bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic response of an elliptic cylinder inclusion with imperfect interfaces subjected to plane SH wave
Authors: Luo Hao , Tao Ming , Wu Chengqing , Cao Wenzhuo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnderground chambers or tunnels often contain inclusions, the interface between the inclusion and the surrounding rock is not always perfect, which influences stress wave propagation. In this study, the imperfect interface and transient seismic wave were represented using the spring model and Ricker wavelet. Based on the wave function expansion method and Fourier transform, an analytical formula for the dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) for an elliptical inclusion with imperfect interfaces subjected to a plane SH-wave was determined. The theoretical solution was verified via numerical simulations using the LS-DYNA software, and the results were analyzed. The effects of the wave number (k), radial coordinate (ξ), stiffness parameter (β), and differences in material properties on the dynamic response were evaluated. The numerical results revealed that the maximum DSCF always occurred at both ends of the elliptical minor axis, and the transient DSCF was generally a factor of 2–3 greater than the steady-state DSCF. Changes in k and ξ led to variations in the DSCF value and spatial distribution, changes in β resulted only in variations in the DSCF value, and lower values of ωp and β led to a greater DSCF under the same parameter conditions. In addition, the differences in material properties between the medium and inclusion significantly affected the variation characteristics of the DSCF with k and ξ.
How Pain-Related Facial Expressions Are Evaluated in Relation to Gender, Race, and Emotion
Authors: Dildine Troy C. , Amir Carolyn M. , Parsons Julie , Atlas Lauren Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInequities in pain assessment are well-documented; however, the psychological mechanisms underlying such biases are poorly understood. We investigated potential perceptual biases in the judgments of faces displaying pain-related movements. Across five online studies, 956 adult participants viewed images of computer-generated faces (“targets”) that varied in features related to race (Black and White) and gender (women and men). Target identity was manipulated across participants, and each target had equivalent facial movements that displayed varying intensities of movement in facial action-units related to pain (Studies 1–4) or pain and emotion (Study 5). On each trial, participants provided categorical judgments as to whether a target was in pain (Studies 1–4) or which expression the target displayed (Study 5) and then rated the perceived intensity of the expression. Meta-analyses of Studies 1–4 revealed that movement intensity was positively associated with both categorizing a trial as painful and perceived pain intensity. Target race and gender did not consistently affect pain-related judgments, contrary to well-documented clinical inequities. In Study 5, in which pain was equally likely relative to other emotions, pain was the least frequently selected emotion (5%). Our results suggest that perceivers can utilize facial movements to evaluate pain in other individuals, but perceiving pain may depend on contextual factors. Furthermore, assessments of computer-generated, pain-related facial movements online do not replicate sociocultural biases observed in the clinic. These findings provide a foundation for future studies comparing CGI and real images of pain and emphasize the need for further work on the relationship between pain and emotion.
Geoff Harcourt and Economic Policy: Horses for Courses?
Authors: Green Roy , Harcourt Tim , Junankar PN (Raja) 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGeoff Harcourt was a renowned economist and political activist who made a significant contribution to public policy, particularly in his home country of Australia. As a leading contributor to post-Keynesian theory, he believed a capitalist economy would not create full employment without significant policy intervention. On the labour market, he devised an approach to wage bargaining that integrated fairness with productivity growth in the context of Australia’s unique institutions of conciliation and arbitration. On tariff protection, he was agnostic, preferring a more proactive industry policy grounded in post-Keynesian principles and drawing on his early work on accounting theory and practice. His economic advice to the Australian Labor Party (ALP) Committee of Inquiry in 1979 refocused policy debate around the role of incomes policy, which became the centrepiece of the Hawke-Keating Government’s Accord with the trade union movement.
Restoring Indonesia’s (Un)Constitutional Constitution: Soepomo’s Authoritarian Constitution
Authors: Satrio Abdurrachman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe recent years saw the rise in discourse to undo the liberal-democratic amendments introduced between 1999 and 2002 and restore the Indonesian 1945 Constitution to its original 1945 version. Some Indonesian public figures believe that these amendments are not legitimate, because they are deemed to have eliminated the basic values of the original 1945 Constitution which was built on the “integralist” concept as propounded by its main architect Soepomo. According to the integralist conception, the state should be seen as a family in which the government played a role as a wise father who can bring its people to the right choice. This article seeks to prove that these amendments are legitimate although they constitute a “dismemberment” of the original 1945 Constitution. This is because the original 1945 Constitution was formed only by a handful of elites in an institution established by the Japanese occupying power in early 1945. By contrast, the Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (People’s Consultative Assembly) who was in charge of the four amendments to the 1945 Constitution had a greater democratic legitimacy compared to the drafters of the original Constitution given that they were elected through the 1999 elections. Furthermore, the original 1945 Constitution was never intended to operate beyond the Indonesian revolutionary period, which ended in 1949. It was expected that the document be significantly changed or even replaced by the People’s Consultative Assembly through the amendment process.
Opportunities for improving data sharing and FAIR data practices to advance global mental health
Authors: Sadeh Yaara , Denejkina Anna , Karyotaki Eirini , Lenferink Lonneke I. M. , Kassam-Adams Nancy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is crucial to optimize global mental health research to address the high burden of mental health challenges and mental illness for individuals and societies. Data sharing and reuse have demonstrated value for advancing science and accelerating knowledge development. The FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) Guiding Principles for scientific data provide a framework to improve the transparency, efficiency, and impact of research. In this review, we describe ethical and equity considerations in data sharing and reuse, delineate the FAIR principles as they apply to mental health research, and consider the current state of FAIR data practices in global mental health research, identifying challenges and opportunities. We describe noteworthy examples of collaborative efforts, often across disciplinary and national boundaries, to improve Findability and Accessibility of global mental health data, as well as efforts to create integrated data resources and tools that improve Interoperability and Reusability. Based on this review, we suggest a vision for the future of FAIR global mental health research and suggest practical steps for researchers with regard to study planning, data preservation and indexing, machine-actionable metadata, data reuse to advance science and improve equity, metrics and recognition.
Tunable compact asynchronous optical sampling system using Er-doped fiber laser
Authors: Zhao Zilin , Luo Daping , Liu Yang , Deng Zejiang , Zhou Lian , Xie Gehui , Gu Chenglin , Yang Yanzhao , Wu Bin , Li Wenxue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We report a compact, tunable, self-starting, all-fiber laser-based asynchronous optical sampling (ASOPS) system. Two Er-doped fiber oscillators were used as the pulsed-laser source, whose repetition rate could be set at 100 MHz with a tuning range of 1.25 MHz through a fiber delay line. By employing phase-locked and temperature control loops, the repetition rate offset of the two lasers was stabilized with 7.13 × 10−11 fractional instability at an average time of 1 s. Its capabilities in the terahertz regime were demonstrated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, achieving a spectral bandwidth of 3 THz with a dynamic range of 30 dB. The large range of repetition rate adjustment in our ASOPS system has the potential to be a powerful tool in the terahertz regime.
Categorizing People in the New States: A Comparative Study of Communist China and North Korea
Authors: Wang Juan , Kim Jung Eun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhat motivates states’ choice of social classification? Existing explanations highlight scientific beliefs of modern states or social engineering by ideological regimes. Focusing on the initial state-building period of two Communist regimes, China and North Korea, this article complements the existing literature and suggests that social classification reflects three missions of political leaders: regime distinction, governance, and power consolidation. Population categories are created to distinguish the new government from the old, to selectively provide welfare, and to attack political opponents. The varying weight of the missions and their manifestation in social classification depend on new ruling elites’ cohesion and past experiences. This comparative historical analysis sheds light on the rise of political chaos in China and the personalistic dictatorship in North Korea in the 1970s.
Collective Memory in Post-Genocide Societies: Rethinking Enduring Trauma and Resilience in Halabja
Authors: Karim Hawraman Fariq , Baser Bahar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the collective memory that occurred as a result of the chemical attack on Halabja, on March 16, 1988. In light of discussions that deal with memory and reconciliation in post-genocide societies, we look at how collective memory and “postmemory” are formed among the survivors and their descendants. The merit of the article is that it brings together the victim's accounts and creates a bottom-up perspective that challenges the official accounts created by Kurdish and non-Kurdish elites as part of top-down narratives on what happened that day in Halabja and how it should be commemorated. The interviewee narratives illustrate that people of Halabja consider the memory of the chemical attack as an enduring trauma that creates a shared rendering of the past and continues to shape their collective identity. While each generation transfers this collective memory to the next, they also seek justice via shared commemoration practices outside official discourses. In their narratives, reprobation is not directed solely toward the Saddam Hussein regime, but also toward the current rulers of the Kurdistan Region as well.
Gender Roles and Feminism: The Experience of Barzani Single Mothers
Authors: Sadiq Ibrahim , Fattah Media 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnder the leadership of the Baʿthists, in 1983, the Iraqi state arrested some 5,000-8,000 members, all male, of the Barzani tribe of Kurds and subsequently killed them. The mothers, wives, and children of these men were put into compounds controlled by Iraqi security forces. As a result, thousands of children were left without their fathers and hundreds of wives were suddenly left widowed. In a society where patriarchy dominates the homelife, single mothers were left with the challenges of taking up the role of their male partners. The very definition of motherhood transformed as they rose to meet the incredible tasks ahead of them, and indeed, the experience dismantled stereotypical images of motherhood, but not without untold pain and suffering. In this study, an attempt is made to shed light on the experiences of these lonely Barzani mothers and how they were affected by their altered gender roles.
The use of variable camber to reduce drag, weight and costs of transport aircraft
Authors: Spillman J. J. 
Published: March 2023

It was while lecturing at Cranfield in the late 1970s and early 80s on the aerodynamic design of aircraft wings that the ideas discussed in this paper began to develop. My work on wing tip sails had led me to look in some detail at the flight of birds and their ability to vary wing camber. I realised that this was an attractive way to overcome the need to compromise between the design requirements associated with the different regimes of flight necessary with fixed geometry.To be economically attractive, civil aircraft have to be capable of operating over a wide range of flight conditions. For example, an executive jet may be required to fly fast and low at light weight over a short stage length, such as London to Paris, on one day, and fly heavily loaded a much longer stage length the next, when it is desirable for the aircraft to fly high and at an economical speed.
36th Roy Chadwick Lecture — Manufacturing Breakout 1941-1991. Development in aerospace industry manufacturing techniques
Authors: Summerfield P. H. 
Published: March 2023

Fifty years ago, the A.V. Roe Team took the Lancaster four engined bomber (Fig. 1) from concept to first flight in a period of about nine months. Under the driving pressures of War and with an outstanding approach to the challenges of the project, a number of key concepts emerged, which are still considered modern and innovative today:
Teamworking and leadershipDesign for ease of productionSimultaneous engineeringMaterials and parts supply logisticsThis approach considered the aircraft engineering process as a whole and kept the ultimate aims of the project uppermost.The project achieved remarkable manufacturing performance targets; assembly of 49 aircraft per week at peak production, combined with a three and a half day assembly lead time.After the War, the need to manufacture aircraft in large volumes decreased and at the same time rapid technical advancements dramatically increased aircraft complexity. The nature of the industry changed and the balanced application of design engineering and manufacturing logistics that had made Lancaster manufacture so successful, became of secondary importance. During the 1970s and 1980s improvements in manufacturing within the aerospace industry were fragmented and now, at the beginning of 1990s, when the UK aerospace industry is compared with other sophisticated, high-technology industries, most business performance indicators are firmly at the bottom of the league (Fig. 2).
‘The first fifty years of composite materials in aircraft construction’
Authors: Middleton D. H. 
Published: March 2023

The title of this article may surprise those who look upon composites as a recent innovation. The first major step was taken in 1940 when Dr Norman de Bruyne's Aero Research Ltd of Duxford, now part of the Ciba-Geigy Group, built a Spitfire fuselage in Aerolite, a material developed by them comprising flax thread skeined and impregnated with a phenolic resin and formed in a heated press. The project arose as a safeguard against a possible war-time shortage of aluminium alloys. Tests at RAE proved entirely satisfactory whilst the weight was the same as the metal version, see Figs 1-3.In 1947 Turner Brothers developed a chrysotile asbestos fibre reinforced phenolic resin called Durestos. The wings of the experimental Fairey Delta E10/47 were built from it and were the first primary composite structures to be flown.Since those days immense strides have been made in the use of advanced composites, most modern civil and military aircraft taking advantage of their unique properties.
Technical Note— Hydrogen combustion in a hypersonic airstream
Authors: Casey R. T. , Stalker R. J. , Brescianini C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An experimental and computational investigation of hypervelocity, hypersonic combustion of hydrogen with air is described which was intended to confirm the presence of combustion at these conditions and then to gauge the pressure rise associated with the heat release of combustion. Experiments were conducted in a square cross section duct and wall pressure was measured. It was found that combustion did occur and that the maximum pressure increase was approximately 72% over the intake pressure.
A low-speed aerodynamic model for harmonically oscillating aircraft configurations
Authors: Singh N. , Bhattacharya S. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryAn economical numerical method has been developed to calculate unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft configurations, undergoing small amplitude simple harmonic motion in various laterally symmetric modes of oscillation, in inviscid incompressible flow, by taking advantage of the computational efficiency of internal distribution of singularities. The only approximation introduced in the method is the linearisation of the problem with respect to the amplitude of oscillation. A number of comparisons have been made to demonstrate the effects of different aircraft components on wing or tail pressure, and lift distributions.
Progress towards quieter civil helicopters
Authors: Lowson M.V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA review of recent developments in helicopter noise reduction is presented. The paper includes a discussion of the present state of understanding of helicopter noise radiation mechanisms and a review of actual noise reductions achieved by the manufacturers over the past decade. An analysis of progress achieved in meeting certification limits is given, together with an evaluation of the impact on design. Future trends in helicopter noise reduction based on current noise research programmes are discussed and suggestions advanced for possible additional areas of study.
BOUNDS FOR FUNCTIONALS DEFINED ON A CERTAIN CLASS OF MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS
Authors: BHOWMIK BAPPADITYA , PARVEEN FIRDOSHI 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe obtain bounds for certain functionals defined on a class of meromorphic functions in the unit disc of the complex plane with a nonzero simple pole. These bounds are sharp in a certain sense. We also discuss possible applications of this result. Finally, we generalise the result to meromorphic functions with more than one simple pole.
Punishment, Patronage, and the Revenue Extraction Process in Pharaonic Egypt
Authors: Fagbore Adam Simon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe processes of control and collection are prominent themes throughout pharaonic history. However, the extent that the central regime attempted to administer agricultural fields to collect revenues directly from the farmer who actually worked the land is unclear during the pharaonic period (c.2686–1069). Relations between those involved in agricultural cultivation and local headships of extended families and wider kinship groups were deeply embedded within a broad range of interpersonal discourses, behaviours, and practices. Village headmen and officials at all levels of an impersonalized “state” hierarchy were themselves landholders who drew income from the land and were held responsible for collecting revenues from their fields. It is therefore necessary to define, with a focus on the imperatives of a subsistence economy, who was working the land and what the relationship was between them, the headmen, and those from within outside power structures (in the context of direct intervention against specific groups of the population). To address these points, I will focus on revenue extraction as a “state” process, how it was connected to the role of punishment, and its impact on local hierarchies (the targets of revenue extraction).
A MODIFICATION TO THE SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION FOR BROADER BANDWIDTH GRAVITY-CAPILLARY WAVES ON DEEP WATER WITH DEPTH-UNIFORM CURRENT
Authors: HALDER SOURAV , DHAR ASOKE KUMAR 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe derive a nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the propagation of the three-dimensional broader bandwidth gravity-capillary waves including the effect of depth-uniform current. In this derivation, the restriction of narrow bandwidth constraint is extended, so that this equation will be more appropriate for application to a realistic sea wave spectrum. From this equation, an instability condition is obtained and then instability regions in the perturbed wavenumber space for a uniform wave train are drawn, which are in good agreement with the exact numerical results. As it turns out, the corrections to the stability properties that occur at the fourth-order term arise from an interaction between the mean flow and the frequency-dispersion term. Since the frequency-dispersion term, in the absence of depth-uniform current, for pure capillary waves is of opposite sign for pure gravity waves, so too are the corrections to the instability properties.
Cell painting transfer increases screening hit rate
Authors: Cohen Ethan , Corbe Maxime , Franco Cláudio A. , Vasconcelos Francisca F. , Perez Franck , Del Nery Elaine , Bollot Guillaume , Genovesio Auguste 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Drug discovery uses high throughput screening to identify compounds that interact with a molecular target or that alter a phenotype favorably. The cautious selection of molecules used for such a screening is instrumental and is tightly related to the hit rate. In this work, we wondered if cell painting, a general-purpose image-based assay, could be used as an efficient proxy for compound selection, thus increasing the success rate of a specific assay. To this end, we considered cell painting images with 30,000 molecules treatments, and selected compounds that produced a visual effect close to the positive control of an assay, by using the Frechet Inception Distance. We then compared the hit rates of such a preselection with what was actually obtained in real screening campaigns. As a result, cell painting would have permitted a significant increase in the success rate and, even for one of the assays, would have allowed to reach 80% of the hits with 10 times fewer compounds to test. We conclude that images of a cell painting assay can be directly used for compound selection prior to screening, and we provide a simple quantitative approach in order to do so.