bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modal Crash Types for Intermittent Computing
Authors: Derakhshan Farzaneh , Dotzel Myra , Surbatovich Milijana , Jia Limin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntermittent computing is gaining traction in application domains such as Energy Harvesting Devices (EHDs) that experience arbitrary power failures during program execution. To make progress, programs require system support to checkpoint state and re-execute after power failure by restoring the last saved state. This re-execution should becorrect, i.e., simulated by a continuously-powered execution. We study the logical underpinning of intermittent computing and model checkpoint, crash, restore, and re-execution operations as computation on Crash types. We draw inspiration from adjoint logic and define Crash types by introducing two adjoint modality operators to model persistent and transient memory values of partial (re-)executions and the transitions between them caused by checkpoints and restoration. We define a Crash type system for a core calculus. We prove the correctness of intermittent systems by defining a novel logical relation for Crash types.
Cosmological Perturbations in Double Field Theory
Authors: Hohm Olaf , Pinto Allison F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We explore perturbative double field theory about time-dependent (cosmological) backgrounds to cubic order. To this order the theory is consistent in a weakly constrained sense, so that for a toroidal geometry it encodes both momentum and genuine winding modes. We give a self-contained discussion of the consistency problems and their resolution, including the role of cocycle factors and the O(d, d, ℤ) duality. Finally, as a first step toward the computation of cosmological correlation functions, we propose a generalized scalar-vector-tensor decomposition and use it to construct gauge invariant generalized Bardeen variables. Compared to standard cosmology there are fewer tensor modes but more vector and scalar modes.
Drawing, Shapes and Parametric Design of Rod and Node Architectural Structures
Authors: Zerlenga Ornella , Cirillo Vincenzo , Cicala Margherita 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis research focuses on extensible structures composed of rods and nodes, which have been developed since the mid-twentieth century. A geometric, mathematical, and graphical analysis of simple double-rod scissor structures, and then investigates the three-rod and node structures of architect E. P. Piñero, using digital and parametric modeling.
Schwere kutane Arzneimittelreaktionen bei Kindern
Authors: Mockenhaupt Maja 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungSchwere kutane Arzneimittelreaktionen kommen auch bei Kindern vor und reichen von blasenbildenden Reaktionsformen der Haut und Schleimhaut bis zu ausgedehnten Exanthemen mit Blutbildveränderungen und Beteiligung innerer Organe. Zu den erstgenannten gehören das Stevens-Johnson-Syndrom (SJS) und die toxische epidermale Nekrolyse (TEN), die als eine Krankheitsentität mit verschiedenen Schweregraden angesehen und auch als „epidermale“ oder „epitheliale Nekrolyse“ (EN) zusammengefasst werden. Die Gruppe der Arzneimittelreaktionen mit primär systemischen Veränderungen wird durch eine als „drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms“ (DRESS) bezeichnete Reaktionsform repräsentiert.Obwohl die EN allgemein als Arzneimittelreaktion gilt, lässt sich bei Kindern nur in der Hälfte der Fälle ein medikamentöser Auslöser ausmachen. Erst nach einer klaren Diagnosestellung sollten spezifische therapeutische Maßnahmen folgen, wobei das Absetzen des auslösenden Agens bei arzneimittelinduzierten Fällen die entscheidende Rolle spielt. Um das verursachende Arzneimittel identifizieren und absetzen zu können, muss eine sehr detaillierte Arzneimittelanamnese erhoben werden. Zu den hochverdächtigen Auslösern von EN und DRESS bei Kindern gehören bestimmte Antiepileptika, Sulfonamide und Sulfasalazin. Die supportive Therapie mit entsprechenden Lokalmaßnahmen, Schmerztherapie, augenärztlicher Mitbetreuung etc. ist bei EN unersetzlich, doch hat sich eine kurzzeitige immunmodulierende Therapie mit Cyclosporin A als hilfreich erwiesen. Bei DRESS hingegen wird eine mittel- bis längerfristige systemische Therapie mit Glukokortikosteroiden empfohlen.
Enhancement of shape accuracy and die quenchability of ultra-high strength steel hollow products in hot stamping of tubes using eco-friendly fiber-reinforced ice mandrel
Authors: Talebi-Anaraki Ali , Maeno Tomoyoshi , Matsubara Yuta , Ikeda Ryohei , Mori Ken-ichiro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A hot stamping process of quenchable steel tubes using a mandrel reinforced with eco-friendly fibers was developed to produce ultra-high strength steel hollow parts having enhanced lightweighting and crashworthiness. High internal pressure was generated to improve the die quenchability and shape accuracy of the formed parts by the fiber reinforcement. Wood sawdust, shredded copy paper, and plant fiber made of recycled toilet paper were chosen as the fibers, and not only the strength was evaluated from a uniaxial compression test but also the melting behavior of the mandrel was examined. The influence of the fiber reinforcement on the shape accuracy and die quenchability of hot-stamped parts was investigated. The generated internal pressure with the fiber-reinforced ice mandrel was higher than that with the pure ice mandrel without the reinforcement, and thus, the shape accuracy and die quenchability of hot-stamped parts were significantly improved even for a comparatively small change in internal volume of tubes.
Systematic approach to process parameter optimization for laser powder bed fusion of low-alloy steel based on melting modes
Authors: Bergmueller Simon , Gerhold Lukas , Fuchs Lorenz , Kaserer Lukas , Leichtfried Gerhard 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the metal additive manufacturing (AM) process of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), there are a limited number of materials suitable for producing parts with high density and desired mechanical properties. To establish novel materials, it is essential to determine optimized process parameters in order to overcome process-related challenges and mitigate defects such as lack of fusion, keyholing, and balling. Scaling laws based on thermophysical properties and process parameters can be used to transfer knowledge from other materials or LPBF systems. In this work, a scaling law is used to adjust process parameters for single-track experiments over a wide range, which are laser power PL (100–1000 W), scan speed vs (300–2500 mm/s), and laser spot size ds (0.08–0.25 mm). Compared to existing studies, the parameter range is thus extended towards large laser spot sizes and high laser powers. The scaling law used is based on the calculation of the normalized enthalpy $$\frac{\Delta H}{{h}_{s}}$$

Δ
H

h
s

. The ratio of the deposited energy density $$\Delta$$
Δ
H and the melting enthalpy hs correlates with the dimensions of the melt pool. According to the aspect ratio $${\delta }_{\mathrm{c}}$$

δ
c

of the melt pool of each single track, the respective melting mode—conduction, transition, and keyhole mode—was identified. The process parameters of the single tracks in transition mode were used to optimize the density of the LPBF specimens with varying hatch distance hd (0.06–0.12 mm), resulting in specimens with a relative density of > 99.8%. The proposed methodology can accelerate the process parameter finding for new alloys and avoid process-related defects.
Graphical Abstract
The N-terminal disordered region of ChsB regulates its efficient transport to the hyphal apical surface in Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Jin Jingyun , Iwama Ryo , Horiuchi Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn fungi, the cell wall plays a crucial role in morphogenesis and response to stress from the external environment. Chitin is one of the main cell wall components in many filamentous fungi. In Aspergillus nidulans, a class III chitin synthase ChsB plays a pivotal role in hyphal extension and morphogenesis. However, little is known about post-translational modifications of ChsB and their functional impacts. In this study, we showed that ChsB is phosphorylated in vivo. We characterized strains that produce ChsB using stepwise truncations of its N-terminal disordered region or deletions of some residues in that region and demonstrated its involvement in ChsB abundance on the hyphal apical surface and in hyphal tip localization. Furthermore, we showed that some deletions in this region affected the phosphorylation states of ChsB, raising the possibility that these states are important for the localization of ChsB to the hyphal surface and the growth of A. nidulans. Our findings indicate that ChsB transport is regulated by its N-terminal disordered region.
A semiclassical approach to the magnetotransport in quasi-1D electron systems
Authors: Hidalgo M. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe issue of the magnetotransport in any quasi one-dimensional (quasi-1D) electron system has not hoarded so much attention as the magnetotransport in two-dimensional (2D) system. At most, at the beginning of the realization of those systems, some experimental studies and phenomenological models were developed. However, it is an interesting subject that can throw light on the physical mechanisms determining the transport properties of low-dimensional electron systems. In our previous paper, Hidalgo (Eur Phys J Plus 137:1–-14, 2022), we described in detail a semiclassical global approach to the quantum Hall and Shubnikov-de Haas phenomena in a 2D system for both, the integer and fractional quantum Hall effects (IQHE and FQHE), and not only in semiconductors quantum wells but also in graphene. Here, we focus on the magnetotransport in a quasi-1D electron system following also a semiclassical approach, i.e., taking into consideration the Landau-type density of states for such system and its implication in the conductivity.
Lysis of soil microbial cells by CO2 or N2 high pressurization compared with chloroform fumigation
Authors: Paliaga Sara , Laudicina Vito Armando , Badalucco Luigi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe classical chloroform fumigation-incubation (CFI) and fumigation-extraction (CFE) methods are nowadays among the most used for determining soil microbial biomass, although the chloroform lysing of microbial cells is not always complete. Here, we have tested a physical method, used for sterilizing foods but never in soil, based on N2 or CO2 high pressurization (N2HP or CO2HP, respectively) to cause microbial cell lysis. The N2HP and CO2HP were tested on two soils differing for their organic matter content, one agricultural (AGR) and one forest (FOR), and firstly were compared with the CFI. The CO2 extra-flush from both soils during 10-d incubation by N2HP was lower than that by CFI method, whereas that by CO2HP was greater. Then, the lysis by CO2HP was compared with that by the CFE method by varying CO2 pressure and duration. The CO2HP, at proper conditions, was more efficient than CFE method to cause the lysis of soil microbial cells. Moreover, both CO2 pressure value and duration were important in increasing the extractable organic C compared to the CFE. The most successful combination of high CO2 pressure and duration was 4.13 MPa and 32 h. However, we cannot exclude that CO2HP might have caused the release of soil organic C not ascribable to living organic matter. Further studies using 13C and/or 15N-labeled microbial cells should assess the release of abiotic organic C.
Influence of age on force and re-lengthening dynamics after tetanic stimulation withdrawal in the tibialis anterior muscle
Authors: Cogliati M. , Cudicio A. , Benedini M. , Cabral H. V. , Negro F. , Reggiani C. , Orizio C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
During alternate movements across a joint, the changeover from one direction of rotation to the opposite may be influenced by the delay and rate of tension reduction and the compliance to re-lengthening of the previously active muscle group. Given the aging process may affect the above-mentioned factors, this work aimed to compare the dynamics of both the ankle torque decline and muscle re-lengthening, mirrored by mechanomyogram (MMG), in the tibialis anterior because of its important role in gait.

Methods
During the relaxation phase, after a supramaximal 35 Hz stimulation applied at the superficial motor point, in 20 young (Y) and 20 old (O) subjects, the torque (T) and MMG dynamics characteristics were measured.

Results
The T and MMG analysis provided: (I) the beginning of the decay after cessation of stimulation (T: 22.51 ± 5.92 ms [Y] and 51.35 ± 15.21 ms [O]; MMG: 27.38 ± 6.93 ms [Y] and 61.41 ± 18.42 ms [O]); (II) the maximum rate of reduction (T: − 110.4 ± 45.56 Nm/s [Y] and − 52.72 ± 32.12 Nm/s [O]; MMG: − 24.47 ± 10.95 mm/s [Y] and − 13.76 ± 6.54 mm/s [O]); (III) the muscle compliance, measuring the MMG reduction of every 10% reduction of torque (bin 20–10%: 15.69 ± 7.5[Y] and 10.8 ± 3.3 [O]; bin 10–0%: 22.12 ± 10.3 [Y] and 17.58 ± 5.6 [O]).

Conclusion
Muscle relaxation results are different in Y and O and can be monitored by a non-invasive method measuring physiological variables of torque and re-lengthening dynamics at the end of the electromechanical coupling previously induced by the neuromuscular stimulation.
Intuition in chess: a study with world-class players
Authors: Chassy Philippe , Lahaye Rick , Didierjean André , Gobet Fernand 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntuition plays a central role in cognition in general and expertise in particular. Dreyfus and Dreyfus’s (1986) and Gobet and Chassy’s (2008) theories of expert intuition propose that a characteristic feature of expert intuition is the holistic understanding displayed by experts. The ideal way to test this prediction is to use highly expert participants and short presentation times. Chess players (N = 63), ranging from candidate masters to world-class players, had to evaluate chess problems. Evaluating the problems required an understanding of the position as a whole. Results demonstrated an effect of skill (better players had better evaluations), complexity (simpler positions were better evaluated than complex positions) and balance (accuracy diminished when the true evaluations became more extreme). A regression analysis showed that skill accounted for 44% of the variance in evaluation error. These important results support the central role of holistic intuition in expertise.
Mallat Scattering Transformation based surrogate for Magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Glinsky Michael E. , Maupin Kathryn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA Machine and Deep Learning (MLDL) methodology is developed and applied to give a high fidelity, fast surrogate for 2D resistive MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) simulations of Magnetic Liner Inertial Fusion (MagLIF) implosions. The resistive MHD code is used to generate an ensemble of implosions with different liner aspect ratios, initial gas preheat temperatures (that is, different adiabats), and different liner perturbations. The liner density and magnetic field as functions of x, y, and z were generated. The Mallat Scattering Transformation (MST) is taken of the logarithm of both fields and a Principal Components Analysis (PCA) is done on the logarithm of the MST of both fields. The fields are projected onto the PCA vectors and a small number of these PCA vector components are kept. Singular Value Decompositions of the cross correlation of the input parameters to the output logarithm of the MST of the fields, and of the cross correlation of the SVD vector components to the PCA vector components are done. This allows the identification of the PCA vectors vis-a-vis the input parameters. Finally, a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network with ReLU activation and a simple three layer encoder/decoder architecture is trained on this dataset to predict the PCA vector components of the fields as a function of time. Details of the implosion, stagnation, and the disassembly are well captured. Examination of the PCA vectors and a permutation importance analysis of the MLP show definitive evidence of an inverse turbulent cascade into a dipole emergent behavior. The orientation of the dipole is set by the initial liner perturbation. The analysis is repeated with a version of the MST which includes phase, called Wavelet Phase Harmonics (WPH). While WPH do not give the physical insight of the MST, they can and are inverted to give field configurations as a function of time, including field-to-field correlations.
Phase-field modelling and analysis of rate-dependent fracture phenomena at finite deformation
Authors: Dammaß Franz , Kalina Karl A. , Ambati Marreddy , Kästner Markus 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFracture of materials with rate-dependent mechanical behaviour, e.g. polymers, is a highly complex process. For an adequate modelling, the coupling between rate-dependent stiffness, dissipative mechanisms present in the bulk material and crack driving force has to be accounted for in an appropriate manner. In addition, the resistance against crack propagation can depend on rate of deformation. In this contribution, an energetic phase-field model of rate-dependent fracture at finite deformation is presented. For the deformation of the bulk material, a formulation of finite viscoelasticity is adopted with strain energy densities of Ogden type assumed. The unified formulation allows to study different expressions for the fracture driving force. Furthermore, a possibly rate-dependent toughness is incorporated. The model is calibrated using experimental results from the literature for an elastomer and predictions are qualitatively and quantitatively validated against experimental data. Predictive capabilities of the model are studied for monotonic loads as well as creep fracture. Symmetrical and asymmetrical crack patterns are discussed and the influence of a dissipative fracture driving force contribution is analysed. It is shown that, different from ductile fracture of metals, such a driving force is not required for an adequate simulation of experimentally observable crack paths and is not favourable for the description of failure in viscoelastic rubbery polymers. Furthermore, the influence of a rate-dependent toughness is discussed by means of a numerical study. From a phenomenological point of view, it is demonstrated that rate-dependency of resistance against crack propagation can be an essential ingredient for the model when specific effects such as rate-dependent brittle-to-ductile transitions shall be described.
Models and algorithms for U-shaped assembly line balancing problem with collaborative robots
Authors: Li Zixiang , Janardhanan Mukund , Tang Qiuhua , Zhang Zikai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe collaborative robots (cobots) are increasingly being utilized in industries due to the advancement in the field of robotic technology and also due to the increase in labor costs. The cobots on the assembly line can be utilized to complete the tasks independently or assist the workers to complete the tasks. This study considers the U-shaped assembly line balancing problem with cobots, where several cobots with different purchasing costs are selected under the budget constraint. Three mixed-integer programming models are formulated to optimize the cycle time, and the built models are capable of solving the small-sized instances optimally. Two algorithms, artificial bee colony algorithm and migrating bird optimization algorithm, are developed and improved to tackle the large-sized instances, where new encoding scheme and decoding procedure are developed for this new problem. The computational tests demonstrate that the utilization of collaborative robots reduces the cycle time effectively in the assembly line. The comparative study on a set of instances shows that the proposed methodologies obtain competing performance in comparison with other 12 implemented algorithms.
The paleo-community of the Sciacca red coral
Authors: Bavestrello Giorgio , Betti Federico , Calcagnile Lucio , Canessa Martina , D’Elia Marina , Quarta Gianluca , Bo Marzia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe sub-fossil red coral deposits of Sciacca (Sicily Channel) have attracted scientific attention for nearly 150 years. Their origin and formation have been long questioned and investigated, given the fact that they represent one of the most intriguing geobiological events ever to occur in the Mediterranean basin. Less attention was given to the paleo-community associated with the sub-fossil coral. Radiocarbon age determinations, in particular, were provided only for red coral, neglecting the possibility of understanding which species were simultaneously present in the coralline paleo-community and which was their role. The study of cemented coral rubble pieces revealed that Corallium rubrum covered the largest time interval (more than 3000 years) and was contemporary to many secondary epibionts over two millennia and to Madrepora oculata for about 500 years; this last finding suggested that an uncommon co-dominance between the two structuring species occurred in the nearby living communities. The lack of Fe–Mg deposits on the cemented coral rubbles coupled with the low bioerosion rate of the red coral skeletons by the demosponge Siphonodictyon coralliirubri (assessed through the analysis of the erosive paleo-scars) suggested that the deposits met with a rapid sediment cover-up. Moreover, for the first time, the analysis of a piece of cemented coral rubble of sub-fossil red coral coming from Sardinian waters confirmed that, albeit to a lesser extent, the conditions favouring the preservation of dead corals can occur also in different localities far from Sciacca.
A multi-robot deep Q-learning framework for priority-based sanitization of railway stations
Authors: Caccavale Riccardo , Ermini Mirko , Fedeli Eugenio , Finzi Alberto , Lippiello Vincenzo , Tavano Fabrizio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSanitizing railway stations is a relevant issue, primarily due to the recent evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic. In this work, we propose a multi-robot approach to sanitize railway stations based on a distributed Deep Q-Learning technique. The proposed framework relies on anonymous data from existing WiFi networks to dynamically estimate crowded areas within the station and to develop a heatmap of prioritized areas to be sanitized. Such heatmap is then provided to a team of cleaning robots - each endowed with a robot-specific convolutional neural network - that learn how to effectively cooperate and sanitize the station’s areas according to the associated priorities. The proposed approach is evaluated in a realistic simulation scenario provided by the Italian largest railways station: Roma Termini. In this setting, we consider different case studies to assess how the approach scales with the number of robots and how the trained system performs with a real dataset retrieved from a one-day data recording of the station’s WiFi network.