bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Final report of CCQM-K172 on measurement of Specific Adsorption A [mol/kg] of Ar on zeolite at liquid argon temperature (to enable a traceable determination of the Specific Surface Area by following ISO 9277)
Authors: Sobina Egor , Prinz Carsten , Landi Sandra M , Santos Bianca P S , Damasceno Jailton C , Kuznetsov Oleksii , BİLSEL Mine , Sadak Ali Enis , Wang Hai 
Published: February 2023

Main text
The CCQM-K172 key comparison on measurement of Specific Adsorption A [mol/kg] of Ar on zeolite at liquid argon temperature (to enable a traceable determination of the Specific Surface Area by following ISO 9277) has been performed by the Surface Analysis Working Group (SAWG) of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM). The objective of this key comparison is to compare the equivalency of the National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) for the measurement of specific adsorption of Ar, BET specific surface area) of microporous substances (zeolites, sorbents, ceramics, catalytic agents, etc) used in advanced technology.
In this key comparison, a commercial zeolite was supplied as a sample. Five NMIs/DIs participated in this key comparison. All participants used a gas adsorption method, here argon adsorption at 77.3 K, for analysis according to the international standard ISO 9277.
In this key comparison, the degrees of equivalence uncertainties for specific adsorption argon, BET specific surface area were established.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Investigation of Multi-ionization Processes of Kr and Xe Using Short-pulse X-rays and Time-of-flight Apparatus
Authors: Gejo Tatsuo , Tanaka Yuka , Sakano Takuya , Takeuchi Satoshi , Takahashi Osamu , Osawa Hitoshi , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Tamasaku Kenji , Oura Masaki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The multi-ionization processes of Kr and Xe in the K-edge photon energy region were investigated using short-pulse x-rays and time-of-flight apparatus. The generation of Kr13+ ions in this photon energy region was observed for the first time. The distribution characteristics observed in the experiment, such as the production of Kr13+ ions, high production ratios of Kr4+, Kr5+, and Kr6+ ions, and the existence of a small peak for Kr8+, were quantitatively reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation for the charge distribution of Kr ions following 1s of inner shell ionization. The highly charged ions were suppressed in the experiments compared with those in the simulation, probably owing to the inhibition of certain Coster-Kronig processes in the highly charged ions, which were not considered for analysis. The charge distribution of Xe ions following 1s of inner shell ionization was also investigated. A similar charge distribution was observed when the photon energy was located between the K and L edges. This is because the Xe 1s hole state mainly undergoes ultrafast relaxation to the 2p hole state owing to the strong dipole transition moment between the 1s and 2p states.
Controlled synthesis of 3D urchinlike niobium tungsten oxide nanostructure for fast hydrogen ion storage
Authors: Wang Liushun , Zhang Hanyang , Yin Yanling , Zhou YuLan , Yin Xixi , Wang Ting , Zeng Jing , Wang Weike , Zhou Weichang , Tang Dongsheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The shear crystal structure through metal doping can effectively promote the transport speed of ions and electrons in metal oxides, which has important dynamic significance for the design of high-performance energy storage materials. Herein, a 3D urchinlike niobium tungsten oxide (NWO) nanostructure as an efficient hydrogen ion storage material is reported for the first time, which exhibits a capacity of 88mAh g−1 at 20 °C (1 °C = 100 mA g−1). The large specific capacity of the 3D urchinlike NWO nanostructure is ascribed to the reversible reaction of a great quantity of W6+, W5+ and W4+ in the process of protonation and deprotonation processes. In addition, hydrogen ions can still be stored in large and stable quantities, even at rates as high as 100 °C (75 mAh g−1 at 100 °C). The improvement of hydrogen ion storage properties is arising from an optimized morphology of niobium tungsten oxide via tuning of the crystal structure. The high specific superficial area 3D urchinlike shape with rich one-dimensional nanostructures significantly shortens charge-carrier transport distances, ensuring rapid interfacial electronics movement to polish up ion storage kinetics. Consequently, this crystallographic shear structure strategy to boost hydrogen ion storage capacity may be universal and is likely to pave the way toward highly capacity hydrogen ion energy storage systems.
Detection of distributed and localized faults in rotating machines using periodically non-stationary covariance analysis of vibrations
Authors: Javorskyj Ihor , Yuzefovych Roman , Lychak Oleh , Semenov Pavlo , Slyepko Roman 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The covariance structure for vibrations of the noising mechanism for a port crane and a wind turbine with gear tooth breakage are studied on the basis of their models in the form of periodically non-stationary random processes (PNRPs). The investigation is performed by the authors using PNRP statistical analysis methods. The estimations of the basic frequencies of the vibration’s deterministic components and the time changes of the power for the stochastic part (the PNRP variance) are the key issues of this analysis. In the present paper, the basic frequency estimators are obtained using the least squares technique which are characterized by the maximum of the signal-to-noise ratio as compared with techniques known in the literature. Using the basic frequency, values for the Fourier coefficients for the mean and covariance functions are calculated and the dependencies of the forenamed moment functions on time and lag are ascertained. The amplitude spectra of the deterministic oscillations and the time changes of the power of the stochastic part are presented. These spectra are considered as the symptomatic features of the mechanism’s state of health. It is revealed that the high-frequency modulation of PNRP carrier harmonics is narrow-band for both distributed and localized faults. Using bandpass filtering and Hilbert transform, the quadratures for each high-frequency component are separated and analyzed. It is shown that the auto- and cross-covariance structure of the high-frequency component quadratures characterizes the specific features of the different types of faults. Using the cross-covariance map for high-frequency components, the peculiarities of the bandpass filtering of vibrations for a damaged wind turbine’s gearbox as a PNRP’s is considered. It is shown that the filtering bandwidth cannot be narrower than 14 times the basic frequency. This bandwidth essentially exceeds that recommended in the literature (two to three times the basic frequency).
Magnetic resonance biomarker assessment software (MR-BIAS): an automated open-source tool for the ISMRM/NIST system phantom
Authors: Korte James C , Chin Zachary , Carr Madeline , Holloway Lois , Franich Rick 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. To provide an open-source software for repeatable and efficient quantification of T
1 and T
2 relaxation times with the ISMRM/NIST system phantom. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) biomarkers have the potential to improve disease detection, staging and monitoring of treatment response. Reference objects, such as the system phantom, play a major role in translating qMRI methods into the clinic. The currently available open-source software for ISMRM/NIST system phantom analysis, Phantom Viewer (PV), includes manual steps that are subject to variability. Approach. We developed the Magnetic Resonance BIomarker Assessment Software (MR-BIAS) to automatically extract system phantom relaxation times. The inter-observer variability (IOV) and time efficiency of MR-BIAS and PV was observed in six volunteers analysing three phantom datasets. The IOV was measured with the coefficient of variation (CV) of percent bias (%bias) in T
1 and T
2 with respect to NMR reference values. The accuracy of MR-BIAS was compared to a custom script from a published study of twelve phantom datasets. This included comparison of overall bias and %bias for variable inversion recovery (T
1
VIR), variable flip angle (T
1
VFA) and multiple spin-echo (T
2
MSE) relaxation models. Main results. MR-BIAS had a lower mean CV with T
1
VIR (0.03%) and T
2
MSE (0.05%) in comparison to PV with T
1
VIR (1.28%) and T
2
MSE (4.55%). The mean analysis duration was 9.7 times faster for MR-BIAS (0.8 min) than PV (7.6 min). There was no statistically significant difference in the overall bias, or the %bias for the majority of ROIs, as calculated by MR-BIAS or the custom script for all models. Significance. MR-BIAS has demonstrated repeatable and efficient analysis of the ISMRM/NIST system phantom, with comparable accuracy to previous studies. The software is freely available to the MRI community, providing a framework to automate required analysis tasks, with the flexibility to explore open questions and accelerate biomarker research.
Scanning drift tube measurements and kinetic studies of electron transport in CO
Authors: Dujko S , Bošnjaković D , Vass M , Hartmann P , Korolov I , Pinhão N R , Loffhagen D , Donkó Z 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present scanning drift tube measurements of electron swarm transport coefficients in CO as a function of the reduced electric field

E

/

N

at room temperature under time-of-flight conditions. The measurements are compared to modeling results and other available experimental data on swarm transport over the broad range of

E

/

N

from 2 Td to 1603 Td. The modeling results are obtained in Monte Carlo simulations and by solving the electron Boltzmann equation using a multi-term approach and the density gradient expansion procedure. We find generally good agreement between the measured and calculated transport coefficients. We propose a strategy to improve the cross-section set used to explain certain discrepancies at lower

E

/

N

values. Measurements and calculations of electron transport coefficients under hydrodynamic conditions are complemented by Monte Carlo simulations of electron transport in an idealized steady-state Townsend (SST) setup. The ionization coefficient is calculated as a function of

E

/

N

from the spatial density profiles of the electrons and compared to the corresponding values evaluated from the knowledge of the effective ionization frequency, drift velocity and longitudinal diffusion coefficient. Contrary to the traditional views, according to which the spatial relaxation of the mean energy and other transport properties for electrons in molecular gases is most commonly monotonic or quasi-monotonic, we find a ‘window’ of

E

/

N

where the SST transport properties of the electrons exhibit oscillatory behavior as they relax towards the equilibrium state far downstream from the electron emitting boundary.
Evidence for fireballs in bipolar HiPIMS plasmas
Authors: Law Marcus A , Lockwood Estrin Francis , Bryant Paul M , Bowden Mark D , Bradley James W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Using laser Thomson scattering (LTS) and 2D optical imaging, a fireball-like discharge is detected during the positive pulse period of bipolar voltage waveforms, for a circular planar unbalanced magnetron with W target operating in argon. These reverse discharges, excited for positive pulse voltages V
pp from 200 to 300 V, sit primarily on the discharge centreline. Their establishment is delayed relative to the initiation of the positive pulse, with the delay time shortening with increased V
pp: they are clearly attached to the target (anode in this phase) and have lifetimes extending to the end of the positive pulse. LTS measurements of the electron temperature T
e show dramatic electron heating (T
e rises from 1 up to 3 eV) both on the discharge centre line and above the racetrack during the fireball event. This is consistent with greater light intensities from the broad band optical imaging of the discharge. In the fireball phase, the LTS measurements also show greatly reduced election densities (by a factor of 5) in the magnetic trap (directly above the racetrack) compared to the unipolar pulse case. The existence of such anodic fireballs is quite possibly an unwanted effect in bipolar HiPIMS.
Rate of moment convergence in the central limit theorem for the elephant random walk
Authors: Hayashi Masafumi , Oshiro So , Takei Masato 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The one-dimensional elephant random walk is a typical model of discrete-time random walk with step-reinforcement, and is introduced by Schütz and Trimper (2004 Phys. Rev. E 70 045101). It has a parameter

α
∈
(
−
1
,
1
)

: the case α = 0 corresponds to the simple symmetric random walk, and when α > 0 (resp. α < 0), the mean displacement of the walker at time n grows (resp. vanishes) like n

α
. The walk admits a phase transition at

α
=
1

/

2

from the diffusive behavior to the superdiffusive behavior. In this paper, we study the rate of the moment convergence in the central limit theorem for the position of the walker when

−
1
<
α
⩽
1

/

2

. We find a crossover phenomenon in the rate of convergence of the 2mth moments with

m
=
2
,
3
,
…

inside the diffusive regime

−
1
<
α
<
1

/

2

.
Design of Optically Controlled Reversible NOT Gate Using Micro Ring Resonators
Authors: Mandal Dhoumendra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Micro Ring Resonator (MRR) is a successful micro-device with the help of which different types of optical logic gates, logic processors, arithmetic units, etc. can be designed and integrated easily into the modern high-speed communication network. In this article, at first, the author has explained the switching mechanism of MRR and then designed an optically controlled Feynman gate (i.e. reversible controlled-Not gate) using MRRs. The switching mechanism of MRR is reliable and the switching speed of MRR is very fast. The change the resonance condition of MRR can occur when the ring is exposed in the optical pump beam with high intensity. The logic processors using Reversible Logic gates are more acceptable due to their data recovery capability and low power consumption. The designed circuit of optically controlled NOT Gate is testified with the MATLAB simulation results. To fulfil the demand for an ultra-high-speed network, the development of high speed optical logic processors is the primary requisite and this scheme will be very helpful for developing such elements.
Influence Of Critical Beam Power On Propagation Dynamics Of q-Gaussian Laser Beams In Isotropic Collisional Plasma
Authors: Khandale K Y , Takale P T , Patil S S , Urunkar T U , Valkunde A T , Patil S D , Takale M V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In current work, the beam-width parameter (BWP) equation is reduced to two variables such as q and critical beam power (p
0) which govern the propagation dynamics and intervals of critical beam power p
0 of a q-Gaussian laser beam have been investigated. The non-linear dependence of dielectric function in collisional plasma used herein is primarily because of heterogeneous heating of carriers along the wavefront of the laser beam. The influence of intervals of p
0 is further used to explore propagation dynamics of q-Gaussian laser beam in isotropic, homogeneous and collisional plasma has been studied. The Akhmanov’s parabolic equation approach under WKB (Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin) and paraxial approximations are used in current work. The results have been found reasonably interesting which are revealed graphically and discussed.
Identification of Microplastics Using a Custom Built Micro-Raman Spectrometer
Authors: Unnimaya S , Mithun N , Lukose Jijo , Nair Manju P , Gopinath Anu , Chidangil Santhosh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 mm in size but larger than 0.1 µm. Widespread microplastic pollution in aquatic and terrestrial environment is raising serious concern globally due to its detrimental impacts on living beings. This urge for the necessity of a sensitive analytical tool, which can facilitate reliable identification of microplastics. Micro-Raman spectroscopy enables molecular level structural details of samples and thus highly preferable for the identification of microplastics in water. Besides being a non-destructive technique enabling fast analysis, this technique requires minimal/no sample preparation. The present work demonstrates the performance of a custom built Micro-Raman spectrometer for the discrimination of various microplastics in water based samples. Micro- Raman analysis have been found quite successful in the identification of Polystyrene (PS), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), High Density Poly ethylene (HDPE), Low Density Poly ethylene (LDPE) etc. The Micro-Raman spectral data have been capable enough for the discrimination of high-density polyethylene (HDPE,> 0.940 g/cm3) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE,< 0.930 g/cm3) microplastics, especially due to the variations in the C-H stretching vibrations (2825-2970 cm−1). The ratio of intensities of asymmetric CH2 stretching mode (2879 cm−1) and the symmetric CH2 stretching mode (2847 cm−1) are found to be higher for HDPE with respect to LDPE. Moreover, intensity variations were also observed for the antisymmetric and symmetric C-C stretching bands present at 1059 cm−1 and 1126 cm−1 respectively. The band at 1167 cm−1 arising from CH vibration have also shown an intensity enhancement in HDPE samples.
H-Polarised EM-Wave Transport in Polymeric-Chalcogenide Columnar Photonic Materials
Authors: Bihari Narendra , Srivastava Ankita , Chourasia Nitesh K. , Chourasia Ritesh Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The propagation of H-polarized electromagnetic (EM) waves in polymeric (PEI)-chalcogenide (As2Se3) photonic materials (PCCPM) has been theoretically optimized and investigated in the current work. We used the Transfer Matrix Technique (TMT) and Hankel Realism (HR) in columnar coordinates to show numerical findings for the unit columnar junction and columnar slab for both polymeric (low refractive index) and chalcogenide (high refractive index) materials composed at least loss wavelength window (632.8 nm). The optical transmittance with wavelength for both materials for the cylindrical unitary slab displays oscillating and non-oscillating signatures, indicating that the starting radius has a significant impact on the transmittance at a constant slab width. The oscillatory transmittance becomes squizzing when the starting radius is increased. Furthermore, for smaller modal numbers, optical transmittance is an oscillatory function of slab thickness, and for (m=4), it becomes minimum and flat. These scientific breakthroughs pave the door for a variety of photonic devices and sensor applications.
Fabrication of Near Ultraviolet Photodetector using α-Fe2O3 Thin FilmSynthesized via Spray Coating Technique
Authors: Kaawash N. M. S. , Halge D I , Narwade V N , Dadge J W , Bogle K A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A UV photodetector was created using a spray-deposited α-Fe2O3 thin film on a glass substrate at 160 °C. The film’s thickness was approximately 110 nm. With a near UV light at a wavelength of 340 nm and an intensity of 140 µW/cm2, the photosensitivity of an individual α-Fe2O3 thin film photodetector was greater than 40%. An individual α-Fe2O3 thin film-based photodetector’s rapid photoresponse time of 1.6 ms and responsivity of ~ 1 mA/W can be attributed to the band gap and chemisorption of oxygen on the film’s surface. The photodetectors’ simple, low-cost, and large-scale fabrication demonstrates the fabrication of a stable, reversible, and rapid photo-responsive photodetector for near UV wavelength.
Indium Antimonide Based Terahertz Plasmonic Ring Resonator Filter
Authors: Thomas Sherin , Satyanarayan M.N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a tunable filter composed of a semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor (SIS) waveguide with a ring resonator at terahertz(THz) frequency. The two-dimensional study of the proposed structure has been done using the finite element method. It is observed that the device can be used for filtering THz frequency within the range of 0.4 THz to 0.9 THz by varying the structural parameters. The simulated structure is a promising candidate for an integrated optical circuit and terahertz devices as a filter. The results of the simulations are discussed in detail.
Linear SV Plot Ananlysis in Steady State and Transient State to Explore Fluorescence Quenching of Coumarin Derivative by Aniline
Authors: Bhavya P. , Melavanki Raveendra , Revathi V. , Kusanur Raviraj 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Static and transient state analysis related to fluorescence quenching of heterocyclic compound namely 3-Hydroxy-3-[2-oxo-2-(3-oxo-3H-benzo[f]chromen-2-yl)-ethyl]-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one [3HBCD] in Toluene (nonpolar) and Butanol (polar protic) reveals the play of material diffusion in quenching mechanism. Time resolved method is used in Toluene a nonpolar solvent to further support the theory of material diffusion. Aniline is used as quencher to carry out the quenching studies. In both steady and transient state linear SV plots are observed with intercept ≈ 1. Correlation in the activation energy in both study state and transient state (Ea and E’a) suggests efficient quenching. Also calculated values of p (or p’) and the activation energies points that material diffusion has predominant role in quenching. This study help engineer the structure of new family of coumarin drugs with selective sensitivity which is of utmost importance in the field of chemistry and pharmaceutical industry.
Investigations Towards the Measurement of Displacement using Lateral Shearing Interferometry and Fourier Fringe Analysis Technique
Authors: Disawal Reena , Thakur Mahendra S , Tiwari Sadhana , Jain Aabha 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the present communication we report the measurement of small displacement of reflecting surface (plane mirror) using wedge plate lateral shearing interferometry. With the help of simple mathematical analysis relation between specimen displacement and difference phase is undertaken. Fourier based fringe analysis technique is used for determination of difference phase. Theoretical and experimental investigations are carried out to check the sensitivity of the technique. The detailed discussion regarding sources of errors and uncertainty analysis is also incorporated and the expanded uncertainty is found to be ±0.00236mm. The technique is simple and can be used in industry environment.
Detection of Vitiligo Using Optical Sensor Based on 2-D Photonic Crystals
Authors: Mankotia Amit , Shukla Anil Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This structure proposes the creation of the optical biosensor that can be used to detect vitiligo caused to pigment loss. For accomplishing this, a pair of 2-D photonic crystal structures, such as the K3 and K7 resonators, are examined. The study of both resonator structures is succeeded using (FDTD) Finite Difference Time Domain. The Lumerical simulation tool is used to model these structures in the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD). The subsequent optical properties of different pigmentation in human skin are investigated, and the refractive indexes information are entered into Lumerical (FDTD) to find variations in the refractive indexes of several pigments that produce vitiligo.