bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Trainee Knowledge of Raising Concerns: A Trainee-Led Session at Induction for Postgraduate Doctors in Training
Authors: Davies Sian , Ibbett Vicki , Hubbard Katherine , Kulman Ella , Pantall Shay-Anne , Scally Ruth 
Published: July 2023

AimsAs part of a wider Quality Improvement Project aiming to improve trainees’ experiences with ‘Raising Concerns’ in a large mental health trust, we sought to improve induction processes to make information on raising concerns more accessible when starting a new post. Based on change ideas generated from our driver diagram, peer-delivered information was identified as a useful tool, so a trainee-led session was introduced to the induction programme.MethodsA 60-minute trainee-led session was integrated into the induction programme for Postgraduate Doctors in Training in August 2022. The session included sections on raising concerns, on-call advice and rota information. Following the induction, as part of our “Plan, Do, Study, Act” (PDSA) cycle, we sent a questionnaire to gather data from trainees, which covered quantitative measures, including overall helpfulness of the session and effectiveness of information on ‘raising concerns’, and qualitative feedback for how to improve the session. The session was replicated at both the December 2022 and February 2023 inductions, incorporating the feedback from each previous session.ResultsOn a 1-5 scale (5 = strongly agree), the average response for how helpful the trainee-led induction session was 4.5 from both the August and December 2022 inductions. 4 out of 6 responders from the August 2022 induction specifically mentioned the information on raising concerns as being particularly helpful. There was also feedback on improvements that could be introduced, such as increasing the amount of time for the session to allow for more questions. When asked to rate the helpfulness of the ‘raising concerns’ section, the average response was 4.83 and 4.50 for August and December 2022 inductions, respectively. Following the feedback from August 2022, we implemented changes to increase the duration to 90 minutes and include trainee reps in a separate ‘Question and Answer’ session. Unfortunately, there were only 2 responders to the December 2022 questionnaire due to a small intake, so we will evaluate data from February 2023 induction to analyse the effectiveness of changes made to the session and assess the need for further improvements.ConclusionOverall, the response to our trainee-led induction session has been positive, with good feedback both for the whole session and specifically relating to ‘raising concerns’. It has highlighted trainees’ appreciation for peer-delivered information and the need for more time in this session. The questionnaire from February 2023 induction will give more data on whether our improvements have been effective and provide ideas for future PDSA cycles.
Examination of Kubler Ross Model of Grief From the Perspective of Bollywood Cinematic Media
Authors: Dawar Aditi , Dara Praneeth , Sule Akeem 
Published: July 2023

AimsBollywood cinema is one of the largest entertainment industries, catering to a population of more than 1.4 billion people across the world. Social psychiatry faces a challenging relationship with pop culture and understanding such portrayals of mental health culture could be valuable to public mental health. "Goodbye" is a fictional movie depicting various stages of Kubler Ross model of grief following a bereavement.MethodsAS, AD and PD had structured discussions to analyse themes, social determinants and psychiatric correlations following bereavement in a Bollywood movie called "Goodbye".Results“Goodbye” is a well acclaimed Bollywood movie. The story revolves around a family responding to a sudden bereavement of their loved one.This story clearly depicts individual responses to the incident based on their attachment and psychosocial circumstances. It demonstrates varied responses depending upon their own perception of the processes following bereavement.In the movie each individual is observed coping with their own roller coaster of emotions and at the same time struggling to fit into the complex demands of the moment.Even though each individual responded differently it clearly demonstrates each of them going through Kubler Ross stages of grief reaction. It focuses on the psychodynamic makeup of each individual and their response mechanisms.The movie begins with the daughter getting the news of her mother's death and immediately going into shock/denial. It is followed by anger which she directs towards her father for following the rituals around death in a Hindu culture. She challenges the practice of lighting the funeral pyre only by the sons. She reminisces telling her mother that once she dies she will get all her jewellery and displays guilt around this, leading to significantly low mood and bargaining as well. Once they are in the process of finishing all the rituals she comes to terms with her mother's death and reconciles with her father, showing acceptance.The cultural milieu plays a strong role in various responses to bereavement. The family follows various Hindu rituals for 13 days, which helped them stick to each other's side and reach the stage of acceptance following the death of a daughter, a sister, a wife and a mother.ConclusionThis movie beautifully exemplifies how grief is a universal concept even in various socio-cultural backgrounds. It is a good study for anyone interested in understanding grief through a cultural medium. It demonstrates the importance of support network in tiding over significant life events.
Treating Through “The Sopranos”: A Biopsychosocial Approach
Authors: Hamour Omer , Sule Akeem 
Published: July 2023

AimsTelevision is a medium through which an audience can gain insight into the nuances of psychiatric practice. Nonetheless, the psychoeducational benefits are dependent on accurate portrayals. “The Sopranos” has received critical acclaim from various professional psychiatric bodies for its artistic depiction of psychoanalysis and the psychotherapeutic relationship. The series follows Tony Soprano, a middle-aged Italian-American male engaged in organized crime. He is referred to his psychiatrist, Dr Melfi, by his family physician after suffering debilitating panic attacks. Melfi accepts the referral despite Tony's chequered past, employing a holistic approach to his care. We aimed to analyse the psychotherapeutic relationship between Tony Soprano and his psychiatrist, using a biopsychosocial approach.MethodsSeason 1 of “The Sopranos” was identified by a facilitator and utilized for discussion. The season was viewed individually and virtual case-based dialogues took place between the author and facilitator examining the psychotherapeutic relationship using the biopsychosocial model.ResultsThe Sopranos coincided with the popularity of the serotonin theory of depression in the US, promoted by the pharmaceutical industry. Tony Soprano is pharmacologically treated for panic attacks, anxiety and depression. This sparked thematic discussion around symptom control, medication efficacy and adverse effects. Melfi balances the application of medication alongside understanding the psychological roots of symptoms, deprescribing when necessary.Themes pertaining to conflict between Freud's id, ego and superego persisted, manifesting cognitive dissonance most prominently in relation to Tony's line of work. Symbolism of ducks guided understanding of Tony's biggest fear – losing his family. Projective testing was explored, alluding to the Rorschach test. Scenes depicting transference and countertransference were present, the former representing Tony's unmet needs from female figures in his life. Eventually, Tony's distress induces internally generated pseudohallucinations.Tony's tender treatment of his children offsets his volatile relationship with his parents, particularly his mother who habitually antagonizes her son. His personal and professional life are intertwined, with mental health stigma evident in both realms as Tony seeks help surreptitiously to maintain his credibility.Conclusion“The Sopranos” depicts the psychotherapeutic relationship between a man suffering from mental illness and his therapist. This layered and accurate portrayal can provide a case-based reference for psychoeducational discussion, and give rise to further discussions of psychiatric themes within film and television.
Learning From Serious Incidents - Support Programme for Trainees
Authors: Rao Prathibha , Harris Jennifer , Paisley Emma 
Published: July 2023

AimsA significant number of Psychiatrists will experience a serious incident (SI) whilst in training. CNTW Trainee Led Implementation Committee (TLiC) felt that the trust SI reporting process and support offered for trainees was inconsistent, anxiety provoking and at times insensitive. We decided to review existing processes to support trainees through SIs and develop a programme that addresses these areas.Aims of programmeImprove trainers’ confidence in supporting a trainee involved in SI. Establish robust mechanisms to support trainees involved in SIMethodsThe SI medical education quality team with a trainee representative, set up a comprehensive programme to address above objectives.
•Process: System for weekly notifications of incidents from trust safety team and producing a useful algorithm to decide thresholds for reporting to Live flow (Health Education North East). Trainee notification of incidents via their named Clinical and Educational supervisors.•Trainers support: Produced a template that would form basis of discussion with trainee covering educational and governance areas, resources and support offered- uploaded to trainee's portfolio/form R for ARCP review. Workshop conducted for trainers to enhance their knowledge in supporting trainees.•Trainee support: Rolling training programme for trainees-sessions from trust SI team, trainee sharing personal experience of involvement in SI, Coroners Inquest by trust Legal department and Interactive Human factor approach-based case studies. Ongoing support from trust safety team- immediate (team debriefing, after action reviews) and long-term support (SI panel and legal representation) offered to all trainees. Learning opportunities offered - observing coroners and joining SI panels.ResultsWe have run 5 trainee days since 2019- attended by 79 trainees in total.
•All sessions rated excellent. Sessions of trainee's perspective, legal perspective and case study discussions being rated the best.•Almost all trainees felt that the session would have a significant impact on their clinical practice- in particular contemporaneous documentation reflecting decision making. Many felt the need for an informal peer support group that they could access.•Workshop for trainers was also rated good/excellentConclusionCreating a culture which supports reporting concerns around safety and focuses on learning is crucial. Trainers often feel ill equipped to support a trainee. Our programme which now includes a peer support group provides a comprehensive and systematic package to help address all these areas and promote a culture of openness with quality and safety being the top priorities, right from a grass root level.
Provision of Climate Emergency Teaching for Psychiatry Trainees: A Deanery Wide Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Roberts Rosa , Etter Olivia 
Published: July 2023

AimsIn 2021, The Royal College of Psychiatrists declared a climate emergency, stating that “The disruption to life posed by climate and ecological degradation is a crisis which presents an unprecedented threat to human health”. In 2022 the College released an updated curriculum for both Core Trainees and Higher Trainees, which included the requirement that trainees “demonstrate an understanding of the principles of sustainability and how they underpin sustainable psychiatric practice”. We aimed both to understand whether Core Psychiatry Trainees (CTs) are meeting the new sustainability curriculum requirements and to increase awareness of the connections between the climate crisis and mental health.MethodsWe used an electronic questionnaire to survey CTs baseline understanding of the climate emergency and sustainable practices in psychiatry, with reference to clauses included in the 2022 curriculum and Silver Guide. An educational module on the climate emergency was planned and delivered to CTs in 2022 and 2023. Content included sustainable practices in psychiatry and the relevance of the climate crisis to mental healthcare. Feedback was gathered afterwards.ResultsThe questionnaire showed 44% of CTs surveyed disagreed or felt neutral that they could demonstrate an understanding of the principles of sustainability and 56% disagreed or strongly disagreed that they understand how the mental healthcare system can work to reduce potential negative impacts of healthcare on the environment. Feedback from the initial teaching day in 2022 included the following suggested improvements 1) Highlighting the relevance to psychiatry 2) Holding the day in person 3) Avoiding sessions with too many facts. These suggestions were incorporated into the second teaching day, along with the new College Silver guide curriculum requirements. 32 CTs attended the second teaching day (16 in person and 16 online), with some overlap in attendees from the previous year. Feedback from the second day was very positive. Respondents particularly found the session on young people and eco-distress useful, and reported finding the day ‘educational’, ‘insightful’, ‘practical’ and ‘accessible’. Further suggested improvements were to incorporate a nature based intervention into the day.ConclusionOur findings showed psychiatry trainees find educational sessions on the climate crisis and psychiatry necessary and useful for their practice. This project gives an insight into how to provide this teaching in way that is reflective of the scale and urgency of the issue whilst also providing practical advice, optimism and active hope for the future.
The Association of Black Psychiatrists-UK Culture Club: The Experience So Far and Proposed Future Directions
Authors: Talabi Olufemi , Shonibare Oluwafunminiireayomi , Ogundalu Abisola , Akanle Olukemi , Fapohunda Mosun , Sule Akeem , Omojuwa Toyin , Kwentoh Mona-Lisa , Nwokolo Isioma , Edwards Allison , Orimoloye Olamide , Ofovwe-Onwusi Fejiro , Ijete Elohor , Medubi Adeyinka , Obinwa Chinwe 
Published: July 2023

AimsMedia coverage and representations in popular culture can positively and negatively impact wider social attitudes to mental health and illness.In the light of the George Floyd and Tyre Nichols murders and the discussion about racism and its legacy on Black mental health, it has become especially important to discuss the effect of popular culture on Black mental health and vice-versa. The Culture Club was formed in 2021 as an offshoot of the Association of Black Psychiatrists-UK (ABP-UK) with the aim of analysing popular culture and black mental health with a view towards finding recurring themes about Black mental health and our lived experiences of racism and racial trauma. The Culture Club comprises doctors at all levels and medical students affiliated with ABP-UK. We initially started off reviewing films as the cinema offers an accessible and enjoyable way to explore the link between popular culture and mental health. The proposed future direction is to further incorporate other media to offer a more holistic experience and to further support public education efforts.MethodsMedia from across the world featuring the intersection of racial trauma and black mental health are selected. The feature is watched individually, with a club discussion occurring virtually. Discussions are centred on the plot, characters, mental health correlations, and themes relative to our own lived experiences. We then note major or recurring themes for further exploration.ResultsTo date, we have discussed “Thirteenth”, a documentary by Ava DuVernay, “Da Five Bloods” by Spike Lee, “Red, White and Blue” by Steve McQueen, The Nollywood blockbuster series “Blood Sisters” created by Temidayo Makanjuola and “Queen and Slim” by Melina Matsoukas.The emerging critical themes from the screenings and our lived experiences are systemic racism, differential attainment, vicarious trauma, stigma and its impact on mental health, and the law.ConclusionKey themes underpin black mental health and racial trauma. These themes, if studied further, could potentially be targeted to improve the lived black experience and, in turn, black mental health.Popular culture remains an important tool in understanding Black mental health.We welcome further ideas towards improving the culture club experience.
Foundation Doctors and the New Mental Health Curricula: What They Think and What They Want
Authors: Varvari Ioana , Dewhurst Tom , Jones Corinne , Haslam Richard 
Published: July 2023

AimsThe new United Kingdom Foundation Programme Curriculum was implemented in 2021 and emphasizes the importance of Foundation Trainees (FTs) acquiring mandatory core skills and knowledge in mental health. The primary aim of our study was to enquire if the FTs perceive the new psychiatry competencies to be important and relevant to their needs. Secondarily we compared what the curriculum is offering with what FTs wished to have been offered.MethodsA hybrid questionnaire was delivered online via Google forms to all foundation doctors before and after their psychiatry rotation. Data collection took place between August 2021 and March 2023 from a sample of 85 FTs. The quantitative data were elicited via 5-point Likert scales that mapped FTs' perception of importance across areas of required knowledge and core psychiatric skills from ‘not at all’ important to ‘extremely’ important. The data were imported into Microsoft Excel and analysed via descriptive statistics. The qualitative component of eliciting what FTs want by using open-ended questions was analysed using content analysis.ResultsThe entry survey data show a combined median perceived importance of 4 (Very important) for recognizing, assessing, and managing mental health conditions. Out of these, personality disorder rated lowest with a median answer of 3 (Fairly important). These scores have seen a significant improvement in the exit survey with an overall combined median result of 5 (Extremely important). But not all areas have seen improvement, for example, eating disorders and Somatisation disorders remained unchanged with a median of 4. Interestingly, the median perceived importance of practicing core skills and managing clinical scenarios has not shown an improvement, but a slight decrease over a few categories, going from a median answer of 5 to 4. The qualitative data show that FTs would have liked to learn more about Child and Developmental Psychiatry, Bereavement, and acute health context teaching. They also wanted to learn communication skills and about psychiatry career paths and academic opportunities.ConclusionThe overall baseline perceived importance of psychiatry competencies was satisfactory, with most conditions being rated as very important. Post placements there was a shift in responses, with the same conditions being rated as extremely important. Supraspecialised areas continue to be perceived as least important and curiously, FT's importance perception of practicing core skills in the acute setting decreased. Future research should qualitatively look at why their perceptions changed and how we can improve context teaching in a heterogeneous group.
Medical Students’ Perceptions of Factors Associated With Their Mental Health and Psychological Well-being
Authors: Hawsawi Aisha Ali , Nixon Neil , Stewart Emily , Nixon Elena 
Published: July 2023

AimsIn light of growing evidence suggesting that medical students are particularly susceptible to stress and ill health, the need to enhance their psychological well-being has been highlighted as a priority concern in medical education and policy. However, only a few studies have comprehensively addressed both positive and negative contributors to medical students' psychological well-being. Therefore, this study aims to provide a more holistic understanding of medical students' psychological well-being, the coping strategies they use and any barriers they face in seeking support, as well as outline potential areas of improvement within provisional well-being support.MethodsThis qualitative study involves semi-structured interviews with 25 medical students to gain in-depth insight into their experiences and perspectives on the factors influencing their psychological well-being during their medical training. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe study's results revealed that positive and negative factors influence medical students' psychological well-being. Positive factors such as study-life balance, academic achievement, meaningful relationships with staff and peers and time spent with close friends or family positively influenced students’ psychological well-being; while adverse educational, organisational and cultural factors negatively impacted students' well-being. Additionally, COVID-19 had negatively affected students’ academic, personal and social lives. Medical students mainly used active coping strategies, including planning, acceptance, positive reframing, and seeking support. However, some students reported facing barriers in seeking support, such as fear of stigma, lack of time/support, confidentiality concerns, and difficulty in accessing support. At the same time, there was an expressed need to improve well-being services or resource provision. Students have recommended various solutions to improve mental health support in schools, including addressing cultural and organisational changes within schools, increasing access to resources, reducing the stigma surrounding mental health, and promoting positive factors that support psychological well-being.ConclusionThe findings highlight the importance of adopting a holistic approach that considers a variety of contributing factors affecting positively as well as negatively medical students’ well-being. It also highlights the need to provide a supportive and nurturing environment in medical schools and offer appropriate support and resources to help students cope with the stress and challenges of medical training.
Optimising a Digital Micro Intervention to Support Parenting Skills Using Agile Sprints
Authors: Hodson Nathan , Woods Peter 
Published: July 2023

AimsTo adapt a digital micro intervention, the Pause: Smart Parent Timer app, to support evidence-based parenting skills programs, which are first line for disruptive behavioural disorders. 77% of parents use time out but 85% use it in ways contrary to evidence. This project aimed to optimise the app to support time out and related approaches across a diverse range of parenting programs.MethodsWorking with parenting program providers across the Midlands, the app was updated through an iterative process of agile sprints. The process drew on the EAST behavioural insights framework with a focus on consistency between parenting programs and the app.ResultsThe app was improved over several stages to meet the needs and preferences of parenting program providers. Key gains included: a) improved graphics, b) improved UX, c) more options for parents to change timings, d) a wider range of timing protocols for different parenting programs, e) removing references to time out, f) added elements of mindfulness.ConclusionThis process resulted in a single app which can be used to support any major parenting skills program. Future plans include extending parent feedback and evaluating usability in practice.