bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinically differential diagnosis of human granulocytic anaplasmosis and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Authors: Kim Dong-Min , Yu Byung Jun , Kim Da Young , Seo Jun-Won , Yun Na-Ra , Kim Choon Mee , Kim Young Keun , Jung Sook In , Kim Uh Jin , Kim Seong Eun , Kim Hyun ah , Kim Eu Suk , Hur Jian , Lee Sun Hee , Jeong Hye Won , Heo Jung Yeon , Jung Dong Sik , Kim Jieun , Park Sun Hee , Kwak Yee Gyung , Lee Sujin , Lim Seungjin , Chatterjee Shilpa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study analyzed HGA and SFTS in patients with suspected tick-borne infection by focusing on key differences that clinicians can easily recognize. A retrospective analysis was performed on confirmed patients with HGA or SFTS in 21 Korean hospitals from 2013 to 2020. A scoring system was developed by multivariate regression analysis and accuracy assessment of clinically easily discriminable parameters was performed. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that sex (especially male sex) (odds ratio [OR] 11.45, P = 0.012), neutropenia (< 1500) (OR 41.64, P < 0.001), prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (OR 80.133, P < 0.001), and normal C-reactive protein concentration (≤ 1.0 mg/dL; OR 166.855, P = 0.001) were significantly associated with SFTS but not with HGA. Each factor, such as meaningful variables, was given 1 point, and a receiver-operating characteristic curve with a cutoff value (> 1) in a 5-point scoring system (0–4 points) was analyzed to evaluate the accuracy of differentiation between HGA and SFTS. The system showed 94.5% sensitivity, 92.6% specificity, and an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.971 (0.949–0.9). Where HGA and SFTS are endemic, the scoring system based on these four parameters such as sex, neutrophil count, activated partial thromboplastin time, and C-reactive protein concentration will facilitate the differential diagnosis of HGA and SFTS in the emergency room in patients with suspected tick-borne infectious diseases.
Analysis of cardiac single-cell RNA-sequencing data can be improved by the use of artificial-intelligence-based tools
Authors: Nguyen Thanh , Wei Yuhua , Nakada Yuji , Chen Jake Y. , Zhou Yang , Walcott Gregory , Zhang Jianyi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) enables researchers to identify and characterize populations and subpopulations of different cell types in hearts recovering from myocardial infarction (MI) by characterizing the transcriptomes in thousands of individual cells. However, the effectiveness of the currently available tools for processing and interpreting these immense datasets is limited. We incorporated three Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques into a toolkit for evaluating scRNAseq data: AI Autoencoding separates data from different cell types and subpopulations of cell types (cluster analysis); AI Sparse Modeling identifies genes and signaling mechanisms that are differentially activated between subpopulations (pathway/gene set enrichment analysis), and AI Semisupervised Learning tracks the transformation of cells from one subpopulation into another (trajectory analysis). Autoencoding was often used in data denoising; yet, in our pipeline, Autoencoding was exclusively used for cell embedding and clustering. The performance of our AI scRNAseq toolkit and other highly cited non-AI tools was evaluated with three scRNAseq datasets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Autoencoder was the only tool to identify differences between the cardiomyocyte subpopulations found in mice that underwent MI or sham-MI surgery on postnatal day (P) 1. Statistically significant differences between cardiomyocytes from P1-MI mice and mice that underwent MI on P8 were identified for six cell-cycle phases and five signaling pathways when the data were analyzed via Sparse Modeling, compared to just one cell-cycle phase and one pathway when the data were analyzed with non-AI techniques. Only Semisupervised Learning detected trajectories between the predominant cardiomyocyte clusters in hearts collected on P28 from pigs that underwent apical resection (AR) on P1, and on P30 from pigs that underwent AR on P1 and MI on P28. In another dataset, the pig scRNAseq data were collected after the injection of CCND2-overexpression Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived cardiomyocytes (CCND2hiPSC) into injured P28 pig heart; only the AI-based technique could demonstrate that the host cardiomyocytes increase proliferating by through the HIPPO/YAP and MAPK signaling pathways. For the cluster, pathway/gene set enrichment, and trajectory analysis of scRNAseq datasets generated from studies of myocardial regeneration in mice and pigs, our AI-based toolkit identified results that non-AI techniques did not discover. These different results were validated and were important in explaining myocardial regeneration.
Exploring the vaccine-induced immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in healthcare workers
Authors: Lim Yong Kwan , Kweon Oh Joo , Choi Yoojeong , Yoon Sumi , Kim Tae-Hyoung , Lee Mi-Kyung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe aimed to analyze the kinetics of T-cell-mediated and B-cell-mediated humoral immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) before and after booster vaccination, as well as the impacts of the in vitro test results the type of vaccination on the prediction of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A total of 240 healthcare workers vaccinated twice were serially tested using an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and a neutralizing antibody (nAb). At the end of the study, we investigated the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection of all the enrolled participants to analyze the effects of the test results and the type of vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, the positive rates were 52.3% and 80.0% for IGRA and 84.6% and 100% for the nAb test before and after booster vaccination, respectively. However, the positive rates were 52.8% for IGRA and 100% for nAb 3 months after booster vaccination. The in vitro test results and the type of vaccination were not associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The antibody response caused by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination lasted more than 6 months, although the response of the T-cells disappeared rapidly after 3 months. However, these in vitro results and the type of vaccination cannot be used for predicting the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Neonatal and developmental outcomes of very preterm twins according to the chorionicity and weight discordance
Authors: Lim Soo Yeon , Shin Seung Han , Yang Hyo Ju , Park Seul Gi , Kim Ee-Kyung , Kim Han-Suk , Jun Jong Kwan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPerinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies are determined by several factors, such as gestational age (GA), chorionicity, and discordance at birth. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the association of chorionicity and discordance with neonatal and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm twin infants from uncomplicated pregnancy. Data of very preterm twin infants who were both live-born between 2014 and 2019 on the chorionicity of the twin, diagnosis of the twin-to-twin syndrome (TTTS), weight discordance at birth, and neonatal and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months of corrected age (CA) were collected. Of the 204 twin infants analyzed, 136 were dichorionic (DC) and 68 were monochorionic (MC), including 15 pairs with TTTS. After adjusting for GA, brain injury, including severe intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia, was mostly found in the MC with TTTS group, with a higher incidence of cerebral palsy and motor delay at CA 24 months. After excluding TTTS, multivariable analysis showed no association between chorionicity and neonatal and developmental outcomes, whereas small infants among co-twins (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.33, 95% confidence interval 1.03–10.74) and greater discordance (%) of weight at birth (aOR 1.04, 1.00–1.07) were associated with neurodevelopmental impairment. Monochorionicity might not determine adverse outcomes among very preterm twins from uncomplicated pregnancy.
Optimism persists when walking in unpredictable environments
Authors: Bucklin Mary A. , Deol Jasjit , Brown Geoffrey , Perreault Eric J. , Gordon Keith E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHumans continuously modulate their control strategies during walking based on their ability to anticipate disturbances. However, how people adapt and use motor plans to create stable walking in unpredictable environments is not well understood. Our purpose was to investigate how people adapt motor plans when walking in a novel and unpredictable environment. We evaluated the whole-body center of mass (COM) trajectory of participants as they performed repetitions of a discrete goal-directed walking task during which a laterally-directed force field was applied to the COM. The force field was proportional in magnitude to forward walking velocity and randomly directed towards either the right or left each trial. We hypothesized that people would adapt a control strategy to reduce the COM lateral deviations created by the unpredictable force field. In support of our hypothesis, we found that with practice the magnitude of COM lateral deviation was reduced by 28% (force field left) and 44% (force field right). Participants adapted two distinct unilateral strategies, implemented regardless of if the force field was applied to the right or to the left, that collectively created a bilateral resistance to the unpredictable force field. These strategies included an anticipatory postural adjustment to resist against forces applied to the left, and a more lateral first step to resist against forces applied to the right. In addition, during catch trials when the force field was unexpectedly removed, participants exhibited trajectories similar to baseline trials. These findings were consistent with an impedance control strategy that provides a robust resistance to unpredictable perturbations. However, we also found evidence that participants made predictive adaptations in response to their immediate experience that persisted for three trials. Due to the unpredictable nature of the force field, this predictive strategy would sometimes result in greater lateral deviations when the prediction was incorrect. The presence of these competing control strategies may have long term benefits by allowing the nervous system to identify the best overall control strategy to use in a novel environment.
Gait-phase specific transverse-plane momenta generation during pre-planned and late-cued 90 degree turns while walking
Authors: Tillman Mitchell , Molino Janine , Zaferiou Antonia M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTurning while walking is ubiquitous and requires linear and angular momenta generation to redirect the body’s trajectory and rotate towards the new direction of travel. This study examined strategies that healthy young adults used during each gait phase to generate transverse-plane momenta during pre-planned and late-cued 90° turns. During leftward turns, we expected that momenta would be generated most during the gait phases known to generate leftward linear and angular momenta during straight line gait. We found distinct roles of gait phases towards generating momenta during turns that partially supported our hypotheses. Supporting one hypothesis, the change in transverse-plane angular momentum and average moment were greater during double support with the left foot in front vs. other gait phases. Also, the change in leftward linear momentum and average leftward force were greater during right single support vs. other gait phases during straight-line gait and late-cued turns. However, during pre-planned turns, the average leftward force was not significantly greater during right single support vs. other gait phases. Overall, transverse-plane angular momentum generation during turns is similar to its generation during straight-line gait, suggesting that healthy young adults can leverage momenta control strategies used during straight-line gait during turns.
Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Herth Hope Index (HHI) in Chinese children with cancer
Authors: Liu Qi , Yuen John Wai-Man , Ho Ka-Yan , Lam Katherine-Ka-Wai , Lam Winsome , Cheng Huilin , Yang Dong Liang , Ching Shirley-Siu-Yin , Wong Frances-Kam-Yuet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHope plays an extremely important role in protecting childhood cancer patients from psychological distress caused by cancer. The availability of a valid and reliable instrument that can accurately assess hope is crucial for the development of interventions to enhance hope among childhood cancer patients. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Herth Hope Index (HHI). Chinese childhood cancer patients aged 8–17 years (n = 412) were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the Chinese translated version of the HHI, the Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale for Children and the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 Cancer Module. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to assess the structural validity of the HHI. Content validity, convergent validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability at 2 weeks were also examined. The content validity index for items ranged from 0.8 to 1.0, and that for the scale was 0.9, demonstrating appropriate content validity. There was a positive correlation between HHI and Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale for Children scores and a negative correlation between HHI and Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 Cancer Module scores. The results indicated that the Chinese version of the HHI showed reasonable convergent validity and discriminant validity. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor model, which could explain 82.74% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis results showed that χ2/df was 2.20, comparative fit index was 0.98, goodness of fit index was 0.94, and root-mean-square error of approximation was 0.07. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.78, indicating good internal consistency. The findings of the study showed that the Chinese version of the HHI (11-item) is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing hope among Chinese childhood cancer patients. Evidence-based interventions can be provided to enhance hope in this population.
Extensive experimental investigation on the effect of thermal treatment and lateral pressure on the shear behavior of intact mudstone
Authors: Alneasan Mahmoud , Alzo’ubi Abdel Kareem 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe coupling environment of temperature (T) and lateral pressure at great depths promotes intact rocks to shear failure, posing a serious threat to underground engineering. Temperature effect on shear behaviour is of particular importance due to the possible mineralogical alterations in mineral composition, especially in clay-rich rocks such as mudstone that has a great affinity for water. Accordingly, the effect of thermal treatment on the shear behaviour of intact mudstone was investigated, in this study, using the Short Core in Compression (SSC) method. Three temperatures of RT, 250 and 500 °C, and four lateral pressures of 0.0, 0.5, 2.0, and 4.0 MPa were adopted. Numerical and experimental observations showed that the resulting fractures in SCC samples are shear and by increasing the lateral pressure, shear failure is promoted. Compared with other rock types such as granite and sandstone, shear properties in mudstone have only one positive trend with temperature increase up to 500 °C, by increasing T from RT to 500 °C, mode II fracture toughness, peak friction angle, and the cohesion increased by about 15 to 47%, 4.9%, and 47.7%, respectively. The bilinear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion can be used to model the peak shear strength behaviour of intact mudstone before and after thermal treatment.
Anthropogenic influence on extreme temperature and precipitation in Central Asia
Authors: Fallah Bijan , Russo Emmanuele , Menz Christoph , Hoffmann Peter , Didovets Iulii , Hattermann Fred F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe investigate the contribution of anthropogenic forcing to the extreme temperature and precipitation events in Central Asia (CA) during the last 60 years. We bias-adjust and downscale two Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) ensemble outputs, with natural (labelled as hist-nat, driven only by solar and volcanic forcing) and natural plus anthropogenic forcing (labelled as hist, driven by all-forcings), to $$0.25^{\circ } \times 0.25 ^{\circ }$$

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spatial resolution. Each ensemble contains six models from ISIMIP, based on the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). The presented downscaling methodology is necessary to create a reliable climate state for regional climate impact studies. Our analysis shows a higher risk of extreme heat events (factor 4 in signal-to-noise ratio) over large parts of CA due to anthropogenic influence. Furthermore, a higher likelihood of extreme precipitation over CA, especially over Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, can be attributed to anthropogenic forcing (over 100$$\%$$
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in frequency). Given that these regions show a high risk of rainfall-triggered landslides and floods during historical times, we report that human-induced climate warming can contribute to extreme precipitation events over vulnerable areas of CA. Our high-resolution data set can be used in impact studies focusing on the attribution of extreme events in CA and is freely available to the scientific community.
Identification of oxidative stress-related genes differentially expressed in Alzheimer’s disease and construction of a hub gene-based diagnostic model
Authors: Zhang Yanting , Kiryu Hisanori 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent dementia disorder globally, and there are still no effective interventions for slowing or stopping the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. There is strong evidence implicating neural oxidative stress (OS) and ensuing neuroinflammation in the progressive neurodegeneration observed in the AD brain both during and prior to symptom emergence. Thus, OS-related biomarkers may be valuable for prognosis and provide clues to therapeutic targets during the early presymptomatic phase. In the current study, we gathered brain RNA-seq data of AD patients and matched controls from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify differentially expressed OS-related genes (OSRGs). These OSRGs were analyzed for cellular functions using the Gene Ontology (GO) database and used to construct a weighted gene co-expression network (WGCN) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then constructed to identify network hub genes. A diagnostic model was established based on these hub genes using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and ROC analyses. Immune-related functions were examined by assessing correlations between hub gene expression and immune cell brain infiltration scores. Further, target drugs were predicted using the Drug-Gene Interaction database, while regulatory miRNAs and transcription factors were predicted using miRNet. In total, 156 candidate genes were identified among 11046 differentially expressed genes, 7098 genes in WGCN modules, and 446 OSRGs, and 5 hub genes (MAPK9, FOXO1, BCL2, ETS1, and SP1) were identified by ROC curve analyses. These hub genes were enriched in GO annotations “Alzheimer’s disease pathway,” “Parkinson’s Disease,” “Ribosome,” and “Chronic myeloid leukemia.” In addition, 78 drugs were predicted to target FOXO1, SP1, MAPK9, and BCL2, including fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and epirubicin. A hub gene-miRNA regulatory network with 43 miRNAs and hub gene-transcription factor (TF) network with 36 TFs were also generated. These hub genes may serve as biomarkers for AD diagnosis and provide clues to novel potential treatment targets.
Mycoplasma fermentans infection induces human necrotic neuronal cell death via IFITM3-mediated amyloid-β (1–42) deposition
Authors: Sim Kyu-Young , Byeon Yeongseon , Bae So-Eun , Yang Taewoo , Lee Cho-Rong , Park Sung-Gyoo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMycoplasma fermentans is a proposed risk factor of several neurological diseases that has been detected in necrotic brain lesions of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients, implying brain invasiveness. However, the pathogenic roles of M. fermentans in neuronal cells have not been investigated. In this study, we found that M. fermentans can infect and replicate in human neuronal cells, inducing necrotic cell death. Necrotic neuronal cell death was accompanied by intracellular amyloid-β (1–42) deposition, and targeted depletion of amyloid precursor protein by a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) abolished necrotic neuronal cell death. Differential gene expression analysis by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) showed that interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) was dramatically upregulated by M. fermentans infection, and knockdown of IFITM3 abolished both amyloid-β (1–42) deposition and necrotic cell death. A toll-like receptor 4 antagonist inhibited M. fermentans infection-mediated IFITM3 upregulation. M. fermentans infection also induced necrotic neuronal cell death in the brain organoid. Thus, neuronal cell infection by M. fermentans directly induces necrotic cell death through IFITM3-mediated amyloid-β deposition. Our results suggest that M. fermentans is involved in neurological disease development and progression through necrotic neuronal cell death.
Metabolomics analysis of dietary restriction results in a longer lifespan due to alters of amino acid levels in larval hemolymph of Bombyx mori
Authors: Wang Meixian , Shen Yichen , Tan Zhicheng , Yasen Ayinuer , Fan Bingyan , Shen Xingjia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDietary restriction (DR) has been a very important discovery in modern aging biology research. Its remarkable anti-aging effect has been proved in a variety of organisms, including members of Lepidoptera, but mechanisms by which DR increases longevity are not fully understood. By using the silkworm (Bombyx mori), a model of lepidopteran insect, we established a DR model, isolated hemolymph from fifth instar larvae and employed LC–MS/MS metabolomics to analyze the effect of DR on the endogenous metabolites of silkworm, and tried to clarify the mechanism of DR to prolong lifespan. We identified the potential biomarkers by analyzing the metabolites of the DR and control groups. Then, we constructed relevant metabolic pathways and networks with MetaboAnalyst. DR significantly prolonged the lifespan of silkworm. The differential metabolites between the DR and control groups were mainly organic acids (including amino acid), and amines. These metabolites are involved in metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism. Further analysis showed that, the levels of 17 amino acids were significantly changed in the DR group, indicating that the prolonged lifespan was mainly due to changes in amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, we identified 41 and 28 unique differential metabolites in males and females, respectively, demonstrating sex differences in biological responses to DR. The DR group showed higher antioxidant capacity and lower lipid peroxidation and inflammatory precursors, with differences between the sexes. These results provide evidence for various DR anti-aging mechanisms at the metabolic level and novel reference for the future development of DR-simulating drugs or foods.