bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermo‐based fatigue life prediction: A review
Authors: Teng Zhenjie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this review paper is twofold:Recall the most captivating areas of research in predicting the fatigue life of metals with the application of thermal methodology, particularly for the stress‐controlled fatigue tests. The explicit lifetime models reviewed have been developed by scholars over the past two decades owing to the advancements in infrared thermal imaging technology.Introduce, discuss, and conclude a broad range of alternative theoretical frameworks in thermodynamics. Some investigations are made with the previous methods, including the most recent evolutions of lifetime models for structural integrity across various fields. Some future perspectives are provided in final, which could pave the way for a new realistic or potential capability.
The geographic range size and vulnerability to extinction of angiosperm epiphytes in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
Authors: Leão Tarciso C. C. , Reich Peter B. , Nic Lughadha Eimear 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimAngiosperm epiphytes have long been reported to have larger geographic ranges than terrestrial species, despite evidence of their outstanding diversity and endemism. This apparent contradiction calls for further investigation of epiphytes' poorly understood range size patterns. Here, we address the question of whether epiphytes have larger geographic ranges and different vulnerability to extinction than terrestrial species.LocationThe Atlantic Forest of Brazil, a global centre of tropical epiphyte diversity with relatively well‐known flora, where we can estimate the geographic ranges of a large number of species with reasonable confidence.Time periodOccurrence records from the 17th century to the year 2021.Major taxa studiedFlowering plants (angiosperms).MethodsWe downloaded, processed and cleaned all occurrence records for the angiosperm species native to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil available in the speciesLink network and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. We estimated the extent of occurrence and area of occupancy of 12,679 native flowering plants, including 1251 epiphytic species. We compared the geographic ranges of epiphytes and other life forms at broad (e.g. Angiosperms, Monocots) and more restricted taxonomic scales (e.g. individual families), assuming species are independent entities and also when accounting for species phylogenetic dependence.ResultsWe found that epiphytes have among the smallest geographic ranges of flowering plants. We found no consistent evidence that epiphytism leads to differences in geographic ranges between close relatives. However, both epiphytes and non‐epiphytes in epiphyte‐rich lineages have small ranges and likely a high vulnerability to extinction.Main ConclusionsOur findings contrast with the long‐held hypothesis that epiphytes have larger geographic ranges than terrestrial species. Epiphytes and their close relatives share many diversification mechanisms and ecological adaptations (‘epiphyte‐like traits’), which probably explain why both sets of species have small range sizes and high vulnerability to extinction.
Geriatric nutritional risk index as an easy‐to‐use assessment tool for nutritional status in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab
Authors: Hiraoka Atsushi , Kumada Takashi , Tada Toshifumi , Hirooka Masashi , Kariyama Kazuya , Tani Joji , Atsukawa Masanori , Takaguchi Koichi , Itobayashi Ei , Fukunishi Shinya , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Tajiri Kazuto , Ochi Hironori , Yasuda Satoshi , Toyoda Hidenori , Ogawa Chikara , Nishimura Takashi , Hatanaka Takeshi , Kakizaki Satoru , Shimada Noritomo , Kawata Kazuhito , Naganuma Atsushi , Kosaka Hisashi , Matono Tomomitsu , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Yata Yutaka , Ohama Hideko , Tada Fujimasa , Nouso Kazuhiro , Morishita Asahiro , Tsutsui Akemi , Nagano Takuya , Itokawa Norio , Okubo Tomomi , Arai Taeang , Imai Michitaka , Koizumi Yohei , Nakamura Shinichiro , Iijima Hiroko , Kaibori Masaki , Hiasa Yoichi ,   Real‐life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group and HCC 48 Group (hepatocellular carcinoma experts from 48 clinics in Japan)
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThe present study focused on Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), which is based on bodyweight and serum albumin, and known as an easy‐to‐use nutritional assessment tool in clinical settings, to elucidate the prognostic predictive ability of GNRI in patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA total of 525 HCC patients treated with Atez/Bev, based on their classification of unsuitable status for curative treatments and/or transarterial catheter chemoembolization, were enrolled (Child–Pugh A:B:C = 484:40:1, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0:A:B:C:D = 7:25:192:283:18). Prognosis was evaluated retrospectively using GNRI.ResultsAtez/Bev was used in 338 of the present cohort as first‐line systemic chemotherapy (64.4%). Median progression‐free survival based on GNRI indicating normal, mild decline, moderate decline, and severe decline was 8.3, 6.7, 5.3, and 2.4 months, respectively, whereas median overall survival was 21.4, 17.0, 11.5. and 7.3 months, respectively (both p < 0.001). The concordance index (c‐index) values of GNRI for predicting prognosis (progression‐free survival/overall survival) were superior to those of Child–Pugh class and albumin‐bilirubin grade (0.574/0.632 vs. 0.527/0.570 vs. 0.565/0.629). As a subanalysis, muscle volume loss was observed in 37.5% of 256 patients with computed tomography data available. Along with GNRI decline, frequency of muscle volume loss became progressively larger (normal vs. mild vs. moderate vs. severe = 17.6% vs. 29.2% vs. 41.2% vs. 57.9%, p < 0.001), and a GNRI value of 97.8 was predictive of its occurrence (AUC 0.715, 95% CI 0.649–0.781; specificity/sensitivity = 0.644/0.688).ConclusionThese findings indicate that GNRI is an effective nutritional prognostic tool for predicting prognosis and muscle volume loss complication in HCC patients treated with Atez/Bev.
Mechanism and treatment for chronic antibody‐mediated rejection in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Sasaki Hajime , Tanabe Tatsu , Tsuji Takahiro , Hotta Kiyohiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChronic antibody‐mediated rejection of kidney transplantation is a major cause of late‐stage graft loss. Donor‐specific antibodies are the main cause of antibody‐mediated rejection; in particular, de novo donor‐specific antibodies are a risk factor for chronic active antibody‐mediated rejection. The level of de novo donor‐specific antibodies tends to increase with time throughout long‐term graft survival. Donor‐specific antibodies induce humoral rejection through complement activation, which results in tissue injury and coagulation. Additionally, complement activation promotes the migration of inflammatory cells through the innate immune response, causing endothelial injury. This inflammatory response may cause persistent glomerulitis and peritubular capillaritis, leading to fixed pathological lesions that impair graft function. No treatment has been established for chronic antibody‐mediated rejection, a condition in which antibody‐mediated rejection becomes irreversible. Thus, antibody‐mediated rejection must be detected and treated while it is still reversible. In this review, we discuss the development of de novo donor‐specific antibodies and the mechanisms leading to chronic antibody‐mediated rejection and summarize the current treatment options and the latest biomarkers for detecting chronic antibody‐mediated rejection at an earlier stage.
RETRACTED: Wound healing rates and wound problems of conventional circumcision compared with ring circumcision: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Daya , Li Zhijia , Chen Ximeng , Wang Haibo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis investigation was executed to measure the wound healing rates (WHRs) and wound problems (WPs) of conventional circumcision (CC) compared with ring circumcision (RC). A comprehensive literature investigation till March 2023 was applied and 2347 interrelated investigations were reviewed. The 16 chosen investigations enclosed 25 838 individuals, with circumcision, were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 3252 of them were RC, and 2586 were CC. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compute the value of the WHRs and WPs of CC compared with RC by the dichotomous or continuous approaches and a fixed or random model. RC had a significantly lower wound infection rate (WIR) (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37‐0.91, P = .002) and wound bleeding rate (WBR) (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.12‐0.42, P < .001) compared with those with CC. However, RC and CC had no significant difference in WHR (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, −0.73 to 5.09, P = .14), wound edema rate (WER) (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.92‐1.33, P = .28), and wound dehiscence rate (WDR) (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.60‐1.58, P = .93). RC had significantly lower WIR, and WBR, however, no significant difference in WHR, WER, and WDR compared with those with CC. However, care must be exercised when dealing with its values because of the low sample size of some of the nominated investigations for the meta‐analysis.
‘Are they refugees or economic migrants?’ The effect of asylum seekers' motivation to migrate on intentions to help them
Authors: Bilgen Emine , Zagefka Hanna , Bjornsdottir R. Thora , Abayhan Yasemin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImmigration has played a significant role in human history as people move to new places for economic opportunities, religious freedom, and political refuge. However, asylum seekers are often viewed negatively and falsely portrayed in media, leading to fear and distrust among locals. In the current research, participants read a fictitious news article about an asylum seeker's (Syrian, Ukrainian, or Yemeni) motivation for seeking asylum (seeking safety, seeking financial betterment from a position of relative financial hardship, or seeking financial betterment from a position of extreme financial hardship). Participants then reported their willingness to help that asylum seeker, and their prejudice and empathy toward both that asylum seeker and their group as a whole (e.g., Syrian refugees). Results showed that people were more willing to help asylum seekers whose motivation for seeking asylum was grounded in safety concerns rather than moderate financial concerns (studies 1, 2, and 3). Participants also reported more willingness to help the asylum seeker's group as a whole if the individual asylum seeker's motivation was described as seeking safety rather than financial betterment. Further, describing financial concerns as so severe that they endangered survival generated more willingness to help than moderate financial concerns, demonstrating that severe enough financial concerns may be perceived as safety concerns (study 3). We also found that people were more willing to help Ukrainian refugees than Syrian refugees. Altogether, these findings have both theoretical and practical implications.
Social identification dimensions, sources of discrimination, and sexuality support as correlates of well‐being among sexual minorities
Authors: Hambour Victoria K. , Duffy Amanda L. , Zimmer‐Gembeck Melanie J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSexual minorities experience poorer well‐being compared to their heterosexual peers, with discrimination explaining some of this disparity. However, according to the rejection identification model (RIM; Branscombe et al., 1999), this impact of discrimination can be mitigated by minority social identification. The aim of the current study was to test the associations of discrimination and social identification with well‐being (measured as psychological distress, loneliness, and life satisfaction) among sexual minorities, and to expand on past research by considering multiple dimensions of social identification and the unique roles of family discrimination and peer sexuality support in well‐being. A survey was completed by 184 young adult cisgender gay men and lesbian women aged 18–30 years (M = 22.78, SD = 3.49). Different than proposed in the RIM, there were no indirect associations of discrimination (either from family or from others) with well‐being via social identification. However, family discrimination was directly related to poorer well‐being, and peer sexuality support was indirectly related to less psychological distress and loneliness through one component of minority identification (ingroup affect).
Melatonin regulates cancer migration and stemness and enhances the anti‐tumour effect of cisplatin
Authors: Cheng Linglin , Li Shubo , He Kailun , Kang Ye , Li Tianye , Li Chunting , Zhang Yi , Zhang Wanlu , Huang Yongye 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMelatonin, a lipophilic hormone released from the pineal gland, has oncostatic effects on various types of cancers. However, its cancer treatment potential needs to be improved by deciphering its corresponding mechanisms of action and optimising therapeutic strategy. In the present study, melatonin inhibited gastric cancer cell migration and soft agar colony formation. Magnetic‐activated cell sorting was applied to isolate CD133+ cancer stem cells. Gene expression analysis showed that melatonin lowered the upregulation of LC3‐II expression in CD133+ cells compared to CD133− cells. Several long non‐coding RNAs and many components in the canonical Wnt signalling pathway were altered in melatonin‐treated cells. In addition, knockdown of long non‐coding RNA H19 enhanced the expression of pro‐apoptotic genes, Bax and Bak, induced by melatonin treatment. Combinatorial treatment with melatonin and cisplatin was investigated to improve the applicability of melatonin as an anticancer therapy. Combinatorial treatment increased the apoptosis rate and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Melatonin can regulate migration and stemness in gastric cancer cells by modifying many signalling pathways. Combinatorial treatment with melatonin and cisplatin has the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy of both.
Comparative analysis of systemic oncological treatments and best supportive care for advanced gastresophageal cancer: A comprehensive scoping review and evidence map
Authors: Marilina Santero , Adriana Meade , Anna Selva , Roberto Acosta‐Dighero , Nicolás Meza , Jesús Quintana Maria , Javier Bracchiglione , Carolina Requeijo , Josefina Salazar , Gerardo Rodríguez Grijalva , Ivan Solà , Gerard Urrútia , Xavier Bonfill Cosp ,   Appropriateness of Systemic Oncological Treatments for Advanced Cancer (ASTAC) Research Group
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify, describe, and organize the available evidence regarding systemic oncological treatments compared to best supportive care (BSC) for advanced gastresophageal cancer.MethodsWe conducted a thorough search across MEDLINE (PubMed), EMbase (Ovid), The Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, PROSPERO, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Our inclusion criteria encompassed systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, quasi‐experimental and observational studies involving patients with advanced esophageal or gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy or biological/targeted therapy compared to BSC. The outcomes included survival, quality of life, functional status, toxicity, and quality of end‐of‐life care.ResultsWe included and mapped 72 studies, comprising SRs, experimental and observational designs, 12 on esophageal cancer, 51 on gastric cancer, and 10 both locations. Most compared schemes including chemotherapy (47 studies), but did not report therapeutic lines. Moreover, BSC as a control arm was poorly defined, including integral support and placebo. Data favor the use of systemic oncological treatments in survival outcomes and BSC in toxicity. Data for outcomes including quality of life, functional status, and quality of end‐of‐life care were limited. We found sundry evidence gaps specifically in assessing new treatments such as immunotherapy and important outcomes such as functional status, symptoms control, hospital admissions, and the quality of end‐life care for all the treatments.ConclusionsThere are important evidence gaps regarding new for patients with advanced gastresophageal cancer and the effect of systemic oncological treatments on important patient‐centered outcomes beyond survival. Future research should clearly describe the population included, specifying previous treatments and considering therapeutic, and consider all patient‐centered outcomes. Otherwise, it will be complex to apply research results into practice.
Heart failure with comorbid dementia: Association with clinical characteristics and outcomes
Authors: Jensen Michael S. , Cenzer Irena , Kelley Amy S. , Covinsky Kenneth E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) and dementia both have profound effects on function and mortality in older persons. However, we have limited knowledge about the impact of co‐occurring HF and dementia. Our goal was to understand how often persons with HF have dementia and the impact of their co‐occurrence.MethodsRetrospective analysis of participants (age > 65) in the 2015 wave of the nationally representative Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) with linkage to Medicare claims. 912 participants with HF (45% older than 80, 51% women) using Medicare claims. We used the validated NHATS dementia algorithm to identify those with probable dementia. Outcomes of interest included the need for help with activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) at baseline, functional decline, hospitalization over 1 year, and mortality over 2‐years. Baseline functional status, functional decline, and hospitalization were compared using adjusted logistic regression, mortality was analyzed using adjusted Cox regression models adjusted for demographics, socio‐economic status, baseline health, and baseline functional status.Results200 (21%) of the participants with HF also had dementia. For each I/ADL, patients with both HF and dementia were more likely to need help than those with HF without dementia. 71.8% of participants with HF and dementia needed help with medications versus 16.6% with HF without dementia (p < 0.001). Having HF and dementia was associated with an increased risk of requiring help with additional ADLs after one year (aOR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.53, 4.73). Participants with HF and dementia had an increased risk of being hospitalized within one year (aOR = 2.02 95% CI 1.16, 3.54), or dying within two years (aHR = 1.52 95% CI 1.03, 2.26).ConclusionsOne‐fifth of persons over age 65 with HF also have comorbid dementia. Co‐occurring HF and dementia markedly increase functional impairment and subsequent ADL decline, hospitalization, and death. These results highlight the need for physician awareness for signs of dementia, and appropriate adjustments in the management of HF.
Molecular phylogeny and morphological studies reveal a 30‐year‐old rain tree (Samanea saman) maintains populations of Meloidogyne enterolobii, a new host plant in Thailand
Authors: Jindapunnapat Kansiree , Chinnasri Buncha , Beesa Natthidech , Chomphuphuang Narin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSamanea saman (Jacq.) Merr., commonly known as rain tree, is a crucial shade tree with traditional medicinal properties. In our study, 50 soil samples were collected around the rhizosphere of rain tree in Bangkok, Pathum Thani, Uttaradit, Khon Kaen and Ubon Ratchathani Provinces in Thailand. Meloidogyne populations were only found in soil samples from Mueang district, Khon Kaen Province and a 30‐year‐old rain tree exhibited root gall symptoms caused by root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) on its adventitious roots. The species of the nematodes were identified based on its morphological and molecular characteristics. The results demonstrated that the perineal patterns and morphometrics of the nematodes were highly similar to the original description of M. enterolobii, except for a squarish dorsal arch and two faint lateral lines. During the molecular analysis, nematode DNA was extracted and amplified using three primer sets, C2F3/1108, D2A/D3B and MK7F/MK7R SCAR primer, to generate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of 700, 750 and 520 bp, respectively. The polygenetic tree of the two markers displayed similarity among the COII and the 16S rRNA gene in mitochondria and the D2/D3 region in 28S rRNA. Therefore, the nematodes were identified as M. enterolobii Yang and Eisenback, 1983. This study reports a new host record of M. enterolobii on rain tree.
Forced sympatry? Spatiotemporal interactions of ursids, the Himalayan brown bear and the Asiatic black bear, along a gradient of anthropic disturbances in Western Himalaya
Authors: Thakur S. , Pal R. , Kahera N. S. , Sathyakumar S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe coexistence of species with similar ecological niches implies that species must segregate along one or more niche axes in order to avoid competition. Partitioning of time, space, or resources is an essential niche dimension along which competitor species tend to coexist. The intensity of interspecific competition may vary under varying anthropogenic pressures, but such knowledge is scarce. We investigated the co‐occurrence patterns of two bear species, Asiatic Black Bear Ursus thibetanus and Himalayan Brown Bear Ursus arctos isabellinus, at two sites in the Western Himalayan region of India with similar ecological conditions and varying anthropogenic pressures. Camera trap datasets from the Great Himalayan National Park (GHNP) in Himachal Pradesh and the Bhagirathi basin in Uttarakhand were used to assess the species interactions. We used two species interaction models and kernel density estimates to understand the co‐occurrence pattern of the bear species and their interactions with humans. Our results provide insights into the spatiotemporal behavior of the two bear species and reveal their sympatric and allopatric relationships in two different anthropogenic environments. We found (1) a prominent association between the two bear species (98%) indicating spatial overlap in GHNP, but found spatial separation among the two species (93%) in Bhagirathi basin (2). In GHNP, the spatially co‐occurring bear species were found to be temporarily segregated, whereas in Bhagirathi, they showed spatial avoidance and similar activity patterns (3). In GHNP, human activities in the alpine habitat had a significant negative impact on brown bear presence. The comparative study revealed that the brown bear uses the forested habitats of GHNP due to high anthropogenic disturbances in the alpine areas, whereas no spatial association was observed in the Bhagirathi basin with comparatively low anthropogenic disturbances. The results highlight that, in addition to biological factors, anthropogenic pressures can also influence interspecific competition.