bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive in vitro analysis evaluating the variable drug–drug interaction risk of rifampicin compared to rifabutin
Authors: Nilles Julie , Weiss Johanna , Sauter Max , Haefeli Walter E. , Ruez Stephanie , Theile Dirk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCompared to rifampicin (600 mg/day), standard doses of rifabutin (300 mg/day) have a lower risk of drug–drug interactions due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) or P-glycoprotein (Pgp/ABCB1) mediated by the pregnane X receptor (PXR). However, clinical comparisons with equal rifamycin doses or in vitro experiments respecting actual intracellular concentrations are lacking. Thus, the genuine pharmacological differences and the potential molecular mechanisms of the discordant perpetrator effects are unknown. Consequently, the cellular uptake kinetics (mass spectrometry), PXR activation (luciferase reporter gene assays), and impact on CYP3A4 and Pgp/ABCB1 expression and activity (polymerase chain reaction, enzymatic assays, flow cytometry) were evaluated in LS180 cells after treatment with different rifampicin or rifabutin concentrations for variable exposure times and eventually normalized to actual intracellular concentrations. In addition, inhibitory effects on CYP3A4 and Pgp activities were investigated. While rifampicin is poorly taken up by LS180 cells, it strongly activates PXR and leads to enhanced expression and activity of CYP3A4 and Pgp. In contrast, rifabutin is a significantly less potent and less efficient PXR activator and gene inducer, despite sixfold to eightfold higher intracellular accumulation. Finally, rifabutin is a potent inhibitor of Pgp (IC50 = 0.3 µM) compared to rifampicin (IC50 = 12.9 µM). Together, rifampicin and rifabutin significantly differ by their effects on the regulation and function of CYP3A4 and Pgp, even when controlled for intracellular concentrations. Rifabutin’s concurrent Pgp inhibitory action might partly compensate the inducing effects, explaining its weaker clinical perpetrator characteristics.
On Asymptotic Stability of the Sine-Gordon Kink in the Energy Space
Authors: Alejo Miguel A. , Muñoz Claudio , Palacios José M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider the sine-Gordon (SG) equation in $$1+1$$

1
+
1

dimensions. The kink is a static, non symmetric exact solution to SG, stable in the energy space $$H^1\times L^2$$

H
1

×

L
2

. It is well-known that the linearized operator around the kink has a simple kernel and no internal modes. However, it possesses an odd resonance at the bottom of the continuum spectrum, deeply related to the existence of the (in)famous wobbling kink, an explicit periodic-in-time solution of SG around the kink that contradicts the asymptotic stability of the kink in the energy space. In this paper we further investigate the influence of resonances in the asymptotic stability question. We also discuss the relationship between breathers, wobbling kinks and resonances in the SG setting. By gathering Bäcklund transformations (BT) as in Hoffman and Wayne (Differ Int Equ 26(3–4):303–320, 2013), Muñoz and Palacios (Ann. IHP C Analyse Nonlinéaire 36(4):977–1034, 2019) and Virial estimates around odd perturbations of the vacuum solution, in the spirit of Kowalczyk et al. (Lett Math Phys 107(5):921–931, 2017), we first identify the manifold of initial data around zero under which BTs are related to the wobbling kink solution. It turns out that (even) small breathers are deeply related to odd perturbations around the kink, including the wobbling kink itself. As a consequence of this result and Kowalczyk et al. (Lett Math Phys 107(5):921–931, 2017), using BTs we can construct a smooth manifold of initial data close to the kink, for which there is asymptotic stability in the energy space. The initial data has spatial symmetry of the form (kink + odd, even), non resonant in principle, and not preserved by the flow. This asymptotic stability property holds despite the existence of wobbling kinks in SG. We also show that wobbling kinks are orbitally stable under odd data, and clarify some interesting connections between SG and $$\phi ^4$$

ϕ
4

at the level of linear Bäcklund transformations.
Avoiding incompatible drug pairs in central-venous catheters of patients receiving critical care: an algorithm-based analysis and a staff survey
Authors: Wagner Leonhardt Alexander Fabian , Neininger Martina Patrizia , Hensen Jan , Zube Olaf , Bertsche Thilo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In a critical care setting, we aimed to identify and solve physico-chemical drug incompatibilities in central-venous catheters considering the staffs’ knowledge and assumptions about incompatibilities.

Methods
(i) After positive ethical vote, an algorithm to identify incompatibilities was developed and applied. The algorithm was based on KIK® database and Stabilis® database, the drug label, and Trissel textbook. (ii) A questionnaire was created and used that asked staff for knowledge and assumptions about incompatibilities. (iii) A 4-step avoidance recommendation was developed and applied.

Results
(i) At least one incompatibility was identified in 64 (61.4%) of 104 enrolled patients. Eighty one (62.3%) of 130 incompatible combinations affected piperacillin/tazobactam and in 18 (13.8%) each furosemide and pantoprazole. (ii) 37.8% (n = 14) of the staff members participated in the questionnaire survey (median age: 31, IQR: 4.75 years). The combination of piperacillin/tazobactam and pantoprazole was incorrectly judged to be compatible by 85.7%. Only rarely felt the majority of respondents unsafe in administering drugs (median score: 1; 0, never to 5, always). (iii) In those 64 patients with at least one incompatibility, 68 avoidance recommendations were given, and all were fully accepted. In 44 (64.7%) of 68 recommendations “Step 1: Administer sequentially” was suggested as a avoidance strategy. In 9/68 (13.2%) “Step 2: Use another lumen”, in 7/68 (10.3%) “Step 3: Take a break”, and in 8/68 (11.8%) “Step 4: Use catheters with more lumens” were recommended.

Conclusions
Although incompatibilities were common, the staff rarely felt unsafe when administering drugs. Knowledge deficits correlated well with the incompatibilities identified. All recommendations were fully accepted.
Ascorbyl palmitate–PCL fiber mats loaded with strontium polyphosphate nanoparticles for guided bone regeneration
Authors: Abdel-Hady Bothaina M. , Ekram Basma , Müller Werner E. G. , Gad Abdul Aziz M. , Wang Xiaohong , Schröder Heinz C. , Tolba Emad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultifunctional fiber mats are explored as potential bioactive matrices for the development of the next generation of guided bone regeneration membranes with tunable microstructure, strength and therapeutic activity. In the present study, polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers with different concentrations of ascorbic acid derivatives (ascorbyl palmitate) and strontium polyphosphate nanoparticles (Sr-polyP NPs) were fabricated. The obtained PCL mats scaffolds were assessed not only for microstructure structure features, including morphological observation, hydrophilicity and tensile strength, but also in vitro water uptake, biodegradation (under enzymatic and hydrolytic conditions), bioactivity using SBF, as well as ascorbic acid release study. The observed results showed that the mean fiber diameter of the PCL fibers (388 ± 340 nm) increased with the increase in the concentration of the ASP and Sr-polyP NPs. The addition of ascorbyl palmitate caused an increase in viscosity from 40.6 ± 2.5 to 66.6 ± 2.0 cP in the case of 20% AsP/PCL; however, it caused a decrease in conductivity from 7.3 ± 0.4 to 6.38 µs, while there was an obvious increase in the viscosity and conductivity by Sr-polyP Nps addition from 40.6 ± 2.5 cP in the case of PCL only to 88.3 ± 2.5 cP in the case of PA1/SP15. The contact angle decreases from 125.9 ± 2.5° in the case of PCL only to 112 ± 4 and 102 ± 2.4° in the case of 20% loaded ascorbyl palmitate-PCL mats and 15% Sr/PCL, respectively. Moreover, the assessment of the antioxidant activity of PCL fiber mats containing 10% and 20% ascorbyl palmitate demonstrated that the 20% ascorbyl palmitate-PCL fiber mats have a higher antioxidant effectiveness compared to the 10% mats. This could be attributed to the controlled release of ascorbic acid from PCL, which occurs after 7 days. However, the highest tensile strength was observed for 5% Sr-polyP NPs-loaded PCL/AsP mats at 1.52 ± 0.51 MPa. Further increase of Sr-polyP NPs content resulted in a clear decrease of tensile strength to 1.13 ± 0.13and 0.93 ± 0.71 for 10% and 20% ascorbyl palmitate-PCL mats, respectively. Importantly, the fabricated AsP and Sr-polyP NPs-loaded PCL fiber mats showed induction of calcium phosphate deposition in SBF and the ability to sustain release of ascorbic acid over a time period of 28 d, in addition to the enhancement in cell proliferation compared to PCL only suggesting their application as a favorable synthetic matrix to amplify guided bone regeneration process.
Graphical abstract
Osteoid osteomas of the hip: a well-recognized entity with a proclivity for misdiagnosis
Authors: Wenger Doris E. , Tibbo Meagan E. , Hadley Matthew L. , Sierra Rafael J. , Welch Timothy J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The diagnosis of osteoid osteomas (OO) about the hip can be challenging as presenting symptoms can mimic other, more common, periarticular pathologies. Our aims were to identify the most common misdiagnoses and treatments, mean delay in diagnosis, characteristic imaging features and provide tips for avoiding diagnostic imaging pitfalls for patients with OO of the hip.

Methods
We identified 33 patients (34 tumors) with OO about the hip who were referred for radiofrequency ablation between 1998 and 2020. Imaging studies reviewed included radiographs (n = 29), CT (n = 34), and MRI (n = 26).

Results
The most common initial diagnoses were femoral neck stress fracture (n = 8), femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) (n = 7), and malignant tumor or infection (n = 4). The mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis of OO was 15 months (range, 0.4–84). The mean time from initial incorrect diagnosis to OO diagnosis was 9 months (range, 0–46).

Conclusions
The diagnosis of OO of the hip is challenging, with up to 70% of cases initially misdiagnosed as a femoral neck stress fracture, FAI, bone tumor, or other joint pathology in our series. Consideration of OO in the differential diagnosis of hip pain in adolescent patients and awareness of the characteristic imaging findings are critical for making an accurate diagnosis.

Key Points
• The diagnosis of osteoid osteoma of the hip can be challenging, as demonstrated by long delays in time to initial diagnosis and high rates of misdiagnoses which can lead to inappropriate interventions.
• Familiarity with the spectrum of imaging features of OO, especially on MRI, is imperative given the increase in the utilization of this modality for the evaluation of young patients with hip pain and FAI.
• Consideration of OO in the differential diagnosis of hip pain in adolescent patients and awareness of the characteristic imaging findings, including bone marrow edema and the utility of CT, are critical for making a timely and accurate diagnosis.
Online citizen science with the Zooniverse for analysis of biological volumetric data
Authors: Smith Patricia , King Oliver N. F. , Pennington Avery , Tun Win , Basham Mark , Jones Martin L. , Collinson Lucy M. , Darrow Michele C. , Spiers Helen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Public participation in research, also known as citizen science, is being increasingly adopted for the analysis of biological volumetric data. Researchers working in this domain are applying online citizen science as a scalable distributed data analysis approach, with recent research demonstrating that non-experts can productively contribute to tasks such as the segmentation of organelles in volume electron microscopy data. This, alongside the growing challenge to rapidly process the large amounts of biological volumetric data now routinely produced, means there is increasing interest within the research community to apply online citizen science for the analysis of data in this context. Here, we synthesise core methodological principles and practices for applying citizen science for analysis of biological volumetric data. We collate and share the knowledge and experience of multiple research teams who have applied online citizen science for the analysis of volumetric biological data using the Zooniverse platform (www.zooniverse.org). We hope this provides inspiration and practical guidance regarding how contributor effort via online citizen science may be usefully applied in this domain.
Regulation of endothelial function by cigarette smoke and next-generation tobacco and nicotine products
Authors: Klein Justus , Diaba-Nuhoho Patrick , Giebe Sindy , Brunssen Coy , Morawietz Henning 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCigarette smoking is the most important avoidable cardiovascular risk factor. It causes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis and increases the risk of its severe clinical complications like coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Several next-generation tobacco and nicotine products have been developed to decrease some of the deleterious effects of regular tobacco smoking. This review article summarizes recent findings about the impact of cigarette smoking and next-generation tobacco and nicotine products on endothelial dysfunction. Both cigarette smoking and next-generation tobacco products lead to impaired endothelial function. Molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction like oxidative stress, reduced nitric oxide availability, inflammation, increased monocyte adhesion, and cytotoxic effects of cigarette smoke and next-generation tobacco and nicotine products are highlighted. The potential impact of short- and long-term exposure to next-generation tobacco and nicotine products on the development of endothelial dysfunction and its clinical implications for cardiovascular diseases are discussed.
Finding Matching Cuts in H-Free Graphs
Authors: Lucke Felicia , Paulusma Daniël , Ries Bernard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe well-known -complete problem Matching Cut is to decide if a graph has a matching that is also an edge cut of the graph. We prove new complexity results for Matching Cut restricted to H-free graphs, that is, graphs that do not contain some fixed graph H as an induced subgraph. We also prove new complexity results for two recently studied variants of Matching Cut, on H-free graphs. The first variant requires that the matching cut must be extendable to a perfect matching of the graph. The second variant requires the matching cut to be a perfect matching. In particular, we prove that there exists a small constant $$r>0$$

r
>
0

such that the first variant is -complete for $$P_r$$

P
r

-free graphs. This addresses a question of Bouquet and Picouleau (The complexity of the Perfect Matching-Cut problem. CoRR, arXiv:2011.03318, (2020)). For all three problems, we give state-of-the-art summaries of their computational complexity for H-free graphs.
Bite by byte: can fitness wearables help bariatric patients lose more weight after surgery?
Authors: Huang Estella Y. , Chung Daniel , Hollandsworth Hannah M. , Goldhaber Nicole H. , Robles Lorijane , Horgan Maria , Sandler Bryan J. , Jacobsen Garth R. , Broderick Ryan C. , Grunvald Eduardo , Horgan Santiago 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Multidisciplinary approaches to weight loss have been shown to improve outcomes in bariatric patients. Few studies have been performed assessing the utility and compliance of fitness tracking devices after bariatric surgery. We aim to determine whether use of an activity tracking device assists bariatric patients in improving postoperative weight loss behaviors.

Methods
A fitness wearable was offered to patients undergoing bariatric surgery from 2019 to 2022. A telephone survey was conducted to elucidate the impact of the device on the patient’s postoperative weight loss efforts 6 to 12 months after surgery. Weight loss outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) patients receiving the fitness wearable (FW) were compared to those of a group of SG patients who did not receive one (non-FW).

Results
Thirty-seven patients were given a fitness wearable, 20 of whom responded to our telephone survey. Five patients reported not using the device and were excluded. 88.2% reported that using the device had a positive impact on their overall lifestyle. Patients felt that using the fitness wearable to keeping track of their progress helped them both to achieve short-term fitness goals and sustain them in the long run. From the patients that utilized the device, 44.4% of those that discontinued felt like it helped them build a routine that they maintained even after they were no longer using it. Demographic data between FW and non-FW groups (age, sex, CCI, initial BMI, and surgery BMI) did not differ significantly. The FW group trended towards greater %EWL at 1 year post-operation (65.2% versus 52.4%, p = 0.066) and had significantly greater %TWL at 1 year post-operation (30.3% versus 22.3%, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
The use of an activity tracking device enhances a patient’s post-bariatric surgery experience, serving to keep patients informed and motivated, and leading to improved activity that may translate to better weight loss outcomes.
Interspinous and spinolaminar synthetic vertebropexy of the lumbar spine
Authors: Calek Anna-Katharina , Altorfer Franziska , Fasser Marie-Rosa , Widmer Jonas , Farshad Mazda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To develop and test synthetic vertebral stabilization techniques (“vertebropexy”) that can be used after decompression surgery and furthermore to compare them with a standard dorsal fusion procedure.

Methods
Twelve spinal segments (Th12/L1: 4, L2/3: 4, L4/5: 4) were tested in a stepwise surgical decompression and stabilization study. Stabilization was achieved with a FiberTape cerclage, which was pulled through the spinous process (interspinous technique) or through one spinous process and around both laminae (spinolaminar technique). The specimens were tested (1) in the native state, after (2) unilateral laminotomy, (3) interspinous vertebropexy and (4) spinolaminar vertebropexy. The segments were loaded in flexion–extension (FE), lateral shear (LS), lateral bending (LB), anterior shear (AS) and axial rotation (AR).

Results
Interspinous fixation significantly reduced ROM in FE by 66% (p = 0.003), in LB by 7% (p = 0.006) and in AR by 9% (p = 0.02). Shear movements (LS and AS) were also reduced, although not significantly: in LS reduction by 24% (p = 0.07), in AS reduction by 3% (p = 0.21). Spinolaminar fixation significantly reduced ROM in FE by 68% (p = 0.003), in LS by 28% (p = 0.01), in LB by 10% (p = 0.003) and AR by 8% (p = 0.003). AS was also reduced, although not significantly: reduction by 18% (p = 0.06). Overall, the techniques were largely comparable. The spinolaminar technique differed from interspinous fixation only in that it had a greater effect on shear motion.

Conclusion
Synthetic vertebropexy is able to reduce lumbar segmental motion, especially in flexion–extension. The spinolaminar technique affects shear forces to a greater extent than the interspinous technique.
Characterizing the temporal dynamics of intrinsic brain activities in depressed adolescents with prior suicide attempts
Authors: Cheng Xiaofang , Chen Jianshan , Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Ting , sun Jiaqi , Zhou Yanling , Yang Ruilan , Xiao Yeyu , Chen Amei , Song Ziyi , Chen Pinrui , Yang Chanjuan , QiuxiaWu  , Lin Taifeng , Chen Yingmei , Cao Liping , Wei Xinhua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConverging evidence has revealed disturbances in the corticostriatolimic system are associated with suicidal behaviors in adults with major depressive disorder. However, the neurobiological mechanism that confers suicidal vulnerability in depressed adolescents is largely unknown. A total of 86 depressed adolescents with and without prior suicide attempts (SA) and 47 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional imaging (R-fMRI) scans. The dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) was measured using sliding window approach. We identified SA-related alterations in dALFF variability primarily in the left middle temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus (MFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), right SFG, supplementary motor area (SMA) and insula in depressed adolescents. Notably, dALFF variability in the left MFG and SMA was higher in depressed adolescents with recurrent suicide attempts than in those with a single suicide attempt. Moreover, dALFF variability was capable of generating better diagnostic and prediction models for suicidality than static ALFF. Our findings suggest that alterations in brain dynamics in regions involved in emotional processing, decision-making and response inhibition are associated with an increased risk of suicidal behaviors in depressed adolescents. Furthermore, dALFF variability could serve as a sensitive biomarker for revealing the neurobiological mechanisms underlying suicidal vulnerability.
The Efficacy and Safety of Patiromer for Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Yuhui , Gao Yu , Feng Jun , Hou Linlin , Luo Chunmiao , Zhang Zhipeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of patiromer, a novel potassium binder, in reducing the risk of hyperkalemia in patients with heart failure and optimizing their RAASi therapy.

Design
Systematic review and meta-analyses.

Method
The authors conducted a systematic search in Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy and safety of patiromer in heart failure patients from inception to 31 January 2023 and updated on 25 March 2023. The primary outcome was the association between the reduction of hyperkalemia and patiromer compared with placebo, and the secondary outcome was the association between optimization of RAASi therapy and patiromer.

Results
A total of four randomized controlled trials (n = 1163) were included in the study. Patiromer was able to reduce the risk of hyperkalemia in heart failure patients by 44% (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.87; I2 = 61.9%), improve tolerance to target doses of MRA in patients with heart failure (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.30; I2 = 49.4%), and decrease the proportion of all-cause discontinuation of RAASi (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.98; I2 = 48.4%). However, patiromer therapy was associated with an increased risk of hypokalemia (RR 1.51, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.12; I2 = 0%), while no other statistically significant adverse events were observed.

Conclusion
Patiromer appears to have a considerable effect on reducing the incidence of hyperkalemia in heart failure patients and on optimizing the therapy of RAASi in those patients.