bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-polymerase chain reaction with bronchial washing samples in predicting discontinuation of airborne infection isolation in patients hospitalized with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Kim Tae-Ok , Na Young-Ok , Park Hwa Kyung , Lee Jae-Kyeong , Oh Hyung-Joo , Kho Bo Gun , Park Ha-Young , Kwon Yong-Soo , Kim Yu-Il , Lim Sung-Chul , Shin Hong-Joon 
Published: December 2022

Objective
In-hospital tuberculosis (TB) transmission remains a concern. Airborne infection isolation (AII) can be discontinued in hospitalized patients with suspected active pulmonary TB when the results of three consecutive sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smears are negative. However, fiberoptic bronchoscopy can be performed in patients who may have difficulty in producing sputum samples. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-polymerase chain reaction (MTB-PCR) with bronchial washing specimens in predicting AII discontinuation in hospitalized patients with suspected active pulmonary TB.

Methods
We reviewed the medical charts of patients admitted to a tertiary hospital who were isolated and underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for suspicious pulmonary TB from January 2016 to December 2019. Patients with positive MTB-PCR results in the initial sputum examination were excluded. Criteria for discontinuing AII were defined as negative results for three consecutive AFB smears from respiratory specimens, or cases diagnosed other than TB. The study patients were divided into two groups: TB group and non-TB group.

Results
In total, 166 patients were enrolled in the study. Of them, 35 patients were diagnosed with TB. There was no significant difference between the number of males in the TB (81; 61.8%) and non-TB (21; 60.0%) group. Though 139 patients had negative results on MTB-PCR using washing specimens, eight showed positive AFB culture. Of the 139 patients with negative MTB-PCR results, 138 had negative results for three consecutive AFB smears or were established to not have pulmonary TB. Therefore, the predictive accuracy of MTB-PCR with bronchial washing samples for discontinuing AII was 99.2%.

Conclusion
Although a negative result from MTB-PCR with bronchial washing samples cannot exclude pulmonary TB, it can predict AII discontinuation in hospitalized patients with suspected active pulmonary TB.
Perceived sounds and their reported level of disturbance in intensive care units: A multinational survey among healthcare professionals
Authors: Ruettgers Nicole , Naef Aileen C. , Rossier Marilyne , Knobel Samuel E. J. , Jeitziner Marie-Madlen , Grosse Holtforth Martin , Zante Bjoern , Schefold Joerg C. , Nef Tobias , Gerber Stephan M. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
The noise levels in intensive care units have been repeatedly reported to exceed the recommended guidelines and yield negative health outcomes among healthcare professionals. However, it is unclear which sound sources within this environment are perceived as disturbing. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate how healthcare professionals in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria perceive the sound levels and the associated sound sources within their work environment and explore sound reduction strategies.

Material and methods
An online survey was conducted among 350 healthcare professionals working in intensive care units. The survey consisted of items on demographic and hospital data and questions about the perception of the sound levels [1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree)], disturbance from sound sources [1 (not disturbing at all) to 5 (very disturbing)], and implementation potential, feasibility, and motivation to reduce sound reduction measures [1 (not high at all) to 5 (very high)].

Results
Approximately 69.3% of the healthcare professionals perceived the sound levels in the ICUs as too high. Short-lasting human sounds (e.g. moans or laughs) [mean (M) ± standard deviation (SD) = 3.30 ± 0.81], devices and alarms (M ± SD = 2.67 ± 0.59), and short-lasting object sounds (M ± SD = 2.55 ± 0.68) were perceived as the most disturbing sounds. Reducing medical equipment alarms was considered to have greater implementation potential [M ± SD = 3.62 ± 0.92, t(334) = -7.30, p < 0.001], feasibility [M ± SD = 3.19 ± 0.93, t(334) = -11.02, p < 0.001], and motivation [M ± SD = 3.85 ± 0.89, t(334) = -10.10, p < 0.001] for reducing the sound levels.

Conclusion
This study showed that healthcare professionals perceive short-lasting human sounds as most disturbing and rated reducing medical equipment alarms as the best approach to reduce the sound levels in terms of potential, feasibility, and motivation for implementation.
Impact of type of dialyzable beta-blockers on subsequent risk of mortality in patients receiving dialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yeh Tzu-Hsuan , Tu Kuan-Chieh , Hung Kuo-Chuan , Chuang Min-Hsiang , Chen Jui-Yi 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundBeta-blockers has been reported to improve all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients receiving dialysis, but type of beta-blockers (i.e., high vs. low dialyzable) on patient outcomes remains unknown. This study aimed at assessing the outcomes of patients receiving dialyzable beta-blockers (DBBs) compared to those receiving non-dialyzable beta-blockers (NDBBs).MethodsWe searched the databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov until 28 February 2022 to identify articles investigating the impact of DBBs/NDBBs among patients with renal failure receiving hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis (HD/PD). The primary outcome was risks of all-cause mortality, while the secondary outcomes included risk of overall major adverse cardiac event (MACE), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF). We rated the certainty of evidence (COE) by Cochrane methods and the GRADE approach.ResultsAnalysis of four observational studies including 75,193 individuals undergoing dialysis in hospital and community settings after a follow-up from 180 days to six years showed an overall all-cause mortality rate of 11.56% (DBBs and NDBBs: 12.32% and 10.7%, respectively) without significant differences in risks of mortality between the two groups [random effect, aHR 0.91 (95% CI, 0.81–1.02),p= 0.11], overall MACE [OR 1.03 (95% CI, 0.78–1.38),p= 0.82], and AMI [OR 1.02 (95% CI, 0.94–1.1),p= 0.66]. Nevertheless, the pooled odds ratio of HF among patients receiving DBBs was lower than those receiving NDBB [random effect, OR 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82–0.93),p<0.001]. The COE was considered low for overall MACE, AMI and HF, while it was deemed moderate for all-cause mortality.ConclusionsThe use of dialyzable and non-dialyzable beta-blockers had no impact on the risk of all-cause mortality, overall MACE, and AMI among dialysis patients. However, DBBs were associated with significant reduction in risk of HF compared with NDBBs. The limited number of available studies warranted further large-scale clinical investigations to support our findings.
Epistaxis and thrombocytopenia as major presentations of louse borne relapsing fever: Hospital-based study
Authors: Abera Eyob Girma , Tukeni Kedir Negesso , Didu Gelaw Hailemariam , Chala Temesgen Kabeta , Yilma Daniel , Gudina Esayas Kebede 
Published: December 2022

Background
Louse-borne relapsing fever (LBRF) remains a cause of sporadic illness and occasional outbreaks in Ethiopia and other east African countries in overcrowded and unhygienic settings. In this article, we present clinical profiles and treatment outcome of patients treated as confirmed or probable cases of LBRF at Jimma Medical Center (JMC) in southwest Ethiopia.

Methods
Patients treated as confirmed or probable cases of LBRF at JMC during a period of May–July 2022 were prospectively followed during their course of hospital stay. All patients were evaluated with blood film for hemoparasites, complete blood count, and liver enzymes on hospital presentation. They were followed with daily clinical evaluation during their hospital stay.

Result
Thirty-six patients were treated as cases of LBRF. All patients except one were from Jimma Main Prison in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. All the patients were male with mean age of 28.7 years (SD = 12.7). The diagnosis of LBRF was confirmed by detection of B. recurrentis in blood film of 14 (38.9%) of the patients; the rest were treated as presumptive case of LBRF. Fever, reported by all patients, and an acute onset epistaxis, 30 (83.3%), were the major reasons for healthcare visits. Twenty-two (61.1%) patients were having thrombocytopenia with a platelet count < 150,000/μL; nine (25%) of which had severe forms (<50,000/μL). All patients were treated with oral doxycycline and discharged with improvement after a mean length of hospital stay of 4.25 days (SD = 0.77), range 2–6 days. Public health emergency was activated within two days of the first cases and helped in delousing all the cases and their contacts.

Conclusion
LBRF remains a public health problem in Ethiopia in settings with poor personal hygiene. Patients with LBRF may present with severe thrombocytopenia and life-threatening bleeding. Early detection and treatment initiation prevents outbreak propagation and improves treatment outcome.
Torsional strength analysis of universal joint’s ZP-11A due to yokes modification and materials
Authors: Yudo Hartono , Setiawan Andi , Mursid Ocid , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

The study examined the strength of the universal joint after it was loaded with torsion. It used different materials that can withstand tensile stress in accordance with accepted principles and made modifications to the yoke as a result of the topology optimization process. The topology optimization determined that the yoke's part needed to withstand load without changing its dimensions and minimize stress distribution. According to the results, the maximum shear stress on the spider of the original universal joint model made of JIS-SF590A steel was 84.57 MPa, the shear stress on the yoke component was 30.84 MPa, and the maximum von Mises was 341.1 MPa. As a result of using JIS-SF590A steel, yoke modification 3 has produced a reduction in shear stress of 12.97 % and a reduction in von Mises stress of 35.33 % from the original yoke. This is the most efficient design of yoke and also this modified yoke form provides a wider elevation angle and is easier to manufacture.
Mulch tillage – principle of preservation of chernozem of the northern steppe of Ukraine
Authors: TSYLIURYK Olexander Ivanovich , KOTCHENKO Maryna Valentinovna , HORSHCHAR Vladyslav Ivanovich , RUMBAKH Mykhailo Yurievich , IZHBOLDIN Oleksandr Oleksandrovich , IZHBOLDINA Olena Oleksandrovna 
Published: December 2022

Reclamation and intensive utilization of chernozems of the steppe zone of Ukraine over a long period led to loss of a significant amount of organic matter, agrophysical degradation, and dramatic decrease of soil fertility. Organic products of plant origin – byproducts of field crops (straw, frondiferous residues of arable crops) – play an important role in the renewal of fertility, protection of soils from erosion and accumulation of efficient moisture in the soil. The article presents the results of studying of the agroeconomic efficiency of board, differentiated and shallow (mulching) tillage systems when growing field crops under the conditions of the northern Steppe of Ukraine. There is substantiated the expediency of use of a shallow (mulching) tillage system, which, in terms of crop rotation efficiency against a fertilized background, is highly competitive with board and differentiated systems, as well as has a positive effect on the structural state of the arable layer (the content of agronomically valuable aggregates is 76 %), provides additional (71-85 m3 ha-1) accumulation of efficient moisture in the autumn-winter period. The most of conditional stubble on the surface remains, of course, in the early fallow (without tillage in autumn) – 630 pcs m-2. A significant amount of it was also after disk processing – 333 pcs m-2. Early fallow is a reliable method to wind erosion (deflation) combat in the spring. Even strong winds with a speed of more than 15 m s-1 in early fallow are not able to blow out more than 5-12 g m-2 of soil in 5 minutes of exposure, while in case of board tillage these figures increase by 11-26 times and amount to 134 g m-2.
Quality index based on fatty acids for Syrian pistachio cultivars (Pistacia vera L.) grown in Mascara (North-West of Algeria)
Authors: BOUALEM Sid Ahmed , KARCI Harun , KAFKAS Salih , ELOUISSI Abdelkader , NOGAY Gözde 
Published: December 2022

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is one of the most important hard-shelled nuts all over the world. Pistachio has a very high nutritional value with its quality index based on fatty acids composition, protein, mineral, vitamin-E, and antioxidant contents. In the current study, fatty acids values of the Syrian pistachio varieties cultivated in Algeria (‘Adjmi’, ‘Bayadhi’, ‘Batouri’, ‘Achouri,’ and ‘Neb-djemel’) were detected for the first time. Oil extraction of cultivars was performed using n-hexane in a Soxhlet apparatus, and the fatty acids composition of the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) in the methyl ester form. The fatty acid composition of the pistachio cultivars was detected as: palmitic acid (8.23 % ± 0.36 to 9.49 % ± 0.07), palmitoleic acid (0.10 % ± 0.02 to 0.62 % ± 0.24), stearic acid (0.67 % ± 0.04 to 1.40 % ± 0.18), oleic acid (56.35 % ± 2.13 to 61.90 % ± 1.07), linoleic acid (19.48 % ± 0.27 to 26.76 ± 0.55) and linolenic acid (0.390 % ± 0, 03 to 0.59 % ± 0.01) in all samples. The results demonstrated that the five pistachio cultivars were rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (56.9 7% ± 1.88 to 62.10 % ± 1.02) and moderately low in saturated fatty acids (SFA) (9.90 % ± 0.04 to 10.37 % ± 0.23). ‘Adjmi’ has fatty acid composition lower than the other cultivars statically. Oleic acid value was determined higher than other fatty acid components. In the current study, the fat and fatty acid components of pistachio cultivars were determined and the results of this study can be used for future pistachio breeding programs.
Referendum w sprawach o szczególnym znaczeniu dla państwa jako symboliczna instytucja prawna
Authors: Suska Marek 
Published: December 2022

Instytucja referendum w sprawach o szczególnym znaczeniu dla państwa budzi rozczarowanie piśmiennictwa, ponieważ nie spełnia ona swojego celu prima facie. Tym celem zaś jest umożliwienie obywatelom podejmowania wiążących decyzji politycznych w najważniejszych kwestiach. Mogłoby to skłaniać do uznania referendum za pustą obietnicę ustrojową oraz instytucję nieużyteczną, co jednak byłoby nietrafne i przedwczesne. Referendum może bowiem potencjalnie wypełniać istotne politycznie funkcje dodatkowe, takie jak szczególne legitymizowanie pewnych decyzji politycznych czy stymulowanie debaty publicznej. Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie referendum w sprawach o szczególnym znaczeniu dla państwa jako symbolicznej instytucji prawnej. Przeprowadzone badanie oparto na spostrzeżeniach prezentowanych w literaturze wobec zjawiska prawodawstwa symbolicznego (symbolic legislation), zastosowanych odpowiednio do wybranego fragmentu systemu prawnego, jakim jest pojedyncza instytucja. Referendum w sprawach o szczególnym znaczeniu dla państwa można więc postrzegać jako instytucję, której funkcje dodatkowe zasadniczo dominują nad jej celem prima facie. Jednocześnie publiczne deklarowanie tego celu prima facie wydaje się wpływać na potencjalny stopień realizacji funkcji dodatkowych. Przykładowo, wpływ na debatę publiczną, jaki osiąga się dzięki podjęciu czynności zmierzających do przeprowadzenia referendum, może być silniejszy, o ile uda się przekonać opinię publiczną, że w rzeczywistości chodzi o przekazanie pewnej decyzji obywatelom. W konkluzji zasygnalizowano, że realizacja dodatkowych funkcji referendum w systemie prawnym nie byłaby prawdopodobnie możliwa w inny sposób niż właśnie poprzez uczynienie referendum instytucją symboliczną. Nie oznacza to jednak, że doktryna powinna akceptować każdy przypadek wykorzystania referendum w celu realizacji którejś z jego funkcji dodatkowych, a w stosownej ewaluacji może dopomóc scharakteryzowany w artykule „test wstydliwości”.
Effects of lipemia on capillary serum protein electrophoresis in native ultra-lipemic material and intravenous lipid emulsion added sera
Authors: Şeneş Mehmet , Alpdemir Medine , Kırtıl Gül , Öğüş Elmas , Çolak Samsum Emel , Alpdemir Mehmet Fatih 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to investigate the effect of natural ultralipemic material (NULM) and intravenous lipid emulsion (IVLE) on capillary serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP).

Methods
NULM material was prepared from leftover patients’ lipemic serum sample (triglyceride concentration >2,000 mg/dL) pool by a refrigerated high-speed centrifuge, and IVLE Omegaven lipid emulsion (30%) was used. Serum pools for interference study were prepared from patient samples for which serum protein electrophoresis was studied as Normal SPEP and M Peak SPEP. For both types of lipemia (DULM and IVLE), five pools with triglyceride concentrations of ∼4.52 mmol/L, ∼7.91 mmol/L, ∼14.69 mmol/L, ∼21.47 mmol/L, and ∼28.25 mmol/L were prepared. SPEP was studied in each pool with Sebia Capillarys Minicap. A repeated measure ANOVA test was used to determine the difference between the pools, and interferograms were used to evaluate the interference effect.

Results
Interference was not detected in IVLE added Normal SPEP and M Peak SPEP pools, either % or concentrations of fractions. In NULM-added Normal SPEP and M Peak SPEP pools, significant positive interference in albumin % (p=0.002 and p<0.001 respectively) and significant negative interference in gamma% (p<0.001 and p=0.005 respectively) and M protein peak (p=0.002) fractions were detected. However, significant positive interference was seen only for albumin concentration fractions (p<0.001 for both pools).

Conclusions
It is vital to use NULM instead of IVLE solutions in lipemia interference studies for all laboratory tests, including CZE SPEP. The fractions concentration values calculated with the total protein concentration should be used for evaluating SPEP results.
Patriarchy as a social construct: a gastro-semiotic criticism of the foodspheres in J.P. Clark’s The Wives’ Revolt
Authors: Ibrahim Esan Olaosun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The broad theoretical underpinning of this paper is that food is a vital part of the second-order signifying modes in literary texts. Its definite thesis, in relation to the age-long debates on power dichotomy between male and female gender, is that while men merely enjoy and noisily exercise social power sustained by patriarchy, which is a contrivance, women possess a great deal of authentic powers usually not overtly acknowledged. These theoretical and ideological (thesis) statements respectively are demonstrated through a semiotic reading and analysis of four foodspheres in J.P. Clark’s The Wives’ Revolt, using the critical lenses of gastro-criticism, social semiotics and textual cooperation theory. Through these analytical lenses, the paper recognises that each of the foodspheres in this play is a hypertext which transcodes or interogates the diverse gendered power relation hypotexts embodied in religious, socio-cultural and institutional semiospheres. It concludes that the power that women exercise in food preparation and administration, as signified in some of the foodspheres analysed, is a semiotic prototype of the many other unnoticed powers, through which the female homo rule the world.
Multicultural Education in Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Rasyid Harun , Abd.Shomad Ahmad Bisyri , Hidayatulloh Hidayatulloh , Kamarusdiana Kamarusdiana , Yakin Syamsul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMulticultural education is crucial in the socio-multicultural atmosphere. Multicultural education encourages students to respect those whose beliefs differ from their own—living in a diverse group of people with the principle that differences are a gift. The method used in this research is qualitative by focusing the design on source triangulation, which analyzes the references from the Qur’an and scholars’ and experts’ ijtima’. This study explored the model of multicultural education practiced by Al-Asyriah Nurul Iman Islamic boarding school in Bogor; It involved stakeholders from students, teachers, and other academic communities. The socio-multicultural values that exist, including ta’aruf, tawasuth, tasamuh, ta’awun, tawazun, peace, and religious freedom, are the foundation of the pesantren education model at the educational institution Bogor. Understanding socio-multiculturalism brings peace and reduces the possibility of social discrimination, violence, and injustice caused mainly by cultural differences in religion, race, ethnicity, language, gender, age, and social strata. AbstrakPendidikan multikultural sangat penting dalam atmosfir sosio-multikultural. Pendidikan multikultural mendorong siswa untuk menghormati mereka yang keyakinannya berbeda dari mereka sendiri—hidup dalam kelompok orang yang beragam dengan prinsip bahwa perbedaan adalah anugerah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan memfokuskan desain pada triangulasi sumber, yaitu menganalisis referensi dari para ulama dan ahli dari al-Qur’an dan ijtima’. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi model pendidikan multikultural yang dipraktikkan pesantren Al-Asyriah Nurul Iman Islamicdi Bogor; Melibatkan pemangku kepentingan dari siswa, guru, dan civitas akademika lainnya. Nilai-nilai sosial multikultural yang ada, antara lain ta’aruf, tawasuth, tasamuh, ta’awun, tawazun, damai, dan kebebasan beragama, menjadi landasan model pendidikan pesantren di lembaga pendidikan Bogor. Pemahaman sosio-multikulturalisme membawa perdamaian dan mengurangi kemungkinan diskriminasi sosial, kekerasan, dan ketidakadilan yang disebabkan terutama oleh perbedaan budaya, agama, ras, suku, bahasa, jenis kelamin, usia, dan strata sosial.How to Cite: Rasyid, H, Shomad, A. B. A., Hidayatulloh, Kamarusdiana, Yakin, S. (2022). Multicultural Education in Islamic Boarding School. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 9(2), 77-92. doi:10.15408/tjems.v9i1. 29071.