bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sericin/crocetin micro/nanoparticles for nucleus pulposus cells regeneration: An “active” drug delivery system
Authors: Bari Elia , Perteghella Sara , Rassu Giovanna , Gavini Elisabetta , Petretto Giacomo Luigi , Bonferoni Maria Cristina , Giunchedi Paolo , Torre Maria Luisa 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Initiation and progression of intervertebral disk degeneration are linked to oxidative stress, with reactive oxygen species being a key factor. Therefore, as a potentially novel approach able to regenerate the damaged intervertebral disk, this work aimed to prepare an “active per sé” drug delivery system by combining sericin and crocetin: both are bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulant and regenerative properties.Methods: In detail, sericin nanoparticles were prepared using crocetin as a cross-linker; then, the nanoparticle dispersions were dried by spray drying as it is (NP), with an excess of sericin (NPS) or crocin/crocetin (NPMix), obtaining three microparticle formulations.Results and Discussion: Before drying, the nanoparticles were nanometric (about 250 nm), with a negative surface charge, and appeared spherical and smooth. Following the drying process, spherical and smooth microparticles were obtained, with a mean diameter of about 1.7–2.30 μm. NPMix was the most active in antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities, likely due to the excess of crocin/crocetin, while NPS had the best anti-elastase activity, likely due to sericin in excess. Furthermore, all the formulations could prevent oxidative stress damage on nucleus pulposus cells, with NPMix being the best. Overall, the intrinsic anti-tyrosinase and anti-elastase activities and the ability to protect from oxidative stress-induced damages justify future investigations of these “active per sé” formulations in treating or preventing intervertebral disk degeneration.
Pedal cadence does not affect muscle damage to eccentric cycling performed at similar mechanical work
Authors: Ueda Hisashi , Saegusa Riki , Tsuchiya Yosuke , Ochi Eisuke 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate muscle damage when performing equal mechanical work of fast and slow pedaling speed by eccentric muscle actions (ECCs) cycling.Methods: Nineteen young men [mean ± standard deviation (SD) age: 21.0 ± 2.2 years; height: 172.7 ± 5.9 cm; and body mass: 70.2 ± 10.5 kg] performed maximal effort of ECCs cycling exercise with fast speed (Fast) and slow speed trials (Slow). First, subjects performed the Fast for 5 min by one leg. Second, Slow performed until the total mechanical work was equal to that generated during Fast other one leg. Changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque of knee extension, isokinetic pedaling peak torque (IPT), range of motion (ROM), muscle soreness, thigh circumference, muscle echo intensity, and muscle stiffness were assessed before exercise, and immediately after exercise, and 1 and 4 days after exercise.Results: Exercise time was observed in the Slow (1422.0 ± 330.0 s) longer than Fast (300.0 ± 0.0 s). However, a significant difference was not observed in total work (Fast:214.8 ± 42.4 J/kg, Slow: 214.3 ± 42.2 J/kg). A significant interaction effect was not observed in peak values of MVC torque (Fast:1.7 ± 0.4 Nm/kg, Slow: 1.8 ± 0.5 Nm/kg), IPT, muscle soreness (Fast:4.3 ± 1.6 cm, Slow: 4.7 ± 2.9 cm). In addition, ROM, circumference, muscle thickness, muscle echo intensity, and muscle stiffness also showed no significant interaction.Conclusion: The magnitude of muscle damage is similar for ECCs cycling with equal work regardless of velocity.
Predicting implementation of the PAX Good Behavior Game + MyTeachingPartner interventions
Authors: Braun Summer S. , Bradshaw Catherine P. , Beahm Lydia A. , Budavari Alexa C. , Downer Jason , Ialongo Nicholas S. , Tolan Patrick H. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionEffective classroom management is critical to creating a classroom environment in which social, emotional, and academic learning can take place. The present study investigated the association between early career, early elementary teachers’ occupational health (job stress, burnout, and perceived teaching ability) and perceptions of program feasibility in relation to their implementation dosage and quality of two evidence-based classroom management programs implemented together: the PAX Good Behavior Game (GBG) and MyTeachingPartner (MTP) intervention.MethodsTeachers provided information on their occupational health at the start of the school year and were then randomized to the PAX GBG + MTP condition or control condition. Teachers’ perceptions of the feasibility of the program, implementation dosage, and implementation quality of the intervention were measured at the end of the school year for the 94 intervention teachers.ResultsTeachers participated in more MTP coaching cycles when they reported that the combined PAX GBG + MTP program was feasible. Although there were no main effects of occupational health on implementation, the associations between job stress and implementation quality were moderated by perceptions of feasibility.DiscussionFindings highlight the complexity of factors influencing the implementation of evidence-based programs in school settings.
Visual and haptic cues in processing occlusion
Authors: Takeichi Hiroshige , Taniguchi Keito , Shigemasu Hiroaki 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAlthough shape is effective in processing occlusion, ambiguities in segmentation can also be addressed using depth discontinuity given visually and haptically. This study elucidates the contribution of visual and haptic cues to depth discontinuity in processing occlusion.MethodsA virtual reality experiment was conducted with 15 students as participants. Word stimuli were presented on a head-mounted display for recognition. The central part of the words was masked with a virtual ribbon placed at different depths so that the ribbon appeared as an occlusion. The visual depth cue was either present with binocular stereopsis or absent with monocular presentation. The haptic cue was either missing, provided consecutively, or concurrently, by actively tracing a real off-screen bar edge that was positionally aligned with the ribbon in the virtual space. Recognition performance was compared between depth cue conditions.ResultsWe found that word recognition was better with the stereoscopic cue but not with the haptic cue, although both cues contributed to greater confidence in depth estimation. The performance was better when the ribbon was at the farther depth plane to appear as a hollow, rather than when it was at the nearer depth plane to cover the word.DiscussionThe results indicate that occlusion is processed in the human brain by visual input only despite the apparent effectiveness of haptic space perception, reflecting a complex set of natural constraints.
How do contract performance rates affect entrepreneurs’ risk-averse attitudes? Evidence from China
Authors: Sun Zenan , Lu Shen , Huang Man , Zhuang Jincai , Vaca Lucero Andrea Maria , Osei Charles Dwumfour 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionEntrepreneurs’ attitudes toward risk is one of the most critical factors influencing business growth and economic development. Therefore, addressing the influencing factors and formation mechanisms of entrepreneurs’ risk attitudes has become a crucial research endeavor. In this paper, we examine how contract performance rates affect entrepreneurs’ risk attitudes through the mediating effect of subjective well-being as well as assess the moderating effect of the regional business environment on this relationship.MethodsThe ordered probit regression technique was employed to analyze the data obtained from 3,660 sampled respondents from the 2019 China Household Finance Survey. All analysis was performed using Stata 15.0.ResultsThe empirical results show that contract performance rates have a substantial positive indirect effect on entrepreneurs’ degree of risk aversion through improved subjective well-being. The regional business environment plays a negative regulatory role in the relationship between contract performance rates and entrepreneurs’ risk aversion. Furthermore, urban–rural heterogeneity appears to consistently determine the extent of the influence of contract performance rates on entrepreneurs’ risk attitudes.ConclusionTo reduce entrepreneurs’ risk aversion and enhance social and economic activity, the government should improve regional business environments by taking specific measures. Our study contributes to the empirical understanding of entrepreneurs’ investment decisions in the context of urban and rural environments.
Attention bias modification for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xia Hai-sha , Li Yu-xi , Zhang Qing-yun , Zhong Dong-ling , Liu Xiao-bo , Gou Xin-yun , Fan Jin , Zhao Jing , Zhang Yue , Ai Shuang-chun , Huang Jia-xi , Li Juan , Jin Rong-jiang 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundDepression is a mental health disorder characterized by affective, somatic, and cognitive symptoms. Attention bias modification (ABM) has been widely used to treat depression. However, the results seem inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of ABM for depression and to explore the optimal protocol of ABM.MethodsSeven databases were systematically searched from their inceptions to 5 October 2022 to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ABM for depression. Two independent reviewers selected the eligible articles, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (ROB 2.0) for randomized trials. The primary outcome was the evaluation of depressive symptoms using widely accepted and validated scales. The secondary outcomes included rumination and attentional control. Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan (version 5.4) and Stata (version 12.0). Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).ResultsA total of 19 trials involving 20 datasets (1,262 participants) were included. The overall risk of bias in one study was rated as low risk of bias, three studies were considered as high, and the remaining studies were some concerns. Compared with attention control training (ACT), ABM had a greater effect in the improvement of depression (SMD = −0.48, 95% CI −0.80 to −0.17, I2 = 82%) and rumination (MD = −3.46, 95% CI −6.06 to −0.87, I2 = 0%). No significant differences were observed in the attentional control outcome between ABM and ACT (MD = 3.07, 95% CI −0.52 to 6.65, I2 = 0%). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that adults exhibited a greater decrease in depression scores than adolescents. ABM using the dot-probe task, training target stimulus presented by face, and training directions by left–right were associated with better antidepressant effects. ABM training delivered in the laboratory tended to yield a better effect than those conducted at home. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were robust. The certainty of the evidence for all outcomes was low or very low, and publication bias may exist.ConclusionDue to high heterogeneity and limited studies, not enough current evidence supported that ABM could be an effective intervention to relieve depressive symptoms. More rigorous RCTs are required to verify the benefits and to explore the optimal protocol of ABM training for depression.Systematic Review Registration: [PROSPERO], identifier [No. CRD42021279163].
Risk factors for poor sleep quality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in China: A multicenter study
Authors: Zeng Suqi , Liu Chuan , Zhang Jixiang , An Ping , Liu Zhongchun , Jiang Changqing , Shi Jie , Wu Kaichun , Dong Weiguo 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for poor sleep quality in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.Methods2,478 IBD patients were enrolled to investigate their sleep quality using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Clinical and psychological characteristics were collected to explore the risk factors for poor sleep quality. A hurdle model was conducted to predict poor sleep quality based on the risk factors. Among this hurdle model, the logistic regression model was used to determine risk factors of the presence of poor sleep quality, and the zero-inflated negative binomial model was employed to identify risk factors of the severity of poor sleep quality.ResultsIn this study, 1,491 (60.17%) IBD patients had poor sleep quality, and the proportion in the older group was higher than younger group (64.89% vs. 58.27%, p = 0.003). According to multivariable logistic regression, age (OR, 1.011; 95% CI [1.002,1.020]; p = 0.014), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score (OR, 1.263; 95% CI [1.228,1.300]; p &lt; 0.001), systemic (OR, 0.906; 95% CI [0.867,0.946]; p &lt; 0.001) and emotional performance (OR, 1.023; 95% CI [1.005,1.043]; p = 0.015) were risk factors of the presence of poor sleep quality. The area under the curve (AUC) of the prediction model was 0.808. According to zero-truncated negative binomial regression, age (RR, 1.004; 95% CI [1.002,1.005]; p &lt; 0.001) and PHQ-9 score (RR, 1.027; 95% CI [1.021,1.032]; p &lt; 0.001) were risk factors of the severity of poor sleep quality.ConclusionThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among the older group in IBD patients was relatively high. Old age and depressive mood are risk factors for both the presence and severity of poor sleep quality.
Altruistic responses to the most vulnerable involve sensorimotor processes
Authors: Vickers Brian D. , Seidler Rachael D. , Stansfield R. Brent , Weissman Daniel H. , Preston Stephanie D. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionWhy do people help strangers? Prior research suggests that empathy motivates bystanders to respond to victims in distress. However, this work has revealed relatively little about the role of the motor system in human altruism, even though altruism is thought to have originated as an active, physical response to close others in immediate need. We therefore investigated whether a motor preparatory response contributes to costly helping.MethodsTo accomplish this objective, we contrasted three charity conditions that were more versus less likely to elicit an active motor response, based on the Altruistic Response Model. These conditions described charities that (1) aided neonates versus adults, (2) aided victims requiring immediate versus preparatory support, and (3) provided heroic versus nurturant aid. We hypothesized that observing neonates in immediate need would elicit stronger brain activation in motor-preparatory regions.ResultsConsistent with an evolutionary, caregiving-based theory of altruism, participants donated the most to charities that provided neonates with immediate, nurturant aid. Critically, this three-way donation interaction was associated with increased BOLD signal and gray matter volume in motor-preparatory regions, which we identified in an independent motor retrieval task.DiscussionThese findings advance the field of altruism by shifting the spotlight from passive emotional states toward action processes that evolved to protect the most vulnerable members of our group.
App-based oral health promotion interventions on modifiable risk factors associated with early childhood caries: A systematic review
Authors: Ajay Kamalapriya , Azevedo Liane B. , Haste Anna , Morris Alexander John , Giles Emma , Gopu Banu Preethi , Subramanian Murali Perumbakkam , Zohoori Fatemeh Vida 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEarly childhood caries (ECC) is a preventable chronic disease. Parents’ knowledge and attitudes toward oral healthcare have been associated with higher caries experience in their children. Mobile apps within the context of mHealth interventions are a potential tool for raising awareness and informing parents about their children's oral health.ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of mobile health apps, targeted at parents and caregivers, for the prevention of ECC.Data sourcesA systematic search was carried out in five scientific databases; Embase, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science.Study selection and data extractionOriginal studies, delivering oral health interventions to parents of children &lt;6 years via smartphones, were included. Both quantitative and qualitative findings from the included studies were extracted.SynthesisA convergent segregated approach was used to integrate the quantitative and qualitative evidence, followed by side-by-side display and narrative synthesis.ResultsOut of 5,953 retrieved articles, five met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Three articles reported quantitative findings, while two reported both quantitative and qualitative findings. Four studies reported that a mobile app can be an effective tool to improve the oral health knowledge of parents/caregivers, aiding them in incorporating good oral health habits into their children's daily routines.ConclusionThis review demonstrated that oral health promotion programs delivered through mobile apps to parents could be effective in improving child oral health awareness among parents. There is a need for more high-quality studies with a large number of participants to find out which features of mHealth interventions with parents could effectively be employed to reduce the prevalence of ECC. Further studies and apps should be developed based on evidence-based behaviour change techniques and incorporate features such as gamification to increase the effectiveness and engagement of the target population.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?], identifier [CRD42021268331].
The comparison and use of tools for quantification of antimicrobial use in Indonesian broiler farms
Authors: Anwar Sani Rianna , Wagenaar Jaap A. , Dinar Tagrid E. H. A. , Sunandar Sunandar , Nurbiyanti Nofita , Suandy Imron , Pertela Gian , Jahja Elvina J. , Purwanto Budi ,   CORNERSTONE group, Geijlswijk Ingeborg M. van , Speksnijder David C. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionIndonesia has a large broiler industry with extensive antimicrobial use (AMU) according to empirical evidence. However, there are no quantitative data of on-farm AMU. Quantification of AMU at farm level is crucial to guide interventions on antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). The objective of this study was to compare on-farm AMU monitoring methods, to assess which monitoring method is best suited to gain insight in the quantitative AMU at farm level in medium-scale Indonesian broiler farms.MethodAMU was calculated using four different indicators—mg/PCU (mass-based), TFUDDindo (Treatment Frequency of Used Daily Dose, dose-based), TFDDDvet (Treatment Frequency of Defined Daily Dose, dose-based), and TFcount − based (count-based)—for the total AMU of 98 production cycles with an average length of 30 days.ResultsBroilers were exposed to an average of 10 days of antimicrobial treatments per production cycle, whereas 60.8% of the antimicrobials belonged to the Highest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials (HPCIAs). For each pair of indicators, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was calculated to assess if the production cycles were ranked consistently in increasing AMU across the different indicators. The correlation varied between 0.4 and 0.8.DiscussionThis study illustrates the considerable difference in the ranking of AMU between the different indicators. In a setting comparable to medium-scale broiler farms in Indonesia, where resources are scarce and there is no professional oversight, the TFcount − based method is best suitable. Before implementing an AMU monitoring method, careful consideration of the use-indicators is paramount to achieve fair benchmarking.
An Umbrella Review of the Best and Most Up-to-Date Evidence on the Built Environment and Physical Activity in Older Adults ≥60 Years
Authors: Stearns Jodie A. , Avedzi Hayford M , Yim Desmond , Spence John C. , Labbaf Farshad , Lamboglia Carminda G. , Ko Fiona , Farmer Ciara , Lytvyak Ellina , Kennedy Megan , Kim Yeong-Bae , Ren Hui , Lee Karen K. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To present the best and most up-to-date evidence on associations between built environment (BE) attributes and overall and specific domains of physical activity (PA) (i.e., leisure, transport, walking, and cycling) in older adults (≥60 years).Methods: An umbrella review was undertaken to compile evidence from systematic reviews using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A comprehensive search (updated 16 August 2022), inclusion/exclusion of articles via title/abstract and full-text reviews, data extraction, and critical appraisal were completed. Only reviews with a good critical appraisal score were included.Results: Across three included systematic reviews, each BE attribute category was positively associated with ≥1 PA outcome. A larger number of significant associations with BE attributes were reported for transport walking (13/26), total walking (10/25), and total PA (9/26), compared to leisure walking (4/34) and transport cycling (3/12). Fewer associations have been examined for leisure cycling (1/2).Conclusion: Although the causality of findings cannot be concluded due to most primary studies being cross-sectional, these best and most up-to-date findings can guide necessary future longitudinal and experimental studies for the (re)design of age-friendly communities.
Hydrothermal Mixed Convection in a Split-Lid-Driven Triangular Cavity Suspended by NEPCM
Authors: Younis Obai , Ahmed Sameh E. , Abderrahmane Aissa , Alenazi Abdulaziz , Hassan Ahmed M. 
Published: March 2023

A numerical investigation of the magnetohydrodynamics of a mixed convection of nano-enhanced phase change material (NEPCM) within a triangular chamber containing an elliptical heat source is presented in this article. The forced convection has resulted from the movement of the upper cavity, while the free convection is due to the temperature difference between the heat source and cold inclined sidewalls. Four cases are considered based on the directions of the moving of the upper wall parts, namely, Case 1, where the left part is moving in the positive direction of the X-axis and the right part moves in the opposite direction (1(+−)), Case 2, where the two parts move in the positive direction of the X-axis (2(++)), Case 3, where the two parts move in the negative direction of the X-axis (3(− −)), and Case 4, where the left part moves in the negative direction of the X-axis and the right part moves in the negative direction (4(−+)). The Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) is employed for addressing the governing equations of the system under study. The impacts of the Reynolds number (1≤Re≤100), the inclination angle of the elliptic heat source (0≤γ≤90), the nanoparticles volume fraction ϕ (0%≤ϕ≤8%) and the movement directions of the parts of the upper wall (four cases) are presented and discussed. The results suggested that increasing Re enhanced the heat transfer rate, while increasing Ha reduced it. The vertical positions of the elliptical heat source resulted in the maximum heat transmission rate. At the highest Re, changing the location of the heat source from horizontal (γ=0) to vertical (γ=90) enhanced the average Nusselt number by 60%, while choosing Case 1 for upper wall movement increased the average Nusselt number by 300% compared to Cases 2 and 3.