bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribological Performance of Gd-DLC and Eu-DLC Coatings in the Presence of Synthetic Oils Containing Ionic Liquid Additives
Authors: Omiya T. , Fontes M. , Vuchkov T. , Cruz S. , Cavaleiro A. , Ferreira F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe lubrication of gadolinium-doped diamond-like carbon (Gd-DLC) and europium-doped diamond-like carbon (Eu-DLC) coatings with trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate ([P66614][DEHP]) ionic liquid (IL) as 1 wt% additive in polyalphaolefin (PAO) 8 was studied. The results of the friction tests under boundary lubrication conditions showed that Gd-DLC and Eu-DLC coatings in the presence of the IL exhibit a friction reduction, especially with the high atomic concentration of doped metal. Later, the surface observation after the long-term wear test indicated that Gd-DLC coatings have less abrasive wear and higher anti-wear properties compared to Eu-DLC coatings due to the enhanced formation of tribofilms derived from the phosphorus of the IL on the steel ball as the counter body. From these results, we have concluded that the friction reduction and the anti-wear property in the presence of the IL can be improved by changing the type and the concentration of the doped metals. This clearly shows that the novel lubrication system combining the Gd-DLC and Eu-DLC coatings with the IL allows for guiding future research and development.
Graphical abstract
Wie verändert die regelmäßige Nutzung von Gesundheitsportalen das Verhalten von Patient*innen? – Ergebnisse einer Befragungsstudie
Authors: Wangler Julian , Jansky Michael 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Gesundheitsportale bieten die Möglichkeit, sich ausführlich über Gesundheits- und Krankheitsthemen zu informieren, weiterführenden Rat einzuholen oder Verweisen zu anderen, spezialisierten Informationsportalen zu folgen. Die hohe Zahl an Nutzer*innen, die sich in den Online-Communities der etablierten Gesundheitsportale herausgebildet hat, spricht dafür, dass solche Portale verbreiteten Informations- und Austauschbedürfnissen entgegenkommen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Bislang liegen nahezu keine empirischen Befunde vor, in welcher Weise die intensive Nutzung solcher Dienste das Gesundheitshandeln beeinflusst. Im Zuge dieser Studie wurden regelmäßige Nutzer*innen großer Gesundheitsportale u. a. zu ihren Motiven befragt und welche Veränderungen des Arzt-Patient-Verhältnisses sie seit ihrer regelmäßigen Nutzung an sich beobachten.

Material und Methoden
Mittels einer Online-Befragung wurden im Jahr 2022 insgesamt 936 Nutzer*innen von 13 großen Gesundheitsportalen anonymisiert befragt. Zur Feststellung von signifikanten Unterschieden zwischen zwei Gruppen kam ein t‑Test bei unabhängigen Stichproben zum Einsatz.

Ergebnisse
Gesundheitsportalen wird von den Befragten ein beachtliches Vertrauen entgegengebracht wird. Die Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass die regelmäßige Nutzung deutliche Folgen für das Arzt-Patient-Verhältnis hat. Die Auswirkungen reichen von einem kompetenteren, reflektierteren und kritischeren Umgang mit Ärzt*innen bis hin zu einem häufigeren Arztwechsel oder sogar einer gänzlichen Abkehr von Ärzt*innen. Zudem bekunden viele Befragte, nach Online-Recherchen oftmals einen Mangel an Orientierung und Entscheidungsunsicherheit zu verspüren.

Schlussfolgerung
Im Lichte der Resultate ergeben sich neue Anforderungen an die Arzt-Patient-Beziehung. Nicht-kommerzielle Portale zur Gesundheitsinformation sollten weiter gestärkt werden. Auch sollte darüber nachgedacht werden, Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Qualität und Transparenz von Gesundheitsportalen zu ergreifen.
Nutzungsvoraussetzungen und Einfluss von Arztbewertungsportalen – Befunde einer Befragungsstudie
Authors: Wangler Julian , Jansky Michael 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Studien zeigen, dass Arztbewertungsportale inzwischen von vielen Patient*innen genutzt werden, um sich über Ärzt*innen zu informieren, diese auszuwählen und ihr Feedback zu einem Arztbesuch abzugeben.

Ziel der Arbeit
Kaum Erkenntnisse liegen hingegen bezüglich der Motive von Nutzer*innen vor, mit denen solche Webseiten genutzt werden, oder auch zur Frage, unter welchen Bedingungen und in welchen thematischen Kontexten Arztbewertungen vorgenommen werden. Dem tragen die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Untersuchung Rechnung.

Material und Methoden
Im Rahmen einer Online-Befragung wurden insgesamt 1028 Nutzer*innen von 23 deutschsprachigen Gesundheitsportalen befragt (Befragungszeitraum: August 2022 bis Januar 2023). Neben der deskriptiven Analyse kam zur Feststellung von signifikanten Unterschieden zwischen zwei Gruppen ein t‑Test bei unabhängigen Stichproben zum Einsatz.

Ergebnisse
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Patient*innen Arztbewertungsportalen mit auffällig großem Vertrauen begegnen. Online-Arztbewertungen werden als sinnvoller Maßstab für die Einschätzung der ärztlichen Behandlungs- und Betreuungsqualität eingestuft. Die Befragten erstellen Bewertungen erheblich häufiger bei negativen Erfahrungen bzw. Unzufriedenheit mit dem Arzt. Auch ist bemerkenswert, dass Patient*innen vorzugsweise die Kompetenz und Behandlungsqualität des Arztes bewerten – eine Dimension, zu der sie mutmaßlich nur eingeschränkt Auskunft geben können.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Befragung liefert Hinweise darauf, dass Online-Arztbewertungen durch Verzerrungen gekennzeichnet sind. Dies gilt für die Bewertungstendenz ebenso wie für die konkreten thematischen Anlässe, unter denen Bewertungen vorgenommen werden. In Anbetracht dieser Tatsache sollten die Betreibenden solcher Seiten verstärkte Anstrengungen unternehmen, um eine plausiblere Beurteilung ärztlicher Versorgungsqualität zu ermöglichen. So wäre darüber nachzudenken, Arztbewertungsportale dahingehend zu verbessern, dass zumindest Begleit- und Rahmenbedingungen eines Arztbesuchs verbindlich bei der Erstellung eines Eintrags abgefragt werden.
CSF metabolomics alterations after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: what do we know?
Authors: Ho Wing Mann , Schmidt Franziska A. , Thomé Claudius , Petr Ondra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this mini review is to describe metabolomics in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and its potential in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). In brain injury, patients’ micro dialysis enables detecting biochemical change in brain tissue. Indicators for ischemia were detected such as lactate, pyruvate, glucose, and glutamate. In aSAH patients, the pathophysiology and the factor for poor outcome are not completely understood yet. Routine use of biomarkers in CSF, particularly in aSAH patients, is still lacking.

Methods
This mini review was performed on the role of metabolomics alterations after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Results
We identified five clinical studies that addressed metabolomics in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Conclusion
There is increasing evidence suggesting that biomarkers can give insight in the pathogenesis and can serve as an outcome predictor. In this mini review, we present a brief overview of metabolomics profiling in neuroscience and wish to discuss the predictive and therapeutic value in aSAH patients.
Wetting of MXenes and Beyond
Authors: Malaki Massoud , Varma Rajender S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMXenes are a class of 2D nanomaterials with exceptional tailor-made properties such as mechano-ceramic nature, rich chemistry, and hydrophilicity, to name a few. However, one of the most challenging issues in any composite/hybrid system is the interfacial wetting. Having a superior integrity of a given composite system is a direct consequence of the proper wettability. While wetting is a fundamental feature, dictating many physical and chemical attributes, most of the common nanomaterials possesses poor affinity due to hydrophobic nature, making them hard to be easily dispersed in a given composite. Thanks to low contact angle, MXenes can offer themselves as an ideal candidate for manufacturing different nano-hybrid structures. Herein this review, it is aimed to particularly study the wettability of MXenes. In terms of the layout of the present study, MXenes are first briefly introduced, and then, the wettability phenomenon is discussed in detail. Upon reviewing the sporadic research efforts conducted to date, a particular attention is paid on the current challenges and research pitfalls to light up the future perspectives. It is strongly believed that taking the advantage of MXene’s rich hydrophilic surface may have a revolutionizing role in the fabrication of advanced materials with exceptional features.
A Rational Design of Metal–Organic Framework Nanozyme with High-Performance Copper Active Centers for Alleviating Chemical Corneal Burns
Authors: Tang Yonghua , Han Yi , Zhao Jiachen , Lv Yufei , Fan Chaoyu , Zheng Lan , Zhang Zhisen , Liu Zuguo , Li Cheng , Lin Youhui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted significant research interest in biomimetic catalysis. However, the modulation of the activity of MOFs by precisely tuning the coordination of metal nodes is still a significant challenge. Inspired by metalloenzymes with well-defined coordination structures, a series of MOFs containing halogen-coordinated copper nodes (Cu-X MOFs, X = Cl, Br, I) are employed to elucidate their structure–activity relationship. Intriguingly, experimental and theoretical results strongly support that precisely tuning the coordination of halogen atoms directly regulates the enzyme-like activities of Cu-X MOFs by influencing the spatial configuration and electronic structure of the Cu active center. The optimal Cu–Cl MOF exhibits excellent superoxide dismutase-like activity with a specific activity one order of magnitude higher than the reported Cu-based nanozymes. More importantly, by performing enzyme-mimicking catalysis, the Cu–Cl MOF nanozyme can significantly scavenge reactive oxygen species and alleviate oxidative stress, thus effectively relieving ocular chemical burns. Mechanistically, the antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of Cu–Cl MOF are achieved by regulating the NRF2 and JNK or P38 MAPK pathways. Our work provides a novel way to refine MOF nanozymes by directly engineering the coordination microenvironment and, more significantly, demonstrating their potential therapeutic effect in ophthalmic disease.
Interface Engineering of Fe7S8/FeS2 Heterostructure in situ Encapsulated into Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes for High Power Sodium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Song Penghao , Yang Jian , Wang Chengyin , Wang Tianyi , Gao Hong , Wang Guoxiu , Li Jiabao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeterostructure engineering combined with carbonaceous materials shows great promise toward promoting sluggish kinetics, improving electronic conductivity, and mitigating the huge expansion of transition metal sulfide electrodes for high-performance sodium storage. Herein, the iron sulfide-based heterostructures in situ hybridized with nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (Fe7S8/FeS2/NCNT) have been prepared through a successive pyrolysis and sulfidation approach. The Fe7S8/FeS2/NCNT heterostructure delivered a high reversible capacity of 403.2 mAh g−1 up to 100 cycles at 1.0 A g−1 and superior rate capability (273.4 mAh g−1 at 20.0 A g−1) in ester-based electrolyte. Meanwhile, the electrodes also demonstrated long-term cycling stability (466.7 mAh g−1 after 1,000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1) and outstanding rate capability (536.5 mAh g−1 at 20.0 A g−1) in ether-based electrolyte. This outstanding performance could be mainly attributed to the fast sodium-ion diffusion kinetics, high capacitive contribution, and convenient interfacial dynamics in ether-based electrolyte.
Hole-Transport Management Enables 23%-Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with 84% Fill Factor
Authors: Liu Liming , Ma Yajie , Wang Yousheng , Ma Qiaoyan , Wang Zixuan , Yang Zigan , Wan Meixiu , Mahmoudi Tahmineh , Hahn Yoon-Bong , Mai Yaohua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNiOx-based inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have presented great potential toward low-cost, highly efficient and stable next-generation photovoltaics. However, the presence of energy-level mismatch and contact-interface defects between hole-selective contacts (HSCs) and perovskite-active layer (PAL) still limits device efficiency improvement. Here, we report a graded configuration based on both interface-cascaded structures and p-type molecule-doped composites with two-/three-dimensional formamidinium-based triple-halide perovskites. We find that the interface defects-induced non-radiative recombination presented at HSCs/PAL interfaces is remarkably suppressed because of efficient hole extraction and transport. Moreover, a strong chemical interaction, halogen bonding and coordination bonding are found in the molecule-doped perovskite composites, which significantly suppress the formation of halide vacancy and parasitic metallic lead. As a result, NiOx-based inverted PSCs present a power-conversion-efficiency over 23% with a high fill factor of 0.84 and open-circuit voltage of 1.162 V, which are comparable to the best reported around 1.56-electron volt bandgap perovskites. Furthermore, devices with encapsulation present high operational stability over 1,200 h during T90 lifetime measurement (the time as a function of PCE decreases to 90% of its initial value) under 1-sun illumination in ambient-air conditions.
Identification of Dynamic Active Sites Among Cu Species Derived from MOFs@CuPc for Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction Reaction to Ammonia
Authors: Ji Xue-Yang , Sun Ke , Liu Zhi-Kun , Liu Xinghui , Dong Weikang , Zuo Xintao , Shao Ruiwen , Tao Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDirect electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NITRR) is a promising strategy to alleviate the unbalanced nitrogen cycle while achieving the electrosynthesis of ammonia. However, the restructuration of the high-activity Cu-based electrocatalysts in the NITRR process has hindered the identification of dynamical active sites and in-depth investigation of the catalytic mechanism. Herein, Cu species (single-atom, clusters, and nanoparticles) with tunable loading supported on N-doped TiO2/C are successfully manufactured with MOFs@CuPc precursors via the pre-anchor and post-pyrolysis strategy. Restructuration behavior among Cu species is co-dependent on the Cu loading and reaction potential, as evidenced by the advanced operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and there exists an incompletely reversible transformation of the restructured structure to the initial state. Notably, restructured CuN4&Cu4 deliver the high NH3 yield of 88.2 mmol h−1 gcata−1 and FE (~ 94.3%) at − 0.75 V, resulting from the optimal adsorption of NO3− as well as the rapid conversion of *NH2OH to *NH2 intermediates originated from the modulation of charge distribution and d-band center for Cu site. This work not only uncovers CuN4&Cu4 have the promising NITRR but also identifies the dynamic Cu species active sites that play a critical role in the efficient electrocatalytic reduction in nitrate to ammonia.
Applications of Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Li Chengbo , Ji Yuan , Wang Youpeng , Liu Chunxiao , Chen Zhaoyang , Tang Jialin , Hong Yawei , Li Xu , Zheng Tingting , Jiang Qiu , Xia Chuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectrochemically reducing CO2 to more reduced chemical species is a promising way that not only enables the conversion of intermittent energy resources to stable fuels, but also helps to build a closed-loop anthropogenic carbon cycle. Among various electrocatalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction, multifunctional metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been employed as highly efficient and selective heterogeneous electrocatalysts due to their ultrahigh porosity and topologically diverse structures. Up to now, great progress has been achieved in the design and synthesis of highly active and selective MOF-related catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), and their corresponding reaction mechanisms have been thoroughly studied. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of applying MOFs and their derivatives in CO2RR, with a focus on the design strategies for electrocatalysts and electrolyzers. We first discussed the reaction mechanisms for different CO2RR products and introduced the commonly applied electrolyzer configurations in the current CO2RR system. Then, an overview of several categories of products (CO, HCOOH, CH4, CH3OH, and multi-carbon chemicals) generated from MOFs or their derivatives via CO2RR was discussed. Finally, we offer some insights and perspectives for the future development of MOFs and their derivatives in electrochemical CO2 reduction. We aim to provide new insights into this field and further guide future research for large-scale applications.
Unlikely intersections on the p-adic formal ball
Authors: Serban Vlad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe investigate generalizations along the lines of the Mordell–Lang conjecture of the author’sp-adic formal Manin–Mumford results forn-dimensionalp-divisible formal groups$$\mathcal {F}$$F. In particular, given a finitely generated subgroup$$\Gamma $$Γof$$\mathcal {F}({\overline{\mathbb {Q}}}_p)$$F(Q¯p)and a closed subscheme$$X\hookrightarrow \mathcal {F}$$X↪F, we show under suitable assumptions that for any points$$P\in X(\mathbb {C}_p)$$P∈X(Cp)satisfying$$nP\in \Gamma $$nP∈Γfor some$$n\in \mathbb {N}$$n∈N, the minimal such ordersnare uniformly bounded wheneverXdoes not contain a formal subgroup translate of positive dimension. In contrast, we then provide counter-examples to a fullp-adic formal Mordell–Lang result. Finally, we outline some consequences for the study of the Zariski-density of sets of automorphic objects inp-adic deformations. Specifically, we do so in the context of the nearly ordinaryp-adic families of cuspidal cohomological automorphic forms for the general linear group constructed by Hida.
Strategies for the Analysis of Large Social Media Corpora: Sampling and Keyword Extraction Methods
Authors: Moreno-Ortiz Antonio , García-Gámez María 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms such as Twitter have been of great importance for users to exchange news, ideas, and perceptions. Researchers from fields such as discourse analysis and the social sciences have resorted to this content to explore public opinion and stance on this topic, and they have tried to gather information through the compilation of large-scale corpora. However, the size of such corpora is both an advantage and a drawback, as simple text retrieval techniques and tools may prove to be impractical or altogether incapable of handling such masses of data. This study provides methodological and practical cues on how to manage the contents of a large-scale social media corpus such as Chen et al. (JMIR Public Health Surveill 6(2):e19273, 2020) COVID-19 corpus. We compare and evaluate, in terms of efficiency and efficacy, available methods to handle such a large corpus. First, we compare different sample sizes to assess whether it is possible to achieve similar results despite the size difference and evaluate sampling methods following a specific data management approach to storing the original corpus. Second, we examine two keyword extraction methodologies commonly used to obtain a compact representation of the main subject and topics of a text: the traditional method used in corpus linguistics, which compares word frequencies using a reference corpus, and graph-based techniques as developed in Natural Language Processing tasks. The methods and strategies discussed in this study enable valuable quantitative and qualitative analyses of an otherwise intractable mass of social media data.
Discovery of a natural small-molecule AMP-activated kinase activator that alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Chen Jin , Xu Li , Zhang Xue-Qing , Liu Xue , Zhang Zi-Xuan , Zhu Qiu-Mei , Liu Jian-Yu , Iqbal Muhammad Omer , Ding Ning , Shao Chang-Lun , Wei Mei-Yan , Gu Yu-Chao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a primary cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Unfortunately, there is no approved drug treatment for NASH. AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) is an important metabolic sensor and whole-body regulator. It has been proposed that AMPK activators could be used for treating metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and NASH. In this study, we screened a marine natural compound library by monitoring AMPK activity and found a potent AMPK activator, candidusin A (CHNQD-0803). Further studies showed that CHNQD-0803 directly binds recombinant AMPK with a KD value of 4.728 × 10–8 M and activates AMPK at both molecular and intracellular levels. We then investigated the roles and mechanisms of CHNQD-0803 in PA-induced fat deposition, LPS-stimulated inflammation, TGF-β-induced fibrosis cell models and the MCD-induced mouse model of NASH. The results showed that CHNQD-0803 inhibited the expression of adipogenesis genes and reduced fat deposition, negatively regulated the NF-κB-TNFα inflammatory axis to suppress inflammation, and ameliorated liver injury and fibrosis. These data indicate that CHNQD-0803 as an AMPK activator is a novel potential therapeutic candidate for NASH treatment.
Multiple Strategies Boosted Orca Predation Algorithm for Engineering Optimization Problems
Authors: Houssein Essam H. , Saad Mohammed R. , Ali Abdelmgeid A. , Shaban Hassan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an enhanced orca predation algorithm (OPA) called the Lévy flight orca predation algorithm (LFOPA). LFOPA improves OPA by integrating the Lévy flight (LF) strategy into the chasing phase of OPA and employing the greedy selection (GS) strategy at the end of each optimization iteration. This enhancement is made to avoid the entrapment of local optima and to improve the quality of acquired solutions. OPA is a novel, efficient population-based optimizer that surpasses other reliable optimizers. However, owing to the low diversity of orcas, OPA is prone to stalling at local optima in some scenarios. In this paper, LFOPA is proposed for addressing global and real-world optimization challenges. To investigate the validity of the proposed LFOPA, it is compared with seven robust optimizers, including the improved multi-operator differential evolution algorithm (IMODE), covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES), gravitational search algorithm (GSA), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), moth-flame optimization algorithm (MFO), Harris hawks optimization (HHO), and the original OPA on 10 unconstrained test functions linked to 2020 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC’20). Furthermore, four different design engineering issues, including the welded beam, the tension/compression spring, the pressure vessel, and the speed reducer, are solved using the proposed LFOPA, to test its applicability. It was also employed to address node localization challenges in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) as an example of real-world applications. Results and tests of significance show that the proposed LFOPA performs much better than OPA and other competitors. LFOPA simulation results on node localization challenges are much superior to other competitors in terms of minimizing squared errors and localization errors.
The Ristić–Balakrishnan–Topp–Leone–Gompertz-G Family of Distributions with Applications
Authors: Pu Shusen , Moakofi Thatayaone , Oluyede Broderick 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the newly generated Ristić–Balakrishnan–Topp–Leone–Gompertz-G family of distributions. Statistical and mathematical properties of this new family including moments, moment generating function, incomplete moments, conditional moments, probability weighted moments, distribution of the order statistics, stochastic ordering, and Rényi entropy are derived. The unknown parameters of the family are inferred using the maximum likelihood estimation technique. A Monte Carlo simulation study is performed to investigate the convergence of the maximum likelihood estimation. Three real-life data sets are used to demonstrate the flexibility and capacity of the new family of distributions.