bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induced polarization of clay-rich materials — Part 1: The effect of desiccation
Authors: Revil André , Ghorbani Ahmad , Jougnot Damien , Yven Béatrice 
Published: March 2023

A petrophysical model describing spectral induced polarization (IP) has been developed for clay rocks accounting for the Maxwell-Wagner polarization. It is also used to connect the complex conductivity to the relative permeability of the material. This model is applied to the Callovo-Oxfordian clay rock of the Paris Basin (France) where the Meuse/Haute-Marne Underground Research Laboratory is located. Laboratory experiments are performed using eight clay-rock cores to study the effect of desiccation on their spectral-IP response. The measurements are performed along the foliation plane. Complex conductivity spectra are measured over a frequency range of 1 mHz to 45 kHz. These spectra are fitted with a double Cole-Cole model to extract the evolution of the Cole-Cole parameters with the saturation during the desiccation process. The low-frequency Cole-Cole model corresponds to IP phenomena, whereas the high-frequency Cole-Cole model corresponds to the Maxwell-Wagner contribution. We obtain the value of the first and second Archie’s exponents and we check the relationship between the surface conductivity and the cation exchange capacity of the clay rocks. We are also able to connect the relative permeability curve to the second (saturation) Archie’s exponent. The monitoring of the complex conductivity can be used to predict how the permeability of the clay-rock formation changes with the water content.
Amplitude variation with incidence and azimuth stepwise inversion with coherence-attribute constraints for anisotropic parameters
Authors: Ji Lixiang , Zong Zhaoyun , Luo Kun 
Published: March 2023

With the development of 5D (3D + offset + azimuth) seismic technology, the stable acquisition of anisotropy information from wide-azimuth seismic data has become a key scientific problem in the seismic inversion of fractured reservoirs. The amplitude variation with incidence and azimuth (AVAZ) inversion method using wide-azimuth seismic data is an effective way to predict the anisotropic information of the subsurface medium. However, the conventional AVAZ inversion method suffers from too many parameters to be estimated, large variation in contribution, and inversion instability. Therefore, an AVAZ inversion method with coherence-attribute constraints is developed to solve the problem of unstable inversion of anisotropic parameters. First, we use seismic coherence attributes to build a fracture-probability-distribution model containing anisotropic information of the subsurface medium, which can be used to simulate large-scale subsurface fractures and faults. Then, it is added to the objective function as an anisotropic information constraint to improve the reliability and stability of the anisotropic inversion. Furthermore, an AVAZ inversion method in a Bayesian framework is implemented by using wide-azimuth seismic data. Gaussian distribution and a smoothing background model are added to the objective function to improve the reasonableness and stability of the inversion. In addition, we develop a stepwise optimization inversion method for isotropic and anisotropic parameters, prioritizing the inversion of parameters that contribute significantly to the reflection coefficient, and then using the results of the previous inversion as the initial values for the next inversion step to achieve multiparameter inversion. This method can reduce the number of the estimated parameters and thus improve the stability of the inversion of the anisotropic parameters. Field data examples indicate that this method produces suitable inversion results even at moderate levels of noise. Therefore, we can conclude that the proposed method has good applicability and stability in predicting the anisotropy parameters of fractured shale reservoirs.
Signaling Pathways of the Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins
Authors: Baxter Robert C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The 6 high-affinity insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are multifunctional proteins that modulate cell signaling through multiple pathways. Their canonical function at the cellular level is to impede access of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF-2 to their principal receptor IGF1R, but IGFBPs can also inhibit, or sometimes enhance, IGF1R signaling either through their own post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation or limited proteolysis, or by their interactions with other regulatory proteins. Beyond the regulation of IGF1R activity, IGFBPs have been shown to modulate cell survival, migration, metabolism, and other functions through mechanisms that do not appear to involve the IGF-IGF1R system. This is achieved by interacting directly or functionally with integrins, transforming growth factor β family receptors, and other cell-surface proteins as well as intracellular ligands that are intermediates in a wide range of pathways. Within the nucleus, IGFBPs can regulate the diverse range of functions of class II nuclear hormone receptors and have roles in both cell senescence and DNA damage repair by the nonhomologous end-joining pathway, thus potentially modifying the efficacy of certain cancer therapeutics. They also modulate some immune functions and may have a role in autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. IGFBPs have been proposed as attractive therapeutic targets, but their ubiquity in the circulation and at the cellular level raises many challenges. By understanding the diversity of regulatory pathways with which IGFBPs interact, there may still be therapeutic opportunities based on modulation of IGFBP-dependent signaling.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine supplementation alleviates damaged intestinal epithelium and inflammatory infiltration caused by Mat2a deficiency
Authors: Li Miao-Lin , Cao Si-Yi , Qu Jia , Zhang Lei , Gao Qiang , Wang Xu , Yin Miao , Liu Ying , Lei Ming-Zhu , Lei Qun-Ying 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Methionine is important for intestinal development and homeostasis in various organisms. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the methionine adenosyltransferase gene Mat2a is essential for intestinal development and that the metabolite S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) plays an important role in intestinal homeostasis. Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific knockout of Mat2a exhibits impaired intestinal development and neonatal lethality. Mat2a deletion in the adult intestine reduces cell proliferation and triggers IEC apoptosis, leading to severe intestinal epithelial atrophy and intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, we reveal that SAM maintains the integrity of differentiated epithelium and protects IECs from apoptosis by suppressing the expression of caspases 3 and 8 and their activation. SAM supplementation improves the defective intestinal epithelium and reduces inflammatory infiltration sequentially. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that methionine metabolism and its intermediate metabolite SAM play essential roles in intestinal development and homeostasis in mice.
Epidemiology and clinical spectrum of pediatric patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: A 15 years’ experience
Authors: Haider Nighat , Bashir Naila , Farooq Ana , Hussain Mulazim 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To view the different patterns of presentation of HIV in pediatric population along with mode of transmission and associated co infections and co morbidities
Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, in which we evaluated the records of pediatric patients diagnosed with HIV from 2005 to 2020. All the data like age, gender, area, presenting complaints, examination findings at the time of diagnosis, mode of transmission, co infection and co morbidities were recorded. Descriptive analysis was done to calculate frequencies and means of the variables. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis.
Results: Ninety four participants were evaluated with male to female ratio as 1.8:1 and mean age of 5.2 years. Majority of patients (44%) were below 4 years. Fever (55%) was the most reported symptom followed by cough (39%), diarrhoea (29%), pallor (27%), shortness of breath (26%), weight loss (23%) and failure to thrive (22%). Co infection with TB was present in (16%). Eight (9%) patients were thalassaemic. Mother to child transmission (60%) was the commonest mode of transmission followed by blood transfusion (23%) and parenteral transmission (6%).
Conclusion: In children HIV is more prevalent in males especially under 4 years with fever, cough, diarrhea and pallor being the common symptoms at presentation. Tuberculosis is the commonest co infection as we are endemic for TB and mother to child transmission is the commonest mode of transmission as there was no outbreak in our area.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.6710
How to cite this: Bashir N, Haider N, Farooq A, Hussain M. Epidemiology and clinical spectrum of pediatric patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: A 15 years’ experience. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):820-824. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.6710
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Risk of lowering mortality from the improvement of inflammatory markers and disease progression among moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients using anticoagulant : a cross-sectional study from two second referral hospitals in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Romadhon Pradana Zaky , Bintoro Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho , Suryantoro Satriyo Dwi , Asmarawati Tri Pudy , Nur Rosyid Alfian , Savitri Merlyna , Amrita Putu Niken Ayu , Diansyah Muhammad Noor , Prayoga Ami Ashariati , Windradi Choirina , Mahdi Bagus Aulia , Widiyastuti Krisnina Nurul , Novendrianto Dwiki , Agustin Esthiningrum Dewi , Alkaff Firas Farisi , Prahasanti Kartika , Dewanto Didi Darmahadi 
Published: March 2023

Background: To date, coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) has no definitive treatment. Thrombosis and hypercoagulation may occur in the advanced stage. Further study on how to use anticoagulants is still required to promote the best prognosis. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 110 moderate, 140 severe, and 81 critical patients receiving unfractioned heparin (UFH), low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), and fondaparinux was conducted. Data were collected from March 15th to August 31st 2020 at Universitas Airlangga and Husada Utama Hospital. A comparative study of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), c-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), D-dimer, all-cause mortality rate, length of stay, and days of death among three severities of COVID-19 was done. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine the correlation between inflammatory state after anti-coagulant with patients’ mortality. Results: Two deaths occurred in moderate cases, 36 deaths in severe cases, and 70 deaths in critical cases on ventilators. On day 13, moderate and severe groups showed decreased WBC, neutrophils, NLR, CRP, and D-dimer (p < 0.05). NLR, CRP, and D-dimer (p<0.05) in critically ill and ventilated patients decreased. Day-13 evaluation revealed 32.73% decrease of inflammatory markers in moderate group; 32.86% in severe patients; and 16.05% in critically ill, ventilated patients. A significant correlation between day 13 inflammatory status with mortality was seen in moderate and critical cases with a ventilator (r=0.337; p< 0.05 and r=0.25; p 0.05). Inflammatory profile on day 6 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.36; p < 0.05) and day 13 ([aOR] = 4.15; p < 0.05) was associated with patients’ mortality. Conclusions: Anticoagulants in COVID-19 patients lower inflammation markers. Evaluating inflammatory status is essential to predict the mortality. Inflammatory markers on day 13, based on the severity of COVID-19 and comorbidities, were associated with mortality in moderate and critical cases.
Prevalence and natural history of depression after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Liu Lu , Xu Min , Marshall Iain J. , Wolfe Charles DA , Wang Yanzhong , O’Connell Matthew DL 
Published: March 2023

Background
Depression is the most frequent psychiatric condition after stroke and is associated with negative health outcomes. We aim to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and natural history of depression after stroke.

Methods and findings
Studies published up to 4 November 2022 on Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched. We included studies of adults with stroke, where depression was assessed at a prespecified time point. Studies excluding people with aphasia and history of depression are excluded. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme(CASP) cohort study tool was used to assess risk of bias. A total of 77 studies were included in the pooled estimates of the prevalence of poststroke depression (PSD). The overall prevalence of depression was 27% (95% CI 25 to 30). Prevalence of depression was 24% (95% CI 21 to 28) by clinical interview and 29% (95% CI 25 to 32) by rating scales. Twenty-four studies with more than one assessment time point reported the natural history of PSD. Among people who were depressed within 3 months of stroke, 53% (95% CI 47 to 59) experienced persistent depression, while 44% (95% CI 38 to 50) recovered. The incidence of later depression (3 to 12 months after stroke) was 9% (95% CI 7 to 12). The cumulative incidence during 1 year after stroke was 38% (95% CI 33 to 43), and the majority (71% (95% CI 65 to 76)) of depression had onset within 3 months after stroke. The main limitation of the present study is that excluding people in source studies with severe impairments may produce imprecise estimates of the prevalence of PSD.

Conclusions
In this study, we observed that stroke survivors with early-onset depression (within 3 months after stroke) are at high risks for remaining depressed and make up two-thirds of the incident cases during 1 year after stroke. This highlights the need for ongoing clinical monitoring of patients depressed shortly after stroke.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42022314146.
Transcultural adaptation and assessment of psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Scale for the Evaluation of Staff-Patient Interactions in Progress Notes
Authors: Pérez-Toribio Alonso , Moreno-Poyato Antonio R. , Lluch-Canut María Teresa , Nash Michael , Cañabate-Ros Montserrat , Myklebust Kjellaug K. , Bjørkly Stål , Puig-Llobet Montserrat , Roldán-Merino Juan F. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
To adapt the Scale for the Evaluation of Staff Patient Interactions in Progress Notes to Spanish and to test the psychometric properties.

Design and methods
The study was conducted in two phases: (1) Adaptation of the instrument to Spanish following the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. (2) Psychometric study in a sample of mental health nurses.

Findings
The Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.97 for the total scale and 0.83 to 0.81 for each dimension. The inter-rater reliability values were between 0.94 and 0.97.

Practice implications
The scale is a reliable tool for assessing nurses’ clinical notes in relation to the quality of nurse-patient interactions.
Approaches to Studying Collective Behavior Models in Competitive Markets: Peculiarities and Insights
Authors: Algazina Yu.G. , Algazina D.G. 
Published: March 2023

The paper addresses the problem of achieving Nash equilibrium in an oligopoly market where common knowledge is absent. It explores two approaches to study the convergence conditions of the dynamics in a linear oligopoly model with any number of Cournot or Stackelberg reflexive agents.
The first approach utilizes indicator functions to guide agents in adjusting their outputs to reach the optimum under existing competitors' outputs. The second approach uses norms of transition matrices from iteration to iteration in the computational process. The paper presents the authors' research results, including necessary mathematical lemmas and statements, and computational experiments with the models.
The paper emphasizes several important features of the approaches, such as the conditions for individual agent choices that ensure the convergence to equilibrium of collective behavior dynamics for duopoly and any number of agents in the market, the convergence criteria of the dynamics, and the calculation of indicator functions and norms of transition matrices.
Simulation of Varicella Zoster Virus Spread Process
Authors: Kozlov D.Yu. , Kulshin A.V. , Передельская Екатерина Александровна , Safyanova T.V. , Khvorova L.A. 
Published: March 2023

The article focuses on the development and implementation of a simulation model that predicts the spread of chickenpox in a population. It addresses issues related to strategic planning and management of vaccination against the Varicella Zoster virus, with a specific focus on the Altai Krai. The article presents the results of economic efficiency calculations for a single vaccination program targeting 6-year-old children.
The simulation model utilizes a computational algorithm to predict the dynamics of the spread of chickenpox. The study examines various types of vaccination programs for children and compares the simulation results with real medical data from the Altai Krai. Statistical data on the incidence of chickenpox is used to inform the model.
The study identifies optimal vaccination parameters and strategies for the Altai Krai through testing the simulation model. The model is implemented using Python programming language and graphically visualizes the virus's spread for different types of vaccination programs and in the absence of vaccination.
A non-geodesic analogue of Reshetnyak’s majorization theorem
Authors: Toyoda Tetsu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For any real number

κ

\kappa

and any integer

n
≥
4

n\ge 4

, the

Cycl

n

(

κ

)

{{\rm{Cycl}}}_{n}\left(\kappa )

condition introduced by Gromov (CAT(κ)-spaces: construction and concentration, Zap. Nauchn. Sem. S.-Peterburg. Otdel. Mat. Inst. Steklov. (POMI) 280 (2001), (Geom. i Topol. 7), 100–140, 299–300) is a necessary condition for a metric space to admit an isometric embedding into a

CAT

(

κ

)

{\rm{CAT}}\left(\kappa )

space. For geodesic metric spaces, satisfying the

Cycl

4

(

κ

)

{{\rm{Cycl}}}_{4}\left(\kappa )

condition is equivalent to being

CAT

(

κ

)

{\rm{CAT}}\left(\kappa )

. In this article, we prove an analogue of Reshetnyak’s majorization theorem for (possibly non-geodesic) metric spaces that satisfy the

Cycl

4

(

κ

)

{{\rm{Cycl}}}_{4}\left(\kappa )

condition. It follows from our result that for general metric spaces, the

Cycl

4

(

κ

)

{{\rm{Cycl}}}_{4}\left(\kappa )

condition implies the

Cycl

n

(

κ

)

{{\rm{Cycl}}}_{n}\left(\kappa )

conditions for all integers

n
≥
5

n\ge 5

.
Seeing the wood for the trees: predictive margins for random forests
Authors: Sönning Lukas , Grafmiller Jason 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Classification trees and random forests offer a number of attractive features to corpus data analysts. However, the way in which these models are typically reported – a decision tree and/or set of variable importance scores – offers insufficient information if interest centers on the (form of) relationship between (multiple) predictors and the outcome. This paper develops predictive margins as an interpretative approach to ensemble techniques such as random forests. These are model summaries in the form of adjusted predictions, which provide a clearer picture of patterns in the data and allow us to query a model on potential nonlinear associations and interactions among predictor variables. The present paper outlines the general strategy for forming predictive margins and addresses methodological issues from an explicitly (corpus) linguistic perspective. For illustration, we use data on the English genitive alternation and provide an R package and code for their implementation.
Guaranteed Lower Eigenvalue Bounds for Steklov Operators Using Conforming Finite Element Methods
Authors: Nakano Taiga , Li Qin , Yue Meiling , Liu Xuefeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For the eigenvalue problem of the Steklov differential operator, an algorithm based on the conforming finite element method (FEM) is proposed to provide guaranteed lower bounds for the eigenvalues.
The proposed lower eigenvalue bounds utilize the a priori error estimation for FEM solutions to non-homogeneous Neumann boundary value problems,
which is obtained by constructing the hypercircle for the corresponding FEM spaces and boundary conditions.
Numerical examples demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed method.
The asymptotic behaviors of solutions for higher-order (m
1, m
2)-coupled Kirchhoff models with nonlinear strong damping
Authors: Lv Penghui , Lin Guoguang , Lv Xiaojun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Kirchhoff model is derived from the vibration problem of stretchable strings. This article focuses on the long-time dynamics of a class of higher-order coupled Kirchhoff systems with nonlinear strong damping. The existence and uniqueness of the solutions of these equations in different spaces are proved by prior estimation and the Faedo-Galerkin method. Subsequently, the family of global attractors of these problems is proved using the compactness theorem. In this article, we systematically propose the definition and proof process of the family of global attractors and enrich the related conclusions of higher-order coupled Kirchhoff models. The conclusions lay a theoretical foundation for future practical applications.
On Busemann–Feller extensions of translation invariant density differentiation bases
Authors: Japaridze Irakli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is known that a translation invariant density differentiation basis B formed of convex sets and its Busemann–Feller extension

B
BF

{B_{\operatorname{BF}}}

have similar properties, in particular, the Busemann–Feller extension differentiates the same class of non-negative functions as the basis B. We prove the optimality of the convexity condition in this result.
Some new characterizations of EP elements, partial isometries and strongly EP elements in rings with involution
Authors: Hu Tangjie , Li Jiaqi , Wang Qiuyu , Wei Junchao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper mainly gives some sufficient and necessary conditions for an element in a ring to be

EP

{\mathrm{EP}}

, partial isometry and strongly

EP

{\mathrm{EP}}

by some equalities, using the solutions of certain equations and constructing the invertible elements in a ring.