bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The percentage of mesorectal infiltration as a prognostic factor after curative surgery for pT3 rectal cancer
Authors: Sancho‐Muriel Jorge , Giner Francisco , Cholewa Hanna , Garcia‐Granero Álvaro , Roselló Susana , Flor‐Lorente Blas , Cervantes Andres , Garcia‐Granero Eduardo , Frasson Matteo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of a novel variable – the percentage of mesorectal infiltration (PMI) – in pT3 rectal cancer.MethodA cohort of 241 patients with pT3 rectal adenocarcinoma, operated on between February 2002 and May 2019, was selected for the analysis. Data concerning patient, treatment and tumour characteristics were collected. The depth of mesorectal infiltration (DMI) and the distance between the deepest invasion and the circumferential resection margin (CRM) were measured. The PMI was calculated using a formula combining these parameters.ResultsNeoadjuvant therapy was administered in 33.2% of cases. A complete mesorectal excision was achieved in 74% of patients. The CRM was affected in 24 patients (9.9%). The 5‐year actuarial local recurrence (LR), overall recurrence (OR) and overall survival (OS) rates were 7.5%, 22.9% and 72.4%, respectively. The PMI was significantly associated with worse oncological outcomes regarding LR (p = 0.009), OR (p = 0.001) and OS (p = 0.016) rates. A cut‐off value of PMI >60% had the highest specificity (80%) for LR (p = 0.026), OR (p = 0.04) and OS (p = 0.07).ConclusionThe PMI has an adverse prognostic impact on the oncological results following surgery for pT3 rectal cancer. It allows prediction of the risk of both LR and distant recurrence with higher accuracy than the DMI or the distance to the CRM. A PMI >60% may be used as a cut off value while subclassifying pT3 rectal tumours. It may influence decision‐making while establishing adjuvant treatment and the follow‐up schedule.
Microsecretory adenocarcinoma of the skin, a novel type of sweat gland carcinoma: Report of three additional cases
Authors: Bogiatzi Sofia , Estenaga Angela , Louveau Baptiste , Osio Amélie , Deschamps Lydia , Mourah Samia , Poirot Brigitte , Lehmann‐Che Jacqueline , Cribier Bernard , Battistella Maxime 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMicrosecretory adenocarcinoma (MSA) is a newly described salivary gland tumor harboring a characteristic balanced chromosomal translocation resulting in MEF2C::SS18 gene fusion. Six primary cutaneous MSA cases have been recently described. We report three additional cases confirming the relevance of this recently identified entity of primary cutaneous adnexal tumor. Three patients aged 53‐, 64‐ and 78‐year‐old were retrospectively diagnosed with MSA of the skin (MSAS) as consultation cases of the CARADERM (CAncers RAres DERMatologiques) national network. The clinical presentation was an indolent nodule on the upper extremities. There was no history of salivary gland tumor. Histopathologically, the tumors presented as dermal nodular proliferation with slightly infiltrative borders, composed of cribriform and microcystic structures with abundant myxoid intraluminal secretion embedded in a fibromyxoid stroma. They diffusely expressed cytokeratin 8 and SOX10, focally p63 and heterogeneously smooth muscle actin. All tumors harbored the MEF2C::SS18 gene fusion. A complete surgical excision was performed. No local recurrence or distant metastases were observed so far (follow‐up: 17, 38, and 45 months). MSAS is the cutaneous homologue of MSA of the salivary gland, a low‐grade adnexal neoplasm whose prognosis seems to be excellent once the complete removal of the tumor is assured.
Fine needle aspiration cytology of metastatic tumours to the thyroid
Authors: Saini Tarunpreet , Gupta Parikshaa , Gupta Nalini , Srinivasan Radhika , Saikia Uma Nahar , Dey Pranab 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetastasis to the thyroid gland from non‐thyroid sites is relatively rare and often poses a diagnostic difficulty on fine‐needle aspiration cytology, as it often mimics primary thyroid neoplasms.MethodsAll cases of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of metastasis to the thyroid gland (2014‐2022) were selected from the pathology database. The detailed cytopathological features and histopathology of the cases were studied.ResultsThere was a total of 18 cases of secondary tumours of the thyroid. All cases had confirmed histopathological data. The most common primary tumours in our study were squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus (nine cases) followed by infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast (four cases), and one case each of renal cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung, adenocarcinoma stomach and malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma from vallecula.ConclusionMetastasis to thyroid carcinoma is relatively uncommon. A history of malignancy, the presence of malignant cells amid benign thyroid follicular cells, unusual malignancy in a FNAC smear and immunocytochemistry are helpful in diagnosing such cases.
Context dependency in interference competition among birds in an endangered woodland ecosystem
Authors: Lindenmayer D. B. , Blanchard W. , Evans M. J. , Beggs R. , Lavery T. , Florance D. , Crane C. , Smith D. , Siegrist A. , Lang E. , Scheele B. C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimMuch research has quantified species responses to human‐modified ecosystems. However, there is limited work on how human‐modified ecosystems may reshape competitive interactions between species. Using a 19‐year study across 3 million ha, we aimed to answer the question: Are levels of interference competition between bird species context dependent and influenced by habitat structure and productivity? We focussed on the hyper‐aggressive behaviour of the Noisy Miner (Manorina melanocephala), which is recognized as a key threatening process for other woodland bird species in Australia. Whether environmental conditions such as amount of forest cover and net primary productivity (NPP) mediate the Noisy Miners' impact remains untested at large spatiotemporal scales.LocationTemperate woodlands of south‐eastern Australia.MethodsWe gathered data on bird site occupancy from repeated surveys of field sites and assembled satellite data on tree cover and NPP. We constructed Bayesian multi‐species occupancy/detection models of bird species in woodland patches and tested the fixed and interactive effects of Noisy Miner presence, the amount of tree cover, NPP, and time. We quantified the responses of 31 species, many with known interactions with the Noisy Miner documented previously at fine spatial scales.ResultsWe identified negative associations between the Noisy Miner and 18 bird species, including, unexpectedly, both small and large bodied taxa. Site occupancy in some species was influenced by interactions between Noisy Miner presence and increasing amounts of tree cover or productivity. For some species, interference competition by the Noisy Miner is context‐dependent and mitigated by increasing tree cover and/or increasing NPP.Main ConclusionsOur analyses revealed that woodland bird conservation in our study region will be promoted by protecting refugia characterized by areas of high NPP and high tree cover. Preventing vegetation clearing that reduces tree cover could reduce interference competition by the Noisy Miner on parts of the remaining woodland bird community, including species of conservation concern.
Real‐world performance of the MiniMed 780G advanced hybrid closed loop system in Latin America: Substantial improvement in glycaemic control with each technology iteration of the MiniMed automated insulin delivery system
Authors: Grassi Bruno , Gómez Ana Maria , Calliari Luis Eduardo , Franco Denise , Raggio Marcela , Riera Francisca , Castro Matias , McVean Jennifer , van den Heuvel Tim , Arrieta Arcelia , Castañeda Javier , Cohen Ohad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimWe studied real‐world performance of MiniMed (MM) 780G system users from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Chile (geographical analysis), and the effect of each technology iteration of the MM system on glycaemic control (technology iteration analysis).Materials and MethodsCareLink data from August 2020 to September 2022 were extracted. Endpoints included continuous glucose monitoring metrics. For the geographical analysis, aggregated endpoints for MM780G system users were calculated. For the technology iteration analysis, MM780G system user outcomes were compared with outcomes when the same individuals were still using the MM640G or MM670G system.ResultsOn average, 1025 MM780G system users from the geographical analysis were followed for 136 (SD 135) days, spent 91.5 (14.3)% in advanced hybrid closed loop, showed a glucose management indicator (GMI) of 6.7 (0.3)%, a time in range between 70 and 180 mg/dl (TIR) of 76.5 (9.0)%, and a time below range 70 mg/dl (TBR) of 2.7 (2.1)%. The percentage of users reaching targets of GMI <7%, TIR >70% and TBR <4% was 80.8%, 78.1% and 80.1%, respectively. The technology iteration analysis on users transitioning from MM640G to MM780G system (N = 381) showed 0.4% decrease in GMI (7.1% to 6.7%, p < .0001), 10.7% increase in TIR (65.9% to 76.6%, p < .0001), while TBR remained. The percentage of insulin delivered automatically increased as well (47.5%‐57.7%, p < .0001). Users transitioning from MM670G system (N = 78) showed a similar but less pronounced pattern.ConclusionsReal‐world Latin American MM780G users on average showed good glucose control, achieving international targets. Glycaemic control increased with every technology iteration of the MM system, providing more automation each time.
Network‐based appointments and board diversity
Authors: Lalanne Marie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the occurrence of network‐based appointments and its impact on board diversity. I use data on independent board appointments between 2006 and 2012 in large publicly listed firms in the USA, and exploit directors' CVs to uncover past social connections between candidates and current directors along various dimensions—from employment, education, army and social activities. I first estimate the probability of obtaining a board seat when being socially connected to members of the recruiting board. Using different assumptions to recreate the unobserved pool of candidates, I find that being socially connected to someone on the board increases the chances of obtaining the board seat between 35.8 and 41.1 percentage points, after controlling for a large set of firm and director characteristics together with firm and director fixed effects. I then study the change in board diversity following these appointments. While appointments of new independent directors affect board diversity positively, those that are made through networks are not significantly different. However, this is likely the result of appointing directors from a significantly homogeneous sample of individuals, whether connected or not, and suggests that in order to increase board diversity, efforts should be directed towards increasing diversity in the pool of candidates.
The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on multiple obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Jiang Luying , Liu Jingbo , Yang Zhenjia , Zhang Chunran , Wang Jianyu , Ke Wenkai , Zuo Houjuan , Wang Li 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals easily develop three‐vessel disease (3VD) coronary artery disease (CAD), there is very little information available about their left ventricle (LV) functions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the LV function using two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2‐D STE) in T2DM patients with 3VD.MethodsOne hundred and three consecutive patients with confirmed 3VD CAD were enrolled and divided into two groups, while 53 patients with DM and 50 patients without. The control group was composed of 30 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy individuals. All patients underwent 2‐D STE and standard echocardiograms. The durations of DM and the level of HbA1c were also recorded.ResultBetween the 3VD‐DM and 3VD‐non‐DM groups, normal echocardiography did not reveal any appreciable differences. However, patients with 3VD‐DM had significantly lower global longitudinal strain (GLS) than those with 3VD‐non‐DM (15.87 ± 2.51 vs.17.56 ± 2.72, p < .05) by 2‐D STE strain measurement. Besides, patients whose duration of DM excess 5 years showed significant lower GLS than those with less than 5 years duration (14.25 ± 2.31 vs. 16.65 ± 1.96, p = .007). However, there was no difference in GLS between the 3VD‐DM patients with HbA1c ≥ 7% and HbA1c < 7%.ConclusionsCompared to patients with 3VD alone, those with 3VD‐DM have a lower cardiac function. In 3VD‐DM patients, the duration of DM is a significant factor that contributes to cardiac function deterioration, whereas, the glucose control state has limited influence.
Reasons for non‐attendance in youth mental health clinics: Insights from mobile messaging communications
Authors: Ayalde Jeremiah , Soong Wei , Thomas Shane , McCann Polly , Griffiths Jennifer , Nicholls Craig , Heble Samir , Dragovic Milan , Waters Flavie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimNon‐attendance at appointments in youth mental health services is a common problem which contributes to reduced service effectiveness and unmet needs. Reasons cited by young people for non‐attendance are poorly understood. Information derived from short‐message‐service (SMS) conversations about appointments between patients and clinicians can uncover new insights about the circumstances leading to ‘did not attend’ events.MethodsText messages between young people and clinicians were examined in a retrospective audit of medical records in two youth mental health services in Perth, Australia. Frequently non‐attending young people aged 16–24 (n = 40) engaged in 302 SMS message chains about appointments. Mixed methods included quantitative data and qualitative thematic analysis of textual data.ResultsMedical reasons (32/190, 16.8%) and forgetfulness (20/190, 10.5%) were the most frequent reasons for non‐attendance. Major issues included non‐avoidable events while others were potentially preventable and could be addressed by the service.ConclusionsThe analysis of mobile communications in clinical practice can be used for service evaluation and to reveal barriers that impede attendance to ongoing care.
VEXAS syndrome: A review of bone marrow aspirate and biopsies reporting myeloid and erythroid precursor vacuolation
Authors: Cherniawsky Hannah , Friedmann Jordan , Nicolson Hamish , Dehghan Natasha , Stubbins Ryan J. , Foltz Lynda M. , Leitch Heather A. , Sreenivasan Gayatri M. , Ambler Kimberley L. S. , Nevill Thomas J. , McGinnis Eric , Wilson Lorena , Beck David B. , Chen Luke Y. C. , Marcon Krista M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMyeloid and erythroid precursor vacuolation is a common dysplastic finding associated with myeloid malignancies, toxins, drug, and nutritional deficiencies. It has been described as a core morphologic feature in VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X‐linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome. We sought to determine the number of cases attributable to VEXAS syndrome in bone marrow biopsies and aspirates (BAMB) reporting myeloid precursor vacuolation. We reviewed 1318 individual BAMB reports from January 2020 to July 2021 where “vacuole(s),” “vacuolation,” or “vacuolated” was reported. Bone marrow biopsies with vacuolation confined to blasts or those completed as routine workup prior to stem cell transplant or post induction chemotherapy for AML (acute myeloid leukemia) were excluded. Myeloid and erythroid precursor vacuolation was noted in 219 reports representing 210 patients. The most common etiology was myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (38.6%), AML (16.7%), lymphoproliferative disorders and multiple myeloma (7.6%), drug or toxin exposure (5.2%) myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) or MPN/MDS overlap syndrome (4.3%). VEXAS syndrome was determined to be the etiology in 2.9% of patients. Two additional cases of VEXAS syndrome with bone marrow biopsies reported in the specified time frame did not explicitly report myeloid or erythroid precursor vacuolation but were identified based on clinical suspicion and repeat BAMB review. Myeloid and erythroid precursor vacuolation is a dysplastic feature attributable to VEXAS syndrome in at least 2.9% of cases. Standardized reporting of vacuolization, triaging of molecular sequencing and optimal treatment of this disorder are critical issues facing those seeing patients with suspected VEXAS syndrome.
Functional connectivity fingerprints of the frontal eye field and inferior frontal junction suggest spatial versus nonspatial processing in the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Soyuhos Orhan , Baldauf Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeuroimaging evidence suggests that the frontal eye field (FEF) and inferior frontal junction (IFJ) govern the encoding of spatial and nonspatial (such as feature‐ or object‐based) representations, respectively, both during visual attention and working memory tasks. However, it is still unclear whether such contrasting functional segregation is also reflected in their underlying functional connectivity patterns. Here, we hypothesized that FEF has predominant functional coupling with spatiotopically organized regions in the dorsal (‘where’) visual stream whereas IFJ has predominant functional connectivity with the ventral (‘what’) visual stream. We applied seed‐based functional connectivity analyses to temporally high‐resolving resting‐state magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings. We parcellated the brain according to the multimodal Glasser atlas and tested, for various frequency bands, whether the spontaneous activity of each parcel in the ventral and dorsal visual pathway has predominant functional connectivity with FEF or IFJ. The results show that FEF has a robust power correlation with the dorsal visual pathway in beta and gamma bands. In contrast, anterior IFJ (IFJa) has a strong power coupling with the ventral visual stream in delta, beta and gamma oscillations. Moreover, while FEF is phase‐coupled with the superior parietal lobe in the beta band, IFJa is phase‐coupled with the middle and inferior temporal cortex in delta and gamma oscillations. We argue that these intrinsic connectivity fingerprints are congruent with each brain region's function. Therefore, we conclude that FEF and IFJ have dissociable connectivity patterns that fit their respective functional roles in spatial versus nonspatial top‐down attention and working memory control.
Characterization of ventromedial hypothalamus activity during exposure to innate and conditioned threats
Authors: Tobias Brooke C. , Schuette Peter J. , Maesta‐Pereira Sandra , Torossian Anita , Wang Weisheng , Sethi Ekayana , Adhikari Avishek 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the face of imminent predatory danger, animals quickly detect the threat and mobilize key survival defensive actions, such as escape and freezing. The dorsomedial portion of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is a central node in innate and conditioned predator‐induced defensive behaviours. Prior studies have shown that activity of steroidogenic factor 1 (sf1)‐expressing VMH cells is necessary for such defensive behaviours. However, sf1‐VMH neural activity during exposure to predatory threats has not been well characterized. Here, we use single‐cell recordings of calcium transients from VMH cells in male and female mice. We show this region is activated by threat proximity and that it encodes future occurrence of escape but not freezing. Our data also show that VMH cells encoded proximity of an innate predatory threat but not a fear‐conditioned shock grid. Furthermore, chemogenetic activation of the VMH increases avoidance of innate threats, such as open spaces and a live predator. This manipulation also increased freezing towards the predator, without altering defensive behaviours induced by a shock grid. Lastly, we show that optogenetic VMH activation recruited a broad swath of regions, suggestive of widespread changes in neural defensive state. Taken together, these data reveal the neural dynamics of the VMH during predator exposure and further highlight its role as a critical component of the hypothalamic predator defense system.
Prognostic interictal electroencephalographic biomarkers and models to assess antiseizure medication efficacy for clinical practice: A scoping review
Authors: Reynolds Ashley , Vranic‐Peters Michaela , Lai Alan , Grayden David B. , Cook Mark J. , Peterson Andre 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAntiseizure medication (ASM) is the primary treatment for epilepsy. In clinical practice, methods to assess ASM efficacy (predict seizure freedom or seizure reduction), during any phase of the drug treatment lifecycle, are limited. This scoping review identifies and appraises prognostic electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarkers and prognostic models that use EEG features, which are associated with seizure outcomes following ASM initiation, dose adjustment, or withdrawal. We also aim to summarize the population and context in which these biomarkers and models were identified and described, to understand how they could be used in clinical practice. Between January 2021 and October 2022, four databases, references, and citations were systematically searched for ASM studies investigating changes to interictal EEG or prognostic models using EEG features and seizure outcomes. Study bias was appraised using modified Quality in Prognosis Studies criteria. Results were synthesized into a qualitative review. Of 875 studies identified, 93 were included. Biomarkers identified were classed as qualitative (visually identified by wave morphology) or quantitative. Qualitative biomarkers include identifying hypsarrhythmia, centrotemporal spikes, interictal epileptiform discharges (IED), classifying the EEG as normal/abnormal/epileptiform, and photoparoxysmal response. Quantitative biomarkers were statistics applied to IED, high‐frequency activity, frequency band power, current source density estimates, pairwise statistical interdependence between EEG channels, and measures of complexity. Prognostic models using EEG features were Cox proportional hazards models and machine learning models. There is promise that some quantitative EEG biomarkers could be used to assess ASM efficacy, but further research is required. There is insufficient evidence to conclude any specific biomarker can be used for a particular population or context to prognosticate ASM efficacy. We identified a potential battery of prognostic EEG biomarkers, which could be combined with prognostic models to assess ASM efficacy. However, many confounders need to be addressed for translation into clinical practice.