bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional evaluation of condylar morphology after orthodontic treatment in adult patients with Class II malocclusion by cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Shi Qiutao , Gu Zhiyuan , Lai Danping , Dai Qi , Yu Fengyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the condylar morphological changes after orthodontic treatment in adult patients with Class II malocclusion using a Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).METHODS Images of twenty-eight adult patients with Class II malocclusion who have no temporomandibular symptoms were involved in this study. To analyze the post-treatment changes in condylar morphology, mimics 17.0 software was used to measure several values and reconstruct the three-dimensional condyle, including height of the condyle, area and bone mineral density of the maximum axial and sagittal section, volume and bone mineral density of the three-dimensional condyle and condylar head before and after orthodontic treatment. Using SPSS 19.0 software package Paired t-test was applied for comparison of condylar morphology analysis between pre-treatment and post-treatment.Results Height of condylar head increase significant (P < .05). Bone mineral density showed a decrease in the maximum axial and sagittal section, three-dimensional condyle and condylar head (P < .01). Evaluation of volume revealed that volume of both condyle and condylar head decrease considerably (P < .05). No significant difference was detected in other values ((P > .05).CONCLUSION Condylar volume decreased and height of condylar head have changed, so we speculated that adaptive bone remodeling of the condyle occurs.
Down-regulation CD36 increased proliferation of endothelial cell in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tian Hongwei , Yang Qian , Wang Xiaohong , Ma Lina , Xie Yang , Wu Yan , Ma Xiaohu , Xi Shaojing , Ge Lijun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiovascular disease caused by genetic mutations. HCM with normal epicardial coronary arteries often reveal microvascular rarefaction and myocardial ischemia.Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a multifunctional pattern recognition membrane receptor that is highly expressed on microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) and plays an essential role in endothelial cell function. However,whether CD36 affects vascular endothelial cell proliferation in HCM is unclear.We detected the effects of CD36 on endothelial cell proliferation and it’s underlying mechanisms in HCM.
Methods: We detected the effects of CD36 on endothelial cell proliferation and it’s underlying mechanisms in HCM. These studies were complemented by in vivo analysis of CD36 expression in cTnTQ92 transgenic mice myocardium and in vitro analysis of transfection of CD36 gene or SiRNA-CD36 to endothelial cells isolated from cTnTQ92 transgenic mice heart.
Results: In this study, we found that the expression of CD36 was higher and the microvessel density was lower in myocardial tissue of cTnTQ92 transgenic mice than that in the myocardial tissue of wild-type control C57BL/6 mice. The expressions of CD36 and p21 in endothelial cells isolated from cTnTQ92 transgenic mice heart were higher than those in control group. The expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cyclin D1 proteins were lower than that of control group, and the proliferation of endothelial cells was lower than that of control group, but the opposite results were obtained by transfection of SiRNA-CD36 to endothelial cells. Further studies showed that down-regulation of CD36 increased the expression of p-VEGFR2 and increased proliferation of endothelial cell. EGFR specific inhibitor AG1478 reversed these effects.
Conclusions: These findings suggest down-regulation of CD36 increased the expression of p-VEGFR2 and increased proliferation of endothelial cell in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Down-regulation CD36 expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of myocardial ischemia in HCM.
Reduced Duration and Dosage of Venetoclax Is Efficient in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Cui Jingying , Chen Xuexing , Li Chunfang , Yan Qiong , Yuan Guolin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
venetoclax (VEN) and Azacitidine (AZA) combination have shown improved survival and excellent responses in patients with untreated Acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, frequent dose reduction (or discontinuation) occurred due to therapy-related toxicity and may limit triplet combination tolerance. This study retrospectively analyzed the characteristics and outcomes of newly diagnosed AML patients who received 100mg VEN for 14 days combined with AZA at our institution. Overall, 36 patients were enrolled, the median age at diagnosis was 64 years; after a median follow-up of 15(range 4–29) months, median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for the total cohort were 17 (4–29) months and 12 (1–28) months, and for patients achieving composite complete remission (CRc) were not reached. Overall response rate (ORR) was 69.4% and CRc rate were 66.7% for the total cohort. Subgroup analysis revealed that NPM1 mutations and FAB-M5 were associated higher response rates, while adverse ELN risk group predicted inferior response. ASXL1, NPM1 and IDH1/2 mutation was statistically significant impact the PFS duration. The most common adverse events were hematological, with grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia reported in 36%, 25%, 44% of patients, respectively. In summary, the VEN combination regimen remains effective for newly diagnosed AML in the real world despite VEN dose reductions.
Aboveground and Belowground Carbon Stocks in Mangrove Ecosystems Along Carigara Bay in Leyte, Philippines
Authors: Decena Syrus Cesar , Avorque Carlo , Arribado Arwin , Macasait Dionesio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mangrove forest ecosystems are known to sequester large quantities of carbon in biomass. This paper presents a quantification of carbon stocks in aboveground (standing trees, palm, shrub, standing dead trees, downed wood, and litter), belowground (root), and total carbon stocks, and further compared between forest types (fringe and riverine) and zones (landward, middleward, and seaward/along water) of mangrove forests along the Carigara Bay in Leyte, Philippines. The aboveground carbon stocks for the standing trees were found to be higher in riverine (297.94 ± 58.39) compared to fringe mangrove forests (188.92 ± 18.51), with an overall average of 243.43 ± 31.09 Mg ha− 1. Shrub mangroves were found to be the second most contributor to aboveground carbon stocks which was significantly higher in middleward zone (14.88 ± 6.11 Mg ha− 1), though no variation was found between mangrove forest types. Whereas, all other aboveground components were the least contributors (< 1% combined), with a total average of 0.31 ± 0.10, 0.32 ± 0.10, 1.57 ± 0.27, and 0.19 ± 0.02 Mg ha− 1 for palm (Nypa fruticans), standing dead tree, downed wood and litter, respectively. Meanwhile, no significant variations were detected for belowground (roots) carbon stock, with an average of 65.23 ± 6.84 Mg ha− 1. Total carbon stocks were higher in the riverine (380.83 ± 70.91), with an average of 317.19 ± 37.88 Mg ha− 1. Overall, the results of the study highlight the significant amount of carbon stored in the biomass of the studied mangrove forests, which indicates their potential role in climate change mitigation.
3D Printed Anti-Swelling Hydrogel Scaffold with Dialdehyde Cellulose Nanocrystal
Authors: Ke Wei-Ting , Cheng Der-Yun , Wu I-Feng , Liao Ying-Chih 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, a novel hydrogel preparation method is developed to formulate a 3D printable hydrogel with low swelling ratio for bio-medical scaffold. Nanocellulose fibrils is first oxidized to synthesize dialdehyde cellulose nanocrystal (DAC). The aldehyde groups on DAC can crosslink with laponite nanoclay via an esterification reaction. The mechanism between the two materials through aldehyde and hydroxyl groups is further confirmed by FTIR results. To optimize the printability and printing quality of the prepared hydrogels, the rheological properties of the gels are carefully examined to understand the shear thinning effect and the thixotropic responses. An optimal hydrogel composition of 6 wt% Laponite and 1 wt% DAC shows the best results to accurately print 3D structures with a nozzle dispenser. The printed gel structures show high mechanical strength and low swelling effect without complicated after-treatment steps. Several examples are also demonstrated to show the structural stability, accuracy, and cell viability of the printed hydrogel structures for potential in 3D bioprinting applications.
Strategic flood evacuation planning facilitates effective transfer of vulnerable population in coastal megacities
Authors: Yin Jie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Emergency responders in coastal cities are always required to provide effective operations to evacuate at-risk populations during the preparedness and response phase of threatening storm floods. However, existing contingency plans primarily focused on the evacuation of general public rather than special arrangement for vulnerable populations who constituted a large proportion of flood fatalities. Here, we present a system-level methodology to elaborate citywide coastal flood evacuation plans for optimal deployment of shelters and effective transfer of groups with special needs. We conduct a comparative analysis between Shanghai and New York City (NYC) which are both among the most exposed coastal megacities to flooding, but represent two distinct institutional systems of emergency operation. The results show dramatic disparities in evacuation patterns for the elderly people of the two cities, and demonstrate the improved performance of risk-informed, strategic evacuation planning in advance of coastal flooding. Our work provides new insights into operational emergency evacuation decisions and informs flood management policy development for major coastal cities globally.
Feasibility and acceptability of a serious game to study the effects of environmental distractors on emergency room nurse triage accuracy: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fiorentino Assunta , Antonini Matteo , Vuilleumier Séverine , Stotzer Guy , Kollbrunner Aurélien , Jaccard Dominique , Simon Josette , Hugli Olivier , Pasquier Jérome , Delmas Philippe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Emergency room nurse triage entails complex clinical decision making under stress and time constraints. Workplace distractors, such as noise and task interruptions, have been pointed to as possible reasons for triage inaccuracy, though studies have not borne this out. To train nurses to perform the task, a serious game was developed to simulate the triage process and environment. A pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the serious game and to collect preliminary data on the effects of two distractors—noise and task interruptions—on emergency room nurse triage accuracy.
Methods: A 2 × 2 factorial randomized controlled trial was designed for the study. A sample of 70 emergency room nurses was randomly assigned to four groups: three experimental groups exposed to different distractors (noise, task interruptions, and both) and one control group exposed to none. The nurses in each group had two hours to complete a series of 20 clinical vignettes where they had to establish a chief complaint and assign an emergency level. Their responses were then compared against a gold standard predetermined by experts.
Results: Among 70, 55 nurses completed about 15 vignettes each in the allotted time. No inter-group differences emerged in terms of triage performance. Only a few minor technical issues arose during the sessions. Nurses had a very favorable appreciation of the serious game on triage as measured through a semantic differential scale.
Conclusions: Results show that both the structure of our study and the serious game on triage can be used to carry out a future RCT on a larger scale. Two minor technical bugs were identified and corrected, the series of vignettes to complete in two hours must be shortened to 15, and the test should be held during work hours to support recruitment and reduce the possible impact of nurse fatigue on triage performance. The absence of a distractor effect raises questions about whether distractors have an effect and at what frequency and intensity of noise and task interruptions might have an impact on triage performance and whether this dose is realistic.
Amino acid deprivation induces TXNIP expression by NRF2 downregulation
Authors: Ahn Se Hee , Jang Se-Kyeong , Kim Yu Jin , Kim Gyeongmi , Park Ki Soo , Jin Hyeon-Ok , Park In-Chul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
TXNIP is an essential regulator of cellular metabolism, including glucose homeostasis, fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol accumulation, and is implicated in metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. However, how TXNIP expression is regulated in response to amino acid (AA) deprivation is not well understood. In the present study, deprivation of AAs, especially arginine, glutamine, lysine, and methionine, induced TXNIP expression in H460 non-small cell lung cancer cells. Unexpectedly, TXNIP induction by AA deprivation was dependent on NRF2 downregulation, but not ATF4 activation. Furthermore, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), prevented TXNIP expression in H460 cells deprived of AA. Taken together, TXNIP expression by AA deprivation is mediated by ROS production by NRF2 downregulation. Our findings suggest that TXNIP expression might be associated with the redox homeostasis of AA metabolism.
Explaining wall-bounded turbulence through deep learning
Authors: Cremades Andres , Hoyas Sergio , Quintero Pedro , Lellep Martin , Linkmann Moritz , Vinuesa Ricardo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Despite its great scientific and technological importance, wall-bounded turbulence is an unresolved problem that requires new perspectives to be tackled. One of the key strategies has been to study interactions among the coherent structures in the flow. Such interactions are explored in this study for the first time using an explainable deep-learning method. The instantaneous
velocity field in a turbulent channel is used to predict the velocity field in time through a convolutional neural network. Based on the predicted flow, we assess the importance of each structure for this prediction using the game-theoretic algorithm of SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). This work provides results in agreement with previous observations in the literature and extends them by quantifying the importance of the Reynolds-stress structures, finding a connection between these structures and the dynamics of the flow. The process, based on deep-learning explainability, has the potential to shed light on numerous fundamental phenomena of wall-bounded turbulence, including the objective definition of new types of flow structures.
Final results from a phase 1 trial and expansion cohorts of cabozantinib and nivolumab alone or with ipilimumab for advanced/metastatic genitourinary tumors
Authors: Girardi Daniel , Niglio Scot , Nadal Rosa , Kydd Andre , Simon Nicholas , Ley Lisa , Cordes Lisa , Chandran Elias , Steinberg Seth , Trepel Jane , Lee Sunmin , Lee Min-Jung , Rastogi Shraddha , Sato Nahoko , Cao Liang , Banday A. Rouf , Boudjadi Salah , Merino Maria , Toubaji Antoun , Akbulut Dilara , Redd Bernadette , Bagheri Mohammad , Costello Rene , Gurram Sandeep , Agarwal Piyush , Chalfin Heather , Valera Vladimir , Streicher Howard , Wright John , Sharon Elad , Figg William , Parnes Howard , Gulley James , Saraiya Biren , Pal Sumanta , Quinn David , Stein Mark , Lara Primo , Bottaro Donald , Mortazavi Amir , Apolo Andrea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cabozantinib and nivolumab (CaboNivo) alone or with ipilimumab (CaboNivoIpi) have shown promising efficacy and safety in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC), metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), and rare genitourinary (GU) tumors in a dose-escalation phase 1 study. We now report the final data analysis of the safety, overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of the phase 1 patients and 7 expansion cohorts. CaboNivo cohorts included: 1) mUC, 2) mRCC, 3) adenocarcinoma of the bladder/urachal, and CaboNivoIpi cohorts included: 1) mUC, 2) mRCC, 3) penile cancer, 4) rare GU tumors, and an exploratory biomarker correlation with peripheral blood immune subsets (NCT02496208). Patients (n = 120) received CaboNivo (n = 64) or CaboNivoIpi (n = 56), with median follow-up of 49.2 months. In 108 evaluable patients (CaboNivo n = 59; CaboNivoIpi n = 49), 33 of whom had mUC, ORR was 38% (overall study) and 42% in mUC, complete response 11% and 21%, partial response 27% and 21%, duration of response 20 and 28 months, respectively. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 84% of CaboNivo patients and 80% of CaboNivoIpi patients. In response to treatment, immunosuppressive monocytic MDSCs, classical monocytes, and all dendritic cell subsets decreased; Activated proliferative CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells and CTLA-4 on CD4+ T cells increased and were associated with improved PFS and OS. Both CaboNivo and CaboNivoIpi demonstrated clinical activity and safety in many metastatic GU histologies, with distinctive patterns of response among innate and adaptive peripheral blood immune subsets and potential differential adaptive resistance in response between CaboNivo and CaboNivoIpi to prolonged effector T-cell activation.
Microbiota-associated metabolic reprograming influenced clinical outcome in the randomized dendritic cell-based clinical trial in stage III melanoma
Authors: ALVES-COSTA-SILVA Carolina , Bourgin Mélanie , Piccinno Gianmarco , Schreibelt Gerty , Durand Sylvère , Fidelle Marine , Sow Cissé , Birebent Roxanne , Aprahamian Fanny , Manghi Paolo , Asnicar Francesco , Pinto Federica , Armanini Federica , Terrisse Safae , Routy Bertrand , Eggermont Alexander , Kroemer Guido , Segata Nicola , Derosa Lisa , Bol Kalijn , De Vries I. Jolanda M. , Zitvogel Laurence 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Melanoma is a malignancy where tumor immunosurveillance plays a major prognostic role, prompting the development of immunotherapy strategies, dominated earlier on by dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy and recently, by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome earned its credentials among predictors of survival in melanoma, by influencing the peripheral and tumoral immune tonus.
Methods: In the MIND-DC phase III clinical trial (NCT02993315), 148 stage IIIB/IIIC cutaneous melanoma patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to adjuvant treatment with autologous conventional and plasmacytoid mature natural DC (nDC) versus placebo. Blood and stool samples were collected in 144 patients before and after 2 biweekly nDC injections to perform longitudinal metagenomics (MG) and metabolomics (MB), with the aim of finding predictors of 2-year recurrence-free survival (RFS).
Results: Different microbial species were associated with prognosis of these patients with stage III melanoma, with the health-related Faecalibacterium prausnitzii standing out as the main beneficial taxon for no recurrence at 2 years (p=0.009). Therapy coincided with major perturbations of plasma acylcarnitines, as well as carboxylic and fatty acids (FA). Incidentally, despite randomization, patients in the nDC treatment arm exhibited a bias in their MG and MB baseline profiles, with a relative under-representation of F. prausnitzii, and perturbations of biliary salts and FA, compared to the control arm. Stool F. prausnitzii anticorrelated with plasma medium chain acylcarnitines and the combination of both of these MG and MB biomarkers markedly determined RFS.
Conclusions: Altogether, the host-microbial interaction might be influenced by nDC-based immunotherapy in melanoma, a cancer highly dependent on lipid metabolism for its dissemination. We value the systematic MG profiling in randomized trials to avoid bias in baseline host-microbe metabolic and immune parameters.
Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi improves growth and quality of exotic Swietenia macrophylla King seedlings in nursery
Authors: Ajeesh R. , Kamalolbhavan Binu , V Santhoshkumar A , Gopal Surendra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aims
Exotic tree species to get established outside their place of origin have to form new associations with the local AMF species that are sufficient to compensate the gap that the native AM fungal symbionts provide to them in their place of origin. The present study throws some aspects on the efficacy of three native species of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on growth and seedling quality of Swietenia macrophylla, an exotic to peninsular India.
Methods
Polybag raised seedlings were inoculated with (Funelliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices, Rhizophagus proliferus) at different levels (10, 20, and 50 g inoculum per seedling).
Results
Among the AMF species, seedlings treated with Funelliformis mosseae showed improved growth. The physiological parameters of these seedlings were also good. The mycorrhizal efficiency index (MEI) of seedlings inoculated with Funelliformis mosseae was 58.28%. Root colonization (35.33%) and total pore count was also found to be higher for this mycorrhizal symbiosis. The experiment showed that mycorrhizal association also helped to reduce the nursery period of the inoculated seedlings.
Conclusions
It was demonstrated that the native AM fungal community can be efficiently used for improving the growth and nutrient status of AM-inoculated mahogany seedlings. Funneliformis mosseae proved to be one such native species of AMF. It also contributed to the increase in the physiological aspects of the mahogany seedlings. If properly managed, the nursery time of the seedlings can be substantially reduced which can bring down the cost of production to a greater extent.
Skin Disease Detection using Image Processing and Machine Learning
Authors: Prasad P. M.K. , priya Nowbathula Bhagya , Jahnavi Samal , Gayatri Nallamilli , Srav Thota 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In these modern times, due to air pollution human skin is affected in many ways and these have become the most prevalent diseases worldwide. It may cause diseases like Actinic keratosis, Melanoma, Psoriasis, Eczema Skin disease is the fourth leading cause of non-toxic disease globally, affecting 7.9–60% of individuals in all age groups. The advancement of medical technology has led easier ways in identification of these diseases but the cost of such diagnosis is very expensive and limited. So, Image processing techniques guide to build computerized screening systems at initial stage. In this research work, we have come with a method to identify and classify the diseases. The implementation of the project consists of a dual stage approach to detect skin diseases based on their classification and severity. The second stage involves the training and testing of images using Naive- Bayes classifier to identify the skin disease.