bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential transformation of seagrass (Syringodium isoetifolium) into a bioactive food ingredient using different extraction techniques
Authors: Susilo Bambang , Oktavianty Oke , Rahayu Farida , Handayani Midia Lestari Wahyu , Rohim Abd 
Published: August 2023

Background: Syringodium isoetifolium is a seagrass that grows abundantly in Indonesian territorial waters and has been known to be of high significance not only for the seawater ecosystem, but also for human beings (as food, nutritional and pharmaceutical products). In this study, the bioactive constituent of Syringodium isoetifolium was extracted using several different techniques to recover a maximum yield. Methods: Extraction was carried out by conventional and non-conventional (Microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction-bath system, and ultrasound-assisted extraction- (UAE) probe system) techniques with green solvents (water, 50% ethanol, and 100% ethanol). Results: As a result, 50% ethanol and water extracts exhibited a significantly higher yield. Total phenol content was significantly higher for 50% ethanol extract. Different extraction techniques (using 50% ethanol solvent) showed that the UAE-probe was the best technique since it yielded the highest total phenol (17.37 ± 2.16 mg GAE/g) and the richest bioactive compounds (Choline, betaine, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 7-Hydroxycoumarine, 4-Methoxycinnamic acid, Zearalenone, Caffeic acid, Levalbuterol, Phloretin, Dihydrocaffeic acid, Quercetin-3β-D-glucoside and Quercetin). Interestingly, choline was the most abundant compound in the extract obtained with different extraction techniques. In this in silico assay, choline from seagrass extract was shown as an anti-inflammatory. The interaction pathway of the choline compound with receptors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL6) had a higher binding affinity value than the inhibitor-receptor interaction (i.e. -3.4, -3.0, and -2.8 kcal/mol). The cytotoxicity test on TIG-1 cells showed that the extract did not have a toxic effect on them. Conclusions: These findings support the potential use of Syringodium isoetifolium as a bioactive food ingredient.
Islamic legal perspectives on digital currencies and how they apply to Jordanian legislation
Authors: Albalawee Nasir , Al Fahoum Amjed S. 
Published: August 2023

Background: The industrial transformation requires a speedy shift to financial digitization. One of the needs for financial digitalization in the study of Islamic contracts and Islamic business law is the use of digital platforms with digital currencies. Regarding the merits and downsides of its Sharia restrictions and its halal certification, which is currently under discussion, digital currencies and perks have generated controversy in Jordan and other Islamic countries. Methods: This study intends to analyze the legal foundations of digital currency from Jordanian and Islamic legal perspectives. The descriptive-qualitative research approach was utilized, and data collection processes included documentation and a literature review. All legal possibilities that may be drawn from Islamic law in order to investigate the legality of digital currencies are explored further and used to obtain the conclusions of this study. Results: A review of Sharia reasons and consideration for the wellbeing of the people suggests that digital currencies in their current form are incompatible with it and must adhere to the stipulations of Islamic finance. Therefore, digital currencies are unsuitable as a store of value or wealth due to their erratic swings, lack of purchasing power, and instant responsiveness to any technical problem, technical penetration, or official circumstance. Due to market instability, digital currencies can't be utilized to defer payments, settle debts, or repay loans. Conclusions: Digital currencies are speculative; not real money. Most of those who have this money are speculators seeking a quick payoff. Sharia views digital currency trading as gambling due to its high degree of volatility. Jordan's government should regulate digital currency use to meet demand. Digital currencies must be addressed under e-commerce laws.
Periodical crossing of the laboratory population with the natural population would improve fitness in S. sunia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Real-Baca C. I. , Zuniga-Gonzalez C. A. 
Published: August 2023

Background: The research focused on evaluating the biological and reproductive parameters of the species S. sunia with the introduction of field genetic material, in the Noctuid Insect Breeding Laboratory. Methods: The study was experimental using three treatments and three repetitions involving 30 individuals each. The individuals were collected from the field and transferred to the laboratory under semi-controlled conditions of temperature and humidity, later they were quarantined for up to three generations for the assembly of the test where the crossing was carried out. In the measurement of the biological and reproductive parameters. Results: The results of the treatments showed that the biological and reproductive parameters in relation to the number of pupae were T2 34 males and 26 females, T3 was 33 males, and 27 females, T1 obtained 27 males and 33 females. The average weight in female T1 was 0.2112 mg and T2 was 0.2401 mg. The number of eggs in T1 in nine days oviposited 196 egg masses, in T2 in seven days 59 egg masses were oviposited, and in T3 160 egg masses were oviposited. In the length parameter in mm T3 obtained 30 mm in larval development, T1 and T2 obtained 27 mm. Finally, in the development stages, the number of days was for T1 and T2, 24 days, and for T3 18 days. In the adult stages T1 and T2 it was 12 days and for T3 10 days. In the egg stage in the three treatments, it was three days and the pupal stage was eight days. Conclusions: It is concluded that T2 and T3 presented the most optimal results. It is recommended to introduce genetic material every six months to maintain a good production of larvae of the species under study in laboratories for the production and reproduction of insect breeding.
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of bioresorbable collagen membrane in combination with deproteinized bovine bone matrix xenograft (DBBM), and advanced platelet rich fibrin membrane in combination with deproteinized bovine bone matrix xenograft for periodontal regeneration
Authors: Bhagat Shweta , Jaiswal Priyanka , Masurkar Deepika 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic, multifactorial, inflammatory disease that leads to gradual loss of bone and periodontal attachment. Thus, periodontal surgery is required according to severity of diseases. The goal of periodontal reconstructive surgery is to regenerate soft and hard tissues destroyed during periodontal disease. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of bioresorbable collagen membrane in combination with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix xenograft (group A); and Advanced Plasma rich fibrin(A-PRF) membrane in combination with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix xenograft (group B) in the treatment of human infrabony defects. Methods: This randomised controlled trial will be carried out at the periodontics outpatient department. We will choose 24 patients with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis who are otherwise systemically healthy. Infrabony defects will be treated by open flap debridement using bovine-derived xenograft and bioresorbable collagen membrane (group A) and open flap debridement using bovine-derived xenograft and A-PRF after the completion of first therapy (group B). At baseline and six months after undergoing periodontal surgery, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, radiographic bone fill, gingival recession, oral hygiene status, and gingival health will be measured. Expected results: It is suggested that Bioresorbable Collagen Membrane in combination with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix xenograft will show better results as compared to Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin Membrane with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix Xenograft. Clinical trial registry of India (CTRI): REF/2023/05/066732. Protocol version: v1 (12/05/23)
To assess the knowledge and attitudes about depression in the general population in the Wardha District, India.
Authors: Thakare Srushti , Mude Gaurav 
Published: August 2023

Background: Physical symptoms of depression, especially tiredness, pain, or disturbed sleep, are common. Some people may experience depression as a chronic condition, with more episodes increasing the risk of recurrence. Others may experience a single episode of depression in their lifetime. Given its great incidence and crippling consequences on development, early-onset depression is regarded as one of the most common mental illnesses in children and adolescents which can last into adulthood. The following categories can be used to classify the factors that affect depression susceptibility: genetics, familial environment, individual characteristics, and extreme stress. Gender, history of depression in the family, subclinical symptoms, poor cognitive style, and negative life events are also main risk factors. Methods: This protocol is for an observational study, which will take place over a four month period in the Wardha district. Participants will be recruited via the Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH) as a medical center from the general population. A piloted questionnaire with a Likert scale will be completed by the participants enrolled in the study with assistance from interviewers. Frequency percentage, mean, and SD will be calculated to understand the relationship between various demographic variables and knowledge. Chi-square tests will also be used. Distribution: The data collection of this study is supposed to be completed August 2023 and the results will be communicated to the external funding body through formal report. In addition, the trial results will be communicated to the public through publishing as dataset and original research published in the relevant scientific journals.
Traditional medicine in Incahuasi: An ethnobotanical study
Authors: Morales Ramos Jorge Guillermo , León-Figueroa Darwin A. , Picón Pérez María Susana , Arbulú Ballesteros Marco Agustín , Llontop Ynga Enrique Guillermo , Coaguila Cusicanqui Luis A. , Morales Ramírez Sofía Mariagracia , Chirinos Ríos Carlos Alberto 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Understanding the use of medicinal plants as herbal medicines is considered essential for the survival and continuity of humanity. Since ancient times, the origin and development of natural and traditional medicine have been intrinsically linked to humanity struggle for survival. Nowadays, ethnobotanical studies are employed as a tool for the preservation and conservation not only of taxonomic biodiversity but also of cultural biodiversity. Methodology: A descriptive research with a quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional design was carried out. The study was conducted in six Quechua-speaking communities in the district of Incahuasi (3,000 meters above sea level), selected for convenience considering factors such as altitude, accessibility, and proximity to the city. A questionnaire was administered to 32 residents from the communities, who shared their knowledge about medicinal plants, providing relevant information about them. The gender of the participants was considered because men and women use traditional medicine and the knowledge of them is transmitted from parents to children. Results: During the study, a total of 46 medicinal species were recorded, belonging to 42 genera and 22 botanical families. The most representative medicinal families used by the informants of the communities were Asteraceae (30.4%) and Lamiaceae (15.2%). It is also worth mentioning the genera Salvia and Baccharis, with 3 and 2 species respectively, which are commonly used to treat various ailments and diseases. Conclusions: Ethnobotanical information was collected on the medicinal plants used by the community members of the selected communities in Incahuasi, and the corresponding data were recorded. A total of 46 plants were collected, with the majority belonging to the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families.
Mental health problems of entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 health crisis: Fear, anxiety, and stress. A systematic review
Authors: Fernández-Bedoya Víctor Hugo , Meneses-La-Riva Monica Elisa , Suyo-Vega Josefina Amanda , Stephanie Gago-Chávez Johanna de Jesús 
Published: August 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a global impact, affecting millions of people and causing various symptoms, leading to social distancing, and quarantine measures. This has impacted the global economy, employment, and education, resulting in widespread school and business closures. Entrepreneurs have had to face the difficult decision of whether to continue or pause their operations during the pandemic, which could result in mental health problems such as fear, anxiety, or stress. The primary objective of this research is to identify mental health issues faced by entrepreneurs during the pandemic, including the countries of origin, conclusions, and lessons learned. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in the SCOPUS database, providing 93 initial results that were later filtered, resulting in 18 final records. These records allowed for the identification of scientific evidence detailing the mental health problems that entrepreneurs faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: We found that the COVID-19 pandemic has presented challenges for entrepreneurs, leading to increased stress and burnout. However, some have coped by seeking support, using digital technology, and adopting innovative business models. Entrepreneurship can positively impact well-being by allowing individuals to pursue meaningful work aligned with their values. Effective communication with customers is essential for maintaining businesses and building loyalty. The pandemic has highlighted the need for specialized psychological support tailored to entrepreneurs' unique challenges. Finally, entrepreneurship can address societal challenges with a focus on social impact and sustainability. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about significant challenges for entrepreneurs, resulting in heightened stress and burnout. Despite this, many entrepreneurs have adapted and coped by seeking support, leveraging digital technology, and embracing innovative business models.
Privacy regulations and economic efficiency: a dynamic perspective
Authors: Dilme Francesc 
Published: August 2023

There are important public debates on how—or even whether—to regulate information about previous transactions in different markets. Examples are the regulation of cookies in online markets, secrecy laws in financial markets, and transparency directives in government purchases. In these debates, considerations of economic efficiency and fairness are central. Do more lenient information policies increase market efficiency? Do internet users benefit from cookies? Does more secrecy increase trade volume in financial markets? Does transparency on previous agreements deteriorate the bargaining power of public agencies? This essay sheds light on the answers to these questions using insights from economic theory. We do so by analyzing a simple, stylized setting where the incentives of different agents in the market will be clear. Our focus is on the dynamic effects of information regulations, as a trader's incentive to reveal or conceal information is driven by its future use by other traders. We use our setting to assess the implications of information regulations on behavior, trade efficiency, or social welfare.
An Exact Approach for Solving Pickup-and-Delivery Traveling Salesman Problems with Neighborhoods
Authors: Gao Cai , Wei Ningji , Walteros Jose L. 
Published: August 2023

This paper studies a variant of the traveling salesman problem, called the pickup-and-delivery traveling salesman problem with neighborhoods, that combines traditional pickup and delivery requirements with the flexibility of visiting the customers at locations within compact neighborhoods of arbitrary shape. We derive two optimality conditions for the problem, a local condition that verifies whether a given tour is locally optimal at the visiting points and a global condition that can be used to cut off suboptimal regions of the neighborhoods. We model the problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear program and propose a generalized Benders decomposition to solve instances of the problem with convex and nonconvex neighborhoods. Finally, we conduct extensive computational experiments to demonstrate the efficacy of our solution framework. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0138 .
Incidentally diagnosed large asymptomatic Morgagni hernia in adult male patient
Authors: Misimi Shqipe , Shurlani Arben , Nikolovski Andrej 
Published: August 2023

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernias are rare congenital defects resulting in abdominal organ protrusion into the thoracic cavity; they mainly present with pulmonary or gastrointestinal symptoms. Although congenital and discovered in utero or in early childhood, they can be asymptomatic for a long time and even remain asymptomatic despite the growing hernia sac dimensions and the hernia sac contents. Case description: We present a case of a 58-year-old patient with incidentally diagnosed Morgagni hernia during the COVID-19 pandemic following a computerised tomography (CT) scan of the chest. He presented without any symptoms related to the existence of the hernia. Another CT scan was performed 20 months after the initial diagnosis to evaluate the progression of the hernia. The patient refused the offered surgery due to the absence of symptoms. Discussion: A Morgagni hernia is usually discovered during pregnancy or in early childhood, but sometimes can be asymptomatic for years. Main symptoms originate from the respiratory and gastrointestinal system. Conclusion: Due to the refusal of surgery, we were able to follow the CT scan enlargement progression of patients’ hernia over a 20-month period.
Simple, low-cost, and well-performing optical phase-locked loop for frequency and phase locking of semiconductor lasers
Authors: Wang Fangda , Ma Weixin , Mei Feng , Ji Zhonghua , Su Dianqiang , Zhao Yanting , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang 
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate a simple, low-cost, and well-performing optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) circuit with ADF4007 as the phase frequency detector chip to achieve frequency and phase locking of two semiconductor lasers in both short and long terms. The measured short term performances, determined by fast feedback, show that the spectral width of the beat signal is low, around 1 Hz, and the residual phasing error is 0.04rad2. The measured long term performances, determined by slow feedback, show that the drift of the central frequency of the beat signal is within 1.1(1) Hz in 2 h, and the derived Allan deviation is less than 0.4 Hz within all integration times of up to 1000 s. The phase noise measurement shows a suppression of phase noise of the beat signal from free running to closed-loop OPLLs in a Fourier frequency of 10 Hz–20 kHz. These measurements show that the OPLL circuit we modified can fit most scientific experiments requiring a fixed frequency difference and phase coherence.
Near-noiseless and small-footprint phase sensitive optical parametric amplifier using AlGaAs-on-insulator waveguides
Authors: Xie Zhuang , Jia Shuaiwei , Shao Wen , Han Xiaotian , Su Yulong , Meng Jiacheng , Gao Duorui , Wang Wei , Xie Xiaoping 
Published: August 2023

Phase sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) based on optical parametric amplification feature near noiseless amplification, which is of considerable benefit for improving the performance of optical communication systems. Currently, the majority of research on PSAs is carried out on the basis of highly nonlinear fibers or periodically poled lithium niobite waveguides, with the impediments of being susceptible to environmental interference and requiring complex temperature control systems to maintain quasi-phase matching conditions, respectively. Here, a near-noiseless and small-footprint PSA based on dispersion-engineered AlGaAs-on-insulator (AlGaAsOI) waveguides is proposed and demonstrated theoretically. The phase-dependent gain and the phase-to-phase transfer function of the PSA are calculated to analyze its characteristics. Furthermore, we investigate in detail the effects of linear loss, nonlinear coefficient, and pump power on the PSA gain and noise figure (NF) in AlGaAsOI waveguides. The results show that a PSA based on an AlGaAsOI waveguide is feasible with a maximum phase sensitive gain of 33 dB, achieving an NF of less than 1 dB over a gain bandwidth of 245 nm with a gain of >15dB, which completely covers the S + C + L band. This investigation is worthwhile for noiseless PSAs on photonic integrated chips, which are promising for low-noise optical amplification, multifunctional photonic integrated chips, quantum communication, and spectroscopy, and as a reference for low-noise PSAs depending on the third-order nonlinearity, χ(3), of the waveguide material.
Rapid and high-precision displacement sensing based on the multiple mode dip areas in a SNAP microresonator
Authors: Dong Yongchao , Li Yongkang , Wang Jiebo , Huang Shihao , Zhang Shuai , Wang Han 
Published: August 2023

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators offer significant potential for precise displacement measurement owing to their compact size, ultrahigh sensitivity, and rapid response. However, conventional WGM displacement sensors are prone to noise interference, resulting in accuracy loss, while the demodulation process for displacement often exhibits prolonged duration. To address these limitations, this study proposes a rapid and high-precision displacement sensing method based on the dip areas of multiple resonant modes in a surface nanoscale axial photonics microresonator. By employing a neural network to fit the nonlinear relationship between displacement and the areas of multiple resonant dips, we achieve displacement prediction with an accuracy better than 0.03 µm over a range of 200 µm. In comparison to alternative sensing approaches, this method exhibits resilience to temperature variations, and its sensing performance remains comparable to that in a noise-free environment as long as the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 25 dB. Furthermore, the extraction of the dip area enables significantly enhanced speed in displacement measurement, providing an effective solution for achieving rapid and highly accurate displacement sensing.