bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Joint Coordination during Dynamic Balance Learning using Vector Coding and Statistical Parametric Mapping Analyses
Authors: Kim Sungmin , Qu Feng , Wang Yi , Lam Wingkai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the changes in balance performance, kinematic variables, and joint coordination of lower extremities during the entire Y-balance task learning. Twenty female university students completed five consecutive blocks of Y-balance learning from Days 3 to 7 (135 trials), a pre-test and test day were performed on Day 1 and Day 9. Maximum reach distance, peak joint angle, and joint coordination in anterior (AL), posterolateral (PL), and posteromedial (PM) directions were measured to indicate the efficacy of Y-balance performance. An ANOVA with repeated measures was performed for the maximum reach distance across learning blocks to confirm the learning occurred. Paired t-tests were used to compare maximum reach distance and joint angle variables between pre-test and test block to evaluate the differences in lower limb biomechanics. Alpha was set at 0.05. The results indicated that the maximum reach distance on Day 5 was longer than on other Days (p < .05). As for both PL and PM directions, the maximum reach distance was significantly increased after learning (p < .05). Hip flexion (PL/PM), abduction (PM), internal rotation (PM), external rotation (PL) angles were increased after learning. The knee joint flexion angle was increased in AL and PL directions. Only the ankle dorsiflexion angle was increased in the AL direction (p < .05). The joint coordination appeared that the knee and hip joints were performed in internal rotation simultaneously. Ankle and knee joint coordination was performed through dorsiflexion and flexion strategy (p < .05). The SPM analysis indicated, significant differences for ankle sagittal plane of AL direction, hip horizontal, hip/knee sagittal and hip/knee sagittal plane of PL direction, and hip/knee sagittal and hip frontal/horizontal plane of PM direction (p < .05). These data suggest that dynamic balance ability of novice participants can be improved which is related to the coordination pattern changes after learning. The results from this study can apply to other populations to improve dynamic balance for preventing fall injuries.
Compromised VEGFA secretion in Yap deficient alveolar epithelial type 1 cells lung impairs alveolar development and vascularization and aggravates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: He Xi , Gao Ruo-nan , Wang Ai-ping , Chen Lin-yan , Guo Yong-zhe , Zhang Jing , Zhang Yu-rong , Xu Yi-wei , Zhang Xin-tao , Huang Yu , Zhao Ziwen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Disorders of lung development may result in secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a complex condition marked by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and impaired function of the right ventricle. Yes-associated protein (YAP), a pivotal mediator of the Hippo pathway, has gained growing recognition as a vital component in the signaling network that regulates cell behavior during lung development. However, the roles of Yap in both alveolar development and vascularization as well as its involvement in the pathogenesis of PAH remain unknown. By investigating mice with a conditional deletion of YAP specifically in alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) cells, we demonstrate that Yap deficiency results in impaired alveolar development and vascularization, which aligns with the exacerbation of hypoxia-induced PAH. These pathological changes occur concomitant with compromised endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) secretion, a known angiogenic factor required for alveolar development and lung angiogenesis. Rescue experiments confirmed that VEGFA acts as a downstream target of Yap and plays a crucial role in both alveolar development and vascularization. Taken together, these data bear significant implications for comprehending the intricate mechanisms governing alveolar development and pulmonary vascular remodeling, thereby holding great promise for advancing our understanding of Group 3 PAH.
Bayesian estimation of gene constraint from an evolutionary model with gene features
Authors: Zeng Tony , Spence Jeffrey , Mostafavi Hakhamanesh , Pritchard Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Measures of selective constraint on genes have been used for many applications including clinical interpretation of rare coding variants, disease gene discovery, and studies of genome evolution. However, widely-used metrics are severely underpowered at detecting constraint for the shortest ∼25% of genes, potentially causing important pathogenic mutations to be overlooked. We developed a framework combining a population genetics model with machine learning on gene features to enable accurate inference of an interpretable constraint metric, shet. Our estimates outperform existing metrics for prioritizing genes important for cell essentiality, human disease, and other phenotypes, especially for short genes. Our new estimates of selective constraint should have wide utility for characterizing genes relevant to human disease. Finally, our inference framework, GeneBayes, provides a flexible platform that can improve estimation of many gene-level properties, such as rare variant burden or gene expression differences.
General and local predictors of mandibular cortical bone morphology in adult females and males: The seventh survey of the Tromsø Study
Authors: Teterina Anna , Niratisairak Sanyalak , Morseth Bente , Bolstad Napat 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives To analyze factors predicting mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) in adult females and males.
Material and Methods Data on 427 females and 335 males aged 40-84 from The Tromsø study: Tromsø7 were used. T-score, age, menopausal status (for females), remaining teeth, and periodontal status were analyzed in linear and logistic regression analyses as predictors of MCW and MCI, respectively.
Results T-score, age, and the number of remaining teeth significantly predicted MCW in females but not males. Standardized β coefficients were 0.286, -0.231, and 0.131, respectively. The linear regression model explained 24% of MCW variation in females. MCI in females was significantly predicted by T-score, age, and remaining teeth with the Wald values of 9.65, 6.17, and 5.83, respectively. The logistic regression model explained 16.3% - 23% of the variation in MCI in females. In males, T-score was the only significant predictor of the eroded cortex, and the logistic model explained only 4.3% – 5.8% of the variation in MCI.
Conclusions T-score showed a stronger relationship with MCW and MCI than other factors in females, which supports using those indices for osteoporosis screening. In males, T-score and other factors did not show relationships with MCW. T-score was the only significant predictor of MCI in males, yet to a lesser extent than in females, discouraging further studies of MCW and MCI for osteoporosis screening in males.
Clinical relevance: Understanding factors affecting mandibular cortical morphology is essential for further investigations of MCW and MCI usefulness for osteoporosis screening in females and males.
PDIA4: A Novel ER Stress Protein Regulating Hepatic Lipogenesis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Su Sheng-Chiang , Chen Ying-Chen , Chien Chu-Yen , Chiang Chi-Fu , Lin Fu-Huang , Kuo Feng-Chih , Huang Chia-Luen , Li Peng-Fei , Liu Jhih-Syuan , Lu Chieh-Hua , Ho Li-Ju , Hsieh Chang-Hsun , Hung Yi-Jen , Shieh Yi-Shing , Lee Chien-Hsing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is a histological characteristic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatocytes are enriched with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), essential for lipid metabolism. ER stress modulates lipogenesis and hepatic steatosis in hepatocytes, indicating an involvement of unfolded protein response (UPR) components in the NAFLD pathogenesis. Our previous study demonstrated that serum levels of protein disulfide isomerase A4 (PDIA4) correlate with the components of NAFLD. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate PDIA4 role in NAFLD development. We treated HepG2 cells with palmitate to generate an obesity-associated NAFLD cell model and a high-fat diet-induced obesity-associated NAFLD mouse model. We demonstrated that human serum PDIA4 concentration is an independent risk factor for the fatty liver index and is upregulated in the liver tissues of DIO mice and human NAFLD tissue arrays. ER stress and PDIA4 expression increase in palmitate-exposed HepG2 cells. Moreover, palmitate triggers lipid accumulation and increases intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. PDIA4 silencing suppresses palmitate-induced hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells. PDIA4 mediates hepatic steatosis through direct interaction and proteolytic activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), further inducing the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) and hepatic lipogenesis in palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. Additionally, ATF6 acts as an upstream modulator of palmitate-induced PDIA4 upregulation, and its depletion suppresses the stimulatory effect of palmitate on PDIA4 expression and steatosis in HepG2 cells. Our findings indicate a pathological role of PDIA4 in the development of obesity-associated NAFLD.
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells display a temporal evolving inflammatory profile after myocardial infarction and modify myocardial fibroblasts phenotype
Authors: Miquelestorena-Standley Elodie , Silva Ana Valéria Vinhais , Monnier Marina , Chadet Stéphanie , Piollet Marie , Héraud Audrey , Lemoine Roxane , Bochaton Thomas , Derumeaux Geneviève , Roger Sébastien , Ivanes Fabrice , Angoulvant Denis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pathophysiological response after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is described as a three-stage model involving temporal phenotypic modifications of both immune cells and fibroblasts: a primary inflammatory phase, followed by a reparative phase and a fibrous scar maturation phase. Purinergic receptors, particularly the P2Y11 receptor, have been reported to be involved in the regulation of inflammation after ischemia and could act for the resolution of inflammation after AMI. For the first time, we characterized the immuno-inflammatory and P2Y11 expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from AMI patients and analyzed the consequences of presenting these cells to cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. PBMC from 178 patients were collected at various times after reperfused ST-segment elevation AMI, from H0 to M12. Expression level of P2RY11 and genes involved in tolerogenic profile of dendritic cells and T cell polarization were evaluated by RT-PCR. P2Y11 protein expression was assessed by flow cytometry. PBMC and human cardiac fibroblasts (HCF) were cocultured and α-SMA/vimentin ratio was analyzed by flow cytometry. Within the first 48 hours after AMI, expression levels of HMOX1, STAT3 and CD4 increased while IDO1 and TBX21/GATA3 ratio decreased. Concomitantly, the expression of P2RY11 increased in both T and B cells. In vitro, PBMC collected at H48 after AMI induced an increase in α-SMA/vimentin ratio in HCF. Our results suggest that human PBMC display an evolving inflammatory profile with reparative characteristics the first two days after AMI and secrete soluble mediators leading to the myofibroblastic differentiation, thus participating to myocardial fibrosis.
Diagnostic Criteria of Dual Diagnosis Fatty Liver Disease is Better for Fatty Liver Research
Authors: Cheng Yu-Ming , Hsieh Tsung-Han , Wang Chia-Chi , Kao Jia-Horng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background/purpose:
Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) was proposed to replace “non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with new diagnostic criteria. The group meeting two diagnostic criteria is called “Dual diagnosis Fatty Liver Disease (DuFLD)”. The clinical characteristics of “DuFLD” remain unknown.
Methods
This study included participants from the Taiwan Bio-Bank cohort, where NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis in liver ultrasound with exclusion of other known chronic liver diseases. Metabolic dysfunction (MD) was defined as having any of following three criteria: overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), or ≥ 2 metabolic risk abnormalities in lean/normal weight subjects. NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) > 0.675 was defined as advanced liver fibrosis and atherosclerosis was diagnosed if having plaques on carotid duplex ultrasound.
Results
8038 participants (age 55.86 ± 10.12; males 41.07%) diagnosed as NAFLD were included in the final analysis. Of them, 7377 (91.8%) participants with MD were categorized as “DuFLD”, 661 (8.2%) participants without MD were categorized as “NAFLD without MD”. Using propensity score matching for age and sex, “DuFLD” patients had worse metabolic profiles, higher NFS and percentage of carotid plaques than those with “NAFLD without MD”. Multivariate analysis showed age, HT, DM and BMI were positively associated with advanced liver fibrosis, but inverse association with fatty liver index in patients with “DuFLD”.
Conclusions
This population-based study suggests that “DuFLD”, a group with high homogeneity, better identifies higher risk population of advanced liver fibrosis, suggesting the diagnostic criteria of “DuFLD” is better for fatty liver research and future drug development.
Prevalence of senile dementia in adult over 65 years of age: a cross-sectional survey of Hunan Province, China
Authors: Zhou Sijing , Luo Bangan , Zhang Xi , Wang Dongxin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the status, influencing factors and care burden of senile dementia in the population over 65 years old in Hunan Province. To provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of senile dementia.
Method
From April to May 2021, a total of 5979 residents aged ≥65 years old were selected from 30 districts and counties in Hunan Province using the Simplified Community Dementia Scale (CSI-D)/Dementia Early Screening Questionnaire (AD8) as screening tools. Community diagnosis is performed by a neurologist or psychiatrist in combination with the Simple Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE)/Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MOCA). c2 test and the multi-factor logistic regression analysis the influence factors of senile dementia.
Results
The prevalence rate of senile dementia was 13.98%. Old age (OR =1.312, 95%CI: 1.231~1.399), chronic diseases (OR = 1.296, 95%CI: 1.091~1.540), especially hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, living in rural areas (OR =1.688, 95%CI: 1.300 ~2.190) was a risk factor, and high education level (OR=0.678, 95%CI: 0.604~0.762) was a protective factor. The care burden of senile dementia is relatively large, 27.66% of senile dementia patients cause mild to severe distress to their family members or nannies, 12.65% of patients need different degrees of care such as day care or long-term nursing home.
Conclusion
The prevalence rate of senile dementia is high in Hunan Province and the burden of family care is heavy. The society should pay close attention to the physical and mental health of the elderly population and take active intervention measures to improve the prevention and treatment level of dementia in the elderly population.
Embracing Family Presence: Exploring the Reason of Family Decision Making Dependence on in-hospital Palliative Care for Cancer Patients
Authors: Krisdianto Boby Febri , Dahlia Debie , Waluyo Agung 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose:The implementation of home-based palliative care has been recognized as a commendable care model. However, it is noteworthy that families residing in Indonesia exhibit a propensity to predominantly seek palliative care services within hospital environments for their family members afflicted with palliative cancer. Therefore, this research’s aims is to explore the family members' perceived in their decision-making process of caring for the patients at the home of palliative cancer patients.
Method This study qualitative study used a descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 10 Indonesian family members of the palliative cancer patients refusing the discharge and analyzed by using the Collaizi method. Furthermore, the Inclusion criteria were a dominant family who cares patient and lives with patient.
Results Three themes emerged in this study; are (1) lack of support in the decision-making, (2) Families rely on hospitalsand (3) pain and chronic sorrow.
Conclusions Nurses should engage in collaborative partnerships with healthcare providers to inform about patient condition and goal of care. Nurse also need to facilitate families' decision-making processes regarding home palliative care.
Implications for cancer survivors: The implications of this study align with the nursing profession's commitment to patient-centred care and the promotion of shared decision-making. By actively involving family members in the decision-making process and supporting their emotional well-being, nurses can contribute to enhancing the overall quality of care for palliative cancer patients in the home setting.
Safety and efficacy of clonidine hydrochloride extended –release (CLON-XR) for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Chinese children and adolescents: a multi-center, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study
Authors: Du Yasong , Ke Xiaoyan , Gao Feng , Chen Wenxiong , Wu Weige , Li Yaping , Du Lijun , Ye Ying , Zhu Haijian , Cai Linhui , Xie Liyan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
While clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets (CLON-XR) have been approved by FDA for the treatment of ADHD, clinical data regarding its safety and efficacy in Chinese children and adolescents is limited. This present study is the first placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of CLON-XR in the treatment of ADHD children and adolescents in China.
Methods
A total of 75 children with ADHD aged 6 to 17 were randomly assigned to the experimental group and placebo group in the ratio of 2:1, and received treatment for 6 weeks. Data from the Swanson Nolan and Pelham Version-IV (SNAP-IV) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were evaluated. Safety measures included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), vital signs, laboratory assessments and electrocardiograms.
Results
ADHD symptoms had been significantly improved after treatment of CLON-XR since the first week. At week 5, the decrease in SNAP-IV total scores in CLON-XR group (17.5 ± 11.86) was statistically significantly more than that in the placebo group (10.3 ± 11.43; p < 0.05), and the degree of improvement in the SNAP-IV hyperactivity/ impulsivity and inattention subscale and the CGI scale in the experimental group from baseline to week 5 was also statistically significantly higher than that in the placebo group (p < 0.05). CLON-XR was effective in the treatment of ADHD, regardless of age and gender. The incidence of TEAEs in CLON-XR group was comparable to that in placebo group, and the TEAEs were mild and the dropout rate was low (5.3%).
Conclusions
The nonstimulant medication CLON-XR can significantly improve the core symptoms (attention deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity) and overall function in ADHD patients with no addiction, mild adverse reactions, and good compliance and tolerability. It has the potential to improve sleep efficiency and can be considered a recommended drug for the treatment of ADHD children and adolescents in China.
Transarterial chemoembolization plus lenvatinib with or without programmed death-1 inhibitors for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A negative result
Authors: Ding Zongren , Fang Guoxu , Zhang Bing , Zeng Yongyi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Our aim was to explore whether programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors would improve the prognosis of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus lenvatinib.
Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, patients with unresectable HCC who underwent TACE and were administered lenvatinib with or without PD-1 inhibitors were enrolled and divided into the TACE + lenvatinib group and TACE + lenvatinib + PD-1 group. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and tumor response were assessed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST v1.1 and mRECIST). Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 5.0).
Results: In total, 35 eligible patients with unresectable HCC were included; 82.9% of patients had Hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection, and 88.6% of patients had liver cirrhosis. A total of 88.6% of patients had multiple tumors, and the median diameter of the largest tumor was 10.1 cm. A total of 14.3% of patients had extrahepatic metastasis, and 51.4% of patients had portal vein tumor thrombus. The percentages of BCLC stages A, B and C were 5.7%, 28.6% and 65.7%, respectively. There were 16 patients in the TACE + lenvatinib group and 19 patients in the TACE + lenvatinib + PD-1 group. The median follow-up time was 7.7 months (ranging from 1.7–31.6 months). Neither group reached the median overall survival. Under RECIST v1.1 criteria, the median PFS was 10.4 and 7.9 months in the TACE + lenvatinib and TACE + lenvatinib + PD-1 groups (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.45–2.84; P = 0.80), the objective response rates (ORR) were 31.3% and 31.6% (p > 0.05), and the disease control rates (DCR) were 93.8% and 78.9% (p > 0.05), respectively. Under mRECIST criteria, the median PFS was 10.4 and 10.1 months (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.38–2.54, P = 0.97), the ORR was 62.5% and 63.2% (p > 0.05), and the DCR was 93.8% and 73.7% (p > 0.05), respectively. Overall, AEs were relatively similar between the two groups.
Conclusion: PD-1 inhibitors did not improve the PFS and tumor response of unresectable HCC treated with TACE plus lenvatinib. Hepatitis B infection, liver cirrhosis, portal vein tumor thrombus, multiple tumors and large tumor diameter may be potential factors that affect the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors but need further validation.
The Patch-type Multi-lead Electrocardio Multiparameter Monitoring Diagnostic Instruments and Their New-type Wireless Remote Connected Ecosystem
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wu Bo , Liu Shuntian , Zhao Tongbing , Tan Zhaoping , Zhu Xiaoqiang , Yan Xiaohong , Qi Xiaomin , Tang Jinhai , Li Wei , Li Zejiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Wearable ECG, respiration, blood pressure, blood oxygen, body temperature, blood sugar multiparameter monitoring devices with wireless remote monitoring function is of great significance for the assessment of cardiovascular health and detection of acute myocardial ischemia and yocardial infarction,and clinical management of critically ill patients or surgical patients1,2,3,4,5. However, due to the large size of traditional devices, traditional cardiac function monitoring methods cannot provide wireless remote monitoring1,2,3,6,7,8. Here we report a wearable patch-type multi-lead ECG multiparameter monitoring instrument3,4,5 and its new-type wireless remote connected ecosystem9,10,11,12 for wireless remote cardiac function assessment. We describe innovations in the design and material manufacturing of the devices that allow a complete one-time remote real-time examination of the patient's left ventricle and its posterior wall, right ventricle from different angles. We propose an new-type wireless remote connected ecosystem based on the B/S architecture (Browser-Server Mode) of the Wide Area Network covering all clinical application scenarios and medical services items13 of the cardiac cardiovascular system. We developed a complete set of AI detection and diagnosis models that automatically classifies common 28 categories of cardiovascular health and disease. This technology can realize wireless remote cardiac function monitoring and diagnosis, greatly improving the accuracy of ECG multiparameter monitoring diagnosis.