bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L-carnitine prevents lenvatinib-induced muscle toxicity without impairment of the anti-angiogenic efficacy
Authors: Jing Zheng , Iba Tomohiro , Naito Hisamichi , Xu Pingping , Morishige Jun-ichi , Nagata Naoto , Okubo Hironao , Ando Hitoshi 
Published: April 2023

Lenvatinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that acts on multiple receptors involved in angiogenesis. Lenvatinib is a standard agent for the treatment of several types of advanced cancers; however, it frequently causes muscle-related adverse reactions. Our previous study revealed that lenvatinib treatment reduced carnitine content and the expression of carnitine-related and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins in the skeletal muscle of rats. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of L-carnitine on myotoxic and anti-angiogenic actions of lenvatinib. Co-administration of L-carnitine in rats treated with lenvatinib for 2 weeks completely prevented the decrease in carnitine content and expression levels of carnitine-related and OXPHOS proteins, including carnitine/organic cation transporter 2, in the skeletal muscle. Moreover, L-carnitine counteracted lenvatinib-induced protein synthesis inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell toxicity in C2C12 myocytes. In contrast, L-carnitine had no influence on either lenvatinib-induced inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 phosphorylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells or angiogenesis in endothelial tube formation and mouse aortic ring assays. These results suggest that L-carnitine supplementation could prevent lenvatinib-induced muscle toxicity without diminishing its antineoplastic activity, although further clinical studies are needed to validate these findings.
Social media use and adolescents’ well-being: A note on flourishing
Authors: Marciano Laura , Viswanath Kasisomayajula 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundSeveral large-scale studies and reviews have reported both negative and positive associations of social media use with well-being, suggesting that the findings are more complex and need more nuanced study. Moreover, there is little or no exploration of how social media use in adolescence influences flourishing, a more all-encompassing construct beyond well-being, including six sub-domains (i.e., happiness, meaning and purpose, physical and mental health, character, close social relationships, and financial stability). This paper aims to fill this gap by understanding how adolescents might flourish through social media activities by fulfilling the basic needs pointed out by the Self-Determination Theory, i.e., relatedness, autonomy, and competence.MethodsThe study is drawn on cross-sectional data collected from 1,429 Swiss adolescents (58.8% females, Mage = 15.84, SDage = 0.83) as part of the HappyB project in Spring 2022. Self-reported measures included the Harvard Adolescent Flourishing scale, positive and negative online social experiences, self-disclosure on social media, and social media inspiration. Control variables included, among others, self-esteem, ill-being, and personality.ResultsAfter applying Bonferroni’s correction, results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that positive social media experiences (β = 0.112, p &lt; 0.001) and social media inspirations from others (β = 0.072, p &lt; 0.001) and for others (β = 0.060, p = 0.003) were positively associated with flourishing. Flourishing was inversely associated with negative social media experiences (β = −0.076, p &lt; 0.001). Among covariates, self-esteem (β = 0.350, p &lt; 0.001), ill-being (β = −0.252, p &lt; 0.001), perceived school environment (β = 0.138, p &lt; 0.001), self-reported level of physical activity (β =0.109, p &lt; 0.001), and perceived socio-economic status (β = −0.059, p = 0.001) were all related to flourishing. In contrast, gender, high school year, age, perceived stress, and personality (extraversion and neuroticism) were not.ConclusionUsing a well-being framework to investigate social media use in adolescents is needed to go beyond the ill-being perspective. Our results align with the needs pointed out by the Self-Determination Theory. Carrying out social media activities in a way that promotes—rather than diminishes—flourishing should be included as an additional good habit influencing adolescents’ development. We suggest that interventions aiming to foster adolescents’ flourishing should include curricula aiming to promote a good use of social media through positive online social relationships and inspirational contents.
Investigation of the pharmacological treatment patterns of Chinese patients with major depressive disorder under real-world settings using multi-channel sequence analysis
Authors: Wu Tao , Dong Sijia , Yang Lu , Qiu Hong , Qiu Hong , Mellor David , Chen Jun , Xu Yifeng 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundDespite many treatment guidelines available now, the treatment patterns of major depressive disorder (MDD) in China haven't been well-understood due to complexity and diversity.AimTo describe pharmacological treatment patterns of MDD patients in real-world settings using electronic health records from a major psychiatric hospital in China.MethodsMDD patients (18–65 years, ICD-10: F32.x, F33.x) newly initiated single antidepressant (AD) in 2015 were enrolled, the date of first AD prescription during the study period was defined as index date, and eligible patients were followed up to 1 year. Treatment patterns were revealed and analyzed using multi-channel sequence analysis (MCSA), considering patients' chronological sequences (in days) of AD prescription, cumulative treatment step(s), and polypharmacy usage during the follow-up.ResultsThis study (n = 5,003) identified four types of MDD treatment patterns. The first type (1-time treatment) represents the largest proportion of patients (73.6%, n = 3,686), followed by the second type (6-month consistent treatment) and third type (long-term, consistent treatment) collectively accounted for 20.6% (n = 1,031) of patients, by contrast the last type (long-term, inconsistent treatment) made up the rest 5.7% (n = 286) of patients while exhibiting the most complicated treatments patterns. The choice of AD was dominated by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), while treatment duration spent in polypharmacy spanned at 2.8%, 16.4%, 2.0%, and 36.5% over the four types, respectively.ConclusionTreatment patterns reflecting real-world pharmacological treatment practices of MDD in China were revealed using MCSA. The observed discrepancies between real-world practice and treatment guidelines provided additional insights in improving the clinical management of MDD.
Effects of interpersonal sensitivity on depressive symptoms in postgraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Psychological capital and sleep quality as mediators
Authors: Liu Xin , Peng Lixin , Wang Zhen , Zeng Ping , Mi Yanyan , Xu Haibo 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to examine depressive symptoms associated with interpersonal sensitivity, sleep quality, and psychological capital among postgraduate students during static campus management after the COVID-19 pandemic in China.MethodsResearch data were obtained during static campus management (10–19 April 2022) after the reappearance of COVID-19 in cities in eastern China. We collected data through an online questionnaire, and the anonymous self-reported questionnaire included the Patient Health Questionnaire, the interpersonal sensitivity subscale of Symptom Checklist-90, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. analysis of variance was performed using t-test and ANOVA. The PROCESS macro was used to determine the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and depression, together with the independent and serial mediating role of psychological capital and sleep quality.ResultsA total of 2,554 postgraduate students were included in this study. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms was 30.97, 6.58, and 1.45%, respectively. Interpersonal sensitivity was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (direct effect = 0.183, p &lt; 0.001). Between interpersonal sensitivity and depressive symptoms, psychological capital and sleep quality played a single mediating role (indirect effect = 0.136 and 0.100, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and a chain mediating role together (indirect effect = 0.066, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionInterpersonal sensitivity has a significant influence on depression among Chinese graduate students. Psychological capital and sleep quality may not only independently mediate the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and depression, but also co-play a chain-mediating role in the pathway from interpersonal sensitivity to depression. Positive psychological interventions and sleep guidance may be beneficial in alleviating depressive symptoms.
Child and adolescent mental well-being intervention programme: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Lam Lawrence T. , Lam Mary K. 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThere has been an increasing awareness and recognition of mental well-being as one of the main outcome measures in national mental health policy and service provision in recent years. Many systemic reviews on intervention programmes for mental health or general well-being in young people have been conducted; however, these reviews were not mental well-being specific.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the effectiveness of child and adolescent mental well-being intervention programmes and to identify the approach of effective intervention by reviewing the available Randomised Controlled Trials.MethodsThis systematic review study followed the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews ensuring a methodical and structured approach for the literature search and the subsequent review processes. The systematic literature search utilised major medical and health databases. Covidence, an online application for conducting systematic reviews, was used to assemble the titles, abstracts and full articles retrieved from the initial literature search. To examine the quality of the included trials for determining the strength of the evidence provided, the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for Randomised Controlled Trial was used.ResultsThere were 34 studies identified after an extensive search of the literature following the PRISMA guidelines. Seven (7) fulfilled all selection criteria and provided information on the effect of an intervention programme on mental well-being in adolescence. Data were extracted and analysed systematically with key information summarised. The results suggested that two (2) programmes demonstrated significant intervention effects, but with a small effect size. The quality of these trials was also assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for Randomised Controlled Trials and identified some methodological issues.ConclusionIn conclusion, activity-based and psychoeducation are shown to be potentially effective approaches for future programme development. More research on a well-designed programme is urgently needed, particularly in developing countries, to provide good evidence in supporting the mental health policy through the enhancement of mental well-being in young people.
Loneliness and depressive symptoms among men who have sex with men in China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Yang Yuting , Fu Chaowei , Lin Haijiang , Wang Tingting , Wang Shanling , Kuang Jiawen , Chen Xiaoxiao , Wang Jingyi 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundWhile psychosocial problems and their related factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) have been well documented in developed countries, there are still not many studies addressing this issue in China and the results are inconsistent. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of loneliness and depressive symptoms among MSM, examine their associated factors, and investigate potential factors moderating the link between depressive symptoms and loneliness.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Taizhou of Zhejiang Province in China between April and November 2021. Loneliness was assessed using the 3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA-3), and depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ-9). Data from 655 MSM were eligible for analysis. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between independent variables and the outcomes of loneliness and depression. The interaction terms were added in the models to assess the moderating effects.ResultsOf the MSM sample, 13.28 and 7.48% perceived loneliness and reported moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, respectively. We found that participants who experienced loneliness were more likely to have younger age (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21, 0.93, 15–32 years as reference group), low social support (OR 3.60, 95% CI 2.14, 6.04), low self-esteem (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.45, 6.32) and moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms (OR 5.45, 95% CI 2.66, 11.15). The participants with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms were more likely to have low self-esteem (OR 6.78, 95% CI 3.08, 14.95) and feelings of loneliness (OR 5.51, 95% CI 2.66, 11.40). Stratified analyzes showed that the magnitude of the associations between depressive symptoms and loneliness varied in MSM with different age, marital status, and self-esteem.ConclusionOur study suggests that we need to pay attention to feelings of loneliness and depressive symptoms and their closely associated factors such as social support and self-esteem among MSM in China. The MSM who were young, not married, and had low self-esteem were especially vulnerable to the impact of depressive symptoms on loneliness.
Coping strategies following the diagnosis of a fetal anomaly: A scoping review
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Chen Wei-Ti , He Qingnan , Li Ying , Peng Huiting , Xie Jiaying , Hu Hengfen , Qin Chunxiang 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionMany women experience severe emotional distress (such as grief, depression, and anxiety) following a diagnosis of fetal anomaly. The ability to cope with stressful events and regulate emotions across diverse situations may play a primary role in psychological wellbeing. This study aims to present coping strategies after disclosing a fetal anomaly to pregnant women.MethodsThis is a scoping review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Electronic databases, including Web of Science (WOS, BCI, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, SCIELO), CINAHL, and EBSCO PsycARTICLES, were used to search for primary studies from the inception of each database to 2021. The keywords were determined by existing literature and included: “fetal anomaly,” “fetal abnormality,” “fetal anomaly,” “fetal abnormality” AND “cope,” “coping,” “deal,” “manage,” “adapt*,” “emotion* regulate*,” with the use of Boolean operators AND/OR. A total of 16 articles were reviewed, followed by advancing scoping review methodology of Arksey and O'Malley's framework.ResultsIn this review, we identified 52 coping strategies using five questionnaires in seven quantitative studies and one mixed-method study. The relationship between coping strategies and mental distress was explored. However, the results were inconsistent and incomparable. We synthesized four coping categories from qualitative studies and presented them in an intersection.ConclusionThis scoping review identified the coping strategies of women with a diagnosis of a fetal anomaly during pregnancy. The relationship between coping strategies and mental distress was uncertain and needs more exploration. We considered an appropriate measurement should be necessary for the research of coping in women diagnosed with fetal anomaly pregnancy.
Alcohol misuse, health-related behaviors, and burnout among clinical therapists in China during the early Covid-19 pandemic: A Nationwide survey
Authors: Tao Rui , Hsu Michael , Min Kaiyuan , Mo Daming , Geng Feng , Xia Lei , Liu Tingfang , Liu Yuanli , Jiang Feng , Liu Huanzhong , Tang Yi-lang 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the extent of alcohol use and misuse among clinical therapists working in psychiatric hospitals in China during the early COVID-19 Pandemic, and to identify associated factors.MethodsAn anonymous nationwide survey was conducted in 41 tertiary psychiatric hospitals. We collected demographic data as well as alcohol use using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) and burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey.ResultsIn total, 396 clinical therapists completed the survey, representing 89.0% of all potential participants we targeted. The mean age of participants was 33.8 years old, and more than three-quarters (77.5%) were female. Nearly two-fifths (39.1%) self-reported as current alcohol users. The overall prevalence of alcohol misuse was 6.6%. Nearly one-fifth (19.9%) reported symptoms of burnout with high emotional exhaustion in 46 (11.6%), and high depersonalization in 61 (15.4%). Multiple logistic regression showed alcohol use was associated with male gender (OR = 4.392; 95% CI =2.443–7.894), single marital status (OR = 1.652; 95% CI =0.970–2.814), smoking habit (OR = 3.847; 95%CI =1.160–12.758) and regular exercise (OR = 2.719; 95%CI =1.490–4.963). Alcohol misuse was associated with male gender (OR = 3.367; 95% CI =1.174–9.655), a lower education level (OR = 3.788; 95%CI =1.009–14.224), smoking habit (OR = 4.626; 95%CI =1.277–16.754) and high burnout (depersonalization, OR = 4.848; 95%CI =1.433–16.406).ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, clinical therapists’ alcohol consumption did not increase significantly. Male gender, cigarette smoking, and burnout are associated with an increased risk of alcohol misuse among clinical therapists. Targeted intervention is needed when developing strategies to reduce alcohol misuse and improve clinical therapists’ wellness and mental health.
Internet gaming disorder and aggression: A meta-analysis of teenagers and young adults
Authors: Li Shunyu , Wu Zhili , Zhang Yuxuan , Xu Mengmeng , Wang Xiaotong , Ma Xiaonan 
Published: April 2023

Background and aimsInternet gaming disorder (IGD) and aggression (AG) are widespread phenomena around the world. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between the two but findings from such studies are inconsistent. The meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relationship between IGD and AG as well as identify the variables moderating the relationship.MethodStudies investigating the relationship between IGD and AG were searched using selected terms to identify studies published from 1999 to 2022 on CNKI, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP Information Co., Ltd. (VIP), Baidu scholar, ProQuest dissertations, Taylor &amp; Francis, Springer, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Elsevier Science (Science Direct), EBSCO, and PsycINFO. The identified studies were pooled and analyzed.ResultsA total of 30 samples comprising 20,790 subjects were identified. Results showed that there was a moderate relationship between IGD and AG (r = 0.300, 95%CI [0.246, 0.353]). Moderator analysis revealed that the relationship between IGD and AG was moderated by the region, age, and survey year.ConclusionThis meta-analysis indicated that people with a higher level of IGD might show more aggression, and people with more aggression might have a higher level of IGD. The correlation coefficient between IGD and AG was significantly higher in Asia than in Europe, higher in primary school than in middle school and university, and higher by increasing year. Overall, our findings provide a basis for developing prevention and intervention strategies against IGD and AG.Systematic review registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022375267, 42022375267.
The impact of public health expenditure and gross domestic product per capita on the risk of catastrophic health expenditures for OECD countries
Authors: Söyük Selma 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionCatastrophic health expenditure refers to situations where households face financial ruin due to high healthcare costs. For household spending on health services, the lack of pre-payment mechanisms to equalize the low payment capacity and risk, and the inability of countries' health financing systems to fulfill their duties adequately all contribute to the creation or increase of the risk of catastrophic health expenditure. This situation has devastating effects on poor households first, but if the prevention mechanisms are insouciant, it can threaten the health system of the entire country. The research aims to assess the impact of the pre-paid financing model implementations and income levels on the ability of countries to reduce the risk of catastrophic health expenditure.MethodsThe paragraph explains the data used in the study, which is taken from OECD countries between 2003 and 2019. It also mentions the statistical models used in the study, which are static and dynamic panel regression models.ResultsThe findings indicate that pre-paid financing models, such as those based on taxation, can help reduce the risk of catastrophic health expenditure. The study also reveals that income levels play a role in this regard, with countries with higher incomes being better able to reduce the risk of catastrophic health expenditure.DiscussionThe study suggests that healthcare financing systems should aim to provide effective services and financial protection to improve universal health coverage and reduce the risk of catastrophic health expenditure. Further researches using different health indicators and inputs could add to the existing literature on how to limit catastrophic health expenses and address other related questions.