bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The stealth legitimization of a controversial policy tool: Statistical profiling in French Public Employment Service
Authors: Delpierre Alizée , Demazière Didier , El Fatihi Hajar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStatistical profiling algorithms claiming to predict which jobseekers are at risk of becoming long‐term unemployed are spread unevenly across countries. However, the pathways and histories of these tools are understudied. Because the profiling path in France is a winding one, it is fruitful to study the production of profiling acceptability within the Public Employment Service (PES), and upstream of its reception by frontline advisers. Using a mix of interviews and written sources, we show that the production of profiling acceptability sits at the crossroads of two processes: technical and political transformations of the instrument itself and broader institutional and managerial transformations of the PES. On the basis of this case study, the paper enriches our understanding of the slow and incremental rationalization of public services that we have termed “professional rationalization.” We argue that, far from being a softened or moderated form of bureaucratic rationalization, it is powerful—perhaps even irreversible—precisely because it transforms its target (frontline advisers) before the rationalization instrument is even deployed.
Partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by manure affects maize root traits in North China Plain
Authors: Wang Junqi , Liu Zeyu , Shan Xinhe , Zhang Yunlong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order to achieve high yields and environmental friendliness simultaneously, the replacement of chemical fertilizers by manure has become a research hotspot in recent years. Roots absorb nitrogen, participate in its assimilation and contribute to the cereal's dry matter accumulation. A 5‐year filed experiment in the North China Plain was initiated to assess the response of root morphology and distribution of summer maize (Zea mays L.) to fertilizer application and contribution to crop yield. The treatments included CK (unfertilized control), NPK (inorganic nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium fertilizer) and NPKM (manure + 70% NPK). We determined the root biomass, root diameter, root length density (RLD) of three diameters (>0.8 mm, 1stRLD; 0.2–0.8 mm, 2ndRLD; <0.2 mm, 3rdRLD) and the soil chemical properties at 60 cm with 10 cm increments. At 40–60 cm, NPKM significantly decreased the root diameter than NPK. Fertilization showed no effect on total RLD, 1stRLD, 2ndRLD and 3rdRLD for a 60‐cm soil profile. At 40–50 cm, the NPKM increased the RLD compared to NPK, mainly by increasing the 2ndRLD and 3rdRLD. Under CK and NPK, root lengths of 0–20 cm made up 62% and 57% of the total root length, respectively. Under NPKM, root lengths of 40–60 cm made up 46% of the total root length. Our results indicate that maize yield was preserved after replacing 30% of N fertilizer with manure, presumably depending on the change of root vertical distribution pattern and increase of the fine root length in deeper soil.
Effects of subconjunctival ropivacaine, liposomal bupivacaine, and mepivacaine on corneal sensitivity in healthy horses
Authors: Gonzalez Gabriel A. , Betbeze Caroline , Wills Robert , Eddy Alison , Mochal‐King Cathleen , Fontenot Robin L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate corneal sensitivity and adverse events following subconjunctival administration of three local anesthetics in horses.Study designRandomized, masked, crossover study.AnimalsTwelve healthy adult mares.MethodsThe subconjunctival space of the treated eye was injected with 0.2 mL of liposomal bupivacaine (1.3%), ropivacaine (0.5%), or mepivacaine (2%). All horses received each medication once and the contralateral eye received saline (control). Corneal touch threshold (CTT) was measured using a Cochet‐Bonnet esthesiometer before sedation, after sedation, and at specified intervals until it returned to baseline. Ocular examinations were performed at 24‐, 72, and 168 h post‐injection to monitor for adverse effects.ResultsThe mean total time of anesthesia (TTA) was 168.3 min for ropivacaine, 169.2 min for liposomal bupivacaine, 103.3 min for mepivacaine and 30.7 min for the control. TTA for liposomal bupivacaine (p < .001) and ropivacaine (p = .001) was longer than the control. TTA for mepivacaine was not different from the control (p = .138), liposomal bupivacaine (p = .075) or ropivacaine (p = .150). Injection site hemorrhage reduced TTA regardless of treatments (p = .047). No adverse effects attributed to injections were noted.ConclusionAll three medications were well tolerated. Subconjunctival administration of ropivacaine and liposomal bupivacaine resulted in longer TTAs compared to the control; however, their TTAs were not different from that of mepivacaine.Clinical significanceSubconjunctivally administered liposomal bupivacaine and ropivacaine are viable options to provide prolonged corneal analgesia in horses. Future studies are needed to assess the efficacy in diseased eyes.
Diagnosis of medial meniscal lesions in the canine stifle using multidetector computed tomographic positive‐contrast arthrography
Authors: Knudsen Lars , Østergaard Esben , Jensen Jakob J. , Miles James E. , Buelund Lene E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess diagnostic value and clinical utility of multidetector computed tomographic positive contrast arthrography (CTA) for meniscal lesions in dogs.Study designProspective case series.Study populationClient‐owned dogs (n = 55) with cranial cruciate ligament injuries.MethodsSedated dogs underwent CTA using a 16‐slice scanner, and subsequently received mini‐medial arthrotomy for meniscal assessment. Scans were anonymized, randomized, and reviewed twice for meniscal lesions by three independent observers with varying experience. Results were compared with surgical findings. Reproducibility and repeatability were assessed with kappa statistics, intraobserver changes in diagnosis by McNemar's test, and interobserver differences using Cochran's Q test. Test performance was calculated using sensitivity, specificity, proportion correctly identified, and positive and negative predictive values and likelihood ratios.ResultsAnalysis was based on 52 scans from 44 dogs. Sensitivity for identifying meniscal lesions was 0.62–1.00 and specificity was 0.70–0.96. Intraobserver agreement was 0.50–0.78, and interobserver agreement was 0.47–0.83. There was a significant change between readings one and two for the least experienced observers (p < .05). The sum of sensitivity and specificity exceeded 1.5 for both readings and all observers.ConclusionDiagnostic performance was suitable for identifying meniscal lesions. An effect of experience and learning was seen in this study.
Euvolaemic hyponatraemia as a rare first presentation of chronic hypopituitarism
Authors: Coe Calvin , Mathew Susan Vincy , Jude Edward B 
Published: June 2023

A man in his late 40s with no significant medical history presented with 2 weeks of lethargy, nausea and dizziness, alongside worsening headaches. Initial assessment revealed severe hyponatraemia and secondary hypothyroidism; urgent MRI pituitary was requested with a clinical suspicion of pituitary apoplexy. This demonstrated a likely cystic pituitary adenoma, with further testing revealing pituitary gland suppression, leading to a diagnosis of chronic secondary hypopituitarism. Initiating hormone replacement allowed substantial reported improvements in this patient’s quality of life.A review of the patient’s work-up revealed areas in which best practice was not followed. Cortisol measurements and paired urinary and serum osmolalities were initially not sent, nor results appropriately chased. A subsequent literature review identified that conformation with national and local guidelines on hyponatraemia management is poor. This patient’s case, when combined with the literature review, provides evidence to support methods to increase educational awareness of an appropriate work-up of hyponatraemia among clinicians.
Study design and rationale of EXPLORER-CN: a phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mavacamten in Chinese adults with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tian Zhuang , Wang Fang , Jin Wei , Zhang Qing , Zhou Jingmin , Yang Ping , Wang Geng , Hsu Peiwen , Sun Jing , Zhang Shuyang , Han Yaling 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disease commonly caused by pathogenic genetic variants encoding sarcomere proteins. Mavacamten, a first-in-class allosteric inhibitor of cardiac-specific myosin, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in international clinical trials of patients with symptomatic obstructive HCM (oHCM) but clinical evidence for mavacamten in the Chinese population is lacking.Methods and analysisEXPLORER-CN is a multicentre, phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled registration trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mavacamten in Chinese adults with symptomatic oHCM. The study will enrol approximately 81 participants with symptomatic oHCM. Eligible participants are randomised 2:1 to receive once-daily, oral mavacamten (starting dose 2.5 mg/day), or matching placebo, for 30 weeks, followed by a long-term extension (LTE) period of 48 weeks with active treatment for all subjects. The mavacamten dose will be adjusted by pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters during the double-blinded, placebo-controlled period and PD-only during the LTE period. The primary efficacy endpoint is change from baseline to week 30 in Valsalva left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) peak gradient determined by Doppler echocardiography. Secondary efficacy endpoints are change in resting LVOT peak gradient, proportion of participants achieving a Valsalva LVOT peak gradient <30 or < 50 mm Hg, New York Heart Association functional class improvement, change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score, cardiac biomarkers and left ventricular mass index evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance. LTE endpoints will characterise the long-term safety and efficacy of mavacamten.Ethics and disseminationThis clinical study has been approved by the Drug Clinical Trial Ethics Committee of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital (reference number: HS2021089). Written informed consent will be obtained from each participant. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented during national and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT05174416.
Long-term outcomes of mesial temporal laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy and subsequent surgery for seizure recurrence: a multi-centre cohort study
Authors: Youngerman Brett E , Banu Matei A , Khan Farhan , McKhann Guy M , Schevon Catherine A , Jagid Jonathan R , Cajigas Iahn , Theodotou Christian B , Ko Andrew , Buckley Robert , Ojemann Jeffrey G , Miller John W , Laxton Adrian W , Couture Daniel E , Popli Gautam S , Buch Vivek P , Halpern Casey H , Le Scheherazade , Sharan Ashwini D , Sperling Michael R , Mehta Ashesh D , Englot Dario J , Neimat Joseph S , Konrad Peter E , Sheth Sameer A , Neal Elliot G , Vale Fernando L , Holloway Kathryn L , Air Ellen L , Schwalb Jason M , D’Haese Pierre-François , Wu Chengyuan 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMagnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a minimally invasive alternative to surgical resection for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE). Reported rates of seizure freedom are variable and long-term durability is largely unproven. Anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) remains an option for patients with MRgLITT treatment failure. However, the safety and efficacy of this staged strategy is unknown.MethodsThis multicentre, retrospective cohort study included 268 patients consecutively treated with mesial temporal MRgLITT at 11 centres between 2012 and 2018. Seizure outcomes and complications of MRgLITT and any subsequent surgery are reported. Predictive value of preoperative variables for seizure outcome was assessed.ResultsEngel I seizure freedom was achieved in 55.8% (149/267) at 1 year, 52.5% (126/240) at 2 years and 49.3% (132/268) at the last follow-up ≥1 year (median 47 months). Engel I or II outcomes were achieved in 74.2% (198/267) at 1 year, 75.0% (180/240) at 2 years and 66.0% (177/268) at the last follow-up. Preoperative focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures were independently associated with seizure recurrence. Among patients with seizure recurrence, 14/21 (66.7%) became seizure-free after subsequent ATL and 5/10 (50%) after repeat MRgLITT at last follow-up≥1 year.ConclusionsMRgLITT is a viable treatment with durable outcomes for patients with drug-resistant mTLE evaluated at a comprehensive epilepsy centre. Although seizure freedom rates were lower than reported with ATL, this series represents the early experience of each centre and a heterogeneous cohort. ATL remains a safe and effective treatment for well-selected patients who fail MRgLITT.
Charge transport properties in a novel holographic quantum phase transition model
Authors: Fu Guoyang , Gong Huajie , Liu Peng , Kuang Xiao-Mei , Wu Jian-Pin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe investigate the features of charge transport in a novel holographic quantum phase transition (QPT) model with two metallic phases: normal metallic and novel metallic. The scaling behaviors of direct current (DC) resistivity and thermal conductivity at low temperatures in both metallic phases are numerically computed. The numerical results and the analytical ones governed by the near horizon geometry agree perfectly. Then, the features of low-frequency alternating current (AC) electric conductivity are systematically investigated. A remarkable characteristic is that the normal metallic phase is a coherent system, whereas the novel metallic phase is an incoherent system with non-vanishing intrinsic conductivity. Especially, in the novel metallic phase, the incoherent behavior becomes stronger when the strength of the momentum dissipation enhances.
Dynamic magnetic hysteresis features of a mixed spin (2, 5/2) Ising system on a hexagonal lattice under an oscillating magnetic field within the path probability method
Authors: Gençaslan Mustafa , Keskin Mustafa 
Published: June 2023

Recently, we [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 514 (2020) 167242] presented a study of the dynamic magnetic loop features of molecular-based magnetic materials and ferrimagnetism that were investigated by using a mixed spin 1/2 and spin-1 ferrimagnetic Ising system within the path probability method. We found several interesting dynamic magnetic hysteresis properties and observed that the obtained results are in qualitatively good agreement with some theoretical and experimental studies in magnetic materials. We extended our recent previous published work to study the dynamic magnetic hysteresis properties of molecular-based magnetic materials and ferrimagnetism utilizing the mixed spin (2, 5/2) ferrimagnetic Ising system on a hexagonal lattice employing the path probability method. The spin (2, 5/2) Ising system is one of the most suitable and most used prototypical systems to investigate many molecular-based magnetic materials and ferrimagnetic materials. We found more interesting dynamic magnetic hysteresis properties such as double, triple, quadruple and quintuple loop behaviors for the layer magnetization, and only double and triple loops for the total magnetization. We found that some of our obtained results are in qualitatively good agreement with some theoretical, experimental reported works, and the works on some magnetic materials as obtained by the melt-spinning technique.
Buchdahl-inspired spacetimes and wormholes: Unearthing Hans Buchdahl’s other “hidden” treasure trove
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Ky 
Published: June 2023

Circa 1962 Hans A. Buchdahl pioneered a program — and made significant progress — seeking vacuo configurations in pure [Formula: see text] gravity (H. A. Buchdahl, Nuovo Cimento 23 (1962) 141). Unfortunately, he deemed the final step in his calculations impassable and prematurely suspended his pursuit. Since then, his achievements on this front have faded into dormancy. Unbeknownst to Buchdahl himself, the [Formula: see text] vacua that he sought were within his striking distance. In our recent three-paper body of work published in Nguyen (Phys. Rev. D 106 (2022) 104004; Phys. Rev. D 107 (2023) 104008; Phys. Rev. D 107 (2023) 104009), we broke this six-decades-old impasse and accomplished his goal: A novel class of metrics, describing non-Schwarzschild spacetimes in quadratic gravity and carrying a hallmark of higher-derivative characteristic. Intriguing properties of Buchdahl-inspired spacetimes and their associated Morris–Thorne–Buchdahl wormholes — summarized herein — embody a new branch of phenomenology that transcends the Einstein–Hilbert paradigm. May this unsung legacy of Hans A. Buchdahl long “forsaken” and “forgotten” finally live on Our essay is a passageway bridging the past and the future. The past is rooted in a research program originated but left unfinished by Buchdahl going back threescore years ago. The future is the new horizons his program brings forth. In between is our labor — summarized in a three-installment “Beyond Schwarzschild–de Sitter spacetimes” series[1–3] — to advance the Buchdahl program and achieve his ultimate goal.
Unpredictable Malnutrition and Short-Term Outcomes after Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal (SASI) Bypass in Obese Patients
Authors: Kamal Ayman , El Azawy Mahmoud , Hassan Tarik A. A. 
Published: June 2023

Background/Introduction. The single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass is a novel metabolic/bariatric surgery operation based on minigastric bypass operation and Santoro’s operation. Objectives. The aim of this study is to present the clinical outcomes of SASI bypass as a treatment alternative for patients with morbid obesity. Methods. This study was a prospective follow-up of morbidly obese patients who underwent SASI bypass at Helwan University Hospital between March 1, 2019, and March 2020. The surgical procedure involved sleeve gastrectomy, followed by the anastomosis of the ileum, which was brought and hand-sewn 4 cm length side to side with the antrum, at a distance of 250 cm from the ileocecal valve. The data collected for the study included the resolution of comorbidities, incidence of gallstones, and one-year morbidity. Results. The mean age of the studied patients (n = 30) was 44.13 ± 8.9 years. The mean BMI of the studied patients was 47.3 ± 7.6 kg/ht2. All patients were morbidly obese for an average of 24 years. Postoperatively, 48% of the patients (n = 13) developed gallstones (GS), and the formation of GS was significantly higher in patients with longer durations of obesity (

P

= 0.009) and rapid weight loss. There was a significant decrease in the incidence of GS after 12 months postoperatively (

P

< 0.05). 63% of the patients (n = 19) had malnutrition, and 15 cases required revision due to the fear of further weight loss. Revision and malnutrition were significantly higher among male patients than female patients and among patients with longer durations of obesity (

P

≤ 0.001). Conclusion. The SASI bypass may be an effective bariatric and metabolic surgery that can achieve satisfactory weight loss and improvement in medical comorbidities. However, our study highlights the potential risks of severe malnutrition and unpredictable weight loss; patient selection and duration of obesity may play a role in mitigating these risks.
Safety and Feasibility of Steroid-Eluting Stent as a Bolster in Endoscopic Anterior Skull Base Reconstruction
Authors: Finlay John B. , Issa Khalil , Ackall Feras , Zomorodi Ali , Codd Patrick , Jang David W. , Goldstein Bradley J. , Abi Hachem Ralph 
Published: June 2023

Background: With a rising incidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, endoscopic endonasal CSF leak repair is increasingly performed. Current approaches utilize a variety of materials including free mucosal grafts and vascularized flaps, but post-op leaks continue to be reported. Steroid-eluting bioabsorbable stents (SES) are used during functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis to reduce inflammation and scarring while maintaining patency of sinus ostia. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of SES as a graft/flap bolster for endoscopic endonasal CSF leak repair. Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal CSF leak repair with SES placed as part of the bolster technique at a tertiary care center between January 2019 and May 2022. Age, sex, BMI, comorbid idiopathic intracranial hypertension, pathology, location of CSF leak, intraoperative CSF leak flow, reconstruction type, and presence of post-op CSF leak were recorded. Results: Twelve patients (mean age 52, median BMI 30.9, 58% female) had SES placement as part of the bolster technique. The most common pathology was meningoencephalocele (75%). Reconstruction was performed with either a free mucosal graft (6), or a flap (6). No post-op CSF leaks occurred at a reconstruction site with a stent, and no known complications were reported. All sinusotomies were patent at the last follow-up visit. Conclusions: SES placement as an adjunct to graft and/or flap bolster appears to be safe and feasible during anterior skull base reconstruction and CSF leak repair providing longer term structural support and preserving sinus drainage patency.
Placental Pathology and Its Associations With Clinical Signs in Different Subtypes of Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Dankó István , Kelemen Edit , Tankó András , Cserni Gábor 
Published: June 2023

Objective: We evaluated placental alterations in different subtypes of fetal growth restriction (FGR) to determine any clinical associations. Methods: FGR placentas classified according to the Amsterdam criteria were correlated with clinical findings. Percentage of intact terminal villi and villous capillarization ratio were calculated in each specimen. Correlations of placental histopathology and perinatal outcomes were studied. 61 FGR cases were studied. Results: Early-onset-FGR was more often associated with preeclampsia and recurrence than late-onset-FGR; placentas from early-onset-FGR often had diffuse maternal (or fetal) vascular malperfusion and villitis of unknown etiology. Decreased percentage of intact terminal villi was associated with pathologic CTG. Decreased villous capillarization was associated with early-onset-FGR and birth weight below the second percentile. Avascular villi and infarction were more common when femoral length/abdominal circumference ratio was >0.26, and perinatal outcome was poor in this group. Conclusion: In early-onset-FGR and preeclamptic FGR, altered vascularization of villi may have a key role in pathogenesis, and recurrent FGR is associated with villitis of unknown etiology. There is an association between femoral length/abdominal circumference ratio >0.26 and histopathological alterations of placenta in FGR pregnancies. There are no significant differences in the percentage of intact terminal villi between different FGR subtypes by onset or recurrency.