bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arterial versus end-tidal carbon dioxide levels in children with congenital heart disease: a prospective cohort study in patients undergoing pulmonary catheterization
Authors: Movahedi Asl Masood , Delavar Shohreh , Taghizadeh Imani Ashkan , Goudarzi Mehrdad 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Capnography has been the standard in the operating room for a long time now. When variable amounts of intrapulmonary shunt and intracardiac shunt are taken into account, arterial carbon dioxide (CO2) and end-tidal CO2 typically match rather well. The gap between arterial and end-tidal CO2 widens in patients with cardiopulmonary disorders. The current study sought to determine how arterial and end-tidal CO2 correlated with each other and with hemoglobin saturation both before and after pulmonary catheterization in a pediatric population with congenital heart disease.

Methods:
Fifty-seven children with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiopulmonary catheterization between March 2018 and April 2019 were included in a prospective cohort study at Children’s Medical Center. Arterial and end-tidal CO2, and hemodynamic variables were assessed prior to the catheterization procedure. Then the patients underwent catheterization, and before being extubated, these variables were again assessed and compared to the baseline levels.

Results:
End-tidal CO2 increased significantly in cyanotic patients following the catheterization procedure, and the difference between arterial and end-tidal CO2 decreased significantly. End-tidal CO2, arterial CO2, and their difference did not significantly change in non-cyanotic patients following the catheterization procedure. End-tidal and arterial CO2 were not significantly correlated in cyanotic patients (r=0.411, P=0.128), but they were correlated after the catheterization procedure (r=0.617, P=0.014).

Conclusions:
End-tidal CO2 can estimate arterial CO2 in non-cyanotic patients reasonably. End-tidal CO2 cannot be used to estimate arterial CO2 in cyanotic patients since there is no association. After cardiac defect correction, end-tidal CO2 can be a reliable predictor of arterial CO2.
The pattern of sarcoid uveitis at a tertiary care center in Nepal
Authors: Kharel (Sitaula) Ranju , Poudel Arika , Shrestha Shreeji , Jha Saket 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic, multisystemic granulomatous disorder involving the eye with various ocular presentations, the most common being sarcoid uveitis. The diagnosis was based on typical clinical features, chest radiography, laboratory findings and biopsy based on revised International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis criteria. Here in, the authors aim to present the first report on the trend of cases of sarcoid uveitis in Nepal.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted at the uveitis clinic of the Institute of Medicine by obtaining medical data from the medical record section on sarcoid uveitis cases visiting from March 2018 to March 2021. Demographic profile, ocular findings, laboratory findings and treatment details were documented and statistical analysis was done via Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.

Results:
Out of 50 eyes of 30 patients included in the study; 66.6% patients (n=20) had bilateral and 33.3% (n=10) had unilateral ocular involvement. Anterior with intermediate uveitis (26.7%) was the most common type of uveitis among the cases. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme was raised in 66.7%, Chest X-ray showed hilar changes in 63.33%, and high-resolution computed tomography showed mediastinal, hilar lymphadenopathy with or without the involvement of the lung in 63.33% of patients.

Conclusion:
Sarcoid uveitis may have varied ocular presentations, the commonest being anterior and intermediate uveitis. The commonest complications are cataract and cystoid macular oedema, which are associated with vision loss. Steroids and immunomodulators are the mainstays of treatment.
INnovation, QUality Improvement, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice (INQUIRE)
Authors: Keen Alyson , Radecki Bethany , Snyderman William , Rader Tiffany , Hemmelgarn Allison , Sierp Amanda 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Despite scholarly articles and pathway models delineating quality improvement (QI), evidence-based practice (EBP), research, and innovation, guidance is lacking when determining the project method. A practical, step-by-step approach is needed to support project navigation.

Purpose:
To describe development and evaluation of a decision-making pathway model.

Methods:
The INQUIRE Model was developed using an iterative approach and was evaluated with 23 national conference attendees. The evaluation included 4 Likert-type items ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree).

Results:
The model guides users through project planning steps based on an identified trigger (eg, problem, opportunity, and challenge) to ultimately select a project method that aligns with the project scope and availability of a solution. Model evaluation found identification of the project method improved by 14%, scanning for a solution by 8%, avoiding missed steps by 36%, and building a team by 10%.

Conclusion:
Findings suggest INQUIRE can enhance project planning and method (eg, QI, EBP, research, and innovation) selection. Organizations should evaluate project planning current state to identify the potential benefit of model incorporation.
Assessing the reliability of the CD4 depletion model in the presence of ending the HIV epidemic initiatives
Authors: Tang Michael E. , Goyal Ravi , Anderson Christy M. , Mehta Sanjay R. , Little Susan J. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Accurate estimates of HIV incidence are necessary to monitor progress towards Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative targets (90% decline by 2030). US incidence estimates are derived from a CD4 depletion model (CD4 model). We performed simulation-based analyses to investigate the ability of this model to estimate HIV incidence when implementing EHE interventions that have the potential to shorten the duration between HIV infection and diagnosis (diagnosis delay).

Methods:
Our simulation study evaluates the impact of three parameters on the accuracy of incidence estimates derived from the CD4 model: rate of HIV incidence decline, length of diagnosis delay, and sensitivity of using CD4 counts to identify new infections (recency error). We model HIV incidence and diagnoses after the implementation of a theoretical prevention intervention and compare HIV incidence estimates derived from the CD4 model to simulated incidence.

Results:
Theoretical interventions that shortened the diagnosis delay (10–50%) result in overestimation of HIV incidence by the CD4 model (10–92%) in the first year and by more than 10% for the first six years after implementation of the intervention. Changes in the rate of HIV incidence decline and the presence of recency error had minimal impact on the accuracy of incidence estimates derived from the CD4 model.

Conclusion:
In the setting of EHE interventions to identify persons living with HIV earlier during infection, the CD4 model overestimates HIV incidence. Alternative methods to estimate incidence based on objective measures of incidence are needed to assess and monitor EHE interventions.
Feasibility study of a novel co-designed online training program for circus coaches working with preschool-aged children born preterm
Authors: Coulston Free , Toovey Rachel , Sellick Kath , Mainzer Rheanna M , Binstock Loni , Spittle Alicia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeProviding specialised training to community-based physical activity instructors (such as circus coaches) has been identified as a potential strategy to increase participation for preschool-aged children born preterm. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of a novel co-designed training program “CirqAll: professional development for circus coaches” (CirqAll:PD), which aimed to increase coaches’ knowledge, skills, and confidence in working with children born preterm.Materials and methodsCirqAll:PD consisted of 10-hours of online self-directed content and four 90-minute online workshops completed over four weeks. Recruitment capability, acceptability, implementation fidelity and limited efficacy testing were evaluated using a case series design.ResultsFifty-one circus coaches were enrolled, and 27 completed CirqAll:PD. Reasons for attrition were primarily related to the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability’s (TFA) concept of burden. All 27 coaches indicated that CirqAll:PD was acceptable (TFA questionnaire). Overall intervention fidelity was high (high adherence to planned delivery, moderate adherence to dosage, and excellent participant responsiveness). Limited efficacy testing revealed positive trends regarding coaches’ knowledge, skills, and confidence (Determinants of Implementation Behaviour Questionnaire).ConclusionsThese results support the feasibility of CirqAll:PD. Adaptations to reduce attrition and burden on participants are required prior to further testing.
Self-Directed Home-Based Dim-Light Melatonin Onset Collection: The Circadia Pilot Study
Authors: Bormes Gregory , Love Jessica , Oluwaseun Akeju , Cherry Jakob , Kunorozva Lovemore , Qadri Salim , Rahman Shadab A. , Westover Brandon , Winkelman John , Lane Jacqueline M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectivesTo test the feasibility of a novel at-home salivary Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO) assessment protocol to measure the endogenous circadian phase of 10 individuals (1 Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder patient (ASWPD), 4 Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder patients (DSWPD), and 5 controls).MethodsThe study involved 10 participants (sex at birth: females = 9; male= 1), who ranged between 27 to 63 years old, with an average age of 38 years old. Our study population consisted of 7 individuals who identified as white and 3 who identified as Asian. Our participants were diverse in gender identity (woman = 7, male = 1, transgender = 1, nonbinary = 1, none = 1).The study tracked the sleep and activity patterns of 10 individuals over a 5-6 week period using self-reported online sleep diaries and objective actigraphy data. Participants completed two self-directed DLMO assessments, approximately one week apart, adhering to objective compliance measures. Participants completed the study entirely remotely: they completed all sleep diaries and other evaluations online and were mailed a kit with all materials needed to perform the actigraphy and at-home sample collections.ResultsSalivary DLMO times were calculated for 8/10 participants using the Hockeystick method. DLMO times were on average 3 hours and 18 minutes earlier than self-reported sleep onset times (DSPD: 12:04 AM, controls: 9:55 PM.) Among the 6 participants for whom we calculated two separate DLMO times, DLMOs 1 and 2 were 96% correlated (p<0.0005.)ConclusionsOur results indicate that self-directed, at-home DLMO assessments are feasible and accurate. The current protocol may serve as a framework to reliably assess circadian phase in both clinical and general populations.
Complexes of vertebrate TMC1/2 and CIB2/3 proteins form hair-cell mechanotransduction cation channels
Authors: Giese Arnaud P. J. , Weng Wei-Hsiang , Kindt Katie S. , Chang Hui Ho Vanessa , Montgomery Jonathan S. , Ratzan Evan M. , Beirl Alisha J. , Rivera Roberto Aponte , Lotthammer Jeffrey M. , Walujkar Sanket , Foster Mark P. , Zobeiri Omid A. , Holt Jeffrey R. , Riazuddin Saima , Cullen Kathleen E. , Sotomayor Marcos , Ahmed Zubair M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCalcium and integrin-binding protein 2 (CIB2) and CIB3 bind to transmembrane channel-like 1 (TMC1) and TMC2, the pore-forming subunits of the inner-ear mechano-electrical transduction (MET) apparatus. These interactions have been proposed to be functionally relevant across mechanosensory organs and vertebrate species. Here we show that both CIB2 and CIB3 can form heteromeric complexes with TMC1 and TMC2 and are integral for MET function in mouse cochlea and vestibular end organs as well as in zebrafish inner ear and lateral line. Our AlphaFold 2 models suggest that vertebrate CIB proteins can simultaneously interact with at least two cytoplasmic domains of TMC1 and TMC2 as validated using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of TMC1 fragments interacting with CIB2 and CIB3. Molecular dynamics simulations of TMC1/2 complexes with CIB2/3 predict that TMCs are structurally stabilized by CIB proteins to form cation channels. Overall, our work demonstrates that intact CIB2/3 and TMC1/2 complexes are integral to hair-cell MET function in vertebrate mechanosensory epithelia.
Stroke Hospitalization Administration & Monitoring: Routine Or Covid-19 Care (SHAMROCC)
Authors: Langlois-Thérien Timothé , Shamy Michel , Dewar Brian , Ramsay Tim , Lun Ronda , Blacquière Dylan , Fahed Robert , Dowlatshahi Dar , Stotts Grant , Ducroux Célina 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDMonitoring stroke patients in critical-care units for 24 hours after thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy is considered standard of care but is not evidence-based. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, our center modified its protocol in April 2021 with 24-hour critical-care monitoring no longer being guaranteed for stroke patients. We aim to compare the incidence and timing of complications over the first 24 hours post-reperfusion therapies and their association to hospital unit in 2019, 2020 and 2021.METHODSWe conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study. We analyzed data from stroke patients treated with thrombolysis and/or endovascular thrombectomy at our center in 2019 (pre-Covid-19, standard of care), 2020 (during Covid-19, standard of care) and 2021 (during Covid-19, new protocol). Data extracted included demographics, the nature and timing of complications within the first 24 hours, and the unit at the time of any complication. Major complications included neurologic deterioration, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, systemic bleeding, rapid assessment of critical events call, and death.RESULTSThree hundred forty-nine patients were included in our study: 78 patients in 2019, 115 patients in 2020, and 156 patients in 2021. In 2021, 32% of patients experienced at least one complication within the first 24 hours compared to 34% in 2020 and 27% in 2019. In 2021, 33% of patients admitted to critical-care units had a complication compared to 31% in 2020 and 26% in 2019. In 2021, 70% of complications had occurred by hour eight compared to 49% in 2020 and 29% in 2019. Patients with low NIHSS score at presentation and treated only with tPA had significantly less complications.CONCLUSIONSDespite the change of protocol in April 2021, the incidence and timing of complications did not significantly worsen compared to prior years and were not associated with hospital location. Further research is required to evaluate the necessity of critical care monitoring for 24 hours in this population, specifically patients with low NIHSS score at presentation and treated only with tPA.
Engineering a highly durable adeno-associated virus receptor for analytical applications
Authors: Yoshida Kouhei , Tsunekawa Yuji , Kurihara Kento , Watanabe Kazuya , Makino Yuriko , Tanaka Toru , Ide Teruhiko , Okada Takashi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdeno-associated virus (AAV) is a major viral vector used in gene therapy. There are multiple AAV serotypes, and many engineered AAV serotypes with modified capsids altering tissue tropism are enthusiastically being developed. The universal AAV receptor (AAVR) is an essential receptor for multiple AAV infections. Since most AAV serotypes used in gene therapy infect cells via interaction with AAVR, the quantification of the vector-binding ability of AAV to AAVR could be an important quality check for therapeutic AAV vectors. To enable a steady evaluation of the AAV-AAVR interaction, we created an engineered AAVR through mutagenesis. Engineered AAVR showed high durability against acid while retaining its AAV-binding activity and an affinity chromatography column with engineered AAVR was also developed. This column enabled repeated binding and acid dissociation measurements of AAVR with various AAV serotypes. Our data showed that the binding affinities of AAV to AAVR were diverse among serotypes, providing insight into the relationship with the infection efficiency of AAV vectors. Thus, this affinity column can be used in process development for quality checks, quantitating capsid titers, and affinity purification of AAV vectors. Furthermore, this column may work for a useful tool of novel AAV vector capsid engineering.
Genetically Encodablein situGelation Redox-Responsive Collagen-Like Protein Hydrogel for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Jia Shuang , Wang Jie , Wang Xiaojie , Liu Xing , Li Shubin , Li Yimiao , Li Jiaqi , Wang Jieqi , Man Shad , Guo Zhao , Sun Yinan , Jia Zhenzhen , Wang Liyao , Li Xinyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGenetically encoded collagen-like protein-based hydrogels have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in promoting the healing process in diabetic patients. However, the current methods for preparing these hydrogels pose significant challenges due to harsh reaction conditions and the reliance on chemical crosslinkers. In this study, we present a genetically encoded approach that allows for the creation of protein hydrogels without the need for chemical additives. Our design involves the genetic encoding of paired-cysteine residues at the C- and N-terminals of a meticulously engineered collagen-like recombination protein. The protein-based hydrogel undergoes a gel-sol transition in response to redox stimulation, achieving a sol-gel transition. We provide evidence that the co-incubation of the protein hydrogel with 3T3 cells not only enhances cell viability but also promotes cell migration. Moreover, the application of the protein hydrogel significantly accelerates the healing of diabetic wounds by upregulating the expression of COL-1α and CK-14, while simultaneously reducing oxidant stress in the wound microenvironment. Our study highlights a straightforward and chemical-free strategy for the preparation of redox-responsive protein hydrogels. Importantly, our findings underscore the potential of this hydrogel system for effectively treating diabetic wounds, offering a promising avenue for future therapeutic applications.
Telomerase inhibition by MST-312 sensitises breast cancer cells to anti-cancer properties of Plumbagin
Authors: Sameni Safoura , Viswanathan Ramya , Quan Gavin Yong-NG , Martinez-Lopezm Wilner , Hande Prakash 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cause of malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer death in women. This heterogeneous disease is currently broadly classified as ER, PG positive luminal tumours, HER2 amplified tumours and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). Natural plant derived compounds are proven to be promising anti-cancer chemotherapeutics agents with minimal cytotoxic effects on healthy cells. Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone) is a phytochemical derived from the roots ofPlumbago zeylanicaand it is known to possess anti-cancer properties similar to other compounds of naphthoquinones. In about 90 % of cancer cells, the telomerase enzyme activity is revived to add telomeric repeats to evade apoptosis. In this study, a combinatorial approach of combining anti-cancer compound Plumbagin to induce genotoxicity and a potent telomerase inhibitor, MST-312 (synthetic derivative of tea-catechins) was used to determine the synthetic lethality in breast cancer cells such as MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) and MCF-7 (lumina) cells. MDA-MB-231 cells were responsive to combination treatment to both short-term (48 hours) and long-term treatment (14 days) in a synergistic manner, whereas in MCF-7, the combination treatment was more effective in the long-term regimen. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effects of the Plumbagin and MST-312 combination treatment were not recoverable after the short-term treatment. In conclusion, combination treatment of MST-312 and Plumbagin is proven to be more effective than single Plumbagin compound treatment, in inducing DNA damage and telomere dysfunction leading to greater genome instability, cell cycle arrest and eventually cell death in cancer cells.
Structural basis of substrate progression through the chaperonin cycle
Authors: Gardner Scott , Darrow Michele C. , Lukyanova Natasha , Thalassinos Konstantinos , Saibil Helen R. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe bacterial chaperonin GroEL-GroES promotes protein folding through ATP-regulated cycles of substrate protein binding, encapsulation, and release. Here, we have used cryoEM to determine structures of GroEL, GroEL-ADP·BeF3, and GroEL-ADP·AlF3-GroES all complexed with the model substrate Rubisco. Our structures provide a series of snapshots that show how the conformation and interactions of non-native Rubisco change as it proceeds through the GroEL-GroES reaction cycle. We observe specific charged and hydrophobic GroEL residues forming strong initial contacts with non-native Rubisco. Binding of ATP or ADP·BeF3to GroEL-Rubisco results in the formation of an intermediate GroEL complex displaying striking asymmetry in the ATP/ADP·BeF3-bound ring. In this ring, four GroEL subunits bind Rubisco and the other three are in the GroES-accepting conformation, explaining how GroEL can recruit GroES without releasing bound substrate. Our cryoEM structures of stalled GroEL-ADP·AlF3-Rubisco-GroES complexes show Rubisco folding intermediates interacting with GroEL-GroES via different sets of residues.
Improving Multichannel Raw Electroencephalography-based Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder by Pretraining Deep Learning Models with Single Channel Sleep Stage Data*
Authors: Ellis Charles A. , Sattiraju Abhinav , Miller Robyn L. , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs the field of deep learning has grown in recent years, its application to the domain of raw resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) has also increased. Relative to traditional machine learning methods or deep learning methods applied to extracted features, there are fewer methods for developing deep learning models on small raw EEG datasets. One potential approach for enhancing deep learning performance in this case is the use of transfer learning. In this study, we propose a novel EEG transfer learning approach wherein we first train a model on a large publicly available sleep stage classification dataset. We then use the learned representations to develop a classifier for automated major depressive disorder diagnosis with raw multichannel EEG. We find that our approach improves model performance, and we further examine how transfer learning affected the representations learned by the model through a pair of explainability analyses. Our proposed approach represents a significant step forward for the domain raw resting-state EEG classification. Furthermore, it has the potential to expand the use of deep learning methods across more raw EEG datasets and lead to the development of more reliable EEG classifiers.Clinical RelevanceThe proposed approach takes the field of deep learning in EEG a step closer to the robustness needed for clinical implementation.