bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microplastics in Antarctic air: revealing current findings
Authors: Deylami Saed , Cárdenas-Escudero Jafet , López Ochoa Marcos , Ayuso-Haro Jorge , Galán-Madruga David , Urraca Ruiz Javier L. , Cáceres J.O. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work provides a comprehensive examination of microplastic air pollution in Antarctica. Due to atmospheric microplastics’ emerging importance, analytical procedures and health effects are discussed. Microplastic pollution poses an increasing threat to the unique and delicate Antarctic ecosystem, potentially triggering harmful consequences not only for the local ecosystem and fauna, but also for human health and well-being, given the severe implications of microplastic pollution for global scenarios such as imminent worldwide warming and the melting of polar ice. Numerous investigations have now exposed the extent of microplastic pollution in the Antarctic and the prevalence of both nano- and microplastics in this region, a significant storehouse of the planet’s freshwater. This work also highlights the challenges of assessing the hazards that microplastics, particularly the nanoscale variants, may pose to human health and life maintenance. The results of this work suggest that global mechanisms of microplastic pollution mitigation are critical to microplastic transportation to the Antarctic reaches. This overview provides a better understanding of microplastic pollution in Antarctica while highlighting the urgency of more comprehensive research in this area to elucidate more precisely the short-, medium- and long-term effects of the arrival of these emerging contaminants in the Antarctic.
Crisis-prompted online language teaching: a qualitative inquiry into autonomy among teachers in refugee settings
Authors: Charitonos Koula , Khalil Betul , Ross Tara W. , Bonfini-Hotlosz Cindy , Aristorenas Miki , Webster Ben 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Language is central to issues of displacement and education. This paper examines how English language teachers in refugee settings negotiated and exercised autonomy in teaching and learning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It draws on the notion of autonomy and its dynamics in language classrooms in refugee settings. The paper focuses on one displacement context – Jordan’s refugee settings – to offer a fine-grained analysis of teachers’ accounts to synthesise how teachers negotiated the transition to online teaching and developed practices and relations across different sites. The study recognises teachers’ rights in contributing their own experience and expertise and draws on the Participatory Ethnographic Evaluation Research (PEER) methodology, which involved working closely with a group of six language teachers as peer researchers, who conducted in-depth interviews with two of their peers. The analysis examines the ways in which autonomy was exercised, mobilised, resourced, constrained and shaped by contextual factors during the pandemic and thus provides a nuanced understanding of teachers’ experiences. The study points to the importance of understanding teacher autonomy in the context of language teaching in technology-poor environments. By providing critical insights into the dynamics of teacher autonomy in unique professional settings, it contributes to the broader discourse on digital language learning and agency, roles and skills needed by teachers to support crisis preparedness for the future.
Successful embolisation of coronary artery fistulas with the Azur® CX peripheral coil system in three paediatric patients
Authors: Torun Emine Gulsah , Pamuk Utku , Çayhan Velihan , Gürsu Hazım Alper 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Coronary artery fistulas are rare cardiac anomalies, often asymptomatic and frequently discovered incidentally during routine cardiac imaging. Transcatheter closure with coil embolisation is increasingly recognised as a preferable alternative to surgical intervention due to its lower complication rates. In this report, we present three paediatric cases in which coronary artery fistulas were successfully embolised using the Azur® CX Peripheral Coil System. This system demonstrates low-profile suitability for occluding highly tortuous vessels in children, enabling controlled coil delivery via a microcatheter. Its hydrogel-coated coils allow for expansion between gaps, making it highly effective as a minimally invasive treatment.
Late presentation of distal aortopulmonary window with anomalous origin of right coronary artery from main pulmonary artery with isolated left subclavian artery
Authors: Gupta Anish , Starlet Abisho R. , Shrivastava Yash 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present the case of a 9-year-old girl with a distal aortopulmonary window (APW) with anomalous origin of right coronary artery from the main pulmonary artery and an isolated left subclavian artery arising from the main pulmonary artery. This report highlights the unusual combination of the three anomalies and late presentation of APW.
Sleep quality, anxiety, and depression in palliative care patients
Authors: Çamcı Gülşah , Oğuz Sıdıka , Oktay Ömer , Aydın Ömürcan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Sleep problems are common in palliative care patients. In addition, psychological problems can affect sleep quality. The aim of this study was to investigate sleep quality, anxiety, and depression in palliative care patients.

Methods
The study was conducted between May 1, 2023 and October 31, 2023 in Turkey. The patient information form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression test.

Results
A total of 59.3% of patients were male, 76.7% were married, 89.3% had poor sleep quality, 61.3% had anxiety, and 86.7% were at risk of depression. A positive moderate correlation was found between HADS-anxiety, HADS-depression, and HADS total with subjective sleep quality. A positive moderate correlation was found between HADS-anxiety, HADS depression, and HADS total with the PSQI total. Sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction showed a weak positive correlation with HADS-depression and HADS total. In the regression analysis, anxiety proved to be a statistically significant predictor of sleep quality, while depression was not a significant predictor. These variables were found to explain 22% of the total variance in sleep quality.

Significance of results
The patients’ sleep quality was poor. Anxiety and the risk of depression were high. A positive moderate correlation was found between the total score of sleep quality and anxiety and depression. Anxiety was found to be a statistically significant predictor of sleep quality.
The Effects of Parental Leave on Attitudes Toward the State
Authors: Naurin Elin , Markstedt Elias , Schneider Monica C. , Lizotte Mary-Kate , Stolle Dietlind 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Social role theorists argue that the roles that people inhabit and their experiences within can alter their attitudes. We use Swedish panel data to demonstrate how involvement in the parental role changes attitudes toward government policies differently for fathers and mothers. For fathers who take parental leave, the caregiving activities accompanying this leave conflict with stereotypical masculine experiences and such counter-stereotypical engagement should be transformative. We find that fathers who take more parental leave favor care provided by the state. For mothers, we hypothesize and find that the caregiving role during parental leave confirms a female-typical role, resulting in small effects that are not significant. We conclude with a discussion of how state policies can alter the effects of gender by providing specific experiences within a role, such as parental leave, and the significance of finding results in a country with high baseline levels of gender equality.
Mayor Pete is Smart and Elizabeth Warren is Unlikable? Coverage of Warmth and Competence Traits in the 2020 Democratic Presidential Primary
Authors: Conroy Meredith , Cassese Erin , Mehta Dhrumil , Hammond Ciera , Beail Linda , Johri Al , Long Sean , Stecula Dominik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Past work on media coverage of candidates for political office has explored gender differences in quantity, substance, and tone with mixed results depending on the office, race, and context. We draw on the stereotype content model (SCM) to examine gendered patterns of media coverage of candidates on the trait dimensions of warmth and competence in the 2020 U.S. Democratic presidential primary. Combining Natural Language Processing and manual analysis of news, we find that female candidates receive more negative than positive warmth coverage, while male candidates receive more tonally balanced warmth coverage, which suggests that female leaders are penalized on the dimension of warmth. Additionally, white women received more warmth coverage than women of color and women of color receive more competence coverage than white women. The findings suggest news media may portray white women and women of color candidates as lacking gender congruent traits like warmth but may portray white women as possessing role congruent traits like competence.
20 years versus 20 minutes: increasing the understanding of delusions from a cognitive behavioural perspective in two older adult community mental health teams
Authors: Brown Poppy , Evans Kathryn , Dow Rebecca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The last two decades have seen considerable development in our understanding of delusions, with medical perspectives broadening into more holistic bio-psychosocial models. Of particular relevance to services is the increasing evidence base for cognitive behavioural models and treatments. A number of national initiatives have aimed to ensure these developments are reflected in services. Primarily these have targeted adult services, yet delusions are no less common in older adults. Across two older adult services this study searched over 10,000 clinical notes to assess the number of individuals experiencing delusions, explored the perspectives of 27 staff members regarding their clinical approaches to working with delusions, and delivered a brief training on cognitive behavioural models and treatments of delusions. Three service users contributed to the training content. Endorsement of theoretical perspectives regarding delusions were measured pre- and post-training. Results showed over 20% of patients in the service may be experiencing paranoia or delusions, but only a handful were referred for CBT. Of 27 staff participants, less than half had received training on working with delusions, most of which was from as many as 20 years ago. Nearly all reported that a lack of knowledge prevented them from considering psychological perspectives. A quarter of staff across the two teams attended the training. No immediate changes in outcome measures were seen immediately post-training, with a striking diversity in approach reported by different members of staff. All staff qualitatively reported finding the training valuable, although engagement was dampened by high levels of stress and burnout.

Key learning aims

(1)
To understand the developing cognitive behavioural evidence base for understanding and treating delusions in older adults.

(2)
To understand the need for this growing evidence base to be reflected in services, including older adult services, not only in structured interventions offered by psychological therapists, but also in patient interactions and care planning by all professions working in multi-disciplinary teams.

(3)
To understand some of the key challenges in assessing and improving current understanding of cognitive behavioural approaches to delusions within services.
A New Fault Slip Mode Unveiled in the Regional Dynamic Triggering of the 2023 Turkey Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Luo Heng , Zhou Yijian , Zhao Zeyan , Köküm Mehmet , Wang Teng , Yue Han , Wang Zexin , Hu Nan , Ghosh Abhijit , Song Xiaodong , Bürgmann Roland 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFaults can slip at vastly different rates, generating both high‐stress‐drop regular earthquakes and low‐stress‐drop slow slip events (SSEs). Here, we document a transitional mode of high‐stress‐drop but “silent” slip with two Mw 5 events that were triggered by the 2023 Turkey Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence. Specifically, we identify eight fault slip events from radar interferometry, none of which are reported in seismic catalogs. Except for four typical aseismic creep events, two events represent earthquakes whose waveforms were obscured within the coda waves of the mainshocks. Notably, we find two silent events that did not radiate discernible high‐frequency seismic energy nor produce local aftershocks but did exhibit high stress drops of 4–6 MPa, similar to regular earthquakes. These two “silent” events likely represent a new fault slip mode positioned between regular earthquakes and SSEs. The identification of these diverse shallow slip events, which are missed in seismic catalogs, calls for reevaluation of faulting mechanisms, the nature of static/dynamic triggering effects, and seismic hazard assessments.
The Role of the Three‐Dimensional Geometry of Fault Steps on Event Migration During Fluid‐Induced Seismic Sequences
Authors: Roche Vincent , van der Baan Mirko , Walsh John 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study analyses how fault segmentation influences seismicity using 3 high‐resolution earthquake catalogs from tectonically different areas. The studied event patterns reveal 8 fault steps with different 3D geometries reminiscent of relay zones, which refer to the area of displacement transfer between stepping and overlapping segments due to fault segmentation, including cylindrical, bifurcating, dip, strike and oblique relay zones as mapped from seismic reflection surveys. After detailed mapping of the spatiotemporal event migration, we analyze how 3D fault geometry, and in particular internal segmentation, controls event migration. First, we show that events can migrate continuously between segments via connected areas, producing along‐step, around‐step and bidirectional migrations, with steps acting as a barrier. Second, we observe seismicity that hops across bounding segments if a sufficiently strong magnitude event, with a relatively large rupture length compared to the step size, occurs near the step. Thus, fault segmentation, inherited from the early stage of fault development, controls earthquake migration patterns, if coupled with the type of forces driving seismicity. Specifically, tectonic‐dominated sequences with relatively high magnitude seismicity and critically stressed segments promote inter‐segment hopping. In contrast, fluid‐dominated sequences, producing lower‐magnitude events, are strongly channeled by connected segments.
Collaborative orchestration of BH3-only proteins governs Bak/Bax-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis under antiapoptotic protein-deficiency in mice
Authors: Kudo Shinnosuke , Hikita Hayato , Saito Yoshinobu , Murai Kazuhiro , Kodama Takahiro , Tatsumi Tomohide , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The fine-tuned balance between anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, such as Bcl-xL and Mcl-1, and pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, like Bak and Bax, is crucial for maintaining hepatocyte integrity. BH3-only proteins, including Bid, Bim, Puma, Noxa, Bad, Bmf, Bik and Hrk, serve as apoptosis initiators. They are activated by various stimuli, which leads to Bak/Bax activation. We previously reported that Bid and Bim contributed to hepatocyte apoptosis through Bak/Bax activation in the absence of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL and/or Mcl-1. However, the comprehensive involvement of all eight BH3-only proteins in Bak/Bax-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis remains unclear. Puma disruption suppressed hepatocyte apoptosis in hepatocyte-specific Bcl-xL or Mcl-1 knockout (Bcl-xLΔHep/ΔHep or Mcl-1ΔHep/ΔHep) mice. Disruption of Bid and Bim partially prevented lethality in Mcl-1ΔHep/+ Bcl-xLΔHep/ΔHep mice, although severe hepatocyte apoptosis persisted, which was suppressed by additional Puma disruption. However, hepatocyte apoptosis was still induced compared to that in Mcl-1ΔHep/+ Bcl-xLΔHep/ΔHep BaxΔHep/ΔHep Bak−/− mice. Triple disruption of Bid, Bim and Puma did not prevent induction of hepatocyte apoptosis in tamoxifen-induced Mcl-1iΔHep/iΔHep Bcl-xLiΔHep/iΔHep mice. Primary hepatocytes, isolated from Mcl-1fl/fl Bcl-xLfl/fl Bid−/− Bim−/− Puma−/− mice and immortalized, underwent apoptosis with doxycycline-dependent Cre recombination. Among the remaining five BH3-only proteins, Bik and Hrk were not expressed in these cells, and Noxa knockdown, but not Bad or Bmf knockdown, reduced apoptosis. Noxa disruption alleviated hepatocyte apoptosis in Mcl-1ΔHep/ΔHep mice and tamoxifen-induced Mcl-1iΔHep/iΔHep Bcl-xLiΔHep/iΔHep Bid−/− Bim−/− Puma−/− mice, prolonging survival. Apoptosis persisted in immortalized primary hepatocytes isolated from Mcl-1fl/fl Bcl-xLfl/fl Bid−/− Bim−/− Puma−/− Noxa−/− mice where doxycycline-dependent Cre recombination was induced, but was completely suppressed by Bak/Bax knockdown, while Bad or Bmf knockdown had no effect. In conclusion, among the eight BH3-only proteins, Puma and Noxa, alongside Bid and Bim, contributed to Bak/Bax-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis, but not indispensably, in the absence of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL.
Insights from a methylome-wide association study of antidepressant exposure
Authors: Davyson E. , Shen X. , Huider F. , Adams M. J. , Borges K. , McCartney D. L. , Barker L. F. , van Dongen J. , Boomsma D. I. , Weihs A. , Grabe H. J. , Kühn L. , Teumer A. , Völzke H. , Zhu T. , Kaprio J. , Ollikainen M. , David F. S. , Meinert S. , Stein F. , Forstner A. J. , Dannlowski U. , Kircher T. , Tapuc A. , Czamara D. , Binder E. B. , Brückl T. , Kwong A. S. F. , Yousefi P. , Wong C. C. Y. , Arseneault L. , Fisher H. L. , Mill J. , Cox S. R. , Redmond P. , Russ T. C. , van den Oord E. J. C. G. , Aberg K. A. , Penninx B. W. J. H. , Marioni R. E. , Wray N. R. , McIntosh A. M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study tests the association of whole-blood DNA methylation and antidepressant exposure in 16,531 individuals from Generation Scotland (GS), using self-report and prescription-derived measures. We identify 8 associations and a high concordance of results between self-report and prescription-derived measures. Sex-stratified analyses observe nominally significant increased effect estimates in females for four CpGs. There is observed enrichment for genes expressed in the Amygdala and annotated to synaptic vesicle membrane ontology. Two CpGs (cg15071067; DGUOK-AS1 and cg26277237; KANK1) show correlation between DNA methylation with the time in treatment. There is a significant overlap in the top 1% of CpGs with another independent methylome-wide association study of antidepressant exposure. Finally, a methylation profile score trained on this sample shows a significant association with antidepressant exposure in a meta-analysis of eight independent external datasets. In this large investigation of antidepressant exposure and DNA methylation, we demonstrate robust associations which warrant further investigation to inform on the design of more effective and tolerated treatments for depression.
The deubiquitylating enzyme Fat facets promotes Fat signalling and restricts tissue growth
Authors: Dawson Lauren E. , Sekar Aashika , Fulford Alexander D. , Lambert Rachel I. , Burgess Hannah S. , Ribeiro Paulo S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tissue growth is regulated by many signals, including polarity cues. The Hippo signalling pathway restricts tissue growth and receives inputs from the planar cell polarity-controlling Fat signalling pathway. The atypical cadherin Fat restricts growth via several mechanisms that ultimately control the activity of the pro-growth transcriptional co-activator Yorkie. Fat signalling activates the Yorkie inhibitory kinase Warts, and modulates the function of the FERM protein Expanded, which promotes Hippo signalling and also directly inhibits Yorkie. Although several Fat pathway activity modulators are known to be involved in ubiquitylation, the role of this post-translational modification in the pathway remains unclear. Moreover, no deubiquitylating enzymes have been described in this pathway. Here, using in vivo RNAi screening, we identify the deubiquitylating enzyme Fat facets as a positive regulator of Fat signalling with roles in tissue growth control. Fat facets interacts genetically and physically with Fat signalling components and regulates Yorkie target gene expression. Thus, we uncover a role for reversible ubiquitylation in the control of Fat signalling and tissue growth regulation.
Seasonal variations and risk assessment of microplastic contamination in agricultural soil and associated macroinvertebrates in Egypt
Authors: El-masry Safa M. , Khedre Azza M. , Mustafa Asmaa N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Contamination by microplastics (MPs) has the potential to rank among the world’s most significant environmental issues. Despite the fact that MP contamination is a global problem, little is known about the time variation of MPs in agricultural soil and its faunal communities which represent a key role to risk assessment. This study represents a first field investigation regarding the MP concentrations in agricultural ecosystem in Egypt. Our study investigates the seasonal fluctuations of MPs in soil and its common fauna in a citrus orchard (Citrus sinensis) in Egypt’s Sohag Governorate. Moreover, this work aimed to identify how feeding strategies and body size of the selected fauna affect the no. of MPs ingested. The greatest mean concentration of MPs in soil was observed in summer (664 ± 90.20 items/kg) dry weight. However the lowest was recorded in autumn (354 ± 70.92 items/kg). Aporrectodea caliginosa (earthworms) was more contaminated with MPs (6.84 ± 2.5 item/individual annually) than Anisolabis maritima (earwigs) (2.06 ± 0.86 item/individual annually). When comparing between taxa without considering the size of the organisms, earwigs showed higher MPs concentrations (ranged from 117.93 ± 5.23 to 244.38 ± 4.57 items/gm wet weight) than the earthworms (ranged from 25.62 ± 2.43 to 51.66 ± 4.05 items/gm wet weight). Our results found that blue and red colors were the predominant colors in the soil and the selected fauna. Also, polyester fibers (PES) were the most popular type of microplastics, followed by fractions of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Interestingly, the reduction in the MP particles in the present taxa was observed compared to those in the soil. Pollution load index (PLI) value varied across seasons, with the lowest recorded in autumn due to reduced MPs abundance. The Hazard (H) index indicates a moderate risk (level III) due to high polyester abundance and a low hazard score (4) across all seasons. Our results represent a starting point for further studies on the impact of MPs on soil organisms in various agricultural soils.