bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controllable Regulation of Ag2S Quantum‐Dot‐Mediated Protein Nanoassemblies for Imaging‐Guided Synergistic PDT/PTT/Chemotherapy against Hypoxic Tumor
Authors: He Mengjie , Cheng Ziyi , Wang Zhenkai , Li Min , Liang Huixian , Liu Heng , Yu Lijuan , Zhao Linlu , Yu Fabiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe combination of phototherapy and chemotherapy holds great potential for cancer treatment, while hypoxia in tumor as well as unexpected drug release largely restricts anticancer therapy. Inspired by the natural intelligence, herein, for the first time, a “bottom‐up” protein self‐assembly strategy mediated by near‐infrared (NIR) quantum dots (QDs) with multicharged electrostatic interactions is presented to develop a tumor microenvironment (TME)‐responsive theranostic nanoplatform for imaging‐guided synergistic photodynamic therapy (PDT)/photothermal therapy (PTT)/chemotherapy. Catalase (CAT) possesses diverse surface charge distribution under different pH conditions. After modification by chlorin e6 (Ce6), the formulated CAT–Ce6 with patchy negative charges can be assembled with NIR Ag2S QDs by regulating their electrostatic interactions, allowing for effective incorporation of specific anticancer drug oxaliplatin (Oxa). Such Ag2S@CAT–Ce6@Oxa nanosystems are able to visualize nanoparticle (NP) accumulation to guide subsequent phototherapy, together with significant alleviation of tumor hypoxia to further enhance PDT. Moreover, the acidic TME triggers controllable disassembly through weakening the CAT surface charge to disrupt electrostatic interactions, allowing for sustained drug release. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate remarkable inhibition of colorectal tumor growth with a synergistic effect. Overall, this multicharged electrostatic protein self‐assembly strategy provides a versatile platform for realizing TME‐specific theranostics with high efficiency and safety, promising for clinical translation.
How to GIWAXS: Grazing Incidence Wide Angle X‐Ray Scattering Applied to Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films
Authors: Steele Julian A. , Solano Eduardo , Hardy David , Dayton Damara , Ladd Dylan , White Keith , Chen Peng , Hou Jingwei , Huang Haowei , Saha Rafikul Ali , Wang Lianzhou , Gao Feng , Hofkens Johan , Roeffaers Maarten B. J. , Chernyshov Dmitry , Toney Michael F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe frequency of reports utilizing synchrotron‐based grazing incident wide angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) to study metal halide perovskite thin films has exploded recently, as this technique has proven invaluable for understanding several structure‐property relationships that fundamentally limit optoelectronic performance. The GIWAXS geometry and temporal resolution are also inherently compatible with in situ and operando setups (including ISOS protocols), and a relatively large halide perovskite research community has deployed GIWAXS to unravel important kinetic and dynamic features in these materials. Considering its rising popularity, the aim here is to accelerate the required learning curve for new experimentalists by clearly detailing the underlying analytical concepts which can be leveraged to maximize GIWAXS studies of polycrystalline thin films and devices. Motivated by the vast range of measurement conditions offered, together with the wide variety of compositions and structural motifs available (i.e., from single‐crystal and polycrystalline systems, to quantum dots and layered superlatices), a comprehensive framework for conducting effective GIWAXS experiments is outlined for different purposes. It is anticipated that providing a clear perspective for this topic will help elevate the quality of future GIWAXS studies—which have become routine—and provide the impetus required to develop novel GIWAXS approaches to resolve unsettled scientific questions.
Identification of complications requiring interventions after gastrointestinal cancer surgery from real‐world data: An external validation study
Authors: Kinoshita Hiromitsu , Nishigori Tatsuto , Kunisawa Susumu , Hida Koya , Hosogi Hisahiro , Inamoto Susumu , Hata Hiroaki , Matsusue Ryo , Imanaka Yuichi , Obama Kazutaka , Matsumura Yumi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecently, real‐world data have been recognized to have a significant role for research and quality improvement worldwide. The decision on the existence or nonexistence of postoperative complications is complex in clinical practice. This multicenter validation study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of identification of patients who underwent gastrointestinal (GI) cancer surgery and extraction of postoperative complications from Japanese administrative claims data.MethodsWe compared data extracted from both the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) and chart review of patients who underwent GI cancer surgery from April 2016 to March 2019. Using data of 658 patients at Kyoto University Hospital, we developed algorithms for the extraction of patients and postoperative complications requiring interventions, which included an invasive procedure, reoperation, mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis, intensive care unit management, and in‐hospital mortality. The accuracy of the algorithms was externally validated using the data of 1708 patients at two other hospitals.ResultsIn the overall validation set, 1694 of 1708 eligible patients were correctly extracted by DPC (sensitivity 0.992 and positive predictive value 0.992). All postoperative complications requiring interventions had a sensitivity of >0.798 and a specificity of almost 1.000. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Clavien–Dindo ≥grade IIIb complications was 1.000 and 0.995, respectively.ConclusionPatients undergoing GI cancer surgery and postoperative complications requiring interventions can be accurately identified using the real‐world data. This multicenter external validation study may contribute to future research on hospital quality improvement or to a large‐scale comparison study among nationwide hospitals using real‐world data.
PUF60‐related developmental disorder: A case series and phenotypic analysis of 10 additional patients with monoallelic PUF60 variants
Authors: Grimes H. , Ansari M. , Ashraf T. , Cueto‐González Anna Mª. , Calder A. , Day M. , Fernandez Alvarez P. , Foster A. , Lahiri N. , Repetto G. M. , Scurr I. , Varghese V. , Low Karen J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPUF60‐related developmental disorder (also referred to as Verheij syndrome), resulting from haploinsufficiency of PUF60, is associated with multiple congenital anomalies affecting a wide range of body systems. These anomalies include ophthalmic coloboma, and congenital anomalies of the heart, kidney, and musculoskeletal system. Behavioral and intellectual difficulties are also observed. While less common than other features associated with PUF60‐related developmental disorder, for instance hearing impairment and short stature, identification of specific anomalies such as ophthalmic coloboma can aid with diagnostic identification given the limited spectrum of genes linked with this feature. We describe 10 patients with PUF60 gene variants, bringing the total number reported in the literature, to varying levels of details, to 56 patients. Patients were recruited both via locally based exome sequencing from international sites and from the DDD study in the United Kingdom. Eight of the variants reported were novel PUF60 variants. The addition of a further patient with a reported c449‐457del variant to the existing literature highlights this as a recurrent variant. One variant was inherited from an affected parent. This is the first example in the literature of an inherited variant resulting in PUF60‐related developmental disorder. Two patients (20%) were reported to have a renal anomaly consistent with 22% of cases in previously reported literature. Two patients received specialist endocrine treatment. More commonly observed were clinical features such as: cardiac anomalies (40%), ocular abnormalities (70%), intellectual disability (60%), and skeletal abnormalities (80%). Facial features did not demonstrate a recognizable gestalt. Of note, but remaining of unclear causality, we describe a single pediatric patient with pineoblastoma. We recommend that stature and pubertal progress should be monitored in PUF60‐related developmental disorder with a low threshold for endocrine investigations as hormone therapy may be indicated. Our study reports an inherited case with PUF60‐related developmental disorder which has important genetic counseling implications for families.
Longitudinal amyloid and tau PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review of methodologies and factors affecting quantification
Authors: Bollack Ariane , Pemberton Hugh G. , Collij Lyduine E. , Markiewicz Pawel , Cash David M. , Farrar Gill , Barkhof Frederik ,   on behalf on the AMYPAD consortium
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeposition of
amyloid and tau pathology can be quantified in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET). Accurate longitudinal measurements of accumulation from these images are critical for characterizing the start and spread of the disease. However, these measurements are challenging; precision and accuracy can be affected substantially by various sources of errors and variability. This review, supported by a systematic search of the literature, summarizes the current design and methodologies of longitudinal PET studies. Intrinsic, biological causes of variability of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) protein load over time are then detailed. Technical factors contributing to longitudinal PET measurement uncertainty are highlighted, followed by suggestions for mitigating these factors, including possible techniques that leverage shared information between serial scans. Controlling for intrinsic variability and reducing measurement uncertainty in longitudinal PET pipelines will provide more accurate and precise markers of disease evolution, improve clinical trial design, and aid therapy response monitoring.
Longitudinal Alterations of Cerebral Blood Flow in High‐Contact Sports
Authors: Karimpoor Mahta , Georgiadis Marios , Zhao Moss Y. , Goubran Maged , Moein Taghavi Hossein , Mills Brian D. , Tran Dean , Mouchawar Nicole , Sami Sohrab , Wintermark Max , Grant Gerald , Camarillo David B. , Moseley Michael E. , Zaharchuk Greg , Zeineh Michael M. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveRepetitive head trauma is common in high‐contact sports. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) can measure changes in brain perfusion that could indicate injury. Longitudinal studies with a control group are necessary to account for interindividual and developmental effects. We investigated whether exposure to head impacts causes longitudinal CBF changes.MethodsWe prospectively studied 63 American football (high‐contact cohort) and 34 volleyball (low‐contact controls) male collegiate athletes, tracking CBF using 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging for up to 4 years. Regional relative CBF (rCBF, normalized to cerebellar CBF) was computed after co‐registering to T1‐weighted images. A linear mixed effects model assessed the relationship of rCBF to sport, time, and their interaction. Within football players, we modeled rCBF against position‐based head impact risk and baseline Standardized Concussion Assessment Tool score. Additionally, we evaluated early (1–5 days) and delayed (3–6 months) post‐concussion rCBF changes (in‐study concussion).ResultsSupratentorial gray matter rCBF declined in football compared with volleyball (sport‐time interaction p = 0.012), with a strong effect in the parietal lobe (p = 0.002). Football players with higher position‐based impact‐risk had lower occipital rCBF over time (interaction p = 0.005), whereas players with lower baseline Standardized Concussion Assessment Tool score (worse performance) had relatively decreased rCBF in the cingulate‐insula over time (interaction effect p = 0.007). Both cohorts showed a left–right rCBF asymmetry that decreased over time. Football players with an in‐study concussion showed an early increase in occipital lobe rCBF (p = 0.0166).InterpretationThese results suggest head impacts may result in an early increase in rCBF, but cumulatively a long‐term decrease in rCBF. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:457–469
Liquid Metal‐Promoted Graphene Oxide Supramolecular Film for Self‐Healing Actuator with Multiple‐Stimuli Responses
Authors: Zhang Ke‐Qi , ur Rehman Khalil , Gao Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe structural vulnerability and immobility of the multi‐responsive actuators restrict its application in soft robots. Hence, self‐healing film actuators based on interfacial supramolecular crosslinking and hierarchical structural design have been developed. The graphene oxide supramolecular film with asymmetric structure reveals excellent reversible deformation under different trigger signals like moisture, thermal, and infrared light. Meanwhile, it shows a good healing property based on supramolecular interaction, achieving the structure restoration and reconstitution of stimuli‐responsive actuators (SRA). The re‐edited SRA realizes reverse reversible deformation under the same external stimuli. To enhance the functionality of graphene oxide‐based SRA, the reconfigurable liquid metal could be modified on the surface of the graphene oxide supramolecular film at low temperature (defined as LM‐GO) due to its compatibility for hydroxyl. The fabricated LM‐GO film displays satisfactory healing property and good conductivity. Besides, the self‐healing film maintains strong mechanical strength, which can bear more than 20 grams of weight. This study provides a novel strategy to fabricate self‐healing actuator with multiple responses, accomplishing the functional integration of the SRAs.
Genetic predisposition to metabolically unfavourable adiposity and prostate cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Perez‐Cornago Aurora , Smith‐Byrne Karl , Hazelwood Emma , Watling Cody Z. , Martin Susan , Frayling Timothy , Lewis Sarah , Martin Richard M. , Yaghootkar Hanieh , Travis Ruth C. , Key Timothy J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe associations of adiposity with aggressive prostate cancer risk are unclear. Using two‐sample Mendelian randomization, we assessed the association of metabolically unfavourable adiposity (UFA), favourable adiposity (FA) and for comparison body mass index (BMI), with prostate cancer, including aggressive prostate cancer.MethodsWe examined the association of these genetically predicted adiposity‐related traits with risk of prostate cancer overall, aggressive and early onset disease using outcome summary statistics from the PRACTICAL consortium (including 15,167 aggressive cases).ResultsIn inverse‐variance weighted models, there was little evidence that genetically predicted one standard deviation higher UFA, FA and BMI were associated with aggressive prostate cancer [OR: 0.85 (95% CI:0.61–1.19), 0.80 (0.53–1.23) and 0.97 (0.88–1.08), respectively]; these associations were largely consistent in sensitivity analyses accounting for horizontal pleiotropy. There was no strong evidence that genetically determined UFA, FA or BMI were associated with overall prostate cancer or early age of onset prostate cancer.ConclusionsWe did not find differences in the associations of UFA and FA with prostate cancer risk, which suggest that adiposity is unlikely to influence prostate cancer via the metabolic factors assessed; however, these did not cover some aspects related to metabolic health that may link obesity with aggressive prostate cancer, which should be explored in future studies.
Posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: A systematic review and comparison of pathogenesis
Authors: Bai Natalie A. , Richardson Christie S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLyme disease is the most common vector‐borne illness in the United States and has been causing significant morbidity since its discovery in 1977. It is well‐documented that about 10% of patients properly treated with antibiotics never fully recover, but instead go on to develop a chronic illness dubbed, posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) characterized by severe fatigue, cognitive slowing, chronic pain, and sleep difficulties. This review includes 18 studies that detail the symptoms of patients with PTLDS and uses qualitative analysis to compare them to myalgic encephalitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), a strikingly similar syndrome. In the majority of the PTLDS studies, at least four of the six major symptoms of ME/CFS were also noted, including substantial impairment in activity level and fatigue for more than 6 months, post‐exertional malaise, and unrefreshing sleep. In one of the included PTLDS articles, 26 of the 29 ME/CFS symptoms were noted. This study adds to the expanding literature on the post‐active phase of infection syndromes, which suggests that chronic illnesses such as PTLDS and ME/CFS have similar pathogenesis despite different infectious origins.
Hydrothermal Fabrication of Carbon‐Supported Oxide‐Derived Copper Heterostructures: A Robust Catalyst System for Enhanced Electro‐Reduction of CO2 to C2H4
Authors: Tandava Venkata S. R. K. , Spadaro Maria Chiara , Arbiol Jordi , Murcia‐López Sebastián , Morante Joan Ramón 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic CO2 can be converted to alternative fuels and value‐added products by electrocatalytic routes. Copper‐based catalysts are found to be the star materials for obtaining longer‐chain carbon compounds beyond 2e− products. Herein, we report a facile hydrothermal fabrication of a highly robust electrocatalyst: in‐situ grown heterostructures of plate‐like CuO−Cu2O on carbon black. Simultaneous synthesis of copper‐carbon catalysts with varied amounts of copper was conducted to determine the optimum blend. It is observed that the optimum ratio and structure have aided in achieving the state of art faradaic efficiency for ethylene >45 % at −1.6 V vs. RHE at industrially relevant high current densities over 160 to 200 mA ⋅ cm−2. It is understood that the in‐situ modification of CuO to Cu2O during the electrolysis is the driving force for the highly selective conversion of CO2 to ethylene through the *CO intermediates at the onset potentials followed by C−C coupling. The excellent distribution of Cu‐based platelets on the carbon structure enables rapid electron transfer and enhanced catalytic efficiency. It is inferred that choosing the right composition of the catalyst by tuning the catalyst layer over the gas diffusion electrode can substantially affect the product selectivity and promote reaching the potential industrial scale.
Ultraviolet light scattering scanning flow cytometry in the characterization of submicron microparticles
Authors: Strokotov Dmitry I. , Nekrasov Vyacheslav M. , Gilev Konstantin V. , Karpenko Andrey A. , Maltsev Valeri P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUltraviolet lasers are commonly used in flow cytometry to excite fluorochrome molecules with subsequent measurement of the specific fluorescence of individual cells. In this study, the performance of the ultraviolet light scattering (UVLS) in the analysis of individual particles with flow cytometry has been demonstrated for the first time. The main advantage of the UVLS relates to the improvement of the analysis of submicron particles due to the strong dependence of the scattering efficiency on the wavelength of the incident light. In this work, submicron particles were analyzed using a scanning flow cytometer (SFC) that allows measurements of light scattering in an angle‐resolved regime. The measured light‐scattering profiles of individual particles were utilized in solution of the inverse light‐scattering problem to retrieve the particle characteristics using a global optimization. The standard polystyrene microspheres were successfully characterized from the analysis of UVLS which provided the size and refractive index (RI) of individual beads. We believe that the main application of UVLS relates to the analysis of microparticles in a serum, in particular in the analysis of chylomicrons (CMs). We have demonstrated the performance of the UVLS SFC in the analysis of CMs of a donor. The RI versus size scatterplot of CMs was successfully retrieved from the analysis. The current set‐up of the SFC has allowed us to characterize individual CMs starting from the size of 160 nm that provides determination of the CM concentration in a serum with flow cytometry. This feature of the UVLS should help with the analysis of lipid metabolism measuring RI and size map evolution after lipase action.
Reforestation of high elevation pines: Direct seeding success depends on seed source and sowing environment
Authors: Hankin Lacey E. , Leger Elizabeth A. , Bisbing Sarah M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractForest persistence in regions impacted by increasing water and temperature stress will depend upon species' ability to either rapidly adjust to novel conditions or migrate to track ecological niches. Predicted, rapid climate change is likely to outpace the adaptive and migratory capacity of long‐lived isolated tree species, and reforestation may be critical to species' persistence. Facilitating persistence both within and beyond a species' range requires identification of seed lots best adapted to the current and future conditions predicted with rapid climate change. We evaluate variation in emergent seedling performance that leads to differential survival among species and populations for three high elevation five‐needle pines. We paired a fully reciprocal field common garden experiment with a greenhouse common garden study to (1) quantify variation in seedling emergence and functional traits, (2) ask how functional traits affect performance under different establishment conditions, and (3) evaluate whether trait and performance variation demonstrates local adaptation and plasticity. Among study species—limber, Great Basin bristlecone, and whitebark pines—we found divergence in emergence and functional traits, though soil moisture was the strongest driver of seedling emergence and abundance across all species. Generalist limber pine had a clear emergence advantage as well as traits associated with drought adaptation, while edaphic specialist bristlecone pine was characterized by low emergence yet high early survival once established. Despite evidence for edaphic specialization, soil characteristics alone did not explain bristlecone success. Across species, trait‐environment relationships provided some evidence for local adaptation in drought‐adapted traits, but we found no evidence of local adaptation in emergence or survival at this early life stage. For managers looking to promote persistence, sourcing seed from drier environments is likely to impart greater drought resistance into reforestation efforts through strategies such as greater root investment, increasing the probability of early seedling survival. This research demonstrates, through a rigorous reciprocal transplant experimental design, that it may be possible to select climate‐ and soil‐appropriate seed sources for reforestation. However, planting success will ultimately rely on a suitable establishment environment, requiring careful consideration of interannual climate variability for management interventions in these climate and disturbance‐impacted tree species.