bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis in osteoporosis mechanisms and therapeutics
Authors: Bao Chuncha , Wu Tao , Zhu Siyi , Wang Xiaoyi , Zhang Yujia , Wang Xiangxiu , Yang Lin , He Chengqi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide and is characterized by excessive loss of bone protein and mineral content. The incidence and mortality of osteoporosis increase with age, creating a significant medical and economic burden globally. The importance of cholesterol levels has been reported in the development of diseases including osteoporosis. It is important to note that key enzymes and molecules involved in cholesterol homeostasis are closely related to bone formation. Excessive cholesterol may cause osteoporosis, cholesterol and its metabolites affect bone homeostasis by regulating the proliferation and stimulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Therefore, antagonism of elevated cholesterol levels may be a potential strategy to prevent osteoporosis. There is sufficient evidence to support the use of bisphosphonates and statin drugs for osteoporosis in the clinic. Therefore, in view of the aggravation of the aging problem, we summarize the intracellular mechanism of cholesterol homeostasis and its relationship with osteoporosis (including cholesterol and cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) in osteoporosis). Furthermore, the current clinical cholesterol-lowering drugs for osteoporosis were also summarized, as are new and promising therapies (cell-based therapies (e.g., stem cells) and biomaterial-delivered target drug therapies for osteoporosis as well).
The persistence of magneto-rotational turbulence in gravitationally turbulent accretion disks
Authors: Löhnert L. , Peeters A. G. 
Published: August 2023

Aims. Our main goal is to probe the persistence of turbulence originating from the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) in gravito-turbulent disks. This state is referred to here as GI-MRI coexistence, with GI standing for gravitational instability. We test the influence of GI strength, controlled by the cooling law, and the impact of Ohmic resistivity.
Methods. Our starting point was three-dimensional, ideal, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of gravitational turbulence in the local shearing-box approximation using the code Athena. We introduced a zero-net-flux magnetic seed field in a GI-turbulent state and investigated the nonlinear evolution. The GI strength was varied by modifying the cooling parameters. We tested the cooling times τcΩ0 = 10, τcΩ0 = 20, and τcΩ0 = 10, with additional background heating. For some resistive cases, ideal-MHD simulations, which had already developed GI-MRI coexistence, were restarted with a finite Ohmic resistivity enabled at the moment of restart.
Results. It appears that there are two possible saturated dynamo states in the ideal-MHD regime: a state of GI-MRI coexistence (for low GI activity) and a strong-GI dynamo. The cases with lower GI activity eventually develop a clearly visible butterfly pattern. For the case with the highest GI activity (τcΩ0 = 10, no heating), a clearly visible butterfly pattern is absent, though more chaotic field reversals are observed above (and below) the mid-plane. We were also able to reproduce the results of previous simulations. With Ohmic resistivity, the simulation outcome can be substantially different. There exists a critical magnetic Reynolds number, ⟨Rm⟩  ∼  500, below which the ideal-MHD outcome is replaced by a new dynamo state. For larger Reynolds numbers, one recovers turbulent states that are more reminiscent of the ideal-MHD states, and especially the strong-GI case. This new state leads to oscillations, which are caused by a significant heat production due to the resistive dissipation of magnetic energy. The additional heat periodically quenches GI, and the quenching events correspond to maxima of the Toomre value, Q.
Coronal energy release by MHD avalanches
Authors: Cozzo G. , Reid J. , Pagano P. , Reale F. , Hood A. W. 
Published: August 2023

Context. A possible key element for large-scale energy release in the solar corona is a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) kink instability in a single twisted magnetic flux tube. An initial helical current sheet progressively fragments in a turbulent way into smaller-scale sheets. Dissipation of these sheets is similar to a nanoflare storm. Since the loop expands in the radial direction during the relaxation process, an unstable loop can disrupt nearby stable loops and trigger an MHD avalanche.
Aims. Exploratory investigations have been conducted in previous works with relatively simplified loop configurations. In this work, we address a more realistic environment that comprehensively accounts for most of the physical effects involved in a stratified atmosphere typical of an active region. The questions we investigate are whether the avalanche process will be triggered, with what timescales, and how will it develop as compared with the original, simpler approach.
Methods. We used three-dimensional MHD simulations to describe the interaction of magnetic flux tubes, which have a stratified atmosphere with chromospheric layers, a thin transition region to the corona, and a related transition from high-β to dlow-β regions. The model also includes the effects of thermal conduction and of optically thin radiation.
Results. Our simulations address the case where one flux tube amongst a few is twisted at the footpoints faster than its neighbours. We show that this flux tube becomes kink unstable first in conditions in agreement with those predicted by analytical models. It then rapidly affects nearby stable tubes, instigating significant magnetic reconnection and dissipation of energy as heat. In turn, the heating brings about chromospheric evaporation as the temperature rises up to about 107 K, close to microflare observations.
Conclusions. This work confirms, in more realistic conditions, that avalanches are a viable mechanism for the storing and release of magnetic energy in plasma confined in closed coronal loops as a result of photospheric motions.
Reengineering of construction organizations and reengineering of the construction industry
Authors: Sborshchikov S. B. , Lazareva N. V. , Markova I. M. 
Published: August 2023

The change of technological and managerial processes caused by scientific and technological progress and designated in the state strategy as the digital transformation should be reflected in the qualitative transformation of organizational structures and methods of implementation of investment and construction activities both at the corporate level and at the industry level. This qualitative transformation is commonly referred to as re-engineering. As a practice and as a methodology reengineering has in its genesis certain phenomena, and for justification uses theoretical tools advised by them. In this regard, the authors in the article argue that digital transformation should be a component of a deeper change in the sectors of the national economy -technological transformation.
In terms of practical value reengineering for the industry and its corporate level can be seen as an effective technology for managing the timing and cost of construction, taking into account the needs of the population in the formation of a comfortable and safe environment of life.
Nouveautés dans le diagnostic et le traitement des affections des sinus paranasaux chez le cheval
Authors: Pouyet Morgane 
Published: August 2023

Les sinus paranasaux du cheval sont composés de sept cavités différentes et peuvent être affectés par des maladies très diverses. Les techniques diagnostiques traditionnelles (endoscopie, radiographie, sinusoscopie) peuvent être invasives et ne permettent pas toujours d’obtenir un diagnostic précis. Des études récentes ont cherché à pallier ces défauts en développant des techniques permettant l’accès aux sinus par endoscopie depuis les cavités nasales ou encore de réaliser une sinusoscopie de manière minimalement invasive. Pour le moment, le scanner reste le meilleur outil pour diagnostiquer les maladies sinusales, en particulier pour les sinusites d’origine dentaire. L’IRM, plus couteux et plus difficile d’accès, est intéressant pour le diagnostic des tumeurs.
Le traitement chirurgical des sinusites peut être difficile et comporte de nombreuses complications. Afin de diminuer le taux de morbidité, des travaux récents ont permis de mettre au point différentes techniques visant à améliorer le drainage des sinus vers les cavités nasales, limiter les risques d’hémorragies et faciliter le traitement des affections bilatérales et des fistules cutanées.
The Natural History of Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Syndromes: From Phenotype to Genotype? Where Do We Stand and What Does the Future Hold?
Authors: Church James 
Published: August 2023

AbstractApplying the concept of a “natural history” to hereditary colorectal cancer is an interesting exercise because the way the syndromes are approached has changed so drastically. However, the exercise is instructive as it forces us to think in depth about where we are, where we have been, and, most helpfully, about where we may be going. In this article the diagnosis, along with endoscopic and surgical management of hereditary colorectal cancer are discussed in the context of their history and the changes in genomics and technology that have occurred over the last one hundred years.
European Paediatric Surgeons' Association Consensus Statement on the Management of Neonatal Ovarian Simple Cysts
Authors: Saxena Amulya K. , Mutanen Annika , Gorter Ramon , Conforti Andrea , Bagolan Pietro , De Coppi Paolo , Soyer Tutku ,   the European Paediatric Surgeons' Association
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Neonatal ovarian simple cyst management from the pediatric surgical aspect is unclear on cyst size, follow-up, and preferred surgical approach. Therefore, this topic was selected for the 2022 Consensus Session meeting of the European Paediatric Surgeons' Association (EUPSA).
Methods The literature was reviewed on a predefined set of questions relating to the management of the neonatal ovarian simple cysts by a panel of 7 EUPSA members, on current evidence-based opinion and practice outlined. Each question (1) outcomes of fetal interventions in neonates after birth and consensus on size/timing of intervention, (2) consensus on the type of interventions, and (3) complications in neonatal ovarian cysts and follow-up recommendations in nonoperated/operated cysts, was presented with available evidence to congress session participants. The management approach was agreed by participants and comments were accounted to formulate the consensus statement.
Results There is still limited data on potential benefits and complications of prenatal ultrasound-guided aspiration; however, neonates after such procedures should be followed for 6 months. Neonates with simple ovarian cysts larger than 4 cm should be offered surgical interventions within the 2 weeks of life with complete laparoscopic cyst aspiration and fenestration with bipolar instruments being the preferred approach. Ultrasound follow-up after surgical intervention after 3 months and with the conservative approach after every 3 to 4 months until 1 year.
Conclusion A peer-reviewed consensus statement for the management of neonatal ovarian simple cyst was formulated based on current evidence and peer practice. The EUPSA recognizes that the statement can be useful for pediatric surgeons in decision making for this pathology.
Comparative analysis of the behavioral intention of potential wellness tourists in China and South Korea
Authors: Zhou Yang , Liu Ligang , Han Sanghyun , Sun Xiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to develop and test a comprehensive model that can predict the tourism intention of potential wellness tourists. The study also investigates the mediating effect of attitude and discusses differences in the behavioral intentions of potential wellness tourists between China and South Korea. The data were collected via questionnaire surveys, and structural equation modeling was used as an analysis tool. The results reveal that perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits can significantly, positively influence the behavioral intention of potential wellness tourists in South Korea, while perceived barriers have a negative impact on that of potential wellness tourists in China; in both samples, perceived susceptibility and benefits can have a positive impact on attitude. Moreover, in South Korea, attitude had a significant mediating effect among perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and behavioral intention. This study enriches and expands the literature on the behavioral intention of potential wellness tourists, use of the health belief model (HBM), and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and provides a theoretical basis as well as a scientific decision-making reference for wellness tourism management and relevant stakeholders.
Spatiotemporal measurements of striations in a glow discharge’s positive column using laser-collisional induced fluorescence
Authors: White Z. K. , Gott R. P. , Bentz B. Z. , Xu K. G. 
Published: August 2023

We have observed the behavior of striations caused by ionization waves propagating in low-pressure helium DC discharges using the non-invasive laser-collision induced fluorescence (LCIF) diagnostic. To achieve this, we developed an analytic fit of collisional radiative model (CRM) predictions to interpret the LCIF data and recover quantitative two-dimensional spatial maps of the electron density, ne, and the ratios of LCIF emission states that can be correlated with Te with the use of accurate distribution functions at localized positions within striated helium discharges at 500 mTorr, 750 mTorr, and 1 Torr. To our knowledge, these are the first spatiotemporal, laser-based, experimental measurements of ne in DC striations. The ne and 447:588 ratio distributions align closely with striation theory. Constriction of the positive column appears to occur with decreased gas pressure, as shown by the radial ne distribution. We identify a transition from a slow ionization wave to a fast ionization wave between 750 mTorr and 1 Torr. These experiments validate our analytic fit of ne, allowing the implementation of an LCIF diagnostic in helium without the need to develop a CRM.
Photodissociation dynamics of methylamine in the blue edge of the A-band. II. The NH2 + CH3 channel
Authors: Cachón Javier , Recio Pedro , Zanchet Alexandre , Marggi Poullain Sonia , Bañares Luis 
Published: August 2023

The photodissociation dynamics leading to the C–N bond cleavage in methylamine (CH3NH2) are investigated upon photoexcitation in the blue edge of the first absorption A-band, in the 198–204 nm range. Velocity map images of the generated methyl (CH3) fragment detected in specific vibrational modes, i.e., ν = 0, ν1 = 1, and ν2 = 1, through resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization, are presented along with the corresponding translational energy distributions and the angular analysis. The experimental results are complemented by high-level ab initio calculations of potential energy curves as a function of the C–N bond distance. While a similar single Boltzmann-type contribution is observed in all the translational energy distributions measured, the speed-dependent anisotropy parameter obtained through the angular analysis reveals the presence of two different mechanisms. Prompt dissociation through the conical intersection between the Ã1A′ first excited state and the ground state located in the exit channel is, indeed, revealed as a minor channel. In contrast, slow dissociation on the ground state, presumably from frustrated N–H bond cleavage trajectories, constitutes the major reaction pathway leading to the methyl formation.
On the equivalence of the X-ray scattering retrieval with beam tracking and analyser-based imaging using a synchrotron source
Authors: Peiffer C , Brombal L , Maughan Jones C J , Arfelli F , Astolfo A , Dreossi D , Endrizzi M , Hagen C K , Mazzolani A , Menk R , Rigon L , Olivo A , Munro P R T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) methods give access to contrast mechanisms that are based on the refractive properties of matter on top of the absorption coefficient in conventional x-ray imaging. Ultra small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) is a phase contrast mechanism that arises due to multiple refraction events caused by physical features of a scale below the physical resolution of the used imaging system. USAXS contrast can therefore give insight into subresolution structural information, which is an ongoing research topic in the vast field of different XPCI techniques. In this study, we quantitatively compare the USAXS signal retrieved by the beam tracking XPCI technique with the gold standard of the analyzer based imaging XPCI technique using a synchrotron x-ray source. We find that, provided certain conditions are met, the two methods measure the same quantity.
Use of partial discharges measurements and video recordings to investigate the influence of relative humidity on zinc oxide subjected to high electric fields
Authors: Fagnard Jean-François , Boilet Laurent , Erauw Jean-Pierre , Henrotte François , Geuzaine Christophe , Vertruyen Bénédicte , Vanderbemden Philippe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the influence of humidity on the high voltage behaviour of zinc oxide porous pellets at room temperature, using the phase resolved partial discharge (PRPD) method. The experimental configuration corresponds to the one that would be used for flash sintering cylindrical ZnO pellets at low temperatures in possibly scalable conditions: planar Pt electrodes without Pt paste. The study explores the incubation period by increasing the 50 Hz AC electric field up to 8 kV cm−1 (applied by steps or with a continuous ramp) in an air atmosphere with varying relative humidity (RH). Experiments were repeated on several samples and showed that the maximum amplitude of PDs decreased while their number increased as the RH increased. With the support of video recording of the experiments, different characteristics in the PD pattern evolution with increasing AC voltage could be attributed to various locations between the electrodes, at the sample surface, or at the interface with the electrodes. By examining the PRPDs, it was possible to identify two distinct types of PDs having different thresholds of inception: one type corresponds to PDs occurring mostly at the triple junction ‘ZnO-platinum-air’ or in the ZnO-electrodes gap and depends strongly on the RH level and; the other type corresponds to electric arcs between the electrodes, with an inception threshold much less affected by the RH level.
The novel Co-doped MoO3 microwave absorber prepared by heat treatment
Authors: Zhang Xuejun , Qamar Tauqeer Haidar , Peng Sen , Li Chen , Liu Sheng , He Jun , Huang Shengxiang , Gao Xiaohui , Deng Lianwen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Co doped α-MoO3 microwave absorbers were prepared by heat treatment technology. The oxygen vacancy, conductivity, and electromagnetic (EM) parameters of the material could be manipulated by changing the heat treatment temperature. The microwave absorption mechanism was explored. X-ray diffraction, Raman, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and vector network analyzer were used to characterize the Co-doped α-MoO3 samples. The orthorhombic phases and scale-layer rod-like structure were observed to favor absorption via multiple transmission paths to EM waves. Notably, the material prepared by heat treatment at 500 °C exhibits a synergistic effect of magnetic and dielectric loss, due to its proper conductivity, rich interfaces and magnetism. The effective absorption bandwidth reaches 2.4 GHz.
Polarization and direction-of-arrival estimations based on orthogonally polarized digital programmable metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Jia Wei , Huang Zi Ai , Wan Xiang , Wang Wen Hao , Li Bai Yang , Li Jie , Xiao Qiang , Li Wei Han , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA technology is presented in this work to realize both direction-of-arrival and polarization estimations based on a digital programmable metasurfaces (DPMs). For direction-of-arrival estimation, the orthogonal components of incoming waves are estimated by the metasurfaces in orthogonal directions respectively. The intensities and phases of the estimated orthogonal components are then used to estimate polarization states of the incoming waves. Both simulations and measurements have verified the effectiveness of the presented technology. It is expected that this work will promote applications of DPMs in mobile communication and sensing.
Disorder enhanced dynamical heterogeneity in strain glass alloys
Authors: Tao Xuefei , Zong Hongxiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An open question related to strain-glass (STG) alloys is whether they process similar dynamical behaviors to other glass systems. In the present work, we investigate the reorientation process of martensite domains in both STG and martensitic alloys. Our results show the presence of highly doped point defects can greatly intensify the dynamical heterogeneity and spatiotemporal correlation in ferroelastic or shape memory alloy systems, which are also two main hallmarks of structural glasses. What’s more, we find that such dynamic heterogeneity exists in a different range spanning microscopic to mesoscopic scales, indicated by our molecular dynamic simulations and time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau modeling. Dopant atoms induced transient strain networks, i.e. spatial correlated local lattice distortion, is a response for such heterogeneous dynamics. The present study thus solidifies STG as a new state of matter and may provide guidelines for developing new STG alloys.
Coherent magnetic and electronic structure symmetry broken in frustrated bilayer Kagome ferromagnet Fe3Sn2
Authors: Li Hang , Ding Bei , Chen Jie , Xi Xuekui , Zhang Hongwei , Lau Yong-Chang , Wang Wenhong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this letter, by measuring resistivity and magnetization with magnetic field H rotated in ab plane and current I along c axis, we studied the magnetic and electronic structure symmetry of frustrated topological bilayer Kagome ferromagnet Fe3Sn2. We observed that the curves of the resistivity and magnetization both showed broken two-fold symmetry from 5 K to 380 K. The further analysis indicates that there is a close causality between the spin arrangement and the electronic states in Fe3Sn2 even above room temperature. These phenomena are closely related to the change in spin–orbit coupling (SOC) under the magnetic field. Our experimental results suggest that Fe3Sn2 is an ideal platform to study the influence of spin arrangement on electronic state in topological materials and can also be used to design next generation magnetic devices by modulating SOC at external magnetic field.
Chemical short-range order in liquid Ni–Cu
Authors: Holland-Moritz Dirk , Yang Fan , Hansen Thomas C , Kargl Florian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neutron diffraction in combination with isotopic substitution on the zero-scatterer 62Ni43
63Cu57 shows indications for chemical short-range order in the stable liquid as evidenced by oscillations in the concentration–concentration structure factor S
CC(q). This points towards a non-ideal solution behavior of Ni–Cu contrary to common believe but in agreement with measurements of free enthalpy of mixing. The temperature dependence of S
CC at small momentum transfer provides evidence of critical compositional fluctuations in Ni43Cu57 melts.