bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Letter: 5‐aminosalicylate maintenance treatment in mild Crohn's disease
Authors: Chang Hui‐Chin , Gau Shuo‐Yan 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Atia et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17419 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17504.
Letter: diagnostic delay in inflammatory bowel disease—Authors' reply
Authors: Pollok Richard C. , Baillie Samantha , Jayasooriya Nishani , Blackwell Jonathan , Petersen Irene , Bottle Alex , Saxena Sonia ,   POP‐IBD Study Group
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jayasooriya et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17370 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17483.
Editorial: faecal incontinence is prevalent in IBS, as are effective treatment options! Authors' reply
Authors: Goodoory Vivek C. , Ng Cho Ee , Black Christopher J. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Goodoory et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17465 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17486.
Egg freezing, genetic relatedness, and motherhood: A binational empirical bioethical investigation of women's views
Authors: Pérez‐Hernández Yolinliztli , De Proost Michiel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGenetic relatedness figures heavily in contemporary ethical debates on egg freezing, although the arguments lack empirical‐based evidence. Rather than adding another theoretical view on the moral relevance of genetic connections, this paper instead proposes an empirically grounded perspective based on two independent qualitative interview‐based studies conducted in Belgium and France. Three themes emerge from our empirical data: (1) prioritizing family building; (2) centering the gestational experience of motherhood; and (3) identifying the complexities and limitations of adoption. These themes suggest that the relationship between egg freezing, genetics, biological motherhood, and adoption is highly complex and less straightforward than what is often assumed in the egg freezing debate. Our study provides more detailed insights into women's ambivalent experiences regarding those reproductive options. We discuss the ethical implications of our empirical findings and hold that pursuing genetic desire is not necessarily the main moral reason why women freeze their eggs.
Beyond “patient‐provider race matching.” Black midwives clarify a vision for race‐concordant care to achieve equity in Black perinatal health: A commentary on “Do Black birthing persons prefer a Black health care provider during birth? Race concordance in birth”
Authors: Jeffers Noelene K. , Canty Lucinda , Drew Michelle , Grayson Nikia , Amani Jamarah , Marcelle Ebony , Amore Alexis Dunn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRacial concordance has been identified as a potential strategy to improve the perinatal health of Black women and birthing people by mitigating implicit bias and improving mutual trust, healthy communication, and satisfaction. In a recent article published in BIRTH: Issues in Perinatal Care, Bogdan‐Lovis et al. surveyed 200 Black women to determine whether they possessed a race and gender practitioner preference for their birth practitioner and examined whether race and gender concordance was associated with greater birth satisfaction and perceived respect, trust, practitioner competence, empathy, and use of inclusive communication. In this commentary, written by a group of Black midwives, we respond to the study and offer a vision for race‐concordant care that encompasses cultural safety provided in a community‐based setting.
COVID‐19 infection in patients with haematological malignancies: A single‐centre survey in the latest Omicron wave in China
Authors: Zhu Xiaolu , Jiang Qian , Lu Jin , Sun Yuqian , Zhao Xiaosu , Yang Shenmiao , Tang Feifei , Yu Wenjing , Zhao Ting , Liu Xiaohong , Jia Jinsong , Duan Wenbing , Hu Lijuan , Wang Jing , Liu Yang , Peng Nan , Dou Xuelin , Ma Rui , Fu Qiang , Wang Huifang , Liu Kaiyan , Huang Xiaojun , Jiang Hao 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAs the COVID‐19 variant Omicron surge in Beijing, China, a better understanding of risk factors for adverse outcomes may improve clinical management in patients with haematological malignancies (HM) diagnosed with COVID‐19. The study sample includes 412 cases, mainly represented by acute leukaemia, chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), plasma cell disorders and lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. COVID‐19 pneumonia was observed in 10.4% (43/412) of patients, and severe/critical illness was observed in 5.3% (22/412). Among the 86 cases with advanced malignancies, 17.6% (12/86) of patients developed severe/critical COVID‐19, which was significantly higher than reported in patients with stable malignancies (9/326, 2.70%, p < 0.001). Similarly, the advanced malignancy cohort had a higher mortality rate (9/86, 10.5% vs. 0/326, 0%, p < 0.001) and a poor 30‐day overall survival (OS) compared with the stable malignancy cohort (74.2% vs. 100.0%, p < 0.0001). Overall, nine patients (2.2%) died. The primary cause of death was progressive HM in four patients and a combination of both COVID‐19 and HM in five patients. In the multivariable analysis, over 65 years of age, comorbidities and advanced malignancy were correlated with severe/critical COVID‐19 in HM patients. This study sheds light on the poor outcomes among COVID‐19 HM patients with the leading cause of advanced malignancy.
RNASEH2C c.194G>A is a Chinese‐specific founder mutation in three unrelated patients with Aicardi‐Goutières syndrome 3
Authors: Wang Qingming , Han Ye , Zhou Xinlong , Cheng ShuangXi , Wang Xin , Chen Xiaoli , Yuan Haiming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiallelic pathogenic variants in RNASEH2C cause Aicardi‐Goutières syndrome 3 (AGS3, MIM #610329), a rare early‐onset encephalopathy characterized by intermittent unexplained fever, chilblains, irritability, progressive microcephaly, dystonia, spasticity, severe psychomotor retardation and abnormal brain imaging. Currently, approximately 50 individuals with AGS3 and 19 variants in RNASEH2C have been revealed. Here, we reported the novel clinical manifestations and genotypic information of three unrelated Chinese patients with AGS3 caused by pathogenic variants in RNASEH2C. In addition to three novel missense variants (c.101G>A, p.Cys34Tyr; c.401T>A, p.Leu134Gln and c.434G>T, p.Arg145Leu), one missense variant (c.194G>A, p.Gly65Asp) reoccurred in all patients but was completely absent in South Asian and other ethnicities. Our study expanded the variant spectrum of RNASEH2C and identified RNASEH2C c.194G>A as a Chinese‐specific founder mutation. The novel phenotypes, including mouth ulcers, hip dysplasia, retarded dentition and hypogonadism, observed in our patients greatly enriched the clinical characteristics of AGS3.
Advances in research on immune escape mechanism of glioma
Authors: Guo Xu , Wang Gang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlioma is the most common primary intracranial malignancy in clinical practice, and in particular, IDH‐wildtype glioblastoma has the worst prognosis. In recent years, surgical resection combined with simultaneous radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors has made some progress, but the efficacy is still not satisfactory, which may be related to the low immunogenicity of glioma cells and the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment.MethodsA comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted to explore the mechanisms by which tumors suppress antitumor immune responses and produce escape, with a focus on the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME).ResultsThe mechanisms involved in immune evasion of glioma cells are complex and involve with immune cell differentiation and function.ConclusionOur review emphasizes the need for a more profound comprehension of the mechanisms involved in immune response and immune evasion in glioma, to formulate more efficacious treatment modalities.
Common fragrance chemicals activate dendritic cells in coculture with keratinocytes
Authors: Peter Niklas , Lichter Jutta , Hagvall Lina , Bock Udo , Blömeke Brunhilde 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundFragrances are important contact allergens; however, investigation of their skin sensitization potency has been challenging in new approach methods (NAMs). Many fragrance chemicals are susceptible to autoxidation or can be metabolized by enzymes constitutively expressed in skin keratinocytes. Strong sensitizers can be formed in both of these processes. Further, keratinocytes can modulate the dendritic cell (DC) activation and maturation potential, a key event in the acquisition of contact allergy.ObjectivesTo evaluate the 2D coculture model consisting of keratinocytes and DCs using different weak to moderate sensitizing fragrance chemicals. Further, to investigate fragrances and related oxidation products in the in vitro model and compare to in vivo data.MethodsChemicals were tested in the coculture activation test (COCAT), consisting of HaCaT keratinocytes and THP‐1 cells. THP‐1 cell surface expression of costimulatory and adhesion molecules (CD86 and CD54) collected after 24 h incubation with the chemicals was analysed using flow cytometry.ResultsTwenty‐four molecules were tested positive, three were negative (n = 27). Four pairs were evaluated, with aldehydes showing a 6‐ to 13‐fold stronger responses compared to their corresponding alcohols.ConclusionsResults provide insight into the activation of DC in their natural environment of keratinocytes. α,β‐Unsaturated alcohols were classified as weaker sensitizers compared to their corresponding aldehydes. In sum, testing of fragrances retrieved results in good agreement with in vivo data.
Baffled‐flow culture system enables the mass production of megakaryocytes from human embryonic stem cells by enhancing mitochondrial function
Authors: Wu Xumin , Zhang Bowen , Chen Keyi , Zhao Jiahui , Li Yunxing , Li Jisheng , Liu Chuanli , He Lijuan , Fan Tao , Wang Chao , Li Yan , Pei Xuetao , Li Yanhua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHuman embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have become an ideal cell source for the ex vivo generation of megakaryocyte (MK) and platelet products for clinical applications. However, an ongoing challenge is to establish scalable culture systems to maximize the yield of stem cell‐derived MKs that release platelets. We defined a specific dynamic 3D manufacturing system in a baffled‐flow manner that could remarkably facilitate megakaryopoiesis and increase the yield of platelet‐producing MKs from hESCs within a 12‐day induction period. Additionally, an increased number of >16N ploidy MKs, proplatelets, and platelets were generated from induced cells harvested on Day 12 using the specific dynamic culture method. The specific dynamic culture method significantly enhanced endothelium‐to‐haematopoietic transition and early haematopoiesis. More importantly, MK fate was significantly facilitated in a specific dynamic manner during early haematopoiesis. Mechanistically, this dynamic culture significantly enhanced mitochondrial function via the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and caused differentiation skewing of hESCs toward megakaryopoiesis. This study can aid in the automatic and scalable production of MKs from stem cells using baffled‐flow bioreactors and assist in the manufacturing of hESC‐derived MK and platelet products.
Paradox and discovery: Iris Murdoch, John Wisdom, and the practice of linguistic philosophy
Authors: Jamieson Lesley 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article argues that Iris Murdoch, who was supervised by John Wisdom during her 1947–48 fellowship at Newnham College Cambridge, went on to practice philosophy in a recognizably Wisdomian manner in her earliest paper, “Thinking and Language” (1951). To do so, I first describe how Wisdom understood philosophical perplexity and paradox. One task that linguistic philosophers should take up is to investigate the concrete cases that give paradoxical philosophical statements their sense and to sift the truth they contain from the distortion. I then show how this vision informed his critical reception of Gilbert Ryle's The Concept of Mind as well as his own investigation of the Hidden Stream Paradox. Finally, I trace a similar approach to Murdoch's discussions of a paradox I call the Coarse Net Paradox. Recognizing Murdoch's intellectual inheritance from Wisdom enables us to see a thus‐far overlooked connection between Murdoch and the tradition of linguistic philosophy.
Nanoplastics alter ecosystem multifunctionality and may increase global warming potential
Authors: Zhou Yanfei , He Gang , Bhagwat Geetika , Palanisami Thava , Yang Yuyi , Liu Wenzhi , Zhang Quanfa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough the presence of nanoplastics in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems has received increasing attention, little is known about its potential effect on ecosystem processes and functions. Here, we evaluated if differentially charged polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics (PS‐NH2 and PS‐SO3H) exhibit distinct influences on microbial community structure, nitrogen removal processes (denitrification and anammox), emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O), and ecosystem multifunctionality in soils with and without earthworms through a 42‐day microcosm experiment. Our results indicated that nanoplastics significantly altered soil microbial community structure and potential functions, with more pronounced effects for positively charged PS‐NH2 than for negatively charged PS‐SO3H. Ecologically relevant concentration (3 g kg−1) of nanoplastics inhibited both soil denitrification and anammox rates, while environmentally realistic concentration (0.3 g kg−1) of nanoplastics decreased the denitrification rate and enhanced the anammox rate. The soil N2O flux was always inhibited 6%–51% by both types of nanoplastics, whereas emissions of CO2 and CH4 were enhanced by nanoplastics in most cases. Significantly, although N2O emissions were decreased by nanoplastics, the global warming potential of total greenhouse gases was increased 21%–75% by nanoplastics in soils without earthworms. Moreover, ecosystem multifunctionality was increased 4%–12% by 0.3 g kg−1 of nanoplastics but decreased 4%–11% by 3 g kg−1 of nanoplastics. Our findings provide the only evidence to date that the rapid increase in nanoplastics is altering not only ecosystem structure and processes but also ecosystem multifunctionality, and it may increase the emission of CO2 and CH4 and their global warming potential to some extent.
PrEP for women in Europe: a systematic literature review
Authors: Fitzgerald Naomi , Coltart Holly , Dominguez Lourdes , Flanagan Kate , Gilleece Yvonne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevention of HIV transmission is fundamental to ending the HIV epidemic. Pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with oral tenofovir‐emtricitabine (TDF‐FTC) is an established HIV‐prevention method; however, most PrEP services in Europe have been targeted at men who have sex with men (MSM). A survey in 2021 by Women Against Viruses in Europe (WAVE) showed considerable variation in PrEP access and guidance for women throughout Europe. WAVE therefore commissioned this systematic review to provide insight into PrEP provision and barriers to uptake for women in Europe.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched for studies (January 2013–May 2021) that reported on actual (e.g., efficacy and safety) or hypothetical (e.g., awareness, barriers, PrEP impact models) use of oral PrEP involving women (including cis, transgender, pregnant, migrant, and breastfeeding women). Search terms included HIV, pre‐exposure prophylaxis (specifically TDF‐FTC), and women. Studies performed outside of the World Health Organization European region were excluded.ResultsThe search identified 4716 unique citations, and 45 peer‐reviewed articles (44 studies) were included. The majority of these studies (34/44 [77%]) included recipients or potential recipients of PrEP, representing 4699 women (243 transgender women). However, few studies were women focused (4/34 [12%]) or took place outside of Western Europe (3/34 [9%]). Across the three clinical studies that reported women‐specific outcomes (60 transgender women, 13 pregnant, and 19 cis women), no breakthrough infections were recorded during the use of PrEP. Lack of awareness of PrEP, low self‐estimation of HIV acquisition risk, concerns about stigma, lack of protection against other sexually transmitted infections, and PrEP interaction with hormones (for transgender women) were identified as barriers to use. The remaining studies examined healthcare professionals' perceptions of PrEP (9/44 [20%]), asked for public opinion (2/44 [5%]), or modelled the potential of PrEP for HIV prevention (1/44 [2%]).ConclusionsThis review revealed a notable lack of literature on PrEP for cis and transgender women in Europe. This is synonymous with a lack of PrEP provision for women in this region. Barriers to PrEP uptake are complex and rooted in institutional and societal stigma, which must be addressed at policy level. HIV prevention with PrEP is not ‘one size fits all’ and requires a nuanced gender‐responsive approach. Further research into the use of PrEP in cis, pregnant, breastfeeding, and transgender women is essential if we are to stop HIV transmission by 2030.
The propositive study: Immunogenicity and safety of a four‐component recombinant protein‐based vaccine against MenB and a quadrivalent conjugate MenACWY vaccine in people living with HIV
Authors: Isitt Catherine , Bartolf Angela , Andrews Nick , Athaide Shehnaz , Pryce‐Williams Richard , Townsend‐Payne Kelly , Borrow Ray , Ladhani Shamez , Heath Paul T. , Cosgrove Catherine A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with HIV have been shown to have an increased risk of invasive meningococcal disease. In some countries, meningococcal vaccines are now routinely recommended to all people living with HIV, but no study has yet assessed the immunogenicity and safety of a meningococcal serogroup B vaccine or the co‐administration of a MenB and MenACWY vaccine in people living with HIV.MethodsThis phase IV open‐label clinical trial investigated the immunogenicity and safety of two doses of a four‐component recombinant protein‐based MenB vaccine (4CMenB) and a quadrivalent conjugate polysaccharide MenACWY vaccine (MenACWY‐CRM197) given 1 month apart in a population of people living with HIV. Immunogenicity analysis was performed before vaccination and 1 month after the second doses of 4CMenB and MenACWY. Primary outcome measures were serum bactericidal assay geometric mean titres against three MenB reference strains at baseline and 1 month post vaccination, the proportion of participants achieving a putative protective titre of ≥4, and the proportion of participants with a ≥4‐fold rise in titre from baseline. Secondary outcome measures were serum bactericidal assay geometric mean titres against MenA, C, W, and Y reference strains at baseline and 1 month post vaccination, the proportion achieving a putative protective titre of ≥8, and the proportion with a ≥4‐fold rise in titre from baseline. Safety outcomes were solicited and unsolicited adverse events in the 7 days following vaccination. The trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03682939).FindingsIn total, 55 participants aged 20–45 years were enrolled. All participants (100%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 93–100) achieved putative protective titres for two of the three MenB strains and for MenA, W, and Y. A total of 98% (95% CI 89–100) achieved a protective titre for the third MenB strain and 94% (95% CI 83–99) for MenC. No serious adverse events were reported.Interpretation4CMenB and MenACWY were immunogenic and well‐tolerated in a population of people living with HIV 1 month after two doses.
Patient's experiences of dental implants, peri‐implantitis and its treatment‐A qualitative interview study
Authors: Malmqvist Sebastian , Erdenborg Jonas , Johannsen Gunnar , Johannsen Annsofi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to explore peri‐implantitis patients' sensations, expectations, and experiences of dental implants, the disease, as well as undergoing treatment with laser or mucosal flap surgery.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 18 patients who had been referred for treatment of peri‐implantitis at a specialist clinic. The participants underwent either laser treatment or mucosal flap surgery of affected implants. Qualitative content analysis was used for processing the transcribed interviews with coding in categories and subcategories.ResultsThe analysis of the interviews was presented in a narrative way to display the variety of experiences in this patient group. Losing teeth was perceived as frustrating and negatively impacted their quality of life; however, receiving dental implants improved some aspects of the patients' lives. While some have symptoms, others did not seem to notice the incidence and development of peri‐implantitis. Local anaesthesia was the worst part of both treatments and both modalities yielded only minor discomforts.ConclusionThere were a variety of positive and negative sensations and experiences perceived by patients with dental implants as a consequence of peri‐implantitis, including a negative impact on quality of life. These findings emphasize the importance of thoroughly informing the potential and established dental implant patients of the risk of developing disease and its impact. The treatment of peri‐implantitis created in general only slight discomfort for the patient.
RGS10 negatively regulates apical periodontitis via TFEB‐mediated autophagy in BABL/c mice model and in vitro
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Yue Yuan , Chan Weicheng , Wei Wei , Liu Xinran , Wang Min , Li Jinle , Hao Liang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimApical periodontitis is a prevalent oral inflammatory disease that has recently been linked to transcription factor EB (TFEB)‐mediated autophagy. Regulator of G‐protein signalling 10 (RGS10) is reported to be an effective regulator of the immune system and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of RGS10 during the development of apical periodontitis through the TFEB‐mediated autophagy signalling pathway.MethodologySixty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups of 15 mice for the in vivo experiment. Rgs10 was locally overexpressed through eight injections of an adeno‐associated virus vector. The model of apical periodontitis was established 21 days following pulp exposure, and the mice were euthanized to obtain mandibles for analysis. Micro‐computed tomography was employed to assess alveolar bone destruction, and the levels of Rgs10, TFEB‐mediated autophagy signalling factors and inflammatory factors were measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions, western blotting, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. All experimental results were displayed as images or graphs. For the in vitro experiments, we employed small interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence Rgs10 expression in RAW 264.7 cells. The data were analysed via one‐way anova or Mann–Whitney U test/Kruskal–Wallis test of variance, where p < .05 or U > 1.96 was considered statistically significant.ResultsLocal overexpression of Rgs10 reduced alveolar bone destruction within the apical periodontitis lesion and significantly decreased macrophage infiltration (p < .05). Meanwhile, the expression of TFEB‐mediated autophagy signalling factors was upregulated, along with a decrease in inflammatory factor expression (p < .05). Lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells exhibited decreased Rgs10 expression and TFEB‐mediated autophagy signalling. siRNA‐mediated silencing of Rgs10 further suppressed autophagy and concomitantly upregulated inflammatory factors (p < .05).ConclusionsCollectively, the findings revealed that RGS10 suppresses the inflammatory response and bone destruction through TFEB‐mediated autophagy in apical periodontitis.