bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant species with higher chemical defences enhance herbivore cellular immunity with differential effectiveness against two parasitoid species
Authors: Ghosh Enakshi , Paul Ryan L. , Ode Paul J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Insect herbivores simultaneously experience bottom‐up effects of plant defensive chemistry and the top‐down effects of natural enemies. At the intersection of these effects are herbivore immune systems, herbivore traits that have largely been overlooked in studies of plant‐insect interactions. Most previous studies have demonstrated compromised immunity of herbivores that feed on plants with higher defensive chemistry. Many studies have used embedded microfilaments or silica beads as proxies for parasitoid eggs. Yet, parasitoids may evade or suppress host immune responses by injecting venom and calyx fluid, or through modifications of their egg surface structure, necessitating studies that include all three trophic levels to obtain a complete picture of how plant traits may modulate herbivore immunity.

Here, we examined the effect of host plant species that differ in glucosinolate (anti‐herbivore compounds produced by plants in the Brassicaceae) concentrations on the immune status of an herbivore and its consequences for two species of parasitoids with different life history traits.

We found that larvae of the butterfly Pieris rapae that fed on field mustard Brassica rapa, which contain 52‐fold higher glucosinolate concentrations than collards B. oleracea, attained lower body weights and experienced prolonged development to adulthood.

Yet, caterpillars that fed on B. rapa had enhanced cellular immunity, as measured by total and differential haemocyte counts as well as melanization capacity, compared to larvae that fed on B. oleracea.

In turn, the likelihood that at least some eggs in clutches of the gregarious endoparasitoid Cotesia glomerata would be encapsulated, leading to a reduction in brood size, were three times greater when their host caterpillars fed on B. rapa compared to B. oleracea.

Interestingly, eggs of the solitary endoparasitoid Cotesia rubecula were rarely encapsulated irrespective of the host plant on which their host caterpillar fed. Therefore, our results suggest that plant defence metabolites can influence the expression of herbivore immunity, but the effectiveness of this response strongly depends on the identity of the parasitoid and its ability to evade the caterpillar immune response, and possibly the evolution of these trophic interactions in non‐native systems.

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NDUFA8 potentially rescues Wolbachia‐induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in Laodelphax striatellus
Authors: Chen Jie , Wang Meng‐Ke , Xie Qi‐Xian , Bing Xiao‐Li , Li Tong‐Pu , Hong Xiao‐Yue 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe endosymbiont Wolbachia manipulates host reproduction by several strategies, one of the most important of which is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). CI can be rescued when Wolbachia‐infected males mate with females infected with the same Wolbachia strain. However, the potential rescue mechanism of CI in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus is unclear. In this study, comparative transcriptome analysis was applied to explore the effect of Wolbachia on L. striatellus eggs. A total of 1387 differentially expressed genes were identified. RNA interference of 7 Wolbachia‐upregulated key planthopper genes reduced egg reproduction, suggesting that Wolbachia might improve fecundity in L. striatellus by affecting these 7 genes. Suppressing the expression of another upregulated gene, NDUFA8 (encoding NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 α subcomplex subunit 8‐like) by RNA interference significantly increased the mortality of early embryos without affecting the number of deposited eggs. Wolbachia infection upregulated the mRNA level of NDUFA8, and dsNDUFA8 treatment of Wolbachia‐infected females recreated CI‐like symptoms, suggesting that NDUFA8 is associated with the rescue phenotype. Because all L. striatellus populations worldwide are infected with Wolbachia, NDUFA8 is a potential pest control target.
Depressional runoff cascade networks of the Des Moines Lobe of Iowa
Authors: Green David I. S. , Crumpton William G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we develop a general mathematical framework and algorithm for routing cumulative precipitation excess through depressional fill–spill cascade networks in a landscape using only information about depression morphology, local contributing areas, and potential overland flow pathways. The framework also allows for the classification of depressions according to their landscape position within a network, and calculation of precipitation‐ and non‐precipitation‐dependent network properties, including measures of network complexity and runoff connectivity. To demonstrate its use, we applied our framework to the 167,287 drained depressions of the Des Moines Lobe of Iowa, a sub‐region of the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, over a large range of historically observed precipitation amounts for scenarios both neglecting and incorporating infiltration in runoff generation. Our results show that 85.3% of depressions in this region form 18,851 unique depressional runoff cascade networks, with the remainder being disjunct features. Most of the properties of the region's networks appear to conform to either a truncated power‐law or lognormal distribution. For a given rainfall amount, surface runoff connectivity between depressions within networks, and between networks and off‐network areas, is controlled primarily by available aggregate depressional volumetric storage and contributing area, and to a lesser degree, network complexity.
Acute stroke in familial Mediterranean fever: An analysis of 23 new cases and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Topcuoglu Mehmet Akif , Ayvacioglu‐Cagan Cansu , Arsava Ethem Murat , Acar‐Ozen Pınar , Kalyoncu Umut , Gocmen Rahsan , Akbaba Tayfun Hilmi , Balcı‐Peynircioğlu Banu , Tuncer Meryem Aslı 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe nature of neurovascular involvement in cases of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) has not been adequately clarified.Methods and PatientsClinical features, infarct topography, vascular status, and stroke etiology were prospectively determined in 35 acute neurovascular events that occurred in 23 FMF patients. Clinicoradiological features were compared with an age‐ and gender‐matched control group of 115 acute stroke patients. Characteristics of additional FMF and acute stroke cases (6 episodes in 6 patients) identified from a systematic literature review (PROSPERO registration no: CRD420212264820) were also analyzed.ResultsThere were 27 acute ischemic stroke episodes in 19 patients, 7 transient ischemic attack episodes in 3 patients, and 1 patient with a single episode of parietal hematoma in our cohort. Twenty (74%) ischemic stroke episodes in 12 patients were cryptogenic. Ten of these 12 cases had a previous FMF diagnosis and were taking colchicine. There was no significant difference in the FMF group in terms of the presence of vascular risk factors and angiography‐documented disease in comparison to controls. Cerebral distal artery involvement was significantly prevalent in FMF (78% vs 45%, P = .002). Especially, midbrain central deep perforating territory involvement was higher (30% vs 1%, P < .001). The long‐term prognosis (median 8.5 years) under antiplatelet agents and colchicine is favorable.DiscussionThe acute stroke phenotype in FMF cases is herein described for the first time. Several clinicoradiological features such as thrombotic lacunar infarcts located in the central mesencephalon seem so typical that we recommend searching for FMF mutations in geographic regions where FMF is common.
The potential role of 18F‐FDG PET/CT in dermatomyositis with cardiac involvement: A case report
Authors: He Ye , Liang Junyu , Cao Heng , Lin Jin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDermatomyositis (DM) is a chronic inflammatory muscle disease. Cardiac involvement is reported to be a main cause of death in DM but typically remains subclinical. Delayed or missed diagnosis renders more severe prognosis in DM patients.Case summaryA 69‐year‐old man with a 6‐month history of shortness of breath, cough and characteristic cutaneous lesions was diagnosed with DM complicated with interstitial lung disease on his first admission. Within 47 days, the patient developed progressive heart failure with dyspnea. The levels of B‐type natriuretic peptide and Troponin I drastically increased and the cardiac function prominently decreased. According to the result of cardiac magnetic resonance, he was finally diagnosed with DM combined with cardiac involvement. Interestingly, the abnormal cardiac metabolism on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography FDG PET/CT had been found before the cardiac involvement was clinically identified.Conclusions18F‐FDG PET/CT may play a potential role in early recognition of cardiac involvement in patients with DM, although more data is still needed.
Long‐term dupilumab therapy in Netherton syndrome with severe atopic manifestations: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Özkaya Esen , Günay Muhammed Burak , Babuna Kobaner Goncagül , Keskinkaya Zeynep , Gökalp Mehmet Onur 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe herein present a unique patient of Netherton syndrome (NS) with ichthyosis linearis circumflexa (ILC) lesions associated with severe atopic manifestations since infancy, showing different responses of atopic and ILC lesions to a 2‐year dupilumab therapy. The atopic eczematous lesions and pruritus healed remarkably, dramatically improving the patient's quality of life, whilst the scalp hair showed a clinical and light microscopic improvement. The additional recovery in axillary/pubic/extremity hair growth, sweating and nail growth in the presented case was not previously reported in NS patients treated with dupilumab. However, dupilumab had no therapeutic effect on ILC lesions which were not pruritic and showed a treatment‐independent wax and waned course.
An Enduring Neocolonial Alliance: A History of the CFA Franc
Authors: Pérez Francisco J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe CFA franc persists because French elites have mostly followed “territorialist logic” and African elites “capitalist logic” for the last six decades. French governments have conceded to capitalist logic, most dramatically in 1994 with the devaluation of the CFA franc and subsequent introduction of the “Balladur Doctrine.” Similarly, West and Central African governments tried to reorient the CFA franc in a more territorialist (developmentalist) direction in the 1970s. Pressure from the IMF, the World Bank, and the French treasury following the sovereign debt crisis of the 1980s pushed most African leaders to accept neoliberal reform—a reassertion of capitalist logic. Advocates of reforming the West African Economic and Monetary Union are currently trying to push the region's monetary policy in a more territorialist direction. The Franco‐African neocolonial alliance has, so far, successfully suppressed efforts toward greater political and economic autonomy in Africa. The CFA's peg to the euro will therefore persist as long as this alliance does; until France decides to abandon its sphere of influence in Africa or African leaders seek greater autonomy and/or new allies.
The Geopolitics of French Wars in Africa: What Can Be Done?
Authors: Eben Sphynx Egbe‐Mbah , Dalton Amy L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this article, we summarize the geopolitics that keeps Françafrique in place—including residual Cold War antagonisms, extreme economic underdevelopment, the globalized counterterrorism agenda, expanding U.S. military influence in Africa, and last, but perhaps the most important of all, pervasive anti‐Black racism. We then propose a series of grassroots engagements that, if taken by concerned global citizens, could succeed in overcoming this recalcitrant power alignment.
Transpersonal Intersubjectivity in Ibogaine Experiences: Three cases
Authors: Dickinson Jonathan 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThis report presents the personal experiences of three individuals who ingested iboga or ibogaine in different contexts and for different reasons. Narrative analysis reveals a connection with previously identified phenomenological categories of experience, however demonstrating a wide variability. Most notably, each of these interviewees reported a distinct impression of transpersonal communication, either with “iboga/ine” or with visions of others encountered in the oneirogenic experience. This relates with a sense of transpersonal presence that is mentioned elsewhere in literature describing waking REM experiences, such as sleep paralysis. Within these cases, a sense of transpersonal intersubjectivity appears to contribute a sense of ontological realism and meaningfulness of the experiences. Similar deep engagement with narrative reports may better inform future research, as well as ibogaine‐assisted therapies.
A long‐distance copper alloy trade to the North Eastern Baltic during the late pre‐Roman and Roman Iron Age (250 BCE–450 CE) explored with lead isotope MC‐ICP‐MS
Authors: Roxburgh Marcus Adrian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe North Eastern Baltic has no copper resources of its own, meaning that Cu alloy was imported either as raw material or as finished objects. The north‐eastern coastline of Estonia during the late pre‐Roman and Roman Iron Age was connected to the south by sea to the long‐distance ‘amber’ trade route and to the east by Russian river systems. This study quantitatively assesses the direction of the Cu alloy supply in the region before and after brass enters circulation at the beginning of the Roman Iron Age. After an initial portable X‐ray fluorescence (pXRF) survey, 18 objects were chosen for Pb isotope analysis. This isotope analysis resolved a group of nine brass artefacts from the Roman Iron Age amongst a ‘melting pot’ of other Cu alloys. The similarity between the isotope ratios found in the Roman world suggests the presence of the same ‘melting pot’ in the North Eastern Baltic, possibly created by a large amount of Roman Cu alloy being traded north. No evidence for Cu alloy from Scandinavia or the Ural Mountains could be found. The hypothesis from this small study is that the Cu alloy entering Estonia was dominated by metal from Southern Europe from the late pre‐Roman Iron Age and the Roman period.
Question‐based development of high‐risk medical devices: A proposal for a structured design and review process
Authors: White Nicholas A. , Oude Vrielink Timo J. C. , van der Bogt Koen E. A. , Cohen Adam F. , Rotmans Joris I. , Horeman Tim 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe recent introduction of the European Medical Device Regulation poses stricter legislation for manufacturers developing medical devices in the EU. Many devices have been placed into a higher risk category, thus requiring more data before market approval, and a much larger focus has been placed on safety. For implantable and Class III devices, the highest risk class, clinical evidence is a necessity. However, the requirements of clinical study design and developmental outcomes are only described in general terms due to the diversity of devices.MethodsA structured approach to determining the requirements for the clinical development of high‐risk medical devices is introduced, utilizing the question‐based development framework, which is already used for pharmaceutical drug development. An example of a novel implantable device for haemodialysis demonstrates how to set up a relevant target product profile defining the device requirements and criteria. The framework can be used in the medical device design phase to define specific questions to be answered during the ensuing clinical development, based upon five general questions, specified by the question‐based framework.ResultsThe result is a clear and evaluable overview of requirements and methodologies to verify and track these requirements in the clinical development phase. Development organizations will be guided to the optimal route, also to abandon projects destined for failure early on to minimize development risks.ConclusionThe framework could facilitate communication with funding agencies, regulators and clinicians, while highlighting remaining ‘known unknowns’ that require answering in the post‐market phase after sufficient benefit is established relative to the risks.
Piezo1 channel activation stimulates ATP production through enhancing mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Jiang Man , Zhang Yi‐Xin , Bu Wen‐Jie , Li Ping , Chen Jia‐Hui , Cao Ming , Dong Yan‐Chao , Sun Zhi‐Jie , Dong De‐Li 
Published: February 2023

Background and PurposePiezo1 channels are mechanosensitive cationic channels that are activated by mechanical stretch or shear stress. Endothelial Piezo1 activation by shear stress caused by blood flow induces ATP release from endothelial cells; however, the link between shear stress and endothelial ATP production is unclear.Experimental ApproachThe mitochondrial respiratory function of cells was measured by using high‐resolution respirometry system Oxygraph‐2k. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was evaluated by using Fluo‐4/AM and mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration by Rhod‐2/AM.Key ResultsThe specific Piezo1 channel activator Yoda1 or its analogue Dooku1 increased [Ca2+]i in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and both Yoda1 and Dooku1 increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) and mitochondrial ATP production in HUVECs and primary cultured rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs). Knockdown of Piezo1 inhibited Yoda1‐ and Dooku1‐induced increases of mitochondrial OCRs and mitochondrial ATP production in HUVECs. The shear stress mimetics, Yoda1 and Dooku1, and the Piezo1 knock‐down technique also demonstrated that Piezo1 activation increased glycolysis in HUVECs. Chelating extracellular Ca2+ with EGTA or chelating cytosolic Ca2+ with BAPTA‐AM did not affect Yoda1‐ and Dooku1‐induced increases of mitochondrial OCRs and ATP production, but chelating cytosolic Ca2+ inhibited Yoda1‐ and Dooku1‐induced increase of glycolysis. Confocal microscopy showed that Piezo1 channels are present in mitochondria of endothelial cells, and Yoda1 and Dooku1 increased mitochondrial Ca2+ in endothelial cells.Conclusion and ImplicationsPiezo1 channel activation stimulates ATP production through enhancing mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in vascular endothelial cells, suggesting a novel role of Piezo1 channel in endothelial ATP production.
The US–China Phase One trade deal: An economic analysis of the managed trade agreement
Authors: Funke Michael , Wende Adrian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn light of the recent tit‐for‐tat trade dispute between China and the US, interest in quantifying the effects of the so‐called Phase One agreement has risen. To this end, this paper quantifies the impact of the asymmetric managed trade agreement using such a multi‐country open‐economy dynamic general equilibrium model. Besides assessing the direct implications for China and the US, this paper analyzes trade diversion effects. The model‐based analysis finds noticeable positive (negative) impacts of the agreement for the US (China) as well as negative spillover effects for countries not directly affected by the managed trade deal due to trade diversion. The impact of possible future trade agreements is also examined.
Dissemination and implementation research for oral and craniofacial health: Background, a review of literature and future directions
Authors: Randall Cameron L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOral conditions are highly prevalent globally and have profound consequence on individuals and communities. Clinical (e.g. dental treatments, behavioural counselling) and non‐clinical (e.g. community‐based programming, water fluoridation, oral health policy) evidence‐based interventions have been identified, recommended and applied at the clinic, community and policy levels. Still, the burden of oral conditions persists, with inequitable distribution across populations. A major driver of this lack of progress is poor translation of research findings, which results in an evidence‐to‐practice gap. Dissemination and implementation science (DIS) has emerged to address this gap. A relatively new field, application of DIS represents an important avenue for achieving good dental, oral and craniofacial health for all. The goal of this introductory article is to provide a brief background on DIS relevant to researchers in dentistry and oral health. The problem of knowledge translation, basic concepts and terminology in DIS, and approaches to doing dissemination and implementation research—including implementation strategies, key outcomes, and implementation theories, models and frameworks—are discussed. Additionally, the article reviews literature applying DIS to dentistry and oral health. Results of published studies and their implications for the field are presented. Drawing on the literature review and contemporary thinking in DIS, current gaps, opportunities and future directions are discussed. Resources for understanding and applying DIS are provided throughout. This article serves as a primer on DIS for dental and oral health researchers of all types working across a range of contexts; it also serves as a call to action for increased application of DIS to address the burden of oral conditions globally.
Participatory budgeting for young people as democratic socialisation: An approach to the case of Spain
Authors: Pardo‐Beneyto Gonzalo , Abellán‐López María Angeles 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article analyses participatory budgets for young people (children and adolescents) held in Spanish municipalities during the period 2015–2021. A questionnaire was made and 35 valid responses were obtained after it was distributed by UNICEF Spain during July–September 2021. The data were processed using MAXQDA 2022 software, and the study characterised the language, strategy, objectives, phases and participants. From these last three variables, a document map was made to generate clusters and find affinities between cases. The main findings reveal the importance of the role of municipal officials and politicians, as well as the existence of three participatory budget models.