bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The origin of the energy split in phase‐field fracture and eigenfracture
Authors: Storm Johannes , Kaliske Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe energy splits, which are used in phase‐field fracture and eigenfracture, are frequently motivated by the statement that crack nucleation and crack growth have to be prevented at compression loads. The intention of the article at hand is to show that the energy decomposition is an essential part of such fracture models, and to investigate the underlying problem and its physical interpretation. Finally, a general framework for the derivation of physically motivated energy splits is presented, which is not limited to certain bulk material models.
Canonical Kaiso target genes define a functional signature that associates with breast cancer survival and the invasive lobular carcinoma histological type
Authors: Sijnesael Thijmen , Richard François , Rätze Max AK , Koorman Thijs , Bassey‐Archibong Blessing , Rohof Christa , Daniel Juliet , Desmedt Christine , Derksen Patrick WB 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInvasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a low‐ to intermediate‐grade histological breast cancer type caused by mutational inactivation of E‐cadherin function, resulting in the acquisition of anchorage independence (anoikis resistance). Most ILC cases express estrogen receptors, but options are limited in relapsed endocrine‐refractory disease as ILC tends to be less responsive to standard chemotherapy. Moreover, ILC can relapse after >15 years, an event that currently cannot be predicted. E‐cadherin inactivation leads to p120‐catenin‐dependent relief of the transcriptional repressor Kaiso (ZBTB33) and activation of canonical Kaiso target genes. Here, we examined whether an anchorage‐independent and ILC‐specific transcriptional program correlated with clinical parameters in breast cancer. Based on the presence of a canonical Kaiso‐binding consensus sequence (cKBS) in the promoters of genes that are upregulated under anchorage‐independent conditions, we defined an ILC‐specific anoikis resistance transcriptome (ART). Converting the ART genes into human orthologs and adding published Kaiso target genes resulted in the Kaiso‐specific ART (KART) 33‐gene signature, used subsequently to study correlations with histological and clinical variables in primary breast cancer. Using publicly available data for ERPOSHer2NEG breast cancer, we found that expression of KART was positively associated with the histological ILC breast cancer type (p < 2.7E‐07). KART expression associated with younger patients in all invasive breast cancers and smaller tumors in invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type (IDC‐NST) (<2 cm, p < 6.3E‐10). We observed associations with favorable long‐term prognosis in both ILC (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.29–0.91, p < 3.4E‐02) and IDC‐NST (HR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.66–0.93, p < 1.2E‐04). Our analysis thus defines a new mRNA expression signature for human breast cancer based on canonical Kaiso target genes that are upregulated in E‐cadherin deficient ILC. The KART signature may enable a deeper understanding of ILC biology and etiology. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Bio‐inspired basalt fiber reinforced epoxy laminates with wasted egg shell derived CaCO3 for improved thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Kuila Chinmoy , Maji Animesh , Phadikar Ujjwal , Mallisetty Phani Kumar , Murmu Naresh Chandra , Kuila Tapas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBasalt fiber (BF) reinforced polymer composite containing nanoparticles is an efficient approach to improve the matrix dominated features. The objective of this study is to investigate the static and dynamic mechanical properties of CaCO3 modified epoxy/BF composites. The composite laminates were fabricated through the hand‐layup process. Tensile and bending tests were conducted according to the ASTM D 3039 and ASTM D 790, respectively. The tensile and flexural properties were improved significantly when CaCO3 particles were embedded in the BF/epoxy composites. The tensile strength increased by ~25.05% at 1 wt% loading (B2) of CaCO3. The flexural strength improvement was ~61.3% for the same amount of CaCO3 loading. The viscoelastic as well as the thermal properties were also improved in the B2 composite specimen. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were employed to characterize the fracture surfaces. Therefore, BF reinforced composites combined low manufacturing costs with excellent mechanical and thermal capabilities, making them ideally suited to a variety of engineering applications.Highlights
The calcinated CaCO3 effectively improved the mechanical properties.
The effect of CaCO3 on the thermal behavior of laminates were studied.
Eco‐friendly dispersion process required no solvents.
The effect of the nanoparticles on the interfacial properties were investigated.
Characterization of light‐dependent rhythm of courtship vibrational signals in Nilaparvata lugens: essential involvement of cryptochrome genes
Authors: Wei Qi , Feng Ze‐Lin , Cai Yao D. , He Jia‐Chun , Lai Feng‐Xiang , Wan Pin‐Jun , Wang Wei‐Xia , Yao Qing , Chiu Joanna C. , Fu Qiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDVibrational signal plays a crucial role in courtship communication in many insects. However, it remains unclear whether insect vibrational signals exhibit daily rhythmicity in response to changes in environmental cues.RESULTSIn this study, we observed daily rhythms of both female vibrational signals (FVS) and male vibrational signals (MVS) in the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), one of the most notorious rice pests across Asia. Notably, oscillations of FVS and MVS in paired BPHs were synchronized as part of male–female duetting interactions, displaying significant day‐night rhythmicity. Furthermore, we observed light dependency of FVS emissions under different photoperiodic regimes (18 L:6 D and 6 L:18 D) and illumination intensity levels (>300 lx, 50 lx, and 25 lx). Subsequently, the potential role of circadian clock genes cryptochromes (Nlcry1 and Nlcry2) in regulating FVS daily oscillations was examined using gene knockdown via RNA interference. We observed sharp declines and disrupted rhythms in FVS frequencies when either of the Nlcrys was downregulated, with Nlcry2 knockdown showing a more prominent effect. Moreover, we recorded a novel FVS variant (with a dominant frequency of 361.76 ± 4.31 Hz) emitted by dsNlcry1‐treated BPH females, which significantly diminished the impact of courtship stimuli on receptive males.CONCLUSIONWe observed light‐dependent daily rhythms of substrate‐borne vibrational signals (SBVS) in BPH and demonstrated essential yet distinct roles of the two Nlcrys. These findings enhanced our understanding of insect SBVS and illustrated the potential of novel precision physical control strategies for disrupting mating behaviors in this rice pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
When firms may benefit from sticking with an old technology
Authors: Li Xu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryHow should firms respond to technological discontinuities in order to achieve greater performance? In contrast to most studies that advocate a timely transition from the old to the new technology, this paper posits that in markets where a discontinuous technology exposes customers' latent preference heterogeneity for certain old technology attributes, firms may ultimately experience a performance surge by adhering to the old technology during technological change. Explicitly, I theorize a U‐shaped relationship within such a market between competitors' increasing adoption of the new technology and the performance of firms that stick with the old technology. This prediction is thoroughly examined using comprehensive data from the traditional Chinese medicine industry in China during the 1990s and receives robust empirical support.Managerial SummaryIn some markets, the rise of a discontinuous technology, besides posing a substitute threat to the old technology, further exposes niche segments where customers continue to favor the old technology. This paper predicts that within such a market, as competitors increasingly adopt the new technology for varied motives, firms sticking with the old technology may see their performance declining before rebounding and potentially reaching new heights. Analyses using archival data from the traditional Chinese medicine industry in China during the 1990s provide robust support for this prediction. The arguments and findings of this paper offer an “existence proof” that when confronted with a technological discontinuity, adhering to the old technology may also represent an effective strategy that ultimately improves firm performance.
Solution‐Processed Heterojunction Photodiodes Based on WSe2 Nanosheet Networks
Authors: Liu Shixin , Carey Tian , Munuera Jose , Synnatschke Kevin , Kaur Harneet , Coleman Emmet , Doolan Luke , Coleman Jonathan N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolution‐processed photodetectors incorporating liquid‐phase‐exfoliated transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets are widely reported. However, previous studies mainly focus on the fabrication of photoconductors, rather than photodiodes which tend to be based on heterojunctions and are harder to fabricate. Especially, there are rare reports on introducing commonly used transport layers into heterojunctions based on nanosheet networks. In this study, a reliable solution‐processing method is reported to fabricate heterojunction diodes with tungsten selenide (WSe2) nanosheets as the optical absorbing material and PEDOT: PSS and ZnO as injection/transport‐layer materials. By varying the transport layer combinations, the obtained heterojunctions show rectification ratios of up to ≈104 at ±1 V in the dark, without relying on heavily doped silicon substrates. Upon illumination, the heterojunction can be operated in both photoconductor and photodiode modes and displays self‐powered behaviors at zero bias.
Coulombic Efficiency for Practical Zinc Metal Batteries: Critical Analysis and Perspectives
Authors: Wu Zhenrui , Li Yihu , Liu Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate change and energy depletion are common worries of this century. During the global clean energy transition, aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) are expected to meet societal needs due to their large‐scale energy storage capability with earth‐abundant, non‐flammable, and economical chemistries. However, the poor reversibility of Zn poses a severe challenge to AZMB implementation. Coulombic efficiency (CE) is a quantitative index of electrode reversibility in rechargeable batteries but is not well understood in AZMBs. Thus, in this work, the state‐of‐art CE to present the status quo of AZMB development is summarized. A fictional 120 Wh kg−1 AZMB pouch cell is also proposed and evaluated revealing the improvement room and technical goal of AZMB chemistry. Despite some shared mechanisms between AZMBs and lithium metal batteries, misconceptions prevalent in AZMBs are clarified. Essentially, AZMB has its own niche in the market with unique merits and demerits. By incorporating academic and industrial insights, the development pathways of AZMB are suggested.
Research progress on sustainability of key tire materials
Authors: Deng Sai , Chen Ruixin , Duan Shiyu , Jia Qingxiu , Hao Xinmin , Zhang Liqun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, countries worldwide have engaged actively in the research and development of green and sustainable materials in the face of the increasing depletion of petroleum resources, the need to reduce material waste, and the environmental pollution caused by the various types of waste. In the tire industry, the key materials for the various components of tires are mostly dependent on petroleum resources. Development of green tires and green processing technologies using sustainable materials is an important development direction for the future of the tire industry, and many tire‐manufacturing companies have proposed their visions for the development of eco‐friendly tires. Rubber, cord fabric, and additives are the main materials used in tire manufacturing. This article summarizes the research status of the green materials that can meet the requirements of environmental friendliness and sustainability, replace traditional materials, and reduce petroleum resource consumption in existing tire production. These materials mainly include natural rubber or bio‐based synthetic rubber, green renewable cord fabrics, and green processing additives. The prospects for the application of these new green materials in tire manufacturing are also discussed.
A promising modified polyvinyl chloride for adsorption of boron: Preparation, adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Younis Huda M. , Mohamed Amal A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new promising N‐methyl‐D‐glucamine modified polyvinyl chloride via methyl glycinate linker (PVC‐MG‐NMDG) was designed to extract boron from tourmaline ore from the Sikait area in the South Eastern Desert of Egypt, which assays 10.43% B2O3. Specifications for PVC‐MG‐NMDG composite were executed successfully utilizing sundry approaches, such as FT‐IR, XPS, GC–MS, TGA, BET, EDX, 13C‐NMR, 1H‐NMR, ICP‐OES, and XRD, which assure an acceptable synthesis of PVC‐MG‐NMDG. Optimized factors like pH, agitation time, primary boron concentration, composite dose, co‐ions, eluting agents, and temperature have been improved. At ambient temperature, pH 9, 10 min of agitation, and 0.0138 mol/L boron ions (150 ppm), the PVC‐MG‐NMDG composite has a 25 mg/g maximal uptake. The extraction‐distribution isotherm modeling suggests that the Langmuir model, with a theoretical value of 25.38 mg/g, more closely matches the practical value of 25 mg/g than the Freundlich model. The adsorption kinetics of boron ions by PVC‐MG‐NMDG were predicted with high accuracy using a pseudo‐second order kinetic model, yielding a theoretical retention capacity of 27.93 mg/g. The extraction process was predicted, as shown by thermodynamic calculations, exothermic, spontaneous, and optimal extraction at low temperature; the thermodynamic factors controlling ΔS (−0.04 kJ/mol), ΔH (−13.74 kJ/mol), and ∆G values rise from −1.82 kJ/mol at 298 K to −0.19 kJ/mol at 338 K. Boron ions can be eluted from the overloaded composite by 0.5 M H2SO4 with a 95% efficiency rate. It was established that PVC‐MG‐NMDG composite reveals a worthy separation factor to most co‐ions and gives a good separation power. Boric acid with a boron content of 17.23% and purity of 98.56% can be obtained through alkali fusion with NaOH flux and subsequent adsorption using a PVC‐MG‐NMDG composite.Highlights
A New modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC‐MG‐NMDG) was successfully prepared.
The characteristics of new composite were verified via different techniques.
The new composite reached its maximum boron absorption of 25 mg/g at 25°C.
The extraction as an exothermic, spontaneous process at low temperature.
The new composite has been applied to a real sample of Sikait tourmaline ore.
A review of ENSO teleconnections at present and under future global warming
Authors: Alizadeh Omid 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major component of the Earth's climate that largely influences global climate variability through long‐distance teleconnections. Rossby wave trains emerging from the tropical convection and their propagation into extratropical regions are the key mechanism for tropical and extratropical teleconnections. Despite significant progress in the understanding of ENSO teleconnections over the recent past decades, several important issues have remained to be addressed. The global atmospheric teleconnections of ENSO vary substantially with the seasonal cycle, on the decadal timescale, and under the influence of global warming. It is essential to separate the internal decadal variability of ENSO teleconnections from changes caused by the external forcing of global warming. However, the post‐satellite observations are not long enough to compose a large number of ENSO events to distinguish the decadal variability of ENSO teleconnections from changes related to increasing greenhouse concentrations. The current climate models also suffer from common biases, such that they are unable to properly reproduce both the tropical mean state and some features of ENSO. Nevertheless, observational records can be extended back in time via reconstruction methods. Efforts have also already been made to remove some main common biases of climate models and to improve the representation of ENSO characteristics. The reliable reconstructed data along with a large number of ensemble members of the improved climate model simulations can be applied to advance our understanding of ENSO global teleconnections and their responses to internal decadal variability and externally forced global warming.This article is categorized under:
Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change
Climate Models and Modeling > Earth System Models
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change
Current technological options for recycling packaging waste: Challenges and opportunities in India
Authors: Hossain Rumana , Ghinangju Bikesh Shrestha , Biswal Smitirupa , Schandl Heinz , Sahajwalla Veena 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPackaging in India comprises around 59% of total plastic consumption, with most of the waste originating from single‐use and short shelf‐life products. The plastic recycling industry is primarily made up of informal processing units which have predominantly been recycling Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste due to ease of availability, sorting, and higher upscale values than most other single‐use packaging. Other packaging, such as Polyethylene (PE) shopping bags, thin film and multi‐material packaging waste is either directed to downcycling, incineration or landfill. About 94% of total recycling in India is carried out through mechanical recycling, which comes through informal and fragmented recycling units. Most of the recycling units in India rely on rudimentary technologies. One example is a visual sorting system that involves manual handling to recycle plastic waste, which is resource and time intensive. There has been some advancement towards chemical and energy recovery techniques, but mostly been limited to pilot‐scale deployment. This article explores the existing and emerging technological options suitable for recycling post‐consumer flexible plastic packaging waste in India. It also discusses the status of multi‐material packaging waste, and the advancement being made for its recycling. The paper also explores India's increased momentum in the use of innovative recycling techniques, such as distributed recycling and manufacturing techniques and plastic waste in steel manufacturing.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Ecosystem Services
Climate and Environment > Circular Economy
Emerging Technologies > Materials
Nanofluid turbulent flow inside a duct equipped with disturber with new shape
Authors: Almohsen Bandar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo intensify the productivity of solar systems, researchers utilized a perforated tape with obstacles in a circular tube filled with nanomaterial. ANSYS FLUENT was used to simulate the results, combining K‐ε approach and a homogeneous approach for the nanomaterial. Grid size was optimized to reduce computation costs, and the accuracy of the simulation was verified using previously published data. The simulations considered the height of the disturber and the revolution as parameters. The insertion of the disturber increases the impingement with the wall, resulting in a colder outer wall. Although the use of the tape increases convection, resistance with the wall also increases. Therefore, a perforated tape shape was used with obstacles to intensify rotational velocity. Increasing the height and number of revolutions can enhance velocity by 4.58% and 7.04%, respectively. Meanwhile, as the values of N and Re increase, the temperature decreases by 2.1% and 0.11%, respectively.
Exploring models with modular symmetry in neutrino oscillation experiments
Authors: Mishra Priya , Behera Mitesh Kumar , Panda Papia , Ghosh Monojit , Mohanta Rukmani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Our study aims to investigate the viability of neutrino mass models that arise from discrete non-Abelian modular symmetry groups, i.e., ΓN with (N = 1, 2, 3, . . . ) in the future neutrino experiments T2HK, DUNE, and JUNO. Modular symmetry reduces the usage of flavon fields compared to the conventional discrete flavor symmetry models. Theories based on modular symmetries predict the values of leptonic mixing parameters, and therefore, these models can be tested in future neutrino experiments. In this study, we consider three models based on the A4 modular symmetry, i.e., Model-A, B, and C such a way that they predict different values of the oscillation parameters but still allowed with respect to the current data. In the future, it is expected that T2HK, DUNE, and JUNO will measure the neutrino oscillation parameters very precisely, and therefore, some of these models can be excluded in the future by these experiments. We have estimated the prediction of these models numerically and then used them as input to scrutinize these models in the neutrino experiments. Assuming the future best-fit values of θ23 and δCP remain the same as the current one, our results show that at 5σ C.L, Model-A can be excluded by T2HK whereas Model-B can be excluded by both T2HK and DUNE. Model-C cannot be excluded by T2HK and DUNE at 5σ C.L. Further; our results show that JUNO alone can exclude Model-B at an extremely high confidence level if the future best-fit of θ12 remains at the current-one. We have also identified the region in the θ23 - δCP parameter space, for which Model-A cannot be separated from Model-B in T2HK and DUNE.
Conformal multi-Regge theory
Authors: Costa Miguel S. , Gonçalves Vasco , Salgarkar Aaditya , Boas João Vilas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We propose and explore the Regge limit for correlation functions of five local primary operators in conformal field theories. After reviewing some features of Regge theory for flat-space scattering amplitudes, we analyze the analytic structure of conformal blocks both in position and Mellin space in the Regge limit and propose an extension of conformal Regge theory for five-point functions. As a byproduct of our analysis we also introduce a new basis of three-point correlation functions for operators with spin and the associated Euclidean conformal blocks.
Higher Polynomial Identities for Mutations of Associative Algebras
Authors: Bremner Murray R. , Brox Jose , Sánchez-Ortega Juana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study polynomial identities satisfied by the mutation product $$xpy - yqx$$

x
p
y
-
y
q
x

on the underlying vector space of an associative algebra A, where p, q are fixed elements of A. We simplify known results for identities in degree 4, proving that only two identities are necessary and sufficient to generate them all; in degree 5, we show that adding one new identity suffices; in degree 6, we demonstrate the existence of a significant number of new identities, which induce us to conjecture that the variety generated by mutation algebras of associative algebras is not finitely based.