bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public perceptions of people with eating disorders: Commentary on results from the 2022 Australian national survey of mental health-related stigma and discrimination
Authors: Bryant E. , Touyz S. , Maguire S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMental illness is highly prevalent in the community. As such, significant attention has been paid in recent years to raising awareness of the mental health disorders (including eating disorders). This includes efforts to normalise help-seeking, campaigns to reduce stigma and discrimination, targeted research funding and advocacy for improved and accessible mental health service provision. But have these initiatives changed public attitude? The 2022 National Survey of Mental Health-Related Stigma and Discrimination is the first of four national surveys canvassing the general public’s perceptions of people with mental health disorders (including stigmatising and discriminatory beliefs) conducted since 1995 to include eating disorders. It finds significant prejudice against those with mental health disorders still exists within the community, particularly among younger Australians. For eating disorders, this is primarily related to attributions of blame and personal weakness. Findings from the survey are discussed in this commentary.
Multiparametric detection and outcome prediction of pancreatic cancer involving dual-energy CT, diffusion-weighted MRI, and radiomics
Authors: Koch Vitali , Weitzer Nils , Dos Santos Daniel Pinto , Gruenewald Leon D. , Mahmoudi Scherwin , Martin Simon S. , Eichler Katrin , Bernatz Simon , Gruber-Rouh Tatjana , Booz Christian , Hammerstingl Renate M. , Biciusca Teodora , Rosbach Nicolas , Gökduman Aynur , D’Angelo Tommaso , Finkelmeier Fabian , Yel Ibrahim , Alizadeh Leona S. , Sommer Christof M. , Cengiz Duygu , Vogl Thomas J. , Albrecht Moritz H. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The advent of next-generation computed tomography (CT)- and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) opened many new perspectives in the evaluation of tumor characteristics. An increasing body of evidence suggests the incorporation of quantitative imaging biomarkers into clinical decision-making to provide mineable tissue information. The present study sought to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive value of a multiparametric approach involving radiomics texture analysis, dual-energy CT-derived iodine concentration (DECT-IC), and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) in participants with histologically proven pancreatic cancer.

Methods
In this study, a total of 143 participants (63 years ± 13, 48 females) who underwent third-generation dual-source DECT and DWI between November 2014 and October 2022 were included. Among these, 83 received a final diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, 20 had pancreatitis, and 40 had no evidence of pancreatic pathologies. Data comparisons were performed using chi-square statistic tests, one-way ANOVA, or two-tailed Student’s t-test. For the assessment of the association of texture features with overall survival, receiver operating characteristics analysis and Cox regression tests were used.

Results
Malignant pancreatic tissue differed significantly from normal or inflamed tissue regarding radiomics features (overall P < .001, respectively) and iodine uptake (overall P < .001, respectively). The performance for the distinction of malignant from normal or inflamed pancreatic tissue ranged between an AUC of ≥ 0.995 (95% CI, 0.955–1.0; P < .001) for radiomics features, ≥ 0.852 (95% CI, 0.767–0.914; P < .001) for DECT-IC, and ≥ 0.690 (95% CI, 0.587–0.780; P = .01) for DWI, respectively. During a follow-up of 14 ± 12 months (range, 10–44 months), the multiparametric approach showed a moderate prognostic power to predict all-cause mortality (c-index = 0.778 [95% CI, 0.697–0.864], P = .01).

Conclusions
Our reported multiparametric approach allowed for accurate discrimination of pancreatic cancer and revealed great potential to provide independent prognostic information on all-cause mortality.
Utility of non-contrast Dual Energy Computed Tomography in diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer – two case study
Authors: Durma Adam Daniel , Saracyn Marek , Zegadło Arkadiusz , Kamiński Grzegorz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Dual Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) is a technology that allows for viewing computed tomography spectral images. This method, due to ability of presenting specific elements and substances (like water, calcium and iodine), can be used to locate selected type of tissues. Thyroid tissue due to being rich in endogenous iodine, can be located even without administration of contrast agent.

Case presentation
In presented cases authors used a feature of accumulating endogenous iodine in thyroid derivative tissue for diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer metastases. In Patient One DECT was a decisive parameter qualifying for the surgery. Due to use of DECT in Patient Two it was possible to directly localize thyroid cancer metastases, which was unfeasible using standard techniques (scintigraphy and [18 F]FDG PET/CT). It helped to perform targeted biopsy and confirm diagnosis of thyroid cancer metastases, allowing to introduce treatment with sorafenibe.

Conclusion
DECT confirmed its utility in locating thyroid tissues, including differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) metastases. The method could be used in the future, especially in borderline or ambiguous cases with no localization of DTC in ultrasonography, RAI scintigraphy, or [18 F]FDG PET/CT, and among patients having contraindications for contrast-CT.
The Pterygosphenoidal Triangle: Surgical Anatomy and Case Series in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Xu Yuanzhi , Asmaro Karam , Mohyeldin Ahmed , Zhang Michael , Nunez Maximiliano Alberto , Mao Ying , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A. , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Safe exposure of the lacerum segment of the carotid artery remains a challenge in endoscopic endonasal surgery.

OBJECTIVE:
To introduce the pterygosphenoidal triangle as a novel and reliable landmark for facilitating access to the foramen lacerum.

METHODS:
Fifteen colored silicone–injected anatomic specimens were dissected using an endoscopic endonasal approach to the foramen lacerum region in a stepwise manner. Twelve dried skulls were studied and 30 high-resolution computed tomography scans were analyzed to measure the borders and angles of the pterygosphenoidal triangle. Surgical cases incorporating the foramen lacerum exposure between July 2018 and December 2021 were reviewed to provide surgical outcomes of the proposed surgical technique.

RESULTS:
The pterygosphenoidal triangle is delineated by the pterygosphenoidal fissure medially and the vidian nerve laterally. The palatovaginal artery is located at the base of the triangle anteriorly, while the apex is formed by the pterygoid tubercle posteriorly, which leads to the anterior wall of the foramen lacerum and lacerum internal carotid artery. In the reviewed surgical cases, 39 patients underwent 46 foramen lacerum approaches for resection of pituitary adenoma (12 patients), meningioma (6 patients), chondrosarcoma (5 patients), chordoma (5 patients), or other lesions (11 patients). There were no carotid injuries or ischemic events. Near-total resection was achieved in 33 (85%) of 39 patients (gross-total in 20 [51%]).

CONCLUSION:
This study details the pterygosphenoidal triangle as a novel and practical anatomic surgical landmark for safe and effective exposure of the foramen lacerum in endoscopic endonasal surgery.
4931414P19Rik, a microglia chemoattractant secreted by neural progenitors, modulates neuronal migration during corticogenesis
Authors: Mestres Ivan , Calegari Federico 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Communication between the nervous and immune system is crucial for development, homeostasis and response to injury. Before the onset of neurogenesis, microglia populate the central nervous system, serving as resident immune cells over the course of life. Here, we describe new roles of an uncharacterized transcript upregulated by neurogenic progenitors during mouse corticogenesis: 4931414P19Rik (hereafter named P19). Overexpression of P19 cell-extrinsically inhibited neuronal migration and acted as chemoattractant of microglial cells. Interestingly, effects on neuronal migration were found to result directly from P19 secretion by neural progenitors triggering microglia accumulation within the P19 targeted area. Our findings highlight the crucial role of microglia during brain development and identify P19 as a previously unreported player in the neuro-immune crosstalk.
Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer
Authors: McKigney Niamh , Houston Fergus , Ross Ellen , Velikova Galina , Brown Julia , Harji Deena Pravin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The availability of high-quality patient-reported outcome (PRO) data is crucial to guiding shared decision-making in the context of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC), where potential treatment benefits must be balanced against the impact of both the disease and treatment on PROs, such as quality of life. This review aimed to identify the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) currently being reported in LRRC and to appraise the methodological quality of studies using these measures.

Methods
PubMed, Embase and CINAHL databases were searched, including studies published up until 14th September 2022. Studies in adults with LRRC reporting PROMS as a primary or secondary outcome measure were included. Data were extracted concerning the methodological quality of the reporting of PROMs using criteria informed by the CONSORT-PRO checklist and the psychometric properties of the PROMs identified using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist.

Results
Thirty-five studies including 1914 patients with LRRC were identified. None of the studies included in the review met all eleven criteria for the quality of reporting of PROMs. Seventeen PROMs and two clinician-reported outcome measures were identified, none of which have been validated for use in patients with LRRC.

Conclusions
None of the PROMs which are currently being used to report PROs in LRRC have been validated for use in this cohort of patients. Future studies in this disease area should focus on utilising PROMs that have undergone a robust development process including patients with LRRC, to produce data which is high quality, accurate and relevant.
Functional Group Evaluation Kit for Digitalization of Information on the Functional Group Compatibility and Chemoselectivity of Organic Reactions
Authors: Saito Natsuki , Nawachi Anna , Kondo Yuta , Choi Jeesoo , Morimoto Hiroyuki , Ohshima Takashi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Digitalization of information on organic reactions is essential for developing next-generation organic syntheses with artificial intelligence and machine-learning (ML) methods. In this regard, reliable information on functional group compatibility and chemoselectivity is critical for understanding the applicability of the reactions. Herein, we report the digitalization of organic reactions using a functional group evaluation (FGE) kit that allows for accurate and rapid assessment of information on the functional group compatibility and chemoselectivity of given organic reactions. Our 26 FGE compounds were used to evaluate 4 types of organic reactions (i.e., cross-coupling, proline-catalyzed aldol, condensation, and ketimine synthesis reactions). As a result, we obtained valuable information for developing a new model of retrosynthetic analysis tools and a deeper understanding of these reactions.
A case of dens invaginatus associated with unusual crown morphology
Authors: Murphy Ian , Noar Joseph , Feinberg Lee W 
Published: April 2023

Dens invaginatus occurs in varied forms with potential impact on the restorability, potential for pulpal infection of the tooth and difficulty in undertaking endodontic treatment of the tooth. Diagnosis of dens invaginatus and the particular type of dens invaginatus can be challenging. This article describes abnormality of crown morphology, a classification of dens invaginatus, and its pathology and illustrates the diagnosis and management of an unusual case of dens invaginatus in a maxillary left second permanent molar diagnosed with the help of CBCT. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dens invaginatus is a common occurrence and therefore all dentists need to have an appreciation of it.
Assessing inferior dental nerve injury risk in orthograde root canal treatment
Authors: Cruci Paul , Gaon Allen , Crean St John , Brown Jackie , Rout John 
Published: April 2023

Nerve injury associated with root canal treatment is relatively rare, but can lead to significant morbidity. The role of 2D and 3D radiography in case assessment is explored and a new three-tier grading system is proposed to aid in risk assessment and clinical decision-making. This grading system would assist dentists to fully appraise patients, gain appropriate informed consent and guide treatment of endodontic cases where there is an increased risk of nerve injury. CPD/Clinical Relevance: A new three-tier grading system to assist in the pre-operative assessment and risk management of endodontic cases where there is an increased risk of nerve injury is proposed.
Optimal trade-off filters for compressed Raman classification and spectrum reconstruction
Authors: Justel Timothée , Galland Frédéric , Roueff Antoine 
Published: April 2023

Compressed Raman spectroscopy is a promising technique for fast chemical analysis. In particular, classification between species with known spectra can be performed with measures acquired through a few binary filters. Moreover, it is possible to reconstruct spectra by using enough filters. As classification and reconstruction are competing, designing filters allowing one to perform both tasks is challenging. To tackle this problem, we propose to build optimal trade-off filters, i.e., filters so that there exist no filters achieving better performance in both classification and reconstruction. With this approach, users get an overview of reachable performance and can choose the trade-off most fitting their application.
Mental health and addiction health service use by physicians compared to non-physicians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Myran Daniel T. , Roberts Rhiannon , McArthur Eric , Jeyakumar Nivethika , Hensel Jennifer M. , Kendall Claire , Gerin-Lajoie Caroline , McFadden Taylor , Simon Christopher , Garg Amit X. , Sood Manish M. , Tanuseputro Peter 
Published: April 2023

Background
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID–19) pandemic has exacerbated mental health challenges among physicians and non–physicians. However, it is unclear if the worsening mental health among physicians is due to specific occupational stressors, reflective of general societal stressors during the pandemic, or a combination. We evaluated the difference in mental health and addictions health service use between physicians and non–physicians, before and during the COVID–19 pandemic.

Methods and findings
We conducted a population–based cohort study in Ontario, Canada between March 11, 2017 and August 11, 2021 using data collected from Ontario’s universal health system. Physicians were identified using registrations with the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario between 1990 and 2020. Participants included 41,814 physicians and 12,054,070 non–physicians. We compared the first 18 months of the COVID–19 pandemic (March 11, 2020 to August 11, 2021) to the period before COVID–19 pandemic (March 11, 2017 to February 11, 2020). The primary outcome was mental health and addiction outpatient visits overall and subdivided into virtual versus in–person, psychiatrists versus family medicine and general practice clinicians. We used generalized estimating equations for the analyses.
Pre–pandemic, after adjustment for age and sex, physicians had higher rates of psychiatry visits (aIRR 3.91 95% CI 3.55 to 4.30) and lower rates of family medicine visits (aIRR 0.62 95% CI 0.58 to 0.66) compared to non–physicians. During the first 18 months of the COVID–19 pandemic, the rate of outpatient mental health and addiction (MHA) visits increased by 23.2% in physicians (888.4 pre versus 1,094.7 during per 1,000 person–years, aIRR 1.39 95% CI 1.28 to 1.51) and 9.8% in non–physicians (615.5 pre versus 675.9 during per 1,000 person–years, aIRR 1.12 95% CI 1.09 to 1.14). Outpatient MHA and virtual care visits increased more among physicians than non–physicians during the first 18 months of the pandemic. Limitations include residual confounding between physician and non–physicians and challenges differentiating whether observed increases in MHA visits during the pandemic are due to stressors or changes in health care access.

Conclusions
The first 18 months of the COVID–19 pandemic was associated with a larger increase in outpatient MHA visits in physicians than non–physicians. These findings suggest physicians may have had larger negative mental health during COVID–19 than the general population and highlight the need for increased access to mental health services and system level changes to promote physician wellness.
eHealth Familias Unidas Mental Health: Protocol for an effectiveness-implementation hybrid Type 1 trial to scale a mental health preventive intervention for Hispanic youth in primary care settings
Authors: Estrada Yannine , Lozano Alyssa , Boga Devina , Tapia Maria I. , Perrino Tatiana , Velazquez Maria Rosa , Forster Lourdes , Torres Nicole , Morales Cecilia V. , Gwynn Lisa , Beardslee William R. , Brown C. Hendricks , Prado Guillermo 
Published: April 2023

This article focuses on the rationale, design and methods of an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type I randomized trial of eHealth Familias Unidas Mental Health, a family-based, online delivered intervention for Hispanic families to prevent/reduce depressive and anxious symptoms, suicide ideation/behaviors, and drug use in Hispanic youth. Utilizing a rollout design with 18 pediatric primary care clinics and 468 families, this study addresses intervention effectiveness, implementation research questions, and intervention sustainment, to begin bridging the gap between research and practice in eliminating mental health and drug use disparities among Hispanic youth. Further, we will examine whether intervention effects are partially mediated by improved family communication and reduced externalizing behaviors, including drug use, and moderated by parental depression. Finally, we will explore whether the intervention’s impact on mental health and drug use, as well as sustainment of the intervention in clinics, varies by quality of implementation at clinic and clinician levels.
Trail registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05426057, First posted June 21, 2022.
A survey on some vanishing viscosity limit results
Authors: Beirão da Veiga Hugo , Crispo Francesca 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present a survey concerning the convergence, as the viscosity goes to zero, of the solutions to the three-dimensional evolutionary Navier-Stokes equations to solutions of the Euler equations. After considering the Cauchy problem, particular attention is given to the convergence under Navier slip-type boundary conditions. We show that, in the presence of flat boundaries (typically, the half-space case), convergence holds, uniformly in time, with respect to the initial data’s norm. In spite of this result (and of a similar result for arbitrary two-dimensional domains), strong inviscid limit results are proved to be false in general domains, in correspondence to a very large family of smooth initial data. In Section 6, we present a result in this direction.
Aristotle on the Beginning of Animal Life and Soul Activities
Authors: Schriefl Anna , Segev Mor 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
For Aristotle, animals, by contrast to plants, possess a perceptual soul. However, there is disagreement concerning the point at which the perceptual soul is acquired, for him. On one influential interpretation, Aristotle thinks that the perceptual soul is acquired not during the initial formation of the embryo, but at some later stage of its development. On such interpretations of Aristotle’s view, the newly formed embryo is not yet an actual animal, but a plant-like living being or even inanimate matter. We argue, by contrast, that Aristotle views the embryo, from the very beginning, as an actual animal exercising basic nutritive and perceptual functions. We show that this interpretation is consistent with Aristotle’s views on embryogenesis in the GA, HA, PA, and the Metaphysics.
Non-isothermal simulation of a corner vortex within entry flow for a viscoelastic fluid
Authors: Tseng Huan-Chang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A modified White-Metzner viscoelastic constitutive equation is incorporated into the state-of-the-art Three Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (3D-CFD) framework for performing isothermal and non-isothermal entry flow simulations of a polymer melt. As a result, the corner vortex becomes smaller with increased isothermal temperature, namely, the so-called temperature-induced vortex reduction. In addition, the vortex grows with raising wall temperatures, whereas the vortex reduction is found under high inlet temperatures. Through the visualized flow patterns, it is significant to investigate the dramatic variations of vortex size in relation to fluid temperature, weighted viscosity and extension rate, as well as Weissenberg number and Trouton ratio.
ABCC8-related maturity-onset diabetes of the young: switching from insulin to sulphonylurea therapy: how long do we need for a good metabolic control?
Authors: Evin Ferda , Işık Esra , Onay Hüseyin , Özen Samim , Darcan Şükran , Gökşen Damla 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Activating variants of the ABCC8 gene cause neonatal diabetes or maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). We report three cases of MODY type 12 caused by variants in the ABCC8 encoding sulphonylurea receptor 1, and the experience of switching from insulin therapy to sulphonylurea therapy.

Case presentations
We describe a 12.5-year-old girl with permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus, and two diabetes mellitus cases with variants in the ABCC8 gene. Two of these cases were successfully switched from subcutaneous insulin to oral glibenclamide, with a marked improvement in glycemic control. In permanent neonatal diabetes case, glibenclamide dose was progressively increased to achieve a full dose (2 mg/kg/day) in 9 days. Nine months after starting oral sulphonylurea therapy, her blood glucose control dramatically improved and insulin therapy was discontinued.

Conclusions
We conclude that patients with ABCC8 gene variants can successfully switch from insulin to sulphonylureas.