bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between non-photochemical quenching efficiency and the energy transfer rate from phycobilisomes to photosystem II
Authors: Stadnichuk Igor N. , Krasilnikov Pavel M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The chromophorylated PBLcm domain of the ApcE linker protein in the cyanobacterial phycobilisome (PBS) serves as a bottleneck for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the PBS to the antennal chlorophyll of photosystem II (PS II) and as a redirection point for energy distribution to the orange protein ketocarotenoid (OCP), which is excitonically coupled to the PBLcm chromophore in the process of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under high light conditions. The involvement of PBLcm in the quenching process was first directly demonstrated by measuring steady-state fluorescence spectra of cyanobacterial cells at different stages of NPQ development. The time required to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the OCP is several times shorter than the time it takes to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the PS II, ensuring quenching efficiency. The data obtained provide an explanation for the different rates of PBS quenching in vivo and in vitro according to the half ratio of OCP/PBS in the cyanobacterial cell, which is tens of times lower than that realised for an effective NPQ process in solution.
Antenatal hydronephrosis: role of different sonographic approaches in predicting prognosis
Authors: Mohammadjafari Hamid , jafari Kosar , Abedi Seyed Mohammad , Sarouei Mahboubeh Jafari , Momeni Mohaddeseh , Rad Hani Rostami , Salehpour Seyedeh Mahsa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Antenatal hydronephrosis (AH) is a common finding in prenatal assessment. We assessed and compared society of fetal urology ( SFU) ,anteroposterior pelvic diameter ( APD) and, urinary tract dilation ( UTD) classification criteria in predicting prognosis .
Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed neonates with a history of antenal hydronephrosis.We analyzed relation between each of three classification ways with etiologic diagnosis and prognosis of AH. Prognosis was classified as four grades, from transient hydronephrosis ( Grade 1) Grade 4 as severe kidney involvemevt or any need to surgery.
Results : We enroled 290 neonates with a mean age of 16.4 ±9.0 days, 33% were female , One third had severe VUR , severe obstruction observed in 19 (22%) patients, 40% had transient hydronephrosis, 26 (9%) need to surgery. Only antenatal SFU grading showed significant relation with severe obstruction and only Postnatal SFU grading was related to severity of VUR. The highest sensitivity was ; prenatal SFU-1 (100%) , postnatal SFU-1 (98%) for VUR presence ; prenatal and postnatal SFU-1 (100%) for surgery. The highest specificity was ; prenatal SFU-4 (96%) , postnatal UTD-P3 (73%) for VUR presence; prenatal SFU-4(99%) and postnatal SFU-4 (94%) for surgery .
Conclusion: There are no reliable prenatal sonographic finding to predict VUR or severe UPJO , SFU grading in postnatal period can predict VUR with a low sensitivity and specificity. All three classification systems have good ability to evaluate prognostic items such as need to surgery.
Urinary Sirtuin2/Creatinine Ratio Correlates with Severity of Albuminuria and Tubular Injury in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Authors: dai yali , Peng Juan , Luo Yanfang , Xiong Lianlian , Wu Su , Liao Xiangyu , Yi Bin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims: The early diagnosis of kidney injury in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is important to prevent the long-term damaging effects of kidney loss and is decisive for patient outcomes. This study was designed to investigate Sirtuin2 (SIRT2) expression and evaluate the performance of SIRT2 in T2DM patients.
Methods: A total of 163 T2DM patients were divided into three groups according to their urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR): normal to mildly increased (A1 group, UACR < 30 mg/g, n = 58), moderately increased (A2 group, UACR 30-300 mg/g, n = 52), and severely increased (A3 group, UACR > 300 mg/g, n = 53), with healthy individuals (NC group, n = 40) as controls. SIRT2 levels in serum and urine were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunoturbidimetry was employed to detect biomarkers of kidney injury such as urinary albumin, α1-microglobulin, β2-microglobulin, and retinol-binding protein. After urinary creatinine correction, they were expressed as USCR, UACR, UαCR, UβCR, and URCR, respectively.
Results: We found USCR levels in the A3 group were highest than those in NC and A1 groups, and USCR levels above the median level were linked to higher levels of UACR, UαCR, UβCR, and URCR. However, no significant difference existed in serum SIRT2 level among all groups. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that USCR was positively correlated with UACR, UαCR, UβCR, and URCR and was negatively linked to eGFR. ROC curve demonstrated that USCR had high sensitivity or specificity for distinguishing glomerular and tubular injury in T2DM patients. Logistic ordered multi-classification regression analysis confirmed that USCR remained a risk factor for severity of albuminuria in T2DM patients after adjustment for confounding factors.
Conclusion: Urinary SIRT2 is not only an effective indicator for glomerular and tubular injury in T2DM patients but also an important risk factor for severity of albuminuria.
The antimicrobial activity of vitamin D 3 and omega-3 combination against pathogenic microorganisms
Authors: AL-Najjar Mohammad A. A. , Abdulrazzaq Shaymaa B. , Barakat Muna , Omar Amin , Zrieq Rafat , Hasen Eliza , Samak Mahmoud Abu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Food supplemnts such as vitamin D3 and omega-3 have a significant impact on controlling pathogens. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of combined vitamin D3 and omega-3 against selected pathogens. Minimum inhibitory activities of different serial dilutions of vitamin D3 (1.8 µM-216.6 µM) or omega-3 (0.8 mM-110 mM) or combined (vitamin D3: 0.8 µM -108.2 µM and omega-3: 0.3 mM -55 mM) have been investigated on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. All the tested concentrations of vitamin D3 and omega-3 as a separate treatement were significantly different from the positive control in terms of microbial log-reduction. The highest concentration of vitamin D3 demonstrated a complete eradication of the tested microorganisms. Conversely, omega-3 had a lower effect on them. Combining 27 µM vitamin D3 and 13.5mM omega-3 resulted in ~ 0.4 to 0.6 log reduction of S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeuregnosa and C. albicans. On the other hand, C. albicans had 1.1 log reduction at a combination of 108.4 µM vitamin D3 and 55 mM of omega-3. Proposed mechanisms of the lowered antimicrobial activity when using the combination are discussed. These findings showed decreased antimicrobial effect of the combination and suggest a similar in vivo study to evaluate wheather taking the combination together or not.
A circular closed-loop supply chain network with an epsilon-constraint and NSGA-II approach
Authors: Jaferi Fatemeh , Shahin Arash , Vasili Mohammadreza , Hassani Omid Boyer 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Due to the lack of efficient waste management growing environmental pollutions leads to threatens the live of mankind and our planet. Good waste management need appropriate planning and monitoring at all different levels including designing, manufacturing, distribution, collection, recycling and disposal that require a circular approach. Circular supply chain, offers a new and compelling perspective to the supply chain sustainability domain. Therefor having proper solution approach for circular supply chains is of great value. To this end, in this paper suitable solution approaches has been presented for a multi-echelon, multi-product, multi-period and multi-objective mixed integer linear programing. This model is designed for a circular closed-loop supply chain that considered digital devices. The conflicting objectives of the model are to minimize total costs on the entire chain and environmental pollution and to maximize total rate of unemployment reduction. The Epsilon-constraint method is proposed to solve small size of the problem. A Pareto set of optimal solutions helped to assess the trade-offs involving the three objective. Because this problem is of NP-hard category, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to find near optimal Pareto front for large size of the problem. To demonstrate the efficiency of the metaheuristic algorithm the answers obtained in small dimensions are compared with the answers obtained from the Epsilon-constraint method. The results show that the error percentage of the objective function compared to the epsilon method in all solved problems is less than 1%, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Reducing the solving time especially in the large dimensions of the problem is one of the advantages of this solution method. Using these methods allows decision makers to provide a set of efficient optimal solutions so that they can select the best point, according to the available budget and their organization policies.
Enhancing Object Recognition in Hazy Scenes with Boundary-Constrained Dehazing and YOLOv7 Architecture
Authors: Vishwakarma Sandeep , Pillai Anuradha , Punj Deepika 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to improving object recognition in hazy scenes by combining boundary-constrained dehazing and YOLOv7 architecture. The current approaches encounter challenges in maintaining a trade-off between improving low-lazy images and detecting objects. In order to address this issue, the current study suggests a new method. This novel technique employs hazy images sourced from the RESIDE SOTS dataset and evaluates diverse dehazing methods based on the PSNR and SSIM metrics. The proposed method uses hazy images collected from the RESIDE SOTS dataset and compares various dehazing approaches using PSNR and SSIM metrics. Our approach enhances object recognition accuracy in hazy scenes by removing the atmospheric haze through boundary constraints and applying the state-of-the-art YOLOv7 architecture for object detection. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms other dehazing methods in terms of PSNR and SSIM metrics, achieving higher recognition accuracy for objects in hazy scenes. The proposed approach can be applied to various real-world applications such as autonomous driving, video surveillance, and environmental monitoring, where object recognition in hazy conditions is crucial.
The offline-to-online shift of medical education during COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed method study of medical teachers and students from India
Authors: Das Arani , Printhviraj Manoj , Patel Sanjay Kumar , Mirdha Meena , Rath Rama Shankar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Most institutes worldwide have experienced a forced shift to online mode education during COVID 19 pandemic. As in Indian Medical Institutions e-learning is not a well-established mode of teaching, it disrupts the newly implemented competency based medical education (CBME). This sudden shift in educational methods introduced new experiences, opportunities, and difficulties among medical teachers and students. In this study we explore undergraduate medical students and teachers’ perception, detailed insights and learning experience on online medical education.
Method:
This is an institution based mixed methods study conducted at three medical institutes in India. A self-prepared semi structured questionnaire was applied to extract various prospective of teaching and assessment through online mode. Qualitative descriptive design was applied using focused group discussion. All FGDs were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify themes and subthemes regarding perceptions of online and offline education.
Result:
A total of 323 medical students out of 510 and 35 medical teachers out of 71 were included in the study. Most students and teachers agreed to the fact that they faced technical difficulties, perceived less connected, and felt difficulty in achieving desired competencies. In qualitative analysis five major themes (Learning Environment, Technology, Competency, Health issues, Assessment) and multiple subthemes were identified.
Conclusion:
Improvement of the online teaching methods with appropriate technical advancement may help to reduce the gap between the online and offline teaching learning modalities.
The effects of projected climate change on crop water availability in the U.S. Caribbean
Authors: Moraes Flávia D. S. , Ramseyer Craig , Gamble Douglas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change affects small islands, and farming systems in the Caribbean are vulnerable to climate change due to their high dependence on rainfall. Therefore, this work evaluated how temperature and precipitation projections affect water crop needs in Puerto Rico and St. Croix. We used Daymet data to create a baseline climatology (1981–2010) and the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to create future climatologies (2041–2070 and 2071–2100). A water budget model estimated the water deficit, and the crop risk (CROPRISK) model determined crop suitability for sweet pepper, banana, and plantain. Results indicated an increase in water stress after 2041 for most of the region from June to August, except for western Puerto Rico, where it will occur from January to March. For sweet pepper, banana, and plantain, the most water-stressed season is projected to be January–July. November will be the only month during which all crops are projected to be highly suitable through the end of the 21st century. These findings suggested that Puerto Rico and St. Croix crop water stress may be more sensitive to changes in temperature than precipitation.
Structure-Activity Relationships and Therapeutic Potential of
Purinergic P2X7 Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Ghafir El Idrissi Imane , Podlewska Sabina , Abate Carmen , Bojarski Andrzej J. , Lacivita Enza , Leopoldo Marcello 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), an ATP-gated non-selective cation
channel, has emerged as a gatekeeper of inflammation that controls the release of proinflammatory
cytokines. As a key player in initiating the inflammatory signaling cascade,
the P2X7 receptor is currently under intense scrutiny as a target for the treatment of different
pathologies, including chronic inflammatory disorders (rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis),
chronic neuropathic pain, mood disorders (depression and anxiety), neurodegenerative
diseases, ischemia, cancer (leukemia), and many others. For these reasons,
pharmaceutical companies have invested in discovering compounds able to modulate the
P2X7R and filed many patent applications. This review article presents an account of
P2X7R structure, function, and tissue distribution, emphasizing its role in inflammation.
Next, we illustrate the different chemical classes of non-competitive P2X7R antagonists
reported by highlighting their properties and qualities as clinical candidates for treating inflammatory
disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss the efforts to develop
effective Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radioligands to progress the understanding
of the pathomechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders, to provide evidence of
drug-target engagement, and to assist clinical dose selection for novel drug therapies.
Update on Pharmacological Treatment for Comorbid Major Depressive
and Alcohol Use Disorders: The Role of Extended-release Trazodone
Authors: Di Nicola Marco , Pepe Maria , Panaccione Isabella , Moccia Lorenzo , Janiri Luigi , Sani Gabriele 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) are major
public health concerns because of their high prevalence and clinical and functional severity. MDD
and AUD commonly co-occur, but effective therapeutic approaches for comorbidity are still scarce.
Available evidence on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants held mixed
results, and further pharmacological categories have been less investigated. Trazodone is an approved
antidepressant drug for adults and has shown efficacy on symptoms like anxiety and insomnia observed
in AUD patients as well. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of extended-release trazodone
on clinical and functional features in MDD + AUD subjects.

Methods:
One hundred MDD + AUD outpatients were retrospectively evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months
of treatment with extended-release trazodone (150-300 mg/day, flexibly dosed). Improvement in depressive
symptoms was the primary outcome measure. Changes in anxiety, sleep, functioning, quality
of life, clinical global severity, and alcohol craving were also investigated.

Results:
Trazodone reduced depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) with 54.5% remission at the endpoint.
Similar improvements were observed in all secondary outcomes, including anxiety, sleep alterations,
and craving (p < 0.001). Only mild side effects were reported and disappeared over time.

Conclusion:
Extended-release trazodone displayed good antidepressant properties in MDD + AUD
patients, ameliorating overall symptomatology, functioning, and quality of life, with a good safety/
tolerability profile. Further, it significantly improved sleep disturbances and craving symptoms, which
are associated with drinking relapse and worse outcomes. Therefore, trazodone might represent a
promising pharmacological option for MDD + AUD patients.
Achievements in Hypothyroidism Treatment with Herbal Medicine: A
Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Javidi Najmeh , Khorasani Zahra Mazloum , Salari Roshanak , Niroumand Shabnam , Yousefi Mahdi 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disease in the world that causes
morbidity and mortality due to its association with metabolic diseases, especially in old age, and longterm
treatment with levothyroxine causes many side effects for patients. Treatment with herbal medicine
can regulate thyroid hormones and prevent side effects.

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review is the evaluation of the effect of herbal medicine on
the signs and symptoms of primary hypothyroidism.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled
Trials were searched until 4 May, 2021. We selected randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that have assessed
the effect of herbal medicine on hypothyroidism.

Results:
Out of 771 articles, 4 trials with 186 participants were included. In one study, Nigella sativa
L. caused a significant decrease in weight (P=0.004) and body mass index (BMI) (P=0.002). TSH levels
were reported to be decreased and T3 increased in the treatment group (P =0.03) (P=0.008), respectively.
In another study on Nigella sativa L., results did not show a significant difference between
the two groups (p=0.02). A significant decrease in total cholesterol (CHL) and fasting blood sugar
(FBS) was reported in participants with negative anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies. In patients
with positive anti-TPO antibodies, a significant increase in total cholesterol and FBS was observed
in the intervention group (p=0.02). In the third RCT, T3 in the ashwagandha group at 4 and 8
weeks significantly increased by 18.6% (p=0.012) and 41.5% (p < 0.001), respectively. A noticeable
increase was found in the T4 level from baseline by 9.3% (p= 0.002) and 19.6% (p < 0.001) at 4 and 8
weeks, respectively. TSH levels fell remarkably in the intervention group compared to placebo at 4
weeks (p <0.001) and 8 weeks (p <0.001), respectively. In the last article selected, Mentha x Piperita
L. showed no significant difference in fatigue scores between intervention and control groups at the
midpoint (day 7), while fatigue scores improved in the intervention group in all subscales compared to
the control group on day 14.

Conclusion:
Some herbal remedies, including Nigella sativa L., ashwagandha, and Mentha x Piperita
L., can improve the signs and symptoms of primary hypothyroidism, but using a more extensive and
advanced methodology will provide us with more complete results.
Alpha Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide, Neuropeptide Y, and Substance P
as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Disease Activity and Severity in Multiple
Sclerosis
Authors: Al-Keilani Maha S. , Almomani Basima A. , Jaradat Saied A. , Al-Sawalha Nour A. , Qawasmeh Majdi Al 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Alpha calcitonin gene-related peptide (aCGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and
substance P (SP) are neuropeptides that have emerged recently as potent immunomodulatory factors
with potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective:
The study aimed to detect serum levels of aCGRP, NPY, and SP in MS patients versus
healthy controls and their association with disease activity and severity.

Methods:
Serum levels were measured in MS patients and age and sex-matched healthy controls using
ELISA.

Results:
We included 67 MS patients: 61 relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) and 6 progressive MS
(PR-MS), and 67 healthy controls. Serum NPY level was found to be lower in MS patients than in
healthy controls (p < 0.001). Serum aCGRP level was higher in PR-MS compared to RR-MS (p =
0.007) and healthy controls (p = 0.001), and it positively correlated with EDSS (r = 0.270, p = 0.028).
Serum NPY level was significantly higher in RR-MS and PR-MS than in healthy controls (p < 0.001
and p = 0.001, respectively), and it was lower in patients with mild or moderate/severe disease than in
healthy controls (p <0.001). Significant inverse correlations were found between SP level and MS
disease duration (r = -0.279, p = 0.022) and duration of current DMT (r = -0.315, p = 0.042).

Conclusion:
Lower serum levels of NPY were revealed in MS patients compared to healthy controls.
Since serum levels of aCGRP are significantly associated with disease activity and severity, it is a potential
disease progression marker.
Accuracy in the Marginal Adaptation and/or Internal Adaptation of Full-coverage Fixed Prostheses Made with Digital Impressions and Conventional Impressions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cajas-Guamán María , Cabrera-Toro María , Astudillo-Ortiz Jaime , Abad-Salinas Yulissa , Astudillo-Rubio Daniela , Delgado-Gaete Bolívar 
Published: April 2023

Aim:

The study aimed to verify compliance of the systematic reviews with the requirements established by the scientific community and demonstrate the validity and reliability of the systematic reviews conducted on the accuracy (marginal adaptation and/or internal adaptation) of the full-coverage fixed prostheses made with digital impressions versus conventional impressions.

Methods:
A search was performed for systematic reviews in three electronic databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as in the gray literature. In the search strategy, medical subject heading (MeSH) words were used in PubMed, and free terms were used for the titles and abstracts of each article. Each keyword was separated by the Boolean operator OR and later combined with the Boolean operator AND. Six systematic reviews were included for qualitative synthesis. To assess the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews, the AMSTAR 2 tool was used.

Results:
The search yielded 131 studies, of which 78 remained after removing duplicates. The title and abstract of each chosen study were assessed, and 22 articles were included for full-text reading. Finally, six studies were included, of which three studies were considered to have low confidence, while the other three were considered to have critically low confidence. In addition, the six SRs evaluated the adaptation or marginal fit, while only three studies measured internal adaptation.

Conclusion:
The use of digital impressions in single fixed prostheses maintains a marginal level within the limit of clinical acceptability; however, the methodological quality of systematic reviews is poor, according to the AMSTAR 2 tool.