bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Millisecond Pulsar Populations between Globular Clusters and the Galactic Field
Authors: Lee Jongsu , Hui C. Y. , Takata J. , Kong A. K. H. , Tam Pak-Hin Thomas , Li Kwan-Lok , Cheng K. S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We have performed a systematic study of the rotational, orbital, and X-ray properties of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) in globular clusters (GCs) and compared their nature with those of the MSPs in the Galactic field (GF). We found that GC MSPs generally rotate slower than their counterparts in the GF. Different from the expectation of a simple recycling scenario, no evidence for the correlation between the orbital period and the rotation period can be found in the MSP binaries in GCs. There is also an indication that the surface magnetic field of GC MSPs is stronger than those in the GF. All these suggest dynamical interactions in GCs can alter the evolution of MSPs/their progenitors, which can leave an imprint on their X-ray emission properties. While the MSPs in both GF and GCs have similar distributions of X-ray luminosity and hardness, our sample supports the notion that these two populations follow different relations between the X-ray luminosity and spin-down power. We discuss this in terms of both the pulsar emission model and the observational bias.
Near-infrared Polarimetry and H2 Emission toward Massive Young Stars: Discovery of a Bipolar Outflow Associated to S235 e2s3
Authors: Devaraj R. , o Garatti A. Caratti , Dewangan L. K. , Fedriani R. , Ray T. P. , Luna A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a near-infrared H-band polarimetric study toward the S235 e2s3 protostar, obtained using the POLICAN instrument on the 2.1 m OAGH telescope. The images reveal a bipolar outflow with a total length of about 0.5 pc. The outflow nebulosity presents a high degree of linear polarization (∼80%) and reveals a centrosymmetric pattern with the polarization position angles. The polarization characteristics suggest their origin to be single scattering associated with dust in the outflow. Using multiwavelength archival data, we performed spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting based on radiative transfer models of turbulent core accretion theory. The best-fit SED model indicated that the protostar has a mass of 6.8 ± 1.2 M
⊙, with a disk accretion rate of 3.6 ± 1.2 × 10−4
M
⊙ yr−1 and a total bolometric luminosity of 9.63 ± 2.1 × 103
L
⊙. Narrowband H2 (2.12 μm) observations show shocked emission along the bipolar lobes tracing the jet’s interaction with the surrounding medium. The estimated H2 luminosity of the outflow is

2.3

−
1.3

+
3.5

L

⊙

, which matched the known power-law correlation with the source bolometric luminosity, similar to other high-mass outflows. The orientation of the bipolar outflow was found to be parallel to the local magnetic field direction. The overall results assert the fact that the S235 e2s3 source is a massive young star driving a highly collimated bipolar outflow through disk accretion.
The Dynamical Consequences of a Super-Earth in the Solar System
Authors: Kane Stephen R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Placing the architecture of the solar system within the broader context of planetary architectures is one of the primary topics of interest within planetary science. Exoplanet discoveries have revealed a large range of system architectures, many of which differ substantially from the solar system’s model. One particular feature of exoplanet demographics is the relative prevalence of super-Earth planets, for which the solar system lacks a suitable analog, presenting a challenge to modeling their interiors and atmospheres. Here we present the results of a large suite of dynamical simulations that insert a hypothetical planet in the mass range 1–10 M
⊕ within the semimajor axis range 2–4 au, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. We show that, although the system dynamics remain largely unaffected when the additional planet is placed near 3 au, Mercury experiences substantial instability when the additional planet lies in the range 3.1–4.0 au, and perturbations to the Martian orbit primarily result when the additional planet lies in the range 2.0–2.7 au. We further show that, although Jupiter and Saturn experience relatively small orbital perturbations, the angular momentum transferred to the ice giants can result in their ejection from the system at key resonance locations of the additional planet. We discuss the implications of these results for the architecture of the inner and outer solar system planets, and for exoplanetary systems.
Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (subtype IIIB) diagnosis as a spectrum disorder: A case report from Kosovo
Authors: Spahiu Lidvana , Behluli Emir , Hadziselimovic Rifat , Liehr Thomas , Temaj Gazmend 
Published: February 2023

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPS IIIB), also known as Sanfilippo syndrome type B, is a metabolic disease caused by mutations in both alleles of the NAGLU gene encoding for the enzyme &alpha;-N-acetylglucosaminidase. A malfunction of this enzyme causes &nbsp;inability to degrade heparan sulfate, which leads to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the cells. MPS IIIB is associated with different symptoms such as neurodegeneration, extreme hyperactivity, sleeping problems, aggressive behavior, reduced fear, and cognitive &nbsp;deterioration. The condition is by now not curable. Here we describe a patient with MPS IIIB diagnosed at the age of 5 presenting with communication problems, motor dysfunctions, and speech and sleeping problems.
Standard biochemical tests for neurodegenerative disorders and DNA analyses including NAGLU mutation screening were performed. We also did some psychological tests assessing the patient&rsquo;s communication skills and behavior.&nbsp;
The patient was heterozygote for two mutations in the gene NAGLU (Y140C and Ser169fs). Thus, he suffered from MPS IIIB due to two mutations in the disease-causing gene.
The patient presented with clear signs and symptoms of MPS IIIB with at least one of the two mutations affecting the &alpha;-N-acetylglucosaminidase protein function severely. Here we report the combination of a well-known and previously unreported mutation in the NAGLU gene; this could be dependent on geographical origin of the patient, which needs to be clarified by molecular studies of more MPS IIIB patients from Southeast Europe.&nbsp;
Chest CT diagnostic potential as a tool for early detection of suspected COVID-19 cases in pandemic peaks
Authors: Chervenkov Lyubomir , Raycheva Ralitsa , Rangelova Vanya , Doykova Katya 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease (COVID&shy;19) in China at the end of 2019 caused a massive global outbreak that has become a major public health issue.
Aim: Our aim was to investigate the diagnostic potential of chest CT in screening patients suspected of having COVID&shy;19 in high&shy;prevalence settings.
Materials and methods: This is a real&shy;life, prospective, observational study involving 260 patients. All patients received chest CT scan at the emergency department (ED) of Kaspela University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria and RT&shy;PCR testing for suspected COVID&shy;19 from March 27 to December 31, 2020. COVID&shy;19 likelihood was assessed by assigning each CT scan to a particular category of the COVID&shy;19 Reporting and Data System (CO&shy;RADS). IBM SPSS v. 26 was used to process the data.
Results: The male&shy;to&shy;female distribution ratio was 1.4:1 &ndash; 150 (57.7%) males vs. 110 (42.3%) females (p=0.014). The median age was 55 yrs (range 46&ndash;65 yrs). Discharged patients were 247 (95.0%), the rest died in the COVID&shy;19 intensive care unit. Males were 4.13 times more likely to be diagnosed with CO&shy;RADS&ge;3 score than females. Increasing age was associated with an increased likelihood of being classified with higher CO&shy;RADS scores. The ROC curves analysis demonstrated that CO&shy;RADS &ge;3 was the optimal cutoff for discrimi&shy;nating between a positive and negative PCR (Youden&rsquo;s index J=0.67), with an AUC of 0.825 (95% CI 0.72&shy;0.93), sensitivity of 91.9% (95% CI 87.7%&shy;95.1%), specificity of 75.0% (95% CI 53.3%&shy;90.2%) and accuracy of 76.4% (95% CI 70.7%&shy;81.4%).
Conclusions: The results of this study reveal that a CT examination can provide a quick and accurate diagnosis of patients with sus&shy;pected COVID&shy;19 infection, whereas the PCR test is time&shy;consuming, and the delay in receiving results can be substantial when the incidence curve begins to grow rapidly.
Effects of cationic polymers on the viability of microbial biofilms
Authors: Teper Paulina , Sotirova Anna , Kowalczuk Agnieszka , Mendrek Barbara , Paunova-Krasteva Tsvetelina 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The number of published biofilm studies and novel ways for studying them has risen dramatically in recent years, ow-ing to the broad application of biofilms in medicine. Some bacteria develop biofilms that are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents, resulting in persistent infections. This necessitates the development of alternative methods for combating biofilms. In this regard, the application of cationic polymers is a good candidate for realization of this strategy.&nbsp;
Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate the potential of a newly synthesized covalently attached star copolymer of N,N&rsquo;-dimeth-ylaminoethyl methacrylate and hydroxyl-bearing oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate [P(DMAEMA-co-HOEGMA)] to silica surfaces and its quaternized version [P(QDMAEMA-co-HOEGMA)] for destruction of biofilms formed by Bacillus subtilis or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.&nbsp;
Materials and methods: Model strains representing different genera and taxonomic groups were selected for the study. The anti-biofilm activities of two different newly synthesized cationic polymers were investigated by observation (live/dead staining) of the viability of bacterial cells within the biofilm.
Results: The results obtained by the live/dead labeling of bacterial biofilms show a substantial decrease in the viability of population in the presence of cationic polymers, better expressed at B. subtilis.
Conclusions: The studied two immobilized on silica wafers newly synthesized star copolymers exhibited potential for anti-biofilm effects. The results demonstrated combined potential for reducing the viability of bacterial cells within the biofilms and probably for loosening the biofilm matrix. The effect was better expressed in B. subtilis.
Au-delà du rôle régalien de l’État dans la gestion des conflits autour des aménagements hydro agricoles de la Vallée du Niger au Bénin.
Authors: Maman Abdou Razak , Egah Janvier , Baco Mohamed Nasser 
Published: February 2023

L’étude vise à analyser l’émergence des conflits issus des modes de gouvernance des aménagements hydroagricoles dans la vallée du Niger au Bénin. Des entretiens semi-structurés, des groupes de discussion (focus groups) et des entretiens ont été organisés avec les différents acteurs impliqués dans la gouvernance des aménagements hydroagricoles. Au total, 110 personnes ont été enquêté, regroupant les responsables des coopératives des riziculteurs, de l’administration publique du secteur agricole ainsi que les autorités communales et locales. La traduction des enregistrements à partir des téléphones intelligents (smartphones) a facilité la collecte et le traitement des données. L’analyse de discours a permis de comprendre les types de conflits, leurs émergences et leurs méthodes de résolution. Dans la vallée du Niger au Bénin, les modes de gouvernance observés sont : communautaire, communautaire-privée (mixte) et privée. Plusieurs conflits ont émané du non-respect des règles opérationnelles, collectives et constitutionnelles. La proximité des producteurs avec les leaders politiques locaux a entretenu la récurrence des conflits. Enfin au-delà de la régulation tant souhaitée par les différents acteurs, d’autres stratégies fondées sur le capital social ont été utilisées par l’État pour assurer la stabilité dans le fonctionnement des aménagements hydroagricoles.
De la solidarité dans les espaces protégés : exploration des chartes des Parcs nationaux et Parcs naturels régionaux français
Authors: Fromont Céline , Mathevet Raphaël , Chandelier Marie , Couratte-Arnaude Nadja , Thompson John D. 
Published: February 2023

La solidarité écologique est l’un des principes fondamentaux des lois de 2006 portant réforme des Parcs nationaux et de la loi de 2016 relative à la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des paysages. Afin d’amorcer un bilan de l’appropriation de ce principe, et plus largement de la notion de solidarité par les aires protégées françaises, nous explorons ici l’usage du terme solidarité par les Parcs nationaux et les Parcs naturels régionaux à partir d’une analyse textuelle de leurs chartes. Ceci permet de questionner le rapport entre le recours aux trois types de solidarité (écologique, sociale et économique) dans les chartes, avec, d’une part, le contexte socio-environnemental des parcs et, d’autre part, les représentations des rapports humains-nature véhiculées dans les chartes. La notion de solidarité apparait être mobilisée par les deux réseaux de parcs, mais les types de solidarité ainsi que les objets sur lesquels portent ces solidarités diffèrent. Ainsi, les références à la solidarité écologique et à la nature sont issues tantôt d’un formalisme basé sur des croyances conventionnelles, fictionnelles et motivationnelles, tantôt sur un principe de gestion intégrée du territoire dont le caractère putatif, à la fois du public et de la nature, participe à la légitimation de l’existence de l’espace protégé et de ses actions. Nous terminons cette exploration par un questionnement sur la place du principe de solidarité écologique dans la construction de « territoires capables » de penser et d’agir pour la transition écologique, sociale, économique et énergétique, au sein et au-delà des espaces protégés.
DUCTILITY RESPONSE OF HYBRID FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
Authors: Natarajan Eswari 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:	The effect of fibre content on the Strength and ductility behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete (HFRC) beams having different fibre volume fractions was investigated. The parameters of this investigation included service load, ultimate load, service load deflection, ultimate load deflection, crack width, deflection ductility and energy ductility. The fibre volume fraction (Vf) ranged from 0.0 to 2.0 percent. Steel and polyolefin fibres were combined in different proportions and their impact on the above parameters was studied. The ductile response of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete beams was compared with that of control beam. The test results show that addition of 2.0 percent by volume of hybrid fibres improve the strength and ductility appreciably. Empirical expressions for predicting the strength and ductility of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete (HFRC) are proposed based on regression analysis. A close agreement has been obtained between the predicted and experimental results.
Relationship between lipid profile and suicide attempts in first-episode major depressive disorder patients
Authors: Nukala Srikrishna , Vinnakota Archana , Singisetti Srinivas , Chilukuri Shvetha , Vasireddy Niveditha , Garapati Venkata Abhilash , Sanapala Vidya , Tata Ramya Spandana , Aneepu Yoshita Rao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Cholesterol is considered a core component of the central nervous system, essential for cell membrane stability and the correct functioning of neurotransmitters. Cholesterol plays a vital role in the brain’s second messenger system related to the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs and mood stabilizers. It may be involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of mood disorders.

Aim:
This study aims to explicate facts and views about the role of cholesterol levels in depressive disorder and suicidality.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional comparative study where the patients were divided into two groups, i.e., subjects with first-episode major depressive disorder (MDD) with a recent suicide attempt and without suicide attempt. A detailed psychiatric interview, their sociodemographic characteristics, and clinical details were noted on a structured pro forma. MDD diagnosis in the patients was made using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used on subjects to determine the patient’s level of depression. After the overnight fast, blood samples are collected between 6 am and 7 am. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, high-density lipid levels, and low-density lipid levels were measured on the Cobas c311 machine.

Results:
In the current study, a positive correlation was noted in TC (r = 0.488) and low-density lipid (LDL) levels (r = 0.549) in subjects with depression and suicide attempts.

Conclusion:
The present study results add to the other studies that support an association between serum cholesterol with depression and suicide. Understanding the significance of lower cholesterol levels is central for future treatments of depressive disorder.
A cross-sectional study of sociodemographic profile, availability, pattern of use, and service utilization by opioid users in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Goyal Shri Gopal , Ambekar Atul , Arora Pikakashi , Prakash Prem , Rao Ravindra , Agrawal Alok , Mishra Ashwani Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The menace of substance abuse is not only socially unacceptable but also emerging as a major public health challenge in many States of India, including Rajasthan.

Aims:
The aim of this study is to study the sociodemographic profile, pattern of use, availability of opioids, and process of seeking treatment services for opioid dependence.

Subjects and Methods:
After ethical clearance, a cross-sectional observational study was carried out among those who fulfilled the screening criteria at a tertiary care hospital. A self-designed pro forma was used, which included a sociodemographic profile, drug use profile and pattern, behaviors and practices, service access, and the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Results were analyzed using SPSS version 22.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 41.25 (±12.4) years. The majority (98.3%) were males, married (91.7%), illiterate (33.3%), farmers (61.7%), 45.7% lived in Bikaner District, and 83.3% lived in rural areas. Crude opium was the most common drug used in the lifetime of 98% of users. The most common comorbid substance used was tobacco, used by 75% of them. In 85% of cases, opioid drugs were purchased with their own legal earnings. The major reasons for starting opioid drugs were peer pressure (38.3%), to relieve pain/stress (25%), and to increase physical stamina for work (33.3%). The majority (73.3%) of them had utilized services for deaddiction purposes earlier.

Conclusion:
The rural population in Western Rajasthan was highly affected by opium dependence. Participants were mainly low-potency opioid users without significant impairment in socio-occupational functioning, and their use was mainly to relieve stress and pain and to increase work capacity.
Effectiveness of Educating Proper Inhaler Technique in Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease Patients Visiting Pulmonology Outpatient Department
Authors: Alavandar Aishwarya , Govindasaami Vinod , Thangaswamy Dhanasekar , Muthuraja Koushik 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
Inhaler usage plays a key role in the treatment of chronic obstructive airway diseases. Improper usage technique is the most common but correctable aspect of the inhaler therapy, which leads to poor disease control, additional medications, morbidity, repeated exacerbations, and admissions. The usage of proper inhaler technique ensures good treatment outcome.

Methods:

Results:
The number of patients with inhaler technique adequacy (scores of 3 and 4) was 44% in the study's initial phase. The study participants were trained on each stage of the inhaler technique till a level of accuracy is reached and the patient is made aware about the proper technique. The participants during the review process exhibited improved levels of technique adequacy. Overall inhaler technique adequacy (score of 3 and 4) of the study participants reached 91% in the review stage (after 1 month). Part of patient care to educate the patients regarding proper inhaler technique has been found to be highly effective.

Conclusion:
Proper education on correct method of inhaler technique may not only improve the symptoms of the disease but also helps in dose reduction in long-term. Health professionals should encourage and instruct on correct inhalation technique and regularly re-evaluate the patient's inhalation technique during every OPD visit. Thus, proper counseling for the inhaler use in patients must be encouraged as it is closely related in quality of life of patient.
Role of C-Reactive Protein in COVID-19 Pneumonia as “A Jack of all Trades is a Master of None!”
Authors: Patil Shital , Khule Shubhangi , Patil Deepak , Toshniwal Sham 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Robust data of C-reactive protein (CRP) are available in bacterial infection, and it can be utilized in this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia pandemic for initial assessment and planning of treatment in indoor setting in association with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) severity.

Methods:
A prospective, observational, 12-week follow-up study included 2000 COVID-19 cases confirmed with reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All cases were assessed with lung involvement documented and categorized on HRCT thorax, oxygen saturation, CRP at entry point, and follow-up. Protocolised recordings of age, gender, comorbidity, and bilevel-positive airway pressure (BIPAP)/non-invasive ventilation (NIV) use were done. Final radiological outcome as with or without lung fibrosis as per follow-up computed tomography in accordance to entry point severity were analysed. Clinical and final outcomes were recorded as per requirement of interventions in indoor units. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test.

Results:
HRCT severity score at entry point has a significant correlation with CRP titer (P < 0.00001). CRP titer has a significant association with duration of illness (P < 0.00001). Comorbidities have a significant association with CRP titer (P < 0.00001). CRP titer has a significant association with oxygen saturation (P < 0.00001). BIPAP/NIV requirement during hospitalization has a significant association with CRP titer (P < 0.00001). Timing of BIPAP/NIV requirement has a significant association with CRP titer (P < 0.00001). Follow-up CRP titer during hospitalization as compared to entry point (initial) normal and abnormal CRP has a significant association in post-COVID lung fibrosis (P < 0.00001).

Conclusions:
CRP has documented a very crucial role in COVID-19 pneumonia in predicting severity of illness at entry point and progression of illness during course of hospitalization. Role of CRP as “a jack of all trades is a master of none” in COVID-19 pneumonia is a real misnomer due to its major impact on guiding step-up and step-down interventions in critical care units. CRP is considered a 'game changer' inflammatory molecule during the entire course of COVID-19 assessment. Role of CRP as an inflammatory marker “oftentimes better than a master of one” in comparison to other available markers interleukin-6, ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase due to easy availability and cost-effectiveness.