bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Institutionalizing a New Understanding of Disability in Humanitarian Action at the International Level
Authors: Funke Carolin , Dijkzeul Dennis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis chapter examines the traditional views on disability (e.g., the charity and medical models), how activists, organizations of persons with disability (OPDs), and international organizations made disability a human rights issue, and discusses the central relevance of the CRPD for humanitarian policy and practice. In short, this chapter discusses how and to which extent a human rights model of disability has been institutionalized at the international level.
Translating Disability Inclusion into the Humanitarian System
Authors: Funke Carolin , Dijkzeul Dennis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis chapter studies how the main international actors in the humanitarian system—donors, intergovernmental bodies, and humanitarian organizations—have translated disability inclusion into their policies. After a brief introduction, the second part investigates the policies of the main humanitarian donors. It shows that despite growing attention, donor governments vary considerably in their approaches to disability inclusion and need to improve their translation further. The third part studies translation at the interorganizational level. This part explores how humanitarian organizations work with the four “must-do” action: (1) promote meaningful participation of persons with disabilities, (2) address barriers, (3) exercise data collection and monitoring, and (4) engage in empowerment and capacity building. It reveals that humanitarian organizations only gradually adapt their practices and struggle with considering the diversity of the populations they seek to support. The fourth part of this chapter comparatively describes the measures that individual organizations have taken so far to translate disability inclusion. Finally, a comparative analysis reveals that most donor approaches are too abstract and general for implementation and that the humanitarian organizations need to develop their capacities for disability inclusion further.
Climate Disruptions and the Coming Dark Age
Authors: Pelizzon Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn his opening remarks at the United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP25), held in Madrid at the beginning of December 2019, UN Secretary General António Guterres stated in no uncertain terms that ‘we [i.e. the entirety of humankind] are knowingly destroying the very support systems keeping us alive’. To validate such a radical assertion, Guterres cited the most recent scientific information on the state of the world’s environment (the IPPC Reports), leading him to the realization that a possible path—certainly the darkest—ahead of humanity is one ‘of surrender, [one] where we have sleepwalked past the point of no return, jeopardizing the health and safety of everyone on this planet … If we don’t urgently change our way of life’ Guterres concluded, ‘we jeopardize life itself’. The sense of urgency conveyed by the UN Secretary General’s words is far from a single, isolated cry to attention. On the contrary, the idea of a veritable climate apocalypse pervades the current global discourse, within scientific and political circles as much as within popular culture.
Wild Law
Authors: Pelizzon Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract‘What would happen to the world’, Steb Fisher asks (2013), ‘if, with the snap of our fingers, we shifted all our energy supplies to renewable sources overnight? You might be surprised at the answer: not much, at least for biodiversity and ecosystems’. Bill McKibben also notes that ‘[t]he diminished availability of fossil fuel is not the only limit we face.
Rights of Nature
Authors: Pelizzon Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere are, the authors discussed in the previous chapter have shown, many distinct ways to make law less anthropocentric and more ecocentric: to some, this means the extension of rights of nature and, or, granting nature legal personhood and standing to nature; to others, a stronger application of the precautionary principle, the adoption of notions of sustainability and ecological integrity as guiding principles, both jurisprudentially and legislatively; to others still, the reimagination of the current theoretical and practical approach to property.
Executive Summary
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Nong , Guo Xiaokui , Zhang Xiaoxi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn the last two decades, the globe has faced numerous significant public health crises triggered by zoonotic diseases. Notable instances include the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak from 2002 to 2004, the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa between 2013 and 2016, the spread of the Zika virus in the Americas from 2015 to 2016, and the COVID-19 pandemic starting in 2019. These events underscore the pressing need for a holistic, integrated approach to address these health threats. The global One Health index (GOHI) was introduced to meet this need, emphasizing a collaborative strategy across human, animal, and environmental health domains. This initiative is backed by significant global organizations like the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Organization of Animal Health (WOAH), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Together, they have clearly defined One Health as “an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals and ecosystems”. The GOHI project aims to assess the application and development status of the One Health approach in over 160 countries/territories, intending to enhance its global implementation. The GOHI framework evaluates various aspects, including external, intrinsic, and core drivers of One Health development. Emphasizing a multidisciplinary collaboration, GOHI offers insights into the global performance of the One Health approach, highlighting areas for improvement. Its ultimate goal is to guide nations in adopting effective strategies, optimizing health practices, and formulating policies that encompass the intricate interplay between humans, animals, and the environment.
Methodology
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Nong , Guo Xiaokui , Zhang Xiaoxi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe global One Health index (GOHI) is a comprehensive measure developed to assess the integrated approach to human, animal, and environmental health. The construction of GOHI involves five steps: (i) framework formulation, (ii) indicator selection, (iii) database building, (iv) weight determination, and (v) GOHI score calculation. To ensure its reliability, a GOHI expert advisory committee was established, drawing expertise from diverse fields such as human medicine, veterinary science, and environmental science. The foundational principles of GOHI are based on the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, the holistic perspective required to address global health challenges, and the promotion of coordinated development within these systems. The GOHI framework consists of three layers: external drivers index (EDI) assessing factors influencing One Health’s evolution, intrinsic drivers index (IDI) evaluating practices across human, animal, and environmental interfaces, and core drivers index (CDI) measuring the management of key scientific areas, such as zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance, food security, climate change, and governance, etc. Indicator selection was guided by expert consultations and literature reviews, ensuring they are relevant, accessible, and globally comparable. The fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to assign weights to the indicators, and scores were normalized using specific equations to derive the overall GOHI score. The GOHI serves as a pivotal tool for global health evaluation, promoting a more integrated approach to address health challenges.
Findings and Recommendations
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Nong , Guo Xiaokui , Zhang Xiaoxi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe global One Health index (GOHI) study provides an extensive assessment of health interrelations among humans, animals, and the environment. Globally, the average GOHI score is 54.82, signaling substantial room for improvement. The study reveals marked disparities in GOHI scores across various regions and countries, suggesting uneven performances in managing health issues in the interface of human, animal and ecosystem. In examining specific nations, Oman’s commendable efforts in animal and environmental health contrast its human health performance, while Singapore excels in human health but lags in environmental health. Among the GOHI-Governance indicators, consensus-oriented methods score highest, but the formation of specialized One Health associations is lacking. The GOHI-Zoonoses score is notable, but the route of transmission indicator highlights weaknesses in managing zoonotic disease pathways. These findings underscore the need for robust international cooperation, enhanced data sharing mechanisms, and the translation of One Health research into actionable policies. The study’s limitations include potential data collection biases and the need for further validation of the GOHI framework.
Using phenomic selection to predict hybrid values with NIR spectra measured on the parental lines: proof of concept on maize
Authors: Rincent Renaud , Solin Junita , Lorenzi Alizarine , Nunes Laura , Griveau Yves , Pirus Ludivine , Kermarrec Dominique , Bauland Cyril , Reymond Matthieu , Moreau Laurence 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Key message
Phenomic selection based on parental spectra can be used to predict GCA and SCA in a sparse factorial design.

Abstract
Prediction approaches such as genomic selection can be game changers in hybrid breeding. They allow predicting the genetic values of hybrids without the need for their physical production. This leads to significant reductions in breeding cycle length, and so to the increase in genetic progress. However, these methods are often underutilized in breeding programs due to the substantial cost involved in genotyping thousands of candidate parental lines annually. To address this limitation, we propose a cost-effective alternative based on phenomic selection, where genotyping of parental lines is replaced by NIR spectroscopy. Standard prediction models are then applied for genomic and phenomic selection, using similarity matrices derived from either genotyping data (genomic selection) or NIR spectral data (phenomic selection). Our hypothesis is that the chemical composition of parental tissues captured by NIRS reflects the genetic similarity between parental lines. We evaluated both strategies using a sparse factorial design, whose hybrids have been phenotyped in a multi-environment trial network, and with NIR spectra acquired on the parental lines on two independent environments. Both genomic and phenomic prediction approaches demonstrated moderate-to-high predictive abilities across various cross-validation scenarios. Our results also showcase the capability of phenomic selection to predict Mendelian sampling. This study serves as a proof of concept that low-cost high-throughput phenomics of parental lines can effectively be used to predict maize hybrids in independent trials. This paves the way for widespread adoption of prediction approaches at the very first stages of hybrid breeding, benefiting both major and orphan species.
Conformal Field Theory, Solitons, and Elliptic Calogero–Sutherland Models
Authors: Berntson Bjorn K. , Langmann Edwin , Lenells Jonatan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We construct a non-chiral conformal field theory (CFT) on the torus that accommodates a second quantization of the elliptic Calogero–Sutherland (eCS) model. We show that the CFT operator that provides this second quantization defines, at the same time, a quantum version of a soliton equation called the non-chiral intermediate long-wave (ncILW) equation. We also show that this CFT operator is a second quantization of a generalized eCS model which can describe arbitrary numbers of four different kinds of particles; we propose that these particles can be identified with solitons of the quantum ncILW equation.
First Passage Percolation, Local Uniqueness for Interlacements and Capacity of Random Walk
Authors: Prévost Alexis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The study of first passage percolation (FPP) for the random interlacements model has been initiated in Andres and Prévost (Ann Appl Probab 34(2):1846–1895), where it is shown that on

$$\mathbb {Z}^d$$

Z

d

,

$$d\ge 3$$

d
≥
3

, the FPP distance is comparable to the graph distance with high probability. In this article, we give an asymptotically sharp lower bound on this last probability, which additionally holds on a large class of transient graphs with polynomial volume growth and polynomial decay of the Green function. When considering the interlacement set in the low-intensity regime, the previous bound is in fact valid throughout the near-critical phase. In low dimension, we also present two applications of this FPP result: sharp large deviation bounds on local uniqueness of random interlacements, and on the capacity of a random walk in a ball.
Rigidity Aspects of Penrose’s Singularity Theorem
Authors: Galloway Gregory , Ling Eric 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we study rigidity aspects of Penrose’s singularity theorem. Specifically, we aim to answer the following question: if a spacetime satisfies the hypotheses of Penrose’s singularity theorem except with weakly trapped surfaces instead of trapped surfaces, then what can be said about the global spacetime structure if the spacetime is null geodesically complete? In this setting, we show that we obtain a foliation of MOTS which generate totally geodesic null hypersurfaces. Depending on our starting assumptions, we obtain either local or global rigidity results. We apply our arguments to cosmological spacetimes (i.e., spacetimes with compact Cauchy surfaces) and scenarios involving topological censorship.
Examining Truth Regimes Reveals How Local Communities View Flooding and River Management in the Lower Missouri River Basin, USA
Authors: Catalano Angela J. , Hall Damon M. , Gentil Gerardo M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRiverine flooding is increasing in frequency and intensity, requiring river management agencies to consider new approaches to working with communities on flood mitigation planning. Communication and information sharing between agencies and communities is complex, and mistrust and misinformation arise quickly when communities perceive that they are excluded from planning. Subsequently, riverfront community members create narratives that can be examined as truth regimes—truths created and repeated that indicate how flooding and its causes are understood, represented, and discussed within their communities—to explain why flooding occurs in their area. To better understand community perceptions of river management related to repeated flooding, we employed a qualitative methodology of semi-structured interviews with 112 community members in 3 communities on the Missouri River, USA. Discourse analysis of the interviews revealed three dominant truth regimes that shape perceptions of river management in these communities: (1) upstream reservoir releases are driven by recreational aims, such as fishing and boating within reservoirs, instead of downstream flood control; (2) endangered species protection surpasses other river values and flood management; and (3) river navigation for commerce is no longer prioritized. For environmental managers, understanding the truth regimes circulating within local affected communities can help moderate mistrust of and frustration with governing bodies, guide project messaging to disarm false truth regimes, and improve the communication of river science, management options and policy implementation.
Fatigue patterns surrounding biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug injection in patients with an inflammatory rheumatic disease: an ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: van Lint Jette A. , Vriezekolk Johanna E. , Jessurun Naomi T. , den Broeder Alfons A. , van den Bemt Bart J. F. , Huiskes Victor J. B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigated severity, course and patterns of fatigue surrounding subcutaneous biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) injection in inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD) patients using ecological momentary assessments and investigated self-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs). In this prospective cohort study, IRD patients completed fatigue severity numeric rating scales (0–10) in web-based ecological momentary assessments in three waves of five days surrounding bDMARD injection. The course of fatigue was measured by the change in fatigue from pre-dosing to post-dosing scores and was classified as: worsening, improving or no clinically relevant change. A pattern was defined as a course of worsening, improving or no clinically relevant change in fatigue in at least two out of three waves for patients completing assessments across all three waves. ADRs could be reported on day five of each wave. In total 609 participants completed ecological momentary assessments surrounding 1541 bDMARD injections. Overall average fatigue severity across all three waves was 4.5 (± SD 2.4) and 78% experienced severe fatigue in at least one assessment. Of 398 patients completing all three waves, 61% had no clinically relevant change in fatigue in at least two out of three waves, 13% had a pattern of worsening fatigue and 18% had a pattern of improving fatigue. Of 398 patients, 36% had a consistent pattern in all three waves. IRD patients using a bDMARD may consistently experience specific fatigue patterns surrounding bDMARD administration. These patterns provide insights for clinical practice and could be used to inform patients properly.
Let the fish do the cropping: identifying fish grazers to improve coral aquaculture
Authors: Neil Rachel C. , Heyward Andrew , Bourne David G. , Humphrey Craig 
Published: January 2025

AbstractControlling the growth of fouling organisms in coral aquaculture is a recognised approach to enhance survival during grow-out of recruits. Herbivorous fish can reduce algae growth, though indiscriminate grazing by the fish pose a risk to the early life stages of corals. To identify a suitable age or size to introduce fish to coral recruit culture, settlement tiles with 1-week-old, single-polyp and 1-month-old, multi-polyp Acropora millepora, Acropora kenti and Goniastrea retiformis were exposed to “brusher”, “cropper” and “concealed cropper” fish grazers for 24 h, in addition to a manual aquarist cleaned treatment and a control uncleaned treatment for comparison. In general, acroporid recruits displayed lower mortality than Goniastrea recruits across all types of grazing, and younger, smaller recruits were more vulnerable to grazing, with the “brusher” fish functional group more likely to cause mortality. Morality was low in the uncleaned controls for all corals, whilst single-polyp recruits generally saw slightly elevated mortality under manual aquarist cleaning. Grazing by the “brusher” Ctenochaetus binotatus resulted in the highest mortality across all treatments with week old, single-polyp recruits experiencing 2.5% and 8.6% mortality for A. millepora and A. kenti, respectively, and as high as 88.9% mortality for G. retiformis. In contrast, month old acroporids that were 2–7 polyps in size displayed < 1% probability of mortality when exposed to the same C. binotatus grazing. Grazing intensity of the fish also played a role, as fish belonging to the same functional group with higher bite rates caused higher recruit mortality. Overall, “cropper” Acanthurus nigrofuscus represented the best trade-off between minimising recruit mortality whilst reducing algae coverage on the settlement tiles. Based on our results and knowledge of coral recruit growth, coral grow-out operations would gain the most benefit by introducing fish grazers once corals reach the multi-polyp stage at > 1 month old for acroporids and other fast growing species, and later for smaller, slower growing species such as G. retiformis.
Optimization of Gibberellic Acid Production from Fusarium incarnatum and Its Effect on Zea mays Growth Promotion and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Mahmoud Ghada Abd-Elmonsef , Sabra Mayada A. , Mohamed Abdallah E. , Darwish Khaled Mohamed , Gaber Dalia A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEndophytic fungi are a significant group of fungi found in various ecosystems, producing significant secondary metabolites with economic applications. The study aims to extract gibberellic acid from endophytic fungi, optimize its production using low-cost agriculture residues, and apply it to plants. Endophytic fungi were isolated from onion leaves, screened for gibberellic acid production, and the highest producer was identified by morphological and molecular tools. The production was optimized using three levels Box–Behnken design, and the hormone was applied to maize seeds at concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 ppm. Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, F. incarnatum, and F. camptoceras produced gibberellic acid at concentrations from 3.04 to 36.33 mg/l, with the highest production by F. incarnatum-ASU19 (MK387876). The optimal parameters increased the production significantly (R2 0.9974) to 166.81 mg/l using 20 g/l sugarcane bagasse, 35 °C incubation temperature, and seven days of incubation. Increased gibberellic acid concentrations induced morphological characteristics, chlorophyll, flavonoids, and total antioxidants in maize compared to controls without GA3 addition. In conclusion, the endophytic fungus Fusarium incarnatum demonstrates significant potential for gibberellic acid production from low-cost agricultural residues. This bioprocess not only promotes a cleaner environment but also enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stress and positively influences agricultural productivity.
Evaluation of the risk factors for postoperative pectus excavatum and scoliosis in cystic lung disease
Authors: Takahisa Tainaka , Chiyoe Shirota , Wataru Sumida , Satoshi Makita , Hizuru Amano , Yoko Kano , Akihiro Yasui , Daiki Kato , Takuya Maeda , Yousuke Gohda , Hiroki Ishii , Kazuki Ota , Akinari Hinoki , Hiroo Uchida 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the frequency and predictive factors of the development of postoperative pectus excavatum and scoliosis in children who underwent surgery for cystic lung disease.

Methods
This study examined patients who underwent surgery for cystic lung disease (open and thoracoscopic) between July 2000 and December 2018 with a > 3-year follow-up period. Lesion size, surgical outcomes, and subsequent musculoskeletal complications were compared between the open surgery and thoracoscopic surgery groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictive factors.

Results
Overall, 90 patients (19 and 71 patients in the open and thoracoscopic groups, respectively) were included in this study. There was no significant difference in the incidence of pectus excavatum or scoliosis between open and thoracoscopic surgery; however, Haller’s index and Cobb angle were significantly higher in the open surgery group. In the univariate analysis, neonatal surgery and lesion size were substantial predictors of musculoskeletal malformations.

Conclusion
Postoperative musculoskeletal deformities emerge after surgical treatment for cystic lung disease, with thoracoscopic surgery showing advantages in selected dimensions. Neonatal surgery and lesion size are pivotal prognostic factors for musculoskeletal complications. Further corroborative multicenter studies are imperative to substantiate these findings and foster enhanced patient outcomes.