bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CLIL Implementation in Greece
Authors: Varis Sotiria 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Despite the increasing interest in CLIL in Greece over the past decade, Greek CLIL research is largely absent from
international review studies. This systematic review focuses on primary and secondary education, and examines peer-reviewed
empirical research on CLIL implementation in Greece from 2006 to 2020. A total of 33 items are reviewed using qualitative Content
Analysis. Organized according to commonalities shared by their foci, the reviewed items highlight three main research areas of
CLIL implementation in Greece: (1) CLIL project evaluation, (2) CLIL students’ development, and (3) CLIL teachers. The reviewed
studies suggest that CLIL implementation in Greece tends to be quantitatively examined, context specific, and very small in scale.
The reviewed studies are largely outcome oriented and concerned with issues of efficacy. Contrary to project evaluation and
learning outcomes, CLIL teachers in Greece have received significantly less attention from empirical research.
First principles insight of silicene-ZnS-silicene trilayer heterostructure
Authors: Chhana Lalmuan , Kima Lalrin , Tiwari Ramesh Chandra , Mawia Zodin , Rai Dibya Prakash , Singh Ningthoujam Surajkumar , Devi Yengkhom Rangeela , Vanchhawng Lalmuanpuia , Gurung Shivraj , Zuala Lalhriat 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using Density Functional Theory (DFT), 2D hexagonal silicene-ZnS-silicene trilayer heterostructure was studied with van der Waals correction as implemented in Grimme’s method. Small lattice mismatch of about 0.77% only between silicene and ZnS monolayer suggest ease in formation of sandwiched heterostructure. The negative value of total energy at 298 K from MD simulation confirms its ground state stability. Unlike monolayer silicene, our trilayer heterostructure exhibits a direct band gap of 0.63 eV in its equilibrium state. Calculated elastic moduli predict that Si-ZnS-Si has an enhanced ability to resist tensile and shear deformation than the pristine silicene and ZnS monolayer. Due to strong van der Waal’s interaction between the layers, Si-ZnS-Si has much lower thermal coefficient of linear expansion and therefore is more stable against any thermally induced deformation. When a transverse external electric field is applied, we observe direct-to-indirect band gap transition. On increasing the electric field further, the heterostructure remains indirect band gap semiconductor until it abruptly transforms to metallic nature at 1.0 V Å−1. Theoretical prediction of heterostructure property presented in this work may provide valuable data for developing future nanoelectronic devices.
High-performance deep-learning based polarization computational ghost imaging with random patterns and orthonormalization
Authors: Xu Chenxiang , Li Dekui , Fan Xueqiang , Lin Bing , Guo Kai , Yin Zhiping , Guo Zhongyi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Polarization computational ghost imaging (PCGI) often requires a large number of samples to reconstruct the targets, which can be optimized by reducing sampling rates with the aids of deep-learning technology. In this paper, the random patterns and successive orthonormalization instead of common Hadamard patterns, has been introduced into the deep-learning based PCGI system to recover high-quality images at lower sampling rates. Firstly, we use a polarized light to illuminate the target with random patterns for sampling. Then we can obtain a vector of bucket detector values containing the reflective information of the target. Secondly, we orthonormalize the vector according to the random patterns. Subsequently, the orthonormalized data can be input into the Improved U-net (IU-net) for reconstructing the targets. We demonstrate that higher-quality image of the testing sample can be obtained at a lower sampling rate of 1.5%, and superior-generalization ability for the untrained complex targets can be also achieved at a lower sampling rate of 6%. Meanwhile, we have also investigated the generalization ability of the system for the untrained targets with different materials that have different depolarization properties, and the system still demonstrates superior performances. The proposed method may pave a way towards the real applications of the PCGI.
p-channel NiO thin film transistors grown with high k ZrO2 gate oxide for low voltage operation
Authors: Salunkhe Parashurama , Kekuda Dhananjaya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A low voltage operative and optically transparent p- type Nickel oxide thin film transistor (TFT) was realized. We have systematically investigated the structural and transport properties of both NiO and ZrO2 thin films grown by dc magnetron sputtering. It is shown that a 30 nm thickness of ZrO2 thin film act as gate oxide dielectric for the TFTs. The Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) study revealed a high dielectric constant (k) of 28 and the leakage current density significantly persisted at ∼1 nA cm−2 at an applied field of 7 MV cm−1. Further, active layer of p-NiO film was deposited on ZrO2 gate oxide dielectric film and were processed at different post annealing temperatures. The TFTs electrical characteristics with the staggered bottom gate configuration of ITO/ZrO2/NiO/Ag exhibits a stable 104 of Ion/Ioff ratio with a field effect mobility of 15.8 cm2V−1s−1 and recorded sub-threshold swing slope of 512 mV/dec. Moreover, the trap density of 1.82 × 1012 cm−3 was estimated from the Levinson’s plot. Overall, the post annealing temperature seems to improve the transport characteristics of the fabricated TFTs.
Multifunctional phononic meta-material actuated by the phase transition in water
Authors: Jin Yuqi , Yang Teng , Dahotre Narendra B , Neogi Arup 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The functionality of thermally active phononic crystals (PnC) and metamaterials can be greatly enhanced by utilizing the temperature-dependent physical characteristics of heat-sensitive materials within the periodic structure. The phase transformation between water and ice occurs within a narrow range of temperatures that can lead to significant changes in its acoustic transmission due to the modification of the elastic properties of periodic phononic structures in an aqueous medium. A phononic crystal with acrylic scatterers in water is designed to function as an acoustic filter, beam splitter, or lensing based on the device’s temperature due to changes in the phase of the ambient medium. The transition from room temperature to freezing point reduces the contrast in acoustic properties between the ice-lattice and the scatterer materials (acrylic) and switches off the metamaterial of the water-based PnC. The numerically simulated equi-frequency contours and wave propagation characteristics demonstrate the switchable meta-material to the periodic phononic structure’s normal behavior due to the phase transition of water. Effects such as Van Hove’s singularity and filamentation-like effects in an acoustic meta-material system can be thermally tuned.
First principles study on phosphorus or boron doping in si nanocrystals with various sizes embedded in SiO2 matrix
Authors: Han Junnan , Li Dongke , Sun Teng , Chen Jiaming , Wang Yuhao , Pi Xiaodong , Li Wei , Xu Ling , Xu Jun , Chen Kunji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Doping in Si nanocrystals (Si NCs) is an interesting topic since the doping behaviors in the nanoscale are quite complicated compared with the case in bulk Si. In our present work, we use the first-principles calculation to study Phosphorus (P) or Boron (B) doping in Si NCs with the size of 2–8 nm embedded in SiO2 matrix by taking into account the existence of dangling bonds on the interfacial region. It is found that both P and B impurities tend to stay at the interfacial region to passivate the dangling bonds when the dot size is as small as 2 nm. However, P impurities exhibit the possibility to occupy the inner sites of Si NCs while B impurities are more difficult to be introduced into Si NCs due to the large formation energy. Our detailed study suggests that P or B impurities preferentially stay at the intermediate sites between Si and oxygen to form stable bonding configurations. With increasing the dot size from 2 nm to 8 nm, both P and B impurities can enter into the Si NCs more easily due to the relaxation of stress in the larger-sized Si NCs. Our theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental observations.
Spectral pulsations of evolving soliton molecules in an anomalous dispersion fiber laser
Authors: Lu Mengxiang , Wang Xude , Li Kaixin , Geng Xu , Fan Yuhan , Fu Mingzhu , Li Suwen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We investigate in detail the spectral pulsation of evolving soliton molecules in an anomalous dispersion fiber laser by utilizing the dispersive Fourier transform technique. The spectral pulsations of an evolving soliton molecule with different properties were achieved in our experiments, such as single-period and double-period pulsation. This type pulsation is characterized by the fact that the soliton molecules periodically experience oscillation in spectral profile and peak power due to the periodic vibration evolution of the internal pulses. However, the continuous weak energy exchange between the two solitons inside the soliton molecules results in an almost invariable pulse energy. In addition, analytical fitting models are given to further reveal the spectral pulsation phenomenon of the evolving soliton molecules. These experimental findings can shed some light on the dynamics of soliton molecules in fiber lasers.
The Edge Sensor of Segmented Mirror Based on Fringes of Equal Thickness
Authors: Zhang Xi , Zuo Heng , Zhang Yong , Li Ye-Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Co-phase and co-focus detection is one of the key technologies for large-aperture segmented mirror telescopes. In this paper, a new edge sensor based on fringes of equal thickness is developed, which can detect each segment’s relative piston, tilt, and tip errors from the interferograms. Based on the co-focus demand for many ground-based seeing limited segmented mirror telescopes, an edge sensor prototype based on such a principle is built and applied in the indoor segmented mirror experiment system in the lab. According to the co-focus requirement of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, many simulations and experiments are carried out for co-focus error detection of the segmented mirror system. Experiment results show that the co-focus accuracy is better than 0.″02 rms, which can meet the co-focus requirements of most large or extremely large segmented mirror astronomical telescopes.
Absolute frequency measurements with a robust, transportable 40Ca+ optical clock
Authors: Zhang Huaqing , Huang Yao , Zhang Baolin , Hao Yanmei , Zeng Mengyan , Chen Qunfeng , Wang Yuzhuo , Cao Shiying , Lin Yige , Fang Zhanjun , Guan Hua , Gao Kelin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We constructed a transportable 40Ca+ optical clock (with an estimated minimum systematic shift uncertainty of

1.3
×

10

−
17

and a stability of

5
×

10

−
15

/

τ

) that can operate outside the laboratory. We transported it from the Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan to the National Institute of Metrology, Beijing. The absolute frequency of the 729 nm clock transition was measured for up to 35 d by tracing its frequency to the second of International System of Units. Some improvements were implemented in the measurement process, such as the increased effective up-time of 91.3% of the 40Ca+ optical clock over a 35-day-period, the reduced statistical uncertainty of the comparison between the optical clock and hydrogen maser, and the use of longer measurement times to reduce the uncertainty of the frequency traceability link. The absolute frequency measurement of the 40Ca+ optical clock yielded a value of 411 042 129 776 400.26 (13) Hz with an uncertainty of

3.2
×

10

−
16

, which is reduced by a factor of 1.7 compared with our previous results. As a result of the increase in the operating rate of the optical clock, the accuracy of 35 d of absolute frequency measurement can be comparable to the best results of different institutions in the world based on different optical frequency measurements.
Preface
Authors: Tang Wenzhe 
Published: April 2023

EEEP (International Conference on Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection) is an annually held conference for all researchers home and abroad since 2016, aiming to provide a good platform for scholars and researchers in the field of energy and environmental protection to discuss the latest developments and achievements, work out good solutions, and make contributions.
The Seventh International Conference on Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection (EEEP2022) was planned to be held in Zhuhai, China on November 19-21, 2022. For public health consideration during epidemic, the event had to be changed from onsite to online during November 19-20, 2022 for academic exchanges & discussions.
There were over 50 participants from 5 different countries and regions, including China, Australia, Italy, Korea and Indonesia, attending EEEP2022. Conference program was divided into 3 sessions: keynote speeches, oral presentations and poster presentations. We greatly appreciate Prof. Wenzhe Tang from Tsinghua University, who presided over the conference, and all participants for attending and sharing!
We are honored to invite 5 experts to give the impressive keynote speeches: A/Professor Farhad Shahnia from Murdoch University, Australia; Prof. Fushuan Wen from Zhejiang University, China; Prof. Wenzhe Tang from Tsinghua University, China; Asso. Prof. Gangtao Liang from Dalian University of Technology, China and Prof. Benedetto Nastasi from Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Following the keynote speakers, 6 scholars made oral presentations respectively in the afternoon. And 9 poster presentations came after it. Reporters shared their latest research findings and audiences were actively involved in discussions.
We would like to express our gratitude to the reviewers of these manuscripts, who provided their time and expertise to review papers and facilitate the smooth running of EEEP. We are extremely grateful for organizers, technical program committee and editors and extend our most sincere thanks to all the authors for their excellent contribution and work and participants for their active attending. Our sincere thanks also go to the IOP Publishing editors and managers for their helpful cooperation during the preparation of the proceedings.
On behalf of the Organizing Committee of EEEP 2022.
List of Technical Program Committee is available in this pdf.
Analysis of China’s power system transformation
Authors: Liu Yun , Duan Caili 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
China is the largest CO2 emitter, and thermal power units are the main source of CO2 emissions. The low-carbon transformation of thermal power units is the key to carbon emission reduction. China is rich in wind and solar energy resources; wind power and photovoltaic power generation technologies are mature and have good economic prospects. Significantly increasing the proportion of installed wind power and photovoltaic power is the main idea of the power system low-carbon transformation. Biomass fuel blending is the only solution for thermal power units to reduce carbon emissions. Drawing on the large proportion of biomass blending technology in large foreign coal power units, the low-carbon transformation of thermal power units will be completed, and eventually, together with wind power and photovoltaic power generation, China’s renewable energy-based low-carbon power system will be formed. The process of low-carbon transformation of the power system reduces the use of fossil energy, reduces external energy dependence, and improves national energy security. The low-carbon transformation of the power system should be steadily promoted to prevent large adverse impacts on society and the economy.
The reliability analysis of pressurized water reactor safety injection system based on GO-FLOW
Authors: Zhang Dongliang , Wang Ji , You Wenhao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The safety injection system (RIS)is a large and complex fluid system in a nuclear power plant. Its central role is to ensure the safety of the core in the event of a breach event in the first circuit of the nuclear power plant. In order to investigate the timing of the safe injection system at the time of a Small-Break Loss-Of-Coolant Accident (SBLOCA), this paper uses the GO-FLOW method to model seven time points in the three operational phases of the safe injection system. The calculation is completed in conjunction with the failure rate of each component to give the reliability of the RIS at each point in time at SBLOCA. The final analysis yielded low reliability at the beginning of the direct cold section injection phase, which is of great reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and the safe operation of nuclear power.
Current situation and trend analysis of rural electrification in China
Authors: Tang Wei , Feng Gang , Tan Qingkun , Xu Zhao , Feng Kaihui , Lu Xingguo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Energy is the foundation of economic and social development. With the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas have achieved integrated development, and the living environment has been increasingly improved, promoting the clean and electrified development of rural energy consumption. The development of rural electrification involves many aspects and is related to the future of rural. Based on agricultural production and rural life, this paper analyzes the current situation of rural electrification from energy consumption, electrification growth rate, electricity load characteristics and regional variations. Through building a forecasting model of rural production and living energy demand, this paper forecasts the level of rural energy consumption, analyze the development trend of rural electrification, and put forward relevant conclusions and suggestions.
Thermal economy analysis of flue gas waste heat utilization system of 1000MW secondary reheat unit
Authors: Li Shuai , Lu Xizhen , Zhang Mingzhao , Yao Xuejun , Li Guipeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Deep utilization of flue gas waste heat is an important means to ameliorate the power generation productivity of coal-fired units. Aiming at the waste heat cascade utilization system which is composed of “air preheater bypass + two-stage low-temperature coal economizer + thermal primary air temperature regulating device” proposed in a certain project, using the energy balance method and the equivalent enthalpy drop method, the mathematical model of the impact of waste heat utilization devices at all levels on the unit economy is established from the boiler efficiency and steam engine heat rate. Combined with the rated operation data of the unit, the thermal economy of the system is analyzed. The results show that the bypass of the air preheater and the temperature regulating device of the hot primary air can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the waste heat of the flue gas at the tail of the boiler, the coal consumption of power supply can be reduced by 3.47 g/kWh under rated working conditions.
Research on digital energy carbon management platform and services for energy-using companies under the “3060” target
Authors: Shen Wentao , Zhang Yupeng , Zhang Xuan , Xia Dan , Zhao Junyong , Xiong Zhiyong , Liang Li 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on serving governments, enterprises and individuals related to digital energy carbon management. The National Grid provides digital carbon management services to electricity-using enterprises, solving the problems of high cost, difficulty and long lead time in managing carbon assets of electricity-using enterprises. We have innovated daily real-time carbon emission management services, carbon emission reduction services, carbon decision-making services, value-added carbon asset services and carbon trading services. Xinjiang Autonomous Region is a water-scarce and arid region which water resources are particularly important, so we choose the wastewater treatment industry in Xinjiang as a case study. The daily electricity consumption of Xinjiang Wastewater Treatment Plant A is 4063.75 kWh and the daily electricity consumption carbon emissions are 2.36 tonnes CO2eq, which is estimated to be about 2.78 tonnes CO2eq per day. the daily carbon emissions of the daily electricity consumption Wi of Xinjiang Wastewater Treatment Plant B is 3469.22 kWh and the daily electricity consumption carbon emission is 2.02 tonnes CO2eq, which is estimated to be 2.38 tonnes CO2eq. The carbon account value-added service provides carbon market users with transaction-assisted decision-making services, realizes accurate and efficient services, and helps society achieve the “3060” strategic goal of low-carbon green transformation.
Peculiarities of thermal calculation of cross-flow plate air recuperators
Authors: Vdovichev A.A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Application of modern energy-saving technologies is the most important task in development of construction industry. In the conditions of exhausting decrease of energy consumption of public, administrative buildings due to reduction of transmission heat losses the implementation of mechanical ventilation with recuperation of exhaust air heat becomes a rational way to increase energy efficiency. One of the key problems in the study of plate-type air recuperators is to find the temperature efficiency of the device. The value of this characteristic is influenced by such parameters as the area of the branched heat exchange surface, initial temperatures of heat carriers, volume flow rates, flow rate ratio, type of fins, etc. The purpose of the study is to compare coefficients of thermal efficiency of outside air as a function of Reynolds number obtained by engineering calculation, mathematical modelling and manufacturer’s data for the recuperator ISIS Recover HR-A-05-V-G4-E-1-60. The article substantiates the calculation method using the existing algebraic dependence describing heat transfer in the cross-flow scheme of coolant motion on the basis of new results. An empirical dependence is obtained, which adequately describes the results of numerical simulation using the ANSYS Fluent solver and engineering calculation.
Energy education policy analysis of China: A perspective of multiple streams theory
Authors: He Qiuyue 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Since the 1970s, energy education (EE) has become one of the effective ways to solve the energy crisis in developed countries. China’s increasingly severe energy issue requires China to strengthen energy conservation while establishing a conservation-oriented society and to draw on international experience in solving energy questions by vigorously developing EE. The development of EE in China commences late. Although some achievements have been made, there is a lack of legislative protection and platform support in further promoting EE. This paper analyzes China’s EE policy using the multiple streams theory, examines the reality of problematic policy and political streams of China’s EE policy, discusses the issue of addressing the three main streams in China’s EE development, summarizes the necessary conditions fbr opening the EE policy window, and puts forward suggestions fbr erecting China’s EE system.