bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging Newtonian potential in pure R2 gravity on a de Sitter background
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Ky 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In [27] Alvarez-Gaume et al. established that pure $$ \mathcal{R} $$
R
2 theory propagates massless spin-2 graviton on a de Sitter (dS) background but not on a locally flat background. We build on this insight to derive a Newtonian limit for the theory. Unlike most previous works that linearized the metric around a locally flat background, we explicitly employ the dS background to start with. We directly solve the field equation of the action $$ {\left(2\kappa \right)}^{-1}\int {d}^4x\sqrt{-g}{\mathcal{R}}^2 $$

2
κ

−
1

∫

d
4

x

−
g

R
2

coupled with the stress-energy tensor of normal matter in the form Tμν = Mc2δ($$ \overrightarrow{r} $$

r
→

)$$ {\delta}_{\mu}^0{\delta}_{\nu}^0 $$

δ
μ
0

δ
ν
0

. We obtain the following Schwarzschild-de Sitter metric $$ d{s}^2=-\left(1-\frac{\Lambda}{3}{r}^2-\frac{\kappa {c}^2}{48\pi \Lambda}\frac{M}{r}\right){c}^2d{t}^2+{\left(1-\frac{\Lambda}{3}{r}^2-\frac{\kappa {c}^2}{48\pi \Lambda}\frac{M}{r}\right)}^{-1}d{r}^2+{r}^2d{\varOmega}^2 $$
d

s
2

=
−

1
−

Λ
3

r
2

−

κ

c
2

48
π
Λ

M
r

c
2

d

t
2

+

1
−

Λ
3

r
2

−

κ

c
2

48
π
Λ

M
r

−
1

d

r
2

+

r
2

d

Ω
2

which features a potential $$ V(r)=-\frac{\kappa {c}^4}{96\pi \Lambda}\frac{M}{r} $$
V

r

=
−

κ

c
4

96
π
Λ

M
r

with the correct Newtonian tail. The parameter Λ plays a dual role: (i) it sets the scalar curvature for the background dS metric, and (ii) it partakes in the Newtonian potential V(r). We reach two key findings. Firstly, the Newtonian limit only emerges owing to the de Sitter background. Most existing studies of the Newtonian limit in modified gravity chose to linearize the metric around a locally flat background. However, this is a false vacuum to start with for pure $$ \mathcal{R} $$
R
2 gravity. These studies unknowingly omitted the information about Λ of the de Sitter background, hence incapable of attaining a Newtonian behavior in pure $$ \mathcal{R} $$
R
2 gravity. Secondly, as Λ appears in V(r) in a singular manner, viz. V(r) ∝ Λ−1, the Newtonian limit for pure $$ \mathcal{R} $$
R
2 gravity cannot be obtained by any perturbative approach treating Λ as a small parameter.
Heat and Martin Kernel estimates for Schrödinger operators with critical Hardy potentials
Authors: Barbatis G. , Gkikas K. T. , Tertikas A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLet $$\Omega $$
Ω
be a bounded domain in $${{\mathbb {R}}}^N$$

R

N

with $$C^2$$

C
2

boundary and let $$K\subset \partial \Omega $$

K
⊂
∂
Ω

be either a $$C^2$$

C
2

submanifold of the boundary of codimension $$k<N$$

k
<
N

or a point. In this article we study various problems related to the Schrödinger operator $$L_{\mu } =-\Delta - \mu d_K^{-2}$$

L
μ

=
-
Δ
-
μ

d
K

-
2

where $$d_K$$

d
K

denotes the distance to K and $$\mu \le k^2/4$$

μ
≤

k
2

/
4

. We establish parabolic boundary Harnack inequalities as well as related two-sided heat kernel and Green function estimates. We construct the associated Martin kernel and prove existence and uniqueness for the corresponding boundary value problem with data given by measures. To prove our results we introduce among other things a suitable notion of boundary trace. This trace is different from the one used by Marcus and Nguyen (Math Ann 374(1–2):361–394, 2019) thus allowing us to cover the whole range $$\mu \le k^2/4$$

μ
≤

k
2

/
4

.
Structure and dynamics of pteridine reductase 1: the key phenomena relevant to enzyme function and drug design
Authors: Panecka-Hofman Joanna , Poehner Ina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPteridine reductase 1 (PTR1) is a folate and pterin pathway enzyme unique for pathogenic trypanosomatids. As a validated drug target, PTR1 has been the focus of recent research efforts aimed at finding more effective treatments against human parasitic diseases such as leishmaniasis or sleeping sickness. Previous PTR1-centered structural studies highlighted the enzyme characteristics, such as flexible regions around the active site, highly conserved structural waters, and species-specific differences in pocket properties and dynamics, which likely impacts the binding of natural substrates and inhibitors. Furthermore, several aspects of the PTR1 function, such as the substrate inhibition phenomenon and the level of ligand binding cooperativity in the enzyme homotetramer, likely related to the global enzyme dynamics, are poorly known at the molecular level. We postulate that future drug design efforts could greatly benefit from a better understanding of these phenomena through studying both the local and global PTR1 dynamics. This review highlights the key aspects of the PTR1 structure and dynamics relevant to structure-based drug design that could be effectively investigated by modeling approaches. Particular emphasis is given to the perspective of molecular dynamics, what has been accomplished in this area to date, and how modeling could impact the PTR1-targeted drug design in the future.
Gilteritinib and the risk of intracranial hemorrhage: a case series of a possible, under-reported side effect
Authors: Perrone Salvatore , Imperatore Stefano , Sucato Giuseppe , Notarianni Ermanno , Corbingi Andrea , Andriola Costanza , Napolitano Mariasanta , Pulsoni Alessandro , Molica Matteo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGilteritinib is currently approved for patients with relapsed/refractory AML with FLT3 mutations, based on the positive results of the pivotal ADMIRAL study. In ADMIRAL trial, no increased risk of bleeding was reported, but in the previous dose finding study, a single event of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) was registered after exposure to subtherapeutic doses of gilteritinib. Here, we report the first case series on five ICHs diagnosed in patients with FLT3-mutated AML, occurred within the first month of exposure to gilteritinib. Our cohort included 24 patients treated in three Italian centers. Most of these ICH cases were non-severe and self-limiting, while one was fatal. This link with ICHs remains in any case uncertain for the presence of active AML. We further reported that an analysis of the post-marketing surveillance data (EudraVigilance) retrieved other 11 cases of ICHs present in the database after gilteritinib treatment. A causality assessment was performed according to the Dx3 method to evaluate the possibility that ICHs might be an actual side effect of gilteritinib. In conclusion, further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of gilteritinib in the pathogenesis of ICHs.
Removal rate of 5-fluorouracil and its metabolites in patients on hemodialysis: a report of two cases of colorectal cancer patients with end-stage renal failure
Authors: Imamaki Hirotaka , Oura Mitsuaki , Oguro Fumiya , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Nakagawa Shunsaku , Funakoshi Taro , Kataoka Shigeki , Horimatsu Takahiro , Yonezawa Atsushi , Matsubara Takeshi , Watanabe Norihiko , Muto Manabu , Yanagita Motoko , Ozaki Yoshinao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hyperammonemia is a serious adverse effect of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) administration. Hemodialysis can be used for its management, but detailed data on the concentrations and removal rate of 5FU and its metabolites during hemodialysis remain unclear. Here, we present two cases of hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease who received concurrent 5FU infusion.

Methods
Blood samples were collected from the hemodialysis circuit before and after the dialyzer during day 2 hemodialysis sessions, and from the internal shunt just before and after day 4 hemodialysis sessions. The serum levels of 5FU and its metabolites—α-fluoro-β-alanine (FBAL) and monofluoroacetate (FA)—were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
Seven sets of blood samples were collected for case 1; the removal rates (mean ± standard deviation) of 5FU and FBAL by the dialyzer were 81.2 ± 23.2% and 96.1 ± 8.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). Three sets of blood samples were collected for case 2; the removal rates of 5FU and FBAL were 81.7 ± 3.9% and 94.8 ± 2.7%, respectively (p = 0.03). Twenty-seven sets of blood samples were collected for case 1; reductions in blood FBAL and FA levels were 49.3 ± 8.8% (p < 0.001) and 64.2 ± 30.3% (p = 0.04), respectively. Bayesian estimation yielded similar results. Three sets of blood samples were collected for case 2; reductions in the blood FBAL and FA levels were 49.9 ± 6.9% and 50.6 ± 33.0%, respectively.

Conclusion
In this study, 5FU and its metabolite FBAL were directly removed from the blood by approximately 90% during hemodialysis, and the blood levels of FBAL and FA were reduced by approximately 50% with a single hemodialysis session.
First long-term outcome data for the MicraVR™ transcatheter pacing system: data from the largest prospective German cohort
Authors: Sultan Arian , Scheurlen Cornelia , Wörmann Jonas , van den Bruck Jan-Hendrik , Filipovic Karlo , Erlhöfer Susanne , Dittrich Sebastian , Schipper Jan-Hendrik , Lüker Jakob , Sinning Jan-Malte , Nguyen Dinh Quang , Fischer Sören , Steven Daniel , Winter Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aims
The MicraVR™ transcatheter pacing system (TPS) has been implemented into clinical routine for several years. The primary recipients are patients in need for VVI pacing due to bradycardia in the setting of atrial fibrillation (AF). Implantation safety and acute success have been proven in controlled studies and registries.
So far only few long-term real-life data on TPS exist. We report indication, procedure and outcome data from two high-volume implanting German centers.

Methods
Between 2016 and 2019, 188 (of 303) patients were included. During follow-up (FU), TPS interrogation was performed after 4 weeks and thereafter every 6 months.

Results
Indication for TPS implantation in 159/188 (85%) patients was permanent or intermittent AV block III° in the setting of atrial fibrillation.
The mean procedure duration was 50 min [35.0–70.0]. The average acute values after system release were: thresholds: 0.5V [0.38–0.74]/0.24ms; R-wave sensing: 10.0mV [8.1–13.5]; impedance: 650 Ohm [550–783]; RV-pacing demand: 16.9% [0.9–75.9]; and battery status: 3.15 V [3.12–3.16]. During FU of 723.4 ± 597.9 days, neither pacemaker failure nor infections were reported.
Long-term FU revealed: thresholds: 0.5V [0.38–0.63]/0.24 ms; sensing: 12.3mV [8.9–17.2]; impedance: 570 Ohm [488–633]; RV-pacing demand: 87.1% [29.5–98.6]; and battery status 3.02 V [3.0–3.1]. Forty-three patients died from not-device-related causes.

Conclusion
This to date largest German long-term dataset for MicraVR™ TPS implantation revealed stable device parameter. Foremost, battery longevity seems to fulfill predicted values despite a significant increase in RV-pacing demand over time and even in patients with consecutive AV-node ablation. Of note, no infections or system failure were observed.

Graphical abstract
“Chemobrain” in childhood cancer survivors—the impact on social, academic, and daily living skills: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Semendric Ines , Pollock Danielle , Haller Olivia J. , George Rebecca P. , Collins-Praino Lyndsey E. , Whittaker Alexandra L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To examine children’s experiences of chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment––colloquially “chemobrain”––and the impact on children’s social, academic, and daily living skills via a qualitative systematic review. Experiencing chemotherapy as a child, when the brain is still developing, may cause lifelong detriment to survivors’ lives. There is a significant gap in understanding their lived experience, including the self-identified barriers that children face following treatment. Such a gap can only be fully bridged by listening to the child’s own voice and/or parent proxy report through an exploration of the qualitative research literature.

Methods
A search of MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases was conducted. Inclusion criteria were qualitative studies with a focus on children (0–18 years) during and/or following chemotherapy treatment and explored children’s experiences of chemobrain.

Results
Two synthesized findings were identified from six studies. (1) Chemobrain has an academic and psychosocial impact, which may not be understood by education providers. (2) Children and their parents have concerns about their reintegration and adaptation to school, social lives, and their future selves as independent members of society. Children’s experiences primarily related to changes in their academic and social functioning.

Conclusion
This review highlights two important considerations: (1) the lived experiences of pediatric childhood cancer survivors guiding where future interventions should be targeted, and (2) a need to perform more qualitative research studies in this area, as well as to improve the quality of reporting among the existing literature, given that this is a current gap in the field.
Riparian forests throwback at the Eurasian beaver era: a woody vegetation assessment for Mediterranean regions
Authors: Trentanovi Giovanni , Viviano Andrea , Mazza Giuseppe , Busignani Luigi , Magherini Edoardo , Giovannelli Alessio , Traversi Maria Laura , Mori Emiliano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeveral biotic and abiotic interactions will contribute to riparian ecosystem changes. The impact of Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) on woody vegetation is still unknown for the Mediterranean biogeographical area. Through a replicable approach applied on a cluster of three rivers, we studied how the tree layer of Mediterranean riparian sites is impacted by the beaver's recent comeback. For each site, we collected data (e.g., stem diameter, species, distance from riverbank) for all standing trees and additional information only for gnawed trees at plot level. Data elaboration allowed to characterise impacts on riparian vegetation. Salix spp. and Populus spp. are the main gnawed species, but sporadically other species can be selected based on their size and spatial distribution (e.g., Alnus glutinosa). Diameter means of gnawed trees are significantly lower than the not gnawed ones. Most of the selected trees have low diameter classes (< 12 cm), even if diameter preferences may vary on the basis of overall stand tree size range and distribution. Over 90% of the gnawed trees are entirely harvested, with stumps as the remaining standing element. Main changes on the overall forest stand occurred in the first ten metres from the riverbank, as beaver gnawing activity is significantly influenced by the interaction among tree distance from the river and diameter size. Our approach can be used as a model system to be implemented in other Mediterranean sites where beaver is expanding, with the aim of predicting mid-term riparian forests vegetation changes.
Graphical abstract
MSME technology adoption, entrepreneurial mindset and value creation: a configurational approach
Authors: Cunningham James A. , Damij Nadja , Modic Dolores , Olan Femi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) technology adoption provides a basis to accelerate their growth ambitions and to enhance their value-creation activities for disruptive and competitive purposes. However, we have a limited understanding of how MSMEs engage in new technology adoption for value-creation purposes. Integrating the determinants of technology adoption and entrepreneurial mindset—cognition and opportunity recognition—the purpose of our paper is to examine what factors determine MSME technology adoption. Set in the Danube region of Europe we focus on MSMEs in the automotive, electronics and IT sectors that are traditionally characterized by the relatively rapid uptake of high-performance computing (HPC). As a new technology, HPC combines infrastructure and applications that are highly complex and can be deployed in an array of contexts to address market-based opportunities. Employing fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, we find the potential presence of a complementary relationship between the technological, organisational, and environmental factors and the entrepreneurial mindset for technology adoption among MSMEs for value creation. We find that cognition is not a necessary condition for technology adoption and opportunity recognition is. Furthermore, we unveil that opportunity recognition combined with organisational or environmental factors can enable technology adoption among MSMEs.
Lessons on brain edema in HE: from cellular to animal models and clinical studies
Authors: Pierzchala Katarzyna , Hadjihambi Anna , Mosso Jessie , Jalan Rajiv , Rose Christopher F. , Cudalbu Cristina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBrain edema is considered as a common feature associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). However, its central role as cause or consequence of HE and its implication in the development of the neurological alterations linked to HE are still under debate. It is now well accepted that type A and type C HE are biologically and clinically different, leading to different manifestations of brain edema. As a result, the findings on brain edema/swelling in type C HE are variable and sometimes controversial. In the light of the changing natural history of liver disease, better description of the clinical trajectory of cirrhosis and understanding of molecular mechanisms of HE, and the role of brain edema as a central component in the pathogenesis of HE is revisited in the current review. Furthermore, this review highlights the main techniques to measure brain edema and their advantages/disadvantages together with an in-depth description of the main ex-vivo/in-vivo findings using cell cultures, animal models and humans with HE. These findings are instrumental in elucidating the role of brain edema in HE and also in designing new multimodal studies by performing in-vivo combined with ex-vivo experiments for a better characterization of brain edema longitudinally and of its role in HE, especially in type C HE where water content changes are small.
Medial deviation of the ureter is a new sign that could predict stone impaction: a pilot study
Authors: Aziz Mohammed , Abunayan Mohammed , El Shazly Mohammed , Salman Baher , Habous Mohammad , Almannie Raed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To assess the value medial deviation of the ureter at site of ureteric stone as a sign of ureteric stone impaction.

Patients and methods
All cases with medial deviation of the ureter at site of ureteric stones in our department over 4 years were enrolled in this pilot study. All cases were diagnosed with KUB and non-contrast CT (NCCT). Radiological and ureteroscopic findings were recorded.

Results
A total of 32 patients with a single impacted stone in the proximal and middle third of the ureter were included in the study. Medial deviation of the ureter at the site of the stone was detected in the upper third of the ureter in 24 (75%) cases and in the middle third in 8 (25%) cases. There were mucosal polyps and mucosal erythema (inflammatory changes) seen by ureteroscopy in all cases (100%). Ureteroscopy was successfully completed with stone fragmentation in 23 (71.8%) patients: 8 of them needed ureteric catheter and 15 required JJ stent insertion. Failure of ureteroscopy with insertion of JJ stent was done in 5 (15.6%) patients. Removal of the stent and ureteroscopy was done after 4 weeks.

Conclusion
We conclude from this study that medial deviation of the ureter is a new reliable radiological sign of ureteric stone impaction.
Pathological and biochemical evaluation of radish microgreen on diabetes and aflatoxicosis in rats
Authors: Mohamed Sara M. , Aly Tahany A. A. , Khattab Marwa S. , Abdel-Rahim Emam A , AL-Farga Ammar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiabetes mellitus type 2 remains one of the common diseases nowadays. Several risk factors can be implicated like increased environmental pollution. This study is aimed at evaluating the toxic effect of aflatoxin on diabetes mellitus and possible protection using natural food like radish microgreen (RM). Forty-eight male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups: G1 control group, G2 RM group, G3 aflatoxin group, G4 aflatoxin-RM group, G5 diabetic group, G6 diabetic RM group, G7 diabetic–aflatoxin group, G8 diabetic, aflatoxin, RM group. Phytane and citronellyl tiglate were the main phytochemicals present in RM. The glucose and insulin levels were the worst in G5 and G7 groups. RM feeding restored glucose level to normal but did not alter insulin level. Insulin resistance was decreased, and insulin sensitivity was increased in groups fed RM. Liver and kidney function parameters and LDH activity were improved in groups fed RM. Histopathology of the pancreas and immunohistochemistry of insulin in pancreatic islets was improved in groups fed RM. In RM fed groups, the MDA content was decreased, whereas GSH content and antioxidant enzymes activity were increased. In conclusion, feeding RM in diabetic and/or aflatoxicated groups improved all evaluated parameters which could be due to its antioxidant potential.
Moral hazard with excess returns
Authors: Blonski Matthias , von Lilienfeld-Toal Ulf 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe consider a public firm characterized by a moral hazard problem. A distinguished player is a CEO or activist shareholder who (i) is unrestricted to trade shares and (ii) has discretion to increase the value of this firm by exerting costly effort. von Lilienfeld-Toal and Rünzi (J Finance 69(3):1013–1050, 2014) investigate and confirm the empirical relevance of both these properties. This article shows that a distinguished player cannot be “priced in” correctly. In particular, such a firm is traded at a discount below its equilibrium value in a market equilibrium. Buyers can systematically earn excess returns on their investment. This prediction is indeed consistent with substantial positive abnormal returns for distinguished player firms within the S &P500 and S &P1500 sample reported in von Lilienfeld-Toal and Rünzi (J Finance 69(3):1013–1050, 2014).
The Rionero’s special type of Lyapunov function and its application to a diffusive epidemic model with information
Authors: Buonomo Bruno , d’Onofrio Alberto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe consider a SIR-like reaction-diffusion epidemic model which embeds opinion-driven human behavioural changes. We assume that the contagion rate is theoretically saturated with respect to the density of the disease prevalence. The model extends the general reaction-diffusion epidemic model proposed in 1993 by Capasso and Di Liddo. We study the nonlinear attractivity of the endemic steady state solution by employing a special Lyapunov function introduced in 2006 by S. Rionero. Sufficient conditions for the conditional nonlinear stability of the endemic equilibrium are derived.
Time-like definition of quaternions in exterior algebra
Authors: Colombaro Ivano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA formal description of quaternions by means of exterior calculus is presented. Considering a three-dimensional space-time characterized by three time-like coordinates, we have been able to consistently recover a suitable formulation of quaternions by means of the properties arising from exterior algebra and calculus. As an application, it is also illustrated how rotations may be written in terms of quaternions, in accordance with definition provided in exterior algebra.