bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between oral health knowledge, perceived oral health related quality of life, perceived oral health status and emergency department and/or urgent care visit: Results from the multi‐site oral health literacy study
Authors: Adunola Folasayo , Macek Mark D. , Atchison Kathryn , Akinkugbe Aderonke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the link between oral health knowledge (OHK), self‐perceived oral health, and emergency room (ER)/urgent care utilization for a dental problem.MethodsData were analyzed from a convenience sample of 790 adult participants who presented to two US dental schools and completed an interviewer‐administered survey. Key independent variables were OHK assessed with the Comprehensive Measure of Oral Health Knowledge (CMOHK) instrument, self‐perceived oral health status and quality of life determined using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) scores. The dependent variable was ER and/or urgent care utilization for a dental problem. Select sociodemographic variables such as age and gender were adjusted for in logistic regression models using SAS.Results15.7% of the participants had ever visited an ER and/or urgent care for a dental problem. CMOHK scores were not significantly associated with visits to the ER and/or urgent care. In adjusted analysis, participants with unfavorable GOHAI scores were about three times as likely to have had an ER and/or urgent care visit (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.66–4.09). Similarly, participants who were unsatisfied with their oral health were about twice as likely to have had an ER and/or urgent care visit (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.21–3.00) as compared to those satisfied with their oral health status.ConclusionIndividuals unsatisfied with their oral health and those with unfavorable perceived oral health related quality of life could benefit from a greater awareness of dental service availability and extended hours including weekend hours at public dental clinics.
Aerial survey perspectives on humpback whale resiliency in Maui Nui, Hawaiʻi, in the face of an unprecedented North Pacific marine warming event
Authors: Mobley Joseph R. , Deakos Mark H. , Pack Adam A. , Bortolotto Guilherme A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAfter decades of population growth, the central stock of the North Pacific population of humpback whales, known as the Hawaiʻi Distinct Population Segment (HDPS), was delisted from its endangered status in 2016. At that time, however, an unprecedented heating event, the Pacific Marine Heatwave (PMH) was already underway. The PMH coincided with reports of major declines of sightings of humpback whales, including calves of the year, on both the Hawaiian wintering grounds and the feeding grounds of Southeast Alaska. To examine the resiliency of the HDPS, we conducted aerial surveys of the high‐density Maui Nui region immediately following the PMH event in 2019 and 2020, using distance sampling methods identical to those used in an earlier series (1993–2003). Results showed whale densities at or above those seen earlier, with mean density for 2020 highest overall. Crude birth rates (percent groups containing a calf) were similarly comparable to those recorded in the earlier series, with an increase from 2019 to 2020. Overall, results suggest the central North Pacific humpback whale population stock to be resilient in the face of this major climatic event.
What is rational belief?
Authors: Dutant Julien , Littlejohn Clayton 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA theory of rational belief should get the cases right. It should also reach its verdicts using the right theoretical assumptions. Leading theories seem to predict the wrong things. With only one exception, they don't accommodate principles that we should use to explain these verdicts. We offer a theory of rational belief that combines an attractive picture of epistemic desirability with plausible principles connecting desirability to rationality.
Influence of dental status on outcome after lung transplantation
Authors: Vorstandlechner Maximilian , Obermeier Katharina T. , Schneider Christian P. , Fertmann Jan M. , Smolka Wenko , Michel Sebastian , Veit Tobias , Irlbeck Michael , Tomasi Roland , Hatz Rudolf A. , Kauke Teresa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPoor oral hygiene can cause infections and inflammatory diseases. Data on its impact on outcome after lung transplantation (LuTX) is scarce. Most transplant centers have individual standards regarding dental care as there is no clinical guideline. This study's objective was to assess LuTX‐listed patient's dental status and determine its effect on postoperative outcome.MethodsTwo hundred patients having undergone LuTX from 2014 to 2019 were selected. Collected data comprised LuTX‐indication, periodontal status, and number of carious teeth/fillings. A preoperative panoramic dental X‐ray and a dentist's consultative clarification were mandatory.Results63.5% had carious dental status, differing significantly regarding TX‐indication (p < 0.001; ILD: 41.7% vs. CF: 3.1% of all patients with carious teeth). Mean age at the time of LuTX differed significantly within these groups. Neither preoperative carious dental status nor periodontitis or bone loss deteriorated post‐LuTX survival significantly. No evidence was found that either resulted in a greater number of deaths related to an infectious etiology.ConclusionThis study shows that carious dental status, periodontitis, and bone loss do not affect post‐TX survival. However, literature indicates that they can cause systemic/pulmonary infections that deteriorate post‐LuTX survival. Regarding the absence of standardized guidelines regarding dental care and LuTX, we strongly recommend emphasizing research in this field.
Effects of a ‘social activity program that encourages interaction’ on rural older people's psychosocial health: Mixed‐methods research
Authors: Kikuchi Mami , Onishi Ryuta , Takashima Risa , Saeki Kazuko , Hirano Michiyo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe developed a program that encourages interaction among older people living at home by combining face‐to‐face and online activities and examined its effects on older adults' psychosocial health.MethodsIn this mixed‐methods study, we recruited 11 women and 6 men (Mage = 79.5 ± 6.4 years), who lived in a rural community and participated in a senior citizen club. The intervention was conducted for 13 months, comprising monthly face‐to‐face group and social media activities. For the program process evaluation, we collected focus‐group interview data on participants' perceptions of their personal lives, club membership, and community post‐intervention. For the outcome evaluation, we collected six outcome measures pre‐ and post‐intervention: loneliness, subjective health, subjective well‐being, self‐esteem, social support and social activity satisfaction. Finally, through the integration of the process‐outcome evaluation, we inferred what effects the program had on participants' psychosocial health.ResultsIn the process evaluation, we identified four themes: ‘Stimulation brought about by relationships with peers,’ ‘Realization as to where they feel they belong,’ ‘Rethinking of oneself in the community,’ and ‘Awareness of attachment to and coexistence with the community.’ In the outcome evaluation, the outcome measures were maintained without significant decline post‐intervention.ConclusionThrough the integration of the process‐outcome evaluation, we deduced three effects of the program on psychosocial health: (1) fulfilment of subjective health, (2) maintenance and assurance of moderate distance connectedness and (3) orientation toward aging in place.Implications for practiceThis study offers a promising opportunity for further development and research into community‐based preventive nursing care intervention strategies to maintain the psychosocial health of homebound older people in communities with social activity groups.
Did the Late Ordovician mass extinction event trigger the earliest evolution of ‘strophodontoid’ brachiopods?
Authors: Huang Bing , Chen Di , Harper David A.T. , Rong Jiayu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract‘Strophodontoid’ brachiopods represented the majority of strophomenide brachiopods in the Silurian and Devonian periods. They are characterized by denticles developed along the hinge line. The evolution of denticles correlated with the disappearance of dental plates and teeth and were already present when the clade originated in the Late Ordovician. Specimens ofEostropheodonta parvicostellatafrom the Kuanyinchiao Bed (early–middle Hirnantian, uppermost Ordovician) in the Hetaoba Section, Meitan, Guizhou Province, South China, display clear fossil population variation, during a process of loss of dental plates and the development of denticles. Three phenotypes ofE. parvicostellataare recognized in a single fossil bed, likely heralding a speciation process. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) based on five key characters of genera of the Family Leptostrophiidae shows a much wider morphospace for Silurian genera than for those in the Devonian. Phylogenetic analysis of the Family Leptostrophiidae supports the NMDS analysis and mostly tracks their geological history. The fossil population differentiation inE. parvicostellatadiscovered between the two phases of the Late Ordovician mass extinction event (LOME) linked to a major glaciation, suggests a Hirnantian origination of the ‘strophodontoid’ morphology, and links microevolutionary change to a macroevolutionary event.
The effect of geological biases on our perception of early land plant radiation
Authors: Capel Eliott , Monnet Claude , Cleal Christopher J. , Xue Jinzhuang , Servais Thomas , Cascales‐Miñana Borja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Silurian–Devonian plant radiation was a critical development in the evolution of early terrestrial ecosystems. Characterizing the diversity dynamics of this radiation has been a focus of numerous studies. However, little is known about the impact of geological bias on our perception of this biodiversification. Here, we use a new, comprehensive compilation of plant occurrences from North America, together with a Macrostrat lithological dataset, to elucidate the relationships between the palaeobotanical and geological records of early land plants. Results show that observed raw diversity patterns at both species and genus rank are significantly correlated with fluctuations of sedimentary rock volume, especially of non‐marine fossiliferous deposits. The lack of terrestrial sedimentary deposits before the Emsian (Early Devonian) makes it difficult to obtain an accurate depiction of the pre‐Emsian plant diversification in North America. However, complementary analyses reveal that sampling‐standardized diversity patterns partially correct the raw trajectories, especially at the genus‐level if enough preserved non‐marine sediments are available for sampling. Our findings highlight that geological incompleteness remains a fundamental bias for describing early plant diversification. This indicates that, even when sampling is extensive, observed diversity patterns potentially reflect the heterogeneity of the rock record, which blurs our understanding of the early history of land vegetation.
An uncommon cause of swimmer's rash: Allergic contact dermatitis to persulfates in pools
Authors: Gui Michael , Johansen Maija , Reeder Margo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an important diagnosis to consider in patients with dermatitis following specific exposures. Classically, ACD from persulfates is associated with hair‐bleaching products and spa water/swimming pool exposure and is most commonly reported in adult men. We report a case of ACD to potassium peroxymonopersulfate (PPMS), a common pool “shocking” chemical, in a 7‐year‐old boy presenting with recurrent and diffuse dermatitis triggered by swimming pool exposure.
Did you get the joke? Physiological, subjective and behavioral responses to mirth
Authors: Ruiz‐Padial Elisabeth , Moreno‐Padilla María , Reyes del Paso Gustavo A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMirth is elicited by the perception of humor, which requires the resolution of an incongruity in an unexpected and playful manner. Previous psychophysiological research using affective pictures is scarce, and did not elucidate the cognitive and affective components of the humor process. In this study, the passive viewing paradigm is applied to mirthful, incongruent, neutral and erotic pictures to characterize the emotional response of mirth. Physiological (zygomaticus major [ZM] activity, skin conductance response [SCR] and heart rate [HR]), behavioral (free viewing time) and subjective responses (mirthful ratings) were recorded from 63 participants. The presence of an inflection change in the ZM response and mirthfulness ratings were used as markers of humor comprehension. Participants showed the greatest ZM and HR in response to mirthful compared to incongruent, erotic and neutral pictures, as well as a stronger SCR response to mirthful compared to incongruent and neutral pictures. The overall results shed light on the temporal course of the humor process, suggesting that humor comprehension (cognitive component) occurred around 1000–1500 ms after picture onset, according to the ZM and SCR responses; and the humor appreciation stage (emotional component) occurred at around 3500 ms after stimulus onset, according to the HR and SCR changes. Moreover, marked interindividual variability was observed in the number of smiles, and in the pictures that provoked them. This points to the complexity of the humor process, and suggests the need to develop methods to elicit mirth and elucidate the factors potentially underlying individual differences in humor.
Extraction is not a metaphor: Decolonial and Black Geographies against the gendered and embodied violence of extractive logics
Authors: Murrey Amber , Mollett Sharlene 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe are witnessing a proliferation of new critical scholarship on the manifold forms of extractivism. Yet, there are risks associated with extraction being rendered a broad metaphor for innumerable forms of removal and value‐making through exploitation and misappropriation. Theorising within decolonial Black feminisms, we respond to the metaphorization of extraction by (re)asserting the need for persistent analysis on the material and embodied effects and consequences of extractivisms. That is, the specific processes, logics, ideologies, and relations of extractivism recast lands, labours, ecosystems, and bodies, and particularly the bodies of women of colour. This helps to ensure the concept does not become figuratively empty and abstracted in politically and analytically debilitating ways. Drawing on more than a decade of research with three communities entangled within and targeted through extractivism along the Chad–Cameroon Oil Pipeline and the extractive‐tourist coastline of Panama, we mobilise a conception of 'extractive logics' to refer to the unnamed, unquestioned, often contradictory, foundational epistemic frameworks that permit the seemingly‐permanent structures and relations of removal, destruction, and dehumanization. We analyse documents from the Chad–Cameroon oil consortium, which projected and then calculated the economic ‘costs’ of the pipeline's triggering of an increase in rates of HIV/AIDS in adjacent towns and cities, alongside the entanglement of capitalist extraction with the medical neglect of Black labourers in Panama. Doing so demystefies the ways that racial and gendered violence are sanctioned (and even premeditated) within extractive logics. We hope that this work challenges some of the methodological nationalism so common within extractive scholarship, and brings extractive processes across disparate South–South and black geographies into conversation, activating a cross‐fertilisation of research across otherwise distinct geographies and geographical refrains. We reflect on the imperatives for and (im)possibilities of decolonial research against extractivism.
Using wearable technology to prevent pressure injuries: An integrative review
Authors: Crotty Alainna , Killian Jacqueline M. , Miller Alexander , Chilson Sarah , Wright Rebecca 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHospital‐acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) are a significant problem for hospitals worldwide, negatively affecting patients and organizations by decreasing quality of life and increasing organizational cost of care and workload. A common pressure injury prevention intervention is frequent turning, though compliance can be low. As a newer technology, wearable sensors have emerged as an intervention to increase turn compliance.AimsThe aim of this integrative review was to determine the clinical outcomes of using wearable sensors as a HAPI prevention intervention.MethodsThis integrative review was appraised by two independent reviewers using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence‐Based Practice Research Appraisal Tool.ResultsEleven articles were included. The use of wearable sensors increases compliance with frequent turn protocols while decreasing HAPIs and reducing organizational costs. Despite this, the use of such technology was not found to increase the quality of turns. Although staff who used this technology reported positive feedback, technological training is needed to ensure proper use of the sensors.Linking Action to PracticeThis innovation has the potential to transform how nursing staff prevent pressure injuries, but more research is needed to definitively state whether wearable sensors will be efficacious as a pressure injury prevention intervention.
Development of an Endotracheal Tube Cap for Oxygen Delivery During Intubation
Authors: Hart Keir , Salvino Chris , Pashak Todd , Veatch Brad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEndotracheal (ET) Intubation is a medical procedure whereupon a physician or trained personnel inserts a breathing tube into a patient's mouth, through their vocal cords, and into their trachea. Intubation can be lifesaving when a patient cannot breathe on their own. Intubations are performed routinely, with approximately 15 × 106 performed annually just in the operating room (OR) with an additional 650,000 intubations in the wider hospital environment. Intubation is a complex, dynamic, and at times difficult procedure with major consequences if delayed and/or if the procedure fails. Complications for intubations outside of the operating room are reported as high as 27%, with the most common being hypoxia, or low oxygen levels. We have developed a simple, sterile attachment that directs oxygen down endotracheal tubes during intubation. Benchtop studies have demonstrated acceptable pressures well below those leading to barotrauma. In animal studies, the device has been shown to significantly reduce hypoxia; thereby increasing the time a medical provider has to safely perform the procedure. While further development is warranted, as well as additional testing both in vitro and in vivo, the cap assembly appears to provide a viable solution to a persistent and dangerous problem in medicine.
Research on Mechanism of Dynamic Evolution Vibration Characteristics of Horizontal 90 Deg Elbow Flow Pattern
Authors: Liang Ze-jun , Guo Chun-yu , Yang Chun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPipeline vibration induced by fluid flow can cause pipeline fatigue damage, which seriously endangers the safety of the operation. This paper aims to clarify the dynamic variation law of pipeline vibration induced by gas–liquid two-phase flow in the elbow and the influence of different gas–liquid ratios on the dynamic evolution of two-phase flow patterns. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is used to capture the flow pattern characteristics to explore the complex information of dynamic flow pattern evolution. The vibration characteristic mechanism corresponding to the evolution of the flow pattern is explored based on the time and frequency domain, and the origin of the exciting force of the elbow is explored according to the momentum balance equation. The simulation results show that the VOF method can well capture the characteristics of slug flow developed by the interphase instability mechanism. After phase space reconstruction, the dynamic evolution mechanism of the flow pattern is complex and the chaotic characteristics of slug flow are strong. The evolution of the flow pattern is related to the increase in wave height. The superficial velocity of the liquid phase is more sensitive to the flow pattern's formation mechanism than the gas phases. The amplitude of the wave strongly depends on the Vsg and Vsl. There is a strong correlation between the main exciting force pulsation and momentum flux pulsation.
Sulfur Transformation and Metals Recovery During Co-Gasification of Municipal Solid Waste and Gypsum
Authors: Mavukwana Athi-enkosi , Burra Kiran R. G. , Sempuga Celestin , Castaldi Marco , Gupta Ashwani K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe fate of sulfur and conversion of metals during the co-gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) and gypsum is examined here using aspen plus combined with Thermo-Calc for the process model development. The effect of air ratio, temperature, and MSW-to-gypsum feed mass ratio on the syngas evolution, sulfur transformation, and mineral speciation behavior is investigated. The results showed prevention of gypsum sulfur transformation to sulfur dioxide at temperatures below 1050 °C, air ratio &lt; 0.4, and MSW-to-CaSO4 feed mass ratio &lt; 33 wt%. Approximately 90 wt% of feed was transformed into gas products comprising 22% CO and 19% H2. At approximately 900 °C, major minerals formed were CaS (alabandite), melilite, anorthite, rankinite, nepheline, and wollastonite. Melilite, a calcium silicate of aluminum and magnesium, dominated over all other silicates. At temperatures &gt;1000 °C, these minerals transformed into a more stable calcium orthosilicate (CaSiO4) and molten oxysulfide. At temperatures higher than 1200 °C, all metals in MSW were transformed into molten oxides. The results show that syngas and minerals can be recovered during the co-gasification of MSW and gypsum to directly reveal the synergetic benefits of co-processing MSW and gypsum low-value waste materials.
Characterisation of ectasia after penetrating keratoplasty in keratoconus eyes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Weller Julia M , Hübner Lisa , Kruse Friedrich E , Tourtas Theofilos 
Published: March 2023

Background/aimsEctasia of the cornea can occur decades after penetrating keratoplasty (PK), especially in keratoconus eyes. The purpose of this study was to characterise ectasia after PK by morphological findings in anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).MethodsIn this retrospective, single-centre case series, 50 eyes of 32 patients with a history of PK at an average of 25±10 years earlier were included. The eyes were classified either as ectatic (n=35) or as non-ectatic (n=15). The main parameters included central corneal thickness (CCT), lowest corneal thickness at the interface (LCTI), anterior chamber depth, graft–host interface angle at the thinnest point and host cornea–iris angle. Furthermore, steep and flat keratometry readings obtained by AS-OCT (CASIA-2, Tomey) and Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam, Oculus) were assessed. OCT findings were correlated with clinical grading of ectasia.ResultsThere was a highly significant difference in LCTI, graft–host interface angle and anterior chamber depth (in pseudophakic eyes) between the groups. The ratio calculated by the quotient of LCTI divided by CCT was significantly lower in ectatic than non-ectatic eyes (p<0.001). In eyes with an LCTI/CCT ratio of ≤0.7, the OR for the occurrence of a clinical detectable ectasia was 2.4 (CI 1.5 to 3.7). Steep keratometry values were significantly higher in ectatic eyes.ConclusionAS-OCT is a helpful tool to recognise and quantify ectasia in post-PK eyes objectively.