bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYTICAL PHILOSOPHY SIGNIFICANCE IN LEGAL UNDERSTANDING EVOLUTION
Authors: Равочкин Н.Н. 
Published: September 2023

Правовая проблематика является одной из наиболее значимых на современном этапе мирового развития. Данный регулятор общественных отношений является вершиной теоретической мысли интеллектуалов различных эпох и цивилизаций. Однако комплексный характер права дает основания для построения множества дискурсивных мостов, связанных с пониманием данного феномена. Сегодня философы стремятся преодолеть проблему неоднозначного восприятия права, а также последующих этапов, связанных с его пониманием и практическим применением. Различные попытки, ориентированные на позитивизацию правопонимания, предлагают плюрализм инструментов и методов для достижения данной амбициозной цели. Представители аналитической философии, преследуя точность и ясность в толковании правовых норм и понятий, предпочитают руководствоваться строгими методами. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу вклада аналитиков в эволюцию правопонимания на современном этапе мирового развития. Осуществлен анализ направлений воздействия идей аналитической философии на правовую сферу. Обозначены ключевые достижения, связанные с контекстуальным пониманием норм. Выявлена двойственная природа права. Проведены разграничительные линии между сферой права и другими областями общественной жизни. В заключение подведены итоги и намечены перспективы дальнейших исследований.
Legal issues are one of the most significant at the present stage of world development. This regulator of social relations is the pinnacle of the theoretical thought of intellectuals of various eras and civilizations. However, the complex nature of law gives rise to the construction of many discursive bridges related to the understanding of this phenomenon. Today, philosophers are trying to overcome the problem of ambiguous perception of law, as well as the subsequent stages associated with its understanding and practical application. Various attempts aimed at the positivization of legal understanding offer a plurality of tools and methods to achieve this ambitious goal. Representatives of analytical philosophy, pursuing accuracy and clarity in the interpretation of legal norms and concepts, prefer to be guided by strict methods. This article is devoted to the analysis of the contri-bution of analysts to the evolution of legal understanding at the present stage of world development. The analysis of the directions of influence of the ideas of analytical philosophy on the legal sphere is carried out. The key achievements related to the contextual understanding of the norms are outlined. The dual nature of law is revealed. Dividing lines are drawn between the sphere of law and other areas of public life. In conclusion, the results are summarized and prospects for further research are outlined.
THE PROBLEM OF FEAR OF NOTHINGNESS, BUDDHISM AND IRWIN YALOM 'S WORLDVIEW
Authors: Буланов В.В. , Ганутина Е.Г. 
Published: September 2023

Авторы статьи исходят из того, что страх небытия является одним из основных человеческих страхов. Они проводят сравнение стратегий по ослаблению страха небытия, предложенных буддизмом и И. Яломом. Они приходят к выводу, что обе эти стратегии объединяет призыв к воспитанию своего бесстрастного отношения к небытию.
The authors of the article proceed from the fact that the fear of nothingness is one of the main human fears. They compare strategies to reduce the fear of nothingness proposed by buddhism and I. Yalom. They come to the conclusion that both of these strategies are united by a call to cultivate their dispassionate attitude to nothingness.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOCUS REPRESENTATIONS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS ABOUT FUTURE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Посохова А.В. , Шептуха В.В. 
Published: September 2023

В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования направленности представлений учащихся колледжа о своем профессиональном будущем. В исследовании приняли участие учащиеся колледжа, сгруппированные по уровню успеваемости – высокая и невысокая успеваемость. Отмечены психологические трудности в сфере представлений у учащихся, при этом сфера представлений у учащихся с высоким уровнем успеваемости развита существенно больше, чем у учащихся с невысокой успеваемостью. Установлено, что у студентов колледжа, независимо от пола и уровня успеваемости, доминируют утилитарно-прагматические представления, то есть образы представления о материальном достатке, качестве и уровне жизни, которые может обеспечить будущая профессиональная деятельность. Студенты хорошо представляют будущие возможные позитивные изменения, при этом воспринимая их как стабильные. Выявлены недостаточно четкие и ясные представления о себе в профессиональном будущем, возможном статусе и карьере. Проанализированы такие характеристики направленности представлений, как приоритетное внимание, яркость, четкость, интенсивность, реалистичность, устойчивость, оригинальность, контролируемость, влияние на учебу.
The article presents the results of an empirical study of the orientation of college students' ideas about their professional future. The study involved college students, grouped according to the level of academic performance - high and low academic performance. Psychological difficulties in the sphere of representations of students were noted, while the sphere of representations in students with a high level of progress was developed significantly more than in students with low progress. It has been established that college students, regardless of gender and academic performance, are dominated by utilitarian-pragmatic ideas, that is, images of material wealth, quality and standard of living that future professional activities can provide. Students have a good idea of future possible positive changes, while perceiving them as stable. Insufficiently clear and clear ideas about oneself in the professional future, possible status and career were revealed. Such characteristics of the orientation of representations as: priority attention, brightness, clarity, intensity, realism, stability, originality, controllability, impact on learning are analyzed.
PRIMARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN ORENBURG REGION IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD
Authors: Хасанова Ю.Р. 
Published: September 2023

Освещены важные преобразования в системе начального профессионального образования в Оренбургской области начиная с 1991-го по 2000-е гг. Показана специфика переходного периода, когда шла перестройка законодательного характера, заложившая нормативно-правовую основу новой российской государственности. Использованы материалы «Российского статистического ежегодника» (Федеральная служба государственной статистики). Основное внимание уделено вопросам преобразования стандартов госрегулирования образовательного функционирования, созданию рыночной институциональной среды, а также модернизации экономических систем в начальном профессиональном образовании региона.
The article is devoted to important transformations in the system of initial vocational education in the Orenburg region from 1991 to the 2000s. The author shows the specifics of the transition period from 1991-2000s., when the legislative restructuring took place, which laid the legal basis for the new Russian statehood. In the article, the author uses quantitative characteristics that are indicative and are not of a principled nature, as there are discrepancies in the field of statistics in education, which is related to both different approaches in the calculation, and with a uniform understanding of a fixed phenomenon. The author uses materials of «Russian statistical yearbook» (Federal Service of State Statistics). The author focuses on issues of transformation of standards of state regulation of educational functioning, creation of market institutional environment, as well as modernization of economic systems in primary vocational education of the region.
UV-VIS kaynaklı CFT-GO tabanlı pilot ölçek fotokataliz prosesinin konjugatif gen transfer mekanizmasına etkisininin belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZKAL Can Burak 
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma, antimikrobiyal direncin kontrolünde (AMR) sürdürülebilir yaklaşımlar arasında olan, atıksuyun etkin dezenfeksiyonu üzerine kurulmuştur. Fotokataliz prosesi, ölçeklenebilir, araştırma ve geliştirmeye açık bir ileri oksidasyon prosesidir. Deneysel çalışmalarda kullanılan grafen-oksit-Ti-CuFe2O4 nanokompozit fotokatalizörleri, yeşil bir yaklaşımla sentezlenmiştir. Parabolik kolektör destekli fotoreaktörde, sub-letal fotokatalitik oksidasyonun alıcı ve verici E. coli suşları arasındaki konjugatif gen transferi mekanizmasına etkileri deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Farklı fotokatalizörlerin bakteri inaktivasyon hızı üzerine etkisi yanında, alıcı suşlarda eşleşmiş çiftlerin oluşumu (transkonjugant) frekansını ve nihai miktarını azaltan bir etki gösterdiği ortaa konulmuştur.
Alıcı ve verici suşların eşzamanlı olarak fotokatalitik oksidasyona maruz kalması, her iki suş için de yaklaşık ~3 LOG giderim sağlamış ve transkonjugan oluşumunu kontrol edebilecek koşular oluşturmuştur.
Fotokatalizör yüzeyi, reaktif oksijen türleri ve bakteriyel hücrelerin etkileşimi, ARG transferinin kontrolünde belirleyici bir rol oynamıştır. Alıcı hücrelerin canlılığı üzerindeki fotokatalitik oksidasyon mekanizmalarının etkisi, konjugatif ARG transferinin azaltıldığı sürekli işletme sırasında açıkça görülmüş ve transkonjuganların sayısı 102 CFU mL-1'nin altına düşmüştür. Bu çalışma, PC'nin atıksu arıtımında etkili dezenfeksiyon ve AMR kontrolü için potansiyelini göstermektedir."
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN KEJAHATAN PRAKTIK KEDOKTERAN ILEGAL
Authors: Yulia Rena , Prakarsa Aliyth 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKFenomena kasus yang melibatkan tenaga kesehatan dengan pasien, belakangan ini sering terjadi. Penegakan hukum terhadap kasus tersebut pun sudah berjalan, akan tetapi belum beriringan dengan perlindungan terhadap korbannya, oleh karena itu menarik untuk dikaji perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada korban praktik kedokteran ilegal dalam Putusan Nomor 863/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Srg. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Putusan Nomor 863/Pid.Sus/2016/ PN.Srg belum memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap korban praktik kedokteran ilegal. Hal ini terlihat dengan tidak adanya restitusi ataupun kompensasi bagi korban di dalam putusan tersebut. Putusan hakim lebih berorientasi pada penghukuman bagi pelaku, tetapi belum mempertimbangkan pemulihan kerugian hak-hak korban. Meski pengaturan perlindungan korban telah ada, akan tetapi dalam penegakan hukum kasus ini masih menggunakan paradigma penghukuman bagi pelaku tanpa pemenuhan terhadap korban.Kata kunci: praktik kedokteran ilegal; hak-hak korban; restitusi. ABSTRACT Lately there are often legal cases involving health workers dealing with their patients. Law enforcement has been implementing, but many have not provided protection for victims. One of the interesting decisions is Decision Number 863/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Srg that highlights the legal protection of victims of illegal medical practice. This study uses a normative research method with a case study approach. The result of this research shows that the Decision Number 863/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Srg has not provided legal protection for victims and it seen by the absence of restitution or compensation for victims. The panel of judges is more intend to punish the perpetrators of criminal acts, but does not consider restoring the rights of victims. Even though the regulation on victim protection is available, the paradigm used by the judges still tends to punish perpetrators rather than fulfillment of victims' rights. Keywords: illegal medical practice; victim rights; restitution.
PENGUSUNGAN CALON ANGGOTA DEWAN PERWAKILAN DAERAH SEBAGAI BENTUK REPRESENTASI DAERAH
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Hapsoro Fakhris Lutfianto 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKAda ketidaksinkronan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung terkait persyaratan calon anggota Dewan Perwakilan Daerah tahun 2019. Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 65P / HUM / 2018 memandang bahwa Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 30 / PUU-XVI / 2018 dan Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum Nomor 26 Tahun 2018 tidak boleh diberlakukan secara surut. Pertimbangan putusan tersebut memuat sebagai non-retroaktif dan kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan peraturan peraturan-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Putusan Nomor 65P / HUM / 2018 memberikan kesempatan kepada pengurus partai politik untuk menjadi calon anggota Dewan Perwakilan Daerah tahun 2019. Hakikatnya Mahkamah Agung tidak membatalkan Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum Nomor 26 Tahun 2018 secara keseluruhan,Kata kunci: asas non-retroaktif; calon anggota Dewan Perwakilan Daerah; kepastian hukum. ABSTRAKThere is an unsynchronization of the Constitutional Court's Decision and the Supreme Court's Decision related to the requirements for candidates of Regional Representative Council (DPD) members in 2019. The Supreme Court's Decision Number 65P/HUM/2018 considers that the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 30/PUU-XVI/2018 and General Election Commission (KPU) Regulation Number 26 of 2018 cannot apply retroactively. Those decision considerations contain non-retroactive principle and legal certainty. By using statutory and conceptual approaches, this research comes to the conclussions that the Decision Number 65P/HUM/2018 provided an opportunity for political party officials to become candidates for Regional Representative Council members in 2019. Essentially, the Supreme Court did not cancel all the General Election Commission Regulation Number 26 of 2018, but only could not retroactively applied for those who participated in the nomination process of the Regional Representative Council members in 2019, prior to the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 30/PUU-XVI/2018 and General Election Commission Regulation Number 26 of 2018.Kata kunci: prinsip non-retroaktif; calon anggota Dewan Perwakilan Daerah; kepastian hukum.
PELARANGAN AKTIVITAS KELOMPOK KEAGAMAAN TANPA KOMENTAR UMUM KIHSP
Authors: Tobroni Faiq 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti masalah pengabaian prinsip pembatasan kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan yang timbul sebagai akibat adanya pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan Nomor 23 P/HUM/2011. Pertimbangan tersebut tidak menggunakan Komentar Umum 22 Kovenan Internasional Hak Sipil dan Politik (KIHSP). Rumusan masalah penelitian ini mempertanyakan bagaimana pertimbangan hukum yang disampaikan oleh majelis hakim serta rincian prinsip pembatasan kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan yang terabaikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan memanfaatkan salinan Putusan Nomor 23 P/HUM/2011 dan beberapa perangkat peraturan yang relevan sebagai bahan hukum primer. Dalam mengadili permohonan judicial review atas keberadaan beberapa peraturan kepala daerah yang melarang kegiatan Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia (JAI), majelis hakim menerima keberadaan KIHSP sebagai pertimbangan hukumnya, tetapi tidak sampai menggunakan Komentar Umum 22 KIHSP. Hal tersebut menyebabkan argumentasi hakim meninggalkan beberapa prinsip pembatasan hak asasi manusia yang seharusnya digunakan untuk meninjau ulang, apakah cara memenuhi persyaratan pembatasan sudah sesuai dengan prinsip pembatasan tersebut. Beberapa rincian prinsip tersebut adalah prinsip kesebandingan, penafsiran ketat, dan non-diskriminasi. Kata kunci: peraturan kepala daerah; komentar umum; kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan; hak asasi manusia. ABSTRACTThis study is intended to examine the problem of neglecting the principle of limiting freedom of religion and belief that arises as a result of legal considerations in Decision Number 23 P/HUM/2011. These considerations do not take General Comment 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The research problems are: how the legal considerations conveyed by the panel of judges are formulated and what are the details of the neglected principles of freedom of religion and belief restriction? This study was a normative legal research method by utilizing a copy of Decision Number 23 P/HUM/2011 and several relevant regulatory instruments as primary legal materials. In adjudicating a request for a judicial review of the existence of several regional head regulations that prohibit the activities of the Indonesian Ahmadiyya Jama’ah (JAI), the panel of judges accepted the existence of the ICCPR as a legal consideration, but did not use General Comment 22 ICCPR. This caused the judge’s argument to abandon some of the principles of limiting human rights that should be utilized to review whether the method of ful lling the limitation requirements is in accordance with the limitation principle. Some of the details of these principles are the principles of comparability, strict interpretation and non-discrimination.Keywords: regional head regulations; general comments; freedom of religion and belief; human rights.
PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM MENILAI AKTA WASIAT YANG MEMBATALKAN WASIAT SEBELUMNYA
Authors: Butarbutar Elisabeth Nurhaini 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK Wasiat umum merupakan akta yang dibuat notaris tentang kehendak seseorang atas harta kekayaannya setelah meninggal yang dapat dicabut kembali. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap Putusan Nomor 99/PDT.G/2020/PN BALIGE, untuk mengetahui penilaian hakim terhadap kekuatan wasiat umum yang membatalkan wasiat pewaris sebelumnya, dan pertimbangan hakim menyatakan tidak ada kesalahan dalam pembuatan wasiat umum. Metode yang digunakan adalah normatif yuridis yang mengkaji bahan hukum yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian hakim atas kekuatan wasiat umum sehingga dapat mencabut wasiat pewaris sebelumnya didasarkan pada kekuatan bukti sempurna yang melekat pada akta otentik, padahal wasiat pewaris sebelumnya juga mempunyai kekuatan pembuktian sempurna karena tanda tangan di dalamnya diakui atau tidak disangkal. Pertimbangan hakim menyatakan tidak ada kesalahan dalam pembuatan wasiat umum didasarkan pada formalitas pembuatan akta, yang dinilai sesuai dengan undang undang sedangkan pejabat yang membuat hanya menjalankan tugas dan kewenangannya. Namun demi keadilan, seharusnya, hakim memperhatikan kepentingan ahli waris lain yang kehilangan hak akibat pencabutan wasiat yang dibuat secara sah menurut hukum adat dan pejabat harus mempertimbangkan akibat hukumnya sebelum melakukan tugas dan kewenangannya. Kata kunci: penilaian; membatalkan; bukti sempurna; akta wasiat; kesalahan. ABSTRACT A general testament is a deed made by a notary about a person’s will over his/her property after death which can be revoked. Against Decision Number 99/PDT.G/2020/PN BALIGE, research was conducted by the author to determine the judge’s assessment of the general testament strength that canceled the previous testator’s will and the judge’s consideration that stated there was no mistake in making the general testament. The method used is normative juridical, which examines legal materials related to the problem. The results showed that the judge’s assessment of the general testament’s strength that could revoke the testator’s last will was based on the strength of perfect evidence attached to the authentic deed, even though the testator last will also had excellent evidentiary strength because the signature in it was acknowledged or not denied. The judge’s consideration stated that there was no mistake in making the general testament based on the formality of doing the deed, which was considered compatible with the law, while the official who made it only carried out his duties and authority. However, in favor of justice, judges should pay attention to other heir’s interests who have lost their rights because of the revocation of a will that is legal according to customary law, and the officials should consider the legal consequences before performing their duties and authorities.Keywords: judgment; canceling; perfect evidence; deed of will, mistake.
Mindfulness practices among the medical faculty of a private medical college.
Authors: Uzma Kausar  , Noor I Kiran Haris  , Muhammad Sohail Anjum Noor  , Muhammad Usama Sohail  , Hamza Rana  
Published: September 2023

Objective: To explore mindfulness practice in clinical and basic science faculty in a private medical college. Study Design: Comparative Cross-sectional study. Setting: Abwa Medical College Faisalabad. Period: 15th December 2022 to 15th January 2023. Material & Methods: Faculty members of MBBS from basic medical sciences and clinical sciences of Abwa Medical College Faisalabad were enrolled in the study after taking informed consent. A total of 37 participants were enrolled in the study using a purposive sampling technique. Sixteen participants belonged to the basic medical science faculty, and 21 from the clinical science faculty. A pilot study was conducted to validate the questionnaire, and after validation, data was collected and analyzed in SPSS version 21. Categorical data were represented in frequency and percentage, and P-value was calculated by comparing the responses of both groups using an independent t-test. Results: A total of 37 participants were enrolled in the study. The mean age calculated was 39 years. Out of 16 participants in basic medical sciences, 44% were male, and 56 were female. However, of the clinical science faculty, 71% were male, and 29% were female. Participants taking breakfast in the early morning had a statistically significant p-value of 0.036 (Basic sciences faculty Mean S.D = 3.13 1.15, Clinical Science Faculty Mean S.D = 3.95 1.07). Participants having a sense of community also recorded a P value of 0.0005. on the other hand, people driving to home were more prone to anxiety and stress with a P-value = 0.044. Conclusion: There have been varied practices of mindfulness among medical faculty of basic & clinical sciences to cope stress. More studies are warranted to assess the frequency &practices of mindfulness among basic & clinical faculty, so as to have positive impact on personal, institutional & professionalbenefits.