bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frozen mountain pine needles: The endodermis discriminates between the ice‐containing central tissue and the ice‐free fully functional mesophyll
Authors: Stegner Matthias , Buchner Othmar , Geßlbauer Michael , Lindner Jasmin , Flörl Alexander , Xiao Nannan , Holzinger Andreas , Gierlinger Notburga , Neuner Gilbert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConifer (Pinaceae) needles are the most frost‐hardy leaves. During needle freezing, the exceptional leaf anatomy, where an endodermis separates the mesophyll from the vascular tissue, could have consequences for ice management and photosynthesis. The eco‐physiological importance of needle freezing behaviour was evaluated based on the measured natural freezing strain at the alpine treeline. Ice localisation and cellular responses to ice were investigated in mountain pine needles by cryo‐microscopic techniques. Their consequences for photosynthetic activity were assessed by gas exchange measurements. The freezing response was related to the microchemistry of cell walls investigated by Raman microscopy. In frozen needles, ice was confined to the central vascular cylinder bordered by the endodermis. The endodermal cell walls were lignified. In the ice‐free mesophyll, cells showed no freeze‐dehydration and were found photosynthetically active. Mesophyll cells had lignified tangential cell walls, which adds rigidity. Ice barriers in mountain pine needles seem to be realised by a specific lignification patterning of cell walls. This, additionally, impedes freeze‐dehydration of mesophyll cells and enables gas exchange of frozen needles. At the treeline, where freezing is a dominant environmental factor, the elaborate needle freezing pattern appears of ecological importance.
Legislative Intentions and Counterfactu‐als: Or, What One Can Still Learn from Dworkin's Critique of Legal Positivism
Authors: Canale Damiano , Tuzet Giovanni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRiggs v. Palmerhas become famous since Dworkin used it to show that legal positivism is defective. The debate over the merits of Dworkin's claims is still very lively. Yet not enough attention has been paid to the fact that the content of the statute at issue inRiggswas given by thecounterfactual intentionof the legislature. According to arguments from legislative intent, a judicial decision is justified if it is based on the lawmaker's intention. But can legislative intentions be determined counterfactually? More generally, what are the discursive commitments undertaken by a lawyer or a judge, in an exchange of legal reasons, when using this interpretive methodology? This paper addresses these issues considering, in particular, David Lewis's “resemblance” condition and “relevant similarity” between possible worlds in the evaluation of counterfactual statements. The analysis sheds some new light on the debate on theoretical disagreements and shows that Dworkin's conception of law as an argumentative practice is not necessarily at odds with legal positivism. It rather allows us to look at it under a better light.
Acute outreach service to nursing homes: A systematic review with GRADE and triple aim approach
Authors: Kontunen Perttu J. , Holstein Ria M. , Torkki Paulus M. , Lang Eddy S. , Castrén Maaret K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople living in nursing homes face the risk of visiting the emergency department (ED). Outreach services are developing to prevent unnecessary transfers to ED.AimsWe aim to assess the performance of acute care services provided to people living in nursing homes or long‐term homecare, focusing on ED transfer prevention, safety, cost‐effectiveness and experiences.Materials & MethodsThis review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer‐reviewed and examined acute outreach services dedicated to delivering care to people in nursing homes or long‐term homecare. The service models could also have preventive components. The databases searched were Scopus and CINAHL. In addition, Robins‐I and SIGN checklists were used. The primary outcomes of prevented ED transfers or hospitalisations and the composite outcome of adverse events (mortality/Emergency Medical Service or ED visit after outreach service contact related to the same clinical condition) were graded with GRADE.ResultsFifteen relevant original studies were found—all were observational and focused on nursing homes. The certainty of evidence for acute outreach services with preventive components to prevent ED transfers or hospitalisations was low. Stakeholders were satisfied with these services. The certainty of evidence for solely acute outreach services to prevent ED transfers or hospitalisations was very low and inconclusive. Reporting of adverse events was inconsistent, certainty of evidence for adverse events was low.ConclusionPublished data might support adopting acute outreach services with preventive components for people living in nursing homes to reduce ED transfers, hospitalisations and possibly costs. If an outreach service is started, it is recommended that a cluster‐randomised or quasi‐experimental research design be incorporated to assess the effectiveness and safety of the service. More evidence is also needed on cost‐effectiveness and stakeholders' satisfaction. Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020211048, date of registration: 25.09.2020.
Embedding Experiential Design Knowledge in Interactive Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Wang Ye , Goridkov Nicole , Rao Vivek , Cui Dixun , Grandi Daniele , Goucher-Lambert Kosa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKnowledge collection, extraction, and organization are critical activities in all aspects of the engineering design process. However, it remains challenging to surface and organize design knowledge, which often contains implicit or tacit dimensions that are difficult to capture in a scalable and accessible manner. Knowledge graphs (KGs) have been explored to address this issue, but have been primarily semantic in nature in engineering design contexts, typically focusing on sharing explicit knowledge. Our work seeks to understand knowledge organization during an experiential activity and how it can be transformed into a scalable representation. To explore this, we examine 23 professional designers’ knowledge organization practices as they virtually engage with data collected during a teardown of a consumer product. Using this data, we develop a searchable knowledge graph as a mechanism for representing the experiential knowledge and afford its use in complex queries. We demonstrate the knowledge graph with two extended examples to reveal insights and patterns from design knowledge. These findings provide insight into professional designers’ knowledge organization practices and represent a preliminary step toward design knowledge bases that more accurately reflect designer behavior, ultimately enabling more effective data-driven support tools for design.
Krylov Methods for Large-Scale Dynamical Systems: Application in Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Frantz R. A. S. , Loiseau J.-Ch. , Robinet J.-Ch. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn fluid dynamics, predicting and characterizing bifurcations, from the onset of unsteadiness to the transition to turbulence, is of critical importance for both academic and industrial applications. Different tools from dynamical systems theory can be used for this purpose. In this review, we present a concise theoretical and numerical framework focusing on practical aspects of the computation and stability analyses of steady and time-periodic solutions, with emphasis on high-dimensional systems such as those arising from the spatial discretization of the Navier–Stokes equations. Using a matrix-free approach based on Krylov methods, we extend the capabilities of the open-source high-performance spectral element-based time-stepper Nek5000. The numerical methods discussed are implemented in nekStab, an open-source and user-friendly add-on toolbox dedicated to the study of stability properties of flows in complex three-dimensional geometries. The performance and accuracy of the methods are illustrated and examined using standard benchmarks from the fluid mechanics literature. Thanks to its flexibility and domain-agnostic nature, the methodology presented in this work can be applied to develop similar toolboxes for other solvers, most importantly outside the field of fluid mechanics.
Stress and Coping Experiences of U.K. Professional Football Managers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kent Sofie , Devonport Tracey , Arnold Rachel , Didymus Faye 
Published: January 2023

Guided by transactional stress theory, this study aimed to explore elite U.K. soccer coaches’ perceived stressors, the situational properties, appraisals, and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also aimed to explore any variation in stress experiences across football league standards A total of 13 professional first-team male U.K. association football coaches between 38 and 59 years of age (M = 43.00, SD = 6.94) participated in telephone (n = 5) or online (n = 8) semistructured interviews. Informed by the philosophical position of critical realism, Braun et al.’s six-phase approach to thematic analysis was used to generate competitive, organizational, and personal stressor themes. Deductive thematic analysis generated themes reflective of all situational properties of stressors identified by Lazarus and Folkman and an array of appraisal and coping strategies. Future research and recommendations for supporting coach performance and well-being post-COVID-19 pandemic are offered.
Integrating climate change into nursing curricula and continuing education: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Diallo Thierno , Roberge Martin , Bérubé Anouk , Audate Pierre-Paul 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionClimate change constitutes a major threat to human health. Nurses have an essential role to play in protecting populations from this threat, and to fulfil this role, they must be properly prepared. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine studies on the integration of climate change into the academic curriculum or continuing education of nurses so as to identify issues and opportunities related to this integration.Methods and analysisThe method being used is the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and Levacet al. First, a search strategy using keywords and their combinations will be developed. This strategy will be applied in four bibliographic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science. Second, an initial selection of studies based on titles and abstracts will be carried out by two members of the research team using the software Covidence. They will conduct this selection process independently, with the aim of identifying relevant studies that meet the inclusion criteria for our scoping review. Third, the second stage in the selection process will be carried out by examining the full text of each article to determine which studies to include in the review. Finally, data on year of publication, authors, geographical area, article type, study objectives, methodology and key findings will be extracted from selected articles for analysis. A search of the grey literature will also be conducted to supplement the results of the bibliographic database search. The scoping review is currently ongoing. Identification of relevant literature began in the first quarter of 2022 and is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2023.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this review. The results of this study will be presented in workshops and conferences and be submitted for publication to a peer-reviewed journal.
Effectiveness of systematically delivered evidence-based home safety promotion to improve child home safety practices: a controlled before-and-after study
Authors: Taylor Michael James , Orton Elizabeth , Patel Tina , Timblin Clare , Clarke Rachel , Watson Michael Craig , Hayes Mike , Jones Matthew , Coupland Carol , Kendrick Denise 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveEvaluate the effectiveness of systematically delivered evidence-based home safety promotion for improving child home safety practices.DesignControlled before-and-after study.SettingNine electoral wards in Nottingham, UK.Participants361 families with children aged 2–7 months at recruitment living in four intervention wards with high health, education and social need; and 401 in five matched control wards.InterventionEvidence-based home safety promotion delivered by health visiting teams, family mentors and children’s centres including 24 monthly safety messages; home safety activity sessions; quarterly ‘safety weeks’; home safety checklists.OutcomesPrimary: composite measure comprising having a working smoke alarm, storing poisons out of reach and having a stairgate. Secondary: other home safety practices; medically attended injuries. Parents completed questionnaires at 12 and 24 months after recruitment plus optional three monthly injury questionnaires.ResultsAt 24 months there was no significant difference between groups in the primary outcome (55.8% vs 48.8%; OR 1.58, 95% CI 0.98 to 2.55) or medically attended injury rates (incidence rate ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.56), but intervention families were more likely to store poisons safely (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.07), have a fire escape plan (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.08), use a fireguard or have no fire (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.63 to 6.16) and perform more safety practices (β 0.46, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.79).ConclusionsSystematic evidence-based home safety promotion in areas with substantial need increases adoption of some safety practices. Funders should consider commissioning evidence-based multicomponent child home safety interventions.Trial registration numberISRCTN31210493.
Workers in Australian prebake aluminium smelters: update on risk of mortality and cancer incidence in the Healthwise cohort
Authors: Del Monaco Anthony , Dimitriadis Christina , Xie Sophia , Benke Geza , Sim Malcolm Ross , Walker-Bone Karen 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate mortality and the rates of incident cancer among a cohort of aluminium industry workers.MethodsAmong 4507 male employees who worked in either of two Australian prebake smelters for at least 3 months, data linkage was undertaken with the Australian National Death Index and Australian Cancer Database. Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMRs) and Standardised Incidence Rates (SIRs) were estimated for the whole cohort and for: production; maintenance and office workers. SMRs and SIRs were calculated by time since first employment.ResultsAmong production workers, there was an excess risk of mortality from mesothelioma (SMR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.2), lung (SMR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.8), prostate (SMR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.7) and liver cancer (SMR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.4) and the SIR was also increased for overall respiratory cancers, specifically lung cancers. An excess risk of death from stomach cancer (SMR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.1) and Alzheimer’s disease (SMR 3.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 7.9) was seen among maintenance workers. The overall risk of death was similar to that of the Australian general population, as was mortality from cancers overall and non-malignant respiratory disease.ConclusionsNo excess risk of death from bladder cancer or non-malignant respiratory disease was found. Excess lung cancer mortality and incidence may be explained by smoking and excess mortality from mesothelioma may be explained by asbestos exposure. An excess risk of mortality from liver and prostate cancer has been shown in production workers and requires further investigation.
Disentangling the sources of ionizing radiation in superconducting qubits
Authors: Cardani L. , Colantoni I. , Cruciani A. , De Dominicis F. , D’Imperio G. , Laubenstein M. , Mariani A. , Pagnanini L. , Pirro S. , Tomei C. , Casali N. , Ferroni F. , Frolov D. , Gironi L. , Grassellino A. , Junker M. , Kopas C. , Lachman E. , McRae C. R. H. , Mutus J. , Nastasi M. , Pappas D. P. , Pilipenko R. , Sisti M. , Pettinacci V. , Romanenko A. , Van Zanten D. , Vignati M. , Withrow J. D. , Zhelev N. Z. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRadioactivity was recently discovered as a source of decoherence and correlated errors for the real-world implementation of superconducting quantum processors. In this work, we measure levels of radioactivity present in a typical laboratory environment (from muons, neutrons, and $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays emitted by naturally occurring radioactive isotopes) and in the most commonly used materials for the assembly and operation of state-of-the-art superconducting qubits. We present a GEANT-4 based simulation to predict the rate of impacts and the amount of energy released in a qubit chip from each of the mentioned sources. We finally propose mitigation strategies for the operation of next-generation qubits in a radio-pure environment.
Slowly rotating quantum dust cores and black holes
Authors: Casadio R. , Tabarroni L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe study the effect of rotation on the spectrum of bound states for dust cores that source (quantum) black holes found in Eur. Phys. J. C 82 (2022) 10. The dust ball is assumed to spin rigidly with sufficiently slow angular velocity that perturbation theory can be applied. Like the total mass, the total angular momentum is shown to be quantised in Planck units, hence so is the horizon area. For sufficiently small fraction of mass in the outermost layer, the model admits ground states which can spin fast enough within the perturbative regime so as to describe regular rotating objects rather than black holes.
On p′-degree ℓ-Brauer characters of ℓ-solvable groups
Authors: Tent Joan F. 
Published: January 2023

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be distinct primes, let [Formula: see text] be a finite [Formula: see text]-solvable group and let [Formula: see text]. Then [Formula: see text] has a unique irreducible [Formula: see text]-Brauer character of [Formula: see text]-degree lying over [Formula: see text] if and only if NG (P)/ P is an [Formula: see text]-group. This extends a result from [J., F.,Tent, Correspondences of Brauer characters and Sylow subgroup normalizers, J. Algebra 573 (2021) 436–450] to every odd prime [Formula: see text].
Biocompatibility of Poly-Lactic Acid/Nanohydroxyapatite/Graphene Nanocomposites for Load Bearing Bone Implants
Authors: Michael Feven Mattews , Shee Lim Siew , Raju Gunasundari , Rustagi Sarvesh , Walvekar Rashmi , Chaudhary Vishal , Khalid Mohammad 
Published: January 2023

In this study, poly-lactic acid (PLA), nanohydroxyapatite (NHA), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were blended to develop a nanocomposite material suitable for load-bearing bone implants with the potential for strain-sensing applications. The tensile properties and impact strength of the PLA-NHA nanocomposite were analyzed, as these are crucial biomechanical properties for load-bearing and strain-sensing applications. It was found that the impact strength decreased by 7.9% (0.05 wt% GNP) and 25.7% (0.1 wt% GNP) with increasing GNP loading compared to 0.01 wt% GNP. Besides, the biocompatibility of nanocomposites (PLA-NHA, PLA-mNHA, and PLA-mNHA-GNP) was evaluated through in-vitro analysis by attaching MG63 cells to the nanocomposites and observing their proliferation and differentiation over 7 and 21 days of incubation. The biocompatibility of the prepared nanocomposites was determined based on their ability to attach with MG63 cells, thus allowing the cells to proliferate and enhance their ability to differentiate. Results showed that the PLA-5wt%NHA nanocomposite provided better cell spreading compared to pure PLA, while the PLA-5wt%mNHA nanocomposite had the highest rate of cell proliferation. The biocompatibility of the nanocomposites was further confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) imaging, MTT assays, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays.
Better than RECIST and Faster than iRECIST: Defining the Immunotherapy Progression Decision Score to Better Manage Progressive Tumors on Immunotherapy
Authors: Belkouchi Younes , Talbot Hugues , Lassau Nathalie , Lawrance Littisha , Farhane Siham , Feki-Mkaouar Rahma , Hadchiti Joya , Dawi Lama , Vibert Julien , Cournède Paul-Henry , Cousteix Clara , Mazza Camille , Kind Michele , Italiano Antoine , Marabelle Aurelien , Ammari Samy , Champiat Stephane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurpose:The objective of the study is to propose the immunotherapy progression decision (iPD) score, a practical tool based on patient features that are available at the first evaluation of immunotherapy treatment, to help oncologists decide whether to continue the treatment or switch rapidly to another therapeutic line when facing a progressive disease patient at the first evaluation.Experimental Design:This retrospective study included 107 patients with progressive disease at first evaluation according to RECIST 1.1. Clinical, radiological, and biological data at baseline and first evaluation were analyzed. An external validation set consisting of 31 patients with similar baseline characteristics was used for the validation of the score.Results:Variables were analyzed in a univariate study. The iPD score was constructed using only independent variables, each considered as a worsening factor for the survival of patients. The patients were stratified in three groups: good prognosis (GP), poor prognosis (PP), and critical prognosis (CP). Each group showed significantly different survivals (GP: 11.4, PP: 4.4, CP: 2.3 months median overall survival, P &lt; 0.001, log-rank test). Moreover, the iPD score was able to detect the pseudoprogressors better than other scores. On the validation set, CP patients had significantly worse survival than PP and GP patients (P &lt; 0.05, log-rank test).Conclusions:The iPD score provides oncologists with a new evaluation, computable at first progression, to decide whether treatment should be continued (for the GP group), or immediately changed for the PP and CP groups. Further validation on larger cohorts is needed to prove its efficacy in clinical practice.