bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein cargo of Nef-containing exosomal extracellular vesicles may predict HIV-associated Neurocognitive Impairment status
Authors: Caobi Allen , Werne Rachel , Gomez Mario , Andre Mickensone , Thomas Charo , Lima-Hernandez Francisco , Nair Madhavan , Raymond Andrea Denise 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Exosomal extracellular vesicles (xEVs) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of aviremic people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) contain the HIV Negative factor (Nef) protein. However, the role of xEVs and Nef-containing-xEVs(xEV-Nef) in HIV-associated neuropathology is unknown. Here we performed a cross-sectional analysis of the content of xEVs derived from matched serum and CSF samples of PLWHAs diagnosed with either asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), mild neurocognitive disorder (MND), or HIV-associated dementia (HAD). The overall objective was to determine whether the content of the matched xEVs-derived from plasma or CSF correlated with the neurocognitive impairment (NCI) status. The size and protein content of the xEVs were characterized via dynamic light scattering (DLS) and LC-MS/MS, respectively. xEV size was not significantly different between ANI, MND, or HAD groups. CSF of PLWHAs with NCI contained significantly more xEVs than matched plasma. xEV-Nef CSF concentration was elevated in PLWHAs with NCI and correlated with CD4 T-cell count. Plasma-derived xEV protein profiles from PLWHAs with ANI or MND differed from PLWHAs without NCI. Over-representation analysis using Reactome and KEGG databases show proteins involved in pathways associated with heme scavenging, signaling(MAP kinase and integrin-alpha), Toll-like receptor regulation, clot formation, complement, and cytosolic calcium levels were elevated in MND. Pathways upregulated within the ANI group involved high-density lipid (HDL) remodeling, post-translational protein phosphorylation, and platelet activation. Overall, the data shows that xEV protein profiles of ANI and MND differ, suggesting protein profiles of peripheral xEVs, xEV-Nef, and CD4 T-cell count may discern NCI status.
Patient Specific study on Haemodynamic changes in Pre and Post Stenting of Carotid Bifurcation System using Numerical Methods
Authors: N Abhilash H , Yanagita Yoshiki , Pai Raghuvir , Zuber Mohammad , K Prakashini , Kamath Ganesh , Tamagawa Masaaki , R Padmakumar , Khader S M Abdul , Rao V R K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The carotid artery is one of the major arteries in the circulatory system which supplies blood to brain, face and neck region of the body. Among the population geometry of carotid artery will be varying based on the ethnicity, height and gender. The Common Carotid Artery (CCA) will be branching into Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) supplies blood to brain and External Carotid Artery (ECA) supplies blood to neck and face. Near the bifurcation towards ICA there will be a expanded region called carotid bulb or sinus, this is the region where most likely stenosis occurs. The Carotid Artery Stenting (CAS) is a minimally invasive alternative for carotid endarterectomy, but the downside is post-stenting complications like late thrombosis and restenosis. The impact of Carotid Artery Stenting (CAS) can be determined using quantitative assessment, which involves understanding the long-term outcomes of CAS, which are clinically debatable. Haemodynamic parameters related to the flow of blood in stented vessels influence post-stenting complications, so studying the blood flow in post-stenting geometry of the Carotid artery is essential. This study compares the blood flow in Pre and Post stenting geometry of 3 patient specific stenosed carotid arteries, for Post stenting geometry two types of stent designs (Open cell and Closed cell) are considered. The following geometries are analyzed using a pulsatile velocity inlet and pressure outlet boundary conditions. From the comparison of haemodynamic factors, the performance of different stent designs used for different geometry shapes of the stenosed carotid artery can be determined. The lower value of Wall Shear Stress (WSS) was observed near the carotid bulb region, which indicates the chances of restenosis. A higher value of the Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) was also observed in the posterior part of the Internal and External carotid artery. The outcome of the blood flow analysis implies that, closed-cell stent design can be preferred for stenosed carotid artery having a straight shape, and an open-cell stent design can be used for the tortuous-shaped carotid artery.
Management of borderline ovarian tumors in pregnancy: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Ma Bo , Hu Yuanjing , Cui Hongyan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical and histopathological characteristics of borderline ovarian tumors in pregnancy, the prognosis after surgery at different stages of pregnancy, and maternal and neonatal outcomes, with the aim of providing a basis for the optimal management strategy of borderline ovarian tumors in pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-fourpatients with borderline ovarian tumors who were treated from January 2011 to March 2022 and diagnosed during pregnancy or postpartumwere enrolled. All medical records were reviewed to extract clinical and obstetric characteristics, histological tumor characteristics, surgical procedure, and follow-up.
Results: Four patients (17%) were diagnosed during the first trimester of pregnancy, 6 (25%) during the second trimester, 12 (50%) during the third trimester, and 2 (8%) in postpartum. More Unilateral cystectomies (46%) were performed than unilateral cystectomies (29%), and more unilateral cystectomies plus contralateral cystectomies (17%) were performed than bilateral cystectomies (8%). Three patients with ruptured masses were found intraoperatively in the third trimester. Serous mucinous borderline ovarian tumorsaccountedfor 25% (6/24), and mixed borderline ovarian tumors (mucous/translucent) accounted for 4% (1/24). FIGO stage I accounted for 92% of the patients (22/24). Eight percentwere classified (2/24) as stage III, both of which were bilateral SBT-micro papilla subtypes. Full-term pregnancies accounted for 87.5% of the patients (21/24). Of the 21 patients who delivered, 43% (9/21) had a normal delivery. A total of 19 newborns had a one-minute Apgar scoreof 10. Recurrence occurred in 12.5% of the patients (3/24). Five patients had a previous history of borderline ovarian tumor. Two patients (8%) had two episodes of borderline ovarian tumor before the current pregnancy, and three (13%) had one episode. No postoperative malignancy was found in any patient.
Conclusion: Pregnancy does not worsen the prognosis of borderline ovarian tumors, even with multiple recurrences, and progression does not occur even with conservative observation throughout pregnancy and management after delivery. Borderline ovarian tumorsdo not affect the mode of delivery. There were no differences in maternal and neonatal pregnancy outcomes at different stages of pregnancy or in postpartum management of borderline ovarian tumors.
Evaluation of Resistance to Stem Rust and Identification of Sr Genes in Bread Wheat Cultivars in Türkiye
Authors: CAT Ahmet 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) is more destructive disease of wheat on a global scale. In this study, reactions of the 150 bread wheat cultivars were evaluated on the natural Pgt infection at adult-plant stage in 2020 and 2021 and they were also analyzed by using the specific molecular markers to detect resistance genes (Sr22, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, Sr38, Sr50 and Sr57). Based on the phenotypic data, the majority of the cultivars (62%) showed resistance/moderate resistance reactions to natural Pgt infection. According to the molecular findings, the genes Sr57 (in 103 cultivars), Sr50 (in nine cultivars), Sr25 (in six cultivars) and Sr22, Sr31 and Sr38 (in one cultivar) and their combinations Sr25 + Sr50, Sr31 + Sr57, Sr38 + Sr50, Sr38 + Sr57 were detected in these cultivars. However, Sr24 and Sr26 were determined none of them. These resistance genes were identified for the first time during this study. In addition, the findings may be used to develop resistant cultivars in rust disease breeding programs.
Cyberattack Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks using a Hybrid Feature Reduction Technique with AI and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Behiry Mohamed H. , Aly Mohammed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Security of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is crucial for preventing data sharing from intruders. This paper makes a suggestion for a machine learning-based intelligent hybrid model and AI for identifying cyberattacks. The security of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) guards against malevolent hackers cyberattacks on data, networks, and computers. The qualities that are most closely associated to the selected attack categories are also identified using a feature reduction algorithm (SVD and PCA) and machine learning methods. In order to reduce/extract features and rank them, this paper suggests using the K-means clustering model enhanced information gain (KMC-IG). A Synthetic Minority Excessively Technique is also being introduced. Intrusion prevention systems and network traffic categorization are the eventual important stage. The study evaluates the accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure of a proposed deep learning-based feed-forward neural network algorithm for intrusion detection and classification. Three important datasets, namely NSL-KDD, UNSW-NB 15, and CICIDS 2017, are considered, and the proposed algorithm's performance is assessed for each dataset under two scenarios: full features and reduced features. The study also compares the results of the proposed DLFFNN-KMC-IG with benchmark machine learning approaches. After dimensional reduction and balancing, the proposed algorithm achieves high accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure for all three datasets. Specifically, for the NSL-KDD dataset in the reduced feature set, the algorithm achieves 99.7% accuracy, 99.8% precision, 97.8% recall, and 98.8% F-measure. Similarly, for the CICIDS2017 dataset, the algorithm achieves 99.8% accuracy, 98.7% precision, 97.7% recall, and 98.7% F-measure. Finally, for the UNSW-NB15 dataset, the algorithm achieves 99.1% accuracy, 98.7% precision, 98.4% recall, and 99.6% F-measure.
75–45 degree conversion-modified posterior laparoscopic one-piece radical surgery for uroepithelial carcinoma
Authors: Yan XueChuan , Zhao Kai , Zhang Zongliang , Yin Xinbao , Wang Zhenlin , Zhu Guanqun , Zhang Yulian , Wang Ke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a modified procedure of one-piece total retroperitoneal laparoscopic total nephroureterectomy with bladder sleeve resection is safe and efficacious in treating upper urinary tract uroepithelial carcinoma (UTUC).
METHODS
This study involved 24 UTUC patients (16 men and 8 women) who underwent this procedure at our hospital between January 2022 and June 2022. The average age was 73 (range 62 − 91). Of the 24 cases, 15 were on the left side, and 9 were on the right. There were 8 and 6 cases of lower and upper ureteral tumor, respectively, and 10 cases of renal pelvis tumor.
RESULTS
There was no instance of intermediate opening, and all the operations were completed successfully. The surgical procedure took 60–100 min (mean 71.25 ± 9.80) min. No significant intraoperative or postoperative problems occurred. Postoperative chemotherapy for the bladder was administered as usual.
CONCLUSION
For UTUC, the modified one-piece total retroperitoneal laparoscopic total nephroureterectomy combined with bladder sleeve resection is a successful and manageable procedure that offers satisfactory tumor control and merits further development in clinical practice.
Bionomy of Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae, in two areas of high Long-lasting insecticidal Nets coverage in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Djahouri Nadro Wago Maïmouna , Guindo-Coulibaly Négnorogo , Assouho Konan Fabrice , Zoh Dounin Danielle , Tia Emmanuel , Sadia-Kacou Agnimou Malanfoua Cécile , Azongnibo Konan Rodolphe Mardoché MSc , Kpan Mintokapieu Didier Stéphane , Kouadio Affoué Mireille Nadia , Adja Akré Maurice 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The biodynamics of the main malaria vectors was studied in rural areas of Côte d'Ivoire, after Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) national coverage. Adult mosquitoes sample by Human Landing Catches (HLC) and Pyrethrum Spray Catches (PSC) have been identified morphologically and by molecular biology. Entomological parameters of malaria biology and transmission were calculated for each species. An. coluzzii, An. gambiae s.s. and An. funestus were the vector species identified in Toumbokro while An. coluzzii, An. funestus and An. nili were identified in Kassiapleu. These vectors feed preferentially on humans in the two villages. In Toumbokro An. gambiae s.l. is exophagic while An. funestus is endophagic. In this village, The annual entomological inoculation rate (EIR) average was high and estimated at 241 infected bites per person per year (ib/p/y) (80.81 ib/p/y for An. gambiae s.l. and 147.68 ib/p/y for An. funestus). An. funestus has become the principal vector and assured its own almost 2/3 of this transmitted. In Kassiapleu, this EIR was also high and estimated at 306.6 ib/p/y (332.15 ib/p/y and 16.5 ib/p/y respectively of An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus). An. gambiae s.l. is endophagic and has remained the main vector of malaria. This work shows that malaria transmission remains high and is assured by two main vectors (An. funestus and An. gambiae) in rural areas Côte d’Ivoire. These vectors bite both inside and outside the house. Thus, effective malaria control requires combining indoor residual spraying and outdoor control tools at LLINs currently used against the vectors inside the home.
Vaccination with a disabled infectious single cycle cytomegalovirus vaccine elicits a distinct glycoprotein B-specific monoclonal antibody repertoire compared to that of naturally-infected individuals
Authors: Valencia Sarah , Rochat Eric , Harnois Melissa , Dennis Maria , Webster Helen , Hora Bhavna , Kumar Amit , Li Leike , Freed Daniel , Zhang Ningyan , An Zhiqiang , Wang Dai , Permar Sallie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading infectious congenital infection globally and the most common viral infection in transplant recipients, therefore identifying a vaccine for HCMV is a top priority. Humoral immunity is a correlate of protection for HCMV infection. The most effective vaccine tested to date, which achieved 50% reduction in acquisition of HCMV, was comprised of the glycoprotein B protein given with an oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant MF59. We characterize gB-specific monoclonal antibodies isolated from individuals vaccinated with a disabled infectious single cycle (DISC) CMV vaccine, V160, and compare these to the gB-specific monoclonal antibody repertoire isolated from naturally-infected individuals. We find that vaccination with V160 resulted in gB-specific antibodies that bound homogenously to gB expressed on the surface of a cell in contrast to antibodies isolated from natural infection which variably bound to cell-associated gB. Vaccination resulted in a similar breadth of gB-specific antibodies, with binding profile to gB genotypes 1-5 comparable to that of natural infection. Few gB-specific neutralizing antibodies were isolated from V160 vaccinees and fewer antibodies had identifiable gB antigenic domain specificity compared to that of naturally-infected individuals. We also show that glycosylation of gB residue N73 may shield binding of gB-specific antibodies.
The Heart of Rett Syndrome: A Quantitative Analysis of Cardiac Repolarization
Authors: Collins Michael P. , Johnson Mark C. , Ryther Robin C. , Weisenberg Judith L. , Heydemann Peter. T. , Buhrfiend Colleen M. , Scott William A. , Armstrong Dallas M. M. , Kern Haley M. , Nguyen Hoang H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aim
Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a developmental encephalopathy disorder that is associated with a high incidence of sudden death presumably from cardiorespiratory etiologies. Electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, such as prolonged heart-rate corrected QT (QTc) interval, are markers of cardiac repolarization and are associated with potentially lethal ventricular arrhythmias. This study investigates the cardiac repolarization characteristics of RTT patients, including QTc and T-wave morphology characteristics.
Method
A retrospective quantitative analysis on 110 RTT patients and 124 age and sex-matched healthy controls.
Results
RTT patients had longer QTc, more abnormal T-wave morphology, and greater heterogeneity of cardiac repolarization parameters compared to controls. Even RTT patients without prolonged QTc had more abnormal ECG and T-wave characteristics than controls. Among RTT patients, MECP2patients had prolonged QTc compared to CDKL5 and FOXG1 patients. A subset of five RTT patients who died had normal QTc, but more abnormal T-wave morphology than the remaining RTT patients.
Interpretation
Cardiac repolarization abnormalities are present in RTT patients, even without long QTc. T-wave morphology is related to RTT genotype and may be predictive of mortality. These findings could be used to help the management and monitoring of RTT patients.
Enhancing understanding of wetland plant community spatial arrangement, ecotones, and functioning through Machine Learning and Probabilistic Classifiers.
Authors: Danielle Afton Seymour , Helen Margaret De Klerk 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context.
Mapping wetlands presents challenges due to the fluctuating hydroperiod conditions and difficult underfoot conditions. Mapping wetland plant communities distributions provide insights into wetland structure and function.
Objectives.
We aim to use wetland plant spectral signatures to produce maps of spatial arrangements of wetland plant community distribution and transitions (ecotones) to help understand how the study wetland functions in terms of regulating water flow and sediment trapping.
Methods.
We used binary, Machine Learning Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms to map wetland plant communities, and the Naive Bayesian Probabilistic Classifier to map wetland ecotones. Field based plant community data is collected to train the algorithms to classify the remotely sensed optical Sentinel imagery of the Du Toits River wetland embedded within the terrestrial Fynbos Mediterranean ecosystem.
Results.
The RF algorithm accurately mapped wetland plant communities (overall accuracy (OA) of 76% and kappa 0.72). Results distinguished two peat wetland vegetation types, namely Prionium serratum and Psoralea pinnata. The Probabilistic Classifier identified abrupt ecotones between 1) peat wetland vegetation groups, 2) peatland, sclerophyllous, and fynbos communities, and 3) within the sclerophyllous wetland vegetation. These correspond to a fine spatial matrix of deep channels interspersed with areas of sediment deposition (peatland) and formation of sediment islands (sclerophyllous plants) as the plants slow water run-off and regulate nutrient cycling.
Conclusions.
Remote sensing algorithms capture the spatial distribution patterns of wetland plant communities linked to function. This improved understanding of wetland ecology provides useful insight for effective wetland management and conservation strategies.
The genetics of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH): Integration of population studies and clinical data
Authors: Zucker Roei , Kovalerchik Michael , Davidovich Zvika , Banne Ehud , Maharshak Idit , Linial Michal , Linial Michal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterized by increased intracranial pressure without a known cause. It mainly affects overweight, reproductive-age women, and its genetic basis remains unknown. Previous GWAS failed to find significant associations. To address this, we analyzed a cohort of 173 IIH and papilledema (PAP) patients from the UK Biobank (UKB) using various genetic association methods. We activate a GWAS that covers only coding regions of genes for better interpretability. We also employed the complementary methods of SKAT and PWAS, which aggregate variants to determine gene-based association. We report on 10 overlapping genes by two methods, with FOXF1 and RGCC identified by all three methods. In a separate GWAS on a Finnish cohort, a rare variant in the LRRFIP1 gene was associated with IIH. Comparing findings from the Finnish, IIH, and PAP cohorts, we discovered the SHANK2 gene as a shared genetic factor. Genes related to the choroid plexus epithelium cluster (MAPK15, DCDC1, DNAH5, and SLC28A3) were found to be enriched, suggesting a role for microtubule cilia regulation in IIH etiology. Importantly, many GWAS-associated coding variants were predicted to be deleterious and rare in healthy populations. Comorbidities associated with IIH and PAP include pain, migraines, and psychological and mental disorders. This study highlights the strength of an integrative genetic approach, combining functional and clinical knowledge, to better understand IIH etiology. By identifying potential genetic factors and their biological relevance, this research provides insights into IIH's causes and paves the way for further investigation and potential therapeutic interventions.
Sodium Nitroprusside Improved the Quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae through Constructed Physiological State under Adversity
Authors: Song Xiao-Wen , Yao Yao , Zhao Kai , Yu Peng-Cheng , Zhang Wei , Meng Xiang-Cai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The quality of botanicals is closely related to the growing environment, usually with a better quality under adverse conditions. The quality of the cultivated under good conditions were heavily declined. Radix Saposhnikoviae is one of the most commonly botanicals in Asian countries, the price of the cultivated is only 1/10 to 1/3 of that of the wild, therefore improved the quality of the cultivated Radix Saposhnikoviae is an urgent issue. The fresh Radix saposhnikoviae roots were treated with 0.03, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mmol/L SNP, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, secondary metabolite synthesis enzymes such as PAL, ACC and CHS, and the contents of NO, O2·ˉ, H2O2, MDA, and secondary metabolite chromones were determined. The quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae was evaluated with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects, and inflammatory factors. The NO contents in the fresh roots of Radix saposhnikoviae were significantly increased under SNP, which led to a significant increase of O2·ˉ, H2O2, and MDA. The activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and POD showed an increase, reach a peak on the 2nd and the 3rd day. The activities of PAL, ACC, and CHS were also significantly enhanced, resulting in the increased secondary metabolite contents of Radix Saposhnikoviae in all groups, especially the 0.5 mmol/ L SNP, the four active ingredients, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, increased by 90.5%, 252.1%, 52.2% and 153.7%, respectively, on the 3rd day, which was accomplished by biosynthesis. The pharmaceutical effects of Radix saposhnikoviae under 0.5mmol/L SNP were significantly enhanced. Exogenous SNP can induce physiological states under the adverse conditions and significantly improve the quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae, which can provide a new way for high-quality production.