bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of standardized, language‐concordant hospital discharge instructions on postdischarge medication questions
Authors: Khoong Elaine C. , Sherwin Elizabeth B. , Harrison James D. , Wheeler Margaret , Shah Sachin J. , Mourad Michelle , Khanna Raman 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWritten instructions improve patient comprehension of discharge instructions but are often provided only in English even for patients with a non‐English language preference (NELP). We implemented standardized written discharge instructions in English, Spanish, and Chinese for hospital medicine patients at an urban academic medical center. Using an interrupted time series analysis, we assessed the impact on medication‐related postdischarge questions for patients with English, Spanish, or Chinese language preferences. Of 4013 patients, ∼15% had NELP. Preintervention, Chinese‐preferring patients had a 5.6 percentage point higher probability of questions (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 2.21) compared to English‐preferring patients; Spanish‐preferring and English‐preferring patients had similar rates of questions. Postintervention, English‐preferring and Spanish‐preferring patients had no significant change; Chinese‐preferring patients had a significant 10.9 percentage point decrease in the probability of questions (aOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.69) thereby closing the disparity. Language‐concordant written discharge instructions may reduce disparities in medication‐related postdischarge questions for patients with NELP.
Regulation of autophagy by SARS‐CoV‐2: The multifunctional contributions of ORF3a
Authors: Shariq Mohd , Malik Asrar A. , Sheikh Javaid A. , Hasnain Seyed E. , Ehtesham Nasreen Z. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) regulates autophagic flux by blocking the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, causing the accumulation of membranous vesicles for replication. Multiple SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins regulate autophagy with significant roles attributed to ORF3a. Mechanistically, open reading frame 3a (ORF3a) forms a complex with UV radiation resistance associated, regulating the functions of the PIK3C3‐1 and PIK3C3‐2 lipid kinase complexes, thereby modulating autophagosome biogenesis. ORF3a sequesters VPS39 onto the late endosome/lysosome, inhibiting assembly of the soluble NSF attachement protein REceptor (SNARE) complex and preventing autolysosome formation. ORF3a promotes the interaction between BECN1 and HMGB1, inducing the assembly of PIK3CA kinases into the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and activating reticulophagy, proinflammatory responses, and ER stress. ORF3a recruits BORCS6 and ARL8B to lysosomes, initiating the anterograde transport of the virus to the plasma membrane. ORF3a also activates the SNARE complex (STX4‐SNAP23‐VAMP7), inducing fusion of lysosomes with the plasma membrane for viral egress. These mechanistic details can provide multiple targets for inhibiting SARS‐CoV‐2 by developing host‐ or host–pathogen interface‐based therapeutics.
Adverse events in cryoballoon ablation for pulmonary vein isolation: Insight from the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience
Authors: Tan Min Choon , Tan Jian Liang , Lee Wei Jun , Srivathsan Komandoor , Sorajja Dan , El Masry Hicham , Scott Luis R. , Lee Justin Z. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world clinical data on the adverse events related to the use of cryoballoon catheter for pulmonary vein isolation remains limited.ObjectiveTo report and describe the adverse events related to the use of Artic Front cryoballoon catheters (Arctic Front, Arctic Front Advance, and Arctic Front Advance Pro) reported in the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Manufacturers and User Defined Experience (MAUDE) database.MethodsWe reviewed all the adverse events reported to the FDA MAUDE database over a 10.7‐year study period from January 01, 2011 to September 31, 2021. All events were independently reviewed by two physicians.ResultsDuring the study period, a total of 320 procedural‐related adverse events reported in the MAUDE database were identified. The most common adverse event was transient or persistent phrenic nerve palsy (PNP), accounting for 48% of all events. This was followed by cardiac perforation (15%), pulmonary vein stenosis (8%), transient ischemic attack or stroke (6%), vascular injury (4%), transient or persistent ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (3%), hemoptysis (2%), pericarditis (2%), and esophageal ulcer or fistula (1%). There were six reported intra‐procedural death events as a result of cardiac perforation.ConclusionThe two most common procedural adverse events associated with cryoballoon ablation were PNP and cardiac perforation. All cases of procedural mortality were due to cardiac perforation.
Cocoa‐associated filamentous fungi for the biocontrol of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Oduro‐Mensah Daniel , Lowor Sammy T. , Bukari Yahaya , Donkor Jacob Kwaku , Minnah Bismark , Nuhu Abdul Hamid , Dontoh Derry , Amadu Ayesha Algade , Ocloo Augustine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAflatoxin and other mycotoxin contamination are major threats to global food security and present an urgent need to secure the global food crop against spoilage by mycotoxigenic fungi. Cocoa material is noted for naturally low aflatoxin contamination. This study was designed to assess the potential for harnessing cocoa‐associated filamentous fungi for the biocontrol of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. The candidate fungi were isolated from fermented cocoa beans collected from four cocoa‐growing areas in Ghana. Molecular characterization included Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS)‐sequencing for identification and polymer chain reaction (PCR) to determine mating type. Effects of the candidate isolates on growth and aflatoxin‐production by an aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolate (BANGA1) were assessed. Aflatoxin production was monitored by UV fluorescence and quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Thirty‐six filamentous fungi were cultured and identified as Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Lichtheimia, or Trichoderma spp. isolates. The isolates generally interacted negatively with BANGA1 growth and aflatoxin production. The Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus aculeatus biocontrol candidates showed the strongest colony antagonism (54%–94%) and reduction in aflatoxin production (12%–50%) on agar. In broth, the A. niger isolates reduced aflatoxin production by up to 97%. Metabolites from the A. niger isolates showed the strongest inhibition of growth by BANGA1 and inhibited aflatoxin production. Four of the candidate isolates belonged to the MAT1‐1 mating type and 12 identified as MAT1‐2. This may be indicative of the potential for genetic recombination events between fungi in the field, a finding which is particularly relevant to the risk posed by A. flavus biocontrol measures that rely on atoxigenic A. flavus strains.
Forgotten but not gone: calcium‐alkali syndrome
Authors: Seth Shrey , Kairatis Lukas , Castelino Ronald L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCalcium‐alkali syndrome (CAS) is characterised by hypercalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal injury. CAS has been a long‐standing concern but has fallen off the radar in recent times. However, supplementation of calcium and vitamin D for osteoporosis, and use of calcium based antacids for reflux has led to its resurgence as one of the leading causes for hypercalcaemia‐induced hospitalisations.AimWe present a case of CAS owing to excessive consumption of calcium carbonate in the presence of vitamin D.Clinical detailsAn 84‐year‐old woman presented to the hospital emergency room for the second time in 4 months after CAS was missed during the first admission. A history of significant (6–8 tablets daily) Quick‐Eze use (calcium carbonate), Gaviscon dual action antacid (calcium carbonate 32.5 mg/mL, sodium bicarbonate 21.3 mg/mL, sodium alginate 50 mg/mL) for reflux, and 2000 IU of vitamin D capsules for osteoporosis was the likely reason for CAS. COVID‐19 lockdown and the inability to fill esomeprazole scripts had increased the patient's reliance on over‐the‐counter treatments for reflux.OutcomesThe severe hypercalcaemia was treated using intravenous fluids and pamidronate, following which her serum calcium levels normalised, with resolution of symptoms.ConclusionThe effect of Quick‐Eze tablets on the development of hypercalcaemia should not be underestimated, especially in the presence of interacting medicines or supplements. This report highlights the importance of accurate history taking as the hypercalcaemia was missed during the patient's initial visit. Appropriate warning labels are warranted on Quick‐Eze tablets, as the current information is ambiguous, with no specific information on duration.
Valuation of environmental influence of recently invented high‐performance liquid chromatographic method for hypoglycemic mixtures of gliflozins and metformin in the presence of melamine impurities: Application of molecular modeling simulation approach
Authors: Fawzy Michael Gamal , Said Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2023

Molecular modeling is the science of representing molecular structures numerically and simulating their behavior with the equations of quantum and classical physics. Coupling molecular modeling and simulation with chromatographic resolution for pharmaceutical products constitutes a new technique in pharmaceutical analysis. An innovative high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methodology was developed for the quantification of metformin hydrochloride (MET), empagliflozin (EMP), and canagliflozin (CAN) in bulk, laboratory‐developed combinations, pharmaceutical tablets, and in the presence of melamine. Chromatographic separation was accomplished using a Symmetry column with 0.03 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer and 0.02 M heptane sulphonic acid: acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Molecular modeling using molecular operating environment software was applied to properly select the stationary phase suitable for the developed HPLC method. Additionally, molecular modeling estimates and validates binding between the studied analytes and the stationary phase to clarify and explain the chromatographic separation and elution order. In accordance with the International Conference of Harmonization recommendations, the method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, and selectivity. The linearity ranges (μg/ml) were 200–1500 (MET), 2–15 (EMP), and 20–150 (CAN) and the limit of detection values were in the ranges of 0.17–54.58 μg/ml. Analysis of pharmaceutical tablets using the suggested approach yielded satisfactory outcomes. As a result, it might be used in quality control laboratories to analyze the aforementioned medications.
Application of instantaneous nebulization dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction combined with HPLC for the determination of chalcone and isoflavone in traditional Chinese medicines
Authors: Wang Ling‐Li , Liu Na , Hu Shuang , Xing Rong‐Rong , Wang Run‐Qin , Yang Li , Chen Xuan 
Published: July 2023

A simple and rapid instantaneous nebulization dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction method was developed, and combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography for determination of the contents of seven analytes in traditional Chinese medicines. In this study, using the sprinkler device to achieve instantaneous synchronous dispersion and extraction, only one spray can rapidly achieve the concentration and enrichment of seven kinds of chalcone and isoflavones. The key factors affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized including the type and volume of extractant, the pH and salt concentration of the sample phase, and the number of dispersion. Under the optimal conditions, the enrichment factor of the target analytes ranged from 103.1 to 180.9, with good linearity and correlation coefficients above 0.9970. The limits of detection ranged from 0.02 to 0.15 ng/mL, with good accuracy (recoveries 91.1 to 108.9%) and precision (relative standard deviations 1.5–7.1%). This method has short extraction time (2 s), low organic solvent consumption and high enrichment effect, so it has a wide application prospects.
Nuclear magnetic resonance‐based solvent system selection for counter‐current chromatography separation of compounds present in the same high‐performance liquid chromatography peak: Flavonoids in barley seedlings as an example
Authors: Chen Tao , Jia Jing , Zou Denglang , Shen Cheng , Wang Shuo , Gao Xiuzhen , Yun Zhongxiang , Ma Jialin , Zhao Jing , Wang Huan , Li Yulin 
Published: July 2023

Partition coefficient is a key parameter for counter‐current chromatography separation. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most commonly used tool for the screening of partition coefficients. However, HPLC technology is not applicable to the compounds present in the same chromatographic peak. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology could easily distinguish compounds according to their characteristic absorption even if they exist in the same HPLC peak. In this study, two flavonoids present in the same HPLC peak were successfully purified by counter‐current chromatography with a solvent system screened by NMR to show the great potential of NMR technology in the screening of the partition coefficient of co‐efflux compounds. Through NMR screening, an optimized ethyl acetate/n‐buthanol/water (7:3:10, v/v/v) system was applied in this study. As a result, two flavonoids, including 4.8 mg of 3′‐methoxyl‐6′’’‐O‐feruloylsaponarin and 9.8 mg of 6′’’‐O‐feruloylsaponarin were separated from 15 mg of the mixture. There is only one methoxy group difference between the two flavonoids. This study provides a new strategy for the screening of counter‐current chromatography solvent systems and broadens the application scope of counter‐current chromatography.
The effects of Si‐ion implantation and preoxidation on the corrosion behavior of a new steel SIMP in 550∘C ${\bf{55}}{{\bf{0}}}^{\circ }{\bf{C}}$ lead‐bismuth eutectic
Authors: Xu Nannan , Wang Zhiguang , Shen Tielong , Li Bingsheng , Li Gongping , Li Tong , Wei Wenjing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo improve the corrosion resistance of SIMP steel, we have investigated Si‐ion implantation and preoxidation effects on the corrosion behavior of SIMP steel samples, which have been in stagnant lead‐bismuth eutectic (LBE) with saturated oxygen at C for 1000 h. It was found that increasing Si content on the surface did not improve corrosion resistance performance. By contrast, the preoxidized sample demonstrated high resistance to LBE corrosion due to the presence of a thin Cr‐enriched oxide layer.
On Hausdorff operators in ZF$\mathsf {ZF}$
Authors: Keremedis Kyriakos , Tachtsis Eleftherios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA Hausdorff space is called effectively Hausdorff if there exists a function F—called a Hausdorff operator—such that, for every with , , where U and V are disjoint open neighborhoods of x and y, respectively. Among other results, we establish the following in , i.e., in Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without the Axiom of Choice ():
is equivalent to “For every set X, the Cantor cube is effectively Hausdorff”. This enhances the result of Howard, Keremedis, Rubin and Rubin [13] that is equivalent to “Hausdorff spaces are effectively Hausdorff” in .
The Boolean Prime Ideal Theorem and the statement “For every infinite set X, the Stone space of the Boolean algebra is effectively Hausdorff” are mutually independent. In particular, the latter statement is not provable in .
The Axiom of Choice for non‐empty subsets of () is equivalent to each of “Separable Hausdorff spaces are effectively Hausdorff” and “The Cantor cube is effectively Hausdorff”.
The Principle of Dependent Choices in conjunction with the Axiom of Choice for continuum sized families of non‐empty subsets of does not imply the axiom of choice for partitions of . The latter independence result fills the gap in information in Howard and Rubin's book “Consequences of the Axiom of Choice”.
The axiom of countable choice for non‐empty subsets of is equivalent to each of “Denumerable Hausdorff spaces are effectively Hausdorff”, “Denumerable T3 spaces are completely normal” and “Denumerable Tychonoff spaces are Urysohn”.
Prenatal whole exome sequencing identified two rare compound heterozygous variants in EVC2 causing Ellis‐van Creveld syndrome
Authors: Zhuang Jianlong , Liu Shufen , Wang Junyu , Chen Yu'e , Zhang Hegan , Jiang Yuying , Wang Gaoxiong , Chen Chunnuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPathogenic mutations in EVC or EVC2 gene can lead to Ellis‐van Creveld (EvC) syndrome, which is a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia disorder. This study aimed to determine pathogenic gene variations associated with EvC syndrome in fetuses showing ultrasound anomalies.MethodsA 32‐year‐old pregnant woman from Quanzhou, China was investigated. In her pregnancy examination, the fetus exhibited multiple fetal malformations, including a narrow thorax, short limbs, postaxial polydactyly, cardiac malformations, and separation of double renal pelvis. Karyotype, chromosomal microarray analysis and whole exome sequencing were performed for prenatal genetic etiology analysis.ResultsChromosome abnormalities and copy number variants were not observed in the fetus using karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis. Using whole exome sequencing, two compound heterozygous variants NM_147127.5:c.[2484G>A(p.Trp828Ter)];[871‐2_894del] in EVC2 gene were identified in the fetus as pathogenic variants inherited from parents.ConclusionsThe study is the first to identify two rare compound variants in EVC2 gene in a Chinese family using whole exome sequencing. The application of whole‐exome sequencing would be helpful in fetal etiological diagnosis with ultrasound anomalies.
Haplotypes of [‐794(CATT)5–8/‐173G>C] MIF gene polymorphisms and its soluble levels in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in western Mexican population
Authors: Guevara‐Gutiérrez Elizabeth , Ramos‐Súarez Marina , Villalobos‐Ayala Romina Angélica , Tlacuilo‐Parra Alberto , Muñoz‐Valle José Francisco , Tarango‐Martínez Victor , Valle Yeminia , Padilla‐Gutiérrez Jorge Ramón , Rojas‐Díaz José Manuel , Valdés‐Alvarado Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSome cytokines are strongly implicated in the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) such as the Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The haplotype ‐794 (CATT)5–8/‐173G>C in MIF gene polymorphisms has been associated with some types of cancer. The aim of this study is to establish the possible association between the presence of this haplotype in the MIF gene and its subsequent soluble levels with the susceptibility of SCC in western Mexican population.MethodsThis study included 175 SCC patients and 175 age–sex‐matched individuals as a reference group (RG) from western Mexico. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. Polymorphisms were genotyped by endpoint PCR and PCR‐RFLP, and the determination of MIF serum levels was measured by ELISA. Clinical characteristics were evaluated by a group of dermatologists.ResultsAnalysis of [‐794(CATT)5–8/‐173G>C] MIF gene polymorphisms showed that the 5C (OR = 2.7, p = 0.02) and the 7G (OR = 3.39, p < 0.01) haplotypes are associated with susceptibility in SCC. MIF soluble levels in SCC patients showed a median of 13.93 ng/mL, whereas the reference group showed 6.000 ng/mL.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that 5C and 7G [‐794(CATT)5–8/‐173G>C] MIF gene haplotypes are associated with susceptibility to SCC and that SCC patients present increased soluble levels of MIF.
Co‐occurrence of Mycotoxin‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice Inhibited by Lycopene: Mitochondrial Impairment and Early Hepatic Fibrosis
Authors: Lin Jia , Liang Tianzeng , Huang Yang , Zuo Cuige , Wang Dan , Liu Yulan 
Published: July 2023

ScopeMycotoxins co‐contamination of agricultural products poses a serious threat to human and animal health, especially hepatic dysfunction. Zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are three commonly co‐occurring mycotoxins. This study is to determine whether lycopene (LYC) can alleviate hepatic toxicity induced by the co‐occurrence of ZEN, DON, and AFB1 in mice.Methods and resultsEighty 6‐week‐old male ICR mice are divided into four groups: CON group (solvent control), LYC group (10 mg kg−1 LYC), Co‐M group (10 mg kg−1 ZEN + 1 mg kg−1 DON + 0.5 mg kg−1 AFB1), and LYC+Co‐M group (10 mg kg−1 LYC + 10 mg kg−1 ZEN + 1 mg kg−1 DON + 0.5 mg kg−1 AFB1). The results show that LYC can suppress the co‐occurrence of mycotoxin‐induced mitochondrial swelling and vacuolization accompanied by dysregulation of indices of mitochondrial dynamics (Mitofusin 1 (Mfn1), Mfn2, Optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), Dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1), Fission 1 (Fis1) at the mRNA level; DRP1 and FIS1 at the protein level). LYC effectively inhibits co‐occurrence of mycotoxin‐induced activation of Cytochrome P450 2E1, and early fibrosis, as determined by staining with Masson's trichrome and α‐SMA protein.ConclusionLYC successfully attenuates early hepatic fibrosis mainly through antioxidant activities and prevented mitochondrial injury.
Weakly supervised learning‐based 3D bladder reconstruction from 2D ultrasound images for bladder volume measurement
Authors: Peng Zhao , Shan Hongming , Yang Xiaoyu , Li Shuzhou , Tang Du , Cao Ying , Shao Qigang , Huo Wanli , Yang Zhen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccurate measurement of bladder volume is necessary to maintain the consistency of the patient's anatomy in radiation therapy for pelvic tumors. As the diversity of the bladder shape, traditional methods for bladder volume measurement from 2D ultrasound have been found to produce inaccurate results.PurposeTo improve the accuracy of bladder volume measurement from 2D ultrasound images for patients with pelvic tumors.MethodsThe bladder ultrasound images from 130 patients with pelvic cancer were collected retrospectively. All data were split into a training set (80 patients), a validation set (20 patients), and a test set (30 patients). A total of 12 transabdominal ultrasound images for one patient were captured by automatically rotating the ultrasonic probe with an angle step of 15°. An incomplete 3D ultrasound volume was synthesized by arranging these 2D ultrasound images in 3D space according to the acquisition angles. With this as input, a weakly supervised learning‐based 3D bladder reconstruction neural network model was built to predict the complete 3D bladder. The key point is that we designed a novel loss function, including the supervised loss of bladder segmentation in the ultrasound images at known angles and the compactness loss of the 3D bladder. Bladder volume was calculated by counting the number of voxels belonging to the 3D bladder. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used to evaluate the accuracy of bladder segmentation, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was used to evaluate the calculation accuracy of bladder volume with that of computed tomography (CT) images as the gold standard.ResultsThe results showed that the mean DSC was up to 0.94 and the mean absolute RSD can be reduced to 6.3% when using 12 ultrasound images of one patient. Further, the mean DSC also was up to 0.90 and the mean absolute RSD can be reduced to 9.0% even if only two ultrasound images were used (i.e., the angle step is 90°). Compared with the commercial algorithm in bladder scanners, which has a mean absolute RSD of 13.6%, our proposed method showed a considerably huge improvement.ConclusionsThe proposed weakly supervised learning‐based 3D bladder reconstruction method can greatly improve the accuracy of bladder volume measurement. It has great potential to be used in bladder volume measurement devices in the future.