bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of insulin poisoning: A 100‐year review
Authors: Moyns Emma J. , Ferner Robin E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundInsulin poisoning, as opposed to hypoglycaemia induced by therapeutic doses of insulin, is rare, and guidelines on management differ. We have reviewed the evidence on treatment of insulin poisoning.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE and J‐Stage with no restrictions of date or language for controlled studies on treatment of insulin poisoning, collected published cases of insulin poisoning from 1923, and used data from the UK National Poisons Information Service.ResultsWe identified no controlled trials of treatment in insulin poisoning and few relevant experimental studies. Case reports described 315 admissions (301 patients) with insulin poisoning between 1923 and 2022. The insulin with the longest duration of action was long‐acting in 83 cases, medium‐acting in 116, short‐acting in 36 and a rapid‐acting analogue in 16. Decontamination by surgical excision of the injection site was reported in six cases. To restore and maintain euglycaemia, almost all cases were treated with glucose, infused for a median 51 hours, interquartile range 16–96 h in 179 cases; 14 patients received glucagon and nine octreotide; adrenaline was tried occasionally. Both corticosteroids and mannitol were occasionally given to mitigate hypoglycaemic brain damage. There were 29 deaths reported, 22/156 (86% survival) up to 1999 and 7/159 (96% survival) between 2000 and 2022 (p = 0.003).ConclusionsThere is no randomized controlled trial to guide treatment of insulin poisoning. Treatment with glucose infusion, sometimes supplemented with glucagon, is almost always effective in restoring euglycaemia, but optimum treatments to maintain euglycaemia and restore cerebral function remain uncertain.
Tuloni Biya and its impact on menstrual health: A qualitative exploration of the menstrual experiences of adolescent girls in Assam
Authors: Dutta Daisy , Chakraborti Chhanda , Mishra Pulak 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMotivationThe status of menstrual health (MH) and hygiene management is very low in India due to a widespread culture of silence and secrecy regarding menstruation but, among the Hindu community in the north‐east state of Assam, the celebration of Tuloni Biya is a significant cultural event that openly celebrates a girl's menarche.PurposeAssuming that this cultural event is indicative of the openness of society towards menstruation, this study explores the cultural celebration of menarche and its various lesser‐known details. It aims to find out the role of this celebration of menarche on adolescent girls' MH preparedness.Methods and approachA qualitative approach is used. In‐depth interviews were conducted with well‐informed community members to gather information on the historical background of this cultural event; interviews with some adolescent girls from the community to learn about their experiences of menstrual management and the impact of Tuloni Biya.FindingsThe main purpose of celebrating Tuloni Biya among the Assamese Hindu community is to announce when a girl reaches puberty because the celebration of the power of fertility gives girls and women the social status of being fertile, which the community regards as worthy of respect. Notwithstanding the lack of silence and secrecy about menstruation, the social taboo and stigma still remain. Assam continues to perform poorly in relation to MH, and the cultural celebration of menarche in Assam does not appear to have any significantly positive impact in this regard.Policy implicationsTuloni Biya could be used as a development tool for bringing constructive changes in MH preparedness in the community, for instance, by celebrating Tuloni Biya (cultural customs and rituals) and the celebration of menstruation (MH education and literacy); through knowledge‐sharing sessions by teachers on the occasion of Tuloni Biya; arranging the gifts of kits for MH management from the Health Ministry of Assam on the occasion of Tuloni Biya; training of mothers by the public health system in how to use the opportunity of Tuloni Biya to equip their daughters with adequate information and guidance on MH.
Association between state ownership participation and the performance of private firms: Evidence from China
Authors: Niu Feng , Zhang Liuzhen , Su Wunhong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe mixed ownership reform aims to improve the performance of firms, which is important for optimizing the overall economic layout and promoting firms to sustainable development. Therefore, an important issue is whether state ownership participation in private firms improves their performance in the context of the mixed ownership reform. This study investigates whether and how state ownership participation affects the performance of private firms using Chinese listed private firms from 2010 to 2020. The results of this study indicate that state ownership participation significantly eliminates the performance of private firms. Further results show that there is a U‐shaped relationship between the mixed ownership model and the performance of private firms. At the same time, firm transparency and financing constraints play a negative moderating role in the relationship between the mixed ownership model and the performance of private firms. The findings of this study enrich the literature on factors influencing the performance of private firms, provide empirical evidence for mixed ownership reforms in China, and further reveal the characteristics of Chinese accounting practices and the logical rules behind the operation of these practices.
Forest and grassland habitats support pollinator diversity more than wildflowers and sunflower monoculture
Authors: Vujanović Dušanka , Losapio Gianalberto , Mészáros Minucsér , Popov Snežana , Markov Ristić Zlata , Mudri Stojnić Sonja , Jović Jelena , Vujić Ante 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Intensively managed agricultural landscapes often lack suitable habitats to support diverse wildlife, particularly harming pollinator communities. Besides mass flowering crops, remnant patches of natural and semi‐natural vegetation may play a key role in maintaining and conserving biodiversity. Yet, the effects of different natural habitats, including forests and grasslands, on different pollinator communities are poorly understood at the landscape scale.
We examined the abundance, richness, and diversity of wild bees and hoverflies, two key pollinator groups, across a land‐use gradient spanning forest edges, grassland, wildflower strips, and sunflower monoculture. We also examined the distribution of hoverfly larvae trophic guilds and wild bee nesting traits across the above‐mentioned land‐use gradient. Finally, we evaluated the impact of landscape structure (forest, grassland, and water cover in the surrounding landscape) on pollinator community composition.
Our results indicate that forest and grassland habitats supported a higher abundance and greater richness of pollinators than wildflower strips and sunflower monocultures. Furthermore, hoverflies were more sensitive to habitat and floristic homogenization than wild bees. Sunflower and wildflower habitats also hosted a lower diversity of larvae trophic guilds and wild bee nesting guilds as compared to forests and grasslands.
Our study suggests that conserving and restoring forest and grassland habitats within agricultural mosaics may serve as the main ‘refuge’ for wild pollinators.
Do long‐lasting effects of epidural polarization of afferent fibres depend on persistent sodium current?
Authors: Kaczmarek Dominik , Jankowska Elzbieta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFew attempts have so far been made to define the mechanisms underlying the hour‐long effects of trans‐spinal stimulation combined with epidural polarization. In the present study, we investigated the potential involvement of non‐inactivating sodium channels in afferent fibres. To this end, riluzole, a blocker of these channels, was administered locally to the dorsal columns close to the site of the excitation of afferent nerve fibres by epidural stimulation in deeply anaesthetized rats in vivo. Riluzole did not prevent the induction of the polarization‐evoked sustained increase in the excitability of dorsal column fibres but tended to weaken it. It likewise weakened but did not abolish the sustained polarization‐evoked shortening of the refractory period of these fibres. These results lead to the conclusion that the persistent sodium current may contribute to the sustained post‐polarization‐evoked effects but is only partly involved in both the induction and the expression of these effects.
Host size selection and progeny sex determination in Hymenoepimecis bicolor (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae)
Authors: Sobczak Jober Fernando , Xavier Gabriel Máximo , Gonzaga Marcelo Oliveira , Penteado‐Dias Angélica Maria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSome hymenopteran parasitoids induce intricate behavioral alterations in their spider hosts. Despite these refined adaptations, the success of their attacks and larval development relies on careful host selection. Large hosts will certainly assure the biomass required for the parasitoid larva to pupate, but the selection of large hosts is constrained by the risks involved in the process of host subduing and immobilization. Temporal oscillations in the availability of hosts within the optimal size range may compose another important component of selection. To investigate these issues, we tested the hypothesis that Hymenoepimecis bicolor consistently attacks, and has the reproduction period synchronized with medium‐sized individuals of its host, the spider Trichonephila clavipes. We observed that (i) medium–small hosts are preferential victims, (ii) the period of oviposition of H. bicolor is synchronized with the availability of host individuals within these size classes, and (iii) these preferences can be strong enough to remain stable, regarding the temporal variation in the availability of the most suitable hosts. We also reported that (iv) parasitoid females destinate unfertilized eggs to small hosts, which produce male larvae. Data on these aspects allowed us to discuss why there is a preference for specific host sizes. The factors involved include the larval demands, the relative size between the adult wasps and spiders, and the capacity of the hosts to acquire food during larval development.
Fatigue life prediction of welded joints based on improved support vector regression model under two‐level loading
Authors: Zou Li , Yang Yibo , Yang Xinhua , Sun Yibo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo meet the lightweight needs of modern machinery equipment, welded structure is widely used in practical engineering. During the service period, the welded structure is often subjected to multilevel variable amplitude loading, and fatigue failure is easy to occur. Due to the complexity and stochasticity of fatigue process, the traditional life prediction models cannot meet the demand of practical engineering. In this work, a novel prediction model based on the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) together with the support vector regression (SVR), namely, a WOA‐SVR model, is established. It combines the advantages of WOA and SVR for global searching optimization and high prediction accuracy dealing with small sample size. By taking into account the sequence of loadings and the interaction effect between loadings, the proposed WOA‐SVR model could overcome the deficiencies and shortcomings in existing models. Experiment results show that WOR‐SVR has better prediction performance than five models.
Climate warming alters the relative importance of plant root and microbial community in regulating the accumulation of soil microbial necromass carbon in a Tibetan alpine meadow
Authors: Cai Mengke , Zhao Guang , Zhao Bo , Cong Nan , Zheng Zhoutao , Zhu Juntao , Duan Xiaoqing , Zhang Yangjian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClimate warming is predicted to considerably affect variations in soil organic carbon (SOC), especially in alpine ecosystems. Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is an important contributor to stable soil organic carbon pools. However, accumulation and persistence of soil MNC across a gradient of warming are still poorly understood. An 8‐year field experiment with four levels of warming was conducted in a Tibetan meadow. We found that low‐level (+0–1.5°C) warming mostly enhanced bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), fungal necromass carbon (FNC), and total MNC compared with control treatment across soil layers, while no significant effect was caused between high‐level (+1.5–2.5°C) treatments and control treatments. The contributions of both MNC and BNC to soil organic carbon were not significantly affected by warming treatments across depths. Structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated that the effect of plant root traits on MNC persistence strengthened with warming intensity, while the influence of microbial community characteristics waned along strengthened warming. Overall, our study provides novel evidence that the major determinants of MNC production and stabilization may vary with warming magnitude in alpine meadows. This finding is critical for updating our knowledge on soil carbon storage in response to climate warming.
Clinical evaluation of paraprobiotic‐associatedBifidobacterium lactisCCT 7858 anti‐dandruff shampoo efficacy: A randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: de Jesus Gabriel Fernandes Alves , Rossetto Marina Piola , Voytena Ana , Feder Bianca , Borges Heloisa , da Costa Borges Gabriel , Feuser Zoé Paulina , Dal‐Bó Silvia , Michels Monique 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe microbiome plays an important role in a wide variety of skin disorders. Hence, dysbiosis in the skin and/or gut microbiome is associated with an altered immune response, promoting the development of skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris and dandruff. Studies have shown that paraprobiotics may be promising for the treatment of skin disorders through microbiota modulation and immunomodulation. So, the objective is to develop an anti‐dandruff formulation using a paraprobiotic (Neoimuno) as active ingredient.MethodsRandomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial was performed in patients who had any degree of dandruff. A total of 33 volunteers were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: placebo or treated. (1% Neoimuno). The ingredient used was Neoimuno (Bifidobacterium lactis strain CCT 7858). Combability analysis and perception questionnaire were applied before and after treatment. Statistical analyses were performed.ResultsNo adverse effects were reported by patients throughout the study. Through the combability analysis, a significant decrease in the number of particles was verified after 28 days of shampoo use. Regarding perception, there was a significant difference for the cleaning variables and improvement of the general appearance 28 days after the intervention. There were no significant differences for the itching and scaling parameters, as well as the perception parameters at 14 days.DiscussionTopical application of the paraprobiotic shampoo containing 1% Neoimuno was able to significantly improve the feeling of cleanliness and general aspects of dandruff, in addition to reducing scalp flakiness. Thus, with the results obtained through the clinical trial, Neoimuno presents itself as a natural, safe and effective ingredient in the treatment of dandruff. The efficacy of Neoimuno in dandruff was visible within 4 weeks.
The root canal microbiome diversity and function. A whole‐metagenome shotgun analysis
Authors: Ordinola‐Zapata Ronald , Costalonga Massimo , Dietz Matthew , Lima Bruno P. , Staley Christopher 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the root canal microbiome composition and bacterial functional capability in cases of primary and secondary apical periodontitis utilizing whole‐metagenome shotgun sequencing.MethodologyTwenty‐two samples from patients with primary root canal infections, and 18 samples obtained from previously treated teeth currently diagnosed with apical periodontitis were analysed with whole‐metagenome shotgun sequencing at a depth of 20 M reads. Taxonomic and functional gene annotations were made using MetaPhlAn3 and HUMAnN3 software. The Shannon and Chao1 indices were utilized to measure alpha diversity. Differences in community composition were evaluated utilizing analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) using Bray‐Curtis dissimilarities. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare differences in taxa and functional genes.ResultsMicrobial community variations within a community were significantly lower in secondary relative to primary infections (alpha diversity p = .001). Community composition was significantly different in primary versus secondary infection (R = .11, p = .005). The predominant taxa observed among samples (>2.5%) were Pseudopropionibacterium propionicum, Prevotella oris, Eubacterium infirmum, Tannerella forsythia, Atopobium rimae, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Bacteroidetes bacterium oral taxon 272, Parvimonas micra, Olsenella profusa, Streptococcus anginosus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eubacterium brachy and Solobacterium moorei. The Wilcoxon rank test revealed no significant differences in relative abundances of functional genes in both groups. Genes with greater relative abundances (top 25) were associated with genetic, signalling and cellular processes including the iron and peptide/nickel transport system. Numerous genes encoding toxins were identified: exfoliative toxin, haemolysins, thiol‐activated cytolysin, phospholipase C, cAMP factor, sialidase, and hyaluronic glucosaminidase.ConclusionsDespite taxonomic differences between primary and secondary apical periodontitis, the functional capability of the microbiomes was similar.
Molecular characterization and prognosis of mutant TP53 acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts
Authors: Shen Kai , Hu De‐Yuan , Zhang Zhi‐Bo , Guo Yu‐Sha , Zhang Feng‐Hong , Chen Su‐Ning 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionMyeloid tumors typically harbor TP53 mutations, which are linked to a dismal prognosis. There are fewer studies on whether TP53‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts (MDS‐EB) differ in molecular characteristics and should be considered as separate entities.MethodsBetween January 2016 and December 2021, a retrospective analysis was done on a total of 73 newly diagnosed AML patients and 61 MDS‐EB patients from the first affiliated hospital of Soochow University. We described a survival profile and a thorough characterization of newly found TP53‐mutant AML and MDS‐EB and investigated the relationship between these characteristics and overall survival (OS).Results38 (31.1%) were mono‐allelic, and 84 (68.9%) were bi‐allelic. There is no significant difference between TP53‐mutated AML and MDS‐EB (median OS 12.9 verse 14.4 months; p = .558). Better overall survival was linked to mono‐allelic TP53 than bi‐allelic TP53(HR = 3.030, CI:1.714–5.354, p < .001). However, the number of TP53 mutations and comutations were not significantly associated with OS. TP53 variant allele frequency cutoff of 50% is significant correlation with OS (HR: 2.177, 95% CI: 1.142–4.148; p = .0063).ConclusionOur data revealed that allele status and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant independently affect the prognostic of AML and MDS‐EB patients, with a concordance of molecular features and survival between these two disease entities. Our analysis favors considering TP53‐mutated AML/MDS‐EB as a distinct disorder.
RETRACTED: A meta‐analysis of the effect of different body mass index on surgical wound infection after colorectal surgery
Authors: Liu Jiang , Li Gang , Chen Zhiliang , Jiang Huafeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe conducted a meta‐analysis to assess the effect of different body mass index on surgical wound infection after colorectal surgery. A systematic literature search up to November 2022 was performed and 2349 related studies were evaluated. The chosen studies comprised 15 595 colorectal surgery subjects participated in the selected studies' baseline trials; 4390 of them were obese according to the selected body mass index cut‐off used to measure obesity in the selected studies, while 11 205 were nonobese. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of different body mass index on wound infection after colorectal surgery by the dichotomous methods with a random or fixed effect model. The body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 resulted in significantly higher surgical wound infection after colorectal surgery (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.46–2.11, P < .001) compared with the body mass index <30 kg/m2. The body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 resulted in significantly higher surgical wound infection after colorectal surgery (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.40–1.92, P < .001) compared with the body mass index <25 kg/m2. The subjects with higher body mass index had a significantly higher surgical wound infection after colorectal surgery compared with the subjects with normal body mass index.
RETRACTED: Effects of non‐pharmacological interventions on pain intensity of children with burns: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Farzan Ramyar , Parvizi Arman , Haddadi Soudabeh , Sadeh Tabarian Mansooreh , Jamshidbeigi Amirreza , Samidoust Pirouz , Ghorbani Vajargah Pooyan , Mollaei Amirabbas , Takasi Poorya , Karkhah Samad , Firooz Mahbobeh , Hosseini Seyed Javad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPain is one of the complications associated with burns, which can lead to anxiety and sleeplessness in children. Various studies evaluated the effects of non‐pharmacological interventions on burn wound care. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of non‐pharmacological interventions on pain intensity of children with burns. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in various international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as ‘Non‐pharmacological’, ‘Virtual reality’, ‘Pain’, ‘Burn’, ‘Wound’ and ‘Child’ from the earliest to December 1, 2022. The risk of bias in the final articles was also assessed with the Version 2 of the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomised trials (RoB 2). Finally, a total of 1005 burn patients were included in 19 studies. The age range of the patients was from 0.5 to 19 years. Of the participants, 50.05% were in the intervention group. All studies had a randomised clinical trial design. The results found that non‐pharmacological interventions significantly reduced pain intensity in children (ES: −0.73, 95% CI: −1.08 to −0.38, Z = 4.09, I2:79.8, P < .001). Virtual reality (VR) (ES: −0.54, 95% CI: −1.19 to −0.18, Z = 2.90, I2:72.9%, P = .004) and non‐VR (ES: ‐0.86, 95% CI: −1.45 to −0.27, Z = 2.86, I2:91.4%, P = .04) interventions decreased pain intensity significantly in children based sub‐group analysis. Non‐pharmacological interventions significantly reduced the pain intensity of dressing removal (ES: −0.77, 95% CI: −1.34 to −0.20, Z = 66.3, I2:91.8%, P = .008), dressing application (ES: −0.53, 95% CI: −0.97 to −0.09, Z = 2.37, I2:60.8%, P = .02), and physical therapy (ES: −1.18, 95% CI: −2.10 to −0.26, Z = 2.51, I2:88.0%, P = .01). Also, interventions reduced the pain of burn wound care (ES: −0.29, 95% CI: −1.01 to 0.44, Z = 0.78, I2:72.6%, P = .43), but it was statistically insignificant. In sum, the result of the present study indicated that using non‐pharmacological interventions significantly reduced pain intensity in children. The reduction of pain intensity was greater in non‐VR than in VR interventions. Future studies should focus on comparing VR interventions with non‐VR and single versus multi‐modal distraction to clarify the effectiveness of each.