bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐situ application of colloidal activated carbon for PFAS‐contaminated soil and groundwater: A Swedish case study
Authors: Niarchos Georgios , Ahrens Lutz , Kleja Dan Berggren , Leonard Gareth , Forde Jim , Bergman Jonny , Ribeli Erik , Schütz Matilda , Fagerlund Fritjof 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoil and groundwater contamination by per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been a significant concern to human health and environmental quality. Remediation of contaminated sites is crucial to prevent plume expansion but can prove challenging due to the persistent nature of PFAS combined with their high aqueous mobility. In this case study, we investigated the potential of colloidal activated carbon (CAC) for soil stabilization at the pilot scale, aiming to entrap PFAS and prevent their leaching from soil into groundwater. Monitoring of the site revealed the presence of two potential sources of PFAS contamination at concentrations up to 23 μg L−1 for ∑11PFAS in groundwater. After CAC application, initial results indicated a 76% reduction of ∑11PFAS and high removal rates for long‐chain PFAS, such as perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid. A spike in concentrations was noticed 6 months after injection of CAC, showing a rebound of the plume and a reduction of treatment effectiveness. Based on long‐term monitoring data, the treatment effectiveness for ∑11PFAS dropped to 52%. The rebound of concentrations was attributed to the plume bypass of the barrier due to the presence of high conductivity zones, which likely occurred because of seasonal changes in groundwater flow directions or the CAC application at the site. This demonstrates the need for a detailed and accurate hydrogeological understanding of contaminated sites before designing and applying stabilization techniques, especially at sites with high geologic and hydrologic complexity. The results herein can serve as a guideline for treating similar sites and help avoid potential pitfalls of remedial efforts.
Lower Diffusion‐Induced Stress in Nano‐Crystallites of P2‐Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/2Ti1/6O2 Novel Cathode for High Energy Na‐ion Batteries
Authors: Sengupta Abhinanda , Kumar Ajit , Barik Gayatree , Ahuja Aakash , Ghosh Jit , Lohani Harshita , Kumari Pratima , Bhandakkar Tanmay K. , Mitra Sagar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractP2‐type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/2Ti1/6O2 (NMTNO) cathode is a preeminent electrode material for Na‐ion batteries owing to its open prismatic framework, air‐moisture stability, inexpensiveness, appealing capacity, environmental benignity, and Co‐free composition. However, the poor cycling stability, sluggish Na‐ion kinetics induced in bulk‐sized cathode particles, cracking, and exfoliation in the crystallites remain a setback. To outmaneuver these, a designing strategy of a mechanically robust, hexagonal nano‐crystallites of P2‐type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/2Ti1/6O2 (NMTNOnano) electrode via quick, energy‐efficient, and low‐cost microwave‐irradiated synthesis is proposed. For the first time, employing a unified experimental and theoretical approach with fracture mechanics analysis, the mechanism behind the enhanced performance, better structural stability, and lower diffusion‐induced stress of NMTNOnano compared to micro‐sized Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/2Ti1/6O2 is unveiled and the electrochemical shock map is predicted. The NMTNOnano cathode provides 94.8% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.1 C with prolonged performance for 1000 cycles at 0.5 C. The practical viability of this cathode, tested in a full cell against a hard carbon anode delivered 85.48% capacity retention at 0.14 mA cm−2 after 200 cycles. This work bridges the gap in correlating the microstructural and electrochemical properties through experimental, theoretical (DFT), and fracture mechanics analysis, thereby tailoring efficient cathode with lower diffusion‐induced stress for high‐energy Na‐ion batteries.
Surface Stoichiometry Control of Colloidal Heterostructured Quantum Dots for High‐Performance Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Tao Yi , Tang Zikun , Bao Dequan , Zhao Haiguang , Gao Zhenqiu , Peng Mingfa , Zhang Hao , Wang Kanghong , Sun Xuhui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractManipulating the separation and transfer behaviors of charges has long been pursued for promoting the photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation based on II–VI quantum dot (QDs), but remains challenging due to the lack of effective strategies. Herein, a facile strategy is reported to regulate the recombination and transfer of interfacial charges through tuning the surface stoichiometry of heterostructured QDs. Using this method, it is demonstrated that the PEC cells based on CdSe‐(SexS1−x)4‐(CdS)2 core/shell QDs with a proper Ssurface/Cdsurface ratio exhibits a remarkably improved photocurrent density (≈18.4 mA cm−2 under one sun illumination), superior to the PEC cells based on QDs with Cd‐rich or excessive S‐rich surface. In‐depth electrochemical and spectroscopic characterizations reveal the critical role (hole traps) of surface S atoms in suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charges, and further attribute the inferior performance of excessive S‐rich QDs to the impeded charge transfer from QDs to TiO2 and electrolyte. This work puts forward a simple surface engineering strategy for improving the performance of QDs PEC cells, providing an efficient method to guide the surface design of QDs for their applications in other optoelectronic devices.
Synergistically Accelerating Adsorption‐Electrocataysis of Sulfur Species via Interfacial Built‐In Electric Field of SnS2‐MXene Mott–Schottky Heterojunction in Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Chen Li , Yue Liguo , Wang Xinying , Wu Shangyou , Wang Wei , Lu Dongzhen , Liu Xi , Zhou Weiliang , Li Yunyong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeveloping efficient heterojunction electrocatalysts and uncovering their atomic‐level interfacial mechanism in promoting sulfur‐species adsorption‐electrocatalysis are interesting yet challenging in lithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs). Here, multifunctional SnS2‐MXene Mott–Schottky heterojunctions with interfacial built‐in electric field (BIEF) are developed, as a model to decipher their BIEF effect for accelerating synergistic adsorption‐electrocatalysis of bidirectional sulfur conversion. Theoretical and experimental analysis confirm that because Ti atoms in MXene easily lost electrons, whereas S atoms in SnS2 easily gain electrons, and under Mott–Schottky influence, SnS2‐MXene heterojunction forms the spontaneous BIEF, leading to the electronic flow from MXene to SnS2, so SnS2 surface easily bonds with more lithium polysulfides. Moreover, the hetero‐interface quickly propels abundant Li+/electron transfer, so greatly lowering Li2S nucleation/decomposition barrier, promoting bidirectional sulfur conversion. Therefore, S/SnS2‐MXene cathode displays a high reversible capacity (1,188.5 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C) and a stable long‐life span with 500 cycles (≈82.7% retention at 1.0 C). Importantly, the thick sulfur cathode (sulfur loading: 8.0 mg cm−2) presents a large areal capacity of 7.35 mAh cm−2 at lean electrolyte of 5.0 µL mgs−1. This work verifies the substantive mechanism that how BIEF optimizes the catalytic performance of heterojunctions and provides an effective strategy for deigning efficient bidirectional Li‐S catalysts in LSBs.
Linker‐Based Bandgap Tuning in Conductive MOF Solid Solutions
Authors: Choi Ji Yong , Wang Minyan , Check Brianna , Stodolka Michael , Tayman Kyle , Sharma Sandeep , Park Jihye 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHerein, the synthesis of Cu3(HAB)x(TATHB)2‐x (HAB: hexaaminobenzene, TATHB: triaminotrihydroxybenzene) is reported. Synthetic improvement of Cu3(TATHB)2 leads to a more crystalline framework with higher electrical conductivity value than previously reported. The improved crystallinity and analogous structure between TATHB and HAB enable the synthesis of Cu3(HAB)x(TATHB)2‐x with ligand compositions precisely controlled by precursor ratios. The electrical conductivity is tuned from 4.2 × 10−8 to 2.9 × 10−5 S cm−1 by simply increasing the nitrogen content in the crystal lattice. Furthermore, computational calculation supports that the solid solution facilitates the band structure tuning. It is envisioned that the findings not only shed light on the ligand‐dependent structure–property relationship but create new prospects in synthesizing multicomponent electrically conductive metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) for tailoring optoelectronic device applications.
MoS2 Passivated Multilayer Graphene Membranes for Li‐Ion Extraction From Seawater
Authors: Chang Won Jun , Jang Suhee , Kim Minjoo , Kim Yelim , Jeong Dae Yeop , Kim Beomju , Kim Jin Myung , Nam SungWoo , Park Won Il 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAbundant Li resources in the ocean are promising alternatives to refining ore, whose supplies are limited by the total amount and geopolitical imbalance of reserves in Earth's crust. Despite advances in Li+ extraction using porous membranes, they require screening other cations on a large scale due to the lack in precise control of pore size and inborn defects. Herein, MoS2 nanoflakes on a multilayer graphene membrane (MFs‐on‐MGM) that possess ion channels comprising i) van der Waals interlayer gaps for optimal Li+ extraction and ii) negatively charged vertical inlets for cation attraction, are reported. Ion transport measurements across the membrane reveal ≈6‐ and 13‐fold higher selectivity for Li+ compared to Na+ and Mg2+, respectively. Furthermore, continuous, stable Li+ extraction from seawater is demonstrated by integrating the membrane into a H2 and Cl2 evolution system, enabling more than 104‐fold decrease in the Na+ concentration and near‐complete elimination of other cations.
Implantable and biodegradable closed‐loop devices for autonomous electrotherapy
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Mehvish Darakhshan , Yang Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImplantable electronic devices as a valuable biomedical tool are used to treat chronic diseases. However, traditional pacemakers exist a serious risk of complications. A biodegradable, closed‐loop sensor‐actuator system is developed for cardiac rhythm monitoring. This system could achieve autonomous electrotherapy.
Porous Graphene Produced by Carbothermal Shock for Green Electromagnetic Interference Shielding in Both Microwave and Terahertz Bands
Authors: Zhou Congli , Zhang Kun , Sun Xiao , Zhao Xingchuan , Zheng Kaiwen , Mi Jiawei , Qing Fangzhu , Wen Qiye , Li Xuesong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe prospect of graphene‐based shielding materials in the form of fillers is limited by the cumbersome preparation of graphene. Herein, defect‐tunable porous graphene prepared by carbothermal shock using low‐value sucrose as a precursor is proposed as an effective shielding filler. The resultant porous graphene exhibits 32.5 dB shielding efficiency (SE) and 2.5–18 GHz effective bandwidth at a mass loading of 20 wt%, competing with the shielding performance of graphene fillers prepared by other methods. Particularly, defect‐rich graphene synthesized by increasing voltage and prolonging time shows increased electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, echoing the current concept of green shielding. In addition, the strategy of controlling the discharge conditions to improve the absorption by the shield is developed in the terahertz band. The average SE and reflection loss of the samples in the THz band (0.2–1.2 THz) exhibit 40.7 and 15.9 dB at filler loading of 5 wt%, respectively, achieving effective shielding and absorption of THz waves. This work paves a new way for low‐cost preparation of graphene for EM interference shielding fillers. Meanwhile, it supplies a reference for the shielding research of the upcoming applications integrating multiple EM bands (such as sixth‐generation based integrated sensing and communication).
AI‐BRAFV600E: A deep convolutional neural network for BRAFV600E mutation status prediction of thyroid nodules using ultrasound images
Authors: Xi Chuang , Du Ruiqi , Wang Ren , Wang Yang , Hou Liying , Luan Mengqi , Zheng Xuan , Huang Hongyan , Liang Zhixin , Ding Xuehai , Luo Quanyong , Shen Chentian 
Published: January 2023

Background: The BRAFV600E mutation is a valuable indicator for thyroid cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to develop a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model based on ultrasound images to predict the BRAFV600E mutation status of thyroid nodules.Methods: The ultrasound images were obtained from four hospitals between January 2017 and January 2022. We trained and validated the DCNN model based on the primary set from center 1 (979 images, 528 patients). The DCNN network consists of Conv block, Downsample block, Gaussian error linear unit, Global Average Polling, and Full Connected. The predictive performance of this model was evaluated by using areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in four independent test sets from center 1 to center 4 (531 images, 282 patients). Heatmaps were used to visualize the most predictive regions of each image. Specimens obtained through fine‐needle aspiration or surgery were used to detect the BRAFV600E mutation.Results: The DCNN model achieved encouraging predictive performance by fivefold cross‐validation (AUC 0.95) in the primary set. This performance was further confirmed in the independent internal test set (AUC 0.93) and three independent external test sets (AUC 0.84–0.88). The deep learning score revealed significant differences between BRAFV600E‐mutant and BRAFV600E‐wild‐type groups (all test sets p < .001). The heatmaps visualized the most predictive region located inside or alongside the thyroid nodules.Conclusion: A DCNN model with encouraging predictive performance was developed based on ultrasound images to predict the BRAFV600E mutation status of thyroid nodules.
Analytic functions and Nash functions along curves
Authors: Kucharz Wojciech , Kurdyka Krzysztof 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLet X be a real analytic manifold. A function $$f :X \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

f
:
X
→
R

is said to be curve-analytic if it is real analytic when restricted to any locally irreducible real analytic curve in X. We prove that every curve-analytic function with subanalytic graph is actually real analytic. To accomplish this task, we give a criterion for an arc-analytic function to be real analytic. A function is called arc-analytic if it is real analytic along any parametric real analytic arc. We also obtain analogous results for Nash manifolds and Nash functions, in which case the assumption of subanalyticity is superfluous.
Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung (MmgB) in der ambulanten medizinischen Versorgung: Barrieren beim Zugang und im Untersuchungsablauf
Authors: Wellkamp Randi , de Cruppé Werner , Schwalen Susanne , Geraedts Max 
Published: January 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung (MmgB) weisen eine erhöhte Morbidität auf. Ihr Zugang zur Gesundheitsversorgung könnte ein Einflussfaktor sein. In Deutschland existieren hierzu nur wenige Daten. Die vorliegende Arbeit geht der Frage nach, welche Barrieren und förderlichen Aspekte für MmgB bei der Inanspruchnahme der ambulanten Versorgung bestehen. Dabei wird ihre eigene Perspektive berücksichtigt sowie die der begleitenden Angehörigen und der Hausärzt:innen.

Methoden
In dieser Querschnittstudie wurden mittels Fragebögen MmgB in 3 Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen sowie deren Angehörige und Hausärzt:innen befragt. Die Daten wurden deskriptiv ausgewertet und die Antworten der MmgB und der Angehörigen teststatistisch verglichen. Die inhaltliche Gliederung folgt dem Modell nach Cantrell (Erkennen eines Behandlungsbedarfs, Zugang zur Gesundheitsversorgung, Untersuchungsablauf).

Ergebnisse
MmgB teilen Beschwerden ihren Angehörigen mit, die sie oft zu Arztbesuchen begleiten. Barrieren sind eher organisatorischer als räumlicher Art. Die Behandlungssituation ist teilweise durch Ängste, Unruhe oder auch das Nichtzulassen von Untersuchungen erschwert. Schwierig ist es, erfahrene Praxen zu finden. Daher wünschen sich Angehörige Listen mit solchen Praxen und medizinische Versorgungszentren für MmgB. Die Sicht der MmgB und ihrer Angehörigen zeigt kaum Unterschiede. Hausärzt:innen geben den erhöhten Behandlungsaufwand, Wunsch nach Fortbildung und angemessener Vergütung an.

Diskussion
Die Angehörigen spielen in der medizinischen Versorgung von MmgB eine wichtige Rolle. Schwierigkeiten in der Versorgung können aus den spezifischen, erhöhten Anforderungen im Umgang mit MmgB entstehen, die sich organisatorisch äußern. Es bedarf einer aktiven Bereitschaft zur Inklusion.
Hybrid simultaneous laser- and ultrasonic-assisted machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Authors: Dominguez-Caballero Javier , Ayvar-Soberanis Sabino , Kim Jin , Roy Anish , Li Lin , Curtis David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy has been a constant challenge in the industry, although the material is widely used in the aerospace and medical industries due to its mechanical properties, particularly its strength-to-weight ratio. The current research presents a hybrid laser- and ultrasonic-assisted machining (LUAM) technique to improve the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in a turning process. This is compared with ultrasonic-assisted machining (UAM), laser-assisted machining (LAM), and convectional turning (CT). The results reveal that UAM and LAM can reduce the cutting forces and surface roughness (Ra) compared to the CT. However, these are achieved mainly at the lowest range of cutting speeds. The hybrid LUAM process demonstrates process improvement with wider range of cutting speeds and depths of cut, which is achieved due to the combined force reduction and thermal softening effect by the hybrid process.
Endosialin-positive tumor-derived pericytes promote tumor progression through impeding the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Lu Tong , Zhang Jiayu , Lu Shiqi , Yang Fa , Gan Lunbiao , Wu Xinjie , Song Hongtao , Liu Shaojie , Xu Chao , Han Donghui , Yang Bo , Wen Weihong , Qin Weijun , Yang Lijun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy can be effective against clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but many patients show no benefit. Tumor-derived pericytes (TDPs) may promote tumor progression by influencing T cells and are an immunotherapy target; however, they may comprise functionally distinct subtypes. We aimed to identify markers of tumor-promoting TDPs and develop TDP-targeting strategies to enhance ICB therapy effectiveness against ccRCC.

Methods
We analyzed the relationship between endosialin (EN) expression and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration in ccRCC tumor samples using flow cytometry and in a ccRCC-bearing mice inhibited for EN via knockout or antibody-mediated blockade. The function of ENhigh TDPs in CTL infiltration and tumor progression was analyzed using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from ccRCC tissue-derived TDPs and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data from an online database. The role of EN in TDP proliferation and migration and in CTL infiltration was examined in vitro. Finally, we examined the anti-tumor effect of combined anti-EN and anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibodies in ccRCC-bearing mice.

Results
High EN expression was associated with low CTL infiltration in ccRCC tissues, and inhibition of EN significantly increased CTL infiltration in ccRCC-bearing mice. RNA-seq and scRNA-seq analyses indicated that high EN expression represented the TDP activation state. EN promoted TDP proliferation and migration and impeded CTL infiltration in vitro. Finally, combined treatment with anti-EN and anti-PD-1 antibodies synergistically enhanced anti-tumor efficacy.

Conclusion
ENhigh TDPs are in an activated state and inhibit CTL infiltration into ccRCC tissues. Combined treatment with anti-EN and anti-PD-1 antibodies may improve ICB therapy effectiveness against ccRCC.
Geospatial Analysis of Accessibility to Surgical Care, a Brazilian Local Perspective
Authors: Oliveira Trindade Bruna , Brandão Gabriela R. , Bueno Motter Sarah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurgical care has been neglected and recently discussed by the World Health Organization as a necessary component of health care. Situations that distance individuals and medical services are of particular concern. We aim to estimate the distance a patient who lives in a municipality without a general surgeon would have to travel to access surgical care; and to describe the geographical distribution of the surgical workforce.
MethodsWe obtained the surgical data from DATASUS, from IBGE, the information regarding the classification of each municipality and its location, and FEPAM, the road network. We performed the geoprocessing analysis on QGIS and the statistical analysis on SPSS.
ResultsThe Rio Grande do Sul state had 496 municipalities, of which 69.4% were rural, with a mean of 9.19 general surgeons per overall municipality. A total of 237 cities had no general surgeons, of which 89.45% were in rural ones. There was a significant difference in the number of surgeons per municipality between rural and urban ones. We found a mean of 22.09 surgeons per 100,000 population. The mean distance traveled by a patient to a municipality with general surgeons available was 30.25 km, with a minimum of 2.46 km and a maximum of 268.22 km.
ConclusionsDisparities are associated with the geospatial distribution of surgical care in the Rio Grande do Sul state. The surgical workforce and the distance a patient travels are irregular geographically. This study is the start of inspiring other similar studies about geospatial surgical analysis.
Tuning the properties of NBR/BaFe11.5Co0.5O19: a road toward diverse applications
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E. , Elsayed Kareem , El-Nashar D. E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present work aims to synthesize and designate 50% BaFe11.5Co0.5O19 /50% NBR nanocomposite with enhanced physical properties. First, the BaFe11.5Co0.5O19 hexaferrite was successfully synthesized by the citrate auto-combustion technique. Composite nanoparticles were synthesized by melt mixing technique in a Brabender Plasticorder. The structure and morphology of the samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The average crystallite size is nearly 35 nm. The high values of Ms for BFCO can be clarified by Fe3+–O–Fe3+ super-exchange interaction in the present system. An investigation has found that substitution in M-type hexaferrite systems alters the valence states of Fe3+ ions to Fe3+ ions at the 2A sites (Ateia et al. in Appl Phys A 128: 884, 2022). This causes an enhancement of super-exchange interactions that improves the hyperfine field at 2b and 12 k sites. The switching field distribution was computed and reported. Tensile strength (T.S), Young’s modulus (E), hardness (H) and Rheometric characteristics were enhanced after the addition of BFCO nanoparticles to NBR polymer. The obtained data from the present study revealed that the incorporation of 50% of BaFe11.5Co0.5O19 hexaferrite with 50% of NBR rubber enhanced the physico-mechanical and magnetic characteristics of the prepared composites. This indicates that hexaferrites achieve not only appropriate magnetic properties for the prepared composites, but also strengthen the rubber matrix. The originality of this investigation is clarified by emphasizing the magnetization of NBR and to accentuate the good mechanical properties of the investigated nanocomposites.