bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miniaturized dual wideband MIMO antenna for implantable biomedical applications
Authors: Ashvanth Balu , Partibane Bactavatchalame 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA novel miniaturized multiple input multiple output (MIMO)‐based implantable antenna is designed to operate with dual bands, which are wide enough to cover three industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands of 402–405 MHz, 902–928 MHz, and 2.4–2.48 GHz. The proposed antenna has an overall dimension of π ×  × 0.635 mm3 and uses an RT3010 substrate of thickness 0.635 mm. Each element of MIMO has a spiral structure made of meandered line to realize resonance at 915 MHz, while an arc is etched in each element for obtaining a band of 403 MHz. Semicircular slots are etched in each quadrant of the ground plane for better impedance matching at the higher band of 2.4 GHz. In a −10 dB fractional bandwidth of 95%, 45.36% is attained for the realized bands. Simulation in a skin phantom provides better impedance matching and mutual coupling of less than −15 dB in the three operating bands.
Small field output correction factors at 18 MV
Authors: Ringholz Jonas , Sauer Otto A. , Wegener Sonja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe response of various detectors in the radiotherapy energy range has been investigated, especially for 6 and 10 MV energies for small fields, and is summarized in TRS‐483. However, data for accelerator energies above 10 MV are sparse or unavailable for many detectors, especially for the energy of 18 MV. Small variations in field output factors for the commissioning of a treatment planning system can have a high impact on calculation of dose distributions.PurposeMany studies describe an energy dependence of the response for a large number of detectors. We wanted to close the gap for the 18 MV energy regime and determined field output correction factors for different detectors at 18 MV.MethodsAn ELEKTA Versa HD accelerator at 18 MV was used together with a PTW MP3 water phantom at an SSD of 90 cm. The following detectors were examined: PTW Semiflex 31021, PinPoint 3D 31022, diode 60012, diode 60008 and microDiamond 60019, Sun Nuclear EDGE detector, IBA PFD, SFD, Razor Chamber, Razor Nano Chamber and Razor Diode, Standard Imaging Scintillator Exradin W2 1x3, W2 1x1 and Gafchromic EBT3 film. The dose response was determined at a depth of 10 cm for square fields between 0.5 and 10 cm side length. As reference data a composure of radiochromic film data for small fields ( cm) and data of all compatible chambers for larger fields ( cm) was used. The effective field sizes of small fields were determined from profiles obtained on radiochromic film. The obtained field output correction factors obey the rules of the TRS‐483 protocol.ResultsThe W2 1x1 scintillator and the Razor Chamber showed the smallest deviations from the reference curve. The shielded diodes (diode 60008, EDGE detector) showed the highest over‐response at small fields, followed by PFD, microDiamond and the unshielded diodes (diode 60012, SFD). The ionization chambers exhibited the well‐known volume effect, that is, strong under‐response at small fields of up to 9% for the PinPoint 3D, 7% for the Razor Chamber and up to 30% for the Semiflex detector for the smallest studied field size. The small chambers showed a polarity effect in axial orientation, especially the Razor Nano Chamber. Corrections at 18 MV are generally larger than those provided by TRS‐483, continuing the trend of increasing corrections between 6 and 10 MV also at a higher accelerator energy. Only the PinPoint 3D Chamber showed a slightly smaller correction.ConclusionsField output correction factors were determined for square field sizes between 0.5 and 10 cm at 18 MV. Most detectors needed a larger correction than at 6 and 10 MV. Thus, the use of correction factors will improve beam data for 18 MV.
Anisotropic NMR data acquisition with a prototype 400 MHz cryogen‐free NMR spectrometer
Authors: Silva Elipe Maria Victoria , Ndukwe Ikenna Edward , Navarro‐Vázquez Armando 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh‐temperature superconducting (HTS) materials have recently been incorporated into the construction of HTS cryogen‐free magnets for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. These HTS NMR spectrometers do not require liquid cryogens, thereby providing significant cost savings and facilitating easy integration into chemistry laboratories. However, the optimal performance of these HTS magnets against standard cryogen NMR magnets must be evaluated, especially with demanding modern NMR applications such as NMR in anisotropic media. The stability of the HTS magnets over time and their performance with complex pulse sequence experiments are the main unknown factors of this new technology. In this study, we evaluate the utility of our prototype 400 MHz cryogen‐free power‐driven HTS NMR spectrometer, installed in the fumehood of a chemistry laboratory, for stereochemical analysis of three commercial natural products (artemisinin, artemether, and dihydroartemisinin) via measurement of anisotropic NMR data, in particular, residual dipolar couplings. The accuracy of measurement of the anisotropic NMR data with the HTS magnet spectrometer is evaluated through the CASE‐3D fitting protocol, as implemented in the Mestrenova‐StereoFitter software program.
Ameta‐analysisof training effects on English phonological awareness and reading in native Chinese speakers
Authors: Jiang Ying , Gai Xiaosong , Üstün‐Yavuz Meryem S. , Zhang Mingzhe , Thomson Jenny M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnhancing English phonological awareness is critical in promoting native English speakers’ reading development. However, less attention has been paid to the role of phonological awareness development for English language learners in a logographic context. This meta‐analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of training native Chinese speakers’ English phonological awareness and reading across age groups. Thirty‐three articles, including 37 independent samples, were identified as training studies that reported English phonological awareness as an outcome measure, and 16 articles, including 17 independent samples, featured training studies that reported reading as an outcome measure. Results based on a random‐effect model revealed the effect sizes for overall English phonological awareness (including English syllable awareness, phoneme awareness, and rhyme awareness) and overall reading (including word reading and pseudoword reading) wereg = 0.651 (n = 3137) andg = 0.498 (n = 1506), respectively. Specifically, instructional training exerted a small impact on word reading (g = 0.297), moderate effects on syllable awareness (g = 0.468) and pseudoword reading (g = 0.586), a medium to large effect on phoneme awareness (g = 0.736), and a large impact on rhyme awareness (g = 0.948). The moderator analyses yielded several significant findings. Regarding the English phonological awareness outcome, programs integrating lexical semantic knowledge exhibited the largest trend in enhancing native Chinese speakers’ skills. Among all age groups, upper elementary students benefited most from instructional training. Furthermore, more intensive training had a greater impact than less intensive training. In terms of the reading outcome, similar to English phonological awareness findings, upper elementary students realized the greatest improvements. Additionally, unpublished articles indicated a larger training effect on reading than published ones. These findings provide practitioners with guidelines for delivering effective instruction to promote phonological awareness and reading ability for English language learners in a logographic language context.
Optimization of polylactic acid 3D printing parameters based on support vector regression and cuckoo search
Authors: Yang Yuan , Dai Xilin , Yang Bo , Zou Peng , Gao Feng , Duan Jihao , Wang Changxu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is evolving from a rapid prototyping tool to a pillar of the Industry 4.0 revolution and widely used in various industries, since it can quickly and efficiently create workpieces with complex structures and integrated functions. After analyzing the 3D printing principle of fused deposition modeling (FDM), this paper proposes a deformation control‐oriented optimization method for process parameters of FDM of the polylactic acid (PLA) materials, based on support vector regression (SVR) and cuckoo search (CS). First, FDM printing principle and its main process parameters were analyzed. Two key parameters, printing temperature and printing speed, were selected for research, with the maximum shrinkage deformation as the workpiece contour accuracy index. Combining Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) with Finite Element Analysis (FEA), finite sample sets were generated. Second, learning from the sample data, the SVR surrogate model was built to predict the workpiece contour accuracy, and the nonlinear relationship between FDM process parameters and PLA shrinkage deformation was obtained. Finally, taking the combination of printing temperature and speed as the design variable and minimizing the maximum shrinkage deformation as the optimization objective, the FDM process parameters optimization model was established, and CS was used to search for the optimal parameters combination. Experimental comparison showed that the FEA results and SVR model in this method are correct and effective, and the PLA workpiece shrinkage deformation is smaller under the optimal parameters combination, which effectively improves the shape accuracy of FDM workpieces.Highlights
Combining support vector regression (SVR) and cuckoo search (CS) can optimize polymer 3D printing process parameters.
Effective finite element model was built for polymer 3D printing.
SVR model established by simulation data can predict workpiece deformation.
The optimal process parameters were found using CS algorithm.
Blown film extrusion of poly(lactic)acid/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) blends for improved toughness and processability
Authors: Koca Nazan , Aversa Clizia , Barletta Massimiliano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPoly(lactic acid) is one of the most commonly used bioplastics thanks to its mechanical performance and low environmental impact. Strategies to overcome excessive rigidity of PLA are constantly investigated. Poor viscoelastic behavior and brittleness of PLA seriously limit its potential application as a common film material. Herein highly amorphous Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)(4HB)) was introduced to improve toughness and reduce brittleness of PLA. Anti‐blocking (silica) and anti‐slipping agent (Ethylene bis‐stearamide (EBS)) were added to improve the processability of the blends, specifically to solve winding issues of the blown film and unfolding of the layflat. In this study three formulations containing PLA and different ratios of P(3HB)(4HB), specifically 10–20–30% were extruded. The mechanical, thermal and surface characterization of the films was performed. The tensile and the tear strength test results show that P(3HB)(4HB) increased the ductility of PLA based films. Increasing amounts of P(3HB)(4HB) provide a toughening effect on PLA/P(3HB)(4HB) blown films without altering transparency of PLA. Moreover, the processing additives proved to be efficient in improving film blowing stability and avoiding tackiness during the winding phase of the film.
Theoretical study of CHYMO32 peptide obtained by in silico fragmentation of the escapin protein isolated from marine hare Aplysia californica: A prediction for antimicrobial activity
Authors: Cardoso Macley Silva , Boeira Jane Marlei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe scenario involving the alarming growth of bacterial resistance has never been more worrying. Increasingly selective and sophisticated bacterial strains resistant to traditional antibiotics are a threat to the health system worldwide. Therefore, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising path in the fight against multidrug‐resistant pathogens. Here, using an in silico methodology, employing robust software, the present study aims to analyze the chymo32 peptide, obtained by enzymatic fragmentation of the escapin protein to test its possible antibacterial effects, correlating them with their physical–chemical nature. In this study, we used in silico predictions such as structural prediction, physicochemical properties, hemolytic activity, and prediction of activity for immunomodulation. Among the 378 peptide fragments obtained from the original protein, chymo32 was the only peptide selected in the field of screenings involving sequence length, cationicity, hydrophobicity, and prediction of antibacterial activity. The physical–chemical properties of chymo32 are promising, as well as its prediction as AMP. The immunomodulation predictions showed no immunogenic potential, which indicates greater safety in the posterior steps in vitro, also highlighting the absence of hemolytic activity, one of the main problems associated with AMPs in the therapeutic clinic.
High flow nasal cannula use is associated with increased hospital length of stay for pediatric asthma
Authors: Rogerson Colin , Owora Arthur , He Tian , Carroll Aaron , Schleyer Titus , AbuSultaneh Samer , Tu Wanzhu , Mendonca Eneida 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a respiratory device increasingly used to treat asthma. Recent mechanistic studies have shown that nebulized medications may have reduced delivery with HFNC, which may impair asthma treatment. This study evaluated the association between HFNC use for pediatric asthma and hospital length of stay (LOS).MethodsThis was a retrospective matched cohort study. Cases included patients aged 2–18 years hospitalized between January 2010 and December 2021 with asthma and received HFNC treatment. Controls were selected using logistic regression propensity score matching based on demographics, vital signs, medications, imaging, and social and environmental determinants of health. The primary outcome was hospital LOS.ResultsA total of 23,659 encounters met eligibility criteria, and of these 1766 cases included HFNC treatment with a suitable matched control. Cases were well‐matched in demographics, social and environmental determinants of health, and clinical characteristics including use of adjunctive asthma therapies. The median hospital LOS for study cases was significantly higher at 87 h (interquartile range [IQR]: 61–145) compared to 66 h (IQR: 43–105) in the matched controls (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the rate of intubation and mechanical ventilation (8.9% vs. 7.6%, p = .18); however, the use of NIV was significantly higher in the cases than the control group (21.3% vs. 6.7%, p < .01).ConclusionIn this study of children hospitalized for asthma, HFNC use was associated with increased hospital LOS compared to matched controls. Further research using more granular data and additional relevant variables is needed to validate these findings.
Pediatric pulmonology year in review 2022: Sleep medicine
Authors: Cabrera Agustin J. , Tapia Ignacio E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPediatric pulmonology publishes original research, review articles, and case reports on a wide variety of pediatric respiratory disorders. In this article, we summarized the past year's publications in sleep medicine and reviewed selected literature from other journals in this field. We focused on original research articles exploring aspects of sleep‐disordered breathing in patients with underlying conditions such as asthma, neuromuscular disorders, and Down syndrome. We also explored sleep‐disordered breathing risk factors, monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment; and included recent recommendations for drug‐induced sleep endoscopy and ways to monitor and improve PAP adherence remotely.
Nonsynchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus continuous positive airway pressure as a primary mode of respiratory support in neonates (26−40 weeks) admitted in a tertiary care center: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dey Rakesh , Sardar Syamal Kumar , Kumar Saha Anindya , Mukherjee Suchandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionContinuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a standard respiratory care for neonates for last few decades but it too has a high failure rate. Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is proven to be superior to CPAP in maintaining higher mean airway pressure in neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome. The main objective of this study was to compare failure within 72 h of initiation of primary respiratory support between nonsynchronized NIPPV and CPAP in all causes of respiratory distress in newborn infants. Secondarily feed intolerance, Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC > stage II), hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH > gradeIII), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), duration of support and mortality were also compared.MethodsThis was a single center randomized controlled trial. Stratified randomization was done for 216 neonates, based on the gestational age in two subgroups 26−33 weeks and 34−40 weeks whopresented with respiratory distress within 5 days of birth, to receive either NIPPV or CPAP. Primary and secondary outcomes were documented.ResultsStatisticalsignificant difference was noted for primary outcome (RR 0.48 [confidence interval = 0.301−0.786], p = 0.003) but not for other secondary outcomes. NIPPV appeared superior in respect to noninvasiveventilation days, BPD occurrence and hospitalization duration.ConclusionAs a primary mode, nonsynchronized NIPPV was more efficacious than CPAP in preventing intubation within 72 h of initiation of respiratory support. Further multicenter studies are warranted to explore the benefits of this respiratory support.
Efficacy of drip irrigation with thiamethoxam on control of Monolepta hieroglyphica, and uptake, translocation and dietary risk of thiamethoxam in maize
Authors: Yan Wenjuan , Zheng Qun , Yang Liupeng , Zhu Shiqi , Zhang Zhixiang , Xu Hanhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMonolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) is an important agricultural pest that causes significant economic losses in terms of crop production. Conventional pesticide spraying treatments can result in pesticide drift, endanger nontarget organisms and cause pests to fly away, resulting in unsatisfactory prevention and control effects. To study the effect of thiamethoxam on the control of maize M. hieroglyphica, a field experiment was conducted to determine the optimal thiamethoxam application dose, its spatial and temporal distribution dynamics, and its dietary risk based on its control effect when applied by spray and drip irrigation.RESULTSThe results of the field trials showed that compared with spray irrigation, drip irrigation resulted in greater control starting from Day 5. This result was a consequence of the hysteresis effect of thiamethoxam being first absorbed by the roots and then continuously transferred upward, where it accumulates. After 30 days of drip irrigation with 75 and 150 g a.i. ha−1 thiamethoxam, the control effect on M. hieroglyphica was 32.41–49.44% and 69.77–80.57%, respectively. The results of the dietary risk assessment showed that the risk of thiamethoxam ingestion through maize kernels was acceptable regarding its effect on human health.CONCLUSIONSDrip irrigation with thiamethoxam can improve the effective utilization rate of pesticides, achieve precise control of maize M. hieroglyphica, and provide a new method for sustainable agricultural production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Senkyunolide B exhibits broad‐spectrum antifungal activity against plant and human pathogenic fungi via inhibiting spore germination and destroying the mature biofilm
Authors: Tan Junfeng , Yang Junwei , Aobulikasimu Nuerbiye , Zhang Chen , Cao Bixuan , Lv Hang , Jiang Mingguo , Han Li , Huang Xueshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAspergillus infection seriously jeopardizes the health and safety of life of immunocompromised patients. The emergences of antifungal resistance highlight a demand to find new effective antifungal drugs. Angelica sinensis is a medicine–food herb and phthalides are its characteristic components. A few of the phthalides have been reported to display satisfactory antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi. However, the structure–activity relationships and antifungal action mechanism of phthalides remain to be further explored and elucidated.RESULTSThe antifungal activities of five natural phthalides and four artificial analogs were investigated, and their structure–activity relationships were preliminarily elucidated in the current study. The benzene ring moiety played an essential role in their antifungal activities; the oxygen‐containing substituents on the benzene ring obviously impacted their activities, the free hydroxyl was favorable to the activity. Typical phthalide senkyunolide B (SENB) exhibited broad antifungal activities against human and plant pathogenic fungi, especially, Aspergillus fumigatus. SENB affected the spore germination and hyphae growth of Aspergillus fumigatus via down‐regulating phosphatidylinositol‐PKC‐calcineurin axis and the expression of ENG genes. Moreover, SENB disturbed the oxidation–reduction process in Aspergillus fumigatus to destroy the mature biofilms. In vivo experiments indicated SENB significantly prolonged survival and decreased fungal burden in mouse model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.CONCLUSIONSPhthalides could be considered as the valuable leads for the development of antifungal drug to cure plant and human disease. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Highly‐computational hierarchical iterative identification methods for multiple‐input multiple‐output systems by using the auxiliary models
Authors: Xing Haoming , Ding Feng , Pan Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe identification of multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems is an important part of designing complex control systems. This article studies an auxiliary model least squares iterative (AM‐LSI) algorithm for MIMO systems. With the expansion of the system scale and limitations of the computer resources, there is an urgent need for an identification algorithm that provides higher computational efficiency. To address this issue, this article further derives a hierarchical identification model and proposes a new auxiliary model hierarchical least squares iterative (AM‐HLSI) algorithm for MIMO systems by applying the hierarchical identification principle. Through the analysis of the computational efficiency, the AM‐HLSI algorithm has higher computational efficiency than the AM‐LSI algorithm. Additionally, the feasibility of the AM‐LSI and AM‐HLSI algorithms is validated by a simulation example.
Threshold for detecting high dimensional geometry in anisotropic random geometric graphs
Authors: Brennan Matthew , Bresler Guy , Huang Brice 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the anisotropic random geometric graph model, vertices correspond to points drawn from a high‐dimensional Gaussian distribution and two vertices are connected if their distance is smaller than a specified threshold. We study when it is possible to hypothesis test between such a graph and an Erdős‐Rényi graph with the same edge probability. If is the number of vertices and is the vector of eigenvalues, Eldan and Mikulincer, Geo. Aspects Func. Analysis: Israel seminar, 2017 shows that detection is possible when and impossible when . We show detection is impossible when , closing this gap and affirmatively resolving the conjecture of Eldan and Mikulincer, Geo. Aspects Func. Analysis: Israel seminar, 2017.