bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of professional nursing practice environments in primary health care
Authors: de Lima Trindade Letícia , Guerreiro Bruna de Campos , de Oliveira Sandra Mara Soares , Ventura-Silva João Miguel Almeida , Rostirolla Leticia , Zuge Samuel Spiegelberg , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveAnalyzing the environments of professional nursing practice in Primary Health Care in a municipality in the west of the state of Santa Catarina.MethodA quantitative, explanatory, cross-sectional study was carried out in 24 Primary Care health units. A total of 159 nursing professionals took part and answered a questionnaire on personal and professional characteristics and the Nursing Professional Practice Evaluation Scale/SEE-Nursing Practice, comprised of Structure, Process, and Outcome sub-scales. The data was subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis.ResultsThere were positive evaluations for people management and leadership in the Structure dimension. Technicians and nursing assistants had positive evaluations of the organization and sustainability of practice. In Process, collaboration and teamwork stood out, and strategies to guarantee the quality of care. In the Outcome dimension, there was a relationship between gender and systematic evaluation of care, with higher scores among women.ConclusionA positive evaluation of professional nursing practice environments in Primary Care contributes to the effective management of people, materials, and care processes, reflecting on the quality of nursing practice and access to healthcare.
Factors affecting risk perception of COVID-19: differences by age and gender
Authors: Kang Sungwook , You Chang Hoon , Kwon Young Dae 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAddressing emerging infectious diseases is a major task in public health. This study investigated the factors influencing the perception of risk related to COVID-19.MethodsThis study analyzed data from the 2020 Social Survey conducted nationwide in South Korea, targeting 34,909 individuals aged 13 years and older. Using an ordered logit regression model, we examined the relationship between COVID-19 risk perception and its predictors across age groups (20–44 years, 45–64 years, 65 years and older) and gender groups. The predictors included in the analysis model were demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, health and quality of life factors, levels of social trust, and climate change factors.ResultsThe results demonstrated that COVID-19 risk perception was higher among older individuals and women compared with men. In the young population group (20–44 years), mental stress was related to COVID-19 risk perception, but this was not observed in other population groups. In the older adult population group (65 years and older), education level was related to COVID-19 risk perception, whereas this was not observed in the young population group. In the male group, economic variables such as income and employment status were related to COVID-19 risk perception, whereas in women, family-related variables such as marital status and housing type were related. In most subgroup analyses, lower income levels or lower life satisfaction were associated with higher COVID-19 risk perception.DiscussionThe findings of this study suggest that health authorities need to tailor their responses to COVID-19 risk perception based on different populations and social groups. For the older adult population with a high-risk perception, it is necessary to provide reliable information to reduce anxiety caused by excessive risk perception. For the young population, proactive responses from health authorities regarding mental health are needed.
Socioeconomic status and delayed surgery: impact on non-metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma outcomes
Authors: Zhang Kun , Wang Xinyi , Lei Jianyong , Su Anping , Wei Tao , Li Zhihui , Chen Ya-Wen 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe growing popularity of active surveillance for papillary thyroid cancer and the COVID-19 pandemic have increased surgery delay, further necessitating a reassessment of the link between surgery delay and survival outcomes for papillary thyroid cancer. In this study, we aim to investigate the interplay among various oncological factors, socioeconomic status, and surgical timing with respect to survival outcomes of papillary thyroid cancer.MethodsA total of 58,378 non-metastatic papillary thyroid cancer patients from 2000 to 2018 were screened from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kaplan–Meier survival curve, Cox proportional hazard regression, competing risk hazard regression, and multinomial logistic regression were applied.ResultsReceiving neck dissection or radioactive iodine therapy, being married at diagnosis, living in an urban area, being richer, and being of other minority ethnicity were estimated to be independent predictors for better overall survival. Single, older Black patients living in rural areas that experienced long surgery delays were more associated with a higher non- papillary thyroid cancer mortality rate. High income level was the only independent socioeconomic status predictor for lower papillary thyroid cancer -specific mortality. Unmarried, older patients of minority ethnicity tended to undergo longer surgery delays.ConclusionSurgery for non-metastatic papillary thyroid cancer patients can be safely delayed. The elevated non-papillary thyroid cancer mortality has reflected low socioeconomic status population’s survival status.
The rise of congenital syphilis in Canada: threats and opportunities
Authors: Tetteh Ashorkor , Moore Victoria 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIn Canada, rates of congenital syphilis have been increasing rapidly in recent years, following a surge in infectious syphilis. These trends call for a closer look at missed opportunities for testing, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of pregnant individuals. The epidemiological situation is especially serious given that effective treatment is available for syphilis during pregnancy and that congenital syphilis is a preventable outcome that engenders adverse birth outcomes such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and neonatal death as well as potentially lifelong ocular, neurological, hepatosplenic, and musculoskeletal sequelae. The objective of this study is to examine the factors associated with congenital syphilis trends and to highlight promising initiatives and programs across the country committed to addressing these trends.MethodsA literature review with a focus on Canadian studies was conducted to identify factors that may be driving the continued increase in early congenital syphilis rates over the past decade. An environmental scan of initiatives and programs providing syphilis care and support was also conducted.ResultsKey factors identified in association with congenital syphilis outcomes included a lack of timely and repeated prenatal syphilis screening, inadequate prenatal treatment and follow-up of syphilis infection, barriers to accessing prenatal care caused by multiple intersecting social determinants of health as well as by certain structural determinants of health, and substance use. A number of initiatives to improve syphilis care within the health care system and several community-based programs filling in some of the gaps in syphilis care and support are making important advances in addressing the epidemiological situation with syphilis.DiscussionMuch work is underway at various levels of government and local community to address the situation. Key recommendations for maximizing impact in curbing infectious and congenital syphilis rates include the following: planning an integrated strategy for addressing sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections as a whole; adopting a more holistic approach to improving health and wellbeing; developing targeted interventions for addressing structural and social barriers to health equity; and taking a collaborative approach to response by involving multilevel stakeholders, such as key populations, community groups, health care providers, and public health authorities.
The trend of suicide and self-harm in the Chinese population from 2018 to 2022 based on ambulance medical emergency cases: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Ruizhe , Zhou Jinsu , Bigambo Francis Manyori , Yan Wu , Wang Xu , Yang Haibo 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study investigates the trends of suicide and self-harm in Nanjing, China, through 4 years of data collection, aiming to provide valuable information for developing effective suicide prevention strategies.MethodsThis descriptive study analyzed Nanjing Emergency Medical Center (NEMC) ambulance records from Nanjing (2018–2022) to investigate suicide and self-harm events. Out of 689,305 records, 4,261 cases were included after exclusions. The study categorized incidents into 4,103 suicide events and 158 self-harm cases. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were conducted to identify characteristics and themes related to these events, with age groups defined according to American Medical Association standards.ResultsThe study highlights drug poisoning as the leading method, accounting for 63.56% of the 4,103 suicide events. It notes significant trends by age, gender, and season, with males showing higher rates of self-harm. The study emphasizes the need for targeted prevention strategies, particularly focusing on drug-related suicides among adults and adolescents, as well as the prevalence of various self-harming behaviors.ConclusionTo reduce self-harm and suicide, interventions must be strengthened for women, who experience higher rates. Key strategies include regulating pesticides and psychotropic drugs, increasing access to mental health resources, and launching community awareness campaigns. Additionally, training healthcare providers and promoting family education can enhance support for women facing mental health challenges.
Bioactive potential and storage behavior of low molecular mass peptides in Pilsner and IPA style craft beers
Authors: da Silva Roberta Nogueira Pereira , Tonin Angelica Priscila Parussolo , Ramos Gabriela Soares Macello , Dias Juliana Furtado , Meurer Eduardo Cesar , Koblitz Maria Gabriela Bello 
Published: January 2025

Beer, one of the most widely consumed alcoholic beverages globally, is typically produced from barley and hops, and contains carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, ethanol, and bioactive phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds. However, the knowledge of protein content, particularly bioactive peptides in beer, remains limited. Given that beer production involves raw materials rich in both proteins and proteolytic enzymes, which may remain active throughout the product’s shelf life, beer holds potential as a source of bioactive peptides. This study aimed to investigate the presence of bioactive di- and tripeptides in craft beer samples from Pilsner and IPA styles, after 3 or 6 months of storage. LC-MS/MS analysis was performed using the 46 Da neutral loss method and collision-induced dissociation, followed by peptide bioactivity screening through the BIOPEP database. Twelve di- and tripeptides, with masses ranging from 177 to 329 (m/z), were identified, exhibiting potential bioactivities such as dipeptidyl peptidase IV and III inhibition, ACE inhibition, and antioxidative properties. These activities are associated with reduced risk of high blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. After 3 months of storage, peptide intensity decreased in Pilsner samples but increased in IPA samples. Pilsner beers, typically clear due to added chill-proofing proteases, showed reduced peptide intensity over time, whereas IPA, which often remains hazy and lacks such enzymes, exhibited increased peptide levels. These findings suggest that Pilsner beers may benefit from quicker consumption, while IPA may be better suited for longer storage to maximize bioactive peptide intake.
Economic value of HPC experience for new STEM professionals: Insights from STEM hiring managers
Authors: Snapp-Childs Winona , Costa Claudia M. , Olds Daniel , Snell Addison , Wernert Julie A. , Stewart Craig A. 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to investigate particular aspects of the STEM job market in the US. In particular, we ask: could the possession of high performance computing (HPC) skills enhance the chances of a person getting a job and/or increase starting salaries for people receiving an undergraduate or graduate degree and entering the technical workforce (rather than academia)? We also estimate the value to the US economy of practical experience offered to US students through training about HPC and the opportunity to use HPC systems funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and accessible nationally.MethodsInterviews and surveys of employers of graduates in STEM fields were used to gauge demand for STEM graduates with practical HPC experience and the salary increase that can be associated with the possession of such skills. We used data from the XSEDE project to determine how many undergraduate and graduate students it enabled to acquire practical proficiency with HPC.ResultsPeople with such skills who had completed an undergraduate or graduate degree received an initial median hiring salary of approximately 7%–15% more than those with the same degrees who did not possess such skills. XSEDE added approximately $10 million or more per year to the US economy through the practical educational opportunities it offered.DiscussionPractical hands-on experience provided by the US federal government, as well as many universities and colleges in the US, holds value for students as they enter the workforce.ConclusionPractical training in HPC during the course of undergraduate and graduate programs has the potential to produce positive individual labor market outcomes (i.e., salary boosts, signing bonuses) as well as to help address the shortage of STEM workers in the private sector of the US.
Advancing terrestrial snow depth monitoring with machine learning and L-band InSAR data: a case study using NASA’s SnowEx 2017 data
Authors: Alabi Ibrahim Olalekan , Marshall Hans-Peter , Mead Jodi , Trujillo Ernesto 
Published: January 2025

Current terrestrial snow depth mapping from space faces challenges in spatial coverage, revisit frequency, and cost. Airborne lidar, although precise, incurs high costs and has limited geographical coverage, thereby necessitating the exploration of alternative, cost-effective methodologies for snow depth estimation. The forthcoming NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission, with its 12-day global revisit cycle and 1.25 GHz L-band frequency, introduces a promising avenue for cost-effective, large-scale snow depth and snow water equivalent (SWE) estimation using L-band Interferometric SAR (InSAR) capabilities. This study demonstrates InSAR’s potential for snow depth estimation via machine learning. Using 3 m resolution L-band InSAR products over Grand Mesa, Colorado, we compared the performance of three machine learning approaches (XGBoost, ExtraTrees, and Neural Networks) across open, vegetated, and the combined (open + vegetated) datasets using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Bias Error (MBE), and R2 metrics. XGBoost emerged as the superior model, with RMSE values of 9.85 cm, 10.46 cm, and 9.88 cm for open, vegetated, and combined regions, respectively. Validation against in situ snow depth measurements resulted in an RMSE of approximately 16 cm, similar to in situ validation of the airborne lidar. Our findings indicate that L-band InSAR, with its ability to penetrate clouds and cover extensive areas, coupled with machine learning, holds promise for enhancing snow depth estimation. This approach, especially with the upcoming NISAR launch, may enable high-resolution (∼10 m) snow depth mapping over extensive areas, provided suitable training data are available, offering a cost-effective approach for snow monitoring. The code and data used in this work are available at https://github.com/cryogars/uavsar-lidar-ml-project.
Need for cognitive closure, political trust, and belief in conspiracy theories during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jedinger Alexander , Masch Lena 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis research examines the effect of individual differences in the need for cognitive closure and political trust on the endorsement of COVID-19 conspiracy theories. We hypothesize that individuals high in cognitive closure and low in political trust will seize on conspiracy accounts of the pandemic. In contrast, we expect that individuals high in cognitive closure and political trust are more likely to disregard conspiracies surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodTo test our preregistered hypotheses, we rely on data from multiple waves of a representative survey among the German population (N = 2,883). The need for cognitive closure and general political trust was assessed before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, while belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories and specific trust in handling the crisis was fielded during the second wave of the pandemic.ResultsWe find that individuals with a high need for cognitive closure are more likely to accept conspiracy narratives, but the effect size is small. At the same time, pre-pandemic trust and concurrent trust in political and medical institutions are strongly negatively related to conspiracy beliefs. We find no support for a moderating effect of political trust.ConclusionThis study finds only small effects for individual differences in the need for cognitive closure but strong effects for political trust in explaining conspiracy beliefs. It underlines the importance of a lack of trust in political institutions for democratic societies in the age of misinformation and post-truth politics.
The effects and mechanisms of deep free trade agreements on agricultural global value chains
Authors: Zeng Huasheng , Chen Shuyu , Zhang Haoruo , Xu Jinhai 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIn the context of the growing global trend toward the deep integration of free trade agreements (FTAs), enhanced regional agricultural collaboration has significantly impacted the agricultural global value chains (AGVCs). Clarifying how FTA depth affects a country’s AGVC participation is crucial for promoting high-quality agricultural development and deepening international agricultural cooperation.Methods and goalsThis paper constructs and calculates indicators for FTA depth and the AGVC index, employing fixed effects models, PPML models, and other methods, aiming to empirically analyze how the depth of FTAs influences a country’s participation in AGVC and the mechanisms involved.ResultsThe findings indicate that an increase in FTA depth enhances a country’s degree of participation and position within the AGVC. Both the ‘WTO+’ and ‘WTO-X’ provision depth indices exert a significant positive influence on increasing participation and position within the AGVC, with the ‘WTO-X’ provision depth index demonstrating a more pronounced effect than the ‘WTO+’ provision. Furthermore, the positive effects of increased FTA depth on the integration of developed countries into the AGVC are greater than those on developing countries. Additional analysis reveals that FTA depth promotes trade liberalization and investment facilitation, thereby enhancing countries’ participation and position in the AGVC.DiscussionThe findings of this paper provide reliable empirical evidence for understanding the influence of FTA depth on AGVC and offer valuable policy insights for countries actively pursuing deeper FTAs.Policy recommendationsTo further advance the evolution of AGVC, it is recommended that countries actively promote the signing of deeper FTAs to accelerate trade liberalization and investment facilitation. At the same time, developed countries should strengthen agricultural technology research and development, assisting developing countries through technology transfer to jointly build a sustainable GVC; developing countries should enhance agricultural cooperation and improve their negotiating power in FTA discussions.
Accidental intra-arterial injection of enoxaparin sodium leading to abdominal wall expanding subcutaneous hematoma and abdominal wound: case report-vascular
Authors: Howell Caroline , Simman Richard 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionEnoxaparin sodium (Lovenox®) is a commonly used anticoagulant medication that is self-administered via subcutaneous injection to prevent the formation of pathologic blood clots. It is used as a bridge to long-term anticoagulation with warfarin in patients at high risk for thromboembolic events. It is generally well-tolerated and has a favorable safety profile. The most common injection site reactions caused by enoxaparin sodium are urticaria, ecchymosis, and skin and fat necrosis.Case ReportA 56 year-old female with extensive thromboembolic history was completing an enoxaparin sodium bridge to warfarin when she accidentally self-injected enoxaparin sodium into the left superficial epigastric artery, resulting in the formation of a large expanding hematoma and the development of hemorrhagic shock. Controlling the bleeding required reversal of anticoagulation, transfusion, and coil embolization of the affected arteries. Surgical evacuation of the hematoma was performed, and the resultant wound was managed postoperatively with negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for one month. After discontinuation of NPWT, the wound was allowed to heal by secondary intention using dressing changes.ConclusionsThe findings of this case report suggest that NPWT followed by conventional dressings can be used to close and heal the wound created by surgical hematoma evacuation.