bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanically Strong Active‐Site‐Enriched Polymer Composite Solid Electrolytes toward Superior Room‐Temperature Performance in Lithium Batteries
Authors: Qi Jiaxiao , Wang Yongjing , Tang Haixiong , Zhao Jiayu , Hong Yu , Li Qiong , Jiang Ming , Dong Lijie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) are promising for lithium batteries with higher safety, cycling stability, and energy density. Among the various SSEs, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are a highly preferred choice due to their high thermal stability, thin design, and good formability. However, polymer electrolytes have low ionic conductivity, for example, polyethylene oxide (PEO), one of the most dominant polyelectrolyte materials, has a low ionic conductivity at room temperature due to its high crystallinity. Theoretically, increasing the ionic active sites by decreasing its crystallinity is an effective strategy, but this may lead to its inability to form films or poor mechanical strength. In this work, the crystallinity of PEO is reduced by introducing succinonitrile (SN), and solution blow‐spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber film is employed as the skeleton of the SPE to provide good mechanical strength. PEO‐LiTFSI‐SN/PAN SPEs have a tensile strength of at least 4.5 MPa. To provide more Li+ active sites, PEO‐LiTFSI‐SN/MXene@PAN composite SPEs are fabricated by doping the PAN fibers with MXene rich in functional groups. The specific capacity of the LFP|PEO‐LiTFSI‐SN/MXene@PAN|Li button cell reaches 134.8 mAh g−1 in the first cycle, and the capacity retention rate of 100 cycles is 75.8% at 0.5 C at room temperature.
Impurity Band Formation as a Route to Thermoelectric Power Factor Enhancement in n‐type XNiSn Half‐Heuslers
Authors: Quinn Robert J. , Go Yuji , Naden Aaron B. , Bojtor Andras , Paráda Gabor , Shawon Ashiq K. M. A. , Domosud Kamil , Refson Keith , Zevalkink Alexandra , Neophytou Neophytos , Bos Jan‐Willem G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBandstructure engineering is a key route for thermoelectric performance enhancement. Here, 20–50% Seebeck (S) enhancement is reported for XNiCuySn half‐Heusler samples based on X = Ti. This novel electronic effect is attributed to the emergence of impurity bands of finite extent, due to the Cu dopants. Depending on the dispersion, extent, and offset with respect to the parent material, these bands are shown to enhance S to different degrees. Experimentally, this effect is controllable by the Ti content of the samples, with the addition of Zr/Hf gradually removing the enhancement. At the same time, the mobility remains largely intact, enabling power factors ≥3 mW m−1 K−2 near room temperature, increasing to ≥5 mW m−1 K−2 at high temperature. Combined with reduced thermal conductivity due to the Cu interstitials, this enables high average zT = 0.67–0.72 between 320 and 793 K for XNiCuySn compositions with ≥70% Ti. This work reveals the existence of a new route for electronic performance enhancement in n‐type XNiSn materials that are normally limited by their single carrier pocket. In principle, impurity bands can be applied to other materials and provide a new direction for further development.
Tailoring Metal–Organic Frameworks for One‐Step Separation of Alkane/Alkene/Alkyne Mixtures
Authors: Guo Fu‐An , Gao Manglai , Wang Hao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe purification of polymer‐grade olefins (>99.9 %), primarily C2 and C3, is a significant yet challenging process in the petrochemical industry. The conventional method for hydrocarbon separation typically involves heat‐driven distillation. In contrast, adsorptive separation using porous solids presents a promising alternative, offering the potential for olefin purification under ambient conditions, thus providing substantial energy and environmental benefits. Particularly, one‐step purification of alkenes through the selective adsorption of their corresponding alkanes and alkynes has gained attention as an effective approach. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with their tunable pore structures, such as pore size, shape, and internal chemical environment, hold considerable potential for this process. This review discusses recent advancements in the development of MOFs for the one‐step adsorptive purification of alkenes from ternary mixtures of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, with a focus on the rational design of pore structures to achieve the desired separation.
In Situ Selenization Induced Electron‐Rich Pd with Weakened O2 Adsorption for Boosted Photocatalytic H2O2 Production
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xu Jiachao , Tian Yanan , Wang Yu , Wu Sikai , Wang Ping , Chen Feng , Wang Xuefei , Yu Huogen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPd cocatalysts show great potential for the photocatalytic production of H2O2. However, the catalytic efficiency of Pd cocatalyst is limited due to the strong adsorption of O2, which promotes O−O bond cleavage and thus reduces selectivity for the two‐electron O2 reduction reaction. Considering that adjusting the electron density of Pd can predominately optimize Pd−Oads bond strength, in this work, electron‐rich Pd sites are constructed by introducing Bi2Se3 middle layer between Pd cocatalysts and (010) facet of BiVO4 using an in‐situ selenization strategy. The photocatalytic results indicate that the designed BiVO4/Bi2Se3−Pd(0.3 %) photocatalyst achieves a high H2O2 yield of 2166 μmol L−1 in 2 h, which is 36 times and 3.75 times higher than BiVO4/Bi2Se3 and BiVO4/Pd photocatalyst, respectively. Additionally, the corresponding AQE value of BiVO4/Bi2Se3−Pd is 6.71 %. The subsequent Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and XPS spectra confirm that the introduction of Bi2Se3 via in‐situ selenization increases the electron density of Pd. This enhances the formation of electron‐rich Pd sites, reduces O2 adsorption, and ultimately improves the photocatalytic H2O2 yield. This strategy provides insights into designing efficient photocatalysts for H2O2 production through electronic structure modulation.
Recent advances in research on common targets of neurological and sex hormonal influences on asthma
Authors: Zhou Wenting , Chen Huan , Chen Xinyu , Gao Jing , Ji Wenting 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is currently one of the most common of respiratory diseases, severely affecting the lives of patients. With the in‐depth study of the role of the nervous system and sex hormones on the development of asthma, it has been found that the nervous system and sex hormones are related to each other in the pathway of asthma.ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sex hormones and the nervous system on the development of asthma.MethodsIn this review, we searched for a large number of relevant literature to elucidate the unique mechanisms of sex hormones and the nervous system on asthma development, and summarized several common targets in the pathways of sex hormones and the nervous system on asthma.ConclusionWe summarize several common important targets in the pathways of action of sex hormones and the nervous system in asthma, provide new directions and ideas for asthma treatment, and discuss current therapeutic limitations and future possibilities. Finally, the article predicts future applications of several important targets in asthma therapy.
Impact of obesity on outcome in children diagnosed with cancer in Canada: A report from Cancer in Young People in Canada
Authors: Sassine Samuel , Ilinca André P. , Coltin Hallie , Bittencourt Henrique , Athale Uma , Bowes Lynette , Brossard Josée , Israels Sara , Johnston Donna L. , Kulkarni Ketan , McKillop Sarah , Rayar Meera , Sinha Roona , Truong Tony , Vézina Catherine , Wheaton Laura , Zorzi Alexandra P. , Sung Lillian , Pelland‐Marcotte Marie‐Claude , Tran Thai Hoa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundChildhood obesity can result in adverse health outcomes. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of obesity and determine the association between obesity at cancer diagnosis and event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in children diagnosed with cancer in Canada.MethodsThe authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Cancer in Young People in Canada database, including all children with newly diagnosed cancer aged 2–18 years across Canada from 2001 to 2020. Obesity was defined as age‐adjusted and sex‐adjusted body mass index greater than or equal to the 95th percentile. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models compared EFS and OS between patients with and without obesity at diagnosis.ResultsIn total, 11,291 patients were included, of whom 10.5% were obese at diagnosis. In multivariable models controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, neighborhood income quintile, treatment era, and cancer categories, obesity at diagnosis was independently associated with inferior EFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.32; p = .02) and OS (aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.11–1.49; p = .001). The adverse prognostic impact of obesity was particularly notable for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and central nervous system (CNS) tumors. In children with ALL (n = 3458), obesity remained associated with inferior EFS (aHR, 1.55; p = .002) and OS (aHR, 1.75; p = .002) in multivariable analysis. In patients with CNS tumors (n = 2458), obesity was also associated with inferior EFS (aHR, 1.38; p = .008) and OS (aHR, 1.47; p = .004).ConclusionsIn this population‐based study, obesity at cancer diagnosis was independently associated with inferior survival across the entire cohort, and prominently in children with ALL and CNS tumors.
Afferent Projections to the Calca/CGRP‐Expressing Parabrachial Neurons in Mice
Authors: Korkutata Mustafa , De Luca Roberto , Fitzgerald Bridget , Khanday Mudasir A. , Arrigoni Elda , Scammell Thomas E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe parabrachial nucleus (PB), located in the dorsolateral pons, contains primarily glutamatergic neurons that regulate responses to a variety of interoceptive and cutaneous sensory signals. One lateral PB subpopulation expresses the Calca gene, which codes for the neuropeptide calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP). These PBCalca/CGRP neurons relay signals related to threatening stimuli such as hypercarbia, pain, and nausea, yet their inputs and their neurochemical identity are only partially understood. We mapped the afferent projections to the lateral part of the PB in mice using conventional cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) retrograde tracing and then used conditional rabies virus retrograde tracing to map monosynaptic inputs specifically targeting the PBCalca/CGRP neurons. Using vesicular GABA (vGAT) and glutamate (vGLUT2) transporter reporter mice, we found that lateral PB neurons receive GABAergic afferents from regions such as the lateral part of the central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral dorsal subnucleus of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, substantia innominata, and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray. Additionally, they receive glutamatergic afferents from the infralimbic and insular cortex, paraventricular nucleus, parasubthalamic nucleus, trigeminal complex, medullary reticular nucleus, and nucleus of the solitary tract. Using anterograde tracing and confocal microscopy, we then identified close axonal appositions between these afferents and PBCalca/CGRP neurons. Finally, we used channelrhodopsin‐assisted circuit mapping and found that GABAergic neurons of the central nucleus of the amygdala directly inhibit the PBCalca/CGRP neurons. These findings provide a comprehensive neuroanatomical framework for understanding the afferent projections regulating the PBCalca/CGRP neurons.
Small‐Signal Modelling of Bidirectional CLLC Converters for Onboard Charging Application in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Vijaya Anand Nidumolu , Naveen Yalla 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA two‐stage onboard battery charger with an CLLC resonant converter is a widely adopted configuration in the automotive industry. The ZVS and ZCS capability of the switching devices with high operating frequency of the CLLC converters encourages its application in various EV platforms to improve efficiency. In the literature, various authors proposed many methods to control the CLLC converters efficiently, but up to now, no simple and accurate small‐signal equivalent circuit modelling is available. As dynamic networks are load‐dependent, closed‐loop voltage and current controllers provide more stable operations in these converters. In this paper, a detailed mathematical modelling of the CLLC converters with time domain analysis has been presented. The proposed mathematical model accurately predicts the small‐signal behaviors seen in pulse‐frequency‐modulated (PFM) CLLC resonant converters whether the switching frequency is below, near to, or above the resonant frequency. Stable closed‐loop controllers for both current and voltage loops in battery charging applications are designed and detailed. A prototype hardware is been built and the experimental results with the load variations with the designed controllers are tested and the results are been discussed in the paper.
Artificial Neural Networks‐Based LEACH Algorithm for Fast and Efficient Cluster Head Selection in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Senturk Arafat 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecent improvements in wireless sensor networks (WSN) technology enabled more research on energy efficiency. Limited battery and difficulties in renewing the batteries in a critical application require the efficient use of energy for WSN. Besides energy efficiency, providing fast‐response systems facilitate real‐time applications. Combining machine learning (ML) with the clustering methods that significantly contribute to the energy efficiency of WSN seems to improve the efficiency. In this paper, the low‐energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) clustering method for WSN is implemented through a supervised learning method, artificial neural networks (ANN), for cluster head (CH) selection. The power of ANN as a superior classifier is thought to contribute much to the field. The details of designing an ANN are given in detail for the first time in WSN field. In addition, a dataset is prepared via MATLAB to be used for classification or other analysis related to a clustered network. The proposed model provides more than 85% accuracy for CH selection, and it is 83.28% faster than LEACH to determine the CHs. This method produces more efficient solutions in large networks in terms of the time for CH selection. The feasibility of ANN is also shown for the issues related to WSN such as CH selection.
Covariation Between Microbiome Composition and Host Transcriptome in the Gut of Wild Drosophila melanogaster: A Re‐Analysis
Authors: Llanwarne Frances , Dobson Adam J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGut microbiota are fundamental for healthy animal function, but the evidence that host function can be predicted from microbiota taxonomy remains equivocal, and natural populations remain understudied compared to laboratory animals. Paired analyses of covariation in microbiota and host parameters are powerful approaches to characterise host–microbiome relationships mechanistically, especially in wild populations of animals that are also lab models, enabling insight into the ecological basis of host function at molecular and cellular levels. The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is a preeminent model organism, amenable to field investigation by ‘omic analyses. Previous work in wild male D. melanogaster guts analysed paired measurements of (A) bacterial diversity and abundance, measured by 16S amplicon sequencing; and (B) the host gut transcriptome, but no signature of covariation was detected. Here, we re‐analyse those data comprehensively. We find orthogonal axes of microbial genera, which correspond to differential expression of host genes. The differentially expressed gene sets were enriched in functions including protein translation, mitochondrial respiration, immunity and reproduction. Each gene set had a distinct functional signature, suggesting that wild flies exhibit a range of distinct axes of functional variation, which correspond to orthogonal axes of microbiome variation. These findings lay a foundation to better connect ecology and functional genetics of a leading host‐microbiome model.
Metal‐Doped Nitride‐Based Nanostructures for Saving Sustainable and Clean Energy in Batteries
Authors: Mollaamin Fatemeh , Monajjemi Majid 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe hypothesis of the energy adsorption phenomenon was confirmed by density distributions of CDD, TDOS, and LOL for GaN and ternary alloys of AlGaN and InGaN. Based on TDOS, the excessive growth technique on doping manganese is a potential approach to designing high‐efficiency hybrid semipolar gallium nitride–based devices in a long wavelength zone. A vaster jointed area engaged by an isosurface map for Mn doping GaN, AlGaN, and InGaN toward formation of nanocomposites of Mn@GaN–H, Mn@AlGaN–H, and Mn@InGaN–H after hydrogen adsorption due to labeling atoms of N(4), Mn(5), and H (18), respectively. Therefore, it can be considered that manganese in the functionalized Mn@GaN, Mn@AlGaN, or Mn@InGaN might have more impressive sensitivity for admitting the electrons in the status of hydrogen adsorption. Furthermore, Mn@GaN, Mn@AlGaN, or Mn@InGaN are potentially advantageous for certain high‐frequency applications requiring batteries for energy storage. The advantages of manganese over GaN, AlGaN, or InGaN include its higher electron and hole mobility, allowing manganese doping devices to operate at higher frequencies than nondoping devices. A comprehensive investigation on hydrogen grabbing by heteroclusters of Mn‐doped GaN, AlGaN, and InGaN was carried out using DFT computations. The position of the Mn‐doped energy states was evaluated via the spectra obtained from the bipolar devices with the Mn‐doped GaN/AlGaN/InGaN as an active layer.
Prognostic significance of immune reconstitution following CD19 CAR T‐cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Stock Sophia , Bücklein Veit L. , Blumenberg Viktoria , Magno Giulia , Emhardt Alica‐Joana , Holzem Alessandra M. E. , Cordas dos Santos David M. , Schmidt Christian , Grießhammer Stefanie , Frölich Lisa , Kobold Sebastian , von Bergwelt‐Baildon Michael , Rejeski Kai , Subklewe Marion 
Published: January 2025

AbstractImmune deficits after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy can be long‐lasting, predisposing patients to infections and non‐relapse mortality. In B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL), the prognostic impact of immune reconstitution (IR) remains ill‐defined, and detailed cross‐product comparisons have not been performed to date. In this retrospective observational study, we longitudinally characterized lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels in 105 B‐NHL patients to assess patterns of immune recovery arising after CD19 CAR‐T. Three key IR criteria were defined as CD4+ T helper (TH) cells > 200/µL, any detectable B cells, and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels >4 g/L. After a median follow‐up of 24.6 months, 38% of patients displayed TH cells, 11% showed any B cells, and 41% had IgG recovery. Notable product‐specific differences emerged, including deeper TH cell aplasia with CD28z‐ versus longer B‐cell aplasia with 41BBz‐based products. Patients with any IR recovery experienced extended progression‐free survival (PFS) (median 20.8 vs. 1.7 months, p < 0.0001) and overall survival (OS) (34.9 vs. 4.0 months, p < 0.0001). While landmark analysis at 90 days confirmed improved PFS in patients with any recovery (34.9 vs. 8.6 months, p = 0.005), no significant OS difference was noted. Notably, 72% of patients with refractory disease never displayed recovery of any IR criteria. Early progressors showed diminished IR at the time of progression/relapse compared to patients with late progression/recurrence (after Day 90). Our results highlight the profound immune deficits observed after CD19 CAR‐T and shed light on the intersection of IR and efficacy in B‐NHL. Importantly, IR was impaired considerably postprogression, carrying significant implications for subsequent T‐cell‐engaging therapies and treatment sequencing.
Analysis of Body Fluid Distribution, Phase Angle and Its Association With Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy: An Observational Study
Authors: Crisafulli Oscar , Baptista Renato , Drid Patrik , Grattarola Luca , Bottoni Giorgio , Lavaselli Emanuela , Negro Massimo , Tupler Rossella , Quintiero Venere , D'Antona Giuseppe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsBody composition parameters associated with aerobic fitness, mirrored by maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max), have recently gained interest as indicators of physical efficiency in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD). Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) allows a noninvasive and repeatable estimate of body composition but is based on the use of predictive equations which, if used in cohorts with different characteristics from those for which the equation was originally formulated, could give biased results. Instead, the phase angle (PhA), a BIA raw bioelectrical parameter reflecting body fluids distribution, could provide reliable data for such analysis.Methods33 clinically and genetically characterized FSHD patients (mean age 35.7; 10 females) and 27 sex and age‐matched healthy controls (HC) were included in the analysis. BIA was used to evaluate body fluids distribution (intracellular water [ICW], extracellular water [ECW], and total body water [TBW]), and PhA, while cardiopulmonary exercise test was used to estimate V̇O2max.ResultsThe groups were comparable for ECW and TBW. Instead, patients showed lower values of ICW (p = 0.020), ICW/ECW ratio (p < 0.001), and PhA (p < 0.001). Moreover, patients reported lower V̇O2max (p = 0.001 for absolute values; p = 0.002 for values expressed in relation to body weight) which, unlike HC, was not associated to PhA.ConclusionBased on our results, PhA of FSHD patients is lower than HC. Since PhA mirrors the ICW/ECW ratio, the lower share of ICW seems to be the basis of such difference. Given the lack of association with V̇O2max, PhA cannot be considered a reliable indicator of aerobic fitness in FSHD.
Do Co‐Opted Boards Lead to Managerial Obfuscation? Evidence From the 10‐K Report Readability
Authors: Gull Ammar Ali , Rind Asad Ali , Suleman Muhammad Tahir 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the relationship between board co‐option and managerial obfuscation captured through linguistic complexity of 10‐K reports. Using 7912 US firm‐year observations from 2003 to 2018, we find that firms with a higher proportion of co‐opted directors obfuscate the readability of the 10‐K reports. The findings are robust across various variable definitions, sample specifications and remain significant after addressing endogeneity concerns through multiple approaches, including lead‐lag regression, entropy balancing, instrumental variable analysis, the system GMM, and difference‐in‐difference estimations. Further analysis reveals that our main finding is driven by firms with weak internal (i.e., those with high CEO power and low board meeting attendance) and external (i.e., those with low institutional ownership and less analyst following) monitoring. The paper provides useful policy insights and implications for investors, regulators, and policymakers.