bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It is about time: effects of thermal fluctuations resulting from climate change on trophic interactions with a focus on host–parasitoid interactions
Authors: Costaz Thibault P. M. , de Jong Peter W. , van Loon Joop J. A. , Dicke Marcel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClimate change alters many environmental parameters with strong consequences for ecological interactions, from species interactions to community dynamics. Temperature is crucial in determining ecosystem dynamics, especially for those involving ectothermic species such as plants or insects. Phenotypic plasticity, the capacity of one genotype to produce different phenotypes in response to environmental conditions, is a common mechanism by which individuals adapt to changing environments and is observed in multiple traits. The capacity of genotypes to adapt to novel temperature conditions plays a crucial role in structuring ecosystem dynamics and species persistence in adverse conditions. It is well recognised that temperature in natural ecosystems fluctuates over multiple time scales (e.g., hour, day, season, year). These fluctuations can follow predictable patterns or be unpredictable, with different consequences for phenotypic plasticity and ecosystem dynamics. Among trophic interactions, host–parasitoid interactions represent a special case because of the intimate symbiosis of the parasitoid larvae with their host. Understanding how and to what extent phenotypic plasticity structures species’ ecological niches is of utmost importance in the context of rapid climate change. With a particular focus on host–parasitoid interactions, this review discusses the literature on the role of phenotypic plasticity in fluctuating environments, highlighting the role of temporal dynamics. While we discuss literature on phenotypic plasticity at large, this review emphasises the fundamental effects of extreme temperatures in driving biochemical rates underlying phenotypic plasticity.
In vitro and in vivo assessment of the anti-inflammatory activity of olive leaf extract in rats
Authors: Fayez Nada , Khalil Waleed , Abdel-Sattar Essam , Abdel-Fattah Abdel-Fattah Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInflammation is a complex and crucial process that protects the body against pathogens. Here in our study, we propose to scientifically justify the anti-inflammatory activity of olive leaf (OL). Initially, we ensured the safety of olive leaf extract (OLE) through acute oral administration of graded doses up to 4 g\kg in Wistar rats. Thus, the extract was considered generally safe. We also evaluated the ability of the extract to reduce carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. Compared to diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg PO), OLE showed significant (P < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity, showing the maximum inhibition percentage at the fifth hour of measurement at 42.31% and 46.99%, at doses of 200 and 400 m/kg, respectively, compared to 63.81% for the standard drug. To elucidate the potential mechanism, we measured TNF, IL-1, COX-2 and NO inside the paw tissue. Interestingly, OLE at all tested doses reduced the concentration of TNF and IL-1 to a level that was lower than that obtained by the standard drug. Additionally, OLE at the dose of 400 mg/kg reduced the levels of COX-2 and NO inside the paw tissue to a level that was statistically equivalent to the level observed in the normal control group. Finally, olive leaf extract at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg doses significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the heat-induced hemolysis of RBCs membrane by 25.62, 57.40 and 73.88%, respectively, compared to 83.89% produced by aspirin. Consequently, we concluded that olive leaf extract has a significant anti-inflammatory activity through the reduction of TNF, IL-1, COX-2 and NO.
An injectable, self-healing and degradable hydrogel scaffold as a functional biocompatible material for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Li Shengyu , Mao Weiye , Xia Linying , Wu Xijin , Guo Yingxue , Wang Jingwei , Huang Jie , Xiang Hai , Jin Lu , Fu Huiying , Shou Qiyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInjectable hydrogels derived from natural extracellular matrices exhibit excellent adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro and are ideal for many biomedical applications. However, their applicability in vivo is limited by the risk of infection or immunogenicity, and the current injectables also suffer from degradation, viscosity, and drug release. In this study, a multifunctional hydrogel scaffold (COB hydrogels) was constructed by incorporating bioactive glass nanoparticles with a Schiff base crosslinking-based hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan and oxidized cellulose. The incorporation of nanoparticles not only shortened the gelation time of the COB hydrogels, but also enhanced the performance of the hydrogel in terms of function, such as drug loading capacity. The prepared hydrogels also have self-healing ability, injectability, drug loading and sustained release, antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. In addition, given their no cytotoxicity and mild inflammation in vivo, the hydrogel scaffolds will be important for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
Implementation strategies preferred by primary care clinicians to facilitate cancer prevention and control activities
Authors: Glasgow Russell E. , Brtnikova Michaela , Dickinson L. Miriam , Carroll Jennifer K. , Studts Jamie L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKey clinical and community members need to be involved in the identification of feasible and impactful implementation strategies for translation of evidence-based interventions into practice. While a wide range of implementation strategies has been developed, there is little research on their applicability for cancer prevention and control (CPC) efforts in primary care. We conducted a survey of primary care physicians to identify implementation strategies they perceive as most feasible and impactful. The survey included both primary prevention behavior change counseling and cancer screening issues. Analyses contrasted ratings of feasibility and impact of nine implementation strategies, and among clinicians in different settings with a focus on comparisons between clinicians in rural vs. non-rural settings. We recruited a convenience sample of 326 respondents from a wide range of practice types from four practice-based research networks in 49 states and including 177 clinicians in rural settings. Ratings of impact were somewhat higher than those for feasibility. Few of the nine implementation strategies were high on both impact and feasibility. Only ‘adapting to my practice’ was rated higher than a 4 (“moderate”) on both impact and feasibility. There were relatively few differences between rural and non-rural clinicians or associated with other clinician or setting characteristics. There is considerable variability in perceived impact and feasibility of implementation strategies for CPC activities among family medicine clinicians. It is important to assess both feasibility and impact of implementation strategies as well as their generalizability across settings. Our results suggest that optimal strategies to implement evidence-based CPC activities will likely need to be adapted for primary care settings. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and identify practical, implementation partner informed implementation strategies.
Rehydration Post-orientation: Investigating Field-Induced Structural Changes via Computational Rehydration
Authors: Brodmerkel Maxim N. , De Santis Emiliano , Caleman Carl , Marklund Erik G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProteins can be oriented in the gas phase using strong electric fields, which brings advantages for structure determination using X-ray free electron lasers. Both the vacuum conditions and the electric-field exposure risk damaging the protein structures. Here, we employ molecular dynamics simulations to rehydrate and relax vacuum and electric-field exposed proteins in aqueous solution, which simulates a refinement of structure models derived from oriented gas-phase proteins. We find that the impact of the strong electric fields on the protein structures is of minor importance after rehydration, compared to that of vacuum exposure and ionization in electrospraying. The structures did not fully relax back to their native structure in solution on the simulated timescales of 200 ns, but they recover several features, including native-like intra-protein contacts, which suggests that the structures remain in a state from which the fully native structure is accessible. Our findings imply that the electric fields used in native mass spectrometry are well below a destructive level, and suggest that structures inferred from X-ray diffraction from gas-phase proteins are relevant for solution and in vivo conditions, at least after in silico rehydration.
A Survey of Breastfeeding Attitudes and Health Locus of Control in the Nigerian Population
Authors: Adegbayi Adenike , Scally Andrew , Lesk Valerie , Stewart-Knox Barbara J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Breastfeeding is important to infant health and survival in sub-Saharan Africa. To promote breastfeeding effectively, understanding of psychological factors associated with infant feeding choices is required. This study investigated breastfeeding attitudes and health locus of control (HLoC) in a Nigerian community sample.

Methods
Men and women (N = 400) (71% female; mean age 34.2 years/ range 18–86 years) were recruited through community groups in Nigeria. Self-report survey by questionnaire measured breastfeeding attitudes using the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) and health locus of control using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLoCs).

Results Mean
IIFAS scores (mean = 57.7; sd = 7.8) became less favourable with increasing age (p = 0.02). Men had higher IIFAS scores (mean = 58.6; sd = 7.6) than women (mean = 56.6; sd = 8.0) indicating more favourable attitudes toward breastfeeding (p = 0.02). Women scored higher than men on external chance HLoC (ECHLoC) (p = 0.003) and external powerful others HLoC (EPHLoC) (p = 0.02). Increasing age was associated with higher scores on ECHLoC (p < 0.01) and EPHLoC (p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis was significant (p < 0.001) and explained 7.8% of variance in breastfeeding attitude. Lower IIFAS scores, reflecting more negative attitudes to breastfeeding, were associated with higher ECHLoC (p < 0.01) and EPOHLoC (p < 0.05). Higher IIFAS scores, reflecting more positive attitudes to breastfeeding, were associated with greater IHLoC (p < 0.01). Neither age nor gender were associated with IIFAS scores in the final model.

Conclusions
This implies a need to explore health locus of control when promoting positive attitudes to breastfeeding and supporting families in breastfeeding advocacy.
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review
Authors: Valverde N. , Mollejo E. , Legarra L. , Gómez-Gutiérrez M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesPostpartum depression estimated prevalence in women is between 5 and 26% and it has adverse effects both on the mother, infant and her partner. Psychological treatments have proved to be effective for women with mild-to-moderate symptoms. Whereas several systematic reviews have assessed the effects of different psychological interventions for postpartum depression, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy or interpersonal therapy, no review assessing psychodynamic therapy has been carried out. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of psychodynamic therapy for postpartum depression.MethodsStudies were identified using the following databases: PsycINFO, Psycarticles and Pubmed over January 2023. The requirements for the studies were the following: they had to be quantitative, available in English, including a psychodynamic intervention targeting treatment or prevention of postpartum depression which starts during pregnancy or within the first 12 months after giving birth. Case studies, qualitative studies or studies focused on improving parent-infant relationship or infant outcome were excluded from this research.ResultsSeven trials including 521 women met the inclusion criteria. In summary, three randomized controlled trials and four longitudinal studies were found. The most frequently used assessment tool was EPDS, five were individual interventions and the other two were group interventions.DiscussionAll studies reported the efficacy of psychodynamic interventions for postpartum depression, both in home and clinical settings and both in group and individual format. The limited number of trials, small sample sizes and lack of appropriate control groups were the main limitations.Conclusions for practicePsychodynamic therapy is probably efficient intervention for postpartum depression. Future research with strong methodological designs is needed to confirm these findings.SignificanceWhat is already known on this subject? Several systematic reviews have assessed the effects of different psychological interventions for postpartum depression, but no review assessing psychodynamic therapy has been carried out. What this study adds? A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of psychodynamic therapy for postpartumdepression. This makes the systematic review a unique contribution to the literature.
Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite loci for the Eastern Pacific marine sponge Mycale cecilia by Illumina MiSeq sequencing
Authors: Hernández-Lozano Misha Yazmín , Cruz-Barraza José Antonio , Rocha-Olivares Axayácatl 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Mycale cecilia is an abundant Eastern Tropical Pacific sponge living in a wide variety of habitats, including coral reefs where it may directly interact with corals. It is also known to possess secondary metabolites of pharmacological value. These aspects highlight the importance of having a better understanding of its biology, and genetic and population diversity.

Methods and results
In the present study, we isolated and characterized twelve novel microsatellite loci by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The loci were tested in 30 specimens collected from two coral reef localities (La Paz, Baja California Sur and Isabel Island, Nayarit) from the Mexican Pacific using M13(-21) labeling. All loci were polymorphic, with two to nine alleles per locus. Expected heterozygosities varied from 0.616 to 0.901. Eleven loci were tested and successfully amplified in M. microsigmatosa from the Gulf of Mexico.

Conclusion
Here we report the first microsatellite loci developed for a sponge species from the Eastern Pacific coast. These molecular markers will be used for population genetic studies of M. cecilia, and potentially in other congeneric species; particularly in vulnerable marine areas that require protection, such as coral reefs.
The type IIS restriction enzyme MmeI can cut across a double-strand break
Authors: Tasnim Maliha , Selph T. Jacob , Olcott Jason , Hill Jonathon T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Type-IIS restriction enzymes cut outside their recognition sites, allowing them to remove their binding sites upon digestion. This feature has resulted in their wide application in molecular biology techniques, including seamless cloning methods, enzymatic CRISPR library generation, and others. We studied the ability of the Type-IIS restriction enzyme MmeI, which recognizes an asymmetric sequence TCCRAC and cuts 20 bp downstream, to cut across a double-strand break (DSB).

Methods and results
We used synthetic double-stranded oligos with MmeI recognition sites close to 5′ end and different overhang lengths to measure digestion after different periods of time and at different temperatures. We found that the MmeI binding and cutting sites can be situated on opposite sides of a DSB if the edges of the DNA molecules are held together by transient base-pairing interactions between compatible overhangs.

Conclusion
We found that MmeI can cut across a DSB, and the efficiency of the cutting depends on both overhang length and temperature.
Overloaded axial stress activates the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway in nucleus pulposus cells of adult degenerative scoliosis combined with intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Cai Zhijun , Luo Qibiao , Yang Xi , Pu Luqiao , Zong Haiyang , Shi Rongmao , He Pengju , Xu Yongqing , Li Yang , Zhang Jianping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the initiating factor of adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS), and ADS further accelerates IVDD, creating a vicious cycle. Nevertheless, the role of the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway in ADS combined with IVDD (ADS-IVDD) remains a mystery. Accordingly, this study was proposed to investigate the effect of axial stress on the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) isolated from DS-IVDD patients.

Methods
Normal NPCs (N-NPC) were purchased and the NPCs of young (25–30 years; Y-NPC) and old (65–70 years; O-NPC) from ADS-IVDD patients were primary cultured. After treatment of NPC with overloaded axial pressure, CCK-8 and Annexin V-FITC kits were applied for detecting proliferation and apoptosis of N-NPC, Y-NPC and O-NPC, and western blotting was performed to assess the expression of Wnt 3a, β-Catenin, NPC markers and apoptosis markers (Bax, Bcl2 and Caspase 3).

Results
N-NPC, Y-NPC and O-NPC were mainly oval, polygonal and spindle-shaped with pseudopods, and the cell morphology tended to be flattened with age. N-NPC, Y-NPC and O-NPC were capable of synthesizing proteoglycans and expressing the NPC markers (Collagen II and Aggrecan). Notably, the expression of Wnt 3a, β-Catenin, Collagen II and Aggrecan was reduced in N-NPC, Y-NPC and O-NPC in that order. After overload axial stress treatment, cell viability of N-NPC and Y-NPC was significantly reduced, and the percentage of apoptosis and expression of Wnt 3a and β-Catenin were significantly increased.

Conclusions
Overloaded axial pressure activates the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway to suppress proliferation and facilitate apoptosis of NPC in ADS-IVDD patients.
Compact TE-pass polarizer based on silicon-on-insulator platform with bimetallic rhodium–silver grating
Authors: Hiza Ola Youssef M. , Younis B. M. , Areed Nihal F. F. , Hameed Mohamed Farhat O. , Obayya S. S. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn ultra-compact hybrid plasmonic grating based transverse electric (TE) pass polarizer using SOI platform is proposed and analyzed. The reported structure utilizes bi-metallic grating of noble metals; rhodium (Rh) and silver (Ag) as plasmonic materials to get benefit from their attractive properties. The rhodium is a corrosion-free, nonoxidizing, and chemically inert against aggressive chemicals noble metal. In conjunction with the use of Ag, Rh ensures better plasmonic response. The bi-metallic combination Ag/Rh exhibits large coupling between the quasi transverse magnetic mode confined in the silicon core and the surface plasmon mode constructed at the dielectric/metal interface, while the TE-mode can propagate with minimal losses. The modal characteristics of the proposed device are numerically investigated using full vectorial finite difference method, while the propagation analysis is performed using finite difference time domain method via Lumerical software package. The numerical results show that the TE-pass polarizer of a compact device length (LD) = 3.5 μm offers an extinction ratio (ER) of 36.6 dB and an insertion loss (IL) of about 0.8 dB at λ = 1.55 μm. Additionally, the reported polarizer is robust to fabrication errors keeping the ER larger than 20 dB and the IL less than 1 dB despite changing the geometrical parameters by $$\pm \hspace{0.17em}$$

±

10% in the wavelength range of 1.4 to 1.7 μm.
J–V characteristics of dark current in truncated conical quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs)
Authors: Ali Nouran M. , El-Batawy Yasser M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuantum Dot Infrared Photodetector (QDIP) is one of the promising candidates for infrared photodetection due to its controllable heterojunction bandgap and sensitivity to normal incident radiation. It is expected to be superior to infrared photodetectors of mature technologies such as Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) or a quantum well infrared photodetector. In the presented paper, we have developed a theoretical model for the dark current in truncated conical QDIP as the truncated conical shaped QD structure is more appropriate to describe the fabricated dots. The dark current model is based on the drift diffusion model solving the main governing Poisson’s and continuity equations. In this model, the carrier mobility is calculated by solving time-dependent Boltzmann transport equation in the photodetector material with embedded truncated conical QDs using finite difference technique. The results of the developed model have been compared with the dark current characteristics with published experimental results of Indium Arsenide/Gallium Arsenide (InAs/GaAs) truncated QDIP. The effects of QD volume, QD aspect ratio and QD density and the operating temperature on the dark current characteristics have also been investigated.
Clinical pharmacy services in critical care: results of an observational study comparing ward-based with remote pharmacy services
Authors: Hilgarth Heike , Wichmann Dominic , Baehr Michael , Kluge Stefan , Langebrake Claudia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Pharmacists are essential team members in critical care and contribute to the safety of pharmacotherapy for this vulnerable group of patients, but little is known about remote pharmacy services in intensive care units (ICU).

Aim
We compared the acceptance of pharmacist interventions (PI) in ICU patients working remotely with ward-based service. We evaluated both pharmacy services, including further information on PI, including reasons, actions and impact.

Method
Over 5 months, a prospective single-centre observational study divided into two sequential phases (remote and ward-based) was performed on two ICU wards at a university hospital. After a structured medication review, PI identified were addressed to healthcare professionals. For documentation, the national database (ADKA-DokuPIK) was used. Acceptance was used as the primary endpoint. All data were analysed using descriptive methods.

Results
In total, 605 PI resulted from 1023 medication reviews. Acceptance was 75% (228/304) for remote and 88% (265/301; p < 0.001) for ward-based services. Non-inferiority was not demonstrated. Most commonly, drug- (44% and 36%) and dose-related (36% and 35%) reasons were documented. Frequently, drugs were stopped/paused (31% and 29%) and dosage changed (31% and 30%). PI were classified as “error, no harm” (National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention [NCC MERP] categories B to D; 83% and 81%). The severity and clinical relevance were at least ranked as "significant" (68% and 66%) and at least as "important" for patients (77% and 83%).

Conclusion
The way pharmacy services are provided influences the acceptance of PI. Remote pharmacy services may be seen as an addition, but acceptance rates in remote services failed to show non-inferiority.