bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic prescription practices among dentists treating children in the UK
Authors: Nazar Shaima , Dave Manas , Barry Siobhan 
Published: June 2023

Introduction There are limited paediatric specific data on antibiotic prescribing practices, which have been cited as one of the causes of general overuse and misuse of antibiotics in young patients. The aim of this study was to investigate prescribing practices among dentists with an interest in paediatric dentistry in the UK. Methods A prospective cross-sectional survey was distributed electronically to members of the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry between February and May 2021. The questions and scenarios were based on antibiotic prescribing guidelines in the UK. Results Two hundred and six dentists completed the survey (45% response rate). Most participants (93%) conformed to guidelines and prescribed amoxicillin as a first-line antibiotic for an odontogenic infection. For patients with a penicillin allergy, 16% of dentists reported clindamycin as their first-choice antibiotic. Seventeen per cent of those surveyed stated that they would prescribe antibiotics for local swelling without any additional factors indicating a persistent or spreading bacterial infection. Further insights into prescribing practices for prophylaxis, paediatric doses and non-clinical factors are described. Conclusions Antibiotics are part of the armamentarium that dentists can use to treat patients. The results of this survey highlight some positive trends as well as some variation in prescribing practice that requires correction and discussion for future research.
Constructing of predictive model for the surgical effect of patients with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Liu Na , Yang Jingyuan , Tan Fang , Zhu Haijian 
Published: June 2023

Objective
To explore effective factors of surgical effect for patients with cleft lip and palate, and to construct the predictive model of surgical effect, which provide reference for improving the effect of cleft lip and palate surgery.

Methods
This study has been ethically reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Guiyang Stomatological Hospital before the study began.A total of 997 cases of cleft lip and palate surgical treatment in Guiyang Stomatological Hospital from 2015 to 2020 were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing the surgical outcome, and a score system was established by assigning values to the influencing factors using the nomogram. Data of 110 patients were verified, and decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the predicted results.

Results
Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of surgeries, surgical methods, breast milk, prenatal examination, nutrition during pregnancy and labor intensity during pregnancy were independent risk factors for poor surgical results (all P<0.05). The predictive model was built by including the number of surgeries, surgical methods, breast milk, prenatal examination, nutrition and labor intensity during pregnancy into the predictive scoring system. The critical value was 273, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.733(95%CI:0.704~0.76), the sensitivity was 89.57%, and the specificity was 48.14%.When the external validation data of 110 patients were brought into the score, the AUC of poor diagnostic value reached 74.5%, P<0.05, which was close to the modeling accuracy of 73.3%.

Conclusion
This study constructed a predictive model of surgical effect for patients with cleft lip and palate, which can be used for the clinical prediction of cleft lip and palate patients in Guizhou Province.
Retinal capillary and choriocapillaris assessment using a beam modifier optical coherence tomography angiography module to increase lateral optical resolution
Authors: Bonnin Sophie , Kubach Sophie , Négrier Pierre , Lewis Warren , de Sisternes Luis , Couturier Aude , Erginay Ali , Nassisi Marco , Magazzeni Stephanie , Lavia Carlo , Tadayoni Ramin 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To assess a new optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) technology and its contribution to retinal vascularization and choriocapillaris (CC) exploration.

Methods
A new module, named “Beam expander” (BE), which increases the lateral resolution of OCTA, was used in combination with a prototype software in the PLEX® Elite 9000 Swept-Source OCT instrument (ZEISS, Dublin, CA). This prospective study involved 22 healthy subjects imaged with and without BE. Qualitative analysis of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary complex (DCC) retinal and CC angiograms were performed. Perfusion density (PD), vessel density (VD), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) measurements were also compared.

Results
Qualitative analysis of single SCP and DCC retinal angiograms acquired with BE showed significantly better vessel sharpness (respectively, p = 0.0002, and p<0.0001), and greater peripheral image quality (p = 0.028 and p = 0.007) compared to standard OCTA images. Mean VD of whole retina single scans was significantly higher for BE angiograms compared to classic angiograms (28.16 ±1.29 mm-1 and 23.36 ±0.92 mm-1, respectively, p<0.0001). Repeatability of VD, PD and FAZ raw size were found to be similar between the two methods (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.671, 0.604 and 0.994 with BE versus 0.764, 0.638 and 0.990 without BE). CC image quality was found to be significantly superior with BE, and flow deficits were more visible in all BE scans compared to standard scans.

Conclusions
An increase in lateral resolution of the OCT beam resulted in higher quality of retinal and choriocapillaris OCTA images in healthy subjects. These results provide significant insights into the future OCTA imaging enhancements.
Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Scalp Block with 0.25% Injection Bupivacaine and 0.25% Injection Levobupivacaine to Blunt the Hemodynamic Response to Skull Pin Insertion during Supratentorial Craniotomies - A Prospective Study
Authors: Veena Arvind Ganeriwal  , Anjali Gupta  , Shrinidhi Kulkarni  , Juilee Ajit Salvi  
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND
Head fixation is necessary to maintain the desired head position. Application of skull pins in neurosurgery leads to hemodynamic changes and this sudden change can be prevented by combining general anaesthesia with scalp block which blocks supraorbital nerve, supratrochlear nerve, zygomaticotemporal nerve, auriculotemporal nerve, lesser occipital nerve and greater occipital nerve which are present in superficial and deep layers of the scalp. Several studies have been done to study the efficacy of Injection levobupivacaine and injection bupivacaine in 0.5 % concentrations for scalp block. However, the comparative efficacy of 0.25% injection levobupivacaine and injection bupivacaine for scalp block has not been determined by any study previously. We wanted to compare the eﬀicacy of 0.25% injection levobupivacaine and 0.25% injection bupivacaine in scalp block on the haemodynamic response to head pinning, incision and during craniotomy.
METHODS
This prospective randomised study included 60 patients of ASA status I or II between age 18–60 years and of either sex who underwent supratentorial craniotomy under general anaesthesia followed by scalp block. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 each and before application of the Mayfield skull pin head holder, scalp block was given as per group distribution (Group A: 20 ml 0.25% injection bupivacaine and Group B: 20 ml of 0.25% injection levobupivacaine). The hemodynamic responses were recorded at baseline, during scalp block and after head pin insertion, incision and at craniotomy. The total analgesic requirement during intraoperative and post operative period was noted.
RESULTS
There were no clinically and statistically significant differences in values of heart rate and blood pressure after head pin insertion, skin incision and craniotomy in both the groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The study revealed that 0.25% injection levobupivacaine when used for scalp block was as efficacious as 0.25% injection bupivacaine. Both the drugs in low concentration of 0.25% were effective in minimizing pressor response to skull pin insertion, incision and craniotomy with less incidence of complication and reduced intraoperative requirement of analgesia.
The Impact of Al-Albānī’s Revolutionary Approach to Hadith on Islamic Militancy in Indonesia
Authors: Musyafiq Ahmad 
Published: June 2023

The rise of Islamic militancy among Indonesian Salafis closely relates to their literal understanding of the hadith as the resource of their religious doctrines, with Muḥammad Nāṣiruddīn al-Albānī (1914-1999) as the most referenced figure. This article analyses how the thought of al-Albānī on hadith impacted Islamic militancy development in Indonesia. The writer argues that al-Albānī’s pupils support the rapid spread of his thinking on the hadith with their book publishers, organisations, and Salafi pesantrens. Meanwhile, the impact of al-Albānī’s thoughts on the Salafi movement in Indonesia appears in three notions: the domination of the textual understanding of the hadiths, the growth of al-Lā Madhhabiyyah (not relying on any classical madhab of fiqh), and the taṣfiyah and tarbiyah program. According to al-Albānī, the program of taṣfiyah and tarbiyah is the only way to build an Islamic society, which is a condition for the establishment of the Islamic Sharia and the Islamic State (Daulah Islāmiyyah).[Munculnya gerakan Islam militan di Indonesia tidak bisa dilepaskan dari model pemahaman hadis yang literal dengan tokoh rujukan Muḥammad Nāṣiruddīn al-Albānī (1914-1999). Artikel ini menganalisis pemikiran al-Albānī tentang hadis, yang berdampak pada militansi Islam di Indonesia. Temuan dari tulisan ini adalah: 1) massifnya penyebaran pemikiran al-Albānī didukung oleh para murid al-Albānī yang mengembangkan penerbit buku, ormas, dan pesantren salafi; 2) dampak pemikiran al-Albānī terhadap pemikiran Salafi di Indonesia dapat dilihat pada tiga hal: dominasi pemahaman tekstual; tumbuhnya gerakan al-Lā Madhhabiyyah (paham untuk tidak bertumpu pada mazhab fikih klasik tertentu); dan program taṣfiyah dan tarbiyah. Menurut al-Albānī, tanpa taṣfiyah dan tarbiyah, tidak mungkin bisa terbangun masyarakat Islami yang menjadi syarat bagi tegaknya syariat Islam dan berdirinya negara Islam].
Negro sobre Blanco. En defensa de las Cinco Vías tomistas
Authors: Fernández Gel Enric 
Published: June 2023

Resumen: Analizo y critico las principales objeciones que Carlos Blanco plantea, en Las fronteras del pensamiento, contra las 5 vías de Tomás de Aquino. Mi objetivo es mostrar que dichas objeciones fallan, lo cual nos va a permitir traer, a la literatura en español, ciertas discusiones del mundo filosófico anglosajón.
Palabras clave: 5 vías, Tomás de Aquino, Tomismo, Existencia de Dios, Filosofía de la religión
Abstract: I analyze and critique Carlos Blanco’s main objections against Aquinas’s 5 ways, to be found in his latest book, Las fronteras del pensamiento. My aim is to show how these objections miss the mark. This will allow us to bring into the Spanish literature some discussions that have taken place in the English-speaking world.
Kewyords: 5 ways, Thomas Aquinas, Thomism, God’s existence, Philosophy of religion
Barriers to adequate nutrition in pregnant adolescent Colombian females
Authors: Sherer Erin L. , Bello Trujillo Ana Maria 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pregnant adolescent females face nutritional challenges. The nutritional demands of a growing fetus, when added to the requirements for growing adolescent bodies, are risk factors for undernutrition. An adolescent expectant mother’s nutritional status therefore affects both the mother’s and the child’s future growth, development, and potential development of diseases later in life. In Colombia, the rate of female adolescent pregnancies is higher than neighboring countries and the global average. The most recent data suggest that approximately 21 % of all pregnant adolescent females in Colombia are underweight, 27 % suffer from anemia, 20 % suffer from vitamin D deficiency, and 19 % suffer from vitamin B12 deficiency. Contributing factors to these nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy may be the region in which the female lives, the female’s ethnicity, and the female’s socioeconomic and educational status. In rural parts of Colombia, limitations regarding access to prenatal care and food choices that include animal source proteins may also contribute to nutritional deficiencies. To help remedy this, recommendations include encouraging nutrient dense food sources with higher protein content, eating one additional meal per day, and taking a prenatal vitamin throughout the pregnancy. Making healthy eating choices can be difficult for adolescent females with limited resources and education; therefore, it is recommended that discussions about nutrition begin at the first prenatal visit for optimum benefits. These factors should be considered for the development of future health policies and interventions in Colombia and other low-income and middle-income countries where pregnant adolescent females may be experiencing similar nutritional deficiencies.
Synthesis, aging and antimicrobial tests of (di)acrylate composites
Authors: Młynarczyk Karolina , Jaszek Magdalena , Osińska-Jaroszuk Monika , Podkościelna Beata 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The synthesis and characteristics of composites based on bisphenol A diacrylate with the addition of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, or methyl methacrylate were carried out. Benzethonium chloride and zinc oxide were used as special additives in amounts of 1, 2, and 5 % by weight of monomers. These are compounds that exhibit antimicrobial properties. The composites were produced by the UV polymerization method with the addition of Irgacure 651 as a photoinitiator. Aging and swelling tests were carried out in water, solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, and acetone. To confirm the changes in the structure of the composites, ATR/FT-IR spectra were performed before and after the degradation process. The hardness of the composites was also tested. The antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans were checked. The conducted study also showed the significant changes in the Cerrena unicolor fungus secretome caused by the presence of the composites.
Gebrauchsanleitung für die Pandemie – Staatliche Krisenkommunikation zwischen Aufklärung und Verhaltenssteuerung
Authors: Schrödter Mark , Thalheim Vinzenz 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Im Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie staatliche Risikokommunikation in der Corona-Pandemie vollzogen wurde. Da die Bundeszentrale für Gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) als Bundesoberbehörde im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Gesundheit damit beauftragt ist, im Pandemiefall die Öffentlichkeit aufzuklären, wird exemplarisch ein Text aus den Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) ihrer Homepage mit der Methode der Objektiven Hermeneutik interpretiert. Vor dem Hintergrund historischer Modelle von Frage-Antwort-Katalogen, dem Katechismus und der quaestio disputata, wird ein reduziertes Aufklärungsverständnis der BZgA rekonstruiert, dass sich auf die Vermittlung von Verhaltensanleitungen fokussiert und weniger darauf, Bürger:innen zu risikomündigem Handeln zu befähigen.
„Viele Leute stehen der Mathematik im Kindergarten kritisch gegenüber…“
Authors: Leonhard Melanie , Leonhard Tobias 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Im Beitrag wird unter einer adressierungsanalytischen Perspektive untersucht, wie Studierende in Lehrveranstaltungen zur Mathematik der Schuleingangsstufe in den situativen Wissensordnungen positioniert werden und welche Selbstverhältnisse als Fachlehrpersonen ihnen darin nahegelegt werden. Für die Rekonstruktion spezifisch fachbezogener Perspektiven wird die bisher vorliegende Methodologie der Adressierungsanalyse modifiziert und stärker methodisiert. Das Datenmaterial besteht aus zwei Transkripten aus Lehrveranstaltungen, in denen Studierende sich mit Fragen grundlegender mathematischer Bildung befassen. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass in den unterschiedlichen Adressierungsmodi der Studierenden und der Sache sowohl gemeinsame als auch differente Momente der Einflussnahme auf die Studierenden identifiziert werden können. Ein zentraler Befund besteht in der transmissiven Perspektivierung des Studiums, die den Erwerb des fachlichen Wissens bei den Studierenden bereits eng mit dem fachlichen Lernerfolg des späteren Adressiertenkreises der Schülerinnen und Schüler verknüpft.
Eine Bordkarte, die den ganzen Lebensweg bereichert
Authors: Stichweh Christian , Wernet Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Auf der Grundlage der Unterscheidung wert- und zweckrationaler Motive untersuchen wir in diesem Beitrag exemplarisch die Logik der medialen Affirmation des Internationalismus am Beispiel eines 2022 publizierten Beitrags der Süddeutschen Zeitung zum Schüleraustausch. Ein zentraler Aspekt der Fallrekonstruktion verweist auf die legitimatorische Funktion des (wertrationalen) Bildungsmotivs. Die strategisch-zweckrationalen Motive, denen der Schüleraustausch eigentlich dienen soll, werden durch die wertrationalen verdeckt. Darüber hinaus stoßen wir bei dem Versuch der medialen Würdigung des Auslandsaufenthalts auf ein überraschendes Motiv der latenten Herabwürdigung. Wir vermuten, dass sich darin eine ungewollt verächtliche Haltung gegenüber der kleinbürgerlichen Nachahmung der Praktiken der Oberschicht zum Ausdruck bringt.
MASTOCITOMA CUTÂNEO CANINO APÓS MASTOCITOSE ACIDENTAL INDUZIDA POR OPIOIDE: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: CALHEIROS L. G. R. M. , NUNES A. C. B. T. , CARNAÚBA R. T. M. S. , OLIVEIRA K. P. , CALHEIROS A. S. , CALDAS JÚNIOR N. M. 
Published: June 2023

A aproximação entre pets e tutores está cada vez mais presente na rotina atual das residências familiares. Essa aproximação aumenta a observação de quaisquer alterações físicas ou comportamentais dos animais levando-o a buscar um médico veterinário quando necessário. O papel do clínico, oncologista e do patologista veterinário vem a ser de extrema importância para detecção das neoplasias em suas fases iniciais. A utilização dos meios de diagnósticos complementares para os casos de neoplasias é de fundamental importância para ter ciência do prognóstico do animal e de qual tratamento será o melhor tratamento para os casos abordados. O mastocitoma é a neoplasia cutânea mais frequente do cão, é uma neoplasia maligna e sua etiologia é pouco compreendida. Independente do sexo, atingem machos e fêmeas, porém se apresentam de forma mais agressiva em machos. O diagnóstico, geralmente é estabelecido por meio de exames complementares, associados aos sinais clínicos, devendo sempre prezar pelo diagnóstico precoce para que haja maior êxito no tratamento. O exame citológico para o diagnóstico de mastocitoma é um dos métodos mais eficientes e de baixo custo, sendo complementado pelo exame histopatológico para a graduação de malignidade e estadiamento da doença. Preconiza-se a associação da cirurgia com o tratamento quimioterápico com terapia antiblástica e eletroquimioterapia para um melhor prognóstico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de mastocitoma cutâneo após um erro primário de manejo clinico, em um canino, macho, nove anos, da raça American Pitbull Terrier, trazendo sua complexidade e bases dos meios de diagnóstico.
Muscle strength: development of predictive equation for handgrip strength in older adults on the primary health care
Authors: Sena Pereira Maria Luiza Amorim , Caceres Marília Conceição de Souza , Queiroz Pereira Marlus Henrique , Oliveira Carolina Cunha de , Andrade Teles Bruno Klécius , Araújo de Oliveira Elizabete Regina 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Monitoring the functional capacity of older adults is fundamental, and Handgrip Strength (HGS) is a consolidated marker of functional status in this age group. This study aimed to develop equations for predicting HGS in community-dwelling older adults in Primary Health Care (PHC). Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 316 older adults, in which a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was performed for the right hand (R-HGS) and left hand (L-HGS). The variables sex, age, weight, knee height (KH), arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and calf circumference (CC) were considered predictors because they were easily obtained in PHC and significantly related to HGS. Results: In the final models, the variables sex, age, and KH together explained more than 50 % of the HGS variation. There was agreement between the estimated and measured HGS measurements, both for right and left side. Conclusions: It is concluded that the variability of HGS can be explained by age, sex, and KH, which are parameters simple and routinely used to evaluate older adults.
Analysis of Mathematical Reasoning Ability Reviewed Based on The Level of Mathematical Anxiety
Authors: Latip Abdul , Turmudi Turmudi , Yulianti Kartika 
Published: June 2023

Kemampuan penalaran matematika merupakan kemampuan dasar yang harus dimiliki oleh siswa. Oleh karenanya guru sebagai pendidik, harus dapat meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematika selama proses pembelajaran sekaligus mengurangi hambatan siswa dalam belajar matematika. Namun demikian kenyataanya ada hambatan kecemasan yang dialami oleh siswa yang tidak diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kemampuan penalaran matematika siswa ditinjau berdasarkan tingkat kecemasan matematika. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian berjumlah 6 orang siswa yang dipilih dari tiap kategori kecemasan matematika. Instrumen pendukung dalam penelitian ini meliputi: 1) Angket Kecemasan Matematika; 2) Tes Kemampuan Penalaran matematika; 3) Pedoman Wawancara. Dari hasil analisis diketahui bahwa siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematika rendah yaitu S1 dan S2 dapat memenuhi 3 dari 4 indikator penalaran matematika; siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematika sedang yaitu S6 mampu memenuhi 1 dari 4 indikaor penalaran matematika dan S16 tidak mampu memenuhi semua indikator penalaran matematika; siswa dengan tingkat kecemasan matematika tinggi yaitu S11dan S20 tidak mampu memenuhi semua indikator penalaran matematika. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dan pertimbangan bagi peneliti lain dan guru dalam memilih strategi pembelajaran sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematika sekaligus mengurangi tingkat kecemasan siswa. Mathematical reasoning ability is a basic ability that must be possessed by students. Teachers as educators must be able to improve to learning mathematics. However, in reality there are anxiety barriers experienced by students who are not known. The purpose of this study was to analyze and describe students' mathematical reasoning abilities in terms of their level of math anxiety. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive method. Supporting instruments in this study include: 1) Mathematical Anxiety Questionnaire; 2) Mathematical Reasoning Ability Test; 3) Interview Guidelines. The Result known that students with low levels of math anxiety, namely S1 and S2, can fulfill 3 of the 4 indicators of mathematical reasoning; students with a moderate level of math anxiety, namely S6 were able to fulfill 1 of 4 indicators of mathematical reasoning and S16 were not able to fulfill all indicators of mathematical reasoning; students with high levels of math anxiety, namely S11 and S20, were unable to fulfill all indicators of mathematical reasoning. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for other researchers and teachers in choosing learning strategies so that they can improve mathematical reasoning abilities while reducing students' anxiety levels.