bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilising uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for pericardial window: A 12-year single-centre experience in the diagnosis and treatment of pericardial effusion
Authors: Agar Mehmet , Gulcek Ilham , Kalkan Muhammed , Ulutas Hakki , Celik Muhammet Reha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (Uni-VATS) is an effective minimally invasive technique for pericardial drainage, biopsy and window creation in cases of pericardial effusion (PE).

Patients and Methods:
This retrospective study evaluated 73 patients with PE who underwent pericardial window procedures between 2012 and 2024. Intraoperative and post-operative data related to Uni-VATS were assessed.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 53.79 ± 17.79 years (10–82 years), with 34 (46.6%) females and 39 (53.4%) males. The mean volume of pericardial fluid drained after window creation was 446.23 ± 199.81 cc (75–1100 cc). The mean operation time was 42.87 ± 12.79 min, and chest drain removal occurred after an average of 1.8 ± 1.2 days. The mean duration until discharge or referral to the follow-up clinic was 5.98 ± 2.14 days. In addition to the pericardial window procedure, pleural biopsy was performed in 12 patients, mediastinal mass biopsy in eight patients and wedge resection for parenchymal nodules in six patients. Microbiologic and virologic cultures of the fluids were negative in all cases. Among the 41 patients with benign cytology, pericardial biopsy results indicated tuberculosis in four patients (5.4%), amyloidosis in one patient (1.3%) and chronic or subacute nonspecific pericarditis in the remaining patients.

Conclusion:
Uni-VATS is a novel and safe technique that may be the preferred choice for pericardial window due to its diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy, ability to perform simultaneous procedures, favourable impact on operation duration/hospital stay, low complication rates and superiority compared to traditional methods.
Effect of electric tooth brushing on retention of long-term provisional composite crowns
Authors: Azooz Mariem M. , Elshahawy Waleed M. , Mahmoud Abeer A.Y. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aim
This in-vitro study was conducted to evaluate the influence of electric tooth brushing on the retention of long-term provisional crowns cemented with three cement types.

Setting and design
In vitro-comparative study.

Materials and methods
Ninety extracted upper premolars were prepared and provisional crowns were fabricated and cemented with three different cements; group 1: resin-modified zinc oxide-eugenol (i-ZOEn), group 2: zinc oxide noneugenol (Temp Bond NE), and group 3: calcium hydroxide (Dycal). All the specimens were subjected to a chewing simulator with thermocycling (5–55°C) according to the time of exposure to electric tooth brushing (6 and 12 months). A universal testing machine was used for retention test, all specimens were subjected to (pull-out test).

Statistical analysis used
Two-way analysis of variance (P < 0.001) was considered significant difference in all tests.

Results
Maximum force (N) at baseline, 6, and 12 months groups for tensile dislodgement of zinc oxide-eugenol cemented crowns was 69.81 ± 4.32, 44.74 ± 4.39, and 41.88 ± 1.03 N, for zinc oxide noneugenol cemented crowns was 57.83 ± 7.44, 34.87 ± 1.07, and 20.22 ± 1.82 N and for calcium hydroxide cemented crowns was 74.61 ± 0.96, 45.05 ± 2.15, and 31.32 ± 8.29 N, respectively, with P value less than 0.001.

Conclusion
Electric toothbrush effect on long-term provisional crowns was significant for the crowns cemented with three different types. Calcium hydroxide was the most retentive cement at baseline group and 6 month periods with no clinical significance with resin-modified zinc oxide-eugenol. Resin-modified ZOE was the most retentive cement at 12-month periods with a clinically significant difference with calcium hydroxide. Zinc oxide noneugenol was the least retentive cement throughout all the times.
Horizontal bone augmentation with simultaneous implant placement using ridge splitting with sticky bone
Authors: Bolot Mohammad Y.A. , Ghoraba Sahar M. , Badr Ahmed M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
A variety of bone grafting techniques had been used to augment horizontally deficient alveolar bone ridges to provide a sufficient bone volume to achieve a correct prosthetic three-dimensional placement of dental implants.

Objectives
To evaluate clinically and radiographically by cone beam computed tomography the amount of horizontal bone gain by ridge splitting with sticky bone technique for horizontal ridge deficiency with simultaneous implant placement; using piezo-assisted ridge splitting technique with sticky bone graft in patients who had bilateral posterior edentulous sites in the maxillary ridge.

Patients and methods
Seven patients with seven sites for ridge splitting modality. Each patient had posterior maxillary edentulous areas with horizontal ridge deficiency ranging from 3 to 5 mm. Piezo-assisted ridge splitting technique with simultaneous implant placement was used for augmentation. Patients were evaluated for clinical parameters, including ridge width using a bone caliper, radiographic assessment of marginal bone width and alveolar bone density using cone beam computed tomography, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and pocket depth. Results were obtained at surgery time, 6 months postsurgery, and 18 months postsurgery.

Results
The was a statistically significant increase in bone width in the studied group. Also, bone density was slightly increased at implant and grafting sites at 6- and 18-months follow-ups. Furthermore, the group showed a statistically significant increase in bone width measured by bone caliper at baseline and at 6 months postsurgically. No significant changes were observed in plaque index, bleeding on probing, or clinical attachment level.

Conclusion
Ridge splitting with sticky bone surgical technique provides promising clinical and radiographic outcomes.
Retention and wear evaluation of two different clip materials on milled polyetheretherketone bar for implant retained mandibular overdenture
Authors: El-Ashry Asmaa M.I. , El-Shorbagy Zeinab A. , Abdelaal Zainab M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the retention and wear of two different clip materials [plastic and milled polyetheretherketone (PEEK)] on milled PEEK bar for implant retained mandibular overdenture.

Materials and methods
Fourteen ready-made mandibular edentulous epoxy resin models were used. Two-implant analogs were installed in the canine area. Two non-hex titanium base (Ti-base) abutment were connected to the implant analogs. The epoxy cast with Ti-base abutment was scanned by a laboratory scanner. Designing of the bar on the software was done and converted to STL file, which was transferred to the milling machine for manufacturing of the bar. The milled PEEK bar (BioHPP) was cemented to the abutment by resin cement-adhesive material. Group I was ready-made plastic clip and group II was milled PEEK (BioHPP) clip. Dentures were constructed by the conventional method and direct pickup of the clips were done. The final constructed mandibular overdentures were subjected to 150 000 cycle of bi-axial chewing simulating cycles and 1440 insertion-removal cycles which equal four times insertion and removal per day which equal 1 year follow up. The retention of the samples was measured using universal testing machine at the baseline and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Wear features of the clips were also measured by topographic variation using USB digital microscope with built in camera at the same periods.

Result
As regard to retention test, at the baseline and after 3 months of chewing simulator. There was no significant difference between the two groups but after 6, 9, and 12 months of chewing cycles simulation there was a significant difference between two groups in favor of the milled PEEK clip. Regarding the topographic variation which indicate wear there was no significant difference between the two groups except at the baseline with high topographic variation in the PEEK clip.

Conclusion
Milled PEEK clip showed superior retentive properties after application of chewing simulator than the plastic clip. The plastic clip undergoing a greater loss of retention than PEEK clip. So there was statistically significant differences in retention between both clips. The PEEK clip showed a high surface roughness at the baseline than the plastic clip and then there was a nonsignificant difference between them at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.
Morphological Assessments and Sexual Dimorphism of the Visual Pathway Structures of <i>Cricetomys gambianus</i> (African Giant Rats Waterhouse-1840)
Authors: Amuzor S.O. , Agbon A.N. , Musa S.A. , Umana U.E. , Ayo J.O. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cricetomys gambianus (African Giant Rat (AGR) a nocturnal rodent has recently been a choice model for several areas of neuroscience research. This study assessed sexual differences in the morphometric parameters of visual pathway structures of the AGR.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten healthy adult AGRs (n=5; Male (M) and Female (F)) were captured from the wild and used for this study. The ARGs were sedated and body weight obtained before perfusion and decapitation. The weight and dimensions of the brain, eyeballs, optic nerve, optic chiasma and optic tract were obtained using digital weighing balance and Vernier caliper, respectively. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPPS) version 23. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM.
RESULTS: Average body weight of AGRs was 787±208.6 g for males and 926±133.0 g for females; Brain weight was 6.7±0.6 g for males and 6.9±0.6 g females; while eyeball weight was 0.23±0.02 g for males and 0.22±0.02 g for females. Significant (p<0.05) sexual differences were observed in the dimensions of eyeball antero-posterior diameter (M=7.19±0.24 mm; F= 6.56±0.17 mm); Eyeball right-left diameter (M=6.12±0.11 mm; F= 5.27±0.19 mm); Optic nerve length (M=2.18±0.18 mm; F=1.42±0.13 mm); Optic tract length (M=1.21±0.16 mm; F=1.02±0.08 mm); Optic chiasma antero-posterior length (M=1.02±0.24 mm; F=0.66±0.05 mm) and Optic chiasma right-left length (M=0.80±0.07 mm; F=0.73±0.05 mm).
CONCLUSION: There exists sexual dimorphism in the morphometric parameters of visual pathway structures in the AGR. These differences are suggestive of evolutionary advantage in males compared to females as they go out in search for food and easy escape from predators within their natural habitat.
<i>Cucurbita maxima</i> Seed Oil Pre-treatment Ameliorates Ovarian Oxidative Stress-mediated dysfunction Associated with Diclofenac therapy
Authors: Nwafor J.A. , Okposhi F.T. , Anyigor O.O. , Nnama T.N. , Ukah I.C. , Ezeuko V.C. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Frequent use of diclofenac provokes oxidative stress that may compromise reproductive health. Anti-oxidants present in Cucurbita Maxima Seed Oil (CMSO) may offer therapeutic relief.
METHODOLOGY: Twenty-four randomized rats were used. Group A was control. Group B received only 100mg/kg of Diclofenac sodium intraperitoneally (day 22 to 24). Groups C and D were pre-supplemented with 2ml/kg and 4ml/kg of CMSO respectively (day 1-24) before toxic dose of diclofenac at specified days. The rats were sacrificed; blood samples were used for assay of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Catalase (CAT), Progesterone (PROG) and ovaries processed for H and E histology.
RESULTS: Malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was significantly (p< 0.05) increased in Diclofenac alone treated rats (group B) when compared to Control. This elevation in MDA suggests excessive lipid peroxidation. Similarly, Progesterone (PROG) level was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in Group B compared to control. Hyper secretion of Progesterone may inadvertently affect conception via negative feedback pathway by inhibiting endometrial receptivity and decidualization. It was observed that rats given high dose CMSO (Group D) showed significantly decreased MDA with a reduction in Catalase (CAT) level after scavenging reactive metabolites of diclofenac when values were compared to group B at p< 0.05. This is believed to be due antioxidants and poly saturated fatty acid content in CMSO which preserves ovarian cellular membrane from free radical attack by inhibiting spontaneous cell membrane depolarization and minimizing amount of drug reactive metabolite reaching ovarian tissue by nourishing endothelial membrane barrier. Group B rats showed degeneration in corpus luteum (CL), compared to control and high dose CMSO pre-treated rats.
CONCLUSION: CMSO is of therapeutic benefit against diclofenac-induced ovarian dysfunction.
Relationship between somatotype categories and musculoskeletal discomforts among Nigeria school students: A case study of selected secondary schools in Lagos State
Authors: Omotayo H.A. , Opoola F.O. , Omotayo M.T. , Kusemiju T.O. , Duru F.I.O. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dimethyl There are rare study on the impact of somatotype on musculoskeletal discomfort in young and adolescence students. This aim of this study was to investigate the association between musculoskeletal discomforts and somatotype (body form) of students in secondary schools.
METHOD: A cross sectional study of total sample size of 640 students from age 10 to17 was taken across privately operated schools and government operated schools, and were categorised into age group of 10-11, 12-13, 14-15 and 16-17. Anthropometry data of the students was collected using International Society for Anthropometric Analysis of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) model and Musculoskeletal discomfort (pain) level was taking using Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRPS) which ranges from No Pain to Severe Pain. The student’s somatotype category was determined using the Heath Carter method and the frequency for the pain analysed. A Descriptive Statistics and Chi-Square (χ2) Test Analysis was done between the two categorical variables to ascertain association and it significance. Statistical significant set at p< α=0.05.
RESULTS: The results shows variation in frequency of pain outcome for students across age groups and schools, however, in totality the frequency of students that reported no pain is low compared to other categories of pain. There is noticeable difference in the frequency somatotype categories of students in private school and public schools across age groups. The ectomorph in private school is high (117) as compare to public school (97), the mesomorph is 95 and 111 for private school and public school respectively while endomorph is 106 and 114 for both school category. The Pearson Chi-Squared test Analysis shows an association between somatotype categories and pain outcome, and there is statistical significance.
CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the analysis, we therefore conclude that, Somatotype of any category does have association with any form musculoskeletal discomforts being experience by students. Other factors may also be an influence to the discomforts either internal or environmental.
Evaluation of common ultrasound findings in female patients who present with pelvic pain at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH), Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ujaddughe O.M. , Eseine-Aloja C.E. , Aimua H.I. , Eigbedion A.O. , Ujaddughe M.E. , Okodaso H.A. , Eseine C.O. , Ebhojaye K.I. , Izunya A.M. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Pelvic pain is the abdominal pain located below the level of the umbilicus including lower back pain with or without radiation into the thighs. It may be acute, intermittent or chronic. This usually affects women more than men possibly because of genetic, hormonal, sociocultural, reproductive organ differences, and anthropological reasons. In women, pelvic pain can be an indication that there may be a problem with one or more of the organs within the pelvic region such as the urogenital and reproductive organs. This study aimed to evaluate the common causes of pelvic pain in females using the ultrasound findings of patients presenting at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study adopted a retrospective non-experimental design to obtain and analyze data from the Radiology Department, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua over eighteen months. 1599 cases were obtained using a convenience sampling method. The resulting data was analyzed using SPSS software version 28.01.1.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Findings from this study showed that females aged 15-49 accounted for 52.60% of the cases whose ages were specified. The transabdominal scan was the dominant ultrasonographic technique used for pelvic evaluation. Uterine fibroid, pelvic inflammatory disease and ovarian cyst were responsible for the majority of the pelvic pain in the cases where pathology was identified, while ovarian adenocarcinoma, hepatitis, and leiomyosarcoma were least implicated in pelvic pain aetiology.
Histological and biochemical effects of Lutein on the liver of adult Wistar rats following Paraquat-induced toxicity
Authors: Edward T.A. , Ajibade A.J. , Edward S.S. , Umeaku U. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Paraquat is a common herbicide worldwide with potentials for human poisoning through the generation of reactive oxygen species. There is presently dearth of evidence-based cure for paraquat (PQ) poisoning, which is associated with significant hepatic injury and a high mortality globally. Lutein is a carotenoid with free radical-scavenging and antioxidant effects. The study is aimed at investigating the mitigating effect of lutein on paraquat-induced hepatic toxicity in Wistar rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats weighing 150-180 g were randomly grouped (A to E) for this study. Paraquat (PQ) toxicity was induced in groups B to E, at a dose of 5mg/kg through oral route. Lutein was administered at graded doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg to groups C to E through oral route for twenty-one days respectively. Group A (negative control) was given only normal saline, while group B (positive control) had only paraquat. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, blood samples were collected for the biochemical analyses of plasma aspartate and alanine transaminases; thereafter, the animals were sacrificed before the excision of the liver for histological examination.
RESULTS: There was significant increase in the plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) (p=0.01) in group B when compared with the treated groups. The concentrations of catalase and glutathione in group B were significantly lower (p=0.01 and 0.009 respectively) relative to the negative control and lutein-treated groups, especially at higher doses. Malondialdehyde concentration was significantly higher in group B than others (p=0.043). There was marked histological distortion with a reduction in hepatocyte count through the use of image J software in group B, which was given PQ only. However, the lutein-treated groups had dose-dependent improvement in hepatocyte count similar to the control. Group E, which had the highest dose of lutein, had remarkable similarity in histo-architectural and biochemical findings when compared to the negative control.
CONCLUSION: This study showed significant alteration in the hepatic biochemical analyses and histo-architecture following paraquat toxicity. However, the groups treated with high doses of lutein showed remarkable similarity with the control group. Hence, study underscores the potentials of lutein to mitigate paraquat-induced toxicity in Wistar rats.
Neuroprotective effects of lycopene on lipopolysaccharide-induced cerebellar damage in rats: Implication for Alzheimer’s disease therapy
Authors: Adeyeye T.A. , Shallie O.F. , Saula T.R. , Afolabi S.A. , Shallie P.D. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The alarming rise in Alzheimer's disease prevalence, projected to affect 153 million people by 2050, underscores the urgent need for effective treatments. Previous research implicates oxidative stress in the neuronal death mechanisms associated with Alzheimer's. Lycopene, a carotenoid, has demonstrated neuroprotective properties, reduced oxidative damage, and minimized histopathological changes in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to investigate the role of lycopene in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cerebellar toxicity in rats.
METHODS: Fifty adult Wistar rats were divided into five groups: A (control; non-pelletized rat feed, oil, and water), B treated with 150 mg/kg body weight of LPS only intraperitoneally, C treated with (LPS 150 mg/kg intraperitoneally + 15 mg/kg lycopene orally), D (15 mg/kg lycopene orally + 150 mg/kg LPS intraperitoneally), and E (15 mg/kg lycopene orally). The rats underwent neurobehavioral protocols, and post-sacrifice brain sections were processed and stained using H&E, Silver, and Luxol fast blue counter-stained with Nissl stain.
RESULTS: The LPS treatment group exhibited significant body weight loss and motor coordination impairments, indicated by increased orientation and transit times. Lycopene-treated groups showed mitigated weight loss and improved motor coordination. Histopathological analysis revealed mild neuronal damage in the LPS group, while lycopene-treated groups exhibited milder lesions.
CONCLUSION: Lycopene demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects in LPS-induced cerebellar damage in rats, improving motor coordination and reducing neuronal damage. These findings suggest lycopene's potential as a therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Comparative study on the contraceptive effects of butanol and dichloromethane fractions of <i>Carica Papaya</i> male tree bark in male Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Adeoya O.F. , Bakare A.A. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: The use of Carica papaya extract in traditional medicine suggests that it might have contraceptive effects on reproductive indices. Traditional healers in Nigeria have used male tree bark of Carica Papaya as a source of antifertility agent. . However, there are few information in scientific literature concerning the male tree bark extract of Carica papaya and media of preparation.
AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the contraceptive effects of butanol and dichloromethane fractions of male Carica papaya tree bark.
METHODOLOGY: The male tree bark of Carica papaya was dried and blended into powdery form, then dissolved in water. The solution was fractionated by column chromatography with petroleum ether and further fractionated using butanol and dichloromethane to isolate butanol (CPFB) and dichloromethane (CPFD) fractions respectively. A total of fifteen animals were divided into three experimental study groups A, B and C. Groups A and B received moderate doses of 75 mg/kg body weight of CPFB and CPFD for 28 days respectively while group C received distilled water. Animals were euthanized after 4weeks of administration, the testes were removed, and used for sperm count and motility evaluations. Blood sample were collected via left ventricular cardiac puncture and used to assay testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone levels.
RESULTS: The fractions from both media have contraceptive effect, however the semen analysis of CPFB group showed significantly decrease (p<0.01) in reproductive hormones and corresponding decrease in sperm count and motility when compared with the CPFD group. Hence the CPFB group showed more contraceptive potential than the CPFD group when compared with the normal state of the control group.
CONCLUSION: The findings from this present study showed that the butanol fractionation of male sex Carica papaya tree bark demonstrated more contraceptive effects than the dichloro methane fractionate, making Butanol a better choice for fractionation in the contraceptive usage of male sex Carica papaya tree bark.