bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient charged particle propagation methods
Authors: Reichherzer P. , Becker Tjus J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In astrophysics, the search for sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays continues. For further progress, not only ever better observatories but also ever more realistic numerical simulations are needed. We compare different approaches for numerical test simulations of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in the intergalactic magnetic field and show that all methods provide correct statistical propagation characteristics of the particles in means of their diffusive behaviour. Through convergence tests, we show that the necessary requirements for the methods differ and ultimately reveal significant differences in the required simulation time.
FeynCalc goes multiloop
Authors: Shtabovenko Vladyslav 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We report on the new functionality of the open-source MATHEMATICA package FEYNCALC relevant for multiloop calculations. In particular, we focus on such tasks as topology identification by means of the Pak algorithm, search for equivalent master integrals and their graph representations as well as automatic derivations of Feynman parametric representations for a wide class of multiloop integrals. The functions described in this report are expected to be finalized with the official release of FEYNCALC 10. The current development snapshot of the package including the documentation is publicly available on the project homepage. User feedback is highly encouraged.
A Flexible Divergence Elimination Method for Calculating Lepton Magnetic Moments in Quantum Electrodynamics
Authors: Volkov Sergey 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A precise calculation of the lepton anomalous magnetic moments (AMM) requires an evaluation of the quantum electrodynamics (QED) Feynman diagrams up to five independent loops. The complicated structure of ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR) and mixed divergences in the corresponding integrals makes it difficult to calculate these high-order contributions in reasonable computer time frame.
We demonstrate a method that eliminates all divergences point by point in Feynman parametric space (before integration) and possesses a flexibility that can be used for improving the precision of the numerical integration. This flexibility is especially actual for calculating the contributions of the Feynman diagrams with electron loops to the muon AMM. 3-loop and 4-loop numerical test results are provided.
The subtraction procedure is based on a forest formula with linear operators applied to the Feynman amplitudes of UV divergent subdiagrams. It is similar to BPHZ; the difference is in the linear operators used and in the way of combining them. It is equivalent to the on-shell renormalization after summation over diagrams: no residual renormalization is required.
Machine learning efforts in Sherpa
Authors: Janßen T , Schumann S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Modern machine learning methods offer great potential for increasing the efficiency of Monte Carlo event generators. We present the latest developments in the context of the SHERPA event generation framework. These include phase space sampling amended by normalizing flows and a new unweighting procedure based on neural-network surrogates for the full matrix elements. We discuss corresponding general construction criteria and show examples of efficiency gains for selected LHC production processes.
Mixed QCD-EW two-loop amplitudes for neutral current Drell-Yan production
Authors: Rana Narayan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present the mixed QCD-EW two-loop virtual amplitudes for the neutral current Drell-Yan production. The evaluation of the two-loop amplitudes is one of the bottlenecks for the complete calculation of the NNLO mixed QCD-EW corrections. We present the computational details, especially the evaluation of all the relevant two-loop Feynman integrals using analytical and semi-analytical methods. We perform the subtraction of universal infrared singularities and present the numerical evaluation of the hard function.
An open-source modular framework for quantum computing
Authors: Carrazza S. , Efthymiou S. , Lazzarin M. , Pasquale A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this proceedings we describe the current development status and recent technical achievements of Qibo, an open-source framework for quantum simulation. After a concise overview of the project goal, we introduce the modular layout for backend abstraction released in version 0.1.7. We discuss the advantages of each backend choice with particular emphasis on hardware accelerators for quantum state vector simulation. Finally, we summarize the primitives and models currently available.
Optimising hadronic collider simulations using amplitude neural networks
Authors: Moodie Ryan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Precision phenomenological studies of high-multiplicity scattering processes at collider experiments present a substantial theoretical challenge and are vitally important ingredients in experimental measurements. Machine learning technology has the potential to dramatically optimise simulations for complicated final states. We investigate the use of neural networks to approximate matrix elements, studying the case of loop-induced diphoton-plus-jets production through gluon fusion. We train neural network models on one-loop amplitudes from the NJet C++ library and interface them with the Sherpa Monte Carlo event generator to provide the matrix element within a realistic hadronic collider simulation. Computing some standard observables with the models and comparing to conventional techniques, we find excellent agreement in the distributions and a reduced total simulation time by a factor of thirty.
Three-loop topology analysis of neutral B-meson mixing with tapir
Authors: Gerlach Marvin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Modern advances in particle physics depend strongly on the usage of reliable computer programs. In this context two issues become important: The usage of powerful algorithms to handle the amount of evaluated data properly, and a software architecture capable of overcoming the problems of maintainability and extendability. We present our approach to such a computer program, called tapir. This tool assists computations in perturbative quantum field theory in many ways. Such calculations often involve the evaluation of a large amount of Feynman diagrams with multiple loops. tapir helps in reducing the number of diagrams, and the resulting integrals thereof, by identifying and minimizing their topological structure. We will focus on a three-loop calculation which is needed for the next-to-next-to leading order predictions of neutral B-meson systems. We show how tapir can be utilized for this kind of calculation.
DC-DC converters for the CMS MTD BTL and ECAL for HL-LHC
Authors: Gadek T. , Dissertori G. , Grossner U. , Stachon K. , Lustermann W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Minimum Ionizing Particle Timing Detector (MTD) will be introduced in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment to measure the production time of Minimum Ionizing Particles (MIPs). Power Conversion Cards (PCCs) regulates and supplies low voltage to front end electronics of the MTD barrel, the Barrel Timing Layer (BTL). The PCCs host three radiation and magnetic field tolerant DC-DC converters. The physical height of the PCC is limited to 7 mm, having necessitated development of custom inductors and shields. Additionally, the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter will be upgraded. On-detector Low Voltage Regulator (LVR) cards host four DC-DC converters and one linear regulator. In these proceedings we will present both cards’ designs evolution, stack-up and layout optimization, noise filtering choices and a performance evaluation.
Ecohydrological impacts of oil palm expansion: a systematic review
Authors: Gómez Angélica M , Parra Adriana , Pavelsky Tamlin M , Wise Erika , Villegas Juan Camilo , Meijide Ana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Global demand for vegetable oil and high oil palm yield have driven the rapid expansion of oil palm plantations in tropical countries. The research literature widely recognizes the effects of forest cover conversion into oil palm on biodiversity, deforestation, and carbon dynamics. However, research on the ecohydrological impacts of oil palm plantations is sparse, despite studies indicating that oil palm development may reshape land-water interactions and the availability and movement of water at different spatial and temporal scales. We address this gap by conducting a systematic literature review on oil palm development and its relation to ecohydrological processes. We found 139 relevant papers up to the year 2021, addressing different ecohydrological processes related to oil palm. We reviewed their spatiotemporal scales, geographic distribution, oil palm species and age, and the effects of land conversion from forest, cropland, and pastures. We also incorporated societal aspects regarding community perceptions of water. Our review highlights the effects of oil palm plantations on three main components of the water cycle: (i) land-atmosphere, (ii) fluvial systems, and (iii) soils and groundwater. Most studies include analyses of the Indo-Malayan and Australasian biogeographical regions (113), followed by the Neotropics (49) and the Afrotropics (15). Compared to rainforests, oil palm monocultures are warmer and drier. They have higher evapotranspiration (ET) rates, lower runoff regulation and infiltration capacity, and lower soil organic carbon (SOC). Although less often implemented, alternative oil palm management practices, including oil palm agroforestry, can help to mitigate some of these effects. Forest to oil palm conversion is the most studied land transition, while conversions from croplands, pastures, and grasslands are less studied. Overall, we identify gaps in understanding the long-term effects of management on ecohydrological processes under different land conversions, especially in the Neotropics and the Afrotropics, precluding research-informed policy to manage impacts of this expanding crop.
An Incite on advanced alternative fuels Based on India.
Authors: Saha Aritradeep , Sharma Dugala Navdeep 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Two factors that have been manipulating automobile industries and scientific communities for the study of alternative fuel/energy sources and its uses for the automobiles are depletion of oil resources and various other environmental factors. In these circumstances, some of the alternative fuel sources will have major benefits fitting into our world of automobile at present time due to their very different characteristic traits but some will also have a lot of challenging disadvantages again due to their distinct character traits. The main issue raised at the present moment is the making of the perfect choice of the alternative fuel in terms of present conditions. For the proper demarcation and determination of the perfect alternative fuel, it is essential to know the characteristics of the energy types along with their advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, a qualitative analysis of the very distinct available alternative fuels is available which are best suited for the current scenario of India (every fact and figure and demonstrations are made keeping in mind of the factor concerning the stakes and factors working in India).
A Review on Analysis of Damage Diagnosis and the Vibration Characteristics of Steel Bridge Structures
Authors: kour Palakpreet , Tangri Amanpreet , Tiwary Aditya Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cracks or crevasses in girder steel bridges caused by moist environmental issues such as corrosion have the possibility of causing structural destruction, resulting in the loss of unanticipated events, assets, and human life. This obliteration can be overlooked if cracks are resolved early. The cracks in the bridge girder alter its strength and vibration characteristics. The current study examines various studies in the field of crack detection/damage detection that have been conducted using various numerical and experimental techniques. Analysis of finite elements (FEA) can be highly useful in protecting a structure from damage and cracks. The review deals with the investigation of damage commencing from environmental exposure conditions which can be studied via various numerical and experimental investigations by means of simulation techniques. By dint of these software-aided techniques, the research can be carried out in a simple and effortless manner. FEA enables engineers to conduct the simulation of a designed model rather than creating a physical model for testing. The current study looks at the effect of damage initiation and propagation using software-operated techniques The Applications of finite element methodology, which requires a software package for dynamic simulations, are presented and highlighted in terms of innovation and future research in studying crack attributes of natural and mode shapes.
A Review on Effect of the Positioning of Shear Wall for Earthquake Resistance Multi-Story Building
Authors: Mohammadi M H , kumar P , Rishi V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Earthquake is one of the major natural disasters in the world. It considered that. The damage caused due to the collapse of buildings during the earthquake is huge. The main reason for this calamity is the extirpation of manmade structures. The structure’s lack of lateral rigidity is the first reason for its destruction during an earthquake. multi-story buildings need a seismic motion for their stability. Some endeavors have been done for finding the best method to make multi-story buildings strong and stable against earthquake forces. Provision of shear wall is one of the main options to provide diaphragm, which provides lateral strength for high-rise and multi-story structures. Shear walls have proper characteristics such as stiffness and strength, which can support building to resist high lateral and vertical loads. This paper aimed to find out the optimum positioning of the shear wall in a multi-story building on the sloped ground. A reinforced concrete (RC) framed building of (G+5) story on sloping area subjected to earthquake loading in zone V is considered. The analyses and design comparison is carried out using STAAD Pro structural design software. Different cases of the shear wall at various locations of the considered building have been analyzed.
Finite Element Analysis of High-Strength Concrete Pavement Made With The Addition Of Fibres
Authors: Ubair Ul Islam Sheikh , Chopra Avani , Tiwary Aditya Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper provides an analytical Solutions and software-based analysis on the determination of Stress-Strain behaviour of High strength concrete pavement slab by applying number of axle load parameters given in the guideline of IRC-58 in the construction of Rigid pavement. The effect of the use of hybrid fibres, such as steel fibres and polypropylene fibres, on the behaviour of stress distribution is also studied. Shrinkage in HSC due to the incorporation of Hybrid fibres in different proportions at four Curing Temperatures is also analysed. FEA has been used to analyse the Shrinkage behaviour of High Strength Concrete Pavements with different geometry and thermal curing temperatures as (5°C, 20°C, 35°C, and 50°C). In the present research, the shrinkage analysis, Stress distribution behaviour in High Strength concrete pavement will be studied using Hybrid fibre of steel and polypropylene with a dosage of 1%, 1.5% and 0.1%, 0.2% respectively and by applying axle loadings of single, dual, tri and tandem axle as per IRC 58. Axle load is applied at the centre, edge and corner of the pavement slab and the stress distribution results are obtained. The Analytical solutions are obtained from Westergaard’s equations and software-based results are compared with the analytical solutions and there are very less dissimilarities between both the results.
Particle Swarm Optimization for Short-Term Scheduling of Thermal-Hydro-Solar Power Generation Systems
Authors: Kumar Kaushal Rajanish , Kaur Harpreet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thermal-hydro-solar scheduling is the most difficult power system optimization issue in the modern day. The core mean of the arrangement of thermal-hydro-solar is to decide the most favorable power from thermal, hydro, and solar sources while meeting the various constraints of thermal, hydro, solar, and network. This paper describes the optimum hourly generation schedule plan in a thermal-hydro-solar power network utilizing particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach to attain the best or optimum solutions for scenarios involving three thermal power plants, four hydro power plants and ten solar photovoltaic (PV) plants. The conclusion of the simulation shows that the suggested PSO method seems to be able to minimize fuel costs, and emissions and has improved outcomes performance and strong integration than other approaches.
Analytical Study on the Effect of Steel Fiber in the Deflection of Pre-Stressed Concrete Beams
Authors: Parikshit N H , Garg P , Bharti G , Tripathi A , Shukla B K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is being widely used as the structural material owing to its superior engineering properties. From the past, it was understood that Fiber Reinforced Concrete had been proved to be well performing over the time under different practical situations. Fibers enhance the mechanical properties of concrete and in turn change the structbehaviouravior. It is observed that high strength fibers are available such as steel fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, glass fibers etc. Large number of literatures are available to study the influence of these fibers on the flexural behavior of conventional concrete. Application of finite element analysis (FEA) in the behaviour of structural members is gaining momentum. The results from Finite Element Analysis need to be validated with the IS code provisions. In the present research work, an attempt was made to understand the effect of fiber in the deflection of Prestressed concrete beams both through Finite Element Analysis and Indian and American Codes.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Gd1.99Ce0.01O3 Phosphors
Authors: Narang Monika , Priya Ruby , Tiwari Ankita , Kaur Amanjot , Singh Kulwinder , Pandey O P 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present research aims to study the structural, morphological and bandgap studies of 1mol% Ce doped Gd2O3 samples. Gd1.99Ce0.01O3 sample was synthesized via hydrothermal method. The crystallinity, phase and crystallite size are determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the development of pure crystalline phase Gd2O3 sample. The morphology of the synthesized sample is examined using Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrographs and elemental composition by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) spectra. FESEM results confirmed the formation of rod shape of the synthesized samples. The bandgap studies are done using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The synthesized samples are the potential candidates for various biomedical, and optoelectronic applications.
A systematic study on synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles by various routes
Authors: Pundir Sachin , Priya Ruby , Singh Kulwinder , Kaur Harmanpreet , Choudhary Prashant 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO2), also known as, ceria, is a well-known n-type semiconductor material. It finds potential roles in various field applications such as catalysis, sensing and antibacterial. It is widely used as a photocatalyst for treatment of waste water pollutants, because of the variable oxidation state of cerium i.e. +3, and +4. Many reports are available in literature which deals with the synthesis and properties of CeO2. The properties of CeO2 are highly dependent on the synthesis conditions such as precursors, additives, calcination temperature and type of synthesis route. In this review article, synthesis of CeO2 by various chemical routes are discussed in detail.
Predict Acute Phytotoxicity in Petroleum Contaminated Soil using Artificial Neural Network and Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Sharma Dheeraj , Sharma Puneet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pollutants in the environment, particularly those derived from total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), affect soils chemically, biologically, and physically in an extremely complicated manner. Here, we examine this impact by modelling the acute phytotoxicity effects of TPH on soils. To achieve this goal, we have designed a predicted model using artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN algorithm performance depends on the hyper parameters used in it. Thus, determining the optimal hyper parameter values helps to enhance the prediction model. To achieve this goal, in this paper, we have done the hybridization of ANN and whale optimization (WO) algorithm. The whale optimization algorithm is a bio-inspired algorithm and successfully applied in different applications to determine optimal global solution. Therefore, in the proposed method, whale optimization algorithm is deployed for determine hyper parameter values of ANN. Further, MATLAB software is used for simulation purposes. The prediction model validation is done various parameters such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean square error (MSE). The result shows that the proposed method achieves lowest value of these parameters over the existing algorithms. This reflects that the proposed method is superior for predict acute phytotoxicity in petroleum contaminated soil and can be deployed for real-time applications.
Dynamic Analysis of Composite Structures with Outrigger System using Response Spectrum Method
Authors: Singh Gurkirat , Singh S.K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The modern innovative world increases the demand for tall structures with a good aesthetic look and unique design to make it different from other structures that causes irregularity in structure. It is known that, an irregular structure is more vulnerable than a regular structure and irregularity causes instability in the structures. As modern problems require modern solutions, there are modern techniques to make buildings stable and safe like shear wall, belt wall, dual systems, etc. In this study, the analysis of different shape of G+9 composite frame structure using ETABS along with outriggers and belt truss. Seismic load is considered for both static and dynamic analysis (Response Spectrum method). We also considered the parameters like Story drift, Story displacement, base shear of the different structures.
Effect of Industrial Waste and Polyester Fiber on Geotechnical Characteristics of Local Clay
Authors: Singh Preetpal , Boora Amardeep , Kumar Gupta Ashok 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Due to disposal issues, waste created by various agencies poses significant danger to the environment. The purpose of this research is to use industrial wastes to stabilize the geotechnical characteristics of clayey soil, allowing the composite to be used as a sub-grade material. To make the finest subgrade material, marble dust and used polyester fiber (PF) are combined with clay soil in varied amounts. The results of the experimental testing demonstrate that stabilizing clayey soil with various waste products improves the geotechnical features of the soil, therefore reducing the waste disposal problem and keeping a healthy environment. The California bearing ratio and unconfined compressive strength are improved when these materials are used together. The mixture formed by combining marble dust with PF can be utilized as a sub-grade material, resulting in greater cost savings.