bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework as High‐Performance Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jia Chao , Duan An , Liu Chao , Wang Wen‐Zhuang , Gan Shi‐Xian , Qi Qiao‐Yan , Li Yongjun , Huang Xiaoyu , Zhao Xin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a new class of cathode materials for energy storage in recent years. However, they are limited to two‐dimensional (2D) or three‐dimensional (3D) framework structures. Herein, this work reports designed synthesis of a redox‐active one‐dimensional (1D) COF and its composites with 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via in situ growth. Used as cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries, the 1D COF@CNT composites with unique dendritic core–shell structure can provide abundant and easily accessible redox‐active sites, which contribute to improve diffusion rate of lithium ions and the corresponding specific capacity. This synergistic structural design enables excellent electrochemical performance of the cathodes, giving rise to 95% utilization of redox‐active sites, high rate capability (81% capacity retention at 10 C), and long cycling stability (86% retention after 600 cycles at 5 C). As the first example to explore the application of 1D COFs in the field of energy storage, this study demonstrates the great potential of this novel type of linear crystalline porous polymers in battery technologies.
Lead‐Free Cesium Thulium Halide Perovskite Microcrystals for Near Ultraviolet Luminescence
Authors: Wu Chuanli , Qing Xiaofei , Lai Wenwei , Han Xiuxun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLead halide perovskites attract tremendous research attention due to excellent optoelectronic properties. However, realizing efficient near ultraviolet (NUV) luminescence with these materials is still a big challenge. Herein, a novel rare‐earth perovskite cesium thulium chloride (CsTmCl3) with high crystallinity has been synthesized via a simple hot‐injection method. The obtained CsTmCl3 microcrystals have a size distribution of around 1–5 µm, and demonstrate a highly efficient NUV emission at 337 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 68 nm. The determined band gap of CsTmCl3 microcrystals is ≈3.92 eV, which is supported by theoretical calculations. Moreover, a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of up to 12% in NUV region has been achieved in such a lead‐free perovskite. The findings suggest that CsTmCl3 perovskite microcrystal is a promising low‐toxic material for applications in NUV optoelectronic devices.
Model‐checking‐driven explorative testing of CRDT designs and implementations
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Huang Yu , Wei Hengfeng , Ma Xiaoxing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInternet‐scale distributed systems often replicate data at multiple geographic locations to provide low latency and high availability, despite node and network failures. According to the CAP theorem, low latency and high availability can only be achieved at the cost of accepting weak consistency. The conflict‐free replicated data type (CRDT) is a framework that provides a principled approach to maintaining eventual consistency among data replicas. CRDTs have been notoriously difficult to design and implement correctly. Subtle deep bugs lie in the complex and tedious handling of all possible cases of conflicting data updates. We argue that the CRDT design should be formally specified and model checked, to uncover deep bugs which are beyond human reasoning. The implementation further needs to be systematically tested. On the one hand, the testing needs to inherit the exhaustive nature of the model checking and ensures the coverage of testing. On the other hand, the testing is expected to find coding errors which cannot be detected by design level verification. Toward the challenges above, we propose the model‐checking‐driven explorative testing (MET) framework. At the design level, MET uses TLA+ to specify and model check CRDT designs. At the implementation level, MET conducts model‐checking‐driven explorative testing, in the sense that the test cases are automatically generated from the model‐checking traces. The system execution is controlled to proceed deterministically, following the model‐checking trace. The explorative testing systematically controls and permutes all nondeterministic choices of message reorderings. We apply MET in our practical development of CRDTs. The bugs in both designs and implementations of CRDTs are found. As for bugs which can be found by traditional testing techniques, MET greatly reduces the cost of fixing the bugs. Moreover, MET can find subtle deep bugs which cannot be found by existing techniques at a reasonable cost. Based on our practical use of MET, we discuss how MET provides us with sufficient confidence in the correctness of our CRDT designs and implementations.Conflict‐free replicated data type (CRDT) is a framework that provides a principled approach to maintaining eventual consistency among data replicas in distributed systems. CRDTs have been notoriously difficult to design and implement correctly. We propose model‐checking‐driven explorative testing (MET) framework for dealing with such problem. We apply MET in our practical development of CRDTs. MET successfully finds subtle deep bugs and provides us with sufficient confidence in the correctness of our CRDT designs and implementations.
Removal of Remazol brilliant blue r and Remazol brilliant violet 5r dyes from aqueous solution by adsorption using coffee residue
Authors: Ismanto Aris , Sukmono Yudi , Hadibarata Tony , Yeow Peck Kah , Indrayanti Elis , Ismunarti Dwi Haryo , Handoyo Gentur 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs a crucial ingredient for human and animal survival, clean water also contributes significantly to a nation's ever‐expanding economy. However, the availability of clean water has deteriorated as contaminants, such as dyes, have a significant detrimental effect on the pure and clean main waters. Coffee residue with micro‐ and macropores is a potential biosorbent for the removal of synthetic dyes from aqueous solutions. This study aims to determine the efficacy of adsorption of synthetic colors by coffee dregs. Using the Central Composite Design (CCD), the impacts of four adsorption factors (contact time, pH, starting concentration, and adsorbent dosage) were investigated (CCD). For the percent elimination of Remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) and Remazol brilliant violet 5R, quadratic models were created (RBV‐5R). The ideal adsorption conditions consisted of a pH of 3, a dosage of 5 g of adsorbent, an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, and a contact period of 30 min for RBBR and 60 min for RBV‐5R, resulting in a removal of 49.98% and 93.8%, respectively. The experimental and projected values for RBBR were 96.57% and 95.2% for RBV‐5R, respectively, demonstrating high agreement with minimal errors. The Langmuir isotherm model fit the equilibrium adsorption data of the two selected dyes the best. In addition, the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model was able to better characterize the experimental data with good respective regression coefficients.
Assessment of the degree of rancidity on reused oils in university cafeterias, and public awareness
Authors: Lema Meserecordias W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, reused sunflower cooking oil was investigated for rancidity. Three student cafeterias at the University of Dodoma (UDOM) were used for this particular study. Oil samples were analyzed at the University of Dodoma laboratories. Results showed that all parameters were beyond permissible limits by WHO/FAO standards. Acid values ranged between 0.841 and 4.319 mg KOH/g oil, which is beyond the allowable limits by WHO/FAO (0.6 mg KOH/g oil). Peroxide values were found to be 19.5 mill eq O2/kg oil (minimum), and 62 mill eq O2/kg oil (maximum), which are both above the recommended limits by WHO/FAO (10 mill eq O2/kg oil). Iodine values were found to be from 102.87 to 48.26‐g I2/100 g oil, and were all beyond the recommended limits by WHO/FAO, of between 118‐ and 141‐g I2/100 g oil. The study has further revealed that the number of customers that are saved by the three cafeterias exceeds the capacity of the cafeterias. This study also found out that many students (almost 74%) are not aware on general knowledge about rancidity, including health effects of using rancid oils. It is therefore recommended to the national regulatory authorities to formulate strict regulations to guide and control oil rancidity.
Homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions for Maxwell nanofluid flow over an elongating cylindrical pipe via finite element method
Authors: AlBaidani Mashael M. , Lashin Maha M. A. , Saif Rai Sajjad , Ganie Abdul Hamid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHomogeneous–heterogeneous chemical reactions in simultaneous heat and mass transport for Maxwell fluid subjected to thermophoresis and Brownian motion are modeled and governing mathematical models are simplified using approximations proposed models are simplified using approximations proposed by Ludwing Prandtl. The simplified governing mathematical models under Buongiorno's theory are numerically solved via finite element method (FEM). The convergence and mesh free solution are solved for parametric study. The momentum relaxation phenomenon is the characteristic of liquid to restore its equilibrium state. Therefore, a remarkable reduction in the motion of fluid particles against an increase in Deborah number is noticed. A rise in temperature distribution is noticed when Brownian motion parameter is enhanced. The flow is decelerated as the curvature of the cylinder increases. As a consequence, the viscous region shrinks and its thickness becomes smaller. Hence, it is concluded that flow over flat surface has wider boundary layer region than the boundary layer region associated with flow over the cylindrical surface. The wall shear stress for the flow over a cylindrical object is higher than that for the flow over a flat surface. The wall heat and mass fluxes have an increasing tendency when the curvature parameter is increased. Wall heat flux and wall mass flux have opposite behavior due to rise in thermophorsis and Brownian motion effects.
From Forced Migration to the Forced Separation of Families
Authors: Tiilikainen Marja , Hiitola Johanna , Ismail Abdirashid A. , Palander Jaana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces the central conceptual and theoretical framework of the volume, which is the nexus between everyday security, forced migration and family separation. We discuss the problems with the term ‘refugee’ and justify everyday security as an approach. We then present the global and transnational scope of the book, which enables us to rebalance previous scholarship on families and migration. Finally, we provide a brief roadmap of the contents of the book.
‘Doing Family’ as a Separated Household: The Experience of Syrian Refugees in Germany and Lebanon
Authors: Tuzi Irene 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter investigates the impact of forced family separation upon displaced Syrians in Lebanon and Germany. It is guided by two main research questions: How do Syrian households in Lebanon and Germany deal with the everyday insecurities brought about by displacement? And how do theydo familyin separation? Based on 18 months of fieldwork conducted in Germany and Lebanon in 2018 and 2019, the chapter examines everyday insecurities and coping strategies to explore parallels in the way Syrian households in different regions navigate separation and do family from afar. The main results of the study indicate that Syrian refugees in two different geographical contexts use similar coping mechanisms to respond to the everyday insecurities caused by life in separation. In particular, people in separated households established new social networks, consolidated family relationships with left-behind family members, and reinforced their religious beliefs and practices. The findings also show that the idea of family has blurred boundaries and multiple dimensions for separated households, with Syrian refugees experiencing separation both spatially and temporally.
International Human Rights Frameworks in Relation to National Family Reunification Policy and Administrative Practice
Authors: Palander Jaana , Baraka Usumain , Gustafsson Hilda , Kvalvaag Alyssa Marie , Lokot Michelle , Martuscelli Patrícia Nabuco , Yaron Mesgena Hadas , Tuzi Irene , Wray Helena 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter gives an overview of the laws, policies and administrative practices that dictate family reunification in the countries discussed in this book, providing a frame of reference for considering specific questions of family separation in selected countries. First, we discuss the global and regional framework for international and human rights law. Brief country studies follow, focusing on the challenges forced migrants encounter with family reunification in Europe, the Americas and the Middle East: Sweden, Finland, Germany, the United States, Brazil, Israel, Jordan and Lebanon. The chapter concludes by bringing out aspects of migration policy that affect the enjoyment of family unity and the human right to respect for family life in these countries. We demonstrate that a variety of obstacles need to be overcome to have access to family reunification, reflecting the lack of clear rights to family reunification in international and human rights law. While some countries have legal restrictions in place, other countries have instituted administrative practices that prevent families from living together.
‘There Is No Family Here’: Refugees’ Strategies for Family Reunification in São Paulo
Authors: Martuscelli Patrícia Nabuco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch on family reunification policies in the Global South is scarce, despite the fact that forced migratory movements are larger in the South than in the Global North. Brazil legally recognizes the right to family reunification for all migrants. Although the country has adopted a broad definition of family that recognizes relatives from the extended family, financial limitations require refugees to make choices about which family members to bring first. This chapter analyses their selection strategies based on 20 phenomenological, semi-structured interviews conducted with refugees mainly from Africa, in particular from the Democratic Republic of Congo, who applied for family reunification in São Paulo. I also employ quantitative data on refugees who applied for family reunification in Brazil between 2015 and 2018. Refugee narratives reveal five overlapping strategies used to select which family members to bring first. These strategies address the needs of family members both in the country of origin and in Brazil, namely, protection, health, finances, childcare and securing the future of the family. Hence, refugees in Brazil select family members for reunification not only because of close kinship ties, but also to improve everyday security.
‘Mum, I Sleep Under a Bridge’: Everyday Insecurities of the Families of Rejected Asylum Seekers in Somalia
Authors: Ismail Abdirashid A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, I examine the impact of prolonged family separation on the families of rejected Somali asylum seekers in Europe. The focus is on the everyday security of family members left behind in Somalia. During the past 10 years, many young people have migrated from Somalia as a result of socio-political developments in the Horn of Africa. Coupled with recent policy changes in Europe, these developments have significantly increased the time migrants spend in transit countries and in Europe as rejected asylum seekers, profoundly affecting the everyday life and wellbeing of their families in Somalia. The chapter draws on 42 semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews with family members of rejected Somali asylum seekers in Europe; the interviews were conducted in Somaliland and Puntland, Somalia, in March–April 2019 and January–February 2020. The findings show that family separation affects family members’ everyday security in Somalia through four broad dimensions of family life, namely, emotional, health-related, material and social dimensions. The chapter provides a unique translocal analysis that connects the effects of immigration policies in Europe to the everyday (in)securities of families in Somalia.
Introduction: Why We Need Stronger Unions in the Global Garment Industry
Authors: López Tatiana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor newly industrialising countries, the global garment industry is considered a vehicle for economic and social development, especially for increasing women’s participation in the labour market. At the same time, the garment industry has also been widely criticised for frequent labour rights violations, low wages and bad working conditions. Media and public discourses have focussed largely on private regulatory mechanisms and international labour standards as tools for promoting ‘decent work’ in the global garment industry. However, this chapter argues that lasting improvements for workers can only be achieved through the agency of strong local unions in garment producing countries. Against this background, this chapter introduces two central research questions that remain understudied in existing literature on labour in Global Value Chains (GVCs) and Global Production Networks (GPNs): (1) How do labour control regimes at specific nodes of the garment GPN shape and constrain the terrain for worker and union agency in garment producing countries? (2) Which relationships and interactions enable unionists and workers in garment producing countries to develop strategic capacities and power resources that allow them to shift the capital-labour power balance in favour of workers?
Asymptotic density of states in 2d CFTs with non-invertible symmetries
Authors: Lin Ying-Hsuan , Okada Masaki , Seifnashri Sahand , Tachikawa Yuji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is known that the asymptotic density of states of a 2d CFT in an irreducible representation ρ of a finite symmetry group G is proportional to (dim ρ)2. We show how this statement can be generalized when the symmetry can be non-invertible and is described by a fusion category $$ \mathcal{C} $$
C
. Along the way, we explain what plays the role of a representation of a group in the case of a fusion category symmetry; the answer to this question is already available in the broader mathematical physics literature but not yet widely known in hep-th. This understanding immediately implies a selection rule on the correlation functions, and also allows us to derive the asymptotic density.
Understanding the role of microhabitats in intertidal rock pools to guide future eco-engineering designs
Authors: Schaefer Nina , Mayer-Pinto Mariana , Johnston Emma L. , Dafforn Katherine A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntertidal rock pools support diverse assemblages. While there is much research on the importance of rock pools in supporting mobile diversity on rocky shores, there is limited knowledge regarding the role of physical features (microhabitats) within these habitats. Understanding the features of pools that support diversity is crucial to conserve and potentially mimic these important intertidal habitats in restoration projects. Here, we classified and quantified the types of physical features, hereafter “microhabitats” (overhangs and pits), within rock pools at different locations in and around a highly urbanised estuary, Sydney Harbour, Australia. The use of different microhabitats within rock pools by mobile macro-invertebrates was also examined in one location. We surveyed natural rock pools in summer (2 times) and winter (2 times) at seven sites: two sites from each of the inner and outer zones of Sydney Harbour, and three sites along the open coast of Sydney. We found that the type and size of microhabitats within pools decreased from the coastal towards inner harbour sites. Along the open coast, the richness of mobile taxa increased in rock pools with overhangs or pits. Only rock pools with overhangs had increased mobile abundances, likely driven by the gastropod Nerita melanotragus. Several species occurred in greater frequency in pools with overhangs. There was no effect of pits on abundances. This survey suggests that some microhabitats may play an important role in the diversity and abundance of mobile macro-invertebrates in rock pools. A detailed understanding of the local and regional scales of microhabitats should be used to inform eco-engineering of intertidal foreshores.
Periodic Lorentz gas with small scatterers
Authors: Bálint Péter , Bruin Henk , Terhesiu Dalia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe prove limit laws for infinite horizon planar periodic Lorentz gases when, as time n tends to infinity, the scatterer size $$\rho $$
ρ
may also tend to zero simultaneously at a sufficiently slow pace. In particular we obtain a non-standard Central Limit Theorem as well as a Local Limit Theorem for the displacement function. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first results on an intermediate case between the two well-studied regimes with superdiffusive $$\sqrt{n\log n}$$

n
log
n

scaling (i) for fixed infinite horizon configurations—letting first $$n\rightarrow \infty $$

n
→
∞

and then $$\rho \rightarrow 0$$

ρ
→
0

—studied e.g. by Szász and Varjú (J Stat Phys 129(1):59–80, 2007) and (ii) Boltzmann–Grad type situations—letting first $$\rho \rightarrow 0$$

ρ
→
0

and then $$n\rightarrow \infty $$

n
→
∞

—studied by Marklof and Tóth (Commun Math Phys 347(3):933–981, 2016) .
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 4B induces lipogenesis via the Hippo pathway
Authors: Zou Chen , Tan Hongxi , Zeng Jun , Liu Minqi , Zhang Guangping , Zheng Yi , Zhang Zhanfeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes abnormal lipid metabolism in hepatocytes, which leads to hepatic steatosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B) has been reported to induce lipogenesis, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, western blots were performed to investigate the effect of NS4B protein levels on key effectors of the Hippo and AKT signaling pathways. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and moesin-ezrin-radixin-like protein (Merlin) are effectors of the Hippo pathway. NS4B downregulated Merlin and phosphorylated YAP (p-YAP) protein expression while increasing the expression of the key AKT pathway proteins p-AKT and NF-κB. By observing the levels of AKT pathway proteins when Merlin was overexpressed or silenced, it was determined that Merlin mediates the AKT pathway. We suggest that HCV NS4B may mediate the AKT signaling pathway by inhibiting the Hippo pathway. Lipid droplets were observed in Huh7.5 cells overexpressing NS4B, and they increased significantly in number when Merlin was silenced. Overexpression of NS4B and Merlin silencing enhanced the expression of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs), which have been demonstrated to be key regulatory factors controlling fatty acid synthesis. NS4B and Merlin silencing also enhanced the in vitro proliferative capacity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In conclusion, NS4B induces lipogenesis via the effect of the Hippo-YAP pathway on the AKT signaling pathway and thereby plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HCV-associated diseases.