bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactive Role of Silicon on Attenuating Aluminum Toxicity in Sugarcane by Modifying Growth, Root Morphoanatomy, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Gas Exchange Parameters
Authors: Junior Gilmar da Silveira Sousa , Hurtado Alexander Calero , Alves Rita Cassia , Gasparino Eduardo Custodio , Santos Durvalina Maria Mathias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aluminum (Al) inhibits growth and limits plant productivity in acidic soils. An important strategy to increase Al tolerance is the use of silicon (Si) nutrition. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the interactive function of Si supplementation on the biological responses of sugarcane s (Saccharum officinarum L., cultivars 'CTC9002' and 'CTC9003') under Al toxicity. Two pots experiments with four replications were conducted as a factorial scheme (2 × 4), in a completely randomized design to study the impact of Si (2 mM) on attenuating Al toxicity (0, 10, 15 e 20 mg L−1, as Al2(SO4)3·18H2O) in sugarcane seedlings. After 35 days, Al stress decreased sugarcane growth and the Si uptake capacity by decreasing the root growth and increasing Al uptake and translocation. Si attenuated Al toxicity in the sugarcane seedlings by limiting Al uptake and transport to the shoots, caused positive changes in roots morphoanatomy, higher content pigments, improving gas exchange parameters, thereby increased growth. The attenuation of Al toxicity by Si is more evident in the cultivar CTC9003. The findings of this study suggest that Si plays a notable role in improving anatomical and physiological aspects, in particular the growth of sugarcane seedlings under Al toxicity.
Optoelectronic performance of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films structured by Sub-Picosecond Direct Laser Interference Patterning
Authors: Heffner Herman , Soldera Marcos , Lasagni Andrés Fabián 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A route to increase the efficiency of thin film solar cells is improving the light-trapping capacity by texturing the top Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) so that the sunlight reaching the solar absorber scatters into multiple directions. In this study, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) thin films are treated by infrared sub-picosecond Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP) to modify the surface topography. Surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy reveals the presence of periodic microchannels with a spatial period of 5 m and an average height between 15 and 450 nm decorated with Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) in the direction parallel to the microchannels. A relative increase in the average total and diffuse optical transmittances up to 10.7% and 1,900%, respectively, was obtained in the 400-1,000 nm spectral range as an outcome of the interaction of white light with the generated micro- and nanostructures. The estimation of Haacke’s figure of merit suggests that the surface modification of ITO with fluence levels near the ablation threshold might enhance the performance of solar cells that employ ITO as a front electrode.
PD-L1 expression in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma treated with lenvatinib
Authors: Yamazaki Haruhiko , Okubo Yoichiro , Yokose Tomoyuki , Iwasaki Hiroyuki , Sasada Tetsuro , Masudo Katsuhiko , Toda Soji , Matsui Ai , Kadoya Mei , Rino Yasushi , Miyagi Yohei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to estimate the proportion of patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) at our institution who are likely to have the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment by investigating programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Additionally, we investigated the association between PD-L1 expression and treatment outcomes of lenvatinib in patients with ATC.
Methods
The 19 lenvatinib-treated patients with ATC whose tissue samples available for immunohistochemistry were included in this study. The tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥1%was determined as positive for PD-L1 expression
Results
Of the 19 patients, 5 (26%) and 14 (74%) had a partial response to lenvatinib treatment and PD-L1 expression positivity, respectively. The median TPS was 30% in patients with positive PD-L1 expression. The median OS for all 19 patients was 4.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8–6.6) months with a 6-month OS rate of 36.8%. Furthermore, the median OS for patients with positive or negative PD-L1 expression was 5.3 (95% CI, 1.6–7.8) and 4.2 (95% CI, 1.1–not available) months, respectively (p = 0.277).
Conclusion
No correlation was observed between the PD-L1 expression in the ATC tissue samples and efficacy of lenvatinib. Furthermore, in our study, 14 (74%) of 19 patients with ATC had PD-L1 expression positivity. Although lenvatinib monotherapy may have limited efficacy, some patients with ATC have the possibility that the addition of ICI on lenvatinib is effective.
Delineation of Phenotypes and Genotypes of Facial Infiltrating Lipomatosis Associated with PIK3CA Mutations
Authors: Chen Hongrui , Sun Bin , Gao Wei , Qiu Yajing , Hua Chen , Lin Xiaoxi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Facial infiltrative lipomatosis (FIL) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by unilateral facial swelling, for which surgery is the prevailing therapeutic option. Several studies have shown that the development of the FIL is closely associated with PIK3CA mutations. This study aimed to further identify the rare clinical features as well as the underlying molecular variants in patients with FIL.
Results: A series of 18 patients were included in this study, and all patients had presented infiltrative manifestations of adipose tissues confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. We observed that macrodactyly, polydactyly, hemimegalencephaly and hemihyperplasia could also be seen in patients with FIL. In total, eight different PIK3CA mutations were detected in tissues obtained from sixteen patients, respectively, missense mutation p.His1047Arg (n=4), p.Cys420Arg (n=2), p.Glu453Lys (n=2), p.Glu542Lys (n=2), p.Glu418Lys (n=1), p.Glu545Lys ( n=1), p.His1047Tyr (n=1) and deletion mutation p.Glu110del (n=3). Furthermore, the GNAQ mutation p.Arg183Gln was also detected in the epidermal nevus tissue of one patient. Imaging revealed that several patients carrying hotspot mutations had more severe adipose infiltration and skeletal deformity.
Conclusions: The clinical presentation and genetic profile of FIL were abundant, but make it difficult to treat. PIK3CA mutations drive the pathogenesis of FIL, and PIK3CA hotspot mutations may lead to more extensive infiltration of lipomatosis. Understanding the molecular variant profile of FIL will facilitate the application of novel PI3K-targeted inhibitors.
Neutral Point Equipment Selection on 26-kV Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Li Jisheng , He Xiao , Sun Xinfeng , Wang Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Large-capacity nuclear power plants are generally equipped with generator circuit breakers (GCBs) and capacitors connected in parallel at each end of the GCB to limit transient recovery voltages. However, an increase in capacitance to ground caused by shunt capacitors can lead to arcing ground overvoltage during single-phase short-circuit faults. This study conducts theoretical calculations and simulations to analyze the effects of reducing the resistance of the secondary side of the neutral grounding transformer and reducing the ratio of the grounding transformer on transient overvoltage limitation during single-phase short-circuit faults. The study also investigates the relationship between the size of the shunt capacitor at each end of the GCB and the single-phase short-circuit voltage and current to provide a reference for the optimal configuration of generator neutral equipment in practical engineering scenarios.
Aquatic insects for monitoring the health status of riverine potholes: A case study in Chalakudy river basin, Kerala, India
Authors: Athulya Puthukkampurath , Vishnuprasad Puthiyarambath , Sivalingam Rajathy , Sajeev Thavalathadathil Velayudhan , Kumar Chelakkal Sukumaran Ratheesh , Syamkumar Reghu Nandhan Pillai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Potholes are microhabitats in riverine ecosystems, which contribute substantially to the unique regional faunal diversity and community composition. The potholes of riverine habitats of Kerala are less explored, thus this study is of significant importance for riverine health assessment using entomological indicators. A total of 18 potholes were identified from the two stations located in the Chalakudy river basin according to their vertical profile. Insects were sampled monthly along with water quality parameters. We could identify 208 individuals represented by 15 families in the Athirappilly (S1). Among the collected taxa Ephemeroptera was the dominant order comprised of 48.56% of the population. Only 94 individuals represented by 10 families reported from the Ezhattumugham (S2). Hemiptera was the dominant order and comprised 51.06% of the total taxa collected. Benthic metrics such as family biotic index (FBI), % of Ephemeroptera Plecoptera, Trichoptera taxa (EPT), % of Ephemeroptera taxa, and % of tolerant organisms indicated remarkable variation in water quality status among the two stations and there was a significant difference in benthic metrics (p < 0.05). Major functional feeding groups reported, the percentage contribution of predators (p = 0.010), shredders (p = 0.009), and scrappers (p = 0.007) exhibited statistically significant variations between stations. Insects belonging to the families of Baetidae, Ephemeridae, Perlidae, and Stenopsychidae were found to be the most sensitive forms reported from the S1 indicates good water quality condition. Contrastingly, insects belonging to the families of Micronectidae, and Chironomidae being pollution-tolerant taxa, were abundant at S2 indicates a fairly poor condition of the potholes.
Nematode Community Structures in the Presence of Wastewater Treatment Plant Discharge
Authors: Ridall Aaron , Ingels Jeroen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) represent major point sources of pollution in coastal systems, affecting benthic ecosystems. In the present study we assessed the potential role that WWTPs have in shaping nematode communities and established baseline knowledge of free-living nematode community structures in St. Andrew Bay, Florida. Sediment samples were collected from four sites representing areas of WWTP outflow and areas with no apparent outflow, during the winter and summer. Nematode communities across sites were significantly different, and the differences were strongly associated with the distance to the nearest WWTP. While the communities were not different along transects at each site, nor across seasons, community dissimilarity across sites was high, implying strong contrasts throughout the bay system. Dominance of tolerant, opportunistic genera and Ecological Quality Status assessments suggest that the system is stressed by organic enrichment, possibly linked to the WWTPs. Our results suggest that knowledge on the life-history of dominant genera is imperative to assess the ecological quality of a benthic system, in addition to taxonomic and functional metrics. Considering the value of marine nematodes as bioindicators, more work should be done to monitor temporal variability in nematode communities in this system as future infrastructure changes alter its dynamics.
A fully integrated, standalone stretchable device platform with in-sensor adaptive machine learning for rehabilitation
Authors: Xu Hongcheng , Zheng Weihao , Zhang Yang , Zhao Yunlong , Wang Weidong , Yuan Yangbo , Zhang Ji , Huo Zimin , Wang Yuejiao , Zhao Ningjuan , Qin Yuxin , Liu Ke , Xi Ruida , Xu Dandan , Chen Gang , Tang Chu , Zhang Haiyan , Yan Junyu , Ge Qi , Cheng Huanyu , Lu Yang , Gao Libo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Post-surgical treatments of the human throat and various diseases often require continuous monitoring of diverse vital and muscle activities. However, wireless, continuous monitoring and analysis of these activities directly from the (throat) skin still remain elusive. Here, we report the design and validation of a fully integrated standalone stretchable device platform that provides wireless measurements and cloud analysis of diverse vibrations and muscle electrical activities from the suprasternal throat. The modified composite hydrogel with low contact impedance and reduced adhesion provides high-quality long-term monitoring of local muscle electrical signals. The integrated triaxial broad-band accelerometer also measures large body movements and subtle physiological activities/vibrations. The combined data processed by a 2D-like sequential feature extractor with fully connected neurons facilitate the classification of various motion/speech features at a high accuracy of over 90%, which even adapts to the data with noise from motion artifacts or the data from new human subjects. The resulting standalone stretchable device with wireless monitoring and cloud processing capabilities paves the way to design and apply the next-generation wearable skin-interfaced systems for the remote monitoring and treatment evaluation of various diseases.
Effects of six phytohormones on the growth behavior and cellular biochemical components of Chlorella vulgaris 31
Authors: Xie Zijian , Cao Yueqin , Peng Shuting , Zhang Xiaoyun , Kong Weibao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Microalgae have characteristics similar to higher plants, and recent research has shown that phytohormones can influence the metabolic and physiological processes of microalgae. Utilizing phytohormones to adjust the production capacity of microalgae could improve their position in the industrial raw material supply chain, accelerate the transition to green and sustainable industry, and reduce carbon emissions. This study investigated the effects of six phytohormones, including 6-benzylaminopurine, ethephon, gibberellin, indole acetic acid, naphthalene acetic acid, and salicylic acid, on the growth and biochemical composition of Chlorella vulgaris 31(Cv-31) after 12 days of culturing. The results showed that there were significant variations in the effects of different concentrations and species of phytohormones on the growth and biochemical composition of Cv-31. Among the six phytohormones, 10 mg L− 1 GA was the most effective in promoting growth and pigment accumulation, while 7.5 mg L− 1 SA resulted in a 3.3-fold increase in lipid production compared to the control. However, the phytohormones did not play a significant role in protein accumulation, while ETH and GA were helpful in the accumulation of soluble sugars. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the effects of phytohormones on the main components of Cv-31 and can serve as a reference for related research and production.
Comparative DFT study of methanol decomposition on Mo 2 C(001) and Mo 2 C(101) surfaces
Authors: Shi Yun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, the complete reaction mechanism of methanol decomposition on metallic Mo2C(001) and Mo/C-mixed Mo2C(101) hexagonal Mo2C crystalline phases was systematically investigated using plane-wave-based periodic density functional theory (DFT). The main reaction route for Mo2C(001) is as follows: CH3OH → CH3O + H → CH2O + 2H → CHO + 3H → CO + 4H → C + O + 4H. Hence, C,O, and H are the main products. It was found that the energy barrier for CO dissociation was low. Therefore, it was concluded that the Mo2C(001) surface was too active to be easily oxidized or carburized. The optimal reaction pathway for Mo2C(101) is as follows: CH3OH → CH3O + H → CH2O + 2H → CH2 + O + 2H → CH3 + O + H → CH4 + O. Therefore, CH4 is the major product. The hydrogenation of CH3 leading to CH4 showed the highest energy barrier and the lowest rate constant and should be the rate-determining step. In addition, the formation of CO + 2H2 was competitive on Mo2C(101), and the optimal path was CH3OH → CH3O + H → CH2O + 2H → CH2 + O + 2H → CH + O + 3H → C + O + 4H → CO + 2H2. The computed energy barrier and rate constant indicate that the rate-determining step is the last step in CO formation. In agreement with the experimental observations, the results provide insights into the Mo2C-catalyzed decomposition of methanol and other side reactions.
PARP1 inhibition mediates a switch from necrosis to senescence that favors repair from acute oxidative injury
Authors: Nehme Jamil , Mesilmany Lina , Farfariello Valerio , Varela-Eirin Marta , Lin Yao , Costa Mariana Gaya , Seelen Marc , Hillebrands Jan-Luuk , Goor Harry van , Saab Raja , Prevarskaya Natacha , Akl Haidar , Demaria Marco 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Excessive amounts of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to macromolecular damage and pathological sequelae. The mechanisms regulating oxidative stress-induced cell fate decision and their manipulation for improving repair remain poorly understood. Here, we show that cells exposed to high oxidative stress enter a PARP1-mediated necrosis, and that blocking PARP1 activation promotes a senescence state. We demonstrate that the switch from death to senescence depends on reducing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload as a consequence of retaining the hexokinase HKII into mitochondria. In a mouse model of kidney ischemia/reperfusion damage, PARP1 inhibition lowers necrosis and increases senescence at the injury site, leading to improved recovery from acute damage. PARP1 activity is essential to promote necrosis in high oxidative environments, and its inhibition alleviates the detriment of acute tissue damage by promoting senescence.
European Headache Federation (EHF) critical re-appraisal and meta-analysis of oral drugs in migraine prevention - Part 1 Amitriptyline
Authors: Lampl Christian , Versijpt Jan , Deligianni Christina , Gil-Gouveia Raquel , Jassal Tanvir , MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , Ornello Raffaele , Paungarttner Jakob , Sanchez-del-Rio Margarita , Reuter Uwe , Uluduz Derya , de Vries Tessa , Zeraatkar Dena , Sacco Simona 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this paper is to critically re-appraise the published trials assessing amitriptyline for migraine prophylaxis.
Methods
We report our methods and results following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomized trials of pharmacologic treatments for migraine prophylaxis. We included randomized trials that compared amitriptyline with placebo for migraine prophylaxis in adults. Our outcomes of interest were informed by the Outcome Set for preventive intervention trials in chronic and episodic migraine (COSMIG) and include the proportion of patients who experience a 50% or more reduction in migraine days per month, migraine days per month, and adverse events leading to discontinuation.
We assessed risk of bias by using a modified Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool and the certainty of evidence by using the GRADE approach.
Results
Our search yielded 10.826 unique records, of which three trials (n=622) were eligible for data synthesis and analysis. We found moderate certainty evidence that amitriptyline increases the proportion of patients who experience a 50% or more reduction in monthly migraine days, compared to placebo. We found moderate certainty evidence that amitriptyline increases the proportion of patients who discontinue due to adverse events compared to placebo.
Conclusions
Our meta-analysis showed that amitriptyline may have a prophylactic role in migraine patients, however these results are far from robust. This warrants further large-scale research to evaluate the role of amitriptyline in migraine prevention.
Improved Lower Bounds for Truthful Scheduling
Authors: Dobzinski Shahar , Shaulker Ariel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The problem of scheduling unrelated machines by a truthful mechanism to minimize the makespan was introduced in the seminal "Algorithmic Mechanism Design" paper by Nisan and Ronen. Nisan and Ronen showed that there is a truthful mechanism that provides an approximation ratio of min(m, n), where n is the number of machines and m is the number of jobs. They also proved that no truthful mechanism can provide an approximation ratio better than 2. Since then, the lower bound was improved to 1 + √2 ≈ 2.41 by Christodoulou, Kotsoupias, and Vidali, and then to 1 + Φ ≈ 2.618 by Kotsoupias and Vidali. The lower bound was improved to 2.755 by Giannakopoulos, Hammerl, and Pocas. In this paper we further improve the bound to 3-δ, for every constant δ > 0.
Note that a gap between the upper bound and the lower bounds exists even when the number of machines and jobs is very small. In particular, the known 1 + √2 lower bound requires at least 3 machines and 5 jobs. In contrast, we show a lower bound of 2.2055 that uses only 3 machines and 3 jobs and a lower bound of 1 + √2 that uses only 3 machines and 4 jobs. For the case of two machines and two jobs we show a lower bound of 2. Similar bounds for two machines and two jobs were known before but only via complex proofs that characterized all truthful mechanisms that provide a finite approximation ratio in this setting, whereas our new proof uses a simple and direct approach.
Neural networks determination of material elastic constants and structures in nematic complex fluids
Authors: Zaplotnik Jaka , Pišljar Jaka , Škarabot Miha , Ravnik Miha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Supervised machine learning and artificial neural network approaches can allow for the determination of selected material parameters or structures from a measurable signal without knowing the exact mathematical relationship between them. Here, we demonstrate that material nematic elastic constants and the initial structural material configuration can be found using sequential neural networks applied to the transmmited time-dependent light intensity through the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) sample under crossed polarizers. Specifically, we simulate multiple times the relaxation of the NLC from a random (qeunched) initial state to the equilibirum for random values of elastic constants and, simultaneously, the transmittance of the sample for monochromatic polarized light. The obtained time-dependent light transmittances and the corresponding elastic constants form a training data set on which the neural network is trained, which allows for the determination of the elastic constants, as well as the initial state of the director. Finally, we demonstrate that the neural network trained on numerically generated examples can also be used to determine elastic constants from experimentally measured data, finding good agreement between experiments and neural network predictions.