bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The correlation between primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG) and gut microbiota: a potential towards predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine
Authors: Chen Si , Wang Nan , Xiong Siqi , Xia Xiaobo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Emerged evidence has shown that glaucoma is considered an immune disorder. Gut is the largest immune organ in human body and gut microbiota (GM) plays irreversible role of maintaining immune homeostasis. But how does GM influences glaucoma remain unrevealed. This study aimed at investigating key molecules/pathways mediating GM and glaucoma and provide new biomarkers for future predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.
Methods
Datasets from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients (GSE138125) and datasets for target genes of GM/GM metabolites were downloaded from public database. For GSE138125, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between healthy and POAG samples were identified. And the online Venn diagram tool was used to obtain the DEGs from POAG related to GM. After which GM-related DEGs were analyzed by correlation analysis, pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Human trabecular meshwork cells were used for validation, and mRNA level of hub genes was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in the in vitro glaucoma model.
Results
A total of 16 GM-related DEGs in POAG were identified from the above 2 datasets (9 up-regulated genes and 7 down-regulated genes). Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these genes are mostly enriched in immune regulation especially macrophages related pathways. Then 6 hub genes were identified by PPI network analysis and construction of key modules. Finally, RT-qPCR confirmed that the expression of the hub genes in the in vitro glaucoma model was consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis of mRNA chip.
Conclusion
This bioinformatic study elucidates NFKB1, IL18, KITLG, TLR9, FKBP2, and HDAC4 as hub genes for POAG and GM regulation. Immune response modulated by macrophages play an important role in POAG and may be potential targets for future predictive, preventive, and personalized diagnosis and treatment.
The new clinical classification of metastatic spinal malignancies serves as a vital reference to surgical management:a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Bai Junjun , Li Jian , Lv Jia , Yang Wangzhe , Wang Yushan , Feng Yi , Lv Zhi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
It is commonly accepted that Surgical treatment is an essential component of the comprehensive treatment of metastatic spinal malignancies. However, Up until now, the clinical classification of metastatic spinal malignancies has not been well-structured.
Methods
After IRB approval, 86 patients with metastatic spinal malignancies who underwent therapy at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between January 2014 and March 2020 were adopted. According to the vascular distribution, stability of vertebrae and the degree of nerve compression, osteolytic metastatic spinal tumors can be classified into five types. 20 of them who did not receive segmental arterial embolization was set as a control group. The standard group included 24 patients who received segmental arterial embolization on both sides of the diseased vertebrae. 42 patients were included in the intervention group after receiving responsible arterial embolization. Surgical intervention was performed within 24 hours following an embolization.
Results
In comparison with the control and standard groups, the intervention group presented unique advantages in terms of bleeding volume (p＜0.001), operating time (p＜0.001), and local recurrence rate within 12 months (p＜0.006).
Conclusion
The promising surgical intervention strategies can be developed according to the new clinical classification of metastatic spinal malignancies.
Radiation Exposure Assessment of Nuclear Medicine Staff Administering [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE with Active and Passive Dosimetry
Authors: Riveira-Martin Mercedes , Struelens Lara , Iglesias José Muñoz , Schoonjans Werner , Tabuenca Olga , Nogueiras José Manuel , Gómez Francisco Javier Salvador , Medina Antonio López 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of lutetium-177 (177Lu)-based radiopharmaceuticals in peptide receptor nuclear therapy is increasing, but so is the number of nuclear medicine workers exposed to higher levels of radiation. In recent years, [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE has begun to be widely used for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours. However, there are few studies evaluating the occupational radiation exposure during its administration, and there are still some challenges that can result in higher doses to the staff, such as a lack of trained personnel or fully standardised procedures. In response, this study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of occupational doses to the staff involved in the administration of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE.
Results
A total of 32 administrations of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE (7.4 GBq/session) carried out by a physician and a nurse, were studied. In total, two physicians and four nurses were independently monitored with cumulative (passive) and/or real-time (active) dosemeters. Extremity, eye lens and whole-body doses were evaluated in terms of the dosimetric quantities Hp(0.07), Hp(3) and Hp(10), respectively. It was obtained that lead aprons reduced dose rates and effective doses by 71% and 69% for the physician, respectively, and by 56% and 68% for the nurse. On average, normalised Hp(10) showed lower values with active (0.65 ± 0.18 µSv/GBq) than with passive (11.6 ± 2.9 µSv/GBq) dosemeters, so further measurements are needed. For physicians, the median of the maximum normalised Hp(0.07) values was 41.5 µSv/GBq on the non-dominant hand and 45.2 µSv/GBq on the dominant hand. For nurses 15.4 µSv/GBq on the non-dominant and 13.9 µSv/GBq on the dominant hand. The ratio between the maximum dose measured on the hand and the dose measured on the base of the middle/ring finger of the non-dominant hand resulted in a factor of 5/6 for the physicians and 3/4 for the nurses. Finally, maximum normalised Hp(3) doses resulted in 2.02 µSv/GBq for physicians and 1.76 µSv/GBq for nurses.
Conclusions
If appropriate safety measures are taken, the administration of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE is a safe procedure for workers. However, regular monitoring is recommended to ensure that the annual dose limits are not exceeded.
Evaluation of Deep Learning-Based Quantitative Computed Tomography for Opportunistic Osteoporosis Screening
Authors: Oh Sangseok , Kang Woo Young , Park Heejun , Yang Zepa , Lee Jemyoung , Kim Changwon , Woo Ok Hee , Hong Suk-Joo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate diagnostic efficacy of deep learning (DL)-based automated bone mineral density (BMD) measurement for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis with routine computed tomography (CT) scans.
Methods
A DL-based automated quantitative computed tomography (DL-QCT) solution was evaluated with 92 routine clinical CT scans from 65 patients who underwent either chest (N:29), lumbar spine (N:34), or abdominal CT (N:29) scan. The automated BMD measurements (DL-BMD) on L1 and L2 vertebral bodies from DL-QCT were validated with manual BMD (m-BMD) measurement from conventional asynchronous QCT using Pearson’s correlation and intraclass correlation. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis identified the diagnostic ability of DL-BMD for low BMD and osteoporosis, determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and m-BMD.
Results
Excellent concordance were seen between m-BMD and DL-BMD in total CT scans (r = 0.960/0.980). The ROC-derived AUC of DL-BMD compared to that of central DXA for the low-BMD and osteoporosis patients was 0.840 and 0.784 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of DL-BMD compared to central DXA for low BMD were 73.1%, 68.0%, and 71.7%, respectively, and those for osteoporosis were 78.9%, 83.6%, and 82.6%. The AUC of DL-BMD compared to the m-BMD for low BMD and osteoporosis diagnosis were 0.982 and 0.934, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of DL-BMD compared to m-BMD for low BMD were 94.8%, 94.1%, and 94.6%, and those for osteoporosis were 73.3%, 91.9%, and 85.9%, respectively.
Conclusions
DL-BMD exhibited excellent agreement with m-BMD on L1 and L2 vertebrae in the various routine clinical CT scans and had comparable diagnostic performance for detecting the low-BMD and osteoporosis on conventional QCT.
Congenital Anomalous Origin of the Coronary Artery in Children: Use of Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography for Diagnosis
Authors: Zhen Zhen , Dong Ziyan , Na Jia , Chen Xi , Li Qirui , Gao Lu , Yuan Yue 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
AOCA can cause different degrees of myocardial ischemia. The various clinical presentations and diagnostic limitations of TTE often lead to missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis.
Methods
The retrospective study analysed the clinical date of 208 children with AOCA diagnosed by CT coronary angiography (CTCA), aimed to describe the clinical features and prognosis of the disease.
Results
One hundred and fifty-seven (75.5%) cases had cardiac symptoms, 3 (1.4%) had atypical symptoms, and 48 (23.1%) were asymptomatic. Levels of serological markers of myocardial injury were elevated in 49 patients (23.6%), and ST-T changes were predominant in electrocardiographic abnormalities (n = 140, 67.3%). Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) identified 27 cases (13%) with cardiac enlargement and 10 (4.8%) with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Only 6 cases (5.8%) of AOCA were identified by TTE, 4 of which were anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva (R-ACAOS). The anomalous origin of the left coronary artery was the most common anomaly revealed (n = 126, 60.6%) by CTCA, followed by the anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (n = 50, 24.0%). Bilateral coronary arteries of anomalous origin were the least frequent (n = 32, 15.4%). Except for four cases who underwent surgical treatment, the others were treated conservatively. No deaths in the whole process.
Conclusions
CTCA has high diagnostic accuracy and can be used to determine the location and course of coronary ostia. The treatment of AOCA should be individualized according to the type of coronary origin, and surgical repair should be performed if necessary.
Trial registration
retrospectively registered.
CNT based enhanced GaAs/InAs Multiple quantum well (MQW) solar cell
Authors: Warepam Dickson , Singh Khomdram Jolson , Dhar Rudra Sankar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This work presents the optimized model and results of numerical simulations and analysis of CNT based GaAs/InAs multiple quantum wells (from 5 to 70 QWs) GaAs solar cell. These QWs is found to extend the absorption edge beyond that of the GaAs bandgap. Further, with the introduction of the wide bandgap InGaP back surface field (BSF) layer in the model, efficiency is enhanced due to the reflection of unabsorbed photons from the bottom of the device back into the quantum well. The proposed model uses a heterogeneous CNT layer as top semi-transparent electrode. It is observed that this CNT top layer with lower sheet resistance and better light transmission can significantly improve the overall efficiency. Our optimized cell with 35 number 25nm quantum well structure with 100 nm CNT top layer with sheet resistance of 128 Ω/□ is found to increase the efficiency up to 34.12% (with CNT top layer) from 32.46%(without CNT top layer). EQE of the cell is nearly 90%. To show the accuracy of our findings, the key phases of the numerical modelling are presented, and the base simulation data are checked using standard experimental data. An essential step towards creating commercially viable QWSCs is the effective application of the suggested CNT-based QWSC model within a modern TCAD tool environment (Silvaco ATLAS).
Polymetallic nodule mineralization in the Pigafeta Basin, West Pacific responses to the Antarctic ice-sheet evolution
Authors: Wang Haifeng , deng xianze , He Gaowen , Deng Xiguang , Yang Yong , Yao Huiqiang , Li Gang , Zhang Limin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We found polymetallic nodules wide spread in the Pigafeta Basin, West Pacific. It turns out to be influenced by the Antarctic Bottom Current, which forms around the Antarctic ice-sheet through surface-water freezing. Thus, we propose the polymetallic nodule mineralization is coupling with the Antarctic ice-sheet evolution. In order to clarify the coupling relationship, we here carry out chronology and geochemistry analysis. The polymetallic nodules consist of four layers and three sedimentary discontinuities. The chronology results demonstrate that nucleation age is ~ 34 Ma, and three sedimentary discontinuities are > 25 Ma, 14.2~16.9Ma and 3.7 ~ 3.4 Ma. Coincidentally, the polymetallic nodules stopped growing during global warming and accreted when glaciation occurred in the Antarctic. In addition, there are coupling effects between the Antarctic ice-sheet parameter (volume and standard deviation) and geochemical indexes of the polymetallic nodules (MgO/CaO and Mn/Fe). These coupling effects indicate that the polymetallic nodule mineralization in the Pigafeta Basin respond to the Antarctic ice-sheet evolution.
Development of a multivariate predictive nomogram among women with antepartum fetal death diagnosed at ≥34 weeks of gestation for outcome of TOLAC
Authors: Dasgupta Subhankar , DASGUPTA JIJA 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
A priori estimate on probability of having successful vaginal birth, helps to reduce maternal complications and increases treating physician’s confidence when planning a TOLAC in women with antepartum fetal death. Aim for this study was to develop a nomogram which will give probability of vaginal birth from maternal features in women with antepartum fetal death diagnosed at ≥ 34 week’s gestation and previous one low transverse cesarean section (LTCS).
Methods
This was a prospective observational study where participants were managed based on a predesigned protocol. Data was collected on different predelivery maternal features. Outcomes were categorized into two classes - vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery. Different classifiers were trained with data obtained on maternal features and accuracy of predicting outcome class determined. The machine learning model giving highest accuracy was used to develop a nomogram.
Result
Classical machine learning models by using selective maternal features could predict outcome of TOLAC among women attempting VBAC with IUFD with high accuracy. Factors found to have a significant impact on outcome of TOLAC according to their order of importance were maternal BMI at admission, bishop score, duration of augmentation, estimated foetal weight, interval from previous LTCS, admission to active labor interval, vaginal delivery after LTCS and gestational age. The Naïve -Bayes model gave the highest prediction accuracy (0.88).
Conclusion
Non-linear classifiers by using selective features could predict outcome of TOLAC among women attempting VBAC with IUFD at or beyond 34 weeks gestation with high accuracy.
Study of the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs among automotive maintenance workers in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: zhang huadong , Li Xiaoping , Deng Huaxin , Cao Lei , Wang Zhongxu , Liu Jing , Wang Rugang , Li Renjie , Jia Ning , Chen Fengqiong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
China remains the world’s largest automotive manufacturing country. The work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a common occupational hazard associated with heavy industries. 76.2%-91.4% of vehicle maintenance workersuffers from WMSDs, among them, automotive maintenance workers have a higher risk of WMSDs due to some uncomfortable working postures and unreasonable work schedules.Furthermore, the prevalence of multi-site WMSDs is higher than that of single-site WMSDs in automotive workers. The available data (descriptive, etiological and prognostic data) largely focuses on the WMSDs defined by anatomical sites, and the research on multi-site WMSDs is particularlysparse.
OBJECTIVES
To explore the regularity and influencing factors of WMSDs in automotive maintenance workers.
METHODS
Through cluster sampling, 539 workers from 50 automotive repair and maintenance companies in China were recruited. The prevalence of WMSDs in the main anatomical sites was investigated using the modified Nordic MusculoskeletalDisorders Questionnaire (NMQ). The chi-square test and logistic regression models were used to analyze the associated risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Multisite WMSDs are more prevalent than single-site WMSDs among automotive maintenance workers, and two sites are most commonly affected. The influencing factors include demographic characteristics,such as gender, working age, certain types of movements and postures (working in uncomfortable positions, repetitive movements of the lower limbs and ankles), regular overtime, back to work after a break, and number of breaks per shift.
Calculation of correction angle required for spinal osteotomy in ankylosing spondylitis patients with thoracolumbar kyphosis: comparison of FBI method and hilus pulmonis (HP) method.
Authors: Chi Cheng , Zhang Jiandang , Tang Jiaguang , Zhou Jianwei , Li Mao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Study Design：Retrospective case–control radiographic study
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare hilus pulmonis (HP) method and full balance integrated (FBI) method in calculating the amount of correction angle needed to achieve a satisfactory sagittal balance for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with thoracolumbar kyphosis, then, to explore if HP method can be safely used instead when C7 vertebra is invisible.
Methods
38 AS patients (34 men, 4 women; mean age, 38.4 yr) who underwent one-level PSO for thoracolumbar kyphosis deformity were retrospectively collected. The planned osteotomy angles were calculated on preoperative full-length spinal radiographs using both methods (HP and FBI). Pre- and post-operative sagittal parameters were also assessed, including Cobb T1- S1, global tilt, sagittal vertical axis (SVA), pelvic tilt, lumbar lordosis, femoral obliquity angle (FOA).
Results
All radiographical parameters had significantly improved from preoperative to postoperative. The T1–S1 sagittal Cobb angles significantly improved from 43.5 ° (range, -12.1° ~84.5°) preoperatively to 9.2° (range, −15.7°~33.7°) postoperatively (P < 0.001). All radiographical
parameters had significantly improved from preoperative to postoperative, including global tilt (52.3°~21.8°, P<0.001), SVA (139.4 ~ 58.1mm, P < 0.001), PT (33.6° ~16.8°, P<0.001),
lumbar lordosis (1.9°~-36.3°, P<0.001) and femoral tilt (22.0° ~10.1°, P<0.001). The mean osteotomy angle was 28.2° (range 20.4°~41.9°). The average predicted correction angles with FBI method and HP method were 43.70° and 51.80°, respectively. There was significant difference between these two methods in terms of predicted correction angle (P=0.001).
Conclusions
In AS patients with only thoracolumbar kyphosis, HP method had greater estimated correction angle than FBI method. Since our experience confirmed that all patients achieved the best equilibrium when C7 plumb line closed to the sacral plateau according to FBI method, HP method could not be safely used instead to calculate the estimated correction angle.
Direct regeneration and morpho-histological study of de novo shoot development from leaf explants of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz.
Authors: Zaytseva Yulianna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz., a rare medicinal and ornamental deciduous multi-branched shrub native to northern parts of East Asia, is a valuable genetic resource for breeding and biotechnological producing bioactive metabolites. To create propagation system of R. mucronulatum, an efficient method of direct shoot regeneration from leaf explants based on thidiazuron (TDZ) and dark treatment was developed, and detailed histological analysis for revealing localization of cell competent to morphogenesis was carried out for the first time. The highest regeneration rate (75%) and number of shoots per explant (an average of 51.7) were achieved under 0.5 µM TDZ and dark treatment. The dark treatment was found to increase the regeneration rate more than two-fold compared to culturing under light conditions. The histological analysis showed that tested TDZ concentrations induced direct organogenesis pathway. The competent to morphogenesis cells were found to locate in epidermal tissue of leaf explants on adaxial side of petiole and lamina base next to main vein. The formation of embryo-like structures was observed on the late morphogenesis stages. It was discovered that parenchymal and epidermal tissues of embryo-like structures were well-separated from explant tissue but its vascular bundle was connected with vascular bundle of explant and had a joining vascular system, and led to adventitious shoots development. The result obtained can promote further establishment of efficient and stable systems for genetic transformation and biomass production of R. mucronulatum.
A single nuclei atlas of aging human abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue
Authors: Sparks Lauren , Whytock Katie , Divoux Adeline , Sun Yifei , Pino Maria , Yu Gongxin , Smith Steven , Walsh Martin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a robust energy storage and endocrine organ critical for maintaining metabolic health as we age. Our aim was to identify cell-specific transcriptional aberrations that occur in WAT with aging. We leveraged full-length snRNA-Seq to characterize the cellular landscape of human subcutaneous WAT in a prospective cohort of 10 Younger (≤ 30 years) and 10 Older individuals (≥ 65 years) balanced for sex and body mass index (BMI). We highlight that aging WAT is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy, increased proportions of resident macrophages (M2), an upregulated innate immune response and senescence profiles in specific adipocyte populations, highlighting CXCL14 as a biomarker of this process. We also identify novel markers of pre-adipocytes and track their expression levels through pre-adipocyte differentiation. We propose that aging WAT is associated with low-grade inflammation that is managed by a foundation of innate immunity to preserve the metabolic health of the WAT.
Efficient Flood Risk Mitigation and Intersectional Equity Implications: A Case Study in New Orleans
Authors: Geldner Nathan , Johnson David , Doss-Gollin James , Keller Klaus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGovernment agencies often require cost-benefit tests for environmental risk mitigation measures. These tests implicitly prioritize more valuable assets and may therefore produce inequitable outcomes. Previous studies propose directly prioritizing vulnerable groups or minimizing Gini coefficients, but these violate popular notions of procedural equity. We propose an alternative non-monetary risk measure which treats homes as equally valuable, improving distributional outcomes without violating procedural norms. As a case study, we compare optimal fixed-budget housing elevation strategies in New Orleans which respectively minimize flood risk measured as (i) economic damage, and (ii) the proportion of a structure’s replacement cost. The latter strategy allocates more resources to impoverished neighborhoods and reduces proportional damage to housing by an additional 11% at the expense of 2% of economic damage. Composite strategies provide more favorable tradeoffs (4% of proportional damage for 0.04% economic damage). This analysis demonstrates the value of non-monetary risk measures in pursuing equitable outcomes.