bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intramedullary Fixation for Pediatric Femoral Nonunion in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Furdock Ryan J. , Huang Lauren F. , Ochenjele George , Zirkle Lewis G. , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Pediatric femoral shaft nonunion after use of a plate or intramedullary nail (IMN) is uncommon in the United States. In low and middle-income countries, as defined by The World Bank, these complications may occur with greater frequency. We assessed the rates of union and painless weight-bearing after IMN fixation of pediatric femoral shaft nonunion in lower-resource settings.

Methods:
We queried the SIGN (Surgical Implant Generation Network) Fracture Care International online database to identify all pediatric femoral shaft nonunions that had occurred since 2003 and had ≥3 months of follow-up after their treatment; our query identified 85 fractures in 83 patients. We defined nonunion as failure of initial instrumentation >90 days following its placement, lack of radiographic progression on radiographs made >3 months apart, or the absence of signs of radiographic healing >6 months after initial instrumentation. We evaluated the most recent follow-up radiograph to determine a Radiographic Union Scale in Tibial fractures (RUST) score. We also recorded rates of painless full weight-bearing as assessed by the treating surgeon.

Results:
Fifty-seven patients with pediatric femoral shaft nonunions (including 42 male and 15 female patients from 18 countries) were included. The average age (and standard deviation) at the time of revision surgery was 13.8 ± 3.0 years (range, 6 to 17 years). The median duration of follow-up was 67 weeks (range, 13 weeks to 7.7 years). The initial instrumentation that went on to implant failure included plate constructs (56%), non-SIGN IMNs (40%), and SIGN IMNs (4%). At the time of the latest follow-up, 52 patients (91%) had a RUST score of ≥10 and 51 (89%) had painless full weight-bearing. No patient had radiographic evidence of femoral head osteonecrosis at the time of complete fracture-healing or the latest follow-up.

Conclusions:
Pediatric femoral shaft nonunion can occur after both plate and IMN fixation in low and middle-income countries. IMN fixation is an effective and safe treatment for these injuries.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Impacto de las campañas de comunicación social en la vida de mujeres defensoras de cuerpos-territorio en el Perú:
Authors: Ruíz Alvarado Inés , Flores Zumelzu Andrea 
Published: July 2023

En la última década, las campañas de comunicación de los grupos sociales que luchan y resisten contra la explotación arbitraria de los bienes comunes han sido realizadas por iniciativa de organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) nacionales e internacionales que utilizan como estrategia un caso emblemático para dar a visibilizar y sensibilizar a la ciudadanía sobre esta problemática social. El artículo es el resultado de una investigación interdisciplinaria situada en los estudios de género y las comunicaciones con entrevistas a la defensora Máxima Acuña Atalaya y su familia, y se basa en el concepto de cuerpo-territorio (Silva Santisteban, 2017) e ideas sobre luchas ecoterritoriales (Svampa, 2021).
A través de un estudio que utiliza como método de análisis el archivo digital sobre la participación de Máxima Acuña en las campañas de comunicación social, y de entrevistas personales, se investiga la construcción de narrativas hegemónicas y contrahegemónicas. El estudio evidencia un proceso de comunicación donde se establece un relato coral, pero que, a medida que el caso toma mayor relevancia y atención internacional en mass media, las narrativas que se elaboran se transforman de una lucha colectiva a una individual. Del mismo modo, evidenciamos que, a consecuencia de estas campañas, la vida de las defensoras como Máxima Acuña, cuya intimidad queda expuesta, se ve afectada, ya que es utilizada para diferentes fines de deslegitimación por parte de empresas mineras.
Design and development of 2 x 2 RF MIMO LNA with improved performance characteristics
Authors: Hajamohideen Masood M H , H Umma Habiba , Kunnath Rajesh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, design and development of a 2x2 MIMO RF front end is demonstrated. It has an RF board with commercial transceiver chips and operates at 2.4GHz. In the RF front end the transmitting and receiving paths are separated by using switches. These switches are controlled by transmitter and receiver switches. The signals are then recombined after amplification on both sides. Many advances in radio design and architecture are now allowing for rapid changes in the field of radio design. These changes allow reduction of size, cost, complexity and improve manufacturing by using digital components to replace unreliable and in-accurate analog components. For this to happen, many advances in semiconductor design and fabrication were required and have come to fruition over the last few years. Some of these advances include better integrated mixers, LNA, improved SAW filters, lower cost high performance ADCs and programmable digital tuners and filters.
Meta-Learning based Time-varying Channel Estimation with ICI Cancellation in High-speed Mobile OFDM Systems
Authors: Yang Lihua , Ren Lulu , Shao Yongqi , Chang Ao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A meta-learning (ML) based time-varying channel estimation method with inter-carrier interference (ICI) cancellation is proposed for the high-speed mobile OFDM systems. To reduce the effect of the ICI caused by the Doppler shift on the accuracy of channel estimation, a improved transformation matrix is given to transform the transmitted signal with the comb-type pilot in the frequency domain into the one with the block-type pilot in the time domain, which can reduce the interference of the neighboring data symbols to the pilots. Since the ML network has ability to quickly adapt to the new channel scenario, it is employed to estimate the time-varying channel only by the received ICI-free pilots. To improve the practicability of the estimation model, the training target of the network is set as the channel estimation with high accuracy rather than the ideal channel state information. Simulation results show that the proposed method has high estimation accuracy and low computational complexity, and it is robust to the fast time-varying channel in the high-speed mobile scenarios.
Tenki Weather Prediction Model
Authors: CT Manimegalai , Muthu Kali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The activities of most sectors rely upon the climate. The environment is changing at an exceptional rate these days, which makes the old forecast strategies less powerful. To foresee the climate, a model is proposed, which combines data preparing, sensors, Google Dataset and machine learning to provide real-time weather monitoring and accomplish climate figures through prescient models valuable for individuals to know the climate conditions constantly.
Path tracking optimization of tractor-trailer wheeled platforms taken into account the wheels dynamics
Authors: Nazemizadeh mostafa , kolahi pouya mallahi , gandomkar mohamadreza 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Tractor-trailer wheeled platforms are recognized as articulated robotic platforms contain a frontrunner active mobile platform (the tractor) pulling one or more passive ones (the trailers). These categories of mobile platforms are broadly implemented in cooperative activities thanks to their novel features like as: maximum load carrying capacity and minimum energy consumption. The presented article deals with path tracking optimization of the tractor-trailer moving platform employing indirect method of the optimal control. Firstly, the nonlinear motion relations of the modular platform are obtained pertaining to kinematic constraints and inertia characteristics of wheels. Then, the obtained dynamic equations are supposed as constraints of the problem and an appropriate objective criterion is determined for the optimal trajectory tracking. Then, the problem is solved and various simulations are presented. The obtained results reveal proficiency and applicability of the proposed procedure for the optimal tracking of the tractor-trailer wheeled mobile platforms.
The analysis of HPV integration sites based on nanopore sequencing and the profiling changes along the course of photodynamic therapy
Authors: Li Xiulan , Wei Xiaoke , Liu Xin , Wang Nan , Xu Fuqiang , Liu Xingyu , Li Yanmei , Zhou Yuxiang , Tang Huadong , Bian Meina , Hou Ying , Zhang Lili , Wang Weiwei , Liu Qing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To detect the HPV genotype and integration sites in patients with high-risk HPV infection at different stages of photodynamic therapy using nanopore technology and to evaluate the treatment effect.
METHODS
Four patients with HPV infection were selected and subjected to photodynamic therapy, and cervical exfoliated cell was sampled at before treatment, after three courses of treatment and six courses of treatment, their viral abundance and insertion sites were analyzed by nanopore technology, and pathological examinations were performed before and after treatment. In this study, we developed a novel assay that combined viral sequence enrichment and Nanopore sequencing for identification of HPV genotype and integration sites at once. The assay has obvious advantages over qPCR or NGS-based methods, as it has better sensitivity after via sequences enrichment and can generate long-reads (kb to Mb) for better detection rate of structure variations, moreover, fast turn-around time for real-time viral sequencing and analysis.
RESULTS
The pathological grade was reduced in all four patients after photodynamic therapy. Virus has been cleared in two cases after treatment, the virus amount reduced after treatment but not completely cleared in one case, and two type viruses were cleared and one type virus persisted after treatment in the last patient with multiple infection. Viral abundance and the number of integration sites were positively correlated. Gene enrichment analysis showed complete viral clearance in 1 patient and 3 patients required follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Nanopore sequencing can effectively monitor the abundance of HPV viruses and integration sites to show the presence status of viruses, and combined with the results of gene enrichment analysis, the treatment effect can be dynamically assessed.
Optimal application of theory in control of unmanned air-craft system - Quadrotor
Authors: Pham Duc Anh , Han Seung Hun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), particularly Drone-Quadrotors, have gained immense popularity and attracted significant attention. Stability control development and research have emerged as prominent areas of interest among researchers. This study focuses on the design of a controller for a series of quadrotor UAVs with the goal of achieving optimal control while ensuring stability and reaching the desired setpoint. Additionally, our investigation reveals that for miniature UAVs, the internal force acting on the quadrotor is comparatively negligible when compared to the force generated by the control signal. As a result, the non-holonomic nature of the system can be disregarded in the kinetic model of the miniature UAV, while still maintaining satisfactory kinetic performance with the designed controller. The research findings are simulated, compared, and presented using Matlab/Simulink, demonstrating the high efficiency and reliability of the proposed controller.
Hidden impacts of climate change on biological responses of marine life
Authors: Alter Katharina , Jacquemont Juliette , Claudet Joachim , Lattuca María E. , Barrantes María E. , Marras Stefano , Manríquez Patricio , González Claudio P. , Fernández Daniel A. , Peck Myron A. , Cattano Carlo , Milazzo Marco , Mark Felix , Domenici Paolo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Conflicting results remain on how climate change affects the biological performance of different marine taxa, hindering our capacity to predict the future state of marine ecosystems. Using a novel meta-analytical approach, we tested for directional changes and deviations across biological responses of fish and invertebrates from exposure to warming (OW), acidification (OA), and their combination. In addition to the established effects of climate change on calcification, survival and metabolism, we found deviations in the physiology, reproduction, behavior, and development of fish and invertebrates, resulting in a doubling of responses significantly affected when compared to directional changes. Widespread deviations of responses were detected even under moderate (IPCC RCP6-level) OW and OA for 2100, while directional changes were mostly limited to more severe (RCP 8.5) exposures. Because such deviations may result in ecological shifts impacting ecosystem structure and processes, our results suggest that OW and OA will likely have stronger impacts than those previously predicted based on directional changes alone.
The Relationship Between the Duration and the Retraction and Atrophy Levels in Traumatic Isolated Full-Thickness Supraspinatus Tears in Young Patients
Authors: ILYAS Gokhan , IPCI Fikri Burak , GOKALP Oguzhan , EGELI Ercument 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The study aimed to determine the level of retraction and atrophy according to the time elapsed in traumatic isolated full-thickness supraspinatus (SS) tears in young patients.
Methods
One thousand twenty-six patients, who underwent arthroscopic shoulder surgery, were retrospectively reviewed. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 69 patients aged 18 to 40 years with isolated traumatic full-thickness SS lesions remaining after exclusion criteria were evaluated for tendon retraction and atrophy levels. SS retraction was determined from a T2-weighted oblique coronal MRI section, and the atrophy level was determined from the T1-weighted oblique sagittal MRI section. The patients were divided into four groups 0–1 month, 1–3 months, 3–6 months, and 6–12 months according to the time between trauma and MRI. The relationship of tendon retraction and muscle atrophy with elapsed time was evaluated, in addition, comparisons between groups were made.
Results
Thirty-one (45%) of the patients were female and their mean age was 30 ± 7.3 (18–40) years. The mean age of men was 30.5 ± 6.9 (18–39) years (p = 0.880). The time between rupture and MRI was moderately correlated with retraction and strongly correlated with atrophy levels (r = 0.599, .751, respectively). It was observed that there was a statistically significant difference between the 1st (0–1 month) and 2nd (1–3 months) groups (p = 0.003, .001, respectively), and between the 2nd and 3rd (3–6 months) groups (p = 0.032, .002, respectively), but there was no significant difference between the 3rd and 4th (6–12 months) groups (p = 0.118, .057, respectively). In addition, there was a moderate correlation between tendon retraction and atrophy levels (r = 0.668). Power (1- b) in post hoc analysis was calculated as 0.826.
Conclusions
In traumatic full-thickness SS tears, the moderate positive correlation between the time elapsed after trauma with the level of retraction, and a strong correlation with the level of atrophy showed the importance of early surgical repair in young patients.
Effect and prediction of molecular subtype, metastatic site and treatment for early death in non-small cell lung cancer: A SEER-based study
Authors: cao zhuo , yao rui , hu jiapei , Hou Xiaomin , Liu Hang , li ke 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:
early death in patients with non-small cell lung cancer remains an unresolved issue. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the risk factors for early death in non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to identify associated risk factors and develop a predictive nomogram for the early death of non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Research method:
We enrolled 51529 patients in SEER Database who were 60 years or older, diagnosed with primary non-small cell lung cancer, from 2010 to 2016. All patients were randomly divided into training and testing sets at 7:3. Multivariate COX proportional hazard regression was used to identify independent risk variables for early death. Use K-M survival curve to compare different molecular subtypes, metastatic sites, and treatment methods on the survival status of lung cancer patients. A predictive nomogram was developed to predict the 1-year overall survival (OS) and then validated by calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS:
Eight independent variables, including race, sex, age, tumor size, AJCC M, molecular subtype, metastatic site and treatment were recognized by using multivariate COX proportional hazard regression model for identifying independent risk variables of early death about non-small cell lung cancer patients. By comprising these variables, a predictive nomogram was constructed in the training set cohort. In the nomogram of 1-year overall survival, the areas under the ROC curves were 0.781 (95% CI: 0.771–0.804) and for the training dataset as well as (95% CI: 0.761–0.821) for the validation dataset. Then, the consistency between the predicted and actual overall survival was confirmed by the calibration curves. Additionally, the results of the DCA indicated that the predictive model had a favorable clinical applicability.
Conclusion:
In the early stages of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), different molecular subtypes, metastatic sites, and treatment methods can significantly affect the survival rate of patients. The nomogram model developed in this study provides an insightful and applicable tool for predicting the risk of early mortality in NSCLC patients. It can help clinicians identify patients at high risk of early death and tailor their treatment plans accordingly, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Galectin-9 interacts with Vamp-3 to regulate cytokine secretion in dendritic cells
Authors: Méndez Rui Santalla , Furones Andrea Rodgers , Classens René , Fedorova Kristina , Haverdil Manon , Capdevila Marta Canela , Duffelen Anne van , Spruijt Cornelia G , Vermeulen Michiel , Beest Martin ter , Spriel Annemiek van , Cano Laia Querol 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Intracellular vesicle transport is essential for cellular homeostasis and is partially mediated by SNARE proteins. Endosomal trafficking to the plasma membrane ensures cytokine secretion in dendritic cells (DCs) and the initiation of immune responses. Despite its critical importance, the specific molecular agents that regulate DC cytokine secretion are poorly characterised. Galectin-9, a ß-galactoside-binding protein, has emerged as a novel cellular modulator although its exact intracellular roles in regulating (immune) cell homeostasis and vesicle transport are virtually unknown. We investigated galectin-9 function in primary human DCs and report that galectin-9 is essential for intracellular cytokine trafficking to the cell surface. Galectin-9-depleted DCs accumulate cytokine-containing vesicles in the Golgi complex that eventually undergo lysosomal degradation. We observed galectin-9 to molecularly interact with Vamp-3 using immunoprecipitation-mass-spectrometry and identified galectin-9 was required for rerouting Vamp-3-containing endosomes upon DC activation as the underlying mechanism. Overall, this study identifies galectin-9 as a necessary mechanistic component for intracellular trafficking. This may impact our general understanding of vesicle transport and shed new light into the multiple roles galectins play in governing cell function.
Weathering of accretionary orogens as a trigger for the Cambrian Explosion
Authors: Zhu Mingshuai , Zhang Yinggang , Pastor-Galán Daniel , Smit Matthijs , Mills Benjamin J. W. , Zhang Fuqin , Guilmette Carl , Miao Laicheng , Li Shun , Ganbat Ariuntsetseg , Yang Shunhu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Cambrian Explosion (540-515 Ma ago) is arguably the most significant evolutionary transition after the origin of life. A variety of environmental perturbations including rising oxygen levels, changes in ocean chemistry and increased bio-essential elements have been correlated to this rapid faunal diversification. Anomalously high weathering fluxes from the continents to the oceans are hypothesized to cause these perturbations, but there is no obvious candidate to produce such enhanced weathering events. The Gondwana’s peripheral orogens and Central Asian Orogenic Belt, provide a unique and unrecognized global accretionary orogen (>18,500 km) concomitant to the Cambrian Explosion, larger than the so-far recognized Cambrian collisional orogens. Our modeling results suggest that the increased weathering of phosphorus from these Cambrian accretionary orogenic belts would stimulate marine primary productivity, increase atmospheric O2, and promote the expansion of shallow-ocean oxygenation at a time coincident with the Cambrian Explosion.
High GLUT1 membrane expression and low PSMA membrane expression in Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Intraductal Carcinoma of the prostate
Authors: Cai Yi , Wang Xingming , Zhou Li , Qi Lin , Zhang Ye , Yin Hong-ling , Gan Yu , Gao Xiaomei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Both Ductal Adenocarcinoma (DAC) and Intraductal Carcinoma (IDC) of the prostate are generally associated with aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis, which were linked with discordant FDG positivity and low Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) expression. A recent study only cited a DAC patient with low 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT uptake but high 18F-FDG PET/CT uptake, however, there is lack of directly compared articles nor large data sets. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the expression of PSMA and GLUT1 in DAC and IDC-P patients.
METHODS
The study was conducted on 87 DAC or/and IDC-P patients without any treatment and 97 PAC patients with a Gleason score ≥ 8 of prostate biopsies and prostatectomy samples between August 2017 and August 2022. We performed immunohistochemical staining and scoring of various cancer component samples from the patients to reflect the protein expression levels of PSMA and GLUT1.
RESULTS
PSMA expression in PAC was significantly higher than in DAC/IDC-P (141.2 vs 78.6, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in PSMA expression between DAC/IDC-P and adjacent PAC (78.6 vs 93.4, p = 0.166). GLUT1 expression was higher in DAC/IDC-P than in adjacent PAC (68.6 vs 51.3, p = 0.007), but was still lower than that in pure PAC (68.6 vs 93.1, p = 0.0014). It is worth noting that GLUT1 membrane expression in DAC/IDC-P was significantly increased than in pure PAC (13.0 vs 6.6, p = 0.025), and in PAC adjacent to DAC/IDC-P (13.0 vs 2.0, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
In DAC/IDC-P tissues, PSMA expression is low, while GLUT1 expression, especially GLUT1 membrane expression is high. These findings imply that DAC/IDC-P may have higher glucose metabolic and raise interest in targeting membrane GLUT1 as a novel anticancer strategy for DAC/IDC-P and other prostate cancer with high glucose metabolism.