bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calculation method for the conductance of mesoscopic systems: assembly of Tight Binding Hamiltonians with spin effects—revisited
Authors: Silva Felipe E F , Mendoza Michel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We discretize the Schrödinger equation in the approximation of the effective mass for the two-dimensional electron gas of GaAs, without magnetic field and on the other hand, with magnetic field. This discretization leads naturally to Tight Binding (TB) Hamiltonians in the approximation of the effective mass. An analysis of this discretization allows us to gain insight into the role of site and hopping energies, which allows us to model the TB Hamiltonian assembly with spin: Zeeman and spin–orbit coupling effects, especially the case Rashba. With this tool we can assemble Hamiltonians of quantum boxes, Aharanov–Bohm interferometers, anti-dots lattices and effects of imperfections, as well as disorder in the system. The extension to mount quantum billiards is natural. We also explain here how to adapt the recursive equations of Green’s functions for the case of spin modes, apart from transverse modes, for the calculation of conductance in these mesoscopic systems. The assembled Hamiltonians allow to identify the matrix elements (depending on the different parameters of the system) associated with splitting or spin flipping, which gives a starting point to model specific systems of interest, manipulating certain parameters. In general, the approach of this work allows us to clearly see the relationship between the wave and matrix description of quantum mechanics. We discuss here also, the extension of the method for 1D and 3D systems, for the extension apart from the first neighbors and for the inclusion of other types of interaction. The way we approach the method, has the objective of showing how specifically the site and hopping energies change in the presence of new interactions. This is very important in the case of spin interactions, because by looking at the matrix elements (site or hopping) we can directly identify the conditions that can lead to splitting, flipping or a mixture of these effects. Which is essential for the design of devices based on spintronics. Finally, we discuss spin-conductance modulation (Rashba spin precession) for the states of an open quantum dot (resonant states). Unlike the case of a quantum wire, the spin-flipping observed in the conductance is not perfectly sinusoidal, there is an envelope that modulates the sinusoidal component, which depends on the discrete-continuous coupling of the resonant states.
Adaptive threshold event detection method based on standard deviation
Authors: Pan Guobing , Qian Junjie , Ouyang Jing , Luo Yuhan , Wang Haipeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Event detection is the foundation of event-based non-intrusive load detection solutions. Conventional event detection methods require a comprehensive consideration of the rated power levels of all devices within the detection scenario to define an appropriate threshold value. However, it cannot accurately detect both high- and low-power load events because of their fixed thresholds when loads with widely varying power change amplitudes are present simultaneously. Thus, an adaptive threshold event detection method based on standard deviation is proposed in this study. First, the aggregated power data are intercepted by a sliding window for a short period of time, and the standard deviation is calculated for the aggregated power data within the window. The event ends when the standard deviation reaches its maximum value. Next, the threshold for event detection is calculated based on the standard deviation, and event detection based on the calculated threshold and on the bilateral sliding window cumulative sum method is performed. Finally, various load tests are performed with Electricity Consumption & Occupancy (Kleiminger et al 2015 Proc. 2015 ACM Int. Joint Conf. on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing) datasets and private datasets. The F1 values exceeded 90% in all three scenarios, namely, office, factory and laboratory, indicating that the proposed method in this study has high event detection performance.
A novel hybrid distance guided domain adversarial method for cross domain fault diagnosis of gearbox
Authors: Jiang Xingwang , Wang Xiaojing , Han Baokun , Wang Jinrui , Zhang Zongzhen , Ma Hao , Xing Shuo , Man Kai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Distance-based domain adaptation methods have received extensive application in the transfer learning field. Different domain distances have different characteristics due to various data processing principles. Therefore, choosing appropriate domain distance can accomplish transfer tasks more efficiently. Domain adversarial neural networks can extract domain invariant features through game confrontation, but it is not capable of extracting hidden features of gear under speed fluctuations, and only using the adversarial mechanism for domain feature alignment is prone to gradient collapse. To solve the above problems, a novel hybrid distance guided domain adversarial fault diagnosis method of gear is proposed. First, stacked sparse autoencoders is employed in the model to extract the hidden features from the domain data, and the extracted features are input into the corresponding feature classifier and domain discriminator. Then, a mixture of maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) and Wasserstein distance is utilized to reduce the distribution difference. Finally, the domain adversarial mechanism is used to conduct adversarial training for feature alignment. Through two verification experiments of planetary gearboxes, it is verified that the proposed a Wasserstein and MMD distance guided Domain Adversarial model has excellent fault diagnosis performance under gear fluctuating conditions. In addition, the model has higher prediction accuracy and better fault feature extraction ability compared with other methods.
The PETcoil project: PET performance evaluation of two detector modules for a second generation RF-penetrable TOF-PET brain dedicated insert for simultaneous PET/MRI
Authors: Dong Qian , Chang Chen-Ming , Lee Brian J , Sacco Ilaria , Sajedi Salar , Adams Zander , Fischer Peter , Levin Craig S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective. We are developing a portable, ‘RF-penetrable’, brain-dedicated time of flight (TOF)-PET insert (PETcoil) for simultaneous PET/MRI. Approach. In this paper, we evaluate the PET performance of two fully assembled detector modules for this insert design outside the MR room. Main results. The global coincidence time resolution, global 511 keV energy resolution, coincidence count rate, and detector temperature achieved over 2 h data collection were 242.2 ± 0.4 ps full width at half maximum (FWHM), 11.19% ± 0.02% FWHM, 22.0 ± 0.1 kcps, and 23.5 °C ± 0.3 °C, respectively. The intrinsic spatial resolutions in the axial and transaxial directions were 2.74 ± 0.01 mm FWHM and 2.88 ± 0.03 mm FWHM, respectively. Significance. These results demonstrate excellent TOF capability and the performance and stability necessary for scaling up to a full ring comprising 16 detector modules.
Ag NPs and MoS2 QDs double modified graphene/GaAs near-infrared photodetector
Authors: Qu Jiaqi , Chen Jun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The light absorption enhancement ability of quantum dots (QDs) and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of metal nanoparticles (NPs) can effectively improve the performance of photodetectors. In this paper, an Ag NPs and MoS2 QDs double modified graphene/GaAs near-infrared photodetector is investigated. The performance of the detector is improved by adopting the LSPR effect of Ag NPs and the dielectric confinement effect of MoS2 QDs. After subsequent testing and analysis, the photodetector responsivity is 21.1 mA W−1 and the detectivity is 8.4 × 1012 cm Hz1/2 W−1 at 808 nm wavelength; the responsivity and detectivity at 1064 nm wavelength can be up to 18.4 mA W−1 and 3.39 × 1012 cm Hz1/2 W−1, respectively. At the same time, under a 4 kHz pulsed illumination, the rise time and fall time are 15.87 μs and 89.95 μs respectively. Compared with previous devices, the new device has lower dark current and higher detectivity while having good responsivity and response time.
Design and fabrication of NiTi shape memory alloy/aramid composite fabric for thermal protective clothing
Authors: Pan Mengjiao , Wang Lijun , Lu Yehu , Xu Jingxian , Liu Suyan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Developing fabrics with enhanced thermal protection is a cutting-edge topic in area of thermal protective clothing (TPC) for workers under heat hazards. Here, temperature-responsive NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) filaments, which transform into a sinusoid form under a stimulus of temperature exceeding their austenite start temperature of 45.1 °C, were prepared. Nine composite fabrics (CFs) using SMA filaments and aramid yarns, different in filament interval, air gap orientation, aramid yarn type and fabric density, were fabricated and incorporated into traditional three-layer TPC fabric system, resulting in a four-layer smart fabric system (SFS) with adaptive structure. Thermal protective performance (TPP) tests demonstrated the addition of CF could significantly slow down the rise of temperature at skin surface and prolong the time to the first-degree burn. With the decrease of filament interval or increase of fabric density, TPP of SFS was improved due to more heat accumulation within and less heat conduction through the fabric. This study would inspire engineering CFs with enhanced TPP, thus pushing forward the development of smart technology in textile engineering.
A novel compact bolted-type piezoelectric actuator excited by two excitation methods: design, simulation, and experimental investigation
Authors: Liu Zhen , Fu Qianwei , Wang Hao , Yao Zhiyuan , Dong Zhiyan , Zhang Lihua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel bolted-type piezoelectric actuator excited by two excitation methods was proposed and investigated in this paper using both simulations and experiments. Different from most existing piezoelectric actuators, the proposed actuator can be excited by two different excitation methods, namely single-phase excitation method and dual-phase excitation method. The structure of the actuator was depicted and its geometric dimensions were presented. Furthermore, the working principles of the proposed actuator under these methods were illustrated in detail, and the vibration characteristics of the driving foot were analyzed using the finite element method. In addition, a prototype was fabricated and an experimental system was set up to evaluate the output performance of the prototype. The experimental results indicated that the actuator achieved a maximum velocity of 483.7 mm s−1 and a maximum thrust of 3.4 kg with dual-phase excitation, and a maximum velocity of 284.6 mm s−1 and a maximum thrust of 2.2 kg with single-phase excitation.
Comparison of Different Tidal Disruption Event Light Curve Models with TiDE, a New Modular Open Source Code
Authors: Kovács-Stermeczky Zsófia V. , Vinkó József 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a supermassive black hole disrupts a nearby passing star by tidal forces. The subsequent fallback accretion of the stellar debris results in a luminous transient outburst. Modeling the light curve of such an event may reveal important information, for example the mass of the central black hole. This paper presents the TiDE software based on semi-analytic modeling of TDEs. This object-oriented code contains different models for the accretion rate and the fallback timescale

t

min

. We compare the resulting accretion rates to each other and with hydrodynamically simulated ones and find convincing agreement for full disruptions. We present a set of parameters estimated with TiDE for the well-observed TDE candidate AT2019qiz, and compare our results with those given by the MOSFiT code. Most of the parameters are in reasonable agreement, except for the mass and the radiative efficiency of the black hole, both of which depend heavily on the adopted fallback accretion rate.
Suspension bath bioprinting and maturation of anisotropic meniscal constructs
Authors: Prendergast Margaret E , Heo Su-Jin , Mauck Robert L , Burdick Jason A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Due to limited intrinsic healing capacity of the meniscus, meniscal injuries pose a significant clinical challenge. The most common method for treatment of damaged meniscal tissues, meniscectomy, leads to improper loading within the knee joint, which can increase the risk of osteoarthritis. Thus, there is a clinical need for the development of constructs for meniscal repair that better replicate meniscal tissue organization to improve load distributions and function over time. Advanced three-dimensional bioprinting technologies such as suspension bath bioprinting provide some key advantages, such as the ability to support the fabrication of complex structures using non-viscous bioinks. In this work, the suspension bath printing process is utilized to print anisotropic constructs with a unique bioink that contains embedded hydrogel fibers that align via shear stresses during printing. Constructs with and without fibers are printed and then cultured for up to 56 d in vitro in a custom clamping system. Printed constructs with fibers demonstrate increased cell and collagen alignment, as well as enhanced tensile moduli when compared to constructs printed without fibers. This work advances the use of biofabrication to develop anisotropic constructs that can be utilized for the repair of meniscal tissue.
Appealing but a cheat: choice of attractive but sick males reduces the fitness of females
Authors: Ensaldo-Cárdenas Angelica S , Rocha-Ortega Maya , Córdoba-Aguilar Alex 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne central tenet in sexual selection theory is that sexual traits are honest indicators of individual condition. This does not appear to be the case for Tenebrio molitor beetles whose males, when infected with the fungus Metarhizium robertsii, produce chemical signals (pheromones) that increase their attractiveness. Using this system, we have investigated the consequences of non-adaptive female choice with regard to: (a) survival of females in choosing fungus-infected males; and (b) whether the number and duration of copulations increases fungal infection in females. Females that mated with fungus-infected males lived half as long as females that mated with infection-free males. In addition, the greater the number and the longer the duration of copulation(s), the greater the fungal sporulation in females, suggesting that the fungus may be mainly transmitted during copulation. This study documents a conflict between the sexes: while the dishonesty of a sexual signal increases male fitness, it reduces female fitness.
The effect of GLP-1RA exenatide on idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mitchell James L , Lyons Hannah S , Walker Jessica K , Yiangou Andreas , Grech Olivia , Alimajstorovic Zerin , Greig Nigel H , Li Yazhou , Tsermoulas Georgios , Brock Kristian , Mollan Susan P , Sinclair Alexandra J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Therapeutics to reduce intracranial pressure are an unmet need. Preclinical data have demonstrated a novel strategy to lower intracranial pressure using glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor signalling.
Here, we translate these findings into patients by conducting a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to assess the effect of exenatide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, on intracranial pressure in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Telemetric intracranial pressure catheters enabled long-term intracranial pressure monitoring. The trial enrolled adult women with active idiopathic intracranial hypertension (intracranial pressure &gt;25 cmCSF and papilloedema) who receive subcutaneous exenatide or placebo. The three primary outcome measures were intracranial pressure at 2.5 h, 24 h and 12 weeks and alpha set a priori at less than 0.1.
Among the 16 women recruited, 15 completed the study (mean age 28 ± 9, body mass index 38.1 ± 6.2 kg/m2, intracranial pressure 30.6 ± 5.1 cmCSF). Exenatide significantly and meaningfully lowered intracranial pressure at 2.5 h −5.7 ± 2.9 cmCSF (P = 0.048); 24 h −6.4 ± 2.9 cmCSF (P = 0.030); and 12 weeks −5.6 ± 3.0 cmCSF (P = 0.058). No serious safety signals were noted.
These data provide confidence to proceed to a phase 3 trial in idiopathic intracranial hypertension and highlight the potential to utilize GLP-1 receptor agonist in other conditions characterized by raised intracranial pressure.
Efficacy of levosimendan infusion in patients undergoing a left ventricular assist device implant in a propensity score matched analysis of the EUROMACS registry—the Euro LEVO-LVAD study
Authors: Abdelshafy Mahmoud , Caliskan Kadir , Simpkin Andrew J , Elkoumy Ahmed , Kimman Jesse R , Elsherbini Hagar , Elzomor Hesham , de By Theo M M H , Gollmann-Tepeköylü Can , Berchtold-Herz Michael , Loforte Antonio , Reineke David , Schoenrath Felix , Paluszkiewicz Lech , Gummert Jan , Mohacsi Paul , Meyns Bart , Soliman Osama 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Early right-sided heart failure (RHF) was seen in 22% of recipients of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in the European Registry for Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support (EUROMACS). However, the optimal treatment of post-LVAD RHF is not well known. Levosimendan has proven to be effective in patients with cardiogenic shock and in those with end-stage heart failure. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of levosimendan on post-LVAD RHF and 30-day and 1-year mortality.

METHODS
The EUROMACS Registry was used to identify adults with mainstream continuous-flow LVAD implants who were treated with preoperative levosimendan compared to a propensity matched control cohort.

RESULTS
In total, 3661 patients received mainstream LVAD, of which 399 (11%) were treated with levosimendan pre-LVAD. Patients given levosimendan had a higher EUROMACS RHF score [4 (2– 5.5) vs 2 (2– 4); P &lt; 0.001], received more right ventricular assist devices (RVAD) [32 (8%) vs 178 (5.5%); P = 0.038] and stayed longer in the intensive care unit post-LVAD implant [19 (8–35) vs 11(5–25); P &lt; 0.001]. Yet, there was no significant difference in the rate of RHF, 30-day, or 1-year mortality. Also, in the matched cohort (357 patients taking levosimendan compared to an average of 622 controls across 20 imputations), we found no evidence for a difference in postoperative severe RHF, RVAD implant rate, length of stay in the intensive care unit or 30-day and 1-year mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
In this analysis of the EUROMACS registry, we found no evidence for an association between levosimendan and early RHF or death, albeit patients taking levosimendan had much higher risk profiles. For a definitive conclusion, a multicentre, randomized study is warranted.
Study on the optimization strategy of offshore wind power
Authors: Wang Jing , Wei Xiongfei , Juanatas Ronaldo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Offshore wind power is considered a promising renewable energy source; unfortunately, its weighted average levelized cost of electricity is still too high to compete with renewable energies such as photovoltaics. This is in large part due to the high construction cost of offshore wind power, even though it has fallen substantially with technological advances and the accumulation of experience. This paper optimizes the cost from two aspects. Because large-scale wind farms have better bargaining and scheduling power, we analyse in detail the relationship between the cost of different key components and the scale of the wind farm, and if the decommissioned wind farm chooses to repower, costs such as cables and foundations can be saved, which can further reduce the costs. Our studies show that compared with a 400-MW offshore wind farm, 1000 MW can reduce the unit cost by ~10.3%, and its cost is ~13 239 RMB/kW. If repowering is chosen, there is a further reduction of ~28.6%, and its cost is ~9450 RMB/kW. We recommend using larger offshore wind farms and choosing repowering after they are decommissioned to get better economics.
Phase synchronization of epicyclic motion due to gravitational scattering by wakes
Authors: Yoshida Yuki , Kokubo Eiichiro 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The swing amplification is one of the mechanisms for spiral arm formation and gravitational scattering of stellar orbits by a high-density region in a disc galaxy is considered as its elementary process. During the swing amplification, the epicycle phases of stars are synchronized. We previously showed that gravitational scattering by a softened point mass can synchronize the epicycle phases. Here, we expand upon our previous work to consider gravitational scattering by a finite-sized wake, which we model by using a prolate body. We numerically simulate the stellar motion under the influence of the wake gravity, and we investigate the dependence of the orbital evolution on the wake properties. We find that phase synchronization is more effective for a wake with a pitch angle around π/2, and that the phase synchronization depends on the wake shape. Even for realistic pitch angles i ≲ π/4 the phase synchronization can be more effective than that by the softened point mass. Increasing the impact parameter of stars and decreasing the wake pitch angle are shown to increase the axis ratio at which synchronization occurs. Linear trailing high-density patterns form around the wake and enlarge the wake itself.
Structural basis of a two-step tRNA recognition mechanism for plastid glycyl-tRNA synthetase
Authors: Yu Zhaoli , Wu Zihan , Li Ye , Hao Qiang , Cao Xiaofeng , Blaha Gregor M , Lin Jinzhong , Lu Guoliang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Two types of glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS) are known, the α2 and the α2β2 GlyRSs. Both types of synthetase employ a class II catalytic domain to aminoacylate tRNAGly. In plastids and some bacteria, the α and β subunits are fused and are designated as (αβ)2 GlyRSs. While the tRNA recognition and aminoacylation mechanisms are well understood for α2 GlyRSs, little is known about the mechanisms for α2β2/(αβ)2 GlyRSs. Here we describe structures of the (αβ)2 GlyRS from Oryza sativa chloroplast by itself and in complex with cognate tRNAGly. The set of structures reveals that the U-shaped β half of the synthetase selects the tRNA in a two-step manner. In the first step, the synthetase engages the elbow and the anticodon base C35 of the tRNA. In the second step, the tRNA has rotated ∼9° toward the catalytic centre. The synthetase probes the tRNA for the presence of anticodon base C36 and discriminator base C73. This intricate mechanism enables the tRNA to access the active site of the synthetase from a direction opposite to that of most other class II synthetases.