bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Antifungal Effect of the Essential Oil of Thymus eriocalyx
on Dominant Filamentous Fungal Agents Isolated from Livestock and
Poultry Feed
Authors: Mohammadi Abdelnasser , Shiravand Sima , Saleh Fatemeh , Yarahmadi Mohammad , Sepahvand Asghar 
Published: February 2023

Background:
One of the most important principles in disease control is the health of livestock
and poultry feed. Given the natural growth of Th. eriocalyx in Lorestan province, its essential oil
can be added to the livestock and poultry feed and prevent the growth of the dominant filamentous
fungi.

Objective:
Therefore, this study aimed to identify the dominant moldy fungal agents of livestock and
poultry feed, examine phytochemical compounds and analyze antifungal effects, anti-oxidant properties,
as well as cytotoxicity against human white blood cells in Th. eriocalyx.

Methods:
Sixty samples were collected in 2016. The PCR test was used to amplify ITS1 and ASP1
regions. The analysis of essential oil was conducted by gas chromatography and gas chromatographymass
spectrometry devices. MIC and MFC were performed using the broth micro-dilution method.
For the analysis of DDPH activity, DDPH was used. Cytotoxicity effect on healthy human lymphocytes
was carried out by the MTT method.

Results:
In this study, A. niger, F. verticilloides and F. circinatum, P. oxalicum, and P. chrysogenum
were the most resistant species, and A. oryzae and A. fumigatus, F. prolifratum and F. eqiseti, P.
janthnellum were the most susceptible ones. IC50 value of T. daenensis Celak was 41.33 μg/ml, and
100 μl/ml of the essential oil caused slight cell lysis.

Conclusion:
Considering our results, compared with drugs and chemical additives, essential oils can
be added to livestock and poultry feed to prevent the growth of filamentous fungi in the livestock and
poultry feed.
Thiazole Derivatives as RORγt Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological
Evaluation, and Docking Analysis
Authors: Mishra Isha , Chandra Phool , Sachan Neetu 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Cancer is a serious concern in developing countries. Due to various worldwide
impacts, it has surpassed coronary disorders becoming the leading cause of mortality. In cancer progression,
the involvement of RORs (retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors) has gained attention in
the search for versatile agents. Thiazole has the potential to be used as a scaffold in the development of
anticancer drugs.

Objective:
This work’s major goal was to design and synthesize promising anticancer candidates.

Methods:
Docking investigations concerning the RORγt receptor were utilized in the design of the compounds.
A series of novel thiazole derivatives was synthesized employing Hantsch synthesis. Melting
points, TLC development, and spectral analyses were considered for the synthesized compounds' characterization.
Corresponding spectra were analyzed and determined to be consistent with the assigned structure.
On 60 human cancer cell lines, selected compounds were investigated in vitro by NCI (National
Cancer Institute), USA, for anticancer action.

Results:
Varying ratios of anticancer potential were presented by the compounds in in vitro studies.
Compound 3c was determined to be the most active compound in the series, with a -15.03 mean growth
percent. In silico study revealed that the synthesized compounds could have anticancer possibilities. In the
targeted pdb id (6q7a) binding site, compound 3c demonstrated excellent docking scores in molecular
docking analyses, supporting its ability to be utilized as a lead compound in rational drug design.

Conclusion:
Compounds with satisfactory docking scores within the binding pocket of chosen pdb id
(6q7a) validated their suitability for usage as lead compounds in rational drug design. Outcomes of in
silico investigations were in agreement with the findings of the cytotoxicity experiments. Leukemia, renal,
breast, and lung cancer cell lines were most sensitive to the substance-treated tumor cells. Electronwithdrawing
groups were essential for antiproliferative action, according to the findings.
Potential Roles of Longan as a Natural Remedy with Tremendous
Nutraceutical Values
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is a characteristic Sapindaceae fruit
native to China and is a seasonal non-climacteric fruit with unique flavor, rich nutrients, and high
economic value. Longan was used as a traditional Chinese medicine for various purposes, such
as soothing nerves, relieving insomnia and increasing blood metabolism. Longan fruits are alternately
eaten fresh, and they have elegant and sweet-tasting flesh. This fruit can also be processed
to make dried pulp, jam, drinks, wine and canned fruit.

Objective:
The aim of this manuscript is to survey the chemical and natural constituents of longan
and show the importance of longan in both modern and traditional pharmaceutical sciences.

Methods:
The goal of this article was to emphasize the most important benefits and pharmaceutical
advantages of longan. The manuscript consists of randomized control experiments, review
articles, observations and analytical studies, which have been gathered from various sources such
as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. A review of the literature was done by
using the keywords such as longan Dimocarpus, longan natural products, traditional Chinese
medicine, and pharmaceutical benefits.

Results:
The most important chemical constituents of the pericarp of longan are friedelin,
friedelanol, (24R)-stigmast-4-en-3-one, β-sitosterol, β-(2-furly) acrylic acid, 6-hydroxy-7-
methoxycoumarin, β-daucosterol, corilagin, gallic acid, heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate, methyl gallate,
4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-ellagic acid, and ellagic acid. The most notable antioxidant compounds
extracted from longan shells are scopoletin, isovanillin, astragalin, quercetin, β-
phenylethyl alcohol and hyperin. The most important biological properties of longan pericarp are
tyrosinase inhibitory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-glycated, anticancer,
memory-increasing impact, and other parameters that have a significant contribution to
human health.

Conclusion:
This review article finds that longan is an excellent source of constituents with beneficial
nutritional and bioactive characteristics. More clinical research may be needed to reveal
the countless substances and their impacts in longan that may affect public health.
An Evaluation of Carbon Nanotube-based and Activated Carbon-based Nanocomposites for Fluoride and Other Pollutant Removal from Water:
A Review
Authors: Bhasin Chandra Prakash , Pathan Amanullakhan , Patel Ruchita V. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Water is the most critical component of the earth's ecosystem because it is fundamental to
the survival of plants and animals. However, our water supply is continuously polluting. Removing
contaminants from water is a crucial part of addressing water scarcity and maintaining a healthy ecosystem
for all. This review focuses on adsorption and the CNTs/AC family nano adsorbents and their
contribution to the removal of fluoride and other contaminants. Many types of wastewater treatment
methods have been employed, including precipitation, ion-exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration,
etc. A water technology with great efficiency and low cost, without requiring costly infrastructure, is
the most preferred option due to adsorption. Recently, the application of carbon family nanomaterials
as adsorbents has been prevalent due to their phenomenal surface properties, simple customization,
immense specific surface area, numerous variations in structural type, chemical stability, porosity, low
density, ease of regeneration, and the ability to be reused. Hazardous contaminants, such as fluoride,
generate major public health risks. Water contamination by heavy metals provides a significant health
concern, including an increased chance of getting diseases like cancer, anaemia, carcinogenic effects,
and acute effects in children. The increased presence of fluoride in water could cause fluorosis, joint
pain, severe anaemia, and other problems. The following review focuses on current findings regarding
the utilisation of CNTs and AC nanoparticles in the elimination of harmful contaminants and fluoride.
Coach-Supported Versus Self-guided Digital Training Course for a Problem-solving Psychological Intervention for Nonspecialists: Protocol for a Pre-Post Nested Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mathur Sonal , Weiss Helen A , Neuman Melissa , Field Andy P , Leurent Baptiste , Shetty Tejaswi , J James E , Nair Pooja , Mathews Rhea , Malik Kanika , Michelson Daniel , Patel Vikram 
Published: February 2023

Background
Psychosocial interventions delivered by nonspecialists can be effective at reducing common adolescent mental health problems in low-resource settings. However, there is a lack of evidence on resource-efficient methods for building capacity to deliver these interventions.

Objective
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of a digital training (DT) course, delivered in a self-guided format or with coaching, on nonspecialists’ competency to deliver a problem-solving intervention intended for adolescents with common mental health problems in India.

Methods
We will conduct a pre-post study with a nested parallel, 2-arm, individually randomized controlled trial. The study aims to recruit 262 participants, randomized 1:1 to receive either a self-guided DT course or a DT course with weekly individualized coaching provided remotely by telephone. In both arms, the DT will be accessed over 4 to 6 weeks. Participants will be nonspecialists (ie, without prior practice-based training in psychological therapies) recruited from among university students and affiliates of nongovernmental organizations in Delhi and Mumbai, India.

Results
Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and 6 weeks post randomization using a knowledge-based competency measure that incorporates a multiple-choice quiz format. The primary hypothesis is that self-guided DT will lead to increased competency scores among novices with no prior experience of delivering psychotherapies. The secondary hypothesis is that digital training with coaching will have an incremental effect on competency scores compared with DT alone. The first participant was enrolled on April 4, 2022.

Conclusions
The study will address an evidence gap on the effectiveness of training methods for nonspecialist providers of adolescent mental health interventions in low-resource settings. The findings from this study will be used to support wider efforts to scale up evidence-based mental health interventions for young people.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05290142; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05290142

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/41981
PHARMACOKINETIC PROFILE OF TETRAPRENYLTOLUQUINONE AFTER SINGLE-DOSE ORAL ADMINISTRATION IN MALE MICE
Authors: SUSANTI MERI , FRAWIRA REZA YUDA , DACHRIYANUS  , WAHYUNI FATMA SRI 
Published: February 2023

Objective: The aim of this study to investigate pharmacokinetic profile of tetraprenyltoluquinone (TPTQ) in male mice’s blood plasma.
Methods: A single dose of 800 mg/kg carried by Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) was given orally where VCO only also administered as a control. Bloods were collected from vena jugularis after 0, ½, ¾, 1, 1½, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h. The TPTQ levels in plasma were analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) following pre-treatment to induce protein precipitation.
Results: The formed pharmacokinetic profile follows the two-compartment model where TPTQ levels increase during the absorption phase and form a biphasic pattern after it decrease. The results showed the pharmacokinetic parameters had Cmax value of 154.92±19.55 µg/ml at tmax of 1.117 h with AUC0-∞ of 1067.59 µg. h/ml. Other parameters were also obtained such as ka = 1.448±0.17 h-1, α = 0.511±0.07 h-1, ke = 0.057±0.02 h-1, t½ absorption = 0.483±0.05 h, t½ elimination = 12.131±0.55 h, Vd/F = 5284.79±629.49 ml, dan Cl/F = 751.84±53.85 ml/h.
Conclusion: The pharmacokinetic profile of TPTQ administered orally show that TPTQ absorbed rapidly, eliminated slowly, and also distributed to peripheral tissues.
AUTHENTICATION OF RATTUS NORVEGICUS FAT AND OTHER ANIMAL FATS USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-MS) AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA)
Authors: LESTARI DWI , SYAMSUL EKA SISWANTO , WIRNAWATI  , SYOFYAN SYOFYAN , ROHMAN ABDUL , HAMIDI DACHRIYANUS 
Published: February 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze fatty acids using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) in combination with chemometric Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for the authentication of Rattus norvegicus fat from other animal fats.
Methods: Extraction of fat from raw meat of Rattus norvegicus, beef, chicken, pork, and dogs using the Bligh Dyer method, then derivatized with 0.2 N NaOCH3, precipitation of sodium glycerol was carried out by adding saturated NaCl to obtain methyl esters which were then injected into the GC-MS instrument. The GC-MS data were then processed using chemometric Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to group Rattus norvegicus fat with other animal fats (beef, chicken, pork, and dog).
Results: The results of the study revealed that fatty acids in Rattus norvegicus using GC-MS produced eleven types of fatty acids, namely: Lauric acid (1,1%), Myristic acid (1,15%), Palmitic acid (21,12%), Palmitoleic acid (2,06%), Stearic acid (8,23%), Vaccenic acid (2,43%), Oleic acid (26,51%), Linoleic acid (19,19%), Arachidic acid (0,09%), and Eucosatrienoic acid (0,39%). Chemometrics Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of Rattus norvegicus fat allows it to be classified with other animal fats.
Conclusion: The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method, in combination with chemometric Principal Component Analysis (PCA), offered effective tools for the authentication of fatty acid of Rattus norvegicus.
FORMULATION OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL SECRETOME AS ANTIAGING CREAM
Authors: MARLINA  , PRADIFTA REYSA , LUCIDA HENNY , SUDJI IKHWAN RESMALA , SALSABILA HANA NURUL , ELIDA NUR , NAMIRA POPY AYU 
Published: February 2023

Objective: Skin aging occurs not only due to age but is influenced by various environmental factors such as lifestyle, pollution, and excessive exposure to UV rays. Secretomes can act as antiaging agents that stimulate collagen biosynthesis naturally in the skin. This study aims to create a cream containing 5% secretome with essential oil, dermatological examination, and Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) checking.
Methods: Antiaging efficacy testing involves examination by an expert dermatologist for assessment before and after using the cream. The antiaging impact test criteria include moisture, elasticity, and collagen values. Consequently, the cream shows an antiaging activity.
Results: The antiaging efficacy test revealed increased moisture from 24.375±11.97 to 25.125±7.1; the skin elasticity also increased from 40.375±8.39 to 48.5±9.09 and the collagen value increased from 48.25±13.54 to 56.5±8.63. The result shows that the cream contains a 61.143 pg/ml concentration of FGF using an ELISA kit.
Conclusion: The formula for cream preparations containing 5% secretome with essential oil meets the requirements of cosmetics through several evaluations of the trial. It has an antiaging effect, proven through several tests.
The Kuleshov Effect and the Death of the Auteur
Authors: Russell Michael 
Published: February 2023

The 'Kuleshov Effect' has long been regarded as being both of seminal importance in the development of cinema in the 1920s and yet also as being so ambiguous and difficult to interpret that it has almost become all things to all people. This article shall utilise the Kuleshov Effect as its own palimpsest to try to trace connections between Soviet montage cinema, the politique des auteurs of the French Nouvelle Vague and Barthes' essay on 'The Death of the Author'.
Computer Error: Voices and Translations in Edwin Morgan’s Science Fiction Poetry
Authors: Jones Russell 
Published: February 2023

My favourite scene in the movie Independence Day (1996) is when Captain Steven Hiller (Will Smith) knocks out an alien with a single clout, whips out a smart “welcome to Earth”-esque punch line and then lights up a cigar. Sheer. Smith. Action. But what if aliens aren’t all doomsayers, what if all they want is a nice chat? This article will examine the variety of voices in Edwin Morgan’s Science Fiction Poetry (hereby referred to as SFP) and consider their continuities and differences with Morgan’s non-SFP. It will discuss the importance of Morgan as a translator and experimenter of language, highlighting the freedom which SFP allows Morgan as a poet.
He Said/She Said: Truth-Telling and #MeToo
Authors: Gilmore Leigh 
Published: February 2023

"He Said/She Said: Truth-Telling and #MeToo" analyses how the conversation about sexual violence changed when millions of women worldwide raised their voices to say “Me Too.” It historicizes the #MeToo movement within feminist activism in communities of colour around sexual assault advocacy and in relation to Anita Hill's testimony in 1991 that Clarence Thomas sexually harassed her. The #MeToo moment offers a clear representation of the scale of sexual violence and presents a vivid example of the power of testimony to conjure a scene of witness through the power of truth-telling. Leigh Gilmore argues that truth-telling is dynamic and that survivor speech in the form of #MeToo has disrupted the routine minimization of women's accounts of harm into the "He said/She said" pattern.
Dietary nitrate and corresponding gut microbiota prevent cardiac dysfunction in obese mice
Authors: Petrick Heather L. , Ogilvie Leslie M. , Brunetta Henver S. , Robinson Avery , Kirsh Aleah J. , Barbeau Pierre-Andre , Handy Rachel M. , Coyle-Asbil Bridget , Gianetto-Hill Connor , Dennis Kaitlyn M.J.H. , Loon Luc J.C. van , Chabowski Adrian , Schertzer Jonathan D. , Allen-Vercoe Emma , Simpson Jeremy A. , Holloway Graham P. 
Published: February 2023

<p>Impaired heart function can develop in diabetic individuals in the absence of coronary artery disease or hypertension, suggesting mechanisms beyond hypertension/increased afterload contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Identifying therapeutic approaches that improve glycemia and prevent cardiovascular disease are clearly required for clinical management of diabetes-related comorbidities. Since intestinal bacteria are important for metabolism of nitrate, we examined if dietary nitrate and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) from nitrate-fed mice could prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced cardiac abnormalities. Male C57Bl/6N mice were fed an 8-week low-fat diet (LFD), HFD, or HFD+Nitrate (4mM sodium nitrate). HFD-fed mice presented with pathological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, reduced stroke volume and increased end diastolic pressure, in association with increased myocardial fibrosis, glucose intolerance, adipose inflammation, serum lipids, LV mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), and gut dysbiosis. In contrast, dietary nitrate attenuated these detriments. In HFD-fed mice, FMT from HFD+Nitrate donors did not influence serum nitrate, blood pressure, adipose inflammation, or myocardial fibrosis. However, microbiota from HFD+Nitrate mice decreased serum lipids, LV ROS, and similar to FMT from LFD donors, prevented glucose intolerance and cardiac morphology changes. Therefore, the cardioprotective effects of nitrate are not dependent on reducing blood pressure, but rather mitigating gut dysbiosis, highlighting a nitrate-gut-heart axis. </p>
Systolic blood pressure measurements with Doppler ultrasonic flow detector and high-definition oscillometry are comparable on population level but show large intra-individual differences in apparently healthy elderly dogs
Authors: Marynissen Sofie , Schils Gaëlle , Stammeleer Lisa , Daminet Sylvie , Smets Pascale , Paepe Dominique 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Agreement of systolic blood pressure measurements (SBP) between noninvasive blood pressure devices in conscious dogs is poorly studied. Situational hypertension is expected in clinics, but studies are lacking. This study aimed to compare SBP measurements obtained with Doppler ultrasonic flow detector (Doppler) versus high-definition oscillometry (HDO) in clinics and at home and to estimate the prevalence of situational hypertension in conscious, apparently healthy elderly dogs.

ANIMALS
122 apparently healthy elderly or geriatric dogs were prospectively recruited.

PROCEDURES
Systolic blood pressure was obtained consecutively with Doppler and HDO techniques in a randomized order per dog, following a standardized protocol. An at-home measurement was advised for in-clinic hypertensive dogs (SBP ≥ 160 mmHg), also using both devices.

RESULTS
Dual measurements were available in 102 dogs. Median SBP was 147.3 mmHg (range, 105 to 239 mmHg) for Doppler and 152.3 mmHg (range, 113 to 221 mmHg) for HDO. Forty-six percent (56/122) were hypertensive, of which 9% (11/122) were hypertensive with both methods. No significant difference was found between the 2 devices in the global study population or within the group of hypertensive dogs. Repeated at-home measurements were performed in 20/56 (35.7%) hypertensive dogs, resulting in a 10 and 26 mmHg lower median SBP value for Doppler and HDO, respectively (P > .05). In-clinic situational hypertension was presumed in 8/20 (40%) dogs.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The choice of the noninvasive blood pressure device did not significantly impact SBP results, but large interindividual differences in SBP between techniques occurred. Situational hypertension was frequently observed in clinic.
New Approach to Image Segmentation: U-Net Convolutional Network for Multiresolution CT Image Lung Segmentation
Authors: Surono Sugiyarto , Rivaldi Muhammad , Dewi Deshinta Arrova , Irsalinda Nursyiya 
Published: February 2023

Image processing is the main topic of discussion in the field of computer vision technology. With the increase in the number of images used over time, the types of images with different resolution qualities are becoming more diverse. Low image resolution leads to uncertainty in the task of image processing. Therefore, a method with high performance is needed for image processing. In image processing, there is a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) architecture for semantic segmentation of pixels called U-Net. U-Net is formed by an encoder network and decoder network that will later produce segmented images. In this paper, researchers applied the U-Net architecture to the lung CT image dataset, which has different resolutions in each image, to segment the image that produces a segmented lung image. In this study, we conducted experiments for many training and testing data ratios while also comparing the model performances between the single resolution dataset and the multiresolution dataset. The results showed that the segmentation accuracy using a single resolution dataset is as follows: 5 to 5 ratio is 66.00%, 8 to 2 ratio is 88.96%, and 9 to 1 ratio is 94.47%. For the multiresolution dataset, the application is: 5 to 5 ratio is 82.42%, 8 to 2 ratio is 90.12%, and 9 to 1 ratio is 93.66%. And for the result, the training time using single resolution dataset are: 5 to 5 ratio is 59.94 seconds, 8 to 2 ratio is 87.16 seconds, and 9 to 1 ratio is 195.34 seconds, as for multiresolution data application are: 5 to 5 ratio is 49.60 seconds, 8 to 2 ratio is 102.08 seconds, and 9 to 1 ratio is 199.79 seconds. Based on those results, we obtained the best accuracy for single resolution at a 9:1 ratio and the best training time for multiresolution at a 5:5 ratio. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-02-014 Full Text: PDF