bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Long-Term Sequelae of Pulmonary Dysfunction Associated with COVID-19 Using Pulmonary Pulse Transit Time
Authors: Duran Mustafa , Uygun Turgut , Kurtipek Ercan 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Studies report deleterious impacts of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on multiple organs in the human body, not only in the acute infection period but also in the long-term sequelae. Recently defined pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT) was found to be a useful parameter regarding the evaluation of pulmonary hemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pPTT might be a favorable tool for detecting the long-term sequelae of pulmonary dysfunction associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Materials and Methods:
We evaluated 102 eligible patients with a prior history of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospitalization at least 1 year ago and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants’ medical records and clinical and demographic features were analyzed and underwent detailed 12-lead electrocardiography, echocardiographic assessment, and pulmonary function tests.

Results:
According to our study, pPTT was positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in the 1st s, peak expiratory flow, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (r = 0.478, P < 0.001; r = 0.294, P = 0.047; and r = 0.314, P = 0.032, respectively) as well as negatively correlated with systolic pulmonary artery pressure (r = −0.328, P = 0.021).

Conclusion:
Our data indicate that pPTT might be a convenient method for early prediction of pulmonary dysfunction among COVID-19 survivors.
Association between Right Ventricle–Pulmonary Artery Coupling with In-Hospital Outcome after Triple Valve Surgery in Rheumatic Heart Disease
Authors: Soesanto Amiliana Mardiani , Hendiperdana Mochamad Rizky , Zahara Rita , Tjubandi Amin , Juzar Dafsah , Iryuza Nanda , Siagian Sisca Natalia 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Triple valve surgery (TVS) is a relatively higher in-hospital mortality rate than any isolated valve surgery. In advanced-stage valvular heart disease, maladaptation may occur, creating RV-PA uncoupling. Aims To evaluate whether RV-PA coupling is associated with the in-hospital outcome of patients after TVS.

Settings and Design:
From the medical records, clinical and echocardiography data were collected and compared between the survived and patients with in-hospital mortality groups.

Methods and Material:
Patients with the rheumatic multivalvular disease who underwent triple valve surgery were included in the study. Statistical and analysis used Uni and bivariate analysis assessed any association between the RV-PA coupling using TAPSE/PASP and other clinical variables with the in-hospital mortality post TVS.

Result:
From 269 patients, the in-hospital mortality rate was 10 %. The median value of TAPSE/PASP ratio in all group is 0.41 (0.02-5.79). Impaired RV-PA coupling which value < 0.36 occurs in 38.3 % population. By multivariate analysis, independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were TAPSE/PASP < 0.36 (OR 3.46, 95 % CI 1.21 – 9.89; P 0.02), age (OR 1.04, 95 % CI 1.003-1.094; P 0.035), CPB duration, (OR 1.01, 95 % CI 1.003-1.017; P 0.005).

Conclusion:
RV-PA uncoupling assessed by TAPSE / PASP ratio < 0.36 is associated with the in-hospital mortality in patients post triple valve surgery. Other factors associated with the outcome were older age and longer CPB machine duration.
Laparoscopic management of colovesical fistula in different clinical scenarios
Authors: Campobasso Davide , Zizzo Maurizio , Biolchini Federico , Castro-Ruiz Carolina , Frattini Antonio , Giunta Alessandro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Colovesical fistula (CVF) is a condition with various aetiologies and presentations. Surgical treatment is necessary in most cases. Due to its complexity, open approach is preferred. However, laparoscopic approach is reported in the management of CVF due to diverticular disease. The aim of this study was to analyse the management and outcome of patients with CVF of different aetiologies treated with laparoscopic approach.

Patients and Methods:
This was a retrospective study. We retrospectively reviewed all patients undergoing elective laparoscopic management of CVF from March 2015 to December 2019.

Statistical Analysis Used:
None.

Results:
Nine patients underwent laparoscopic management of CVF. There were no intraoperative complications or conversions to open surgery. A sigmoidectomy was performed in eight cases. In one patient, a fistulectomy with sigmoid and bladder defect closure was performed. In two cases of locally advanced colorectal cancer with bladder invasion, a multi-stage procedure with temporary colostomy was chosen. In three cases, with no intraoperative leakage, we did not perform bladder suture. Four Clavien I–II complications were recorded. Two fragile patients died in the post-operative period. No patients required re-operation. At a median follow-up of 21 months (interquartile range: 6–47), none of the patients had recurrence of fistula.

Conclusions:
CVF can be managed with laparoscopic approach by skilled laparoscopic surgeons in different clinical scenarios. Bladder suture is not necessary if leakage is absent. Informed counselling to the patient must be guaranteed concerning the risk of major complications and mortality in case of CVF due to malignant disease.
Binucleate Cells in Cytosmears
Authors: Priyadharshini Gayathri , Phansalkar Manjiri , Ambroise Moses , Ramdas Anita 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Although the classic Reed-Sternberg (RS) cell is considered a diagnostic of Hodgkin's disease, RS-like cells have been noted in various benign and malignant conditions. The presence of these cells can be a diagnostic challenge.

Aims:
Our aim was to see if cells morphologically resembling or identical to RS cells occur in conditions other than Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and what proportion of cases show binucleate cells in various benign and malignant conditions. We also want to discuss the diagnostic utility of cytomorphological features in predicting HL.

Material and Methods:
This study is a retrospective analysis of 2086 cytology cases. The cytosmears were screened for the presence of binucleate cells. A detailed cytomorphological analysis of cytosmears with binucleate cells was performed, and the diagnostic utility of cytomorphological criteria in delineating HL was examined.

Results:
Out of 2086 smears, 55 (2.6%) cytosmears showed binucleated RS/RS-like cells. Out of these 55 cases, 6 were HL, 3 cases were non-HL (NHL), 3 were sarcoma, 32 were carcinoma, and 11 were benign/inflammatory lesions. The presence of prominent eosinophilic nucleoli, granulomas, and eosinophils had good sensitivity and specificity in predicting the diagnosis of HL.

Conclusion:
A detailed cytomorphological analysis is of limited value in categorizing the RS and RS-like cells. However, few cytomorphological features such as prominent eosinophilic nucleoli, eosinophils, granulomas, and lack of clustering of atypical cells can help us in predicting HL.
Application of Indian Academy of Cytologists Guidelines for Reporting Serous Effusions
Authors: Kundu Reetu , Srinivasan Radhika , Dey Pranab , Gupta Nalini , Gupta Parikshaa , Rohilla Manish , Gupta Shruti , Bal Amanjit , Rajwanshi Arvind 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Recently, the Indian Academy of Cytologists (IAC) has published the guidelines for interpretation and reporting of serous effusions. Till date, there are no studies on its applicability.

Aims:
The present study was carried out to assess the feasibility of applying the IAC reporting categories to effusions, determine the frequency, and provide an estimate of the risk of malignancy (ROM) for individual diagnostic categories.

Materials and Methods:
All cases of serous effusion fluids reported in the year 2019 were retrieved from the archives and reassigned as per the IAC diagnostic categories. The clinical and histopathological follow-up information was obtained wherever possible.

Results:
A total of 1340 effusion samples were received from 1085 patients. There were 561 (51.7%) males and 524 (48.3%) females. Majority were pleural (1066, 79.5%), followed by peritoneal (187, 14%) and pericardial (87, 6.5%) effusions. The age ranged from 7 months to 92 years. There were 35 (2.6%) samples in category 1 (non-diagnostic), 954 (71.2%) in category 2 (benign), 17 (1.3%) in category 3 (atypical), 59 (4.4%) in category 4 (suspicious for malignancy) and 275 (20.5%) in category 5 (malignant). The estimated ROM in serous effusion samples was 20% for category 1, 16.7% for category 2, 50% for category 3, 94.4% for category 4 and 100% for category 5.

Conclusions:
The categorization of serous effusion cytology samples as per the IAC diagnostic categories and as per the reporting format developed by the IAC is feasible and the management recommendations are mostly appropriate.
Efficacy and Validity of Image-Guided Percutaneous Fine Needle Aspiration and Core Biopsy of Liver Pathologies
Authors: Rai Santosh Phajir Vishwanath , Kumar Vinay KM , Basavaiah Sridevi Hanaganahalli , Sreeram Saraswathy , Gopal Sandeep , Tantry Bailuru Vishwanath 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Radiology and pathology are pivotal tools in the investigational artillery for management of wide spectrum of hepatic lesions and early detection is of a paramount importance.

Aims:
The study aimed at analyzing the efficacy, comparative yield and validity of image-guided aspiration cytology (FNA)/core biopsy (CB) in focal hepatic lesions.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted in departments of Pathology and Radiology and Imaging of a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
Cases of focal hepatic lesions that underwent percutaneous image guided-FNA reported (2011-2018) were analyzed. Cytological-histopathological correlation was performed where available. FNA diagnoses were divided into four categories-positive for malignancy (group 1), atypical (group 2), negative for malignancy (group 3), and non-diagnostic (group 4).

Statistical Analysis Used:
Categorical data was depicted in the form of frequencies and proportions. Validity of percutaneous image-guided FNA diagnosis was collated with the final diagnosis and results were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 338 FNA of focal hepatic lesions were reported in which 217 (68.2%) cases in group 1; 21 (6.2%) in group 2; 58 (17.2%) in group 3 and 42 (12.4%) in group 4. CB correlation was available in 123 cases. Based on clinical, radiological and pathological findings, conclusive final diagnoses were obtained and the cases were regrouped [malignant cases-245, benign lesions-57 and uncertain lesions-36]. Metastasis was the most common malignancy (175/245; 71.4%). Sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic accuracy of FNA to categorize the lesion as benign or malignant were 96.94%, 100% and 97.51%, respectively. However, the cytology-histopathology correlation revealed discordance of subtyping the lesion in 20% of cases and sensitivity and specificity reduced to 80% and 50% respectively in rendering the specific diagnosis.

Conclusions:
Percutaneous image-guided FNA is a sensitive and specific tool with high diagnostic accuracy in evaluating focal hepatic lesions. The study highlights the pre-eminence of interventional radiology and cytology in the care of patients with liver lesions.
Mental Health Evaluation and Assistance for Visually Impaired People
Authors: Pandey Kavita , Pandey Dhiraj 
Published: April 2023

Earlier, three-person out of every 10 persons had been suffering from mental health issues but nowadays this situation became worsened due to the pandemic. The number of individuals suffering from mental health has been increasing day by day. One of the WHO reports states that 3.8% of the population has been affected due to depression. Although such an important issue in human health, still it is one of the neglected health sectors around the world. This situation is more worsened among special need people as they feel more anxiety disorders and loneliness in comparison to their sighted peers. Technology is helping us to solve several such problems which are difficult to discuss with peers and worsen over time if not taken preventively on time. In this article, a technological solution using facial expression and voice-based assistance has been used. This would especially help in monitoring the mood of visually challenged people. Their mental health can be monitored and assistance would be provided as per the severity of the situation. Mental health is analyzed based on emotion recognition from facial expressions and psychometric evaluations. A health score would be calculated which is used to judge the severity of mental health. An assessment report would also be generated and sent to the guardian of the user. The whole application is designed with a voice assistance platform using Dart (Flutter) and firebase as storage for all interactions with the visually challenged person.
Impact of Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration on Resilience and Welfare in Mali
Authors: Nkonya Ephraim , Kato Edward , Kabore Carolyn 
Published: April 2023

Climate change, poverty, and low environmental education have contributed to increasing vulnerability of poor farmers in Mali. This study was done to determine the impact of low-cost adaptation strategies on resilience and welfare. We analyzed the impact of a World Vision project which promoted climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices in Mali from 2016-2019. We identified the impact using a two-stage weighted regression (2SWR). Results show that the World Vision Project significantly increased the adoption of Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) practice and eventually crop yield. These intermediate impacts were translated into a significant reduction in food and nutrition insecurity and an increase in household income. The impacts of the project on child health were especially greater for farmers who participated in the project for a longer time. However, the project did not have a significant impact on the adoption of a combination of CSA practices – which could have enhanced the effectiveness of the FMNR practice. The results suggest the need for future interventions to emphasize the promotion of complementary CSA practices, which significantly increases returns to farmer investments.

Received: 30 January 2023 | Revised: 11 April 2023 | Accepted: 20 April 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing not applicable – no new data generated.
Comparing BERT Against Traditional Machine Learning Models in Text Classification
Authors: Garrido-Merchan Eduardo C. , Gozalo-Brizuela Roberto , Gonzalez-Carvajal Santiago 
Published: April 2023

The BERT model has arisen as a popular state-of-the-art model in recent years. It is able to cope with NLP tasks such as supervised text classification without human supervision. Its flexibility to cope with any corpus delivering great results has make this approach very popular in academia and industry. Although, other approaches have been used before successfully. We first present BERT and a review on classical NLP approaches. Then, we empirically test with a suite of different scenarios the behaviour of BERT against traditional TF-IDF vocabulary fed to machine learning models. The purpose of this work is adding empirical evidence to support the use of BERT as a default on NLP tasks. Experiments show the superiority of BERT and its independence of features of the NLP problem such as the language of the text adding empirical evidence to use BERT as a default technique in NLP problems.

Received: 10 March 2023 | Revised: 4 April 2023 | Accepted: 20 April 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
Influencia de la normativa INEN e ISO en las empresas del sector comercial de la provincia de Cotopaxi
Authors: Mejía-Sulca Solange , Pulido-Cajamarca Sandy , Caicedo-Atiaga Francisco 
Published: April 2023

Alcanzar un modelo de calidad en las empresas del sector comercial ha generado controversias en lo que se refiere a la Influencia de la normativa INEN e ISO en las empresas del sector comercial de la provincia de Cotopaxi, cómo implementarlo y si puede llegar a tener incidencia respecto a su rentabilidad, debido a que deben pasar por un proceso de certificación. El fin de este artículo es cuestionar si las empresas conocen los beneficios de aplicar una normativa interna o externa. Para lo cual se presenta consideraciones teóricas sobre el Servicio Ecuatoriano de Normalización (INEN), la Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO) y la Estructura del Sistema Financiero Ecuatoriano. La metodología que se uso fue de enfoque mixto, tanto cuantitativo y cualitativo. En la que se determinó que no hacen uso de las normativas internacionales por diferentes causas como: la falta de cultura de calidad, poca información que tiene la población en general de estas certificaciones, la implementación de departamentos de calidad, el personal adecuado que deben tener para manejar estos departamentos, los costos representativos que tiene el implementar una normativa internacional como lo son las ISO en las empresas del sector y también por el poco impacto que genera en la rentabilidad el adquirirlas.
Effects of the terdiurnal tide on the sporadic E (Es) layer development at low latitudes over the Brazilian sector
Authors: Fontes Pedro Alves , Muella Marcio Tadeu de Assis Honorato , Resende Laysa Cristina Araújo , Andrioli Vânia Fátima , Fagundes Paulo Roberto , Pillat Valdir Gil , Batista Paulo Prado , Carrasco Alexander Jose 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Sporadic E (Es) layers are patches of high ionization observed at
around 100–140 km height in the E region. Their formation at low latitudes
is primarily associated with the diurnal and semidiurnal components of the
tidal winds via the ion convergence driven by the wind shear mechanism.
However, recent studies have shown the influence of other tidal modes, such
as the terdiurnal tide. Therefore, this work investigates the effect of
terdiurnal tide-like oscillations on the occurrence and formation of the Es layers
observed over Palmas (10.17∘ S, 48.33∘ W; dip lat.
−7.31∘), a low-latitude station in Brazil. The analysis was
conducted from December 2008 to November 2009 by using data collected from
CADI (Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde). Additionally, the E
Region Ionospheric Model (MIRE) was used to simulate the terdiurnal tidal
component in the Es layer development. The results show modulations of 8 h
periods on the occurrence rates of the Es layers during all seasonal periods.
In general, we see three well-defined peaks in a superimposed summation of
the Es layer types per hour in summer and autumn. We also observed that the
amplitude modulation of the terdiurnal tide on the Es occurrence rates
minimizes in December in comparison to the other months of the summer
season. Other relevant aspects of the observations, with complementary
statistical and periodogram analysis, are highlighted and discussed.
Improving trajectory calculations by FLEXPART 10.4+ using single-image super-resolution
Authors: Brecht Rüdiger , Bakels Lucie , Bihlo Alex , Stohl Andreas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Lagrangian trajectory or particle dispersion models as well as semi-Lagrangian advection schemes require meteorological data such as wind, temperature and geopotential at the exact spatiotemporal locations of the particles that move independently from a regular grid. Traditionally, these high-resolution data have been obtained by interpolating the meteorological parameters from the gridded data of a meteorological model or reanalysis, e.g., using linear interpolation in space and time. However, interpolation is a large source of error for these models. Reducing them requires meteorological input fields with high space and time resolution, which may not always be available and can cause severe data storage and transfer problems. Here, we interpret this problem as a single-image super-resolution task. That is, we interpret meteorological fields available at their native resolution as low-resolution images and train deep neural networks to upscale them to a higher resolution, thereby providing more accurate data for Lagrangian models. We train various versions of the state-of-the-art enhanced deep residual networks for super-resolution (EDSR) on low-resolution ERA5 reanalysis data with the goal to upscale these data to an arbitrary spatial resolution. We show that the resulting upscaled wind fields have root-mean-squared errors half the size of the winds obtained with linear spatial interpolation at acceptable computational inference costs. In a test setup using the Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART and reduced-resolution wind fields, we find that absolute horizontal transport deviations of calculated trajectories from “true” trajectories calculated with un-degraded 0.5∘ × 0.5∘ winds are reduced by at least 49.5 % (21.8 %) after 48 h relative to trajectories using linear interpolation of the wind data when training on 2∘ × 2∘ to 1∘ × 1∘ (4∘ × 4∘ to 2∘ × 2∘) resolution data.
INCIDENCIA DE INFECCIONES DEL SITIO QUIRÚRGICO PROFUNDO EN PACIENTES INTERNADOS EN EL HOSPITAL ARCO IRIS LA PAZ, GESTIONES 2008 AL 2013
Authors: Maceda Alvarez Fernando , Fernández Peralta Marcel Otto 
Published: April 2023

Las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico son las más frecuentes en los pacientes operados, y en algunos hospitales son las de mayor incidencia entre las infecciones nosocomiales. Las mismas aumentan la morbimortalidad de los pacientes y los costos de atención. Su génesis es un proceso complejo en el que los factores ambientales del huésped, de la sala de operaciones, de la propia cirugía y de los microorganismos involucrados interactúan de tal forma que permiten su desarrollo.
El presente estudio fue retrospectivo y descriptivo, realizado en el Hospital Arco Iris La Paz, Bolivia. Se revisaron los datos epidemiológicos de infecciones intrahospitalarias del sitio operatorio desde el año 2008 al año 2013. El número total de casos de infecciones en el sitio quirúrgico, entre los años 2008 y 2013 con cultivos positivos fue de 24 casos.
Se reconocen aspectos importantes al momento de evitar las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, como la profilaxis antimicrobiana perioperatoria adecuada, vigilar la normotermia del paciente durante su internación en el hospital, la preparación adecuada de la piel y una buena técnica quirúrgica.
The Holy Abyss of the Absolute: Poe’s Critique of Schelling in “Morella” and “The Fall of the House of Usher”
Authors: Studniarz Sławomir 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article examines the impact of Schelling’s philosophy, especially his concept of the Absolute, on two of Poe’s tales: “Morella” and “The Fall of the House of Usher.” It begins with a focused overview of Schelling’s chief doctrines, in particular his famous system of identity, and because this system was forged under the influence of Spinoza’s monism, the revival of the Dutch philosopher’s ideas in post-Kantian German philosophy is also briefly discussed. The article expands on one of the outcomes of this philosophy at the turn of the nineteenth century, namely, the perceived deficiency of philosophical and scientific inquiry and the ensuing privileging of art. As has been recognized, this shift had a direct bearing on emerging Romantic aesthetics, and its emphasis on the symbol as a way of conveying the inexpressible, of revealing the conceptually ungraspable. Both the Romantic theory of the symbol and Schelling’s idea of the Absolute provide a conceptual framework for understanding the philosophical resonances of “Morella” and “The Fall of the House of Usher.”