bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Operative Management of Stress-Positive Minimally Displaced Lateral Compression Type 1 (LC1) Pelvic Ring Injuries: Analysis of Outcomes Before and After Implementation of a Departmental Stress Protocol
Authors: Tucker Nicholas J. , Scott Bryan L. , Heare Austin , Stacey Stephen C. , Mauffrey Cyril , Parry Joshua A. 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
To compare the hospital course of patients with minimally displaced (<1 cm) lateral compression type 1 injuries treated before and after implementation of lateral stress radiographs (LSRs) to determine management.

Design:
Retrospective comparative cohort.

Setting:
Urban level 1 trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
Isolated lateral compression type 1 injuries managed before (n = 33) and after implementation of LSRs (n = 40) to determine management.

Intervention:
Patients in a prestress cohort managed nonoperatively versus patients in an LSR cohort managed operatively if stress positive (≥1 cm displacement on LSRs).

Main Outcome Measurements:
Physical therapy clearance before discharge, discharge location, hospital length of stay, and inpatient opioid morphine milligram equivalents were measured.

Results:
The prestress and LSR protocol groups were similar in demographic/injury characteristics (age, sex, mechanism, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, Nakatani classification, bilateral/unilateral injury, Denis zone, sacral fracture completeness, and sacral comminution). Forty-five percent of LSR protocol patients were stress-positive (n = 18) and managed operatively. The LSR protocol group was more likely to clear physical therapy by discharge (97.5% vs. 75.8%, PD: 21.7%, 95% CI: 5.1%–36.8%, P = 0.009), less likely to discharge to a rehabilitation facility (2.5% vs. 18.2%, PD: −15.7%, CI: −30.0% to −0.5%, P = 0.04), and had no difference in length of stay (MD: 0.0, CI:-1.0 to 1.0, P = 0.57) or inpatient opioid morphine milligram equivalents (MD: 9.0, CI: −60.0 to 101.0, P = 0.71).

Conclusion:
Implementation of an LSR protocol to determine management of minimally displaced stress-positive lateral compression type 1 injuries was associated with increased rates of operative management, physical therapy clearance by discharge, and a reduction in the number of patients discharging to rehabilitation facilities.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Role of hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis in acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zeng Siyao , Ma Lei , Yang Lishan , Hu Xiaodong , Wang Cheng , Gou Yi , Li Yi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning is a common severe emergency in developing countries. Our meta-analysis aimed to clarify the efficacy of hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis on acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.

Methods
Several databases were searched. After formulating relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria, qualified studies were included, and the data were extracted. The outcome indicators were the success rate of rescue, the time of hospitalization, the incidence of complications, the time for the cholinesterase level to return to normal, the coma time, and the atropine dosage. The results were analyzed using risk ratios, weighted mean difference, standard mean difference, and 95% confidence interval. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias in all the included studies. In terms of statistical methods, we used RevMan software (version 5.3; The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) and Stata (versions 14 and 16; StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) for the data analysis.

Results
We included 92 randomized controlled trials with 6899 participants. Compared with the conventional emergency treatment group (CET group), the hemoperfusion group (HP + CET group), and the hemodialysis group (HD + CET group), the use of hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis based on CET (HP + HD + CET group) significantly increased the success rate of rescue and reduced hospitalization time, the incidence of complications, time for cholinesterase level to return to normal, coma time, and atropine dosage.

Conclusion
Hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis is effective in the treatment of acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. In the future, more scientifically designed, large-scale, high-quality, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to validate this study further.
Use of proton pump inhibitors for the risk of gastric cancer
Authors: Gao Huiqin , Li Lunan , Geng Ke , Teng Changzheng , Chen Yuanyuan , Chu Fei , Zhao Yi 
Published: January 2023

Background:
This study aimed to systematically analyze the association between long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk of gastric cancer (GC).

Methods:
We performed a systematic search of articles on the relationship between long-term use of PPIs and the risk of GC from PubMed and EMBASE. We calculated the pooled odds ratio of GC in PPI users compared to non-PPI users using random-effects models.

Results:
This meta-analysis included 18 studies from 20 different databases with 4348,905 patients enrolled. In the random effects model, we found that an increased risk of GC among PPI users (OR = 1.94; 95% CI [1.43, 2.64]). The long-term use of PPIs compared with histamine-2 receptor antagonist users did not increase the risk of GC (OR = 1.65; 95% CI [0.92, 2.97]). Stratified analysis showed that PPI users had a significantly increased risk of noncardia GC (OR = 2.53; 95% CI [2.03, 3.15]), but had a relatively small relationship with the risk of gastric cardia cancer. (OR = 1.79; 95% CI [1.06, 3.03]). With the extension of PPI use time, the estimated risk value decreases (<1 year: OR = 6.33, 95% CI [3.76, 10.65]; 1–3 years: OR = 1.82, 95% CI [1.30, 2.55]; >3 years: OR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.00, 1.56]). Despite Helicobacter pylori eradication, the long-term use of PPIs did not alter the increased risk of GC (OR = 2.29; 95% CI [1.57, 3.33]).

Conclusion:
Our meta-analysis found that PPI use may be associated with an increased risk of GC. Further research on the causal relationship between these factors is necessary.
Ortner syndrome caused by aberrant right subclavian artery: A case report
Authors: Chen Yen-Wen , Chang Shih-Lun , Wu Nan-Chun , Shih Yun-Ju 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Ortner syndrome (cardiovocal hoarseness) is characterized by recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis secondary to a cardiovascular abnormality. Ortner syndrome caused by an aberrant right subclavian artery following a retroesophageal course without aneurysm formation is rare, with only 1 case reported in the literature. Cardiovascular abnormalities could be life-threatening and require early diagnosis and treatment. However, such abnormalities are not often considered by clinical practitioners when patients initially present with hoarseness.

Patient concerns:
A 34-year-old woman without any medical history presented to our outpatient department with hoarseness and mild dysphagia for 1 month.

Diagnosis:
Upon stroboscopic examination, left vocal cord incomplete paralysis was noted. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery arising from the left aortic arch, causing focal compression of the esophagus and, potentially, compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve compression. The patient was diagnosed as left recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis caused by an aberrant right subclavian artery following a retroesophageal course without aneurysm formation.

Interventions:
The patient was referred to a cardiovascular surgeon for resection and bypass surgery. Both the dysphagia and the hoarseness improved after the surgery.

Outcomes:
Significant improvement of the left vocal cord paralysis and no vocal cord adduction were seen upon stroboscopic examination after 3 months. During the 5-year follow-up period, the patient remained well, and no signs of recurrence were noted.

Conclusion:
This case can increase otolaryngologists’ awareness of this etiology of hoarseness and consider it in their differential diagnosis.
Development and Implementation of a New Model of Care for Patients With Stroke, Acute Hospital Rehabilitation Intensive SErvices
Authors: Langton-Frost Nicole , Orient Stephanie , Adeyemo Jessica , Bahouth Mona N. , Daley Kelly , Ye Bingqing , Lavezza Annette , Pruski April 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The optimal timing and intensity of early rehabilitation remain uncertain. The literature has stated that too early high-intensity mobility within 24 hours can result in poor outcomes as compared with the 24- to 48-hour poststroke (Stroke 2012;43:2389–94. Stroke 2004;35:1005–9). However, few studies have shown that mobilizing patients a few times per day can have positive results (Stroke 2004;35:1005–9. Cerebrovasc Dis 2010;29:352–60). In addition to mobility impairments, many patients after stroke have dysphagia, aphasia, and cognitive-linguistic deficits. To date, there is limited literature on early rehabilitation in these areas. Here, we describe a program of enhanced rehabilitation in the acute care hospital. In this enhanced model of care, our team delivers up to six sessions of therapy per day focused on the patient’s deficits. A patient can receive up to two sessions of each discipline daily to include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech language pathology. The model emphasizes team collaboration between therapy disciplines, physiatry, nursing, and neurology accomplished through a daily therapy schedule, rehabilitation huddle, and direct communication before and after therapy sessions. With this model, we aim to enhance coordination of care resulting in improved patient satisfaction and, ultimately, recovery.
A Unified Model for Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation
Authors: Raghavan Preeti 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The current model of stroke care delivery in the United States and in many parts of the world is fragmented, resulting in lack of continuity of care, inability to track recovery meaningfully across the continuum, and lack of access to the frequency, intensity, and duration of high-quality rehabilitation necessary to optimally harness recovery processes. The process of recovery itself has been overshadowed by a focus on length of stay and the movement of patients across levels of care. Here, we describe the rationale behind the recent efforts at the Johns Hopkins Sheikh Khalifa Stroke Institute to define and coordinate an intensive, strategic effort to develop effective stroke systems of care across the continuum through the development of a unified Sheikh Khalifa Stroke Institute model of recovery and rehabilitation.
The Smoldering Pandemic: Self-Reported Prevalence Assessment of Prolonged Grief Disorder. A cross sectional study of bereaving adults during the Covid Pandemic in Pakistan
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha , Ahmad Shaaf , Nawaz Iqra , Zeeshan Muhammad , Rao Amina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe Covid-19 pandemic brought forward unprecedented psycho-social challenges for the world. The devastating loss of human lives created a burden of grief throughout the world. The bereaved were put at a greater risk of grief complications with high death tolls, strict social isolation guidelines and a halt to communal funeral practices. Prolonged Grief Disorder is a young psychiatric condition which refers to an abnormal grief reaction that exceeds the normal cultural, social and religious norms. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD), as mentioned in ICD-11 in Pakistan, along with its correlation to anxiety, depression and psychological distress. Severity of grief reactions were compared with the place of death and relationship with the deceased.MethodsA cross sectional online survey was conducted during the month of October 2021. Sample size was calculated using OpenEpi and data was collected through non probability sampling. The questionnaire was validated and shared through multiple social forums. A total of 737 participants residing in Lahore Pakistan, who had lost a close one due to Covid-19 participated in the study. Demographics, loss related information, and self-reported symptoms measured by 13-item Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-4 and Kessler-6 scales were obtained.ResultsThe prevalence of Prolonged Grief Disorder was found to be 15.4%. There was a significant correlation of grief intensity with depression and anxiety.Prolonged Grief Disorder puts individuals at greater risk of suffering from serious mental illnesses. People who were closely related to the deceased were more likely to experience severe Prolonged Grief Disorder symptoms.ConclusionEarly detection and treatment of high risk individuals is necessary to mitigate the burden of grief and associated risk of anxiety and depression. Overall we conclude that discussions pertaining to grief and measures to curb the psychological effects are crucial in the post-pandemic world.
Molecular Mechanocytometry Using Tension-activated Cell Tagging (TaCT)
Authors: Ma Rong , Velusamy Arventh , Rashid Sk Aysha , Deal Brendan R. , Chen Wenchun , Petrich Brian , Li Renhao , Salaita Khalid 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFlow cytometry is routinely used to measure single-cell gene expression by staining cells with fluorescent antibodies and nucleic acids. Here we present Tension-activated Cell Tagging (TaCT) to fluorescently label cells based on the magnitude of molecular force transmitted through cell adhesion receptors. As a proof-of-concept, we analyzed fibroblasts and mouse platelets after TaCT using conventional flow cytometry.
Safety and Efficacy of Oral administrated Cepharanthine in Non-hospitalized, asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Wei Jianyi , Pan Shuming , Liu Shupeng , Qian Biyun , Shen Zixuan , Zhang Yan , Bian Yuexiang , ABuduaini ADila , Dong Fuchen , Zhang Xin , Li Jinhui , Yu Yongpei , Zhang Weituo , Wang Jun , Zhai Wei , Song Qixiang , Zheng Yu , Li Lei , Pan Weihua , Yu Lanlan , Zhan Qimin , Zhang Ning , Zheng Junhua , Yao Chen , Li Hai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCepharanthine (CEP) is a natural remedy that potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 activity both in vitro and in vivo. We conducted a proof-of-concept, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial among adults with asymptomatic or mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients were stratified randomly to de novo infection or viral rebound, and assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive 60 mg/day or 120 mg/day of CEP or placebo. Primary outcome the time from randomization to negative nasopharyngeal swab, and safety were evaluated. A total of 262 de novo infected and 124 viral rebound patients underwent randomization. In the 188 de novo patients included in modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population, when compared with placebo, 60 mg/day CEP slightly shortened the time to negative (difference=-0.77 days, hazard ratio (HR)=1.40, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.01, p=0.072), and 120 mg/day CEP did not show the trend. Among de novo patients in the per-protocol set (PPS), 60 mg/day CEP significantly shortened the time to negative (difference=-0.87 days, HR=1.56, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.37, p=0.035). Among viral rebound patients in the mITT population, neither 120 mg/day nor 60 mg/day CEP significantly shortened the time to negative compared to placebo. Adverse events were not different among the three groups, and no serious adverse events occurred. Treatment of asymptomatic or mild Covid-19 with 120 mg/day or 60 mg/day CEP did not shorten the time to negative compared with placebo, without evident safety concerns. Among de novo infected patients with good compliance, 60 mg/day CEP significantly shortened the time to negative compared with placebo (NCT05398705).
Bottlenose dolphins’ broadband clicks are structured for communication
Authors: Stepanov Arthur , Zhivomirov Hristo , Nedelchev Ivaylo , Stateva Penka 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBottlenose dolphins’ broadband click vocalizations are well studied in the literature with respect to their echolocation function. Their use for communication among conspecifics has long been speculated, but not conclusively established so far. In this study we categorize dolphins’ click productions into types on the basis of their amplitude contour and analyze the distribution of individual clicks and click sequences against their duration and length. We demonstrate that the repertoire and composition of clicks and click sequences follow three key linguistic laws of efficient communication, namely, Zipf’s rank-frequency law, the law of brevity and Menzerath-Altmann law. Conforming to the rank-frequency law suggests that clicks may form a linguistic code that is subject to selective pressures for unification, on the one hand, and diversification, on the other. Conforming to the other two laws also implies that dolphins use clicks in accord with the compression criterion, or minimization of code length without loss of information. Our results furnish novel evidence for conformity to the linguistic laws in this type of dolphins’ signal and in the realm of animal vocalizations more generally.
Insulin determines the effects of TGF-β on HNF4α transcription and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocytes
Authors: Feng Rilu , Tong Chenhao , Lin Tao , Liu Hui , Shao Chen , Li Yujia , Sticht Carsten , Kan Kejia , Li Xiaofeng , Liu Rui , Wang Sai , Wang Shanshan , Munker Stefan , Niess Hanno , Meyer Christoph , Liebe Roman , Ebert Matthias P , Dooley Steven , Wang Hua , Ding Huiguo , Weng Hong-Lei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo date, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been observed in cultured hepatocytes, but notin vivo. TGF-β is supposed to initiate EMT in hepatocytes by inhibiting HNF4αthrough the SMAD2/3 complex. We report that TGF-βdoes not directly inhibit HNF4α, but contributes to its transcriptional regulation by SMAD2/3 recruiting acetyltransferase CBP/p300 to the HNF4αpromoter. The recruitment of CBP/p300 is indispensable for C/EBPabinding, another essential requirement for constitutive HNF4αexpression in hepatocytes. In contrast to the observed induction of HNF4α, SMAD2/3 inhibits C/EBPαtranscription. Therefore, long-term TGF-βincubation results in C/EBPαdepletion, which abrogates HNF4αexpression. Intriguingly, SMAD2/3 inhibitory binding to the C/EBPαpromoter is abolished by insulin. Thus, maintaining a high insulin concentration in culture medium ensures constitutive HNF4αand thereby prevents TGF-β-induced hepatocyte EMT. Furthermore, insulin inhibits TGF-β-induced SMAD2/3 binding to the promoters of core EMT transcription factors e.g., SNAI1. SNAI1 transcription requires both SMAD2/3 and FOXO1 in nuclei. Insulin inhibits SNAI1 transcription through impeding SMAD2/3 binding to its promoter and inducing FOXO1 phosphorylation. Hence, insulin is the key factor that prevents TGF-β-induced EMT in hepatocytes.
What housing characteristics support seniors? Seniors’ experiences of housing and home in New Zealand during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: James B.L. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to explore what can be learned from the COVID-19 pandemic about adaptable, functional housing design that supports seniors’ resilience. This paper considers how physical and design features enable seniors to stay safe, develop coping strategies, give and receive care and maintain social connections.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research strategy incorporating thematic analysis was used, involving interviews and one focus group with seniors and interviews with housing providers and community organisations supporting seniors. Forty-eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with 54 seniors aged over 60 years living independently, not in aged care. Interviewees were selected to cover a range of ages and housing circumstances. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with 20 organisations.

Findings
The physical, amenity and design aspects of the living environment that support seniors’ well-being and resilience during a pandemic are: the ability to receive essential goods and services in the home; sufficient space and storage; flexible and adaptable living spaces; access to private indoor and outdoor space; ability to garden and grow food; having an outlook or view; functional heating, ventilation and appliances; and dwelling location allowing access to green spaces, food stores and services. The ability of housing to facilitate social connections is a fundamental enabler of seniors’ resilience.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to knowledge about physical and design aspects of the dwelling that enable protection and care in a pandemic and how that can help to future-proof housing. Its focus on enabling seniors’ resilience through housing recognises the growing significance of structural population ageing for housing design and delivery and the central role of housing to ageing-in-place policies that underpin health and welfare provision.
Accept or reject a ride? This is the problem
Authors: Fatemi Pour Elaheh , Madnanizdeh Seyed Ali , Joshaghani Hosein 
Published: January 2023

PurposeOnline ride-hailing platforms match drivers with passengers by receiving ride requests from passengers and forwarding them to the nearest driver. In this context, the low acceptance rate of offers by drivers leads to friction in the process of driver and passenger matching. What policies by the platform may increase the acceptance rate and by how much? What factors influence drivers' decisions to accept or reject offers and how much? Are drivers more likely to turn down a ride offer because they know that by rejecting it, they can quickly receive another offer, or do they reject offers due to the availability of outside options? This paper aims to answer such questions using a novel dataset from Tapsi, a ride-hailing platform located in Iran.Design/methodology/approachThe authors specify a structural discrete dynamic programming model to evaluate how drivers decide whether to accept or reject a ride offer. Using this model, the authors quantitatively measure the effect of different policies that increase the acceptance rate. In this model, drivers compare the value of each ride offer with the value of outside options and the value of waiting for better offers before making a decision. The authors use the simulated method of moments (SMM) method to match the dynamic model with the data from Tapsi and estimate the model's parameters.FindingsThe authors find that the low driver acceptance rate is mainly due to the availability of a variety of outside options. Therefore, even hiding information from or imposing fines on drivers who reject ride offers cannot motivate drivers to accept more offers and does not affect drivers' welfare by a large amount. The results show that by hiding the information, the average acceptance rate increases by about 1.81 percentage point; while, it is 4.5 percentage points if there were no outside options. Moreover, results show that the imposition of a 10-min delay penalty increases acceptance rate by only 0.07 percentage points.Originality/valueTo answer the questions of the paper, the authors use a novel and new dataset from a ride-hailing company, Tapsi, located in a Middle East country, Iran and specify a structural discrete dynamic programming model to evaluate how drivers decide whether to accept or reject a ride offer. Using this model, the authors quantitatively measure the effect of different policies that could potentially increase the acceptance rate.