bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valorisation of prawn/shrimp shell waste through the production of biologically active components for functional food purposes
Authors: Tkaczewska Joanna , Kulawik Piotr , Jamróz Ewelina , Čagalj Martina , Matas Roberta Frleta , Šimat Vida 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of the work was to develop a technology for using waste from prawn and shrimp processing as a source of active ingredients that could be used in the promotion of healthy foods. From fresh and freeze‐dried prawn and shrimp shells, protein hydrolysates (carotenoproteins) were obtained using two different enzymes, Flavourzyme and Protamex.RESULTSThe obtained hydrolysates were characterised in terms of protein content, degree of hydrolysis, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The hydrolysate with the best antioxidant properties (FRAP value of 2933.33 μmol L−1 TE; ORAC value of 115.58 μmol L−1 TE) was selected and tested for its possible use as a component of functional foods. Molecular weight distribution, amino acid profile and free amino acids, the solubility of the hydrolysate in different pH ranges as well as foaming ability were determined. It was found that this hydrolysate was characterised by an amino acid profile with high nutritional value, flavour enhancement properties and excellent solubility in a wide pH range (from 97.06% to 100%). Afterward, the possibility of using carotenoproteins from prawn waste as a component of an emulsion with furcellaran and a lipid preparation of astaxanthin, taken from post‐hydrolysate production waste, was investigated. The obtained complexes were stable as proved by the measurement of zeta potential (ζ = −23.87 and −22.32 to −27.79 mV).CONCLUSIONIt is possible to produce stable complexes of the hydrolysate with furcellaran and to emulsify a lipid preparation of astaxanthin, obtained from waste following production of the hydrolysate, in them. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Transforming scholarly communications: The part played by the pandemic and the contribution of early career researchers
Authors: Nicholas David , Herman Eti , Boukacem‐Zeghmouri Cherifa , Rodríguez‐Bravo Blanca , Watkinson Anthony , Abrizah Abdullah , Świgoń Marzena , Xu Jie , Sims David , Serbina Galina , Clark David , Jamali Hamid. R. , Tenopir Carol , Allard Suzie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInvestigates whether junior researchers believe that the scholarly communication system is changing in a significant way, whether they have contributed to the changes they envisaged, whether the pandemic has fast‐forwarded change and what they thought a transformed system might look like. The data are drawn from the Harbingers‐2 project, which investigated the impact of the pandemic on the scholarly communications attitudes and behaviours of early career researchers (ECRs), employing repeat interviewing with around 170 science and social science junior researchers from eight countries. The article focuses on the findings of the last of three rounds of interviews, with comparisons made with the first round, held 18 months earlier, when the pandemic was most active. A majority of ECRs thought that there had been significant changes in the scholarly system, and a large minority thought that the pandemic was responsible. Most of them wanted a system that was more open in terms of open access and open data, with a third taking personal action to bring about change.
Enhancing journal reputation and academic socialization: Review feedback matters beyond its gatekeeping function
Authors: Jiang Xiaohua , Wang Di 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWithin the large body of literature on the peer review system for academic journals, there has been limited exploration of the latent functions of review feedback beyond its gatekeeping role. To address this gap, we conducted in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews with 20 Chinese university academics specializing in educational studies. By applying the conceptual frameworks of organizational reputation and academic socialization, we investigated the multifaceted functions of review feedback. Our findings suggest that timely, specific, and constructive feedback are highly valued by Chinese university academics, and journals that provide such review feedback are perceived to possess a higher reputation and are more likely to attract high‐quality submissions. Additionally, Chinese academics see the process of review and revision as a means of professional development since specific and constructive review feedback can lead them to deeper thinking and improve their knowledge of academic norms in their community. Therefore, we emphasize the importance of effective review feedback considering its function of fostering the socialization and professional development of academics while promoting the prosperity of the academic community as a whole.
Can the principle of the ‘right to be forgotten’ be applied to academic publishing? Probe from the perspective of personal rights, archival science, open science and post‐publication peer review
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. , Nazarovets Serhii 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we reflect on how the principle of the ‘right to be forgotten’ (RTBF), specifically the right to erasure as enshrined in Article 17 (and to some extent Art. 19 and Art. 21) of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR; Regulation (EU) 2016/679), or the right to delete undesirable, unflattering or reputation‐damaging archived records of oneself from search engines or databases, might apply to academic publishing. In particular, we focus on archival (library and information) science, post‐publication peer review, and reflect on whether RTBF is compatible with open science principles. Even though RTBF became enshrined in EU law in 2018, its trans‐Atlantic export to the United States faces resistance because it is seen as being incompatible with First Amendment rights. We ponder the pertinence of the debate regarding local versus global applicability of RTBF when considering the transnational nature of some collaborative research. Although RTBF applies broadly to search engines such as Google, we question whether authors have this right and also whether publishers are subjected to this law with respect to science databases, or even ‘local’ (i.e., publisher‐controlled) archives, especially in the light of retractions or withdrawals, in which data and files are removed from a preprint or journal's website or, in extreme cases, where all or most bibliometric information is scrubbed clean, as in the case of ‘silent retractions’. We extend our reflections further to appreciate whether authors or editors are entitled to RTBF in extreme instances of misconduct or fraud. The fundamental right to privacy and personal choice, as is suggested by (or enshrined in) RTBF, is not—in our view—compatible with several principles related to the integrity of data and information, or even their preservation, and may be diametrically opposed, depending on the situation. We encourage wider debate on this budding pertinent issue as a fundamental aspect of academic rights and freedoms.
Diverse and variable community structure of picophytoplankton across the Laurentian Great Lakes
Authors: Gale John , Sweeney Carey , Paver Sara , Coleman Maureen L. , Thompson Anne W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Laurentian Great Lakes provide economic support to millions of people, drive biogeochemical cycling, and are an important natural laboratory for characterizing the fundamental components of aquatic ecosystems. Small phytoplankton are important contributors to the food web in much of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Here, for the first time, we reveal and quantify eight phenotypically distinct picophytoplankton populations across the Lakes using a multilaser flow cytometry approach, which distinguishes cells based on their pigment phenotype. The distributions and diversity of picophytoplankton flow populations varied across lakes and depths, with Lake Erie standing out with the highest diversity. By sequencing sorted cells, we identified several distinct lineages of Synechococcales spanning Subclusters 5.2 and 5.3. Distinct genotypic clusters mapped to phenotypically similar flow populations, suggesting that there may not be a clear one‐to‐one mapping between genotypes and phenotypes. This suggests genome‐level differentiation between lakes but some degree of phenotypic convergence in pigment characteristics. Our results demonstrate that ecological selection for locally adapted populations may outpace homogenization by physical transport in this interconnected system. Given the reliance of the Lakes on in situ primary production as a source for organic carbon, this work sets the foundation to test how the community structure of small primary producers corresponds to biogeochemical and food web functions of the Great Lakes and other freshwater systems.
Lightwave‐Driven Long‐Wavelength Photomultipliers
Authors: Lange Simon J. , Buchmann Tobias O. , Sebek Matej , Welsch Malte L. , Kelleher Edmund J. R. , Kawai Naoya , Takahashi Hisanari , Katsuyama Kota , Jepsen Peter U. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA novel lightwave‐driven detector that combines photomultiplier tube (PMT) technology with structured metasurfaces is presented to enable efficient detection of long‐wavelength radiation in the mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) to terahertz (THz) range. This overcomes the limitations of conventional PMT technology, which cannot efficiently detect wavelengths longer than 1.7 m. The approach utilizes the long‐wavelength radiation's instantaneous electric field to facilitate field‐driven electron emission from metasurfaces, which allows it to cover the entire THz to mid‐IR range by geometric scaling. This enables a novel class of lightwave‐driven detectors with the benefits and performance characteristics known from the established PMT technology, such as fast response times and low noise, while expanding the operational wavelength range vastly. It is shown that the amount of field‐emitted electrons depends on the THz electric field in a highly nonlinear manner, generally following the Fowler–Nordheim relation. Furthermore, the THz‐PMT can determine specific lightwave characteristics of the incident field, including its peak field strength and absolute polarity, due to its sensitivity to the sign of the electric field. With a field sensitivity as low as a few kV cm−1, the THz‐PMTs provide a versatile tool for high sensitivity detection across various fields of interest in science and technology.
Curvature estimates for spacelike graphic hypersurfaces in Lorentz–Minkowski space R1n+1$\mathbb {R}^{n+1}_{1}$
Authors: Gao Ya , Li Jie , Mao Jing , Xie Zhiqi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we can obtain curvature estimates for spacelike admissible graphic hypersurfaces in the ‐dimensional Lorentz–Minkowski space , and through which the existence of spacelike admissible graphic hypersurfaces, with prescribed 2‐nd Weingarten curvature and Dirichlet boundary data, defined over a strictly convex domain in the hyperbolic plane of center at origin and radius 1, can be proven.
Improving consistency classification: An innovative benchmark‐based approach for the AHP
Authors: Bose Amarnath 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a cornerstone of multi‐criteria decision analysis, enabling well‐informed choices across diverse contexts. This paper introduces an original benchmark‐based framework designed to enhance the precision of consistency classification for pairwise comparison matrices (PCMs) within the AHP methodology. This innovative approach quantifies the discrepancy between a given PCM and its benchmark matrix, comprising comparison ratios that faithfully reflect the relative preferences encapsulated within principal eigenvector values, thereby capturing the true degree of coherence. To ensure benchmark alignment with human perception, elements of the benchmark PCM are further rounded to the nearest values on the Fundamental Scale. The potency of our framework derives from two pivotal factors: the inherent Priority Preference Range within the principal eigenvector and the order of the PCM. Statistical thresholds for consistency are established using a technique based on simulated, logical PCMs, proposed by Bose [2022]. This rigorous method ensures an unbiased, objective and pragmatic evaluation of consistency, eliminating the subjectivity inherent in arbitrary thresholds based on random PCMs. Our approach rectifies the inconsistencies in the conventional CR method that yields false positives for PCMs of orders 3 and 4, and false negatives for higher orders. By harnessing customized benchmarks and eschewing random matrices, our framework systematically confronts the inherent consistency challenges within AHP, thus enhancing its decision‐making capability. The practical utility of our approach is aptly demonstrated through AHPtools, an R‐based library package designed to showcase our novel consistency evaluation method. The demonstration of the package in Appendix B will facilitate readers to easily apply our methodology to real‐world PCM classification scenarios within the AHP. In conclusion, our benchmark‐based framework heralds a transformative era in consistency classification within the AHP, empowering real‐world multi‐criteria decision‐making with unprecedented precision and reliability, and ushering in a new paradigm of informed and astute outcomes.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets
Authors: Yang Jiaxing , Zhang Laiying , Qiao Wenliang , Luo Youfu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern in the 21st century, especially due to drug resistance, coinfection with diseases like immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and coronavirus disease 2019, and the lengthy and costly treatment protocols. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of TB infection, therapeutic targets, and corresponding modulators, including first‐line medications, current clinical trial drugs and molecules in preclinical assessment. Understanding the mechanisms ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) infection and important biological targets can lead to innovative treatments. While most antitubercular agents target pathogen‐related processes, host‐directed therapy (HDT) modalities addressing immune defense, survival mechanisms, and immunopathology also hold promise.Mtb’s adaptation to the human host involves manipulating host cellular mechanisms, and HDT aims to disrupt this manipulation to enhance treatment effectiveness. Our review provides valuable insights for future anti‐TB drug development efforts.
Complex reconstruction of the clavicle with a prefabricated medial femur condyle chimeric flap including a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap: A case report
Authors: Giesen Thomas , Costa Francesco , Fritsche Elmar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe medial femur condyle (MFC) cortico‐periosteal flap is a popular flap for bone reconstruction. The use of a chimeric version of this flap with a skin island has been described, but anatomical arterial variation can occur that prevent its harvest. Furthermore, the donor area of the skin paddle has been debated as poor because of the scarring in a visible area and because of the difficulty in obtaining pliable thin skin. We present a fabricated chimeric MFC cortico‐periosteal flap joined with a superficial inferior epigastric perforator (SCIP) flap to reconstruct and augment a sclerotic and insufficient small clavicula with the skin paddle acting as a monitor and as a substitute for the overlying skin. A 52‐year‐old female patient had a history of multiple refractures of the right hypoplastic clavicle with a diameter of 7 mm, resulting in a sclerotic bone with a fibrotic scar. The reconstruction was done in one surgical session using a cortico‐periosteal flap from the left medial condyle and a thin SCIP flap from the left groin. The area of the clavicle to be reconstructed was 3 cm, and the direct overlying skin (approximately 6 × 3 cm) was severely scarred and painful. The MFC flap was 5 × 4 cm, while the SCIP flap was 7 × 3.5 cm. The SCIP flap artery was anastomosed on the table end‐to‐side to the descending genicular (DG) artery of the MFC, and the vein was anastomosed end‐to‐end to a comitans vein of the DG artery. The flap fully survived after an initial congestion. At 12 months, we observed a satisfactory reconstruction of the clavicle with an enhanced diameter of 12 mm. The patient recovered full function of the shoulder with no pain. Using a fabricated chimeric flap composed of a medial femoral condyle and a superficial circumflex artery perforator flap may be an additional option for tailored reconstruction of complex osteo‐cutaneous defect of clavicle.
Urolithin A Protects Neuronal Cells against Stress Damage and Apoptosis by Atp2a3 Inhibition
Authors: Xiao Yao , Li Kailin , Bian Ji , Zhang Yao , Li Jia , Liu Hang , Ye Yingzhi , Han Lin , Gong Lan , Wang Min 
Published: September 2023

ScopeThis study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of Urolithin A (UA) on neuronal stress damage on cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse model induced by high‐fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ).Methods and resultsT2DM mice fed with UA display an attenuated cognitive impairment along with suppressed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Tau hyperphosphorylation in brain. Similar restraint effect of UA on Tau hyperphosphorylation and ER stress is also observed in high glucose‐treated primary hippocampal neurons. Moreover, UA ameliorates oxidative stress, ER stress, aberrant energy metabolism, and apoptosis in 2,3‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (DMNQ) induced HT22 cells. Atp2a3 is identified as a potential target gene of UA which is closely related to intracellular calcium homeostasis, ER stress, and apoptosis, so that UA significantly down‐regulated Atp2a3 expression in DMNQ‐induced cells. Furthermore, the protection effect of UA against ER stress and apoptosis is abolished by Atp2a3 over‐expression in HT22 cells. Taken together, these data suggest that UA performs anti‐stress effect by suppressing the expression of Atp2a3 in damaged neuronal cells and thus attenuates diabetes‐associated cognitive impairment in T2DM mice.ConclusionThe study implies UA as a potential novel pharmaceutic target for neurodegeneration and stress damage through regulating the expression of Atp2a3.
Contrast‐agent‐based perfusion MRI code repository and testing framework: ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI)
Authors: van Houdt Petra J , Ragunathan Sudarshan , Berks Michael , Ahmed Zaki , Kershaw Lucy E , Gurney‐Champion Oliver J , Tadimalla Sirisha , Arvidsson Jonathan , Sun Yu , Kallehauge Jesper , Dickie Ben , Lévy Simon , Bell Laura , Sourbron Steven , Thrippleton Michael J ,   on behalf of the ISMRM Perfusion Study Group
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeSoftware has a substantial impact on quantitative perfusion MRI values. The lack of generally accepted implementations, code sharing and transparent testing reduces reproducibility, hindering the use of perfusion MRI in clinical trials. To address these issues, the ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI) aimed to establish a community‐led, centralized repository for sharing open‐source code for processing contrast‐based perfusion imaging, incorporating an open‐source testing framework.MethodsA repository was established on the OSIPI GitHub website. Python was chosen as the target software language. Calls for code contributions were made to OSIPI members, the ISMRM Perfusion Study Group, and publicly via OSIPI websites. An automated unit‐testing framework was implemented to evaluate the output of code contributions, including visual representation of the results.ResultsThe repository hosts 86 implementations of perfusion processing steps contributed by 12 individuals or teams. These cover all core aspects of DCE‐ and DSC‐MRI processing, including multiple implementations of the same functionality. Tests were developed for 52 implementations, covering five analysis steps. For T1 mapping, signal‐to‐concentration conversion and population AIF functions, different implementations resulted in near‐identical output values. For the five pharmacokinetic models tested (Tofts, extended Tofts‐Kety, Patlak, two‐compartment exchange, and two‐compartment uptake), differences in output parameters were observed between contributions.ConclusionsThe OSIPI DCE‐DSC code repository represents a novel community‐led model for code sharing and testing. The repository facilitates the re‐use of existing code and the benchmarking of new code, promoting enhanced reproducibility in quantitative perfusion imaging.
Improved reproducibility for myocardial ASL: Impact of physiological and acquisition parameters
Authors: Božić‐Iven Maša , Rapacchi Stanislas , Tao Qian , Pierce Iain , Thornton George , Nitsche Christian , Treibel Thomas A. , Schad Lothar R. , Weingärtner Sebastian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate and mitigate the influence of physiological and acquisition‐related parameters on myocardial blood flow (MBF) measurements obtained with myocardial Arterial Spin Labeling (myoASL).MethodsA Flow‐sensitive Alternating Inversion Recovery (FAIR) myoASL sequence with bSSFP and spoiled GRE (spGRE) readout is investigated for MBF quantification. Bloch‐equation simulations and phantom experiments were performed to evaluate how variations in acquisition flip angle (FA), acquisition matrix size (AMS), heart rate (HR) and blood relaxation time () affect quantification of myoASL‐MBF. In vivo myoASL‐images were acquired in nine healthy subjects. A corrected MBF quantification approach was proposed based on subject‐specific values and, for spGRE imaging, subtracting an additional saturation‐prepared baseline from the original baseline signal.ResultsSimulated and phantom experiments showed a strong dependence on AMS and FA (>0.73), which was eliminated in simulations and alleviated in phantom experiments using the proposed saturation‐baseline correction in spGRE. Only a very mild HR dependence (>0.59) was observed which was reduced when calculating MBF with individual . For corrected spGRE, in vivo mean global spGRE‐MBF ranged from 0.54 to 2.59 mL/g/min and was in agreement with previously reported values. Compared to uncorrected spGRE, the intra‐subject variability within a measurement (0.60 mL/g/min), between measurements (0.45 mL/g/min), as well as the inter‐subject variability (1.29 mL/g/min) were improved by up to 40% and were comparable with conventional bSSFP.ConclusionOur results show that physiological and acquisition‐related factors can lead to spurious changes in myoASL‐MBF if not accounted for. Using individual and a saturation‐baseline can reduce these variations in spGRE and improve reproducibility of FAIR‐myoASL against acquisition parameters.
Evidence‐Based Medicine in Otolaryngology Part 16: Qualitative and Quantitative Methods—Contrasting and Complementary Approaches
Authors: Ikeda Allison K. , Suarez‐Goris Dany , Reich Amanda J. , Pattisapu Prasanth , Raol Nikhila P. , Randolph Gregory W. , Shin Jennifer J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQualitative methods have been increasingly applied in our literature, providing richness to data and incorporating the nuances of patient and family perspectives. These qualitative research techniques provide breadth and depth beyond what can be gleaned through quantitative methods alone. When both quantitative and qualitative approaches are coupled, their findings provide complementary information which can further substantiate study conclusions. We thus aim to provide insight into qualitative and quantitative methods in comparison and contrast to each other, as well as guidance on when each approach is most apt. In relation, we also describe mixed methods and the theory supporting their framework. In doing so, we provide the foundation for an ensuing, more detailed exposition of qualitative methods.