bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The northern San Gregorio fault zone: Evidence for the timing of late Holocene earthquakes near Seal Cove, California
Authors: Simpson Gary D. , Thompson Stephen C. , Noller J. Stratton , Lettis William R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe San Gregorio fault is the principal active fault west of the San Andreas fault in central coastal California, yet it remains the largest known fault in the region whose seismogenic potential is not known. In this study, we integrate traditional paleoseismic and archaeologic investigations to define the location, style, and timing of slip events on the northern San Gregorio fault at a site near Seal Cove in Moss Beach, California. The on-land portion of the San Gregorio fault at Seal Cove is a late-Holocene active dextral slip fault. Trench excavations revealed a broad zone of faulting, at least 22 m wide, consisting of five Holocene-active strands. These include a single mid-Holocene east-vergent reverse fault and four late-Holocene near-vertical strike-slip faults. The most recent event occurred after the deposition of a native Californian cooking hearth dated A.D. 1270 to A.D. 1400, but prior to the arrival of Spanish missionaries ca. 1775. The penultimate event at the site is less well constrained but appears to have occurred between A.D. 620 and A.D. 1400. The penultimate event was associated with horizontal displacement on the order of 3 m, based on reconstruction of a thrust wedge within the fault zone. The geometry of midden deposits shows a 5 (−2, +6) m deflection along the projection of faults associated with the most recent event (MRE). All or part of this deflection may be associated with the MRE. These displacements are consistent with Mw 7 to 7¼ earthquakes and show that the San Gregorio fault is an active seismogenic source that should be considered in seismic hazard assessments in the San Francisco Bay area.
Characterization and Assessment of Synthesized Nano Sulphur in Combination with Organic Amendment on the Availability of Sulphur in Calcareous Soil
Authors: Yazhini R.I. , Latha M.R. , Rajeswari R. , Marimuthu S. , Lakshmanan A. , Subramanian K.S. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Sulphur is rapidly being recognized as fourth key nutrient for plants after nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It functions in several critical metabolic and physiological processes, such as Chlorophyll synthesis, Protein synthesis, Activation of enzymes, Stress tolerance and Seed production. This study was carried to investigate the effect of synthesized nano sulphur in combination with organic amendment to study available sulphur status in calcareous soil. Methods: Nano sulphur was synthesized using reverse microemulsion (water-in-oil microemulsion) technique and characterized at the Centre for Agricultural Nanotechnology, TNAU, Coimbatore. An incubation experiment was carried out with synthesized nano sulphur and gypsum as sulphur source with and without FYM to determine sulphur release at various intervals (7th,15th,30th,45th and 60th days after incubation). Result: It was observed that nano sulphur applied at 40 kg S ha-1 with FYM showed high release of sulphur in calcareous soil in all intervals analysed during the experiment. The addition of organic manures aids in proliferation of heterotrophic sulphur oxidising bacteria which enhances the sulphur oxidation in alkaline soil.
Outer inverses in semigroups belonging to the prescribed Green’s equivalence classes
Authors: Ćirić Miroslav , Ignjatović Jelena , Stanimirović Predrag 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

We provide existence criteria and characterizations for outer inverses in a semigroup belonging to the prescribed Green’s ℛ-, ℒ- and ℋ-classes. These results generalize the well-known problem of finding outer inverses of a matrix over a field with the prescribed range or/and null space. Outer inverses belonging to the prescribed Green’s ℛ- and ℒ-classes also represent extensions of Drazin’s (b, c)-inverses and Mary’s inverses along an element. We provide an overview of other such extensions that have emerged recently and compare them with the extensions introduced in this paper.

Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 20M99, 15A09, 15A24.
“It's a habit. They've been doing it for decades and they feel good and safe.”: A qualitative study of barriers and opportunities to changing antimicrobial use in the Indonesian poultry sector
Authors: Hibbard Rebecca , Chapot Lorraine , Yusuf Havan , Ariyanto Kurnia Bagus , Maulana Kusnul Yuli , Febriyani Widya , Cameron Angus , Vergne Timothée , Faverjon Céline , Paul Mathilde C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Interventions to change antimicrobial use (AMU) practices can help mitigate the risk of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development. However, changing AMU practices can be challenging due to the complex nature of the factors influencing AMU-related behaviours. This study used a qualitative approach to explore the factors that influenced decision-making on AMU by farmers and other actors in the Indonesian poultry sector. Thirty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted with farmers, technical services staff from the private sector, and representatives of associations, universities, and international organisations in Central Java, West Java, and East Java. Thematic analysis identified three patterns of influence on AMU: how farmers used information to make AMU-related decisions, the importance of farmers’ social and advisory networks, and the motivations driving changes in AMU behaviours. Key barriers identified included a lack of shared understanding around when to use antibiotics, financial pressures in the poultry sector, and a lack of engagement with government veterinary services. Potential opportunities identified included high farmer awareness of AMU, identification of private sector actors and peer networks as the stakeholders with established relationships of trust with farmers, and the importance of farmers’ conceptions of good farming practices, which could be engaged with to improve AMU practices.
​A Three-Dimensional DV-Hop Algorithm Based on the Improved Grey Wolf Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Wu YU Xiu , Shuai YE , Yong LIU 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Location technology has become one of the core technologies of the Internet of Things, especially for wireless sensor networks. The DV-Hop algorithm is used in various situations as one of the representative algorithms. Aiming at the large positioning error of the DV-Hop algorithm, this paper proposes a three-dimensional DV-Hop algorithm based on the improved Grey Wolf algorithm (TDIGW). First of all, the algorithm refines the number of hops through a multi-communication radius strategy, which reduces errors caused by the number of node hops. Then, mean square error is introduced to optimize the average hop distance of the beacon nodes. Finally, the grey wolf algorithm with dynamic weight factor optimization is used instead of least squares to calculate the coordinate positions of the unknown nodes. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional 3D-DVHop algorithm and other algorithms. the average localization error of this algorithm is reduced by 20.13%, 12.62% and 8.98% respectively. The algorithm proposed in this paper reduces the localization error effectively.
Optimize incremental SFM for repetitive structures and short baseline issues
Authors: Li Bing , Ma Hengtao , Mi Wansheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Structure from Motion has been widely used in 3D reconstruction based on multiview geometry, which is used to construct sparse point clouds and solve camera pose information. However, there are often problematic matching pairs in image sets, which makes it difficult to obtain correct reconstruction results by SFM method. Aiming at the problems of repetitive structure and short baseline, this paper constructs the Minimum Spanning Tree to filter the mismatched image pairs, and reconstructs the connection relationship between images, thus improving the incremental SFM method. In the initialization stage, the edge weights are calculated, and the MST is extracted, and then iterative merging is performed to get the final image connection graph from which the mismatching is filtered, and then it is expanded in an incremental way until the images in the whole data set are traversed. The evaluation results of public data sets and data sets with repeated structures show that the improved incremental SFM method can achieve similar or better reconstruction results.
Influence of co-ensiled rice straw with whole sugar beet on lactating cows performance
Authors: Abo-Donia Fawzy Mohamed , Elsheikh Hanim , Esh Ayman , El-Shora Mohamed , Eldiahy Yasser 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of co-ensiled rice straw (RS) with whole sugar beet (SB) on lactating cows’ performance. Ensiled rice straw as control (SCG) was incorporated with immersed corn grains (CG) for 24 h, while the 2nd and 3rd ensiled RS (LSB and HSB) contained SB substituted of 50 and 100% of CG on an energy basis (total digestible nutrients, TDN), respectively. Ensiled RS were offered ad-libitum while a concentrate feed mixture (2% of body weight) was provided in diets, D1, D2, and D3, respectively. The HSB has a slightly higher population of lactic acid bacteria, consort with LSB and SCG. The OM, CP, EE, NFC, and TCH contents of SCG were slightly higher than LSB or HSB, while the opposite happened with the aNDFom, and ADFom contents. The digestibility of DM, OM, aNDFom, and ADFom of the D3 group was higher (P < 0.05) than in D1 and D2. The D3 recorded the highest values (P < 0.05) of silage consumption, and palatability. Milk production, fat-corrected milk (FCM), and energy-corrected milk (ECM) were (P < 0.05) higher for cows fed D3 compared with D1 and D2. Fat, protein, lactose, and total solids. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of cows fed diet D3 was better than cows fed D1 diet. Blood constituents remained unchanged and were within the normal ranges. In conclusion, co-ensiling of RS with the whole SB plant consider a good method to improve its nutritional value.
Novel composite membrane based on Recycled low-density polyethylene-alumina used for vacuum membrane distillation
Authors: Ajari Hanen , Khaled Fatma , Akrout Hiba , Khaoula Hidouri , Chaouachi Bechir , Alsalhy Qusay 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background In this study, a composite membrane was prepared from recycled low-density polyethylene, thus helping to lighten plastics’ load on the environment, while the powder of alumina was used to enhance the membrane contact angle, its porosity and its mechanical properties. The membrane preparation was made by means of the thermal induced phase separation method by using the butyl acetate as a solvent, hexane as a non-solvent, and the alumina as an additive. Results: The membrane crystalline property was assessed via the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The membrane characteristics were then investigated in terms of thickness, contact angle, pore size, porosity, mechanical test, bubble point pressure, AFM, and SEM analysis. The results revealed that the addition of alumina had an important role in improving membrane structure, properties and therefore its performance. Conclusions The evaluation of the recycled low-density polyethylene-alumina membrane showed that it has a good porosity, good hydrophobicity, and better mechanical properties. The obtained membranes were also applicated to the vacuum membrane distillation to test their performance.
The m6A methyltransferase RBM15 drives the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells through the stimulation of serine and glycine metabolism
Authors: Park Yun-Yong , Ju﻿ Jin-Sung , Park Su Hwan , Yun Hye Jun , Lee Su bin , Kim Seok-Ho , Lee Jong-Ho , Győrffy Balázs , Kim Ho , Yang Siyoung , Eyun Seong-il , Woo Hyun Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

N 6 -adenosine methylation (m6A) is critical for controlling cancer cell growth and tumorigenesis. However, the function and detailed mechanism of how m6A methyltransferases modulate m6A levels on specific targets remains unknown. In the current study, we identified significantly elevated levels of RBM15, an m6A writer, in basal-like breast cancer (BC) patients compared to non-basal like BC and linked it to worse clinical outcome. Gene expression profiling uncovered correlations between RBM15 and serine and glycine metabolism genes including PHGDH, PSAT1, PSPH, and SHMT2. RBM15 influences overall m6A levels and, specifically, m6A of serine and glycine metabolism genes via direct binding to target RNA. Further RBM15 effects on cell growth were largely dependent on serine and glycine metabolism. Thus, RBM15 coordinates cancer cell growth through altered serine and glycine metabolism suggesting RBM15 as a new therapeutic target in BC.
Rv2231c, a unique histidinol phosphate aminotransferase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, supports virulence by inhibiting host-directed defense
Authors: Zarin Sheeba , Shariq Mohd , Rastogi Nilisha , Ahuja Yashika , Manjunath P. , Alam Anwar , Hasnain Seyed Ehtesham , Ehtesham Nasreen Zafar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Nitrogen metabolism of M. tuberculosis is critical for its survival in infected host cells. M. tuberculosis has evolved sophisticated strategies to switch between de novo synthesis and uptake of various amino acids from host cells for metabolic demands. Pyridoxal phosphate-dependent histidinol phosphate aminotransferase-HspAT enzyme is critically required for histidine biosynthesis. HspAT is involved in metabolic synthesis of histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and novobiocin. We showed that M. tuberculosis Rv2231c is a conserved enzyme with HspAT activity. Rv2231c is a monomeric globular protein that contains α-helices and β-sheets. It is a secretory and cell wall-localized protein that regulates critical pathogenic attributes. Rv2231c enhances the survival and virulence of recombinant M. smegmatis in infected RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Rv2231c interacts with TLR4 immune receptor and modulates host immune response suppressing the secretion of antibacterial pro-inflammatory IL-12 and IL-6 cytokines. It also inhibits the expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 along with antigen presenting molecule MHC-I on macrophage and suppresses reactive nitrogen species formation, thereby promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Rv2231c inhibits intrinsic apoptosis while activating necroptosis and pyroptosis, thereby promoting efficient bacterial survival and proliferation to increase virulence. Our results indicate that Rv2231c is a moonlighting protein that regulates multiple functions of M. tuberculosis pathophysiology to increase its virulence. These mechanistic insights can be used to better understand the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis and to design strategies for tuberculosis mitigation.
Aedes aegypti midgut microbiota establishment in adult females is regulated by Juvenile Hormone to enhance fecundity and fitness.
Authors: Taracena Mabel , Walter-Nuno Ana , Bottino-Rojas Vanessa , Dotson Ellen , Oliveira Pedro , Paiva-Silva Gabriela O. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the physiological phenomena involved in female mosquitoes' preparation for a blood meal, including the effects of mating, is crucial for enhancing vector-control strategies against mosquito-borne diseases. At the same time, the mosquitoes’vector capacity can be impacted by fecundity and longevity, making important the study of the factors that can influence these. Our findings reveal that mating and Juvenile Hormone induce midgut growth in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Additionally, we observed the gradual establishment of a native bacterial population in the mosquito midgut due to JH-dependent suppression of the immune response. Mated mosquitoes and those treated with JH exhibited lower expression levels of Anti-Microbial Peptides. The increased presence of bacteria in the midgut stimulated epithelial cell turnover, indicating the dynamic response of the epithelium to the microbiota. Here we demonstrate how mating and JH levels can influence organ size and immunity in the mosquito midgut. JH-induced expansion of the microbiota downregulated certain antimicrobial peptides in Ae. aegypti, leading to increased egg counts and longer lifespans. Overall, these findings provide evidence of a cross-talk between JH response, gut epithelial tissue, cell cycle regulation, and the mechanisms governing the trade-offs between nutrition, immunity, and reproduction at the cellular level in the mosquito gut.
Assessing peri-implant bacterial community structure: the effect of microbiome sample collection method
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Murias-Freijo Alia , Tierno Roberto , Tejero Ricardo , Alkhraisat Mohammad Hamdan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different oral sampling approaches on metagenomic profiles of peri-implant bacterial communities as revealed by 16S rRNA sequencing.
Background data:
The oral cavity is an exceptionally complex habitat that harbors a large number of microorganisms. Oral microbiota comprises polymicrobial communities shaped by mutualistic coevolution with the host, contributing to homeostasis and regulating immune function. Nevertheless, dysbiosis of oral bacterial communities is associated with a number of clinical symptoms that ranges from infections to oral cancer. Peri-implant diseases are biofilm-associated inflammatory conditions affecting the soft and hard tissues around dental implants. Therefore, the detection of early symptoms of infection are essential to prevent disease progression and implant failure. Since oral microbiota is also strongly associated with peri-implant health status, the study of oral bacterial communities may be a promising approach for monitoring peri-implant health.
Methods:
With the aim of selecting an appropriate microbiome sampling procedure, next generation sequencing was used for characterizing the bacterial communities of three sample types two months after transepithelial abutment placement: adjacent periodontal crevicular fluid (ToCF), crevicular fluid from transepithelial abutment (TACF) and transepithelial abutment (TA).
Results:
Significant differences in multiple alpha diversity indices were detected at both the OTU and the genus level between different sampling procedures. Differentially abundant taxa were detected between sample collection strategies, including peri-implant health and disease related taxa. At the community level significant differences were also detected between TACF and TA and also between TA and ToCF. Moreover, differential network properties and association patterns were identified.
Conclusion:
These results suggest that microbiome profiles could assist peri-implant health surveillance. However, the selection of sample collection strategy can significantly affect the community composition and structure.
HPAIV outbreak triggers enhanced colony connectivity in a seabird metapopulation
Authors: Jeglinski Jana Wibke Elisabeth , Lane Jude , Votier Stephen C , Furness Robert W , Hamer Keith C , McCafferty Dominic , Nager Ruedi G , Sheddan Maggie , Wanless Sarah , Matthiopoulos Jason 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Disease outbreaks can drastically disturb the environment of surviving animals, but the behavioural, ecological, and epidemiological consequences of disease-driven disturbance are poorly understood. Here, we show that an outbreak of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) coincided with unprecedented short-term behavioural changes in Northern gannets (Morus bassanus). Breeding gannets have been characterised by strong fidelity to their nest sites and foraging areas (2015 – 2019; n = 120), but during the 2022 HPAI outbreak, GPS-tagged gannets instigated long-distance movements and the first ever recorded visits of adults to other gannet breeding colonies. Our findings suggest that the HPAIV outbreak triggered changes in space use patterns of exposed individuals that amplified the epidemiological connectivity among colonies and may generate super-spreader events that accelerate disease transmission across the metapopulation. Such self-propagating transmission from and towards high density animal aggregations may explain the unexpectedly rapid pan-European spread of HPAIV in the gannet.
Severe liver steatosis as potential risk factor of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Firouzabadi Mohammad Dehghani , Poopak Amirhossein , Sheikhy Ali , Firouzabadi Fatemeh Dehghani , Moosaie Fatemeh , Rabizadeh Soghra , Momtazmanesh Sara , Nakhjavani Manouchehr , Esteghamati Alireza 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) which is the most common cause of mortality in NAFLD patients. Methods and results In this prospective cohort study, 1197 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were divided in to two groups (360 patients with NAFLD and 847 without) and were followed for median of 5 years for incidence of CVD. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between NAFLD, level of liver enzymes, and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and incidence risk of CVD and its subgroups (i.e., Myocardial Infarction, chronic heart disease, coronary artery bypass grafting, and percutaneous coronary intervention. There was a significant positive association between CVD incidence and NAFLD (HR = 1.487, 95% CI = 1.041–2.124, p-value = 0.029). Although patients with NAFLD had higher ALT and AST levels (p-value = < 0.001), there was no significant association between liver enzymes and the incidence risk of CVD when adjusting for different variables. Furthermore, NAFLD was linked to APRI Q (2), APRI Q(3), and APRIQ(4) NAFLD (1.365 (1.046–1.781), 1.623 (1.234–2.135), and 3.373 (2.509–4.536), respectively. Conclusion NAFLD increased the incidence risk of CVD in T2D. However, there was no association between liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALK-P, and GGT) and a higher incidence risk of CVD in T2D when adjusted for confounding variables.
The impact of COVID-19 on routine child immunisation in South Africa
Authors: Moyo Sangiwe , Ashok Anushka , Sharma Saransh , Nyankieya Rebecca , Prasad Ram , Myers Laura 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted immunisation programs worldwide, reversing gains that had brought vaccine-preventable diseases largely under control. This study explored the impact of COVID-19 on the uptake of routine child immunisation services in South Africa.
Methods
We conducted qualitative research using in-depth interviews with 51 purposively selected parents/caregivers of children below the age of five who missed or delayed one or more scheduled immunisation doses in 2020-2022 and with 12 healthcare providers who provided public immunisation services during the pandemic.
Findings
During the pandemic lockdowns, most caregivers perceived the risk of their child being infected with COVID-19 during a clinic visit as more salient than the risk of missing immunisation doses. Caregivers reported minimal exposure to routine immunisation communication, as well as shortages of routine vaccines for children at public health facilities; healthcare workers experienced anxiety and burnout. There was a post-pandemic shift to more active decision-making about immunisation, which had previously been an almost automatic behaviour, leading some caregivers to delay vaccinating their children. There was also evidence of a “bad vaccine” mental model among some caregivers regarding COVID vaccinations, which could lead to doubts about the safety of routine childhood vaccinations.
Interpretation
The shift from default to active decision-making highlights a risk that routine immunisation will backslide in future pandemics. Governments should build resilient health systems at all levels and communicate clearly about the benefits and availability of RIs and the safety of vaccinations in general, alongside supply-side interventions.
Funding
Final Mile Consulting funded this study.