bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method development for determining the energy-efficient mode of air-cooling devices’ operation
Authors: Kh Khoshimov U , Khushiev S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
When ensuring the normative limit of the heat of the gas transmitted to the main gas pipelines by means of air cooling devices of the gas transmission compressor station, the modes of parallel operation of the fan motors of the air cooling device system are considered. At the same time, a comparison was made of methods for adapting air cooling devices to factors affecting energy-efficient operating modes. As a result, based on a mathematical model of the combustion operating mode through a gas-air cooling device, the possibility of regulating the engine speed and increasing the energy efficiency of the system, taking into account seasonal and temperature changes, is shown. The main parameters for saving energy sources are introduced into the technological processes of gas compression and cooling.
Experience of using solar energy in water lifting systems: A case study of Uzbekistan
Authors: Mirzabaev A , Isakov A , Mirzaev A , Buranov O , Sulaymanov J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article discusses modern schemes of using solar energy in the systems of the Ministry of Water Management. The analysis of electricity generation by photovoltaic water-lifting stations by months has been carried out and the effectiveness of their use as a reliable source of power supply to pumps has been proved. The payback period of solar water lifting systems is calculated. Calculations show that the payback period for solar water-lifting systems, considering only the cost of saved natural gas and carbon dioxide emissions is no more than 6 years. It should be noted that the life of the PVP is more than 20 years. Tax breaks on property and land use, provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, further shorten the payback period.
Electrophysical processes in an electroterminator (with an intelligent system) with sliding contacts in the power circuit
Authors: Denmukhammadiev A , Mukhammadiev A , Kucharov F , Pardaev A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article presents data on the properties of sliding contacts during the rotation of the axis of a device for pre-sowing treatment of crop seeds, considers the issues of automation of intermittent power supply and measurement of electrical conductivity and temperature parameters of seed material in the process of electrotechnology. At the same time, the contact resistance of the power circuit, normalized moistening of sowing seeds, depending on the type of plants, was taken as the basis of the physical model. Smart system takes into account soil parameters (type, density, moisture content). In the initial period of seed treatment, moisture penetrates into the seed from the outside. therefore, the time of humidification and electrical treatment are the main factors. Depending on the seed variety, it will be possible to change the operating parameters of the electrical treatment of crop seeds. The work also carried out a review of the literature and mathematical calculations.
Effect of temperature on the kinetics of the process of nitric acid decomposition of Arvaten serpentinite
Authors: Ahmadjonov A , Alimov U , Tuychi P , Seitnazarov A , Reimov A , Namazov Sh , Sadullayev S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The process of decomposition of serpentinite from the Arvaten deposit (Uzbekistan) with 30% nitric acid at its stoichiometric norm of 100% and temperatures of 313, 323, 333, 343 and 353 K for 120 min was studied in this work. It has been established that with increasing temperature, the decomposition coefficient (Cdec.) of MgO, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 increases from 11.48 to 82.5%; from 13.96 to 41.49% and from 38.87 to 96.61%, respectively. Meaning Cdec. iron oxide in the form of magnetite is relatively low than other components. Cdec. made it possible to reveal the rate constant of decomposition of serpentinite in nitric acid at the above temperatures. The rate of decomposition of the raw material is apparently limited by the diffusion of the layer of amorphous silica particles on the surface of the raw material. Depending on the temperature (313-353 K), the value of the apparent activation energy (Ea) of the Arvaten serpentinite lies from 21.79 to 7.53 kcal/mole or from 91.21 to 31.53 kJ/mole, and the average value (Eaver.) is 14.226 kcal/mole and 59.68 kJ/mole, respectively. It turned out that the data are similar to other serpentinite deposits. That is, Arvaten serpentinite is reactive towards nitric acid.
Experimental investigation of solar powered refrigerator in Uzbekistan climate
Authors: Abdullaev N A , Axaopoulos P J , Sakellariou E I , Sh Shaislamov A , Juraev R R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The energetic performance of autonomous solar powered refrigerator is analyzed. In this refrigerator, the solar energy is converted into electrical energy by a photovoltaic (PV) array, then the generated electrical energy is used to power a vapor – compression system which produces cooling energy at its evaporator. The evaporator is sunk to the water so that produced cooling energy is used to formation water ice, thus accumulates cooling energy in the form of ice. While, compressor is working during the daylight hours, cooling energy is produced. During the night, the cooling energy comes from latent heat of fusion of ice which is collected in day time. The results of experiments showed that not only the solar energy has influence on the energetic performance of solar refrigerator but ambient temperature is also crucial factor in this case.
Analysis of ionic equilibria by water treatment stage and calculation of monitored parameters
Authors: Kh Mukhtarov F 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The mathematical model of the unit of the water treatment scheme is based on the mathematical model of improvements in the consistency metrics by step of treatment and is the basis for the technical measurement of this element. The suggested step-by-stage estimation of the water quality indicators for the assembled water treatment unit system helps the final quality of the treated water to be calculated and the mathematical model of the quality indicators adjustment by treatment phase was developed in relation to the water used in the TPP water treatment. For circuit elements, the change in the input and output quality indicators occurs depending on the type of processing, which is conveniently represented by equivalent circuits. For circuit elements, input and output quality variation occurs depending on the type of processing, which is conveniently represented by equivalent circuits. Thus, an equivalent scheme for the change in quality indicators by treatment stage can be represented by the example of a one-stage chemical desalination scheme for natural water. It should be noted that the calculated concentration fractions of carbon dioxide dissociation forms and known carbonate hardness, for example, can be used to determine the concentrations themselves.
Analysis of existing problems of ensuring traffic safety in major cities of Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdunazarov J , Shukurov I , Nishonov A , Shaumarov S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article is devoted to the analysis of road traffic accidents and road safety in large cities of the Republic of Uzbekistan such as Bukhara, Fergana and Samarkand. And also, statistical data of road traffic accidents are processed throughout the republic. Such factors as transport risk, social risk and severity of the consequences of a road traffic accident have been identified. In conclusion, the author’s opinion on the factors affecting road safety in the republic is presented.
Effect of irrigation procedures on yield and oil concentration of peanut
Authors: Khudaykulov J , Umarova Z , Buriev I , Irnazarov Sh , Rasulov I , Jong Y 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Peanut grasses are less demanding to moisture from formation to flowering and therefore one watering is sufficient during this period. Soil moisture LFMC from flowering to ripening should not be less than 70% and the rate of irrigation should be 700-1000 m3/ha. The seasonal irrigation norm is 4000-5000 m3/ha. The number of irrigations during the growing season is 4-5. During the growing season of peanuts, the crop is kept free from weeds, weeding, loosening of row spacing and formation of soil around the bush when gynophores are formed. The purpose of the study was to select fast-ripening, high-yielding foreign peanut varieties and samples suitable for the conditions of typical gray soils of Tashkent province in Uzbekistan, optimal planting times of local varieties, feeding standards with mineral fertilizers, irrigation regime and biostimulator application technology and scientifically substantiate its impact on the level of fatness. The increase in the number and rate of irrigation of peanuts has a positive effect on the acceleration of its physiological processes and the prolongation of the growing season. When the irrigation of the “Salomat” variety was carried out in the order of 70-75-65% compared to the LFMC, the ripening period was extended by 7-10 days and amounted to 165-167 days. Irrigation of “Salomat” variety was carried out in the order of 70-75-65% compared to LFMC, with the application of mineral fertilizers in the amount of N200P150K100 kg/ha, the yield of legumes was 29.6 q/ha, in “Mumtoz” variety - 34.0 q/ha.
Study of microelement containing nitrogen fertilizers based on spent lithium-ion battery
Authors: Fazilova M , Hasanov Sh , Alimov U , Raxmanova M , Sadullaev S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ammonium nitrate is a hygroscopic and caking product for growing agricultural products. In order to improve the properties of ammonium nitrate, the composition of the calcined and crushed cathode material from the used lithium ion battery was studied. Since the cathode material mainly consists of lithium, cobalt, manganese and nickel, it has been adopted as a polymicroelement-containing additive to improve the composition and properties of ammonium nitrate. Studies have shown that the introduction of cathode powder into the ammonium nitrate melt in the amount of 0.5-3.0 g in relation to 100 g of ammonium nitrate led to an increase in trace elements such as lithium, cobalt, manganese and nickel from 0.0094 to 0.0527; from 0.0561 to 0.2395; 0.0387 to 0.2860 and from 0.0112 to 0.0387%, respectively. The microelement containing nitrogen fertilizers obtained in this way have a significant digestibility of 2% citric acid, 0.2M Trilon B and an aqueous form. The static strength of the granules of the obtained trace-containing nitrogen fertilizers ranges from 4.62 to 6.13 MPa, which is 3.40-4.51 and 2.85-3.78 times greater than pure and industrial ammonium nitrate. High values of fertilizer strength contributed to an increase in the dissolution rate of granules of new types of nitrogen fertilizers from 71 to 87 sec. This suggests that the obtained microelement containing nitrogen fertilizers, according to the established values of the dissolution rate, will be leached out of the soil 1.6–2.0 and 1.5–1.9 times slower, respectively, than pure and industrial ammonium nitrate.
Dynamics of the number of microorganisms distributed in irrigated typical soil and grass soils by seasons
Authors: Burkhanova D , Urmanova M , Shadieva N , Usmanova M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Biological preparations developed on the basis of biological methods have been considered the mainstay in the protection and fight against various diseases occurring in plants. It has been proven that the main resource in strengthening the biological condition and fertility of the soil is closely related to the life of saprophytic microorganisms. In this place, microorganisms and microbiological processes in the soil have performed an important task. In particular, it has the characteristic of enriching the soil with biological nitrogen due to the normalization of organic matter in the soil, assimilation of free nitrogen in the air by nitrogen-receiving microorganisms. In the article, it was observed that the amount of microorganisms in the composition of typical irrigated gray and meadow soils changes according to the seasons. It was explained that the highest amount of microorganisms was determined in the spring season, it decreased in the summer season, in autumn, the soil temperature and air temperature increased the amount of microorganisms, and in this season, if the activity of microorganisms is observed in the 0-30 cm layer of the soil, it was observed that it decreases towards the lower layers.
Effect of irrigation regimes on the fertility of soybean and sunflower cultivars planted in repeated periods
Authors: Eshonkulov J , Kamilov B 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The increase in the world’s population means that the demand for food, including vegetable oil and protein products, is increasing day by day. Biometric measurements of the plant, laboratory analysis of soil and plant samples were done using phenological observations “Methods of conducting field experiments”, the amount of protein in soy grains was analyzed based on “Methods for determining the amount of protein in grain and its content”. The results showed that the amount of oil was 58.6% during irrigation according to the pre-irrigation soil moisture content of 65–65–60% relative to the limited field moisture capacity of the 0-50 cm soil layer during irrigation. Furthermore, it was found that when the soil moisture before irrigation was 75-75-65% according to LFMC in the calculation layer of the soil in the 0-50 cm layer in the 1-2-1 system, 1682 m3/ha water was used in soybeans, and it was 2331 m3/ha of sunflower plants.
Obtaining paper products from cellulose-containing plants and researching its field of application
Authors: Egamberdiev E , Akmalova G , Rahmonberdiev G 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the world a number of researches are intensively being conducted on the preparation of new paper compositions based on natural polymers, expanding the application scope of products with unique and rare properties using not only plant fibers but also non-traditional fibers, the development of traditional papers for priority areas in this field and manufacturing paper products from mineral fibers with the help of existing devices. Systematic, regular studies of the use of inorganic binders in the preparation of sheet (sheet) materials based on mineral fibers have not yet been carried out by the method of paper technology. Paper products were obtained from cellulose-containing plants. Several quality indicators of paper products were studied. These are: Tearing length, tearing resistance, bending resistance, number of bendings in both directions.
Effect of Leachate on Soil in Jos Metropolis, Plateau State Nigeria
Authors: Wuave Terwase 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Effect leachate on soil quality in Jos is expected because the disposal sites continues to be the major route of infiltration as it affects quality of the area. Six selected disposal sites soil and normal soil were collected local auger at depth range of 1.5 and 3.0 m with distances of 1.0, 1.5,3.0m. The study aim identifies the effect, using PAST statistical software and excel to analyze the results. Particle size of sand has higher percentage with increase porosity from surface to subsurface (surface range 39.54-73.22, subsurface 40.72-73.50). Moisture contents increase from surface to subsurface. Specific gravity decreases from surface to subsurface (surface range 2.58-2.65, subsurface 2.15-2.44). Shear strength result shows increase to subsurface (surface range 15.65-17.43, subsurface 16.34-18.30). Compressibility test result shows slight increase from surface to subsurface. Permeability result show increase from surface to subsurface. Physical characteristics of pH indicate values that are alkaline in nature (surface range 7.2-9.4 subsurface 6.2-8.5). TDS decrease from surface to subsurface (range 143-640, 187-584).EC increase slightly from surface to subsurface (surface range 164-919, subsurface 184-915). Anions result shows chloride have higher concentration at surface (surface range 100-380, subsurface 96-360) while sulphate also have higher concentration on surface than subsurface (surface range 192-270, subsurface 178-225). Cation results shows sodium ion concentration on the surface increase to subsurface (surface range 250-2600, subsurface 265-2705). Potassium concentration also increase on the surface to the subsurface (surface range 172-243, subsurface 186-253) while magnesium ion also increases from surface to subsurface (surface range 3.0-4.4, subsurface 3.7-4.8) and calcium ion shows normal range from surface to subsurface (surface range 10000-12000, subsurface 10000-130000). The heavy metals concentration in the dumpsites soil shows higher values (Ba, Ce, La, Rb, Cr, Th and Fe) in both surface and subsurface above normal soil.
Study on the foliar nutrition of winter wheat
Authors: Abduazimov A M , Vafoyeva M B , Kuvvatov D A , Khazratkulova Sh U , Mirzaev N F 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Stimulants that affect the growth and development of plants, as well as productivity, consist of natural and synthetic compounds. Regularities of the influence of growth regulators on the growth and development of plants are determined. Research and search for environmentally friendly, highly physiologically active growth regulators continues. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with growth-regulating biostimulants has a positive effect on productivity by accelerating the growth and development of the plant.
Viability and reproducibility of acclimatized shrubby plants in the conditions of Akmola region
Authors: Sarsekova D , Mukhtubayeva S , Shaldybayeva A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article considers the issues of increasing the stability and durability of spaces, as well as optimizing and expanding the range of industrial plantings by improving the esthetic properties of industrial plantations and the introduction of shrubs into the culture to enrich the visual environment. In introduced plants, in the process of restructuring the cycle of seasonal development, the start and end times of phenological phases change, and their duration decreases. At the same time, the flowering period is characterized by its elongation and duration no less than the most favorable climatic conditions. In general, the growing season of introduced plants in the Akmola region is much shorter than in their homeland and other geographical areas.
Impact of temperature variations in worm containers and nutrition amount on silk glands and silk productivity
Authors: Bekkamov Ch , Samatova S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
During the feeding of mulberry silkworms, when the temperature in the larvae fluctuates sharply and the amount of nutrients fed is below or above the norm, the metabolism and physiological processes in the body are disrupted. As a result, the silk cocoon water balance, respiration, digestion and absorption of nutrients are impaired, the activity of the silk glands is impaired, creating conditions for disease-causing microorganisms. In this case, the growth of silkworms by 4 times less when the worms are fed with 50% of the norm, reducing the amount of silk in the cocoon, as the larvae survive without healthy development and the productivity of the cocoons grown. This results in a 20.0% reduction in its average weight and a 23.3% decrease in the weight of the shell. At the same time, on farms where mulberry leaves are in short supply, the cocoon yield per box of worms is 15-30 kilograms, and the quality is 14% lower. This is due to the fact that the growth of mulberry silkworms as a result of the inability of the silk gland to accumulate enough silk fluid due to underdevelopment and the satiety of the mulberry leaf significantly affect the activity of the silk gland. Feeding silkworms with high-nutrient varieties of mulberry leaves increased silkworm size by 6.9-10.1%, viability by 2.5%, total cocoons, yield by 4.5%, yield by 8 kg. In particular, a sharp change in the air temperature of the worm relative to the norm (25-26 °C) weakens the activity of the silk gland due to disruption of the growth and development process of worms. Due to the reduction of the amount of silk liquid synthesized, the viability of worms is 6.5%, the weight of the cocoon is 61.5-64.4%, the weight of the silk shell is 73.7-74.5%, the yield is 8-10 kg, and the variety is 6-12%. decrease has been scientifically proven.
Study of phosphogypsum conversion from Kyzylkum phosphorites with soda ash solution
Authors: Temirov G , Alimov U , Seytnazarov A , Tojiev R , Namazov Sh , Honkeldieva M 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnterprises producing phosphate fertilizers encounter a very serious problem associated with phosphogypsum piled up in huge amounts. To date, about 7 billion tons of phosphogypsum have been piled up all over the world with an average release of 180 million tons, and its utilization remains challenge. The process of phosphogypsum conversion of Kyzylkum phosphorite from JSC “Ammophos-Maxam” with soda ash of UE “Kungradsky soda plant” was studied in the work. The study was carried out in a wide range of concentration (10-20%) and stoichiometric norm (100-110%) of Na2CO3at a temperature of 80°C and a time of 30 minutes. It was revealed that an increase in the concentration and stoichiometric norm of Na2CO3 leads to an increase in the degree of conversion of phosphogypsum into CaCO3and Na2SO4up to 97.07%. The following is optimal: the concentration of Na2CO3is 20% and the stoichiometric norm is 105%, at which the degree of conversion is ⁓96%. As a result, the target product Na2SO4was obtained with a purity of 94% and calcium carbonate - 96.25%. This solution allows producers of phosphate fertilizers to recycle phosphogypsum into products with high demand.
Morphological characteristics of carp (Carassius Gibelio) in the conditions of pond fish farming in Uzbekistan
Authors: Khalimova N T , Kanatbaeva T S , Ummatova M E , Yuldashov M A , Kamilov B G 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Silver carp has a huge range that distributed in Eurasia and America. Interest was aroused by the use in fish farming, high taste qualities in particular. In this research, the material was collected in October - December 2021 in the ponds of the fish hatchery of the Research Institute of Fisheries of Uzbekistan. During the experiments, the measured traits were calculated in the form of indices, showing them as a percentage of the standard body length for each individual. The results showed that the minimum and maximum body weight was 13 and 88, respectively. However, the average was 32.8 mm. It was observed that average hard rays in the dorsal fin was 2, but this was 4.5 in the case branched rays in the anal fin. Noteworthy, a comparison of the data shows that the index variability with the “truss-protocol” is significantly lower.