bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in photophobic behaviors following cortical spreading depression in rats
Authors: Kaur Manvir , Ward Nicholas A. , Karlage Kelly L. , Morgans Catherine W. , Aicher Sue A. , Largent-Milnes Tally M. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose Photophobia is a common and debilitating symptom associated with migraine. Women are disproportionately affected by migraines, with a higher prevalence and more severe symptoms compared to men. This study investigated the effects of cortical spreading depression on light-aversive and dark-seeking behaviors in a rat model, with an emphasis on sex differences. Method Experiments were conducted on seven to eight-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley rats. cortical spreading depression was modeled by injections of potassium chloride or artificial cerebrospinal fluid into the occipital cortex through a guide cannula. Key behavioral assessments included light-aversive and dark-seeking behaviors measured using a three-chamber box, pupil to iris ratio, periorbital tightening, periorbital allodynia and facial withdrawal thresholds. Results Our results demonstrated that cortical potassium chloride injections significantly increased photophobic behaviors, particularly in female rats. Specifically, potassium chloride-injected females demonstrated a significant reduction in the time spent in the light chamber (p = 0.001) and increased time in the dark chamber compared to control rats (p = 0.01), indicating heightened light-aversion. Females exhibited more substantial pupil constriction and eyelid closure at 180 min after potassium chloride injection compared to artificial cerebrospinal fluid injection, suggesting a stronger physiological response to light. Similarly, a greater percent of female rats displayed periorbital allodynia (withdrawal threshold <6 g) over a post injection time course compared to male rats. Among rats that exhibited periorbital allodynia at least two consecutive time points, females had significantly lower facial withdrawal thresholds than males at 60-, 90-, 120-, and 180-min post injection (p < 0.05), suggesting a difference in magnitude and duration. Furthermore, the area under the curve for the time course experiment indicated development of tactile allodynia in periorbital region among female rats (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Altogether these findings highlight the importance of considering sex-specific differences in developing therapeutic strategies for the treatment of migraine. We report for the first time a complete time course analysis of migraine-related responses, providing a comprehensive overview of the dynamics involved. The results suggest that potassium chloride-induced cortical spreading depression may offer a valuable model for studying the underlying mechanisms and sex differences of photophobia in migraine, aiding in the development of targeted treatments.
Where Are All the Female Participants in Sports and Exercise Medicine Research? A Decade Later
Authors: Ose Benjamin M. , Eisenhauer Jake , Roepe Isaiah , Herda Ashley A. , Vopat Bryan G. , Vopat Lisa M. 
Published: January 2025

Background: In 2014, Costello and colleagues published a sentinel paper spotlighting the large disparity of female versus male representation within sports science and sports medicine (SSSM) research. Purpose: To (1) revisit the method published by Costello et al a decade later to evaluate female representation and (2) ascertain whether study designs account for menstrual status. Study Design: Systematic Review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All original and epidemiologic research of live human participants from the journals Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, British Journal of Sports Medicine, and the American Journal of Sports Medicine were included from January 2021 to August 2023. Number of male and female participants for each study was analyzed. A menstrual-status tiering system published by Smith et al was used to classify the consideration of female participants’ menstrual status in study design. Results: A total of 1441 studies and 40,152,860 participants were included in this analysis. This included 17,648,509 (43.95%) female participants. The mean proportion of female participants per study was 40.22%, and 103 (7.15%) studies included only female participants compared with 268 (18.6%) male-only studies. A total of 66 (5.6%) studies included menstrual-status considerations in their study design with 7.7 (0.7%) and 5.5 (0.5%) receiving a silver or gold classification, respectively, for design considerations. Conclusion: Our investigation into the representation of female athletes in SSSM research found an increase in female participation from 39% to 43.95% of total participants over the past decade. While the overall number of female participants rose in the years 2021 to 2023, there remains a significant disparity in female representation in SSSM research compared with male participants. Additionally, we found that the inclusion of menstrual status in study designs has been limited, with few studies considering this crucial variable.
Oxygen Targets for Mechanically Ventilated Adults with Sepsis: Secondary Analysis of the PILOT Trial
Authors: Shapiro Jack C. , Casey Jonathan D. , Qian Edward T. , Seitz Kevin P. , Wang Li , Lloyd Bradley D. , Stollings Joanna L. , Freundlich Robert E. , Self Wesley H. , Rice Todd W. , Wanderer Jonathan P. , Semler Matthew W. ,   for the Pragmatic Critical Care Research Group
Published: January 2025

Background Patients with sepsis frequently require invasive mechanical ventilation. How oxygenation during mechanical ventilation affects clinical outcomes for patients with sepsis remains uncertain. Research Question To evaluate the effects of different oxygen saturation targets on clinical outcomes for patients with sepsis receiving mechanical ventilation. Study Design and Methods We performed a secondary analysis of the Pragmatic Investigation of optimaL Oxygen Targets (PILOT) trial dataset among patients who met criteria for sepsis by the Sepsis-3 definition at the time of enrollment. We compared patients randomized to a lower oxygen saturation target (90%; range, 88–92%), an intermediate target (94%; range, 92–96%), and a higher target (98%; range, 96–100%) with regard to the outcomes of 28-day in-hospital mortality and ventilator-free days to study day 28. Results Of 2541 patients in the PILOT dataset, 805 patients with sepsis were included in the current analysis. In-hospital mortality by day 28 did not differ significantly between the lower target group (48%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 42% to 54%), the intermediate target group (50%; 95% CI, 43% to 56%), and the higher target group (51%; 95% CI, 45% to 56%) (P = 0.83). The number of ventilator-free days to day 28 did not significantly differ between the trial groups, with a mean of 9.9 (standard deviation [SD], 11.8) in the lower oxygen saturation target group, 9.5 (SD, 11.2) in the intermediate group, and 9.4 (SD, 11.4) in the higher group (P = 0.65). Interpretation Among mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis in a large, randomized trial, the incidence of 28-day in-hospital mortality was not statistically significantly different between the use of a lower, intermediate, or higher oxygen target. However, the confidence intervals included treatment effects that would be clinically meaningfully and further randomized trials of oxygen targets in sepsis are required. Referenced trial name Pragmatic Investigation of optimaL Oxygen Targets Trial (PILOT) ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03537937 URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03537937
New Polysaccharides from Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus (HO-P) and Agrocybe aegerita  (AA-P) and their Biological Activities
Authors: Yang Tong , Zhao Hui , Ding Xiang , Hou Yiling 
Published: January 2025

Background Fungal polysaccharides are an essential active polymer compound in human cells. A clear understanding of the structure of polysaccharides is the foundation for conducting research and utilization of polysaccharides. Purpose To explore the structure and immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides from Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus and Agrocybe aegerita. Methods High-performance liquid chromatography, high-performance gel-permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis were utilized to analyze the structure of Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus polysaccharide (HO-P) and Agrocybe aegerita polysaccharide (AA-P). The immunomodulatory activities of these polysaccharides were also studied. Results The HO-P consisted of (1↓6)-Galp, (1↓4)-Glup, (↓1)-Glup, and (1↓4,6)-D-Manp with the ratio of mannose, galactose, and glucose being 1:1:2. The AA-P was consisted of (1↓4,6)-Glup, (1↓4)-Arap, and (1↓6)-Galp with the ratio of galactose, glucose, and arabinose being 3:2:1. AA-P and HO-P could both mainly by reducing G0/G1 phase, which leads to the significant proliferation of B cells and RAW264.7 cells, respectively. At the same time, AA-P and HO-P could significantly stimulate the necrosis factor-α secretion of T cells, IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM secretion of B cells and tumor necrosis factor-α secretion of RAW264.7 cells, but neither of them could stimulate interleukin-1↓ secretion of RAW264.7 cells. Conclusion Due to its better branching degree, AA-P is more conducive to forming a triple-helix, three-dimensional configuration, as well as better solubility and smaller molecular weight, thus exhibiting higher biological immune activity against immune cells than HO-P.
Do Racial Differences Exist for Vocational Rehabilitation Applicants with Schizophrenia? A Propensity Score Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Chan Fong , Iwanaga Kanako , Kaya Cahit , Rumrill Phillip , Bezyak Jill , Wu Jia Rung , Chen Xiangli , Zapata Patricia 
Published: January 2025

Background The COVID-19 pandemic and the Black Lives Matter movement revealed American society's unconscious bias and systemic discrimination against Black/African Americans and other minority groups, including people with disabilities. These disparities are particularly pronounced for individuals with intersecting identities, such as race, gender, disability, and poverty, leading to racism and ableism. Method This case-control study investigated racial disparities in acceptance rates for state vocational rehabilitation (VR) services among applicants with schizophrenia. Utilizing the U.S. Department of Education Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA-911) dataset for the program year 2018, we compared acceptance rates between Black/African American and White American VR applicants with schizophrenia. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to create a White applicant with schizophrenia (control, n = 2,971) group and a black applicant with schizophrenia (treatment, n = 2,971) group with similar demographic characteristics to control selection bias. Results Our findings indicated no significant difference in VR acceptance rates between the two groups: 73.7% for Black/African Americans with schizophrenia and 72.4% for White Americans with schizophrenia. Conclusions This outcome contrasts with previous studies that suggest racial bias still exist in state VR services. Our findings may indicate that, when selection bias is controlled, acceptance rates for VR services between White Americans and Black/African Americans with disabilities may be comparable. This study contributes to the ongoing dialogue on racial equity in disability services, and it presents an alternative research method for conducting racial difference studies in VR.
Adapting Individual Placement and Support for Unemployed Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Florence Ana Carolina , Elwyn Glyn , Mueser Kim T. , McGurk Susan R. , Liebmann Edward P. , McLaren Jennifer L. , Drake Robert E. 
Published: January 2025

Background Employment benefits adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in many ways, yet unemployment remains high. Existing interventions use predominantly “train-place” methods, emphasizing pre-employment training before competitive employment. As an alternative, Individual Placement and Support is a “place-train” model, originally developed for people with serious mental illness, that is rapidly spreading to new populations, including adults with ASD. Adaptations to evidence-based interventions for new groups should receive scientific validation. Objective This article outlines the scientific steps to adapt Individual Placement and Support to serve the needs of adults with ASD. Methods The authors describe a scientific approach to developing, implementing, studying, and disseminating Individual Placement and Support to adults with ASD. Results A five-step approach to adapting Individual Placement and Support to adults with ASD includes 1) Involving stakeholders; 2) Examining available data from different perspectives; 3) Conducting a pilot study to establish acceptance, feasibility, proximal and distal outcomes, and adaptations; 4) Conducting comparative effectiveness research; 5) Translating research to policy. Conclusions Evidence-based interventions can transfer usefully to new populations and settings, but the process should follow scientific methods. As an example, this article describes a scientific process for adapting Individual Placement and Support to adults with ASD.
Perspectives on the Lingering Effects of COVID-19 on the Employment and Quality of Life of People with Spinal Cord Injuries: Results of an Inclusive Community Conversation
Authors: LoBianco Anthony , Adams Chithra , Fitzpatrick Calisa 
Published: January 2025

Background Earlier research has focused on the immediate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on persons with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Objective The present study revisits lessons learned from the previous study and assesses the longer-term effects of the pandemic. Methods We used a community conversation method to inform our analysis. The themes examined include adapting to a “new normal” way of interacting with the world, employment, social isolation, and physical and mental health. Results We found that a person's ability to adapt to changing circumstances is a major predictor of how one will respond to the aftermath of a pandemic, and that this adaptability is heightened for persons with SCI. Conclusion Service providers, healthcare professionals, employers, and persons with SCI should be attuned to the impact of an individual's adaptation skills when dealing with long term societal social upheavals. This is particularly relevant for the SCI community, and continued inclusive research is necessary to understand these effects.
Sensitized-points acupuncture versus routine integrative acupuncture for chronic low back pain: A randomized-controlled feasibility study
Authors: Tan Huijuan , Tumilty Steve , Chapple Cathy , Huang Guangyi , Baxter G David 
Published: January 2025

Background Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is a global health complaint. Acupuncture is an effective therapy for cLBP; however, evidence for an optimal acupuncture practice scheme is limited. Objective This study aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the effectiveness of two acupuncture regimes (sensitized-points acupuncture and routine integrative acupuncture package) for cLBP. Methods This was a two-arm, assessor-blind, randomized-controlled feasibility study. Thirty adult participants with cLBP were randomly assigned into two groups. Each group received 8 sessions of either sensitized-points acupuncture or routine integrative acupuncture package, respectively. Treatments were conducted twice per week. Outcomes were assessed at baseline (week 0), on a weekly basis for four weeks (week 1, 2, 3, 4), and follow-up (week 12). Student's t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, Fisher's exact tests, descriptive analyses, and power analyses were used for statistics. Results Participants were recruited over 10 weeks with a recruitment rate of 12 participants per month. The treatment plan in both groups was well accepted and tolerated. Besides, the study was characterized by low adverse event rates (8.0% in Group A, 11.7% in Group B), high completion of the outcome measures (97.8% in Group A, 94.3% in Group B), and high participant retention rate (100% in Group A, 93.8% in Group B). Furthermore, preliminary analyses showed that both regimes of acupuncture were potentially efficacious and safe. Conclusions Conducting a fully powered RCT to evaluate efficacy and safety of two acupuncture regimes in the management of cLBP is feasible.
Clarifying the characteristics of interprofessional rehabilitation programs for adults with chronic low back pain: A scoping review
Authors: Wami Sintayehu Daba , Chala Mulugeta Bayisa , Wolde Sara Yirgalem , Donnelly Catherine , Gelaye Kassahun Alemu , Pullatayil Abdul , Adefris Esayas , Miller Jordan 
Published: January 2025

Background Interprofessional rehabilitation programs are recommended by practice guidelines based on their effectiveness in improving health-related quality of life, pain, and function for people with chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, the most appropriate program characteristics are poorly described in the literature. Objective This scoping review aimed to synthesize the characteristics of interprofessional rehabilitation programs for people living with CLBP. Methods The scoping review was guided by the framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley, which has been further enhanced by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Electronic databases, including Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were searched to identify relevant published studies. Results Out of 13370 articles identified through our search, seventy-nine studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria. In the majority of the studies (n = 75), interprofessional rehabilitation programs for people with CLBP consisted of two or more of the following interventions: physical activity and exercise (n = 68), education (n = 61), psychotherapy (n = 52), and vocational support/advice (n = 31). In a few studies describing the underlying theories, the biopsychosocial model, which emphasizes the need to address social, psychological, and physical components in the management of CLBP, was the most often cited theoretical framework. Conclusion There is substantial variation in how interprofessional rehabilitation programs for people with CLBP are conceptualized and evaluated. A detailed description of the intervention evaluated, and the underlying theoretical frameworks was also lacking in most studies. We recommend the use of a consistent term and components aligned with practice guidelines.
The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation superimposed on quadriceps training on gait dynamics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Li Shihao , Lu Bin , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Jun , Xu Weiguo , Li Qi 
Published: January 2025

Background Abnormal gait dynamics are an important risk factor responsible for the high incidence of traumatic knee osteoarthritis in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Objective To evaluate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) superimposed quadriceps training on gait dynamics. Methods A total of 32 postoperative patients were randomly allocated to the NMES and conventional training (CT) groups, with 16 patients per group. Patients in the CT group received the standardized conventional training for 60 min per day, 3 days per week for 6 weeks, while those in the NMES group received the same conventional training, but with NMES superimposed on the conventional open chain training of the quadriceps. The amount of time for training was equal between the two groups. Patients were evaluated at 8 and 14 weeks after surgery. The outcome measurements were maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the quadriceps used to assess the quadriceps strength, Lysholm score used to assess knee function and peak vertical ground reaction force (PvGRF), heel medial (HM) peak pressure and heel lateral (HL) peak pressure used to assess gait dynamics. Results Compared to the CT group, the NMES group had greater improvements in quadriceps strength (p<0.001, effect size = 2.93), knee function (p = 0.049, effect size = 2.06), and gait loading (including HL peak pressure (P = 0.007, effect size = 0.89) and PvGRF (P = 0.019, effect size = 0.62)). After the intervention, participants in both groups had a significantly lower rearfoot impulse and significantly higher forefoot impulse. Conclusions The NMES superimposed on conventional quadriceps open chain training has shown additional improvements in gait loading in patients after ACL reconstruction, which suggests it may contribute to delaying the onset of early postoperative traumatic knee osteoarthritis. In addition, changes in foot impulse may suggest a progressive trend in quadriceps avoidance gait in the early postoperative period.
Patients six months after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair exhibit increased thoracic kyphosis compared to healthy individuals despite standard rehabilitation protocol
Authors: Yazgan Dagli Beyza , Yilmaz Ayse Neriman , Dagli Ali Cihan , Ozturan Kutay Engin 
Published: January 2025

Background Shoulder pain is often accompanied by disturbances in spinal posture, such as increased thoracic kyphosis. Moreover, a high prevalence of scapular dyskinesis has been observed in the majority of shoulder pain patients. However, these alterations seen in individuals with shoulder pain have not been thoroughly examined after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCr). Objective To investigate alterations in spinal alignment and mobility, shoulder range of motion, and scapular dyskinesis (SD), to determine whether differences exist between patients with RCr and healthy individuals. Methods The study included 26 participants who had undergone RCr (the RCr group) and 29 healthy individuals (the healthy group). The Spinal Mouse device (IDIAG-M360) was utilized to measure spinal alignment (thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sacral-hip angles, and pelvic inclination), and spinal mobility. The study also evaluated the presence of scapular dyskinesia (SD), and shoulder range of motion (ROM) using the observational SD test and a universal goniometer, respectively. All variables were compared between the groups. Results The RCr group had an increased mean thoracic kyphosis compared to the healthy group (p = 0.033). However, no significant differences in spinal mobility were observed between the groups (p > 0.05). The results from the scapular dyskinesia analysis revealed considerable variations between the groups (p = 0.001). Among shoulder ROM variables, only external rotation was reduced in the RCr group (p = 0.003). Further subgroup analysis based on trauma status revealed that individuals with non-traumatic rotator cuff tear exhibited an increased thoracic kyphosis angle (p = 0.037). Conclusions RCr patients exhibited an increased thoracic kyphosis angle and an increased presence of SD, despite showing similar spinal mobility when compared to healthy individuals. These findings may necessitate further research investigating the effectiveness of thoracic mobilization techniques and targeted strengthening exercises aimed at mitigating the increased thoracic kyphosis angle and SD observed in patients undergoing rehabilitation following RCr.