bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Virulence Factor Profiling of Vibrio Species: A Study on Hospital and Community Wastewater Effluents
Authors: Mavhungu Mashudu , Digban Tennison O. , Nwodo Uchechukwu U. 
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to determine the incidence and virulence factor profiling of Vibrio species from hospital wastewater (HWW) and community wastewater effluents. Wastewater samples from selected sites were collected, processed, and analysed presumptively by the culture dependent methods and molecular techniques. A total of 270 isolates were confirmed as Vibrio genus delineating into V. cholerae (27%), V. parahaemolyticus (9.1%), V. vulnificus (4.1%), and V. fluvialis (3%). The remainder (>50%) may account for other Vibrio species not identified in the study. The four Vibrio species were isolated from secondary hospital wastewater effluent (SHWE), while V. cholerae was the sole specie isolated from Limbede community wastewater effluent (LCWE) and none of the four Vibrio species was recovered from tertiary hospital wastewater effluent (THWE). However, several virulence genes were identified among V. cholerae isolates from SHWE: ToxR (88%), hylA (81%), tcpA (64%), VPI (58%), ctx (44%), and ompU (34%). Virulence genes factors among V. cholerae isolates from LCWE were: ToxR (78%), ctx (67%), tcpA (44%), and hylA (44%). Two different genes (vfh and hupO) were identified in all confirmed V. fluvialis isolates. Among V. vulnificus, vcgA (50%) and vcgB (67%) were detected. In V. parahaemolyticus, tdh (56%) and tlh (100%) were also identified. This finding reveals that the studied aquatic niches pose serious potential health risk with Vibrio species harbouring virulence signatures. The distribution of virulence genes is valuable for ecological site quality, as well as epidemiological marker in the control and management of diseases caused by Vibrio species. Regular monitoring of HWW and communal wastewater effluent would allow relevant establishments to forecast, detect, and mitigate any public health threats in advance.
Hemibiotrophic Phytophthora infestans Modulates the Expression of SWEET Genes in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Kardile Hemant B. , Karkute Suhas Gorakh , Challam Clarissa , Sharma Nirmal Kant , Shelake Rahul Mahadev , Kawar Prashant Govindrao , Patil Virupaksh U. , Deshmukh Rupesh , Bhardwaj Vinay , Chourasia Kumar Nishant , Valluri Srikar Duttasai 
Published: September 2023

Sugar Efflux transporters (SWEET) are involved in diverse biological processes of plants. Pathogens have exploited them for nutritional gain and subsequently promote disease progression. Recent studies have implied the involvement of potato SWEET genes in the most devastating late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. Here, we identified and designated 37 putative SWEET genes as StSWEET in potato. We performed detailed in silico analysis, including gene structure, conserved domains, and phylogenetic relationship. Publicly available RNA-seq data was harnessed to retrieve the expression profiles of SWEET genes. The late blight-responsive SWEET genes were identified from the RNA-seq data and then validated using quantitative real-time PCR. The SWEET gene expression was studied along with the biotrophic (SNE1) and necrotrophic (PiNPP1) marker genes of P. infestans. Furthermore, we explored the co-localization of P. infestans resistance loci and SWEET genes. The results indicated that nine transporter genes were responsive to the P. infestans in potato. Among these, six transporters, namely StSWEET10, 12, 18, 27, 29, and 31, showed increased expression after P. infestans inoculation. Interestingly, the observed expression levels aligned with the life cycle of P. infestans, wherein expression of these genes remained upregulated during the biotrophic phase and decreased later on. In contrast, StSWEET13, 14, and 32 didn’t show upregulation in inoculated samples suggesting non-targeting by pathogens. This study underscores these transporters as prime P. infestans targets in potato late blight, pivotal in disease progression, and potential candidates for engineering blight-resistant potato genotypes.
Severe Neurologic Disease in a Horse Caused by Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus, Austria, 2021
Authors: de Heus Phebe , Bagó Zoltán , Weidinger Pia , Lale Dilara , Trachsel Dagmar S. , Revilla-Fernández Sandra , Matiasek Kaspar , Nowotny Norbert 
Published: September 2023

As evidenced by sero-epidemiological studies, infections of horses with the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) occur frequently in TBEV-endemic areas. However, there are only very few reports of clinical cases. A possible underreporting may be due to a variety of diagnostic challenges. In this study, ELISA and neutralization tests were applied to serum samples. Brain tissue samples were investigated for the presence of nucleic acids of TBEV, Equid alphaherpesvirus 1, Borna disease virus 1, West Nile and Usutu viruses, rustrela virus, as well as Eastern, Western, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses with RT-qPCR, RT-PCR, and qPCR, respectively. TBEV-specific amplification products were subjected to Sanger sequencing. In addition, a direct fluorescent antibody test for rabies was performed. Clinical and patho-histological findings are reported. Using specific RT-qPCR and RT-PCR assays, TBEV nucleic acids were demonstrated in brain tissue samples. Sequencing revealed the Western (formerly Central) European subtype of TBEV as the etiological agent. A high titer of TBEV-specific neutralizing antibodies was found in the serum. RNAscope in situ hybridization revealed TBEV RNA confined to neuronal cell bodies and processes. No other pathogens or nucleic acids thereof could be detected. Diagnostic procedures need to be carried out early after the onset of neurological signs to allow for a final etiological diagnosis of acute TBEV infections in horses.
Effect of Yeast Cell Wall on Gut Health, Immunity and Milk Production of Dairy Cattle in Normal and Heat Stress Conditions. Review
Authors: Mahasneh Ola K. , Abdelqader Anas , Al-Fataftah Abdur-Rahman A. 
Published: September 2023

This review focuses on the most recent literature to bring to light the major beneficial effects of the yeast cell wall (YCW) and its products on dairy cattle. These products include viable yeast, yeast culture, nutritional yeast, and fractionated yeast products. The yeast cell wall is one of these products and belongs to the fractionated yeast products used to promote production performance and health in dairy cows. The yeast and YCW were proven to have positive impacts on dairy cattle performance in terms of milk yield, milk components, and overall quality. As well, these products showed beneficial effects under heat stress conditions. The YCW is a natural fermentation derivative of yeast cells such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae species consists mainly of β-glucan (29% to 64%), mannan (31%), and some other compounds like protein (13%), lipids (9%), chitin (1–2%) with β-glucan and mannan being the main bioactive molecules. The mode of action through which YCW elicit their beneficial functions in dairy cow explain their effect on cows' metabolism and digestion, immunity, rumen and intestine health, and subsequent performance and well-being. These modes of action include improving gastrointestinal (GI) tract health, stimulating immune system components as it is considered an immunomodulator additive, mycotoxin binding ability, and improving antioxidant capacity. Therefore, yeast and YCW products are one of the promising areas of ruminant nutrition in dairy cows, not only because of their nutritional and health benefits to dairy cows but also due to their negligible residual effects on dairy cows’ bodies and products.
Human action classification using CNN by encoding time series skeleton-based data as images
Authors: Imran Muhammad Mu'az , Idris Azam Che , Silva Liyanage Chandratilak De , Yassin Hayati 
Published: September 2023

<p>Microsoft Kinect camera can capture depth images of the subject during surveillance of Human Activity Recognition (HAR) and subsequently obtain the skeletal data. Several studies have attempted to use and analyse human actions based on skeletal data and other complex feature representation extraction methods. Most authors have proposed obtaining Spatio-temporal information as one of the extraction methods. Therefore, this study automatically extracts the Spatio-temporal information from the skeletal data by using an Imaging time series (ITS) method called Recurrence Plots (RP) to transform the skeleton joint coordinates into 2D images. The raw data are preprocessed and partitioned into three-channel matrices (R, G, B) before applying the principal component analysis (PCA). The generated RP images are used as input to Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to distinguish between different activities. The proposed method uses the UTD-MHAD dataset for benchmarking and shows that our approach outperforms previous studies with a maximum accuracy of 92.6%. </p>
DESAFIOS NA GESTÃO PÚBLICA NO PROCESSO DE GESTÃO EM SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA.
Authors: Cancian Mario , Cavalcante Wylma Tenorio , Pinho Silvia Teixeira de 
Published: September 2023

A gestão pública em saúde também busca promover a equidade e a participação social, buscando atender as necessidades e demandas da população de maneira justa e democrática. Além disso, busca-se também a melhoria contínua dos serviços, a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de doenças. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar os erros e dificuldades no ambiente de trabalho hospitalar na gestão pública. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura que aborda os temas “gestão pública em saúde” nas plataformas de artigos científicos Google Acadêmico e Scielo publicados no período de 2001 a 2023. Os resultados sobre as dificuldades na gestão pública em saúde são relacionados a escassez de recursos financeiros, muitos gestores públicos enfrentam dificuldades na obtenção de recursos suficientes para financiar os serviços de saúde, fragmentação e falta de integração,o sistema de saúde pública muitas vezes é fragmentado, com diferentes governos e agências responsáveis por diferentes aspectos, como atenção primária, hospitais e programas de prevenção alta rotatividade de profissionais a gestão pública em saúde muitas vezes enfrenta problemas na retenção de profissionais qualificados, devido à baixa remuneração, más condições de trabalho e falta de perspetivas de carreira, corrupção e má gestão dos recurso a corrupção são problemas comuns na gestão pública em saúde, desvio de verbas, nepotismo, contratos super faturados e falta de transparência comprometem a eficiência e a qualidade dos serviços, além de minar a confiança da população no sistema de saúde, desigualdades regionais dificuldades na gestão pública em saúde também podem ser observadas na desigualdade no acesso aos serviços de saúde entre as diferentes regiões de um país. Destacamos que a gestão pública em saúde requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, com a participação ativa de diferentes atores, como médicos, enfermeiros, gestores, pesquisadores e pacientes. Conclui-se que, o maior desafio é a falta de estrutura médica e que a colaboração entre esses diferentes profissionais e setores é fundamental para garantir uma gestão mais eficiente e eficaz. Além disso, é fundamental que esses recursos sejam distribuídos de maneira equitativa, garantindo o acesso aos serviços de saúde a todos, independentemente de sua renda ou local de residência,a transparência na gestão pública em saúde também é fundamental.
Description of cattle production systems in different agro-ecological zones of Narok County, Kenya
Authors: NGETICH WYCKLIFF , K. Gitau Goerge , O. Abuom Tequiero , O. Aboge Gabriel 
Published: September 2023

Cattle farming is an integral part of the livelihoods of farmers in Narok County. However, very few studies have been conducted to describe livestock production in different agroecosystems in Kenya. The objective of this study was to determine cattle production systems and characteristics under different agro-ecosystems. The study was conducted through the administration of semi-structured questionnaires to 817 farmers in three sublocations from Narok south sub-county. The main livestock production systems were pure pastoral, communal grazing and zero-grazing where indigenous cattle were the predominant breed kept (86.8%) with a few farmers keeping crossbreeds or exotic breeds. However, sheep (75.1%) goats (79.4%), chicken (68.6%) and donkeys (32.9%) were also kept. The mean lactation period for cattle was 9.5 months with average inter-calving interval of 14.1 months. More households (45.1%) grazed cattle within their own pastureland compared to pure pastoralism (12.5%), communal grazing (8.0%), zero grazing (0.9%), or combination (33.5%). Approximately 37.1% of the respondents herded their cattle, 13.1% were on free grazing, 36.6% both free grazing and herding whereas 13.2% used paddocks. The mean land area under pasture was estimated at 53.9 acres. The main source of drinking water was within the grazing field (63.6%) with 36.4% having had to take livestock elsewhere. Most households (85.7%) practicing mixed farming could easily access veterinary services compared to 57.2% and 55.1% in agro-pastoral and pure pastoral system respectively (p<0.0001). The main veterinary interventions were deworming, vaccination, and antibiotic administration. Most households (98.6%) had sprayed their livestock with 98.9% sourcing the products from agrovet outlets. More respondents (63.8%) in agro-pastoral compared to 61.5% and 49.7% from pastoral and mixed farming respectively were aware of East Coast Fever disease (p<0.0001). Cattle were principally fed on natural pasture either produced from owned or leased lands with farmers getting unequal access to veterinary services.
Peculiar Orbital Characteristics of Earth Quasi-Satellite 469219 Kamo‘oalewa: Implications for the Yarkovsky Detection and Orbital Uncertainty Propagation
Authors: Hu Shoucun , Li Bin , Jiang Haoxuan , Bao Gang , Ji Jianghui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract469219 Kamo‘oalewa is selected as one of the primary targets of Tianwen-2 mission, which is currently believed to be the most stable quasi-satellite of Earth. Here we derive a weak detection of the Yarkovsky effect for Kamo‘oalewa, givingA2= (−1.075 ± 0.447) × 10−13au day−2, with the available ground-based optical observations from Minor Planet Center and a relatively conservative weighting scheme. Due to the quasi-satellite resonance with Earth, we show that the detection of the Yarkovsky effect by orbital fitting with astrometric observations becomes difficult, as its orbital drift shows a slow oscillatory growth resulting from the Yarkovsky effect. In addition, we extensively explore the characteristics of orbital uncertainty propagation and find that the positional uncertainty mainly arises from the geocentric radial direction in 2010–2020 and then concentrates in the heliocentric transverse direction in 2020–2030. Furthermore, the heliocentric transverse uncertainty is clearly monthly dependent, which can arrive at a minimum around January and a maximum around July as the orbit moves toward the leading and trailing edges, respectively, in 2025–2027. Finally, we investigate a long-term uncertainty propagation in the quasi-satellite regime, implying that the quasi-satellite resonance with Earth may play a crucial role in constraining the increase of uncertainty over time. Such an interesting feature further implies that the orbital precision of Kamo‘oalewa is relatively stable at its quasi-satellite phase, which may also be true for other quasi-satellites of Earth.
Meteoritic Molybdenum and Ruthenium Isotopic Abundances Document Nucleosynthetic p-process Components
Authors: Marti Kurt , Fischer-Gödde Mario , Proksche Carina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anomalies in isotopic abundances of Mo and Ru in solar system matter were found to document variable contributions of the nucleosynthetic s-process component. We report isotopic relations of ϵ
92Mo versus ϵ
100Ru in meteorites from chondritic parent bodies, iron meteorites, and achondrites that reveal deviations from expected s-process abundance variations. We show that two p-process isotopes 92Mo and 94Mo require the presence of distinct p-process components in meteoritic materials. The nucleosynthetic origin of abundant magic (N = 50) p-process nuclides, covering the mass range of Zr, Mo, and Ru, has long been an enigma, but contributions by several recognized pathways, including alpha and νp-antineutrino reactions on protons, may account for the observed relatively large solar system abundances. Specific core-collapse supernovae explosive regions may carry proton-rich matter. Since Mo and Ru isotopic records in solar system matter reveal the presence of more than one nucleosynthetic p-process component, these records are expected to be helpful in documenting different explosive synthesis pathways and the implied galactic evolution of p-nuclides.
ELVES. IV. The Satellite Stellar-to-halo Mass Relation Beyond the Milky Way
Authors: Danieli Shany , Greene Jenny E. , Carlsten Scott , Jiang Fangzhou , Beaton Rachael , Goulding Andy D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Quantifying the connection between galaxies and their host dark matter halos has been key for testing cosmological models on various scales. Below M
⋆ ∼ 109
M
⊙, such studies have primarily relied on the satellite galaxy population orbiting the Milky Way (MW). Here we present new constraints on the connection between satellite galaxies and their host dark matter subhalos using the largest sample of satellite galaxies in the Local Volume (D ≲ 12 Mpc) to date. We use 250 confirmed and 71 candidate dwarf satellites around 27 MW-like hosts from the Exploration of Local VolumE Satellites (ELVES) Survey and use the semianalytical SatGen model for predicting the population of dark matter subhalos expected in the same volume. Through a Bayesian model comparison of the observed and the forward-modeled satellite stellar mass functions (SSMFs), we infer the satellite stellar-to-halo mass relation. We find that the observed SSMF is best reproduced when subhalos at the low-mass end are populated by a relation of the form

M

⋆

∝

M

peak

α

, with a moderate slope of

α

const

=
2.10
±
0.01

and a low scatter, constant as a function of the peak halo mass, of

σ

const

=

0.06

−
0.05

+
0.07

. A model with a steeper slope (α
grow = 2.39 ± 0.06) and a scatter that grows with decreasing M
peak is also consistent with the observed SSMF but is not required. Our new model for the satellite–subhalo connection, based on hundreds of Local Volume satellite galaxies, is in line with what was previously derived using only MW satellites.
A Small-scale Structure Model of a Jet Based on Observations of Microvariability
Authors: Xu Jingran , Hu Shaoming , Chen Xu , Jiang Yunguo , Alexeeva Sofya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We developed a multiregion radiation model for the evolution of flux and spectral index with time. In this model, each perturbation component in the jet produces an independent flare. The model can be used to study the decomposition of microvariability, the structural scale of the perturbed components, and the physical parameters of the acceleration processes. Based on the shock acceleration model for a relativistic jet, the influence of the acceleration parameters on multiband flare parameters is calculated. We present the results of multiband optical microvariability of the blazar BL Lacertae observed during 89 nights in the period from 2009 to 2021, and use them as a sample for model fitting. The results show that both the amplitude and duration of flares decomposed from the microvariability light curves conform to a log-normal distribution. The time delays between the optical bands follow a normal distribution and amount to several minutes, which corroborate with both predictions from the theoretical model and the calculation of the discrete correlation function. Using the spectral index evolution and the simultaneous fitting of the multiband variability curves, we obtain the acceleration and radiation parameters to constrain and distinguish the origins of different flares. Based on the flare decomposition, we can effectively reproduce the time-domain evolution trends of the optical variations and energy spectrum, and explain the various redder-when-brighter and bluer-when-brighter behaviors.
Le choc des mondes : lecture puritaine du tremblement de terre de Londres (6 avril 1580)
Authors: Fernandes Isabelle 
Published: September 2023

Le séisme de Londres du 6 avril 1580 a donné lieu à de multiples narrations populaires, préscientifiques et officielles qui tentèrent d’expliquer l’extra‑ordinaire. En vers ou en prose, moralisateurs ou médicaux, plus ou moins circonstanciés, les récits des puritains Thomas Twyne, Arthur Golding, Thomas Churchyard et Gabriel Harvey retranscrivent un éventail de réactions diverses face à la brutale intrusion de l’impensable dans le quotidien anglais. L’interprétation du tremblement de terre manifeste la domination d’une conception providentielle du monde. Si le paradigme biblique demeure prépondérant, le scepticisme naissant donne lieu à des interrogations pour l’heure inabouties. L’Église établie protestante et le gouvernement élisabéthain s’emparèrent de la catastrophe naturelle afin d’unifier le royaume et de contrer la menace catholique grandissante grâce à l’appui donné aux publications puritaines. Les puritains profitèrent de cette tribune pour défendre un programme religieux plus radical que la via media décidée. Le séisme fut le révélateur de lignes de faille irréparables entre deux visions du monde : celui d’hier et celui de demain.