bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Posttraumatic Hip Arthroplasty following Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Schmidutz Florian , Schreiner Anna Janine , Ahrend Marc-Daniel , Stöckle Ulrich , Maier Sven , Histing Tina , Hemmann Philipp 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background Raised complication rates have been reported for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in posttraumatic hip joints after acetabular fractures with prior open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The present study evaluated (I) postoperative surgical site infection and the risk of early infection following THA in posttraumatic hip joints after acetabular fractures and (II) the discriminatory ability of preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).
Materials and Methods Patients were included who had undergone THA (2014–2019) after prior ORIF, and nonsurgically treated acetabular fractures. Patients’ demographics and the duration between fracture and THA implantation were assessed. Preoperative diagnostic testing (laboratory results, hip aspirations) as well as the results of intraoperative microbiological swabs and sonication were also evaluated. Postoperative complications were recorded.
Results Sixty-seven patients (51 men/16 women) were included, with a mean age of 54.7 ± 14.0 years (range: 18.0–82.9). The mean time between acetabular fracture and THA was 13.5 ± 14.9 years (0.2–53.5). Four subgroups were classified: subgroup I (nonsurgical, n = 15), subgroup II (complete removal of osteosynthesis, n = 8), subgroup III (partial removal of osteosynthesis, n = 15), and subgroup IV (remaining osteosynthesis, n = 29). Preoperative CRP blood levels were normal. CRP levels had no discriminatory ability to predict PJI (AUC: 0.43). Positive microbiological swabs were assessed in subgroups III (n = 1) and IV (n = 2). Complications during follow-up occurred in subgroups I (one aseptic loosening [6.7%]), III (one wound revision [6.7%], two low-grade infections [13.3%]), and IV (three low-grade infections [10.3%]).
Conclusion High infection rates were found in patients with THA after acetabular fracture with remaining implants or partial implant removal. Serum CRP alone seems to be a poor predictor. Therefore, an extensive diagnostic algorithm can help to detect an occult infection, including preoperative hip aspiration (microbiological samples and measurements of synovial CRP, WBC, and alpha-defensin levels). Intraoperative tissue samples and sonication results should be obtained during THA implantation.
Bricolage and Entrepreneurial Branding in Finnish Tourism Business SMEs
Authors: Suomi Kati , Aro Kaisa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe literature on entrepreneurial marketing has grown over the past 25 years, but entrepreneurial branding remains under-studied. The purpose of the present study was to conceptualize entrepreneurial branding in the context of tourism small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Firstly, this study seeks to add to the literature on entrepreneurial branding by developing a new definition of entrepreneurial branding, by looking at literatures on both ‘entrepreneurial’ and ‘branding’ addressing the limitations of existing definitions to offer a more complete conceptualization. Secondly, it explores whether and how tourism business SMEs employ bricolage in their entrepreneurial branding. The study adopts a qualitative approach with abductive reasoning. In total, 20 interviewees representing 16 Finnish tourism SMEs were interviewed. The findings demonstrate resource constraints faced by tourism SMEs in entrepreneurial branding. Unique features of the place, such as history and heritage of place, were significant sources for building a unique brand identity for the SMEs, often at little cost. The study exemplifies how companies use domains of bricolage (Baker and Nelson in Administrative Science Quarterly 50(3):329–366, 2005) to manage resource constraints. The study offers new insights into the contents of entrepreneurial bricolage domains (physical inputs, labor, skills, customers, and the institutional environment) within a specific context, while also suggesting a new bricolage domain in entrepreneurial branding—namely, media bricolage. This domain refers to companies’ innovative and proactive generation of unpaid or low-cost media coverage in different channels for the purposes of brand building.
Cuando baja el sol
Authors: McKinnon Sean , Jung Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although the US Southwest region has a long history of language contact between English and Spanish, the
literature has provided mixed evidence for contact-induced language changes. The present study adds to this body of work with a
variationist analysis of subject position with intransitive constructions in bilingual Arizonan Spanish and monolingual Mexican
Spanish. Overall, our findings demonstrate that both varieties are influenced by the same linguistic factors with the same
directionality of effects. However, the overall rate of post-verbal subjects is lower in bilingual Arizonan Spanish vis-à-vis monolingual Mexican Spanish within almost every linguistic factor, which suggests frequential copying from English’s less flexible
word order. Additionally, there were differences between sociolinguistic generations, first generation bilingual and monolingual
speakers, and the constraint hierarchies of each variety. Altogether, these findings provide preliminary evidence for language
contact, and we outline future avenues to test for contact-induced change with this morphosyntactic variable.
“Le falta barrio”
Authors: Panzuto Piccini Nicolás , Cassany Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Resumen
Este estudio analiza las actitudes lingüísticas en torno a siete variedades del español y la variación léxica hispanoamericana en el ámbito digital. Nos centramos en los comentarios de la “batalla de idiomas”, un reto muy popular en YouTube que presenta prácticas lingüísticas lúdicas protagonizadas por hablantes de distintas variedades hispanohablantes. Analizamos los cien comentarios con más “Me gusta” de los dos retos con más visualizaciones, los clasificamos según el componente actitudinal predominante (afectivo, cognitivo y conativo) y los vinculamos con actitudes de prejuicio, prestigio, (des)lealtad e (in)seguridad lingüísticas en relación con las variedades representadas, así como los grupos asiático, latino e hispano. Aunque emerge una inclinación predominantemente positiva hacia el reconocimiento y el intercambio de las diferentes variedades del español, un número significativo de comentarios cuestionan la autenticidad, los orígenes, las expresiones y la representación de algunos de los participantes, y revelan aspectos controvertidos de la variación.
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Mn-54 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 54Mn to include the 2024 result of the POLATOM (Poland)
Authors: Coulon Romain , Michotte Carine , Courte Sammy , Nonis Manuel , Gressier Vincent , Marganiec-Gałązka Justyna , Saganowski Pawel , Tymiński Zbygniew , Lech Edyta 
Published: January 2025

Main text
Since 1976, 17 laboratories have submitted 43 samples of 54Mn to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), with comparison identifier BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Mn-54. Recently, the POLATOM (Poland) participated in the comparison and the key comparison reference value (KCRV) has been updated. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR and the updated KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table. A graphical representation is also given.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Enhanced induced gravitational waves in Horndeski gravity
Authors: Domènech Guillem , Ganz Alexander 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study secondary gravitational wave production in Horndeski gravity when the scalar field dominates the very early universe.
We find that higher derivative interactions easily dominate the source term on subhorizon scales and significantly enhance the amplitude of induced GWs. For the first time, we analytically derive the Horndeski-induced GW spectrum for a general class of power-law solutions. The main effects of modifications of gravity are stronger resonances and growth of tensor fluctuations on small scales. The maximum attainable amplitude of the induced GW spectrum is bounded by the possible backreaction of higher derivatives on curvature fluctuations, thereby shutting down the source term to induced GWs. We argue that the maximum attainable amplitude depends linearly on the primordial curvature spectrum (ΩGW ∝ 𝒫

ζ
), as opposed to the standard case where it depends quadratically. Resonances may further enhance the maximum amplitude by a factor (k/ℋ

t
)2 or (k/ℋ

t
) respectively for sharp and broad peaks (including a scale-invariant) primordial spectrum, where ℋ

t
is the comoving horizon at the time when standard gravity is recovered. Remarkably, in the scale-invariant case, the Horndeski-induced GW spectrum grows as k
3. This opens up the interesting possibility that induced GWs might be observable despite no enhancement of the primordial curvature spectrum. Our formalism can be generalized to a wider class of solutions and to more general scalar-tensor theories, such as DHOST and spatially covariant gravity. In the appendices, we discuss the gauge issue and disformal transformations of induced GWs.
Dual gravitational wave signatures of instant preheating
Authors: Hu Wei-Yu , Nakayama Kazunori , Takhistov Volodymyr , Tang Yong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the instant preheating scenario efficient particle production occurs immediately
following the period of inflationary expansion in the early Universe. We demonstrate that instant
preheating predicts unique gravitational wave (GW) signals arising from two distinct origins. One
source is the bremsstrahlung GWs produced through the decay of superheavy particles, an inevitable
consequence of instant preheating. The other is GWs generated from the nonlinear dynamics of the
inflaton and coupled scalar fields. Using numerical simulations, we show that the peak of the GW
spectrum shifts depending on the coupling constants of the theory. The detection of these dual GW
signatures, characteristic of instant preheating, provides novel opportunities for probing the
dynamics of the early Universe.
Constraints on axion-like particles from the gamma-ray observation of the Galactic Center
Authors: Zhu Ben-Yang , Huang Xiaoyuan , Yin Peng-Fei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
High energy photons originating from the Galactic Center (GC) region have the potential to
undergo significant photon-axion-like particle (ALP) oscillation effects, primarily induced by the
presence of intense magnetic fields in this region. Observations conducted by imaging atmospheric
Cherenkov telescopes have detected very high energy gamma-rays originating from a point source
known as HESS J1745-290, situated in close proximity to the GC. This source is conjectured to be
associated with the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*. The GC region contains diverse
structures, including molecular clouds and non-thermal filaments, which collectively contribute to
the intricate magnetic field configurations in this region. By utilizing a magnetic field model
specific in the GC region, we explore the phenomenon of photon-ALP oscillations in the gamma-ray
spectrum of HESS J1745-290. Our analysis does not reveal any discernible signature of photon-ALP
oscillations, yielding significant constraints that serve as a complement to gamma-ray
observations of extragalactic sources across a broad parameter region. The uncertainties arising
from the outer Galactic magnetic field models have minor impacts on our results, except for ALP
masses around 10-7 eV, as the dominant influence originates from the intense magnetic field
strength in the inner GC region.
Pure Lovelock gravity regular black holes
Authors: Estrada Milko , Aros Rodrigo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present a new family of regular black holes (RBH) in Pure Lovelock gravity, where the energy density is determined by the gravitational vacuum tension, which varies for each value of n in each Lovelock case. Speculatively, our model may capture quantum effects through gravitational tension. In this way, a hypothetical analogy is drawn between the pair production ratio in the Schwinger effect and our energy density. A notable feature of our model is that the regular solution closely resembles the vacuum solution before reaching the event horizon. For odd n, the transverse geometry is spherical, with phase transitions occurring during evaporation, and the final state of this process is a remnant. For even n, the transverse geometry is non trivial and corresponds to a hyperboloid. In the case of d = 2n+1 with even n, we find an RBH without a dS core and no inner horizon (whose presence has been recently debated in the literature due to the question of whether its presence is unstable or not), and no phase transitions. For d > 2n + 1 with even n, the RBH possesses both an event horizon and a cosmological horizon, also with no inner horizon present. The existence of the cosmological horizon arises without the usual requirement of a positive cosmological constant. From both numerical and analytical analysis, we deduce that as the event horizon expands and the cosmological horizon contracts, thermodynamic equilibrium is achieved in a remnant when the two horizons coincide.
Primordial naked singularities
Authors: Joshi Pankaj S. , Bhattacharyya Sudip 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Primordial black hole formation has been discussed widely, when density perturbations in the early universe cause matter to collapse gravitationally, giving rise to these ultra-compact objects. We propose and point out that such a gravitational collapse would also give rise to primordial naked singularities, that would play an important role in the observable features of present universe. We consider two types of collapse scenarios that give rise to event-like and object-like visible singularities within a cosmological background. We briefly discuss implications of primordial naked singularities, including those for dark matter, vis-a-vis primordial black holes.
Spectra of fermions produced by a time-dependent axion in the radiation- and matter-dominated Universe
Authors: Kulkarni Aditya , Sorbo Lorenzo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Axion-like degrees of freedom generally interact with fermions through a shift symmetric
coupling. As a consequence, a time-dependent axion will lead to the generation of fermions by
amplifying their vacuum fluctuations. We provide the formulae that allow one to determine the
spectra of produced fermions in a generic Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker Universe with
flat spatial slices. Then we derive simple approximate formulae for the spectra of the produced
fermions, as a function of the model parameters, in the specific cases of a radiation- and a
matter-dominated Universe, in the regime in which the backreaction of the produced fermions on the
axionic background can be neglected.
Picosecond timing performances of the FERS time unit
Authors: Giordano F. , Colombini L. , Doroud K. , Maggio C. , Mati A. , Ninci D. , Picchi A. , Tintori C. , Venturini Y. , Williams C. , Williams T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Next-generation high-energy physics experiments will employ high-granularity detectors with thousands of readout channels, necessitating the use of low-power, compact ASICs. The CAEN FrontEnd Readout System (FERS) 5200 integrates these ASICs within small, synchronizable, and distributable systems featuring both Front and Back Ends. The A5203 FERS module incorporates the recently released CERN picoTDC ASIC, enabling high-resolution timing measurements for Time of Arrival (ToA) and Time over Threshold (ToT).

In this work, we analyze the performance of the A5203 unit, which has a 3.125 ps least significant bit (LSB), delivering ToA measurements with an RMS resolution of approximately 7 ps for signals of fixed amplitude, and approximately 20 ps RMS for input signals with variable amplitude over a 50 dB dynamic range over a single board. The amplitude-dependent walk effect is corrected using ToT, which, in addition to walk correction, is also utilised for signal amplitude reconstruction and background reduction.

The A5203 has been successfully applied across various experimental and industrial contexts. In the concluding section of this paper, we will discuss its application within the ProVision project: a PET scanner specialised in imaging aggressive prostate cancer at an early-stage.
Two types of single sphere neutron spectrometers based on micro-structured semiconductor neutron detectors
Authors: Wang J. , Liang Y.C. , Wu R.J. , Bi M.D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Two types of single sphere neutron spectrometers based on a
set of micro-structured semiconductor neutron detectors (MSNDs) were
designed. Each neutron spectrometer consists of 31 MSNDs
symmetrically located at certain positions along three perpendicular
axes within a single moderating sphere. One uses high-density
polyethylene (HDPE) moderating sphere, while the other uses borated
polyethylene rather than HDPE as the outermost thin shell of
moderating sphere. The second design aims to eliminate the
backscattering effects in order to improve the response isotropy of
slow neutrons. For two neutron spectrometers, a charged particle
tracking (CPT) model was built with Monte Carlo transport code MCNPX
to calculate neutron responses for 53 mono-energies from
10-9 MeV to 20 MeV for three different irradiation
geometries. The feasibility of two neutron spectrometers and the
isotropy of neutron responses were evaluated by simulating a set of
irradiation exposures to different typical neutron spectra. A
generalized regression neural network (GRNN) method was used to
unfold neutron spectra without the need to input preset spectral
information by the users. The neutron spectrum unfolding
performance was assessed quantitatively by index Qs
and the
results from two spectrometers were compared and analyzed.
Calibration on timing skew mismatch in time-interleaved ADCs based on self-adaptive particle swarm algorithm
Authors: Deng Jiawei , Liu Chen , Luo Xiangdong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The timing skew mismatch is one of the limitations in the
Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter (TIADC) system
seriously degrades the system performance. In order to solve this
problem, this paper proposes an algorithm to detect the timing skew
mismatch. The self-adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (SAPSO)
algorithm was used to detect the timing skew mismatch in the TIADC
system, and the variable delay line (VDL) was used to calibrate the
detected timing skew mismatch. For verifying the effectiveness of
the proposed algorithm, a 4-channel, 1 GHz and 18 bits TIADC
system model with timing skew mismatch is established. The
simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly
improves the performance of the TIADC system, which the Spurious
Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) is increased by 61.1 dB on average, the
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is increased by 59.17 dB on average,
and the effective Number of Bits (ENOB) is increased by 9.83 bits
on average. Compared with the previous calibration algorithms, the
proposed method has the advantages of simple structure, fast
detection speed and high accuracy.
RF electromagnetic design and multi-physics analysis of CW CH-DTL for AB-BNCT
Authors: Su H.Q. , Li H.P. , Kong G.Q. , Hu Y.C. , Li J.L. , Deng W.T. , Wang S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy
(AB-BNCT) facility is being developed worldwide due to its
advantages, including easy maintenance, low construction costs, and
high safety. To minimize both the length and cost of the
accelerator, we propose a combined acceleration structure that
utilizes a radiofrequency quadrupole linac (RFQ) in conjunction with
a crossbar H-mode drift tube linac (CH-DTL). The CH-DTL rapidly
accelerates the beam to the required energy after the RFQ, with
output energy adjustable from 2.2 MeV to 3.2 MeV. We have
completed the RF electromagnetic design and optimization of the
CH-DTL cavity to fulfill beam dynamics requirements while achieving
high effective shunt impedance. Additionally, we designed the
cooling channels and conducted multi-physics analyses to evaluate
the cavity's performance during continuous wave operation.
SRCES: a simulation program for collective effects in electron storage rings
Authors: Hu Nan , Luo Chuwen , Li Weimin , Wang Lin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Collective effects are important in the physics design of
electron storage rings, especially for the fourth-generation
synchrotron light source, where the collective effects are more
severe than before and limit maximum stored beam current. To
estimate beam collective effects, besides theoretical analysis,
numerical tracking methods are necessary for obtaining more accurate
and comprehensive results. To systematically study the comprehensive
influence of wakefields and various damping mechanisms, we developed
a new code Storage Ring Collective Effects Simulator (SRCES), which
is a tracking code based on macroparticle model in 6-dimensional
phase space. Several models are employed to handle various processes
of particle motion. The modified transfer matrix and high order
Taylor transfer map are used to solve particle motion under external
electro-magnetic fields. A simplified equivalent damping and
excitation model is used to represent the effects of synchrotron
radiation on particle motion. The kick model is used to represent
the influence of wakefields and RF cavity. Furthermore, the wake
function data can be input as numerical arrays directly or through
specific impedance models. In this paper, we describe the basic
theory foundation, functions and benchmarked results of the code
SRCES. Then, SRCES is used to conduct preliminary research on the
collective effects of the Hefei Advanced Light Facility storage
ring.
Questions of Competence
Authors: Fischhoff Baruch 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Many sciences find fundamental insights in by studying pathologies that reveal processes hidden in complex, balancing, self-correcting systems. A potential price of that insight is losing sight of the everyday prevalence of those problems in different populations and situations. In medicine, that can mean seeing a world awash in disease. In management science, it can mean seeing a world rife with incompetence. This chapter discusses the risks to science and to society of that potentially distorted view, with a rush to judgment that undermines respect for the public and unduly narrows research. It proposes applying core management science methods as a form of disciplined empathy to better understand and support decision makers.