bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the efficacy of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) on diabetic nephropathy by analyzing biomarkers in the glomeruli and proximal and distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys
Authors: Yu Hongmei , Wang Mei , Yu Jingshi , Tang Haitao , Xu Qing , Cheng Ning , Luo Xiaoxiao , Wang Yurong , Ge Haitao , Qiang Lei , Tang Wei , Gu Harvest F. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: As a traditional Chinese medicine, Abelmoschus manihot (L.) in the form of Huangkui (HK) capsule has been used as a medication for kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN), in China. The most significant effect of HK capsule treatment in kidney diseases is the reduction of albuminuria and proteinuria. To evaluate the efficacy of HK capsule in the regression of DN, in the current study, we analyzed the biomarkers in the glomerulus and proximal and distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys of db/db mice, the animal model for type 2 diabetes and DN.Methods: Huangkui capsules (0.84 g/kg/d) or vehicle were administered daily via oral gavage for 4 weeks in db/db mice. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and blood glucose levels were measured during the whole experimental period. Five biomarkers in the glomerulus and proximal and distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys were selected, namely, col4a3, slc5a2, slc34a1, slc12a3, and slc4a1, and their activities at mRNA and protein levels before and after HK capsule treatment were analyzed by real-time RT–PCR and immunohistochemistry.Result and discussion: After HK capsule treatment for 4 weeks, the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in db/db mice was found to be significantly decreased. The activities of col4a3, slc5a2, slc34a1, slc12a3, and slc4a1 in the kidneys were upregulated in db/db mice prior to the treatment but downregulated after HK capsule treatment. Further analyses of the fields of whole kidney tissue sections demonstrated that the number of nephrons in the kidneys of db/db mice with HK capsule treatment was higher than that in the kidneys of db/db mice without HK capsule treatment. Thereby, the current study provides experimental evidence confirming the medical efficacy of A. manihot in the reduction of albuminuria and proteinuria, suggesting that A. manihot may have pharmacological efficacy in the regression of the development of type 2 diabetes-DN.
The relevance of body composition assessment for the rating of perceived exertion in trained and untrained women and men
Authors: Lichti Julia , Maggioni Martina Anna , Balcerek Björn , Becker Philipp Nils , Labes Robert , Gunga Hanns-Christian , Fähling Michael , Steinach Mathias 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Mechanic power output (MPO) and oxygen consumption (VO2) reflect endurance capacity and are often stated relative to body mass (BM) but less often per skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) has previously shown conflicting results between sexes at submaximal intensities. Individual body composition, however, largely differs due to sex and training status. It was the aim of this study to evaluate RPE of untrained and trained individuals of both sexes considering body composition and to estimate whether RPE could be improved as a tool to determine endurance capacity.Methods: The study included 34 untrained adults (age 26.18 ± 6.34 years, 18 women) and 29 endurance trained (age 27.86 ± 5.19, 14 women) who were measured for body composition (InBody 770, InBody Europe B.V., Germany) and tested on a treadmill (Pulsar, H/P/Cosmos, Germany) for aerobic capacity (Metalyzer 3B, Cortex Biophysik GmbH, Germany) in an all-out exercise test applying the Bruce-protocol. VO2, MPO, heart rate (HR), and RPE were obtained at each exercise stage. VO2 and MPO were calculated per BM and SMM. RPE values were correlated with absolute VO2 and MPO, as well as relative to BM, and SMM. HR values and the parameters’ standardized values served for comparison to standard procedures.Results: VO2 and MPO were higher in men compared to women and in trained compared to untrained participants. No differences between groups and sexes exist when VO2 and MPO were calculated per BM. When calculated per SMM, VO2 and MPO indicate opposite results already at low intensity stages of exercise test. RPE values had highest correlation with MPO per SMM (R2 = 0.8345) compared to absolute MPO (R2 = 0.7609), or MPO per BM (R2 = 0.8176). Agreement between RPE and MPO per SMM was greater than between RPE and HR (p = 0.008).Conclusion: Although RPE represents a subjective value at first glance, it was shown that RPE constitutes a valuable tool to estimate endurance capacity, which can be further enhanced if individual body composition is considered. Furthermore, MPO and VO2 should be considered relative to SMM. These findings might help to avoid over-exertion, especially among untrained people, by adjusting the training intensity for each subject according to the individual strain evaluated in an exercise test based on individual body composition.
The boundary of life and death: changes in mitochondrial and cytosolic proteomes associated with programmed cell death of Arabidopsis thaliana suspension culture cells
Authors: Schwarze Johanna , Carolan James C. , Stewart Gavin S. , McCabe Paul F. , Kacprzyk Joanna 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDespite the critical role of programmed cell death (PCD) in plant development and defense responses, its regulation is not fully understood. It has been proposed that mitochondria may be important in the control of the early stages of plant PCD, but the details of this regulation are currently unknown. MethodsWe used Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension culture, a model system that enables induction and precise monitoring of PCD rates, as well as chemical manipulation of this process to generate a quantitative profile of the alterations in mitochondrial and cytosolic proteomes associated with early stages of plant PCD induced by heat stress. The cells were subjected to PCD-inducing heat levels (10 min, 54°C), with/without the calcium channel inhibitor and PCD blocker LaCl3. The stress treatment was followed by separation of cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions and mass spectrometry-based proteome analysis. ResultsHeat stress induced rapid and extensive changes in protein abundance in both fractions, with release of mitochondrial proteins into the cytosol upon PCD induction. In our system, LaCl3 appeared to act downstream of cell death initiation signal, as it did not affect the release of mitochondrial proteins, but instead partially inhibited changes occurring in the cytosolic fraction, including upregulation of proteins with hydrolytic activity. DiscussionWe characterized changes in protein abundance and localization associated with the early stages of heat stress-induced PCD. Collectively, the generated data provide new insights into the regulation of cell death and survival decisions in plant cells.
Linking sedentary behavior and mental distress in higher education: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Subiron-Valera Ana Belen , Rodriguez-Roca Beatriz , Calatayud Estela , Gomez-Soria Isabel , Andrade-Gómez Elena , Marcen-Roman Yolanda 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundSedentary behavior among university students could negatively affect their mental health.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship of mental health (anxiety and depression) and sedentary behavior between gender in Health Degrees at the University of Zaragoza.DesignCross-sectional descriptive study.ParticipantsSample of 257 University students who completed an online questionnaire.MethodsSedentary behavior was assessed with the SBQ questionnaire. Anxiety and depression were assessed with the GADS questionnaire. The Mann–Whitney U test and multiple linear regression models were used.ResultsIn comparison to men, female students with symptoms of anxiety spend more time in total engaged in sedentary behaviors (10.56 ± 4.83) vs. (7.8 ± 3.28; p &lt; 0.001) and mentally-passive sedentary activities [2.24 (1.57) vs. 1.15 (0.90; p &lt; 0.005)]. Female students at risk of depression also spend more hours engaged in mentally-passive sedentary behaviors in comparison to men (8.28 ± 50.70 vs. 1.27 ± 1.02; p = 0.009).ConclusionFemale students at risk of anxiety and/or depression spend more time engaged in sedentary activities in comparison to male students. The risk of anxiety and depression is associated with the total number of hours a day spent engaged in sedentary behaviors and with mentally passive behaviors, but not mentally active behaviors.
Non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation among Chinese college students of childhood emotional abuse: associations with rumination, experiential avoidance, and depression
Authors: Wang Wan , Wang Xi , Duan Guiqin 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPrior studies have proved the relationships between childhood emotional abuse (CEA) histories and suicidal thoughts or behaviors in adulthood, however, how emotion regulation strategies work as the mediating mechanism is necessary to be investigated. This study aimed to further verify the impacts of rumination, experiential avoidance (EA) and depression on the associations between CEA and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation (SI) on a sample of Chinese college students.MethodsThe Childhood Emotional Abuse Questionnaire, the Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Questionnaire, the Symptom Checklist, the Ruminative Response Scale, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale were completed by 1,317 college students.ResultsThe rates of NSSI and SI of students with CEA experiences were 31.70 and 7.90% respectively, both higher than those without such experiences. The mediating roles of rumination, EA and depression between CEA and NSSI and SI were significant (p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionThe current study shed light on the linking roles of rumination, EA and depression in the relations between CEA and NSSI and SI. It is suggested that developing adaptive emotion-regulating strategies may be helpful to the intervention of suicidal thoughts or behaviors among individuals with CEA experiences.
Trends in behavioral and biological risk factors for non-communicable diseases among adults in Bhutan: results from cross-sectional surveys in 2007, 2014, and 2019
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe study aimed to evaluate trends in the prevalence and correlates of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs; low physical activity, insufficient fruit/vegetable intake, current tobacco use, problem alcohol use, diabetes, hypertension, increased total cholesterol, and obesity) in Bhutan.MethodsThree repeat cross-sectional Bhutan STEPS surveys (N = 9,281) in 2007, 2014, and 2019 were analyzed.ResultsThe proportion of people with 3–8 NCD risk factors significantly decreased from 62.8% in 2007 to 32.6% in 2019 (p &lt; 0.001), and the mean number of NCD risk factors significantly decreased from 3.0 in 2007 to 2.1 in 2019 (p &lt; 0.001). In linear regression analyses by study year, older age (p &lt; 0.001) was positively associated with eight NCD risk factors across all study years. Furthermore, male subjects were negatively (p &lt; 0.01) and positively (p &lt; 0.001) associated with eight NCD risk factors, respectively. Higher education levels (p &lt; 0.05) were positively associated with eight NCD risk factors in 2007 and negatively associated with eight NCD risk factors in 2019 (p &lt; 0.05). Employment (p &lt; 0.001) and urban residence (p &lt; 0.001) were positively associated with eight risk factors for NCD in 2019, while urban residence (p &lt; 0.001) was negatively associated with eight NCD risk factors in 2014.ConclusionThe prevalence of eight NCD risk factors decreased in Bhutan over the past 13 years. Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, problem alcohol use, and hypertension increased, current tobacco use, low physical activity, obesity, diabetes, and elevated total cholesterol decreased from 2007 to 2019. Several factors associated for eight and each individual NCD risk factor were identified, which can help guide interventions.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy by the level of area deprivation in South Korea
Authors: Hong Jihyung , Yi Sunghyun , Yoon Taeho 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveComparative evidence suggests that the impact of COVID-19 on life expectancy has been relatively milder in South Korea. This study aims to examine whether the pandemic has universal or unequal impacts on life expectancy across 250 districts with varying levels of deprivation.MethodsUsing mortality data from 2012 to 2021 obtained from the Microdata Integrated Service of Statistics Korea, we calculated life expectancy at birth and age 65 for both sexes, by deprivation quintiles, before and during the pandemic. We summarized life expectancy gaps using the slope of the inequality index (SII) and further decomposed the gaps by the contribution of age and cause of death using Arriaga’s method.ResultsBoth men and women experienced consistent improvements in life expectancy from 2012 to 2019, but the trend was disrupted during 2020 and 2021, primarily driven by older people. While men in more deprived areas were initially hit harder by the pandemic, the life expectancy gap across deprivation quintiles remained relatively constant and persistent across the study period [SII: -2.48 (CI: −2.70 from −2.27) for 2019 and − 2.84 (CI: −3.06 from −2.63) for 2020]. Middle-aged men from the most deprived areas were the most significant contributors to the life expectancy gap, with liver disease, liver cancer, transport accidents, and intentional injuries being the leading causes, both in the pre and during the pandemic. While these contributors remained largely similar before and during the pandemic, the contribution of transport accidents and liver cancer to the male life expectancy gap slightly decreased during the pandemic, while that of ischemic heart disease and pneumonia slightly increased. A similar increase was also observed for the female life expectancy gap.ConclusionThis study found no clear evidence of an increased life expectancy gap during the pandemic in South Korea, unlike in other countries, although access to emergency healthcare services may have been slightly more disturbed in deprived areas. This achievement can provide lessons for other countries. However, the persistent regional gaps in life expectancy observed over the past decade indicate the need for more targeted public health policies to address this issue.
The active aging level of the rural older adults with disability in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tian Yutong , Zhang Yan , Yan Yuwen , Zhang Huizhong , Li Xizheng 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundActive aging has been listed as an important indicator to measure the quality of life of the older adults and the construction of the senior care system. There is an imbalance between the supply and demand of senior care services for the disabled older adults in rural areas, and the quality of life needs to be improved.ObjectivesWe aimed to analyze the current situation of active aging and the influencing factors of the rural disabled older adults, in order to provide a reference basis for improving the quality of life of the rural disabled older adults.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter and cross-sectional study, using the Barthel Index Scale and Chinese version of the Active Aging Scale, to facilitate the selection of 304 rural older adults with disability in 26 villages under Henan Province for a questionnaire survey.ResultsThe mean score for the level of active aging of rural older adults with disability was 1.87 (SD 0.36), with the highest score for the dimension of being self-reliant (Mean2.29, SD 0.61) and lower scores for the dimension of active contribution to society (Mean 1.37, SD 0.55) and building up financial security (Mean 1.37, SD 0.57). The results of the multiple regression analysis showed higher levels of active aging among the disabled older adults with retirement pay, mild disability, and longer time per activity/rehabilitation exercise (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionActive aging of the rural disabled older adults is at a low level, with insufficient economic security and social participation. The national government should help improve the quality of primary health care in rural areas, build a friendly environment for senior communities, and improve policies to protect the welfare of the older adults, so as to collaboratively empower the disabled older adults in rural areas at three levels: health, participation, and protection.
Association Between Rapid Antigen Detection Tests and Real-Time Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Yang Yu-Pei , Jiesisibieke Zhu Liduzi , Tung Tao-Hsin 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: We aimed to assess the association between rapid antigen detection tests and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and the Web of Science from their inception to 31 May 2023. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate false positives in the RADTs group, relative to those in the RT-PCR group, and subgroup analyses were conducted based on the different Ct value cut-offs (&lt;40 or ≥40). We performed this study in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).Results: Fifty-one studies were included and considered to be of moderate quality. We found a satisfactory overall false positive rate (0.01, 95% CI: 0.00–0.01) for the RADTs compared to RT-PCR. In the stratified analysis, we also found that the false positive rates of the RADTs did not increase when Ct values of RT-PCR (Ct &lt; 40, 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00–0.01; Ct ≥ 40, 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00–0.01).Conclusion: In conclusion, the best available evidence supports an association between RADTs and RT-PCR. When Ct-values were analyzed using cut-off &lt;40 or ≥40, this resulted in an estimated false positive rate of only 1%.
The Genetic Susceptibility to Psoriasis and the Relationship of Linked Genes to Our Treatment Options
Authors: Patel Heli A. , Revankar Rishab R. , Pedroza Sofia T. , Graham Shaveonte , Feldman Steven R. 
Published: August 2023

Understanding the factors creating genetic susceptibility in psoriasis may provide a basis for improving targeted treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss the genes linked to the pathogenesis of psoriasis and their relationship to the available treatment options. To identify the relevant genetic markers and treatments, we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and Web of Science with keywords, including genetic susceptibility to psoriasis, genetics and psoriasis, psoriasis treatments, and biologics treatments in psoriasis. The articles in English from database inception to 1/1/23 were included. Case reports and series were excluded. Gene variant forms commonly implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis include those encoding for interleukins, interferons, and other mediators involved in inflammatory pathways, such as JAK/STAT, and NF-κB. Several of the treatments for psoriasis (for example IL23 and TYK2 inhibitors) target the products of genes linked to psoriasis. Multiple genes are linked to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This understanding may provide an avenue for the development of new psoriasis treatment strategies and for more effective, safer treatment outcomes.
MATERIAL KOMPOSIT POLIMER TAHAN BALISTIK UNTUK APLIKASI HELM MILITER DALAM MENDUKUNG MATERIAL PERTAHANAN INDONESIA
Authors: Mrp Mahyaruddin , Aritonang Sovian 
Published: August 2023

Penggunaan komposit polimer dalam aplikasi militer sangat luas. Dalam hal ini untuk memberikan wawasan tentang komposit polimer dan aplikasi pada bidang pertahanannya terutama aplikasi balistik. Secara umum, barang-barang militer yang membutuhkan bahan tahan balistik dapat dibagi menjadi tiga kategori rompi militer, helm personil yang harus memiliki material yang ringan dan harga yang terjangkau. Penggunaan material komposit dalam aplikasi militer terbukti lebih unggul dari material logam, terutama dalam meningkatkan mobilitas personel pertahanan. Penggunaan material komposit pada helm militer sangat lah penting berkaitan dengan kecepat peluru yang datang, salah satunya berbahan polimer termoplastik dan termoset. Penggunaan komposit polimer New technology (UHMWPE)dengan berat 1000 g, dan kecepatan peluru 600 m/s merupakan salah satu pilihan material yag pas untuk diaplikasikan pada helm anti peluru pada militer.

Kata Kunci: Komposit, polimer, helm militer, kecepatan peluru.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI BIRO UMUM DAN LAYANAN PENGADAAN, KEMENTERIAN DESA, PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH TERTINGGAL DAN TRANSMIGRASI
Authors: Wijayanti Kiki Nur , Dharmawan Donny 
Published: August 2023

<em>This study aims to determine the effect of work environment and compensation on job satisfaction. The population in this study were employees at the Bureau of General Affairs and Procurement Services. The technique used for sampling using simple random sampling method with a quantitative approach. The data used in this research is primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to employees at the Bureau of General Affairs and Procurement Services as respondents. The results showed that simultaneously the work environment and compensation variables had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. While the partial results show that the work environment variable has No. significant effect on job satisfaction. While the compensation variable has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction</em>
incidencia del liderazgo político en Colombia y Ecuador en su rol de oferentes de cooperación Sur-Sur (2008-2015)
Authors: Cedeño-Alcívar Jenny 
Published: August 2023

Este artículo trata del liderazgo político de Colombia y Ecuador como factor incidente en la configuración de política de oferta de cooperación Sur-Sur, en el período 2008-2015. El análisis se centró en entender las particularidades de los dos países a la luz del liderazgo ejercido en la región. El contraste académico se realizó entre estos dos países de renta media de la región andina, con características homogéneas y a la vez heterogéneas en sus intereses y realidades, para explicar la configuración de la política de oferta de cooperación Sur-Sur. La examinación se basó en acciones, discursos presidenciales, literatura académica y entrevistas a gestores, expertos académicos y especialistas. Se utilizó el estudio de caso único y herramientas del estudio comparado. El liderazgo que asumieron los dos países y el acoplamiento de la oferta de cooperación Sur-Sur a los intereses políticos y técnicos evidencian los matices en la actuación como socios-oferentes. El liderazgo político como bien público ejercido por Colombia y Ecuador y que incidió en la configuración de sus políticas de oferta de cooperación Sur-Sur se enmarcó en un liderazgo político y estratégico-pragmático-ideológico con característica transaccional, transformacional, empoderado y cooperativo. El liderazgo de Colombia fue más político, estratégico-pragmático, mientras que el liderazgo de Ecuador fue más político, estratégico-ideológico.

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Este artículo se basa en la investigación doctoral “Factores que configuraron las políticas de Colombia y Ecuador como socios-oferentes de cooperación Sur-Sur, 2008-2015”, Flacso Ecuador 2022. Se agradece a la Dra. Carla Morasso, directora de esta investigación, por los aportes recibidos en este artículo.