bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spiritual Care at the Crossroads: An Ecumenical White Paper on the Future of Christian Healthcare Chaplaincy
Authors: Peng-Keller Simon , Balboni Michael , Balboni Tracy , Haussmann Annette , Haythorn Trace , Mösli Pascal , Neuhold David , Nuzum Daniel R. , Smeets Wim , Swift Chris , Swinton John , Roser Traugott , Vandenhoeck Anne , Winiger Fabian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This ecumenical White Paper aims to clarify the profile of Christian healthcare chaplaincy in a context of rapidly changing healthcare systems. The increasing complexity and specialization of healthcare, the shift towards outpatient care, mounting economic pressures, the demographic and epidemiological transitions towards chronic and elderly care, and global health crises are profoundly transforming and challenging Christian healthcare chaplaincy. At the same time, the societal context of healthcare chaplaincy is also changing rapidly. While church resources and influence are declining, spiritual and religious diversification is on the rise. This paper engages with this rapid change as a moment of opportunity. It addresses the role of Christian healthcare chaplains in a time of change and clarifies their theological basis, their professional competencies, and the future of their education and training.
A custom-built liquid scintillation counter for the simultaneous application of CIEMAT/NIST and TDCR methods
Authors: Kossert Karsten , Bauer Hendrik , Takács Marcell Péter , Nähle Ole 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
PTB has developed a new liquid scintillation counter for activity determination. The new system was designed to address the shortcomings of commercial devices when it comes to metrological scrutiny. It is equipped with three photomultiplier tubes and an automated sample changer. An external 133Ba gamma-ray source is used to determine two types of quench indicating parameters for the CIEMAT/NIST efficiency tracing (CNET) method. Simultaneously, the counting data are also available for TDCR analysis. In this paper, findings from several test measurements are presented to demonstrate the performance of the new counter for TDCR and CNET applications. The results show that the new counter is significantly superior to its commercial counterparts, particularly when determining quench indicators.
Exploring Construction and Demolition Waste as a Sustainable Adsorbent for Efficient Removal of AB113 Dye from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Arhoun Brahim , Cerrillo-Gonzalez Maria del Mar , Villen-Guzman Maria , Paz-Garcia Juan Manuel , Rodriguez-Maroto Jose Miguel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An innovative approach to the treatment of textile wastewater by utilizing fine fractions of construction and demolition waste (CDW) as a cost-effective adsorbent is presented in this work. Through batch experiments, the impact of key parameters on the adsorption process was explored, identifying optimal conditions: natural pH, adsorbent dosage (S/L) of 20 g L−1, and temperature of 20 °C. The characterization of CDW was performed using ICP, BET, FTIR, SEM–EDX, XPS, and XRD. The kinetics of adsorption were effectively described by the Elovich model, while equilibrium adsorption data showed good agreement with the Freundlich model. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for acid blue AB113 dye on CDW obtained from Langmuir isotherm was 89.52 mg g–1. Thermodynamic analysis indicated an exothermic and feasible nature of the adsorption process. The results of this study highlight the potential use of fine CDW as a promising adsorbent to remove acid blue113 dye from textile wastewater.

Graphical Abstract
Assessment of mastoid emissary foramen morphology: a multidetector computed tomography study
Authors: Ertürk Ahmet Faruk , Ünsal Gürkan , Göksel Sevde , Çelebi Elif , Tunç Hamit , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the occurrence and morphological features of the mastoid emissary foramen (MEF) using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images. The analysis highlights the clinical significance of these structures and their implications for surgical procedures.

Methods
A total of 357 patients were evaluated using MDCT in bone window mode with a high-resolution technique (1 mm). The presence, number, and mean diameter of the MEFs were recorded. Statistical analyses compared data between both sides and sexes.

Results
714 sides from 357 patients (177 male, 180 female) were analyzed. The patients’ ages ranged from 7 to 83 years, with a mean age of 25.6. MEFs were found in 329 patients, representing 92.15% of the total. The diameters of the MEFs ranged from 0.6 mm to 5.0 mm on the right side (mean 1.80 mm) and from 0.6 mm to 4.4 mm on the left side (mean 1.96 mm). Up to 3 MEFs were identified on the right side, and a maximum of 6 on the left. No significant differences in MEF presence were observed between sexes or between the left and right sides (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
This study reveals a high prevalence and notable anatomical variations in the MEF, with MEFs larger than previously reported. At least one MEF was detected in 92.15% of cases, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive preoperative evaluation.
Analysis of cyanide exposure status in fire-related deaths using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model
Authors: Harada Kazuo , Tokugawa Yuri , Henmi Kazunari , Miyashita Yohei , Sakahashi Yuji , Nishihori Taichi , Sakamoto Yukari , Yang Chihpin , Isobe Yu , Sugimoto Kana , Nakama Kentaro , Katada Ryuichi , Matsumoto Hiroshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Fire victims often inhale hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas in addition to carbon monoxide. This study aimed to investigate the current prevalence of HCN inhalation among fire victims and assess the contribution of HCN as a toxic factor in fire-related deaths.

Methods
The study included 29 cases of fire-related deaths, where autopsies were conducted at the Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka University, from April 2014 to March 2020. No resuscitation was performed before death was confirmed and blood samples were obtained from both the left and right cardiac chambers. Blood cyanide concentrations were measured. Additionally, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model, as described by Stamyr et al. (Arch Toxicol 89:1287–1296, 2015), was used to simulate the time course of blood concentration changes for different inhaled HCN concentrations. The inhaled HCN concentration and inhalation time that minimized the difference between the measured and simulated blood concentrations were calculated.

Results
Cyanide was detected in the cardiac blood of 76.3% of cases. In all instances, left cardiac blood concentrations were higher than those in the right cardiac blood. The simulations using the physiologically based pharmacokinetic model revealed eight cases where the inhaled HCN concentration exceeded 5000 ppm, with an inhalation time of less than 0.5 min.

Conclusions
Many fire victims inhaled HCN gas, and in a few cases, it appears that death occurred rapidly after inhalation of high HCN concentrations. These findings suggest that the contribution of cyanide gas to fire-related deaths warrants closer examination.
Malformations of Core M3 on α-Dystroglycan Are the Leading Cause of Dystroglycanopathies
Authors: Sharaf-Eldin Wessam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dystroglycanopathies (DGPs) are a group of autosomal recessive neuromuscular diseases with significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity. They originate due to defects in the O-mannosyl glycosylation of α-dystroglycan (α-DG), a prominent linker between the intracellular cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Fundamentally, such interactions are crucial for the integrity of muscle fibers and neuromuscular synapses, where their defects are mainly associated with muscle and brain dysfunction. To date, biallelic variants in 18 genes have been associated with DGPs, where the underlying cause is still undefined in a significant proportion of patients. Glycosylation of α-DG generates three core motifs where the core M3 is responsible for interaction with the basement membrane. Consistently, all gene defects that corrupt core M3 maturation have been identified as causes of DGPs. POMGNT1 which stimulates the generation of core M1 is also associated with DGPs, as it plays a central role in core M3 processing. Other genes involved in the glycosylation of α-DG seem unrelated to DPGs. The current review illustrates the O-mannosylation pathway of α-DG highlighting the functional properties of related genes and their contribution to the progression of DPGs. Different classes of DPGs are also elaborated characterizing the clinical features of each distinct type and phenotypes associated with each single gene. Finally, current therapeutic approaches with favorable outcomes are addressed. Potential achievements of preclinical and clinical studies would introduce effective curative therapies for this group of disorders in the near future.
Improving oil recovery of mature reservoirs utilizing low salinity water flooding: a case study—Kareem reservoir, Morgan field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Teama Mostafa A. , El Kady Ehab A. , Mesbah Maher A. , Salem Adel M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper aims to shed light on Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF) as an emerging Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technique with significant potential to improve oil production in mature oil fields. It specifically investigates the impact of LSWF on the Kareem Sandstone reservoir in the Morgan Oil Field, located in the Gulf of Suez (GOS), Egypt. The Kareem Sandstone reservoir is a heterogeneous oil-bearing formation with significant remaining oil saturation. Traditional water flooding methods have reached their economic limits, making an EOR solution necessary. LSWF is selected as a promising alternative, as it can alter wettability and improve oil displacement at a lower cost compared to surfactant flooding. A pilot LSWF project was implemented in a selected area of the Kareem Sandstone reservoir, using low-salinity brine (3000–4000 ppm) from the Shaggar water formation in the Gulf of Suez. Oil production was closely monitored during the injection process. The pilot project yielded encouraging results, with LSWF significantly increasing oil production compared to traditional water flooding significantly. The efficiency of this technique was quantified at the well scale using a Single-Well Chemical Tracer Test (SWCTT), as in-situ method for determining residual oil saturation (Sor) after flooding near the wellbore. The estimated incremental oil recovery from LSWF was approximately 10%. This improvement is attributed to LSWF’s ability to alter the wettability of the reservoir from oil-wet to water-wet, enhancing oil mobilization and sweep efficiency. The SWCTT results need to be scaled up to a sector model to account for the reservoir’s heterogeneity. The success of the pilot project demonstrates the potential of LSWF as an effective tool for improving the recovery factor of the Kareem sandstone reservoir in the Morgan oil field, providing valuable insights into its application in similar reservoirs.
The MEK5/ERK5 pathway promotes the activation of the Hedgehog/GLI signaling in melanoma cells
Authors: Tusa Ignazia , Gagliardi Sinforosa , Menconi Alessio , Maresca Luisa , Tubita Alessandro , Lulli Matteo , Stecca Barbara , Rovida Elisabetta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Malignant melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer, with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. We reported that both Hedgehog-GLI (HH/GLI) and Mitogen-activated protein Kinase (MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) pathways promote melanoma growth, and that ERK5 activation is required for HH/GLI-dependent melanoma cell proliferation. Here, we explored whether ERK5 regulates HH/GLI signaling.

Methods
Both genetic (using ERK5-specific shRNA) and pharmacologic (using the ERK5 inhibitors JWG-071 and AX15836, and the MAPK/ERK kinase 5, MEK5 inhibitors GW284543 and BIX02189) targeting approaches were used. Luciferase assay using the GLI-binding site luciferase reporter was performed to evaluate GLI transcriptional activity. A constitutively active form of MEK5 (MEK5DD) was used to induce ERK5 activation. 3D spheroid assays were performed in melanoma cells.

Results
Genetic and pharmacologic ERK5 inhibition reduces GLI1 and GLI2 protein levels and transcriptional activity of endogenous HH/GLI pathway induced by the agonist SAG in NIH/3T3 cells. In these cells, MEK5DD overexpression potentiates transcriptional activity of endogenous HH/GLI pathway induced by SAG, whereas ERK5 silencing prevents this effect. Consistently, MEK5DD overexpression increases GLI1 and GLI2 protein levels. In melanoma cells, ERK5 silencing reduces GLI1 and GLI2 mRNA and protein levels and inhibits GLI transcriptional activity. MEK5DD further increases the transcriptional activity of the HH/GLI pathway and GLI1 protein levels. Combination of GLI and MEK5 inhibitors is more effective than single treatments in reducing melanoma spheroid growth.

Conclusions
MEK5-ERK5 is an activator of GLI transcription factors, and combined targeting of these pathways warrants further preclinical investigation as a potential innovative therapeutic approach for melanoma.

Graphical abstract
Embedded trapped modes for the shallow water equation in an infinite channel
Authors: Rodríguez M. I. Romero 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Exact solutions for the shallow water equation in an infinite rectilinear channel with a small obstruction of the water bed are constructed in the form of infinite convergent series in powers of the small parameter characterizing the height of the obstruction. These solutions describe embedded trapped modes which are localized at the obstruction and decay at infinity. A simple formula for their frequencies is obtained.
Urinary 4-pyridoxic acid as a non-invasive biomarker for evaluating osteoarthritis severity: findings from the ROAD study
Authors: Yoshimura Noriko , Miyazaki Aiko , Iidaka Toshiko , Ando Nobuo , Tanegashima Gaku , Muraki Shigeyuki , Oka Horiyuki , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The early detection of osteoarthritis (OA) requires reliable biomarkers; however, reports identifying such biomarkers remain limited.

Aims
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of urinary 4-pyridoxic acid (4PA) as a biomarker for the severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and lumbar spondylosis (LS) in Japanese adults, using data from the population-based cohort study.

Methods
Data were analysed from 1566 participants (510 men and 1,056 women) aged ≥ 40 years, who were enrolled in the Research on Osteoarthritis/Osteoporosis against Disability (ROAD) cohort, a population-based study initiated in 2005. Participants underwent radiographic assessments of the knees and lumbar spine, and urinary 4PA levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between urinary 4PA levels and the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade of KOA and LS, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle factors.

Results
Urinary 4PA levels were significantly higher in participants with KL grade 4 KOA compared to those with lower KL grades (p < 0.001). This association remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors. In contrast, no significant differences in 4PA levels were observed across the KL grades for LS, although a slight increase in 4PA levels was noted in KL grade 4 cases.

Discussion and conclusions
These findings suggest that urinary 4PA could serve as a biomarker for assessing KOA severity, particularly in advanced stages. While the detection of early OA using 4PA remains challenging, the significant increase in KL grade 4 cases highlights its potential role in guiding treatment decisions, such as surgical intervention.
Resuscitative Thoracotomy in Children: Indications, Technical Aspects, and Impact on the Care Team
Authors: Joachim Alyssa , C. Ignacio Romeo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to understand the indications for resuscitative thoracotomy in pediatric trauma and review the steps to performing a resuscitative thoracotomy. This review will also discuss the potential emotional and mental health effects on the team after such traumatic experiences in children.

Recent Findings
As more data have been collected about pediatric resuscitative thoracotomy outcomes, recent studies have suggested that indications should differ from those in adults. In comparison to adults, the different physiologic responses in pediatric trauma patients have demonstrated worse outcomes for patients arriving without signs of life.

Summary
Pediatric trauma patients have distinct physiology from adults and require a unique set of considerations when deciding whether to perform a resuscitative thoracotomy. Trauma providers should understand both the risks and benefits of different resuscitative adjuncts, as well as the potential risks to the trauma team and how to mitigate these.
Process intensification toward galanthamine: continuous flow N-methylation of demethylbromonarwedine
Authors: Sulzer Niklas , Pusca Elena , Pfnier Johanna , Seifert Martin , Welzig Stefan , Dallinger Doris , Kappe C. Oliver 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A continuous flow process for the N-methylation of demethylbromonarwedine employing Eschweiler-Clarke conditions is reported for the synthesis of methylbromonarwedine, an intermediate of the anti-Alzheimer’s drug (−)-galanthamine. By intensifying this reaction by performing the N-methylation at elevated temperature and pressure, the reaction time was drastically reduced from 3 h in batch to only 40 s. The robustness of this process was demonstrated by operating it for 4.5 h, resulting in a product throughput of 20 g/h. Methylbromonarwedine was obtained not only in high yield (83%) but also with an excellent product content of 90%, which is a crucial factor in this route toward (−)-galanthamine.

Graphical Abstract
Identifying long-term patterns and predictors of concurrent psychotropic medicine use in residential aged care using group-based multi-trajectory modelling: the ‘MEDTRAC-Psychotropics’ longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Wabe Nasir , Meulenbroeks Isabelle , Firempong Desiree Chantelle , Urwin Rachel , Timothy Andrea , Raban Magdalena Z. , Mumford Virginia , Westbrook Johanna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Psychotropic medicines are commonly used in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) despite notable safety concerns. No prior studies have examined the longitudinal concurrent use of psychotropic medicines. We aimed to identify trajectories of concurrent use of three psychotropic medication classes over time and determine predictors of trajectory group membership for residents with and without dementia.

Methods
A retrospective longitudinal cohort study including 30 RACFs in Sydney, Australia. The study participants included 2837 newly admitted permanent residents (n = 1344 with dementia) aged ≥ 65 years. We monitored weekly exposure to three psychotropic classes—antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics/hypnotics—over three years. We used group-based multi-trajectory modelling to identify concurrent psychotropic medicine use.

Results
At baseline, 38.5%, 19.6%, and 16.7% of residents with dementia received antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics/hypnotics, respectively, compared to 32.8%, 7.1%, and 16.5% in residents without dementia. The concurrent use of multiple psychotropic classes occurred in 23.3% of non-dementia and 31.6% of dementia cohorts. The model identified 6-group and 4-group trajectories as the optimal fit for dementia and non-dementia cohorts, respectively. Psychotropic use trajectories mostly remained stable over time in non-dementia cohorts, while dementia cohorts showed more diverse and fluctuating use. Multinomial logistic regressions identified eleven predictors of trajectory membership in dementia and nine in non-dementia cohorts.

Conclusion
One in three residents with dementia and one in five without dementia concurrently use multiple psychotropics often for extended periods, which may put residents at risk. Further research should assess the appropriateness of such use and consider strategies for improving health outcomes.
Remediation of uranium-contaminated water and soil by biochar-based materials: a review
Authors: Xiong Xinni , Liu Juan , Xiao Tangfu , Lin Ke , Huang Yaole , Deng Pengyuan , Hu Haiyao , Wang Jin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Uranium (U) resources play a crucial role in energy utilization; however, uranium contamination in wastewater and soil has caused severe damage to the ecosystem and human health. Addressing this challenge requires the development of cost-effective and environmentally sustainable remediation materials. This review highlights the environmental merits of biochar-based materials in uranium decontamination, focusing on the diverse applications of modification techniques for enhancing the properties of pristine biochar. By analyzing over 110 relevant studies, the review demonstrates that biochar derived from various biomass sources, with proper modification, could exhibit high adsorption capacities for immobilising uranium in aqueous and soil environments. The primary removal mechanisms identified include physical adsorption and chemical reduction. These works indicate that biochar, produced from green feedstocks and featuring superior reusability, represents a cost-effective, sustainable solution for uranium remediation. Moreover, its application aligns with carbon sequestration and waste valorization, supporting sustainable development goals. Looking ahead, the engineering performance-oriented biochar materials with tailored physicochemical properties hold significant promise for addressing uranium contamination challenges. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of biochar-based materials as a green alternative for uranium remediation and offers valuable insights into advanced material modification strategies to enhance reactivity and effectiveness.

Graphical Abstract
Extending Sonine kernels to arbitrary dimensions
Authors: Fernandez Arran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The theory of general fractional calculus with Sonine kernels has been well developed by Luchko in the one-dimensional case. Inspired by recent work on Mikusiński’s operational calculus for fractional partial differential operators, we construct a multi-dimensional version of the theory of Sonine kernels, solving a recognised open problem in the field. Starting from a generalised version of the classical Sonine convolution condition, we construct fractional integral and derivative operators in arbitrary dimensions, and examine their properties such as fundamental theorems of fractional calculus. Illustrative examples of the general theory are also included.