bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual Trajectories of Health Status During the First Year of Discharge From Hospitalization for Heart Failure and Their Associations With Death in the Following Years
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Ji Runqing , He Guangda , Tian Aoxi , Huo Xiqian , Zheng Yang , Qi Liwei , Mi Yafei , Yan Xiaofang , Wang Bin , Lei Lubi , Li Jingkuo , Liu Jiamin , Li Jing 
Published: July 2023

Background
Improving health status is one of the major goals in the management of heart failure (HF). However, little is known about the long‐term individual trajectories of health status in patients with acute HF after discharge.

Methods and Results

We enrolled 2328 patients hospitalized for HF from 51 hospitals prospectively and measured their health status via the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire–12 at admission and 1, 6, and 12 months after discharge, respectively. The median age of the patients included was 66 years, and 63.3% were men. Six patterns of Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire–12 trajectories were identified by a latent class trajectory model: persistently good (34.0%), rapidly improving (35.5%), slowly improving (10.4%), moderately regressing (7.4%), severely regressing (7.5%), and persistently poor (5.3%). Advanced age, decompensated chronic HF, HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction, HF with preserved ejection fraction, depression symptoms, cognitive impairment, and each additional HF rehospitalization within 1 year of discharge were associated with unfavorable health status (moderately regressing, severely regressing, and persistently poor) (
P
<0.05). Compared with the pattern of persistently good, slowly improving (hazard ratio [HR], 1.50 [95% CI, 1.06–2.12]), moderately regressing (HR, 1.92 [1.43–2.58]), severely regressing (HR, 2.26 [1.54–3.31]), and persistently poor (HR, 2.34 [1.55–3.53]) were associated with increased risks of all‐cause death.

Conclusions
One‐fifth of 1‐year survivors after hospitalization for HF experienced unfavorable health status trajectories and had a substantially increased risk of death during the following years. Our findings help inform the understanding of disease progression from a patient perception perspective and its relationship with long‐term survival.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; unique identifier: NCT02878811.
Sex Differences in the Effectiveness of Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers, and Sacubitril–Valsartan for the Treatment of Heart Failure
Authors: Sohani Zahra N. , Behlouli Hassan , de Moura Cristiano Soares , Abrahamowicz Michal , Pilote Louise 
Published: July 2023

Background
PARAGON‐HF (Efficacy and Safety of LCZ696 Compared to Valsartan, on Morbidity and Mortality in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction) suggested a potential benefit of sacubitril–valsartan in women with preserved ejection fraction. Among patients with heart failure previously treated with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), we studied whether effectiveness of treatment with sacubitril–valsartan compared with ACEI/ARB monotherapy differed between men and women for both preserved and reduced ejection fraction.

Methods and Results

Data were derived from the Truven Health MarketScan Databases between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2018. We included patients with a primary diagnosis of heart failure on treatment with ACEIs, ARBs, or sacubitril–valsartan on the basis of the first prescription after diagnosis. A total of 7181 patients treated with sacubitril–valsartan, 25 408 patients using an ACEI, and 16 177 patients treated with ARBs were included. A total of 790 readmissions or deaths occurred among 7181 patients in the sacubitril–valsartan group and 11 901 events in 41 585 patients treated with an ACEI/ARB. Adjusted for covariates, the hazard ratio (HR) for treatment with sacubitril–valsartan compared with an ACEI or ARB was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.68–0.80). The protective effect of sacubitril–valsartan was evident for men and women (women: HR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.66–0.86];
P
<0.01; men: HR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.64–0.79];
P
<0.01;
P interaction
0.03). A protective effect for both sexes was seen only among those with systolic dysfunction.

Conclusions
Treatment with sacubitril–valsartan is more effective at reducing death and admission to the hospital for heart failure compared with ACEIs/ARBs similarly among men and women with systolic dysfunction; sex differences in the effectiveness of sacubitril–valsartan in diastolic dysfunction requires further investigation.
Association of Interstage Monitoring Era and Likelihood of Hemodynamic Compromise at Intervention for Recoarctation Following the Norwood Operation
Authors: Gartenberg Ari J. , Okunowo Oluwatimilehin , Dori Yoav , Smith Christopher L. , Gaynor J. William , Mascio Christopher E. , Rome Jonathan J. , Gillespie Matthew J. , Glatz Andrew C. , O'Byrne Michael L. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Intensive monitoring has been associated with a lower death rate between the Norwood operation and superior cavopulmonary connection, possibly due to early identification and effective treatment of residual anatomic lesions like recoarctation before lasting harm occurs.

Methods and Results

Neonates undergoing a Norwood operation and receiving interstage care at a single center between January 1, 2005, and September 18, 2020, were studied. In those with recoarctation, we evaluated association of era ([1] preinterstage monitoring, [2] a transitional phase, [3] current era) and likelihood of hemodynamic compromise (progression to moderate or greater ventricular dysfunction/atrioventricular valve regurgitation, initiation/escalation of vasoactive/respiratory support, cardiac arrest preceding catheterization, or interstage death with recoarctation on autopsy). We also analyzed whether era was associated with technical success of transcatheter recoarctation interventions, major adverse events, and transplant‐free survival. A total of 483 subjects were studied, with 22% (n=106) treated for recoarctation during the interstage period. Number of catheterizations per Norwood increased (
P
=0.005) over the interstage eras, with no significant change in the proportion of subjects with recoarctation (
P
=0.36). In parallel, there was a lower likelihood of hemodynamic compromise in subjects with recoarctation that was not statistically significant (
P
=0.06), with a significant difference in the proportion with ventricular dysfunction at intervention (
P
=0.002). Rates of technical success, procedural major adverse events, and transplant‐free survival did not differ (
P
>0.05).

Conclusions
Periods with interstage monitoring were associated with increased referral for catheterization but also reduced likelihood of ventricular dysfunction (and a suggestion of lower likelihood of hemodynamic compromise) in subjects with recoarctation. Further study is needed to guide optimal interstage care of this vulnerable population.
Clinical Outcomes in Hypertensive Emergency: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Siddiqi Tariq Jamal , Usman Muhammad Shariq , Rashid Ahmed Mustafa , Javaid Syed Sarmad , Ahmed Aymen , Clark Donald , Flack John M. , Shimbo Daichi , Choi Eunhee , Jones Daniel W. , Hall Michael E. 
Published: July 2023

Background
To study the prevalence and types of hypertension‐mediated organ damage and the prognosis of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with hypertensive emergencies.

Methods and Results
PubMed was queried from inception through November 30, 2021. Studies were included if they reported the prevalence or prognosis of hypertensive emergencies in patients presenting to the ED. Studies reporting data on hypertensive emergencies in other departments were excluded. The extracted data were arcsine transformed and pooled using a random‐effects model. Fifteen studies (n=4370 patients) were included. Pooled analysis demonstrates that the prevalence of hypertensive emergencies was 0.5% (95% CI, 0.40%–0.70%) in all patients presenting to ED and 35.9% (95% CI, 26.7%–45.5%) among patients presenting in ED with hypertensive crisis. Ischemic stroke (28.1% [95% CI, 18.7%–38.6%]) was the most prevalent hypertension‐mediated organ damage, followed by pulmonary edema/acute heart failure (24.1% [95% CI, 19.0%–29.7%]), hemorrhagic stroke (14.6% [95% CI, 9.9%–20.0%]), acute coronary syndrome (10.8% [95% CI, 7.3%–14.8%]), renal failure (8.0% [95% CI, 2.9%–15.5%]), subarachnoid hemorrhage (6.9% [95% CI, 3.9%–10.7%]), encephalopathy (6.1% [95% CI, 1.9%–12.4%]), and the least prevalent was aortic dissection (1.8% [95% CI, 1.1%–2.8%]). Prevalence of in‐hospital mortality among patients with hypertensive emergency was 9.9% (95% CI, 1.4%–24.6%).

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate a pattern of hypertension‐mediated organ damage primarily affecting the brain and heart, substantial cardiovascular renal morbidity and mortality, as well as subsequent hospitalization in patients with hypertensive emergencies presenting to the ED.
Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Cancer: A Nationwide Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Jung Mi‐Hyang , Lee So‐Young , Youn Jong‐Chan , Chung Woo‐Baek , Ihm Sang‐Hyun , Kang Dongwoo , Kyoung Dae‐Sung , Jung Hae Ok , Chang Kiyuk , Youn Ho‐Joong , Lee Hokyou , Kang Danbee , Cho Juhee , Kaneko Hidehiro , Kim Hyeon Chang 
Published: July 2023

Background
Hypertension is an important cause of morbidity, which predisposes patients to major cardiovascular events and mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the association between adherence to antihypertensive medication and clinical outcomes in adult patients with cancer.

Methods and Results
Using the 2002 to 2013 Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort, we extracted adult patients with cancer treated with antihypertensive medications. Based on the medication possession ratio value, participants were divided into 3 groups: good (medication possession ratio ≥0.8), moderate (0.5≤ medication possession ratio <0.8), and poor (medication possession ratio <0.5) adherence groups. The primary outcomes were overall and cardiovascular mortality. The secondary outcome was cardiovascular events requiring hospitalization due to major cardiovascular diseases. Among 19 246 patients with cancer with concomitant hypertension, 66.4% were in the nonadherence group (26.3% were moderate and 40.0% were poor adherence group). Over a median of 8.4 years of follow‐up, 2752 deaths and 6057 cardiovascular events occurred. Compared with the good adherence group, the moderate and poor adherence groups had a 1.85‐fold and 2.19‐fold increased risk for overall mortality, and 1.72‐fold and 1.71‐fold elevated risk for cardiovascular mortality, respectively, after adjustment for possible confounders. Furthermore, the moderate and poor adherence groups had a 1.33‐fold and 1.34‐fold elevated risk of new‐onset cardiovascular events, respectively. These trends were consistent across cardiovascular event subtypes.

Conclusions
Nonadherence to antihypertensive medication was common in patients with cancer and was associated with worse clinical outcomes in adult patients with cancer with hypertension. More attention should be paid to improving adherence to antihypertensive medication among patients with cancer.
Incidence, Predictors, and Outcomes Associated With Worsening Renal Function in Patients With Heart Failure and Secondary Mitral Regurgitation: The COAPT Trial
Authors: Kong Jeremy , Zaroff Jonathan G. , Ambrosy Andrew P. , Fitzpatrick Jesse K. , Ku Ivy A. , Mishell Jacob M. , Kotinkaduwa Lak N. , Redfors Björn , Beohar Nirat , Ailawadi Gorav , Lindenfeld JoAnn , Abraham William T. , Mack Michael J. , Kar Saibal , Lim D. Scott , Whisenant Brian K. , Stone Gregg W. 
Published: July 2023

Background
The incidence and implications of worsening renal function (WRF) after mitral valve transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) in patients with heart failure (HF) are unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the proportion of patients with HF and secondary mitral regurgitation who develop persistent WRF within 30 days following TEER, and whether this development portends a worse prognosis.

Methods and Results

In the COAPT (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation) trial, 614 patients with HF and severe secondary mitral regurgitation were randomized to TEER with the MitraClip plus guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) versus GDMT alone. WRF was defined as serum creatinine increase ≥1.5× or ≥0.3 mg/dL from baseline persisting to day 30 or requiring renal replacement therapy. All‐cause death and HF hospitalization rates between 30 days and 2 years were compared in patients with and without WRF. WRF at 30 days was present in 11.3% of patients (9.7% in the TEER plus GDMT group and 13.1% in the GDMT alone group;
P
=0.23). WRF was associated with all‐cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.98 [95% CI, 1.3–3.03];
P
=0.001) but not HF hospitalization (HR, 1.47 [ 95% CI, 0.97–2.24];
P
=0.07) between 30 days and 2 years. Compared with GDMT alone, TEER reduced both death and HF hospitalization consistently in patients with and without WRF (
P
interaction
=0.53 and 0.57, respectively).

Conclusions
Among patients with HF and severe secondary mitral regurgitation, the incidence of WRF at 30 days was not increased after TEER compared with GDMT alone. WRF was associated with greater 2‐year mortality but did not attenuate the treatment benefits of TEER in reducing death and HF hospitalization compared with GDMT alone.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01626079.
Serum Metabolites Are Associated With HFpEF in Biopsy‐Proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Wegermann Kara , Fudim Marat , Henao Ricardo , Howe Catherine F. , McGarrah Robert , Guy Cynthia , Abdelmalek Manal F. , Diehl Anna Mae , Moylan Cynthia A. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) share common risk factors, including obesity and diabetes. They are also thought to be mechanistically linked. The aim of this study was to define serum metabolites associated with HFpEF in a cohort of patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD to identify common mechanisms.

Methods and Results

We performed a retrospective, single‐center study of 89 adult patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD who had transthoracic echocardiography performed for any indication. Metabolomic analysis was performed on serum using ultrahigh performance liquid and gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. HFpEF was defined as ejection fraction >50% plus at least 1 echocardiographic feature of HFpEF (diastolic dysfunction, abnormal left atrial size) and at least 1 heart failure sign or symptom. We performed generalized linear models to evaluate associations between individual metabolites, NAFLD, and HFpEF. Thirty‐seven out of 89 (41.6%) patients met criteria for HFpEF. A total of 1151 metabolites were detected; 656 were analyzed after exclusion of unnamed metabolites and those with >30% missing values. Fifty‐three metabolites were associated with the presence of HFpEF with unadjusted
P
value <0.05; none met statistical significance after adjustment for multiple comparisons. The majority (39/53, 73.6%) were lipid metabolites, and levels were generally increased. Two cysteine metabolites (cysteine s‐sulfate and s‐methylcysteine) were present at significantly lower levels in patients with HFpEF.

Conclusions
We identified serum metabolites associated with HFpEF in patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD, with increased levels of multiple lipid metabolites. Lipid metabolism could be an important pathway linking HFpEF to NAFLD.
Optical coherence tomography imaging can identify Merino lambs’ wool using automatic machine learning vision
Authors: Sabuncu Metin , Özdemir Hakan 
Published: July 2023

Merino lambs’ wool fiber has a unique chemical structure that gives the wool many unique properties and technical benefits. For example, the small fiber diameters mean that Merino wool is soft, countering the scratchiness commonly associated with wool. It is also biodegradable, organic, and environmentally friendly, making it a popular choice of sustainable fabric material. Unfortunately, some fiber sellers unduly sell coarse wool tops to wool yarn factories as Merino wool tops. It is, therefore, an important task to identify the actual wool type for quality assurance in the textile manufacturing process. This paper describes applying the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and automatic machine learning (AutoML) techniques for distinguishing Merino wool from coarse wool. We present the results of wool measurements that were performed by the OCT scans and AutoML algorithms. We conclude that OCT imaging and AutoML algorithms can be applied to distinguish Merino wool from coarse wool in a simple, non-destructive, and contactless manner.
An evidence-base for the implementation of hospital-based palliative care programs in routine cancer practice: A systematic review
Authors: Rizvi Farwa , Wilding Helen Elizabeth , Rankin Nicole M , Le Gautier Roslyn , Gurren Lorna , Sundararajan Vijaya , Bellingham Kylee , Chua Joyce , Crawford Gregory B , Nowak Anna K , Le Brian , Mitchell Geoff , McLachlan Sue-Anne , Sousa Tanara Vieira , Hudson Robyn , IJzerman Maarten , Collins Anna , Philip Jennifer 
Published: July 2023

Background: Despite global support, there remain gaps in the integration of early palliative care into cancer care. The methods of implementation whereby evidence of benefits of palliative care is translated into practice deserve attention. Aim: To identify implementation frameworks utilised in integrated palliative care in hospital-based oncology services and to describe the associated enablers and barriers to service integration. Design: Systematic review with a narrative synthesis including qualitative, mixed methods, pre-post and quasi experimental designs following the guidance by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (PROSPERO registration CRD42021252092). Data sources: Six databases searched in 2021: EMBASE, EMCARE, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Ovid MEDLINE searched in 2023. Included were qualitative or quantitative studies, in English language, involving adults >18 years, and implementing hospital-based palliative care into cancer care. Critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality and rigour. Results: Seven of the 16 studies explicitly cited the use of frameworks including those based on RE-AIM, Medical Research Council evaluation of complex interventions and WHO constructs of health service evaluation. Enablers included an existing supportive culture, clear introduction to the programme across services, adequate funding, human resources and identification of advocates. Barriers included a lack of communication with the patients, caregivers, physicians and palliative care team about programme goals, stigma around the term ‘palliative’, a lack of robust training, or awareness of guidelines and undefined staff roles. Conclusions: Implementation science frameworks provide a method to underpin programme development and evaluation as palliative care is integrated within the oncology setting.
Robotic drilling for the Chinese Chang’E 5 lunar sample-return mission
Authors: Zhang Tao , Pang Yong , Zeng Ting , Wang Guoxin , Yin Shen , Xu Kun , Mo Guidong , Zhang Xingwang , Wang Lusi , Yang Shuai , Zhao Zeng , Qin Junjie , Gong Junshan , Zhao Zhongxian , Tong Xuefeng , Yin Zhongwang , Wang Haiyuan , Zhao Fan , Zheng Yanhong , Deng Xiangjin , Wang Bin , Xu Jinchang , Wang Wei , Yu Shuangfei , Lai Xiaoming , Ding Xilun 
Published: July 2023

On December 2, 2020, a 2-m class robotic drill onboard the Chinese Chang’E 5 lunar lander successfully penetrated 1 m into the lunar regolith and collected 259.72 g of samples. This paper presents the design and development, terrestrial tests, and lunar sampling results of the robotic drill. First, the system design of the robotic drill, including its engineering objectives, drill configuration, drilling and coring methods, and rotational speed determination, was studied. Subsequently, a control strategy was proposed to address the geological uncertainty and complexity of the lunar surface. Terrestrial tests were conducted to assess the sampling performance of the robotic drill under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions. Finally, the results of drilling on the lunar surface were obtained, and the complex geological conditions encountered were analyzed. The success of the Chinese Chang’E 5 lunar sample-return mission demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed robotic drill. This study can serve as an important reference for future extraterrestrial robotic regolith-sampling missions.
Pediatric Martial Arts–Related Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments in the United States From 2004 to 2021
Authors: Madireddy Srividhya S. , McAdams Rebecca J. , Roberts Kristin J. , McKenzie Lara B. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Participation in martial arts has been increasing for several years, with millions of children and adolescents engaging in the sport annually. Yet, the most comprehensive examination of martial arts–related injuries was completed almost 2 decades ago. Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of martial arts–related injuries presenting to US emergency departments (EDs) among pediatric patients. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for patients aged 3 to 17 years who were treated in US EDs from 2004 through 2021. Results: A total of 5656 cases were included in the analysis. An estimated 176,947 children (95% CI, 128,172-225,722) were treated for martial arts–related injuries in US EDs. The rate of martial arts–related injuries per 10,000 children increased from 1.43 in 2004 to 2.07 in 2013 (slope = 0.07; P = .005) and then decreased to 1.44 in 2021 (slope = −0.10; P = .02). The mean injury rates were 2.22 per 10,000 children aged 12-17 years and 1.15 per 10,000 children aged 3-11 years. The most common injuries occurred in children aged 6 to 11 years (39.3%), were strains/sprains (28.4%), and were associated with falling (26.9%). The mechanism of injury differed by the style of martial arts. Compared with other activity types (formal class, horseplay, and unspecified), competition carried a 2.56 times greater risk of head/neck injuries and a 2.70 times greater risk of traumatic brain injuries. Conclusion: Martial arts are a significant source of injuries for children aged 3 to 17 years. To continue decreasing the injury rate, the creation and implementation of standardized risk-mitigation rules and regulations that could be applied to all martial arts styles are recommended.
Dynamics of Employment and Accumulation of Capital in Colombia, 1965–2019: An Econometric Analysis
Authors: Duque Garcia Carlos Alberto 
Published: July 2023

Following Marx’s general law of capitalist accumulation, the present article seeks to evaluate the impact of fixed capital stock, labor productivity, and the mass of profits on the dynamics of employment in Colombia from 1965 to 2019 using a Vector Error Correction Model. The results show that the level of employment exhibits a significant long-term relationship with both the fixed capital stock and labor productivity. In line with Marx’s theory, employment expands with fixed capital stock and contracts with labor productivity. In turn, the mass of profits has positive effects on both the capital stock and labor productivity. The empirical findings also support the existence of Marx’s biased technical change as well as a negative feedback effect from employment to profits. JEL Classification: J21, C21, C22, B51