bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of acute cholecystitis with abnormally high CA19-9
Authors: Oinuma Shinichiro , Yoshio Deguchi , Omotaka Syunsuke , Terunuma Takuya , Kasagi Shinya , Kimura Hironobu , Yokoyama Noboru , Inoue Haruhiro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
CA19-9 is strongly expressed in malignant tumors of the digestive system and is widely used as a marker for gastrointestinal cancer. In this report, we describe a case of acute cholecystitis in which CA19-9 was markedly elevated.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis after being referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of fever and right hypochondrial pain. CA19-9 was abnormally high at 17,539.1 U/ml. Although the possibility of malignancy was considered, there was no obvious malignant lesion on imaging; the patient was diagnosed with cholecystitis, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed the day after admission. The surgical specimen showed no malignant findings either grossly or in the final pathological examination. There were no complications in the patient’s postoperative course, and he was discharged from the hospital on the third postoperative day. CA19-9 level quickly returned to within normal range after surgery.

Conclusions
In acute cholecystitis, CA19-9 levels exceeding 10,000 U/ml are very rare. We report a case of acute cholecystitis without malignant findings despite a high CA19-9 level.
Age-Related Differences in the Limited Range of Motion of the Lower Extremity and Their Relation to Low Back Pain in Young Baseball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study of 1215 Players
Authors: Kato Kinshi , Otoshi Kenichi , Tominaga Ryoji , Kaga Takahiro , Igari Takahiro , Sato Ryohei , Kaneko Yota , Konno Shin-ichi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAge-related differences in the limited range of motion of the lower extremities and their relationship with low back pain in juvenile athletes have not been well assessed. This study investigated the relationship between low back pain and limited range of motion of the hip and knee in young baseball players during the baseball season.ResultsParticipants comprised 1215 baseball players (216 pitchers, 999 fielders) aged 6–16 years who underwent medical checkups (self-completed questionnaire and physical examination). Of the 1215 players, 255 (21.0%) experienced seasonal low back pain requiring rest during the previous year. The prevalence of low back pain and a positive Thomas test, straight-leg-raising test, and heel-to-buttock test increased with age. Univariate analysis revealed that a positive heel-to-buttock test in both the throwing and non-throwing arm sides in the 11–12 age group and a positive Thomas test in the throwing arm side in the 13–14 age group were associated with seasonal low back pain (P = 0.0051,P = 0.021, andP = 0.048, respectively). Multivariate analysis, adjusted for factors associated with low back pain, showed significant associations between the positive heel-to-buttock test (odds ratio 1.75, 95% confidence interval 1.11–2.79;P = 0.016) and low back pain in players aged 11–14 years.ConclusionsA positive heel-to-buttock test is potentially associated with low back pain among juvenile baseball players. Particular attention should be paid to the limited range of motion of the knee joint and tightness of the quadriceps femoris muscle among baseball players with low back pain aged 11–14 years.
Return direction forecasting: a conditional autoregressive shape model with beta density
Authors: Xie Haibin , Sun Yuying , Fan Pengying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper derives a new decomposition of stock returns using price extremes and proposes a conditional autoregressive shape (CARS) model with beta density to predict the direction of stock returns. The CARS model is continuously valued, which makes it different from binary classification models. An empirical study is performed on the US stock market, and the results show that the predicting power of the CARS model is not only statistically significant but also economically valuable. We also compare the CARS model with the probit model, and the results demonstrate that the proposed CARS model outperforms the probit model for return direction forecasting. The CARS model provides a new framework for return direction forecasting.
Role of multimodal advanced biomarkers as potential predictors of cognitive and psychiatric aspects of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Badr Marwa Y. , Amer Reham A. , Kotait Mona A. , Shoeib Sara M. , Reda Alaa M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The value of biomarker research in Parkinson's disease (PD) exists in the early detection and accurate diagnosis of non-motor neuropsychiatric symptoms with implications for future treatment strategies. The aim of the this work was to assess and predict risk for possible cognitive, psychiatric abnormalities in patients with early stage idiopathic PD using a combination of advanced diagnostic biomarkers for early recognition and intervention.

Methods
This cross-sectional case–control study was conducted on 58 eligible idiopathic PD-patients, and 45 age/sex-matched healthy controls. All participants were subjected to neuro-psychiatric-, radiological-, audiological-, and laboratory-evaluations. Cognitive assessment was performed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Mattis Dementia, and Parkinson’s Disease-Cognitive scales. Depression was evaluated by Hamilton Depression and Beck Depression Inventory-II rating scales. Radiologically, volumetric-MRI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and susceptibility weighted imaging were done. Audiologically, P300 and cortical auditory evoked potentials were elicited. Laboratory investigations included 24 h-urinary 5-HIAA and serum levels of IL6, BDNF, 5-HT, and aberrant cimiRNA 132-3p expression profile.

Results
Neuropsychological scales revealed mild depression and mild cognitive impairment, with significant differences in PD group. Volumetric-MRI highlighted that PD-patients had a significant bilateral decrease in the mean cortical thickness and thickness/volume of many brain areas. DTI showed a reduction in fractional isotropy and a significant bilateral increase in mean diffusivity through many areas in PD-patients. Patients also had either absent or diminished amplitude of P300,P1, diminished amplitude of N1,P2,N2 and delayed latency of all previous waves. There was a significant reduction of 24 h-urinary 5-HIAA and serum BDNF, with significant elevation of serum IL6, as well as non-significant reduction of serum 5-HT and microRNA-132-3p(2-ΔCt) in PD-patients.

Conclusions
Early stage PD-patients had subtle cognitive impairment and depression as detected by psychometric scales and correlated significantly with the various biomarkers, including advanced neuro-imaging, evoked potential studies, and laboratory markers. The key message of this work include evaluating the high prevalence of cognitive and psychiatric impairment in early idiopathic PD has encouraged research and workup for precision medicine. Proper integration of advanced multimodal biomarkers in this study has led to predict the risk of early mild cognitive and psychiaric affection. This will optimize the health strategies for early proper management to improve quality of life.
IPatch: a remote adversarial patch
Authors: Mirsky Yisroel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractApplications such as autonomous vehicles and medical screening use deep learning models to localize and identify hundreds of objects in a single frame. In the past, it has been shown how an attacker can fool these models by placing an adversarial patch within a scene. However, these patches must be placed in the target location and do not explicitly alter the semantics elsewhere in the image. In this paper, we introduce a new type of adversarial patch which alters a model’s perception of an image’s semantics. These patches can be placed anywhere within an image to change the classification or semantics of locations far from the patch. We call this new class of adversarial examples ‘remote adversarial patches’ (RAP). We implement our own RAP called IPatch and perform an in-depth analysis on without pixel clipping on image segmentation RAP attacks using five state-of-the-art architectures with eight different encoders on the CamVid street view dataset. Moreover, we demonstrate that the attack can be extended to object recognition models with preliminary results on the popular YOLOv3 model. We found that the patch can change the classification of a remote target region with a success rate of up to 93% on average.
Agro-industrial waste: a cost-effective and eco-friendly substrate to produce amylase
Authors: Naik Bindu , Kumar Vijay , Rizwanuddin Sheikh , Chauhan Mansi , Gupta Arun Kumar , Rustagi Sarvesh , Kumar Vivek , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe increase in the global population has led to a substantial increase in the demand for food supply as well as food manufacturing industries that regularly produce large amounts of food waste. Agro-industrial waste has attracted tremendous attention all over the world since ancient times, such waste is usually dumped or burned and poses a threat to human health and the environment, which has always been a matter of serious concern. However, food waste is a major source of complex carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, fibers, and helps in the manufacture of raw materials for a variety of industrial purposes such as the production of biofuels, enzymes, bioactive compounds, biodegradable plastics, surfactants. Hence it is necessary to convert food waste into value-added products that reduce environmental problems. The present review paper attempts to outline and analyze the potential of agro-industrial residues as cost-effective substrates to produce the enzyme amylase using a wide range of microbial strains.
Graphical Abstract
Hyperoxia in critically ill patients with sepsis and septic shock: a systematic review
Authors: Catalanotto Francesca Romana , Ippolito Mariachiara , Mirasola Alice , Catalisano Giulia , Milazzo Marta , Giarratano Antonino , Cortegiani Andrea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In septic patients, hyperoxia may help with its bactericidal effects, but it may cause systemic impairments. The role of hyperoxia and the appropriate oxygen target in these patients is unknown. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available literature.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search screening PubMed and Cochrane Library. Studies on adult patients with sepsis or septic shock and admitted to ICU addressing the topic of hyperoxia were included and described.

Results
We included 12 studies, for a total of 15.782 included patients. Five studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or analyses from RCTs, three were prospective observational studies, and four were retrospective observational studies. The definition of hyperoxia was heterogeneous across the included studies. Mortality was the most frequent outcome: six studies showed an increased rate or risk of mortality with hyperoxia, three found no differences, and one a protective effect of hyperoxia. At the critical appraisal assessment stage, no major methodological flaws were detected, except for a single-center, pilot study, with a lack of adjustment for confounders and imbalance between the groups.

Conclusion
The optimum range of oxygen level able to minimize risks and provide benefits in patients with sepsis or septic shock seems still unknown. Clinical equipoise between hyperoxia and normoxia is uncertain as conflicting evidence exists. Further studies should aim at identifying the best range of oxygenation and its optimal duration, investigating how effects of different levels of oxygen may vary according to identified pathogens, source of infection, and prescribed antibiotics in critically ill patients with sepsis and septic shock.
Applications and limitations of distributed acoustic sensing in shallow seismic surveys and monitoring
Authors: Abukrat Yarin , Sinitsyn Pavel , Reshef Moshe , Lellouch Ariel 
Published: May 2023

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is an emerging technology gaining acceptance in a variety of seismological applications. We systematically analyze the adaptability and usefulness of horizontal DAS deployments for near-surface geophysical applications, such as surface wave inversion, diving wave tomography, and passive subsurface source location. We find that, in accordance with previous studies, DAS data are generally similar to traditional sensors and can be successfully used independently. Nonetheless, DAS data suffer from inherent limitations due to the design of the optical measurement system. Among others, we identify the gauge length, measurement directivity, and saturation at near offsets as the primary limiting factors. When operating in low-velocity environments and a standard 10 m gauge length, surface wave analysis may be constrained to the usage of low frequencies due to the wavenumber filtering effect of the gauge length. The measurement directivity generally prohibits applications that are based on upgoing P-wave energy, such as near-offset diving wave tomography. In addition, saturation at near offsets prevents reliable diving wave traveltime picking. As a consequence of these limitations, the ultrashallow resolution achievable with DAS data is poor. Source directivity also strongly limits passive source location resolution. Whereas some of the limitations can be alleviated through an optimal choice of optical parameters at the interrogator level, we mostly rely on adapted field acquisition and data processing workflows that use the undisturbed portion of the recorded signal. Eventually, the spatiotemporal resolution and relative ease of long-term deployments turn DAS into a worthwhile option for monitoring and time-lapse scenarios, or when operating in urban environments over existing infrastructure.
Numerical modeling of low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing signals for mixed-mode reactivation
Authors: Wang Chaoyi , Eaton David W. , Ma Yuanyuan 
Published: May 2023

In recent years, the development of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology has enabled direct monitoring of subsurface strain during hydraulic fracturing (HF) operations. Most low-frequency (<1 Hz) DAS (LFDAS) signals exhibit strain or strain-rate patterns that are characteristic of propagating tensile hydraulic fractures. However, mixed-mode fault reactivation, consisting of shear slip (mode II) with tensile opening (mode I), can occur in cases where propagating hydraulic fractures intersect preexisting natural fractures or faults. In this study, we show an anomalous LFDAS signal that was observed during an HF operation, with characteristics that differ from typical signals from tensile hydraulic fractures. Anomalous characteristics include the onset of an asymmetric compression-extension doublet after pumping was terminated. The location of the signals, coupled with the image log and seismic data, suggests that mixed-mode reactivation occurred on a preexisting fault. We use a simplified numerical model based on the displacement discontinuity method (DDM) to simulate the anomalous LFDAS signal. Results find that the first-order characteristics of the anomalous signal can be approximated as an initial tensile fault opening (mode I) followed by a shear slip (mode II) on a fault. Therefore, we demostrate the approach of using DDM to investigate mixed-mode fault reactivation during HF operations.
Patient-Reported Outcomes After Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Tremor-Predominant Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Maragkos Georgios A. , Kosyakovsky Jacob , Zhao Patricia , Kearns Kathryn N. , Rush-Evans Shelly , Moosa Shayan , Elias W. Jeffrey 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has emerged as a precise, incisionless approach to cerebral lesioning and an alternative to neuromodulation in movement disorders. Despite rigorous clinical trials, long-term patient-centered outcome data after MRgFUS for tremor-predominant Parkinson's Disease (TPPD) are relatively lacking.

OBJECTIVE:
To report long-term data on patient satisfaction and quality of life after MRgFUS thalamotomy for TPPD.

METHODS:
In a retrospective study of patients who underwent MRgFUS thalamotomy for TPPD at our institution between 2015 and 2022, a patient survey was administered to collect self-reported measures of tremor improvement, recurrence, Patients' Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and side effects. Patient demographics, FUS parameters, and lesion characteristics were analyzed.

RESULTS:
A total of 29 patients were included with a median follow-up of 16 months. Immediate tremor improvement was achieved in 96% of patients. Sustained improvement was achieved in 63% of patients at last follow-up. Complete tremor recurrence to baseline occurred for 17% of patients. Life quality improvement denoted by a PGIC of 1 to 2 was reported by 69% of patients. Long-term side effects were reported by 38% of patients and were mostly mild. Performing a secondary anteromedial lesion to target the ventralis oralis anterior/posterior nucleus was associated with higher rates of speech-related side effects (56% vs 12%), without significant improvement in tremor outcomes.

CONCLUSION:
Patient satisfaction with FUS thalamotomy for tremor-predominant PD was very high, even at longer term. Extended lesioning to target the motor thalamus did not improve tremor control and may contribute to greater frequency of postoperative motor- and speech-related side effects.
Exploring the construct of anticipatory stress in finding a job after residency training through cognitive interviewing: Implications for learner well-being and health workforce planning
Authors: Jawad Sana , Thomas Megan , Hecker Kent , Kassam Aliya 
Published: May 2023

Background: Anticipatory stress (AS) is denoted by concern about future events for which there is little control. Most AS research has been physiological studies such as measuring salivary cortisol levels. Medical learners may experience AS regarding employment after residency, however anticipatory stress AS a psychological construct across career stages has not previously been studied. The objective of this study is to explore the psychological construct of employment AS in medical students, residents, and former Program Directors (PDs). Methods: Participants were recruited from a large Canadian medical school via purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews with n=21 participants (six medical students, nine residents, and six PDs) were transcribed verbatim, and coded by two independent reviewers using thematic analysis. Results: Participants agreed that financial, family, and geographical factors exacerbate AS, and it is mitigated by flexibility, social support, and being proactive. External support, job market saturation, and differences between medical specialties also influence AS. Perspectives unique to participant groups included: medical students reflecting on a hidden curriculum and preoccupation with proximal issues over distal concerns of employment; residents experiencing competing residency program demands; former PDs finding that resident competency, yearly hiring fluctuations, and existing stress impact AS. Consequences of AS include physical and psychological manifestations, performance anxiety, and pursuing additional training. Conclusions: Perceptions of AS vary by medical career stage. Individual, program and systems-level changes can help manage and address the underlying cause of AS: an unreliable job market for physicians. Correcting the mismatch between residency positions and job openings may be a proactive, preventative approach.
Small- or Medium-Sized Enterprise Uses Operations Research to Select and Develop its Headquarters Location
Authors: Kik David , Wichmann Matthias G. , Spengler Thomas S. 
Published: May 2023

Location decisions are strategic and usually multicriteria. In decision making, companies need to anticipate future developments at potential locations. Company-driven and municipal development measures change location conditions over time. For location-seeking companies, the realization of municipal measures is fraught with uncertainty. They are planned by several municipal actors, and their long-term implications are hard to predict. Thus, the early-systematic consideration of company-internal and -external development measures is vital for decision makers (DMs) in a future-oriented location assessment. In our paper, we develop a robust decision support framework for companies to solve the regional facility location and development planning problem (RFLDP). Our framework includes a quantitative planning approach based on established operations research (OR) optimization models and a practical guideline for a structured acquisition of relevant data. The chief executive officer (CEO) (or DM) of a small- or medium-sized enterprise (SME) asked us to solve his acute RFLDP. For this, we proposed a systematic workflow and accompanied the SME’s regional facility location and development planning. In doing so, we structured the CEO’s decision-making process effectively and created an objective-transparent basis for his strategic decisions. The core feature of our work is the inclusion of the human factor of DMs, as we interacted with the CEO along his decision-making process to gradually develop decision recommendations. As a result, the SME benefited from a better-informed and transparent planning process. We recommended a decision option that was structurally superior to other options, which emerged from the CEO’s intuition and conventional facility location problem solution approaches. Other stakeholders also benefited from the results of our work. History: This paper was refereed. Funding: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [Grant 439640382].
Going the Extra Mile: What Taxi Rides Tell Us About the Long-Hour Culture in Finance
Authors: Okat Deniz , Vasudevan Ellapulli V. 
Published: May 2023

We analyze banks’ “protected-weekend” policies that restrict junior bankers from working during weekends. We use taxi rides from bank addresses in New York City to infer bankers’ working hours. We find the policies induced bankers to shift their work to late-night hours on weekdays. We then investigate whether such shifts in working hours affected the quality of work. After the policy, analysts of the policy-implementing banks make more errors in their earnings forecasts. They also herd more toward the consensus in their forecasts. We further provide evidence that junior bankers are the most adversely affected by the policy. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4774 .
SAFETRANS: a system for 3D visibility estimation and cloud cover detection
Authors: de Lastic H. X. , Soupiona O. , Kostopoulos V. , Georgoussis G. , Papayannis A. , Michelaraki M. , Siomos P. , Koniditsiotis A. , Stavridis A. 
Published: May 2023

The estimation of visibility is of significant importance in aviation
safety and forms part of the measurements routinely collected in real
time to provide safety guidelines and decisions. Our work concerns the
creation and implementation of a lidar-based visibility estimation
system as part of the SAFETRANS research program. We created a
reproducible system to (1) support standard airport equipment,
(2) serve simultaneously as a visibility meter and a ceilometer
reporting on cloud cover, (3) offer increased accuracy and
improved capabilities compared to standardized equipment currently in
use while (4) requiring minimal user training to function. This
work presents the visibility estimation and cloud cover algorithms and
subsequently reports on results of field tests in a number of Greek
airports under various atmospheric conditions.