bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A biopsychosocial approach assessing pain indicators among Black men
Authors: Baker Tamara A. , Morales Knashawn H. , Brooks Amber K. , Clark Jaylyn F. , Wakita Anna , Whitt-Glover Melicia C. , Yu Yelia Z. , Murray Marcus , Hooker Steven P. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe lack of empirical evidence documenting the pain experience of Black men may be the result of social messaging that men are to project strength and avoid any expression of emotion or vulnerability. This avoidant behavior however, often comes too late when illnesses/symptoms are more aggressive and/or diagnosed at a later stage. This highlights two key issues - the willingness to acknowledge pain and wanting to seek medical attention when experiencing pain.MethodsTo better understand the pain experience in diverse raced and gendered groups, this secondary data analysis aimed to determine the influence identified physical, psychosocial, and behavioral health indicators have in reporting pain among Black men. Data were taken from a baseline sample of 321 Black men, &gt;40 years old, who participated in the randomized, controlled Active &amp; Healthy Brotherhood (AHB) project. Statistical models were calculated to determine which indicators (somatization, depression, anxiety, demographics, medical illnesses) were associated with pain reports.ResultsResults showed that 22% of the men reported pain for more than 30 days, with more than half of the sample being married (54%), employed (53%), and earning an income above the federal poverty level (76%). Multivariate analyses showed that those reporting pain were more likely to be unemployed, earn less income, and reported more medical conditions and somatization tendencies (OR=3.28, 95% CI (1.33, 8.06) compared to those who did not report pain.DiscussionFindings from this study indicate that efforts are needed to identify the unique pain experiences of Black men, while recognizing its impact on their identities as a man, a person of color, and someone living with pain. This allows for more comprehensive assessments, treatment plans, and prevention approaches that may have beneficial impacts throughout the life course.
Olfactory training reduces pain sensitivity in children and adolescents with primary headaches
Authors: Gossrau Gudrun , Zaranek Laura , Klimova Anna , Sabatowski Rainer , Koch Thea , Richter Matthias , Haehner Antje 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveHeadache prevalence among children and adolescents has increased over the last few years. Evidence-based treatment options for pediatric headaches remain limited. Research suggests a positive influence of odors on pain and mood. We investigated the effect of repeated exposure to odors on pain perception, headache-related disability, and olfactory function in children and adolescents with primary headaches.MethodsEighty patients with migraine or tension-type headache (mean 13.1 ± 3.29 years) participated, of whom 40 underwent daily olfactory training with individually selected pleasant odors for 3 months and 40 received state-of-the-art outpatient therapy as a control group. At baseline and after a 3-month follow-up, olfactory function [odor threshold; odor discrimination; odor identification; comprehensive Threshold, Discrimination, Identification (TDI) score], mechanical detection and pain threshold (quantitative sensory testing), electrical pain threshold, patient-reported outcomes on headache-related disability [Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment (PedMIDAS)], pain disability [Pediatric Pain Disability Index (P-PDI)], and headache frequency were assessed.ResultsTraining with odors significantly increased the electrical pain threshold compared to the control group (U = 470.000; z = −3.177; p = 0.001). Additionally, olfactory training significantly increased the olfactory function (TDI score [t(39) = −2.851; p = 0.007], in particular, olfactory threshold, compared to controls (U = 530.500; z = −2.647; p = 0.008). Headache frequency, PedMIDAS, and P-PDI decreased significantly in both groups without a group difference.ConclusionsExposure to odors has a positive effect on olfactory function and pain threshold in children and adolescents with primary headaches. Increased electrical pain thresholds might reduce sensitization for pain in patients with frequent headaches. The additional favorable effect on headache disability without relevant side effects underlines the potential of olfactory training as valuable nonpharmacological therapy in pediatric headaches.
The incidence and clinical characteristics of fragile X syndrome in China
Authors: Mei Lianni , Hu Chunchun , Li Dongyun , Wang Ya , Li Huiping , Zhang Kaifeng , Zhou Bingrui , Zhu Ruoping , Hagerman Randi J. , Xu Xiu , Xu Qiong 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionFragile X syndrome (FXS) is a X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD). This study aims to investigate the incidence of FXS in Chinese children and analyze the comprehensive clinical characteristics of these FXS children.MethodsChildren diagnosed with idiopathic NDD were recruited between 2016 and 2021 from the department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Fudan University. We combined tetraplet-primed PCR-capillary electrophoresis and whole exome sequencing (WES)/panel or array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) to identify the size of the CGG repeats and the mutations or copy number variations (CNVs) in the genome and in FMR1. The clinical features of FXS children were analyzed according to pediatricians' recording, parental questionnaires, the results of examinations and follow-up.ResultsThe incidence of FXS in Chinese children with idiopathic NDD was 2.4% (42/1753) and in those with FXS, 2.38% had a deletion (1/42). Here, we present the clinical characteristics of 36 children with FXS. Overweight was observed in two boys. The average intelligence quotient (IQ)/development quotient (DQ) of all FXS patients was 48. The average ages of meaningful words and walking alone were 2 years and 10 months and 1 year and 7 months, respectively. The most frequent repetitive behavior was stimulated by hyperarousal to sensory stimulation. On social aspects, social withdrawal, social anxiety, and shyness accounted for 75%, 58%, and 56% of the total number of children, respectively. Approximately 60% of FXS children in this cohort were emotionally labile and prone to temper tantrums. Self-injury and aggression toward others could also be observed, at 19% and 28%, respectively. The most frequent behavioral problem was attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) seen in 64% and the most common facial features were a narrow and elongated face and large or prominent ears in 92% of patients.DiscussionScreening of FMR1 full mutation provides the possibility for patients' further medical supports and the clinical features of FXS children obtained in this study will increase the understanding and diagnosis of FXS.
The impact of enterprise resilience and HRM practices on performance: Findings from fsQCA
Authors: Liu Bo , Li Yan , Tang LinHua , Zhao Yipeng , Chang Haodong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundBoth enterprise resilience and HRM practices can have a positive impact on enterprise performance. The impact of enterprise resilience or human resource management (HRM) practices on enterprise performance independently has been studied widely. But few studies have combined the above two aspects to discuss their impact on enterprise performance.ObjectiveIn order to provide positive conclusions for improving enterprise performance, the theoretical model is established to expound the relationship between enterprise resilience, HRM practices including their internal influencing factors and enterprise performance. According to this model, a series of hypotheses about the influence of the combination from these internal factors on enterprise performance are presented.MethodBased on the statistical data of the questionnaire survey with managers and general employees at different levels in enterprises as respondents, the correctness of these hypotheses is proved by the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method.Results and discussionThe impact of the combination of enterprise resilience for high enterprise performance is shown in Table 3. The positive impact on the configuration of HRM practices for enterprise performance is shown in Table 4. The influences of the various combinations of internal factors about enterprise resilience and HRM practices on enterprise performance are shown in Table 5. From Table 4, it is discovered that performance appraisal and training have a significant positive effect on high enterprise performance. From Table 5, it is found that information sharing capabilities play a critical role, and enterprise resilience capabilities have a relatively positive impact on enterprise performance. Therefore, managers need to seek the development of enterprise resilience and HRM practices simultaneously and choose the most suitable combination configuration according to the actual situation of the enterprise itself. Moreover, a meeting system should be set up to ensure the transmission of internal information efficiently and accurately.
Homocysteine level at the acute stage of ischemic stroke as a biomarker of poststroke depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Yanling , Shi Xiangqun , Chen Lue , Li Yongxin , Zhong Jianping 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundStudies on the association of homocysteine level with poststroke depression (PSD) have yielded conflicting results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the elevated homocysteine level at the acute stage of ischemic stroke in predicting PSD.MethodsTwo authors systematically searched articles indexed in PubMed and Embase databases up to 31 January 2022. Studies evaluating the association of homocysteine level with the development of PSD in patients with acute ischemic stroke were selected.ResultsA total of 10 studies involving 2,907 patients were identified. The pooled adjusted odds ratio (OR) of PSD was 3.72 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.03–6.81] for the top vs. bottom homocysteine level. The value of elevated homocysteine level in predicting PSD was stronger in ≥6-month follow-up (OR 4.81; 95% CI 3.12–7.43) than those in ≤ 3-month follow-up subgroup (OR 3.20; 95% CI 1.29–7.91). Moreover, a per unit increase in homocysteine level conferred a 7% higher risk of PSD.ConclusionElevated homocysteine level in the acute stage of ischemic stroke may be an independent predictor of PSD.
Temporal trend and subgroup disparities in the prevalence and treatment of those who screen positive for depression in China: A population-based study
Authors: Chen Shanquan , Wang Yuqi 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIn China, improving mental health has been far behind its accomplishments for other diseases. With depression as one of the most prevalent mental disorders, the aim of this study was to evaluate temporal trends in the prevalence and treatment of those who screen positive for depression in China, by age, gender, and province.MethodsWe used data from three nationally representative sample surveys: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), and the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Depression was judged by the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Access to treatment was judged by two items: if respondents received any treatment like anti-depressants, or if respondents received counselling from a mental health professional. Survey-specific weighted regressions were fitted to estimate the temporal trend and subgroup disparities, and then pooled by meta-analysis.ResultsIn total 168,887 respondents were investigated. The overall prevalence of China populations who screen positive for depression was 25.7% (95% CI 25.2–26.2) during 2016–2018, decreased from 32.2% (95% CI 31.6–32.8) during 2011–2012. The gender gap increased with age and had no significant improvement from 2011–2012 to 2016–2018. The prevalence of depression in developed areas is more likely to show a lower value and decreasing trend, while the prevalence in underdeveloped areas is more likely to show a higher value and increasing trend, from 2011–2012 to 2016–2018. The overall proportion of those who received any needed treatment or counselling from a mental health professional slightly increased from 2011 (0.5%, 95% CI 0.4–0.7) to 2018 (0.9%, 95% CI 0.7–1.2), and mainly occurred for older adults aged 75 and above.ConclusionThe prevalence of those who screen positive for depression decreased by about 6.5% from 2011–2012 to 2016–2018 in China, but only tiny improvements were made in accessibility to mental health care. Corresponding disparities were identified in age, gender, and province.
COVID-19 vaccination status in Germany: Factors and reasons for not being vaccinated (yet)
Authors: Sterl Sebastian , Stelzmann Daniela , Luettschwager Nils , Gerhold Lars 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that effective vaccines constitute a central element of successful pandemic control. Although everyone in Germany has had the opportunity to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, some people remain hesitant or refuse to get vaccinated. To address this phenomenon as well as to examine the unvaccinated population more closely, the present study investigates (RQ1) factors explaining the COVID-19 vaccination status (RQ2) trust in different types of COVID-19 vaccines, and (RQ3) people's specific reasons for not getting vaccinated against COVID-19.MethodsWe base our findings on a representative survey that we conducted in Germany in December 2021 with 1,310 respondents.ResultsIn response to the first research question, a logistic regression shows that trust in specific institutions (e.g., medical experts and authorities) is positively related to vaccination status, whereas trust in companies and COVID-19-related social and alternative media consumption decreases the likelihood of being vaccinated. Furthermore (RQ2), while vaccinated people trust mRNA-based vaccines (e.g., BioNTech), most unvaccinated people put greater trust in recently developed protein-based vaccines (e.g., Novavax), albeit on a low level. Finally, our study reveals (RQ3) that the most important reason why people choose not to get vaccinated is that they wish to make their own decisions about their bodies.ConclusionBased on our results, we suggest that a successful vaccination campaign should address COVID-19 risk groups and lower income populations, increase trust in different public institutions and newly developed vaccines in advance, establish a multisectoral approach, and debunk fake news and misinformation. Furthermore, since unvaccinated respondents state that the desire to make their own choices about their body is the main reason why they have not gotten vaccinated against COVID-19, an effective vaccination campaign should emphasize the need for general practitioners who have a closer relationship with their patients who, in turn, trust their doctors.
PCR combined with serologic testing improves the yield and efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 infection hunting: A study in 40,689 consecutive overseas arrivals
Authors: Fang Li-Li , Zhu Jian-Hui , Cai Min-Jing , Zhang Jing-Wen , Jiang Long-Can , Dai Zhang , Lin Yu , Liang Xian-Ming 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe global epidemiological situation of COVID-19 remains serious. The rapid hunting of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the key means for preventing transmission.MethodsA total of 40,689 consecutive overseas arrivals were screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection based on PCR and serologic testing. The yield and efficiency of different screening algorithms were evaluated.ResultAmong the 40,689 consecutive overseas arrivals, 56 (0.14%) subjects were confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection. The asymptomatic rate was 76.8%. When the algorithm based on PCR alone was used, the identification yield of a single round of PCR (PCR1) was only 39.3% (95% CI: 26.1–52.5%). It took at least four rounds of PCR to achieve a yield of 92.9% (95% CI: 85.9–99.8%). Fortunately, an algorithm based on a single round of PCR combined with a single round of serologic testing (PCR1+ Ab1) greatly improved the screening yield to 98.2% (95% CI: 94.6–100.0%) and required 42,299 PCR and 40,689 serologic tests that cost 6,052,855 yuan. By achieving a similar yield, the cost of PCR1+ Ab1 was 39.2% of that of four rounds of PCR. For hunting one case in PCR1+ Ab1, 769 PCR and 740 serologic tests were required, costing 110,052 yuan, which was 63.0% of that of the PCR1 algorithm.ConclusionComparing an algorithm based on PCR alone, PCR combined with a serologic testing algorithm greatly improved the yield and efficiency of the identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Model-based risk assessment of dengue fever transmission in Xiamen City, China
Authors: Guo Zhinan , Liu Weikang , Liu Xingchun , Abudunaibi Buasiyamu , Luo Li , Wu Sihan , Deng Bin , Yang Tianlong , Huang Jiefeng , Wu Shenggen , Lei Lei , Zhao Zeyu , Li Zhuoyang , Li Peihua , Liu Chan , Zhan Meirong , Chen Tianmu 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundQuantitative assessment of the risk of local transmission from imported dengue cases makes a great challenge to the development of public health in China. The purpose of this study is to observe the risk of mosquito-borne transmission in Xiamen City through ecological and insecticide resistance monitoring. Quantitative evaluation of mosquito insecticide resistance, community population and the number of imported cases affecting the transmission of dengue fever (DF) in Xiamen was carried out based on transmission dynamics model, so as to reveal the correlation between key risk factors and DF transmission.MethodsBased on the dynamics model and combined with the epidemiological characteristics of DF in Xiamen City, a transmission dynamics model was built to simulate the secondary cases caused by imported cases to evaluate the transmission risk of DF, and to explore the influence of mosquito insecticide resistance, community population and imported cases on the epidemic situation of DF in Xiamen City.ResultsFor the transmission model of DF, when the community population is between 10,000 and 25,000, changing the number of imported DF cases and the mortality rate of mosquitoes will have an impact on the spread of indigenous DF cases, however, changing the birth rate of mosquitoes did not gain more effect on the spread of local DF transmission.ConclusionsThrough the quantitative evaluation of the model, this study determined that the mosquito resistance index has an important influence on the local transmission of dengue fever caused by imported cases in Xiamen, and the Brayton index can also affect the local transmission of the disease.
The impact of COVID-19 quarantine on lifestyle indicators in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: AlBlooshi Sharifa , AlFalasi Maryam , Taha Zainab , El Ktaibi Farid , Khalid Alia 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionCOVID-19 is a virus that has spread rapidly and brought economic and social crises all around the world. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 quarantine on dietary habits, physical activity, food purchasing, smoking, and sleeping patterns in the United Arab Emirates.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire between November 1st, 2020 and the end of January 2021. Citizens and residents of the UAE aged ≥ 18 years old were asked to complete an anonymous electronic questionnaire created via Google Forms and distributed on various platforms, such as WhatsApp, Twitter, and email. A total of 1682 subjects participated in the study.ResultsThe results included that during the COVID-19 lockdown, more participants (44.4%) reported an increase in weight. This gain seems to be linked to increased food consumption [(Adjusted Odd Ratio) AOR = 1.68, 95% (Confidence Interval) CI = 1.12, 2.54,p= 0.022], decreased physical activity (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.58, 3.21,p&lt; 0.001), and increased smoking (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.04, 3.50,p= 0.038). The groups that were most likely to gain weight included those who consumed more cereals (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.57,p= 0.011), had an increased desire for sweets (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.50, 3.19,p&lt; 0.001), and an increased desire for food (hunger) (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.53, 3.14,p&lt; 0.001). In contrast, those who exercised more were more likely to lose weight (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44, 0.86,p&lt; 0.001) as well as those who slept over 9 h a day (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.88,p= 0.006).DiscussionOverall, it is essential to promote healthy habits and methods of healthy diet maintenance during stressful and unusual times when people might find it difficult to put effort into their health.
Abuse and humiliation in the delivery room: Prevalence and associated factors of obstetric violence in Ghana
Authors: Yalley Abena Asefuaba , Abioye Dare , Appiah Seth Christopher Yaw , Hoeffler Anke 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAbuse and mistreatment of women during childbirth is a major barrier to facility-based delivery, putting women at risk of avoidable complications, trauma and negative health outcomes including death. We study the prevalence of obstetric violence (OV) and its associated factors in the Ashanti and Western Regions of Ghana.MethodologyA facility-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight public health facilities from September to December 2021. Specifically, close-ended questionnaires were administered to 1,854 women, aged 15–45 who gave birth in the health facilities. The data collected include the sociodemographic attributes of women, their obstetric history and experiences of OV based on the seven typologies according to the categorization by Bowser and Hills.FindingsWe find that about two in every three women (65.3%) experience OV. The most common form of OV is non-confidential care (35.8%), followed by abandoned care (33.4%), non-dignified care (28.5%) and physical abuse (27.4%). Furthermore, 7.7% of women were detained in health facilities for their inability to pay their bills, 7.5% received non-consented care while 11.0% reported discriminated care. A test for associated factors of OV yielded few results. Single women (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.2) and women who reported birth complications (OR 3.2, 95% CI 2.4–4.3) were more likely to experience OV compared with married women and women who had no birth complications. In addition, teenage mothers (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.5–4.5) were more likely to experience physical abuse compared to older mothers. Rural vs. urban location, employment status, gender of birth attendant, type of delivery, time of delivery, the ethnicity of the mothers and their social class were all not statistically significant.ConclusionThe prevalence of OV in the Ashanti and Western Regions was high and only few variables were strongly associated with OV, suggesting that all women are at risk of abuse. Interventions should aim at promoting alternative birth strategies devoid of violence and changing the organizational culture of violence embedded in the obstetric care in Ghana.