bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water decontamination via nonradical process by nanoconfined Fenton-like catalysts
Authors: Liu Tongcai , Xiao Shaoze , Li Nan , Chen Jiabin , Zhou Xuefei , Qian Yajie , Huang Ching-Hua , Zhang Yalei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere is an urgent need to develop effective and sustainable solutions to reduce water pollution. Heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts are frequently used to eliminate contaminants from water. However, the applicability of these catalysts is limited due to low availability of the reactive species (RS). Herein, nanoconfinement strategy was applied to encapsulate short-lived RS at nanoscale to boost the utilization efficiency of the RS in Fenton-like reactions. The nanoconfined catalyst was fabricated by assembling Co3O4 nanoparticles in carbon nanotube nanochannels to achieve exceptional reaction rate and excellent selectivity. Experiments collectively suggested that the degradation of contaminants was attributed to singlet oxygen (1O2). Density functional theory calculations demonstrated the nanoconfined space contributes to quantum mutation and alters the transition state to lower activation energy barriers. Simulation results revealed that the enrichment of contaminant on the catalyst reduced the migration distance and enhanced the utilization of 1O2. The synergy between the shell layer and core-shell structure further improved the selectivity of 1O2 towards contaminant oxidation in real waters. The nanoconfined catalyst is expected to provide a viable strategy for water pollution control.
Transcriptomic profiling of induced steatosis in human and mouse precision-cut liver slices
Authors: Simon Eric , Motyka Maciej , Prins Grietje H. , Li Mei , Rust Werner , Kauschke Stefan , Viollet Coralie , Olinga Peter , Oldenburger Anouk 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere is a high need for predictive human ex vivo models for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). About a decade ago, precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs) have been established as an ex vivo assay for humans and other organisms. In the present study, we use transcriptomics by RNASeq to profile a new human and mouse PCLSs based assay for steatosis in NAFLD. Steatosis as quantified by an increase of triglycerides after 48 h in culture, is induced by incremental supplementation of sugars (glucose and fructose), insulin, and fatty acids (palmitate, oleate). We mirrored the experimental design for human vs. mouse liver organ derived PCLSs and profiled each organ at eight different nutrient conditions after 24 h and 48 h time in culture. Thus, the provided data allows a comprehensive analysis of the donor, species, time, and nutrient factor specific regulation of gene expression in steatosis, despite the heterogeneity of the human tissue samples. Exemplified this is demonstrated by ranking homologous gene pairs by convergent or divergent expression pattern across nutrient conditions.
Influence of face masks on the subjective impairment at different physical workloads
Authors: van Kampen Vera , Marek Eike-Maximillian , Sucker Kirsten , Jettkant Birger , Kendzia Benjamin , Strauß Bianca , Ulbrich Melanie , Deckert Anja , Berresheim Hans , Eisenhawer Christian , Hoffmeyer Frank , Weidhaas Simon , Behrens Thomas , Brüning Thomas , Bünger Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo quantify the subjective and cognitive impairment caused by wearing face masks at work, 20 men and 20 women (median age 47 years, range 19–65) were tested under different ergometer workloads while wearing surgical mask, community mask, FFP2 respirator or no mask in a randomized and partially double-blinded design. Masks were worn also at the workplace for four hours. Subjective impairment was recorded by questionnaires. Cognitive performance was tested before and after the workplace examination. Subjective feeling of heat, humidity, and difficult breathing increased with rising physical exertion and wearing time for all three mask types, most notably for FFP2. Even when blinded, participants with FFP2 reported difficult breathing already at rest. During physical exertion, individuals with low tolerance to discomfort reported significantly stronger impairment (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.27). Regarding light work, older subjects (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.98) and women (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.72–0.99) showed significantly lower and atopic subjects stronger impairment (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.06–1.27). No significant influence of mask wearing was detected on cognitive performance. Wearing a mask had no effect on cognitive performance, but led to discomfort which increased with physical exertion and wearing time. Individuals who tolerate discomfort poorly felt more impaired by wearing a mask during physical exertion.
Novel start codons introduce novel coding sequences in the human genomes
Authors: Zhang He , Xie Yang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStart-gain mutations can introduce novel start codons and generate novel coding sequences that may affect the function of genes. In this study, we systematically investigated the novel start codons that were either polymorphic or fixed in the human genomes. 829 polymorphic start-gain SNVs were identified in the human populations, and the novel start codons introduced by these SNVs have significantly higher activity in translation initiation. Some of these start-gain SNVs were reported to be associated with phenotypes and diseases in previous studies. By comparative genomic analysis, we found 26 human-specific start codons that were fixed after the divergence between the human and chimpanzee, and high-level translation initiation activity was observed on them. The negative selection signal was detected in the novel coding sequences introduced by these human-specific start codons, indicating the important function of these novel coding sequences.
Mapping scientists’ career trajectories in the survey of doctorate recipients using three statistical methods
Authors: Edwards Kathryn Anne , Acheson-Field Hannah , Rennane Stephanie , Zaber Melanie A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates to what extent there is a ‘traditional’ career among individuals with a Ph.D. in a science, technology, engineering, or math (STEM) discipline. We use longitudinal data that follows the first 7–9 years of post-conferral employment among scientists who attained their degree in the U.S. between 2000 and 2008. We use three methods to identify a traditional career. The first two emphasize those most commonly observed, with two notions of commonality; the third compares the observed careers with archetypes defined by the academic pipeline. Our analysis includes the use of machine-learning methods to find patterns in careers; this paper is the first to use such methods in this setting. We find that if there is a modal, or traditional, science career, it is in non-academic employment. However, given the diversity of pathways observed, we offer the observation that traditional is a poor descriptor of science careers.
A dichotomy color quantization algorithm for the HSI color space
Authors: Yu Xia , Zhuang Huaiyu , Cui Yani , Deng Jiaxian , Ren Jia , Long Haixia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractColor quantization is used to obtain an image with the same number of pixels as the original but represented using fewer colors. Most existing color quantization algorithms are based on the Red Green Blue (RGB) color space, and there are few color quantization algorithms for the Hue Saturation Intensity (HSI) color space with a simple uniform quantization algorithm. In this paper, we propose a dichotomy color quantization algorithm for the HSI color space. The proposed color quantization algorithm can display images with a smaller number of colors than other quantization methods of RGB color space. The proposed algorithm has three main steps as follows: first, a single-valued monotonic function of the Hue (H) component in the from RGB color space to HSI color space (RGB-HSI) color space conversion is constructed, which can avoid the partition calculation of the H component in the RGB-HSI color space; second, an iterative quantization algorithm based on the single-valued monotonic function is proposed; and third, a dichotomy quantization algorithm is proposed to improve the iterative quantization algorithm. Both visual and numerical evaluations reveal that the proposed method presents promising quantization results.
Secular trend analysis of antibiotic utilisation in some hospitals in Southern Sichuan from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Wu Zhigui , Li Yuan , Li Rong , Sun Xuemei , Chen Tao , Yu Yongqi , Shi Yue , Luo Hongli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to assess the effectiveness of the Special Antimicrobial Stewardship Campaign launched by Ministry of Health of China in 2011, this study focused on the effectiveness and trends in the clinical use of antimicrobial drugs in selected hospitals in Southern Sichuan, China. This study collected and analyzed antibiotic data from 9 hospitals in Southern Sichuanin 2010, 2015, and 2020, including the rate of antibiotic use, expense, the intensity of antibiotic use and antibiotic use during the type I incisions of perioperative period. After 10 years of continuous improvement, the utilization rate of antibiotics in outpatients of the 9 hospitals continued to decline and was controlled below 20% by 2020, while the utilization rate in inpatients also significantly decreased, most were controlled within 60%. The use intensity of antibiotics (DDD (defined daily doses) per 100 bed-days) decreased from an average of 79.95 in 2010 to 37.96 in 2020. The prophylactic use of antibiotics decreased significantly in type I incision. The proportion of use within 30 min–1 h before operation was significantly increased. After the special rectification and sustained development of the clinical application of antibiotics, the relevant indicators of antibiotics tend to be stable, indicating that this Administration of antimicrobial drugs is conducive to improving the level of rational clinical application of antibiotics.
Synthesis of double-shelled periodic mesoporous organosilica nanospheres/MIL-88A-Fe composite and its elevated performance for Pb2+ removal in water
Authors: Ghodsinia Sara S. E. , Eshghi Hossein , Mohammadinezhad Arezou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis of double-shelled periodic mesoporous organosilica nanospheres/MIL-88A-Fe (DSS/MIL-88A-Fe) composite through a hydrothermal method. To survey the structural and compositional features of the synthesized composite, a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, BET, TEM, FE-SEM, EDX, and EDX-mapping, have been employed. A noteworthy point in this synthesis procedure is the integration of MOF with PMO to increase the adsorbent performance, such as higher specific surface area and more active sites. This combination leads to achieving a structure with an average size of 280 nm and 1.1 μm long attributed to DSS and MOF, respectively, microporous structure and relatively large specific surface area (312.87 m2/g). The as-prepared composite could be used as an effective adsorbent with a high adsorption capacity (250 mg/g) and quick adsorption time (30 min) for the removal of Pb2+ from water. Importantly, DSS/MIL-88A-Fe composite revealed acceptable recycling and stability, since the performance in Pb2+ removal from water remained above 70% even after 4 consecutive cycles.
Cleaner technologies for asphalt mixtures combining reuse of residual aggregates, waste crumb rubber and warm mix asphalt additive
Authors: Franesqui Miguel A. , Rodríguez-Alloza Ana María , Yepes Jorge , García-González Cándida 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe reuse of waste materials and residual aggregates as well as the reduction of emissions has become vitally important for the environment, the economy and logistics of the asphalt paving industry. This study characterizes the performance and production properties of asphalt mixtures with waste crumb-rubber modifier from scrap tires, a warm mix asphalt surfactant additive and residual poor-quality volcanic aggregates as the single mineral component. The combination of these three cleaner technologies provides a promising solution to produce more sustainable materials by reusing two different types of waste and decreasing the manufacturing temperature at the same time. The compactability, stiffness modulus and fatigue performance characteristics were assessed in the laboratory for different low production temperatures and compared to conventional mixtures. The results indicate that these rubberized warm asphalt mixtures with residual vesicular and scoriaceous aggregates comply with the technical specifications for paving materials. The dynamic properties are maintained or even improved while reusing waste materials and allowing reductions of the manufacturing and compaction temperatures up to 20 °C, therefore, decreasing energy consumption and emissions.
Relationship between adult attachment and cognitive emotional regulation style in women and men
Authors: Delgado Begoña , Amor Pedro J. , Domínguez-Sánchez Francisco J. , Holgado-Tello Francisco P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies are useful in evaluating the risk of developing emotional disorders and that they may define subjects’ styles. This study aims to explore the extent to which specific styles of CER strategies relate to the anxious and avoidant attachment dimensions in adults and whether such relationships operate similarly for women and men. Two hundred and fifteen adults (between 22 and 67 years old) completed the Spanish versions of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Experiences in Close Relationships instrument. Cluster analysis, ANOVA and Student's t-test were used. Our results show that women and men can be successfully classified into two CER clusters (Protective and Vulnerable), distinguished by the higher use in the protective cluster of the CER strategies considered most adaptive and complex (Acceptance, Positive Refocusing, Refocus on Planning, Positive Reappraisal, and Putting into Perspective). However, only in women were the anxious and avoidant attachment dimensions significantly associated with CER style. In conclusion, from a clinical and interpersonal perspective, it is interesting to be able to predict the belonging to a Protective or Vulnerable coping style by analysing the CER strategies and to know their relationship with the adult affective system.
A multi-source behavioral and physiological recording system for cognitive assessment
Authors: Wang Zi-yang , Liu Li , Liu Yu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCognitive assessment has a broad application prospect, including estimate of childhood neuro development and maturation, diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and selection for special profession. With the development of computer technique and behavioral recording sensors, the method of cognitive assessment has been replaced from paper scale test to human–computer interaction. We can not only obtain the results of tasks, but also make it possible to acquire multiple behavioral and physiological data during the task. However, there is still a strong challenge of recording multi-source data synchronously during multi-dimensional cognitive assessments. Therefore, we built a multi-source cognitive assessment system can record multi-pattern behavioral and physiological data and feedback at different spatiotemporal levels. Under this system, we developed a multi-source diagnostic toolset for cognitive assessment, including eye tracking, hand movement, EEG and human–computer interaction data during the cognitive task. 238 participants with different mental disorders were assessed using this system. The results showed that our diagnostic toolset can be used to study the behavioral abnormalities of patients with mental disorders through the characteristics of multi-source data. Furthermore, this system can provide some objective diagnostic criteria such as behavioral characters and EEG features for diagnosis of mental disorders.
An 8-cage imaging system for automated analyses of mouse behavior
Authors: Del Rosario Hernández Thaís , Joshi Narendra R. , Gore Sayali V. , Kreiling Jill A. , Creton Robbert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe analysis of mouse behavior is used in biomedical research to study brain function in health and disease. Well-established rapid assays allow for high-throughput analyses of behavior but have several drawbacks, including measurements of daytime behaviors in nocturnal animals, effects of animal handling, and the lack of an acclimation period in the testing apparatus. We developed a novel 8-cage imaging system, with animated visual stimuli, for automated analyses of mouse behavior in 22-h overnight recordings. Software for image analysis was developed in two open-source programs, ImageJ and DeepLabCut. The imaging system was tested using 4–5 month-old female wild-type mice and 3xTg-AD mice, a widely-used model to study Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The overnight recordings provided measurements of multiple behaviors including acclimation to the novel cage environment, day and nighttime activity, stretch-attend postures, location in various cage areas, and habituation to animated visual stimuli. The behavioral profiles were different in wild-type and 3xTg-AD mice. AD-model mice displayed reduced acclimation to the novel cage environment, were hyperactive during the first hour of darkness, and spent less time at home in comparison to wild-type mice. We propose that the imaging system may be used to study various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease.
Non-coaxial deformation of foreland basement involved in a fold-and-thrust belt: a strain partitioning approach to the Eastern Variscan orogen
Authors: Mareček L. , Melichar R. , Černý J. , Schnabl P. , Hrdličková K. , Buriánek D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe general SW–NE course of the Variscan orogen in Europe is abruptly bent to the N–S course at its eastern margin, where an oblique convergence occurred. The main suture in this part of the Variscan orogenic belt is called the Moldanubian Thrust, characterized by a dominant dextral strike-slip kinematics and a minor thrust component. The deep level of erosion and the good exposure of this structure allowed us to study the mechanisms of oblique convergence and the incorporation of the foreland basement into the orogenic belt. The combination of small-scale structures with the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility studies allowed the recognition of two deformations in the studied rocks: dextral simple shearing and drag folding. Due to oblique convergence, the deformations induced by this mechanism were non-coaxial; therefore, their contributions can be easily distinguished. Finally, an overturned, almost recumbent large-scale synformal fold structure in the footwall and an antiformal structure in the hanging wall of the Moldanubian Thrust were formed. These two folds can be interpreted as structures formed by dragging along the Moldanubian Thrust. The previously described sinistral simple shearing in the upper limb of the synform resulted from the original dextral strike-slip shearing, which was overturned during progressive deformation.
Long- COVID and general health status in hospitalized COVID-19 survivors
Authors: Mohtasham-Amiri Zahra , Keihanian Fatemeh , Rad Enayatollah Homaie , Shakib Reza Jafari , Vahed Leila Kanafi , Kouchakinejad–Eramsadati Leila , Rezvani Seyed Mahmoud , Nikkar Rastin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite advances in clinical research, the long-term effects of COVID-19 on patients are not clear. Many studies revealed persistent long-term signs and symptoms. In a survey study, 259 hospitalized confirmed COVID-19 patients between 18 and 59 years were interviewed. Demographic characteristics and complaints were studied through telephone interviews. Any patient-reported symptoms that continued or developed from 4 weeks up to 12 weeks after the onset of the disease were recorded only if they did not exist prior to infection. The 12-Item General Health Questionnaire was used for screening and assessing mental symptoms and psychosocial well-being. The mean age of participants was 43.8 ± 9.9 years. About 37% had at least one underlying disease. 92.5% showed ongoing symptoms that the most prevalent complications were hair loss (61.4%), fatigue (54.1%), shortness of breath (40.2%), altered smell (34.4%), and aggression (34.4%), respectively. In terms of factors affecting patients' complaints, there were significant differences between age, sex, and underlying disease with long-remaining complications. This study shows a high rate of long COVID-19 conditions that should be considered by physicians, policymakers, and managers.
Distributed convex optimization based on zero‐gradient‐sum algorithm under switching topology
Authors: Tan Manchun , Ren Junwu , Ye Lei , Xiang Jianglian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper designs a finite‐time convergence protocol and an event‐triggered control protocol based on Zero‐Gradient‐Sum (ZGS) algorithm under stochastic switching undirected topology, respectively, which greatly expands the theory of continuous‐time distributed optimization algorithms. With finite‐time stability and Lyapunov stability analysis, it is illustrated that the proposed method can finite‐time converge to the optimal solution of distributed unconstrained convex optimization problem and overcome the disturbances of the switching communication networks. In addition, the event‐triggered mechanism can effectively reduce the network burden and communication cost as well as avoid Zeno behaviour. Finally, two numerical simulations verify the advantages and effectiveness of these methods.
Resilience assessment of active distribution systems considering microgrid formation based on grid‐edge DERs
Authors: Huang Yuxiong , Rong Xuanman , Li Gengfeng , Chen Chen , Bie Zhaohong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDistributed energy resources (DERs) provide flexible load restoration strategies, which can effectively enhance the resilience of active distribution systems (ADSs). Whereas, the widespread DERs in ADSs complicates the supply‐demand relationship and make the system resilience difficult to access. Therefore, this paper proposes a simulation‐based resilience assessment algorithm of ADSs considering the microgrid formation based on grid‐edge DERs. Microgrid formation is used to depict the resilience gain of grid‐edge DERs on ADSs. Specifically, a resilience assessment framework for ADSs is firstly proposed, where the uncertainty of component state and supply‐demand is modelled based on probability statistics. Then the mixed integer linear programming is used to search for optimal load restoration strategies with microgrid formation. On this basis, a set of resilience indices are defined to quantitatively analyse the resilience of ADSs, and a resilience assessment algorithm with uncertainty scenario generation is proposed to obtain these indices. Furthermore, extensive numerical results based on a modified IEEE 123‐bus feeder validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.