bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capturing homosocial worlds in the photographs of the Rugby Club, 1885–1920
Authors: Matthews‐Jones Lucinda 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring the First World War, the Rev. Charles S. Donald, warden of the London‐based Rugby Club, sent several war time circulars to current and former club members. This article examines how Donald used the circular's photographs to sustain pre‐war links. It will therefore consider how snapshots from their annual camping trips and boxing heroes inscribed male intimacy and friendship. Touch will be shown to be a vehicle through which homosocial intimacy was expressed both in the moment the photograph was captured and during the war.
DIS/POSSESSORY DATA POLITICS: From Tenant Screening to Anti‐Eviction Organizing
Authors: McElroy Erin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article I place tenant screening data grabbing practices in tension with the ongoing work of housing justice‐based tool making. While the tenant screening industry has spent decades amassing eviction data to facilitate the blocklisting of tenants with prior eviction records and thereby reifying racial capitalist geographies, housing organizers today rely on some of this same data to illuminate evictor networks and organize anti‐eviction campaigns. This has been particularly important in the wake of corporate landlordism in which evictions are executed through opaque shell companies. Tenant‐made tools attempt to undo this uneven landscape in which landlords own troves of data about tenants, but in which tenants don't even know their own landlords’ names. While opening up all eviction data to the public might appear to be an antidote, doing so can also provide screening companies with even more data to use in blocklisting. In my examination of this conjuncture, I forge the analytic of dis/possessory data politics to map out the violence of tenant screening data predation while also problematizing the technoliberal impulse to open up all eviction data. Yet dis/possessory data politics also attest to care and coalition work marked by practices of possession beyond logics of theft, banishment and techno solutionism.
Value orientations, life transitions, and desistance: Assessing competing perspectives
Authors: Thomas Kyle J. , Nguyen Holly , Jackson Erica P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLaub and Sampson (2003) and Paternoster and Bushway (2009) offered opposing explanations of desistance from crime. Yet, extant research has failed to test the key theoretical differences that distinguish these perspectives: 1) the temporal ordering of internal changes in identity/values and life transitions and 2) the impact of values/life transitions on offending conditional on key predictors from the opposing theory (e.g., whether marriage contributes to desistance among individuals who already hold prosocial values). We assess competing claims using data from the Pathways to Desistance. We find that within‐person changes in prosocial value orientations are significantly related to within‐person changes in one's likelihood of entering into serious romantic relationships and becoming employed. Conversely, life transitions are unrelated to changes in one's values. The results derived from fixed‐effects Poisson models indicate high or increasing prosocial value orientations help explain offending patterns among those who enter into serious romantic relationships/get employed and help explain changes in offending among those who do not experience structural “turning points.” Marriage/cohabitation is unrelated to within‐person changes in offending, whereas the impact of employment has an inconsistent relationship. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed.
Outcomes of adrenalectomy performed in regional New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Cui Rebecca Bei Jia , Loganathan Kishore , Indrajit Balasubramanian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCentralization of subspeciality procedures in Australia is difficult due to a vast geographical span and in the appropriate patient group, surgery in regional centres should be considered. Our study reviews the safety of adrenalectomy performed at a low‐volume regional centre in regards to length of hospital admission, operative time, complication rate and conversion to open rate.MethodA retrospective cross‐sectional study was performed of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic or open adrenalectomy over a nine‐year period (2012–2021) at Dubbo Base Hospital, a regional hospital in Western New South Wales, Australia. These operations were all performed by a single Urologist.ResultsThirteen patients underwent adrenalectomy at our institution over the nine‐year period. The mean age was 51.7 years (SD10.1). There were seven women (53.8%) and six men (46.2%). Seven patients were considered low risk, four patients were medium risk and two patients were high risk as per the Charlson Comorbidity Index. All of our patients were overweight, with mean body mass index of 34.6 (SD 6.9). Mean operating time was 133.5 min (SD 36.3) and mean length of stay was 3.8 days (SD 2.2).There was one conversion to open (8.3%). Three patients (23.1%) had complications, of these complications, one was Clavien‐Dindo grade II, and one was Clavien‐Dindo grade IIIb. There were no mortalities.ConclusionOur outcomes demonstrate that adrenalectomy in our low volume regional centre is safe with comparable outcomes of operative time, length of hospital stay and complication rate with other centres.
Emergency groin hernia: outcome after mesh and non‐mesh repair
Authors: Kumar Dileep , Wu Diana , Tan Brandon , Guilbert Michael , Muthukumarsamy Girivasan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmergency inguinal and femoral hernia repair can be done by suture or mesh repair, there is still scepticism around using mesh. We aim to evaluate the usage of mesh and the outcome of emergency groin hernia repair after mesh and suture repair.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of adult patients who underwent emergency inguinal and femoral hernia repair from 1st January 2018 to 31st July 2020. Electronic data and case notes were reviewed and outcome data were collected.ResultsEighty‐nine emergency groin hernia repairs were carried out. Sixty‐two were males, 60 inguinal hernia and 29 femoral hernia. Median age was 72 years (range 20–95). 74 (83.1%) were primary hernia and 15 (16.9%) recurrent hernias. 67 (75.3%) mesh and 22 (24.7%) suture repairs were carried out. Eleven cases required bowel resection and of those 10 had suture repair. Inguinal hernia was more likely to have mesh repair as compared to femoral (P‐value 0.002). Median length of stay was significantly lower in mesh group 2 days (1–5 IQR) versus 7.5 days (5–11 IQR) in suture repair group (P‐value <0.0001). Five cases (6.74%) had wound complications (3 wound infections, 2 haematoma). With median 20 months (range 6–36 months) follow‐up, 1 recurrence each in both mesh and suture repair groups, no mesh infection and 2 (2.2%) 30‐day mortality recorded. Wound infection, recurrence and reoperation were not statistically different in two groups.ConclusionEmergency groin hernia are amenable to mesh repair and in case of bowel resection or gross contamination non‐ mesh repair is recommended.
Computerized cardiotocography analysis during labor – A state‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Ben M'Barek Imane , Jauvion Grégoire , Ceccaldi Pierre‐François 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCardiotocography is defined as the recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions and is widely used during labor as a screening tool to determine fetal wellbeing. The visual interpretation of the cardiotocography signals by the practitioners, following common guidelines, is subject to a high interobserver variability, and the efficiency of cardiotocography monitoring is still debated. Since the 1990s, researchers and practitioners work on designing reliable computer‐aided systems to assist practitioners in cardiotocography interpretation during labor. Several systems are integrated in the monitoring devices, mostly based on the guidelines, but they have not clearly demonstrated yet their usefulness. In the last decade, the availability of large clinical databases as well as the emergence of machine learning and deep learning methods in healthcare has led to a surge of studies applying those methods to cardiotocography signals analysis. The state‐of‐the‐art systems perform well to detect fetal hypoxia when evaluated on retrospective cohorts, but several challenges remain to be tackled before they can be used in clinical practice. First, the development and sharing of large, open and anonymized multicentric databases of perinatal and cardiotocography data during labor is required to build more accurate systems. Also, the systems must produce interpretable indicators along with the prediction of the risk of fetal hypoxia in order to be appropriated and trusted by practitioners. Finally, common standards should be built and agreed on to evaluate and compare those systems on retrospective cohorts and to validate their use in clinical practice.
Revealing the practical strategies for promoting Chinese migrant workers' health and well‐being: Organizational empowerment perspective
Authors: Zhou Xiaofeng , Sun Ninghao , Zhao Xu , Wang Leyao , Tong Ruipeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe health and well‐being of migrant workers struggling to make ends meet are being compromised, especially with the uncertainty of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The aim is to analyze how organizational empowerment promotes health and well‐being from an applied psychological perspective, taking into account the shaping role of individual vulnerability. Links between theory and practice will be established to achieve equitable health and well‐being. The underlying mechanism by which organizational empowerment mitigated workplace‐induced adverse outcomes was validated in the analysis of construction workers (n = 966). In addition, individual characteristics, namely, excitability, low perceptual threshold, control, and knowledge, attitude, and practice, were identified as critical factors, as well‐being consequences vary from person to person. Moderating effect analysis showed that high excitability enhanced the association between work environment exposure and health and well‐being. Control and knowledge, attitude, and practice have opposite effects. Moreover, the dual effects of the low perception threshold are verified, that is, facing the work environment produces more negative consequences, whereas perceiving more resources stimulates more positive consequences. Overall, the research provides a clearer dialectical view of vulnerability, contributing wisdom toward accurate management based on empowerment theory, which lays a solid foundation for bridging gaps in health and well‐being.
Prediction of successful labor induction in persons with a low Bishop score using machine learning: Secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials
Authors: D'Souza Rohan , Doyle Orla , Miller Hugh , Pillai Natasha , Angehrn Zuzanna , Li Philip , Ispas‐Jouron Simona 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this paper was to identify predictors of a vaginal birth in individuals with singleton pregnancies and a Bishop Score <4, following Induction of Labor (IoL) using dinoprostone vaginal insert (DVI). Secondarily, we sought to understand the association between oxytocin use for labor augmentation and IoL outcomes.MethodsWe developed and internally validated a multivariate prediction model using machine learning (ML) applied to data from two Phase‐III randomized controlled double‐blind trials (NCT01127581, NCT00308711). The model was internally validated using 10‐fold cross‐validation.ResultsThis study included 1107 participants. Despite unfavorable cervical status and inclusion of high‐risk pregnancies, 72% of participants had vaginal births. The model's area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.73. The following factors increased the chance of vaginal birth: being parous; being between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation; having a lower Body Mass Index; having a lower maternal age; having fewer maternal comorbidities; and having a higher Bishop score. Parity alone correctly predicted the outcome in ~50% of cases, at a ~10% false‐negative rate.Participants whose labors progressed without requiring oxytocin had a higher probability of vaginal birth than those requiring oxytocin for either induction or augmentation (81% vs 70% vs 77%, respectively).DiscussionEven in high‐risk pregnancies and with low Bishop scores, the use of DVI results in a high chance of vaginal birth. Parity is a critical predictor of success. The judicious use of oxytocin for labor induction or augmentation can increase the chance of vaginal birth. Our study validates the use of ML and predictive modeling for treatment response prediction when considering IoL.
Attrition of dental therapists in South Africa—A 42‐year review
Authors: Sodo Pumla Pamella , Jewett Sara , Nemutandani Mbulaheni Simon , Yengopal Veerasamy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionDental therapists are mid‐level oral healthcare providers introduced in 1977 to the South African health system to improve access to oral health services. There has, however, been anecdotal evidence of their unusually high rate of attrition that is cause for concern.Aim and ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the demographic profile and attrition rate among members of the South African Dental Therapy profession.MethodsA retrospective time series review of records of all dental therapists who were previously registered and who are still registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) between 1977 and 2019 was conducted.ResultsA total of 1232 dental therapists were registered from 1977 to 2019. The majority (64%) were Africans. Most practicing dental therapists were based in KwaZulu‐Natal (44%) and Gauteng (27%), which are the provinces where dental therapists are trained. The overall attrition rate between 1977 and 2019 was 40%, with a figure of 9% for the last 10 years of the study (2010 to 2019).ConclusionThis study has provided the first evidence of the high attrition rate of dental therapists in South Africa. The high attrition warrants further investigation to address the loss of valuable human resources from an already overburdened and under‐resourced public oral health sector.
Engaging stakeholders in wildlife disease management: Hunters' willingness to adopt and support biosecurity actions to prevent the spread of rabbit hemorrhagic disease
Authors: Shapiro Hannah G. , D'Angelo Gino , Ruder Mark G. , Pienaar Elizabeth F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) is a highly contagious virus that primarily infects rabbits and hares (lagomorphs) and poses a serious threat to lagomorph populations and hunting. Wildlife agencies in the United States rely on hunters to report RHDV2‐related mortalities and engage in voluntary biosecurity actions to prevent the spread of RHDV2. From April 2021 to April 2022, we conducted a nationwide survey of 22,511 hunters to ascertain their willingness to engage in voluntary biosecurity actions and support government‐mandated biosecurity measures. Respondents expressed greatest willingness to report suspicious lagomorph deaths to wildlife agencies. Respondents' willingness to engage in or support biosecurity actions was positively correlated with their risk perceptions pertaining to lagomorph deaths and the economic impacts of RHDV2, perceptions of the importance of biosecurity, and trust in state agencies to manage RHDV2. We found evidence that respondents' willingness to engage in or support biosecurity actions was also positively correlated with their knowledge of RHDV2. Wildlife agencies should clearly communicate about RHDV2 and its adverse impacts on lagomorphs, biodiversity, and hunting to engage hunters in biosecurity measures. Hunters can provide valuable information about lagomorph population trends and mortality events in the areas they hunt, a cost‐effective method to augment agency surveillance.
Optimism, pessimism, and perceptions of the Jordanian government's COVID‐19 response
Authors: Yaghi Abdulfattah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aims to examine people's optimistic and pessimistic perceptions of the government's capacity, intention, and performance during and after the lockdowns declared in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. An online survey was administered in Jordan and responses were collected from a convenience sample of 1245 citizens during April and May 2020. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and multiple regression reveal the following findings: (a) people expressed high levels of pessimism and low levels of trust and satisfaction concerning the government's intention, capacity, and performance, (b) people perceived the government to be a complex, multi‐faceted entity rather than a homogeneous entity, and (c) in assessing government performance, people considered the following dimensions: totality of government, institutions of public administration, high‐ranking public officials, and ordinary, public sector employees.
Free land, heavy burden: Industrial land administrative allocation and local fiscal imbalance in China
Authors: Huang Bo , Li Haitong , Lei Jinghua , Wang Yiqian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing data from 285 Chinese cities for the years 2005–2018, this study analyzes the relationship between industrial land administrative allocation and local government fiscal imbalance in China. We find that the administrative allocation of industrial land significantly increases excessive fiscal expenditures and exacerbated fiscal imbalances. The increases in relevant government investment and transportation construction cost are the mechanisms by which industrial land administrative allocation aggravate government's financial imbalance. Further analysis indicates that land administrative allocation in medium cities, highly industrialized cities, and highly marketized cities have more significant impacts on local government' fiscal excess expenditures and deficits.
Fracture energy of CNT/epoxy nanocomposites with progressive interphase debonding, cavitation, and plastic deformation of nanovoids
Authors: Tiwari Anupam , Panda Saroja Kanta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe characteristics of the debonding process zone involving macroscale, microscale, and nanoscale mechanisms along CNT interface influence the fracture behavior of nanocomposites and their structural integrity. In current article, a multi‐scale and multi‐mechanism modeling approach with a cylindrical RVE comprising CNT, interphase, and matrix is developed to assess such damage progression and energy dissipation occurring at the nanoscale. The model considers the dominant damaging phenomena emerging in CNT/epoxy nanocomposites, that is, CNT debonding with an interphase zone around nanoparticles, cavitation, and plastic deformation of nanovoids. Enhancement of fracture toughness with the weight fraction of CNT is investigated with a qualitative variation of geometric and mechanical properties of the interphase, cavitation, and plastic yielding adopting strain energy release rate procedures. The fracture energy is shown to be critically influenced by the stiffness ratio of interphase to the matrix, interphase thickness, and hardening exponent. The model is validated using experimental and analytical data.
Helicobacter pylori‐positive chronic atrophic gastritis and cellular senescence
Authors: Zheng Shi‐yu , Zhu Lu , Wu Lu‐yi , Liu Hui‐rong , Ma Xiao‐peng , Li Qi , Wu Meng‐die , Wang Wen‐jia , Li Jing , Wu Huan‐gan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a pathological stage in the Correa’s cascade, whereby Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the primary cause. Cellular senescence is an inducing factor for cancer occurrence and cellular senescence is an obvious phenomenon in gastric mucosal tissues of H. pylori‐positive CAG patients.MethodsIn this review, we collated the information on cellular senescence and H. pylori‐positive CAG.ResultsAt present, only a few studies have observed the effect of cellular senescence on precancerous lesions. In combination with the latest research, this review has collated the information on cellular senescence and H. pylori‐positive CAG from four aspects‐ telomere shortening, DNA methylation, increased reacive oxygen species (ROS) production, and failure of autophagy.ConclusionThis is expected to be helpful for exploring the relevant mechanisms underlying inflammatory cancerous transformation and formulating appropriate treatment strategies.
Application of text mining to the development and validation of a geographic search filter to facilitate evidence retrieval in Ovid MEDLINE: An example from the United States
Authors: Cheung Antoinette , Popoff Evan , Szabo Shelagh M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundGiven the increasing volume of published research in bibliographic databases, efficient retrieval of evidence is crucial and represents an opportunity to integrate novel techniques such as text mining.ObjectivesTo develop and validate a geographic search filter for identifying research from the United States (US) in Ovid MEDLINE.MethodsUS and non‐US citations were collected from bibliographies of evidence‐based reviews. Citations were partitioned by US/non‐US status and randomly divided to a training and testing set. Using text mining, common one‐ and two‐word terms in title/abstract fields were identified, and frequencies compared between US/non‐US citations.ResultsCommon US‐related terms included (as ratio of frequency in US/non‐US citations) US populations and geographic terms [e.g., ‘Americans’ (15.5), ‘Baltimore’ (20.0)]. Common non‐US terms were non‐US geographic terms [e.g., ‘Japan’ (0.04), ‘French’ (0.05)]. A search filter was developed with 98.3% sensitivity and 82.7% specificity.DiscussionThis search filter will streamline the identification of evidence from the US. Periodic updates may be necessary to reflect changes in MEDLINE's controlled vocabulary.ConclusionText mining was instrumental to the development of this search filter. A novel technique generated a gold standard set comprising >20,000 citations. This method may be adapted to develop subsequent geographic search filters.