bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) mediates sex differences in binge drinking through central taste circuits
Authors: Maddern Xavier J. , Letherby Bethany , Ch’ng Sarah S. , Pearl Amy , Gogos Andrea , Lawrence Andrew J. , Walker Leigh C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe neuropeptide cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) has been implicated in alcohol consumption and reward behaviours, yet mechanisms mediating these effects have yet to be identified. Using a transgenic CART knockout (KO) mouse line we uncovered a sexually dimorphic effect of CART in binge drinking, with male CART KO mice increasing intake, whilst female CART KO mice decreased their alcohol intake compared to controls. Female CART KO mice show greater sensitivity to bitter solutions that can be overshadowed through addition of a sweetener, implicating taste as a factor. Further we identify that this is not driven through peripherally circulating sex hormones, but the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is a locus where CART contributes to the regulation of alcohol consumption, with CeA CART neutralisation specifically reducing plain alcohol, but not sweetened alcohol consumption in female mice. These findings may have implications for the development of sex-specific treatment options for alcohol use disorders through targeting the CART system.
Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and surveillance of BAP1 tumour predisposition syndrome
Authors: Lalloo Fiona , Kulkarni Anju , Chau Cindy , Nielsen Maartje , Sheaff Michael , Steele Jeremy , van Doorn Remco , Wadt Karin , Hamill Monica , Torr Beth , Tischkowitz Marc ,   Delphi respondents, Ahmed Munaza , Bajalica-Lagercrantz Svetlana , Blatnik Ana , Brunet Joan , Cleaver Ruth , Colas Chrystelle , Dabir Tabib , Evans D. Gareth , Feshtali Shirin , Ghiorzo Paola , Graversen Lise , Griewank Klaus , Helgadottir Hildur , Jewell Rosalyn , Kohut Kelly , Lorentzen Henrik , Massi Daniela , Missotten Guy , Murray Alex , Murray Jennie , Nadal Ernest , Ong Kai Ren , Piulats Josep M. , Puig Susana , Rajan Neil , Ribero Simone , Salle Galateau , Teulé Alexandre , Tham Emma , van Paassen Barbara , De Putter Robin , Verdijk Robert , Wagner Anja , Woodward Emma R. , Hanson Helen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) is a recognised tumour suppressor gene. Germline BAP1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants are associated with predisposition to multiple tumours, including uveal melanoma, malignant pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma and specific non-malignant neoplasms of the skin, as part of the autosomal dominant BAP1-tumour predisposition syndrome. The overall lifetime risk for BAP1 carriers to develop at least one BAP1-associated tumour is up to 85%, although due to ascertainment bias, current estimates of risk are likely to be overestimated. As for many rare cancer predisposition syndromes, there is limited scientific evidence to support the utility of surveillance and, therefore, management recommendations for BAP1 carriers are based on expert opinion. To date, European recommendations for BAP1 carriers have not been published but are necessary due to the emerging phenotype of this recently described syndrome and increased identification of BAP1 carriers via large gene panels or tumour sequencing. To address this, the Clinical Guideline Working Group of the CanGene-CanVar project in the United Kingdom invited European collaborators to collaborate to develop guidelines to harmonize surveillance programmes within Europe. Recommendations with respect to BAP1 testing and surveillance were achieved following literature review and Delphi survey completed by a core group and an extended expert group of 34 European specialists including Geneticists, Ophthalmologists, Oncologists, Dermatologists and Pathologists. It is recognised that these largely evidence-based but pragmatic recommendations will evolve over time as further data from research collaborations informs the phenotypic spectrum and surveillance outcomes.
Combining Fe nanoparticles and pyrrole-type Fe-N4 sites on less-oxygenated carbon supports for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Wang Cai , Wang Xiaoyu , Ren Houan , Zhang Yilin , Zhou Xiaomei , Wang Jing , Guan Qingxin , Liu Yuping , Li Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA great challenge for electrochemical CO2 reduction is to improve energy efficiency, which requires reducing overpotential while increasing product Faraday efficiency. Here, we designedly synthesize a hybrid electrocatalyst consisting of Fe nanoparticles, pyrrole-type Fe-N4 sites and less-oxygenated carbon supports, which exhibits a remarkable CO Faraday efficiency above 99% at an ultralow overpotential of 21 mV, reaching the highest cathode energy efficiency of 97.1% to date. The catalyst also can afford a CO selectivity nearly 100% with a high cathode energy efficiency (>90%) at least 100 h. The combined results of control experiments, in situ characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that introducing Fe nanoparticles can reduce the overpotential by accelerating the proton transfer from CO2 to *COOH and lowering the free energy for *COOH formation, constructing pyrrole-type Fe-N4 sites and limiting oxygen species on carbon supports can increase CO Faraday efficiency through inhibiting the H2 evolution, thus achieving energy-efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction to CO.
Molecular features and clinical implications of the heterogeneity in Chinese patients with HER2-low breast cancer
Authors: Dai Lei-Jie , Ma Ding , Xu Yu-Zheng , Li Ming , Li Yu-Wei , Xiao Yi , Jin Xi , Wu Song-Yang , Zhao Ya-Xin , Wang Han , Yang Wen-Tao , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe molecular heterogeneity and distinct features of HER2-low breast cancers, particularly in the Chinese population, are not well understood, limiting its precise management in the era of antibody‒drug conjugates. To address this issue, we established a cohort of 434 Chinese patients with HER2-low breast cancer (433 female and one male) and integrated genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic profiling data. In this cohort, HER2-low tumors are more distinguished from HER2-0 tumors in the hormone receptor–negative subgroup. Within HER2-low tumors, significant interpatient heterogeneity also exists in the hormone receptor–negative subgroup: basal-like tumors resemble HER2-0 disease, and non-basal-like HER2-low tumors mimic HER2-positive disease. These non-basal-like HER2-low tumors are enriched in the HER2-enriched subtype and the luminal androgen receptor subtype and feature PIK3CA mutation, FGFR4/PTK6/ERBB4 overexpression and lipid metabolism activation. Among hormone receptor–positive tumors, HER2-low tumors show less loss/deletion in 17q peaks than HER2-0 tumors. In this work, we reveal the heterogeneity of HER2-low breast cancers and emphasize the need for more precise stratification regarding hormone receptor status and molecular subtype.
Cultivation of marine bacteria of the SAR202 clade
Authors: Lim Yeonjung , Seo Ji-Hui , Giovannoni Stephen J. , Kang Ilnam , Cho Jang-Cheon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBacteria of the SAR202 clade, within the phylum Chloroflexota, are ubiquitously distributed in the ocean but have not yet been cultivated in the lab. It has been proposed that ancient expansions of catabolic enzyme paralogs broadened the spectrum of organic compounds that SAR202 bacteria could oxidize, leading to transformations of the Earth’s carbon cycle. Here, we report the successful cultivation of SAR202 bacteria from surface seawater using dilution-to-extinction culturing. The growth of these strains is very slow (0.18–0.24 day−1) and is inhibited by exposure to light. The genomes, of ca. 3.08 Mbp, encode archaella (archaeal motility structures) and multiple sets of enzyme paralogs, including 80 genes coding for enolase superfamily enzymes and 44 genes encoding NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases. We propose that these enzyme paralogs participate in multiple parallel pathways for non-phosphorylative catabolism of sugars and sugar acids. Indeed, we demonstrate that SAR202 strains can utilize several substrates that are metabolized through the predicted pathways, such as sugars ʟ-fucose and ʟ-rhamnose, as well as their lactone and acid forms.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase operates as an intramolecular nitroxyl generator during macrophage metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Palmieri Erika M. , Holewinski Ronald , McGinity Christopher L. , Pierri Ciro L. , Maio Nunziata , Weiss Jonathan M. , Tragni Vincenzo , Miranda Katrina M. , Rouault Tracey A. , Andresson Thorkell , Wink David A. , McVicar Daniel W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractM1 macrophages enter a glycolytic state when endogenous nitric oxide (NO) reprograms mitochondrial metabolism by limiting aconitase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. Here, we provide evidence that NO targets the PDH complex by using lipoate to generate nitroxyl (HNO). PDH E2-associated lipoate is modified in NO-rich macrophages while the PDH E3 enzyme, also known as dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), is irreversibly inhibited. Mechanistically, we show that lipoate facilitates NO-mediated production of HNO, which interacts with thiols forming irreversible modifications including sulfinamide. In addition, we reveal a macrophage signature of proteins with reduction-resistant modifications, including in DLD, and identify potential HNO targets. Consistently, DLD enzyme is modified in an HNO-dependent manner at Cys477 and Cys484, and molecular modeling and mutagenesis show these modifications impair the formation of DLD homodimers. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that HNO is produced physiologically. Moreover, the production of HNO is dependent on the lipoate-rich PDH complex facilitating irreversible modifications that are critical to NO-dependent metabolic rewiring.
Desmoplastic stroma restricts T cell extravasation and mediates immune exclusion and immunosuppression in solid tumors
Authors: Xiao Zebin , Todd Leslie , Huang Li , Noguera-Ortega Estela , Lu Zhen , Huang Lili , Kopp Meghan , Li Yue , Pattada Nimisha , Zhong Wenqun , Guo Wei , Scholler John , Liousia Maria , Assenmacher Charles-Antoine , June Carl H. , Albelda Steven M. , Puré Ellen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe desmoplastic stroma in solid tumors presents a formidable challenge to immunotherapies that rely on endogenous or adoptively transferred T cells, however, the mechanisms are poorly understood. To define mechanisms involved, here we treat established desmoplastic pancreatic tumors with CAR T cells directed to fibroblast activation protein (FAP), an enzyme highly overexpressed on a subset of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Depletion of FAP+ CAFs results in loss of the structural integrity of desmoplastic matrix. This renders these highly treatment-resistant cancers susceptible to subsequent treatment with a tumor antigen (mesothelin)-targeted CAR T cells and to anti-PD-1 antibody therapy. Mechanisms include overcoming stroma-dependent restriction of T cell extravasation and/or perivascular invasion, reversing immune exclusion, relieving T cell suppression, and altering the immune landscape by reducing myeloid cell accumulation and increasing endogenous CD8+ T cell and NK cell infiltration. These data provide strong rationale for combining tumor stroma- and malignant cell-targeted therapies to be tested in clinical trials.
Aqueous pulsed electrochemistry promotes C−N bond formation via a one-pot cascade approach
Authors: He Meng , Wu Yongmeng , Li Rui , Wang Yuting , Liu Cuibo , Zhang Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic C − N bond formation from inorganic nitrogen wastes is an emerging sustainable method for synthesizing organic amines but is limited in reaction scope. Integrating heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis for one-pot reactions to construct C − N bonds is highly desirable. Herein, we report an aqueous pulsed electrochemistry-mediated transformation of nitrite and arylboronic acids to arylamines with high yields. The overall process involves nitrite electroreduction to ammonia over a Cu nanocoral cathode and subsequent coupling of NH3 with arylboronic acids catalyzed by in situ dissolved Cu(II) under a switched anodic potential. This pulsed protocol also promotes the migration of nucleophilic ArB(OH)3− and causes the consumption of OH− near the cathode surface, accelerating C − N formation and suppressing phenol byproducts. Cu(II) can be recycled via facile electroplating. The wide substrate scope, ready synthesis of 15N-labelled arylamines, and methodological expansion to cycloaddition and Click reactions highlight the great promise.
Glycome profiling and immunohistochemistry uncover changes in cell walls of Arabidopsis thaliana roots during spaceflight
Authors: Nakashima Jin , Pattathil Sivakumar , Avci Utku , Chin Sabrina , Alan Sparks J. , Hahn Michael G. , Gilroy Simon , Blancaflor Elison B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA large and diverse library of glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was used to determine if plant cell walls are modified by low-gravity conditions encountered during spaceflight. This method called glycome profiling (glycomics) revealed global differences in non-cellulosic cell wall epitopes inArabidopsis thalianaroot extracts recovered from RNA purification columns between seedlings grown on the International Space Station-based Vegetable Production System and paired ground (1-g) controls. Immunohistochemistry on 11-day-old seedling primary root sections showed that ten of twenty-two mAbs that exhibited spaceflight-induced increases in binding through glycomics, labeled space-grown roots more intensely than those from the ground. The ten mAbs recognized xyloglucan, xylan, and arabinogalactan epitopes. Notably, three xylem-enriched unsubstituted xylan backbone epitopes were more intensely labeled in space-grown roots than in ground-grown roots, suggesting that the spaceflight environment accelerated root secondary cell wall formation. This study highlights the feasibility of glycomics for high-throughput evaluation of cell wall glycans using only root high alkaline extracts from RNA purification columns, and subsequent validation of these results by immunohistochemistry. This approach will benefit plant space biological studies because it extends the analyses possible from the limited amounts of samples returned from spaceflight and help uncover microgravity-induced tissue-specific changes in plant cell walls.
A large public dataset of annotated clinical MRIs and metadata of patients with acute stroke
Authors: Liu Chin-Fu , Leigh Richard , Johnson Brenda , Urrutia Victor , Hsu Johnny , Xu Xin , Li Xin , Mori Susumu , Hillis Argye E. , Faria Andreia V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo extract meaningful and reproducible models of brain function from stroke images, for both clinical and research proposes, is a daunting task severely hindered by the great variability of lesion frequency and patterns. Large datasets are therefore imperative, as well as fully automated image post-processing tools to analyze them. The development of such tools, particularly with artificial intelligence, is highly dependent on the availability of large datasets to model training and testing. We present a public dataset of 2,888 multimodal clinical MRIs of patients with acute and early subacute stroke, with manual lesion segmentation, and metadata. The dataset provides high quality, large scale, human-supervised knowledge to feed artificial intelligence models and enable further development of tools to automate several tasks that currently rely on human labor, such as lesion segmentation, labeling, calculation of disease-relevant scores, and lesion-based studies relating function to frequency lesion maps.
The proteome of extracellular vesicles of the lung fluke Paragonimus kellicotti produced in vitro and in the lung cyst
Authors: Di Maggio Lucia S. , Fischer Kerstin , Yates Devyn , Curtis Kurt C. , Rosa Bruce A. , Martin John , Erdmann-Gilmore Petra , Sprung Robert S. W. , Mitreva Makedonka , Townsend R. Reid , Weil Gary J. , Fischer Peter U. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractParagonimiasis is a zoonotic, food-borne trematode infection that affects 21 million people globally. Trematodes interact with their hosts via extracellular vesicles (EV) that carry protein and RNA cargo. We analyzed EV in excretory-secretory products (ESP) released by Paragonimus kellicotti adult worms cultured in vitro (EV ESP) and EV isolated from lung cyst fluid (EV CFP) recovered from infected gerbils. The majority of EV were approximately 30–50 nm in diameter. We identified 548 P. kellicotti-derived proteins in EV ESP by mass spectrometry and 8 proteins in EV CFP of which 7 were also present in EV ESP. No parasite-derived proteins were reliably detected in EV isolated from plasma samples. A cysteine protease (MK050848, CP-6) was the most abundant protein found in EV CFP in all technical and biological replicates. Immunolocalization of CP-6 showed strong labeling in the tegument of P. kellicotti and in the adjacent cyst and lung tissue that contained worm eggs. It is likely that CP-6 present in EV is involved in parasite-host interactions. These results provide new insights into interactions between Paragonimus and their mammalian hosts, and they provide potential clues for development of novel diagnostic tools and treatments.
Probing densified silica glass structure by molecular oxygen and E’ center formation under electron irradiation
Authors: Ollier N. , Reghioua I. , Cavani O. , Mobasher M. , Alessi A. , le Floch S. , Skuja L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to learn more about the structure of densified silica with focus on the metamict-like silica phase (density = 2.26 g/cm3) by examining the formation of E’ point defects and interstitial molecular oxygen O2 by 2.5 MeV electron irradiation. High-dose (11 GGy) irradiation creates a metamict-like phase and a large amount of interstitial O2, which is destroyed upon subsequent additional lower-dose electron irradiation. The O2 cathodoluminescence (CL) data indicate that the formation of O2 from peroxy linkages Si–O–O–Si in silica network is strongly dependent on the intertetrahedral void sizes. The position and shape of the O2 emission line support the idea that the configuration of these voids in metamict phase is close to that of non-densified silica. Moreover, data support the strong correlation between the formation of 3-membered rings of Si–O bonds and E’-centers when silica density increases from 2.20 to 2.26 g/cm3.
Circadian gene variation in relation to breeding season and latitude in allochronic populations of two pelagic seabird species complexes
Authors: Birchard Katie , Driver Hannah G. , Ademidun Dami , Bedolla-Guzmán Yuliana , Birt Tim , Chown Erin E. , Deane Petra , Harkness Bronwyn A. S. , Morrin Austin , Masello Juan F. , Taylor Rebecca S. , Friesen Vicki L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnnual cues in the environment result in physiological changes that allow organisms to time reproduction during periods of optimal resource availability. Understanding how circadian rhythm genes sense these environmental cues and stimulate the appropriate physiological changes in response is important for determining the adaptability of species, especially in the advent of changing climate. A first step involves characterizing the environmental correlates of natural variation in these genes. Band-rumped and Leach’s storm-petrels (Hydrobates spp.) are pelagic seabirds that breed across a wide range of latitudes. Importantly, some populations have undergone allochronic divergence, in which sympatric populations use the same breeding sites at different times of year. We investigated the relationship between variation in key functional regions of four genes that play an integral role in the cellular clock mechanism—Clock, Bmal1, Cry2 and Per2—with both breeding season and absolute latitude in these two species complexes. We discovered that allele frequencies in two genes, Clock and Bmal1, differed between seasonal populations in one archipelago, and also correlated with absolute latitude of breeding colonies. These results indicate that variation in these circadian rhythm genes may be involved in allochronic speciation, as well as adaptation to photoperiod at breeding locations.
Use of the Neuroform Atlas stent for wide-necked cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Gao Hui-Li , Shao Qiu-Ji , Chang Kai-Tao , Li Li , Li Tian-Xiao , Gao Bulang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo investigate the effect and safety of the Neuroform Atlas (NFA) stent in stent-assisted coiling of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms, patients with wide-necked intracranial aneurysms were retrospectively enrolled and treated with the NFA stent-assisted coiling. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) grades and Raymond grades were used to assess the clinical outcomes and aneurysm occlusion degrees, respectively, after embolization and at follow-up. Totally, 122 patients were enrolled with 129 wide-necked aneurysms, and forty-nine (40.2%) patients experienced subarachnoid hemorrhage. A total of 134 NFA stents were deployed in all patients. Immediately after endovascular embolization, the Raymond grade was I in 112 (86.8%), II in 8 (6.2%), and III in 9 (7.0%). Complications occurred in 7 (5.7%) patients, including stent displacement in 2 (1.6%) patients, thrombosis and cerebral infarction in 4 (3.3%), and death in 1 (0.8%). Clinical follow-up was performed in 113 (92.6%) patients 6–30 (mean 21) months after embolization, with the mRS grade 0 in 99 (87.6%) patients, 1 in 7 (6.2%), 2 in 5 (4.4%), and 3 in 2 (1.8%). Good prognosis (mRS ≤ 2) was achieved in 111 (98.2%) patients while poor prognosis (mRS > 2) in two (1.8%). Digital subtraction angiography was conducted in 98 (80.3%) patients with 104 (80.6%) aneurysms 6–30 (mean 21) months after embolization. The Raymond grade was grade I in 94 (90.4%) aneurysms, II in 4 (3.8%), and III in 6 (5.8%). Compared with the Raymond grades immediately after embolization, 93 (89.4%) aneurysms disappeared, 9 (8.7%) remained unchanged in the occlusion status, and 2 (1.9%) were recurrent. In conclusion, the NFA stent may have a high aneurysm occlusion rate and a low complication rate in assisting coiling of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms even though further studies are necessary to prove this.
Quantitative estimation of phospholipid molecules desorbed from a microbubble surface under ultrasound irradiation
Authors: Kobayashi Reina , Narita Jun , Nakaoka Natsumi , Krafft Marie Pierre , Koyama Daisuke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicrobubbles have potential applications as drug and gene carriers, and drug release can be triggered by externally applied ultrasound irradiation while inside blood vessels. Desorption of molecules forming the microbubble shell can be observed under ultrasound irradiation of a single isolated microbubble, and the volume of desorbed molecules can be quantitatively estimated from the contact angle between the bubble and a glass plate. Microbubbles composed of a 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) shell and a poorly-soluble gas are created. When the microbubbles are exposed to a pulsed ultrasound, the contact angles increase dramatically; the percentage of DMPC molecules desorbed from the bubble surface reaches 70%. Vibration of a single bubble in the radial direction is measured using a laser Doppler vibrometer. The relationship between the vibrational characteristics and the amount of molecular desorption reveals that a larger vibrational amplitude of the bubble around the resonance size induces a larger amount of molecular desorption. These results support the possibility of controlling molecular desorption with pulsed ultrasound.