bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the efficacy of compound porcine cerebroside and ganglioside injection in patients with ischemic stroke: A randomized, single‐center, open‐label, prospective study
Authors: Chen Ya , Zhang Xia , Zhang Hai‐Qing , Luo Zhong , Zhou Xue‐Jiao , Liang Tao , Yang Fei , Zhang Jun , Xu Zu‐Cai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCompound porcine perebroside and ganglioside injection (CPCGI) was used to treat stroke. The study was initiated because of the high incidence of low‐does CPCGI use in our area. However, no research has confirmed the effectiveness of CPCGI below the standard dose. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide a reference for the clinical selection of different dose treatments. We collected ischemic stroke patients and divided them into three groups (low‐dose group: Group A = 4 mL, Group B = 6 mL, standard‐dose group: Group C = 10 mL). The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, and the Barthel Index (BI) scores were performed before treatment and 14 days and 90 days post CPCGI treatment. For 90 days, the primary outcomes were calculated including the degree of disability, neurological recovery, and activities of daily living. All data were compared between pretherapy and posttreatment and among groups. NIHSS, mRS and BI scores improved on 14 and 90 days in each group. Group B and C improved than Group A on 14 and 90 days. The difference between groups B and C was not statistically significant. On 90 days, there were differences in the degree of disability, the recovery of neurological function, and the ability of daily living among groups. No drug‐related adverse reactions occurred in the groups. Although 4 or 6 mL CPCGI had some neuroprotective effects, the standard dose of 10 mL CPCGI had the best effect on reducing the degree of disability and improving abilities of daily living.
Sensitivity Enhancement of THz Metamaterial by Decoupling its Resonance from the Substrate's Fabry–Pérot Oscillations
Authors: Khand Heena , Sengupta Rudrarup , Sarusi Gabby 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLC‐circuit‐based resonant metamaterials (MM) operating in the terahertz (THz) are proven to detect the presence of nanoparticles within the capacitive gap of nanoantennas, manifesting a red‐shift in the resonance frequency. Sensitivity reduction (reduced red‐shift) due to the interaction/coupling of the substrate's Fabry–Pérot (FP) oscillations with the MM resonance is discussed. This new discovery of coupling is more probable and intense in thicker semiconductor substrates used in standard complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor processes, due to the high density of the FP oscillations and thus the probability for coupling with the single MM resonance increases. This also results in reducing the quality factor (Q‐Factor) of MM resonance, as well as the dielectric response to nanoparticles spread on the MM surface, by reducing the resonance frequency shift (ΔF) and thus the sensitivity of resonant MM. A sensitivity restoration of the MM resonance's red‐shift by decoupling it from the FP oscillations after thinning down the substrate by standard backside polishing is shown. The research is based on a combination of rigorous CST system‐level simulations along with THz impedance spectroscopy laboratory experiments: up to a fivefold enhancement of sensitivity of the thinned substrate compared with the conventional thick substrates is shown. This work has potential applications in the high‐sensitivity detection of nanomaterials and bio‐sensing at ultra‐low concentrations.
Nanoparticles‐induced potential toxicity on human health: Applications, toxicity mechanisms, and evaluation models
Authors: Xuan Lihui , Ju Zhao , Skonieczna Magdalena , Zhou Ping‐Kun , Huang Ruixue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanoparticles (NPs) have become one of the most popular objects of scientific study during the past decades. However, despite wealth of study reports, still there is a gap, particularly in health toxicology studies, underlying mechanisms, and related evaluation models to deeply understanding the NPs risk effects. In this review, we first present a comprehensive landscape of the applications of NPs on health, especially addressing the role of NPs in medical diagnosis, therapy. Then, the toxicity of NPs on health systems is introduced. We describe in detail the effects of NPs on various systems, including respiratory, nervous, endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems, and the carcinogenicity of NPs. Furthermore, we unravels the underlying mechanisms of NPs including ROS accumulation, mitochondrial damage, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, DNA damage, cell cycle, and epigenetic regulation. In addition, the classical study models such as cell lines and mice and the emerging models such as 3D organoids used for evaluating the toxicity or scientific study are both introduced. Overall, this review presents a critical summary and evaluation of the state of understanding of NPs, giving readers more better understanding of the NPs toxicology to remedy key gaps in knowledge and techniques.
CEO‐TMT faultline and corporate green innovation: The contextual role of Confucian culture
Authors: Wang Shiquan , Lv Jingxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBased on CEO‐TMT interface perspective, this study investigates the impact of CEO‐TMT faultline on corporate green innovation and the contextual role of Confucian culture. The empirical results show that CEO‐TMT knowledge‐based faultline is positively associated with corporate green innovation, resource‐based faultline is negatively correlated with green innovation, and the impact of identity‐based faultline is insignificant. Furthermore, when companies are more influenced by Confucian culture, the positive effect of CEO‐TMT knowledge‐based faultline is more pronounced. In contrast, the negative impact of CEO‐TMT identity‐based faultline is restrained, and CEO‐TMT identity‐based faultline is related to a higher level of green innovation. The study not only enriches the research of CEO‐TMT interaction in the field of green innovation but also provides theoretical reference and guidance for corporate green innovation practice under the context of the green transformation of economic structure.
Sesamol Mitigates Chronic Iron Overload‐Induced Cognitive Impairment and Systemic Inflammation via IL‐6 and DMT1 Regulation
Authors: Wang Yajie , Zhang Yuyu , Wang Xinyu , Li Qingyuan , Zhao Yu , Jiang Yishan , Guo Rui , Liu Xuebo , Yuan Tian , Liu Zhigang 
Published: July 2023

ScopeExcessive iron contributes to oxidative damage and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Sesamol, a compound in sesame oil that exhibits both anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, is examined in this study for its ability to alleviate cognitive impairments in iron overload mice model.Methods and resultsAn iron overload model is established by intraperitoneally injecting dextran iron (250 mg kg−1 body weight) twice a week for 6 weeks, while sesamol (100 mg kg−1 body weight) is administered daily for the same length of time. The results demonstrate that sesamol protects spatial working memory and learning ability in iron overload mice, and inhibits neuronal loss and brain atrophy induced by iron overload. Moreover, sesamol significantly decreases interleukin‐6 and malondialdehyde, and increases glutathione peroxidase 4 in the brains of iron overload mice. Additionally, sesamol maintains iron homeostasis in the brain by regulating the expressions of transferrin receptors, divalent metal transporter 1, and hepcidin, and reducing iron accumulation. Furthermore, sesamol suppresses disturbed systemic iron homeostasis and inflammation, particularly liver interleukin‐6 expression.ConclusionThese findings suggest that sesamol may be effective in mitigating neuroinflammatory responses and cognitive impairments induced by iron overload, potentially through its involvement in mediating the liver‐brain axis.
Population‐based asymmetric margins for moving targets in real‐time tumor tracking
Authors: Kito Satoshi , Mukumoto Nobutaka , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Tanabe Hiroaki , Karasawa Katsuyuki , Kokubo Masaki , Sakamoto Takashi , Iizuka Yusuke , Yoshimura Michio , Matsuo Yukinori , Hiraoka Masahiro , Mizowaki Takashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBoth geometric and dosimetric components are commonly considered when determining the margin for planning target volume (PTV). As dose distribution is shaped by controlling beam aperture in peripheral dose prescription and dose‐escalated simultaneously integrated boost techniques, adjusting the margin by incorporating the variable dosimetric component into the PTV margin is inappropriate; therefore, geometric components should be accurately estimated for margin calculations.PurposeWe introduced an asymmetric margin‐calculation theory using the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) and intra‐fractional motion. The margins in fiducial marker‐based real‐time tumor tracking (RTTT) for lung, liver, and pancreatic cancers were calculated and were then evaluated using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.MethodsA total of 74 705, 73 235, and 164 968 sets of intra‐ and inter‐fractional positional data were analyzed for 48 lung, 48 liver, and 25 pancreatic cancer patients, respectively, in RTTT clinical trials. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of the positional error were considered representative values of each fraction of the disease site. The population‐based statistics of the probability distributions of these representative positional errors (PD‐RPEs) were calculated in six directions. A margin covering 95% of the population was calculated using the proposed formula. The content rate in which the clinical target volume (CTV) was included in the PTV was calculated through MC simulations using the PD‐RPEs.ResultsThe margins required for RTTT were at most 6.2, 4.6, and 3.9 mm for lung, liver, and pancreatic cancer, respectively. MC simulations revealed that the median content rates using the proposed margins satisfied 95% for lung and liver cancers and 93% for pancreatic cancer, closer to the expected rates than the margins according to van Herk's formula.ConclusionsOur proposed formula based on the GUM and motion probability distributions (MPD) accurately calculated the practical margin size for fiducial marker‐based RTTT. This was verified through MC simulations.
In situ adjustment of a visco hyper elastic model for stretch blow molding process simulation of poly‐ethylene terephthalate bottles
Authors: Luo Yun‐Mei , Tantchou Yakam Guy , Charlot Remi , Chevalier Luc , Savajano Romain 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSimulation of the stretch blow molding (SBM) process necessitates to develop a model able to reproduce the material behavior at high strain rate, large deformation with temperature gradient. On the other hand, both the need to understand polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material characteristics and the final bottle performance requirements continue to get higher. That necessitates a regular update of the identification of the model. Bottle producers are interested by managing this identification without a specific complex apparatus not available in an industrial context. The work presented here describes an in‐situ adjustment process for upgrading all parameters of a visco‐hyperelastic (VHE) model from a small number of blowing tests that do not necessitate complex equipment. The accuracy of the adjustment process is validated through the ability of the updated VHE model to reproduce the final shape, the pressure evolution and the tension of the rod during an industrial blowing of PET bottles.
Ion Pre‐Embedding Engineering of δ‐MnO2 for Chemically Self‐Charging Aqueous Zinc Ions Batteries
Authors: Jia Hongfeng , Li Yanxin , Fu Lihua , Ali Usman , Liu Bingqiu , Zhang Lingyu , Wang Haozhi , Li Lu , Wang Heng‐Guo , Wang Chungang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), especially those with self‐charging properties, have been promisingly developed in recent years. Yet, most inorganic materials feature high redox potential, which limit their development in the self‐charging field. To achieve this target, by pre‐embedding potassium ions into δ‐MnO2 to reduce the energy barrier in oxygen adsorption, the first application of MnO2 in self‐charging ZIBs is realized. The design features a facile two‐electrode configuration with no excessively complex component to allow for energy storage and conversion. Due to the voltage difference between the oxygen in the air and the discharge products, a redox reaction can be carried out spontaneously to realize the self‐charging process. After the chemical self‐charging process, the Zn‐K0.37MnO2·0.54H2O/C cell achieves an open circuit voltage of around 1.42 V and a discharge capacity of 201 mAh g−1, reflecting the promising self‐charging capability. Besides, the chemically self‐charging ZIBs operate well in multiple modes of constant current charge/discharge/chemical charging. And decent cycling capability can also be achieved at extreme temperatures and high mass loading. This work promotes the development of ZIBs and further broadens the application of inorganic metal oxides in the self‐charging systems.
Strengthened Surface Modification for High‐Performance Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with 21.3% Efficiency
Authors: Liu Yali , Xiang Wanchun , Xu Tianfei , Zhang Hao , Xu Haojie , Zhang Yuchen , Qi Wenzhuo , Liu Lidan , Yang Tengteng , Wang Zezhang , Liu Shengzhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetal halide inorganic perovskites show excellent thermal stability compared to organic‐inorganic perovskites. However, the performance of inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is far from theoretical values, together with unsatisfactory stability, mainly due to the poor interfacial properties. In this work, a facial but effective method is reported to realize high‐performance inorganic PSCs by post‐modifying the perovskite surface with 2‐thiophene ethylamine (TEA). It is found that amine group from TEA can favorably interact with the undercoordinated Pb2+ via Lewis acid‐based coordination, while thiophene ring with electron‐rich sulfur assists such interaction by functioning as an electron donor. The synergetic interaction allows TEA to passivate perovskite film defects more efficiently, as compared to phenethylamine (PEA) with less electron‐donating ability. Moreover, perovskite valence band is slightly upward shift to match with hole transport material and facilitate hole transfer. These combinations result in a reduced non‐radiative charge recombination and improved charge carrier lifetime. Consequently, PSCs with TEA modification shows a drastic improvement of VOC by 54 mV, yielding a champion PCE of 21.3%, much higher than the control PSCs (19.3%), along with improved ambient stability. This work demonstrates that surface modifier with an electron‐rich moiety is critical for achieving efficient and stable inorganic PSCs.
Highly Reversible Ti/Sn Oxide Nanocomposite Electrodes for Lithium Ion Batteries Obtained by Oxidation of Ti3Al(1‐x)SnxC2 Phases
Authors: Ostroman Irene , Ferrara Chiara , Marchionna Stefano , Gentile Antonio , Vallana Nicholas , Sheptyakov Denis , Lorenzi Roberto , Ruffo Riccardo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAmong the materials for the negative electrodes in Li‐ion batteries, oxides capable of reacting with Li+ via intercalation/conversion/alloying are extremely interesting due to their high specific capacities but suffer from poor mechanical stability. A new way to design nanocomposites based on the (Ti/Sn)O2 system is the partial oxidation of the tin‐containing MAX phase of Ti3Al(1‐x)SnxO2 composition. Exploiting this strategy, this work develops composite electrodes of (Ti/Sn)O2 and MAX phase capable of withstanding over 600 cycles in half cells with charge efficiencies higher than 99.5% and specific capacities comparable to those of graphite and higher than lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) or MXenes electrodes. These unprecedented electrochemical performances are also demonstrated at full cell level in the presence of a low cobalt content layered oxide and explained through an accurate chemical, morphological, and structural investigation which reveals the intimate contact between the MAX phase and the oxide particles. During the oxidation process, electroactive nanoparticles of TiO2 and Ti(1‐y)SnyO2 nucleate on the surface of the unreacted MAX phase which therefore acts both as a conductive agent and as a buffer to preserve the mechanical integrity of the oxide during the lithiation and delithiation cycles.
Do post‐surgical multiresistant urinary infections occur in horses? Case of unilateral pyelonephritis caused by extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing bacteria as a complication of cystotomy
Authors: Scala Elisa , van Galen Gaby , Skärlina Elin M. , Durie Inge 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPyelonephritis is a serious condition that is rarely described in horses. In contrast, urinary tract infections are common in humans and small animals, and multi‐drug‐resistant urinary infections are an emerging threat. In this report, we describe a horse with unilateral pyelonephritis caused by extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing bacteria belonging to the Enterobacter cloacae complex. [Correction added on 9 August 2023, after first online publication: The preceding sentence was corrected.] An 11‐year‐old Swedish warmblood gelding was diagnosed with a cystolith and a cystotomy through an open left para‐inguinal approach was performed. Seven days after surgery the horse presented with pyrexia, dullness and colic. Diagnostic testing and renal transabdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a right‐sided pyelonephritis. Culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed a pure growth of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases‐producing E. cloacae complex bacteria with resistance against beta‐lactams, aminoglycoside and trimethoprim–sulphonamide classes. Treatment included prolonged oral antimicrobials according to susceptibility testing results (enrofloxacin), judicious use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, fluid therapy and gastric ulcer prophylaxis. The horse recovered successfully and is currently in good health (follow‐up of 5 years). Once the infection resolved, unilateral renal scarring occurred. Multidrug‐resistant upper‐urinary infections occur in horses and should be considered in a post‐surgical patient that develops fever. Early diagnosis, urine bacterial culturing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were crucial in this case to successful management.
Genetic diversity and relatedness in captive collared peccariesDicotyles tajacu(Linnaeus, 1758) (Cetartiodactyla: Tayassuidae) estimated by microsatellite genotyping using high‐throughput sequencing: Implications for their conservation and reintroduction
Authors: Gomes Paula Teixeira , Rosse Izinara Cruz , Moraes Lauro Ângelo Gonçalves , Kalapothakis Evanguedes , de Azevedo Cristiano Schetini , Cardoso Danon Clemes , Cristiano Maykon Passos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe global population ofDicotyles tajacu(Linnaeus, 1758) (Cetartiodactyla: Tayassuidae), commonly known as the collared peccary and distributed in the Neotropics, is currently in decline due to anthropogenic pressures. In this study, five microsatellite loci were used to genetically characterize a group of 20 captive‐born collared peccaries intended for reintroduction. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and relatedness of captive individuals using microsatellite markers. The genetic data generated were used to evaluate the viability of the reintroduction and to propose measures for the management and conservation of this species. In this study, we found relatively high genetic diversity indices, indicating that the group was genetically diverse. Inbreeding coefficients with negative values were observed, indicating an excess of alleles in heterozygosis and an absence of inbreeding. One locus showed deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, which may have been caused by the mixing of individuals from different origins. Relatedness analysis indicated that some individuals were highly related, with coefficients indicating they may be first‐degree relatives. Our findings indicate that the studied group has enough genetic diversity to be released into nature, but the high individual relatedness found would require the adoption of strategies after the release of animals in the wild to ensure their persistence.
Updated constraints and future prospects on majoron dark matter
Authors: Akita Kensuke , Niibo Michiru 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMajorons are (pseudo-)Nambu-Goldstone bosons associated with lepton number symmetry breaking due to the Majorana mass term of neutrinos introduced in the seesaw mechanism. They are good dark matter candidates since their lifetime is suppressed by the lepton number breaking scale. We update constraints and discuss future prospects on majoron dark matter in the singlet majoron models based on neutrino, gamma-ray, and cosmic-ray telescopes in the mass region of MeV–10 TeV.
Comments on Non-invertible Symmetries in Argyres-Douglas Theories
Authors: Carta Federico , Giacomelli Simone , Mekareeya Noppadol , Mininno Alessandro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate the presence of non-invertible symmetries in an infinite family of superconformal Argyres-Douglas theories. This class of theories arises from diagonal gauging of the flavor symmetry of a collection of multiple copies of Dp(SU(N)) theories. The same set of theories that we study can also be realized from 6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) compactification on a torus. The main example in this class is the (A2, D4) theory. We show in detail that this specific theory bears the same structures of non-invertible duality and triality defects as those of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills with gauge algebra 𝔰𝔲(2). We extend this result to infinitely many other Argyres-Douglas theories in the same family, including those with central charges a = c whose conformal manifold is one dimensional, and those with a ≠ c whose conformal manifold has dimension larger than one. Our result is supported by examining certain special cases that can be realized in terms of theories of class 𝒮.
Generalized non-local R2-like inflation
Authors: Koshelev Alexey S. , Kumar K. Sravan , Starobinsky Alexei A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The R2 inflation which is an extension of general relativity (GR) by quadratic scalar curvature introduces a quasi-de Sitter expansion of the early Universe governed by Ricci scalar being an eigenmode of d’Alembertian operator. In this paper, we derive a most general theory of gravity admitting R2 inflationary solution which turned out to be higher curvature non-local extension of GR. We study in detail inflationary perturbations in this theory and analyse the structure of form-factors that leads to a massive scalar (scalaron) and massless tensor degrees of freedom. We argue that the theory contains only finite number of free parameters which can be fixed by cosmological observations. We derive predictions of our generalized non-local R2-like inflation and obtain the scalar spectral index ns ≈ 1 − $$ \frac{2}{N} $$

2
N

and any value of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r < 0.036. In this theory, tensor spectral index can be either positive or negative nt ≶ 0 and the well-known consistency relation r = –8nt is violated in a non-trivial way. We also compute running of the tensor spectral index and discuss observational implications to distinguish this model from several classes of scalar field models of inflation. These predictions allow us to probe the nature of quantum gravity in the scope of future CMB and gravitational wave observations. Finally we comment on how the features of generalized non-local R2-like inflation cannot be captured by established notions of the so-called effective field theory of single field inflation and how we must redefine the way we pursue inflationary cosmology.