bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward sustainable pavement: Surface Evaluation of Experimental Highway Section Containing Additives
Authors: Al-Mosawy Rusul F. SH. , Al-Obaedi Jalal T. S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Highway pavements are usually subjected to many types of failures “distresses” since these pavements are exposed to traffic load and weather conditions. Therefore, many agents tried to enhance the asphalt mixes to reduce the possibility and severity of distresses by adding additives to replace small amount of binder (bitumen). SBS in one of the most used additives that been used in many states. In recent years, the SBS has been used in pavement of about 1.2km to be experimental sections within Basra-Baghdad expressway. This paper examines the pavement condition index (PCI) for the experimental section after about six years form been paved and exposed to traffic. So far, only minimal distresses including cracks and potholes were recorded without reducing the initial PCI value of 100. Further work will be followed to examine the mechanical properties of the layers such as the indirect tensile strength and rutting resistance.
Using Short Ultra-High Performance Concrete Link Slab as an Alternative to Steel Dowel Bars in Rigid Pavements
Authors: kinaine Alaa Faisal , Al-Jelawy Haider M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To prevent problems from occurring at the joint region in bridge construction, link slab was introduced to hide the apparent expansion joint and retain its function. This research describes experimental tests that investigate the use of an ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), for its high sustainability properties, as a short link slab instead of apparent expansion joints and their respective steel dowels in joint plain concrete pavement (JPCP) while maintaining the expansion joint’s proper function. Similar to dowelled joints, the proposed joint distributes load between adjoining slabs while allowing for contraction and expansion of the pavement due to temperature and moisture variations. Modified cantilever tests were conducted on JPCP slab segments with regular dowelled joints and UHPC link slab joints to investigate the load-deflection response and load transfer of both joints and make comparison. The experimental results showed that UHPC link slab specimens exhibited less deflection at the face of the joint and less relative deflection between the adjoining slabs than steel dowel bar specimens. The test outcomes also showed that joint width did not have a noticeable influence on the load-deflection behavior of the UHPC link slab specimens, but it obviously affected the dowelled joints. Also, UHPC link slab specimens showed an improvement in ultimate load capacity by 23.33% and 11% compared with dowelled joints. Furthermore, the UHPC link slab joints exhibited a better load transfer between slab segments than the dowelled joints. It was concluded that even a short link slab can be superior to standard dowelled joints
Regional Transportation’s Planning Implications for Large Cities
Authors: Abdulwahab A M , Aboud G M , Obaid I , Jaheed A K , Salah B 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInternationally, the number of large cities and megacities is growing. The way major cities and megacities manage their unique advantages and hazards will either degrade or improve the quality of life for their residents. Lack of new transportation garages in the areas and suburbs of Baghdad Governorate that can accommodate foreign trips and redistribute them before entering the boundaries of Baghdad Municipality of, unplanned spatial distribution of existing transit garages, and no plans to define and separate external transport trips from internal trips, which are part of the management of the transport system. Due to heavy traffic flow between vehicles and pedestrians as well as between vehicles themselves, the area around public garage suffers, which has a severe impact on the city’s ability to breathe and its connections to other areas. The goals of the current study are to ascertain the impact of regional transportation on Baghdad transportation planning, specifically in terms of the location’s regional garages (Public Garage) and in terms of external-internal (and vice versa) trips came from outside of Baghdad administrative boundaries to regional garages locations. In order to accomplish these goals, a questionnaire form was created and 150 samples were given out to passengers, drivers of outside transportation vehicles, and garage operators. According to the survey’s findings, commercial travel accounts for the biggest percentage of regional visits (22-24%), followed by health travel (20%), with educational travel declining by 10% as a result of the current Corona pandemic. The majority of regional travel occurs in the relatively close-by provinces that surround Baghdad City, with Hilla entrances accounting for 40% of such travel, followed by Kirkuk entrances (16%). Factors that affect vehicle movement include traffic congestion (73%) and climatic conditions (21%), both of which have an immediate effect on drivers, passengers, and vehicles. The sustainable solutions may entail extending geographic and temporal frames of reference for long-range planning and expanding performance measures to capture appropriate planning inputs that evaluate planning effectiveness in accordance with desired outcomes for supraregional planning that involves multiple states and a cogent vision and standards for the national transportation system.
Investigation behavior of gypsum soil reinforced by geosynthetics supported square footing-an experimental study
Authors: Waleed Adil Abdulameer , Selçuk Murat Ergenekon , Mohsen Makki K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recently, an urban expansion prompted to construction of structures on weak or unsuitable ground soils. In a sustainable view, there is a need to investigate and improve such types of soils under consideration. Gypsum soil is one of the weak soils when exposed to wetness, especially the value of bearing capacity and Collapse. The main objective of this study is to carry out several model tests for gypsum soil at a relative density of 30% for dry and wet conditions under static vertical stress. The study involved evaluating the effectiveness of soil stabilization using geosynthetics reinforced (geotextile and E-glass fiber fabric) by using single, double, and triple layers placed at different locations. Soil with a gypsum content of 47% was used. Experimental tests were carried out on soil models for the dry and saturated conditions for a relative density of 30%. The ultimate bearing capacity was calculated, as well as the ratio of improvement BCR% according to the reinforcement layers. It was found that the ultimate bearing capacity increases 100% when using E-glass fiber fabric comparing used geotextile at reinforcement triple layers (0.25B+0.5B+1B) for dry state.
Microplastic distribution in Surface Water and Sediments of Way Belau River, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Alam F C , Sari N K , Anggraini R , Setiawan F R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Microplastic research in Lampung water body is becoming concern because of its strategic location towards the Sunda Strait. The Way Belau River in surface water and sediments are one of the places to identify the potential for microplastic deposition, and to estimate the distribution of microplastics from upstream to downstream. In the surface water, the abundance of microplastics are found about 36.76 ± 21,81 particles/500 ml, and in the sediments of the Way Belau River, it showed the abundance of microplastics are about 21.03 ± 11.92 particles/100 g of dry sediment. The dominant microplastic morphologies are fragments and fibers with a size range of 20-250 µm. The results of identification of polymer types using Raman spectroscopy showed the presence of polyethylene and polypropylene plastic types.
Bagasse and bamboo charcoal comparison: as adsorbents for waste water to comply with Indonesian environmental quality standards
Authors: Pramadika Havidh , Satiyawira Bayu , Hari Karyadi Oetomo R. , Anaugtuharesto Yosia , Sunjaya Rizky Satrio Putra , Alamsah Malunlana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bagasse; which is sugar cane waste; and bamboo charcoal usually are disposed of right away. However, if both are further being processed, they would have had economic values; which one of them is as adsorbent for waste formation water from petroleum production operation, to comply with Indonesian environmental quality standard for waste water disposal. The aims and the objectives of this research are to obtain the adsorption ability of bagasse and bamboo charcoal, and the adsorption ratios of the two materials. First, it is necessary to activate carbon which presents in bagasse and bamboo charcoal waste, by grinding the materials. Then, there are five concentrations for each of the adsorbent in the waste water being used; 0.5 gr/cc, 1 gr/cc, 1.5 gr/cc, 2 gr/cc, and 2.5 gr/cc. This study indicates that the adsorbent from bagasse and bamboo charcoal does able to reduce the pH, salinity and TDS values according to the standard qualities set by the government. Bagasse adsorbent with concentrations of 1.5 gr/cc, 2 gr/cc, and 2.5 gr/cc would able to reduce pH value of waste water to meet government’s standard quality, while bamboo charcoal adsorbent with concentrations of 2 gr/cc and 2.5 gr/cc would able to reduce the pH value of standard value. The higher the concentration of bagasse and bamboo charcoal the lower the values of pH, salinity, and TDS. Comparing bagasse and bamboo charcoal; bagasse performance is better than bamboo charcoal.
Assessment of microplastic on tropical tidal lake waters in Medan (study cases-Siombak lake)
Authors: Hasibuan N H , Hutabarat L , Khair H , Suryati I , Anggia Y , Manalu S P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Siombak Lake is an artificial lake in Medan City. We investigated microplastic pollution in tropical tidal lake waters in the current research. Grab samples of water and sediments were taken by Indonesian standards. Organic digestion and density separation were used in the preparation of the sample. The categorization of the polymer was determined by Raman Spectrophotometry, and the quantity and shape, were determined by microscopy. The result indicated that the sediment and water in Siombak Lake were polluted with microplastic. Both water and sediments are dominated by fragment shapes. The concentration of microplastic in sediments water ranging from 91 to 126 particles for 100 ml water and 262 to 398 particles for one gram of dry sediment. Microplastic contains polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, and data analysis shows a strong correlation between the amount of microplastic in water and sediment.
A critical analysis of potential formation and health risk of disinfection by products in drinking water
Authors: Tazkiaturrizki T , Hartono D M , Moersidik S S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The reaction between chlorine and organic matter in water treatment processes formed a new product called disinfection by products (DBPs). Natural organic matter is the main precursor of the DBPs formation. Trihalomethanes as the most found DBPs in drinking water and N-Nitrosamine as one of kind DBPs from contaminated water. Those compounds are predicted to be carcinogenic for human being. This critical analysis goal is to investigate the potential formation of DBPs in water treatment and analysis the potential health risk to find the best strategies for reducing the DBPs formation. It presents a comprehensive literature review of research to understand the formation of DBPs especially Trihalomethanes and N-Nitrosamine in water treatment. Then investigation the health risk potential of trihalomethanes an N-Nitrosamine. Trihalomethanes always formed during the disinfection process. Trihalomethanes have the high can endanger human health because of the potential of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and lead to toxicity. N-Nitrosamine generally come in a lower concentration than Trihalomethanes but give higher health risk. Establish DBPs concentration limits is very important to protect the health of humans who consume water. Prevention of the formation of DBPs compounds by removing organic precursors in the water and adding advanced treatment after the disinfection process.
Stakeholders’ Interests and Negotiations in Design for Recycling Guideline Development for Plastic Packaging in Indonesia
Authors: Nurhadi Moh , Anggraini Maya V. , Putra Kristanto I. , Widianarko Budi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Packaging plays essential roles in product management, brand identity, and consumer protection. However, it is often conflicting with environmental sustainability issues. Plastic packaging is considered responsible for plastic waste leakage into the environment because it is not designed for recycling (D4R). This research explores D4R criteria for prioritised plastic packaging; developed by involving plastic producers, product manufacturers, consumers, waste collectors, waste recyclers, and relevant governmental ministries. Through Delphi method and stakeholder consultation, the stakeholders negotiate the D4R criteria to protect their interests. The D4R criteria are prioritised for three plastic packaging: (i) HDPE/ LDPE containers for personal and home care products; (ii) PET bottles for mineral water; and (iii) PP cups for food and beverage products. The criteria of eleven packaging components have been developed for each prioritised plastic packaging. Stakeholders mostly agree to the criteria, except for the size or volume of containers criterion. The product manufacturers tend to keep the container size small for reaching a wider market segment, while the waste collectors and recyclers insist on increasing the size to make it easy for collection. Moreover, additional standards and references are needed to define the D4R criteria for the ink, additive, barrier, and adhesive for non-food products.
Surfactant technology for improved hydrocarbon recovery in unconventional liquid reservoirs: a systematic literature review
Authors: Riswati S S , Irham S , Rendy  , Mardiana D A , Irvan R , Wijayanti P , Ratri P J , Faalih I S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An unconventional liquid reservoir (ULR) is a type of underground geological deposit containing liquid hydrocarbons, such as crude oil, natural gas liquids, or condensate, not found in traditional oil and gas reservoirs. These formations have distinct properties that make oil and gas production more difficult than in typical reservoirs. Surfactants can be added to the fracking fluid to aid in the release of hydrocarbons. By reducing the amount of water and chemicals used in the process, surfactants can assist to reduce some of the negative environmental implications associated with fracking. In the current study, a systematic literature review was used to analyze and identify existing literature on surfactant technology in unconventional liquid reservoirs from the previous five years. 12 papers out of the 500 papers collected showed that studies had been performed and proved that surfactants can potentially increase the recovery of unconventional liquid reservoirs. The mechanism behind the positive outcome was concluded to be the alteration of wettability of reservoir rock and interfacial tension. Based on the conducted review, evaluation of the environmental impact from the use of surfactant and assessment of economic feasibility of surfactant technology in ULR could be the future research topics.
Effects of water surplus on prevented planting in the US Corn Belt for corn and soybeans
Authors: Lee Seunghyun , Abatzoglou John T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Record-high prevented planting of staple crops such as corn and soybeans in the United States (US) Corn Belt due to heavy rainfall in recent years has spurred concern over crop production, as growing evidence suggests winter and spring precipitation extremes will occur more frequentlyin the coming decades. Using county-level data, we examine the effects of planting-season water surplus—precipitation minus evaporative demand—on prevented planting of corn and soybeans in the US Corn Belt. Using monthly water surplus data, we show significant impacts of excess moisture on preventing planting and suggest a 58%–177% increase in prevented planting during the months of April–June per standard deviation increase in water surplus. Downscaled climate change projections are used to estimate future changes in prevented planting during the mid-century (2036–2065) under the moderate emission scenario (RCP4.5). Our model predicts a decrease in prevented planting of approximately 111,000 acres (12%) for corn and 80,000 acres (16%) for soybeans in the US Corn Belt, relative to historical levels from 1950 to 2005. However, if we consider only precipitation and disregard evaporative demand, the alternative model indicates an increase of approximately 260,000 acres (30%) for corn and 86,000 acres (19%) for soybeans. Geographically, we find that prevented planting will slightly increase in some parts of Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin and generally decrease in the other parts of the US Corn Belt. This work collectively highlights the value of incorporating water surplus data in assessing prevented-planting impacts and is the first known study to examine changing risk of prevented planting under future climate scenarios that may help inform adaptation efforts to avoid losses.
The effect of plastic strain and temperature on the corrosion resistance of the Al-5.6Zn-2Mg powder metallurgy alloy during hot upsetting
Authors: Harikrishna Katika , Davidson M J , Rajmohan K S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Failure may be expedited or slowed down depending on the way the plastic strain interacts with the corrosive media. Therefore, in the present study, the Al-5.6Zn-2Mg alloy produced by the powder metallurgy process was subjected to hot deformation at different plastic strain levels and temperatures (300 °C–500 °C) on a hydraulic press, and then the impact on Corrosion susceptibility was studied using electrochemical corrosion tests in a 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. The results of potentiodynamic polarization showed that as deformation levels increased, the corrosion current density decreased and the pitting potential increased. The corrosion resistance of Al-5.6Zn-2Mg increased considerably with an increase in upsetting temperature, due to increasing grain size and a decrease in pore content. Icorr of 2.4982 (μA cm−2) and Epit −0.876 V have been found for the highly deformed preforms under 500 °C condition. EIS results showed a high contact resistance of 2659 Ohm.cm2 for the sample deformed under 500 °C. After the deformation process, densification behaviour is related to the electrochemical behaviour. Pitting corrosion occurred in all deformed samples, while intergranular corrosion was found only in the severely deformed samples.
Improving SOH estimation for lithium-ion batteries using TimeGAN
Authors: Seol Sujin , Lee Jungeun , Yoon Jaewoo , Kim Byeongwoo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recently, the xEV market has been expanding by strengthening regulations on fossil fuel vehicles. It is essential to ensure the safety and reliability of batteries, one of the core components of xEVs. Furthermore, estimating the battery’s state of health (SOH) is critical. There are model-based and data-based methods for SOH estimation. Model-based methods have limitations in linearly modeling the nonlinear internal state changes of batteries. In data-based methods, high-quality datasets containing large quantities of data are crucial. Since obtaining battery datasets through measurement is difficult, this paper supplements insufficient battery datasets using time-series generative adversarial network and compares the improvement rate in SOH estimation accuracy through long short-term memory and gated recurrent unit based on recurrent neural networks. According to the results, the average root mean square error of battery SOH estimation improved by approximately 25%, and the learning stability improved by approximately 40%.
Cholinergic innervation topography in GBA-associated de novo Parkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Slingerland Sofie , van der Zee Sygrid , Carli Giulia , Slomp Anne C , Boertien Jeffrey M , d’Angremont Emile , Bohnen Nicolaas I , Albin Roger L , van Laar Teus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson’s disease are GBA1 mutations, encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Patients with GBA1 mutations (GBA-PD) exhibit earlier age of onset and faster disease progression with more severe cognitive impairments, postural instability and gait problems. These GBA-PD features suggest more severe cholinergic system pathologies. PET imaging with the vesicular acetylcholine transporter ligand 18F-F-fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol (18F-FEOBV PET) provides the opportunity to investigate cholinergic changes and their relationship to clinical features in GBA-PD.
The study investigated 123 newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve Parkinson’s disease subjects—with confirmed presynaptic dopaminergic deficits on PET imaging. Whole-gene GBA1 sequencing of saliva samples was performed to evaluate GBA1 variants. Patients underwent extensive neuropsychological assessment of all cognitive domains, motor evaluation with the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, brain MRI, dopaminergic PET to measure striatal-to-occipital ratios of the putamen and 18F-FEOBV PET. We investigated differences in regional cholinergic innervation between GBA-PD carriers and non-GBA1 mutation carriers (non-GBA-PD), using voxel-wise and volume of interest-based approaches. The degree of overlap between t-maps from two-sample t-test models was quantified using the Dice similarity coefficient.
Seventeen (13.8%) subjects had a GBA1 mutation. No significant differences were found in clinical features and dopaminergic ratios between GBA-PD and non-GBA-PD at diagnosis. Lower 18F-FEOBV binding was found in both the GBA-PD and non-GBA-PD groups compared to controls. Dice (P &lt; 0.05, cluster size 100) showed good overlap (0.7326) between the GBA-PD and non-GBA-PD maps. GBA-PD patients showed more widespread reduction in 18F-FEOBV binding than non-GBA-PD when compared to controls in occipital, parietal, temporal and frontal cortices (P &lt; 0.05, FDR-corrected). In volume of interest analyses (Bonferroni corrected), the left parahippocampal gyrus was more affected in GBA-PD.
De novo GBA-PD show a distinct topography of regional cholinergic terminal ligand binding. Although the Parkinson’s disease groups were not distinguishable clinically, in comparison to healthy controls, GBA-PD showed more extensive cholinergic denervation compared to non-GBA-PD. A larger group is needed to validate these findings. Our results suggest that de novo GBA-PD and non-GBA-PD show differential patterns of cholinergic system changes before clinical phenotypic differences between carriers versus non-carrier groups are observable.
Delusional infestation: a retrospective cohort study of 49 patients over a 6-year period
Authors: Hutchison Eliza , Angus Janet , Davies Jo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Delusional infestation (DI) is the fixed false belief of pathogenic infestation of the skin or body despite no supporting medical evidence. It is a relatively rare condition with a reported prevalence of 1.48 per million people. Successful treatment can be challenging as patients are often reluctant to accept referral or involvement of psychiatric services. We report a retrospective cohort study of 49 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of DI, assessed in a regional psychodermatology service over a 6-year period. Low-dose antipsychotics (risperidone or olanzapine) were prescribed in 44 patients. We use our data to explore possible reasons why DI can be challenging to treat. Response to treatment and engagement with services is multifactorial. Our study emphasizes the importance of early assessment and supports the expansion of psychodermatology services in the UK.