bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gradient boosting machine learning model to predict aflatoxins in Iowa corn
Authors: Branstad-Spates Emily H. , Castano-Duque Lina , Mosher Gretchen A. , Hurburgh Charles R. , Owens Phillip , Winzeler Edwin , Rajasekaran Kanniah , Bowers Erin L. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionAflatoxin (AFL), a secondary metabolite produced from filamentous fungi, contaminates corn, posing significant health and safety hazards for humans and livestock through toxigenic and carcinogenic effects. Corn is widely used as an essential commodity for food, feed, fuel, and export markets; therefore, AFL mitigation is necessary to ensure food and feed safety within the United States (US) and elsewhere in the world. In this case study, an Iowa-centric model was developed to predict AFL contamination using historical corn contamination, meteorological, satellite, and soil property data in the largest corn-producing state in the US.MethodsWe evaluated the performance of AFL prediction with gradient boosting machine (GBM) learning and feature engineering in Iowa corn for two AFL risk thresholds for high contamination events: 20-ppb and 5-ppb. A 90%–10% training-to-testing ratio was utilized in 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2021 (n = 630), with independent validation using the year 2020 (n = 376).ResultsThe GBM model had an overall accuracy of 96.77% for AFL with a balanced accuracy of 50.00% for a 20-ppb risk threshold, whereas GBM had an overall accuracy of 90.32% with a balanced accuracy of 64.88% for a 5-ppb threshold. The GBM model had a low power to detect high AFL contamination events, resulting in a low sensitivity rate. Analyses for AFL showed satellite-acquired vegetative index during August significantly improved the prediction of corn contamination at the end of the growing season for both risk thresholds. Prediction of high AFL contamination levels was linked to aflatoxin risk indices (ARI) in May. However, ARI in July was an influential factor for the 5-ppb threshold but not for the 20-ppb threshold. Similarly, latitude was an influential factor for the 20-ppb threshold but not the 5-ppb threshold. Furthermore, soil-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) influenced both risk thresholds.DiscussionDeveloping these AFL prediction models is practical and implementable in commodity grain handling environments to achieve the goal of preventative rather than reactive mitigations. Finding predictors that influence AFL risk annually is an important cost-effective risk tool and, therefore, is a high priority to ensure hazard management and optimal grain utilization to maximize the utility of the nation’s corn crop.
Exploring the cortical habituation in migraine patients based on contingent negative variation
Authors: Ning Jinru , Zhang Yongxiang , Wang Yan , Liu Chang , Cheng Yingying , Zhu Mingqin , Dong Ming , Yang Xin , Lv Yudan 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCognitive dysfunction has frequently been found in patients with migraine. The so-called contingent negative variation (CNV) and EEG power spectral densities may be the best choices to explore the underlining pathophysiology, such as cortical inhibition and habituation.MethodsThirty migraine patients without aura and healthy controls matched for sex, age, and education were recruited separately for CNV recording. The amplitudes, latencies, and squares of different CNV components, such as oCNV, iCNV, tCNV, and PINV, were selected and analyzed. Behavioral data, such as manual reaction time (RT), were analyzed. We used the Person correlation coefficient R to analyze different ERP components in relation to clinical characteristics. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for the migraine group. Spectral analysis of EEG data from all channels using the fast Fourier transform (FFT).ResultsThe migraine group had longer A-latency, C-latency, and iCNV-latency than the control group. The migraine group had higher iCNV-amplitude, oCNV-amplitude, and tCNV-amplitude than the control group, especially those located in the occipital area. The iCNV-square, oCNV-square, tCNV-square, or PINV-square in the migraine group was significantly larger than the control group. Different correlations were found between clinical characteristics and ERP components. The delta or theta activity in the migraine group was statistically lower than in the control group.DiscussionOur study has revealed that migraine attacks may influence responsivity, pre-activation, habituation, and cortical inhibition not only on the behavioral level but also on the electrophysiological level. Abnormal changes in cortical habituation and inhibition can be interpreted as CNV components. Additionally, analyses have revealed correlations between CNV components and various factors, including age, the clinical course of the condition, attack frequency, pain intensity, and duration. Thus, repetitive migraine attacks can lead to a reduction in cortical inhibition and subsequent impairment in executive function.
NeuroBridge: a prototype platform for discovery of the long-tail neuroimaging data
Authors: Wang Lei , Ambite José Luis , Appaji Abhishek , Bijsterbosch Janine , Dockes Jerome , Herrick Rick , Kogan Alex , Lander Howard , Marcus Daniel , Moore Stephen M. , Poline Jean-Baptiste , Rajasekar Arcot , Sahoo Satya S. , Turner Matthew D. , Wang Xiaochen , Wang Yue , Turner Jessica A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionOpen science initiatives have enabled sharing of large amounts of already collected data. However, significant gaps remain regarding how to find appropriate data, including underutilized data that exist in the long tail of science. We demonstrate the NeuroBridge prototype and its ability to search PubMed Central full-text papers for information relevant to neuroimaging data collected from schizophrenia and addiction studies.MethodsThe NeuroBridge architecture contained the following components: (1) Extensible ontology for modeling study metadata: subject population, imaging techniques, and relevant behavioral, cognitive, or clinical data. Details are described in the companion paper in this special issue; (2) A natural-language based document processor that leveraged pre-trained deep-learning models on a small-sample document corpus to establish efficient representations for each article as a collection of machine-recognized ontological terms; (3) Integrated search using ontology-driven similarity to query PubMed Central and NeuroQuery, which provides fMRI activation maps along with PubMed source articles.ResultsThe NeuroBridge prototype contains a corpus of 356 papers from 2018 to 2021 describing schizophrenia and addiction neuroimaging studies, of which 186 were annotated with the NeuroBridge ontology. The search portal on the NeuroBridge website https://neurobridges.org/ provides an interactive Query Builder, where the user builds queries by selecting NeuroBridge ontology terms to preserve the ontology tree structure. For each return entry, links to the PubMed abstract as well as to the PMC full-text article, if available, are presented. For each of the returned articles, we provide a list of clinical assessments described in the Section “Methods” of the article. Articles returned from NeuroQuery based on the same search are also presented.ConclusionThe NeuroBridge prototype combines ontology-based search with natural-language text-mining approaches to demonstrate that papers relevant to a user’s research question can be identified. The NeuroBridge prototype takes a first step toward identifying potential neuroimaging data described in full-text papers. Toward the overall goal of discovering “enough data of the right kind,” ongoing work includes validating the document processor with a larger corpus, extending the ontology to include detailed imaging data, and extracting information regarding data availability from the returned publications and incorporating XNAT-based neuroimaging databases to enhance data accessibility.
Pupil light reflex dynamics in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Tsitsi Panagiota , Nilsson Mattias , Waldthaler Josefine , Öqvist Seimyr Gustaf , Larsson Olof , Svenningsson Per , Markaki Ioanna 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionVisual disturbance is common symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and defective pupil light reflex (PLR) is an anticipated contributing factor that may be associated to the presence of autonomic dysfunction, which is a common non-motor feature of PD. Studies investigating the intercorrelation between PLR and dysautonomia in PD are limited.MethodsThe aim of this study was to investigate differences of PLR parameters, measured by eye-tracker, between patients with PD, with and without signs of dysautonomia, and healthy controls (HC). In total, 43 HC and 50 patients with PD were recruited and PLR parameters were measured with Tobii Pro Spectrum, during a long (1,000 ms) and a short (100 ms) light stimulus. Presence of orthostatic hypotension (OH) was used as proxy marker of dysautonomia. Linear mixed-effects model and non-parametric comparative statistics were applied to investigate differences among groups.ResultsPeak constriction velocity was slower in PD compared with HC, after adjustment for age and sex in the mixed model, and the difference was greater in the subgroup of PD with OH (unadjusted). Dilation amplitude and velocity were also gradually slower in HC vs. PD without OH vs. PD with OH (unadjusted for confounders). In the mixed model, age was significant predictor of dilation response.DiscussionOur results support previous observations on defective PLR in PD, evaluated with eye-tracker, and show a possible association with autonomic dysfunction. Further studies with more patients and rigorous evaluation of autonomic dysfunction are needed to validate these findings.
Cross-species evaluation of fibroblast activation protein alpha as potential imaging target for soft tissue sarcoma: a comparative immunohistochemical study in humans, dogs, and cats
Authors: Beer Patricia , Pauli Chantal , Haberecker Martina , Grest Paula , Beebe Erin , Fuchs Daniel , Markkanen Enni , Krudewig Christiane , Nolff Mirja Christine 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionComplete surgical tumor resection is paramount in the management of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in humans, dogs, and cats alike. Near-infrared targeted tracers for fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) could facilitate intraoperative visualization of the tumor and improve resection accuracy. Target identification is complicated in STS due to the rarity and heterogeneity of the disease. This study aims to validate the expression of fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) in selected human, canine, and feline STS subtypes to assess the value of FAP as a target for FGS and to validate companion animals as a translational model.MethodsFormalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 53 canine STSs (perivascular wall tumor (PWT), canine fibrosarcoma (cFS), and STS not further specified (NOS)), 24 feline fibrosarcomas, and 39 human STSs (myxofibrosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor) as well as six canine and seven feline healthy controls and 10 inflamed tissue samples were immunohistochemically stained for their FAP expression. FAP labeling in tumor, peritumoral, healthy skin, and inflamed tissue samples was quantified using a visually assessed semiquantitative expression score and digital image analysis. Target selection criteria (TASC) scoring was subsequently performed as previously described.ResultsEighty-five percent (85%) of human (33/39), 76% of canine (40/53), and 92% of feline (22/24) STSs showed FAP positivity in over 10% of the tumor cells. A high expression was determined in 53% canine (28/53), 67% feline (16/24), and 44% human STSs (17/39). The average FAP-labeled area of canine, feline, and human STSs was 31%, 33%, and 42%, respectively (p &gt; 0.8990). The FAP-positive tumor area was larger in STS compared to healthy and peritumoral tissue samples (p &lt; 0.0001). TASC scores were above 18 for all feline and human STS subtypes and canine PWTs but not for canine STS NOS and cFS.ConclusionThis study represents the first cross-species target evaluation of FAP for STS. Our results demonstrate that FAP expression is increased in various STS subtypes compared to non-cancerous tissues across species, thereby validating dogs and cats as suitable animal models. Based on a TASC score, FAP could be considered a target for FGS.
Pediatric pulmonary infection caused by oral obligate anaerobes: Case Series
Authors: Zhijun Lai , Wenhai Yang , Peibin Zeng , Qingming Luo 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundPneumonia is quite common in people with chronic bedridden, severe malnutrition and underlying diseases of cerebral palsy. Although poor oral hygiene and inadequate airway protection are risk factors, case reports of childhood pneumonia caused by oral obligate anaerobes are rare.IntroductionWe reported 4 cases of oral anaerobic pneumonia and empyema diagnosed by the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of our hospital.DiscussionNo bacteria were detected in sputum bacterial culture, pleural water bacterial culture and blood culture of the four children. Considering that multiple sputum cultures were negative, the pleural effusion and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify the pathogen causing pneumonia. The results found oral obligate anaerobes represented by Parvimonas micra and Porphyromonas gingivalis. After identifying the pathogenic bacteria, we changed to piperacillin tazobactam combined with metronidazole for anti-infection treatment, and the pneumonia in the above patients was improved. In addition, all four patients had different basic medical histories, and long-term bed rest, severe malnutrition, poor oral hygiene and insufficient airway protection were all high risk factors for oral anaerobic pneumonia in these children.ConclusionOral obligate anaerobes are one of the pathogens to consider for pneumonia in the elderly, but they may be easily overlooked in pediatric groups. Therefore, when receiving children with high-risk factors, we should be alert to the possibility of oral obligate anaerobic bacteria infection. Educating family members to pay attention to children's oral hygiene plays an important role in preventing oral obligatory anaerobic bacteria pneumonia. NGS can be used as a rapid diagnostic method when sputum culture cannot distinguish between pathogens.
Short-term antithrombotic strategies after left atrial appendage occlusion: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Li-Man , Chen Yan , Xu Li-Li , Dai Meng-Fei , Ke Yi-Jun , Wang Bao-Yan , Zhou Lin , Zhang Ji-Fan , Wu Zhang-Qi , Zhou Yu-Jie , Gu Zhi-Chun , Xu Hang 
Published: September 2023

Background: Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as a stroke prevention strategy in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), and these patients were required to receive antithrombotic therapy post-procedure. However, the optimal antithrombotic strategy after LAAO remains controversial. This study explored the safety and efficacy of different antithrombotic strategies after LAAO through a network comparison method.Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies that reported the interested efficacy and safety outcomes (stroke, device-related thrombus (DRT), and major bleeding) of different antithrombotic strategies [DAPT (dual antiplatelet therapy), DOACs (direct oral anticoagulants), and VKA (vitamin k antagonist)] in patients who had experienced LAAO. Pairwise comparisons and network meta-analysis were performed for the interested outcomes. Risk ratios (RRs) with their confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. The rank of the different strategies was calculated using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA).Results: Finally, 10 observational studies involving 1,674 patients were included. There was no significant difference in stroke, DRT, and major bleeding among the different antithrombotic strategies (DAPT, DOACs, and VKA). Furthermore, DAPT ranked the worst in terms of stroke (SUCRA: 19.8%), DRT (SUCRA: 3.6%), and major bleeding (SUCRA: 6.6%). VKA appeared to be superior to DOACs in terms of stroke (SUCRA: 74.9% vs. 55.3%) and DRT (SUCRA: 82.3% vs. 64.1%) while being slightly inferior to DOACs in terms of major bleeding (SUCRA: 71.0% vs. 72.4%).Conclusion: No significant difference was found among patients receiving DAPT, DOACs, and VKA in terms of stroke, DRT, and major bleeding events after LAAO. The SUCRA indicated that DAPT was ranked the worst among all antithrombotic strategies due to the higher risk of stroke, DRT, and major bleeding events, while VKAs were ranked the preferred antithrombotic strategy. However, DOACs are worthy of consideration due to their advantage of convenience.
A new scale to assess technostress levels in an Italian banking context: the Work-Related Technostress Questionnaire
Authors: Porcari Desirée Estela , Ricciardi Emiliano , Orfei Maria Donata 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionTechnostress (TS) represents a multidimensional phenomenon closely related to the pervasive use of information and communication technologies. This study aimed to validate a new psychometric tool for assessing TS in an Italian banking context, the Work-Related Technostress – Questionnaire (WRT-Q). Secondly, we analyzed the role of gender and age in modulating TS manifestations.MethodsA sample of 2,586 bank employees (51% females; age: 47.26  ±  8.6) underwent an online survey. Reliability, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), ANCOVA, independent sample t-test, and correlation analyses were performed.ResultsThe WRT-Q consisted of 17 items and a four-factor structure, supported by the following CFA indices: Comparative Fit Index (CFI)  =  0.985; Incremental Fit Index (IFI)  =  0.985; Goodness of Fit (GFI)  =  0.988; Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA)  =  0.071; and SRMR  =  0.062. A significant difference in TS levels between age classes emerged (p &lt; 0.001) with higher levels in the over 55-year-old subgroup, while no statistically significant difference emerged for gender. Moreover, the whole sample found a significant positive association between age and TS (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionThe WRT-Q is a new instrument to measure TS in the workplace, it can contribute to highlighting adverse outcomes in individuals due to a dysfunctional interaction with ICT.
Building a postgraduate psychiatry training program in Liberia through cross-country collaborations: initiation stages, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Ghebrehiwet Senait , Ogundare Temitope , Owusu Micaela , Harris Benjamin L. , Ojediran Babawale , Touma Mia , Durham Michelle P. , Hook Kimberly , Borba Christina P. C. , Henderson David C. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundAbout 80% of the nearly 2 billion people experiencing psychiatric conditions worldwide do not have access to quality, affordable mental health care. In Africa, there are 0.004 psychiatrists per 10,000 people, with the shortage exacerbated by a limited number of postgraduate psychiatry training opportunities. As of 2018, there were only two psychiatrists in Liberia.MethodsThis paper aims to offer a framework for developing postgraduate (i.e., residency) psychiatry training in resource-constrained settings to disseminate best practices and lessons learned. This article describes the approach to developing the formal global academic partnership that supported the initiation of Liberia’s first postgraduate psychiatry training program in July 2019.ResultsAuthors describe strengths, challenges, and opportunities for improvement in the planning and initiation stages of the postgraduate program. Key strengths of the program planning process include: (1) collaboration with a coalition of local and national stakeholders committed to improving mental health care in Liberia; (2) early procurement of quality video conferencing equipment and internet service to facilitate remote learning and broaden access to digital materials; and (3) leveraging of intra-continental partnerships for subspecialty training. Challenges experienced include: (1) navigating the intricacies of local political and administrative processes; (2) recruiting candidates to a medical specialty with historically lower salaries; and (3) the added burden placed on the limited number of local specialists. Identified opportunities include building a monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) framework, further diversifying subspecialty areas of psychiatric and neurological training, and obtaining full accreditation of the postgraduate psychiatry program through the West African College of Physicians (WACP).ConclusionThe successful launch of the postgraduate psychiatry training program in Liberia is attributed to several factors, including a long-standing academic collaboration of over 10 years and support for mental health capacity-building efforts at national and local levels.
Application note: TDbasedUFE and TDbasedUFEadv: bioconductor packages to perform tensor decomposition based unsupervised feature extraction
Authors: Taguchi Y-h. , Turki Turki 
Published: September 2023

MotivationTensor decomposition (TD)-based unsupervised feature extraction (FE) has proven effective for a wide range of bioinformatics applications ranging from biomarker identification to the identification of disease-causing genes and drug repositioning. However, TD-based unsupervised FE failed to gain widespread acceptance due to the lack of user-friendly tools for non-experts.ResultsWe developed two bioconductor packages—TDbasedUFE and TDbasedUFEadv—that enable researchers unfamiliar with TD to utilize TD-based unsupervised FE. The packages facilitate the identification of differentially expressed genes and multiomics analysis. TDbasedUFE was found to outperform two state-of-the-art methods, such as DESeq2 and DIABLO.Availability and implementationTDbasedUFE and TDbasedUFEadv are freely available as R/Bioconductor packages, which can be accessed at https://bioconductor.org/packages/TDbasedUFE and https://bioconductor.org/packages/TDbasedUFEadv, respectively.
The reaction rate of radiative n8Li capture in the range from 0.01 to 10 T9
Authors: Dubovichenko S. B. , Yeleusheva B. M. , Burkova N. A. , Tkachenko A. S. 
Published: September 2023

Within the modified potential cluster model (MPCM) with forbidden states, the total cross sections are calculated for capture in the ground and first excited states of the9Li nucleus in then8Li channel in the energy range from 10−5 eV to 5 MeV based onЕ1 andM1 transitions. The experimentally proved resonance atEc.m.= 0.232 MeV in the4P5/2wave andab initio-predicted4P3/2resonance at 1.32 MeV [Phys. Rev. C 103, 035801 (2021)] are considered. The strong impact of the asymptotic constant and channel spectroscopic factors on the total capture cross sections are responsible for the variation in the absolute values within factor two. As a consequence, the thermal cross sections areσtherm=24–46.8 mb. The evaluation ofσthermbased on the extrapolation ofab initiocross sections yields ∼85 mb. The reaction rate is calculated in the temperature range from 0.01 to 10T9. The reported reaction rates are compared at the benchmark point 1T9. The comparison of two datasets [Phys. Rev. C 103, 035801 (2021) and Phys. Rev. C 105, 064608 (2022)] on reaction rates recently calculated in microscopic models in extended temperature intervals shows the essential quantitative and qualitative differences. The comparative joint analysis of the reaction rates of radiative neutron capture on the lithium isotopes6,7,8Li is suggested for the choice of an optimal interval for the asymptotic constants.