bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro-consolidation occurs during implicit motor sequence learning, but is not influenced by HIIT exercise
Authors: Coxon James , Brooks Emily , Wallis Sarah , Hendrikse Joshua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We investigated if micro-consolidation, a phenomenon recently discovered during the brief rest periods between practice when learning an explicit motor sequence, generalises to implicit motor sequence learning. We demonstrate micro-consolidation occurs in the absence of explicit sequence awareness. We also investigated the effect of a preceding bout of high-intensity exercise, as exercise is known to augment the consolidation of new motor skills. Micro-consolidation was not modified by exercise.
Structural, optical and Electrochromic properties of rare earth material (CeO 2 )/ Transitional metal oxide (WO 3 ) thin film composite structure for Electrochromic applications
Authors: V Ashok Reddy G , Kumar K Naveen , Sattar Sheik Abdul , Prakash Nunna Guru , B Daruka Prasad , Dhananjaya Merum , Kumar G Ranjith , Yogananda H S , Hunagund Shirajahammad M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The present work developed a simple hydrothermal process for the growing of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanorods (NRs) on identical fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates, which does not require the use of a template. The sputter deposition was used to cover optimized tungsten oxide (WO3) films on the cerium oxide nanorod. The electrochromic device (ECD) was developed by depositing WO3 thin films at oxygen partial pressures (ppO2) of 8×10-4 mbar. The structural, morphological, optical, and Electrochromic (EC) properties of WO3 films on cerium oxide nanorods were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), optical transmittance studies, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, respectively. The diameters of the grown cerium oxide NRs are 917 ±85 nm, 721 ±115 nm, 596 ±56 nm, and 611 ±76 nm, and lengths are 0.911 ±0.16 µm, 1.121 ±0.121 µm, 1.157 ±1.101 µm, and 1.321 ±1.253 µm, respectively, Cerium nitrate hexahydrate concentration was raised from 0.06 M to 0.09 M while keeping the urea content constant at 0.5 M. The optical transmittance was varied with respect to the concentration of CeO2. Additionally, with a diffusion coefficient of 8.07 ×10-14 cm2/s, the hybrid WO3/ CeO2 NRs films have shown good electrochemical properties than pure WO3. According to electrochromic studies, 0.06 M film had a colouration efficiency of 13.88 cm2/C. We hope that a better knowledge of the influence of CeO2 NRs on WO3 electrochemical performance will able to select the proper doping components and concentrations for power-saving optoelectronic devices.
The effect of different ferrule heights and crown-to-root ratios on fracture resistance of endodontically-treated mandibular premolars restored with different post-and-core systems: an in vitro study
Authors: Meng Qingfei , Chen Yuxin , Ni Ke , Li Yingmei , Li Xinran , Meng Jian , Chen Lijuan , Mei May Lei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the effects of different ferrule heights and crown-to-root ratios on the fracture resistance of endodontically-treated premolars restored with two post-and-core systems.
Methods
Eighty extracted human mandibular first premolars with single root canal were treated endodontically and cut from 2.0 mm above the buccal cemento-enamel junction, to create horizontal residual roots. The roots were randomly divided into two groups. The roots in group FP were restored with a fiber post-and-core system, while the roots in group MP were restored with a cast metal post-and-core system. Each group was divided into five subgroups with different ferrule heights (0: no ferrule; 1: 1.0mm ferrule; 2: 2.0mm ferrule; 3: 3.0mm ferrule; 4: 4.0mm ferrule). All specimens were subsequently restored with metal crowns and embedded in acrylic resin blocks. The crown-to-root ratios of the specimens were controlled at approximately 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.1, and 1.3 of the five subgroups, respectively. Fracture strengths and fracture modes of the specimens were tested and recorded by a universal mechanical machine.
Results
Mean fracture strengths (mean ± standard deviation (kN)) of FP/0 to FP/4 and MP/0 to MP/4 were: 0.54 ± 0.09, 1.03 ± 0.11, 1.06 ± 0.17, 0.85 ± 0.11; 0.57 ± 0.10, 0.55 ± 0.09, 0.88 ± 0.13, 1.08 ± 0.17, 1.05 ± 0.18 and 0.49 ± 0.09, respectively. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant effects of different ferrule heights and crown-to-root ratios on the fracture resistance (P < 0.001), but no difference in fracture resistance between two post-and-core systems (P = 0.973). The highest fracture strengths of the specimen were found with the ferrule length of 1.92 mm in group FP and 2.07 mm in group MP, the crown-to-root ratio of which in 0.90 and 0.92 respectively., there is a significant difference in fracture modes among the groups(P < 0.05).
Conclusions
When a certain height of ferrule is prepared and a cast metal or fiber post-and-core system is restored for the residual root, the clinical crown-to-root ratio of the tooth after restoration should be kept within 0.90 to 0.92, so as to improve the fracture resistance of endodontically-treated mandibular first premolars.
p.S45G mutation at a conserved phosphorylation site of αA-crystallin in juvenile cortical cataract
Authors: Patel Rashmi , Chandra Abhishek , Zenith Ravish Kumar , Ali Akhtar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To identify the potential genetic cause in a patient diagnosed with juvenile cortical cataract.
Observations:
A young patient diagnosed with cortical cataract by ophthalmologic examination was recruited for the current study. DNA isolation was done followed by resequencing of all exons and exon-intron boundaries of 3 genes CRYAA, CRYABandCRYBB1, using intron specific primers. A mutation in CRYAA gene in heterozygous conditiong.44589342A > G (p.S45G), was identified in the patient. This mutation was predicted to be disease causing by Mutation Taster and other prediction tools. In-silico study revealed that this position (S45) was evolutionary conserved and mutation altered phosphorylation pattern of αA-crystallin as serine is the site of phosphorylation. Furthermore, this variant was absent in 130 unrelated healthy controls from this population suggesting it to be a disease-causing mutation.
Conclusion and importance:
The αA-crystallin mutation (p.S45G) causes juvenile cortical cataract in the patient due to discrepancy in phosphorylation pattern. This mutation is first time reported in juvenile cataract and happened to be the second mutation identified in CRYAA gene responsible for juvenile cataract.
Hip-knee-ankle physiotherapy for the improvement of the biomechanical environment of the lower limb in knee disorders: a systematic review
Authors: liu yang , wu lianqing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To analyse the research conducted in recent years on conservative treatment modalities for different diseases of the knee joint, to provide a correct orientation for hip-knee-ankle lower limb force line correction methods, and to provide a theoretical basis for the creation of a good mechanical environment for the knee joint, a reasonable joint space, and a neutral movement trajectory that allows for sustainable and safe treatment.
Methods
Information was retrieved from the electronic databases PubMed and cnki to select studies using physiotherapy as an intervention for knee related disorders between 2018–2022. Ultimately, 19 randomised controlled trial studies were included, involving a total of 1073 clinical studies.
Results
In the ankle area, the strength line of the lower limb can be improved by wearing custom-made insoles, gait correction training and functional and strength training of the ankle. In the knee joint, the strength and stretching of the quadriceps muscles can be strengthened and the line of force of the lower limb stabilised through different training modalities (centripetal and centrifugal training, electrical nerve stimulation, blood flow restriction training). At the hip joint the control of the lower limb can be increased by increasing the strength of the hip joint in external rotation and abduction and by improving the pain at the joint using acupuncture therapy and physiotherapy with tui na.
Conclusions
By physically adjusting the hip-knee-ankle joint, it is possible to treat knee-related disorders by progressively correcting the aberrant lower limb force lines and improving the knee-related disorders' symptoms.
Cyclin B1 is a novel prognostic biomarker and promotes proliferation, migration and invasion in Wilms Tumour
Authors: Xiang Bin , Tian Xiao-Mao , Chen Mei-Lin , Gao Zhi-Qiang , Mi Tao , Shi Qin-Lin , Dong Jun-Jun , Liu Feng , Wei Guang-Hui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Wilms tumour (WT) is a mixed type of embryonal tumour that usually occurs in early childhood. However, our knowledge of the pathogenesis or progression mechanism of WT is inadequate, and there is a scarcity of beneficial therapeutic strategies.
Methods
High-throughput RNA sequencing was employed in this study to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in clinical tumor samples and matching normal tissues. The STRING database was utilized to build a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the Cytohubba method was used to identify the top 10 highly related HUB genes. Then, the key genes were further screened by univariate COX survival analysis. Subsequently, the xCELL algorithm was used to evaluate the tumour immune infiltration. RT-PCR, WB, and IF were used to verify the expression level of key genes in clinical tissues and tumour cell lines. Finally, the function of the key gene was further verified by loss-of-function experiments.
Results
We initially screened 1612 DEGs, of which 1030 were up-regulated and 582 were down-regulated. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested these genes were associated with ‘cell cycle’, ‘DNA replication’. Subsequently, we identified 10 key HUB genes, among them CCNB1 was strongly related to WT patients' overall survival. Multiple survival analyses showed that CCNB1 was an independent indicator of WT prognosis. Thus, we constructed a nomogram of CCNB1 combined with other clinical indicators. Single gene GSEA and immune infiltration analysis revealed that CCNB1 was associated with the degree of infiltration or activation status of multiple immune cells. TIDE analysis indicated that this gene was correlated with multiple key immune checkpoint molecules and TIDE scores. Finally, we validated the differential expression level of CCNB1 in an external geneset, the pan-cancer, clinical samples, and cell lines. CCNB1 silencing significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasive capabilities of WIT-49 cells, also, promoted apoptosis, and in turn induced G2 phase cell cycle arrest in loss-of-function assays.
Conclusion
Our study suggests that CCNB1 is closely related to WT progression and prognosis, and serves as a potential target.
Biodistribution of Lentiviral Transduced Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for “Ex-vivo” Regional Gene Therapy for Bone Repair
Authors: Bell Jennifer , Collon Kevin , Mayfield Cory , Gallo Matthew , Chang Stephanie , Sugiyama Osamu , Tang Amy , Hollis Roger , Chopra Shefali , Kohn Donald , Lieberman Jay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ex-vivo gene therapy has been shown to be an effective method for treating bone defects in preclinical models. As gene therapy is explored as a potential treatment option in humans, an assessment of the safety profile becomes an important next step. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biodistribution of viral particles at the defect site and various internal organs in a rat femoral defect model after implantation of human ASCs transduced with lentivirus (LV) with two-step transcriptional activation (TSTA) of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (LV-TSTA-BMP-2). Animals were sacrificed at 4-, 14-, 56-, and 84-days post implantation. Treatment groups included 1) standard dose LV-TSTA-BMP-2 2) high dose LV-TSTA-BMP-2, 3) standard dose LV-TSTA-GFP 4) high dose LV-TSTA-GFP and 5) standard dose nontransduced cells. The viral load was assessed at each timepoint in the defect in ten organs and the defect site. Histology of all organs, ipsilateral tibia, and femur were evaluated at each timepoint. There were nearly undetectable levels of LV-TSTA-BMP-2 transduced cells at the defect site at 84 days and no pathologic changes in any organ at all timepoints. Humana ASCs transduced with LV-TSTA may be a safe and effective treatment option when adopted for us in patients.
Tuberculosis in Pregnancy after in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer
Authors: Zou Ju , Li Jie , Chen Chen , Chen Ruochan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) remains an important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, accounting for approximately one-third of annual deaths. Moreover, untimely TB treatment during pregnancy increases the risk of perinatal complications and poor fetal prognosis. Recently, there has been widespread use of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). However, its clinical characteristics and possible mechanisms of TB infection in pregnant women who conceive by IVF-ET remain unclear. Therefore, we report three cases of young pregnant women diagnosed with TB after IVF-ET and describe their diagnosis and treatment.
Case presentation: Three young women (age: 26–31 years) diagnosed with primary infertility underwent IVF-ET treatment. They lacked a history of TB or manifestations of activated TB before transplantation. After presenting with fever, cough, and headache at 5–12 weeks of pregnancy, they were diagnosed with miliary TB, disseminated TB, and tuberculous meningitis, respectively. Initially, the patients were on a daily fixed-dose combination of first-line anti-TB treatment (ATT), which comprised rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, followed by medication adjustment during treatment for 6–12 months. Although all fetuses were lost, the patients achieved optimal outcomes after timely ATT.
Conclusions: This report demonstrates the increased risk of TB in pregnant women who conceive by IVF-ET. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor these women even if they lack a history of or exposure to TB. Accordingly, prompt diagnosis and treatment of TB in these patients is necessary to optimize patient outcomes.
Monitoring of measurable residual disease and chimerism in patients with JAK2 V617F-positive myelofibrosis after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Lee Jong-Mi , Ahn Ari , Min Eun Jeong , Lee Sung-Eun , Kim Myungshin , Kim Yonggoo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A significant portion of patients with myelofibrosis suffer from relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Recognition of early relapse is key to guiding immunotherapeutic intervention, albeit particularly challenging due to complex disease dynamics. In practice, measurable residual disease (MRD) and chimerism are routinely assessed, but their clinical utilities are undefined. Here, we performed intensive molecular testing to measure JAK2-V617F burden (JAK2-MRD) and donor chimerism. Serially collected samples were obtained from 34 consecutive patients at +30, +100, +180 and +360 days after reduced-intensity allo-HCT. Approximately half of the patients harbored persistent JAK2-MRD during 1 year of monitoring. Overt relapse occurred in six patients at median 7.5 months after allo-HCT. Increased JAK2-MRD ratio (≥3-fold than day +30) at day +100 was the most sensitive and earliest indicator for overt relapse. Mixed chimerism (MC; donor chimerism ≤95%) was observed in 10 patients. Intermediate MC (77%–95%) frequently converted to full chimerism after early tapering of immunosuppressive therapy, but high-level MC (≤77%) at day +180 was only seen in relapsed patients. Cytogenetic changes presented in five patients and were mostly found at the time of relapse. Ultimately, comprehensive and longitudinal assessment of molecular monitoring is beneficial to manage myelofibrosis in allo-HSCT settings.
Identification of Key Autophagy-related Genes and Potential Mechanisms in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Zhu Ke , Liu Chen , Guo Xiaofang , Wei Maoyun , Zhang Xuting , Xie Songmiao , Qi Qing , Yang Bin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by fibroblast activation and vascular and immune cell dysfunction. Autophagy-related genes are speculated to be involved in the development of SSc. However, the involvement of autophagy-related genes in SSc remains unexplored. This study aimed to explore the explicit mechanism of autophagy in SSc using bioinformatics analysis.
Methods: GSE76885 and GSE95065 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and human autophagy genes were acquired from GeneCards. Following this, 12 autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (autophagy-related DEGs) were obtained using the Venn package of R software. The Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichments and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were performed to annotate the biological function of autophagy-related DEGs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to explore the diagnostic value of Autophagy-related DEGs in SSc. Finally, regulatory network analysis and single-sample Gene-set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) were performed.
Results: A total of 12 autophagy-related DEGs were identified related to the pathogenesis of SSc. Enrichment analysis identified that metabolism-related pathways were remarkably enriched along with classical PI3K/AKT signaling. ROC curve analysis showed that CD93 (AUC = 0.904, P < 0.001) and SFRP4 (AUC = 0.944, P < 0.001) could serve as reliable biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of SSc. Regulatory networks analysis identified 126 transcription factors, 93 miRNA molecules and 106 drugs or molecular compounds related to Autophagy-related DEGs. Finally, ssGSEA demonstrated that Autophagy-related DEGs were mainly associated with CCR, macrophages, Treg cells and Type I IFN Response.
Conclusion: We identified CD93 and SFRP4 as valuable diagnosis biomarkers for SSc. Moreover, autophagy-related DEGs could affect the development of SSc through autophagy-related pathways, metabolic processes and immune cell infiltration.
Burden, pattern, associated factors and impact on quality of life of dermatological disorders among the elderly in Ilala Municipality, Dar es Salaam
Authors: Muki¹ Uwesu , Shayo¹ Grace , Minja Eliaichi , Bakari¹ Muhammad , Kazema Ashura 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground The global population of people aged 60years or older (elderly) is increasing. Skin disorders are reported to be common in this population. In view of limited data available, this study determined the burden, pattern and impact on quality of life (QoL) of thedisorders among the elderly in Tanzania. Methods This was a community-basedcross-sectional study conducted from August to November 2021in Ilala Municipality, Dar es Salaam. Participants were obtained throughsimple random sampling in multiple stages.Diagnoses were made through clinical assessment initially performed by the Principal Investigator and a dedicated Dermato-venereology Officer, and then confirmed by a Dermatologist using digital photographs. Quality of Life was assessed using a validated Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) with scores ranging from 1 to 30. The wealth index was graded from class 1 (poor) to class 5 (rich).Data were analyzed through Chi-squared test, Poisson Logistic regression, and analysis of variance. Results A total of 694 elderlies were enrolled. The overall prevalence of dermatological disorders was 593 (85.45%). The commonest disorders were skin infections and infestations (36.1%); eczemas (34.7%);papulosquamouseruptions(6.5%), and keratinization disorders (2.6%). Autoimmune disorders comprised 1.4%, while vascular disorders and tumors were less prominent, comprising of 1.2% of all cases. A small proportion (1.7%) of the elderlies had ≥ 2 skin disorders. In multivariate analysis the wealth index was found to be associated with the presence of thedisorders. There was 61% impairment in QoL due to the dermatological disorders. Conclusion Dermatological disorders among the elderly were common and were associated with the wealth index. They had a significant impact on quality of life. Appropriate control measures to address dermatological disorders among the elderly areneeded.
Preparation of high-quality silicon with silicon cutting waste by a carbothermal reduction method
Authors: Wei Donghui , Kong Jian , Zhang Zhaoyang , Zhuang Yanxin , Xing Pengfei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Silicon cutting waste (SCW) is mainly consisted of Si (80 ~ 85 wt%), SiO2 (13 ~ 16 wt%) and other impurities (2 ~ 4 wt%). Nowadays, the Si is commercially recycled to produce Si ingots by a slag refining method, but the SiO2 is melted into silicon slag and discarded as waste. In this paper, a carbothermal reduction method has been proposed for recycling Si resources from Si and SiO2 in SCW to prepare high-quality silicon in submerged arc furnace. Petroleum coke was selected as the carbonaceous reducing agent. Firstly, the effects of carbon content on the equilibrium compositions of Si-SiO2-C system were simulated. Secondly, SCW was mixed with petroleum coke under the guidance of thermodynamic analysis results. Finally, the mixtures were charged into and smelted in the furnace. Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis results showed that the value of n(SiO2):n(C):n(SiO2) should be controlled as 2.62:0.22:0.44 theoretically. Experimental results revealed that the recovery ratio of SCW was 50% and the purity of Si products was 99.40%. This proposed method provides an effective and industrialized applicable approach for recycling SCW.
Foreign-born Status on the risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Subsequent Complications: The Effect of Acculturation
Authors: Noah Akaninyene , Perez-Patron Maria , Gongalla Megha , Hill Ashley , Taylor Brandie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To explore the effect of acculturation among foreign-born women on the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM) and subsequent GDM-associated adverse birth outcomes, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 35,180 women. A modified poisson regression model was used to determine the association between acculturative level and, both GDM and subsequent adverse birth outcomes. Foreign-born women were divided into three groups by time in US: 0 – 5, 6 – 10, and 11+ years, while US-born women were used as the reference group. Compared to US-born women, foreign-born women with 0 – 5 years in US had a higher risk of GDM (RR 1.30, 95%CI 1.17-1.46). Risks were further elevated at 6 – 10 (RR 1.92, 95%CI 1.72 – 2.16) and 11 + years (RR 1.89, 95%CI 1.72-2.07). This trend remained constant after stratifying by race/ethnicity. Following a GDM diagnosis, foreign-born women with 0 – 5 (RR 0.70, 95%CI 0.52-0.94) and 6 - 10 years in US (RR 0.72, 95%CI 0.53-0.96) had lower risk of gestational hypertension, while the 11+ group showed no association. This pattern was observed for superimposed preeclampsia and medically-indicated preterm-birth. In conclusion, acculturation appeared to increase GDM risk, and foreign-born women at lower acculturative levels were less likely to develop adverse birth outcomes.