bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a bimodal multi-fibre optic clinical probe for in situ tissue diagnosis based on spectrally-and temporally-resolved autofluorescence
Authors: Sibai Mira , Mehidine Hussein , Devaux Bertrand , Abi Haidar Darine 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Fibred-based optical spectroscopy is advantageous over imaging due to its sensitivity, practicality and precision, providing point of care diagnosis. The unique advantage is that the sampled volume is well defined by the source-detector geometry and that the functionality of multiple optical techniques can be incorporated into one probe so that more information is gained without extra bulkiness or cost, while also mitigating the limitations of each.Methods: This advantage is utilized here to address the limited accuracy in delineating brain tumors, in situ, by simultaneously characterizing tissue based on the spectral and lifetime properties of five endogenous fluorophores commonly present in brain tissue. A 5-meters multi fibre-optic probe custom-built for neurosurgery guidance with a sterilizable distal end is presented in this paper. It describes its technical features such as architecture, collection efficiency, sensitivity.Results and discussion: The developed probe have a temporal resolution of 34.6 ps and a temporal impulse response function of 29 ps. The spatial resolution was around 153 μm while the spectral resolution is 1 nm. All of these specifications are ensured under 1 second as acquisition time. The probe is validated using fluorescent dyes and tissue phantoms. Additionally, the fluorescence spectra from fresh and frozen animal tissue and from an epileptic patient are compared to that obtained from confocal fluorescence microscopy, while the lifetime values are compared to that reported in literature. Finally, the effect of pressure applied to the probe in contact with tissue is discussed.
Transcriptome and molecular regulatory mechanisms analysis of gills in the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon under chronic low-salinity stress
Authors: Li Yun-Dong , Si Meng-Ru , Jiang Shi-Gui , Yang Qi-Bin , Jiang Song , Yang Li-Shi , Huang Jian-Hua , Chen Xu , Zhou Fa-Lin , Li ErChao 
Published: March 2023

Background: Salinity is one of the main influencing factors in the culture environment and is extremely important for the survival, growth, development and reproduction of aquatic animals.Methods: In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis (maintained for 45 days in three different salinities, 30 psu (HC group), 18 psu (MC group) and 3 psu (LC group)) was performed by high-throughput sequencing of economically cultured Penaeus monodon. P. monodon gill tissues from each treatment were collected for RNA-seq analysis to identify potential genes and pathways in response to low salinity stress.Results: A total of 64,475 unigenes were annotated in this study. There were 1,140 upregulated genes and 1,531 downregulated genes observed in the LC vs. HC group and 1,000 upregulated genes and 1,062 downregulated genes observed in the MC vs. HC group. In the LC vs. HC group, 583 DEGs significantly mapped to 37 signaling pathways, such as the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway; in the MC vs. HC group, 444 DEGs significantly mapped to 28 signaling pathways, such as the MAPK signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway. These pathways were significantly associated mainly with signal transduction, immunity and metabolism.Conclusions: These results suggest that low salinity stress may affect regulatory mechanisms such as metabolism, immunity, and signal transduction in addition to osmolarity in P. monodon. The greater the difference in salinity, the more significant the difference in genes. This study provides some guidance for understanding the low-salt domestication culture of P. monodon.
Ectopic expression of the AtCDF1 transcription factor in potato enhances tuber starch and amino acid contents and yield under open field conditions
Authors: Carrillo Laura , Baroja-Fernández Edurne , Renau-Morata Begoña , Muñoz Francisco J. , Canales Javier , Ciordia Sergio , Yang Lu , Sánchez-López Ángela María , Nebauer Sergio G. , Ceballos Mar G. , Vicente-Carbajosa Jesús , Molina Rosa V. , Pozueta-Romero Javier , Medina Joaquín 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionCycling Dof transcription factors (CDFs) have been involved in different aspects of plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis and tomato, one member of this family (CDF1) has recently been associated with the regulation of primary metabolism and abiotic stress responses, but their roles in crop production under open field conditions remain unknown.MethodsIn this study, we compared the growth, and tuber yield and composition of plants ectopically expressing the CDF1 gene from Arabidopsis under the control of the 35S promoter with wild-type (WT) potato plants cultured in growth chamber and open field conditions.ResultsIn growth chambers, the 35S::AtCDF1 plants showed a greater tuber yield than the WT by increasing the biomass partition for tuber development. Under field conditions, the ectopic expression of CDF1 also promoted the sink strength of the tubers, since 35S::AtCDF1 plants exhibited significant increases in tuber size and weight resulting in higher tuber yield. A metabolomic analysis revealed that tubers of 35S::AtCDF1 plants cultured under open field conditions accumulated higher levels of glucose, starch and amino acids than WT tubers. A comparative proteomic analysis of tubers of 35S::AtCDF1 and WT plants cultured under open field conditions revealed that these changes can be accounted for changes in the expression of proteins involved in energy production and different aspects of C and N metabolism.DiscussionThe results from this study advance our collective understanding of the role of CDFs and are of great interest for the purposes of improving the yield and breeding of crop plants.
Psychedelic replications in virtual reality and their potential as a therapeutic instrument: an open-label feasibility study
Authors: Kaup Karl Kristjan , Vasser Madis , Tulver Kadi , Munk Mari , Pikamäe Juhan , Aru Jaan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundRecent research has shown promising results for the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics. One popular view claims that these benefits are mediated by the subjective experiences induced by these substances. Based on this, we designed a virtual reality experience, Psyrreal, that mimics the phenomenological components of psychedelic experiences.AimsWe aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Psyrreal and psychedelic VR experiences in treating depressive symptoms as well as explore the effect of Psyrreal on subjective factors which have been suggested to mediate the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics.MethodsIn this open-label feasibility study, thirteen participants with mild-to-moderate depression underwent a 2-day therapeutic intervention implementing Psyrreal. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Emotional State Questionnaire (EST-Q2) at the start of the intervention and 2 weeks after. A thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews after Psyrreal was also conducted as an additional assessment of the method.ResultsA 2-day intervention implementing Psyrreal led to significant decreases in depressive symptoms at the 2-week follow-up (n = 10, p = 0.007, Hedges’ g = 1.046) measured by the Emotional State Questionnaire (EST-Q2). The analysis of semi-structured interviews suggests that Psyrreal could lead to insight and alterations in the sense of self in some people.ConclusionThis work proposes a novel method using virtual reality to augment the treatment of psychological disorders as well as to precisely investigate the mediating subjective factors of the therapeutic effects of psychedelic substances. Our preliminary results suggest that VR experiences combined with psychological support show potential in treating depressive symptoms and further research into similar methods is warranted.
Factors associated with hopelessness, depression and anxiety in the Honduran-Central America population during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Espinoza-Turcios Eleonora , Gonzales-Romero René Mauricio , Sosa-Mendoza Carlos , Sierra-Santos Manuel , Castro-Ramos Henry Noel , Zambrano Lysien Ivania , Armada José , Mejía Christian R. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe mental health of the population has been affected by COVID-19, reporting in many populations higher levels of depressive, anxious and stress symptoms, however, in Honduras there are no studies showing the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the population.AimTo determine the factors associated with hopelessness, depression and anxiety in times of COVID-19 in the Honduran population.MethodsCross-sectional analytical study. Three scales were used, Beck for hopelessness, Hamilton for depression and anxiety, through interviews with the population attending different levels of health care throughout the country. Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained. For hopelessness, the Beck Hopelessness Scale was used; for depression and anxiety, the Hamilton Scale was used.ResultsOf the 8,125 participants, the population in general showed results of hopelessness 14.9%, depression 12.9% and anxiety 1.2%, there was less hopelessness among women (p = 0.004), university students (p &lt; 0.001), but greater among those who had a family member deceased by COVID-19 (p &lt; 0.001), among those who had diabetes mellitus (DM) (p &lt; 0.001), history of mental illness (p &lt; 0.001) or had consumed drugs in the last 6 months (p &lt; 0.001). There was more depression among those with arterial hypertension (p = 0.002), obesity (p = 0.019), DM (p = 0.004), history of mental illness (p &lt; 0.001) or had consumed drugs in the last 6 months (p &lt; 0.001). There was more anxiety among those infected with COVID-19 (p = 0.023), according to having a family member deceased by COVID-19 (p = 0.045) and in those with a history of mental illness (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionThe Honduran population presented important differences in the socio-pathological, according to the loss of family members or having previous illnesses, this according to the presentation of problems in the mental sphere.ConclusionWe found factors associated with hopelessness, we found factors associated with hopelessness, depression and anxiety in times of COVID-19 in the Honduran population.
Dentists' lived experience of providing dental care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Hoseinzadeh Melika , Sa’adAbadi Zahra , Maleki Kambakhsh Sara , Babazadeh Saber 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the lived experiences of dentists practicing in Mashhad, Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify possible influencing factors for providing dental health in this era.MethodsSixteen dentists took part in this qualitative phenomenological study. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were performed and evaluated using a qualitative content analysis approach. The MAXQDA program (2020) was used to code and classify the data. Purposive sampling, audio recording, member checking, and peer review were employed to verify transferability, reliability, and validity. The interview transcripts were transcribed, and sentences and remarks relevant to the study's goal were retrieved and classified.ResultsSix hundred twenty-eight codes were extracted after several readings of the texts. Five core themes and fourteen sub-themes were determined after deleting repeated themes and axial coding. The main five themes included: “Coping with the COVID-19 pandemic”, “Alternations in providing dental care,” “Infection control,” “COVID-19-related news and information sources”, and “Positive and negative aspects of COVID-19 in dental care ”.ConclusionsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, dentists noted various challenges in delivering routine dental treatment, including a lack of resources, reliable and straightforward guidelines for dentists, and governmental policies for dental facility restrictions. Dentists concluded that financial, educational, and financial support from the government would significantly enhance the delivery of community dental care services. With the right strategies and lessons learned, dentists may be better prepared for future challenges in global health care.
Technical skills in complex tennis situations: Dutch talented players U15 compared to players U17
Authors: Kolman Nikki S. , Huijgen Barbara C. H. , Visscher Chris , Elferink-Gemser Marije T. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionTechnical skills in complex situations appear crucial for progress towards elite tennis performance. However, it is unknown how these skills develop in different age categories in a group of talented youth players. The aim of this study is to evaluate possible differences in technical skills among Dutch talented youth tennis players U15 compared to U17.MethodsA total of 19 players (12 males, 7 females; age 14.6 ± 1.4 years) were tested on ball speed, accuracy, percentage errors and spin rate using the on-court Dutch Technical-Tactical Tennis Test. With a ball machine, four games were simulated which were either fixed (game 1 and game 2) or variable (game 3 and game 4), depending on the complexity of the task. Each game consisted of two offensive, two neutral and two defensive rallies, representing different tactical situations.ResultsA two-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant interaction between the effects of age category and sex for ball speed (F(1,15) = 5.472, p = 0.034, η2 = 0.267), indicating that males U17 produced higher ball speed compared to males U15, whereas no differences were found between females U15 and U17. A one-way ANCOVA showed that, regardless of sex, players U17 scored significantly higher on accuracy than players U15 (F(1,16) = 5.021, p = 0.040, η2 = 0.239). No differences were found between players U15 and U17 for spin rate and percentage errors (p &gt; .05), although there was a medium to large effect size for males U17 to produce higher spin rates compared to males U15. A closer examination of accuracy revealed that players U17 scored significantly higher compared to players U15 in game 4 (F(1,17) = 6.358, p = .022, η2 = .272) and in defensive situations (F(1,17) = 9.602, p = .007, η2 = .361).DiscussionIn conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that technical skills, especially ball speed for males and accuracy in complex situations for both males and females, continue to develop in adolescence in talented tennis players. There is an increased understanding about underlying technical skills that contribute to progress towards elite tennis performance. To effectively develop technical skills, coaches are encouraged to design specific practices where these skills are performed in complex situations under high cognitive and temporal pressure.
Pooches on a platform: Text mining twitter for sector perceptions of dogs during a global pandemic
Authors: McMillan Kirsten M. , Anderson Katharine L. , Christley Robert M. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionBusinesses commonly text mine Twitter data to identify patterns and extract valuable information. However, this method is rarely applied to the animal welfare sector. Here, we describe Twitter conversations regarding dogs during a global pandemic, assess the evolution of sentiment, and examine the dynamics of sector influence.MethodsBetween March and August 2020, we gathered 61,088 unique tweets from the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, relating to COVID-19 and dogs. Tweets were assigned to one of four pandemic phases and active accounts were assigned to a sector: Personal (i.e., UK and ROI public), Press (i.e., mass media), State (i.e., Government, Police, and NHS), and Other (i.e., welfare organizations, social enterprises, research organizations, charity, and business).ResultsWord frequency and sentiment analysis between phases and sectors were assessed, and cross correlation functions and lagged regressions were used to evaluate sector influence. Topical foci of conversations included: meat trade, separation anxiety and dog theft. Sentiment score remained stable until the last phase where sentiment decreased (F3, 78, 508= 44.4,p&lt; 0.001), representing an increased use of negative language. Sentiment differed between the four sectors (F3, 11, 794= 52.2,p&lt; 0.001), with Personal and Press accounts presenting the greatest use of negative language. Personal accounts were initially partly influenced by State accounts (R= −0.26;p= 0.05), however this altered to Press accounts by the last phase (R= −0.31;p= 0.02).DiscussionOur findings highlight that whilst Personal accounts may affect sector-specific messaging online, perhaps more importantly: language used, and sentiment expressed by Press, State and Other accounts may influence public perception. This draws attention to the importance of sector responsibility regarding accurate and appropriate messaging, as irresponsible/ill-considered comments or campaigns may impact future human-animal interaction.
Ballistic study on the penetration potential and injury potential of different bullet types in the use of a newly developed bullet shooting stunner for adequate stunning of heavy cattle
Authors: Gascho Dominic , Stephan Roger , Zoelch Niklaus , Vogt Michael , Oesch Michelle Aimée , Thali Michael , Richter Henning 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionRecently, a special bullet shooting stunner for heavy cattle has been developed that fires a bullet instead of a bolt. In the search for a suitable ammunition, the following criteria must be met: First, the energy of the bullet must be sufficient to penetrate the thick frontal bones of heavy cattle. Second, the injury potential at the corresponding penetration depth should preferably be large in order to damage brain tissue relevant to stunning. Third, the bullet must not perforate the occipital bone (over-penetration).MethodsFour different bullet types [Hornady FTX, Hydra-Shok, Black Mamba, and a common full metal jacket (FMJ) bullet] were evaluated in a series of experiments on soap blocks and removed bone plates followed by computed tomography examinations. Penetration potential was evaluated in terms of kinetic energy relative to the caliber of the bullet, i.e., mean energy density (ED). Injury potential was evaluated by the mean extent of the cavity volume (eCV) at the relevant penetration depth of 5.5 to 7.5 cm in the soap block.ResultsAll four bullet types passed through the frontal bone plate. The ED was 17.50 J/mm2 (Hornady FTX), 17.46 J/mm2 (Hydra-Shok), 13.47 J/mm2 (Black Mamba), and 13.47 J/mm2 (FMJ). The Hornady FTX and the Hydra-Shok each fragmented heavily. The FMJ was excluded after three experiments due to over-penetrations. The eCV was eCV = 3.77 cm2 (Hornady FTX), 2.71 cm2 (Hydra-Shok), and 1.31 cm2 (Black Mamba), with a significant difference (p = 0.006) between the Hornady FTX and the Black Mamba.DiscussionFor use in heavy cattle, the Hornady FTX and the Hydra-Shok are recommended due to the larger eCV than the Black Mamba.
Inoculation with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Improves the Sustainability of Tropical Pastures with Megathyrsus maximus
Authors: Guimarães Gabriel Silva , Rondina Artur Berbel Lirio , de Oliveira Junior Admilton Gonçalves , Jank Liana , Nogueira Marco Antonio , Hungria Mariangela 
Published: March 2023

Brazil is the second-largest producer and the first exporter of beef, with herds mainly raised in extensive pastures, where Megathyrsus maximus occupies over 30 Mha. About 70% of the pastures are under degradation, and using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) may contribute to reversing this scenario. We investigated the effects of PGPB on the growth of six cultivars of M. maximus—Tanzania-1, Massai, BRS Zuri, Mombaça, BRS Tamani, and BRS Quênia—under greenhouse conditions. Plants were inoculated, or not, with the elite strains of Azospirillum brasilense CNPSo 2083 + CNPSo 2084, Bacillus subtilis CNPSo 2657, Pseudomonas fluorescens CNPSo 2719, or Rhizobium tropici CNPSo 103. At 35 days after emergence, plants were evaluated for ten root growth traits, shoot dry weight, and the levels of macro and micronutrients accumulated in shoots. Several root traits were increased due to inoculation in all genotypes, impacting plant growth and nutrient uptake. Despite the differences in effectiveness, all genotypes benefited from PGPB to some degree, but Mombaça and BRS Zuri were more responsive. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that bacterial species differed in their capacity to colonize seeds and rootlets. The results show that inoculation with elite PGPB strains may represent an important strategy for the sustainability of M. maximus pastures.
Intoxicação por vitamina D associada a Doença Renal Crônica
Authors: Pires Henrique Fernandes de Moura , Ferraz Fabio Humberto Ribeiro Paes , Ramalho Gabriel Xavier , Mikhael Bruno Mourão , Borges Alanna Oliveira , Fernandes Amanda Graziella Rodrigues 
Published: March 2023

A doença renal crônica (DRC) é atualmente entendida como um problema de saúde pública devido a sua crescente prevalência em todo o mundo. A principal forma de terapia renal substitutiva (TRS) no Brasil – assim como em outros países do mundo – é a hemodiálise, realizado em hospitais, entidades filantrópicas, mas sobretudo em unidades periféricas não-hospitalares (denominadas clínicas de diálise), em sua maioria conveniadas com o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). As principais causas de DRC no mundo são nefropatia diabética, nefroesclerose hipertensiva e glomerulopatis primárias, sendo as demais causas raras. Relatos de intoxicação exógena por vitamina D tem se tornado frequentes nos últimos anos, sendo a causa em geral é iatrogênica. O seguinte trabalho visa a descrição de um relato de caso envolvendo o papel da intoxicação exógena por vitamina D na gênese de DRC. O caso clínico descrito foi de um paciente de 29 anos que fazia uso por conta própria de vitamina ADE e que evoluiu para ureterolitíase obstrutiva, nefrocalcinose bilateral e DRC. O paciente foi submetido a nefrostomia percutânea à esquerda guiada por ultrassonografia, e posteriormente nefrolitotripsia percutânea à esquerda e implante de cateter duplo J. Paciente apresentou melhora parcial da creatinina, evoluindo posteriormente com diagnóstico de DRC estágio IV (ClCr estimado em 22,1 ml/min/1.73 m2), em seguimento clínico no ambulatório da nefrologia.