bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive systematic scoping review for physiotherapy interventions for people living with long COVID
Authors: Kabir Md. Feroz , Nyein Yin Khin , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Ahmedy Fatimah , Zainudin Muhamad Faizal , Hossain K M Amran , Jahan Sharmila , Islam Md. Waliul , Hasnat Md. Abu Khayer , Abul Fazal Abdullah Ibn 
Published: May 2023

Background: A diverse spectrum of long COVID symptoms (LCS) have the scope of physical rehabilitation. Due to limited resources, very little is known about the physiotherapy and rehabilitation interventions for LCS and their clinical application. This study aims to explore the role of physiotherapy and rehabilitation interventions in the management of musculoskeletal, neurological, cognitive, cardiorespiratory, mental health, and functional impairments of LCS. Methods: The study was a systematic scoping review of the literature published between April 2020 and July 2022. Results: 87 articles were extracted followed by a standard process of The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) extension for Scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The included studies had a 3223 LCS population. All types of primary and secondary articles were retrieved except for qualitative studies. The evidence was evaluated by an appraisal scoring tool followed by the guidelines of the “Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research ( EQUATOR) network”. The included papers had a mean appraisal score of 0.7807 on a 0 to 1 scale (SD 0.08), the minimum score was for study protocols (0.5870), and the maximum score was for Cohort studies (.8977). Sixty seven (67) evidence-based interventions were documented from 17 clinical categories. The most weighted interventions were treating underlying symptoms of long COVID (Adjusted score 1/1), management of fatigue (Adjusted score 0.963/1), aerobic exercise and balance training (Adjusted score 0.951/1), multidisciplinary rehabilitation (Adjusted score 0.926/1), and low resistance training and aerobic exercise (Adjusted score 0.889/1). Conclusion: We recommend Long COVID rehabilitation in a multidisciplinary approach by treating the individual symptoms, especially fatigue. Physiotherapy interventions play a significant role as most of the recommended interventions were exercise, modalities, patient education, respiratory rehabilitation, and telerehabilitation Scoping reviews do not require protocol registration from PROSPERO.
Evaluation and comparison of the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children undergoing administration of local anesthesia.
Authors: Parakh Himani , Thosar Nilima 
Published: May 2023

Administration of local anesthesia via injection is the main reason for inducing anxiety in children and if not intervened it aggravates the anxiety in subsequent appointments. There are many approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that can be used to reduce children's perception of pain and anxiety. A frequently used non-pharmacological behaviour management method to reduce anxiety and procedure pain is distraction. The rationale of distraction is to shift the attention to avert the brain from receiving unwanted stimulus which induce anxiousness. Many approaches including music, television, portable video games, virtual reality (VR) helmet, and virtual reality audio-visual eyewear, have been implemented so far. Kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles may help as distraction techniques in reducing the levels of anxiety caused during administration of local anesthesia. By the aid of which the operator may be able to make the dental experience child friendly and ultimately provide quality dental care to anxious children. Non pharmacological measures of reducing pain are cost effective and best means that can be used while performing dental procedures. This is a research protocol for a study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of kaleidoscope and virtual reality goggles to reduce dental anxiety in young children.
Offering Memories to Sell Goods? Pricing and Welfare Implications of Experiential Retail
Authors: Mutlu Nevin , El-Amine Hadi , Sahin Ozge 
Published: May 2023

Problem definition: In an environment where consumers’ rising valuation of Instagrammable memories drives their spending from products to experiences, retailers offer experiences to attract consumers back to their stores. Yet, it is not obvious under which settings consumers can benefit from these experiences and raise retailers’ profits. Methodology/results: We use a random utility model for consumer choice in both monopoly and duopoly settings. For the latter, we pose a game-theoretic model to analyze the equilibrium prices, profits, and consumer welfare for various problem cases. We show that medium-quality experiences can lower the product sales and store traffic below the level when no experience is offered. Sufficiently low- or high-quality experiences overcome this issue, making the consumers better off. Yet, the former presents the only profitable option when a single retailer in the market offers an experience. In contrast, when both retailers adopt experiences, low-quality experiences may not be profitable, and the retailers would need to adopt even higher-quality experiences, which lead to a “win-win-win” outcome for the two retailers and consumers. A fee structure for the experience elevates retailer profits but can turn stores into outlets where consumers visit to purchase experiences and not products. When experiential retailing is the common practice in the market, it enables “win-win-win” outcomes when free experiences fail. Managerial implications: Being the first to study this new retail format, our results contribute to the ongoing debate on the settings under which experiential offerings are beneficial for the retailers and consumers and highlight that there is no one-size-fits-all strategy. Our results show that experiences affect main product sales in nonobvious ways, especially in competitive markets. In a (post-)pandemic world where retailers try to attract consumers back to stores, we offer insights that can guide retailers in the process.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0339 .
Thermally tunable GeSi electro-absorption modulator with a wide effective operating wavelength range
Authors: Liu Yufei , Sun Jialiang , Li Xinyu , Wang Shuxiao , Yue Wencheng , Cai Yan , Yu Mingbin 
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a GeSi electro-absorption modulator with on-chip thermal tuning for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Theoretical simulation proves that the device temperature can be tuned and the effective operating wavelength range can be broadened. When the heater power is 4.63 mW, the temperature of the waveguide increases by about 27 K and the theoretical operating wavelength range is broadened by 23.7 nm. The experimental results show that the optical transmission line shifted to the longer wavelength by 4.8 nm by every 1 mW heater power. The effective static operating wavelength range of the device is increased from 34.4 nm to 60.1 nm, which means it is broadened by 25.7 nm. The band edge shift coefficient of 0.76 nm/K is obtained by temperature simulation and linear fitting of the measured data. The device has a 3 dB EO bandwidth of 89 GHz at 3 V reverse bias, and the eye diagram measurement shows a data rate of 80 Gbit/s for non-return-to-zero on–off keying modulation and 100 Gbit/s for 4 pulse amplitude modulation in the 1526.8 nm to 1613.2 nm wavelength range as the heater power increases from 0 mW to 10.1 mW.
Triaxial accelerometer-measured physical activity and functional behaviours among people with High Grade Glioma: The BrainWear Study
Authors: Dadhania Seema , Pakzad-Shahabi Lillie , Mistry Sanjay , Williams Matt 
Published: May 2023

Background
High-grade gliomas (HGG) account for 60–75% of all adult gliomas. The complexity of treatment, recovery and survivorship creates a need for novel monitoring approaches. Accurate assessment of physical function plays a vital role in clinical evaluation. Digital wearable tools could help us address unmet needs by offering unique advantages such as scale, cost and continuous real-world objective data. We present data from 42 patients enrolled into the BrainWear study.

Methods
An AX3 accelerometer was worn by patients from diagnosis or at recurrence. Age-, sex-matched UK Biobank control groups were chosen for comparison.

Results
80% of data were categorised as high-quality demonstrating acceptability. Remote, passive monitoring identifies moderate activity reduces both during a course of radiotherapy (69 to 16 minutes/day) and at the time of progressive disease assessed by MRI (72 to 52 minutes/day). Mean acceleration (mg) and time spent walking daily (h/day) correlated positively with the global health quality of life and physical functioning scores and inversely with the fatigue score. Healthy controls walked on average 2.91h/day compared to 1.32h/day for the HGG group on weekdays and 0.91h/day on the weekend. The HGG cohort slept for longer on weekends (11.6h/day) than weekdays (11.2h/day) compared to healthy controls (8.9h/day).

Conclusion
Wrist-worn accelerometers are acceptable and longitudinal studies feasible. HGG patients receiving a course of radiotherapy reduce their moderate activity by 4-fold and are at least half as active as healthy controls at baseline. Remote monitoring can provide a more informed and objective understanding of patient activity levels to help optimise health related quality of life (HRQoL) among a patient cohort with an extremely limited lifespan.
A comparative analysis of APGAR score and the gold standard in the diagnosis of birth asphyxia at a tertiary health facility in Kenya
Authors: Njie Albertine Enjema , Nyandiko Winstone Mokaya , Ahoya Phinehas Ademi , Moutchia Jude Suh 
Published: May 2023

Background
Birth asphyxia is a consistent key contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality, notably in sub-Saharan Africa. The APGAR score, though a globally used diagnostic tool for birth asphyxia, remains largely understudied especially in resource-poor settings.

Objective
This study determined how effectively the APGAR score is used to diagnose birth asphyxia in comparison to the gold standard (umbilical cord blood pH <7 with neurologic involvement) at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH), and identified healthcare provider factors that affect ineffective use of the score.

Methods
Using a quantitative cross-sectional hospital-based design, term babies born in MTRH who weighed ≥2500g were randomly and systematically sampled; and healthcare providers who assign APGAR scores were enrolled via a census. Umbilical cord blood was drawn at birth and at 5minutes for pH analysis. APGAR scores assigned by healthcare providers were recorded. Effective use of the APGAR score was determined by sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. At a significance level of 0.05, multiple logistic regression analysis identified the independent provider-associated factors affecting ineffective use of the APGAR score.

Results
We enrolled 102 babies, and 50 (49%) were females. Among the 64 healthcare providers recruited, 40 (63%) were female and the median age was 34.5years [IQR: 31.0, 37.0]. Assigned APGAR scores had a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 89%, with positive and negative predictive values of 62% and 92% respectively. Healthcare provider factors associated with ineffective APGAR score use included: instrumental delivery (OR: 8.83 [95% CI: 0.79, 199]), lack of access to APGAR scoring charts (OR: 56.0 [95% CI: 12.9, 322.3]), and neonatal resuscitation (OR: 23.83 [95% CI: 6.72, 101.99]).

Conclusion
Assigned APGAR scores had low sensitivity and positive predictive values. Healthcare provider factors independently associated with ineffective APGAR scoring include; instrumental delivery, lack of access to APGAR scoring charts, and neonatal resuscitation.
The effects of an integrated exercise and cardiovascular health education programme on community-dwelling older adults at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lo Flora M. W. , Wong Eliza M. L. , Ho Ka Yan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAlthough older adults are at an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the effect of an integrated exercise and cardiovascular health education programme based on self-efficacy theory has not been well investigated among older adults. This study aims at examining the effect of this programme on community-dwelling older adults at risk of ASCVD concerning physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy and ASCVD risk profile.MethodsA parallel two-arm randomised controlled trial with pretest-posttest design will be performed among 190 Chinese community-dwelling adults aged 60 or above in elderly community centres of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Eligible participants will be randomised by computerised generation. Experimental group will receive a 12-week integrated exercise and cardiovascular health education programme, which comprises a one-hour group-based health education talk conducted at Week 1, a booklet, a lecture video, a tailor-made exercise video, and a booster intervention by text messaging starting from Week 1 to Week 12. Control group will receive placebo intervention including a talk on basic health issues, a lecture video and corresponding leaflet. The outcomes will be investigated through self-report questionnaires and physiological evaluations at baseline, Week 12, Week 24, and Week 36. Physical activity level, exercise self-efficacy and ASCVD risk profile will be assessed, with physical activity level at Week 24 considered the primary outcome. The main intervention effect (group differences on continuous outcome variables) will be examined via Generalized Estimating Equations with identity link.DiscussionThis study findings will provide clues to the effect of the integrated exercise and cardiovascular health education programme, which is theoretically underpinned with self-efficacy theory, in older adults at risk of ASCVD. It will also enhance the quality of community health education by providing insight into the effective teaching strategies targeting older adults.Trial registrationThis study has been registered on ChinicalTrial.gov (Trial ID:NCT05434273).
A Narrative Review of Financial Burden, Distress, and Toxicity of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the United States
Authors: Kahn-Boesel Olivia , Cautha Sandhya , Ufere Nneka N. , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N. , Kochar Bharati 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) affect >3 million Americans and are associated with tremendous economic burden. Direct patient-level financial impacts, financial distress, and financial toxicity are less well understood. We aimed to summarize the literature on patient-level financial burden, distress, and toxicity associated with IBD in the United States.

METHODS:
We conducted a literature search of US studies from 2002 to 2022 focused on direct/indirect costs, financial distress, and toxicity for patients with IBD. We abstracted study objectives, design, population characteristics, setting, and results.

RESULTS:
Of 2,586 abstracts screened, 18 articles were included. The studies comprised 638,664 patients with IBD from ages 9 to 93 years. Estimates for direct annual costs incurred by patients ranged from $7,824 to $41,829. Outpatient costs ranged from 19% to 45% of direct costs, inpatient costs ranged from 27% to 36%, and pharmacy costs ranged from 7% to 51% of costs. Crohn’s disease was associated with higher costs than ulcerative colitis. Estimates for indirect costs varied widely; presenteeism accounted for most indirect costs. Severe and active disease was associated with greater direct and indirect costs. Financial distress was highly prevalent; associated factors included lower education level, lower household income, public insurance, comorbid illnesses, severity of IBD, and food insecurity. Higher degrees of financial distress were associated with greater delays in medical care, cost-related medication nonadherence, and lower health-related quality of life.

DISCUSSION:
Financial distress is prevalent among patients with IBD; financial toxicity is not well characterized. Definitions and measures varied widely. Better quantification of patient-level costs and associated impacts is needed to determine avenues for intervention.
Effect of metformin on transcriptome and adipokinome of adipocytes of local fat deposts of patients with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Dyleva Yu. A. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Belik E. V. , Borodkina D. A. , Sinitskiy M. Yu. , Ivanov S. V. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: The information available to date on the effect of metformin on the transcriptome and secretory capacity of adipocytes in human adipose tissue (AT) is scarce and contradictory. The study analyzed whether metformin in vitro modulates gene expression and secretion of adiponectin and leptin in the AT of subcutaneous (SAT), epicardial (EAT) and perivascular (PVAT) localization of patients with ischemic artery disease (IHD).AIM: To assess the effect of metformin at various concentrations (1 and 10 mmol / L) on the level of expression of adiponectin and leptin genes and their content in adipocytes of subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular AT of patients with IHD.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 134 patients with IHD and indications for direct myocardial revascularization by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). During the operation, biopsies of SAT, EAT and PVAT were obtained for 3–5 gram, which served as a source of adipocytes. Isolated adipocytes were cultured for 24 hours with and without metformin (1 and 10 mmol / L). After a day of incubation, the expression of the ADIPOQ and LEP genes and the level of secretion of adiponectin and leptin in the culture medium of adipocytes were determined. Statistical processing was performed using the GraphPad Prism 6 software package (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA) and Statistica software, 6.1 (Dell Software, Inc., Round Rock, TX, USA).RESULTS: The adipocytes of the EAT and PVAT of patients with IHD were characterized by an imbalance in the adipokine system, manifested by a low level of ADIPOQ expression and a high LEP expression in comparison with adipocytes of the SAT. Metformin increased the level of ADIPOQ expression and its secretion by adipocytes regardless of their location, while a low concentration (1 mmol / L) in adipocytes of EAT had a stronger effect compared to 10 mmol / L. Metformin had a multidirectional effect on the level of leptin in adipocytes, which depended on their localization: both in low (1 mmol / L) and high concentrations (10 mmol / L), the drug reduced the level of LEP expression and protein secretion in the culture medium of adipocytes of the SAT. EAT had no significant effect on adipocytes. In PVAT, metformin increased the expression and secretion of leptin regardless of concentration.CONCLUSION: Metformin has a direct effect on adipocytes in SAT, EAT, and PVAT and is able to modulate their activity, which is a promising strategy for maintaining the balance of adipokines in AT, especially epicardial and perivascular localization.
The mechanism for the positive effect of foreign language peace of mind in the Chinese EFL context: a moderated mediation model based on learners’ individual resources
Authors: Zhou Li , Lochtman Katja , Xi Yiheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Foreign language peace of mind (FLPOM) is conceptualized as a Chinese culture-specific low-arousal positive emotional state of inner peace and harmony. It is used to describe learners’ psychological well-being in the Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) context. This study examines the intermediate mechanism for the positive effect of FLPOM on language achievement by testing learners’ cognitive engagement as a mediator on the relationship between FLPOM and language achievement and competitive psychological climate as a moderator of the mediation effect. Foreign language enjoyment (FLE), a comparatively high-arousal positive emotion, is also tested in the same model for comparison purposes. Results showed that cognitive engagement mediated the relationship between both FLPOM and FLE and language achievement and that competitive psychological climate negatively moderated (i.e., weakened) the mediation effect of cognitive engagement on FLE and achievement, but did not moderate the mediation effect of cognitive engagement on FLPOM and achievement. The findings point to the role of FLPOM in gaining learners’ individual resources (e.g., cognitive engagement) and, more importantly, the distinctive role of the low-arousal emotion of FLPOM in lowering resource loss and maintaining learner engagement in high resource loss (e.g., high competitiveness, high stress) circumstances.
Comparison of interferon-gamma production between TB1 and TB2 tubes of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus: a meta-analysis
Authors: Darmawan Guntur , Liman Lie Monica Sherine , Hamijoyo Laniyati , Atik Nur , Alisjahbana Bachti , Sahiratmadja Edhyana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
CD8 T-cells play an important role in interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production as a host defense against tuberculosis (TB) infection. Therefore, QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) was developed by adding a TB2 tube beside the TB1 tube. This study aimed to compare and analyze the difference in IFN-γ production between the two tubes in general and specific populations.

Content
PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO were searched for studies reporting IFN-γ production levels in the TB1 and TB2 tubes. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.

Summary
A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The IFN-γ production in the TB2 tube was statistically higher than that in the TB1 tube (mean difference (MD)=0.02, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI): 0.01–0.03). Further subgroup analysis in specific populations revealed that the MD of IFN-γ production between the TB2 and TB1 tubes was significantly higher in active TB subjects than in latent TB infection (LTBI) subjects (MD=1.13, 95 % CI: 0.49–1.77, and MD=0.30, 95 % CI: 0.00–0.60, respectively). A similar finding was found in immune-mediated inflammatory disease subjects, but not statistically significant. Interestingly, IFN-γ production capacity was lower in active TB subjects than in LTBI subjects in each of the TB1 and TB2 tubes.

Outlook
This study is the first to systematically compare IFN-γ production between the TB1 and TB2 tubes. The IFN-γ production was higher in the TB2 tube than in the TB1 tube, representing the host’s CD8 T-cell response magnitude to TB infection.