bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Patient-Reported Outcomes in Internationally Adopted Children with Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Salinero Lauren K. , Ahluwalia Vinayak S. , Barrero Carlos E. , Wagner Connor S. , Pontell Matthew E. , Magee Leanne , Low David W. , Jackson Oksana A. , Napoli Joseph A. , Bartlett Scott P. , Swanson Jordan , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: August 2023

Objective To compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in internationally adopted patients with cleft lip and palate to those in non-adopted peers. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Multidisciplinary cleft team at tertiary care hospital. Patients Patients aged ≥ 8 with cleft lip and palate attending routine cleft team evaluations September 2021 - September 2022. Main Outcome Measure CLEFT-Q PRO scores. Results Sixty-four internationally adopted patients and 113 non-adopted patients with a mean age of 13 years were included. Compared to non-adopted peers, adopted patients demonstrated worse satisfaction with face appearance (mean 59 vs. 66, p = .044), speech function (mean 69 vs. 78, p = .005), and speech distress (mean 80 vs. 84, p = .032). No significant differences were observed on the nose, nostrils, teeth, lips, lip scar, jaws, psychological function, or social function scales ( p > .05). Objective clinical evaluation corroborated these findings, with adopted patients demonstrating worse Pittsburgh Weighted Speech scores (mean 3.0 vs 1.9, p = .027) and greater incidence of articulation errors (64% vs 46%, p = .021). No significant differences were observed in rates of mood, anxiety, or behavior concerns identified on psychosocial assessment ( p = .764). Among adopted patients, undergoing palatoplasty prior to adoption was associated with worse satisfaction with speech, appearance, school, and social function ( p < .05). Conclusions Patient-reported outcomes among internationally adopted adolescents and young adults with cleft lip and palate show slightly lower satisfaction with facial appearance and speech but otherwise demonstrate similar results to non-adopted peers on most appearance and psychosocial measures. PRO data correlated well with objective speech assessment and did not portend worse psychosocial function.
Comparing Lookback Periods to Ascertain Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias
Authors: Kunicki Zachary J. , Bayer Thomas , Jiang Lan , Bozzay Melanie L. , Quinn McKenzie J. , De Vito Alyssa N. , Emrani Sheina , Erqou Sebhat , McGeary John E. , Zullo Andrew R. , Duprey Matthew S. , Singh Mriganka , Primack Jennifer M. , Kelso Catherine M. , Wu Wen-Chih , Rudolph James L. 
Published: August 2023

Claims data are a valuable resource for studying Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias is often identified using a list of claims codes and a fixed lookback period of 3 years of data. However, a 1-year lookback or an approach using all-available lookback data could be beneficial based on different research questions. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare 1-year and all-available lookback approaches to ascertaining ADRD compared to the standard 3-year approach. Using a cohort of Veterans hospitalized for heart failure (N = 373, 897), our results suggested high agreement (93% or greater) between the lookback periods. The 1-year lookback period had lower sensitivity (60%) and underestimated the prevalence of ADRD. These results suggest that 1-year and all-available lookback periods are viable approaches when using claims data.
The Impact of Gender-affirming Surgeries on Suicide-related Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Marques Inês Rafael , Cagigal César Augusto Mendes , Ezzeddine Reem , Rema João Paulo Alvim Gonçalves Pinto , Cruz Filipa Andreia Lemos Novais Oliveira 
Published: August 2023

Aims: Being transgender has been linked to poor mental health indicators, especially those related to suicide. We aimed to review the impact of gender-affirming surgeries (GAS) on suicidal behavior in the transgender population. Method: An advanced search was conducted on PubMed until February 28, 2022, and a total of 11 studies were considered eligible. Data were extracted on the size of sample population, control group, type of procedure, means of assessment, duration of time between surgery and assessment, and suicide-related outcomes. The considered outcomes were suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and death by suicide. Results: Five studies compared the same patients pre- and post-GAS, while six studies compared patients who underwent GAS with a group who did not. Overall, suicide-related outcomes were found to be less frequent in patients after GAS when compared to those same patients’ pre-GAS indicators. The two studies that used either the general population or matched age and sex controls found a much higher prevalence of suicide-related outcomes, specifically suicide attempts and death by suicide, in post-GAS patients than in control groups. However, the studies that compared the treatment groups with either patients in an earlier phase of the transition or those who desired but had not yet undergone surgery showed lower post-GAS suicide-related outcomes, including suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusions: Suicidal ideation was generally found to decrease post-GAS; results regarding suicide attempts were inconsistent, and there was insufficient data to draw any conclusion about the effects of GAS on death by suicide.
Mortality after emergency unit fluid bolus in febrile Ugandan children
Authors: Rice Brian , Hawkins Jessica , Nakato Serena , Kamara Nicholas ,   on behalf of Global Emergency Care Investigator Group
Published: August 2023

Objectives
Pediatric fluid resuscitation in sub-Saharan Africa has traditionally occurred in inpatients. The landmark Fluid Expansion as Supportive Therapy (FEAST) trial showed fluid boluses for febrile children in this inpatient setting increased mortality. As emergency care expands in sub-Saharan Africa, fluid resuscitation increasingly occurs in the emergency unit. The objective of this study was to determine the mortality impact of emergency unit fluid resuscitation on febrile pediatric patients in Uganda.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used data from 2012–2019 from a single emergency unit in rural Western Uganda to compare three-day mortality for febrile patients that did and did not receive fluids in the emergency unit. Propensity score matching was used to create matched cohorts. Crude and multivariable logistic regression analysis (using both complete case analysis and multiple imputation) were performed on matched and unmatched cohorts. Sensitivity analysis was done separately for patients meeting FEAST inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results
The analysis included 3087 febrile patients aged 2 months to 12 years with 1,526 patients receiving fluids and 1,561 not receiving fluids. The matched cohorts each had 1,180 patients. Overall mortality was 4.0%. No significant mortality benefit or harm was shown in the crude unmatched (Odds Ratio [95% Confidence Interval] = 0.88 [0.61–1.26] or crude matched (1.00 [0.66–1.50]) cohorts. Adjusted cohort analysis (including both complete case analysis and multiple imputation) and sensitivity analysis of patients meeting FEAST inclusion and exclusion criteria all also failed to show benefit or harm. Post-hoc power calculations showed the study was powered to detect the absolute harm seen in FEAST but not the relative risk increase.

Conclusions
This study’s primary finding is that fluid resuscitation in the emergency unit did not significantly increase or decrease three-day mortality for febrile children in Uganda. Universally aggressive or fluid-sparing emergency unit protocols are unlikely to be best practices, and choices about fluid resuscitation should be individualized.
Adsorptive Removal of Hazardous Cadmium(II) Ions from Synthetic Wastewater using Acid-Treated Algal Biomass Vaucheria sp.
Authors: RASTOGI ARSHI 
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the ability of acid-treated Vaucheria sp., to remove hazardous cadmium(II) ions from synthetic wastewater. The impact of variables such as solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, alga-Cd(II) contact duration and temperature were examined via batch experiments. Using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models, the equilibrium isotherm constants were calculated. The equilibrium data were found to be more compatible with the Langmuir model. At pH 5, 0.6 g of algal dosage, an equilibrium time of 70 min and a temperature of 318 K, the maximal adsorption capacity achieved by Vaucheria sp. biomass for Cd(II) was 92.59 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics were analyzed using both the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, with the latter model demonstrating to be more suitable for the adsorption process by comparing R2 values. The process was determined to be endothermic (ΔHº > 1) and spontaneous (ΔGº < 1) by analyzing the thermodynamic parameters. The biomass was pre-treated to a variety of chemicals in order to improve metal sorption capacity and it emerged that acid pretreatments significantly boosted the metal sorption capacity. Overall, the findings suggest that acid-treated Vaucheria sp. might be a cost-effective and beneficial adsorbent biomass for removing Cd(II) metal ions from synthetic wastewater.
Gram Scale Synthesis of Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles: Dip Coating on Cellulose Filter Paper, Antibacterial Activity and Comparison with Commonly Available Face Masks
Authors: Rai Randhir 
Published: August 2023

Cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu2ONPs) were synthesized on a gram scale via bottom-up approach without making use of any hazardous stabilizing agent. The nanoparticles were coated on qualitative cellulose filter paper via dip coating method. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Powder X-Ray diffraction (PXRD) and electron microscopy were used to characterize Cu2ONPs and Cu2ONPs coated filter paper (Cu2ONPs-FP). The antibacterial activity of Cu2ONPs-FP was studied against E. coli DH5α and compared with commonly accessible face masks.
Effect of H2O2 Concentration on Morphology, Reflectivity and Wettability of Si Nanowalls Prepared by Metal Assisted Chemical Etching
Authors: Behara Anil Kumar , R. N. Viswanath , Mathews Tom 
Published: August 2023

A facile and low cost method, metal assisted chemical etching was used to prepare silicon (Si) nanowalls atop the Si wafer, where the effect of etchant solution concentration (H2O2 concentration) on the morphology, reflectivity and wettability of the fabricated Si nanowalls is investigated. The morphological and structural studies by scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed the Si nanowalls prepared at both low and high H2O2 concentration are smooth, nonporous and single crystalline, where the increase of H2O2 concentration only changes the morphology from isolated nanowall structure to agglomerated nanowall structure. The height of nanowalls also increases with increase in H2O2 concentration and follows a linear behaviour with an etching rate of 5697 nm/M. The reflectance study shows that the reflectance is extremely low over broad wavelength range (300-1100 nm) for Si nanowalls, compared to that of planar Si wafer. The increase of H2O2 concentration significantly changes the wavelength dependence of the reflectance spectrum. The wettability studies show that SiNWs prepared at low H2O2 concentration exhibit hydrophobicity in contrast to the hydrophilicity of planar Si wafer, where the increase of H2O2 concentration to very high value changes the hydrophobicity of SiNWs to hydrophilicity as similar to planar Si wafer.
Thermally Activated Natural Clay for the Removal of Pharmaceutical Drug Levofloxacin
Authors: KULKARNI RAVIRAJ M. , YAKKERIMATH SHILPA , V. DIVEKAR SANJAYKUMAR , CHATE VAIBHAV R. , PURANDARA BEKAL 
Published: August 2023

The adsorption behaviour of natural clay (NC) and thermal activated clay (TAC) mineral of the Panchanganga river flood zone sedimentfor levofloxacin (a class of fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug) has been studied. The isotherm and kinetic studies were performed using the batch technique. The results showed that TAC has 72.6% removal efficiency comparatively higher than NC, which is 62.8% at 120 min, pH = 7, dosage 0.40 g/L and Initial concentration of 18.69 mg/L. The kinetic and isotherm results indicate the adsorption of levofloxacin on NC and TAC follows Freundlich isotherm suggesting multilayer sorption and chemisorption as a rate-limiting step during the process. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the interaction of NC and TAC with levofloxacin from the results of the adsorption study. The negative free energy change and positive enthalpy change indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic.
Visible and Solar Light Degradation of Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin using Titania Nanocomposite
Authors: M Vijayatha , B Vijayalaxmi , Md Sajeeda , B Ravali , K Venkatesham , M Kalpana , B Padma , Aytam Hari Padmasri 
Published: August 2023

A simple sol-gel approach was used to synthesize TiO2 nanoparticles and its composite TiO2-PEG (TPG) using polyethylene glycol (PEG). The synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, SEM -EDX, TEM, UV-DRS, photoluminescence, Raman, XPS and BET-surface area techniques. The development of non-toxic, cost-effective, biocompatible and efficient polymeric nanocomposite increases the mechanical, thermophysical and physico-chemical properties of prepared nanomaterials. PEG affected the reaction with the crystallization process of the prepared titania nanoparticles to a great extent. The antibiotics ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin of fluoroquinolone class are widely used to treat certain bacterial infections and at the same time their residues generate serious health issues due to the lack of proper waste water treatment systems thus causing environmental pollution. The present study is thus focused on synthesizing efficient titania PEG nanocomposite to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics in both solar and visible light. Efficiency of degradation was achieved maximum upto 74% with TPG and 64% with pure TiO2 nanoparticles for ciprofloxacin in visible light, similarly the degradation of norfloxacin was achieved 65% with TPG and 57% with TiO2 nanoparticles. Sunlight irradiation resulted in the degradation of ciprofloxacin to 80.2% with TPG and 77% with TiO2 nanoparticles whereas it was 78.7% with TPG and 68.6% with TiO2 nanoparticles for the degradation of norfloxacin. These results indicate that the catalyst TPG showed higher activity in presence of solar and visible light than TiO2 nanoparticles. Recyclability was also studied showing the stability of the photocatalyst used even after five successive runs.
NABL Accreditation - Advantages and Disadvantages and Its Process in India
Authors: Ravi Ranjan Singh  , Kumari Pallavi  
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Accreditation is a means of self-regulation and peer review adopted by an institution or an organization. It is a voluntary process of being certified as meeting minimum requirements designated by an accrediting agency. ISO 15189 standard is an international standard that specifies requirements for quality management in medical laboratories. It is intended to promote the quality and competence of medical laboratories and to provide a framework for continual improvement. The National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) operates as an autonomous organization functioning under the governance of the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. The primary objective of this initiative is to offer an independent evaluation of the proficiency and excellence in testing and calibration laboratories affiliated with governmental authorities, industry associations, and the private sector. The NABL provides laboratory accreditation services adhering to the ISO 15189 guidelines. Although there exist certain limitations to the accreditation process such as financial expenses, time constraints, stringent regulations, and an emphasis on adherence rather than enhancement, the advantages of accreditation generally outbalance these challenges. Accreditation serves as a means of providing guarantee with respect to the dependability and precision of laboratory outcomes, a fundamental imperative for a multitude of crucial purposes which include but are not limited to the realm of healthcare, environmental evaluation, and product safety assessment.
Rancang Bangun dan Uji Kelayakan Teloplast sebagai Alat Ukur Volume Kehilangan Darah pada Persalinan Normal
Authors: Fitriyani Elisda , Sumarni Sri , Supriyadi Supriyadi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe most common cause of maternal death in Indonesia is postpartum hemorrhage. Determining the diagnosis of postpartum hemorrhage by objectively measuring the volume of blood loss is still rarely done. This study aims to design and test the feasibility of teloplast , which is a birthing sheet made from biodegradable plastic as a container for measuring the volume of blood loss in normal delivery. This research method uses Research and Development (R&D) research . The teloplast feasibility test was carried out by 5 experts. The results of the expert validation test showed that Teloplast was appropriate to be used as a measure of blood loss volume in normal delivery with a Likert scale of 93.05% which was interpreted as a very good tool and suitable for use. AbstrakPenyebab kematian ibu terbanyak di Indonesia adalah perdarahan pasca salin. Penentuan diagnosis perdarahan pasca persalinan dengan pengukuran secara objektif volume kehilangan darah masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan menguji kelayakan Teloplast yaitu perlak alas persalinan berbahan plastik biodegradable sebagai alat tampung untuk mengukur volume kehilangan darah pada persalinan normal. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Research and Development (R&D). Uji kelayakan alat Teloplast dilakukan oleh 5 orang expert. Hasil uji validasi ahli menunjukkan bahwa Teloplast layak digunakan sebagai alat ukur volume kehilangan darah pada persalinan normal dengan skala Likert 93,05% diinterpretasikan alat baik sekali dan layak digunakan.
Hygiene and Sanitation Condition in the Karangayu Market Regional Technical Implementation Unit
Authors: Pamungkas Pradico Dwi 
Published: August 2023

Background: Lack of access to sanitation and hygiene in the traditional market can increase infectious disease transmission. Based on a preliminary study in the Karangayu Market, it was found that the hygiene and sanitation condition did not meet the requirements of Minister of Health regulation No. 17 of 2020. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of market hygiene and sanitation in the working area of Karangayu Market Regional Technical Implementation Unit, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: This observational study was conducted in all of the eight markets located in the working area of Karangayu Market Regional Technical Implementation Unit. A score of ≥ 70% of the total score of each variable was determined as met the requirement and the score of ≤ 70% was defined as did not meet the requirements. The determination of the scores was done through the observation using sanitary assessment, based on the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 17 of 2020. Results: The condition of market hygiene and sanitation in the working area of Karangayu Market, Semarang City had not met the requirements. The used indicators were traders/employees, visitors, market buildings, garbage disposal sites, drainage ditches, toilets, places to sell food and groceries, control of disease-carrying animals, parking lots. However, the level of density of flies was still met the requirements. Conclusion: Poor hygiene and sanitation in the working area of Karangayu Market Regional Technical Implementation Unit, Semarang City, can increase the risk for disease transmission if it is not resolved.
The effect of NK cell therapy on sepsis secondary to lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Tang Jingling , Xie Lulu , Liu Honglin , Wu Liyun , Li Xiaoyang , Du Hang , Wang Xinjun , Li Xiaoyun , Yang Yuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Patients with sepsis face high mortality rates and a bleak prognosis, prompting the need for advanced therapeutic interventions. A male patient diagnosed with moderately low-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma received diverse treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy to inhibit angiogenesis. Subsequently, he developed sepsis after comprehensive treatment, and conventional antibiotic combinations proved ineffective in combating the infection. As an experimental approach, allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell infusion was administered. Following the NK cell infusion, the patient regained consciousness, and laboratory analyses showed reduced infection-related markers, suppressed serum inflammatory cytokines, and elevated anti-tumor cytokines. However, the therapeutic effect only lasted 2–3 days. In vitro investigations demonstrated that the allogeneic NK cell product reduced interleukin-6 levels in the patient’s serum. Moreover, subsequent co-cultivation of the NK cell product with the patient’s serum resulted in a decrease in the proportion of cytotoxic subpopulations of NK cells and a downregulation of the expression of NK-mediated killing molecules. In conclusion, adoptive transfusion of allogeneic NK cells may improve sepsis symptoms in patients with tumor-related sepsis. In vitro co-culture tests hold promise in providing predictive biomarkers for treatment effectiveness.
A theoretical study of mechanical source in a hygrothermoelastic medium with an overlying non-viscous fluid
Authors: Ailawalia Praveen , Priyanka  , Marin Marin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This work demonstrates deformation in hygrothermoelastic medium with an overlying non-viscous fluid of uniform thickness. A constant mechanical force is applied along the fluid-layer. The normal-mode analysis technique is applied to solve the governing equations of the medium. The analytical expressions of displacement, moisture concentration, temperature distribution, and stresses are obtained for the hygrothermoelastic medium and depicted graphically for different values of fluid-layer depth. The finding of this work is that the values of the aforementioned physical quantities decrease with an increase in the fluid-layer, which justifies the decaying nature of waves with depth. The novelty of the problem is that no research has been carried out so far for analyzing hygrothermoelastic medium subjected to thermoelastic deformation.