bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
فعالية المعلمين في تحسين طرق التدريس لتعليم اللغة العربية في جامعة جنوب شرق سريلانكا: دراسة وصفية تحليلية
Authors: Man Saupi , Abdul Azeez Fathima Sabrina 
Published: June 2023

مع تسارع التقدم العلمي، خاصة مع ظهور التكنولوجيا الحديثة، يجب على المعلمين ابتكار طرق تدريس جديدة بشكل متزايد لمواكبة متطلبات الحياة المعاصرة والتقدم الفكري للطلاب. وهي من أهم ركائز التعليم والتعلم. تتطور عملية التدريس والتعلم في مختلف المجالات العلمية، مثل العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية، بمرور الوقت. ولكن الدراسات السابقة تشير إلى أن هناك قصورا في توظيف طرق التدريس لتعليم اللغة العربية في سريلانكا. فهذا البحث يهدف إلى الكشف عن فعالية المعلمين في تحسين طرق التدريس لترقية مستوى طلبة جامعة جنوب شرق سريلانكا. ولتحقيق الهدف المنشود، تعتمد هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي مع استخدام الاستبانة المغلقة لدى الطلبة والأساتذة، ثم يتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام برنامج الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية SPSS. وأخيرا تؤكد النتائج أن المعلمين يوظفون طريقة الأسئلة وطريقة الترجمة وطريقة القراءة وطريقة المحاضرة بدرجة عالية في تدريس اللغة العربية في جامعة جنوب شرق سريلانكا.
With the acceleration of scientific progress, especially with the advent of modern technology, teachers must increasingly innovate new teaching methods to keep pace with the demands of contemporary life and the intellectual progress of students. It is one of the most important pillars of teaching and learning. Teaching and learning in various scientific fields, such as the humanities and social sciences, evolve over time. However, previous studies indicate that there is a deficiency in employing teaching methods to teach Arabic in Sri Lanka. Hence, this research aims to assess the effectiveness of teachers in improving teaching methods to upgrade the level of students at the South Eastern University of Sri Lanka. To achieve the desired goal, this study relies on the analytical descriptive approach with the use of a closed questionnaire for students and teachers, then the data is analyzed using the SPSS software. Finally, the results reveal that teachers employ the method of questions, the method of translation, the method of reading, and the method of lecture to a high degree in teaching Arabic at the South Eastern University of Sri Lanka.
فقه الحديث النبوي في بعض المسائل المتعلقة بالعبادات في وقت الأوبئة
Authors: Al-Boutibi Youssef , An-Nadwi Irwan santeri bin al-kawaid 
Published: June 2023

ملخص البحث
لقد واجه العالم في الآونة المستحدثة جائحة كورونا التي تهدد الأمة جمعاء، فتحير الناس بها ودهشوا، فأغلقوا الحدود والمتاجر والمساجد والمدارس وغيرها، وجاهدوا في مكافحتها، ومن جهودهم في ذلك بحثهم عن الدواء وطريقة العلاج، فهدي المسلمين سنة المصطفى ﷺ احتوت على إرشادات في مواجهة مثل هذه الأوبئة، فهذا البحث يروم الكشف عن ذلك الهدي وإبراز طرق التعامل معها وتحليل ما تضمنته النصوص النبوية من الأحكام إزاءه. وهو يتناول هذا البحث جملةً موضوع الأوبئة في ضوء الكتاب والسنة، ويعتمد على استقراء الأحاديث النبوية الخاصة بالأوبئة مع دراسة هذه الأحاديث سندًا وبيان حكمها إن كانت خارج الصحيحين. فيتم في هذا البحث بشكل عام الكشف على هدي السنة النبوية في التعامل مع الأوبئة مع ذكر صلتها بالمجتمع والعبادات، كما أن البحث يعالج ويحلل بعض النصوص المتعلقة بالنوازل الفقهية التي طرأت بسبب الأوبئة. وقد استخدمت في الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، والمنهج الاستنباطي لمسائل الفقه، والمنهج النقدي الحديثي للوقوف على صحة الأحاديث.
Abstract
In recent times, the world has faced the Corona pandemic that threatens the entire nation, so people were confused and astonished by it, so they closed borders, shops, mosques, schools, etc., and struggled to combat it, and among their efforts in that was their search for medicine and a method of treatment, The guidance of Muslims is the Sunnah of the Chosen One, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, which contains advice in confronting such epidemics. This research aims to reveal that guidance, highlight the ways to deal with it, and analyze the provisions of the prophetic texts about it. This research deals entirely with the subject of epidemics in the light of the Book and the Sunnah, and depends on extrapolating the hadiths of the Prophet regarding epidemics by studying these hadiths as a chain of transmission and clarifying their ruling if they are outside the Two Sahihs. In this research, in general, the guidance of the Prophet's Sunnah in dealing with epidemics is revealed, with a mention of its connection to society and worship. In this research, in general, the guidance of the Sunnah of the Prophet in dealing with epidemics is explained, with a mention of its relationship to society and worship. In this research, in general, the guidance of the Sunnah of the Prophet in dealing with epidemics is explained, with a mention of its relationship to society and worship. The research also deals with and analyzes some texts related to jurisprudential issues due to epidemics. The study used the descriptive analytical approach, the deductive approach to issues of jurisprudence, and the hadith critical approach to determine the authenticity of hadiths.
التدابير الوقائية والاحترازية للحدث في قانون الأحداث القطري والفقه الإسلامي: دراسة تحليلية
Authors: Aldosari Mohammed Benayan , Arif Arif Ali , Zakariyah Habeebullah 
Published: June 2023

الملخص:
يتناول هذا المقال التدابير الوقائية المتبعة في قانون الأحداث القطري، والفقه الإسلامي، تزامناً مع الاهتمام الدولي للأحداث (الأطفال) الذي انعكس في الاتفاقات الدولية والتي من أهمها (اتفاقية حقوق الطفل) عام 1989م. وقد استخدم الباحث فيه المنهج التحليلي والمقارن، بتتبع التدابير الوقائية في قانون الأحداث القطري، وكذا في كتب الفقه الإسلامي، وعرض الأقوال وتحليلها، ومقارنة قانون الأحداث القطري بأقوال الفقهاء. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى جملة من النتائج من أبرزها: سعة الشريعة الإسلامية، وشموليتها في التعامل مع الحدث وحمايته من الانحراف عن طريق تدابير وقائية قبل ولادته وبعدها، وقبل ولادته كاختيار الشريك المناسب، وبعد ولادته كاختيار الاسم الحسن، وحسن التربية وغير ذلك من التدابير الوقائية. واهتمام قانون الأحداث القطري بالحدث قبل الانحراف ووضع تدابير وقائية إصلاحيه له، إلا أن هناك قصور في التدابير التي نص عليها القانون لحماية الأحداث خلافًا للشريعة الإسلامية وهو ما يظهر في قلة تلك التدابير وحاجتها إلى المراجعة.

Abstract
This paper examines the preventive measures adopted in the Qatari child law and Islamic jurisprudence, at the time international interest in juveniles (children) is high, which was reflected in international agreements, which majorly includes (the Convention on the Rights of the Child) in 1989 AD. The researcher used the analytical and comparative approach, following the preventive measures in the Qatari child law, as well as in Islamic jurisprudence references, offered views and analyzed them, and compared the Qatari child law with the opinions of the Islamic jurists. The study comes to find and establish the capacity and comprehensiveness of Islamic law in dealing with the child and protecting him from delinquencies through preventive measures before and after his birth, such as choosing a good mother for him before his birth, and choosing a good name, good education and other preventive measures after his birth. The Qatari child Law is concerned with the child before delinquency and put in place corrective and preventive measures for him. However, there are gaps in the measures adopted by the Qatari law to protect the child contrary to Islamic Sharia, which is evident in the scantiness of these measures and their need for review.
Using machine learning models to investigate the relationship between corporeal workload and clinical and epidemiological features of patients infected with Covid-19 in Egypt
Authors: Ahmed Ali. Torad  , Fayiz El-Shamy  , Ahmed Mahmoud Tayee  , Zeinab Sami Ahmed  
Published: June 2023

Objective: To explore if clinical and epidemiological features of patients positive for coronavirus disease-2019 are affected by somatic work stress.Method: The retrospective study was conducted at Kafrelsheik University Hospital, Egypt, and comprised data of patients admitted between April 1, to June 6, 2020, with confirmed coronavirus disease-2019 infection. Health records of healthy subjects who had come to the hospital as part of their routine check-up were also included for comparison, and the researchers were blinded during the gathering and analysis phase. Demographic features, vital signs, infection severity, somatic workload of the patients’ jobs at admission, and detailed discharge profile was noted. The relationshipbetween clinical features and somatic work stress was evaluated. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.Results: Of the 1072 cases, 602(56.2%) were men and 470(43.8%) were women. The overall median age was 43 years (interquartile range: 29 years). The healthy group had 500 random subjects. There were significant differences in all vital signs between the patients and healthy controls (p<0.05). Among the patients, infection severity was higher in men, but it was not significant (p>0.05). The overall mortality was 69(6.4%); 46(4.3%) men and 23(2.2%) women. There was no significant association between gender and outcome (p>0.05). There were 816(76.11%) patients with lowintensity physical workload pre-infection, 136(12.68%) moderate and 120(11.19%) high. Infection severity was significantly high in the low-intensity group (p<0.05). However, the fate of the patients was not significantly associatedwith their pre-infection work profile (p>0.05).Conclusion: Coronavirus disease-2019 significantly affected patients’ vital signs, and infection severity was significantly associated with physical work stress. However, mortality and pre-infection somatic workload were not associated.Keywords: Sulphur dioxide, COVID-19, Epidemiologists, Healthy volunteers, Polymerase, Demography.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Business Processes
Authors: Bharadiya Jasmin 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the challenges faced by businesses in integrating and effectively utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) technology. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how AI technologies generate business value and the anticipated benefits they offer. The study also seeks to identify the facilitators and inhibitors of AI adoption and usage, explore different types of AI use in the organizational environment, and analyze their first- and second-order impacts.
Methodology: The study employed the comprehensive literature review research design. The researchers conducted a systematic search using predefined criteria in databases such as Scopus and Web of Science. The search yielded 21 relevant papers that were analyzed and synthesized for this study. The data collection method relied on the examination of existing literature. Data analysis involved identifying key themes, trends, and insights from the selected papers. The researchers conducted a qualitative analysis to extract relevant findings and synthesized the information to derive meaningful conclusions.
Findings: The study revealed several insights regarding the integration and use of AI in businesses. This indicated that organizations struggle with understanding how AI technologies can generate value and how to effectively incorporate them into their operations. Lack of comprehensive knowledge about AI and its value generation processes was identified as a major barrier. Additionally, the study highlighted the facilitators and inhibitors of AI adoption and usage. It identified various types of AI applications in the organizational environment and explored their impacts on business operations. The findings shed light on the challenges businesses face in leveraging AI technology and suggested areas for further research.
Recommendations: To practitioners: The study emphasizes the importance of acquiring comprehensive knowledge about AI technologies and their potential value generation processes. To policy makers: The study highlights the need for supportive policies and regulations to foster AI adoption. It suggests creating an enabling environment that promotes AI research and development. Theory and Validation: The study may have been informed by existing theories related to AI adoption, organizational change, or innovation. Practice: To practitioners, the study underscores the importance of understanding the value and potential of AI technologies. Policy: To policy makers, the study emphasizes the need for policy frameworks that promote AI adoption and address associated challenges.
Demographic, clinical and genetic factors associated with COVID-19 disease susceptibility and mortality in a Kurdish population
Authors: Smail Shukur Wasman , Babaei Esmaeil , Amin Kawa 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a devastating pandemic that causes disease with a variability in susceptibility and mortality based on variants of various clinical and demographic factors, including particular genes among populations.

OBJECTIVES:

Determine associations of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the
ACE2, TMPRSS2, TNF
-α, and
IFN
-γ genes to the incidence of infection and mortality in COVID-19 patients.

DESIGN:
Prospective cohort study

SETTINGS:
Various cities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This prospective cohort study compared laboratory markers (D-dimer, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], C-reactive protein [CRP], lymphocyte and neutrophil counts) between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. DNA was extracted from blood, and genotypes were done by Sanger sequencing.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the
ACE2, TMPRSS2, TNF
-α, and
IFN
-γ genes and demographic characteristics and laboratory markers for predicting mortality in COVID-19.

SAMPLE SIZE:
203 (153 COVID-19 patients, 50 health control subjects).

RESULTS:

Forty-eight (31.4%) of the COVID-19 patients died. Age over 40 and comorbidities were risk factors for mortality, but the strongest associations were with serum IFN-γ, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and serum TNF-α. The AA genotype and A allele of
TMPRSS2
rs2070788 decreased while the GA genotype and A allele of
TNF
-α increased susceptibility to COVID-19. Patients with the GA genotype of TNF-α rs1800629 had shorter survival times (9.9 days) than those carrying the GG genotype (18.3 days) (
P
<.0001 by log-rank test). The GA genotype versus the GG genotype was associated with higher levels of serum TNF-α. The GA genotype increased mortality rates by up to 3.8 fold. The survival rate for COVID-19 patients carrying the
IFN
-γ rs2430561 TT genotype (58.5%) was lower than in patients with the TA and AA genotypes (80.3%). The TT genotype increased the risk of death (HR=3.664,
P
<.0001) and was linked to high serum IFN-γ production. Olfactory dysfunction was a predictor of survival among COVID-19 patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

Age older than 40, comorbidities, the NLR and particular genotypes for and the
IFN
-γ and
TNF
-α genes were risk factors for death. Larger studies in different populations must be conducted to validate the possible role of particular SNPs as genetic markers for disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 disease.

LIMITATIONS:
Small sample size.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.
Can pulse wave velocity measured preoperatively predict hypotension in hypertensive patients during anesthesia induction?
Authors: Yılmaz Sinan , Ömürlü Imran Kurt 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
During the induction of general anesthesia, hemodynamic instability is a common occurrence in elderly hypertensive patients with increased arterial stiffness, which can cause undesirable complications. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an important indicator of arterial stiffness.

OBJECTIVES:
Investigate if preoperatively measured PWV is related to hemodynamic changes during induction of general anesthesia.

DESIGN:
Prospective, case control.

SETTING:
University hospital.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The study was carried out between December 2018 and December 2019 in patients 50 years or older scheduled for elective otolaryngology with endotracheal intubation and who had an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of I or II. Patients diagnosed with hypertension (HT) or receiving treatment for hypertension for systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg were compared with non-hypertensive patients (non-HT) of matching age and gender.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
PWV values between HT and non-HT patients and hypotension rates at the 30th second of induction, the 30th second of intubation, and the 90th second of intubation between the HT and non-HT groups.

SAMPLE SIZE:
139 (95 with HT and 44 non-HT)

RESULTS:

PWV was higher in the HT group than in the non-HT group (
P
<.001). Hypotension at the 30th second of intubation in the HT group was significantly more frequent than in the non-HT group (
P
=.025). PWV was higher in hypotensive (n=62) than in non-hypotensive patients but the difference was statistically significant only for PWV measured at 30th second of intubation (n=77) (
P
=.018).

CONCLUSIONS:
The easily and non-invasively measured preoperative PWV may be an effective means of predicting hypotension during the induction of general anesthesia at the 30th second of intubation in HT patients.

LIMITATIONS:
Numbers of patients in the groups were not the same, and the study was not sufficiently powered to investigate the effect of hypertensive medications on PWV and arterial stiffness.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.
Association of intraoperative lactate elevation and postoperative mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing craniotomy: retrospective analysis
Authors: Kılbasanlı Seval , Özkalkanlı Murat Yaşar 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Intraoperative lactate levels increase in patients undergoing craniotomy, but the reason is not yet fully known. High levels of intraoperative lactate are associated with mortality and morbidity in patients with septic shock and abdominal and cardiac surgery.

OBJECTIVES:
Investigate whether intraoperative lactate elevation is associated with postoperative systemic and neurological complications and mortality in craniotomy.

DESIGN:
Retrospective study

SETTING:
University hospital in Turkey.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
In this study, we included patients who underwent elective intracranial tumor surgery in our hospital between 1 January 2018, and 31 December 2018. According to the level of intraoperative lactate, patients were divided into two groups: high (≥2.1 mmol/L) and normal (<2.1 mmol/L). The groups were compared by the presence of postoperative new neurological deficits, postoperative surgical and medical complications, mechanical ventilation duration, 30-day mortality, in-hospital mortality, and hospital stay length. Cox regression analysis was performed for the 30-day mortality outcome.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Association between intraoperative lactate levels and postoperative 30-day mortality.

SAMPLE SIZE:
163 patients with lactate data.

RESULTS:

While no significant difference was found between the groups regarding age, gender, ASA score, tumor location, operation time and pathology results, preoperative neurologic deficits were higher in the high intraoperative lactate group (
P
=.017). No statically significant difference was found between the groups for postoperative neurological deficit, need for prolonged mechanical ventilation, and hospital stay length. The postoperative 30-day mortality rate was higher in the group with high intraoperative lactate (
P
=.028). High lactate and medical complications were significant in the Cox analysis.

CONCLUSION:
Intraoperative lactate elevation was associated with postoperative 30-day mortality in patients undergoing craniotomy. The intraoperative level of lactate is an important mortality predictor in patients undergoing craniotomy.

LIMITATIONS:
Retrospective design and single-centered, missing most data for several variables.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.
Prevalence of bacterial bloodstream infections and association between neutropenia and 30-day mortality among oncology inpatients at a university hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Binkhamis Khalifa , Aldakhil Ibrahim , Alhawas Abdulrahman , Alsaleh Alwaleed , Albaroudi Amjad , Almuhanna Bader , Makkawi Mohaned , Alzahrani Musa 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Cancer patients are highly prone to develop bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI) and are also at risk of neutropenia. Knowledge of the prevalence of these infections and whether neutropenia is associated with a change in mortality is important to more effective management and reducing mortality and morbidity.

OBJECTIVES:
Estimate the prevalence of bacterial BSI among oncology inpatients and assess the associations of 30-day mortality with Gram stain results and neutropenia.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cross-sectional

SETTING:
University hospital in Saudi Arabia.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
We retrieved records of oncology inpatients at King Khalid University Hospital, excluding patients without malignancy and with non-bacterial BSI. The number of records included in the analysis was reduced based on a sample size calculation and systematic random sampling used to select patients to include in the study.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Prevalence of bacterial BSI and association between neutropenia and 30-day mortality.

SAMPLE SIZE:
423.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of bacterial bloodstream infections was 18.9% (n=80). Gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent (n=48, 60.0%) than gram-positive bacteria, with the most common being
Escherichia coli
(n=20, 25.0%). The 23 patients (28.8%) who died included 16 (69.6%) with gram-negative infections and 7 (30.4%) with gram-positive infections. There was no statistically significant association of bacterial BSI-related 30-day mortality with Gram stain (
P
=.32). Of 18 patients (22.5%) who were neutropenic, only one (5.6%) died. Sixty-two (77.5%) patients were non-neutropenic, of whom 22 (35.50%) died. We found a statistically significant association between the presence of neutropenia and bacterial BSI-related 30-day mortality (
P
=.016), with mortality being lower among neutropenic patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
Gram-negative bacteria are more prevalent in bacterial BSI than gram-positive bacteria. No statistically significant association of Gram stain result with mortality was found. However, the 30-day mortality rate was lower among neutropenic patients than among non-neutropenic patients. We recommend further investigation with a larger sample size in multiple regions to further unravel the association of neutropenia with bacterial bloodstream infection-related 30-day mortality.

LIMITATIONS:
Lack of regional data and sample size.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.