bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competence development in collaborative hybrid learning among health sciences students: A quasi‐experimental mixed‐method study
Authors: Pramila‐Savukoski Sari , Kärnä Raila , Kuivila Heli‐Maria , Oikarainen Ashlee , Törmänen Tiina , Juntunen Jonna , Järvelä Sanna , Mikkonen Kristina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealth sciences education prepares students for social‐ and healthcare by developing evidence‐based nursing, leadership and working life skills, including collaboration. Due to the changes caused by the global pandemic, health sciences education has shifted more to online and hybrid contexts, which can challenge students' competence development. Students' competence development and interaction in collaborative hybrid learning is a little researched area.ObjectivesTo observe and evaluate health sciences students' competence development in a collaborative hybrid learning context.MethodsThis quasi‐experimental mixed‐method study was implemented by providing educational intervention. First‐year Bachelor's degree health sciences students (n = 18) of a Finnish university completed an educational intervention with synchronous online and face‐to‐face learning. Students' collaborative hybrid learning and interaction were video observed, while self‐evaluation of competence development was made with a questionnaire.ResultsIn the collaborative interactions, the students showed analytical thinking, problem‐ solving and communication and technology skills. Extensive knowledge of health sciences and ethics skills was not strongly visible in interaction. The students effectively used collaborative work time to perform tasks. Cognitive interaction (monitoring and evaluating learning) was observed in 85% and socio‐emotional interaction (expressions of emotions and motivation) in 53% of the data. Related to the students' learning results, the students' ability to communicate and interact with culturally different people improved after the educational intervention.ConclusionCollaborative learning methods in hybrid learning can create opportunities for students to construct their competence in interaction. Attention should be paid to different areas of competence and the role of socio‐emotional interaction.
Resveratrol inhibits ferroptosis and decelerates heart failure progression via Sirt1/p53 pathway activation
Authors: Zhang Wei , Qian Shaohuan , Tang Bi , Kang Pinfang , Zhang Heng , Shi Chao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResveratrol is an organic compound widely studied for its therapeutic uses. We investigated whether resveratrol exerts cardioprotective effects by inhibiting ferroptosis via the Sirt1/p53 pathway. A heart failure model was established by aortic coarctation in Sirt1 knockout mice. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) levels and mitochondrial morphology in murine heart tissues were assessed at different time points to determine the role of ferroptosis in heart failure progression. The cardiac function of mice with heart failure was evaluated by determining the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and sST2 concentration and conducting echocardiography. Human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CMs) were transfected with the p53 K382R mutant and Sirt1 interference lentiviral vectors. Immunoprecipitation (IP) experiments were performed to investigate whether Sirt1 influences ferroptosis via p53 K382 acetylation and SLC7A11 expression modulation. Resveratrol improved cardiac function in mice and decelerated ferroptosis and fibrosis progression in heart failure. However, the ability of resveratrol to prevent ferroptosis and treat heart failure was lost after silencing Sirt1. Sirt1 reduced ferroptosis by diminishing the levels of p53 K382 acetylation, reducing the degradation of SLC7A11, and increasing the levels of GSH and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in cells. In conclusion, by activating the Sirt1/p53 pathway in heart failure, resveratrol decreased the depletion of SLC7A11, inhibited ferroptosis, and improved cardiac function.
SD‐RLK28 positively regulates pollen hydration on stigmas as a PCP‐Bβ receptor in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Guo Li , Huang Ziya , Chen Xingyu , Yang Min , Yang Miaomiao , Liu Ziwei , Han Xuejie , Ma Xiangjie , Wang Xiaoli , Gao Qiguo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPollen hydration on dry stigmas is strictly regulated by pollen–stigma interactions in Brassicaceae. Although several related molecular events have been described, the molecular mechanism underlying pollen hydration remains elusive. Multiple B‐class pollen coat proteins (PCP‐Bs) are involved in pollen hydration. Here, by analyzing the interactions of two PCP‐Bs with three Arabidopsis thaliana stigmas strongly expressing S‐domain receptor kinase (SD‐RLK), we determined that SD‐RLK28 directly interacts with PCP‐Bβ. We investigated pollen hydration, pollen germination, pollen tube growth, and stigma receptivity in the sd‐rlk28 and pcp‐bβ mutants. PCP‐Bβ acts in the pollen to regulate pollen hydration on stigmas. Loss of SD‐RLK28 had no effect on pollen viability, and sd‐rlk28 plants had normal life cycles without obvious defects. However, pollen hydration on sd‐rlk28 stigmas was impaired and pollen tube growth in sd‐rlk28 pistils was delayed. The defect in pollen hydration on sd‐rlk28 stigmas was independent of changes in reactive oxygen species levels in stigmas. These results indicate that SD‐RLK28 functions in the stigma as a PCP‐Bβ receptor to positively regulate pollen hydration on dry stigmas.
Patients’ Perspectives on Informational Support and Education in the Perinatal Period: “The Quicker They Could Be Done With Me, the Better”
Authors: Wadsworth Pamela , Graves Lisa , Pogula Mounika , Duerst Abby , Southard James , Kothari Catherine , Presberry Joi 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe overall purpose of this study was to elicit perspectives from a diverse group of postpartum individuals about their perinatal outpatient informational support and education. In addition, suggestions from participants are provided. Although informational support is crucial in the peripartum period, it is often inadequate or biased. Qualitative research, which offers a nuanced and patient‐centered perspective, is limited. The qualitive research that does exist is limited to the prenatal period only, neglecting perspectives throughout the entire peripartum period.MethodsThis qualitative descriptive study was part of a larger observational cross‐sectional study of postpartum individuals in Kalamazoo, Michigan in 2017. Two years after the initial study (2019), participants were recruited into 8 focus groups. Trained facilitators guided focus group conversations using semistructured interview questions. The questions centered on overall experiences with perinatal outpatient health care experiences and informational support. Thematic analyses were used in data analysis. Interrater reliability between coders ranged from 92% to 100%.ResultsFifty‐four individuals (22.1% response rate) participated in a total of 12 focus groups. The overarching theme was the need for recognition of individuality of patients. Three subthemes emerged, including time, multiple modalities of information support, and agency.DiscussionThis study extended previous qualitative findings across the entire peripartum period and that individualized prenatal care is an important distinction in perceived quality of care. Health care organizations should consider allocating time differently for perinatal office visits, offer flexible visit times based on individualized needs, offer information in multiple modalities, and promote agency of patients. This study was strengthened by the community involvement, women of color only focus groups, and oversampling of Black women. This study was limited by the self‐selected, homogenous sample and potential for recall bias.
Revealing the polar lipidome, pigment profiles, and antioxidant activity of the giant unicellular green alga, Acetabularia acetabulum
Authors: Rey Felisa , Cartaxana Paulo , Cruz Sónia , Melo Tânia , Domingues M. Rosário 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMarine algae are one of the most important sources of high‐value compounds such as polar lipids, omega‐3 fatty acids, photosynthetic pigments, or secondary metabolites with interesting features for different niche markets. Acetabularia acetabulum is a macroscopic green single‐celled alga, with a single nucleus hosted in the rhizoid. This alga is one of the most studied dasycladalean species and represents an important model system in cell biology studies. However, its lipidome and pigment profile have been overlooked. Total lipid extracts were analyzed using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry (HILIC‐HRMS), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant capacity of lipid extracts was tested using DPPH and ABTS assays. Lipidomics identified 16 polar lipid classes, corresponding to glycolipids, betaine lipids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids, with a total of 191 lipid species, some of them recognized by their bioactivities. The most abundant polar lipids were glycolipids. Lipid classes less studied in algae were identified, such as diacylglyceryl‐carboxyhydroxymethylcholine (DGCC) or hexosylceramide (HexCer). The pigment profile of A. acetabulum comprised carotenoids (17.19%), namely cis‐neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein and β,β‐carotene, and chlorophylls a and b (82.81%). A. acetabulum lipid extracts showed high antioxidant activity promoting a 50% inhibition (IC50) with concentrations of 57.91 ± 1.20 μg · mL−1 (438.18 ± 8.95 μmol Trolox · g−1 lipid) in DPPH and 20.55 ± 0.60 μg · mL−1 in ABTS assays (918.56 ± 27.55 μmol Trolox · g−1 lipid). This study demonstrates the potential of A. acetabulum as a source of natural bioactive molecules and antioxidant compounds.
Genomic hotspots of chromosome rearrangements explain conserved synteny despite high rates of chromosome evolution in a holocentric lineage
Authors: Escudero Marcial , Marques André , Lucek Kay , Hipp Andrew L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHolocentric organisms, unlike typical monocentric organisms, have kinetochore activity distributed along almost the whole length of the chromosome. Because of this, chromosome rearrangements through fission and fusion are more likely to become fixed in holocentric species, which may account for the extraordinary rates of chromosome evolution that many holocentric lineages exhibit. Long blocks of genome synteny have been reported in animals with holocentric chromosomes despite high rates of chromosome rearrangements. Nothing is known from plants, however, despite the fact that holocentricity appears to have played a key role in the diversification of one of the largest angiosperm genera, Carex (Cyperaceae). In the current study, we compared genomes of Carex species and a distantly related Cyperaceae species to characterize conserved and rearranged genome regions. Our analyses span divergence times ranging between 2 and 50 million years. We also compared a C. scoparia chromosome‐level genome assembly with a linkage map of the same species to study rearrangements at a population level and suppression of recombination patterns. We found longer genome synteny blocks than expected under a null model of random rearrangement breakpoints, even between very distantly related species. We also found repetitive DNA to be non‐randomly associated with holocentromeres and rearranged regions of the genome. The evidence of conserved synteny in sedges despite high rates of chromosome fission and fusion suggests that conserved genomic hotspots of chromosome evolution related to repetitive DNA shape the evolution of recombination, gene order and crossability in sedges. This finding may help explain why sedges are able to maintain species cohesion even in the face of high interspecific chromosome rearrangements.
Targeting Circ‐OCAC suppress oral squamous cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Li Bowen , Ding Yuxun , Huo Chuying , Ren Siqi , Chen Suling , He Haizhang , Li Shurui , Wang Xiaojuan , Cen Meifeng , Yang Hongyu , Li Jinsong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesCircular RNAs (circRNAs), with their multilevel and versatile regulation, have emerged as promising targets for treating complex and heterogeneous malignancies such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It is crucial to explore the function of key circRNAs and elucidate the underlying mechanisms to establish an effective in vivo delivery system to better utilize circRNAs as cancer treatment strategies.Materials and MethodscircRNA (circ‐OCAC) was identified as significantly downregulated in tumor samples compared to paracancerous tissues by RNA‐seq analysis of eight pairs of OSCC tissues. Functional experiments of circ‐OCAC were performed both in vitro and in vivo. The interactions between circ‐OCAC and miR‐411‐5p were clarified by RNA pull down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays.ResultsWe observed that circ‐OCAC inhibits OSCC growth and metastasis by blocking the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. To translate this observation in vivo, a pH‐responsive nanoparticle (pNP) was developed to target circ‐OCAC. Our results confirmed the advantages of the pNP‐circ‐OCAC system: high tumor enrichment capacity and good biosafety, which resulted in a significantly enhanced antitumor effect.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that targeting circ‐OCAC serves as a promising potential therapeutic strategy for OSCC.
“Diagnostic ability in oral pathology among different population clusters”
Authors: Sbricoli Luca , Zago Riccardo , Cavallin Francesco , Stellini Edoardo , Bacci Christian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic ability in detecting oral lesions among dentists, dental hygienists, dentistry students, oral hygiene students, and non‐healthcare subjects.Materials and MethodsParticipants were invited to classify 30 images of oral lesions in “benign” or “suspected malignant” only based on the visual appearance of the lesion. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by calculating sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals and stratified by population group and image features (color, shape, and size of the lesions).ResultsA total of 16,590 examinations by 553 subjects were analyzed. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 57% (95% confidence interval 56%–58%) and 64% (95% confidence interval 63%–65%). Diagnostic accuracy varied among population groups, with experienced dentists showing the lowest sensitivity (52%) and the highest specificity (71%). Red lesions, flat lesions, and large lesions had the lowest sensitivity (42%, 36%, 57%) but the highest specificity (70%, 75%, 76%).ConclusionsWe found worrying low ability to detect suspected malignant oral lesions by both healthcare workers and non‐healthcare subjects. Lesion‐specific characteristics may lead to differences in recognition. Specific courses and more adequate teaching methods should be proposed to increase identification of oral lesions.
Postoperative outcome of neonatal emergency surgeries in a tertiary care institute—A prospective observational study
Authors: Puri Sunaakshi , Sen Indu Mohini , Bhardwaj Neerja , Yaddanapudi Sandhya , Mathew Preethy J. , Bandyopadhyay Anjishnujit , Samujh Ram , Dogra Shivani , Kumar Praveen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsNeonatal surgical mortality continues to be high in developing countries. A better understanding of perioperative events and optimization of causative factors can help in achieving a favorable outcome. The present study was designed to evaluate the perioperative course of surgical neonates and find out potential factors contributing to postoperative mortality.MethodsThis prospective observational study enrolled neonates, undergoing emergency surgical procedures in a tertiary care institute. Primary outcome was 6 weeks postsurgical mortality. The babies were observed till discharge and subsequently followed up telephonically for 6 weeks after surgery. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of various parameters was performed.ResultsOut of the 324 neonates who met inclusion criteria, 278 could be enrolled. The median age was 4 days. Sixty‐two (27.7%) neonates were born before 37 weeks period of gestation (POG), and 94 (41.8%) neonates weighed below 2.5 kg. The most common diagnoses was trachea‐esophageal fistula (29.9%) and anorectal malformation (14.3%). The median duration of hospital stay for survivors was 14 days. The in‐hospital mortality was 34.8%. Mortality at 6 weeks following surgery was 36.2%. Five independent risk factors identified were POG < 34 weeks, preoperative oxygen therapy, postoperative inotropic support postoperative mechanical ventilation, and postoperative leukopenia. In neonates where invasive ventilation was followed by non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation in the postoperative period, risk of postoperative surgical mortality was significantly reduced.ConclusionPresent study identified preterm birth, preoperative oxygen therapy, postoperative positive pressure ventilation, requirement of inotropes, and postoperative leukopenia as independent predictors of 6‐week mortality. The possibility of early switch to noninvasive positive pressure ventilation was associated with a reduction in neonatal mortality.
The policy acknowledgement gap: Explaining (mis)perceptions of government social program use
Authors: SoRelle Mallory E. , Shanks Delphia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNearly, all Americans have received social policy benefits, yet many do not acknowledge “using government social programs.” Why? Work on the submerged state proposes that people who receive social assistance through market mechanisms do not realize that the benefits they get are the result of government policy, and therefore, they do not acknowledge receiving government assistance. Others point to motivated reasoning or social desirability bias to explain the gap between acknowledging and using social programs. We classify the existing literature into three broad explanations—delivery, definition, and desirability—and propose that each may be responsible for people's inability to accurately report using government social programs. We test these mechanisms with original survey experiments. The results of this study provide support for the theory that multiple mechanisms are at work in shaping social policy acknowledgment, but they confirm that a partisan acknowledgement gap exists across a variety of conditions, and it persists despite treatments designed to minimize it. The study has significant implications for the conditions under which partisanship and policy usage coalesce to undermine support for government social expenditures, and it helps to explain the persistence of a “makers vs. takers” logic in American politics.
Effect of physical activity program applied to patients with Alzheimer's disease on cognitive functions and depression level: a randomised controlled study
Authors: Lok Neslihan , Tosun Alime Selçuk , Lok Sefa , Temel Veysel , Aydın Zekiye 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIn this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of a physical activity program applied to Alzheimer's disease patients on cognitive functions and depression.MethodThis study is a randomised controlled study designed in a pre‐test post‐test design. It was conducted with 72 patients in total, 36 of whom were interventions and 36 were controls, at the Alzheimer's Day Life Centre. In data collection, a personal information form prepared by the researchers, questioning the socio‐demographic characteristics of individuals, Mini Mental Test and Cornell Dementia Depression Scale were used. In the analysis of the data, the homogeneity between the groups in terms of independent variables was evaluated by performing a Chi‐square analysis. In the evaluation of cognitive functions and depression levels of the experimental and control groups, t‐test was used in the dependent and independent groups. Statistical significance level was accepted as P < 0.05.ResultsIn the study, the cognitive functions of the experimental group, in which a 12‐week physical activity program was applied, were higher than the control group and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Similarly, the depression scale mean score of the experimental group was found to be better than the depression level of the individuals in the control group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe 12‐week physical activity program applied to Alzheimer's disease patients improved cognitive functions and depression levels of individuals.
The neural correlates of continuous feedback processing
Authors: Hassall Cameron D. , Yan Yan , Hunt Laurence T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFeedback processing is commonly studied by analyzing the brain's response to discrete rather than continuous events. Such studies have led to the hypothesis that rapid phasic midbrain dopaminergic activity tracks reward prediction errors (RPEs), the effects of which are measurable at the scalp via electroencephalography (EEG). Although studies using continuous feedback are sparse, recent animal work suggests that moment‐to‐moment changes in reward are tracked by slowly ramping midbrain dopaminergic activity. Some have argued that these ramping signals index state values rather than RPEs. Our goal here was to develop an EEG measure of continuous feedback processing in humans, then test whether its behavior could be accounted for by the RPE hypothesis. Participants completed a stimulus–response learning task in which a continuous reward cue gradually increased or decreased over time. A regression‐based unmixing approach revealed EEG activity with a topography and time course consistent with the stimulus‐preceding negativity (SPN), a scalp potential previously linked to reward anticipation and tonic dopamine release. Importantly, this reward‐related activity depended on outcome expectancy: as predicted by the RPE hypothesis, activity for expected reward cues was reduced compared to unexpected reward cues. These results demonstrate the possibility of using human scalp‐recorded potentials to track continuous feedback processing, and test candidate hypotheses of this activity.
Artificial intelligence model substantially improves stratum corneum moisture content prediction from visible‐light skin images and skin feature factors
Authors: Shishido Tomoyuki , Ono Yasuhiro , Kumazawa Itsuo , Iwai Ichiro , Suzuki Kenji 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAppropriate skin treatment and care warrants an accurate prediction of skin moisture. However, current diagnostic tools are costly and time‐consuming. Stratum corneum moisture content has been measured with moisture content meters or from a near‐infrared image.ObjectiveHere, we establish an artificial intelligence (AI) alternative for conventional skin moisture content measurements.MethodsSkin feature factors positively or negatively correlated with the skin moisture content were created and selected by using the PolynomialFeatures(3) of scikit‐learn. Then, an integrated AI model using, as inputs, a visible‐light skin image and the skin feature factors were trained with 914 skin images, the corresponding skin feature factors, and the corresponding skin moisture contents.ResultsA regression‐type AI model using only a visible‐light skin‐containing image was insufficiently implemented. To improve the accuracy of the prediction of skin moisture content, we searched for new features through feature engineering (“creation of new factors”) correlated with the moisture content from various combinations of the existing skin features, and have found that factors created by combining the brown spot count, the pore count, and/or the visually assessed skin roughness give significant correlation coefficients. Then, an integrated AI deep‐learning model using a visible‐light skin image and these factors resulted in significantly improved skin moisture content prediction.ConclusionSkin moisture content interacts with the brown spot count, the pore count, and/or the visually assessed skin roughness so that better inference of stratum corneum moisture content can be provided using a common visible‐light skin photo image and skin feature factors.