bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The culture of winemaking as a protective factor against at-risk drinking: a peer-led intervention with adolescents
Authors: Rossero E. , Barbieri A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAlcohol consumption is part of the global youth culture and represents a dimension of young people’s social identity. Even if at-risk drinking in the young population is lower in Italy compared to other countries, the increasing complexity and changes in global values may influence risky behaviours, which therefore require attention and preventive strategies.ObjectivesThe intervention followed a pilot named The Vineyard Project, which engaged a group of young mental health service users in local practices of hand-harvesting grape. The initiative was hosted in the wine-producing area of Langhe (Italy), which shows lower rates of at-risk drinking also due to the protective role played by the cultural dimension of winemaking craft. The pilot inspired a peer led-intervention in a local high school, acknowledging the crucial role that educational settings play in the lives of young people and the relevance of peer influence on adolescents’ behaviours.MethodsSemi-structured interviews with young people participating in the Vineyard Project have been conducted, audio-recorded and shared with high school students (n=80) to become the object of dedicated workshops. Interviews explored participants’ experience in the vineyard, the relationship they developed with the vines and with professional vine growers, their role in the winemaking process, and the emotional and sensorial contents of their immersion in the viticultural landscape.ResultsThe peer-led intervention showed promising results in producing benefits beyond the group of young people directly involved in the vineyard activities. By narrating their experiences through the interviews, participants acted as cultural mediators with the students who subsequently listened to their stories. Their narratives represent unusual accounts of the world of wine and its production, drawing on the perspective of non-expert, young people that are not familiar with the viticultural landscape. The embodied knowledge they could learn from professional vine growers, concerning the harvest as well as other activities of care for the vines, contribute to portray wine as a cultural product, which is the result of traditions handed down from generation to generation, hard work, competent interventions on the vines and the other living beings of the vineyard. This unusual perspective on wine was perceived as particularly surprising for students who lived in the area, who became so acquainted with the viticultural landscape and the discourses around its products to the point of taking it for granted in a non-reflexive attitude.ConclusionsFindings suggest that peer-led interventions concerning wine and other drinking products, narrated in their cultural dimension (e.g. their story, identity, local traditions, practices and the tacit knowledge implied in their production), may encourage a limited and competent consumption among young people.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Under-diagnosis of alcohol abuse: a descriptive study in a psychiatric hospital
Authors: Lopez Fariña A. , López Puentes U. , Alonso Salas I. , Gonzalez Navarro C. , Bilbao Idarraga A. , Morado Sansegundo L. , Ortega Pozas U. , Aran Cisneros C. , Samso Martinez B. , Lopez Brokate R. F. , Ruiz de Azua Aspizua T. , Garnica De Cos E. M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIncidence of alcohol abuse in our country is high, although it is still under-diagnosed and under-treated. The WHO estimates that a total of 3.3 million deaths worldwide per year are related to alcohol consumption.ObjectivesThe main objective is to describe the pattern of alcohol consumption in a sample of patients who are admitted to our psychiatric hospital for different reasons, relating with previous diagnoses.MethodsA retrospective observational descriptive study was carried out in the acute care unit of the psychiatric hospital, after approval of the corresponding protocol by the ethics committee. All patients admitted to this unit during a three-month period were taken as a sample. During admission, sociodemographic data, drug use, treatment type and time and previous diagnoses were collected.ResultsOut of 172 patients, 81 reported being abstemious, 45 declared occasional consumption, 11 weekly and 22 daily consumption. There is no data about 13 patients. Among those who reported daily alcohol consumption, 59% had a previous diagnosis of Substance Use Disorder (SUD), 23% a previous diagnosis of Schizophrenia, 13.5% of Bipolar Disorder and finally 4.5% of Depressive Disorder. All the patients with a previous diagnosis of SUD reported consumption of more than 10 SDUs/day, the group with Schizophrenia stated less than 5 SDUs/day, of the group with T. Bipolar between 7-10 SDUs/day and with T. Depressive 5 SDUs/day.ConclusionsThe results obtained are consistent with the literature in relation to the under-diagnosis of alcohol use disorder, taking into account that 40% of patients in the sample with daily alcohol consumption previously had not such a diagnosis and it was not recorded in their medical history. For this reason, and for the sake of being able to treat them, it is essential to question all patients about alcohol consumption, whatever the reason for their admission.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cannabis use in different mental disorders: a descriptive study in a psychiatric hospital
Authors: Samso B. , López Fariña A. , González Navarro C. , Morado San Segundo L. , Bilbao Idarraga A. , López Puentes U. , Lopez Brokate R. F. , Ruiz de Azua Aspizua T. , Ortega Pozas U. , Arán Cisneros C. , Garnica de Cos E. , Alonso Salas I. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn the last decade, the prevalence of THC use is increasing among adolescents and adults. There is also strong evidence to suggest that cannabis use is associated with psychiatric comorbidities. The strongest evidence is found between cannabis use and psychotic disorder. However, the literature shows that those who have used cannabis in the past or for a large part of their lives are at higher risk of mood disorders, anxiety, personality disorder or other drug use than those who do not use cannabis in a harmful way.ObjectivesTo provide an overview of the association between cannabis use and the different mental pathologies presented by the patients admitted during the study period. To describe the prevalence of THC use in the study according to the mental pathology presented by the patient.MethodsA retrospective observational descriptive study was developed for 3 months, of all patients admitted to the acute unit of the psychiatric hospital. No exclusion criteria were included.ResultsDuring the period of study 172 patients were admitted to the hospital, classified according to the main diagnosis we have: 49 patients suffer from schizophrenia, 26 bipolar affective disorder, 20 with depressive disorder, 20 with personality disorder, 19 with substance use disorder, 18 with other unspecified disorders and 20 patients with no known previous diagnosis. The prevalence of THC use in the study sample according to diagnosis, would be schizophrenia 16%, Bipolar affective disorder 19%, Depressive disorder 5%, Personality disorder 45%, Substance use disorder 21%, Unspecified disorders 11% and patients with no known previous diagnosis 10%.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the study in terms of THC use are in agreement with those obtained in the literature. In our study, we observed that cannabis use is associated with psychotic disorders as well as with mood, personality and substance abuse disorders. Given that the frequency of use has increased and there is a strong association with different comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, guidance on modifications in medication strategies might be necessary.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescent mental health inpatient service use in England: An interrupted time-series analysis of national patient records
Authors: Tsiachristas A. , Holland J. , Guo B. , Sayal K. , Pari A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDuring the COVID 19 pandemic children and young people (CYP) faced significant restrictions. The virus and restrictions also affected how health services could function, including mental health. Research analysing the COVID 19 pandemic is important to ensure dynamic and resilient service design in case of future national emergencies.ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on CYP psychiatric admission trends during lockdowns 1 (started 26 March 2020) and 2 (started 20 November 2020) of the COVID 19 pandemic in England.MethodsRoutinely collected, retrospective, English, administrative data looking at the CYP hospital admissions, length of stay and patient demographics were analysed using an interrupted time series analysis to compare pre-pandemic service use with service use during COVID 19 lockdowns 1 and 2. The analysis used an ordinary least squares (OLS) approach with Newey–West standard errors to handle autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity.ResultsTable 1.Patient characteristics in the entire sample (n=6,250)VariablePre-pandemicPost-pandemicTotal sample(n=1,156)(n=94)(n=6,250)Mean age at admission (SD) [Median; IQR]15.3 (1.7) [16;3]15.6 (1.6) [16;2]15.3 (1.7) [16;3]GenderFemale70%72%70%Missing1%2%1%BAME backgroundYes18%18%18%Missing7%6%7%Looked afterYes11%8%11%Missing14%13%14%In full educationYes43%34%43%Missing35%47%35%Mean number of admissions per patient (SD) [Median; IQR]1.7 (1.2) [1;1]1.2 (0.6) [1;0]1.7 (1.2) [1;1]Mean length of stay (SD) [Median; IQR] n93 (94) [68;94] 6,06565 (65) [43;77] 7193 (94) [67;94] 6,136Mean number of out-of-area admissions per patient (SD) [Median; IQR]0.48 (0.8) [0;1]0.33 (0.6) [0;1]0.48 (0.80) [0;1]SD: standard deviation; IQR: Interquartile rangeImage:Image 2:Image 3:ConclusionsDuring lockdown 1 and 2, psychiatric admissions for CYP were fewer and shorter. The rise in admissions for more deprived CYP and looked after children suggests these CYP may have been disproportionately affected by the pandemic.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A psychiatric mobile clinic in rural Ghana as a model to deliver professional services to a huge catchment area, review of 12 years experience
Authors: Shwarzman O. , Budde-Schwartzman B. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe population in remote areas in Ghana as in other low- and middle- income countries (LMIC’s) are known to suffer from limited access to quality mental health services. The challenges include limited inpatient and outpatient mental health services at the regional and district levels, shortage of well-trained professionals, poor funding by the government and difficulties for the patients to pay for medical costs, poor telecommunication services and the lack of adequate infrastructure.ObjectivesWe present a novel model of professional psychiatric mobile clinic, Gye Nyame Mobile Clinics, in remote areas in Ghana. This comprehensive service package connects the current loose ends of existing structural efforts in the subdistricts, trains regularly district hospital teams and bridges the gap between district hospital, primary health posts down to every patient.MethodsIn this retrospective descriptive study we collected demographic data of all the patients who visited the Gye Nyame professional mobile clinic in Psychiatry (GNMC) from November 1, 2008 to October 31, 2019 in the ten health posts of Ghana’s Ashanti RegionResultsBetween November 2008 and October 2019, we counted 16.370 visits of patients with psychiatric/ neurological diagnosis. The patients suffered mostly from schizophrenia in 24,1%, general convulsions in 40,8 % and other psychotic disorders in 5,9% of the visits. 78,5% returned to our mobile clinic for follow-up, 100% could be treated on outreach.ConclusionsThis community-based approach delivers psychiatric services to subdistrict and district levels and to patients who have no other access to these professional services. According to the results, a wide spectrum of pathologies and quantity of patients are seen – especially patients with no former treatment- the most common diagnosis in the rural area are schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders and generalized convulsions, followed by intellectual disabilities/autism spectrum disorder and cerebral malaria neuropsychiatric complications.This is the first study to evaluate the implemented impact of integrated psychiatric services into existing structures in remote areas of LMIC`s.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Mycobiota, neuro-cognitif disorders and behavioural impairments: is there a relationship?
Authors: Abdelmoula B. , Sellami H. , Neji S. , Torjmen M. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe human body carries large and diverse communities of symbiotic microbes that are important for human health and development. While the impact of the bacterial microbiota, which are mostly found in the human gut, on host physiology is relatively well described, much less is known about the interactions between the mycobiota and the host and the resulting effects on human health. At the level of the nervous system, there is increasing evidence implicating the gut microbiota in a variety of neurological disorders. Similar demonstrations of a causal or supportive role of the mycobioma in neurological disorders are still rare, but several studies linking fungal dysbiosis to disease in humans suggest a contribution of symbiotic fungi to neurocognitive and behavioral disorders.ObjectivesWe aim through this review to show the role of mycobiota in neurocognitive and behavioral disorders.MethodsWe comprehensively review the scientific literature using Pubmed database and other search platforms such as Google scholar to state the role of mycobiota in neurocognitive and behavioral disorders.ResultsOur bibliographic review revealed that, according to recent studies, Candida species are overrepresented in the stool of individuals with autism spectrum disorders and Rett syndrome compared to healthy controls. Other studies revealed mycobiome signatures specific to cognitive impairment and demonstrated that different diets modulate the mycobiome in association with Alzheimer’s disease markers and fungal-bacterial co-regulatory networks in patients with cognitive impairment.ConclusionsOur understanding of the role of the mycobiota in the biology of neurocognitive disorders-whether causal, consequential, or predisposing-could open up new hypotheses in this area and inspire further research on potential mycobiotic signatures, associated dysbiosis and dysfunction in the neurocognitive developmental-homeostasis spectrum that may contribute to neurocognitive and behavioral developmental disorders and predisposition to cognitive decline, dementia, and progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease in high-risk subjects.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Schizophrenia may be considered as a member of the spectrum of PBAFopathies
Authors: Abdelmoula B. , Sellami S. , Smaoui W. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionChromatin modifications and epigenetics are important pathogenesis mechanisms leading to various neurologic and psychiatric disorders including epilepsy, drug addictions, depression, autistic spectrum, learning disabilities and schizophrenia. Recently, the disruption of the chromatin remodeling BAF complex has been linked to several neurodevelopmental syndromes, commonly referred to as PBAFopathies.ObjectivesHere, we review the implication of PBAF complex genes in schizophrenia and we outline syndromes caused by mutations in these chromatin-modifying enzymes labelled as PBAFopathies to discuss the functional consequences of reported mutations in the literature.MethodsWe comprehensively review the scientific literature using Pubmed database and other search platforms such as Google scholar to state the role of PBAF complex genes in schizophrenia and to reveal the most frequent genes mutations reported in literature.ResultsOur review revealed that the human analogs of the subfamily of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, which are known in eukaryotes as the mammalian SWI/SNF complex (counting a group of proteins that associate and possess a DNA-stimulated ATPase activity that can destabilize histone-DNA interactions in reconstituted nucleosomes providing crucial nucleosome rearrangement and allowing the activation/repression of genes) are crucial for the regulation of genes expression and cells differentiation. They involve two well-known complexes which are SWI/SNF-A (known as BAF complex) and SWI/SNF-B (known as Polybromo-associated BAF or PBAF complex). SWI/SNF is a multisubunit chromatin-remodeling complex that performs fundamental roles in gene regulation, cell lineage specification, and organismal development and mutations that inactivate SWI/SNF subunits are found in nearly 20% of human cancers and in various developmental disorders, forming a continuum or spectrum of diseases. Since the first description of BRG1/BRM mutations in schizophrenia, other mutations of the SWI/SNF subunits have been reported: SMARCA1, SMARCA2, SMARCA4/BRG1, etc. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these and other genes of PBAF have been also associated with schizophrenia.ConclusionsThis review focuses on the PBAF SWI/SNF subunits to find out if schizophrenia may be considered as a member of the spectrum of PBAFopathies.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Assessing the effectiveness and observing fidelity of a psychosocial support program for Rohingya refugee mothers and their children in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Le Roch K. , Nguyen A. J. , Rahaman K. S. , Lasater M. , Barua S. , Lee C. , Schojan M. , Clouin L. , Murray S. M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDespite the well-recognized risk poor maternal mental health poses to early child development, it is still rarely addressed in global health programming, especially in humanitarian settings where access to health and mental health infrastructures may be limited. Recognizing the critical role of maternal psychosocial wellness in addressing the health and development of children in conflict, Action contre La Faim/Action Against Hunger (ACF) developed the Baby Friendly Spaces (BFS) program. BFS is a holistic, evidenced-based psychosocial support program that aims to enhance mothers’ wellbeing, internal resources, and child caring skills in order to create a buffer against the deleterious health and developmental impacts of conflict on children.ObjectivesIn Bangladesh, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychosocial support program for Rohingya refugee mothers and their malnourished children under two years old living in Cox’s Bazar’s camps.MethodsFor this study, we used a matched pair randomization, where ten BFS program sites were allocated to either continue providing services “as usual” or to an “enhanced BFS program” after re-training and providing continuous supportive supervision of the BFS staff throughout the trial period. 600 mothers and their children were enrolled in the study and attended psychosocial stimulation activities related to child care practices and care for women. Data were collected at baseline and 8-week follow-up. Primary outcomes included maternal distress and wellbeing, functioning, and coping. For implementation purpose, a survey was administered on confidence at work for all BFS staff and a fidelity observation assessment was conducted.ResultsRelative to “as usual” sites, mothers in enhanced implementation sites reported greater reductions in distress (B=-.30) and improvement in wellbeing (B=.58). These differences were small, but marginally significant (p=.058; p=.038) with standard estimation; There was no significant difference between the two groups for daily functioning and coping. BFS providers in “enhanced BFS program” reported higher confidence in service delivery than their colleagues (p=.01). Fidelity varied widely across different components, with some very high and some very low adherence. There tended to be better adherence to procedures in group versus individual sessions and for some specific activities across domains, for enhanced versus standard BFS.ConclusionsFindings highlight the value of innovative study approaches for real-world evidence generation. Small but feasible adjustments to implementation can both improve program delivery for maximizing impact. Consequently, low-intensity psychosocial support activities holds potential for reducing distress and improving subjective well-being of conflict affected mothers.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Donepezil-induced psychosis: a cautionary report of a rare adverse reaction
Authors: Hutchings K. R. , Hutchings B. K. , Ratnakaran B. , Kablinger A. S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDonepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease. While it is not curative for Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil has been shown to improve symptoms and slow disease progression; however, cases of rare psychiatric adverse effects, including hallucinations, mania, and increased confusion, have been reported. This report presents a case of donepezil-induced psychosis, which quickly resolved following cessation of the offending medication.ObjectivesTo illustrate a unique case of donepezil-induced psychosisMethodsThe patient is an 81-year-old male with a history of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, mild depression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and myocardial infarction. The patient was prescribed oral donepezil 10mg twice daily to manage his late-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Subsequently, he began developing persecutory delusions, increased agitation toward his family, and auditory hallucinations. His symptoms were worse at night after taking the donepezil, and he regularly requested to have a firearm for self-defense in the late hours of the night. His symptoms progressed for several weeks before his family brought him into the geriatric psychiatry clinic to address his psychosis. The family recognized that these new symptoms started shortly after the patient began taking donepezil and had already started decreasing the dose to half of what was originally prescribed.ResultsThis patient experienced symptom remission from psychosis immediately upon discontinuation of donepezil. The patient and his family reported significant improvement with no continuation of hallucinations or paranoia. There was also reported improvement in mood and irritability, and the patient appeared significantly better upon follow-up with geriatric psychiatry. Due to this immediate improvement, the suspected causative factor in the precipitation of psychosis in this patient is the anticholinesterase activity of the donepezil. Although the prescribing information of donepezil details inadequate data proving an association between donepezil and psychotic symptoms, two other published case reports (Yorston GA et al. J Psychopharmacol 2000;14:303-4, Pozzi FE et al. Case Rep Neurol 2022; 14:359-365), along with this one, provide evidence of a causal relationship between the two. The patient was switched to memantine therapy and has remained free of psychotic symptoms thus far.ConclusionsThis case demonstrates the caution required among clinicians when prescribing donepezil for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. There needs to be a more focused risk evaluation of potential psychiatric adverse effects in patients treated with donepezil.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared