bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atorvastatin liposomes in a 3D-printed polymer film: a repurposing approach for local treatment of oral candidiasis
Authors: Nour Eman M. , El-Habashy Salma E. , Shehat Michael G. , Essawy Marwa M. , El-Moslemany Riham M. , Khalafallah Nawal M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOral candidiasis (OC) is an opportunistic fungal infection, common amongst the elderly and the immunocompromised. Unfortunately, the therapeutic efficacy of common antifungals is imperiled by the rise of antifungal drug resistance. An alternative promising therapeutic option possibly contributing to antifungal therapy is drug repurposing. Herein, we aimed to employ novel pharmaceutical drug delivery for enhancing the emerging antifungal potential of the hypocholesterolemic drug atorvastatin (ATV). ATV-propylene-glycol-liposomes (ATV/PG-Lip) were prepared then integrated in 3D-printed (3DP) mucoadhesive films comprising chitosan, polyvinyl-alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, as an innovative blend, for the management of OC. ATV/PG-Lip demonstrated good colloidal properties of particle size (223.3 ± 2.1 nm), PDI (0.12 ± 0.001) and zeta potential (-18.2 ± 0.3 mV) with high entrapment efficiency (81.15 ± 1.88%) and sustained drug release. Also, ATV/PG-Lip showed acceptable three-month colloidal stability and in vitro cytocompatibility on human gingival fibroblasts. The developed 3DP-films exhibited controlled ATV release (79.4 ± 1.4% over 24 h), reasonable swelling and mucoadhesion (2388.4 ± 18.4 dyne/cm2). In vitro antifungal activity of ATV/PG-Lip was confirmed against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans via minimum inhibitory concentration determination, time-dependent antifungal activity, agar diffusion and scanning electron microscopy. Further, ATV/PG-Lip@3DP-film exceeded ATV@3DP-film in amelioration of infection and associated inflammation in an in vivo oral candidiasis rabbit model. Accordingly, the results confirm the superiority of the fabricated ATV/PG-Lip@3DP-film for the management of oral candidiasis and tackling antifungal resistance.
Graphical abstract
HRCTNet: a hybrid network with high-resolution representation for object detection in UAV image
Authors: Xing Wenjie , Cui Zhenchao , Qi Jing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObject detection in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images has attracted the increasing attention of researchers in recent years. However, it is challenging for small object detection using conventional detection methods because less location and semantic information are extracted from the feature maps of UAV images. To remedy this problem, three new feature extraction modules are proposed in this paper to refine the feature maps for small objects in UAV images. Namely, Small-Kernel-Block (SKBlock), Large-Kernel-Block (LKBlock), and Conv-Trans-Block (CTBlock), respectively. Based on these three modules, a novel backbone called High-Resolution Conv-Trans Network (HRCTNet) is proposed. Additionally, an activation function Acon is deployed in our network to reduce the possibility of dying ReLU and remove redundant features. Based on the characteristics of extreme imbalanced labels in UAV image datasets, a loss function Ployloss is adopted to train HRCTNet. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed HRCTNet, corresponding experiments have been conducted on several datasets. On VisDrone dataset, HRCTNet achieves 49.5% on AP50 and 29.1% on AP, respectively. As on COCO dataset, with limited FLOPs, HRCTNet achieves 37.9% on AP and 24.1% on APS. The experimental results demonstrate that HRCTNet outperforms the existing methods for object detection in UAV images.
Governance of university continuing education in Germany. A scoping review of research in a game-changing area
Authors: Rohs Matthias , Heinbach Gesa , Tokarski Bianca Maria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe governance of academic continuing education is an area of research that has received little attention to date. On the one hand, this may be related to the fact that it plays a minor role as a “third mission” area at universities. On the other hand, governance mechanisms in higher education are necessarily closely linked to its political, financial, and contextual characteristics, which require differentiation from educational governance more broadly. Based on a scoping review, the existing research on the governance of university-based continuing education in the German higher education system has been systematically prepared using a multi-level model. This shows a comprehensive view across all levels, which makes use of broad theoretical references and is qualitatively oriented in terms of research methodology.
Faculty members’ use of artificial intelligence to grade student papers: a case of implications
Authors: Kumar Rahul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the case of an adjunct university professor to illustrate the dilemma of using artificial intelligence (AI) technology to grade student papers. The hypothetical case discusses the benefits of using a commercial AI service to grade student papers—including discretion, convenience, pedagogical merits of consistent feedback for students, and advances made in the field that yield high-quality work—all of which are achieved quickly. Arguments against using AI to grade student papers involve cost, privacy, legality, and ethics. The paper discusses career implications for faculty members in both situations and concludes with implications for researchers within the discourse on academic integrity.
Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped activated carbon nanosheets for high-performance coin cell supercapacitor device with outstanding cycle stability
Authors: Uppugalla Susmitha , Pothu Ramyakrishna , Boddula Rajender , Desai Mangesh A. , Al-Qahtani Noora 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein, we report the utilization of nitrogen and sulfur dual heteroatoms co-doped activated carbon (NSAC) by hydrothermal method for electrochemical supercapacitors. Various NSACs were made by using a fixed amount of activated carbon and changing the amounts of thioacetamide. From NSAC electrodes, the coin cell configuration was fabricated and the overall electrochemical conduct was evaluated by using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, cycle life, and electrochemical impedance methodologies. The outcomes manifest that co-doping sulfur and nitrogen into the AC improves the electrochemical performance. In comparison to pure activated carbon, the optimized NSAC produced a higher specific capacitance value of 417 F g−1 at 0.7 A g−1 and also demonstrated outstanding charge-discharge cycling stability at 7 mA (5 A g−1), maintaining 76% of its opening capacitance after 60,000 cycles in the CR2032 device configuration. The impedance studies phase angle value of 85° has added evidence of the NSAC’s good capacitor performance. Thus, we believe this work is suitable for practical applications for energy storage devices.
Graphical abstract
What Frontline Professionals Need to Combat Child Maltreatment Online
Authors: Binford Warren 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRapid technological advances in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries have changed the landscape of child maltreatment worldwide. Whereas historically a child was most likely to be maltreated within the family or community systems, now children can be abused by thousands of unknown and unidentified persons from anywhere on the planet. Trafficking in child sexual abuse material (CSAM), luring, grooming, and other predatory behaviors existed before the Internet. However, modern technologies have changed abusers’ points of access to children and the number of abusers who can participate in the maltreatment of a victim. New types of child maltreatment are also being invented with new technologies, such as livestreamed child sexual exploitation. In addition, the volume of certain types of child abuse has exploded exponentially such as has been documented with the trafficking in CSAM, as well as the severity of the abuse being recorded on younger and younger victims, including infants and toddlers. These changes have created challenges at all points along the child maltreatment continuum—from prevention to effective treatment leading to the full physical and psychological recovery and social reintegration of victims and survivors as are mandated by international law for many survivors. Recent research into the experiences and perspectives of frontline professionals combatting technology-facilitated child maltreatment makes clear that more training and supports are needed, such as technological resources, research into effective therapeutic treatments for survivors, consistent and accurate terminology and concepts, a modernization of the legal framework in which these crimes are investigated and prosecuted, and robust mental health supports for frontline providers. As the Kempe Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Child Abuse and Neglect provides education and training to thousands of frontline providers worldwide each year, Kempe is uniquely situated to provide leadership in preparing frontline providers to combat child abuse effectively in these new environments.
The ‘Crago Process’ and Its Applicability to a South African Sedimentary Phosphate Deposit
Authors: Singh Ashma , Pocock Jon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The traditional approach for the beneficiation of South African siliceous sedimentary phosphate ores has been reverse cationic flotation. The robustness of this approach, however, has been a concern due to its sensitivity to parameters such as slimes content, headgrade (P2O5 and SiO2 content), reagent dosages and conditioning times. The phosphate mineralisation for the ore body under investigation is predominantly carbonate fluorapatite composed of mainly quartz and apatite and minor amounts of chlorite, ilmenite and carbonates. Beneficiation of low grade sedimentary ores containing calcareous impurities, such as calcite and/or dolomite in addition to siliceous gangue, is required to meet the increasing demand; therefore, much research has been carried out to find an alternative technique to beneficiate this material. This paper investigates traditional flotation approaches versus the currently adopted ‘Crago Process’. Comparative results are presented in terms of upgrade potential for the production of concentrate rock for downstream applications. The novelty of the ‘Crago Process’ lies in its double stage approach, i.e. direct fatty acid flotation followed by reverse cationic amine flotation. The Crago process was able to achieve higher upgrades reporting at 32.1% P2O5 compared to conventional cationic flotation only achieving grades of 18.5% P2O5. Furthermore, the recovery gain was 3%.
Quality and Security Frameworks for IoT-Architecture Models Evaluation
Authors: Ameyed Darine , Jaafar Fehmi , Petrillo Fabio , Cheriet Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe concept behind IoT is as powerful as it is complex, and for the entities and modules in the IoT solution to mesh together perfectly, they all must be part of a well-thought-out structure. That is where accomplishing a deep understanding, IoT architecture becomes paramount given the complexity of IoT domains and platforms. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of IoT-architecture models based on IoT reference architecture proposed by ISO. Herewith, the paper aims at establishing a common grounding and language based on the business adoption reference IoT architecture vis-á-vis a standard model ISO/IEC 30141. We built an Analysis Architecture Quality Security Model-AAQSM based on quantitative metrics and scoring methods we have defined in reference to criteria standards. AAQSM helped unify evaluation metrics critical to fulfilling specific quality and security attribute requirements and classify architecture models by score.
Regular measures of noncompactness and Ascoli–Arzelà type compactness criteria in spaces of vector-valued functions
Authors: Caponetti Diana , Trombetta Alessandro , Trombetta Giulio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper we estimate the Kuratowski and the Hausdorff measures of noncompactness of bounded subsets of spaces of vector-valued bounded functions and of vector-valued bounded differentiable functions. To this end, we use a quantitative characteristic modeled on a new equicontinuity-type concept and classical quantitative characteristics related to pointwise relative compactness. We obtain new regular measures of noncompactness in the spaces taken into consideration. The established inequalities reduce to precise formulas in some classes of subsets. We derive Ascoli–Arzelà type compactness criteria.
Combined experimental–numerical mode I fracture characterization of the pultruded composite bars
Authors: Smolnicki Michał , Duda Szymon , Zielonka Paweł , Stabla Paweł , Lesiuk Grzegorz , Lopes Cristiane Caroline Campos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, pultruded GFRP bars are investigated to determine their fracture properties. The double cantilever beam test (DCB) is used to assess fracture behavior under mode I loading conditions. However, due to the presence of the R-curve effect (variable fracture energy dependent on the length of the crack), it is necessary to introduce a nonstandard approach to determine fracture properties. The mixed experimental–numerical approach is proposed to deal with this issue. Numerical simulations were carried out in Simulia Abaqus, and with Python scripting it was possible to generate models and obtain R-curve for the material. The numerical model built based on the experimental results has very good agreement with it (force–displacement and delamination length–time characteristics) which allows the use of the mentioned model in the analysis of more complex structures. Acoustic emission analysis was introduced as an auxiliary technique. The delamination obtained from both the numerical model and the experiment complies with the registered acoustic emission events. The proposed method can be used in preparing a material model for other composite materials, which display the presence of the R-curve effect.
Wear performance of Ti-6Al-4 V titanium alloy through nano-doped lubricants
Authors: Etri Hamza E. L. , Singla Anil Kumar , Özdemir Mehmet Tayyip , Korkmaz Mehmet Erdi , Demirsöz Recep , Gupta Munish Kumar , Krolczyk J. B. , Ross Nimel Sworna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are widely utilized in the biomedical sector, they still exhibit poor tribological properties and low wear resistance when employed against even weaker substances. The poor hardness, instability, high coefficient of friction, low load-carrying capacity, and insufficient resistance to not only abrasive but also adhesive wear are further disadvantages of titanium alloys. The focus of this investigation is on the tribological performance of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy in contact with WC carbide abrasive balls when subjected to nanodoped cooling and lubrication conditions. Tribological experiments were executed on Ti-6Al-4 V flat samples using a ball-on-flat tribometer in dry hybrid graphene/boron nitride combination nanoparticles (MQL, nano-3), nanographene with MQL (nano-1), and boron nitride with MQL (nano-2) conditions. After that, the most significant tribological characteristics were investigated, including volume loss, friction coefficient, wear rate, and micrographic structures. The outcomes also demonstrated that the hybrid nanoparticle situation experienced the least amount of volume loss.
On the social embeddedness of aeromobility: insights from the ecological self in intimate relationships
Authors: Ruppel Paul S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article the author addresses selected psychosocial aspects experienced, expressed, and negotiated by sustainability-oriented individuals who share an environmental awareness yet at the same time struggle to implement it in their everyday lives. Based on the analysis of interviews conducted with individuals and couples in Germany, the author focuses on individual and joint efforts to deal with ecological challenges in the face of aeromobility in times of climate change. The results indicate the advantage of conceptualizing aeromobility as a sometimes deeply socially embedded practice and thus constitutive reference point for the ecological self in relationships.
Indigenous adaptation of a model for understanding the determinants of ethnic health inequities
Authors: Curtis Elana , Jones Rhys , Willing Esther , Anderson Anneka , Paine Sarah-Jane , Herbert Sarah , Loring Belinda , Dalgic Gulay , Reid Papaarangi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExamining the pathways and causes of ethnic inequities in health is integral to devising effective interventions. Explanations set the scope for solutions. Understandings of ethnic health inequities are often situated in victim blaming and cultural deficit explanations, rather than in the root causes. For Indigenous populations, colonisation and racism are fundemental determinants of health inequities. Using a conceptual framework can support understanding of the fundamental causes of Indigenous health inequities. This article presents an Indigenous adaptation of the ‘Williams model’ for understanding the causes of racial/ethnic disparities in health. The Te Kupenga Hauora Māori modified model foregrounds colonisation as a critical determinant of health inequities, underpinning all levels from basic to surface causes. The modified model also attempts to reflect the dynamic interplay between causes at different levels, rather than a simple unidirectional relationship. We include the influence of worldviews/positioning as a cause and emphasise that privilege alongside racism plays a causative role in Indigenous health inequities. We also critique some of the limitations of this framework in reflecting the complex pathways of causation for ethnic health inequities, and indicate areas for further strengthening.
NLP techniques for automating responses to customer queries: a systematic review
Authors: Olujimi Peter Adebowale , Ade-Ibijola Abejide 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe demand for automated customer support approaches in customer-centric environments has increased significantly in the past few years. Natural Language Processing (NLP) advancement has enabled conversational AI to comprehend human language and respond to enquiries from customers automatically independent of the intervention of humans. Customers can now access prompt responses from NLP chatbots without interacting with human agents. This application has been implemented in numerous business sectors, including banking, manufacturing, education, law, and healthcare, among others. This study reviewed earlier studies on automating customer queries using NLP approaches. Using a systematic review methodology, 73 articles were analysed from reputable digital resources. The evaluated result offers an in-depth review of prior studies investigating the use of NLP techniques for automated customer service responses, including details on existing studies, benefits, and potential future study topics on the use of NLP techniques for business applications. The implications of the results were discussed and, recommendations made.
The managerial antecedent and behavioral consequence of subordinates’ calling orientation: an experimental and survey study
Authors: Baoguo Xie , Xiaowen Zhang , Jialing Miao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResearch in calling has increased in recent years, yet the lack of attention on the managerial antecedents and prosocial behavioral outcome of calling orientation presents key challenges to meet the needs of the organizational management. Based on the social impact theory, this study examined the predicting effects of a team leader’s transformational leadership on followers’ calling orientation, and the effects of team members’ calling orientation on their helping behaviors at work. The experimental study and the survey were conducted to test the hypotheses. The results showed that a leader’s transformational leadership was positively related to followers’ calling orientation. A leader’s organizational status moderated the relationship between a leader’s transformational leadership and followers’ calling orientation. Followers’ calling orientation was positively related to their helping behaviors at work. The results provide important implications for cultivating employees’ calling orientation in the workplace.
Determinants of adoption of small-scale irrigation practices as adaptation strategies to climate change stresses in Kersa District, Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Mume Ibsa Dawid , Mohammed Jema Haji , Ogeto Mohammed Aman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess the factors influencing farmers’ decisions to adopt small-scale irrigation practices as an adaptation strategy to climate change in Kersa district, East Hararghe Zone, Oromia. The data were collected from a sample of 288 farm households (130 adopter and 158 non-adopters). Both qualitative and quantitative data were obtained from primary and secondary sources. A binary logistics regression model was used to identify the determinants of irrigation scheme adoption. The results indicate that the adoption of small-scale irrigation scheme was influenced by the age of the household head, dependency ratio, distance from water source, household size, frequency of extension contact, access to credit, livestock holding, off/nonfarm activities, membership in an agricultural cooperative, access to climate information, and perception of climate change, which had significant positive effects. Small-scale irrigation practices are a practical solution to lessen the effects of climate change stresses. Therefore, to improve rural farm productivity and lessen the effects of climate change stresses, the agricultural and natural resources office should focus scientific attention on the key factors that influence the adoption of small-scale irrigation.
Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in urine, blood, and wound pathogens among rural patients in Karnataka, India
Authors: Mardourian Markos , Lyons Hannah , Rhodes Brunner Jackson , K. Edwards Matthew , Lennox Archibald , Mahadevaiah Sumana , Chandrashekhar Sunitha , Prudhvi Raj Suvvada , Pradhan Anjali , Kalyatanda Gautam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background and objective:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasing in tertiary-care hospitals across India, which consumes more antibiotics than any other country. Microorganisms with novel resistance mechanisms, initially isolated in India, are now recognized worldwide. Until now, most efforts to stem AMR in India have focused on the inpatient setting. Ministry of Health data now suggest that rural areas are playing a more significant role in the pathogenesis of AMR than was previously appreciated. Thus, we conducted this pilot study to ascertain whether AMR is common in pathogens causing infections acquired in the wider rural community.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective prevalence survey of 100 urine, 102 wound, and 102 blood cultures obtained from patients who were admitted to a tertiary-care facility in Karnataka, India, with infections acquired in the community. The study population included patients >18 years of age who (1) were referred to the hospital by primary care doctors, (2) had a positive blood, urine, or wound culture, and (3) were not previously hospitalized. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) were carried out on all isolates.

Results:
Enterobacteriaceae were the most common pathogens isolated from urine and blood cultures. Significant resistance to quinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, and cephalosporins was noted among pathogens isolated from all cultures. Specifically, high resistance rates (>45%) to quinolones, penicillin, and cephalosporins were evident among all 3 types of culture. Among blood and urinary pathogens, there were high resistance rates (>25%) to both aminoglycosides and carbapenems.

Conclusion:
Efforts to stem AMR rates in India need to focus on rural populations. Such efforts will need to characterize antimicrobial overprescribing practices, healthcare-seeking behaviors, and antimicrobial use in agriculture in rural settings.