bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Preventive Health Behavior for Hepatitis B in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: HUANG Ya-Wen , HUNG Chich-Hsiu , HUANG Mei-Chuan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
Vertical transmission from mother to child during the perinatal period is a key route of hepatitis B infection. The infection rate among children of mothers who are hepatitis B carriers is high.

Purpose
This study was designed to investigate the hepatitis-B-related preventive health behavior of pregnant women and related factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used, and 184 pregnant women aged 20 years or above were recruited at obstetrics clinics as participants. The Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Hepatitis B Knowledge Questionnaire, Hepatitis B Health Beliefs Questionnaire, and Preventive Health Behavior Questionnaire were used to collect study data between October 2017 and March 2018.

Results
Most of the participants had received a hepatitis B test because of either a pregnancy checkup (38.0%) or a health examination (32.1%), and most (77.7%) were not hepatitis B carriers. Using multiple linear regression, four significant determinants of hepatitis B preventive health behavior were identified, including marital status (β = 2.45, p = .008, 95% CI [0.66, 4.25]), test for hepatitis B infection status (β = −2.83, p = .013, 95% CI [−5.06, −0.60]), hepatitis B knowledge (β = 0.21, p = .001, 95% CI [0.09, 0.33]), and hepatitis B health beliefs (β = 0.11, p < .001, 95% CI [0.05, 0.16]).

Conclusions
The participants who were not married or had never received a hepatitis B test exhibited better hepatitis-B-related preventive health behavior. Moreover, both hepatitis B knowledge and hepatitis B health belief scores were found to relate positively to preventive health behavior. Healthcare providers should strengthen health education in outpatient clinics and provide post-hepatitis B health-related materials in the community. In particular, internet resources such as hepatitis-B-related health education apps and other channels should be used to increase hepatitis B knowledge in perinatal women and eliminate hepatitis B.
Pharmacovigilance insights into medication-induced risk of dural arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Liu Hao , Zou Yujia , Zhang Qiongchi , Zhao Jinghao , Wu Jingtao , Li Xinyu , Cheng Yongzhong , Wei Hongyu , Li Haopeng , Cao Shuai 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) pose a significant health threat owing to their high misdiagnosis rate. Case reports suggest that DAVFs or related acute events may follow medication use; however, drug-related risk factors remain unclear. In clinical practice, the concomitant use of multiple drugs for therapy is known as “polypharmacy situations,” further increasing the risk of drug-induced DAVF. Real-world studies linking medications and DAVF can alert clinicians to their possibilities and contribute to clinical decision-making and patient education.

Method:
This study investigated adverse events spanning a decade from the FAERS database, employing pharmacovigilance analysis to systematically assess the risk of drug-induced DAVF. Furthermore, the clinical characteristics of these drug-related DAVFs, such as demographic information, complications, and outcomes, were characterized.

Result:
This study generated a broad spectrum of drugs associated with DAVFs. A total of 355 DAVF events, involving 161 drugs across 73 categories, were compiled from millions of records. We identified eight classes of drugs for thorough investigation. Pharmacovigilance analysis revealed that tamoxifen, methylprednisolone, betamethasone, prednisone, rebif, ustekinumab, natalizumab, baclofen, dabigatran etexilate, and bupivacaine have the potential to induce DAVFs. Cerebrovascular thrombotic and embolic events emerge as the most prominent co-adverse events of drug-induced DAVFs. Analyses based on drug-disease targets suggested that the regulation of angiogenesis could be a potential mechanism in tamoxifen-induced DAVFs. Apart from medications with gender-specific prescription patterns, most medications exhibit a high risk of DAVF in adult male cohorts. Five patients with drug-related DAVFs experienced severe (fatal) outcomes, with four reports attributed to tamoxifen.

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the diverse range of drugs implicated in the occurrence or progression of DAVF. Drugs such as tamoxifen, corticosteroids, multiple sclerosis medications, and oral anticoagulants require particular attention. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms and risk factors, such as thrombosis, contributing to drug-induced DAVF to inform preventive strategies and optimize patient care.
Autoimmune diseases and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
Authors: Bai Xiao , Guo Yunran , Zhu Xinmao , Dai Dongqiu 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Several autoimmune diseases (ADs) are considered risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. This study pooled and appraised the evidence associating ADs with GI cancer risks.

Methods:
Three databases were examined from initiation through 26 January 2024. Evidence was determined by the criteria including the P-value of random-effects, small-study effects, excess significance bias, heterogeneity, and 95% prediction interval.

Results:
Fourteen meta-analyses including 211 primary studies describing 31 associations were selected. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are strong risk factors (with effect sizes of 10.33 and 12.12, respectively) for small bowel cancer (SBC), as indicated by highly suggestive evidence. Another highly suggestive evidence is that gastric cancer (GC) risk was elevated in individuals suffering from pernicious anemia (PA, effect size: 2.80). Suggestive evidence emerged that the risks of colorectal cancer (CRC) were decreased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA, effect size: 0.79) but increased in patients with IBD (effect size: 1.82).

Conclusions:
This study finds three highly suggestive pieces of evidence of IBD and CD patients with higher SBC risk and PA patients with higher GC risk. Future studies should identify these associations to provide more personalized cancer screenings for patients with ADs.
Implementing Team-Based Learning in a First-Year, Doctor of Physical Therapy Clinical Medicine Course
Authors: Hartman Jeff , Nelson Evan O. 
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose.
Team-based learning (TBL) allows students to safely struggle with the complexity of clinical practice, yet there are few reports describing implementation in United States Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) education. The purpose of this paper is to report the implementation of TBL in a first-year clinical decision-making course within a DPT Program and compare the learning outcomes to a lecture-based teaching model.

Model/Method Description and Evaluation.
Team-based learning is an evidence-based, active learning technique whereby students complete clearly communicated, preclass assignments and come to class prepared to apply acquired knowledge and solve real-world scenarios in permanent, predetermined work teams. The University of Wisconsin, Madison implemented TBL in a first-year clinical medicine course. The percentage of points earned on all exams was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the aggregate course grade and 6 Clinical Performance Instrument performance criteria.

Outcomes.
Three consecutive cohorts (n = 117) were taught using lecture-based teaching, and 3 (n = 118) using TBL. Examination scores were not different between TBL (mean [SD] = 89.61% [3.13%]) and lecture-based teaching (88.50% [4.21%]), and TBL yielded a higher (Β = 0.73, P = .04) aggregate course grade. Clinical Performance Instrument assessments of student performance during clinical education experiences were not different.

Discussion and Conclusion.
Team-based learning maintained exam, course, and clinical performance. The 0.73% higher course grade for students receiving TBL education is unlikely to represent a meaningful difference in learning outcomes. Implementing TBL in a clinically oriented course as early as the first year of DPT education may create an effective teaching and learning environment that balances content acquisition with clinical application.
Clinical characterization of IRF2BPL mutation: Case series and review of the literature
Authors: Lou Xiaoxia , Li Wenfeng , Pang Mend , Wang Yanqiang , Zhu Xinli , Geng Jianhong 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:

IRF2BPL is an intronless gene localized to chromosome 14q24.3 that encodes an interferon regulatory factor 2 binding-like protein. In this study, we reviewed the literature on mutations in the IFR2BPL gene. In addition, we report a case of Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Degeneration, Abnormal Movements, Loss of Speech and Seizures (NEDAMSS) caused by a mutation in the IFR2BPL gene. The aim of this report is to increase clinicians’ awareness of such clinical cases.

Patient concerns:
In this report, we discuss the case of a 15-year-old male patient. The patient started with epilepsy and dystonia and was treated with antiepileptic seizure medication, then he was admitted to our hospital for recurrent seizures of epilepsy and dystonia, and the diagnosis of NEDAMSS was confirmed by whole exome genetic testing.

Diagnoses:
Exome-wide genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of NEADMSS due to IRF2BPL.

Interventions:
Exome-wide genetic testing reveals mutations in the IFR2BPL gene.

Outcomes:
Symptoms improved from before after antiepileptic seizure medication combined with drugs to improve dystonia.

Lessons:
We have come across a case of recurrent seizures of epilepsy and dystonia due to a mutation in the IFR2BPL gene for which no definitive treatment has been found. Recently, several studies have led to the discovery of a new drug for the treatment of NEDAMSS. CuII (atsm) (copper II diacetylbis(4-methylaminouracil)) (CuATSM) is a small-molecular-weight drug that can be administered orally and then used in the human body. The literature suggests that the underlying mechanism of CuATSM involves the restoration of mitochondrial function, including correction of the mitochondrial differentiation and mislocalization observed in cells from NEDAMSS patients, but extensive trials are needed to demonstrate its efficacy in IFR2BPL-related diseases.
Clinical efficacy of ulinastatin in patients with pulmonary edema: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Tan Ruimin , Yan Yating , Yang Huihui , Li Qinghao , Guo He , Yang Zinan , Han Xumin , Du Quansheng 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To methodically assess the clinical impact of ulinastatin on patients suffering from pulmonary edema.

Methods:
PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang data, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) databases were searched using such keywords as ulinastatin, pulmonary edema, and randomized controlled trial (RCT). The search time was from the establishment of the database to August 2023. Two researchers were responsible for literature screening and data collection respectively. After the risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated, meta-analysis was performed using statistical software RevMan 5.4 and GRADE profiler software was used to evaluate evidence quality.

Results:
Nine RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with conventional treatment group, the incidence of pulmonary edema of the patients in the ulinastatin group decreased, with odds ratios (OR) of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.657), extravascular pulmonary water index (EVLWI) decreased, with mean difference (MD) of −0.75 (95% CI: −1.32, −0.17), ventilator use time decreased, with MD of −2.86 (95% CI: −0.26, 0.23), the intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay decreased, with MD of −1.56 (95% CI: −1.75, −1.38). The pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) decreased in ulinastatin group, with MD of −0.10 (95% CI: −0.24, 0.03), but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Compared with conventional treatment, ulinastatin may reduce the incidence of pulmonary edema, decrease EVLWI, ventilator use time and the ICU length of stay in patients with pulmonary edema, but it could not reduce PVPI.
Diagnostic accuracy of imaging modalities in nasal trauma: A comparative study
Authors: Giri Sandarva , Kirti Anila , Khan Sajjad Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

In the realm of diagnostic imaging for nasal trauma, the comparative efficacy of ultrasonography (USG) vs conventional radiology has emerged as a pivotal area of investigation. In this prospective study, we investigated the efficacy of USG compared to conventional radiology in diagnosing nasal bone fractures in 81 patients presenting with suspected nasal trauma. Each patient underwent thorough clinical examination followed by X-ray and USG assessment. Our study revealed that USG offers significant advantages over conventional radiology, particularly in detecting subtle or minor nasal bone fractures. This capability is crucial as nasal fractures can vary widely in severity, with some being less apparent on traditional X-ray imaging. USG, on the other hand, excels in visualizing even trivial fractures due to its high resolution and ability to closely examine soft tissue and bone interfaces of the nose. Moreover, USG is a radiation-free imaging modality, making it particularly suitable for frequent use in diagnosing nasal fractures without concerns about cumulative radiation exposure, especially important in young patients or pregnant women. Additionally, USG provides the convenience of immediate results and the ability to produce printed documentation, which can be invaluable for medico-legal purposes.
Based on our findings, we conclude that USG represents a reliable and readily available diagnostic tool for nasal bone fractures. Its noninvasive nature, coupled with its high diagnostic accuracy for subtle fractures, supports its role as a preferred investigation method alongside clinical examination. Healthcare providers and emergency departments may benefit from incorporating USG into their diagnostic algorithms for nasal trauma, enhancing diagnostic precision and patient care outcomes. Future research could further explore the comparative effectiveness of USG against other imaging modalities in differentiating nasal bone fractures of varying severities.
Transitioning to Opioid-free Anesthesia for Pediatric Supracondylar Fracture Repairs: A Patient Safety Report
Authors: Henson Laurence O. , Chiem Jennifer , Joseph Emmanuella , Patrao Fiona , Low Daniel King-Wai 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Supracondylar fractures are among the most common injuries in the pediatric population. Recently, there has been increased interest in developing opioid-free anesthetic protocols that achieve these same goals without the risks associated with opioid use, such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), delayed discharges, and respiratory depression.

Methods:
Seattle Children’s Hospital implemented opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) for pediatric supracondylar fracture repairs in January 2021. This patient safety report compares the clinical outcomes of these patients to those who received intraoperative opioids. Clinical effectiveness was measured using the maximum pain scores in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), postoperative opioid rescue rates in PACU and PONV rescue rate. PACU length of stay (LOS) was chosen as a clinical balancing measure.

Results:
The opioid group (n = 464) had a mean maximum pain score of 3.39 compared with the OFA group (n = 816), which had a mean maximum of 3.70. The PACU IV opioid rescue rate for the opioid group was 38.82%, whereas the OFA group was 38.73%. The opioid group had a PONV rescue rate of 1.53%, compared with 0.23% in the OFA group. Mean LOS in the PACU was 79 minutes for the opioid group and 86 minutes for the OFA group.

Conclusions:
The shift to OFA for intraoperative management of patients’ supracondylar fracture repair resulted in similar postoperative analgesic outcomes when compared with an opioid-based approach, with a reduced PONV rate and minimal increase in LOS. Transitioning to OFA provided a safe and effective protocol for supracondylar repairs.
Foot orthosis design for children with Charcot-Marie-Tooth and impact on gait
Authors: Martel Mélissa , Parent Audrey , Émond Monique , Rivet Nancy , Fortin Carole , Ballaz Laurent 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) is a progressive disease resulting in distal sensory deficit and muscular weakness. As the disease progresses, most children develop a cavovarus foot deformity. Foot orthoses (FO) are widely prescribed in CMT to support the foot and improve gait, but there is a lack of guidelines for their conception. The aim of this pilot study was to report the methodology used for the design of FO (FOmax) based on an evaluation of foot deformities and to assess its effects on gait in children with CMT.

Methods:
This study included 11 children with CMT. Participants were provided with a classic pair of FO (FOclass) and a pair of FOmax. A full evaluation of foot deformities was performed, and a decision-making algorithm was used for the FOmax design. A gait analysis was performed with both FO after 3 months of wear.

Results:
Wearing FOmax compared with FOclass increased walking speed, step length, and single stance time. Hip flexion/extension range of motion during stance also increased. The pressure-time integral decreased on the lateral midfoot with FOmax.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that the FOmax, based on the algorithm, offers benefits for walking in children with CMT. The increased step length could be related to the increase of hip range of motion. The increase in walking speed and single support times could result from a better distribution of the plantar pressure that optimizes stability during walking. The present results need to be confirmed with a larger sample.
Simple Growth Conditions Improve Targeted Gene Deletion inCryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Watson Rebekah G. , Hole Camaron R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCryptococcus neoformansinfections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among AIDS patients and the third most common invasive fungal infection in organ transplant recipients. The cryptococcal cell wall is very dynamic and can be modulated depending on growth conditions. It was reported that whenC. neoformansis grown in unbuffered yeast nitrogen base (YNB) for 48 hours, the pH of the media drastically drops and the cells start to shed their cell walls. With this observation, we sought to determine if YNB-grown cells could be used directly for genetic transformation. To test this, we targetedADE2using TRACE (transient CRISPR–Cas9 coupled with electroporation) in YNB-grown or competent cells. Deletion of theADE2gene results in red-pigmented colonies allowing visual confirmation of disruption. We were able to successfully deleteADE2in YNB-grown cells and with better efficiency compared to competent cells. Recently, it was shown that gene deletion can be accomplished using short (50 bp) homology arms in place of the normal long arms (∼1 kb). However, it was inefficient, leading to more insertions and gene disruption than gene deletions. We tested short homology with YNB-grown cells vs. competent cells and found gene deletion was significantly improved in YNB-grown cells, around 60%, compared to around 6% with the competent cells. This was also observed when we deleted LAC1 with the short arms. Altogether, using simple growth conditions, we have greatly improved the speed and efficiency of cryptococcal genetic transformations.ImportanceThe World Health Organization recently rankedC. neoformansas the #1 highest-priority fungal pathogen based on unmet research and development needs and public health importance. Understanding cryptococcal pathogenicity is key for developing treatments. We found that using simple growth conditions can greatly improve the speed and efficiency of cryptococcal genetic transformations. This finding will advance the field by expanding the ease of cryptococcal genetic manipulations.
Ultra-sensitive detection ofPhytophthora pluvialisby real-time PCR targeting a mitochondrial gene
Authors: O’Neill R. , McLay E. , Leite L. Nunes , Panda P. , Pérez-Sierra A. , Eacock A. , Le Boldus J. M. , Stamm E. A. , Fraser S. , McDougal R. L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhytophthora pluvialisis a forest tree pathogen present in the USA, New Zealand, UK and Belgium. Reported hosts include Douglas-fir in the USA, New Zealand, UK and Belgium, as well as tanoak in the USA, radiata pine in New Zealand, Japanese larch and western hemlock in the UK. Disease symptoms range from needle lesions and casting on radiata pine through to twig and stem cankers, and crown dieback on western hemlock, Douglas-fir and Japanese larch. Current detection methods rely on isolation and culture, or PCR using a single-copy gene target with limited sensitivity at low pathogen titre. A qPCR assay targeting a multiple-copy mitochondrial gene was designed to increase sensitivity ofP. pluvialisdetection in forest samples, critical for informing biosecurity, long term disease management and ongoing research. The resulting assay has a detection limit of 12.8 fg mycelial DNA and can detect the pathogen on average 6.12 qPCR cycles before the single-copy target assay. In New Zealand forest samples, the assay was found to consistently detectP. pluvialisin all stages of radiata pine needle disease symptoms from early asymptomatic infection through to fully cast needles. The new assay allowed for asymptomatic detection ofP. pluvialisin radiata pine needle samples four weeks before visual symptoms of disease were observed. The availability of a highly sensitive assay has also enabled rapid and confident diagnostic support of the biosecurity response in the UK during recent detection ofP. pluvialis. The assay has been used in applications requiring detection at low pathogen titre levels including asymptomatic infection, stream baiting, cast needles and during biosecurity responses, making it a useful tool for effective early detection and management ofP. pluvialisin affected forests.