bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of budesonide formoterol fixed-dose combination MDI in reducing cough symptoms in COVID-19 patients: A real-world evidence study
Authors: Samajdar Shambo Samrat , Mukherjee Shatavisa , Moitra Saibal , Pal Jyotirmoy , Joshi Shashank , Tripathi Santanu Kumar 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cough is a wearisome and exasperating symptom affecting the daily life of the infected patient. Cough due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes excessive morbidity in human populations globally. Apart from the morbidity associated with cough, it also enhances the transmission of this viral infection through droplets. Therefore, curbing cough is crucial to limit its spread. Patients often administer over-the-counter products and antitussive agents, which have no proven benefit. The present study was undertaken to find out if cough associated with COVID-19 and other indicative clinical outcomes is alleviated with a budesonide/formoterol fixed-dose combination (FDC) metered-dose inhaler (MDI).

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted in mild COVID-19 patients who presented with a cough score ≥8 at presentation. Patients who were initiated on ICS-LABA MDI were observed as group A and those who were not initiated on MDI were observed as Group B. Cough symptom score (at baseline and on day 3 and day 7), the incidence of hospital admission and/or death, and need for mechanical ventilation were documented. Prescribing patterns of anti-cough medications were also noted and analysed.

Results:
Compared to group B, a higher mean cough score reduction was noted for group A patients at day 3 and day 7 when compared to the baseline, and this was significant at P < 0.001. A significant negative correlation was also observed between mean latency of MDI initiation from the symptom onset and mean cough score reduction. Analysis of the proportion of patients prescribed medications to treat cough showed that overall, 10.78% did not require these, with a greater proportion in group A compared to group B.

Conclusion:
Patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 who were treated with ICS-LABA MDI along with usual care benefitted significantly in terms of symptom reduction compared to usual care.
A pilot study to evaluate the changes in venous blood gas parameters and hypoxia biomarkers in health care workers using different kinds of masks
Authors: Patel Suprava , Mohapatra Eli , Suganthy Asha K. , Shah Seema , Abraham Jessy , Nanda Rachita , Behera Ajoy K. , Gupta Ashish 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The study is aimed to investigate the metabolic alterations and changes in biochemical parameters associated with extended mask.

Methods:
It was a prospective comparative study conducted on 129 participants comprised of 37 healthy controls and 92 health care workers using different kind of masks like, cloth mask, surgical masks and N95-FFR/PPE. Two samples on day-1 and day-10 were collected for analysis of blood gas parameters, serum hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α), and erythropoietin (EPO).

Results:
Oxygen saturation percentage (sO2) of 72.68 (P = 0.033) was significantly low, whereas, Na+ (P = 0.05) and Ca2+ (P < 0.001) were raised in exposed individuals than the healthy controls. The serum HIF-α level of 3.26 ng/mL, was considerable higher in the exposed individuals than controls (P = 0.001). pO2 and sO2 were the lowest and HIF-α and EPO were raised in N95-FFR/PPE of all mask users (P < 0.01). A significant difference was evidenced for pCO2, pH, Na+, Ca2+, and EPO in the exposed group. A positive correlation between the duration of mask use (in hours) with HIF-α (r = 0.247, P = 0.005) and Ca2+ (r = 0.306, P < 0.001) was observed. The major complaints in N95-FFR/PPE users were headache (15.2%) and polydipsia (33.3%).

Conclusion:
The study findings depicted a significant metabolic alterations in PPE/N95 users which could be due to chronic hypoxic exposure of the tissues.
Effects of Different Storage Media on Dentin Moisture, Microhardness, and Bond Strength of Resin Composite
Authors: Yilmaz F , Guvenc P , Pamir T , Demirbas A , Sen BH 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
In in vitro studies, it is desirable that the storage solutions in which dental samples kept between extraction and experiment should prevent dehydration and have antimicrobial properties. However, it should be taken into consideration that these solutions may have some effects that directly change test results on physical and mechanical properties of laboratory samples.

Aims:
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different storage media on dentin moisture, microhardness, and microshear bond strength of resin composite to dentin. Thirty non-carious human premolars were randomly divided into three groups: 1. 0.1% Thymol (T), 2. Distilled water (DW), 3. Dry storage (DS) (control) (n = 10). Dentin moisture was measured with a digital grain moisture meter. Dentin microhardness was measured with the Vickers test. The bond strength was measured with a microshear test.

Materials and Methods:
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Bonferroni test was used for statistical evaluation (p = 0.05).

Results:
Dentin moisture of the experimental groups was statistically higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the dentin moisture of group DW was significantly higher than that of group T (p < 0.05). The mean microshear bond strength of resin composite to dentin was higher in group DW than in group T and group DS (p < 0.05), while there was no statistical difference between group T and group DS. The microhardness values of all groups were statistically similar.

Conclusions:
Storage solutions used for disinfection and to prevent dehydration may have negative effects on dentin moisture and bond strength.
Injury Severity Score as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Abdominal Trauma at a Tertiary Nigerian Hospital
Authors: Adenuga A , Adeyeye A 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Abdominal trauma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-and middle-income countries. Typical patients present late and very sick with early recognition key to improving outcome. There is a paucity of trauma data in this environment and trauma scoring systems which have been validated in the developed world are yet to find widespread use here.

Aim:
This study aimed at evaluating role of injury severity score (ISS) in predicting mortality.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective observational study of patients with abdominal trauma who presented at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital from 2013 to 2019. Records were identified and data were extracted and analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences 23.

Results:
A total of 87 patients were included in the study. There were 73 males and 14 females. The mean overall ISS in this study was 16.06 ± 7.9. Concerning morbidity, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in predicting morbidity was 0.843 (95% confidence interval 0.737-0.928). ISS had a strong sensitivity of 90% and specificity 55% at a cut-off of 14.50. Also, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in predicting mortality was 0.746 (95% confidence interval 0.588-0.908) and at a cut-off of 16.50; ISS had a specificity of 80% and sensitivity of 60%. The mean ISS of patients with mortality was 22.60 ± 10.5 while the survivors had a mean ISS of 14.7 ± 6.5 (P <.001). The mean ISS for patients who had morbidity was 22.8 ± 8.1 while those without morbidity had a mean ISS of 13.1 ± 5.7 (P <.05).

Conclusion:
ISS was a good predictor of morbidity and mortality in abdominal trauma in patients in this study. A prospective study with standardized abdominal imaging would be needed to further validate this scoring tool.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Using Gnri and Mis as a Predictor of Mortality in Elderly Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Pembegul I , Yakaryilmaz FD 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Malnutrition is one of the most common geriatric syndromes in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Although there is no gold standard for evaluating nutritional status in HD patients, the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) are widely used in clinical settings.

Aim:
To examine the efficacy of using Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) as a predictor of mortality in elderly hemodialysis patients.

Subjects and Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was carried out in Malatya Training and Research Hospital’s Hemodialysis Unit between July 2018 and August 2022. Two hundred seventy-four elderly hemodialysis patients were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and anthropometric measurements of the patients were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of mortality.

Results:
The mean age of 83 patients who died was 70.00 ± 8.39 years and 47 (56.6%) of these patients were male. All-cause death occurred in 69 (71.1%) of 97 patients with an MIS of ≥6. All-cause death occurred in 24 (54.5%) of 44 patients with a GNRI score of <91.2. Accordingly, MIS (P < 0.001, OR = 1.376 [0.163–0.392]), GNRI (P = 0.001, OR = −0.431 [1.189–1.990]), and age (P = 0.021, OR = 0.109 [0.818–0.984]) were found to be independent predictors of all-cause mortality.

Conclusions:
GNRI and MIS are important predictors of increased risk of mortality from all causes in elderly HD patients.
The Effects of Education on Foot Care Behaviors and Self-Efficacy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Tekir Ö , Çevik C , Özsezer G 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetic foot significantly affects the quality of life of patients with diabetes. It leads to loss of labor force, psychosocial trauma, and high treatment costs due to serious morbidity and mortality. Nurses have an important responsibility to improve the metabolic status of individuals with diabetes, to protect them from foot complications, and to teach patients foot care skills.

Aim:
This study investigated the effects of education on type 2 diabetes patients regarding diabetic foot care and self-efficacy.

Materials and Methods:
This quasi-experimental study was conducted from February to July 2016 in hospitals located in the city of Balıkesir in Turkey with type 2 diabetes patients who were admitted to the internal medicine clinic and monitored by the endocrinology and internal medicine outpatient clinics. G*power 3.1.9.2 software was used to calculate the sample size of 94 people with a 5% type 1 error, and 90% power. The study was carried out with stratified randomization, and a questionnaire was administered to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received training, and both groups’ scores on the Diabetic Foot Behavior Questionnaire [Appendix 1] and the Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale [Appendix 2] were compared after three months. The t-test, the paired t-test, and the Chi-square test were used.

Results:
While the self-efficacy and the foot care behavior scores of the control group did not show any differences (P > 0.05), the experimental group’s scores were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The control group’s self-efficacy and foot care behavior scores on the pre-test and final test were similar, while the experimental group’s scores increased (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Starting from the diagnosis of diabetes, it is advisable to carry out foot assessments and to follow up with diabetics who received foot care education to increase their self-efficacy, to make foot care a habit, and to re-evaluate missing or incorrect practices during check-ups.
Rhino orbital cerebral mucormycosis
Authors: Alsayed Hawra Ali Hussain , Al-Qurain Aymen Ali , Alrais Zeyad Faoor 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Mucormycosis is a progressive and life-threatening disease that has been increasingly reported in patients infected by coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19). We describe a case of rhino-orbital mucormycosis with central nervous system involvement resulting in bilateral blindness and intracranial extension in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) and mild COVID-19 infection. A 35-year-old obese male, recently diagnosed with DM, presented to the emergency department suffering from dizziness, headache, speech difficulty, and facial weakness. His glycosylated hemoglobin was 10.4% and his reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test came positive for COVID-19. Ocular examination revealed left eye proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and lid edema with no ocular movement. Imaging studies showed pansinusitis and periorbital and orbital cellulitis with intracranial involvement. Histopathology and biopsy examination confirmed mucormycosis. Medical management included glucose control and liposomal amphotericin B therapy. Septoplasty and functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed as emergency procedures. The patient survived with bilateral blindness. In this case, we described the importance of considering mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients with uncontrolled diabetes, particularly those presenting with sinusitis, headache, and orbital edema symptoms. Despite intensive antifungal therapy and surgical intervention, it is a serious opportunistic fungal infection associated with long-term complications.
Notas de jurisprudencia.- Tribunal Supremo
Authors: Gamero Casado Eduardo 
Published: March 2023

SUMARIO:
I. ACTO ADMINISTRATIVOII. ADMINISTRACIÓN LOCALVI. CONTRATOSVIII. CULTURA, EDUCACIÓN, DEPORTE, PATRIMONIO HISTÓRICOIX. DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO ECONÓMICOXI. DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES Y LIBERTADESXIII. FUENTESXV. JURISDICCIÓN CONTENCIOSO-ADMINISTRATIVAXVIII. PERSONALXIX. PROCEDIMIENTO ADMINISTRATIVOXX. RESPONSABILIDAD PATRIMONIAL.XXII. SUBVENCIONES
INFORME: El nuevo régimen jurídico de autorización administrativa, declaración responsable, comunicación, acreditación y registro de entidades, centros y servicios sociales de Andalucía
Authors: Núñez-Lozano María del Carmen 
Published: March 2023

SUMARIO:
I. INTRODUCCIÓNII. LA PROLONGADA VIGENCIA DEL DECRETO 87/1996, DE 20 DE FEBREROIII. BREVE SINOPSIS DEL DECRETO 103/2022, DE 14 DE JUNIOIV. DISPOSICIONES GENERALESV. LA AUTORIZACIÓN ADMINISTRATIVAVI. LA DECLARACIÓN RESPONSABLEVII. LA COMUNICACIÓN ADMINISTRATIVA
Dominating Factors of Road Failures: Perceptions of Key Stakeholders in the Small Island Developing State of Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Leon Lee P. , Ellis Leighton A. , Martin Hector H. , Fermin Byron 
Published: March 2023

Accelerated global population increase, socioeconomic and environmental changes have resulted in spiralling maintenance costs for pavements. Current understanding of pavement deterioration fails to address this longstanding issue, and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are not immune to the recurring expense incurred from pavement degradation. Existing academic debates on design and construction inadequacies in pavement longevity do not address regular maintenance challenges. This research examines the reasons for frequent pavement failures and explains how they affect Trinidad and Tobago’s future maintenance and economic development. A questionnaire was completed by 120 contractors, consultants, and state agency experts specialising in road construction and maintenance. The findings revealed from an assessment of the Relative Importance Index (RII) that utility cuts by the Water and Sewerage Authority were the most important (0.904), followed by maintenance culture (0.898), quality of work (workmanship) (0.888), poor drainage facilities, and overloaded vehicles (0.854). Climate change (temperature) was the lowest-ranked cause overall (0.568). The findings also show that economic growth and development are directly and indirectly affected, resulting in high vehicle running costs, longer travel times, and higher prices for fundamental products and services. Recommendations are made to aid engineers and policymakers in identifying critical causes and reducing the adverse consequences of frequent pavement failure. Keywords:	Maintenance, Pavement deterioration, Perceptions, Road failures, Trinidad and Tobago
The Multi-Objective Transportation Problem Solve with Geometric Mean and Penalty Methods
Authors: K.P.O.Niluminda  , E.M.U.S.B.Ekanayake  
Published: March 2023

The traditional (classical) Transportation Problem (TP) can be viewed as a specific case of the Linear Programming (LP) problem, as well as its models are used to find the best solution for the problem of predetermined how many units of a good or service need to be shipped from one source to multiple locations, with the goals being to reduce time or expense. Classical TP has one objective but when there are two or more objectives to be optimized for in a TP, the strategies used to optimize a single objective are inapplicable. The term “Multi-Objective Transportation Problem (MOTP)” refers to situations in which there are two or more objectives in a TP. The specific extension of the transportation problem is the MOTP. This work provided a novel alternative algorithm that uses geometric means along with the penalty technique to address MOTP. Specifically, analyzed data by comparing our method with numerical examples and presenting the results in a line graph. Our analysis shows that our approach yields better solutions than existing methods, demonstrating the novelty and effectiveness of our approach. The comparison with numerical examples provides a clear and intuitive way of presenting the superiority of our method, making it accessible to practitioners and researchers in the field. These findings have important implications for improving the accuracy and reliability of solutions to the problem at hand. Overall, our study contributes to the advancement of the field by providing a novel and effective method for solving the problem.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI KANTOR KECAMATAN CIAMPEA KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Ilyas Yasnimar , . Muhlis , Anwar Syaiful , Ramdan Zulkifli 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komunikasi dan kompensasi baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan terhadap kinerja pegawai di kantor Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Hasil uji hipotesis secara parsial membuktikan bahwa komunikasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 9,133 > t tabel 2,028 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. (2) Hasil uji hipotesis secara parsial membuktikan bahwa kompensasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 8,436 > t tabel 2,028 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. (3) Hasil uji hipotesis secara simultan membuktikan bahwa komunikasi dan kompensasi secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 111.585 > F tabel 2,866 dan signifikansi sebesar 0,000 <0,05. (4) Hasil uji koefisien dterminasi diperoleh nilai adjusted R² sebesar 0,863. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa 86,3% kinerja pegawai Kecamatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor dipengaruhi oleh komunikasi dan kompensasi sedangkan sisanya yaitu 13,7% di pengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel lainnya yang dalam penelitian ini tidak diteliti.
Textos didactizados: mediadores en la lectura de textos científicos de lingüística
Authors: Abate Daga Valeria Guadalupe , Pereyra Clarisa Verónica 
Published: March 2023

La comprensión lectora y la escritura académica suelen ser una problemática presentada por los ingresantes en el marco de los estudios superiores. Desde la Secretaría Académica Central de la Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), se convocó a los docentes de asignaturas de primer año de las carreras para abordar este desafío a través de la convocatoria a Proyectos de Escritura y Lectura en las disciplinas de Primer Año (PELPA). En este marco, el equipo de cátedra de Lingüística del Departamento de Letras se presentó con el proyecto “La lectura y la escritura: hacia un proceso de autonomización”. En este trabajo se presentará uno de los objetivos del proyecto: producir, desde el equipo docente, material didactizado a partir de los textos fuente que deben leer y estudiar los ingresantes en la asignatura. El proceso de producción se abordó a la luz de las propuestas teóricas en relación con la alfabetización académica en los estudios superiores. La modalidad utilizada por el equipo docente consistió en la reformulación del contenido conceptual, a partir de distintas estrategias, partiendo de las operaciones cognitivas con las que, generalmente, cuentan los estudiantes al ingresar a la universidad. Estos textos se caracterizan por su discursividad intermedia entre los textos científicos y los escolares y son utilizados para facilitar la lectura de los discursos científicos. A partir de la incorporación de dicho material, se evidenció un paulatino descenso del número de alumnos desaprobados.
Characterizing 4 decades of accelerated glacial mass loss in the west Nyainqentanglha Range of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Shuhong , Liu Jintao , Pritchard Hamish D. , Ke Linghong , Qiao Xiao , Zhang Jie , Xiao Weihua , Zhou Yuyan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Glacier retreat is altering the water regime of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) as
the region's climate changes, but there remain substantial gaps in our
knowledge of recent glacier loss in this region due to the difficulty of
making direct high-mountain observations, and this limits our ability to
predict the future of this important water resource. Here, we assessed 44 years of glacier area and volume changes in the major west Nyainqentanglha Range (WNR) that supplies meltwater to the densely populated Lhasa River basin and Nam Co, the second largest endorheic lake on the TP. Between the two periods 1976–2000 and 2000–2020, we found that the glacier areal retreat rate more than doubled (from -0.54±0.21 % a−1 to -1.17±0.30 % a−1), and surface lowering also accelerated (from -0.26±0.09 to -0.37±0.15 m w.e a−1) with particularly intense melting after 2014. This acceleration is similar in both timing and magnitude to that observed for Himalayan glaciers farther south. Besides, the areal retreat rate and mass loss rate of most glaciers in the WNR were not synchronized. To understand the sensitivity of WNR glaciers to climate forcing, we examined the effects of topography, debris cover and the presence of proglacial lakes on our observed changes. We found consistently faster areal retreat but slower thinning rates on steeper slopes and an inconsistent relationship with aspect. We concluded that our observed spatial and temporal patterns of glacier change were dominated by observed local variations in temperature and precipitation, the melt-reducing role of supraglacial debris, and the increasing influence of ice-marginal lakes on glacier ablation.