bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Membrane protease prostasin promotes insulin secretion by regulating the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway
Authors: Ishii Toshihisa , Miyasato Yoshikazu , Ichijo Masashi , Uchimura Kohei , Furuya Fumihiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProstasin (PRSS8) is a serine protease that metabolizes and moderates the effect of specific substrates. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which modulates insulin secretion and pancreatic β-cell proliferation, is regulated via proteolytic shedding by PRSS8. We first detected PRSS8 expression in β-cells of pancreatic islets of mice. To better understand the molecular processes involved in PRSS8-associated insulin secretion, pancreatic β-cell-specific PRSS8 knockout (βKO) and PRSS8-overexpressing (βTG) male mice were generated. We found that glucose intolerance and reduction in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion developed in βKO mice compared with the control subjects. A higher response to glucose was noted in islets retrieved from βTG mice. Erlotinib, a specific blocker of EGFR, blocks EGF- and glucose-stimulated secretion of insulin among MIN6 cells, and glucose improves EGF release from β-cells. After silencing PRSS8 in MIN6 cells, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion decreased, and EGFR signaling was impaired. Conversely, overexpression of PRSS8 in MIN6 cells induced higher concentrations of both basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and increased phospho-EGFR concentrations. Furthermore, short-term exposure to glucose improved the concentration of endogenous PRSS8 in MIN6 cells through inhibition of intracellular degradation. These findings suggest that PRSS8 is involved in glucose-dependent physiological regulation of insulin secretion via the EGF–EGFR signaling pathway in pancreatic β-cells.
Optimizing upside variability and antifragility in renewable energy system design
Authors: Coppitters Diederik , Contino Francesco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the considerable uncertainty in predicting critical parameters of renewable energy systems, the uncertainty during system design is often marginally addressed and consistently underestimated. Therefore, the resulting designs are fragile, with suboptimal performances when reality deviates significantly from the predicted scenarios. To address this limitation, we propose an antifragile design optimization framework that redefines the indicator to optimize variability and introduces an antifragility indicator. The variability is optimized by favoring upside potential and providing downside protection towards a minimum acceptable performance, while the skewness indicates (anti)fragility. An antifragile design primarily enhances positive outcomes when the uncertainty of the random environment exceeds initial estimations. Hence, it circumvents the issue of underestimating the uncertainty in the operating environment. We applied the methodology to the design of a wind turbine for a community, considering the Levelized Cost Of Electricity (LCOE) as the quantity of interest. The design with optimized variability proves beneficial in 81% of the possible scenarios when compared to the conventional robust design. The antifragile design flourishes (LCOE drops by up to 120%) when the real-world uncertainty is higher than initially estimated in this paper. In conclusion, the framework provides a valid metric for optimizing the variability and detects promising antifragile design alternatives.
Preparation and characterization of different micro/nano structures on the surface of bredigite scaffolds
Authors: Qin Changcai , Che Dezhao , Liu Dongxue , Zhang Zefei , Feng Yihua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe preparation of controllable micro/nano structures on the surface of the bredigite scaffold is expected to exhibit the same support and osteoconductive capabilities as living bone. However, the hydrophobicity of the white calciμm silicate scaffold surface restricts the adhesion and spreading of osteoblasts. Furthermore, during the degradation process of the bredigite scaffold, the release of Ca2+ results in an alkaline environment around the scaffold, which inhibits the growth of osteoblasts. In this study, the three-dimensional geometry of the Primitive surface in the three-periodic minimal surface with an average curvature of 0 was used as the basis for the scaffold unit cell, and a white hydroxyapatite scaffold was fabricated via photopolymerization-based 3D printing. Nanoparticles, microparticles, and micro-sheet structures with thicknesses of 6 μm, 24 μm, and 42 μm, respectively, were prepared on the surface of the porous scaffold through a hydrothermal reaction. The results of the study indicate that the micro/nano surface did not affect the morphology and mineralization ability of the macroporous scaffold. However, the transition from hydrophobic to hydrophilic resulted in a rougher surface and an increase in compressive strength from 45 to 59–86 MPa, while the adhesion of the micro/nano structures enhanced the scaffold's ductility. In addition, after 8 days of degradation, the pH of the degradation solution decreased from 8.6 to around 7.6, which is more suitable for cell growth in the hμman body. However, there were issues of slow degradation and high P element concentration in the degradation solution for the microscale layer group during the degradation process, so the nanoparticle and microparticle group scaffolds could provide effective support and a suitable environment for bone tissue repair.
Chemical composition of extracts from leaves, stems and roots of wasabi (Eutrema japonicum) and their anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities
Authors: Dos Santos Szewczyk Katarzyna , Skowrońska Weronika , Kruk Aleksandra , Makuch-Kocka Anna , Bogucka-Kocka Anna , Miazga-Karska Małgorzata , Grzywa-Celińska Anna , Granica Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to evaluate the composition of the extracts obtained from the roots and leaves of Eutrema japonicum cultivated in Poland. For this purpose, LC-DAD-IT-MS and LC-Q-TOF-MS analyses were used. The results revealed the presence of forty-two constituents comprising glycosinolates, phenylpropanoid glycosides, flavone glycosides, hydroxycinnamic acids, and other compounds. Then, the resultant extracts were subjected to an assessment of the potential cytotoxic effect on human colon adenocarcinoma cells, the effect on the growth of probiotic and intestinal pathogenic strains, as well as their anti-inflammatory activity. It was demonstrated that 60% ethanol extract from the biennial roots (WR2) had the strongest anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities compared to the other samples. Our results suggest that extracts from E. japonicum may be considered as a promising compound for the production of health-promoting supplements.
Effects of anoxic prognostic model on immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Wu Yangdong , Kou Qingyan , Sun Lin , Hu Xiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer has one of the worst prognoses in the world, which suggests that the tumor microenvironment, which is characterized by hypoxia and immunosuppression, plays a significant role in the prognosis and progression of pancreatic cancer. We identified PLAU, LDHA, and PKM as key genes involved in pancreatic cancer hypoxia through GO/KEGG enrichment related hypoxia pathways and cox regression, established prognostic models, and studied their relationship to immune invasion through bioinformatics using R and related online databases. We verified the high expression of PLAU, LDHA, and PKM in pancreatic cancer cells using qPCR in vitro, and we also discovered that the expression of PLAU, LDHA, and PKM in hypoxic pancreatic cancer cells differed from that in normal cultured pancreatic cancer cells. Finally, we discovered that our prognostic model accurately predicted postrain in pancreatic cancer patients with hypoxia and immune infiltration.
Global tropical cyclone precipitation scaling with sea surface temperature
Authors: Stansfield Alyssa M. , Reed Kevin A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation and sea surface temperature (SST) is essential for both TC hazard forecasting and projecting how these hazards will change in the future due to climate change. This work untangles how global TC precipitation is impacted by present-day SST variability (known as apparent scaling) and by long-term changes in SST caused by climate change (known as climate scaling). A variety of datasets are used including precipitation and SST observations, realistic climate model simulations, and idealized climate model simulations. The apparent scaling rates depend on precipitation metric; examples shown here have ranges of 6.1 to 9.5% per K versus 5.9 to 9.8% per K for two different metrics. The climate scaling is estimated at about 5% per K, which is slightly less than the atmospheric moisture scaling based on thermodynamic principles of about 7% per K (i.e., the Clausius–Clapeyron scaling). The apparent scaling is greater than the climate scaling, which implies that the relationship between TC precipitation and present-day SST variability should not be used to project the long-term response of TC precipitation to climate change.
Cerebellar contributions to a brainwide network for flexible behavior in mice
Authors: Verpeut Jessica L. , Bergeler Silke , Kislin Mikhail , William Townes F. , Klibaite Ugne , Dhanerawala Zahra M. , Hoag Austin , Janarthanan Sanjeev , Jung Caroline , Lee Junuk , Pisano Thomas J. , Seagraves Kelly M. , Shaevitz Joshua W. , Wang Samuel S.-H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe cerebellum regulates nonmotor behavior, but the routes of influence are not well characterized. Here we report a necessary role for the posterior cerebellum in guiding a reversal learning task through a network of diencephalic and neocortical structures, and in flexibility of free behavior. After chemogenetic inhibition of lobule VI vermis or hemispheric crus I Purkinje cells, mice could learn a water Y-maze but were impaired in ability to reverse their initial choice. To map targets of perturbation, we imaged c-Fos activation in cleared whole brains using light-sheet microscopy. Reversal learning activated diencephalic and associative neocortical regions. Distinctive subsets of structures were altered by perturbation of lobule VI (including thalamus and habenula) and crus I (including hypothalamus and prelimbic/orbital cortex), and both perturbations influenced anterior cingulate and infralimbic cortex. To identify functional networks, we used correlated variation in c-Fos activation within each group. Lobule VI inactivation weakened within-thalamus correlations, while crus I inactivation divided neocortical activity into sensorimotor and associative subnetworks. In both groups, high-throughput automated analysis of whole-body movement revealed deficiencies in across-day behavioral habituation to an open-field environment. Taken together, these experiments reveal brainwide systems for cerebellar influence that affect multiple flexible responses.
Realistic scheme for quantum simulation of $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$ lattice gauge theories with dynamical matter in (2 + 1)D
Authors: Homeier Lukas , Bohrdt Annabelle , Linsel Simon , Demler Eugene , Halimeh Jad C. , Grusdt Fabian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGauge fields coupled to dynamical matter are ubiquitous in many disciplines of physics, ranging from particle to condensed matter physics, but their implementation in large-scale quantum simulators remains challenging. Here we propose a realistic scheme for Rydberg atom array experiments in which a $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$

Z

2

gauge structure with dynamical charges emerges on experimentally relevant timescales from only local two-body interactions and one-body terms in two spatial dimensions. The scheme enables the experimental study of a variety of models, including (2 + 1)D $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$

Z

2

lattice gauge theories coupled to different types of dynamical matter and quantum dimer models on the honeycomb lattice, for which we derive effective Hamiltonians. We discuss ground-state phase diagrams of the experimentally most relevant effective $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$

Z

2

lattice gauge theories with dynamical matter featuring various confined and deconfined, quantum spin liquid phases. Further, we present selected probes with immediate experimental relevance, including signatures of disorder-free localization and a thermal deconfinement transition of two charges.
Probe for bound states of SU(3) fermions and colour deconfinement
Authors: Chetcuti Wayne J. , Polo Juan , Osterloh Andreas , Castorina Paolo , Amico Luigi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFermionic artificial matter realized with cold atoms grants access to an unprecedented degree of control on sophisticated many-body effects with an enhanced flexibility of the operating conditions. Here, we consider three-component fermions with attractive interactions to study the formation of complex bound states, whose nature goes beyond the standard fermion pairing occurring in quantum materials. Such systems display clear analogies with quark matter. We address the nature of the bound states of a three-component fermionic system in a ring-shaped trap through the persistent current. In this way, we demonstrate that we can distinguish between color superfluid and trionic bound states. By analyzing finite temperature effects, we show how finite temperature can lead to the deconfinement of bound states. For weak interactions, the deconfinement occurs because of scattering states. In this regime, the deconfinement depends on the trade-off between interactions and thermal fluctuations. For strong interactions the features of the persistent current result from the properties of a suitable gas of bound states.
Reduced mitochondrial calcium uptake in macrophages is a major driver of inflammaging
Authors: Seegren Philip V. , Harper Logan R. , Downs Taylor K. , Zhao Xiao-Yu , Viswanathan Shivapriya B. , Stremska Marta E. , Olson Rachel J. , Kennedy Joel , Ewald Sarah E. , Kumar Pankaj , Desai Bimal N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is linked to age-associated inflammation or inflammaging, but underlying mechanisms are not understood. Analyses of 700 human blood transcriptomes revealed clear signs of age-associated low-grade inflammation. Among changes in mitochondrial components, we found that the expression of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and its regulatory subunit MICU1, genes central to mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) signaling, correlated inversely with age. Indeed, mCa2+ uptake capacity of mouse macrophages decreased significantly with age. We show that in both human and mouse macrophages, reduced mCa2+ uptake amplifies cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations and potentiates downstream nuclear factor kappa B activation, which is central to inflammation. Our findings pinpoint the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex as a keystone molecular apparatus that links age-related changes in mitochondrial physiology to systemic macrophage-mediated age-associated inflammation. The findings raise the exciting possibility that restoring mCa2+ uptake capacity in tissue-resident macrophages may decrease inflammaging of specific organs and alleviate age-associated conditions such as neurodegenerative and cardiometabolic diseases.
Tunable bandgaps in self-assembled transition metal-incorporated heterometallic M2Sb4 (M = V, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu) oxo clusters
Authors: Navaneetha Tokala , Ugandhar Uppara , Samuel Calvin , Guizouarn Thierry , Pointillart Fabrice , Raghunathan Rajamani , Baskar Viswanathan 
Published: June 2023

The reaction of proligands with transition metal salts/base under solvothermal conditions forms heterometallic M2Sb4 oxo clusters. A reduction in bandgap from 4.2 eV (Sb6 oxo clusters) to 3.35–1.83 eV is observed.
Dust dynamics in current sheets within protoplanetary disks
Authors: Lebreuilly U. , Mac Low M.-M. , Commerçon B. , Ebel D. S. 
Published: June 2023

Context.Chondrules originate from the reprocessing of dust grains. They are key building blocks of telluric planets, yet their formation, which must happen in strongly localized regions of high temperature, remains poorly understood.Aims.We examine the dust spatial distribution near regions of strong local heating produced by current sheets, as a step toward exploring a potential path for chondrule formation. We further aim to investigate current sheet formation under various conditions in protoplanetary disks in the presence of ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic resistivity and the effect of current sheet morphology on dust dynamics in their vicinity.Methods.We used the RAMSES code including modules for nonideal magnetohydrodynamics and the solution of the dynamics of multiple sizes of dust grains to compute unstratified shearing box simulations of current sheet formation. Through seven models, we investigated the effect of the ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic resistivity strength, the initial density, and magnetic field, as well as the resolution and box size.Results.We find that current sheets form in all our models, with typical widths of 10−3–10−2AU, and that strong dust fraction variations occur for millimeter-sized grains. These variations are typically of an order of magnitude and up to two orders of magnitude for the most favorable cases. We also show that the box size and resolution has a strong impact on the current sheet distribution and intensity.Conclusions.The formation of current sheets that can intensely heat their surroundings near strong dynamical dust fraction variations could have important implications for chondrule formation, as it appears likely to happen in regions with a large dust fraction.
A biased random-key genetic algorithm for the chordal completion problem
Authors: Silva Samuel E. , Ribeiro Celso C. , dos Santos Souza Uéverton 
Published: June 2023

A graph is chordal if all its cycles of length greater than or equal to four contain a chord,i.e., an edge connecting two nonconsecutive vertices of the cycle. Given a graphG= (V, E), the chordal completion problem consists in finding the minimum set of edges to be added toGto obtain a chordal graph. It has applications in sparse linear systems, database management and computer vision programming. In this article, we developed a biased random-key genetic algorithm (BRKGA) for solving the chordal completion problem, based on the strategy of manipulating permutations that represent perfect elimination orderings of triangulations. Computational results show that the proposed heuristic improve the results of the constructive heuristics fill-in and min-degree. We also developed a strategy for injecting externally constructed feasible solutions coded as random keys into the initial population of the BRKGA that significantly improves the solutions obtained and may benefit other implementations of biased random-key genetic algorithms.
Reduced cutout for reverse oblique intertrochanteric hip fractures treated with trochanteric fixation advanced (TFN-A) nail compared to the short gamma-3 nail
Authors: Elbaz Etay , Morgan Samuel , Factor Shai , Shaked Or , Graif Nadav , Ben-Tov Tomer , Khoury Amal , Warschawski Yaniv 
Published: June 2023

Background: Reverse oblique fractures (AO/OTA 31-A3) account for 5–23% of all intertrochanteric fractures and are challenging to manage. The Gamma 3-Proximal Femoral Nail (GPFN) and the Trochanteric Fixation Nail Advanced (TFNA) are two common cephalomedullary systems used to treat this fracture. No study has reported on outcomes with the TFN-A for reverse oblique fractures. This study aimed to compare outcomes and complication rates in patients with reverse oblique fractures, treated with either TFNA or GPFN. Patients and methods: A total of 203 patients with reverse oblique fractures (137 in the GPFN group and 66 in the TFNA group), were treated in our institution between June 2010 and May 2019. Data was collected on postoperative radiological variables including screw or blade location, and tip-apex distance (TAD). Data were also collected for non-orthopaedic complication rates and orthopaedic complications. A sub-group analysis was additionally performed for different nail lengths. Results: We found no significant difference in the overall rate of complications and revisions between the two groups. Patients treated with the 235 mm TFN-A nail sustained lower rates of cutout, compared to 180 mm GPFN (GPFN: 6% TFN-A: 0%, p = 0.043). The frequency of revision surgeries and malunions/non-unions did not differ significantly between the two groups and additionally showed no difference in the subgroup analysis. Conclusion: The 235 mm TFN-A was associated with lower rates of cut-out compared to the short GPFN for reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures. Future well-designed prospective studies are warranted to investigate the role of the TFN-A in improving outcomes for such fractures.
Hsa_Circ_0104206 is An Oncogenic circRNA in Colon Cancer by Targeting
Mir-188–3p/CCNA2 Axis
Authors: Li Zhong , Li Quanfu , Chen Zhuo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe identification of specific biomarkers is essential to improve cancer therapy,
and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have great potency to be biomarkers. We harbor the
goal to unveil the role of circ_0104206 in colon cancer (CC). The relative
expressions of circ_0104206, miR-188–3p and CCNA2 in different groups
were studied using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) or western blotting. The
proliferative and migratory capacity of cancer cells were monitored via CCK-8,
colony formation and Transwell assays. The transplanted tumor models were
generated to analyze circ_0104206’s role in vivo. The putative
relationship between miR-188–3p and circ_0104206 or CCNA2 by
bioinformatics tools was testified through dual-luciferase or RIP assay. The
abnormal elevation of circ_0104206 expression was observed in CC. Circ_0104206
silencing repressed CC cell proliferative and migratory behaviors, and also
decelerated tumor development in animal models. MiR-188–3p was directly
targeted by circ_0104206, and its inhibitor had the ability to reverse the
anticancer effects of circ_0104206 silencing on CC cells. CCNA2 was a target
downstream of circ_0104206/miR-188–3p network. Moreover, the
repressive effects of CCNA2 absence on cell proliferation and migration were
attenuated by miR-188–3p inhibitor. In conclusion, Circ_0104206 plays
oncogenic roles in CC via the implication of miR-188–3p/CCNA2
network, which further discloses CC pathogenesis and supplies potential markers
for CC.