bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can High and Consistent School‐Related Protective Factors Prevent Cannabis Use Among American Indian Middle School Students?
Authors: Henry Kimberly L. , Stanley Linda R. , Swaim Randall C. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDHigh cannabis use rates among American Indian (AI) adolescents necessitate the identification of factors that protect against early cannabis initiation.METHODSData collected from 279 AI middle school students attending reservation‐based schools in 2018 and 2019 were analyzed. Three waves of data, with approximately 6 months between each, were used. A repeated measures latent class analysis examined a school‐related protective factor index over three waves. The predictive power of lifetime cannabis use on school protection class membership was estimated, along with differences in past month cannabis use at follow‐up 2 across school protection classes while holding baseline use constant.RESULTSFour school protection classes were identified: high, moderate, low, and declining protection. Abstinence at baseline was associated with an increased odds of membership in the high protection class compared to the moderate and low protection classes. Students with consistent and high school protection throughout middle school were significantly less likely to report past month cannabis use at follow‐up 2 compared to other classes.IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITYMaintaining a high level of school protection throughout middle school substantially lowers the odds of cannabis use among AI adolescents.CONCLUSIONSInterventions to promote school‐related protective factors in this population are essential and should be designed and tested.
Evaluation of real‐time polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of protozoal myeloencephalitis in horses using cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Enriquez Carla Katherine , Morrow Jennifer K. , Graves Amy , Johnson Amy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEquine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) caused bySarcocystis neuronaremains an antemortem diagnostic challenge in some horses. Recent work suggested the use of real‐time PCR (rtPCR) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a promising diagnostic tool.ObjectiveTo evaluate the sensitivity and specificity ofS. neuronartPCR on CSF for EPM diagnosis using horses with EPM andS. neurona‐seropositive horses with other neurologic conditions.AnimalsNinety‐nine horses with neurologic disease that underwent complete neurologic examination, CSF collection, and, if euthanized, necropsy including the central nervous system (CNS).MethodsRetrospective case‐control study using banked CSF samples. Samples from horses with neurologic abnormalities and necropsy‐confirmed EPM diagnosis, presumptive EPM diagnosis using strict criteria (SnSAG2/4/3 ELISA serum:CSF titer ratios <50) and horses diagnosed with other neurologic diseases were used.ResultsFifty‐two horses had EPM; 23 were confirmed on necropsy, and 29 were presumptive clinical diagnoses. The other 47 horses all had necropsy‐confirmed diagnoses. Four of the 47 horses had normal neurologic findings on necropsy and the remaining 43 horses had neurologic diseases including equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (EDM), cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy, trauma, and other miscellaneous conditions. One CSF sample was weakly positive forS. neuronaby rtPCR, this sample was obtained from a horse with confirmed EDM. Samples from the other 98 horses were negative forS. neuronaby rtPCR.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOur study contradicts previous conclusions thatS. neuronartPCR is potentially useful for EPM diagnosis, because our results indicate that the assay has a low sensitivity (0%) for EPM.
A prospective evaluation of the prevalence of thromboemboli and associated hemostatic dysfunction in dogs with carcinoma or sarcoma
Authors: Pazzi Paolo , Fosgate Geoffrey T. , Rixon Anouska , Hanekom Josef , Kristensen Annemarie T. , Goddard Amelia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of the prevalence of thromboemboli and the associated hemostatic status in dogs with carcinoma or sarcoma is unknown and might allow earlier intervention.ObjectivesEstimate prevalence of thromboemboli and their association with hemostatic changes in dogs with carcinomas or sarcomas; estimate predictive values of hemostatic variables for thromboembolic disease in tumor‐bearing dogs.AnimalsThirty‐two dogs with sarcoma, 30 with carcinoma, 20 healthy age‐controlled dogs.MethodsProspective cross‐sectional study. A hemostasis panel (platelet concentration, thromboelastography, fibrinogen and D‐dimer concentration, factor X, VII and antithrombin activity) was performed in all dogs. Tumor‐bearing dogs underwent complete post mortem and histopathological evaluation. Comparisons between healthy dogs and tumor‐bearing dogs with and without intracavitary hemorrhage; and tumor‐bearing dogs with and without microthrombi were analyzed.ResultsThromboembolic disease was identified in 32/62 (52%, 95% CI: 39%‐65%) tumor‐bearing dogs. Microthrombi were identified in 31/62 (50%, 95% CI: 37%‐63%) dogs, 21/31 (68%, 95% CI: 49%‐83%) had exclusively intra‐tumoral microthrombi, 10/31 (32%, 95% CI: 17%‐51%) had distant microthrombi. Macrothrombi were identified in 3 tumor‐bearing dogs. Hemostatic changes potentially consistent with overt and non‐overt disseminated intravascular coagulation were identified in some tumor‐bearing dogs. D‐dimer concentrations were significantly higher (P = .02) and platelet concentration significantly lower (P = .03) in tumor‐bearing dogs with microthrombi compared to tumor‐bearing dogs without microthrombi. D‐dimer concentration above 500 ng/mL was 80% sensitive and 41% specific for the prediction of microthrombi presence.ConclusionThe high microthrombi prevalence and concomitant hemostatic dysfunction in dogs with carcinomas or sarcomas has not previously been reported, though the clinical importance is unknown. Increased D‐dimer concentration might increase suspicion of microthrombi.
Seasonal and diel patterns in Pacific white‐sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens) pulsed calls near Barkley Canyon
Authors: Kanes K. S. Jasper , Dosso Stan E. , Insua Tania Lado , Mouy Xavier , Bateman Andrew 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEvaluation of temporal patterns in offshore marine mammal activity through visual data collection can be impaired by light and weather conditions and the cost of ship time. The conditions‐independence and cost‐efficacy of acoustic data collection make it popular for researching the temporal patterns of wild dolphins. However, Pacific white‐sided dolphins (PWSDs) north of Southern California remain under‐researched. This study evaluates diel and seasonal patterns in PWSD communication signals detected in 480 days of near‐continuous passive acoustic data collected over 20 months from the Barkley Canyon node of Ocean Networks Canada's NEPTUNE observatory, offshore Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. In this study, a random forest classifier is used to identify PWSD pulsed calls and false positives are manually removed. The resulting acoustic presence‐absence data set is evaluated for seasonal and diel patterns using generalized additive mixed models, considering masking effects from ambient noise. PWSDs are found to be vocally active during all diel periods year‐round, with high summer and low spring activity. Seasonally dependent diel patterns are identified, with PWSD pulsed calls exhibiting no diel pattern in spring, a slight increase in vocal activity during dusk and night in fall and winter, and a notable increase during night and dawn in summer.
Diatom adhesive trail proteins acquired by horizontal gene transfer from bacteria serve as primers for marine biofilm formation
Authors: Zackova Suchanova Jirina , Bilcke Gust , Romanowska Beata , Fatlawi Ali , Pippel Martin , Skeffington Alastair , Schroeder Michael , Vyverman Wim , Vandepoele Klaas , Kröger Nils , Poulsen Nicole 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Biofilm‐forming benthic diatoms are key primary producers in coastal habitats, where they frequently dominate sunlit intertidal substrata. The development of gliding motility in raphid diatoms was a key molecular adaptation that contributed to their evolutionary success. However, the structure–function correlation between diatom adhesives utilized for gliding and their relationship to the extracellular matrix that constitutes the diatom biofilm is unknown.
Here, we have used proteomics, immunolocalization, comparative genomics, phylogenetics and structural homology analysis to investigate the evolutionary history and function of diatom adhesive proteins.
Our study identified eight proteins from the adhesive trails of Craspedostauros australis, of which four form a new protein family called Trailins that contain an enigmatic Choice‐of‐Anchor A (CAA) domain, which was acquired through horizontal gene transfer from bacteria. Notably, the CAA‐domain shares a striking structural similarity with one of the most widespread domains found in ice‐binding proteins (IPR021884).
Our work offers new insights into the molecular basis for diatom biofilm formation, shedding light on the function and evolution of diatom adhesive proteins. This discovery suggests that there is a transition in the composition of biomolecules required for initial surface colonization and those utilized for 3D biofilm matrix formation.
Enzyme‐based kinetic modelling of ASC–GSH cycle during tomato fruit development reveals the importance of reducing power and ROS availability
Authors: Decros Guillaume , Dussarrat Thomas , Baldet Pierre , Cassan Cédric , Cabasson Cécile , Dieuaide‐Noubhani Martine , Destailleur Alice , Flandin Amélie , Prigent Sylvain , Mori Kentaro , Colombié Sophie , Jorly Joana , Gibon Yves , Beauvoit Bertrand , Pétriacq Pierre 
Published: August 2023

Summary
The ascorbate–glutathione (ASC–GSH) cycle is at the heart of redox metabolism, linking the major redox buffers with central metabolism through the processing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pyridine nucleotide metabolism. Tomato fruit development is underpinned by changes in redox buffer contents and their associated enzyme capacities, but interactions between them remain unclear.
Based on quantitative data obtained for the core redox metabolism, we built an enzyme‐based kinetic model to calculate redox metabolite concentrations with their corresponding fluxes and control coefficients.
Dynamic and associated regulations of the ASC–GSH cycle throughout the whole fruit development were analysed and pointed to a sequential metabolic control of redox fluxes by ASC synthesis, NAD(P)H and ROS availability depending on the developmental phase. Furthermore, we highlighted that monodehydroascorbate reductase and the availability of reducing power were found to be the main regulators of the redox state of ASC and GSH during fruit growth under optimal conditions.
Our kinetic modelling approach indicated that tomato fruit development displayed growth phase‐dependent redox metabolism linked with central metabolism via pyridine nucleotides and H2O2 availability, while providing a new tool to the scientific community to investigate redox metabolism in fruits.
TRIMETHYLGUANOSINE SYNTHASE1 mutations decanalize female germline development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Siena Lorena A. , Michaud Caroline , Selles Benjamin , Vega Juan Manuel , Pessino Silvina C. , Ingouff Mathieu , Ortiz Juan Pablo A. , Leblanc Olivier 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Here, we report the characterization of a plant RNA methyltransferase, orthologous to yeast trimethylguanosine synthase1 (Tgs1p) and whose downregulation was associated with apomixis in Paspalum grasses.
Using phylogenetic analyses and yeast complementation, we determined that land plant genomes all encode a conserved, specific TGS1 protein. Next, we studied the role of TGS1 in female reproduction using reporter lines and loss‐of‐function mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana.
pAtTGS1:AtTGS1 reporters showed a dynamic expression pattern. They were highly active in the placenta and ovule primordia at emergence but, subsequently, showed weak signals in the nucellus. Although expressed throughout gametophyte development, activity became restricted to the female gamete and was also detected after fertilization during embryogenesis. TGS1 depletion altered the specification of the precursor cells that give rise to the female gametophytic generation and to the sporophyte, resulting in the formation of a functional aposporous‐like lineage.
Our results indicate that TGS1 participates in the mechanisms restricting cell fate acquisition to a single cell at critical transitions throughout the female reproductive lineage and, thus, expand our current knowledge of the mechanisms governing female reproductive fate in plants.
Can dietary proteins selectively reduce either the visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissues?
Authors: Nilaweera Kanishka N. , Cotter Paul D. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThere is a considerable appeal for interventions that can selectively reduce either the visceral or subcutaneous white adipose tissues in humans and other species because of their associated impact on outcomes related to metabolic health. Here, we reviewed the data related to the specificity of five interventions to affect the two depots in humans and rodents. The interventions relate to the use of dietary proteins, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, calorie restriction, or bariatric surgery. The available data show that calorie restriction and bariatric surgery reduce both visceral and subcutaneous tissues, whereas there is no consistency in the effect of monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. Dietary proteins, more specifically, whey proteins show efficacy to reduce one or both depots based on how the proteins interact with other macronutrients in the diet. We provide evidence that this specificity is related to changes in the composition and the functional potential of the gut microbiota and the resulting metabolites produced by these microorganisms. The effect of the sex of the host is also discussed. This knowledge may help to develop nutritional approaches to deplete either the visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissues and improve metabolic health in humans and other species.
Eugenic appropriations of the goddess Isis: Reproduction and racial superiority in theosophical feminist writings
Authors: Albrecht Jessica A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe goddess Isis continues to be an influential figure for the notion of the Divine Feminine in contemporary esoteric and popular thought. However, looking back into the history of modern esotericism, the image of the goddess Isis has been used by Theosophists such as Florence Farr and Frances Swiney to argue for their feminist and more importantly eugenic interpretations of the power of that goddess. This article examines the writings of these two Theosophists together to highlight the eugenics aspects of their vision of Isis as the perfect mother and the superwoman. Through this, Isis became a symbol for a specific gendered aspect of religious eugenics by changing the meaning of the Divine Feminine. This is one of the roots of contemporary Isis interpretations leading to a prevalent idea of fertility and the gendered divine.
Professor Andreas Graner: driven by the quest to unlock crop plant genomes for conservation and utilization of germplasm for breeding
Authors: Varshney Rajeev K. , Stein Nils , Reif Jochen 
Published: August 2023

SummaryProfessor Andreas Graner stands as a towering figure in international crop plant genomics research, leaving an indelible imprint on the field over the past four decades. As we commemorate the 80th anniversary of Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany and Professor Graner's retirement in September 2023, here we celebrate and acknowledge his profound impact on crop genome analyses and genebank genomics. His trailblazing work extends from developing the first integrated RFLP map of barley, establishing the foundation of barley genome sequencing, and advancing functional genomics of malting quality, to pioneering the use of high‐throughput phenomics. As the dedicated custodian of Germany's largest ex situ genebank at IPK Gatersleben, Professor Graner has fortified the institution's collection management and crop research, thereby contributing significantly to global efforts on conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources through genomics approaches. Alongside his impressive array of scientific achievements, Professor Graner's inspiring mentorship has nurtured a new generation of scientists, including us, leaving a lasting legacy in the field. This tribute underscores his enduring influence and celebrates his unwavering dedication to the scientific community.
Can we combine practical and epistemic reason?
Authors: Bradley Darren 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper offers a theory of how epistemic and practical reasons for belief can be combined into all‐things‐considered reason. Unlike alternative theories, it does not involve any sharp cut‐offs or lexical priorities among types of reason. The theory allows that the relative strengths of the practical and epistemic reasons matter, as does the distance between the epistemically rational credence and the practically rational credence. Although there are important differences between the structure of epistemic and practical reason, they can still be combined in a satisfactory way. The central idea is that epistemic reason determines an epistemically rational doxastic state, and practical reason can push it around.
Role of interleukin‐36γ induced by ultraviolet radiation in chronic actinic dermatitis
Authors: Wang Li , Tu Yunhua , Wu Wenjuan , Tu Ying , Yang Zhenghui , Chai Yanjie , Yang Xinwang , He Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) is an immune‐mediated photodermatosis characterized by a high eosinophil count and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the peripheral blood of patients. At present, however, the reasons for their elevation remain unclear.ObjectiveThe current study aimed to detect changes in inflammatory cytokines in CAD and explore their role in this disease.MethodsEnzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and Luminex assay were conducted to measure inflammatory factor levels. Immunohistochemical analysis and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction were performed to evaluate the expression levels of interleukin‐36γ (IL‐36γ), IL‐8, chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 17 (CCL17), and CCL18. CCK8 kits were used to assess cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence was used to detect nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) p65 nuclear translocation. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein expression level of phosphorylated NF‐κB (p‐NF‐κB) p65. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining were applied to observe histological changes in a chronic photo‐damaged mouse model.ResultsEosinophils, total IgE, IL‐36γ, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor α, CCL17, and CCL18 were elevated in CAD. Of note, IL‐36γ promoted the proliferation of eosinophilic cells (EOL‐1) and the production of IgE in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. IL‐36γ also promoted the production of IL‐8 and CCL18 in immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), while ultraviolet radiation (UVR)‐induced IL‐36γ via activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway.ConclusionsIL‐36γ was involved in the pathogenesis of CAD and UVR contributed to the production of IL‐36γ, which may provide a novel therapeutic target for CAD.
Soybean red crown rot: Current knowledge and future challenges
Authors: Jiang Chang‐Jie , Xie Xianzhi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoybean red crown rot (RCR) is caused by the soilborne fungal pathogenCalonectria ilicicola. It causes root rot, leaf senescence, early defoliation, plant wilting and even death, often resulting in a severe reduction in seed yield and quality.C. ilicicolais an extremely difficult pathogen to control owing to its wide host range and long survival in soil and plant debris. Currently, no practically effective fungicide for this pathogen is available. Breeding for resistance is considered the most effective and environmentally acceptable means of disease management, but noC. ilicicola‐resistant soybean variety has yet been identified. Given this situation, it is necessary to promote our understanding of the mechanism of RCR incidence and the development of a comprehensive and sustainable RCR management strategy urgently.
A data‐driven method for identifying the locations of hurricane evacuations from mobile phone location data
Authors: Washington Valerie , Guikema Seth , Mondisa Joi‐Lynn , Misra Aditi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHow evacuations are managed can substantially impact the risks faced by affected communities. Having a better understanding of the mobility patterns of evacuees can improve the planning and management of these evacuations. Although mobility patterns during evacuations have traditionally been studied through surveys, mobile phone location data can be used to capture these movements for a greater number of evacuees over a larger geographic area. Several approaches have been used to identify hurricane evacuation patterns from location data; however, each approach relies on researcher judgment to first determine the areas from which evacuations occurred and then identify evacuations by determining when an individual spends a specified number of nights away from home. This approach runs the risk of detecting non‐evacuation behaviors (e.g., work trips, vacations, etc.) and incorrectly labeling them as evacuations where none occurred. In this article, we developed a data‐driven method to determine which areas experienced evacuations. With this approach, we inferred home locations of mobile phone users, calculated their departure times, and determined if an evacuation may have occurred by comparing the number of departures around the time of the hurricane against historical trends. As a case study, we applied this method to location data from Hurricanes Matthew and Irma to identify areas that experienced evacuations and illustrate how this method can be used to detect changes in departure behavior leading up to and following a hurricane. We validated and examined the inferred homes for representativeness and validated observed evacuation trends against past studies.
Computational fluid dynamics simulation of hemodynamic changes in a hemodialysis patient with central venous stenosis treated with stent
Authors: Teng Biyun , Fu Qining , Wang Zhe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe comment on the recently published to investigate hemodynamic changes in central venous stenosis patients before and after stent placement. Through the evidence, we believe that the boundary conditions in computational models and simulations of this study are incorrect in three points.