bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcineurin inhibition protects against dopamine toxicity and attenuates behavioral decline in a Parkinson’s disease model
Authors: Mondal Rupsha , Banerjee Chayan , Nandy Sumangal , Roy Moumita , Chakraborty Joy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s disease (PD), a highly prevalent neuro-motor disorder is caused due to progressive loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons at substantia nigra region of brain. This leads to depleted dopamine (DA) content at striatum, thus affecting the fine tuning of basal ganglia. In patients, this imbalance is manifested by akinesia, catalepsy and tremor. PD associated behavioral dysfunctions are frequently mitigated by l-DOPA (LD) therapy, a precursor for DA synthesis. Due to progressive neurodegeneration, LD eventually loses applicability in PD. Although DA is cytotoxic, it is unclear whether LD therapy can accelerate PD progression or not. LD itself does not lead to neurodegeneration in vivo, but previous reports demonstrate that LD treatment mediated excess DA can potentiate neurotoxicity when PD associated genetic or epigenetic aberrations are involved. So, minimizing DA toxicity during the therapy is an absolute necessity to halt or slowdown PD progression. The two major contributing factors associated with DA toxicity are: degradation by Monoamine oxidase and DAquinone (DAQ) formation.

Results
Here, we report that apoptotic mitochondrial fragmentation via Calcineurin (CaN)-DRP1 axis is a common downstream event for both these initial cues, inhibiting which can protect cells from DA toxicity comprehensively. No protective effect is observed, in terms of cell survival when only PxIxIT domain of CaN is obstructed, demonstrating the importance to block DRP1-CaN axis specifically. Further, evaluation of the impact of DA exposure on PD progression in a mice model reveal that LD mediated behavioral recovery diminishes with time, mostly because of continued DAergic cell death and dendritic spine loss at striatum. CaN inhibition, alone or in combination with LD, offer long term behavioral protection. This protective effect is mediated specifically by hindering CaN-DRP1 axis, whereas inhibiting interaction between CaN and other substrates, including proteins involved in neuro-inflammation, remained ineffective when LD is co-administered.

Conclusions
In this study, we conclude that DA toxicity can be circumvented by CaN inhibition and it can mitigate PD related behavioral aberrations by protecting neuronal architecture at striatum. We propose that CaN inhibitors might extend the therapeutic efficacy of LD treatment.
Patient-relevant outcomes following elective, aseptic revision knee arthroplasty: a systematic review
Authors: Sabah Shiraz A. , Hedge Elizabeth A. , von Fritsch Lennart , Xu Joshua , Rajasekaran Raja Bhaskara , Hamilton Thomas W. , Shearman Alexander D. , Alvand Abtin , Beard David J. , Hopewell Sally , Price Andrew J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the evidence for the clinical effectiveness of revision knee arthroplasty (rKA) compared to non-operative treatment for the management of patients with elective, aseptic causes for a failed knee arthroplasty.

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, AMED and PsychINFO were searched from inception to 1st December 2020 for studies on patients considering elective, aseptic rKA. Patient-relevant outcomes (PROs) were defined as implant survivorship, joint function, quality of life (QoL), complications and hospital admission impact.

Results
No studies compared elective, aseptic rKA to non-operative management. Forty uncontrolled studies reported on PROs following elective, aseptic rKA (434434 rKA). Pooled estimates for implant survivorship were: 95.5% (95% CI 93.2–97.7%) at 1 year [seven studies (5524 rKA)], 90.8% (95% CI 87.6–94.0%) at 5 years [13 studies (5754 rKA)], 87.4% (95% CI 81.7–93.1%) at 10 years [nine studies (2188 rKA)], and 83.2% (95% CI 76.7–89.7%) at 15 years [two studies (452 rKA)]. Twelve studies (2382 rKA) reported joint function and/or QoL: all found large improvements from baseline to follow-up. Mortality rates were low (0.16% to 2% within 1 year) [four studies (353064 rKA)]. Post-operative complications were common (9.1 to 37.2% at 90 days).

Conclusion
Higher-quality evidence is needed to support patients with decision-making in elective, aseptic rKA. This should include studies comparing operative and non-operative management. Implant survivorship following elective, aseptic rKA was ~ 96% at 1 year, ~ 91% at 5 years and ~ 87% at 10 years. Early complications were common after elective, aseptic rKA and the rates summarised here can be shared with patients during informed consent.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020196922
A multidisciplinary opioid-reduction pathway for robotic prostatectomy: outcomes at year one
Authors: Manning Michael W. , Whittle John , Fuller Matthew , Cooper Sara H. , Manning Erin L. , Chapman Joe , Moul Judd W. , Miller Timothy E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Opioid use has come under increasing scrutiny, driven in part by the opioid crisis and growing concerns that up to 6% of opioid-naïve patients may become chronic opioid users. This has resulted in a revaluation of perioperative practice. For this reason, we implemented a multidisciplinary pathway to reduce perioperative opioid usage through education and standardization of practice.

Methods
A single-centre retrospective evaluation was performed after 1 year, comparing the outcomes to those of the 2 years prior to pathway implementation. Comparisons were made between pre- vs. post pathway change by 2:1 propensity matching between cohorts. Univariate linear regression models were created using demographic variables with those that were p < 0.15 included in the final model and using post-operative opioid use (in oral morphine equivalents, OME) as the primary outcome.

Results
We found that intraoperative opioid use was significantly decreased 38.2 mg (28.3) vs. 18.0 mg (40.4) oral morphine equivalents (OME), p < .001, as was post-operative opioid use for the duration of the hospitalization, 46.3 mg (49.5) vs. 35.49 mg (43.7) OME, p = 0.002. In subgroup analysis of those that received some intraoperative opioids (n = 152) and those that received no opioids (n = 34), we found that both groups required fewer opioids in the post-operative period 47.0 mg (47.7) vs. 32.4 mg (40.6) OME, p = 0.001, + intraoperative opioids, 62.4 mg (62.9) vs. 35.8 mg (27.7) OME, p = 0.13, - intraoperative opioids. Time to discharge from the PACU was reduced in both groups 215 min (199) vs. 167 min (122), p < 0.003, + intraoperative opioids and 253 min (270) vs. 167 min (105), p = 0.028, - intraoperative opioids. The duration of time until meeting discharge criteria from PACU was 221 min (205) vs. 170 min (120), p = 0.001. Hospital length of stay (LOS) was significantly reduced 1.4 days (1.3) vs. 1.2 days (0.8), p = 0.005. Both sub-groups demonstrated reduced hospital LOS 1.5 days (1.4) vs. 1.2 days (0.8), p = 0.0047, + intraoperative opioids and 1.7 days (1.6) vs. 1.3 days (0.9), p = 0.0583, - intraoperative opioids. Average pain scores during PACU admission and post-PACU until discharge were not statistically different between cohorts.

Conclusions
These findings underscore the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach to reduce opioids. Furthermore, it demonstrates improved patient outcomes as measured by both shorter PACU and almost 50% reduction in perioperative opioid use whilst maintaining similar analgesia as indicated by patient-reported pain scores.
Modelling the timing of migration of a partial migrant bird using ringing and observation data: a case study with the Song Thrush in Italy
Authors: Ambrosini Roberto , Imperio Simona , Cecere Jacopo G. , Andreotti Alessandro , Serra Lorenzo , Spina Fernando , Fattorini Niccolò , Costanzo Alessandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe study of the timing of migration is fundamental to the understanding of the ecology of many bird species and their response to climate change, and it has important conservation and management implications e.g., for assessing the hunting seasons according to the EU Directive 2009/147/EC (Birds Directive).MethodsWe developed a new method for the analysis of ringing data (both first capture and re-encounters) and citizen science observations, to assess the timing of pre- and post-nuptial migration of birds. This method was tested on the Song ThrushTurdus philomelos, using i) the Bird Ringing Database hosted by the ISPRA Italian Ringing Centre from the whole Italian peninsula, the three closest large islands (Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica), and Canton Ticino (Switzerland) and ii) the eBird data for the same study area.ResultsThe results from both datasets consistently showed that pre-nuptial migration starts during the first 10-day period of January (Jan 1) in some central and southern areas of the Italian peninsula, in central Sicily, southern Sardinia, and Corsica. The onset of migration occurs on Jan 2 in the rest of central and southern Italy, Sicily and Sardinia, and western Liguria, while it starts later in the north-eastern Alps, up to Mar 3. The end of post-nuptial migration is more synchronous, occurring on Nov 1 across most of Italy, slightly earlier (Oct 3) in northern Italy and later (Nov 2) in Sicily. The uncertainty of the estimated dates was < 2 days in most cases.ConclusionThis method represents a novel and valuable tool for the analyses of the timing of migration using ringing and citizen science data and provides an important contribution to the Key Concepts Document of the EU Birds Directive, where migration timings are considered and used to define the hunting period of birds.
I like language assessment: EFL learners’ voices about self-assessment, self-efficacy, grit tendencies, academic resilience, and academic demotivation in online instruction
Authors: Wicaksono Bayu Hendro , Ismail Sayed M. , Sultanova Shakhnoza Akmalovna , Abeba Dejen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSelf-awareness and self-evaluation are at the heart of both core of self-assessment, self-efficacy, and grit tendencies. Although there is a lot written about self-assessment, self-efficacy, and grit tendencies, academic resilience, and motivation, very little is known about how self-assessment, self-efficacy, and grit tendencies contribute to the academic resilience and academic demotivation of the learners, especially in online English as a foreign language (EFL) assessment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate a structural model of core of self-assessment, self-efficacy, grit tendencies, academic resilience, and academic demotivation among EFL students. Consequently, 385 EFL students took surveys measuring their language-learning endeavors using the Core of Self-assessment Questionnaire (CSAQ), the Self-Efficacy Scale (S-ES), the language-domain-specific grit scale (L2-Grit S), the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS), and the Academic Demotivation Scale (ADS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) findings revealed that highly resilient and motivated EFL students had high core of self-assessment. Additionally, grit tendencies and self-efficacy displayed effectiveness in elevating academic resilience and motivation in online assessment. The results of this study may have worthwhile pedagogical implications for incorporating technologically enhanced learning and assessment into the classroom.
Identification of ancient glass categories based on distance discriminant analysis
Authors: Wu Shuyu , Zhong Jingyang , Ye Hui , Kang Xusheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It is crucial for archaeological investigations to identify the category of cultural relics by analyzing their chemical composition. This study analyzed the chemical composition distribution of glass cultural relics and applied distance discriminant analysis methods to classify them into two categories. Through stepwise regression, four key feature factors (

$${SiO}_{2}, {K}_{2}O, PbO$$

SiO

2

,

K
2

O
,
P
b
O

, and the presence of weathering on the artifact's surface) were selected from a total of 15 features, including surface weathering. Aside from using columnar table analysis to determine weathering on the surface of the artifact and correlations between categories, and using Spearman correlation coefficients to select key feature factors such as

$${SiO}_{2}, {K}_{2}O, PbO, BaO, and \,SrO$$

SiO

2

,

K
2

O
,
P
b
O
,
B
a
O
,
a
n
d

S
r
O

from 14 total feature factors (excluding weathering on the surface), we established a Mahalanobis distance discriminant model to differentiate unknown glass artifacts. Results indicate that Spearman-Mahalanobis distance discrimination outperformed stepwise regression-Mahalanobis distance discrimination, with an overall accuracy of 99.10% for the former and 98.69% for the latter in identifying high-potassium glass or lead-barium glass.
Comparison of corneal aberrations from anterior segment swept source OCT versus Placido-topography combined spectral domain OCT in cataract patients
Authors: Georgiev Stefan , Ruiss Manuel , Dana-Fisus Andreea , Leitgeb Rainer A. , Findl Oliver 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To comprehensively evaluate the agreement of component corneal aberrations from the newly updated wavefront analysis software of a swept-source optical coherence tomographer (SS-OCT) and a referential Placido-topography combined OCT device in elderly cataract patients.

Methods
Retrospective study including 103 eyes from 103 elderly patients scheduled for cataract surgery that were measured on the same day with a SS-OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) device and a Placido-topography combined OCT device (CSO, Italy). Anterior, total, and posterior corneal wavefront aberrations were evaluated for their mean differences and limits of agreement (LoA) via Bland-Altman plots. Vector analysis was additionally employed to compare corneal astigmatism measurements in dioptric vector space.

Results
Mean differences of all corneal aberrometric parameters did not exceed 0.05 μm. Total corneal aberrations were not significantly different from 0 except for vertical coma (− 0.04 μm; P = 0.003), spherical aberration (− 0.01 μm, P < 0.001), and root mean square (RMS) higher-order aberration (HOA) (0.03 μm, P = 0.04). The 95% LoA for total corneal aberration parameters between both devices were − 0.46 to 0.42 μm for horizontal astigmatism, − 0.37 to 0.41 μm for oblique astigmatism, − 0.19 to 0.17 μm for oblique trefoil, − 0.33 to 0.25 μm for vertical coma, − 0.20 to 0.22 μm for horizontal coma, − 0.22 to 0.20 μm for horizontal trefoil, − 0.11 to 0.08 μm for spherical aberration, and − 0.22 to 0.28 μm for RMS HOA. Vector analysis revealed no statistically significant mean differences for anterior, total, and posterior corneal astigmatism in dioptric vector space.

Conclusion
In eyes undergoing cataract surgery with a regular elderly cornea, corneal wavefront analysis from the SS-OCT device showed functional equivalency to the reference device. Nevertheless, clinically relevant higher order aberration parameters should be interpreted with caution for surgical decision-making.
Postoperative Choroidal Vascular Biomarkers in Eyes with Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment-Related Giant Retinal Tears
Authors: Quiroz-Reyes Miguel A. , Quiroz-Gonzalez Erick A. , Quiroz-Gonzalez Miguel A. , Lima-Gomez Virgilio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and choriocapillaris flow area (CFA) are perfusion biomarkers relevant to retinal disease management. There is limited knowledge regarding these biomarkers in eyes that have been successfully treated for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) due to giant retinal tears (GRTs). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between choroidal perfusion biomarkers and functional outcomes in surgically treated eyes with GRT-associated RRD and their fellow eyes.

Methods
A total of 33 GRT eyes and 29 fellow eyes were included in this study. All RRD-GRT eyes were treated with vitrectomy and categorized into two groups based on whether additional scleral buckles (SB) were placed. Visual and choroidal features were compared between the groups.

Results
The subjects had an average age of 55.18 years, a mean time of 2.36 weeks before surgery, and a mean follow-up time of 25.9 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was substantially worse in GRT eyes (1.9 logMAR) than in fellow control eyes (0.23 logMAR) but substantially improved after surgery (0.59 logMAR). There were no differences in the presurgical characteristics and BCVA between the eyes that did and did not undergo SB. Long-term CVI and CFA were lower in eyes with GRT than in their fellow eyes. Among eyes with GRT, those with SB had significantly lower CVI and CFA. Correlation analysis revealed that the CVI and CFA were positively correlated with visual outcomes (negative correlation with logMAR).

Conclusion
Despite successful surgical repair, long-term functional and choroidal evaluations showed permanent changes in eyes with GRT. Positive correlations between perfusion biomarkers and visual function suggest that better choroidal vasculature is associated with better visual outcomes. The results of this study highlight the benefits of analyzing choroidal vasculature biomarkers and the relationship between the choroidal anatomy and vision.
Compatibility study of patiromer with juices/liquids and soft foods
Authors: Khoeiklang Martin , Wilhelm Maria , Li Lingyun , Quinn Carol P. Moreno 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPatiromer powder for oral suspension (patiromer o.s.) is a once-daily, potassium (K+) binder approved for the treatment of hyperkalemia. It is known that patiromer o.s. can be mixed with water, apple juice, or cranberry juice. This in vitro study assessed whether mixing patiromer o.s. with a variety of other liquids and soft foods would affect the total K+-exchange capacity (TKEC) of patiromer. Juices (grape, orange, pear, or pineapple), nectars (apricot or peach), and other liquids/soft foods (milk, thickener, apple sauce, chocolate pudding, vanilla pudding, or yoghurt) were assessed for compatibility with patiromer o.s. at low and high ratio levels, equivalent to patiromer active moiety doses of 8.4 g and 25.2 g per 80 mL (1/3 cup), respectively. Mixtures were stirred, rested for 45 min, diluted with water, and centrifuged. Residues were washed, vacuum filtered, and dried. TKEC of the residue was evaluated; the prespecified acceptance criterion for patiromer was 8.4–10.0 mmol/g. Mean TKECs of the patiromer in juices/nectars were 8.7–8.9 mmol/g for the low ratio and 8.5–8.6 mmol/g for the high ratio. For other liquids/soft foods, the mean TKEC for patiromer at low and high ratios was 8.5–8.7 mmol/g. All tested vehicles were within the prespecified range. Mixing of patiromer o.s. with juices/liquids and soft foods does not adversely affect the K+-binding capability of patiromer. Use of different vehicles for suspending patiromer o.s. may help with its palatability, enhance patient experience, and reduce nonadherence.
Graphical Abstract
The potassium binder, patiromer powder for oral suspension, can be mixed with water, juices (apple, cranberry, grape, orange, pear, or pineapple), nectar (apricot or peach), other liquids (milk or thickener), and soft foods (apple sauce, chocolate or vanilla pudding, or yoghurt) for the treatment of hyperkalemia.
Comparison of volumetric and areal bone mineral density in CT and scout scans using spectral detector technology
Authors: Hammel Johannes , Birnbacher Lorenz , Campbell Graeme , Coulon Philippe , Ushakov Lev , Pfeiffer Franz , Makowski Marcus R. , Kirschke Jan , Pfeiffer Daniela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To determine whether denoised areal bone mineral density (BMD) measurements from scout scans in spectral detector computed tomography (CT) correlate with volumetric trabecular BMD for opportunistic osteoporosis screening.

Methods
A 64-slice single-source dual-layer spectral CT scanner was used to acquire scout scan data of 228 lumbar vertebral bodies within 57 patients. Scout scans in anterior–posterior (AP) view were performed with a dose of < 0.06 mSv and spectrally decomposed into areal BMD (aBMD) values. A spectral dictionary denoising algorithm was applied to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Volumetric trabecular bone mineral density (vBMD) was determined via material decomposition. A 3D convolutional network for image segmentation and labeling was applied for automated vBMD quantification. Projected maps were used to compare the classification accuracy of AP and lateral scout scans.

Results
The denoising algorithm led to the minimization of anticorrelated noise in spectral maps and an SNR increase from 5.23 to 13.4 (p < 0.002). Correlation analysis between vBMD and measured AP aBMD, projected AP, and lateral aBMD showed a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.68, 0.81, and 0.90, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the osteoporosis classification task were higher in lateral projection images than in AP crystallizing in an increased area under the curve value of 0.99 versus 0.90.

Conclusion
Denoised material-specific aBMD maps show a positive correlation to vBMD, enabling spectral scout scans as an opportunistic predictor for osteoporotic patients. This could be applied routinely as a screening tool in patients undergoing a CT examination.

Relevance statement
Scout-based DEXA could be applied routinely as a screening tool in patients undergoing a CT examination.

Key points
• Spectral scout scans can be used as a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-like screening tool.
• Spectral dictionary denoising on projection images increases the signal-to-noise ratio.
• Positive correlation between volumetric and areal bone mineral density is observed.
• Lateral projections increase osteoporosis classification accuracy compared to anterior-posterior projections.

Graphical Abstract