bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TPM2 attenuates progression of prostate cancer by blocking PDLIM7-mediated nuclear translocation of YAP1
Authors: Wu Zonglong , Ge Liyuan , Ma Lulin , Lu Min , Song Yimeng , Deng Shaohui , Duan Peichen , Du Tan , Wu Yaqian , Zhang Zhanyi , Zhang Shudong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant tumor of the genitourinary system. Clinical intervention in advanced PCa remains challenging. Tropomyosins 2 (TPM2) are actin-binding proteins and have been found as a biomarker candidate for certain cancers. However, no studies have explored the role of TPM2 in PCa and its regulatory mechanism.

Methods
TPM2 expression was assessed in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PCa patient dataset. The effect of TPM2 on PCa progression was assessed in vitro and in vivo by quantifying proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth assays, and the mechanism of TPM2 in PCa progression was gradually revealed by Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence staining arrays.

Results
TPM2 was found to be severely downregulated in tumor tissues of PCa patients compared with tumor-adjacent normal tissues. In vitro experiments revealed that TPM2 overexpression inhibited PCa cell proliferation, invasion and androgen-independent proliferation. Moreover, TPM2 overexpression inhibited the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumors in vivo. Mechanistically, this effect was noted to be dependent on PDZ-binding motif of TPM2. TPM2 competed with YAP1 for binding to PDLIM7 through the PDZ-binding motif. The binding of TPM2 to PDLIM7 subsequently inhibited the nuclear transport function of PDLIM7 for YAP1. YAP1 sequestered in the cytoplasm phosphorylated at S127, resulting in its inactivation or degradation which in turn inhibited the expression of YAP1 downstream target genes.

Conclusions
This study investigated the role of TPM2, PDLIM7, and YAP1 in PCa progression and castration resistance. TPM2 attenuates progression of PCa by blocking PDLIM7-mediated nuclear translocation of YAP1. Accordingly, targeting the expression or functional modulation of TPM2, PDLIM7, or YAP1 has the potential to be an effective therapeutic approach to reduce PCa proliferation and prevent the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
Characteristics and efficacy of physical activity interventions to improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes in people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Mabweazara SZ , Manne-Goehler J , Hamer M , Cellini J , Siedner MJ 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to an increased lifespan for people living with HIV (PWH). This increased lifespan, coupled with the effects of HIV and adverse effects of ART have resulted in an increasing burden of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) among PWH. Physical activity (PA) has been proposed as an effective strategy to reduce the risk of developing cardiometabolic disease and other health complications in PWH. The aim of this paper is to review the characteristics and efficacy of PA interventions to improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes among PWH in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
The review will follow the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P). Literature searches will be conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), African Index Medicus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Embase. Peer-reviewed publications will be included if they include adults (age 18 or older), PWH in sub-Saharan Africa, and a PA intervention to improve cardiometabolic outcomes and/or psychosocial outcomes. We will include randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental study designs. Two independent reviewers will screen all abstracts and full-text articles. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using the Revised tool to assess risk of bias in randomized trials and the Downs and Black checklist. Certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. Meta-analyses will be conducted if our results are adequate for meta-analysis. Outcomes will be analyzed as continuous or dichotomous and meta-analyses will be conducted using random effects models with Stata computer software.

Discussion
This review will identify and synthesize the current evidence regarding the characteristics and efficacy of PA interventions to improve cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes among PWH in sub-Saharan Africa. We also plan to identify the strengths and weaknesses of evaluated interventions. Based on the evidence, recommendations will be made to promote the design and further evaluate the most promising strategies to maximize the efficacy of PA interventions in improving cardiometabolic and psychosocial outcomes in PWH in sub-Saharan Africa.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42021271937.
Gamma-delta T cells modulate the microbiota and fecal micro-RNAs to maintain mucosal tolerance
Authors: Rezende Rafael M. , Cox Laura M. , Moreira Thais G. , Liu Shirong , Boulenouar Selma , Dhang Fyonn , LeServe Danielle S. , Nakagaki Brenda N. , Lopes Juliana R. , Tatematsu Bruna K. , Lemos Luisa , Mayrink Julia , Lobo Eduardo L. C. , Guo Lydia , Oliveira Marilia G. , Kuhn Chantal , Weiner Howard L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells are a major cell population in the intestinal mucosa and are key mediators of mucosal tolerance and microbiota composition. Little is known about the mechanisms by which intestinal γδ T cells interact with the gut microbiota to maintain tolerance.

Results
We found that antibiotic treatment impaired oral tolerance and depleted intestinal γδ T cells, suggesting that the gut microbiota is necessary to maintain γδ T cells. We also found that mice deficient for γδ T cells (γδ−/−) had an altered microbiota composition that led to small intestine (SI) immune dysregulation and impaired tolerance. Accordingly, colonizing WT mice with γδ−/− microbiota resulted in SI immune dysregulation and loss of tolerance whereas colonizing γδ−/− mice with WT microbiota normalized mucosal immune responses and restored mucosal tolerance. Moreover, we found that SI γδ T cells shaped the gut microbiota and regulated intestinal homeostasis by secreting the fecal micro-RNA let-7f. Importantly, oral administration of let-7f to γδ−/− mice rescued mucosal tolerance by promoting the growth of the γδ−/−-microbiota-depleted microbe Ruminococcus gnavus.

Conclusions
Taken together, we demonstrate that γδ T cell-selected microbiota is necessary and sufficient to promote mucosal tolerance, is mediated in part by γδ T cell secretion of fecal micro-RNAs, and is mechanistically linked to restoration of mucosal immune responses.
The effect of the COVID-19 disruption on the gender gap in students’ performance: a cross-country analysis
Authors: Bertoletti Alice , Biagi Federico , Di Pietro Giorgio , Karpiński Zbigniew 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
This paper investigates how the COVID-19 school closure has affected the gender gap in grade-8 students' performance and what are the drivers behind this. By analysing four different countries (i.e., the Russian Federation, Slovenia, Uzbekistan and the United Arab Emirates), the paper represents the first study addressing the issue from a comparative perspective.

Methods
The study uses data from the Responses to Educational Disruption Survey (REDS) survey, which comprises international comparable data on how students approached remote learning during the COVID-19 disruption. The extent of the gender gap is estimated by employing an ordered logit model, while the Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) decomposition method is used to analyse the different potential channels that could account for the gender gap during COVID-19.

Results
The empirical results reveal that, during the COVID-19 school closure, girls tended to perceive changes in their learnings less favourably than boys, both in terms of improvement in self-perceived learning and self-reported improvement in grades—with odds of a more affirmative response between 20 and 25% lower for girls relative to boys. The main drivers explaining this gender gap are physical activity and psychological distress of students during the COVID-19 disruption, as well as the perceived family climate.

Conclusions
The paper shows systematic gender differences in how students perceived their educational outcomes changed due to the COVID-19 disruption, providing evidence on the factors driving these differences. The findings could be employed to design policy actions aimed at increasing gender equality in education.
Insight into the key limiting factors affecting anaerobic fermentation quality and bacterial community of sweet sorghum by irradiation sterilization and microbiota transplant
Authors: Zhao Jie , Jing Zhao-Di , Yin Xue-Jing , Li Jun-Feng , Dong Zhi-Hao , Wang Si-Ran , Shao Tao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiomass microbiota and chemical constituent are closely associated with final anaerobic fermentation performance. But the limiting factors affecting anaerobic fermentation quality and bacterial community have been rarely explored. This study aimed to elucidate the relative contribution of initial microbiota and chemical constituent of sweet sorghum on its final anaerobic fermentation quality. Sweet sorghum at two developmental stages (heading-stage, G1; hard-dough-stage, G2) was treated as follows: G1 microbiota + sterilized G1 (M1C1), G2 microbiota + sterilized G1 (M2C1), G1 microbiota + sterilized G2 (M1C2), and G2 microbiota + sterilized G2 (M2C2). The results showed that chemical constituent rather than microbiota changes remarkably influenced the production of lactic acid, propionic acid and ammonia-N, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Weissella, Lactococcus, Pediococcus, and Pantoea of sweet sorghum after anaerobic fermentation. The chemical constituent was the key limiting factor affecting the anaerobic fermentation quality of sweet sorghum. This study could provide a reference for clarifying the key limiting factors affecting anaerobic fermentation and making recommendations for production.
Graphical Abstract
Origin of the propatagium in non-avian dinosaurs
Authors: Uno Yurika , Hirasawa Tatsuya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAvian wings as organs for aerial locomotion are furnished with a highly specialized musculoskeletal system compared with the forelimbs of other tetrapod vertebrates. Among the specializations, the propatagium, which accompanies a skeletal muscle spanning between the shoulder and wrist on the leading edge of the wing, represents an evolutionary novelty established at a certain point in the lineage toward crown birds. However, because of the rarity of soft-tissue preservation in the fossil record, the evolutionary origin of the avian propatagium has remained elusive. Here we focus on articulated skeletons in the fossil record to show that angles of elbow joints in fossils are indicators of the propatagium in extant lineages of diapsids (crown birds and non-dinosaurian diapsids), and then use this relationship to narrow down the phylogenetic position acquiring the propatagium to the common ancestor of maniraptorans. Our analyses support the hypothesis that the preserved propatagium-like soft tissues in non-avian theropod dinosaurs (oviraptorosaurian Caudipteryx and dromaeosaurian Microraptor) are homologous with the avian propatagium, and indicate that all maniraptoran dinosaurs likely possessed the propatagium even before the origin of flight. On the other hand, the preserved angles of wrist joints in non-avian theropods are significantly greater than those in birds, suggesting that the avian interlocking wing-folding mechanism involving the ulna and radius had not fully evolved in non-avian theropods. Our study underscores that the avian wing was acquired through modifications of preexisting structures including the feather and propatagium.
How Corporate Sociopolitical Activism (CSA) impacts portfolio allocations: an experiment
Authors: Enete Shane , Sturr Tim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIf a firm signals that they identify on one end of the conservative-liberal spectrum, will political affiliation help predict how an investor will allocate their investment dollars to that firm? Using an experimental survey design with 1,494 participants, evidence was found that political affiliation does materially predict the allocation decisions of investors to firms engaged in corporate sociopolitical activism (CSA). More specifically, Democrats were more likely than Republicans to allocate investment dollars towards firms signaling a liberal political identity through their support of LGBT social issues and Planned Parenthood. By comparison, Republicans were more likely than Democrats to allocate investment dollars towards firms signaling a conservative political identity through their support of the Religious Freedom Institute. In addition, evidence was found that both Democrats and Republicans will under-allocate (relative to a control group) to firms that engage in CSA. Corporations should consider the potential costs from investor under-allocation for taking public stands on controversial partisan issues that favor some constituents at the expense of others.
Genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-16 in Egyptian patients with primary knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Hafez Eman Abdel Razek , Shaat Reham Magdi , Gharbia Ola Mohamed , Machaly Shereen Aly , Emam Ola Ali El- , –Kheir Nermin Youssef Abo El , Saied Narmin , Nour Alaa Abo , Elkhanishy Sherif , Hassan Rasha , Shehawy Heba El 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 16 (IL-16), has been shown to be secreted in low levels in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between IL-16 polymorphisms and the risk of KOA in the Egyptian population, as well as the clinical and radiographic severity of KOA.

Results
IL16 rs11556218 thymidine triphosphate (T) T G (guanosine triphosphate), GG, TG + GG genotypes, and G allele (odd ratio (OR) = 0.315; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.191–0.518; P < 0.001; OR = 0.363; 95% CI = 0.162–0.815, P = 0.014; OR = 0.323; 95% CI = 0.202–0.519, P < 0.001; OR = 0.480; 95% CI = 0.338–0.683, P < 0.001 respectively); rs4778889 cytidine triphosphate (C) T,CC, TC + CC genotypes, and C allele (OR = 0.519, 95% CI = 0.319–0.844, P = 0.008; OR = 0.309, 95% CI = 0.105–0.916, P = 0.034; OR = 0.485, 95% CI = 0.304–0.775, P = 0.002; OR = 0.537, 95% CI = 0.365–0.791, P = 0.001 respectively); and rs4072111 CT, TT, CT + TT genotypes, and T allele (OR = 0.537, 95% CI = 0.323–0.893, P = 0.017, OR = 0.316, 95% CI = 0.096–0.843, P = 0.049, OR = 0.502, 95% CI = 0.309–0.816, P = 0.005; OR = 0.534, 95% CI = 0.353–0.809, P = 0.004 respectively) were associated with a decreased KOA risk, and they were significantly associated with decreased the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) scores.
Neither IL-16 serum levels nor IL-16 polymorphisms were associated with the susceptibility to KOA. Low KOA risk was associated with the haplotypes GTC and TCT.

Conclusion
There was no correlation between serum IL-16 levels and KOA susceptibility or IL-16 polymorphisms. GTC and TCT haplotypes were associated with low KOA risk. The variant alleles rs11556218GG, TG + GG; rs4778889 CC, TC + CC; and rs4072111 TT, CT + TT were associated with a reduced risk of KOA.
Prevalence of physical health conditions and health risk behaviours in people with severe mental illness in South Asia: multi-country cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zavala Gerardo A. , Haidar-Chowdhury Asiful , Prasad-Muliyala Krishna , Appuhamy Kavindu , Aslam Faiza , Huque Rumana , Khalid Humaira , Murthy Pratima , Nizami Asad T. , Rajan Sukanya , Shiers David , Siddiqi Najma , Siddiqi Kamran , Boehnke Jan R. 
Published: February 2023

Background
People with severe mental illness (SMI) die earlier than the general population, primarily because of physical disorders.

Aims
We estimated the prevalence of physical health conditions, health risk behaviours, access to healthcare and health risk modification advice in people with SMI in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan, and compared results with the general population.

Method
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in adults with SMI attending mental hospitals in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Data were collected on non-communicable diseases, their risk factors, health risk behaviours, treatments, health risk modification advice, common mental disorders, health-related quality of life and infectious diseases. We performed a descriptive analysis and compared our findings with the general population in the World Health Organization (WHO) ‘STEPwise Approach to Surveillance of NCDs’ reports.

Results
We recruited 3989 participants with SMI, of which 11% had diabetes, 23.3% had hypertension or high blood pressure and 46.3% had overweight or obesity. We found that 70.8% of participants with diabetes, high blood pressure and hypercholesterolemia were previously undiagnosed; of those diagnosed, only around half were receiving treatment. A total of 47% of men and 14% of women used tobacco; 45.6% and 89.1% of participants did not meet WHO recommendations for physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake, respectively. Compared with the general population, people with SMI were more likely to have diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and overweight or obesity, and less likely to receive tobacco cessation and weight management advice.

Conclusions
We found significant gaps in detection, prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in people with SMI.
Investigating the impact of music therapy on two in-patient psychiatric wards for people living with dementia: retrospective observational study
Authors: Thompson Naomi , Iyemere Kimberley , Underwood Benjamin R. , Odell-Miller Helen 
Published: February 2023

Background
Music therapy can lift mood and reduce agitation for people living with dementia (PwD) in community and residential care settings, potentially reducing the prevalence of distress behaviours. However, less is known about the impact of music therapy on in-patient psychiatric wards for PwD.

Aims
To investigate the impact of music therapy on two in-patient psychiatric wards for PwD.

Method
A mixed-methods design was used. Statistical analysis was conducted on incidents involving behaviours reported as ‘disruptive and aggressive’ in 2020, when music therapy delivery varied because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews conducted online with three music therapists and eight ward-based staff were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Quantitative findings showed a significant reduction in the frequency of behaviours reported as disruptive and aggressive on days with in-person music therapy (every 14 days) than on the same weekday with no or online music therapy (every 3.3 or 3.1 days, respectively). Qualitative findings support this, with music therapy reported by music therapists and staff members to be accessible and meaningful, lifting mood and reducing agitation, with benefits potentially lasting throughout the day and affecting the ward environment.

Conclusions
We identified a significant reduction in the occurrence of distress behaviours on days with in-person music therapy when compared with no music therapy. Music therapy was reported to be a valuable intervention, supporting patient mood and reducing agitation. Interventional studies are needed to investigate the impact of music therapy and its optimum mode of delivery.
A Study Design to Harmonize Patient-Reported Outcomes Across Data Sets
Authors: McKelvey Brittany A. , Berk Alexandra , Chin Lynda , Hudgens Stacie , Kudel Ian , O'Hagan Ronan C. , Patel Amila , Scott Julie , Stires Hillary , Wang Sam , Wujcik Debra , Stewart Mark , Allen Jeff 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE Using patient-reported outcomes (PROs) provides important insights from the patient's perspective and can be valuable to monitor and manage treatment-related adverse events during cancer treatment. Additionally, the digital administration of PROs (electronic PROs [ePROs]) provides real-time updates to clinical care teams on treatment-related symptoms in-between clinic visits. However, given the variability in the methodology and timing of the data collection, using and harmonizing these data across different systems remains challenging. Identifying data elements to capture and operating procedures for harmonization across ePRO tools will expedite efforts to generate relevant and robust data on use of ePRO data in clinical care. METHODS Friends of Cancer Research assembled a consortium of project partners from key health care sectors to align on a framework for ePRO data capture across ePRO tools and assessment of the impact of ePRO data capture on patient outcomes. RESULTS We identified challenges and opportunities to align ePRO data capture across ePRO tools and aligned on key data elements for assessing the impact of ePRO data capture on patient care and outcomes. Ultimately, we proposed a study protocol to leverage ePRO data for symptom and adverse event management to measure real-world effectiveness of ePRO tool implementation on patient care and outcomes. CONCLUSION This work provides considerations for harmonizing ePRO data sets and a common framework to align across multiple ePRO tools to assess the value of ePROs for improving patient outcomes. Future efforts to interpret evidence and evaluate the impact of ePRO tools on patient outcomes will be aided by improved alignment across studies.