bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphometric Analysis and Prioritization of Watershed for Water Management using Weighted Sum Approach and Geospatial Tools: A Case Study of Harohar Sub-basin, India
Authors: Kumari Arti , Upadhyaya Ashutosh , Jeet Pawan , Ahmed Akram , Prakash Ved , Suna Truptimayee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order to address current global water shortages, geovisualization tools such as remote sensing and geographic information systems aid planners and decision makers in generating more effective and correct judgments for the execution of water harvesting activities for the maximum utilization of rainwater. Keeping in view, a weighted sum approach technique was used to infer hydrological behavior and priorities at watershed level in the Harohar sub-basin of middle Gangetic plains. It was observed that monsoon rainfall (1.7 mm year-1) and post-monsoon rainfall (0.6 mm year-1) has been declined whereas pre-monsoon rainfall (1.5 mm year-1) has significantly increased over the period 1985-2019. Furthermore, morphometric, slope, hydrological, geomorphological, and lithological variations results revealed that 56.30% of areas are prioritized as very high, followed by high (30.5%), and only 2-7% of areas fall under very low to low priority for construction of rain water harvesting structures. Water harvesting facilities such as farm ponds, check dams, tanks, aharpynes, and conservation ditches might be offered in prioritized locations for optimum utilization of surface runoff and ground water recharge. Based on the above scientific findings, this study may be helpful in water resource planning at the basin/watershed level across the globe
Laser spectroscopic method for remote sensing of respiratory rate
Authors: Bachir Wesam , Ismael Fatimah Samie , Alaineya Nour Hasan Arry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNoncontact sensing methods for measuring vital signs have recently gained interest, particularly for long-term monitoring. This study introduces a new method for measuring respiratory rate remotely. The proposed method is based on the reflection of a laser beam off a striped card attached to a moving platform simulating chest wall displacements. A wide range of frequencies (n = 35) from 0.06 to 2.2 Hz corresponding to both normal and pathological human respiratory rates were simulated using a moving mechanical platform. Reflected spectra (n = 105) were collected by a spectrometer in a dynamic mode. Fourier analysis was performed to retrieve the breathing frequency. The results show a striking agreement between measurements and reference frequencies. The results also show that low frequencies corresponding to respiratory rates can be detected with high accuracy (uncertainty is well below 5%). A validation test of the measuring method on a human subject demonstrated a great potential for remote respiration rate monitoring of adults and neonates in a clinical environment.
Mainstreaming Decentralization and Collaboration in Disaster Risk Management: Insights from Coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Quader Mohammad Abdul , Khan Amanat Ullah , Malak Md. Abdul , Kervyn Matthieu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBangladesh is renowned in disaster risk reduction (DRR) for active involvement of community people and local disaster management institutions in DRR activities. Our study aimed to describe the disaster risk management (DRM) institutions and assess their functioning in six coastal unions across the three coastal zones of Bangladesh. Both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. The study focused on two key local institutions—the Union Disaster Management Committees (UDMCs) and the Cyclone Preparedness Program (CPP)—functioning at the union level in DRM. Such institutions have both horizontal and vertical collaborations with other institutions. However, we argue that the UDMCs’ external dependencies in their functioning indicate their limited financial and administrative autonomy, which is a barrier to successfully institutionalizing disaster management. The results show that the CPP is the most successful program, markedly increasing the trust of the people in warning dissemination and evacuation efforts in the event of a cyclone. Although the adoption of decentralized risk management systems has resulted in significant progress in increased rate of evacuation and reduced death rate and damage, lack of funding and equipment, limited coordination between institutions, lack of skilled and knowledgeable workforce, and inappropriate power structures may reduce the effectiveness of DRR activities prior to, during, and following disasters.
An Urban Road Risk Assessment Framework Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Jiang Juncai , Wang Fei , Wang Yizhao , Jiang Wenyu , Qiao Yuming , Bai Wenfeng , Zheng Xinxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn contemporary cities, road collapse is one of the most common disasters. This study proposed a framework for assessing the risk of urban road collapse. The framework first established a risk indicator system that combined environmental and anthropogenic factors, such as soil type, pipeline, and construction, as well as other indicators. Second, an oversampling technique was used to create the dataset. The framework then constructed and trained a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model for risk assessment. The experimental results show that the CNN model (accuracy: 0.97, average recall: 0.91) outperformed other models. The indicator contribution analysis revealed that the distance between the road and the construction site (contribution: 0.132) and the size of the construction (contribution: 0.144) are the most significant factors contributing to road collapse. According to the natural breaks, a road collapse risk map of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, was created, and the risk level was divided into five categories. Nearly 3% of the roads in the study area are at very high risk, and 6% are at high risk levels, with the high risk roads concentrated in the east and southeast. The risk map produced by this study can be utilized by local authorities and policymakers to help maintain road safety.
Models for the long-term variations of solar activity
Authors: Karak Bidya Binay 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne obvious feature of the solar cycle is its variation from one cycle to another. In this article, we review the dynamo models for the long-term variations of the solar cycle. By long-term variations, we mean the cycle modulations beyond the 11-year periodicity and these include, the Gnevyshev–Ohl/Even–Odd rule, grand minima, grand maxima, Gleissberg cycle, and Suess cycles. After a brief review of the observed data, we present the dynamo models for the solar cycle. By carefully analyzing the dynamo models and the observed data, we identify the following broad causes for the modulation: (1) magnetic feedback on the flow, (2) stochastic forcing, and (3) time delays in various processes of the dynamo. To demonstrate each of these causes, we present the results from some illustrative models for the cycle modulations and discuss their strengths and weakness. We also discuss a few critical issues and their current trends. The article ends with a discussion of our current state of ignorance about comparing detailed features of the magnetic cycle and the large-scale velocity from the dynamo models with robust observations.
Centring the voices of schools in widening participation discourse: how building closer partnerships with educators can benefit WP providers’ practice
Authors: Canovan Cherry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany organisations in the UK work with schools to try to increase the numbers of young people from underrepresented groups progressing to higher education. However, public debate about the efficacy of these programmes rarely centres the views of schools themselves, often giving the sense that schools are passive recipients of these activities rather than key stakeholders. This study begins to rectify this omission by conducting a series of interviews gathering in-depth information from school representatives about their views on, and interactions with, external widening participation providers. Participants had a range of ideas as to how interventions could be improved and made more impactful, and also pinpointed areas of difficulty, including target pupil selection and quality of some providers’ delivery. Schools expressed a sense of overload in dealing with numerous approaches from external providers and wished for more access to ‘filter’ mechanisms to provide quality assurance; however, some also wished to work more closely with known organisations. It was also notable that none of the schools were working with providers to evaluate the impact of activities. Our findings demonstrate that listening to the voice of the school has the potential to make outreach activities more impactful.
Searching for Situational Patterns in Cannabis Dealing, Possession and Use in a Scandinavian Context
Authors: Ceccato Vania , Ioannidis Ioannis , Magnusson Mia-Maria 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough cannabis is the most frequent illicit drug consumed in Sweden, little is known about the situations in which cannabis trade, possession and use occur. Following a recent strand of international research on the effect of recreational drugs on crime, this study uses a unique specially tailored database, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and regression models, to investigate the situational conditions of cannabis offenses as they are detected in Stockholm, Sweden. Cannabis coincides with the location of drug markets initially delimited by the police but also extends over to locations far from the radar of the police, such as private residences (comfort places). Modeling results indicate that several land uses (convergent public places) have significant predictive value of the geography of cannabis offenses after controlling for other neighborhood characteristics. The article finishes by stating new research questions and making recommendations for practice.
Effectiveness of Psychological First Aid E-learning on the Competence and Empathy of Nurses in Disasters: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sadegh Madani Seyyed Mohammad , Bahramnejad Ali , Farsi Zahra , Alizadeh Azizeh , Rajai Nahid , Azizi Maryam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to determine the effect of psychological first-aid (PFA) E-learning on the competence and empathy of nurses in disasters.Methods:In a randomized controlled trial, 50 nurses were randomly assigned to 2 intervention and control groups, and psychological first-aid training sessions were implemented for the intervention group. The data were collected using the personal information form, a researcher-made questionnaire to measure competence, and the Davis Empathy Questionnaire.Results:Two groups were homogeneous in terms of competency (P= 0.691) and empathy (P= 0.363) in the preintervention phase. The intervention group had more competence in the next stage than before the intervention (P< 0.0001). In the post-intervention phase, the intervention group had more competence compared with the control group (P< 0.0001). The overall effect size of PFA E-learning training on the nurses’ competency was 1.9. Regarding empathy, in the post-intervention phase, the subscale of personal distress (P= 0.014) was significantly lower in the intervention group and the perspective-taking subscale was higher than in the control group (P< 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of all scores of empathy and the subscale of empathic concern (P> 0.05). The overall effect size of PFA E-learning training on the nurses’ empathy was 0.44.Conclusions:It is suggested to provide training, including a PFA E-learning model, for nurses and other therapists in disaster situations.
Learnings From a National Cyberattack Digital Disaster During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in a Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department
Authors: Leonard Fiona , O’Reilly Hugh , Blackburn Carol , Melody Laura , Hall Dani , Ryan Eleanor , Bruton Kate , Doyle Pamela , Conway Bridget , Barrett Michael 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The primary objective was to analyze the impact of the national cyberattack in May 2021 on patient flow and data quality in the Paediatric Emergency Department (ED), amid the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods:
A single site retrospective time series analysis was conducted of three 6-week periods: before, during, and after the cyberattack outage. Initial emergent workflows are described. Analysis includes diagnoses, demographic context, key performance indicators, and the gradual return of information technology capability on ED performance. Data quality was compared using 10 data quality dimensions.

Results:
Patient visits totaled 13 390. During the system outage, patient experience times decreased significantly, from a median of 188 minutes (pre-cyberattack) down to 166 minutes, most notable for the period from registration to triage, and from clinician review to discharge (excluding admitted patients). Following system restoration, most timings increased. Data quality was significantly impacted, with data imperfections noted in 19.7% of data recorded during the system outage compared to 4.7% before and 5.1% after.

Conclusions:
There was a reduction in patient experience time, but data quality suffered greatly. A hospital’s major emergency plan should include provisions for digital disasters that address essential data requirements and quality as well as maintaining patient flow.
A non-periodic indefinite variational problem in ℝN with critical exponent
Authors: Amaral Costa Gustavo S. do , Figueiredo Giovany M. , Junior José Carlos de O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider the non-linear Schrödinger equation
(Pμ)\begin{equation*}
\begin{array}{lc}
-\Delta u + V(x) u = \mu f(u) + |u|^{2^*-2}u, &
\end{array}
\end{equation*}in $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N\geq3$, where V changes sign and $f(s)/s$, s ≠ 0, is bounded, with V non-periodic in x. The existence of a solution is established employing spectral theory, a general linking theorem due to [12] and interaction between translated solutions of the problem at infinity with some qualitative properties of them.
Preferred information and delivery methods for weed management extension in Virginia
Authors: Pittman Kara B. , Russell Eli C. , Flessner Michael L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe goal of weed science extension efforts are to encourage and accelerate adoption of diverse, effective, and economical management tactics. To be most successful and efficient, extension personnel need to know how growers prefer to receive information, the format in which the information is delivered, and areas that future extension research should focus on. To this end, surveys were distributed at crop and forage extension meetings in Virginia. The results from 249 responses indicate that both crop and forage producers have similar preferences. Agribusiness personnel (e.g., co-ops, suppliers, vendors, crop consultants, sales representatives) had the greatest influence on herbicide-purchasing decisions and were the primary source of information for producers who make weed management decisions, and thus should be a target audience of extension. Respondents said that economic assessments, weed control data, and yield data are most likely to influence changes in their management practices and that they would prefer to receive that information through traditional extension formats (presentations, publications, and on-farm demonstrations). Generally, respondents also indicated that they wanted extension efforts to focus on evaluating new herbicides for weed control and crop safety in the future over alternative nonherbicidal weed control methods. Therefore, extension personnel are likely to be more successful by including herbicides in the practice of integrated weed management rather than relying solely on nonchemical approaches.
The Four‐Dimensional Variational Neustrelitz Electron Density Assimilation Model: NEDAM
Authors: Yuan L. , Hoque M. M. , Kodikara Timothy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the development of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and regional augmentation systems, the influence of the ionosphere on GNSS signals is becoming increasingly important. It is also of particular interest to retrieve the electron density distribution from GNSS observations. We have successfully developed a four‐dimensional variational assimilation scheme, the Neustrelitz Electron Density Assimilation Model (NEDAM), and verified NEDAM by a simulation study using a European ground‐based GNSS network. The performance of NEDAM is validated using two ionosondes and COSMIC‐1 radio occultation observations during the September 2017 geomagnetic storm period. The critical frequency of the F2 layer in NEDAM is much more accurate than that of a physics‐based model driven by observed geophysical indices or the Neustrelitz Electron Density Model (NEDM), when compared to data from two ionosondes. During the storm, the root mean square error of the F2‐layer critical frequency with respect to the two ionosondes is improved by 0.54 and 0.42 MHz, respectively. We also compare two co‐located electron density profiles from the COSMIC‐1 mission with NEDAM and NEDM. It is found that NEDAM is able to reconstruct well not only the peak density but also the peak density height, which is missing in the previous research.
Small, Coastal Temperate Rainforest Watersheds Dominate Dissolved Organic Carbon Transport to the Northeast Pacific Ocean
Authors: McNicol G. , Hood E. , Butman D. E. , Tank S. E. , Giesbrecht I. J. W. , Floyd W. , D’Amore D. , Fellman J. B. , Cebulski A. , Lally A. , McSorley H. , Gonzalez Arriola S. G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe northeast Pacific Coastal Temperate Rainforest (NPCTR) extending from southeast Alaska to northern California is characterized by high precipitation and large stores of recently fixed biological carbon. We show that 3.5 Tg‐C yr−1 as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is exported from the NPCTR drainage basin to the coastal ocean. More than 56% of this riverine DOC flux originates from thousands of small (mean = 118 km2), coastal watersheds comprising 22% of the NPCTR drainage basin. The average DOC yield from NPCTR coastal watersheds (6.20 g‐C m−2 yr−1) exceeds that from Earth's tropical regions by roughly a factor of three. The highest yields occur in small, coastal watersheds in the central NPCTR due to the balance of moderate temperature, high precipitation, and high soil organic carbon stocks. These findings indicate DOC export from NPCTR watersheds may play an important role in regional‐scale heterotrophy within near‐shore marine ecosystems in the northeast Pacific.
NPM1 mutation reprograms leukemic transcription network via reshaping TAD topology
Authors: Lai Qian , Hamamoto Karina , Luo Huacheng , Zaroogian Zachary , Zhou Caixian , Lesperance Julia , Zha Jie , Qiu Yi , Guryanova Olga A. , Huang Suming , Xu Bing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractC-terminal mutation of Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1C+) was thought to be a primary driving event in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that reprograms leukemic-associated transcription programs to transform hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, molecular mechanisms underlying NPM1C+-driven leukemogenesis remain elusive. Here, we report that NPM1C+ activates signature HOX genes and reprograms cell cycle regulators by altering CTCF-driven topologically associated domains (TADs). Hematopoietic-specific NPM1C+ knock-in alters TAD topology leading to disrupted regulation of the cell cycle as well as aberrant chromatin accessibility and homeotic gene expression, which results in myeloid differentiation block. Restoration of NPM1 within the nucleus re-establishes differentiation programs by reorganizing TADs critical for myeloid TFs and cell cycle regulators that switch the oncogenic MIZ1/MYC regulatory axis in favor of interacting with coactivator NPM1/p300, and prevents NPM1C+-driven leukemogenesis. In sum, our data reveal that NPM1C+ reshapes CTCF-defined TAD topology to reprogram signature leukemic transcription programs required for cell cycle progression and leukemic transformation.
TRIM28 promotes the escape of gastric cancer cells from immune surveillance by increasing PD-L1 abundance
Authors: Ma Xiaoxiao , Jia Shuqin , Wang Gangjian , Liang Min , Guo Ting , Du Hong , Li Sisi , Li Xiaomei , Huangfu Longtao , Guo Jianping , Xing Xiaofang , Ji Jiafu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) offers a new opportunity for treatment for gastric cancer (G.C.). Understanding the upstream regulation of immune checkpoints is crucial to further improve the efficacy of ICB therapy. Herein, using the CRISPR-Cas9-based genome-wide screening, we identified TRIM28 as one of the most significant regulators of PD-L1, a checkpoint protein, in G.C. cells. Mechanistically, TRIM28 directly binds to and stabilizes PD-L1 by inhibiting PD-L1 ubiquitination and promoting PD-L1 SUMOylation. Furthermore, TRIM28 facilitates K63 polyubiquitination of TBK1, activating TBK1-IRF1 and TBK1-mTOR pathways, resulting in enhanced PD-L1 transcription. It was found that TRIM28 was positively correlated with PD-L1 in G.C. cells. Moreover, high TRIM28 expression suggests poor survival in a cohort of 466 patients with G.C., and this observation is consistent while analyzing data from publicly available databases. Ectopic TRIM28 expression facilitated tumor growth, increased PD-L1 expression, and suppressed T cell activation in mice. Administration of the PD-L1 or TBK1 inhibitor significantly alleviated the TRIM28-induced tumor progression. Furthermore, combining the TBK1 inhibitor with CTLA4 immune checkpoint blockade has synergistic effects on G.C., and provides a novel strategy for G.C. therapy.
TRIM29 hypermethylation drives esophageal cancer progression via suppression of ZNF750
Authors: Yi Qiyi , Zhao Yujia , Xia Ran , Wei Qinqin , Chao Fengmei , Zhang Rui , Bian Po , Lv Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEsophageal cancer (ESCA) is the seventh most frequent and deadly neoplasm. Due to the lack of early diagnosis and high invasion/metastasis, the prognosis of ESCA remains very poor. Herein, we identify skin-related signatures as the most deficient signatures in invasive ESCA, which are regulated by the transcription factor ZNF750. Of note, we find that TRIM29 level strongly correlated with the expression of many genes in the skin-related signatures, including ZNF750. TRIM29 is significantly down-regulated due to hypermethylation of its promoter in both ESCA and precancerous lesions compared to normal tissues. Low TRIM29 expression and high methylation levels of its promoter are associated with malignant progression and poor clinical outcomes in ESCA patients. Functionally, TRIM29 overexpression markedly hinders proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of esophageal cancer cells, whereas opposing results are observed when TRIM29 is silenced in vitro. In addition, TRIM29 inhibits metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, TRIM29 downregulation suppresses the expression of the tumor suppressor ZNF750 by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway. Overall, our study demonstrates that TRIM29 expression and its promoter methylation status could be potential early diagnostic and prognostic markers. It highlights the role of the TRIM29-ZNF750 signaling axis in modulating tumorigenesis and metastasis of esophageal cancer.