bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High resolution full-field optical coherence tomography microscope for the evaluation of freshly excised skin specimens during Mohs surgery: A feasibility study
Authors: Jain Manu , Chang Shu-Wen , Singh Kiran , Kurtansky Nicholas R. , Huang Sheng-Lung , Chen Homer H. , Chen Chih-Shan Jason 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Histopathology for tumor margin assessment is time-consuming and expensive. High-resolution full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) images fresh tissues rapidly at cellular resolution and potentially facilitates evaluation. Here, we define FF-OCT features of normal and neoplastic skin lesions in fresh ex vivo tissues and assess its diagnostic accuracy for malignancies. For this, normal and neoplastic tissues were obtained from Mohs surgery, imaged using FF-OCT, and their features were described. Two expert OCT readers conducted a blinded analysis to evaluate their diagnostic accuracies, using histopathology as the ground truth. A convolutional neural network was built to distinguish and outline normal structures and tumors. Of the 113 tissues imaged, 95 (84%) had a tumor (75 BCCs and 17 SCCs). The average reader diagnostic accuracy was 88.1%, with, a sensitivity of 93.7%, and a specificity of 58.3%. The AI model achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 87.6%±5.9%, sensitivity of 93.2%±2.1%, and specificity of 81.2%±9.2%. A mean intersection-over-union of 60.3%±10.1% was achieved when delineating the nodular BCC from normal structures. Limitation of the study was the small sample size for all tumors, especially SCCs. However, based on our preliminary results, we envision FF-OCT to rapidly image fresh tissues, facilitating surgical margin assessment. AI algorithms can aid in automated tumor detection, enabling widespread adoption of this technique.
Robot-assisted laparoscopic varicocelectomy in a pediatric population
Authors: Reinhardt Susanne , Thorup Jorgen , Joergensen Peter Hjorth , Fode Mikkel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To present our experience with robot-assisted laparoscopic varicocelectomy in a pediatric population.
Methods: We reviewed 49 consecutive cases performed by the same experienced surgeon. One to four veins were ligated at the internal ring of the inguinal canal, while the testicular artery and lymphatics were spared. Information on patient characteristics, surgical time, complications, and recurrences were collected.
Results: Median patient age was 14 (range 10 – 17) years. Forty-eight had left sided varicoceles and one had a bilateral varicocele. Forty-five were grade 3. All patients were referred due to discomfort/pain and 20 also had reduced testicular size. The median operating time from skin incision was 48 minutes (31 – 89 minutes) and the median console time was 18 minutes (7 – 55 minutes). Forty-seven patients were discharged the same day. Two patients experienced pain and problems urinating respectively. These issues had resolved by the first postoperative day. There were no other complications, but at 6 month, eight recurrences were noted (16%). Scrotal complaints had subsided in all patients. Catch-up growth of the affected testicles was seen in 19/20 cases.
Conclusion: Robot-assisted laparoscopic varicocelectomy is feasible and safe in a pediatric population but with a relatively high recurrence rate.
Increased of Fascin1 and Pak1 expression enhances age-associated B cell actin cytoskeleton remodeling
Authors: Fujiwara Mitsuhiro , Kondo Ryohei , Sugiyama Yuma , Maruyama Mitsuo , Nishikimi Akihiko 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: An atypical B cell subset of age-associated B cells (ABCs) accumulate with age in mice and humans. ABCs acquire the ability to secrete antibodies and inflammatory cytokines in response to TLR7 and TLR9, and present antigens to T cells more efficiently than follicular (FO) B cells, which promotes the development of pathogenic phenotypes in aged individuals.
Results:In this study, we demonstrated that actin cytoskeleton remodeling is enhanced in ABCs compared to FO B cells. ABCs showed higher motility across Transwell membranes and 3-dimensional (3D) collagen gels, without chemoattractants. Due to chemokine receptor expression remodeling, ABCs were attracted by CXCL12 and CCL21 rather than CXCL13. Among F-actin remodeling-related factors, expression levels of Fascin1 and Pak1 were increased in ABCs. In the presence of a Pak1 inhibitor, IPA3, migration of ABCs in both Transwell chambers and 3D-collagen gels was significantly attenuated. In contrast, a Fascin1 inhibitor, migrastatin, only reduced ABC migration in the 3D collagen gel. The ability to present antigens to T cells was also enhanced in ABCs, in which the Fascin1 mediated pathway is implicated.
Conclusion: Increased expression of Fascin1 and Pak1 enhances actin cytoskeleton remodeling in ABCs, promoting motility and antigen presentation. With these phenotypes, ABCs efficiently uptake and present antigens to T cells, and disperse easily within secondary lymphoid tissues.
Targeting and sensitizing MDR cancer by an MMP2 and pH dual- responsive ZnO-based nanomedicine
Authors: Zhou Qing , Zhang Li , Li Yujiao , Wang Jiao , He Xiaolu , Zhang Jieyu , Qiao Youbei , Wu Hong , Zhu Lin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been known as a therapeutic agent and drug delivery system for treating various diseases, including infectious diseases and cancer. However, due to the low biocompatibility, short in vivo half-life, and potential toxicity, the previous studies on ZnO NPs were mainly focused on their in vitro applications. The effective and safe ZnO NP systems which can be used for in vivo drug delivery have been rarely reported. In this study, we developed a novel dual-responsive hybrid ZnO NP (ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE) consisted of the ZnO NPs, phospholipid (DPPG), and enzyme-sensitive amphiphilic polymer (PEG-pp-PE), which could respond to both tumoral matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and intracellular acidic pH, for tumor-targeted drug delivery and multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer treatment. The dual-responsive ZnO NPs (ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE) could easily load the model drug, doxorubicin (DOX) and showed excellent physicochemical properties, stability, and MMP2 and pH dual sensitivity. The ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE/DOX showed the MMP2-dependent cellular uptake, enhanced cell penetration, and improved anticancer activity in the MDR cancer cells and their spheroids. In the MDR tumor-bearing mice, the ZnO/DPPG/PEG-pp-PE/DOX improved the biocompatibility, tumor targetability, and anticancer activity of DOX and ZnO without significant toxicity compared to the free DOX, ZnO/DOX, and nonsensitive ZnO NPs. The data suggested that the dual-sensitive ZnO-based nanomedicine could be a promising delivery system for targeted drug delivery and therapy against the MDR cancer.
Structural evidence of the conversion of nitric oxide (NO) to nitrite ion (NO2‾) by lactoperoxidase (LPO): Structure of the complex of LPO with NO2‾ at 1.89Å resolution
Authors: Viswanathan V , Ahmad Md. Irshad , Singh Prashant K. , Ahmad Nayeem , Sharma Pradeep , Lodha Rakesh , Sharma Sujata , Singh Tej P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Lactoperoxidase (LPO, E.C. 1.11.1.7) is a heme containing enzyme of the innate immune system which uses hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to catalyze the conversion of substrates into antimicrobial products. It is found in the body extracellular fluids including plasma, saliva, airway epithelial lining fluids, nasal lining fluid, milk, tears and gastric juices. Previously, we had shown structurally that LPO converted substrates, thiocyanate (SCN‾) and iodide (I‾) ions into oxidized products hypothiocyanite (OSCN‾) and hypoiodite (IO‾) ions respectively. We report here a new structure of the complex of LPO with NO2‾ showing that LPO converts nitric oxide (NO) into an oxidized product nitrite (NO2‾) ion. NO2‾ was produced using the two step reaction of LPO by adding hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the first step and then introducing the NO gas in 0.1M phosphate buffer at pH 6.8. The resulting mixture was crystallized using 20% (w/v) PEG-3350 and 0.2M ammonium iodide at pH 6.8. The structure determination showed the presence of NO2‾ ion in the distal heme cavity of the substrate binding channel. The structure further revealed that the propionate group attached to pyrrole ring C of the heme moiety was split into two positions. Similarly, the side chain of the covalently linked Asp108 was also split into two components. As a result of these changes, the conformation of the side chain of Arg255 also changed to gain interactions with the disordered carboxylic group of propionate moiety. The observed structural changes indicate the presence of an intermediate in the reaction pathway.
Molecular mechanism of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer against renal fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis
Authors: Feng Ya-long , Cai Hui-min , Zhao Hui , Zhang Xin-yu , Wang Lu-qing , Cai Lu-lu , Wang Wenlei , Shan You-ling , Wang Wen-bo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Renal fibrosis (RF) cause a high morbidity and mortality, while the therapeutic drugs are needed. Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (PG) was used to treat RF for a long history in China. However, the bioactive components and their corresponding mechanisms are still unclear, which limit the further use of PG. In this study, the potential active components of PG and their corresponding mechanisms against RF were investigated. The triterpene components of PG were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, and the potential targets of these compounds were predicted with Swiss Target Prediction and Super-PRED tools. The targets related to RF were retrieved through the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The overlapping targets of RF and PG were obtained by Venn diagram. Then, a protein-protein interaction network were constructed by the overlapping targets through the STRING platform and Cytoscape software. The Gene Ontology (GO) functional analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis of the overlapping targets were performed with Metascape database. An active component-core targets-pathways-RF network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.6.1 software. Finally, molecular docking analysis was performed between the active components and core targets by Autodock vina or Ledock software. A total of 49 triterpene components of PG were screened, and 433 targets were identified to be closely related to RF. The five core targets of PG against RF were identified as STAT3, MAPK3, MAPK1, HSP90AA1 and AKT1. The GO analysis revealed that the significant biological processes including protein phosphorylation and responding to hormone, peptide and nitrogen compound. The KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that the signaling pathways of PI3K-AKT, calcium, HIF-1, cAMP, MAPK play a key role in the therapeutic effect of PG on RF. In addition, the five compounds were suggested as the key ingredients of PG against RF, including panaxatriol, ginsenoside Rh4, pseudoginsenoside R11, panaxadioland 20-(R)-protopanaxatriol. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the five active components could bind to the active sites of the core targets. The triterpenes of PG may act on STAT3, MAPK3, MAPK1, HSP90AA1 and AKT1 against RF, which will provide a new insight for illustrating the pharmacological basis and mechanism of PG against RF.
Return to Work in Policing: A qualitative study
Authors: Eerd Dwayne Van , Pouésard Morgane Le , Yanar Basak , Irvin Emma , Gignac Monique , Jetha Arif , Morose Tanya , Tompa Emile 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Police work includes being exposed to challenging and traumatic situations that can result in physical and/or psychological injuries requiring time off work. Safe return to work (RTW) is critical, yet little is known about current RTW practices in police services. This study examines RTW practices and experiences from the perspective of workplace RTW personnel and workers (sworn and civilian) in police services with physical and/or psychological health conditions.
Methods
A purposive sampling approach was used to recruit sworn and civilian members in several Canadian police services with a variety of roles who had experienced RTW either as a worker with a work-related injury/illness or those who supported RTW in the service. Interviews were conducted and transcribed for analyses. Qualitative research methods were used to identify themes in the data.
Results
Five overarching themes emerged. Two themes pointed to the context and culture of police services and included discussions related to RTW processes, injury/illness complexity, the hierarchical nature of the police culture, and a culture of stoicism and stigma. The remaining three themes were about RTW processes of accommodation, communication, and trust-building. Within these themes, recovery from injury/illness, meaningful accommodation, timely clear communication, malingering, and trust were described.
Conclusions
Our findings point to potential improvements to RTW practices in police services related to flexibility, clarity, confidentiality, and reducing stigma. Future research on RTW practices for psychological injuries is required to help inform policy and practice.
Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome But Not ADHD Symptoms Predict Child Body Mass Index: Examination in a Sample of Clinically Referred Youth
Authors: Roberts Delanie K. , Sarver Dustin E. , Elder Domynic D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Given the substantial increase in pediatric obesity rates in recent decades, its long-term stability, and its pervasive negative outcomes, continuous efforts to identify factors that may place children at increased risk for overweight or obesity (OW/OB) are essential. As such, the primary aim of the present investigation was to examine the extent to which symptoms of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS; i.e., Sluggish Cognitive Tempo) predict child body mass index (BMI) independent of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study is the first to examine whether CDS subdomains of slowed thinking, hypoarousal, and daydreamy predict BMI. Analyses included data from 72 clinically-referred children (46 males, 26 females) aged 4 to 12 years old (M = 8.41, SD = 2.48). CDS and ADHD were assessed using standardized parent-report rating scales, and children’s BMI was collected at the time of encounter. Bayesian hierarchical regression models revealed no evidence that overall CDS symptoms or ADHD symptoms (overall and subdomain) predicted child BMI. However, models did provide moderate evidence that hypoarousal and daydream subdomains jointly predicted BMI independent of ADHD (BF10 = 19.28–21.87). The present study suggests that CDS is a risk factor of obesity in young children and future research is needed to inform clinical interventions and to provide further understanding of the relatively nuanced association between CDS symptoms and obesity.
Overexpression of SEZ6L2 Is associated with unfavourable prognosis and Immune infiltrates in breast cancer
Authors: Ding Liangfu , Zeng Jilin , Zhao Junyong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) is the most usual global malignancya and the leading cause of high proportion deaths. SEZ6L2 was revealed to be expressed in different cancers varies. Nevertheless, the prognostic values of SEZ6L2 and association with immune infiltrates in BRCA are still unclear.
Methods
In our study, the transcriptional expression profiles of SEZ6L2 and clinical information of BRCA patients were gained from TCGA platform and HPA databases. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the influence of SEZ6L2 on overall survival(OS) and Progress Free Interval(PFI) in BRCA patients. The biological functions and potential mechanism of SEZ6L2 were investigated by functional enrichment analyses and network analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPI). In the end, tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and tumor-immune system interaction database (TISIDB) were chosen to investigate the relevance of SEZ6L2 to tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
Results
The expression of SEZ6L2 was significantly up-regulated in BRCA tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression SEZ6L2 is associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox analysis identified SEZ6L2 as an independent poor prognostic factor in BRCA. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that enriched pathways included multiple pathways included the complement activation, humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin, protein activation cascade, immunoglobulin complex and immunoglobulin. In addition, the SEZ6L2 expression was closely correlated to the infiltration levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells(TIICs), included CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, B cell, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Furthermore, we revealed a potential relationship between SEZ6L2 expression and the diverse marker genes of TIICs.
Conclusion
Increased SEZ6L2 mRNA expression is significantly correlated with negative prognosis and immune infiltrates in breast invasive carcinoma. SEZ6L2 maybe a novel prognostic biomarker and potential immune therapy target in BRCA.
Latent Autism Spectrum Disorder Identification in Females by Eating Disorder Professionals
Authors: Parsons Marissa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Importance: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and eating disorders (ED) cooccur at high rates, with ASD impacting the efficacy of ED treatments and outcomes. Females are underdiagnosed with ASD and diagnosed later in life than their male counterparts.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to define the incidence of eating disorder professionals identifying ASD in female adolescents and young adults engaged in treatment for an ED.
Design: The research design is a cross-sectional retrospective records review. The charts reviewed were from the medical records of forty assigned-at-birth females between the ages of 13-25 who received treatment for an ED at the partial hospitalization program (PHP) level of care between 2020 and 2022.
Main Outcomes: Upon entering PHP for an ED, 10% of the study participants had a pre-existing diagnosis of ASD. A total of 27.5% of participants had clinical suspicion of ASD. The number of autism traits that an individual possessed directly correlated with the number of calendar days in treatment.
Conclusion: ED professionals in this study identified ASD in 17.5% of adolescent and young adult females who entered PHP treatment for an ED who had not previously been diagnosed with ASD. ED professionals can anticipate that individuals with ASD may be in treatment for a longer duration. Further studies should explore effective treatment measures for those with ASD in treatment for an ED.
Hayling and Stroop Tests Tap Dissociable Deficits and Network-Level Neural Correlates
Authors: Moore Margaret Jane , Byrne Jessica , Gibson Emily C. , Ford Lucy , Robinson Gail A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although many executive function screens have been developed, it is not yet clear whether these assessments are equally effective in detecting post-stroke deficits of initiation and inhibition. This study presents a comparative analysis of the Stroop and Hayling Tests aiming to evaluate whether these tests measure the same underlying cognitive functions and to identify the neural correlates of the deficits detected by both tasks. 66 stroke survivors and 70 healthy ageing controls completed the Hayling and Stroop Tests. Stroke patients were found to exhibit qualitative performance differences across analogous Stroop and Hayling Test metrics intended to tap initiation and inhibition. The Stroop Test was found to have high specificity to abnormal performance, but low sensitivity relative to the Hayling Test. Minimal overlap was present between the network-level correlates of analogous Stroop and Hayling Test metrics. Hayling Task strategy use metrics were significantly associated with distinct patterns of disconnection in stroke survivors, providing novel insight into the neural correlates of fine-grained behavioural patterns. Overall, these findings strongly suggest that the functions tapped by the Stroop and Hayling Test are both behaviourally and anatomically dissociable. The Hayling Test was found to offer improved sensitivity and detail relative to the Stroop Test. This novel demonstration of the Hayling Test within the stroke population suggests that this task represents an effective measure for quantifying post-stroke initiation and inhibition deficits.
Intelligent Novel Approach for Identification of Alcohol Consumers using Incremental Hidden Layer Neurons ANN (IHLN-ANN)-Based Model on Vowelized Voice Dataset
Authors: Terlapu Panduranga Vital 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Alcohol consumption can have impacts on the voice, and excessive consumption can lead to long-term damage to the vocal cords. A new procedure to automatically detect alcohol drinkers using vowel vocalizations is an earlier and lower-cost method than other alcohol drinker-detecting models and equipment. The hidden parameters of vowel sounds (such as frequency, jitter, shimmer, harmonic ratio, etc.) are significant for recognizing individuals who drink or do not drink. In this research, we analyze 509 multiple vocalizations of the vowels (/a, /e, /i, /o, and /u) from 290 multiple records of 46 drinkers and 219 multiple records of 38 non-drinkers. The age group is 22 to 34 years. Apply the 10-fold cross-validation vowelized dataset on intelligent machine learning models and incremental hidden layer neurons of artificial neural networks (IHLN-ANNs) with backpropagation. The findings showed that experimental ML models such as Naïve Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), k-NN, SVM, and C4.5 (Tree) performed well. The RF model performed best, with 95.3% accuracy. We also applied the incremental hidden layer (HL) neurons BP-ANNs model (from 2 to 5). In this analysis, accuracy increased proportionally with the incremental neurons (2–5) in the HL of the ANN. At the moment of 5 neurons HL ANN, the model performed with a highly accurate 99.4% without an over-fit problem. It will implement smartphone apps for caution and alerts for alcohol consumers to avoid accidents. Voice analysis has been explored as a non-invasive and cost-effective means of identifying alcohol consumers.
Novel microencapsulated soil conditioner: improving utilization efficiency of core materials and yield of cabbages
Authors: Wentong Lu , Caiyan Wang , Jincheng Wang , Zuo Wang , Jibo Sun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Microencapsulated soil conditioner (MSC) with water-soluble core and natural polymer shell can be used to solve the problems of soil about over-fertilization and low efficiency. Fulvic acid (FA) is a kind of purified humic acid, which possesses the characteristics of water-solubility, fertilizer maintenance and expedient monitoring. The MSC containing FA was prepared by double emulsion and ion crosslinking methods. Structure analysis revealed that the MSC owned a particle size between 1.58 and 2.14 mm with a similar round shape. Sustained release and biodegradation tests exhibited that MSC can effectively improve the fertilizer-retaining and water-retaining capacities. In addition, a massive amount of these microcapsules were prepared using sharp-hole coagulation bath method. As a type of neutral fertilizer, urea is useful to plant, easy to preserve and use, and has little damage to soil. The two materials, FA and urea, were typical and useful as core materials of MSC for actual applications. The planting experiment of cabbages was carried out using these microcapsules. The growth status of cabbages, physiological activities, nitrogen balance index (NBI) value and photosynthesis rate were investigated. Results demonstrated that the MSC owned the ability of improving the yield of cabbages, and it was a very promising sustained-release fertilizer.