bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The lived experiences of health care professionals regarding visiting restrictions in the emergency department during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A multi‐perspective qualitative study
Authors: Lyu Yang , Yu Han , Gao Fengli , He Xinhua , Crilly Julia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsTo explore the lived experiences of emergency department (ED) healthcare professionals regarding visiting restrictions during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignA qualitative phenomenology study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were undertaken. Participants consisted of 10 physicians, 20 clinical nurses, and three managers, who were purposefully selected from two EDs in China between April and July 2021. Colaizzi's approach guided data analysis.ResultsFour themes arose: (i) burden moral injury, (ii) higher workload to provide and support patient‐ and family‐centered care, (iii) dissatisfied and unsafe healthcare service for patients and families, and (iv) tailoring strategies to provide family‐centered care.Patient or Public ContributionThis study explored the lived experiences of ED health care professionals regarding visiting restrictions during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Noted challenges included communicating with families and ethical decision making. Strategies that support ED clinician welfare, and communication with families are warranted if visiting policy restrictions are continued or re‐introduced.
Online data‐driven control of variable speed wind turbines using the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation approach
Authors: Nouri Manzar Mojtaba , Khaki‐Sedigh A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article presents a data‐driven control algorithm for a variable‐speed wind turbine in the partial load region. The controller is designed and optimized online to capture maximum energy from the wind. The online optimization is based on the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation method (SPSA) that is data‐driven, has a low computational load, and converges rapidly. In the control structure, the generator torque control is activated, and the aerodynamical models and the wind speed value are not required. A suitable cost function is defined, and a time window optimization problem is solved via the SPSA algorithm. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated on a 4.8 MW wind turbine benchmark.
Early splenomegaly and septicaemia in homozygous sickle cell disease: A birth cohort study
Authors: Rankine‐Mullings Angela E. , Logan T. M. , Asnani M. , Serjeant G. R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS) and clinical splenomegaly by 6 months of age appeared at greater risk of invasive infections after 5 years of the Jamaican Cohort Study. We determined whether this risk remained significant over a longer study period, using a more rigorous definition of infection and examining the contribution of potential confounders.MethodsNewborn screening of 100,000 consecutive deliveries during 1973–1981 detected 311 births with HbSS. Age at first clinical splenomegaly was used to categorize 285 of these patients in whom this could be determined: at or before 7 months (early), after 7 months (later), or ‘never’ palpated despite repeated examinations. Infective episodes were confined to ‘first infections confirmed by positive culture’. Using a generalized linear model, the risk of septicaemia was assessed in each group, after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsOf 93 ‘first infections’, 42 occurred in 105 subjects in the ‘early’ group, 49 in 157 subjects in the ‘later’ group, and two in 23 subjects in the ‘never’ group; the observed to expected ratio of 1.42, 0.90 and 0.22 was highly significant (p = .003). Assessed as risk ratios, ‘early’ splenomegaly had a significantly higher risk ratio (RR) for septicaemia (RR = 7.4, confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–50.7, p < .05) when compared to the ‘never’ group adjusting for vaccine exposure and foetal haemoglobin concentration. The most common organisms were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella species, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus.ConclusionEarly clinical splenomegaly in HbSS remains a predictor of septicaemia, defining a group that may require closer monitoring.
Novel semi‐transparent solar cell based on ultrathin multiple Si/Ge quantum wells
Authors: Meddeb Hosni , Götz‐Köhler Maximilian , Flathmann Christoph , Seibt Michael , Gehrke Kai , Vehse Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnlike conventional opaque solar cells, semi‐transparent solar cells enable simultaneous electricity generation and light transmission. Along with solar energy harvesting, the offered multiple functionalities of these technologies, such as aesthetic appearance, visual comfort and thermal management, open diverse integration opportunities into versatile technological applications. In this work, the first demonstration of a novel semi‐transparent solar cell based on ultrathin hydrogenated amorphous Si/Ge multiple quantum wells (MQW) is reported. Through optoelectronic modelling, the advantages of ultrathin MQW as photoactive material to overcome the intrinsic limitations of thin (20 nm) and ultrathin (2.5 nm) single quantum well (SQW) counterparts are explained. This allows extra degree of freedom for both optical design and bandgap engineering. Mainly, the multiplication of the QWs number in a periodic configuration, taking advantage of effective synergy between electronic and photonic confinements, leads to an improvement of photocurrent, while preserving high voltage and fill factor and ensuring significant transparency. The MQW new concept yields a boost in power conversion efficiency up to 3.4% and a considerable average visible transmission of about 33%. A light utilization efficiency above 1.1% is achieved, which can be considered as one of the highest among inorganic semi‐transparent solar cell technologies. The successful demonstration of ultrathin semi‐transparent Si/Ge MQW solar cells indicates the promising integration potential of this emerging photovoltaic technology for supplying systems in relevant applications such as in buildings, vehicles and greenhouses.
The number of falls recalled in the past year and balance confidence predict the frequency of injurious falls by unilateral lower limb prosthesis users
Authors: Tobaigy Moaz , Hafner Brian J. , Sawers Andrew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionSeveral personal characteristics have been associated with an increased risk of injurious falls by lower limb prosthesis (LLP) users. To date, however, none have been used to effectively predict the occurrence of injurious falls.ObjectiveTo develop a model that could predict the number of injurious falls over the next 6 months and identify fall‐related circumstances that may increase the odds of a fall being injurious in unilateral LLP users.DesignA secondary analysis of a prospective observational study.SettingResearch laboratory.ParticipantsSixty unilateral LLP users with a transtibial or transfemoral amputation.InterventionNot applicable.Main outcome measure(s)Participants' characteristics were recorded at baseline. Falls and their circumstances and consequences were collected prospectively over 6 months via monthly telephone calls. Multivariate negative binomial regression was used to predict the number of injurious falls over the next 6 months in LLP users. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were derived to determine the risk of an injurious fall. Bivariate logistic regression was used to identify the associations between injurious falls and fall‐related circumstances. Odds ratios (ORs) were derived to characterize the odds that a fall would be injurious.ResultsThe final multivariate model, which included the number of falls recalled in the past year (IRR = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.71, p = .045) and balance confidence (p = .120), predicted the number of injurious falls in the next 6 months (χ2 (2) = 8.15, p = .017). Two fall‐related circumstances were found to increase the odds that a fall would be injurious, fatigue due to activity (OR = 13.5, 95% CI: 3.50–52.3, p = .001), and tiredness from a lack of sleep (OR = 5.36, 95% CI: 1.22–23.6, p = .026).ConclusionThe results suggest that the number of falls recalled in the past year and balance confidence scores predict the number of injurious falls an LLP user will experience in the next 6 months.
Impact of added ligand oxides in the sulfoxidation of phenylmercaptoacetic acids with oxovanadium(IV)‐salen complexes
Authors: Kavitha Chendurpandi , Subramaniam Perumal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe mechanistic aspects covering the effect of added ligand oxides, picoline N‐oxide (PicNO), pyridine N‐oxide (PyNO), and triphenyl phosphine oxide (TPPO) on the selective sulfoxidation of phenylmercaptoacetic acids to PSAA by H2O2 catalyzed by oxovanadium(IV)‐salen complexes have been studied spectrophotometrically in 100% acetonitrile medium. Hydroperoxovanadium(V)‐salen is the reactive species in this sulfoxidation. The rate of sulfoxidation is found to be enhanced significantly by increasing the concentrations of PMAA, salen, and H2O2. The ascertained order of reactivity among the oxovanadium(IV)‐salen complexes is 5,5′‐dimethyl > unsubstituted salen > 5,5′‐dichloro. The reaction is found to be impeded by the addition of ligand oxide and introduction of substituents in PMAA. The observed order of rate retardation among ligand oxides is TPPO < PyNO < PicNO. Downward Hammett plot obtained has been rationalized by change in rate‐determining step from coordination of PMAA to active species for electron‐withdrawing substituents to transfer of oxygen to PMAA for electron‐donating substituents within the same mechanism.
A reliability analysis for electronic devices under an extension of exponentiated perks distribution
Authors: Méndez‐González Luis Carlos , Rodríguez‐Picón Luis Alberto , Pérez‐Olguin Ivan Juan Carlos , Garcia Vicente , Quezada‐Carreón Abel Eduardo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a reliability analysis for electronic devices (ED) with bathtub curve‐shaped failure times. An extension of the exponentiated perks distribution (EPD) is proposed for the analysis. The extension of this new distribution is based on the Alpha Power Transformation, so the Alpha Exponentiated Perks Distribution (AEXP) is introduced. The AEXP has three shape parameters and one scale parameter, allowing greater flexibility to represent failure rates in an increasing, decreasing, or bathtub curve form. Some useful properties in the reliability engineering context are presented. AEXP parameters were estimated via the Maximum Likelihood Method. Finally, two case studies focused on ED are used to compare the proposed distribution and other distributions with similar failure rate representation properties. The obtained results show that the AEXP better describes the behavior of ED than the distributions considered in the analysis.
Psoriasis and Sexuality: Patients Express Their Feelings
Authors: Salle Romain , Halioua Bruno , Le Fur Gaëlle , Aubert Roberte , Shourick Jason , Taieb Charles 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
In France, psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. For several years now, particular attention has been given to the quality of life (Qol) of psoriasis patients. Sexual dysfunction (SD) defined as not wanting or enjoying sexual experience is an important component of Qol. Psoriasis through its physical symptoms and psychological consequences can thus be responsible for SD.

Method
The survey participants were recruited through the national psoriasis dermatitis patient association.

Result
41% (577) patients reported having SD related to their psoriasis. Women reported significantly more SD than men (387 [44.7%] vs. 190 [35%], p &lt; 0.001). For 396 (28.1%) patients SD due to their psoriasis manifested as a reduction in the frequency of sexual activity, for 207 (14.7%) as change in their sexual practice, and for 284 (27.4%) as an absence of sexual activity without significant difference between women and men. The main consequence of sexual difficulties for patients was loss of self-confidence in 627 (44.5%) cases, guilt in 209 (14.8%) cases, couple life impairment in 214 (15.2%) cases, isolation in 260 (18.5%) cases and frustration.

Discussion
In this study investigating SD related to psoriasis, we found that the disease impact sexual relations of 41% of patients of both gender. The main causes of SD were both physical alone and psychological alone, in the same proportions. The physical symptoms of psoriasis are therefore not the only ones responsible for the sexual discomfort reported from patients in their sexual relations. This may be due to a discomfort of the patient or the physician when talking about sexuality because they can't find the terms to talk about this subject often considered taboo and the age or gender difference. This aspect of the disease should be considered by physicians who care for patients with psoriasis, especially dermatologists. Finally, other strategies should be implemented, such as patient talk groups, referral guides or personalised therapeutic education.
Experimental evaluation of composite and non‐composite columns and braces in special concentrically braced frames
Authors: Ebrahimi Samira , Mirghaderi Seyed Rasoul , Zahrai Seyed Mehdi 
Published: December 2022

SummaryHollow structural section (HSS) and concrete‐filled tube (CFT) cross‐sections have been widely employed in the columns and braces of special concentrically braced frames (SCBFs). Square‐HSS cross‐section widely used in multistory frames is filled with concrete and converted to square‐CFT cross‐section to enhance the behavior of this cross‐section. However, some investigations indicated that circular‐HSS cross‐section filled with concrete (circular‐CFT) showed better behavior in comparison with square‐CFT cross‐section due to more uniform and larger concrete confinement in circular‐CFT cross‐section. The current study was experimentally undertaken to evaluate (1) the seismic performance and the global and local hysteresis responses of HSS and CFT members with various cross‐section shapes from initial elastic range to collapse in the system level of multistory SCBFs, (2) the behavioral differences between square cross‐section and circular cross‐section, and (3) the behavioral differences between HSS cross‐sections and CFT cross‐sections employed in the columns and braces of SCBFs. Four full‐scale one‐bay, two‐story SCBFs with four various cross‐sections, namely, square‐HSS, circular‐HSS, square‐CFT, and circular‐CFT, for columns and braces were subjected to cyclic lateral loading. Evaluating base shear–roof drift hysteretic loops of SCBF specimens demonstrated that SCBF specimens with CFT columns and braces (CFT‐SCBFs) experienced respectively around 107%, 58%, 28%, and 152% higher stiffness, post‐yielding and post‐buckling strengths, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity than SCBF specimens with HSS columns and braces (HSS‐SCBF). In addition, the experimental observations indicated that CFT braces experienced local buckling initiation, crack initiation, and fracture at respectively 2.22, 2.35, and 2.32 times of roof drifts of those exhibited by HSS braces. Moreover, assessing braces with various cross‐sections indicated that CFT braces showed an increase in compression strength, post‐buckling strength, compression axial deformation, and out‐of‐plane buckling approximately by 83%, 152%, 127%, and 100%, respectively, in comparison with HSS braces. Finally, square‐HSS/CFT braces sustained rupture propagation better than circular‐HSS/CFT braces.
Impact of deer management cooperative implementation on white‐tailed deer harvest behaviors
Authors: Pruitt Hunter P. , Boley B. Bynum , D'Angelo Gino J. , McConnell Mark D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSince the early 1980s, Quality Deer Management (QDM) has been used widely to manage populations of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the United States. Since 2000, QDM has been a catalyst behind a suite of deer management cooperatives (DMCs) forming across the United States. Although QDM has grown in popularity among North American deer hunters, large‐scale implementation of multi‐landowner DMCs relies on voluntary changes to implement structured hunter harvest behavior to achieve management goals. Therefore, a national review of how DMCs influence harvest behavior of hunters and if the DMC model works to accomplish deer management goals is warranted. We assessed if DMCs change the harvest behavior of their members, and if factors such as state, motivations, and length of membership influence change in hunter behavior. Results from our survey of 459 DMC members across 5 U.S. states found that DMC members' harvest behavior changed after joining their DMC. Deer management cooperative members reported they were more likely to harvest does, less likely to harvest yearling males, and more likely to pass on the harvest of a 3.5 year old (or younger) males after joining the DMC. When analyzed at the state level, Texas and Georgia saw the largest gains in perceived hunt quality (2.5 point gain on 1–7 scale) and QDM implementation. Motivations for joining the DMC had little impact, but length of membership influenced hunt behavior with more tenured members (>5 years of membership) being more likely to follow QDM practices. Our results suggest that DMCs serve stakeholders by increasing perceived hunt quality, assisting agency personnel with non‐regulatory avenues to address management goals, and developing a community engaged with local wildlife management. Deer management cooperatives occupy the critical nexus of agency needs and private landowner deer management objectives, often at scales larger than a single private landowner, that are necessary for effectively managing wild deer populations. Although DMCs may not be widely implemented, they may address a myriad of management objectives that public and private stakeholders desire.
A behavioral economic assessment of the role of stakeholder preferences in managing an infectious wildlife disease
Authors: Ufer Danielle J. , Christensen Sonja A. , Pomeranz Emily , Ortega David L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervid populations poses substantial economic costs, and its management is resource intensive. Control of CWD is often subject to stakeholder‐dependent strategies that require active support and participation. The development of effective CWD management strategies and policies hinges on understanding stakeholder preferences, values and decision‐making behavior. Here we provide a basis for understanding the economic impacts of CWD, which are key to developing effective management strategies. We analyze stakeholder incentives from an economic perspective and discuss the effectiveness of prior management and eradication strategies. Our analysis discusses the integration of behavioral economics into evaluations of stakeholder preferences and its effect on decision‐making to produce optimal policy and management outcomes.
Assessment of screening mineral wool waste from market by using handheld X‐ray fluorescence
Authors: Wolfs Sandra , Dekkers Rob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStone wool from construction, renovation, demolition and horticultural applications is reclaimed for reuse and recycling. Variation of chemical composition of reclaimed material creates a challenge, especially with increasing quantities from construction and demolition sectors. Therefore, an assessment of handheld/portable X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer was carried out with the objective to quickly discriminate various type of man‐made vitreous fibres (MMVF). The evaluation concerned mainly light element analysis. Therefore, the effect of disturbing factors, such as moisture, organic matter, surface roughness and sample density were evaluated. Direct measurement on mineral wool product or granulate gives a precision of ±1.5% for Al2O3 and ±2.1% for SiO2 after calibration. Precision is enhanced by preparing pressed pellets, resulting in precision down to ±0.9% for Al2O3 and ±1.5% for SiO2 after correction. Provided correctly calibrated, handheld XRF analysis gives a quick indication, though not necessarily conclusive, whether the reclaimed material applies to so called “old wool,” manufactured prior to the EU legislation requiring increased bio‐solubility. A quick indication is very relevant for the renovation and demolition sector and subsequent re‐use or recycling of mineral wool because it affects transport and handling requirements. In case the analysis is not obviously discriminative, desktop analysis is still required. Presence of moisture and organic matter influence the detection of lighter elements, which especially affects analysis of horticultural recycling substrate granulate.
B Lab and the Process of Certificating B Corps
Authors: Montiel Vargas Ana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to analyze certain aspects of certified B Corporations (known as B Corps), a type of company that orients its activity toward the achievement of objectives that transcend economic ones. These companies are part of the “B movement,” promoted by B Lab, which is a non-profit organization that certifies the social and environmental impact of these entities with its own measurement system. This study introduces this business phenomenon and explores the origin, evolution, and expansion of B Corps in different countries worldwide. Additionally, it examines the process of obtaining certification as a B Corp by measuring the impact on different stakeholders: the government, workers, community, environment, and clients. Finally, different aspects of notable interest in the legal terms of this private certification are highlighted.
Social Enterprises and Tax: Living Apart Together?
Authors: Hemels Sigrid 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter examines the complex relationship between social enterprises and taxation. The focus is not on a specific country, although various examples are mentioned. As specific tax measures for social enterprises are a form of tax incentives, the chapter discusses this public finance concept. In addition, an important legal constraint on introducing such incentives for social enterprises in the European Union (EU) is discussed: the prohibition of state aid. From an analysis of the taxation of profits of social enterprises, it turns out that only a few countries have implemented tax incentives to further social enterprise models. Some social enterprises may meet the charity definition and thus benefit from tax incentives for charities. The drawback might be that it may require social enterprises to use next best legal forms. The chapter also discusses the relevant tax aspects for funders of social enterprises. Tax rules can especially be detrimental to the funding of high-risk social enterprises. Social enterprises also encounter value-added tax (VAT) issues. The VAT that applies in the EU has been copied (with variations) by many non-EU Member States. For that reason, this chapter focusses on the EU VAT legislation as included in the VAT. Problems emerging from the impossibility to deduct input VAT can best be solved outside the VAT framework.
Manifestly SL(2, R) Duality-Symmetric Forms in ModMax Theory
Authors: Babaei-Aghbolagh H. , Velni Komeil Babaei , Yekta Davood Mahdavian , Mohammadzadeh H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we will investigate a manifestly SL(2, R)-invariant structure for the energy-momentum tensor of ModMax theory as a nonlinear modification of Maxwell electrodynamics which includes conformal invariance as well. In the context of this theory, we show that the energy-momentum tensor of the generalized Born-Infeld theory can also be written in the same invariant form. We will find manifestly duality-invariant parts of the actions corresponding to the invariant couplings λ and γ in these theories. It can be shown that the resultant actions correspond to the irrelevant and marginal $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

-like deformations, respectively.