bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early sleep after action observation and motor imagery training boosts improvements in manual dexterity
Authors: Temporiti Federico , Calcagno Alessandra , Coelli Stefania , Marino Giorgia , Gatti Roberto , Bianchi Anna Maria , Galli Manuela 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe systematic observation and imagination of actions promotes acquisition of motor skills. Furthermore, studies demonstrated that early sleep after practice enhances motor learning through an offline stabilization process. Here, we investigated behavioral effects and neurodynamical correlates of early sleep after action observation and motor imagery training (AO + MI-training) on motor learning in terms of manual dexterity. Forty-five healthy participants were randomized into three groups receiving a 3 week intervention consisting of AO + MI-training immediately before sleeping or AO + MI-training at least 12 h before sleeping or a control stimulation. AO + MI-training implied the observation and motor imagery of transitive manual dexterity tasks, whereas the control stimulation consisted of landscape video-clips observation. Manual dexterity was assessed using functional tests, kinematic and neurophysiological outcomes before and after the training and at 1-month follow-up. AO + MI-training improved manual dexterity, but subjects performing AO + MI-training followed by early sleep had significantly larger improvements than those undergoing the same training at least 12 h before sleeping. Behavioral findings were supported by neurodynamical correlates during motor performance and additional sleep-dependent benefits were also detected at 1 month follow-up. These findings introduce a new approach to enhance the acquisition of new motor skills or facilitate recovery in patients with motor impairments.
Everyday Barriers in Communicative Participation According to People With Communication Problems
Authors: ter Wal Nicole , van Ewijk Lizet , Dijkhuis Lotti , Visser-Meily Johanna M. A. , Terwee Caroline B. , Gerrits Ellen 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to gain a comprehensive understanding of participation situations that are challenging for people with communication problems, to provide input for the further development of potential items for the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB).

Method:
A purposive sampling strategy was used to include a diverse group of people with communication problems. Diaries were used as a sensitizing exercise for inductive in-depth interviews. In these interviews, elements of communicative participation situations (concepts) were elicited that participants themselves experienced as difficult because of their communication problem. A thematic content analysis was used to identify overarching themes. In addition, new items were formulated based on the raw codes of the transcripts and linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Activity and Participation domains to examine the distribution of items across the breadth of the construct of communicative participation.

Results:
Eighteen interviews yielded 44 different concepts. They were clustered in six themes, which capture the person, location, topic, mode, moment, and pace of communication. In total, 103 new items measuring communicative participation were formulated. Most of these items relate to International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Activity and Participation domains “interpersonal interactions and relationships,” “major life areas,” and “community, social, and civic life.”

Conclusions:
This study resulted in an overview of self-reported barriers in daily communicative participation experienced by people with communication problems. These communicative participation situations can be captured within 44 concepts, which are covered by six themes. Future work should investigate if the newly written items can be added to the CPIB. The concepts and the themes can be used in designing and delivering a participation-focused intervention for this population.
Temporal variation of the photometric magnetic activity for the Sun andKeplersolar-like stars
Authors: Santos A. R. G. , Mathur S. , García R. A. , Broomhall A.-M. , Egeland R. , Jiménez A. , Godoy-Rivera D. , Breton S. N. , Claytor Z. R. , Metcalfe T. S. , Cunha M. S. , Amard L. 
Published: February 2023

Context.The photometric time series of solar-like stars can exhibit rotational modulation, that is, brightness variations due to active regions co-rotating with the stellar surface. These signatures allow us to constrain properties of stellar rotation and magnetic activity.Aims.In this work we investigate the behavior, particularly the variability in terms of strength, of the photometric magnetic activity ofKeplersolar-like stars and compare it with that of the Sun.Methods.We adopted the photometric magnetic activity proxy,Sph, which was computed with a cadence of five times the rotation period (Prot). The averageSphwas taken as the mean activity level, and the standard deviation was taken as a measure of the temporal variation of the magnetic activity over theKeplerobservations. We also analyzed Sun-as-a-star photometric data from VIRGO (Variability of Solar Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations). Sun-like stars were selected from a very narrow parameter space around the solar properties, according to the recentGaia-Keplerstellar properties catalog and the latestKeplerrotation catalog. We also looked into KIC 8006161 (HD 173701), a very active metal-rich G dwarf, and we compared its magnetic activity to that of stars with similar stellar fundamental parameters.Results.We find that the amplitude ofSphvariability is strongly correlated with its mean value, independent of spectral type. An equivalent relationship has previously been found for ground-based observations of chromospheric activity emission and magnetic field strength, but in this work we show that photometricKeplerdata also present the same behavior. While, depending on the phase of the cycle, the Sun is among the less active stars, we find that theSph⊙properties are consistent with those observed inKeplerSun-like stars. KIC 8006161 is, however, among the most active of its peers, which tend to be metal-rich. This results from an underlying relationship betweenProtand metallicity and supports the following interpretation of the magnetic activity of KIC 8006161: its strong activity is a consequence of its high metallicity, which affects the depth of the convection zone and, consequently, the efficiency of the dynamo.
Detection of magnetic fields in the circumgalactic medium of nearby galaxies using Faraday rotation
Authors: Heesen V. , O’Sullivan S. P. , Brüggen M. , Basu A. , Beck R. , Seta A. , Carretti E. , Krause M. G. H. , Haverkorn M. , Hutschenreuter S. , Bracco A. , Stein M. , Bomans D. J. , Dettmar R.-J. , Chyży K. T. , Heald G. H. , Paladino R. , Horellou C. 
Published: February 2023

Context. The existence of magnetic fields in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is largely unconstrained. Their detection is important as magnetic fields can have a significant impact on the evolution of the CGM, and, in turn, the fields can serve as tracers for dynamical processes in the CGM.
Aims. Using the Faraday rotation of polarised background sources, we aim to detect a possible excess of the rotation measure in the surrounding area of nearby galaxies.
Methods. We used 2461 residual rotation measures (RRMs) observed with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR), where the foreground contribution from the Milky Way is subtracted. The RRMs were then studied around a subset of 183 nearby galaxies that was selected by apparent B-band magnitude.
Results. We find that, in general, the RRMs show no significant excess for small impact parameters (i.e., the perpendicular distance to the line of sight). However, if we only consider galaxies at higher inclination angles and sightlines that pass close to the minor axis of the galaxies, we find significant excess at impact parameters of less than 100 kpc. The excess in |RRM| is 3.7 rad m−2 with an uncertainty between ±0.9 rad m−2 and ±1.3 rad m−2 depending on the statistical properties of the background (2.8σ–4.1σ). With electron densities of ∼10−4 cm−3, this suggests magnetic field strengths of a few tenths of a microgauss.
Conclusions. Our results suggest a slow decrease in the magnetic field strength with distance from the galactic disc, as expected if the CGM is magnetised by galactic winds and outflows.
Étude comparative de l’infestation de l’anguille européenne Anguilla anguilla par Anguillicoloïdes crassus dans deux biotopes de salinité différente
Authors: Tahri M. 
Published: February 2023

Depuis au moins le début des années 1980, l’abondance continentale de l’anguille européenne a décliné à travers toute son aire de répartition, les causes avancées sont très nombreuses vues la complexité de son cycle biologique. Parmi les différentes menaces, nous citons les parasites qui détériorent l’état général du poisson l’empêchant ainsi de retourner sur son lieu de naissance pour boucler son cycle de reproduction et donc met en danger la pérennité de l’espèce. L’objectif premier de ce travail est de comparer l’infestation parasitaire par le nématode Anguillicoloïdes crassus des anguilles vivant dans 2 biotopes de salinité différente : le lac Oubeïra (eau douce) et la lagune Mellah (eau salée) (extrême Nord-Est de l’Algérie). Les taux d’infestation des anguilles capturées au cours des 3 années de suivi avoisinent les 4 % dans la lagune alors qu’ils sont 16 fois plus élevés dans le lac. En ce qui concerne les signes d’inflammation, toutes les anguilles du lac montrent des œdèmes et exsudats de cet organe alors que celles capturées au niveau de la lagune sont indemnes. Ces résultats nous permettent de conclure que la salinité est un facteur – sans doute déterminant – pour la survie de ce parasite et nous mène à proposer d’utiliser le sel comme moyen naturel pour le contrôle de cette parasitose.
Strong error analysis of Euler methods for overdamped generalized Langevin equations with fractional noise: Nonlinear case
Authors: Dai Xinjie , Hong Jialin , Sheng Derui , Zhou Tau 
Published: February 2023

This paper considers the strong error analysis of the Euler and fast Euler methods for nonlinear overdamped generalized Langevin equations driven by the fractional noise. The main difficulty lies in handling the interaction between the fractional Brownian motion and the singular kernel, which is overcome by means of the Malliavin calculus and fine estimates of several multiple singular integrals. Consequently, these two methods are proved to be strongly convergent with order nearly min{2(H + α − 1), α}, where H ∈ (1/2, 1) and α ∈ (1 − H, 1) respectively characterize the singularity levels of fractional noises and singular kernels in the underlying equation. This result improves the existing convergence order H + α − 1 of Euler methods for the nonlinear case, and gives a positive answer to the open problem raised in Fang and Li [ESAIM Math. Model. Numer. Anal. 54 (2020) 431–463]. As an application of the theoretical findings, we further investigate the complexity of the multilevel Monte Carlo simulation based on the fast Euler method, which turns out to behave better performance than the standard Monte Carlo simulation when computing the expectation of functionals of the considered equation. Finally, numerical experiments are carried out to support the theoretical results.
New High-Performance Fluorescent Dye Scaffolds: Applications for Bioimaging and Biosensing
Authors: Lei Zuhai , Cheng Junfeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFluorescence imaging in the shortwave infrared region (SWIR, 850–2500 nm) window has become an indispensable tool in biomedical research because it has weaker absorption, less light scattering, and less background fluorescence in this window. As we know, the design and synthesis of fluorescent dyes and fluorescent probes are the cores of fluorescence imaging and biosensing. Thus, their photophysical mechanisms exploring and bioanalytical applications are multidisciplinary and cutting-edge research topics. In this regard, we have been working on high-performance fluorescent dyes and fluorescent probes for years. In short, we have developed a series of bright, stable, aggregation-resistant, SWIR fluorescent dyes ECXs, based on a carbon-bridged spiro ring strategy. We also developed a series of high-performance SWIR fluorescent dyes CXs and Chrodols, which combine the structural advantages of cyanine and xanthenoid dyes. Based on these new SWIR scaffolds, we further constructed some activatable SWIR fluorescent probes with OFF-ON or ratiometric properties for biosensing in vivo. Therefore, the main line of our work is to gain an in-depth understanding of the photophysical mechanisms of fluorescent dyes, to create high-performance luminescent dyes, and to further develop fluorescent probes for bioimaging and biosensing.1	Introduction2	ECX Dyes Based on a Carbon-Bridged Spiro Ring Strategy3	Fluorescent Dyes and Fluorescent probes Combining the Structures of Cyanine and Xanthenoid Dyes3.1	CX Series Dyes3.2	A Functionalized Modified CX probe NRh3.3	CX-like Dyes with a Secondary Amino Py-23.4	Chrodol Series Dyes4	Conclusion and Future Prospects
Taming Challenging Radical-Based Convergent Paired Electrolysis with Dual-Transition-Metal Catalysis
Authors: Fu Niankai , Li Liubo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe past few years have witnessed a renaissance of electrochemistry in organic synthesis. This green technology replaces chemical oxidants or reductants with inexpensive electricity. Paired electrolysis refers to processes in which reactions at both electrodes are desirable. These maximize the energy economy by avoiding the waste of electrical power on sacrificial reactions. Convergent paired electrolysis is a special case in which reactive intermediates are generated simultaneously at both electrodes and then coupled. However, radical-based reactions of this type remain underexploited. The incorporation of transition-metal catalysis could be beneficial by modulating the formation and utilization of highly reactive radical species. In this article, we introduce our most recent successful implementations of this strategic design.1	Introduction2	Ce/Ni Dual-Catalytic Decarboxylative Arylation3	Fe/Ni Dual-Catalytic Esterification of Aryl Halides4	Conclusion.
Management of Sternal Wound Infection—Determinants of Length of Stay and Recurrence of Infection after Muscle Flap Coverage
Authors: Feller Kathrin , Schipper Lukas , Liu Juan , Phan Truong Quang Vu , Kroeger Knut , Joeckel Karl-Heinz , Lax Hildegard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to define determinants of length of hospital stay (LOS) longer than mean and recurrence of infection (ROI) after complete healing of patients with deep sternal wound infections (DSWI).
Patients and Methods In this observational study, we included 303 patients (155 females and 148 males, with mean age of 68 years) treated from 2016 to 2020 at the Department of Plastic Surgery of the HELIOS Klinik Krefeld, Germany. All patients received extensive necrosectomy, repetitive negative pressure therapy periods, and final transplantation of a pectoral musculocutaneous flap. In the German diagnosis-related group (DRG)-system, the mean inpatient LOS depends on the number of surgical procedures and is longer in those with four or more surgical procedures (DRG IO2B) and shorter in those with fewer procedures (DRGs I02C and I02D). The determinants which have a significant effect on LOS longer than mean and ROI after complete healing were identified by estimating a logistic regression model. The effect of the different calculated determinants was quantified as odds ratio. To measure the discriminant ability of the model between patients, we determined a receiver operating characteristic curve. The fit of the model was quantified by comparing predicted probabilities of the model with empirical probabilities of the data. The goodness of fit was then measured by applying the Hosmer–Lemeshow test.
Results Among patients in DRG IO2B (n = 246), the variable clopidogrel and therapeutic anticoagulation was the most important determinant for a longer LOS, with an odds ratio of 5.83 (95% CI = 0.83/40.80). Female sex and renal insufficiency also prolonged LOS. Applying this analysis to the patients with group DRG groups I02C and I02D (n = 57), none of these parameters were predictive. The variable immunosuppression was the most important determinant for ROI (n = 49) (OR = 4.67; 95% CI = 1.01/21.52). Body mass index also played a role, but with a much smaller influence.
Conclusion There are specific risk factors for LOS longer than mean and ROI in patients with DSWI that can be identified on admission. Addressing these risk factors, if possible, could reduce the rate of patients with LOS longer than mean and ROI.
Mean-variance investing with factor tilting
Authors: Boido Claudio , Fasano Antonio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFactor analysis proposes an alternative approach to standard portfolio theory: the latter is optimisation based, while the former is estimation based. Also, in standard portfolio theory, returns are only explained by the portfolio volatility factor, while factor analysis proposes a multiplicity of factors, which the managers can choose from to tilt their portfolios. In attempting to reconcile these alternative worlds, we propose a penalised utility function, incorporating both the Markowitzian risk-return trade-off and the manager’s preferences towards factors, and discriminating among losses and gains relative to a reference asset. The penalisation affects the optimisation process, favouring the selection of portfolios with less variance and more tilted towards the chosen risk factors. Penalty levels set by the manager generalise the traditional notion of risk aversion. We test our model by building an investment portfolio based on a combination of asset classes and selected investing factors, focussed on the eurozone. To identify the optimal portfolio, we adopt a set of three metaheuristic optimisation algorithms: the fitness function stochastic maximization using genetic algorithms, differential evolution algorithm for global optimisation, and the particle swarm optimisation, and dynamically choose the best solution. In this way, we can improve the Markowitzian optimisation by tilting the asset allocation with managers’ expectations and desired exposures towards designated factors.
Benchmarking energy consumption and latency for neuromorphic computing in condensed matter and particle physics
Authors: Kösters Dominique J. , Kortman Bryan A. , Boybat Irem , Ferro Elena , Dolas Sagar , Ruiz de Austri Roberto , Kwisthout Johan , Hilgenkamp Hans , Rasing Theo , Riel Heike , Sebastian Abu , Caron Sascha , Mentink Johan H. 
Published: February 2023

The massive use of artificial neural networks (ANNs), increasingly popular in many areas of scientific computing, rapidly increases the energy consumption of modern high-performance computing systems. An appealing and possibly more sustainable alternative is provided by novel neuromorphic paradigms, which directly implement ANNs in hardware. However, little is known about the actual benefits of running ANNs on neuromorphic hardware for use cases in scientific computing. Here, we present a methodology for measuring the energy cost and compute time for inference tasks with ANNs on conventional hardware. In addition, we have designed an architecture for these tasks and estimate the same metrics based on a state-of-the-art analog in-memory computing (AIMC) platform, one of the key paradigms in neuromorphic computing. Both methodologies are compared for a use case in quantum many-body physics in two-dimensional condensed matter systems and for anomaly detection at 40 MHz rates at the Large Hadron Collider in particle physics. We find that AIMC can achieve up to one order of magnitude shorter computation times than conventional hardware at an energy cost that is up to three orders of magnitude smaller. This suggests great potential for faster and more sustainable scientific computing with neuromorphic hardware.
Effective removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous system by biochar-supported titanium dioxide (TiO
Authors: Zhu Yuen , Ning Yiru , Li Lingzhi , Chen Zhiying , Li Hua , Zhang Yaxin 
Published: February 2023

Environmental context Photocatalytic TiO2 materials are good prospects in water quality treatment due to their stable chemical properties and limited secondary pollution. TiO2 photocatalytic material prepared with biochar as a carrier can greatly improve the photocatalytic efficiency of CrVI, and the removal rate of CrVI can reach 84.4%. This study shows that biochar-supported TiO2 photocatalytic composites are feasible for the green and efficient removal of CrVI from an aqueous phase. Rationale TiO2 has great application prospects in the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater due to its photochemical stability and low toxicity. Loading TiO2 on solid adsorption materials can improve the photocatalytic efficiency and solve the problem of difficult separation and recovery of TiO2. Methodology In this study, biochar-supported TiO2 (BC-TiO2) and acid-washed biochar-supported TiO2 (HBC-TiO2) were prepared by a sol–gel method using biochar (BC) and acid-washed biochar (HBC) as adsorption carriers. The effects of various experimental parameters such as ultraviolet irradiation conditions, catalyst dose and pH on the removal efficiency of CrVI by BC, HBC, BC-TiO2 and HBC-TiO2 were investigated. The structure and morphology of the four materials were characterised. Results The results indicated that under the optimal reaction conditions (pH = 6, dosage of biochar materials/photocatalytic composites = 5 g/6 g), the removal percentage of CrVI changed as BC-TiO2 (Light) (84.43%) > HBC-TiO2 (Light) (80.19%) > BC-TiO2 (Dark) (57.9%) > HBC-TiO2 (Dark) (52.94%) > HBC (30.06%) > BC (14.66%). Loading TiO2 on biochar materials improved the specific surface area and increased the reaction sites when compared with BC and HBC. Discussion This study shows that BC-TiO2 is more suitable to remove CrVI from an aqueous system because of its high removal efficiency. The enrichment of CrVI on the biochars and the close contact between the biochar and TiO2 through the Ti–O–C dense heterojunction promote the interfacial transfer of CrVI, which is the key to the removal of CrVI. This study has great significance for the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater by photocatalytic composites.
Spatially resolved Raman piezospectroscopy for nondestructive evaluation of residual stress in β-Ga2O3 films
Authors: Hara Yasuaki , Zhu Wenliang , Deng Gaofeng , Marin Elia , Guo Qixin , Pezzotti Giuseppe 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the piezospectroscopic effect for β-Ga2O3, i.e. the spectral band shift in response to strain/stress, has been calibrated by the indentation method using spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy for quantitative stress evaluation of Ga2O3 devices, taking advantage of the crack-tip tensile stress field and the spatial probe deconvolution. A series of Vickers indentation prints were introduced on (010) and (

2
ˉ

01

) Ga2O3 single crystals, and the relationships between observed band shifts and residual stresses were clarified to determine the phonon deformation potentials of the Raman bands. Accordingly, a quantitative analysis of the residual stress field in a Ga2O3 thin film grown on (0001) sapphire by plasma-assisted pulsed laser deposition, which revealed the presence of a gradient of incompletely released stress in the depth direction of the film, is shown as an example.