bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional heads-up system assisted pars plana vitrectomy and subretinal recombinant tissue plasminogen activator injection for submacular hemorrhage
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Zhao Qing , Wang Erqian , Li Ningning , Meng Lihui , Zhang Wenfei , Wang Tan , Chen Youxin , Min Hanyi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the outcomes of three-dimensional (3D) heads-up system assisted pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and subretinal injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) for submacular hemorrhage (SMH).

Methods
Medical records of SMH patients who underwent 3D heads-up system assisted-PPV and subretinal injection of rt-PA from June 2021 to January 2022 were reviewed. The main outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), SMH absorption, and perioperative complications.

Results
We finally included 18 SMH eyes, most of which happened secondary to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) (10, 55.56%), followed by retinal arterial microaneurysm (RAM) (5, 27.78%), traumatic retinopathy (2, 11.11%) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) (1, 5.56%). The greatest linear dimension (GLD) and height of SMH were 6538.17 ± 2533.11 μm and 937.36 ± 420.21 μm, respectively. After an average postoperative follow-up period of 131.06 ± 38.96 days, patients’ BCVA improved significantly from 1.85 ± 0.62 to 1.14 ± 0.82 logMAR (P < 0.05). SMH was completely and partially absorbed in 9 (50.00%) and 6 (33.33%) eyes, with no occurrence of iatrogenic retinal break. However, 4 additional PPVs were performed to manage the postoperative SMH and/or vitreous hemorrhage (VH) recurrence (2, 11.11%) and retinal detachment (RD) occurrence (2, 11.11%). Preoperative BCVA was significantly correlated with postoperative BCVA in multiple linear regression analysis (P < 0.05), and hemorrhagic pigment epithelial detachment (PED) was significantly correlated with SMH and VH recurrence in univariate binary logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The 3D heads-up system assisted-PPV and subretinal injection of rt-PA were efficacious in eliminating SMH and improving visual prognosis with satisfactory safety profile, while caution should be taken for PCV patients with hemorrhagic PED and massive SMH.
Microglia activation and neuronal alterations in retinas from COVID-19 patients: correlation with clinical parameters
Authors: Albertos-Arranz Henar , Martínez-Gil Natalia , Sánchez-Sáez Xavier , Noailles Agustina , Monferrer Adsuara Clara , Remolí Sargues Lidia , Pérez-Santonja Juan J. , Lax Pedro , Calvo Andrés Ramón , Cuenca Nicolás 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Different ocular alterations have been described in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our aim was to determine whether COVID-19 affected retinal cells and establish correlations with clinical parameters.

Methods
Retinal sections and flat-mount retinas from human donors with COVID-19 (n = 16) and controls (n = 15) were immunostained. The location of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the morphology of microglial cells, Müller cells, astrocytes, and photoreceptors were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Microglial quantification and the area occupied by them were measured. Correlations among retinal and clinical parameters were calculated.

Results
ACE2 was mainly located in the Müller cells, outer segment of cones and retinal pigment epithelium. Cell bodies of Müller cells in COVID-19 group showed greater staining of ACE2 and cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP). The 81.3% of COVID-19 patients presented disorganization of honeycomb-like pattern formed by Müller cells. Gliosis was detected in 56.3% of COVID-19 patients compared to controls (40%) as well as epiretinal membranes (ERMs) or astrocytes protruding (50%). Activated or ameboid-shape microglia was the main sign in the COVID-19 group (93.8%). Microglial migration towards the vessels was greater in the COVID-19 retinas (P < 0.05) and the area occupied by microglia was also reduced (P < 0.01) compared to control group. Cone degeneration was more severe in the COVID-19 group. Duration of the disease, age and respiratory failure were the most relevant clinical data in relation with retinal degeneration.

Conclusions
The retinas of patients with COVID-19 exhibit glial activation and neuronal alterations, mostly related to the inflammation, hypoxic conditions, and age.
Development of a screening platform to discover natural products active against SARS-CoV-2 infection using lung organoid models
Authors: Lee Joo-Eun , Jeong Se Yun , Li Zijun , Kim Hyun-Yi , Kim Hyun-Woo , Yoo Min Jeong , Jang Hee Joo , Kim Do-Kyun , Cho Namki , Yoo Hee Min , Kim Ki Hyun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Natural products can serve as one of the alternatives, exhibiting high potential for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we report a screening platform to test the antiviral efficacy of a natural product library against SARS-CoV-2 and verify their activity using lung organoids.

Methods
Since SARS-CoV-2 is classified as a risk group 3 pathogen, the drug screening assay must be performed in a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory. To circumvent this limitation, pseudotyped viruses (PVs) have been developed as replacements for the live SARS-CoV-2. We developed PVs containing spikes from Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 and improved the infection in an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-dependent manner. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived lung organoids were generated to test the SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic efficacy of natural products.

Results
Flavonoids from our natural product library had strong antiviral activity against the Delta- or Omicron-spike-containing PVs without affecting cell viability. We aimed to develop strategies to discover the dual function of either inhibiting infection at the beginning of the infection cycle or reducing spike stability following SARS-CoV-2 infection. When lung cells are already infected with the virus, the active flavonoids induced the degradation of the spike protein and exerted anti-inflammatory effects. Further experiments confirmed that the active flavonoids had strong antiviral activity in lung organoid models.

Conclusion
This screening platform will open new paths by providing a promising standard system for discovering novel drug leads against SARS-CoV-2 and help develop promising candidates for clinical investigation as potential therapeutics for COVID-19.

Graphical Abstract
Association of vascular endothelial growth factor serum levels with ankylosing spondylitis in Egyptian patients
Authors: Galal Salwa , Hassan Rasha Mohamed , Labib Hossam Salaheldin Abdelmohsen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is one of inflammatory rheumatic diseases which result in wide range of manifestations on the musculoskeletal system and axial joint specifically. Endothelial cell migration and proliferation, as well as subsequent neoangiogenesis and remodelling in autoimmune disorders, are pathogenic mechanisms that are fundamental to inflammation activation and angiogenesis. The development of advanced lesions is thought to involve vascular proliferation as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which serves a regulatory role. It was found that AS patients had increased serum levels of VEGF, which were linked to the disease activity.

Aim of the work
The purpose of this study is to measure serum VEGF levels in Egyptian AS patients and assess their relation to disease-related variables, including radiographic findings.

Results
VEGF serum levels showed a highly significant positive correlation with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and modified Stroke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (MSASS) (p < 0.001); also, there was a significant correlation between the VEGF values and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (ASDAS) and the New York x-ray sacroiliac score.

Conclusions
These findings and data illustrate the strong relationship between ASDAS and VEGF and the radiographic score in AS patients. ASDAS combined with VEGF not only is considered a tool for determining the level of disease activity only but also is considered as an indicator for the assessment of the syndesmophytes formation, which performs a crucial role in the prognosis and outcome in AS patients.
A Roundtable on Environmental Injustice and Border Abolition
Authors: Cohen Ilana , Crow-Willard Emma , Dutta Gupta Tanaya , Hammami Jamila , Jozef Guerline , Sacco Steven , Shull Kristina , Walker Angela V. , Wane Aly , Watman Daniel , Wheatley Christine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article posits border abolition as a radical alternative to the Anthropocene. It convenes a group of eleven activists, organizers, scholars, practitioners, educators, and storytellers to discuss their work building cross-border solidarities along the US-Mexico border and in US immigration detention, Puerto Rico, Ghana, and the Bengal Delta. Participants provide critical analysis of the origins of environmental injustice and border violence and discuss how a confluence of ecological crisis, environmental racism, and border militarization since the 1980s disproportionately impacts BIPOC and queer/trans communities and exacerbates migrant precarity and displacement worldwide. Participants share ways they have built alternatives to border and ecological violence through migrant accompaniment, legal and policy advocacy, divestment activism, storytelling, education, and sustainability projects. The discussion is organized around three key themes: environmental injustice, racism, and borders; strategies adopted by organizers to build environmental and migrant justice; and visions of border abolition.
ISG20L1 acts as a co-activator of DAPK1 in the activation of the p53-dependent cell death pathway
Authors: Zou Shuxian , Zhang Chongchong , Xu Huan , Liu Zhihui , Hu Yongliang , Wang Wei , Liu Kun , Wen Qing , Song Lun 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Our previous studies have revealed that GADD45α is a liable proapoptotic protein, which undergoes MDM2-dependent constitutive ubiquitylation and degradation in resting cancer cells. Under chemotherapeutic agent (such as arsenite, 5-Fu and VP-16) exposure, DAPK1 functions as a novel p53 (also known as TP53) kinase, which induces phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 and transactivates the p53 target Ets-1, to synergistically repress IKKβ-dependent MDM2 stability, and ultimately removes the inhibitory effect of MDM2 on GADD45α, resulting in GADD45α accumulation and cell apoptosis. In the current study, we show that there is a strong induction of ISG20L1 (also known as AEN) expression in several cancer cell lines under exposure of arsenite and other chemotherapeutic agents. Surprisingly, although originally identified as a transcriptional target of p53, ISG20L1 induction was not controlled by p53. Instead, ISG20L1 functioned as upstream activator of p53 by interacting with DAPK1, and plays an essential role in promoting DAPK1–p53 complex formation and the subsequent activation of Ets-1/IKKβ/MDM2/GADD45α cascade. Therefore, our findings have revealed novel function of ISG20L1 in mediating cancer cell apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents via modulating activation of the DAPK1- and p53-dependent cell death pathway.
Effectiveness of a Disease Management Program (DMP) in controlling the progression of Chronic Kidney Disease among hypertensives and diabetics.
Authors: Sequira Leena , Prabhu A. Ravindra , S Mayya Shreemathi , Prasad Nagaraju Shankar , S Nayak Baby 
Published: March 2023

Background: In India, the number of patients with type II diabetes mellitus in 2006 was 40.9 million and is expected to increase by 2025 to 69.9 million. The occurrence rate of stage 5 CKD was 151 per million population in India. Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension were the usual triggers of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). A structured education program helps in the prevention of diabetes and hypertension related complications. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 88 participants who had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or both for five or more years with an objective to find the effect of a Disease Management Program on delaying progression of CKD in patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. The baseline data were collected on demographic proforma, serum creatinine, blood pressure, and random blood sugar, and the patients were taught the management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. In the fourth and the eighth month, blood pressure and blood sugar were reassessed. At one-year blood pressure, blood sugar, and serum creatinine were tested. Baseline and one-year follow-up blood pressure, blood sugar, and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate were compared. Descriptive statistics and "Wilcoxon signed-rank test" were used to analyze the data. Results: In one year, the mean systolic blood pressure reduced by six mm of Hg and mean blood sugar by 24 mg/dl. The prevalence of CKD stage three and above (< 60 ml/min/m2) was nine (10.22%). The median decline in eGFR was 5 ml/min/m2 (Z= 5.925, P< 0.001). Conclusion: The Disease Management Program led to improvements in blood pressure and diabetes control and median progression of CKD was estimated at five ml/min/m2/year.
Phytochemicals, proximate composition, minerals and volatile oil analysis of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. fruits
Authors: Satria Denny , Dalimunthe Aminah , Pertiwi Dewi , Muhammad Mahatir , Kaban Vera Estefania , Nasri Nasri , Waruwu Syukur Berkat 
Published: March 2023

Background: The use of herbal plants is adopted as a traditional medicine because of their minimal side effects. Most plants have bioactive ingredients and nutritional content that can potentially be used as treatments. One plant that has the potential to be a source of modern medicine is Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. Historically the use of traditional medicine as a treatment has enjoyed a good sense of trust among the public. The purpose of this study was to perform a qualitative phytochemical screening and proximate analysis of samples of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. Methods: Used in this study were the phytochemical screening test using the thin-layer chromatography method and the proximate analysis using the AOAC method, which included measuring the ash, water, carbohydrate, total fat, protein, and crude fiber content of the samples. Hydrodistillation was used to isolate volatile oil from the sample, which was then identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The research method used is experimental. Results: From the test, it was found that the phytochemical content of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC is alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. Proximate analysis obtained ash content of 6.19%, water content of 6.35%, carbohydrates of 35.4%, total fat of 2.46%, protein of 16.2%, and crude fiber of 33.4%. Mineral test results prove that Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC contains Pb (<0.07 mg/Kg), Cd (<0.03 mg/Kg), As (<0.03 mg/Kg), Hg (0.0011 mg/Kg), Mn (43.1 mg/Kg), K (321 mg/Kg), Ca (0.22 mg/Kg), Mg (198 mg/Kg), Fe (52.1 mg/Kg), and Na (23.6 mg/Kg). The highest content of essential oil in Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC is geranyl acetate, with a concentration of 24.26%. Conclusions: This study concludes that the research findings of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC indicate that the phytochemical, mineral, and volatile oil content of the sample is strongly related to its potential to be developed as food and medicine.
In silico molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation of agarwood compounds with molecular targets of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Alugoju Phaniendra , Vishnu Bhandare Vishwambar , S. Patil Vishal , V. K. D Krishna Swamy , Borugadda Prem Kumar , Tencomnao Tewin 
Published: March 2023

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that primarily affects older people. Currently available AD drugs are associated with side effects and there is a need to develop natural drugs from plants. Aquilaria is as an endangered medicinal plant genus (commonly called agarwood plants) and various products of Aquilaria plant spp. including resinous heartwood, leaves, bark, and stem have been widely used in various traditional medicine systems. Research on agarwood plants is sparse and only a few previous studies demonstrated their neuroprotective properties in vitro. Owing to the presence of a plethora of secondary metabolites in agarwood plants, it is imperative not only to protect these plants but also evaluate the bioactivity of agarwood phytochemicals. Methods Computational methods such as AutoDock Vina and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were employed for the docking of 41 selected agarwood compounds with AD-related molecular targets. Results and Conclusion According to docking data, three compounds aquilarisin, aquilarisinin, aquilarixanthone showed highest binding affinity to selected AD targets compared to their known inhibitors. MD simulation studies revealed that, selected agarwood compounds' protein-ligand complexes showed remarkable structural stability throughout 100 ns simulation. The agarwood chemicals aquilarisin, aquilarisinin, aquilarixanthone, pillion, and agarotetrol are consequently suggested as some of the found hits against AD targets, however, additional experimental validation is required to establish their effectiveness.
Sugar content and erosive potential of commonly prescribed Orodispersible tablets- An in vitro study.
Authors: Anand Lahari , Pentapati Kalyana , Shenoy Revathi , Yelleti Geethika , Kumar Saurabh 
Published: March 2023

Background: Dental caries is a major non-communicable disease of public health concern caused due to freely available dietary sugars. We aimed to compare the sugar content and erosive potential with duration of use and drug classes of orodispersible tablets (ODTs). Methods: We conducted an in vitro evaluation of the total sugar content (TSC), Potential of Hydrogen (pH), solubility, and Titratable Acidity (TA) of commonly prescribed 62 ODTs. TA was measured by titrating the samples with known amount of. 0.1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with phenolphthalein indicator and pH was determined by digital pH meter. TSC was evaluated by phenol sulphuric acid. Solubility was assessed by filtration. Results: Out of the 62 ODTs, majority were Antimicrobials (n=30). One-quarter of the ODTs (26%) had a mean pH below ≤5.5. No significant difference was seen in the mean pH with respect to different drug classes (p=0.082) and duration of use of ODTs. A significant difference was seen in the mean percentage solubility with respect to drug classes (p<0.001). Antimicrobials had the least percentage of solubility as compared to other drug classes. Antiemetics and proton pump inhibitors (24.33 ± 17.34) had significantly higher mean percentage sugar content than Antimicrobials (23.25 ± 17.16). No significant difference was seen in the mean TSC with respect to various drug classes (p=0.718) and between the duration of use of drugs (P=0.568) respectively. No significant difference was seen in the mean percentage TA with respect to drug class (p=0.123) and duration of use of drugs (p=0.424). Conclusion: Overall, we can conclude that one in four ODT formulations had a pH below 5.5 (critical pH). Only one ODT formulation did not have a sugar content. No difference was seen in the mean pH, sugar content, and TA with respect to duration of use of drugs and drug classes.
ecoSound-web: an open-source, online platform for ecoacoustics
Authors: Darras Kevin F.A. , Pérez Noemí , - Mauladi , Dilong Liu , Hanf-Dressler Tara , Markolf Matthias , Wanger Thomas C 
Published: March 2023

Passive acoustic monitoring of soundscapes and biodiversity produces vast amounts of audio recordings, but the management and analyses of these raw data present technical challenges. A multitude of software solutions exist, but none can fulfil all purposes required for the management, processing, navigation, analysis, and dissemination of acoustic data. The field of ecoacoustics needs a software tool that is free, evolving, and accessible. We take a step in that direction and present ecoSound-web: an open-source, online platform for ecoacoustics designed and built by ecologists and software engineers. ecoSound-web can be used for storing, organising, and sharing soundscape projects, manually creating and peer-reviewing annotations of soniferous animals and phonies, analysing audio in time and frequency, computing alpha acoustic indices, and providing reference sound libraries for different taxa. We present ecoSound-web’s features, structure, and compare it with similar software. We describe its operation mode and the workflow for typical use cases such as the sampling of bird and bat communities, the use of a primate call library, and the analysis of phonies and acoustic indices. ecoSound-web is available from: https://github.com/ecomontec/ecoSound-web
Características anatómicas del conducto cístico en una muestra de cadáveres del anfiteatro de una institución universitaria en Bogotá Colombia.
Authors: Quijano Blanco Yobany , Rizo Tello Victor Zein 
Published: March 2023

RESUMEN
Introducción. En comparación con otros países, los estudios sobre características anatómicas del conducto cístico son escasos.
Objetivo. Describir las características anatómicas del conducto cístico en una muestra de 60 especímenes cadavéricos en Colombia.
Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo analítico transversal donde se empleó y diseco el conducto cístico de 60 bloques digestivos humanos.
Resultados. Siguiendo la clasificación de Taybi, se encontraron variaciones con implantación alta (75%), baja (25%), en espiral anterior (1.6%), espiral posterior (1.6%), conducto cístico accesorio (1.6%) y doble conducto cístico (3.2%). En cuanto a las dimensiones del conducto cístico este presentó una longitud promedio de 19.4mm y un diámetro promedio de 3.3mm. Las características anatómicas usuales fueron similares a las reportadas en la literatura.
Conclusiones. La anatomía usual está presente en el 92% de los casos y las variantes anatómicas en el 8%. La longitud y el diámetro del conducto cístico están dentro del promedio reportado en la literatura.