bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolating the Effect of Crosslink Densities on Mechanical Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene Using Dissipative Particle Dynamics
Authors: Suganuma Yoshitake , Elliott James A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGiven the importance of preserving the mechanical properties of recycled isotactic polypropylene (iPP) during its processing, this work provides an improved understanding of the contribution of introducing physical or chemical crosslinks using the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method, which makes it possible to model iPP structures with a realistic range of crosslink densities. First, the protocol to build a coarse‐grained model of iPP from an all‐atom expression by Bayesian optimization is described. A Bayesian optimization procedure employing two different cutoff distances successfully provides optimal DPD parameters reproducing iPP's properties compared to the all‐atom system. Then, the coarse‐grained iPP model with optimal DPD parameters is applied to study structures containing a realistic range of crosslink densities to evaluate their mechanical properties. These calculations demonstrate that the mechanical properties such as the Young's modulus and ultimate strength increase while the fracture strain decreases with an increase in the crosslink density, which is consistent with experimental observations. The results also show that there is a critical crosslink density above which these properties start to be improved due to the introduction of crosslinks. These findings can help us to obtain targeted properties of recycled iPP by introducing physical or chemical crosslinks.
How we approach conservative treatment of retinoblastoma in South America in the era of local ocular treatments: A consensus of the Grupo America Latina de Oncologia Pediatrica (GALOP)
Authors: Garin Juan Pablo López , Sampor Claudia , Grigorovski Nathalia , Ceciliano Alejandro , Fandiño Adriana , Ossandon Diego , Perez Verónica , Caixeta Rafaela , Neto Joaquim Caetano Aguirre , Alarcón Sandra , Silva Sonia , Teixeira Luiz , Antoneli Celia Gianotti , Mattosinho Clarissa , Leal‐Leal Carlos , Castela Guilherme , Requejo Flavio , Catala Jaume , Macedo Carla , Chantada Guillermo L 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLocal therapies are increasingly used for ocular preservation in retinoblastoma. In middle‐income countries, these techniques pose specific challenges mostly related to more advanced disease at diagnosis. The Grupo de America Latina de Oncología Pediátrica (GALOP) developed a consensus document for the management of conservative therapy for retinoblastoma. Intra‐arterial chemotherapy (OAC) is the preferred therapy, except for those with less advanced disease or age younger than 6 months. OAC allowed for a reduction in the use of external beam radiotherapy in our setting. Intravitreal chemotherapy is the preferred treatment for vitreous seeding. Enucleation is the treatment of choice for eyes with advanced disease.
Emergency department utilization and disposition outcomes by pediatric patients with cancer in Maryland and New York from 2013 to 2017
Authors: Christodoulou Ilias , Dietrich Ann , Hair Nicole , Saha Aniket , Steletou Evangelia , Pirrallo Ronald , Burroughs Zachary , Crawford Erika , Giannouchos Theodoros V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPediatric patients with cancer commonly seek emergency department (ED) care, yet there is limited evidence on ED utilization patterns and disposition outcomes among these patients.MethodsRetrospective analysis of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Emergency Department Databases and State Inpatient Databases for Maryland and New York from 2013 to 2017. We compared ED visits and disposition outcomes for 5.8 million pediatric patients (<18 years old) with and without cancer, and used multivariable regressions to estimate associations between the number of ED visits, hospital (inpatient) admissions through the ED, and ED or inpatient mortality and sociodemographic and clinical factors within the cancer cohort.ResultsPediatric patients with cancer had more ED visits per year on average (2.4 vs. 1.5, p < .001), higher shares of admissions (56.8% vs. 6.6%, p < .001) and mortality (1.2% vs. 0.1%, p < .001) compared to those without cancer. Among patients with cancer, uninsured pediatric patients had fewer ED visits and lower risk of admission to a hospital through the ED compared to those with Medicaid coverage (total visits: incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.82, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.75–0.90; admission: IRR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.65–0.86). Mortality risks were higher for pediatric patients with cancer residing in areas with the lowest median household income, and with no health insurance coverage (IRR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.21–6.51) compared to Medicaid.ConclusionsOur findings emphasize the importance of enhancing health insurance coverage policies and social services for pediatric patients with cancer and their families to address clinical and nonclinical needs.
Development of sustainable 3D printing filaments using recycled/virgin ABS blends: Processing and characterization
Authors: Mishra Vishal , Ror Ch Kapil , Negi Sushant , Kar Simanchal , Borah Lakshi Nandan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWaste plastic exposed to the environment creates problems and is of significant concern for all life forms. To reuse the waste plastic in a well‐organized manner and make it more productive, extrusion‐based additive manufacturing, specially fused deposition modeling technique, can be an effective way. Hence, the primary objective of this work is to reuse ABS waste for developing sustainable three‐dimensional printing filaments. A mixed feedstock processing approach is used to develop filaments, in which recycled ABS is blended with virgin ABS in weight ratio of 10%–50%. The rheological and thermo‐mechanical properties of the extruded filaments were examined. Results indicated that increasing extrusion temperature from 190°C to 195°C produced significant physical changes in ABS blends. There is a breakdown of styrene acrylonitrile and butadiene component in ABS which causes strain hardening and material stiffening. The Young's modulus, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 80% RABS/20% VABS filament were found to be 2329, 34.814 and 40.82 MPa, respectively, which is close to VABS filament. The novel filament produced from recycled/virgin ABS blends has the capability to replace commercially available ABS filaments for fabricating high‐quality plastic parts through an additive manufacturing routine.
Long‐term risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia‐related surgery and acute urinary retention in men treated with 5‐alpha reductase inhibitor versus alpha‐blocker monotherapy in routine clinical care
Authors: Bengtsen Maria B. , Heide‐Jørgensen Uffe , Borre Michael , Nørgaard Mette 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)‐related surgery and acute urinary retention (AUR) in men treated with 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitor (5‐ARI) versus alpha‐blocker monotherapy in routine clinical care over 15 years of follow‐up.MethodsUsing population‐based Danish Health registries, we identified all new‐users of 5‐ARI or alpha‐blocker monotherapy in Denmark, 1997–2017. We defined an index date 180 days after the date of first prescription and included men who redeemed at least one additional prescription before the index date. We used multiple imputation to replace missing prostate‐specific antigen values. We performed propensity score‐weighted Cox regression to estimate weighted hazard ratios (wHRs) and cumulative incidence function to estimate weighted cumulative risks of BPH‐related surgery and AUR in intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses.ResultsWe included 18,421 and 95,984 men treated with 5‐ARI and alpha‐blocker monotherapy, respectively. Overall, treatment with 5‐ARI monotherapy was associated with a reduced risk of BPH‐related surgery (ITT wHR = 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68–0.78), PP wHR = 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70–0.84) and AUR (ITT wHR = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.67–0.78), PP wHR = 0.75 (95% CI: 0.66–0.84). The 15‐year risk of BPH‐related surgery in men treated with 5‐ARI versus alpha‐blocker monotherapy was 14.8% (95% CI: 14.1%–15.5%) versus 19.1% (95% CI: 18.7%–19.5%) in the ITT analysis and 13.8% (95% CI: 12.6%–14.9%) versus 17.5% (95% CI: 16.9%–18.0%) in the PP analysis. The 15‐year risk of AUR in men treated with 5‐ARI versus alpha‐blocker was 13.0% (95% CI: 12.3%–13.6%) versus 16.6% (95% CI: 16.3%–17.0%) in the ITT analysis and 12.6% (95%: 11.3%–14.0%) versus 16.9% (95% CI: 16.3%–17.6%) in the PP analysis.ConclusionTreatment with 5‐ARI versus alpha‐blocker monotherapy in routine clinical care was associated with a reduced risk of BPH‐related surgery and AUR for up to 15 years of follow‐up. After 15 years of follow‐up, the relative risk reduction was 21%–25% and the absolute risk reduction was 4%.
Association rules and decision rules
Authors: Mokkadem Abdelkader , Pelletier Mariane , Raimbault Louis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDetermining association rules of significant interest is an essential task within data mining and statistical analysis. In this paper, we first precisely define the notion of association rule. For this, we introduce a general model, which includes the usual transaction model, and which allows many operations on the association rules. Then, we interpret association rules as statistical decision rules. This interpretation leads to four decisional measures, one of them being the usual confidence. Then, we give some strategies based on the use of these four decisional measures in order to select or to construct association rules with a given consequent. We finally present an experimental study to illustrate these strategies. This study is carried out in R language, with the R‐package we specifically built for association rules mining.
Towards sustainable businesses in Latin America: The role of worker's Dark Triad personality traits
Authors: Afshar Jahanshahi Asghar , Mendoza Milagros Isabel Rivas , Vicuña Juan Carlos Andrango 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHaving sustainable businesses becomes priority for many Latin American countries these years. Socially responsible behaviors (SRBs) of employees in the workplace plays important roles in making businesses more sustainability oriented. The main aims of this research to identify those employees, which involve less in two types of SRBs: societal behaviors and sustainability‐oriented behaviors at the workplace by considering their Dark Triad personality traits. By using survey‐based data from 550 workers in Peru and Ecuador, we found a negative relationship between workers Dark Triad personality traits (Machiavilism and Psychopathy) and their socially responsible behaviors in the workplace. Furthermore, our results show that workers with higher level of Machiavilism and psychopathy has lower level of environmental concerns, which in turn reduce their intentions to involve in socially responsible behaviors in the workplace. Our study advances sustainable business research in Latin America by providing workers Machiavellianism and Psychopathy as a novel predictor of socially responsible behaviors of employees at the workplace.
Scalable Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coating with Rough Coral Reef‐Like Structures for Efficient Self‐Cleaning and Oil‐Water Separation: An Experimental and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study
Authors: Cai Huidong , Duan Chongxiong , Fu Mingli , Zhang Jin , Huang Haomin , Hu Yun , Shi Jie , Ye Daiqi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSuperhydrophobic coating has a great application prospect in self‐cleaning and oil‐water separation but remains challenging for large‐scale preparation of robust and weather‐resistant superhydrophobic coatings via facile approaches. Herein, this work reports a scalable fabrication of weather‐resistant superhydrophobic coating with multiscale rough coral reef‐like structures by spraying the suspension containing superhydrophobic silica nanoparticles and industrial coating varnish on various substrates. The coral reef‐like structures effectively improves the surface roughness and abrasion resistance. Rapid aging experiments (3000 h) and the outdoor building project application (3000 m2) show that the sprayed superhydrophobic coating exhibits excellent self‐cleaning properties, weather resistance, and environmental adaptability. Moreover, the combined silica‐coating varnish‐polyurethane (CSCP) superhydrophobic sponge exhibits exceptional oil‐water separation capabilities, selectively absorbing the oils from water up to 39 times of its own weight. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation reveals that the combined effect of higher surface roughness, smaller diffusion coefficient of water molecules, and weaker electrostatic interactions between water and the surface jointly determines the superhydrophobicity of the prepared coating. This work deepens the understanding of the anti‐wetting mechanism of superhydrophobic surfaces from the perspective of energetic and kinetic properties, thereby paving the way for the rational design of superhydrophobic materials and their large‐scale applications.
Construction of Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Layer for Stable Na Metal Anode Operated under Wide Temperatures
Authors: Lv Xiang , Tang Fang , Xu Shitan , Yao Yu , Yuan Zishun , Liu Lin , He Shengnan , Yang Yaxiong , Sun Wenping , Pan Hongge , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSodium metal battery is supposed to be a propitious technology for high‐energy storage application owing to the advantages of natural abundance and low cost. Unfortunately, the uncontrollable dendrite growth critically hampers its practical implementation. Herein, an inorganic/organic hybrid layer of NaF/CF/CC on the surface of Na foil (IOHL‐Na) is designed and synthesized through the in situ reaction of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and metallic sodium. This protective layer possesses satisfactory Young's modulus, good kinetic property, and sodiophilicity, which can distinctly stabilize Na metal anode. As a result, the symmetric IOHL‐Na cell achieves a lifespan of 770 h at 1 mAh cm−2/1 mA cm−2 in carbonate electrolyte. The assembled full battery of IOHL‐Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 delivers a high discharge capacity of 85 mAh g−1 at 10 C after 600 cycles under ambient temperature. Furthermore, the IOHL‐Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cell still can steadily operate at 10 C for 600 cycles at 55 °C. And when testing at an ultralow temperature of −40 °C, the full cell achieves 40 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C with a prolonged lifespan of 450 cycles. This work offers a new approach to protect the metal sodium anode without dendrite growth under wide temperatures.
Revealing Atomic Configuration and Synergistic Interaction of Single‐Atom‐Based Zn‐Co‐Fe Trimetallic Sites for Enhancing Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Lin Xiaorong , Li Qingqing , Hu Yixuan , Jin Zeyu , Reddy Kolan Madhav , Li Kaikai , Lin Xi , Ci Lijie , Qiu Hua‐Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnchoring single metal atom to carbon supports represents an exceptionally effective strategy to maximize the efficiency of catalysts. Recently, dual‐atom catalysts (DACs) emerge as an intriguing candidate for atomic catalysts, which perform better than single‐atom catalysts (SACs). However, the clarification of the polynary single‐atom structures and their beneficial effects remains a daunting challenge. Here, atomically dispersed triple Zn‐Co‐Fe sites anchored to nitrogen‐doped carbon (ZnCoFe‐N‐C) prepared by one‐step pyrolysis of a designed metal‐organic framework precursor are reported. The atomically isolated trimetallic configuration in ZnCoFe‐N‐C is identified by annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopic techniques. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of trimetallic single atoms, nitrogen, and carbon, ZnCoFe‐N‐C exhibits excellent catalytic performance in bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution reactions in an alkaline medium, outperforming other SACs and DACs. The ZnCoFe‐N‐C‐based Zn‐air battery exhibits a high specific capacity (liquid state: 931.8 Wh kgZn−1), power density (liquid state: 137.8 mW cm−2; all‐solid‐state: 107.9 mW cm−2), and good cycling stability. Furthermore, density‐functional theory calculations rationalize the excellent performance by demonstrating that the ZnCoFe‐N‐C catalyst has upshifted d‐band center that enhances the adsorption of the reaction intermediates.
Diatom Frustules Decorated with Co Nanoparticles for the Advanced Anode of Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Yu‐xin , Liu Hong‐chang , Xie Wei‐qi , Shen Ze , Xia Jin‐lan , Nie Zhen‐yuan , Xie Jian‐ping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSilica is regarded as a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high theoretical capacity. However, large volume variation and poor electrical conductivity are limiting factors for the development of SiO2 anode materials. To solve this problem, combining SiO2 with a conductive phase and designing hollow porous structures are effective ways. In this work, The Co(II)‐EDTA chelate on the surface of diatom biosilica (DBS) frustules and obtained DBS@C‐Co composites decorated with Co nanoparticles by calcination without a reducing atmosphere is first precipitated. The unique three‐dimensional structure of diatom frustules provides enough space for the volume change of silica during lithiation/delithiation. Co nanoparticles effectively improve the electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity of silica. Through the synergistic effect of the hollow porous structure, carbon layer and Co nanoparticles, the DBS@C‐Co‐60 composite delivers a high reversible capacity of >620 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 270 cycles. This study provides a new method for the synthesis of metal/silica composites and an opportunity for the development of natural resources as advanced active materials for LIBs.
Effect of Citric Acid and Sodium Trimetaphosphate Induced Crosslinking on Functional, Rheological, Structural, and Thermal Properties of Buckwheat Starch
Authors: Kumar Yogesh , Singh Sukhcharn , Saxena Dharmesh Chandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present study utilizes citric acid (CA, 12–60% of dry starch) and sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP, 6–30% of dry starch) to crosslink buckwheat starch. The major morphological changes are observed for CAinduced crosslinking, which erodes the polygonal and irregular shaped granules surface leading to formation of indentation and disappearance of pores. FTIR analysis confirms CA crosslinking, which introduces a new peak at 1720 cm−1 (stretching vibration of C═O). XRD pattern reveals both crosslinkers disrupt the crystalline region of native granules leading to reduction in crystallinity index. These changes detrimentally affect the solubility and swelling power even at higher temperature (95 °C). As a result, the pasting curve gets flattened and very poor gel is formed. The crosslinked starch gels are highly flowable, have low yield stress, and show shear thinning behavior. The thermal analysis shows that CA starches gelatinize at lower temperatures due to poor crystalline structure and require lower energy. Thermogravimetric analysis shows crosslinked starches have higher residual mass (10.20–25.17%) at 450 °C compared to native (8.66%). Conclusively, as the concentration of crosslinkers increases, the properties of BS undergo more pronounced changes, resulting in severe alterations in its functional, rheological, and thermal properties at higher concentrations.
Progression of river BOD/DO modeling for water quality management
Authors: Lung Wu‐Seng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA historical perspective of river BOD/DO modeling using the Streeter‐Phelps equation in the past century is presented with cases in the United States, Taiwan, and India. The main emphasis is on the regulatory aspects of modeling during the five decades following the passage of the 1972 Clean Water Act (CWA) in the United States. Success of the CWA in river clean‐up is demonstrated via BOD/DO modeling for management use. Continuing interests outside the United States in anaerobic rivers and eutrophication‐related low dissolved oxygen problems are serving as new proving ground for applications of river BOD/DO modeling. In addition, road blocks on BOD/DO modeling under future conditions for water quality management are outlined.Practitioner Points
Water quality‐based control to set end‐of‐pipe limits prior to 1970s
Switched to technology‐based control following the 1972 Clean Water Act
Back to water quality‐based control with field data support since 1980
Modeling to support technology‐based and water quality‐based control for renewed river BOD/DO problems in the 21st century
An analytical computed microtomography methodology for identification of microplastic fragments in aqueous media
Authors: Funcke R. P. , de Araújo O. M. O. , Machado A. S. , Oliveira D. F. , Lopes R. T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe impact of microplastics (MPs) on the environment is a major concern that affects not only marine life but also the entire ecosystem. MPs are defined as tiny artificial polymer‐based particles, measuring less than 5 mm in length. The impact of these compounds on human health concerns the metabolic alterations, reproductive disorders, neurological disorders, and hormone‐dependent tumors. Due to the problems involved in the improper disposal of this material in nature (in beaches, rivers, lakes, ponds, and oceans), and also, all the risks of MPs both for the ecosystem and for all beings alive, it became extremely important to develop a methodology that makes it possible to quantify this material when present in aqueous media. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present a methodology developed in the laboratory to quantify MP fragments present in an aqueous media. For this, phantoms were developed with plastic fragments from 0.18 to 0.71 mm, in diameter, which were later analyzed using the computed microtomography technique (microCT). The microCT is a non‐invasive imaging technique that uses X‐rays to produce detailed 3D images of the internal structure of an object. The results showed a good contrast pattern, and the quantitative analysis represented satisfactory results for all samples, with relative error below 20%.
Thermal three-point functions from holographic Schwinger-Keldysh contours
Authors: Pantelidou Christiana , Withers Benjamin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We compute fully retarded scalar three-point functions of holographic CFTs at finite temperature using real-time holography. They describe the nonlinear response of a holographic medium under scalar forcing, and display single and higher-order poles associated to resonant QNM excitations. This involves computing the bulk-to-bulk propagator on a piecewise mixed-signature spacetime, the dual of the Schwinger-Keldysh contour. We show this construction is equivalent to imposing ingoing boundary conditions on a single copy of a black hole spacetime, similar to the case of the two-point function. We also compute retarded scalar correlators with stress-tensor insertions in general CFTs by solving Ward identities on the Schwinger-Keldysh contour.