bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonmechanical varifocal metalens using nematic liquid crystal
Authors: Zhu Shuangqi , Jiang Qiang , Wang Yongtian , Huang Lingling 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Metalenses exhibit a substantial potential in replacing traditional optical component as they present a methodology for miniaturization. Lenses with tunable focal lengths can play a key role in various fields with applications in imaging, displays, and augmented and virtual reality devices. Here, we propose an electrically controllable varifocal metalens at the wavelength of 950 nm. The metasurface cascaded with nematic liquid crystal is integrated into an analog chip, which providing sequential specific two-dimensional addressable voltage patterns. The focal length of the reflective light can be modulated continuously with the change of voltage patterns. For the super-pixel cell with 6 μm period at a low voltage of 6 V, the zoom range and the zoom ratio are demonstrated to be 180 mm and 34, respectively. Besides, attributing to the enhanced forward scattering of Huygens metasurface and the large birefringence index of the liquid crystal, along with the integrated circuit compatible design, our metalens owns high integration in the NIR band under considering the practical processing. Therefore, the proposed nonmechanical varifocal metalens may unleash the full potential of continuous zoom metalens for micro-optical display and imaging applications in the future.
Study on the chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of iron-based bioabsorbable stents
Authors: Shi Xiaoli , Zhang Lu , Liu Yanfen , Wang Jinyu , Zhang Gui , Qi Haiping , Zhang Wanqian , Zhang Deyuan , Wang Jin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fe-based stents have been made a figure in biodegradable stents by their good mechanical capacity and biocompatibility, appropriate strength–ductility combination. Although the iron corrosion rate was not ideal, which had been optimized by iron alloy and polymer coating introduction. As a long-term implanted biodegradable material, the real concern about iron-based stents mainly laid in long-term biosafety. In this work, rats were used as an animal model to study the chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of iron-based stents. Two years later, the changes in body weight and the physiological status during the experiment were monitored, and the blood routine and blood analysis combined with the health of major organs and histopathological tests were performed. The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference compared with the control group (316L SS) in body weight, blood routine index, blood biochemical index, and carcinogenic rate that further confirmed the biosafety of iron-based material.
A review of the thermal storage of phase change material, morphology, synthesis methods, characterization, and applications of microencapsulated phase change material
Authors: Patil Jayesh R. , Mahanwar Prakash A. , Sundaramoorthy Elamaran , Mundhe Gajanan S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the thermal energy storage area, microencapsulated phase change material (MPCM) is getting more popular among researchers. When phase change materials (PCMs) shift from one phase to another at a specific temperature, a significant quantity of thermal energy is stored. The PCM application focuses on upgrading worldwide energy conservation efforts in light of the rapidly dwindling fossil fuels. The thermal energy supplied by PCM is significantly influenced by the choice of supporting materials and encapsulation methods. A solution to the volume change issues of PCM, phase separation, and leakage is the PCM microencapsulation technique. One of the most common methods to increase the effectiveness of thermal storage material is attained by using PCM with microencapsulation. The preparation processes and thermal characteristics of the MPCM are summarized in this paper. This paper gives information about MPCM with its types, properties, testing, and characterizations. Tables describe specific examples of PCM with thermal properties. Applications in various fields are defined. This review gives as much information to help and be useful for new researchers in the field of thermal management systems to guide their future research.
Cnih3Deletion Dysregulates Dorsal Hippocampal Transcription across the Estrous Cycle
Authors: Mulvey Bernard , Frye Hannah E. , Lintz Tania , Fass Stuart , Tycksen Eric , Nelson Elliot C. , Morón Jose A. , Dougherty Joseph D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn females, the hippocampus, a critical brain region for coordination of learning, memory, and behavior, displays altered physiology and behavioral output across the estrous or menstrual cycle. However, the molecular effectors and cell types underlying these observed cyclic changes have only been partially characterized to date. Recently, profiling of mice null for the AMPA receptor trafficking geneCnih3have demonstrated estrous-dependent phenotypes in dorsal hippocampal synaptic plasticity, composition, and learning/memory. We therefore profiled dorsal hippocampal transcriptomes from female mice in each estrous cycle stage, and contrasted it with that of males, across wild-type (WT) andCnih3mutants. In wild types, we identified only subtle differences in gene expression between the sexes, while comparing estrous stages to one another revealed up to >1000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These estrous-responsive genes are especially enriched in gene markers of oligodendrocytes and the dentate gyrus, and in functional gene sets relating to estrogen response, potassium channels, and synaptic gene splicing. Surprisingly,Cnih3knock-outs (KOs) showed far broader transcriptomic differences between estrous cycle stages and males. Moreover,Cnih3knock-out drove subtle but extensive expression changes accentuating sex differential expression at diestrus and estrus. Altogether, our profiling highlights cell types and molecular systems potentially impacted by estrous-specific gene expression patterns in the adult dorsal hippocampus, enabling mechanistic hypothesis generation for future studies of sex-differential neuropsychiatric function and dysfunction. Moreover, these findings suggest an unrecognized role ofCnih3in buffering against transcriptional effects of estrous, providing a candidate molecular mechanism to explain estrous-dependent phenotypes observed withCnih3loss.
Physiological Condition-Dependent Changes in Ciliary GPCR Localization in the Brain
Authors: Brewer Kathryn M. , Engle Staci E. , Bansal Ruchi , Brewer Katlyn K. , Jasso Kalene R. , McIntyre Jeremy C. , Vaisse Christian , Reiter Jeremy F. , Berbari Nicolas F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrimary cilia are cellular appendages critical for diverse types of Signaling. They are found on most cell types, including cells throughout the CNS. Cilia preferentially localize certain G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are critical for mediating the signaling of these receptors. Several of these neuronal GPCRs have recognized roles in feeding behavior and energy homeostasis. Cell and model systems, such asCaenorhabditis elegansandChlamydomonas, have implicated both dynamic GPCR cilia localization and cilia length and shape changes as key for signaling. It is unclear whether mammalian ciliary GPCRs use similar mechanismsin vivoand under what conditions these processes may occur. Here, we assess two neuronal cilia GPCRs, melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) and neuropeptide-Y receptor 2 (NPY2R), as mammalian model ciliary receptors in the mouse brain. We test the hypothesis that dynamic localization to cilia occurs under physiological conditions associated with these GPCR functions. Both receptors are involved in feeding behaviors, and MCHR1 is also associated with sleep and reward. Cilia were analyzed with a computer-assisted approach allowing for unbiased and high-throughput analysis. We measured cilia frequency, length, and receptor occupancy. We observed changes in ciliary length, receptor occupancy, and cilia frequency under different conditions for one receptor but not another and in specific brain regions. These data suggest that dynamic cilia localization of GPCRs depends on properties of individual receptors and cells where they are expressed. A better understanding of subcellular localization dynamics of ciliary GPCRs could reveal unknown molecular mechanisms regulating behaviors like feeding.
Microwave Radiothermometry in Evaluating Brain Temperature Changes (Review)
Authors: Shevelev O. A. , Petrova M. V. , Yuriev M. Yu. , Dolgikh V. T. , Mengistu E. M. , Zhdanova M. A. , Kostenkova I. Z. 
Published: February 2023

Aim. This review aims to inform physicians of different specialties (anesthesiologists, intensivists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, oncologists) about the diagnostic capabilities of microwave radiothermometry, which enables to identify and analyze features of alterations of cerebral temperature in brain damage.The review displays a critical analysis of 80 recent Russian and foreign open access publications found by keywords.The review presents major clinical features and pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral thermal balance disruptions in brain lesions. Slow responsiveness and vulnerability of cerebral thermal homeostasis regulation mechanisms that underlie development of different temperature heterogeneity levels in the cerebral cortex in healthy brain and brain lesions are highlighted. The authors postulate their concept about the critical role of hyperthermia in the pathogenesis of brain damage and disruption of interconnections in the global central regulation system. A body of evidence explaining direct association between the depth of consciousness impairment and degree of cerebral cortex temperature heterogeneity manifestation is presented. It is emphasized that a significant increase in temperature heterogeneity with areas of focal hyperthermia accompanies an acute period of ischemic stroke, while in post-comatose state usually associated with prolonged impairment of consciousness, the temperature heterogeneity significantly subsides. It has been suggested that lowering of an increased and rising of the reduced temperature heterogeneity, for example by using temperature exposure, can improve altered level of consciousness in patients with brain damage. The diagnostic capabilities of various technologies used for cerebral temperature measurement, including microwave radiothermometry (MWR), are evaluated. Data on high accuracy of MWR in measurement of the cerebral cortex temperature in comparison with invasive methods are presented.Conclusion. In healthy individuals MWR revealed a distinct daily rhythmic changes of the cerebral cortex temperature, and badly violated circadian rhythms in patients with brain lesions. Since MWR is an easy-toperform, non-invasive and objective diagnostic tool, it is feasible to use this technology to detect latent cerebral hyperthermia and assess the level of temperature heterogeneity disruption, as well as to study the circadian rhythm of temperature changes.
Assessment of the Myocardial Stress Biomarker NT-proBNP in Real Clinical Practice
Authors: Kozlov I. A. , Sokolov D. A. 
Published: February 2023

Subjects and Methods. The study involved 35 vascular surgery patients of varying degrees of cardiological risk. Blood specimens were collected from each patient at 3 time-points: 1. prior to surgery (NT-proBNP1), 2 — after the procedure (NT-proBNP2), 3 — before the discharge from the hospital (NT-proBNP3). Each specimen was split into equal aliquots for biomarker quantification using two different techniques (ELISA using domestic reagents — for the 1st series of analyses, and ICLA using an imported kit — for the 2nd series). Perioperative cardiovascular complications were recorded. The consistency of the measurement results obtained by two different methods was evaluated using the Bland–Altman technique. A discrimination ability of independent variables in relation to a binary dependent variable was studied using ROC analysis.Results. In the 1st series, ranges of the biomarker were as follows: NT-proBNP1 — 24–774 pg/ml, NT-proBNP2 — 41.2–889.1 pg/ml, NT-proBNP3 — 39.3–1013.3 pg/ml. In the 2nd series, NT-proBNP1 was 31.2–2087.0 pg/ml, NT-proBNP2 — 32.5–3754.0 pg/ml, NT-proBNP3 — 34.1–2728.0 pg/ml. In the Bland–Altman analysis, 97.03% of the values fell within the lower and upper limits of consistency (±1.96 SD of the average difference), which indicated comparability of the results in the series, but the values of NT-proBNP in the 1st series were lower than in the 2nd ones. Cardiovascular complications were registered in 3 (8.5%) patients. In the 1st series, NT-proBNP1 > 218 pg/ml predicted cardiovascular complications with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 81.3% (AUC 0.844, 95% CI 0.681–0.944, P = 0.0003). In the 2nd series, NT-proBNP1 > 315 pg/ml predicted cardiovascular complications with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 75.0% (AUC 0.828, 95% CI 0.663–0.934, P = 0.001).Conclusion. The domestic ELISA kit for solid-phase enzyme immunoassay proved its clinical informativeness for quantitation of NT-proBNP demonstrating its value for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, or scientific studies. The novel domestic technique provides consistently reproducible results, although with lower reference values as compared to the standard immunochemiluminescence assay.
Assessing the Diagnostic Significance of Herpes Virus Infections’ Serological Markers in Children: Overdiagnosis or Clinically Relevant Studies? Retrospective Study
Authors: Ivanov A. A. , Kulichenko T. V. 
Published: February 2023

Background. Nowadays, population generally has high contamination with herpes virus infections. Infection commonly is asymptomatic, and the virus persists in the human body over a lifetime. Excessive diagnosis of herpes virus infections as well as overestimation of their role in the genesis of various diseases in immunocompetent people are common in Russian pediatrics.Objective. The aim of the study is to assess the frequency and efficacy of serological testing in the suspected correlation of herpes virus infections and infectious and somatic diseases in a multidisciplinary hospital.Methods. The study included patients hospitalized in the multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow, who were assigned serological examination for herpes viruses. The laboratory study was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with the revealing the markers of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus. The results of the examination were analyzed according to the nosology and their role in diagnosis and management.Results. The identification of herpes virus infections’ markers was performed for 996 patients undergoing medical treatment in 17 different hospital departments within 2 months. Most commonly the examination was prescribed in infectious disease, pediatric, and hematological departments and covered more than 140 different nosologies. Acute respiratory infection, reactive arthritis, thrombocytopenia, infectious mononucleosis, acute tonsillitis, gastrointestinal pathology, acute bronchitis, and pneumonia were the most common nosologies. Positive markers of acute infection were revealed in 1.71% of cases for HSV-1/HSV-2, in 4.89% — for EBV, in 3.81% — for CMV. Moreover, positive results of serological examination were mostly noted in the cases of infectious diseases: infectious mononucleosis, tonsillitis, or acute respiratory infections. Tests were assigned for all three infections at the same time in most cases.Conclusion. Widespread examination for herpes virus infections is the typical variant of overdiagnosis and it is usually less informative. Generally positive markers are observed in typical course of herpes virus infections when clinical picture is enough for diagnosis verification.
Surgical management of colonic perforation due to ulcerative colitis: report of a case
Authors: Mitra Dipankar S. , Kumar Birbal , Gupta Balkishan 
Published: February 2023

Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is indicated electively in failure of medical therapy and development of malignancy and dysplasia in long standing cases and acutely in fulminant colitis, perforation, bleeding, obstruction or in toxic megacolon. The surgical procedure in the past used to be total proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy with its attendant psychological, social, physical, and sexual problems. With the advent of ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) patients with UC can have a good quality of life without fear of having the permanent ileostomy. The advancement of minimally access surgery has added a new wing to the surgical armamentarium in coping the postoperative recovery, body image, sexual dysfunction etc. Laparoscopic surgery appeals to patients undergoing IPAA because they are generally young and hope to gain the potential benefit of reduced disability, more rapid recovery, and a better body image as a result of more cosmetic incisions. Depending upon the clinical presentation patient may require two or three stage procedure.
Neoadjuvan tedavi alan rektum kanseri hastalarında tedavi yanıtını predikte eden parametreler var mı?
Authors: DÜZKÖPRÜ Yakup , BİLGİÇ KÖYLÜ Ece , KOÇANOĞLU Abdülkadir , DOĞAN Özlem , ALTINBAŞ Mustafa 
Published: February 2023

Amaç
Lokal ileri rektum kanserlerinde neoadjuvan kemoradyoterapi(NAKRT) standart hale gelmiş olup patolojik tam yanıt (pCR) alınan hastalarda cerrahi yapılmadan izlem seçeneği tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada NAKRT’ye yanıtı predikte edecek faktörleri araştırmayı amaçladık.
Materyal ve metod
2011-2021 yılları arasındaki 18 yaş üstü rektum kanseri tanılı 184 hasta retrospektif olarak tarandı. Histopatolojik olarak rektum kanseri olduğu konfirme edilen ve lokal ileri evre olup neoadjuvan tedavi alan 79 hasta mevcuttu. 18 hasta çalışma dışı bıraklıdı, çalışmaya 61 hasta dahil edildi. TNM evrelemesi pelvik MRG (manyetik rezonans görüntüleme) ile yapıldı. Prediktif faktörleri belirlemek için SPSS’de lojistik regresyon modeli kullanıldı.
Bulgular
Çalışmaya 61 hasta dahil edildi. Median yaş 45 (44-89) idi. Hastaların 42(%68.9) si erkek idi. Klinik T evresi 34 (%55.7) hastada T3 ve 23 (%37.7) hastada T4 idi. Klinik N evresi 0, 1 ve 2 olan hastaların sayısı sırasıyla 5(%8.2), 28(%45.9) ve 28(%45.9) idi. Ortalama CEA(karsinoembriyojenik antijen) ve CA 19-9 değerleri sırasıyla 9.69 (std. Deviation:14.95) ve 12.32 (std. Deviation:12.61) idi. 49 (%80.3) hasta kapesitabin eşliğinde, 12 hasta 5-FU(5-Fluorourasil) eşliğinde RT(Radyoterapi) aldı. 40 (%65.6) hastaya LAR(Low anterior rezeksiyon) yapılmıştı. 57 (%93.4) hastanın patolojisi adenokarsinom idi. Patolojik yanıt durumuna bakıldığında 8 (%13.1) hastada tam yanıt ve 48 (%78.7) hastada kısmi yanıt varken 5 (%8.2) hasta tedaviye yanıtsız olarak görüldü.
Sonuç
Bazı çalışmalarda NAKRT ile tedavi yanıtını predikte edecek birtakım faktörler olduğu belirtilmiş olsa da henüz kılavuzlara yansımış ortak kabul edilmiş parametreler yoktur. Bizim çalışmamızda değerlendirilen parametreler arasında patolojik tam yanıtı predikte eden bağımsız bir faktör bulunamadı. ‘Neoadjuvan tedavi alan rektum kanseri hastalarında tedavi yanıtını predikte eden parametreler var mı?’ sorusuna cevap verecek daha çok sayıda ileri araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Prinsip Keadilan Dalam Ganti Rugi Pengadaan Tanah Bagi Pembangunan Untuk Kepentingan Umum
Authors: Prasastiningsih Suci , Raharjo Purwono Sungkowo 
Published: February 2023

<p>Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman mengenai prinsip keadilan dalam ganti kerugian pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan Waduk Jlantah di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan konsep. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah studi dokumen atau studi kepustakaan yang dianalisis menggunakan metode silogisme deduksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dilihat dari pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan Waduk Jlantah di Kabupaten Karanganyar ganti kerugian yang diterima oleh pemilik hak atas tanah sudah layak dan adil dapat dilihat dari terpenuhinya indikator-indikator keadilan, selain itu juga telah menjunjung tinggi keadilan sosial sehingga dapat mewujudkan kemakmuran rakyat.</p>
Mekanisme Penerbitan Surat Keputusan KPK Nomor 625 Tentang Alih Status Kepegawaian Sesuai Dengan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Wijaya Raden Rara Mutiara , Rachmi Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut , Karjoko Lego 
Published: February 2023

<em>This study analyse whether the issuing the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) Decree Number 625 regarding the transfer of employment status is under the law. This research is a prescriptive doctrinal or normative legal research with a comparative approach, namely comparing the KPK's decision letter No. 625 of 2021 with Law No. 19 of 2019. The research sources are primary and secondary legal materials while collecting legal materials uses library research. The study results show that the issuing the KPK Decree Number 625 regarding the transfer of employee status is not suitable with the Act. Transferring the status of KPK employees to the state civil apparatus (ASN) should be seen as a transition and not a selection of new employees per the basic provisions of Law Number 19 of 2019. However, in practice, the National Insight Test (TWK) is used to select the status of KPK employees to become government employees. The issuance of Decree Number 1354 of 2021 led to dismissed of KPK employees who failed the National Insight Test (TWK). This violates Law Number 19 of 2019 and the procedure for issuing KPK decisions in article 16 of the Regulation of the Corruption Eradication Commission Number 12 of 2018.</em>
Menasdikkan Prinsip Deep Ecology Dan Shallow Ecology Di Dalam Peraturan Terhadap Lingungan Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Pencemaran
Authors: Ardana Alvin Devote Azaria , Ketut Rachmi Handayani I Gusti Ayu , Karjoko Lego 
Published: February 2023

<p><em>Industry is a key sector of the national economy, and manufacturing is also the sector with the largest number of jobs. Therefore, the industrial sector is able to become a leader in the development of the economic sector. However, on the other hand, the intensity of industrial activities is quite dense. In particular, waste disposal which is carried out by throwing it into the river around the area can cause more severe pollution. The obstacle experienced by small and medium industries is the inability to build a waste water treatment plant which requires a lot of money. Nonetheless, Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management states that environmental protection and management are systematic and integrated actions taken to maintain environmental functions and prevent environmental pollution and/or damage. Viewed from the perspective of broader ecological theory, economic interests and environmental sustainability are two inseparable sides.</em></p>