bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a pharmacological imaging challenge using 11C-buprenorphine and 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography to study the effects of buprenorphine to the rat brain
Authors: Soyer Amélie , Leterrier Sarah , Breuil Louise , Goislard Maud , Leroy Claire , Saba Wadad , Thibault Karine , Bo Gregory Dal , Bottlaender Michel , Caillé Fabien , Goutal Sébastien , Tournier Nicolas 
Published: May 2023

AimBuprenorphine mainly acts as an agonist of mu-opioid receptors (mu-OR). High dose buprenorphine does not cause respiratory depression and can be safely administered to elicit typical opioid effects and explore pharmacodynamics. Acute buprenorphine, associated with functional and quantitative neuroimaging, may therefore provide a fully translational pharmacological challenge to explore the variability of response to opioids in vivo. We hypothesized that the CNS effects of acute buprenorphine could be monitored through changes in regional brain glucose metabolism, assessed using 18F-FDG microPET in rats.Materials and methodsFirst, level of receptor occupancy associated with a single dose of buprenorphine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c) was investigated through blocking experiments using 11C-buprenorphine PET imaging. Behavioral study using the elevated plus-maze test (EPM) was performed to assess the impact of the selected dose on anxiety and also locomotor activity. Then, brain PET imaging using 18F-FDG was performed 30 min after injection of unlabeled buprenorphine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c) vs. saline. Two different 18F-FDG PET acquisition paradigms were compared: (i) 18F-FDG injected i.v. under anesthesia and (ii) 18F-FDG injected i.p. in awake animals to limit the impact of anesthesia.ResultsThe selected dose of buprenorphine fully blocked the binding of 11C-buprenorphine in brain regions, suggesting complete receptor occupancy. This dose had no significant impact on behavioral tests used, regardless of the anesthetized/awake handling paradigm. In anesthetized rats, injection of unlabeled buprenorphine decreased the brain uptake of 18F-FDG in most brain regions except in the cerebellum which could be used as a normalization region. Buprenorphine treatment significantly decreased the normalized brain uptake of 18F-FDG in the thalamus, striatum and midbrain (p &lt; 0.05), where binding of 11C-buprenorphine was the highest. The awake paradigm did not improve sensitivity and impact of buprenorphine on brain glucose metabolism could not be reliably estimated.ConclusionBuprenorphine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c) combined with 18F-FDG brain PET in isoflurane anesthetized rats provides a simple pharmacological imaging challenge to investigate the CNS effects of full receptor occupancy by this partial mu-OR agonist. Sensitivity of the method was not improved in awake animals. This strategy may be useful to investigate de desensitization of mu-OR associated with opioid tolerance in vivo.
Identification of biomarkers differentiating Alzheimer’s disease from other neurodegenerative diseases by integrated bioinformatic analysis and machine-learning strategies
Authors: Jin Boru , Fei Guoqiang , Sang Shaoming , Zhong Chunjiu 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, imposing huge mental and economic burdens on patients and society. The specific molecular pathway(s) and biomarker(s) that distinguish AD from other neurodegenerative diseases and reflect the disease progression are still not well studied.MethodsFour frontal cortical datasets of AD were integrated to conduct differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional gene enrichment analyses. The transcriptional changes after the integrated frontal cortical datasets subtracting the cerebellar dataset of AD were further compared with frontal cortical datasets of frontotemporal dementia and Huntingdon’s disease to identify AD-frontal-associated gene expression. Integrated bioinformatic analysis and machine-learning strategies were applied for screening and determining diagnostic biomarkers, which were further validated in another two frontal cortical datasets of AD by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsSix hundred and twenty-six DEGs were identified as AD frontal associated, including 580 downregulated genes and 46 upregulated genes. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that immune response and oxidative stress were enriched in AD patients. Decorin (DCN) and regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) were screened as diagnostic biomarkers in distinguishing AD from frontotemporal dementia and Huntingdon’s disease of AD. The diagnostic effects of DCN and RGS1 for AD were further validated in another two datasets of AD: the areas under the curve (AUCs) reached 0.8148 and 0.8262 in GSE33000, and 0.8595 and 0.8675 in GSE44770. There was a better value for AD diagnosis when combining performances of DCN and RGS1 with the AUCs of 0.863 and 0.869. Further, DCN mRNA level was correlated to CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating scale) score (r = 0.5066, p = 0.0058) and Braak staging (r = 0.3348, p = 0.0549).ConclusionDCN and RGS1 associated with the immune response may be useful biomarkers for diagnosing AD and distinguishing the disease from frontotemporal dementia and Huntingdon’s disease. DCN mRNA level reflects the development of the disease.
The prognostic value of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in predicting pathological upgrading of newly diagnosed prostate cancer from systematic biopsy to radical prostatectomy
Authors: Zheng Anqi , Wang Zhuonan , Luo Liang , Chang Ruxi , Gao Jungang , Wang Bo , Duan Xiaoyi 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate predictors for upgrading of newly diagnosed prostate cancer from systematic biopsy (SB) to radical prostatectomy (RP) using fluorine-18 prostate-specific membrane antigen 1007 (18F-PSMA-1007) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and association with clinical parameters.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively collected data from biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer (PCa) patients who underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT prior to RP from July 2019 and October 2022. Imaging characteristics derived from 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and clinical parameters were compared in patients of pathological upgrading and concordance subgroups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to analyze factors predicting histopathological upgrading from SB to RP specimens. Discrimination ability of independent predictors was further evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with corresponding area under the curve (AUC).ResultsPathological upgrading occurred in 26.97% (41/152) PCa patients, and 23.03% (35/152) of all patients experienced pathological downgrading. Concordance rate reached 50% (76/152). International Society of Urological Pathology grade group (ISUP GG) 1(77.78%) and ISUP GG 2 (65.22%) biopsies were related with the highest rate of upgrading. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that prostate volume (OR= 0.933; 95% CI, 0.887–0.982; p = 0.008), ISUP GG 1 vs. 4 (OR= 13.856; 95% CI: 2.467–77.831; p = 0.003), and total uptake of PSMA-avid lesions (PSMA-TL) (OR = 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000–1.006; p = 0.029) were found to be independent risk factors of pathological upgrading after RP. The AUCs and corresponding sensitivity and specificity of the independent predictors of synthesis for upgrading were 0.839, 78.00%, and 83.30% respectively, which showed good discrimination capacity.Conclusion18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT may help to predict pathological upgrading between biopsy and RP specimens, particularly for ISUP GG 1 and ISUP GG 2 patients with higher PSMA-TL and smaller prostate volume.
Global trends and hotspots on childhood obstructive sleep apnea: a 10-year bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wang Chao , Sun Kai , Zhang Siyao , Hu Huiying , Lu Yuanyuan , Liu Kai , Yu Zhenkun 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is children's most common sleep-related breathing disorder. It may develop a wide range of severe complications if not diagnosed promptly and treated effectively. However, Childhood OSA has not specifically been analyzed using a bibliometric approach.MethodsWe respectively collected the research results of childhood OSA from 2013 to 2022 through Web of Science and PubMed. Vosviewer, CiteSpace, and bibliometric online analysis platforms were used for visualizing and analyzing the literature. The MeSH terms were bi-clustered using the Bibliographic Item co-occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB) and graph clustering toolkit (gCLUTO) to identify the hotspots.Results4022 publications were finally identified on childhood OSA from 2013 to 2022. The United States has the largest number of publications (1902), accounting for 47.29%. University of Cincinnati is the most productive organization (196), followed by the University of Pennsylvania (151). The most prolific journal was the International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, with 311 documents published. In comparison, Pediatrics is the most cited journal (6936). Gozal D ranked highest among all authors in publication (192). Burst detection shows continuous positive airway pressure, Robin sequence, and nocturnal oximetry are recent keywords of great interest to researchers. Five hotspots were identified by co-word biclustering.ConclusionResearch over the past ten years has been fruitful, establishing the foundation for childhood OSA. Clusters (0-4) of high-frequency Major Mesh topics have attracted extensive attention. Evaluation and treatment methods of childhood OSA remain major focuses. We believe this article will provide other researchers with new directions and may contribute to a future breakthrough in this field.
Prevalence, risk factors, and vaccine effectiveness of COVID-19 infection in thai children, adolescents, and young adults in the omicron era
Authors: Chaiyakulsil Chanapai , Sritipsukho Paskorn , Satdhabudha Araya , Bunjoungmanee Pornumpa , Tangsathapornpong Auchara , Sinlapamongkolkul Phakatip , Sritipsukho Naiyana 
Published: May 2023

Background and objectivesThe study of prevalence, risk factors, and vaccine effectiveness (VE) in children, adolescents, and young adults during the Omicron era has been limited, making this the objectives of the study.MethodsA prospective, test-negative case-control study was conducted on patients aged 0–24 years old classified as patients under investigation (PUI) from January to May 2022. PUI with positive RT-PCR within 14 days were classified as cases, whilst PUI with negative RT-PCR in 14 days were controls. Univariate and multivariate analyses determined risk factors; VE was calculated using [1-adjusted odds ratio (OR)] × 100.ResultsThe final analyses included 3,490 patients with a PUI infection rate of 45.6%. Heterologous vaccination regimens, including inactivated vaccines, viral vectors, and mRNA were utilized during the study period. A total of 2,563 patients (73.5%) had received at least 2 vaccine doses, regardless of regimen. Male gender and household infections were independent risk factors for the development of infection, with an adjusted OR of 1.55 and 1.45, respectively. Underlying comorbidities and obesity were not significantly associated with the development of infection. Patients with underlying comorbidities were more likely to have at least moderate severity of infection with the adjusted OR of 3.07. Age older than 11 years was associated with lower infection risk and development of at least moderate infection with adjusted OR of 0.4 and 0.34, respectively. Vaccinated participants also had a lower risk of developing at least moderate infection: adjusted OR of 0.40. The adjusted VE of any vaccination regimen for infection prevention for one, two, three, or more than four doses was 21.8%, 30.6%, 53.5%, and 81.2%, respectively. The adjusted VE of any vaccination regimen for prevention of at least moderate severity of the disease for one, two, three, or more than four doses was 5.7%, 24.3% 62.9%, and 90.6%, respectively.ConclusionDisease prevalence among PUI was substantially high during the Omicron wave. A two-dose vaccination regimen does not appear sufficient to ensure protection against infection.
Buyang Huanwu Decoction alleviates cerebral ischemic injury through modulating caveolin-1-mediated mitochondrial quality control
Authors: Xu Yaqian , Chen Bowei , Yi Jian , Tian Fengming , Liu Yingfei , Ouyang Yin , Yuan Chunyun , Liu Baiyan 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is an important mechanism of neural repair after cerebral ischemia (CI). Recent studies have shown that caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important signaling molecule in the process of CI injury, but its mechanism of regulating MQC after CI is still unclear. Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula that is often used to treat CI. Unfortunately, its mechanism of action is still obscure.Methods: In this study, we tested the hypothesis that BHD can regulate MQC through Cav-1 and exert an anti-cerebral ischemia injury effect. We used Cav-1 knockout mice and their homologous wild-type mice, replicated middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and BHD intervention. Neurobehavioral scores and pathological detection were used to evaluate neurological function and neuron damage, transmission electron microscopy and enzymology detection of mitochondrial damage. Finally, western blot and RT-qPCR expression of MQC-related molecules were tested.Results: After CI, mice showed neurologic impairment, neuronal damage, and significant destruction of mitochondrial morphology and function, and MQC was imbalanced. Cav-1 deletion aggravated the damage to neurological function, neurons, mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial function after CI, aggravated the imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics, and inhibited mitophagy and biosynthesis. BHD can maintain MQC homeostasis after CI through Cav-1 and improve CI injury.Discussion: Cav-1 can affect CI injury by regulating MQC, and this mechanism may be another target of BHD for anti-cerebral ischemia injury.
Effects of exercise of different intensities on withdrawal symptoms among people with substance use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Hao , Su Wantang , Cai Jiajia , Zhao Li , Li Yan 
Published: May 2023

Background: Exercise can effectively attenuate withdrawal symptoms and reduce relapse, but it is unknown whether exercise of different intensities produces different results. This study aimed to systematically review the effects of different exercise intensities on withdrawal symptoms among people with substance use disorder (SUD).Methods: Systematic searches for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on exercise, SUD, and abstinence symptoms were conducted via electronic databases, including PubMed, up to June 2022. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0) for assessment of risk of bias in randomized trials. The meta-analysis was performed by calculating the standard mean difference (SMD) in outcomes of interventions involving light-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise for each individual study using Review Manager version 5.3 (RevMan 5.3).Results: In total, 22 RCTs (n = 1,537) were included. Overall, exercise interventions had significant effects on withdrawal symptoms, but the effect size varied with exercise intensity and by outcome measure (i.e., for different negative emotions). Light-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise reduced cravings after the intervention [SMD = −0.71, 95% CI = (−0.90, −0.52)], and there were no statistical differences between the subgroups (p &gt; 0.05). Light-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise reduced depression after the intervention [light, SMD = −0.33, 95% CI = (−0.57, −0.09); moderate, SMD = −0.64, 95% CI = (−0.85, −0.42); high, SMD = −0.25, 95% CI = (−0.44, −0.05)], with moderate-intensity exercise producing the best effect (p &lt; 0.05). Only light- and moderate-intensity exercise relieved anxiety after the intervention [light, SMD = −0.48, 95% CI = (−0.71, −0.26); moderate, SMD = −0.58, 95% CI = (−0.85, −0.31)]. Only high-intensity exercise worked in alleviating stress [SMD = −1.13, 95% CI = (−2.22, −0.04)]. Both irritability and restlessness could be improved by light- and moderate-intensity exercise [irritability, SMD = −0.74, 95% CI = (−0.98, −0.50); restless, SMD = −0.72, 95% CI = (−0.98, −0.47)], and there were no statistical differences between the subgroups (p &gt; 0.05). Moderate- and high-intensity exercise decreased withdrawal syndrome after the intervention [moderate, SMD = −0.30, 95% CI = (−0.55, −0.05); high, SMD = −1.33, 95% CI = (−1.90, −0.76)], with high-intensity exercise producing the best effects (p &lt; 0.01).Conclusion: Overall, exercise leads to improvements in withdrawal symptoms in individuals with SUD, but these effects vary significantly between the exercise of different intensities and according to the type of withdrawal symptoms. Moderate-intensity exercise has the greatest benefits in improving depression and anxiety; high-intensity exercise has the greatest benefits in improving withdrawal syndrome.Systematic Review Registration:www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier, CRD42022343791
Performance of testers with contrasting provitamin A content to evaluate provitamin A maize for resistance to Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production
Authors: Mboup M. , Aduramigba-Modupe A.O. , Maazou A.-R. S. , Olasanmi B. , Mengesha W. , Meseka S. , Dieng I. , Bandyopadhyay R. , Menkir A. , Ortega-Beltran A. 
Published: May 2023

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), millions of people depend on maize as a primary staple. However, maize consumers in SSA may be exposed to malnutrition due to vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and unsafe aflatoxin levels, which can lead to serious economic and public health problems. Provitamin A (PVA) biofortified maize has been developed to alleviate VAD and may have additional benefits such as reduced aflatoxin contamination. In this study, maize inbred testers with contrasting PVA content in grain were used to identify inbred lines with desirable combining ability for breeding to enhance their level of resistance to aflatoxin. Kernels of 120 PVA hybrids generated by crossing 60 PVA inbreds with varying levels of PVA (5.4 to 51.7 µg/g) and two testers (low and high PVA, 14.4 and 25.0 µg/g, respectively) were inoculated with a highly toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxin had a negative genetic correlation with β-carotene (r = −0.29, p &lt; 0.0001) and PVA (r = −0.23, p &lt; 0.0001), indicating that hybrids with high PVA content accumulated less aflatoxin than those with low to medium PVA. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects of lines and testers were significant for aflatoxin accumulation, number of spores, PVA, and other carotenoids, with additive gene actions playing a prominent role in regulating the mode of inheritance (GCA/SCA ratio &gt;0.5). Eight inbreds had combined significant negative GCA effects for aflatoxin accumulation and spore count with significant positive GCA effects for PVA. Five testcrosses had combined significant negative SCA effects for aflatoxin with significant positive SCA effects for PVA. The high PVA tester had significant negative GCA effects for aflatoxin, lutein, β-carotene, and PVA. The study identified lines that can be used as parents to develop superior hybrids with high PVA and reduced aflatoxin accumulation. Overall, the results point out the importance of testers in maize breeding programs to develop materials that can contribute to controlling aflatoxin contamination and reducing VAD.
Toward a new model of human resource management practices: construction and validation of the High Wellbeing and Performance Work System Scale
Authors: Parent-Lamarche Annick , Dextras-Gauthier Julie , Julien Anne-Sophie 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe integrated mutual gains model suggests five provisional sets of human resource management (HRM) practices that should benefit both employees and organizations and, as such, be explicitly designed to have a positive impact on wellbeing, which, in turn, can affect performance.MethodsAn extensive review of the literature on scales that used a high-performance work system to assess HRM practices, as well as an extraction of items related to the theoretical dimensions of the integrated mutual gains model, were performed. Based on these preliminary steps, an initial scale with the 66 items found most relevant in the literature was developed and assessed regarding its factorial structure, internal consistency, and reliability over a two-week period.ResultsExploratory factorial analysis following test -retest resulted in a 42-item scale for measuring 11 HRM practices. Confirmatory factor analyses resulted in a 36-item instrument for measuring 10 HRM practices and showed adequate validity and reliability.DiscussionEven though the five provisional sets of practices were not validated, the practices that emerged from them were assembled into alternative sets of practices. These sets of practices reflect HRM activities that are considered conducive to employees’ wellbeing and, consequently, their job performance. Consequently, the “High Wellbeing and Performance Work System Scale” was created. Nonetheless, future research is necessary to evaluate the predictive capacity of this new scale.
Psychological impacts of intervention to improve a therapeutic garden for older adults with dementia: a case study conducted at a care facility
Authors: Meneghetti Chiara , Murroni Veronica , Borella Erika , Melendugno Andrea , Carbone Elena , Goldin Giulia , Cavalli Raffaele , Basso Andrea , Pazzaglia Francesca 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionExposure to nature is known to support psychological wellbeing, and can support People with Dementia (PwD). Here we describe a case study conducted at a care facility for PwD to examine the effect of their exposure to nature after intervention to renovate an existing Therapeutic Garden (TG). Changes in frequency of attendance and behavior in the TG were examined. A single case was also considered to assess individual benefits.Materials and methodsTwenty-one PwD participated in the study. Their behavior in the TG was observed for 4 weeks before and after the intervention (using behavioral mapping), and measures of individual characteristics (general cognitive functioning, behavioral/neuropsychiatric symptoms, depression, and quality of life) were administered.ResultsTen of the 21 PwD visited the TG more often after the intervention, their social behaviors (e.g., talking to others) increased, and their active isolated behavior in the garden (e.g., smelling, touching flowers) tended to increase. The increase in social behavior related to less severe baseline depressive symptoms. Passive isolated behaviors related to more impaired baseline cognitive functioning. The case of Mrs. A extended the findings for the whole sample: although her dementia symptoms (apathy, motor disturbances) worsened, she visited the TG more often after the intervention, her social exchanges and active isolated actions increased, and her agitation and wandering decreased.DiscussionThese results support the benefits of exposure to nature for PwD, and underscore the importance of considering users’ profiles to optimize their use of a TG.