bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trayectos estudiantiles en contextos de masificación de la educación terciaria en Uruguay
Authors: González Laurino Carolina , Sande Muletaber Sandra , Zorrilla de San Martín Cerutti Santiago 
Published: March 2023

Este artículo analiza el perfil de los estudiantes de trabajo social en contextos de masificación de la enseñanza universitaria en Uruguay que ha implicado un proceso progresivo de modificación en el volumen y estructura de capital social, cultural y económico del estudiantado durante los últimos treinta años. Los cuestionarios autoadministrados aplicados a una muestra representativa de estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Trabajo Social en los años 2013, 2016, 2018 y 2021 parecerían indicar que esta transformación del perfil de los cursantes estaría relacionada con el proceso de universalización de la educación superior pública en el país que ha implicado el ingreso de sectores sociales que, durante la mayor parte del siglo XX no accedían a la universidad. Esta buena noticia tiene su contracara en el proceso de masificación de algunas de las formaciones de grado que ofrece la Universidad de la República sin correlato de aumento de recursos para hacer frente a la sobredemanda. La enseñanza virtual incrementó aún más el proceso de masificación dado que los estudiantes tuvieron la posibilidad de cursar y ser evaluados sin cambiar su lugar de residencia. Por otra parte, este aumento de estudiantes estuvo acompañado de un incremento del estrés y el agotamiento docente para ofrecer una enseñanza de calidad mediante la incorporación de nuevos recursos tecnológicos que no todos manejaban con solvencia.
Floristic zoning of high-mountain landscapes of the Central and North-Eastern Caucasus
Authors: Astamirova M A. , Taysumov M. A. , Abdurzakova A. S. , Magomadova R. S. , Omarkhadzhieva F. S. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To carry out floristic zoning of high-mountain landscapes of the Central and North-Eastern Caucasus.Material and Methods. A list of obligate petrophytes was compiled based on the results of processing the authors' own field collections and taking into account information from floristic reports and determinants. The assessment of the similarity of species composition of the flora of the high-mountain landscapes of the Central and North-Eastern Caucasus was carried out according to the Jaccard and S0rensen-Chekanovskiy coefficients.Results. Based on the analysis of similarity of floristic lists, the geographical boundaries were corrected and three floristic regions of petrophilic high-mountain flora were identified.Conclusion. This analysis of the similarity of the petrophilic floras of the high-mountain landscapes of the Central and North-Eastern Caucasus has shown that it is necessary to correct the boundaries of the existing scheme of floristic zoning, since the similarity of coefficients of floristic lists indicates the possibility of combining a number of areas based on a small degree of difference between their floras and the presence of a significant number of species whose ranges are unifying.
Distribution of orchids in the upper basin of the Ural River and questions of nature conservation
Authors: Suyundukov I. V. , Kildiyarova G. N. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. Conduct a botanical and geographical analysis of the species of the fam. Orchidaceae in the upper part of the Ural River basin and provide recommendations on the organization of specially protected natural areas.Material and Methods. The study of the distribution of orchids was carried out both on the basis of the results of our own field expeditions and on literature and herbarium collections stored in local and central herbaria (UFA, SWER, LE, MW). The coenopopulation studies were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods.Results. The species composition of orchids was revealed and their arealogical, ecological-coenotic, coenopopulation analysis was undertaken in the upper part of the Ural River basin. Despite the wide range, most species of the fam. Orchidaceae are characterised by a narrow ecological-coenotic confinement. The low occurrence of orchids in the conditions of the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the territories under consideration is associated with both weather-climatic and anthropogenic impacts. The coenopopulations of most species are small and the ontogenetic spectra are incomplete.Conclusions. Species of the family Orchidaceae do not grow in economically developed territories. The remaining locations of orchids are mainly associated with landscapes that are difficult to access for anthropogenic impact. In order to preserve the steppe and forest-steppe landscapes of the Urals it is necessary to further develop the system of specially protected natural areas. The most promising for this purpose are the Krykty and Irendyk ranges, which are distinguished by their unique landscape and biological diversity.
Investigation of the inhibitory activity of extracts, fractions and secondary metabolites of <i>Silene</i> spp. (<i>Caryophyllaceae</i>) and <i>Serratula cupuliformis</i> (<i>Asteraceae</i>) on the replication of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus
Authors: Kazachinskaia E. I. , Zibareva L. N. , Filonenko E. S. , Ivanova A. V. , Gadzhieva M. M. , Bekshokov K. K. , Kononova Yu. V. , Chepurnov A. A. , Shestopalov A. М. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. In vitro analysis of the inhibitory activity of extracts, fractions and secondary metabolites of plants of the genus Silene [Caryophylaceae] and Serratula cupuliformis [Asteraceae) on the replication of SARS-CoV-2.Material and Methods. Silene spp. and Serratula cupuliformis of the Siberian Botanical Garden of National Research Tomsk State University were used. Ethanol extracts and butanol fractions of Silene spp. were prepared. The flavonoid shaftoside and the ecdysteroid 20-hydroxyecdysone from Lychnis chalcedonica were isolated. Analysis of BAS was carried out by the HPLC method. In vitro analysis of the inhibitory activity of extracts on SARS-CoV-2 replication was performed in Vero cell culture by direct inactivation [neutralization) of virions. Comparison samples were dry ethanol extracts of chaga [Inonotus obliquus, Basidiomycota), spices of cloves [Syzygium aromaticum, Myrtaceae) and root of licorice [Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Fabaceae).Results. The inhibitory activity of ethanol extracts and butanol fractions of Silene spp., as well as individual compounds [shaftozide and 20-E) was revealed in the range of 50% effective concentrations [EC50) when dissolved in water from 339.85±83.92 pg/ml to 1.59±0.39 pg/ml and when dissolved in DMSO from 119.34±26.34 pg/ml to 2.22±0.57 pg/ml, respectively. The butanol fraction of Serratula cupuliformis was active with EC50=21.74±4.80 and 27.42±6.05 pg/mL. These results for some samples of Silene spp. and Serratula cupuliformis are comparable to the EC50 values of the comparators.Conclusion. The results obtained suggest the presence of biologically active substances in the herbal preparations studied that act destructively on virions of SARS-CoV-2 and affect one of the main stages of its "life" cycle - on the attachment to receptors of sensitive cells.
The Histopathological Features of Syphilis and Its Mimickers
Authors: Purnamasari Indah , Hidayati Afif Nurul , Etty Hary Kusumastuti  , Isaak Effendy  
Published: March 2023

Highlights:

The importance of having a strong suspicion for syphilis and maintaining close contact between dermatologists and pathologists cannot be understated.
Understanding the clinical relationship and histopathological features of syphilis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and distinction from its histopathologic mimickers.

Abstract:
Settings
Syphilis, also known as "the great imitator," is a sexually transmitted infection with a variety of clinical symptoms and histopathological similarities to other infectious diseases. Public health concerns about syphilis have grown significantly. Since 2000, there has been an increase in syphilis prevalence in the United States, with a 17.6% increase from 2015 to 2016. From 2000 to 2019, the number of syphilis cases throughout Asia increased from 0.9% to 30.9%, whilst the number of cases in Indonesia decreased from 22.5% to 14.4%. Specific serological tests for syphilis can usually detect and confirm the diagnosis and offer follow-up care in most cases. However, in certain instances, the clinical characteristics discovered during testing can be identical to those of other diseases, which may lead to inconsistent diagnosis. Considering that the diagnostic pathology is pertinent to the clinical circumstances, a histopathological investigation may be useful for differentiating syphilis mimickers. Pathology is essential for identifying potential syphilis patients with ambiguous clinical symptoms. This study’s purpose was to assist dermatologists and pathologists in identifying "mimickers" that require a biopsy and in determining the correct diagnosis and treatment coutsed based on etiology.
Mechanical Properties Of Pack Carburized AISI 4340 With Variation Energizer Composition of Barium Carbonate (BaCO3) And Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)
Authors: Setiawan Agris , Yusmania Sapna , Sudiyanto Anton 
Published: March 2023

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="right"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>The aim of this research was to determine the mechanical strength of AISI 4340 steel after pack carburizing with variation of barium carbonate (BaCO<sub>3</sub>) and sodium carbonate (Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) as energizer. The various ratios of energizer: 40/60, 50/50 and 60/40 w/w%. Mechanical test was conducted to determine tensile (ASTM E-8), impact charpy strength (ASTM E-23), rockwell hardness number (ASTM E-18) and microstructure characterization (ASTM E-3). Both type specimens were temperature pack carburized is 950ºC and holding time is 3 hours. Results showed that specimen C has a lowest ultimate tensile strength mean values than the other specimens, which is 333.43±30.22 MPa. The results of the impact test showed that the lowest impact energy value is found in specimen C, which is 4.32 joules and the highest impact energy value is found in specimens without treatment, which is 15.80 joules. Based on microscope observation indicated that microstructure of specimen was martensite structure increase and the results of the hardness test was influenced by martensite phase, specimen C has the highest hardness compared to other specimens, which is 80.70 HRC while the untreated specimen is 56.90 HRC.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
Terahertz techniques for better hazelnut quality
Authors: Greco Manuel , Leccese Fabio , Giovenale Emilio , Doria Andrea 
Published: March 2023

In recent years, technological innovation has acquired a fundamental role in the agri-food sector and in particular in food quality control. The development of technology allowed to improve the quality of the food before it is placed on the market. Recently, non-invasive techniques such as those operating in the THz spectral band were applied to the field of food quality control.
In the laboratories of the ENEA centre in Frascati, close to Rome-Italy, has been developed a THz imaging system operating in reflection mode and an experimental setup able to measure both reflection and transmission of the samples in the frequency range between 18-40 GHz. With these two setups will distinguish rotten and healthy hazelnuts acquiring in real time both images of the fruit inside the shell by using the imaging system and the transmission data exploiting the 18-40 GHz system.
Lamprophyres of the Southern Coast of Novaya Zemlya: Composition, Tectonomagmatic Position, and New Age Data
Authors: Korago E.A. , Stolbov N.M. , Burnaeva M.Yu. , Vasil’eva I.M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
—The Novaya Zemlya Archipelago is an early Cimmerian folded structure located on the northern periphery of the Ural–Mongolian fold belt. The geologic development of the archipelago is well-studied and serves as a benchmark for interpolating its features to the shelf of the surrounding water areas, whose sedimentary cover contains large accumulations of hydrocarbon raw materials. In addition to the stratified section of essentially sedimentary rocks, it is of interest to study igneous formations, which clearly mark tectonic events in the geologic history of the archipelago. In the light of this, the age of these formations remains important. The age of some magmatic complexes of the archipelago is still debatable. This paper focuses upon a lamprophyre complex in the extreme south of Novaya Zemlya, which has been dated at the Late Proterozoic or Late Proterozoic–early Paleozoic(?) until recently. The results obtained for the U–Pb age of apatites contained in the rocks of this complex confirm the Devonian age of the lamprophyres, and it is suggested by estimates based on the presented data that the emplacement time lies in a range from 360 to 398 Ma. This means that they might be associated with riftogenic processes on Novaya Zemlya since the second half of the Early Devonian, when the stage of short-term stable carbonate sedimentation (in the first half of the Devonian Period) was replaced by the initiation of a new structural–formational zonal sequence.
Antiviral Response and Immunopathogenesis of Interleukin 27 in COVID-19
Authors: Valdés-López Juan Felipe , Urcuqui-Inchima Silvio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is associated with a high mortality rate. The clinical course is attributed to the severity of pneumonia and systemic complications. In COVID-19 patients and murine models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the disease may be accompanied by over-exuberant production of cytokines, leading to accumulation of immune cells in affected organs such as lungs. Previous reports have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection antagonizes interferon (IFN)-dependent antiviral response, thereby preventing the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Lower IFN levels have been linked to more severe COVID-19. Interleukin 27 (IL27) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of IL27p28 and EBI3 subunits that induce both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. Recently, we and others have reported that IL27 also induces a strong antiviral response in an IFN-independent manner. Here, we investigated transcription levels of both IL27 subunits in COVID-19 patients. Results show that SARS-CoV-2 infection modulates TLR1/2-MyD88 signaling in PBMCs and monocytes, and induces NF-κB activation and robust pro-inflammatory response-dependent NF-κB-target genes expression, including EBI3; as well as it activates IRF1 signaling, that induces IL27p28 mRNA expression. Results suggest that IL27 induces a robust STAT1-dependent pro-inflammatory and antiviral response in an IFN-independent manner in COVID-derived PBMCs, and Monocytes as a function of severe COVID-19 clinical course. Similar results were observed in SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein-stimulated macrophages. Thus, IL27 can trigger host antiviral response suggesting the possibility of novel therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans.
A new method for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on the CRISPR/Cas system
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , He Xiaoying , Zhang Yubo , Chen Lei , Pan Zhaobao , Huang Yueying , Li Heng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Object: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a bacterium that can cause zoonoses by aerosol transmission. Tuberculosis (TB) caused by MTB places a heavy burden on world public health security. The development of efficient, specific, convenient, and inexpensive MTB assays is important for the prevention and control of TB.
Methods: Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) is a special DNA repeat family widely present in bacterial and archaeal genomes. In this study, we established a specific detection method for MTB using the CRISPR system, combined with recombinase mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification (RAA) to improve the sensitivity of the detection system and achieve "two-level" amplification of the detection signal. The sensitivity and specificity of RAA combined with the CRISPR/Cas system were analyzed. Using BACTEC 960 culture as the gold standard for the detection of MTB, we established the TB-CRISPR technique by testing 504 samples from patients with suspected tuberculosis.
Results: MTB H37Ra could be detected as low as 3.13 CFU/mL by the CRISPR-Cas12a system targeting IS6110. With BACTCE960 culture (120 positives and 384 negatives) as the gold standard, the sensitivity of the TB-CRISPR technique was 0.883 (0.809-0.932) and the specificity was 0.940 (0.910-0.961). According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) reached 0.944 (0.914-0.975) within 95% CI. The positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 14.747 (9.870-22.035) and the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.124 (0.076-0.203). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 0.822 (0.742-0.881) and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 0.963 (0.937-0.979).
Conclusion: TB-CRISPR realizes the rapid screening and diagnosis of MTB. The whole detection time is less than 1.5h. It is easy to operate and does not need to rely on complex instruments. It is of great significance for the rapid detection of MTB and the clinical diagnosis of TB.
Novel SETBP1 mutation in a Chinese family with intellectual disability
Authors: Wang Le , Wang Xudong , Yang Bo , Wang Xuemeng , Peng Yuqian , Tan Hangjing , Xiao Hong‐Mei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is characterized by an IQ < 70, which implies below-average intellectual function and a lack of skills necessary for daily living; ID may occur due to multiple causes, such as metabolic, infectious, and chromosomal causes. ID affects approximately 1–3% of the population, but the cause can be identified in only 25% of clinical patients. In order to find the cause of genetic ID in a family, we performed whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing to confirm the presence of an SETBP1 mutation and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect SETBP1 expression in the proband and normal controls. A novel mutation, c.942_943insGT (p.Asp316TrpfsTer28) in the SETBP1 gene was found. Further, we observed that SETBP1 expression in patients was only 20% that of normal controls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we found a heterozygous mutation in SETBP1 associated with ID and provided further evidence for its genetic basis and support for clinical genetic diagnosis.
Multiple Scales Analysis of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Coupled Acoustic Modes in a Quasi 1-D Duct
Authors: kumar Swarnalatha Kathalagiri Vasantha , Rani Sarma L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present novel solutions based on the method of multiple scales (MMS) to the nonlinear equations governing the time-dependent amplitudes of coupled acoustic modes in a quasi one-dimensional duct with non-uniform cross-section and axially inhomogeneous mean velocity, temperature and pressure. The modal amplitude equations constitute a multi-degree-of-freedom system of linearly and nonlinearly coupled ordinary differential equations with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. Due to the presence of both quadratic and cubic terms, the perturbation expansion for the MMS solution necessary includes terms of three orders, 𝑂(𝜖), 𝑂(𝜖2) and 𝑂(𝜖3). In addition to the MMS solutions, those obtained using the Krylov-Bogoliubov method of averaging (KBMA) are presented. The MMS and KBMA solutions are in good agreement with each other and with the numerical solutions to the governing equations. Two representative internal resonance cases that arise in a two-mode system are considered, i.e., 𝜔2 ≈ 2𝜔1 and 𝜔2 ≈ 3𝜔1, where 𝜔1 and 𝜔2 are the linear natural frequencies of the modes. For the 𝜔2 ≈ 2𝜔1 case, both the numerical and KBMA solutions contain low- frequency oscillations in the outer envelope of the limit-cycle like oscillations, but the method of multiple scales does not capture these oscillations. It was observed that when the amplitude equations are linearly uncoupled, the low-frequency oscillations in the outer envelope disappear. The criteria for the stability of the limit cycles are analyzed using the MMS and the KBMA solutions and the stability boundaries illustrated.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient under maintenance haemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Shimamoto Yuki , Sasaki Hirohito , Kasuno Kenji , Watanabe Yuki , Sakashita Sayumi , Nishikawa Sho , Nishimori Kazuhisa , Morita Sayu , Nishikawa Yudai , Kobayashi Mamiko , Fukushima Sachiko , Enomoto Soichi , Takahashi Naoki , Hamano Tadanori , Sakamaki Ippei , Iwasaki Hiromichi , Iwano Masayuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Endothelial dysfunction is common in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis, and is a major cause of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Recently, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to cause endothelial dysfunction by infecting vascular endothelial cells. Several cases of neurological complications in patients without kidney dysfunction, and only a few cases in patients with chronic kidney disease, have been reported in the literature. However, no previous report has yet described PRES associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients undergoing maintenance dialysis.

Case presentation

A 54-year-old woman undergoing maintenance haemodialysis was admitted to our hospital for epilepticus. She subsequently developed end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) secondary to diabetic nephropathy. Seven days prior to admission, she had developed fever and was diagnosed with COVID-19. After diagnosis, her blood pressure increased from 160/90 mmHg to approximately 190/100 mmHg. On admission, she presented with severe hypertension (> 220/150 mmHg), unconsciousness, and epilepticus. CT tomography revealed no signs of brain haemorrhage. Cranio-spinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed no signs of encephalitis, and CSF polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 was negative. MRI findings revealed focal T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the bilateral parietooccipital regions, leading to the diagnosis of PRES. Deep sedation and strict blood pressure control resulted in a rapid improvement of her symptoms, and she was discharged without sequelae.

Conclusions

Herein, we report the first case of PRES associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. Patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis are at high risk of PRES because of several risk factors. SARS-CoV-2 infection causes direct invasion of endothelial cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), initiating cytokine release, and hypercoagulation, leading to vascular endothelial cell injury and increased vascular leakage. In the present case, SARS-CoV-2 infection may have triggered the development of PRES.