bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound utilization for implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Mian Muhtashim , Khan Habib Rehman 
Published: June 2023

SummaryUltrasound (US) guidance for implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) is currently not routine practice. This article sought to review published data on the use of ultrasound in each of the major surgical steps involved in implantation of CIEDs, including achieving anesthesia, obtaining venous access and implantation of leads. A literature review was performed, revealing a total of 20 peer-reviewed studies that assessed US guidance for CIED implantation; 3 of these were randomized trials while the remainder were mostly feasibility studies. The available data suggest that ultrasound can be useful in guiding implantation of CIEDs, with a trend towards less complication rates; however, more high-quality studies that compare US guidance to traditional techniques in CIED implantation are required.
Spatial characterization of peptide nucleic acid molecularly imprinted inverse opal
Authors: Estrada S. A. Adriana , Gaidies Sabrina , Febbraro Jana , Turak Ayse , Lin Hong-Ru , Salinas Yolanda , Brüggemann Oliver 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe combination of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and inverse opals (IO) have been a point of interest in the past few years due to their potential in sensing applications. At the same time, peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a stable analogue to natural occurring genetic material. In this study, we describe the preparation and characterization of a PNA imprinted matrix, based on the controlled self-assembly of organized silica particles (SiPs) arrays. The degree of organization of the silica arrays are compared to the organization of the cavities after the removal of the SiPs, using spatial statistical analysis. This analysis of the Voronoi tessellations, pair correlation functions and bond order showed that the successfully formed arrays contain a high degree of quasi-hexagonal (hexatic) organization of the cavities, with both global and local order. The adsorption analysis of the materials show potential for developing future materials with tunable structural reflective properties, such as on-site, color- changing genetic material sensor.Graphical abstract
Cognitive and motivational characteristics as predictors of students’ expository versus narrative text comprehension
Authors: Cruz Neri Nadine , Bernholt Sascha , Härtig Hendrik , Schmitz Anke , Retelsdorf Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrior research has examined the impact of different cognitive predictors on students’ expository and narrative text comprehension. It has become apparent that some cognitive variables predict text comprehension in both genres, while some are genre-specific predictors. However, the effect of reading motivation on expository and narrative text comprehension remains unclear. Thus, the aim was to investigate which reading-related cognitive and motivational characteristics predict universal versus genre-specific text comprehension. The sample consisted of 261 eighth graders (age: M = 14.96; 37.9% girls). Applying path modeling, the results showed that students’ vocabulary was a significant predictor of text comprehension in both genres. Furthermore, reading strategy knowledge predicted text comprehension of a narrative and an expository text. Reading for interest predicted text comprehension in two of three expository texts. Identifying these universal and genre-specific characteristics of text comprehension can enable teachers to foster students’ text comprehension by targeting these specific skills.
Naturalized and invasive alien plants in the Kruger National Park, South Africa
Authors: Foxcroft Llewellyn C. , Moodley Desika , Nichols Geoff R. , Pyšek Petr 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, covers an area of 20,000 km2 and is one of the world’s most widely known protected areas. Like many protected areas, KNP is facing an increasing problem with the introduction and spread of alien plants. However, species prioritization using poor baseline data remains a key challenge for managers globally. Publications, expert opinion, and field observations indicate that 407 alien plant taxa have been recorded in the KNP; this list also included hybrids, ornamentals, records that could only be identified to the genus level, and extralimitals (i.e., species native elsewhere in South Africa; 22 species in total); in addition, two species are considered eradicated, and three potentially eradicated. Such extensive lists of poorly defined species’ statuses accumulated over long periods of time poses challenges to current decision-making processes. This is especially important for the management of naturalized (maintaining self-sustaining populations) and invasive species (subset of naturalized species that have spreading populations), because management needs to identify and target high-priority species and vulnerable sites. Here, we provide an up-to-date inventory of alien plant species that occur in natural areas in KNP (i.e., beyond tourist camps and other infrastructure) and thus represent a potential threat to the native species diversity in the park. We identified 146 such alien taxa, of which 30 are casuals, 58 are naturalized, 21 have become invasive, and for 37 species, the status remains to be determined. Twelve of the invasive species in KNP are globally widespread, occurring in more than 100 regions, and five (i.e., Pontederia crassipes, Lantana camara, Opuntia stricta, Chromolaena odorata and Mimosa pigra) are listed among 100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species. The alien flora in KNP comprises 41 families. Solanaceae (45.5%) and Asteraceae (26.1%) are over-represented among invasive species compared to non-invasive species. The alien flora of KNP mostly originates from North America and South America, and largely consists of perennials and herbaceous species. We found no significant results regarding the effect of origin and life span on invasion status. Despite a steady increase in the numbers of alien and naturalized plants since the 1980s, species we classified as invasive generally represent earlier introductions and have not increased substantially since the beginning of this century. Our paper highlights that carefully revised naturalized and invasive species lists reflecting the current situation in protected areas present a strong knowledge base for effective management strategies. In addition to addressing data gaps related to the distribution of alien species on a global scale, knowledge from large protected areas such as KNP contributes to understanding invasions in landscapes with varying and unique habitat types.
Productive Mathematical Whole-Class Discussions: a Mixed-Method Approach Exploring the Potential of Multiple-Choice Tasks Supported by a Classroom Response System
Authors: Gustafsson Patrik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, research has stressed the prominence of mathematics classroom discussions in productive instructional practices in mathematics instruction. In this context, problem-solving activities have been a common focus of research. Research shows that teachers need to deal with prerequisites and challenges such as norms, design of tasks, activating students, and leading students’ discussion to achieve a productive whole-class discussion. However, another promising activity for achieving productive discussions involves using a classroom response system and implementing different task types in a multiple-choice format. There is little knowledge about whole-class discussions using this approach. To meet this need, this paper presents results from a mixed-method approach that characterizes whole-class discussions to explore the potential of multiple-choice tasks supported by a classroom response system to achieve productive whole-class discussions. Three types of multiple-choice tasks were implemented in the classrooms of twelve mathematics teachers at secondary schools. The lessons, including 35 whole-class discussions, were video-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. The results summarize the characteristics of these whole-class discussions, including measures of students’ opportunities to talk and teacher and student actions. These results can help us develop a more profound understanding of whether and how multiple-choice tasks supported by a classroom response system can support teachers in achieving productive whole-class discussions.
Discordance between Adolescents and Parents in Functional Somatic Symptom Reports: Sex Differences and Future Symptom Prevalence
Authors: Hogendoorn Elske , Ballering Aranka V. , van Dijk Marijn W. G. , Rosmalen Judith G. M. , Burke Sarah M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFunctional somatic symptoms, i.e., physical complaints that cannot be sufficiently explained by an objectifiable biomedical abnormality, become increasingly more prevalent in girls than in boys during adolescence. Both parents and adolescents report more functional somatic symptoms in girls, but their reports correspond only limitedly. It remains unknown whether parent-adolescent discordance contributes to the higher symptom prevalence in girls. This study investigated parent-adolescent discordance in reported functional somatic symptoms throughout adolescence, examined the longitudinal association of parent-adolescent discordance with symptom prevalence in early adulthood and focused on sex differences in these processes. Participants included 2229 adolescents (50.7% female) from four assessments (age 11 to 22 years) of the TRAILS population cohort. Parents and adolescents reported significantly more symptoms in girls than in boys during adolescence. Variance analyses showed that throughout adolescence, parents reported fewer symptoms than girls self-reported and more than boys self-reported. Regression analyses using standardized difference scores showed that lower parent-report than self-report was positively associated with symptom prevalence in early adulthood. Polynomial regression analyses revealed no significant interaction between parent-reported and adolescent self-reported symptoms. Associations did not differ between boys and girls. The findings show that lower parent-reported than self-reported symptoms predict future symptom prevalence in both sexes, but this discordance was more observed in girls. The higher functional somatic symptom prevalence in girls might be partly explained by parental underestimation of symptoms.
Mechanical and morphological properties of PP/XNBR blends produced with rubber latex
Authors: Lendvai László 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, polypropylene (PP)/carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) binary blends were prepared with the elastomer component dosed in its suspension (latex) form into the polymer matrix during melt compounding. For this purpose, samples containing 0-20 wt.% rubber were prepared using two different PP grades as matrices with lower and higher viscosity. Analogous reference samples with the same composition were also fabricated using traditional melt mixing by introducing the rubber in its dry, bulk form in order to analyze the efficiency of the latex route. Mechanical, thermomechanical and morphological analyses were used to investigate the structure-property relationships of the blends. Based on the SEM images the average domain size of the dispersed XNBR domains became markedly smaller when the rubber was introduced in its suspension form into the PP. Based on the Charpy impact tests and the tensile test results, the decreased rubber domain size led to improved ductility and toughness. The improvement was more prominent when the difference between the viscosity of the PP matrix and the XNBR rubber was higher.
Deep labeller: automatic bounding box generation for synthetic violence detection datasets
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad Shahroz , Kurugollu Fatih , Saravi Sara , Atlam Hany F. , Franqueira Virginia N. L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractManually labelling datasets for training violence detection systems is time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive. Mind wandering, boredom, and short attention span can also cause labelling errors. Moreover, collecting and distributing sensitive images containing violence has ethical implications. Automation is the future for labelling sensitive image datasets. Deep labeller is a two-stage Deep Learning (DL) method that uses pre-trained DL object detection methods on MS-COCO for automatic labelling. The Deep Labeller method labels violent and nonviolent images in WVD and USI. In stage 1, WVD generates weak labels using synthetic images. In stage 2, the Deep labeller method is retrained on weak labels. USI dataset is used to test our method on real-world violence. Deep labeller generated weak and strong labels with an IoU of 0.80036 in stage 1 and 0.95 in stage 2 on the WVD. Automatically generated labels. To test our method’s generalisation power, violent and nonviolent image labels on USI dataset had a mean IoU of 0.7450.
Optic cup segmentation of stereo retinal fundus images using virtual reality
Authors: Arnay Rafael , Hernández-Aceituno Javier , Díaz-Alemán Tinguaro , Sigut Jose , Alayón Silvia , Fumero Francisco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlaucoma is one of the world leading causes of irreversible blindness. Early detection is essential to delay its progression and prevent vision loss. An accurate segmentation of the cup region in retinal fundus images is necessary to obtain relevant measurements for the detection of glaucoma. In recent years, multiple methods have been developed to automatically detect this region. All these methods are adjusted or trained using images that had been previously segmented by experts. In order to aid clinicians in performing this task, an interactive tool for the segmentation of the optic cup in stereo retinal fundus images using virtual reality has been developed. By using stereo images, the implemented virtual reality environment allows users to naturally perceive the three–dimensional structure of the optic cup region, which eases its segmentation compared to monocular images. The usage of the presented application was observed to increase accuracy of the delimitation, compared to using only two–dimensional fundus images, especially on areas with blood vessels.
Pharmacists’ perspectives and attitudes towards the 2021 down-scheduling of melatonin in Australia using the Theoretical Domains Framework: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Yeung Kingston W. C. M. , Lee Samantha K. M. , Bin Yu Sun , Cheung Janet M. Y. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In Australia, prescription melatonin became a ‘Pharmacist Only Medicine’ for people over 55 with insomnia from June 2021. However, little is known about pharmacists’ views on melatonin down-scheduling and perceived impacts on practice.

Aim
To explore Australian community pharmacists’ views on and attitudes towards the down-scheduling of melatonin.

Method
A convenience sample of community pharmacists and pharmacy interns were recruited. Participants completed a survey capturing demographic and professional practice details, and rated their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards melatonin. This was followed by an online semi-structured interview. Interviews were guided by a schedule of questions developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework and explored the perceived role of melatonin, preparation/response to down-scheduling, practice changes and patient interactions. Interviews continued until data saturation and were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the Framework Approach.

Results
Twenty-four interviews were conducted with community pharmacists (n = 19) and intern pharmacists (n = 5), all practicing in metropolitan areas. Pharmacists/intern pharmacists welcomed the increased accessibility of melatonin for patients. However, pharmacists perceived a disconnect between the guidelines, supply protocols and pack sizes with practice, making it difficult to monitor patient use of melatonin. The miscommunication of eligibility also contributed to patient-pharmacist tension when supply was denied. Importantly, most participants indicated their interest in upskilling their knowledge in melatonin use in sleep, specifically formulation differences and dosage titration.

Conclusion
While pharmacists welcomed the down-scheduling of melatonin, several challenges were noted, contributing to pharmacist-patient tensions in practice. Findings highlight the need to refine and unify melatonin supply protocols and amend pack sizes to reflect guideline recommendations as well as better educating the public about the risk-benefits of melatonin.
Evaluating Receptor-Specific Fresh Specimen Staining for Tumor Margin Detection in Clinical Breast Specimens
Authors: Byrd Brook K. , Wells Wendy A. , Strawbridge Rendall R. , Barth Connor W. , Samkoe Kimberley S. , Gibbs Summer L. , Davis Scott C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Reliable and rapid identification of tumor in the margins of breast specimens during breast-conserving surgery to reduce repeat surgery rates is an active area of investigation. Dual-stain difference imaging (DDSI) is one of many approaches under evaluation for this application. This technique aims to topically apply fluorescent stain pairs (one targeted to a receptor-of-interest and the other a spectrally distinct isotype), image both stains, and compute a normalized difference image between the two channels. Prior evaluation and optimization in a variety of preclinical models produced encouraging diagnostic performance. Herein, we report on a pilot clinical study which evaluated HER2-targeted DDSI on 11 human breast specimens.

Procedures
Gross sections from 11 freshly excised mastectomy specimens were processed using a HER2-receptor-targeted DDSI protocol shortly after resection. After staining with the dual-probe protocol, specimens were imaged on a fluorescence scanner, followed by tissue fixation for hematoxylin and eosin and anti-HER2 immunohistochemical staining. Receiver operator characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) analysis were used to assess diagnostic performance of the resulting images. Performance values were also compared to expression level determined from IHC staining.

Results
Eight of the 11 specimens presented with distinguishable invasive ductal carcinoma and/or were not affected by an imaging artifact. In these specimens, the DDSI technique provided an AUC = 0.90 ± 0.07 for tumor-to-adipose tissue and 0.81 ± 0.15 for tumor-to-glandular tissue, which was significantly higher than AUC values recovered from images of the targeted probe alone. DDSI values and diagnostic performance did not correlate with HER2 expression level, and tumors with low HER2 expression often produced high AUC, suggesting that even the low expression levels were enough to help distinguish tumor.

Conclusions
The results from this preliminary study of rapid receptor-specific staining in human specimens were consistent with prior preclinical results and demonstrated promising diagnostic potential.
Gian-Carlo Rota & Gilles Châtelet, deux mathématiciens aux avant-postes de l’obscur
Authors: Alunni Charles 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
Cet article vise à montrer l’extrême proximité entre ces deux mathématiciens-philosophes que furent Gian-Carlo Rota et Gilles Châtelet disparus la même année (1999). Au moins quatre points communs les relient : une philosophie romantique radicale ; une rigueur intellectuelle exemplaire ; une vision affine de la recherche mathématique ; une révolte intérieure exécrant tout sensus communis.
Gian-Carlo Rota. Le mathématicien philosophe
Authors: Palombi Fabrizio 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
Se rendre sur la tombe de Gian-Carlo Rota, enterré au Mount Auburn Cemetery de Cambridge, inspire la réflexion à propos de la généalogie mathématique et philosophique. La première remonte idéalement, à travers Stan Ulam, jusqu’à Von Neumann, alors que la seconde ramène, par le biais de John Rawls et de Norman Malcom, à Ludwig Wittgenstein. Ces noms sont autant de « spectres » évoquant la valeur admirable de son héritage intellectuel et de son engagement éducatif. L’article explore l’étendue de ses domaines de recherche, délimite les frontières qui passent par la combinatoire, la physique, l’informatique, les processus industriels, en aboutissant – par la phénoménologie –, à la réflexion philosophique sur les mathématiques, sur la psychologie et sur la politique.
De la combinatoire algébrique à la phénoménologie
Authors: Patras Frédéric 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
Gian-Carlo Rota a su concilier un travail mathématique exemplaire et des recherches philosophiques largement inspirées par la phénoménologie husserlienne. Son œuvre philosophique nous semble avoir de fait deux composantes : l’une s’intéresse majoritairement à des phénomènes universels (beauté, démonstration, sens…). L’autre se déploie de façon plus subtile en filigrane de ses travaux mathématiques ; sans être thématisée comme telle – comme contribution philosophique –, elle alimente très lar-gement l’aura de Rota dans la communauté mathématique et justifie le rôle qu’il y joue de père fondateur d’une école combinatoire. L’analyse de ces différents moments de sa pensée permet de mieux en cerner les ressorts, l’unité et la portée.
De la déraisonnable efficacité des diagrammes
Authors: Damour Thibault 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
On présente des cas concrets où l’utilisation de diagrammes a joué un rôle utile dans des recherches de physiciens théoriciens. Les exemples choisis proviennent soit de travaux de divers spécialistes de gravitation relativiste (notamment, Einstein, Flamm, Hawking, Penrose, Rosen, Ruffini, Wheeler et l’auteur), soit de travaux d’experts en théorie quantique des champs et des cordes (notamment, Feynman, ‘t Hooft, Polchinski, Polyakov, Stueckelberg, et Wilson). Le but essentiel de ces exemples est d’illustrer le pouvoir suggestif et heuristique des diagrammes, autrement dit leur rôle de « multiplicateurs de virtualités », comme disait Gilles Châtelet. Un autre but est de montrer que les diagrammes mènent une vie propre qui est séparée des théories mathématisées du réel : ils peuvent exister avant les théories, et aussi leur survivre, et se réincarner dans le cadre de nouvelles théories physiques (cf. la discussion des diagrammes issus des travaux de Huygens et surtout de Faraday).
Le maniérisme épistémologique de Gilles ChâteletRelativité et exploration de l’a priori esthétique chez Husserl selon Weyl et Châtelet
Authors: Lobo Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
Les variations de Gilles Châtelet Sur une petite phrase de Riemann, montrent que loin de constituer une variante de la « philosophie baroque » telle que la définit Deleuze, son maniérisme épistémologique le rapproche étonnamment de l’attention aux « modes de données » et aux « modes de visée » caractéristique de la phénoménologie transcendantale. Comme Hermann Weyl, il voit à l’œuvre dans la phénoménologie husser-lienne un approfondissement de l’esthétique transcendantale kantienne, en la tenant pour une approche philosophique pertinente et ajustée à la science de son temps (en particulier à la théorie de la relativité restreinte et générale).
Avant-propos au texte de Gilles Châtelet
Authors: Paoletti Catherine 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
L’usage du nombre par les élites constitue un mode de gestion systémique qui exploite le facteur de désintégration de chaque composante singulière. Son contre-modèle mathématique renvoie à la véritable concrétude géométrique développée par Alexandre Grothendieck. La victoire de l’homme moyen qui accompagne celle du techno-populisme, entraîne un manque de différenciation, une disparition des marges au profit de l’index des comportements sociaux visant à un équilibre, à une communication, à une sorte de pseudo-chuchotement où tout le monde serait d’accord par simple utilisation de la moyenne statistique pour constituer l’idéal-type de l’homme contemporain qui résulte du fantasme de l’auto-organisation.