bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of macrophage polarization in herniated nucleus pulposus tissue on clinical efficacy after lumbar discectomy
Authors: Li Xiao‐Chuan , Luo Shao‐Jian , Fan Wu , Jiang Cheng , Wang Wei , Chen Jiong‐Hui , Chen Yong‐Long , Zhang Zhen‐Wu , Qiu Zhen‐Hua , Tan Dan‐Qin , Huang Chun‐Ming , Wang Mao‐Sheng , Bai Xiao‐Chun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow back pain or sciatic pain because of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LDH) is caused by mechanical compression and/or an inflammatory component on the nerve root. However, it is difficult to define to what extent each component contributes to the pain. This study attempted to explore the effects of macrophage polarization on clinical symptoms in patients experiencing LDH after surgery, and investigated the association between macrophage cell percentages and clinical efficacy.MethodsThis study retrospectively harvested nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue samples from 117 patients. Clinical symptoms and efficacy using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were evaluated at different time points preoperatively and postoperatively. CD68, CCR7, CD163, and CD206 were selected as macrophage phenotypic markers.ResultsSeventy‐six samples showed positive expression of macrophage markers in NP samples of patients with LDH, whereas 41 patients displayed negative results. No significant differences were detected between the two groups, involvement of several demographic data, and preoperative clinical findings. With respect to the macrophage‐positive group, no significant correlation was detected between the positive rate of the four markers and the VAS score or ODI after surgery. However, patients with NP samples positive for CD68 and CCR7 expression showed significantly lower VAS scores 1 week after surgery compared with those in the negative group. Moreover, the improvement in VAS score showed a strong positive correlation with CD68‐ and CCR7‐positive cell percentages.ConclusionsOur results indicated that pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophages may be associated with the reduction of chronic pain after surgery. Therefore, these findings contribute to better personalized pharmacological interventions for patients with LDH, considering the heterogeneity of pain.
Lessons learned from an evolving DEI programme within a global publisher
Authors: Swaminathan Sowmya , Gedamu Jessica , Sherer Thea 
Published: January 2023

Key points
Diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) is at the core of Springer Nature's mission. Prioritizing DEI helps us become the business we aim to be: one that enables millions of people to access, trust and make sense of the latest insights, to improve and enrich both our lives and the planet.
We are committed to championing DEI across our content, communities and organization—and also across the whole set of businesses that make up Springer Nature Group—education, health, professional and research.
Working across our business to harness the varied reach, business capabilities and resources of all our colleagues has been important in this journey, but so too is accountability and the collective efforts of pan‐publisher initiatives.
From editorial guidance to internal mentoring programmes and sustainable development curriculum programmes, our DEI work has been varied and successful, but we have learnt lessons along the way—and still have a way to go. This piece looks at what we have done so far, and our priorities for progress moving forward.
Two‐Color Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Gels for Reversible Writing and Erasing Information Encryption
Authors: Jiang Qian , Ruan Huan , Sun Chenchen , Wang Tian , Zhang Yuping , Qiu Yuan , Wang Hong , Liao Yonggui , Xie Xiaolin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBright structural color derived from the unique helical superstructure of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) has attracted much attention. In addition, fluorescence color is an intrinsic emission upon excitation, which can be observed often under UV light. However, it is a challenge to combine the fluorescence and structural colors to construct a self‐supporting system at the same time. In this work, a photoresponsive cyanostilbene‐based gelator (CSpy‐C10) is synthesized, which emits blue fluorescence in LC. CSpy‐C10 can gel LCs and further construct thermo‐/photoresponsive CLC physical gels. The structural color of the CLCs, fluorescence, and mechanical properties of the gels can be independently regulated due to the separation of the chiral unit and photoresponsive unit with aggregation‐induced emission behavior. Finally, the reversible information encryption including writing and erasing based on the changes in fluorescence are explored. This kind of two‐color material can be applied in the fields ranging from information encryption, fluorescent display to high‐tech anticounterfeiting.
Super‐Stretchable Hybrid Aerogels by Self‐Templating Strategy for Cross‐Media Thermal Management
Authors: Shan Xiameng , Hu Peiying , Wang Jing , Liu Ling , Yuan Dengsen , Zhang Junxiong , Wang Jin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPersonal thermal management (PTM) materials have attracted increasing attention owing to their application for personal comfort in an energy‐saving mode. However, they normally work in the same media such as in the air, and little is known about what will happen in other media like water. In this study, a system for cross‐media thermal management (CMTM): passive cooling in air and thermal insulation underwater is proposed. Hybrid aerogels comprising thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix and superhydrophobic silica aerogel particle (SSAP) for CMTM are designed and synthesized using a thermally induced phase separation and self‐templating strategy. The TPU matrix endows the aerogels with super stretchability (500%), shape memory, and outstanding healing recovery rate (89.9%), which are ideal characteristics for potential wearable usage. Additionally, the TPU and SSAP endow the aerogel with high solar reflectivity and infrared emissivity, thus achieving a sub‐ambient cooling of 10.6 °C in air. Moreover, the SSAP endows the aerogels with low thermal conductivity (0.052 W m−1·K−1) and high hydrophobicity (143°), enabling the aerogels for underwater thermal insulation. The CMTM performance of the aerogels makes them for potential uses in cross‐media environments such as reefs and islands where cooling in air and thermal insulation in water are required.
A comparative analysis of fasciocutaneous versus muscle free flaps in peripheral vascular disease patients
Authors: Bovill John D. , Sayyed Adaah A. , Huffman Samuel S. , Deldar Romina , Haffner Zoë K. , Truong Brian N. , Gupta Nisha , Attinger Christopher E. , Akbari Cameron M. , Evans Karen K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveChronic lower extremity (LE) wounds are common in patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Free tissue transfer (FTT) provides healthy soft tissue for wound coverage and additional blood supply to promote wound healing. Given previous studies demonstrate increased complications in LE fasciocutaneous flaps, it was hypothesized that low vascular resistance in muscle flaps may be more advantageous for wound healing in PVD patients. Therefore, this study compared outcomes in PVD patients undergoing LE reconstruction with fasciocutaneous versus muscle free flaps.MethodsRetrospectively reviewed PVD patients undergoing FTT between 2011 and 2021. Patients were stratified into fasciocutaneous and muscle free flap groups. Primary outcomes included complications, flap success, post‐reconstruction vascular interventions, limb salvage, and ambulatory status.ResultsOne hundred thirteen patients with PVD were identified, of which 60.2% received fasciocutaneous (n = 68) and 39.8% received muscle flaps (n = 45). Forty‐two patients (37.2%) underwent pre‐flap endovascular interventions. Flap success rate was 98.2% (n = 111). Overall complication rate was 41.2% following fasciocutaneous flaps compared to 24.4% in muscle flaps (p = 0.067). Fasciocutaneous flaps had higher odds of ulceration requiring repeat angiogram within 1 year of reconstruction compared to muscle flaps (OR 3.4, 95% CI: 1.07–10.95, p = 0.047), and higher odds of requiring repeat angiogram overall (OR 3.4, 95% CI: 1.07–10.95, p = 0.047). No difference in requiring procedures in the operated limb within 1 year was observed (p = 0.155). At mean follow‐up, there was no difference in limb salvage, ambulatory, and mortality rate between groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that fasciocutaneous flaps had higher postoperative complication rates and more commonly required repeat arteriograms following LE FTT reconstruction due to recurrent ulcerations, suggesting greater utility of muscle flaps for FTT reconstruction in PVD patients.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pelvic pain: A scoping review of treatment protocols, practical indications, and caveats
Authors: Terzoni Stefano , Mora Cristina , Cloconi Constantina , Gaia Giorgia , Sighinolfi Maria C. , Maruccia Serena , Rocco Bernardo , Pinna Barbara , Ferrara Paolo , Parozzi Mauro , Destrebecq Anne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeuromodulation (NM) is a family of therapies based on electrical stimulation to target specific nerves that control LUTS (Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms) and pain. The aim is to modulate what is happening within the nervous system to achieve therapeutic effects. A particular type of neuromodulation, called TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation), has proven effective for treating pelvic pain. The available evidence provides indications regarding the many aspects of TENS that influence therapeutic effects, but a comprehensive review has yet to be conducted.MethodsScoping review on Pubmed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, including clinical trials, reviews, case studies or series, and other descriptive studies, according to the Joanna Briggs and PRISMA methodology.ResultsThe 31 papers retrieved allowed the formulation of precise indications about the DOs and DON'Ts of electrode placement, waveform, pulse duration, pulse frequency, amplitude, session duration, and frequency of sessions. This paper also discusses the biochemical and neuro urological mechanisms of TENS.ConclusionTENS effectiveness is influenced by many factors, some self‐evident, others subtle, which this paper elucidates. Pelvic pain requires a multimodal approach, of which TENS is just a part. TENS should therefore be viewed as one of the components of the rehabilitation program in the frame of thorough and continuous patient assessment.
Cognitive impairment does not impact sacral neuromodulation implant rates for overactive bladder
Authors: Zillioux Jacqueline , Lewis Kevin C. , Hettel Daniel , Goldman Howard B. , Vasavada Sandip P. , Gill Bradley C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of cognitive impairment (CI) diagnoses on sacral neuromodulation (SNM) outcomes in older patients.Materials and MethodsWe completed a retrospective review of all patients aged ≥55 years who underwent test‐phase SNM (peripheral nerve evaluation (PNE) or stage 1) for overactive bladder (OAB) between 2014 and 2021 within a large multi‐regional health system. Patient demographics, relevant comorbidities, CI diagnoses (dementia or mild CI), and SNM procedures were recorded. Logistic regression modeling was performed to evaluate the impact of CI on SNM implantation rates.ResultsFive‐hundred and ten patients underwent SNM test phase (161 PNE, 349 Stage 1) during the study period. The mean age was 71.0(8.5) years, and most (80.6%) were female. Overall, 52(10.1%) patients had a CI diagnosis at the time of SNM, and 30 (5.8%) were diagnosed at a median of 18.5 [9.25, 39.5] months after SNM. Patients with CI diagnoses were older, with more comorbidities, and were more likely to undergo PNE. Univariable comparison found no difference in implantation rate based on pre‐SNM CI (85.4% vs. 76.9%, p = 0.16). Multivariable analysis identified PNE (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.26–0.71), age (OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.93‐0.98), and prior beta‐3 agonist use (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.37‐0.99) but not CI or dementia as independent negative predictors of implantation. Implanted patients had a median follow‐up of 25 [12.0, 55.0] months. Explant and revision rates did not differ according to CI.ConclusionPatients with OAB and CI diagnoses proceed to SNM implant at rates similar to patients without CI diagnoses. A diagnosis of CI should not necessarily exclude patients from SNM therapy for refractory OAB.
Involvement, topics, and roles of nurses in shared decision‐making with patients with dementia in acute hospitals: An integrative review
Authors: Keuning‐Plantinga Annette , Stoffels Josephine , Roodbol Petrie F. , Finnema Evelyn J. , Van Munster Barbara C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo describe nurses' roles, involvement, and topics in shared decision‐making with older patients with dementia in acute hospitals.DesignAn integrative review.MethodsA systematic search was performed until April 2022 in PubMed, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and Cochrane, followed by a manual search on the reference lists of relevant systematic reviews. Studies were independently screened, appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, and extracted by two reviewers.ResultsNine studies were included. Nurses were involved as treatment team members, intermediates, or patient supporters. Nurses' roles were most explicit in the preparatory phase of shared decision‐making. The step of ‘developing tailor‐made options’ was limitedly identified. ‘Deliberating and trying options to reach a decision’ were described from an outsider's perspective in which nurses attempted to influence the decision. In conclusion, nurses primarily have a role in decision‐making by supplementing patient information. Patient and Public Contribution No Patient or Public Contribution.
Superlinear convergence of Anderson accelerated Newton's method for solving stationary Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Xiao Mengying 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article studies the performance Newton's iteration applied with Anderson acceleration for solving the incompressible steady Navier–Stokes equations. We manifest that this method converges superlinearly with a good initial guess, and moreover, a large Anderson depth decelerates the convergence speed comparing to a small Anderson depth. We observe that the numerical tests confirm these analytical convergence results, and in addition, Anderson acceleration sometimes enlarges the domain of convergence for Newton's method.
Trends in obesity prevalence and cardiometabolic risk factor control in US adults with diabetes, 1999–2020
Authors: Hu Gang , Ding Jonathan , Ryan Donna H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTrends in obesity prevalence and trends in control of cardiometabolic risk factors among National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants with diabetes from 1999 through 2020 were analyzed.MethodsAdults who were 20 years or older and who reported having received a diagnosis of diabetes from a physician were included.ResultsThe prevalence of overall obesity, obesity class II, and obesity class III increased from 46.9%, 14.1%, and 10.3% in 1999 to 2002 to 58.1%, 16.6%, and 14.8% in 2015 to 2020, respectively. The prevalence of participants who achieved glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) increased from 42.5% in 1999 to 2002 to 51.8% in 2007 to 2010, then decreased to 48.0% in 2015 to 2020. The prevalence of participants who achieved blood pressure control (<140/90 mmHg) or achieved non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol control (<130 mg/dL) increased throughout the study periods. The prevalence of participants who met all three risk factor goals increased from 8.3% in 1999 to 2002 to 21.2% in 2011 to 2014 and then decreased to 18.5 in 2015 to 2020. Participants with obesity showed worsening glycemic control and lipid control than participants with normal weight.ConclusionsThere were increasing trends in prevalence of obesity, blood pressure control, and lipid control from 1999 to 2002 to 2015 to 2020. Participants with obesity showed worsening glycemic control and lipid control than normal‐weight participants.
Expert Consensus Statement: Management of Pediatric Persistent Obstructive Sleep Apnea After Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Ishman Stacey L. , Maturo Stephen , Schwartz Seth , McKenna Margo , Baldassari Cristina M. , Bergeron Mathieu , Chernobilsky Boris , Ehsan Zarmina , Gagnon Lisa , Liu Yi‐Chun Carol , Smith David F. , Stanley Jeffrey , Zalzal Habib , Dhepyasuwan Nui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo develop an expert consensus statement regarding persistent pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) focused on quality improvement and clarification of controversies. Persistent OSA was defined as OSA after adenotonsillectomy or OSA after tonsillectomy when adenoids are not enlarged.MethodsAn expert panel of clinicians, nominated by stakeholder organizations, used the published consensus statement methodology from the American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery to develop statements for a target population of children aged 2‐18 years. A medical librarian systematically searched the literature used as a basis for the clinical statements. A modified Delphi method was used to distill expert opinion and compose statements that met a standardized definition of consensus. Duplicate statements were combined prior to the final Delphi survey.ResultsAfter 3 iterative Delphi surveys, 34 statements met the criteria for consensus, while 18 statements did not. The clinical statements were grouped into 7 categories: general, patient assessment, management of patients with obesity, medical management, drug‐induced sleep endoscopy, surgical management, and postoperative care.ConclusionThe panel reached a consensus for 34 statements related to the assessment, management and postoperative care of children with persistent OSA. These statements can be used to establish care algorithms, improve clinical care, and identify areas that would benefit from future research.
Current status of gastric and oral infection/diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Noiri Yuichiro , Nagata Ryoko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori is found in the stomach, which is its optimal habitat, and is considered an important factor in various serious diseases, including stomach cancer. The World Health Organization has identified H. pylori as a causative agent of gastric cancer, as confirmed by animal experiments in rodents. The fact that H. pylori can live in the harsh environment of stomach acid was the greatest hindrance to the discovery of H. pylori. It was not so long ago, in 1983, that it was successfully isolated and cultured. Subsequently, H. pylori eradication therapy was established, and it became possible to control gastric cancer to some extent. However, the mechanism, route, and mode of H. pylori infection still remain unclear. Furthermore, currently, the prevention of first‐episode gastric cancer and control of recurrent gastric cancer are not perfect. One of the reasons for this may be that the status of H. pylori in the oral cavity, which is the entry point for the organism (the beginning of the digestive system: the first route of infection), is still unknown. Therefore, we reviewed the current status of H. pylori infection in the stomach and oral cavity, focusing on (1) the mechanism of infection, (2) pathogenic factors, (3) the actual status of eradication therapy, and (4) control strategies.
The Lund taxonomy for bladder cancer classification – from gene expression clustering to cancer cell molecular phenotypes, and back again
Authors: Höglund Mattias , Bernardo Carina , Sjödahl Gottfrid , Eriksson Pontus , Axelson Håkan , Liedberg Fredrik 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTreatment of bladder cancer patients depends on precise diagnosis. Molecular subtyping by gene expression profiling may contribute substantially to subclassification of bladder cancer. Several classification systems have been proposed. Most of these base their classification on whole biopsy features, and molecular subtypes are therefore often defined by a combination of features from the cancer cells as well as infiltrating noncancer cells. This makes the link to what is seen at the cancer cell level unclear. The aim of the Lund taxonomy (LundTax) has been to align gene expression‐level classification with immunohistochemical classification to identify cancer cell phenotypes independent of infiltration and proliferation. A systematic approach was used in which gene expression clusters were validated and adjusted by immunohistochemistry using markers expressed only by the cancer cells. This review provides a rationale for defining molecular subtypes and a step‐by‐step description of the development of the LundTax with motivations for each modification and extension. As the cancer cell phenotype defined by gene expression profiling corresponds with the immunohistochemistry of cancer cells, the LundTax represents a harmonization of the gene expression and immunohistochemical levels. Furthermore, the classification system is independent of pathological stage and is, thus, applicable to all urothelial carcinomas. A unified classification system relevant for both the molecular biologist and pathologist will facilitate systematization of current treatment practices, as well as the development of new treatments. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Reducing the risk of intentional domino effects in process plants: A risk‐based minimax strategy
Authors: Khakzad Nima 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCompared with safety assessment, security risk assessment in chemical and process plants is more challenging. On top of uncertain environmental and operational parameters and interdependent failures, which are common in the safety risk assessment of complex systems and infrastructures, there are other uncertain parameters such as the likelihood of attack scenarios and attackers' expected outcomes. As such, the application of probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) techniques, which have long been applied to safety risk assessment and management, to security risk management may result in nonoptimal or suboptimal decisions. In the present study, we will demonstrate how a combination of PRA and game theory may outperform PRA and lead to a more cost‐effective allocation of security measures. For this purpose, the outcome of a dynamic Bayesian network—as a PRA technique—is used as input to the minimax strategy—as a game theoretic strategy—for security risk management of a tank terminal under attacks with a homemade bomb. The proposed risk‐based minimax strategy alleviates the need for estimation of attack likelihoods or attacker payoffs, which would have otherwise been too challenging to estimate if the analyst solely depended on a PRA technique.