bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal association between social support and psychological distress in chronic physical health conditions: A random intercept cross‐lagged panel model
Authors: Debnar Caroline , Peter Claudio , Morselli Davide , Michel Gisela , Bachmann Nicole , Carrard Valerie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe onset of a chronic physical health condition (CHC) can highly impact individuals' well‐being and mental health. Social support has been shown to help people rebound after the onset of a CHC. Nonetheless, little is known about the longitudinal pattern of social support and its reciprocal association with mental health in CHC. This study aimed to illustrate the longitudinal pattern of perceived social support and to examine the reciprocal association between perceived social support and psychological distress across 6 years. Two random intercept cross‐lagged panel models were conducted, one for emotional and one for practical support, using yearly assessments of 582 Swiss Household Panel's participants reporting a CHC. A reciprocal association was found, with psychological distress 1 year after the onset being linked to less emotional support in the following year and vice versa, more emotional support being linked to less psychological distress the following year. A unidirectional association was found for practical support, with more psychological distress 1 year before the CHC onset being linked to more practical support at the onset year. This study underlines the importance of involving the social environment of individuals living with a CHC, especially around the first year after the onset.
Gαq signalling from endosomes: A new conundrum
Authors: Daly Carole , Plouffe Bianca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractG‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of membrane receptors, and are involved in the transmission of a variety of extracellular stimuli such as hormones, neurotransmitters, light and odorants into intracellular responses. They regulate every aspect of physiology and, for this reason, about one third of all marketed drugs target these receptors. Classically, upon binding to their agonist, GPCRs are thought to activate G‐proteins from the plasma membrane and to stop signalling by subsequent desensitisation and endocytosis. However, accumulating evidence indicates that, upon internalisation, some GPCRs can continue to activate G‐proteins in endosomes. Importantly, this signalling from endomembranes mediates alternative cellular responses other than signalling at the plasma membrane. Endosomal G‐protein signalling and its physiological relevance have been abundantly documented for Gαs‐ and Gαi‐coupled receptors. Recently, some Gαq‐coupled receptors have been reported to activate Gαq on endosomes and mediate important cellular processes. However, several questions relative to the series of cellular events required to translate endosomal Gαq activation into cellular responses remain unanswered and constitute a new conundrum. How are these responses in endosomes mediated in the quasi absence of the substrate for the canonical Gαq‐activated effector? Is there another effector? Is there another substrate? If so, how does this alternative endosomal effector or substrate produce a downstream signal? This review aims to unravel and discuss these important questions, and proposes possible routes of investigation.
Phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer: Current progress and future prospects
Authors: Casarcia Nicolette , Rogers Patrick , Guld Emma , Iyer Samvit , Li Yutong , Burcher Jack T. , DeLiberto Lindsay K. , Banerjee Sabyasachi , Bishayee Anupam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer‐related deaths in the United States, owing to its aggressive nature and suboptimal treatment options, emphasizing the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Emerging studies have exhibited promising results regarding the therapeutic utility of plant‐derived compounds (phytochemicals) in pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the potential of phytochemicals in the treatment and prevention of pancreatic cancer. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses was applied to collect articles for this review. Scholarly databases, including PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect, were queried for relevant studies using the following keywords: phytochemicals, phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, sulfur‐containing compounds, in vitro, in vivo, clinical studies, pancreatic cancer, tumour, treatment and prevention. Aggregate results pooled from qualified studies indicate phytochemicals can inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth or decrease tumour size and volume in animal models. These effects have been attributed to various mechanisms, such as increasing proapoptotic factors, decreasing antiapoptotic factors, or inducing cell death and cell cycle arrest. Notable signalling pathways modulated by phytochemicals include the rat sarcoma/mitogen activated protein kinase, wingless‐related integration site/β‐catenin and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signal transduction pathways. Clinically, phytochemicals have been found to increase survival while being well‐tolerated and safe, though research is scarce. While these promising results have produced great interest in this field, further in‐depth studies are required to characterize the anticancer activities of phytochemicals before they can be utilized to prevent or treat pancreatic cancer in clinical practice.
The impact of uncertainty in hERG binding mechanism on in silico predictions of drug‐induced proarrhythmic risk
Authors: Lei Chon Lok , Whittaker Dominic G. , Mirams Gary R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeDrug‐induced reduction of the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current carried by the human Ether‐à‐go‐go‐Related Gene (hERG) channel is associated with increased risk of arrhythmias. Recent updates to drug safety regulatory guidelines attempt to capture each drug's hERG binding mechanism by combining in vitro assays with in silico simulations. In this study, we investigate the impact on in silico proarrhythmic risk predictions due to uncertainty in the hERG binding mechanism and physiological hERG current model.Experimental ApproachPossible pharmacological binding models were designed for the hERG channel to account for known and postulated small molecule binding mechanisms. After selecting a subset of plausible binding models for each compound through calibration to available voltage‐clamp electrophysiology data, we assessed their effects, and the effects of different physiological models, on proarrhythmic risk predictions.Key ResultsFor some compounds, multiple binding mechanisms can explain the same data produced under the safety testing guidelines, which results in different inferred binding rates. This can result in substantial uncertainty in the predicted torsade risk, which often spans more than one risk category. By comparison, we found that the effect of a different hERG physiological current model on risk classification was subtle.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe approach developed in this study assesses the impact of uncertainty in hERG binding mechanisms on predictions of drug‐induced proarrhythmic risk. For some compounds, these results imply the need for additional binding data to decrease uncertainty in safety‐critical applications.
Genetic inference of orchid colonization of a Costa Rican lava flow
Authors: Trapnell Dorset W. , Hamrick J. L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe dispersal and colonization of plant populations allow species to occupy novel habitats, migrate, and undergo range shifts in response to changing environmental factors and, as such, are fundamental ecological processes for ensuring the long‐term persistence of species. Natural landscape disturbance often generates habitats available for colonization. Patterns of colonization and population expansion can be inferred from the levels and partitioning of genetic variation of plant populations with known disturbance histories, such as recent volcanic eruptions. We sampled and mapped 496 individuals from two populations of the colonizing terrestrial orchid, Sobralia chrysostoma, on the 1992 lava flow of Volcán Arenal in central Costa Rica. We used neutral co‐dominant markers to genotype individuals and estimate population genetic statistics. Both populations had high mean levels of genetic diversity (P = 100%; AP = 3.31; He = 0.259) suggesting that the lava flow was colonized by numerous individuals that likely originated from multiple source populations. However, significant spatial genetic structure (SGS) was only present in one population at the smallest distance class (≤2 m) and was low (r = 0.032). That these large and genetically diverse populations had such low SGS and an absence of SGS, respectively is contrary to expectations and differs significantly from the pattern in Epidendrum radicans (Orchidaceae), with which S. chrysostoma is growing sympatrically. Our results suggest that these two populations either consist primarily of immigrant individuals or that seeds produced in situ dispersed over longer distances, thereby producing larger seed shadows and greater overlap of seed shadows.
The Common Framework and its Discontents
Authors: Setser Brad W. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThe Common Framework is the internationally agreed process for coordinating the restructuring of the debt of low‐income countries. To date, this process, which was established by the G20 in late 2020 during the COVID‐19 pandemic, has failed to provide an efficient path toward agreement with new bilateral creditors (such as China), market creditors and the traditional bilateral creditors. An analysis of the key country cases demonstrates how tensions between different creditors have complicated the application of the Common Framework and delayed agreement on new financial terms. The Common Framework was built on a case‐by‐case judgement of the scale of debt relief needed. It has become a case‐by‐case negotiation on the format for carrying out a restructuring, as well as the terms of the restructuring. China's participation in official creditor committees, the clear innovation in the Common Framework, has proved to be a source of delay rather than a mechanism for creating consensus. Almost three years after the initial agreement on the Common Framework, there still is no model for an internationally coordinated restructuring that both delivers significant debt relief and includes the Chinese policy banks.
Studying zebrafish nervous system structure and function in health and disease with electron microscopy
Authors: Markert Sebastian M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractZebrafish (Danio rerio) is a well‐established model for studying the nervous system. Findings in zebrafish often inform studies on human diseases of the nervous system and provide crucial insight into disease mechanisms. The functions of the nervous system often rely on communication between neurons. Signal transduction is achieved via release of signaling molecules in the form of neuropeptides or neurotransmitters at synapses. Snapshots of membrane dynamics of these processes are imaged by electron microscopy. Electron microscopy can reveal ultrastructure and thus synaptic processes. This is crucial both for mapping synaptic connections and for investigating synaptic functions. In addition, via volumetric electron microscopy, the overall architecture of the nervous system becomes accessible, where structure can inform function. Electron microscopy is thus of particular value for studying the nervous system. However, today a plethora of electron microscopy techniques and protocols exist. Which technique is most suitable highly depends on the research question and scope as well as on the type of tissue that is examined. This review gives an overview of the electron microcopy techniques used on the zebrafish nervous system. It aims to give researchers a guide on which techniques are suitable for their specific questions and capabilities as well as an overview of the capabilities of electron microscopy in neurobiological research in the zebrafish model.
Preocupaciones sobre la atención sanitaria en progenitores de niños con diferentes encefalopatías epilépticas genéticas del desarrollo: Un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Palacios‐Ceña Domingo , Güeita‐Rodríguez Javier , Gil‐Nagel Antonio , Jimenez‐Antona Carmen , García‐Bravo Cristina , Velarde‐García Juan Francisco , Cuenca‐Zaldivar Juan Nicolas , Aledo‐Serrano Ángel 
Published: September 2023

ResumenObjetivoDescribir las experiencias y las necesidades de atención médica de un grupo de progenitores de niños con encefalopatías epilépticas y del desarrollo (EED) causadas por las variantes SCN1A, KCNQ2, CDKL5, PCDH19 y GNAO1.MétodoSe realizó un estudio cualitativo descriptivo. Los participantes fueron reclutados mediante un muestreo intencional. Los criterios de inclusión consistieron en progenitores de niños con EED causadas por las variantes SCN1A, KCNQ2, CDKL5, PCDH19 o GNAO1, con edades comprendidas entre los 4 y los 10 años. En total, se incluyeron 21 progenitores. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante entrevistas en profundidad y notas de campo del investigador. Se realizó un análisis temático.ResultadosSe identificaron tres temas principales: (1) Manejando los síntomas, las crisis epilépticas se viven con gran incertidumbre, y se acompañan de síntomas cognitivos, conductuales y motores que limitan la vida del niño; b) Aceptando el tratamiento, la pauta de la medicación idónea es un reto, la decisión de retirar o comenzar una nueva terapia recae en los progenitores; y c) Relación terapéutica y atención médica, existen comportamientos y acciones del profesional que facilitan o dificultan la relación terapéutica con los progenitores. Acudir al servicio de urgencias es vivido con recelo por los progenitores.InterpretaciónLos profesionales de los servicios de urgencias deben conocer mejor las EED, acoger a los progenitores y mejorar el tratamiento de los niños. Los resultados de este estudio pueden servir como punto de partida para una hoja de ruta de los resultados relevantes reportados por los cuidadores de las EED, a implementar nuevos ensayos clínicos y terapias dirigidas a la etiología.Qué añade este documento

Las crisis epilépticas son el síntomas más experimentado y temido por los progenitores en las EED.
La pauta de la medicación no tiene un protocolo definido y la decisión de retirar una medicación recae en las manos de los progenitores.
Prevalence of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism in 12‐year‐old children: A population‐based cohort
Authors: Fast Karin , Wentz Elisabet , Roswall Josefine , Strandberg Maxwell , Bergman Stefan , Dahlgren Jovanna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the prevalence of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a population‐based birth cohort and correlate the findings with prenatal and perinatal factors. We hypothesized that children born preterm, having experienced preeclampsia or maternal overweight, would have an increased risk of ADHD or ASD.MethodA Swedish cohort of 2666 children (1350 males, 1316 females) has been followed from birth with parental and perinatal data. The National Board of Health and Welfare's registries were used to collect data regarding perinatal status and assigned diagnoses at the age of 12 years.ResultsThe prevalence of ADHD and ASD was 7.6% and 1.1% respectively. Maternal obesity early in pregnancy resulted in a three‐fold increased risk of ADHD in the child. Similarly, paternal obesity resulted in a two‐fold increased risk. The association was significant also when adjusted for sex, preterm birth, smoking, and lower educational level. The prevalence of ASD was too low for statistically relevant risk factor analyses.InterpretationOur results corroborate earlier findings regarding prevalence and sex ratio for both ADHD and ASD. Maternal body mass index and preterm birth were correlated with an ADHD diagnosis at the age of 12 years.
Did pandemic unemployment benefits increase unemployment? Evidence from early state‐level expirations
Authors: Holzer Harry J. , Hubbard Glenn , Strain Michael R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuring the 2021 pandemic year, the generosity of Unemployment Insurance benefits was expanded (Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation [FPUC]) and eligibility for benefits was broadened (Pandemic Unemployment Assistance [PUA]). These two programs were set to expire in September 2021. In June 2021, 18 states exited both FPUC and PUA and three states exited FPUC (but not PUA). Using Current Population Survey data and a wide range of estimation methods, we find that the flow of unemployed workers into employment increased by around two‐thirds following early exit among prime‐age workers. We also find evidence of reductions in state‐level unemployment rates, increases in employment‐populations ratios, and reductions in the share of households that had no difficulty meeting expenses.
The brain‐derived neurotrophic factor Val66met polymorphism is associated with better attention and working memory performance and resilience to mild chronic stress
Authors: Corrone Michelle , Nanev Aleshia , Amato Isabella , Bicknell Rowena , Piantella Stefan , Maruff Paul , van den Buuse Maarten , Wright Bradley J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe val66met polymorphism of the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene has been identified as a potential moderator for the relationship between chronic stress and executive functioning. However, whether the presence of the met allele increases cognitive vulnerability or resilience to stress has yet to be determined. Given the established effects of autonomic activity and psychological arousal on executive functioning, in the present study, 56 healthy university students completed self‐report measures of chronic stress, positive arousal (vigour) and negative arousal (anxiety) and measured heart‐rate variability to quantify autonomic activity. Participants then completed a cognitive test battery that measured attention, decision‐making, visual learning and working memory. Regression analyses demonstrated that Val/met participants performed better on attention and working memory tasks than Val/val participants, but no differences were seen in decision‐making and visual learning. Further, Val/met participants were protected from stress‐related differences in attention seen in Val/val participants. Val66met was not associated with physiological or psychological arousal. This study demonstrates that val66met plays an important but selective role in cognitive performance.
Editorial: The solidarity imperative and changes atEthos
Authors: Downey Greg 
Published: September 2023

AbstractJournals are the product of intellectual communities; a publication's health mirrors the field it represents. Current developments in the human sciences, especially the replication crisis and growing awareness of problems with cross‐cultural generalization, create opportunities for psychological anthropologists to speak to a broader audience within academia. However, to take advantage of these opportunities, we must write with this potential audience in mind, an academic public that does not share the same theoretical vocabulary, epistemological standards, or methodological principles. Academic publishing has been struggling with the burdens imposed by the pandemic and scandals around misuse of power brought to light in the last few years. At the same time, new models for performance management only increase the pressure falling on editorial staff. This editorial reflects on the necessity of solidarity, innovation, and community investment in a journal to maintain viability in the new publishing landscape.
GBNN algorithm enhanced by movement planner for UV‐C disinfection
Authors: Rodrigo D. V. , Sierra‐García J. E. , Santos M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn order to maintain adequate levels of cleanliness and sanitation in public facilities, prevent the buildup of viruses and other harmful pathogens, and ensure health and safety, health and labor authorities have repeatedly warned of the need to adhere to proper disinfection protocols in the workplace. This is particularly important in public places where food is handled, where there are more vulnerable people, including hospitals and health care centers, or where there is a large concentration of people. One promising approach is the combination of ultraviolet‐C (UV‐C) light and mobile robots to automate disinfection processes. Being this technology effective for disinfection, an excessive dose of UV can damage the materials, limiting its applicability. Therefore, a major challenge for automatic disinfection is to find a route that covers the entire surface, ensures cleanliness, and provides the correct radiation dose while preventing environmental materials from being damaged. To achieve this, in this paper a novel intelligent control approach is proposed. A bio‐inspired Glasius neural network with a motion planner, an UV estimation module, a speed regulator, and pure pursuit controller are combined into one intelligent system. The motion planner proposes a sequence of movements to go through the space in the most efficient way possible, avoiding obstacles of the environment. The speed controller adjusts the dose of UV‐C radiation and the pure pursuit regulator ensures the following of the path. This approach has been tested in various simulation scenarios of increasing complexity and in four different areas of dosing requirements. In simulation, a 44% reduction of the maximum dose is achieved, 17% less distance travelled by the robot and, what is more important, 229% more locations with the appropriate dose.
Motivations and challenges for grandparent–grandchild outdoor play in early childhood: Perception of Canadian grandparents
Authors: Duflos Mathilde , Lane Juliana , Brussoni Mariana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated grandparents' motivations and challenges for grandparent–grandchild outdoor play with their 3‐ to 5‐year‐old grandchildren.BackgroundOutdoor play benefits children's and older persons' mental and physical health. Thus, intergenerational outdoor play could benefit both grandparents and their younger grandchildren.MethodSemistructured interviews were conducted with 14 grandparents (seven grandmothers and seven grandfathers) from British Columbia, Canada, who lived in the same province as their grandchildren and who were fluent in English. Grandparents were recruited using a convenience, purposive sampling method with social media advertisements, posters in community centers, and word of mouth.ResultsUsing a thematic analysis, we identified six themes: (a) improving grandparents' and grandchildren's health, (b) supporting children's needs, (c) feeling positive emotions, (d) supporting family closeness, (e) aspiring to go outdoors together, and, (f) maintaining the relationship despite the COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionOur study emphasizes the importance of outdoor play for grandparents, especially as they develop their relationship with their young grandchildren. Outdoor play provides a unique opportunity for a health‐boosting activity that also strengthens the relationship and family bonds, and supports grandchildren's developmental needs.ImplicationsOur research can contribute to promoting outdoor play across the life span, and more specifically the benefits of outdoor play during early childhood and older adulthood.