bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated evaluation for rapid implementation of knowledge‐based radiotherapy planning models
Authors: Harms Joseph , Pogue Joel A. , Cardenas Carlos E. , Stanley Dennis N. , Cardan Rex , Popple Richard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeKnowledge‐based planning (KBP) offers the ability to predict dose‐volume metrics based on information extracted from previous plans, reducing plan variability and improving plan quality. As clinical integration of KBP is increasing there is a growing need for quantitative evaluation of KBP models. A .NET‐based application, RapidCompare, was created for automated plan creation and analysis of Varian RapidPlan models.MethodsRapidCompare was designed to read calculation parameters and a list of reference plans. The tool copies the reference plan field geometry and structure set, applies the RapidPlan model, optimizes the KBP plan, and generates data for quantitative evaluation of dose‐volume metrics. A cohort of 85 patients, divided into training (50), testing (10), and validation (25) groups, was used to demonstrate the utility of RapidCompare. After training and tuning, the KBP model was paired with three different optimization templates to compare various planning strategies in the validation cohort. All templates used the same set of constraints for the planning target volume (PTV). For organs‐at‐risk, the optimization template provided constraints using the whole dose‐volume histogram (DVH), fixed‐dose/volume points, or generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD). The resulting plans from each optimization approach were compared using DVH metrics.ResultsRapidCompare allowed for the automated generation of 75 total plans for comparison with limited manual intervention. In comparing optimization techniques, the Dose/Volume and Lines optimization templates generated plans with similar DVH metrics, with a slight preference for the Lines technique with reductions in heart V30Gy and spinal cord max dose. The gEUD model produced high target heterogeneity.ConclusionAutomated evaluation allowed for the exploration of multiple optimization templates in a larger validation cohort than would have been feasible using a manual approach. A final KBP model using line optimization objectives produced the highest quality plans without human intervention.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Air Pollution Purification and Detection
Authors: Jin Yehao , Liu Huali , Feng Mengchu , Ma Qinglang , Wang Bo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), an emerging class of porous crystalline material, are identified as a promising candidate for tackling the most formidable global challenges due to their unique and intriguing properties including well‐defined porous crystal structure, large specific surface area, and vast tunable chemical and physical property. Air pollution resulting from various toxic gases, volatile organic compounds, and fine particulate matters has posed a big threat to human health and ecological sustainability. In recent years, various MOFs are studied and shown great potential as active materials for air pollution control in both pollutant detection and air quality remediation. In this review, the most recent research progress for MOFs‐based materials for air pollution control is summarized. The discussion is categorized based on the different approaches for air quality control with a focus on the performance correlations to the structure and functionality of MOFs. In addition, the technical merits and downsides of each approach are discussed based on their application scenarios. Finally, the remaining challenges and future research directions in this field are proposed.
Contrasting Miscibility of Ionic Liquid Membranes for Nearly Perfect Proton Selectivity in Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Lee Jungho , Kim Seulwoo , Park Kyobin , Koo Hansol , Park Chanui , Park Yuwon , Lee Won Bo , Lee Young Joo , Lee Kyu Tae 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIon‐selective membranes are widely used in various energy storage applications. However, conventional polymer‐based ion‐selective membranes, such as Nafion, are not perfectly ion‐selective, leading to a significant permeation of undesirable ionic species. As the imperfect ion‐selectivity of membranes leads to the failure of energy storage devices, much effort is devoted to improving membrane ion‐selectivity. Herein, an immiscible liquid‐state membrane is introduced for aqueous redox flow batteries. As hydrophobic ionic liquids are immiscible with aqueous catholyte and anolyte solutions, they separate the two without crossover. This property renders them suitable for use as a membrane for aqueous redox flow batteries. In addition, ionic liquids with long side alkyl chains, such as 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (HMIM‐TFSI), are miscible with sulfuric acid, whereas transition metal sulfates remain insoluble in HMIM‐TFSI. For this reason, HMIM‐TFSI is selectively permeable to protons and remains impermeable to transition metal cations. As a result, the HMIM‐TFSI membrane is almost perfectly proton‐selective, leading to negligible permeability of unfavorable ionic species, such as transition metal cations. Eventually, the HMIM‐TFSI membrane shows the excellent electrochemical performance of vanadium redox flow batteries, such as negligible self‐discharge over 2800 h, high Coulombic efficiency (≈99%), and stable capacity retention over 100 cycles.
Fast and Long‐Lasting Potassium‐Ion Storage Enabled by Rationally Engineering Strain‐Relaxation Bi/Bi2O3 Nanodots Embedded in Carbon Sheets
Authors: Liu Xi , Sun Zhefei , Sun Yingjuan , Lin Haoxiang , Chen Zhisong , Chen Xiaoxuan , Niu Li , Zhang Qiaobao , Li Hongyan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBismuth (Bi)‐based materials merit high theoretical volumetric specific capacity (3800 mAh mL⁻1) but suffer from huge volume variations and sluggish reaction kinetics during cycling. Herein, the optimal framework of Bi/Bi2O3 nanodots enriched in suitable outer amorphous carbon sheets (Bi/Bi2O3 NDs@CSs) is first proposed to alleviate volume variations and accelerate stable charge transport to boost K+ storage performance. The introduction of proper Bi2O3 not only provides an efficient K+ adsorption path, but also effectively buffers volume changes via conversion reaction. Accordingly, the as‐prepared anode exhibits a remarkable rate capability (149.3 mAh g−1 at 60 A g−1, 42% capacity retention with a 120‐fold current‐density increase) and extraordinary durability (1800 cycles at 5.0 A g−1, 95% capacity retention), among the best rate and cycling performance to date in potassium ion batteries (PIBs) anodes. Theoretical calculations reveal the feasible structures of Bi/Bi2O3 NDs@CSs with double protection of carbon sheets and Bi2O3 are conducive to enhance charge transfer and efficiency of electrochemical reaction. Substantial in situ/ex situ characterizations and finite element simulation further unveil high reversibility and robust mechanical behavior of Bi/Bi2O3 NDs@CSs, favorable for the reinforcement of structural stability. This study provides new insights into developing high‐performance and durable Bi‐based anodes for PIBs.
Intriguing Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Crystalline Porous Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhu Yu‐Qi , Wang Xing‐Huo , Wu Ming‐Xue 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have become a hot topic in the field of luminescence wherein the crystalline porous organic frameworks (metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs))‐based RTP materials are receiving considerable attention. Beyond all doubt, crystalline porous organic frameworks‐based RTP materials perfectly integrate the advantages of crystalline porous organic frameworks and RTP materials. This review provides a timely and brief outline for the development of crystalline porous organic frameworks RTP materials including the construction strategy of MOFs/HOFs/COFs‐based RTP materials and their RTP performance as well as potential applications. Moreover, the conclusion and outlook are also discussed to present the challenges and prospects for further development of high‐performance MOFs/HOFs/COFs‐based RTP materials.
Synergy of Epitaxial Layer and Bulk Doping Enables Structural Rigidity of Cobalt‐Free Ultrahigh‐Nickel Oxide Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Yang‐Yang , Liang Zhiming , Liu Zhi‐Chao , Liu Sheng , Ban Chunmei , Li Guo‐Ran , Gao Xue‐Ping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCobalt‐free ultrahigh‐nickel layered oxide cathodes hold great promise for reducing the cost and enhancing the energy density of Li‐ion batteries. However, the increasing Ni content and the elimination of Co could cause severe interfacial and structural degradation, leading to poor electrochemical performance of ultrahigh‐nickel layered oxide cathodes. Here, a Co‐free oxide, LiNi0.96Al0.03Ca0.01O2 (NAC), where Ca acts as pillar ions at the surface and Al works as an oxygen stabilizer across the bulk, is presented. An epitaxial layer rich in segregated Ca can effectively inhibit adverse surface reconstruction at high states of charge, together with the oxygen stabilization of bulk phase by doping Al, significantly reinforcing the structural rigidity of the layered oxide during cycling. The fabricated NAC cathode material exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance in terms of high cycling stability with 93% capacity retention over 500 cycles and a material‐level energy density of ~800 Wh kg−1. This study provides an efficient and feasible strategy to design and stabilize ultrahigh‐nickel oxides for lithium‐ion batteries.
Highly Efficient Peroxymonosulfate Activation on Electron‐Enriched Ruthenium Dual‐Atom Sites Catalysts for Enhanced Water Purification
Authors: Xu Shizhe , Mi Xueyue , Wang Pengfei , Mao Yueshuang , Zhou Qixing , Zhan Sihui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBy rationally adjusting the coordination environment and constructing the more electron‐enriched active site in single‐atom catalysts, the effect of heterogenous peroxymonosulfate (PMS)‐based Fenton‐like reactions can be effectively improved, yet remains a severe challenge. In this study, the electron‐rich Ru dual‐atom site is successfully immobilized onto N‐doped carbon (Ru2N6‐C) for PMS activation in water purification. The presence of electron‐rich Ru dual‐atom sites not only provides more electrons for PMS but also facilitates the formation of a Yeager adsorption configuration on the catalyst surface, which enhances O─O bond cleavage and leads to an increase in •SO4− and •OH generation. Moreover, the Ru2N6‐C catalyst exhibits exceptional durability and reliability, achieving an ultra‐high efficiency with a turnover frequency of 153.95 min−1 M−1 for the naproxen degradation. A membrane reactor is further developed for the purification of wastewater, which is expected to provide a viable approach to controlling water pollution through the design of metal dual‐atom sites carbon‐based catalysts.
Highly Coherent Nitrogen‐Vacancy Centers in Diamond via Rational High‐Pressure and High‐Temperature Synthesis and Treatment
Authors: Zhang Xiaoran , Liu Kang‐Yuan , Li Fengjiao , Liu Xiaobing , Duan Shuai , Wang Jia‐Ning , Liu Gang‐Qin , Pan Xin‐Yu , Chen Xin , Zhang Ping , Ma Yanming , Chen Changfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe high‐pressure and high‐temperature (HPHT) diamonds with well‐controlled defects and low stress offer an ideal host substrate for the fields of quantum information science; however, fabrication of quantum‐grade HPHT diamonds remains a pressing challenge. Here, a major advance in generating highly coherent nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers, a promising spin defect in diamonds, via tailored HPHT synthesis and postgrown annealing treatment is reported. The resulting well‐dispersed single NV− centers in type‐IIa diamonds exhibit long spin coherence times comparable to that of the reported chemical vapor deposition diamonds. Moreover, high‐density NV− ensembles in 〈100〉‐grown type‐Ib diamonds with superb zero‐phonon lines considerably sharper than those of native NV− centers in as‐grown diamonds, together with low splitting of resonances are produced. These findings demonstrate a superior synthesis and optimization protocol for creating high‐quality NV− centers avoiding lattice damage in diamond to meet the stringent requirements for a wide range of emerging quantum technologies.
Leveraging Coupling Effect‐Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance of Ruthenium Nanocrystal‐Decorated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Boosted Photothermal Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Pin , Chen Zheng , Xia Fan , Wang Nan , Zhao Jing , Hu Xi , Zhu Mingjian , Yu Shiyi , Ling Daishun , Li Fangyuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhotothermal immunotherapy (PTI) has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment, while its efficacy is often hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, this work presents a multifunctional platform for tumor PTI based on ruthenium nanocrystal‐decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (RuNC‐MSN). By precisely regulating the distance between RuNC on MSN, this work achieves a remarkable enhancement in surface plasmon resonance of RuNC, leading to a significant improvement in the photothermal efficiency of RuNC‐MSN. Furthermore, the inherent catalase‐like activity of RuNC‐MSN enables effective modulation of the immunosuppressive TME, thereby facilitating an enhanced immune response triggered by the photothermal effect‐mediated immunogenic cell death (ICD). As a result, RuNC‐MSN exhibits superior PTI performance, resulting in pronounced inhibition of primary tumor and metastasis. This study highlights the rational design of PTI agents with coupling effect‐enhanced surface plasmon resonance, enabling simultaneous induction of ICD and regulation of the immunosuppressive TME, thereby significantly boosting PTI efficacy.
Immunogenic PANoptosis‐Initiated Cancer Sono‐Immune Reediting Nanotherapy by Iteratively Boosting Cancer Immunity Cycle
Authors: Zhou Liqiang , Lyu Jinxiao , Liu Fang , Su Yanhong , Feng Ling , Zhang Xuanjun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe cancer‐immune cycle conceptualized the mechanisms of driving T cell responses to tumors, but w as limited by immunological ignorance elicited by tumor inherent immunoediting, which failed to initiate and maintain adaptive immunity. Targeting specific vulnerabilities of cell death patterns may provide unique opportunities to boost T cell antitumor immunological effects. Here an ultrasound nanomedicine‐triggered tumor immuno‐reediting therapeutic strategy using nano/genetically engineered extracellular vesicles, which can induce tumor highly immunogenic PANoptosis and iteratively start‐up the energization of cancer innate immunity cycle by repeatedly liberating damage‐associated molecular patterns, thereby priming sufficient antigen‐specific T cells and shaping protective immune response through activating cGAS‐STING signaling pathways, is reported. Aided by immune checkpoint blockade, the reprogramming of immune microenvironment further facilitated a prompt bridging of innate and adaptive immunity, and remarkably suppressed metastatic and rechallenged tumor growth. Thus, targeting PANoptotic cell death provides a catcher against immune escape and a positive‐feedback immune activation gateway for overcoming immune resistance to intractable cancers.
Instant Protection Spray for Anti‐Infection and Accelerated Healing of Empyrosis
Authors: Guan Wei , Gong Caixin , Wu Shuilin , Cui Zhenduo , Zheng Yufeng , Li Zhaoyang , Zhu Shengli , Liu Xiangmei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDistinct from common injuries, deep burns often require a chronic recovery cycle for healing and long‐term antibiotic treatment to prevent infection. The rise of drug‐resistant bacteria has caused antibiotics to no longer be perfect, and continuous drug use can easily lead to repeated infection and even death. Inspired by wild animals that chew plants to prevent wound infection, probiotic extracts with a structure similar to the tailspike of phage are obtained from Lactobacillus casei and combined with different flavones to design a series of nonantibiotic bactericides. These novel antibacterial agents are combined with a rapid gelation spray with a novel cross‐angle layout to form an instant protection spray (IPS) and provide a physical and anti‐infectious barrier for burns within 30 s. This IPS is able to sterilize 100.00% and 96.14% of multidrug‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro and in vivo, respectively. In addition, it is found to effectively reduce inflammation in MRSA‐infected burns in rats and to promote tissue healing.
Dual‐Color Real‐Time Chemosensing of a Compartmentalized Reaction Network Involving Enzyme‐Induced Membrane Permeation of Peptides
Authors: Jiang Ruixue , Nilam Mohamed , Hennig Andreas , Nau Werner M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe design of synthetic systems with interrelated reaction sequences that model incipient biological complexity is limited by physicochemical tools that allow the direct monitoring of the individual processes in real‐time. To mimic a simple digestion‐resorption sequence, the authors have designed compartmentalized liposomal systems that incorporate extra‐ and intravesicular chemosensing ensembles. The extravesicular reporter pair consists of cucurbit[7]uril and methylene blue to monitor the enzymatic cleavage of short enkephalin‐related peptides by thermolysin through a switch‐off fluorescence response (“digestion”). Because the substrate is membrane‐impermeable, but the dipeptide product is permeable, uptake of the latter into the pre‐formed liposomes occurs as a follow‐up process. The intravesicular chemosensing ensemble consists of i) cucurbit[8]uril, 2‐anilinonaphthalene‐6‐sulfonic acid, and methyl viologen or ii) cucurbit[7]uril and berberine to monitor the uptake (“resorption”) of the enzymatic products through the liposomal membranes by i) a switch‐on or ii) a switch‐off fluorescence response. The dyes are designed to allow selective optical excitation and read‐out of the extra‐ and intravesicular dyes, which allow for dual‐color chemosensing and, therefore, kinetic discrimination of the two sequential reactions.
Magnetic Imaging and Domain Nucleation in CrSBr Down to the 2D Limit
Authors: Zur Yishay , Noah Avia , Boix‐Constant Carla , Mañas‐Valero Samuel , Fridman Nofar , Rama‐Eiroa Ricardo , Huber Martin E. , Santos Elton J. G. , Coronado Eugenio , Anahory Yonathan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent advancements in 2D materials have revealed the potential of van der Waals magnets, and specifically of their magnetic anisotropy that allows applications down to the 2D limit. Among these materials, CrSBr has emerged as a promising candidate, because its intriguing magnetic and electronic properties have appeal for both fundamental and applied research in spintronics or magnonics. In this work, nano‐SQUID‐on‐tip (SOT) microscopy is used to obtain direct magnetic imaging of CrSBr flakes with thicknesses ranging from monolayer (N = 1) to few‐layer (N = 5). The ferromagnetic order is preserved down to the monolayer, while the antiferromagnetic coupling of the layers starts from the bilayer case. For odd layers, at zero applied magnetic field, the stray field resulting from the uncompensated layer is directly imaged. The progressive spin reorientation along the out‐of‐plane direction (hard axis) is also measured with a finite applied magnetic field, allowing evaluation of the anisotropy constant, which remains stable down to the monolayer and is close to the bulk value. Finally, by selecting the applied magnetic field protocol, the formation of Néel magnetic domain walls is observed down to the single‐layer limit.
In Situ Time‐Controllable Chemical Plasma Membrane Injury by Microfluidic Probe Reveals Self‐Repair Ability of Single Cells
Authors: Song Yang , Zhang Qiang , Li Yuxuan , Lin Jiaxu , Lin Jin‐Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe loss of plasma membrane integrity poses a serious threat to cells, and the plasma membrane repair mechanism is vital to cell survival. To investigate the plasma membrane repair mechanism, a method for causing controllable plasma membrane injury on single cells and the visualization of the plasma membrane repair process are proposed. A microregion with harmful chemicals is created by open microfluidic probe, which is applied to target single cells for injury. The injury time is precisely controlled by simply moving the target cells in and out of the microregion. Wound‐repair process caused by injury is analyzed by fluorescence imaging in real time, revealing the repair kinetics at the single cell level. Using this method, the effect of external conditions (Ca2+, Mg2+, glucose) on plasma membrane repair in single cells is studied and the dynamics of intracellular species (Ca2+) is monitored. Meanwhile, cellular heterogeneity of plasma membrane repair is revealed. This method provides a precise way to induce chemical plasma membrane injury at the single‐cell level, which is a promising tool to study the mechanism of plasma membrane repair.
Nonlinear Loss Engineering in Near‐Zero‐Index Bulk Materials
Authors: Jaffray Wallace , Clerici Matteo , Heijnen Bram , Boltasseva Alexandra , Shalaev Vladimir M. , Ferrera Marcello 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTransparent conducting oxides (TCOs) show unprecedented optical nonlinearities in the near infrared wavelength range, where the real part of their linear refractive index approaches zero. More specifically, the Kerr nonlinearities of these materials have sparked widespread attention due to their magnitude and speed. However, due to the absorptive nature of these nonlinear processes, it is of fundamental interest to further investigate the imaginary component of the nonlinear index. The present work studies the nonlinear optical absorption properties of aluminium‐doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films in their near‐zero‐index (NZI) spectral window. It is found that the imaginary part of the refractive index is reduced under optical excitation such that the field penetration depth more than doubles. An optically induced shift of the NZI bandwidth of ≈120 nm for a pump intensity of 1.3 TW cm−2 is also demonstrated. Looking into the optically induced spectral redistribution of the probe signal, local net gain is recorded, which is ascribed to a nonlinear adiabatic energy transfer. The present study adds key information about the fundamental interplay between real and imaginary nonlinear indices in NZI media, while advancing parametric amplification as viable direction for loss compensation.