bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The thalamic reuniens is associated with consolidation of non-spatial memory too
Authors: Hamilton J. J. , Dalrymple-Alford J. C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe nucleus reuniens (RE) is situated in the midline thalamus and provides a key link between hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. This anatomical relationship positions the Re as an ideal candidate to facilitate memory consolidation. Evidence is, however, lacking whether this role extends beyond spatial memory and contextual fear memory, both of which are strongly associated with hippocampal function. We therefore trained intact male Long-Evans rats on an odour-trace-object paired-association task in which the explicit 10-second delay between paired items renders the task sensitive to hippocampal function. Neurons in the RE showed markedly increased immediate early gene (Zif268) activation when rats were re-tested for the previous non-spatial memory 25 days after acquisition training, relative to a group tested at 5-days post-acquisition, as well as a control group tested 25 days after acquisition but with a new pair of non-spatial stimuli, and home cage controls. The remote recall group also showed relatively augmented IEG expression in the superficial layers of the medial PFC (anterior cingulate cortex and prelimbic cortex). These findings support the conclusion that the RE is preferentially engaged during remote recall in this non-spatial task and thus has a role beyond spatial memory and contextual fear memory.
Two-fold increase in the prevalence of autism in Israel between 2017 and 2021
Authors: Dinstein Ilan , Solomon Shirley , Zats Michael , Shusel Ronit , Lottner Raphael , Ben Gershon Bella , Meiri Gal , Menashe Idan , Shmueli Dorit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased steadily in most high-income countries over the last decade. Estimates of ASD prevalence among 8-year-old children in the U.S. have increased from 1.47% in 2010 to 2.3% in 2018, and up to 3.5% among 3-17-year-old children in 2020. In Israel, estimates have been lower, with the prevalence of ASD in 8-year-old children increasing from 0.3% in 2009 to 0.64% in 2018. Here, we examined data from the entire population of Israel (∼3 million 1-17-year-old children) and quantified changes in their ASD prevalence between 2017 and 2021. We analyzed consecutive annual reports acquired from the Israeli National Insurance Institute (NII), which monitors all children with ASD in Israel who receive welfare services, and Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) in Israel that services ∼50% of the population. Both data sources revealed a nearly twofold increase in the ASD prevalence of 1–17-year-old children during this five-year period. Rates differed across age groups with 2-3-year-old (day-care) children exhibiting a ∼4.4-fold increase in prevalence from 0.27% to 1.19% and 4-6-year-old (pre-school) children exhibiting a ∼2.3-fold increase from 0.80% to 1.83%. These results demonstrate that ASD prevalence in Israel is increasing at unprecedented rates and shifting towards diagnosis at earlier ages. These findings highlight the challenge facing health and education service providers in meeting the needs of a rapidly growing ASD population that is being diagnosed at earlier ages.
Re-evaluating the melanoma TIL compartment and its unexpected spectrum of exhausted and functional T cells
Authors: Cameron Cheryl M. , Richardson Brian , Golden Jackelyn B. , Phoon Yee Peng , Tamilselvan Banumathi , Pfannenstiel Lukas , Thapaliya Samjhana , Roversi Gustavo , Gao Xing-Huang , Zagore Leah L. , Cameron Mark J. , Gastman Brian R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSignificant heterogeneity exists within the tumor infiltrating CD8 T cell population, and exhausted T cells harbor a subpopulation that may be replicating and retain signatures of activation, with potential functional consequences in tumor progression. Dysfunctional immunity in the tumor microenvironment is associated with poor cancer outcomes, making exploration of these exhausted but activated (Tex/act) subpopulations critical to the improvement of therapeutic approaches. To investigate mechanisms associated with Tex/act cells, we sorted and performed transcriptional profiling of CD8+tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) coexpressing the exhaustion markers PD-1 and TIM-3, from large volume melanoma tumors. We additionally performed immunologic phenotyping and functional validation, including at the single cell level, to identify potential mechanisms that underlie their dysfunctional phenotype. We identified novel dysregulated pathways in CD8+PD-1+TIM-3+cells that have not been well studied in TIL; these include bile acid and peroxisome pathway-related metabolism, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways, which are highly correlated with immune checkpoint receptor expression. Through bioinformatic integration of immunophenotypic data and network analysis, we propose unexpected targets for therapies to rescue the immune response to tumors in melanoma.
Seizure dynamotype classification using non-invasive recordings
Authors: Guendelman Miriam , Vekslar Rotem , Shriki Oren 
Published: April 2023

SummaryObjectiveRecently, a seizure classification approach derived from complex systems and nonlinear dynamics has been suggested, termed the “taxonomy of seizure dynamotypes.” This framework is based on modeling the dynamical process of the transition in and out of a seizure. It has been examined in computational and animal modelsin-vitroand recently in human intracranial data. However, its applicability and value in surface EEG remain unclear. This study examined the applicability of dynamotype classification to seizure information extracted from surface EEG and tested how it relates to clinical factors.MethodsSurface EEG recordings from 1,215 seizures were analyzed. We used an automated pre-processing pipeline, resulting in independent components (ICs) for each seizure. Subsequently, we visually identified ICs with clear seizure information and classified them based on the suggested taxonomy. To examine the possibility of automatic classification, we applied a random forest classifier combined with EEG features and evaluated its performance in identifying seizure-related ICs and classifying dynamical types. Lastly, we used a Bayesian estimator to examine the likelihood of the different dynamical types under various clinical conditions.ResultsWe found an apparent onset and offset bifurcation in 49.5% and 40.3% of seizures, respectively. Bifurcation prevalence aligns with that previously reported using intracranial data and computational modeling. The automated classifiers, evaluated with a leave-one-patient-out paradigm, provided good performance. In addition, bifurcation prevalence differed between vigilance states and seizure classes.SignificanceWe demonstrated a method to extract seizure information and classify dynamotypes in non-invasive recordings with a visual as well as an automated framework. Extending this classification to a larger scale and a broader population may provide further insights into seizure dynamics.Key Points BoxWe characterized the dynamical types of transitions at seizure onset and offset based on seizure information extracted from surface EEG.We classified the dynamical types (dynamotypes) in 49.5% and 40.3% of seizure onsets and offsets, respectively.The dynamotype distribution in surface EEG data aligns with previous findings from intracranial EEG and theoretical expectations.The likelihood of the dynamical type of a seizure exhibits differences across clinical seizure classes and vigilance states.Automated detection and classification of seizure bifurcations are possible using relevant features and pre-existing tools.
Ca2+channel and active zone protein abundance intersects with input-specific synapse organization to shape functional synaptic diversity
Authors: Medeiros A. T. , Gratz S.J. , Delgado A. , Ritt J.T. , O’Connor-Giles Kate M. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTSynaptic heterogeneity is a hallmark of nervous systems that enables complex and adaptable communication in neural circuits. To understand circuit function, it is thus critical to determine the factors that contribute to the functional diversity of synapses. We investigated the contributions of voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) abundance, spatial organization, and subunit composition to synapse diversity among and between synapses formed by two closely relatedDrosophilaglutamatergic motor neurons with distinct neurotransmitter release probabilities (Pr). Surprisingly, VGCC levels are highly predictive of heterogeneous Pramong individual synapses of either low- or high-Prinputs, but not between inputs. We find that the same number of VGCCs are more densely organized at high-Prsynapses, consistent with tighter VGCC-synaptic vesicle coupling. We generated endogenously tagged lines to investigate VGCC subunitsin vivoand found that the α2δ-3 subunit Straightjacket along with the CAST/ELKS active zone (AZ) protein Bruchpilot, both key regulators of VGCCs, are less abundant at high-Prinputs, yet positively correlate with Pramong synapses formed by either input. Consistently, both Straightjacket and Bruchpilot levels are dynamically increased across AZs of both inputs when neurotransmitter release is potentiated to maintain stable communication following glutamate receptor inhibition. Together, these findings suggest a model in which VGCC and AZ protein abundance intersects with input-specific spatial and molecular organization to shape the functional diversity of synapses.
Dopamine D1 and NMDA receptor co-regulation of protein translation in cultured nucleus accumbens neurons
Authors: Zimbelman Alexa R. , Wong Benjamin , Murray Conor H. , Wolf Marina E. , Stefanik Michael T. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTProtein translation is essential for some forms of synaptic plasticity. We used nucleus accumbens (NAc) medium spiny neurons (MSN), co-cultured with cortical neurons to restore excitatory synapses, to examine whether dopamine modulates protein translation in NAc MSN. FUNCAT was used to measure translation in MSNs under basal conditions and after disinhibiting excitatory transmission using the GABAAreceptor antagonist bicuculline (2 hr). Under basal conditions, translation was not altered by the D1-class receptor (D1R) agonist SKF81297 or the D2-class receptor (D2R) agonist quinpirole. Bicuculline alone robustly increased translation. This was reversed by quinpirole but not SKF81297. It was also reversed by co-incubation with the D1R antagonist SCH23390, but not the D2R antagonist eticlopride, suggesting dopaminergic tone at D1Rs. This was surprising because no dopamine neurons are present. An alternative explanation is that bicuculline activates translation by increasing glutamate tone at NMDA receptors (NMDAR) within D1R/NMDAR heteromers, which have been described in other cell types. Supporting this, immunocytochemistry and proximity ligation assays revealed D1/NMDAR heteromers on NAc cells bothin vitroandin vivo. Further, bicuculline’s effect was reversed to the same extent by SCH23390 alone, the NMDAR antagonist APV alone, or SCH23390+APV. These results suggest that: 1) excitatory synaptic transmission stimulates translation in NAc MSNs, 2) this is opposed when glutamate activates D1R/NMDAR heteromers, even in the absence of dopamine, and 3) antagonist occupation of D1Rs within the heteromers prevents their activation. Our study is the first to suggest a role for D2 receptors and D1R/NMDAR heteromers in regulating protein translation.
Mitochondrial GTP Metabolism Regulates Reproductive Aging
Authors: Lee Yi-Tang , Savini Marzia , Chen Tao , Yang Jin , Zhao Qian , Ding Lang , Gao Shihong Max , Senturk Mumine , Sowa Jessica , Wang Jue D. , Wang Meng C. 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYHealthy mitochondria are critical for reproduction. During aging, both reproductive fitness and mitochondrial homeostasis decline. Mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics are key factors in supporting mitochondrial homeostasis. However, how they are coupled to control reproductive health remains unclear. We report that mitochondrial GTP metabolism acts through mitochondrial dynamics factors to regulate reproductive aging. We discovered that germline-only inactivation of GTP- but not ATP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase (SCS), promotes reproductive longevity inCaenorhabditis elegans.We further revealed an age-associated increase in mitochondrial clustering surrounding oocyte nuclei, which is attenuated by the GTP-specific SCS inactivation. Germline-only induction of mitochondrial fission factors sufficiently promotes mitochondrial dispersion and reproductive longevity. Moreover, we discovered that bacterial inputs affect mitochondrial GTP and dynamics factors to modulate reproductive aging. These results demonstrate the significance of mitochondrial GTP metabolism in regulating oocyte mitochondrial homeostasis and reproductive longevity and reveal mitochondrial fission induction as an effective strategy to improve reproductive health.
Nomination committee characteristics and exposure to environmental, social and governance (ESG) controversies: evidence from European global systemically important banks
Authors: Iannuzzi Antonia Patrizia , Dell’Atti Stefano , D'Apolito Elisabetta , Galletta Simona 
Published: April 2023

PurposeBased on the agency and resource dependence theories, this study aims to investigate whether nomination committee (NC) characteristics could serve as key attributes for reducing environmental, social and governance (ESG) disputes and whether NC composition affects the appointment of ESG-friendly directors to the board.Design/methodology/approachThis study focuses on a sample of 30 global systemically important banks from 2015 to 2021. The authors estimate panel data models with fixed effects, clustering heteroskedastic standard errors at the bank level to account for the serial correlation of the dependent variables for each bank.FindingsBanks’ exposure to ESG controversies can be reduced when NC members have specific skills, in particular when at least one member of this committee also belongs to the sustainability committee and is a foreign director. Moreover, banks’ ESG disputes decrease when the NC members are younger, while the share of independent NC members has a negative impact. Finally, a positive influence of NC composition and its members’ features as well as the appointment of ESG-friendly directors on the board is found.Originality/valueThe findings are particularly useful during periods such as the current one, when there is growing attention to both banks’ corporate governance, the subcommittees’ role and functioning and social and environmental issues. This study shows that the NC is important in reducing the likelihood of banks incurring ESG disputes and in appointing more ESG-friendly directors. NC effective functioning and its members’ qualities serve as a key attribute for fulfilling objective assessment and improving board effectiveness.
How machine learning changes Project Risk Management: a structured literature review and insights for organizational innovation
Authors: Secundo Giustina , Mele Gioconda , Passiante Giuseppina , Ligorio Angela 
Published: April 2023

PurposeIn the current economic scenario characterized by turbulence, innovation is a requisite for company's growth. The innovation activities are implemented through the realization of innovative project. This paper aims to prospect the promising opportunities coming from the application of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to project risk management for organizational innovation, where a large amount of data supports the decision-making process within the companies and the organizations.Design/methodology/approachMoving from a structured literature review (SLR), a final sample of 42 papers has been analyzed through a descriptive, content and bibliographic analysis. Moreover, metrics for measuring the impact of the citation index approach and the CPY (Citations per year) have been defined. The descriptive and cluster analysis has been realized with VOSviewer, a tool for constructing and visualizing bibliometric networks and clusters.FindingsProspective future developments and forthcoming challenges of ML applications for managing risks in projects have been identified in the following research context: software development projects; construction industry projects; climate and environmental issues and Health and Safety projects. Insights about the impact of ML for improving organizational innovation through the project risks management are defined.Research limitations/implicationsThe study have some limitations regarding the choice of keywords and as well the database chosen for selecting the final sample. Another limitation regards the number of the analyzed papers.Originality/valueThe analysis demonstrated how much the use of ML techniques for project risk management is still new and has many unexplored areas, given the increasing trend in annual scientific publications. This evidence represents an opportunities for supporting the organizational innovation in companies engaged into complex projects whose risk management become strategic.
Interlinking institutions, entrepreneurship and economic performance
Authors: Ferreira João J. , Fernandes Cristina I. , Veiga Pedro Mota , Gerschewski Stephan 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study holds the objective of evaluating the impact of formal (e.g. ease of doing business score, start-up procedures to register a business, property rights) and informal (e.g. school life expectancy, collaboration between companies and human capital) institutions on the economic performance of countries in conjunction with the mediating effect of entrepreneurial activities and social performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected quantitative, secondary data from a range of different sources, specifically the World Bank (WB), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), World Economic Forum (WEF), Freedom House (FH) and Doing Business (DB) for the years between 2016 and 2018. The authors deployed a quantitative approach based on estimating structural equation models according to the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method.FindingsThe authors find that institutions, whether formal or informal, impact positively on economic and social performance with entrepreneurial activities positively mediating the relationship between informal institutions and economic performance and social performance.Practical implicationsThe study research holds key implications for strengthening institutional theory. The authors find that our empirical results draw attention to the impact that institutions and their functioning can have on economic performance. Through this alert, the authors aim for researchers, politicians and other diverse decision-makers involved in public policies to prioritise not only the good working of institutions but also fostering entrepreneurship, in order to boost the resulting economic performance.Originality/valueThe study research contributes to the literature by testing the model that links institutions, entrepreneurial activity and economic performance. The authors also help policymakers to become aware of the importance that the quality of institutions has on entrepreneurial activity, and, consequently on economic performance.
Impact of code smells on software development environments: a study based on ENTROPY-CODAS method
Authors: Anand Adarsh , Gupta Priyanka , Tamura Yoshinobu , Papic Ljubisa 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe relationship between the various existing smell taxonomies and the smell impacting factors has been established. The ideology is to identify the most critical smell influencing factors in the vicinity of various software development environments.Design/methodology/approachTo fulfill the said task, the utilization of the amalgamation of two multicriteria decision-making techniques, namely, Entropy method and CODAS method, is presented.FindingsThrough this article, the most critical smell impacting criteria with respect to the smell taxonomies is identified. Furthermore, the behaviour of 4 software development principles was then analysed, and their working state has been successfully assessed.Originality/valueThe ideology to study design-related smells in the software system has been studied by a lot of researchers. Some of them have worked upon their detection and the corresponding refactoration process with the help of several algorithms like machine learning and artificial intelligence. But how and to what extent these design-related smells impact the software development environment has remained out of the limelight till now. Through this article, this research gap has been identified, and an attempt to fill it has been made.
Gearbox fault diagnosis method based on deep learning multi-task framework
Authors: Chen Yao , Liang Ruijun , Ran Wenfeng , Chen Weifang 
Published: April 2023

PurposeIn gearbox fault diagnosis, identifying the fault type and severity simultaneously, as well as the compound fault containing multiple faults, is necessary.Design/methodology/approachTo diagnose multiple faults simultaneously, this paper proposes a multichannel and multi-task convolutional neural network (MCMT-CNN) model.FindingsExperiments were conducted on a bearing dataset containing different fault types and severities and a gearbox compound fault dataset. The experimental results show that MCMT-CNN can effectively extract features of different tasks from vibration signals, with a diagnosis accuracy of more than 97%.Originality/valueVibration signals at different positions and in different directions are taken as the MC inputs to ensure the integrity of the fault features. Fault labels are established to retain and distinguish the unique features of different tasks. In MCMT-CNN, multiple task branches can connect and share all neurons in the hidden layer, thus enabling multiple tasks to share information.