bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based medication adherence among seniors in the first year after heart failure hospitalisation and subsequent long-term outcomes: a restricted cubic spline analysis of adherence-outcome relationships
Authors: Qin Xiwen , Hung Joseph , Knuiman Matthew W. , Briffa Tom G. , Teng Tiew-Hwa Katherine , Sanfilippo Frank M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Non-adherence to heart failure (HF) medications is associated with poor outcomes. We used restricted cubic splines (RCS) to assess the continuous relationship between adherence to renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) and β-blockers and long-term outcomes in senior HF patients.

Methods
We identified a population-based cohort of 4234 patients, aged 65–84 years, 56% male, who were hospitalised for HF in Western Australia between 2003 and 2008 and survived to 1-year post-discharge (landmark date). Adherence was calculated using the proportion of days covered (PDC) in the first year post-discharge. RCS Cox proportional-hazards models were applied to determine the relationship between adherence and all-cause death and death/HF readmission at 1 and 3 years after the landmark date.

Results
RCS analysis showed a curvilinear adherence-outcome relationship for both RASI and β-blockers which was linear above PDC 60%. For each 10% increase in RASI and β-blocker adherence above this level, the adjusted hazard ratio for 1-year all-cause death fell by an average of 6.6% and 4.8% respectively (trend p < 0.05) and risk of all-cause death/HF readmission fell by 5.4% and 5.8% respectively (trend p < 0.005). Linear reductions in adjusted risk for these outcomes at PDC ≥ 60% were also seen at 3 years after landmark date (all trend p < 0.05).

Conclusion
RCS analysis showed that for RASI and β-blockers, there was no upper adherence level (threshold) above 60% where risk reduction did not continue to occur. Therefore, interventions should maximise adherence to these disease-modifying HF pharmacotherapies to improve long-term outcomes after hospitalised HF.
Construct Validity of a Novel Assessment System for Laparoscopic Suture Accuracy Based on Stereoscopy
Authors: Xu Song , Chen Yiran , Luo Na , Zhong Ang , Yang Kun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn accurate and objective measuring tool is lacking for laparoscopic suture accuracy assessment in simulation training. We designed and developed the suture accuracy testing system (SATS) and aimed to determine its construct validity in this study.MethodsTwenty laparoscopic experts and 20 novices were recruited to perform a suturing task in three sessions using traditional laparoscopic instruments (Tra. session), a handheld multi‐degree‐of‐freedom (MDoF) laparoscopic instrument (MDoF session) and a surgical robot (Rob. session), respectively. The needle entry and exit errors were calculated using the SATS and compared between the two groups.ResultsNo significant difference of the needle entry error was found in all comparisons. As for the needle exit error, the value of the novice group was significantly higher than that of the expert group in Tra. session (3.48 ± 0.61 mm vs. 0.85 ± 0.14 mm; p = 1.451e‐11) and MDoF session (2.65 ± 0.41 mm vs. 1.06 ± 0.17 mm; p = 1.451e‐11) but not in Rob. session (0.51 ± 0.12 mm vs. 0.45 ± 0.08 mm; p = 0.091).ConclusionsThe SATS demonstrates construct validity. Surgeons’ experience in conventional laparoscopic instruments could be transferred to the MDoF instrument. Surgical robot helps to improve suture accuracy and may bridge the experience gap between laparoscopic experts and novices in basic exercises.
Early release of H2O during subduction of carbonated ultramafic lithologies
Authors: Eberhard Lisa , Plümper Oliver , Frost Daniel J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo investigate the effect of carbon-bearing phases on the release of fluids in subducted serpentinites, we performed high-pressure multi-anvil experiments on representative ophicarbonate assemblages over a pressure range from 2.5 GPa to 5 GPa and from 450 °C to 900 °C, across the antigorite-out reaction. Parallel experiments were performed on carbonate-free serpentinites. In all experiments, we monitored and/or controlled the oxygen fugacity. The addition of 20 wt. % CaCO3 to a serpentinite assemblage at 2.5 GPa is found to decrease the onset of the serpentine dehydration by over 100 °C, in comparison to carbonate-free assemblages. Similarly, the final disappearance of serpentine is also affected by the presence of CaCO3. For a bulk CaCO3 content of 20 wt. %, this causes a decrease in maximum stability of antigorite by 50 °C. For a bulk CaCO3 content exceeding 25 wt. %, this difference can be as high as 100 °C in warm and 150 °C in cold subduction zones, causing antigorite to be completely dehydrated at 500 °C. This results from the reaction of CaCO3 with serpentine to form clinopyroxene and Mg-rich carbonates. This reaction, however, causes no discernible decrease in the proportion of carbonate, indicating that the amount of released carbon is insignificant. Whilst CaCO3, therefore, influences serpentine stability, there is no significant effect of hydrous phases on the carbonate stability. On the other hand, a MgCO3-bearing system shows no significant effects on the serpentinite stability field. Further experiments and oxygen fugacity calculations indicate that graphite is not stable in typical magnetite-bearing serpentinites. The reduction of carbonates to graphite would require oxygen fugacities that are 1–2 log units below those of magnetite-bearing serpentinites. This confirms earlier studies and indicates that reduction of carbonates can only occur through the infiltration of external H2-rich fluids.
Light- and drug-induced pupillary dynamics in eyes with a retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lens
Authors: Bellucci Carlo , Perrella Andrea , Rossi Maurizio , Papapicco Annalaura , Spadini Federico , Tedesco Salvatore Antonio , Gandolfi Stefano , Mora Paolo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We evaluated the pupillary characteristics and response to light and drugs in eyes with posterior chamber (PC) placement of iris-claw intraocular lens (IC-IOL).

Methods
In this cross-sectional, comparative study, we included adults with an IC-IOL implanted in the PC of a single eye. We excluded patients with ocular trauma, postoperative IC-IOL displacement or complications, and extended iris atrophy. We used anterior segment optical coherence tomography to perform light-controlled pupillography, measure the pupil diameter (PD), and estimated the pupil circularity under mesopic conditions. PD was also assessed under photopic, scotopic, pharmacological mydriasis, and miosis conditions. The results were compared to those of the fellow eye, phakic, or regular pseudophakic.

Results
The IC-IOL and control groups included 30 eyes each. The most frequent reasons for IC-IOL implantation were complicated cataract (37%) and dislocated/luxated prior IOL (33%). Compared to the control group, the IC-IOL group had lower visual acuity, a smaller PD under scotopic conditions (p = 0.0010) and after pharmacological mydriasis (p < 0.0001), and a larger PD after pharmacological miosis (p < 0.0001). Mesopic pupil circularity was comparable between the groups. We also considered ongoing extraocular treatments with possible effects on iris motility.

Conclusions
The pupillary size and profile were similar between the groups in mesopic light. Reduced mydriasis was noted in response to light and drugs, while the degree of miosis was reduced in response to inducing drugs in the IC-IOL compared to the control group. This study complements previous results concerning the PC placement of IC-IOLs by adding original observations on drug-induced pupil motility.
Robotergestützte 3D-Laser-Doppler-Vibrometrie zur experimentellen Modalanalyse von elektrischen Maschinen
Authors: Franck Marius , Berft Dennis , Hameyer Kay 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Modellierung des strukturdynamischen Verhaltens von elektrischen Maschinen ist herausfordernd. Insbesondere die präzise Modellierung der Dämpfung ist nach dem Stand der Technik nicht möglich. Es werden deshalb häufig experimentelle Modalanalysen zur Dämpfungsschätzung genutzt. In dieser Arbeit werden erstmalig vollflächige 3D-Laser-Doppler-Vibrometer-Messungen an einer elektrischen Maschine durchgeführt. Diese erlauben im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Beschleunigungssensoren eine Modellkorrelation auch im höheren Frequenzbereich. Bei der Modellbildung spielt die Abbildung von Fügestellen eine entscheidende Rolle. Deshalb werden zwei Modellierungsansätze mit den Messergebnissen verglichen. Weiter wird auf Herausforderungen bei der Extraktion von modalen Parametern bei der Vermessung mit Laser-Doppler-Vibrometern eingegangen, und es werden erste Lösungsmöglichkeiten vorgeschlagen.
Mechanical complications and reoperations after adult spinal deformity surgery: a clinical analysis with the GAP score
Authors: Hiltunen Susanna , Repo Jussi P. , Pekkanen Liisa , Kautiainen Hannu , Kyrölä Kati 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery is prone to postoperative complications, leading to high reoperation rates. The global alignment and proportion (GAP) score is a novel method to predict mechanical complications (MC) based on the optimal parameters related to individual pelvic incidence. The aim of this study was to determine the cut-off point and the predictive value of the GAP score for those MCs that require reoperation. A secondary aim was to investigate the cumulative incidence of MCs requiring reoperation during a long follow-up period.

Methods
In total, 144 ASD patients were operated at our institution due to marked symptomatic spinal deformity between 2008 and 2020. The cut-off point and the predictive value of the GAP score for the MCs that required reoperation and the cumulative incidence of reoperated MCs after index surgery were determined.

Results
A total of 142 patients were included in the analysis. The risk for having an MC that required reoperation was significantly lower when the postoperative GAP score was < 5 (HR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.40–9.02). The discriminative power of the GAP score to predict MCs that require reoperation was good with an AUC of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.58–0.81). The cumulative incidence of reoperated MCs was 18%.

Conclusion
The GAP score was associated with the risk for MCs that require reoperation. The best predictive value for surgically treated MC was with the GAP score $$\ge$$
≥
5. The cumulative incidence of the reoperated MCs was 18%.
Tensor- and high-resolution fiber tractography for the delineation of the optic radiation and corticospinal tract in the proximity of intracerebral lesions: a reproducibility and repeatability study
Authors: Lenga Pavlina , Scherer Moritz , Neher Peter , Jesser Jessica , Pflüger Irada , Maier-Hein Klaus , Unterberg Andreas W. , Becker Daniela 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Fiber tracking (FT) is used in neurosurgical planning for the resection of lesions in proximity to fiber pathways, as it contributes to a substantial amelioration of postoperative neurological impairments. Currently, diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI)-based FT is the most frequently used technique; however, sophisticated techniques such as Q-ball (QBI) for high-resolution FT (HRFT) have suggested favorable results. Little is known about the reproducibility of both techniques in the clinical setting. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the intra- and interrater agreement for the depiction of white matter pathways such as the corticospinal tract (CST) and the optic radiation (OR).

Methods
Nineteen patients with eloquent lesions in the proximity of the OR or CST were prospectively enrolled. Two different raters independently reconstructed the fiber bundles by applying probabilistic DTI- and QBI-FT. Interrater agreement was evaluated from the comparison between results obtained by the two raters on the same data set acquired in two independent iterations at different timepoints using the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and the Jaccard Coefficient (JC). Likewise, intrarater agreement was determined for each rater comparing individual results.

Results
DSC values showed substantial intrarater agreement based on DTI-FT (rater 1: mean 0.77 (0.68–0.85); rater 2: mean 0.75 (0.64–0.81); p = 0.673); while an excellent agreement was observed after the deployment of QBI-based FT (rater 1: mean 0.86 (0.78–0.98); rater 2: mean 0.80 (0.72–0.91); p = 0.693). In contrast, fair agreement was observed between both measures for the repeatability of the OR of each rater based on DTI-FT (rater 1: mean 0.36 (0.26–0.77); rater 2: mean 0.40 (0.27–0.79), p = 0.546). A substantial agreement between the measures was noted by applying QBI-FT (rater 1: mean 0.67 (0.44–0.78); rater 2: mean 0.62 (0.32–0.70), 0.665). The interrater agreement was moderate for the reproducibility of the CST and OR for both DSC and JC based on DTI-FT (DSC and JC ≥ 0.40); while a substantial interrater agreement was noted for DSC after applying QBI-based FT for the delineation of both fiber tracts (DSC > 0.6).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that QBI-based FT might be a more robust tool for the visualization of the OR and CST adjacent to intracerebral lesions compared with the common standard DTI-FT. For neurosurgical planning during the daily workflow, QBI appears to be feasible and less operator-dependent.
Linking the macro-scale response of granular materials during drained cyclic loading to the evolution of micro-structure, contact network and energy components
Authors: Sassel Tara S. , Patino-Ramirez Fernando , Hanley Kevin J. , O’Sullivan Catherine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study has considered the behaviour of granular materials subjected to drained cyclic loading under constant mean effective stress. Using the discrete element method, cubical, isotropically compressed samples were subjected to 50 loading cycles at different values of mean stress ($$p' =$$p′= 100, 200, 300 kPa) and different loading amplitudes ($$\zeta =$$ζ=5%, 10% and 20% of$$p'$$p′). At low cycle numbers, the deformation mechanism is controlled by contractive volumetric strains, before transitioning to the ratcheting regime, characterised by the persistent accumulation of plastic strains. An energy/work analysis showed that the volumetric work per cycle decreased as hysteresis loops tighten. During ratcheting, most boundary work was dissipated by contact sliding. The mechanical response was controlled by$$\zeta$$ζ, with little to no influence of$$p'$$p′. For$$\zeta = 5\%$$ζ=5%, deformations were confined to the elastic range, with no increase in secant stiffness$$G_{sec}$$Gsecor shear strength after cyclic loading. For$$\zeta = 10\%$$ζ=10%,$$G_{sec}$$Gsecand the shear strength increased after cyclic loading, although no significant expansion of the yield surfaces was observed. The largest loading amplitude ($$\zeta = 20\%$$ζ=20%) induced yielding at low cycles, leading to significant changes in the fabric, volume and yield surfaces of the samples, and a significant increase of shear strength and$$G_{sec}$$Gsec. At the micro-scale, graph theory was used to quantify the evolution of the contact network. After$$\sim 20$$∼20loading cycles, the network reached a steady-state of constant but persistent topology changes in the material, with most of the topology retained between loading cycles.
Student well-being in times of COVID-19 in the Netherlands: basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration within the academic learning environment
Authors: Kiltz L. , Trippenzee M. , Fleer J. , Fokkens-Bruinsma M. , Jansen E. P. W. A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected student well-being through measures such as closing educational institutions and social distancing, which forced universities to adapt the student learning environment. Previous research has demonstrated that the learning environment influences student well-being by satisfying their basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The present study therefore aimed to investigate, against the background of the pandemic, (1) how the basic psychological needs related to student well-being, (2) how students perceived interaction within the academic system, and (3) how they would like the “new educational normal” to look. To address these aims, we implemented a cross-sectional survey which included both quantitative measures and qualitative open-ended questions and distributed it at a Dutch university (n = 653). To identify the predictive strength of need satisfaction and frustration, we ran multiple regressions. We found that need satisfaction and frustration were significantly related to the well-being measures, of which relatedness was only weakly related to student well-being. Moreover, students reported restricted interactions with their teachers and fellow students, leading to feelings of disconnectedness, as well as struggles to establish or maintain relationships. In contrast with the quantitative findings, students highlighted relatedness as an essential, currently lacking part of their experience. They suggested a potential hybrid learning environment with a focus on social cohesion. This study emphasizes the relevance of interpersonal connections within higher education and provides practical ideas for post-pandemic academic structures. These insights can support systemic investments of universities in student well-being and creating a healthier learning environment for the future.
Transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation – aktuelle Evidenzlage und Anwendungsszenarien
Authors: Kaufmann Elisabeth 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In Europa sind derzeit nur die Thalamusstimulation, die Vagusnervstimulation und die fokale Kortexstimulation als Neurostimulationsverfahren für die Behandlung von Patienten mit pharmakoresistenter Epilepsie zugelassen. Diese sind jedoch invasiv, begrenzt verfügbar und in ihrer Wirksamkeit limitiert. Erste Daten zur Anwendung der transkraniellen Gleichstromstimulation (tDCS) bei Epilepsie sind vielversprechend und geben Hoffnung auf eine nicht-invasive Stimulationsalternative.

Fragestellung
Wie sieht die aktuelle Evidenzlage zur tDCS bei Epilepsie aus und was wären potenzielle Anwendungsszenarien?

Material und Methoden
Auf Basis einer PubMed-basierten Literaturrecherche werden Daten zur Sicherheit und Effektivität der tDCS bei Epilepsie zusammengetragen.

Ergebnisse
Die kathodale tDCS ist nur mit milden und passageren Nebenwirkungen wie sensiblen Missempfindungen, Müdigkeit oder Konzentrationsschwierigkeiten verbunden. Hinweise für eine Anfallstriggerung unter kathodaler tDCS gibt es nicht. Eine einmalige Stimulation für 20 min kann bereits zu einer Anfallsfrequenzreduktion von > 40 % in den ersten vier Wochen führen, mit Effektverstärkung durch serielle Stimulation und Verwendung eines Interstimulationsintervalls von 9–20 min. Die tDCS würde nicht nur das Behandlungsspektrum erweitern, sie könnte auch zu einer Reduktion der Medikations- bzw. Nebenwirkungslast beitragen und ggf. das Ansprechen auf implantierbare Systeme vorhersagen.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Literaturdaten belegen die sichere und effektive Anwendung der kathodalen tDCS bei Patienten mit pharmakoresistenter Epilepsie. Weitere Studien sind notwendig, um die Stimulationsparameter zu optimieren, die Effektivität weiter zu steigern und die Sicherheit und Effektivität in Langzeitanwendungen zu überprüfen.
Online detection of orientation of cellulose nanocrystals in a capillary flow with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography
Authors: Jäsberg Ari , Puisto Antti , Leppänen Ilona , Koponen Antti I. , Alava Mikko J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSignificant importance in the stiffness of materials, such as filaments and films, made of elongated components, has been attributed to orientation. Thus, the control of orientation during the manufacturing of materials has been the target of process optimization for long time. Measuring orientation during the process allows to better grasp the means to control it. In fact, such online tools would enable on-fly process control and optimization improving the flexibility with regards to the raw materials used, and the application requirements. In this article, we will discuss a method based on polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography utilized as a light-weight online measurement tool of particle (here cellulose nanocrystals) orientation for the purposes of manufacturing next generation products by providing the appropriate interpretation of the retardation images with the help of modelling.
12-month outcomes of ab interno excisional goniotomy combined with cataract surgery in primary open-angle glaucoma and normal tension glaucoma
Authors: Kuerten David , Walter Peter , Baumgarten Sabine , Fuest Matthias , Plange Niklas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of excisional goniotomy performed with the Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) combined with cataract surgery in patients with pimary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and Normal Tension Glaucoma (NTG) under topical therapy. Further sub-analysis was performed to compare between 90 and 120 degrees goniotomy.

Methods
This was a prospective case series of 69 eyes from 69 adults (age 78 ± 5.9 years; male = 27, female = 42). Indications for surgery included insufficient IOP control with topical medication, glaucomatous damage progression under topical therapy and reduction of medication burden. Complete success was defined as IOP lowering below 21 mmHg without the need for topical medication. For NTG patients, complete success was defined as IOP lowering below 17 mmHg without the need for topical medication.

Results
IOP was significantly lowered from 19.7 ± 4.7 to 15.1 ± 2.7 at 2 months, 15.8 ± 2.3
at 6 months and 16.1 ± 3.2 at 12 months (p < 0.05) for POAG and 15.1 ± 2.5 to 14.1 ± 2.4 at 2 months, 14.1 ± 3.1 at 6 months and 13.6 ± 1.8 at 12 months (p > 0.08) for NTG, respectively. Complete success was achieved in 64% of the patients. IOP lowering under 17 mmHg without the need for topical medication was achieved in 60% of the patients at 12 months. In NTG patients (14 eyes) IOP lowering under 17 mmHg without the need for topical medication was achieved in 71%. No significant difference was recorded in terms of IOP lowering at 12 months in-between 90° and 120° of treated trabecular meshwork (p > 0.7). No severe adverse reactions were recorded in this study.

Conclusion
One-year results show that KDB combined with cataract surgery is an effective treatment option for glaucoma patients. IOP lowering was successfully achieved in NTG patients with complete success in 70% of the patients. In our study, no significant differences were recorded in-between 90° and 120° of treated trabecular meshwork.
Displacement and complementarity in the recorded music industry: evidence from France
Authors: Ivaldi Marc , Nicolle Ambre , Verboven Frank , Zhang Jiekai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDo new digital consumption channels of music depress sales in old physical ones, or are they complementary? To answer this question, we exploit product-level variation in sales and prices of over 4 million products, observed weekly between 2014 and 2017 for the entire French market. A unique feature of our data is that we observe sales for both physical and digital products, as well as streaming consumption. At the track-level, we find that streaming displaces digital sales. At the more aggregate artist-level, digital sales displace physical sales, but streaming implies a promotional effect on physical sales. This complementarity is driven by popular genres, i.e., Pop and Variety. Most of our findings are robust to whether we consider the hits or include the products that belong to the long tail. Our findings bridge two streams of literature as we show that displacement between consumption channels at the product level can coexist with complementarity at a more aggregate level.