bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing method of simultaneously determining 11 triterpene alcohols and analyzing their characteristics in camellia oil
Authors: Li Yonglin , Zhou Shengmin , Dong Yaoyao , Li Qi , Gao Yuan , Yu Xiuzhu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Triterpene alcohol with a series of bioactivities is an important minor compound in camellia oil. Thus, determination and characterization of triterpene alcohol in camellia oil are essential to develop bioactivity of camellia oil. Herein, a method that simultaneously determines 11 triterpene alcohols was developed and validated; samples of different production areas and oil processing methods were determined. Storage and thermal stability of triterpene alcohol were characterized. Results showed that proposed method had good sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and robustness, with linearity, LOD, LOQ, spike recovery, and RSD of 0.9964‒0.9989, 0.14‒5.53 mg/kg, 0.45‒18.44 mg/kg, 82.90%‒108.51%, and 4.38%‒12.69%, respectively. Oils processed with low press flux, cold press, and aqueous extraction had high triterpene alcohol contents. As for stability, although triterpene alcohol would fluctuate like sterol, they were stable during storage and degraded during heating. Our study can be used as reference for triterpene alcohol determination and development of functional oil containing triterpene alcohol.
CRISPR-targeted transposable element insertion for efficient plant genome engineering
Authors: Liu Peng , Panda Kaushik , Edwards Seth , Yi Hochul , Pandesha Pratheek , Hung Yu-Hung , Swanson Ryan , Klaas Gerald , Ye Xudong , Veena Veena , Gilbertson Larry , Hancock C. Nathan , Slotkin R. Keith 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The current technologies to place new DNA into specific locations in plant genomes are low frequency and error-prone, and this inefficiency hampers genome editing approaches to develop improved crops. Often considered genome ‘parasites’, transposable elements (TEs) evolved to insert their DNA seamlessly into genomes. TEs select their site of insertion based on preferences for chromatin contexts, which differ for each TE type. We developed a genome engineering tool that controls the TE insertion site and cargo delivered, taking advantage of the TE’s natural ability to precisely insert into the genome. Inspired by CRISPR-associated transposases (CASTs) that target transposition in a programmable manner in bacteria, we generated a synthetic CAST by fusing the rice Pong TE transposase protein to the Cas9 or CPF1 programmable nucleases. We demonstrated sequence-specific targeted delivery (guided by the CRISPR gRNA) of enhancer elements, an open reading frame and gene expression cassette into the genome of the model plant Arabidopsis. We additionally translated this system into soybean, a major global crop in need of targeted insertion technology. We have engineered a TE ‘parasite’ into a usable and accessible toolkit that enables the sequence-specific targeting of custom DNA into plant genomes.
Hierarchical Embedding Methods for Large-scale Complex Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Tong Weiming , Chu Xu , Li Zhongwei , Jin Xianji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In large-scale complex knowledge graphs (KGs) for knowledge reasoning, most existing methods ignore the hierarchical features of KGs, limiting their efficiency in recommender systems, information retrieval, and intelligent Q&A systems by their discrete nature. Based on the translation-based knowledge graph embedding method, this paper proposes a hierarchical embedding method for large-scale complex KGs, which encodes the semantics of entity representations through continuous bag-of-word (CBOW) and convolutional neural network (CNN) models. At the same time, the hierarchies are used as regularization terms to constrain the learning of entity embeddings. After that, the model joint loss function is designed to combine the descriptive loss function of the entity and the hierarchical loss function through the equilibrium coefficients, and the model optimal equilibrium coefficients are determined adaptively. Finally, we conducted experiments on the benchmark dataset and the constructed domain dataset, and the experimental results show that our method can capture meaningful hierarchical information, which is superior to representative knowledge graph reasoning methods and improves the performance of link prediction.
Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Effect of Lipopeptide Derivatives of Lycosin-I
Authors: Liu Xiaohua , Zhang Peng , Liu Yuan , Li Jing , Yang Dongqian , Liu Zhonghua , Jiang Liping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Conclusions: Appropriate fatty acid modification can improve the serum stability of Lycosin-I and enhance the in vivo anti-Toxoplasma gondii effect of Lycosin-I. These results suggest that the lipopeptide derivative of Lycosin-Ⅰ have the potential as a novel drug candidate of anti- T. gondii.
Background: Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), is a serious zoonotic parasitic disease. Due to the side effects and drug resistance of clinical medications for toxoplasmosis, it is urgent to develop new anti-toxoplasmosis drugs. In our previous study, we found that Lycosin-I exhibited anti- T. gondii activity both in vitro and in vivo, but its serum stability in vivo was not good enough. In this study, we aimed to improve the stability and activity of Lycosin-I through fatty acid modification, so as to find a better anti- T. gondii targeting drug candidate.
Methods: The α/ε-amino radicals of different lysine residues of Lycosin-Ⅰ were covalently coupled with lauric acid to obtain eight lipopeptides, namely L-C12, L-C12-1, L-C12-2, L-C12-3, L-C12-4, L-C12-5, L-C12-6, L-C12-7. The anti-T. gondii activity of these lipopeptides in vitro was screened using Trypan blue assay. The anti-T. gondii effects of Lycosin-I, L-C12 and L-an were evaluated by invasion assay, proliferation assay and plaque assay in vitro. A mouse model acutely infected with T. gondii was established to evaluate their efficacy in vivo.
Results: Among these eight lipopeptides, L-C12 showed the best activity against T. gondii in vitro. We then conjugated a shorter length fatty chain, aminocaproic acid, at the same modification site of L-C12, namely L-an. The serum stability of L-C12 and L-an was improved, and they showed comparable or even better activity than Lycosin-I in inhibiting the invasion, proliferation and migration of T. gondii tachyzoites. L-an effectively prolonged the survival time of mice acutely infected with T. gondii.
Phylofloristics: visual analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace
Authors: Yang Xinxin , Zhang Zhang Shujun , Luo Jian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The study of phylogenetic zones of plants provides a good insight into the biogeographic and ecological processes of zone formation and a clear understanding of the nature and origin of biodiversity hotspots. The literature in the Web of Science core dataset was analyzed using bibliometric methods combined with CiteSpace 5.0, VOSviewer 1.6.18 visualization software, and Excel software to reveal the characteristics, hotspots, and evolutionary trends of this field over the past 35 years. The research on plant phylogenetic systematics has been increasing at home and abroad, and the main research force is mainly in the United States. Among these research institutions, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has published more frequently than other institutions and conducted a considerable among of research in this field. The relevant research conducted in this field is mainly focused on ecology, with significant interdisciplinary characteristics and the closest connection between ecology and other disciplines. The hotspot research topics at each stage are closely related in the field of plant phylogenetic systematics. These topics at each stage have a strong knowledge transmission relationship in the field of plant phylogeny and show a trend of further development based on the original foundation. In the future, the cross-fertilization of disciplines will be further promoted to realize the following objectives: strengthen mechanistic studies, combine different research methods of phylogenetic tree construction and model prediction in different phyla, understand the dynamic changes of plant communities, ecosystems, and global scale biodiversity from new perspectives, and provide the scientific basis for effective conservation of species and clarification of the evolutionary history and formation mechanism of phyla. Thus, it is still a popular research direction in the field of plant phylogenetic systematics.
Heavy metals contamination of soil irrigated with treated waste water in a semi-arid region, case of Sfax, Tunisia
Authors: Abidi Mouna , Bachtouli Sarra , Ali Zouheira Ibn , Zairi Moncef 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

In arid and semi-arid regions, the use of unconventional water such treated domestic waste water as an alternative water resource in crop irrigation became a common practice. This study investigates the effect of using treated waste water (TWW) for irrigation on Heavy metal (HM) soil contamination. In the other hand, face to the growing concern about contamination risks, the present study aims to quantify the effect of irrigation, for a long time period, with TWW on heavy metals accumulation in soil. The HDRUS-1D model is applied to simulate the transport of Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Fe in two soils types irrigated with TWW in Sfax, Tunisia as a case study. The prediction of HM concentrations in the Calcisol over 30 years shows that, over time, the amount of metals propagates more and more in depth. The enrichment is more notable in the surface layer in the case of Cr, Cu and Ni and it affects the entire soil profile in the case of Zn and Fe. In the case of Fluvisol, the HM enrichment is located in the deep sandy layers. A greater growth of the amount of metals in Fluvisol than Calcisol is observed. Even though the TWW content of HM is below Tunisian standard for irrigation, their accumulation in soil need continuous monitoring. The choice of irrigation by TWW will not considers only the water quality but also the type of soil and its ability to accumulate metals.
Spatial patterns of native Robinia pseudoacacia and invasive Ailanthus altissima and their influence on regeneration, abundance, and diversity of neighboring trees at local and regional scales
Authors: Nilsen Erik T. , Huebner Cynthia D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Context. Native early-successional plants and invasive exotic plants often colonize the same disturbed space and have similar functions, making interactions likely. Knowing whether these interactions are facilitative or competitive across different scales will help determine the influence of such species across a forested landscape. Objective. We evaluated the impacts of an early-successional, nitrogen-fixing native (facilitator),Robinia pseudoacacia,and an allelopathic invasive (inhibitor),Ailanthus altissima,on regeneration, basal area, and diversity of forests at local and regional scales. Methods.Locally, all woody stems were mapped in three post-disturbance, mid-successional plots at two sites in Virginia, US. Plots containedA. altissimaorR. pseudoacaciaor both. Target species were evaluated regionally and spatially using USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis data across 31 eastern states, US. Results.Spatial contagion was found betweenA. altissimaandR. pseudoacaciaat both scales. Regeneration ofA. altissimawas much greater than that ofR. pseudoacaciabut native tree regeneration was negatively associated with both target species. Regionally,R. pseudoacaciawas more common thanA. altissima. At both scales,A. altissimawas more likely to form dense stands thanR. pseudoacacia. Locally, plot types did not differ in tree diversity. Regionally,R. pseudoacaciaplots had higher tree diversity than plots without either target species. Conclusions.Robinia pseudoacaciaandA. altissima’s positive association is maintained into mid- and late-successional forests andA. altissimainhibits regeneration locally and regionally.Robinia pseudoacaciashows a positive effect on diversity but only when compared with mature forests at the regional scale.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Perfluoropropane after Intra-venous Bolus Injection of Definity in Healthy Chinese Volunteers
Authors: Li Pengfei , Du Ping , Peng Jun , Zhao Zhixia , Li Huiling , Yu Weiyue , Wang Shumin , Liu Lihong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and Objective: Definity is an ultrasound contrast agent consisting of phospholipids-encapsulated perfluoropropane (PFP), also known as perflutren, microspheres, which is initially designed to enhance echocardiographic ultrasound images. With no pharmacologic action, Definity can increase the backscatter of ultrasound resulting enhanced ultrasound signals. The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics (PKs), Pharmacodynamics (PDs) and safety of Definity in healthy male and female Chinese volunteers.
Methods: A simple GC-MS method was developed and applied to simultaneously quantify PFP both in human whole blood and in expired air using Perfluorobutane (PFB) as internal standard. Meanwhile, the blood microbubble Doppler intensities were continuously monitored as companion PDs by a Doppler ultrasonography system using a non-imaging method.
Results: After intravenous infusion of 10 µL/kg of PFP within 30 seconds, the mean AUClast of the pharmacokinetic analysis set was 0.000653 (uL/mL)*min, the average AUC∞ was 0.001051 (uL/mL)*min. The main coefficient of variation of parameters were within 30%. In this trial, the blood drug concentration of female subjects was lower than that of males. Female Cmax, AUClast and AUC∞ were lower than males’, Tmax and t1/2 was close to males’, Vss and CL were slightly higher than males’. The concentration of PFP in the expired air of the subject reached the maximum value 1-2 minutes after administration and the PFP accumulation curve in the expired air began to become flat at 9.5-11 minutes after administration. The PFP in the expired air at the last sampling point of most subjects was still measurable. The results of the analysis showed that female subjects had slightly more and faster PFP excretion via the lungs than males. The change of blood drug concentration in this trial was related to the change process of Doppler signal intensity. The trend of the two was close, but the peak time of blood drug concentration was slightly delayed compared with the peak time of the Doppler signal intensity. The results showed that female tmax-pd, t10 was earlier than male, and women have lower AUCpd than men.
Conclusion: The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Definity in blood and expired air were systematically evaluated for the first time in this study. The PK/PD analysis results of this trial showed that the change of blood concentration was related to the change process of Doppler signal intensity, the trend of the two was close and expired air are the main excretion pathways of Definity. Definity was well tolerated by all subjects in the trial.
A protein extracted from Metagonimus yokogawai alleviates inflammation in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Won Eun Jeong , Lee Yu Jeong , Kim Moon-Ju , Lee Hae-In , Jang Hyun Hee , Kim Seong Hoon , Yoo Hee Min , Cho Namki , Ahn Min Joo , Shim Seung Cheol , Kim Tae-Jong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Helminth infections and their components has been recognized to have a positive impact on the immune system. This study aimed to investigate the potential of Metagonimus yokogawai-derived proteins (MYp) to provide protection against ankylosing spondylitis (AS) through modulation of immune responses.
Methods
The cytotoxicity of MYp at various doses was first assessed using MTS and flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from AS patients, and the production of inflammatory cytokines was analyzed through flow cytometry. In the experiments with SKG mice, MYp or vehicle was administered and inflammation was evaluated through immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
The results showed that MYp did not decrease cell viability of PBMCs even after 48 hours. Additionally, the frequencies of IFN-γ and IL-17A producing cells were significantly reduced after MYp treatment in the PBMC cultures. In the SKG mouse model, MYp treatment could reduce serum levels of INF- γ, IL-17A, and TNF-α. Overall, MYp treatment significantly suppressed arthritis and enthesitis in the SKG mouse model.
Conclusions
The results suggest the first evidence that MYp can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and restore cytokine balance in patients with AS.
Assessment of 3D acetabular offset in total hip arthroplasty using conventional reaming technique
Authors: Kozu Takashi , Hisatome Takashi , Takata Akihito , Fujimaki Hirohisa , Nakanishi Kazuyoshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Reconstruction of the hip center and appropriate offset is meaningful in total hip arthroplasty (THA). In our institution, THA is performed using the anterolateral supine (ALS) approach with intraoperative fluoroscopy, wherein the acetabulum is reamed using the conventional reaming technique. This study aimed to investigate and review 3D acetabular offset in ALS-THA and compare changes between the post-THA and the normal hips.
Methods: Seventy-three patients with unilateral disease and 73 joints (mean age 62.8 years, all female patients) underwent ALS-THA using the conventional reaming technique with intraoperative fluoroscopy at the same institution. The acetabular medial offset (AMO), acetabular superior offset (ASO), and acetabular anterior offset (AAO, posterior +) were measured, and the amount of change in the unaffected hip joint and implanted hip joint was examined.
Results: The mean AMO (±SD) in the normal hip was 33.8 mm (±1.6), the mean ASO (±SD) was 14.3 mm (±1.6), and the mean AAO (±SD) was 1.2 mm (±1.1). the mean AMO (±SD) in the implanted hip was 27.5 mm (±1.2), the mean ASO (±SD) was 16.8 mm (±1.8), and the AAO (±SD) was 3.7 mm (±0.9) in THA.
There was a significant difference between the unaffected side and the post-THA offset in the AMO, ASO, and AAO groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.03 respectively). The difference in mean values between the normal side and the THA side was ΔAMO (±SD)6.3 mm (±1.9), ΔASO (±SD) 2.5 mm (±1.2), and ΔAAO (±SD) 2.4 mm (±1.0).
Conclusion: 3D-CT was used to evaluate the acetabular offset by comparing the post-THA and normal hips after unilateral ALS-THA. Under fluoroscopic reaming, the center of rotation of the hip joint moved inward, upward, and backward.
Trial Registration: retrospectively registered
Efficacy and adverse effects of different immunotherapy in the elderly
Authors: yang yunxin , Mi Song , Liu li , Yuan Meng , Wang Hang , Wang Chenlin , Chen Yanfei , Liang Ning , Deng Guodong , Hu Pingping , Zhang Jiandong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We rely on the Food and Drug Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to evaluate the medication status of immunotherapy in the elderly, and the efficacy and safety of different immunotherapy strategies by mining large samples and real-world data. The present study included 19,446 patients over 65 years of age with NSCLC in the FAERS database from January 2015 to December 2022. The definition of adverse events (AEs) relied on the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). Statistical analysis was performed, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The 65–74 age group comprised 12,878(66.2%) individuals and 6,566(33.8%) individuals ≥ 75 years. Combined chemotherapy in the elderly ≥ 75 years and Bevacizumab in the elderly ≥ 80 years of age are optimal for both efficacy and adverse effects. Combined chemotherapy delayed disease progression and reduced mortality in ≥ 75 years of age were OR,0.68 (95% CI,0.56–0.89) and OR,0.75 (95% CI,0.57–0.99) respectively. Combined Bevacizumab delayed disease progression in ≥ 80 years of age were OR,0.24 (95% CI,0.08–0.67) although there was no statistical significance in reducing mortality. Treatment with ICIs in combination with other agents in very elderly populations has demonstrated improved survival benefits. The reason for the discrepancy with the clinical studies may be that older adults over 75 or even over 80 years of age do not meet enrollment requirements. It is expected that the upper age limit for enrollment will also increase as the aging era advances further.
A novel feature selection algorithm for IoT networks intrusion detection system based on parallel CNN-LSTM model
Authors: Farkhady Roya Zareh , Majidzadeh Kambiz , Masdari Mohammad , Ghaffari Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

As the Internet of Things networks expand globally, it is becoming increasingly important to protect against threats. one of the main reasons for the high number of false positives and low detection rates is the presence of redundant and irrelevant features. To address this problem, we propose a binary chimpanzee optimization algorithm for the feature selection process. This paper presents accurate network-based intrusion detection network, named parallel convolutional neural network long and short-term memory network branch, which has two branches. The input vector of the network is permuted in a 3-dimention space. This allows the model to extract highly discriminative features using a small number of layers. On the second branch, we used long and short-term memory network in parallel. The efficacy of the proposed deep model has been evaluated using three benchmark internet of things intrusion detection datasets, namely ToN-IoT, UNSW-NB15, and IoTID20 datasets. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed binary chimpanzee optimization approach reduces about 60% of features, and the effectiveness of the proposed model was demonstrated by experimental results showing a high detection rate, high accuracy, and a relatively low false positive rate, which are measured as 99.54%, 99.56%, and 0.024 in the ToN-IoT and 99.79%, 99.78%, and 0.0032 in UNSW-NB15 and 100%, 100%, and zero in IoTID20 datasets, respectively.