bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De novo design of a novel AIE fluorescent probe tailored to autophagy visualization via pH manipulation
Authors: Huang Xueyan , Chen Fei , Ma Yeshuo , Zheng Fan , Fang Yanpeng , Feng Bin , Huang Shuai , Zeng Hongliang , Zeng Wenbin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Macroautophagy is an essential cellular self-protection mechanism, and defective autophagy has been considered to contribute to a variety of diseases. During the process, cytoplasmic components are transported via autophagosomes to acidic lysosomes for metabolism and recycling, which represents application niches for lysosome-targeted fluorescent probes. And in view of the complexity of the autophagy pathway, it entails more stringent requirements for probes suitable for monitoring autophagy. Meanwhile, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescent probes have been impressively demonstrated in the biomedical field, which bring fascinating possibilities to the autophagy visualization.
Methods
We reported a generalizable de novo design of a novel pH-sensitive AIE probe ASMP-AP tailored to lysosome targeting for the interpretation of autophagy. Firstly, the theoretical calculation was carried out followed by the investigation of optical properties. Then, the performance of ASMP-AP in visualizing autophagy was corroborated by starvation or drugs treatments. Furthermore, the capability of ASMP-AP to monitor autophagy was demonstrated in ex vivo liver tissue and zebrafish in vivo.
Results
ASMP-AP displays a large stokes shift, great cell permeability and good biocompatibility. More importantly, ASMP-AP enables a good linear response to pH, which derives from the fact that its aggregation state can be manipulated by the acidity. It was successfully applied for imaging autophagy in living cells and was proved capable of monitoring mitophagy. Moreover, this novel molecular tool was validated by ex vivo visualization of activated autophagy in drug-induced liver injury model. Interestingly, it provided a meaningful pharmacological insight that the melanin inhibitor 1-phenyl-2-thiourea (PTU)-induced autophagy was clearly presented in wild-type zebrafish.
Conclusions
ASMP-AP offers a simple yet effective tool for studying lysosome and autophagy. This is the first instance to visualize autophagy in zebrafish using a small-molecule probe with AIE characters, accurate lysosome targeting and simultaneous pH sensitivity. Ultimately, this novel fluorescent system has great potential for in vivo translation to fuel autophagy research.
Feasibility of hip dysplasia screening in primary care clinics via AI-augmented point-of-care ultrasound.
Authors: Jaremko Jacob , Hareendranathan Abhilash Rakkunedeth , Bolouri Ehsan Seyed , Frey Rod , Dulai Sukhdeep , Bailey Allan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common cause of premature osteoarthritis. This osteoarthritis can be prevented if DDH is detected by ultrasound and treated in infancy, but universal DDH screening is generally not cost-effective due to the need for experts to perform the scans.
Questions/purposes: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of having non-expert primary care clinic staff perform DDH ultrasound using handheld ultrasound with artificial intelligence (AI) decision support.
Patients and Methods: We performed an implementation study evaluating the FDA-cleared MEDO-Hip AI app interpreting cine-sweep images obtained from handheld Philips Lumify probe to detect DDH. Initial scans were done by nurses or family physicians in 3 primary care clinics, trained by video, powerpoint slides and brief in-person. When the AI app recommended follow-up, we first performed internal follow-up by a sonographer using the AI app; cases still considered abnormal by AI were referred to pediatric orthopedic clinic for assessment.
Results: We performed 369 scans in 306 infants. Internal follow-up rates were initially 40% for nurses and 20% for physicians, declining steeply to 14% after ~60 cases/site: 4% technical failure, 8% normal at sonographer follow-up using AI, and 2% confirmed DDH. Of 6 infants referred to pediatric orthopedic clinic, all were treated for DDH (100% specificity); 4 had no risk factors and may not have otherwise been identified.
Conclusions: Real-time AI decision support and a simplified portable ultrasound protocol enabled lightly trained primary care clinic staff to perform hip dysplasia screening with follow-up and case detection rates similar to costly conventional ultrasound screening performed by experts. This highlights the potential utility of AI-supported portable ultrasound in primary care.
Level of Evidence: This study uses data from consecutive patients and would be classified as Level 3 evidence
Interrogating microglial engulfment of synaptic terminals and myelin using FEAST
Authors: Dissing-Olesen Lasse , Walker Alec , FENG Qian , Barr Helena , Walker Alicia , Xie Lili , Wilton Daniel , Das Indrani , Benowitz Larry , Stevens Beth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although engulfment is a hallmark of microglia function, fully validated platforms that facilitate high-throughput quantification of this process are lacking. We therefore developed FEAST (Flow cytometric Engulfment Assay for Synaptic Terminals) to enable interrogation of in vivo engulfment of synaptic material by brain resident macrophages at single-cell resolution. We optimized FEAST for two different analyses: quantification of fluorescent material inside live cells and of engulfed endogenous proteins within fixed cells. To overcome false-positive engulfment signal, we introduced an approach suitable for interrogating engulfment in microglia from perfusion-fixed tissue. As a proof-of-concept for the specificity and versatility of FEAST, we examined the engulfment of synaptic proteins after optic nerve crush as well as myelin in two models of demyelination and found that microglia, but not other brain-associated macrophages, engulf in these contexts. Our work underscores how FEAST can be utilized to gain critical insight into functional neuro-immune interactions that shape development, homeostasis, and disease.
Assessment of Indoor Particulate Matter Emissions in Civil Engineering Laboratories
Authors: Zumrut Irem Bayram , Kale Ozge Akboga , Tetik Yilmaz Ogunc , Baradan Selim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the departments of civil engineering, many experiments are conducted in laboratories for educational and research purposes. Varying degrees of respirable dust is generated as the outcome of these experiments which could cause harm to instructors’ and students’ health. This study is devised to highlight the importance of indoor air quality in university laboratories. As part of the research, four different particulate matter (PM) sizes (PM1.0, PM2.5, PM4.0, and PM10) were measured during specific experiments—sieve analysis, preparation of concrete mixture, crushing aggregate by jaw crusher, dynamic triaxial compression test, sieve analysis of silt specimen, cleaning sieve by air compressor and proctor compaction test—being conducted periodically in the laboratories of civil engineering departments. The measured values are mainly high compared to the indoor air quality standards. Recommendations are suggested to reduce indoor air PM levels and control measures were applied to the three experiments which contain the highest PM levels. The results have shown that control measures could make a remarkable difference to protect the instructors and civil engineering students.
An Improved Approximation of Interval Specific Estimates of Parameters for Biological Growth Models
Authors: Karim Md Aktar Ul , Bhowmick Amiya Ranjan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Biological growth curves are used to make predictions about natural growth phenomena and have an excellent record of success in several disciplines. A conventional approach is to treat the growth equations as mechanistic nonlinear models and fit them to real data sets by nonlinear least squares or maximum likelihood method. Bhowmick et al. (2014)'s method explicitly utilized the functional form of growth equations and obtained interval-specific estimates of parameters. These estimates have been found to perform better in estimating relative growth rate (RGR) and have the potential for selecting the best model from a set of competitive nonlinear models. Indeed the model-specific estimates of RGR have already been used in growth studies for model selection purposes. However, its computation involves a lengthy mathematical calculation, and many times explicit expressions for the interval-specific estimators are not available that are a function of data alone. For highly nonlinear models, where the parameters are non-linearly related, the computation of interval estimates is almost impossible and may suffer from significant approximation errors. We propose a computational approach to obtain interval estimates of parameters based on the maximum likelihood estimation method. The likelihood function is maximized using the data on smaller intervals. We found that the proposed strategy provides stable estimates compared to an existing approach involving several steps of mathematical calculations. It is also found to be robust when the process error has a significant variance. In addition, it does not require manual mathematical manipulation, instead, it uses available optimizers in software packages efficiently, therefore, giving more accessibility to the practitioners. The validity of the proposed estimation process has been carried out by both simulation studies and real data sets.
Effectiveness of keratinized mucosa augmentation procedures around dental implants based on risk assessment: a 5-year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Jing , Xie Chao , Wei Hong-bo , Yu Zhuo , Li De-Hua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Evidence on the decision-making of keratinized mucosa (KM) augmentation procedures around dental implants is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of KM augmentation with different techniques around dental implants based on risk assessment.
Materials and methods: Thirty-nine patients who underwent KM augmentation at implant sites in the posterior mandible were included. Three different techniques were used based on risk assessment: apically positioned flap (APF alone), apically positioned flap plus free gingival graft (APF plus FGG), and apically positioned flap plus collagen matrix (APF plus CM). Keratinized mucosa width (KMW), implant/prosthesis survival rates, and bone/soft tissue parameters were analyzed. The correlation between local anatomy characteristics and different techniques was tested separately. The association between KM augmentation outcomes and related factors was analyzed using linear model.
Results: In overall, 74 sites received KM augmentation in the lower jaw, with an effective rate of 94.6% in 1-year follow-up and 93.2% in 5-year follow-up.KMW for APF plus FGG group (3.85±1.22 mm) appeared to be higher than those for APF alone group (3.05±0.90 mm) and APF plus CM group (3.21±1.17 mm) after 5 years. There was no significant difference on the effective/ineffective outcomes in 1-year and 5-year follow-up among the three groups.
Conclusions: Comparable effective outcomes would be achieved with three different KM augmentation techniques following the decision-making criterion based on risk assessment.
Study registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200062113)
Clinical Relevance
Scientific rationale for study: The clinical effectiveness of KM augmentation procedures around implants has been documented. However, limited studies reported detailed anatomical characteristics and evidence on the decision-making of KM augmentation procedures around dental implants is lacking.
Principal findings: APF plus FGG could achieve more KW than APF alone and APF plus CM, though there was no significant difference on the effective/ineffective outcomes in 5-year follow-up.
Practical implications:Risk assessment according to anatomical characteristics is necessary before the KM augmentation surgery. Comparable effective outcomes can be achieved with different KM augmentation techniques following the decision-making criterion based on risk assessment.
Parinaud’s syndrome caused by a cerebral infarction in a Covid positive child secondary to diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Khalatyan Garik , Boschi Antonella , Duprez Thierry , Coutel Maëlle , de Clety Stéphan Clément , Nassogne Marie-Cécile 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cerebral infarction is a very rare complication of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) which is a
metabolic disorder caused by insulin deficiency. A previously healthy 6-year-old boy with a
newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes mellitus presented with a severe DKA. The patient, who
tested positive for SARS-CoC-2 nasopharyngeal PCR, developed about 72 hours after
admission a Parinaud’s syndrome (PS), also known as dorsal midbrain syndrome, which is
described as an up-gaze saccadic paresis, a convergence-retraction nystagmus, a light-near
dissociation of the pupils and occasionally a lid retraction. The brain magnetic resonance
imaging revealed an ischemic infarction in the left thalamus and the thalamo-mesencephalic
junction with a slight extension in the midbrain tegmentum. His symptoms improved
gradually and at 3-weeks follow-up he had a full neuro-ophthalmological recovery.
By describing a Parinaud syndrome as a neuro-ophthalmologic complication in
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) crisis, which, to our best knowledge, has not been described yet,
our case expands the knowledge of the neurological manifestations occurring in
children during diabetic ketoacidosis and reiterates the importance to keep those patients
under strict neurological monitoring for at least 72 hours, especially in severe DKA and to
request early brain imaging for any child with neurological deterioration.
Perception of women survivors of sexual violence regarding sexual and reproductive health in conflict settings, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Kimoni Glorieux Bikyeombe , Martin Ravonna , Mukengere Denis Mukwege , Ntamwenge Sifa Naweza , Kerchove Cathleen , Goelz Audrey C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Survivors have a particular understanding of sexual and reproductive health issues. The armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is known for the increased use of rape as a weapon of war. This study analyzes sexual and reproductive health issues among survivors of sexual violence in conflict settings in the DRC.
Methods
The study is qualitative analysis of those affected over 10 days. The study population consisted of 61 survivors of sexual violence including adolescents aged 10 to 19 and females aged 20 to 40. 6 adolescent girls and 55 young women survivors receiving psychosocial follow-up were part of the study. Information was collected using 4 focus groups conducted at two sites in the South Kivu region (Kavumu and Bunyakiri). Discussions were transcribed into a composition book and analyzed according to context.
Results
Methods to avoid pregnancy are generally unknown in the adolescent cohort. The girls were unaware of the consequences of unprotected sex, or HIV and AIDS. The more mature women, for their part, unanimously refute the practice of voluntary termination of pregnancy. They are aware of the efficacy of contraception though it is not in common use. Early marriage is not condoned by them.
Conclusion
The psychosocial and medical impact of conflict-related sexual violence can provide a better understanding of how the experience of such an act may affect survivors' perceptions of sexual and reproductive health.
Expression and localisation of MUC1 modified with sialylated core-2 O-glycans in mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Authors: Sugiura Takanori , Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Kikuta Kazutaka , Anazawa Ukei , Nomura Takeshi , Kameyama Akihiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most frequent of the rare salivary gland malignancies. We previously reported high expression of Mucin 1 (MUC1) modified with sialylated core-2 O-glycans in MEC by using tissue homogenates. In this study, we characterised glycan structures of MEC and identified the localisation of cells expressing these distinctive glycans on MUC1. Mucins were extracted from the frozen tissues of three patients with MEC, and normal salivary glands (NSGs) were extracted from seven patients, separated by supported molecular matrix electrophoresis (SMME) and the membranes stained with various lectins. In addition, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from three patients with MEC were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) with various monoclonal antibodies and analysed for C2GnT-1 expression by in situ hybridisation (ISH). Lectin blotting of the SMME membranes revealed that glycans on MUC1 from MEC samples contained α2,3-linked sialic acid. In IHC, MUC1 was diffusely detected at MEC-affected regions but was specifically detected at apical membranes in NSGs. ISH showed that C2GnT-1 was expressed at the MUC1-positive in MEC-affected regions but not in the NSG. Conclusion: MEC cells produced MUC1 modified with α2,3-linked sialic acid-containing core 2 O-glycans. MUC1 containing these glycans deserves further study as a new potential diagnostic marker of MEC. (200 words)
Confirmed COVID-19 in a Patient with Pre-Existing Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Authors: Bereda Gudisa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Co-infection with COVID-19 and TB frequently results in fever, coughing, hypotension, a changed blood cell count, raised liver enzymes, and decreased hemoglobin. On May 19, 2022, a retired black African woman in her 59s arrived at the emergency room with a tuberculosis diagnosis. She had no recent travel history and was COVID-19-infected. Five days prior to her admission, her sons, who worked in the medical field, were found to be infected with the COVID-19 infection. The patient arrived at the emergency room with weak muscles, a fever, a productive cough, a sore throat, a lack of appetite, a headache, night sweats, and shortness of breath that had lasted for a day. On chest auscultation, there were reduced breath sounds in the right middle and upper lungs. A Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection without rifampicin resistance was detected in a sputum sample using the GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin tests. After 36 hours, a throat swab polymerase chain reaction test produced positive findings, confirming the presence of the COVID-19 infection. The patient required continuous oxygen at a rate of four liters per minute via a nasal cannula for the first five days while in the hospital, and she is still taking her anti-tubercular medications. In order to combat hospital-acquired infections, she was given therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics consisting of 500 mg of azithromycin given once a day for five days and 1 g of intravenous ceftriaxone administered daily for five days.
Am(III) adsorption on aluminum (hydr)oxide minerals: Surface complexation modeling
Authors: Satpathy Anshuman , Hixon Amy E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Americium is a highly radioactive actinide element found in used nuclear fuel. Its adsorption on aluminum (hydr)oxide minerals is important to study for at least two reasons: (i) aluminum (hydr)oxide minerals are ubiquitous in the subsurface environment and (ii) bentonite clays, which are proposed engineered barriers for the geologic disposal of used nuclear fuel, have the same ≡AlOH sites as aluminum (hydr)oxide minerals. Surface complexation modeling is widely used to elucidate the adsorption of heavy metals on mineral surfaces. While americium sorption is understudied, multiple adsorption studies for europium, a chemical analog, are available. In this study we compiled data describing Eu(III) adsorption on three aluminum (hydr)oxide minerals—corundum (α-Al2O3), γ-alumina (γ-Al2O3) and gibbsite (γ-Al(OH)3)—and developed surface complexation models for Am(III) adsorption on these minerals by employing diffuse double layer (DDL) and charge distribution multisite complexation (CD-MUSIC) electrostatic frameworks. For corundum and γ-alumina, two different adsorbed Am(III) species, one each for strong and weak sites, were found to be important regardless of which electrostatic framework was used. The formation constant of the weak site species was almost 10,000 times weaker than the formation constant for the corresponding strong site species. For gibbsite, two different adsorbed Am(III) species formed on the single available site type and were important for the DDL model, whereas the best-fit CD-MUSIC model for Am(III)-gibbsite system required only one Am(III) surface species. The corundum and γ-alumina models were validated using limited Am(III) adsorption data available from the literature. The CD-MUSIC model for corundum and both the DDL and the CD-MUSIC models for γ-alumina predicted the Am(III) adsorption data very well, whereas the DDL model for corundum overpredicted the Am(III) adsorption data. The root mean square of errors of the DDL and CD-MUSIC models developed in this study were smaller than those of previously-published models describing Am(III)-γ-alumina system, indicating the better predictive capacity of our models. Overall, our results suggest that using Eu(III) as an analog for Am(III) is practical approach for predicting Am(III) adsorption onto well-characterized minerals.
How rational is practical decision-making?
Authors: Sakaki Shungo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rationality, the premise of economics, is an ideal behavioral norm. In the real world, however, intertemporal decision-making is based on adaptive or sequentially rational behavioral principles from companies to individual households. It bases on managerial accounting procedures, whereby action plans are formulated and implemented, differences from actual results are recognized, and revisions accumulate over time.
We take the intertemporal decision-making problem of households' consumption/investment planning in this paper. And we compare the validity of rationality and adaptability as decision-making principles.
First, rational decision-making in the optimal growth model leads to a unique path. However, optimal growth planning is unstable on the saddle-point path and can only realize if it assumes rationality leading to perfect foresight.
On the other hand, the growth paths guided by budget-controlled adaptive decision-making are diverse and distributed in the myriad around the optimal growth path. This redundancy creates stability in the management and operation of the plan. Because through the trial-and-error process of planning and actual comparison, we can implement a more advantageous plan while allowing for multiple next-best goals, including the optimal growth path.
Moreover, the numerical results show that the adaptive consumption/investment planning is comparable to the optimal growth plan on a social welfare basis, calculated by accumulating consumption utility, and is practically manageable. For example, paths that exceed 0.9 as a ratio to the optimal growth plan are reachable from the initial planning stage at a ratio of 0.58.
JEL codes: C61, C63, O41