bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seeing (or perceiving) difference in multiracial Singapore: Habits of looking in a raciolinguistic image economy
Authors: Babcock Joshua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article examines the habits of looking that mediate perception in the self‐consciously multiracial Southeast Asian island city‐state of Singapore. I proposelookingas a concept for understanding how perceivers work to transform ambiguous, ambivalent encounters with difference into determinate, visibly self‐evident encounters with race. I argue that, in Singapore, habits of looking get materialized via a visual epistemology of race: as efforts to know others by knowing their race through multimodal assemblages of signs, with vision located at the apex of hierarchies of perceptual modalities. I examine informal interactions, state‐produced media, and online commentary to show how language, race, and perception get co‐naturalized (Rosa and Flores, 2017) in an asymmetrically power‐laden image economy (Halliday, 2018; Poole, 1997). I show how looking enables perceivers to see through the eyes of authoritative others and track how hierarchies among perceivers get continually reproduced and revalorized despite continual failures on their own terms.
Olanzapine as an add‐on, pre‐operative anti‐emetic drug for postoperative nausea or vomiting: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Grigio T. R. , Timmerman H. , Martins J. V. B. , Slullitel A. , Wolff A. P. , Sousa A. M. 
Published: July 2023

SummaryPostoperative nausea or vomiting occurs in up to 40% in patients with multiple risk factors, despite prophylaxis. Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug that is used to prevent nausea and vomiting in palliative care and to treat chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting. This study aimed to examine whether pre‐operative olanzapine, as a prophylactic anti‐emetic added to intra‐operative dexamethasone, ondansetron and total intravenous anaesthesia, reduced the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting. We performed a multiply‐blinded randomised controlled trial in patients aged 18–60 years with cancer at high risk of postoperative nausea or vomiting (three or four risk factors according to the Apfel criteria) plus a previous history of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting. Patients were allocated at random to receive 10 mg olanzapine or placebo orally 1 h before surgery in addition to a two‐drug regimen (dexamethasone and ondansetron) and propofol anaesthesia to prevent postoperative nausea or vomiting. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting in the first 24 h after surgery. In total, 100 patients were enrolled; 47 in the olanzapine group and 49 in the control group completed the study. The baseline characteristics of the groups were similar. The incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting in the first 24 h after surgery was lower in the olanzapine group (12/47, 26%) than in the control group (31/49, 63%) (p = 0.008, RR 0.40 (95%CI 0.21–0.79)). Adding pre‐operative oral olanzapine to intra‐operative dexamethasone and ondansetron was highly effective in reducing the risk of postoperative nausea or vomiting in the first 24 hours after surgery in patients with a previous history of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting and at least three Apfel risk factors for postoperative nausea or vomiting.
Successful treatment of gastric cancer with gastroduodenal intussusception by laparoscopic distal gastrectomy
Authors: Namikawa Tsutomu , Utsunomiya Masato , Yokota Keiichiro , Munekage Masaya , Maeda Hiromichi , Kitagawa Hiroyuki , Namikawa Chikako , Kobayashi Michiya , Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Seo Satoru 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe report a case of a 93‐year‐old woman with gastric cancer who presented with gastroduodenal intussusception and was treated with laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a giant protruding lesion in the gastric antrum extending into the duodenal bulb, and biopsy confirmed a well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma. Abdominal contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a well‐defined mass with homogeneous enhancement and a stalk arising from the distal stomach extending into the duodenal bulb. With a clinical diagnosis of gastric cancer with gastroduodenal intussusception, the patient underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection and reconstruction using the Billroth I method. Reduction of the intussusception was performed through a 4 cm incision under the xiphoid process in the epigastric region because it could not be laparoscopically reduced. Gross examination of the resected specimen showed a well‐circumscribed, elevated lesion measuring 11.2 × 4.7 × 3.6 cm in the antrum. Microscopic examination of the elevated tumor confirmed the diagnosis of well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma invading the gastric submucosal layer without lymph node metastasis. There was no lymphatic or venous invasion or lymph node metastasis. The postoperative course was uneventful, and her hemoglobin level improved to 11.9 g/dL. The patient has been postoperatively well without evidence of recurrence for 3 months. Part of the superficial spreading‐type tumor may be drawn into the duodenum under strong peristaltic movement because it does not infiltrate the muscle layer.
Genotype‐phenotype analysis of selective failure of tooth eruption—A systematic review
Authors: Guo Xinyue , Duan Xiaohong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTooth eruption is an important and unique biological process during craniofacial development. Both the genetic and environmental factors can interfere with this process. Here we aimed to find the failure pattern of tooth eruption among five genetic diseases. Both systematic review and meta‐analysis were used to identify the genotype–phenotype associations of unerupted teeth. The meta‐analysis was based on the characteristics of abnormal tooth eruption in 223 patients with the mutations in PTH1R, RUNX2, COL1A1/2, CLCN7, and FAM20A respectively. We found all the patients presented selective failure of tooth eruption (SFTE). Primary failure of eruption patients with PTH1R mutations showed primary or isolated SFTE1 in the first and second molars (59.3% and 52% respectively). RUNX2 related cleidocranial dysplasia usually had SFTE2 in canines and premolars, while COL1A1/2 related osteogenesis imperfecta mostly caused SFTE3 in the maxillary second molars (22.9%). In CLCN7 related osteopetrosis, the second molars and mandibular first molars were the most affected. While FAM20A related enamel renal syndrome most caused SFTE5 in the second molars (86.2%) and maxillary canines. In conclusion, the SFTE was the common characteristics of most genetic diseases with abnormal isolated or syndromic tooth eruption. The selective pattern of unerupted teeth was gene‐dependent. Here we recommend SFTE to classify those genetic unerupted teeth and guide for precise molecular diagnosis and treatment.
Shrinking social spaces: The role of nurseries as social infrastructure and brokers of support in times of crisis
Authors: Benchekroun Rachel , Cameron Claire 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 produced temporary closures and changes to organisational practices in nurseries, which shrank social spaces and presented challenges in providing and accessing parental support. Limited attention has been paid in early childhood literature to the role of nurseries. We explored how one nursery mediated the impact of the pandemic on mothers. Our London case study showed that mothers valued it as social infrastructure and as a broker of support networks. Our findings contribute to conceptual understandings and have important implications for the recognition of the role of nurseries in providing supportive spaces in times of economic and public health crises.
Essential planetary health workers: Positioning rangers within global policy
Authors: Stolton Sue , Timmins Hannah L. , Dudley Nigel , Biegus Olga , Galliers Chris , Jackson William , Kettunen Marianne , Long Barney , Rao Madhu , Rodriguez Carlos Manuel , Romanelli Cristina , Schneider Tim , Seidl Andrew , Singh Rohit , Sykes Matt 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOur planet is facing increasing challenges: climate change, biodiversity loss, pandemics, poverty, and many other problems closely linked to a deteriorating environment. Meanwhile, one of our most important assets, rangers working in protected and conserved areas responsible for managing large tracts of the planet's lands and waters, are often underutilized, underrecognized and underequipped. They are generally left out of the debate about conservation and sustainable development policy, despite being central to the success of those policies. This paper outlines the need for global leaders across multiple sectors to recognize the profession of rangers as essential planetary health workers and to position rangers more effectively within global conservation and environmental policy mechanisms. It introduces the challenges facing rangers, the emerging diversity of roles within the ranger profession and the important contribution of rangers to conservation and sustainable development. It presents policy and implementation avenues to improve recognition and professionalization of rangers as key executors of conservation and development policy, particularly considering the recent Global Biodiversity Framework ambitions.
Network design with consideration of hours‐of‐service regulation and drop‐and‐swap trailer operations
Authors: Robinson E. Powell , Sahin Funda , Gao Li‐Lian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research, motivated by collaboration with a leading manufacturer and distributor of building products, introduces two distribution network design models considering federally mandated hours of service restrictions on truck drivers and drop‐and‐swap trailer operations. A key feature of the drop‐and‐swap transport mode is the decoupling of linehaul and last‐mile delivery operations, which enables geographic extension of last‐mile delivery routes while complying with hours of service driver regulations and providing next‐day delivery service. The models simultaneously determine the profit‐maximizing size, number, and location of order fulfillment facilities and satellite drop‐and‐swap terminals, and systemwide transportation flows. A case study of the firm's distribution network reveals that the new location models improve profitability by approximately 5% when compared with traditional network design approaches. An experimental study of five marketing and operational characteristics shows when the models are most advantageously applied. Overall, profit improvements range from 2.32% to 10.97% on a set of 288 test problems. The research provides new insights for integrated facility location and transportation strategic design. The potential application of the models in a variety of e‐commerce scenarios is promising.
Early impairment of right ventricular systolic function in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: An analysis of two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Wu Ting , Li Xia , Zhang Dan , Gong Liang‐Geng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that affects multiple target organs. Current data on right ventricular damage in type 2 diabetes, especially in prediabetes, are limited. Due to the anatomical characteristics of the right ventricle, the assessment of the right ventricle by conventional echocardiography is difficult, whereas the ultrasound two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography can provide information on myocardial systolic function by tracking the motion information of myocardial speckles, which can sensitively reflect myocardial mechanical changes.AimsTo assess the effect of prediabetes and diabetes with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction on right ventricular myocardial systolic function and to identify independent risk factors affecting right ventricular systolic function.MethodsA total of 49 normoglycaemic (NG) healthy individuals, 43 prediabetics (PDM), and 52 type 2 diabetics (T2DM) were recruited. All study subjects underwent conventional echocardiography and two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE).ResultsThe right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) (20.80 ± 1.96% vs. 18.99 ± 3.20% vs. 16.85 ± 4.01%), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), and interventricular septal longitudinal strain (IVS‐LS) (17.28 ± 2. 35% vs. 16.14 ± 3.22% vs. 15.53 ± 3.33%) gradually decreased from the controls, through patients with prediabetes, to those with diabetes (p < .001). Right ventricular free wall strain (RVFW‐LS) was higher in the control group (25.63 ± 4.58% vs. 22.83 ± 4.83% vs. 20.79 ± 4.92%) than in the other two groups with a statistically significant difference (p < .001), while RVFW‐LS was not statistically different between the prediabetic and diabetic groups. Multivariate regression analysis showed that HbA1c (β = −.626, p < .001), IVS‐LS (β = .417, p < .001), and left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDd) (β = .191, p = .011) were independently correlated with RVGLS.ConclusionsTwo‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography can sensitively detect subtle changes in the early impairment of right ventricular systolic function in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism. Type 2 diabetes is the common mechanism causing impaired myocardial mechanics in the right and left ventricles. The reduced global systolic longitudinal strain of the right ventricle was associated with reduced global septal longitudinal strain and left ventricular remodeling. HbA1c is an independent predictor of the global longitudinal strain of the right ventricle, and controlling blood glucose levels may be expected to improve the extent of myocardial damage.
Learning and innovation in urban yellow mongooses (Cynictis penicillata)
Authors: Müller Mijke , Pillay Neville 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProblem‐solving and innovation have been studied extensively, yet urban animals are overlooked despite opportunities to innovate in urban areas. We studied problem‐solving in yellow mongooses (Cynictis penicillata) in an urban setting. Using novel puzzle box experiments, we investigated whether yellow mongooses could solve a task of increasing complexity in three locations with varying extents of anthropogenic interactions. Mongooses in a residential ecological estate took the longest time to solve the problem, whereas those frequenting a residential garden solved the problem the fastest. Mongooses solved the puzzle box problem at each of the four stages of complexity, but were the fastest during the least complex first stage, followed by the third stage and requiring more time in the second and fourth stages of complexity. Overall, the location of the mongoose colonies and the complexity of the task were the main correlates of the speed of solving the problem. Urban‐living yellow mongooses can interact with novelty in an anthropogenic environment and solve novel problems through innovation to obtain a food incentive.
Demersal fish biomass declines with temperature across productive shelf seas
Authors: van Denderen Daniel , Maureaud Aurore A. , Andersen Ken H. , Gaichas Sarah , Lindegren Martin , Petrik Colleen M. , Stock Charles A. , Collie Jeremy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTheory predicts fish community biomass to decline with increasing temperature due to higher metabolic losses resulting in less efficient energy transfer in warm‐water food webs. However, whether these metabolic predictions explain observed macroecological patterns in fish community biomass is virtually unknown. Here, we test these predictions by examining the variation in demersal fish biomass across productive shelf regions.LocationTwenty one continental shelf regions in the North Atlantic and Northeast Pacific.Time Period1980–2015.Major Taxa StudiedMarine teleost fish and elasmobranchs.MethodsWe compiled high‐resolution bottom trawl survey data of fish biomass containing 166,000 unique tows and corrected biomass for differences in sampling area and trawl gear catchability. We examined whether relationships between net primary production and demersal fish community biomass are mediated by temperature, food‐web structure and the level of fishing exploitation, as well as the choice of spatial scale of the analysis. Subsequently, we examined if temperature explains regional changes in fish biomass over time under recent warming.ResultsWe find that biomass per km2 varies 40‐fold across regions and is highest in cold waters and areas with low fishing exploitation. We find no evidence that temperature change has impacted biomass within marine regions over the time period considered. The biomass variation is best explained by an elementary trophodynamic model that accounts for temperature‐dependent trophic efficiency.Main ConclusionsOur study supports the hypothesis that temperature is a main driver of large‐scale cross‐regional variation in fish community biomass. The cross‐regional pattern suggests that long‐term impacts of warming will be negative on biomass. These results provide an empirical basis for predicting future changes in fish community biomass and its associated services for human wellbeing that is food provisioning, under global climate change.
Sarcoma with MGA::NUTM1 fusion: a report of three cases and literature review
Authors: Wangsiricharoen Sintawat , Wakely Paul E , Prieto Victor G , Yu Wendong 
Published: July 2023

AimsNUTM1‐rearranged sarcoma is an emerging entity that differs from NUT carcinoma at the molecular level, with most of the former tumours harbouring fusions involving genes in the MYC‐associated factor X dimerization (MAD) transcription family (MXD1, MXD4, MXI1 [or MXD2], and MGA). MGA::NUTM1 is one of the most recently described novel gene fusions associated with NUTM1‐rearranged sarcoma. Herein we describe the clinicopathologic features of three sarcomas with an MGA::NUTM1 fusion.Methods and resultsThe three study patients were male, with an age range of 10–28 years. The tumour sites were deep soft tissue of the thigh, the chest wall, and the pelvis. All three tumours were aggressive, with multiple recurrences and metastases. Histologically, the tumours were composed of monotonous spindle, round, or epithelioid cells in variably hyalinized stroma and prominent aggregates of amianthoid fibre‐like collagen or collagen rosettes. Mitotic activity was relatively low (5–12 mitotic figures per 10 hhpf). All tumours tested expressed NUT, with one tumour having S100 protein expression and two tumours having CD99 and CD56 expression. The genetic breakpoints were MGA exon 21, MGA exon 22, and NUTM1 exon 3.ConclusionMGA::NUTM1 sarcoma often exhibits hyalinized stroma with amianthoid fibre‐like collagen or collagen rosettes in the presence of monotonous round, epithelioid, or spindle cell morphology. NUT immunohistochemistry and molecular testing can help confirm the diagnosis.
Work values and communication styles among Generation X, Y, and Z nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: So Hee Lee , Yeojin Yi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo compare and contrast nurses' work values and communication styles across Generation X, Y, and Z.BackgroundIntergenerational differences in the work values of nurses are well known, but the commonalities remain largely uninvestigated. It is also unclear if there are intergenerational differences and commonalities in the rhetorical communication style of nurses.MethodsThis study used a cross‐sectional research design. Participants were 243 nurses of Generation X (n = 78), Y (n = 86), and Z (n = 79) working at a general hospital in Korea. Structured questionnaires were used to collect the data from September to October 2019. The differences in work values and communication types were measured and analyzed using the χ2 test.FindingsThe work values of Generation X differed from those of Generation Y and Z, who preferred extrinsic work values. There was no significant intergenerational difference in communication types, although Generation X and Y were similar to each other in communication types and different from Generation Z.ConclusionAlthough the work values of the three generations are different, their communication styles are similar so that they may reduce the generational gap through communication. In particular, Generation Y nurses prefer extrinsic work values and share some work values with Generation Z; however, the dominant communication type of Generation Y is similar to Generation X, not Z. Therefore, Generation Y could play a key role in connecting Generation X with Z during communication.Implications for nursing policyNursing organizations should delegate the authority to Generation Y so that Y may have a voice in the nursing group as the mediator between X and Z.
A Dissolution of the Repugnant Conclusion
Authors: Fumagalli Roberto 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTThis article articulates and defends a dissolution of the so‐called repugnant conclusion, which focuses on the notion of life worth living figuring both in Parfit's formulation of the repugnant conclusion and in most responses to such a conclusion. The proposed dissolution demonstrates that the notion of life worth living is plagued by multiple ambiguities and that these ambiguities, in turn, hamper meaningful debate about both the issue of whether the repugnant conclusion can be avoided and the issue of whether the repugnant conclusion is actually repugnant. This result does not exclude that some modified versions of the repugnant conclusion may yield valuable insights about the value of populations and the tenability of different axiological/ethical theories. Still, if the proposed dissolution is correct, then the repugnant conclusion rests on an ill‐defined notion and we lack the information required to assess the merits of the repugnant conclusion.
A cutting‐edge assessment of recent advancements in essential oils extraction technologies for energy and ecological sustainability: A comprehensive review
Authors: Katekar Vikrant P. , Rao Anand B. , Sardeshpande Vishal R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHydrodistillation (HD) systems have been popular for essential oils extraction from medicinal and aromatic plants for several decades. Nevertheless, they substantially consume thermal or electrical energy and have a visible carbon footprint on the environment. This article describes a state‐of‐the‐art review of the HD systems used for essential oil extraction to examine their effectiveness. From this study, it has been found that, for a microwave‐assisted system, the yield of an essential oil varies from 0.079% to 8.62%. The microwave‐assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) system yields 32% more than a conventional HD system. The average extraction time saved using the MAHD system is 67.17% compared with the traditional one. Ohmic‐assisted HD system is better than the microwave‐assisted and conventional HD system, with an 18.04% enhancement in the yield. During this study, it is also investigated that for the distillation system operating at atmospheric pressure, the extraction temperature ranges from 80°C to 120°C. This temperature can easily be attained in a solar hydrodistillation system. Several investigators have demonstrated the use of solar energy for essential oil extraction. However, these systems mostly use a concentrating collector, henceforth found bulky and expensive.