bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fitness to fly for children and adolescents after Fontan palliation
Authors: Müller N. , Herberg U. , Breuer J. , Kratz T. , Härtel J. A. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionAt cruising altitude, the cabin pressure of passenger aircraft needs to be adjusted and, therefore, the oxygen content is equivalent to ambient air at 2,500 masl, causing mild desaturation and a rising pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in healthy subjects. For Fontan patients with passive pulmonary perfusion, a rising PVR can cause serious medical problems. The purpose of this fitness to fly investigation (FTF) is to assess the risk of air travel for children and adolescents after Fontan palliation.MethodsWe investigated 21 Fontan patients [3–14y] in a normobaric hypoxic chamber at a simulated altitude of 2,500 m for 3 h. Oxygen saturation, heart rate, and regional tissue saturation in the forehead (NIRS) were measured continuously. Before entering the chamber, after 90 and 180 min in the hypoxic environment, blood gas analysis and echocardiography were performed.ResultsHeart rate and blood pressure did not show significant intraindividual changes. Capillary oxygen saturation (SaO2) decreased significantly after 90 min by a mean of 5.6 ± 2.87% without further decline. Lactate, pH, base excess, and tissue saturation in the frontal brain did not reach any critical values. In the case of open fenestration between the tunnel and the atrium delta, P did not increase, indicating stable pulmonary artery pressure.ConclusionAll 21 children finished the investigation successfully without any adverse events, so flying short distance seems to be safe for most Fontan patients with good current health status. As the baseline oxygen saturation does not allow prediction of the maximum extent of desaturation and adaption to a hypoxic environment takes up to 180 min, the so-called hypoxic challenge test is not sufficient for these patients. Performing an FTF examination over a period of 180 min allows for risk assessment and provides safety to the patients and their families, as well as the airline companies.
Lateral neck dissection for the treatment of synchronous and metachronous lateral neck metastasis of N1b papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Yun Hyeok Jun , Lee Jin Seok , Lee Jun Sung , Kim Seok Mo , Chang Hojin , Lee Yong Sang , Chang Hang-Seok , Park Cheong Soo 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionMetachronous lateral neck recurrence after thyroidectomy for N1b papillary thyroid cancer is accompanied by high morbidity and increased difficulty of reoperation. From the perspective of recurrence, the objective of this study was to compare patients who underwent metachronous lateral neck dissection (mLND) despite initial thyroidectomy and patients who underwent synchronous lateral neck dissection (sLND) for papillary thyroid cancer and analyze the risk factors for recurrence after mLND.MethodThis retrospective study involved 1,760 patients who underwent lateral neck dissection for papillary thyroid cancer at the Gangnam Severance Hospital, a tertiary medical center in Korea, from June 2005 to December 2016. The primary outcome was structural recurrence, and secondary outcome measures were risk factors of recurrence in the mLND group.ResultA total of 1,613 patients underwent thyroidectomy and sLND at diagnosis. In 147 patients, thyroidectomy alone was performed at the time of diagnosis, and mLND was performed when recurrence to the lateral neck lymph node was confirmed. During a median follow-up of 102.1 months, 110 (6.3%) patients experienced a recurrence. There was no significant difference in the recurrence between the sLND and mLND groups (6.1% vs 8.2%, P=.32). The period from lateral neck dissection to recurrence was longer in the mLND group than in the sLND group (113.6 ± 39.4 months vs 87.0 ± 33.8 months, respectively, P&lt;.001). Age ≥50 years (adjusted HR=5.209, 95% CI=1.359–19.964; P=.02), tumor size &gt;1.45 cm (adjusted HR=4.022, 95% CI=1.036–15.611; P=.04), and lymph node ratio in the lateral compartment (adjusted HR=4.043, 95% CI=1.079–15.148; P=.04) were independent variables predictive of recurrence after mLND.ConclusionmLND is suitable for treating lateral neck recurrence in patients with N1b papillary thyroid cancer who previously underwent thyroidectomy. Lateral neck recurrence after treatment in patients who underwent mLND was predicted by age, tumor size, and lymph node ratio in the lateral compartment.
Rice-Magnaporthe transcriptomics reveals host defense activation induced by red seaweed-biostimulant in rice plants
Authors: Banakar Sahana N. , Prasannakumar M. K. , Parivallal P. Buela , Pramesh D. , Mahesh H. B. , Sarangi Aditya N. , Puneeth M. E. , Patil Swathi S. 
Published: June 2023

Red seaweed extracts have been shown to trigger the biotic stress tolerance in several crops. However, reports on transcriptional modifications in plants treated with seaweed biostimulant are limited. To understand the specific response of rice to blast disease in seaweed-biostimulant-primed and non-primed plants, transcriptomics of a susceptible rice cultivar IR-64 was carried out at zero and 48 h post inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae (strain MG-01). A total of 3498 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified; 1116 DEGs were explicitly regulated in pathogen-inoculated treatments. Functional analysis showed that most DEGs were involved in metabolism, transport, signaling, and defense. In a glass house, artificial inoculation of MG-01 on seaweed-primed plants resulted in the restricted spread of the pathogen leading to the confined blast disease lesions, primarily attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The DEGs in the primed plants were defense-related transcription factors, kinases, pathogenesis-related genes, peroxidases, and growth-related genes. The beta-D-xylosidase, a putative gene that helps in secondary cell wall reinforcement, was downregulated in non-primed plants, whereas it upregulated in the primed plants indicating its role in the host defense. Additionally, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, pathogenesis-related Bet-v-I family protein, chalcone synthase, chitinases, WRKY, AP2/ERF, and MYB families were upregulated in seaweed and challenge inoculated rice plants. Thus, our study shows that priming rice plants with seaweed bio-stimulants resulted in the induction of the defense in rice against blast disease. This phenomenon is contributed to early protection through ROS, protein kinase, accumulation of secondary metabolites, and cell wall strengthening.
Effector T cell chemokine IP-10 predicts cardiac recovery and clinical outcomes post-myocardial infarction
Authors: Sopova Kateryna , Tual-Chalot Simon , Mueller-Hennessen Matthias , Vlachogiannis Nikolaos I. , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Biener Moritz , Sachse Marco , Turchinovich Andrey , Polycarpou-Schwarz Maria , Spray Luke , Maneta Eleni , Bennaceur Karim , Mohammad Ashfaq , Richardson Gavin David , Gatsiou Aikaterini , Langer Harald F. , Frey Norbert , Stamatelopoulos Kimon , Heineke Joerg , Duerschmied Daniel , Giannitsis Evangelos , Spyridopoulos Ioakim , Stellos Konstantinos 
Published: June 2023

Background and aimsPreclinical data suggest that activation of the adaptive immune system is critical for myocardial repair processes in acute myocardial infarction. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical value of baseline effector T cell chemokine IP-10 blood levels in the acute phase of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for the prediction of the left ventricular function changes and cardiovascular outcomes after STEMI.MethodsSerum IP-10 levels were retrospectively quantified in two independent cohorts of STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.ResultsWe report a biphasic response of the effector T cell trafficking chemokine IP-10 characterized by an initial increase of its serum levels in the acute phase of STEMI followed by a rapid reduction at 90min post reperfusion. Patients at the highest IP-10 tertile presented also with more CD4 effector memory T cells (CD4 TEM cells), but not other T cell subtypes, in blood. In the Newcastle cohort (n=47), patients in the highest IP-10 tertile or CD4 TEM cells at admission exhibited an improved cardiac systolic function 12 weeks after STEMI compared to patients in the lowest IP-10 tertile. In the Heidelberg cohort (n=331), STEMI patients were followed for a median of 540 days for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Patients presenting with higher serum IP-10 levels at admission had a lower risk for MACE after adjustment for traditional risk factors, CRP and high-sensitivity troponin-T levels (highest vs. rest quarters: HR [95% CI]=0.420 [0.218-0.808]).ConclusionIncreased serum levels of IP-10 in the acute phase of STEMI predict a better recovery in cardiac systolic function and less adverse events in patients after STEMI.
Cognitive biases and moral characteristics of healthcare workers and their treatment approach for persons with advanced dementia in acute care settings
Authors: Erel Meira , Marcus Esther-Lee , DeKeyser Ganz Freda 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionPalliative care (PC) delivery for persons with advanced dementia (AD) remains low, particularly in acute-care settings. Studies have shown that cognitive biases and moral characteristics can influence patient care through their effect on the thinking patterns of healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine whether cognitive biases, including representativeness, availability, and anchoring, are associated with treatment approaches, ranging from palliative to aggressive care in acute medical situations, for persons with AD.MethodsThree hundred fifteen HCWs participated in this study: 159 physicians and 156 nurses from medical and surgical wards in two hospitals. The following questionnaires were administered: a socio-demographic questionnaire; the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire; the Professional Moral Courage Scale; a case scenario of a person with AD presenting with pneumonia, with six possible interventions ranging from PC to aggressive care (referring to life-prolonging interventions), each given a score from (−1) (palliative) to 3 (aggressive), the sum of which is the “Treatment Approach Score;” and 12 items assessing perceptions regarding PC for dementia. Those items, the moral scores, and professional orientation (medical/surgical) were classified into the three cognitive biases.ResultsThe following aspects of cognitive biases were associated with the Treatment Approach Score: representativeness—agreement with the definition of dementia as a terminal disease and appropriateness of PC for dementia; availability—perceived organizational support for PC decisions, apprehension regarding response to PC decisions by seniors or family, and apprehension regarding a lawsuit following PC; and anchoring—perceived PC appropriateness by colleagues, comfort with end-of-life conversations, guilt feelings following the death of a patient, stress, and avoidance accompanying care. No association was found between moral characteristics and the treatment approach. In a multivariate analysis, the predictors of the care approach were: guilt feelings about the death of a patient, apprehension regarding senior-level response, and PC appropriateness for dementia.ConclusionCognitive biases were associated with the care decisions for persons with AD in acute medical conditions. These findings provide insight into the potential effects of cognitive biases on clinical decisions, which may explain the disparity between treatment guidelines and the deficiency in the implementation of palliation for this population.
Surgical resection for second primary colorectal cancer: a population-based study
Authors: Li Ting , Liu Zhenyang , Bai Fei , Xiao Hua , Zhou Huijun 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSecond primary colorectal cancer (CRC) is attributed to a crucial component of the CRC population. Still, its treatments remain unclear due to the troublesome conditions originating from multiple primary cancers and the lack of quality evidence. This study aimed to determine that which type of surgical resection is the eligible treatment for second primary CRC among patients with a prior cancer history.MethodsThis cohort study retrospectively collected patients with second primary stage 0-III CRC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2000 to 2017. Prevalence of surgical resection in second primary CRC, overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) of patients who received different surgical interventions were estimated.ResultsA total of 38,669 patients with second primary CRC were identified. Most of the patients (93.2%) underwent surgical resection as initial treatment. Approximately 39.2% of the second primary CRCs (N = 15,139) were removed with segmental resection, while 54.0% (N = 20,884) were removed through radical colectomy/proctectomy. Surgical resection was associated with a significantly favorable OS and DSS compared to those not receiving any surgical operations for second primary CRC [OS: adjusted Hazard ratios (adjusted HR): 0.35; 95% CI: 0.34–0.37, p &lt; 0.001; DSS: adjusted HR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.25–0.29, p &lt; 0.001]. Segmental resection considerably outperformed radical resection in terms of OS and DSS (OS: adjusted HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.91–1.00, p = 0.07; DSS: adjusted HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87–0.97, p = 0.002). Segmental resection was also associated with a significantly reduced cumulative mortality of postoperative non-cancer comorbidities.ConclusionSurgical resection demonstrated excellent oncological superiority for second primary CRC and was used to remove the vast majority of second primary CRCs. In comparison to radical resection, segmental resection offered a better prognosis and reduced postoperative non-cancer complications. The second primary colorectal cancers should be resected if the patients can afford surgical operations.
The value of histopathology combined with CapitalBio Mycobacterium real-time polymerase chain reaction test for diagnosing spinal tuberculosis
Authors: Yao Liwei , Bu Caifang , Zhang Jinjuan , Zhang Dandan 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of CapitalBio Mycobacterium real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (CapitalBio test) in spinal tuberculosis (STB). The value of histopathology combined with the CapitalBio test in diagnosing STB was also assessed.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the medical information of suspected STB. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the curve (AUC) of histopathology, CapitalBio test, and histopathology combined with CapitalBio test were calculated to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy compared with a composite reference standard.ResultsA total of 222 suspected STB patients were included in the study. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC of histopathology for STB were recorded to be 62.0, 98.0, 97.4, 68.3%, and 0.80, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC of the CapitalBio test were 75.2, 98.0, 97.9, 76.7%, and 0.87, respectively, while that of histopathology combined with the CapitalBio test was 81.0, 96.0, 96.1, 80.8%, and 0.89, respectively.ConclusionHistopathology and CapitalBio test exhibited high accuracy and are recommended in diagnosing STB. Histopathology combined with the CapitalBio test might give the best efficacy in STB diagnosis.
Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy computed tomography in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension compared to V/Q-SPECT and pulmonary angiogram
Authors: Schüssler Armin , Lug Quirin , Kremer Nils , Harth Sebastian , Kriechbaum Steffen D. , Richter Manuel J. , Guth Stefan , Wiedenroth Christoph B. , Tello Khodr , Steiner Dagmar , Seeger Werner , Krombach Gabriele Anja , Roller Fritz Christian 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe relevance of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) for the detection of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) still lies behind V/Q-SPECT in current clinical guidelines. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of DECT compared to V/Q-SPECT with invasive pulmonary angiogram (PA) serving as the reference standard.MethodsA total of 28 patients (mean age 62.1 years ± 10.6SD; 18 women) with clinically suspected CTEPH were retrospectively included. All patients received DECT with the calculation of iodine maps, V/Q-SPECT, and PA. Results of DECT and V/Q-SPECT were compared, and the percent of agreement, concordance (utilizing Cohen's kappa), and accuracy (kappa2) to PA were calculated. Furthermore, radiation doses were analyzed and compared.ResultsIn total, 18 patients were diagnosed with CTEPH (mean age 62.4 years ± 11.0SD; 10 women) and 10 patients had other diseases. Compared to PA, accuracy and concordance for DECT were superior to V/Q-SPECT in all patients (88.9% vs. 81.3%; k = 0.764 vs. k = 0.607) and in CTEPH patients (82.4% vs. 70.1%; k = 0.694 vs. k = 0.560). Furthermore, the mean radiation dose was significantly lower for DECT vs. V/Q-SPECT (p = 0.0081).ConclusionIn our patient cohort, DECT is at least equivalent to V/Q-SPECT in diagnosing CTEPH and has the added advantage of significantly lower radiation doses in combination with simultaneous assessment of lung and heart morphology. Hence, DECT should be the subject of ongoing research, and if our results are further confirmed, it should be implemented in future diagnostic PH algorithms at least on par with V/Q-SPECT.
Successful regression of newly formed corneal neovascularization by subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab in patients with chemical burns
Authors: Peng Wen-yan , He Li-wen , Yin Xiao-fang , Zhou Bin-Bing , Zhou Tao , Zhou Shi-you 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo investigate the effect and timing of subconjunctival bevacizumab injection on inhibiting corneal neovascularization (CorNV) in patients after chemical burns.MethodsPatients with CorNV secondary to chemical burns were involved. Two subconjunctival injections of bevacizumab (2.5 mg/0.1 mL per involved quadrant) with an interval of 4 weeks were administered, and followed up a year. The area occupied by neovascular vessels (NA), accumulative neovascular length (NL), mean neovascular diameter (ND), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were evaluated. Complication was also recorded.ResultsEleven patients with CorNV were involved. Eight patients had a history of surgery (four had amniotic grafts, one had keratoplasty, and three had amniotic grafts and keratoplasty). Decreasing in NA, NL, and ND were statistically significant at each time point compared to the baseline (p &lt; 0.01). CorNV that developed within 1 month was considerably regressed, and vessels with fibrovascular membranes were found to be narrower and shorter than pretreatment. BCVA improved in five patients (from one to five lines), remained unchanged in five patients, and decreased in one patient compared to pretreatment.ConclusionSubconjunctival bevacizumab injection has a particular potential for the regression of CorNV, especially newly formed within 1 month in patients after chemical burns.
Acupuncture and related therapies for tension-type headache: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Jinglin , Wang Xichen , Jia Siqi , Kong Lingzu , Wang Yining , Xin Xiaoqi , Hu Yinghua , Chen Xinhua 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundTension-type headache (TTH) is one of the most common primary headaches. Several studies have confirmed the efficacy of acupuncture therapies for TTH, but it is uncertain which treatment is most effective.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of different acupuncture therapies for TTH using Bayesian Network Meta-analysis to provide new ideas for treating TTH.MethodsNine databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about different acupuncture therapies for TTH up to December 1, 2022. The outcome indicators analyzed in our study were total effective rate, visual analog scale (VAS), headache frequency, and safety. Pairwise meta-analysis and risk of bias assessment were performed using Review Manager 5.4. Stata 15.0 generated a network evidence plot and detected publication bias. Finally, a Bayesian network meta-analysis of the data was used by RStudio.ResultsThe screening process resulted in 30 RCTs that met the inclusion criteria, including 2,722 patients. Most studies failed to report details of trials and were therefore assessed as unclear risks. Two studies were considered high risk because they did not report on all pre-specified outcome indicators or had incomplete data on outcome indicators. The NMA results showed that for total effective rate, bloodletting therapy had the most considerable SUCRA value (0.93156136), for VAS, head acupuncture combined with Western medicine ranked first (SUCRA = 0.89523571), and acupuncture combined with herbal medicine was the most effective in improving headache frequency (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionAcupuncture can be used as one of the complementary or alternative therapies for TTH; bloodletting therapy better improves the overall symptoms of TTH, head acupuncture combined with Western medicine is more effective in reducing VAS scores, and acupuncture combined with herbal medicine seems to reduce headache frequency, but the difference is not statistically significant. Overall, acupuncture for TTH is effective with mild side effects, but future high-quality studies are still necessary.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, PROSPERO [CRD42022368749].
Impact of dietary intervention on eating behavior after ischemic stroke
Authors: Besseau Samuel , Sartori Eric , Larnier Pauline , Paillard François , Laviolle Bruno , Mahé Guillaume 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveIschemic stroke is a major health issue. Currently, the relationship between dietary patterns and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases including stroke is established, but the effect of systematic dietary intervention on dietary changes in ischemic stroke patients is unknown. Our objective was to compare changes in the dietary pattern of ischemic stroke patients who received a systematic diet intervention with changes in the dietary pattern of ischemic stroke patients who did not receive a systematic dietary intervention during their hospitalization.MethodsIn this before-and-after study, two groups of patients with ischemic stroke were compared: Group 1 included 34 patients admitted with an ischemic stroke without a systematic dietray intervention; Group 2 included 34 patients admitted with an ischemic stroke with a systematic dietary intervention. Dietary patterns were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire of 19 questions (from a previously validated questionnaire of 14 questions), at the onset of stroke and at 6 months after stroke. This questionnaire allows the calculation of different scores as follows: global food score, saturated fatty acids score (SFA), unsaturated fatty acids score (UFA), fruit and vegetable score, and alcohol score.ResultsScore changes were more important in group 2 than in group 1 for the global food score (7.4 ± 7 vs. 1.9 ± 6.7, p = 0.0013), the fruit and vegetable score (2 ± 2.6 vs. 0.6 ± 2.2, p = 0.0047), and the UFA score (1.8 ± 2.7 vs. 0.1 ± 3.3, p = 0.0238), whereas no significant differences were observed for the SFA score (−3.9 ± 4.9 vs. −1.6 ± 6, p = 0.1779) and the alcohol score (−0.4 ± 1.5 vs. −0.3 ± 1.1, p = 0.6960).ConclusionThis study showed that systematic dietary intervention during hospitalization improves the dietary patterns of ischemic stroke patients. The impact on the recurrence of ischemic stroke or cardiovascular events after dietary pattern changes needs to be studied.