bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDI KETERDAPATAN LOGAM MENGGUNAKAN METODE PANNING DI KALI JERNIH TIMIKA PAPUA
Authors: Putri Nilam Sry 
Published: May 2023

Tahap eksplorasi merupakan tahapan yang sangat penting sebelum kegiatan penambangan dilakukan guna menghindari kerugian yang akan dialami oleh pihak perusahaan ataupun investor. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetauhi potensi sebaran logam dan memahami karakteristik mineral logam di Kali Jernih. Lokasi penelitian terletak sungai kali jernih yang merupakan salah satu aliran sungai area Kecamatan Mimika Baru, Kabupaten Mimika, Provinsi Papua. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penyelidikan geokimia. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 3 tahapan. Tahap pertama yakni, observasi langsung dilapangan (Kali Jernih) yang dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode panning atau dulang. Peralatan yang digunakan selama observasi adalah, Global Position System (GPS), kompas geologi, sekop, dan dulang. Tahapan kedua yakni, penelitian laboratorium yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Geologi Pertambangan Politeknik Amamapare Timika. Tahapan ketiga yakni, pengolahan data interpretasi dari hasil analisis sampel. Pegambilan sampel dilakukan di delapan (8) stasiun dengan jarak ±10 meter. Dari hasil analisis laboratorium yang dilakukan terhadap 8 (delapan) sampel diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan keberadaan logam hanya terdapat pada stasiun 2. Karakter fisik dari logam yang ditemukan dilapangan adalah nampak mengkilap atau berkilau jika dilihat secara kasat mata.

Kata Kunci: eksplorasi, geokimia, panning, sebaran logam, kali jernih.

ABSTRACT
The exploration stage is a very important stage before mining activities are carried out in order to avoid losses that will be experienced by the company or investors. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of knowing the potential distribution of metals and understanding the characteristics of metallic minerals in Kali Jernih. The research location is located on the Kali Jernih, which is one of the rivers in the Mimika Baru District, Mimika Regency, Papua Province. The method used in this research is a geochemical investigation method. The research was conducted in 3 stages. The first stage is direct observation in the field (Kali Jernih) which is carried out by taking samples using the panning or pan method. The equipment used during the observations was the Global Position System (GPS), geological compass, shovel, and tray. The second stage is laboratory research conducted at the Mining Geology Laboratory of the Amamapare Polytechnic Timika. The third stage is processing the interpretation of data from the results of sample analysis. Sampling was carried out at eight (8) stations with a distance of ±10 meters. From the results of laboratory analysis conducted on 8 (eight) samples, the results showed that the presence of metal was only found at station 2. The physical characteristics of the metals found in the field were shiny or shiny when seen with the naked eye.
Keywords: exploration, geochemistry, panning, metal distribution, kali jernih.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KENDALI KIPAS OTOMATIS BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO PADA LABORATORIUM POLITEKNIK AMAMAPARE TIMIKA
Authors: Rombekila Aryani - 
Published: May 2023

Pemanasan global berhubungann dengan proses meningkatnya suhu rata-rata permukaan bumi. Peningkatan suhu permukaan bumi ini dihasilkan oleh adanya radiasi sinar matahari menuju ke atmosfer bumi, kemudian sebagian sinar ini berubah menjadi energi panas dalam bentuk sinar infra merah diserap oleh udara dan permukaan bumi. Internet of Things adalah salah satu kemajuan terbaru dalam Informasi dan komunikasi teknologi, menyediakan konektivitas global dan manajemen sensor, perangkat, pengguna dengan informasi. Jadi kombinasi IoT dan teknologi tertanam telah membantu dalam membawa solusi untuk banyak yang ada masalah praktis selama bertahun-tahun. Pada penelitian ini kipas angin dalam pengaktifannya akan dibuat secara otomatis yaitu dilengkapi dengan sensor DHT11 (Suhu & Sensor kelembaban) dan rangkaian komparator sebagai pembanding tegangan input IC Analog, yang kemudian di XOR kan dengan IC Digital. Kipas dapat bekerja secara otomatis sehingga dapat mempermudah manusia yang sebelumnya proses pengaktifan kipas dilakukan oleh manusia. Dan juga dapat lebih efisiensi dalam pemakaian energi karena kipas bekerja pada saat yang diperlukan saja.

Kata kunci: IC Digital, Kipas angin, DHT11, Arduino Uno, Suhu

ABSTRACT
Global warming is related to the process of increasing the average temperature of the earth's surface. This increase in the earth's surface temperature is produced by the presence of solar radiation into the earth's atmosphere, then some of this light turns into heat energy in the form of infrared rays which are absorbed by the air and the earth's surface. Internet of Things is one of the latest advances in Information and communication technology, providing global connectivity and management of sensors, devices, users with information. So the combination of IoT and embedded technology has helped in bringing solutions to many existing practical problems over the years. At the end of the research is the fan in the power on will be made automatically is equipped with a temperature sensor (DHT11) and comparator circuit as a voltage comparator IC Analog input, which is then XOR with Digital IC. The fan can work automatically so as to facilitate human before fan activation process is done by humans. And can also be more efficient in energy consumption due to the fan works only when needed.
Keywords: Digital IC, Fan,DHT 11, Arduino Uno, temperature
THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN TRANSLATING ENGLISH IDIOM
Authors: Paranoan Emon 
Published: May 2023

The tittle of local research is The Students’ Ability In Translating English Idiom which researching the student of English letters students and graduate student in Titip Sentani Courses . The main problem of this research is to see the quality of translation English idiom result that done by fifth semester students of English letter in USTJ and Titip students course. The purpose of this study is to see whether both fifth semester of English letters and Titip students able to translate English idiom expressions of the source language to the target language (English to Indonesian), and whether students used many translation types in their translation. The method is used to take the data collection of this study are giving a set of test and questioners to the students. By using both of those procedures above, the data can be known and also students result that have translated, were analyzed to see that how far are the fifth semester students and Titip students able to transfer the core meaning of the source language to target language. There are many problems faced by students in translation process that is, students in fifth semester of English letters and Titip students found difficult words and the new idiom meaning to construct the sentence into the target language. The result of this local research show that students in fifth semester and Titip graduate students used free translation, word for word translation and literal translation types in their translation. The better translation result in translation done by a big part students of Titip students course that be able to transfer the idiom from the source language into the target language which is Bahasa Indonesia by using their existing language knowledge of both these language.
Microbial Diversity and Its Applications
Authors: Barbudde S.B. , Ramesh R. , Singh N.P. 
Published: May 2023

MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AND FUNCTIONS: Since their very first appearance on this planet, the microorganisms have benefitted our society in many ways. They are supposed to be the simplest but most versatile and talented products of evolution. They thrive in habitats extremely hostile to human life and are infinitely more skilled than any human chemist in their synthetic activities. Their rich diversity and their functional aspects make them indispensable components of our ecosystems. This book has been published on the eve of 75th Birth Day of Prof. Sudhir Chandra, Former Head and Emeritus Professor, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, who is well known for his concern to the microbes and made significant contributions in exploring their beneficial activities in different ecosystems. The book contains 31 articles written by distinguished scientists of the country having expertise in dealing with the microbes and exploiting their potential for the benefits of mankind. The articles included in the book are thought provocating and deals with: o the topics of Taxonomy, Diversity and Applications of VAM fungi in different Ecosystems o Applications of Microbial Technology for Treatment of effluents of a Gelatine Factory, Biodiversity of Mycotoxigenic Fungi and Trichoderma, o Useful microbes of Mangrove Ecosystem, Extremophiles, PGPRs, Phytotoxins, Litter decomposition, Biopesticides, Botanical Pesticides, biofertilizers and so many others including major concerns about the Evolution and Conservation of Microbial Biodiversity. o All the articles written by the authors are original, timely and appropriate.
Modern Technology in Vegetable Production
Authors: Hazra Pranab 
Published: May 2023

The challenges of increasing vegetable productivity against unfortunate diminishing soil fertility natural resources particularly land and water and rising cost of vegetable production call for greater technology support. This book deals with classification of different vegetable crops basic principles of different crop management practices viz, seedling management water management plant nutrient management pollination management IPM techniques integrated disease management biological management of diseases and weed management and modern production technologies of 29 important vegetable crops. Unique feature of this book lay on 190 coloured photographs on four important aspects of vegetable production viz, nursery management physiological disorder disease and insect pests of different vegetables crops. This type book dealing with modern vegetable production technology with extensive photographic documentation is the new addition in the teaching and demonstrative field of vegetable science. This book will be extremely beneficial not only for the students but also for the faculty members of the colleges and University technical personnel of the commercial vegetable farms planners extension and development officers and even nutritionists and dieticians will also get benefit from this book."
Clinical characteristics and prognostic nomogram analysis of patients with dual primary cancers with first gastric cancer: a retrospective study in China
Authors: Wang Bing , Liu Lu 
Published: May 2023

Background
With the improvement in diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer (GC), the survival time of patients has been gradually prolonged. However, these survivors are at increased risk for other diseases, including second primary cancers (SPCs). Currently, there remain few central studies concerning double primary cancers with first gastric cancer (DPCFGC). Thus, this study aimed to investigate these patients’ clinical characteristics and perform prognostic nomogram analysis.

Methods
The clinical data of 78 DPCFGC patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed through the hospital electronic medical record system. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to screen independent risk factors, based on which the prognostic nomogram was further constructed and validated using the R software package. Finally, Kaplan–Meier curves were plotted to explore the association of overall survival (OS) with prognostic factors and the model.

Results
The prevalence of DPCFGC was 0.86%, of which the proportions of synchronous and metachronous patients were 47.44% and 52.56% , respectively; 65.38% (51/78) and 34.62% (27/78) of patients were male and female, respectively. The median age at GC and SPC diagnosis was 63 and 65 years, respectively, and 52.57% of GC patients developed SPCs within 1 year. The top three SPCs were in the esophagus (19.24%), colon (16.67%), and rectum (15.39%). The most common features of GC and SPCs were adenocarcinoma, poorly and moderately differentiated histology, and pathological stages I and II. The radical resection rate of GC was significantly lower in synchronous patients than in metachronous patients (45.94% vs. 100.00%, P < 0.001), but no significant difference was noted in the radical resection rate of SPCs (35.13% vs. 46.34%, P = 0.315). The OS of DPCFGC patients was 31.03 ± 4.14 months. The pathological stage of GC and SPCs, whether to operate for GC, and diagnostic interval were independent risk factors. The predictive efficacy of the prognostic nomogram for 1-, 2- and 3-year OS in DPCFGC patients was 0.922, 0.935 and 0.796 , respectively, with good consistency and clinical applicability. The OS was significantly lower in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group.

Conclusions
During follow-up, clinicians should attach great importance to the screening of GC survivors, especially at early stage in older men within 1 year after diagnosis, and be alert to the possibility of occurrent digestive system malignancies. The nomogram constructed in this study can provide a theoretical basis for the early clinical development of individualized treatment plans.
Association of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination or Infection With Bell Palsy
Authors: Rafati Ali , Pasebani Yeganeh , Jameie Melika , Yang Yuchen , Jameie Mana , Ilkhani Saba , Amanollahi Mobina , Sakhaei Delaram , Rahimlou Mehran , Kheradmand Amir 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceBell palsy (BP) has been reported as an adverse event following the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, but neither a causative relationship nor a higher prevalence than in the general population has been established.ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of BP in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients vs unvaccinated individuals or placebo recipients.Data SourcesA systematic search of MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from the inception of the COVID-19 report (December 2019) to August 15, 2022.Study SelectionArticles reporting BP incidence with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were included.Data Extraction and SynthesisThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline and was conducted with the random- and fixed-effect models using the Mantel-Haenszel method. The quality of the studies was evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcomes of interest were to compare BP incidence among (1) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients, (2) nonrecipients in the placebo or unvaccinated cohorts, (3) different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and (4) SARS-CoV-2–infected vs SARS-CoV-2–vaccinated individuals.ResultsFifty studies were included, of which 17 entered the quantitative synthesis. Pooling 4 phase 3 randomized clinical trials showed significantly higher BP in recipients of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (77 525 vaccine recipients vs 66 682 placebo recipients; odds ratio [OR], 3.00; 95% CI, 1.10-8.18; I2 = 0%). There was, however, no significant increase in BP after administration of the messenger RNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in pooling 8 observational studies (13 518 026 doses vs 13 510 701 unvaccinated; OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.42-1.16; I2 = 94%). No significant difference was found in BP among 22 978 880 first-dose recipients of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine compared with 22 978 880 first-dose recipients of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.82-1.15; I2 = 0%). Bell palsy was significantly more common after SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 2 822 072) than after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations (n = 37 912 410) (relative risk, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.57-6.62; I2 = 95%).Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review and meta-analysis suggests a higher incidence of BP among SARS-CoV-2–vaccinated vs placebo groups. The occurrence of BP did not differ significantly between recipients of the Pfizer/BioNTech vs Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 infection posed a significantly greater risk for BP than SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
International Collaboration Trends in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Stanford-Moore Gaelen B. , Canick Julia , Kaplan Samantha , Lee Walter T. 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceResearch in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) in the global health setting, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is increasing year by year. As this work progresses, it will be crucial to include voices and perspectives of individuals living in the LMICs being studied.ObjectiveTo characterize and understand international collaborations in published literature on FPRS care in a global health setting and report patterns in whether these articles included authors from the LMICs in which the studies took place.Evidence ReviewA systematic bibliometric scoping review of articles in Scopus from 1971 to 2022 was performed using a set list of search terms; studies were included using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies met criteria for inclusion if the abstract or text contained information regarding surgeons from a different country performing surgery or conducting research in an LMIC within the domain of FPRS. Exclusion criteria were studies that did not mention a facial plastic or reconstructive surgery and studies where both an HIC and LMIC were not mentioned.FindingsA total of 286 studies met criteria for inclusion. The highest percentage of studies (n = 72, 25.2%) were conducted across multiple countries. A total of 120 studies (41.9%) discussed cleft lip/palate. Overall, 141 studies (49.5%) included at least 1 author from the host LMIC; 89 (31.1%) had first authors from LMICs, and 72 (25.2%) had senior authors from LMICs. A total of 79 studies (27.6%) described humanitarian clinical service trips without mentioning research or education in the text. The remaining studies described research, education projects, or a combination. The published literature on humanitarian service trips had the lowest rate of inclusion of a first or senior author from the host LMICs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic bibliometric scoping review, findings showed a general trend of increased international work in the field of FPRS. However, there continues to be a paucity of inclusive authorship trends, with the majority of studies not including first or senior authors from LMICs. The findings presented here encourage new collaborations worldwide, as well as the improvement of existing efforts.
Ferroelectric Control of Polarity of the Spin‐polarized Current in Van Der Waals Multiferroic Heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Xiwen , Zhou Zhaobo , Yu Xing , Guo Yilv , Chen Yunfei , Wang Jinlan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFerroelectric (FE) control of magnetism at nanoscale, for instance, FE control of the polarity of spin‐polarized current is crucial for technological advances in magnetoelectric and spintronic applications. However, this fascinating functionality has not been reported in nanoscale systems yet. Herein, a new class of FE/A‐type antiferromagnetic heterobilayer/FE van der Waals (vdW) multiferroic structures is found, in which the FE control of polarity of spin‐polarized current is found possible. Take Sc2CO2/CrSiTe3/CrGeTe3/Sc2CO2 heterostructure as a successful example. First‐principles calculations reveal that its polarity of half‐metallicity can be switched by flipping the FE polarization orientation. Meanwhile, device transport simulation shows that its up/down spin current transmission ratio is as large as 0.1 × 103 at Sc2CO2 configuration and is only 2.6 × 10−3 at Sc2CO2 configuration in the vdW multiferroic heterostructures. Essentially, it stems from the reversible FE switch of the internal electric field across the CrSiTe3/CrGeTe3 heterobilayer and the FE control of the interfacial effect between Sc2CO2 and Cr(Si/Ge)Te3 layers. This work opens a direction for constructing low‐energy‐dissipation, non‐volatile, and high‐sensitive spintronic devices such as spin field‐effect transistors.
Simulation of Cortical and Cancellous Bone to Accelerate Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Fan Zhihai , Liu Hongxiang , Ding Zhaozhao , Xiao Liying , Lu Qiang , Kaplan David L 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDifferent tissues have complex anisotropic structures to support biological functions. Mimicking these complex structures in vitro remains a challenge in biomaterials designs. Here, inspired by different types of silk nanofibers, a composite materials strategy is pursued toward this challenge. A combination of fabrication methods is utilized to achieve separate control of amorphous and beta‐sheet rich silk nanofibers in the same solution. Aqueous solutions containing two types of silk nanofibers are simultaneously treated with an electric field and with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE). Under these conditions, the beta‐sheet rich silk nanofibers in the mixture responded to the electric field while the amorphous nanofibers are active in the crosslinking process with the EGDE. As a result, cryogels with anisotropic structures are prepared, including mimics for cortical‐ and cancellous‐like bone biomaterials as a complex osteoinductive niche. In vitro studies revealed that mechanical cues of the cryogels induced osteodifferentiation of stem cells while the anisotropy inside the cryogels influenced immune reactions of macrophages. These bioactive cryogels also stimulated improved bone regeneration in vivo through modulation of inflammation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis responses, suggesting an effective strategy to develop bioactive matrices with complex anisotropic structures beneficial to tissue regeneration.
Drug Self‐Delivery Nanocubes Enhance O2‐Economized Photodynamic‐Immunotherapy of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer by Downregulating Wnt/β‐catenin Signaling
Authors: Feng Xianquan , Zhang Jialiang , Wu Lina , Lin Wanjing , Liu Zhihong , Zhou Xin , Qi Yang , Chen Zhenzhen , Zeng Lingjun , Zheng Changqing , Hu Xiaomu , Zhang Qian , Song Hongtao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough the combination of chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can treat triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), the severe effects of chemotherapy on immune cells significantly reduce the efficacy of the ICIs. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with high selectivity is an alternative to chemotherapy that can also effectively treat hypoxic TNBC. However, high levels of immunosuppressive cells, and low infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) limit the efficacy of PDT combined with ICIs. This study aims to evaluate the role of drug self‐delivery nanocubes (ATO/PpIX‐SMN) combined with anti‐PD‐L1 in TNBC treatment. Anti‐malarial atovaquone (ATO) enhances protoporphyrin IX (PpIX)‐mediated PDT‐induced immunogenic cell death and downregulates tumor Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Furthermore, the nanocubes combined with anti‐PD‐L1, which synergistically induce maturation of dendritic cells, promote infiltration of CTLs, reduce regulatory T cells, and significantly activate the host immune system, thus treating primary and distal tumors. This work demonstrates that ATO/PpIX‐SMN can enhance the response rate of anti‐PD‐L1 in TNBC treatment via O2‐economized photodynamic‐downregulating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling.