bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water Films, Asphaltenes, and Wettability Alteration
Authors: Kaminsky R. , Radke C.J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present a transport model for asphaltene diffusion from an oil/water interface through a water film followed by adsorption at a solid/water interface. Using a Langmuir adsorption isotherm, the effect of asphaltene aqueous solubility &lt;md adsorption constant K on equilibration time are established. For K greater than 1 nm and asphaltene solubilities down to 0.1 ppb, adsorption equilibrium, taken to be 1 mg/m2, occurs within a few hours. Negligible asphaltene solubility does not explain why a water film prevents asphaltene adsorption and wettability alteration in reservoir rock.
Long-period oscillations as a proxy of the energy supply to the corona of the Sun
Authors: Nakariakov Valery , Zhong Sihui , Kolotkov Dmitrii 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Photospheric motions are believed to be a crucial energy source for heating the solar and stellar coronae. Compared to short-period spectral components --- relative to the cutoff period (5 min)--- long-period components of photospheric motions are more energetic and, therefore, more promising candidates for coronal heating. However, whether the energy from these long-period motions can reach the corona remains uncertain. We present the detection of a 50-min decayless kink oscillation of a coronal loop, along with a corresponding oscillation in the photospheric magnetic field at the loop’s footpoint with the same period. This finding indicates that the 50-min photospheric oscillation excites the coronal oscillation, suggesting that energy of long-period motions is indeed transported up to the corona. The observed transfer of the 50-min photospheric oscillation to the corona highlights the potential of low-frequency power in the photosphere as a significant energy source for sustaining the million-degree temperatures in the corona.
A systematic scoping review of how behavioural theories, models, and frameworks have been applied to the design, conduct, analysis or reporting of clinical trials.
Authors: Coffey Taylor , Young Naomi , Gillies Katie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Clinical trials provide much of the evidence that guides decision making about treatment and care but are often complicated to deliver. Trials can be thought of as complex systems with interacting individuals, as such behavioural science is a useful lens to investigate how trial processes may be improved. To guide selection of an appropriate behavioural theory, model, or framework to further enhance trial processes, we sought to map their past application within the design, conduct, analysis and reporting of clinical trials.
Methods
A systematic review to investigate scope of trials methods research that had utilised a behavioural theory, model, or framework was conducted through a database search and citation analysis. Publications investigating any part of the trial lifecycle (from design to reporting) through a behavioural lens were included.
Results
A total of 96 studies were included. A majority of these (n = 93, 97%) investigated trial conduct processes, such as recruitment and retention. Three behavioural theories, models or frameworks, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (n = 23, 24%), Social Cognitive Theory (n = 12, 13%), and the Theoretical Domains Framework (n = 30, 31%), accounted for more than two-thirds of those utilised. When compared to key stages of the Knowledge to Action cycle, approaches reported in included studies were most often utilised to “Identify a problem” within trials (n = 40, 42%).
Conclusion
A wide variety of behavioural approaches to study trial conduct were identified. However, the trial processes studied clustered within trial recruitment and largely used a few select approaches. Future research should assess whether these approaches are fit for purpose, as well as prioritising other trial areas for methods research.
Synergistic outcomes for water availability, the environment, and economic output under climate change and adaptation
Authors: Lester Rebecca , Robertson David , Bailey Joel , Dwyer Georgia , Holt Galen , Jalilov Shokhrukh , Shokri Ashkan , Watto Arif 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Freshwater resources need to simultaneously support environmental and economic outcomes; this is a critical challenge under climate change. Many environmental and economic outcomes have contrasting requirements for water, leading to difficult trade-offs which should be supported by integrated assessments. We analysed the impact of climate change and climate variability on key ecological values and agricultural economic activity simultaneously in a large catchment in Australia and assessed the effect of plausible management adaptation options. Under severe climate change, ecological outcomes were rarely met while the impact on economic outcomes was less severe; annual cropping reliant on low security water allocations was most vulnerable. Under more-likely moderate climate change, altering flow delivery patterns was as effective as altering the total licence volume of environmental water without adversely affecting agricultural benefits. Thus, environmental water management can potentially influence environmental outcomes, while core economic activities continue to be met.
Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects Of Shifting Temperature Anomaly Distributions
Authors: Winter David Joseph , Kiehl Manuela , de Reding Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This paper uses panel data on 201 countries from 1960 to 2019 to quantify the long-run macroeconomic effects of climate change-induced shifts in temperature anomaly distributions. We find that rising average temperature anomalies from historical norms caused by global warming have negative, non-linear impacts on GDP growth. By additionally accounting for the full temperature anomaly distribution (volatility, skewness, and kurtosis) across a geospatial grid and across time, our approach is a methodological step towards quantifying the macroeconomic impacts of broader climate change. Projected damages are far greater than estimated in previous studies that have focussed on quantifying the macroeconomic impacts of average temperature levels or volatility/extremes only. We find that 2 to 2.6°C of warming by 2050 could reduce global output by 20 to 40% compared to a scenario where temperatures are held flat at current levels, while warming of 4-5°C by 2100 could lead to more severe damages, consistent with scientific research on mass extinction thresholds and tipping points.
Heavy Mineral Assemblages of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in Coastal Environment: Their Implication for Depositional environment and Provenance Assessment in Eastern Dahomey Basin Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Fakolade Richard Omotoso , Ikhane Phillips Reuben , Hao Qingzhen , Guo Zhengtang , Gao Xinbo , Rotimi Isaac Ayodele 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The rock provenance of eastern Dahomey Basin has not been studied much, leading to insufficient information about the alluvium deposits around the coastal environment of the basin. This has prompted this research to examine the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of heavy minerals in the sediments, with the aim at inferring their provenance, tectonic settings and their economic implications. Thirty (30) sediment samples were collected and subjected to heavy mineral analyses and quantified by viewing under the microscope. The result of heavy mineral analysed under the microscope shows that the heavy mineral assemblages in this study area are dominated by opaque minerals among which is limonite, followed by non-opaque minerals, namely the pyroxene groups (orthpyroxene and clinopyroxene), amphibole group (hornblende, tremolite and actinolite), tourmaline, zircon and rutile. In conclusion, the heavy mineral studies revealed a range of basic and acidic igneous, metamorphic and intermediate rocks coupled with reworked sedimentary deposits in source areas, where there is a mixed depositional environment and varied intensity of weathering. More research work with large amount of samples is recommended to determine the specific source area for the sediments in Eastern Dahomey Basin.
DNA cleavage activity of linear trinuclear copper(II) complexes
Authors: Das Arup Kumar , Karmakar Susnata 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Metal ions and metal complexes are important components of nucleic acid biochemistry, participating both in the regulation of gene expression and as therapeutic agents. Cu(II) complexes are important for DNA cleavage, which is essential for the development of anticancer drugs and chemotherapeutic agents. For example, a study revealed that a Cu(II) complex caused double-strand DNA nicks, destabilized the DNA molecule, and disrupted the phosphodiester bonds. Here two trinuclear copper (II) complexes ware synthesized and structurally characterized: [CuII3(L2)4(2picolinate)2(OClO3)2](ClO4)2•2CH3COCH3•2CH3OH (1) and [CuII3(L2)4(2,6-dipicolinate)2] (ClO4)2•6MeOH•2H2O (2) (L2 = 1-benzyl-[3-(2'-pyridyl)] pyrazole; 2-picolinate = 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid; 2,6-dipicolinate = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid). The binding of copper complexes to plasmid DNA (P-DNA) has been investigated via UV-Visible spectroscopy, which revealed that P-DNA can covalently bind to the complexes. P-DNA cleavage was also investigated via agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence and absence of an oxidative agent (H2O2). The effect of the complex concentration on the P-DNA cleavage reaction has also been studied. Both copper complexes show nuclease activity, which significantly depends on the concentrations of the complexes, in the presence of H2O2, likely through an oxidative mechanism whereas they slightly cleave P-DNA in the absence of an oxidative agent.
Combining genetics with real-world patient data enables ancestry-specific target identification and drug discovery in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Cheng Feixiong , Hou Yuan , Zhang Pengyue , Li Yichen , Lorincz-Comi Noah , Fan Fan , Song Wenqiang , Fang Xing , Qiu Yunguang , Paz Isabela Rivera , Martin William , Feng Yayan , Zhou Yadi , Xu Jielin , Dou Lijun , Border Jane , Zhang Huawei , Mazique Jena’ N , Hwang Sung Hee , Roman Richard , Tousi Babak , Bekris Lynn , Karavani Ehud , Danziger Michael , Rosen-Zvi Michal , Haines Jonathan , Yu Haiyuan , Pieper Andrew , McReynolds Cindy , Leverenz James , Hammock Bruce , Cummings Jeffrey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Although high-throughput DNA/RNA sequencing technologies have generated massive genetic and genomic data in human disease, these findings have not been translated into new patient treatments. To address this problem, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) and large patient-level genetic and functional genomic data to evaluate druggable targets using Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as a prototypical example. Specifically, we applied the genetic instruments from 9 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and 3 protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) datasets across five human brain regions from three human brain biobanks and performed MR in 7 genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets of European ancestry (EA) and African ancestry (AA), with AD cases and controls. We identified 19 drug targets, including the inflammatory target of epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2) as a potent AD target. We demonstrated that a genome-wide significant and protective variant of p.Arg287Gln in EPHX2 (β = -0.096, PGWAS = 1.08 × 10-11) significantly reduced level of phosphorylated-tau (p-tau181) and the ratio of p-tau181/total tau and increased neuron clump size in patient induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC)-derived neurons, mechanistically supporting MR results. Pharmacologic inhibition of EPHX2 significantly improved cognitive behaviors in two AD transgenic rodent models (5xFAD and TgF344-AD). We further identified that 12 drugs (i.e., trazodone [ADRA1A] and baclofen [GABBR1]) harboring MR-supported targets are significantly associated with reduced incidence of AD in 111,680 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients from the Optum database. Using a new user active-comparator design, we found that usage of trazodone was significantly associated with 22% reduced incidence of AD (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.78, P=6.44x10-6) in people with MCI in the MarketScan database. In summary, combining genetics and real-world patient data identifies ancestry-specific therapeutic targets and medicines for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases if broadly applied.
Comparison of reproductive health literacy and related factors in urban and rural women of reproductive age in Iran 2023
Authors: hamzehgardeshi zeinab , ahmadian maryam , Rezaei Maedeh , Alizadeh Kosar , Shahhosseini Zohreh , Hamzehgardeshi Leila , Golchin Nayereh Azam Hajikhani 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Reproductive health is a key area of health and an important indicator of the health status of societies. Improving reproductive health literacy is one of the most important strategies to achieve the goals of reproductive health in various groups of women.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study in eligible married women aged 18-49. The reproductive health literacy questionnaire and demographic-social- reproductive characteristics questionnaire were completed by 593 people in person, online and by phone. Simple random sampling with allocation proportional to the size of reproductive age women was done in each center. After collecting the data, it was analyzed by spss 23 software.
Results: The health literacy score for urban and rural women was 118.54 ± 21.38 and 111.40 ± 24.21, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P<0.00). Besides, the percentage of women with favorable literacy in rural are as was higher than in urban areas (70.4% vs. 51.4%). In logistics regression, there was a significant relationship with women's reproductive health literacy score in the city only between breast self-examination (p= 0.009 and OR = 0.4) and in the village between breast examination by physician or midwife (p= 0.003 and OR=0.38), employment of a family member in the health care system (p= 0.000 and OR=0.25) and the number of pregnancies (p= 0.04 and OR= 55).
Conclusion: The results of this study can help health planners and policymakers design and implement more appropriate training and health services by considering the differences in urban and rural areas. In addition, given the importance of behaviors related to reproductive health, encouraging preventive examinations and raising public awareness in this area can help improve reproductive health literacy in women.
Evaluation of the effect of a synthetic analogue of brominated furanone- (z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5h)-furanone on the gene expression of fadA of F. nucleatum
Authors: Swathy S , Nisha K J , Shruthi S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) commonly referred to as a bridging organism acts as a major coaggregation organism linking early and late colonizers. FadA, is an adhesin which is unique to F. nucleatum play an important role in colonization of Fusobacterium in the host. Quorum Sensing (QS) inhibiting agents appears to be a promising approach to control bacterial infections. Aim: To evaluate the effect of a synthetic analogue of brominated furanone- (Z)-4-Bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-Furanone on the gene expression of fadA of F. nucleatum. Material and Methods: 2 mM concentration of the brominated furanone compound was treated with F. nucleatum standard strain ATCC No. 25886 and incubated under anaerobic condition for 24 hours and 48 hours duration. Control sample was treated with only F. nucleatum bacterial cells. Analysis of the expression of fadA gene of F. nucleatum was done using RT-PCR. The 16S rRNA gene was used as a reference for normalization of the gene expression levels. Positive reaction was detected by accumulation of a fluorescent signal in the form of amplification plot obtained in the Realplex software. Statistical analysis used: Relative gene expression was calculated by using 2−∆∆Ct (Livak) method. Results: Compared with control, at 24 hours, the change in fold expression of fadA gene of F. nucleatum of the treated group was 1.602, while at 48 hours, it was 2.063. Conclusions: The synthetic analogue of furanone compound can act on target sites of F. nucleatum thereby inhibiting coaggregation and biofilm formation.
Exploring Attitudes and Needs for Digital Supportive Care in Patients with Cancer and Survivors
Authors: FOURNIER Valentyn , CATON Laura , LAROUSSI-LIBEAULT Lisa , AELBRECHT-MEURISSE Capucine , RYBARCZYK Claire , RICHEZ Louise , MAIEZZA Sophie , DUPREZ Christelle , ANTOINE Pascal , COLLET François , LAMORE Kristopher 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The literature has reported inequality in access to both medical and psychosocial supportive care in oncology for which digital health technologies may be a suitable solution. Given attitudes could influence acceptability of such tools, this pre-registered qualitative study aimed to investigate patients’ and survivors’ attitudes toward digital psychosocial supportive care interventions and needs. A total of 36 patients (31 female, five male; mean age = 49.86 ± 10.93 years) were recruited. Patients were found to have positive attitudes toward the digitalization of supportive care. However, they had some concerns, including about the complementarity between digital and in-person care and the security of data, which should be considered during the development of interventions. Participants asked for a participative design, transparency during intervention development, and frequent user experience evaluations for tailored interventions. Those findings lead to recommendations for the development of future digital interventions.
Anti-Thermal Quenching in NdIII Molecular Near-Infrared Thermometers Operating at Physiological Temperatures
Authors: Neto Albano , Maldonado María José , Farías-Carreño Patricia , Gil Yolimar , Vega Andrés , de Santana Ricardo , Aravena Daniel , Brites Carlos , Carlos Luís , Vetrone Fiorenzo , Fuentealba Pablo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This work showcases the first evidence of the anti-thermal quenching effect on neodymium(III) molecular thermometers working in biological windows within the physiological temperature range. A mononuclear complex, [Nd(L)(NO3)3] (1Nd), where L is a macrocyclic ligand, was synthesized and used as a precursor to develop two novel species: a dinuclear complex, [(Nd(L)(NO3))2(µ-BDC)](NO3)2·H2O (2Nd), linked by 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (BDC), and a hexameric complex, [(Nd(L))(µ-BTC)(H2O)]6·35H2O (6Nd), formed via linkage with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate (BTC). The thermometric properties were studied in the physiological temperature range (292–332 K), utilizing excitation with an 804 nm laser (first biological window) and monitoring emission bands in the second biological window (908, 1065, and 1340 nm) associated with the 4F3/2→4I9/2, 4I11/2, 4I13/2 transitions, respectively. The thermometric performance was evaluated through deconvolution of the 1065 nm band and the 1065/1340 nm emission ratio. Among the complexes, the hexamer 6Nd exhibited exceptional performance, with Sr of 2.4%K− 1 at 293 K, when LIR of two components was used, positioning it as a high-performance NdIII-based thermometer. All complexes displayed anti-thermal quenching behavior, surpassing the current molecular-based thermometers in the near-infrared region. Theoretical calculations using CASSCF and Boltzmann population models between Kramers doublets of the 4F3/2 level were performed to rationalize the anti-thermal behavior.
Effect of Age and Sex on Vital Signs in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Al-Shwaak Region, Gadarif State, Sudan
Authors: Mohammed Abdullah A.A. , AHMED Musa , Abdel-Rahman Fatima Ezz El-Din , Gabriel Ghufran Abkar , Tola Mohammed Motasum Abass , Maki Mnhal NorrAldeen , Al-Hussein Omar Muhammad Omar , Jabbar Zamzam Hajaj Abdul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is renowned for its adaptability to arid and semi-arid environments, making it a cornerstone of livelihoods in these regions. Despite its ecological and economic importance, research on the impact of intrinsic factors, such as age and sex, on camel vital signs remains scarce, particularly in traditional management systems. This study aimed to explore these influences in the Al-Shwaak region of Gadarif State, Sudan. A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical design was employed from August to September 2024. The study population comprised 230 camels sampled from local livestock markets, reflecting diverse age groups and sexes. Camels were categorized into juveniles (less than five years) and adults (five years or older) to assess age-related differences, and further stratified by sex to examine combined and independent effects on vital signs. Standardized methods were used to measure physiological parameters, including body temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and capillary refill time (CRT). Body temperature was taken with a digital thermometer, pulse rate was determined via arterial palpation or heart auscultation, respiratory rate was assessed by counting chest rises, and CRT was measured through mucous membrane observation. A stratified random sampling approach ensured representative data. Results highlighted significant age-related variations in vital signs. Juveniles exhibited higher body temperatures (37.9°C) than adults (37.5°C), while the overall mean physiological parameters were a body temperature of 37.8°C, pulse rate of 32.25 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 15.6 breaths per minute, and CRT of 2.7 seconds. These findings offer valuable baseline data for monitoring camel health in traditional systems. This study underscores the importance of age- and sex-specific physiological variations in camels, providing critical insights for optimizing health monitoring, husbandry practices, and productivity in camel-rearing systems. By addressing these intrinsic factors, the findings promote sustainable camel production in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.
Relationship between anti-Epstein-Barr virus early antigen diffuse type and restricted type immunoglobulin G antibodies and disease activity and autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kitamura Noboru , Nagasawa Yosuke , Akiya Kumiko , Inomata Hirotake , Nakamura Hiddeki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to examine the relationship of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by evaluating disease activity and autoantibody levels in positive and negative cases using the anti-EBV early antigen diffuse type and restricted type (EA-DR) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody.
Methods
Patients undergoing RA treatment at our hospital with anti-EBV EA-DR IgG antibodies were selected. We confirmed their age, sex, RA duration, disease activity, laboratory findings, treatment details, and complications in patients with positive or negative anti-EBV EA-DR IgG antibodies and analyzed the relationship between RA activity, autoantibody production, and EBV.
Results
anti-EBV EA-DR IgG antibodies were measured in 70 RA cases (30 positive and 40 negative), with a positivity rate of 43.9%. Among the positive cases, 18 underwent EBV deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase chain reaction, with 14 testing positive. Univariate analysis revealed significantly higher levels of disease activity score in 28 joints with C-reactive protein, peripheral blood lymphocyte count, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA), and rheumatoid factor in anti-EBV EA-DR IgG antibody-positive cases. Multivariate analysis identified peripheral blood lymphocyte count and ACPA levels as significant factors.
Conclusions
Patients with RA who tested positive for anti-EBV EA-Dr IgG antibodies had significantly higher ACPA than those who tested negative.