bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant Leaf Disease Detection and Classification Using Segmentation Encoder Techniques
Authors: Trivedi Payal , Narayan Yogendra , Ravi Vinayakumar , Kumar Prashant , Kaur Prabhjot , Tabianan Kayalvily , Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj 
Published: January 2025

Aims
Agriculture is one of the fundamental elements of human civilization. Crops and plant leaves are susceptible to many illnesses when grown for agricultural purposes. There may be less possibility of further harm to the plants if the illnesses are identified and classified accurately and early on.

Background
Plant leaf diseases are typically predicted and classified by farmers tediously and inaccurately. Manual identification of diseases may take more time and may not accurately detect the disease. There could be a major drop in production if crop plants are destroyed due to slow detection and classification of plant illnesses. Radiologists used to segment leaf lesions manually, which takes a lot of time and work.

Objective
It is established that deep learning models are superior to human specialists in the diagnosis of lesions on plant leaves. Here, the “Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN)” based encoder-decoder architecture is suggested for the semantic segmentation of leaf lesions.

Methods
A proposed semantic segmentation model is based on the Dense-Net encoder. The LinkNet-34 segmentation model performance is compared with two other models, SegNet and PSPNet. Additionally, the two encoders, ResNeXt and InceptionV3, have been compared to the performance of DenseNet-121, the encoder used in the LinkNet-34 model. After that, two different optimizers, such as Adam and Adamax, are used to optimize the proposed model.

Results
The DenseNet-121 encoder utilizing Adam optimizer has been outperformed by the LinkNet-34 model, with a dice coefficient of 95% and a Jaccard Index of 93.2% with a validation accuracy of 97.57%.

Conclusion
The detection and classification of leaf disease with deep learning models gives better results in comparison with other models.
Protective Effect of Platycodin D on Allergic Rhinitis in Mice through DPP4/JAK2/STAT3 Pathway Inhibition
Authors: Jia Qiaojing , Liu Zhichang , Wang Caixia , Yang Bingyi , Zhang Xiangjian , Shan Chunguang , Wang Jianxing 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory condition characterized by nasal mucosa remodeling, driven by Immunoglobulin E (IgE). Platycodin D
(PLD) exhibits a wide range of bioactive properties

Aim:
The aim of this work was to investigate the potential protective effects of PLD on AR, as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Methods:
The anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory potential of PLD was investigated in an ovalbumin-sensitized AR mouse model and human nasal mucosa
cells (HNEpC) challenged with interleukin-13 combined with PLD. Our assessment included an examination of nasal symptoms, tissue pathology,
and goblet cell hyperplasia. The levels of IgE, Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin-4 in the serum were detected using Enzyme-linked
Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Furthermore, quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and ELISA were employed to
determine the expressions of IL-1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6 in in vivo and in vitro settings. Western blot analysis was
conducted to investigate the changes in DPP4/JAK2/STAT3 in vivo and in vitro.

Results:
Our results demonstrated that oral administration of PLD significantly ameliorated nasal symptoms in AR mice, improved histopathological
changes in the nasal mucosa, raised the level of IFN-γ, and reduced IgE as well as IL-4 levels in the serum. PLD inhibited the expressions of IL-1β,
IL-6, TNF-α, and DPP4 in in vivo and in vitro settings. Notably, PLD modulated the changes in DPP4, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 induced by IL-13 in
HNEpC cells and AR mice.

Conclusion:
The findings suggested the potential of PLD as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of AR.
Multi-view 3D Reconstruction based on Context Information Fusion and Full Scale Connection
Authors: Wang Yunyan , Luo Yuhao , Xiong Chao 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Multi-view stereo matching is the reconstruction of a three-dimensional
point cloud model from multiple views. Although the learn-based method achieves excellent results
compared with the traditional method, the existing multi-view stereo matching method will
lose the underlying details when extracting features due to the deepening of the number of convolutional
layers, which will affect the quality of subsequent reconstruction.

Objective:
The objective of this approach is to improve the integrity and accuracy of 3D reconstruction,
and obtain a 3D point cloud model with richer texture and more complete structure.

Methods:
Firstly, a context-semantic information fusion module is constructed in the feature extraction
network FPN, and the feature maps containing rich context information can be obtained
by using multi-scale dense connections.Subsequently, a full-scale jump connection is introduced
in the regularization process to capture the shallow level of detail information and deep level of
semantic information at the full scale, and capture the texture features of the scene more accurately,
so as to carry out reliable depth estimation.

Results:
The experimental results on DTU dataset show that the proposed CU-MVSNet reduces
the completeness error by 3.58%, the accuracy error by 3.7%, and the overall error by 3.51%
compared with the benchmark network. It also shows good generalization on TnT dataset.

Conclusion:
The CU-MVSNet method proposed in this paper can improve the completeness and
accuracy of 3D reconstruction, and obtain a 3D point cloud model with more detailed texture and
more complete structure.
Current Status and Challenges of Planetary Health Education: A Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Shoji Yayoi , Suzuki Kana , Tamai Nao , Kohta Masushi 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The impacts of climate change, such as air pollution and abnormal weather, are becoming more apparent and threatening to human health. In response, the concept of planetary health was proposed in 2015 based on the recognition that human and Earth health are closely related, and the general public needs to improve the health and sustainability of ecosystems through a comprehensive approach. As economic development and human longevity progress, the burden on the Earth’s environment will increase; however, systematic methods for education and planetary health practices have not yet been established.

OBJECTIVE

This study will aim to clarify the current status and challenges of planetary health-related education, thus providing material for future curriculum development.

METHODS

A scoping review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines will be conducted using the Population-Concept-Context framework. Without a defined target period, original articles and conference proceedings published in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be searched, and the findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.

RESULTS

Data collection is scheduled to begin in May 2024 and conclude by March 2025. Preliminary data analysis will take place in April 2025, with results expected to be published by May 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will identify the current status and challenges of planetary health education. The findings will contribute to developing future curricula that promote ecosystem health and sustainability.
What are Deep Disagreements?
Authors: Arroyo Gustavo javier 
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The scholarship on deep disagreements presents us with a considerable number of seemingly disparate characterizations concerning the nature of these disputes. This paper is motivated by the desire to grasp what these characterizations are. An answer is provided through the method of reconstructive analysis. Two ideal and paradigmatic models of deep disagreements are defined initially. Then, individual characterizations found in the scholarship are examined against the background of such models. Special attention is given to Fogelin’s paper, the work that initiates modern discussion on deep disagreements. According to the interpretation provided in the following paper, both models inadvertently coexist in this seminal work.

Résumé: Les études sur les désaccords profonds nous présentent un nombre considérable de propriétés apparemment disparates concernant la nature de ces conflits. La rédaction de cet article est motivée par le désir de comprendre quelles sont ces propriétés. Une réponse est fournie par la méthode de l'analyse reconstructive. Deux modèles idéaux et paradigmatiques des désaccords profonds sont d'abord définis. Ensuite, les propriétés individuelles trouvées dans les études sont examinées dans le contexte de ces modèles. Une attention particulière est accordée à l'article de Fogelin, l'ouvrage qui initie la discussion moderne sur les désaccords profonds. Selon l'interprétation fournie dans l'article suivant, les deux modèles coexistent par inadvertance dans cet ouvrage fondateur.
Reply to Yu and Zenker
Authors: Freeman James 
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Yu and Zenker (2022) argue that the oft-made distinction between convergent and linked argument structure is problematic. If their account holds, the linked/convergent distinction, at least as I have characterized it (Freeman 2011), seems to violate the dictum that structural analysis should come before evaluation. In this Reply I defend the position that we do not need to estimate or determine argument strength to determine whether the premises of an argument are linked or convergent.

Résumé: Yu et Zenker (2022) soutiennent que la distinction souvent faite entre structure d’argumentation convergente et structure d’argumentation liée est problématique. Si leur explication est valable, la distinction liée/convergente, du moins telle que je l’ai caractérisée (Freeman 2011), semble violer le dicton selon lequel l’analyse structurelle doit précéder l’évaluation. Dans cette réponse, je défends la position selon laquelle nous n’avons pas besoin d’estimer ou de déterminer la force de l’argument pour déterminer si les prémisses d’un argument sont liées ou convergentes.
Karakteristik Pellet dari Bagas Tebu
Authors: Haryanto Agus , Pratama Yuko Armandho , Triyono Sugeng , Suharyatun Siti 
Published: January 2025

Sugarcane bagasse is the remaining solid waste from sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum) milling which has the potential to be developed as solid fuel in the form of pellets. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in pressure and particle size on the characteristics of pellets from sugarcane bagasse. The research was carried out with a combination of variations in particle size (fine, medium, and coarse) and pressure (1, 2, and 3 tons). The results showed that sugarcane bagasse has the potential to be developed as a pellet fuel because it has a relatively high calorific value, an average of 16.53 MJ/kg. Sugarcane bagasse pellets meet SNI 8675-2018 standards in terms of moisture content, density, and ash content. The results showed that although the ash content of the pellets was affected by the particle size, in general, the characteristics of the pellets were not significantly affected by the treatment factors (pressure and particle size as well as their interactions). Sugarcane bagasse pellets have a high water absorption capacity, so they require a good storage method. Keywords: Densification, Density, Pressure, Particl Size, Strength
The effect of heating therapy on the blood profile of white rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Junihensari Ni Made Eva , Wiratmini Ngurah Intan , Ermayanti Ni Gusti Ayu Manik 
Published: January 2025

A decrease in the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin levels was one of the complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). One of the treatments for DM patients used Heating Therapy (HT). Heating Therapy is a treatment in the form of heat exposure which can cause increased expression of heat shock protein (HSP), improve glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and improve insulin signaling. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of heating therapy on the blood profile of mice. This research used a Complete Random Plan, which had five treatments and six replications. Rats without treatment (K-), diabetic rats (K+), rats given HT at 37°C for 10 minutes (P1), HT at 37°C for 20 minutes (P2) and HT at 37°C for 30 minutes (P3)). Heating Therapy was given every day for 3 weeks. One-way ANOVA test was used to analyze research data. If there was a significant difference (P <0.05), then proceed with the Duncan post-hoc test. The results showed that the control group and the treated group of mice given HT had significant differences (P <0.05). By giving HT at a temperature of 37°C for 10 minutes was effective in increasing hemoglobin levels and improving the number of platelet cells in diabetic mice.
Identifikasi jamur endofit dari tumbuhan Sonneratia alba J. E. Smith dan potensi antagonisnya terhadap jamur Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler
Authors: Angkur Reinardus Bonfilio , Sudirga Sang Ketut , Hardini Junita 
Published: January 2025

Alternaria alternata adalah jamur patogen penyebab penyakit early blight tanaman tomat yang mengakibatkan penurunan produksi mencapai 79% di beberapa negara. Solusi biokontrol alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah ini dapat memanfaatkan jamur endofit yang berasosiasi dengan tumbuhan mangrove. Tumbuhan mangrove Sonneratia alba memiliki banyak senyawa bioaktif dan strain jamur endofit yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan di bidang agrikultur hingga farmakologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jamur endofit dari tumbuhan S. alba dan mengetahui kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur A. alternata. Hasil penelitian teridentifikasi 5 spesies jamur endofit, salah satunya Penicillium sp. yang memiliki penghambatan tertinggi terhadap A. alternata sebesar 73,96 ± 2,24%. Filtrat jamur endofit Penicillium sp. KPM-2.1 secara signifikan (P?0,05) menunjukkan daya hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 100% (v/v) terhadap koloni A. alternata, yakni sebesar 37,76 ± 1,97%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa filtrat jamur Penicillium sp. KPM-2.1 kurang efektif sebagai antagonis A. alternata dibandingkan filtrat jamur endofit pembanding Trichoderma harzianum KPD-1, yakni sebesar 72,64 ± 1,90%.
Combined Effects of Exposure To Risk Factors: Impact on Psychosocial Risk Factors in Construction Workers
Authors: Farias Ana Maria Batista , Cruz Felipe Mendes Da , Veloso Neto Hernâni , Arezes Pedro Miguel 
Published: January 2025

Objective: This article aims to demonstrate the influence of physical risks on psychosocial risks in construction workers.

Theoretical framework: Traditional risk assessment methods analyze factors in isolation. However, when performing activities, it is common for more than one risk factor to be present simultaneously, and their combined effects on the body are still little studied.

Method: The research seeks to identify this correlation between physical and psychosocial risks through a case study conducted with construction workers.

Results and Discussion: The data show that the effects of vibrations exerted by machines during work undergo adaptation by the body, the effects of heat on the body decrease throughout the day, while the effects of noise increase throughout the day.

Implications of the research: The relationship between physical risks and psychosocial risks represented by the effect on the worker's body is evident. Combined effects of physical risk factors on Mean Response Time and Heart Rate, consequently causing psychosocial risks, can be explained through multiple linear models.

Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the practical attributions of risks in the performance of construction workers' activities and their combined actions.
Evaluation of the Effect of Different Intraorifice Barrier Materials on Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth (An in vitro study)
Authors: Hamed Abdullah Marwa , Hameed Aljubori Sawsan 
Published: January 2025

Background: Endodontic failure can be caused by the teeth's lack of strength after endodontic treatment, which leads to post-endodontic vertical root fracture. The intra-orifice barrier is a trustworthy reinforcement method for endodontically treated teeth as a result. Aim: To determine how three distinct restorative materials (Ever X Flow, Cention forte, and Bio-C sealer ION) assist in resisting fracture endodontically treated teeth using a universal testing machine. Materials and Method: This study used fifty human mandibular premolars to investigate the effect of different intraorifice barrier cavity fillings on fracture resistance. The roots were prepared and obturated with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. The coronal 3-mm of gutta-percha was removed to receive the intraorifice materials, except for Group I which had a fully obturated root canal without intraorifice barrier cavity preparation. The roots were then divided into different groups based on the type of intraorifice barrier cavity filling used. All groups underwent thermo-cycling aging before fracture resistance analysis was performed. Results: Generally, Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth was significantly affected by the type of intraorifice barrier at(p<0.05); the results indicated that Group II showed the least fracture strength among all groups, While Group III (Ever X Flow) showed maximum fracture resistance followed by Group IV (Cention forte), Group I (positive control) and finally Group V (Bio-C sealer ION). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the current investigation, using Ever X Flow, Cention forte, and Bio-C sealer ION as an intra-orifice barrier may help strengthen teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment. When compared to the positive control group ((Fully obturated root canal without intraorifice barrier cavity preparation), the Bio-C sealer ION did not significantly increase the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots.
Incidental Finding of Torus Palatinus and Mandibularis by CBCT
Authors: Jameel Resha , Ahmed Najm Areej , A. Hadi Farah , H. Al-Nakib Lamia 
Published: January 2025

Background: Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis are benign bony growth or exostosis, localized to the roof of the maxilla and the alveolar surface of the mandible with nodular, flat or pedunculated shape.This study aimed to assess the shape,size, site &location of torus palatinus &torus mandibularis in relation to age& gender among Iraqi sample utilizing cone beam computed tomography.
Materials &methods: retrospective study performed by examination of 2000 CBCT images searching for tori, from the archives of radiology clinic at College of Dentistry / Baghdad University and other private dental center in Baghdad city. Tori shape (lobular or nodular), size (small, medium or large), site (unilateral, bilateral or middle), and location or surface (buccle, lingual or palatal) were evaluated in both male and female with age ranged between (20- 40 and above)y.
Results: Tori were found in 20 patients only, so it regarded to be rare in Iraqi sample, and no statistically significant differences in distribution was found between male and female. Higher percentage of tori was reported in 20-29 age group, with no statistically significant differences appeared between Torus palatinus and Torus mandibularis. No differences in tori shape, and position was found.
Conclusion: Torus palatinus and mandibularis had an impact on occlusal stress, occlusal force, parafunctional habits and temporomandibular joint disorders. It’s of great importance to be detected and evaluated before any dental or surgical intervention
Investigation the Effect of Hydrothermal Aging on the Microstructural, Physical, and Color Stability of Different Dental Ceramics. (An in vitro Study)
Authors: Abass Jassem Hussam , Anwar Agha Maha 
Published: January 2025

Рurроse: To evaluate the influence of thermocycling on the microstructural, physical, and color stability of three CAD/CAM ceramic materials.
Materials and Method: In total, 93 specimens (7×5×1.5mm) were prepared from lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), Extra translucent zirconia (VITA YZ), and resin nanoceramic (Cerasmart 270). All the materials was A2 or equivalent shades. The samples were obtained as directed by the manufacturer. these were samples exposed to thermocycling at 5 to 55 C in distilled water for (10.000 cycles). Color stainability, surface roughness, microhardness and surface microstructure were measured and assessed prior and after thermocycling. The Statistical analysis were performed with a Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, independent Kruskal-wallis test and Pearsons’s correlation analysis. The significant level was set at P ≤ 0.05.
Results: prior and after hydrothermal aging Cerasmart presented the lowest hardness value . VITA XT exhibited the highest hardness value . The surface roughness had the maximum level of exhibition in VITA XT group . lithium disilicate exhibited the lowest surface roughness values . Cerasmart showed the highest color changes values (∆E) after hydrothermal aging , lithium disilicate showed the lowest (∆E) values . after the hydrothermal aging the hardness of VITA XT increased significantly . surface roughness of lithium disilicate increased significantly after aging . for stain ability all the materials used in this study was within the clinically accepted threshold < 3.3 .
Conclusion: Cerasmart showed least degree of hardness before and after aging and highest stainability after aging . Before and after aging, VITA XT showed the highest levels of hardness and surface roughness. lithium disilicate presented the lowest stainability , lowest surface roughness prior and after aging .
Comparative Estimation the Influence of Core Material (Zircon) and Surface Treatment on The Fracture Resistance of Some Ceramic Material
Authors: Fouad Karkosh Shahrazad , Essa Alwan Lateef  , Nazar Alwahab Zahraa 
Published: January 2025

Background: Ceramic is very essential in the science of dental biomaterials. successfully in dentistry zirconia restorations have been utilized because of their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Zirconia cores are generally veneered with porcelain duo to lack of translucency, this make restorations weaker by means of miss of the cohesion between veneering ceramic and core material, the goal of the present study to estimate the influence of core material (zirconia) and surface treatment up on fracture resistance of some ceramic material.
Methods: Forty samples of zirconia were fabricated by (Computer adding design/Computer adding manufacture technique. Samples were split randomly for four groups depending on their surface treatment , each group contains 10 samples .Group Zirconia control: Samples without surface treatment (control group).Group Zirconia sand plast: Samples sandblasted with 50µm of AL2O3particles.Group Zirconia potassium hydrogen difluoride :samples etched with 70 mg concentration of potassium hydrogen difluoride .Group Zirconia Combination: samples sandblasted with 50µm of AL2O3particles and etched with70 mg concentration of potassium hydrogen difluoride. Scanning electron microscope at different magnification was used to detect the morphological alteration of the zirconia following surface treatment.2mm veneering ceramic was put on all samples. Then sintering and glazing. fracture resistance of all samples was measured by universal testing machine. Statistical test perfect utilizing SPSS software. Results: In (Zirconia Combination) group the data analysis manifested that highest mean of fracture resistance values was, while the lowest mean of fracture resistance values was for (Zirconia Control) and (Zirconia Sand Blast) groups. Conclusion: Due to the time constraints of this study, using of different surface treatments with Zirconia substructures were more effective on the values of fracture resistance.