bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between HLA Alleles and Autoantibodies in Dermatomyositis Defined by Sarcoplasmic Expression of Myxovirus Resistance Protein A
Authors: Oyama Munenori , Ohnuki Yuko , Uruha Akinori , Saito Yoshihiko , Nishimori Yukako , Suzuki Shingo , Inoue Michio , Tanboon Jantima , Okiyama Naoko , Shiina Takashi , Nishino Ichizo , Suzuki Shigeaki 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe diagnosis in the studies analyzing HLA of dermatomyositis (DM) was based on a combined clinical category of polymyositis/DM. This retrospective study investigated the associations of HLA with 5 DM-specific autoantibodies in Japanese patients diagnosed by muscle pathology.MethodsWe diagnosed Japanese patients with DM based on sarcoplasmic expression of myxovirus resistance protein A. These patients underwent investigation for 5 DM-specific autoantibodies and HLA genotyping.ResultsOf 175 patients (83 males and 92 females; range 1-86 yrs; mean 46 yrs), 173 (98.9%) had 1 of the 5 autoantibodies. Seven alleles—A*02:07, B*46:01, DRB1*04:07, DRB1*07:01, DRB1*08:03, DQB1*06:01, andDPB1*02:02—were more frequently detected in the patients with DM than healthy controls, but these associations were not significant after multiple testing correction. Stratifying by DM-specific autoantibodies, we found the associations of 6 already known and 7 new alleles—B*48:01, B*52:01, C*12:02, DRB1*04:05, DRB1*15:02, DPB1*05:01, andDPB1*09:01—with subsets of DM. Moreover, significant associations of 5 alleles with antinucleosome remodeling deacetylase complex (Mi-2) remained after multiple testing correction. In particular, theDRB1*04:07(odds ratio [OR 28.9]; correctedP= 2.7 × 10−6) andDQB1*06:01(OR 4.0; correctedP= 1.6 × 10−4) alleles were significantly more prevalent in patients with anti-Mi-2 antibody than in controls.ConclusionThis study demonstrates DM-specific autoantibodies defined immunogenetic subsets of DM.
« Le recensement est l’infrastructure informationnelle du pays » : le recensement de 2020 et les controverses techno-politiques de sa mise en œuvre
Authors: Kopper Moisés 
Published: June 2023

Cet article explore les controverses
techno-politiques liées à la mise en œuvre du recensement de 2020 au
Brésil. Des entretiens et des recherches documentaires ont permis de
cartographier les débats techno-moraux et les transformations
sociotechniques de deux de ses dispositifs : le questionnaire et le
budget. Cet abord a permis de mettre en évidence l’émergence d’une
forme d’activisme portée par la mobilisation des experts. Le texte
conclut en interprétant le recensement comme une infrastructure
informationnelle qui inscrit, imagine et stabilise des idéaux pour le
futur au moyen des chiffres.
Target product profiles for diagnosis of sepsis: Proposing a new approach for diagnostic innovation
Authors: Sharma Monica , Jain Meenu , Veeraraghavan Balaji , Rodrigues Camilla , Bansal Nitin , Nambi P. Senthur , Nangia Sushma , Singhal Tanu , Walia Kamini 
Published: June 2023

Background & objectives:
Sepsis, including neonatal sepsis, remains a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries such as India, representing 85 per cent of all sepsis-related deaths globally. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment is challenging due to non-specific clinical manifestations and non-availability of rapid diagnostic tests. There is an urgent need for affordable diagnostics with fast turnaround time catering to the needs of end-users. Target product profiles (TPPs) have been found instrumental in developing ‘fit-for-use’ diagnostics, thus reducing the time taken to facilitate development and improving diagnosis. Hitherto, no such guidance or criteria has been defined for rapid diagnostics for sepsis/neonatal sepsis. We propose an innovative approach for developing the diagnostics for sepsis screening and diagnosis which can be utilized by diagnostic developers in the country.

Methods:
Three-round Delphi method, including two online surveys and one virtual consultation, was adopted to define criteria for minimum and optimum attributes of TPPs and build consensus on characteristics. Expert panel (n=23) included infectious disease physicians, public health specialists, clinical microbiologists, virologists, researchers/scientists and technology experts/innovators.

Results:
We present a three-component product profile for sepsis diagnosis, (i) screening with high sensitivity, (ii) detection of aetiological agent, and (iii) profiling of antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance, in adults and neonates with an option of testing different considerations. An agreement of >75 per cent was achieved for all TPP characteristics by Delphi. These TPPs are tailored to the Indian healthcare settings and can also be extrapolated to other resource-constraint and high-disease burden settings.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Diagnostics developed using these TPPs will facilitate utilization of invested resources leading to development of the products that have potential to ease the economic burden on patient and save lives.
Enhancing Resident Education by Embedding Improvement Specialists Into a Quality and Safety Curriculum
Authors: Levy Kathryn L. , Grzyb Katie , Heidemann Lauren A. , Paliani Debra Burke , Grondin Christopher , Solomon Gabriel , Spranger Elizabeth , Ellies Tammy , Ratz David , Houchens Nathan 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Quality improvement and patient safety (QIPS) curricula are critical in graduate medical education, yet barriers limit the educational experience and project outcomes.

Objective
To explore the impact of QIPS curricular enhancements and integration of continuous improvement specialists (CIS) by examining the A3 document, the primary project product and surrogate for project quality.

Methods
Since 2009, University of Michigan internal medicine and medicine-pediatric residents participate in a QIPS curriculum, which includes a 4-week group project. In 2016, residency leaders collaborated with CIS staff, non-clinical experts in QIPS with backgrounds in engineering and business, to improve the curriculum. Informed by a needs assessment, the intervention was implemented in 2017 and consisted of a set of enhancements including integration of CIS staff into groups as co-facilitators. In this retrospective cohort study, a blinded reviewer evaluated all available A3 documents before and after the intervention using a quantitative analysis tool.

Results
All residents participated in the curriculum during the pre-intervention (July 2009 to June 2016, n=351) and post-intervention (July 2017 to June 2020, n=148) periods. A total of 23 of 84 (27%) pre-intervention and 31 of 34 (91%) post-intervention A3 documents were available for review. Scores improved significantly for 17 of 23 (74%) A3 items and for 7 of 8 (88%) sections. Mean A3 total scores increased from 29.0 to 47.0 (95% CI 12.6-23.4; P&lt;.001) out of a possible 69.0.

Conclusions
Embedding CIS experts into residency QIPS curricula is associated with improved A3 document quality.
Impact of Virtual and Augmented Reality on Quality of Medical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sadek Omar , Baldwin Fiona , Gray Rebecca , Khayyat Nadine , Fotis Theofanis 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent mandatory social distancing led to widespread disruption of medical education. This contributed to the accelerated introduction of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technology in medical education.

Objective
The objective of this quantitative narrative synthesis review is to summarize the recent quantitative evidence on the impact of VR and AR on medical education.

Methods
A literature search for articles published between March 11, 2020 and January 31, 2022 was conducted using the following electronic databases: Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, EMCARE, BNI, and HMIC. Data on trainee confidence, skill transfer, information retention, and overall experience were extracted.

Results
The literature search generated 448 results, of which 13 met the eligibility criteria. The studies reported positive outcomes in trainee confidence and self-reported knowledge enhancement. Additionally, studies identified significant improvement in the time required to complete surgical procedures in those trained on VR (mean procedure time 97.62±35.59) compared to traditional methods (mean procedure time 121.34±12.17). However, participants also reported technical and physical challenges with the equipment (26%, 23 of 87).

Conclusions
Based on the studies reviewed, immersive technologies offer the greatest benefit in surgical skills teaching and as a replacement for lecture- and online-based learning. The review identified gaps that could be areas for future research.
Quality of Co-trimoxazole Tablets Marketed in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Koech Lilian C. , Keter Lucia K. , Ondicho Joyce M. , Irungu Beatrice N. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Poor-quality medicines reduce the therapeutic efficacy of medicines, negatively impacting the treatment outcomes, prevention, and management of fatal infections. This cross-sectional study evaluated the quality of selected co-trimoxazole tablets marketed in Nairobi County, Kenya.
Methodology: A total of 42 samples categorized into ten brands were evaluated for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content and uniformity of weight following United State Pharmacopeia (USP). Additionally, a visual inspection of the packaging and labelling was performed to confirm whether they adhered to World Health Organization's Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines.
Results: The majority of the samples were of local origin (70%). By 23rd October 2019, the retention status of one of the ten brands documented was not documented in the Pharmacy and Poisons Board retention register. Of the 42 samples analyzed, 97.6% and 69.01% complied with United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications for uniformity of weight and API, respectively, while all samples adhered to packaging and labelling requirements.
Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that most co-trimoxazole tablets tested complied with USP requirements. Additionally, it has provided evidence of the presence of poorquality co-trimoxazole medicines that could compromise the treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, regular surveillance and stringent penalties that ensure quality medicines are essential.
Risky Sexual Behavior and Associated Factors among Youth in Kakamega and Kericho Counties, Kenya
Authors: Khasewa Joab , Mwanzo Isaac , Orago Alloys 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: HIV remains the most significant public health and developmental challenge in the world. In Kenya, just like the rest of sub-Saharan Africa, young people aged 15-24 years bear the biggest brunt of the HIV epidemic. Lack of comprehensive knowledge of HIV prevention, low condom use, low uptake of HIV services and having multiple sexual partners, have been associated with these trends. This study set out to determine risky sexual behaviour and associated factors among youth in Kakamega and Kericho Counties in Kenya.
Methodology: To achieve this, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among youth in Kakamega and Kericho counties, Kenya. Consenting young people residing in these counties were the study subjects. Data was collected through structured interviews with young people using a standard questionnaire and direct observation. The qualitative data were transcribed, translated and entered into NVivo software for coding and further analysis. The quantitative data were entered into SPSS for descriptive and inferential analysis.
Results: Despite the youths in both counties having high comprehensive knowledge of HIV prevention at 79.3%, they still engaged in risky sexual behaviours and 60.6% were in a sexual relationship. The uptake of HIV testing was 58.4% with an HIV prevalence of 6.9%. Condom use was only 48.1% and both males and females did not reveal irritation in the genital area to partners χ2 - test showing (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study will inform the design of an HIV prevention information package that will promote safer sexual behaviour among young people.
Factors affecting compliance to preoperative patient care guidelines among nurses working in surgical wards of a tertiary referral hospital in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Makau Prisca Mbula , Mbithi Bernard Wambua , Odero James 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND
Worldwide, over 234 million surgical patients are operated on yearly with 3%-16% of them developing complications and other preventable surgical mistakes. To mitigate these negative surgical outcomes, pre-operative patient care guidelines (PPCG) have been developed. However, poor compliance with the guideline may lead to surgical errors. In Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) 20% of surgical errors and 10% of cancelled surgeries are due to poor compliance with PPCG. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the level of compliance with PPCG and its associated factors among perioperative nurses at KNH.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was an analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted at the KNH surgical wards. The census method was utilized to collect data among 103 nurses and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Bivariate analysis with Fischer’s exact test was used for the correlation between the independent and dependent variables, with a p-value of <0.05 being considered to be statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS
Most [59(57.3%)] of the participants had low compliance to PPCG, with nurses’ experience (p=<0.001), gender (p=0.02), level of education (p=<0.001), having post-basic nursing training (p=0.02), not having training in PPCG (p=<0.001) and knowledge on PPCG (p=<0.001) being significantly associated with compliance to PPCG.
CONCLUSION
Most of the nurses have low compliance levels to PPCG, with nursing experience, nurses of the male gender, not having post-basic nursing training and not having training in PPCG use being the main contributing factors.
LA EDUCACIÓN EN LA ERA TECNOLÓGICA: Práctica de enseñanza mediadas por las tecnologías digitales en la educación del siglo XXI
Authors: Susana Copertari  , Cynthia de Souza Lima  
Published: June 2023

Las diversas innovaciones tecnológicas surgidas en los últimos tiempos vienen provocados cambios significativos en la sociedad. Estas innovaciones invitan a los educadores y profesionales de diferentes segmentos de la educación a vencer grandes desafíos que se presentan ante la necesidad de continuar promoviendo el desarrollo de nuevos conocimientos frente a los estudiantes que viven en una realidad impregnada de diferentes herramientas tecnológicas. Éstas les posibilitan acercar una gran cantidad de conocimientos por medio de ordenador o aparato celular conectado a la web. En medio de tantas novedades tecnológicas, transformaciones sociales y culturales presentes en la sociedad, se entiende que también se cambien los modos de enseñar, aprender y mediar en los procesos de construcción del conocimiento. Así, se hace necesario que los profesores busquen actualizar sus prácticas pedagógicas mirando los intereses de sus estudiantes como protagonistas del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Cabe a los profesores proporcionar a sus estudiantes diferentes conocimientos específicos y experiencias de aprendizajes por medios de herramientas y dispositivos tecnológicas que puedan auxiliar el proceso de desarrollo de sus aprendizajes, de una manera más autónoma y motivadora. En este trabajo, a través de la investigación bibliográfica, tratamos de comprender el impacto de las innovaciones tecnológicas en el área de la educación, mirando su utilización en el aula, como un instrumento mediador para desarrollar una enseñanza poderosa (MAGGIO, 2018), llevando en consideración las cuestiones relacionadas al cambio tecnológico y la cultura digital (DE ALBA, 1987) en nuestras sociedades complejas, para así, comprender las práctica de enseñanza mediadas por las tecnologías digitales en la educación del siglo XXI y su relevancia para una educación transformadora.
INFLUÊNCIA DA LITERATURA INFANTIL NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS CRIANÇAS EM FASE DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO NOS ANOS INICIAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Franceli Costa Cavalcante  , Carlos Leonardo Lesniowski  , Francisco Carlos da Silva Caetano  
Published: June 2023

Com objetivo de compreender como a literatura infantil influencia no processo de desenvolvimento humano e da aprendizagem das crianças, observou-se que os seres humanos estão em constante transformação, que vai desde o seu período de formação uterina até o último suspiro de vida e, neste processo de formação é influenciado por diferentes maneiras pelo meio, para que, aos poucos possa ir se construindo, se transformando e modificando sua realidade de mundo ao seu redor. A literatura infantil é um dos elementos que compõe o meio social e que pode favorecer o desenvolvimento humano despertando vários gatilhos de habilidades capazes de serem desenvolvidas ao longo de sua vida. Neste trabalho buscamos compreender, por meio de um breve estudo bibliográfico como a literatura infantil influencia o desenvolvimento das crianças em fase de alfabetização nos anos iniciais da Educação Básica. Buscamos no estudo bibliográfico analisar as literaturas que apontam a importância da Literatura Infantil no desenvolvimento humano e sua contribuição no processo de aprendizagem.
DÖVİZ PİYASASINA MÜDAHALELERİ ETKİNLİĞİ: T.C. MERKEZ BANKASI
Authors: CANİKLİ Nurettin 
Published: June 2023

Ülkeler arasındaki sermaye hareketlerinin serbestleşmesine paralel olarak esnek kur sistemlerine geçişle birlikte döviz kurlarındaki oynaklıktaki artış ve döviz kurunun seviyesindeki değişiminin hız kazanması, gelişen piyasa ekonomilerinde, fiyat istikrarı başta olmak üzere makro ekonomik yapısalların dengelenme mekanizmalarını olumsuz yönde etkilemeye başlamıştır. Merkez bankaları, döviz kurundaki değişimden kaynaklanan fiyatlar genel seviyesindeki artışları engellemek veya yavaşlatmak için yoğun bir şekilde döviz piyasasına müdahalede bulunarak, döviz kurundaki oynaklığı azaltmaya ve döviz kurunun seviyesini değiştirmeye çalışmaktadırlar. TC Merkez Bankası da rezerv biriktirmek için alım yönlü, döviz kuru oynaklığını ve döviz kurundaki artış trendini durdurmak için satım yönlü müdahalelerde bulunmaktadır. Merkez Bankası’nın döviz piyasasına müdahalelerinin etkinliği literatürde çokça tartışılmaktadır.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, 29.03.2001-17.12.2021 döneminde Merkez Bankası tarafından döviz piyasasına yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilen müdahalelerin etkinliğini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: TCMB'nin döviz kuru oynaklığını azaltmaya yönelik müdahalelerinin etkinliği ARCH (Otoregresif Koşullu Varyans Varyansı) modelleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular en uygun modelin E-GARCH modeli olduğunu göstermiştir.
Bulgular: Alım yönlü müdahalelerdeki sınırlı ve küçük oranlı başarı hariç, satım yönlü müdahalelerin döviz kurunun seviyesinin değiştirilmesinde etkin olmadığı ve döviz kuru müdahaleleri ile fiyatlar genel seviyesindeki artışın kontrol altına alınamadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Özgünlük: Çalışmanın literatüre hem kapsadığı dönem hem de etkinliğin ölçümüne bir yaklaşım sunması bakımından katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Pertanggunjawaban Pidana Penyedia Jasa Kontruksi terhadap Kecelakaan Kerja yang Menyebabkan Matinya Pekerja
Authors: Kusumawati Evi Vardiyana , Rodliyah Rodliyah , Ufran Ufran 
Published: June 2023

Program kesehatan kerja tidak terlepas dari program keselamatan kerja, karena dua program tersebut tercakup dalam pemeliharaan terhadap karyawan. Keselamatan kerja merupakan keselamatan yang berkaitan dengan mesin, alat kerja, bahan, proses pengelolaan, Landasan tempat kerja dan lingkungannya serta cara-cara melakukan pekerjaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pertanggungjawaban pidana penyedia jasa kontruksi terhadap kecelakaan kerja yang menimpa pekerja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam hal terjadinya kecelakaan kerja, pertangungjawaban pidananya menggunakan doktrin pertangungjawaban pidana vicarious liability yang menentukan bahwa setiap orang bertangungjawab atas perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh orang lan yang melakukan pekerjaan atau perbuatan untuknya atau dalam batas perintahnya, contohnya dalam bidang kontruksi yaitu pimpinan atau mandor yang bertangungjawab dalam pengawasan K3.
Dijital İletişim Çağında Mekânsal Bilginin Üretimi: Dijital Haritalar, Topluluklar ve Katılımcı Kültür
Authors: TOPRAK Ayşe Gül 
Published: June 2023

ÖZ
Bu çalışmada dijital yöntemlerle birlikte bir medya aracı olarak haritaların ve haritacılığın değişen doğasını anlamak ve kullanıcıların katılımını teşvik eden platformların faaliyetlerini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Kullanıcıların önemli bir bileşenini oluşturduğu dijital haritalama faaliyetlerinin nasıl bir katılımcılık ortaya koyduğu sorunsallaştırılmıştır. Bu eksende ticari Google Haritalar ve kitle-kaynaklı OpenStreetMap platformları karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Kitle-kaynaklı harita ara yüzlerini kullanan, topluluğun katılımını ve kamu yararını gözeten Mapping For Change ile Türkiye’den Yer Çizenler Herkes İçin Haritacılık Derneği çalışmanın problemi ekseninde betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Kullanıcılar, ticari ağlarla dolayımlanan Google Haritalar’da ücretsiz emekle çalışan birer içerik üreticisi ve gözetim süreçlerinin bir parçası olarak da ‘potansiyel müşteri’ olarak konumlanmaktadır. Kitle kaynaklı platformlarda ise gönüllü kullanıcılar, ücretsiz olarak çalışmakla birlikte daha çok kamu yararına haritalama faaliyeti içinde yer almaktadırlar. Ancak bu katılımcılık faaliyeti henüz belirli bir toplumsal grupla sınırlıdır. Kamusal alana katılımın güçlü potansiyellerini barındıran topluluk haritalarının, toplum genelinde daha kapsamlı erişim ve kullanım yollarının geliştirilmesi gerektiği görülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Dijital Haritalar, Katılımcı Kültür, Yurttaş Bilimi, Google Haritalar, Open Street Map.
Naar een architectuur van vereenvoudiging?
Authors: Packet Tom , Verdickt Caterina , Schrijver Lara 
Published: June 2023

The Belgian architect Victor Horta (1861-1947) spent most of the First World War in the United States. Over the course of three years, from December 1915 to January 1919, he explored how the American skyscrapers, standardized dwellings and ingenious urban planning might serve as a model for a modern, post-war Belgium.
Yet Horta’s memoirs had very little to say about his discussion of American architecture or any influence his travels might have had on his post-war work. This article consequently breaks new ground in examining the various talks on the subject that Horta gave in the 1920s. Horta’s lectures actually provide a good picture of how he started to see American architecture as a model for the future. In American architectural practice, serial production, standardization and economies of scale facilitated a simplification of the design – a solution Horta also proposed for war-torn Belgium.
By way of illustration, the article describes the affinity between Horta’s more classical formal language of the 1920s, as in his 1925 pavilion for the Exposition international des Arts décoratifs et industriels modernes, and the architecture of the United States. It also shows that Horta was an important proponent of American architecture in Belgium, and also played a pioneering role in the introduction of some of its defining features, such as high-rise construction.