bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Driver mental load identification model Adapting to Urban Road Traffic Scenarios
Authors: Huang Jing , Wei Wei , Peng Xiaoyan , Hu Lin , Chen Huiqin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
At present, most research on driver mental load identification is based on a single driving scene. However, the driver mental load model established in a road traffic scene is difficult to adapt to the changes of the surrounding road environment during the actual driving process. We proposed a driver mental load identification model which adapts to urban road traffic scenarios.

Methods
The model includes a driving scene discrimination sub-model and driver load identification sub-model, in which the driving scene discrimination sub-model can quickly and accurately determine the road traffic scene. The driver load identification sub-model selects the best feature subset and the best model algorithm in the scene based on the judgement of the driving scene classification sub-model.

Results
The results show that the driving scene discrimination sub-model using five vehicle features as feature subsets has the best performance. The driver load identification sub-model based on the best feature subset reduces the feature noise, and the recognition effect is better than the feature set using a single source signal and all data. The best recognition algorithm in different scenarios tends to be consistent, and the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is better than the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm.

Conclusion
The proposed driver mental load identification model can discriminate the driving scene quickly and accurately, and then identify the driver mental load. In this way, our model can be more suitable for actual driving and improve the effect of driver mental load identification.
A novel multi-state bogie system reliability evaluation approach by extended d-MC model for high-speed trains
Authors: Fu Yong , Liu Ruoqu , Dai Jisheng , Zhu Wenlong , Liu Xin , Qin Yong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bogie is a pivotal system and plays a critical part in the safety and reliability management of high-speed rail. However, the available bogie system reliability analysis methods lack the consideration of multi-state characteristics, and the common multi-state reliability analysis methods, being an NP-hard problem, lead to low efficiency. In order to overcome these drawbacks, this paper proposes a novel multi-state rail train bogie system reliability analysis approach based on the extended d-MC model. Three different function interactions within the bogie system are considered to build the multi-state bogie system flow network model. Meanwhile, an extended d-MC model is established to remove unnecessary d-MC candidates and duplicates, which greatly enhances the computing efficiency. The bogie system reliability is calculated, and examples are provided. Numerical experiments are carried out for the different operational conditions of the bogie system and are used to test the practicability of the method proposed in this article; it is found that this method outperforms a newly developed method in solving multi-state reliability problems.
Social Norms and Gender Disparities with a Focus on Female Labor Force Participation in South Asia
Authors: Bussolo Maurizio , Ezebuihe Jessy Amarachi , Muñoz Boudet Ana Maria , Poupakis Stavros , Rahman Tasmia , Sarma Nayantara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Despite decades of economic growth, gender disparities in South Asia remain remarkably high. Although not the only one, social norms are a crucial driver of various gender outcomes, including differential economic participation. Using repeated cross-sectional data from nationally representative surveys, this study explores long-term trends across gender outcomes and social norms (contrasting attitudes and social normative expectations towards gender roles) in South Asia. The results corroborate the evidence that there has been almost no progress in gender disparities in South Asia over the past half-century. There has been little progress in female labor force participation, age at first birth, agency, and intimate partner violence, while (basic) education is an important exception. The lack of progress is apparent among all layers of society, including women who live in urban areas, are educated, and have higher incomes. Gender attitudes also remain unchanged, while for some issues, they have become more conservative and have a negative relationship with gender outcomes. This negative relationship is even stronger when social normative expectations are considered. More data on social norms and a better understanding of their constraining role may be critical for achieving gender equality in the region.
Tibetan Artemia (Crustacea: Anostraca) mitogenomic biodiversity and population demographics
Authors: Asem Alireza , Yang Chaojie , Mahmoudi Farnaz , Chen Shao-Ying , Long Ben-Chao , Wang Bo , Fu Chun-Zheng , Hontoria Francisco , Rogers D Christopher , Gajardo Gonzalo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hypersaline lakes in arid and semi-arid areas are unique ecosystems that harbour unique extremophile organisms such as Artemia, the paradigmatic example of adaptation to harsh living conditions. We assessed the mitogenomic biodiversity of Artemia species from the Tibetan Plateau, China, a remote and yet minimally disturbed ecosystem with a variety of hypersaline lakes. Analysis of ten Tibetan salt lakes demonstrated the occurrence of two regionally endemic species, Artemia tibetiana and Artemia sorgeloosi, with the latter being the dominant species with eight localities. Both species coexist in Jingyu and Jibu lakes, representing the first case of natural distribution overlap between sexual Artemia species. Artemia sorgeloosi exhibits higher genetic diversity and interpopulation differences, a result consistent with the heterogeneity of local salt lakes, local Artemia population demographics, and their adaptive potentials. Significant FST values demonstrate a gene flow barrier between A. sorgeloosi populations that is compatible with an ‘island biogeography’ distribution pattern, making the Tibetan Plateau a sort of natural laboratory to study intraspecific population differences. Artemia sorgeloosi and the exotic Artemia franciscana were found coexisting in Yangnapen Lake, demonstrating the ability of this invasive species to colonize high-altitude inland habitats, and the need to monitor its presence and eventual expansion.
Reflecting on Progress in and Establishing Benchmarks for Sex and Gender Health Education
Authors: Barr Elizabeth , Chin Eliza Lo , Newman Connie B. , Rojek Mary K. , Sleeper Rebecca , Temkin Sarah M. , Clayton Janine A. , Kantarci Kejal , Kling Juliana M. , McGregor Alyson J. , Schiebinger Londa , Templeton Kim , Viggiano Thomas R. , Wood Susan F. , Werbinski Jan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sex and gender influence every aspect of human health; thus, sex- and gender-related topics should be incorporated in all aspects of health education curricula. Sex and gender health education (SGHE) is the rigorous, intersectional, data-driven integration of sex and gender into all elements of health education. A multisectoral group of thought leaders has collaborated to advance SGHE since 2012. This cross-sector collaboration to advance SGHE has been successful on several fronts, primarily developing robust interprofessional SGHE programs, hosting a series of international SGHE summits, developing sex- and gender-specific resources, and broadening the collaboration beyond medical education. However, other deeply entrenched challenges have proven more difficult to address, including accurate and consistent sex and gender reporting in research publications, broadening institutional support for SGHE, and the development and implementation of evaluation plans for assessing learner outcomes and the downstream effects of SGHE on patient care. This commentary reflects on progress made in SGHE over the first decade of the current collaboration (2012–2022), articulates a vision for next steps to advance SGHE, and proposes 4 benchmarks to guide the next decade of SGHE: (1) integrate sex, gender, and intersectionality across health curricula; (2) develop sex- and gender-specific resources for health professionals; (3) improve sex and gender reporting in research publications; and (4) develop evaluation plans to assess learner and patient outcomes.
Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Classification and Grading
Authors: Pirog Edyta Catalina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cervical adenocarcinomas are a group of malignancies with several distinct histologic tumor types, which include endocervical usual type, endometrioid, intestinal, villoglandular, gastric, signet ring, serous, clear cell, and mesonephric. Diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma, in particular early diagnosis, and classification of the tumor type may pose a significant challenge. The goal of this article is to review the current classification, diagnostic criteria, adjunct markers, and differential diagnosis of various subtypes of cervical adenocarcinomas. The article presents up-to-date summary of such problematic issues as differentiating glandular tumors from benign mimics, differentiating early invasive lesions from adenocarcinoma in situ, determining the tumor type, and, finally, differentiating primary cervical adenocarcinoma from uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Discussion of human papillomavirus detection in different tumor types is provided.
Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Measuring, Staging, and Synoptic Reporting
Authors: McCluggage W. Glenn 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Adenocarcinoma of the cervix is increasing in incidence in relative and real terms given the reduction in cervical squamous carcinomas in many developed countries. In this review, various aspects relating to the pathological staging of cervical carcinomas are discussed with emphasis on adenocarcinomas. These include the distinction between adenocarcinoma in situ and invasive lesions and the measurement of invasive adenocarcinomas; both of these issues are often more difficult than with the corresponding squamous lesions. The measurement of multifocal cervical carcinomas is covered with discussion of the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting recommendations, although these were chiefly proposed for multifocal squamous carcinomas. The issue of adnexal involvement in cervical adenocarcinoma is discussed. A checklist of parameters that should be included on the pathology report of resection specimens of cervical carcinomas is presented, again with particular reference to the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting recommendations. The advantages of synoptic reporting, in comparison to free text reporting, are discussed.
Glandular Pseudoneoplasms of the Uterine Cervix
Authors: Harrison Beth T. , Nucci Marisa R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Several benign glandular lesions of the uterine cervix can mimic malignancy. These glandular pseudoneoplasms include microglandular hyperplasia, lobular and diffuse laminar types of endocervical glandular hyperplasia, tunnel clusters, adenomyoma of endocervical type, mesonephric hyperplasia, ectopic prostate, endometriosis and tuboendometrioid metaplasia, and the Arias-Stella reaction, among others. Each of these entities may show a variety of unusual morphologic features that complicate the diagnosis. This review covers the clinical and pathologic features of this selected group of glandular pseudoneoplasms, as well as the immunohistochemical and molecular markers that distinguish them from premalignant and malignant lesions in the differential diagnosis. New developments in the molecular characterization of the latter are briefly discussed in regard to their potential utility in the diagnosis of selected challenging cases. For example, recurrent KRAS mutations distinguish microglandular-like endometrial adenocarcinoma from microglandular hyperplasia, as well as mesonephric and mesonephric-like carcinomas from mesonephric hyperplasia; a p53 mutant phenotype favors minimal deviation or gastric-type adenocarcinoma over lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (typical), tunnel clusters, endocervical adenomyomas, and other lesions, and p16 positivity has emerged as a very useful marker of human papillomavirus–related neoplasia in the appropriate clinicopathologic setting.
Controversies in Gynecologic Cancer Staging: An AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Eighth Edition Perspective
Authors: Hagemann Ian S. , Cole Lisa L. , Cosin Jonathan A. , Gress Donna M. , Mutch David G. , Olawaiye Alexander B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Staging systems provide a common language to support clinical research and decision making in patients with cancer. The eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual incorporates updates that reflect evolving clinical practices and scientific insights. The present article summarizes changes that have been made for gynecologic subsites and outlines continued challenges. Gynecologic American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer staging continues to conform closely to current International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology staging. The eighth edition is aligned with the major revision made to International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology staging of ovarian cancer in 2014 and contains a unified staging system for ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer. Continuing challenges for ovarian cancer include determining the relative significance of intraoperative rupture, surface involvement, and positive washings, which are rank ordered in the new staging system. Another challenge is assignment of a tubal versus ovarian primary site for high-grade serous carcinoma, which cannot be done in a reliable way. In uterine carcinoma, endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma is now recognized as a T1 cancer, and nodal micrometastases have been defined with their own N stage. Also, isolated tumor cells in lymph nodes have been incorporated in the staging of all gynecologic carcinomas. The staging of uterine sarcoma is largely unchanged. Future revisions may consider grouping these tumors with soft tissue sarcomas at large. Staging of cervical cancer is largely unchanged. Nomenclature of early invasive carcinoma and the challenges in defining tumor dimension in cervical carcinoma are discussed. The nodal staging of vulvar cancer now incorporates a vocabulary for isolated tumor cells and micrometastases. Despite the current interest in molecular staging, the eighth edition expert panel did not identify any specific biomarkers for inclusion in stage classification, but several are recommended for collection as ancillary data elements, including p16 status in vulvar, vaginal, and cervical tumors. In the eighth edition, as in the seventh, anatomic factors remain the cornerstone of gynecologic cancer staging.
Genitourinary Updates in the Eighth Edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual
Authors: Spruill Laura S. , Bruner Evelyn T. , Smith Michael Timothy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The new, eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual has been published, and there are many and significant changes in the staging for genitourinary organs. Pathologists will necessarily need to study the manual to acquire fluency in the staging. The staging changes and philosophy will be applicable in 2018. The TNM process involved remains the same, but some specific definition changes are present. Prostate staging is now very different; whereas prior staging included pT2a, pT2b, and pT2c, now all organ-confined disease is pT2 without consideration of half gland involvement. Staging of penis cancer previously considered urethral involvement but now corpus spongiosum involvement is considered pT2, and corpus cavernosum involvement is considered pT3 disease irrespective of the urethral involvement based on literature evidence. Invasion of the epididymis as a component of testis staging is now considered pT2 rather than pT1. These are just some of the new changes that will require understanding on the part of the pathologist. This article describes the changes and some of the background supportive literature and provides appropriate explanatory illustrations.
Pathologic Staging of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors: What Is New in the Eighth Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual?
Authors: Laurini Javier A. , Cooper Kumarasen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The recently published eighth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual addresses and incorporates a substantial number of advances in our understanding of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. A greater emphasis has been placed on the anatomic site of origin resulting in new staging systems. In addition, modifications to the existing AJCC prognostic stage groups and implementation of new prognostic stage groups for certain anatomic sites and tumor types were made. Minor changes in the biologic grading of bone sarcomas were also included. For retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas, a nomogram providing additional prognostic information has been endorsed by the AJCC Precision Medicine Core and is included as a risk assessment model. Pathologists play a central role in tumor staging and therefore should become familiar with these changes.
Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Salivary Glands: A Practical Review
Authors: Wiles Austin B. , Kraft Adele O. , Powers Celeste N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe usage of real-time ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy by cytopathologists has increased the utility of biopsy in management of patients with salivary gland neoplasms. There is significant overlap between cytologic features of salivary gland neoplasms, and likewise, there is analogous overlap between ultrasound radiologic features of these lesions. However, ultrasound radiologic evaluation can provide important information for the cytopathologist when performing and interpreting a biopsy of a salivary gland neoplasm, including the specific anatomic location and structure of a target lesion. We present a practical guide for using ultrasound evaluation in the biopsy of the salivary glands for the practicing cytopathologist including common pitfalls, common lesional characteristics, and relevant lymph node morphological findings.
Sonographic Breast Mimickers: Examples of Cases Outside the Box
Authors: Sanchez Miguel A. , Burga Ana M. , Tismenetsky Mikhail , Goldfischer Mindy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Ultrasound in breast imaging has enhanced the field of radiology by using this distinct modality to evaluate breast lesions using unique features that are not available by traditional mammography. These features that are used can help characterize lesions in the breast into benign, suspicious, or malignant entities. However, not all lesions of the breast fall into these set categories, and sampling of the masses may be necessary to avoid pitfalls. In this article, we list the criteria that are classically used to favor benign versus malignant lesions and then have 2 examples that fall outside of the box and needed sampling of the masses for a definitive diagnosis.
The Utility of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of “Cystic” Lesions of the Salivary Gland
Authors: Sayeed Sadia , Powers Celeste N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Unlike in the thyroid, ultrasound (US) imaging of salivary gland lesions that show posterior enhancement or through transmission does not necessarily imply the presence of a cystic lesion. The 3 cases presented in this article illustrate the wide range of diagnoses that may have very similar findings by US imaging. Thus, emphasis is placed on the need for sampling of these lesions with careful evaluation of both US images and ideally US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology to arrive at an accurate interpretation.
Lymph Node Fine-Needle Aspiration: 2 Cases Demonstrating Benefits of Ultrasound Guidance
Authors: Jug Rachel , Jiang Xiaoyin “Sara” 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pathologist performed fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies yield high adequacy rates, result in effective triage of material for additional studies, and offer a minimally invasive method for tissue procurement. Ultrasound-guided FNA (US-FNA) expands the scope of pathologists' FNA capabilities allowing for deeper, nonpalpable lesions to be biopsied while avoiding crucial structures and enabling targeted biopsies of sonographically concerning regions. To illustrate the utility of US-FNA in clinical practice, we present 2 cases in which diagnostic material was obtained by pathologist-performed US-FNA from neck lymph nodes detected on positron emission tomography scans. The first was a 71-year-old woman with a history of both invasive lung and breast adenocarcinomas, and the second was a 60-year-old woman with a history of lower gastrointestinal tract squamous cell carcinoma. The lymph node biopsy from the first patient yielded adequate material to perform molecular diagnostic studies, detecting an activating KRAS mutation, providing additional prognostic and therapy guiding information. In the second case, ultrasound guidance allowed the pathologist to perform a biopsy on a nonpalpable lymph node and obtain a diagnosis from this minimally invasive procedure. Both lymph nodes featured characteristics indicative of involvement by metastatic carcinoma. Ultrasound examination can help characterize lesions, guiding cytopathologists to select an appropriate biopsy trajectory for optimal sampling.
Acid-Fast Bacteria in Disguise: Mycobacterium avium Complex in Purulent Exudate; Ultrasound Correlation
Authors: Kraft Adele , Wiles Austin , Doern Christopher 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In immunocompetent hosts, Mycobacterium avium complex lymphadenitis is almost exclusively a disease of children, involving cervical lymph nodes. In the setting of human immunodeficiency virus infection, it can occur as a manifestation of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. This case study reports a case of M. avium complex in the setting of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, presenting as purulent lymphadenitis, correlating cytopathology and surgical pathology findings with ultrasound imaging.
Benign Hepatic Lesions Arising in Accessory Hepatic Lobes
Authors: AlFarkh Wedad , Torbenson Michael S. , Mounajjed Taofic 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An accessory hepatic lobe is an uncommon hepatic congenital anomaly that can sometimes mimic a mass lesion clinically and radiologically. Because accessory hepatic lobes are only rarely resected, detailed descriptions of their histologic features are sparse. We report the histologic and immunohistochemical features of 3 cases of resected accessory hepatic lobes, all of which contained benign hepatic lesions (2 hepatic adenomas [HAs] and 1 focal nodular hyperplasia). All accessory lobes were connected to the liver by a pedicle. Histologically, all lesions demonstrated no cytologic or architectural atypia. Based on immunohistochemical analysis, 1 HA was classified as inflammatory type (positive for C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A), and 1 was unclassified type (negative for C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, glutamine synthetase, and β-catenin and positive for liver fatty acid–binding protein); the focal nodular hyperplasia showed the typical map-like staining pattern with glutamine synthetase. Interestingly, multiple foci of myelolipoma were identified within the unclassified-type HA. Of note, in all cases, the nonlesional hepatic parenchyma featured structural vascular abnormalities of the hepatic artery branches, including abnormal thickening of arterial branches and multiple arterial branches per single portal tract. Our findings describe, for the first time, benign hepatic lesions arising in accessory hepatic lobes and suggest that accessory lobes are perhaps prone to such benign lesions because of structural abnormalities in their vasculature.