bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modafinil exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by upregulating adenosine A2A and A2B receptors
Authors: Li Haiyan , Kim Ji Aee , Jo Seong-Eun , Lee Huisu , Kim Kwan-Chang , Choi Shinkyu , Suh Suk Hyo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Adenosine receptor (AR) suppresses inflammation and fibrosis by activating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling. We investigated whether altered AR expression contributes to the development of fibrotic diseases and whether A2A AR and A2B AR upregulation inhibits fibrotic responses. Murine models of fibrotic liver or pulmonary disease were developed by injecting thioacetamide intraperitoneally, by feeding a high-fat diet, or by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. Modafinil was orally administered to inhibit fibrotic responses. The protein levels of A2A AR, A2B AR, and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) were reduced, while collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were elevated in diseased (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) compared to normal HLFs. In liver or lung tissue from murine models of fibrotic diseases, A2A and A2B AR were downregulated, but A1 and A3 AR were not. Epac levels decreased, and levels of collagen, α-SMA, KCa2.3, and KCa3.1 increased compared to the control. Modafinil restored the levels of A2A AR, A2B AR, and Epac, and reduced collagen, α-SMA, KCa2.3, and KCa3.1 in murine models of fibrotic diseases. Transforming growth factor-β reduced the levels of A2A AR, A2B AR, and Epac, and elevated collagen, α-SMA, KCa2.3, and KCa3.1 in normal HLFs; however, these alterations were inhibited by modafinil. Our investigation revealed that downregulation of A2A AR and A2B AR reduced cAMP signaling and induced liver and lung fibrotic diseases while upregulation attenuated fibrotic responses, suggesting that A2A AR and A2B AR-upregulating agents, such as modafinil, may serve as novel therapies for fibrotic diseases.
Spatio temporal variation of urban multi-scale carbon emissions and its influencing factors based on night light data:-A case study of Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration
Authors: LIU Yajing , ZHOU Shuai , ZHANG Ge 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: It is of great significance to formulate differentiated carbon emission reduction policies to clarify spatio-temporal characteristics and driving factors of carbon emissions in different cities and cities at different scales. By fitting nighttime light data of long time series from 2000 to 2020, a carbon emission estimation model of Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration, at city, county, and grid unit levels was built to quickly and accurately estimate carbon emission in the Delta cities above county level. Combining spatial statistics, spatial autocorrelation, emerging spatio-temporal hotspot analysis, and Theil index, this study explored the spatio-temporal differentiation of urban carbon emissions in the Delta , and used a geographical detector, to dig influencing factors of the differentiation.
Results: The results of the study showed that night light data could replace a statistical yearbook in calculating carbon emissions of cities at or above county level. The calculation error was less than 11% in Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration. The three levels of carbon emissions in the Delta increased in a fluctuating manner, and the spatial distribution difference of carbon emissions at municipal and county levels was small. Therefore, a combination of municipal and county scales can be implemented to achieve precise emission reduction at both macro and micro levels. The central and eastern parts of the agglomeration, including Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhongshan, and Huizhou, were a high-value clustering and spatio-temporal hot spots of carbon emissions. Zhaoqing City in the northwestern part of the agglomeration had always been a low-value clustering and spatio-temporal cold spot, because of its population, economy, and geographical location . The carbon emission differences of the Delta cities were mainly caused by carbon emission differences within the cities at municipal level, and the cities faced the challenge of regional differences in the reduction of per capita carbon emissions. As the most influential single factor, spatial interaction between economic development and various factors was the main driving force for the growth of carbon emissions.
Conclusions: Our study provide scientific theory and information support for carbon emission estimation and prediction, differentiated emission reduction measures, and carbon neutrality of cities in Pearl River Delta.
Sarcopenic Obesity is Associated with Sexual Dysfunction in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Demirdağ Filiz , GÜÇER Burcu KIVRAK , KOLBAŞI ESMA NUR 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Even though the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) is reported to be high in older adults in previous studies, it is rarely investigated with appropriate assessment tools which include all aspects of sexual life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the frequency of SD and the association between SD and body composition abnormalities such as sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity.
Methods: Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria. Obesity was defined using the fat percentile by Zoico methodology. SD was determined by Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX).
Results: Two-hundred and sixty-seven volunteers (64.4% female, mean age 73.63 ± 6.22 years) participated in this study. One-hundred seventy-eight individuals (66.7%) had SD. It was present in 83.1% and 36.8% of the females and males, respectively (p<0.0001). Marital status and SD were significantly associated (p=0.041). There was no association between SD and sarcopenia alone (OR:1.013, 95% CI: 0.559-1.836, p=0.966) or obesity alone (OR:1.049, 95%CI: 0.514-2.144, p=0.895). Sarcopenic obesity was significantly associated with SD (OR: 3.618, 95%CI: 1.182-11.077, p=0.024). This association was still present after the model was adjusted for marital status (OR: 3.356, 95% CI: 1.088-10.355, p=0.035).
Conclusions: SD was present in 66.7% of the older adults. It was associated with sarcopenic obesity, but not with sarcopenia or obesity alone. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the effect of body composition abnormalities on sexual activity in both genders.
Identification of Novel Drug Targets and Immune Response Biomarkers in HCMV-Infected Hosts
Authors: Al-Maliki Lamiaa , Oohayyed Noor Ali , Mohameed Emad Essa , Suleiman Ahmed AbdulJabbar , Shaban Semaa A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a well known hallmark of increasing morbidity and mortality in humans with acquired impairment in innate and adaptive immunity indicating high seroprevalence rate of 83%. This study aims to identify novel drug targets as disease biomarkers in HCMV-infected hosts. Thereby datasets were collected from NCBI SRA Database and were further analyzed through RNA-seq pipeline to identify differentially expressed genes between HCMV-infected hosts and healthy individuals. Subsequently functional enrichment analysis of highly significant genes was performed through enrichR. RNA-seq analysis identified 1974 differentially expressed genes in HCMV-infected hosts including 678 over-modulated and 1028 down-modulated genes. Nevertheless, present DGE analysis study has reported novel drug targets including 5 protein-coding genes (RRAGD, SPINK1, NAP1L2, PKIG and LXN) and 2 pseudogenes (EEF1A1P38, WFDC21P). Additionally dysregulated genes have been found to be highly enriched in immune system related biological processes mainly Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway indicating positive correlation between dysregulated immune-system mechanisms and HCMV replication. Hence this study has proposed novel therapeutic targets for early detection and treatment of HCMV infection that would positively influence public health. However wet laboratory explorations are required to ensure safety and efficacy of proposed drug targets.
Retrospective study of the epidemiological risk and serological diagnosis of human babesiosis in Asturias, Northwestern Spain
Authors: Montero Estrella , Folgueras María , Rodriguez-Pérez Mercedes , Pérez-ls Laura , Diaz-Arias Javier , Meana Maria , Revuelta Belén , Haapasalo Karita , Collazos Julio , Asensi Víctor , Gonzalez Luis Miguel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background:
Babesiosis is a globally growing tick-borne disease in humans. Severe babesiosis caused by Babesia divergens has been recently reported in patients from Asturias (Northwestern Spain) suggesting an undetected risk of the disease. To analyze this risk, we retrospectively evaluated the seroprevalence of babesiosis in the Asturian population from 2015 through 2017, an intermediate period when severe human babesiosis cases occurred.
Methods:
To detect B. divergens IgG antibodies in 120 serum samples from Asturian patients infected with the tick-transmitted spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) indirect fluorescent assay (IFA) and Western-blot assays were performed. This condition indicated exposure to tick bites
Results:
This retrospective study confirmed a B. divergens seroprevalence rate of 39.2% according to IFA results. B. divergens incidence was 7.14 cases/100,000 population, exceeding previously reported seroprevalence rates. No differences in epidemiology and risk factors were found between patients infected solely with B. burgdorferiand those doubly infected with B. burgdorferi s.l. and B. divergens. Patients with both infections lived in Central Asturias, had a milder clinical course and, according to Western-blot results, developed different humoral responses against B. divergens.
Conclusions:
B. divergens parasites have circulated for several years in Asturias causing unnoticed infections in humans. Epidemiological evidences of babesiosis makes Asturias an emerging risk area for this zoonosis. Silent human babesiosis could also be relevant in other Spanish and European regions affected by babesiosis. Hence, the potential risk of babesiosis on human health in Asturias and other European forest regions needs to be addressed by the sanitary authorities.
Spoilage Detection of Smart Packaged Chicken Meat by ddPCR
Authors: Bayrakal Gülay Merve , Çiftçioğlu Gürhan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Nowadays, it is important for the food industry and public health that food reaches the consumer from production to consumption without spoiling. Smart packaging technologies are one of the new technologies informing the manufacturer and customer. In order to prevent spoiled food from being consumed, it is necessary to identify the deterioration as quickly as possible. The aim of the study is to determine the applicability of smart packaging technology and usability of Digital Droplet PCR for quick and accurate spoilage detection by evaluating the quantity of genes involved in biogenic amines synthesis that occurs during spoilage. Consumption of spoiled products until products of spoilage biogenic amines, accumulated and are later on detected, may cause a threat to public health. In this study, chicken meats were analyzed on specific days in terms of microbiological, physicochemical, and molecular aspects. The 9th day was determined to be the start of the degradation when the quantity of microorganisms exceeded 108 cfu/g, based on the microbiological data obtained from chicken meats. On the same day according to the ddPCR data, the gene duplication number was found to be over 50–60. Within the light of this information, the upper limit for the detection of degradation of histamine and putrescine-producing gene copy number is interpreted as 50. When the results of the microbiological analyses and ddPCR data were compared, it was shown that ddPCR method when used in combination with the smart labels, can be applicable for quick deterioration detection in smart packaging systems.
Immunoglobulin superfamily 6-mediated immune signature determines prognosis and immune landscape in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Qisi , Wang Ting , Jiang Gechen , Ni Jun , Zhang Zhi , Tian Xinyu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Immunoglobulin superfamily 6 (IGSF6) is a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and the association of IGSF6 with the prognosis and antitumor immune response in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown. Here, we aim to identify the role of IGSF6-mediated immune signature in the prognosis and immune landscape of LUAD.
Methods
IGSF6 expression in pan-cancer and LUAD data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was analyzed by TIMER2.0 and GEPIA2, respectively. Quantitative-real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were performed to confirm the results of bioinformatics. The association of IGSF6 expression and promoter methylation levels with major clinical features was analyzed by using UALCAN. Survival curves were used to assess the connection between IGSF6 expression and LUAD prognosis. The enrichment analysis was conducted by running the R software clusterProfiler package. TISIDB and TIMER2.0 were utilized to investigate the correlation between IGSF6 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in LUAD. Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to confirm IGSF6 localization in macrophages.
Results
IGSF6 levels were decreased in LUAD, and methylation levels at the IGSF6 promoter in LUAD samples increased compared to that in peritumor samples, implying a potential mechanism that leads to the aberrant expression of IGSF6 in LUAD. Low IGSF6 expression was significantly related to poor survival. In addition, IGSF6 expression was closely associated with gene sets involved in immune cell proliferation and exogenous antigen presentation, and it was positively related to immune infiltrates with antitumor activity, including M1 macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and T helper 1 (Th1). Furthermore, the IGSF6 protein was mainly located on the membrane of macrophages in LUAD, which enabled exogenous antigen presentation by macrophages to enhance the antitumor immune response.
Conclusion
IGSF6 is a biomarker of LUAD and IGSF6-mediated immune signature determines the prognosis and immune landscape of LUAD.
An annular carbon allotrope, cumulenic cyclo[10]carbon
Authors: Xu Wei , Sun Luye , Gao Wenze , Kang Faming , Zhao Mali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cyclo[n]carbon allotropes built from sp-hybridized carbon atoms have aroused substantial interests, but until now even their structures (i.e., polyynic or cumulenic) and stabilities (i.e., cyclic or linear) are still under debate. Due to their high reactivity, it is rather difficult to synthesize via solution chemistry, which hampers further characterizations. Recently, an isolated cyclo[18]carbon (C18) molecule was generated on the surface by atom manipulation, which allowed to identify the polyynic structure of C18. More interestingly, for the smaller cyclo[n]carbon, questions arise: is it still stable in cyclic form? If so, what is the structure? Here, we successfully produce a cyclo[10]carbon (C10) via tip-induced dehalogenation and followed by retro-Bergman reaction of a fully chlorinated molecule, C10Cl8, on a bilayer NaCl/Au(111) surface at 4.7 kelvin. Surprisingly, the cumulenic structure of C10 with consecutive double bonds, different from the polyynic structure of C18, is revealed by high-resolution atomic force microscopy, validating the theoretically predicted structure. Our results of tip-induced dehalogenation and retro-Bergman reactions may provide a universal method to synthesize other cyclo[n]carbons on surfaces, opening an avenue for characterizing a series of annular carbon allotropes for the structure and stability.
Social fintechs: how the mission reflects the purpose of banking and social inclusion
Authors: Padula Roberto Sanches , Cecchii Valeria Kabzas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The coronavirus pandemic brought the need for social distancing, and digital technology helped minimize problems. Old problems became evident, as the existence of many people outside the traditional financial system. Financial inclusion is essential to enable people to pay their bills, get credit, and make investments. The research question is: can fintechs help in the banking and social inclusion of the most disadvantaged classes? Analyzing the mission statement of fintechs using UN SDGs, we verified that many propose to offer services typically aimed at financial inclusion and on community development, aligned with the discourse or values of the UN SDGs, regardless of whether they seek profit and growth, whether they are social or not-for-profit businesses. The advancement of digital interactions in the financial system is expected to increase. Offering good and cheap services and having strong social responsibility, fintechs can strengthen the purposes of real improvement of society.
Assessment of COVID-19 Numbers by Using Fisher Transform Indicator
Authors: Ferhat  
Published: February 2023

Abstract
New cases, new deaths, new deaths per new cases numbers belonging to COVID-19 pandemic investigated via open, high, low, close candlesticks and Fisher transform indicator. Candlestick plots, accompanied by crossovers in the Fisher transform indicator, facilitate the determination of the beginning of upward and downward trends in numbers, clearly and in a timely manner. It has been shown that an increase in the total number of peaks over time, in both smoothed candlestick data and in the Fisher transform indicator, can indicate the temporary or persistent diminishing of a pandemic.
­Field-induced concentration and low coordination-enhanced adsorption boost electroreductive deuteration of nitriles over copper nanotips
Authors: He Meng , Li Rui , Cheng Chuanqi , Yang Lijun , Wu Yongmeng , Liu Cuibo , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Electrochemical deuteration utilizing D2O is a promising room-temperature strategy for synthesizing deuterated molecules. At present, high Faradic efficiencies (FEs) at high reaction rates are extraordinarily significant but highly challenged. Here, high-curvature low-coordinated copper nanotips (LC-Cu NTs) are designed to enable electroreductive deuteration of α-deuterio aryl acetonitriles, in situ generated from fast α-H/D exchange of acetonitriles in D2O, to α,β-deuterio arylethyl primary amines with 90% FE and 0.11 mmol h-1 cm-2, greatly outperforming the reported data and other Cu counterparts. The increased electric fields of the nanotips concentrate nitriles and K+(D2O)n, and low-coordination sites promote nitriles and D2O adsorption, thus facilitating nitrile deuteration with an excellent reaction rate. The higher coupling energy barrier of active hydrogen atoms at low-coordination sites restricts the D2 evolution, accounting for the outstanding FE. The wide substrate scope, easy gram-scale synthesis, and facile preparation of d4-melatonin with enhanced antitumor and antioxidation effects highlight its great promise. Furthermore, the application of LC-Cu NTs in other deuteration reactions with improved reaction rates and FEs rationalizes the design concept.
Regarding the Gap between Prime Numbers
Authors: Thompson Daniel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Until now there is no efficient formula for determining the prime numbers. I show an efficient formula that takes only prime number values or multiples of 5, 7 and 11, and results in the successive prime number or a multiple of 5, 7 and 11. It is shown that by performing the same operation on a number that is a multiple of a prime number when using the formula will result in the next successive prime number value. The formula also identifies a pattern allowing mathematicians to begin at any random prime number and find the next successive prime number without fail.
MSC:11-xx
High-pressure behavior and structural transition of beryl-type johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18
Authors: Gatta G. Diego , Ende Martin , Miloš Sofija , Rotiroti Nicola , Palke Aaron C. , Miletich Ronald 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The beryl-group mineral johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, was compressed hydrostatically in a diamond-anvil cell up to 10.2 GPa. In situ Raman spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography revealed a P6/mcc-to-P3c1 (second-order) phase transition on isothermal compression at the critical transition pressure Pc = 4.13 ± 0.07 GPa. The elastic parameters determined for the volume elasticity of the two polymorphs correspond to a Birch-Murnaghan equation of state with K0 = 148 ± 2 GPa and K′ = 0 for P &lt; Pc and K0 = 75.5 ± 0.9 GPa with K′ = 4 for P &gt; Pc. The low-P polymorph shows anomalously linear compression behavior, as reported for several other beryl-derived framework structures. The high-P polymorph, which was found to follow a a′ = a·√3, c′ = c superstructure according to P3c1, is almost twice as compressible as its low-P form. This is unique for any beryl-derived structure and can be attributed to the high degree of freedom for atomic displacements in the superstructure. The reduced symmetry can also be understood as the effect of the driving mechanism of the transformation. The extra-framework Cs channel components counteract any lateral deformation of the channels parallel to [0001] within the microporous framework and, similar to pezzottaite, are responsible for maintaining the trigonal/hexagonal lattice metrics.
The impact of water resource taxes on total factor water efficiency
Authors: Su Yang , Cheng Zhonghua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Widespread promotion of resource tax reform is of critical importance in China's efforts to promote resource conservation and speed up the development of a more ecological planet. Using the Differences-in-Differences (DID) approach, this article empirically assesses the impact of water resource tax reform on total factor water efficiency and its mechanism of action in order to examine the effect of China's water resource tax reform policy from 2010 to 2019. According to the study, water resource tax reform enhances total factor water efficiency substantially. Following a battery of robustness tests, this conclusion remains valid. Further examination of the policy's mechanism finds that it encourages increases in total factor water efficiency through increasing marketization, enhancing innovation capabilities, supporting industrial structure upgrades, and strengthening the intensity of environmental regulations. The research in this article provides a basis for decision-making and so further promotes the pilot policy of water resource tax reform across the country.