bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Transplanting Date and Pot Shapes on Flowering and Seed Production of Antirrhinum Majus L. Plants
Authors: Milhim Khalid Ismael , Al-Ma’athedi Ali Farouq 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To demonstrate the impact of planting date and pot shape on Flowering and Seed Production of Snapdragon plants under various production systems, a factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) was carried out in a local nursery in the city of Duhok in northern Iraq from Jan 10, 2021, to Jan 6, 2022. Each experimental unit had eight pots, for a total of 92 pots in the experiment, which had 24 experimental units and four replications. The experiment made use of the Snapshot Mix cultivar of the second group of Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.). The date of transplanting from germination and the of the pot shapes were two factors in the experiment. Growth characteristics were recorded from the first flower bud opened, including an estimate of the number of days until colour appeared, the number of florets and the combined weight of the wet and dry inflorescence. The characteristics of the seeds were also measured when the fruits were formed and reached full maturity, namely their percentage of germination, rate of germination, number of cans, number of seeds and weight of 1000 seeds. The results showed that the date of transplanting had a significant impact on flowering characteristics, it can also be seen that plants grown in circular pots outperformed those grown in square pots, where they were: 33.07 cans, 2037.5 seeds, 0.166 g, 91.48%, and 1.95 days, which was positively reflected in the flowering characteristics.
Effect of Transplanting Date and Pot Shapes on Vegetative Growth and Flowering of Antirrhinum Majus L. Plants
Authors: Ibrahim Khalid Ismael Milhim , Al-Ma’athedi Ali Farouq 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) was conducted in a local nursery in the city of Duhok in northern Iraq from January 10, 2021, to January 6, 2022, to show the impact of planting date and pot shape on Flowering and Seed Production of Snapdragon plants under various production systems. In the experiment, which comprised 24 experimental units and four replications, there were 92 pots altogether, making up eight pots each experimental unit. The second group of Snapdragon’s Snapshot Mix cultivar was used in the experiment (Antirrhinum majus L.). Two variables in the experiment were the time since germination and the design of the pots. The vegetative and flowering growth characteristics that were studied: plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, inflorescence length, inflorescence diameter, flowering time, number of inflorescences, total number of florets and marketing acceptance score. The results showed that the delayed transplanting date two weeks after germination was significantly better in terms of the studied traits, which were the number of leaves (62.30 leaves plant-1), leaf area (86.85 cm2), inflorescence length (10.49 mm), flowering time (27.07 days), number of inflorescences (10.33 inflorescence plant-1), the total number of florets was (51.59 florets plant-1). From the results, it is clear that the round pot’s shape was clearly superior at the conclusion of the experiment.
Effect of Ground Addition of Seaweed Extract and NPK Fertilizer on the Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Aloe vera L.
Authors: Al-Jameel Shahlaa Adil Akahit , Fleih Sabah Abd 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To investigate the impact of ground application of seaweed extract and NPK fertilizer on some vegetative growth characteristics of Aloe vera, an experiment was conducted during the agricultural season (2021-2022) in the wooden canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering at the College of Agriculture / University of Karbala. The experiment had two factors: the addition of fertilizer to the neutralized NPK at three concentrations (4, 2, 0) g.L-1, and the employment of an environmentally friendly nutritional program by adding seaweed powder to the chemical program of adding NPK fertilizer neutralized 20:20:20 L-1. The following emerged from the experiment’s findings: (1) The ground addition of seaweed extract of the aloe vera plant led to a significant increase in all vegetative characteristics when treated T3 concentration (3 g. L-1) (plant height 32.11 cm, leaf thickness 10.93 mm, number of leaves 12.56 leaves plant-1, fresh weight 167.78 g, leaf dry weight 55.89 g). (2) The results showed that the addition of the neutral NPK fertilizer to the aloe vera plant at a concentration of (4 g / l-1) when treated, showed significant differences in all vegetative growth characteristics (plant height (30.60) cm ،the thickness of the leaf is 9.86 mm, the number of leaves is 12.11 leaves. Plant, the fresh weight is 158.00 g, the dry weight of the leaf is 52.53 g). (3)The binary interaction between the addition of seaweed extract and NPK fertilizer when the interaction T3N4 (4g/l-1 + 3 4g/l-1) showed significant differences in all vegetative characteristics of aloe vera plant، (Plant height 34.83 cm, leaf thickness 12.73 mm, number of leaves 15.00 leaf. Plant, fresh weight 174.33 gm, dry weight 58.07 gm.
The Impact of Spur Site and Foliar Application of Zinc and Boron in some Specifications, of Apples (IBrahimi variety)
Authors: Kufesh Sura Ahmed , Abdul Ahmed Samir , Saleh Ali 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Studying the impact of spur location and zinc and boron spraying on certain growth and flowering characteristics and yield of the Ibrahimi apple variety was conducted in one of the private orchards in a city in the Al-Saqlawiyah sub-district, Fallujah district, Anbar governorate, during the seasons 2021 and 2022. Fifty-four trees with rather consistent growth were chosen at the age of five years and planted on plots measuring 4 meters by 4 meters. The trees were sprayed with zinc (ZN0, ZN1) and boron (B0, B1, B2) twice yearly in a factorial experiment with a 3X3X2 RCBD randomized complete block design, where the first factor represents the selection of the spur site and its symbol (S1, S2, S3), the second factor is spraying, and the third factor is spraying. A considerable rise in the investigated characteristics was seen after spraying with the components under investigation (average fruit size, average fruit diameter, percentage of fallen fruits and percentage of remaining fruits).
Effect of Biohealth Biostimulant and Dry Yeast Suspension on some Chemical Characteristics of Leaves and the Total Yield of Two Varieties of Kohlrabi Brassica oleracea var Gongylodes
Authors: Ali Hayder Abd Alwahab Abd Alrazaq , Mutar Khalid Abed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this experiment was to determine the impact that applying the biostimulant Boiohealth and spraying dry bread yeast suspension would have on the chemical components of the leaves and the total yield of two different varieties of kohlrabi during the autumn of 2021-2022 at the University of Karbala’s College of Agriculture. The experiment included two factors, The first factor includes eight fertilizer combinations, its without addition (T1), adding Biohealth (T2), spraying the yeast suspension at a concentration of 2 gm L-1(T3), spraying the yeast suspension at a concentration of 4 gm L-1(T4), spraying the yeast suspension at a concentration of 6 gm L-1(T5), add Biohealth + spray yeast suspension at a concentration of 2 g L-1(T6), add Biohealth + spray yeast suspension at a concentration of 4 g L-1(T7), add Biohealth + spray yeast suspension at a concentration of 6 g L-1(T8) The second factor is two varieties of words: White Vienna and Purple delicacy. Treatment T8 outperformed the rest of the treatments, as it gave the highest percentage of chlorophyll, which amounted to 7.709%, the highest percentage of nitrogen, which amounted to 3.170%, the highest percentage of phosphorous, which amounted to 0.3659%, the highest percentage of potassium, which amounted to 1.351%, and the highest total yield of 27.00 tons ha-1. The results show the superiority of the White Vienna variety over the Purple delicacy in the percentage of chlorophyll and the percentage of phosphorous, which amounted to 7.079% and 0.3503%, respectively, while the Purple delicacy was superior to the percentage of nitrogen, which amounted to 2.864%, the percentage of potassium, which amounted to 1.305%, and the total yield of 22.76 Ton hectare-1.
Effect of Applying Bio Fertilizers and Salicylic Acid Application on NPK in Soil and Fruits of Eggplant solanaum melongena. Under Protected Conditions
Authors: Al-Rishawi Nora Hamed Obaid , Noni Ghanem Bahloul , Hadi Baqer Jallab 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2022-2021 in greenhouses in the second agricultural research station of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Muthanna in the Al-Bandar region, southwest of Al-Muthanna Governorate to study the effect of applying the bio-inoculum to Azospirillum and Mycorrhiza and spraying with different levels of salicylic acid. The study of a field experiment designed by randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and two factors, where the first factor, the A.lipoferum bacteria and Mycorrhiza and the second factor represents spraying with salicylic acid at three levels. The bio fertilizer of A.lipoferum and Mycorrhiza B3 treatment achieved a significant increase in the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in the soil and plants. The treatment of salicylic acid gave a significant superiority, as the S2 treatment recorded a superiority in the ‘concentration of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium ready in the soil.
Response of Date Palm Cv. Khastawi to Foliar Spray with Micro-Elements, Gibberellic Acid and Salicylic Acid
Authors: Jubair Nafea A. , Al-Dulaimy Ahmed F. Z. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted in one of the private palm orchards in the district of Hit - Euphrates district during the 2021-2022 growing season on date palm trees (Cv. Khastawi), aged 30 years, to find out the response of the date palm cultivar Khastawi to spraying with micro-elements at concentrations (0, 1 g L-1) and symbolized by (M0 and M1), and spraying with gibberellic acid at concentrations (0, 100, 200 mg L-1) and symbolized by (G0, G1, and G2) respectively, and spraying with salicylic acid in concentrations (0, 100, 200 mg L-1) and symbols symbolized by (S0, S1, S2) respectively. All service operations of the orchard were carried out in the same way as adding animal manure, pruning, pollination, watering, pest control and other service operations in a similar manner for all experimental units. The results showed that spraying with microelements at concentration (M1) showed a significant effect on all studied traits except for the non-reducing sugars content of the fruits and it amounted to (11.00 g, 15.42 kg cluster-1, 121.73 kg palm-1, 69.41%, 44.47%, 59.12%) this is for the traits (fruit weight, cluster weight, yield, total soluble solids, reducing sugars, total sugars), respectively. Also, spraying with gibberellin showed a significant effect on the traits (fruit weight, yield, total soluble solids), and the treatment (G2) gave the highest values for the trait (fruit weight). On the other hand, salicylic spraying have a significant effect on the studied traits (fruit weight, cluster weight, total soluble solids, reducing sugars and total sugars). The concentration (S2) showed the best values for the two traits with (11.31 g, 15.52 kg cluster-1, 69.50%, 43.84% and 59.37%), respectively. The two-way interactions between the study factors showed a significant effect that varied according to the type of trait and the interaction factors. Whereas for the three-way interaction between the study factors reached the level of significance in all the studied traits.
Effect of Tipping and Foliar Application of Proline and Botminn Plus on Yield and Quality of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Khoshnaw
Authors: Mustafa Shayan Akram , Al-Atrushy Shawkat Mustafa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study was carried out on 20 years old grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) cv. Khoshnaw, which was growing in Chwarta town northeastern Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region/Iraq, during the growing season 2021, to investigate the effect of tipping, foliar application of proline (0, 100, and 200 mg.L-1), botminn plus (0, 3 and 6 ml.L-1) and their interaction on yield and chemical characteristics of the grape. The vineyard was rain-fed cultivation and its elevation is 974 m above sea level. The results showed that tipping, foliar application of proline especially at 200 mg.L-1, and botminn plus especially at 6 ml.L-1gave the highest cluster weight, the number of clusters.vine-1, total yield, TSS, total sugar, vitamin C, and Anthocyanin, While both of them did not significantly affect the percentage of phenols. The triple interaction between tipping, proline, and botminn plus significantly enhanced all detected traits since tipped vine + 200 mg.L-1proline + 6 ml.L-1botminn plus significantly outshine in yield and chemical characteristics of grape except total sugar and phenols compared to the untreated trees (control).
Effect of Foliar Applications of Amino Acids, Benzyl Adenine and Nano-Fertilizers on Yield Quantity and Quality of Grapevine cv. ‘Thompson Seedless’
Authors: Rashid Derin Ali , Al-Atrushy Shawkat Mustafa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study was carried out on a private vineyard, located in Sulaymaniyah governorate, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, during the growing season (2021) to investigate the effect of foliar applications of amino acids (Tecamin Max) (AA) at (0, 5, 10 mL/L), benzyl adenine (BA) at (0, 100, 200 mg/L), Nano-NPK fertilizer at (0, 2, 4 g/L) and their interactions on the productivity, physical and chemical fruit characteristics of grape cv. ‘Thompson Seedless’. The results confirmed that the highest concentrations of all applicants; AA, BA and Nano-NPK either solely or as a triple combination, recorded the higher values of the number of clusters per vine, cluster weight, total yield per vine, total sugars%, total soluble solids%, vitamin C, total carotene and total phenol contents in the berries. Triple interaction effects of AA + BA + Nano-NPK also resulted in many significant differences, in which 10 mL/L AA + 200 mg/L BA + 4 g/L Nano-NPK obtained the superior significant values of the number of clusters per vine (61.33), cluster weight (1.25 kg), total yield per vine (77.73 kg), total sugars (29.18%), and total soluble solids (29.9%). However, the highest mean value of vitamin C (3.63 mg/g f.w.) resulted from foliar application of 5 mL/L AA, both control and 100 mg/L BA and 2 g/L Nano-NPK, whereas the triple interactions of 10 mL/L AA+ 100 mg/L BA + 4 g/L Nano-NPK, and 5 mL/L AA + 0 mg/L BA + 4 g/L Nano-NPK gave the significant superior values of total carotene (3.01 mg/kg) and total phenol (1.46%) contents, respectively.
The Use of Magnetic Technology to Grow the Duckweed Lemna sp. Plant and Invest its Live Mass in Feeding Fish
Authors: Al-Taee Nidhal Tahseen Taha , Mahmood Bakar Seddiq 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMagnetization enhances the energy of cells through its high ability to permeate materials to them. The vital processes in a living cell are directly proportional to the magnetic field. Magnetization affects various vital processes in the transfer of ions through the cell membrane. The study was conducted in the fish laboratory of the Department of Animal Production at the College of Agriculture and Forestry / the University of Mosul for a period of eight days. The duckweed plant (Lemnasp) was cultured with a weight of 5 + 1.25 g / liter in plastic tubs containing 25 liters of water in fish farming ponds by three treatments for the purpose of measuring the effect of the productivity of duckweed plant growth, and the percentage of nutrients in it when using magnetization 1500 gas with air pumping by means of an air pump. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences (P≤ 0.05) for the experimental treatments, as the pH increased in treatment 4 and decreased in treatment 3 during the days of the experiment, and it was noted that the dissolved oxygen increased in treatment 1 and decreased in treatment 2 during the days of the experiment. The results showed that the temperature increased in treatment 3 and decreased in treatment 4 during period 2, and the electrical conductivity increased in treatment 4 and decreased during treatment 1 during periods 4, 6, and 8. The results indicated an increase in the total hardness values in treatments 2 and 3 during the trial days, and the calcium hardness values in treatments 4 and 5 also increased during periods 2 and 4. The results of the analysis showed an increase in calcium concentration in treatments 4 and 5 during periods 2 and 4 as well as treatments 2 and 5 in periods 6 and 8, and a decrease in treatments 2 and 3 during the experimental days for the concentration of chlorides. Through the results of the study, it was observed that the concentration of nitrates increased in treatment 3 during periods 2 and 4, and a decrease in sulfate concentration was observed in treatment 5 and 3 during periods 6 and 8. It was found that the concentration of phosphate treatment 2 increased during periods 2 and 4, the concentration of solids decreased during treatment 3 during the days of the experiment, and the percentage of fat, carbohydrates, and ash increased in treatment 1. While the percentage of protein in the treatment components 3 and 4 of the nutrients contained in the duckweed plant increased.
Morphological and Molecular Identification of Fungi Associated with Zuri Fish(Pilchard sp.) in Karbala / Iraq
Authors: Al-Hakeem Asmaa Mansour , Al-Tememe Zeinab A. M. , Alssirag Manal Abd 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study aims to identify the fungi that can accompany the Zuri fish (sp. Pilchard) from freshwater fish in Karbala / Iraq. Isolation from all parts of the body of Zuri showed two types of fungi: Rhizopus stolonifer with a frequency of 40% and 20% to the fungus Aspergillus niger. The phenotypically isolated fungi were diagnosed using approved taxonomic keys, and the diagnosis was confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.
Productive and Physiological Performance of Laying Hens Under Different Levels of Okra Powder
Authors: Saleh Zahraa M. , Taha Ahmed T. , Allaw Ahmed A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding okra powder, C and E vitamins to diets on the productivity, physiological, and some antioxidants indicators of laying hens. A total 300 laying hens used in this experimental distributed into five treatments, three replicate each (n=15 hens each replicate) and reared under conventional conditions. T1: control (commercially based laying hens diet); T2: (Control+250 mgVit. C/kg feed); T3 (control diet+200 mg Vite. E/kg feed); T4: (control+2 g Okra/kg feed); and T5: (control+4 g Okra/kg). The result show : There were significant differences in laying performance (HD%) in T2 compared to the other treatments in the period (38-41). Egg weight and egg mass were affected by feeding of okra powder, vitamin C and E compared to the control treatment. Serum triglycerides concentration was significantly lower in T4 compared to the other treatments. On the other hand, the MDA concentration significantly decreased and increased GSH concentration in T2, T3 and T4 compared to the T1 and T5. Estrogen hormone concentration was significantly higher in T3, T4, and T5 compared to the other treatments
Effect of Broiler Diet Colour on Production Characteristics and Economic Parameters
Authors: Al-Hiyali Loay Abdul Hafidh , Altamee Nawaf Gazi Abuud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of broiler diet colour on production performance and economic parameters. 360 unsexed one-day-old broiler chicks (ROSS-308) were used, with an average starting weight of 41.8 g. They were randomly distributed over four transactions since the first day of incubation, as follows: T1 = control diet treatment (no addition), T2 = blue diet treatment, T3 = green diet treatment and T4 = red diet treatment, with six replicates per treatment. Each repeater contains 15 birds. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant superiority (P≤0.05) of the green diet treatment compared to control and blue diet treatments in final body weight, total weight gain, total feed consumption, average carcass weight, herd homogeneity ratio and European productivity efficiency factor. There was a significant decrease in the relative weight of the fabricia gland and abdominal fat in favor of the green diet treatment differences, and there were no significant differences in the total conversion factor and mortality rate and an increase in the value of the net revenue and the percentage of the net revenue for the total breeding period (35) days in the treatments of colour additions to the feed compared to the control treatment.. Adding colors to the ration improved most of the productive traits, carcass traits and economic criteria.
The Effect of using Nano-Selenium and Vitamin D3 on some Blood Parameters in Male Awassi Lambs
Authors: Al-Janabi Abdul Khaliq Ahmed Farhan , Salah Sataa Mohammed , Wail Maysaloon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The research was carried out in the Animal Production Department of the College of Agriculture at Tikrit University in Iraq. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of administering nano-selenium and vitamin D3 to Awassi sheep on a variety of biochemical parameters of blood. Sixteen Awassi lambs were employed in the study; their ages ranged from (4-5) months, and their average weight was (19.56 0.17 kg). These lambs were randomly split into four groups (4 animals per group), and the investigation spanned two time periods (45 and 90 days). The first group (control) received 10 ml of distilled water (per animal), while the second group (treatment) was dosed with 0.5 mg of selenium nanoparticles/kg of feed and the third group (treatment) was dosed with 5.5 international units of vitamin D3/kg of body weight. Fourth, the results of this investigation showed that the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low lipoproteins all decreased significantly (P≤0.05) after a combination dose of the nano-element selenium and vitamin D3 (0.5 mg/kg feed + 5.5 international units/kg body weight). High-density lipoproteins were significantly increased (P≤0.05) in the second treatment compared to the control treatment, but low-density and very low-density lipoproteins were decreased. Serum creatinine levels were found to be significantly lower after the second and fourth treatments compared to the first (control) and third treatments (P≤0.05), whereas blood urea levels and AST and ALT enzyme levels were not statistically different between the treatments.