bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide in Chinese myths and legends—Some familiar themes
Authors: Pridmore Saxby , English Helen J , Pridmore William , Naguy Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Aim To expand our understanding of suicide by examining reports of this behavior from the Chinese mythical era (commencing circa 1200 BCE) and drawing comparisons with subsequent eras. Method Four hundred recently published accounts of Chinese myths and folk tales were examined, along with supplementary material. Lists were created including one focused on attempted suicide and another on completed suicide. Comparisons were drawn with the suicide of a later era China and the current west. Results No evidence was located of suicide resulting from mental disorder. Six accounts of attempted suicide and 13 of completed suicide were located. Triggers included the death of a loved one, the loss of a valued possession, complicated relationships, and the avoidance of guilt and disgrace. These accord with current western behavior. Conclusion There is at least fair agreement in the triggers of suicide in past eras in China and the current western era. This supports the view that suicide may be, in some instances, a customary response to circumstances.
Inclusion body myositis triggerred with long-term imatinib use
Authors: Deniz Rabia , Güzelbey Tevfik , Narinoğlu Sanem , Şirin Kalem Gizem , Ekmen Şevket Ali , Gündoğdu Ünverengil Gökçen , Karaali Zeynep 
Published: April 2023

Introduction Imatinib is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor with wide clinical use in different indications from solid tumors to hematologic malignancies. Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is an acquired myopathy of both inflammatory and degenerative nature. Case report We present an 81 years old male with a history of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) operated 8 years ago and was evaluated for the progressive loss of weight and muscle strength leading to total immobilization in 6 months. He was under imatinib for 8 years despite the remission of GIST. Physical examination disclosed diffuse loss of muscle strength, most prominently involvement of distal upper and proximal lower extremity in an asymmetrical pattern with normal serum creatinine kinase level (CK). Further investigations including bilateral thigh MRI, electromyography (EMG), and PET/CT suggested myositis and degenerative myopathy and ruled out any malignancy. Quadriceps femoris biopsy proved the diagnosis of IBM and no trigger except for imatinib was displayed. Management and outcome Clinical improvement in terms of weight loss and muscle weakness was achieved after the discontinuation of imatinib. Discussion This is the first case of IBM associated with prolonged use of imatinib not reported in the literature so far. Since imatinib is widely used in different conditions, it is important to be aware of even its rare adverse effects. Poor response of IBM to conventional immunosuppressive agents enhances the value of etiology identification to relieve symptoms in addition to supportive care.
The Relation Between Classroom Setting and ADHD Behavior in Children With ADHD Compared to Typically Developing Peers
Authors: Staff Anouck I. , Oosterlaan Jaap , van der Oord Saskia , van den Hoofdakker Barbara J. , Luman Marjolein 
Published: April 2023

Objective: More knowledge on the impact of classroom setting on behavior of children with ADHD may help us to better adjust classroom settings to the needs of this group. Method: We observed ADHD behaviors of 55 children with ADHD and 34 typically developing peers (6–12 years) during classroom transitions, group lessons, and individual seatwork. Results: Multivariate analyses revealed that levels of motor and verbal hyperactivity increased during classroom transitions compared to group lessons and individual seatwork. Children in the ADHD group were more off-task, across settings. There were no interactions between group and setting. Conclusions: Children with ADHD were similarly affected by classroom setting compared to typically developing peers, despite being more off-task across settings. Further research into whether the observed increase in hyperactivity during classroom transitions may be problematic or possibly even beneficial for children with ADHD is recommended.
Medication Non-Adherence and Tolerance Breaks Among Adolescents and Young Adults With ADHD
Authors: Barnard-Brak Lucy , Marques Allie , Kudesey Carolina 
Published: April 2023

Objective: We examine what variables were associated with increased medication non-adherence for adolescents and young adults with ADHD. Method: These variables included sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, age, race, and ethnicity but also included self-reported reasons for medication non-adherence as well as the type of and degree of self-reported side effects or adverse events. Results: The following variables were statistically significant predictors of medication non-adherence: being White; forgetting to take the medication; not liking the feeling; and desiring a tolerance break from the medication. Conclucion: Tolerance breaks appear to be a novel, self-reported reason for medication non-adherence that emerged among adolescents and young adults with ADHD. Tolerance breaks appear to be relatively common, with one in five adolescents and young adults with ADHD reporting this reason for non-adherence. Future research should further investigate tolerance breaks as a reason for medication non-adherence among adolescents and young adults with ADHD.
VEGF levels in the aqueous humor of patients with primary open angle glaucoma: A systematic review and a meta-analysis
Authors: Dimtsas Georgios S. , Tsiogka Anastasia , Moschos Marilita M. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose To compare the VEGF levels in the aqueous humor of patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and non-glaucomatous eyes and reveal any potential statistically significant correlations. Methods We searched PubMed, from inception to December 31, 2021. Key search terms included VEGF and Glaucoma. All relevant studies that evaluated the VEGF levels in patients with POAG and in the control group were included in this systematic review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies (PRISMA-DTA) guidelines were followed. Data were extracted independently by 2 authors. Heterogeneity was statistically quantified by Q, H, and I2 statistics, and a meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model. Results Seven cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. 144 eyes were enrolled in the POAG group and 162 eyes in the control group. The random effect model showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (SMD =0.284, 95% CI = -0.173 to 0.741; P = 0.223), but we noticed a trend towards elevated VEGF levels in the aqueous humor of POAG patients. Significant heterogeneity was detected ( I2 = 74.1%, P = 0.001). Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates a trend towards elevated VEGF-A levels in the aqueous humor of patients with POAG and suggests a potential neuroprotective role of VEGF in patients with POAG. Future studies are required to evaluate the exact role of VEGF in POAG.
Incidence and its risk factors of high myopia in Chinese rural adults: A population-based six-year cohort study
Authors: Cao Kai , Hao Jie , Wang Ning-Li 
Published: April 2023

Background To investigate the incidence rate of high myopia and its risk factors in adults. Methods This was a population-based cohort study, 4582 adults aged ≥ 30 years from rural area of China were included. The follow-up duration was six years. Objective refraction (sphere, cylinder, and axis) was measured using an autorefractor. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors of high myopia, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported. Results During the six-year follow-up, 25 participants developed high myopia. The incidence rate was 0.55% (95%CI: 0.44% to 0.66%), and were 0.54% (11/2035) in males and 0.55% (14/2547) in females. The age-gender standardized annual incidence rate was 0.11%. The median changes in spherical equivalent (SE) of all participants was 0.25D (IQR: −0.125 to 0.625). For the baseline myopic adults and non-myopic adults, the median changes in SE were 0.125D (IQR: −0.375 to 0.5), and 0.25D (IQR: −0.125 to 0.625). The difference was significant (p < 0.001). Of the two subgroups, 1.52% (21/1383) and 0.13% (4/3199) developed high myopia during six years. The risk of developing high myopia in baseline myopic adults was 11.7 times higher than that of the baseline non-myopic adults ( p < 0.001). Age (OR = 1.061, 95%CI: 1.022 to 1.103, p = 0.002), and baseline myopia (OR = 1.007, 95%CI: 1.001 to 1.012, p < 0.001) were risk factors for high myopia. Conclusion The age-gender standardized annual incidence rate of high myopia in Chinese rural adults is 0.11%. More than 30% of adults still have myopia progression. Myopia control is of great significance for high myopia prevention.
Clinical and multimodal imaging findings in a case of serous maculopathy with absence of retinal pigment epithelium (SMARPE)
Authors: Oribio-Quinto Carlos , Herranz-Heras Juan Carlos , Burgos-Blasco Bárbara , Alarcon-Garcia Antonio Domingo , Fernández-Vigo José Ignacio 
Published: April 2023

Introduction The differential diagnosis for serous SRF can involve diseases with widely different pathogenic mechanisms that can range from vascular ocular diseases to ocular tumours and paraneoplastic syndromes. Recently, van Dijk et al. have described in three patients a new entity which they have called serous maculopathy with an absence of retinal pigment epithelium (SMARPE). We hereby describe a case of this infrequent macular disease and report its characteristic findings on multimodal imaging. Case description We present the case of a 65-year-old hyperopic woman with a three-year history of visual acuity (VA) loss in her left eye. Prior optical coherence tomography (OCT) had revealed the presence of serous subretinal fluid that had shown no response to treatment with intravitreal injections. On swept source OCT angiography scan, no macular alterations in the retinal vascular plexus structure were noted and there was no evidence of choroidal neovascularization. Ultra-widefield fluorescence angiography of the left eye revealed an early hyperfluorescent macular spot corresponding to the area of absent RPE and late fluorescein pooling. On ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography there were no central or peripheral abnormalities of choroidal vascularization. Conclusion This recently described entity should be considered as a differential diagnosis in persistent serous subretinal fluid. Multimodal imaging helps differentiate SMARPE from its main differential diagnoses, and care should be taken to identify and differentiate it from similar conditions to avoid unnecessary treatment with its possible side effects and complications.
The effectiveness of hydrotherapy on return to play in sports following hip arthroscopic surgery: a comparative study
Authors: Dimitrakopoulou Alexandra , English Bryan , Kartsonaki Christiana , Gledhill Adam , Schilders Ernest 
Published: April 2023

Background: The postoperative management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is variable with favourable surgical outcomes. Yet there is no evidence on the efficacy of hydrotherapy in athletes undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role and the impact of hydrotherapy on return to sports following hip arthroscopy for symptomatic FAI. Methods: 2 cohorts of mixed level of athletes from various sports: a hydrotherapy group that followed land-based exercises in combination with hydrotherapy exercises and a control group that followed solely the same land-based exercises. Pre- and postoperative pain and hip-specific outcome scores were completed, and patient satisfaction was rated. Results: A total of 88 hip arthroscopies were included with a minimum of 2 years follow-up; the hydrotherapy group comprised of 36 hips and the control group, 52 hips. There was a significant improvement in time to return to previous performance (HR 1.91, 95% CI, 1.21–3.01; p = 0.005) in the hydrotherapy group compared with the control. The hip-specific scores and patient satisfaction were considerably improved in the hydrotherapy group. Conclusions: The analysis of our data indicates that the incorporation of hydrotherapy into postoperative rehabilitation for hip arthroscopy for FAI accelerates the return of athletes to their pre-injury performance, since recovery time decreased significantly.
The role of knowledge, primary care and community engagement to improve breast-screening access for Pakistani women in the United Kingdom: A secondary analysis of a qualitative study
Authors: Khattak Hooran M , Woof Victoria G , French David P , Donnelly Louise S , Ruane Helen , Ulph Fiona , Qureshi Nadeem , Khan Nasaim , Evans D Gareth , Robb Kathryn A 
Published: April 2023

Objective Breast cancer incidence is rising among Pakistani women in the United Kingdom. However, uptake of breast screening remains low. This study aimed to improve access to breast screening for British-Pakistani women by exploring their knowledge of breast cancer and the role of primary care and community networks to support screening access amongst British-Pakistani women. Methods We undertook a secondary qualitative analysis of 18 semi-structured interviews with British-Pakistani women from East Lancashire in the United Kingdom. Anonymized transcripts of the interviews were used for a thematic analysis. Results Three themes were identified in the interviewees’ responses: (i) ‘Women’s knowledge of breasts and breast cancer’, which described how a cultural taboo exists around Pakistani women’s bodies and around breast cancer; (ii) ‘Role of primary care’, which detailed how General Practitioners can support informed decisions and offer a trusted and valued information source; (iii) ‘Community engagement’, which described the potential to disseminate breast-screening information through the whole community, including primary care providers, all family members and mosques. Conclusions Our analysis suggested three main targets for future interventions to improve access to breast screening for British-Pakistani women: (i) co-produced strategies to increase knowledge of breasts and breast screening; (ii) greater collaboration with local General Practitioners to support women to make informed choices about screening; and (iii) community engagement involving General Practitioners and community leaders, to inform everyone – not just screening-age women – about breast cancer and screening.
Walking Outcome After Traumatic Paraplegic Spinal Cord Injury: The Function of Which Myotomes Makes a Difference?
Authors: Cathomen Adrian , Maier Doris , Kriz Jiri , Abel Rainer , Röhrich Frank , Baumberger Michael , Scivoletto Giorgio , Weidner Norbert , Rupp Rüdiger , Jutzeler Catherine R. , Steeves John D. ,   EMSCI study group, Curt Armin , Bolliger Marc 
Published: April 2023

Background Accurate prediction of walking function after a traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is crucial for an appropriate tailoring and application of therapeutical interventions. Long-term outcome of ambulation is strongly related to residual muscle function acutely after injury and its recovery potential. The identification of the underlying determinants of ambulation, however, remains a challenging task in SCI, a neurological disorder presented with heterogeneous clinical manifestations and recovery trajectories. Objectives Stratification of walking function and determination of its most relevant underlying muscle functions based on stratified homogeneous patient subgroups. Methods Data from individuals with paraplegic SCI were used to develop a prediction-based stratification model, applying unbiased recursive partitioning conditional inference tree (URP–CTREE). The primary outcome was the 6-minute walk test at 6 months after injury. Standardized neurological assessments ≤15 days after injury were chosen as predictors. Resulting subgroups were incorporated into a subsequent node-specific analysis to attribute the role of individual lower extremity myotomes for the prognosis of walking function. Results Using URP–CTREE, the study group of 361 SCI patients was divided into 8 homogeneous subgroups. The node specific analysis uncovered that proximal myotomes L2 and L3 were driving factors for the differentiation between walkers and non-walkers. Distal myotomes L4–S1 were revealed to be responsible for the prognostic distinction of indoor and outdoor walkers (with and without aids). Conclusion Stratification of a heterogeneous population with paraplegic SCI into more homogeneous subgroups, combined with the identification of underlying muscle functions prospectively determining the walking outcome, enable potential benefit for application in clinical trials and practice.
Evaluation of Brown Micro-Algae Synergies With Low Doseγ-Radiation Against Chronic Hepatitis Induced by D-Galactosamine in Rats
Authors: Elsaman Salma , Elsonbaty Sawsan M. , Moawed Fatma S. M. , Hegazy Marwa G. A. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionHepatic inflammation is considered key driver of hepatic tissue impairment.We aimed to explore the interaction of Halamphora coffeaeformis ( Amph.) with low dose ionizing γ radiation ( γR) exposure against D-galactosamine (D-GaIN)-induced chronic hepatitis in Albino rats.MethodsChronic hepatitis was induced with single dose of D-GalN (400 mg/kg BW i.p.). Rats received 400 mg Amph/kg BW daily by gastric gavage concomitant with .25 Gy γ-R. Liver oxidative stress and inflammatory status were assessed. Gene expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB) were estimated by q-PCR. D-Galactosamine injection significantly encouraged hepatic oxidative damage and inflammatory disturbance accompanied with improved intercellular adhesion molecule-1 level (ICAM-1).Resultsmessenger RNA gene expression levels of STAT3 and NF-kB were expressively higher in D-GaIN-treated animals. Histopathological examination supported results. Interestingly, Amph treatment with γ-radiation ( γ-R) subjection displayed significant improvement of oxidative and inflammatory status along with controlled signaling molecular factors which was supported by amended histological structure of induced liver hepatitis.ConclusionResults conclude the efficacious control of liver hepatitis progression by dual collaboration of Amph. with low dose γ-R via control of vital growth signaling factors linked with inflammation thru anti-inflammation, antioxidative and anti-proliferative activities.
Outcome prediction prior to thrombectomy of the posterior circulation with machine learning
Authors: Feyen Ludger , Rohde Stefan , weinzierl Martin , Katoh Marcus , Haage Patrick , Münnich Nico , Kniep Helge 
Published: April 2023

Purpose Various studies have identified prognostic factors for a favorable outcome of endovascular treatment in posterior circulation. We evaluated various machine learning algorithms in their ability to classify between patients with favorable (defined as 0–2 points on the modified Rankin scale [mRS]), unfavorable (mRS 3–6), poor (mRS 5–6), and nonpoor (mRS 0–4) outcomes at dismissal. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 415 patients that were treated between 2018 and 2021 from the multicentric DGNR registry. Five models (random forest, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, neural network [NN], and generalized linear model [GLM]) were trained with clinical input variables and evaluated with a test dataset of 82 patients. The model with the highest accuracy on the training dataset was defined as the best model. Results A total of 132 patients showed poor and 162 patients showed favorable outcome. All baseline variables except sex were highly significantly different between patients with favorable and unfavorable outcomes. The variables NIHSS, the presence of wake-up stroke, the administration of IV-thrombolysis and mRS pretreatment were significantly different between patients with poor and nonpoor outcomes. The best-performing NN achieved a sensitivity of 0.56, a specificity of 0.86 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77 on the test dataset in the classification analysis between favorable and unfavorable outcomes. The best-performing GLM achieved a sensitivity of 0.65, a specificity of 0.91 and an AUC of 0.81 in the classification analysis between poor and nonpoor outcomes. Conclusion Short-term favorable and poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke of the posterior circulation can be predicted prior to thrombectomy with moderate sensitivity and high specificity with machine learning models.
Prevalence and Impact of BK Polyomavirus in the Ureters of Kidney Donors: Research Letter
Authors: Chagnon Sarah-Jane , Zhao Yangfan , Lamontagne Bruno , Royal Virginie , Lamarche Caroline 
Published: April 2023

Background: More than 75% of the population is seropositive for BK polyomavirus (BKV), which remains quiescent in the urothelium in immunocompetent hosts. However, it can reactivate in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), and up to 30% of them will develop BKV viremia in the 2 years following transplant, with a risk of developing BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN). Viral reactivation is associated with the level of immunosuppression, but there is currently no way to predict which patients are at high risk for reactivation. Objective: As BKV originates from kidney donors, our primary objective was to determine the prevalence of detectable BKV in donor ureters. Our secondary objective was to see if there is a correlation between the presence of BKV in donor urothelium and the development of BKV viremia and BKVAN in KTR. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Single-center academic kidney transplant program. Patients: Prospective sequential KTRs that received a kidney transplant between March 2016 and March 2017. Measurements: The presence of BKV in donor ureters was determined by TaqMan-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR; qPCR). Methods: We performed a prospective study which was done on 35 out of the 100 donors initially foreseen to take part in the study. During surgery, the distal part of donor ureter was kept and analyzed by qPCR (to establish the presence of BKV in the urothelium). The primary outcome was the development of BKV viremia in KTR over a period of 2 years after transplant. Secondary outcome was the development of BKVAN. Results: Out of 35 ureters analyzed, only one had a positive qPCR for BKV (2.86%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.07-14.92]). Considering the primary objective would not be met, the study was interrupted after 35 specimens. After surgery, 9 recipients had a slow graft function and 4 had delayed graft function, one of which never recovered graft function. Over the 2-year follow-up, 13 patients developed BKV viremia, while 5 patients developed BKVAN. The patient who received a graft from a positive qPCR donor eventually developed BKV viremia and nephropathy. Limitations: The specimen analyzed was a distal rather than a proximal portion of the ureter. However, BKV replication is known to concentrate in the corticomedullary junction. Conclusion: BK polyomavirus prevalence in the distal part of donor ureters is lower than previously reported. It cannot be used as a predictor for the development of BKV reactivation and/or nephropathy.