bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Faulty Line Selection Method for Flexible Grounding System Based on Transient Fault Data
Authors: Chen Ming , Xu Mingming , Wu Wenhao , He Yu , Wang Peng , Feng Guang , Dong Xuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In view of the problem of high-impedance grounding faults (HIFs) in flexible grounding systems (FGS), a faulty line selection method based on transient waveform slope is proposed in this paper. The change of zero sequence (ZS) current of faulty line and non-faulty line (before and after the neutral point parallel small resistance are put in) are analyzed. After the parallel small resistance is put into operation, the waveform slope curve of the transient zero sequence current of each line is obtained, and the modified Hausdorff distance (MHD) algorithm is used to obtain the transient slope matrix. The faulty line is identified by comparing the sizes of each row of elements in the matrix. Simulation verifies the effectiveness of the proposed faulty line selection method.
Stability Analysis and Controller Synthesis
Authors: Lin Jinghuan , Liu Shangming , Meng Kelin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As the application market of voltage source inverters is consistently expanding, new control technologies are also being explored. This article presents a novel PIR controller using the conventional controller as a point of comparison and validated by tests conducted in MATLAB, the results of which led to the conclusion that the PIR controller has superior performance when compared with the traditional PI controller, R controller, and PR controller. These controllers are tested on a voltage source inverter system. In contrast to the conventional controller, the PIR controller demonstrates extra control flexibility through the Bode diagram and offers enhanced steady-state tracking capability. The analysis and comparison show that the PI controller does not have good dynamic tracking performance and cannot suppress the unbalance of secondary AC pulsation. The new control approach suggested in this paper may be implemented in the system to improve the system’s stability and dependability, increase the smoothness of the overall output, and assure the quality of the output.
Research on Traveling Wave Detection Performance Based on Optical Voltage Transformer
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zeng Jiachen , Jiang Zhuang , Yu Kun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Traditional transformers cannot effectively transmit high-frequency traveling wave signals, which leads to the fact that traditional voltage transformers cannot fully reflect the panoramic information of fault traveling waves and ensure fault location accuracy. This paper mainly analyzes the working principle of optical voltage transformers. The Jones matrix models the optical path system and its optical components, and the output model of the optical path system is obtained. The principle of photoelectric signal conversion is analyzed. The test principle, experimental method, and data results are studied and analyzed by power frequency, withstand voltage, lightning impulse, and arc tests. The transmission effect of fault traveling wave signal is verified, which provides the theoretical and experimental basis for the fault location of the distribution network.
Energy Coupling Control of Bridge Crane Based on Adaptive Fuzzy Strategy
Authors: Lu Haizhou , Ma Xianghua , Ye Yinzhong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the traditional PID algorithm omits the nonlinear characteristics of the bridge crane system and the control effect is limited, this paper puts forward an energy coupling control strategy based on an adaptive fuzzy strategy. The coupling generalized semaphore for the Lyapunov controller is obtained by solving the dynamic equation of the bridge crane with energy, and the controller parameters are adjusted by using an adaptive fuzzy strategy. The simulation results show that the designed controller has a better anti-sway effect than the traditional PID controller.
Path Planning of Indoor Air Sampling Pipe in Substations Based on Fast Extended Random Number Algorithm
Authors: Han Jingang , Guan Yunlin , Li Yongqin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The substation is a fire accident-prone place, the substation fire automatic alarm system optimization design is an organic part of the fire safety work, and the substation air sampling pipe laying structure design method is an important link. In this paper, the substation model and sampling space are established, and the root node of the tree is searched by fast random in the RRT random algorithm to generate random sampling points and find out the path node nearest to the random sampling points. If so, the distance between the two points is less than the length, and the target point is considered to have been reached. This method can search the three-dimensional space quickly and solve the problem of the path planning of the air sampling pipe in the complex environment of the substation.
Optimization design of Three-phase balanced power supply for vehicle mobile power
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Haiming , Bao Junyi , Pan Xiaobing , ZhibinWang  , Liu Peng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper analyzed the harm of three-phase unbalanced power supply of vehicle mobile power supply to generator set electrical equipment and communication system, and the cause of the harm is analyzed. The three-phase balance control box is designed by adopting the design concept of “three input one output” and “rectifier inverter”. Through the comparison of the experimental data, the feasibility of the three-phase balance control box for the three-phase balance adjustment of the external power supply of the vehicle mobile power supply is verified, so as to achieves the optimization of the three-phase balance power supply and improves the reliability and safety of the external power supply of the vehicle mobile power supply.
The magnetoresistance acquisition system of a perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction using LabVIEW software
Authors: Rahman N. , Sbiaa R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
For accelerated productivity, and continual innovation in the field of spintronics, the electrical characterization of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJs) is of paramount importance. This report deals with the testing of the MTJs. It focuses on the design of an experimental setup with data acquisition of the MTJs with perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions where a high magnetic field aligned perpendicular to the film plane is required. Furthermore, devices with very small electrodes of only a few micrometers in lateral size can be tested. A computer through a LabVIEW program controls the data acquisition system.
Life-cycle-thinking in the assessment of urban green infrastructure: systematic scoping review
Authors: Romanovska Linda , Osmond Paul , Oldfield Philip 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Urban green infrastructure (UGI) delivers multiple social, environmental and economic benefits. A life cycle thinking (LCT) approach is proposed as a viable methodological basis for the holistic valuation of UGI. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide a thorough overview of the emerging literature on LCT application for UGI evaluation. The scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. A search was conducted in three databases to identify studies which employ LCT for UGI assessments. Eligibility screening and data extraction were performed by three reviewers. The review identified 164 relevant studies, published from 1992 to 2019 across 83 journals. There is a clear prevalence of theoretical UGI cases (54%) over real-life UGI assessments (20%). We also observed a large (84%) and increasing share of comparative studies, mostly comparing UGI with ‘grey’ infrastructure. Although cost-benefit-assessment methods initially dominated, recent studies apply LCT methods more and 7% combine both. The focus has primarily been on UGI types of smaller scale, lower biological complexity, and those integrated with built infrastructure. Green roofs are the most assessed type (40% of all cases), with urban farms second (15%). The assessments of more complex UGI objects lag behind. Most of the reviewed studies include one to three life cycle stages out of seven based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) standards, therefore very few identified studies can be considered comprehensive LCAs. Most studies assess fewer than five UGI benefits (out of 65 identified) and half assess fewer than three UGI disbenefits (out of 36 identified). The two most assessed benefits are energy savings and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions. The most assessed disbenefits are the monetary cost of implementation and maintenance and GHG emissions. Social aspects are the least assessed.
Acoustic wave-driven oxide dependant dynamic behavior of liquid metal droplet for inkjet applications
Authors: Jeon Jinpyo , Lee Jeong Bong (JB) , Chung Sang Kug , Kim Daeyoung 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we report bouncing and separating dynamic behaviors of a liquid metal droplet with/without the oxide layer in response to the applied acoustic wave. The oxidized liquid metal droplet is readily bounced off from the surface when it is excited by acoustic wave, while the HCl treated liquid metal droplet is fragmented into several small droplets. The bouncing height of the oxidized liquid metal is proportional to the applied acoustic wave amplitude. The number of the fragmented liquid metal droplets for the HCl-treated liquid metal according to time and acoustic wave amplitude was investigated. We also demonstrated the acoustic wave-based inkjet application to generate liquid metal droplets based on the pinch-off and the Rayleigh instability by changing amplitude of the acoustic wave. The probability for the generation of various droplet sizes with different acoustic wave amplitude was also studied.
Evaluating the use of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilization as crop management options for maize adaptation to climate change in the Nigeria savannas
Authors: Tofa Abdullahi I , Kamara A Y , Babaji B A , Adnan A A , Ademulegun T D , Bebeley J F 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Poor soil fertility and climate variability are major constraints to maize production in the Nigeria savannas. The application of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) as adaptation strategy may enhance maize yield under climate change. In this study, the already calibrated and validated CERES-maize model in DSSAT was used to simulate the response of maize varieties to N and P in three agroecological zones. Similarly, the model, coupled with data for representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) scenarios, was applied to simulate maize yields for mid-century and end-of-century periods and to estimate the effect of use of N and P as a strategy for maize adaptation to climate change. Results of a 30-year sensitivity analysis showed that the optimum grain yields were obtained with application of 150 kg N + 30 kg P ha–1 to the two varieties in Kano and Zaria. In Abuja, the optimum grain yields were obtained with the application of 150 kg N ha–1 + 30 kg P ha–1 to SAMMAZ–15 and 120 kg N ha–1 + 30 kg P ha–1 to SAMMAZ–16. When P is not applied, the simulation results show that across all N rates, maize yield would decrease by 25%–52% and 32%–52% for the mid- and end-of-century, respectively, under RCP4.5 for both varieties. There would be a greater reduction under RCP8.5, with a decrease of 32%–59% and 52%–69% under mid- and end-of-century scenarios, respectively. When P is applied at 30 kg ha−1, the reduction in yield due to climate change is lower. Under RCP4.5, the yield would decrease by 9%–15% and 11%–21% for the mid- and end-of-century, respectively. There would be a reduction of 12%–21% and 32%–41% for mid-century and end-of-century, respectively, under RCP8.5 scenario. This suggests that the application of optimum P could reduce the impact of yield loss due to climate change.
Expansion potential of auxetic prosthetic skin grafts: a review
Authors: Gupta Vivek , Singh Gurpreet , Gupta Shubham , Chanda Arnab 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe expansion of conventional prosthetic skin grafts has been quantified to be very low and insufficient for treating large and severe burn injuries with small amounts of available donor skin. Auxetic metamaterials and structures are the new class of materials which shows expansion in both directions while stretching in one direction (i.e., negative Poisson’s effect). This property of auxetic materials offers unprecedented potential for expansions in prosthetic skin grafts, which is crucial for covering large burn injury sites. This review article focuses on summarizing the up-to-date literature on design and analysis of auxetic skin grafts, and their expansion potential. This knowledge is anticipated to advance burn mitigation research and allow for development of prosthetic skin grafts for severe burn skin replacements.
Neuromorphic functionality of ferroelectric domain walls
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Seidel Jan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mimicking and replicating the function of biological synapses with engineered materials is a challenge for the 21st century. The field of neuromorphic computing has recently seen significant developments, and new concepts are being explored. One of these approaches uses topological defects, such as domain walls in ferroic materials, especially ferroelectrics, that can naturally be addressed by electric fields to alter and tailor their intrinsic or extrinsic properties and functionality. Here, we review concepts of neuromorphic functionality found in ferroelectric domain walls and give a perspective on future developments and applications in low-energy, agile, brain-inspired electronics and computing.
Silica deposition in plants: scaffolding the mineralization
Authors: Zexer Nerya , Kumar Santosh , Elbaum Rivka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Silicon and aluminium oxides make the bulk of agricultural soils. Plants absorb dissolved silicon as silicic acid into their bodies through their roots. The silicic acid moves with transpiration to target tissues in the plant body, where it polymerizes into biogenic silica. Mostly, the mineral forms on a matrix of cell wall polymers to create a composite material. Historically, silica deposition (silicification) was supposed to occur once water evaporated from the plant surface, leaving behind an increased concentration of silicic acid within plant tissues. However, recent publications indicate that certain cell wall polymers and proteins initiate and control the extent of plant silicification.

Scope
Here we review recent publications on the polymers that scaffold the formation of biogenic plant silica, and propose a paradigm shift from spontaneous polymerization of silicic acid to dedicated active metabolic processes that control both the location and the extent of the mineralization.

Conclusion
Protein activity concentrates silicic acid beyond its saturation level. Polymeric structures at the cell wall stabilize the supersaturated silicic acid and allow its flow with the transpiration stream, or bind it and allow its initial condensation. Silica nucleation and further polymerization are enabled on a polymeric scaffold, which is embedded within the mineral. Deposition is terminated once free silicic acid is consumed or the chemical moieties for its binding are saturated.
Short human eccDNAs are predictable from sequences
Authors: Chang Kai-Li , Chen Jia-Hong , Lin Tzu-Chieh , Leu Jun-Yi , Kao Cheng-Fu , Wong Jin Yung , Tsai Huai-Kuang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Ubiquitous presence of short extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) in eukaryotic cells has perplexed generations of biologists. Their widespread origins in the genome lacking apparent specificity led some studies to conclude their formation as random or near-random. Despite this, the search for specific formation of short eccDNA continues with a recent surge of interest in biomarker development.

Results
To shed new light on the conflicting views on short eccDNAs’ randomness, here we present DeepCircle, a bioinformatics framework incorporating convolution- and attention-based neural networks to assess their predictability. Short human eccDNAs from different datasets indeed have low similarity in genomic locations, but DeepCircle successfully learned shared DNA sequence features to make accurate cross-datasets predictions (accuracy: convolution-based models: 79.65 ± 4.7%, attention-based models: 83.31 ± 4.18%).

Conclusions
The excellent performance of our models shows that the intrinsic predictability of eccDNAs is encoded in the sequences across tissue origins. Our work demonstrates how the perceived lack of specificity in genomics data can be re-assessed by deep learning models to uncover unexpected similarity.
An intriguing case of scalp actinomycosis with brain and eye involvement: successful treatment with ceftriaxone
Authors: Kaur Maninder , Bains Anupama , Bhardwaj Abhishek  , Patra Suman , Kumar Deepak , Aggarwal Divya , Yadav Taruna  
Published: April 2023

We present the case of a heathy young male farmer presenting with multiple discharging sinuses over the scalp. Brain imaging suggested the involvement of the brain and ipsilateral eye. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of actinomycosis. The patient was successfully treated with ceftriaxone.
Spectrally non-overlapping background noise disturbs echolocation via acoustic masking in the CF-FM bat, Hipposideros pratti
Authors: Zou Jianwen , Jin Baoling , Ao Yuqin , Han Yuqing , Huang Baohua , Jia Yuyang , Yang Lijian , Jia Ya , Chen Qicai , Fu Ziying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The environment noise may disturb animal behavior and echolocation via three potential mechanisms: acoustic masking, reduced attention and noise avoidance. Compared with the mechanisms of reduced attention and noise avoidance, acoustic masking is thought to occur only when the signal and background noise overlap spectrally and temporally. In this study, we investigated the effects of spectrally non-overlapping noise on echolocation pulses and electrophysiological responses of a constant frequency–frequency modulation (CF-FM) bat, Hipposideros pratti. We found that H. pratti called at higher intensities while keeping the CFs of their echolocation pulses consistent. Electrophysiological tests indicated that the noise could decrease auditory sensitivity and sharp intensity tuning, suggesting that spectrally non-overlapping noise imparts an acoustic masking effect. Because anthropogenic noises are usually concentrated at low frequencies and are spectrally non-overlapping with the bat’s echolocation pulses, our results provide further evidence of negative consequences of anthropogenic noise. On this basis, we sound a warning against noise in the foraging habitats of echolocating bats.
ChatGPT takes on the European Exam in Core Cardiology: an artificial intelligence success story?
Authors: Skalidis Ioannis , Cagnina Aurelien , Luangphiphat Wongsakorn , Mahendiran Thabo , Muller Olivier , Abbe Emmanuel , Fournier Stephane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is currently a trending topic worldwide triggering extensive debate about its predictive power, its potential uses, and its wider implications. Recent publications have demonstrated that ChatGPT can correctly answer questions from undergraduate exams such as the United States Medical Licensing Examination. We challenged it to answer questions from a more demanding, post-graduate exam—the European Exam in Core Cardiology (EECC), the final exam for the completion of specialty training in Cardiology in many countries. Our results demonstrate that ChatGPT succeeds in the EECC.
Variation in density, immune gene suppression, and coinfection outcomes among strains of the aphid endosymbiont Regiella insecticola
Authors: Goldstein Elliott B , de Anda Acosta Yazmin , Henry Lee M , Parker Benjamin J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Many insects harbor heritable microbes that influence host phenotypes. Symbiont strains establish at different densities within hosts. This variation is important evolutionarily because within-host density has been linked to the costs and benefits of the symbiosis for both partners. Studying the factors shaping within-host density is important to our broader understanding of host–microbe coevolution. Here we focused on different strains of Regiella insecticola, a facultative symbiont of aphids. We first showed that strains of Regiella establish in pea aphids at drastically different densities. We then found that variation in density is correlated with the expression levels of two key insect immune system genes (phenoloxidase and hemocytin), with the suppression of immune gene expression correlating with higher Regiella density. We then performed an experiment where we established coinfections of a higher- and a lower-density Regiella strain, and we showed that the higher-density strain is better able to persist in coinfections than the lower-density strain. Together, our results point to a potential mechanism that contributes to strain-level variation in symbiont density in this system, and our data suggest that symbiont fitness may be increased by establishing at higher density within hosts. Our work highlights the importance of within-host dynamics shaping symbiont evolution.
The Brain and Spinal Microvasculature in Normal Aging
Authors: Khaing Zin Z , Chandrasekaran Abarajithan , Katta Anjali , Reed May J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Changes in the brain and spinal cord microvasculature during normal aging contribute to the “sensitive” nature of aged central nervous system tissue to ischemic insults. In this review, we will examine alterations in the central nervous system microvasculature during normal aging, which we define as aging without a dominant pathology such as neurodegenerative processes, vascular injury or disease, or trauma. We will also discuss newer technologies to improve the study of central nervous system microvascular structure and function. Microvasculature within the brain and spinal cord will be discussed separately as anatomy and physiology differ between these compartments. Lastly, we will identify critical areas for future studies as well as key unanswered questions.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to confer turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) resistance in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa)
Authors: Lee Ye-Rin , Siddique Muhammad Irfan , Kim Do-Sun , Lee Eun Su , Han Koeun , Kim Sang-Gyu , Lee Hye-Eun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Genome editing approaches, particularly the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, are becoming state-of-the-art for trait development in numerous breeding programs. Significant advances in improving plant traits are enabled by this influential tool, especially for disease resistance, compared to traditional breeding. One of the potyviruses, the turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), is the most widespread and damaging virus that infects Brassica spp. worldwide. We generated the targeted mutation at the eIF(iso)4E gene in the TuMV-susceptible cultivar “Seoul” using CRISPR/Cas9 to develop TuMV-resistant Chinese cabbage. We detected several heritable indel mutations in the edited T0 plants and developed T1 through generational progression. It was indicated in the sequence analysis of the eIF(iso)4E-edited T1 plants that the mutations were transferred to succeeding generations. These edited T1 plants conferred resistance to TuMV. It was shown with ELISA analysis the lack of accumulation of viral particles. Furthermore, we found a strong negative correlation (r = −0.938) between TuMV resistance and the genome editing frequency of eIF(iso)4E. Consequently, it was revealed in this study that CRISPR/Cas9 technique can expedite the breeding process to improve traits in Chinese cabbage plants.