bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second Law Analysis for Free Convection in an L-Shaped Cavity Filled with Nanofluid
Authors: Nahar Afroza , Salma Parvin  , Md. Hasanuzzaman  
Published: August 2023

The paper aims to analyze the effects of various Prandtl number and different nanoparticles for heat transfer and entropy generation of free convection laminar fluid flow in an L-shaped cavity filled by nanofluid. To investigate the second law characteristics of free convective flow and heat transfer from an L- shaped geometry filled by water and nanofluids (Cu-water, Ag-water, Al2O3-water), the effects of Prandtl number and various nanoparticles on the average Nusselt number, total entropy generation and Bejan number has been numerically analyzed. Isotherms, stream function and entropy generation caused by heat transfer are also presented for various Prandtl numbers and various nanoparticles. The governing equations are solved using penalty finite element method with Galerkins weighted residual technique. The results reveal that Ag-water nanofluid with highest Prandtl number gives the highest amount of irreversibility as well as rate of heat transfer. Cu-water and Ag-water nanofluid produces more irreversibilities than Al2O3-water nanofluid and base fluid. Also the results show that the Nusselt number and Bejan number increase with the increase of Prandtl number. Therefore, Prandtl number may be an important parameter for desired heat transfer increment with decreasing entropy generation in the given geometry.
Anti-hyperglycaemic and selected organ protective effects of Ziziphus spina-christi hydroethanol leaf extract in alloxan induced diabetic rats
Authors: Mohammed Abubakar , Abdulrasak Mohammed Adewumi , Musa Amina Ladidi , Liman Jibril Hassan , Israel Ehimen , Harry Usman , Ozisalami Ismail , Usman Dan’Iya , Dickson Olatilewa 
Published: August 2023

Ziziphus spina-christi has been traditionally used for the treatment of stomach pain, wounds, and hair loss, skin infections, diarrhoea, scorpion stings, and malaria. This study aims to investigate the anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-dyslipidaemic, liver and kidney protective effects of Ziziphus spina-christi ethanol leaf extract on diabetic rats. The experimental design comprises of five groups of albinos Wistar rats, with three rats per group. They are normal control group, normal and 150mg/kg bwt treatment with extract group, diabetic control group, diabetic and treatment with the 150mg/kg bwt extract group, and diabetic treated with Metformin as standard drug treated for 14 days. The results of the study indicated that there was a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the blood glucose level in the extract and reference drug administered groups as compared to the diabetic control. The levels of the serum alanine transaminase, serum aspartate transaminase and serum alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the extract and standard drug treatment groups compared to the diabetic control group. In the diabetic control group, the creatinine and urea concentrations were significantly (P<0.05) higher compared with the extract and metformin treated groups. Also, the high-density lipoprotein and triacylglycerol levels were lower in the extract treated groups demonstrating a good lipid profile. In conclusion, Ziziphus spina-christi exhibits anti-hyperglycaemia, anti-dyslipidaemia and liver and kidney protective activities in diabetic model, and thus supporting its traditional usage in diabetes management.
Mathematical model for the dynamics of bacterial meningitis (Meningococcal meningitis): a case study of Yobe State Specialist Hospital, Damaturu, Nigeria
Authors: Madaki Umar Yusuf , Shu’aibu Adamu , Umar Muhammad Idris 
Published: August 2023

A model for bacterial meningitis was created by adding a class of transporters to the basic Susceptible Carrier Infected and Recovered (SCIR) model, since vaccination and treatment are the best methods of controlling the transmission of most overpowering sicknesses. Immunization assists helpless people with building either a drawn out invulnerability or transient resistance while treatment decreases the quantity of sickness actuated passing and the quantity of irresistible people locally or country. This study comprises of a mathematical model for bacterial meningitis dynamics that can be used to a wide range of mathematical modeling problems. In this exploration, a nonlinear deterministic model with time reliance controls has been proposed to depict the elements of bacterial meningitis in a populace. We discovered that the (EEP) and (DFE) are locally asymptotically stable in our study. We now advise the researcher to determine whether it is globally asymptotically stable in order to achieve optimal disease control. The presence of an endemic harmony and the calculation of the reproduction number . The mathematical arrangement shows that vaccinating vulnerable people will prompt disposal of the infection in the public and furthermore it will lessen the weight on wellbeing suppliers. Numerical simulations were presented to explain the parameters in the end path in the model were carried out by using MAPLE software. Most likeable of this research work shows that the rate at which treatment and vaccination rate increases to the higher value the recovered compartment increases to the peak point. This means treatment and vaccination has an impact on reducing the case of bacterial meningitis in a population. Now we conclude that a high infection transmission rate requires a high vaccine and treatment rate on the effect of vaccination against meningitis.
Toxicological studies of ethanol leaf extract of Lavandulastoechas on kidney of Wistar rat.
Authors: Joseph Oyepata 
Published: August 2023

The medicinal ingredients in herbal remedies are derived from plants. Despite the fact that they could offer a wide range of health advantages, they are thought to have a lower likelihood for adverse effects. The medicinal herb lavender (Lavandulastoechas L.) is widely utilized for a variety of medical conditions. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the toxicological effect of Lavandulastoechas on Wistar rat kidney.Twenty four (24)Animals of either sex were used. Group 1 was given distilled water (10 ml/kg), while groups 2, 3, and 4 were given 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of Lavandulastoechas, respectively for 28 days. Animals were housed in typical cages and given oral access to the extract for 28 days before being weighed and put to death. A heart puncture was used to get blood, which was then promptly taken for testing.Red blood cell, Hemoglobin, and Mean corpuscular volume levels decreased significantly (P<0.05), but neutrophils, basophiles, eosinophils, and platelets remained constant. At 100 and 200 mg/kg, Lavandulastoechas significantly (P<0.05)loweredK+ levels. Na+ increased significantly (P<0.05)at a dosage of 200 mg/kg. Across doses given, the levels of creatinine, chloride, and urea were not substantially (P<0.05)impacted. A histological analysis shows minimal tubular deformation.The study's findings indicated that the plant might have a negligible impact on the kidney, indicating that it should be used with caution if consumed over an extended period of time.
Impact of Asthma on the quality of life of people in Developing Countries: A Narrative Review of Published Studies 2011-2021
Authors: Ogbonna Brian 
Published: August 2023

Asthma is one of the leading causes of emergency room visit in the tropics and 60% of adults with asthma have uncontrolled asthma. We assessed the impact of uncontrolled asthma on the quality of life of people in developing countries. The study was a narrative review of published studies between 2011 and 2021. A total of 25 studies conducted in 13 different countries were used in this review. These studies involved 12(48%) studies in 6 developed countries, 9 (36%) studies from 7 developing countries and 4 (16%) studies in Nigeria. Asthma impacted negatively on the physical, socioeconomic, and emotional health of its victims in developing countries. The impact negatively affected their overall quality of life.
CONJUNTIVITES VIRAIS E BACTERIANAS EM NEONATOS
Authors: Boiko Gabriela Zanoni , Nascimento Maria Eduarda Mello , Sudério Lucas Peixoto , Ferreira Mariana Vilela , Assis Júlia Marçal , Siqueira Alexander Rocha , Magalhães Carlos Eduardo Soares , Tavares Ana Luiza Machado Pereira , Silva Gabriela Cunha , Azeredo Natália Silva 
Published: August 2023

A conjuntivite é uma inflamação comum da conjuntiva, a membrana que cobre a parte branca do olho e a parte interna das pálpebras. Em neonatos, a ocorrência de conjuntivites virais e bacterianas é um problema significativo de saúde pública. Neonatos são particularmente vulneráveis a infecções oculares devido ao seu sistema imunológico imaturo e à exposição a patógenos durante o parto. Conjuntivites nesta faixa etária podem levar a complicações graves, como danos à córnea, perda visual e até cegueira permanente. Portanto, é fundamental entender a epidemiologia, os fatores de risco, os agentes etiológicos e as melhores abordagens de tratamento para conjuntivites virais e bacterianas em neonatos. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática é analisar e sintetizar a literatura disponível sobre conjuntivites virais e bacterianas em neonatos, visando compreender os principais fatores de risco, os agentes causadores, as estratégias de tratamento mais eficazes e as medidas de prevenção recomendadas. Metodologia: baseada no checklist PRISMA; Identificação e seleção de fontes: Bases de dados utilizadas: PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science. Descritores utilizados: "conjuntivite neonatal", "conjuntivite viral", "conjuntivite bacteriana", "neonatos" e "tratamento". Critérios de seleção de artigos; Inclusão de estudos originais e revisões sistemáticas. Estudos em humanos. Estudos publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol. Resultados: Foram selecionados 15 artigos. A conjuntivite viral e bacteriana em neonatos é uma condição comum, mas geralmente benigna quando tratada adequadamente. Os principais agentes virais incluem o vírus herpes simplex e o citomegalovírus, enquanto as bactérias mais comuns são os estreptococos do grupo B e Haemophilus influenzae. Fatores de risco importantes incluem parto prematuro, ruptura prolongada de membranas, presença de infecções maternas e uso inadequado de profilaxia ocular no recém-nascido. O tratamento deve ser iniciado prontamente e inclui o uso de antibióticos tópicos para conjuntivite bacteriana e medidas de suporte para casos virais. Conclusão: A conjuntivite viral e bacteriana em neonatos é uma condição clínica relevante que requer atenção cuidadosa. A revisão sistemática da literatura fornece informações essenciais sobre os principais agentes etiológicos, fatores de risco e opções de tratamento. Além disso, destacou-se a importância da prevenção por meio de medidas adequadas durante o parto e da utilização correta de profilaxia ocular no recém-nascido. A conscientização e o conhecimento aprofundado sobre esse tema são fundamentais para melhorar a saúde ocular dos neonatos e prevenir complicações graves. Novas pesquisas podem ser direcionadas para avaliar a eficácia de estratégias preventivas adicionais e identificar novas abordagens terapêuticas.
ECO-GREEN PROJECT SEBAGAI UPAYA MENUMBUHKAN MOTIVASI MAHASISWA PEDULI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Suwanti  , Santoso Gunawan Budi , Haryanti Sri , Nugroho Arif Julianto Sri , Aini Syarifah , Tasari  , Suranto Much 
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat eco-green project berbasis participatory action diharapkan menjadi teori mini sebagai pijakan untuk uji model serta analisis kebutuhan dalam mengembangkan model pembelajaran wirausaha sosial secara lengkap. Desain kegiatan berupa bakti sosial cinta lingkungan bekerjasama dengan mitra Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Klaten serta pegiat eco-green mandiri di Kota Klaten. Kegiatan bakti sosial peduli lingkungan di Hari Bumi 2023 pada hari Sabtu, 17 Juni 2023 di lokasi TPA Desa Troketon, Kecamatan Pedan, Kabupaten Klaten berupa pemilahan sampah, pembuatan kompos organik, pembuatan bio pori tanah, dan gerakan cinta penghijauan melalui penanaman pohon. Hasil kegiatan diperoleh terjadi perubahan positif dan signifikan dimana uji pre-test dan post-test signifikan ada perubahan pengetahuan dan motivasi mahasiswa setelah kegiatan dengan semakin peduli mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan.
Ameliorative Capacity of Rice Husk Extract on Codeine-induced Testicular Dysfunction in Male Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Nnadiukwu Uzoamaka Chinonso , Nnadiukwu Tochukwu Anthony , Onyeike Eugene Nwaogwugwu , Patrick-Iwuanyanwu Kingsley Chukwuemeka , Ikewuchi Catherine Chidinma 
Published: August 2023

Rice husks (RHs) is an agro waste generated from rice production with limited application. Codeine belongs to the numerous drugs of abuse worldwide and its impact on reproductive injury has been reported. This study was designed to establish the ameliorative potential of brown rice husk extract (RHE) against reproductive damage induced by codeine misuse. Experimental rats were grouped into six groups with six rats per group: Group I received only rat chow and clean water for 30 days. Group II received only codeine 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w) of rats. Group III received only RHE 500 mg/kg b.w of rats. The 4th, 5th and 6th groups received codeine 10 mg/kg/b.w alongside 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg RHE, respectively. Treatments (RHE and codeine) were administered once during the early hours between 9-10 am daily for 30 days, the animals were sacrificed, and blood and tissue samples were harvested. Male reproductive hormones such as testosterone, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and sperm quality parameters were assayed. The testis tissues were excised and examined for histopathological changes. The result revealed that high dose codeine administration significantly decreased epidermal morphology, motility, and sperm count as well as testosterone, FSH, and LH concentrations, respectively. The histopathological examination revealed distinct abnormal changes in the codeine control group when compared with the other experimental groups. RHE administration significantly improved the altered assayed parameters.
Atypical Presentation and Treatment of Large Facial Neuroma: Case Report and Review
Authors: Simfukwe Keith , Shamsuloev Sherzod , Musa Gerald , Gennadevich Chmutin Egor 
Published: August 2023

Background: Facial nerve neuromas (FNN) are significantly rare brain tumors. Our objective is to report a case of an atypical presentation and treatment of a large facial nerve neuroma. We review current literature and discuss issues pertaining to postoperative outcomes of large facial neuromas.
Method: We retrospectively reviewed a case of patient who presented in our center with atypical symptoms of a large intracranial facial neuroma (schwannoma), our approach to treatment, outcome and combined it with review of current literature. A review of the current literature was performed by extrapolating data relating to clinical and management details pertaining to FNN, currently listed on the Google scholar, Clinical- Trials.gov database, and PubMed. This information was tabulated and compared with our experience.
Conclusion: Large facial nerves neuromas (FNN) are very rare brain tumors which may coexist with the patient without debilitating symptoms. When diagnosed, individualized approached to archive maximal resection while preserving surrounding cranial nerves and brain stem function must be the goal. Intraoperative patient positioning, is vital for attaining maximal view, brain relaxation and minimal bleeding.
EVALUACIÓN NUTRICIONAL IN VITRO DE FORRAJES DE CEREALES DE GRANO PEQUEÑO PARA SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN DE LECHE EN PEQUEÑA ESCALA
Authors: López González Felipe , Celis Alvarez Maria Danaee , Estrada Flores Julieta Gertrudis , Domínguez Vara Ignacio Arturo , Heredia Nava Darwin , Munguía Contreras Adrián , Arriaga Jordán Carlos Manuel 
Published: August 2023

<p>Small-grain cereals are promoted as forage alternatives that may substitute for other traditional crops when short cycle forages are required for cattle feeding. The objective of the work was to assess <em>in vitro</em> the nutritive quality, ruminal fermentation kinetics and digestibility by the gas production technique of forage from common oat (<em>Avena sativa </em>cv. Canadiense) = AC, black oat (<em>Avena strigosa </em>cv. Saia) = AN, Triticale (<em>×Triticosecale</em> Wittm. cv. Criollo) = T, and rye (<em>Secale cereale </em>of national production) = C. The forage crops were sown in 250 m<sup>2 </sup>plots, harvested and sampled 72 days after sowing in a completely randomised design with five replicates. Both oat species (AC and AN) had significantly higher crude protein and neutral detergent fibre contents (P&lt;0.05) compared to T and C. <em>In vitro </em>gas production showed a higher fermentation rate for black oat and common oat, with no differences for <em>in vitro</em> digestibility (P&gt;0.05) for the evaluated forages. There were also no differences in the estimated ME content (P&gt;0.05). Results indicate that black and common oats are forages with a better nutritive quality when harvested at a similar time compared to triticale and rye forage.</p>
An Insight into Menstrual Disorders and Female Reproductive Health: A Cross Sectional Study of Females in the Darjeeling Region
Authors: Chhetri Udrishya , Gurung Yuvraj 
Published: August 2023

Background: Menstruation is a critical phenomenon in women’s life. However, variability in menstrual cycle characteristics and menstrual disorders are common. The purpose of this study was to determine the menstrual characteristics of females, its association with disorders and complications and overall female health.
Methods: The study was conducted to evaluate the menstruation disorders and common female complications and its severity in females and its effect on their regular activities. This is a cross-sectional study; conducted on 303 females in Darjeeling Himalayan region, structured questionnaires were used to gather the socio- demographic data, age at menarche, regularity in menses and dysfunctions. Data was analyzed using spss-16 and excel-2019.
Results: In the study mean age of menarche was found to be 12.94±1.69 year and menopause ages 45.4±6.45 years. Menarche and menopause age shows positive relation. The majority 59.1% (179) experienced dysmenorrhea, 33% menorrhagia, 22.1%(67) hypo menorrhagia followed byoligomerorrhea is 21.1% (64 females) and Polymenorrhea is 13.2% (40).(Fig: 2).Both early and late menarche was seen to be related to menstrual dysfunction among women. Menstrual disturbances were more prevalent among women who experienced menarche at a younger age and those with dieting habits. Consumption of alcohol, tobacco and junk food had negative impact leading to various menstrual disorders.
Conclusion: Menstrual problems among females are common and notions about female health are still in base. The study being the pilot project in this region seeks attention for help of females all around, for the education and educare of female child starting from education about periods to usage of right sanitary products, education about menstruation and its complications, importance of seeking help.
Sistem Kontrol Pada Budidaya Sarang Burung Walet Menggunakan Internet Of Things (IOT)
Authors: Baco Syarifuddin , Kamal  , El Fazza Fachri , Supiati Muh. Aidil Alfaids 
Published: August 2023

Burung walet merupakan ternak unggas yang dibudidayakan dengan sarang sebagai produksi utama. Produksi sarang burung walet dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah faktor kondisi lingkungannya yang kadang tidak menentu akibat perubahan iklim yang ada di Indonesia. Ketidakstabilan suhu menjadi permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh para peternak dimana peternak masih menggunakan cara manual untuk mengontrol suhu selain itu juga peternak masih harus mengecek secara berkala bagaimana kondisi suhu sarang yang mengakibatkan terganggunya burung walet. Tujuan penelitian ini merancang sistem kontrol pada budi daya sarang burung walet menggunakan IoT guna mempermudah peternak dalam mengontrol suhu pada sarang burung walet. Metode penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan serangkaian riset menggunakan berbagai metode yang melewati beberapa tahapan. Pengujian sistem adalah pengujian aplikasi yang digunkan untuk mengontrol, aplikasi yang di gunakan adalah aplikasi Blynk, sensor DHT22, LCD, Mist Maker dan kipas. Tahap perancangan menggunakan Adaptor sebagai sumber tegangan dan wi-fi penghubung sistem dengan smartphone, sensor DHT22 mendeteksi suhu, aplikasi Blynk sebagai pengendali utama, LCD menampilkan suhu, Mist Maker mengubah air menjadi embun, kipas untuk mendinginkan air. Hasil pengujian sistem menggunakan aplikasi Blynk untuk mengontrol suhu ruangan menghidupkan atau mematikan mist maker dan kipas, dimana mist maker dan kipas akan menyala apabila suhu dalam sarang walet di atas 28 derajat begitupun sebaliknya, mist maker akan mati apabila suhu dalam sarang walet dibawah 28 derajat. Kesimpulan sistem kontrol pada budi daya sarang burung walet menggunakan IoT bekerja dengan baik dan akurat.
التعليل الصرفي عند الزرديني في كتابه الأوضح
Authors: أ.د. أحمد سهام رشيد النعيمي  , م.م فاروق علاء صالح القيسي  
Published: August 2023

إنّ هذا البحث يهدف إلى الكشف عن حد العلة وبيان نشأتها ثم أصل التعليل الصرفي عند القدماء عمومًا و الزرديني خصوصًا في كتابة الأوضح في شرح التصريف العزي ، وبين منهجه وأدواته التي استعملها في هذا الميدان مع عرض لبعض التعليلات الصرفية عنده ودراستها والإشارة إلى ماكان عند العلماء القدماء من الصرفيين.
المرجعية اللغوية عند شُرَّاح الحديث النبويّ الشريف
Authors: أ. د. يوسف خلف محل  , الباحث: وليد عواد متعب  
Published: August 2023

من المعلوم أنَّ علوم العربية من نحوٍ وصرفٍ وبلاغةٍ وآداب الشعر وغير ذلك علومٌ دُوِّنَت ونشأت في ظلال القرآن الكريم، وجاءت خدمةً لعلوم الكتاب والسُّنَّة، وهذا يوجب على كلِّ مَن يريد أنْ ينفذ إلى علوم الشريعة أنْ يكون متقنًا لعلوم العربية، وبذا حوت كتب أُصول الفقه لُبابَ علم دلالات الألفاظ؛ لأنَّ قواعد التفسير، وقواعد الشرح لا بُدَّ أنْ تضبط بضوابط يعرفها أهل الإفتاء وأهل الاجتهاد. وهذه الدراسة التي بعنوان (المرجعية اللغوية عند شُرَّاح الحديث النبويّ الشريف) هي تحقيقٌ لما أسلفنا من استهلالٍ في وجوب تعلم العربية لطالب الحديث، وهي بعد المقدمة في مبحثين وخاتمة:
المبحث الأول: فقه العربية وعلم الشَّريعة.
المبحث الثاني: دقائق العربية عند شُرَّاح الحديث.
الخاتمة: وفيها أهم النتائج.
وخلاصة البحث أنَّ ضبط علوم الآلة ولا سيما علم العربية وفنونها هو الطريق الضامن لفقه النصوص ومعرفة مقاصدها، والاجتهاد في العربية يزيد من الاجتهاد في التصدي للمستجدات الشرعية وتقنينها.