bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Types and anatomical locations of injuries among mountain bikers and hikers: A systematic review
Authors: Braybrook Paul John , Tohira Hideo , Birnie Tanya , Brink Deon , Finn Judith , Buzzacott Peter 
Published: August 2023

Background
Mountain biking and hiking continue to grow in popularity. With new participants to these sports, it is likely the number of injuries will increase. To assist medical personnel in the management of these patients we attempted to quantify the types and locations of injuries sustained by mountain bikers and hikers. Objective The objective of this systematic review is to identify the type and anatomical location of injuries for both mountain bikers and hikers.

Methods
A systematic search was undertaken using CINAHL, Cochrane, ProQuest, PubMed and Scopus databases. Reviewers assessed the eligibility of articles by a title/abstract review and final full-text review. Studies were included if the types of injuries were reported by medical personnel and contained anatomical locations. Studies were excluded if it did not take place on a trail or if the injuries were self-reported. Risk of bias was assessed utilising the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists for study quality. No meta-analysis or comparison between mountain bikers and hikers was possible due to the high heterogeneity of the definition of injury.

Results
A total of 24 studies met the inclusion criteria, 17 covering mountain biking and 7 hiking. This represented 220,935 injured mountain bikers and 17,757 injured hikers. The most common type of injuries sustained by mountain bikers included contusions, abrasions and minor lacerations, which made up between 45–74% of reported injuries in studies on competitive racing and 8–67% in non-competitive studies. Fractures represented between 1.5–43% of all reported injuries. The most injured region was the upper limbs reported in 10 of 17 studies. For hikers the most common injuries included blisters and ankle sprains with blisters representing 8–33% of all reported injuries. The most common body location to be injured by hikers was a lower limb in all 7 studies.

Conclusions
This is the first systematic review to report on the injury epidemiology of the two most common trail users; mountain bikers and hikers. For participants in both activities the majority of injuries were of minor severity. Despite this, the high proportions of upper limb fractures in mountain bikers and ankle sprains in hikers cannot be ignored.

Trial registration
Registration: This systematic review was prospectively registered with the University of York PROSPERO database on the 12/4/2021 (CRD42021229623) https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021229623.
PrEP uptake and early persistence among adolescent girls and young women receiving services via community and hybrid community-clinic models in Namibia
Authors: Barnabee Gena , Billah Idel , Ndeikemona Lylie , Silas Lukas , Ensminger Alison , MacLachlan Ellen , Korn Abigail K. , Mawire Susan , Fischer-Walker Christa , Ashipala Laimi , Forster Norbert , O’Malley Gabrielle , Velloza Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAdolescent girls and young women (AGYW) face barriers in accessing clinic-based HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) services and community-based models are a proposed alternative. Evidence from such models, however, is limited. We evaluated PrEP service coverage, uptake, and early persistence among AGYW receiving services through community and hybrid models in Namibia.MethodsWe analyzed routine data for AGYW aged 15–24 who initiated PrEP within HIV prevention programming. PrEP was delivered via three models: community-concierge (fully community-based services with individually-tailored refill locations), community-fixed (community-based initiation and refills delivered by community providers on a set schedule at fixed sites), and hybrid community-clinic (community-based initiation and referral to clinics for refills delivered by clinic providers). We examined proportions of AGYW engaged in services along a programmatic PrEP cascade, overall and by model, and assessed factors associated with PrEP uptake and early persistence (refill within 15–44 days after initiation) using multivariable generalized estimating equations.ResultsOver 10-months, 7593 AGYW participated in HIV prevention programming. Of these, 7516 (99.0%) received PrEP education, 6105 (81.2%) received HIV testing services, 6035 (98.9%) tested HIV-negative, and 2225 (36.9%) initiated PrEP. Of the 2047 AGYW expected for PrEP refill during the study period, 254 (12.4%) persisted with PrEP one-month after initiation. Structural and behavioral HIV risk factors including early school dropout, food insecurity, inconsistent condom use, and transactional sex were associated with PrEP uptake. AGYW who delayed starting PrEP were 2.89 times more likely to persist (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52–5.46) and those receiving services via the community-concierge model were 8.7 times (95% CI: 5.44–13.9) more likely to persist (compared to the hybrid model).ConclusionCommunity-based models of PrEP service delivery to AGYW can achieve high PrEP education and HIV testing coverage and moderate PrEP uptake. AGYW-centered approaches to delivering PrEP refills can promote higher persistence.
Building an ecological momentary assessment smartphone app for 4- to 10-year-old children: A pilot study
Authors: Milojevich Helen M. , Stickel Daniel , Swingler Margaret M. , Zhang Xinyi , Terrell Jeffery , Sheridan Margaret A. , Tan Xianming 
Published: August 2023

Objective
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) minimizes recall burden and maximizes ecological validity and has emerged as a valuable tool to characterize individual differences, assess contextual associations, and document temporal associations. However, EMA has yet to be reliably utilized in young children, in part due to concerns about responder reliability and limited compliance. The present study addressed these concerns by building a developmentally appropriate EMA smartphone app and testing the app for feasibility and usability with young children ages 4–10 (N = 20; m age = 7.7, SD = 2.0).

Methods
To pilot test the app, children completed an 11-item survey about their mood and behavior twice a day for 14 days. Parents also completed brief surveys twice a day to allow for parent-child comparisons of responses. Finally, at the end of the two weeks, parents provided user feedback on the smartphone app.

Results
Results indicated a high response rate (nearly 90%) across child surveys and high agreement between parents and children ranging from 0.89–0.97.

Conclusions
Overall, findings suggest that this developmentally appropriate EMA smartphone app is a reliable and valid tool for collecting in-the-moment data from young children outside of a laboratory setting.
Differences in coagulation-relevant parameters: Comparing cryoprecipitate and a human fibrinogen concentrate
Authors: Stanford Sophia , Roy Ashok , Cecil Tom , Hegener Oliver , Schulz Petra , Turaj Anna , Lim Sean , Arbuthnot Emily 
Published: August 2023

Background
Variable fibrinogen content within cryoprecipitate makes accurate dosing challenging in patients with coagulopathic bleeding, in addition to pathogen transmission risks associated with its administration. Purified and standardized human fibrinogen concentrates (HFCs) represent reliable alternatives. Full cryoprecipitate characterization is required to inform selection of an appropriate fibrinogen source for supplementation therapy.

Methods
Extended biochemical comparison of pooled cryoprecipitate and HFC (Fibryga, Octapharma) was performed using commercially available assays to determine levels of variability in cryoprecipitate and HFC. In addition to standard procoagulant factors, measurements included activities of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) and plasminogen, and levels of fibrin degradation products.

Results
Cryoprecipitate contains lower fibrinogen levels than HFC (4.83 vs.19.73 g/L; p<0.001), translating to approximately half the amount of fibrinogen per standard cryoprecipitate dose (two pools, pre-pooled from five donations each) vs. HFC (2.14 vs. 3.95 g; p<0.001). Factor XIII (FXIII) levels were also lower in cryoprecipitate vs. HFC (192.17 vs. 328.33 IU/dL; p = 0.002). Levels of procoagulants in cryoprecipitate, such as von Willebrand Factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII), were highly variable, as was PMP activity. A standard cryoprecipitate dose contains significantly higher levels of measured plasminogen and D-dimer fragments than a standard HFC dose.

Conclusion
The tested HFC is a more reliable fibrinogen and FXIII source for accurate dosing compared with cryoprecipitate. Cryoprecipitate appears considerably less predictable for bleeding management due to wide variation in pro- and anticoagulation factors, the presence of PMPs, and the potential to elevate VWF and FVIII to prothrombotic levels.
Staged Embankment Construction in Geotechnical Centrifuges
Authors: Liu Hongyang , Luo Qiang , Wang Tengfei , Jiang Liangwei , Yang Hongsheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study develops a novel apparatus to simulate the staged, automatic construction of embankments in geotechnical centrifuges with improved measurement accuracy. Modular test equipment was designed to incorporate the functionality of controllable and precise sand release; its structural components include a box-like sand storage module, a push-pull sand release module, and a stepper motor control module. Emphasis was placed on the design of segmented deflectors, the angles of which were derived with rigorous mathematical analysis to mitigate the Coriolis effect on falling sand. Calibration tests demonstrate that the post-construction embankment geometry approximates its target shape with a relative error of 0.72 to 7.37 % in different construction phases at an acceleration of 60 g. A trial was conducted on a staged embankment over the deformable ground, and the displacement of this system was monitored and characterized by tracking reflective marker technology. The results indicate that the proposed method is effective and reflects real-life situations.
MODERNIDADE LÍQUIDA E PERSPECTIVAS FILOSÓFICAS DA DIFERENÇA NO CAMPO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Monteiro Mary , Moura Queiroz Simone 
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho, referenciado sobretudo em Balman (1995; 1999; 2007; 2011), enfatiza a atual modernidade, como um ciclo, cujas expectativas humanas são alvo de atuação do mercado de consumo. Tais expectativas e atuação remetem ao modelo ideal de conquistas insaciáveis e contínuas, reverberando importantes influências emocionais, sociais e educacionais. Nesse processo, mercado, política e cultura, unem-se, ganhando legitimidade para atuar na educação. Segue-se, pois, uma lógica conflitante com o ato educativo, trazendo implicações éticas para a educação e a docência. Partindo desse pressuposto, objetivamos nesse ensaio teórico situar a modernidade social, política e econômica no atual contexto educacional e docente, refletindo questões ético-filosóficas nesse campo de atuação. As perspectivas filosóficas da diferença, discutidas, estão embasadas, principalmente em Deleuze e Guattari (1995) Foucault (1999; 2004; 2010), Gallo (2000; 2008) Larrosa (2002) e Queiroz (2019), como possibilidades singulares de resistência e respeito às multiplicidades humanas, ao ato de educar e de viver. Conforme as teorias relacionadas, desconstrói-se a visão una de docentes, discentes e processos de ensino e aprendizagem, entendendo-se a importância de que a batalha diária docente, indique à busca das próprias verdades, dos próprios caminhos, do cuidado de si, ao tempo em que estimule os discentes na busca de uma constituição ética de si.
QUALITY OF LIFE FACTORS FOR YOUNG ATHLETES / FAKTORI KVALITETE ŽIVOTA MLADIH SPORTAŠA
Authors: Lorger Marija , Mraković Snježana , Hraski Marijana 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to define the structure of the quality of life of young athletes. The study was conducted on a sample of 343 young athletes (both gender), average age 15.1 years in Zagreb. The quality of life of the participants in this study was estimated using the Croatian version of the Questionnaire of quality of life for children and adolescents The Kidscreen Questionnaire (The Kidscreen Group Europe, 2006), (Lorger, 2011). The construct quality of life, which is estimated by the questionnaire, includes monitoring the quality of life through elements of physical, emotional, social, and behavioural well-being. Descriptive statistic was calculated, and psychometric characteristics of the Croatian version of The Kidscreen - 52 questionnaire were tested. To determine the factor structure, the component model was chosen with extracting principal components for the Guttman–Kaiser criterion (GK criterion). Eleven factors for the quality of life were extracted representing hypothetical dimensions of the quality of life, related to the psychological well-being, family and home life, relationships with friends, bullying, use of free time, physical well-being, school environment, self-perception, money, unpleasant emotions and moods, and hanging out with friends.Key words: factor analysis, young athletes, quality of life, questionnaire The Kidscreen-52-----SAŽETAKSvrha istraživanja bila je definiranje strukture kvalitete života mladih sportaša. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 343 mlada sportaša (oba spola), prosječne dobi 15.1 godina u gradu Zagrebu. Kvaliteta života sudionika ovog istraživanja procijenjena je pomoću hrvatske verzije Upitnika kvalitete života za djecu i adolescente The Kidscreen Questionnaire (The Kidscreen Group Europe, 2006), (Lorger, 2011). Konstrukt kvalitete života, koji se procjenjuje ovim upitnikom uključuje promatranje kvalitete života kroz elemente tjelesne, emocionalne, socijalne i bihevioralne dobrobiti. Deskriptivnim statističkim metodama izračunati su deskriptivni parametri, te je izvršena provjera metrijskih karakteristika hrvatske verzije The Kidscreen - 52 upitnika. Za određivanje faktorske strukture izabran je komponentni model s ekstrakcijom glavnih komponenti po Guttman – Kaiserovom kriteriju (GK kriterij). Izlučeno je 11 faktora kvalitete života mladih sportaša koji predstavljaju jedanaest hipotetskih dimenzija kvalitete života, a odnose se na psihološku dobrobit, obiteljsko okruženje, odnose s prijateljima, nasilje među mladima, korištenje slobodnog vremena, tjelesnu dobrobit, zadovoljstvo školom, samopoimanje, novčane resurse, neugodne emocije i raspoloženja, te na druženje s prijateljima. Ključne riječi: faktorska analiza, mladi sportaši, kvaliteta života, upitnik The Kidscreen-52
Do Prospective Physical Education Teachers Really Want To Be Physical Education Teachers? / Žele li budući učitelji tjelesnog odgoja uistinu postati učitelji tjelesnog odgoja?
Authors: Ünlü Hüseyin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to determine the attitudes of prospective physical education teachers to the physical education teaching profession in relation to their gender, year of study, type of high school graduated from and family income. The population of the study was comprised of 696 prospective physical education teachers. The instrument used in the study was the "Attitude Scale for the Profession of Physical Education Teaching". While data analysis was used for descriptive statistics, independent t-test was used for the comparison in relation to gender of the participants. In addition to the comparison between the year of study they attended, the high schools the participants had graduated from and their family incomes were analyzed using one-way variance analysis (ANOVA). A post-hoc (Tukey) test was used in order to identify the source of differences (source of variance) that emerged. It was found that prospective physical education teachers had a mid-level attitude towards the physical education teaching profession. In addition, significant differences were found between genders, years of study, high schools the participants graduated from and family incomes of the participants.Key words: attitudes; physical education teaching profession; physical educator; teaching profession. --- SažetakSvrha ovoga istraživanja bila je istražiti stavove budućih učitelja tjelesnog odgoja prema zanimanju učitelja tjelesnoga odgoja s obzirom na njihov spol, godinu studija, tip srednje škole koju su završili i obiteljska primanja. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 696 budućih učitelja tjelesnog odgoja. Upotrijebljena je „Skala stavova prema zanimanju učitelja tjelesnog odgoja". Dok je analiza podataka upotrijebljena za deskriptivnu statistiku, t-test za nezavisne uzorke upotrijebljen je za usporedbu u odnosu na spol. Osim usporedbe između ispitanika na temelju godine studija, stavovi ispitanika uspoređeni su i s obzirom na srednje škole koje su završili te s obzirom na primanja njihovih obitelji. Upotrijebljena je jednosmjerna analiza varijance (ANOVA). Post hoc test (Tukey) napravljen je da bi se utvrdili razlozi pronađenih razlika (varijance). Pokazalo se da su budući učitelji tjelesnog odgoja imali srednji stav (ni pozitivan, ni negativan) prema zanimanju učitelja tjelesnoga odgoja. Pronađene su važne razlike s obzirom na spol, godinu studija, srednju školu koju su ispitanici završili i primanja njihovih obitelji. Ključne riječi: stavovi; zanimanje učitelja tjelesnoga odgoja; učitelj tjelesnoga odgoja; zanimanje učitelja
Physiological Responses in Male and Female 400m Sprinters / Fiziološke reakcije muških i ženskih sprintera na 400m
Authors: Plevnik Matej , Vučetić Vlatko , Sporiš Goran , Fiorentini Fredi , Milanović Zoran , Miškulin Mladen 
Published: August 2023

The primary objective of this study was to determine the differences between male and female athletes competing in the 400m running event, in the parameters for the assessment of not only aerobic and anaerobic energy capacity but also other physiological parameters. Trained 400m (14 male and 14 female) track athletes volunteered to take part in this study. All subjects performed an incremental treadmill test (1 km/h speed increase per minute, 1.5% gradient). The parameters FVC and FEV1S in the male athletes were of higher values than in the female athletes, while there were no significant differences in FEV1S%. A statistically significant difference was found in the parameters for the assessment of aerobic energy capacity in favour of male athletes. Significantly higher values of anaerobic capacity were found in male sprinters (5.7 km/h) compared to female sprinters (4.5 km/h). In other physiological parameters such as HRmax values and HR at VT there were no statistically significant differences. It can be concluded that it is necessary to determine whether there are differences in these parameters between male and female sprinters which will result in a more organized plan for the collective training process. Studies like this can help coaches develop athletes’ performance according to their abilities.Key words: athletes; metabolic differences; ventilation----Primarni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi razlike između muških i ženskih atletičara koji se natječu u trčanju na 400 m, u parametrima koji procjenjuju ne samo aerobni i anaerobni energetski kapacitet već i druge fiziološke parametre. Trenirani atletičari na 400 m (14 muških i 14 ženskih) dragovoljno su sudjelovali u ovom istraživanju. Svi ispitanici izvodili su inkrementalni treadmill test (1 km/h povećanje brzine u minuti, 1,5% nagib). Parametri FVC i FEV1S su kod muških atletičara većih vrijednosti nego u ženskih atletičarki, dok nije bilo značajne razlike u FEV1S%. Statistički značajna razlika pronađena je u parametrima za procjenu aerobnog kapaciteta energije u korist muških atletičara. Značajno više vrijednosti anaerobnog kapaciteta pronađene su kod muških (5,7 km/h) sprintera u odnosu na ženske (4,5 km/h). U drugim fiziološkim parametrima, kao što su HRmax vrijednosti i HR na VT nema statistički značajne razlike. Može se zaključiti da je potrebno utvrditi postoje li razlike u tim parametrima između muških i ženskih sprintera, koje će rezultirati organiziranijim planiranjem kolektivnog procesa obuke. Studije kao što je ova mogu pomoći trenerima razvijati atletičareve performanse u skladu s njihovim sposobnostima.Ključne riječi: atletičari, metaboličke razlike, ventilacija
Language Learning and Roma Pupils – the Case of Slovenia / Učenje jezika i romski učenici – primjer Slovenije
Authors: Jazbec Sasa , Čagran Branka , Lipavic Oštir Alja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe paper comprises a theoretical discussion and an empirical investigation of how Roma pupils position, perceive and assess Slovene as a language, and how successfully they learn Slovene as the official language and the language of the environment, as well as foreign languages (German and English) compared to non-Roma students. In the first part of the paper, theoretical considerations on the current (foreign) language learning tendencies, on the official status of both Slovene and Romani in Slovenia, and on the influential didactic (foreign) language-learning concept are presented and substantiated by an extensive quantitative empirical study, which includes a third of all Roma pupils in Slovenia. The study yielded both the expected results and highly interesting additional findings, which will require a thorough analysis by experts and education providers alike, and consequently may lead to certain fundamental changes in (foreign) language learning concepts.Key words: children in Slovenia; empirical study; (foreign) language learning; Roma pupils---Sažetak Ovaj rad prikazuje teorijsku raspravu i empirijsko istraživanje o tome kako romski učenici rangiraju, shvaćaju i procjenjuju slovenski kao jezik, kako uspješno mogu naučiti slovenski kao službeni jezik i jezik okoline, te kako uspješno mogu naučiti i strane jezike (njemački i engleski) u usporedbi s učenicima koji nisu Romi. U prvome dijelu rada prikazana su teorijska razmišljanja o aktualnim tendencijama u učenju stranoga jezika, o službenome položaju slovenskoga i romskoga jezika u Sloveniji, te o utjecajnom didaktičkom pojmu učenja (stranoga) jezika. Ta razmišljanja potkrijepljena su opsežnim kvantitativnim empirijskim istraživanjem koje je obuhvatilo jednu trećinu svih romskih učenika u Sloveniji. Istraživanje je dovelo do očekivanih rezultata i vrlo zanimljivih dodatnih rezultata koji zahtijevaju detaljnu analizu stručnjaka i svih uključenih u obrazovne aktivnosti, a u konačnici mogu dovesti do određenih temeljnih promjena u pojmovima o učenju (stranoga) jezika. Ključne riječi: djeca u Sloveniji, empirijsko istraživanje, učenje (stranoga) jezika, romski učenici