bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raumzeitliche Propagation eines minimalen katalytischen RNA‐Netzwerkes in GUV‐Protozellen durch Temperaturzyklen und Phasenseparation
Authors: Peter Benedikt , Levrier Antoine , Schwille Petra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKompartimentierung ist der Schlüssel zu vielen zellulären Prozessen und kritische Bedingung für minimales Leben. In Zellen sorgt eine komplexe Chemie dafür, Biomoleküle zur richtigen Zeit am richtigen Ort zusammenzubringen oder sie zu separieren. Durch die Selbstorganisation von Lipiden, Nukleinsäuren und Proteinen entstehen hochspezialisierte Mikroumgebungen mit funktionalen Grenzflächen und Schnittstellen. Wir stellen hier auf Basis von reversibler RNA‐basierter Flüssig‐Flüssig‐Phasenseparation (LLPS) in Riesenvesikeln (GUVs) ein effizientes System zur funktionalen Kompartimentierung vor. Dieses ist in der Lage, eine RNA‐basierte enzymatische Reaktion mithilfe von Frost‐Tau‐(FT)‐Zyklen innerhalb einer Population von GUVs zu propagieren. Wir zeigen, dass eine solche enzymatische Reaktion dadurch beschleunigt werden kann, dass die Reaktanden in der kondensierten RNA‐reichen Phase aufkonzentriert werden. Die gleichmäßige Verteilung von RNA‐Substraten im dekondensierten Zustand ermöglicht den Austausch zwischen den Vesikeln während des Einfrierens und Auftauens. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, inwieweit ein minimales reversibles Phasenseparationssystem in Lipidvesikeln raumzeitliche Kontrolle in zyklischen Prozessen erlaubt, so wie es in Minimalzellen erforderlich wäre.
Spatiotemporal Propagation of a Minimal Catalytic RNA Network in GUV Protocells by Temperature Cycling and Phase Separation
Authors: Peter Benedikt , Levrier Antoine , Schwille Petra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCompartmentalization is key to many cellular processes and a critical bottleneck of any minimal life approach. In cells, a complex chemistry is responsible for bringing together or separating biomolecules at the right place at the right time. Lipids, nucleic acids and proteins self‐organize, thereby creating boundaries, interfaces and specialized microenvironments. Exploiting reversible RNA‐based liquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS) inside giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), we present an efficient system capable of propagating an RNA‐based enzymatic reaction across a population of GUVs upon freezing‐thawing (FT) temperature cycles. We report that compartmentalization in the condensed RNA‐rich phase can accelerate such an enzymatic reaction. In the decondensed state, RNA substrates become homogeneously dispersed, enabling content exchange between vesicles during freeze‐thawing. This work explores how a minimal reversible phase separation system in lipid vesicles could help to implement spatiotemporal control in cyclic processes, as required for minimal cells.
Innovative ideas desire earlier communication: Exploring reverse serial‐order effect and liberating cognitive constraint for organizational problem‐solving
Authors: Ahn Paul Hangsan , Van Swol Lyn M. , Lu Runzhi Mary , Kim Sang Jung , Park Hyelin , Moulder Robert G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe serial‐order effect wherein originality increases over time is one of the most robust findings in modern psychology. This effect, found in either individual or group sessions, is based on associative and spreading activation mechanisms: Mental association takes place in temporal sequential order from commonly (closely) to unusually (distantly) related semantic concepts stored in long‐term memory. Thus, data from previous studies might suggest that, in collective problem‐solving, we endure long meetings and pay closer attention to ideas presented toward the end of the meeting. However, members in innovative organizations have been reported to typically generate ideas on their own before group brainstorming. We hypothesized that in the subsequent group brainstorming session members would state their most appealing ideas first due to impression management. Our results from the individual‐then‐group hybrid brainstorming paradigm show that idea quality during the group session peaks early and then decays, in terms of both the number of high‐quality ideas produced and the proportion of ideas that are high‐quality. This “reverse” serial‐order effect implies that meeting for a reasonably brief time and looking into ideas shared early during the meeting may lead to better decisions—if individuals generated ideas prior to the meeting. We also found that flexibility (the rate at which new idea categories were introduced) dropped rapidly, but at a certain point of time, it stopped decreasing. This potentially suggests that extended group interaction after individual idea generation could bring greater idea diversity rather than higher overall quality. In addition, we found that the updated, cognitively constrained organizational norm for brainstorming, which likely narrows the scope of search, led to greater idea quantity (fluency), quality, and flexibility than the traditional, unconstrained norm. Our work challenges the traditional application of spreading activation theory to interpersonal, group, or organizational settings and calls for attention to the specific communicative processes of problem‐solving and decision‐making in question.
Target‐cycling synchronized rolling circle amplification strategy for biosensing Helicobacter pylori DNA
Authors: Zhang Xiaorong , Deng Yuan , Qiu Hongzhao , Yi Sirui , Huang Sijia , Chen Lanlan , Hu Shanwen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori is closely linked to many gastric diseases such as gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers. Therefore, biosensing H. pylori has attracted wide attention from both scientists and clinicians. Here, we proposed an electrochemiluminescence (ECL)‐based platform that could sensitively detect H. pylori DNA. In this platform, a novel target‐cycling synchronized rolling circle amplification was used for signal amplification. Silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) were synthesized on the circle DNA products, embedding them with the ability to catalyze the electrochemical reduction of K2S2O8, in turn resulting in rapid consumption of the ECL co‐reactant near the working electrode, and leading to a decrease in the ECL emission intensity. In addition to its excellent stability and selectivity, the proposed strategy had a low detection limit of 10 pM, an indication that it can be beneficially applied to test biosamples. Furthermore, a biosensing chip was designed to improve the throughput and shed new light on large‐scale clinical biosensing applications.
Long pepper (Piper longum) derived carbon dots as fluorescent sensing probe for sensitive detection of Sudan I
Authors: Venugopalan P. , Vidya N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this piece of work, microwave‐assisted conversion of a natural precursor in to high‐valued nano‐scale material was carried out by a completely greener method. The fluorescent carbon dots prepared, designated as long pepper derived carbon dots (LPCDs), have been thoroughly characterized to explore the physical and chemical properties. The system exhibits excitation dependent emission behavior and from the optimal studies the excitation and emission wavelength of the system was found to be 330 nm and 455 nm respectively. On account of the superior fluorescent behavior of the LPCDs, it was successfully employed as a fluorescent sensing probe to detect Sudan I with good level of selectivity and sensitivity. This carcinogenic dye extensively used as food adulterant can impart several health issues. Food product safety is of high concern, therefore a simple facile and economical analytical method was proposed based on the fluorescence of LPCDs for this dye detection with satisfactory statistical parameters. A linear relationship was maintained in the range of 0 to 27.27 μM Sudan I with limit of detection of 0.92 μM. The quenching mechanism was studied and finally attributed to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. In addition, the probe was effectively implemented for Sudan I detection in commercial chili powder samples with good level of recovery parameters.
Prediction of death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers
Authors: Gaidai Oleg , Xing Yihan , Balakrishna Rajiv , Sun Jiayao , Bai Xiaolong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo estimate cardiovascular and cancer death rates by regions and time periods.DesignNovel statistical methods were used to analyze clinical surveillance data.MethodsA multicenter, population‐based medical survey was performed. Annual recorded deaths from cardiovascular diseases were analyzed for all 195 countries of the world. It is challenging to model such data; few mathematical models can be applied because cardiovascular disease and cancer data are generally not normally distributed.ResultsA novel approach to assessing the biosystem reliability is introduced and has been found to be particularly suitable for analyzing multiregion environmental and healthcare systems. While traditional methods for analyzing temporal observations of multiregion processes do not deal with dimensionality efficiently, our methodology has been shown to be able to cope with this challenge.ConclusionsOur novel methodology can be applied to public health and clinical survey data.
Comparative analysis of percutaneous revascularization practice in the United States and the United Kingdom: Insights from the BMC2 and BCIS databases
Authors: Wanamaker Brett L. , Shoaib Ahmad , Seth Milan , Sukul Devraj , Mamas Mamas A. , Gurm Hitinder S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundInternational registry comparisons provide insight into regional differences in clinical practice patterns, procedural outcomes, and general trends in population health and resource utilization in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We sought to compare data from a state‐wide PCI registry in the United States with a national registry from the United Kingdom (UK).MethodsWe analyzed all PCI cases from the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium and the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society registries from 2010 to 2017. Procedural characteristics and in‐hospital outcomes were stratified by PCI indication.ResultsA total of 248,283 cases were performed in Michigan and 773,083 in the United Kingdom during the study period. The proportion of patients with a prior diagnosis of diabetes in Michigan was nearly double that in the United Kingdom (38.9% vs. 21.0%). PCI for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction was more frequent in the UK (25% UK vs. 14.3% Michigan). Radial access increased in both registries, reaching 86.8% in the United Kingdom versus 45.1% in Michigan during the final study year. Mechanical support utilization was divergent, falling to 0.9% of cases in the United Kingdom and rising to 3.95% of cases in Michigan in 2017. Unadjusted crude mortality rates were similar in the two cohorts, with higher rates of post‐PCI transfusion and other complications in the Michigan population.ConclusionsIn a real‐world comparison using PCI registries from the US and UK, notable findings include marked differences in the prevalence of diabetes and other comorbidities, a greater proportion of primary PCI with more robust adoption of transradial PCI in the United Kingdom, and divergent trends in mechanical support with increasing use in Michigan.
TBAI‐Catalysed Formal [4+4]‐Cycloaddition: Easy Access to Oxa‐Bridged Eight‐Membered Heterocycles
Authors: Wang Wenxiang , Pi Chao , Cui Xiuling , Wu Yangjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTBAI‐catalysed [4+4]‐cyclization reaction of anthranils with hydrazones to deliver oxa‐bridged eight‐membered heterocycles in accepted yields was developed. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the reaction involved the in situ generation of vinyldiazenes from readily available hydrazones followed by an aza‐Michael addition of the anthranil substrates onto the vinyldiazenes and subsequent annulation. This transformation involved the formation of two new C−N bonds and C−O bond in one pot, overcoming the synthetic limitations of anthranils in organic chemistry. This strategy benefits from high efficiency and atomic economy with mild reaction conditions.
Total Synthesis of Starfish Cyclic Steroid Glycosides. Part 3, Formal Total Synthesis of Luzonicosides A and D
Authors: Zhu Dapeng , Geng Mingyu , Shen Dacheng , Yu Biao 
Published: February 2023

Comprehensive SummaryLuzonicosides A (1) and D (2) are the major saponins isolated from pacific starfish Echinaster Luzonicus, featuring a sterically congested 16‐membered ring which is formed by bridging the C3 and C6 of a 3β,6β‐dihydroxy‐Δ7‐ene steroid with a 1,2‐trans‐linked linear trisaccharide via glycosidic and ether bonds, respectively. Here, we describe a formal total synthesis of starfish cyclic steroid glycosides 1 and 2. The synthetic route is highly modular and versatile, involving construction of the 16‐membered macrocycles via Au(I)‐catalyzed intramolecular glycosylation, highly efficient installation of unsaturated sugar moieties with ortho‐hexynylbenzoates, elaboration of glucuronic acid unit via post‐oxidation, and a de novo synthesis of the ether‐linked pyranose unit.
Demographic characteristics and clinical presentation of infants with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome and their response to therapy: Data from Sri Lanka Infantile Spasms Registry
Authors: Wanigasinghe Jithangi , Hewawitharana Gemunu , Ratnayake Pyara , Wijesekera Saraji , Weeraratne Chathurika , Jayawickrama Ashan , Jayawardena Jayasanka 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesInfantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS) is an epileptic encephalopathy with often devastating developmental consequences. Most children with IESS have a known etiology, although differing in proportion by geographical settings. Therefore, registries are useful to understand the characteristics of IESS in different countries. The Sri Lanka Infantile Spasms Registry (SLISR) was established to study the demographics and etiology of infants with IESS and their response to therapy in a resource‐limited country.MethodsFive pediatric neurologists (out of nine) in different parts of the country prospectively recruited children with IESS. The etiology was evaluated using the services available in each setting. Response to treatment for standard (adrenal corticotropic hormone, prednisolone, or vigabatrin) versus nonstandard medications was evaluated at two and six weeks.ResultsIncluded in the current analysis were 270 children who were registered since 2017. Median age at presentation was 5.36 months (SD 3.6). The mean interval between seizure onset and treatment onset was 1.7 months (SD 1.3). A sizable proportion of the children (61.2%) did not complete the evaluation of etiology. Structural brain abnormality was the most frequently identified etiology in those who were evaluated (38.8%); hypoxic‐ischemic injury was the most common antecedent. The majority of the patients (86%) received a recommended standard therapy as the first treatment, with prednisolone being the most frequent choice. By treatment day 14, the first treatment had achieved spasm control in 63.8% and an electro‐clinical response in 43.6%. While both standard therapies led to positive outcomes, oral prednisolone produced the best therapeutic response.ConclusionWe describe the etiologies, treatment choices, and response to first‐line medications in a large group of children with IESS from a South Asian country. Although most patients received a recommended first‐line therapy (most often prednisolone), a sizable number initially received nonstandard therapy. Our data illustrate the challenges in the management of IESS in a resource‐limited environment.
Methodological Investigation of the Band Gap Determination of Solid Semiconductors via UV/Vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Welter Eike S. , Garg Seema , Gläser Roger , Goepel Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSeveral different evaluation methods (EM) to obtain the band gap energy (Eg) of semiconductors via UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) are used in literature and no clear consensus which EM to use is established. By using P25 as a model semiconductor, evaluating 32 literature sources and our own experiments, we show that the determined Eg energy is heavily influenced by the EM (differences in Eg of up to 0.87 eV). For P25 loaded with CuO even contradictive effects of metal loading on the Eg are observed using different EM. Different phase compositions of TiO2 are also shown to yield EM‐dependent results. This paper thus comprehensively investigates the most common EM on different relevant photocatalyst material classes, illustrates their mathematical and graphical determination, gives recommendations which method to use based on a quantitative indicator and illustrates common pitfalls in determining Eg via UV/Vis DRS.
Breeding of Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis with excellent ethanol tolerance based on adaptive evolution technology
Authors: Liu Yan , Danial Muhammad , Dong Huixin , Zhang Min , Jia Ru , Zhang Guohua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFructilactobacillus (F.) sanfranciscensis LS1 is one of the dominant strains in sourdough. Ethanol produced during fermentation is an inevitable stress factor for this stain. At present, the research on the mechanism of ethanol stress in lactic acid bacteria is limited compared to yeast species (particularly Saccharomyces (S.) cerevisiae). In this study microbial physiology and protein expression analysis technology was used. F. sanfranciscensis LS1 served as the original bacteria, and evolutionary bacteria LS1‐1 were obtained by adaptive evolution. The comparison of the two strains' growth, survival rate, morphology, hydrophobicity, cohesive force and protein expression revealed that the evolved bacteria had a significantly higher ethanol tolerance than the original bacteria. Similarly, the hydrophobicity of evolved bacteria was increased about 6.6 times than that of the original bacteria. With an increase in ethanol concentration, the level of damage on evolved bacteria was less, and the total proportion of damaged cells decreased. After 8 h of culturing, the self‐cohesion of the evolved strain was 1.29 times more than the original strain. Sodium dodecyl‐sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis has shown that the number of protein bands of the evolved bacteria LS1‐1 increased significantly, indicating that the associated proteins were expressed more and the strain's ability to resist environmental pressure was improved.
Forecasting air quality index considering socioeconomic indicators and meteorological factors: A data granularity perspective
Authors: Wang Chih‐Hsuan , Chang Chia‐Rong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractForecasting air quality index (AQI) is critically important to provide a basis for government policy makers, especially in public health, smart transportation, energy management, economic development, and sustainable environments. In reality, AQI consists of various components, such as PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2, and SO2. Although numerous methods have been presented, few studies concurrently considered the causalities of socioeconomic indicators and meteorological factors and different data granularities. The aggregate AQI of Taiwan comprises five representative cities: Taipei, Hsinchu, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung. Research findings identify seasonal factors, carbon power generation, steel and metal production, highway cargo load, the number of registered cars, and retail and manufacturing employment population as the key indicators to predict the monthly AQI of Taiwan. For the daily AQI of Hsinchu and the hourly AQI of Kaohsiung, PM2.5, PM10, O3, ambient temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and pollutants (CO, NO2, and SO2) are recognized. Deep learning significantly outperforms machine learning in the hourly AQI while it performs slightly better in the daily AQI. With the presented framework, governments can balance the trade‐offs between economic development and environmental sustainability.
Ononin alleviates DSS‐induced colitis through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome via triggering mitophagy
Authors: Yu Ting , Lu Xuejia , Liang Yan , Yang Lin , Yin Yuehan , Chen Hong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground: Ononin, a flavonoid isolated from Astragalus membranaceus root, is the active ingredient of A. membranaceus and has potential anti‐inflammatory properties, but its effect on colitis is unclear. Aims: This study aimed to explore the anticolitis effect of Ononin by establishing a colitis model in mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were provided DSS, then treated with Ononin (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) or 5‐ASA (40 mg/kg). The colitis symptoms were observed, the disease activity index (DAI) score were recorded daily, and colonic inflammation was evaluted by histopathological scoring. The expression of cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and mitophagy/NLRP3 inflammasome‐related proteins were measured. Results: Ononin significantly alleviated weight loss and colon shortening in mice with colitis (p < .01). Moreover, Ononin decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines and mediators associated with colitis (p < .05). In addition, Ononin inhibited macrophages infiltration and reduced caspase‐1 activation in colitis mice. Caspase‐1 activation is closely related to the NLRP3 inflammasome. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Ononin on NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro. The relevant results confirmed that Ononin inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inhibited mitochondrial damage (p < .05). Further studies revealed that Ononin inhibited mitochondrial damage through triggering mitophagy (p < .05). Conclusion: Ononin alleviates DSS‐induced colitis by activating mitophagy to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome.
In lupus cystitis, is the urinary tract dilated or obstructed?
Authors: Abe Yoshiyuki , Kawamata Nozomi , Makiyama Ayako , Ashizawa Takeshi , Hayashi Takuo , Tamura Naoto 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesLupus cystitis is a rare but serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that can cause permanent bladder dysfunction, leading to irreversible deterioration of kidney function. We report two cases of SLE with lupus cystitis who showed different images from the same cause of disease.MethodsPatient 1, a 67‐year‐old woman diagnosed with SLE presented with persistent dysuria for 3 weeks with sudden headache and vomiting. She was hospitalized because of acute kidney injury; the serum creatinine level was 10.68 mg/dL. Computed tomography (CT) showed significant bilateral ureteral stenosis and bilateral hydronephrosis. Patient 2, a 45‐year‐old woman diagnosed with SLE presented with dysuria requiring self‐catheterization. CT showed significant bilateral ureteral dilatation and bilateral hydronephrosis.ResultsIn patient 1, the right kidney was afunctional. Left nephrostomy was performed on Day 2. Her serum creatinine returned to the normal range. In patient 2, After admission, she changed to an indwelling bladder catheter. Her serum creatinine level improved from 2.04 to 1.31 mg/dL.ConclusionIn patients with lupus cystitis, the urinary tract is commonly dilated, but stenosis has been seen in rare case. Physicians should be careful in diagnosing it.