bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acenaphthoimidazolylidene‐Ligated Palladacycle Enabled Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Employing Equimolar Organoboron for Tri‐Ortho‐Substituted Bi(hetero)aryls and Teraryls
Authors: Wang Kun , Yang Hanxiao , Bauer Felix , Breit Bernhard , Fang Weiwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐couplings (SMRs) are utilized as the most practical method to construct C−C bond, especial for biaryls. However, a major disadvantage of current protocols is the requirement of excess organoboron coupling partner (1.5–3.0 equiv.). Herein, a novel palladacyclic 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)acenaphthoimidazol‐2‐ylidene (AnIPr) precatalyst possessing a chiral oxazoline was designed, which enabled a general protocol towards bulky tri‐ortho‐substituted biaryls, ternaphthalenes and diarylanthracenes via the Pd‐catalyzed SMR employing equimolar organoborons and aryl bromides. A remarkable scope of substrates with various functional groups and heterocycles were well compatible with an adaptability to synthesize useful ligands.
The GameStop short squeeze: Put–call parity and the effect of frictions before, during and after the squeeze
Authors: Hilliard Jimmy E. , Hilliard Jitka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe short squeeze in GameStop attracted worldwide attention and resulted in congressional hearings. The increase in GameStop stock from an opening price of $21 on January 26 to an interday high of $483 on January 28 was not the result of obvious fundamental earnings prospects. Buying pressure from investors on a social media site accompanied by short covering, resulted in the stratospheric ascent of stock price. We use put–call parity to investigate the related issue of the no‐arbitrage violations before, during, and after the squeeze. We do not find evidence of abundant free money after accounting for short selling frictions.
Petrography and geochemistry of Late Cretaceous clastic rocks in the northern Songliao Basin, north‐eastern China: Implications for provenance and weathering
Authors: Xu Zenglian , Tang Chao , Chen Lulu , Xiao Peng , Liu Huajian , Zeng Hui , Duan Ming 
Published: March 2023

Petrography and geochemical data of the Late Cretaceous clastic rocks in the northern Songliao Basin were used to infer the provenance and chemical weathering history. Petrographic data indicates that the composition of the sandstones is mainly quartz (34.48–50.43%), feldspars (14.16%–24.07%) and lithic fragments (33.91%–45.9%). Similar REE patterns and trace element ratios suggest that both the sandstones (LaCN/YbCN = 12.97; Eu/Eu* = 0.81; Th/Sc = 1.10) and mudstones (LaCN/YbCN = 10.02; Eu/Eu* = 0.71; Th/Sc = 1.10) were derived from a similar source area with felsic volcanic rocks as dominant contributors. The main provenance area is probably the eastern Zhangguangcai Range, the north‐eastern Lesser Xing'an Range and the south‐eastern Songliao Basin. A modelled mixture composed of 65% granodiorite in the Lesser Xing'an Range, 30% granite in Zhangguangcai Range and 5% epidiorite in the south‐eastern Songliao Basin, can be interpreted as the potential source compositions for the clastic sediments. This conclusion is reinforced by the major element of geochemistry composition and sandstone petrography. Relatively low Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) values in mudstones (48.14–69.26) and sandstones (50.78–59.96) indicate mild chemical weathering conditions in the source area. The chemical weathering history suggests that a cold and arid climate prevailed during the Late Cretaceous.
Building community at work: An exploratory study in healthcare system management
Authors: Boyd Neil M. , Larson Sharon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent scholarship has demonstrated that experiences in the community (i.e., a sense of community [SOC] and a SOC responsibility) can enhance employee psychological and behavioral outcomes. Recent evidence also shows that the experiences of the community are better able to predict employee outcomes compared to long‐regarded management and public management constructs. However, very little empirical evidence exists on antecedent conditions that help build community experiences at work. To evaluate this gap, we conducted interviews with executive leaders, and focus groups with administrative leaders, across four major facilities in a large nonprofit healthcare system that is headquartered in Pennsylvania, United States. The study confirmed the propositions of the Community Experience Model, and explored organizational conditions that appear to build community experiences. The findings help frame factors that scholars can empirically test in future studies, and assist executives, human resource professionals, and managers throughout an organization, in building community at work.
Reconstruction of soft noncontractile tissue in the derived therizinosaur Nothronychus: The interplay of soft tissue and stress on hindlimb ossification and posture
Authors: Smith David K. , Gillette David D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNothronychus graffami was a large therizinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of North America. Much of the skeleton is well‐preserved and relatively undistorted. The synovial capsule, extracapsular, and intracapsular tendons are reconstructed in N. graffami using existing scars and comparison with the hips of extant theropods and models of extinct theropods. The iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments are all modeled. Soft tissue, especially the ischiofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments reduced possible protraction/retraction of the femur at the hip while stabilizing the joint. Therefore, most hindlimb movements took place at the knee. Weight‐bearing function in Nothronychus was transferred from the supra‐acetabular crest to the pubic peduncle and associated labrum at rest. The femur possessed an intermediately angled neck, convergent with titanosaurs. Therefore, some lateral abduction is proposed, requiring a well‐developed meniscus at the knee. Such a posture would result in considerable mediolateral stress along the femoral shaft, resulting in increased transverse ossification. The femur is considered somewhat abducted from the midline, especially when maximally pronated, as the preacetabular ala is more extensive than the post‐acetabular ala. This trait would probably result in a laterally divergent femur, as in many birds, resulting in a broad‐gauge trackway with wider separation between left and right footprints than observed in many theropod trackways. Limb ratios and ossification patterns suggest a slow, waddling gait. A standard digitiform pose is reconstructed as is common for theropods, but a plantigrade stance cannot be firmly rejected.
Antiviral and anti‐inflammatory activity of natural compounds against Japanese encephalitis virus via inhibition of NS5 protein and regulation of key immune and inflammatory signaling pathways
Authors: Maurya Vimal K. , Kumar Swatantra , Ansari Saniya , Sachan Amod K. , Singh Umashankar , Paweska Janusz T. , Abdel‐Moneim Ahmed S. , Saxena Shailendra K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJapanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the foremost cause of viral encephalitis in Southeast Asia and Australia leading to approximately 68 000 clinical cases and about 13 600−20 400 deaths annually. Vaccination is not completely sure and safe. Despite this, no specific antiviral has been available or approved for JEV infection yet and treatment is generally symptomatic. Therefore, this study aims to examine the antiviral activity of natural compounds against JEV proteins. The antiviral activity of natural compounds was investigated via molecular docking, cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assay, western blotting, and indirect immunofluorescence assay. Physiochemical, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity analysis were evaluated for the safety and efficacy of natural compounds. Network pharmacology‐based approaches have been used to study the molecular mechanisms of drug‐target interactions. Molecular docking results suggested that the NS5 protein of JEV is the major target for natural compounds. Network pharmacology‐based analysis revealed that these drugs majorly target IL6, AKT1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and PTGS2 to regulate key immune and inflammatory pathways such as nuclear factor kappa B, PI3K‐Akt, and TNF signaling, during JEV infection. Our in vitro results show that among the natural compounds, curcumin provides the highest protection against JEV infection via reducing the JEV‐induced CPE (IC50 = 5.90 ± 0.44 µM/mL), and reduces the expression of NS5 protein, IL6, AKT1, TNF‐α, and PTGS2. However, other natural compounds also provide protection to some extent but their efficacy is lower compared to curcumin. Therefore, this study shows that natural compounds, mainly curcumin, may offer novel therapeutic avenues for the treatment of JEV via inhibiting key viral proteins and regulating crucial host pathways involved in JEV replication.
Longer intervals between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and mRNA‐1273 doses improve the neutralization of different variants of concern
Authors: García‐Pérez Javier , Bermejo Mercedes , Ramírez‐García Almudena , De La Torre‐Tarazona Humberto Erick , Cascajero Almudena , Castillo de la Osa María , Jiménez Paloma , Aparicio Gómez Marta , Calonge Esther , Sancho‐López Aránzazu , Payares‐Herrera Concepción , Layunta Acero Rocio , Vicente‐Izquierdo Laura , Avendaño‐Solá Cristina , Alcamí José , Pérez‐Olmeda Mayte , Díez‐Fuertes Francisco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe humoral immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) variants of concern elicited by vaccination was evaluated in COVID‐19 recovered individuals (Rec) separated 1–3 months (Rec2m) or 4–12 months (Rec9m) postinfection and compared to the response in naïve participants. Antibody‐mediated immune responses were assessed in 66 participants by three commercial immunoassays and a SARS‐CoV‐2 lentiviral‐based pseudovirus neutralization assay. Immunoglobulin (Ig) levels against SARS‐CoV‐2 spike were lower in naïve participants after two doses than in Rec after a single dose (p < 0.05). After two doses in Rec, levels of total Ig to receptor‐binding domain were significantly increased in Rec9m compared to Rec2m (p < 0.001). The neutralizing potency observed in Rec9m was consistently higher than in Rec2m against variants of concern (VOCs) Alpha, Beta, Delta, and BA.1 sublineage of Omicron with 2.2–2.8‐fold increases. Increasing the interval between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the vaccination with messenger RNA‐based vaccines to more than 3 months generates a more efficient heterologous humoral immune response against VOCs by allowing enough time to mount a strong recall memory B cell response.
SARS‐CoV‐2 NSP8 suppresses type I and III IFN responses by modulating the RIG‐I/MDA5, TRIF, and STING signaling pathways
Authors: Deng Jian , Zheng Sheng‐Nan , Xiao Yang , Nan Mei‐Ling , Zhang Jing , Han Lulu , Zheng Yi , Yu Yanying , Ding Qiang , Gao Chengjiang , Wang Pei‐Hui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 has developed a variety of approaches to counteract host innate antiviral immunity to facilitate its infection, replication and pathogenesis, but the molecular mechanisms that it employs are still not been fully understood. Here, we found that SARS‐CoV‐2 NSP8 inhibited the production of type I and III interferons (IFNs) by acting on RIG‐I/MDA5 and the signaling molecules TRIF and STING. Overexpression of NSP8 downregulated the expression of type I and III IFNs stimulated by poly (I:C) transfection and infection with SeV and SARS‐CoV‐2. In addition, NSP8 impaired IFN expression triggered by overexpression of the signaling molecules RIG‐I, MDA5, and MAVS, instead of TBK1 and IRF3‐5D, an active form of IRF3. From a mechanistic view, NSP8 interacts with RIG‐I and MDA5, and thereby prevents the assembly of the RIG‐I/MDA5‐MAVS signalosome, resulting in the impaired phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of IRF3. NSP8 also suppressed the TRIF‐ and STING‐ induced IFN expression by directly interacting with them. Moreover, ectopic expression of NSP8 promoted virus replications. Taken together, SARS‐CoV‐2 NSP8 suppresses type I and III IFN responses by disturbing the RIG‐I/MDA5−MAVS complex formation and targeting TRIF and STING signaling transduction. These results provide new insights into the pathogenesis of COVID‐19.
Late Pleistocene and Holocene transgression inferred from the sediments of the Gulf of San Jorge, central Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Desiage Pierre‐Arnaud , St‐Onge Guillaume , Duchesne Mathieu J. , Montero‐Serrano Jean‐Carlos , Haller Miguel J. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThis study presents the first detailed description of the upper sedimentary succession of the late Pleistocene and Holocene deposits in the Gulf of San Jorge (Patagonia) based on several hundred kilometers of high‐resolution seismic (sparker) profiles and numerous sediment cores. High‐resolution seismic stratigraphy confirms the existence of a paleo‐fluvial network formed during sea‐level lowstands and buried by central basin estuarine deposits during the last marine transgression. Analyses of lithostratigraphy and radiocarbon ages indicate the onset of subtidal sedimentation at ~14 cal ka bp. Before the onset of subtidal conditions, the first steps of marine incursion seem to have led to the development of lagoonal/wind–tidal flat environments, advocating for a sea‐level stillstand. An abrupt increase in the log(Ti/Ca) ratio in a distinct multi‐centimeter‐thick layer and the identification of a wave‐ravinement surface suggest rapid sea‐level rise in the gulf prior to ~14 cal ka bp, consistent with Meltwater Pulse 1A. Overall, this study highlights the significant impact of sea‐level rise on sedimentation in the gulf from the onset of marine incursions to the mid‐Holocene, as well as the reduced contribution, as currently observed, of riverine inputs due to the progressive diminution and withdrawal of glacial drainage starting before the Holocene.
Three‐dimensional multispectral facial imaging to monitor actinic damage treated with 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: Torrano Joachim , Hishon Matt , Robinson Mitchell , Raphael Anthony , Wu Jason , Betz‐Stablein Brigid , Kopera Daisy , Soyer Hans Peter , Schaider Helmut 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundStandardised therapeutic monitoring of field skin cancerisation is challenging. 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) is a common topical therapy for ultraviolet radiation (UV) and actinic keratosis (AK) but is often accompanied with adverse side effects. Monitoring of patients following treatment can be improved with novel imaging technologies.ObjectivesThis case series used new, improved facial imaging technology in assessing topical 5‐FU treatment for actinic damage.MethodsA case series followed 18 participants treated with topical 5‐FU over 2 weeks, with facial imaging at baseline, at the end of treatment and at Week 12 posttreatment. Skin characteristics were automatically measured across selected treatment areas using the VISIA three‐dimensional (3D) multispectral facial imaging system.ResultsVISIA analysis recorded sharp increases in erythema, UV‐spots and skin roughness at Week 2 followed by reduction of erythema, UV‐spots and skin roughness at 12 weeks posttreatment compared to baseline. Skin hyper‐ and hypopigmentation was observed across treatment areas at Week 2 returning to baseline levels by Week 12. Participants demonstrated improved skin texture indicating smoother skin and significantly diminished UV‐spots.Conclusions3D, multispectral facial imaging can facilitate topical treatment monitoring of field cancerisation. 5‐FU treatment of field cancerisation as observed in VISIA images and data are consistent with clinical experience. 3D, multispectral imaging was efficient, noninvasive and objective in monitoring treatment of actinic damage, for example, by measurement of erythema as a surrogate marker for inflammation. For clinical trials of new treatment modalities for facial photodamage and field cancerisation, 3D multispectral imaging features new tools for analysis of skin characteristics, including objective quantification of erythema, skin texture, UV‐spots and other inflammation‐related changes triggered by 5‐FU treatment.
Real‐Time Superresolution Interferometric Measurement Enabled by Structured Nonlinear Optics
Authors: Zhang Xin‐Yu , Wu Hai‐Jun , Yu Bing‐Shi , Rosales‐Guzmán Carmelo , Zhu Zhi‐Han , Hu Xiao‐Peng , Shi Bao‐Sen , Zhu Shi‐Ning 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOptical interferometers are pillars of modern precision metrology, but their resolution is limited by the wavelength of the light source, which cannot be infinitely reduced. Magically, this limitation can be circumvented by using an entangled multiphoton source because interference produced by an N‐photon amplitude features a reduced de Broglie wavelength . However, the extremely low efficiency in multiphoton state generation and coincidence counts actually negates the potential of using multiphoton states in practical measurements. Here, a novel interferometric technique based on structured nonlinear optics is demonstrated, i.e., parametric upconversion of a structured beam, capable of superresolution measurement in real time. The main principle relies in that the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state and associated intramodal phase within the structured beam are both continuously multiplied in cascading upconversion to mimic the superresolved phase evolution of a multiphoton amplitude. Owing to the use of bright sensing beams and OAM mode projection, up to a 12‐photon de Broglie wavelength with almost perfect visibility is observed in real time and, importantly, by using only a low‐cost detector. The results open the door to real‐time superresolution interferometric metrology and provide a promising way toward multiphoton superiority in practical applications.
Should Paxlovid be prescribed for patients with severe COVID‐19 in the late course of infection? A case report
Authors: Li Qiang , He Yibo , Liu Jin , Lu Xiaozhao , Zhou Ziyou , Kang Yu , Wu Wanying , Wu Jielan , Wang Feng , Sun Yinghao , Wang Wei , Hui Chengyi , Wei Wenting , Wen Miaoyun , Chen Jingjing , Liu Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe infection of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is often accompanied by pneumonia with both high incidence and mortality. Paxlovid is commonly prescribed in patients with mild and normal pneumonia within 5 days from the symptom onset. Herein, we report a practically effective use of Paxlovid compensatively in patients with COVID‐19 and severe pneumonia after 5 days of infection in a typical case in China. In this case, a 75‐year‐old man was diagnosed with severe COVID‐19 complicated with a pulmonary bacterial infection. After treatment with oxygen inhalation, Cefoperazone‐sulbactam and ambroxol, fever and upper respiratory symptoms were alleviated, except for the Oxygenation index (OI) remaining worse, Coronavirus was detected as positive, and levels of interleukin‐6 remained high. Paxlovid was prescribed for 5 days subsequently though it was 14 days since symptom onset. Thereafter, the nucleic acid of the patient turned negative in 7 days and the symptoms resolved. This case showed that Paxlovid can be considered in patients with COVID‐19 and severe pneumonia even in the later course of infection in clinical practice in China.
Regional characteristics of cloudiness in Serbia during the period 1991–2017
Authors: Veljović Koračin Katarina , Kovačević Nemanja , Koračin Darko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMonthly climate data of days with clear and cloudy skies at 38 stations (1991–2017) and daily visual observations of total cloud amounts (TCA) available at six principal stations (1992–2017) were used to investigate regional, subregional, and temporal characteristics of cloudiness in Serbia. Annual, seasonal, and monthly means were used in the analysis. Results showed differences due to influences from topography, predominant synoptic situations, and possible teleconnection with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). According to our criteria, the annual number of cloudy‐sky days (~80–120) was higher than that of selected clear‐sky days (~50–90), except for 3 years of prevailing anticyclonic circulations. A maximum cloudiness frequency was in winter (December), while a minimum frequency was in summer (August). TCA variability was the highest in an area of complex orography. Southeast Serbia was characterized by the smallest daily temporal variation of TCA based on 7, 14, and 21 h observations as well as by a high number of clear‐sky days during all seasons, while the western mountainous part was much cloudier. From October to January, morning TCA was higher than afternoon TCA, ranging from 70% (January) to 78% (December). Statistically significant positive trends in the number of cloudy‐sky days were found for three stations. A statistically significant moderate positive/negative correlation coefficient was found between the monthly cumulative frequencies of clear‐sky/cloudy‐sky days and the NAO for the winter seasons, respectively. During the 18 winters with the negative NAO index (i.e., frequent westerly warm and moist advection), there were approximately six times more cloudy‐sky days (588) than clear‐sky days (88).
Advanced VR and AR Displays: Improving the User Experience
Authors: Ha Juhwa , Kim Sangho , Song Daeho , Park Sangho , Park Jintaek , Choi Jaebeom , Lee Changhee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor VR/AR devices to reach full potential, we need user‐friendly near‐eye displays that can match the human vision system, while also increasing microdisplays’ functionality.
Calf circumferences in fetuses and neonates with and without talipes equinovares. A prospective cohort study
Authors: Tjon Jill K. , Witbreuk Melinda M. E. H. , Struijs Peter A. A. , van der Knoop Bloeme J. , Linskens Ingeborg H. , de Vries Johanna I. P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveChildren and adults with talipes equinovarus (TEV) have smaller calves and shorter feet compared to non‐affected controls. Do these changes have a prenatal onset?MethodsA prospective cohort study (January 2020–July 2021) was conducted with serial ultrasonographic measurements at 20 and 28 weeks gestation and measurements directly and 6 weeks after birth. Calf circumference and width, foot length and length of humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia and fibula were measured in TEV and were compared to a control population. Calculated sample size necessitated a minimal population of 10 cases with TEV and 50 controls.ResultsTwenty cases with TEV and 62 controls were included. Fetal calf circumference (p < 0.001) and width (p < 0.001) were smaller in the TEV group in comparison to the control group, which persisted after birth. Growth in foot length (p < 0.001) and calf width (p 0.003) declined prenatally over time. The bone lengths and upper leg circumference were not smaller or shorter in TEV compared to controls.ConclusionThis prospective cohort study demonstrated the prenatal onset of reduced calf and foot size in fetuses with TEV from 20 weeks and onwards, which persists directly after birth. To investigate whether reduction in circumference initiates TEV or is caused by TEV, further examination is needed.