bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Components with Anti‐Neuroinflammatory Activities from Caragana microphylla Lam.
Authors: Qi Jiaxin , Su Xin , Xu Libin , Tang Yue , Zhou Di , Chen Gang , Hou Yue , Li Ning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCaragana microphylla Lam., is a perennial herb in the genus Caragana in the Fabaceae family. Two undescribed triterpenoid saponins (1–2), along with thirty‐five known components (3–37) were obtained from the roots of C. microphylla Lam. These compounds were identified using physicochemical analyses and various spectroscopic methods. The anti‐neuroinflammatory activities were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced BV‐2 microglial cells. Compared with positive control minocycline, compounds 10, 19, and 28 exhibited significant effects with IC50 values of 14.04, 19.35 and 10.20 μM, respectively.
Arthroscopic repair of traumatic rotator cuff tear following total shoulder arthroplasty: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Guzman Alvarho , Shin Caleb , Gamboa Miles , Wu Didi , Dela Rueda Therese , Jenkins Sarah , McGahan Patrick , Chen James 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe highlight the rare case of arthroscopic repair of a traumatic tear following total shoulder arthroplasty. Moreover, there is no reported literature describing the arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff tear after total shoulder arthroplasty.AbstractThis case report highlights an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair involving full‐thickness tears of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus after a total shoulder arthroplasty performed 7 years prior. To our best knowledge, no published literature exists highlighting the arthroscopic repair of a traumatic rotator cuff tear following total shoulder arthroplasty.
An elderly man with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) without neuropsychiatric sequelae
Authors: Fujii Rintaro , Yamamoto Ryo , Inoue Yoshino , Fukuyo Shunsuke , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Yoshimura Reiji 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is less common in the elderly, and most have some sequelae. However, even in the elderly, MERS may have a good prognosis, and a specific treatment is not always required.
Prevention of vasculitis and vascular pain by side route administration of vinorelbine: A case report
Authors: Ishii Shunichi , Ichimura Takenori , Ichikura Daisuke 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageA 49‐year‐old female with non‐small‐cell lung cancer was placed on adjuvant chemotherapy with vinorelbine (25 mg/m2: Day 1.8) and cisplatin (80 mg/m2: Day 1). The simultaneous intravenous infusion of vinorelbine from the side route and 500 mL of saline from the main route successfully prevented vasculitis and vascular pain.
Accidental finding of COVID‐associated mucormycosis (CAM) in a patient presenting as toothache: A case report and review of literature
Authors: GB Protyusha , B Kavitha , Sivapathasundharam B. , Manodh P. , Raj A. Thirumal , Ghosh Snehashish , Dhungel Safal 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageMucormycosis is an angio‐invasive rapidly progressing fungal infection, usually reported in immunocompromised individuals. We present a case of COVID‐associated mucormycosis in a patient with a presenting symptom of toothache in the maxilla with a possible mild case of COVID‐19.AbstractCoronavirus‐associated mucormycosis (CAM) had reached epidemic status, especially during the second wave of COVID‐19. It was especially prevalent in India with a large mortality rate. Mucormycosis, particularly the rhinocerebral type is seen to be greatly associated with COVID‐19, especially in patients with altered immunity. Uncontrolled diabetes, chronic kidney disease, immunocompromised patients, malignant hematological diseases, etc. are the major risk factors of CAM, precipitated by the injudicious use of corticosteroids for the treatment of COVID‐19. CAM may often present in the maxillofacial region which warrants that dental clinicians be aware of the clinical presentation, diagnostic guidelines, and appropriate management measures for the disease. This report is one such case of CAM involving the posterior maxilla in a middle‐aged individual with mild COVID‐19 symptoms.
Pemphigus vulgaris presenting with epigastric pain
Authors: Elmassry Marawan , Thongpiya Jerapas , Yingchoncharoen Pitchaporn , Garza Jali , Soape Matthew , Das Kanak 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessagePemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune mucocutaneous disease with an involvement in gastrointestinal tract especially in oral cavity and esophagus. Ulcers can be the initial presentation even before visible mucosal or cutaneous lesions. The presenting symptoms will be in accordance with the affected organ such as throat pain, hoarseness, dysphagia, odynophagia, or even bleeding. Here, we report a case of undiagnosed pemphigus vulgaris presenting with epigastric pain whose endoscopy showed oropharyngeal involvement and isolate esophageal ulcer, which failed proton pump inhibitor treatment.
Thyroid papillary cancer elements arising from struma ovarii with benign peritoneal strumosis: Utility of iodine‐123 imaging in diagnostics and treatment planning
Authors: Groener Daniel , Baumgarten Justus , Happel Christian , Mader Nicolai , Ngoc Christina Nguyen , Sabet Amir , Grünwald Frank 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageIn this case of struma ovarii a right‐sided ovarian mass contained features of papillary thyroid cancer. Diagnostic iodine‐123 revealed multiple foci of extraovarian spread, likely as a manifestation of concomitant peritoneal strumosis. Unilateral oophorectomy, partial peritonectomy, and adjuvant iodine‐131 treatment were performed for successful curative treatment.AbstractStruma ovarii is a rare form of mature teratoma defined by a predominance of thyroid tissue. Approximately 5% of all ovarian strumae exhibit malignant transformation. Due to their extreme rarity, there has been a lack of consensus concerning uniform diagnostic criteria. Appropriate, risk‐stratified treatment strategies also remain widely unelaborated, based only on a small number of cases reported in the literature. We describe the case of a 35‐year‐old female, who presented after undergoing unilateral oophorectomy for a right‐sided ovarian mass. Histological workup revealed a struma ovarii containing papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Postoperative I‐123 scintigraphy with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) detected multifocal extra‐ovarian spread to the peritoneum, containing likely benign strumosis upon pathological examination. The subsequent treatment strategy involved an ablative concept including total thyroidectomy and subsequent I‐131 radioiodine therapy. Throughout a 3‐year follow‐up, the patient has remained without recurrence with thyroglobulin levels ranging below detection limits. Surgical resection with adjuvant radioiodine therapy is a curative therapeutic strategy in cases of struma ovarii with thyroid‐type carcinoma and peritoneal strumosis. Its benefits lay in avoiding more extensive surgery, potentially maintaining fertility, facilitating follow‐up, and minimizing the risk of recurrence. Reliable criteria for risk stratification are needed to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from this treatment approach.
Variation in location of the distobuccal root canal in a permanent maxillary second molar: A case report
Authors: Mishra Anisha , Natanasabapathy Velmurugan , Kowsky Dinesh , Sharan Jitendra , Marya Anand 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageClinicians should be aware of the variations in the number of roots and root canals and the peculiar or eccentric location of root canals. An intraoperative CBCT can be very useful in improved visualization of the anatomical variations.AbstractThis case report describes the unusual location of the distobuccal root canal in a maxillary second molar with root fusion. On access opening, three distinct root canal orifices, the mesiobuccal canal, palatal canal, and a third orifice closer to the palatal canal, were seen, giving an illusion of an additional palatal canal. An attempt was made to search for the distobuccal canal in its usual position, leading to the gouging of the pulp chamber floor. An intraoperative limited field of view cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed the root orifice adjacent to the palatal canal was the distobuccal canal. CBCT also revealed fusion of both the buccal and palatal roots in the root's coronal and middle third region, but they were not fused apically.
Supine headache and papilledema: A case and review of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Pasricha Sachin V. , Bhayana Rajesh , Wu Peter E. 
Published: May 2023

Key clinical messageCerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) should be on the differential for intracranial hypertension, and the preferred diagnostic tests are CT venogram or MR venography.AbstractCerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare cause of stroke and is on the differential for intracranial hypertension. Non‐contrast head CT is often normal. CT venogram or MR venography are the preferred diagnostic tests, as was required in our patient. We review the presentation, diagnosis, and management of CVST.
Late‐Stage, Stereoretentive, and Site‐Selective Modification of Synthetic Peptides by Using Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Flitcroft Claire E. , Jolliffe Katrina A. , McErlean Christopher S. P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLate‐stage functionalisation is an attractive method to generate peptide analogues containing non‐natural residues. It is shown that cysteine residues can be activated as Crich‐type thioethers, either by alkylation of a synthetic cysteine‐continuing peptide or by incorporation of a modified cysteine unit into solid phase or solution phase peptide synthesis. Photoredox catalysed reaction of the thioether generates an alanyl radical intermediate in a stereoretentive and site‐selective manner, even in the presence of free cysteine residues. The radical can react with non‐activated alkenes to form non‐natural residues bearing aliphatic, hydrophobic units. A method to avoid unwanted alkylation of amine residues was identified and the process was applied to the functionalization of both linear and cyclic synthetic peptides.
Amino alcohol‐derived chiral stationary phases
Authors: Seog David Jin Han , van Kien Nguyen , Ryoo Jae Jeong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn updated minireview of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on amino alcohols is presented. In this minireview, we focused on amino alcohols as starting materials in preparation of chiral catalysts for asymmetric organic synthesis and CSPs for chiral separations. Among the various CSPs, we summarized the important developments and applications of the amino alcohol‐based Pirkle‐type CSPs, ligand exchange CSPs, α‐amino acid‐derived amino alcohol CSPs, and symmetric CSPs from their first appearance to the present day to propose ideas for the development of new CSPs with improved performance.
Left bundle branch area pacing in mildly reduced heart failure: A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yu Ga‐In , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Cho Yun‐Ho , Bae Jae‐Seok , Ahn Jong‐Hwa , Jang Jeong Yoon , Park Yong Whi , Kwak Choong Hwan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) strategy for heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) is controversial. Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is an emerging pacing modality and an alternative option to CRT. This analysis aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta‐analysis on the impact of the LBBAP strategy in HFmrEF, with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between 35% and 50%. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for full‐text articles on LBBAP from inception to July 17, 2022. The outcomes of interest were QRS duration and LVEF at baseline and follow‐up in mid‐range heart failure. Data were extracted and summarized. A random‐effect model incorporating the potential heterogeneity was used to synthesize the results. Out of 1065 articles, 8 met the inclusion criteria for 211 mid‐range heart failure patients with an implant LBBAP across the 16 centers. The average implant success rate with lumenless pacing lead use was 91.3%, and 19 complications were reported among all 211 enrolled patients. During the average follow‐up of 9.1 months, the average LVEF was 39.8% at baseline and 50.5% at follow‐up (MD: 10.90%, 95% CI: 6.56−15.23, p < .01). Average QRS duration was 152.6 ms at baseline and 119.3 ms at follow‐up (MD: −34.51 ms, 95% CI: −60.00 to −9.02, p < .01). LBBAP could significantly reduce QRS duration and improve systolic function in a patient with LVEF between 35% and 50%. Application of LBBAP as a CRT strategy for HFmrEF may be a viable option.
Genetic variability of kernel phenolics in maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds with differing levels of resistance to gibberella ear rot
Authors: Hadinezhad Mehri , Harris Linda J. , Miller Susan Shea , Schneiderman Danielle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA comprehensive study was performed to investigate the kernel phenolics content and profile of a broad range of maize inbreds varying in disease resistance to gibberella ear rot. Three phenolic fractions (soluble free, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound) at different kernel developmental stages in two growing seasons were analyzed. The phenolics content and profile revealed a genotype dependency. The highest amount and diversity of phenolics were at day 11 after self‐pollination in both growing seasons. This was confirmed by a distinctive PCA biplot clustering of phenolics at day 11 compared to other harvesting days for all fractions. A strong negative correlation was found between the conjugated and bound phenolics in both growing seasons (in 2016, r = 0.93, p < 0.0001; and in 2018, r = 0.94, p < 0.0001). In both growing seasons, the main phenolic compounds in the free, conjugated, and bound fractions were chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and t‐ferulic acid, respectively. Comprehensive results were presented for how the phenolics evolved over the period of kernel development and how their content changed. The PCA‐biplot analysis revealed different patterns of clustering for phenolic associations in different fractions as well as in different growing seasons, reflecting the evolution process of individual phenolics during kernel filling period. Overall, genotypes with higher disease resistance possessed higher phenolics in the bound and conjugated fractions at blister stage. This study provides a useful resource of maize inbred phenolics profiles that could be applied in future breeding efforts.
Optimal AID expression and efficient immunoglobulin class switch recombination are dependent on the hypoxia‐inducible factor
Authors: Heyer Vincent , Reina‐San‐Martin Bernardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDuring immune responses, B cells engaging a cognate antigen are recruited to GCs in secondary lymphoid organs where they will diversify their BCR to generate highly specific and adapted humoral responses. They do so, by inducing the expression of activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID), which initiates somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). AID deaminates cytosines in ss DNA, generating U:G mismatches that are processed to induce ds DNA break intermediates during CSR that result in the expression of a different antibody isotype. Interestingly, hypoxia regions have been reported in GCs and suggesting that hypoxia could modulate the humoral response. Furthermore, hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF) can bind to the AID promoter and induce AID expression in a non‐B‐cell setting, suggesting that it might be involved in the transcriptional induction of AID in B cells, hence, regulating SHM and CSR. We, thus, hypothesized that HIF could regulate the efficiency of CSR. Here, we show that the inactivation of both the HIF‐1α and HIF‐1β subunits of the HIF transcription factor in murine CH12 B cells results in defective CSR and that this is due to the suboptimal induction of AID expression.
Methods for Imputing Scores When All Responses Are Missing for One or More Polytomous Items: Accuracy and Impact on Psychometric Property
Authors: Qu Yanxuan , Sinharay Sandip 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThough a substantial amount of research exists on imputing missing scores in educational assessments, there is little research on cases where responses or scores to an item are missing for all test takers. In this paper, we tackled the problem of imputing missing scores for tests for which the responses to an item are missing for all test takers. We considered three missing‐data imputation methods—the median method, the item response theory (IRT) method, and the two‐way method—for imputing scores. We compared the performance of these three imputation methods with respect to their accuracy in estimating scaled scores and test reliability for the aforementioned problem. Real data were used in the comparison. All three methods performed well in imputing scaled scores with negligible imputation error: The IRT method and the median method provided slightly more accurate scaled scores. The two‐way method provided the most accurate reliability estimates. Recommendations for practice are provided.
An experimental study on the combustion process and thermodynamic characteristic parameters of copper wire overcurrent fault
Authors: Wang Weifeng , Ji Xiaohan , Shi Lin , Lu Cuizhen , Liu Hanfei , Lv Huifei , Zhao Xuanchong , Gui Xiaoyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe overcurrent fault of copper wire is an important cause of electrical fire, and the combustion process of which is relatively complicated. In this study, the rated current of 32A of the wire was taken, and the electrical fault simulation device was used. After the overcurrent Io was set to 128A, 160A, 192A, and 224A, respectively, to analyze the combustion evolution process of PVC‐insulated copper wire, the evolution of pyrolysis gas from the insulating layer, and the change of functional groups. The results show that when the overcurrent fault of PVC‐insulated copper wire happened, the core wire was turning red, the wire was deforming, the smoke was releasing, the insulating layer was dripping, the wire was fusing, and the continuous burning occurred. When the current Io < 160A, there was only one fusing point on the wire. In addition, when an overcurrent fault occurred in the PVC‐insulated copper wire, the temperature rise rate increased exponentially, which can be divided into three stages of the initial heat accumulation stage, the wire fusing stage, and the continuous burning stage. Furthermore, CO, HCl, CH4, olefins, and aliphatic and aromatic compounds were precipitated during the combustion process of the PVC insulating layer. The quality of the insulating layer decreased with the increase in temperature, and the weight loss rate was higher at 300°C. The conclusions of this study have provided experimental basis and technical support for the physical and evidence identification of fire accidents.
Hippocampal integration and separation processes with different temporal and spatial dynamics during learning for associative memory
Authors: Kwon Minjae , Lee Sang Wan , Lee Sue‐Hyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe hippocampus is known to be critically involved in associative memory formation. However, the role of the hippocampus during the learning of associative memory is still controversial; while the hippocampus is considered to play a critical role in the integration of related stimuli, numerous studies also suggest a role of the hippocampus in the separation of different memory traces for rapid learning. Here, we employed an associative learning paradigm consisting of repeated learning cycles. By tracking the changes in the hippocampal representations of associated stimuli on a cycle‐by‐cycle basis as learning progressed, we show that both integration and separation processes occur in the hippocampus with different temporal dynamics. We found that the degree of shared representations for associated stimuli decreased significantly during the early phase of learning, whereas it increased during the later phase of learning. Remarkably, these dynamic temporal changes were observed only for stimulus pairs remembered 1 day or 4 weeks after learning, but not for forgotten pairs. Further, the integration process during learning was prominent in the anterior hippocampus, while the separation process was obvious in the posterior hippocampus. These results demonstrate temporally and spatially dynamic hippocampal processing during learning that can lead to the maintenance of associative memory.
Myo‐inositol oxygenase (MIOX) accelerated inflammation in the model of infection‐induced cardiac dysfunction by NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Zhou Wenjun , Yu Congyi , Long Yiwen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiac dysfunction is an important component of multiple organ failure caused by sepsis, and an important cause of high mortality in patients with sepsis. Herein, we attempted to determine whether myo‐inositol oxygenase (MIOX) has proinflammation enzyme in infection‐induced cardiac dysfunction (IICD) and its underlying mechanism.MethodsPatients with IICD were collected by our hospital. A mouse model of IICD was induced into male db/db mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). All mice were injected with 20 μL of LV‐MIOX or LV‐control short hairpin RNA using a 0.5‐mL insulin syringe. On the second day, all mice were induced by CLP. H9C2 cell was also induced with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate. Quantitative analysis of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and gene microarray hybridization was used to analyze the mRNA expression levels. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis were used to analyze the protein expression levels.ResultsThe serum expressions of MIOX mRNA level in patients with IICD were upregulated compared to normal healthy volunteers. MIOX promoted inflammation levels in the in vitro model of IICD. Si‐MIOX inhibited inflammation levels in the in vitro model of IICD. MIOX accelerated inflammation and cardiac dysfunction in infection‐induced mice. MIOX interacted with NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) protein to reduce the degradation of NLRP3. The inhibition of MIOX reversed the effects of NLRP3 in the in vitro model of cardiac dysfunction.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings demonstrate that MIOX accelerates inflammation in the model of IICD, which may be, at least in part, attributable to NLRP3 activity by the suppression of NLRP3 degradation in IICD.
Exploring Membrane‐tethering Technology for Proteins as a Versatile Tool for Uncovering Novel Disease Targets and Advancing Biotherapeutic Development
Authors: Noh Soojeong , Park Jun‐kook , Shin Sanghee , Jeong Jongwon , Jung Inseong , Shin Jiwon , Park Eunju , Yea Kyungmoo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMembrane‐tethering technology for proteins (MTFP) is a promising approach for the development of therapeutic agents that display bioactive proteins, such as antibodies and cytokines, on the cell surface, resulting in the induction of autocrine signalling. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the MTFP, including its basic principles, selection of agonist antibodies and peptides, and the identification of novel functions of natural cytokines. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of increasing the therapeutic efficacy of existing treatments by engineering active proteins to the cell and extracellular vesicle surfaces. We suggest that the MTFP has the potential to maximize efficiency in drug discovery by identifying proteins with regulatory functions and engineering existing treatments. Our review highlights the importance of MTFP in basic research and translational research, and its potential to apply the development of biotherapeutics.