bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posteromedial capsular anatomy of the tibia for consideration of the medial meniscal support structure using a multidimensional analysis
Authors: Tsutsumi Masahiro , Nimura Akimoto , Tharnmanularp Suthasinee , Kudo Shintarou , Akita Keiichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMedial meniscal extrusion (MME) is a structural abnormality that leads to early knee osteoarthritis; however, its formation remains debated. For anatomical consideration of the mechanism underlying MME formation, we examined the capsular attachment on the posteromedial tibia and its layered association with the semimembranosus. Fourteen knees of eight body donors were analyzed in this study; six knees were grouped for macroscopic analysis, whereas four knees each were grouped for histological and phosphotungstic acid-enhanced micro-computed tomography analyses. The capsular attachment varied in width according to location and was not distant from the articular cartilage and posterior root. A portion of the posteromedial joint capsule formed the semimembranosus tendinous sheath. The dense fibrous membrane superficial to the semimembranosus, which was continuous from its tendinous sheath, existed as one of the layers of the joint capsule. The aforementioned findings were confirmed in all specimens. Based on the capsular attachment and its layered association with the semimembranosus, the conventional posteromedial knee ligaments may be only a part of the joint capsule divided into two layers by the semimembranosus. If the coordinated action of the joint capsule and semimembranosus partially contributes to the medial meniscus stability, such a structural problem may affect MME formation.
Predictive model for persistent hypertension after surgical intervention of primary aldosteronism
Authors: Li Zhuoying , He Yunfeng , Zhang Yao , Chen Gang , Zheng Yongbo , Guo Yuan , Quan Zhen , Wu Xiaohou 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension and is potentially curable. However, a large number of patients still undergo persistent hypertension (PHT) after unilateral adrenal surgery. This research retrospectively studied the factors associated with this clinical difficulty and established a prediction model for the postoperative PHT; Methods: 353 patients from 2014 to 2021 with PA undergoing unilateral adrenal surgery were enrolled in this study. Clinical and biochemical characteristics were reviewed and the associating factors were examined using univariate and multivariate analysis. A nomogram-based prediction model was established correspondingly; results: 46.2% (163/190) of patients had post-surgical PHT. Multivariate analysis suggested that BMI ≥ 25, diabetes, duration of hypertension, male gender, and ARR were independent predictors of PHT after surgery. The prediction model based on the nomogram showed good discrimination ability (the C index of the training group and the validation group were 0.783 and 0.769, respectively), and the calibration curves and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test were good as well. Clinical usefulness was quantified using the decision curve analysis; This nomogram is an integration of the clinical and biochemical data of patients before surgery, and is a reliable tool with high accuracy for predicting the postoperative PHT in patients with PA.
Pelvic compensation accompanying spinal malalignment and back pain-related factors in a general population: the Wakayama spine study
Authors: Murata Shizumasa , Hashizume Hiroshi , Tsutsui Shunji , Oka Hiroyuki , Teraguchi Masatoshi , Ishomoto Yuyu , Nagata Keiji , Takami Masanari , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Minamide Akihito , Nakagawa Yukihiro , Tanaka Sakae , Yoshimura Noriko , Yoshida Munehito , Yamada Hiroshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSome older adults with spinal deformity maintain standing posture via pelvic compensation when their center of gravity moves forward. Therefore, evaluations of global alignment should include both pelvic tilt (PT) and seventh cervical vertebra-sagittal vertical axis (C7-SVA). Here, we evaluate standing postures of older adults using C7-SVA with PT and investigate factors related to postural abnormality. This cross-sectional study used an established population-based cohort in Japan wherein 1121 participants underwent sagittal whole-spine radiography in a standing position and bioelectrical impedance analysis for muscle mass measurements. Presence of low back pain (LBP), visual analog scale (VAS) of LBP, and LBP-related disability (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]) were evaluated. Based on the PT and C7-SVA, the participants were divided into four groups: normal, compensated, non-compensated, and decompensated. We defined the latter three categories as “malalignment” and examined group characteristics and factors. There were significant differences in ODI%, VAS and prevalence of LBP, and sarcopenia among the four groups, although these were non-significant between non-compensated and decompensated groups on stratified analysis. Moreover, the decompensated group was significantly associated with sarcopenia. Individuals with pelvic compensation are at increased risk for LBP and related disorders even with the C7-SVA maintained within normal range.
Autistic adults exhibit highly precise representations of others’ emotions but a reduced influence of emotion representations on emotion recognition accuracy
Authors: Keating Connor T. , Ichijo Eri , Cook Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo date, studies have not yet established the mechanisms underpinning differences in autistic and non-autistic emotion recognition. The current study first investigated whether autistic and non-autistic adults differed in terms of the precision and/or differentiation of their visual emotion representations and their general matching abilities, and second, explored whether differences therein were related to challenges in accurately recognizing emotional expressions. To fulfil these aims, 45 autistic and 45 non-autistic individuals completed three tasks employing dynamic point light displays of emotional facial expressions. We identified that autistic individuals had more precise visual emotion representations than their non-autistic counterparts, however, this did not confer any benefit for their emotion recognition. Whilst for non-autistic people, non-verbal reasoning and the interaction between precision of emotion representations and matching ability predicted emotion recognition, no variables contributed to autistic emotion recognition. These findings raise the possibility that autistic individuals are less guided by their emotion representations, thus lending support to Bayesian accounts of autism.
Ergonomic guidelines for the design interfaces of additive modules for manual wheelchairs: sagittal plane
Authors: Wieczorek Bartosz , Kukla Mateusz , Warguła Łukasz , Giedrowicz Marcin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen designing wheelchair propulsion systems operated with the upper limb, there is a noticeable lack of ergonomic analyses informing about the areas on the wheelchair frame where hand-operated controls can be installed. With that in mind, a research goal was set to measure the areas of human hand reach within the area defined by the structural elements of a manual wheelchair. An ergonomic analysis was performed on a group of ten patients representing 50% of anthropometric dimensions. Motion capture and image analysis software based on the openCV library were used for the measurement. The conducted research resulted in the development of a map of the hands range in the lateral plane of the wheelchair, parallel to the sagittal plane. In addition, the map was divided into three zones of hand reach, taking into account various levels of comfort of hand manipulation. The total hand reach area was 1269 mm long and 731 mm high, while the most comfortable manipulation area was 352 mm long and 649 mm high. The plotted hands reach areas act as a map informing the designer where on the sagittal plane additional accessories operated by the user can be installed.
Comparative studies of X chromosomes in Cervidae family
Authors: Proskuryakova Anastasia A. , Ivanova Ekaterina S. , Makunin Alexey I. , Larkin Denis M. , Ferguson-Smith Malcolm A. , Yang Fengtang , Uphyrkina Olga V. , Perelman Polina L. , Graphodatsky Alexander S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe family Cervidae is the second most diverse in the infraorder Pecora and is characterized by variability in the diploid chromosome numbers among species. X chromosomes in Cervidae evolved through complex chromosomal rearrangements of conserved segments within the chromosome, changes in centromere position, heterochromatic variation, and X-autosomal translocations. The family Cervidae consists of two subfamilies: Cervinae and Capreolinae. Here we build a detailed X chromosome map with 29 cattle bacterial artificial chromosomes of representatives of both subfamilies: reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira), Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis) (Capreolinae); black muntjac (Muntiacus crinifrons), tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus), sika deer (Cervus nippon) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) (Cervinae). To track chromosomal rearrangements during Cervidae evolution, we summarized new data, and compared them with available X chromosomal maps and chromosome level assemblies of other species. We demonstrate the types of rearrangements that may have underlined the variability of Cervidae X chromosomes. We detected two types of cervine X chromosome—acrocentric and submetacentric. The acrocentric type is found in three independent deer lineages (subfamily Cervinae and in two Capreolinae tribes—Odocoileini and Capreolini). We show that chromosomal rearrangements on the X-chromosome in Cervidae occur at a higher frequency than in the entire Ruminantia lineage: the rate of rearrangements is 2 per 10 million years.
Increased intracellular crowding during hyperosmotic stress
Authors: Kitamura Akira , Oasa Sho , Kawaguchi Haruka , Osaka Misato , Vukojević Vladana , Kinjo Masataka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHyperosmotic stress activates in live cells numerous processes and also promotes intracellular protein/RNA aggregation and phase separation. However, the time course and the extent of these changes remain largely uncharacterized. To investigate dynamic changes in intracellular macromolecular crowding (MMC) induced by hyperosmotic stress in live cells, we used fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) to quantify changes in the local environment by measuring the fluorescence lifetime and the diffusion of the monomeric enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), respectively. Real-time monitoring of eGFP fluorescence lifetime showed that a faster response to environmental changes due to MMC is observed than when measuring the acceptor/donor emission ratio using the MMC-sensitive Förster resonance energy transfer sensor (GimRET). This suggests that eGFP molecular electronic states and/or collision frequency are affected by changes in the immediate surroundings due to MMC without requiring conformational changes as is the case for the GimRET sensor. Furthermore, eGFP diffusion assessed by FCS indicated higher intracellular viscosity due to increased MMC during hyperosmotic stress. Our findings reveal that changes in eGFP fluorescence lifetime and diffusion are early indicators of elevated intracellular MMC. Our approach can therefore be used to reveal in live cells short-lived transient states through which MMC builds over time, which could not be observed when measuring changes in other physical properties that occur at slower time scales.
Circular polarized 3D-printed cylindrical DRA using parasitic dielectric helix
Authors: Diaz Sebastian , Diaz Marcos , Rajo-Iglesias Eva , Pizarro Francisco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article presents a 3D-printed cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna operating at 5.8 GHz that achieves circular polarization by integrating a fully dielectric parasitic helix with a higher permittivity than the cylindrical resonator. The antenna polarization can be right-handed or left-handed depending on the turning sense of the helix. An extensive parametric study was done for the helix design to evaluate the effects of the dimensions and dielectric constant of the helix over the matching and axial ratio of the antenna. The manufacturing is made using low-loss dielectric filaments and a low-cost 3D printer. Simulation and measurement results show that both antennas are well-matched and operate with the corresponding circular polarization, with an axial ratio bandwidth compatible with UAV applications.
The roles of expectation, comparator, administration route, and population in open-label placebo effects: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Buergler Sarah , Sezer Dilan , Gaab Jens , Locher Cosima 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThree meta-analyses have demonstrated the clinical potential of open-label placebos (OLPs). However, there is a need to synthesize the existing evidence through more complex analyses that would make it possible to answer questions beyond mere efficacy. Such analyses would serve to improve the understanding of why and under what circumstances OLPs work (e.g., depending on induced expectations or across different control groups). To answer these questions, we conducted the first network meta-analyses in the field of OLPs. Our analyses revealed that OLPs could be beneficial in comparison to no treatment in nonclinical (12 trials; 1015 participants) and clinical populations (25 trials; 2006 participants). Positive treatment expectations were found to be important for OLPs to work. Also, OLP effects can vary depending on the comparator used. While the kind of administration route had no substantial impact on the OLP effects, effects were found to be larger in clinical populations than in nonclinical populations. These results suggest that the expectation, comparator, administration route, and population should be considered when designing and interpreting OLP studies.
Construction of a new LED chamber to measure net ecosystem exchange in low vegetation and validation study in grain crops
Authors: Shin Taewhan , Xue Wei , Ko Jonghan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA vegetation canopy chamber system measures gas exchanges in the field between plants and the environment. Transparent closed chambers have generally been used to measure canopy fluxes in the field, depending on solar radiation as the light source for photosynthesis. However, measuring canopy fluxes in nature can be challenging due to fluctuations in solar radiation. Therefore, we constructed a novel transient-state closed-chamber system using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a light source to measure canopy-scale fluxes. The water-cooled chamber system used a 1600 Watt LED module to produce constant photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and a CO2 gas analyzer for concentration measurements. We used the LED chamber system to measure barley and wheat gas exchanges in the field to quantify CO2 fluxes along a PAR gradient. This novel technology enables the determination of photosynthesis rates for various crops under diverse environmental conditions, in diverse ecosystems, and across long-term interannual changes, including those due to climate change.
Optimizing acidizing design and effectiveness assessment with machine learning for predicting post-acidizing permeability
Authors: Dargi Matin , Khamehchi Ehsan , Mahdavi Kalatehno Javad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFormation damage poses a widespread challenge in the oil and gas industry, leading to diminished permeability, flow rates, and overall well productivity. Acidizing is a commonly employed technique aimed at mitigating damage and enhancing permeability. In this study, to predict the permeability after acidizing in oil and gas reservoirs, three machine learning models, namely artificial neural networks, random forest, and XGBoost, along with genetic programming were used to estimate permeability changes after acidizing. These models are utilized to estimate permeability changes following acidizing operations. Training of the models involved a dataset comprising 218 acidizing operations conducted in diverse reservoirs across Iran. The input parameters, namely permeability, porosity, skin factor, calcite mineral fraction, acid injection rate, and injected acid volume, were optimized through the use of a genetic algorithm. Statistical and graphical analysis of the results demonstrates that genetic programming outperformed the other machine learning techniques, yielding superior performance with R square and RMSE values of 0.82 and 17.65, respectively. Nevertheless, the other models also exhibited commendable performance, surpassing an R square value of 0.73. The post-acidizing permeability data obtained from core flooding experiments conducted on carbonate and sandstone cores was utilized to validate the models. The genetic programming model demonstrates an average error of 21.1%. The evaluation of post-acidizing permeability using genetic programming, in comparison with the results obtained from the core-flood test, revealed errors of 22.95% and 32.4% for carbonate and sandstone cores, respectively. Furthermore, a comparison between the calculated post-acidizing permeability derived from the GP model and previous studies indicated errors within the range of 8.6–26.59%. The findings highlight the potential of genetic programming and machine learning algorithms in accurately predicting post-acidizing permeability, thereby aiding in acidizing design, effectiveness assessment, and ultimately enhancing oil and gas production rates.
magnum.np: a PyTorch based GPU enhanced finite difference micromagnetic simulation framework for high level development and inverse design
Authors: Bruckner Florian , Koraltan Sabri , Abert Claas , Suess Dieter 
Published: July 2023

Abstractmagnum.np is a micromagnetic finite-difference library completely based on the tensor library PyTorch. The use of such a high level library leads to a highly maintainable and extensible code base which is the ideal candidate for the investigation of novel algorithms and modeling approaches. On the other hand magnum.np benefits from the device abstraction and optimizations of PyTorch enabling the efficient execution of micromagnetic simulations on a number of computational platforms including graphics processing units and potentially Tensor processing unit systems. We demonstrate a competitive performance to state-of-the-art micromagnetic codes such as mumax3 and show how our code enables the rapid implementation of new functionality. Furthermore, handling inverse problems becomes possible by using PyTorch’s autograd feature.
Pig manure treatment strategies for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance
Authors: Zalewska Magdalena , Błażejewska Aleksandra , Czapko Agnieszka , Popowska Magdalena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to the risk of pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their antibiotic-resistance genes transfer from livestock feces to the soil and cultivated crops, it is imperative to find effective on-farm manure treatments to minimize that hazardous potential. An introduced worldwide policy of sustainable development, focus on ecological agricultural production, and the circular economy aimed at reducing the use of artificial fertilizers; therefore, such treatment methods should also maximize the fertilization value of animal manure. The two strategies for processing pig manure are proposed in this study—storage and composting. The present study examines the changes in the physicochemical properties of treated manure, in the microbiome, and in the resistome, compared to raw manure. This is the first such comprehensive analysis performed on the same batch of manure. Our results suggest that while none of the processes eliminates the environmental risk, composting results in a faster and more pronounced reduction of mobile genetic elements harboring antibiotic resistance genes, including those responsible for multi-drug resistance. Overall, the composting process can be an efficient strategy for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment and reducing the risk of its transfer to crops and the food chain while providing essential fertilizer ingredients.
Association between fibrinogen level and length of stay in patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Xue , Yang Yu , Yu Ling , Pang Chang , Sun Wei , Zang Shuang , Li Cong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe level of fibrinogen in patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis (LEAD) has been widely identified as a risk factor contributing to adverse outcomes. However, some knowledge gaps remain regarding fibrinogen levels and downstream adverse outcomes, such as length of stay (LOS). We conducted this study to examine the association between fibrinogen level and LOS in LEAD patients. The retrospective cohort study included 1428 LEAD patients between January 2014 and November 2021 in China. Several generalized linear models with a negative binomial link function were used to evaluate the association between fibrinogen level and LOS. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predicting effect of fibrinogen level on a LOS greater than 10 days (median LOS). The median age of the patients was 70 years old, and 1153 (80.74%) were males. Fibrinogen level was positively associated with LOS (β = 1.14; 95% CI, 0.42–1.86; p = 0.002) in LEAD patients after controlling for age, gender, number of historical hospitalizations, surgical history, vascular disease history, drinking history, smoking history, insurance type, surgical approach, lesion site, weight loss, Fontaine classification, age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index, urea, total protein, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, calcium, triglyceride, albumin/globulin ratio, phosphorus, and D-dimer. The fibrinogen-added prediction model demonstrated good discrimination and calibration, with an AUC value of 0.807. Fibrinogen level was positively associated with LOS in LEAD patients. The fibrinogen level is a widely available and easy-to-measure biochemical indicator, and it could be used as a suitable indicator for the prognosis and prophylaxis of prolonged LOS in patients with LEAD during hospitalization.