bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermions in boundary conformal field theory: crossing symmetry and E-expansion
Authors: Herzog Christopher P. , Schaub Vladimir 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We use the equations of motion in combination with crossing symmetry to constrain the properties of interacting fermionic boundary conformal field theories. This combination is an efficient way of determining operator product expansion coefficients and anomalous dimensions at the first few orders of the ϵ expansion. Two necessary ingredients for this procedure are knowledge of the boundary and bulk spinor conformal blocks. The bulk spinor conformal blocks are derived here for the first time. We then consider a number of examples. For ϕ a scalar field and ψ a fermionic field, we study the effects of a $$ \phi \overline{\psi}\psi $$
ϕ

ψ
¯

ψ
coupling in 4 – ϵ dimensions, a $$ {\phi}^2\overline{\psi}\psi $$

ϕ
2

ψ
¯

ψ
coupling in 3 – ϵ dimensions, and a $$ {\left(\overline{\psi}\psi \right)}^2 $$

ψ
¯

ψ

2

coupling in 2 + ϵ dimensions. We are able to compute some new anomalous dimensions for operators in these theories. Finally, we relate the anomalous dimension of a surface operator to the behavior of the charge density near the surface.
Role for platelet rich plasma as an adjuvant therapy in wound healing and burns
Authors: Knightly Nauar , Lee Crystal , O’Brien Lukas , Qayyum Tayyab , Hurley Ciaran , Kelly Jack 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) contains high concentrations of growth factors. Intuitively, these were thought to be of potential benefit in healing of chronic wounds, skin grafts and graft donor sites. This was echoed in retrospective studies and an individual case basis but had not been randomized.

Methods
A systematic search was carried out by two individuals, independently, on the MEDLINE, EMBASE and COCHRANE databases, according to PRISMA guidelines. All data analysis and statistics was pooled and analysed using the Cochrane RevMan Software.

Results
Split thickness grafts have been described by numerous authors, but PRP use did not offer a significant advantage in graft take in pooled results (MD 5.83, 95% CI − 0.69 to 12.25, random-effects, p = 0.08). The analysis of included randomized controlled trials has shown favourable split-thickness skin graft donor site healing in the PRP group (MD − 5.55, 95% CI − 7.40 to − 3.69, random-effects, p =  < 0.00001) compared to the control group. For carpal tunnel syndrome, the pooled results showed no difference in functional scores vs steroid injections (SMD − 0.68, 95% CI − 1.47 to 0.10, randomeffects, p = 0.09) or indeed splinting groups.

Conclusions
With the current body of evidence, we conclude that the use of PRP as an adjuvant therapy in skin grafts, burns, carpal tunnel surgery or scars cannot be rationalised. A potential use of PRP is in donor site management but the cost of this would be difficult to justify.
Level of evidence: Not ratable.
Towards multiomic analysis of oral mucosal pathologies
Authors: Einhaus Jakob , Han Xiaoyuan , Feyaerts Dorien , Sunwoo John , Gaudilliere Brice , Ahmad Somayeh H. , Aghaeepour Nima , Bruckman Karl , Ojcius David , Schürch Christian M. , Gaudilliere Dyani K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Oral mucosal pathologies comprise an array of diseases with worldwide prevalence and medical relevance. Affecting a confined space with crucial physiological and social functions, oral pathologies can be mutilating and drastically reduce quality of life. Despite their relevance, treatment for these diseases is often far from curative and remains vastly understudied. While multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal pathologies, the host’s immune system plays a major role in the development, maintenance, and resolution of these diseases. Consequently, a precise understanding of immunological mechanisms implicated in oral mucosal pathologies is critical (1) to identify accurate, mechanistic biomarkers of clinical outcomes; (2) to develop targeted immunotherapeutic strategies; and (3) to individualize prevention and treatment approaches. Here, we review key elements of the immune system’s role in oral mucosal pathologies that hold promise to overcome limitations in current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We emphasize recent and ongoing multiomic and single-cell approaches that enable an integrative view of these pathophysiological processes and thereby provide unifying and clinically relevant biological signatures.
Accessibility percolation on Cartesian power graphs
Authors: Schmiegelt Benjamin , Krug Joachim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA fitness landscape is a mapping from a space of discrete genotypes to the real numbers. A path in a fitness landscape is a sequence of genotypes connected by single mutational steps. Such a path is said to be accessible if the fitness values of the genotypes encountered along the path increase monotonically. We study accessible paths on random fitness landscapes of the House-of-Cards type, on which fitness values are independent, identically and continuously distributed random variables. The genotype space is taken to be a Cartesian power graph $${\mathcal {A}^L}$$

A

L

, where $$L$$
L
is the number of genetic loci and the allele graph $$\mathcal {A}$$
A
encodes the possible allelic states and mutational transitions on one locus. The probability of existence of accessible paths between two genotypes at a distance linear in $$L$$
L
displays a transition from 0 to a positive value at a threshold $$\beta _\text {c}$$

β
c

for the fitness difference between the initial and final genotype. We derive a lower bound on $$\beta _\text {c}$$

β
c

for general $$\mathcal {A}$$
A
and show that this bound is tight for a large class of allele graphs. Our results generalize previous results for accessibility percolation on the biallelic hypercube, and compare favorably to published numerical results for multiallelic Hamming graphs.
Clinical effects of interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee block with multimodal analgesia for total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qiao Yongjie , Li Feng , Zhang Lvdan , Song Xiaoyang , Yu Xinyuan , Yang Wenbin , Zhou Shenghu , Zhang Haoqiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Combination of regional anaesthesia technique that is most effective in analgesia and postoperative functional outcome with the fewest complications needs investigation. Interspace between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee block (IPACK) has been introduced clinically. We evaluated the efficacy of IPACK in combination with other nerve blocks after total knee arthroplasty.

Methods
Data were obtained from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Sciencedirect. Studies that compared outcomes using IPACK combined with other regional nerve blocks after total knee arthroplasty with other analgesic modalities and those which used pain scores or opioid consumption as primary or secondary outcomes were included.

Results
Seventeen articles (20 trials, 1652 patients) were included. IPACK supplementation significantly reduced rest pain scores after total knee arthroplasty at postoperative hours 8–12(95%CI − 0.85 [− 1.36, − 0.34], I2 = 94%, p = 0.001), postoperative day 1 (95% CI − 0.49 [− 0.85, − 0.14], I2 = 87%, p = 0.006), and postoperative day 2 (95% CI − 0.28 [− 0.51, -0.05], I2 = 72%, p = 0.02); there was no significant difference at postoperative day 3 or discharge (95% CI − 0.14 [− 0.33, 0.05], I2 = 0%, p = 0.14). Combination treatment resulted in reduced dynamic pain scores at postoperative hours 8–12 (95%CI − 0.52 [− 0.92, − 0.12], I2 = 86%, p = 0.01) and postoperative day 1(95% CI − 0.49 [− 0.87, − 0.11], I2 = 88%, p = 0.01). There was no difference between postoperative day 2(95% CI − 0.29 [− 0.63, 0.05], I2 = 80%, p = 0.09), postoperative day 3 or discharge (95% CI − 0.45 [− 0.92, 0.02], I2 = 83%, p = 0.06). In addition, it strongly reduced postoperative opioid consumption within 24 H (95% CI − 0.76 [− 1.13, − 0.39], I2 = 85%, p < 0.00001), 24–48 H (95% CI − 0.43 [− 0.85, − 0.01], I2 = 83%, p = 0.04), and total opioid use (95% CI − 0.64 [− 1.07, − 0.22], I2 = 86%, p = 0.003). Although IPACK supplementation improved timed up and go test and walking distance at postoperative day 2, there was no statistically significant difference at other time periods or obvious improvement in knee range of motion and quadriceps strength. IPACK block supplementation could shorten the length of stay (LOS) (95% CI − 0.40 [− 0.64, − 0.15], I2 = 70%, p = 0.001) and improve patient satisfaction (95% CI 0.43 [0.01, 0.84], I2 = 87%, p = 0.04).

Conclusion
Based on these results, IPACK supplementation, in addition to standard postoperative analgesia, can be used effectively and safely to relieve early postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty.
Democratization, leader education and growth: firm-level evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Pelzl Paul , Poelhekke Steven 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDoes the economic success of democratization depend on newly elected leaders’ characteristics? We exploit the unique Indonesian democratization process, where districts exogenously democratized in different years. In a census of manufacturing plants, employment drops by 5% in districts that elect a non-college educated mayor, while employment stays constant under college graduates. Non-college educated mayors substantially raise taxation but provide less infrastructure, do not spend more on social programs, and are more often involved in corruption cases. Other leader attributes and district characteristics, as well as tests for pre-treatment trends, for selection on unobservables, and for close elections do not explain away the important role of leaders’ education in shaping local policies and growth.
Micropropagation and GC–MS analysis of bioactive compounds in bulbs and callus of white squill
Authors: El-Naggar Hany M. , Shehata Ashraf M. , Morsi Mennat-Allah A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMedicinal herbs are the main source of bioactive compounds used in the medical industry. White squill (Urginea maritima) is an important medicinal and ornamental plant cultivated in the Mediterranean region. This study reports an efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of Urginea and investigates important bioactive compounds present in the bulbs and in vitro–produced callus. The least number of days for callus induction and shoot regeneration was achieved with Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media supplemented with 1.0 mg L−1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) plus 0.1 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.0 mg L−1 NAA plus 0.4 mg L−1 BAP, respectively, while the highest number of shoots and fresh weight were obtained at medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L−1 NAA plus 0.5 mg L−1 BAP. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of Urginea bulb methanol extract showed the existence of important secondary metabolites, such as palmitic acid (C16H32O2), 9-hexadecenoic acid (C16H30O2), phthalic acid 2-ethylhexyl propyl ester (C19H28O4), tetradecanoic acid (C14H28O2), undecanoic acid (C11H22O2), and oleic acid (C18H34O2), in addition to other important compounds, such as 13-heptadecyn-1-ol, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, 2-methyl-1-hexadecanol, and octadecanoic acid. Callus methanol extracts showed a reduction in the percentages of most phyto-components compared to bulb extract except for oleic acid, 3-(octadecyloxy) propyl ester and 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid; on the other hand, some important compounds were detected only in callus extract possessing anti-cancer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects, such as farnesol (C15H26O), 7-methyl-Z-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (C17H32O2), ethyl iso-allocholate (C26H44O5), 4-trifluoroacetoxypentadecane (C17H31F3O2), and 2-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid (C16H32O3).
Coiled Polymer Artificial Muscles Having Dual-Mode Actuation with Large Stress Generation
Authors: Hu Xinghao , Liu Runmin , Zhao Kai , Wang Yilun , Bao Xianfu , Xu Lin , Cheng Guanggui , Ding Jianning 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCoiled polymer artificial muscles with both large tensile stroke and giant force generation are needed for practical applications in robotics, soft exosuits, and prosthesis. However, most polymer yarn artificial muscles cannot generate a large force or stress. Here, we report an inexpensive Twisted and Coiled Polymer artificial muscle (TCP) that performs both large isobaric and isometric contractions. This TCP can generate a tensile stroke of 20.1% and a specific work capacity of up to 1.3 kJ kg−1 during temperature changes from 20 to 180 °C. Moreover, the nylon yarn artificial muscle produced a reversible output stress of 28.4 MPa, which is 100 times larger than human skeletal muscle. A robot arm and a simple gripper were made to demonstrate the isobaric actuation and isometric actuation of our TCP muscle, repectivley. Thus, the polymer artificial muscles with dual-mode actuation show potential applications in the field of robotics, grippers, and exoskeletons and so on.
Experiences of adults with stroke attending a peer-led peer-support group
Authors: May Carmen , Bieber Katlyn , Chow Debbie , Mortenson W. Ben , Schmidt Julia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose:Peer-support groups for stroke survivors are often organized and facilitated by health authorities and disability related organizations within rehabilitation programs. However, the benefits of peer-led, peer-support groups have not yet been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to explore participants’ experiences in a community-based, peer-led, peer-support group for stroke survivors.Materials and Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed following constructivist grounded theory with 11 participants who attended a peer-led, peer-support group for people with stroke. The data were also complemented with one quantitative rating question regarding their experience attending the group.Results:Three themes were identified. Meeting unmet needs after stroke captured how the group was created by stroke survivors to address life in the community post-stroke. Buddies helping buddies highlighted that stroke recovery is a shared process at the group, where members help and encourage each other to contribute what they can. Creating authentic friendships revealed how people experienced social connection and developed relationships in the peer-led, peer-support group.Conclusions:Peer-led, peer-support groups may provide opportunities for stroke survivors to connect with like-minded people in their community to have fun while exploring their abilities.
The impact of the relaxation of the One-Child Policy on employment
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Yan Jingwen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper examines how number of siblings affects employment under the relaxation of the One-Child Policy in China. We explore the One-and-A-Half-Child Policy in 1980s and examine its long-term impact on siblings and employment. With the data from 2010–2018 China Family Panel Studies, we find that individuals tend to have a larger number of siblings and have a higher probability of working in the places where the One-and-A-Half-Child Policy was implemented earlier. Using the degree of the impact of this policy as an instrumental variable for number of siblings, we find that one more sibling would increase the likelihood of working by 9.0 percentage points and increase the likelihood of working in the non-agricultural sector by 5.1 percentage points. Females are more affected by the relaxation than males. We also discuss the major mechanisms through which siblings affect employment. We find that the care-sharing effect of siblings increases labor supply and the social network effect of siblings brings more job opportunities and increases employment. The One-and-A-Half-Child Policy improves the labor market outcomes through both the channel of sharing care and the channel of social network.
Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Adaptation of the Disaster Response Self- Efficacy Scale (DRSES)
Authors: Toraman Aynur Uysal , Korkmaz Ebru Konal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the ‘Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale (DRSES).’

Method:
This is a methodological study to validate the DRSES. Third and fourth grade nursing students participated in the study (n = 340). Construct validity was evaluated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Data were analyzed in SPSS 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and IBM SPSS AMOS 21.0. (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).

Results:
The content validity was 0.96, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.94, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was 0.95. The exploratory factor analysis revealed that 3 factors accounted for 59.4% of the explained variance. The factor loads ranged between 0.50 - 0.81. The construct validity was good (χ2/df = 2.54; RMSEA = 0.067; CFI = 0.93; NFI = 0.95; GFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.94; IFI = 0.92; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The results of this study show that the Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale is a valid and reliable tool that could be used to determine the nursing students’ disaster response self-efficacy.
Learning the spatiotemporal relationship between wind and significant wave height using deep learning
Authors: Obakrim Said , Monbet Valérie , Raillard Nicolas , Ailliot Pierre 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ocean wave climate has a significant impact on near-shore and off-shore human activities, and its characterization can help in the design of ocean structures such as wave energy converters and sea dikes. Therefore, engineers need long time series of ocean wave parameters. Numerical models are a valuable source of ocean wave data; however, they are computationally expensive. Consequently, statistical and data-driven approaches have gained increasing interest in recent decades. This work investigates the spatiotemporal relationship between North Atlantic wind and significant wave height (

$ {H}_s $

) at an off-shore location in the Bay of Biscay, using a two-stage deep learning model. The first step uses convolutional neural networks to extract the spatial features that contribute to

$ {H}_s $

. Then, long short-term memory is used to learn the long-term temporal dependencies between wind and waves.
Uniform approximation problems of expanding Markov maps
Authors: HE YUBIN , LIAO LINGMIN 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet
$ T:[0,1]\to [0,1] $
be an expanding Markov map with a finite partition. Let
$ \mu _\phi $
be the invariant Gibbs measure associated with a Hölder continuous potential
$ \phi $
. For
$ x\in [0,1] $
and
$ \kappa>0 $
, we investigate the size of the uniform approximation set
$$ \begin{align*}\mathcal U^\kappa(x):=\{y\in[0,1]:\text{ for all } N\gg1, \text{ there exists } n\le N, \text{ such that }|T^nx-y|<N^{-\kappa}\}.\end{align*} $$
The critical value of
$ \kappa $
such that
$ \operatorname {\mathrm {\dim _H}}\mathcal U^\kappa (x)=1 $
for
$ \mu _\phi $
-almost every (a.e.)
$ x $
is proven to be
$ 1/\alpha _{\max } $
, where
$ \alpha _{\max }=-\int \phi \,d\mu _{\max }/\int \log |T'|\,d\mu _{\max } $
and
$ \mu _{\max } $
is the Gibbs measure associated with the potential
$ -\log |T'| $
. Moreover, when
$ \kappa>1/\alpha _{\max } $
, we show that for
$ \mu _\phi $
-a.e.
$ x $
, the Hausdorff dimension of
$ \mathcal U^\kappa (x) $
agrees with the multifractal spectrum of
$ \mu _\phi $
.
A category-theoretic proof of the ergodic decomposition theorem
Authors: MOSS SEAN , PERRONE PAOLO 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ergodic decomposition theorem is a cornerstone result of dynamical systems and ergodic theory. It states that every invariant measure on a dynamical system is a mixture of ergodic ones. Here, we formulate and prove the theorem in terms of string diagrams, using the formalism of Markov categories. We recover the usual measure-theoretic statement by instantiating our result in the category of stochastic kernels. Along the way, we give a conceptual treatment of several concepts in the theory of deterministic and stochastic dynamical systems. In particular, ergodic measures appear very naturally as particular cones of deterministic morphisms (in the sense of Markov categories), and the invariant$\sigma $-algebra of a dynamical system can be seen as a colimit in the category of Markov kernels. In line with other uses of category theory, once the necessary structures are in place, our proof of the main theorem is much more intuitive than traditional approaches. In particular, it does not use any quantitative limiting arguments, and it does not rely on the cardinality of the group or monoid indexing the dynamics. We hope that this result paves the way for further applications of category theory to dynamical systems, ergodic theory, and information theory.
Food combination questionnaire for Japanese: relative validity regarding food and nutrient intake and overall diet quality against the 4-day weighed dietary record
Authors: Murakami Kentaro , Shinozaki Nana , Livingstone M. Barbara E. , Kimoto Nana , Masayasu Shizuko , Sasaki Satoshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relative validity of food and nutrient intakes and overall diet quality scores derived using a newly developed dietary assessment questionnaire (food combination questionnaire, FCQ). Dietary data were collected from 222 Japanese adults (111 for each sex) aged 30–76 years using the online FCQ and then the 4-non-consective-day weighed dietary record (DR). The median of Spearman correlation coefficients for sixteen food groups was 0⋅32 among women and 0⋅38 among men. The median of Pearson correlation coefficients for forty-six nutrients was 0⋅34 among women and 0⋅31 among men. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the total scores of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) derived from the DR and FCQ was 0⋅37 among women and 0⋅39 among men. The corresponding value for the Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3) total scores was 0⋅39 among women and 0⋅46 among men. Bland–Altman plots for these diet quality scores showed poor agreement at the individual level, although mean difference was small for the HEI-2015 (but not NRF9.3). Similar results were obtained using the paper version of FCQ, which was answered after conducting the DR, except for somewhat high Pearson correlation coefficients for the total scores of HEI-2015 (0⋅50 among both women and men) and NRF9.3 (0⋅37 among women and 0⋅53 among men). In conclusion, this analysis may lend support to the possible use of the FCQ as a rapid dietary assessment tool in large-scale epidemiologic studies in Japan, but further refinement of this tool should be pursued.