bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterostructural Ni‐Ni0.2Mo0.8N Interface Engineering Boosts Alkaline Hydrogen Electrocatalysis
Authors: An LuLu , Yang Junhao , Zhu Jiang , Yang Chang , Zhao Xu , Wang Deli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExploring efficient and low‐cost bifunctional catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is highly desirable for the achievement of unitized regenerative fuel cells. Herein, a facile method to prepare hetero‐interfacial Ni‐Ni0.2Mo0.8N nanosheets with tailoredd‐band for efficient alkaline hydrogen electrocatalysis is presented. Mechanism studies indicate that interface engineering can downshift thed‐band center of Ni‐Ni0.2Mo0.8N nanosheets due to the electron transfer from Ni to Ni0.2Mo0.8N, which weakens the binding strength of reaction intermediates, thereby boosting the catalytic performance. Relative to pure Ni, Ni‐Ni0.2Mo0.8N nanosheets show a lower overpotential of 83 mV at −10 mA cm−2and good stability during 2,000 cycles for HER. Meanwhile, Ni‐Ni0.2Mo0.8N nanosheets exhibit an improved exchange current density for HOR with a 10.2‐fold enhancement in comparison with that of pure Ni. This work provides valuable insight into the reasonable design of efficient energy‐related electrocatalysts based on the tailoring ofd‐band center by interface engineering.
Acne and its association with internalizing problems
Authors: Hammill Charlotte , Vaillancourt Tracy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAcne vulgaris or “acne” is a prevalent and burdensome cutaneous condition that has been linked with unique mental health implications. Clinical (i.e., general and social anxiety, and major depression) and subclinical indicators (e.g., excessive worry, social self‐consciousness, and low self‐esteem) of internalizing disorders have been associated with acne across demographics (e.g., age groups and cultures). Considering the persistent burden of disease associated with these mental health outcomes, our primary aim was to concretely synthesize the relation between acne and internalizing symptoms. A secondary aim was to address the role that combined oral contraceptives and isotretinoin (e.g., Accutane), widely prescribed medical treatments for acne, may play in this relation as both have been linked to depression and anxiety. We discuss practical implications that may strengthen the effective biopsychosocial management of acne for suffering individuals. This review actively upholds and amplifies the call for longitudinal research that integrates the developmental psychology and dermatology literature to effectively treat acne in its entirety, including mental health.
The impact of dopamine receptor D4, temperamental negativity, and household chaos on young twins’ externalizing behaviors
Authors: Jamnik Matthew R. , DiLalla Lisabeth Fisher 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiological and genetic factors, as well as contextual influences, contribute to the etiology of externalizing behaviors in children and adolescents. The current project used a longitudinal design to examine how individual vulnerability for externalizing behavior is influenced by the interplay among biological/genetic and environmental factors, and how this occurs across development. We investigated the influence of dopamine receptor D4 genotype (DRD4), child temperament, and household chaos on children's externalizing behaviors using a sample of twins/triplets tested at the ages of 4 and 5 years (n = 229), including a subset of these who were tested again in middle childhood (ages 7–13 years; n = 174). Multilevel linear regression modeling demonstrated that the DRD4‐7repeat genotype, 4‐year‐old negative affectivity, and household chaos at the age of 4 years were related to 5‐year‐old externalizing behaviors. Stability in externalizing behaviors from the age of 5 years to middle childhood was demonstrated. A significant interaction between DRD4 and household chaos showed that children with no 7‐repeat DRD4 alleles had significantly higher levels of externalizing in homes with extremely low levels of parent‐reported chaos, suggesting a “goodness‐of‐fit” pattern of gene–environment interaction. These findings suggest that risk for childhood externalizing behaviors is likely multifaceted and differs across developmental periods.
Loss of myocardial Hey2/Hrt2 function disrupts rightward shift of atrioventricular cushion tissue and causes tricuspid atresia
Authors: Okumura Kazuki , Ioka Tomoko , Sakabe Masahide 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndocardial cushion tissue is primordia of the valves and septa of the adult heart, and its malformation causes various congenital heart diseases (CHDs). Tricuspid atresia (TA) is defined as congenital absence or agenesis of the tricuspid valve caused by endocardial cushion defects. However, little is known about what type of endocardial cushion defect causes TA.ResultsUsing three‐dimensional volume rendering image analysis, we demonstrated morphological changes of endocardial cushion tissue in developing Hey2/Hrt2 KO mouse embryos that showed malformation of the tricuspid valve, which resembled human TA at neonatal period. In control embryos, atrioventricular (AV) endocardial cushion tissues showed rightward shift to form a tricuspid valve. However, the rightward shift of endocardial cushion tissue was disrupted in Hey2/Hrt2 KO embryos, leading to the misalignment of AV cushions. We also found that muscular tissue filled up the space between the right atrium and ventricle, resulting in the absence of the tricuspid valve. Moreover, analysis using tissue‐specific conditional KO mice showed that HEY2/HRT2‐expressing myocardium may physically regulate the AV shift.ConclusionDisruption of rightward cushion movement is an initial cue of TA phenotype, and myocardial HEY2/HRT2 is necessary for the regulation of proper alignment of AV endocardial cushion tissue.
Negative outcomes of novel trophic interactions along mangrove range edges
Authors: Goeke Janelle A. , Foster Emelie M. , Armitage Anna R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTropicalization is a phenomenon that is changing the structure of ecosystems around the world. Mangrove encroachment is a particular form of tropicalization that may have cascading consequences for resident fauna in subtropical coastal wetlands. There is a knowledge gap regarding the extent of interactions between basal consumers and mangroves along mangrove range edges and the consequences of these novel interactions for consumers. This study focuses on the key coastal wetland consumers, Littoraria irrorata (marsh periwinkle) and Uca rapax (mudflat fiddler crabs), and their interactions with encroaching Avicennia germinans (black mangrove) in the Gulf of Mexico, USA. In food preference assays, Littoraria avoided consuming Avicennia and selectively ingested leaf tissue from a common marsh grass, Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass), a preference that was also previously documented in Uca. The quality of Avicennia as a food source was determined by measuring the energy storage of consumers that had interacted with either Avicennia or marsh plants in the lab and the field. Littoraria and Uca both stored ~10% less energy when interacting with Avicennia, despite their different feeding behaviors and physiologies. The negative consequences of mangrove encroachment for these species at the individual level suggest that there may be negative population‐level effects as encroachment continues. Many studies have documented shifts in floral and faunal communities following mangrove replacement of salt marsh vegetation, but this study is the first to identify physiological responses that may be contributing to these shifts.
A Mechanistic Perspective on the Mechanochemical Method To Reduce Carbonyl Groups with Stainless Steel and Water
Authors: Mokhtar Mennatullah M. , Andersen Joel M. , Kister Ethan A. , Hopkins Jordan X. , Estier Tom , Hamilton Fiona , Guan Hairong , Mack James , Haley Rebecca A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMechanochemistry through high‐speed ball milling has become an increasingly popular method for performing organic transformations. This newfound interest in high‐speed ball milling is in part driven by the benefit of performing reactions in the absence of solvent. Mechanochemical reactions are often conducted in stainless‐steel vials with stainless‐steel balls. Since stainless steel is made of several readily oxidizable metals (Fe, Cr, and Ni), reduction reactions using water as a hydrogen source were explored using a temperature‐controlled mixer mill. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reduction proceeds via a single electron transfer (SET) pathway, with iron and nickel being essential components for the reaction.
Genotoxicity evaluation of orally administered styrene monomer in mice using comet, micronucleus, and Pig‐a endpoints
Authors: Gollapudi B. Bhaskar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMale B6C3F1 mice were administered styrene monomer by oral gavage for 29 consecutive days at dose levels of 0, 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg/day. The highest dose level represented the maximum tolerated dose based on findings in a 28‐day dose range‐finding study, in which the bioavailability of orally administered styrene was also confirmed. The positive control group received ethyl nitrosourea (ENU; 51.7 mg/kg/day) on Study Days 1–3 and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS; 150 mg/kg/day) on Study Days 27–29 by oral gavage. Approximately 3 h following the final dose, blood was collected to assess erythrocyte Pig‐a mutant and micronucleus frequencies. DNA strand breakage was assessed in glandular stomach, duodenum, kidney, liver, and lung tissues using the alkaline comet assay. The %tail DNA for stomach, liver, lung, and kidney in the comet assay among the styrene‐treated groups was neither significantly different from the respective vehicle controls nor was there any dose‐related increasing trend in any of the tissues; results for duodenum were interpreted to be inconclusive because of technical issues. The Pig‐a and micronucleus frequencies among styrene‐treated groups also did not show significant increases relative to the vehicle controls and there was also no evidence for a dose‐related increasing trend. Thus, orally administered styrene did not induce DNA damage, mutagenesis, or clastogenesis/aneugenesis in these Organization of Economic Co‐operation and Development test guideline‐compliant genotoxicity studies. Data from these studies can contribute to the overall assessment of genotoxic hazard and risk posed to humans potentially exposed to styrene.
Analysis of the operating characteristics of hydrogen PEM fuel cell and battery onelectric vehicle in different driving cycles
Authors: Gürbüz Hüseyin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBattery cost, short‐range, and long charging time problems await effective solutions in electric vehicles, where the fight against pollutant emissions from vehicles comes to the fore. In order to solve these issues effectively, vehicles should be equipped with a compatible fuel cell. Therefore, in this study, a hydrogen‐powered PEM fuel cell (PEMFC) and a battery‐powered electric vehicle model were created with GT Suite simulation software. This simulation model vehicle was operated under FTP75, NEDC, and WLTC class 3 driving cycle conditions, and the performance analysis of the PEM fuel cell and the battery was conducted. Along with the contribution of PEMFC, an increase of 113% was calculated for the potential range of Fuel Cell Battery Electric Vehicle (FCBEV) on a single charge. Although the battery provides energy quickly at sudden vehicle accelerations, the fuel cell supplied the necessary energy with a delay. With the PEMFC, a total of 4224.23, 19386.9, and 13596.9 kW of energy were stored by charging the battery, and 0.885, 0.449, and 0.878 kg of hydrogen were consumed in the FTP 75, NEDC, and WLTC tests, respectively. Accordingly, NEDC is the driving cycle that stores the most energy and consumes the least hydrogen.
Determinants of access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking in Africa: A panel autoregressive distributed lag approach
Authors: Onyeneke Robert Ugochukwu , Chidiebere‐Mark Nneka Maris , Ankrah Daniel Adu , Onyeneke Louis Uchenna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClean cooking fuels and technologies remain essential in addressing the climate crises, environmental degradation, deforestation, air pollution, health complications, and poverty. Nevertheless, many countries in Africa lack access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking. The extant literature remains scarce on the determinants of clean cooking fuels and technologies using macroeconomic indicators covering many African countries in a single study. This article addresses this gap using panel data from 38 African countries. The paper shows that rural population, particulate matter emission, and natural resources depletion significantly decreased access to clean cooking fuels and technologies in the long run while the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita significantly increased access to clean cooking fuels and technologies in the long run in Africa. The results show a bi‐causal relationship between clean cooking fuels and technologies and rural population, GDP per capita, natural resource depletion, and particulate emissions damage. Understanding the determinants of clean cooking fuels and technologies will expand insights into addressing challenges associated with particulate emission damages. Governments in Africa should target improvements in GDP per capita, promote advocacies, and advocate for investments to address the limited access to clean cooking fuels and technologies, particularly for the rural poor.
Cannabidiol in the acute phase of febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES)
Authors: Fetta Anna , Crotti Elisa , Campostrini Elena , Bergonzini Luca , Cesaroni Carlo Alberto , Conti Francesca , Di Pisa Veronica , Gentile Valentina , Mondardini Maria Cristina , Vezzoli Cesare , Giordano Lucio , Cordelli Duccio Maria 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFebrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a prolonged refractory status epilepticus (SE) that develops among healthy individuals after a febrile infection. FIRES treatment is challenging due to its poor response to antiseizure medications (ASMs) and anesthetic drugs. The use of cannabidiol (CBD) as an adjunctive treatment has been suggested, albeit data about its role in the acute phase is lacking. This report describes the use of purified CBD in the acute phase of two pediatric cases of FIRES and their long‐term outcome. Both children were treated with several ASMs, immunomodulators, anesthetics, and nonpharmacological treatment (ketogenic diet). CBD was administered, as an adjunctive treatment, through nasogastric tube about 30 days after onset. SE resolved within 3 days of reaching the target dose and both were seizure‐free for 1 year after. Although it is difficult to define the extent to which each previous therapy contributed to recovery, in both cases CBD therapy was a turning point, reinforcing its potential role as add‐on treatment in the acute phase of FIRES.
High Sensitivity of the Antarctic Rotifer Adineta editae to Metals and Ecological Relevance in Contaminated Site Risk Assessments
Authors: Brown Kathryn E. , Koppel Darren J. , Price Gwilym A. V. , King Catherine K. , Adams Merrin S. , Jolley Dianne F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Anthropogenic activities in Antarctica have led to contamination of terrestrial sites, and soils in ice-free areas have elevated concentrations of metals, particularly around current and historic research stations. Effective management of Antarctic contaminated sites depends on the assessment of risks to a representative range of native terrestrial species. Bdelloid rotifers are an abundant and biodiverse component of Antarctic limnoterrestrial communities and play a key role in nutrient cycling in Antarctic ecosystems. The present study investigates the toxicity of five metals (cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc) to the endemic bdelloid rotifer Adineta editae, both singly and in metal mixtures. Based on the concentrations tested, zinc was the most toxic metal to survival with a 7-day median lethal concentration (LC50) of 344 µg Zn/L, followed by cadmium with a 7-day LC50 of 1542 µg Cd/L. Rotifers showed high sensitivity using cryptobiosis (chemobiosis) as a sublethal behavioral endpoint. Chemobiosis was triggered in A. editae at low metal concentrations (e.g., 6 µg/L Pb) and is likely a protective mechanism and survival strategy to minimize exposure to stressful conditions. Lead and copper were most toxic to rotifer behavior, with 4-day median effect concentrations (EC50s) of 18 and 27 µg/L, respectively, followed by zinc and cadmium (4-day EC50 values of 52 and 245 µg/L, respectively). The response of rotifers to the metal mixtures was antagonistic, with less toxicity observed than was predicted by the model developed from the single-metal exposure data. The present study provides evidence that this bdelloid rotifer represents a relatively sensitive microinvertebrate species to metals and is recommended for use in contaminant risk assessments in Antarctica. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1409–1419. © 2023 SETAC
Pleistocene freshwater ostracods from the Homo erectus site at Bilzingsleben, Germany—Review of historic collection and unpublished manuscript material for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction
Authors: Daniel Thomas , Frenzel Peter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe provide a review of micropalaeontological research on Ostracoda from the Middle Pleistocene (MIS 11, Holstein interglacial) hominin site Bilzingsleben in Thuringia in Central Germany from 1963 to the 1990s. Samples from four sections inside and six search pits outside the excavation area were investigated and, in total, 49 ostracod species were identified. The ostracod assemblages of the sections mirror the complex and small‐scale palaeoenvironmental evolution of the site from a seeping‐spring to fluviatile, lacustrine and finally seeping‐spring habitat in which a massive tufa layer formed and prevented erosion of the sediments beneath. Pleistocene index fossils are represented by Ilyocypris quinculminata from search pit 3/sample 9933 and Scottia browniana from section 70. Both species indicate the age dating of MIS 11 for the tufa deposit. The results of this study facilitate new insights into site formation processes, enable refinement of the interpretation of the archaeological record and shed light on the question: Does the find‐bearing layer at the Bilzingsleben site contain in situ remains of a camp site of Homo erectus or not? Our results suggest that the site is not unaffected at least.
Willingness to receive COVID‐19 booster dose and its associated factors in Ghana: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Storph Rebecca Peniel , Essuman Mainprice Akuoko , Duku‐Takyi Ruth , Akotua Albert , Asante Samuel , Armah Richard , Donkoh Irene Esi , Addo Prince Anim 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe COVID‐19 booster dose has been cited as an important supplement for the control of the COVID‐19 pandemic due to reports of waning immunity among fully vaccinated persons. Determining factors that would affect its acceptability is necessary for initiating successful vaccination programs. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the acceptability of the COVID‐19 booster dose in Ghana.MethodsWe conducted an online cross‐sectional survey among the public. A self‐administered questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, willingness to vaccinate, perceptions toward COVID‐19 vaccines, and trust in the government. Participants provided reasons and sources of advice that may affect their willingness to accept a booster dose. Using IBM SPSS and R Statistic; descriptive, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsOut of 812 respondents, 375 (46.2%) intended to accept the booster dose. Individuals who were males (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07−2.48), had previously received other forms of vaccination twice (aOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.07−3.57) or in most years (aOR 2.51, 95% CI 1.38−4.57), tested positive for COVID‐19 (aOR 3.46, 95% CI 1.23−10.52), have high trust in government (aOR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.15‐2.74) and had positive perceptions regarding COVID‐19 vaccines (OR = 14.24, 95% CI: 9.28−22.44) were more likely to accept a booster dose. Experiencing side effects from the primer dose (aOR 0.12, 95% CI 0.08−0.18) was associated with reduced acceptance. Concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy were the common reasons impeding willingness, while advice from health professionals would be the most considered.ConclusionLow intention to accept the booster dose which is associated with a range of factors including the perception of vaccines and trust in the government, is a cause for concern. Thus, more effort would have to be taken through education and policy interventions to increase booster vaccine acceptability.
Dynamics of Brownian motion and flux conditions on naturally unsteady thermophoretic flow with variable fluid properties
Authors: Kumar Poshala Vijay , Sivakumar Narsu , Shukla Pankaj , Prakash Putta , Durgaprasad Putta , Krishna Chekolu Murali , Raju Chakravarthula Siva Krishnam , Reddy Gottam Viswanatha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work examines the boundary flow difficulties of the past and the heat transfer properties of Blasius and Sakiadis flows under prescribed concentration flux and prescribed heat flux. The nanofluid is also taken into account in this model, along with impacts from Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The modified system governing partial differential equations is numerically solved by using the R‐K method along with the shooting technique. Various values of physical quantities like thermophoresis parameter, Brownian motion parameter, Eckert number, thermal radiation parameter, heat source parameter, and magnetic field parameter along with the were calculated using the temperature, concentration, and velocity profiles. Finally, we demonstrated how the Brownian motion, radiation, and thermophoresis parameters can significantly increase the temperature distributions. The concentration distributions were decelerated with an increase in Brownian motion parameters for both Blasius and Sakiadis cases.
‘The system is unfair’: Uncontrollable attributions for inequality predict more equitable giving in adolescents
Authors: Gonzalez Antonya M. , Koepf Isabella , McLean Kate C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSocioeconomic position is often determined by uncontrollable, structural factors, yet people from the United States tend to attribute wealth and poverty to individual control. However, information about behavioural correlates of such beliefs across development is relatively lacking. Thus, we examined adolescents' reasoning about the causes of inequality in a sample of 599 adolescents from a socioeconomically, ethnically, and racially diverse middle school (grades 6–8). Additionally, early adolescents were presented with two novel groups with an unexplained wealth disparity and given a task in which they could perpetuate or rectify inequality. We found that while adolescents tended to give equitably and rectify the inequality, this outcome was predicted by the type of explanation they gave for societal inequality. Furthermore, participants' socioeconomic status and sexual identity predicted their inequality explanations. These results add to our knowledge of adolescent reasoning about inequality by demonstrating a potential link between attributions for inequality and giving behaviour.