bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nest‐site features influence nest survival of the Hellmayr's pipit in extensive cattle‐grazed grasslands
Authors: Colombo Martín A. , Segura Luciano N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Pampas Grasslands in South America have been almost completely transformed by urbanization and agriculture. Many grassland birds persist only in extensive natural pasturelands, which are under constant pressure from fragmentation, cattle‐grazing, and exotic plant species. Identifying which habitat features affect bird breeding success is important for their conservation in altered habitats, although few studies have been conducted in the Pampas Grasslands. We analyzed the influence of habitat features on the daily nest survival rates (DSR) of the Hellmayr's pipit (Anthus hellmayri), a grassland passerine endemic to South America, in a cattle‐grazed grassland. We evaluated the effects of vegetation features at a nest‐site scale, proximity to habitat edges, cattle density, and temporal factors. During 3 breeding seasons (2017–2020), we confirmed the fate of 90 nests, 25 of which were successful (27.8%). Predation was the most common cause of failure (80%), followed by weather‐induced abandonment (10.8%). Average DSR was 0.9106, with a cumulative survival probability of only 7.4%. The best model indicated that DSR was higher in nests adjacent to grass clumps than in those placed in depressions and followed a quadratic trend with nest age. Clump nests may be better protected from aerial predators and rainfall; hence pipits could be more successful in areas with more grass clumps. The very low nest success raises concern regarding the value of these grazing fields as breeding habitats; we urge authorities and landowners to increase conservation efforts in the remaining natural grasslands in the Pampas.
The German version of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale—Psychometric properties and normative data for German 8‐ to 17‐year‐olds
Authors: Grothus Susanne , Sommer Ariane , Claus Benedikt B. , Stahlschmidt Lorin , Chorpita Bruce F. , Wager Julia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesAnxiety and depression are internalizing mental disorders often commencing in childhood and manifesting in adolescence. The Revised Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) is an internationally widely used standardized diagnostic tool, but the German version has only been validated in a pediatric chronic pain sample; normative data are not available. The aim of this study is to test its reliability (internal consistency) and validity (factorial, convergent, known‐groups) in a representative German school sample and to provide norm data.MethodsData were collected from N = 1562 German schoolchildren (Mage = 12.2; SDage = 2.33; range 8–17 years; 52.4% girls).ResultsCronbach's α ranged from 0.73 to 0.96 for the total and the six subscales (five anxiety and one depression). Confirmatory factor analysis showed the 6‐factor model had acceptable to good model fit with CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.05, which was better than 1‐ and 2‐factor models. The (sub)scales correlated moderate to high negatively with health‐related quality of life (−0.31 ≤ τ ≤ −0.51; p < 0.001) and positively with functional impairment (0.31 ≤ τ ≤ 0.48; p < 0.001). Mean scores of anxiety and depression scales were significantly higher in girls and partly in adolescents.ConclusionFindings provide support for the good psychometric properties of the German RCADS in a community sample.
Gender in nonprofit organizations: A critical review and research agenda
Authors: Holgersson Charlotte , Hvenmark Johan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we suggest a research agenda based on a review of literature exploring gender in nonprofit organizations (NPOs) published in key field‐specific journals in nonprofit studies. The literature review shows that gender is often included as an unproblematized variable and that few studies focus on organizational processes that (re)produce gender inequalities and promote gender equality in NPOs. There is thus a need to expand our knowledge concerning gender in NPOs. The purpose of this paper is therefore to contribute to the development of empirical and theoretical work concerning organizational processes that (re)produce gender in NPOs. In order to inspire such endeavors, we outline a research agenda that proposes an understanding of gender informed by gender theory, an acknowledgement of NPOs as arenas where gender is (re)produced, and a development of theories on NPOs as gendered organizations.
Coping with identity threat and health literacy on the quality of life and mental health in students: Structural equation modeling
Authors: Ataei Mina , Esmaelzadeh Saeieh Sara , Yazdkhasti Mansooreh , Jashni Motlagh Alireza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimAdolescents face many challenges when entering university. The aim of this study was determined predictor role of coping with identity threat and health literacy on the quality of life and mental health of students.MethodsThis is a descriptive‐analytical study of the structural equation study. Random sampling was performed on 300 students of Alborz University of medical science who were eligible to enter the study. The link of the questionnaires was provided to the students through social networks. The questionnaires were used to study identity threat, mental health, health literacy, and quality of life.ResultsThe results of structural equations showed that health literacy has a negative and significant effect (β = −0.22) and identity threat strategy has a negative and significant effect on students' mental health disorder (β = −0.53). Mental health disorders have a negative and significant effect on the quality of life in students (β = −0.49), and health literacy has a positive and significant effect on the quality of life (β = 0.35). Based on Sobel criterion, mental health disorder was a partial mediator for the indirect effect of coping threat strategy on quality of life.ConclusionsConsidering the effect of mental health and health literacy on the quality of life and the effectiveness of coping strategies, it is recommended to evaluate the mental health and health literacy of students in universities and provide educational programs for identity coping in the early years after entering the university.
Investigation of charge dynamics in the corona‐aged silicone rubber alumina nanocomposite
Authors: Thangabalan B. , Sarathi R. , Harid N. , Griffiths H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe effect of corona aging on the surface potential dynamics and charge trap characteristics of silicone rubber alumina nanocomposite are examined using surface potential decay measurement. The aging was carried out by exposing the specimens to corona stress generated by a high‐frequency AC multi needle‐plane electrode system. The results show that the addition of alumina filler increases the surface potential decay time and maximum trap energy. A reduction in trap depth is observed with the corona aging, and the addition of alumina filler limits the degradation and change in charge trap distribution. The results of an analysis of the space charge behavior of different nanocomposites and their comparison are presented. The space charge variation analysis was carried out under the applied electric field of 20 kV/mm at room temperature using the pulsed electro‐acoustic technique (PEA). Based on the results, the charge density, electric field, and charge trap distribution were deduced. It is concluded that the space charge concentration and enhancement in the electric field of the aged material increases with aging duration and it is maximum in the case of 60 min corona‐aged pure silicone rubber. Analysis of the recovery of the charge dynamics of the sample after corona discharges at the different time intervals shows that the recovery of trap distribution is faster for a virgin sample and slower for the sample with 5 wt% of alumina.
Surface modification of silica with polymethylmethacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid for enhancement of self‐healing performance of natural rubber composites based on metal thiolate ionic network
Authors: Rehman Abdul , Ismail Hanafi , Sani Noor Faezah Mohd , Majid Noor Aishatun , Othman Nadras , Shuib Raa Khimi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolymethylmethacrylate‐co‐methacrylic acid (PMMA‐co‐MAA) was utilized for surface improvement of silica to be used as reinforcement in self‐healing natural rubber based on metal thiolate ionic network. The amount of PMMA‐co‐MAA was varied at 1, 3, and 5 wt% of silica content and the optimized PMMA‐co‐MAA was utilized to investigate the self‐healing NR/silica composites at different filler loading (5, 10, 20, and 30 phr). The graft polymerization of PMMA‐co‐MAA on silica was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy and grafting percentage was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Intermolecular diffusion occurred at the fractured area was detected using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the results revealed that the composite tensile and tear performance increased 22%–70% with healing efficiency percentage ranging between 70% and 97% depending on the silica loading.
Detonation of high explosives containing phosphorus(V) nitride, P3N5
Authors: Koch Ernst‐Christian , Cudziło Stanisław , Trzciński Waldemar A. , Paszula Józef 
Published: March 2023

AbstractComposition A4 (RDX/wax, 94/6 wt %) modified with additional phosphorus(V) nitride, P3N5 (CAS‐No.: [12136‐91‐3]) and aluminum does not show increased detonation velocity, Gurney energy or blast pressure when compared with the baseline formulation. The general failure of P3N5 to contribute to the detonation performance is understood to result from the low negative enthalpy of formation of P3N5 that makes this compound a “heat sink” in the detonation and post detonation zone. A formulation containing both P3N5 and Al (RDX/P3N5/Al/wax: 50.76/36/10/3.24 wt %) shows superior luminosity and temperature of the post detonation fireball when compared with both Comp A4 and even aluminized Comp A4 (Hexal=RDX/Al/wax: 65.8/30/4.2 wt %). The superior luminosity is understood to be due to formation of aluminum phosphate, AlPO4 a material with high optical emissivity which however, decomposes above T=1600 °C.
Prognostic factors of overall and prostate‐specific antigen‐progression‐free survival in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients treated with 177Lu‐PSMA‐617. A single‐center prospective observational study
Authors: Telli Tugce , Tuncel Murat , Karabulut Erdem , Aksoy Sercan , Erman Mustafa , Akdogan Bulent , Caglar Meltem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is characterized by heterogeneity among patients as well as therapy responses due to diverse genetic, epigenetic differences, and resistance mechanisms. At this stage of the disease, therapy modalities should be individualized in light of the patients' clinical state, symptoms, and genetic characteristics. In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the outcome of patients with mCRPC treated with 177Lutetium labeled PSMA‐617 therapy (PSMA‐RLT), as well as baseline and therapy‐related parameters associated with survival.MethodsThis prospective study included 52 patients who received two to six cycles of PSMA‐RLT. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and prostate‐specific antigen (PSA)‐progression‐free survival (PFS). 18F‐Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 68Ga‐PSMA (PSMA) Positron Emission Tomography/Computer Tomography (PET/CT) scans were performed for a comprehensive assessment of tumor burden and heterogeneity. Biochemical, imaging, clinical, and therapy‐related parameters were analyzed with the Kaplan–Meier, log‐rank, and Cox regression analyses to predict OS and PFS.ResultsMedian OS and PSA‐PFS were 17.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.2–20.2) and 6.6 months (95% CI: 4.5–8.8), respectively. Primary resistance to PSMA‐RLT (hazard ratio [HR]: 12.57, 95% CI: 2.4–65.2, p: 0.003), <30% PSA response rate after first cycle of PSMA‐RLT (HR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.006–1.03, p: 0.003), FDG > PSMA disease (HR: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.19–20.62, p: 0.03), PSA doubling time (PSA DT) of ≤2.4 months (HR: 15.7, 95% CI: 3.7–66.4, p: <0.0001), and low hemoglobin levels (HR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.41–0.83, p: 0.003) were correlated with poor OS in the multivariate analysis. Bone scintigraphy >  PSMA disease (HR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.8–17, p: 0.002) and high C‐reactive protein (HR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–1.7, p: 0.001) were significant predictive biomarkers for PFS in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionPSA response rate and pattern to PSMA‐RLT are the most important predictors of survival in patients receiving PSMA‐RLT. Being a strong predictive biomarker, combined FDG and PSMA PET can be helpful for the decision of PSMA‐RLT eligibility.
Pathogen spreading during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Understanding a global phenomenon
Authors: Crabb Peter B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study examined news media reports published during the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic that described people spitting, coughing, and otherwise spreading respiratory fluids to other people and objects. A search of a news archive yielded more than 800 news articles published during March, April, and May, 2020, from which N = 325 cases of intentional pathogen spreading were identified. This was during the early part of the pandemic when the world was still trying to reach an understanding of how to deal with the pandemic. Collected news articles showed that cases of intentional pathogen spreading were reported to have occurred in 14 countries on 5 continents on most days (78.3%) of the 3‐month period considered. In 43% of cases, perpetrators claimed to be infected with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus. Frontline key workers, passersby, and retail workers were the most frequent targets. The findings suggest that more needs to be learned about intentional pathogen spreading behavior, with the goals of reducing its occurrence in future pandemics and protecting vulnerable targets.
Cooperation between Coherent Control and Noises in Quantum Metrology
Authors: Chen Yu , Miao Zibo , Yuan Haidong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, the cooperation between coherent control and noises in open spin systems is studied, aiming to demonstrate that such cooperation can provide new possibilities for parametrization in quantum metrology. The cooperative scheme proposed here outperforms the standard scheme, with higher precision achieved. More specifically, the effect of cooperative interaction between coherent control and noises in conventional single‐spin systems described by Lindblad master equations is illustrated, with the magnitude of a magnetic field taken as the parameter to be estimated and encoded in the noisy dynamics besides the Hamiltonian. The scenarios of both spontaneous emission and dephasing noise have been analyzed, where the associated quantum Fisher information has been given. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that in the realm where quantum metrology is mostly applied in practice, the precision limit under the cooperative scheme in the presence of noises can surpass the ultimate precision limit under the unitary dynamics. On the other hand, multiple‐spin systems have also been considered. It is shown that the coupling between different spins can help realize non‐local parametrization under the cooperative scheme, with the ground state made entangled. This thus leads to the improvement of precision limit, which has been proved and visualized in this article.
Metabolomic interplay between gut microbiome and plasma metabolome in cardiac surgery‐associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Bai Yunpeng , Huang Wendong , Jiang Xinyi , Xu Wang , Li Ying , Wang Yirong , Huang Sumei , Wu Kunyong , Hu Linhui , Chen Chunbo 
Published: March 2023

RationaleCardiac surgery‐associated acute kidney injury (CSA‐AKI) is a prevalent complication of cardiac surgery, which may be associated with a great risk of developing chronic kidney disease and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the possible links between gut microbiota metabolism and CSA‐AKI.MethodsA prospective cohort of patients who underwent cardiac surgery was continuously recruited, who were further divided into CSA‐AKI group and Non‐AKI group based on clinical outcomes. Their faecal and plasma samples were collected before surgery and were separately analysed by nontargeted and targeted metabolomics. The differential metabolites related to CSA‐AKI were screened out using statistical methods, and altered metabolic pathways were determined by examining the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database.ResultsNearly 1000 faecal metabolites were detected through high‐resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and bioinformatics at high and mid confidence levels, and 49 differential metabolites at high confidence level may perform essential biological functions and provide potential diagnostic indicators. Compared with the Non‐AKI group, the patients in the CSA‐AKI group displayed dramatic changes in gut microbiota metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, purine metabolism and ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Meanwhile, 188 plasma metabolites were identified and quantified by tandem MS, and 34 differential plasma metabolites were screened out between the two groups using univariate statistical analysis. These differential plasma metabolites were primarily enriched in the following metabolic pathways: sulphur metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and ABC transporters. Furthermore, the content of indole metabolites in the faecal and plasma samples of the CSA‐AKI group was higher than that of the Non‐AKI group.ConclusionsPatients with CSA‐AKI may have dysbiosis of their intestinal microbiota and metabolic abnormalities in their gut system before cardiac surgery. Thus, some metabolites and related metabolic pathways may be potential biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for the disease.
Demonstration and evaluation of commercial and municipal equipment for urban biological decontamination
Authors: Hayes Colin , Calfee Michael Worth , Boe Timothy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLarge‐scale biological contamination incidents pose unique yet significant challenges to remediation operations. Previous incidents have demonstrated the utility of readily available commercial and municipal equipment for conducting remediation tasks. Preidentification and evaluation of such equipment could reduce lag time for response initiation and enhance overall response effectiveness and efficiency. The current study aimed to identify commercial and municipal equipment that could be beneficial in wide‐area biological remediation operations. Equipment were identified by market research, their utility was assessed by a group of subject matter experts, and a subset of those equipment was observed under operational conditions in a realistic urban environment. Observations and feedback from demonstration participants are presented within the article. This information is intended to support rapid decision‐making following large‐scale biological incidents, broaden the universe of potentially useful equipment to support the response, enhance response operations, and reduce the impact on the public.
Phase transitions and noise sensitivity on the Poisson space via stopping sets and decision trees
Authors: Last Günter , Peccati Giovanni , Yogeshwaran D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProofs of sharp phase transition and noise sensitivity in percolation have been significantly simplified by the use of randomized algorithms, via the OSSS inequality (proved by O'Donnell et al. and the Schramm–Steif inequality for the Fourier‐Walsh coefficients of functions defined on the Boolean hypercube. In this article, we prove intrinsic versions of the OSSS and Schramm–Steif inequalities for functionals of a general Poisson process, and apply these new estimates to deduce sufficient conditions—expressed in terms of randomized stopping sets—yielding sharp phase transitions, quantitative noise sensitivity, exceptional times and bounds on critical windows for monotonic Boolean Poisson functions. Our analysis is based on a new general definition of “stopping set”, not requiring any topological property for the underlying measurable space, as well as on the new concept of a “continuous‐time decision tree”, for which we establish several fundamental properties. We apply our findings to the ‐percolation of the Poisson Boolean model and to the Poisson‐based confetti percolation with bounded random grains. In these two models, we reduce the proof of sharp phase transitions for percolation, and of noise sensitivity for crossing events, to the construction of suitable randomized stopping sets and the computation of one‐arm probabilities at criticality. This enables us to settle an open problem suggested by Ahlberg et al. (a special case of which was conjectured earlier by Ahlberg et al. on noise sensitivity of crossing events for the planar Poisson Boolean model with random balls whose radius distribution has finite ‐moments and also show the same for planar confetti percolation model with bounded random balls. We also prove that critical probability is for the planar confetti percolation model with bounded, ‐rotation invariant and reflection invariant random grains. Such a result was conjectured by Benjamini and Schramm in the case of fixed balls and proved by Müller, Hirsch and Ghosh and Roy in the case of balls, boxes and random boxes, respectively; our results contain all previous findings as special cases.
Defective TiO2−x for High‐Performance Electrocatalytic NO Reduction toward Ambient NH3 Production
Authors: Li Zixiao , Zhou Qiang , Liang Jie , Zhang Longcheng , Fan Xiaoya , Zhao Donglin , Cai Zhengwei , Li Jun , Zheng Dongdong , He Xun , Luo Yongsong , Wang Yan , Ying Binwu , Yan Hong , Sun Shengjun , Zhang Jing , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Gong Feng , Zheng Yinyuan , Sun Xuping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSynthesis of green ammonia (NH3) via electrolysis of nitric oxide (NO) is extraordinarily sustainable, but multielectron/proton‐involved hydrogenation steps as well as low concentrations of NO can lead to poor activities and selectivities of electrocatalysts. Herein, it is reported that oxygen‐defective TiO2 nanoarray supported on Ti plate (TiO2−x/TP) behaves as an efficient catalyst for NO reduction to NH3. In 0.2 m phosphate‐buffered electrolyte, such TiO2−x/TP shows competitive electrocatalytic NH3 synthesis activity with a maximum NH3 yield of 1233.2 µg h−1 cm−2 and Faradaic efficiency of 92.5%. Density functional theory calculations further thermodynamically faster NO deoxygenation and protonation processes on TiO2−x (101) compared to perfect TiO2 (101). And the low energy barrier of 0.7 eV on TiO2−x (101) for the potential‐determining step further highlights the greatly improved intrinsic activity. In addition, a Zn‐NO battery is fabricated with TiO2−x/TP and Zn plate to obtain an NH3 yield of 241.7 µg h−1 cm−2 while providing a peak power density of 0.84 mW cm−2.