bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying strategies for implementing a clinical guideline for cancer-related fatigue: a qualitative study
Authors: Pearson Elizabeth J. , Denehy Linda , Edbrooke Lara 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical practice guidelines assist health professionals’ (HPs) decisions. Costly to develop, many guidelines are not implemented in clinical settings. This paper describes an evaluation of contextual factors to inform clinical guideline implementation strategies for the common and distressing problem of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) at an Australian cancer hospital.

Methods
A qualitative inquiry involving interviews and focus groups with consumers and multidisciplinary HPs explored key Canadian CRF guideline recommendations. Four HP focus groups examined the feasibility of a specific recommendation, while a consumer focus group examined experiences and preferences for managing CRF. Audio recordings were analysed using a rapid method of content analysis designed to accelerate implementation research. Strategies for implementation were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Results
Five consumers and 31 multidisciplinary HPs participated in eight interviews and five focus groups. Key HP barriers to fatigue management were insufficient knowledge and time; and lack of accessible screening and management tools or referral pathways. Consumer barriers included priority for cancer control during short health consultations, limited stamina for extended or extra visits addressing fatigue, and HP attitudes towards fatigue. Enablers of optimal fatigue management were alignment with existing healthcare practices, increased HP knowledge of CRF guidelines and tools, and improved referral pathways. Consumers valued their HPs addressing fatigue as part of treatment, with a personal fatigue prevention or management plan including self-monitoring. Consumers preferred fatigue management outside clinic appointments and use of telehealth consultations.

Conclusions
Strategies that reduce barriers and leverage enablers to guideline use should be trialled. Approaches should include (1) accessible knowledge and practice resources for busy HPs, (2) time efficient processes for patients and their HPs and (3) alignment of processes with existing practice. Funding for cancer care must enable best practice supportive care.
Cerebrospinal fluid penetration of fosfomycin in patients with ventriculitis: an observational study
Authors: König Christina , Martens-Lobenhoffer Jens , Czorlich Patrick , Westphal Manfred , Bode-Böger Stefanie M. , Kluge Stefan , Grensemann Jörn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
For treatment of ventriculitis, vancomycin and meropenem are frequently used as empiric treatment but cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration is highly variable and may result in subtherapeutic concentrations. Fosfomycin has been suggested for combination antibiotic therapy, but data are sparse, so far. Therefore, we studied CSF penetration of fosfomycin in ventriculitis.

Methods
Adult patients receiving a continuous infusion of fosfomycin (1 g/h) for the treatment of ventriculitis were included. Routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of fosfomycin in serum and CSF was performed with subsequent dose adaptions. Demographic and routine laboratory data including serum and CSF concentrations for fosfomycin were collected. Antibiotic CSF penetration ratio as well as basic pharmacokinetic parameters were investigated.

Results
Seventeen patients with 43 CSF/serum pairs were included. Median fosfomycin serum concentration was 200 [159–289] mg/L and the CSF concentration 99 [66–144] mg/L. Considering only the first measurements in each patient before a possible dose adaption, serum and CSF concentrations were 209 [163–438] mg/L and 104 [65–269] mg/L. Median CSF penetration was 46 [36–59]% resulting in 98% of CSF levels above the susceptibility breakpoint of 32 mg/L.

Conclusion
Penetration of fosfomycin into the CSF is high, reliably leading to appropriate concentrations for the treatment of gram positive and negative bacteria. Moreover, continuous administration of fosfomycin appears to be a reasonable approach for antibiotic combination therapy in patients suffering from ventriculitis. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact on outcome parameters.
Human papillomavirus infection in women undergoing in-vitro fertilization: effects on embryo development kinetics and live birth rate
Authors: Zullo Federica , Fiano Valentina , Gillio-Tos Anna , Leoncini Sara , Nesi Ginevra , Macrì Luigia , Preti Mario , Rolfo Alessandro , Benedetto Chiara , Revelli Alberto , De Marco Laura 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroudSeveral studies showed that human papillomavirus (HPV) affects male fertility, but its impact on female fertility and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome is not yet clear.MethodsObjective of this observational, prospective, cohort study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection in women candidate to IVF, and the effects of HPV infection on the kinetic of embryonic development and on IVF outcome. A total number of 457 women candidate to IVF were submitted to HR-HPV test; among them, 326 underwent their first IVF cycle and were included in the analysis on IVF results.Results8.9% of women candidate to IVF were HPV-positive, HPV16 being the most prevalent genotype. Among the infertility causes, endometriosis was significantly more frequent in HPV-positive than in negative women (31.6% vs. 10.1%; p < 0.01). Granulosa and endometrial cells resulted HPV-positive in 61% and 48% of the women having HPV-positive cervical swab, respectively. Comparing HPV-positive and negative women at their first IVF cycle, no significant difference was observed in the responsiveness to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in terms of number and maturity of retrieved oocytes, and of fertilization rate. The mean morphological embryo score was comparable in the two groups; embryos of HPV-positive women showed a quicker development in the early stages, with a significantly shorter interval between the appearance of pronuclei and their fusion. In the following days, embryo kinetic was comparable in the two groups until the early blastocyst stage, when embryos of HPV-positive women became significantly slower than those of HPV-negative women. Overall, these differences did not affect live birth rate/started cycle, that was comparable in HPV-positive and negative women (22.2 and 28.1%, respectively).Conclusions(a) the prevalence of HPV infection in women candidate to IVF is similar to that observed in the general female population of the same age range; (b) HPV infection migrates along the female genital apparatus, involving also the endometrium and the ovary, and perhaps participates in the genesis of pelvic endometriosis; (c) HPV slightly affects the developmental kinetic of in vitro-produced embryos, but does not exert an effect on live birth rate.
LOX overexpression programming mediates the osteoclast mechanism of low peak bone mass in female offspring rats caused by pregnant dexamethasone exposure
Authors: Jiang Tao , Xiao Hao , Li Bin , He Hangyuan , Wang Hui , Chen Liaobin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease characterized by reduced bone mass, with low peak bone mass being the predominant manifestation during development and having an intrauterine origin. Pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery are commonly treated with dexamethasone to promote fetal lung development. However, pregnant dexamethasone exposure (PDE) can lead to reduced peak bone mass and susceptibility to osteoporosis in offspring. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of PDE-induced low peak bone mass in female offspring from the perspective of altered osteoclast developmental programming.

Methods
0.2 mg/kg.d dexamethasone was injected subcutaneously into rats on gestation days (GDs) 9–20. Some pregnant rats were killed at GD20 to remove fetal rat long bones, the rest were delivered naturally, and some adult offspring rats were given ice water swimming stimulation for two weeks.

Results
The results showed that the fetal rat osteoclast development was inhibited in the PDE group compared with the control group. In contrast, the adult rat osteoclast function was hyperactivation with reduced peak bone mass. We further found that the promoter region methylation levels of lysyl oxidase (LOX) were decreased, the expression was increased, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was raised in PDE offspring rat long bone before and after birth. Combined in vivo and in vitro experiments, we confirmed that intrauterine dexamethasone promoted the expression and binding of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) in osteoclasts and mediated the decrease of LOX methylation level and increase of expression through upregulation of 10–11 translocator protein 3 (Tet3).

Conclusions
Taken together, we confirm that dexamethasone causes osteoclast LOX hypomethylation and high expression through the GR/ERβ/Tet3 pathway, leading to elevated ROS production and that this intrauterine epigenetic programming effect can be carried over to postnatal mediating hyperactivation in osteoclast and reduced peak bone mass in adult offspring. This study provides an experimental basis for elucidating the mechanism of osteoclast-mediated intrauterine programming of low peak bone mass in female offspring of PDE and for exploring its early targets for prevention and treatment.
Anti-Alzheimers molecular mechanism of icariin: insights from gut microbiota, metabolomics, and network pharmacology
Authors: Liu Yuqing , Li Hongli , Wang Xiaowei , Huang Jianhua , Zhao Di , Tan Yejun , Zhang Zheyu , Zhang Zhen , Zhu Lemei , Wu Beibei , Chen Zhibao , Peng Weijun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIcariin (ICA), an active ingredient extracted fromEpimediumspecies, has shown promising results in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), although its potential therapeutic mechanism remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and the underlying mechanisms of ICA on AD by an integrated analysis of gut microbiota, metabolomics, and network pharmacology (NP).MethodsThe cognitive impairment of mice was measured using the Morris Water Maze test and the pathological changes were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. 16S rRNA sequencing and multi-metabolomics were performed to analyze the alterations in the gut microbiota and fecal/serum metabolism. Meanwhile, NP was used to determine the putative molecular regulation mechanism of ICA in AD treatment.ResultsOur results revealed that ICA intervention significantly improved cognitive dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice and typical AD pathologies in the hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, the gut microbiota analysis showed that ICA administration reversed AD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis in APP/PS1 mice by elevating the abundance ofAkkermansiaand reducing the abundance ofAlistipe. Furthermore, the metabolomic analysis revealed that ICA reversed the AD-induced metabolic disorder via regulating the glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, and correlation analysis revealed that glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid were closely related toAlistipeandAkkermansia. Moreover, NP indicated that ICA might regulate the sphingolipid signaling pathway via the PRKCA/TNF/TP53/AKT1/RELA/NFKB1 axis for the treatment of AD.ConclusionThese findings indicated that ICA may serve as a promising therapeutic approach for AD and that the ICA-mediated protective effects were associated with the amelioration of microbiota disturbance and metabolic disorder.Graphical Abstract
A scoping review of eye tracking metrics used to assess visuomotor behaviours of upper limb prosthesis users
Authors: Cheng Kodi Y. , Rehani Mayank , Hebert Jacqueline S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAdvanced upper limb prostheses aim to restore coordinated hand and arm function. However, this objective can be difficult to quantify as coordinated movements require an intact visuomotor system. Eye tracking has recently been applied to study the visuomotor behaviours of upper limb prosthesis users by enabling the calculation of eye movement metrics. This scoping review aims to characterize the visuomotor behaviours of upper limb prosthesis users as described by eye tracking metrics, to summarize the eye tracking metrics used to describe prosthetic behaviour, and to identify gaps in the literature and potential areas for future research. A review of the literature was performed to identify articles that reported eye tracking metrics to evaluate the visual behaviours of individuals using an upper limb prosthesis. Data on the level of amputation, type of prosthetic device, type of eye tracker, primary eye metrics, secondary outcome metrics, experimental task, aims, and key findings were extracted. Seventeen studies were included in this scoping review. A consistently reported finding is that prosthesis users have a characteristic visuomotor behaviour that differs from that of individuals with intact arm function. Visual attention has been reported to be directed more towards the hand and less towards the target during object manipulation tasks. A gaze switching strategy and delay to disengage gaze from the current target has also been reported. Differences in the type of prosthetic device and experimental task have revealed some distinct gaze behaviours. Control factors have been shown to be related to gaze behaviour, while sensory feedback and training interventions have been demonstrated to reduce the visual attention associated with prosthesis use. Eye tracking metrics have also been used to assess the cognitive load and sense of agency of prosthesis users. Overall, there is evidence that eye tracking is an effective tool to quantitatively assess the visuomotor behaviour of prosthesis users and the recorded eye metrics are sensitive to change in response to various factors. Additional studies are needed to validate the eye metrics used to assess cognitive load and sense of agency in upper limb prosthesis users.
Application of deep learning to predict the low serum albumin in new hemodialysis patients
Authors: Yang Cheng-Hong , Chen Yin-Syuan , Chen Jin-Bor , Huang Hsiu-Chen , Chuang Li-Yeh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSerum albumin level is a crucial nutritional indicator for patients on dialysis. Approximately one-third of patients on hemodialysis (HD) have protein malnutrition. Therefore, the serum albumin level of patients on HD is strongly correlated with mortality.MethodsIn study, the data sets were obtained from the longitudinal electronic health records of the largest HD center in Taiwan from July 2011 to December 2015, included 1,567 new patients on HD who met the inclusion criteria. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of clinical factors with low serum albumin, and the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) was used for feature selection. The quantile g-computation method was used to calculate the weight ratio of each factor. Machine learning and deep learning (DL) methods were used to predict the low serum albumin. The area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy were calculated to determine the model performance.ResultsAge, gender, hypertension, hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, sodium, potassium, calcium, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and triglyceride levels were significantly associated with low serum albumin. The AUC and accuracy of the GOA quantile g-computation weight model combined with the Bi-LSTM method were 98% and 95%, respectively.ConclusionThe GOA method was able to rapidly identify the optimal combination of factors associated with serum albumin in patients on HD, and the quantile g-computation with DL methods could determine the most effective GOA quantile g-computation weight prediction model. The serum albumin status of patients on HD can be predicted by the proposed model and accordingly provide patients with better a prognostic care and treatment.
The correlation of sacral table angle to spinopelvic sagittal alignment in healthy adults
Authors: Ru Nan , Luk Keith D. K. , Sun Jianmin , Wang Guodong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The sacrum plays an important role in sagittal balance of the spine, whereas the exact association between sacral parameters, specifically the sacral table angle (STA) and spinopelvic parameters has been only scarcely assessed. It aims to investigate the correlations between the sacral parameters and spinopelvic sagittal alignment parameters in healthy adults.

Methods
A cohort of 142 Northern Chinese healthy adults between 18 and 45 years old were recruited between April 2019 and March 2021. Full-spine standing X-ray films were performed for every volunteer. The sacral parameters were measured: sacral table angle (STA), sacral inclination (SI) and sacral slope (SS). The spinopelvic sagittal alignment parameters included: pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracic kyphosis and the apex of lumbar lordosis (LLA). The correlations analysis, as well as the linear regression analysis, were performed between STA, SI and the spinopelvic parameters.

Results
An equation ‘STA = SI + 90 − SS’ was revealed to represent the interrelationships between STA, SI and SS. STA was statistically correlated with PI (rs = − 0.693), PT (rs = − 0.342), SS (rs = − 0.530), LL (rs = 0.454), and LLA (rs = 0.438). SI correlated with STA (rs = 0.329), PT (rs =  − 0.562), SS (rs =  − 0.612) and LL (rs = 0.476). Simple linear regression analysis also verified the correlation between STA and PI (y = − 1.047x + 149.4), SS (y = − 0.631x + 96.9), LL (y = 0.660x − 117.7), LLA (y = 0.032x + 0.535), and SI (y = 0.359x + 8.23).

Conclusion
The equation ‘STA = SI + 90 − SS’ indicates the exact geometric relationship between STA, SI and SS. The sacral parameters, both STA and SI, correlate to the spinopelvic sagittal alignment parameters in healthy adults. The linear regression analysis results also give predictive models for spinopelvic sagittal alignment parameters based on the invariant parameter STA, which are helpful for surgeons in designing an ideal therapeutic plan.
The effectiveness of HPV vaccination on the incidence of oropharyngeal cancers in men: a review
Authors: Macilwraith Philip , Malsem Eve , Dushyanthen Sathana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) contributes to the development of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and is currently the leading cause of OPC in the Western world. There have been limited studies examining the effect of HPV-vaccination on OPC incidence in men. This review aims to interrogate relationship linking HPV-vaccination and OPC in men, to potentially recommend pangender HPV-vaccination, to reduce the incidence of HPV associated OPC.

Main Body
A review was carried out using Ovid Medline, Scopus and Embase databases, on 22nd October 2021 investigating the effect of HPV-vaccination on OPC prevalence in men and including studies with vaccination data pertaining to men in the past 5 years, while excluding those studies without appropriate oral HPV-positivity data and non-systematic reviews. Studies were evaluated as per the PRISMA guidelines and ranked using risk of bias tools including RoB-2, ROBINS-1 and the NIH quality assessment tools. 7 studies were included ranging from original research to systematic review articles. All studies were published in English from 2017 to 2021. Overall, these suggested that HPV-vaccination reduced levels of oral HPV positivity in men. This was thought to be indicative of a reduced risk of development of HPV-associated OPC. A limitation of this study was the inability to conduct meta-analysis due to the heterogeneity of included studies. We noted a significant impact on the reduction of HPV positivity post HPV-vaccination and a potential contribution to reducing the future incidence of OPC.

Conclusion
This review makes a strong case for pangender HPV-vaccination in combatting OPC in men.
Deep learning and machine learning in psychiatry: a survey of current progress in depression detection, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Squires Matthew , Tao Xiaohui , Elangovan Soman , Gururajan Raj , Zhou Xujuan , Acharya U Rajendra , Li Yuefeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInformatics paradigms for brain and mental health research have seen significant advances in recent years. These developments can largely be attributed to the emergence of new technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. Data-driven methods have the potential to support mental health care by providing more precise and personalised approaches to detection, diagnosis, and treatment of depression. In particular, precision psychiatry is an emerging field that utilises advanced computational techniques to achieve a more individualised approach to mental health care. This survey provides an overview of the ways in which artificial intelligence is currently being used to support precision psychiatry. Advanced algorithms are being used to support all phases of the treatment cycle. These systems have the potential to identify individuals suffering from mental health conditions, allowing them to receive the care they need and tailor treatments to individual patients who are mostly to benefit. Additionally, unsupervised learning techniques are breaking down existing discrete diagnostic categories and highlighting the vast disease heterogeneity observed within depression diagnoses. Artificial intelligence also provides the opportunity to shift towards evidence-based treatment prescription, moving away from existing methods based on group averages. However, our analysis suggests there are several limitations currently inhibiting the progress of data-driven paradigms in care. Significantly, none of the surveyed articles demonstrate empirically improved patient outcomes over existing methods. Furthermore, greater consideration needs to be given to uncertainty quantification, model validation, constructing interdisciplinary teams of researchers, improved access to diverse data and standardised definitions within the field. Empirical validation of computer algorithms via randomised control trials which demonstrate measurable improvement to patient outcomes are the next step in progressing models to clinical implementation.