bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОБЛЕМА НАЗВАНИЙ ЧИНГИЗИДСКИХ ГОСУДАРСТВ
Authors: Исин Амантай 
Published: June 2023

Аннотация. В статье автор вновь обращает внимание на проблему названий чингизидских государств.
Материалами для исследования стали сведения средневековых исторических сочинений мусульманских авторов, данные архивных документов, результаты научных исследований.
В ходе работы автор указывает, что в историографии последних лет название «Улуғ Ұлұс» рядом исследователей применяется как оригинальное название Золотой Орды, однако он считает неправомерным употребление данного названия применительно к Золотой Орде до периода правления Токтамыш-хана. Только 1380-е гг. Токтамыш-хан принимает название «Ұлұғ Ұлұс» (Улуг Улус), т.к. к этому времени погибло не только Государство Батуидов, но и государство, которое юридически претендовало на главенство во всех владениях чингизидов – Империя Юань.
После распада Объединенного Джучидского государства Токтамыш-хана и его сыновей, старшинство переходит к Дому Нугмана (искаженное в русских источниках как «Номоган» – «Номоганов юрт»). Позже провозглашаемое старшинство переходит от Дома Нугмана и его наследника «Тахт елі» – «Большой Орды» к Крымскому ханству.
Со стороны соседней на западе Ногайской Орды страна к востоку от рек Яик и Жем получает название «Орус ханның йурты», позже по имени продолжателя дела Урус-хана хана Барака – «Барақ хан йурты». Объединяя эти названия – «Орус хан мен Барақ ханның қазақ йурты» – в передаче московскими дьяками в переводе как «Урус ханов и Барак ханов казацкий юрт». Эти устойчивые названия Казахского ханства фигурировали в 30-80-гг. XVI в. в дипломатической переписке Ногайской Орды и Московского государства. Казахское ханство в документах Москвы обозначалось устойчиво как «Казацкая Орда» на протяжении XVI – начала XVIII в.
Faire advenir la complexité pour refaire corps : 'Silence du chœur' de Mohamed Mbougar Sarr, une poétique du franchissement des frontières symboliques
Authors: Brinker Virginie 
Published: June 2023

Silence du chœur est le deuxième roman de Mohamed Mbougar Sarr. À travers ce roman haletant de plus de 560 pages, décrivant l’arrivée de soixante-douze hommes subsahariens dans un village d’Italie, l’auteur s’emploie à démonter les frontières effectives et déconstruire les frontières symboliques que les hommes érigent entre eux par peur de se perdre ou se remettre en question. Le roman pointe ainsi la nécessité de faire corps social en faisant advenir la complexité des personnages et des situations, tout comme la nécessité de faire « corps avec le lieu » (Sarr, 2022, p. 119) en renouant avec la vérité profonde du mythe. Pour cela, l’auteur déploie toute une poétique au service du franchissement des frontières symboliques, qu’il s’agisse d’outrepasser la frontière des mots eux-mêmes, ou de littéralement déplacer le lecteur, en le conduisant à éprouver la durée (principale ennemie des ragazzi), ou bien la polyphonie (premier pas vers l’examen critique). Les frontières entre l’art et la vie s’en trouvent elles aussi repoussées, comme au théâtre, genre vers lequel tend l’ensemble du récit, peut-être seul à même de garantir la possibilité de « refaire corps » après le chaos.
miR-455-3p ameliorates pancreatic acinar cell injury by targeting Slc2a1
Authors: Zhan Yinchu , Chen Chenlin , Wu Zhiqiang , Zhou Feng , Yu Xinping 
Published: June 2023

Objective
With the number of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) increasing year by year, it is pressing to explore new key genes and markers for the treatment of AP. miR-455-3p/solute carrier family 2 member 1 (Slc2a1) obtained through bioinformatics analysis may participate in the progression of AP.

Materials and Methods
The C57BL/6 mouse model of AP was constructed for subsequent studies. Through bioinformatics analysis, the differentially expressed genes related to AP were screened and hub genes were identified. A caerulein-induced AP animal model was constructed to detect the pathological changes of mouse pancreas by HE staining. The concentrations of amylase and lipase were measured. Primary mouse pancreatic acinar cells were isolated and subjected to microscopy to observe their morphology. The enzymatic activities of trypsin and amylase were detected. The secretion of inflammatory cytokines in mouse were measured with the ELISA kits of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β to determine pancreatic acinar cell damage. A binding site between the Slc2a1 3′ UTR region and the miR-455-3p sequence was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expression of miR-455-3p was quantified by qRT-PCR, and Slc2a1 were detected by western blot.

Results
A total of five (Fyn, Gadd45a, Sdc1, Slc2a1, and Src) were identified by bioinformatics analysis, and miR-455-3p/Slc2a1 were further studied. HE staining results showed that the AP models were successfully established by caerulein induction. In mice with AP, the expression of miR-455-3p was reduced, while that of Slc2a1 was increased. In the caerulein-induced cell model, the expression of Slc2a1 was significantly reduced after intervention of miR-455-3p mimics, whereas increased after miR-455-3p inhibitor treatment. miR-455-3p decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in the cell supernatant, reduced the activity of trypsin and amylase, and alleviated the cell damage induced by caerulein. In addition, Slc2a1 3’UTR region was bound by miR-455-3p, and its protein expression was also regulated.

Conclusion
miR-455-3p alleviated caerulein-induced mouse pancreatic acinar cell damage by regulating the expression of Slc2a1.
Teaching Competence Model of Secondary Teachers in Filipino
Authors: Gapol Avelino T. , Limpot Marilou Y. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To determine the best fit model of teaching competences of Filipino teachers in secondary.
Methodology: The respondents were 400 Filipino teachers from public schools in Region 11, Southern Mindanao, Philippines. The respondents were chosen using stratified random sampling. The data were collected using google forms.
Results and Discussion: The overall results showed that the respondents had a high level of professional identity, competence of teachers, professional competencies and teaching competences. It also showed a significant relationship between three variables: professional identity, competence of teachers and professional competencies in teaching competences of teachers. Among the five models, model 5 best fits the study.
Recommendations: Based on the results of the study, the researcher proposed the recommendation to continue and maintain the valuation of the four variables of professional identity, teachers' competence, professional competence, and teaching competence by using them as a basis for the selection of good teachers who possess teaching ability. Moreover, they both obtained the highest descriptive level.
Efficacy and Safety of High Dose of Lansoprazole Pretreatment in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Mohamed Samah Hussein , Alagizy H. A. , Mostafa Tarek M. , El-Afify Dalia 
Published: June 2023

Background: High dosage of lansoprazole (LPZ) can be used to control acidic microenvironment surrounding the cancerous cells thus improving tumor response.
Aim: The study aimed at investigating the possible antitumor efficacy and safety of high dose of LPZ pretreatment in patients with breast cancer (BC) receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).
Study Design: Single blinded, randomized placebo-controlled study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted between June 2021 and November 2022 at Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt.
Methodology: 66 females with stage II and III BC were randomly assigned into two groups; the LPZ group (n=33) which started LPZ capsules 60 mg orally bid 4 days before starting NAC and the control group (n=33) which received placebo capsules and the same NAC regimen as LPZ group. Evaluation of tumor response was done according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST, v1.1). Permeability-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Ki-67 levels were assessed in the two groups before and after treatment. Adverse events were documented and graded using National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE, v5). Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04874935.
Results: Lansoprazole group showed more favorable response especially within luminal B/HER2 negative subtype. Lansoprazole group showed non-significant decrease in P-gp (P = 0.19) and Ki-67 (P = 0.44) levels as compared to the control group. Dyspepsia was the only significant adverse effect reported with LPZ group (P = 0.011).
Conclusion: However, LPZ didn't reveal a statistically significant anti-tumor effect as compared to placebo; it produced a clinically important improvement in tumor response which was translated by higher number of patients who achieved complete response. Furthermore, the high dose of LPZ used during this study was tolerable and safe.
Histopathological Cellular and Diagnostic Features of Tuberculous Lymphadenitis
Authors: Jain Sonal , Singh Kalpana 
Published: June 2023

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem with 25% of the world’s population infected from the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB). Indian ranks first amongst the eight countries reported to have highest burden of MTB across the globe. TB is categorized into pulmonary and extrapulmonary(EPTB); the most common clinical manifestation of EPTB being tuberculous lymphadenitis(LNTB). LNTB generally occurs due to reactivation of latent infection and cervical lymph nodes are the most common sites.
Objective: The present research work was conducted to explore disease spectrum of LNTB highlighting specific histopathologic features.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-one patients with clinically diagnosed LNTB were included and one lymph node biopsy was obtained from each patient. The formalin-fixed paraffin tissue sections were subjected to standard hematoxylin & eosin staining (H & E stain) to understand different histologic features of LNTB.
Results: LNTB displayed a disease spectrum which can be categorized into four broad categories as: 1. Early granulomas(n=2); 2. Non-caseating granulomas(n=12); 3. Caseating granulomas(n=6); 4. Massive extensive caseation without Langhan’s giant cells(n=1). The well-formed, non-necrotic, epithelioid cell granulomas were prominent feature of LNTB in our study.
Conclusion: The above study supports the existence of a disease spectrum of LNTB with histologic features ranging from early granulomas to massive caseation necrosis. This can aid clinicians for better diagnosis of LNTB so to aid for early detection and an appropriate treatment of the disease.
Injury Patterns and Hospital Admission After Trauma Among People Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Silver Casey M. , Thomas Arielle C. , Reddy Susheel , Sullivan Gwyneth A. , Plevin Rebecca E. , Kanzaria Hemal K. , Stey Anne M. 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceTraumatic injury is a major cause of morbidity for people experiencing homelessness (PEH). However, injury patterns and subsequent hospitalization among PEH have not been studied on a national scale.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether differences in mechanisms of injury exist between PEH and housed trauma patients in North America and whether the lack of housing is associated with increased adjusted odds of hospital admission.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective observational cohort study of participants in the 2017 to 2018 American College of Surgeons’ Trauma Quality Improvement Program. Hospitals across the US and Canada were queried. Participants were patients aged 18 years or older presenting to an emergency department after injury. Data were analyzed from December 2021 to November 2022.ExposuresPEH were identified using the Trauma Quality Improvement Program’s alternate home residence variable.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was hospital admission. Subgroup analysis was used to compared PEH with low-income housed patients (defined by Medicaid enrollment).ResultsA total of 1 738 992 patients (mean [SD] age, 53.6 [21.2] years; 712 120 [41.0%] female; 97 910 [5.9%] Hispanic, 227 638 [13.7%] non-Hispanic Black, and 1 157 950 [69.6%] non-Hispanic White) presented to 790 hospitals with trauma, including 12 266 PEH (0.7%) and 1 726 726 housed patients (99.3%). Compared with housed patients, PEH were younger (mean [SD] age, 45.2 [13.6] years vs 53.7 [21.3] years), more often male (10 343 patients [84.3%] vs 1 016 310 patients [58.9%]), and had higher rates of behavioral comorbidity (2884 patients [23.5%] vs 191 425 patients [11.1%]). PEH sustained different injury patterns, including higher proportions of injuries due to assault (4417 patients [36.0%] vs 165 666 patients [9.6%]), pedestrian-strike (1891 patients [15.4%] vs 55 533 patients [3.2%]), and head injury (8041 patients [65.6%] vs 851 823 patients [49.3%]), compared with housed patients. On multivariable analysis, PEH experienced increased adjusted odds of hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.33; 95% CI, 1.24-1.43) compared with housed patients. The association of lacking housing with hospital admission persisted on subgroup comparison of PEH with low-income housed patients (aOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03-1.19).Conclusions and RelevanceInjured PEH had significantly greater adjusted odds of hospital admission. These findings suggest that tailored programs for PEH are needed to prevent their injury patterns and facilitate safe discharge after injury.
History and Trends in Industrial Toxicology
Authors: Saghir Shakil A. , Ewert Donald H. , Ansari Rais A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The first recognition of occupational diseases along with long working hours, poor ventilation, and use of child labor was in 1835. Recognition of relationship between workplace chemical agents and disease evolved rapidly in Europe, stimulated by 1885 Germany's Bismarck Workingmen's Insurance Law, establishing insurance fund for contribution from both employers and employees for free medical care and compensation for injuries. By the 1930s, three of the largest U.S. chemical companies (Dow, DuPont, Union Carbide) established in‐house laboratories specializing in toxicology to handle exposures and occupational toxicity. Walsh‐Healey Public Contracts Act was passed in 1936 mandating government contractors to meet standards for sanitation and safety. ACGIH and AIHA were founded in 1939. In 1958, Congress amended the FDCA of 1938 requiring proof of safety from lifetime exposures. The
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
began publication in 1923 and joined the
Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine
in 1950. First edition of Patty's Toxicology and Industrial Hygiene was published in 1948. SOT was established in 1961 and launched journal, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Cancer is of great concern in industrial toxicology and historically, some of the most relevant research in carcinogens has come from the industries based on human and experimental studies. Short‐term tests and MOA (
in silico
,
in vitro
, and/or
in vivo
) are now commonly used to determine potential hazards. U.S. EPA is furthering the use of all existing and emerging technologies for risk assessment through NAMs to reduce animal testing. This chapter covers trends in industrial toxicology from observational toxicology to present.
Chemical Toxicity Information Sources
Authors: Holmgren Stephanie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The headlines on bisphenol‐A, glyphosate, triclosan, and many other exposures exemplify how accurate and current toxicology information played a critical role in making sound decisions related to characterizing the hazard and risk from exposure to those substances. Information is necessary to understand the health hazard and contributing underlying mechanisms, determine dose response, assess exposure risk, treat exposed patients, establish exposure limits, set regulations, develop safer alternatives, among many other actions. The above examples illustrate the importance of being able to obtain relevant, up‐to‐date information about the adverse effects of a chemical to protect the health of man and the environment. The challenge is how to locate and evaluate the necessary information given the magnitude of available information and the multiple ways one can access it. Therefore, the intent of this chapter is to direct readers to useful starting points for chemical toxicity and related information. In addition, guidance is provided at the end of the chapter on how to successfully search the web and literature databases to find the relevant information one seeks.
Fiberglass (Glass Wool)
Authors: Houghton Carol , de Reydellet Aymon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter contains information on glass wool only. Chemical and physical properties, production and use, workplace assessment of exposure, assessment of toxic effects, and regulatory classifications are given.
In October 2001, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) re‐classified glass wool and other commercially available insulation wools as Group 3 (not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity in humans), i.e., not suspected of causing cancer in humans.
Current regulatory guidance and the health classifications for biosoluble glass wools used in the United States and Europe show no concerns for human carcinogenicity, and exposure levels are very low.
Metallocenes
Authors: Bade Steffen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Metallocenes are organometallic sandwich complexes that have been used in or investigated for multiple application fields, such as chemical intermediates, antiknock additives to gasoline, lubricants or anti‐cancer agents. The main application of metallocenes, however, is the use as catalysts during plastic production. Due to the widespread applications and increasing plastic production interest increased on potential health effects induced by metallocenes. The chapter describes commonly used metallocenes and summarizes available toxicological data and assessments.
Beryllium
Authors: Rossman Milton D. , Wambach Paul F. , Ziegler‐Skylakakis Kyriakoula , Kolanz Marc 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Beryllium, found in a variety of different forms, has become indispensable in modern high‐technology industries, especially aerospace. It has many attractive properties, including light weight, high strength, and heat resistance. Unfortunately, beryllium is associated with a number of toxic effects. Even under controlled conditions, beryllium metal, oxide, and alloys can cause chronic lung disease among individuals exposed to dust or fume.
Identifying properties of different forms of beryllium are described in Section 1 followed by sections which describe the properties and characteristics of beryllium. These include production and use, toxic effects, standards, and exposure assessment.
Aromatic Nitro and Amino Compounds
Authors: Johnson Mark S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aromatic nitro and amino compounds have various commercial, governmental, and public applications. Their uses include manufacturing of dyes, pesticides, drugs, and explosives. These substances are typically considered high‐nitrogen compounds and as such share many of the same chemical and biological properties. Many have amines and/or nitrate groups on the ring and because of this exhibit properties where they are not highly water or lipid soluble and many tend to form crystals. When released to the environment, nitrate‐containing moieties are often reduced to amines by bacteria in wet soils and sediments. Acute effects typically target the nervous system; however, sublethal effects from repetitive exposures include anemia, methemoglobinemia, and often male reproductive effects. Cyanosis has been described from relatively high repetitive exposures. Oral exposures can affect the liver. Many are absorbed through the skin where dermal exposures can significantly contribute to systemic dose. Skin sensitization and irritation have been observed from exposure to some compounds. Many are eliminated via the urine; however, conjugated metabolites can be eliminated via the feces. Nitroso metabolites are suspected as having influence in observation of cancer, particularly in the bladder. Other similar nitramine compounds are also briefly described.
Genetic Toxicology: Basics and Practical Insights into Its Appropriate Application
Authors: Pottenger Lynn H. , Gollapudi B. Bhaskar , Moore Martha M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Genetic toxicology data play an important role in a variety of regulatory applications. Thus, industrial hygienists and toxicologists need a basic understanding of the principles and testing approaches for the evaluation of genotoxicity. Genetox tests are used for hazard assessment, to support the classification of chemicals as carcinogens or mutagens, and to support the evaluation of modes of action for tumor induction. Genetic toxicology has primarily been used in the evaluation of potential carcinogens, and for predicting potential germ cell and heritable risk. More recent considerations include using genetic damage as a standalone adverse outcome. Many genetox tests are recommended for regulatory use, with OECD test guidelines that describe conduct and data interpretation. Since these recommendations have evolved over the years, data from older studies must be carefully evaluated before accepting study conclusions.
In silico
models now contribute by complementing the biological tests. This chapter includes our insights into strategies for selecting appropriate tests and generating optimal data sets to address specific questions and advice for conducting weight of the evidence evaluations on information from multiple endpoints and tests. Genetic toxicology data provide not only qualitative results, but with careful study design, can also provide information useful to address dose–response issues.
Aureibacillus
Authors: Yu Min , Yan Liu , Zhang Xiao‐Hua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Au.re.i.ba.cil'lus. L. masc. adj.
aureus
, golden; L. masc. n.
bacillus
, rod; N.L. masc. n.
Aureibacillus
, golden rod.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Bacillaceae / Aureibacillus

Aureibacillus
is a genus in the phylum
Firmicutes
, class
Bacilli
, order
Bacillales
, and family
Bacillaceae
. At the time of writing, it has only one species‐
Aureibacillus halotolerans
, which was isolated from marine sediment. Cells with ellipsoidal spores and peritrichous flagellae are Gram‐stain positive, obligately aerobic rods with lengths and widths ranging from 2.0–2.3 μm to 0.5–0.7 μm. Colonies of
Aureibacillus
are light orange, regular, opaque, and smooth. Bacteria in this genus are moderately halophilic that can tolerate a NaCl concentration of 15% (w/v) and grow optimally between a pH of 7.0–8.0 and mesophilic temperatures (about 24–32°C). Starch, Tween 20 and DNA are hydrolyzed. Tween 40 and 80 and gelatin are weakly hydrolyzed; but casein, chitin, and alginate are not hydrolyzed. The major respiratory quinone is MK‐7, and cell‐wall peptidoglycan is based on
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid. Predominant cellular fatty acids are anteiso‐C
15:0
, iso‐C
15:0
and C
16:0
.

DNA G + C content
(
mol%
): 47.7% (HPLC).

Type species
:
Aureibacillus halotolerans
Liu et al. 2015
VP
.
Roseinatronobacter
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Merkel Alexander Y. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Ro.se.i.nat.ro.no.bac'ter L. masc. adj.
roseus
, rose‐colored, rosy; N.L. neut. n.
natron
, soda (arbitrarily derived from the Arabic n.
natrun
or
natron
); N.L. masc. n.
bacter
, rod; N.L. masc. n.
Roseinatronobacter
, pink soda‐loving rod.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhodobacterales / Rhodobacteraceae / Roseinatronobacter

The genus
Roseinatronobacter
is a member of the family
Rhodobacteraceae
, order
Rhodobacterales
within the
Alphaproteobacteria
. It includes obligately aerobic, moderately salt‐tolerant, alkaliphilic, bacteriochlorophyll
a
‐containing photoheterotrophic bacteria. The genus consists of two species: the type species
R. thiooxidans
and
R. monicus
, both isolated from soda lakes.

DNA G + C content (%)
: 59.2–60.3 (whole genome sequences).

Type species
:
Roseinatronobacter thiooxidans
Sorokin et al. 2000a, VL75.