bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Length of stay in the pediatrics emergency department and associated factors among pediatrics patients in Eastern Ethiopia public hospital, Ethiopia 2022
Authors: Melkamu Netsanet , Faris Amelmasin , Yigezu Muluken , Hailu Mickiale , Atle Anteneh , Kasahun Manaye , Kebede Mohammed , Embiale Tsegasew , Tesfay Tsinukal , Amsalu Sewmehone , Tadese Yakob , Tesfaye Bruck , Berie Gebrehiwot 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Patient length of stay is a crucial measure of the emergency department, and it is a vital indicator of health services to evaluate its efficacy, patient care, organizational management, and health care system. Despite this, there are a few studies conducted on pediatric emergency length of stay in developing countries. Therefore, this study serves as input for evidence of pediatric emergency length of stay and associated factors in public hospitals.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children who attended in pediatric emergency department of Eastern Ethiopia public hospital from May 01 to Jun 31, 2022. A total of 761 children were selected by systematic sampling technique and interview using structured questionnaires. After data is collected and cleaned, entered using Epi data version 4.6 and then exported to Stata version 14.1 for analysis. Finally, an AOR with a 95% CI was computed, and variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were taken as significant factors for prolonged length of stay.

Result
The prevalence of prolonged length of stay in the emergency ward was 214 (72%). Living in a rural residence ([AOR = 1.65, 95% CI (1.10–2.48)], having a duration of pain > = 12 ([AOR = 1.92, 95% CI (1.13–3.25)], waiting time > = 5 minute ([AOR = 2.24, 95% CI (1.1–4.248541)], having comorbid illness ([AOR = 1.92, 95%CI, 1.13–3.25)], and higher acuity level and absence of medication in the hospital were ([AOR = 2.26, 95%CI (1.02–2.46]) were significantly associated factors for prolonged length of stay.

Conclusion and recommendation
This study revealed that more than two-thirds of children admitted to pediatric emergency had prolonged lengths of stay. This result indicated that higher proportion of the length of stay in pediatric emergency in Eastern Ethiopian public hospitals compare to national. Hence, it is better to give priority to strengthening the focused evaluation of important variables and manage accordingly.
Factors associated with the delay in diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at the patient and health system level: A study from a rural setting in India
Authors: Hassan Shoaib , Yaesoubi Reza , Magnus Ole Bjørgaas Helle , Kanthali Mala , Purohit Manju Raj , Mustafa Tehmina 
Published: January 2025

Background
With the proportion of tuberculosis cases that are extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) increasing in recent years, understanding and addressing factors contributing to the prolonged time to diagnosis (TTD) of EPTB patients is vital.

Methods
We enrolled presumptive EPTB patients for a cohort study from 2018–2020 in Ujjain, India. Based on a structured questionnaire, the patients were interviewed for socio-demographic and clinical information, including previously visited health facilities (HF) for this illness. We analysed patients’ TTD, healthcare access, and referral pathways.

Findings
EPTB (54%) and non-TB (58%) patients visited dispensaries during their first visit to a formal HF. Patients visited multiple HFs, including dispensaries (54%) and regional hospitals (32%), during 1–4 visits but did not receive an appropriate diagnosis. Less than 2% of the patients accessed private HFs. Most of the adult EPTB (83%) and non-TB (76%) patients were self-referred to our study site, where they were diagnosed. Our statistical models highlighted low-middle income groups, longer distances and longer travel time to HFs, and potentially less-empowered occupations as housewives with a prolonged TTD. Patients with a longer wait, including travel time, had a shorter TTD.

Conclusion
We found individual, societal-level, and structural barriers to healthcare access and utilisation and their association with diagnostic delay among adult and paediatric EPTB patients.
Association of varicose veins with the risk of heart failure: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Dongyeop , Park Moo-Seok , Park Ju-young , Song Tae-Jin 
Published: January 2025

Background
Research investigating the association between varicose veins (VV) and heart failure has been limited. Here, we examine this association within a nationwide longitudinal cohort, hypothesizing an increased risk of heart failure associated with the presence of VV.

Methods
Our study included 390,436 participants based on health screening results conducted from 2005 to 2010 in the South Korean health screening cohort database. Presence of VV was defined as having at least two claims based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes I830-832, I839, or I868. Propensity score matching (PSM) at a ratio of 1:5 was employed to categorize the participants into two groups based on the presence of VV. The primary outcome, heart failure incidence, was defined as two or more claims with ICD-10 code I50 during follow-up.

Results
Among the participants, presence of VV was noted in 5,008 (1.28%) individuals. Over a median follow-up period of 13.33 years (interquartile range 10.4–16.26), 55,023 cases of heart failure (14.0%) occurred. In the multivariable analysis, the group with VV consistently showed an increased incidence risk of heart failure compared to the group without VV, both before (hazard ratios [HR], 1.174; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.089–1.265) and after PSM (HR, 1.171; 95% CI, 1.070–1.283). Landmark analysis also found a consistent relationship between the presence of VV and the incidence risk of heart failure before (HR, 1.190; 95% CI, 1.103–1.285) and after PSM (HR, 1.144; 95% CI, 1.044–1.254).

Conclusions
This study revealed a significant increase in the risk of heart failure among patients with VV in the general population of South Korea. Given that the presence of VV is likely associated with an increased risk of heart failure in the general population, the potential for future heart failure should be taken into consideration when VV are present.
Rever Antígona em 2084
Authors: Silva Maria de Fátima 
Published: January 2025

Antígona 2084 é uma produção do brasileiro Rubens Siqueira, escrita e levada à cena em 2013. Assenta numa estranha harmonia entre o modelo sofocliano e o que poderíamos chamar ficção científica situada em 2084. De onde se infere que o anacronismo é uma estratégia essencial no suporte da intriga. Dos diferentes motivos que alimentaram a Antígona de Sófocles, a tónica preferencial na versão brasileira é de natureza política. Creonte, como paradigma do ditador, ganha por isso uma grande visibilidade. Além de todas as suas pechas de tirano, uma se acrescenta em função do próprio suporte anacrónico da peça: o ‘mandatário da nação’ é um robot, que funciona por cabos e órgãos biónicos, carentes daquela humanidade que a técnica ameaça irremediavelmente.
Reflorestando e Indigenalizando o conhecimento
Authors: Silva Andréia Rosalina 
Published: January 2025

Eliane Boroponepa Monzilar, é primeira mulher indígena doutora em Antropologia pela UnB. No ambiente acadêmico, Eliane percebeu a possibilidade de intensificar a militância em defesa de seu povo e a representatividade de seu lugar de fala. Em sua tese, a indígena agregou suas experiências, desde o processo de escolarização até a trajetória como professora e acadêmica, e apresentou os desafios e avanços da educação indígena na manutenção da cultura Umutina. “O trabalho também traz os saberes e memórias dos anciãos e lideranças, mas principalmente dos indígenas professores, que hoje se tornaram protagonistas de todo esse processo de revitalização e valorização de nossa cultura”. Eliane é professora em uma escola de sua comunidade e, em julho de 2019, tornou-se doutora pela UnB. Por sua trajetória, sabe da importância da educação pautada nos saberes dos povos tradicionais como instrumento para fortalecer sua cultura, fragilizada após os primeiros contatos com não indígenas, no século XX. (UnBNotícias, Serena Veloso, 30/07/2019)
Vozes negras e indígenas: políticas educacionais em curso, desafios em construção
Authors: Silva Maria Vieira , Souza Vilma Aparecida de , Richter Leonice Matilde , Souza Raquel Aparecida 
Published: January 2025

A clássica máxima aristotélica, em epígrafe, escrita há mais de vinte séculos na obra Ética a Nicômaco, Livro V, tem atravessado contextos e influenciado tratados internacionais, cartas constitucionais e legislações infraconstitucionais. A Constituição Federal de 1988, em seu Art. 5º, preconiza que “Todos são iguais perante a lei, sem distinção de qualquer natureza [...]”. Este dispositivo legal, por sua vez, constitui-se em um sustentáculo fundamental da dignidade humana e alicerce essencial do Estado Democrático de Direito, o qual sedimenta princípios de uma sociedade justa e solidária, sem preconceitos e quaisquer formas de discriminação. Sob tal perspectiva, a Constituição Federal prevê, ainda, em seu Artigo 3º, inciso IV “promover o bem de todos, sem preconceitos de origem, raça, sexo, cor, idade e quaisquer outras formas de discriminação”.
Innovative work behavior and job stress: Does supervisory support matter?
Authors: Yulabi Ruchan , Park Hun Myoung 
Published: January 2025

Background: Studies found both positive and negative outcome of innovative behavior. Previous research has explored the intended outcomes of innovative work behavior (IWB) extensively. However, there are limited studies examining the unintended impacts of innovative behavior. Therefore, study on this gap of knowledge is still worth exploring. Purpose: This paper study aims to test the negative impacts of innovative work behavior (IWB) on job stress. While previous studies stressed identifying factors promoting innovative work behavior, this study tries to uncover the negative impact of innovative work behavior along with how to buffer it. Method: 339 officers working in a public sector organization were asked to fill out questionnaires. Of 142 returned questionnaires, 118 were valid. The ordinary least square (OLS) regression was used to test the developed hypotheses.Findings: This study found that IWB positively correlated with job stress (r = .36, p < .01). Moreover, results indicated that PSS negatively moderated the relationship between IWB and job stress, b = -1.49, t(118) = -3.22, p < .01.Implication: Leaders in the public sector organization should be aware that while IWB is generally beneficial, it may cause the side effect of job stress for the innovator. Therefore, support from the supervisor is essential to buffer job stress.
Risk factor of sexual risk behavior among adolescents: A cross-sectional study from the Bolivia global school-based student health survey (GSHS)
Authors: Gunawan Yasmine Aulia , Suen Mein-Woei , Karl Peltzer 
Published: January 2025

Background: Many adolescents engage in sexual risk behaviors (SRBs). Purpose: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SRBs that lead to unintended sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and teen pregnancy. Method: The cross-sectional ‘Global School-Based Health Survey (GSHS)’ was conducted in 2018, with 6,940 Bolivian students aged 11–18 years or older responding to a questionnaire. The GSHS measure used in this survey included topics ranging from demographic information to sexual risk behaviors (SRB). Almost one-third of the students had ever had sex (33.7%), and nearly half of those who had sex had also consumed alcohol. Findings: In adjusted ordinal logistic regression analysis, ever drinking alcohol (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.22, 1.98]) and heavy alcohol use (AOR = 1.34, 95% CI [1.04, 1.74]) were positively associated with SRB. Conclusion: This study highlights the contribution of alcohol and substance use to the increasing prevalence of SRB among Bolivian adolescents. Additionally, 1 out of 3 students engage in SRB, reflecting a lack of sexual health education among adolescents. Implication: The study shows that nearly one in three adolescents in Bolivia engage in SRB, influenced by alcohol and substance use, school truancy, and lack of parental support. This highlights the urgent need for more comprehensive sexual education programs that address these interconnected issues. Stakeholders are encouraged to develop deeper, integrated approaches that focus on substance use prevention, improving school engagement, and fostering stronger family support to reduce SRB and promote healthier outcomes for adolescents.
Current Status and Development of Economic Analysis in Corporate Law and Securities Regulations in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Christopher Chao-hung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The article presents a survey on the adoption and evolution of economic analysis of law in Taiwan’s legal studies. Tracing its earlier introduction into Taiwan during the 1990s, returning scholars with post-graduate training in the United States drove the movement of law and economics literature during the pioneer period before peaking in the mid-2000s. However, there seems to be a gradual decline subsequent since 2006. Despite reduced explicit publications, this article argues that economic concepts continue to influence legal research implicitly with certain core economic concepts often cited in research papers. The article provides an overview of academic literature, examines corporate and financial law fields, judicial incorporation of economic analysis, and university courses, concluding that economic analysis has become an integral component of Taiwan’s legal scholarship.
Modular representations of GL2(𝔽𝑞) using calculus
Authors: Ghate Eknath , Jana Arindam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We show that certain modular induced representations of

GL
2

⁢

(

F
q

)

\mathrm{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q})

can be written as cokernels of operators acting on symmetric power representations of

GL
2

⁢

(

F
q

)

\mathrm{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q})

.
When the induction is from the Borel subgroup or the anisotropic torus, the operators involve multiplication by newly defined twisted Dickson polynomials or twisted Serre operators, respectively.
Our isomorphisms are explicitly defined using differential operators.
As a corollary, we improve some periodicity results for quotients in the theta filtration.
Free-form catenary-inspired meta-couplers for ultra-high or broadband vertical coupling
Authors: Chen Tianqu , Xu Mingfeng , Pu Mingbo , Tang Xi , Zheng Yuhan , Zeng Qingji , Xiao Yuting , Ha Yingli , Guo Yinghui , Zhang Fei , Chi Nan , Luo Xiangang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Metasurface-assisted waveguide couplers, or meta-couplers, innovatively link free-space optics with on-chip devices, offering flexibility for polarization and wavelength (de)multiplexing, mode-selective coupling, and guided mode manipulation. However, conventional meta-couplers still face challenges with low coupling efficiency and narrow bandwidth due to critical near-field coupling caused by waveguide constraints and unit-cell–based design approach, which cannot be accurately addressed using traditional design methods. In this paper, quasi-continuous dielectric catenary arrays are first employed to enhance efficiency and bandwidth by addressing adjacent coupling issues of discrete metasurface. Then, diffraction analysis demonstrates that the performance of forward-designed couplers is hindered by spurious diffraction orders and destructive interference. To further enhance performance, an adjoint-based topology optimization algorithm is utilized to customize electric near-field, which can effectively suppress spurious diffraction orders and destructive near-field interference, achieving ultra-high coupling efficiency of 93 % with 16.7 dB extinction ratios at 1,550 nm. Additionally, a broadband meta-coupler exceeds 350 nm bandwidth with 50 % average coupling efficiency across O- to L-bands using multiobjective optimization. These high-performance devices may render them suitable for applications in optical communications, sensing, and nonlinear optics. Moreover, the inverse design method shows potential for improving the performance of various metasurface-integrated on-chip devices.
Temporal localization of optical waves supported by a copropagating quasiperiodic structure
Authors: Yazdani-Kachoei Majid , Sacha Krzysztof , Malomed Boris A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research on time crystals concerns the spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry in time, as well as the realization of phenomena and phases known from solid-state physics in the time domain. Periodically driven systems of massive particles are widely used in these studies. In the present work, we consider a photonic system and demonstrate that stable nonlinear propagation of a strong optical wave in a fiber with the third-order dispersion may lead to the establishment of quasi-periodic oscillations in the electromagnetic field intensity. A second, weaker signal optical wave propagating in the fiber senses these oscillations and, as a result, undergoes exponential localization in time. This is a temporal analog of Aubry–André localization. If an optical detector is placed at a certain position in the fiber, the temporal localization of the probe wave will be observed in the form of the signal which emerges and then decays as a function of time.
НАУКА И ОТКРОВЕНИЕ В ГАУДИЯ-ВЕДАНТЕ
Authors: ПОПОВ Д.Н. 
Published: January 2025

В исследовании производится реконструкция позиции философской школы гаудияведанты по проблеме соотношения знаний откровения и знаний науки. Свойственные индийской философии, и в особенности веданте, небинарная логика и стратификация реальности позволяют предположить наличие более сложной позиции, выходящей за рамки дихотомии модернизма и традиционализма, т.е. отвержения авторитета знаний науки и откровения. Наличие сакрального и повседневного уровней реальности (парамартхика, вьявахарика) и знания (парамавидья и апаравидья) помогает реконструировать сочетание различных моделей соотношения откровения и научного знания. На уровне сакрального знания проявляются отношения по модели независимости или по модели конфликта (главным процессом гаудияведанты является внутренняя трансформация, а объектом - трансцендентный звук откровения, неподвергаемый сомнениям и эмпирическому анализу), а на уровне повседневной реальности проявляются отношения по модели диалога через вариативное толкование (вопросы истории, медицины, астрономии, биологии, географии), но без отрицания положений откровения, в отличие от либеральной теологии.
The study reconstructs the position of the philosophical school of Gaudiya Vedanta concerning the correlation between the knowledge of revelation and the knowledge of science. The nonbinary logic and stratification of reality, which are characteristic of Indian philosophy and especially Vedanta suggests the existence of a more complex position that goes beyond the dichotomy of modernism and traditionalism, i.e. rejection of the authority of knowledge of science or revelation. The presence of sacred and common levels of reality (paramarthika, vyavaharika) and knowledge (paramavidya and aparavidya) helps to reconstruct the combination of various models of the relationship between revelation and scientific knowledge. At the level of sacred knowledge, relations are manifested according to the model of independence or according to the model of conflict (the main process of Gaudiya Vedanta is internal transformation, and the object is the transcendental sound of revelation, not subject to doubt and empirical analysis); at the level of common reality, relations are manifested according to the model of dialogue through variable interpretation (issues of history, medicine, astronomy, biology, geography), but without denying the provisions of revelation, in contrast to liberal theology.
The Passion according to Antanas Vienuolis, or Once again about Figures of Nature and Human Meanings in the Short Story “The Drowned Girl”
Authors: Mačianskaitė Loreta 
Published: January 2025

Tyrimas skiriamas daugiausiai nagrinėtam lietuvių literatūros kūriniui Antano Vienuolio apsakymui „Paskenduolė“ (parašytas 1909, paskelbtas 1913), atsiliepiant į Algirdo Juliaus Greimo atliktą Guy de Maupassantʼo „Dviejų draugų“ analizę ir jos trikdantį teiginį, kad analizuotas apsakymas „Du draugai“ skaitytinas ne kaip realistinis, o kaip simbolistinis tekstas. Analizuojant „Paskenduolę“ atskleidžiama atskleidžiama sociolektinių vaizdinių ir idiolektinių interpretacijų poleminė struktūra, rekonstruojami socialinio lėmėjo ir sakytojo požiūrį artikuliuojantys figūratyvūs universumai, įrodinėjama, kad apsakymas atitinka daugiaizotopinio teksto definiciją, gali būti laikomas ir parakrikščionišku, ir antikrikščionišku mitu. Nagrinėjamas tekstas susiejamas su netiesiogiai išreikštu „rožančiaus“ ir „kryžiaus kelio“ maldų naratyvu bei vasaros švenčių ciklu, atveriama anagoginė prasmės prieiga. Kūrinio įtaigumas aiškintinas ir jo komunikacine strategija, primenančia religiniam menui būdingą pasijinį žiūrovo įsitraukimą. Kaip vienas iš vertingiausių šio apsakymo bruožų atsiskleidžia parabolėms būdingas į savarankišką suvokimą orientuoto adresato vaidmuo. Daroma išvada, kad „Paskenduolė“ – pirmas modernus mitinis diskursas lietuvių literatūroje.
Viktor Denisenko’s Novel The Vilnius Apocalypse (2022) in the Context of the Christian Apocalyptic Tradition
Authors: Burov Aleksej , Ickovič-Zenovič Diana 
Published: January 2025

This article focuses on Viktor Denisenko’s novel The Vilnius Apocalypse, published in 2022. It aims to examine the relationship between the novel’s plot and the Christian apocalyptic tradition, which gained its form in the High Middle Ages. To achieve this, a comparative analysis of the apocalyptic motifs and figures found in the narrative is carried out. The study suggests that the author makes extensive use of the elements of the Christian apocalyptic narrative, which undergo a transformation in the process of reception in terms of both form and content. The depiction of the end of the world in the novel does not reveal the transcendental aspect of apocalyptic thinking. Instead, in the narrative scenario the apocalypse is equated with a crisis and a large-scale catastrophe. The article concludes that the plot of The Vilnius Apocalypse cannot be considered as part of the Christian apocalyptic tradition.
From Prose to Picture: Critical Reflections on the Road and the Journey in John Steinbeck’s and John Ford’s The Grapes of Wrath
Authors: Festa Beatrice Melodia 
Published: January 2025

Since its release in 1940, John Ford’s adaptation of John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath has sustained significant popular interest. However, the film adaptation has been more frequently analyzed for its thematic content than appreciated for its visual aesthetics, likely due to its connection with Ford’s established cinematic legacy and its alignment with the broader corpus of works addressing the socio-economic struggles of Depression-era America. The aim of this article is to critically examine the visual significance of the road and the archetypal myth of the highway in Ford’s interpretation of The Grapes of Wrath. The analysis begins by exploring the theme of the journey as represented in Steinbeck’s novel, and then narrowing the focus to the portrayal of this motif in Ford’s cinematic adaptation. Within the literary text, the journey serves as a metaphor for dispossession, whereas in the film, the motifs of the “road” and “travel” substantiate the film’s alignment with the road movie genre. Ultimately, this article argues that Steinbeck’s novel was instrumental in shaping Hollywood’s enduring fascination with the journey and the road, themes which would later be re-elaborated in the road movie, a cinematic reworking of the road narrative.