bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun PEO/PEG fibers as potential flexible phase change materials for thermal energy regulation
Authors: Soo Xiang Yun Debbie , Tan Sze Yu , Cheong Augustine Kok Heng , Xu Jianwei , Liu Zhiyuan , Loh Xian Jun , Zhu Qiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used as phase change materials (PCM) due to their versatile working temperature and high latent heat. However, the low molecular weight of PEG prevents from the formation of flexible microfibers, and the common leakage problem associated with solid–liquid PCM further hinders their applications in various fields. To address these challenges, polyethylene oxide (PEO) is incorporated as the supporting matrix for PEG, leading to a successful electrospinning of fibrous mats. Due to the similar chemical nature of both PEG and PEO, the blended composites show great compatibility and produce uniform electrospun fibers. The thermal properties of these fibers are characterized by DSC and TGA, and supercooling for the PEG(1050) component is effectively reduced by 75–85%. The morphology changes before and after leakage test are analyzed by SEM. Tensile and DMA tests show that the presence of PEG(1050) component contributes to plasticization effect, improving mechanical and thermomechanical strength. The ratio of PEO(600K):PEG(1050) at 7:3 affords the optimal performance with good chemical and form‐stability, least shrinkage, and uniformity. These fibrous mats have potential applications in areas of food packaging, flexible wearable devices, or textiles to aid in thermal regulation.
Novel ATG7::RAF1 gene fusion in malignant glomus tumor
Authors: Shafi Saba , Jones Dan , Iwenofu O. Hans , Satturwar Swati 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlomus tumors are classified as members of the perivascular myoid family of tumors. Nearly half of these show NOTCH‐gene fusions and a smaller subset has BRAF V600E mutations. Here, we report a novel ATG7::RAF1 fusion in malignant glomus tumor occurring in a 40‐year‐old female which has not been reported in the malignant glomus tumor before. A 40‐year‐old female presented with a persistent lateral heel pain and an increase in the size of a mass along the lateral ankle for nearly 10 years. Resected specimen showed a well circumscribed lesion composed of spindled and epithelioid cells with moderate nuclear atypia and mitotic figures (7/10 high‐power fields) including atypical forms without any necrosis, lymphovascular, or perineural invasion. The tumor was positive for smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, H‐caldesmon, collagen type IV, and discovered on gastronintestinal stromal tumors‐1 but negative for AE1/3, desmin, S‐100, CD34, and CD117. RNA sequencing showed presence of ATG7‐RAF1 fusion. This fusion has not been reported in the malignant glomus tumor before. Future studies on larger cohorts are needed to ascertain the biological significance of these tumors with novel gene fusions.
YAP and TAZ regulate remyelination in the central nervous system
Authors: Hong Jiayue , Kirkland Julia M. , Acheta Jenica , Marziali Leandro N. , Beck Brianna , Jeanette Haley , Bhatia Urja , Davis Grace , Herron Jacob , Roué Clémence , Abi‐Ghanem Charly , Feltri M. Laura , Zuloaga Kristen L. , Bechler Marie E. , Poitelon Yannick , Belin Sophie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMyelinating cells are sensitive to mechanical stimuli from their extracellular matrix. Ablation of YAP and TAZ mechanotransducers in Schwann cells abolishes the axon–Schwann cell recognition, myelination, and remyelination in the peripheral nervous system. It was unknown if YAP and TAZ are also required for myelination and remyelination in the central nervous system. Here we define the importance of oligodendrocyte (OL) YAP and TAZ in vivo, by specific deletion in oligodendroglial cells in adult OLs during myelin repair. Blocking YAP and TAZ expression in OL lineage cells did not affect animal viability or any major defects on OL maturation and myelination. However, using a mouse model of demyelination/remyelination, we demonstrate that YAP and TAZ modulate the capacity of OLs to remyelinate axons, particularly during the early stage of the repair process, when OL proliferation is most important. These results indicate that YAP and TAZ signaling is necessary for effective remyelination of the mouse brain.
A stepped down physical activity support program for military service veterans: The Active Choices pilot study
Authors: Gilson Nicholas D. , Papinczak Zoe E. , Haslam Catherine , Mielke Gregore I. , Fooken Jonas , Brown Wendy J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedReferral to supervised physical activity (PA) programs is an effective treatment for military service veterans (MSVs) suffering from a range of chronic diseases. However, many MSVs fail to maintain PA regimes once discharged from supervision. This pilot study assessed Active Choices, a stepped‐down program to support MSVs in the transition from allied health treatment to self‐managed PA.MethodsParticipants were 34 Australian MSVs (mean [SD] age = 61 [15.8] years) who were completing supervised referral to an exercise physiologist or physiotherapist. MSVs stepped‐down to Active Choices and received a 12‐week, evidence‐based PA support program (2020–2021). Analyses compared within‐group changes in accelerometer‐assessed PA at three time points (Weeks 0, 12, and 24; linear mixed model). Program retention, PA choices, and allied healthcare service costs were also evaluated.ResultsRelative to baseline (64 [26] min/day), mean (SD) moderate‐to‐vigorous PA increased (74 [28] min/day; p < .05) and was maintained (62 [28] min/day) at weeks 12 and 24, respectively. Retention in the program was high (86% [29/34 participants] completion rate at 12 weeks), with water‐based group activities the most popular PAs of choice (14/24 activities). Average allied healthcare service costs during the study were lower than typical costs for MSVs (60.51 vs. 97.06 AUD/week).ConclusionThe findings highlight the potential of Active Choices to support MSVs in the transition from supervised to self‐managed MVPA.So What?The program could promote the health of veterans and reduce costs for ongoing referral if impact is replicated at scale.
Atypical (non‐V600E) BRAF mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer in population and real‐world cohorts
Authors: Osterlund Emerik , Ristimäki Ari , Mäkinen Markus J. , Kytölä Soili , Kononen Juha , Pfeiffer Per , Soveri Leena‐Maija , Keinänen Mauri , Sorbye Halfdan , Nunes Luís , Salminen Tapio , Nieminen Lasse , Uutela Aki , Halonen Päivi , Ålgars Annika , Sundström Jari , Kallio Raija , Ristamäki Raija , Lamminmäki Annamarja , Stedt Hanna , Heervä Eetu , Kuopio Teijo , Sjöblom Tobias , Isoniemi Helena , Glimelius Bengt , Osterlund Pia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBRAF‐V600E mutation (mt) is a strong negative prognostic and predictive biomarker in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Non‐V600Emt, designated atypical BRAFmt (aBRAFmt) are rare, and little is known about their frequency, co‐mutations and prognostic and predictive role. These were compared between mutational groups of mCRC patients collected from three Nordic population‐based or real‐world cohorts. Pathology of aBRAFmt was studied. The study included 1449 mCRC patients with 51 (3%) aBRAFmt, 182 (13%) BRAF‐V600Emt, 456 (31%) RAS&BRAF wild‐type (wt) and 760 (52%) RASmt tumours. aBRAFmt were seen in 2% of real‐world and 4% of population‐based cohorts. Twenty‐six different aBRAFmt were detected, 11 (22%) class 2 (serrated adenocarcinoma in 2/9 tested), 32 (64%) class 3 (serrated in 15/25) and 4 (8%) unclassified. aBRAFmt patients were predominantly male, had more rectal primaries, less peritoneal metastases, deficient mismatch repair in one (2%), and better survival after metastasectomy (89% 5‐year overall survival [OS]‐rate) compared with BRAF‐V600Emt. aBRAFmt and BRAF‐V600Emt had poorer performance status and received fewer treatment lines than RAS&BRAFwt and RASmt. OS among aBRAFmt (median 14.4 months) was longer than for BRAF‐V600Emt (11.2 months), but shorter than for RAS&BRAFwt (30.5 months) and RASmt (23.4 months). Addition of bevacizumab trended for better OS for the aBRAFmt. Nine patients with aBRAFmt received cetuximab/panitumumab without response. aBRAFmt represents a distinct subgroup differing from other RAS/BRAF groups, with serrated adenocarcinoma in only half. OS for patients with aBRAFmt tumours was slightly better than for BRAF‐V600Emt, but worse than for RASmt and RAS&BRAFwt. aBRAFmt should not be a contraindication for metastasectomy.
Russia‐Ukraine war and G7 debt markets: Evidence from public sentiment towards economic sanctions during the conflict
Authors: Sulong Zunaidah , Abdullah Mohammad , Abakah Emmanuel Joel Aikins , Adeabah David , Asongu Simplice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWar‐related expectations cause changes to investors' risks and returns preferences. In this study, we examine the implications of war and sanctions sentiment for the G7 countries' debt markets during the Russia‐Ukraine war. We use behavioural indicators across social media, news media, and internet attention to reflect the public sentiment from 1st January 2022 to 20th April 2023. We apply the quantile‐on‐quantile regression (QQR) and rolling window wavelet correlation (RWWC) methods. The quantile‐on‐quantile regression results show heterogenous impact on fixed income securities. Specifically, extreme public sentiment has a negative impact on G7 fixed income securities return. The wavelets correlation result shows dynamic correlation pattern among public sentiment and fixed income securities. There is a negative relationship between public sentiment and G7 fixed income securities. The correlation is time‐varying and highly event dependent. Our additional analysis using corporate bond data indicates the robustness of our findings. Furthermore, the contagion analysis shows public sentiment significantly influence G7 fixed income securities spillover. Our findings can be of great significance while framing strategies for asset allocation, portfolio performance and risk hedging.
Anesthesia and postpartum pain management for placenta accreta spectrum: The healthcare provider perspective
Authors: Bartels Helena C. , Walsh Don , Nieto‐Calvache Albaro José , Lalor Joan , Terlezzi Kristen , Cooney Naomi , Palacios‐Jaraquemada José Miguel , O'Flaherty Doireann , MacColgain Siaghal , ffrench‐O'Carroll Robert , Brennan Donal J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the management and experiences of healthcare providers around anesthetic care in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).MethodsThis descriptive survey study was carried out over a 6‐week period between January and March 2023. Healthcare providers, both anesthesiologists and those involved in operative care for women with PAS, were invited to participate. Questions invited both quantitative and qualitative responses. Qualitative responses were analyzed using content analysis.ResultsIn all, 171 healthcare providers responded to the survey, the majority of whom were working in tertiary PAS referral centers (153; 89%) and 116 (70%) had more than 10 years of clinical experience. There was variation in the preferred primary mode of anesthesia for PAS cases; 69 (42%) used neuraxial only, but 58 (35%) used a combined approach of neuraxial and general anesthesia, with only 12 (8%) preferring general anesthesia. Ninety‐nine (61%) were offering a routine antenatal anesthesia consultation. Content analysis of qualitative data identified three main themes, which were “variation in approach to primary mode of anesthesia”, “perspectives of patient preferences”, and “importance of multidisciplinary team care”. These findings led to the development of a decision aid provided as part of this paper, which may assist clinicians in counseling women on their options for care to come to an informed decision.ConclusionsApproach to anesthesia for PAS varied between healthcare providers. The final decision for anesthesia should take into consideration the clinical care needs as well as the preferences of the patient.
Intrapartum use of sildenafil citrate to prevent fetal compromise and emergency operative birth in term pregnancies in the United Kingdom and Australia: A preliminary cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Callander Emily J. , Tarnow‐Mordi William , Morton Rachael , Mol Ben W. , Kumar Sailesh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare cost‐effectiveness of oral sildenafil citrate, administered after onset of labor, with standard care to health system funders in the UK and Australia.MethodsWe conducted a modeled cost‐effectiveness analysis, measuring costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs), using a decision‐analytic model covering onset of labor to 1 month post‐birth. The relative risk of emergency cesarean section and operative vaginal birth was taken from a Phase 2 placebo controlled double blinded randomized control trial.ResultsBoth options of care resulted in the same QALYs gained over the model time period (0.08). Sildenafil citrate was cost‐saving compared with standard care, saving £92 per birth in the UK (AU$303 per birth in Australia). Sensitivity analyses did not identify any areas of uncertainty that stopped sildenafil citrate being cost saving compared with standard care. Threshold analysis revealed that sildenafil citrate would be cost saving up to a per birth drug or administration cost of £152.32 in the UK (AU$333.61 in Australia).ConclusionOral sildenafil citrate may be cost saving compared with standard care; however, the effects on neonatal outcomes still need to be demonstrated in large randomized trials.
The translational potential of the lung microbiome as a biomarker and a therapeutic target for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Yang Lei , Li Naijian , Yi Xinzhu , Wang Zhang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major chronic lung disease with a leading global morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that the lung microbiome, the collection of the microorganisms in the lung, plays a crucial role in COPD pathogenesis. The lung microbiome alters in COPD during the acute exacerbations, associates with clinical phenotypes and inflammatory endotypes, and predicts treatment response, lung function decline and mortality, suggesting it could be a potential biomarker for COPD phenotyping, prognosis and personalized therapies. The lung microbiome produces metabolites that interact with host immunity and contribute to COPD pathogenesis, implying that it could be a possible novel target for therapeutic intervention. Despite these potentials, critical gaps exist for translational application of the lung microbiome in COPD clinical practice, starting with the lack of approaches in precisely measuring and manipulating specific members of the lung microbiome, highlighting the need for future collaborative efforts from bench to bedsides. In this perspective, we review existing knowledge and progress on the understanding of the lung microbiome as a possible COPD biomarker or a therapeutic target. We discuss current challenges and share our views on future directions toward fully realize the potential in translational application of the lung microbiome in the promise of COPD precision medicine.
Nano‐biomaterial Fibrinogen/P(LLA‐CL) for prevention of intrauterine adhesion and restoration of fertility
Authors: Song Sirui , Wu Siyu , Meiduo Danzeng , Chen Ping , Li Huaifang , He Hongbing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEndometrial damage resulting from surgical procedures is a significant cause of intrauterine adhesion, thin endometrium, and subsequent miscarriage and infertility. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective clinical solution to promote endometrial regeneration after severe injury. In this study, we combined fibrinogen (Fg) and P(LLA‐CL) by electrostatic spinning to form a stable nano‐biomaterial Fg/P(LLA‐CL), which can promote endometrial regeneration. After inducing physical injury to rat endometrium, we found that Fg/P(LLA‐CL) membranes placed in the uterine cavities increased endometrial thickness and the number of glands after injury, while reducing the area of endometrial fibrosis. In addition, Fg/P(LLA‐CL) increased neovascularization and decreased COL1A1 deposition. The expression of TGF‐β1, a cytokine that promotes fibrosis, was down‐regulated in the early stage of injury. Finally, fertility assays confirmed that Fg/P(LLA‐CL) improved the pregnancy rate in rats with endometrial injury, and its safety was verified by blood tests and pathological examination of heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney. Therefore, Fg/P(LLA‐CL) shows great potential as a safe and nontoxic biomaterial for endometrial regeneration, ultimately improving pregnancy outcomes in patients with intrauterine adhesion.
P2X7 receptor blockade reduces pyroptotic inflammation and promotes phagocytosis in Vibrio vulnificus infection
Authors: Wann Shue‐Ren , Lo Horng‐Ren , Chang Yun‐Te , Liao Jia‐Bin , Wen Zhi‐Hong , Chi Pei‐Ling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVibrio vulnificus, a gram‐negative bacterium, causes serious wound infections and septicemia. Once it develops into early phase sepsis, hyperinflammatory immune responses result in poor prognosis in patients. The present study aimed to examine the possible underlying pathogenic mechanism and explore potential agents that could protect against V. vulnificus cytotoxicity. Here, we report that infection of mouse macrophages with V. vulnificus triggers antiphagocytic effects and pyroptotic inflammation via ATP‐mediated purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) signaling. V. vulnificus promoted P2X7‐dependent nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) p65 translocation, modulating the expression of the inflammasome sensor NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), adaptor apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a card (ASC), and pyroptotic protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) in mouse macrophages. V. vulnificus induced the NLRP3/caspase‐1 inflammasome signaling complex expression that drives GSDMD transmembrane pore formation and secretion of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐18, and macrophage inflammatory protein‐2 (MIP‐2). This effect was blocked by P2X7R antagonists, indicating that the P2X7R mediates GSDMD‐related pyroptotic inflammation in macrophages through the NF‐κB/NLRP3/caspase‐1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, blockade of P2X7R reduced V. vulnificus‐colony‐forming units in the spleen, immune cell infiltration into the skin and lung tissues, and serum concentrations of IL‐1β, IL‐18, and MIP‐2 in mice. These results indicate that P2X7R plays a vital role in mediating phagocytosis by macrophages and pyroptotic inflammation during V. vulnificus infection and provides new opportunities for therapeutic intervention in bacterial infections.
Increased adipose tissue is associated with improved overall survival, independent of skeletal muscle mass in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tao Junli , Fang Jiayang , Chen Lihua , Liang Changyu , Chen Bohui , Wang Zhenyu , Wu Yongzhong , Zhang Jiuquan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic significance of non‐cancer‐related prognostic factors, such as body composition, has gained extensive attention in oncological research. Compared with sarcopenia, the prognostic significance of adipose tissue for overall survival in non‐small cell lung cancer remains unclear. We investigated the prognostic value of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer.MethodsThis retrospective study included 4434 patients diagnosed with non‐small cell lung cancer between January 2014 and December 2016. Cross‐sectional areas of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous fat were measured, and the pericardial fat volume was automatically calculated. The skeletal muscle index and subcutaneous fat index were calculated as skeletal muscle area and subcutaneous fat area divided by height squared, respectively, and the pericardial fat index was calculated as pericardial fat volume divided by body surface area. The association between body composition and outcomes was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsA total of 750 patients (501 males [66.8%] and 249 females [33.2%]; mean age, 60.9 ± 9.8 years) were included. Sarcopenia (60.8% vs. 52.7%; P < 0.001), decreased subcutaneous fat index (51.4% vs. 25.2%; P < 0.001) and decreased pericardial fat index (55.4% vs. 16.5%; P < 0.001) were more commonly found in the deceased group than survived group. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for clinical variables, increased subcutaneous fat index (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47–0.66, P < 0.001) and increased pericardial fat index (HR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.40–0.56, P < 0.001) were associated with longer overall survival. For stage I–III patients, increased subcutaneous fat index (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.48–0.76, P < 0.001) and increased pericardial fat index (HR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.34–0.54, P < 0.001) were associated with better 5‐year overall survival rate. Similar results were recorded in stage IV patients. For patients with surgery, the prognostic value of increased subcutaneous fat index (HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44–0.80, P = 0.001) and increased pericardial fat index (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.38–0.68, P < 0.001) remained and predicted favourable overall survival. Non‐surgical patients showed similar results as surgical patients. No association was noted between sarcopenia and overall survival (P > 0.05).ConclusionsIncreased subcutaneous fat index and pericardial fat index were associated with a higher 5‐year overall survival rate, independent of sarcopenia, in non‐small cell lung cancer and may indicate a reduced risk of non‐cancer‐related death.
Association between specific ultrasound features of joints and impaired kidney function among gout patients
Authors: Zhao Di , Jin Zhibin , Yu Pengli , Li Xia , Yao Jing , Zhang Weijing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the specific ultrasonic manifestations of lower limb joints and impaired kidney function in gouty arthritis.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 408 patients with gouty arthritis were divided into two groups based on the status of renal function: normal group (n = 240) and renal impairment (n = 168) group. All patients underwent ultrasound examination of the bilateral knee, ankle, and first metatarsophalangeal joints to detect ultrasound features of double‐contour sign (DC) and tophus. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between kidney dysfunction and ultrasound features. A number of potential clinical confounders were adjusted in the model.ResultsUnivariable conditional logistic regression produces several significant risk factors of impaired kidney function which were the highest and current lever of serum urate acid, course of disease, frequency of attack, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, presence of multiple tophus, and DC (P < 0.05). After correcting the course of disease and other risk factors, tophus was still an independent risk factor of impaired kidney function and the multivariable adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) was 1.789 (1.005–3.185, P = 0.05), however, the association was not significant in DC (OR = 1.098, 95% CI: 0.668–1.803, P = 0.71).ConclusionThe ultrasound feature of tophus was associated with kidney dysfunction in patients with gout, independent of clinical risk factors, which may be helpful in guiding clinical practice.