bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Kamchatka Blocking and East Asian winter monsoon on the winter 2m‐temperature over South Korea
Authors: Choi Myeong‐Ju , Ahn Joong‐Bae 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examines the factors affecting the 2m‐temperatures (T2m) in South Korea in winter (DJF) from 1979/1980 to 2018/2019. For this purpose, we performed an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the geopotential height at 500 hPa in the region 15°–75°N, 70°E–180° centred around the Korean Peninsula. The first EOF mode, which accounted for 31.1% of the total variance of the winter T2m in the region, is related to the KamChatka Blocking Frequency (KCBF). The second mode, which accounted for 18.3%, is associated with East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). In addition to EOF analysis, the partial correlation (PC) analysis also confirmed that KCBF Index and EAWM Index, which are highly correlated with the winter T2ms in South Korea, are independent of each other. The individual and combined effects of the KCBF and EAWM are examined because they independently affect the winter T2ms in South Korea. According to the composite analysis, in the years when KCBF is higher than normal (H_KCBF), negative and positive Z500 anomalies are located over the south Sea of Japan and the Kamchatka Peninsula, respectively. In other words, the positive geopotential anomaly over the Kamchatka Peninsula lowers the T2ms of South Korea by blocking the flow of cold air moving eastward from the Korean Peninsula. In the years when a strong EAWM occurred (S_EAWM), negative and positive Z500 anomalies are located over the Manchuria region and the northwestern regions of Russia, respectively. Consequently, cold air in the north moves southward, resulting in lower T2ms in South Korea. For the combined effects of KCBF and EAWM on the T2ms, winters of 40 years are categorized into L_KCBF‐W_EAWM, L_KCBF‐S_EAWM, H_KCBF‐W_EAWM and H_KCBF‐S_EAWM years. The analyses show that when KCBF and EAWM are in phase, the T2ms in South Korea are more prominent than when they are out‐of‐phase.
Comparison of hermetic bags with polyethylene‐lined polypropylene bags for prolonged storage of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds in Ethiopia
Authors: Seifu Astawus Esatu , Kalsa Karta Kaske , Aweke Hasen Seid , Dibaba Girma Debele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoor storage facilities expose seeds to deterioration, resulting in low seed quality under a prolonged storage time. We compared the performance of five bag types: Two hermetic bags (Super GrainPro bag [SGB] and Purdue Improved Crop Storage bag [PICS]), with three non‐hermetic bags (woven polypropylene bag lined with polyethylene [WPP lined with PE], polypropylene bags [PP], and jute bags) for the storage of faba bean seeds for 24 months. Faba bean seed quality was assessed under ambient conditions after 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of storage. Parameters investigated include seed moisture content, thousand seed weight, germination percentages, vigor index I and II, speed of germination, percentage of insect‐damaged seed, and insect counts. Results indicated that there was a significant (P ≤ 0.01) interaction of bag types and duration for all tested parameters. Hermetic bags and WPP lined with PE maintained germination percentage above 90% during 12 months of storage. The vigor index remained above 1600 mg% for hermetic bags and WPP lined with PE during 12 months of storage. However, non‐hermetic bags exhibited a rapid drop in vigor index beginning from 6 months of storage. Hermetic bags and WPP lined with PE allowed minimal insect breeding and hence decreased the seed damage caused by insects. The present results demonstrated that in addition to the PICS bags and SGB, the WPP lined with PE can be used for short‐period storage for up to 12 months without incurring a significant loss of seed quality. Hence, we recommend the introduction of WPP lined with PE as faba bean seed storage technique under conditions where hermetic bags are inaccessible to resource‐poor farmers.
Morbidity Milestones Demonstrate Long Disability‐Free Survival in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus
Authors: Schnalke Nils , Konitsioti Agni , Frank Anika , Kurz Martin , Polanski Witold H. , Themann Peter , Wolz Martin , Sobottka Stephan B. , Reichmann Heinz , Falkenburger Bjoern , Klingelhoefer Lisa 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundDeep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN‐DBS) is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). The long‐term benefit in PD patients with STN‐DBS in comparison to medical treatment (MT) alone has not yet been demonstrated conclusively.ObjectivesTo judge the long‐term outcome of patients with STN‐DBS.MethodsTo assess the evolution of PD symptoms and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) after deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, we conducted a cross‐sectional analysis of 115 patients with STN‐DBS with rater‐based scales and self‐reported questionnaires. In addition, we screened records of all our STN‐DBS patients (2001–2019, n = 162 patients) for the onset of the morbidity milestones (falls, hallucinations, dementia, and nursing home placement) to assess disability‐free life expectancy.ResultsIn the first year of STN‐DBS, levodopa equivalent dose was reduced and motor function improved. Nonmotor symptoms and cognition remained stable. These effects were similar to previous studies. Morbidity milestones occurred 13 ± 7 years after diagnosis. Motor function, cognition, and HRQoL significantly worsened after the occurrence of any milestone, confirming the clinical relevance of these milestones. After onset of the first milestone, mean survival time was limited to 5 ± 0.8 years, which is comparable with patients with PD but without STN‐DBS.ConclusionsOn average, PD patients with STN‐DBS live with their disease for a longer time, and morbidity milestones occur later in the disease course than in PD patients with MT. As judged by morbidity milestones, morbidity remains compressed into the final 5 years of life in PD patients with STN‐DBS.
Simultaneous free flap and forehead flap for nasal reconstruction
Authors: Yen Cheng‐I , Kao Huang‐Kai , Chang Chun‐Shin , Huang Chih‐Jung , Chen Hung‐Chang , Yang Shih‐Yi , Chang Shu‐Yin , Yang Jui‐Yung , Chuang Shiow‐Shuh , Hsiao Yen‐Chang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundReconstruction of total or near‐total nasal defects is challenging and requires the re‐creation of three nasal layers. Fasciocutaneous free flaps have been used effectively for restoring the vascularized nasal lining and staged forehead flap for nasal skin replacement, which is a long process. The aim of this study is to share our experience of combination of preliminary free tissue transfer with paramedian forehead flap reconstruction in the same stage of complex nasal reconstruction.MethodsFrom December 2015 to July 2021, 10 patients underwent nasal reconstruction with free flaps including 4 medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flaps, 5 anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps and 1 radial forearm flap for lining and forehead flaps for skin coverage simultaneously for total or subtotal nasal defects. Nasal obstruction symptoms evaluation (NOSE) score was utilized to evaluate the functional outcome and the aesthetic results were evaluated with the last follow‐up photos with score 1–5 by 5 plastic surgeon and 5 laypersons.ResultsThe size of the free flaps ranged from 3 cm x 6 cm to 6 cm x 13 cm. After excluding one patient who expired before forehead flap division due to comorbidities, the average duration between combination surgery and the division of the forehead flap pedicle of the remaining patients was 5.7 months (range, 2–12). For patients without any postoperative events, the duration was 2.2 months (range, 2–3). One free flap had partial necrosis due to infection. The average follow‐up duration was 29.6 months (range, 12–64). The NOSE score was 5.9 (range, 0–10) and the aesthetic score is 4.1 (range, 3–5) in average.ConclusionsThe combination of preliminary free tissue transfer for nasal lining restoration with a paramedian forehead flap for nasal skin replacement in the same stage may shorten the long process and achieve satisfactory reconstruction in complex nasal reconstruction.
Effects of Prey Size, Microalgal Density, and Light Intensity on Survival of Pacific Red Snapper Larvae
Authors: Amador-Marrero Ulises , Cota-Taylor Roberto , Contreras-Olguín Mauricio , Flores-Montijo Laura , Martínez-Díaz Sergio , Cavallin Fernando , García Gerardo , Rodriguez Montes de Oca Gustavo , Román-Reyes José Cristobal , Dumas Silvie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Development of Pacific Red Snapper Lutjanus peru culture has been impeded by low survival in larval culture. We studied the effects of different culture conditions on larval survival in four experiments that examined (1) different-size prey at first feeding (nauplii of the copepods Parvocalanus crassirostris and Pseudodiaptomus euryhalinus; rotifers Proales similis; and a mix of these three prey types); (2) microalgal density (3 × 105 and 1 × 106 cells/mL); (3) the presence of adult copepods P. crassirostris in larval culture tanks compared to daily nauplius addition (Adult and Nauplius treatments); and (4) light intensity (50, 200, 500, and 1,000 lx). In experiment 1, a strong preference was observed for copepod P. crassirostris nauplii compared to other prey types. Survival at 15 d posthatch (DPH) was significantly higher in the P. crassirostris treatment (mean ± SD = 19.5 ± 10.2%) and the Mixed diet treatment (33.4 ± 9.4%). However, strange behavior of larvae was observed, followed by drastic mortality (at 15–18 DPH) when microalgal addition to larval tanks ceased. This behavior and mortality had not been observed in experiment 2 at any of the microalgal densities supplied until 20 DPH. In experiment 3, survival was evaluated at 2, 5, 7, and 9 DPH and dropped to 50% (5 DPH) in both treatments. At 9 DPH, survival was 14.8 ± 9.5% for the Adult treatment and 3.4 ± 0.9% for the Nauplius treatment. In experiment 4, a significant difference was observed for survival at 9 DPH; survival at 1,000 lx (26.5 ± 18.4%) was significantly higher than survival at 200 lx (4.9 ± 5%) and 50 lx (0.6 ± 0.6%) but was not different from survival at 500 lx (6.6 ± 3.1%). In conclusion, P. crassirostris nauplii are an adequate prey for first feeding of Pacific Red Snapper. Therefore, to improve larval survival, P. crassirostris adults should be added to the larval culture tanks. Moreover, microalgae should be present during all larval rearing, and a light intensity of 1,000 lx should be used.
Ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma cells with low SMARCA4 expression and high SMARCA2 expression contribute to platinum resistance
Authors: Kido Kansuke , Nojima Satoshi , Motooka Daisuke , Nomura Yusuke , Kohara Masaharu , Sato Kazuaki , Ohshima Kenji , Tahara Shinichiro , Kurashige Masako , Umeda Daisuke , Takashima Tsuyoshi , Kiyokawa Hiroki , Ukon Koto , Matsui Takahiro , Okuzaki Daisuke , Morii Eiichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlatinum resistance is a major obstacle to the treatment of ovarian cancer and is correlated with poor clinical outcomes. Intratumor heterogeneity plays a key role in chemoresistance. Recent studies have emphasized the contributions of genetic and epigenetic factors to the development of intratumor heterogeneity. Although the clinical significance of multi‐subunit chromatin remodeler, switch/sucrose nonfermenting (SWI/SNF) complexes in cancers has been reported, the impacts of SWI/SNF‐related, matrix‐associated, actin‐dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 4/subfamily A, member 2 (SMARCA4/A2) expression patterns in human cancer tissues have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that low expression of SMARCA4 and high expression of SMARCA2 are associated with platinum resistance in ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) cells. We used fluorescence multiplex immunohistochemistry (fmIHC) to study resected specimens; we examined heterogeneity in human HGSC tissues at the single‐cell level, which revealed that the proportion of cells with the SMARCA4low/SMARCA2high phenotype was positively correlated with clinical platinum‐resistant recurrence. We used stable transfection of SMARCA2 and siRNA knockdown of SMARCA4 to generate HGSC cells with the SMARCA4low/SMARCA2high phenotype; these cells had the greatest resistance to carboplatin. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that the underlying mechanism involved in substantial alterations to chromatin accessibility and resultant fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling activation, MAPK pathway activation, BCL2 overexpression, and reduced carboplatin‐induced apoptosis; these were confirmed by in vitro functional experiments. Furthermore, in vivo experiments in an animal model demonstrated that combination therapy with carboplatin and a fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor promoted cell death in HGSC xenografts. Taken together, these observations reveal a specific subpopulation of HGSC cells that is associated with clinical chemoresistance, which may lead to the establishment of a histopathological prediction system for carboplatin response. Our findings may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for platinum‐resistant HGSC cells. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Non‐invasive fetal genotyping for maternal alleles with droplet digital PCR: A comparative study of analytical approaches
Authors: Shaw Joe , Scotchman Elizabeth , Paternoster Ben , Ramos Maureen , Nesbitt Sarah , Sheppard Sophie , Snowsill Tristan , Chitty Lyn S. , Chandler Natalie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo develop a flexible droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) workflow to perform non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis via relative mutation dosage (RMD) for maternal pathogenic variants with a range of inheritance patterns, and to compare the accuracy of multiple analytical approaches.MethodsCell free DNA (cfDNA) was tested from 124 archived maternal plasma samples: 88 cases for sickle cell disease and 36 for rare Mendelian conditions. Three analytical methods were compared: sequential probability ratio testing (SPRT), Bayesian and z‐score analyses.ResultsThe SPRT, Bayesian and z‐score analyses performed similarly well with correct prediction rates of 96%, 97% and 98%, respectively. However, there were high rates of inconclusive results for each cohort, particularly for z‐score analysis which was 31% overall. Two samples were incorrectly classified by all three analytical methods; a false negative result predicted for a fetus affected with sickle cell disease and a false positive result predicting the presence of an X‐linked IDS variant in an unaffected fetus.ConclusionsddPCR can be applied to RMD for diverse conditions and inheritance patterns, but all methods carry a small risk of erroneous results. Further evaluation is required both to reduce the rate of inconclusive results and explore discordant results in more detail.
Effect of Preparation Method on the SCR Activity of Fe‐Doped CoCr Oxide Catalysts
Authors: Jin Leying , Li Haixia , Zhang Yun , Peng Dan , Sun Zhijun , Zhang Anchao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFe‐doped CoCr oxide catalysts are prepared by solid‐phase mixing method, coprecipitation method, mechanical mixing method, and citric acid method, respectively, and their catalytic activity in the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with NH3 (NH3‐SCR) is tested. The Fe0.5CoCrOx catalysts prepared by all preparation methods have good water resistance and sulfur resistance when the calcination temperature is 400 °C. Fe0.5CoCrOx prepared by coprecipitation method by calcination at 400 °C (CP‐400) is shown to have the optimum catalyst activity. In addition, the catalysts are characterized by a series of characterizations. The characterization results show that CP‐400 has the largest specific surface area, which makes the active and acidic sites highly dispersed on the surface of CP‐400, resulting in stronger redox and acidity and improved SCR activity. The removal of NO by NH3‐SCR over CP‐400 at 150 °C follows the Eley‐Rideal (ER) and Langmuir‐Hinshelwood (LH) mechanisms.
Identification of androgen response‐related lncRNAs in prostate cancer
Authors: Karthikeyan Santhosh Kumar , Xu Nuo , Ferguson 3 James E. , Rais‐Bahrami Soroush , Qin Zhaohui S. , Manne Upender , Netto George J. , S. Chandrashekar Darshan , Varambally Sooryanarayana 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules with over 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins, but are known to be widely expressed and have key roles in gene regulation and cellular functions. They are also found to be involved in the onset and development of various cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). Since PCa are commonly driven by androgen regulated signaling, mainly stimulated pathways, identification and determining the influence of lncRNAs in androgen response is useful and necessary. LncRNAs regulated by the androgen receptor (AR) can serve as potential biomarkers for PCa. In the present study, gene expression data analysis were performed to distinguish lncRNAs related to the androgen response pathway.Methods and ResultsWe used publicly available RNA‐sequencing and ChIP‐seq data to identify lncRNAs that are associated with the androgen response pathway. Using Universal Correlation Coefficient (UCC) and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) analyses, we found 15 lncRNAs that have (a) highly correlated expression with androgen response genes in PCa and are (b) differentially expressed in the setting of treatment with an androgen agonist as well as antagonist compared to controls. Using publicly available ChIP‐seq data, we investigated the role of androgen/AR axis in regulating expression of these lncRNAs. We observed AR binding in the promoter regions of 5 lncRNAs (MIR99AHG, DUBR, DRAIC, PVT1, and COLCA1), showing the direct influence of AR on their expression and highlighting their association with the androgen response pathway.ConclusionBy utilizing publicly available multiomics data and by employing in silico methods, we identified five candidate lncRNAs that are involved in the androgen response pathway. These lncRNAs should be investigated as potential biomarkers for PCa.
Eugenol promotes appetite through TRP channels mediated‐CaMKK2/AMPK signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Tengteng , Chen Xiaoling , Chen Daiwen , Yu Bing , He Jun , Yan Hui , Luo Yuheng , Zheng Ping , Chen Hong , Huang Zhiqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEugenol is a major component of clove oil. A recent study found that inhalation of eugenol promoted the appetite of mice. However, whether oral ingestion of eugenol promoted appetite is unclear and its mechanism await study. Here, mice were divided into four treatments (n = 20) and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0%, 0.005%, 0.01% and 0.02% eugenol for 4 weeks. In addition, mice (n = 7) were injected intraperitoneally with 3 mg/kg body weight eugenol. Our data showed that feeding mice with 0.01% and 0.02% eugenol promoted their appetite. In addition, the short‐term intraperitoneal injection of eugenol enhanced the feed intake in mice within 1 h. Further studies found that dietary eugenol increased orexigenic factors expression and decreased anorexigenic factors expression in mice. We then carried out N38 cell experiments to explore the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels‐dependent mechanism of eugenol in promoting appetite. We found that eugenol activated the TRP channels mediated‐CaMKK2/AMPK signaling pathway in the hypothalamus and N38 cells. Besides, the inhibition of TRPV1 and AMPK eliminated the upregulation of eugenol on the agouti‐related protein level in N38 cells. In conclusion, the study suggested that eugenol promotes appetite through TRPV1 mediated‐CaMKK2/AMPK signaling pathway.
Effect of strain on the thermoelectric properties of three‐dimensional PtS2: A first‐principles study
Authors: Liang Xiao‐Chong , Hao Yan‐Jun , Zhu Jun , Guo Hua‐Zhong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe effect of strain on the electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of three‐dimensional (3D) PtS2 was investigated through ab initio calculations. The phonon dispersion curve has no imaginary frequency under biaxial tensile and compressive strains, indicating that the studied structure is stable. All the studied structures show higher Seebeck coefficients (>400 μV/K), and the Seebeck coefficient of p‐type semiconductors is superior to that of n‐type semiconductors. Tensile strain can decrease the lattice thermal conductivity of PtS2, whereas compressive stress has the opposite effect on the lattice thermal conductivity. The smallest lattice thermal conductivity is 26.7 W/m·K under 6% strain when the temperature is 800 K. The maximum ZT values for the p‐type and n‐type semiconductors are 0.17 and 0.48, respectively. This work provides a guide to studying how strain modulates thermoelectric properties of materials; the relaxation time calculation method in this study is believed to be more accurate due to the fact that the influence of the carrier concentration is considered.
A Heterogeneous Single Atom Cobalt Catalyst for Highly Efficient Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions
Authors: Li Zhijun , Lu Xiaowen , Zhao Rufang , Ji Siqi , Zhang Mingyang , Horton J. Hugh , Wang Yang , Xu Qian , Zhu Junfa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA fundamental understanding of metal active sites in single‐atom catalysts (SACs) is important and challenging in the development of high‐performance catalyst systems. Here, a highly efficient and straightforward molten‐salt‐assisted approach is reported to create atomically dispersed cobalt atoms supported over vanadium pentoxide layered material, with each cobalt atom coordinated with four neighboring oxygen atoms. The liquid environment and the strong polarizing force of the molten salt at high temperatures potentially favor the weakening of VO bonding and the formation of CoO bonding on the vanadium oxide surface. This cobalt SAC achieves extraordinary catalytic efficiency in acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols with amines to give imines, with more than 99% selectivity under almost 100% conversion within 3 h, along with a high turnover frequency (TOF) of 5882 h−1, exceeding those of previously reported benchmarking catalysts. Moreover, it delivers excellent recyclability, reaction scalability, and substrate tolerance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirm that the optimized coordination environment and strong electronic metal‐support interaction contribute significantly to the activation of reactants. The findings provide a feasible route to construct SACs at the atomic level for use in organic transformations.
Unveiling Hidden Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks Guided by Intuition‐Based Geometrical Factors
Authors: Lee Soochan , Nam Dongsik , Yang David ChangMo , Choe Wonyoung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, synthesizable candidate topologies to form zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are efficiently identified from over 2 000 000 hypothetical structures in zeolite databases, using structural descriptors extracted from known ZIFs. A combination of intuition‐based structural descriptors, such as ring patterns, node numbers, and TOT bridging angles (T = tetrahedral metal nodes in zeolites and ZIFs), is used as data filters to eliminate topologies infeasible for ZIF formation. Carefully chosen structural descriptors facilitate the prediction of plausible ZIF topologies. To investigate potential applications as porous ZIFs, this work performs hydrogen adsorption screening and suggested notable target ZIFs. The collection of new plausible ZIFs, derived from the combined descriptors, will be a structural blueprint for synthetic chemists.