bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Different Anaesthetics on Depth of Anaesthesia and Hematological Parameters of Pigs
Authors: Link Robert , Reichel Peter , Oslancova Jana 
Published: January 2023

Four groups of piglets were included in the experiment. In each of the experiments, we applied azaperone as the first premedication drug in the 2nd group 4 mg/kg body weight and in the other groups 5 mg/kg body weight. In experiment no. 1, we subsequently administered diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.m.) and ketamine (10 mg/kg, i.m.) to the piglets. In experiment no. 2, we applied xylazine (2 mg/kg, i.m.) and ketamine (20 mg/kg, i.m.). In experiment no. 3 we used diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.m.), xylazine (2 mg/kg, i.m.) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg, i.m.). In experiment no. 4, we administered xylazine (2 mg/kg, i.m.) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg, i.m.) to piglets. We applied the mentioned drug combinations intramuscularly in the area of ​​the neck muscles. Subsequently, in each of the experiments, we performed epidural anesthesia using 2% lidocaine, in a dose of 1 ml/40 cm of body length.
After putting the animals under anesthesia, we recorded breathing and pulse frequencies, body temperature and checked reflex responses at time intervals. We performed a zero blood collection before the application of the first drug, the first collection after anesthesia and then a second collection the next day, in order to determine the hematological profile. From the conducted experiments, we assessed the relationship of the used combinations of substances to the course and depth of anesthesia and, according to the hematological profile, we evaluated the effect of these substances on specific hematological parameters.
We recorded the longest duration of anesthesia in the first experiment when one of the piglets had disappeared pedal reflexes even after 90 minutes. On the contrary, the shortest anesthesia was during the third experiment, when all piglets reacted 60 minutes post-lidocaine. During experiments 1 and 3, we noticed a significant drop in body temperature compared to the reference values. In a short time interval after the lidocaine administration, the reflex of the pelvic limbs completely disappeared in all tested subjects in each of the experiments. In experiment no. 3, at time 5 minutes post lidocaine administration, the nasal reflex and the reflex of the forelegs were also negative in all animals. In all tested subjects, 30 minutes after the epidural anesthesia was performed, we observed a negative reflex of the pelvic legs during the second and third trials. During experiment no. 3, we also observed a negative nasal reflex and a reflex of the front legs in the majority of the tested animals in the mentioned time interval.
Effect of Reduced Crude Protein Level on Fecal Nitrogen Excretion and Blood Profile in Finishing Pigs
Authors: Bujňák Lukáš , Naď Pavel , Mihok Tomáš , Hreško Šamudovská Alena , Zigo František 
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of a low-protein diet on the selected variables of protein and energy metabolism in the blood serum as well as on the indicators of fermentation in the faeces (fecal crude protein, ammonia, pH, volatile fatty acids, and dry matter). Twelve finishing pigs (initial body weight: 64.6 ± 3.35 kg) were randomly divided into two groups and fed basal diets with crude protein (CP) levels of 13.6% and 15.4%, respectively. The Lysine, Methionine, Threonine, and Tryptophan levels in the 13.6% CP group were the same as those in the 15.4% CP group after the addition of four crystalline amino acids—Lysine, Methionine, Threonine, and Tryptophan to the diet. The blood and faeces samples were taken from the cranial vena cava and from the rectum at the end of the study period (44 days). The results showed that with the decrease in dietary CP level from 15.4% to 13.6% (a decrease of 1.8%), the fecal crude protein, the fecal ammonia, as well as the blood urea level decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group (P< 0.05 and 0.01, respectively).
Energy Profile in Broiler Chickens Fed with Different Levels of Humates
Authors: Marcin Andrej , Naď Pavel , Gancarčíková Soňa , Bujňák Lukáš , Skalická Magdaléna , Zigo František 
Published: January 2023

The objective of the study was the evaluation the effects of the peroral intake of humates (HS) added into feed mixtures on the energy metabolism of broiler chickens (Cobb 500). The selected parameters are concentrations of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol analysed in the blood serum. There were used four groups of birds (A, B, C, negative control; n=120) in the experiment. Chickens were fed with ground diets (starter HYD1, grower HYD2, finisher HYD3) with supplements of HS from day 1 to 37 as follows A: Humac nature (HN) 7 g/kg, B: Humac nature monogastric (HNM) 7 g/kg, C: HNM 5 g/kg feed (Humac Ltd., Slovak Republic). The diets had the following content of crude protein: HYD1 230.20, HYD2 222.20, HYD3 209.40 g CP /kg dry matter). The statistical evaluation of results was performed by one-way analysis of variance and means were compared by the Student-Newman-Keuls test and correlation analysis. Higher concentrations (P<0.05) of triglycerides in blood serum were analyzed in groups A or B by 0.24 and 0.26 mmol/l, respectively, in comparison to the control group (y = 0.35830x + 0.58324). The values of cholesterol were at a lower level (P<0.05) in all 3 experimental groups by 1.07, 0.54 and 0.84 mmol/l (y = - 1.18073x + 2.75772). The positive effect of the intake of HS on glucose concentration was not confirmed when a higher concentration (P<0.05) was analyzed in the blood serum of the control group compared with groups A or C by 3.31 and 4.56 mmol/l (y = - 4.06420x + 13.37519), respectively.
Peran Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling Membantu Siswa Kelas XII Menentukan Jurusan Ke Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Efani Risfa Gusnur 
Published: January 2023

Kelas XII merupakan masa dimana siswa harus sudah mempersiapkan studi ke jenjang perguruan tinggi. Karena pada masa ini, siswa akan dihadapkan dengan pertimbangan memilih jurusan yang sesuai dengan minat dan bakat yang siswa miliki. Akan tetapi, masih banyak siswa kelas XII yang belum bisa menentukan jurusan karena kurangnya rasa percaya diri dan belum sepenuhnya memahami minat dan bakat yang dimiliki. Oleh karena itu, dalam hal ini peran guru bimbingan dan konseling dibutuhkan untuk melakukan bimbingan pemilihan jurusan (educational guidance).
Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan Kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data berasal dari data primer dan sekunder. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah guru bimbingan konseling dapat memberikan informasi tentang jurusan di perguruan tinggi, memberikan bimbingan berupa bimbingan kelompok, individu dan spiritual, menyelesaikan perbedaan pendapat antara siswa dan orang tua mengenai pemilihan jurusan.
Peran Guru Bimbingan Konseling dalam Meningkatkan Self Control Siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Sarjo Kabupaten Pasangkayu
Authors: Jamaruddin  , Syamsuri  , Alimuddin Nurwahida 
Published: January 2023

Adapun yang menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) bagaimana self control siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Sarjo Kabupaten Pasangkayu, (2) bagaimana peran guru bimbingan konseling dalam meingkatkan Self Control siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Sarjo Kabupaten Pasangkayu, dan (3) apa faktor pendukung dan penghambat guru bimbingan konseling dalam meningkatkann Self Control siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Sarjo Kabupaten Pasangkayu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi guna mendapatkan data yang benar-benar falid dan dapat dipertangggung jawabkan.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Self Control Siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Sarjo Kabupaten Pasangkayu yaitu dengan adanya hubungan antara siswa dengan siswa, hubungan antara siswa dengan guru. Adapun peran guru bimbingan konseling dalam menigkatkan Self Control siswa yaitu dengan melakukan tindakan preventif, tindakan kuratif dan tindakan pembinaan. Dan faktor pendukung guru bimbingan konseling dalam meningkatkan Self Control Siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Sarjo Kabupaten Pasangkayu yaitu keaktifan guru wali kelas dan peran orang tua siswa, guru bimbingan konseling bekerja sama dengan guru-guru dan orang tua siswa. Sedangkan faktor penghambat guru bimbingan konseling dalam meningkatkan Self Control Siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Sarjo Kabupaten Pasangkayu yaitu berasal dari faktor internal siswa dan faktor eksternal siswa itu sendiri.
Cannabidiol in the context of sleeping disorders-induced oxidative stress
Authors: Jîtcă George , Ősz Bianca Eugenia , Rusz Carmen Maria , Pușcaș Amalia , Tero-Vescan Amelia , Bătrînu Mădălina Georgiana , Ștefănescu Ruxandra Emilia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sleep disorders can be the result of psychiatric or neurological conditions, such as post-traumatic stress disorders, depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease. At the same time, changes in sleep, known as sleep disorders, are closely related to various metabolic dysfunctions, which in turn are the result of the generation of reactive oxygen species, or otherwise known as oxidative stress. For this reason, cannabinoid derivatives are increasingly used for this purpose. Among the most used are delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These agents interact with the endogenous endocannabinoid system, either by direct action on specific receptors, or by increasing the availability of endocannabinoids, modifying particular mental states (anxiety, depression). The results of the studies specified in this article provide promising evidence regarding the positive effects of CBD, which extend beyond the scope of sleep disorders, with possible applications also in the case of the accumulation of reactive oxygen species.
Unusual case of infrarenal pheochromocytoma developed on ectopic adrenal tissue: An autopsy case report
Authors: Chiciudean Rebeca , Jung Ioan , Bara Tivadar , Gurzu Simona 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Pheochromocytomas are catecholamine-secreting tumors arising from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. We describe an unusual case of pheochromocytoma located in the infrarenal area and associated with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia.

Case presentation: A 70-year-old patient was admitted for syncope, diaphoresis, and high blood pressure. Computed tomography showed a 73×70×72 mm retroperitoneal mass of the left infrarenal area. High levels of metanephrine and noradrenaline were found in the urine. A tumor resection was performed. A few days after surgery, the blood pressure suddenly decreased and could not be restored, resulting in the death of the patient. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed a proliferation of monotonous cells, with eosinophilic cytoplasm, round nuclei with prominent nucleoli arranged in clusters, and capsular and vascular invasion. The tumor cells expressed synaptophysin and chromogranin, without positivity for inhibin A or S100 protein. At the autopsy, both adrenal glands showed hyperplasia but unrelated to the tumor mass. The histological aspect, location, and immunophenotype indicated an ectopic infrarenal pheochromocytoma.

Conclusions: In patients with pheochromocytoma developed on ectopic adrenal tissue, clinical management might be difficult, and diagnosis can be sometimes established only based on post-mortem histopathological examination. Autopsy can be extremely useful in such cases with unexplained evolution.
An evaluation of concordance between linear measurements obtained from conventional, digital and reconstructed three-dimensional printed orthodontic models: An in vitro study
Authors: Shetty Shravan , Natarajan Srikant , Nambiar Supriya , Shetty Prithvi , Chengappa Kavery , Shetty Mukul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the potential use of digital and reconstructed three-dimensional printed models as an alternative to conventional plaster models by assessing the accuracy of their linear measurements.

Methodology: Pre-treatment plaster models of 45 patients were selected from the archives of the Department of Orthodontics. Each physical plaster model was scanned and digitized using a three-dimensional (3D) laser surface scanning system (inEOS X5, Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany). The scanned STL files were later used to reconstruct models by 3D printing using Figure4® standalone 3D printer (3D systems, Rock Hill, South Carolina). Measurements of teeth 11 and 16, the transverse width of the upper jaw between the first molars (MM - intermolar width) and canines (CC - intercanine width) were done manually using a digital vernier caliper (Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan), and the CAD Assistant software (Open cascade, Guyancourt, France). Intra examiner data, Intraobserver variability, and measurement accuracy were evaluated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analysis was done using SPSS 20.0.

Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients were >0.8 indicating high reproducibility and reliability. Significant differences were found between the physical and the digital models but to a small proportion which were deemed not clinically relevant.

Conclusion: Both the digital models and reconstructed three-dimensional printed models using Figure4® technology were clinically permissible in terms of accuracy and reproducibility. The digital storage, transmission, and treatment planning in an environmentally friendly manner should promote digital over conventional records.
Individual Constitutional Complaints in Lithuania: An Effective Remedy to be Exhausted Before Applying to the European Court of Human Rights?
Authors: Pūraitė-Andrikienė Dovilė 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Although the significance of an individual constitutional complaint mechanism is mostly associated with the national constitutional protection of human rights, it is a no less significant remedy in the context of the international human rights protection system. Individual constitutional complaints can be considered an effective domestic legal remedy to be exhausted before applying to the European Court of Human Rights (the ECtHR). However, the answer to the question of whether proceedings in a constitutional justice institution fall within the scope of such domestic remedies is very complex and may vary from case to case. Whether it will be required to exhaust an individual constitutional complaint procedure before filing a complaint with the ECtHR will largely depend on the legal system of the state and the scope of the powers of the constitutional justice institution.
This article aims to assess whether the individual constitutional complaint mechanism operating in Lithuania could be recognised an effective remedy to be exhausted before applying to the ECtHR.
Label V. Content: The Problem of Non-Recognition of Civil Confiscation Orders in Europe
Authors: Bikelis Skirmantas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The paper discusses the problem of non-recognition of civil confiscation orders in Europe. Despite the breakthrough in international cooperation in the freezing and confiscation of crime proceeds in the criminal law domain, the formal approach in some European states destroys the potential of one of the most advanced instruments against crime proceeds—civil confiscation orders. The study offers a comparative analysis of the concepts of the confiscation of crime proceeds within and outside the frameworks of criminal proceedings. The analysis serves as the basis for the discussion of whether there is reasonable ground for the formal distinction between these concepts.
The author concludes that the formal elimination of the civil confiscation orders has no substantial background. The analysis of both extended powers of confiscation in the criminal law domain in Europe and the Lithuanian Law on Civil Confiscation in the light of principles of proportionality and fair proceedings shows that civil confiscation regimes outside the framework of criminal proceedings may provide adequate safeguards to those provided in the confiscation regimes within criminal proceedings.
The paper contributes to the discussion that is relevant to any European state that considers enacting or amending the civil confiscation legal framework or the legal regulation on recognising and executing crime proceeds confiscation orders. The paper elaborates on the approach that could enhance cooperation among European states in the prevention of organised crime.
COVID-19 Affected State Aid Provision in the EU
Authors: Puksas Andrius , Moisejevas Raimundas , Novikovas Andrejus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The EU State Aid regulation is based on the premise that the market and the entities within it must operate independently without additional unnecessary intervention by the state. In other words, state intervention must be kept to a minimum. Unjustified aid to one or another entity may distort the situation in the market and lead to a number of undesirable consequences, including market advantage acquired by the aided entity. The willingness of the state and its institutions to help those who face difficulties may be understandable, but not always justified. However, the prohibition on a state and its institutions to grant aid is not unconditional and, in some cases, may cause serious undesired consequences. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which hit EU member states in the first half of 2020, led to a re-thinking of the rules in force and a broadening of the scope for state aid exemptions. However, there are a number of questions about the nature of the EU State Aid regulation and its correlation with COVID-19 outbreak-conditioned decisions. The article analyses the state aid granting practices across the EU (including the UK) related to COVID-19. It covers approximately two- year period—from the start of the pandemic in Europe to March 2022.
The role of real estate development activity in the re-urbanization of cities – a case study of Łódź, Poland
Authors: Antczak-Stępniak Agata 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The suburbanization of cities began in many countries after World War II and was caused, among other things, by the growing popularity of the motor car, the development of transport networks, and the growth in human populations. In post-socialist countries, this process started later (mainly after the collapse of socialism). Suburbanization was often an uncontrolled phenomenon (due for instance to an ineffective urban spatial policy), which contributed to urban sprawl, and in which developers played a significant role. The growing costs of city maintenance have prompted local authorities to undertake planned activities for re-urbanization. The increase in development activities in recent years encourages reflection on their importance in these processes. This article aims to outline the role of developers, responsible for the new construction and the reconstruction of existing facilities, in the process of city re-urbanization, using the city of Łódź, Poland, as a case study. It is an example of a post-industrial city in which, the process of suburbanization, combined with the phenomenon of urban sprawl, proceeded rapidly after 1989. The phenomenon of depopulation has also been observed in Łódź for several years. Therefore, re-urbanization may be an antidote to some of Łódź’s population and spatial problems. The methods of desk research and a case study were used to achieve the aim.
Condition of decommissioned military barracks in Hungary
Authors: Bársony Róbert 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The reforming of the armed forces caused huge and continuous cuts to the manpower and to the finances. Which resulted of the decommission of numerous barracks throughout the country. The size and structure of these forces was not appropriate for the threats that the country faced, and country did not have the required resources to develop a new form for its armed forces. The aim of this article was to investigate opportunities in the case of decommissioned barracks, which point to the possibility of re-using abandoned buildings and sites and reducing the environmental damage that can still be found there. Due to changes in the economy and society of Hungary at the end of the 20th century, the number of barracks/garrisons and the structure of the Hungarian Defence Forces have changed substantially over the intervening years. Most of the garrisons in the countryside have been downsized by hasty decisions, leaving behind non-utilized and unsalvaged areas and in many cases a vast infrastructural heritage. Opportunities for the utilization of these abandoned facilities and the amelioration of environmental damage must be sought. Therefore, it was necessary to map and investigate the current conditions of these former garrisons. The author visited most of the closed barracks in all the counties of Hungary. The author also searched for information about Hungarian and Soviet barracks and examined the condition of decommissioned barracks at first only the possibility of their utilization was considered, later, an environmental point of view was added.
A high accuracy voltage approximation model based on object-oriented sensitivity matrix estimation (OO-SME model) in electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Gao Zengfeng , Darma Panji Nursetia , Kawashima Daisuke , Takei Masahiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The image reconstruction in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has low accuracy due to the approximation error between the measured voltage change and the approximated voltage change, from which the object cannot be accurately reconstructed and quantitatively evaluated. A voltage approximation model based on object-oriented sensitivity matrix estimation (OO-SME model) is proposed to reconstruct the image with high accuracy. In the OO-SME model, a sensitivity matrix of the object-field is estimated, and the sensitivity matrix change from the background-field to the object-field is estimated to optimize the approximated voltage change, from which the approximation error is eliminated to improve the reconstruction accuracy. Against the existing linear and nonlinear models, the approximation error in the OO-SME model is eliminated, thus an image with higher accuracy is reconstructed. The simulation shows that the OO-SME model reconstructs a more accurate image than the existing models for quantitative evaluation. The relative accuracy (RA) of reconstructed conductivity is increased up to 83.98% on average. The experiment of lean meat mass evaluation shows that the RA of lean meat mass is increased from 7.70% with the linear model to 54.60% with the OO-SME model. It is concluded that the OO-SME model reconstructs a more accurate image to evaluate the object quantitatively than the existing models.