bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact on canine neutrophil preservation with the addition of bovine serum albumin to K3‐EDTA whole blood samples
Authors: Reinhart Brodie , Gilroy Cornelia , Clancey Noel , Burton Shelley , Stull Jason W. , Bishop Nicole , Thakur Krishna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCellular deterioration occurs with blood sample aging, impacting white blood cell (WBC) identification and differential accuracy. This may be exacerbated in samples from patients experiencing inflammation. Previously, bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been shown to improve cellular preservation of blood and other samples, but the effect on cell preservation in canine blood has not been assessed.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the effects of BSA on neutrophil nuclear area when added to potassium ethylene diamine tetra‐acetic acid (K3‐EDTA)‐anticoagulated canine blood prior to blood smear preparation. We evaluated the impact of inflammatory leukograms, sample storage temperatures (4° and 20°C), and time on outcomes.Materials and methodsCanine K3‐EDTA‐anticoagulated blood samples stored at 4° and 20°C were used from unique patients, 10 with and 10 without inflammatory leukograms. Blood smears were prepared from aliquots with or without the addition of 22% BSA at 0, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 h. The nuclear area was measured for 25 randomly selected neutrophils per slide using Fiji software. Mixed‐effect linear regression modeling was performed (significance: P < 0.05).ResultsNuclear area increased over time with and without added BSA. Both sample storage temperatures and the presence or absence of an inflammatory leukogram significantly impacted neutrophil nuclear area. Samples with added BSA had slightly higher predicted nuclear areas than those without BSA, but this difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsBSA did not significantly impact neutrophil nuclear area and did not improve neutrophil preservation in canine blood samples.
Multimaterial Topology Optimization of Adhesive Backing Layers via J-Integral and Strain Energy Minimizations
Authors: Tong Zhiyuan , Benvidi Farid H. , Bacca Mattia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Strong adhesives often rely on reduced stress concentrations obtained via specific functional grading of material properties. This can be seen in many examples in nature and engineering. Basic design principles have been formulated based on parametric optimization, but a general design tool is still missing. We propose here the use of topology optimization to achieve optimal stiffness distribution in a multimaterial adhesive backing layer, reducing stress concentration at selected (crack tip) locations. The method involves the minimization of a linear combination of (i) the J-integral around the crack tip and (ii) the strain energy of the structure. This combination is due to the compromise between numerical stability and accuracy of the method, where (i) alone is numerically unstable and (ii) alone cannot eliminate the crack tip stress singularity. We analyze three cases in plane strain conditions, namely, (1) double-edged crack and (2) center crack, in tension, as well as (3) edge crack under shear. Each case evidences a different optimal topology with (1) and (2) providing similar results. The optimal topology allocates stiffness in regions that are far away from the crack tip, and the allocation of softer materials over stiffer ones produces a sophisticated structural hierarchy. To test our solutions, we plot the contact stress distribution across the interface. In all observed cases, we eliminate the stress singularity at the crack tip, albeit generating (mild) stress concentrations in other locations. The optimal topologies are tested to be independent of the crack size. Our method ultimately provides the robust design of flaw tolerant adhesives where the crack location is known.
A Computational Model of Human Proficiency in Engineering Configuration Design
Authors: Brownell Ethan , Cagan Jonathan , Kotovsky Kenneth 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This work introduces the Proficient Simulated Annealing Design Agent Model (PSADA), a cognitively inspired, agent-based model of engineering configuration design. PSADA models different proficiency agents using move selection heuristics and problem space search strategies, both of which are identified and extracted from prior human subject studies. The model is validated with two design problems. Agents are compared to human designers and show the accurate simulation of the behaviors of the different proficiency designers. These behavior differences lead to significantly different performance levels, matching the human performance levels with just one exception. These validated heterogeneous agents are placed into teams and confirmed previous findings that the most proficient member of a configuration design team has the largest impact (positive or negative) on team performance. The PSADA model is introduced as a scalable platform to further explore configuration design proficiency’s role in design team performance and organizational behavior.
Between-Seasons Variability of Cyclists’ Peak Performance: A Longitudinal Analysis of “Real-World” Power Output Data in Male Professional Cyclists
Authors: Valenzuela Pedro L. , Mateo-March Manuel , Muriel Xabier , Zabala Mikel , Lucia Alejandro , Barranco-Gil David , Pallares Jesús G. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The record power profile (RPP) has gained popularity as a method of monitoring endurance cycling performance. However, the expected variation of cyclists’ performance between seasons remains unknown. We aimed to assess the between-seasons variability of peak performance (assessed through the RPP) in male professional cyclists. Methods: The study followed a longitudinal observational design. Sixty-one male professional cyclists (age 26 [5] y) with power output data from both training sessions and competitions were analyzed for a median of 4 consecutive seasons (range 2–12). The highest mean maximum power values attained for different durations (from 10 s to 30 min), as well as the resulting critical power, were determined for each season. Within-cyclist variability between seasons was assessed, and the upper threshold of expected changes (ie, twice the normal coefficient of variation) was determined. Results: All mean maximum power values showed an overall high agreement and low variability between seasons (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .76–.88 and coefficient of variation [CV] = 3.2%–5.9%), with the lowest variability observed for long efforts (>1 min). Critical power showed an ICC and CV of .79 (95% CI, .70–.85) and 3.3% (95% CI, 3.0%–3.7%), respectively. Upper thresholds of expected variation were <12% for short efforts (≤1 min) and <8% for long efforts. Conclusions: “Real-world” peak performance assessed through the RPP shows a low variability between seasons in male professional cyclists—especially for long efforts—with expected variation being around 6% and 3% for short (≤1 min) and long efforts, respectively, and with changes >12% and >8%, respectively, being infrequent for these effort durations.
Use and detection of a vitamin B1 degradation product yields new views of the marine B1 cycle and plankton metabolite exchange
Authors: Paerl Ryan W. , Curtis Nathaniel P. , Bittner Meriel J. , Cohn Melanie R. , Gifford Scott M. , Bannon Catherine C. , Rowland Elden , Bertrand Erin M. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Vitamin B1 (thiamin) is a vital nutrient for most cells in nature, including marine plankton. Early and recent experiments show that B1 degradation products instead of B1 can support the growth of marine bacterioplankton and phytoplankton. However, the use and occurrence of some degradation products remains uninvestigated, namely N-formyl-4-amino-5-aminomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine (FAMP), which has been a focus of plant oxidative stress research. We investigated the relevance of FAMP in the ocean. Experiments and global ocean meta-omic data indicate that eukaryotic phytoplankton, including picoeukaryotes and harmful algal bloom species, use FAMP while bacterioplankton appear more likely to use deformylated FAMP, 4-amino-5-aminomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine. Measurements of FAMP in seawater and biomass revealed that it occurs at picomolar concentrations in the surface ocean, heterotrophic bacterial cultures produce FAMP in the dark—indicating non-photodegradation of B1 by cells, and B1-requiring (auxotrophic) picoeukaryotic phytoplankton produce intracellular FAMP. Our results require an expansion of thinking about vitamin degradation in the sea, but also the marine B1 cycle where it is now crucial to consider a new B1-related compound pool (FAMP), as well as generation (dark degradation—likely via oxidation), turnover (plankton uptake), and exchange of the compound within the networks of plankton.

IMPORTANCE
Results of this collaborative study newly show that a vitamin B1 degradation product, N-formyl-4-amino-5-aminomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine (FAMP), can be used by diverse marine microbes (bacteria and phytoplankton) to meet their vitamin B1 demands instead of B1 and that FAMP occurs in the surface ocean. FAMP has not yet been accounted for in the ocean and its use likely enables cells to avoid B1 growth deficiency. Additionally, we show FAMP is formed in and out of cells without solar irradiance—a commonly considered route of vitamin degradation in the sea and nature. Altogether, the results expand thinking about oceanic vitamin degradation, but also the marine B1 cycle where it is now crucial to consider a new B1-related compound pool (FAMP), as well as its generation (dark degradation—likely via oxidation), turnover (plankton uptake), and exchange within networks of plankton.
Revealing the link between A-type granites and hottest melts from residual metasedimentary crust
Authors: Carvalho B.B. , Bartoli O. , Cesare B. , Satish-Kumar M. , Petrelli M. , Kawakami T. , Hokada T. , Gilio M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Among S-, I-, and A-type granites, the latter are the most debated in terms of origin, and metasedimentary crust is usually discarded as a potential source. Here we tackle this issue by adopting an in-source perspective, rather than focusing on the final product (granite), documenting the occurrence of pristine melt inclusions (MIs) in garnet from residual metapelitic ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) granulite from East Antarctica. Coexistence of sapphirine + quartz, phase equilibria calculations, and Zr-in-rutile thermometry indicate that MIs trapped UHT melts formed at peak conditions (930–1000 °C) from a residual metapelitic source. MIs are granitic with weakly peraluminous to weakly peralkaline affinity, ferroan character, high alkali contents, high K/Na and Ga/Al, and low Ca, Ba, Sr, and H2O concentrations. These features and geochemical modeling indicate that MIs represent primary melts for high-SiO2 A-type granites. Therefore, MIs reveal the missing link between A-type granites and the hottest metasedimentary crust. Voluminous amounts of slightly peraluminous, high-SiO2 A-type granites can be produced in large, residual UHT terranes such as those of eastern Gondwana. Our results provide a wider view of processes responsible for granite formation and show that a larger variety of granites must be considered in models of the effects of UHT anatexis on crustal differentiation.
Association between chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Jun , Zhang Na , Ding Cong , He Xiuying , Li Meihua , Meng Wei , Ouyang Taohui 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesNumerous studies have indicated that chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is a potential factor in causing multiple sclerosis in recent years, but this conclusion remains unconfirmed. This meta-analysis examined the correlation between multiple sclerosis and chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency.MethodsWe searched Embase and Medline (Ovid) for publications published from 1 January 2006 to 1 May 2022. The meta-analysis was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.ResultsEligible studies (n=20) included 3069 participants from seven countries. Pooled analysis indicated that chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency was more frequent in patients with multiple sclerosis than in healthy controls (OR 3.36; 95% CI 1.92 to 5.85; p<0.001) with remarkable heterogeneity among studies (I2=79%). Results were more strongly correlated in subsequent sensitivity analyses, but heterogeneity was also more substantial. We removed studies that initially proposed a chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency team as well as studies by authors involved in or advocating endovascular therapies.ConclusionsChronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is significantly associated with multiple sclerosis and it is more prevalent in patients with multiple sclerosis than in healthy individuals, but considerable heterogeneity of results is still observed.
Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baroutidou Amalia , Arvanitaki Alexandra , Farmakis Ioannis T , Patsiou Vasiliki , Giannopoulos Andreas , Efthimiadis Georgios , Ziakas Antonios , Giannakoulas George 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveDespite the establishment of transcatheter closure as the treatment of choice in adults with secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs), the effectiveness of this approach in the elderly is disputed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the impact of transcatheter ASD closure in patients ≥60 years old.MethodsWe systematically searched four major electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), Scopus and Web of Science),ClinicalTrials.gov, article references and grey literature. Primary outcomes were the right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD) and the New York Heart Association functional class change, whereas secondary outcomes included systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) change, as well as the rate of atrial arrhythmias and all-cause mortality.ResultsIn total, 18 single-arm cohorts comprising 1184 patients were included. RVEDD was reduced after ASD closure (standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.9, 95% CI −1.2 to −0.7). Elderly patients had 9.5 times higher odds of being asymptomatic after ASD closure (95% CI 5.06 to 17.79). Furthermore, ASD closure improved sPAP (mean difference (MD) −10.8, 95% CI −14.6 to −7), LVEDD (SMD 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 1.0), TR severity (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.60) and BNP (MD −68.3, 95% CI −114.4 to −22.1). There was a neutral effect of ASD closure on atrial arrhythmias.ConclusionsTranscatheter ASD closure is beneficial for the elderly population since it improves functional capacity, biventricular dimensions, pulmonary pressures, TR severity and BNP. However, the incidence of atrial arrhythmias did not change significantly after the intervention.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022378574.
PRMT5 reduces immunotherapy efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer by methylating KEAP1 and inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Wang Zhe , Li Ruolei , Hou Niuniu , Zhang Juliang , Wang Ting , Fan Pengyu , Ji Cheng , Zhang Bo , Liu Liuyin , Wang Yaping , Kong Jing , Yao Qing , Duan Jie , Zhao Ge , Ling Rui , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAs an emerging treatment strategy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), immunotherapy acts in part by inducing ferroptosis. Recent studies have shown that protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) has distinct roles in immunotherapy among multiple cancers by modulating the tumor microenvironment. However, the role of PRMT5 during ferroptosis, especially for TNBC immunotherapy, is unclear.MethodsPRMT5 expression in TNBC was measured by IHC (immunohistochemistry) staining. To explore the function of PRMT5 in ferroptosis inducers and immunotherapy, functional experiments were conducted. A panel of biochemical assays was used to discover potential mechanisms.ResultsPRMT5 promoted ferroptosis resistance in TNBC but impaired ferroptosis resistance in non-TNBC. Mechanistically, PRMT5 selectively methylated KEAP1 and thereby downregulated NRF2 and its downstream targets which can be divided into two groups: pro-ferroptosis and anti-ferroptosis. We found that the cellular ferrous level might be a critical factor in determining cell fate as NRF2 changes. In the context of higher ferrous concentrations in TNBC cells, PRMT5 inhibited the NRF2/HMOX1 pathway and slowed the import of ferrous. In addition, a high PRMT5 protein level indicated strong resistance of TNBC to immunotherapy, and PRMT5 inhibitors potentiated the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy.ConclusionsOur results reveal that the activation of PRMT5 can modulate iron metabolism and drive resistance to ferroptosis inducers and immunotherapy. Accordingly, PRMT5 can be used as a target to change the immune resistance of TNBC.
Peer-to-peer counselling and emotional guidance on infertility in Britain and Belgium (1970s–1980s)
Authors: Hilevych Yuliya , Claes Tinne 
Published: June 2023

In the wake of sexual and reproductive health counselling in postwar Western Europe, emotional guidance on infertility was as yet neither readily recognised nor available. In this article, we show that in Britain and Belgium, infertile couples themselves identified the need for systematic emotional guidance on their infertility experiences. They set up self-help support groups to provide counselling on infertility in their respective countries. Originally formed by heterosexual, white, middle-class couples, who were childless due to infertility, these support groups were cautious—rather than affirmative—of reproductive technologies to aid conception. In their view, these technologies were not readily available and did not work for everyone. In this social climate, systematic interactions with peers sought to provide emotional guidance to destigmatise infertility and accept childlessness. This emotional guidance was grounded in the contemporary psychological literature—on grief, mourning and other emotions—that the support groups applied to infertility experiences.We suggest that these groups could be seen as among the first—in their respective countries and arguably within Europe—to offer infertility counselling through a peer-to-peer format, which is today recognised as a crucial part of professional infertility counselling provision. In this light, our findings uncover previously unseen connections between grassroots support groups, infertility counselling and emotional guidance in the period before infertility counselling was professionalised in Britain and Belgium. Our analysis is based on various archival and published sources as well as oral history accounts, many of which have not been analysed before. Our findings contribute to the history of sexual and reproductive health, history of self-help, history of counselling, and history of emotions.
Cohort study of new off-label gabapentin prescribing in chronic opioid users
Authors: Billig Jessica I , Bicket Mark C , Yazdanfar Maryam , Gunaseelan Vidhya , Sears Erika D , Brummett Chad M , Waljee Jennifer F 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionGabapentin is commonly prescribed as an off-label adjunct to opioids because of its safer risk profile. Recent evidence has shown an increased risk of mortality when coprescribed with opioids. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the addition of off-label gabapentin in patients with chronic opioid use is associated with a reduction in opioid dosage.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with chronic opioid use with a new off-label gabapentin prescription (2010–2019). Our primary outcome of interest was a reduction in opioid dosage measured via oral morphine equivalents (OME) per day after the addition of a new off-label gabapentin prescription.ResultsIn our cohort of 172,607 patients, a new off-label gabapentin prescription was associated with a decrease in opioid dosage in 67,016 patients (38.8%) (median OME/day reduction:13.8), with no change in opioid dosage in 24,468 patients (14.2%), and an increase in opioid dosage in 81,123 patients (47.0%) (median OME/day increase: 14.3). A history of substance/alcohol use disorders was associated with a decrease in opioid dosage after the addition of a new off-label gabapentin (aOR 1.20, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.23). A history of pain disorders was associated with a decrease in opioid dosage after the initiation of a new gabapentin prescription including arthritis (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.15), back pain (aOR 1.10, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.12), and other pain conditions (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.10).ConclusionsIn this study of patients with chronic opioid use, an off-label gabapentin prescription did not reduce opioid dosage in the majority of patients. The coprescribing of these medications should be critically evaluated to ensure optimal patient safety.
Are trauma surgeons prepared? A survey of trauma surgeons’ disaster preparedness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Doucet Jay , Shatz David V , Kaplan Lewis J , Bulger Eileen M , Capella Jeannette , Kuhls Deborah A , Fallat Mary , Remick Kyle N. , Newton Christopher , Fox Adam , Jawa Randeep , Harvin John A , Blake David P , Bukur Marko , Gates Jonathan , Ficke James , Gestring Mark L 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveUS trauma centers (TCs) must remain prepared for mass casualty incidents (MCIs). However, trauma surgeons may lack formal MCI training. The recent COVID-19 pandemic drove multiple patient surges, overloaded Emergency Medical Services (EMS) agencies, and stressed TCs. This survey assessed trauma surgeons’ MCI training, experience, and system and personal preparedness before the pandemic compared with the pandemic’s third year.MethodsSurvey invitations were emailed to all 1544 members of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma in 2019, and then resent in 2022 to 1575 members with additional questions regarding the pandemic. Questions assessed practice type, TC characteristics, training, experience, beliefs about personal and hospital preparedness, likelihood of MCI scenarios, interventions desired from membership organizations, and pandemic experiences.ResultsThe response rate was 16.7% in 2019 and 12% in 2022. In 2022, surgeons felt better prepared than their hospitals for pandemic care, mass shootings, and active shooters, but remained feeling less well prepared for cyberattack and hazardous material events, compared with 2019. Only 35% of the respondents had unintentional MCI response experience in 2019 or 2022, and even fewer had experience with intentional MCI. 78% had completed a Stop the Bleed (STB) course and 63% own an STB kit. 57% had engaged in family preparedness activities; less than 40% had a family action plan if they could not come home during an MCI. 100% of the respondents witnessed pandemic-related adverse events, including colleague and coworker illness, patient surges, and resource limitations, and 17% faced colleague or coworker death.ConclusionsTrauma surgeons thought that they became better at pandemic care and rated themselves as better prepared than their hospitals for MCI care, which is an opportunity for them to take greater leadership roles. Opportunities remain to improve surgeons’ family and personal MCI preparedness. Surgeons’ most desired professional organization interventions include advocacy, national standards for TC preparedness, and online training.Level of evidenceVII, survey of expert opinion.