bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Trial to Test a Chemo-Mechanical Antiplaque Regimen as Adjunct to Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Li L. , Hayashi-Okada Y. , Falkner K.L. , Cervi S. , Andrusz S. , Shimizu Y. , Zambon J.J. , Kirkwood K.L. , Schifferle R.E. , Diaz P.I. 
Published: May 2023

Background: The control of dental biofilm regrowth after nonsurgical periodontal therapy is associated with better clinical outcomes. However, many patients have difficulty achieving optimal plaque control. Subjects with diabetes, in which immune and wound-healing responses are typically impaired, may benefit from intensive antiplaque control regimens after scaling and root planing (SRP). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an intensive, at-home, chemical, and mechanical antiplaque regimen as an adjunct to SRP for the treatment of moderate to severe periodontitis. A secondary objective was to compare responses in subjects with type 2 diabetes and nondiabetics. Methods: This was a 6-mo, single-center, parallel-group, randomized trial. The test group received SRP and oral hygiene instructions, and subjects were instructed to use a 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinse twice a day for 3 mo and utilize rubber interproximal bristle cleaners twice a day for 6 mo. The control group received SRP and oral hygiene instructions. The main outcome was change in mean probing depth (PD) from baseline to 6 mo. Secondary outcomes included change in sites with deep PDs, mean clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, plaque index, hemoglobin A1C, fasting blood glucose, C-reactive protein, and taste assessment. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04830969. Results: In total, 114 subjects were randomized to either treatment. Eighty-six subjects completed the trial with no missing visits. Neither an intention-to-treat nor a per-protocol analysis showed statistically significant differences between treatment groups in mean PD at 6 mo. In a subgroup analysis, subjects with diabetes in the test group showed a statistically significant greater reduction in mean PD at 6 mo when compared to subjects with diabetes receiving the control treatment (Δ = 0.15, P = 0.04), while there were no differences within nondiabetics (Δ = 0.02, P = 0.75). Conclusion: Outcomes in subjects with diabetes may be improved by chemo-mechanical antiplaque measures after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This study suggests diabetic subjects may benefit from an intensive, at-home, chemical, and mechanical antiplaque regimen to improve nonsurgical periodontal therapy outcomes.
A review of passenger-oriented railway rescheduling approaches
Authors: Sharma Bishal , Pellegrini Paola , Rodriguez Joaquin , Chaudhary Neeraj 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRailway operations are highly susceptible to delays and disruptions caused by various factors, such as technical issues, operational inefficiencies, and unforeseen events. To counter these delays and ensure efficient railway operations during real-time management, several rescheduling approaches can be implemented. Among these approaches, passenger-oriented rescheduling considers train rescheduling while taking passenger data into account, as opposed to operation-oriented rescheduling. This paper provides an overview of the former group of approaches. Particular focus is put on different ways passenger data is exploited to optimize rescheduling and on the measures, the approaches can decide on. The rescheduling measures typically considered vary from decisions on maintaining transfers, canceling trains, adding emergency trains, changing routes and orders of trains, skipping or adding stops at stations, short-turning trains, applying speed control, and modifying rolling stock compositions. In this regard, the paper presents a comprehensive analysis of real-time rescheduling approaches adopted in both the conventional railway and urban rail transit and points out possible directions for further research in the field.
Comparative analysis of dioecious Amaranthus plastomes and phylogenomic implications within Amaranthaceae s.s.
Authors: Raiyemo Damilola A. , Tranel Patrick J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe genusAmaranthusL. consists of 70–80 species distributed across temperate and tropical regions of the world. Nine species are dioecious and native to North America; two of which are agronomically important weeds of row crops. The genus has been described as taxonomically challenging and relationships among species including the dioecious ones are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships among the dioecious amaranths and sought to gain insights into plastid tree incongruence. A total of 19Amaranthusspecies’ complete plastomes were analyzed. Among these, seven dioeciousAmaranthusplastomes were newly sequenced and assembled, an additional two were assembled from previously published short reads sequences and 10 other plastomes were obtained from a public repository (GenBank).ResultsComparative analysis of the dioeciousAmaranthusspecies’ plastomes revealed sizes ranged from 150,011 to 150,735 bp and consisted of 112 unique genes (78 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNAs and 4 ribosomal RNAs). Maximum likelihood trees, Bayesian inference trees and splits graphs support the monophyly of subgeneraAcnida(7 dioecious species) andAmaranthus; however, the relationship ofA. australisandA. cannabinusto the other dioecious species inAcnidacould not be established, as it appears a chloroplast capture occurred from the lineage leading to theAcnida + Amaranthusclades. Our results also revealed intraplastome conflict at some tree branches that were in some cases alleviated with the use of whole chloroplast genome alignment, indicating non-coding regions contribute valuable phylogenetic signals toward shallow relationship resolution. Furthermore, we report a very low evolutionary distance betweenA. palmeriandA. watsonii, indicating that these two species are more genetically related than previously reported.ConclusionsOur study provides valuable plastome resources as well as a framework for further evolutionary analyses of the entireAmaranthusgenus as more species are sequenced.
Genome-wide identification and expression profile analysis of metal tolerance protein gene family in Eucalyptus grandis under metal stresses
Authors: Shirazi Zahra , Khakdan Fatemeh , Rafiei Fariba , Balalami Mahdi Yahyazadeh , Ranjbar Mojtaba 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal tolerance proteins (MTPs) as Me2+/H+(K+) antiporters participate in the transport of divalent cations, leading to heavy metal stress resistance and mineral utilization in plants. In the present study, to obtain better knowledge of the biological functions of the MTPs family, 20 potential EgMTPs genes were identified in Eucalyptus grandis and classified into seven groups belonging to three cation diffusion facilitator groups (Mn-CDFs, Zn/Fe-CDFs, and Zn-CDFs) and seven groups. EgMTP-encoded amino acids ranged from 315 to 884, and most of them contained 4–6 recognized transmembrane domains and were clearly prognosticated to localize into the cell vacuole. Almost all EgMTP genes experienced gene duplication events, in which some might be uniformly distributed in the genome. The numbers of cation efflux and the zinc transporter dimerization domain were highest in EgMTP proteins. The promoter regions of EgMTP genes have different cis-regulatory elements, indicating that the transcription rate of EgMTP genes can be a controlled response to different stimuli in multiple pathways. Our findings provide accurate perception on the role of the predicted miRNAs and the presence of SSR marker in the Eucalyptus genome and clarify their functions in metal tolerance regulation and marker-assisted selection, respectively. Gene expression profiling based on previous RNA-seq data indicates a probable function for EgMTP genes during development and responses to biotic stress. Additionally, the upregulation of EgMTP6, EgMTP5, and EgMTP11.1 to excess Cd2+ and Cu2+ exposure might be responsible for metal translocation from roots to leaves.
Deficiency of neuropeptide Y attenuates neointima formation after vascular injury in mice
Authors: Peng Song , Wu Wei-qiang , Li Lin-yu , Shi Yan-chuan , Lin Shu , Song Zhi-yuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) limits therapeutic revascularization. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), co-stored and co-released with the sympathetic nervous system, is involved in this process, but its exact role and underlying mechanisms remain to be fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of NPY in neointima formation after vascular injury.

Methods
Using the left carotid arteries of wild-type (WT, NPY-intact) and NPY-deficient (NPY−/−) mice, ferric chloride-mediated carotid artery injury induced neointima formation. Three weeks after injury, the left injured carotid artery and contralateral uninjured carotid artery were collected for histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of several key inflammatory markers and cell adhesion molecules in vascular samples. Raw264.7 cells were treated with NPY, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and lipopolysaccharide-free, respectively, and RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of these inflammatory mediators.

Results
Compared with WT mice, NPY−/− mice had significantly reduced neointimal formation three weeks after injury. Mechanistically, immunohistochemical analysis showed there were fewer macrophages and more vascular smooth muscle cells in the neointima of NPY−/− mice. Moreover, the mRNA expression of key inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was significantly lower in the injured carotid arteries of NPY−/− mice, compared to that in the injured carotid arteries of WT mice. In RAW264.7 macrophages, NPY significantly promoted TGF-β1 mRNA expression under unactivated but not LPS-stimulated condition.

Conclusions
Deletion of NPY attenuated neointima formation after artery injury, at least partly, through reducing the local inflammatory response, suggesting that NPY pathway may provide new insights into the mechanism of restenosis.
Patient-centredness in primary care walk-in clinics for refugees in Hamburg
Authors: Hill Josephine Nana , Krüger Katarina , Boczor Sigrid , Kloppe Thomas , von dem Knesebeck Olaf , Scherer Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe huge increase of refugees to Germany caused a great challenge to the health system. We aimed to examine the level of patient-centredness in medical consultations with refugee patients, aided by video interpreters in primary care walk-in clinics (PCWC) in Hamburg.MethodsVideotaped consultations (N = 92) of 83 patients from 2017 to 2018 were analysed. Two raters used the Measure of Patient-Centered Communication (MPCC) and the International Classification of primary care (ICPC-2). MPCC scores with regard to patients’ reason for seeking medical care and the procedures taken were explored using variance analyses adjusted for age, gender, and the duration of the consultation. The duration was further explored by Pearson correlations.ResultsPatient-centredness of all consultations on average was 64% (95% CI 60–67) according to MPCC, with health-related issues affecting the results. The highest level of patient-centredness was achieved in psychological health issues with 79% (65–94), the lowest in respiratory ones with 55% (49–61). Longer consultations resulted in higher MPCC scores.ConclusionsThe level of patient-centredness varied in the addressed health issues as well as in the duration of the consultation. Despite the variation, video interpreting in consultations supports a solid patient-centredness.Practice implicationsWe recommend the use of remote video interpreting services for outpatient healthcare to support patient-centred communication and to fill the gap of underrepresentation of qualified interpreters on site, regarding a high diversity of spoken languages.
A novel gene, TARDBP, and the protein it encodes can predict glioma patient prognosis and establish a prediction model
Authors: Fang Xu , Wu Fan , Jiang Chen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
TDP-43 (43-kD transactive response DNA-binding protein) is a DNA-/RNA-binding protein that plays an important role in several nervous system diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Whether it plays an important role in glioma patients is unknown.

Methods
Datasets were downloaded from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) website (http://www.cgga.org.cn/). Cox survival analysis was performed to determine the relationship between TARDBP gene expression and the overall survival of glioma patients. GO analyses were performed to determine the biological functions of the TARDBP gene. Finally, we used PRS type, age, grade, IDH mutation status, 1p/19q codeletion status, and expression value of the TARDBP gene to construct a prediction model. With this model, we can predict patients’ 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates.

Results
The TARDBP gene plays an important role in glioma patients. The expression of the TARDBP gene has a significant correlation with glioma patient survival. We also constructed an ideal prediction model.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the TARDBP gene and the protein it encodes play important roles in glioma patients. The expression of the TARDBP gene has a significant correlation with the overall survival of glioma patients.
Nomogram for predicting the risk of preterm birth in women undergoing in vitro fertilization cycles
Authors: Wang Mohan , Hao Mengzhe , Liu Ning , Yang Xiao , Lu Yubin , Liu Ruizhi , Zhang Hongguo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram for predicting the risk of preterm birth in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles.

Methods
A retrospective study of 4266 live birth cycles collected from January 2016 to October 2021 at the Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University was performed. The sample size was sufficient based on the minimal ten events per variable (EPV) rule. The primary outcome of this study was preterm birth. The cycles were divided into the preterm birth group (n = 827) and the full-term delivery group (n = 3439). A nomogram was established based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis results. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the prediction accuracy of the nomogram model. The calibration curve was used to measure the calibration of the nomogram.

Results
Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that female obesity or overweight (OR = 1.366, 95% CI: 1.111–1.679; OR = 1.537, 95% CI: 1.030–2.292), antral follicle count (AFC) of more than 24 (OR = 1.378, 95% CI: 1.035–1.836), multiple pregnancies (OR = 6.748, 95% CI: 5.559–8.190), gestational hypertension (OR = 9.662, 95% CI: 6.632–14.078) and gestational diabetes (OR = 4.650, 95% CI: 2.289–9.445) were the independent risk factors for preterm birth in IVF patients. The area under curve (AUC) under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve in the prediction model was 0.781(95%CI: 0.763–0.799). The calibration curve of the nomogram showed that the prediction model had a good calibration.

Conclusions
We used five risk factors to conduct a nomogram to predict preterm birth rates for patients undergoing IVF cycles. This nomogram can provide a visual assessment of the risk of preterm birth for clinical consultation.
Effective screening methods to prevent surgical site infections in orthopedic surgery: an observational study
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuki , Ishikawa Tetsuhiro , Katsuragi Joe , Ota Mitsutoshi , Omae Takanori , Sasaki Yasuhito , Tsurumi Yousuke , Nomoto Takashi , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The bacterial source of surgical-site infections (SSIs) can have either endogenous and/or exogenous origins, and some studies have revealed that endogenous transmission is an important pathway for SSIs in orthopedic surgery. However, since the frequency of SSIs is low (0.5–4.7%), screening all surgery patients is labor-intensive and cost-prohibitive. The goal of this study was to better understand how to improve the efficacy of nasal culture screening in preventing SSIs.

Methods
Nasal cultures for 1616 operative patients over a 3-year period were evaluated for the presence of nasal bacterial microbiota and the species identity. We also investigated the medical factors that influence colonization and evaluated the ratio of agreement between nasal cultures and SSI-causing bacteria.

Results
In a survey of 1616 surgical cases, 1395 (86%) were normal microbiota (NM), 190 (12%) were MSSA carriers, and 31 (2%) were MRSA carriers. The risk factors for MRSA carriers were significantly higher than the NM group in patients with a history of hospitalization (13 [41.9%], p = 0.015), patients who had been admitted to a nursing facility (4 [12.9%], p = 0.005), and patients who were > 75 years of age (19 [61.3%], p = 0.021). The incidence of SSIs was significantly higher in the MSSA group (17/190 [8.4%]) than the NM group (10/1395 [0.7%], p = 0.00). The incidence of SSIs in the MRSA group (1/31 [3.2%]) tended to be higher than that in the NM group, but there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.114). The concordance rate between causative bacteria of SSI and species present in nasal cultures was 53% (13/25 cases).

Conclusions
The results of our study suggest screening patients with a history of past hospitalization, a history of admission in a long-term care facility, and older than 75 to reduce SSIs.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the institutional review board of the authors’ affiliated institutions (the ethics committee of Sanmu Medical Center, 2016-02).
Experiences and perspectives of healthcare professionals implementing advance care planning for people suffering from life-limiting illness: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies
Authors: Zhu Nanxi , Yang Liu , Wang Xianlin , Tuo Jinmei , Chen Liuliu , Deng Renli , Kwan Rick Yiu Cho 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Life-limited patients may lose decision-making abilities during disease progression. Advance care planning can be used as a discussion method for healthcare professionals to understand patients’ future care preferences. However, due to many difficulties, the participation rate of healthcare professionals in advance care planning is not high.

Aim
To explore the facilitators of and barriers to healthcare professionals’ provision of advance care planning to life-limited patients to better implement it for this population.

Methods
We followed ENTREQ and PRISMA to guide this study. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, CNKI, and SinoMed to include qualitative data on the experiences and perspectives of healthcare professionals in different professional fields in providing advance care planning for life-limited patients. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research was used to assess the quality of the included studies.

Results
A total of 11 studies were included. Two themes were identified: unsupported conditions and facilitative actions. Healthcare professionals regarded cultural concepts, limited time, and fragmented record services as obstacles to implementation. They had low confidence and were overly concerned about negative effects. They needed to possess multiple abilities, learn to flexibly initiate topics, and facilitate effective communication based on multidisciplinary collaboration.

Conclusion
Healthcare professionals need an accepting cultural environment to implement advance care planning, a sound legal system, financial support, and a coordinated and shared system to support them. Healthcare systems need to develop educational training programs to increase the knowledge and skills of healthcare professionals and to promote multidisciplinary collaboration to facilitate effective communication. Future research should compare the differences in the needs of healthcare professionals in different cultures when implementing advance care planning to develop systematic implementation guidelines in different cultures.
Clinical and metabolic characteristics of endometrial lesions in polycystic ovary syndrome at reproductive age
Authors: Zhong⋅ Xiaozhu , Li⋅ Yang , Liang Weiying , Hu Qiyue , Zeng Anqi , Ding Miao , Chen Dongmei , Xie Meiqing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to explore the clinical and metabolic characteristics in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with different endometrial lesions.

Methods
234 PCOS patients who underwent hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy were categorized into four groups: (1) normal endometrium (control group, n = 98), (2) endometrial polyp (EP group, n = 92), (3) endometrial hyperplasia (EH group, n = 33), (4) endometrial cancer (EC group, n = 11). Serum sex hormone levels, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, insulin release test, fasting plasma lipid, complete blood count and coagulation parameters were measured and analyzed.

Results
Body mass index and triglyceride level of the EH group were higher while average menstrual cycle length was longer in comparison with the control and EP group. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and high density lipoprotein were lower in the EH group than that in the control group. 36% of the patients in the EH group suggested obesity, higher than the other three groups. Using multivariant regression analysis, patients with free androgen index > 5 had higher risk of EH (OR 5.70; 95% CI 1.05–31.01), while metformin appeared to be a protective factor for EH (OR 0.12; 95% CI 0.02–0.80). Metformin and hormones (oral contraceptives or progestogen) were shown to be protective factors for EP (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02–0.42; OR 0.10; 95% CI 0.02–0.56). Hormones therapy appeared to be a protective factor for EC (OR 0.05; 95% CI 0.01–0.39).

Conclusion
Obesity, prolonged menstrual cycle, decreased SHBG, and dyslipidemia are risk factors for EH in patients with PCOS. Oral contraceptives, progestogen and metformin are recommended for prevention and treatment of endometrial lesions in PCOS patients.