bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of intrathoracic Gauzoma
Authors: Adachi Taishi , Kayawake Hidenao , Hamakawa Hiroshi , Takahashi Yutaka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Gauzoma is a foreign body reactive granuloma which is an extremely rare complication of thoracic surgery. We describe a case of a Gauzoma in which the gauzes were removed by mini-thoracotomy as a less invasive procedure, discovered incidentally after 35 years of follow-up.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old man was referred to our department for hyperhidrosis treatment, and imaging studies and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Gauzoma. As the Gauzoma gradually grew for a few years, surgical intervention was judged necessary, and the removal of the gauzes was performed in this case. A two-stage operation in two days was required to complete the surgery. The completion of gauze removal was confirmed in the second surgery using a postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan. The patient is currently doing well 17 months after surgery, and the size of granuloma unchanged.

Conclusion
We performed the removal of the gauzes as the treatment for Gauzoma. Although removing the gauze may have prevented its growth so far, careful follow-up is still needed.
Electrochemical study of anti-platelets tirofiban HCl in dosage form using nanomaterials modified sensors: developed and green assessed by eco-scale and complex-GAPI approach
Authors: Rizk Mohamed. , El-Alamin Maha Mahmoud Abou , Elkhalek Ola Abd , Hendawy Hassan A. M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTirofiban hydrochloride is used to inhibit platelet aggregation, which has a significant impact on the treatment of congestive heart failure the most common cause of death according to WHO. Therefore, its quantification in pharmaceutical dosage form is critical. In this work, an electrochemical method for the determination of tirofiban HCl in pharmaceutical dosage form was developed and validated. Carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was utilized to examine the electrochemical response of tirofiban hydrochloride. Scanning electron microscopy and Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis was used to investigate the morphology of this electrode. A linear response was obtained within the range of (27.00–745.00 ng/mL) (5.4 × 10–5 M–1.5 × 10−3 M) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995, and a detection limit of 15.50 ng/mL (3.1 × 10–5 M). The greenness profile of the method was assessed utilizing the eco-scale and the green analytical procedure Index.
Performance evaluation of biowashing pilot reactor for remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil of Kuwait
Authors: Lee Deok Jae , Lee Sung Jong , Kang Guyoung , Park Minkoo , Joo Young Hoon , Yeom Jae Ho , Chung Namhyun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil in Kuwait was evaluated using the biowashing pilot reactor system, whose components included 3 biowashing reactors; an oil separator, a hydrocyclone, and a dissolved air flotation. The biowashing pilot reactor system was fed with hemoglobin, a cheap and rich nutrient source containing carbon and nitrogen for bacterial growth. The initial total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentration was about 84,000 mg/kg soil. The initial TPH concentration decreased to 38,000 mg/kg soil on day 1. The degradation extents of TPH were 55%, 91%, and 96% on days 1, 3, and 5. The first-order rate constant for TPH degradation rate was 0.682±0.0004/day. The initial unresolved complex mixture (UCM) concentration was 78,000 mg/kg soil. The degradation extents of UCM were 53%, 91%, and 98% on days 1, 3, and 5. Then, the degradation extents of individual components of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), alkylated PAH, and n-alkanes were measured for 5 days. 16 S rRNA gene copy number was measured during 5 days for bacterial population estimation. Although there was a day delay in the accretion of the number of copies, the number increased from day 2 to day 5. The present study suggests that the biowashing pilot reactor system with a capacity of 200 L is efficient for TPH degradation.
Domain adaptation-based multistage ensemble learning paradigm for credit risk evaluation
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Yu Lean , Yin Hang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMachine learning methods are widely used to evaluate the risk of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in supply chain finance (SCF). However, there may be problems with data scarcity, feature redundancy, and poor predictive performance. Additionally, data collected over a long time span may cause differences in the data distribution, and classic supervised learning methods may exhibit poor predictive abilities under such conditions. To address these issues, a domain-adaptation-based multistage ensemble learning paradigm (DAMEL) is proposed in this study to evaluate the credit risk of SMEs in SCF. In this methodology, a bagging resampling algorithm is first used to generate a dataset to address data scarcity. Subsequently, a random subspace is applied to integrate various features and reduce feature redundancy. Additionally, a domain adaptation approach is utilized to reduce the data distribution discrepancy in the cross-domain. Finally, dynamic model selection is developed to improve the generalization ability of the model in the fourth stage. A real-world credit dataset from the Chinese securities market was used to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the multistage ensemble learning paradigm. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed domain-adaptation-based multistage ensemble learning paradigm is superior to principal component analysis, joint distribution adaptation, random forest, and other ensemble and transfer learning methods. Moreover, dynamic model selection can improve the model generalization performance and prediction precision of minority samples. This can be considered a promising solution for evaluating the credit risk of SMEs in SCF for financial institutions.
Real-world effectiveness of intravenous belimumab in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus: results of the observational OBSErve study in the Russian Federation
Authors: Lila Alexander Mikhailovich , Aseeva Elena Aleksandrovna , Zagrebneva Alyona Igorevna , Vinogradova Irina Borisovna , Samigullina Ruzana Ramilovna , Khamashta Munther , Elfishawy Tamer , Teichman Lindsey , dos Santos Debora , Queiroz Juliana , Kniazeva Larisa Alexandrovna , Noibi Saeed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The real-world effectiveness of intravenous (IV) belimumab in treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been demonstrated in various countries through the OBSErve (evaluation Of use of Belimumab in clinical practice SEttings) program. Here we describe the clinical effectiveness of IV belimumab for treating SLE in real-world clinical practice in the Russian Federation.

Methods
In the retrospective, observational OBSErve Russia study (GSK Study 215349), eligible physicians enrolled adults with SLE receiving IV belimumab as part of their standard care. De-identified data were collected from patient medical records from September 2021 to March 2022. The primary outcome was the physician-assessed overall clinical response at 6 months post-index versus index (belimumab initiation) among patients receiving belimumab for ≥6 months. Other endpoints included change in Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment – SLE Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) score and glucocorticoid use.

Results
Overall, 59 patients initiated IV belimumab, mainly due to the previous regimen not being effective and to decrease glucocorticoid use (76.3% each); 15.3% of patients started belimumab within the first year of SLE diagnosis. Only 13.6% of patients discontinued belimumab within the first 6 months, mainly due to loss to follow-up and loss of insurance/reimbursement. At 6 months post-index, among patients who completed ≥6 months of belimumab therapy (full analysis set, n = 53), 90.6% and 60.4% had an overall clinical improvement of ≥20% and ≥50%, respectively. Mean (standard deviation, SD) change in SELENA-SLEDAI score from index to 6 months post-index was −5.9 (4.3). Mean (SD) glucocorticoid dose decreased from 12.2 (7.3) mg/day at index to 8.6 (5.1) mg/day at 6 months post-index (n = 50).

Conclusions
Patients with SLE receiving IV belimumab for 6 months in real-world settings in the Russian Federation experienced overall clinical improvements and reductions in glucocorticoid use, which is an important long-term strategy of SLE treatment.
Being there: effectiveness of a 360-degree virtual tour for increasing understanding of forest treatments for fire hazard reduction in California, USA
Authors: Taylor Alan H. , Wallgrün Jan Oliver , Knapp Eric E. , Klippel Alexander , Sánchez José J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The increasing extent and severity of wildfires in the western USA poses a significant challenge to managers and to society. Forest thinning and prescribed fire treatments reduce fire hazard and improve resilience to climatic stressors. However, expanding the pace and scale of forest management is hampered, in part, by limited understanding and exposure of interested parties and the public to fuel reduction treatments. Virtual tour applications provide an opportunity to extend tours of treatment demonstration areas to anyone with a computer and internet connection. Yet there is little research on the effectiveness of virtual tours for enhancing understanding of forest treatments and if managers would deploy virtual tours to increase public awareness. Here we describe the development and evaluation of a virtual tour (https://chorophronesis.geog.psu.edu/virtualexperiences/StanislausWebsite/indexSummer2022.html) using surveys for three occupational groups: forest managers, university students, and non-student non-managers.

Results
The virtual tour improved self-reported understanding of how fires historically shaped forests, how fuels changed in the absence of fire, how thinning affects wildfire hazard, how prescribed fire affects wildfire hazard, and how thinning can be modified to enhance biodiversity. The virtual tour was also effective at conveying differences between treatment and non-treatment and among thinning and prescribed fire treatments, for all three occupational groups. There was strong agreement by all groups that if a field tour of forest treatments was not an option, the virtual tour would be a good substitute. The manager and non-manager occupation groups expressed significantly greater agreement with questions on the utility of virtual technology for aiding land management planning discussions and stimulating dialog among their own networks compared to students.

Conclusions
There was an overwhelmingly positive response to the virtual tour by all groups indicating significant potential to use virtual tours to improve understanding of fuel treatments. This could reduce social barriers impeding the scaling up of fuel reduction treatments that are needed to reduce fire hazard in California and elsewhere.
Advancing breast cancer diagnosis: token vision transformers for faster and accurate classification of histopathology images
Authors: Abimouloud Mouhamed Laid , Bensid Khaled , Elleuch Mohamed , Ammar Mohamed Ben , Kherallah Monji 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe vision transformer (ViT) architecture, with its attention mechanism based on multi-head attention layers, has been widely adopted in various computer-aided diagnosis tasks due to its effectiveness in processing medical image information. ViTs are notably recognized for their complex architecture, which requires high-performance GPUs or CPUs for efficient model training and deployment in real-world medical diagnostic devices. This renders them more intricate than convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This difficulty is also challenging in the context of histopathology image analysis, where the images are both limited and complex. In response to these challenges, this study proposes a TokenMixer hybrid-architecture that combines the strengths of CNNs and ViTs. This hybrid architecture aims to enhance feature extraction and classification accuracy with shorter training time and fewer parameters by minimizing the number of input patches employed during training, while incorporating tokenization of input patches using convolutional layers and encoder transformer layers to process patches across all network layers for fast and accurate breast cancer tumor subtype classification. The TokenMixer mechanism is inspired by the ConvMixer and TokenLearner models. First, the ConvMixer model dynamically generates spatial attention maps using convolutional layers, enabling the extraction of patches from input images to minimize the number of input patches used in training. Second, the TokenLearner model extracts relevant regions from the selected input patches, tokenizes them to improve feature extraction, and trains all tokenized patches in an encoder transformer network. We evaluated the TokenMixer model on the BreakHis public dataset, comparing it with ViT-based and other state-of-the-art methods. Our approach achieved impressive results for both binary and multi-classification of breast cancer subtypes across various magnification levels (40×, 100×, 200×, 400×). The model demonstrated accuracies of 97.02% for binary classification and 93.29% for multi-classification, with decision times of 391.71 and 1173.56 s, respectively. These results highlight the potential of our hybrid deep ViT-CNN architecture for advancing tumor classification in histopathological images. The source code is accessible: https://github.com/abimouloud/TokenMixer.
The importance of Ki-67 proliferation index in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Sağmen Seda Beyhan , Doğan Coşkun , Cömert Sevda , Kıral Nesrin , Parmaksız Elif Torun , Fidan Ali , Barisik Nagehan Ozdemir , Gul Sule Karabulut 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
As in numerous cancers, the connection between the Ki-67 proliferation index and response to treatment in cellular breakdown in the lungs is underlined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the connection between the Ki-67 proliferation index and radiotherapy’s therapeutic and survival effects in small cell lung cancer.

Methods
The limited-stage small cell lung cancer patients in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Patients receiving standard chemoradiotherapy were included in the study. Age, sex, cancer stage, comorbidities, response to treatment, and survival time were recorded. Bronchoscopic or transthoracic lung biopsy specimens which were taken at the time of diagnosis were stained with the Ki-67 immunohistochemical stain. Survival of patients and treatment response were compared statistically with the Ki-67 values.

Results
The Ki-67 proliferation index (62.29 ± 7.52) was lower in patients with partial response than in patients with complete response (77.08 ± 2.84) (p < 0.001). When the correlation between survival time and Ki-67 was examined, there was a positive correlation between the Ki-67 and survival time (p: 0.019; r: 0.426). The patients were divided into two groups: Ki-67 < 68.70 and Ki-67 ≥ 68.70. In patients with Ki-67 ≥ 68.70, the survival rate was better than that of patients with Ki-67 < 68.70 (p: 0.012). In Cox regression analysis, Ki-67 PI < 68.7 was found that increased mortality by 2742 times independently.

Conclusions
Patients with a high Ki-67 had a better survival effect than those with low Ki-67, and patients with complete responses had a higher Ki-67 value.
Population sequencing of cherry accessions unravels the evolution of Cerasus species and the selection of genetic characteristics in edible cherries
Authors: Lei Yahui , Jiu Songtao , Xu Yan , Chen Baozheng , Dong Xiao , Lv Zhengxin , Bernard Anthony , Liu Xunju , Wang Lei , Wang Li , Wang Jiyuan , Zhang Zhuo , Cai Yuliang , Zheng Wei , Zhang Xu , Li Fangdong , Li Hongwen , Liu Congli , Li Ming , Wang Jing , Zhu Jijun , Peng Lei , Barreneche Teresa , Yu Fei , Wang Shiping , Dong Yang , Elisabeth Dirlewanger , Duan Shengchang , Zhang Caixi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Cerasus is a subgenus of Prunus in the family Rosaceae that is popular owing to its ornamental, edible, and medicinal properties. Understanding the evolution of the Cerasus subgenus and identifying selective trait loci in edible cherries are crucial for the improvement of cherry cultivars to meet producer and consumer demands. In this study, we performed a de novo assembly of a chromosome-scale genome for the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivar ‘Burlat’, covering 297.55 Mb and consisting of eight chromosomes with 33,756 protein-coding genes. The resequencing and population structural analysis of 384 Cerasus representative accessions revealed that they could be divided into four groups (Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4). We inferred that Group 1 was the oldest population and Groups 2, 3, and 4 were clades derived from it. In addition, we found selective sweeps for fruit flavor and improved stress resistance in different varieties of edible cherries (P. avium, P. cerasus, and P. pseudocerasus). Transcriptome analysis revealed significant differential expression of genes associated with key pathways, such as sucrose starch and sucrose metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, and the pentose phosphate pathway, between the leaves and fruits of P. avium. This study enhances the understanding of the evolutionary processes of the Cerasus subgenus and provides resources for functional genomics research and the improvement of edible cherries.
Incomplete Toxicity Reporting and Use of Toxicity-Minimizing Language in Phase III Oncology Trials
Authors: Miller Avital M. , Passy Adina H. , Sherry Alexander D. , Kouzy Ramez , Abi Jaoude Joseph , Lin Timothy A. , Kupferman Gabrielle S. , Beck Esther J. , Msaouel Pavlos , Ludmir Ethan B. 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE
This study aimed to determine complete toxicity reporting (CTR), and the use of subjective toxicity-minimizing language (TML) among phase III oncology trials.

METHODS

Two-arm superiority-design phase III oncology trials published from 2002 to 2020 were reviewed for toxicity data. CTR was defined as reporting total adverse events (TAEs), total serious adverse events (SAEs), total deaths, and study therapy discontinuations because of toxicity. Guideline concordance was defined according to guidelines published in the
BMJ
(defined as reporting total SAEs, total deaths, and study therapy discontinuations because of toxicity). TML was defined as a set of terms that subjectively downplay the harm of therapies.

RESULTS
A total of 407 trials enrolling 322,645 patients were included. Most (51%, n = 207) reported SAEs, 88% (n = 358) reported total deaths, and 84% (n = 340) reported study therapy discontinuation because of toxicity. Although 55% of trials (n = 223) reported TAEs, only 32% (n = 131; 95% credible interval, 28 to 37) fit the criteria for CTR. CTR was more common in trials with industry sponsorship (37%) than with cooperative group sponsorship (4%). All 131 trials where CTR was observed were industry-sponsored, and only 3% (4/131) were cooperative group–sponsored trials. TML was used in 46% of trials (n = 186; 95% credible interval, 41 to 51), with no trial-related factors (including sponsorship source) associated with the odds of TML use.

CONCLUSION
Toxicity in phase III oncology clinical trials is often incompletely reported and is frequently minimized in its interpretation. Industry-sponsored trials more comprehensively report toxicity than do cooperative group–sponsored trials. CTR may improve patients' and oncologists' understanding of new treatments; thus, a more standardized approach to reporting toxicity data is needed.
Use of Olaparib in the Management of Metastatic Parathyroid Carcinoma With BRCA1 Mutation
Authors: Woodfield David , Le Trang , Prince Grace , Lee Hyun , Vachhani Hetal , Majety Priyanka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism with a highly variable clinical course. We report the case of a man with metastatic PC who presented with severe hypercalcemia, discovered incidentally after a fall. He underwent left upper parathyroidectomy with left thyroid lobectomy, and pathology confirmed PC. After a year of absence from follow-up, he developed recurrence with bilateral pulmonary metastases. Cinacalcet and denosumab were initiated due to persistent, severe hypercalcemia, followed by wedge resection and palliative radiotherapy of pulmonary metastases. Genetic analysis revealed no actionable pathogenic variants, but a BRCA1 mutation classified as a variant of unknown significance (VUS) was identified. He was started on olaparib, a poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, 3 years after initial diagnosis. Following this, his PTH level declined by approximately 40% within 7 months. Subsequently, his PTH levels began increasing despite continuation of olaparib and, after 20 months, rose to his original PTH level prior to the initiation of therapy. This is a unique case of a patient with metastatic PC who had a BRCA1 VUS mutation, with initial partial reduction in PTH and calcium levels after PARP inhibitor treatment.
Conservative Management of Symptomatic Rathke Cleft Cyst With Recurrent Inflammatory Remission
Authors: Hasebe Masashi , Tsukaguchi Ryo , Shibue Kimitaka , Hamasaki Akihiro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rathke cleft cyst (RCC) is a benign, nonneoplastic cystic lesion arising from embryonic remnants of the Rathke pouch and is increasingly detected with the widespread use of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Most RCCs remain asymptomatic; however, some present with symptoms such as headaches, visual disturbances, or pituitary dysfunction, often attributed to inflammatory processes within the cyst wall. We report the case of a 68-year-old woman with a year-long history of intermittent headaches, polydipsia, and polyuria. Initial MRI revealed a cystic lesion in the sellar region, and endocrinological assessment confirmed arginine vasopressin deficiency. A serial MRI follow-up revealed recurrent, short-term fluctuations in cyst size, suggesting intermittent inflammatory activity within the RCC. Despite the option for surgical intervention, conservative management alone resulted in the resolution of her headaches and substantial cyst shrinkage. This case underscores the potential for conservative management in symptomatic RCCs with inflammatory features, where hormone replacement and careful imaging follow-up may suffice. It also highlights the need for individualized care and long-term monitoring, especially in cases with dynamic inflammatory behavior.
Transnational Circulation of Ideas
Authors: Eroğlu Zeyneb Hale 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
During the Republican period, Chinese Muslim intellectuals engaged with both local Chinese and transnational Muslim thinkers as they selected, adapted, and appropriated from these different streams of thought. One reformist movement that appealed to a considerable number of Chinese Muslim intellectuals was the Ahmadiyya of India, which was considered “heterodox” by the majority of “orthodox” Muslims. This article explores how and why these prominent Chinese Muslims were attracted to the Ahmadiyya movement. It argues that Ahmadiyya, despite its marginal nature, offered an alternative interpretation of Islam to Chinese Muslims, who were looking for theological grounds that would enable them to argue for the compatibility of Islam and modernity and guarantee the integration of Muslims into modern China without jeopardizing their distinct Muslim identity.