bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineered Microbial Nanohybrids for Tumor‐Mediated NIR II Photothermal Enhanced Ferroptosis/Cuproptosis and Immunotherapy
Authors: Ruan Yihang , Zhuang Huilan , Zeng Xuemei , Lin Lili , Wang Xuechun , Xue Panpan , Xu Shan , Chen Qi , Yan Shuangqian , Huang Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe colon tumor microenvironment has a high concentration of H2S and glutathione, which is highly immunosuppressive and adverse to multiple therapeutic methodologies such as ferroptosis. Here, an engineered microbial nanohybrid based on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Cu2O nanoparticles to specific colon tumor therapy and immunosuppression reversion is reported. The as‐prepared E. coli@Cu2O hybrid can accumulate in tumor sites upon intravenous injection, and Cu2O nanoparticles convert to CuxS by consuming the endogenous H2S, which exhibits strong photothermal conversion at near‐infrared II (NIR II) biological window. Furthermore, E. coli@Cu2O is able to induce cellular ferroptosis and cuproptosis through inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 and aggregation of dihydrolipoamide S‐acetyltransferase, respectively. Photothermal‐enhanced ferroptosis/cuproptosis achieved by E. coli@Cu2O reverses the immunosuppression of colon tumors by triggering dendritic cell maturation (about 30%) and T cell activation (about 50% CD8+ T cells). Concerted with immune checkpoint blockade, the engineered microbial nanohybrid can inhibit the growth of abscopal tumors upon NIR illumination. Overall, the designed microbial nanohybrid can achieve tumor‐specific photothermal‐enhanced ferroptosis/cuproptosis and immunosuppression reversion, showing promise in precise tumor therapy in future clinical translation.
Engineering A Boron‐Rich Interphase with Nonflammable Electrolyte toward Stable Li||NCM811 Cells Under Elevated Temperature
Authors: Yang Chao , Zheng Mengting , Qu Rui , Zhang Hanyin , Yin Luming , Hu Wenxi , Han Jin , Lu Jun , You Ya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite the high energy of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathode, it still suffers serious decay due to the continuous solvents decomposition and unstable cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layers, especially under high temperatures. The intense exothermic reaction between delithiated NCM811 and flammable electrolyte, on the other hand, pushes the batteries to their safety limit. Herein, these two issues are tackled via engineering the electrolytes, that is, utilizing salts with higher HOMO levels and nonflammable solvents with lower HOMO levels, to reduce the massive decomposition of solvents and improve battery safety under elevated temperatures. Consequently, a thin and boron‐rich CEI is generated, which effectively inhibited the side reactions, thus improving the cycling stability and safety. Deviated from the highly concentrated electrolytes which heavily relies on the usage of massive salts, the electrolyte recipe can introduce a robust inorganic‐rich CEI but use much less salt (i.e., dilute electrolyte), and thus, offer an encouraging alternative toward practical applications. As such, the NCM811 cathode exhibits a high‐capacity retention of 81.2% after 950 cycles at 25 °C and 75% after 300 cycles at 55 °C. This work provides a universal electrolyte design strategy for designing stable and safe high‐temperature electrolytes for the NCM811 cathode.
Laser‐Based Selective Material Processing for Next‐Generation Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Park Huijae , Park Jung Jae , Bui Phuong‐Danh , Yoon Hyeokjun , Grigoropoulos Costas P. , Lee Daeho , Ko Seung Hwan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe connection between laser‐based material processing and additive manufacturing is quite deeply rooted. In fact, the spark that started the field of additive manufacturing is the idea that two intersecting laser beams can selectively solidify a vat of resin. Ever since, laser has been accompanying the field of additive manufacturing, with its repertoire expanded from processing only photopolymer resin to virtually any material, allowing liberating customizability. As a result, additive manufacturing is expected to take an even more prominent role in the global supply chain in years to come. Herein, an overview of laser‐based selective material processing is presented from various aspects: the physics of laser‐material interactions, the materials currently used in additive manufacturing processes, the system configurations that enable laser‐based additive manufacturing, and various functional applications of next‐generation additive manufacturing. Additionally, current challenges and prospects of laser‐based additive manufacturing are discussed.
Mucosa‐Inspired Electro‐Responsive Lubricating Supramolecular‐Covalent Hydrogel
Authors: Kang Jianye , Zhang Xuewei , Yang Xinyu , Yang Xuhao , Wang Shutao , Song Wenlong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnabling the living capability of secreting liquids dynamically triggered by external stimuli while maintaining the bulk frame is a significant challenge for mucosa‐inspired hydrogels. A mucosa‐inspired electro‐responsive hydrogel is developed in this study using the synergy between electro‐responsive silk fibroin supramolecular non‐covalent networks and covalent polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol polymer networks. The formed supramolecular‐covalent hydrogel exhibits a partial gel‐sol transition upon the application of an electric field, and the liquid layer on the hydrogel surface near the cathode is used to mimic the mucus‐secreting capability to regulate lubrication. The electro‐responsive lubricating process can operate under a safe voltage and exhibits good reversibility. It is also a universal strategy to construct an electro‐responsive hydrogel by introducing an electro‐responsive supramolecular network into the polymer network. This mucosa‐inspired electro‐responsive supramolecular‐covalent hydrogel offers a promising method for designing soft actuators or robots that can regulate lubrication using an electric strategy.
Noise Spectroscopy Analysis of Ion Behavior in Liquid Gate‐All‐Around Silicon Nanowire Field‐Effect Transistor Biosensors
Authors: Zhang Yongqiang , Boichuk Nazarii , Pustovyi Denys , Chekubasheva Valeriia , Long Hanlin , Petrychuk Mykhailo , Vitusevich Svetlana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe transport and noise properties of fabricated, high‐performance, gate‐all‐around silicon liquid‐gated nanowire field‐effect transistor devices are investigated in different concentrations of MgCl2 solutions. The critical concentration of MgCl2 solution for charge inversion at the solid‐liquid interface is verified using noise spectroscopy and confirmed using the capacitance‐voltage measurement technique. In this study, it is found that the Hooge parameter (αH) and the equivalent input noise (SU) can effectively reflect the ion behavior on the surface of the nanowire. Moreover, the noise curves for αH and SU indicate two turning points at concentrations of 10−4 and 10−1 m for a peak and a valley, respectively. The noise transformation is related to the behavior of ions near the solid‐liquid interface in solutions with different MgCl2 concentrations is revealed. The results show that noise spectroscopy is a powerful method for monitoring charge dynamic processes in the research field of biosensors.
Effects of climatic factors on carbohydrate composition of soybeans in Argentina
Authors: Marioli Nobile Carla Georgina , Balzarini Mónica , Grosso Rubén , Soldini Diego , Zossi Silvia , Martínez María José 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarbohydrates are the second largest component of soybean seeds and include soluble sugars, a major source of energy. However, some oligosaccharides such as the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) are considered antinutritional factors. In Argentina, the soybean crop area shows high climatic variation during the seed‐filling period (R5–R7), affecting seed composition. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of climatic traits on carbohydrate (CHO) seed composition of different cultivar types. Daily air temperature and solar radiation were measured during R5–R7 in two soybean varieties: (non‐transgenic) ALIM3.14 and a commercial. Precipitation and evapotranspiration during the crop season (R1–R7) were used to calculate a hydric balance proxy. ALIM 3.14 showed a better CHO profile than the commercial soybean. ALIM 3.14 had lower stachyose and total RFOs (25.1 and 28.9 g kg−1) than the commercial cultivar (37.3 and 42.3 g kg−1), respectively. Air temperature explained variations in CHO. A decrease in sucrose was observed with the increase in mean temperature (−2.65 g 100 g−1 per °C). Sucrose/total RFO and total sugar concentration also declined with increasing mean temperature −0.10 g 100 g−1 per °C and −0.35 g 100 g−1 per °C, respectively. Soybean with desired nutritional profile for specialties, such as high sucrose concentration and low raffinose, were obtained at cool temperatures (<19.4°C) during seed filling. Producers and breeders can use this information to identify climatic variable thresholds that maximize the concentration of sugars in seeds and select traits and environments useful to improve soybean under climate warming conditions.
Worker studies suggest unique liver carcinogenicity potential of polyvinyl chloride microplastics
Authors: Zarus Gregory M. , Muianga Custodio , Brenner Stephan , Stallings Katie , Casillas Gaston , Pohl Hana R. , Mumtaz M. Moiz , Gehle Kimberly 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPlastic debris pervades our environment. Some breaks down into microplastics (MPs) that can enter and distribute in living organisms causing effects in multiple target organs. MPs have been demonstrated to harm animals through environmental exposure. Laboratory animal studies are still insufficient to evaluate human impact. And while MPs have been found in human tissues, the health effects at environmental exposure levels are unclear.AimWe reviewed and summarized existing evidence on health effects from occupational exposure to MPs. Additionally, the diverse effects documented for workers were organized by MP type and associated co‐contaminants. Evidence of the unique effects of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) on liver was then highlighted.MethodsWe conducted two stepwise online literature reviews of publications focused on the health risks associated with occupational MP exposures. This information was supplemented with findings from animal studies.ResultsOur analysis focused on 34 published studies on occupational health effects from MP exposure with half involving exposure to PVC and the other half a variety of other MPs to compare. Liver effects following PVC exposure were reported for workers. While PVC exposure causes liver toxicity and increases the risk of liver cancers, including angiosarcomas and hepatocellular carcinomas, the carcinogenic effects of work‐related exposure to other MPs, such as polystyrene and polyethylene, are not well understood.ConclusionThe data supporting liver toxicity are strongest for PVC exposure. Overall, the evidence of liver toxicity from occupational exposure to MPs other than PVC is lacking. The PVC worker data summarized here can be useful in assisting clinicians evaluating exposure histories from PVC exposure and designing future cell, animal, and population exposure‐effect research studies.
Optimizing cryopreservation of nasal polyp tissue for cellular functional studies and single‐cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Sohail Aaqib , Baloh Carolyn H. , Hacker Jonathan , Cho Laura , Ryan Tessa , Bergmark Regan W. , Lee Stella E. , Maxfield Alice , Roditi Rachel , Dwyer Daniel F. , Buchheit Kathleen M. , Laidlaw Tanya M. 
Published: September 2023

Key points
Mast cell numbers were reduced in samples cryopreserved as whole tissue chunks.
Thawed epithelial cells had reduced proliferation rates when preserved as dissociated cell suspensions.
The right cryopreservation method to choose may depend on the goals and cell‐type focus of the project.
Analysis of teamwork skill development in a flipped civil engineering course
Authors: Karabulut‐Ilgu Aliye , Madson Katherine , Miner Nathan , Shane Jennifer , Burzette Rebecca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs an innovative pedagogy, flipped classroom approach enables instructors to move direct instruction out of class and convert class time to a dynamic learning environment where students engage in teamwork, problem‐solving, and other interactive activities. Previous research has concluded that, when implemented well, flipped learning has the potential not only to increase learning gain but also to improve students’ professional skills such as teamwork, communication, and life‐long learning, which are deemed to be critical in engineering education and practice. This study aimed to examine the development of teamwork skills in a flipped civil engineering course. A sequential mixed‐method approach was adopted to understand students’ attitude toward teamwork, confidence in teamwork, and teamwork skill development. Quantitative data included pre‐ and postcourse surveys and peer evaluation (PE) and self‐evaluation (SE) while qualitative data included focus group interviews. Results indicated that students’ attitudes toward teamwork slightly improved, but it was not statistically significant. Confidence in teamwork, however, significantly improved after being engaged in a semester‐long team project. Teamwork skill development was assessed through four PE and SE conducted after each major project milestone. Findings are discussed and implications for classroom implementations and future research are presented.
Flexor tenotomies for the treatment of bilateral wrist contracture after traumatic brain injury: A case report
Authors: Brown Elizabeth , Kastner Tyler , Harder Justin , Cox Cameron , MacKay Brendan 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageTraumatic brain injuries have the potential to cause the development of long‐term complications. We aim to show that the use of flexor tenotomies in the treatment of flexion contractures following traumatic brain injury is a viable solution.
Impact of root architecture and transpiration rate on drought tolerance in stay‐green sorghum
Authors: Djanaguiraman Maduraimuthu , Gowsiga Srinivasan , Govindaraj Mahalingam , Habyarimana Ephrem , Senthil Alagarswamy , Thavaprakaash Nallasamy , Jeyakumar Prabhakaran , Kokilavani Jayavel , Chellammal Chellapandiyan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yield loss due to terminal drought stress is common in semiarid regions. Stay‐green is a drought adaptation trait, and a deeper understanding of stay‐green‐associated traits is necessary for sorghum breeding. We hypothesize that the stay‐green trait in sorghum may be associated with the root architecture and transpiration rate under drought stress. The objectives were to (i) identify the relationship among stay‐green‐associated traits, (ii) compare the root system architecture and transpiration rate of stay‐green (B35 and 296B) and senescent (BTx623 and R16) genotypes under drought stress, and (iii) quantify the impacts of reproductive stage drought stress on gas exchange and grain yield of stay‐green and senescent genotypes. A series of drought experiments were conducted with these genotypes. Under drought stress, the stay‐green genotypes had an increased total root length in the top 30–60 cm (18%) and 60–90 cm of soil (45%) than the senescent genotypes. In contrast, under progressive soil drying, stay‐green genotypes had a decreased transpiration rate (9%) than senescent genotypes by an early (∼1 h) partial closure of stomata under high vapor pressure deficit conditions. The increased seed yield (43%) in stay‐green genotypes is due to an increased photosynthetic rate (30%) and individual seed size (35%) than senescent genotypes. Overall, it is concluded that stay‐green phenotypes had two distinct drought adaptive mechanisms: (i) increased root length for increased soil exploration for water and (ii) an early decrease in the transpiration rate to conserve soil moisture. Identifying genomic markers for these traits would accelerate drought‐tolerant sorghum breeding.
Advanced adaptive algorithm controlled single‐phase DSTATCOM operation during weak grid conditions
Authors: Chankaya Mukul , Aijaz Masiha , Hussain Ikhlaq , Ahmad Aijaz , Lone Shameem Ahmad 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis paper presents the performance of a single‐phase utility‐tied distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) with nonlinear load operating under weak grid conditions. The DSTATCOM is controlled by a complex kernel risk‐sensitive p‐power (CKRSP) algorithm. Ever‐increasing nonlinearity of the load, rapidly increasing renewable energy system installed capacity, and rising heating loads, especially during the winter season, lead to various power quality issues that worsen during weak grid conditions. An advanced adaptive control scheme, that is, CKRSP, enforces the system to perform various multifaceted operations, including harmonics suppression, handling rapid load variations, voltage sag and swell, and active and reactive power control at the point of common coupling (PCC) during weak grid conditions. The proposed CKRSP algorithm outperforms conventional control algorithms regarding steady‐state error, convergence speed, and accuracy. During weak grid conditions, the proposed system ensures stable DC bus voltage with a reduced second harmonic component. This further assists the CKRSP control in better extracting the fundamental load current component using a smoother loss component of current
. The proposed system can handle various power quality issues during weak grid conditions while ensuring the overall system's stability. The laboratory prototype results show that the presented system performs satisfactorily under weak grid conditions per IEEE 519‐2014 standards.
Development of a three‐phase power‐flow calculation method for distribution systems with automatic handling of arbitrary winding connections of transformers
Authors: Cirilo Leandro Guilherme , Noda Taku 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSingle‐phase loads and photovoltaic generation cause three‐phase imbalance in distribution systems, and prospective growth of normal chargers of electric vehicles may even increase the imbalance. The analysis of such unbalanced systems requires the three‐phase power‐flow calculation. Since existing methods require the admittance matrices of three‐phase transformers, they must be derived for all possible winding connection patterns in advance to its computer‐code implementation. This paper proposes a three‐phase power‐flow calculation method which formulates circuit equations using the modified nodal analysis, making it possible to automatically handle any winding connection. The power‐flow constraints are then embedded into the circuit equations using a fixed‐point iteration. Newton‐Raphson, backward/forward sweep and fixed‐point iteration methods are the existing three categories of solution methods. Newton‐Raphson methods may show convergence problems due to the high R/X ratios of distribution lines. Backward/forward sweep methods cannot be used, because loops are temporarily formed in a distribution system during circuit switching. These justify the use of a fixed‐point iteration. In this paper, the proposed method is validated by practical examples.
Study of the inhibitory effect of a soft cushion on the propagation of pressure pulsation in pumped storage power stations
Authors: Yang Liu , Wang Haijun , Yang Xiuwei , Li Huokun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh‐frequency pressure pulsations are hydraulic phenomena that are frequently observed in pumped storage power stations. These pulsations can propagate through the steel pipes, concrete lining, and the surrounding rock system, which in turn may have detrimental effects on the environment, such as noise pollution, and relocation of the local residents. This paper proposes a vibration‐damping concept that involves wrapping a local soft cushion layer outside the buried steel pipe; this layer could partially eliminate the pressure fluctuations in the headrace tunnel, thereby reducing the ground vibrations caused by the pressure pulsations. In this study, the finite element method was used to model the propagation of vibrations in the surrounding rock and fluid‐filled pipes, including static simulation of the structure, and dynamic simulation of the surrounding rock. The simulation results suggest that adding an appropriate local soft bedding layer can effectively reduce the ground vibrations by more than 60% and the possible surface noise within the standard vertical vibration norms. The inhibitory effect of the soft cushion on the propagation of vibrations is determined by the wrapping angle, thickness, and material of the bedding layer. This effect increases with increasing wrapping angle and thickness of the bedding layer, and decreases with increasing elastic modulus of the material. After the addition of the bedding layer between the steel pipe and concrete lining, the pressure in the inner pipe is primarily borne by the steel lining rather than the coupling of the steel lining, concrete lining, and the surrounding rock. Hence, the thickness of the part of the steel liner in contact with the soft bedding layer should be increased. In addition, the thickness variations in the steel pipe joints should be smooth to avoid stress concentration.
Crack segmentation in the wild using convolutional neural networks and bootstrapping
Authors: Ahmad Tasweer , Gharehbaghi Vahidreza , Li Jian , Bennett Caroline , Lequesne Rémy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractComputer vision and deep learning methods have found numerous practical applications over the last decade. The field of structural health monitoring has greatly benefited from such advancements. Accurate crack detection and segmentation are a critical part of structural health monitoring and assessment. In the past decade, researchers have developed different computer vision and deep learning methods to address this challenging task. In this article, we propose to use convolutional neural networks and bootstrapping to improve crack segmentation in the wild. Specifically, we investigate fully convolutional network (FCN) and DeepLabV3 with different ResNet architectures as the back bone and assess their performance. A unique feature of this work is the use of bootstrapping with a segmentation network and image augmentation. Bootstrapping is an important component of our proposed methodology for better extracting features from the datasets. We also incorporate superpixel pooling for FCN which improves performance. We assess the performance of our method using five publicly available datasets, which include a wide variety of crack images such as thin pavement cracks, tree shadows on cracks, cracks in asphalt roads, concrete wall cracks, wide cracks on concrete surfaces, and so on. A comparative study is also performed with several established methods in the literature. Results indicate that overall, our proposed method outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods for crack segmentation.