bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intimate partner violence and its associated factors among reproductive-age women in East Africa:-A generalized mixed effect robust poisson regression model
Authors: Tessema Zemenu Tadesse , Gebrie Worku Misganaw , Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn , Alemneh Tesfa Sewunet , Teshale Achamyeleh Birhanu , Yeshaw Yigizie , Alem Adugnaw Zeleke , Ayalew Hiwotie Getaneh , Liyew Alemneh Mekuriaw 
Published: August 2023

Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) has published estimates revealing that around one out of every three women across the globe has been a victim of either physical and/or sexual violence from an intimate partner or non-partner throughout their lifetime. The available evidence on intimate partner violence in East Africa is limited Consequently, the objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and factors linked to intimate partner violence in East Africa.

Methods
The study utilized the most recent data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2011 and 2018/19 in 11 countries in Eastern Africa. A total of 59,000 women were included in the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to exmine factors associated with IPV. A mixed effect robust Poisson regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with intimate partner violence. The adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to determine the presence of a significant association between intimate partner violence and the independent variables.

Results
In this study, the prevalence of intimate partner violence in East Africa was 43.72% with 95% CI 43.32% to 44.12%. In the mixed effect robust Poisson regression model:—Marital status, working status, parity, sex of household headed, wealth index, community poverty, and residence, were significantly associated with intimate partner violence.

Conclusion
The prevalence of intimate partner violence in East Africa is high as compared to the global prevalence 30%, which hinders The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically goal 5, aim to attain gender equality and empower women and girls worldwide by the year 2030 Women being previously married and cohabitated, working, having a high number of children, rural residents were positively associated with IPV and household and community wealth index and sex of household headed were negatively related with IPV in East Africa. Therefore, we recommend establishing effective health and legal response using an integrated policy approach and Special attention should be given to women who live rural and poorest to reduce IPV and to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) goal 5.
Strengthening systems to provide long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) in public sector health facilities in Uganda and Zambia: Program results and learnings
Authors: Kamanga Aniset , Lyazi Micheal , Prust Margaret L. , Medina-Jaudes Naomi , Ngosa Lupenshyo , Nalwabwe Margaret , Ndhlovu Martha , Kaluba Dynes , Mwiche Angel , Mugahi Richard , Batusa Joy , Zulu Morrison , Musoke Andrew , Shakwele Hilda , Glover Caitlin , Aldrich Emma 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
In Uganda and Zambia, both supply- and demand-side factors hamper availability of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), including implants and intrauterine devices (IUDs), at public sector facilities. This paper discusses results of a program aimed at increasing access to and uptake of LARC services in public sector facilities through capacity building of government health workers, strengthening government supply chains, and client mobilization.

Methods
From 2018–2021, the Ministries of Health (MOHs) in Uganda and Zambia and Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) worked to increase readiness to provide LARC services within 51 focal facilities in Uganda and 85 focal facilities in Zambia. Annual facility assessments of LARC-related resources were conducted and routine service delivery data were monitored.

Results
At baseline, few focal facilities had supplies and skilled staff to provide LARC services. At endline, over 90% of focal facilities in both countries had a provider trained to provide both implants and IUDs and 55% had the commodities and equipment needed for implant provision. In Uganda and Zambia, respectively, 65% and 38% of focal facilities had commodities and equipment for IUD provision at endline. Both programs observed significant increases in the number of implants provided at focal facilities; in Uganda implant volumes increased five-fold from 4,560 at baseline to 23,463 at endline, and in Zambia implant volumes increased nearly four-fold from 1,884 at baseline to 7,394 at endline. Uganda did not observe growth in IUD volumes, whereas Zambia observed significantly increased IUD service volumes from 251 at baseline to 3,866 at endline.

Conclusions
Public sector facilities can be rapidly and sustainably capacitated to provide LARCs when both catalytic and systems strengthening interventions are deployed for health worker capacity building, supply chain management, and community mobilization to ensure client flow. Investments should be intentionally sequenced and coordinated to generate a virtuous cycle that enables continued LARC service provision.
The association between religious participation and memory among middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review
Authors: Nath Bonita , Patel Priya , Oremus Mark 
Published: August 2023

Objectives
Mounting evidence suggests religion plays an important role in maintaining cognition. No prior systematic review has focused on the specific association between religion and the memory domain of cognition in middle-aged and older adults. We carried out a systematic review to explore this association in depth.

Methods
We searched the PsycINFO, Scopus, and PubMed databases to identify articles assessing any means of measuring religion as the exposure and memory as the outcome. Articles had to report on studies with comparison groups to be eligible for inclusion in the review. We followed the PRISMA checklist to conduct the review (PROSPERO registration # CRD42022330389).

Results
Nine out of the 1648 citations retrieved in the literature search were included in the review. The majority of included articles had a moderate risk of bias. Most results showed positive associations between religion and memory.

Discussion
Despite consistency in the direction of association between religion and memory, the literature contained some important research gaps: the studies were cross-sectional; a lack of information existed regarding whether different faiths, sex/gender and depression affected the association; and underpowered studies prevented us from drawing firm conclusions about the direction or magnitude of effect. Longitudinal studies avoiding these issues are needed in this field.
Associations between police harassment and distrust in and reduced access to healthcare among Black sexual minority men: A longitudinal analysis of HPTN 061
Authors: Feelemyer Jonathan P. , Duncan Dustin T. , Remch Molly , Kaufman Jay S. , Cleland Charles M. , Geller Amanda B. , Dyer Typhanye V. , Scheidell Joy D. , Turpin Rodman E. , Brewer Russell A. , Hucks-Ortiz Christopher , Mazumdar Medha , Mayer Kenneth H. , Khan Maria R. 
Published: August 2023

Objective
Evaluate associations between racialized and homophobia-based police harassment (RHBPH) and healthcare distrust and utilization among Black Sexual Minority Men (BSMM).

Methods
We utilized data from a longitudinal cohort study from HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 061 with baseline, six and 12 month follow-up assessments. Using multivariable analysis, we evaluated associations between RHBPH and healthcare distrust and utilization reported at the 6 and 12 month visits.

Results
Of 1553 BSMM present at baseline, 1160 were available at six-month follow-up. In multivariable analysis, increasing frequency of RHBPH was associated with increasing levels of distrust in healthcare providers (aOR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.74) and missing 50% or more of healthcare visits at six-month follow-up (aOR 1.93, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.43).

Conclusions
Recent experiences of RHBPH are associated with reduced trust in and access to healthcare among BSMM, with more frequent RHBPH associated with greater vulnerability.
Repeatability of pupil diameter measurements using three different topography devices
Authors: Saad Amr , Steinberg Johannes , Frings Andreas 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
To evaluate the intra- and inter-device repeatability of pupil diameter measurements using three different devices in patients prior to corneal refractive surgery.

Methods
We examined preoperative measurements from a total of 204 eyes (102 patients) scheduled for corneal refractive surgery at two private centers between July and December 2021. Three consecutive scans were performed with three different devices (Sirius anterior segment analyzer, Pentacam HR, IOLMaster 500) in the same session by the same examiner under standardized conditions. To assess the intra- and inter-device repeatability, we calculated the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and demonstrated results using Bland-Altman plots.

Results
The measurement accuracy (intra-device repeatability) of Sirius and IOLMaster was comparable (ICC = 0.64 and 0.61, respectively), with almost no statistically significant differences. Sirius showed the highest measurement accuracy among the three devices. Pentacam measurements resulted in lower precision, with an ICC of 0.09. The agreement between the pairs of devices (inter-device repeatability) was low (wide LoA ranges, Table 5).

Conclusion
In this study, the intra-device repeatability of Sirius and IOLMaster was higher than that of the Pentacam, although it did not achieve an optimal level across all three devices. The three devices examined cannot be used interchangeably.
Qualitative study of in-kind incentives to improve healthcare quality in Belize: Is quality work better than wealth?
Authors: Rios-Zertuche Diego , Benitez Collante Angel Eugenio , Aguilar Rivera Ana Mylena , Gillett Armelle , Largaespada Beer Natalia , Sabido Julio , Schwarzbauer Karla 
Published: August 2023

Background
There is a sparsity of knowledge of the specific mechanisms through which financial and non-financial incentives impact the performance of health teams. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by examining an in-kind incentives program for healthcare teams implemented in three districts in Belize (2012–2022) as part of the Salud Mesoamerica Initiative, which aimed to improve healthcare quality.

Methods
We performed a qualitative study to understand the mechanisms through which the in-kind incentive program supported quality improvement in Belize. We conducted key informant interviews (April—June 2021) remotely on a sample of former and current healthcare workers from Belize’s Ministry of Health and Wellness familiar with the program. We analyzed responses using qualitative content analysis. We used open coding to identify patterns and themes.

Results
We conducted eight key informant interviews from a pool of thirty potential informants. Our analysis of the interviews yielded a total of 11 major themes with 27 subthemes. Most informants reported that in-kind incentives were not the primary motivation for improving their performance, though they did acknowledge that incentives had increased their attention on the quality of care provided. Conversely, we found that quarterly measurements and supportive supervision by national level authorities offered an external validation mechanism and instilled frontline staff with a sense of shared responsibility towards improving their performance. The majority of informants conveyed positive opinions about the in-kind incentives program.

Conclusions
Our study contributes to the understanding of how in-kind incentives can enhance performance. We found that in-kind incentives created extrinsic motivation, leading to an increased focus on quality. Standardized measurements and supportive supervision improved intrinsic motivation and formed a stronger commitment to quality of care. Rather than focusing on tangible incentives, explicitly incorporating standardized measurements and supportive supervision in the routine work of the Ministry of Health could have longer lasting effects on quality improvement.
Effects of lower tiers of government healthcare facilities on unmet need for contraception and contraception use in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Nuruzzaman , Khanam Shimlin Jahan , Khan Md Mostaured Ali , Islam M. Mofizul , Harris Melissa L. 
Published: August 2023

Background
In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Bangladesh, modern contraception use remains lower than desired, resulting in a higher unmet need. A potential factor contributing to lower contraceptive use is reduced access to and use of lower tiers of government healthcare facilities, including home visits by family welfare assistants (FWAs), as well as women’s visits to community and satellite clinics. These relationships, however, are still unexplored in Bangladesh and LMICs more broadly. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of lower tiers of government healthcare facilities on unmet needs for contraception and contraception use in Bangladesh.

Methods
Data from 17,585 sexually active married women were analyzed from the 2017 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome variables were any contraceptive use, modern contraceptive use, unmet need for contraception, and unmet need for modern contraception. The explanatory variables considered were respondents’ home visits by FWAs, respondents’ visits to a community clinic, and respondents’ visits to a satellite clinic. Multilevel mixed-effect Poisson regression with robust variance was used to determine the association between the outcome and explanatory variables, adjusted for individual-, household-, and community-level factors.

Results
Approximately 18% of respondents were visited by FWAs in the three months prior to the survey date and only 3.4% and 3.1% of women attended community and satellite clinics, respectively. Women who reported being visited by FWAs in the three months prior to the survey were approximately 36% less likely to report an unmet need for modern contraception and 42% more likely to report using modern contraception than women who did not report such a visit. A higher likelihood of unmet need for contraception and a lower likelihood of contraception use were found among women who did not visit these community or satellite clinics or visited these clinics for other reasons than collecting contraception as compared to women who visited these clinics to collect contraception.

Conclusion
Home visits by FWAs to respondents’ homes to provide contraception as well as respondents’ visits to satellite and community clinics play a major role in Bangladesh to ensure contraception use and reduce the unmet need for contraception. However, their coverage is quite low in Bangladesh. The findings suggest an urgent need for greater government initiatives to increase the number of FWAs and proper monitoring of them at the field level.
“It’s not us, it’s the government”: Perceptions of a national minority of their representations in the mainstream media during a global pandemic – the case of Israeli Arabs and COVID-19
Authors: Katz Nissim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine how a national minority, in our case Israeli Arabs, perceives its representations in the media during a global pandemic. The importance of this research is in gaining a better understanding of the perceptions of such minorities during global crises so that it can serve as a framework for various similar studies. Israeli Arabs were perceived as those who did not obey the instructions of the Ministry of Health and the government of Israel during the pandemic. Therefore, this study asks: “How and in what ways do Israeli Arabs perceive their representations in the media during the COVID-19 pandemic?” Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to answer this question. The findings show that the interviewees believe that the media did not represent them properly but in a stereotypical way, and that the government and media should have adjusted health instructions in a way that is compatible with their culture. The research concludes that the media have the responsibility of ensuring an overall representation of minorities that is adequate and positive.
Negation in Modern Greek revisited: selecting between two speaker-based accounts
Authors: Veloudis Ioannis 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study holds that negation phenomena in a natural language involve much more than mere logical entailments in some individual’s epistemic model. The unique characteristics of negation, i.e., the persistent diachronic renewal of negative particles cross-linguistically, as well as the prevalent synchronic reinforcement of these particles through emphatic mechanisms, demand an analysis that casts theexpressivespeaker, not her epistemic model, in the leading role. Opting for a comprehensive account of negation in Modern Greek, the present analysis highlights this subjective involvement of the individual and suggests that it is thethinkingand – more important – thefeelingspeaker that directs the distribution of Modern Greek negators.
Cartographic architecture of DP
Authors: Alshamari Murdhy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article argues that DP in Hail Arabic is dominated by a C-domain, with C-layers, adducing empirical evidence from C-particles that interact with DP-internal material,ʔektɪnmarking Topic andzadmarking Contrastive Focus. Analyzing Construct State phenomenon, it is shown thatʔektɪnexclusively marks the possessum N. The possessor DP is marked without a C-particle. The mechanism of topicalizing the possessor DP is via co-indexation with a clitic φ-agreeing with the possessor DP, spelled out on the possessum N, where the possessum N functions asLexical Strategy.Lexical Strategythough is not an option to topicalize the possessum N; the possessor DP cannot host a clitic that φ-agrees with the possessum N. Merger ofʔektɪnis thus motivated on morphological grounds. HA syntax instantiates a C-layer above DP, materialized byʔektɪnwhich φ-agrees with the possessum N, what I termFunctional Strategy. Further, a C-layer encoding Contrastive Focus headed by C-particlezadand a C-layer headed by the Shifting Topic C-particleʕad, both of which mark by movement of the CS-internal constituent, merge above DP and co-occur withʔektɪn. Within the backbones of the Cartographic approach, this phenomenon provides evidence that the DP architecture in HA is ripe for Split-DP analysis.
Relationship between serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels and prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction combined with cerebral-cardiac syndrome
Authors: Chang Qing , Liu Hongna , Zhang Ermiao , Xue Qian , Song Aixia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective:
This research was conducted to discuss the recent prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) combined with cerebral-cardiac syndrome (CCS).

Method:
Eighty-seven patients with ACI were selected, which were divided into the ACI group (52 patients) and the CCS group (35 patients) according to whether the CCS was combined, and another 30 health controls were selected as the control group. Serum hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels of subjects in each group at the 1st day, the 3rd day, and the 7th day after admission were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After discharge for 30 days, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score were utilized to evaluate the prognosis of patients. The role of serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels in the prognosis of ACI combined with CCS patients was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve and the binary logistic regression analysis.

Results:
Higher serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels were observed in the CCS and ACI groups versus the control group, and the levels of which were even higher in the CCS group in comparison to the ACI group. According to the prognosis of the NIHSS score, fasting blood glucose (FBG), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and HIF-1α and VEGF levels at the 7th day of admission were higher while Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score was lower in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group, and the area under the curve (AUC) of serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels was 0.895 (95% confident interval [CI], 0.786–1.000), and 0.855 (95% CI, 0.731–0.980). According to the prognosis of the mRS score, FBG, CK-MB, and HIF-1α and VEGF levels at the 7th day of admission were higher while GCS score was lower in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group, and the AUC of serum HIF-1α and VEGF levels was 0.850 (95% CI, 0.722–0.979) and 0.901 (95% CI, 0.798–1.000). The results of the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that HIF-1α and VEGF levels may be independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of ACI combined with CCS.

Conclusion:
Serum HIF-1α and VEGF have a good predictive value for assessing the recent prognosis of patients with ACI combined with CCS, which could be independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of disease.
The Influence of Serving Leadership Style on Organizational Performance (A Case Study on the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency/BKPSDM Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province)
Authors: Zukri Zukri , Daulay Irfan Syah 
Published: August 2023

The study is intended to determine the influence of servant leadership on the performance of BKPSDM Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. Servant leadership dimensions used in this study are emotional healing, creating value for the community, conceptual skills, empowering, helping subordinate grow and succeed, putting subordinate first, behaving ethically. The analysis technique used is SPSS 24. The results of this study show that the dimensions of servant leadership that have the most positive and significant influence on performance are conceptual skills, ethical behavior, and helping subordinates grow and succeed. The simultaneous effect (R.Square) is 33.9%; it means it’s still other variables that can affect the performance of BKPSDM and this is an opportunity for future researchers.