bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of experimental studies on Salmonella persistence in insects
Authors: Pinarelli Fazion Juliane , Marzoli Filippo , Pezzuto Alessandra , Bertola Michela , Antonelli Pietro , Dolzan Beatrice , Barco Lisa , Belluco Simone 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe consumption of insects as food and feed has been recently suggested as a possible alternative to the rising global food need, thus it is crucial to monitor any potential food safety hazards in the insect supply chain. The aims of this systematic review were to collect, select, and evaluate studies investigating the persistence of Salmonella in insects. We searched PUBMED, EMBASE, WEB of Science Core Collection, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts. In total, 36 papers investigating the persistence of Salmonella in insects (both holometabolous and heterometabolous) were included after screening. Regarding complete metamorphosis insects, the longest Salmonella persistence was reported in Phormia regina, in which the pathogen persisted for 29 days at 5 °C. Similarly, Salmonella persisted in the feces of Alphitobius diaperinus for 28 days. The incomplete metamorphosis insect showing the longest Salmonella persistence (>10 months) was Blatella germanica. Periplaneta americana excreted Salmonella via feces for 44 days until all the insects were dead. The retrieved data on the persistence of Salmonella can be useful for further analysis by risk assessors and decision-makers involved in the safety of insect-based food, contributing to defining the sanitary requirements and risk mitigation measures along the supply chain. The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO database (CRD42022329213).
Solanum americanum genome-assisted discovery of immune receptors that detect potato late blight pathogen effectors
Authors: Lin Xiao , Jia Yuxin , Heal Robert , Prokchorchik Maxim , Sindalovskaya Maria , Olave-Achury Andrea , Makechemu Moffat , Fairhead Sebastian , Noureen Azka , Heo Jung , Witek Kamil , Smoker Matthew , Taylor Jodie , Shrestha Ram-Krishna , Lee Yoonyoung , Zhang Chunzhi , Park Soon Ju , Sohn Kee Hoon , Huang Sanwen , Jones Jonathan D. G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPotato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) crops suffer severe losses to late blight caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Solanum americanum, a relative of potato and tomato, is globally distributed and most accessions are highly blight resistant. We generated high-quality reference genomes of four S. americanum accessions, resequenced 52 accessions, and defined a pan-NLRome of S. americanum immune receptor genes. We further screened for variation in recognition of 315P. infestans RXLR effectors in 52 S. americanum accessions. Using these genomic and phenotypic data, we cloned three NLR-encoding genes, Rpi-amr4, R02860 and R04373, that recognize cognate P. infestans RXLR effectors PITG_22825 (AVRamr4), PITG_02860 and PITG_04373. These genomic resources and methodologies will support efforts to engineer potatoes with durable late blight resistance and can be applied to diseases of other crops.
Quality control of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. based on value chains and food chain analysis
Authors: Jiang Linlin , Niu Hui , Chen Yuan , Li Xing , Zhao Yulian , Zhang Chunhong , Li Minhui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlatycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. has been proposed as a medicine and food homology, thus playing an important role in disease prevention and health promotion, with great potential for research and value in clinical application. We aimed to analyze stakeholders' production behavior and financial performance from a value chain (VC) perspective and provide a basis for improving the quality of P. grandiflorum and the interests of stakeholders. P. grandiflorum collected from different producing areas were chemically analyzed, and the quality of platycodin D was evaluated. Rstudio3.6.0 was used to analyze the correlation between total platycodins (as platycodin D, platycoside E, and platycodin D3) and platycodin D in P. grandiflorum, providing the basis for quality control of P. grandiflorum. In addition, we studied the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of P. grandiflorum extract under different links. Based on the food chain energy pyramid, the transfer efficiency of active components of P. grandiflorum in different links was studied. Accordingly, 10 different types of VCs were determined in producing P. grandiflorum. Our results show that vertical coordination has led to a more consistent traceability system and strict regulation of supply chains.
Locomotion rhythm makes power and speed
Authors: Bejan A. , Gunes U. , Almahmoud H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article addresses two questions, why certain animals (frogs, breaststroke swimmers, hovering fliers, jellyfish) push rapidly against the surrounding fluid and then reach forward slowly, and whether this rhythm of propulsion is a manifestation of the universal phenomenon of design evolution in nature. Emphasis is on the distribution of time periods of locomotion in which, during the driving phase of cyclic movement (the motive stroke, phases 1 and 2, in alternating sequence with the dissipative stroke, phase 3), the work is generated (phase 1) and dissipated (phase 2). The relative lengths of the characteristic times t1 and t2 of the phases 1 and 2, are predicted. The relative duration of the proposed three phases of a cycle is the ‘rhythm’. The analysis is based on a model of how the effective cross-sections of the stroking body parts impact the surrounding medium, water, or air, and the total power required to account for the kinetic energy losses during phases 2 and 3, which are due to drag forces posed by the surrounding medium. The body configuration (limbs' cross-sections) determines the limbs' velocities that maximize mean power, and the times t1 and t2 within the motive stroke. Emphasis is placed on the freedom to change the evolving design. Freedom is represented in two ways: the number of degrees of freedom in changing the dimensions of the model and its deformation in time, and the effect that evolutionary changes have on the access that the body has to its available space. Freedom to change the locomotion design leads to greater power and speed.
Prevalence of gastroparesis in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Lianxin , Wang Luyao , Long Ruolan , Song Linrui , Yue Rensong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough there was no significant heterogeneity in the meta-publication, sensitivity analyses revealed significant heterogeneity. Overall, the prevalence was higher in women (N = 6, R = 4.6%, 95% CI 3.1%, 6.0%, and I2 = 99.8%) than in men (N = 6, R = 3.4%, 95% CI 2.0%, 4.7%, and I2 = 99.6the %); prevalence of type 2 diabetes (N = 9, R = 12.5%, 95% CI 7.7%, 17.3%, and I2 = 95.4%) was higher than type 1 diabetes (N = 7, R = 8.3%, 95% CI 6.4%, 10.2%, and I2 = 93.6%); the prevalence of DGP was slightly lower in DM patients aged over 60 years (N = 6, R = 5.5%, 95% CI 3.3%, 7.7%, and I2 = 99.9%) compared to patients under 60 years of age (N = 12, R = 15.8%, 95% CI 11 15.8%, 95% CI 11.4%, 20.2%, and I2 = 88.3%). In conclusion, our findings indicate that the combined estimated prevalence of gastroparesis in diabetic patients is 9.3%. However, the sensitivity of the results is high, the robustness is low, and there are significant bias factors. The subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence of DM-DGP is associated with factors such as gender, diabetes staging, age, and study method.
Predictors of infectious foci on FDG PET/CT in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Authors: Ghanem-Zoubi Nesrin , Abu-Elhija Jawad , Kagna Olga , Mustafa-Hellou Mona , Qasum Majd , Haber Daniel , Paul Mical , Keidar Zohar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe looked for predicting factors for the detection of infectious foci on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in combination with computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) among patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) who participated in an interventional study that was conducted at Rambam Health Care Campus, between July 1, 2015 and February 1, 2019. The primary outcome was an infectious focus detected by FDG PET/CT. Independent predictors for detection of focal infection were identified using univariate followed by a logistic regression multivariate analysis. We included 149 patients with 151 separate episodes of SAB who underwent FDG-PET/CT. Focal infections were detected in 107 patients (70.8%). Independent predictors for focal infection detection were community acquisition of bacteremia with odds ratio (OR) 3.03 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–8.77], p-0.042 and C reactive protein (CRP) with OR 1.09 [95% CI 1.04–1.14], p < 0.001. Primary bacteremia was inversely associated with focal infection detection with OR 0.27 [0.10–0.69], p = 0.007, as were the pre-scan blood glucose levels OR 0.9 [0.98–0.99], p-0.004. The latter stayed significant in the subgroup of patients with diabetes mellitus. To conclude, patients with community-acquired bacteremia or high CRP levels should be carefully investigated for focal infection. Patients who present with primary bacteremia seem to be at low risk for focal infection.
Communications with guaranteed bandwidth and low latency using frequency-referenced multiplexing
Authors: Zhou Zichuan , Wei Jinlong , Luo Yuan , Clark Kari A. , Sillekens Eric , Deakin Callum , Sohanpal Ronit , Slavík Radan , Liu Zhixin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEmerging cloud applications such as virtual reality and connected car fleets demand guaranteed connections, as well as low and stable latency, to edge data centres. Currently, user–cloud communications rely on time-scheduled data frames through tree-topology fibre networks, which are incapable of providing guaranteed connections with low or stable latency and cannot be scaled to a larger number of users. Here we show that a frequency-referenced multiplexing method can provide guaranteed bandwidth and low latency for time-critical applications. We use clock and optical frequency synchronization, enabled by frequency comb and signal processing techniques, to provide each user with dedicated optical bandwidth, creating scalable user–cloud upstream communications. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a frequency-division multiplexing system servicing up to 64 users with an aggregate bandwidth of 160 GHz, exhibiting a data rate of up to 4.3 Gbps per user (240.0 Gbps aggregated capacity considering a 200 GHz wavelength band) with a high receiver sensitivity of –35 dBm.
Spatial Metabolomics Reveals the Multifaceted Nature of Lamprey Buccal Gland and Its Diverse Mechanisms for Blood-Feeding
Authors: Gou Meng , Duan Xuyuan , Li Jun , Wang Yaocen , Li Qingwei , Pang Yue , Dong Yonghui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLampreys are blood-sucking vampires in marine environments. From a survival perspective, it is expected that the lamprey buccal gland exhibits a repository of pharmacologically active components to modulate the host’s homeostasis, inflammatory and immune responses. By analyzing the metabolic profiles of 14 different lamprey tissues, we show that two groups of metabolites in the buccal gland of lampreys, prostaglandins and the kynurenine pathway metabolites, can be injected into the host fish to assist lamprey blood feeding. Prostaglandins are well-known blood-sucking-associated metabolites that act as vasodilators and anticoagulants to maintain vascular homeostasis and are involved in inflammatory responses. The vasomotor reactivity test on catfish aortic ring showed that kynurenine can also relax the blood vessels of the host fish, thus improving the blood flow of the host fish at the bite site. Finally, a lamprey spatial metabolomics database (https://www.lampreydb.com) was constructed to assist studies using lampreys as animal model.
Neural encoding with unsupervised spiking convolutional neural network
Authors: Wang Chong , Yan Hongmei , Huang Wei , Sheng Wei , Wang Yuting , Fan Yun-Shuang , Liu Tao , Zou Ting , Li Rong , Chen Huafu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccurately predicting the brain responses to various stimuli poses a significant challenge in neuroscience. Despite recent breakthroughs in neural encoding using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in fMRI studies, there remain critical gaps between the computational rules of traditional artificial neurons and real biological neurons. To address this issue, a spiking CNN (SCNN)-based framework is presented in this study to achieve neural encoding in a more biologically plausible manner. The framework utilizes unsupervised SCNN to extract visual features of image stimuli and employs a receptive field-based regression algorithm to predict fMRI responses from the SCNN features. Experimental results on handwritten characters, handwritten digits and natural images demonstrate that the proposed approach can achieve remarkably good encoding performance and can be utilized for “brain reading” tasks such as image reconstruction and identification. This work suggests that SNN can serve as a promising tool for neural encoding.
Anthropogenic acidification of surface waters drives decreased biogenic calcification in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Pallacks Sven , Ziveri Patrizia , Schiebel Ralf , Vonhof Hubert , Rae James W. B. , Littley Eloise , Garcia-Orellana Jordi , Langer Gerald , Grelaud Michael , Martrat Belen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions directly or indirectly drive ocean acidification, warming and enhanced stratification. The combined effects of these processes on marine planktic calcifiers at decadal to centennial timescales are poorly understood. Here, we analyze size normalized planktic foraminiferal shell weight, shell geochemistry, and supporting proxies from 3 sediment cores in the Mediterranean Sea spanning several centuries. Our results allow us to investigate the response of surface-dwelling planktic foraminifera to increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide. We find that increased anthropogenic carbon dioxide levels led to basin wide reductions in size normalized weights by modulating foraminiferal calcification. Carbon (δ13C) and boron (δ11B) isotopic compositions also indicate the increasing influence of fossil fuel derived carbon dioxide and decreasing pH, respectively. Alkenone concentrations and test accumulation rates indicate that warming and changes in biological productivity are insufficient to offset acidification effects. We suggest that further increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide will drive ongoing reductions in marine biogenic calcification in the Mediterranean Sea.
Identifying and tracking mobile elements in evolving compost communities yields insights into the nanobiome
Authors: van Dijk Bram , Buffard Pauline , Farr Andrew D , Giersdorf Franz , Meijer Jeroen , Dutilh Bas E , Rainey Paul B 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Microbial evolution is driven by rapid changes in gene content mediated by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). While mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are important drivers of gene flux, the nanobiome—the zoo of Darwinian replicators that depend on microbial hosts—remains poorly characterised. New approaches are necessary to increase our understanding beyond MGEs shaping individual populations, towards their impacts on complex microbial communities. A bioinformatic pipeline (xenoseq) was developed to cross-compare metagenomic samples from microbial consortia evolving in parallel, aimed at identifying MGE dissemination, which was applied to compost communities which underwent periodic mixing of MGEs. We show that xenoseq can distinguish movement of MGEs from demographic changes in community composition that otherwise confounds identification, and furthermore demonstrate the discovery of various unexpected entities. Of particular interest was a nanobacterium of the candidate phylum radiation (CPR) which is closely related to a species identified in groundwater ecosystems (Candidatus Saccharibacterium), and appears to have a parasitic lifestyle. We also highlight another prolific mobile element, a 313 kb plasmid hosted by a Cellvibrio lineage. The host was predicted to be capable of nitrogen fixation, and acquisition of the plasmid coincides with increased ammonia production. Taken together, our data show that new experimental strategies combined with bioinformatic analyses of metagenomic data stand to provide insight into the nanobiome as a driver of microbial community evolution.
Nodulation number tempers the relative importance of stochastic processes in the assembly of soybean root-associated communities
Authors: Wang Lei , Jiao Yan , Bi Yingdong , Hu Yanli , Jiang Yan , Wang Shaodong , Wang Sui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Identifying the ecological forces that structure root-associated microbial communities is an essential step toward more sustainable agriculture. Legumes are widely utilized as model plants to study selective forces and their functioning in plant-microbial interactions owing to their ability to establish mutualism with rhizobia. Root nodules act as symbiotic organs to optimize the cost-benefit balance in this mutualistic relationship by modulating the number of nodules. However, it is not known whether the number of nodules is related to the structure of root-associated bacterial communities. Here, the root-associated bacterial communities of soybean grown in native soil by means of soybean cultivars with super- or normal nodulation were investigated across four developmental stages. We compared ecological processes between communities and found decreased relative importance of neutral processes for super-nodulating soybean, although the overall structures resembled those of normal-nodulating soybean. We identified the generalist core bacterial populations in each root-associated compartment, that are shared across root-associated niches, and persist through developmental stages. Within core bacterial species, the relative abundances of bacterial species in the rhizosphere microbiome were linked to host-plant functional traits and can be used to predict these traits from microbes using machine learning algorithms. These findings broaden the comprehensive understanding of the ecological forces and associations of microbiotas in various root-associated compartments and provide novel insights to integrate beneficial plant microbiomes into agricultural production to enhance plant performance.
A Negative Pressure Alarm for Use in Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Snyder Edward J. , Weckerly Sean , Gross Larry , Velez Melvin , Tackel Ira S. 
Published: August 2023

(J. Extra-Corpor. Technol. 20(2):63–66) The following is a design for a simple, inexpensive negative pressure alarm, with specific applications in neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO).
In a typical roller pump driven ECMO system, if the pump flow rate exceeds the heart’s venous return, or if for any reason there is insufficient blood flow into the tubing system, the negative pressure alarm disables the pump and activates alarms.
The unavailability of such a modular device, through commercial manufacturers, has facilitated the need for ECMO centers to fabricate their own alarm systems.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass During Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Sutton Robin G. , Dearing James P. 
Published: August 2023

(J. Extra-Corpor. Technol 20(2):67-71, 39 references) Reported cases of the pregnant patient during cardiopulmonary bypass are rare but not unique. This case report of the pregnant patient during cardiopulmonary bypass is unique for two reasons. First, the patient was also a Jehovah’s Witness and refused blood products. Secondly, this case report provides a literature review and specific cardiopulmonary bypass considerations pertinent to the perfusionist.
Recent literature reports that heart surgery is relatively safe during pregnancy. It is important to monitor fetal heart rate during the procedure not only to determine fetal distress but also to further knowledge in the area by documenting effects. The perfusion circuit must be prepared for the increased blood volume of the patient and still maintain minimal priming volumes.
Uterine blood flow is not autoregulated so it is important to maintain adequate cardiac output or blood flow and perfusion pressure during the operation. A cardiac index of 3 liters per minute per meter squared and mean blood pressure of 60 mmHg during our case gave us no signs of fetal distress. The pregnant patient should be maintained at normothermia and bypass times should be kept to a minimum.
An Inexpensive Real-Time Computer System For Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Jerabek Charles F. , Walton Howard G. , Sugden Ernest H. 
Published: August 2023

We have developed an inexpensive mobile computer system for the operating room. This system utilizes an IBM AT computer, 1200 baud modem, wide carriage dot matrix printer, serial interface card and Adalab-PC data acquisition hardware for continuous patient monitoring and data storage. The computer currently interfaces with the main monitor, blood gas machine, heart-lung machine and five Yellow Springs 400 series temperature probes. Flexibility has been built into the software to allow for the use of in line blood gas monitors, centrifugal pumps and up to sixteen continuously recorded parameters. Case data is stored under the patient's hospital number in ASCII disk files and can be transferred to the hospital mainframe computer for detailed statistical analysis.
Patient data is displayed on a color monitor during the case and is automatically printed as a permanent record when the patient leaves the surgery suite. Detailed information, calculated values, pressure trend graphs, temperature trend graphs and event timers are available through simple keystroke commands which change the screen on display.
The software is written by a perfusionist in the easily understood and modified Basic programming language. Under experimental conditions, this program has been used to control the heart-lung machine through the use of established algorithms.
Extended Extracorporeal Support Utilizing Minimal Heparin and Iloprost (ZK36374)
Authors: Pelley William B. , Taylor Donald D. , Butler Charles F. 
Published: August 2023

Iloprost (ZK36374), a prostacyclin analogue, has been shown to preserve platelet ultrastructure and reactivity. In an effort to reduce adverse platelet alterations, iloprost was utilized in three patients undergoing extended extra-corporeal support (EECS).
EECS times ranged from 21 to 46 hours. One patient was able to be weaned from EECS. iloprost allowed EECS in one patient who was heparin sensitive. All three patients demonstrated no platelet aggregation when challenged by ADP during iloprost infusion. Platelet reactivity returned to normal in the patient who was successfully weaned from EECS after iloprost was discontinued. Iloprost allowed EECS to be performed with minimal heparinization.
We conclude that minimal heparinization and iloprost may be a valuable addition for those patients requiring extended extra-corporeal support.