bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Niobium Pentachloride Mediated Direct Bradsher-Type Reaction: A Rapid and Efficient Strategy to Synthesize Novel Substituted 9-Anthraldehydes
Authors: Donate Paulo M. , Baviera Giovanni S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDichloromethyl methyl ether in the presence of niobium pentachloride and activated triarylmethanes leads to an efficient, mild, and rapid one-pot synthesis of several 9-anthraldehyde derivatives via a direct Bradsher-type reaction. This practical methodology offers several advantages, such as a broad substrate scope, simple workup process, and excellent yields.
Photo-Induced Glycosylations Using Organophotoacids: A New Environmentally Benign Carbohydrate Synthesis
Authors: Toshima Kazunobu , Takahashi Daisuke , Isozaki Yuka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis account reports the glycosylation reactions of glycosyl trichloroacetimidates and various alcohols using several organophotoacids as activators under photo-irradiation conditions. The reactions proceed smoothly to give the corresponding glycosides in high yields. The organophotoacids can be recovered and reused many times without any loss of efficiency, which demonstrates their environmentally benign features. 1	Introduction2	Photo-Induced Glycosylation Using Naphthol Derivatives3	Photo-Induced Glycosylation Using Aryl Thioureas4	Photo-Induced Glycosylation Using Diaryldisulfides5	Photo-Induced Glycosylation Using Diarylthiophenes6	Conclusion
Lessons Learned from a National Initiative Promoting Publicly Available Standards-Based Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Dhopeshwarkar Rina V. , Freij Maysoun , Callaham Melissa , Desai Priyanka J. , I. Harrison Michael , Swiger James , A. Lomotan Edwin , Dymek Chris , Dullabh Prashila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground Clinical decision support (CDS), which provides tools to assist clinical decision-making, can improve adherence to evidence-based practices, prevent medical errors, and support high-quality and patient-centered care delivery. Publicly available CDS that uses standards to express clinical logic (i.e., standards-based CDS) has the potential to reduce duplicative efforts of translating the same clinical evidence into CDS across multiple health care institutions. Yet development of such CDS is relatively new and its potential only partially explored.Objectives This study aimed to describe lessons learned from a national initiative promoting publicly available, standards-based CDS resources, discuss challenges, and report suggestions for improvement.Methods Findings were drawn from an evaluation of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Patient-Centered Outcomes Research CDS Initiative, which aimed to advance evidence into practice through standards-based and publicly available CDS. Methods included literature and program material reviews, key informant interviews, and a web-based survey about a public repository of CDS artifacts and tools for authoring standards-based CDS.Results The evaluation identified important lessons for developing and implementing standards-based CDS through publicly available repositories such as CDS Connect. Trust is a critical factor in uptake and can be bolstered through transparent information on underlying evidence, collaboration with experts, and feedback loops between users and developers to support continuous improvement. Additionally, while adoption of standards among electronic health record developers will make it easier to implement standards-based CDS, lower-resourced health systems will need extra support to ensure successful implementation and use. Finally, although we found the resources developed by the Initiative to offer valuable prototypes for the field, health systems desire more information about patient-centered, clinical, and cost-related outcomes to help them justify the investment required to implement standards-based, publicly available CDS.Conclusion While the standards and technology to publicly share standards-based CDS have increased, broad dissemination and implementation remain challenging.
Mucinous Cystadenoma Arising in a Uterine Isthmocele: A Case Report
Authors: Carvalho Jesus Paula , Silva Alexandre Silva e , Kleine Rodolpho Truffa , Bertolazzi Marília Albanezi , Fernandes Rodrigo Pinto , Carvalho Filomena Marino 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIsthmocele is a discontinuation of the myometrium at the uterine scar site in a patient with a previous cesarian section (CS). The cause of isthmocele appears to be multifactorial. Poor surgical technique, low incision location, uterine retroflection, obesity, smoking, inadequate healing of scars, and maternal age are possible related factors. Most patients with this condition are asymptomatic. However, women can present with postmenstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, subfertility, dysmenorrhea, infertility, and scar abscess. Brazil has one of the world's highest cesarean section rates. One of the consequences of the rising rate of CS is the isthmocele, an emerging female health problem. Here we report a case of mucinous cystadenoma arising in a uterine isthmocele, a complication, as far as we could investigate, not yet described in the literature.
COVID-19 and Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review of Pathophysiological Interactions
Authors: Nascimento Maria Isabel do , Cunha Alfredo de Almeida , Netto Nercélio Falcão Rangel , Santos Raphael Alves dos , Barroso Rodrigo Roberto , Alves Thiago Rodrigues de Carvalho , Soares Wender Emiliano 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: To review the literature and synthesize evidence on pathophysiological interactions attributed to the simultaneous occurrence of COVID-19 and preeclampsia.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted from November (2021) to January (2022) to retrieve observational studies published on the PubMed, LILACS, SciELO Brazil and Google Scholar databases. The search was based on the descriptors [(eclampsia OR preeclampsia) AND (COVID-19)]. Quantitative studies that pointed to pathophysiological interactions were included. Literature reviews, studies with HIV participants, or with clinical approach only were excluded. The selection of studies was standardized and the evaluation was performed by pairs of researchers.
Results: In this review, 155 publications were retrieved; 16 met the inclusion criteria. In summary, the physiological expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors is physiologically increased in pregnant women, especially at the placental site. Studies suggest that the coronavirus binds to ACE-2 to enter the human cell, causing deregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and in the ratio between angiotensin-II and angiotensin-1-7, inducing manifestations suggestive of preeclampsia. Furthermore, the cytokine storm leads to endothelial dysfunction, vasculopathy and thrombus formation, also present in preeclampsia.
Conclusion: The studies retrieved in this review suggest that there is a possible overlap of pathophysiological interactions between COVID-19 and preeclampsia, which mainly involve ACE-2 and endothelial dysfunction. Given that preeclampsia courses with progressive clinical and laboratory alterations, a highly quality prenatal care may be able to detect specific clinical and laboratory parameters to differentiate a true preeclampsia superimposed by covid-19, as well as cases with hypertensive manifestations resulting from viral infection.
Efficacy of Embolization in Acquired Uterine Vascular Malformations: An Experience in Tertiary Care Centre in India
Authors: Inampudi Vineel , Nimmalapudi Sunanda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: To determine the efficacy of Uterine Artery Embolization in patients with bleeding acquired uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).
Methods: A prospective review of all patients who underwent Uterine Artery Embolization at our institution between July 2015 and April 2022 was performed. 225 patients were diagnosed with a uterine vascular malformation on doppler and corresponding MRI imaging. All patients underwent transcatheter embolization of the uterine arteries. Embolic agents in the 375 procedures included Histoacryl glue only (n = 326), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles and Histoacryl glue (n = 29), PVA particles (n = 5), Gelfoam (n = 5), coils (n = 4), PVA particles and coils (n = 3), Histoacryl glue and Gelfoam (n = 2), and Histoacryl glue and coils (n = 1).
Results: A total of 375 embolization procedures were performed in 225 patients. 90 patients required repeat embolization for recurrence of bleeding. The technical success rate of embolization was 100%. The clinical success rate was 92%: bleeding was controlled in 222 of 225 patients and three patients underwent a hysterectomy. 60 of the 225 patients had uneventful intrauterine pregnancies carried to term. The 210 patients who underwent successful embolization had no recurrence of bleeding at a median follow-up of 53 months (range, 5-122 months) after treatment. 15 patients were eventually lost to follow-up. One minor complication (0.4%) of non-flow-limiting dissection of the internal iliac artery occurred.
Conclusion: Uterine Artery Embolization is a safe, effective, minimally invasive method to treat uterine AVMs with long-term efficacy, which can provide the preservation of fertility.
Mirabegron and Anticholinergics in the Treatment of Overactive Bladder Syndrome: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Sartori Luisa Gracio Ferreira , Nunes Bruno Monteiro , Farah Daniela , Oliveira Leticia Maria de , Novoa Claudia Cristina Takano , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira , Fonseca Marcelo Cunio Machado 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective To compare the use of mirabegron with anticholinergics drugs for the treatment of overactive bladder (OB).
Data Source Systematic searches were conducted in EMBASE, PUBMED, Cochrane, and LILACS databases from inception to September 2021. We included RCTs, women with clinically proven OB symptoms, studies that compared mirabegron to antimuscarinic drugs, and that evaluated the efficacy, safety or adherence.
Data Collection RevMan 5.4 was used to combine results across studies. We derived risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences with 95% CIs using a random-effects meta-analytic model. Cochrane Collaboration Tool and GRADE was applied for risk of bias and quality of the evidence.
Data Synthesis We included 14 studies with a total of 10,774 patients. Fewer total adverse events was reported in mirabegron group than in antimuscarinics group [RR 0.93 (0.89–0.98)]. The risk of gastrointestinal tract disorders and dry mouth were lower with mirabegron [RR 0,58 (0.48–0.68); 9375 patients; RR 0.44 (0.35–0.56), 9375 patients, respectively]. No difference was reported between mirabegron and antimuscarinics drugs for efficacy. The adherence to treatment was 87.7% in both groups [RR 0.99 (0.98–1.00)].
Conclusion Mirabegron and antimuscarinics have comparable efficacy and adherence rates; however, mirabegron showed fewer total and isolated adverse events.
VEXAS Syndrome—Review
Authors: Zhang Yue , Dong Xifeng , Wang Huaquan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is a newly defined refractory adult-onset autoinflammatory syndrome caused by somatic mutations in the ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 (UBA1) gene in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, resulting in a shift in UBA1 isoform expression. Thus, patients develop a spectrum of systemic inflammatory manifestations and hematologic symptoms. To date, patients respond poorly to immune suppressive drugs, except high-dose glucocorticoids, and no treatment guidelines have been established. Given the high mortality rate, VEXAS syndrome needs to be taken seriously by physicians in all specialties. This article aims to describe the key features, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of VEXAS syndrome to better understand the targeted treatment and improve the prognosis of VEXAS syndrome.
Contemporary Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in Sickle Cell Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hachey Sara M. , Joseph Sophie , Dolin Cara D. , Triebwasser Jourdan E. , Sayani Farzana , Hamm Rebecca F. 
Published: July 2023

Objective Sickle cell disease is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Aspects of sickle cell disease in pregnancy, such as health care utilization and neonatal abstinence syndrome, are understudied. We aimed to describe contemporary sickle cell disease outcomes in a U.S. hospital system to improve perinatal counseling.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with sickle cell disease who delivered at >20 weeks' gestation at two sites within the University of Pennsylvania Health System from May 1, 2017 to August 30, 2020. Descriptive statistics were utilized.
Results Over the study period, 48 patients with sickle cell disease had 52 deliveries of 53 neonates. Sickle cell disease-related morbidity was prevalent prior to pregnancy; 27% had a history of avascular necrosis, and 58% had experienced acute chest syndrome. In the year prior to pregnancy, 52% used daily opioids. During pregnancy, more than half of patients were admitted at least once for sickle cell disease-related complications, spending a median 3 days admitted interquartile range (0–23); >10% spent >70 days of pregnancy admitted. New daily opioids were prescribed during pregnancy for 10% to manage pain crises. Acute chest syndrome was experienced by 23% of patients during pregnancy, and 8% required placement of long-term intravenous access. Preterm delivery <37 weeks occurred in 48%. The primary cesarean rate in nulliparas was 43%. Additionally, 50% experienced a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, 35% underwent transfusion during delivery admission, and 10% had a perinatal venous thromboembolism. Finally, 53% of neonates were admitted to the intensive care unit. Low birth weight was noted in 34%, severe respiratory distress in 15% of infants, and neonatal abstinence syndrome in 21%.
Conclusion Sickle cell disease remains associated with significant perinatal morbidity and need for hospitalization. These data provide contemporary outcomes to target improvements in the care of patients with sickle cell disease.
Key Points
Neonatal Catheter and Tube Placement and Radiographic Assessment Statistics in Relation to Important Anatomic Landmarks
Authors: Henderson Robert D. E. , Padash Sirwa , Adams Scott J. , Augusta Carolyn , Yi Xin , Babyn Paul 
Published: July 2023

Objective Neonatal catheters and tubes are commonly used for monitoring and support for intensive care and must be correctly positioned to avoid complications. Position assessment is routinely done by radiography. The objective of this study is to characterize neonatal catheter and tube placement in terms of the proportion of those devices that are malpositioned.
Study Design Using an institutional dataset of 723 chest/abdominal radiographs of neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) patients (all within 60 days of birth), we assessed the proportion of catheters that are malpositioned. Many radiographs contained multiple catheter types. Umbilical venous catheters (UVCs; 448 radiographs), umbilical arterial catheters (UACs; 259 radiographs), endotracheal tubes (ETTs; 451 radiographs), and nasogastric tubes (NGTs; 603 radiographs) were included in our analysis.
Results UVCs were malpositioned in 90% of radiographs, while UACs were malpositioned in 36%, ETTs in 30%, and NGTs in just 5%. The most common locations in which UVCs were malpositioned were in the right atrium (31%) and umbilical vein (21%), and for UACs the most common malpositioned tip location was the aortic arch (8%). For the remaining tubes, 5% of ETTs were found to be in the right main bronchus and 4% of NGTs were found in the esophagus.
Conclusion A substantial proportion of catheters and tubes are malpositioned, suggesting that optimizing methods of catheter placement and assessment ought to be areas of focus for future work.
Key Points
Current clinical and research practices on frontotemporal dementia in Brazil: a national survey
Authors: de Souza Leonardo Cruz , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi , Schilling Lucas Porcello , Silva Letícia Costa da , Takada Leonel Tadao , Bahia Valéria Santoro , Barbosa Breno José Alencar Pires , Balthazar Marcio Luiz Figueredo , Frota Norberto Anizio Ferreira , Nitrini Ricardo , Caramelli Paulo , Smid Jerusa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a frequent cause of young-onset dementia and represents a major challenge for the diagnosis and clinical management. It is essential to evaluate the difficulties faced by physicians on the diagnostic workup and on patient care.
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the current practices and the local limits on the diagnosis and management of FTD in Brazil.
Methods We elaborated an online survey, composed of 29 questions and divided in four parts, comprising questions about existing health facilities, clinical practices related to FTD, and suggestions to increment the national research on FTD. The invitation to participate was sent by email to all neurologists affiliated to the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (n = 3658), and to all physicians who attended the XII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's disease, in 2019 (n = 187). The invitation was also diffused through social media.
Results 256 Brazilian physicians answered the questionnaire. The three most relevant disorders for the differential diagnosis of FTD were Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 211), bipolar disorder (n = 117) and dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 92). Most respondents (125/256) reported the difficulty in performing genetic testing as the main limit in the diagnostic of FTD. 93% and 63% of participants considered that the assessment of social cognition and AD CSF biomarkers are useful for the diagnosis of FTD, respectively.
Conclusions The present study may provide valuable insights for the medical education and clinical training of physicians, and to foster future research on FTD in Brazil.
Examining the Relationship between Social Determinants of Health and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Black Women
Authors: Walker Shannon L. , Walker Rebekah J. , Palatnik Anna , Dawson Aprill Z. , Williams Joni S. , Egede Leonard E. 
Published: July 2023

Objective Our objective was to examine associations between social determinants of health (cultural, neighborhood, and psychosocial factors) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (gestational age at birth [GAB], preterm birth [PTB], and preeclampsia) in Black women.
Study Design Cross-sectional data (n = 204) comprised adult Black women aged ≥18 years who delivered between 2013 and 2022 in Milwaukee,Wisconsin. Sequential unadjusted linear and logistic regression models were run to evaluate associations between social determinants of health and pregnancy outcomes. Stepwise regressions with forward selection were run to test the contribution of the social determinants of health to adverse pregnancy outcomes, independent of the contribution of established risk factors.
Results Mean GAB was 37.9 weeks, 19.6% had a PTB and 17.7% had preeclampsia. In all fully adjusted models, education (β0.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.005, 0.29), nulliparity (β −1.26, 95%CI: −2.08, −0.44), multifetal gestation (β −2.67, 95% CI: −4.29, −1.05), and exposure to neighborhood violence (β −0.13, 95%CI: −0.25, −0.005) were associated with shortened GAB. Education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.83, 95%CI: 0.69, 0.99), provider trust (aOR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.88, 0.99), chance health locus of control (aOR: 0.88, 95%CI: 0.78, 0.99), and anxiety (aOR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.69, 0.95) were associated with reduced odds of PTB. Powerful others health locus of control (aOR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.32), depression (aOR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.34), nulliparity (aOR: 4.73, 95%CI: 1.79, 12.55), multifetal gestation (aOR: 17.78, 95%CI: 3.49, 90.50), diabetes (aOR: 4.71, 95%CI: 1.17, 19.00), and obstructive sleep apnea (aOR: 44.28, 95%CI: 2.50, 783.12) were associated with increased odds of PTB. Internal health locus of control (aOR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.25), depression (aOR: 1.09, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.17), preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy (aOR: 5.96, 95% CI: 2.22, 16.01), and kidney disease (aOR: 34.27, 95% CI: 1.54, 763.75) were associated with preeclampsia.
Conclusion Provider trust, health locus of control, neighborhood violence, depression, and anxiety were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Black women, independent of demographic and clinical risk factors.
Key Points
Endovascular Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Brief Review
Authors: Tohme Scarlett , Newman Joshua , Yu Pey-Jen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) are complex and if untreated have high mortality and morbidity rates. Open surgical repair is the historical treatment approach; however, postoperative complications remain high with spinal cord ischemia notably one of the more serious and common complications. The avoidance of thoracotomy or laparotomy with the advent of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) have decreased the morbidity and mortality with TAAA repair, especially in patients with significant comorbidities such as a history of aortic surgery, underlying cardiac disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Endovascular treatment options have grown to include fenestrated EVAR, multibranched EVAR, and physician-modified fenestration stent grafts. These techniques have achieved lower mortality rates than traditional open repair, but complications such as limb ischemia, spinal cord ischemia, and long-term durability must be considered. This review provides an overview of the most common endovascular techniques for TAAAs as well as short- and midterm outcomes.
Corruption revisited: the influence of national personality, culture, and wealth
Authors: Obschonka Martin , Stuetzer Michael , Newman Alexander , Gibson Cristina B. , Gosling Samuel D. , Rentfrow Peter J. , Potter Jeff 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCorruption is often seen as one of the root causes of pressing national and global challenges. The persisting stark national differences in corruption levels and their potential causes have thus attracted growing interest from international business scholars. The objective of this study was to re-examine key factors that predict levels of national corruption. Drawing on comprehensive personality data from over 5 million respondents across 87 nations, and numerous dimensions of national culture, the study examines the relative importance of national personality versus national culture and wealth as predictors of national corruption. Regression analysis found that collectivism (particularly societal practices pertaining to collectivism) and wealth were robust predictors of corruption. In contrast, there was no consistent support for the effects of the Big Five personality traits aggregated to the national level, above and beyond the effects of national culture and wealth. These findings highlight and specify the important role played by national culture, and call into question previous research on national personality and corruption. More broadly, our study further highlights the need to exert caution when examining the influence of national-level personality, and the need for cross-national personality researchers to improve the validity, interpretability, and replicability of their work.