bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large-area synthesis of high electrical performance MoS2 by a commercially scalable atomic layer deposition process
Authors: Aspiotis Nikolaos , Morgan Katrina , März Benjamin , Müller-Caspary Knut , Ebert Martin , Weatherby Ed , Light Mark E. , Huang Chung-Che , Hewak Daniel W. , Majumdar Sayani , Zeimpekis Ioannis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work demonstrates a large area process for atomically thin 2D semiconductors to unlock the technological upscale required for their commercial uptake. The new atomic layer deposition (ALD) and conversion technique yields large area performance uniformity and tunability. Like graphene, 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are prone to upscaling challenges limiting their commercial uptake. They are challenging to grow uniformly on large substrates and to transfer on alternative substrates while they often lack in large area electrical performance uniformity. The scalable ALD process of this work enables uniform growth of 2D TMDCs on large area with independent control of layer thickness, stoichiometry and crystallinity while allowing chemical free transfers to application substrates. Field effect transistors (FETs) fabricated on flexible substrates using the process present a field effect mobility of up to 55 cm2/Vs, subthreshold slope down to 80 mV/dec and on/off ratios of 107. In addition, non-volatile memory transistors using ferroelectric FETs (FeFETs) operating at ±5 V with on/off ratio of 107 and a memory window of 3.25 V are demonstrated. These FeFETs demonstrate state-of-the-art performance with multiple state switching, suitable for one-transistor non-volatile memory and for synaptic transistors revealing the applicability of the process to flexible neuromorphic applications.
Heavy metal removal from coal fly ash for low carbon footprint cement
Authors: Deng Bing , Meng Wei , Advincula Paul A. , Eddy Lucas , Ucak-Astarlioglu Mine G. , Wyss Kevin M. , Chen Weiyin , Carter Robert A. , Li Gang , Cheng Yi , Nagarajaiah Satish , Tour James M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDevelopment of cementitious materials with low carbon footprint is critical for greenhouse gas mitigation. Coal fly ash (CFA) is an attractive diluent additive in cement due to its widespread availability and ultralow cost, but the heavy metals in CFA could leach out over time. Traditional acid washing processes for heavy metal removal suffer from high chemical consumption and high-volume wastewater streams. Here, we report a rapid and water-free process based on flash Joule heating (FJH) for heavy metals removal from CFA. The FJH process ramps the temperature to ~3000 °C within one second by an electric pulse, enabling the evaporative removal of heavy metals with efficiencies of 70–90% for arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, and lead. The purified CFA is partially substituted in Portland cement, showing enhanced strength and less heavy metal leakage under acid leaching. Techno-economic analysis shows that the process is energy-efficient with the cost of ~$21 ton−1 in electrical energy. Life cycle analysis reveals the reuse of CFA in cement reduces greenhouse gas emissions by ~30% and heavy metal emissions by ~41%, while the energy consumption is balanced, when compared to landfilling. The FJH strategy also works for decontamination of other industrial wastes such as bauxite residue.
Outcomes of a Remote Mindfulness Program for Adults Who Stutter: Five Case Studies
Authors: Medina Angela M. , Mead Jean S. , Comas Kristen , Perez Gretel , Prieto Janna , Valencia Ingrid 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
The use of mindfulness-based practices has increased in the field of fluency disorders over the past several years and has been implicated as a viable complement to traditional stuttering therapy. The purpose of this study was to explore the outcomes of an 8-week remote mindfulness program delivered to adults who stutter.

Method:
Five adults who stutter completed pre- and posttest questionnaires as well as weekly postsession surveys. Questionnaires included open-ended questions regarding participants' perceptions of their stuttering severity and their perceptions of mindfulness. The Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering (OASES) was incorporated to measure quality of life in both the pretest and posttest. Postsession surveys prompted participants to reflect on the topic presented each week. These data were used to develop individual case studies.

Results:
Pre- and posttest OASES scores revealed improvement in three participants' quality of life rating scores, while two participants remained within the same range. None of the participants' perceptions of their stuttering severity changed after participating in the program; however, participants who responded to postsession surveys reported that they planned to apply mindfulness knowledge in their personal lives and noticed positive changes within themselves.

Conclusions:
These preliminary findings revealed that even though perceptions of stuttering severity did not change, benefits were still gained by the participants. Future research should include a larger sample and content that is specifically tailored for people who stutter.
Contemporary management of intracardiac thrombi: a tale of two clots
Authors: Branigan Ben , Brown Sam , Zavala Ryan , Merritt HelenMari 
Published: March 2023

Intracardiac thrombi such as pulmonary emboli represent a high risk of mortality. In this case study, we review two cases of intracardiac thrombi occurring within 24 h of one another and managed differently by the same cardiothoracic surgical team, highlighting the importance of an individualized approach as well as an understanding of current guidelines and contemporary management techniques.
Comparative Study of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (rhEPO)
Products on CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) Patients
Authors: Dwitanto Kuspuji , Angginy Nova , Sutandar Widodo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate whether the efficacy and
safety profile of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) manufactured by
Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd was similar to biological products approved by
the drug safety regulatory authority.
Patients and methods It was an open-label, randomized, comparative,
parallel, multi-center study in hemodialysis patients with anemia. The reference
product at an individualized dose 3 times a week was given in 4–8 weeks
of titration period and hemoglobin (Hb) level was controlled to reach the range
of 10–12 g/dL. Then, the subjects were randomly
administered with reference or test product with the same dose regimen. The
primary endpoints were to demonstrate the Hb level change between baseline and
evaluation period in both treatment groups, while the secondary endpoints were
the mean change in weekly dosage per kg body weight and the instability rate of
Hb level during maintenance and evaluation period. The safety was evaluated
based on the adverse events incidence.
Results There was no statistical difference in the change of Hb between
test and reference (0.14 g/dL and 0.75 g/dL
respectively, with p>0.05), also for the mean changes of weekly dosage
between groups (1091.40 IU and 570.15 IU respectively, with p>0.05). The
instability rate of Hb in both test and reference was not statistically
significantly different as well (26 and 15% respectively, with
p>0.05).
Conclusion This study proves that the efficacy indicated by the change
instability of Hb and safety indicated by adverse event incidence of Epodion and
the reference product on chronic kidney disease were similar.
Akute Weichteilinfektion mit drohendem Fingerverlust bei
Schnürfurchensyndrom einer 22-jährigen Patientin mit
palmoplantarem Keratoderm-kongenitalem Alopezie-Syndrom Typ II
Authors: Gugelmeier Moritz , Kostron Arthur , Poser Thomas , Schneider Lisa C. , Peitsch Wiebke K. , Fuchs Thomas 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über die Behandlung einer 22-jährigen Patientin mit
akuter Weichteilinfektion im Bereich einer Schnürfurche bei
palmoplantarem Keratoderm-kongenitalem Alopezie-Syndrom (PPKCA) Typ II, einer
sehr seltenen Genodermatose mit weniger als 20 in der Literatur beschriebenen
Fällen. Bei vorbestehender Schnürfurche des rechten Kleinfingers
mit Hyperkeratose kam es durch eine additive Weichteilinfektion distal des
Schürrings zu einer Dekompensation des lymphatischen und venösen
Abflusses mit drohendem Fingerverlust. Durch die dringliche operative Versorgung
mit Entlastung und Sanierung der dorsalen Weichteilinfektion, mikrochirurgischer
zirkulärer Resektion des Schnürrings sowie Wundverschluss konnte
der Finger erhalten werden. Nach Weichteilkonsolidierung und ergotherapeutischer
Beübung erreichte die Patientin eine freie Beweglichkeit des
Kleinfingers bei subjektiver Beschwerdefreiheit mit gutem ästhetischen
Ergebnis.
Vom Wald auf die Intensivstation und zurück: Eine detektivische Aufarbeitung einer Knollenblätterpilzvergiftung
Authors: Murad Mohamad , Anslinger Teresa M. , Frank Daniel , Hohlstein Philipp , van den Burg Liette , Brozat Jonathan Frederik , Pollmanns Maike R. , Fromme Malin , Grünert Marie , Lubberich Richard , Wirtz Theresa H , Hamesch Karim , Trautwein Christian , Abu Jhaisha Samira , Koch Alexander 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungMit über 90% der Todesfälle nach Pilzingestion gehört die Vergiftung mit Amatoxinen zu den gefährlichsten Lebensmittelintoxikationen. Trotz zahlreicher Fallberichte gibt es aufgrund fehlender randomisiert kontrollierter Studien lediglich limitierte Therapieempfehlungen.Wir präsentieren den Fall eines 32-jährigen Patienten, der sich mit einem akuten Leberversagen nach Amanita phalloides (Grüner Knollenblätterpilz)-Ingestion vorgestellt hatte. Der Therapieerfolg wurde maßgeblich durch die Gabe von Aktivkohle, Silibinin und N-Acetylcystein sowie die beherzte Recherche eines Pilzsachverständigen ermöglicht.In retrospektiven Studien konnte eine relevante Senkung der Letalität durch die genannten medikamentösen Maßnahmen gezeigt werden. Trotz der hohen geschätzten Ingestionsmenge konnten wir in diesem Fall die Effektivität dieser Kombinationstherapie bestätigen.In dieser Fallübersicht soll neben der medikamentösen Therapie der Fokus insbesondere auf die außergewöhnliche Mitarbeit eines Pilzexperten gelegt werden, der durch sein investigatives Vorgehen die Verdachtsdiagnose sichern konnte und somit zum Therapieerfolg beigetragen hat. Ein zeitnaher Kontakt mit der zuständigen Giftnotrufzentrale und das Hinzuziehen eines Pilzexperten in unklaren Situationen wird daher empfohlen.
Prognostic Factors of the Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Clinical Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in the Middle East
Authors: Ebrahimi Hannan , Esfandbod Mohsen , Ketabchi Seyed Mehdi , Yarandi Kourosh Karimi , Shirani Mohamad , Amirjamshidi Abbas , Alimohamadi Maysam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAim Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare extra nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The optimal treatment for PCNSL is still unclear. In this study, we present our experience with management of PCNSL in a tertiary care center in Iran.Methods In this retrospective study, 58 patients with tissue diagnosis of PCNSL were studied. All patients were treated with chemotherapy including intravenous high-dose methotrexate, rituximab and temozolomide and radiotherapy by the same oncologist. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.Results The mean overall survival (OS) in this study was 37.4 ± 13.6 months and the mean progression free survival (PFS) was 35.1 ± 9.8 months. The mean time to progression was 15.2 ± 8.79 months among 8 patients who experienced progression in this series. Finding of a positive CSF cytology was not linked with disease progression, while HIV infection and multifocal involvement at initial presentation were strongly linked to a lower PFS. The single most important factor affecting the OS was the histopathologic type of the PCNSL; two of the three patients who died from their disease in this series had non-B cell PCNSL, whereas only one patient with DLBCL died because of brainstem involvement.Conclusion The results of this study show a lower rate of HIV-infection in patients with PCNSL as compared to the series from the western countries. Non-B cell histopathology and HIV-infection were found to be associated with the dismal prognosis.
Endoscopically-Assisted Percutaneous Trigeminal Rhizotomy for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Cadaveric Feasibility Study
Authors: Mathkour Mansour , Werner Cassidy D. , Dallapiazza Robert F. , Loukas Marios , Iwanaga Joe , Dumont Aaron S. , Tubbs R Shane 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating syndrome characterized by paroxysmal facial pain in one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The etiology and treatment paradigms are still controversial. The endoscopically-assisted procedure has not yet been described in percutaneous procedures for TN. The aim of this study was to assess the utility and feasibility of endoscopic-assisted percutaneous approaches for trigeminal rhizotomy in TN.
Methods This study comprised eight cadaveric sides heads that underwent an endoscopically assisted percutaneous approach using Hakanson's anterior puncture method for targeting the foramen ovale.
Results V3 exiting the foramen ovale was easily visualized with the endoscope on all sides. While approaching the foramen ovale, distal branches of V3 such as the lingual and inferior alveolar nerves were first identified as they traveled between the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. These branches were then traced proximally to the V3 trunk deep to the lateral pterygoid. Large arteries and veins were easily visualized and avoided in the trajectory to the foramen ovale. No gross injury to any neurovascular structure along the course of the needle insertion was identified.
Conclusion We found that endoscopic-assisted percutaneous approach to the foramen ovale is feasible and allows for accurate canalization and anatomical identification of the precise location for rhizotomy under direct visualization. Such a procedure, after it is confirmed in patients, could offer a new technique for reducing unsuccessful canalization and could improve outcomes.
Validating the Efficacy of Two Burr-Hole Craniostomy over Mini-Craniotomy for Chronic Subdural Hematoma Drainage
Authors: Hegde Pranoy , Nayak Bharat , Madishetty Aditya , Perikal Parichay J. , Furtado Sunil V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground There is an increasing incidence of chronic subdural hematoma due to extended life expectancy and associated trauma and fall risk. This retrospective study evaluates the efficacy of two burr-hole craniotomy over mini-craniotomy.Methods Sixty-five patients were recruited over 2 years, of which 56 were male and 9 were females. A patient with a chronic subdural hematoma either underwent burr-hole craniostomy or mini-craniotomy for hematoma evacuation. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and modified Rankin score were used to assess the neurological status and interventional outcome at discharge and follow-up, respectively. A head CT scan was performed at 3 week and 3 month follow-up.Statistical Analysis Categorical data are presented as frequency and percentage, while non-categorical data are represented as mean ± SD. Statistical significance for difference in outcome between the two groups was analyzed using the chi-square test and p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The mean age of patients was 55.6 years. Headache (35 cases), hemiparesis, and altered sensorium were seen in 20 patients, each with the main presenting symptoms. Trauma history was noted in 69.2% of patients. One (3.7%) hematoma recurrence in the burr-hole group and four (8.3%) in the mini-craniotomy group was recorded. The mean operative time was longer in the minicraniotomy group (124.2 min vs. 75.4 min; p < 0.001). A higher incidence of recurrence was noted in the craniotomy group (8.3%) than the burr-hole group (3.7%). No statistical difference in the recurrence rate, duration of hospital stay, GCS at discharge, modified Rankin score between the two study groups at discharge was noted.Conclusion Two burr-hole craniostomy is a safe and effective surgical option to treat chronic subdural hematoma. It is also validated in patients on anticoagulants and antiplatelet medications with adequate pre-surgical correction of coagulation parameters.
Clinical Profile and Outcome in Patients with Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from a South Indian Tertiary Centre: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Sadasivam Anuusha Subathra , Nathan Balamurugan , Anbazhagan Sathia Prabhu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a neurological condition that causes significant morbidity and mortality. It is known to have regional differences in its incidence. Indian studies have shown conflicting results about the incidence of aneurysms as the cause of SAH, varying from 35% to 80%. The data available on the epidemiology of spontaneous SAH in the South Indian population are very few. Our study aims to describe the clinical profile of patients presenting with spontaneous SAH to the emergency department in a tertiary center in South India and describe the factors influencing the clinical outcome.
Materials and Methods The study included 75 patients diagnosed with spontaneous SAH in our emergency department. Demographic data, medical history, details about the first medical contact, clinical features at admission, complications during the hospital stay, and interventions underwent were recorded. The study participants were followed-up at 6 weeks after discharge from hospital to assess the neurological outcome based on modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, using a 9-point questionnaire.
Results Of the 75 patients with spontaneous SAH, the majority were females, and in the age group of 50 to 69 years. The median time to first medical contact was observed to be 2 hours; and SAH was diagnosed at the first medical contact only in 37% of the patients. Hypertension was the most common comorbid condition associated with SAH (53%). Almost 80% of the patients who underwent angiographic studies had aneurysmal SAH (aSAH). Hydrocephalus was the most common complication seen in 37% of the patients, followed by hyponatremia (28%) and vasospasm (25%). At the time of follow-up after 6 weeks, we found that 36% of the patients were having a neurologically favorable outcome with an mRS score of 0 to 2, 8% of patients were having moderate to severe disability (mRS 3 to 5) and were living a dependent life. The mortality rate (mRS 6) was observed to be around 50% (6% lost to follow-up).
Conclusion We observed a relatively higher incidence of aneurysmal rupture among the patients with spontaneous SAH in our region. The misdiagnosis rate at first medical contact was higher. The mortality rate was observed to be around 50% at 6 weeks. Loss of consciousness at ictus, aneurysmal rupture, WFNS grades IV–V, hydrocephalus, vasospasm, hypernatremia, and delayed cerebral ischemia were found to be the mortality predictors in SAH.
Paravertebral Cerebrospinal Fluid Exudation in Young Women with Postdural Puncture Headache: A Hypothetical Interpretation based on Anatomical Study on Intervertebral Foramen
Authors: Kawahara Takashi , Atsuchi Masamichi , Arita Kazunori , Fujio Shingo , Higa Nayuta , Hanaya Ryosuke 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is defined as a prolonged orthostatic headache secondary to a lumbar puncture. The mechanism underlying this unpleasant complication and the reasons explaining its higher incidence in the young are not well understood. Here, we speculate on the mechanisms underlying PDPH based on spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with PDPH and an anatomical study on the size of the intervertebral foramen.
Methods Brain and spinal MRI findings were examined in two young women with PDPH. The relationship between age and size of the intervertebral foramen on computed tomography was assessed in 25 female volunteers (22–89 years old) without spinal disease.
Results The causative interventions leading to PDPH were epidural anesthesia for painless delivery in a 28-year-old woman and lumbar puncture for examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a 17-year-old woman. These two patients developed severe orthostatic hypotension following the procedure. Brain MRI showed signs of intracranial hypotension, including subdural effusion, in one patient, but no abnormality in the other. Spinal MRI revealed an anterior shift of the spinal cord at the thoracic level and CSF exudation into the paravertebral space at the lumbar level. Treatment involving an epidural blood patch in one patient and strict bed rest with sufficient hydration in the second led to improvement of symptoms and reduction of paravertebral CSF exudation. The size of the intervertebral foramen at the L2–3 level in the 25 volunteers showed a decrease in an age-dependent manner (Spearman's rho −0.8751, p < 0.001).
Conclusion We suggest that CSF exudation from the epidural space of the vertebral canal to the paravertebral space through the intervertebral foramen, which is generally larger in the younger population, is the causative mechanism of PDPH.
Dystonias: Clinical Recognition and the Role of Additional Diagnostic Testing
Authors: Stephen Christopher D. , Dy-Hollins Marisela , Gusmao Claudio Melo De , Qahtani Xena Al , Sharma Nutan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDystonia is the third most common movement disorder, characterized by abnormal, frequently twisting postures related to co-contraction of agonist and antagonist muscles. Diagnosis is challenging. We provide a comprehensive appraisal of the epidemiology and an approach to the phenomenology and classification of dystonia, based on the clinical characteristics and underlying etiology of dystonia syndromes. We discuss the features of common idiopathic and genetic forms of dystonia, diagnostic challenges, and dystonia mimics. Appropriate workup is based on the age of symptom onset, rate of progression, whether dystonia is isolated or combined with another movement disorder or complex neurological and other organ system features. Based on these features, we discuss when imaging and genetic should be considered. We discuss the multidisciplinary treatment of dystonia, including rehabilitation and treatment principles according to the etiology, including when pathogenesis-direct treatment is available, oral pharmacological therapy, chemodenervation with botulinum toxin injections, deep brain stimulation and other surgical therapies, and future directions.