bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Racial Segregation Predict the Spatial Distribution of Supermarkets and Grocery Stores Better than Socioeconomic Factors in Cleveland, Ohio: a Bayesian Spatial Approach
Authors: Yankey Ortis , Lee Jay , Gardenhire Rachel , Borawski Elaine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The food environment influences the availability and affordability of food options for consumers in a given neighborhood. However, disparities in access to healthy food options exist, affecting Black and low-income communities disproportionately. This study investigated whether racial segregation predicted the spatial distribution of supermarkets and grocery stores better than socioeconomic factors or vice versa in Cleveland, Ohio.

Method
The outcome measure was the count of supermarket and grocery stores in each census tract in Cleveland. They were combined with US census bureau data as covariates. We fitted four Bayesian spatial models. The first model was a baseline model with no covariates. The second model accounted for racial segregation alone. The third model looked at only socioeconomic factors, and the final model combined both racial and socioeconomic factors.

Results
Overall model performance was better in the model that considered only racial segregation as a predictor of supermarkets and grocery stores (DIC = 476.29). There was 13% decrease in the number of stores for a census tract with a higher majority of Black people compared to areas with a lower number of Black people. Model 3 that considered only socioeconomic factors was less predictive of the retail outlets (DIC = 484.80).

Conclusions
These findings lead to the conclusion that structural racism evidenced in policies like residential segregation has a significant influence on the spatial distribution of food retail in the city of Cleveland.
Healthcare Experiences Are Associated with Colorectal Cancer Mortality but only for Specific Racial Groups: a SEER-CAHPS Study
Authors: Ochoa-Dominguez Carol Y. , Pickering Trevor A. , Navarro Stephanie , Rodriguez Claudia , Farias Albert J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to determine whether racial/ethnic disparities exist in patient-reported experiences with care after colorectal cancer diagnosis and whether they are associated with mortality.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of colorectal cancer patients diagnosed from 1997 to 2011, ≥ 65 years, and completed a Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey at least 6 months after a cancer diagnosis. We leverage the National Cancer Institute’s SEER-CAHPS dataset of Medicare beneficiaries. CAHPS survey responses were used to generate four composite measures of patient experiences with 1) getting needed care, 2) getting needed prescription drugs, 3) getting care quickly, and 4) physician communication. We used multivariable linear regression models to examine racial differences in patient experiences with aspects of their care and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to identify the risk of mortality associated with each composite score by racial group.

Results
Of the 5135 patients, 76.86% were non-Hispanic White, 7.58% non-Hispanic Black, 8.30% Hispanic, and 7.26% non-Hispanic Asian. Overall, patients reported the highest scores for composite measures regarding “getting all needed prescriptions” and the lowest score for “getting care quickly.” In our adjusted models, we found that Hispanics, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic Asian patients reported significantly lower scores for getting needed prescription drugs (B = − 4.34, B = − 4.32, B = − 5.66; all p < 0.001) compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Moreover, non-Hispanic Black patients also reported lower scores for getting care quickly (B = − 3.44, p < 0.05). We only found one statistically significant association between composite scores of patient experience and mortality. For non-Hispanic Black patients, a 3-unit increase in getting needed care was associated with 0.97 times the hazard of mortality (p = 0.003).

Conclusion
Our research underscores that CAHPS patient experiences with care are an important patient-centered quality-of-care metric that may be associated with cancer outcomes and that there may be differences in these relationships by race and ethnicity. Thus, highlighting how patients’ perceptions of their healthcare experiences can contribute to disparities in colorectal cancer outcomes.
On character varieties of singular manifolds
Authors: González-Prieto Ángel , Logares Marina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we construct a lax monoidal Topological Quantum Field Theory that computes virtual classes, in the Grothendieck ring of algebraic varieties, of G-representation varieties over manifolds with conic singularities, which we call nodefolds. This construction is valid for any algebraic group G, in any dimension and also in the parabolic setting. In particular, this TQFT allows us to compute the virtual classes of representation varieties over complex singular planar curves. In addition, in the case $$G = \textrm{SL}_{2}(k)$$

G
=

SL
2

(
k
)

, the virtual class of the associated character variety over a nodal closed orientable surface is computed both in the non-parabolic and parabolic scenarios.
Crisis communication and trustworthiness among crisis actors: towards a typology of crisis management difficulties
Authors: Badu James , Kruke Bjørn Ivar , Saetren Gunhild Birgitte 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe concepts of communication and trust play a central role in crisis management. There is a complex nexus between communication and trust building in crisis management, as different activities and processes result in communication and trust building in crisis management. This article argues that communication and trust are two sides of the same crisis management coin: each complements the other. To this end, we reflected on how crisis communication and trust factors could be a tool to amplify or attenuate the level of attention given to creeping crises and how such factors could influence creeping crisis management difficulties. We then proposed a crisis management typology to aid crisis managers in managing the difficulties associated with creeping crises.
A Case Study of Introducing Security Risk Assessment in Requirements Engineering in a Large Organization
Authors: Ardi Shanai , Sandahl Kristian , Gustafsson Mats 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoftware products are increasingly used in critical infrastructures, and verifying the security of these products has become a necessary part of every software development project. Effective and practical methods and processes are needed by software vendors and infrastructure operators to meet the existing extensive demand for security. This article describes a lightweight security risk assessment method that flags security issues as early as possible in the software project, namely during requirements analysis. The method requires minimal training effort, adds low overhead, and makes it possible to show immediate results to affected stakeholders. We present a longitudinal case study of how a large enterprise developing complex telecom products adopted this method all the way from pilot studies to full-scale regular use. Lessons learned from the case study provide knowledge about the impact that upskilling and training of requirements engineers have on reducing the risk of malfunctions or security vulnerabilities in situations where it is not possible to have security experts go through all requirements. The case study highlights the challenges of process changes in large organizations as well as the pros and cons of having centralized, distributed, or semi-distributed workforce for security assurance in requirements engineering.
Public pension fund investments into hedge funds during the Great Recession: a network analysis
Authors: Listokin Siona , Li Meng-Hao , Siddique Abu Bakkar , Kulkarni Rajendra , Koizumi Naoru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractState public employee retirement systems in the United States control over $5 trillion in assets, with large investments in alternative asset classes like hedge funds. This paper studies public pension fund investments into hedge funds in the period immediately surrounding the 2008 Financial Crisis and the Great Recession. Using micro-level investment data, the paper examines the characteristics of this network of investment flows and compares these networks to similar investments made by private pension funds. We find that there is considerable overlap among public pension funds in their choice of hedge fund investments. While the analysis is limited by data availability, the paper provides a novel study of actual investment decisions rather than aggregate portfolio outcomes.
Geographic variation in the utilisation of specialist healthcare for patients with severe mental illness in Norway: a population-based registry study
Authors: Bedane Haji Kedir , Lien Lars , Holsen Maria , Bale Marte , Osvoll Knut Ivar , Thoresen Christian , Holman Per Arne 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to measure geographic variations in mental healthcare service utilisation among patients with severe mental illness in Norway.

Method
We analysed data from the Norwegian patient registry for 2014–2018 for patients with severe mental illness. The outcomes measured in this study were: outpatient contact, admission, bed days and total contact rates. Total contacts were calculated as the sum of observed outpatient contacts plus four times the hospital bed days for each hospital catchment area based on the Norwegian health director’s report on clinical activity and patient treatment cost. Geographic variations were measured using extreme quotient (EQ), coefficient of variation (CV) and systematic component of variation (SCV). Maps, figures, and tables were used to visualise geographic variation.

Results
The geographic variations saw a six-fold increase in the outpatient contact rate and a three-fold increase in the admission rate between the areas with lowest rate and areas with the highest rate. However, there was low geographic variation in calculated total contact rates (Eqs. 5 − 95 =1.77). The low-level geographic variation in the total calculated contact rate was also confirmed with an SCV of less than three.

Conclusion
The levels of geographic variations in the utilisation of outpatient and inpatient mental healthcare services among patients with severe mental illness are high. However, the geographic variation in total services provided by hospital catchment areas calculating the two service modalities together using their treatment cost ratio, is low. This may reflect the relatively equal performance of hospital catchment areas in terms of resource utilisation regardless which service modality they prioritise. Factors contributing to high geographic variation in individual service modalities need further investigation.
Unbalanced diets enhance the complexity of gut microbial network but destabilize its stability and resistance
Authors: Sun Penghao , Wang Mengli , Zheng Wei , Li Shuzhen , Zhu Xiaoyan , Chai Xuejun , Zhao Shanting 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStability is a fundamental ecological property of the gut microbiota and is associated with host health. Numerous studies have shown that unbalanced dietary components disturb the gut microbial composition and thereby contribute to the onset and progression of disease. However, the impact of unbalanced diets on the stability of the gut microbiota is poorly understood. In the present study, four-week-old mice were fed a plant-based diet high in refined carbohydrates or a high-fat diet for four weeks to simulate a persistent unbalanced diet. We found that persistent unbalanced diets significantly reduced the gut bacterial richness and increased the complexity of bacterial co-occurrence networks. Furthermore, the gut bacterial response to unbalanced diets was phylogenetically conserved, which reduced network modularity and enhanced the proportion of positive associations between community taxon, thereby amplifying the co-oscillation of perturbations among community species to destabilize gut microbial communities. The disturbance test revealed that the gut microbiota of mice fed with unbalanced diets was less resistant to antibiotic perturbation and pathogenic bacteria invasion. This study may fill a gap in the mechanistic understanding of the gut microbiota stability in response to diet and provide new insights into the gut microbial ecology.
A Hybrid Deep Learning Method to Extract Multi-features from Reviews and User–Item Relations for Rating Prediction
Authors: Lai Chin-Hui , Peng Pang-Yu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrently, the Internet is widely used for shopping. Online reviews have become a crucial factor in helping people to make purchasing decisions. However, the large amount of data overwhelms most users, leading to the problem of information overload. To address this issue, researchers have proposed recommender systems as a solution. The most commonly used method is the collaborative filtering method, which analyzes users’ purchase history or behavior to make recommendations. In addition to user ratings, by analyzing users’ comments and the relationships between users and items more precise preferences can be obtained. In this study, the aspect-based rating prediction with a hybrid deep learning method (ARPH) is proposed. It consists of five parts: aspect detection, sentiment and semantic analysis, user preference analysis, graph attention network analysis, and rating prediction. It initially extracts the implicit aspect features and aspects’ sentiment–semantic features from user and item reviews. The convolutional neural network and matrix factorization methods are then used to generate the predicted ratings of items. Additionally, a graph attention network was built to calculate the predicted ratings based on the relationships between users and items. Finally, a multilayer perceptron was used to automatically adjust the weights for integrating these two predicted ratings. Our method utilizes user–item relationships to predict ratings when there are fewer user reviews. Conversely, the features derived from textual reviews were employed for rating prediction. The experimental results showed that extracting different features is useful in representing user and product preferences. The proposed method effectively improved the accuracy of the rating predictions.
Naltrexone plus bupropion combination medication maintenance treatment for binge-eating disorder following successful acute treatments: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Grilo Carlos M. , Lydecker Janet A. , Gueorguieva Ralitza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCertain treatments have demonstrated acute efficacy for binge-eating disorder (BED) but there is a dearth of controlled research examining pharmacotherapies as maintenance treatments for responders to initial interventions. This gap in the literature is particularly critical for pharmacotherapy for BED which is associated with relapse following discontinuation. The current study tested the efficacy of naltrexone/bupropion maintenance treatment amongst responders to acute treatments for BED.MethodsProspective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled single-site trial, conducted August 2017–December 2021, tested naltrexone/bupropion as maintenance treatment for responders to acute treatments with naltrexone/bupropion and/or behavioral weight-loss therapy for BED with comorbid obesity. Sixty-six patients (84.8% women, mean age 46.9, mean BMI 34.9 kg/m2) who responded to acute treatments were re-randomized to placebo (N = 34) or naltrexone/bupropion (N = 32) for 16 weeks; 86.3% completed posttreatment assessments. Mixed models and generalized estimating equations comparing maintenance treatments (naltrexone/bupropion v. placebo) included main and interactive effects of acute treatments.ResultsIntention-to-treat binge-eating remission rates following maintenance treatments were 50.0% (N = 17/34) for placebo and 68.8% (N = 22/32) for naltrexone/bupropion. Placebo following response to acute treatment with naltrexone/bupropion was associated with significantly decreased probability of binge-eating remission, increased binge-eating frequency, and no weight loss. Naltrexone/bupropion following response to acute treatment with naltrexone/bupropion was associated with good maintenance of binge-eating remission, low binge-eating frequency, and significant additional weight loss.ConclusionsAdult patients with BED with co-occurring obesity who have good responses to acute treatment with naltrexone/bupropion should be offered maintenance treatment with naltrexone/bupropion.
Decisional Capacity After Dark: Is Autonomy Delayed Truly Autonomy Denied?
Authors: Appel Jacob M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe model for capacity assessment in the United States and much of the Western world relies upon the demonstration of four skills including the ability to communicate a clear, consistent choice. Yet such assessments often occur at only one moment in time, which may result in the patient expressing a choice to the evaluator that is highly inconsistent with the patient’s underlying values and goals, especially if a short-term factor (such as frustration with the hospital staff) distorts the patient’s preferences momentarily. These challenges are particularly concerning in cases, which arise frequently in hospital settings, in which patients demand immediate self-discharge, often during off-hours, while faced with life-threatening risks. This paper examines the distinctive elements that shape such cases and explores their ethical implications, ultimately offering a model for such situations that can be operationalized.
Prolonged Record of Hydroclimatic Changes at Antoniadi Crater, Mars
Authors: Zaki A. S. , Edgett K. S. , Pajola M. , Kite E. , Davis J. M. , Mangold N. , Madof A. S. , Lucchetti A. , Grindrod P. , Hughes C. M. , Sangwan K. , Thomas N. , Schuster M. , Gupta S. , Cremonese G. , Castelltort S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe first billion years of Martian geologic history consisted of surface environments and landscapes dramatically different from those seen today, with flowing liquid water sculpting river channels and ponding to form bodies of water. However, the hydro‐climatic context, the frequency, and the duration under which these systems existed remain uncertain. Addressing these fundamental questions may improve our understanding of early Mars climate. Here, we reconstruct a long‐lived archive consisting of an array of fluvial systems inside the Antoniadi crater––one of the largest lake basins on Mars (9.58 × 104 km2). We found that the fluvial activity occurred throughout four major intermittent active intervals during the Late Noachian to Early Amazonian (∼3.7 to >2.4 Ga). This resulted in at least two major lakes, which formed during periods of markedly increased surface runoff production. The record of these four riverine phases is preserved in fluvial ridges, valley networks, back‐stepping or down‐stepping fan‐shaped landforms, and terrace‐like formations within an outlet canyon. These morphologies point to lake‐controlled base‐level fluctuations suggestive of episodic precipitation‐fed surface runoff punctuated by intermittent catastrophic floods that were capable of breaching crater‐lake rims and incising outlet canyons. Fluvial‐deposit thickness, junction angles of channels, and lake morphometry suggest that riverine systems lasted at least 103–106 years and episodically occurred under primarily arid and semi‐arid climates. These findings place new regional constraints on the fluvial frequency, longevity, and climatic regime of one of the largest Martian lakes, thereby bolstering the hypothesis that episodic warming likely punctuated the planet's early history.
Highly Contrasted Geochemical Pattern in Sediments of the Okavango Delta, Botswana Driven by Dust Supply, Hydrological Heritage and Biogeochemical Reactions
Authors: Jolivet M. , Dauteuil O. , Dia A. , Davranche M. , Pierson‐Wickmann A.‐C. , Barrier L. , Murray‐Hudson M. , Mazrui Nashaat , Marsac R. , Cheng Feng , Li Xiangzhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Okavango Delta in North Botswana is a hot‐spot of biodiversity within the semi‐arid central part of the South African plateau. This endorheic ecosystem is highly dependent on the annual flood that brings freshwater from the highlands of Angola to the North. However, in many places, the groundwater of the Delta is saline and contains very high concentrations of metal and metalloid elements, making it toxic to the flora and fauna. These saline waters have been largely studied and their formation is generally explained through evaporation and evapotranspiration processes. However, no studies have investigated the geochemical composition of the sediments that host the aquifers. Here, we provide a complete sedimentological and geochemical investigation (major, traces and rare earth elements, carbon and oxygen stable isotopes ratios, Sr and Nd isotope ratios) of the various geomorphological and ecological compartments that form the landscape of the SW Okavango Delta. We demonstrate that the non‐connected underground aquifer is capped by a clay layer corresponding to a major event of dust deposition from the Makgadikgadi pan. We suggest that this aquifer may extend outside the island, below the floodplain and that the hydrological structure of the Nxaraga area is indeed composed of two non‐connected aquifers of different origins. Challenging the model based on evaporation and evapotranspiration, we propose that the composition of that allochtonous clay and the in situ reactions between sediment, water and organic matter in a confined aquifer explain the geochemical enrichment of the water.
Diurnal and Seasonal Mapping of Martian Ices With EMIRS
Authors: Stcherbinine Aurélien , Edwards Christopher S. , Smith Michael D. , Wolff Michael J. , Haberle Christopher , Al Tunaiji Eman , Smith Nathan M. , Saboi Kezman , Anwar Saadat , Lange Lucas , Christensen Philip R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCondensation and sublimation of ices at the surface of the planet is a key part of both the Martian H2O and CO2 cycles, either from a seasonal or diurnal aspect. While most of the ice is located within the polar caps, surface frost is known to be formed during nighttime down to equatorial latitudes. Here, we use data from the Emirates Mars Infrared Spectrometer onboard the Emirates Mars Mission to monitor the diurnal and seasonal evolution of the ices at the surface of Mars over almost one Martian year. The unique local time coverage provided by the instrument allows us to observe the apparition of equatorial CO2 frost in the second half of the Martian night around the equinoxes, to its sublimation at sunrise.
Unlocking the secrets of the invisible world: incredible deep optical imaging through in-silico clearing
Authors: Xiao Ting-Hui , Zhou Yuqi , Goda Keisuke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn-silico clearing enables deep optical imaging of biological samples by correcting image blur caused by scattering and aberration. This breakthrough method offers researchers unprecedented insights into three-dimensional biological systems, with enormous potential for advancing biology and medicine to better understand living organisms and human health.