bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptance of Tuberculosis Monitoring Encouragement Adherence Drive (TMEAD) for Improving Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence in Nasik, Maharashtra
Authors: Saha Somen , Raval Devang , Saxena Deepak , Halkarni Nishad , Doshi Rahul , Rajpurohit Sukan , Rao Raghavendra , Joshi Madhav 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DSTB) patients often face challenges in adhering to medications. Tuberculosis Monitoring Encouragement Adherence Drive (TMEAD)is an electronic cartridge-based dispensing module that dispenses patients’ daily dose in a small disposable box that provides reminders for Medication consumption and enables remote drug adherence monitoring.
Objective
The present study evaluated the acceptance of TMEAD devices among DSTB patients in Nasik city of Maharashtra.
Methods
Qualitative In-depth interviews (IDI) were conducted with 40 DSTB patients and 16 treatment supporters. IDI were audio recorded. The observations were organized using the outline construct that assessed the technology acceptance into four major themes - performance expectancy (acceptability of the device), effort expectancy (perceived benefit of the device), social influence (saving time and money) and facilitating conditions (availability of medicines).
Results
Acceptance of the TMEAD device was linked to perceptions that the reminder alarm improves treatment adherence and reduces hospital visits. Having patient’s daily medication doses in a box aid in compliance to regular medicine consumption. Patients felt that the healthcare system was more concerned about them, thanks to the device's features & ability to encourage family members to participate in their care. Poor patient acceptability of the device was linked to problems with its dependability, size, charging Issues, and concerns regarding possible stigma. TB health visitors said it lessened the frequency of in-person patient interactions, allowing them to spend more time on other crucial activities. Patients who returned the devices reported that the primary reasons were stigma associated with TB and issues with charging the device and taking the device to the workplace.
Conclusions
Several features of the device support its acceptability among TB patients, while a few difficulties with patient use should be resolved by changing the device design. Specific difficulties, such as stigma associated with the disease, are more challenging to overcome and may restrict device usage. Overall, we conclude that TMEAD intervention has the potential to be integrated into the basket of digital adherence intervention under India’s National TB Elimination program.
Battling the extreme: lessons learned from weather-induced disasters on electricity distribution networks and climate change adaptation strategies
Authors: Gkika Aikaterini V. , Zacharis Efstratios A. , Skikos Dimitrios N. , Lekkas Efthymios L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Electricity infrastructures are critical lifeline systems that are designed to serve with a high degree of reliability the power supply of consumers under normal operating conditions and in case of common failures or expected disturbances. However, many recent weather-induced disasters have brought unprecedented challenges to the electricity networks, underlining that power systems remain unprepared to absorb disruptive large-scale and severe events. Worse still, it is expected that such climate hazards will take place at rising frequency and intensity rates due to climate change. The intensification of meteorological extremes will lead to higher losses and changes in transmission capacity, increasing the frequency and importance of material damage to the aging electric infrastructure, thus resulting in significant disruptions, cascading failures, and unpredictable power outages. This review paper presents real-life examples of different types of extreme weather incidents and their impacts on the distribution network in Greece, a country that is highly vulnerable because of its location, geomorphology, and the existing overhead network assets, highlighting lessons learned related to adaptation options and disaster management best practices. Literature review and benchmarking with other grid operators are also employed to explore resilience-enhancing technical capabilities, weatherproof solutions, and operational strategies on which policy-making initiatives should focus.
Response to COVID-19: building resilience through water and wastewater management in Ghana
Authors: Darteh Bertha , Cofie Olufunke , Nikiema Josiane , Mapedza Everisto , Gebrezgabher Solomie , Okem Andrew Emmanuel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This study assessed the effects of COVID-19 on Ghana's WASH system. It focused on low-income households and WASH sector stakeholders using Ayawaso East Municipality as a case study to document lessons from the pandemic's impact on the WASH sector. We used the water and sanitation system approach to understand the effects of COVID-19 mitigation measures on the WASH system. Data were collected through surveys, stakeholder engagements, and document analysis. We found that the government's WASH response increased hygiene practices, solid and liquid waste generation, and water consumption. Sanitation service providers experienced reduced demands for their services, lost clients, and increased operational expenditure. The pandemic's impact is gendered, with women and girls experiencing a greater burden. We argue that responses to the pandemic highlight the need and opportunities for sustainable management of sanitation waste through integrated, circular economy business models, turning waste into valuable resources. Responses to COVID-19 in the WASH system are multisectoral because of its interconnected nature, highlighting the need to integrate sectors beyond water and sanitation. This requires improved institutional structures, policies, investment, and professionalising service providers.
Key perceptions associated with attitudes towards water reuse in a Swedish town
Authors: Gullberg Ylva , Samuelsson Karl , Brandt S. Anders 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

As climate change and urbanization affect current water management systems, new solutions and approaches rooted in public acceptance are needed to ensure future water supply. In this study, we examine public attitudes to reuse of recycled water and associated worldviews, values, and perceptions in a site without historical water issues. A survey of 143 randomly sampled residents in the municipality of the growing Swedish town Knivsta revealed that 81.4% of the respondents had a positive attitude towards using recycled water in general. The results did not indicate any differences in attitudes between those living in and outside the municipality's urban areas. Perceived benefits and risks were found to be significantly related to both attitudes towards using recycled water in general and to the extreme case of using it for drinking purposes. Additionally, trust in public authorities was highly predictive of attitudes towards drinking recycled water. Furthermore, attitudes were found to be related to an environmental worldview and underlying biospheric, altruistic, and hedonic values. This indicates a need to consider the intended purpose as well as engaging with underlying values as part of the technology legitimation process for improving the chances of successful implementation of water recycling technologies.
The Tao of Copper Metabolism: From Physiology to Pathology
Authors: Gao Shan , Zhou Mei , Tang Zhenchu 
Published: September 2023

:
As a transitional metal, copper plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal
physiological activities of mammals. The intracellular copper concentration is meticulously
regulated to maintain extremely low levels through homeostatic regulation. Excessive
accumulation of free copper in cells can have deleterious effects, as observed in conditions
such as Wilson’s disease. Moreover, data accumulated over the past few decades
have revealed a crucial role of copper imbalance in tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis.
Recently, cuproptosis, also known as copper-induced cell death, has been proposed
as a novel form of cell death. This discovery offers new prospects for treating copperrelated
diseases and provides a promising avenue for developing copper-responsive therapies,
particularly in cancer treatment. We present a comprehensive overview of the Yin–
Yang equilibrium in copper metabolism, particularly emphasising its pathophysiological
alterations and their relevance to copper-related diseases and malignancies.
Synthesis of Carboxylic Acid by Electrochemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide:
A Review of Electrochemical Carboxylation from Past to Latest
Authors: Senboku Hisanori 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Electrochemical reduction of organic compounds in the presence of carbon dioxide results in the fixation
of carbon dioxide into the substrates with carbon-carbon bond forming reaction to yield the corresponding carboxylic acids. The reaction is called “electrochemical carboxylation” or “electrocarboxylation”. Various kinds of carboxylic acids have been synthesized using carbon dioxide as a carboxyl group source by electrochemical carboxylation. In this mini-review, several representative kinds of carboxylic acids synthesized from carbon dioxide by
electrochemical carboxylation are briefly summarized/introduced, comparing past and latest.
Crocin Combined with Cisplatin Regulates Proliferation, Apoptosis, and
EMT of Gastric Cancer Cells via the FGFR3/MAPK/ERK Pathway In
vitro and In vivo
Authors: Li Yan , Guo Qi-Jing , Chen Rong , Zhao LingLin , Cui Xianshu , Deng Yingfang , Luo Yu-Shuang 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Cisplatin (DDP)-based chemotherapy remains the main therapeutic strategy
for human gastric cancer (GC). Combination therapy with Chinese medicine monomers and
DDP has been investigated as a means to enhance the anti-tumor effect of DDP while reducing
toxicity.

Material and Methods:
Previous studies have shown that crocin combined with DDP can inhibit
the apoptosis of BG-823 GC cells. However, the mechanism of this combination therapy in inhibiting
GC is not fully unclear. In this study, we measured the IC50 values of crocin combined with
DDP in AGS cells and assessed its effect on cell proliferation using an MTT assay. Furthermore,
we assessed apoptosis, cell migration, and EMT-related protein levels by using flow cytometry,
scratch assay, and Western blotting, respectively. Our results showed that crocin combined with
DDP inhibited the proliferation, induced apoptosis, and inhibited invasion and EMT. Next, we performed
RNA sequence and KEGG enrichment analysis on GC cells treated with Crocin+DDP.

Results::
The results showed that the most significant factor down-regulated by this combination
therapy was Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) expression and that a differential gene
was enriched in the MAPK/ERK pathway. We further constructed an FGFR3 OE transfection plasmid
to overexpress FGFR3 and evaluate its effects on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, EMT,
and MAPK/ERK pathway proteins in GC cells. We also conducted subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiments
in nude mice to evaluate the effects of crocin and DDP on the progression of GC xenografts
in vivo. Finally, we performed a rescue experiment using the MAPK/ERK pathway inhibitor
PD184352.

Conclusion:
Our results showed that up-regulation of FGFR3 reversed the inhibitory effect of
crocin+DDP on the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Still, this effect could be counteracted by
PD184352, which simultaneously regulated the proliferation, apoptosis, and EMT of AGS cells. In
conclusion, crocin, combined with DDP, inhibits proliferation, apoptosis, and EMT of GC through
the FRFR3/MAPK/ERK pathway.
TGF-β Score based on Silico Analysis can Robustly Predict Prognosis and
Immunological Characteristics in Lower-grade Glioma: The Evidence
from Multicenter Studies
Authors: Zhang Weizhong , Yan Zhiyuan , Zhao Feng , He Qinggui , Xu Hongbo 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Nowadays, mounting evidence shows that variations in TGF-β signaling
pathway-related components influence tumor development. Current research has patents describing
the use of anti-TGF-β antibodies and checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of proliferative
diseases. Importantly, TGF-β signaling pathway is significant for lower-grade glioma (LGG) to
evade host immunity. Loss of particular tumor antigens and shutdown of professional antigenpresenting
cell activity may render the anti-tumor response ineffective in LGG patients. However,
the prognostic significance of TGF-β related genes in LGG is still unknown.

Methods:
We collected RNA-seq data from the GTEx database (normal cortical tissues), the Cancer
Genome Atlas database (TCGA-LGG), and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database
(CGGA-693 and CGGA-325) for conducting our investigation.

Results:
In addition, previous publications were explored for the 223 regulators of the TGF-β signaling
pathway, and 30 regulators with abnormal expression in TCGA and GTEx database were
identified. In order to identify hub prognostic regulators, least absolute shrinkage and selection
operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to screen from
differentially expressed genes (DEGs). On the basis of 11 genes from LASSO-Cox regression
analysis (NEDD8, CHRD, TGFBR1, TP53, BMP2, LRRC32, THBS2, ID1, NOG, TNF, and
SERPINE1), TGF-β score was calculated. Multiple statistical approaches verified the predictive
value of the TGF-β score for the training cohort and two external validation cohorts. Considering
the importance of the TGF-β signaling pathway in immune regulation, we evaluated the prediction
of the TGF-β score for immunological characteristics and the possible application of the immunotherapeutic
response using six algorithms (TIMER, CIBERSORT, QUANTISEQ, MCP-counter,
XCELL and EPIC) and three immunotherapy cohorts (GSE78820, Imvigor-210 and
PRJEB23709). Notably, we compared our risk signature with the signature in ten publications in
the meta-cohort (TCGA-LGG, CGGA-693 and CGGA-325), and the TGF-β score had the best
predictive efficiency (C-index =0.812).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our findings suggest that TGF-β signaling pathway-related signatures
are prognostic biomarkers in LGG and provide a novel tool for tumor microenvironment (TME)
assessment.
Magnetic Field Modulation Effect of Photoelectric Properties in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells with La0.67(Ca,Ba)0.33MnO3 as Counter Electrodes
Authors: Huo Guanzhong , Lin Wenqing , Wang Ke , Pei Zhe , Du Xuan , Chen Shuiyuan , Su Chao , Ye Qingying , Chen Guilin 
Published: September 2023

Background:
In recent years, many semiconductor materials with unique band structures
have been used as Pt counter electrode (CE) substitutes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), which
makes the photoelectric properties of DSSCs possible to be modulated by electric field, magnetic
field, and light field. In this work, La0.67(Ca Ba)0.33MnO3 (LCBMO) thin film is employed to act as CE
in DSSCs.

Methods:
The experimental results indicate that short-circuit current density and photoelectric conversion
efficiency present better stability when applying an external magnetic field to the DSSCs. Furthermore,
both the exchange current density (J0) and limit diffusion current density (Jlim) are largely
enhanced by an external magnetic field. J0 increases from -0.51 mA·cm-2 to -0.65 mA·cm-2, and Jlim
increases from 0.2 mA·cm-2 to 0.3 mA·cm-2 when applying a magnetic field of 0.25 T.

Results:
The fitting results of the impedance test verify that the magnetic field reduces the value of Rct.

Conclusion:
Both magnetic-field enhancing catalytic activity and CMR effect jointly promote the increase
of photocurrent and finally improve the photovoltaic effect in DSSCs.
Evaluation of Incremental Validity of Casper in Predicting Program and National Licensure Performance of Undergraduate Nursing Students: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Stevens Kathleen , Moralejo Donna , Crossman Renee 
Published: September 2023

Background
Academic success has been the primary criterion for admission to many nursing programs. However, academic success as an admission criterion may have limited predictive value for success in noncognitive skills. Adding situational judgment tests, such as Casper, to admissions procedures may be one strategy to strengthen decisions and address the limited predictive value of academic admission criteria. In 2021, admissions processes were modified to include Casper based on concerns identified with noncognitive skills.

Objective
This study aims to (1) assess the incremental validity of Casper scores in predicting nursing student performance at years 1, 2, 3, and 4 and on the National Council Licensing Examination (NCLEX) performance; and (2) examine faculty members’ perceptions of student performance and influences related to communication, professionalism, empathy, and problem-solving.

Methods
We will use a multistage evaluation mixed methods design with 5 phases. At the end of each year, students will complete questionnaires related to empathy and professionalism and have their performance assessed for communication and problem-solving in psychomotor laboratory sessions. The final phase will assess graduate performance on the NCLEX. Each phase also includes qualitative data collection (ie, focus groups with faculty members). The goal of the focus groups is to help explain the quantitative findings (explanatory phase) as well as inform data collection (eg, focus group questions) in the subsequent phase (exploratory sequence). All students enrolled in the first year of the nursing program in 2021 were asked to participate (n=290). Faculty will be asked to participate in the focus groups at the end of each year of the program. Hierarchical multiple regression will be conducted for each outcome of interest (eg, communication, professionalism, empathy, and problem-solving) to determine the extent to which scores on Casper with admission grades, compared to admission grades alone, predict nursing student performance at years 1-4 of the program and success on the national exam. Thematic analysis of focus group transcripts will be conducted using interpretive description. The quantitative and qualitative data will be integrated after each phase is complete and at the end of the study.

Results
This study was funded in September 2021, and data collection began in March 2022. Year 1 data collection and analysis are complete. Year 2 data collection is complete, and data analysis is in progress.

Conclusions
At the end of the study, we will provide the results of a comprehensive analysis to determine the extent to which the addition of scores on Casper compared to admission grades alone predicts nursing student performance at years 1-4 of the program and on the NCLEX exam.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR1-10.2196/48672
Investigating the Impact of Automation on the Health Care Workforce Through Autonomous Telemedicine in the Cataract Pathway: Protocol for a Multicenter Study
Authors: Khavandi Sarah , Zaghloul Fatema , Higham Aisling , Lim Ernest , de Pennington Nick , Celi Leo Anthony 
Published: September 2023

Background
While digital health innovations are increasingly being adopted by health care organizations, implementation is often carried out without considering the impacts on frontline staff who will be using the technology and who will be affected by its introduction. The enthusiasm surrounding the use of artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled digital solutions in health care is tempered by uncertainty around how it will change the working lives and practices of health care professionals. Digital enablement can be viewed as facilitating enhanced effectiveness and efficiency by improving services and automating cognitive labor, yet the implementation of such AI technology comes with challenges related to changes in work practices brought by automation. This research explores staff experiences before and after care pathway automation with an autonomous clinical conversational assistant, Dora (Ufonia Ltd), that is able to automate routine clinical conversations.

Objective
The primary objective is to examine the impact of AI-enabled automation on clinicians, allied health professionals, and administrators who provide or facilitate health care to patients in high-volume, low-complexity care pathways. In the process of transforming care pathways through automation of routine tasks, staff will increasingly “work at the top of their license.” The impact of this fundamental change on the professional identity, well-being, and work practices of the individual is poorly understood at present.

Methods
We will adopt a multiple case study approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, over 2 distinct phases, namely phase A (preimplementation) and phase B (postimplementation).

Results
The analysis is expected to reveal the interrelationship between Dora and those affected by its introduction. This will reveal how tasks and responsibilities have changed or shifted, current tensions and contradictions, ways of working, and challenges, benefits, and opportunities as perceived by those on the frontlines of the health care system. The findings will enable a better understanding of the resistance or susceptibility of different stakeholders within the health care workforce and encourage managerial awareness of differing needs, demands, and uncertainties.

Conclusions
The implementation of AI in the health care sector, as well as the body of research on this topic, remain in their infancy. The project’s key contribution will be to understand the impact of AI-enabled automation on the health care workforce and their work practices.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/49374