bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of community pharmacy professionals’ willingness, involvement, beliefs, and barriers to offer health promotion services: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ayenew Wondim , Seid Abdulwase Mohammed , Kasahun Asmamaw Emagn , Ergena Asrat Elias , Geremaw Derso Teju , Limenh Liknaw Workie , Demelash Teshome Bitew , Simegn Wudneh , Anagaw Yeniewa Kerie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The role of community pharmacy professionals has been expanded to patient care and health promotion service globally. However, in Ethiopia, there is a scanty of data on the issue, although the country is dealing with a double burden of non-communicable and communicable diseases.

Objectives
This study aimed to assess community pharmacy professionals’ willingness, involvement, beliefs, and barriers to offer extended services for health promotion in Injibara town, Amhara, Ethiopia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among licensed and registered community pharmacy professionals working in Injibara town from June 25 to July 10, 2022. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were presented using descriptive statistics. The data were analyzed using STATA version 16 software.

Results
A total of 24 community pharmacy professionals were involved in the study, with a response rate of 92.3%. Approximately 91.7% of them were involved in health promotional services. Of them, 54.1% were willing and strongly believed that their involvement in health promotion services would have a positive impact on promoting health. A total of 60.9% of the community pharmacy professionals reported that they were very involved in family planning and alcohol consumption counseling. Different barriers to not providing health promotion services were also cited.

Conclusions
Majority of community pharmacy professionals in this study is involved in health promotional services but there are also barriers on their involvement. Therefore, governmental strategies to overcome the barriers that hamper their involvement should be designed.
Health services utilization and associated factors among fee waiver beneficiaries’ in Dessie city administration, Northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study design
Authors: Tadesse Nigusie , Feleke Amsalu , Chanie Muluken Genetu , Adamu Kidist , Mekonen Asnakew Molla 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The fee waiver system is one of the components of the 2004 health care financing reform in Ethiopia. It is a system for granting access to health services to those who are unable to pay. The utilization health services among fee waiver beneficiaries remain low and unevenly distributed. This study aimed to assess the utilization of health services and associated factors among fee waiver beneficiaries in Dessie City, Northeast Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed in Dessie City from March 23 to April 23, 2021. The study was conducted among 407 fee waiver beneficiaries. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Both bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regressions were performed. Significant factors for the outcome variable were identified at 95% CI with a p-value < 0.05.

Results
The overall health service utilization among fee waiver beneficiaries was found to be 62.4% (95% CI: 58.1–67.2). Being an urban resident [AOR:2.83, 95% CI:1.26–6.32], having a merchant occupation [AOR:0.20, 95% CI:0.05–0.80], having an average monthly income of 500–1000 birr [AOR:3.22, 95% CI:1.06–6.90], having a chronic disease [AOR:8.36, 95% CI:4.47–15.62], and perceiving the severity of illness as mild [AOR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07–0.81] were found to be statistically associated factors with health service utilization.

Conclusions
The fee waiver beneficiaries were not fully utilizing health services at public health facilities. Being an urban resident, being a merchant, having an average monthly income of 500–1000 birr, having a chronic disease, and perceived severity of illness were significantly associated with health service utilization. As a result, boosting income-generating strategies and urbanizing rural parts of the city may improve health service utilization among fee waiver beneficiaries.
Vector-virus interaction affects viral loads and co-occurrence
Authors: Eliash Nurit , Suenaga Miyuki , Mikheyev Alexander S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundVector-borne viral diseases threaten human and wildlife worldwide. Vectors are often viewed as a passive syringe injecting the virus. However, to survive, replicate and spread, viruses must manipulate vector biology. While most vector-borne viral research focuses on vectors transmitting a single virus, in reality, vectors often carry diverse viruses. Yet how viruses affect the vectors remains poorly understood. Here, we focused on the varroa mite (Varroa destructor), an emergent parasite that can carry over 20 honey bee viruses, and has been responsible for colony collapses worldwide, as well as changes in global viral populations. Co-evolution of the varroa and the viral community makes it possible to investigate whether viruses affect vector gene expression and whether these interactions affect viral epidemiology.ResultsUsing a large set of available varroa transcriptomes, we identified how abundances of individual viruses affect the vector’s transcriptional network. We found no evidence of competition between viruses, but rather that some virus abundances are positively correlated. Furthermore, viruses that are found together interact with the vector’s gene co-expression modules in similar ways, suggesting that interactions with the vector affect viral epidemiology. We experimentally validated this observation by silencing candidate genes using RNAi and found that the reduction in varroa gene expression was accompanied by a change in viral load.ConclusionsCombined, the meta-transcriptomic analysis and experimental results shed light on the mechanism by which viruses interact with each other and with their vector to shape the disease course.
A simple high-throughput method for automated detection of Drosophila melanogaster light-dependent behaviours
Authors: Moulin Thiago C. , Dey Sovik , Dashi Giovanna , Li Lei , Sridhar Vaasudevan , Safa Tania , Berkins Samuel , Williams Michael J. , Schiöth Helgi B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Like most living organisms, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster exhibits strong and diverse behavioural reactions to light. Drosophila is a diurnal animal that displays both short- and long-term responses to light, important for, instance, in avoidance and light wavelength preference, regulation of eclosion, courtship, and activity, and provides an important model organism for understanding the regulation of circadian rhythms both at molecular and circuit levels. However, the assessment and comparison of light-based behaviours is still a challenge, mainly due to the lack of a standardised platform to measure behaviour and different protocols created across studies. Here, we describe the Drosophila Interactive System for Controlled Optical manipulations (DISCO), a low-cost, automated, high-throughput device that records the flies’ activity using infrared beams while performing LED light manipulations.

Results
To demonstrate the effectiveness of this tool and validate its potential as a standard platform, we developed a number of distinct assays, including measuring the locomotor response of flies exposed to sudden darkness (lights-off) stimuli. Both white-eyed and red-eyed wild-type flies exhibit increased activity after the application of stimuli, while no changes can be observed in Fmr1 null allele flies, a model of fragile X syndrome. Next, to demonstrate the use of DISCO in long-term protocols, we monitored the circadian rhythm of the flies for 48 h while performing an alcohol preference test. We show that increased alcohol consumption happens intermittently throughout the day, especially in the dark phases. Finally, we developed a feedback-loop algorithm to implement a place preference test based on the flies’ innate aversion to blue light and preference for green light. We show that both white-eyed and red-eyed wild-type flies were able to learn to avoid the blue-illuminated zones.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate the versatility of DISCO for a range of protocols, indicating that this platform can be used in a variety of ways to study light-dependent behaviours in flies.
Construction and characterization of a genome-scale ordered mutant collection of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
Authors: Arjes Heidi A. , Sun Jiawei , Liu Hualan , Nguyen Taylor H. , Culver Rebecca N. , Celis Arianna I. , Walton Sophie Jean , Vasquez Kimberly S. , Yu Feiqiao Brian , Xue Katherine S. , Newton Daniel , Zermeno Ricardo , Weglarz Meredith , Deutschbauer Adam , Huang Kerwyn Casey , Shiver Anthony L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Ordered transposon-insertion collections, in which specific transposon-insertion mutants are stored as monocultures in a genome-scale collection, represent a promising tool for genetic dissection of human gut microbiota members. However, publicly available collections are scarce and the construction methodology remains in early stages of development.

Results
Here, we describe the assembly of a genome-scale ordered collection of transposon-insertion mutants in the model gut anaerobe Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 that we created as a resource for the research community. We used flow cytometry to sort single cells from a pooled library, located mutants within this initial progenitor collection by applying a pooling strategy with barcode sequencing, and re-arrayed specific mutants to create a condensed collection with single-insertion strains covering >2500 genes. To demonstrate the potential of the condensed collection for phenotypic screening, we analyzed growth dynamics and cell morphology. We identified both growth defects and altered cell shape in mutants disrupting sphingolipid synthesis and thiamine scavenging. Finally, we analyzed the process of assembling the B. theta condensed collection to identify inefficiencies that limited coverage. We demonstrate as part of this analysis that the process of assembling an ordered collection can be accurately modeled using barcode sequencing data.

Conclusion
We expect that utilization of this ordered collection will accelerate research into B. theta physiology and that lessons learned while assembling the collection will inform future efforts to assemble ordered mutant collections for an increasing number of gut microbiota members.
Inspiratory response and side-effects to rapid bilateral magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation using differently shaped coils: implications for stimulation-assisted mechanical ventilation
Authors: Boyle Kyle G. P. J. M. , Eichenberger Philipp A. , Schön Patrick , Spengler Christina M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Rapid magnetic stimulation (RMS) of the phrenic nerves may serve to attenuate diaphragm atrophy during mechanical ventilation. With different coil shapes and stimulation location, inspiratory responses and side-effects may differ. This study aimed to compare the inspiratory and sensory responses of three different RMS-coils either used bilaterally on the neck or on the chest, and to determine if ventilation over 10 min can be achieved without muscle fatigue and coils overheating.

Methods
Healthy participants underwent bilateral anterior 1-s RMS on the neck (RMSBAMPS) (N = 14) with three different pairs of magnetic coils (parabolic, D-shape, butterfly) at 15, 20, 25 and 30 Hz stimulator-frequency and 20% stimulator-output with + 10% increments. The D-shape coil with individual optimal stimulation settings was then used to ventilate participants (N = 11) for up to 10 min. Anterior RMS on the chest (RMSaMS) (N = 8) was conducted on an optional visit. Airflow was assessed via pneumotach and transdiaphragmatic pressure via oesophageal and gastric balloon catheters. Perception of air hunger, pain, discomfort and paresthesia were measured with a numerical scale.

Results
Inspiration was induced via RMSBAMPS in 86% of participants with all coils and via RMSaMS in only one participant with the parabolic coil. All coils produced similar inspiratory and sensory responses during RMSBAMPS with the butterfly coil needing higher stimulator-output, which resulted in significantly larger discomfort ratings at maximal inspiratory responses. Ten of 11 participants achieved 10 min of ventilation without decreases in minute ventilation (15.7 ± 4.6 L/min).

Conclusions
RMSBAMPS was more effective than RMSaMS, and could temporarily ventilate humans seemingly without development of muscular fatigue.
Trial registration This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04176744).
Membrane protein trafficking in the anti-tumor immune response: work of endosomal-lysosomal system
Authors: Jin Yan , Deng Zhifeng , Zhu Ting 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImmunotherapy has changed the treatment landscape for multiple cancer types. In the recent decade, great progress has been made in immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T-cell therapy, and cancer vaccines. ICIs work by reversing tumor-induced immunosuppression, resulting in robust activation of the immune system and lasting immune responses. Whereas, their clinical use faces several challenges, especially the low response rate in most patients. As an increasing number of studies have focused on membrane immune checkpoint protein trafficking and degradation, which interferes with response to immunotherapy, it is necessary to summarize the mechanism regulating those transmembrane domain proteins translocated into the cytoplasm and degraded via lysosome. In addition, other immune-related transmembrane domain proteins such as T-cell receptor and major histocompatibility are associated with neoantigen presentation. The endosomal-lysosomal system can also regulate TCR and neoantigen-MHC complexes on the membrane to affect the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy and cancer vaccines. In conclusion, we discuss the process of surface delivery, internalization, recycling, and degradation of immune checkpoint proteins, TCR, and neoantigen-MHC complexes on the endosomal-lysosomal system in biology for optimizing cancer immunotherapy.
Sex-related differences in the effect of rotational thrombectomy for thrombus-containing lower limbs ischemic lesions
Authors: Xu Jinyan , Yu Qingyuan , Zhu Guanglang , Zhao Zhiqing , Xiao Yu , Bao Junmin , Yuan Liangxi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To assess the immediate effect and factors affecting the efficacy of rotational thrombectomy (RT) in patients with thrombus-containing lower-limb ischaemic lesions.

Methods
Patients were retrospectively divided into two groups: RT and RT+ CDT (Catheter-directed thrombolysis). The RT group included patients in whom intraoperative thrombus aspiration was successful, while the RT + CDT group included patients in whom intraoperative thrombus aspiration was less effective and remedial CDT treatment was used. The primary outcome was the immediate effect of RT on thrombus-containing lower-limb ischaemic lesions.

Results
From May 2015 to July 2021, 170 patients (113 men, 57 women; mean age, 74.0 years) with thrombus-containing lower-limb ischaemic lesions were treated in our centre. Of these patients, 113 received RT only, while 57 received RT + CDT. There were no significant intergroup differences in terms of age, disease duration, or comorbidities, but a higher proportion of male patients and higher preoperative plasma D-dimer levels (1.23 vs. 0.84; p = .017) was observed in the RT + CDT group. There were no significant intergroup differences in terms of diagnosis, lesion characteristics, lesion location, or lesion length. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.098–6.410; p = .030) and poor distal runoff (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.439–5.988; p = .003) were associated with higher rates of additional CDT. Male patients also had a significantly longer onset time, more thrombotic occlusions, and a greater frequency of in-stent restenosis.

Conclusions
RT alone or with CDT is a feasible primary treatment option for thrombus debulking. Sex significantly influences the effect of RT on thrombus-containing lower-limb ischaemic lesions.
Saturated very long-chain fatty acids regulate macrophage plasticity and invasiveness
Authors: Zierfuss Bettina , Buda Agnieszka , Villoria-González Andrea , Logist Maxime , Fabjan Jure , Parzer Patricia , Battin Claire , Vandersteene Streggi , Dijkstra Inge M. E. , Waidhofer-Söllner Petra , Grabmeier-Pfistershammer Katharina , Steinberger Peter , Kemp Stephan , Forss-Petter Sonja , Berger Johannes , Weinhofer Isabelle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSaturated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA, ≥ C22), enriched in brain myelin and innate immune cells, accumulate in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) due to inherited dysfunction of the peroxisomal VLCFA transporter ABCD1. In its severest form, X-ALD causes cerebral myelin destruction with infiltration of pro-inflammatory skewed monocytes/macrophages. How VLCFA levels relate to macrophage activation is unclear. Here, whole transcriptome sequencing of X-ALD macrophages indicated that VLCFAs prime human macrophage membranes for inflammation and increased expression of factors involved in chemotaxis and invasion. When added externally to mimic lipid release in demyelinating X-ALD lesions, VLCFAs did not activate toll-like receptors in primary macrophages. In contrast, VLCFAs provoked pro-inflammatory responses through scavenger receptor CD36-mediated uptake, cumulating in JNK signalling and expression of matrix-degrading enzymes and chemokine release. Following pro-inflammatory LPS activation, VLCFA levels increased also in healthy macrophages. With the onset of the resolution, VLCFAs were rapidly cleared in control macrophages by increased peroxisomal VLCFA degradation through liver-X-receptor mediated upregulation of ABCD1. ABCD1 deficiency impaired VLCFA homeostasis and prolonged pro-inflammatory gene expression upon LPS treatment. Our study uncovers a pivotal role for ABCD1, a protein linked to neuroinflammation, and associated peroxisomal VLCFA degradation in regulating macrophage plasticity.
Effects of different doses of vancomycin powder in total knee and hip arthroplasty on the periprosthetic joint infection rate: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liao Shiyu , Yang Zhize , Li Xiao , Chen Jintian , Liu Jian-guo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is a serious complication for patients. Some joint surgeons have tried to use vancomycin powder (VP) in total knee and total hip arthroplasty to prevent postoperative PJI, but its effect is still not clear. At present, there is no meta-analysis that specifically analyses the effect of different doses of vancomycin powder on the incidence of PJI.

Methods
We carried out a search based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and identified the studies we needed. Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software was employed for statistical analysis.

Results
The analysis of primary TKA (PTKA) showed that using 1 g (RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.22–0.67 [P = 0.0008]) and 2 g (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.31–0.74 [P = 0.0008]) of vancomycin powder in primary TKA (PTKA) could all significantly prevent PJI. The analysis of primary THA (PTHA) showed that using 1 g (RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17–0.80 [P = 0.01]) of vancomycin powder effectively decreased the incidence of PJI, while using 2 g (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.53–1.97 [P = 0.94]) of vancomycin powder had no significant effect on preventing PJI. Because the data were abnormal, we believed the conclusion that using 2 g of vancomycin powder in primary THA had no effect on preventing PJI was doubtful. Using vancomycin powder in revision TKA (RTKA) significantly reduced the PJI rate (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.14–0.77 [P = 0.01]), similar to revision THA (RTHA) (RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.14–0.96 [P = 0.04]).

Conclusions
In primary TKA, both 1 g and 2 g of vancomycin powder can effectively prevent PJI. In primary THA, using 1 g of vancomycin powder is a better choice, while the effect of using 2 g of vancomycin powder is not clear, and a more prospective randomized controlled trial should be done to verify it. In revision TKA and revision THA, vancomycin powder is a good choice to prevent PJI.
CT-guided placement of microcoil end in the pleural cavity for video-assisted thoracic surgical resection of ground-glass opacity: a retrospective study
Authors: An Jianli , Dong Yanchao , Li Yanguo , Han Xiaoyu , Niu Hongtao , Zou Zibo , Wu Jingpeng , Tian Ye , Chen Zhuo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to investigate and summarize the effectiveness and safety of CT-guided microcoil localization before video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for the removal of ground-glass opacity (GGO).

Methods
A total of 147 patients with GGO who were treated at our hospital between January 2019 and February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to the final position at the end of the microcoil: intracavity (n = 78) and extracavity (n = 69), which were compared based on puncture complications and influence of the coil end position on VATS.

Results
The proportions of supine and prone positions in the intracavity group were significantly higher than those in the extracavity group (82.1% vs. 66.7%, P < 0.05). The incidence of intrapulmonary hemorrhage, chest pain, and coil displacement in the intracavity group was significantly lower than that in the extracavity group (28.2% vs. 46.4%, 19.2% vs. 39.1%, 1.3% vs. 11.6%, P < 0.05, respectively); however, the incidence of pneumothorax was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The time of VATS and the rate of conversion to thoracotomy in the intracavity group were significantly lower than those in the extracavity group (103.4 ± 21.0 min vs. 112.2 ± 17.3 min, 0% vs. 5.8%, P < 0.05, respectively).

Conclusion
CT-guided placement of the microcoil is a practical, simple, and convenient localization method before VATS, with a high success rate and few complications. Furthermore, it is a better alternative method to place the end of the coil in the pleural cavity because of the lower complication rate, shorter VATS time, and lower rate of thoracotomy conversion.