bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Be a Mom, a Web-Based Intervention to Prevent Postpartum Depression: Examining Mechanisms of Change in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Carona Carlos , Pereira Marco , Araújo-Pedrosa Anabela , Canavarro Maria Cristina , Fonseca Ana 
Published: January 2023

Background
Postpartum depression (PPD) is treatable and preventable, but most women do not seek professional help for their perinatal depressive symptoms. One increasingly popular approach of improving access to care is the use of web-based intervention programs.

Objective
The objective of this study was 2-fold: first, to assess the efficacy of Be a Mom, a brief web-based selective or indicated preventive intervention, in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms of women at high risk for PPD; and second, to examine mechanisms of change linking modifiable self-regulatory skills (ie, emotion regulation, self-compassion, and psychological flexibility) to improved perinatal mental health outcomes.

Methods
This 2-arm, open-label randomized controlled trial involved a sample of 1053 perinatal women presenting high risk for PPD who were allocated to the Be a Mom intervention group or a waitlist control group and completed self-report measures at baseline and postintervention assessments. Univariate latent change score models were computed to determine changes over time in adjustment processes and outcomes, with a multigroup-model approach to detect differences between the intervention and control groups and a 2-wave latent change score model to examine whether changes in processes were related to changes in outcomes.

Results
Be a Mom was found to be effective in reducing depressive (intervention group: µΔ=–3.35; P<.001 vs control group: µΔ=–1.48; P<.001) and anxiety symptoms (intervention group: µΔ=–2.24; P<.001 vs control group: µΔ=–0.43; P=.04) in comparison with the control group, where such changes were inexistent or much smaller. All 3 psychological processes under study improved statistically significantly in posttreatment assessments: emotion regulation ability (Δχ23=12.3; P=.007) and psychological flexibility (Δχ23=34.9; P<.001) improved only in the intervention group, and although self-compassion increased in both groups (Δχ23=65.6; P<.001), these improvements were considerably greater in the intervention group.

Conclusions
These results suggest that Be a Mom, a low-intensity cognitive behavioral therapy program, is a promising first-line intervention for helping perinatal women, particularly those with early-onset PPD symptoms.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03024645; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03024645
User-Chatbot Conversations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Study Based on Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Chin Hyojin , Lima Gabriel , Shin Mingi , Zhunis Assem , Cha Chiyoung , Choi Junghoi , Cha Meeyoung 
Published: January 2023

Background
Chatbots have become a promising tool to support public health initiatives. Despite their potential, little research has examined how individuals interacted with chatbots during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding user-chatbot interactions is crucial for developing services that can respond to people’s needs during a global health emergency.

Objective
This study examined the COVID-19 pandemic–related topics online users discussed with a commercially available social chatbot and compared the sentiment expressed by users from 5 culturally different countries.

Methods
We analyzed 19,782 conversation utterances related to COVID-19 covering 5 countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Malaysia, and the Philippines) between 2020 and 2021, from SimSimi, one of the world’s largest open-domain social chatbots. We identified chat topics using natural language processing methods and analyzed their emotional sentiments. Additionally, we compared the topic and sentiment variations in the COVID-19–related chats across countries.

Results
Our analysis identified 18 emerging topics, which could be categorized into the following 5 overarching themes: “Questions on COVID-19 asked to the chatbot” (30.6%), “Preventive behaviors” (25.3%), “Outbreak of COVID-19” (16.4%), “Physical and psychological impact of COVID-19” (16.0%), and “People and life in the pandemic” (11.7%). Our data indicated that people considered chatbots as a source of information about the pandemic, for example, by asking health-related questions. Users turned to SimSimi for conversation and emotional messages when offline social interactions became limited during the lockdown period. Users were more likely to express negative sentiments when conversing about topics related to masks, lockdowns, case counts, and their worries about the pandemic. In contrast, small talk with the chatbot was largely accompanied by positive sentiment. We also found cultural differences, with negative words being used more often by users in the United States than by those in Asia when talking about COVID-19.

Conclusions
Based on the analysis of user-chatbot interactions on a live platform, this work provides insights into people’s informational and emotional needs during a global health crisis. Users sought health-related information and shared emotional messages with the chatbot, indicating the potential use of chatbots to provide accurate health information and emotional support. Future research can look into different support strategies that align with the direction of public health policy.
A Tablet-Based Aphasia Assessment System “STELA”: Feasibility and Validation Study
Authors: Inamoto Yoko , Mukaino Masahiko , Imaeda Sayuri , Sawada Manami , Satoji Kumi , Nagai Ayako , Hirano Satoshi , Okazaki Hideto , Saitoh Eiichi , Sonoda Shigeru , Otaka Yohei 
Published: January 2023

Background
There is an extensive library of language tests, each with excellent psychometric properties; however, many of the tests available take considerable administration time, possibly bearing psychological strain on patients. The Short and Tailored Evaluation of Language Ability (STELA) is a simplified, tablet-based language ability assessment system developed to address this issue, with a reduced number of items and automated testing process.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to assess the administration time, internal consistency, and validity of the STELA.

Methods
The STELA consists of a tablet app, a microphone, and an input keypad for clinician’s use. The system is designed to assess language ability with 52 questions grouped into 2 comprehension modalities (auditory comprehension and reading comprehension) and 3 expression modalities (naming and sentence formation, repetition, and reading aloud). Performance in each modality was scored as the correct answer rate (0-100), and overall performance expressed as the sum of modality scores (out of 500 points).

Results
The time taken to complete the STELA was significantly less than the time for the WAB (mean 16.2, SD 9.4 vs mean 149.3, SD 64.1 minutes; P<.001). The STELA’s total score was strongly correlated with the WAB Aphasia Quotient (r=0.93, P<.001), supporting the former’s concurrent validity concerning the WAB, which is a gold-standard aphasia assessment. Strong correlations were also observed at the subscale level; STELA auditory comprehension versus WAB auditory comprehension (r=0.75, P<.001), STELA repetition versus WAB repetition (r=0.96, P<.001), STELA naming and sentence formation versus WAB naming and word finding (r=0.81, P<.001), and the sum of STELA reading comprehension or reading aloud versus WAB reading (r=0.82, P<.001). Cronbach α obtained for each modality was .862 for auditory comprehension, .872 for reading comprehension, .902 for naming and sentence formation, .787 for repetition, and .892 for reading aloud. Global Cronbach α was .961. The average of the values of item-total correlation to each subscale was 0.61 (SD 0.17).

Conclusions
Our study confirmed significant time reduction in the assessment of language ability and provided evidence for good internal consistency and validity of the STELA tablet-based aphasia assessment system.
Pharmacognostical Standardization, Phytochemical Screening and Antiulcer Activity of Terminalia bellerica
Authors: Upadhyay Srishti , Nagar Jagdish , Mukim Mohammad 
Published: January 2023

Context: Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) is a medium-sized tree that grows in the wild throughout India. T. chebula has been extensively used in Ayurveda, Unani, and homoeopathic medicine. The fruit has been used as a traditional medicine for a household remedy against various human ailments. Traditionally T. chebula is used to cure chronic ulcer, gastritis, and stomach cancers.
Objective: The present study is to evaluate the antiulcer effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia chebula fruit.
Materials and methods: In the pharmacognostical, phytochemical and biological evaluation many chemicals, glassware and instruments were used. Different grades of chemicals were used as per the requirement like laboratory reagent (LR), analytical reagents (AR) and HPLC.
Conclusion : The present study has been done to evaluate the antiulcer effect of METB on indomethacin induced ulcer models at various doses. The results obtained from the present study have shown that METB possesses antiulcer effect on indomethacin induced ulcers. Pre-treatment with METB particularly at a dose of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg decreases ulcer index, total acidity, total volume of acid secretion and increase in pH when compared with control.
Covid 19 Pandemic Impacts On Online Pharmacy And Offline Pharmacy With Reference To Mumbai Region
Authors: Baburao Ushir Rahul , Dolly Diana Dr. P. 
Published: January 2023

The Organization ( Who ) declared COVID-19 a swine flu on March 11, 2020, ushering in a global medical emergency of unprecedented scope and magnitude. The approach by countries all over the world differed slightly, but the provisions of frontline universal health care were characterized as critical to the disease outbreak reaction. COVID-19 had also entailed changes in healthcare service delivery. Respirators are one example of a modification aimed to increase public and care worker safety. Pharmacy services, particularly pharmacy moves of care options, just haven't been immune to change, bringing with them it using set of challenges to consider. Pharmacy services had played a critical role there in situation, and there was a high demand for them. That was expanding both online and offline. Methods applied to limit the effects or downturn of COVID-19, like reduced clinical training or amended user laws, had already produced obtaining the best possible prescriptions the person must've been trying to take just before to arrival at the hospital more difficult, leading to greater rely on independent sources to fulfil medication histories. To limit interaction with patients in ambulatory health centres, liking has transitioned with the use of online vs. printed version treatments, internet shopping, and use of clinic to sleep programmes and other healthcare medication delivery services for discharge prescriptions. An There has been an increased initiative to rectify prescription drug buyout troubles untreated by utilising patient assistance programmes or other inpatient programmes to pay the expenses of treatments for COVID treated cases within certain contexts. This paper examines why COVID-19 must have influenced pharmacy clips of quality healthcare website demand supply there in India.
Purpose: A study is being conducted to determine the impact of the Covid 19 outbreak on online and offline pharmacies in the Mumbai region.
CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON MANAGEMENT OF RAKTARSHA
Authors: Gaudar Shivaraj A , Kumar J Santosh , John P Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

In the present era Arsha has become most common and distressing disease due to Sedentary life style and irregular habits. Raktarshas is one of the bheda of ardraars has which is pittaraktanubandhi. The formation of mamsakura occurs which looks like vatankurasadrasha (Gunjaphalavata ,Vidrumasadrasha). Raktasrava, Shoola,Vibandha, Kandu and Daha are the characteristic features of Raktars has. Inmodern science Raktarshasiscor related with Bleeding Hemorrhoids. Chronic constipation is almost common cause of bleeding Hemorrhoids. Usually due to chronic constipation more pressure exerted on Hemorrhoidal veins as they have not contained any extra bony support hence it causes friction in the region which leads to varicosity of Hemorrhoidal veins which aa in due to chronic constipation yet strained and burst resulting in bleeding. Ayurvedic physician are treating this disease successfully with indigenous formulations and surgery.
Infertility Patients Related To Menarche Age and Nutritional Status at Halim Fertility Center Clinic Medan
Authors: Tambun Mastaida 
Published: January 2023

Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between Menarche Age and Nutritional Status on infertility patients. Infertility is one of the reproductive health problems that have not been completely resolved. Infertility is defined as the inability to have children or a condition where a married couple has not been able to have children even though they have had sexual intercourse 2-3 times a week for a period of 1 year without using contraception. Infertility affects the psychology of married couples so that it triggers marital problems such as divorce, and relationships that are not harmonious.
Methods: The research method used is quantitative analytic with a case control approach. Case control approach is a research that studies the influence of risk factors (independent) and effect factors (dependent), at the same time. The study was conducted at the Halim Fertility Center/HFC Clinic with the study population consisting of Couples of Childbearing Age (EFA) with the number of samples (Cases and Controls) taken proportionally 1:1, 40 Cases: 40 Controls, so the total sample size was 80 samples.
Results: The results of the bivariate analysis between the age of menarche and the incidence of infertility, statistically the Odds Ratio value was 3.85 (95% CI; 1.38-10.764), meaning that respondents with abnormal menarche age had a 3.85 times greater risk of experiencing infertility compared to respondents who have normal age of menarche. With p-value = 0.016, it means that there is a significant relationship between the age of menarche and the incidence of infertility. It can be concluded that the abnormal age of menarche is a risk factor for infertility. The results of the bivariate analysis between nutritional status and the incidence of infertility statistically obtained the Odds Ratio value of 4.846 (95% CI; 1.43-16.42) meaning that respondents who were obese had a 4.846 times greater risk of experiencing infertility compared to those who were not obese. . With p-value = 0.016, it means that there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of infertility. It can be concluded that nutritional status is a risk factor for infertility. The results of the independent variables (age of menarche, and nutritional status) met the candidate requirements for inclusion in the multivariate test.
Conclusion: The factors of age at menarche and nutritional status have a risk for the incidence of infertility in couples of childbearing age at the Halim Fertility Center Clinic in Medan. It can be concluded that the age of menarche and nutritional status have a significant relationship with the incidence of infertility.
Formulation and Evaluation of Nail Drug Delivery System of Anti Fungal Drug
Authors: Nikhath Misbah , S Sanjana 
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to prepare nail lacquer for nail drug delivery system of anti fungal drug in order to improve the physicochemical parameters that influence the drug permeation through a nail plate to reach the systemic circulation and the neighbouring target sites. The success of local topical therapy for onychomycosis depends on the achievement of effective chemical concentrations into/through the human nail plate; therefore, a suitable antifungal drug must be coupled with an appropriate delivery method. The method should maximize the effect of the active principle by aiding its diffusion into the nail bed to levels exceeding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against local infection by dermatophytes. Thus, a suitable carrier may be needed to enhance drug penetration through the nail barrier.
The nail lacquer formulations were prepared by simple mixing method and analyzed for non volatile content, gloss, smoothness to flow, drug diffusion studies, and % drug content. Among all formulations, nail lacquer prepared with 2% oxiconazole, 6% nitrocellulose, 1% ethyl cellulose, 15% salicylic acid, 10% propylene glycol and 10% 2-H β-CD exhibited good non volatile content, drug release, drug content estimation and zone inhibition i.e. F4 formulation. The drug release profiles were achieved 93.2% at 12 h. The in vitro ungual permeation studies revealed a good in vitro in vivo correlation. Nail lacquer were substantially stable after 1 month storage at 40±2℃.
A Review: Phytochemical Investigation and Medicinal Applications of Herb’s
Authors: Padole Nitin , Chandankhede Himanshu , Deshmukh Rupal , Chatakwar Prajakta , Dandekar Shivani , Baheti Jagdish 
Published: January 2023

Now a day’s major population over the world is facing the issue of allopathic drug and their adverse effect in treatment of various diseases. Ayurveda is one of the traditional medicinal systems of India. The philosophy behind Ayurveda is preventing unnecessary suffering and living a long healthy life. Herbal medicines have existed world-wide with long recorded history and they were used in ancient Chinese, Greek, and Indian medicine for various therapies purposes.Herbals are one of the best alternativesin treatment of acute and chronic diseases.
In this review different herb has been studied due to its medicinal, pharmacognostic and therapeutic application. This article enlists some commercial and non-commercial Polyherbal all around the world. In which plants, fruits, leaves, seeds and powder of Momordica dioica, Lantana camara L., Curcuma longa,Carthamustinctorius and Acacia catechu has been studied. This article provides a general idea about different herbs, their phytochemical contents, method of extraction and applications in treatment of various diseases.
Analysis on the registration and review system of emergency medical devices in China and abroad in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Xu Yiming , Wu Mingyang , Chen Wei , Ge Siyi , Liang Yi 
Published: January 2023

Objective
In the context of COVID-19, the domestic and foreign demand for emergency medical devices, such as medical masks and protective suits, is surging, and it is urgent to complete the registration and review of emergency medical devices with high efficiency and quality, which requires a mature and perfect registration and review system as the support. This paper aims to compare and analyze the domestic and foreign registration and review system of emergency medical device, summarize the good experience, and provide feasible suggestions for improving China's emergency medical device registration and review system.
Method
USA, Canada, Japan and the European Union were selected to make a comparative analysis with China from the aspects of legal system and emergency registration and review procedure by literature research, comparative analysis and other theoretical methods.
Results
The legal system and review mechanism of emergency medical device registration in China have been relatively perfect, but the safety and risk balance mechanism and the comprehensiveness of emergency management measures need to be further improved.
Conclusion
On the basis of maintaining its own institutional advantages, China should learn from foreign experience to further optimize the registration and review system of emergency medical devices, so as to improve the ability of response and implementation of China in public health emergencies.
Comparative Analysis of New Drugs and Clinical Trial Rules 2019 and its impact on Approval process of Oncology Drugs
Authors: Sharma Shagun , Sharma Khushbu , Verma Pooja , Rahi Shivali , Rana Arpana 
Published: January 2023

With the aim to make India as the hub for Clinical Trials and promote a transparent and faster drug approvals process for the early availability and accessibility of drugs in the country the New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules were published on March 19, 2019. The subsequent amendments were also proposed from time to time from March 2019 till June 2022 to make the regulations and the processes more robust.
The ‘New CT Rules’ replaced the Part XA and Schedule Y of the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules 1945. The NDCT rules will be applicable to all Investigational New Drugs, Biologicals, New Drugs, and Subsequent New Drugs. These rules also laid down the procedures for the effective working of Ethics Committees. The ‘New Rules’ comes up with many desirable changes that will bring transparency, predictability and well defined requirements to speed up the drug approval process in India. The New CT Rules provides a defined protocol so that decision making becomes uniform and that mainly focuses on the Quality & Safety of Clinical Trials. With these rules in place the regulatory system aims to make India a global clinical hub, approvals for the drugs with predictable, transparent and effective regulations and to make faster availability of new drugs to Indian population. In this article, we have highlighted the key developments/changes in the revised regulatory pathway for clinical trials in India and brought the comparative analysis of what has changed from the previous rules till date as subsequent amendments were also notified from time to time. Also, the present work aims at providing the impact of NDCT rules 2019 and subsequent amendments on approval process of drugs for life threatening diseases, unmet medical need and rare Diseases like Cancer.
By these rules in place Indian pharmaceutical industry would be able to bring a number of medicines which could be promising and effective in treating this pandemic for which no country in the world has been able to find any cure so far. The clause for local CT waiver, accelerated approval, reduced times for CT application is like a boon for developing new drugs in India. This will ensure faster availability of drugs in the country for life threatening diseases, unmet medical needs and rare disease like Cancer. Thus, proving it right that NDCT rules and subsequent amendments brought to the rules will be developing the country’s reputation across the globe and will harmonize the regulations in line with the International standards.