Asuhan Keperawatan nyeri sendi akibat asam urat dengan teknik range of motion di Desa Lempasing Kecamatan Teluk Pandan Kabupaten Pesawaran
Authors: Ulandari Elvi , Trismiyana Eka , Wahyudi Wahid Tri 
Published: January 2025

Background : Gout is a disease caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the body. As many as 81% of Indonesia's population suffers from joint disease, but only 24% go to the doctor. The country with the highest number of joint disorders compared to other countries is Indonesia. The results of interviews with the Lempasing Health Center found that gout was ranked fourth in the Lempasing community with a total of 50 people in 2023.
Purpose : To provide nursing care for gout-related joint pain with the range of motion (ROM) technique.
Method : This research design uses descriptive research with a nursing care approach, which includes assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation and evaluation. Interventions include teaching non-pharmacological techniques: joint range of motion (ROM) exercises, measuring blood pressure, calculating RR, calculating pulse, measuring temperature and checking uric acid levels, advising clients to rest regularly.
Results: After nursing care was carried out for 3 days with a duration of 20 minutes per meeting, it was found that there was a significant decrease in pain felt by both respondents from pain scale 4 and 5 (moderate pain) to 2 and 1 (mild pain).
Conclusion: Range of motion (ROM) techniques can reduce joint pain in gout sufferers.
Suggestion: it is hoped that families with gout sufferers can apply range of motion exercises when sufferers feel pain in their joints due to increased levels of uric acid in the body.
Keywords: Gout; Joint pain; Range of motion (ROM) exercises
Pendahuluan: Asam urat merupakan suatu penyakit yang diakibatkan karena penimbunan kristal monosodium urat didalam tubuh. Sebanyak 81% penduduk Indonesia menderita penyakit persendian, namun hanya 24% yang berobat ke dokter. Negara dengan jumlah gangguan sendi terbanyak dibandingkan negara lain adalah Indonesia. Hasil wawancara dengan pihak puskesmas lempasing didapakan bahwa penyakit asam urat menduduki peringkat keempat diderita oleh masyarakat lempasing dengan jumlah 50 orang pada tahun 2023.
Tujuan: Memberikan asuhan keperawatan nyeri sendi akibat asam urat dengan teknik range of motion (ROM).
Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan, yang meliputi pengkajian, diagnosa keperawatan, intervensi, implementasi dan evaluasi. Intervensi berupa mengajarkan teknik non farmakologi: latihan rentang gerak sendi (ROM), mengukur tekanan darah, menghitung RR, menghitung nadi, mengukur suhu dan mengecekan kadar asam urat, menyarankan partisipan untuk beristirahat teratur.
Hasil: Setelah dilakukan asuhan keperawatan selama 3 hari dengan durasi 20 menit setiap pertemuan, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat penurunan yang signifikan terhadap nyeri yang dirasakan oleh kedua responden dari nyeri skala 4 dan 5 (nyeri sedang) menjadi 2 dan 1 (nyeri ringan).
Simpulan: Teknik range of motion (ROM) dapat menurunkan nyeri sendi pada penderita asam urat.
Saran: diharapkan keluarga dengan penderita asam urat dapat menerapkan latihan range of motion pada saat penderita merasakan nyeri pada persendian akibat meningkatnya kadar asam urat dalam tubuh