bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pointlike Sources among z > 11 Galaxy Candidates: Contaminants due to Supernovae at High Redshifts?
Authors: Yan Haojing , Wang Lifan , Ma Zhiyuan , Hu Lei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The recent searches for z > 11 galaxies using the James Webb Space Telescope have resulted in an unexpectedly high number of candidate objects, which imply at least 1 order of magnitude higher number density of z > 11 galaxies than the previously favored predictions. A question has risen whether there are some new types of contaminants among these candidates. The candidate sample of Yan et al., totaling 87 dropouts, is the largest one, and we notice that a number of these candidates are pointlike. We hypothesize that the point-source dropouts could be supernovae at high redshifts. Further investigation shows that most of their spectral energy distributions indeed can be explained by supernovae at various redshifts from z ∼ 1 to 15, which lends support to this hypothesis. Attributing such point-source dropouts to supernova contamination cannot eliminate the tension, however, because they only account for ∼10% of the Yan et al. sample. On the other hand, the discovery of “contaminant” supernovae at z > 3 will have a series of important implications. Ironically, the existence of supernovae at z > 10 would still imply that the previously favored picture of early galaxy formation severely underestimates the global star formation rate density such redshifts. Multiple-epoch JWST imaging will be the simplest and yet the most efficient way to further test this hypothesis.
Report of two distinct ribotypes in ITS sequences of Phalaris arundinacea (Poaceae) in western Canada and Alaska
Authors: Percy Diana , Cronk Quentin 
Published: April 2023

Phalaris arundinacea L. (reed canary grass) is a widely occurring grass throughout the Northern Hemisphere. In North America, it is thought to consist of introduced agricultural forms from Europe as well as native populations.
During a survey of Phalaris arundinacea in western Canada, we discovered two distinct ribotypes in the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA: one full length (ITS-long) and one with a seven base pair deletion (ITS-short). In addition, ITS-long plants have fixed heterozygosity indicating possible polyploidy. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that ITS-short is a unique ribotype that characterises an intraspecific clade. We designed an efficient PCR-based assay that allows sizing of a 238/245 base pair fragment in a capillary sequencer. This approach provides a novel marker that could be useful in future surveys of Phalaris arundinacea.
Theoretical Relationship Between the Anterior-Posterior Corneal Curvature Ratio, Keratometric Index, and Estimated Total Corneal Power
Authors: Gatinel Damien , Debellemanière Guillaume , Saad Alain , Rampat Radhika 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To predict the relationships between the keratometric index value that would match the total Gaussian corneal power and its related variables: anterior and posterior radii of curvature of the cornea, anterior-posterior corneal radius ratio (APR), and central corneal thickness.

Methods:
The relationship between the APR and the keratometric index was approximated by calculating the analytical expression for the theoretical value of the keratometric index, which would make the keratometric power of the cornea equal to the total paraxial Gaussian power of the cornea.

Results:
The study of the impact of variations in the radius of anterior and posterior curvature and central corneal thickness showed that the difference between exact and approximated best-matching theoretical keratometric index was less than 0.001 for all of the performed simulations. This translated to a variation in the total corneal power estimation of less than ±0.128 diopters. After refractive surgery, the estimated optimal keratometric index value is a function of the preoperative anterior keratometry, the preoperative APR, and the delivered correction. The larger the magnitude of myopic corrections, the greater the increase in postoperative APR value.

Conclusions:
It is possible to estimate the most compatible value of the keratometric index that allows simulated keratometric power to equal the total Gaussian corneal power. The obtained equations enable the evaluation of the impact of corneal variables such as the APR on the ideal keratometric index value. The use of 1.3375 for the keratometric index results in an overestimation of the total corneal power in most clinical situations.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(4):266–272.]
Comparison of Refractive Outcomes and Optical Zone Decentration After SMILE Between Patients With Symmetrical and Asymmetrical High Astigmatism
Authors: Yu Na , Hou Xiangtao , Luo Yiqi , Chen Xi , Zhuang Jing , Yu Keming 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To compare the refractive outcomes and optical zone decentration between patients with symmetrical and asymmetrical high astigmatism after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods:
This was a prospective analysis of 89 patients (152 eyes) with myopia and astigmatism of more than 2.00 diopters (D) treated with the SMILE procedure. There were 69 eyes with asymmetrical topographies (asymmetrical astigmatism group) and 83 eyes with symmetrical topographies (symmetrical astigmatism group). Decentralization values were assessed using the tangential curvature difference map preoperatively and 6 months after surgery. Decentration, visual refractive outcomes, and induced changes in corneal wavefront aberrations were compared between the two groups 6 months postoperatively.

Results:

Both groups achieved favorable visual and refractive outcomes, with a mean postoperative cylinder of −0.22 ± 0.23 and −0.20 ± 0.21 D in the asymmetrical and symmetrical astigmatism groups, respectively. In addition, visual and refractive outcomes and induced changes in corneal aberrations were comparable between the asymmetrical and symmetrical astigmatism groups (all
P
> .05). However, the total and vertical decentration in the asymmetrical astigmatism group was greater than that in the symmetrical astigmatism group (all
P
< .05), whereas no significant differences were found in the values of horizontal decentration between the two groups (
P
> .05). There was a weak positive correlation between induced total corneal higher order aberrations and total decentration (
r
= 0.267,
P
= .026) in the asymmetrical astigmatism group but not in the symmetrical astigmatism group (
r
= 0.210,
P
= .056).

Conclusions:
An asymmetrical corneal surface might affect treatment centration after SMILE. Subclinical decentration may be associated with the induction of total higher order aberrations, but it did not affect high astigmatic correction or induced corneal aberrations.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(4):273–280.]
On the effective, nef, and semi-ample monoids of blowups of Hirzebruch surfaces at collinear points
Authors: de la Rosa-Navarro Brenda Leticia , Frías-Medina Juan Bosco , Lahyane Mustapha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to determine the geometry of a class of smooth projective rational surfaces whose minimal models are the Hirzebruch ones; concretely, they are obtained as the blowup of a Hirzebruch surface at collinear points. Explicit descriptions of their effective monoids are given, and we present a decomposition for every effective class. Such decomposition is used to confirm the effectiveness of some divisor classes when the Riemann–Roch theorem does not give information about their effectiveness. Furthermore, we study the nef divisor classes on such surfaces. We provide an explicit description for their nef monoids, and, moreover, we present a decomposition for every nef class. On the other hand, we prove that these surfaces satisfy the anticanonical orthogonal property. As a consequence, the surfaces are Harbourne–Hirschowitz and their Cox rings are finitely generated. Finally, we prove that the complete linear system associated with any nef divisor is base-point-free; thus, the semi-ample and nef monoids coincide. The base field is assumed to be algebraically closed of arbitrary characteristic.
Okul Öncesi Çocukların Sağlık Eğitimini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: SABAZ Nagihan , YİĞİT Rana 
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma, okul öncesi eğitime devam eden 3-6 yaş dönemindeki çocukların sağlık eğitimini etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı desendeki araştırma, Nisan-Haziran 2017 tarihleri arasında Mersin ilinde bulunan dört farklı devlet anaokulunda gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmaya bu okullarda okul öncesi eğitim alan, 3-6 yaş grubundaki 366 çocuğun annesi katıldı. Veriler Bilgi Formu ve okul öncesi çocuklar için Sağlık Eğitimi Ölçeği ile toplandı.
Bulgular: Okul öncesi çocukların %45.9’unun altı yaşında, %53.3’ünün erkek ve 44.8’inin bir yıldır okul öncesi eğitime devam ettiği, annelerin ise %27.3’ünün lise ve dengi okul mezunu olduğu saptandı. Ailelerin %84.7’sinin 1-3 arasında değişen sayıda çocuğu olduğu belirlendi. Çocuğun cinsiyeti, okul öncesi eğitime devam etme süresi ve yaşı Sağlık Eğitimi Ölçeği’nin kişisel güvenlik ve ilkyardım alt grubu puan ortalamaları üzerinde etkili olduğu belirlendi (p< .05). Cinsiyet ve ailedeki çocuk sayısının temizlik ve özbakım (p< .05); annenin öğrenim düzeyinin ise ruh sağlığı ve sosyal ilişkiler alt grup puan ortalamaları üzerinde anlamlı olarak farklılaştığı belirlendi (p< .05).
Sonuç: Okul öncesi dönemden itibaren çocukların sağlık eğitimi ihtiyaçlarının düzenli olarak izlenmesi ve ebeveynlerin sağlığı geliştirmek için yapılacak uygulamaların bir parçası olması sağlıkta güçlendirmeyi teşvik edebilir.
Implementasi Metode Rapid Application Development pada website profil (Studi Kasus Program Studi Administrasi Server dan Jaringan Komputer)
Authors: M. Nur Fuad  , M. Mujiono  
Published: April 2023

Objektif. Pembuatan website profil program studi Administrasi Server dan Jaringan Komputer bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi kepada pengunjung, selain itu website profil juga bisa digunakan sebagai media promosi program studi.
Material and Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rapid Application Development, untuk materialnya menggunakan framework boostrap dengan tinymce.
Hasil. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian blackbox untuk fungsionalitas sesuai dengan desain yang telah dilakukan.
Kesimpulan. Website Profil Program studi Administrasi Server dan Jaringan Komputer dapat diakses dan dimanfaatkan oleh pengunjung. Untuk mendukung perkembangan website perlu adanya pengelolaan dan perbaharuan isi dan informasi secara berkala, sehingga lebih bermanfaat bagi pengunjung.
MEMBANGUN INGATAN INSTITUSIONAL: ARSIP KELEMBAGAAN DI DALAM ORGANISASI SENI
Authors: Putri Kiki Rizky Soetisna 
Published: April 2023

Documenting institutional archives in an art institution is rarely the main discussion. So far, institutional archives have only been assessed in terms of an administrative nature, but in fact, this documentation can be a way to build institutional memories. This paper is an overview of a workshop on institutional archiving in an art organization held at the Asia Art Archive, Hong Kong from 23 to 25 May 2019. The workshop was attended by various art organizations in the Asian region. Furthermore, this paper will use an analytical-qualitative approach to describe archives and institutional archives, management, success parameters, and preservation problems faced, especially for the Asian region which is very unfavorable climatically for several archive mediums. In closing, this paper will link with one of the archiving projects carried out in The Aesthetics & The Sciences of Art Research Group (ASARG), Faculty of Art and Design, ITB called CIVAS (Center for Indonesian Visual Art Studies).
keywords: institutional archiving, institutional memory, art organizations, Indonesian visual art
Pravidlá: spoločnosť, jazyk a racionalita
Authors: Koreň Ladislav 
Published: April 2023

This critical review focuses on the topic of cooperation and rules discussed in the book by Jaroslav Peregrin: Človek a pravidla [Man and Rules] (Praha: Dokořán 2011). Except of an extensive excurse into the structure of Peregrin's main ideas and arguments, it aims to provide a systematic analysis of some central issues in this interdisciplinary theoretical field, while discussing some elements of Peregrin's specific approach. In particular, it will be argued that Peregrin's preferred conception of rule - as propositional knowledge to the effect that something ought to be (or ought not to be) a certain way - cannot serve well his purposes, if Peregrin is to keep his evolutionary perspective on rules.
O technických obrazech v sociálních vědách
Authors: Šimůnek Michal 
Published: April 2023

The review article of the anthology David ČENĚK – Tereza PO- RYBNÁ (eds.), Vizuální antropologie – kultura žitá a viděná [Visual Anthro- pology – Culture Experienced and Seen]. Pavel Mervart: Červený Kostelec 2010, 332 pp., identifies several tendencies that shape the role of technical images in the contemporary social sciences. The first part of the review sums up the content of the anthology and contextualize it within the debates in visual social sciences. Subsequently, it discusses mainly three following issues: the critique of the subject-object relation and the proposals for its transformation; the emergence of the so-called participatory methods; and the claims for the produc- tion of outside-text representations and the constitution of shared anthropology. The article proceeds by the following order: first it describes and illustrates an issue as it is dealt with in the reviewed anthology and then it outlines the broader discussions within social sciences. Finally, the review article focuses on the consequences of digitization and hypermedialization for the discussed issues.
Kewenangan Diskresi Kepolisian Dalam Penghentian Penyidikan
Authors: Lingga Michael Ken , Saptenno Marthinus Johanes , Pasalbessy John Dirk 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Discretionary authority is the authority possessed by the police as mandated by law to carry out their duties, especially in responding to social phenomena in society.Purposes of the Research: This study aims to determine the form of the exercise of discretionary authority in the termination of an investigation, and what are the implications of the exercise of discretionary authority in the act of terminating an investigation.Methods of the Research: This study uses a normative legal research method, which aims to determine the form of the exercise of discretionary authority in the termination of an investigation, and what are the implications of the exercise of discretionary authority in the act of stopping an investigation.Results of the Research: The discretionary authority of the police in stopping investigations is the authority given as compensation for government duties carried out by investigators.
Perception and Attitude about Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Caregivers of the Mentally Challenged in Ebonyi State: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nwoke Esther , Agbapuonwu Noreen 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: Mental health issues pose a great challenge to healthcare systems especially in developing countries, and having 35% global burden of sickness/disability, Nigeria shares 13% of it. Individuals, both the victims and relatives desperately try all they can to treat this condition. Informal caregivers including family members and friends play a major role in seeking help and choosing treatment regimen and most of them choose complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). CAM is popular in treating chronic illnesses including mental conditions in sub-Saharan African as stated by WHO. This study displayed both positive and negative perception and attitude of informal caregivers about CAM use for mental health challenges, characteristics of users, types and outcomes of use.
Methodology: The study is a quantitative, cross sectional study carried out from 15th February to 15th of November 2022, using self-structured questionnaires. Of 389 questionnaires administered, 381 copies were returned and properly filled (97.5% response). The informal caregivers of the mentally challenged were recruited using convenience sampling method. The participants have mean age and standard deviation of 33.5+/- 8.6years, whose mentally challenged relatives had used CAM for the past 12 months and some current users. The questionnaires included information on socio-demographic data, perception and attitude about CAM use, types in use, and outcomes of use. SPSS versions 25, student test, ANOVA, among others, were used to compare perception and attitude about use of CAM and socio-demographic data of the caregivers. 92% participants confirmed that their mentally challenged relatives use some forms of CAM in treatment. The therapies used included herbal drugs, spiritual intervention, and alternative medical system (homeopathic medicine).
Findings: The result revealed both positive and negative perception and attitude about CAM use and most caregivers could not identify any good effects of these therapies but still use them. The findings also showed that some socio-demographic factors affect CAM use. They noted that CAM use alone cannot cure, but also complicate mental illness.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: It was concluded that research on effectiveness and safety of each CAM will help improve mental healthcare.
Empathy Among Adolescents Concerning Food Allergies of Their Peers
Authors: Warrior Sharon , Orrego Jamela 
Published: April 2023

Food allergies can be defined as having physical reaction(s) to any consumed substance, including anaphylaxis, hives, and nausea. Although many adolescents have food allergies, it was not clear how their peers felt about it or if their awareness impacted their empathy levels. Previous research primarily focused on the scientific aspects of food allergies and how they impact those who possess them. Thus, a study was conducted based off the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), an established questionnaire that measures empathy, to determine empathy levels among adolescents about their peers’ food allergies across four subscales: Perspective-Taking (PD), Fantasy (FS), Empathic Concern (EC), and Personal Distress (PD). The questions were altered to measure only empathy levels regarding allergies and were divided into two sections so that empathy was measured before and after factual allergy information was presented to the participants. The survey was distributed among classrooms and social media platforms to adolescents ages 14-19. The responses indicate overall empathy scores experienced a slight decrease from 3.375 to 3 (neutral) after the information was presented. However, when a Chi-square analysis was conducted, and 0.357 < 7.815 (critical value), indicating the decrease was not significant. The findings demonstrate that a paragraph of information is not sufficient as it does not stimulate a significant change in empathy among adolescents regarding their peers’ food allergies. Further studies regarding the extent of external empathy influences should be conducted to determine if more exposure is needed to increase empathy.
Conhecimento etnobotânico no quilombo do Castainho, Garanhuns – Pernambuco
Authors: Nunes Alissandra Trajano , Lima Roberta Santos de 
Published: April 2023

As comunidades quilombolas estão distribuídas em todo território brasileiro, vivendo de atividades de subsistência como agricultura e pecuária. O estudo dessas populações contribui para o registro dos saberes, da cultura e biodiversidade associada. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o conhecimento sobre a diversidade de plantas úteis do Castainho, Garanhuns – Pernambuco. A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, associada a técnica da turnê-guiada que consiste em coletar as espécies citadas com ajuda de um especialista local. Após coleta as plantas, foram secas em estufa a 40ºC, preparadas em exsicatas e levadas para identificação. Os dados das entrevistas foram categorizados no Excel. Análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software Bioestat 5.3. Como resultado, 64 pessoas participaram entre homens (25%) e mulheres (75%). A faixa etária dos informantes variou de 18 a 91 anos, com maior frequência na faixa de 47 a 57, idade em que houve maior número de citações. Foram registradas 158 etnoespécies dispostas em 68 famílias botânicas compostas por espécies nativas (40%) e exóticas (60%) indicadas principalmente como alimento e medicinal. A fragmentação territorial da comunidade e a expansão imobiliária no seu entorno são fatores associados localmente a redução da diversidade, o que pode justificar o menor índice de plantas nativas. A falta de interesse entre os mais jovens e o esquecimento relatado pelos idosos podem comprometer a transmissão do conhecimento. As mulheres possuem forte participação na manutenção das práticas tradicionais Elas constituem um caminho para fortalecer as relações bioculturais no Castainho.
Many Hands Working Together: Adapting Hospital Care to Support Autistic Children’s Mental Health
Authors: Mahoney Wanda J. , Abraham Gifty , Villacrusis Minerva 
Published: April 2023

AbstractImportance: Hospitals pose a threat to autistic children’s mental health. Adapting hospitals to meet children’s needs can address this issue.Objective: To determine the impact of an interprofessional program (Adaptive Care) to support autistic children’s mental health on nursing staff’s knowledge, efficacy, and confidence.Design: Pretest–posttest, quasi-experimental design.Setting: Large pediatric hospital.Participants: Nursing staff were the first participants in the program implementation. Approximately 300 nursing staff received training through the program, and 107 completed program evaluation surveys. Of these, 18 nursing staff completed both the pretest and posttest surveys approximately 1 yr apart.Intervention: Occupational therapy practitioners and other professionals developed and implemented the program, which consists of staff training and resources to adapt hospital physical and social environments and to ultimately improve patients’ hospital experiences.Outcomes and Measures: Researcher-developed, pilot-tested, online survey to assess knowledge, perceived effectiveness, confidence, and strategies that staff used while caring for autistic children in the hospital.Results: Respondents had increased effectiveness and confidence working with autistic children in the hospital after program implementation. Respondents reported significantly more strategies to care for autistic children.Conclusions and Relevance: Interprofessional collaboration and programming can positively affect social environments in the hospital by enhancing nursing staff’s self-efficacy, confidence, and strategies to support mental health and to enhance health care for autistic children.What This Article Adds: The Adaptive Care program is an example of occupational therapy practitioners and other interprofessional team members adapting physical and social health care environments to support autistic children’s mental health. This program was effective at increasing nursing staff’s self-efficacy, confidence, and strategies while caring for autistic children in the hospital.Positionality Statement: This article uses the identity-first language autistic people. This nonableist language describes their strengths and abilities and is a conscious decision. This language is favored by autistic communities and self-advocates and has been adopted by health care professionals and researchers (Bottema-Beutel et al., 2021; Kenny et al., 2016).