bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The aflatoxin B1‐induced imidazole ring‐opened guanine adduct: High mutagenic potential that is minimally affected by sequence context
Authors: Minko Irina G. , Kellum Andrew H. , Stone Michael P. , Lloyd R. Stephen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a recognized risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma. The mutational signature of AFB1 is characterized by high‐frequency base substitutions, predominantly G>T transversions, in a limited subset of trinucleotide sequences. The 8,9‐dihydro‐8‐(2,6‐diamino‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydropyrimid‐5‐yl‐formamido)‐9‐hydroxyaflatoxin B1 (AFB1‐FapyGua) has been implicated as the primary DNA lesion responsible for AFB1‐induced mutations. This study evaluated the mutagenic potential of AFB1‐FapyGua in four sequence contexts, including hot‐ and cold‐spot sequences as apparent in the mutational signature. Vectors containing site‐specific AFB1‐FapyGua lesions were replicated in primate cells and the products of replication were isolated and sequenced. Consistent with the role of AFB1‐FapyGua in AFB1‐induced mutagenesis, AFB1‐FapyGua was highly mutagenic in all four sequence contexts, causing G>T transversions and other base substitutions at frequencies of ~80%–90%. These data suggest that the unique mutational signature of AFB1 is not explained by sequence‐dependent fidelity of replication past AFB1‐FapyGua lesions.
Computational optimization of engine emissions and performance of a CI engine powered with biogas and NiO nanoparticles doped diesel
Authors: Lalhriatpuia S. , Pal Amit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo counter the concern of the future availability of fossil fuel due to ever‐increasing energy demand and the emission generated due to its utilization, alternative renewable fuels, such as biogas and fuel additives in the form of nanoparticles emerge as viable alternative fuels. To date, no research has been carried out on the optimization of the co‐addition rate of nanoparticles and biogas. In this study, engine load (0.7–3.5 kW), Nickel oxide (NiO) Nanoparticles doped rate (NDR, 0–50 ppm), and Biogas Flow Rate (BFR, 0.5–1 kg/h) were selected as independent input variables to optimize compression ignition (CI) engine emission and performance outputs through the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. The F‐value of the RSM model indicates that the engine load variable has the greatest impact on engine output responses, with the BFR and NDR variables following in importance. At 2.54 kW engine load, 47.48 ppm NDR, and 0.747 kg/h BFR, the best engine output response was seen when the RSM model including the desirability function was optimized. Based on the optimization results, an assertion can be made that the use of nanoparticles in conjunction with biogas has a substantial impact on the emissions and efficiency of CI engines.
The clinical phenotype of germline RUNX1 mutations in relation to the accompanying somatic variants and RUNX1 isoform expression
Authors: Cabrerizo Granados David , Barbosa Indira , Baliakas Panagiotis , Hellström‐Lindberg Eva , Lundin Vanessa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGermline RUNX1 mutations lead to familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancy (FPDMM), characterized by thrombocytopenia, abnormal bleeding, and an elevated risk of developing myelodysplastic neoplasia (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at young age. However, it is not known why or how germline carriers of RUNX1 mutations have a particular propensity to develop myeloid hematologic malignancies, but the acquisition and composition of somatic mutations are believed to initiate and determine disease progression. We present a novel family pedigree that shares a common germline RUNX1R204* variant and exhibits a spectrum of somatic mutations and related myeloid malignancies (MM). RUNX1 mutations are associated with inferior clinical outcome; however, the proband of this family developed MDS with ring sideroblasts (MDS‐RS), classified as a low‐risk MDS subgroup. His relatively indolent clinical course is likely due to a specific somatic mutation in the SF3B1 gene. While the three main RUNX1 isoforms have been ascribed various roles in normal hematopoiesis, they are now being increasingly recognized as involved in myeloid disease. We investigated the RUNX1 transcript isoform patterns in the proband and his sister, who carries the same germline RUNX1R204* variant, and has FPDMM but no MM. We demonstrate a RUNX1a increase in MDS‐RS, as previously reported in MM. Interestingly, we identify a striking unbalance of RUNX1b and ‐c in FPDMM. In conclusion, this report reinforces the relevance of somatic variants on the clinical phenotypic heterogeneity in families with germline RUNX1 deficiency and investigates a potential new role for RUNX1 isoform disequilibrium as a mechanism for development of MM.
Cellular immunity in the era of modern multiple myeloma therapy
Authors: Liu Zhaoyun , Zhao Xianghong , Shen Hongli , Liu Xiaohan , Xu Xintong , Fu Rong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a relapsing clonal plasma cell malignancy and incurable thus far. With the increasing understanding of myeloma, highlighting the critical importance of the immune system in the pathogenesis of MM is essential. The immune changes in MM patients after treatment are associated with prognosis. In this review, we summarize currently available MM therapies and discuss how they affect cellular immunity. We find that the modern anti‐MM treatments enhance antitumour immune responses. A deeper understanding of the therapeutic activity of individual drugs offers more effective treatment approaches that enhance the beneficial immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, we show that the immune changes after treatment in MM patients can provide useful prognostic marker. Analysing cellular immune responses offers new perspectives for evaluating clinical data and making comprehensive predictions for applying novel therapies in MM patients.
Validation of an automatic software in assessing fetal brain volume from three dimensional ultrasonographic volumes: Comparison with manual analysis
Authors: Lu Jia Li Angela , Resta Serena , Marra Maria Chiara , Patelli Chiara , Stefanachi Vitaliana , Rizzo Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study was aimed to test the agreement between a manual and an automatic technique in measuring fetal brain volume (FBV) from three‐dimensional (3D) fetal head datasets.MethodsFBV were acquired independently by two operators from low risk singleton pregnancies at a gestational age between 19 and 34 weeks. FBV measurements were obtained using an automatic software (Smart ICV™) and manually by Virtual Organ Computer‐aided AnaLysis (VOCAL™). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to assess reliability, while bias and agreement were evaluate by examining Bland–Altman plots. The time spent in measuring volumes was calculated and values obtained compared.ResultsSixty‐three volumes were considered for the study. In all the included volumes successful volume analysis were obtained with both techniques. Smart ICV™ showed a high intra‐observer (0.996; 95% CI 0.994–0.998) and inter‐observer (ICC 0.995; 95% CI 0.991–0.997). An excellent degree of reliability was found when the two techniques were compared (ICC 0.995; 95% CI 0.987–0.998). The time required to perform FBV was significantly lower for Smart ICV™ than VOCAL™ (8.2 ± 4.5 vs. 121.3 ± 19.0 s; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe measurement of FBV is feasible with both manual and automatic techniques. Smart ICV™ showed an excellent intra‐ and inter‐observer reliability associated with a valuable agreement with volume measurements obtained manually with VOCAL™. Volumes may be measured significantly faster with smart ICV™ than manually and this automatic software has the potential to become the preferred methods for the assessment of FBV.
Synthesis of anthracene linked polycyclic pyridine derivatives fused with coumarin and pyrazole by one‐pot multicomponent strategy followed by oxidation
Authors: Mehar Aatka , Parvin Tasneem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA simple, metal‐free, and effective methodology has been developed for the synthesis of coumarin and pyrazole‐fused polycyclic pyridine derivatives. This synthesis was achieved in two steps. In the first step, polycyclic fused dihydropyridine derivatives were synthesized by a one‐pot three‐component reaction of 9‐anthracene carboxaldehyde/2‐naphthaldehyde, 4‐hydroxycoumarin, and 3‐amino pyrazole in acetonitrile using a catalytic amount of p‐TSA under reflux conditions. Then, these synthesized products were further oxidized into their corresponding pyridine derivatives using 10 mol% of molecular iodine as a catalyst in DMSO at 100°C. Metal‐free reaction conditions, good yields, simple purification process, operational simplicity, and inclusion of more than one bioactive moiety such as coumarin, pyrazole, pyridine, and anthracene/naphthalene in the product are the distinguishing features of this methodology.
Checklists and consistency of care after resuscitation from in‐hospital cardiac arrest: A pilot study
Authors: Raikhel Andrew V. , Carlbom David J. , Ferraro Stephen , Schulte Vera , Johnson Nicholas J. , Town James A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn‐hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) with the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is a clinical scenario associated with potentially devastating outcomes.ObjectiveInconsistencies in post‐ROSC care exist and we sought to find a low cost way to decrease this variability.Designs, Settings, and ParticipantsWe obtained pre and post intervention metrics including percentage of IHCA with a timely electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial blood gas (ABG), physician documentation, and documentation of patient surrogate communication after ROSC.InterventionWe developed and implemented a post‐ROSC checklist for IHCA and measured post‐ROSC clinical care delivery metrics at our hospital during a 1‐year pilot period.Main Outcome and ResultsAfter the introduction of the checklist, 83.7% of IHCA had an ECG within 1 h of ROSC, compared to a baseline of 62.8% (p = 0.01). The rate of physician documentation within 6 h of ROSC was 74.4% after introduction of the checklist, compared to a baseline of 49.5% (p < 0.01). The percentage of IHCA with ROSC that completed all four of the critical post‐ROSC tasks after the introduction of the post‐ROSC checklist was 51.1% as compared to 19.4% before implementation (p < 0.01).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated improved consistency in completing post‐ROSC clinical tasks after the introduction of a post‐ROSC checklist to our hospital. This work suggests that the implementation of a checklist can have meaningful impacts on task completion in the post‐ROSC setting. Despite this, considerable inconsistencies in post‐ROSC care persisted after the intervention indicating the limits of checklists in this setting. Future work is needed to identify interventions that can further improve post‐ROSC processes of care.
Surgical Fires Involving Alcohol‐Based Preparation Solution, 1991–2020
Authors: Sunkara Pranit R. , Grauer Jordan S. , John Jithin , Jones Edward L. , Roy Soham , Cramer John D. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAlcohol‐based skin preparations were first approved for surgical use in 1998 and have since become standard in most surgical fields. The purpose of this report is to examine incidence of surgical fires because of alcohol‐based skin preparation and to understand how approval and regulation of alcohol‐based skin preparations impacted trends in fires over time.MethodsWe identified all reported surgical fires resulting in patient or staff harm from 1991 through 2020 reported to the Food and Drug Administration's Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database. We examined incidence of fires because of these preparations, trends after approval and regulation, and common causes.ResultsWe identified 674 reports of surgical fires resulting in harm to patients and surgical personnel, in which 84 involved an alcohol‐based preparation. The time‐adjusted model shows that from 1996 through 2006, there was a 26.4% increase in fires followed by a 9.7% decrease from 2007 to 2020. The decrease in fires was most rapid for head and neck and upper aerodigestive tract surgeries. Qualitative content analysis revealed improper surgical site preparation as well as close proximity of surgical sites to an oxygen source as the most common causes of fires.ConclusionSince FDA approval, alcohol‐based preparation solutions have been associated with a significant percentage of surgical fires. Warning label updates from 2006 to 2012 coupled with increased awareness efforts of associated risks of alcohol‐based surgical solutions likely contributed to the decrease in fires. Improper surgical site preparation technique and close proximity of surgical sites to oxygen continue to be risk factors for fires.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:607–613, 2024
Impact of individual factors and personality trait on psychological problems of family members living with staff of a COVID‐19 frontline hospital: A cross‐sectional self‐administered anonymous questionnaire survey
Authors: Uenishi Shinya , Buyo Momoko , Sato Seiji , Kojitani Hiroko , Odachi Ryo , Matsuoka Toshiko , Okuda Yuka , Kimoto Sohei , Hironishi Masaya , Takahashi Shun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study aims to evaluate the association between individual factors/personality traits and depression and anxiety in family members living with staff working on the frontline of COVID‐19 care.MethodsThe subjects were family members over the age of 15 years living with staff members of a COVID‐19 frontline hospital. Between March 27 and April 11, 2021, 204 self‐administered anonymous questionnaires were distributed, and 149 responses were received. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Personality trait was assessed using the Big Five personality traits, and fear of COVID‐19 was assessed using the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale. We examined associations between HADS depression or anxiety scores with individual background factors, scores of Big Five personality traits, and Fear of COVID‐19 Scale.ResultsThe participants with anxiety had significantly higher scores for neuroticism and for the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale. The participants with depression had significantly lower scores for extraversion and higher scores for the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale. No individual background factors were significantly associated with HADS depression or anxiety scores.ConclusionAmong family members of staff of a COVID‐19 frontline hospital, lower extraversion, higher neuroticism, and fear of COVID‐19 were associated with anxiety and depression. This questionnaire survey was conducted before wide‐spread rollout of COVID‐19 vaccination, so the findings of this study are expected to be applicable to other future novel infectious outbreaks.
Thermal and thermomechanical properties of rolivsan unsaturated resins co‐cured with bisphenol A dicyanate
Authors: Zaitsev Boris A. , Kleptsova Larisa G. , Shvabskaya Irina D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present work discusses the experimental verification of the efficiency of a new method of chemical modification of thermosetting resins. The method is based on the use of (nano)micron‐sized interlayers that appear between densely crosslinked grains of a glassy network polymer during three‐dimensional radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers (oligomers). These interlayers act as self‐contained microreactors, into which different polyfunctional compounds can be introduced for carrying out the desired chemical reactions. Thermal and dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the influence of regimes of thermocatalytic co‐curing of rolivsan unsaturated resins (ROLs) with bisphenol A dicyanate (BADCy) on thermal and thermomechanical properties of the obtained crosslinked polymers. It was found that the cured ROL/BADCy blends with high (25–50 wt%) content of the BADCy component had less favorable thermal and mechanical parameters than the cured neat ROL. When the BADCy component of a ROL/BADCy blend played the role of a polyfunctional (modifying) additive (5–7.5 wt%) that migrated into “microreactors” and entered into ter‐molecular and other reactions, the final cross‐linked ROL‐BADCy blends had better high‐temperature strength, higher stability against thermo‐oxidative and hydrolytic destruction than the individual components (i.e., the cured neat ROL and the cured neat BADCy). As the chemical structure may comprise two networks covalently bound to each other, they can be considered as block copolymers. The obtained results confirm the efficiency of the proposed method of chemical modification of unsaturated thermosetting resins, such as ROLs.
Antimicrobial plastic films against SARS‐COV‐2 and pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Guerra José Wellington Vasconcelos , de Cerqueira Grazielle Rozendo , de Aguiar Maurício Fonsêca , da Silva Giselly Alves , do Nascimento Jessica Catarine Frutuoso , Guedes Duschinka Ribeiro Duarte , Ayres Constância Flávia Junqueira , Pena Lindomar José , Vinhas Glória Maria , de Almeida Yêda Medeiros Bastos , Morelli Carolina Lipparelli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolymeric films are used in numerous applications in the biomedical area. The incorporation of antimicrobial agents into these materials can prevent their surface from acting as a source of contamination of viruses and bacteria. In the present work, cinnamon and eucalyptus essential oils were incorporated into low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) by melt extrusion, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. For the success of incorporation, talc was used as an oil carrier and fixer. Despite high processing temperatures used (up to 175°C), the oleophilic character of talc was able to minimize oil losses, as proven by thermogravimetry. Good thermal and mechanical properties evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and tensile tests were confirmed. In addition, antimicrobial tests confirmed film activity against virus SARS‐CoV‐2 and bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. LDPE films incorporated with both oils showed significant antiviral properties against SARS‐CoV‐2, with viral titers reduction between 95.89% and 100%. Cinnamon oil showed more efficient antibacterial properties than eucalyptus oil, with relative bacterial growths of films next to zero (0.37% for E. coli and 2.07% for S. aureus). To the best of our knowledge, no previous work has developed plastic films incorporated with essential oils with confirmed antiviral properties against SARS‐CoV‐2.
Building design and selection for protection of critical assets
Authors: Vilas Karen R. , Mander Thomas J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMission Critical Buildings (MCB) are buildings that must remain operational in the event of a crisis to minimize risks due to asset damage, business interruption, and personnel impact. MCBs in processing facilities face operational hazards including explosions, fragments, fires, and toxic events. In the CSB's investigation report of the Philadelphia Energy Solutions Refinery incident, a recommendation was included for the API to update its standard to “require protection of critical safeguards and associated control system components from fire and explosion hazards, including radiant heat and flying projectiles.” This recommendation, if implemented, would require facilities to ensure MCBs are Multi‐hazard Resistant Buildings (MRBs) able to withstand a range of potential impacts. This paper details the key design characteristics of MRBs to protect critical assets in industrial processing facilities such as critical safeguards and control systems; emergency response equipment; people critical to operations and emergency response; or people located in buildings near processing units. Key concepts of protective building design are introduced, including the response of different building materials to hazards common in processing facilities. These concepts are then examined to illustrate how building response translates to human and equipment vulnerability.
Global adaptive stabilization via more efficient event‐triggered feedback for uncertain nonlinear systems
Authors: Huang Yaxin , Liu Yungang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper typically concerns more efficient event‐triggered implementation, and specifically establishes an adaptive event‐triggered framework to achieve global stabilization for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems while reducing both sensor‐to‐controller and controller‐to‐actuator communication (rather than only one‐side communication). First, a novel switching event‐triggering mechanism is proposed to determine when to transmit information and adjust parameters. Particularly, with the switching varying mechanism incorporated, not only large uncertainties (whose bounds are unknown) but also inherent nonlinearities can be effectively dealt with. Then, a linear simple controller, rather than a complicated nonlinear one as in the related literature, is designed based on the switching event‐triggering mechanism. It turns out that the closed‐loop system states converge to zero while no infinitely fast sampling/execution or infinite switchings occur. Notably, just owing to the linearity of controller function, the controller signal is kept from entering the event‐triggering mechanism, which enables the sensor‐to‐controller event‐triggered communication. Besides, by strengthening the switching varying mechanism, an explicit pre‐evaluation is derived for the lower bound of inter‐execution intervals, in order to ensure moderate communication rates for reliable implementation of the event‐triggered controller.
Robust data‐driven iterative learning control for nonlinear cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Shi Tao , Che Wei‐Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article mainly studies the problem of the robust security iterative learning control for nonlinear cyber‐physical systems, which suffer from external disturbances and denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. First, the nonlinear system can be transformed into an iterative linear data model, which is only used for the controller parameter design and the stability analysis without the physical meaning. Then, an extended state observer is introduced to estimate external disturbances along the iteration axis. At the same time, considering the influence of DoS attacks, an attack compensation mechanism is designed for DoS attacks along the iteration axis. In addition, an iterative‐varying penalty is designed to accelerate the convergence of the tracking error. Further, the mathematical induction is used to decouple the control input from the tracking error and the compression mapping principle is utilized to prove that the tracking error is ultimately bounded under the influence of disturbances and DoS attacks. Finally, the main results are verified by the motor simulation.