bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of preoperative tumor marker levels in rectal cancer patients: Implications for diagnosis
Authors: Li Ming , Yuan Da-Hao , Yang Zhi , Lu Teng-Xiang , Zhang Lei 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Early detection of rectal cancer poses significant challenges. Current diagnostic methods, including colonoscopy, imaging techniques, and fecal tests, have limitations such as invasiveness, cost, and varying sensitivity. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers in rectal cancer patients.
AIM
To investigate the value of a multi-marker approach for the preoperative diagnosis of rectal cancer.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 250 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer between July 2022 and July 2024 was conducted. Preoperative alpha-fetoprotein levels, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), CA19-9, CA15-3, and CA72-4 were analyzed. All blood samples were collected under standardized conditions, including fasting status and proper storage methods, within two weeks before surgery. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Correlations among clinicopathological features were also evaluated.
RESULTS
CEA demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance among individual tumor markers with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-0.83]. However, a combination of CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 showed superior performance, achieving an AUC of 0.87 (95%CI: 0.83-0.91). Significant correlations were observed between CEA levels and several clinicopathological features, including tumor stage (P < 0.001), lymph node involvement (P = 0.002), and distant metastasis (P < 0.001). Furthermore, in a subgroup analysis of patients diagnosed after July 2022, the integration of fecal occult blood testing with the tumor marker panel (CEA + CA19-9 + CA72-4) significantly improved diagnostic accuracy, increasing the AUC to 0.91 (95%CI: 0.86-0.96).
CONCLUSION
A multimarker approach combining CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 with fecal occult blood testing enhances the preoperative assessment of patients with rectal cancer. These findings suggest potential improvements in risk stratification and management of patients with rectal cancer.
Rare large sigmoid hamartomatous polyp in an elderly patient with atypical Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report
Authors: Tian Zhe-Sen , Ma Xiao-Peng , Ruan Hong-Xun , Yang Yang , Zhao Ya-Lei 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Peutz-Jeghers (PJ) syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by the association of intestinal polyposis, mucosal skin pigmentation, and cancer susceptibility. PJS patients have a significantly increased risk of malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract and extra-gastrointestinal tract, including various epithelial malignant tumors (colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer, etc. ). PJS is commonly seen in children and adolescents with multiple small intestinal polyps, often causing intussusception.
CASE SUMMARY
A 62-year-old male presented with intermittent left lower abdominal pain after drinking or consuming cold beverages that was accompanied by occasional hematochezia. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography indicated an isolated sigmoid colon grape-like lesion. Subsequently, the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery, and the pathological diagnosis was PJ hamartomatous polyp. PJS was not considered at the initial visit, as the patient was older, and the facial pigmentation was not obvious. However, significant pigmentation was observed in the perineum during digital rectal examination. Interestingly, we observed that the patient exhibited nodular shadows in the adrenal glands computed tomography images that may be related to pigmentation. Therefore, we performed the determination of adrenal cortical hormones, but the results were not abnormal. Combined with skin and mucosal pigmentation and laboratory examinations, the patient was diagnosed with PJS. After laparoscopic sigmoid colon resection, the patient's symptoms improved, and no discomfort symptoms were reported in the later follow-up.
CONCLUSION
The age of onset and lesion location of this case are different from those of typical or isolated PJS patients.
Clinical outcomes of interlocking main pancreatic duct-jejunal internal bridge drainage in middle pancreatectomy: A comparative study
Authors: Lu Xin-Yan , Tan Xiao-Dong 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Middle pancreatectomy (MP) is a surgical procedure that removes non-invasive lesions in the pancreatic neck and body, allowing for the preservation of pancreatic function. However, MP is associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications, and there’s no clear consensus on which anastomotic method is preferable. In recent years, our team has developed a new method called interlocking main pancreatic duct-jejunal (IMPD-J) internal bridge drainage to MP.
AIM
To compare perioperative and postoperative outcomes in patients who underwent IMPD-J bridge drainage and those underwent traditional duct-to-mucosa pancreatojejunostomy.
METHODS
Patients who underwent MP in our hospital between October 1, 2011 and July 31, 2023 were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on their pancreatojejunostomy technique: IMPD-J bridge drainage group and duct-to-mucosa pancreatojejunostomy group. Demographic data (age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, etc. ) and perioperative indicators [operation time, intraoperative bleeding, clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF), delayed gastric emptying, etc. ] were recorded and analyzed statistically.
RESULTS
A total of 53 patients were enrolled in this study, including 23 in the IMPD-J Bridge Drainage group and 30 in the traditional duct-to-mucosa pancreatojejunostomy group. There were no significant differences in demographic or preoperative characteristics between the groups. Compared to traditional duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy, IMPD-J bridge drainage had a significant shorter operation time (4.3 ± 1.3 hours vs 5.8 ± 1.8 hours, P = 0.002), nasogastric tube retention days (5.3 ± 1.7 days vs 6.5 ± 2.0 days, P = 0.031), lower incidence of delayed gastric emptying (8.7% vs 36.7%, P = 0.019), and lower incidence of CR-POPF (39.1% vs 70.0%, P = 0.025). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pancreaticojejunostomy type (odds ratio = 4.219, 95% confidence interval = 1.238-14.379, P = 0.021) and plasma prealbumin (odds ratio = 1.132, 95% confidence interval = 1.001-1.281, P = 0.049) were independent risk factor for CR-POPF. In IMPD-J bridge drainage group, only one patient experienced recurrent pancreatitis due to the large diameter of the silicone tube and had it removed six months after surgery.
CONCLUSION
Compared to traditional duct-to-mucosa pancreatojejunostomy, IMPD-J bridge drainage has the advantages of simplicity and fewer perioperative complications, with favorable long-term outcomes.
Roux-en-Y jejunostomy in gastroparesis: Insight into patient perspectives and outcomes
Authors: Salehi Omar , Gao Wei-Lun , Kenfield Christian , Hebbard Geoff 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Gastroparesis is a chronic motility disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Patients with refractory gastroparesis often require enteral nutrition support, but traditional feeding methods such as nasojejunal tubes and percutaneous gastrojejunostomy tubes have significant limitations including frequent displacement, infection, and impact on quality of life.
AIM
To explore patients’ experience post insertion of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y jejunostomy in a cohort of eight adult patients with idiopathic gastroparesis.
METHODS
Eight patients with idiopathic gastroparesis who underwent Roux-en-Y jejunostomy placement between 2019-2022 were interviewed about their pre- and post-procedure experiences. The procedure involves creating a jejunal limb anastomosed to the proximal jejunum in a Y-configuration, with the limb brought to the abdominal wall for feeding tube insertion. This is designed to reduce leakage by diverting intestinal contents away from the stoma. Topics included symptoms, nutrition, quality of life, and comparison to previous feeding methods.
RESULTS
Post-procedure, all patients reported improvements in nausea/vomiting, and 87.5% noted reduced abdominal pain. Weight stabilized and oral intake improved in 75% of patients. Most (87.5%) described improved social confidence, increased energy, and better work/school functioning. Three patients (37.5%) eventually maintained adequate oral nutrition without jejunostomy. Minor complications included leakage (37.5%) and hypergranulation tissue. Half the cohort used supplemental gastric venting. Most patients (87.5%) preferred Roux-en-Y jejunostomy over previous feeding tubes and would undergo the procedure again.
CONCLUSION
Despite some challenges, Roux-en-Y jejunostomy led to notable improvements in symptoms, nutrition, and quality of life for most patients with refractory gastroparesis. It may be a viable option for long-term enteral nutrition support in carefully selected patients. Further research is needed to optimize patient selection and manage complications.
Therapeutic effectiveness and influencing factors of laparoscopic appendectomy with mesoappendix dissection in the treatment of acute appendicitis
Authors: Yuan Jiang , Liu Qiang , Wu Bo-Yu 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Acute appendicitis (AP) is a frequently encountered surgical emergency, and appendectomy is conventionally regarded as the predominant treatment modality. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of this surgical approach remains to be improved. Thus, the exploration and implementation of surgical refinements are necessary.
AIM
To elucidate the therapeutic effectiveness and influencing factors of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) with mesoappendix dissection in the treatment of AP.
METHODS
First, 150 patients with AP who visited Shangrao Municipal Hospital between January 2022 and June 2024 were enrolled in this study. Among them, 72 patients were assigned to the control group to receive conventional LA, whereas 78 cases were included in the observation group for LA with mesoappendix dissection. Subsequently, indicators such as therapeutic effectiveness, surgical indices (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay), postoperative recovery indices (time to ambulation, gastrointestinal function recovery time, and time to food intake), incidence of adverse events (postoperative bleeding, pelvic infection, puncture site infection, and ileus), and serum inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were collected and comparatively analyzed, and the influencing factors of therapeutic effectiveness in patients with AP were analyzed.
RESULTS
Compared with the control group, the observation group had higher clinical therapeutic effectiveness, less operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay; shorter time to ambulation, gastrointestinal function recovery, and food intake; and a lower total incidence of adverse events, and this difference is statistically significant. In addition, the expression levels of various serum inflammatory factors in the observation group were significantly reduced postoperatively, which were markedly lower than those in the control group. Moreover, sex, age, body mass index, time from acute onset to admission, family medical history, preoperative TNF-α, preoperative IL-6, preoperative CRP, and treatment modality were identified to be not independent factors affecting the therapeutic effectiveness of LA with mesoappendix dissection in patients with AP.
CONCLUSION
Overall, LA with mesoappendix dissection has a remarkable curative effect in treating patients with AP, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Optimal timing of endoscopic biliary drainage for bile duct leaks: A multicenter, retrospective, clinical study
Authors: Chen De-Xin , Fang Kai-Xuan , Chen Sheng-Xin , Hou Sen-Lin , Wen Gui-Hai , Yang Hai-Kun , Shi Da-Peng , Lu Qing-Xin , Zhai Ya-Qi , Li Ming-Yang 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Bile duct leaks (BDLs) are serious postsurgical adverse events. Typically, conservative management with abdominal drainage is the initial treatment option. However, prolonged abdominal drainage without improvement can lead to biliary stricture and delay the optimal timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
AIM
To identify the optimal timing for ERCP and the period during which clinical observation with conservative management is acceptable, balancing ERCP success and the risk of biliary strictures.
METHODS
We conducted a multicenter retrospective study involving 448 patients with BDLs between November 2002 and November 2022. The patients were divided into four groups based on the timing of ERCP: 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days. The primary outcome was clinical success, defined as the resolution of BDL and related symptoms within 6 months without additional percutaneous drainage, surgery, or death. The secondary outcome was incidence of biliary strictures. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with ERCP success and biliary stricture occurrence.
RESULTS
In a cohort of 448 consecutive patients diagnosed with BDLs, 354 were excluded, leaving 94 patients who underwent ERCP. Clinical success was achieved in 84% of cases (79/94), with a median ERCP timing of 20 days (9.5-35.3 days). Biliary strictures were identified in 29 (30.9%) patients. Performing ERCP within 3 weeks, compared to after 3 weeks, was associated with higher success rates [92.0% (46/50) vs 75.0% (33/44), P = 0.032] and a lower incidence of biliary stricture incidence [18.0% (9/50) vs 45.5% (20/44), P = 0.005]. Subsequent multivariate analysis confirmed the association with higher success rates (odds ratio = 4.168, P = 0.045) and lower biliary stricture rates (odds ratio = 0.256, P = 0.007).
CONCLUSION
Performing ERCP for BDLs within 3 weeks may be associated with a higher success rate and a lower biliary stricture rate. If patients with BDLs do not respond to conservative treatment, ERCP is suggested to be performed within 3 weeks.
Biometric Presentation Attack Detection
Authors: Imam Abdulrafiu Musa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose: Biometric systems play a crucial role in authentication and identification processes but are vulnerable to various attacks that compromise their security and reliability. Detecting such attacks is critical to ensuring the integrity of these systems and maintaining user trust. This study focuses on detecting face presentation attacks using a cost-effective thermal sensor array. The primary goal is to combine an RGB camera, a thermal sensor array, and deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differentiate between genuine face presentations and facial presentation attacks. The aim is to develop a novel biometric attack detection technique using the thermal sensor array, which is more affordable compared to other existing technologies.
Materials and Methods: The process involves the collection of 46,000 thermal images under various conditions and the application of CNN models for analysis. The thermal images are gathered under diverse lighting conditions, distances, and environments, and are then analyzed using deep learning models, specifically AlexNet and ResNet. The thermal sensor array is chosen for its cost-effectiveness.
Findings: The research findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in detecting attacks on biometric systems. Performance metrics such as an accuracy of 0.9671, an F1 score of 0.9893, a precision score of 0.9872, and a recall of 0.9914 highlight the robustness of the model in distinguishing between genuine and attacked presentations.
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy:: This study contributes to the field of biometric attack detection by introducing a cost-effective approach using a thermal sensor array. It offers insights into detecting various types of attacks and highlights advancements made in the area of biometric system security. The findings have significant implications for enhancing the security and reliability of biometric systems in diverse applications.
Nutritional and Carrageenan Content of Kappaphycus alvarezii Seaweed Exposed to Ice-Ice
Authors: Irmawati Yuni , Sudirjo Fien 
Published: February 2025

The main source of income for people in Southeast Maluku Regency and Tual City, one of which is the cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed. The problem in cultivating seaweed is when there is an attack of ice-ice disease, which cause a decrease in production yields and quality of K. alvarezii. The target of this research was the nutritional and carrageenan content of K. alvarezii exposed to ice-ice. The parameters observed were nutritional content such as protein, water, ash, fat and carbohydrates as well as carrageenan and gel strenght. The results showed that the nutritional content of K. alvarezii which was exposed to ice-ice, such as 2,01 % protein, 0,14 % fat and 35,74 % carbohydrates, was lower compared to healthy seaweed. However, the water and ash obtained the opposite results, where seaweed exposed to ice-ice was higher, namely 44,66% dan 31,80 %. Carrageenan and gel strenght in healthy seaweed were higher at 58,60 % and 414,86 g/cm2 compared to seaweed exposed to ice-ice, 45,75 % and 404,23 g/cm2.
Interior Design Fundamentals
Authors: Webber Steven B. 
Published: February 2025

Learn the basics of interior design thinking and the design process. Envision yourself in the role of professional designer as you learn about design theory, such as the phases of design, spatial well-being, color theory, history, professional practices, and design practicalities such as finishes, furnishings, lighting, environmental systems, and more. Learning how to think like a designer, and developing a process to do so, will be a valuable skill as you move forward in your studies and career.
New to this Edition
-Chapters have been reorganized to better facilitate the understanding of design processes and outcomes
-Chapter 3 “History of Architecture and Design” provides a streamlined overview of architecture and design history, with particular attention to the post-industrial revolution, and enhanced attention to influential and diverse designers of the modern era.
-Examples from architecture and urban design are woven throughout to show how those areas inform interior environments
Instructor's Resources
-Instructor's Guide provides suggestions for planning the course and using the text in the classroom, supplemental assignments, and lecture notes
-Test Bank includes sample questions for each chapter
-PowerPoint® presentations include images from the book and provide a framework for lecture and discussion
Digital Drawing for Designers
Authors: Seidler Douglas R. 
Published: February 2025

AutoCAD continues to dominate the two-dimensional drafting marketplace for architects and interior designers. Digital Drawing for Designers: A Visual Guide to AutoCAD 2025 is designed to help this community by using visual methods to lead to understanding.
Starting with the building blocks of drawing (lines, circles, and arcs), the book progresses through architectural graphic standards, enabling students to create presentation and construction drawings that effectively communicate their design ideas.
Advanced features such as annotative dimensions, annotative blocks, express tools, and linking drawings (XREFs) are also covered. Instructions are illustrated using language and concepts from manual drafting, facilitating a smooth transition to the digital environment for all designers, and showing just how your paper idea becomes a digital reality. Clear, concise, and above all visual, this AutoCAD guide gives you exactly what you need to become a pro at this program.
New to this Edition
-Instruction Graphics updated for AutoCAD 2025 features and user interface
-Additional instruction in early chapters with “real world” examples of the foundational tools which are currently taught in the abstract
-Additional instruction on using the AIA/National CAD standard for Layer names
-Improved instruction on creating blocks and dynamic blocks
-Updated chapter that shows changes to AutoCAD for Mobile, and AutoCAD for Mac
INSPIRE game: integration of vulnerability into impact-based forecasting of urban floods
Authors: Singhal Akshay , Crochemore Louise , Ruin Isabelle , Jha Sanjeev K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Extreme precipitation events (EPEs) and flash floods inflict great damage on lives and property in cities. Precipitation forecasts help predict extreme events; however, they have limitations in anticipating the impacts of extreme events. Impact-based forecasts (IBFs), when integrated with information on hazards, exposure, and vulnerability, can anticipate impacts and suggest emergency decisions. In this study, we present a serious game experiment, called the INSPIRE game, which evaluates the roles of hazards, exposure, and vulnerability in a flash flood situation triggered by an EPE. Participants make decisions in two rounds based on the extreme precipitation and flood that occurred over Mumbai on 26 July 2005. In the first round, participants make decisions on the forthcoming EPE scheduled for later in the afternoon. In the second round, they make decisions on the compound events of extreme precipitation, river floods, and high tide. Decisions are collected from 123 participants, predominantly researchers, PhDs and Masters students. Our results show that participant use of information to make decisions was based on the severity of the situation. A larger proportion of participants used precipitation forecast and exposure to make correct decisions in the first round, while they used precipitation forecast and vulnerability information in the second round. Higher levels of education and research experience enabled participants to evaluate the severity of the event and use the appropriate information set presented to them. Additionally, given the choice between qualitative and quantitative information on rainfall, 64 % of the participants preferred qualitative information to quantitative information. We also discuss the relevance and potential of vulnerability integration into IBFs using inferences derived from the serious game.