bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Essential Oils of Spices and Herbs and Their Applications: A Review
Authors: Prabhu T. , Shenbagavalli S. , Shalini K. , Sundraiah S. , Ravindran C. , Geethanjali S. , Sangeetha S. 
Published: August 2023

Essential oils (EOs) are pure, fragrant, volatile liquids that are obtained from particular plants. Almost all plant organs, particularly the flowers, buds, leaves, seeds, stems, and fruits, produce essential oils [16]. Terpenes, phenolic chemicals, and alcohol make up the complex mixture of secondary metabolites that make up EOs [8]. EOs possess a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory ones. Antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory biological actions are only a few of the many biological properties that EOs have. EOs are utilised in sanitary products (fragrances for home cleaning products), cosmetics (perfumes and makeup products), agriculture (bio-pesticide and repellant), and aromatherapy as natural cures. The earliest, simplest, and most widely utilised techniques for extracting Eos include steam distillation and hydrodistillation [17].
The antibacterial and antioxidant qualities of thymus, cinnamon and oregano essential oils intended for use in the meat sector. Chinese cinnamon and turmeric essential oils have been employed as additives in biodegradable coatings and films [21]. Some plants and EO, including clove, thyme, rosemary, oregano, cinnamon, and pimento, have been found to have strong inhibitory effects on a variety of bacterial pathogens. the essential oils of a number of plant species, including thymus, mentha, artemisia, limnophila, salvia, and rosmarinus, are effective against a variety of arthropod species, including the silverleaf whitefly, aphids, bihar hairy caterpillars, cabbage loopers, diamond back moths, and leaf rollers, which are major pests of horticultural and stored grain crops [45,46]. Patchouli essential oil has also been discovered to be a highly effective substitute for shielding skin from UV radiation. EOs used in shampoo formulations with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5, such as lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and geranium (Pelargonium graveolens), may have synergistic effects.
Gain scheduling model predictive control for dynamic positioning of floating caissons at different draughts
Authors: Sainz Jose Joaquin , Herrero Elías Revestido , Llata Jose Ramon , Velasco Francisco J. , Gonzalez‐Sarabia Esther , Rodriguez‐Luis Alvaro , Fernandez‐Ruano Sergio , Guanche Raul 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThis article presents a model predictive control for dynamic positioning (DP) of floating caisson at different draughts. This article focuses on the maneuvres related to the control of the spatial situation of the caisson in connexion with the final caisson reference point and the process of descending to the seabed desired location. Different models of the caisson in order to perform realistic simulations and to test the robustness of the controller are considered. A gain scheduling model predictive control (GSMPC) has been implemented, with parameter switch among four model predictive control (MPC) controllers. In this way, a specific MPC for the dynamics of each draught will be used in each caisson model corresponding to a draught. Furthermore, a Kalman filter has been implemented to remove the disturbances. Finally, in the simulations results it is compared the performance of the proposed controller with a clasic one and also it is checked how the proposed controller is able to position the system in all draughts with stability and accurate dynamic control of the system.
Motor Neuron‐Specific Membrane Depolarization of Transected Peripheral Nerves by Upconversion Nanoparticle‐Mediated Optogenetics
Authors: Yan Jun , Wan Yunjing , Ji Zhe , Li Chenxi , Tao Chengcheng , Tang Yunjiao , Zhang Yuze , Liu Yaobo , Liu Jian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt remains a fundamental challenge to administer guided regeneration and functional recovery of peripheral nerves after the complete transection. Herein, a new concept to specifically depolarize the membranes of the target acetylcholinergic motor neurons by near infrared (NIR) laser‐triggered optogenetics for promoted functional reconnection of transected peripheral nerves is reported. The approach features the anchoring of acetylcholine‐modified upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) onto the acetylcholine receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and selective infection of the motor neural cells with adeno‐associated virus loading channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2). The upconversion fluorescence mediated by UCNP can activate ChR2 protein for membrane depolarization of the acetylcholinergic motor neurons. It induces a cascade of events, including axonal regeneration, Schwann cells remyelination, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor expression enhancement, and the remodeling of neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) from muscle denervation, which leads to promoted functional reconnection of the injured peripheral nerves. The results of behavioral and electrophysiological experiments further verify the functional recovery of transected peripheral nerves by the approach. The UCNP‐mediated optogenetic strategy of minimally invasive, precisely guided, and functional reconnection of injured nerves shall bring great benefits to both fundamental research and translational development in neural regenerative medicine.
Giant Atomic Swirl in Graphene Bilayers with Biaxial Heterostrain
Authors: Mesple Florie , Walet Niels R. , Trambly de Laissardière Guy , Guinea Francisco , Došenović Djordje , Okuno Hanako , Paillet Colin , Michon Adrien , Chapelier Claude , Renard Vincent T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study of moiré engineering started with the advent of van der Waals heterostructures, in which stacking 2D layers with different lattice constants leads to a moiré pattern controlling their electronic properties. The field entered a new era when it was found that adjusting the twist between two graphene layers led to strongly‐correlated‐electron physics and topological effects associated with atomic relaxation. A twist is now routinely used to adjust the properties of 2D materials. This study investigates a new type of moiré superlattice in bilayer graphene when one layer is biaxially strained with respect to the other—so‐called biaxial heterostrain. Scanning tunneling microscopy measurements uncover spiraling electronic states associated with a novel symmetry‐breaking atomic reconstruction at small biaxial heterostrain. Atomistic calculations using experimental parameters as inputs reveal that a giant atomic swirl forms around regions of aligned stacking to reduce the mechanical energy of the bilayer. Tight‐binding calculations performed on the relaxed structure show that the observed electronic states decorate spiraling domain wall solitons as required by topology. This study establishes biaxial heterostrain as an important parameter to be harnessed for the next step of moiré engineering in van der Waals multilayers.
In Situ Monitoring of Nanocrystal Formation and Ion Migration in Lead Halide Perovskite Metal–Organic Framework Composites
Authors: Wu Xiayan , Omagari Shun , Gao Jinwei , Vacha Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCombining all‐inorganic perovskites (CsPbX3) with metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offers great promise for efficient optoelectronic applications, but a lack of understanding of the microscopic mechanisms of host‐guest interactions that lead to stability limits their further advancement. Herein, a series of CsPbX3‐MOF composites is studied based on twinned Pb‐X‐based MOFs (X = Cl, Br) to explore the effect of the local ionic environment on their crystallization kinetics and the local photoluminescence (PL) properties by in situ fluorescence microscopy. Real‐time monitoring of the crystal growth process and PL characterization after complete crystallization shows a large compositional heterogeneity in the embedded mixed halogen perovskites. This heterogeneity is a result of the local ionic environment of the individual nanocrystals (NCs). In addition, the compositional heterogeneity is a dynamic phenomenon, manifested as spectral fluctuations of individual NCs on the time scales of tens of seconds under excitation. Compositional changes correlated over distances of micrometers point to collective ionic diffusion present in the system. This use of the in situ PL spectroscopy enables unique insights into the fundamental photophysical properties of perovskite‐MOF composites and will provide essential feedback for their further development and potential applications such as light‐emitting diodes and ion sensors.
Biomarkers related to silicosis and pulmonary function in individuals exposed to silica
Authors: Lombardi Elisa M. S. , Mizutani Rafael F. , Terra‐Filho Mario , Ubiratan de Paula Santos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe identification of markers that can facilitate the early diagnosis of silicosis has remained challenging. We evaluated the association of inflammatory markers with the presence of silicosis and lung function impairment in individuals exposed to silica.MethodsIndividuals exposed and not exposed to silica were assessed by occupational history, clinical findings, lung function, chest imaging findings, and inflammatory markers.ResultsAmong 297 men evaluated, 51 were unexposed controls (G1), 149 were exposed to silica without silicosis (G2), and 97 were exposed to silica with silicosis (G3). Inflammatory marker levels were higher in G3 than in G2 and G1. Platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), soluble tumor necrosis factor II (sTNFRII), and macrophage inflammatory protein‐4 (MIP‐4) were associated with silicosis, and LDH, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), sTNFRII, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (sVCAM‐1), and fibrinogen were negatively associated with lung function.ConclusionBlood inflammatory markers are associated with silicosis and impaired lung function.
Effect of Al‐based metal‐organic frameworks/halloysite nanotubes on the flame retardancy of silicone rubber foam
Authors: Deng Jun , Zhao Heng , Zhang Tian‐Tian , Kang Fu‐Ru , Zhou Ting‐Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo kinds of Al‐based metal‐organic frameworks (Al‐MOFs), MIL‐53(Al), and MIL‐96(Al), were synthesized by the solvothermal method and then characterized using SEM, XRD, and FTIR. The Al‐MOFs and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were blended and added to silicone rubber foams (SiFs). The mechanical properties and flame retardancy of the composites were tested and analyzed using universal tensile tester, limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion tester, cone calorimeter, TG, SEM, EDS, and FTIR. The results show that Al‐MOFs synthesized by the solvothermal method have high crystallinity and purity. Compared with pure SiFs, the LOI of SiFs with 2 wt% MIL‐53(Al) and 2 wt% HNTs increased to 29.4%, while total heat release and total smoke release decreased by 36.9% and 32.4%. The flame retardant mechanism of the composites is mainly reflected in the condensed phase. MIL‐53(Al) and HNTs can synergistically promote the formation of a dense carbon layer, blocking heat and oxygen from entering the SiFs matrix.
Between the law and itself: An examination of the best interests of the child standard in the New York city family court
Authors: Ingber Hannah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article describes a pilot research study done by the author which focused on the judicial implementation of the “best interests of the child” standard, also known as Article 5, Section 70 of the New York State Domestic Relations Law. This is the statutory principle that guides determinations of child custody in the USA. The ambiguous nature of this law grants judges significant discretion when determining the custodial arrangements for children, as it does not explicitly define what constitutes the best interests of a child. The lack of consensus surrounding this law results in marked inconsistencies in its application. In the absence of external guidance, the author presumed that judges rely heavily on their individual knowledge and conceptualization of childhood when making custody decisions, especially those regarding facts relayed by or about children. Through in‐depth interviews conducted with seven judges from the City of New York, this study sheds light on this complex and essential issue. By incorporating insights from sociological theories of law and childhood, this study provides further insight into how judges arrive at their rulings and can be used to assist in improving the lives of families who must interact with the legal system.
Deer antler reserve mesenchyme cells with hyaluronan alleviates cartilage damage in a rat model
Authors: Jia Boyin , Li Xin , Han Xintong , Ma Fuquan , Zhang Linlin , Wang Xue , Yan Xinrui , Zhang Yu , Li Jianming , Hu Pengfei , Wang Yusu , Diao Naichao , Shi Kun , Zong Ying , Du Rui , Li Chunyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReserve mesenchyme cells (RMCs) of deer antlers have been considered as the promising cell source for repairing injury‐induced articular cartilage or cartilage degeneration. However, systematic investigation of RMC differentiation to repair injured cartilage and its combination with biomaterials has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of RMCs in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA) in promoting chondrogenic differentiation through simulating native environments and their efficacy in articular cartilage repair. The RMCs were cultured in vitro for the characterization of these cells, including morphology, surface marker expression, and multipotent differentiation potential (adipogenesis, chondrogenesis, and osteogenesis). When combined with HA in vitro, RMCs increased expression levels of the chondrogenic marker gene (COL II and COMP) but decreased levels of the hypertrophic marker gene (COL X). Using a rat articular cartilage defect model, we evaluated the effects of RMCs in combination with HA on cartilage defect repair at 4 and 8 weeks through macroscopical, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations. Compared with other groups, treatment with RMCs + HA reduced cartilage loss and degree of cartilage surface worn, whereas cartilage content was significantly increased. These results suggest that the combination of RMCs with HA can effectively repair cartilage defects. We believe that effective cartilage defect repair will benefit from the use of RMCs together with favorable biomaterials, such as HA.
Exploring the association between social skills struggles and social communication difficulties and depression in youth with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Pascoe Molly Isabel , Forbes Kaitlyn , de la Roche Laura , Derby Brianne , Psaradellis Elaine , Anagnostou Evdokia , Nicolson Rob , Georgiades Stelios , Kelley Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder is characterized by social communication difficulties and social skills abilities that are significantly differ from neurotypical populations as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. Furthermore, many autistic youth experience co‐occurring conditions, with one of the most common being depression. This depression is suggested to be, in part, the result of the relative social isolation experienced by autistic youth. Therefore, it is important to examine social functioning differences in autistic youth and their association with depression. There has been limited research investigating the association between social communication difficulties and depression, or the association between social skills struggles and depression, and no research investigating both of these in the same population. We found that social communicative symptoms of autism (as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) were not associated with depression scores (as measured by the Revised Checklist for Anxiety and Depression) after controlling for age, sex, and IQ. In contrast, we did find a significant association between social skills struggles (as measured by the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System‐2) and depression in the same sample. Higher social skills struggles were associated with higher depression scores after controlling for age, sex, and IQ. Reasons for the potential discrepancy between these findings are discussed, and clinical implications of these findings are explored.
Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, and Antibacterial Activity of Microbial Chondroitin Sulfate and Commercial Chondroitin Sulfate
Authors: Unver Tuba , Erenler Ayse Sebnem , Bingul Murat , Boga Mehmet 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChondroitin synthesis was performed using the recombinant Escherichia coli(C2987) strain created by transforming the plasmid pETM6‐PACF‐vgb, which carries the genes responsible for chondroitin synthesis, kfoA, kfoC, kfoF, and the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene (vgb). Then, Microbial chondroitin sulfate (MCS)’s antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antibacterial activity were compared with commercial chondroitin sulfate (CCS). The antioxidant studies revealed that the MCS and CCS samples could be potential targets for scavenging radicals and cupric ion reduction. MCS demonstrated better antioxidant properties in the ABTS assay with the IC50 value of 0.66 mg than CCS. MCS showed 2.5‐fold for DPPH and almost 5‐fold for ABTS⋅+ (with a value of 3.85 mg/mL) better activity than the CCS. However, the compounds were not active for cholinesterase enzyme inhibitions. In the antibacterial assay, the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of MCS against S. aureus, E. aerogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae (0.12, 0.18, 0.12, 0.18, and 0.18 g/mL, respectively) were found to be greater than that of CCS (0.42, 0.48, 0.36, 0.36, and 0.36 g/mL, respectively). This study demonstrates that MCS is a potent pharmacological agent due to its physicochemical properties, and its usability as a therapeutic‐preventive agent will shed light on future studies.
A case of varicella zoster infection in kidney transplant recipient using immunosuppressant
Authors: Adam Abdirahim Ali Nur , Mohamed Abdulrashid Hashi , Jeele Mohamed Osman Omar 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageKidney transplant recipients must take lifelong immunosuppression to prevent acute or chronic allograft injury. However, they are also at risk for opportunistic infections due to compromised immune cell functionality. Disseminated HZ in kidney transplant recipients can result in a very high overall mortality rate of up to 30%. Here we described a 23‐year‐old male patient who presented to the emergency room with a complaint of high‐grade fever, chills, and non‐dermatomal lesion of varicella zoster skin infection that affected the face and trunk. After investigation the patient was diagnosed with chickenpox clinically and was managed with complete recovery and early hospital discharge.
Dual diagnosis of trisomy 21 and lethal perinatal Gaucher disease as a cause of non‐immune hydrops fetalis in a twin pregnancy for a consanguineous couple
Authors: Al Harthy Talib , Colaiacovo Samantha , Gratton Robert J. , Coughlin Kevin , Siu Victoria Mok , Prasad Chitra , Rupar Charles , Saleh Maha 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageNon‐immune hydrops is a prenatal finding which can occur due to an underlying genetic diagnosis such as common chromosomal aneuploidy (Trisomy 21, Turner syndrome etc.). It is extremely rare to have more than one genetic cause of hydrops fetalis in a single pregnancy. This report describes a dichorionic diamniotic pregnancy for a consanguineous couple where noninvasive prenatal testing was “high risk” for Trisomy 21. Family declined amniocentesis and opted for postnatal genetic testing. The pregnancy was later complicated with severe hydrops fetalis leading to demise for one of the twins, and a premature delivery of the other twin who had remarkable collodion not in keeping with Trisomy 21. Postnatal genetic investigations confirmed both Trisomy 21 and prenatal lethal Gaucher disease in the survivor twin. This case report highlights some of the prenatal diagnostic challenges for a consanguineous couple where a rare cause of fetal hydrops was concealed in a setting of a common chromosomal aneuploidy. The prompt postnatal diagnosis of perinatal lethal Gaucher disease, confirmed with undetectable glucocerebrosidase enzyme activity, assisted the family in the decision of providing palliative care for their infant who was quickly deteriorating. The importance of postnatal genetic evaluation and its impact on immediate patient management in an NICU setting is emphasized. This dual diagnosis was significant for the couple as it explained pervious pregnancy losses and has important future recurrence risk implications.
Anesthetic challenges in difficult airway in a patient with maxillary carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Karki Kamala , Pant Prashant , Chhetri Suchit Thapa , Sah Sumit Kumar , Bogati Kanchan 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageAirway management in patients with maxillary carcinoma presents unique challenges. To ensure safety, a tailored and collaborative approach is essential. This is a case where anesthetic plan of awake fiberoptic oral endotracheal intubation was chosen.
Harlequin color change in a premature infant: A case report
Authors: Yang Linzhi , Zhuang Guiying , Zhang Dahu , Liu Weiqi 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case of HCC report contributes to the knowledge of HCC in China. In this case, the longer duration of the color change observed in this case compared to previous reports, which will be useful for all medical practitioners.AbstractHarlequin color change (HCC) is a benign skin color change that lasts for a short time with no obvious physical abnormalities. Its pathogenesis is still unclear. It occurs in newborns, especially premature infants. However, few cases of HCC have been reported in China. Herein, we report a case of HCC. The infant was born at 34 + 4 weeks of gestation and was admitted to the hospital due to metabolic acidosis and neonatal pneumonia after birth. On the third day after birth, there were two red bands with obvious edges along the body centreline, and the erythema characteristics were consistent with those of HCC. The immature hypothalamus of newborns may cause the occurrence of HCC. At the same time, some drugs (midazolam), hypoxemia, and blood sampling may also be associated with HCC during neonatal hospitalization. All doctors should be thoroughly knowledgeable about the clinical characteristics of HCC and avoid using unnecessary drugs during treatment.
Synthesis of Partially Fluorinated Alkyl Triflates by Electrochemical Fluorination (Simons Process)
Authors: Knuplez Tanja , Schneider Leon N. , Preitschopf Tobias , Bejaoui Younes K. J. , Zapf Ludwig , Schopper Nils , Maibom Kristina A. M. , Sprenger Jan A. P. , Gehrke Franziska , Lorenzen Sabine , Graf Roland , Bertermann Rüdiger , Fischer Ingo , Ignat'ev Nikolai V. , Finze Maik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA scalable straightforward synthesis of monofluoro‐ and difluoromethyl triflate CF3SO2OCH2F (MH2F) and CF3SO2OCHF2 (MHF2) through electrochemical fluorination (ECF, Simons process) of methyl triflate MH3 in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride at nickel anodes is presented. The ECF method is also feasible for the preparation of the deuterated analogues CF3SO2OCD2F (MD2F) and CF3SO2OCDF2 (MD2F). Surprisingly, no H/D exchange occurs during ECF of CF3SO2OCD3 (MD3); this provides further evidence for a NiF3/NiF4‐mediated ECF mechanism. The ECF of selected partially fluorinated ethyl triflates is described, and electrochemical fluorination of CF3SO2OCH2CF3 (EH2F3) leads to the until now unknown chiral CF3SO2OCHFCF3 (EHFF3). The analogous fluoromethyl and fluoroethyl nonaflates are also accessible by ECF. This study contains detailed spectroscopic, structural, and thermal data on (fluoro)methyl and fluoro(ethyl) triflates.