bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta analysis on burnout in physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic: A hidden healthcare crisis
Authors: Macaron Marie Michele , Segun-Omosehin Omotayo Ayomide , Matar Reem H. , Beran Azizullah , Nakanishi Hayato , Than Christian A. , Abulseoud Osama A. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore overall prevalence of burnout among physicians during early and late COVID-19 pandemic and geographical differences in burnout.MethodsThis review was registered prospectively with PROSPERO (CRD42022327959). A comprehensive search of several databases, including Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process &amp; Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily, Ovid Embase, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO, and Scopus, spanning from December 2019 to May 2022 was conducted. Eligible studies included physicians or medical professionals including physicians that worked directly or indirectly with COVID-19 patients, whilst reporting burnout outcomes using a validated scale. Literature that did not include physicians or did not occur in a hospital setting were excluded. Literature including medical students were also excluded.ResultsForty-five observational studies were included, all of which were cross-sectional studies. The pooled estimate of overall prevalence of burnout was 54.60% (95% CI: 46.7, 62.2). Mean emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment was found to be 22.06% (95% CI: 18.19, 25.94), 8.72 (95% CI: 6.48, 10.95) and 31.18 (95% CI: 27.33, 35.03) respectively. Frontline workers displayed higher rates of burnout than second-line healthcare workers (HCW) (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.37). Studies from the early pandemic period reported burnout prevalence of 60.7% (95% CI: 48.2, 72) compared to a prevalence of 49.3% (95% CI: 37.7, 60.9) from the late pandemic period. Geographically, burnout was highest amongst Middle East and North Africa (MENA) studies (66.6%, 95% CI: 54.7, 78.5), followed by Europe (48.8%, 95% CI: 40.3, 57.3) and then South America (42%, 95% CI: –0.4, 84.4). Lastly, burnout prevalence overall (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.67) emotional exhaustion (MD = –0.36, 95% CI: –4.64, 3.91), depersonalization (MD = –0.31, 95% CI: –1.80, 1.18), and personal accomplishment (MD = 0.55, 95% CI: –0.73, 1.83) were found comparable between physicians and nurses.ConclusionCOVID-19 has had significant consequences on HCW burnout. Further research is needed to examine early signs of burnout and to develop effective coping strategies.
Development and implementation of the ECHO model in a school setting to address youth electronic cigarette use in Kansas: A protocol
Authors: Leavens Eleanor L. S. , Roberts Jordan , Faseru Babalola , Thompson Mark , Denes-Collar Karin , Shah Hina 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionSchools remain at the frontlines of addressing issues, such as e-cigarette use, that impact students. Despite e-cigarette use remaining a significant public health concern in the U.S., schools have limited resources (e.g., staff, capacity, programming) to address it, especially in rural and frontier areas. This ECHO Pilot Project aimed to build capacity and equip schools and school staff in the state of Kansas to address high rates of youth e-cigarette use by providing prevention support and information on best practices for e-cigarette cessation.Methods and analysisThe pilot used the established Project ECHO model to disseminate evidence-based strategies for e-cigarette prevention and cessation among youth to schools across Kansas. The pilot selected 20 interdisciplinary school teams representing both rural and urban middle and high schools across the state to participate in seven ECHO sessions. ECHO sessions proceeded throughout Fall 2021, with the final session in Spring 2022. School participants completed pre-post surveys as well as component-specific surveys following each ECHO session. In addition, each school team created an individualized action plan to comprehensively address e-cigarette use at their school based on the information provided throughout the ECHO. Survey data, school tobacco/nicotine policies, and action plans will be analyzed to assess process and final outcomes.DiscussionIf successful, this pilot will demonstrate that the ECHO model is an effective platform for building school staff knowledge and skills to implement evidence-based strategies in both urban and rural settings. It is anticipated that the pilot will build capacity and equip schools and school staff to address high rates of youth e-cigarette use by providing support for school-based prevention programs and referrals for e-cigarette cessation which will lessen the burden of nicotine-related problems in Kansas schools and communities. Finally, the pilot will provide evidence that the ECHO model can be successfully and equitably applied in a school setting and may be a viable method for addressing other public health-related issues faced by schools.
COVID-19 risk, attitudes and behaviour study (CRAB study): A knowledge, attitudes, and practise qualitative study of COVID-19 in the Royal Navy
Authors: Woolley Stephen D. , Chambers Robert , Bishop Jonathan R. B. , Logan Amy , McMillan Peter , Fletcher Thomas E. , Taegtmeyer Miriam , O'Shea Matthew K. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionOutbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 onboard maritime platforms spread rapidly and have high attack rates. The aim of the COVID-19 Risk, Attitudes and Behaviour (CRAB) study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practises in the Royal Navy in relation to COVID-19 prevention.MethodsThe CRAB study was a cross-sectional survey, using a census sampling method, conducted in May and June 2021. An online questionnaire was distributed to all serving Royal Navy regular personnel using either the MyNavy application or via a QR code through email for a continuous 14 day period. The questionnaire was based on an existing validated questionnaire used for avian influenza epidemics. Questions investigated individual perceptions of COVID-19 seriousness, compliance with prevention methods, explored vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy (unvaccinated individuals who declined or were unsure about receiving a COVID-19 vaccine). The chi-squared test of best fit was used to compare the demographic responses against the whole organisation, with p-value &lt; 0.05 deemed significant. Odds ratios were used to investigate associations between demographic groups and responses to questions, with an odds ratio crossing 1.0 deemed non-significant.ResultsThe response rate was 6% (2,080/33,200), with 315 responses collated in the pilot phase and 1,765 in the main study phase. Male participants were less likely to rate COVID-19 as serious (OR 0.34; 95% CI: 0.23–0.49). BAME ethnicity (OR 2.41; 95% CI: 1.12–5.17) rated it as more serious. At the time of the study 62% of respondents had received one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. In the 797 unvaccinated personnel, vaccine hesitancy accounted for 24.2% (193/797), of whom 136 were white males. Those who had a higher COVID-19 serious rating, the most significant factor for non-adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures in both vaccinated (OR 1.61 [95%CI: 1.20–2.17]) and vaccine-hesitant (OR 3.24 [95%CI: 1.63–6.41]) individuals was colleagues' non-adherence. The most trusted source of information on vaccines was provided by the Defence Medical Services (77.2% [1,606/2,080]).ConclusionThis study has identified reasons for COVID-19 protective measure adherence, sources of information trusted by respondents and vaccine hesitancy, in the Royal Navy. The questionnaire can be used to investigate attitudes and behaviours in future emerging infectious diseases.
Associations between neighborhood environment and sense of community belonging in urban China: Examining mediation effects of neighborly interactions and community satisfaction
Authors: Du Yang , Jiang Huaxiong , Huang Zhuo , Yang Haoran 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionImproving sense of community belonging (SCB) would help people live longer, happier lives. Although the importance of neighborhood environment on SCB is stressed in the literature, few studies have paid attention to perceived environment, as well as consider mediation effects such as neighborhood social interactions and place satisfaction.MethodsRelied on a sample of 1051 respondents in Shanghai in 2018, this study investigates the associations between both objective and perceived neighborhood environment attributes and SCB in urban China, mediated by neighborly interactions and community satisfaction using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe results suggest that the influence of perceived neighborhood environment on SCB is more prominent than that of objective neighborhood environment. In detail, perceived pedestrian facilities and perceived leisure facilities are vital to SCB, while among objective neighborhood environmental elements, the influence of land use entropy, park density and street greenery are significant. Then, neighborhood environmental attributes can influence SCB by affecting neighborly interactions and community satisfaction. We also identify gender differences in the effects of neighborhood environment upon SCB.DiscussionGiven increasing awareness of the connection, neighborhood environment may prove to be valuable assets to improve individuals' psychosocial constructs such as SCB.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG following injection of the third dose vaccine: A systematic review with meta-analysis of heterologous versus homologous vaccination
Authors: Mojadadi Mohammad-Shafi , Javadinia Seyed Alireza , Attarian Fahimeh , Samami Elham , Sobhani Mona 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe mass vaccination is a key strategy to prevent and control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Today, several different types of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been developed worldwide. These vaccines are usually administered in a two-dose schedule, and the third dose is currently being administered in most countries. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the immunogenicity of heterologous vs. homologous vaccination after administration of the third dose of COVID-19 vaccines.MethodsElectronic databases and websites including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google scholar were searched for relevant randomized clinical trial (RCT) studies. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of three RCTs were included in the study. These RCTs were included 2,613 healthy adults (18 years or older and without a history of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19) with 15 heterologous and five homologous prime-boost vaccination regimens. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike IgG levels at day 28 after administration of the third dose, were compared between the heterologous and homologous regimens.ResultsThe highest antibody responses had been reported for the homologous vaccination regimen of m1273/m1273/m1273 (Moderna), followed by the heterologous regimen of BNT/BNT/m1273. In addition, the immunogenicity of viral vector and inactivated vaccines was remarkably enhanced when they had been boosted by a heterologous vaccine, especially mRNA vaccines.ConclusionThis systematic review suggests that mRNA vaccines in a homologous regimen induce strong antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 compared to other vaccine platforms. In contrast, viral vector and inactivated vaccines show a satisfactory immunogenicity in a heterologous regimen, especially in combination with mRNA vaccines.
Neutral winds from mesosphere to thermosphere—past, present, and future outlook
Authors: Dhadly Manbharat , Sassi Fabrizio , Emmert John , Drob Douglas , Conde Mark , Wu Qian , Makela Jonathan , Budzien Scott , Nicholas Andy 
Published: January 2023

The Earth’s upper atmosphere (85–550 km) is the nearest region of geospace and is highly dynamic in nature. Neutral winds impact a large portion of the dynamics in this region. They play a critical role in determining the state of the ionosphere-thermosphere system at almost all latitudes and altitudes. Their influences range from wave breaking/dissipation in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere to global redistribution of energy and momentum deposited at high latitudes by the magnetosphere. Despite their known importance, global geospace neutral winds have remained one of the least sampled state parameters of the Earth’s upper atmosphere and are still poorly characterized even after multiple decades of observations. This paper presents an overview of historical neutral wind measurements and the critical need for their global height-resolved measurements. Some satellite missions are still operational and deliver valuable information on the contribution of neutral winds in global atmospheric dynamics. However, many significant gaps remain in their global monitoring, and our current understanding of the drivers of neutral winds is incomplete. We discuss the challenges posed by these measurement gaps in understanding geospace physics and weather. Further, we propose some wind observation solutions, including the simultaneous operations of upcoming NASA DYNAMIC and GDC missions as well as support for the development of ground-based observing methodologies, that will lead to fundamental advances in geospace science and address humanity’s emerging space needs.
Restructuring surgical training after COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide survey on the Italian scenario on behalf of the Italian polyspecialistic young surgeons society (SPIGC)
Authors: Gallo Gaetano , Guaitoli Eleonora , Barra Fabio , Picciariello Arcangelo , Pasculli Alessandro , Coppola Alessandro , Pertile Davide , Meniconi Roberto Luca ,   SPIGC Surgical Training Working Group
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to the disruption of surgical training. Lack of communication, guidelines for managing clinical activity as well as concerns for safety in the workplace appeared to be relevant issues. This study aims to investigate how surgical training has been reorganized in Italy, almost 2 years after the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsA 16-item-electronic anonymous questionnaire was designed through SurveyMonkey© web application. This survey was composed of different sections concerning demographic characteristics and impacts of the second COVID-19 pandemic wave on surgical and research/didactic activities. Changes applied in the training programme and activities carried out were also investigated. The survey was carried out in the period between June and October 2021.ResultsFour hundred and thirty responses were collected, and 399 were considered eligible to be included in the study analysis. Three hundred and thirty-five respondents continued working in Surgical Units, with a significant reduction (less than one surgical session per week) of surgical sessions in 49.6% of them. With concern to didactic and research activities, 140 residents maintained their usual activity, while 116 reported a reduction. A sub-group analysis on resident moved to COVID-19 departments showed a reduction of research activities in 35% of them. During the period considered in this survey, the surgical training program was not substantially modified for most of participants (74.6%).ConclusionOur survey demonstrated that surgical residency programs haven't improved 2 years after the beginning of the pandemic. Further improvements are needed to guarantee completeness of surgical training, even in emergency conditions.
Two New Phyllopodopsyllus Species (Harpacticoida, Tetragonicipitidae) from Korea
Authors: Kim Jaehyun , Moon Heejin , Bang Hyun Woo , Lee Wonchoel 
Published: January 2023

Three species of the genus Phyllopodopsyllus T. Scott, 1906 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Tetragonicipitidae) were reported from the intertidal sand of Jeju Island and Busan in Korea, Phyllopdopsyllus kitazimai Karanovic, 2017, Phyllopodopsyllus saywakimi sp. nov. and Phyllopodopsyllus similis sp. nov. The latter two were described here. Phyllopodopsyllus saywakimi sp. nov. collected from only Udo, Jeju is similar to a Pacific species from Costa Rica, Phyllopodopsyllus ancylus Mielke, 1992. However, P. saywakimi sp. nov. differs from the Costa Rica species in the body size, the number of armatures on the antenna, the length ratio of endo- and exopod of the mandible, and the chaetotaxy of the fifth female pereiopod and the sixth male pereiopod. The second new species, P. similis sp. nov., found in Busan and several localities of Jeju, significantly resembles the species complex related to Phyllopodopsyllus aegypticus Nicholls, 1944, which is widely distributed in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. P. similis sp. nov. can be distinguished from the P. aegypticus complex by the body size, the shape of the rostrum, the type of armatures, the length ratio of rami and armatures, and the chaetotaxy of the female P5. In addition to the species descriptions, partial fragments of small and large subunit ribosomal RNA genes, cytochrome b, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I were provided. Using molecular markers, a phylogenetic analysis was also performed to estimate the relationships among the three Korean species of Phyllopodopsyllus for the first time.
Evaluation of a Plant-Based Infant Formula Containing Almonds and Buckwheat on Gut Microbiota Composition, Intestine Morphology, Metabolic and Immune Markers in a Neonatal Piglet Model
Authors: Gurung Manoj , Rosa Fernanda , Yelvington Brooke , Terry Nathan , Read Quentin D. , Piccolo Brian D. , Moody Becky , Tripp Patricia , Pittman Hoy E. , Fay Bobby L. , Ross Talyor J. , Sikes James D. , Flowers Jessica B. , Fox Renee , LeRoith Tanya , Talatala Rachelanne , Bar-Yoseph Fabiana , Yeruva Laxmi 
Published: January 2023

A controlled-neonatal piglet trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of a plant-based infant formula containing buckwheat and almonds as the main source of protein compared to a commercially available dairy-based formula on the gut health parameters. Two day old piglets were fed either a plant-based or a dairy-based formula until day 21. Gut microbiome, cytokines, growth and metabolism related outcomes, and intestinal morphology were evaluated to determine the safety of the plant-based infant formula. This study reported that the plant-based formula-fed piglets had a similar intestinal microbiota composition relative to the dairy-based formula-fed group. However, differential abundance of specific microbiota species was detected within each diet group in the small and large intestinal regions and fecal samples. Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus crispatus, and Fusobacterium sp. had higher abundance in the small intestine of plant-based formula-fed piglets compared to the dairy-based group. Bacteroides nordii, Enterococcus sp., Lactobacillus crispatus, Prevotella sp., Ruminococcus lactaris, Bacteroides nordii, Eisenbergiella sp., Lactobacillus crispatus, Prevotella sp., and Akkermansia muciniphila had greater abundance in the large intestine of the plant based diet fed piglets relative to the dairy-based diet group. In the feces, Clostridiales, Bacteroides uniformis, Butyricimonasvirosa, Cloacibacillus porcorum, Clostridium clostridioforme, and Fusobacterium sp. were abundant in dairy-based group relative to the plant-based group. Lachnospiraceae, Clostridium scindens, Lactobacillus coleohominis, and Prevetolla sp. had greater abundance in the feces of the plant-based group in comparison to the dairy-based group. Gut morphology was similar between the plant and the dairy-based formula-fed piglets. Circulatory cytokines, magnesium, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), vitamin D, vitamin K, and IgE levels were similar among all piglets independent of dietary group. Overall, the present study demonstrated that a plant-based formula with buckwheat and almonds as the primary source of protein can support similar gut microbiota growth and health outcomes compared to a dairy-based infant formula.
Entre pratiques et représentations des lieux, quelle identité territoriale ? (le Pays de Serres en Agenais)
Authors: Di Méo Guy , Poissonnier Nicolas 
Published: January 2023

Entre practicas y representaciones de los lugares. ¿ Qué territorialidades para los habitantes del « Pays de Serres » ?
La denominación de « Pays de Serres » procede de las parcelas de la meseta recortada por los afluentes de los ríos Lot y Garonne en la península que forman dichos ríos. Esta zona agrícola se inscribe en las áreas periurbanas de Villeneuve-sur-Lot y de Agen. Su población renovada adopta los modos de vida urbana. Promocionada por una asociación que reúne agricultores y nuevos residentes, la zona no tiene ninguna consistencia política. Aunque es objeto de representaciones sociales que explotan la simbólica de sus paisajes y de sus recursos, aunque se confunde con las prácticas de toda una población, no forma un territorio real. Dicha paradoja plantea el problema de la índole de la territorialidad : sencilla intuición sensible des los lugares o sentimientos de pertenencia más firme a territorios bien delimitados.
La querelle des OGM
Authors: Salomon Jean-Noel 
Published: January 2023

El pleito de los OGM.
Los Organismos Genéticamente Modifi cados (OGM) dividen profundamente tanto a la opinión pública como a los científicos. Unos dan argumentos muy positivos : los OGM permitirían progresos sustanciales tanto en la agricultura como en el área de la salud (a través de la fabricación de medicamentos hechos a partir de plantas modificadas). Estos argumentos se oponen a los que especialmente los ecologistas consideran que los OGM son un gran peligro potencial para los ecosistemas. Pero otros muchos aspectos, menos conocidos, están en juego, como los intereses económicos, incluso políticos, a través de la conquista de los mercados o del arma alimentaria. Lo cierto es que los cultivos de plantas transgénicas están en constante progreso, pese a una opinión pública generalmente hostil. Este artículo trata de desarrollar estos aspectos para ofrecer una base de reflexión y discusiones a los lectores interesados por esta problemática.
La population étrangère en Espagne : quelques éléments d’une géographie changeante
Authors: Domínguez Mujica Josefina , Coll García Arlinda , González Perez Jesus , Sánchez Aguilera Dolores , Neffar López María 
Published: January 2023

Foreign population in spain : elements of a changing geography.
Globalization turned Spain into a center of international mobility because of its late and fast entrance to the group of foreigner-receiving countries. Immigration is one of the factors which have transformed its society : it has modified the population growth rate, recovered the birth rate and slowed down the ageing process. It is no longer a temporary solution to the secondary job market’s manpower deficit, but a factor of economic dynamism. Small and medium cities and the metropolitan borders of bigger ones receive immigrants, and foreign people are replacing the natives in neighbourhoods with low cost housing. The outskirts of tourist areas attract residents from occidental Europe, and many rural zones receive a great number of foreigners.