bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coconut Coir derived Nanocellulose as an Efficient Adsorbent for Removal of Cationic Dye Safranine -O: A detailed Mechanistic Adsorption Study
Authors: Jakka Venkatalakshmi , Goswami Anandarup , Nallajarla Anil Kumar , Roy Uttariya , Srika Koigoora , Sengupta Shubhalakshmi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Coconut (cocos mucifera) coir is an abundant agricultural waste prevalent worldwide. Utilization of this waste has been carried out in this study by obtaining nanocellulose (NC) fibres for waste water remediation purposes. Nanocellulose was obtained from coconut coir using bleaching, acid-alkali treatments followed by ultrasonication and lyophilization. The structural, compositional, surface and thermal properties of the synthesized material were identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 adsorption/desorption, differential thermal (DT) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) analyses. These analyses confirmed the synthesized NC with enhanced thermal stability and porosity which was further used for adsorption process. After synthesis, NC was used for the removal of cationic dye Safranin-O from water under ambient conditions through batch adsorption studies. The batch adsorption studies revealed that at 10 ppm of dye concentration, above 99% removal was achieved by 100 mg dosage of NC within 4.5 h at room temperature with qe value of around 83 mg. g-1. The corresponding adsorption process fitted well fitted with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetics. The modes of adsorption from the thermodynamic studies were found to be chemisorption. Optimization of The adsorption process was achieved through response surface methodology (RSM) study which revealed that at optimized conditions of temperature 35°C with a dose of 137.50 mg and contact time of 180 mins, above 99% of dye (conc. 0.01mg/mL) was removed. The present comprehensive study revealed that a greener eco-friendly synthesis of nanocellulose from waste material coconut coir was an effective nanoadsorbent for dye removal having high efficacy. This surely opens up opportunities to develop sustainable protocols for efficient environmental remediation.
Insights from rare variants into the genetic architecture and biology of youth-onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kwak Soo Heon , Sriniva Shylaja , Chen Ling , Todd Jennifer , Mercader Josep , Jensen Elizabeth , Divers Jasmin , Mottl Amy , Pihoker Catherine , Gandica Rachelle , Laffel Lori , Isganaitis Elvira , Haymond Morey , Levitsky Lynne , Pollin Toni , Florez Jose , Flannick Jason 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing public health concern. Its genetic basis and relationship to other forms of diabetes are largely unknown. To gain insight into the genetic architecture and biology of youth-onset T2D, we analyzed exome sequences of 3,005 youth-onset T2D cases and 9,777 ancestry matched adult controls. We identified (a) monogenic diabetes variants in 2.1% of individuals; (b) two exome-wide significant (P < 4.3×10-7) common coding variant associations (in WFS1 and SLC30A8); (c) three exome-wide significant (P < 2.5×10-6) rare variant gene-level associations (HNF1A, MC4R, ATX2NL); and (d) rare variant association enrichments within 25 gene sets broadly related to obesity, monogenic diabetes, and β-cell function. Many association signals were shared between youth-onset and adult-onset T2D but had larger effects for youth-onset T2D risk (1.18-fold increase for common variants and 2.86-fold increase for rare variants). Both common and rare variant associations contributed more to youth-onset T2D liability variance than they did to adult-onset T2D, but the relative increase was larger for rare variant associations (5.0-fold) than for common variant associations (3.4-fold). Youth-onset T2D cases showed phenotypic differences depending on whether their genetic risk was driven by common variants (primarily related to insulin resistance) or rare variants (primarily related to β-cell dysfunction). These data paint a picture of youth-onset T2D as a disease genetically similar to both monogenic diabetes and adult-onset T2D, in which genetic heterogeneity might be used to sub-classify patients for different treatment strategies.
Mapping the Vulnerability of Irrigation Sand Traps in a Tropical Volcanic Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Pradipta Ansita Gupitakingkin , Loc Ho Huu , Park Edward , Prihanan Akram Sripandam , Nurhady Sigit , Setyawan Chandra , Mohanasundaram S. , Virdis Salvatore G.P. , Shrestha Sangam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Sand traps in irrigation networks are typically used in mitigating canal sedimentation. In irrigation networks located in basins of high sediment yield due to the presence of volcanoes, it is essential to assess the vulnerability of sand traps. Using sediment yield at irrigation scheme inlets, sand trap vulnerability can be evaluated. This study aims to understand the vulnerability of irrigation sand traps throughout the Progo-Opak-Serang (POS) Volcanic River Basin, Indonesia, via mapping the sediment yield distributions in the basin. We employed the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to estimate soil loss, where the results show that the average soil loss in the POS River Basin is 179.69 tons/ha/year that falls under the category of moderate erosion potential, while the average sediment yield for the whole basin is 51.04 tons/ha/year. Parts of the basin with high yields of more than 180 tons/ha/year were mostly found along the volcanic mountains such as Sindoro, Sumbing, Merapi, Merbabu, and Telomoyo, and the Menoreh Hills. The model demonstrated relatively high performace with R2, NSE, RMSE, and MAE of 0.89, 0.82, 0.14, and 0.11, respectively. Within the POS Basin, Badran, Kalibawang, and Blawong are the three most vulnerable irrigation sand traps, with sediment yield values of 252.83, 178.92, and 63.49 tons/ha/year, respectively; they are all located in sub-watershed outlets. The vulnerability assessment conducted in this study can be used for the decision support system (DSS) to prioritize irrigation sand traps towards a more effective irrigation system development.
Establishment of a Gis (Geographical Information System) Dedicated to Agro-ecological Diagnosis and Integrated Development of Mountain Lands in the Wilaya of Tlemcen, Algeria
Authors: REGAGBA Mohamed , MEGHRAOUI Mâamar , SELADJI Abdelhakim , REGAGBA Zineb , MEDERBAL Khalladi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To develop agriculture in mountainous areas, environmental analysis is a necessary step. However, the classical methods of agro-ecological diagnosis, which are numerous and diversified, do not allow to study large spaces in a reasonable period of time and often do not meet the expectations of the practitioner of the field. The aim of this project is to implement an approach consisting of conducting an environmental analysis with a preference for the choice of a spatial dimension ( level of perception ) in line with the needs of the farmer ( agricultural spatial unit ). This analysis will be based on the most relevant physical, biotic and socio-economic indicators using two distinct but complementary approaches: - Firstly, by the synthetic view of the landscape offered by satellite imagery by limiting the number of ground surveys, a space remote sensing approach will be adopted; - Then, by the performance allowed by the Geographical Information System (GIS) tool, the spatially referenced data will be combined; - Finally, on the basis of the results of the agro-ecological diagnosis using the geomatics tool (cartography, remote sensing and GIS), development guidelines will be outlined to develop mountain lands (soil, water) and preserve the agro-ecosystems weakened by three (03) Test sites selected on a north-south transect in the Tlemcen wilaya.
Cutting Dynamics Research on the Five-Axis Machining of Thin Curved Surface With Barrel-Taper-Ball Milling Cutter
Authors: Jiang Yufeng , Guo Minglong , Du Guocai , Wei Zhaocheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The use of blisk is essential for improving the performance of aviation engines, and the cutting of blade curved surface is the core of the blisk CNC machining. In response to the problem of traditional ball end milling cutter and barrel milling cutter that is difficult to take into account the quality and efficiency of curved blade machining, this article proposes a barrel-taper-ball milling cutter. The contour of the new cutter's barrel taper area is more fit with the blade curved surface, which is conducive to obtaining a larger cutting step and a tiny scallop height. Further, for the problem of weak-rigidity thin-wall curved surface machining chatter, the cutting dynamics model of the five-axis machining of the barrel-taper-ball milling cutter is established. Through the determination of the material contact criterion of the cutting edge micro element, the cutting geometry analysis algorithm of the five-axis processing of the blade curved surface is proposed. By deducing the forces in oblique cutting of the barrel taper area and the ball end area, the time-varying characteristics of the blade modes are explored, and the multiple frequently method theory is extended to the five-axis machining of the blade curved surface with barrel-taper-ball milling cutter. Finally, the stable state cutting parameter domain is constructed. Experiments and simulation indicate that the cutting step of the new cutter under the same surface roughness can increase by 7 times, the error of the cutting geometry solution of the blade curved surface is only 0.5%, the average error of the predicted three-dimensional cutting force is about 4.95%, and the optimized stable state cutting parameter can achieve machining without cutting chatter.
Added Value of Positive Intraluminal Contrast CT over Fluoroscopic Examination for Detecting Gastrointestinal Leakage after Gastrointestinal Surgery
Authors: Kim Min Gwan , Kim Se Hyung , Jeon Sun Kyung , Han Seungchul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We tried to evaluate the added value of positive intraluminal contrast CT over fluoroscopy to detect anastomotic leakage after gastrointestinal surgery. 141 GI surgery patients with both fluoroscopic examinations and CT were included. Two radiologists reviewed fluoroscopic images with/without CT for determining anastomotic leakage on 5-point confidence scale and grading the leakage on 4-point grading system. Duration of hospital stay and type of treatment were recorded. Radiologists’ diagnostic performances for determining leakage were compared using the ROC analysis and inter-observer agreement was analyzed. 53 patients had GI leakage. When CT were added to fluoroscopic images, the AUC values significantly increased for both reviewers (from 0.859 to 0.942 for reviewer 1, P = 0.001; from 0.757 to 0.879 for reviewer 2, P = 0.002). Interobserver agreement between the two reviewers for the presence of leakage was excellent and improved with the addition of CT (weighted-kappa value, 0.869 versus 0.805). Postoperative intervention was more frequently performed (P < 0.001) and mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in patients with leakage (45 days versus 27 days) (P = 0.003). Through this, positive intraluminal contrast CT has an added value over fluoroscopic examination for detecting GI leakage in GI tract surgery patients, increasing AUC values and improving interobserver agreement.
Photovoltaics in agricultural landscapes: “Industrial land use” or a “real compromise” between renewable energy and biodiversity? Perspectives of German nature conservation associations
Authors: Hilker Janna Marie , Busse Maria , Müller Klaus , Zscheischler Jana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Our societies are facing the challenge of substituting environmentally hazardous energy sources with renewable energies as part of meeting climate protection goals. One common renewable energy source is photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, installing ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV-GM) systems in agricultural areas can lead to competition with other land uses. These projects therefore often encounter problems with social acceptance in affected communities. Especially from the perspective of nature conservation targets, conflicts can arise with the potential to lead to discord. These potential differences are still under-researched but represent important knowledge for the societally broadly accepted design of such facilities and their contribution to energy transformation. In this paper, we investigate the perspectives of nature conservationists on PV in the region of Brandenburg, Germany. In addition, we comparatively analyse attitudes towards agrophotovoltaics (APV) as a possible solution for mitigating land-use conflicts. Results are based on qualitative text analysis of ten interviews with local representatives and supraregional position papers put out by Nature Conservation Associations. A focus is put on factors influencing – either positively or negatively – the degree of local acceptability. Our finding suggest a growing consensus around basic assumptions of the need for renewable energies, the support for PV systems on rooftops, and the necessity for PV systems to be compatible with nature. Regarding specific site decisions, the various design options of PV parks and a projected large-scale expansion in the use of APV, we find diverging attitudes when we compare the content of position papers and the responses of interviewees. The interviewees advocate for paying due regard to the inclusion of local interests and specific regional conditions, the effects of APV on the local environment, and the need for distributional justice. Large-scale plants are locally less accepted than smaller ones and there is a more open attitude towards the expansion of APV. However, a range of concerns regarding consequences for landscape and biodiversity persists, and further research and clarification is required to address these issues. With this in mind, we draw conclusions about research needs when it comes to promoting the long-term social acceptability of renewable forms of energy generation. In line with other scholarly work, we conclude that basic ecological standards and the demands of local stakeholders and interest groups should be taken into account when planning, implementing and reviewing PV projects in the future.
Incidence and influencing factors of deep vein thrombosis after direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Liang Deng , Feng Eryou , Xu Dongmin , Weng Yan , Lin Feitai , Zhang Han , Chen Xiaoli , Xu Zhibiao , Ji Xiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the common complications after total hip replacement (THA). The direct anterior approach (DAA) total hip arthroplasty is widely promoted and used in clinical practice.The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and influencing factors of DVT after DAA-THA.
Methods: From January 2021 to November 2022, 168 patients who underwent DAA-THA were selected.These patients underwent the lower extremity doppler ultrasound examination before surgery, 3 days, 14 days, and 30 days after surgery. According to the results of postoperative ultrasound examination, patients were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group.The personal characteristics and clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed.
Results: The incidence of DVT after DAA-THA was 17.86% ( n = 30 ). Univariate analysis demonstrated that there were significant differences between DVT group and non-DVT group in gender (P=0.014), age (P=0.018), varicose veins (P=0.031) and blood transfusion (P=0.022). After adjustment by using logistic regression analysis,gender appeared to be the independent risk factor for DVT after DAA-THA (P = 0.021, OR = 3.1, 95%CI 1.2–8.3).
Conclusions: We found that gender was significantly associated with DVT after DAA-THA,with more females than males.In clinical practice, doctors should pay attention to the influencing factors of DVT to prevent the occurrence of DVT after DAA-THA.
Anti-Tumor Therapy through High ROS Performance induced by Ag Catalase from Boron Cluster with Halloysite Clay Nanotubes
Authors: Deng Xuefan , Xu Xiaoran , Xia Shiying , Li Yi , Wang Zhengxi , Wang Xinyu , Tan Yujia , Liu Pan , Sun Lijie , Huang Tianhe , Wei Yongchang , Zhang Haibo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recently, nanomaterials, particularly catalase, have gained considerable attention in enhancing the outcomes of cancer therapy. To ensure the efficacious clinical application of catalase, a balance between its stability and biosafety is required alongside the maintenance of a high catalytic efficiency. Herein, halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) and dodecahydro-dodecaborate (closo-[B12H12]2–) with biocompatible properties were ingeniously combined and reduced in situ to obtain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and single-atom nanozyme (SAzyme) composites (HNT@B12H12@Ag catalase) with significantly good antitumor effect and biosafety. This novel designed material (HNT@B12H12@Ag) can help avoid the elevated-temperature calcination that is typically employed as it prepares Ag SAzymes alongside AgNPs while maintaining ~ 100% efficiency of Ag utilization via the reducibility and coordination stabilization of closo-[B12H12]2− and HNTs. Moreover, we investigated the catalytic activity and antimelanoma effects of HNT@B12H12@Ag catalase, and the results revealed that it effectively suppressed melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo via toxic reactive oxygen species generated by mediating the catalytic reactions. This study provides a solid foundation for designing NP/SAzymes with promising clinical translation prospects.
Gondwanan Flood Basalts Linked Seismically to Plume-Induced Lithosphere Delamination
Authors: Morgan Jason , Shi Yanan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Delamination of continental lithospheric mantle is now well-recorded beneath several continents. However, the fate of delaminated continental lithosphere has been rarely noted, unlike subducted slabs that are reasonably well imaged in the upper and mid mantle. In the western US, the combination of high resolution USArray-based seismic imaging experiments and the rapid westward motion of the North American Plate allows us to recognize delaminated lithospheric fragments 400 km beneath where the ~17 Ma Columbia River Flood Basalt event took place, and ~500-600 km beneath where the ~75 Ma Western Wyoming Craton delamination event occurred. Beneath former Gondwana, recent high resolution seismic tomographic models indicate the presence of at least 6 horizontal fast-wavespeed anomalies at ~600 km depths that do not appear to be related to slab subduction, including fast structures in locations consistent with delamination associated with the Paraná Flood Basalt event at ~134 Ma and the Deccan Traps event at ~66 Ma. These fast-wavespeed anomalies often lie above broad slow seismic wavespeed trunks at 500-700 km depths beneath former Gondwana, with the slow wavespeed anomalies branching around them. Numerical experiments indicate that delaminated subcontinental lithosphere should tend to stagnate in the mid-mantle above a mantle plume where it shapes subsequent plume upwelling. For hot plumes, the melt volume generated during plume-influenced delamination can easily reach magnitudes of ~2-4×106 km3, consistent with the basalt eruption volume at the Deccan Traps. This seismic and numerical evidence suggests that observed high wavespeed mid-mantle anomalies beneath the locations of former flood basalts are fragments of delaminated former continental lithosphere, and that lithospheric delamination events in the presence of subcontinental plumes induced several of the continental flood basalts associated with the multiple breakup stages of Gondwanaland. Continued upwelling in these plumes can also have entrained subcontinental lithosphere in the mid-mantle to bring its distinctive geochemical signal to the modern mid-ocean spreading centers that surround southern and western Africa.
Glacial and seismic events investigation from a single-station records at Severnaya Zemlya archipelago (Arctic region)
Authors: Antonovskaya Galina , Kapustian Natalia , Konechnaya Yana , Morozova Ekaterina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The new permanent seismic station SVZ started working in Arctic (Severnaya Zemlya archipelago, Bolshevik Island), we discuss the first results of the local seismicity study. We have processed 46 local seismic events for 2017–2022. Data processing using a single seismic sensor is difficult but using waveforms and spectral-temporal analysis of P-, S- and surface waves it is possible to separate shallow earthquakes from glacial events. We distinguish two types of icequakes – glaciers and pulses. An increase in seismic background noise is related to with processes of glacial nature in summertime. Data processing allows to obtain the main peculiarities of local seismicity, i.e., mutual connection of glacial processes and crustal seismicity. We showed the presence of icequakes induced by local crustal events; their epicenters confined to the ice domes edges. Spatial-temporal sequence and the rate of events migration show that the glacial events are result of the defusing deformations process in the glaciers caused by the impact of shallow. Thousands of pulsed and noise high-frequency micro-oscillations associate with the sea ice sheet or lake ice. The temporal variation of events’ number and energy per day correlates with air temperature temporal variations. Moreover, there is a sharp increase in the number of pulses with sharp temperature changes. The greatest activity of this pulsed events is in winter and especially in March, connected with ice surface destruction. In case of a network deployment is not feasible, even a single seismic station allows to get a useful information about the glacial and seismic processes.
Prediction of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with CT-based delta-radiomics nomogram
Authors: Fan Liyuan , Yang Zhe , Li Ruijiang , Wen Qiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram model that uses CT-based delta-radiomics features and clinical factors to predict pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).
Methods
The study included 232 ESCC patients who underwent computed tomography (CT) scans before and after nCRT between June 2018 and December 2021. The patients were randomly divided into training and validation sets with 174 and 58 patients, respectively. 837 radiomics features were extracted from delineations of the region of interest on pre- and post-treatment CT images, and calculated their deltas. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to select delta-radiomics features (DRF) based on classification performance. Logistic regression was used to construct a nomogram with clinical factors, and the performance of the nomogram in predicting pCR was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC) analysis.
Results
There was no significant difference between the training and validation datasets. The delta-radiomics signatures (DRS), consisting of four features, demonstrated good predictive performance for pCR, with α-binormal-based and empirical AUCs of 0.831 and 0.843. T-stage and differentiation degree were identified as independent predictive factors of pCR in ESCC patients with nCRT. The nomogram combined the DRS and clinical factors improved the classification performance in the training dataset (AUCαbin = 0.963 and AUCemp = 0.964). Furthermore, the validation set showed a similar performance to that of the training set, with AUCs of 0.967 and 0.964.
Conclusions
A nomogram model based on CT-based delta-radiomics features and clinical factors provided high discriminatory accuracy in predicting pCR status of ESCC patients after nCRT.