bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life measures used with Indigenous children/youth in the Pacific Rim: a scoping review
Authors: McCarty Georgia , Wyeth Emma H , Sullivan Trudy , Crengle Sue , Nelson Vicky , Derrett Sarah 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo identify and describe (1) which health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures have been used with Indigenous children/youth (aged 8–17 years) within the Pacific Rim; and (2) studies that refer to Indigenous health concepts in the use of child/youth HRQoL measures.DesignA scoping review.Data sourcesOvid (Medline), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched up until 25 June 2020.Eligibility criteriaEligible papers were identified by two independent reviewers. Eligible papers were written in English, published between January 1990 and June 2020 and included an HRQoL measure used in research with Indigenous child/youth populations (aged between 8 and 17 years) in the Pacific Rim region.Data extraction and synthesisData extracted included study characteristics (year, country, Indigenous population, Indigenous sample size, age group), HRQoL measure characteristics (generic or condition-specific measure, child or adult measure, who completed the measure(s), dimensions, items and response scale of measure) and consideration of Indigenous concepts (created for Indigenous population, modified for Indigenous population, validated for Indigenous population, reliability in Indigenous populations, Indigenous involvement, reference to Indigenous theories/models/frameworks).ResultsAfter removing duplicates, 1393 paper titles and abstracts were screened, and 543 had full-text review for eligibility. Of these, 40 full-text papers were eligible, reporting on 32 unique studies. Twenty-nine HRQoL measures were used across eight countries. Thirty-three papers did not acknowledge Indigenous concepts of health, and only two measures were specifically created for use with Indigenous populations.ConclusionsThere is a paucity of research investigating HRQoL measures used with Indigenous children/youth and a lack of involvement of Indigenous peoples in the development and use of HRQoL measures. We strongly recommend explicit consideration of Indigenous concepts when developing, validating, assessing and using HRQoL measures with Indigenous populations.
Rectus abdominis and rectus femoris muscle thickness in determining nutritional risk in critically ill patients: a prospective cohort study in Turkey
Authors: Gürsoy Canan , Alkan Aslı , Kaya Çubuk Emine , Karcı Efsane , Yılmaz Hüseyin Oğuz , Çakır Tümay 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesMalnutrition is a clinical condition that is frequently seen in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Although there are many scoring systems and tools used to determine nutritional risk, those that can be used in critically ill patients in the ICU are very few. The scoring systems used are insufficient to identify ICU patients with malnutrition or at risk.Malnutrition is generally presented with a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength. Therefore, in many recent studies, attention has been drawn to the relationship between nutritional status and loss of muscle mass.DesignA cohort study.SettingForty-five patients hospitalised in an anaesthesia ICU in Turkey were included in the study.ParticipantsPatients aged 18 years and older.InterventionsDemographic data of patients included in the study, and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) and Modified Nutrition Risk in Critically ill (mNUTRIC) scores in the first 24 hours of ICU admission were noted. Rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) and rectus femoris muscle (RFM) thicknesses were measured by the same person (intensive care specialist) with ultrasonography (USG).Outcome measuresFinding a quantitative and practical evaluation method by determining the correlation of measurement of RAM and RFM thickness with USG with NRS-2002 and mNUTRIC score, which are scoring systems used to assess nutritional risk.ResultsThe performance of RAM and RFM thickness in determining nutritional status was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Area under the ROC curves were calculated as >0.7 for RFM and RAM measurements (p<0.05). Specificity and sensitivity percentages of RAM were found to be higher than RFM in determining nutritional status.ConclusionThis study showed that RAM and RFM thickness measured by USG can be a reliable and easily applicable quantitative method that can be used to determine nutritional risk in the ICU.
Winter wheat responses to enhanced efficiency granular nitrogen fertilizer in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Wang Z. , Owens J.L. , Thomas B.W. , Hao X. , Coles K. , Holzapfel C. , Rahmani E. , Karimi R. , Gill K.S. , Beres B.L. 
Published: March 2023

Optimizing the timing of nitrogen (N) enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) may maximize winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, protein content, and N-use efficiency (NUE). From 2013 to 2018, experiments were conducted at two irrigated and six rain-fed sites across the Canadian Prairies (24 site-years) to evaluate winter wheat responses to N source and timing/placement effects of EEFs. Nitrogen sources included untreated urea, nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin treated urea, urease inhibitor N-( n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) plus nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD)-treated urea (NBPT + DCD), and polymer-coated urea (PCU). The N sources were all side-banded at planting, 30% side-banded at planting plus 70% broadcast in-crop late-fall (averaged 38 days after planting; split-applied late-fall), or 30% side-banded at planting plus 70% broadcast in-crop early-spring (averaged 224 days after planting; split-applied early-spring). Nitrous oxide and methane emissions were measured at one rain-fed site to test whether N source and timing/placement influenced CO2-equivalents (CO2-eq; nitrous oxide + methane). Under irrigation, NBPT + DCD consistently produced the highest yields regardless of timing/placement; however, the 80% of the recommended rate caused suboptimal protein responses (≤11%) unless split-application of N was adopted. Untreated urea produced the highest net CO2-eq and yield-scaled CO2-eq emissions, with the highest emissions when urea was split-applied early-spring. To optimize winter wheat production and NUE, we conclude that NBPT + DCD all-banded during seeding operations or split-applied early-spring provided similar and often superior results to other sources, including a more typical system of urea side-banded at the time of seeding.
Hybrid monitoring and measurement of concrete shielding activation at the ProtherWal proton therapy centre
Authors: Ramoisiaux E. , Hernalsteens C. , Tesse R. , Gnacadja E. , Pauly N. , Stichelbaut F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProton therapy systems produce large fluxes of energetic secondary particles when tailoring the beam energy and transverse profile to the specificities of each irradiation plan. A Low Activation Concrete (LAC) mix is foreseen for parts of the shielding of the Ion Beam Applications (IBA) Proteus® One (P1) compact system at the ProtherWal proton therapy centre in Charleroi, Belgium, to limit the long-term activation of the concrete shielding. To experimentally monitor the long-term activation and validate the beneficial impact of the LAC mix, a setup of four removable cores to be placed at critical locations in the cyclotron vault is optimised. We report on the experimental and simulation monitoring setup design. Our validated BDSIM/FISPACT-II methodology combines particle tracking and Monte-Carlo particle-matter interactions simulations using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM) and the computation of the activation using FISPACT-II. We show that the evaluation of the short-term activation of the cores is essential to the measurement analysis. We detail a hybrid workflow based on numerical simulations that uses logging data of the workloads of the clinical and research beam production and experimental measurements to evaluate and monitor the short- and long-term activation at any point during the centre lifetime and decommissioning period. The activation of the cores using a realistic foreseen irradiation pattern is studied, allowing for the characterisation of the measurement process and radiation protection considerations related to the measurement campaign. The final experimental setup and the supporting online simulation tools are discussed in detail.
CSL112 Infusion Rapidly Increases APOA1 Exchange Rate via Specific Serum Amyloid-Poor HDL Subpopulations When Administered to Patients Post–Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Didichenko Svetlana A. , Velkoska Elena , Navdaev Alexei V. , Greene Brandon H. , Lorkowski Shuhui Wang , Duffy Danielle , Mears Sojaita J. , Wright Samuel D. , Gibson C. Michael , Smith Jonathan D. , Kingwell Bronwyn A. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
To characterize the effects of CSL112 (human APOA1 [apolipoprotein A1]) on the APOA1 exchange rate (AER) and the relationships with specific HDL (high-density lipoprotein) subpopulations when administered in the 90-day high-risk period post–acute myocardial infarction.

Methods:
A subset of patients (n=50) from the AEGIS-I (ApoA-I Event Reducing in Ischemic Syndromes I) study received either placebo or CSL112 post–acute myocardial infarction. AER was measured in AEGIS-I plasma samples incubated with lipid-sensitive fluorescent APOA1 reporter. HDL particle size distribution was assessed by native gel electrophoresis followed by fluorescent imaging and detection of APOA1 and SAA (serum amyloid A) by immunoblotting.

Results:

CSL112 infusion increased AER peaking at 2 hours and returning to baseline 24 hours post-infusion. AER correlated with cholesterol efflux capacity (
r
=0.49), HDL-cholesterol (
r
=0.30), APOA1 (
r
=0.48), and phospholipids (
r
=0.48; all
P
<0.001) over all time points. Mechanistically, changes in cholesterol efflux capacity and AER induced by CSL112 reflected HDL particle remodeling resulting in increased small HDL species that are highly active in mediating ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter 1)-dependent efflux, and large HDL species with high capacity for APOA1 exchange. The lipid-sensitive APOA1 reporter predominantly exchanged into SAA-poor HDL particles and weakly incorporated into SAA-enriched HDL species.

Conclusions:
Infusion of CSL112 enhances metrics of HDL functionality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study demonstrates that in post–acute myocardial infarction patients, HDL-APOA1 exchange involves specific SAA-poor HDL populations. Our data suggest that progressive enrichment of HDL with SAA may generate dysfunctional particles with impaired HDL-APOA1 exchange capacity, and that infusion of CSL112 improves the functional status of HDL with respect to HDL-APOA1 exchange.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02108262.
ISGylation of NF-κBp65 by SCF
FBXL19
E3 Ligase Diminishes Endothelial Inflammation
Authors: Li Lian , Miao Jiaxing , Shaheen Nargis , Taleb Sarah J. , Hu Jian , Ye Qinmao , He Jinshan , Yan Jiasheng , Mallampalli Rama K. , Zhao Jing , Zhao Yutong 
Published: March 2023

Background:
NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) plays a pivotal role in endothelial cell (EC) inflammation. Protein ISGylation is regulated by E3 ISG15 (interferon-stimulated gene 15) ligases; however, ISGylation of NF-κBp65 and its role in EC functions have not been investigated. Here, we investigate whether p65 is ISGylated and the role of its ISGylation in endothelial functions.

Methods:
In vitro ISGylation assay and EC inflammation were performed. EC-specific transgenic mice were utilized in a murine model of acute lung injury.

Results:

We find that NF-κBp65 is ISGylated in resting ECs and that the posttranslational modification is reversible. TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and endotoxin stimulation of EC reduce p65 ISGylation, promoting its serine phosphorylation through reducing its association with a phosphatase WIP1 (wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1). Mechanistically, an SCF (Skp1-Cul1-F-box) protein E3 ligase SCF
FBXL19
is identified as a new ISG15 E3 ligase that targets and catalyzes ISGylation of p65. Depletion of FBXL19 (F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 19) increases p65 phosphorylation and EC inflammation, suggesting a negative correlation between p65 ISGylation and phosphorylation. Moreover, EC-specific FBXL19 overexpressing humanized transgenic mice exhibit reduced lung inflammation and severity of experimental acute lung injury.

Conclusions:

Together, our data reveal a new posttranslational modification of p65 catalyzed by a previously unrecognized role of SCF
FBXL19
as an ISG15 E3 ligase that modulates EC inflammation.
Exploring Racial and Ethnic Differences in Arterial Stiffness Among Youth and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Sauder Katherine A. , Glueck Deborah H. , Harrall Kylie K. , D'Agostino Ralph , Dolan Lawrence M. , Lane Abbi D. , Liese Angela D. , Lustigova Eva , Malik Faisal S. , Marcovina Santica , Mayer‐Davis Elizabeth , Mottl Amy , Pihoker Catherine , Reynolds Kristi , Shah Amy S. , Urbina Elaine M. , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Daniels Stephen R. , Dabelea Dana 
Published: March 2023

Background
We examined arterial stiffness in individuals with type 1 diabetes, and explored whether differences between Hispanic, non‐Hispanic Black (NHB), and non‐Hispanic White (NHW) individuals were attributable to modifiable clinical and social factors.

Methods and Results

Participants (n=1162; 22% Hispanic, 18% NHB, and 60% NHW) completed 2 to 3 research visits from ≈10 months to ≈11 years post type 1 diabetes diagnosis (mean ages of ≈9 to ≈20 years, respectively) providing data on socioeconomic factors, type 1 diabetes characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, health behaviors, quality of clinical care, and perception of clinical care. Arterial stiffness (carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity [PWV], m/s) was measured at ≈20 years of age. We analyzed differences in PWV by race and ethnicity, then explored the individual and combined impact of the clinical and social factors on these differences. PWV did not differ between Hispanic (adjusted mean 6.18 [SE 0.12]) and NHW (6.04 [0.11]) participants after adjustment for cardiovascular risks (
P
=0.06) and socioeconomic factors (
P
=0.12), or between Hispanic and NHB participants (6.36 [0.12]) after adjustment for all factors (
P
=0.08). PWV was higher in NHB versus NHW participants in all models (all
P
<0.001). Adjustment for modifiable factors reduced the difference in PWV by 15% for Hispanic versus NHW participants; by 25% for Hispanic versus NHB; and by 21% for NHB versus NHW.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular and socioeconomic factors explain one‐quarter of the racial and ethnic differences in PWV of young people with type 1 diabetes, but NHB individuals still experienced greater PWV. Exploration of pervasive inequities potentially driving these persistent differences is needed.
Political Science, History, and Dictatorships: Linz’ Limited Pluralism Theory and the Late Francoist Regime in Spain
Authors: Lasús Carlos Domper , Alberca Julio Ponce 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although Linz was right in contradicting previous assumptions that the Francoist political community was homogeneous, a truth evidenced in political archival records relating to the 1967 elections of procuradores familiares and reports complied by the Delegación Nacional de Provincias about political hierarchies in preparation for elections in 1975, his concept of limited pluralism is flawed. Traditional historical methods verify the degree of correlation between the analytical description of the Francoist political sphere that Linz’ theory suggests and the actuality represented in the archival sources. The records do not indicate the existence of the politico-ideological or interest groups organized as a semi-opposition to which Linz referred in support of his thesis. Though political leaders were aligned with various ideological affiliations, loyalty to the Caudillo was the basic affinity that united all.
Evaluation of sexual function after dutasteride treatment in patients with once-negative prostate biopsy and benign prostate hyperplasia
Authors: Taniguchi Hisanori , Inoue Takaaki , Kawa Gen , Murota Takashi , Tsukino Hiromasa , Yoshimura Koji , Kamoto Toshiyuki , Ogawa Osamu , Matsuda Tadashi , Kinoshita Hidefumi 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia are usually treated with 5α-reduced inhibitors (5ARIs) such as finasteride and dutasteride. However, studies on the influence of 5ARIs on sexual function have been controversial. In this study, we evaluated the impact of dutasteride treatment for erectile function in patients with once-negative prostate biopsy and benign prostate hyperplasia. Patients and methods: 81 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia were enrolled in a one-armed prospective study. They were administrated 0.5 mg/day of dutasteride for 12 months. Patient characteristics and changes of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-15 scores at baseline and 12 months after dutasteride administration were examined. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of the patients was 69.4 ± 4.9 years and the prostate volume was 56.6 ± 21.3 mL, respectively. The mean ± SD prostate volume and PSA levels were decreased 25.0 and 50.9%, respectively, after 12 months of dutasteride administration. IPSS total, voiding subscore, storage subscore, and quality of life score significantly improved after 12 months of dutasteride administration. No statistically significant change in IIEF-total score from 16.3 ± 13.5 to 18.8 ± 16.0 ( p = 0.14), IIEF-EF score from 5.1 ± 6.9 to 6.4 ± 8.3 ( p = 0.13) were observed. There was no decrease in erectile function severity. Conclusion: Twelve months administration of dutasteride for patients with BPH improved urinary function and did not increase the risk of sexual dysfunction.
Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid analysis in epileptic cats with unremarkable brain MRI or hippocampal signal changes only
Authors: Majercikova Rozalia , Rütgen Barbara C , Luckschander-Zeller Nicole , Lörincz Borbala A , Pakozdy Akos 
Published: March 2023

Objectives Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is used in the diagnostic investigation of cats with epileptic seizures. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of CSF analysis in cats with epileptic seizures that have unremarkable brain MRI or only hippocampal signal changes. Methods Unremarkable brain MRI or MRI studies with signal alterations in the hippocampus only in cats with suspected epilepsy and CFS analysis performed at the Small Animal Internal Department or Diagnostic Imaging Department at Vetmeduni Vienna, Austria, between 2011 and 2017 were reviewed. Total nucleated cell count, total protein, blood contamination and cytology data from CSF analysis were evaluated. Results In total, 87 cats were included. Seventy cats (80.5%) had unremarkable MRI, five (5.7%) had hippocampal signal changes with contrast enhancement and 12 (13.8%) had hippocampal signal changes without contrast enhancement. Overall, four cats (4.6%) had abnormalities on CSF analysis; all (100%) had an increased total nucleated cell count (22 cells/μl, 7 cells/μl, 6 cells/μl and 6 cells/μl, respectively), and no cat had increased total protein (100%), although in one cat total protein was not evaluated. Three of these cats had unremarkable MRI and one had hippocampal signal changes without contrast enhancement. The median duration of epileptic signs prior to the MRI study was 2 days. Conclusions and relevance Our results show that, in our cohort of epileptic cats with unremarkable brain MRI or with hippocampal signal changes, CSF analysis was usually normal. This should be considered before performing a CSF tap.
Prevalence and nature of prior developmental and medical concerns in toddlers who screen positive for autism in primary care
Authors: Herkert Darby , Sullivan Connor , Zhu YiQin , Dawson Geraldine 
Published: March 2023

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children be screened for autism at 18 and 24 months. It is unknown whether a positive screen usually represents the first developmental concern or is typically preceded by other developmental and/or medical concerns. This study evaluated the proportions of toddlers (M = 18.69 months) who screened positive for autism for whom caregivers or providers had prior concerns, the nature and timing of prior concerns, and their relationship with family characteristics. The electronic health records of 242 children who screened positive using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers–Revised with Follow-up during routine well-child visits were reviewed. Among toddlers who screened positive for autism, the majority (79.34%) had a documented prior motor, language, and/or autism concern. The presence of specific concerns was associated with earlier timing and higher Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers–Revised with Follow-up scores. Prior medical concerns were common, such as sleep (23.14%) and gastrointestinal (66.12%) problems. A positive autism screen often occurs in the context of pre-existing concerns. Thus, screening can provide providers with an opportunity to contextualize feedback about autism in the context of prior developmental and medical concerns. Lay abstract The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all children be screened for autism at their 18- and 24-month well-child visit. For children who screen positive for autism, it is unknown whether this usually represents the first time a developmental concern has been raised or if other developmental concerns typically precede a positive autism screen. Such knowledge could help guide providers in how to appropriately convey feedback regarding autism screening. This study found that, for close to 80% of children with a positive autism screen, caregivers or providers had a prior autism, language, motor, or other developmental concern documented in the electronic health record. Many also had other prior concerns frequently linked to autism, such as sleep and gastrointestinal problems, and received physical or speech therapy. On average, prior to screening children who received a positive Modified-Checklist for Autism in Toddlers had two documented concerns by at 1 year of age and three concerns by 2 years of age. These findings imply that screening for autism as a part of routine pediatric care likely takes place in the context of larger conversations regarding existing developmental concerns, allowing for a less stigmatizing discussion of autism. Framing the presence of prior concerns in the setting of a positive screen in this context may create a reaffirming space for existing caregiver concerns and a lessened emotional burden on caregivers.