bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with financial toxicity in patients with breast cancer in Japan: a comparison of patient and physician perspectives
Authors: Saeki Sumito , Iwatani Tsuguo , Kitano Atsuko , Sakurai Naomi , Tanabe Yuko , Yamauchi Chikako , Igarashi Ataru , Kajimoto Yusuke , Kuba Sayaka , Hara Fumikata , Sagara Yasuaki , Ohno Shinji ,   Collaborative Study Group of Scientific Research of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Financial toxicity (FT) is a notable concern for patients with breast cancer worldwide. The situation regarding FT in Japan, however, has not been well explored. This study examined FT in patients with breast cancer in Japan and presented an overview of the group study’s overall findings.

Methods
The survey used the Questant application and primarily targeted patients with breast cancer attending research facilities and physicians who are members of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society. The Japanese version of the Comprehensive Score for FT (COST) was used to quantify patients’ FT. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors related to FT in patients with breast cancer in Japan and evaluate the sufficiency of information support level (ISL) for medical expenses.

Results
We collected 1558 responses from patients and 825 from physicians. In terms of factors affecting FT, recent payments had the highest impact, followed by stage, and related departments positively affecting FT. Conversely, factors such as income, age, and family support were found to negatively affect FT. A significant discrepancy was identified between patients and physicians in perceived information support, with patients frequently feeling unsupported and physicians believing that they have provided adequate support. Furthermore, differences in the frequency of explanations and opportunities to ask questions about medical costs across FT grades were found. The analysis also showed that physicians with a better understanding of information support needs and greater knowledge of medical costs tended to provide more support that is comprehensive.

Conclusion
This study emphasizes the importance of addressing FT in patients with breast cancer in Japan and highlights the need for enhanced information support, deeper understanding by physicians, and collaborative efforts among professionals to mitigate financial burden and provide personalized, tailored support for individual needs.
Spatial analysis and site formation processes associated with the Middle Pleistocene hominid teeth from Q1/B waterhole, Boxgrove (West Sussex, UK)
Authors: Sánchez-Romero Laura , Benito-Calvo Alfonso , De Loecker Dimitri , Pope Matthew 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBoxgrove is a key locale for our understanding of Middle Pleistocene human behaviour in Northwestern Europe. It provides high-resolution evidence for behaviour at scale in fine-grained sediments, dating from the end of the MIS13 interglacial at around 480,000 years ago. Excavations at this site in the last quarter of the twentieth century have provided a large body of interdisciplinary data, comprising stone artefact assemblages, well-preserved faunal remains and paleoenvironmental archives, from over 100 test pits and larger excavation areas. The excavation area designated Q1/B was excavated between 1995 and 1996 and provided a particularly deep and complex record of early human activity centred upon a pond or waterhole within the wider landscape. In this work, we present a new analysis of spatial data from a single sedimentary unit (Unit 4u) at the Boxgrove Q1/B site. We consider the spatial disposition of lithic and faunal materials, fabric analysis and the role of the palaeotopography in their distribution. The results indicate that, although the dynamic fluvial depositional environment had an undeniable role in the distribution of materials, the scale and nature of post-depositional movement are consistent with the artefacts being preserved within an autochthonous depositional context, not reworked from an earlier sedimentary unit or subject to long-distance transportation. These results are consistent with previous analysis which suggests that the overall lithic assemblage can be directly compared with others from the wider landscape in compositional terms to interpret the behavioural controls over site formation behind the Q1/B archaeology.
Comparison of saturated hydraulic conductivity estimated by empirical, hydraulic and numerical modeling methods at different scales in a coastal sand aquifer in Northern Ireland
Authors: Águila Jesús F. , McDonnell Mark C. , Flynn Raymond , Butler Adrian P. , Hamill Gerard A. , Etsias Georgios , Benner Eric M. , Donohue Shane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHydraulic conductivity is one of the most challenging hydrogeological properties to appropriately measure due to its dependence on the measurement scale and the influence of heterogeneity. This paper presents a comparison of saturated hydraulic conductivities (K) determined for a quasi-homogeneous coastal sand aquifer, estimated using eight different methodologies, encompassing empirical, hydraulic and numerical modeling methods. The geometric means of K, determined using 22 methods, spanning measurement scales varying between 0.01 and 100 m, ranged between 3.6 and 58.3 m/d. K estimates from Cone Penetration Test (CPT) data proved wider than those obtained using the other methods, while various empirical equations, commonly used to estimate K from grain-size analysis and Tide-Aquifer interaction techniques revealed variations of up to one order of magnitude. Single-well tracer dilution tests provided an alternative for making preliminary estimates of K when hydraulic gradients were known. Estimates from the slug tests proved between 1.2 and 1.6 times larger than those determined from pumping tests which, with one of the smallest ranges of variation, provided a representative average K of the aquifer as revealed by numerical modeling. By contrast, variations in K with depth could be detected at small scales (~ 0.1 m). Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) system data indicated that K decreases with depth, which was supported by the numerical model results. No scale effect on K was apparent when considering the ensemble of results, suggesting that hydraulic conductivity estimates do not depend on the scale of measurement in the absence of significant aquifer heterogeneities.
Calcium-Treated Steel Cleanliness Prediction Using High-Dimensional Steelmaking Process Data
Authors: Piva Stephano , Nogueira Assis Andre , Pistorius Petrus Christiaan , Kan Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractControl of calcium treatment in steel is challenging due to the reactivity of Ca and difficulty of measuring total oxygen of steel in-process to make actionable decisions. In this work, a method combining statistics and process engineering are developed using partial least squares regression (PLS) to predict non-metallic inclusion content (oxides and CaS) and composition at the end of ladle treatment and in the tundish using extensive process data and SEM/EDS-based non-metallic inclusion analysis. Total oxygen at the end of the ladle treatment can be predicted to an accuracy of 7 ppm, and the Mg/(Mg+Al) ratio in inclusions to an accuracy of 3at% providing enough data to recommend Ca addition based on a thermodynamic calculation for the Ca liquid window. Alternatively, the model can predict total inclusion fraction to 20 ppm accuracy, and accurately predict average CaS content and Ca/Al ratio of inclusions in the tundish. Model interpretability is hindered by high dimensionality and multicollinearity of the data. Non-metallic inclusion compositions correspond to the expected composition at the onset of CaS formation based on steel composition.
A hybrid method for generating heterogeneous digital models for granites using a conditional filtering process and multiple level Weibull distribution functions
Authors: Wang Zhaofeng , Pan Peng-Zhi , Feng Guangliang , Feng Yujie , Liu Xufeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, combining geometric and statistical modelling techniques together, a novel hybrid heterogeneity digital model generation method for granites is developed. It is motivated by the complexity of the digital core method and the limitations of the traditional random Weibull distributed heterogeneous method in reflecting the mechanical behaviour influenced by the spatial distribution of mineral particles. The initial mineral proportion is acquired from the feature extraction of the input image. Then a conditional filtering process is proposed in order to acquire a reasonable mineral particle distribution. Finally, the multiple-level Weibull distribution function is applied to describe the heterogeneity of different minerals. The new method has been validated in particle distribution configuration and mechanical reflection using a simulation software. In contrast to the previous methods, the multiple heterogeneity material assignment results obtained from the conditional filtering process can better reflect the actual mineral particle distribution. Moreover, reflection of failure mode behaviour is greatly improved by the proposed method compared to the traditional single-level heterogeneity model. The current data emphasize the independent and significant influence of each mineral heterogeneity, which can only be investigated using the traditional method, which ignores mineral differences. The present study lays the groundwork for future research into the influences of mineral mechanical properties and mineral particle spatial distribution on macro mechanical behaviour.
Detection and parameter estimation of intra-pulse modulated radar signals in complex interference environments+
Authors: Duong Van Minh , Vesely Jiri , Hubacek Petr , Janu Premysl , Tran Xuan Luong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe main aim of this review is to describe in detail an advanced technique to detect and estimate the prior unknown parameters of intra-pulse modulated signals and the verification with typical radar signals. The method is approved for detecting parameters successfully, including chirp rate, carrier frequency, and pulse width. The review presents already-done research on detecting and estimating single and multi-component linear frequency modulation (LFM) and binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals in a strong noise environment and studies the technique on one more case, a mixture of LFM and BPSK signals. Firstly, the accuracy of the revised technique is shown in detecting and estimating parameters of a single and multi-component LFM signal in white noise and a mixture of continuous wave signals and noise, or a single BPSK signal in strong white noise. All of them have been done in the existing studies. This method is continuously tested in the second part by detecting a mixture of LFM and BPSK signals and estimating their parameters in intense noise. The tested experimental results demonstrate that the technique can detect single and multi-component real-time LFM signals, single BPSK as well as verification with a mixture of real-time LFM and BPSK signals with $$SNR \ge - 12{\text{ dB}}$$

S
N
R
≥
-
12

dB

is performed. As a result, the technique outperforms the existing detection methods based on machine learning and artificial intelligence.
Propulsion integration study of civil aero-engine nacelles
Authors: Tejero F. , MacManus D. , Goulos I. , Sheaf C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is envisaged that future civil aero-engines will operate with ultra-high bypass ratios to reduce the specific fuel consumption. To achieve the expected benefits from the new engine cycles, these new powerplants may mount compact nacelles. For these new configurations the aerodynamic coupling between the powerplant and the airframe may increase. For this reason, it is required to quantify and further understand the effects of aircraft integration for compact aero-engine nacelles. This study provides an insight of the changes in flow aerodynamics as well as quantification of the most relevant performance metrics of the powerplant, airframe and the combined aircraft system across a range of different installation positions. Relative to a conventional architecture, there is an aerodynamic benefit in net vehicle force of about 1.2% for a compact powerplant when installed in forward positions. This is the same improvement that was identified when the aero-engine nacelles were in isolation. However, for close-coupled installation positions, the aerodynamic benefit in net vehicle force erodes to 0.44% due to the larger effects of aircraft integration on compact nacelles.
NON-TIGHTNESS IN CLASS THEORY AND SECOND-ORDER ARITHMETIC
Authors: FREIRE ALFREDO ROQUE , WILLIAMS KAMERYN J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A theory T is tight if different deductively closed extensions of T (in the same language) cannot be bi-interpretable. Many well-studied foundational theories are tight, including

$\mathsf {PA}$

[39],

$\mathsf {ZF}$

,

$\mathsf {Z}_2$

, and

$\mathsf {KM}$

[6]. In this article we extend Enayat’s investigations to subsystems of these latter two theories. We prove that restricting the Comprehension schema of

$\mathsf {Z}_2$

and

$\mathsf {KM}$

gives non-tight theories. Specifically, we show that

$\mathsf {GB}$

and

$\mathsf {ACA}_0$

each admit different bi-interpretable extensions, and the same holds for their extensions by adding

$\Sigma ^1_k$

-Comprehension, for

$k \ge 1$

. These results provide evidence that tightness characterizes

$\mathsf {Z}_2$

and

$\mathsf {KM}$

in a minimal way.
What Do Sexes Have to Do with (Models of) Sexual Selection?
Authors: Evron Aya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSexes are normally taken to be fundamental categories in biology—many sexually reproducing organisms fall under the categories of female/male. Much research aims at explaining differences between sexes. Sexual selection forms a central framework for explaining “typical” distributions of traits among sexes and explicating circumstances leading to “reversal.” I claim that sexual selection models need not make use of sexes and that sexes lack explanatory significance in such models. I offer a framework of reproductive dimorphism and argue that it is better than that of sexes because it (1) is more compatible with explanations of sexual selection and (2) allows for their greater applicability.
Life-course socio-economic status and its impact on functional health of Portuguese older adults
Authors: Henriques A. , Ruano L. , Fraga S. , Soares S. , Barros H. , Talih M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFunctional health is arguably one of the most important health indicators for older adults, because it assesses physical, cognitive and social functions in combination. However, life-course circumstances may impact this multidimensional construct. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between life-course socio-economic status (SES) and different dimensions of functional health in older adults. Data on 821 Portuguese adults aged 50 years and over in 2013–2015 were analysed. Life-course SES was computed using participants’ paternal occupation (non-manual (nm); manual (m)) and own occupation (nm; m), resulting in four patterns: stable high (nm + nm), upward (m + nm), downward (nm + m) and stable low (m + m). Functional health included physical and mental functioning, cognitive function, handgrip strength, and walking speed. Linear (beta coefficients) and logistic regressions (odds ratios) were used to estimate the association between life-course SES and functional health.Overall, those who accumulated social disadvantage during life-course presented worse functional health than those with stable high SES (stable low – SF-36 physical functioning: β = −9.75; 95% CI: −14.34; −5.15; SF-36 mental health: β = −7.33; 95% CI: −11.55; −3.11; handgrip strength: β = −1.60; 95% CI: −2.86; −0.35; walking time, highest tertile: OR = 5.28; 95% CI: 3.07; 9.09). Those with an upward SES were not statistically different from those in the stable high SES for most of the health outcomes; however, those with an upward SES trajectory tended to have higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 0.96; 3.19). A downward SES trajectory increased the odds of slower walking speed (OR = 4.62; 95% CI: 1.78; 11.95). A disadvantaged life-course SES impacts older adults’ physical and mental functioning. For some outcomes, this was attenuated by a favourable adulthood SES but those with a stable low SES consistently presented worse functional health.
Can adult children’s education prevent parental health decline in the short term and long term? Evidence from rural China
Authors: Wang Yiru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the first evidence of the causal relationship between adult children’s schooling and changes in parental health in the short and long term. By using supply-side variation in schooling as an instrument for adult children’s education and a representative dataset for rural China, we find that adult children’ education has a positive influence on the long-term changes in parental health, with limited evidence of any short-term effect. Our results remain consistent after a variety of sensitivity tests. The heterogeneous analyses show differences in socio-economic status and gender, with low-educated parents and mothers being the primary beneficiaries of children’s schooling. Potential mechanisms for the long-term effects of adult children’s education on changes in parental health include better chronic disease management, improved access to health, sanitation, and clean fuel facilities, improved psychological well-being, and reduced smoking behaviours.
Vowels and consonants matter equally to British English-learning 11-month-olds’ familiar word form recognition
Authors: RATNAGE Paul , NAZZI Thierry , FLOCCIA Caroline 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile adult studies show that consonants are more important than vowels in lexical processing tasks, the developmental trajectory of this consonant bias varies cross-linguistically. This study tested whether British English-learning 11-month-old infants’ recognition of familiar word forms is more reliant on consonants than vowels, as found by Poltrock and Nazzi (2015) in French. After establishing that infants prefer listening to a list of familiar words over pseudowords (Experiment 1), Experiment 2 examined preference for consonant versus vowel mispronunciations of these words. Infants listened to both alterations equally. In Experiment 3, using a simplified version of the task with one familiar word only (‘mummy’), infants’ preference for its correct pronunciation over a consonant or a vowel change confirmed an equal sensitivity to both alterations. British English-learning infants’ word form recognition appears to be equally impacted by consonant and vowel information, providing further evidence that initial lexical processes vary cross-linguistically.
Computational cognitive modeling for syntactic acquisition: Approaches that integrate information from multiple places
Authors: PEARL Lisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractComputational cognitive modeling is a tool we can use to evaluate theories of syntactic acquisition. Here, I review several models implementing theories that integrate information from both linguistic and non-linguistic sources to learn different types of syntactic knowledge. Some of these models additionally consider the impact of factors coming from children’s developing non-linguistic cognition. I discuss some existing child behavioral work that can inspire future model-building, and conclude by considering more specifically how to build better models of syntactic acquisition.
Archaeology of random recursive dags and Cooper-Frieze random networks
Authors: Briend Simon , Calvillo Francisco , Lugosi Gábor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study the problem of finding the root vertex in large growing networks. We prove that it is possible to construct confidence sets of size independent of the number of vertices in the network that contain the root vertex with high probability in various models of random networks. The models include uniform random recursive dags and uniform Cooper-Frieze random graphs.
A Student-Centered, Expanded Approach to the Undergraduate Research Experience
Authors: Livny Avital 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTStudent involvement in faculty research is on the rise because it serves at least three sets of interests: (1) students’ desire to build their résumés and develop close relationships with faculty members; (2) faculty members’ hope of getting research support from bright, attentive assistants; and (3) universities’ wish to publicize these opportunities to incoming student and faculty cohorts. At times, faculty members may come to see their undergraduate researchers as a source of inexpensive but high-quality labor, forgetting that they are students who are at the university to learn critical skills. In this article, I make the case for a student-centered approach to the undergraduate research experience (URE), which combines a traditional apprenticeship with a curriculum in the “what,” “why,” and “how” of research and expands the program over multiple semesters, supporting a team of student apprentices. I argue that this approach meets more of students’ goals while also supporting faculty and university interests. I describe the multi-semester URE that I have developed and provide tools to faculty members who want to adapt this program to their home institution.
Origins of Post-1960 Black Family Structure
Authors: Jaynes Gerald David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper shows how social structure shapes many behaviors of low-income Black peoples’ currently labeled “culture.” It refutes both culture of poverty arguments based in welfare dependency and deindustrialization explanations of the post-1960 increase in single-parent Black families. Historically, distinct discrimination experiences in urban versus rural Black enclaves structured distinct child socializations and Black family formations, North and South. Agrarian enclaves socialized conformity to two-parent-families and racist labor markets; urban enclaves socialized resistance to racially stratified labor markets to preserve self-worth, destabilizing families. Any census measure of pre-1960 Black family structure averages low mother-only rates among rural socialized Blacks and high rates among urban socialized Blacks. The 1960-1980 doubling (21% to 41%) of Black children in one-parent families emerged from urbanization converging Blacks toward urban socialized Blacks’ historically high rate. Post-1970 welfare liberalization and/or deindustrialization were exacerbating factors, not causes. Using a family head’s urban/rural residence at age sixteen to proxy socialization location, logistic regressions on 1960s census data confirm hypothesis.