bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of α2,3- and α2,6-Linked Sialylated N/O-Glycan Isomers in Human Seminal Plasma by an Improved Glycoqueuing Strategy
Authors: Jin Wanjun , Li Cheng , Wang Chengjian , Wei Ming , Sun Yuanlin , Yang Qingzhen , Wang Zhongfu , Huang Linjuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

N/O-glycans in human seminal plasma (hSP) proteins regulate semen adhesion and liquefaction, sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction, and sperm-egg fusion. Given that different glycan isomers in hSP, such as α2,3- or α2,6-sialylated N/O-glycans, determine different activities, yet their differentiation have not been realized so far. We employed our previously improved glycoqueuing strategy for isomer-specific quantitative analysis of sialylated N/O-glycans released from hSP. A total of 23 α2,6- and 12 α2,3-sialylated N-glycan isomers were detected, and the relative abundance of α2,6-sialylation was 61.40%. Seven monosialic and five disialylated O-glycans were observed, and all of them were α2,3-linked. Nonsialylated N/O-glycan isomers were also quantified by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Twenty-one nonsialylated N-glycan isomers were detected, of which half were of the oligomannose or complex type, with only trace amounts of hybrid glycans. All 26 nonsialylated O-glycans were core I or II structures, and the four isomers of H2N1F1 and H2N1F2, composed of hexose (H), N-acetylgalactosamine (N), and fucose (F), were found for the first time. Sialylated and nonsialylated N/O-glycans were highly fucosylated (16.98–67.92%). These detailed structure and distribution information will contribute to further research on the molecular mechanism of hSP glycan components regulating reproductive processes.
Nature of species diversity in stochastic ecological systems
Authors: Singh R.K. Brojen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Coexistence of species in multi-species competition is a complex dynamics in ecosystem driven by various internal and external mechanisms to maintain species diversity and enriched species society. Demographic stochasticity, arising from intrinsic random individual birth and death, intra-species and inter-species interaction, and species resource interaction, is one important parameter which can drive competing multi-species for a single resource to coexist in the regime where species coexistence in its deterministic counterpart is not possible. The distribution of mean abundances of single or competing species in various parameter spaces of the ecosystem exhibit patterns of species group formation with varied sizes and distributions. The species correlation with resources forecasts the prediction of endangered, strongly competing and comparatively stable species depending on its values. The emergence of number of positively correlated species with resource or a reference species indicates the possibility of inter-species group formation in the ecosystem. However, the distributions of these numbers of positively correlated species follow negatively skewed Poisson distributions indicating the patterns of inter-species group formation breaks down at long run.
The effectiveness of dual-active ingredient insecticide treated bed nets at reducing malaria transmission in Burkina Faso: Results from the New Nets Project pilot evaluation observational analyses
Authors: Gansané Adama , Gogue Christelle , Guelbeogo Wamdaogo Moussa , Debe Siaka , Kagone Moubassira , Kinda Rene , Tapsoba Michel , Sanou Antoine , Soré Harouna , Kangoye David , Arnett Kyra , Davis Kelly , Shannon Jenny , Digre Peder , Mwesigwa Julia , Tynuv Kenzie , Guglielmo Federica , Fornadel Christen , Nfalé Sagnon , Robertson Molly , Wagman Joseph 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As part of the New Nets Project, new insecticide-treated net (ITN) types, Interceptor® G2 (BASF) (IG2) and PermaNet® 3.0 (Vestergaard SA) (PBO), were included in a select number of districts during the 2019 universal coverage campaign in Burkina Faso. This manuscript describes the results of the observational study that accompanied the IG2 and PBO distributions, designed to evaluate their effectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness compared to standard pyrethroid-only ITNs (Interceptor®) in the unique Burkinabe context.
Methods
The observational study design used enhanced surveillance within the study districts of Gaoua, Banfora, and Orodara. Activities included annual cross-sectional surveys during peak transmission seasons, monthly entomological surveillance, monthly passive case detection using routine surveillance systems, and qualitative studies on human behavior and ITN use patterns. Collected data compared changes in malaria transmission, disease burden, and vector behavior in districts receiving one of the new net types to the district receiving standard pyrethroid-only ITNs from 2019 to 2022.
Results
The ITN distribution campaign increased net ownership and use across all study districts. Two years after mass campaigns, ITN ownership (above 90%) and use (above 85%) in IG2 and PBO districts remained high, though use was under 40% in the standard ITN district. The entomological data showed that total biting rates declined in Gaoua (standard ITNs) and Banfora (IG2s). In Orodara, the PBO district, mosquito biting rates increased slightly. However, prevalence among children under 5 years old fell by a greater magnitude in Orodara—from 28.4% in 2019 to 3.7% in 2020. The overall reductions in malaria case incidence rates were significant for both types of next generation ITNs (19% greater reductions associated with IG2 and 25% greater reductions associated with PBO), and in each case the improved effect relative to standard ITNs was well sustained for the duration of the study.
Conclusions
Changes in under 5 prevalence and all-age incidence from baseline to Year 1–3 clearly showed that ITN distribution campaigns were associated with reductions in malaria transmission, independent of ITN type; but the reductions were more effective and sustained in the PBO and IG2 ITN districts compared to the standard ITN district.
A compact modularized power-supply system for stable flow generation in microfluidic devices
Authors: Li Weihao , Zhuge Wuyang , Jiang Youwei , Jiang Kyle , Ding Jun , Cheng Xing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The miniaturization of microfluidic systems plays a pivotal role in achieving portability and compactness. However, conventional microfluidic systems heavily rely on external bulky facilities, such as syringe pumps and compressed air supplies, for continuous flow, which restricts their dissemination across various applications. To address this limitation, micropumps have emerged as a potential solution for portable power supply in microfluidic systems, with piezoelectric micropumps being widely adopted. Nonetheless, the inherent pulsatile mechanism of piezoelectric micropumps leads to unstable flow, necessitating appropriate mitigation for applications requiring flow stability. This research introduces an innovative hybrid pumping system that integrates a wirelessly controlled micropump with a 3D-printed modular microfluidic low-pass-filter. The primary objective of this system is to offer a portable and stable flow source for microfluidic applications. The system design and characterization are based on a three-element circuit model. Experimental results demonstrate a highly stabilized flowrate of 657 ± 7 µL/min. Furthermore, the versatility of the system is showcased by successfully forming droplets with a polydispersity ranging from 1.5–4%, comparable to that of bulky commercial pumping systems. This hybrid pumping system offers a promising solution for applications necessitating portable and stable flow sources, and its reconfigurability suggests potential integration into multifunctional microfluidic platforms.
Unveiling Urinary Biomarkers, Crucial Genes, and Immune Infiltration in Lupus Nephritis Patients
Authors: Zeng Huiqiong , Xie Zhongyu , Hu Haofei , Chen Shuai , Zhou Kaixia , Wang Zhigang , Luo Baiwei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study was conducted to investigate the expression patterns and biological roles of urinary long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in individuals diagnosed with lupus nephritis (LN).
Methods
The study cohort comprised six participants: three with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involving LN, three with SLE without LN, and three healthy controls (CON). Microarray technology was employed to analyze urinary mRNAs and lncRNAs, thereby exploring alterations in overall RNA expression. Functional insights into dysregulated differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) associated with LN were derived through gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Furthermore, the construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was accomplished using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). The identification of immune-related cell types was facilitated by Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). To predict potential drug candidates based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Connectivity Map (CMap) analysis was conducted.
Results
Within the urine samples of SLE patients, a total of 247 mRNAs and 602 lncRNAs exhibited differential expression relative to the control group. Among these, 83 down-regulated and 141 up-regulated DEMs were specifically discerned in patients with LN. GO analysis of the network highlighted enrichment in processes such as transcriptional regulation, intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways in response to DNA damage, and the regulation of mitophagy. KEGG pathway analysis primarily revealed enrichment in protein processing within the endoplasmic reticulum, apoptosis, and the P53 signaling pathway. Co-expression and PPI network analysis suggested that nodes with higher degrees of connectivity were concentrated in pathways related to apoptosis and autophagy. An assessment of immune infiltration unveiled a correlation between activated B cells and CD56dim natural killer (NK) cells with LN pathogenesis. The prediction of drugs implicated inhibition of mechanistic Aurora kinase A (AURKA) as a primary targeted intervention. The molecular docking process confirmed the robust binding activity of hub genes' components.
Conclusion
This study has illuminated the distinct expression profiles of urinary long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in lupus nephritis (LN) patients. These profiles, particularly in the context of apoptosis, autophagy, and immune cell involvement, provide valuable insights into LN's underlying mechanisms. The identification of potential therapeutic targets, such as mechanistic AURKA, offers promising directions for future interventions in LN management.
Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-nitrogen reactive flame retardant and its application on cotton fabric
Authors: Ma Chao , Zhang Yixia , Li Zhiguang , Zhou Change , Li Rong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A novel halogen-free, formaldehyde-free, phosphorus-nitrogen-based flame retardant (FR), ammonium salt of erythritol phosphoric ester acid (AEPEA), was synthesized and coated onto cotton fabrics to increase the flame resistance of cotton. The structure of AEPEA was characterized by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR) and X-ray photoelectric spectrometer (XPS) results proved that AEPEA was chemical grafted on the cotton through P-O-C bond. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of cotton treated with 300 g/L AEPEA reached 40.1% and the carbon length was 4.2 cm. After 50 laundering cycles (LCs), the LOI value could still reach 27.8%. Thermo-gravimetric (TG) and cone calorimetry test (CCT) were used to further investigate the flame retardancy and thermal stability of cotton fabric, and the results proved that the thermal stability of treated cotton was greatly improved. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that there was no significant change on the surface of treated cotton. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the crystalline morphology of cotton fabric was almost unchanged after flame-retardant finishing. Besides, the mechanical properties of the treated cotton only decreased slightly.
Novel chemical structure discovery glucosodiene as an isomer of glucose alkaline compound resulting from the substitution reaction between dextrose and sodium bicarbonate.
Authors: Akl Maher Monir. , Ahmed Amr 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research manuscript describes the preparation of a new compound, glucosodiene, through the substitution reaction between dextrose and sodium bicarbonate. The resulting compound, 1-Deoxy-1-(1-methylbutyl)-D-glucitol, was characterized using NMR analysis. This manuscript also presents evidence supporting the formation of this compound, its physical organic mechanism, and its similarity to glucose.
Out-of-equilibrium dynamics of two interacting optically-trapped particles
Authors: Dotsenko Victor S , Imparato Alberto , Viot Pascal , Oshanin Gleb 
Published: August 2023

We present a theoretical analysis of a non-equilibrium dynamics in a model system consisting of two particles which move randomly on a plane. The two particles interact via a harmonic potential, experience their own (independent from each other) noises characterized by two different temperatures T_1T1 and T_2T2, and each particle is being held by its own optical tweezer. Such a system with two particles coupled by hydrodynamic interactions was previously realised experimentally in Bérut et al. [EPL 107, 60004 (2014)], and the difference between two temperatures has been achieved by exerting an additional noise on either of the tweezers. Framing the dynamics in terms of two coupled over-damped Langevin equations, we show that the system reaches a non-equilibrium steady-state with non-zero (for T_1 \neq T_2T1≠T2) probability currents that possess non-zero curls. As a consequence, in this system the particles are continuously spinning around their centers of mass in a completely synchronized way - the curls of currents at the instantaneous positions of two particles have the same magnitude and sign. Moreover, we demonstrate that the components of currents of two particles are strongly correlated and undergo a rotational motion along closed elliptic orbits.
Effects of aerosol emission changes on sea ice concentration and thickness in the Russian Arctic during the 2020 lockdown
Authors: Panicker Dency V. , Vachharajani Bhasha H. , Srivastava Rohit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
During the COVID-19 lockdown, large industries in the Russian Arctic region were closed for two months, leading to a significant reduction in anthropogenic aerosol emissions. This decline in aerosols resulted in a decrease in the human-made aerosol cooling effect. The strict lockdown measures implemented after 18 March 2020 caused a drastic downward fall in considered aerosols. Consequently, there was an impact on air temperature, with temperature differences exceeding 3 K in November and February, while clear-sky top net solar flux values were greater than 13 W m−2. Throughout the lockdown period, the Russian Arctic's annual area average sea ice concentration was 7.72% in 2019 and 7.64% in 2020. The decrease in radiation-scattering pollutants contributed to an increase in global warming. Some pollutants, like sulfur, carbon dioxide, and methane, produced a cooling effect by mitigating greenhouse gases, which could affect the speed of sea ice melt. However, due to the short duration of the pandemic, it remains challenging to determine whether the aerosol changes accelerated or decelerated the sea ice melting process.
MiRNAs: Emerging Agents for Therapeutic Effects of Polyphenols on
Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Badehnoosh Bita , Rajabpoor Nikoo Nesa , Asemi Reza , Shafabakhsh Rana , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
In terms of female reproductive tract cancers, ovarian cancer remains the principal reason
for mortality globally and is notably difficult to identify in its early stages. This fact highlights the
critical need to establish prevention strategies for patients with ovarian cancer, look for new robust
diagnostic and prognostic markers, and identify potential targets of response to treatment. MicroRNAs
(miRNAs) are one of the novel treatment targets in cancer treatment. Thus, understanding the part of
miRNAs in the pathogenesis and metastasis of ovarian cancer is at the center of researchers' attention.
MiRNAs are suggested to play a role in modulating many essential cancer processes, like cell proliferation,
apoptosis, differentiation, adhesion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and invasion.
In two recent decades, natural polyphenols' anti-cancer features have been a focal point of research.
Meanwhile, polyphenols are good research subjects for developing new cancer treatments. Polyphenols
can modify miRNA expression and impact the function of transcription factors when used as dietary
supplements. Multiple works have indicated the impact of polyphenols, including quercetin,
genistein, curcumin, and resveratrol, on miRNA expression in vitro and in vivo. Here, we provide an
in-depth description of four polyphenols used as dietary supplements: quercetin, genistein, curcumin,
and resveratrol, and we summarize what is currently known about their regulatory abilities on influencing
the miRNA functions in ovarian tumors to achieve therapeutic approaches.
Lophomonas Infection in Patients with Respiratory Diseases in Southeastern Iran Using Wet Mount, Giemsa and Trichrome Staining
Authors: Shamsaddini Saeedeh , Samareh Fekri Mitra , Shafiepour Mohsen , Kamyabi Hossein , Aghassi Hossein , Borhani Mehdi , Babaei Zahra , Harandi Majid Fasihi 
Published: August 2023

Background:
In developing countries, pulmonary infections are one of the major causes of death because the incidence and prevalence of pulmonary diseases have increased dramatically. Several species of protozoa can be found in the respiratory system. Pulmonary protozoan infections are increasingly identified in clinical settings. Protozoans within the genus Lophomonas are endo-commensals of the hindgut of arthropods. Recently the trophozoite forms of Lophomonas have been observed in human tissues. Little is known about the occurrence of these protozoa in the Iranian population.

Objective:
This study was designed to determine the prevalence of Lophomonas in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from the patients with respiratory diseases referred in Kerman province, southeast of Iran.

Methods:
A total of 200 patients were selected by simple random sampling. BAL samples were transferred to the Parasitology lab, direct smears were prepared for each specimen and two staining methods, Giemsa and Trichrome were performed for Lophomonas microscopical identification. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.

Results:
Lophomonas trophozoites were found in 48 (24%) patients, at least in one of the methods. The mean age of the patients was 58.3 years (58.1 in men, 58.4 in women). Out of 200 samples, 45 (22.5%), 30 (15%), and 11(5.5%) were positive by wet mount microscopy, Giemsa, and Trichrome staining, respectively.

Conclusion:
This study presented the first finding of Lophomonas infection in patients with pulmo-nary symptoms in southeast Iran.
Intrapancreatic Accessory Spleen Diagnosed by Size Reduction after
Immunosuppressive Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Tursem Tokmak Turgut , Burak Lacin Mahmut , Gencer Humeyra 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS) is a congenital entity that can be confused with malignant distal pancreatic masses. Radiologic imaging and radionuclide imaging have an important place in the diagnosis of IPAS.

Case report:
Blood tests were performed on a 36-year-old female patient who presented with tachypnea, tachycardia, pain in the joints, and pain in the left abdominal quadrant. Laboratory test results were as follows: hemoglobin value 6.0 mg/dl, sedimentation 120, aspartate transaminase (AST) 150U/L, and alanine transaminase level (ALT) 110U/ L. Additional laboratory tests and ultrasonography were performed. The anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) level was 800 IU/ml. C3 and C4 values were both 0.64 IU/ml, with anti-Ro-52 +++(three positive) and anti-Ro-60 ++ (two positive). A clinical diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was made. Ultrasonography and dynamic contrast-enhanced upper abdominal MRI showed lesions suggestive of multiple hemangiomas in the liver and a 29x18 mm lesion in the tail of the pancreas with a similar appearance as the spleen. SLE treatment was started. Scintigraphy was recommended for the diagnosis of IPAS. Scintigraphy was performed in the third week of the treatment. Uptake was not observed. In the second month of the treatment, a control upper abdominal MRI was performed, and a decrease in the size of the lesion was observed.

Conclusion:
IPAS can be confused with pancreatic masses. Lack of uptake in scintigraphy may be due to treatment protocols that produce low phagocytic activity. If radiological imaging findings are compatible, a reduction in lesion size after immunosuppressive therapy can be accepted as evidence for the diagnosis of IPAS.
Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Connective Tissue Disease-related Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases
Authors: Wang Bonnie , Nagaraja Vivek 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Fibrotic interstitial lung disease is an important driver of morbidity and mortality in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD). Due to the lack of prospective randomized trial data in this population, practice pattern variation exists in the management of patients with CTD.

Case Presentation:
This case series describes three patients, each with a different background of autoimmunity complicated by fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). We review their initial presentations, follow their disease trajectories on currently available treatments, and reference forthcoming clinical trials.

Conclusion:
Clinical impact or potential implications. Response to immunosuppression and antifibrotic therapy is variable in patients with connective tissue disease-related fibrosing interstitial lung disease. Data from prospective clinical trials and longitudinal registry studies will conceivably provide additional insight into improving care for these patients.
Aproximación a la mímesis y a la hermenéutica analógica y su aplicación a la ficción narrativa de Juan José Arreola.
Authors: Evangelista Ávila Iram-Isai , Mendoza-Negrete Jesús-Erbey , Macías-Durán. Bertha-Alicia 
Published: August 2023

Se ejemplifica el término de Mímesis analógica como recurso literario, y marca la diferencia con respecto a la conceptualización platónica como copia. Asimismo, la Mímesis analógica se apoya en la Mímesis que Paul Ricœur desarrolla en su trabajo teórico. El concepto por tratar conlleva el pensamiento del autor a manera de doxografía y encierra una verdad metafórica. Lo anterior se expone en relieve con la cuentística de Juan José Arreola, donde el autor elabora una recreación de su pensamiento y lo manifiesta dentro de su narrativa. El método que se utiliza en la aplicación es la Hermenéutica analógica de Mauricio Beuchot.
The Great Depression and the New Deal: Transient Division Newsletter from Macon, Georgia
Authors: Matthes Summer , Mulick Rachel Danna , Wilkerson Jordan 
Published: August 2023

Vol 4. No. 2 (2023). This issue of SourceLab introduces readers to New Deal, a transient camp newsletter published in Macon, Georgia in 1934. This publication is part of the digital documentary edition series SourceLab, based at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Our Editorial Board conducts rigorous peer-review of every edition.