bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude, practice, and fear level of Bangladeshi students toward Covid-19 after a year of the pandemic situation: A web-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Rupok Tahsin Ahmed , Dey Sunandan , Agarwala Rashni , Islam Md. Nurnobi , Bostami Bayezid 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
In the earlier phase of the pandemic situation, the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) badly suffered to adhere their people to preventive measures probably due to less knowledge and attitude toward Covid-19. To tackle the second wave of coronavirus, the GoB has again enforced an array of preventive measures, but still encountering the same problem after a year of the pandemic situation. As an attempt to find out the reasons behind this, our study aimed to assess the present knowledge and fear level regarding Covid-19, and attitude and practice of students toward Covid-19 preventive measures (CPM).

Methods
A cross-sectional study was designed and conducted from 15th to 25th April 2021. A total of 382 participants met all the inclusion criteria and were considered for performing all the statistical analyses (Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Multiple logistic regression, Spearman rank-order correlation).

Results
All the participants were students aged 16 to 30 years. 84.8%, and 22.3% of participants had respectively more accurate knowledge, and moderate to high fear level regarding Covid-19. And, 66%, and 55% of participants had more positive attitude, and more frequent practice toward CPM, respectively. Knowledge, attitude, practice, and fear were interrelated directly or indirectly. It was found knowledgeable participants were more likely to have more positive attitude (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.23–4.47, P < 0.01) and very little fear (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.10–4.26, P < 0.05). More positive attitude was found as a good predictor of more frequent practice (AOR = 4.00, 95% CI = 2.44–6.56, P < 0.001), and very less fear had negative impact on both attitude (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.23–0.84, P < 0.01) and practice (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.26–0.84, P < 0.01).

Conclusions
The findings reflect that students had appreciable knowledge and very little fear, but disappointedly had average attitude and practice toward Covid-19 prevention. In addition, students lacked confidence that Bangladesh would win the battle against Covid-19. Thus, based on our study findings we recommend that policymakers should be more focused to scale up students’ confidence and attitude toward CPM by developing and implementing well-conceived plan of actions besides insisting them to practice CPM.
Single-Donor and Pooling Strategies for Fecal Microbiota Transfer Product Preparation in Ulcerative Colitis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Levast Benoît , Fontaine Mathieu , Nancey Stéphane , Dechelotte Pierre , Doré Joël , Lehert Philippe 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have a less diverse microbiome than healthy subjects. Multiple studies have evaluated fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) in these patients using different methods of product preparation, doses, and routes of administration. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to compare the efficacy of single-donor (SDN) and multi-donor (MDN) strategies for product preparation.

METHODS:
Systematic searches were performed in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Orbit Intelligence for studies comparing FMT products manufactured using SDN or MDN strategies to placebo in patients with UC. Fourteen controlled studies were selected for meta-analysis (10 randomized and 4 non-randomized). The treatment response was assessed by using fixed and random effects models and the significance of the indirect difference between the interventions was assessed using a network approach.

RESULTS:
Considering all 14 studies, MDN and SDN were superior to placebo in terms of treatment response (risk ratios (RRs): 4.41 and 1.57, respectively (P≤0.001 for both)), and MDN was superior to SDN (RR: 2.81, P=0.005). Meta-analysis of the 10 studies with high quality of evidence showed that MDN was superior to SDN in terms of treatment response (RR: 2.31, P=0.042). Results were identical for both models.

CONCLUSIONS:
There was a significant clinical benefit (remission) for patients with UC who received FMT with products manufactured by MDN strategies. Reduction of donor effect may lead to a gain in microbial diversity that could improve response to treatment. These results may have implications in the treatment approach of other diseases amenable to microbiome manipulation.
Cyclic Cushing’s syndrome: difficulties of diagnostic search and choice of treatment tactics. A clinical case
Authors: Dzeranova L. K. , Dorovskikh A. V. , Pigarova E. A. , Lapshina A. M. , Vorotnikova S. Y. , Shutova A. S. , Perepelova M. A. , Grigoriev A. Yu. , Azizyan V. N. 
Published: February 2023

Cyclic Cushing’s syndrome is a pathological condition characterized by alternating periods of excessive cortisol secretion with corresponding clinical manifestations and periods of spontaneous remission of the disease.To diagnose Cyclic Cushing’s syndrome it is necessary to record at least three episodes of excessive cortisol secretion alternating with periods of normalization of its production.In most cases, this pathology is diagnosed in patients with ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor, however, there are rare cases of cyclic hypercorticism with ectopic ACTH secretion by tumors of different localization and without verification of pathological hormonal secretion focus. In addition, cyclic hyperproduction of cortisol can be also observed in ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome associated with the presence of corticosteroma or adrenal hyperplasia. The exact causes and mechanisms of the cyclic hypercorticism are currently insufficiently studied.Due to the atypical course of the disease, the unpredictability of the occurrence of a new «cycle», the variability of its duration and manifestations (not only in different patients, but also in the same patient), verification of the diagnosis and determination of treatment tactics may be difficult in the daily practice of specialists, and the prevalence of this condition can be undervalued.
Puberty induction in boys with congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Kokoreva K. D. , Chugunov I. S. , Kareva M. A. , Bezlepkina O. B. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Gonadotropin therapy in boys with congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism helps to increase testes volume and induce spermatogenesis in comparison with testosterone therapy. However, difficulties with dose titration, partial therapy success, absence of generally accepted regimen protocols don’t allow to use this therapy in order to induce puberty in adolescents with Kallmann syndrome or normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.AIM: To assess the effectiveness of combination hormonal replacement therapy via human chorionic gonadotropin and recombinant follicle stimulation hormone in adolescents with congenital isolated normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and with Kallmann syndromeMATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an open single-center prospective non-controlled study. Boys with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were receiving hormonal replacement therapy for 12 months. Initial dose of human chorionic gonadotropin was 500 IU per week. Initial dose of recombinant follicle stimulation hormone was 37.5 IU per week. Doses were doubled in 6 months. Antropometric data, Tanner stage, testes volumes, inhibin B and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels were evaluated in all the patients before the treatment, after 6 and 12 months of the therapy.RESULTS: 8 boys with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included into the study. Median age before therapy initiation was 15.7 years [15.33; 16.41]. In 12 months after the therapy initiation puberty development, testosterone increase from 0.44 [0.34;0.62] to 4.39 [0.88;10.51] nmol/l (p=0.012), AMH decrease from 35.70 [18.00;59.00] to 14.41 [11.60;16.65] ng/ml were noted in all the patients (p=0.017). Testes volumes increase and inhibin B level increase were not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: Gonadotropin therapy is effective in order to puberty initiation in adolescents with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. In helps to achieve not only androgenization, but also to Sertoli cells maturation.
Use of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute myocardial infarction: safety and impact on glycemic control
Authors: Korotina M. A. , Pochinka I. G. , Strongin L. G. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with diabetes type 2 (T2DM) occurs 1.5–3.0 times higher than in general population. Metformin is contraindicated for patients with T2DM and acute coronary syndrome due to the risk of developing lactic acidosis. Using metformin more than 48 hours of MI is a topical question, which will help to improve patient’s safety.AIM: To evaluate the safety and quality of glycemic control using metformin in patients with T2DM during inpatient treatment for MIMATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 161 patients with T2DM, who were hospitalized consecutively with acute MI with ST-elevation and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Average time of metformin initiation was 5th day from admission. Creatinine was assessed at admission and 48 hours after PCI. The acid-base balance and lactate were assessed at admission and on the 3rd day after the start of using metformin. Criteria for the effectiveness of glycemic control was the proportion of glycemic measurements in target range of 6.1–10.0 mmol/l during hospitalization (“hospital time in range”, hTIR). hTIR >55% was considered to be a critical level. The long-term outcome was estimated at 365 days after hospitalization.RESULTS: Metformin was prescribed to 99 patients (61%) (“M+”group) during the hospitalization, 62 patients were in “M-”group. Use of metformin was accompanied with better glycemic control in the «M+» group compared to the «M-»: mean glycemia 9.3 ± 1.6 vs 10.3 ± 2.3 mmol/l (p=0,002), SD 2.87 ± 1.1 vs 3.26 ± 1.8 (p=0,049), hTIR 60 ± 18% vs 48 ± 23% (p<0,001). There were clinically insignificant changes in acid-base balance on the 3rd day from the start of metformin use in the “M+” group, the lactate level did not increase. Use of metformin before to hospitalization with MI was not associated with an increased risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI): RR 0.85 (0.37–1.96), p=0,691.CONCLUSION: Use of metformin in patients with T2DM and acute MI is associated with better glycemic control. Carrying out angiography in patients, treated with metformin before the hospitalization, is not accompanied by an increased risk of developing AKI. Appointment of metformin in 3–7 days after angiography does not lead to an increase level of lactate and significant deviations in acid-base balance.
Electroencephalogram features in children with congenital hyperinsulinism treated according to the international protocol in Russian Federation
Authors: Sarakaeva L. R. , Ryzhkova D. V. , Mitrofanova L. B. , Bairov V. G. , Sukhotskaya A. A. , Smorodin A. P. , Eftich E. A. , Kelmanson I. A. , Nikitina I. L. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare life-threatening disease characterised by persistent hypoglycaemia as a result of inappropriate insulin secretion, which can lead to irreversible neurological defects in infants.AIM: To evaluate neurophysiological characteristics of central nervous system in children with congenital hyperinsulinism treated according to the international protocol in Russian Federation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our retrospective, prospective cohort study included 73 patients who received treatment for CHI according to the current international protocol at different departments of the Almazov National Medical Research Centre from 2017 to 2022. All patients underwent a comprehensive examination, including electroencephalography (EEG).RESULTS: Among 73 patients with CHI, 35% (23) had focal form of the disease, 65% had non-focal form (49% (39) — diffuse form, 16% (11) — atypical form). All patients with focal form of CHI had a recovery as an outcome.Analysing the EEG data we found that paroxysmal activity was recorded in 23 patients (32%), 50 patients did not have paroxysmal activity (68%). Diffuse changes were observed in 47 patients (64%), whereas 26 patients (36%) were absent of it. By constructing Kaplan-Meier curves we found that the alpha rhythm is formed significantly (p=0.026) earlier in patients with a focal form of CHI.CONCLUSION: CHI patients treated according to the international guidelines in Russian Federation show rather positive neurological outcome. We established that alpha rhythm earliest formation is associated with focal form of CHI.
On the Almgren minimality of the product of a paired calibrated set
and a calibrated manifold of codimension 1
Authors: Liang Xiangyu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this article, we prove the various minimality of the product of a 1-codimensional calibrated manifold and a paired calibrated set. This is motivated by the attempt to classify all possible singularities for Almgren minimal sets – Plateau’s problem in the setting of sets.
The Almgren minimality was introduced by Almgren to modernize Plateau’s problem. It gives a very good description of local behavior for soap films. The natural question of whether the product of any two Almgren minimal sets is still minimal is still open, although it seems obvious in intuition.
We prove the Almgren minimality for the product of two large classes of Almgren minimal sets – the class of 1-codimensional calibrated manifolds and the class of paired calibrated sets. The general idea is to properly combine different topological conditions (separation and spanning) under different homology groups, to set up a reasonable topological condition and prove the minimality for the product under this condition, which will imply the Almgren minimality.
A main difficulty comes from the codimension – algebraic coherences such as multiplicity, separation and orientation do not exist anymore for codimensions larger than 1.
An unexpectedly useful thing in the present paper is the flow of the calibrations. Its most important role among all is helping us to do the decomposition of a competitor with the help of the first projections along the flows.
Universal lower bound of the convergence rate of solutions for a semi-linear heat equation with a critical exponent
Authors: Hoshino Masaki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study the behavior of solutions of the Cauchy problem for a semi-linear heat equation with critical non-linearity in the sense of Joseph and Lundgren.
It is known that if two solutions are initially close enough near the spatial infinity, then these solutions approach each other.
In this paper, we give a universal lower bound of the convergence rate of solutions for a class of initial data.
This rate contains a logarithmic term, which is not contained in the super critical non-linearity case.
Proofs are given by a comparison method based on matched asymptotic expansion.
On Caputo tempered implicit fractional differential equations in b-metric spaces
Authors: Salim Abdelkrim , Krim Salim , Lazreg Jamal Eddine , Benchohra Mouffak 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with the existence and uniqueness results for a class of problems for nonlinear Caputo tempered implicit fractional
differential equations in b-metric spaces with initial and nonlocal conditions. The arguments are based on some fixed point theorems. Furthermore, two illustrations are presented to demonstrate the plausibility of our results.
Reliability-based assessment of ship hull girder ultimate strength
Authors: Adiputra Ristiyanto , Yoshikawa Takao , Erwandi Erwandi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A reliability-based approach is presented to investigate the effects of structural and load uncertainties on the reliability estimation of ship hull girders. Structural uncertainties included randomness in material properties, geometric properties, initial geometric imperfections, and corrosion behavior. Load uncertainties included statistical uncertainties, model uncertainties, environmental uncertainties, and uncertainties related to nonlinearity. The hull girder ultimate strength was calculated using Smith’s method, and the probabilistic density function was evaluated by employing Monte Carlo simulations. In the load estimation, the still water bending moment and wave-induced bending moment were calculated using a simplified formula of the International Association of Classification Societies-Common Structural Rules code and then modified with load parameters. The reliability index was estimated using a first-order reliability method considering the operating time, the duration of the ship in the alternate hold loading condition, and the severity of the corrosion rate. As a result, sagging conditions dominated the collapse mode. The reliability indexes were obtained for the observed cases, and the viability of the ship was assessed accordingly.
Design and characteristics of two-dimensional piezoelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Radeef Zainab Shakir 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the last decades, increasing interest in piezoelectric material has opened new horizons in electronic industries and alternative energy fields. In this study, a piezoelectric (ZnO NSs–Na2Ti6O13) were prepared from Zinc Oxid Nanosheets (ZnO NSs) and Disodium Hexa titanate (NTO). The dielectric, harvester performance, and the pyroelectric effect of ZnO NSs – NTO explored experimentally. Under different experimental conditions and mechanisms, the generated voltages had been measured where a quasi-static pressing force was applied at the harvester. In addition, the derived voltage has been rectified when the harvester was mounted over a cantilever beam, where the power density was 0.10 ± 0.1 mW/cm3. Finally, there was further investigation of the pyroelectric property which yielded a maximum pyroelectric coefficient of 30.51 µC/m2 °C at low temperature.
Accuracy assessment and improvement of SRTM, ASTER, FABDEM, and MERIT DEMs by polynomial and optimization algorithm: A case study (Khuzestan Province, Iran)
Authors: Saberi Azim , Kabolizadeh Mostafa , Rangzan Kazem , Abrehdary Majid 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Satellite digital elevation models (DEMs) are used for decision-making in various fields. Therefore, evaluating and improving vertical accuracy of DEM can increase the quality of end products. This article aimed to increase the vertical accuracy of most popular satellite DEMs (i.e., the ASTER, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission [SRTM], Forest And Buildings removed Copernicus DEM [FABDEM], and Multi-Error-Removed Improved-Terrain [MERIT]) using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. For this purpose, at first, the vertical error of DEMs was estimated via ground truth data. Next, a second-order polynomial was applied to model the vertical error in the study area. To select the polynomial with the highest accuracy, employed for vertical error modeling, the coefficients of the polynomial have been optimized using the PSO algorithm. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm has been evaluated by other ground truth data and in situ observations. The results show that the mean absolute error (MAE) of SRTM DEM is 4.83 m while this factor for ASTER DEM is 5.35 m, for FABDEM is 4.28, and for MERIT is 3.87. The obtained results indicated that the proposed model could improve the MAE of vertical accuracy of SRTM, ASTER, FABDEM, and MERIT DEMs to 0.83, 0.51, 0.37, and 0.29 m, respectively.
Evaluation of marine borers attack on treated wood in Southern Brazil
Authors: Lins Tarcila Rosa da Silva , Silva Thiago Cardoso , Rieth Laura Caroline Traiano , Müller Ana Claudia de Paula , Lana Paulo da Cunha , Cademartori Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de , Klitzke Ricardo Jorge , Rocha Márcio Pereira da 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wood in marine environments requires protection against xylophagous, and to increase the effectiveness of the preservatives, it is first necessary to know environmental conditions and species of wood borers present. The durability of treated Pinus taeda wood against the attack of marine borers in different environments was investigated, with (1) burnt oil, by the hot-cold bath method; (2) paraffin, by the Bethell method; (3) superficial burning of the wood with oil application, known as shou sugi ban technique; and (4) impermeable rubber, with and without the addition of silica, by immersion. The experiment was adapted from the standard EN 275 (1992) and carried out in three areas, one located in a river and two in estuarine coastal areas of the Paranaguá Bay (Brazil). Based on the percentage of lost wood area, the treatment with impermeable rubber with the addition of silica showed the best performance at the local 1 site (26.3%). At the local 2 site, treatments with impermeable rubber with and without the addition of silica had the lowest percentages of loss, with mean values of 13.95 and 12.65%, respectively. The other treatments had losses above 30%, being classified as severe damage, meaning they are not suitable for this use.
Zuranolone and its role in treating major depressive disorder: a narrative review
Authors: Ali Muneeza , Ullah Irfan , Diwan Mufaddal Najmuddin , Aamir Alifiya , Awan Hashir Ali , Waris Durrani Abdul , Qudrat Qudrat Ullah , Shoib Sheikh , De Berardis Domenico 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder classified as a persistent depressive mood and loss of interest lasting for more than two weeks and accompanied by a list of symptoms outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) diagnostic criteria. MDD affects approximately 264 million people worldwide and is the most prevailing form of neuropsychiatric disorder. Owing to the probable hypothesized pathophysiology of MDD being an outcome of abnormalities in the amino acid neurotransmitter system, including glutamate (the primary excitatory neurotransmitter) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), SAGE-217 (Zuranolone) is being evaluated as a possible therapeutic treatment for MDD. Zuranolone is a synthetic, neuroactive steroid (NAS) and positive allosteric modulator (PMA) of GABAA receptors, regulating both synaptic and extra-synaptic release of GABA. It is administered as a once-daily oral dose for 2 weeks due to its low-moderate clearance. A change in total HAM-D score from baseline was the primary end-point of all the trials. A phase II trial conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zuranolone (30 mg, once-daily dose), described a significant reduction in total HAM-D score at day 14 and reported the drug to be well tolerated with headache, dizziness, nausea, and somnolence as the most common adverse events (AE). Additional phase III trials were also conducted to evaluate similar outcomes, the interim topline results of which have been released. Consequently, this article attempts to briefly analyze the pharmacology of Zuranolone, review the available clinical data and outcomes regarding its use, and evaluate its place as a prospective novel therapy in the effective management of MDD.