bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Tradisional dan Ensemble Machine Learning dalam Melakukan Klasifikasi Kalimat Ujaran Kebencian
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Hasanah Riyan Latifahul , Hermaliani Eni Heni 
Published: May 2023

Kalimat Hate Speech merupakan tindakan kejahatan yang diutarakan kepada individu atau kelompok berupa hinaan, fitnah, cacian yang berkaitan dengan ras, agama, budaya, dll. Hate Speech sering disampaikan melalui media sosial seperti Twitter. Untuk membantu mengatasi tersebar luasnya hate speech, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis pengkategorian kalimat hate speech menggunakan machine learning. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut dibutuhkan tahapan pre-processing yaitu remove punctuations, lowercase, tokenizing, filtering dan stemming. Dataset memiliki distribusi data yang tidak seimbang, sehingga metode SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) sangat cocok untuk digunakan, dilanjutkan dengan menerapkan model features engineering yaitu TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) dan menggunakan algoritma Logistic Regression, Decission Tree, dan Naïve Bayes, kemudian dilakukan pengembangan algoritma machine learning menggunakan metode ensemble, yaitu Adaptive Boosting (Adaboost) dan Random Forest. Algoritma Logistic Regression mendapatkan nilai akurasi terbaik yaitu sebesar 91,40 dan mampu mengungguli algoritma lainnya.
Klasifikasi Penyakit Tanaman Tomat Menggunakan Metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
Authors: Soekarta Rendra , Nurdjan Nirwana , Syah Ardian 
Published: May 2023

Tanaman tomat merupakan tanaman yang banyak di tanam oleh petani dan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan bahan makanan yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Salah satu masalah dalam budidaya tanaman tomat yaitu penyakit yang sering menyerang tanaman tomat mulai dari daun, batang ,hingga pada buah tomat. Dan tidak sedikit dari petani yang melakukan kesalahan saat mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membangun sistem yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan klasifikasi penyekit tanaman tomat. Penyakit yang digunakan terdiri dari 10 jenis yaitu, Bacterial spot, Early blight, Late blight, Leaf mold, Septoria leaf spot, Spider mite, Target spot, Mosaic virus, Yellow leaf virus. Dengan perkembangan teknologi pada saat ini sekiranya dapat membantu petani untuk meminimalisir kesalahan dalam menentukan penyakit pada tanaman tomat, yaitu dengan pendekatan kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence) untuk mengklasifikasi penyakit tanaman tomat. Hasil yang didapatkan berdasarkan 10 class jenis penyakit dengan Dataset yang digunakan yaitu sebanyak 10519 data train dan 1100 data validation yaitu accuracy yang didapatkan 98% train accuracy dan 82 % validation accuracy
ASPEK HUKUM PENDIRIAN DAN PENGESAHAN BADAN USAHA NON BADAN HUKUM
Authors: Rahmadi Raendhi 
Published: May 2023

Errors in the establishment of a business entity create fatal legal problems in the future related to the existence and business entity that has been established, this is due to a lack of understanding of the correct application of legality for an established entity, so to anticipate this problem it is necessary to explain the stages major must go through. To explain it, this paper is compiled using descriptive-analytical methods with a normative juridical approach using empirical data. So that from this paper it is hoped that it can answer important things regarding, how to create the entity of organization in national law, especially for a business entity. When is a business entity establishment born and considered to have a legal existence in the Indonesian national legal system.
Keywords: existence; establishment; business entity.
ENSINO DA GRANDEZA VOLUME POR MEIO DA RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS
Authors: Jucá Rosineide de Sousa , Costa Ninarosa Tavares da , Ramos Kymberli Luana Santos 
Published: May 2023

O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar uma experiência desenvolvida por meio da exploração e resolução de problemas para a construção do conceito de volume com alunos do 6º e 7º do ensino fundamental. O caminho metodológico desse trabalho seguiu as orientações do design research, um tipo de metodologia qualitativa, que inclui três fases de uma investigação na modalidade de experiência de ensino: a preparação da experiência, a experimentação em sala de aula e a análise retrospectiva. Para isso, elaboramos uma proposta de ensino por meio da exploração e resolução de problemas sobre conteúdo de volume do prisma e do cilindro. O referencial teórico adotado traz discussões sobre resolução de problemas e sua importância no ensino de matemática, como também sobre construção de conceitos. Os resultados apontaram que os alunos que participaram do experimento de ensino apresentaram compreensão do conceito de volume, e se mostraram motivados ao participar das atividades.
Global, regional and national burden of endocrine, metabolic, blood and immune disorders 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
Authors: Wu Junyun , Lin Xiling , Huang Xin , Shen Yuyan , Shan Peng-Fei 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundEndocrine, metabolic, blood and immune disorders (EMBID) is a vital public health problem globally, but the study on its burden and global trends was scarce. We aimed to evaluate the global burden of disease and trends in EMBID from 1990 to 2019.MethodsWe extracted the data of EMBID-related on death cases, Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), Age-standardized DALY rates, years of life lost (YLLs), Age-standardized YLL rates, years lived with disability (YLDs) and Age-standardized YLD rates between 1990 and 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, by sex, age, and year at the global and geographical region levels. The Annual rate of change was directly extracted from Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) and we also calculated the age-related age-standardized rate (ASR) to quantify trends in EMBID-related deaths, DALYs, YLLs and YLDs.ResultGlobally, the EMBID-related ASDRs showed an increasing trend, whereas the DALYs ASR, YLLs ASR and YLDs ASR were decreased between 1990 to 2019. Furthermore, High-income North America and Southern Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest both ASDRs and DALYs ASR, and Southern Sub-Saharan Africa and Caribbean had the highest both YLDs ASR and YLLs ASR in 2019. Males had a higher EMBID-related ASDRs than females, but the DALYs ASR in females were higher than males. The burden of EMBID was higher in older-aged compared to other age groups, especially in developed regions.ConclusionAlthough EMBID-related ASRs for DALYs-, YLLs- and YLDs declined at the global level from 1990 to 2019, but the ASDRs was increasing. This implied high healthcare costs and more burden of ASDRs due to EMBID in the future. Therefore, there was an urgent need to adopt geographic targets, age-specific targets, prevention strategies and treatments for EMBID to reduce negative health outcomes globally.
Decreased bone mass in adolescents with bone fragility fracture but not in young children: a case–control study
Authors: Matkovic Velimir , Goel Prem , Mobley Stacey L. , Badenhop-Stevens Nancy E. , Ha Eun-Jeong , Li Bin , Skugor Mario , Clairmont Albert 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe incidence of distal forearm fracture due to minimal/moderate trauma shows a bimodal distribution for age at event, with one peak occurring during early adolescence, in both boys and girls and the other one in postmenopausal females. The aim of this study was, therefore, to document whether the relationship between bone mineral density and fracture is different in young children compared with adolescents.MethodsA matched-pair, case–control study has been conducted to evaluate bone mineral density in 469 young children and 387 adolescents of both sexes, with/without fracture due to minimal/moderate trauma with assurance that the compared groups were equally susceptible to the outcome event. All fractures were radiographically confirmed. The study utilized bone mineral areal density of the total body, spine, hips, and forearm; volumetric bone mineral density of the forearm; and metacarpal radiogrammetry measurements. The study controlled for skeletal development, bone geometry, body composition, hand grip strength, calcium intake, and vitamin D status.ResultsAdolescents with distal forearm fracture have reduced bone mineral density at multiple skeletal regions of interest. This was documented by the bone mineral areal density measurements at multiple skeletal sites (p &lt; 0.001), volumetric bone mineral density measurements of the forearm (p &lt; 0.0001), and metacarpal radiogrammetry (p &lt; 0.001). Adolescent females with fracture had reduced cross-sectional areas of the radius and metacarpals. The bone status of young female and male children with fracture was no different to its controls. Increased body fatness was more prevalent among fracture cases than in controls. Around 72% of young female and male children with fracture had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels below the threshold of 31 ng/ml, compared with only 42% of female controls and to 51% of male controls.ConclusionsAdolescents with bone fragility fracture had reduced bone mineral density at multiple skeletal regions of interest, whereas this was not the case with younger children. The results of the study may have implications for the prevention of bone fragility in this segment of the pediatric population.
Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicines combined with conventional Western medicines in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ma Kaile , Zhou Lijuan , Zhang Yanjiao , Zhao Jingyi , Yao Chensi , Tian Chuanxi , Li Min 
Published: May 2023

Aims/hypothesisThrough a comprehensive analysis of the clinical randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with conventional western medicine (CWM) in treating type 2 diabetes(T2DM) in the past ten years, the clinical efficacy and safety of different TCMs combined with CWM were explored. This study aimed to provide specific suggestions for clinical guidance on treating T2DM.MethodsA literature search was conducted in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The search time was limited from 2010 to the present time. The literature type was a controlled clinical trial study of TCM combined with CWM intervention in treating T2DM. The outcome indices of the efficacy evaluation included fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), adverse reactions, and clinical efficacy. Stata 15 and RevMan 5.4 software were used to conduct a network meta-analysis and a traditional meta-analysis.ResultsThe results showed that shenqi jiangtang granule combined with sulfonylurea, shenqi jiangtang granules combined with metformin and jinlida granules combined with insulin had significant effects on reductions in FBG, 2hPG and clinical efficacy compared with western medicines alone, which included fasting blood glucose [MD=-2.17, 95%CI=(-2.50, -1.85)], blood sugar at 2 hours after a meal [MD=-1.94, 95%CI=(-2.23, -1.65)], and clinical curative effect [OR= 1.73, 95%CI=(0.59, 2.87)].ConclusionsTCM combined with CWM has a very significant effect on treating T2DM compared with CWM alone. According to the network meta-analysis, the best intervention measures of different TCMs for different outcome indicators were obtained.Systematic review registrationidentifier 42022350372.
Predictive performance of aldosterone-to-renin ratio in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism in patients with resistant hypertension
Authors: Bioletto Fabio , Lopez Chiara , Bollati Martina , Arata Stefano , Procopio Matteo , Ponzetto Federico , Beccuti Guglielmo , Mengozzi Giulio , Ghigo Ezio , Maccario Mauro , Parasiliti-Caprino Mirko 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe systematic use of confirmatory tests in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) increases costs, risks and complexity to the diagnostic work-up. In light of this, some authors proposed aldosterone-to-renin (ARR) cut-offs and/or integrated flow-charts to avoid this step. Patients with resistant hypertension (RH), however, are characterized by a dysregulated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, even in the absence of PA. Thus, it is unclear whether these strategies might be applied with the same diagnostic reliability in the setting of RH.MethodsWe enrolled 129 consecutive patients diagnosed with RH and no other causes of secondary hypertension. All patients underwent full biochemical assessment for PA, encompassing both basal measurements and a saline infusion test.Results34/129 patients (26.4%) were diagnosed with PA. ARR alone provided a moderate-to-high accuracy in predicting the diagnosis of PA (AUC=0.908). Among normokalemic patients, the ARR value that maximized the diagnostic accuracy, as identified by the Youden index, was equal to 41.8 (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/h), and was characterized by a sensitivity and a specificity of 100% and 67%, respectively (AUC=0.882); an ARR &gt; 179.6 (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/h) provided a 100% specificity for the diagnosis of PA, but was associated with a very low sensitivity of 20%. Among hypokalemic patients, the ARR value that maximized the diagnostic accuracy, as identified by the Youden index, was equal to 49.2 (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/h), and was characterized by a sensitivity and a specificity of 100% and 83%, respectively (AUC=0.941); an ARR &gt; 104.0 (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/h) provided a 100% specificity for the diagnosis of PA, with a sensitivity of 64%.ConclusionsAmong normokalemic patients, there was a wide overlap in ARR values between those with PA and those with essential RH; the possibility to skip a confirmatory test should thus be considered with caution in this setting. A better discriminating ability could be seen in the presence of hypokalemia; in this case, ARR alone may be sufficient to skip confirmatory tests in a suitable percentage of patients.
Ketoconazole as second-line treatment for Cushing’s disease after transsphenoidal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Viecceli Camila , Mattos Ana Carolina Viana , Hirakata Vânia Naomi , Garcia Sheila Piccoli , Rodrigues Ticiana da Costa , Czepielewski Mauro Antônio 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe first-line treatment for Cushing’s disease is transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumor resection. Ketoconazole has been used as a second-line drug despite limited data on its safety and efficacy for this purpose. The objective of this meta-analysis was to analyze hypercortisolism control in patients who used ketoconazole as a second-line treatment after transsphenoidal surgery, in addition to other clinical and laboratory criteria that could be related to therapeutic response.MethodsWe searched for articles that evaluated ketoconazole use in Cushing’s disease after transsphenoidal surgery. The search strategies were applied to MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SciELO. Independent reviewers assessed study eligibility and quality and extracted data on hypercortisolism control and related variables such as therapeutic dose, time, and urinary cortisol levels.ResultsAfter applying the exclusion criteria, 10 articles (one prospective and nine retrospective studies, totaling 270 patients) were included for complete data analysis. We found no publication bias regarding reported biochemical control or no biochemical control (p = 0.06 and p = 0.42 respectively). Of 270 patients, biochemical control of hypercortisolism occurred in 151 (63%, 95% CI 50-74%) and no biochemical control occurred in 61 (20%, 95% CI 10-35%). According to the meta-regression, neither the final dose, treatment duration, nor initial serum cortisol levels were associated with biochemical control of hypercortisolism.ConclusionKetoconazole can be considered a safe and efficacious option for Cushing’s disease treatment after pituitary surgery.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#searchadvanced, (CRD42022308041).
National oncofertility registries around the globe: a pilot survey
Authors: Ozimek Noelle , Salama Mahmoud , Woodruff Teresa K. 
Published: May 2023

PurposeOncofertility is an emerging discipline which aims to preserve fertility of young cancer patients. As fertility preservation services have become increasingly available to cancer patients in many countries around the globe, it is crucial to establish a foundation of collaborative reporting to continuously monitor and assess oncofertility practices. This survey study investigates the current global landscape of official national oncofertility registries, a vital tool which allows for surveillance of the field.MethodsAn online pilot survey was conducted to give the opportunity to report official national oncofertility registries available in 2022. Survey questions covered the availability of official national registries for oncofertility as well as the official national registries for cancer and assisted reproductive technologies. Participation in the survey was voluntary, anonymous and for free.ResultsAccording to our online pilot survey, responses were collected from 20 countries including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Egypt, Germany, Greece, India, Japan, Kenya, Philippines, Romania, South Africa, Thailand, Tunisia, UK, USA &amp; Uruguay. Only 3 out of the 20 surveyed countries have well-established official national oncofertility registries; and include Australia, Germany &amp; Japan. The Australian official national oncofertility registry is part of Australasian Oncofertility Registry that also includes New Zealand. The German official national oncofertility registry is part of FertiPROTEKT Network Registry for German speaking countries that also includes Austria &amp; Switzerland. The Japanese official national oncofertility registry includes Japan only and called Japan Oncofertility Registry (JOFR). A supplementary internet search confirmed the aforementioned results. Therefore, the final list of countries around the globe that have official national oncofertility registries includes Australia, Austria, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, and Switzerland. Some other countries such as the USA and Denmark are on their way to establish official national registries for oncofertility care.ConclusionAlthough oncofertility services are expanding globally, very few countries have well-established official national oncofertility registries. By reviewing such a global landscape, we highlight the urgent need for having a well-established official national oncofertility registry in each country to monitor oncofertility services in a way that best serves patients.
Genes in loci genetically associated with polycystic ovary syndrome are dynamically expressed in human fetal gonadal, metabolic and brain tissues
Authors: Azumah Rafiatu , Hummitzsch Katja , Anderson Richard A. , Rodgers Raymond J. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder, affecting around 10% of women of reproductive age, with infertility, depression or anxiety, obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes as risk factors. The cause of PCOS is not known but there is a predisposition to developing PCOS in adult life that arises during fetal or perinatal life. PCOS also has a genetic predisposition and a number of genetic loci associated with PCOS have been identified. These loci contain 25 candidate genes which are currently being studied to define the syndrome. Although the name PCOS suggests a syndrome of the ovary, PCOS has also been associated with the central nervous system and other organ systems in the body due to the wide variety of symptoms it presents.MethodsHere, we examined the expression patterns of PCOS candidate genes in gonadal (ovary and testis), metabolic (heart, liver and kidney) and brain (brain and cerebellum) tissues during the first half of human fetal development and postnatally until adulthood using public RNA sequencing data. This study is an initial step for more comprehensive and translational studies to define PCOS.ResultsWe found that the genes were dynamically expressed in the fetal tissues studied. Some genes were significantly expressed in gonadal tissues, whilst others were expressed in metabolic or brain tissues at different time points prenatally and/or postnatally. HMGA2, FBN3 and TOX3 were highly expressed during the early stages of fetal development in all tissues but least during adulthood. Interestingly, correlation between expression of HMGA2/YAP1 and RAD50/YAP1 were significant in at least 5 of the 7 fetal tissues studied. Notably, DENND1A, THADA, MAPRE1, RAB5B, ARL14EP, KRR1, NEIL2 and RAD50 were dynamically expressed in all postnatal tissues studied.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that these genes have tissue- or development-specific roles in multiple organs, possibly resulting in the various symptoms associated with PCOS. Thus the fetal origin of a predisposition to PCOS in adulthood could arise via the effects of PCOS candidate genes in the development of multiple organs.
Associations between urinary iodine concentration and the prevalence of metabolic disorders: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shen Xia , Yang Long , Liu Yuan-Yuan , Zhang Xue-He , Cai Ping , Huang Jian-Feng , Jiang Lei 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundFew studies have examined the role of iodine in extrathyroidal function. Recent research has shown an association between iodine and metabolic syndromes (MetS) in Chinese and Korean populations, but the link in the American participants remains unknown.PurposeThis study aimed to examine the relationship between iodine status and metabolic disorders, including components associated with metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hyperglycemia, central obesity, triglyceride abnormalities, and low HDL.MethodsThe study included 11,545 adults aged ≥ 18 years from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2018). Participants were divided into four groups based on their iodine nutritional status(ug/L), as recommended by the World Health Organization: low UIC, &lt; 100; normal UIC, 100-299; high UIC, 300-399; and very high, ≥ 400. The Odds ratio (OR) for MetS basing the UIC group was estimated using logistic regression models for our overall population and subgroups.ResultsIodine status was positively associated with the prevalence of MetS in US adults. The risk of MetS was significantly higher in those with high UIC than in those with normal UIC [OR: 1.25; 95% confidence intervals (CI),1.016-1.539; p = 0.035). The risk of MetS was lower in the low UIC group (OR,0.82; 95% CI: 0.708-0.946; p = 0.007). There was a significant nonlinear trend between UIC and the risk of MetS, diabetes, and obesity in overall participants. Participants with high UIC had significantly increased TG elevation (OR, 1.24; 95% CI: 1.002-1.533; P = 0.048) and participants with very high UIC had significantly decreased risk of diabetes (OR, 0.83; 95% CI: 0.731-0.945, p = 0.005). Moreover, subgroup analysis revealed an interaction between UIC and MetS in participants aged &lt; 60 years and ≥ 60 years, and no association between UIC and MetS in older participants aged ≥ 60 years.ConclusionOur study validated the relationship between UIC and MetS and their components in US adults. This association may provide further dietary control strategies for the management of patients with metabolic disorders.