bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective study on the association of human herpesvirus reactivation with severe DRESS: A description of blood and skin reactivations
Authors: Marcombes C. , Ingen‐Housz‐Oro S. , Dezoteux F. , Staumont‐Sallé D. , Milpied B. , Tetart F. , de Prost N. , Fourati S. , Ortonne N. , Kasimir F. , Prusty B. K. , Descamps V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDrug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) is a severe adverse event (mortality of 10%). Its pathophysiology involves herpesviruses, particularly HHV‐6, but the exact mechanisms are still poorly understood.ObjectiveTo describe severe cases of DRESS and especially their association with herpesvirus reactivation.MethodsThis study was a multicentre case series conducted between 2007 and 2021 at five University Hospital Centres in France. The study included patients who had severe DRESS, which was defined as death, transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU), or severe damage to internal organs. We excluded patients without blood PCR sample, without a drug formally attributed or with RegiSCAR score < 6. We collected data on severity, causative drug, associated visceral damage and results of viral blood PCRs. HHV‐6 reactivation was studied in skin biopsies by detection of small non‐coding transcripts (HHV‐6 miR‐aU14) and a late viral protein (GP82/105).ResultsFifty‐two patients were included (29 female, median age 62, interquartile range (IQR) [37;72]). Eight patients (15%) died, 13 (27%) were admitted to ICU. Most patients (n = 34; 65%) had multisystem involvement: most frequent was liver (n = 46; 88%), then renal failure (n = 24; 46%). Forty patients (77%) had at least one blood viral reactivation among HHV‐6, EBV or CMV, of which 21 (53%) had at least two. Median time of blood HHV‐6 reactivation was 24 days (IQR [20;35]). HHV‐6 reactivation was demonstrated in 15 out of 20 skin biopsies, with a median time of 11 days [9;17].ConclusionsWe confirmed the high rate of HHV‐6 reactivation in severe DRESS and demonstrated cutaneous HHV‐6 reactivation using small non‐coding transcripts (HHV‐6 miR‐aU14), which preceded viral PCR positivity in blood. These results suggest that HHV‐6 reactivation during DRESS may start in skin. Furthermore, search for miR‐aU14 in skin biopsy could become a useful diagnostic tool for early detection of HHV‐6 reactivation.
Changes in late‐life assistance networks for Black and White older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Oyeyemi Deborah M. , Lin I‐Fen , Wang Haowei , Gan Daniel , Brown Monique J. , Freedman Vicki A. , Manning Mark 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted older Black Americans. Given that assistance networks play a crucial role in older adults' ability to respond to challenges, we sought to investigate whether older adults' assistance network size changed during the COVID‐19 pandemic and differed by race.MethodsWe analyzed data from the 2018–2020 rounds of the U.S. National Health and Aging Trends Study for Black and White adults aged 70 and older receiving help in the community or residential care settings. We used ordinary least squares regression to compare changes in assistance network size in the 2 years pre‐COVID‐19 (2018–2019, N = 3438) to changes in size at the onset of COVID‐19 (2019–2020, N = 3185).ResultsBlack older adults had larger assistance networks with a greater number of family helpers before and during the pandemic compared to their White counterparts. Assistance network size for older adults increased before but not during the pandemic mostly due to declines in unpaid nonrelative helpers and lack of increase in paid helpers. These effects did not differ by race.ConclusionsBlack and White older adults experienced similarly sized reductions in their assistance networks as a consequence of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Future research should investigate the relationship between these network changes and the unmet needs of older adults.
The DEAD‐box RNA helicase ZmRH48 is required for the splicing of multiple mitochondrial introns, mitochondrial complex biosynthesis, and seed development in maize
Authors: Yang Yan‐Zhuo , Ding Shuo , Liu Xin‐Yuan , Xu Chunhui , Sun Feng , Tan Bao‐Cai 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTRNA helicases participate in nearly all aspects of RNA metabolism by rearranging RNAs or RNA–protein complexes in an adenosine triphosphate‐dependent manner. Due to the large RNA helicase families in plants, the precise roles of many RNA helicases in plant physiology and development remain to be clarified. Here, we show that mutations in maize (Zea mays) DEAD‐box RNA helicase 48 (ZmRH48) impair the splicing of mitochondrial introns, mitochondrial complex biosynthesis, and seed development. Loss of ZmRH48 function severely arrested embryogenesis and endosperm development, leading to defective kernel formation. ZmRH48 is targeted to mitochondria, where its deficiency dramatically reduced the splicing efficiency of five cis‐introns (nad5 intron 1; nad7 introns 1, 2, and 3; and ccmFc intron 1) and one trans‐intron (nad2 intron 2), leading to lower levels of mitochondrial complexes I and III. ZmRH48 interacts with two unique pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins, PPR‐SMR1 and SPR2, which are required for the splicing of over half of all mitochondrial introns. PPR‐SMR1 interacts with SPR2, and both proteins interact with P‐type PPR proteins and Zm‐mCSF1 to facilitate intron splicing. These results suggest that ZmRH48 is likely a component of a splicing complex and is critical for mitochondrial complex biosynthesis and seed development.
Superficial versus deep injections of the upper midface—A prospective interventional split‐face study
Authors: Martín Javier Murillo , Revelles Juan Maria , Aznar Nerea Martínez , Jiménez Lidia Maroñas , Orellana Jose Barbosa , Gomariz Miguel Ángel , Alfertshofer Michael , Cotofana Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundVarious injection algorithms have been proposed in the past which are in line with the three aesthetic principles: upper face first, lateral face first, and deep regions first. However, increasing evidence is provided that the upper midface can be targeted with superficial soft tissue filler injections alone too.ObjectiveTo investigate in a prospective split‐face study design whether superficial or deep upper midfacial injections provide superior aesthetic outcomes.MethodsA total of n = 20 study participants (100% females; age 43.95 (11.7) years; BMI 22.92 (2.6) kg/m2) were treated with superficial soft tissue filler injections on side of their face and deep injections on the contralateral side with a mean volume of 0.78 cc. Outcome was evaluated at 7 weeks follow‐up for midfacial, and lower facial volume, for medial and lateral facial skin vector displacement, and for improvement of nasolabial, crow's feet, and upper cheek fullness severity scores.ResultsNo adverse events related to safety or product tolerability were observed during the entire study period. All semiquantitative scores improved statistically significantly after the observational period (p < 0.001) but displayed no difference between the two applied injection techniques (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe results of this split‐face study revealed that both the superficial and the deep cannula injection technique for midface volumization statistically significantly improve the midfacial volume, reduce nasolabial fold and crow's feet severity. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two injection techniques when compared via semiquantitative and objective outcome evaluation after 7 weeks follow‐up.
Intersite brain MRI volumetric biases persist even in a harmonized multisubject study of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Clark Kelly A. , O'Donnell Carly M. , Elliott Mark A. , Tauhid Shahamat , Dewey Blake E. , Chu Renxin , Khalil Samar , Nair Govind , Sati Pascal , DuVal Anna , Pellegrini Nicole , Bar‐Or Amit , Markowitz Clyde , Schindler Matthew K. , Zurawski Jonathan , Calabresi Peter A. , Reich Daniel S. , Bakshi Rohit , Shinohara Russell T. ,   the NAIMS Cooperative
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeMulticenter study designs involving a variety of MRI scanners have become increasingly common. However, these present the issue of biases in image‐based measures due to scanner or site differences. To assess these biases, we imaged 11 volunteers with multiple sclerosis (MS) with scan and rescan data at four sites.MethodsImages were acquired on Siemens or Philips scanners at 3 Tesla. Automated white matter lesion detection and whole‐brain, gray and white matter, and thalamic volumetry were performed, as well as expert manual delineations of T1 magnetization‐prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo and T2 fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery lesions. Random‐effect and permutation‐based nonparametric modeling was performed to assess differences in estimated volumes within and across sites.ResultsRandom‐effect modeling demonstrated model assumption violations for most comparisons of interest. Nonparametric modeling indicated that site explained >50% of the variation for most estimated volumes. This expanded to >75% when data from both Siemens and Philips scanners were included. Permutation tests revealed significant differences between average inter‐ and intrasite differences in most estimated brain volumes (P < .05). The automatic activation of spine coil elements during some acquisitions resulted in a shading artifact in these images. Permutation tests revealed significant differences between thalamic volume measurements from acquisitions with and without this artifact.ConclusionDifferences in brain volumetry persisted across MR scanners despite protocol harmonization. These differences were not well explained by variance component modeling; however, statistical innovations for mitigating intersite differences show promise in reducing biases in multicenter studies of MS.
The role of phytogenic feed additives in stress mitigation in broiler chickens
Authors: Oni Aderanti Ifeoluwa , Adeleye Oluwagbemiga O. , Adebowale Tolulope Oluwadamilare , Oke Oyegunle Emmanuel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe increase in global temperature and consumers' welfare has increased the use of phytogenic feed additives (PFA) to mitigate the negative effects of heat stress on chickens in recent years. Various bioactive compounds capable of improving the thermotolerance of broiler chickens during exposure to thermal challenges have been identified in different plant species and parts. This review is an overview of the roles of bioactive compounds of different PFA, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidants, growth‐promoting and immune‐modulating agents, in heat stress management in broiler chickens. Common PFA in use, particularly in tropical environments, are also discussed. An understanding of the roles of the PFA in chickens' thermotolerance could further stimulate interest in their use, thereby improving the birds' productivity and addressing consumers' concerns. This review collates the existing data on the roles of herbs in mitigating heat stress on chickens and highlights future research perspectives.
The effectiveness of stimulus control in cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in adults: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Verreault Mikael Demers , Granger Élyse , Neveu Xavier , Delage Julia Pizzamiglio , Bastien Célyne H. , Vallières Annie 
Published: August 2023

SummaryStimulus control is part of the widely used cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia. However, there is a lack of knowledge about its mechanisms of action and effectiveness when used alone. This systematic review with network meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate stimulus control efficacy when used alone compared with cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia or its components. The review also documented stimulus control mechanisms of action proposed by the authors. A search was conducted in several bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Psychology Behavioural Sciences Collection, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) and in two registers from 1972 to June 2022. Randomised studies with adult participants presenting a diagnosis of insomnia and including at least one stimulus control instruction in a treatment group were included. Risk of bias was assessed with the Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies. Twenty‐three studies were included and three network meta‐analyses were conducted. The quality of included studies was generally poor. Results indicate that stimulus control is an effective intervention to improve insomnia compared with control conditions. Not all stimulus control instructions seem essential, especially those known to recondition the bedroom for sleep. The review challenges the classical conditioning hypothesis. Results should be interpreted cautiously given the small number of studies included, bias risk, and inconsistencies in the network meta‐analysis. Rigorous research is needed in evaluating stimulus control efficacy and mechanisms.
Prostitution in Bolivia: An analysis of attitudes and perceptions
Authors: Bojanic Antonio N. , Jordán Alejandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerceptions about prostitution in Bolivia are analyzed through a survey conducted in February 2021. The results show that while prostitution is generally viewed as immoral, most people surveyed think that buying and selling sex should be legal. Utilizing least squares and probit regressions, we find that the principal predictors of the morality of the sex industry and on whether it should be legal are gender, attitude toward sex, rape myths, political persuasion, stance on gender equality, and beliefs regarding the size of government. Men and sexual liberals are inclined to view prostitution more favorably, whereas people with politically conservative views, those with strong beliefs in gender equality, and those who favor a bigger role for government tilt in the opposite direction. The main recommendation from these findings is that a national legal framework should be established to formalize the industry.
In search of a substitution model for coca in Colombia: Buffalo, cocoa, and coffee in Peasant Reserve Zones
Authors: Cascant‐Sempere Mª Josep , Dávila Celia , Vesga Susana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor years Colombia has been the world's largest coca producer. Its public management of crops for illicit use has swung between eradication, substitution, and, recently legalization. Forced eradication has been shown to be ineffective, and legalization is an incipient option, so the Peace Agreement puts forward substitution as the path to follow. Yet, what kind of substitution does it suggest? This article analyzes voluntary substitution projects in Peasant Reserve Zones. While some projects have evolved locally due in part to strong peasant associations, they have not gained traction nationally. In general, the difficulties inherent in any business play a role, but there are also structural limitations such as continued fumigations, obligations of prior eradication, the costs of production and transportation due to the lack of infrastructure and public services, and the issue of land rights, which limits peasants' access to the formal funding established by the Peace Agreement.
Linguistic prejudice and electoral discrimination: What can political theory learn from sociolinguistics?
Authors: Bonotti Matteo , Willoughby Louisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNormative political theorists working in the field of linguistic justice generally believe that participation in democratic life in linguistically diverse societies requires a shared lingua franca (e.g., Patten 2009; Van Parijs 2011). Even when a shared lingua franca is present, however, there is likely to be a variety of ways in which people speak it, due to variations in accent, pitch, register, and lexicon. This paper examines the implications of intra‐linguistic diversity for democracy and political representation. More specifically, by drawing on Andrew Rehfeld's (2010) work and on relevant sociolinguistics research, the paper argues that widespread unconscious linguistic prejudice constitutes a constraint on some citizens' right to run for political office that is incompatible with democratic equality. The argument is illustrated via a number of examples concerning Australian politicians.
Intensive care as a specialty of choice for registered nurses: A descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Saghafi Farida , Hardy Jennifer , Leigh Maria Cynthia , Hillege Sharon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundShortage and retention of experienced nurses are crucial matters and internationally acknowledged, particularly in specialty areas such as Critical Care.AimTo explore the experiences of registered nurses in their first and fourth years of practice in an adult intensive care unit.Study DesignThis descriptive phenomenological study was conducted over 4 years. Eligible participants were interviewed at two different points in their career. Ten registered nurses were interviewed after three to 6 months of employment in an adult intensive care unit (Phase One). Five of the same participants were interviewed in their fourth year of practice (Phase Two).FindingsFindings related to factors influencing the participants' choice of specialty and their retention are reported in this paper. Two themes emerged from Phase One: a unique environment, positive and negative emotions, unclear expectations, and the journey of a registered nurse. Two themes generated from data collected in Phase Two included a unique environment and being a proficient nurse. In both phases, nurses considered the Intensive Care Unit a stimulating learning environment.ConclusionsThis paper highlights that the registered nurse's perception of the Intensive Care Unit and Intensive Care Nursing influenced their choice of specialty, and learning opportunities influenced their decision to remain in the Intensive Care Unit.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings of this study inform action areas for healthcare organizations and nursing managers. Challenges, learning opportunities and the nature of critical care nursing should be considered target areas for organizations to promote and develop as part of critical care nurses' retention strategies. Education not only for new graduate nurses but also for all registered nurses should be ongoing.
The discourse of delivering person‐centred nursing care before, and during, the COVID‐19 pandemic: Care as collateral damage
Authors: Byrne Amy‐Louise , Harvey Clare , Baldwin Adele 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe global COVID‐19 pandemic challenged the world—how it functions, how people move in the social worlds and how government/government services and people interact. Health services, operating under the principles of new public management, have undertaken rapid changes to service delivery and models of care. What has become apparent is the mechanisms within which contemporary health services operate and how services are not prioritising the person at the centre of care. Person‐centred care (PCC) is the philosophical premise upon which models of health care are developed and implemented. Given the strain that COVID‐19 has placed on the health services and the people who deliver the care, it is essential to explore the tensions that exist in this space. This article suggests that before the pandemic, PCC was largely rhetoric, and rendered invisible during the pandemic. The paper presents an investigation into the role of PCC in these challenging times, adopting a Foucauldian lens, specifically governmentality and biopolitics, to examine the policies, priorities and practical implications as health services pivoted and adapted to changing and acute demands. Specifically, this paper draws on the Australian experience, including shifting nursing workforce priorities and additional challenges resulting from public health directives such as lockdowns and limitations. The findings from this exploration open a space for discussion around the rhetoric of PCC, the status of nurses and that which has been lost to the pandemic.
Rapid measurement and machine learning classification of colour vision deficiency
Authors: He Jingyi , Bex Peter J. , Skerswetat Jan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractColour vision deficiencies (CVDs) indicate potential genetic variations and can be important biomarkers of acquired impairment in many neuro‐ophthalmic diseases. However, CVDs are typically measured with tests which possess high sensitivity for detecting the presence of a CVD but do not quantify its type or severity. In this study, we introduce Foraging Interactive D‐prime (FInD), a novel computer‐based, generalisable, rapid, self‐administered vision assessment tool and apply it to colour vision testing. This signal detection theory‐based adaptive paradigm computed test stimulus intensity from d‐prime analysis. Stimuli were chromatic Gaussian blobs in dynamic luminance noise, and participants clicked on cells that contained chromatic blobs (detection) or blob pairs of differing colours (discrimination). Sensitivity and repeatability of FInD colour tasks were compared against the Hardy–Rand–Rittler and the Farnsworth–Munsell 100 hue tests in 19 colour‐normal and 18 inherited colour‐atypical, age‐matched observers. Rayleigh colour match was also completed. Detection and discrimination thresholds were higher for atypical than for typical observers, with selective threshold elevations corresponding to unique CVD types. Classifications of CVD type and severity via unsupervised machine learning confirmed functional subtypes. FInD tasks reliably detect inherited CVDs, and may serve as valuable tools in basic and clinical colour vision science.
Partial Articular Supraspinatus Tendon Avulsion Repair and Patch: A Technical Note for Augmenting the Supraspinatus Reinsertion with the Long Head of the Biceps Tendon
Authors: Avram George Mihai , Neculau Diana Cosmina , Obada Bogdan , Pomenta Bastidas Maria Victoria , Popescu Dragos , Fiodorovas Markas , Popescu Ion‐Andrei 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThere is no clear consensus on the treatment of partial articular‐sided supraspinatus tendon avulsions. Debridement alone might not be sufficient to prevent further tendon degradation or alleviate patient complaints. Direct repair using a suture anchor without treating the concomitant conditions of the long head of the biceps tendon might come with residual anterior shoulder pain or even further loss of function in cases of failed repair. The purpose of the present study is to describe an arthroscopic technique by which the long head of the biceps tendon can be included in the partial articular‐sided supraspinatus tendon avulsion repair.Technique Presentation with videoIn this technical note we describe the arthroscopic repair and augmentation with tenotomized biceps of partial supraspinatus tendon tears to address three main concepts for successful rotator cuff repairs, namely rotator cuff biologic augmentation, tendon to bone healing and postoperative pain prevention.ConclusionThe biceps tendon is a mechanically robust, locally available autograft that can be used in borderline partial articular‐sided supraspinatus tendon avulsions in order to biologically augment healing at the tendon‐bone interface without any immunogenic reactions or morbidity following harvesting.