bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary support for the use of narrative exposure therapy in a child protection context: Collective case‐study narratives
Authors: Ryan Grant Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present paper attempts to provide preliminary support for the use of narrative exposure therapy (NET) in a child protection context. The prevalence of violence, abuse and neglect (VAN) within New South Wales is outlined as well as the current perspectives in trauma definition and symptomology, and the prevalence of trauma symptomology among birthparents and young people within child protection services. NET is introduced including its theoretical background, methodology, applications and research. Four applications of NET within a child protection context are presented, including lifelines and narrative excerpts. Specific themes presented included experiences of physical abuse, domestic and family violence, parental drug use, suicidal ideation and child removal. Statistical analysis including reliable change, clinical and statistical significance of pre‐ and post‐PCL‐5 outcomes measures are presented to infer preliminary support for NET within a child protection context. Limitations and future considerations for future research are discussed.
Prognostic role of early prostate specific antigen changes after [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA radioligand therapy of metastasized prostate cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Giovanella Luca , Garo Maria Luisa , Cuzzocrea Marco , Paone Gaetano , Herrmann Ken 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 10%–20% of prostate cancers progress to metastatic and castration‐resistant forms (mCRPC). Radioligand (RLT) therapy with [177Lu]Lu‐prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an emerging treatment for metastasized mCRPC and its efficacy is assessed not only but also by prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurement after 12 weeks or more after treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the role of early PSA measurement after RLT in predicting overall survival (OS) of mCRPC patients.MethodsA systematic search on PubMed, Web Of Science and Scopus was performed from January to December 2022. PRISMA guidelines for prognostic studies was adopted. Risk of bias was assessed using quality of prognostic studies (QUIPS).ResultsTwelve studies at low‐intermediate risk of bias, were included in the meta‐analysis (1646 patients, mean age 70 years). About 50% of patients showed a PSA decline after 1–2 of [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA, and more than 30% reported a PSA decline ≥50%. The median OS range for patients with any PSA decline was 13–20 months, while for patients with stable or increased PSA, the median OS fell to 6–12 months. The OS rate for a PSA decline after the one‐two [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA cycles was 0.39 (95% CI: 0.31–0.50), while OS for a PSA decline ≥50% was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.57–0.83).ConclusionsA PSA decline is observed in almost 50% of mCRPC patients after 1–2 [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA cycles, with a significantly longer OS compared to stable or increased PSA levels, respectively. Accordingly, any PSA decline after 1–2 cycles of therapy should be regarded as a favourable prognostic factor for OS.
Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia as an early intervention of mood disorders with comorbid insomnia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chung Ka‐Fai , Lee Chit‐Tat , Au Chi‐Hung , Kam Ka‐Yee , Lee Che‐Kin , Yeung Wing‐Fai , Lau Esther Yuet Ying , Ho Fiona Yan‐Yee , Ho Lai‐Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of small‐group nurse‐administered cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTI) as an early intervention of mood disorders with comorbid insomnia.MethodsA total of 200 patients with first‐episode depressive or bipolar disorders and comorbid insomnia were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receiving 4‐session CBTI or not in a routine psychiatric care setting. Primary outcome was Insomnia Severity Index. Secondary outcomes included response and remission status; daytime symptomatology and quality of life; medication burden; sleep‐related cognitions and behaviours; and the credibility, satisfaction, adherence and adverse events of CBTI. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3, 6, and 12‐month.ResultsOnly a significant time‐effect but no group‐by‐time interaction was found in the primary outcome. Several secondary outcomes had significantly greater improvements in CBTI group, including higher depression remission at 12‐month (59.7% vs. 37.9%, χ2 = 6.57, p = .01), lower anxiolytic use at 3‐month (18.1% vs. 33.3%, χ2 = 4.72, p = .03) and 12‐month (12.5% vs. 25.8%, χ2 = 3.26, p = .047), and lesser sleep‐related dysfunctional cognitions at 3 and 6‐month (mixed‐effects model, F = 5.12, p = .001 and .03, respectively). Depression remission rate was 28.6%, 40.3%, and 59.7% at 3, 6, and 12‐month, respectively in CBTI group and 28.4%, 31.1%, and 37.9%, respectively in no CBTI group.ConclusionCBTI may be a useful early intervention to enhance depression remission and reduce medication burden in patients with first‐episode depressive disorder and comorbid insomnia.
Stimulation to probe, excite, and inhibit the epileptic brain
Authors: Frauscher Birgit , Bartolomei Fabrice , Baud Maxime O. , Smith Rachel J. , Worrell Greg , Lundstrom Brian N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDirect cortical stimulation has been applied in epilepsy for nearly a century and has experienced a renaissance, given unprecedented opportunities to probe, excite, and inhibit the human brain. Evidence suggests stimulation can increase diagnostic and therapeutic utility in patients with drug‐resistant epilepsies. However, choosing appropriate stimulation parameters is not a trivial issue, and is further complicated by epilepsy being characterized by complex brain state dynamics. In this article derived from discussions at the ICTALS 2022 Conference (International Conference on Technology and Analysis for Seizures), we succinctly review the literature on cortical stimulation applied acutely and chronically to the epileptic brain for localization, monitoring, and therapeutic purposes. In particular, we discuss how stimulation is used to probe brain excitability, discuss evidence on the usefulness of stimulation to trigger and stop seizures, review therapeutic applications of stimulation, and finally discuss how stimulation parameters are impacted by brain dynamics. Although research has advanced considerably over the past decade, there are still significant hurdles to optimizing use of this technique. For example, it remains unclear to what extent short timescale diagnostic biomarkers can predict long‐term outcomes and to what extent these biomarkers add information to already existing biomarkers from passive electroencephalographic recordings. Further questions include the extent to which closed loop stimulation offers advantages over open loop stimulation, what the optimal closed loop timescales may be, and whether biomarker‐informed stimulation can lead to seizure freedom. The ultimate goal of bioelectronic medicine remains not just to stop seizures but rather to cure epilepsy and its comorbidities.
Multimodal nocturnal seizure detection in children with epilepsy: A prospective, multicenter, long‐term, in‐home trial
Authors: van Westrhenen Anouk , Lazeron Richard H. C. , van Dijk Johannes P. , Leijten Frans S. S. , Thijs Roland D. ,   the Dutch TeleEpilepsy Consortium
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThere is a pressing need for reliable automated seizure detection in epilepsy care. Performance evidence on ambulatory non‐electroencephalography‐based seizure detection devices is low, and evidence on their effect on caregiver's stress, sleep, and quality of life (QoL) is still lacking. We aimed to determine the performance of NightWatch, a wearable nocturnal seizure detection device, in children with epilepsy in the family home setting and to assess its impact on caregiver burden.MethodsWe conducted a phase 4, multicenter, prospective, video‐controlled, in‐home NightWatch implementation study (NCT03909984). We included children aged 4–16 years, with ≥1 weekly nocturnal major motor seizure, living at home. We compared a 2‐month baseline period with a 2‐month NightWatch intervention. The primary outcome was the detection performance of NightWatch for major motor seizures (focal to bilateral or generalized tonic–clonic [TC] seizures, focal to bilateral or generalized tonic seizures lasting >30 s, hyperkinetic seizures, and a remainder category of focal to bilateral or generalized clonic seizures and "TC‐like" seizures). Secondary outcomes included caregivers' stress (Caregiver Strain Index [CSI]), sleep (Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Index), and QoL (EuroQol five‐dimension five‐level scale).ResultsWe included 53 children (55% male, mean age = 9.7 ± 3.6 years, 68% learning disability) and analyzed 2310 nights (28 173 h), including 552 major motor seizures. Nineteen participants did not experience any episode of interest during the trial. The median detection sensitivity per participant was 100% (range = 46%–100%), and the median individual false alarm rate was .04 per hour (range = 0–.53). Caregiver's stress decreased significantly (mean total CSI score = 8.0 vs. 7.1, p = .032), whereas caregiver's sleep and QoL did not change significantly during the trial.SignificanceThe NightWatch system demonstrated high sensitivity for detecting nocturnal major motor seizures in children in a family home setting and reduced caregiver stress.
What do macroinvertebrate indices measure? Stressor‐specific stream macroinvertebrate indices can be confounded by other stressors
Authors: Jones J. Iwan , Lloyd Charlotte E. M. , Murphy John F. , Arnold Amanda , Duerdoth Chas P. , Hawczak Adrianna , Pretty James L. , Johnes Penny J. , Freer Jim E. , Stirling Moragh W. , Richmond Carla , Collins Adrian L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Monitoring programmes worldwide use biota to assess the “health” of water bodies. Indices based on biota are used to describe the change in status of sites over time, to identify progress against management targets and to diagnose the causes of biological degradation. A variety of numerical stressor‐specific biotic indices have been developed based on the response of biota to differences in stressors among sites. Yet, it is not clear how variation in pressures within sites, over what time period, and in what combination has the greatest impact on different biotic groups. An understanding of how temporal variation in pressures influences biological assessment indices would assist in setting achievable targets and help focus catchment‐scale mitigation strategies to ensure that they deliver the desired improvements in biological condition.

Hydrochemical data provided by a network of high‐frequency (15 or 30 min) automated monitoring stations over 3 years were matched to replicated biological data to understand the influence of spatio‐temporal variation in pollution pressures on biological indices. Hydrochemical data were summarised in various ways to reflect central tendency, peaks, troughs and variation over 1–90 days before the collection of each biological sample. An objective model selection procedure was used to determine which hydrochemical determinand, and over what time period, best explained variation in the biological indices.

Stressor‐specific indices derived from macroinvertebrates which purportedly assess stress from low flows, excess fine sediment, nutrient enrichment, pesticides and organic pollution were significantly inter‐correlated and reflected periods of low oxygen concentration, even though only one index (ASPTWHPT, average score per taxon) was designed for this purpose. Changes in community composition resulting from one stressor frequently lead to confounding effects on stressor‐specific indices.

Variation in ASPTWHPT was best described by dissolved oxygen calculated as Q5 over 10 days, suggesting that low oxygen events had most influence over this period. Longer‐term effects were apparent, but were masked by recovery. Macroinvertebrate abundance was best described by Q95 of stream velocity over 60 days, suggesting a slower recovery in numbers than in the community trait reflected by ASPTWHPT.

Although use of ASPTWHPT was supported, we recommend that additional independent evidence should be used to corroborate any conclusions regarding the causes of degradation drawn from the other stressor‐specific indices. The use of such stressor‐specific indices alone risks the mistargeting of management strategies if the putative stressor‐index approach is taken to be more reliable than the results herein suggest.
Environmental and temporal patterns in bioturbation in the Cambrian–Ordovician of Western Newfoundland
Authors: Tarhan Lidya G. , Nolan Rhiannon Z. , Westacott Sophie , Shaw Jack O. , Pruss Sara B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe early Paleozoic emergence of bioturbating (sediment‐dwelling and ‐mixing) animals has long been assumed to have led to substantial changes in marine biogeochemistry, seafloor ecology, and the preservation potential of both sedimentary and fossil archives. However, the timing of the rise of bioturbation and environmental patterns in its expansion have long been subjects of debate—resolution of which has been hampered, in part, by a paucity of high‐resolution bioturbation data or of systematic investigations of facies trends in lower Paleozoic bioturbation. To address these issues, we conducted an integrated sedimentological and ichnological characterization of the Cambrian–Ordovician Port au Port succession and Cow Head Group of western Newfoundland, encompassing over 350 meters of stratigraphy logged at the centimeter to decimeter scale. We find that, across a wide range of marine facies, bioturbation does not on average exceed moderate intensities—corroborating observations from other lower Paleozoic successions indicating that the early Paleozoic development of bioturbation was a protracted process. Moreover, bioturbation intensities in the Port au Port succession and Cow Head Group are commonly characterized by considerable variability at even fine scales of stratigraphic resolution and changes in bioturbation intensity correlate strongly with variability in sedimentary facies. We observe that facies recording nearshore depositional environments and carbonate‐rich lithologies are each characterized by the highest intensities of both burrowing and sediment mixing. These data highlight the need for a high‐resolution and facies‐specific approach to reconstructing the evolutionary history of bioturbation and suggest that average levels of bioturbation, although relatively low throughout this interval, increased notably earlier in nearshore marine settings.
The roles of vocabulary knowledge and metacognitive awareness as mediators between prior knowledge and L2 academic reading
Authors: Carcamo Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, reading comprehension studies have followed a componential approach aimed at determining the way in which variables interact. However, in L2 academic reading comprehension, this progress is still in its initial stages. With this context in mind, this paper aims to explore the relationship between prior knowledge and L2 reading comprehension by proposing a mediation model that considers L2 vocabulary knowledge and metacognitive awareness as mediating variables. A final sample of 75 Chilean university students with an intermediate level of English was used for the study. The variables measured were prior knowledge, vocabulary breadth, metacognitive awareness of reading strategies, and reading comprehension. Among the findings of this study, we propose a simple mediation model in which vocabulary knowledge functions as a mediator between prior knowledge and reading comprehension. Unexpectedly, the impact of metacognitive awareness was not found to be statistically significant.
Social motivation predicts gaze following between 6 and 14 months
Authors: Zeng Guangyu , Leung Tiffany S. , Maylott Sarah E. , Saunders Thea A. , Messinger Daniel S. , Llabre Maria M. , Simpson Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInfants vary in their ability to follow others’ gazes, but it is unclear how these individual differences emerge. We tested whether social motivation levels in early infancy predict later gaze following skills. We longitudinally tracked infants’ (N = 82) gazes and pupil dilation while they observed videos of a woman looking into the camera simulating eye contact (i.e., mutual gaze) and then gazing toward one of two objects, at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 14 months of age. To improve measurement validity, we used confirmatory factor analysis to combine multiple observed measures to index the underlying constructs of social motivation and gaze following. Infants’ social motivation—indexed by their speed of social orienting, duration of mutual gaze, and degree of pupil dilation during mutual gaze—was developmentally stable and positively predicted the development of gaze following—indexed by their proportion of time looking to the target object, first object look difference scores, and first face‐to‐object saccade difference scores—from 6 to 14 months of age. These findings suggest that infants’ social motivation likely plays a role in the development of gaze following and highlight the use of a multi‐measure approach to improve measurement sensitivity and validity in infancy research.
RETRACTED: The hepatic and pancreatic tumour resection risk factors for surgical site wound infections: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Dong Biao , Chen Jing , Song Mina , You Changjiang , Lei Changjiang , Fan Ying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis was conducted to measure hepatic and pancreatic tumour resection (HPTR) risk factors (RFs) for surgical site wound infections (SSWIs). A comprehensive literature inspection was conducted until February 2023, and 2349 interrelated investigations were reviewed. The nine chosen investigations included 22 774 individuals who were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 20 831 of them were with pancreatic tumours (PTs), and 1934 with hepatic tumours (HTs). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compute the value of the HPTR RFs for SSWIs using dichotomous and continuous approaches, and a fixed or random model. HT patients with biliary reconstruction had significantly higher SSWI (OR, 5.81; 95% CI, 3.42–9.88, P < .001) than those without biliary reconstruction. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference between individuals with PT who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and those who underwent distal pancreatectomy in SSWI (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.95–2.77, P = .07). HT individuals with biliary reconstruction had significantly higher SSWI compared with those without biliary reconstruction. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference between PT individuals who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and those who underwent distal pancreatectomy in SSWI. However, owing to the small number of selected investigations for this meta‐analysis, care must be exercised when dealing with its values.
Evaluation of platelet‐rich plasma plus basic fibroblast growth factor combined with minoxidil in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Shulian , Liu Shizhao , Chen Jian , Dai Damao , Liu Weijie , Le Demengjie , Guan Qing , Miao Yong , Hu Zhiqi , Qu Qian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet‐rich plasma plus basic fibroblast growth factor (PRPF) has been confirmed to be a safe and valuable therapy for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). However, the efficacy of PRPF combined with minoxidil treatment remains unknown.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of combined PRPF and minoxidil treatment for AGA.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized controlled trial, 75 patients with AGA were randomly divided into three groups and were administered the following treatments: Group 1, direct intradermal PRPF injection; Group 2, topical minoxidil 5% twice daily; and Group 3, PRPF injection combined with minoxidil. The PRPF injection was performed three times, 1 month apart. Hair growth parameters were evaluated using a trichoscope until the sixth month of the study. Patient satisfaction and side effects were recorded during the follow‐up.ResultsAll patients showed improvements (p < 0.05) in hair count, terminal hair, and decrease in telogen hair ratio after treatment. The efficacy of PRPF complex therapy revealed significant improvements (p < 0.05) in hair count, terminal hair and growth rate, compared with monotherapy.LimitationsSmall sample size, short follow‐up time and lack of quantification of GFs in PRPF.ConclusionThe effect of complex therapy exceed both the effects of PRPF monotherapy and minoxidil treatment, which can be a beneficial AGA treatment strategy.
Does microneedle fractional radiofrequency system inactivate botulinum toxin type A?
Authors: Jiang Lanlan , Liang Gaopeng , Li Yaoying , Liu Lu , Zhang Lian , Gu Hongzhi , Ge Lan , Song Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe combination of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) and energy equipment have been widely used in the clinic.AimsTo determine whether the energy of microneedle fractional radiofrequency (MFR) affects the efficacy of BoNT/A and to provide an optimal strategy for the energy device in combination with BoNT/A in the clinic.MethodsFirst, a total of 45 females with moderate‐to‐severe periorbital crow's feet wrinkles were enrolled and divided into three groups according to different treatment methods and intervals, including BoNT/A injection alone, BoNT/A injected immediately after MFR treatment and BoNT/A injected 7 days after MFR treatment. The photographs were compared before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. Then, the mouse models were established by combining MFR with BoNT/A at different intervals, to evaluate muscle strength, muscle mass, muscle nutritional markers, and important cytokines levels.ResultsAll patients in each group had high satisfaction. The MFR + BoNT/A (immediately) group could improve dynamic wrinkles, but the others had more significant efficacy (p < 0.05). The results of mouse models showed that all BoNT/A groups induced different degrees of muscle paralysis in vivo, but the paralytic effect induced by the BoNT/A group, MFR + BoNT/A (interval of 3‐day) group, and MFR + BoNT/A (interval of 7‐day) group were higher than others and the expression levels of muscle nutritional markers in NMJ tissues were significantly upregulated.ConclusionMFR has a certain reduction effect on the activity of BoNT/A, and this reduction effect would last for 3 days after MFR treatment.