bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders diagnosis with a classifier based on the intracerebellar gradient of volumetric undersizing
Authors: Fraize Justine , Fischer Clara , Elmaleh‐Bergès Monique , Kerdreux Eliot , Beggiato Anita , Ntorkou Alexandra , Duchesnay Edouard , Bekha Dhaif , Boespflug‐Tanguy Odile , Delorme Richard , Hertz‐Pannier Lucie , Germanaud David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), brain growth deficiency is a hallmark of subjects both with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and with non‐syndromic FASD (NS‐FASD, i.e., those without specific diagnostic features). However, although the cerebellum was suggested to be more severely undersized than the rest of the brain, it has not yet been given a specific place in the FASD diagnostic criteria where neuroanatomical features still count for little if anything in diagnostic specificity. We applied a combination of cerebellar segmentation tools on a 1.5 T 3DT1 brain MRI dataset from a monocentric population of 89 FASD (52 FAS, 37 NS‐FASD) and 126 typically developing controls (6–20 years old), providing 8 volumes: cerebellum, vermis and 3 lobes (anterior, posterior, inferior), plus total brain volume. After adjustment of confounders, the allometric scaling relationship between these cerebellar volumes (Vi) and the total brain or cerebellum volume (Vt) was fitted (Vi = bVta), and the effect of group (FAS, control) on allometric scaling was evaluated. We then estimated for each cerebellar volume in the FAS population the deviation from the typical scaling (vDTS) learned in the controls. Lastly, we trained and tested two classifiers to discriminate FAS from controls, one based on the total cerebellum vDTS only, the other based on all the cerebellar vDTS, comparing their performance both in the FAS and the NS‐FASD group. Allometric scaling was significantly different between FAS and control group for all the cerebellar volumes (p < .001). We confirmed the excess of total cerebellum volume deficit (vDTS = −10.6%) and revealed an antero‐inferior‐posterior gradient of volumetric undersizing in the hemispheres (−12.4%, 1.1%, 2.0%, respectively) and the vermis (−16.7%, −9.2%, −8.6%, repectively). The classifier based on the intracerebellar gradient of vDTS performed more efficiently than the one based on total cerebellum vDTS only (AUC = 92% vs. 82%, p = .001). Setting a high probability threshold for >95% specificity of the classifiers, the gradient‐based classifier identified 35% of the NS‐FASD to have a FAS cerebellar phenotype, compared to 11% with the cerebellum‐only classifier (pFISHER = 0.027). In a large series of FASD, this study details the volumetric undersizing within the cerebellum at the lobar and vermian level using allometric scaling, revealing an anterior‐inferior‐posterior gradient of vulnerability to prenatal alcohol exposure. It also strongly suggests that this intracerebellar gradient of volumetric undersizing may be a reliable neuroanatomical signature of FAS that could be used to improve the specificity of the diagnosis of NS‐FASD.
The heterogeneous impact of stricter criteria for disability insurance
Authors: Kantarcı Tunga , van Sonsbeek Jan‐Maarten , Zhang Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Netherlands reformed its disability insurance (DI) scheme in 2006. Eligibility for DI became stricter, reintegration incentives became stronger, and DI benefits often became less generous. Based on administrative data on all individuals who reported sick shortly before and after the reform, difference‐in‐differences regressions show that the reform reduced DI receipt by 5.2 percentage points and increased labor participation and unemployment insurance (UI) receipt by 1.2 and 1.1 percentage points, respectively. It increased average monthly earnings and UI claims to overcompensate lost DI benefits. However, older individuals, women, individuals with temporary contracts, the unemployed, and low‐wage earners did not compensate or compensated to a much smaller extent for the lost DI benefits. The effects are persistent during the 10 years after the reform.
The formative evaluation and pre‐testing of a SunSmart policy implementation support toolkit targeting sun safe hat‐wearing in NSW primary schools
Authors: Russo Rachel , King Elizabeth , Elliott Naomi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedStrategies that support the implementation of the SunSmart program in primary schools are essential to optimising policy uptake. Evidence outlining the type of support required, however, is lacking. This project explored the usefulness of an implementation support approach to sun safe hat‐wearing in schools.MethodsFormative research was undertaken with 16 primary schools in Greater Western Sydney to explore current sun protection behaviours and practices, perceived barriers and motivators of sun safe hat‐wearing, and resource needs. Based on these insights, a resource toolkit was developed and tested in 14 demonstration sites. Follow‐up interviews evaluated the usefulness of the toolkit and implementation support approach.ResultsSun safe hat‐wearing practices varied among schools. Commonly reported motivators included school policies, role modelling, incentives and knowledge. Commonly reported barriers included negative social norms, forgetfulness, cost and lack of understanding. Formative insights informed the development of the ‘Motivation, Access, Triggers’ Model and a 23‐resource toolkit. Following toolkit rollout, champions reported that the ability to select resources according to local needs was useful, and most found that the toolkit supported their school with sun safe hat‐wearing.ConclusionsA toolkit with local champions and leadership buy‐in has the potential to improve policy implementation. The opportunity to prioritise resource selection enables schools to address their specific needs in line with their sun protection policy.So What?The provision of policy implementation support can help schools overcome the challenges of transforming a written SunSmart policy into practice.
Towards a green hospital approach in Oman: A case study of quantifying an environmental impact
Authors: Al Fannah Jehan , Al Sabahi Sultana , Al Harthi Hasina , Al Bahrani Maher , Al Salmi Qasem 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe environmental impact of hospitals and healthcare providers practices is substantial, although often unnoticed and infrequently tracked. A green and healthy hospital is one that promotes public health by continuously monitoring and reducing its environmental impact.MethodsWe adopted a descriptive case study design with a multi‐dimensional evaluation and monitoring of carbon emission equivalence (CO2e) using two examples from a tertiary care hospital practice in Oman. One example (1) was related to inhalation anaesthetic gases (IAG) consumption and the second example (2) was related to estimation of telemedicine clinics (TMCs) CO2e travel‐related savings.ResultsThe cumulative consumption of three different (1) IAG over three years (2019, 2020, 2021) was generated with estimated CO2e for each year for sevoflurane, isoflurane and desflurane. Desflurane had the lowest consumption with a yearly cumulative consumption of 6000 mL, 1500 mL, and 3000 mL for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021. The (2) TMCs during the first two years of the COVID‐19 pandemic travel related CO2e savings were in the range of 12.65–3483.1 tonnes. In the second year of launching this service it doubled to a range of 24–6610.5 tonnes of CO2e savings.ConclusionA green and healthy hospital approach of tracking and monitoring environmental impact of healthcare providers practices is critical for health planning and management of the environmental policy. This case study illustrated the importance of closely tracking hospital‐based practices from an environmental perspective towards a green hospital approach.
The role of ethical leadership and social networks in the promotion of workplace happiness and quality of care: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gonçalves Tiago , Curado Carla 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examines the sequential effects of perceived ethical leaders and the strength of social networks among healthcare professionals on the perceived workplace happiness of healthcare professionals and its impacts on the quality of provided care. We conduct a partial least squares (PLS) analysis to estimate the relationship between the variables. Data comes from a survey conducted to 321 healthcare professionals with primary/direct contact with patients working at Portuguese hospitals. We use previously validated scales in the literature for measuring the variables; ethical leadership, social network in the context of the workplace; satisfaction, engagement, and commitment as proxies of workplace happiness, and, quality of care provided to patients (the outcome of the research model). Results show that ethical leadership positively influences social networks, workplace happiness, and quality of provided care. Social networks also have a positive relationship with workplace happiness and quality of provided care. Additionally, the workplace happiness of healthcare professionals positively influences the quality of provided care to patients. Our work addresses a diverse research gap regarding hospitals' ethical and social environment and hospital performance. Specifically, the empirical operationalisation of ethical leadership fights a literature gap in healthcare management. Moreover, we report evidence on the influence of antecedents, but also the performance consequences, of workplace happiness in healthcare environments. Our findings contribute to the literature while providing managerial implications for healthcare settings.
Considering the risk of a coloring shampoo with the function of gray hair cover cosmetology and skin barrier: A systematic review
Authors: Lee Jooyoung , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAs the number of demanders who want to easily cover gray hair increases, the demand market is rapidly expanding along with the demand for coloring shampoos that can be dyed while shampooing. Among these coloring shampoo ingredients, it is necessary to differentiate products that are safe and harmless to the human body in consideration of hair loss or skin barrier problems caused by trihydroxybenzene (THB) ingredients. The correct selection criteria were presented by examining the problems, effectiveness, and side effects when used in relation to the skin barrier through previous studies by consideration of the ingredients of the coloring shampoo and the skin barrier of the scalp.MethodsThe analysis of this study looked at previous studies through a systematic literature review through related keywords for coloring shampoo. After reviewing 150–200 related prior papers, a total of 39 review papers were finally selected using the PRISMA flow diagram.ResultsIt was confirmed through a literature review that the coloring shampoo containing THB, which is harmful to the human body, has a detrimental effect on the scalp‐skin barrier.ConclusionThis study examined the harmfulness of coloring shampoo on the scalp skin barrier. It was confirmed that frequent coloring shampoo procedures can have various harmful effects on the scalp. Therefore, it is important to reduce side effects caused by the use of harmful ingredients and maintain a healthy scalp condition through analysis of sufficient scalp conditions and consultation with experts. In addition, various studies on the standard standards and age for harmful ingredients are suggested.
The dawn of repurposing vitamins as potential novel antimicrobial agents: A call for global emergency response amidst AMR crisis
Authors: Max Baraka L. , Angolile Cornel M. , Raymond Vicky G. , Mashauri Harold L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmidst, the global pandemic of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the rate at which AMR increases overwhelms the increased efforts to discover new effective antimicrobials. There is a persistent need for alternative treatment modalities so as to keep up with the pace. AMR is the leading cause of death in the world and its health and economic consequences suggest the urgent need for sustainable interventions. Vitamins have consistently proven to have antimicrobial activity as well as slowing down the AMR rate by influencing the AMR genes even towards extensive multidrug resistant strains. Evidences suggest that the use of some vitamins on their own or in combination with existing antimicrobial agents could be a breakthrough towards combating AMR. This will widen the antimicrobial agents' options in the treatment arena, preserve the antimicrobial agents susceptible to develop resistant so that they can be used in severe infections only, reduce the tension and burden of the AMR crisis significantly and give enough room for development of new antimicrobial agents. Moreover, almost all viral, fungal, parasitic and bacterial resistant strains of concern as listed by World Health Organization have been found to be sensitive to several vitamins either synergistically with other antimicrobials or independently. Considering their widened spectrum of immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effect, some vitamins can further be repositioned as prophylactic antimicrobial agents in clinical situations like in presurgeries prophylaxis so as to avoid unnecessary use of antimicrobials especially antibiotics. Various relevant AMR stakeholders should invest in clinical trials and systematic reviews with available data to enable quick repositioning of some potential vitamins as antimicrobial agents as an emergency rapid response towards AMR Crisis. This includes the preparation of guidelines containing specificity of which vitamin to be used for treatment of which type of infection.
Exploratory study of best friendship dissolution characteristics and psychological difficulties during early adolescence
Authors: Bowker Julie C. , White Hope I. , Weingarten Jenna P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFew studies have evaluated best friendship dissolutions and especially the circumstances surrounding the dissolutions. In this exploratory study of young adolescents (N = 273, Mage = 11.83 years; 51% boys), we investigate young adolescents' experiences with two types of best friendship dissolution (complete dissolutions, downgrade dissolutions) and two characteristics of such experiences: initiation status (self‐ versus friend‐initiation) and emotional reactions (degree of happiness, anger, sadness, and embarrassment). We also consider whether these characteristics of best friendship dissolutions are related to psychological difficulties (loneliness, depressive symptoms). Results indicated that most young adolescents perceive their friends initiated their recent complete and downgrade dissolutions. When young adolescents did initiate their complete dissolutions, however, they reported less negative (anger) and more positive (happiness) emotional responses. Initiation status was not related to psychological difficulties, but variability in several types of emotional responses (e.g., embarrassment) was related to variability in loneliness and depressive symptoms. Findings underscore the importance of considering not only the type of dissolution, but also the circumstances surrounding dissolutions, during early adolescence.
Biomimetic catheter surface with dual action NO‐releasing and generating properties for enhanced antimicrobial efficacy
Authors: Sapkota Aasma , Mondal Arnab , Chug Manjyot Kaur , Brisbois Elizabeth J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInfection of indwelling catheters is a common healthcare problem, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. The vulnerable population reliant on catheters post‐surgery for food and fluid intake, blood transfusion, or urinary incontinence or retention is susceptible to hospital‐acquired infection originating from the very catheter. Bacterial adhesion on catheters can take place during the insertion or over time when catheters are used for an extended period. Nitric oxide‐releasing materials have shown promise in exhibiting antibacterial properties without the risk of antibacterial resistance which can be an issue with conventional antibiotics. In this study, 1, 5, and 10 wt % selenium (Se) and 10 wt % S‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO)‐incorporated catheters were prepared through a layer‐by‐layer dip‐coating method to demonstrate NO‐releasing and NO‐generating capability of the catheters. The presence of Se on the catheter interface resulted in a 5 times higher NO flux in 10% Se‐GSNO catheter through catalytic NO generation. A physiological level of NO release was observed from 10% Se‐GSNO catheters for 5 d, along with an enhanced NO generation via the catalytic activity as Se was able to increase NO availability. The catheters were also found to be compatible and stable when subjected to sterilization and storage, even at room temperature. Additionally, the catheters showed a 97.02% and 93.24% reduction in the adhesion of clinically relevant strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Cytocompatibility testing of the catheter with 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells supports the material's biocompatibility. These findings from the study establish the proposed catheter as a prospective antibacterial material that can be translated into a clinical setting to combat catheter‐related infections.
Psychotherapy alone versus collaborative psychotherapy and psychiatric care in the treatment of depression and anxiety in patients with cancer: A naturalistic, observational study
Authors: Spitz Nathen A. , Kivlighan D. Martin , Aburizik Arwa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveAt present, there is a paucity of naturalistic studies directly comparing the effectiveness of psychotherapy alone versus collaborative psychotherapy and psychiatric care in the management of depression and anxiety in patients with cancer. This study tested the hypothesis that collaborative psychiatric and psychological care would lead to greater reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with cancer compared with psychotherapy alone.MethodsWe analyzed treatment outcomes of 433 adult patients with cancer, of which 252 patients received psychotherapy alone and 181 patients received collaborative psychotherapy and psychiatric care. Longitudinal changes in depressive (i.e., PHQ‐9) and anxiety symptoms (GAD‐7) were examined between groups using latent growth curve modeling.ResultsAfter controlling for treatment length and psychotherapy provider effects, results indicated collaborative care was more effective than psychotherapy alone for depressive symptoms (γ12 = −0.13, p = 0.037). The simple slope for collaborative care was −0.25 (p = 0.022) and the simple slope for psychotherapy alone was −0.13 (p = 0.006), suggesting collaborative care resulted in greater reductions in depressive symptoms compared with psychotherapy alone. In contrast, there were no significant differences between psychotherapy alone and collaborative psychotherapy and psychiatric care in reducing anxiety symptoms (γ12 = −0.08, p = 0.158).ConclusionsCollaborative psychotherapy and psychiatric care may individually address unique aspects of mental health conditions in patients with cancer, namely depressive symptoms. Mental healthcare efforts may benefit from implementing collaborative care models where patients receive psychiatric services and psychotherapy to effectively address depressive symptoms in the treatment of this patient population.
Using session recordings to understand the content of community‐based treatment for childhood anxiety disorders and response to technology‐based training
Authors: Whiteside Stephen P. H. , Sawchuk Nicholas R. , Brennan Elle , Lebow Jocelyn R. , Sawchuk Craig N. , Biggs Bridget K. , Dammann Julie E. , Tiede Michael S. , Hofschulte Deanna R. , Reneson‐Feeder Stephanie , Cunningham Megan , Allison M. LeMahieu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of the current study is to advance efforts to increase the quality of care for childhood anxiety disorder (CADs) through (1) detailing the content of community‐based treatment sessions, (2) exploring the validity of therapist surveys, (3) examining the influence of setting differences, and (4) testing the effects of a technology‐based training on use of nonexposure strategies.MethodsThirteen therapists were randomly assigned to technology‐based training in the use of exposure therapy or treatment as usual (TAU) for CADs. Therapeutic techniques were coded from 125 community‐based treatment sessions.ResultsConsistent with survey responses community therapists spent the majority of session time reviewing symptoms (34% of session time), implementing nonexposure cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT; 36%), and rarely engaged in exposure (3%). An integrated behavioral health setting was associated with greater endorsement of exposure on survey, p < 0.05, although this difference was not significant in session recordings, p = 0.14. Multilevel models indicated that technology‐based training that has been shown to increase exposure, also decreased use of nonexposure CBT techniques (2% vs. 29%, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe study supports the validity of survey‐based findings that community‐based care for CADs consists of non‐exposure CBT techniques. Efforts should be invested in dissemination of within‐session exposure.
Sociopolitical stressors are associated with psychological distress in a cohort of Latina women during early pregnancy
Authors: Wiley Kyle S. , Knorr Delaney A. , Chua Kristine J. , Garcia Samantha , Fox Molly M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResearch suggests that the 2016 US election was a potential stressor among Latinos residing in the United States. Sociopolitical stressors targeted toward ethnic minority communities and become embodied through psychosocial distress. The current study investigates if and how sociopolitical stressors related to the 45th President, Donald Trump, and his administration are associated with psychological distress in early pregnancy of Latina women living in Southern California during the second half of his term. This cross‐sectional analysis uses data from the Mothers' Cultural Experiences study (n = 90) collected from December 2018 to March 2020. Psychological distress was assessed in three domains: depression, state anxiety, and pregnancy‐related anxiety. Sociopolitical stressors were measured through questionnaires about sociopolitical feelings and concerns. Multiple linear regression models examined the relationship between sociopolitical stressors and mental health scores, adjusting for multiple testing. Negative feelings and a greater number of sociopolitical concerns were associated with elevated pregnancy‐related anxiety and depressive symptoms. The most frequently endorsed concern was about issues of racism (72.3%) and women's rights (62.4%); women endorsing these particular concerns also had higher scores on depression and pregnancy‐related anxiety. No significant associations were detected with state anxiety after correction for multiple testing. This analysis is cross‐sectional and cannot assess causality in the associations between sociopolitical stressors and distress. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the 2016 election, the subsequent political environment, and the anti‐immigrant rhetoric and policies of former President Trump and his administration were sources of stress for Latinos residing in the United States.