bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percepciones y necesidades formativas del profesorado en torno a las prácticas lectoras y el Plan Lector del Centro
Authors: Galarraga Arrizabalaga Haizea , Alonso Amezua Idurre , Antonio-Agirre Iratxe 
Published: April 2023

Students’ reading comprehension and the habit of regular reading are a growing concern, reinforcing the need to design and implement solid and efficient Reading Plans in schools, as well as to support and increase teacher training. This paper aims to understand the perceptions and training needs of teachers from a range of areas and educational stages in relation to their own personal reading habits, their teaching practices and the needs of their students. This paper also aims to enrich a training process carried out in a school, with a view to the construction of a Reading Project. A mixed approach has made it possible to collect data from questionnaires and discussion groups carried out with teachers from a range of disciplines and educational stages. The results suggest that the value teachers assign to personal and professional reading is higher than expected. The results also suggest a series of specific needs: to involve all areas of knowledge in the evaluation of reading competence and the promotion of reading habits; to promote coordination between various educational stages; to improve and establish criteria for text selection; and to revitalise resources such as classroom and school libraries.
La comprensión lectora, junto al hábito de lectura, del alumnado es una preocupación en alza; lo cual refuerza la necesidad de diseñar e implementar Planes Lectores sólidos y eficientes en los centros escolares y abogar por la formación docente. Este trabajo pretende conocer las percepciones y necesidades formativas que el profesorado de distintas áreas y etapas educativas identifica acerca de su propio hábito lector, sus prácticas didácticas y las necesidades del alumnado con el que trabaja. Todo ello con el fin de enriquecer un proceso formativo llevado a cabo en un centro escolar, dirigido a la construcción de un Proyecto Lector. Un diseño mixto ha permitido recoger datos provenientes tanto de cuestionarios como de grupos de discusión realizados con profesorado de diversas etapas y disciplinas. Los resultados sugieren que los docentes muestran un nivel superior al esperado en el valor atribuido a la lectura personal y profesional. También emergen ideas como la necesidad de involucrar todas las áreas de conocimiento en el trabajo y evaluación de la competencia lectora y el fomento del hábito lector, impulsar la coordinación entre etapas, mejorar y establecer los criterios de selección de textos y revitalizar recursos como las bibliotecas de aula y centro.
The teachers' personality factors on classroom conflict management
Authors: Afonso Lourenço Abílio , Nunes Valente Sabina , Dominguez-Lara Sergio , Simão Fulano Celso 
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to understand the predictive impact of the five factors of teachers' personalities (neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and responsibility) on conflict management in the classroom. The variables of gender, service time and academic training of teachers were also studied when they were related to personality dimensions. The NEO-Five Factors Inventory, the Rahim-II Organizational Conflict Inventory -Portuguese Version in the School Context, and a personal and professional data sheet were used as instruments, in a sample of 659 basic education teachers in Portuguese schools. Using a structural equation model, the results showed an association between all the variables under study. Neuroticism and responsibility are the best predictors of conflict management. The female gender is the one that presents the best results in all dimensions of personality. Teachers with more academic training showed less neuroticism, but were more extroverted, open to experience, agreeable, and responsible, and those with more seniority showed less neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeable. These results will constitute a mobilizing engine of more substantive pedagogical practices for the advancement of education.
El estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender el impacto predictivo de los cinco factores de la personalidad de los docentes (neuroticismo, extroversión, apertura a la experiencia, amabilidad y responsabilidad), en el manejo de conflictos en el aula. También se estudiaron las variables género, tiempo de servicio y formación académica de los docentes cuando se relacionaron con dimensiones de personalidad. Se utilizaron como instrumentos el NEO-Inventario de Cinco Factores, el Inventario de Conflicto Organizacional de Rahim-II - Versión Portuguesa en el Contexto Escolar y una ficha de datos personales y profesionales, en una muestra de 659 profesores de educación básica en escuelas portuguesas. Utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, los resultados mostraron una asociación entre todas las variables en estudio. El neuroticismo y la responsabilidad son los mejores predictores de la gestión de conflictos. El género femenino es el que presenta mejores resultados en todas las dimensiones de la personalidad. Los docentes con mayor formación académica mostraron menos neuroticismo, pero eran más extrovertidos, abiertos a la experiencia, agradables y responsables, y los de mayor antigüedad mostraron menos neuroticismo, extraversión, apertura a la experiencia y amabilidad. Estos resultados constituirán un motor movilizador de prácticas pedagógicas más sustantivas para el avance de la educación.
Inclusive and sustainable growth. A mission-driven multi-stakeholder approach
Authors: Mazzucato Mariana 
Published: April 2023

This paper is about how to learn from past experience and how to move towards the new forms of capitalism that must be at the heart of a mission-driven system, in which the big issues of our time such as the digital divide, health systems and climate change are central, and how to work together to address them. This paper is about how to design a production system that is collective, but more importantly one that properly distributes the rewards, rather than the dysfunctional way we currently do it, which is to socialise the risks and costs and then privatise the benefits. I have had the honour of working with policy makers around the world to bring the notion of challenge, purpose and mission-drive to the heart of public policy design. This paper is also about systemic change, about what it really means, about how we understand the economy, about how to produce differently.
Teeth and tooth whorls of the stem chondrichthyan Doliodus from the Early Devonian of the Gaspé Sandstone Group, Gaspé Peninsula, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Burrow Carole J. , Desbiens Sylvain 
Published: April 2023

The Early Devonian (Emsian) vertebrate fauna of the Gaspé Peninsula, Quebec (Canada) shows close affinity with the Emsian fauna from the Atholville beds, New Brunswick (Canada). Specimens collected in the early 2000s from several localities in central Gaspé include molds of tooth whorls and isolated teeth that we assign to the stem chondrichthyan Doliodus. Isolated teeth of this taxon were first described from the Atholville beds in the late 1800s by Arthur Smith Woodward, who erected a new species Diplodus problematicus. Whereas the Atholville beds teeth are usually preserved individually or in tooth families, and as hard tissue, the Gaspé teeth are mostly preserved as molds of tooth whorls, with individual teeth sharing a thin bone base. Thin sections of Doliodus teeth from the Atholville beds show parallel close-set vascular canals extending above the base plate and through tooth bases, with teeth formed of osteodentine and meso- or orthodentine. We consider that all the known dental elements assigned to Doliodus are conspecific with the articulated Doliodus specimen and thus all are assigned to the same species D. latispinosus. The teeth are compared with the diplodont teeth of other stem chondrichthyan taxa, in particular the Omalodontiformes.
Pattern of Ocular Morbidity in Patients Attending Urban Specialist Eye Clinic in South East, Nigeria
Authors: Anajekwu Cosmas Chinedu , Eze Gloria Chizoba 
Published: April 2023

Background: The pattern of eye diseases varies across the world. Racial, ethnic, socio-cultural and socio-demographic characteristics are known to exert some influence on the pattern of these eye diseases. Knowledge of these patterns is important in planning for adequate eye care services.
Aim: To determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in an urban Specialist Eye Clinic in Awka, South-East Nigeria.
Setting and Design: A two-year descriptive retrospective study of patients seen in an urban Specialist Eye Clinic in South-East Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: The needed information, which included socio-demographics and diagnosis, were extracted from patients’ case files and entered into a proforma. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Ninety five percent Confidence Interval was given for percentages and p ≤ .05 was accepted as statistically significant.
Results: Five hundred and twenty seven patients comprising 277 (52.6%) females and 250 (47.4%) males with a mean age of 43.2 ± 21.7 years seen within the two year period were reviewed. Refractive error, glaucoma, allergic eye diseases, and cataract in that order were the commonest ocular morbidities in these patients. Spherical errors were commoner than cylindrical errors. Hypermetropia was the commonest refractive error while hypermetropic astigmatism was the commonest astigmatic error. All the refractive errors were commoner in females than in males. Although 185 (35.1%) patients were presbyopic on clinical examination, only 41(7.7%) patients had presbyopia as their main diagnosis.
Conclusion: Most of the common reasons for ophthalmic consultations were refractive error, glaucoma, allergic eye diseases, and cataract. Adequate provision for the management of these conditions will help in reducing the burden of visual impairment and blindness.
Physicochemical and Microbial Characterization of Treated and Untreated Produced Water
Authors: Tudararo-Aherobo L. E. , Egieya A. J. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The discharge of produced water into the aquatic environment presents a risk to the environment. This is a form of pollution and may release toxicants that are highly noxious to sensitive marine species even at low concentrations, which causes bio-degeneration/transformation and biodiversity loss.
Research Gap: There are insufficient literatures on extensive monitoring of the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of produced water. Existing literatures concerning analysis of treated and untreated produced water are not comprehensive with respect to number of physicochemical variables analyzed.
Aim: To ascertain if the physicochemical properties and microbial population of produced water were within acceptable regulatoy specifications.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria from July, 2021 – April, 2022.
Methodology: Electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, turbidity, total petroleum hydrocarbons, nitrates, phosphates, sulphates and others were assessed using standard methods. Microbial counts were carried out for total heterotrophic bacteria and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria using the pour plate method.
Results: Values obtained for some key physicochemical parameters monitored in the produced water are as follow: pH (8.10±0.03 for untreated and 8.27±0.01 for treated); electrical conductivity (35700±11 µs/cm for untreated and 41600±17 µs/cm for treated); total dissolved solids (22848±14mg/l for untreated and 26629±9mg/l for treated); dissolved oxygen (2.05±0.01mg/l for untreated and 4.23±0.03mg/l for treated); biochemical oxygen demand (28.90±0.7mg/l for untreated and 18.4±0.1mg/l for treated); phosphate (2.05±0.01mg/l for untreated and 4.23±0.03mg/l for treated); nitrate (54.82±1.9mg/l for untreated and 50.21±0.9mg/l for treated); total hydrocarbon content (118.00±0.00mg/l for untreated and 34.00±0.00mg/l); total heterotrophic bacteria (4.1e+04 CFU/ml for untreated and 2.8e+04 CFU/ml for treated); and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (2.44e+03 CFU/ml for untreated and 1.58e+03 CFU/ml for treated). Statistical analysis of the produced water showed varying forms of correlation between physicochemical parameters of untreated and treated produced water.
Conclusion: It is important to assess properties of produced water before disposal into aquatic environment as chronic impact associated with long-term exposures may pose potential ecological risks.
Outcomes of Nonoperative vs Operative Management of Acute Appendicitis in Older Adults in the US
Authors: Meier Jennie , Stevens Audrey , Bhat Archana , Berger Miles , Balentine Courtney 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceAlthough the incidence of acute appendicitis among adults 65 years and older is high, these patients are underrepresented in randomized clinical trials comparing nonoperative vs operative management of appendicitis; it is unclear whether current trial data can be used to guide treatment in older adults.ObjectiveTo compare outcomes following nonoperative vs operative management of appendicitis in older adults and assess whether they differ from results in younger patients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used US hospital admissions data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s National Inpatient Sample from 2004 to 2017. Of 723 889 adult patients with acute uncomplicated appendicitis, 474 845 with known procedure date who survived 24 hours postprocedure and did not have inflammatory bowel disease were included (43 846 who were treated nonoperatively and 430 999 with appendectomy) were included. Data were analyzed from October 2021 to April 2022.ExposuresNonoperative vs operative management.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was incidence of posttreatment complications. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of stay, and inpatient costs. Differences were estimated using inverse probability weighting of the propensity score with sensitivity analysis to quantify effects of unmeasured confounding.ResultsThe median (IQR) age in the overall cohort was 39 (27-54) years, and 29 948 participants (51.3%) were female. In patients 65 years and older, nonoperative management was associated with a 3.72% decrease in risk of complications (95% CI, 2.99-4.46) and a 1.82% increase in mortality (95% CI, 1.49-2.15) along with increased length of hospitalization and costs. Outcomes in patients younger than 65 years were significantly different than in older adults, with only minor differences between nonoperative and operative management with respect to morbidity and mortality, and smaller differences in length of hospitalization and costs. Morbidity and mortality results were somewhat sensitive to bias from unmeasured confounding.Conclusions and RelevanceNonoperative management was associated with reduced complications in older but not younger patients; however, operative management was associated with reduced mortality, hospital length of stay, and overall costs across all age groups. The different outcomes of nonoperative vs operative management of appendicitis in older and younger adults highlights the need for a randomized clinical trial to determine the best approach for managing appendicitis in older patients.
Need and Challenges in Establishing Newborn Screening Programs for Inherited Metabolic Disorders in Developing Countries
Authors: Wasim Muhammad , Khan Haq Nawaz , Ayesha Hina , Awan Fazli Rabbi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEven in this post genomic era, no national level newborn screening (NBS) programs for inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are yet available in several developing countries including Pakistan. Through NBS, various IEMs can be screened using minute quantities of biofluids. Targeted metabolomics and genomic techniques are the main approaches used for NBS. However, lack of technical expertise and such high‐end “omics” based analytical facilities, and meager funding for healthcare in developing countries are the major reasons for unavailability of NBS programs. As it is reflected by only a handful reports about IEMs from Pakistan with population of ≈220 million and consanguinity rate of about 70%, which suggests an unmet need for an NBS program owing to reasonably high prevalence of inherited diseases. Around 200 IEMs are potentially treatable if diagnosed at an earlier stage through biochemical marker and genetic screening, so such patients can get benefit from the NBS program. This overview will help to persuade the stakeholders to setup NBS programs in developing countries including Pakistan, due to multitude of benefits for IEMs; timely diagnosis and early treatment can help the patients to live a nearly healthy life, reduced suffering of the family and minimal burden on society or national healthcare system.
Polymeric Phthalocyanine‐Based Nanosensitizers for Enhanced Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapies
Authors: Liu Shuxin , Ma Jinjuan , Xue Evelyn Y. , Wang Shaolei , Zheng Yubin , Ng Dennis K. P. , Wang Aiguo , Zheng Nan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy and sonodynamic therapy are two highly promising modalities for cancer treatment. The latter holds an additional advantage in deep‐tumor therapy owing to the deep penetration of the ultrasonic radiation. The therapeutic efficacy depends highly on the photo/ultrasound‐responsive properties of the sensitizers as well as their tumor‐localization property and pharmacokinetics. A novel nanosensitizer system based on a polymeric phthalocyanine (pPC‐TK) is reported herein in which the phthalocyanine units are connected with cleavable thioketal linkers. Such polymer could self‐assemble in water forming nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 48 nm. The degradable and flexible thioketal linkers could effectively inhibit the π–π stacking of the phthalocyanine units, rendering the resulting nanoparticles an efficient generator of reactive oxygen species upon light or ultrasonic irradiation. The nanosensitizer could be internalized into cancer cells readily, inducing cell death by efficient photodynamic and sonodynamic effects. The potency is significantly higher than that of the monomeric phthalocyanine (PC‐4COOH). The nanosensitizer could also effectively inhibit the growth of tumor in liver tumor‐bearing mice by these two therapies without causing noticeable side effects. More importantly, it could also retard the growth of a deep‐located orthotopic liver tumor in vivo by sonodynamic therapy.
Approaches to Improving the Selectivity of Nanozymes
Authors: Somerville Samuel V. , Li Qinyu , Wordsworth Johanna , Jamali Sina , Eskandarian Mohammad Reza , Tilley Richard D. , Gooding J. Justin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanozymes mimic enzymes and that includes their selectivity. To achieve selectivity, significant inspiration for nanoparticle design can come from the geometric and molecular features that make enzymes selective catalysts. The two central features enzymes use are control over the arrangement of atoms in the active site and the placing of the active site down a nanoconfined substrate channel. The implementation of enzyme‐inspired features has already been shown to both improve activity and selectivity of nanoparticles for a variety of catalytic and sensing applications. The tuning and control of active sites on metal nanoparticle surfaces ranges from simply changing the composition of the surface metal to sophisticated approaches such as the immobilization of single atoms on a metal substrate. Molecular frameworks provide a powerful platform for the implementation of isolated and discrete active sites while unique diffusional environments further improve selectivity. The implementation of nanoconfined substrate channels around these highly controlled active sites offers further ability to control selectivity through altering the solution environment and transport of reactants and products. Implementing these strategies together offers a unique opportunity to improve nanozyme selectivity in both sensing and catalysis.
NIR‐II Light Accelerated Prodrug Reduction of Pt(IV)‐Incorporating Pseudo Semiconducting Polymers for Robust Degradation and Maximized Photothermal/Chemo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Tang Dongsheng , Zhou Huiling , Cui Minhui , Liang Ganghao , Zhang Hanchen , Xiao Haihua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelective activation of Pt(IV) prodrugs within tumors is particularly attractive because of their low damage to normal tissues. However, current common activation via chemical/photoreduction of Pt(IV) prodrugs into Pt(II) counterparts is limited by undesirable spatial–temporal control over this reduction process and the ineffective tissue penetration depth of undesirable light. Here, a pseudo‐conjugated‐polymer is designed via Stille polymerization, resulting in PSP‐Pt with a Pt(IV) prodrug of oxaliplatin (Oxa(IV)) in the polymer main chain that can be activated by NIR‐II light. PSP‐Pt can co‐assemble with a commercially available lipid polymer, namely mPEG2k‐DSPE, into NPPSP‐Pt. Under 1064 nm light irradiation, NPPSP‐Pt can be photoactivated to accelerate the Pt(IV) reduction to release oxaliplatin, thereby killing the cancer cells by photothermal effect and chemo‐immunotherapy inside a mouse model with CT26 colon cancer. This work reports the application of NIR‐II light for accelerating Pt(IV) reduction for cancer tumor therapy.
Facile and Controllable Ultrasonic Nebulization Method for Fabricating Ti3C2Tx‐Based Strain Sensor and Monitoring of Human Motion and Sound Wave
Authors: Qu Danyao , Li Zekun , Liu Mengge , Jiang Xue , Jian Yingying , Peng Gang , Yang Peixin , Feng Huanran , Wang Tianliang , Hu Wenwen , Du Tao , Wu Weiwei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlexible and wearable electronic devices hold great potential in electronic skins, health monitoring systems and soft robotics. Among them, flexible strain sensors with high performance are key components for wearable health monitoring devices. However, the facile and controllable preparation of highly sensitive sensors still faces significant challenges. By virtue of excellent conductivity of 2D transition metal carbids (MXenes), this work reports a facile and low‐cost fabrication strategy for large‐scale production of strain sensors. The sensitive layer is deposited on flexible interdigital electrodes by ultrasonic nebulization of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. By controlling the nebulization time, different thicknesses of Ti3C2Tx films has a great influence on the performance of strain sensors. The Ti3C2Tx‐based strain sensor exhibits good sensing performances such as high GF (19.1) in the low strain range (≈0.25%–1.14%), short response time (0.7 s), and stable durability (over 1000 cycles). In practice, the potential applications of the strain sensor in sound frequency detection, human physiological signal monitoring and facial expression recognition are demonstrated. Finally, this work integrates the strain sensor with a miniaturized analyzer to assemble a wearable motion monitoring device for mobile healthcare. This study provides a facile strategy for fabricating flexible strain sensors in the field of wearable electronics.