bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FluidFlower Benchmark: Lessons Learned from the Perspective of Subsurface Simulation
Authors: Wapperom Michiel , Tian Xiaoming , Novikov Aleks , Voskov Denis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, we describe our decisions made to perform the FluidFlower simulation study and discuss various aspects of the benchmark that are different from our usual subsurface simulation practice. We will discuss the impact of various modeling choices on the outcomes of the simulation models, such as gridding, discretization, and solver strategies, and the lessons learned, taking into account the different conditions of the FluidFlower study compared to conditions commonly dealt with in subsurface simulation. We will start with a brief description of the DARTS framework utilized for compositional simulation, the thermodynamic and physical modeling related to the atmospheric $$\text{ CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

-brine system, and the modeling workflow used in our benchmark submission. Additionally, we describe a custom nonlinear solver developed for the atmospheric benchmark conditions to improve convergence including the linear solver strategy since our default two-stage preconditioner does not perform effectively. To make meaningful comparisons between each of the modeling choices, we define a baseline model which is a simplified version of our setup in the main FluidFlower benchmark. The baseline model is then used to study the effect of Cartesian and unstructured meshes and a two-point flux approximation compared with a multi-point flux approximation for capturing the physics at play. We conclude our work with lessons learned and future recommendations.
Molecular Classification and Antimicrobial Profiles of Chlorination-Resistant Escherichia Coli at Wastewater Treatment Plant in the North West Province of South Africa
Authors: Makuwa S. , Green E. , Tlou M. , Ndou B. , Fosso-Kankeu E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The resistance of different pathogenic variants of E. coli to antibiotics, is a health concern globally. The study assessed the resistance of 90 E. coli isolates that survived chlorination at a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in North West, South Africa (NW-SA), to 12 different antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The study further assessed the diarrheagenic pathotypes origin of the isolates. The molecular characterization revealed diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes ranged as follows: Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) 16 (17.78%), Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) 6 (6.67%), Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) 5 (5.56%) and Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) 3 (3.33%). A high degree of resistance was observed against sulphamethoxazol (92.22%), while lower resistance was observed against Kanamycin (3.33%), chloramphenicol (5.56%) and ciprofloxacin (6.67%). Multiple drug resistance of three and more antibiotics was observed in 81.11% of the E. coli isolates. The detected diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes showed multiple resistance to different studied antibiotics with Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Indexing (MARI) equal to 0.9 for EIEC and EAEC respectively, followed by ETEC at 0.8 and EPEC at 0.2. The study reveals that the wastewater effluent from the studied plant serves as an important reservoir for the distribution of antibiotic resistant diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes and other potential pathogens to the aquatic milieu, thus confirming potential risk to public health.
Resting-state fractal brain connectivity is associated with impaired cognitive performance in healthy aging
Authors: Czoch Akos , Kaposzta Zalan , Mukli Peter , Stylianou Orestis , Eke Andras , Racz Frigyes Samuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAging affects cognitive functions even in the absence of ongoing pathologies. The neurophysiological basis of age-related cognitive decline (CD), however, is not completely understood. Alterations in both functional brain connectivity and in the fractal scaling of neuronal dynamics have been linked to aging and cognitive performance. Recently, fractal connectivity (FrC) has been proposed — combining the two concepts — for capturing long-term interactions among brain regions. FrC was shown to be influenced by increased mental workload; however, no prior studies investigated how resting-state FrC relates to cognitive performance and plausible CD in healthy aging. We recruited 19 healthy elderly (HE) and 24 young control (YC) participants, who underwent resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) measurements and comprehensive cognitive evaluation using 7 tests of the Cambridge Neurophysiological Test Automated Battery. FrC networks were reconstructed from EEG data using the recently introduced multiple-resampling cross-spectral analysis (MRCSA). Elderly individuals could be characterized with increased response latency and reduced performance in 4–4 tasks, respectively, with both reaction time and accuracy being affected in two tasks. Auto- and cross-spectral exponents — characterizing regional fractal dynamics and FrC, respectively, — were found reduced in HE when compared to YC over most of the cortex. Additionally, fractal scaling of frontoparietal connections expressed an inverse relationship with task performance in visual memory and sustained attention domains in elderly, but not in young individuals. Our results confirm that the fractal nature of brain connectivity — as captured by MRCSA — is affected in healthy aging. Furthermore, FrC appears as a sensitive neurophysiological marker of age-related CD.
Spatial Statistical Analysis of Shipwreck Sites: A Methodological Proposal
Authors: Santos Joel , Bettencourt José 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpatial statistical analysis is almost absent from research on underwater archaeological contexts. However, the information obtained using this approach would allow the reconstruction of depositional dynamics and the exploration of distribution patterns related to the ships’ on-board organization. This paper proposes a six-step methodology that will contribute to reducing the current gap in the use of spatial statistical analysis of shipwreck sites. This methodology will be tested in two distinct case studies, the Uluburun and the Tortugas wrecks, showing that the same protocol can be useful in the interpretation of different shipwrecks, in sites with a coherent distribution during their formation process. Using statistical tools, this methodology will strengthen context awareness, confirming, refuting, or adding new perspectives to previous interpretations. Finally, the way the framework was built will allow its replication in other sites.
Sustainable coatings based on core–shell pigments to enhance antibacterial and other beneficial paper properties
Authors: Mohamed M. G. , Ahmed N. M. , Samir M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPaper manufacturers are constantly looking for new methods to improve coated paper properties. Pigments are encountered in paper coatings to add new functions. For example, titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) and talc are considered among the best-known pigments used in paper coating and manufacturing due to their whiteness and other beneficial properties. Nevertheless, talc has a weak dispersion during which its particles agglomerate, and this disadvantage needs to be overcome before its application which means higher cost. Therefore, in this work, a core–shell technique is used to modify the talc surface and enhance its dispersion in order to promote its use in improving the properties of the paper. Core–shell pigments are composed of a thin shell of (nano- and micronized) titanium dioxide precipitated on talc particles. These prepared talc/TiO2 core–shell pigments were characterized using various techniques such as XRF, SEM, and TEM, and then they were incorporated in paper coatings to evaluate their effect on the different properties of the coated papers. The results showed that nano-talc/TiO2 with the obtained unique chemical and morphological structure has improved the physical, mechanical, and optical properties of the coated papers besides improving their antimicrobial activity, especially when compared to papers coated with micronized talc/TiO2.
Building and Maintaining Self-Efficacy Beliefs: A Study of Entry-Level Vocational Education and Training Teachers
Authors: Gagnon Nathalie , Dubeau Annie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNew vocational education and training (VET) teachers in Quebec (Canada), as in other countries (e.g., France, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United States), face specific challenges and experience an atypical process of entry into the teaching profession. In addition to the known professional induction challenges, which requires numerous adjustments in terms of organizational integration and socialization as well as on a personal level, new VET teachers also experience a major professional and identity transition: they shift from experts in their field to novices in the teaching field. Moreover, as they are not generally trained in pedagogy, new teachers must enroll in a mandatory teaching bachelor’s program once they are fully in charge of a class and its educational responsibilities. This complex process calls for a closer look at ways to facilitate their induction experience. Specifically, because it is closely related to motivation, engagement, and performance, this study focuses on their perceived self-efficacy as teachers. This study focused on 21 new VET teachers in the francophone province of Quebec, Canada, and aim to identify different strategies through which they succeeded in developing and maintaining their self-efficacy: strategies related to 1) the work of teaching, 2) mobilization of resources, 3) professional development, and 4) attitudes and well-being at work. These strategies allow us to gain a deeper understanding of previously unexplored aspects of the reality of these teachers, and to propose avenues for the development of interventions targeting their needs.
Nonexistence of solutions to fractional parabolic problem with general nonlinearities
Authors: Zhang Lihong , Liu Yuchuan , Nieto Juan J. , Wang Guotao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this content, we investigate a class of fractional parabolic equation with general nonlinearities $$\begin{aligned} \frac{\partial z(x,t)}{\partial t}-(\Delta +\lambda )^{\frac{\beta }{2}}z(x,t)=a(x_{1})f(z), \end{aligned}$$

∂
z
(
x
,
t
)

∂
t

-

(
Δ
+
λ
)

β
2

z

(
x
,
t
)

=
a

(

x
1

)

f

(
z
)

,

where a and f are nondecreasing functions. We first prove that the monotone increasing property of the positive solutions in $$x_{1}$$

x
1

direction. Based on this, nonexistence of the solutions are obtained by using a contradiction argument. We believe these new ideas we introduced will be applied to solve more fractional parabolic problems.
Optimisation of seat reservations on trains to minimise transfer distances
Authors: Weicker Karsten 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel optimisation problem motivated by the real-world application of transferring between trains. The driving idea is to minimise the walking distances of all transferring passengers by optimising the assignment of passengers to railcarriages in the seat reservation process. The focus of this work is on formalising and modelling the problem, which has not been studied before. It aims to provide a framework for future considerations. We present three versions of the problem with increasing difficulty: one-train-one-station, one-train-many-stations, and a general problem with multiple trains and stations. Since the simplest version of the problem is a pure assignment problem in the form of minimum-cost bipartite matching, our problem modelling and algorithmic solution approach remain closely related to maxflow problems as they represent a proven method for assignment problems. However, even the one-train-many-stations problem cannot be solved by transforming it into a standard maximum-flow problem. The main result shown is the NP-hardness of the general problem.
A Review on Monitoring of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater Using Electrochemical Approach
Authors: Idris Azeez Olayiwola , Orimolade Benjamin , Dennany Lynn , Mamba Bhekie , Azizi Shohreh , Kaviyarasu K. , Maaza Malik 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This review focuses on monitoring selected organic contaminants utilising an electrochemistry technique due to intrinsic benefits such as simplicity, portability, cost, and improved sensitivity. Because the presence of organic pollutants in water causes a variety of health issues such as tumour, headaches, tiredness, and developmental abnormalities, it is critical to explore an effective approach to quantifying these contaminants in various matrices. Although remarkable results have been documented in the use of conventional techniques in the quantification of organic pollutants, owing to high costs, longer pre-concentration steps and analysis times, high power consumption, and the need for sophisticated skilled personnel, their applications for monitoring organic pollutants on-site have been hampered. The electrochemistry approach has emerged to address the difficulties that have hindered the use of traditional approaches for quantifying organic contaminants in water. Thus, the purpose of this review is to examine the concept of employing electrochemistry techniques to determine organic contaminants in various matrixes, and various recommendations for future research have been highlighted.

Graphical Abstract

This diagram illustrates the steps involved in creating a sensor utilising nanomaterial and connected to a three-electrode system. The nanomaterial is immobilised onto the surface of the working electrode. A suitable potentiostat is then employed to generate the current signal of the reaction between the sensor and the desired analyte.
Vegetable substrates as an alternative for the inclusion of lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential in food matrices
Authors: Bernal-Castro Camila , Espinosa-Poveda Elpidia , Gutiérrez-Cortés Carolina , Díaz-Moreno Consuelo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVegetable substrates are food matrices with micronutrients, antioxidants, and fiber content with a high potential for bioprocesses development. In addition, they have been recognized as essential sources of a wide range of phytochemicals that, individually or in combination, can act as bioactive compounds with potential benefits to health due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and recently due to their status as prebiotics in the balance of the human intestinal microbiota. This systematic review explores the benefits of lactic fermentation of plant matrices such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, and cereals by bacteria with probiotic potential, guaranteeing cell viability (106–107 CFU/mL) and generating bioactive metabolic products for modulation of the gut microbiome.
Surgical treatment of tracheal stenosis during Covid-19 era: a single-center experience and lessons learnt on the field
Authors: Bacchin Diana , Aprile Vittorio , Lenzini Alessandra , Korasidis Stylianos , Mastromarino Maria Giovanna , Picchi Alessandro , Fanucchi Olivia , Ribechini Alessandro , Ambrogi Marcello Carlo , Lucchi Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSARS-CoV2 outbreak led to several healthcare system challenges, especially concerning respiratory support to Covid-19 patients. In the first 2 years of pandemic (2020–2021), we assisted to a marked increase of post-invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) tracheal stenosis incidence, many of them requiring surgical treatment, namely resection and primary end-to-end anastomosis. Our aim is to describe our experience during the abovementioned biennium, focusing on postoperative outcomes of patients who have had Covid-19 (“post-Covid”). We retrospectively collected pre-, intra- and postoperative data on all patients who underwent tracheal surgery for benign stenosis in our Unit from May 2020 to October 2021, including previous Covid-19. Comparison between “post-Covid-19” and “non-Covid-19” groups’ outcomes was then performed. Patients were 9 males and 6 females, and mean age was 57.4 ± 13.21 years. Nine patients had previous Covid-19 (60%). All patients underwent multidisciplinary preoperative evaluation. Almost every operation was conducted by cervicotomy, and the mean length of the resected specimen was 23.9 ± 6.5 mm. Postoperative complications were: dysphonia (3 cases), wound infection (1), bleeding (1), ab-ingestis pneumonia (1), anastomosis dehiscence (2), and stenosis recurrence (1). Thirty-day mortality rate was 6.7% (1 patient). No significant differences between “post-Covid-19” and “non-Covid-19” groups were identified. Pathology revealed, in 5 “post-Covid-19” patients, signs of vasculitis or perivascular inflammatory infiltrate. Tracheal stenosis’ surgical treatment has always been known as a challenging procedure because of high perioperative morbidity and mortality rates. Our experience shows that previous Covid-19 and ongoing pandemic did not significantly affect perioperative outcomes of patients who underwent tracheal resection and primary end-to-end anastomosis in a high-volume Center and after multidisciplinary workup.
Graphical abstract
Blow-up solutions of damped Klein–Gordon equation on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Ruzhansky Michael , Sabitbek Bolys 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe prove the blow-up of solutions of the semilinear damped Klein–Gordon equation in a finite time for arbitrary positive initial energy on the Heisenberg group. This work complements the paper Ruzhansky and Tokmagambetov (J Differ Equ 265(10):5212–5236, 2018), where the global in time well-posedness was proved for the small energy solutions.
A Bayesian actor-oriented multilevel relational event model with hypothesis testing procedures
Authors: Vieira Fabio , Leenders Roger , McFarland Daniel , Mulder Joris 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRelational event network data are becoming increasingly available. Consequently, statistical models for such data have also surfaced. These models mainly focus on the analysis of single networks; while in many applications, multiple independent event sequences are observed, which are likely to display similar social interaction dynamics. Furthermore, statistical methods for testing hypotheses about social interaction behavior are underdeveloped. Therefore, the contribution of the current paper is twofold. First, we present a multilevel extension of the dynamic actor-oriented model, which allows researchers to model sender and receiver processes separately. The multilevel formulation enables principled probabilistic borrowing of information across networks to accurately estimate drivers of social dynamics. Second, a flexible methodology is proposed to test hypotheses about common and heterogeneous social interaction drivers across relational event sequences. Social interaction data between children and teachers in classrooms are used to showcase the methodology.
Development of a practical guideline for person centred goal setting in geriatric rehabilitation: a participatory action research
Authors: Wattel Elizabeth M. , de Groot Aafke J. , Deetman-van der Breggen Sacha , Bonthuis Robin , Jongejan Niels , Tol-Schilder Marina M. R. , van der Wouden Johannes C. , Gobbens Robbert 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To improve goal setting in Geriatric Rehabilitation (GR), by developing an evidence-based practical guideline for patient-centred goal setting.

Methods
Participatory action research (PAR) in a cyclical process, with GR professionals as co-researchers. Each cycle consisted of five phases: problem analysis, literature review, development, practical experience, feedback & evaluation. The evaluation was based on video recordings of goal setting conversations, and on oral and written feedback of the GR professionals who tested the guideline.

Results
In two PAR-cycles the guideline was developed, consisting of eight recommendations for setting and using goals, and of practical advices elaborating three of the recommendations, concerning conversational skills specific for goal setting conversations. After the second cycle the research team concluded that the guideline was feasible in daily practice and effective when used consciously.

Conclusion
In this study, a practical guideline for setting and using goals in GR was developed. GR teams can improve their patient centred working with goals by discussing the recommendations in their team and choosing the recommendations to work on. This can be supported by the development of an interdisciplinary training. The effect on quality of care should be subject to further investigation.
Low-Frequency Ultrawide Band Gap Study of Symmetric Conical Scatterer Phononic Crystal
Authors: Tang Rongjiang , Lu Taoqi , Zheng Weiguang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
One of the key challenges in the research of phononic crystals is achieving small-size control of large wavelengths, which means obtaining low-frequency band gaps with relatively small lattice dimensions. Previous studies have mostly been unsatisfactory in this regard. To obtain lower starting frequencies and more satisfactory band gap widths, this work presents a novel design for a phononic crystal structure.

Design Approach
The proposed phononic crystal consists of a silicon rubber connecting plate, an epoxy resin substrate, and tungsten metal cone scatterers. Through finite element method (FEM) calculations and analysis, we have successfully achieved an ultrawide band gap. To delve further into the origin of the ultra-wideband gap in a newly conceived phononic crystal, the vibrational modes of this crystal were carefully studied.

Findings
This work has successfully achieved an ultrawide band gap with a width ranging from 122.47 to 4360.2 in the case of a lattice constant of a = 8.5 mm. It was found that the low-frequency ultra-wideband gap cannot be obtained without the presence of silicone rubber. Furthermore, an equivalent spring model was developed, and the accuracy of this model was successfully validated through meticulous calculations. At last, It is found that d1, d4, h1, and h3 have the most pronounced effect on the ultrawide bandgap, and the intrinsic reason is the fact that they determine the geometric structure of the silicone rubber connection plate.

Research Limitations/implications
Due to the chosen research method of finite element analysis, the study results may vary depending on the different mesh discretizations, but this type of error is small and can be ignored.

Practical Implications
This work provides a new design solution for phononic crystal miniaturization.

Originality/value
Compared with previous reports, the new phonon crystals designed in this paper have smaller size, lower starting frequency, and wider band gap.
Energy consumption forecast in peer to peer energy trading
Authors: Hassan Hend G. , Shahin Ahmed A. , Ziedan Ibrahim E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study predicts future values of energy consumption demand from a novel dataset that includes the energy consumption during COVID-19 lockdown, using up-to-date deep learning algorithms to reduce peer-to-peer energy system losses and congestion. Three learning algorithms, namely Random Forest (RF), Bi-LSTM, and GRU, were used to predict the future values of a building’s energy consumption. The results were compared using the RMSE and MAE evaluation metrics. The results show that predicting the future energy demand with accurate results is achievable, and that Bi-LSTM and GRU perform better, especially when trained as univariate models with only the energy consumption values and no other features included.