bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of transgastric drainage of fluid collections and postnecrotic pancreas cysts in patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Lubyansky V. G. , Nasonov V. V. 
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION. The issues of treating patients with acute fluid collections and postnecrotic cysts are still relevant at the present time. Optimization of the tactics of treatment of patients at the early stages of the formation of postnecrotic cysts makes it possible to reduce the percentage of complications.The OBJECTIVE was to develop diagnostic criteria for the formation of a cyst capsule at the early stages of acute pancreatitis, to determine the optimal timing and options for transgastric drainage of cysts.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The results of treatment of 62 patients were analyzed. All patients underwent computed tomography with bolus contrast and endoscopic ultrasonography. There were 2 groups of patients who underwent surgical treatment in the early and late periods. The results of endoscopic transgastric drainage of postnecrotic pancreatic cysts were analyzed.RESULTS. Based on the analysis of the results of treatment of patients with postnecrotic pancreatic cysts and acute peripancreatic fluid collections, the data of multispiral computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography at the stages of cyst formation, options and optimal timing of endoscopic transgastric drainage were determined. Causes of complications accompanying this method were identified and analyzed. The technique of transgastric drainage has been improved, methods for the prevention of complications have been proposed.CONCLUSION. The obtained results make it possible to recommend diagnostic criteria and a treatment algorithm for use in clinical practice.
COMPONENTES DO DIAGNÓSTICO DE ENFERMAGEM ESTILO DE VIDA SEDENTÁRIO EM UNIVERSITÁRIOS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Da Cruz Maria de Lourdes Alves , De Souza Larissa Beatriz Francisca , Fernandes Renata Marinho , Fernandes Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho 
Published: April 2023

O estilo de vida sedentário envolve um gasto energético similar aos valores basais em repouso, sendo prejudicial à saúde. Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetiva sintetizar o conhecimento produzido sobre indicadores clínicos, fatores causais e relações clínicas entre os indicadores e os fatores causais do diagnóstico de enfermagem estilo de vida sedentário em estudantes universitários. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada no mês de novembro de 2022. As fontes de dados consultadas foram: Scopus Content Overview, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed e Web of Science. A amostra foi composta por dez artigos. Em relação aos estudos incluídos, todos eram internacionais, publicados em sua maioria no ano de 2021 (30%) e escritos na língua inglesa (90%). O principal indicador clínico encontrado foi atividade física menor que a recomendada. Quanto aos fatores causais, encontrou-se tempo de tela excessivo, tempo de atividade física insuficiente, falta de tempo para se exercitar, tempo sentado prolongado, atividades sedentárias educacionais e socialização sedentária. As relações clínicas encontradas foram excesso de adiposidade, sono prejudicado e saúde mental prejudicada. Conclui-se que a literatura referente aos indicadores clínicos, fatores causais e relações clínicas do diagnóstico estudado é limitada, necessitando de pesquisas que possam preencher as lacunas de conhecimento.
Coherent Structures and Pressure Fluctuations over an Airfoil Using Time-Resolved Measurements
Authors: Sen Li , Chuangxin He , Bing Ge , Yingzheng Liu 
Published: April 2023

This study focused on the unsteady behaviors of large-scale vortical structures and wall pressure fluctuations and their coupling mechanism on a low-Reynolds-number airfoil. Three incidence angles were chosen for comparison: [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] (representing two flow regimes, namely, the separation bubble formation and separation without subsequent reattachment). Simultaneous measurements of velocity fields and wall-pressure fluctuations were performed using a high-resolution time-resolved particle image velocimetry operating at 2 kHz and an array of flush-mounted microphones sampled at 10 kHz. The results provided a detailed description of the shear layer transition and the coherent structures development on the airfoil. The roll-up process, pairing process, spatial-temporal growth of the vortical structure, and vortex break-up were clarified through a long-period analysis. Spectral analysis demonstrated that vortical structures at the fundamental frequency were spatially and temporally localized and that their subharmonics were significantly enhanced. Frequency–wavenumber spectra revealed that the energy was dominantly concentrated along the convective ridge. With increasing incidence angle, the energy level of the inclined ridge increased, with a lower extension in the frequency domain and a higher dispersion in the wavenumber domain. The conditional averaging and quadrant analysis results demonstrated that strong events in the near-wall region were dominated by the sweep motion and ejection motion, which enhanced the interaction between the inner and outer layers. This also indicated the existence of a strong relationship between the wall-pressure peaks and turbulence production mechanisms.
Delirium na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Itaborahy Reinaldo de Sousa , Lima Luciano da Silva 
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Analisar as características do delirium na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Revisão bibliográfica: O delirium, uma forma de disfunção cerebral aguda, é um problema comum e complexo na (UTI), sendo caracterizado como uma perturbação que se desenvolve em um curto período de tempo, flutua e representa uma mudança aguda da atenção e consciência básicas. A incidência de delirium na UTI varia de 45 a 87% e a maior taxa de incidência é encontrada em pacientes de UTI submetidos à ventilação mecânica atingindo mais de 80%. O delirium pode se apresentar como estados hiperativos ou hipoativos e pode flutuar entre os dois como delirium misto. Considerações finais: O delirium é um grave problema na UTI e está associado a resultados adversos como maior mortalidade, maior tempo de internação, maiores custos e maior declínio cognitivo pós internação. Dessa forma, a prevenção e o tratamento do delirium perpassam pela identificação e eliminação dos fatores de risco potenciais e em intervenções não farmacológicas, sendo o tratamento aplicado de forma limitada no tempo e na menor dose possível para o manejo de sintomas altamente estressantes ou comportamento de alto risco.
Conhecimento do enfermeiro sobre a abreviação do jejum pré-operatório
Authors: Antunes Thais Scerni , Sousa Carla Quaresma Durães de , Panzetti Tatiana Menezes Noronha , Santos Anderson Lineu Siqueira dos 
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros (as) das clínicas cirúrgicas sobre a abreviação do jejum pré-operatório em pacientes oncológicos. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa do tipo exploratória descritiva, realizada nas clinicas cirúrgicas de um hospital de referência em oncologia. Conforme a disponibilidade dos participantes, foram realizadas entrevistas virtuais individualizadas semiestruturadas contendo dados socioprofissionais e 5 (cinco) perguntas específicas. Os resultados foram analisados através da técnica de análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 10 participantes, sendo 9 mulheres e 1 homem, com média de idade de 35 anos, com 8 anos de formados, e 5 anos de atuação em clínica cirúrgica. Os resultados se expressaram em 3 categorias: Conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre a abreviação do jejum; Benefícios em abreviar o jejum; Conhecimento do enfermeiro sobre os malefícios da brevidade do jejum. Conclusão: A pesquisa elucidou o conhecimento dos enfermeiros na prática assistencial de enfermagem sobre a abreviação do jejum no pré-operatório, bem como os seus benefícios e malefícios, além dos desafios na implantação de tal prática na realidade a qual estão inseridos.
COVID-19 Pandemisindeki Uzaktan Eğitim Döneminde Tıp Fakültesi Dijital Anatomi Eğitimi Daha Verimli Duruma Nasıl Getirilir?
Authors: ATEŞOĞLU KARABAŞ Sibel , KÜÇÜK Mehlika 
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Tüm dünyada COVID-19 pandemisinin etkilerinin devam etmesi nedeniyle eğitim kurumlarında aniden uzaktan eğitime geçilmesi özellikle sağlık alanında bulunan öğrencilerin teorik ve pratik derslerini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada pandemi süresince tıp fakültesi öğrencilerine verilen anatomi eğitiminin geri bildirimlerle değerlendirilmesi ve önümüzdeki yıllarda da uzaktan eğitimin daha aktif olarak devam edilmesinin verimli olup olmayacağının sorgulanması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde anatomi dersi alan 179 dönem 2 öğrencisinden 156 (86 kadın, 70 erkek)’sı dahil edilmiştir. Kesitsel, tanımlayıcı tipteki çalışmada katılımcıların anatomi eğitimi hakkındaki görüşleri gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul ettikleri bir anket yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Hazırlanan anket formu yüz yüze/uzaktan ve teorik/pratik anatomi eğitimi ile ilgili 20 tane 5'li likert tipi kapalı uçlu sorudan oluşmaktadır. Ankette katılımcılardan yüz yüze anatomi eğitimini online eğitim ile karşılaştırmaları ve online anatomi derslerinin avantajlarını ve kısıtlılıklarını belirlemeleri istenmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler için SPSS 25,0 programı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 156 gönüllüden 86 (%55,1)’sı kadın, 70 (%44,9)’i erkekti. Kadınların yaş ortalaması 20,59 ±1,39 erkeklerin yaş ortalaması 20,72 ±1,96 idi (p=0,615). Teorik anatomi derslerinin online eğitim olarak devam etmesini isteyenlerin sayısı yüz yüze olarak devam etmesini isteyenlerden daha fazlaydı (p=0,0001). Pratik anatomi derslerinin yüz yüze olarak devam etmesini isteyenlerin sayısı online devam etmesini isteyenlerden daha fazlaydı (p=0,001). Teorik anatomi derslerinin uzaktan eğitim olarak verilmesinin zamandan tasarruf sağladığı için etkili bir öğrenme yöntemi olduğunu düşünenler %33,3 iken, %4,5 öğrenci ise buna kesinlikle katılmadığını ifade etmiştir. %41,7 öğrenci uzaktan eğitimde teorik dersten sonra video kayıtlarını yeniden izlemenin dersi öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırdığını belirtmişlerdir. %28,8 kişi online eğitim ile teorik derslerin verilmesinin eğitimin kalitesinde kayıp yaşanmadığını ifade etmiştir.
Sonuç: Anatomi derslerinin teorik kısmının daha çok online, pratik kısmının ise yüz yüze yapılmasının daha iyi olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Tıp ve sağlık bilimleri alanında eğitim gören her birey için anatominin çok iyi öğrenilmesi gerektiği ve bunun da yüz yüze eğitim ile daha verimli olabileceği kanaatindeyiz. Çalışmamız online eğitime devam edecek olan kurumlarda iyileştirmeleri gereken yönleri ortaya koymaktadır ve daha sonra yapılacak olan diğer çalışmalara da kaynak olacaktır.
Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Gelecekte Yurt Dışında Çalışmayla İlgili Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi: Çanakkale Örneği
Authors: KAYA Serkan , TORAMAN Çetin , TEKİN Murat 
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de doğmuş ve tıp fakültesine kadar öğrenimini Türkiye’de tamamlamış tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin yurt dışında çalışmaya ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel türde bir araştırmadır. Araştırmaya Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nin (ÇOMÜTF) farklı dönemlerinden 267 tıp fakültesi öğrencisi gönüllülük esası ile katılmıştır. Katılımcı öğrencilerin tamamı Türkiye’de doğmuş ve tıp fakültesine gelene kadar öğrenimini Türkiye’de sürdürmüştür. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş anket ile elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek için ki-kare analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %72.7’si daha önce yurt dışında bulunmamıştır. Öğrencilerinin çoğunluğu (%38.6) Marmara Bölgesi’nde dünyaya gelmiş öğrencilerdir. Öğrencilerin dönem tekrarı yapma düzeyi düşüktür. Öğrenciler ülke siyasetini orta düzeyde takip ederken (%64.8), büyük çoğunluğu (%60.3) Türkiye’deki sağlık sistemini beğenmemekte ve önümüzdeki 10 yıl içerisinde de düzeleceğine inanmamakta ve büyük çoğunluğu (%77.5) ileride yurt dışında çalışmayı düşünmektedir. Hekim adayı tıp fakültesi öğrencilerini yurt dışında çalışmaya iten ilk neden “yurt dışında maddi gelirin yüksek olması (%44.6)”, ikinci neden “sağlık kurumlarında şiddetin olmaması (20.6)” ve üçüncü neden “çalışma saatlerinin az olması (%18.4)” şeklinde belirlendi. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin dünyaya geldiği coğrafi bölge, sosyal topluluklara üye olma durumları, düzenli spor yapma durumu öğrencilerin ileride yurt dışında çalışmayı düşünme durumunda anlamlı farklılık yaratmamıştır. Öğrencilerin müzik aleti çalma durumu, daha önce yurt dışında bulunma durumu, konuşabilecek düzeyde bildikleri yabancı dil sayısı, ülke siyasetini takip etme düzeyi ileride yurt dışında çalışmayı düşünme durumlarında anlamlı farklılık yaratmıştır.
Sonuç: Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde mezun olduktan sonra yurt dışında çalışma düşüncesi yüksektir. Çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesi, hekime yönelik şiddetin önlenmesi yönündeki politika düzenlemeleri yurt dışına hekim akışını önlemede çözüm olarak ele alınabilir.
The First Automatic Item Generation in Turkish for Assessment of Clinical Reasoning in Medical Education
Authors: KIYAK Yavuz Selim , BUDAKOĞLU Işıl İrem , COŞKUN Özlem , KOYUN Emin 
Published: April 2023

Aim: Writing high-quality items (questions) is a resource-intensive task. Particularly, the development of one context-rich multiple-choice question (MCQ) for assessing higher-order cognitive skills may cost hours of medical teachers. The aim of this study was to find out whether it is possible the use of Automatic Item Generation (AIG) in Turkish to generate case-based MCQs that assess clinical reasoning skills.
Methods: By following the template-based AIG method developed by Gierl et al., MCQs on hypertension were generated with the help of software after the development of a cognitive model and an item model. The cognitive model and the item model was developed by a medical doctor and a cardiologist by considering Turkish Hypertension Consensus Report. The software was built as a Python-based code intended for single use without a user interface. The items were recorded in a MySQL database. Of these questions, 10 questions were randomly chosen to be reviewed by three subject matter experts (cardiologists). The evaluation was based on the quality of the questions and whether the questions assess higher-order skills such as clinical reasoning rather than factual recall.
Results: In 1.73 seconds, 1600 MCQs on hypertension were generated. Although there were some minor revision suggestions in a few questions, each question was stated by all cardiologists as an acceptable item. The cardiologists also stated that the questions assess clinical reasoning skills rather than factual recall.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated for the first time that AIG for assessing clinical reasoning skills in the context of medical education in Turkish is possible. This method of augmented intelligence to generate items can be used in Turkish as it has been used in other five languages. The use of this method could bring about more questions to assess clinical reasoning skills. It may also lead medical teachers to spend less amount of time and effort compared to traditional item writing.
Designing a Monitoring and Controlling System on IOT-Based Sockets
Authors: Firmance Yugerita , Amalia Sitti , Kartiria Kartiria 
Published: April 2023

The government's program to promote energy conservation efforts by reducing the occurrence of vampire power in the surrounding environment, particularly in the household sector. For this reason, modifications are made to the socket so that it can be controlled and monitored remotely through an application on a smartphone. The hardware design uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 V3 as a microcontroller. Combined with the PZEM-004T sensor module to read current, voltage, and power values. Relay module to secure the circuit in case of higher loads. So that in the system, the socket can be monitored 3 sockets simultaneously. While the software design uses the MIT app inventor as the user interface, and the Thingspeak platform as a server. The data is saved in.csv format, which can be opened in Microsoft Excel. The data stored is in the form of the name of the electronic equipment, the time of use, as well as the voltage, current, and power of the device. So that users can manage the use of electrical appliances at home and reduce the occurrence of electric vampires. The test results showed an average voltage error rate of 0.24% with a voltage range of 226 V–230 V, an average current error rate of 22.18%, and an error rate on power of 15.39%. This is caused by the measured load being too small, resulting in higher errors in current and power.
The Early Patronage of the Cult of SS. Boris and Gleb
Authors: Bogatyrev Sergei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the patronage of the cult of SS. Boris and Gleb through the reign of Volodimir Monomakh (r. 1113–1125) by using textual criticism, memory studies, and works on medieval Christian materiality. It revisits the chronology of the main texts on SS. Boris and Gleb (the Primary Chronicle, two hagiographical tales and Nestor’s Lesson concerning the life and murder of the saints); the Primary Chronicle contaminated the hagiographical works that were written under Monomakh. This textual analysis offers a new perspective on the patronage of the cult. There were many factors that stimulated the emergence of the cult in the 1070s, including the threat of nomadic raids, inter-princely conflicts, and the aspirations of clerical communities to enhance their spiritual glory, augment their wealth, and address issues of historical memory. The promotion of the cult was therefore a collective effort of the princely and clerical elites. Among the clerical promoters of the cult were the metropolitan’s see, monastic communities, and the local clergy in Smolensk and Vyshhorod. The patronage of the cult crossed institutional boundaries as different groups of patrons promoted their interests during the commemoration of the royal martyrs. Royalty sponsored the building and decoration of churches dedicated to the saints. The metropolitan’s see initiated the gathering of information on miracles performed by the saints, organised their liturgical commemoration, and used the cult for mediating princely politics. The cult was also affected by a revision of the memory of Iaroslav Volodimirovich (r. 1019–1054) during the reign of his grandson Volodimir Monomakh. As part of this revision, monastic hagiographers created stories about Iaroslav establishing and patronising the cult of the saints. The myth of Iaroslav’s patronage validated Monomakh’s commemorative activities and appealed to other descendants of Iaroslav as potential sponsors of the cult.
Satan’s Playground?
Authors: Goldfrank David M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The concept of Satan in Prosvetitel’ is that of Orthodox Christianity and the Church Fathers from the era of Ecumenical Councils. Satan is especially prominent in the introductory Skazanie, where he is responsible for the new, soul-destroying (and allegedly judaizing) Novgorod heresy, whose leading proponents are infused with him, and in Slovo 4, where he is responsible for humanity’s initial fall from grace and then is deceptively but appropriately defeated via Christ’s redemptive self-sacrifice and harrowing of Hades. Satan and his legion of demons are likewise found scattered throughout the rest of the work promoting heresy and sin and requiring divine aid to oppose on earth and during the immediate judgment after one’s death. But within the Muscovy of the time Prosvetitel’ was in no way uniquely anti-Judaic, and so the effect of Iosif’s anti-Satanic thrust on state or private actions beyond the repression of accused heretics is impossible to gage.
Balancing Competing Agendas
Authors: Thyrêt Isolde 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article investigates how the first Siberian archbishop, Kiprian, successfully dealt with uncooperative local royal officials and unruly laymen refusing to submit to his ecclesiastical jurisdiction upon his arrival in Tobol’sk in 1621. Far away from the Muscovite capital and his adopted home, Novgorod the Great, where he had served as archimandrite of the Varlaam Khutynskii Monastery, Kiprian gently balanced central Muscovite influences on the nascent Orthodox religious culture in Siberia with spiritual symbols and rituals that he imported from Novgorod. Simultaneously, he promoted the creation of local religious traditions that emphasized the independent status of Siberia vis-à-vis the Muscovite realm. The seamless merging of these three aspects – Muscovite, Novgorodian, and Siberian – assured the tsar’s continued support for the Siberian archbishop and bolstered Kiprian’s spiritual authority in Siberia.
Perils of Compilation and Problematic Chronology
Authors: Boeck Brian J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article argues that the Piskarev Chronicle provides glimpses of lost sources devoted to the legacy of tsar Ivan the Terrible. This complex and contradictory compilation preserves examples of efforts to revive chronicle-writing after Ivan’s death and it also provides evidence of a continuing crisis in traditional annalistic recording of the past. Various glitches reveal its complexity as a compilation and collectively expose the cultural gulf between the early seventeenth-century compiler and his sources. This study also analyzes the working methods of an early modern Russian compiler who was keen to transmit memories of tragic events that had officially been consigned to oblivion.
Ivan Groznyi’s Sinodik opal’nykh Reconsidered
Authors: Soldat Cornelia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Boris Morozov has contributed very valuable archival studies and manuscript findings to research about the period of Ivan the Terrible. Therefore, I am contributing to his Festschrift a study about one of the most significant texts about Ivan IV’s Oprichnina, the Sinodik opal’nykh. This work, unique even among other Old Russian sinodiki, has been analyzed with the help of digital tools available on the internet (www.voyant-tools.org). As it turns out, the available manuscripts of the sinodik are so diverse that they cannot have originated from a single prototype; this new insight challenges most 20th-century scholarly reconstructions. The compilation and existence of the manuscripts found since the 17th century need to be re-evaluated. The existing so-called reconstructions corroborate nothing of the known history of the Oprichnina.
Simulation of Groundwater Movement for Nuclear Research Center at AlTuwaitha Area in Baghdad City, Iraq
Authors: Mustafa Ayad Sleibi , Abdulkareem Ahmed Hazem , Sou’d Rasha Ali 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The simulation of groundwater movement has been carried out by using MODFLOW modelin order to show the impact of change of water surface elevation of the Tigris river on layers of the aquifer system for Nuclear Research Center at Al-Tuwaitha area, in addition to evaluate theability of the proposed pumping well to collect groundwater and change the direction of flow atsteady-state. The results of the study indicated that there is a good match between the values ofgroundwater levels that calculated in the model and measured in the field, where mean error is0.09 m. The study also showed that the increasing of water surface elevation of the Tigris river led toincrease in the hydraulic head of observed wells, while the use proposed pumping well reducedthe hydraulic head and intercepted the movement of groundwater flow. The flow direction istoward the Tigris river, and the velocity of flow is clear in the third layer identified medium sandwhich is 0.0015 m/day. The using of the proposed pumping well has changed the direction ofgroundwater, especially in the area around the well.