bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Why Did They Migrate Here’?: A Qualitative Descriptive Study Exploring Nurses' Motivations for Migration and Regional Relocation
Authors: Villamin Princess , Lopez Violeta , Thapa Deependra Kaji , Cleary Michelle 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo explore migrant nurses' intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for migration and regional relocation.DesignA qualitative descriptive study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted among 17 migrant nurses working in a hospital in regional Australia. Inclusion criteria were current employment as a nurse at the study site, obtaining an initial nursing qualification in a different country, and migrating to regional Australia within the last 7 years. Data were analysed using a thematic approach, informed by the self‐determination theory.ResultsOne overarching theme, seeking meaningful endeavours, was identified, with subthemes: pride in nursing, duty to family and personal satisfaction. Extrinsic motivations included financial responsibilities, visa security, professional nursing recognition and fulfilment, filial piety, family unification and overall safety and lifestyle, whereas intrinsic motivations included being a nurse and travelling.ConclusionNurses' motivations for migration are complex and driven by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Extrinsic motivations may lead to self‐endorsed behaviour (autonomous motivation) if they align with personal goals or values, such as family importance or regard for one's profession. All intrinsic motivations also lead to autonomous motivation, linked to well‐being and workplace retention.Implications for the ProfessionThis study's findings may inform organisations in source and host countries to design work conditions that foster retention. Source countries can use these insights to address the professional limitations experienced by their nurses. Host countries may design targeted strategies that promote autonomous motivation among migrant nurses, thereby enhancing job satisfaction, well‐being and retention.ImpactThis study provides insight into experiences contributing to migrant nurses' relocation decisions. Practising within the scope of their professional training, performing their duties in a fulfilling way, and meeting their family obligations through reasonable pay or benefits may support nurses in remaining autonomously motivated.Reporting MethodCOREQ reporting was adhered to.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Conditioning a collective avoidance response in rummy‐nose tetra
Authors: Lecheval Valentin , Theraulaz Guy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEscape waves in animal groups, such as bird flocks and fish schools, have attracted a lot of attention, as they provide the opportunity to better understand how information can efficiently propagate in moving groups, and how individuals can coordinate their actions under the threat of predators. There is a lack of appropriate experimental protocols to study escape waves in highly social fish, in which the number of individuals initiating the escape and the identity of the initiators are controlled. Indeed, highly social fish or obligate schoolers have a tendency to not respond well or to freeze when tested in experimental setups designed for single individuals. In this manuscript, we report the results of a pilot experiment with limited sample size using an aversive conditioning protocol to trigger a collective escape response to a green light in a group of rummy‐nose tetra (Hemigrammus rhodostomus). Our experimental results suggest that aversive conditioning can (i) be successfully used in this schooling species, (ii) trigger collective escape responses, and (iii) be transferred from the training setup to a new environment. We also introduce metrics to characterize learning and forgetting at group level. These results nurture promising future empirical research on the cognitive and behavioral mechanisms of escape responses in schools of fish, both at the individual and collective scales.
Probabilistic Flood Hazard Assessment for Multiple Flood and Levee Breaching Scenarios: A Case Study of Etobicoke Creek, Canada
Authors: Mainguenaud Florence , Khan Usman T. , Peyras Laurent , Carvajal Claudio , Beullac Bruno , Sharma Jitendra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFlood hazard assessment is crucial to mitigate the risks associated with flooding. Integrating levee failure scenarios into these assessments should improve the evaluation of flood risks and enhance the resilience of communities and infrastructure. This research presents a probabilistic flood hazard approach to assess levee failure and its impact on flood hazard. Our method includes a comprehensive assessment of backward erosion and overflowing failure mechanisms, integrated within a 1D/2D hydraulic model that simulates flood propagation and levee breaching. We calculate the cumulative probability of flood depth and velocity considering various scenarios, taking into account levee failure breaching for various failure mechanisms and several flood intensities. We apply the method to a residential area along Etobicoke Creek in Ontario, Canada. The results highlight which levee segment has the most impact on flood hazard, emphasizing the importance of incorporating levee failure scenarios in flood hazard assessments. The cumulative probability curve provides a more holistic result in locating the most hazardous areas rather than considering one return period or one failure mechanism. It can be expended to every location of the protected area, allowing for the creation of a probabilistic map for a desired probability.
Thyromimetics and MASLD: Unveiling the Novel Molecules Beyond Resmetirom
Authors: Ezhilarasan Devaraj 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundResmetirom, the first FDA‐approved drug for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with fibrosis in obese patients, when combined with lifestyle modifications, improves NASH resolution and reduces fibrosis by at least one stage. Low thyroid hormone (T3) levels are linked to a higher risk of developing metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Epidemiological studies have confirmed the positive correlation between hypothyroidism and MASLD. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of T3 signaling pathways in MASLD will enhance the prospects of identifying effective and specific targets. Therefore, this review discusses the significant role of thyroid hormones in the homeostasis of fat metabolism and describes the possible molecular mechanisms of thyromimetics in the treatment of MASLD.MethodsA comprehensive search in PubMed and EMBASE was conducted using the keywords “thyromimetics and liver diseases,” “thyroid hormone and liver diseases,” “hypothyroidism and liver diseases,” “T3, T4 and liver disease,” and “resmetirom and liver disease.” Relevant papers published before October 2024 were included.ResultsT3 treatment enhances mitochondrial respiration, biogenesis, β‐oxidation, and mitophagy, reducing liver lipid accumulation. However, T3 treatment causes cardiotoxicity through thyroid hormone receptor (THR)α agonistic activity. To address this, molecules with high THRβ agonistic but lower THRα activity have been developed. Besides resmetirom, other THRβ agonists like TG68, CS27109, MB07811, and KB‐141 show promising results in experimental studies. These molecules upregulate THRβ target genes, activate genes for fatty acid β‐oxidation in mitochondria and fatty acid breakdown in peroxisomes, downregulate the genes involved in de novo lipogenesis, reduce inflammation by downregulating NF‐κB/JNK/STAT3 signaling pathways, and accelerate fibrosis resolution by downregulating the expressions of fibrosis marker genes in NASH liver tissue.ConclusionFuture clinical studies should thoroughly investigate THRβ agonists, including TG68, CS27109, MB07811, and KB‐141.
Cost Effectiveness of Colorectal Cancer Screening Strategies in Middle‐ and High‐Income Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Li Yuxuan , Xia Ruyi , Si Wenwen , Zhang Wendi , Zhang Yunbo , Zhuang Guihua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimColorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health burden, and screening can greatly reduce CRC incidence and mortality. Previous studies investigated the economic effects of CRC screening. We performed a systematic review to provide the cost‐effectiveness of CRC screening strategies across countries with different income levels.MethodsWe searched relevant scientific databases (PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus) from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2023. We selected English‐language studies related to model‐based economic evaluations of CRC screening strategies. Information such as the characters of screening tests, model characteristics, and key cost‐effectiveness findings were collected. The net monetary benefit approach was used to compare the outcomes of various strategies.ResultsA total of 56 studies were identified, including 46 from high‐income countries (HICs), 6 from upper‐middle‐income countries (UMICs), and 4 from lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs). Most annual fecal occult blood tests and fecal immunochemical tests were cost‐saving, and colonoscopy every 10 years was cost‐saving. Other strategies involving multitarget fecal FIT‐DNA detection, computed tomography colonography, and flexible sigmoidoscopy were cost‐effective compared with no screening. Newer strategies such as magnetic resonance colonography every 5 years, annual urine metabolomic tests, and fecal bacterial biomarkers were cost‐effective compared with no screening.ConclusionIn our updated review, we found that common CRC screening strategies and magnetic resonance colonography continued to be cost‐effective compared with no screening. Areas for further development include accurately modeling the natural history of colorectal cancer and obtaining more evidence from UMICs and LMICs.
Unveiling the role of microRNAs in nonhost resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Rice‐specific microRNAs attack the pathogen via cross‐kingdom RNAi
Authors: Mei Jiaqin , Yang Shuxian , Linghu Yanxia , Gao Yang , Hu Yuxin , Nie Wenjing , Zhang Yujie , Peng Lixuan , Wu Yongzhi , Ding Yijuan , Luo Ruirui , Liao Jingyan , Qian Wei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe development of rapeseed with high resistance against the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is impeded by the lack of effective resistance resources within host species. Unraveling the molecular basis of nonhost resistance (NHR) holds substantial value for resistance improvement in crops. In the present study, small RNA sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were carried out between rice (a nonhost species of S. sclerotiorum) and rapeseed during infection, revealing the involvement of rice miRNAs on translation‐related processes in both rice and the pathogen. Specifically, rice‐specific miRNAs with potential capability for cross‐kingdom RNAi against S. sclerotiorum were explored, of which Os‐miR169y was selected as a representative case to elucidate its role in resistance to S. sclerotiorum. The silence of Os‐miR169y decreased the resistance level of rice to S. sclerotiorum, and heterologous expression of Os‐miR169y in Arabidopsis and rapeseed significantly enhanced the host resistance. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay indicates that Os‐miR169y targets S. sclerotiorum 60S ribosomal protein L19 (SsRPL19). Overexpressing Os‐miR169y (OEss‐miR169y) and RNAi of SsRPL19 (RNAiss‐RPL19) in S. sclerotiorum significantly impaired the growth and pathogenicity of the pathogen, while overexpressing SsRPL19 exhibited a contrast effect. Yeast‐two‐hybridization revealed an interlinking role of SsRPL19 with multiple large and small ribosomal subunits, indicating its important role in translation. Proteome sequencing detected a decreased amount of proteins in transformants OEss‐miR169y and RNAiss‐RPL19 and significant suppression on key metabolic pathways such as carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. Collectively, this study suggests that rice can secrete specific miRNAs to suppress genes essential for S. sclerotiorum, such as Os‐miR169y, which targets and suppresses SsRPL19 and thus impairs protein synthesis in the pathogen. This study sheds light on the intrinsic mechanisms of rice NHR against S. sclerotiorum, and further demonstrates the potential of using nonhost‐specific “pathogen‐attacking” miRNAs in improving resistance in host species.
A Case Series With Cysteamine–Isobionicamide Complex: Clues for Skin‐Rejuvenating Activity
Authors: Clark‐Loeser Lesley , Sfriso Riccardo , Dirlewanger Laure , Kasraee Behrooz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSkin aging is inevitable. Wrinkles, skin texture abnormalities, senile hyperpigmentation, loss of skin tone, dryness, atrophy, and telangiectasias represent some of the hallmarks of aged skin. Skin rejuvenation can be addressed by topical therapies, such as topical retinoids and antioxidants or physical modalities with energy‐based devices, all providing acceptable outcomes. In this case series, we aimed to test the rejuvenating potential of the combination of cysteamine (a naturally occurring antioxidant) and isobionicamide (a derivative of the anti‐aging molecule niacinamide) applied topically.MethodsHealthy male and female patients (N = 7) aged between 25 and 70 years and having Fitzpatrick skin types I–VI were recruited. Topical application of a cysteamine‐isobionicamide formula was done once daily. Treatment lasted for 16 weeks. Clinical high‐resolution photos were acquired using LifeViz 3D at recruitment and after 16 weeks. Blinded dermatological examinations and scoring were performed. Self‐assessment and quality of life (QoL) questionnaires were collected.ResultsClinical photos showed improvement in skin luminosity, increased evenness of skin tone, and reduction of fine wrinkles as well as hyperpigmentation. Patients as well as clinical investigators blinded to the chronology of photos observed the improvements in skin texture, luminosity, and radiance, the brightening of the dark spots, as well as the reduction of both number and volume of wrinkles after 16 weeks of daily application. Furthermore, a significant improvement in patients' quality of life was recorded.ConclusionThis case series represents the first evidence that topical application of cysteamine isobionic‐amide complex could be considered as a safe and effective option in the reversal of skin photoaging.
Efficacy of Rose Stem Cell‐Derived Exosomes (RSCEs) in Skin Treatment: From Healing to Hyperpigmentation Management: Case Series and Review
Authors: Majewska Lidia , Dorosz Karolina , Kijowski Jacek 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo present and analyze eight clinical cases illustrating the use of rose stem cell‐derived exosomes (RSCEs) in treating various dermatological conditions and to review current literature on plant‐derived exosomes in medicine and dermatology.BackgroundRSCEs possess low cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility, and effective cellular uptake, making them promising agents for dermatological therapies. A literature review included in the introduction and discussion covers the broader role of plant‐derived exosomes, highlighting their therapeutic potential in skin treatment.MethodsA case‐by‐case analysis was conducted on eight patients with conditions including atopic dermatitis (AD), hyperpigmentation, scarring, wounds, melasma, and antiaging concerns. Each case provided insights into RSCEs' efficacy, with a focus on their antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, as well as specific learning points derived from clinical observations.ResultsThe cases demonstrated RSCEs' multifaceted therapeutic effects across different skin conditions, supporting their role in enhancing skin regeneration, wound healing, and reducing hyperpigmentation and scarring. The literature review underscored RSCEs' unique bioactivity, suggesting mechanisms for their observed effects, including anti‐inflammatory and rejuvenating properties, which contributed to favorable clinical outcomes.ConclusionRSCEs show potential as a valuable treatment in dermatology, as evidenced by the positive results across multiple skin conditions and their alignment with existing literature on plant‐derived exosomes. This case series emphasizes the need for further randomized and controlled clinical trials to confirm these preliminary findings and expand RSCEs' clinical application in dermatology.
Development and Validation of a Novel Model to Discriminate Idiosyncratic Drug‐Induced Liver Injury and Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Wang Yu , Lin Xuhui , Sun Ying , Liu Jimin , Li Jia , Tian Qiuju , Guo Feng , Hu Xiaoli , Wang Liang , Li Pingying , Chen Jingshou , Wang Yan , Ma Zikun , Jia Jidong , Zhang Jing , Zou Zhengsheng , Zhao Xinyan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimDiscriminating between idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is critical yet challenging. We aim to develop and validate a machine learning (ML)‐based model to aid in this differentiation.MethodsThis multicenter cohort study utilised a development set from Beijing Friendship Hospital, with retrospective and prospective validation sets from 10 tertiary hospitals across various regions of China spanning January 2009 to May 2023. Different ML algorithms were tested using 24 routine laboratory parameters. The Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of each parameter in the ML model.ResultsA total of 2554 patients (1750 for DILI and 804 for AIH) were included. Using Gradient Boost Decision Tree algorithm, five key parameters—aspartate transaminase, globulin, prealbumin, creatinine and platelet count—were selected to construct the ML model. Consequently, a web‐based tool named Beijing‐AID (BJ‐AID) was developed (http://43.143.153.225:5000/). The BJ‐AID model demonstrated excellent discrimination performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.902–0.975) in the development set, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.900–0.928) in all external validation sets and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.889–0.974) in a prospective validation set. Notably, the BJ‐AID model also effectively discriminated atypical cases, including drug‐induced autoimmune‐like hepatitis and AIH with the history of drug consumption, achieving an AUROC = 0.85 (95% CI, 0.742–0.949).ConclusionsWe successfully developed and validated a machine learning‐based model, BJ‐AID, which exhibits a strong discrimination performance. BJ‐AID can assist practitioners and hepatologists in diagnosing both typical and atypical cases of DILI and AIH.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05532345
A Homozygous ATP2A2 Variant Alters Sarcoendoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase 2 Function in Skeletal Muscle and Causes a Novel Vacuolar Myopathy
Authors: Llansó Laura , Ravenscroft Gianina , Aceituno Cristina , Gutiérrez Antonio , Parmar Jevin , Gallano Pia , Caballero‐Ávila Marta , Carbayo Álvaro , Vesperinas Ana , Collet Roger , Blanco Rosa , Laing Nigel , Hove‐Madsen Leif , Gallardo Eduard , Olivé Montse 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsSarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase 2 (SERCA2), encoded by ATP2A2, is a key protein involved in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. The SERCA2a isoform is predominantly expressed in cardiomyocytes and type I myofibres. Variants in this gene are related to Darier disease, an autosomal dominant dermatologic disorder, but have never been linked to myopathy. We describe four patients suffering from a novel myopathy caused by a homozygous missense variant in ATP2A2.MethodsWe studied a family with four individuals suffering from an adult‐onset skeletal myopathy. We evaluated the clinicopathological phenotype, muscle imaging, and genetic workup including whole genome sequencing and segregation analysis. SERCA2 expression in skeletal muscle was assessed. Functional studies to evaluate Ca2+ handling in patient myotubes in response to electrical stimulation or caffeine exposure were performed.ResultsFour sisters developed slowly progressive proximal weakness in adulthood. Biopsy findings showed small vacuoles restricted to type I myofibres. Ultrastructural analysis showed sarcotubular dilation and autophagic vacuoles. Genome sequencing revealed a homozygous variant in ATP2A2 (c.1117G > A, p.(Glu373Lys)) which segregated with the disease. Immunohistochemistry suggested that there was SERCA2 mislocalisation in patient myofibres. Western blotting did not show changes in the amount of protein. In vitro functional studies revealed delayed sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ reuptake in patient myotubes, consistent with an altered pumping capacity of SERCA2 after cell stimulation.ConclusionsWe report a novel adult‐onset vacuolar myopathy caused by a homozygous variant in ATP2A2. Biopsy findings and functional studies demonstrating an impaired function of SERCA2 and consequent Ca2+ dysregulation in slow‐twitch skeletal myofibres highly support the pathogenicity of the variant.
Educational Challenges for Post‐Graduate Nursing Students Throughout the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review
Authors: Wu Chiung‐Jung (Jo) , Chen Shu‐Ming , Ramis Mary‐Anne 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic had immediate impact on nursing students enrolled in postgraduate and post‐registration nursing courses. Some students were required to undertake additional clinical hours and place their studies on hold, while others had clinical experiences and face‐to‐face classes suspended, with online learning modes quickly mobilized. While there have been many reports on the impact and experience of these changes on undergraduate students, limited reports have focused on challenges for nursing students who were registered for practice following completion of their undergraduate studies, and were enrolled in higher degree, postgraduate education programs. A scoping review was conducted to examine the literature reporting on education changes and challenges that occurred during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with specific focus on the postgraduate student learning experience. The review followed reporting guidance by PRISMA‐ScR and was underpinned by JBI methods. Seven databases were searched for relevant citations, published in any language, between 2019 and 2022. A protocol was registered on Open Science Framework. From 4207 citations retrieved, 14 studies were included focusing specifically on postgraduate student experiences and/or impact following curriculum changes from the pandemic. These studies included 2476 graduate students across various courses. Findings included mixed responses to e‐learning and changes in clinical environments, and with additional concerns such as financial stress, mental health needs and basic food needs reported. Inequity in resources and training was also highlighted. The few studies found to focus specifically on this cohort is a notable finding and highlights a need for further research specific to post‐graduate nursing students' educational needs.
Integrating Formal and Relational Contracting: The Link Between Network Structure and Contract Design in Interlocal Collaboration Agreements
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Meave Raúl , Zhang Shuwen , Carr Jered B. , Siciliano Michael D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLocal governments increasingly rely on contractual relationships with third parties for public service delivery, blending formal agreements with relational mechanisms to reduce risks and uncertainties. While most research on these contracts has focused on relationships between two parties, this work adopts a network perspective to analyze how the structure of these networks—especially close‐knit connections—influences contract design. We analyzed 6576 agreements between local governments in Iowa related to public safety from 2007 to 2017 and selected 300 to qualitatively code for contractual provisions. Our findings show that when there are strong shared connections between third parties, contracts tend to be less formal. These results expand the typical focus on two‐party relationships, showing how larger networks can shape the balance between formal and relational contracts in public service management.