bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Linear Kinetics of The Lithium Metal Anode on Li6PS5Cl at High Current Density: Dendrite Growth and the Role of Lithium Microstructure on Creep
Authors: Singh Dheeraj Kumar , Fuchs Till , Krempaszky Christian , Mogwitz Boris , Janek Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInterfacial instability, viz., pore formation in the lithium metal anode (LMA) during discharge leading to high impedance, current focusing induced solid–electrolyte (SE) fracture during charging, and formation/behaviour of the solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI), at the anode, is one of the major hurdles in the development of solid‐state batteries (SSBs). Also, understanding cell polarization behaviour at high current density is critical to achieving the goal of fast‐charging battery and electric vehicle. Herein, via in situ electrochemical scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, performed with freshly deposited lithium microelectrodes on transgranularly fractured fresh Li6PS5Cl (LPSCl), the LiǀLPSCl interface kinetics are investigated beyond the linear regime. Even at relatively small overvoltages of a few mV, the LiǀLPSCl interface shows non‐linear kinetics. The interface kinetics possibly involve multiple rate‐limiting processes, i.e., ion transport across the SEI and SE|SEI interfaces, as well as charge transfer across the LiǀSEI interface. The total polarization resistance RP of the microelectrode interface is determined to be ≈ 0.8 Ω cm2. It is further shown that the nanocrystalline lithium microstructure can lead to a stable LiǀSE interface via Coble creep along with uniform stripping. Also, spatially resolved lithium deposition, i.e., at grain surface flaws, grain boundaries, and flaw‐free surfaces, indicates exceptionally high mechanical endurance of flaw‐free surfaces toward cathodic load (>150 mA cm−2). This highlights the prominent role of surface defects in dendrite growth.
The role of solute conformation, solvent–solute and solute–solute interactions in crystal nucleation
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Na , Huang Yunhai , Xing Jiangna , Huang Xin , Ferguson Steven , Wang Ting , Zhou Lina , Hao Hongxun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe induction time for nucleation can differ based on the solutions used to conduct a crystallization, which can in turn impact the efficiency and economics of a crystallization process, the crystal size distribution, the morphology and ultimately functionality of the final product. Establishing a link between the nucleation pathway/solution structure and nucleation induction time is essential to achieve improved comprehension of the process of crystal nucleation from solution. In this study, the role of solute conformation, solvent–solute interaction, and solute–solute interaction in nucleation was examined using tolbutamide as a model compound in toluene and toluene–alcohol solutions. Through a combination of induction time experiments, attenuated total reflection Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulations, and quantum chemical calculations, it was found that not only solvent–solute interactions but also solute–solute interactions and structural similarities between molecular self‐assemblies in the solution and synthons in the crystal structure, can significantly influence the nucleation induction time.
Maternally inherited deletion encompassing the RTL1as and MEG8 genes of the human 14q32 imprinted region in a patient with a mild Kagami‐Ogata syndrome phenotype
Authors: Sirera Sirera Paula , García‐Payá Elena , Olivas García Julia , Jadraque Rodríguez Rocío , Hernández Romero Sofía Daniela 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKagami‐Ogata syndrome and Temple syndrome are imprinting disorders caused by the abnormal expression of genes in an imprinted cluster on chromosome 14q32. Here, we report a female with mild features of the Kagami‐Ogata syndrome phenotype with polyhydramnios, neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, abnormal foot morphology, patent foramen ovale, distal arthrogryposis, normal facial profile, and a bell‐shaped thorax without coat hanger ribs. The single nucleotide polymorphism array revealed the interstitial deletion of chromosome 14q32.2–q32.31 (117 kb in size), involving the RTL1as and MEG8 genes, and other small nucleolar RNAs and microRNAs. The differentially methylated regions (DMRs) appeared unaltered. The RTL1as gene deletion and the normal methylation pattern of the MEG3 gene loci were confirmed by methylation‐specific multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. Deletions of the 14q32 region without involving DMRs, and encompassing only the RTL1as and MEG8 genes, are poorly described in the literature. The mother's chromosomal microarray also confirmed the identical 14q32.2 deletion, although she presented a normal phenotype. The maternally inherited 14q32 deletion was responsible for Kagami‐Ogata syndrome in our patient. It was not sufficient, however, to produce Temple syndrome or any other pathogenic phenotype in the patient's mother.
Pd‐catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov Hydrocarboxylation of Vinylarenes with Formic Acid Free of Auxiliary Additive
Authors: Zhuang Yi‐Ying , Chen Xiao‐Chao , Zhao Kai‐Chun , Zhang Guo‐Sheng , Xie Yu‐Fen , Lu Yong , Liu Ye 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22172052 and 21972045), and the Research Funds of Happiness Flower ECNU (2022ST2203).
Zwitterionic Open‐Shell Singlet Diradical with Solvent‐Dependent Singlet–Triplet Energy Gap
Authors: Shimizu Akihiro , Hayashida Masaaki , Ochi Yuta , Shiomi Daisuke , Sato Kazunobu , Takui Takeji , Shintani Ryo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA zwitterionic open‐shell singlet diradical composed of electron‐donating anion, anthroxide, and electron‐accepting cation, phenazinium, was designed and synthesized. The diradical has a small HOMO–LUMO energy gap and shows near‐infrared absorption. Temperature‐dependent ESR measurements confirmed its small energy gap between ground singlet and thermally‐excited triplet states (ΔEST). The ΔEST of the diradical was changed by solvents (toluene, 2‐MeTHF, and EtOH).
First clear evidence ofAnoplotherium (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) in the Iberian Peninsula: an update on the Iberian anoplotheriines
Authors: Badiola Ainara , De Vicuña Nahia Jiménez , Perales‐Gogenola Leire , Gómez‐Olivencia Asier 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnoplotheriines (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) were enigmatic, medium‐ to large‐sized ungulates that lived in Western Europe from the late middle Eocene to the earliest Oligocene. The unusual dental and postcranial specializations of these Paleogene mammals have no equivalent in other Cenozoic or contemporaneous artiodactyls on Holarctic landmasses. They appeared abruptly on the Central European Island around the middle to late Eocene transition, but their origin and dispersal through the different areas of the Eocene European archipelago are uncertain. The Iberian fossil record of anoplotheriines is not as well‐known as that of other Western European areas. This study examined anoplotheriine artiodactyl fossils from late Eocene (Priabonian) beds at the Zambrana site (Miranda‐Treviño Basin, Araba/Álava, Spain). We assign them to at least two different species of anoplotheriines, one in the genus Anoplotherium and the other tentatively assigned to the genus Diplobune. In addition, we described the first cranial and dental elements of Anoplotherium from the Iberian Peninsula. These fossils are crucial for establishing the chronological framework of the Iberian site of Zambrana and understanding the biodiversity and paleobiogeography of the European Eocene artiodactyl fauna.
Cystoscopic removal of transvaginal mesh: Long‐term outcomes
Authors: Anderson Katherine , Perrouin‐Verbe Marie‐Aimée , Bridgeman‐Rutledge Lily , Skews Rachel , Hashim Hashim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study's aim is to evaluate the long‐term quality of life and functional outcomes following cystoscopic excision of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) mesh extruded into the urinary tract in women.Patients and MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed of all cases of cystoscopic removal of extruded mesh at our high‐volume tertiary care centre between April 2013 and August 2021. Postoperative patient‐reported outcomes were collected via questionnaires: Urogenital Distress Inventory Short Form (UDI‐6), EQ‐5D‐5L Visual analogue scale, ICIQ‐Satisfaction (ICIQ‐S) and additional questions regarding postoperative sexual function.ResultsDuring the study period, 27 women with a median age of 61 years (45–87) underwent cystoscopic mesh removal surgery using either Ho‐YAG laser (56%) or bipolar loop resection (44%). The most common presentation of mesh extrusion was recurrent urinary tract infections (67%). Other presenting complaints were pain (41%), urinary urgency ± incontinence (41%) and voiding difficulties (18%). Long‐term follow‐up outcomes from 20 patients (median follow‐up: 24 months) showed that mesh removal was rated successful by 80%, and 100% would choose to have the surgery again if in the same situation. Recurrent SUI was reported by 45% of respondents, and urinary urge incontinence was found in 50%. For patients who answered the sexual function questions, 50% reported improved sexual function postmesh removal (6/12).ConclusionsCystoscopic removal of extruded female SUI and POP mesh is associated with high patient satisfaction and low morbidity in appropriately selected patients at 2‐year median follow‐up. A patient‐centred shared decision‐making process is essential in counselling patients regarding options and expected outcomes following mesh removal surgery.
The inhibitory potential of chemical constituents of Ficus carica targeting interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) mediated inflammation
Authors: Mansoor Hussaam Ul Haq , Ahmed Abrar , Rasool Fatima 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInflammation is an innate reaction of the body of an individual when subjected to the noxious factors repeatedly. Pharmacological approaches focused at disrupting cytokine signaling networks have become significant therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of inflammatory illnesses, cancer and autoimmune disorders. High levels of inflammatory mediators, particularly interleukin IL‐1, IL‐6, IL‐18, IL‐12, and tumor necrosis factor alpha leads to a cytokine storm in the body. Among all the released cytokines in a patient suffering from inflammatory disorder, IL‐6 mediator has a pivotal role in this inflammatory cascade which progresses to a cytokine storm. Therefore, the blockage of the IL‐6 inflammatory mediator could be a promising treatment option for the patients with hyper inflammatory conditions. The phytochemicals could provide the new lead compounds against the IL‐6 mediator. Ficus carica has been the ideal plant of research and investigation due to its commercial, economic and medical importance. The anti‐inflammatory properties of F. carica were further investigated by in silico and in vivo approaches. The docking scores of Cyanidin‐3,5‐diglucoside, Kaempferol‐7‐O‐rutinoside, Cyanidin‐3‐rhamnoglucoside, and Rutin are −9.231, −8.921, −8.840, and −8.335 Kcal/mole respectively. The free energy of binding and stability of the docked complexes of these top four phytochemicals with the IL‐6 were further analyzed by Molecular Mechanics‐Generalized Born Surface Area and Molecular Dynamic simulations, respectively. The in vivo anti‐inflammatory carrageenan‐induced rat paw edema model was used for the validation of in silico results. The maximum percentage paw edema inhibition with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate was 70.32% and 45.05%, respectively. The in vivo anti‐inflammatory activity confirms the anti‐inflammatory potential of F. carica. Therefore, it is predicted that Cyanidin‐3,5‐diglucoside, Kaempferol‐7‐O‐rutinoside, Cyanidin‐3‐rhamnoglucoside, and Rutin have the potential to inhibit the IL‐6 mediator which will aid in mitigating the cytokine storm in patients with acute inflammations.
Fe3O4@SiO2‐APTES@Isophthaloyl Dichloride/Montmorillonite Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient Removal of Pb2+ and Cd2+
Authors: Yazdani Mohammad Reza , Fozooni Samieh , Khabazzadeh Hojat , Nazarizadeh Elham 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel magnetic nanocomposite for removing Cd2+ and Pb2+ was prepared by surface coating of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), followed by functionalization with isophthaloyl dichloride and hybridization with nano montmorillonite (MMT). The structure of the resulting nanocomposite was determined. The Fe3O4@SiO2‐APTES@isophthaloyl dichloride/MMT nanocomposite was successfully used to remove Cd2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous solutions. Several tests were designed using response surface methodology and the variables were predicted by the reduced quartic model. Absorption parameters such as time, pH, and initial cation concentration were considered as independent variables. The effects of each on the removal of Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions were examined. The efficiency of the model was evaluated by analysis of variance.
Liquid‐Liquid Emulsion Produced by 3D‐Printed Vortex‐Based Hydrodynamic Cavitation Device
Authors: Thaker Abhijeet H. , Boreham Paul , Kourousis Kyriakos I. , Ranade Vivek V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract3D‐printed vortex‐based devices have shown excellent performance in realizing hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and have opened up new ways of effectively producing oil‐in‐water emulsions via cavitation. In this work, the performance of machined and 3D‐printed vortex‐based HC devices for producing liquid‐liquid emulsions was compared in terms of droplet breakage efficiency and energy consumption per kilogram of emulsion. The Euler numbers of 3D‐printed and VMC‐machined HC devices were 42 and 48, respectively. The differences in droplet size distribution and other characteristic diameters were insignificant after 50 passes. The present work confirms the potential of harnessing 3D printing technology for fabricating HC devices and can facilitate development of new device designs to improve overall emulsification performance.
Nucleoside Derivatives of 2,6‐Diaminopurine Antivirals: Base‐Modified Nucleosides with Broad‐Spectrum Antimicrobial Properties
Authors: Grazia Martina Maria , Giammarino Federica , Vicenti Ilaria , Groaz Elisabetta , Rozenski Jef , Incerti Matteo , Sannio Filomena , Docquier Jean Denis , Zazzi Maurizio , Radi Marco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe plethora of viral outbreaks experienced in the last decade, together with the widespread distribution of many re‐emerging and newly emerging viruses, emphasize the urgent need for novel broad‐spectrum antivirals as tools for early intervention in case of future epidemics. Non‐natural nucleosides have been at the forefront for the treatment of infectious diseases for many years and still represent one of the most successful classes of antiviral molecules on the market. In the attempt to explore the biologically relevant chemical space of this class of antimicrobials, we describe herein the development of novel base‐modified nucleosides by converting previously identified 2,6‐diaminopurine antivirals into the corresponding D/L ribonucleosides, acyclic nucleosides and prodrug derivatives. A phenotypic screening against viruses belonging to different families (Flaviviridae, Coronaviridae, Retroviridae) and against a panel of Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, allowed to identify a few interesting molecules with broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activities.
Row spacing, seeding depth, seeding rate, and trinexapac‐ethyl effects on oat yield and lodging
Authors: Studhalter Marion , Janovicek Ken , Kim Jinwook , Byker Holly , Mountain Nathan , Nasielski Joshua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLodging can reduce the yield and quality of oats (Avena sativa L.). Root lodging, as opposed to stem lodging, is the predominant form of lodging in oats. Therefore, identifying management practices that enhance root lodging resistance should be prioritized. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of four management practices on oat grain yield, yield components, grain quality, observed lodging, and plant traits that contribute to root lodging resistance. Row spacing and seeding depth were tested in three oat cultivars across two environments in Ontario, Canada. Seeding rate and the application of the plant growth regulator trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) at different nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates were tested in two‐to‐three oat cultivars across four environments. Lodging occurred naturally in all environments, with root lodging always occurring, sometimes in combination with stem lodging. Under high lodging pressure, shallow seeding increased lodging. Similarly, lodging increased with greater seeding rates when lodging pressure was high. Reducing row spacing had no effect on lodging but was the only management practice to consistently increase grain yield. TE reduced lodging in some environments, especially as N rates increased. Root plate spread, root plate depth, and root safety factor were minimally affected by the management practices studied and had complex interactions with genotype and environment. Among the measured crop traits, plant height had the strongest and most consistent relationship to observed lodging.
Enhancing CO2 Transport Across a PEEK‐Ionene Membrane and Water‐Lean Solvent Interface
Authors: Walter Eric D. , Zhang Difan , Chen Ying , Sung Han Kee , Bazak J. David , Burton Sarah , O'Harra Kathryn , Hoyt David W. , Bara Jason E. , Malhotra Deepika , Allec Sarah I. , Glezakou Vassiliki‐Alexandra , Heldebrant David J. , Rousseau Roger 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEfficient direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 will require strategies to deal with the relatively low concentration in the atmosphere. One such strategy is to employ the combination of a CO2‐selective membrane coupled with a CO2 capture solvent acting as a draw solution. Here, the interactions between a leading water‐lean carbon‐capture solvent, a polyether ether ketone (PEEK)‐ionene membrane, CO2, and combinations were probed using advanced NMR techniques coupled with advanced simulations. We identify the speciation and dynamics of the solvent, membrane, and CO2, presenting spectroscopic evidence of CO2 diffusion through benzylic regions within the PEEK‐ionene membrane, not spaces in the ionic lattice as expected. Our results demonstrate that water‐lean capture solvents provide a thermodynamic and kinetic funnel to draw CO2 from the air through the membrane and into the bulk solvent, thus enhancing the performance of the membrane. The reaction between the carbon‐capture solvent and CO2 produces carbamic acid, disrupting interactions between the imidazolium (Im+) cations and the bistriflimide anions within the PEEK‐ionene membrane, thereby creating structural changes through which CO2 can diffuse more readily. Consequently, this restructuring results in CO2 diffusion at the interface that is faster than CO2 diffusion in the bulk carbon‐capture solvent.
Feasibility of telerehabilitation for heart failure patients inaccessible for outpatient rehabilitation
Authors: Lundgren Kari Margrethe , Langlo Knut Asbjørn Rise , Salvesen Øyvind , Zanaboni Paolo , Cittanti Elisa , Mo Rune , Ellingsen Øyvind , Dalen Håvard , Aksetøy Inger‐Lise Aamot 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsDespite strong recommendations, outpatient cardiac rehabilitation is underused in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. Possible barriers are frailty, accessibility, and rural living, which may be overcome by telerehabilitation. We designed a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility of a 3‐month real‐time, home‐based telerehabilitation, high‐intensity exercise programme for CHF patients who are either unable or unwilling to participate in standard outpatient cardiac rehabilitation and to explore outcomes of self‐efficacy and physical fitness at 3 months post‐intervention.Methods and resultsCHF patients with reduced (≤40%), mildly reduced (41–49%), or preserved ejection fraction (≥50%) (n = 61) were randomized 1:1 to telerehabilitation or control in a prospective controlled trial. The telerehabilitation group (n = 31) received real‐time, home‐based, high‐intensity exercise for 3 months. Inclusion criteria were (i) ≥18 years, (ii) New York Heart Association class II‐III, stable on optimized medical therapy for >4 weeks, and (iii) N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide >300 ng/L. All participants participated in a 2‐day ‘Living with heart failure’ course. No other intervention beyond standard care was provided for controls. Outcome measures were adherence, adverse events, self‐reported outcome measures, the general perceived self‐efficacy scale, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and a 6‐min walk test (6MWT). The mean age was 67.6 (11.3) years, and 18% were women. Most of the telerehabilitation group (80%) was adherent or partly adherent. No adverse events were reported during supervised exercise. Ninety‐six per cent (26/27) reported that they felt safe during real‐time, home‐based telerehabilitation, high‐intensity exercise, and 96% (24/25) reported that, after the home‐based supervised telerehabilitation, they were motivated to participate in further exercise training. More than half the population (15/26) reported minor technical issues with the videoconferencing software. 6MWT distance increased significantly in the telerehabilitation group (19 m, P = 0.02), whereas a significant decrease in VO2peak (−0.72 mL/kg/min, P = 0.03) was observed in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups in general perceived self‐efficacy scale, VO2peak, and 6MWT distance after intervention or at 3 months post‐intervention.ConclusionsHome‐based telerehabilitation was feasible in chronic heart failure patients inaccessible for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation. Most participants were adherent when given more time and felt safe exercising at home under supervision, and no adverse events occurred. The trial suggests that telerehabilitation can increase the use of cardiac rehabilitation, but the clinical benefit of telerehabilitation must be evaluated in larger trials.
Regulation of autophagy by plant‐based polyphenols: A critical review of current advances in glucolipid metabolic diseases and food industry applications
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Quan Wei , Zeng Maomao , Wang Zhaojun , Chen Qiuming , Chen Jie , Christian Mark , He Zhiyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAutophagy is a complex self‐degrading process, and its imbalance adversely affects local (metabolically active organs) or systemic metabolism, resulting in metabolic dysfunction correlated with obesity, fatty liver, and type 2 diabetes. Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites and their ingestion may offer beneficial effects on biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and autophagy. In this review, the effects of plant‐based polyphenols on autophagy and the underlying mechanisms in the regulation of glucolipid metabolic diseases (GLMDs) are examined in the context of potential health benefits. The available evidence, mainly from animal models, strongly supports that polyphenols improve the metabolic functions of different organs by acting on various molecular targets related to autophagic flux. Multiple autophagic pathways, including cAMP, AMPK, MAPK, AKT, SIRT1, PI3K, Nrf2/HO‐1, PINK1/Parkin, PPARδ, and miRNAs have been implicated in the improvement of GLMDs by polyphenols. Moreover, the potential utilization of polyphenol‐meditated autophagy in the food industry was discussed. The current review provides a comprehensive understanding of the prospective role and mechanisms of polyphenol‐regulated autophagy in GLMDs and opens up future insights into its application to the healthcare and food industries.