bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rossini's Self-Borrowings as a Stylistic Weapon
Authors: Carnini Daniele 
Published: February 2023

Between 1812 and 1816 Rossini took Italian stages by storm and performances cycles of his operas soared in an unprecedented way. The present essay investigates the fundamental role played by self-borrowing in this achievement. As it will be preliminarily clarified, at least for Rossini, self-borrowing does not represent a sub-category of borrowing (i.e. from others: he seldom resorted to other composers’ works), but a peculiar characteristic of his compositional habit, a weapon used to spread his signifiers throughout different stages and genres.
This article focuses on a case study: La gazzetta, an opera deeply rooted in the tradition of the opera comica in Neapolitan, whose authoriality normally resided more in performers (in this case, in the well-known actor/singer Carlo Casaccia) than in poets or composers. Special attention will be given to the use of self-borrowings in some key pieces of the opera, including the recently rediscovered Act I quintet. The essay aims to demonstrate that self-borrowings, far from being a mere time-saving device, helped Rossini to overpower Casaccia's distinctive way of expression, depriving him of his authoriality and of his own voice. With La gazzetta, Rossini conquered the last outpost; after 1816, the mastery of Italian stages (and genres) belonged only to him.
Long‐Term Density Trend in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere From Occultations of the Crab Nebula With X‐Ray Astronomy Satellites
Authors: Katsuda Satoru , Enoto Teruaki , Lommen Andrea N. , Mori Koji , Motizuki Yuko , Nakajima Motoki , Ruhl Nathaniel C. , Sato Kosuke , Stober Gunter , Tashiro Makoto S. , Terada Yukikatsu , Wood Kent S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present long‐term density trends of the Earth's upper atmosphere at altitudes between 71 and 116 km, based on atmospheric occultations of the Crab Nebula observed with X‐ray astronomy satellites, ASCA, RXTE, Suzaku, NuSTAR, and Hitomi. The combination of the five satellites provides a time period of 28 years from 1994 to 2022. To suppress seasonal and latitudinal variations, we concentrate on the data taken in autumn (49 < doy < 111) and spring (235 < doy < 297) in the northern hemisphere with latitudes of 0°–40°. With this constraint, local times are automatically limited either around noon or midnight. We obtain four sets (two seasons × two local times) of density trends at each altitude layer. We take into account variations due to a linear trend and the 11‐year solar cycle using linear regression techniques. Because we do not see significant differences among the four trends, we combine them to provide a single vertical profile of trend slopes. We find a negative density trend of roughly −5%/decade at every altitude. This is in reasonable agreement with inferences from settling rate of the upper atmosphere. In the 100–110‐km altitude, we found an exceptionally high density decline of about −12%/decade. This peak may be the first observational evidence for strong cooling due to water vapor and ozone near 110 km, which was first identified in a numerical simulation by Akmaev et al. (2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2006.03.008). Further observations and numerical simulations with suitable input parameters are needed to establish this feature.
Intrusions of Amazon River Waters in the Virgin Islands Basin During 2007–2017
Authors: Seijo‐Ellis Giovanni , Giglio Donata , Salmun Haydee 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Virgin Islands basin (VIB) includes several Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of interest as biologically unique spawning aggregation sites. The ecological structure in and around these MPAs is regulated by several factors, including changes in near‐surface water properties. Anomalously low near‐surface salinity is observed in the VIB during April 2009/2011, and March 2010, with a salinity signature consistent with Amazon plume waters. Other low salinity events in the region are found during 2007–2017 using output from an ocean reanalysis. The reanalysis shows that horizontal salinity advection explains near‐surface salinity variability in the VIB to a high degree, including events observed in the in situ measurements. We use a Lagrangian Particle tracking model to track particles over the 2007–2017 period and identify the source and pathways of water imports to the VIB. We describe three pathways. The northernmost one is often associated with advection of salty Atlantic waters. The two southernmost paths are associated with advection of low salinity waters from the Amazon into the VIB. The latter two pathways arrive to the Caribbean Sea as described in previous studies on low salinity advection to the wider Caribbean from the Amazon River; we find that once in the Caribbean Sea, the low salinity water makes its way into the VIB when steered northward by mesoscale features. This results in Amazon River waters regulating salinity variability in the VIB during April–November. During December–March, when mesoscale activity is at its minimum, the Atlantic inflow regulates the salinity variability within the VIB instead.
Wind Power Input to Ocean Near‐Inertial Waves Diagnosed From a 5‐km Global Coupled Atmosphere‐Ocean General Circulation Model
Authors: von Storch Jin‐Song , Lüschow Veit 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing the 5 km coupled general circulation model ICON, the surface internal wave energy source, crucial for the oceanic circulation, is quantified as the wind‐induced wave energy flux that radiates from the mixed layer bottom (MLB) into the ocean interior. Our result lowers the previous estimates of the wind power input to surface near‐inertial motions from up to more than 1 TW down to about 0.23–0.27 TW, depending on season. We point out that the estimate of the wind input to ocean depends not only on the wind stress used—as suggested by previous studies—but also on the ocean model used. While the surface currents in a slab ocean model or a non‐eddying ocean circulation model are strongly determined by the wind forcing, the surface currents in the 5 km ICON model can be more strongly determined by internal instability process (eddy) than by wind stress forcing from less‐extreme weather disturbances. The resulting more or less random alignment of surface current and wind stress can presumably lead to a lower wind input to surface near‐inertial motions. Of the surface wave energy source, about 30% is fluxed down into the interior ocean. This percentage roughly doubles those from previous studies, due to the stronger wave energy flux related to stronger inertial waves generated by the tropical cyclones simulated by the 5 km ICON model. Overall, the low wind input at near‐inertial frequencies produces a wind‐induced wave energy source at the MLB that is well below 0.1 TW.
Life time use of illicit substances among adolescents and young people hospitalized in psychiatric hospital
Authors: Engelgardt Piotr , Krzyżanowski Maciej , Borkowska-Sztachańska Małgorzata , Wasilewska Agnieszka , Ciucias Michał 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdolescents are known to be particularly vulnerable, compared to children and adults, to initiation of substance use and progression to problematic use. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and type of illicit drug use in a population of adolescents and young adults who were hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital. The purpose of the study was also to find the link between age, sex, type of admission and particular mental disorders and using psychoactive substances at least once in a lifetime. A 12-month retrospective cross-sectional analysis of medical records compiled for adolescent and youth psychiatric patients who had been admitted to the Regional Psychiatric Hospital in Olsztyn, Poland, between October 1, 2018, and September 30, 2019, was conducted. After analyzing the available medical records, 506 cases were included and analyzed. Data for the study were collected in an Excel spreadsheet from discharge reports, including data from psychiatric examinations, especially anamnesis. Subsequently, statistical calculations were performed. Lifetime prevalence of any illicit substance use (34.0%) was common. The most frequently used drug was Cannabis (29.2%), the next New Psychoactive Substance—NPS (14.2%) and Amphetamine (13.0%). The higher number of people declaring to take illicit substances was proportional to the increasing age. Except for the group 10–15 years, the subject group was dominated by males. The highest, statistically significant percentage of patients who declared taking illicit substances in general, was found in people with diagnoses F20–F29 (schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders) (55%), additionally, we found a statistically significant association between NPS use and these diagnoses. Only in the group of patients diagnosed with eating disorders no one declared taking psychoactive substances. However, the correlation between taking illicit drugs and the subgroups with diagnosed psychiatric diseases should be treated with caution because of the small sample size in some cases. Our findings have shown the significant prevalence of the phenomenon in this population. These data highlight the need to explore this population at high risk carefully.
Bioconversion of 4-hydroxyestradiol by extradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenases from Novosphingobium sp. PP1Y
Authors: Mensitieri Francesca , Bosso Andrea , Dal Piaz Fabrizio , Charlier Bruno , Notomista Eugenio , Izzo Viviana , Cafaro Valeria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLivestock breeding activities and pharmaceutical wastes lead to considerable accumulation of steroid hormones and estrogens in wastewaters. Here estrogens act as pro-cancerogenic agents and endocrine disruptors interfering with the sexual development of aquatic animals and having toxic effects in humans. Environmental bacteria play a vital role in estrogens degradation. Their wide reservoir of enzymes, such as ring cleavage dioxygenases (RCDs), can degrade the steroid nucleus, catalyzing the meta-cleavage of A, B or D steroid rings. In this work, 4 extra-diol ring cleavage dioxygenases (ERCDs), PP28735, PP26077, PP00124 and PP00193, were isolated from the marine sphingomonad Novosphingobium sp. PP1Y and characterized. Enzymes kinetic parameters were determined on different synthetic catecholic substrates. Then, the bioconversion of catechol estrogens was evaluated. PP00124 showed to be an efficient catalyst for the degradation of 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), a carcinogenic hydroxylated derivate of E2. 4-OHE2 complete cleavage was obtained using PP00124 both in soluble form and in whole recombinant E. coli cells. LC–MS/MS analyses confirmed the generation of a semialdehyde product, through A-ring meta cleavage. To the best of our knowledge, PP00124 is the first characterized enzyme able to directly degrade 4-OHE2 via meta cleavage. Moreover, the complete 4-OHE2 biodegradation using recombinant whole cells highlighted advantages for bioremediation purposes.
Alternate day versus daily oral iron for treatment of iron deficiency anemia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pasupathy Elamparithi , Kandasamy Ravichandran , Thomas Kurien , Basheer Aneesh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOral iron is the mainstay of treating iron deficiency anemia. Recent studies indicate better fractional iron absorption with alternate day supplementation. However, the optimal supplementation strategy is unclear. We compared effectiveness of daily versus alternate day supplementation of oral iron for treatment of iron deficiency anemia. This double blind, active control, randomized controlled trial was conducted on two hundred adults having hemoglobin 10 g/dL or less with microcytic hypochromic anemia and/or serum ferritin below 50 ng/mL. They were randomized to receive either two Ferrous sulfate tablets containing 60 mg elemental iron (120 mg total) on alternate days or single tablet of 60 mg elemental iron daily for 8 weeks. Primary outcome was mean change in hemoglobin at week 8 from baseline. Mean hemoglobin was 6.53 (± 1.89) and 6.68 (± 1.89) g/dL in the alternate day and daily arms respectively. Mean change in hemoglobin was + 1.05 ± 1.34 g/dL in alternate day arm and + 1.36 ± 1.51 g/dL in daily arm (p = 0.47) at week 8. There were no statistically significant differences between the arms with respect to any secondary outcome. There is no significant difference between alternate day and daily iron administration in improving hemoglobin. Randomized controlled trials enrolling more participants for longer periods of supplementation and evaluating clinically relevant outcomes like change in hemoglobin may be useful in identifying the ideal dosing strategy.Trial Registration: Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2019/01/017169).
Tumor organoid biobank-new platform for medical research
Authors: Xie Xuexue , Li Xinyu , Song Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganoids are a new type of 3D model for tumor research, which makes up for the shortcomings of cell lines and xenograft models, and promotes the development of personalized precision medicine. Long-term culture, expansion and storage of organoids provide the necessary conditions for the establishment of biobanks. Biobanks standardize the collection and preservation of normal or pathological specimens, as well as related clinical information. The tumor organoid biobank has a good quality control system, which is conducive to the clinical transformation and large-scale application of tumor organoids, such as disease modeling, new drug development and high-throughput drug screening. This article summarized the common tumor types of patient-derived organoid (PDO) biobanks and the necessary information for biobank construction, such as the number of organoids, morphology, success rate of culture and resuscitation, pathological types. In our results, we found that patient-derived tumor organoid (PDTO) biobanks were being established more and more, with the Netherlands, the United States, and China establishing the most. Biobanks of colorectal, pancreas, breast, glioma, and bladder cancers were established more, which reflected the relative maturity of culture techniques for these tumors. In addition, we provided insights on the precautions and future development direction of PDTO biobank building.
HIF-PHD inhibitor regulates the function of group2 innate lymphoid cells and polarization of M2 macrophages
Authors: Nagashima Ryuichi , Ishikawa Hiroki , Kuno Yoshihiro , Kohda Chikara , Iyoda Masayuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase (HIF-PHD) inhibitors are therapeutic agents for renal anemia that work through HIF2-mediated upregulation of erythropoietin (EPO) and have also been reported to suppress renal fibrosis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been proven to be involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis in various organs, including the kidney. However, the relationship between the HIF pathway, renal fibrosis, and kidney ILC2s remains unclear. In the present study, we found that HIF activation by HIF-PHD inhibitors suppressed type 2 cytokine production from kidney ILC2s. The enhanced HIF pathway downregulated the IL-33 receptor ST2L on ILC2s, and phosphorylation of downstream p38 MAPK was attenuated. M2 macrophages that promote renal fibrosis were polarized by ILC2 supernatants, but reduced cytokine production from ILC2s treated with HIF-PHD inhibitors suppressed this polarization. Our findings suggest that HIF-PHD inhibitors are potential therapeutic agents for renal fibrosis that are mediated by the alteration of ILC2 function.
Magnetoelectric synergy strategy for superior iron disulfide anode
Authors: Xiao Yaoyao , Liu Yihui , Liu Bingbing , Qi Zhenguo , Zhang Youbin , Liu Fusheng , Qin Guohui 
Published: February 2023

The magnetic FeS2/C@VS2 heterostructure with abundant edge sites and dangling sites was designed to achieve highly reversible sodium storage.
Overt Subject Pronoun Use in Switch-Reference Contexts in Child Spanish Developmental Language Disorder: A Discriminant Function Analysis
Authors: Dickinson Kendra V. , Ortiz-Ramírez Pedro Antonio , Arrieta-Zamudio Ana , Grinstead John , Flores-Ávalos Blanca 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Our study analyzes probabilistic constraints on subject expression previously found in adult Spanish in the speech of typically developing (TD) Spanish-speaking children and children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Previous work shows that children with DLD produce fewer overt subjects than typically developing children, and that the latter acquire constraints on subject expression as they age into adolescence. Our study complements these findings and provides further substance to the grammatical profile of children whose morphosyntactic development diverges from that of typically developing children.

Method:
Data are drawn from unstructured spontaneous production data from a sample of 19 monolingual Mexican, Spanish-speaking children, collected in 2006–2007. This sample includes 19 children diagnosed with DLD and 19 age-matched, typically developing children. We collected all instances of finite verbs that either did or could have occurred with a subject personal pronoun uttered by the child participants and coded them for several factors including tense–mood–aspect, switch reference, and person and number.

Results:
We find that children with DLD produce fewer overt subject pronouns in switch reference contexts than typically developing controls, with a significant interaction of group and switch reference. Furthermore, a discriminant function analysis shows that overt pronoun use in switch reference contexts can form part of a useful diagnostic discriminant function, with high levels of sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusions:
Overall, we find important differences between TD Spanish-speaking children and those diagnosed with DLD regarding rates of overt subjects and sensitivity to the probabilistic constraint of switch reference. This finding contributes to our understanding of the morphosyntactic profiles of children with DLD, as well as the utility of factors such as switch reference in the identification of language disorders.
Pragmatic subordination
Authors: Pittner Karin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The article deals with a special type of causal clauses in German which exhibits the properties of verb-first position, an obligatory modal particle doch and obligatory postposition. It has often been noted that these clauses are neither clearly subordinated nor coordinated. Syntactic tests show that these clauses are not constituents of the clause they are related to and they may not be focussed, nor may the causal relation itself be focussed. Moreover, there are no correlates for them in their host clause. These characteristics show that the clauses in question contain their own information units.
It is argued that the causal meaning of these clauses is an inference due to an interplay of the verb first position, the meaning of doch and the postposition of these clauses. The verb position signals a close connection to the preceding clause as well as a diminished assertive force. The modal particle doch signals that the information given is uncontroversial but assumed not to be taken into account presently by the recipient. It is argued that the postposition of these clauses is due to the fact that these clauses have a kind of repair function and serve to support the acceptance of the preceding clause. It is shown that these clauses express their own illocutions which are subsidiary to the illocution of the preceding utterance. Thus these sentences are pragmatically subordinated although they do not exhibit characteristics of syntactic subordination. The article closes with a short discussion of some hypotheses concerning the diachronic development of this special sentence type.
English rationale since and a reassessment of the typology of adverbial clauses
Authors: Schönenberger Manuela , Haegeman Liliane 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the syntactic and semantic properties of English causal adverbial clauses, starting from the fact that the conjunctions since and as can both introduce either a temporal clause or a rationale clause. Where relevant, the material is supplemented with data from Dutch causal adverbial clauses, focusing on the interaction with the syntax of Verb Second. It is shown that the bipartite distinction between ‘central’ adverbial clauses and ‘peripheral’ adverbial clauses (Haegeman 1984a, 1991/2009, a.o.) should be reconsidered. Frey’s (2016, 2018) ternary distinction is adopted, which differentiates between central adverbial clauses (CACs) and peripheral adverbial clauses (PACs), both regarded as syntactically integrated, and non-integrated clauses. Evidence is provided for Frey’s hypothesis that PACs are related to JudgementP (Krifka 2017).
Expressing non-volitional causality in English
Authors: Hoek Jet , Scholman Merel C.J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
English because is assumed to be polysemous in that it can be used to mark causal relations in all domains. The current study examines this claim and explores the suitability of because to mark non-volitional content relations. In a parallel corpus study, we investigate how causal relations translated into Dutch using doordat (prototypically marking non-volitional causal relations), omdat (marking content relations), and want (marking epistemic and speech act relations) were originally expressed in English. The results show that while omdat and want are indeed typically translations of because in English, non-volitional doordat is not. A qualitative analysis reveals that non-volitional causality is more often expressed in English in a single discourse unit or using a connective restricted to the content domain. These findings have important consequences for the presumed domain generality of English because and call for a reconsideration of English translation recommendations for doordat.
Three ReasonPs
Authors: Endo Yoshio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, I will discuss three types of reason expressions in the framework of the cartography of syntactic structures. After reviewing the previous analyses of two ReasonPs that house reason expressions, it will be shown that there is still another ReasonP that houses reason expressions involving free adjuncts. I will further explore the possibility of splitting up the new type of ReasonP into the central type and the peripheral type by extending Haegeman’s (2012) idea of adverbial clauses.
Tinnitus and distress: an electroencephalography classification study
Authors: Piarulli Andrea , Vanneste Sven , Nemirovsky Idan Efim , Kandeepan Sivayini , Maudoux Audrey , Gemignani Angelo , De Ridder Dirk , Soddu Andrea 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There exist no objective markers for tinnitus or tinnitus disorders, which complicates diagnosis and treatments. The combination of EEG with sophisticated classification procedures may reveal biomarkers that can identify tinnitus and accurately differentiate different levels of distress experienced by patients. EEG recordings were obtained from 129 tinnitus patients and 142 healthy controls. Linear support vector machines were used to develop two classifiers: the first differentiated tinnitus patients from controls, while the second differentiated tinnitus patients with low and high distress levels. The classifier for healthy controls and tinnitus patients performed with an average accuracy of 96 and 94% for the training and test sets, respectively. For the distress classifier, these average accuracies were 89 and 84%. Minimal overlap was observed between the features of the two classifiers. EEG-derived features made it possible to accurately differentiate healthy controls and tinnitus patients as well as low and high distress tinnitus patients. The minimal overlap between the features of the two classifiers indicates that the source of distress in tinnitus, which could also be involved in distress related to other conditions, stems from different neuronal mechanisms compared to those causing the tinnitus pathology itself.