bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocontrol-based management module provided maximum protection in potato against white grub, Lepidiota mansueta Burmeister in Assam, India
Authors: Dumala Sravani , Bhattacharyya Badal , Elangbam Bidyarani Devi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of some eco-friendly management modules based on plant oils and Metarhizium anisopliae against a biennial white grub species, Lepidiota mansueta Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) infesting potato crop in the farmer’s field at Majuli river island, Assam, India.

Results
Amongst all the modules evaluated against L. mansueta grubs, the pooled analysis of two years of data (2019–2020 and 2020–2021) revealed that Module-VI [presowing treatment of mustard oil cake @ 150 kg/ha + wood ash @ 150 kg/ha + panchagavya @ 3% plus the application of Metarhizium anisopliae @ 10 g/sq.m after 1st & 2nd earthing up (25 & 60 Days after Sowing (DAS))] and Module-III [presowing treatment plus soil drenching with jatropha oil @ 5 ml/lit after 1st & 2nd earthing up (25 & 60 DAS)] were significantly superior and statistically at par over the rest of the modules in recording high yield (122.71 and 121.50 q/ha, respectively), minimum per cent tuber damage on weight basis (11.32 and 11.82%, respectively) and number basis (14.07 and 14.78%, respectively). The maximum benefit cost ratio was recorded in Module-VI, followed by Module-III and Module- II.

Conclusion
All the management modules were effective, however, Module-VI and Module-III were found to be significantly superior and registered the least tuber damage on weight and number basis and the highest tuber yield compared to other modules.
HLA alleles associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in different populations: a systematic review
Authors: Fakhkhari Meryem , Caidi Hayat , Sadki Khalid 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus called as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Detected for the first time in December 2019 in Wuhan and it has quickly spread all over the world in a couple of months and becoming a world pandemic. Symptoms of the disease and clinical outcomes are very different in infected people. These differences highlight the paramount need to study and understand the human genetic variation that occurring viral infections. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is an important component of the viral antigen presentation pathway, and it plays an essential role in conferring differential viral susceptibility and severity of diseases. HLA alleles have been involved in the immune response to viral diseases such as SARS-CoV-2.

Main body of the abstract
Herein, we sought to evaluate this hypothesis by summarizing the association between HLA class I and class II alleles with COVID-19 susceptibility and/or severity reported in previous studies among different populations (Chinese, Italian, Iranian, Japanese, Spanish, etc.). The findings of all selected articles showed that several alleles have been found associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Even results across articles have been inconsistent and, in some cases, conflicting, highlighting that the association between the HLA system and the COVID‐19 outcome might be ethnic‐dependent, there were some alleles in common between some populations such as HLA-DRB1*15 and HLA-A*30:02.

Conclusion
These contradictory findings warrant further large, and reproducible studies to decipher any possible genetic predisposition underlying susceptibility to SARS-COV-2 and disease progression and host immune response.
Numerical simulation of a diesel engine performance powered by soybean biodiesel and diesel fuels
Authors: Abdelrazek Mohamed Khaled , Abdelaal Mohsen Mohamed , El-Nahas Ahmed Mustafa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study presents a 3-D numerical simulation of a direct injection diesel engine powered by base diesel oil and soybean biodiesel fuel at different load conditions. The modeling was performed using commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software linked to a chemical solver. A chemical kinetic reaction mechanism was developed to simulate the combustion and fuel spray processes. Base diesel oil results were verified using a single-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel engine.

Results
The study showed that the usage of the soybean biodiesel fuel caused a reduction in carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions by about 42.38% and 41.35%, compared with base diesel and an increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of about 21.8% and 11.2%, respectively. Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is reduced by an average value of 9.4%, the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is increased by an average value of 11.8% and the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is dropped by an average value of 11.3% for soybean biodiesel fuel.

Conclusions
The CFD model showed the effect of the unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters present in soybean biodiesel on the spatial distributed values of NOx, oxygen and temperature during the combustion in engine cylinder. It was observed that the combustion of soybean biodiesel began about 3.89 CAD earlier than base diesel, and the in-cylinder peak pressure was dropped by 8.25%. Soybean biodiesel fuel was optimized by performing four starts of injection (SOI) at timings of − 18, − 16, − 15 and − 13,5 bTDC, and it was found that the combustion characteristics of soybean biodiesel are optimum at SOI = − 15 bTDC. These results indicate that the biodiesel fuel can be used as an alternative and environmentally friendly fuel in the engine without any modifications.
Care at Your Fingertips: Codesign, Development, and Evaluation of the Oncology Hub App for Remote Symptom Management in Pediatric Oncology
Authors: Bradford Natalie , Slater Penelope , Fielden Philippa , Condon Paula , Skrabal Ross Xiomara , Douglas Matthew , Radford Claire , Carter Amanda , Walker Rick , Badat Ashraf , Edwards Rachel , Spencer Brooke , Herbert Anthony 
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE To codesign, develop, and evaluate a smartphone app that includes patient-reported measures of symptoms and real-time advice in children's cancer. METHODS The Oncology Hub is a comprehensive approach to symptom management that includes a suite of codesigned tools and resources including clinical algorithms to determine the level of concern, symptom management advice, and resources for families of children with cancer. The evaluation involved Think Aloud interviews with parent and adolescent patients to complete tasks in the app as well as a User Experience questionnaire (score range, 0-120) and qualitative feedback. The accuracy of algorithms was determined by repeated testing of inputs and outputs over 4 weeks. RESULTS Design and wireframes were iteratively refined through consultation with parents and adolescents confirming the final design. Beta testing evaluation was then completed by 25 participants including two adolescents. Across all participants, 84% of tasks were easy to navigate, and the Oncology Hub demonstrated high usability, usefulness, and acceptability with participants' scores ranging between 90 and 120 (mean = 112.2, standard deviation = 9.43). Qualitative feedback was positive. Testing of algorithms identified inconsistencies in understanding between clinical research and coding teams; refinements were made until the expected response notifications were returned with 100% accuracy. CONCLUSION Technology offers new ways to think about how clinicians and families communicate and share information to harness the best of community and hospital services. Understanding how information is exchanged using health apps, and how this affects clinical workflow is critical to successful implementation, and optimizing symptom assessment and management in children with cancer.
Rupture of the Prepubic Tendon in a Quadruplet Pregnant Romanov Ewe
Authors: Yilmaz Ö , Biçici Ö , Karakaya-Bilen E 
Published: January 2023

A case of prepubic tendon rupture in a Romanov ewe in which four live lambs were removed by cesarean section is presented. A three-year-old ewe, on the 142±3 days of the second gestation was brought to the Siirt University Animal Health Application and Research Center with a sudden downward expansion of the abdomen during the last one day. When ewe was examined reluctance to locomotion, mild depression, tachycardia, tachypnea and abdominal peculiar enlargement on the left side more than right side were noticed. Because of this case was detected early the general condition was not so bad and clinical examination revealed that swelling was non-painful and non-edematous. Ultrasonography was performed to detect viability of the fetuses, and to eliminate possibility of hernia of the abdominal muscles. Based on anamnesis, abdominal palpation, and clinical examination, this case was diagnosed with prepubic tendon rupture. The prognosis of saving the lives of ewe and fetuses depends on successfully handling all aspects of the case in the last period of pregnancy. Although it is not possible to repair the abdominal integrity surgically in cases of prepubic tendon rupture in the ewe, a planned cesarean operation is indicated to increase the survival rates of both ewe and lambs.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO RISCO DE INFECÇÃO E DE HOSPITALIZAÇÃO PELO SARS-COV-2 EM PACIENTES REUMÁTICOS
Authors: Fernandes Camila , Quintans Araujo Yuri , de Sousa Viana Tiago , Pitombeira Noronha Marcos Vinicios 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A síndrome respiratória aguda grave-coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), apresenta heterogeneidade clínica, a depender das singularidades dos indivíduos. As doenças reumatológicas, que cursam com alterações imunológicas, além de, necessitarem da terapia imunomodulatória para seu controle, acabam por influenciar na responsividade à infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Contudo, tal associação, bem como os fatores de risco e de gravidade, não estão claramente elucidados. OBJETIVO: analisar os fatores associados à infecção e à hospitalização de pacientes reumatológicos pelo SARS-Cov-2. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura narrativa, que utilizou as bases de dados PUBMED, Science Direct e o Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), com os descritores “Covid-19”, “Rheumatic Disease” and "Immunosuppression". Foram selecionadas 11 produções científicas para compor esta revisão. RESULTADOS: Doença reumatológica não foi associada à maior suscetibilidade à infecção/hospitalização por SARS-Cov-2. Em relação aos fatores demográficos, a associação com o aumento do risco de adoecimento/internação por Covid-19 não foi convergente. As comorbidades foram apontadas como fator de maior propensão para a infecção viral, já quanto às drogas antirreumáticas, houveram divergências. CONCLUSÕES: Pacientes reumatológicos apresentaram suscetibilidade semelhante à infecção/hospitalização da população geral. A idade avançada e a presença de comorbidades são fatores associados ao risco aumentado de infecção grave e hospitalização por Covid-19. Quanto à terapia imunossupressora, pacientes em uso de Rituximabe ou de glicocorticosteróides de forma crônica, apresentam maior taxa de hospitalização e infecção grave por Covid-19, com aquele aumentando ainda o risco de morte. Já o uso de anti-TNF alfa apresentam efeito protetor.
Comportamiento del cumplimiento tributario de los trabajadores por cuenta propia en Cuba
Authors: Díaz Maira Vázquez , Silveira-Pérez Yahilina , Sanabria-Navarro José Ramón , Gutiérrez Oscar Parada 
Published: January 2023

The Municipal Office of Tax Administration of Santiago de Cuba faces a sustained growth in the level of tax debt of the sector of self-employed workers who pay taxes under the general regime. In this paper, the factors that have the greatest influence on the behaviour of tax compliance in this segment of taxpayers are examined. Surveys were applied to selected experts from the institution, and to a selected sample, processed in SPSS 28.0 and applying prospective planning methods. It showed as key factors: the perception of risk, institutional control, tax justice, keeping documentation of fiscal relevance, trust in ONAT, communication and knowledge of the destination of their contributions to the budget. In addition, strategic recommendations are offered to strengthen strategic alliances with territorial organizations that intervene in compliance management.
La Oficina municipal de Administración Tributaria de Santiago de Cuba enfrenta un crecimiento sostenido del nivel de deuda tributaria del sector de trabajadores por cuenta propia que tributan por el régimen general. En este trabajo se exponen los factores que mayor incidencia tienen sobre el comportamiento de cumplimiento tributario en este segmento de contribuyentes. Se aplicaron encuestas a expertos seleccionados de la institución y a una muestra seleccionada de trabajadores por cuenta propia, fueron procesadas en el SPSS 28.0 y se aplicaron métodos de planificación prospectiva. Dichas encuestas arrojaron como factores clave la percepción del riesgo, el control institucional, la justicia tributaria, la conservación de la documentación de relevancia fiscal, la confianza en la ONAT, la comunicación y el conocimiento del destino de sus aportes al presupuesto. Se ofrecen, además, recomendaciones estratégicas para potenciar las alianzas estratégicas con organismos del territorio que intervienen sobre la gestión de cumplimiento.
Occupational and geographical differentials in financial protection against healthcare out-of-pocket payments in Nepal: Evidence for universal health coverage
Authors: Sapkota Vishnu Prasad , Bhusal Umesh Prasad , Adhikari Govinda Prasad 
Published: January 2023

Background
The low-and middle-income countries, including Nepal, aim to address the financial hardship against healthcare out-of-pocket (OOP) payments through various health financing reforms, for example, risk-pooling arrangements that cover different occupations. World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended member states to establish pooling arrangements so that the financial risks owing to health uncertainty can be spread across population. This study aims to analyse the situation of financial protection across occupations and geography using nationally representative annual household survey (AHS) in Nepal.

Methods
We measured catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) due to OOP using two popular approaches—budget share and capacity-to-pay, and impoverishment impact at absolute and relative poverty lines. This study is the first of its kind from south-east Asia to analyse disaggregated estimates of financial protection across occupations and geography. The inequality in financial risk protection was measured using concentration index. Data were extracted from AHS 2014–15 –a cross-sectional survey that used standard consumption measurement tool (COICOP) and International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO).

Results
We found a CHE of 10.7% at 10% threshold and 5.2% at 40% threshold among households belonging to agricultural workers. The corresponding figures were 10% and 4.8% among ‘plant operators and craft workers’. Impoverishment impact was also higher among these households at all poverty lines. In addition, CHE was higher among unemployed households. A negative concentration index was observed for CHE and impoverishment impact among agricultural workers and ‘plant operators and craft workers’. In rural areas, we found a CHE of 11.5% at 10% threshold and a high impoverishment impact. Across provinces, CHE was 12% in Madhesh and 14.3% in Lumbini at 10% threshold, and impoverishment impact was 1.9% in Madhesh, Karnali and Sudurpachim at US $1.90 a day poverty line.

Conclusion
Households belonging to informal occupations were more prone to CHE and impoverishment impact due to healthcare OOP payments. Impoverishment impact was disproportionately higher among elementary occupations, agricultural workers, and ‘plant operators and craft workers’. Similarly, the study found a wide urban/rural and provincial gap in financial protection. The results can be useful to policymakers engaged in designing health-financing reforms to make progress toward UHC.
Classes of trivial ring extensions and amalgamations subject to pseudo-almost valuation condition
Authors: Moutui Moutu Abdou Salam , Ouled Azaiez Najib , Koç Suat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper studies the transfer of pseudo-almost valuation property
(PAVR property for short) to various context of commutative ring
extensions such as power series ring, trivial ring extension and amalgamation. Our
work is motivated by an attempt to generate new original classes of
rings satisfying this property. The obtained results are backed with
new and illustrative examples arising as trivial ring extensions,
amalgamations and pullback constructions.
On interpolation of reflexive variable Lebesgue spaces on which the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator is bounded
Authors: Diening Lars , Karlovych Oleksiy , Shargorodsky Eugene 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We show that the necessity part of the main result of [L. Diening, O. Karlovych and E. Shargorodsky,
On interpolation of reflexive variable Lebesgue spaces on which the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator is bounded,
Georgian Math. J. 29 2022, 3, 347–352]
can be derived easily from its predecessor [2, Theorem 4.1]
and its sufficiency part.
Evaluasi Unit Pengolahan Garam Washing Plant dalam Meningkatkan Mutu dan Daya Saing Garam Rakyat
Authors: Syah Achmad Fachruddin , Dwiyitno Dwiyitno , Jafar Shodiq Syayid , Rini Rimbi Lilik Trisetyo , Simatupang Shanas Thalia Oktava 
Published: January 2023

Dalam rangka mengurangi ketergantungan pada garam impor, maka diperlukan peningkatan kualitas garam dalam negeri. Salah satu upaya peningkatan kualitas garam yang dilakukan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) adalah menggunakan teknologi washing plant. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi unit pengolahan garam washing plant yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas garam rakyat di Jawa timur yaitu di Kabupaten Sampang dan Pasuruan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan riset evaluasi. Sampel garam sebelum dan setelah melewati washing plant dianalisis mutunya yang meliputi kadar NaCl, kadar air, komponen tak larut, kandungan mineral pengotor (Ca dan Mg), dan logam berat (Fe). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas garam rakyat sebelum mengalami proses pencucian belum memenuhi syarat sebagai garam konsumsi (SNI 4435-2017), namun setelah melewati washing plant kandungan NaCl mengalami peningkatan dari 93% menjadi 95% – 96%. Di sisi yang lain, mineral pengotor (Ca dan Mg), dan logam berat (Fe) mengalami penurunan yaitu untuk Ca dari 877 - 1799 ppm menjadi 399 - 1101 ppm; Mg dari 2462 - 8064 ppm menjadi 793 - 992 ppm; dan Fe dari 23 - 43 menjadi 8 - 11 ppm. Secara umum hasil uji paired t test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan mutu garam yang cukup signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah proses pencucian. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa washing plant yang digunakan dapat meningkatkan kualitas garam rakyat.
Fibers as nutraceuticals: A review
Authors: Sharma Ashok Kumar , Sharma Nitin , Tanya  , Verma Jaiprakash , Ankur  
Published: January 2023

The finest foods for bodybuilding, or "Superfoods," in our everyday diet are fruits. And now is the moment to join the movement for a successful year to come. They aid in muscular growth and are tasty and healthful. Yes, it is. Fruits are sometimes disregarded in bodybuilding communities because of their sugar content, but with good planning, gains may be increased.Fruits are a good source of potassium, carbohydrates, vitamin C, and antioxidants, all of which aid in muscle growth. The very best Fruits won't empty your bank account. These affordable natural supplements provide a balanced intake of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients without the unintended negative effects of synthetic supplements.Fiber might be beneficial if you're trying to gain strength and muscle. It doesn't directly fuel your gains or induce muscular growth, but it does other things that can improve your workout performance.
A study on assessment of knowledge and attitude about generic medicines among interns in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Jyothi Bhagya , Shetty Robin , Rai Mohandas 
Published: January 2023

According to a WHO report, approximately 55 million people in India are still living in poverty as a result of household out-of-pocket expenses for health care, particularly medications. Thus, it is imperative to keep healthcare costs as low as possible without limiting access to high-quality care. Increasing the use of generic medications can raise affordability of healthcare without sacrificing the standard of care. Doctors' prescriptions play an extremely significant role. In order to identify potential obstacles to the use of generic drugs, it may be helpful to understand the doctor's perspective about generic drugs.A cross-sectional study was carried out using a validated questionnaire that included questions to evaluate the participant’s knowledge and attitude on generic medicines. Data was collected using google forms and Chi square test was used to list association of knowledge and attitude.It was observed that attitude among interns were extremely significant whereas the knowledge was insignificant.According to the study, knowledge about generic drugs were not significant however they had significant attitude towards it so educating interns and medical students about generic drugs will promote more awareness about prescribing generic medicine.
NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM CERITA RAKYAT SUMBAWA
Authors: Desmawanti Rosa 
Published: January 2023

This study deals with the values of character education and local wisdom in Sumbawa Regency’s folklores.. This study aims to describing the types, content, the values of character education, the local wisdoms, and relevance with literature taught in elementary school. There are three sub-districts in Sumabawa Regency, they are Plampang, Lenanggular, and Utan. The subjects of this study were folklores entitled Paruma Ero, Batu Tongkok, Bola Sabale, and Meke Serep. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The technique of the data analysis employs flow model analysis starting from collection, reduction, service, and conclusion. The raw data from the fields were selected, grouped, and arranged into an easy-to-analyze form to conclude. The research result from folklores ere; a myth, a legend, and a tale. The four folklores contain many character education values to impart curiosity, caring about environment, peace, high-determination, spirit of nationality, responsibility, honesty, creativity, religion, discipline, and independence.