bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of biomarkers for glycaemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Slieker Roderick C. , Donnelly Louise A. , Akalestou Elina , Lopez-Noriega Livia , Melhem Rana , Güneş Ayşim , Abou Azar Frederic , Efanov Alexander , Georgiadou Eleni , Muniangi-Muhitu Hermine , Sheikh Mahsa , Giordano Giuseppe N. , Åkerlund Mikael , Ahlqvist Emma , Ali Ashfaq , Banasik Karina , Brunak Søren , Barovic Marko , Bouland Gerard A. , Burdet Frédéric , Canouil Mickaël , Dragan Iulian , Elders Petra J. M. , Fernandez Celine , Festa Andreas , Fitipaldi Hugo , Froguel Phillippe , Gudmundsdottir Valborg , Gudnason Vilmundur , Gerl Mathias J. , van der Heijden Amber A. , Jennings Lori L. , Hansen Michael K. , Kim Min , Leclerc Isabelle , Klose Christian , Kuznetsov Dmitry , Mansour Aly Dina , Mehl Florence , Marek Diana , Melander Olle , Niknejad Anne , Ottosson Filip , Pavo Imre , Duffin Kevin , Syed Samreen K. , Shaw Janice L. , Cabrera Over , Pullen Timothy J. , Simons Kai , Solimena Michele , Suvitaival Tommi , Wretlind Asger , Rossing Peter , Lyssenko Valeriya , Legido Quigley Cristina , Groop Leif , Thorens Bernard , Franks Paul W. , Lim Gareth E. , Estall Jennifer , Ibberson Mark , Beulens Joline W. J. , ’t Hart Leen M , Pearson Ewan R. , Rutter Guy A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two cohorts, levels of GDF15/MIC-1, IL-18Ra, CRELD1, NogoR, FAS, and ENPP7 are associated with faster progression, whilst SMAC/DIABLO, SPOCK1 and HEMK2 predict lower progression rates. In an external replication, proteins and lipids are associated with diabetes incidence and prevalence. NogoR/RTN4R injection improved glucose tolerance in high fat-fed male mice but impaired it in male db/db mice. High NogoR levels led to islet cell apoptosis, and IL-18R antagonised inflammatory IL-18 signalling towards nuclear factor kappa-B in vitro. This comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approach thus identifies biomarkers with potential prognostic utility, provides evidence for possible disease mechanisms, and identifies potential therapeutic avenues to slow diabetes progression.
Dispersion-engineered metasurfaces reaching broadband 90% relative diffraction efficiency
Authors: Chen Wei Ting , Park Joon-Suh , Marchioni Justin , Millay Sophia , Yousef Kerolos M. A. , Capasso Federico 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDispersion results from the variation of index of refraction as well as electric field confinement in sub-wavelength structures. It usually results in efficiency decrease in metasurface components leading to troublesome scattering into unwanted directions. In this letter, by dispersion engineering, we report a set of eight nanostructures whose dispersion properties are nearly identical to each other while being capable of providing 0 to 2π full-phase coverage. Our nanostructure set enables broadband and polarization-insensitive metasurface components reaching 90% relative diffraction efficiency (normalized to the power of transmitted light) from 450 nm to 700 nm in wavelength. Relative diffraction efficiency is important at a system level – in addition to diffraction efficiency (normalized to the power of incident light) – as it considers only the transmitted optical power that can affect the signal to noise ratio. We first illustrate our design principle by a chromatic dispersion-engineered metasurface grating, then show that other metasurface components such as chromatic metalenses can also be implemented by the same set of nanostructures with significantly improved relative diffraction efficiency.
Molecular architecture of the Gαi-bound TRPC5 ion channel
Authors: Won Jongdae , Kim Jinsung , Jeong Hyeongseop , Kim Jinhyeong , Feng Shasha , Jeong Byeongseok , Kwak Misun , Ko Juyeon , Im Wonpil , So Insuk , Lee Hyung Ho 
Published: May 2023

AbstractG-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and ion channels serve as key molecular switches through which extracellular stimuli are transformed into intracellular effects, and it has long been postulated that ion channels are direct effector molecules of the alpha subunit of G-proteins (Gα). However, no complete structural evidence supporting the direct interaction between Gα and ion channels is available. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5)-Gαi3complexes with a 4:4 stoichiometry in lipid nanodiscs. Remarkably, Gαi3binds to the ankyrin repeat edge of TRPC5 ~ 50 Å away from the cell membrane. Electrophysiological analysis shows that Gαi3increases the sensitivity of TRPC5 to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), thereby rendering TRPC5 more easily opened in the cell membrane, where the concentration of PIP2is physiologically regulated. Our results demonstrate that ion channels are one of the direct effector molecules of Gα proteins triggered by GPCR activation–providing a structural framework for unraveling the crosstalk between two major classes of transmembrane proteins: GPCRs and ion channels.
Experimental electronic structure of the electrically switchable antiferromagnet CuMnAs
Authors: Linn A. Garrison , Hao Peipei , Gordon Kyle N. , Narayan Dushyant , Berggren Bryan S. , Speiser Nathaniel , Reimers Sonka , Campion Richard P. , Novák Vít , Dhesi Sarnjeet S. , Kim Timur K. , Cacho Cephise , Šmejkal Libor , Jungwirth Tomáš , Denlinger Jonathan D. , Wadley Peter , Dessau Daniel S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTetragonal CuMnAs is a room temperature antiferromagnet with an electrically reorientable Néel vector and a Dirac semimetal candidate. Direct measurements of the electronic structure of single-crystalline thin films of tetragonal CuMnAs using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) are reported, including Fermi surfaces (FS) and energy-wavevector dispersions. After correcting for a chemical potential shift of ≈− 390 meV (hole doping), there is excellent agreement of FS, orbital character of bands, and Fermi velocities between the experiment and density functional theory calculations. In addition, 2×1 surface reconstructions are found in the low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and ARPES. This work underscores the need to control the chemical potential in tetragonal CuMnAs to enable the exploration and exploitation of the Dirac fermions with tunable masses, which are predicted to be above the chemical potential in the present samples.
Ligand and G-protein selectivity in the κ-opioid receptor
Authors: Han Jianming , Zhang Jingying , Nazarova Antonina L. , Bernhard Sarah M. , Krumm Brian E. , Zhao Lei , Lam Jordy Homing , Rangari Vipin A. , Majumdar Susruta , Nichols David E. , Katritch Vsevolod , Yuan Peng , Fay Jonathan F. , Che Tao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe κ-opioid receptor (KOR) represents a highly desirable therapeutic target for treating not only pain but also addiction and affective disorders1. However, the development of KOR analgesics has been hindered by the associated hallucinogenic side effects2. The initiation of KOR signalling requires the Gi/o-family proteins including the conventional (Gi1, Gi2, Gi3, GoA and GoB) and nonconventional (Gz and Gg) subtypes. How hallucinogens exert their actions through KOR and how KOR determines G-protein subtype selectivity are not well understood. Here we determined the active-state structures of KOR in a complex with multiple G-protein heterotrimers—Gi1, GoA, Gz and Gg—using cryo-electron microscopy. The KOR–G-protein complexes are bound to hallucinogenic salvinorins or highly selective KOR agonists. Comparisons of these structures reveal molecular determinants critical for KOR–G-protein interactions as well as key elements governing Gi/o-family subtype selectivity and KOR ligand selectivity. Furthermore, the four G-protein subtypes display an intrinsically different binding affinity and allosteric activity on agonist binding at KOR. These results provide insights into the actions of opioids and G-protein-coupling specificity at KOR and establish a foundation to examine the therapeutic potential of pathway-selective agonists of KOR.
Glioblastoma remodelling of human neural circuits decreases survival
Authors: Krishna Saritha , Choudhury Abrar , Keough Michael B. , Seo Kyounghee , Ni Lijun , Kakaizada Sofia , Lee Anthony , Aabedi Alexander , Popova Galina , Lipkin Benjamin , Cao Caroline , Nava Gonzales Cesar , Sudharshan Rasika , Egladyous Andrew , Almeida Nyle , Zhang Yalan , Molinaro Annette M. , Venkatesh Humsa S. , Daniel Andy G. S. , Shamardani Kiarash , Hyer Jeanette , Chang Edward F. , Findlay Anne , Phillips Joanna J. , Nagarajan Srikantan , Raleigh David R. , Brang David , Monje Michelle , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGliomas synaptically integrate into neural circuits1,2. Previous research has demonstrated bidirectional interactions between neurons and glioma cells, with neuronal activity driving glioma growth1–4 and gliomas increasing neuronal excitability2,5–8. Here we sought to determine how glioma-induced neuronal changes influence neural circuits underlying cognition and whether these interactions influence patient survival. Using intracranial brain recordings during lexical retrieval language tasks in awake humans together with site-specific tumour tissue biopsies and cell biology experiments, we find that gliomas remodel functional neural circuitry such that task-relevant neural responses activate tumour-infiltrated cortex well beyond the cortical regions that are normally recruited in the healthy brain. Site-directed biopsies from regions within the tumour that exhibit high functional connectivity between the tumour and the rest of the brain are enriched for a glioblastoma subpopulation that exhibits a distinct synaptogenic and neuronotrophic phenotype. Tumour cells from functionally connected regions secrete the synaptogenic factor thrombospondin-1, which contributes to the differential neuron–glioma interactions observed in functionally connected tumour regions compared with tumour regions with less functional connectivity. Pharmacological inhibition of thrombospondin-1 using the FDA-approved drug gabapentin decreases glioblastoma proliferation. The degree of functional connectivity between glioblastoma and the normal brain negatively affects both patient survival and performance in language tasks. These data demonstrate that high-grade gliomas functionally remodel neural circuits in the human brain, which both promotes tumour progression and impairs cognition.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of bean flower thrips Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Authors: Ma Ling , Liu Qiaoqiao , Wei Shujun , Liu Shanlin , Tian Li , Song Fan , Duan Yuange , Cai Wanzhi , Li Hu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBean flower thrips Megalurothrips usitatus is a staple pest of cowpea and other legumes and causes dramatic economic losses. Its small size allows for easy concealment, and large reproductive capacity easily leads to infestations. Despite the importance of a genome in developing novel management strategies, genetic studies on M. usitatus remain limited. Thus, we generated a chromosome-level M. usitatus genome using a combination of PacBio long read and Hi-C technologies. The assembled genome was 238.14 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 13.85 Mb. The final genome was anchored into 16 pseudo-chromosomes containing 14,000 genes, of which 91.74% were functionally annotated. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that expanded gene families were enriched in fatty acid metabolism and detoxification metabolism (ABC transporters), and contracted gene families were strongly associated with chitin-based cuticle development and sensory perception of taste. In conclusion, this high-quality genome provides an invaluable resource for us to understand the thrips’ ecology and genetics, contributing to pest management.
Machine learning reduces soft costs for residential solar photovoltaics
Authors: Dong Changgui , Nemet Gregory , Gao Xue , Barbose Galen , Sigrin Benjamin , O’Shaughnessy Eric 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFurther deployment of rooftop solar photovoltaics (PV) hinges on the reduction of soft (non-hardware) costs—now larger and more resistant to reductions than hardware costs. The largest portion of these soft costs is the expenses solar companies incur to acquire new customers. In this study, we demonstrate the value of a shift from significance-based methodologies to prediction-oriented models to better identify PV adopters and reduce soft costs. We employ machine learning to predict PV adopters and non-adopters, and compare its prediction performance with logistic regression, the dominant significance-based method in technology adoption studies. Our results show that machine learning substantially enhances adoption prediction performance: The true positive rate of predicting adopters increased from 66 to 87%, and the true negative rate of predicting non-adopters increased from 75 to 88%. We attribute the enhanced performance to complex variable interactions and nonlinear effects incorporated by machine learning. With more accurate predictions, machine learning is able to reduce customer acquisition costs by 15% ($0.07/Watt) and identify new market opportunities for solar companies to expand and diversify their customer bases. Our research methods and findings provide broader implications for the adoption of similar clean energy technologies and related policy challenges such as market growth and energy inequality.
Using augmented reality to guide bone conduction device implantation
Authors: Lui Justin T. , Dahm Valerie , Chen Joseph M. , Lin Vincent Y. , Irish Jonathan C. , Le Trung N. , Chan Harley H. L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExact placement of bone conduction implants requires avoidance of critical structures. Existing guidance technologies for intraoperative placement have lacked widespread adoption given accessibility challenges and significant cognitive loading. The purpose of this study is to examine the application of augmented reality (AR) guided surgery on accuracy, duration, and ease on bone conduction implantation. Five surgeons surgically implanted two different types of conduction implants on cadaveric specimens with and without AR projection. Pre- and postoperative computer tomography scans were superimposed to calculate centre-to-centre distances and angular accuracies. Wilcoxon signed-rank testing was used to compare centre-to-centre (C-C) and angular accuracies between the control and experimental arms. Additionally, projection accuracy was derived from the distance between the bony fiducials and the projected fiducials using image guidance coordinates. Both operative time (4.3 ± 1.2 min. vs. 6.6 ± 3.5 min., p = 0.030) and centre-to-centre distances surgery (1.9 ± 1.6 mm vs. 9.0 ± 5.3 mm, p < 0.001) were significantly less in augmented reality guided surgery. The difference in angular accuracy, however, was not significantly different. The overall average distance between the bony fiducial markings and the AR projected fiducials was 1.7 ± 0.6 mm. With direct intraoperative reference, AR-guided surgery enhances bone conduction implant placement while reduces operative time when compared to conventional surgical planning.
Vegetarians have an indirect positive effect on sleep quality through depression condition
Authors: Wang Xiaodi , Song Fangfang , Wang Bian , Qu Lei , Yu Zhiping , Shen Xiuhua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the association between a vegetarian diet and sleep quality among Chinese healthy adults and explore potential contributing factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 280 vegetarians and 280 age- and sex-matched omnivores from Shanghai, China. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Central Depression Scale (CES-D) were used to assess sleep and depression condition, respectively. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (SQFFQ) was employed to assess dietary intakes, and body composition was measured with InBody720. Multi-linear regression and logistic regression analysis were performed for the data analysis. The sleep quality was significantly better in the vegetarians than in the omnivores (PSQI score: 2.80 ± 2.02 vs. 3.27 ± 1.90, p = 0.005). The proportion of vegetarians who reported self-satisfied sleep was also higher than that of the omnivores (84.6% vs. 76.1%, p = 0.011). However, after adjusted for the depression condition (CES-D scores), the difference in sleep quality between vegetarians and omnivores became insignificant (p = 0.053). Compared to omnivores, vegetarians had lower depression scores (CES-D: 9.37 ± 6.24 vs. 10.94 ± 7.00, p = 0.006). After controlling for confounding factors, there was positive association between depression condition and sleep quality (β = 0.106, 95%CI: 0.083 to 0.129, p < 0.001). Similarly, participants with better CES-D score had a lower risk of sleep disorders after controlling for the same confounding factors (OR = 1.109, 95%CI: 1.072 to 1.147, p < 0.001). Different contributing factors were reported in the vegetarian group and omnivore group. In conclusion, a vegetarian diet might improve sleep quality by moderating mental health, particularly depression condition.
Psychometric properties of the Bern illegitimate tasks scale using classical test and item response theories
Authors: Basinska Beata Aleksandra , Dåderman Anna Maria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCombining a classical test theory and an item response theory (IRT), this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Bern Illegitimate Tasks Scale (BITS) by measuring two conceptually separate dimensions capturing unnecessary tasks (perceived by employees as pointless) and unreasonable tasks (perceived as unfairly or inappropriately assigned). Data collected among Polish employees in two samples (N = 965 and N = 803) were analysed. Results from the classical test theory (parallel analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses) indicated two correlated factors with four items each, confirming the theory of illegitimate tasks. This study is the first to report item and scale functioning using IRT analysis of each of the two dimensions of BITS. All items on each dimension had acceptable discrimination and difficulty parameters. Moreover, items had measurement invariance between men and women. All levels of unnecessary and unreasonable tasks were reliably captured by BITS items. Convergent and discriminant validities of both dimensions of BITS were confirmed in relation to work overload, work performance and occupational wellbeing. We conclude that BITS, in the case of the Polish version, is psychometrically suitable to use with the working population.
Human and dog Bayesian dietary mixing models using bone collagen stable isotope ratios from ancestral Iroquoian sites in southern Ontario
Authors: Hart John P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnder the archaeological canine surrogacy approach (CSA) it is assumed that because dogs were reliant on humans for food, they had similar diets to the people with whom they lived. As a result, the stable isotope ratios of their tissues (bone collagen and apatite, tooth enamel and dentine collagen) will be close to those of the humans with whom they cohabited. Therefore, in the absence of human tissue, dog tissue isotopes can be used to help reconstruct past human diets. Here δ13C and δ15N ratios on previously published dog and human bone collagen from fourteenth-seventeenth century AD ancestral Iroquoian village archaeological sites and ossuaries in southern Ontario are used with MixSIAR, a Bayesian dietary mixing model, to determine if the dog stable isotope ratios are good proxies for human isotope ratios in dietary modeling for this context. The modeling results indicate that human dietary protein came primarily from maize and high trophic level fish and dogs from maize, terrestrial animals, low trophic level fish, and human feces. While isotopes from dog tissues can be used as general analogs for human tissue isotopes under CSA, greater insights into dog diets can be achieved with Bayesian dietary mixing models.
Mortality and bleeding associated with the management of sub-massive pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Mathew Don , Kim Jay , Kosuru Bhanu Prasad , Devagudi Deepthi , Sherif Akil , Shrestha Utsav , Bedi Prabhjot 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrent guidelines recommend anticoagulation (AC) for low and intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) and systemic thrombolysis (tPA) for high risk (massive) PE. How these treatment options compare with other modalities of treatment such as catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT), ultrasound assisted catheter thrombolysis (USAT), and administering lower dose of thrombolytics (LDT) is unclear. There is no study that has compared all these treatment options. We conducted a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in patients with submassive (intermediate risk) PE. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included, comprising 2132 patients. On Bayesian network meta-analysis, a significant decrease in mortality was noted in tPA versus AC. There was no significant difference between USAT versus CDT. For risk of major bleeding, there was no significant difference in relative risk of major bleeding between tPA versus AC and USAT versus CDT. tPA was found to have a significantly higher risk of minor bleeding and a lower risk of recurrent PE compared to AC. Systemic thrombolysis is associated with a significant reduction in mortality and recurrent PE compared to anticoagulation but an increased risk of minor bleeding. There was no difference in risk of major bleeding. Our study also shows that while the newer modalities of treatment for pulmonary embolism are promising, there is lack of data to comment on the purported advantages.
Predictive value of acoustic cardiography for post-PCI early ventricular remodeling in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Hao Haizhen , Fan Tingting , Yue Jia , Wang Mingyang , Chen Moshui , Deng Guolan , Si Liangyi , Zhang Fuwei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcoustic cardiography is a completely new technology, it has great advantages in the rapid diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical value of the fourth heart sound (S4), cardiac systolic dysfunction index (SDI), and the cardiac cycle time-corrected electromechanical activation time (EMATc) in the prediction of post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) early ventricular remodeling (EVR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We recruited 161 patients with AMI of 72-h post-PCI, including 44 EVR patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% and 117 Non-EVR patients (normal left ventricular systolic function group, LVEF ≥ 50%). EMATc, S4, and SDI were independent risk factors for post-PCI early ventricular remodeling in patients with AMI [S4 (OR 2.860, 95% CI 1.297–6.306, p = 0.009), SDI (OR 4.068, 95% CI 1.800–9.194, p = 0.001), and EMATc (OR 1.928, 95% CI 1.420–2.619, p < 0.001)]. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for EMATc was 0.89, with an optimal cutoff point of 12.2, EMATc had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 83%. By contrast, an optimal cutoff point of 100 pg/ml, Serum brain natriuretic peptide had a sensitivity of 46% and a specificity of 83%. Our findings suggest the predictive value of EMATc for the occurrence of EVR in these patients was also identified; EMATc may be a simple, quick, and effective way to diagnose EVR after AMI.