bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a novel motion and simultaneous irrigation on the cyclic fatigue resistance of Hyflex EDM OneFile
Authors: La Rosa Giusy Rita Maria , Lombardo Pietro , Generali Luigi , Pedullà Eugenio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the cyclic fatigue resistance of a single-file system (i.e., Hyflex EDM OneFile), during continuous rotation and reflex dynamic motion with and without irrigation. Cyclic fatigue tests were conducted on 48 new Hyflex EDM One files using two different motions, with and without irrigation. The files were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 12) based on the tested motion and irrigation conditions: continuous rotation and the novel kinematics ReFlex Dynamic motion, with and without irrigation. The dynamic fatigue resistance was measured as the number of cycles to fracture (NCF) in an artificial zirconium canal with a 60° angle and a 5 mm radius of curvature at an intracanal temperature. The results were analyzed using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test, with a significance level established at 5% (p < 0.05). The fractured instruments were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The instruments activated in continuous rotation, irrespective of irrigation conditions, demonstrated significantly higher NCF compared to those in ReFlex Dynamic (p < 0.05). Irrigation significantly impacted the cyclic fatigue resistance of Hyflex EDM in ReFlex Dynamic motion (p < 0.05), while it did not influence the resistance of files tested under continuous rotation (p > 0.05). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, HyFlex EDM One files tested under continuous rotation showed greater resistance to cyclic fatigue compared to those tested with ReFlex Dynamic motion, regardless of irrigation. Continuous hypochlorite irrigation enhanced the cyclic fatigue resistance only of the files tested in ReFlex Dynamic motion.
Sexual Networks and Behavioral Characteristics of HIV-Positive Male Military Members, Female Sex Workers, and Male Civilians
Authors: Grillo Michael P. , Saylors Karen , Tran Bonnie R. , Brown Nichelle , Tripathi Osika , Killion Jordan , Macera Carol , Faye Babacar , Chisoko Ernest C. , Kabengele Mapoma , Mutombe Anthony M. , Djoko Cyrille F. , Smith Davey , Chaillon Antoine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Military members and female sex workers (FSWs) may be more likely to acquire or transmit HIV. Mapping HIV transmission across these high-risk populations and identifying behaviors associated with sexual network clustering are needed for effective HIV prevention approaches. A cross-sectional study recruited participants newly diagnosed with HIV among militaries, civilians, and FSWs in Zambia, Senegal, and Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Participants were interviewed on behaviors and provided blood samples for HIV-1 partial pol sequencing. Genetic-distance based network analyses inferred putative relationships between HIV-1 partial pol sequences. Bivariate logistic regression models identified variables associated with clustering in a sexual network. 908 participants were included (n = 313 FSWs, n = 297 military, n = 298 civilians). 311 blood samples were sequenced and had survey data, of which 93 (29.9%) were genetically linked, forming 36 transmission clusters. All but one cluster were comprised of participants from the same country, including one large cluster (n = 12; 9 FSWs and 3 civilians) from DRC. A large mixed-country cluster (n = 9) including 7 men (4 civilians, 3 military) and 2 FSWs was observed. The odds of clustering in a sexual network were elevated for DRC participants, FSWs, and those cohabitating with a sexual partner. Findings underscore the importance of identifying linkages in high-risk populations to develop tailored HIV prevention strategies. Linkages across risk groups and countries illustrate the potential role of mobile populations in HIV transmission and acquisition. Larger studies including HIV recency testing may better elucidate biological and behavioral interactions between military, civilians, and FSWs.
Improving the effectiveness of climate change adaptation measures
Authors: Puig Daniel , Adger Neil W. , Barnett Jon , Vanhala Lisa , Boyd Emily 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To a large degree, economic metrics and mechanisms underpin the design of adaptation policies. Such a focus has undesired consequences on the effectiveness of adaptation measures as well as on our ability to prevent incommensurable losses. The article puts forward four strategic changes in adaptation policy that shift the focus away from markets and toward community-level visions of what a liveable future entails. These changes involve accommodating diverse ethical positions, through decision-making processes that are rich in information, include diverse perspectives, and are transparent with respect to the value trade-offs they entail; reflecting social norms in adaptation, through community-led initiatives whereby local priorities and cultural expressions are given centre-stage in the design of adaptation responses; limiting path dependence, through champions within key institutions that are prepared to affect change in times of disruptive climate disasters; and enfranchising marginalised groups, notably by incorporating multiple knowledges and worldviews in adaptation policy, promoting deliberation and negotiation, and subverting exclusionary practices.
Challenges and opportunities of the exotic invasive macroalga Rugulopteryx okamurae (Phaeophyceae, Heterokontophyta)
Authors: Figueroa Félix L. , Vega Julia , Flórez-Fernández Noelia , Mazón José , Torres María Dolores , Domínguez Herminia , Pereira Leonel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The invasion of Rugulopteryx okamurae along the southern European coastline is producing significant ecological and socioeconomic impacts. Its rapid proliferation and high adaptability have cause severe ecosystem disruptions, displacing indigenous species and altering habitat structures. Various factors, including favorable environmental conditions and chemical defenses, have contributed to its rapid spread. This situation has prompted urgent interdisciplinary research and the implementation of management strategies. Regulatory frameworks have been established to address its invasive status, aiming to control the bio-invasion. Valorization strategies could contribute to sustainable marine ecosystem management and marine biotechnology advancements. R. okamurae presents a wide variety of valuable molecules in its internal composition, such as alginates, terpenoids or carotenoids, with potential biotechnological applications. Promising results have been obtained using R. okamurae in compost or biostimulants, as supplements in aquafeed or as part of biomaterial to develop eco-friendly products. Some molecules like terpenoids have shown anti-inflammatory properties with applications in the nutraceutical industry. However, significant challenges remain in fully understanding its biology, ecological impacts, and effective control measures. Coordinated efforts among scientists, politicians, companies and stakeholders are essential to mitigate its spread and explore its potential for sustainable resource utilization. The ecological and economic impacts are being studied but there is a still scarce number of studies to follow a strategy of control based in blue and circular economy.
New easy lab methods for the extraction of phycobiliproteins and pigments from cyanobacteria
Authors: Kollmen Jonas , Rech Maximilian , Lorig Fabian , Di Nonno Sarah , Stiefelmaier Judith , Strieth Dorina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a source of a variety of valuable substances. These include extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and natural dyes. EPS are produced by cyanobacteria to protect themselves against environmental stresses, serve as a water reservoir, and play an essential role in the formation of biofilms. They can be used, for example, due to their antimicrobial properties. Cyanobacteria are phototrophic organisms and synthesize the pigments chlorophyll a and carotenoids for photosynthesis. However, they also possess other light-harvesting complexes in the form of phycobilisomes, which combine with proteins to form so-called phycobiliproteins (PBP). These enable cyanobacteria to utilize a larger light spectrum than plants. Both the pigments and the PBP can be used as natural colorants and offer antioxidant properties, among other things, which enables applications in medicine. Methods for the combined extraction of EPS, PBP, and pigments have already been described in the literature. Still, in this work, the methods were simplified and optimized to obtain the best possible method for use in the laboratory. The optimized downstream process is based on an extraction of the EPS with deionized water followed by an extraction of the PBP with potassium phosphate buffer and finally the extraction of the pigments with methanol. The PBP and pigments are extracted by adding fixed ratios of solvents followed by a single extraction for a certain period. The universal applicability was demonstrated over a broad biomass spectrum from 4 mg to 80 mg dry mass and the method was transferred to several cyanobacterial strains.
Universality of Mean-Field Antiferromagnetic Order in an Anisotropic 3D Hubbard Model at Half-Filling
Authors: Langmann E. , Lenells J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study Hartree–Fock theory at half-filling for the 3D anisotropic Hubbard model on a cubic lattice with hopping parameter t in the x- and y-directions and a possibly different hopping parameter

$$t_z$$

t
z

in the z-direction; this model interpolates between the 2D and 3D Hubbard models corresponding to the limiting cases

$$t_z=0$$

t
z

=
0

and

$$t_z=t$$

t
z

=
t

, respectively. We first derive all-order asymptotic expansions for the density of states. Using these expansions and units such that

$$t=1$$

t
=
1

, we analyze how the Néel temperature and the antiferromagnetic mean field depend on the coupling parameter, U, and on the hopping parameter

$$t_z$$

t
z

. We derive asymptotic formulas valid in the weak coupling regime, and we study in particular the transition from the three-dimensional to the two-dimensional model as

$$t_z \rightarrow 0$$

t
z

→
0

. It is found that the asymptotic formulas are qualitatively different for

$$t_z = 0$$

t
z

=
0

(the two-dimensional case) and

$$t_z > 0$$

t
z

>
0

(the case of nonzero hopping in the z-direction). Our results show that certain universality features of the three-dimensional Hubbard model are lost in the limit

$$t_z \rightarrow 0$$

t
z

→
0

in which the three-dimensional model reduces to the two-dimensional model.
Nineteenth-century land use shapes the current occurrence of some plant species, but weakly affects the richness and total composition of Central European grasslands
Authors: Midolo Gabriele , Skokanová Hana , Clark Adam Thomas , Vymazalová Marie , Chytrý Milan , Dullinger Stefan , Essl Franz , Šibík Jozef , Keil Petr 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Historical land use is thought to have influenced plant community diversity, composition and function through the local persistence of taxa that reflect ecological conditions of the past.

Objectives
We tested for the effects of historical land use on contemporary plant species richness, composition, and ecological preferences in the grassland vegetation of Central Europe.

Methods
We analyzed 6975 vegetation plots sampled between 1946 and 2021 in dry, mesic, and wet grasslands in the borderland between Austria, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia. Using 1819–1853 military maps, we assigned each plot to a historical land-use category (arable land, forest, grassland, settlement, permanent crop, and water body). We modeled the response of species richness, composition, and plant ecological preferences to the historical land use including contemporary covariates.

Results
Nineteenth-century land use explained little overall variation in species richness and composition, whereas more variation was explained by contemporary environmental conditions. However, we found that ecological preferences of some species were associated with specific historical land uses. Specifically, species more frequently occurring in historically forested grasslands showed lower light and disturbance frequency indicator values, while those associated with former settlements displayed higher disturbance severity indicator values.

Conclusions
We conclude that signatures of specific land-use conversions, including the restoration of grasslands in human-impacted areas, may still be detectable in grasslands even 200 years into the future. However, while local historical land use influences the occurrence of some species based on their ecological preferences, these effects do not significantly influence community species richness and total composition.
A machine learning approach to simulate flexible body dynamics
Authors: Slimak Tomas , Zwölfer Andreas , Todorov Bojidar , Rixen Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Flexible body dynamics simulations are powerful tools to realistically analyze vehicles, machines, mechanics, etc. However, the inherently nonlinear governing equations often require tailor-made and computationally expense solution strategies. Employing artificial neural networks for forward dynamics analyses of flexible bodies may be not only useful as a model reduction tool, since evaluating a network is frequently faster compared to solving physics-based models, but also to enhance models with experimental data. In this realm four primary strategies have emerged: (i) Incorporating time as an input to the artificial neural network to predict the desired solution variables at that specific time. (ii) Utilizing an entire time series as input, the network generates the corresponding time series of the desired solution variables in a single pass through the artificial neural network. (iii) Employing an artificial neural network to advance one time step into the future using the states as input. (iv) Leveraging the artificial neural network solely for learning the equations of motion or energetic quantities, e.g., Lagrangian/Hamiltonian, coupled with standard techniques from analytical dynamics and time integration. Approaches (iii) and (iv) can be considered advantageous owing to their inherent physics-informed nature, greater flexibility in adopting varying time steps, and ease of integration with classical simulation techniques. This contribution, therefore, presents a method to predict flexible body dynamics one step at a time using two complimentary artificial neural networks. One network predicts the equations of motion relationship between positions, velocities, and accelerations, while a second network or numerical integrator propagates the system states forwards in time. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the developed approach on the testcase of a flexible beam. Various parameter studies and alternative solutions are presented to highlight the performance of the developed approach. The robustness and ability to extrapolate are also explored to determine the practical viability of this solution. The intention of this single-body work is to enable the future embedding in a multibody context.
Gendered dynamics in Moroccan transnational migrant networks in Tenerife: environmental concerns, engagement, and remittances
Authors: Ou-Salah Loubna , Van Praag Lore 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The concept of transnational knowledge networks has entered the field of study of environmental mobility. Yet, how these networks play a role in adaptation to environmental change remains understudied. Power dynamics and familial ties impact the functioning of transnational networks and intricately shape responses to environmental challenges, with gender serving as a salient factor. This research aims to theorize and empirically study how gender matters for how men and women engage with environmental concerns within transnational spaces of Moroccan migrants living in Tenerife, the largest of the Canary Islands. This study employs visual mapping techniques to uncover gendered patterns and modalities of communication within transnational networks. Findings reveal significant gender disparities in how environmental challenges are discussed and addressed within Moroccan transnational networks. While women prioritize family welfare and employ cultural practices to tackle environmental issues, men focus more on economic implications. Women’s perspectives and voices are marginalized, reflecting societal gender norms and biases that prioritize men’s voices and expertise in economic matters. This ignorance hinders their participation and access to support within transnational networks, perpetuating gender disparities in engagement and decision-making.
The Unbearable Weight of Gender Inequalities: Development and Validation of the Social Treatment and Experiences of Women (STEW) Scale
Authors: Ciaffoni Stefano , Rubini Monica , Moscatelli Silvia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gender inequalities are pervasive across various life domains, yet research has often overlooked how people perceive that women are treated differently than men. To fill this gap, we developed and validated the 16-item multidimensional Social Treatment and Experiences of Women (STEW) scale across different samples of women and different cultural contexts, namely Italy and the UK N = 1,195). Using exploratory (Study 1, N = 703) and confirmatory (Study 2, N = 550; Study 3a, N = 132; Study 4, N = 201; Study 5, N = 233) factor analysis, we identified four dimensions: workplace inequalities, domestic imbalance, harassment towards women, and social expectations. Studies 3a and 3b (N = 96) demonstrated convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of the STEW, linking the STEW’s subscales to group-based emotions, reported experiences of sexism, attitudes towards affirmative action, and attitudes towards women’s sexual freedom. Replicating the factor structure in the UK, Study 4 found the STEW explained unique variance in group-based emotions and intergroup attitudes beyond personal experiences of sexism. Last, Study 5 showed that the STEW explains unique variance in collective action intentions and feminist identification beyond people’s attitudes towards gender equality. Highlighting the importance of conceiving gender inequalities as a multifaceted issue, the STEW provides a robust tool for assessing perceptions of differential treatment of women across domains and can inform more comprehensive interventions promoting gender equality.
Fairness, ambiguity and dynamic consistency
Authors: Bradley Richard , Stefánsson H. Orri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Considerations of dynamic inconsistency have figured prominently in debates over the rationality of preferences that violate the separability conditions characteristic of expected utility theory. These debates have mostly focused on risk- and ambiguity averse preferences, but analogous considerations apply to preferences for fairness. We revisit these debates in the context of a specific hypothesis regarding the violations of separability by such preferences, namely that they are potentially both explained and rationalised by non-instrumental attitudes to the chances of the various possibilities involved. Our main aim is to argue that, first, when these violations of static separability are motivated by such non-instrumental attitudes to chances, then they need not result in dynamically inconsistent behaviour. Second, and more generally, considerations of dynamic consistency do not, we argue, undermine the rationality of non-instrumental attitudes towards the distribution of chances, despite the fact that such attitudes give rise to violations of the static separability assumptions of expected utility theory.
The Impact of Peer-Based Recovery Support Services: Mediating Factors of Client Outcomes
Authors: Quiroz Santos Esther , Stein L. A. R. , Stamates Amy , Voyer Hailey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research demonstrates a positive impact of Peer Based Recovery Support Services (PBRSS) facilitated by peer recovery specialists (PRS), who are people in recovery from behavioral health conditions (e.g., substance use disorders [SUD] and mental health conditions). This study investigated PBRSS, their impact on client outcomes (e.g., substance use, health), and the factors (e.g., self-efficacy, perceived relationship with/helpfulness of PRS) mediating the relationship between services and outcomes while controlling for sociodemographic information (e.g., age). Data were collected across 58 sites within 25 agencies providing PBRSS in a state located in Northeastern USA. Cross-lagged panel models were used to examine 12 longitudinal mediational models in a sample of N = 412. Models were examined over two time periods (i.e., T1 and T2). After alpha correction (p = .00417), most results were nonsignificant. However, several findings indicated that constructs were significantly related across time in all models (e.g., self-efficacy at T1 significantly predicted self-efficacy at T2), while many point-in-time associations were also significant (e.g., number of services received was positively related to relationship/helpfulness of PRS at T1 and T2). Better PRS relationship/helpfulness at T1 significantly predicted a lower number of services received at T2, while receiving more services at T1 significantly predicted better PRS relationship/helpfulness at T2. Being older significantly predicted a worse overall health at T2 in some models. While no mediation was found, this study is important as it assists in building models with respect to the mechanisms by which PRS may effect change or not.
Förderung digitaler Gesundheitskompetenz in benachteiligten Lebenslagen durch Community-orientierte Ansätze: Ergebnisse eines Workshops
Authors: Wrona Kamil J. , Albrecht Joanna , Schulenkorf Tessa , Bruland Dirk 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Der digitale Wandel beeinflusst die Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung insbesondere für Menschen in benachteiligten Lebenslagen. Digitale Gesundheitskompetenz ist notwendig, um gesundheitsrelevante Informationen in Bezug auf digitale Anwendungen und Informationsangebote zu finden, zu verstehen, zu beurteilen und anzuwenden. Zielgruppengerechte Angebote zur Förderung der digitalen Gesundheitskompetenz bei benachteiligten Bevölkerungsgruppen sind rar. Ziel des Workshops während der 58. Jahrestagung der DGSMP war es, Herausforderungen und Potenziale der Förderung digitaler Gesundheitskompetenz bei benachteiligten Gruppen zu identifizieren und interdisziplinäre Ansätze zu diskutieren.

Methode
Der Workshop kombinierte interaktive Methoden wie Perspektivwechsel und Zukunftswerkstatt, um verschiedene Sichtweisen und Lösungsansätze zu erarbeiten. Teilnehmende aus unterschiedlichen Fachbereichen diskutierten entlang problembasierter Beispielszenarien spezifische Herausforderungen für unterschiedliche Zielgruppen.

Ergebnisse
Für Menschen mit zugeschriebener geistiger Behinderung zeigte sich die Notwendigkeit, digitale Angebote an ihre Fähigkeiten anzupassen und einfache, zugängliche Plattformen zu entwickeln. Für ältere Menschen/Pflegebedürftigen wurden ethische Fragen und die Notwendigkeit, Technologie verständlich zu machen, diskutiert. Für Schüler:innen zeigte sich die Dringlichkeit, Medienkompetenz in den Schulalltag zu integrieren, um Fehlinformationen entgegenzuwirken und gesunde Entscheidungen zu fördern. Die Diskussionen betonten die Bedeutung von spezifischen, auf die jeweilige Zielgruppe zugeschnittenen Maßnahmen.

Schlussfolgerungen
Ein Community-orientierter Ansatz, der Menschen in ihren spezifischen Lebenskontexten anspricht, wurde als effektiv hervorgehoben. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit, digitale Gesundheitsangebote und Kompetenzförderung zielgruppenspezifisch zu gestalten. Es bedarf weiterer Forschung und praktischer Erprobung von Konzepten, die sowohl digitale als auch präsentische Elemente integrieren, um die Gesundheitskompetenz effektiv zu stärken und alle Bevölkerungsgruppen adäquat zu unterstützen.