bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MINIMASI BIAYA PEMBUATAN SABUN DARI MINYAK JELANTAH
Authors: Wahyuningsih Titi , Purwani Annie , Fathonah Cahaya Annisa 
Published: March 2023

Saat ini, penelitian pemanfaatan limbah minyak jelantah telah banyak dilakukan, salah satunya yaitu pembuatan sabun transparan dari minyak jelantah oleh anggota bank sampah. Pemanfaatan limbah minyak dalam pembuatan sabun diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber pendapatan baru di bank sampah dengan menjadikannya produk yang diperjual belikan. Pada penelitian ini sabun dibuat dengan tiga jenis essence yaitu lemon, jasmin tea dan biji bunga matahari. Perlu kita ketahui, sebelum produk didistribusikan ke konsumen, perlu dilakukan perhitungan perencaaan produksi agar hasil produksi dapat memenuhi permintaan konsumen. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan perencanaan produksi yaitu berupa penentuan jumlah produk yang akan diproduksi dari setiap jenis sabun dimana produksi yang dilakukan menggunakan sistem batch. Pada 1 batch produksi akan menghasilkan 8 pcs sabun dengan essence yang sama dalam satu 1 batch agar tercapai biaya produksi minimum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode integer linear programing dengan fungsi tujuan minimasi biaya produksi guna mengoptimalkan sumber daya yang tersedia dengan hasil berupa bilangan bulat. Probabilitas permintaan dalam penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan rantai marcov yang merujuk dari berbagai penelitian mengenai penentuan probabilitas kejadian yang akan datang berdasarkan data sebelumnya. Perhitungan berdasarkan data kuisioner minat konsumen terhadap sabun, dihitung menggunakan matriks hingga diperoleh keadaan steady state dan hasilnya dijadikan nilai batasan permintaan. Pengolahan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan software LINGO 11.0 sehingga diperoleh biaya minimum produksi sabun transparan sebesar Rp 219.632,- dengan jumlah sabun yang diproduksi pada masing-masing essence adalah 32 lemon, 24 jasmine tea dan 8 biji bunga matahari. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis sensitivitas pada kapasitas sumber daya baik bahan baku maupun sumber daya manusia untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap hasil yang optimal.
A Relationship Between Ethnocentrism and Purchase Decision Pattern of Consumer in Chennai City
Authors: Charulakshmi T. , Chandran M. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This research aimed to find out what causes consumer ethnocentrism. In addition, the study will look into the relationship between ethnocentrism and consumer purchase patterns in Chennai.

Theoretical Framework: Consumers are increasingly confronted with a wide selection of home and foreign products as marketplaces become more globalised. Consumer ethnocentric attitudes are one factor affecting the purchase of domestic versus international products.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A total of 139 consumers in Chennai were polled in this face-to-face study. Correlation and regression tests were used to analyse the data.

Findings: Consumer ethnocentrism is most strongly predicted by the factor 'prejudice.'

Research, Practical & Social Implications: According to the study, consumer ethnocentrism significantly and positively impacts customers' purchasing decision patterns.

Originality/Value: To develop successful marketing tactics inside and outside national borders, marketers must comprehend consumers' ethnocentric tendencies. The study's findings will also help marketers create and tailor their own strategic initiatives for the home market. The results of this study suggest that customer ethnocentrism and consumer shopping habits in Chennai are related.
A Comparative Study to Reveal Earnings Management in Emerging Markets: Evidence from Tunisia and Iraq
Authors: Flayyih Hakeem Hammood , Khiari Wided 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare and evaluate Earnings Management in Tunisia and Iraq.

Theoretical framework: Earnings Management is an important topic that has been studied by a significant number of researchers, as well as those who are interested in the accounting profession. Earnings Management has gotten a lot of attention from academics, professionals, and other interested parties in recent years (e.g. Kliestik et al., 2020; Rahman et al., 2021; Gamra &Ellouze, 2021)

Design/methodology/approach: The sample includes ten banks listed on the Bourse of Tunisia and Iraq Stock Exchanges for the year 2017. We have used a model of Kothari et al., (2005) as a tool to measure Earnings Management in both markets.

Findings: The result of the study indicates that companies listed in the two markets exercise Earnings Management. Practices for managing earnings are used to either enhance, decrease, or balance out earnings.

Research, Practical & Social implications: the approaches to Earnings Management take considerably different directions. As a result, the trend in Tunisia was among of profit growth. in contrast, the companies listed in (ISE) engage in Earnings Management with the intent of cutting profits. The evident indecait that taxation on businesses, political pressure from governments, and other factors may all be contributing factors to rising or falling earnings management practies.

Originality/value: the fact, our current study is the first to compare earnings management in companies operate in both the markets of Tunisia and Iraq.
Assessment of the Financial Sustainability of External Debt in Iraq: an Econometric Analysis
Authors: Al-Obaidi Mahdi Bashir Mahmoud , Almashhadani Abdulrahman Najm 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This paper aims to study the possibility of external debt achieving financial sustainability by learning the most important economic variables affected by external debt and possible scenarios to achieve financial sustainability.

Theoretical framework: The sustainability of external debt is one of the critical issues in economies, especially emerging ones. Establishing structural projects, infrastructure projects, and economic investment is one of the essential factors in achieving financial sustainability. However, Iraq has resorted to external borrowing to confront the economic, political, and security crises represented by the drop in global oil prices.

Design/methodology/approach: The research seeks to explore developments related to Iraq's foreign debt and analyze developments related to financial sustainability in the Iraqi economy. To achieve the research goal, the paper uses an analytical approach by analyzing external debt and economic variables for the period 2004-2021 and interpreting indicators of external debt and financial sustainability in Iraq for the period 2004-2021 using the econometric model.

Findings: The results show that the external debt is not optimally exploited and directed towards consumer spending and imported goods. A few of them are towards projects with low income, which led to the lack of real financial sustainability in the Iraqi economy. Furthermore, the increase in reliance on public borrowing to finance the budget deficit led to a rise in the internal debt, especially in 2020, which means an increase in financial obligations on the state not only abroad but also internally, which made the revenue structure burdened with financial commitments internally and externally, as well as not directing domestic savings to contribute In building the economy and working on its consumption, which prevented the achievement of financial sustainability.

Research, Practical & Social implications: This paper contributes to the search for an alternative standard model capable of effectively explaining the financial sustainability of the external debt in Iraq.

Originality/value: This is one of the first papers that examine the possibility of achieving the financial sustainability of external debt in Iraq using the econometric approach.
The Role Of Organizational Creativity In Achieving Strategic superiority Through Knowledge Sharing An Exploratory Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Managers In The Kufa Cement Factory
Authors: Kthiar Frah Gwad , Al-Hindawy Zainab Abdul Razzaq 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine the influence relationship between its variables in organizational creativity (sensitivity to problems, originality, flexibility, fluency, risk and challenge) in achieving strategic superiority (circles of influence, competitive pressure and competitive formation) through mediating knowledge exchange (individual dimension, organizational dimension) The technological dimension), and to identify the most prominent obstacles that prevent this, and the importance of the study lies in recognizing the extent of interest of the administrative leaders in the laboratory and the level of their abilities in the field of organizational creativity skills, strategic excellence and knowledge exchange.
Theoretical framework:The study touched on the theoretical side of the variables of the study and reviewed the most important concepts related to the variable of organizational creativity, knowledge sharing and strategic excellence.The problem of the study lies in not showing it in the Kufa Cement Factory’s vision of the extent of the impact of the presence of organizational innovation in achieving strategic excellence through knowledge participation,
Design/methodology/approach:where the questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting the necessary data and information, and an intended sample of (120) represented by (higher departments, was tested, and heads of departments, and managers of departments and units in Kufa Cement Factory), and the descriptive analytical method was mainly used in the presentation and analysis of the research.
Findings: The information was interpreted, and a set of statistical methods were relied on, such as confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling method to measure the effect relationship, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, path analysis, and Pearson's relationship through statistical programs. (SPSS v.24; Amos v.23).
Research, Practical & Social implications-:Among the most prominent results of the study, the laboratory management's interest in improving and developing the capabilities of workers, through the establishment of training courses for laboratory workers to improve and develop its products. His influential competitors in the sphere of influence, in light of his limited pursuit of market domination in front of them, and the ability of the factory to search for renewable ways and entrances to develop the strategic advantage of the company.
Originality/value:The freedom to find successful solutions that represent a serious response to change, and the adoption of flexible procedures through which the laboratory management achieves its goals away from specific job responsibilities.
Leadership and Entrepreneurship for Creativity and Survival of Tourism Villages in the Covid-19 Times: the Moderating Role of External Support
Authors: Dewi Ike Janita , Ginting Ginta 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This research has the objective of developing a theoretical model to provide insights into the association between leadership and entrepreneurship with tourism villages' ability to create creative products and survivability, while underlying the moderating role of external supports in such relationships. Empirically, this research is in-time since the government had priovided significant supports to the tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Theoretical framework: The current research takes the perspective of the rural tourism and creative tourism development (Raymond, 2007; Wu, et al., 2017). While past research has explored the role of leadership and entrepreneurship in the Small and Medium Enterprises context (Aslam and Awang, 2015; Zadel and Rudan, 2019), a dearth of research on those roles on Therefore there is still much to examine on the relationships between variables in a comprehensive model integrating leadership, entrepreneurship, creative product outcome, and business survival. Moreover, the external supports were included in the model as a moderating variable.

Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative research was conducted at tourism villages in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using SEM-PLS. The sample group consisted of 154 respondents who were tourism villages' managers.

Findings: Results show that (1) Tourism Village Leadership influences positively Creative Product Outcome and Business Survival, (2) Tourism Village Entrepreneurship influences positively Creative Product Outcome and Business Survival, (3) External Support moderates the influence of Tourism Village Leadership on Creative Product Outcome and Business Survival, 4) External Support moderates the influence of Tourism Village Entrepreneurship on Business Survival. However, External Support does not moderate the influence of Tourism Village Entrepreneurship on Creative Product Outcomes.

Research, Practical & Social implications: Such results portray the importance of leadership and entrepreneurship as well as external support in sustaining a tourism village.

Originality/value: The current research is particularly significant in the study of tourism village tourism development and at the same time theoretically develops a model that connects the variables that are important in the development of rural areas, namely leadership, entrepreneurship, and the ability of local communities to develop creative tourism products and survive in a business manner. As the moderating variable, the external role becomes important to assess its role in strengthening or weakening the potential that village communities have
The Challenges and Issues Faced by the New Appointed Academic Staffs of the University in the Emerging Market
Authors: Kamarudin Muhamad Ali Imran , Kamarruddin Nur Nadia Adjrina , Ramli Azahari , Murad Safwan Marwin Abdul 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The aim of this research is to explore the issues and challenges faced by the new appointed academic staffs of a public university in Malaysia.

Theoretical framework: The appointment of the new academic staffs in the university offers a whole new paradigm and dynamic while could be beneficial for the universities’ ecosystem entirely. Among the benefits are contributing new ideas and implementation for improvement as well as fostering positive attitude within the environment. However, the staffs could encounter with various issues and challenges at the entry stage which could deter his or her development further.

Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative approach is employed in this research where the academic staffs with less than 3 years’ working experience were interviewed in order to understanding the obstacles faced. The data gathered is analyzed using NVivo12 software.

Findings: The findings of this research revealed that issues pertaining Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), teaching and learning which involved unfamiliar subjects and issue surrounding online classes, difficulties in publication and research component due to lack in knowledge, skills and experience, allyship in academic working environment as well as juggling between the demanding workload of teaching and administrative works with completion of the Postgraduate Diploma in Higher Education Learning and Teaching (PGDHELT) course.

Research, Practical & Social implications: This research offers some practical significances particularly to the university’s management and the newly appointed academic staffs on board. The identification of issue and challenges among newly appointed staffs is significant in finding solutions.

Originality/value: As a practical implication, this research paper sheds new light for both the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia and the university’s management to formulate a handful and effective training and development program to smoothen the transition process of the new appointed academic staffs into the academic world in the university.
Asian Port Performance Dimensions and Analyses: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Jamain Rudy Eruwan , Zakaria Roza Hazli , Satar NurulHuda Mohd 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the performance dimensions and performance analysis techniques applied in studies of Asian port performance

Theoretical framework: The lack of literature in the context of port performance dimensions in Asian was the theoretical basis of the study. A related study on Asian port performance was analysed and listed in the study based on thematic approach.

Design/methodology/approach: The PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was used to guide this research, based on the databases of the two most prominent sources of articles which is Web of Science and Scopus.

Findings: This review identified four main categories surrounding the dimensions of port performance, those being operational dimensions, dimensions surrounding customers’ perspectives, logistical dimensions, and organizational dimensions. Furthermore, the following three performance analysis approaches were identified as being preferred by researchers of the Asian region: efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness.

Research, Practical & Social implications: The current findings of this research have shown that most studies on Asian ports focus on their efficiency and competitiveness rather than their productivity. A productivity survey might give a better overview of port performance as it concerns the actual output of the ports.

Originality/value: The systematic literature review (SLR) approach were hardly found in study of port performance. At the same time, the PRISMA method were applied to synthesized previous studies on port performance in Asian is another niche of the study.
The Relationship Between Capital Structure and Performance of Securities Brokerage Firms – a Case Study in Vietnam
Authors: Tien Cao Minh 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between capital structure and performance of securities brokerage firms.

Theoretical framework: The study inherits previous studies on the relationship between capital structure and performance to reason, test and determine the optimal capital structure.

Design/methodology/approach: Using Qualitative Research (Synthetic Methods; Statistical methods, description; Inductive and interpretive methods) and quantitative research methods (linear regression methods).

Findings: The results identified an inherent structure that significantly affects performance through the variables: (1) Financial leverage of a stockbroker (FL) and (2) Brokerage company size (Siz).

Research, Practical & Social implications: The study provides a number of discussions and evaluations on the important role of decision making on optimal capital structure for securities brokerage service companies, in addition to recommendations on financial solutions to improve operational efficiency for companies.

Originality/value: Through the study of 105 securities brokerage companies, corresponding to 1,314 observations in the period 2003 - 2021.
The Role of Engineering Insurance in Completing Projects by Using Bank Loans:An Applied Study in a Sample of Iraqi Insurance Companies and Banks
Authors: Alaa Abdulhadi Hussein  , Zoghlami Faten 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study is to know the reasons for the discontinuation of engi-neering insurance in Iraqi insurance companies, and how to reactivate engineering insurance in project management and the benefits that bank loans can achieve to Ira-qi insurance companies.

Theoretical framework: The theoretical aspect included the definition of engineer-ing insurance, its origins and types, the concept and characteristics of project man-agement and bank loans and their types, as well as a statement of the role of engi-neering insurance in project management and the advantages of using bank loans in activating engineering insurance.

Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The study relied on the analytical descriptive approach by using the questionnaire tool to measure the relationship between the research variables. Three government companies and a group of Iraqi banks were se-lected.

Findings: The study found the correlative and influencing relationship with the di-mensions of bank loans in activating the engineering insurance through the interpre-tation of the statistical results of the questionnaire data directed to workers in the Iraqi insurance companies.

Research, practical and social implications: Spreading awareness about the im-portance of engineering insurance in encouraging investment for productive and vi-tal projects, reducing the effects of risks associated with projects, and facilitating pro-cedures for obtaining bank loans.

Originality/ Value: The value of the study is to measure the relationship between the engineering insurance variable and the bank loan variable. This study has not been previously addressed by insurance companies and Iraqi banks.
Vector Autoregressive Integrating Moving Average (Varima) Model of COVID-19 Pandemic and Oil Price
Authors: Karim Aras Jalal Mhamad , Ahmed Nawzad Muhammed 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: A coronavirus associated with severe respiratory syndrome has created Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly contagious illness that affects the entire world population. On the other hand, COVID-19 is having a direct impact on human life because of its proliferation. So, the study's goal is to forecast and analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the oil price utilizing multiple time series analysis methods (VARIMA model).

Theoretical framework: Recent literature has reported that the multivariate time series is robust model for forecasting and analyzing dynamic relationship between series, while the univariate ARIMA model has been generalized to include vector variables, that is an extension of its capabilities. The VAR (p) model analyzes the interdependence between two or more series but does not take into account the impact of shocks at various time variable delays.

Design/methodology/approach: This study uses VARMA (p, q) model which links a set of variables to their prior iterations as well as those of other variables and shocks to those same variables. Sample data concerning the COVID-19 pandemic and oil price was globally provided. It contains daily observations of them variables for the years 2020-2022.

Findings: The best model is VARIMA (2,1,2), and the results shown that the oil price is not only influenced by itself but also influenced by the Covid-19 pandemic. Moreover, the standard error grows over time of the forecast.

Research, Practical & Social implications: The best model is sound for short-term forecasting but unstable for long-term forecasting. Future researchers can integrate factors across areas. Include tourism demand and industry variables in modeling.

Originality/value: Collecting COVID-19 pandemic data and oil price series in a modern model that is a multivariate time series model with a high predicted level of model accuracy between these variables in order to predict and analyze the effects between them series and estimate the interaction between these two series with the most recent data is the value of this study, and then offers merchants the chance to comprehend the forecasting of oil price throughout the covid-19 effects as well as the associated risks.