bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Putting Down Roots: Foundations of Botany at Carolina
Authors: Press BRIT 
Published: August 2023

From the Publisher: This book traces the development of the academic discipline of botany at the University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1792 to 1982. Coverage of the professors who taught botany during UNC’sfirst century includes their biographical background, pedagogical style, scientific instruction, and contributionsto science. The academic influences that each of these educators had on Carolina are also noted. Theconcluding chapter, constituting about one-sixth of the volume, describes the UNC Department of Botany,established in 1908. The principal focus of this chapter is the department’s accomplishments, its faculty, andits graduate students. Several significant themes are woven through the text, particularly for the 1800s: the University Museum,the idea of establishing a model farm, the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, the emergence of laboratory practicein the curriculum, the University Library and the sciences, and the campus landscape and its beautification.Included among the noteworthy milestones of the university and of Chapel Hill are the first woman to teachbotany, the early history of the freedmen’s school for Black children, and the establishment of the campus’sfirst chemical teaching laboratory.
Outcome of ganglion impar block in chronic coccydynia
Authors: Butt Muhammad Farooq , Bhat Tanveer Ahmed , Lone Zubair Ahmad , Gupta Sanjeev , Ghani Abdul 
Published: August 2023

Background: Chronic coccydynia is an annoying condition and is characterized by pain in the tail bone. Most cases are treated conservatively initially but failed conservative management calls for interventions of various type. One of the interventions in the armamentarium of the orthopaedic surgeon is a ganglion impar block. The present study aimed at assessing the outcome of ganglion impar block in chronic coccydynia.
Methods: This prospective study of five years duration included 27 patients with chronic coccydynia with failed conservative treatment. Visual analogue score (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to quantify pain and the improvement in symptoms. Minimum final follow-up was two years.
Results: The mean VAS and ODI scores pre-injection were 5.98±1.86 and 52.13±2.13, respectively. The mean VAS and ODI scores at final follow-up were 2.47±1.65 and 23.59±2.34, respectively. The improvement in the above objective scores was found to be statistically significant with a p=0.00257 for VAS score and 0.00425 for ODI score. One patient developed syncope post-injection and one patient complained of superficial injection site pain which persisted for three weeks. No significant or major complication was encountered.
Conclusions: Ganglion impar block appears to be a very impressive modality of treatment for chronic coccydynia in view of the simplicity, ease and reproducibility of the technique along with minimal complication rates. However, randomized control trials with large sample size are recommended.
Enfoque integral para la atención imagenológica
Authors: Andrade Mora Diego , Celi Simbaña Stalin  Santiago 
Published: August 2023

La imagenología es un especialidad médica fundamental en los servicios sanitarios al respaldar los procesos diagnósticos y terapéuticos de los pacientes.
En países de recursos medios y bajos, el acceso a los servicios imagenológicos es limitado y afecta sensiblemente a poblaciones económicamente desfavorecidas; adicionalmente, debido a la estructura de los sistemas de salud vigente se observa una menor atención centrada en la persona como un ser sentipensante y más bien interesa el resultado, la placa radiológica, tomográfica, de resonancia magnética o la imagen de ultrasonido.
Históricamente conocida por su menor contacto con los pacientes, no obstante es importante conocer al individuo en sus dimensiones sociodemográficos y culturales que permitan identificar sus necesidades y preferencias, que junto con un adecuado manejo de herramientas téoricas y tecnológicas permitan una atención integral.
En este contexto, la imagenología como disciplina interdependiente con otras áreas de la medicina, requiere de una renovación técnica constante, pero también del refuerzo sólido y permanente de su enfoque social, bioético y humanístico.
El entendimiento de los aspectos mencionados permitirá a los profesionales de la imagenología mejorar la calidad en la prestación de sus servicios, impactando positivamente en la atención del paciente.
ANÁLISE VACINAL DE ESTUDANTES EM UMA FACULDADE DE MEDICINA NO INTERIOR DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Modiano Patrícia , Herrero Ana Laura de Oliveira , Silveira Andrea Fernanda , Piai Rebeca Cury , Veríssimo Victor Hugo Manochio , Moreira Maria Luiza de Freitas Feliciano , Fabbro Nadia , Pileggi Gecilmara Salviato 
Published: August 2023

O estudo analisa a situação vacinal dos estudantes de medicina de uma faculdade do interior de São Paulo, partindo-se do princípio de que a vacinação é fundamental desde os primeiros anos da graduação. Foi feita uma análise na carteira de vacina de 277 estudantes, matriculados entre o 2º e o 6º ano do curso, e aplicado um questionário fechado para identificar sua percepção e conhecimento sobre o processo de imunização. Verificou-se que, embora considerem a vacinação importante, apenas 31,5% dos participantes sabem quais vacinas são indicadas para as áreas específicas de atuação, 81,9% possuem a carteira vacinal legível, mas em 55,5% dos casos o documento está desatualizado. Esses e outros resultados, apresentados ao longo deste artigo, demonstram a importância de se estabelecer um protocolo para orientar os estudantes desde os anos iniciais da graduação, devendo as instituições de ensino monitorarem a sua situação vacinal dos mesmos durante o curso.
Knowledge and Practice of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises Among Antenatal and Postnatal Women Attending a Secondary Health Facility in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Madu Theresa Obiageli , Obiekwu Adaobi Lilian , Mbadugha Chisom Joy , Omotola Ngozi Joy 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:Pelvic floor exercise is beneficial to every antenatal and postnatal woman as it helps to strengthen the pelvic floor muscle and prevent pelvic floor complications. Although the knowledge, practice, and benefits of pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFMEs) are fairly known among health care professionals, there seems to be a deficit in knowledge and practice of PFMEs among antenatal and postnatal women in the study location.OBJECTIVES:This study assessed the knowledge and practice of PFMEs among women attending antenatal and postnatal clinics in a secondary health center, in Southeast, Nigeria.METHODS:Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, a convenience sampling technique was used to select 143 pregnant and postpartum women at a secondary health center. A researcher-designed questionnaire was used to collect information on their demographics, knowledge, and the practice of pelvic floor exercises. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 at 5% alpha level.RESULTS:The findings showed that a small proportion (28.5%) had good knowledge; however, 54 (54.7%) practiced PFMEs. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and practice of pelvic floor exercises (p< .001).CONCLUSION:Limited knowledge and practice of PFMEs exist among the study population; therefore, good clinical practice guidelines should be developed to train and guide health providers on the best way to utilize antenatal classes to inform and train the antenatal and postnatal women properly on PFMEs.
Women’s Experiences of Care Provider Interaction During Decision-Making About Induction of Labor: A Narrative Systematic Review of the Qualitative Literature
Authors: Reid Katrina , Hollins Martin Caroline J. 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:In addition to improving maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, the World Health Organization now additionally requests that maternity care providers provide high-quality respectful care to childbearing women. Within this study, providing respectful care surrounds helping women make decisions about whether or not to have their labor induced, which encompasses providing goodcare provider interaction(CPI) within a considerate and empathetic interface. With this in mind, we wanted to explore what prior studies report about women’s experiences of CPI when deciding whether or not to have their labor induced.METHOD:A narrative systematic review of qualitative literature was conducted.RESULTS:Nine articles published between 2010 and May 2022 met the inclusion criteria, from which four themes were identified: (a) involvement in the decision-making process; (b) risk awareness; (c) sources and format of the information; and (d) trust in the care provider. The synthesis of data showed that many women feel uninvolved in decision-making processes surrounding their induction of labor (IOL) and perceive that they were provided with minimal choice. While most women have high levels of trust in their care provider, risks surrounding continuing the pregnancy often remain undiscussed. Additionally, women sometimes feel rushed into making a decision, with a lack of information provided in the right format regarding potential risks that might be involved.CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:In full recognition that maternity care professionals are motivated to communicate effectively with women, it is important that the risks of having IOL are fully discussed. The information provided needs to be tailored in both content and format according to individualized needs. Women require to explore their options and be afforded time to ask questions prior to deciding whether or not to have their labor induced.
Pregnancy-Related Anxiety and Associated Coping Styles and Strategies: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Brosens Charlotte , Gils Yannic van , Branden Laura Van den , Bleijenbergh Roxanne , Rimaux Sophie , Mestdagh Eveline , Kuipers Yvonne J. 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:Pregnancy-related anxiety is a distinct psychological construct during pregnancy, requiring adequate coping behavior.METHOD:A cross-sectional survey was performed among 420 pregnant Dutch-speaking women in Belgium to establish the prevalence rate of pregnancy-related anxiety and to explore its associated coping styles and strategies. Pregnancy-related anxiety was measured with the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R2) and coping was measured with the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced.FINDINGS:Based on PRAQ-R2 score ≥90th percentile, the pregnancy-related anxiety prevalence rate was 13.3%. Women with heightened scores significantly more often had a (family) history of psychological problems (p= .027,p= .013), were significantly more often nulliparous women (p< .000), had a fear of birth (p= .041), felt ill-prepared for birth and parenthood (p< .000), and significantly more often reported to have received insufficient emotional (p= .002) and practical support (p< .000) during pregnancy. The coping style “avoidance” showed a significant positive association with pregnancy-related anxiety (p< .000), while “positive thinking” showed a significant negative association (p= .054). The coping strategies “self-blame,” “substance use,” and “self-distraction” showed a significant positive association with pregnancy-related anxiety (p< .001,p= .011,p= .003).CONCLUSION:Flemish women show overall maladaptive styles and strategies in coping with pregnancy-related anxiety, of which self-blame seems to be a newfound strategy, requiring attention. Health care practitioners might benefit when being aware of the predisposing factors of pregnancy-related anxiety and women’s (mal)adaptive coping styles and strategies to better understand and adequately support these women.
Women’s Experiences of Pregnancy, Birth, and the Postpartum Period During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Zammit Jessica , Fenech Pauline , Borg Xuereb Rita , Riva Nicoletta 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is linked with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the effects of lockdown measures on pregnant women’s mental health are still largely unknown.AIM:To explore women’s experiences of pregnancy, labor/birth, and the postpartum period during the COVID-19 pandemic.METHOD:An online cross-sectional survey was conducted between July 2020 and May 2021. Two questionnaires were used: one focused on demographic information and women’s experiences of pregnancy and perinatal period, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Data were analyzed via statistical and content analysis.RESULTS:Two-hundred and 78 women answered the questionnaire. Stress and anxiety were the predominant challenges for many women; 36.3% reported being moderately and 17.3% highly stressed and anxious during pregnancy; 23.9% reported being moderately and 26.8% highly stressed and anxious during labor/birth. On the EPDS, 40.2% of women scored ≥11 points, indicating that they were at high risk for postpartum depression. The level of stress and anxiety during pregnancy and labor/birth was significantly higher in women with depressive symptoms compared with the other women (p< .001 for both comparisons). In addition, the proportion of women with depressive symptoms who were supported by friends during pregnancy was significantly lower compared with the other women (51.8% vs. 68.3%,p= .006). Women with depressive symptoms also reported a significantly lower presence of their partner during birth (95.5% vs. 99.4%,p= .040) and significantly lower perceived support from the midwife during labor and birth (p= .042). Content analysis revealed that sources of social and emotional stress and anxiety included women’s inability to meet with friends and extended families, lack of support, loneliness, the need to protect the baby, and concerns about hygiene.CONCLUSION:Partners, friends, and family members play a significant role in the social support systems of pregnant women, and their support was hindered by the lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. In our study, the prevalence of women at high risk for postpartum depression was higher when compared with previous literature, suggesting that the pandemic contributed to an increase in stress and anxiety. This should be taken into consideration in planning maternity services after the pandemic.
Value Change and Cognitive Dissonance: A Conceptual Model for Psychosocial Adaptation to Disability and Chronic Illness
Authors: Zhou Kaiqi 
Published: August 2023

Background:Value change is critical for individuals’ psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability. Although current value change theories facilitate our understanding of this process, limited interventions have been developed based on these theoretical frameworks.Objective:The purpose of the study is to examine the issues with current value change theories and propose a value change application model.Methods:A literature review approach was conducted in order to develop a value change application model by merging perspectives from rehabilitation psychology, cognitive dissonance theory, and schema theory.Findings:The Disability Inconsistency Model is proposed in the present study.Conclusion:The Disability Inconsistency Model views value from a dynamic perspective and identifies the catalyst to facilitate the psychosocial adaptation process. It also provides implications for the development of relevant interventions.
In Vitro Antimicotic Activity and Structural Damage Against Canine Malassezia pachydermatis Strains Caused by Mexican Stinglees Bee Propolis
Authors: Fuentes Diana Berenice , Pérez Betsabé Rodrígez , García Carlos Gerardo , Betancourt Nelly Tovar , Penieres José Guillermo , Galindo Florentina Hernández , Flores Javier Pérez , Cruz Tonatiuh Alejandro 
Published: August 2023

This work demonstrates the antimycotic activity and structural damage of stingless bee propolis against Malassezia pachydermatis,causative agent of canine otitis.Two propolis ethanolic extracts(EEP) derived from the stingless bees, Scaptotrigona mexicana and Tetragonisca angustula were tested against three clinical strains of Malassezia pachydermatis and one of reference (ATCC 14522). Each ethanolic extract of propolis was analyzed by Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS). Antimycotic activity was evaluated by plate microdilution. To evaluate the induced changes in yeasts, by fluorescence microscopy, stains were performed with chalcofluor white and propidium iodide. For both propolis, sesquiterpenes were the main components determined by GC-MS. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 32 mg/mL and a minimum fungicidal concentration of 64 mg/Ml were determined in both extracts. EPP of Scaptotrigona mexicana and Tetragonisca angustula caused significant damage to yeast morphology. Propidium iodide penetration was observed, indicating damage to the yeast and with calcofluor-white stain, only morphology deformation was observed..The antimycotic activity and structural damage of propolis from Scaptotrigona mexicana and Tetragonisca angustula against Malassezia pachydermtais was demonstrated .This probably being the first scientific report that demonstrates structural damage in Malassezia pachydermatis of Mexican stingless bee propolis
Causal relationship between gut microbiome and risk of AMD: a two-sample Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Li Gai-yun , Yao Pei-sen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
To identify gut microbiota susceptible to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) development, a Mendelian Randomization (MR) design was employed to systematically screen the gut microbiome for the potential risk of AMD.
Methods
Instrumental variables of 196 gut microbiota were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the MiBioGen consortium. A Mendelian randomization study was conducted to estimate their effects on AMD risk from R8 FinnGen GWAS (7582 AMD cases and 318039 controls). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) is the primary method to analyze causality, and MR results are verified by several sensitivity analyses.
Results
IVW results confirmed that Genus-Faecalibacterium (P = 7.56×10 − 4) was correlated with the risk of AMD. Genus-Candidatus_Soleaferrea (P = 2.05×10 − 3) was a protective factor for AMD. Heterogeneity (P > 0.05) and pleiotropy (P > 0.05) analysis confirmed the robustness of MR results.
Conclusion
We confirmed a potential causal relationship between some gut microbiota taxa and AMD, highlighting the association of the "gut-eye" axis and offering new insights into the gut microbiota-mediated mechanism of AMD.
Static and dynamic magnetization control of extrinsic multiferroics by the converse magneto-photostrictive effect.
Authors: Dekadjevi David , Matthieu Liparo , Jay Jean-Philippe , Dubreuil Matthieu , Simon Gaelle , Fessant Alain , Jahjah Walaa , Grand Yann Le , Sheppard Charles , Prinsloo Aletta , Vlaminck Vincent , Castel Vincent , Temdie-Kom Loic , Bourcin Guillaume , Spenato David 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this work, photostrictive manipulations of static and dynamic magnetic properties are demonstrated in an extrinsic multiferroic composite. The photostriction is achieved with visible light in the blue region of the spectrum. The composites consist of 5 nm or 10 nm magnetostrictive Fe$_{81}$Ga$_{19}$ thin films coupled to a piezoelectric (011)-Pb(Mg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3}$)O$_3$-Pb(Zr,Ti)O$_3$ substrate. Angular dependent magnetization reversals properties are largely enhanced or reduced under a converse magneto-photostrictive effect (CMPE). The CMPE strength is analysed with a novel coefficient named the converse magneto-photostrictive coupling coefficient. This coefficient is proposed as a general approach to analyse and to compare different extrinsic multiferroics under the converse magneto-photostrictive effect. Its thickness dependence reveals that the CMPE strength decreases with an increase of the Fe$_{81}$Ga$_{19}$ thickness. Experimental evidence for a control of dynamic magnetic properties under CMPE is then revealed by ferromagnetic resonance measurements. Resonant fields are shifted under CMPE, whereas their linewidths remain constant. Furthermore, resonant field shifts can be either positive or negative depending on the in-plane angle. The largest shift under CMPE of +5.7~\% is obtained for the 5~nm sample. Our study shows that the CMPE provides an efficient approach for a control of not only the static but also the dynamic magnetic properties in extrinsic multiferroics.
HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among African in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance
Authors: Xiong Mingzhou , Yang Menglan , Zhao Peizhen , Huang Shujie , Wang Cheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause substantial morbidity and mortality both in African and China. However, there is limited data available on the prevalence of HIV/STDs and the uptake of testing among Africans in China. A venue-based survey was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou to investigate the prevalence of HIV/STDs through laboratory testing and identify the associated factors. The prevalence rates of HIV, syphilis, NG, CT, and HBsAg among the participants were 1.0%, 2.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 5.5%, respectively. The overall reported rate of HIV/STD testing was 37.0%, with rates of 23.0% for HIV, 16.5% for syphilis, 12.5% for NG, 6.5% for genital herpes, 5.0% for condyloma acuminata, and 2.5% for CT. HIV/STD testing was associated with living environment in Guangzhou, having medical insurance in China, and utilizing health services in China in the past year. HIV/STDs are prevalent among Africans in China, and the epidemic is likely to spread due to a significant proportion of unprotected sexual behaviors and low rates of HIV/STD testing. Urgent interventions, including targeted health education, promotion of health service utilization, and active surveillance of HIV/STDs, are needed to reduce the risk of HIV/STD transmission.
Construction of IgG-Fab 2 bispecific antibody via intein-mediated protein trans- splicing reaction
Authors: Yamada Risa , Nakahara Ishin , Kumagai Izumi , Asano Ryutaro , Nakanishi Takeshi , Makabe Koki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A bispecific antibody (bsAb) is a class of engineered antibody molecules that simultaneously binds to two different antigens by having two kinds of antigen-binding domains. One of the major obstacles for the bsAb production is the incorrect chain-pairing problem, wherein each heavy and light chain should form pairings with the correct counterpart’s chains, but the structural similarity of the incorrect partners also forms the incorrect pairings. This study aimed to demonstrate a bsAb construction method using intein-mediated protein trans-splicing to create IgG-Fab2–type bsAbs, which is a modified antibody with a structure in which two additional Fabs are linked to the N-terminus of the heavy chain of an IgG molecule. The chain-paring problem between a heavy chain and a light chain is circumvented by separate expression and purification of the IgG part and the Fab part. We found that the deletion of a possible glycosylation residue improved the reaction yield and side-reaction cleavage in the protein ligation step. The resulting bsAb, IgG-Fab2 (Her2/CD3), demonstrated target binding activity and cytotoxicity mediated by activated T cells. These results indicate that the use of the protein ligation to produce the IgG-Fab2 type bsAb will expand the bsAb production method.