bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long droughts decrease Caraboidea beta diversity and community body size in savannas of the Gorongosa National Park (Mozambique)
Authors: Silva Pedro Martins da , Carvalho Rui , Boieiro Mário , Sousa José Paulo , Serrano Artur R.M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

In the aftermath of the 2019’ tropical cyclones Idai and Kenneth, we assessed the Caraboidea communities of Gorongosa National Park (GNP) in Mozambique. Influence of the wet season, after a long period of drought, was evaluated on alpha and beta diversity of Caraboidea in the main habitat types of the park: miombo forests, mixed forests, transitional forests, and grasslands (open savannas). Caraboid communities were sampled by pitfall traps set up in 25 sites of each habitat type along three sampling periods, comprising the transition of dry season to the wet season. After the first rainfall, an increase in alpha diversity was observed across GNP habitats, particularly in grasslands. Higher values of beta diversity were observed between the dry and wet seasons, particularly in grasslands. In contrast, dissimilarities in caraboid communities between seasons were not significant in the transitional forests. A higher proportion of xerophilous species, with smaller body size and higher dispersal ability (winged species) was found in grasslands whereas bigger sized and more moisture-dependent caraboid species were found in forested habitats, particularly mixed forests. Community body size in grasslands increased after the rainfall, partly due to the occurrence of caraboid species that were exclusive of forest habitats during drought. Transitional forests, as ecotone habitat areas, appeared to support grassland species during drought, serving also as a source of forests species that may colonize the open areas in the wet season. Hygrophilous forest species will probably be more threatened by climate aridification and future landscape changes due to climate change.
Ketamine ameliorates activity-based anorexia of adolescent female mice through changes in the prevalence of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors at excitatory synapses that are in opposite directions for of pyramidal neurons versus GABA interneurons in medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Li Jennifer , Chen Yi-Wen , Aoki Chiye 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
(250 word limit) A previous study showed that a single sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine (30 mg/kg-KET, IP) has an immediate and long-lasting (>20 days) effect of reducing maladaptive behaviors associated with activity-based anorexia (ABA) among adolescent female mice. This study sought to determine whether synaptic plasticity involving NR2B-containing NMDA receptors (NR2B) at excitatory synapses in the prelimbic region of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) contributes to this ameliorative effect. To this end, quantitative electron microscopic analyses of NR2B-subunit immunoreactivity at excitatory synapses of pyramidal neurons (PN) and GABAergic interneurons (GABA-IN) were conducted upon layer 1 of mPFC of the above-described mice that received a single efficacious 30 mg/kg-KET (N=8) versus an inefficacious 3 mg/kg-KET (N=8) dose during the food-restricted day of the first ABA induction (ABA1). Brain tissue was collected after these animals underwent recovery from ABA1, then of recovery from a second ABA induction (ABA2), 22 days after the ketamine injection. For all three parameters used to quantify ABA resilience (increased food consumption, reduced wheel running, body weight gain), 30 mg/kg-KET evoked synaptic plasticity in opposite directions for PN and GABA-IN, with changes at excitatory synapses on GABA-IN dominating the adaptive behaviors more than on PN. The synaptic changes were in directions consistent with changes in the excitatory outflow from mPFC that weaken food consumption-suppression, strengthen wheel running suppression and enhance food consumption. We hypothesize that 30 mg/kg-KET promotes these long-lasting changes in the excitatory outflow from mPFC after acutely blocking the hunger and wheel-access activated synaptic circuits underlying maladaptive behaviors during ABA.
RINGO: A RINEX pre-processing software for multi-GNSS data
Authors: Kawamoto Satoshi , Takamatsu Naofumi , Abe Satoshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We have developed a new multi-GNSS data pre-processing software “RINGO” that provides various features including editing, quality checking, clock jump correction, higher order ionosphere correction, conversion of BINEX and RTCM files, and an interactive viewer for RINEX files. The recent increase in number of GNSS satellites has made GNSS data more complex; however, the software available to pre-process them is very limited. RINGO is a command line tool capable of handling multi-GNSS data including GPS, QZSS, GLONASS, Galileo, and other systems in RINEX 2.xx, 3.xx, and 4.00 formats, which allows users to easily manage the multi-GNSS data observed at continuously operating reference stations. We present algorithms and applications for each RINGO feature. The results of the quality check feature were compared with results estimated by other existing software packages. Our results agreed well with those of the TEQC software. With RINGO, users can easily pre-process multi-GNSS data without combining multiple tools, and the software will contribute to the popularization of the latest RINEX format.
Seroconversion for asymptomatic Arbovirus, Campylobacter, and Hepatitis E Infections in German Travelers to Asia
Authors: Dammermann Werner , Haller Isabel-Elena , Singethan Katrin , Pischke Sven , Vinnemeyer Christof , Lüth Stefan , Hentschel Florian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Transmission of infectious diseases through international travel is increasing, especially in travelers from developed to developing countries. Still, actual incidence of typical travel diseases is not known, especially if we take into account asymptomatic as well as symptomatic infections.
Methods
In this study, we took medical history and analyzed blood samples of 81 individuals from Germany before and after traveling to regions endemic for Vector-Borne diseases (VBD) and Food- and Water Borne Diseases (FWD). Additionally, we tested for two infections unrelated to travel. Blood was drawn before and after travelling to South and Southeast Asia. IgG, IgM, and if possible IgA antibody titers were measured using ELISA kits for Dengue virus (DENV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Hepatitis E virus (HEV), Camphylobacter jejuni (C.jejuni), and for Cytomegalovirus and Helicobacter pylori.
Results
No symptoms were reported. Still, we found one anti-ZIKV and two anti-DENV IgG seroconversions. For CHIKV, we found three individuals who were IgG-positive before travel and negative afterwards. Regarding FWD, we found five IgG seroconversions for C.jejuni and zero for HEV. We also found one IgG seroconversion for CMV, and zero for H.pylori. Calculated incidences were between zero and 1.2% for VBDs and between zero and 6.5% for FWDs.
Conclusion
Serological analyses pre and post traveling are a useful tool to detect asymptomatic travel diseases, and to objectively determine the risk of infection in endemic areas. This, even though the results for CHIKV may hint to a low selectivity of the test kits we used.
Evaluation of Endosseous Canals in the Anterior Mandible by using CBCT: An uncommon case of a quintuple lingual canal
Authors: BULUT Ayşe , ESET Ahu Eser , TUNCAY Nazime , CİLASUN Ülkem , BULUT Ömer Engin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this article was to evaluate the regional frequency, location, and diameter of lingual foramen in the anterior mandible using a retrospective analysis of clinically obtained cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
Methods: Two hundred thirty-four regions based on CBCT, of the anterior mandible of 76 patients (41 female and 35 male) were examined retrospectively for the presence of endosseous bony canals. The lingual foramen was examined for the measurements of the maximum diameter of the artery and the diameter of the lingual foramen. We measured the distance between the lingual foramen and the alveolar ridge, the tooth apex, the mandibular border, and the mental foramen. Data were analysed using ANOVA and independent sample t-tests.
Results: The range of the diameters of the lingual artery varied from 0.3 to 1.67 mm. Most lingual foramina (47.62%) were found in the midline region. The quintuple canal was observed on CBCT scans. The highest measurement of the diameter of the artery (p< .01), the longest distance between lingual foramen (p< .05) and alveolar ridge, and the nearest distance between lingual and mental foramen (p< .01) were found at the right side.
Conclusion: The findings related to the presence, diameter, and prevalence of vascular canals, revealed significant results for oral surgery, and should not be ignored when planning any operation in the anterior mandible. We present an uncommon case with a quintuple lingual canal. In order to prevent life-threatening bleeding, it is imperative to detect these vessels with CBCT before mandibular surgery.
Acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy: clinical characteristic analysis and review of literature
Authors: Zheng Xue-Qing , Zhou Xiang , Yao Yong , Deng Kan , You Hui , Duan Lian , Zhu Huijuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose To retrospectively summarize the clinical features of acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy and analyze the prognostic factors to guide early identification and timely treatment of such patients.
Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to summarize the clinical manifestations, hormone changes, imaging, treatment and follow-up of 10 patients with acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy admitted to our hospital from February 2013 to September 2021.
Results The mean age of the 10 patients (5 males and 5 females) at the time of pituitary apoplexy was 37.1 ±13.4 years old. There were 9 cases with sudden severe headache and 5 cases with visual impairment. All patients had pituitary macroadenomas, of which 6 cases with Knosp grade ≥ 3. The level of GH/IGF-1 hormone after pituitary apoplexy was lower compared with pre-apoplexy, and 1 patient reached biochemical remission spontaneously. 7 patients underwent transsphenoidal pituitary surgery after apoplexy and 1 patient was treated with long-acting somatostatin analog. The biochemical remission rate was 37.5% in 8 patients immediately after treatment and 50% at the last follow-up. Patients with Knosp grade ≥ 3 were less likely to achieve biochemical remission than those with Knosp grade < 3 (16.7% vs. 100%, p=0.048), and patients who achieved biochemical remission had a smaller maximum tumor diameter [20.1（20.1,28.0）mm vs. 44.0（44.0,60）mm，p=0.016].
Conclusion Acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
Attrition of Indigenous nursing students due to the cultural shock they face in the clinical educational program
Authors: Mphuthi David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background:The number of student nurses leaving the training in the first year is increasing, and one of the reasons could be the fear of facing reality like death and dying. This study aimed to explore first-year African indigenous student nurses' experiences with death and a patient dying in the clinical area.Method:Qualitative research method was employed, and data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Data were collected from African indigenous student nurses during their first year of study. Thematic analysis of the responses provided by nine participants revealed four themes and nine sub-themes. Themes included knowledge, emotional trauma, low self-esteem, and nutritional disorder.Results:Results revealed lack of experience, emotional trauma, low self-esteem, and nutritional disorder as the main effects among these nurses. Negative attitudes of clinical professionals, shortage of staff, and congested block programs were identified as some courses of attrition.Conclusions:Findings suggest the need to review the curriculum for first-year student nurses. In addition, professional clinical nurses who serve as preceptors are trained as mentors of these student nurses. Students felt overwhelmed by this experience which can be attributed to indigenous belief systems about death and dying. Most of these nurses come to nursing without seeing a dead or dying person because they believe that the evil spirit surrounds a dead person until they have reached a certain age.
A protocol for the formative evaluation of the implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in child and adolescent mental health services as part of a learning health system
Authors: McCabe Erin , Dyson Michele , McNeil Deborah , Hindmarch Whitney , Ortega Iliana , Arnold Paul D , Dimitropoulos Gina , Clements Ryan , Santana Maria J , Zwicker Jennifer D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Mental health conditions affect one in seven young people and research suggests that current mental health services are not meeting the needs of most children and youth. Learning health systems are an approach to enhancing through rapid, routinized cycles of continuous learning and improvement. Patient-reported outcome measures provide a key data source for learning health systems. They have also been shown to improve outcomes for patients when integrated into routine clinical care. However, implementing these measures into health systems is a challenging process. This paper describes a protocol for a formative evaluation of the implementation of patient-reported measures in a newly operational child and adolescent mental health centre in Calgary, Canada. The purpose is to optimize the collection and use of patient-reported outcome measures. Our specific objectives are to assess the implementation progress, identify barriers and facilitators to implementation, and explore patient, caregivers and clinician experiences of using these measures in routine clinical care.
Methods: This study is a mixed-methods, formative evaluation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Participants include patients and caregivers who have used the centre’s services, as well as leadership, clinical and support staff at the centre. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews will be conducted to assess barriers and facilitators to the implementation and sustainability of the use of patient-reported outcome measures, as well as individuals’ experiences with using these measures within clinical care. The data generated by the patient-reported measures over the first five months of the centre’s operation will be analyzed to understand implementation progress, as well as validity of the chosen measures for the centres’ population.
Discussion: The findings of this evaluation will help to identify and address the factors that are affecting the successful implementation of patient-reported measures at the centre. They will inform the co-design of strategies to improve implementation with key stakeholders, which include patients, clinical staff, and leadership at the centre. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in child and adolescent mental health services and our findings can be used to enhance future implementation efforts in similar settings.
Characterization of bacteria with plant growth promotion and antagonistic activity associated to rhizosphere and phyllosphere of Platanus mexicana and Persea shiedeana trees natural hosts of ambrosial beetle
Authors: Ferrera-Rodriguez Ofelia , Alarcón-González Brian Arturo , Caballero-Reyes Gerardo Emmanuel , Hernández-Melchor Dulce , Alarcón Alejandro , Ferrera-Cerrato Ronald , Ortiz-Castro Randy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
It is well established that bacteria belonging to microbiota of plants, contribute to the better development of their hosts by different mechanisms, such as, growth promotion, nutrient facilitation, stimulation of plant defenses, antagonizing pathogens or pest, and some of them are also, some microorganisms show enzymatic activities with biotechnological application in the agricultural and industrial sector. In the present study we identified and characterized fourteen bacterial strains isolated from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of Platanus mexicana and Persea schiedeana trees; the aim of this research was to evaluate bacterial biological activities over plant growth promotion on Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and antagonistic activity over phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sp., besides studying their lytic ability when confronted with cellulose, pectin, or chitin as carbon sources. Such strains were classified into Curtobacterium, Plantibacter, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Carnobacterium, Staphylococcus, Erwinia, Serratia, Exiguobacterium and Yersinia genera. Every single strain revealed at least one of the evaluated characteristics. Yersinia sp. strain PsH3-014(14D) and Bacillus sp. strain Hay2-01H(7) stand out from the other strains due to their capacity to promote plant growth in A. thaliana seedlings as well as antagonist activity against of Fusarium sp.; moreover, PsH3-014(14D) also degrades pectin and chitin, while Hay2-01H(7) degrades cellulose and pectin. In contrast, Carnobacterium gallinarum strain Chi2-3Ri was detrimental for the development of Arabidopsis seedlings but it can degrade cellulose. Erwinia sp. strain Hay2-1H was the only strain capable to degrade all three biopolymers tested (cellulose, pectin, and chitin). Further research could be directed towards the isolation and characterization of key enzymes produced by the referred strains, as well as further exploration of other metabolic capacities.
PD1+TIGIT+2B4+KLRG1+ cells might underlie T-cell dysfunction in patients treated with BCMA-directed CAR-T therapy
Authors: Mishra Ameet , Schmidt Timothy , Martell Ella , Chen Alex , Dogru Reyna , Hematti Peiman , Callander Natalie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown rapid, frequent and deep responses in patients with relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, relapse following CAR-T is frequently observed and the cause for resistance is not well defined. Among the potential mechanism of resistance, T cell intrinsic factors may be an important source of failure. Here, we used spectral flow cytometry to identify the change in T cell phenotypes in bone marrow aspirates at different stages of multiple myeloma progression, including cases that relapsed after anti-BCMA CAR-T therapies. We identified completely different T cell phenotypes in RRMM and post CAR-T relapse cases compared to healthy donors and earlier stages of multiple myeloma, a novel double negative CD3+ T cells in RRMM and CAR-T relapsed cases, and difference in CD8 T cell phenotype at the baseline between peripheral blood and bone marrow from healthy donors. We found that the majority of T cells in RRMM, and significant subset of T cells in post CAR-T relapsed cases, expressed multiple co-inhibitory markers including PD1, TIGIT, 2B4 and KLRG1.
Upcycling of polyester wastes blended bio-based alginate fiber to fire-safety composite applied in the construct field
Authors: Weng Lin , Zhang Xiaolin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A depleting fossil reserve and the troublesome recycling corresponding waste is worldwide problem. This work upcycled polyester waste fiber with intrinsic nonflammable bio-based alginate fiber via opening-combing-needle punching technique into a fire-proof building material to reduce waste disposal and carbon footprint. The composite was proved to generate minor amount of smoke and heat, and abundant nonflammable CO2 and H2O in the pyrolysis process.With very limited flammable H2, CO and C2H4, those can be completely diluted by the nonflammable gases. Furthermore, the credible flame-retardant mechanism of fuel-dilution effect was proposed, that was the final formed Ca-C residual chars cooperating with larger number of nonflammable gaseous volatile employed as a natural barrier to impede the heat, O2 and mass transfer, which can dramatically reduce the fire hazard. Taken together, this research recycled the waste chemical fiber into the outstanding fire-proofing composite applied in the construct field by a cost-effective and eco-friendly method.
A Motor Unit Action Potential Based Signal Decomposition Scheme for Myoelectric Pattern Recognition System
Authors: SHARMA ANIL , Sharma Ila , Kumar Anil 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Electromyography (EMG) signal-based Pattern Recognition (PR) system uses EMG signals and their attributes to control external devices. Due to the complex nature of EMG signals, A PR system uses many computational steps before the final output. This paper presents an alternative and novel approach for signal treatment based on Motor Unit Action Potential (MUAP) identification before the feature extraction and classification stage. Initially, a calculated noise margin segregates the active EMG signals and removes the overlapping and low-amplitude muscle signals. This step helps in reducing noise from the active EMG signals. Next, we developed an algorithm to categorize primary and overlapping MUAPs based on their holding times. Segmentation of signals is performed based on the occurrence of repeating primary MUAPs and their correlation score. It results in a lesser segmentation width than the conventional method resulting in less computational time. Six prominent features are calculated from the obtained segmentation windows. The preliminary results show an encouraging performance of the features set obtained from the MUAP-based segments. The Kruskal-Wallis test shows a low p-value which signifies the distribution of different features from different movement classes.
Specific interpretation biases as a function of social anxiety and callous-unemotional traits in a community and a clinical adolescent sample
Authors: Dapprich Anna L. , Becker Eni S. , Derks Laura M. , Legenbauer Tanja , Lange Wolf-Gero 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: Threatening and hostile interpretation biases are seen as causal and maintaining mechanisms of childhood anxiety and aggression, respectively. However, it is unclear whether these interpretation biases are specific to distinct problems or whether they are general psychopathological phenomena. The specificity versus pervasiveness of interpretation biases could also differ depending on mental health status. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated whether social anxiety and callous-unemotional (CU) traits were uniquely related to threatening and hostile interpretation biases, respectively, in both a community and a clinical sample of adolescents.
Methods: A total of 161 adolescents between 10 to 15 years of age participated. The community sample consisted of 88 participants and the clinical sample consisted of 73 inpatients with a variety of psychological disorders. Social anxiety and CU-traits were assessed with self-report questionnaires. The Ambiguous Social Scenario Task was used to measure both threatening and hostile interpretations in response to written vignettes.
Results: Results showed that social anxiety was uniquely related to more threatening interpretations, while CU-traits were uniquely related to more hostile interpretations. These relationships were replicated for the community sample. For the clinical sample, only the link between social anxiety and threatening interpretations was significant. Explorative analyses showed that adolescents with externalizing disorders scored higher on hostile interpretations than adolescents with internalizing disorders.
Conclusions: Overall, these results support the content-specificity of threatening interpretation biases in social anxiety and of hostile interpretation biases in CU-traits. Better understanding the roles of interpretation biases in different psychopathologies might open avenues for tailored prevention and intervention paradigms.