bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homelessness in the district of Nipissing of Ontario, Canada before, at the onset and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a trend analysis (2018–2021)
Authors: Odd Megan , Erfani Amir 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Homelessness is a growing social concern experienced across Canada. In Ontario, specifically in the District of Nipissing, the issue has become larger with an increasing number of homeless individuals. Previous research has described the demographic composition of the homeless population both in the Nipissing District of Ontario and in the city of North Bay. However, no studies have examined homelessness in this region before, at the beginning and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research investigates structural and individual-level barriers and factors that are associated with becoming homeless or remaining homeless.

Methods
This study utilizes data from the 2018 (n = 147), 2020 (n = 254), and 2021 (n = 207) homelessness enumeration surveys, conducted in the District of Nipissing, Ontario by the District of Nipissing Social Services Administration Board. This study employs quantitative, descriptive analyses to examine trends and socio-demographic variations in the reasons of homelessness, barriers to housing, episodic and chronic homelessness before, at the beginning, and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
The results revealed a rise in the proportion of male homeless (57% vs. 64%), and first-time homelessness among those aged 35–44 (3%, vs. 15%) and 55–64 (1% vs. 5%) at the onset and during the pandemic. The sleep location of homeless individuals was also influenced by the pandemic, where emergency shelter use dropped to half during 2020–2021(33% vs. 17%), while the use of locations (hotel/motels) where proper pandemic protocols and social distancing were possible increased sharply from 2 to 12% of homeless individuals. With the onset of the pandemic, chronic homelessness and one-episodic homelessness increased, suggesting that individuals are becoming homeless and staying homeless for prolonged periods. The barriers to housing during the pandemic were largely addiction, substance use and the inaccessibility of safe and secure rental units, while the corresponding barriers before the pandemic were mainly low income.

Conclusions
The rise in male homelessness, age at first-time homelessness and interpersonal conflict causing homelessness at the onset and during the pandemic suggest that policy makers need to focus on providing homeless supports to these groups of homeless populations at the time of pandemic.
Molecular epidemiology of non-falciparum Plasmodium infections in three different areas of the Ivory Coast
Authors: Miezan Assohoun J. S. , Gnagne Akpa P. , Bedia-Tanoh Akoua V. , Kone Estelle G. M. , Konate-Toure Abibatou A. , Angora Kpongbo E. , Bosson-Vanga Abo H. , Kassi Kondo F. , Kiki-Barro Pulchérie C. M. , Djohan Vincent , Menan Hervé E. I. , Yavo William 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Malaria is a major public health problem, particularly in the tropical regions of America, Africa and Asia. Plasmodium falciparum is not only the most widespread but also the most deadly species. The share of Plasmodium infections caused by the other species (Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae) is clearly underestimated. The objective of the study was to determine the molecular epidemiology of plasmodial infection due to P. malariae and P. ovale in Côte d'Ivoire.

Methods
The study was cross-sectional. The study participants were recruited from Abengourou, San Pedro and Grand-Bassam. Sample collection took place from May 2015 to April 2016. Questionnaires were administered and filter paper blood samples were collected for parasite DNA extraction. The molecular analysis was carried out from February to March 2021. A nested PCR was used for species diagnosis. The data was presented in frequencies and proportions.

Results
A total of 360 patients were recruited, including 179 men (49,7%) for 181 women (50,3%). The overall Plasmodium positive rate was 72.5% (261/360). The specific index was 77.4% and 1.5% for P. falciparum and P. malariae in mono-infection, respectively. There was also 15% P. falciparum and P. malariae co-infection, 3.4% P. falciparum and P. ovale co-infection and 2.3% P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale triple-infection. Typing of P. ovale subspecies showed a significant predominance of P. ovale curtisi (81.2% of cases).

Conclusion
Plasmodium falciparum remains the most prevalent malaria species in Côte d'Ivoire, but P. malariae and P. ovale are also endemic mostly in co-infection. Malaria elimination requires a better understanding of the specific epidemiological characteristics of P. malariae and P. ovale with a particular emphasis on the identification of asymptomatic carriers.
The application of Aptamer in biomarker discovery
Authors: Li Yongshu , TAM Winnie Wailing , Yu Yuanyuan , Zhuo Zhenjian , Xue Zhichao , Tsang Chiman , Qiao Xiaoting , Wang Xiaokang , Wang Weijing , Li Yongyi , Tu Yanyang , Gao Yunhua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiomarkers are detectable molecules that can reflect specific physiological states of cells, organs, and organisms and therefore be regarded as indicators for specific diseases. And the discovery of biomarkers plays an essential role in cancer management from the initial diagnosis to the final treatment regime. Practically, reliable clinical biomarkers are still limited, restricted by the suboptimal methods in biomarker discovery. Nucleic acid aptamers nowadays could be used as a powerful tool in the discovery of protein biomarkers. Nucleic acid aptamers are single-strand oligonucleotides that can specifically bind to various targets with high affinity. As artificial ssDNA or RNA, aptamers possess unique advantages compared to conventional antibodies. They can be flexible in design, low immunogenicity, relative chemical/thermos stability, as well as modifying convenience. Several SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) based methods have been generated recently to construct aptamers for discovering new biomarkers in different cell locations. Secretome SELEX-based aptamers selection can facilitate the identification of secreted protein biomarkers. The aptamers developed by cell-SELEX can be used to unveil those biomarkers presented on the cell surface. The aptamers from tissue-SELEX could target intracellular biomarkers. And as a multiplexed protein biomarker detection technology, aptamer-based SOMAScan can analyze thousands of proteins in a single run. In this review, we will introduce the principle and workflow of variations of SELEX-based methods, including secretome SELEX, ADAPT, Cell-SELEX and tissue SELEX. Another powerful proteome analyzing tool, SOMAScan, will also be covered. In the second half of this review, how these methods accelerate biomarker discovery in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, will be discussed.
Phase II Study of Olaparib and Temozolomide for Advanced Uterine Leiomyosarcoma (NCI Protocol 10250)
Authors: Ingham Matthew , Allred Jacob B. , Chen Li , Das Biswasjit , Kochupurakkal Bose , Gano Katherine , George Suzanne , Attia Steven , Burgess Melissa A. , Seetharam Mahesh , Boikos Sosipatros A. , Bui Nam , Chen James L. , Close Julia L. , Cote Gregory M. , Thaker Premal H. , Ivy S. Percy , Bose Sminu , D'Andrea Alan , Marino-Enriquez Adrian , Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Schwartz Gary K. 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is an aggressive subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma with frequent metastatic relapse after curative surgery. Chemotherapy provides limited benefit for advanced disease. Multiomics profiling studies have identified homologous recombination deficiency in uLMS. In preclinical studies where olaparib and temozolomide provided modest activity, the combination was highly effective for inhibiting uLMS tumor growth. PATIENTS AND METHODS NCI Protocol 10250 is a single-arm, open-label, multicenter, phase II study evaluating olaparib and temozolomide in advanced uLMS. Patients with progression on ≥1 prior line received temozolomide 75 mg/m2 orally once daily with olaparib 200 mg orally twice a day both on days 1-7 in 21-day cycles. The primary end point was the best objective response rate (ORR) within 6 months. A one-stage binomial design was used. If ≥5 of 22 responded, the treatment would be considered promising (93% power; α = .06). All patients underwent paired biopsies that were evaluated with whole-exome sequencing (WES)/RNAseq and a RAD51 foci formation assay. RESULTS Twenty-two patients were evaluable. The median age was 55 years, and 59% had received three or more prior lines. Best ORR within 6 months was 23% (5 of 22). The overall ORR was 27% (6 of 22). The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.4 months to not estimable). Hematologic toxicity was common (grade 3/4 neutropenia: 75%; thrombocytopenia: 32%) but manageable with dose modification. Five of 16 (31%) of tumors contained a deleterious homologous recombination gene alteration by WES, and 9 of 18 (50%) were homologous recombination-deficient by the RAD51 assay. In an exploratory analysis, mPFS was prolonged for patients with homologous recombination-deficient versus homologous recombination-proficient tumors (11.2 v 5.4 months, P = .05) by RAD51. CONCLUSION Olaparib and temozolomide met the prespecified primary end point and provided meaningful clinical benefit in patients with advanced, pretreated uLMS.
Physical activity, sedentary behavior and pancreatitis risk: Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ling Ruiqi , Liang Juan , Mo Shaojian , Qi Jiabao , Fu Xifeng , Tian Yanzhang 
Published: July 2023

Background
Although observational studies have shown that physical activity is a protective factor for acute pancreatitis, the causal associations between PA/ sedentary behavior and acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) remain unclear.

Methods
We used Mendelian randomization as a strategy to assess the causalities between exposures and outcomes by simulating randomized experiments with genetic variation. The collected genetic variants data of physical activity were from UK Biobank, the data on sedentary behavior were also from UK Biobank, and both of them could be found in the GWAS catalog, and the data on AP and CP were from FinnGen. There were three physical activity related activity patterns (moderate to vigorous physical activity [MVPA], accelerometer-based physical activity with average acceleration, [AccAve] and accelerometer-based physical activity with accelerations >425 milli-gravities, [Acc425]) and three sedentary behavior-related lifestyle patterns (Leisure screen time [LST], Sedentary commuting, Sedentary behavior at work). We used inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median and MR-Egger for the analysis of Mendelian randomization, followed by sensitivity tests with the Cochran Q test, MR-Egger intercepts analysis and MR-PRESSO.

Results
A causal relationship was found between LST and acute pancreatitis based on IVW analysis (odds ratios [OR] = 1.38, corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.16–1.64, p = 0.0002) and there were no causal relationships between physical activity/sedentary behavior and chronic pancreatitis. Sensitivity analysis showed no pleiotropy and heterogeneity of the results.

Conclusions
Results show that reducing LST contributes to the prevention of acute pancreatitis, thereby reducing the health burden associated with it.
Studying infant mortality: A demographic analysis based on data mining models
Authors: Satti Muhammad Islam , Ali Mir Wajid , Irshad Azeem , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Child mortality, particularly among infants below 5 years, is a significant community well-being concern worldwide. The health sector’s top priority in emerging states is to minimize children’s death and enhance infant health. Despite a substantial decrease in worldwide deaths of children below 5 years, it remains a significant community well-being concern. Children under five years of age died at 37 per 1,000 live birth globally in 2020. However, in underdeveloped countries such as Pakistan and Ethiopia, the fatality rate of children per 1,000 live birth is 65.2 and 48.7, respectively, making it challenging to reduce. Predictive analytics approaches have become well-known for predicting future trends based on previous data and extracting meaningful patterns and connections between parameters in the healthcare industry. As a result, the objective of this study was to use data mining techniques to categorize and highlight the important causes of infant death. Datasets from the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey and the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey revealed key characteristics in terms of factors that influence child mortality. A total of 12,654 and 12,869 records from both datasets were examined using the Bayesian network, tree (J-48), rule induction (PART), random forest, and multi-level perceptron techniques. On both datasets, various techniques were evaluated with the aforementioned classifiers. The best average accuracy of 97.8% was achieved by the best model, which forecasts the frequency of child deaths. This model can therefore estimate the mortality rates of children under five years in Ethiopia and Pakistan. Therefore, an online model to forecast child death based on our research is urgently needed and will be a useful intervention in healthcare.
Predictive modeling of adverse drug reactions to tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer on base of pharmacogenomic testing
Authors: Golubenko Ekaterina Olegovna , Savelyeva Marina Ivanovna , Sozaeva Zhannet Alimovna , Korennaya Vera Vyacheslavovna , Poddubnaya Irina Vladimirovna , Valiev Timur Tejmurazovich , Kondratenko Svetlana Nikolaevna , Ilyin Mikhail Vitalyevich 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The present study investigated the analysis of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to tamoxifen (TAM) in breast cancer patients in relation to the carriage of genetic polymorphisms of genes encoding enzymes of CYP system and transporters of P-glycoprotein (Pg) and predictive models based on it.

Methods
A total of 120 women with breast cancer taking adjuvant TAM were examined for the gene polymorphisms such as CYP2D6*4, CYP3A5*3, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3 and ABCB1 (C3435T). Allelic variants were determined using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. The research material was double sampling of buccal epithelium. Medical history data and extracts from case histories were used as sources of medical information, on the basis of which questionnaires specially created by us were filled out.

Results
An associative analysis showed association with the development of ADRs to TAM indicating their clinical significance from different genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, CYP3A5, CYP2C9 and ABCB1. The complex associative analysis performed using mathematical modeling made it possible to build predictive risk models for the development of ADRs such as hot flashes, dyspepsia, bone pain, and asthenia.

Conclusions
Models that include both genetic and non-genetic determinants of ADRs of TAM may further improve the prediction of individual response to TAM.
Comparison of L1 and L5 GPS smartphone absolute positioning results
Authors: Uradziński Marcin , Bakuła Mieczysław 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The paper presents the analysis of single-point GPS positioning results obtained from smartphones, using code observations on the L1 and L5 frequencies. In this research we used two Huawei P30 Pro mobile phones and one geodetic receiver (Javad Alpha) acting as the reference receiver. Smartphones were placed at an equal distance of 0.5 m from this receiver. Such a close distance was specially planned by the authors in order to achieve identical observation conditions. Thus, it was possible to compare the accuracy of GPS positioning using pseudoranges on the L1 and L5 frequencies for individual observation epochs. The analysis was carried out from static GPS positioning, using the results from the open-source RTKLib software. In general, the usefulness of code measurements on the L5 frequency to determine the GPS position made it possible to increase the accuracy by several times with respect to the positions determined using the C/A code on the L1 frequency. Average errors of horizontal and vertical coordinates were about 70 % lower for the GPS solution using the L5 code observations than using the L1 code observations. Based on statistical analysis, a horizontal accuracy of about 0.45 m and vertical accuracy of about 1.8 m (STDEV) with only five GPS satellites may be obtained using a smartphone with L5 code observations.
Computational analysis and biomechanical study of Oldroyd-B fluid with homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions through a vertical non-uniform channel
Authors: Deebani Wejdan , Rooman Muhammad , Vrinceanu Narcisa , Shah Zahir , Shutaywi Meshal , Jeli Roqia Abdullah A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions play a decisive role in biological procedures such as burning, polymer creation, ceramic construction, distillation, and catalysis. The magnetic properties of hemoglobin molecules are organic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electronic components with an electromagnetic field are now readily available, allowing for the explanation of fundamental biological processes. These ideas form the foundation of an ongoing study that attempts to look into the impact of both homogeneous and heterogeneous reactivity on the peristaltic transport of magnetohydrodynamics Oldroyd-B fluid. When convective and partial sliding conditions are present, the configuration changes to a non-uniform vertical channel. The fundamental partial differential equations are resolved utilizing the Homotopy Analysis Method. Entropy optimization has been carried out. The primary limits entering the problem are investigated, and then a graph is used to show the influences of temperature, velocity, skin fraction, Nusselt number, and pressure increase against mean circulation, trapping phenomena, homogeneous reactions, and heterogeneous way to respond. When magnetic parameter rises, the velocity of Oldroyd-B fluid and Bejan number decrease, while temperature, entropy generation, and pressure gradient increase. The tables show that the skin friction coefficient rises for accumulative values of the Grashof number and magnetic parameter, while the skin friction coefficient drops for rising values of the velocity slip parameter and Reynolds number. The Nusselt number increases for large values of Eckert, Grashof numbers, and magnetic parameters.
Zebra fish behavioral assessment by using Calycophyllum Spruceanum bark methanolic extract
Authors: Rai Abhay Ranjan , Singh Rajbala , Singh Shweta 
Published: July 2023

In neurobehavioral research, animal model has played a crucial role in yielding experimental data as well as, in the development of new insights. Researchers are always trying to develop novel animal models to understand fundamental features of physiological, behavioral and psychological disorders. Zebra fish (Danio rerio) is now considered globally as a new and useful model in biomedical research. The objective of the present study was to assess behavioral changes in adult zebra fish after acute exposure to different pharmacological and herbal compound. Adult zebra fish of 4-5-months-old were exposed to different concentrations of unknown test drug with the standard for 5 min. The test was conducted separately for each drug concentration as well as control. Behavioral activity parameters viz. novel tank test and light and dark transition test were recorded for each animal during the exposure period. Results: Zebra fish exposed to Test drug (Calycophyllum Spruceanum) showed change in behavioral activity with significant to the standard drug caffeine. In view of the above findings, these results suggested that exposure of adult zebra fish with drug produce the expected changes in the behavior like stress and anxiety; therefore, adult zebra fish can be used an alternative approach for the assessment of new chemical entities for their effect on behavioral activity.Dark Transition Test.
Climate Extremes and Protests in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, 1995-2013
Authors: Werum Regina Elisabeth , Schaefer Daniel , Zhang Beichen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Scientists have shown a relationship between climate conditions and social unrest, specifically related to temperature and precipitation trends. Though deviations from historically normative patterns are becoming more pronounced, it remains unclear to what extent they affect protests, linearly and otherwise. Similarly, we know little about the extent to which climate anomalies create contemporaneous versus lagged effects on protests. To address these questions, we examine determinants of protest levels between 1995 and 2013 in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.
Our innovative methodology involves modeling geocoded, media-reported protests (derived from the Integrated Crisis Early Warning System) at 0.5x0.5 degree geospatial resolution, using unobtrusive, satellite-derived data on temperature and precipitation patterns and historical deviations. We also integrate comparable satellite data on nightlight pollution. Properties of our outcome variable require negative binomial regression analysis.
We find that, net of controls gauging local demographic and country-level dynamics, temperatures and precipitation directly impact protests in unexpected ways: In any given year and location, protests are strongly, positively associated with heavy precipitation and with higher temperature levels. Protests are also strongly, positively associated with historical deviations in precipitation patterns. This applies to anomalies related to both wetness and dryness. Finally, historically aberrant precipitation has pronounced curvilinear, lagged effectson protest levels. We situate these complex findings in light of classic, structurally based arguments grounded in social science theory.
Study on vibration performance and comfort of glulam beam and deck floor
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Miao Changqing , Wang Zheng , Xu Zhaodong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the dynamic characteristics of the glued-laminated-timber (glulam) floor in China's tallest wooden office building and establishes a Finite Element (FE) model. The FE model's applicability is verified through experiments. The study investigates the effect of Reinforced Ribbed Wood Beams (RRTB) on floor vibration characteristics and evaluates the comfort index. Ambient Vibration Test (AVT) and human walking tests was carried out on the specific floor. The results show that the RRTB significantly increase the overall stiffness of the floor, and change the natural frequency and modal vibration shape of the floor. The thickness of the RRTB has a more significant effect on the dynamic characteristics of the floor compared to its width. The static deflection of the floor is the most sensitive to the size change of the reinforced ribs, compared to the fundamental frequency and maximum displacement. For high-rise glulam building floors, AVT can be effectively applied to fundamental frequency testing; Even if the fundamental frequency of the floor meets the comfort index, acceleration and velocity amplitude tests are still necessary.