bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of plant growth regulators, basal medium and light on micropropagation of Allium jesdianum Boiss. &amp; Buhse
Authors: Zare Mahdi , Rabiei Mohammad , Mohammadi Shahram 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Allium jesdianum Boiss. & Buhse. is a pharmaceutically valuable plant that is threatened with extinction due to over-exploitation of wild plants. In vitro culture of plants is a favorable alternative for the conservation of endangered plant species. To establish an efficient protocol for micropropagation of Allium jesdianum, the effects of plant growth regulators, basal medium, and light were studied in this experiment. Basal parts of collected bulbs from Zagros Mountains in Iran were surface sterilized and placed on five different basal media with different concentrations of IBA, NAA, BAP and kinetin and kept under dark and light conditions. The results showed that among the exogenously applied PGRs, IBA at concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/l was the most convincing PGR for shoot and bulblet regeneration. The best results were obtained with CLC and MS media under light. Higher NH4+ also increased regeneration. Our experiment may have implications for plant growth and conservation, as well as for in vitrobreeding and drug development.
Developing an assessment of online learning literacy for physical education teachers (OLLPET) in China
Authors: Tian Hengxing , Sun Mingzhu , Yin Zhihua , Liu Haohui , Li Fangfei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The globalization of education is becoming increasingly competitive. The convenience of online learning helps countries actively respond to this challenge by overcoming geographic barriers and, during medical emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic, facilitating safe, accessible, high-quality education. This two-stage study developed a tool for assessing online learning literacy for physical education (PE) teachers (OLLPET) using two rounds of the Delphi method and one round of expert ranking consultations with 15 PE experts from universities, primary and secondary schools, and teaching-research staff to draw up, revise, and finalize an evaluation index system for OLLPET. Our OLLPET evaluation index system includes three first-level indicators—online learning values (OLV), online learning essential character (OLEC), and online learning key competencies (OLKC)—with equal weighting given to OLV (0.367) and OLKC (0.367) and slightly less given to OLEC (0.267). The OLLPET is a theoretical yet practical tool that governments, schools, and teachers can use to evaluate PE teachers’ online learning literacy to improve their learning capacity in a targeted manner.
Higher Order Symmetric Duality in Nondifferentiable Fractional Variational Problems Over Cone Constraints
Authors: Khatri Sony , Singamsetty Purusotham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper focused on a pair of higher order nondifferentiable symmetric fractional variational programming problems defined over cone constraints and explores the pertinent duality output based on the idea of higher order (C,α,ρ,d)- convexity and established weak, strong and converse duality theorems. In order to support the definitions, a numerical example is given. Further, a static case of the problem is also constructed.
Design and Modeling of a Multi-camera-based Disease Detection Model
Authors: Ngongoma Mbulelo , Kabeya Musasa , Moloi Katleho 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

A state-of-the-art approach for plant disease detection systems is discussed in this paper. Most proposed disease detection models in literature utilize single infeed cameras to capture the images of sample plant organs for classification. Single-input cameras might compromise the classification accuracy of these models depending on which plant organ is being used. Single input camera classification models have operated with high classification accuracy and efficiency with leaf samples because of their flat surface area nature, however, this is not always the case for fruit samples because of their general spherical or cylindrical nature such as oranges or bananas. The symptoms of a disease on the surface area of a sample fruit might not be distributed evenly, hence a single input camera sensor might miss the vital diseased part if the sample is orientated such that the diseased area is directly opposing to the line of sight of the camera sensor, which can consequently lead to an incorrect classification of that sample under evaluation. Hence, this study has proposed a multi-camera input fruit disease classification model aiming to solve this problem. Citrus orange fruits were used to demonstrate the capability of the proposed model to classify healthy and black rot-affected orange samples. A healthy sample and two black-rot-affected oranges, one with even and the other with uneven distribution of black rot symptoms, were put under evaluation of the proposed multi-camera input model and the classification accuracy was 100% when utilizing a deep learning Convolutional Neural Network classification algorithm.
Strategies for mainstreaming nature-based solutions in urban planning in ten European cities
Authors: Hölscher Katharina , Frantzeskaki Niki , Collier Marcus , Connop Stuart , Kooijman Esmee , Lodder Marleen , McQuaid Siobhan , Vandergert Paula , Xidous Dimitra , Bešlagić Lejla , Dick Gillian , Dumitru Adina , Dziubała Agnieszka , Fletcher Isobel , Adank Cristian Garcia-Espina , Vázquez María González , Madajczyk Natalia , Malekkidou Eleni , Mavroudi Maria , Loizou Eleftherios , Osipiuk Agnieszka , Pasic Belma , González Antonio Pietro , Quartier Mien , Schepers Selina , Suljević Nermina , Trendafilov Ivaylo , De Sijpe Katrien Van , Velikova Velichka , Vos Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper identifies and examines the strategies and governance conditions by which ten European cities have started mainstreaming nature-based solutions (NBS) as innovative systemic solutions in urban planning. The three sets of mainstreaming strategies focus on how teams of policy entrepreneurs within the cities experimented with innovative governance processes and mechanisms to strategically develop procedures, knowledge, skills, and relationships to integrate (a) a systems’ approach to link NBS to policies, regulations, and departments across goals and sectors, (b) inclusive collaborations for localised interventions, and (c) reflexivity and learning about how they interact with the (institutional, ecological, social, etc.) contexts and create impacts. The strategies demonstrate how starting from NBS as a type of systemic innovation can help promote shifts in urban planning to address complex sustainability problems in cities, and how starting points and specific processes depend on a respective city’s contexts and needs.
The murine meninges acquire lymphoid tissue properties and harbour autoreactive B cells during chronic Trypanosoma brucei infection
Authors: Quintana Juan , Sinton Matthew , Chandrasegaran Praveena , Dubey Lalit Kumar , Ogunsola John , Samman Moumen , Haley Michael , McConnell Gail , Swar Nono Kuispond , Ngoyi Dieudonne Mumba , Mabbott Neil , MacLeod Annette 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe meningeal space is an important structure in the brain borders, which provides immunosurveillance for the central nervous system, but the impact of infections on the meningeal immune landscape is far from being fully understood. The extracellular protozoan parasiteTrypanosoma brucei, which causes Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness, accumulate in the meningeal spaces, ultimately inducing severe meningitis and resulting in death if left untreated. Thus, sleeping sickness represents an attractive model to study immunological dynamics in the meninges during infection. Here, combining single cell transcriptomics and mass cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF), coupled within vivointerventions, we found that chronicT. bruceiinfection triggers the development of ectopic lymphoid aggregates (ELAs) in the murine meninges during chronic infection. These infection-induced ectopic structures are defined by the presence of ER-TR7+fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) that initiate a signalling cascade driving local T cell activation towards a T follicular helper (TFH)-like phenotype, as well as B cell class switching. Furthermore, the GC-like B cells found in the infected meninges produce high-affinity autoantibodies able to recognise mouse brain antigens. We found that systemic lymphotoxin β (LTβ) signalling blockade led to a significant depletion of meningeal FDC-like cells and autoreactive B cells, indicating that LTβ signalling is critical to induce and maintain local responses in the meninges. In humans, we identified the presence of autoreactive IgG antibodies able to recognise human brain lysates in the cerebrospinal fluid of second stage HAT patients compared to first stage HAT patients, consistent with our findings in experimental infections. Taken together, our data provide evidence that the meningeal immune response results in the acquisition of lymphoid tissue-like properties during chronicT. bruceiinfection, broadening our understanding of meningeal immunity in the context of chronic infections. These findings have wider implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation ELAs during chronic inflammation resulting in autoimmunity in mice and humans, as observed in other autoimmune neurodegenerative disorders such as neuropsychiatric lupus and multiple sclerosis.
Insight into Aflatoxin M1 Degradation by Cold Plasma: Effects of different operating gases and treatment time - Degradation pathway andToxicity prediction
Authors: Flint Steve , Nguyen Thu , Palmer Jon , Pedley John , Petcu Miruna , Newson Harriet L. , Keener Kevin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the chemical reactive species of different operating gases, and their effect on the degradation of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) by cold plasma by measuring the reactive species concentration. Helium, at 80, 90 or 95%, was used mixed with oxygen, nitrogen and air. The efficacy of cold plasma on aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) reduction was improved when decreasing the ratio of helium in the gas mixture. The ratio of the gas mixtures changed the cold plasma chemistry believed to be due to the differences in the concentrations of the reactive species. The degradation products of AFM1 after cold plasma treatment using a helium/air gas mixture and the degradation pathway were identified by LCMS. AFM1 was oxidised by reactive species in the cold plasma to produce degradant products with, theoretically, lower toxicity than AFM1.
A Cost and Energy-Aware Deployment of IoT Applications scheme in Fog Systems
Authors: Faraji-Mehmandar Mohammad , Ghobaei-Arani Mostafa , Shakarami Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe number of Internet-connected devices is constantly increasing due to the growth of IoT. However, this results in a large volume of data transmission, which can cause issues with cloud-based storage and data processing due to inadequate bandwidth. This could lead to inadequacy of IoT; therefore, managing and storing data in such a way as not to cause the slightest delay in processing has become a major challenge in IoT. Both fog and cloud computing offer storage space, applications, and data for users, but fog computing is more geographically distributed and closer to the end-user, which increases system efficiency and reduces data transmission distance. Various QoS requirements of IoT services, distributed and heterogeneous nature of fog node computational capabilities make the application placement in Fog a challenging task. This paper proposes a solution that utilizes the Harris hawks optimization technique to monitor QoS requirements and available fog node capabilities to determine an efficient service placement plan. The proposed mechanism considers throughput, cost, and energy consumption as objective functions while meeting the QoS requirements of each IoT service. The simulation results obtained demonstrate that the proposed solution increases the resource usage and service acceptance ratio by 4.5% and 3.8%, respectively and reduces the service delay and the energy consumption by 2.95% and 1.62%, respectively compared with other state-of-the-art works.
Antioxidant and anti-hypertension activities of protein hydrolysate from sea cucumber, Holothuria parva using enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Mohamadzadeasl Asghar , Khodabandeh Saber 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Bioactive peptides of marine organisms have recently attracted great attention from scientists and industries. In this study, tissue protein of sea cucumber Holothuria parva muscle were hydrolyzed using bacterial alcalase enzyme and then sea cucumber protein hydrolysis (SPH) was separated by ultrafiltration membranes (30, 10 and 3 kDa) and four fractions with different molecular weight; FI (> 30 kDa), FII (10 < MW < 30 kDa), FIII (3 < MW < 10 kDa) and FIV (< 3 kDa) were obtained. The antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory of SPH and four fractions products FI, FII, FIII, and FIV were evaluated. The results show that the protein content of four fractions FI, FII, FIII, and FIV were 47.33, 57.08, 47.66, and 15.5 mg/ml, respectively. The results of biological analyzes showed that SPH exhibited the highest hydroxyl radical scavenger (48% at 10 µg/ml) and ferric ions (229.03% µg/mg) followed by FIV by (35% at 10 µg/ml). The highest ferric reducing was seen at SPH with (229.03 % at 10 µg/ml) followed by FIV (146/94% at 10 µg/ml). The DPPH scavenging activity of SPH, FI, and FII were 7.32%, 27.4%, and 6.77% at 10 µg/ml, respectively. The Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of 1mg FI, FII, FIII, and FIV were 7.60, 3.73, 7.86, and 13.60 mg/ml, respectively. The fraction with molecular weight below 3 kDa exhibited higher ACE inhibitory activity. The results of the current study showed that the H. parva muscle protein and their hydrolysis products has a suitable capacity for use in medical purposes.
Kuttler-Sigillito's Inequalities and Rellich-Christianson Identity
Authors: Berge Stine Marie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article has two main objectives: The first one is to show Kuttler-Sigillito type inequalities involving the mixed Neumann-Dirichlet, mixed Steklov-Dirichlet, and mixed Robin-Dirichlet eigenvalue problems for the Laplacian. We will demonstrate these inequalities on different domains e.g., squares and balls. The second objective is to show a Rellich identity for the mixed Neumann-Dirichlet problem. This identity will be used to prove a Rellich-Christianson identity for the Neumann-Dirichlet problem.
Effects of Audiovisual Virtual Reality Stimulation on Pain, Anxiety, and Relaxation During Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy for Ureteral Stones : A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kwon Hyosang , Lee Wonchul , Choi Changil , Kim Jong Keun , Lee Seong Ho , Han Jun Hyun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose We evaluate the effect of audiovisual virtual reality (AVVR) stimulation through a virtual reality (VR) device on pain, anxiety, and patient relaxation during SWL.Materials and Methods A total of 86 patients from a single institution who underwent SWL for ureteral stone were prospectively allocated. Patients with tolerable pain were randomized 1:1 two groups (SWL with or without AVVR stimulation groups). Anxiety, vital sign, renal colic pain represented the primary outcomes and were measured before and after SWL using STAI, visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes were pain due to SWL and stone free rate.Results Thirty-nine and 37 patients were randomly assigned to the AVVR and Control groups, respectively. In pre and post-SWL, SBP, DBP, HR, STAI, and pain due to renal colic were not statistically different between the two groups, but pain due to SWL showed a statistical difference of 1.79 ± 1.32 in the VR group, and 2.54 ± 1.26 in the control group (p = 0.014). In the VR group, significant decreases were shown in SBP (-4.97 ± 5.87 mmHg, p < 0.001), DBP (-1.67 ± 6.06 mmHg, p < 0.016), and HR (-1.41 ± 3.49 beats/min, p < 0.008).Conclusions AVVR reduces procedure-related pain and increases patient relaxation. The application of VR may be an effective and non-pharmacological technique to replace additional pain control during SWL. Developing specialized software for VR will maximize the advantages of these new instruments.
Collection of Biospecimens from the Inspiration4 Mission Establishes the Standards for the Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA)
Authors: Mason Christopher , Overbey Eliah , Ryon Krista , Kim JangKeun Kim , Tierney Braden , Klotz Remi , Ortiz Veronica , Mullane Sean , Schmidt Julian , MacKay Matthew , Damle Namita , Najjar Deena , Matei Irina , Patras Laura , Medina J. Sebastian Garcia , Kleinman Ashley , Hirschberg Jeremy , Proszynski Jacqueline , Narayanan Anand , Schmidt Caleb , Afshin Evan , Innes Lucinda , Saldarriaga Mateo Mejia , Schmidt Michael , Granstein Richard , Shirah Bader , Yu Min , Lyden David , Mateus Jaime 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The SpaceX Inspiration4 mission provided a unique opportunity to study the impact of spaceflight on the human body. Biospecimen samples were collected from the crew at different stages of the mission, including before (L-92, L-44, L-3 days), during (FD1, FD2, FD3), and after (R + 1, R + 45, R + 82, R + 194 days) spaceflight, creating a longitudinal sample set. The collection process included samples such as venous blood, capillary dried blood spot cards, saliva, urine, stool, body swabs, capsule swabs, SpaceX Dragon capsule HEPA filter, and skin biopsies, which were processed to obtain aliquots of serum, plasma, extracellular vesicles, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. All samples were then processed in clinical and research laboratories for optimal isolation and testing of DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, and other biomolecules. This paper describes the complete set of collected biospecimens, their processing steps, and long-term biobanking methods, which enable future molecular assays and testing. As such, this study details a robust framework for obtaining and preserving high-quality human, microbial, and environmental samples for aerospace medicine in the Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) initiative, which can also aid future experiments in human spaceflight and space biology.
Smaller stencil preconditioners for polyharmonic spline RBF-FD discretizations
Authors: Borne Sabine Le , Leinen Willi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Radial basis function finite difference (RBF-FD) discretization has recently emerged as an alternative to classical finite difference or finite element discretization of (systems) of partial differential equations. In this paper, we focus on the construction of preconditioners for the iterative solution of the resulting linear systems of equations. In RBF-FD, a higher discretization accuracy may be obtained by increasing the stencil size. This, however, leads to a less sparse and often also worse conditioned stiffness matrix which are both challenges for subsequent iterative solvers. We propose to construct preconditioners based on stiffness matrices resulting from RBF-FD discretization with smaller stencil sizes compared to the one for the actual system to be solved. In our numerical results, we focus on RBF-FD discretizations based on polyharmonic splines (PHS) with polynomial augmentation. We illustrate the performance of smaller stencil preconditioners in the solution of the three-dimensional convection-diffusion equation.
AMS subject classifications. 65D12, 65D25, 65F08, 65F10, 65F55, 65M12, 65N22
Association of Exosomes in Patients with Compromised Myocardial Perfusion on Functional Imaging
Authors: Liu Chia-Ju , Chen Jien-jiun , Wu Jo-Hsuan , Chung Yao-Te , Chen Jin-Wun , Liu Meng-Tsun , Chiu Chu-Hsuan , Chang Yi-Cheng , Chang Sheng-Nan , Lin Jou-Wei , Hwang Juey-Jen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives Exosomes are membrane vesicles that are actively secreted in response to microenvironmental stimuli. In this study, we quantified the amounts of exosomes in patients with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) and evaluated its relationship with myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).Methods Patients who underwent both MPI and coronary angiography were recruited. Plasma was collected during angiography and exosomes were extracted by the precipitation method. The perfusion scores and ventricular functional parameters were calculated from the MPI and compared with the amounts of exosomes and extracted miRNAs.Results Totally, 115 patients were enrolled (males: 78%; mean age: 66.6 ± 10.6 years old). Those with abnormal post-stress perfusion defect scores from MPI had significantly lower amounts of exosomes (p = 0.032). After multivariate analysis, abnormal post-stress perfusion remained to be significantly related to the amounts of exosomes (p = 0.035). In randomly selected forty samples, there was upregulation of miRNA-432-5p and miRNA-382-3p in those with altered post-stress perfusion.Conclusions Patients with compromised perfusion from MPI tended to get less amounts of exosomes in association with CAD related miRNAs. This is the first study to clarify the fundamental and pathophysiological causes of CAD using radiographic examinations.
Codimension-two bifurcations analysis of a discrete predator-prey model incorporating a prey refuge
Authors: Pang Ruyi , Chen Qiaoling 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a discrete predator-prey model with prey refuge is investigated. It is proved that the model undergoes codimension-2 bifurcations associated with 1:2 and 1:3 resonances. The bifurcation diagrams and phase portraits show that the model has some interesting complex dynamical behaviors, such as limit cycle, periodic solutions, chaos and codimension-1 bifurcations.
Outcome of Septal Cartilage Allograft in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Harutyunyan Armen , Hakobyan Gagik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:The aim of this study was to evaluation of long-term outcomes and patients satisfaction after nasal dorsal rhinoplasty with allogeneic cartilage graft of the nasal septum.Materials and methods:Study included 87 patients who underwent nasal dorsal augmentation with allogenous nasal septal cartilage graft from 2017 to 2023. Donor patients were patients who had taken excess nasal septal cartilage during functional rhinoplasty. According to the indications, crushed allogenic septal cartilage graft and PRF was also used. Aesthetic results rhinoplasty were assessed from preoperative and postoperative photographs and also by visual inspection. To assess the results of aesthetic rhinoplasty Visual analogue scale (VAS) «Utrecht Questionnaire» was used.Results:In 86 patients included in the study, there were no serious complications there was no deformation or extrusion. Allograft resorption was not observed in any of the cases. Analysis of mean aesthetic scores according to visual analogue scale (VAS) showed significant improvement after rhinoplasty from 3.6 preoperative to 8.3 (P <0.001) 3 months after surgery and 8.9 (P <0.001), respectively 1 year after surgery.Conclusions:Rhinoplasty with allogeneic cartilage graft of the nasal septum allows to achieve stable positive functional and aesthetic results and safe alternative to autologous cartilage in rhinoplasty, prevents complications, and additional surgical procedures. Rhinoplasty with allogeneic cartilage graft of the nasal septum allows to achieve stable positive functional and aesthetic results.
Compact Weighted Composition--Differentiation Operators of order n on the Hardy space
Authors: Fatehi Mahsa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The weighted composition–differentiation operator of order n is denoted by Dψ,φ,n. In this paper, we investigate some basic properties of compact weighted composition–differentiation operators of order n on the Hardy space. Moreover, we obtain the upper estimate on the norm of operator Dψ,φ,n, in the case that ∥φ∥∞ < 1.