bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio predicts survival and is epigenetically linked to miR-222-3p and miR-26b-5p in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Metwally Ayman Mohamed , Kasem Ameera Abdel Hamed Mahmoud , Youssif Magda Ismail , Hassan Safia Mohammed , Abdel Wahab Abdel Hady A. , Refaat Lobna Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 10–20% of the patients present with bone marrow (BM) involvement which predicts a worse survival. This study aimed to determine the prognostic significance of serum miR-222-3p, miR-26b-5p, EBV-miR-BHRF1-2-5p, and EBV-miR-BHRF1-2-3p and correlate their levels to clinical and haematological markers in DLBCL with special emphasis on the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) and neutrophil-monocyte ratio. We also studied the role of BM BMI1 and PIM2 proteins in predicting BM infiltration. Serum miRNAs were studied on 40 DLBCL and 18 normal individuals using qRT-PCR. BMI1 and PIM2 proteins were studied on BM biopsies by immunohistochemistry. The results were correlated with clinical and follow-up data. All the studied miRNAs were dysregulated in DLBCL serum samples. BMI1 and PIM2 were expressed in 67% and 77.5% of BM samples, respectively. LMR was significantly associated with disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.022), miR-222-3P (P = 0.043), and miR-26b-5p (P = 0.043). EBV-miR-BHRF1-2-3p was significantly correlated to haemoglobin level (P = 0.027). MiR-222-3p, miR-26b-5p, and EBV-miR-BHRF1-2-5p expressions were significantly correlated to each other (P = 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the studied markers and follow-up data. LMR is a simple method for predicting survival in DLBCL. MiR-222-3p and miR-26b-5p may be implicated in an immunological mechanism affecting patients’ immunity and accordingly influence LMR. The correlation between miR-222-3p, miR-26b-5p, and EBV-miR-BHRF1-2-5p may indicate a common mechanism among the 3 miRNAs that may explain DLBCL pathogenesis.
Cooperative and conformist behavioural preferences predict the dual dimensions of political ideology
Authors: Claessens Scott , Sibley Chris G. , Chaudhuri Ananish , Atkinson Quentin D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDecades of research suggest that our political differences are best captured by two dimensions of political ideology. The dual evolutionary framework of political ideology predicts that these dimensions should be related to variation in social preferences for cooperation and group conformity. Here, we combine data from a New Zealand survey and a suite of incentivised behavioural tasks (n = 991) to test whether cooperative and conformist preferences covary with a pair of widely used measures of the two dimensions of political ideology—Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and Right Wing Authoritarianism (RWA)—and related policy views. As predicted, we find that cooperative behaviour is negatively related to SDO and economically conservative policy views, while conformist behaviour in the form of social information use is positively related to RWA and socially conservative policy views. However, we did not find the predicted relationships between punitive and rule following behaviours and RWA or socially conservative views, raising questions about the interpretation of punishment and rule following tasks and the nature of authoritarian conformist preferences. These findings reveal how cooperative and conformist preferences that evolved to help us navigate social challenges in our ancestral past continue to track our political differences even today.
Design of high gain base station antenna array for mm-wave cellular communication systems
Authors: Sehrai Daniyal Ali , Khan Jalal , Abdullah Mujeeb , Asif Muhammad , Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Virdee Bal , Shah Wahab Ali , Khan Salahuddin , Ibrar Muhammad , Jan Saeedullah , Ullah Amjad , Falcone Francisco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMillimeter wave (mm-Wave) wireless communication systems require high gain antennas to overcome path loss effects and thereby enhance system coverage. This paper presents the design and analysis of an antenna array for high gain performance of future mm-wave 5G communication systems. The proposed antenna is based on planar microstrip technology and fabricated on 0.254 mm thick dielectric substrate (Rogers-5880) having a relative permittivity of 2.2 and loss tangent of 0.0009. The single radiating element used to construct the antenna array is a microstrip patch that has a configuration resembling a two-pronged fork. The single radiator has a realized gain of 7.6 dBi. To achieve the gain required by 5G base stations, a 64-element array antenna design is proposed which has a bore side gain of 21.2 dBi at 37.2 GHz. The 8 × 8, 8 × 16, and 8 × 32 antenna array designs described here were simulated and optimized using CST Microwave Studio, which is a 3D full-wave electromagnetic solver. The overall characteristics of the array in terms of reflection-coefficient and radiation patterns makes the proposed design suitable for mm-Wave 5G and other communication systems.
Characterization of human oxidoreductases involved in aldehyde odorant metabolism
Authors: Boichot Valentin , Menetrier Franck , Saliou Jean-Michel , Lirussi Frederic , Canon Francis , Folia Mireille , Heydel Jean-Marie , Hummel Thomas , Menzel Susanne , Steinke Maria , Hackenberg Stephan , Schwartz Mathieu , Neiers Fabrice 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOxidoreductases are major enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism. Consequently, they are essential in the chemoprotection of the human body. Many xenobiotic metabolism enzymes have been shown to be involved in chemosensory tissue protection. Among them, some were additionally shown to be involved in chemosensory perception, acting in signal termination as well as in the generation of metabolites that change the activation pattern of chemosensory receptors. Oxidoreductases, especially aldehyde dehydrogenases and aldo–keto reductases, are the first barrier against aldehyde compounds, which include numerous odorants. Using a mass spectrometry approach, we characterized the most highly expressed members of these families in the human nasal mucus sampled in the olfactory vicinity. Their expression was also demonstrated using immunohistochemistry in human epitheliums sampled in the olfactory vicinity. Recombinant enzymes corresponding to three highly expressed human oxidoreductases (ALDH1A1, ALDH3A1, AKR1B10) were used to demonstrate the high enzymatic activity of these enzymes toward aldehyde odorants. The structure‒function relationship set based on the enzymatic parameters characterization of a series of aldehyde odorant compounds was supported by the X-ray structure resolution of human ALDH3A1 in complex with octanal.
Revealing the diversity of internal body temperature and panting response for feedlot cattle under environmental thermal stress
Authors: Islam M. A. , Lomax S. , Doughty A. K. , Islam M. R. , Thomson P. C. , Clark C. E. F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCore body temperature (CBT) regulation is crucial for mammalian wellbeing and survival. Cattle pant to dissipate excess heat to regulate CBT when ambient conditions exceed thermoneutral zones. However, to date, neither the variability in cattle heat response, the lagged response of CBT to thermal indices, nor the diurnal patterns of thermal indices, CBT and panting have been reported in the literature. We decomposed thermal indices, CBT and panting time-series data for 99 feedlot heifers across three discrete heat events into diurnal, trend and residual components. Both raw and decomposed data were analysed to explore the lagged CBT and panting responses and the association between series. We show ambient thermal conditions impact CBT with a 1-h lag despite a lag of between 1.5 to 3 h from raw data. Average individual panting scores were used to identify heat-susceptible and heat-tolerant cattle. Heat-susceptible cattle showed greater CBT (P < 0.01) between 8:00 and 23:00 and greater panting duration (P < 0.05) between 10:00 and 18:00 than heat-tolerant cattle under the same thermal conditions and these variations followed a similar pattern despite differences in cattle breed. This new information enables targeted amelioration and selection of individuals against heat susceptibility.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted acetamide derivatives as potential butyrylcholinestrase inhibitors
Authors: Yu Dehong , Yang Can , Liu Yi , Lu Tao , Li Lizi , Chen Gang , Liu Zerong , Li Yanfang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of age-related dementia. Inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) emerge as an effective therapeutic target for AD. A series of new substituted acetamide derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit BChE. The bioassay results revealed that several compounds displayed attractive inhibition against BChE). Among them, compound 8c exhibited the highest BChE inhibition with IC50 values of 3.94 μM. Lineweaver Burk plot indicated that 8c acted as a mixed-type BChE inhibitor. In addition, docking studies confirmed the results obtained through in vitro experiments, and showed that 8c bound to the catalytic anionic site (CAS) and peripheral anionic site (PAS) of BChE active site. Meanwhile, its ADME parameters were approximated using in silico method. Molecular dynamics simulation studies on the complex of 8c-BChE were performed, RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, and the number of hydrogen bonds were calculated as well. These results implied that 8c could serve as appropriate lead molecule for the development of BChE inhibitor.
The acceleration effect of pump as turbine system during starting period
Authors: Zhang Yu-Liang , Li Jin-Fu , Zhu Zu-Chao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to reveal the influence of starting acceleration on starting process of a pump as turbine system, this paper carries out a numerical calculation of the three-dimensional viscous unsteady flow of pump as turbine circulating piping system under three starting acceleration conditions, and obtains the external and internal flow characteristics of each overflow component during the starting process, and also analyzes the energy loss of each component in the piping system in depth with the help of entropy production method and Q criterion method. The results show that during system start-up, the flow rate and outlet static pressure curves of the pump as turbine are hysteresis relative to the rotational speed, the head curve is similar to a linear rise during slow and medium speed start-up, while it shows a parabolic rise during rapid start-up, the entropy production and vorticity in the impeller domain of the pump as turbine are mainly distributed between the blades, and the distribution decreases during start-up. In addition, the pump similarity law does not apply to the performance prediction during the transient start of the pump as turbine.
Experimental study on strength and failure characteristics of sandstone rock mass with complex cataclastic structure using 3D printing models
Authors: Dong Shan , Lu Zhichun , Hu Xi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA cataclastic rock mass is a poor type of engineering geological rock mass. The determination of the shear failure characteristics and shear strengths of cataclastic rock masses can provide key basis for the design and construction of infrastructure. Physical model samples of a sandstone cataclastic rock mass were first produced by a combination of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology and manual pouring. Shear tests were conducted with respect to the shear stresses parallel to the trace line plane and perpendicular to the trace line plane of the cataclastic rock mass model. Based on an extensive analysis of the shear failure characteristic, shear stress evolution characteristic curve and shear strength. When the shear stress was parallel to the trace line plane, and when the rock block that was cut and confined by the trace line exhibited a significant tip, the end stress concentration effect of the cataclastic rock mass was more significant during the shear process with the anisotropy of the rock block increased. In addition, the shapes of the rock blocks that were confined and cut by the joints were the main influencing factors of the strength of the cataclastic rock mass. When the shear stress was perpendicular to the trace line plane, the structure of the rock wall was the main influencing factor of the deformation and failure process of the shear failure plane and the shear strength. The physical and mechanical properties of the shear failure plane of the cataclastic rock mass were found to be closely related to the joint–rock wall system characteristics of the cataclastic rock mass. Therefore, when determining the shear strength of cataclastic rock mass, the shape and combination form of the rock block, shear direction, and structural failure characteristics of the rock wall should be comprehensively considered during the shear process.
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing versus traditional laboratory methods for the diagnosis of central nervous system opportunistic infections in HIV-infected Chinese adults
Authors: Deng Liping , Li Qian , Hu Wenjia , Chen Xiaoping , Chen Tielong , Song Shihui , Mo Pingzheng , Zou Shi , Zhang Yongxi , Gao Shicheng , Chen Liangjun , Zhuang Ke , Yang Rongrong , Xiong Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo evaluate clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who had CNS disorders. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 48 PLWHA presenting with CNS disorders were sequenced using mNGS and compared with clinical conventional diagnostic methods. In total, 36/48 ss(75%) patients were diagnosed with pathogen(s) infection by mNGS, and the positive detection proportion by mNGS was higher than that by clinical conventional diagnostic methods (75% vs 52.1%, X2 = 5.441, P = 0.020). Thirteen out of 48 patients (27.1%) were detected with 3–7 pathogens by mNGS. Moreover, 77 pathogen strains were detected, of which 94.8% (73/77) by mNGS and 37.0% (30/77) by clinical conventional methods (X2 = 54.206, P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of pathogens detection by mNGS were 63.9% (23/36) and 66.7% (8/12), respectively, which were superior to that by clinical conventional methods (23/36 vs 9/25, X2 = 4.601, P = 0.032; 8/12 vs 5/23, X2 = 5.029, P = 0.009). The application of mNGS was superior for its ability to detect a variety of unknown pathogens and multiple pathogens infection, and relatively higher sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of CNS disorders in PLWHA.
Sedentary lifestyle with increased risk of obesity in urban adult academic professionals: an epidemiological study in West Bengal, India
Authors: Ghosh Sunandini , Paul Manabi , Mondal Kousik Kumar , Bhattacharjee Sandip , Bhattacharjee Pritha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEctopic fat deposition is more strongly associated with obesity-related health problems including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hypothyroidism, arthritis, etc. Our study aimed at identifying the cumulative role of several risk factors in developing obesity and the role of ectopic fat (visceral fat) in predicting cardiovascular disease risk in varied age groups among urban adult academic professionals in West Bengal. 650 adults (Male = 456; Female = 194) associated with the academic job (age 20–65 years) in urban West Bengal were randomly selected for anthropometric, blood biochemical, and questionnaire-based analyses. Body Mass Index and Visceral Fat% exhibited comparable association with all the other anthropometric parameters (e.g. Whole body Subcutaneous fat%: male-Linear Regression Comparison: F = 11.68; P < 0.001; female-F = 6.11; P < 0.01). Therefore, VF% acts as a risk factor alongside BMI in instances where BMI fails alone. The presence of T2DM, hypertension, and hypothyroidism in the case groups confirmed their obesity-associated longitudinal pattern of inheritance. Unhealthy diet pattern indicates improper liver function, vitamin D deficiency, and increased erythrocytic inflammation. An overall sedentary lifestyle with parental history of obesity was found to be significant in the longitudinal transmission of the disease.
Variability of fluorescence intensity distribution measured by flow cytometry is influenced by cell size and cell cycle progression
Authors: Fedr Radek , Kahounová Zuzana , Remšík Ján , Reiterová Michaela , Kalina Tomáš , Souček Karel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe distribution of fluorescence signals measured with flow cytometry can be influenced by several factors, including qualitative and quantitative properties of the used fluorochromes, optical properties of the detection system, as well as the variability within the analyzed cell population itself. Most of the single cell samples prepared from in vitrocultures or clinical specimens contain a variable cell cycle component. Cell cycle, together with changes in the cell size, are two of the factors that alter the functional properties of analyzed cells and thus affect the interpretation of obtained results. Here, we describe the association between cell cycle status and cell size, and the variability in the distribution of fluorescence intensity as determined with flow cytometry, at population scale. We show that variability in the distribution of background and specific fluorescence signals is related to the cell cycle state of the selected population, with the 10% low fluorescence signal fraction enriched mainly in cells in their G0/G1 cell cycle phase, and the 10% high fraction containing cells mostly in the G2/M phase. Therefore we advise using caution and additional experimental validation when comparing populations defined by fractions at both ends of fluorescence signal distribution to avoid biases caused by the effect of cell cycle and cell size.
Survivability of the lichen Xanthoria parietina in simulated Martian environmental conditions
Authors: Lorenz Christian , Bianchi Elisabetta , Poggiali Giovanni , Alemanno Giulia , Benesperi Renato , Brucato John Robert , Garland Stephen , Helbert Jörn , Loppi Stefano , Lorek Andreas , Maturilli Alessandro , Papini Alessio , de Vera Jean-Pierre , Baqué Mickaël 
Published: March 2023

AbstractXanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. is a widely spread foliose lichen showing high tolerance against UV-radiation thanks to parietin, a secondary lichen substance. We exposed samples of X. parietina under simulated Martian conditions for 30 days to explore its survivability. The lichen’s vitality was monitored via chlorophyll a fluorescence that gives an indication for active light reaction of photosynthesis, performing in situ and after-treatment analyses. Raman spectroscopy and TEM were used to evaluate carotenoid preservation and possible variations in the photobiont’s ultrastructure respectively. Significant differences in the photo-efficiency between UV irradiated samples and dark-kept samples were observed. Fluorescence values correlated with temperature and humidity day-night cycles. The photo-efficiency recovery showed that UV irradiation caused significant effects on the photosynthetic light reaction. Raman spectroscopy showed that the carotenoid signal from UV exposed samples decreased significantly after the exposure. TEM observations confirmed that UV exposed samples were the most affected by the treatment, showing chloroplastidial disorganization in photobionts’ cells. Overall, X. parietina was able to survive the simulated Mars conditions, and for this reason it may be considered as a candidate for space long-term space exposure and evaluations of the parietin photodegradability.
Temporal visitation patterns of points of interest in cities on a planetary scale: a network science and machine learning approach
Authors: Betancourt Francisco , Riascos Alejandro P. , Mateos José L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe aim to study the temporal patterns of activity in points of interest of cities around the world. In order to do so, we use the data provided by the online location-based social network Foursquare, where users make check-ins that indicate points of interest in the city. The data set comprises more than 90 million check-ins in 632 cities of 87 countries in 5 continents. We analyzed more than 11 million points of interest including all sorts of places: airports, restaurants, parks, hospitals, and many others. With this information, we obtained spatial and temporal patterns of activities for each city. We quantify similarities and differences of these patterns for all the cities involved and construct a network connecting pairs of cities. The links of this network indicate the similarity of temporal visitation patterns of points of interest between cities and is quantified with the Kullback-Leibler divergence between two distributions. Then, we obtained the community structure of this network and the geographic distribution of these communities worldwide. For comparison, we also use a Machine Learning algorithm—unsupervised agglomerative clustering—to obtain clusters or communities of cities with similar patterns. The main result is that both approaches give the same classification of five communities belonging to five different continents worldwide. This suggests that temporal patterns of activity can be universal, with some geographical, historical, and cultural variations, on a planetary scale.
Steroid hormone levels and bone mineral density in women over 65 years of age
Authors: Nunes Elsa , Gallardo Eugenia , Morgado-Nunes Sara , Fonseca-Moutinho José 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrevious studies using immunoassays for steroid measurements have focused on the association between steroid hormone levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women, obtaining contradictory results. This study aimed to assess this association using a highly sensitive bioanalytical method. A total of 68 postmenopausal women, aged 65–89 years, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Measurements of the BMD of the hip and lumbar spine were performed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and serum hormone levels were quantified by gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Associations between estradiol (E2), testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione and T score levels of the hip and lumbar spine were evaluated, after adjustment for confounding variables. The analysis revealed a statistically significant association between testosterone and the T score of the hip (p = 0.035), but not that of the lumbar spine. No statistically significant associations were found between E2, DHEA, androstenedione and the T scores of the hip and the lumbar spine. Using a highly sensitive hormone assay method, our study identified a significant association between testosterone and BMD of the hip in women over 65 years of age, suggesting that lower testosterone increases the risk of osteoporosis.