bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three types of calls admission control methods considering seek‐bar operation
Authors: Miyata Sumiko , Ode Keisuke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany network devices, such as a smartphones and tablets, and streaming services, such as YouTube and Netflix, have become widespread. This causes network‐bandwidth congestion, so users require stable and consistent communication quality. Call admission control (CAC) has been proposed to solve these bandwidth resource problems. Some CACs have been proposed in order to maintain QoS. However, these CAC does not assume user behaviour. If CAC assumes some user behaviour, optimal control parameter derived conventional CAC may change because traffic load change by considering user behaviour. This article assumes that arriving types of flows are of three types: narrowband flows, broadband flow without seek‐bar operation, and broadband flows with seek‐bar operation. Under this assumpution, two CAC methods with single threshold or two thresholds are proposed. With these methods, it is assumed that all arriving flows result in the same user satisfaction when accommodated in a network. Under this assumption, the maximum of each user satisfaction is the same as the maximum number of accommodated flows. Using the call loss probability characteristics of Method 1, the objective function in Method 2 is modified. By using the modified objective function, CAC can be realised while properly accommodating broadband users who have been excessively rejected.
A biodegradable nano‐composite membrane for high‐safety and durable lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Wang Ting , Liu Na , Zhou Hui , Chen Ming‐Jun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs a key component of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), separator plays a crucial role in the performance and safety of LIBs. In this paper, a cellulose‐based porous membrane modified by nano CaCO3 is prepared conveniently by electrospinning. The membrane exhibits rich fibrous porous networks and uniform distribution of nanoparticles. Strengthened by CaCO3, the tensile strength of the cellulose porous membrane elevates from 4.7 ± 0.4 MPa to 7.7 ± 0.7 MPa. Besides, the modified membranes possess improved thermal stability and can maintain their original size after treatment at 150°C and 180°C. Also, the electrolyte uptake of cellulose/CaCO3 membrane is 73% higher than that of the pure cellulose membrane. Thus, the ionic conductivity of membrane achieves 1.08 mS cm−1 and the electrochemical window is about 4.8 V, which meets the practical requirements of LIBs. Significantly, with LiFePO4/Li battery this membrane can run for 230 cycles with a capacity retention of 97.4% and a discharge capacity of 149.0 mAh g−1, demonstrating the huge potential for high safety and next‐generation LIBs.
The Northern Cross Fast Radio Burst project
Authors: Pelliciari D. , Bernardi G. , Pilia M. , Naldi G. , Pupillo G. , Trudu M. , Addis A. , Bianchi G. , Bortolotti C. , Dallacasa D. , Lulli R. , Maccaferri A. , Magro A. , Mattana A. , Perini F. , Roma M. , Schiaffino M. , Setti G. , Tavani M. , Verrecchia F. , Casentini C. 
Published: May 2023

Context. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond radio transients observed at cosmological distances. The nature of their progenitors is still a matter of debate, although magnetars are invoked by most models. The proposed FRB–magnetar connection was strengthened by the discovery of an FRB-like event from the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154.
Aims. In this work we aim to investigate how prevalent magnetars such as SGR J1935+2154 are within FRB progenitors.
Methods. To this end, we carried out an FRB search in a sample of seven nearby (< 12 Mpc) galaxies with the Northern Cross Radio Telescope for a total of 692 h.
Results. We detected one 1.8 ms burst in the direction of M 101 with a fluence of 58 ± 5 Jy ms. Its dispersion measure of 303 pc cm−3 places it most likely beyond M 101. Considering that no significant detection comes indisputably from the selected galaxies, we place a 38 yr−1 upper limit on the total burst rate (i.e. including the whole sample) at the 95% confidence level. This upper limit constrains the event rate per magnetar to λmag < 0.42 magnetar−1 yr−1 or, if combined with literature observations of a similar sample of nearby galaxies, it yields a joint constraint of λmag < 0.25 magnetar−1 yr−1. We also provide the first constraints on the expected rate of FRBs hypothetically originating from ultra-luminous X-ray (ULX) sources, since some of the galaxies observed during our observational campaign host confirmed ULXs. We obtain < 13 yr−1 per ULX for the total sample of galaxies observed.
Conclusions. Our results indicate that bursts with energies E > 1034 erg from magnetars such as SGR J1935+2154 appear more rarely compared to previous observations and further disfavour them as unique progenitors for the cosmological FRB population. This provides support to the idea that there is a greater contribution from a population of more exotic magnetars not born via core-collapsed supernovae.
Maximum entropy distributions of dark matter in ΛCDM cosmology
Authors: Xu Zhijie (Jay) 
Published: May 2023

Context. Small-scale challenges to ΛCDM cosmology require a deeper understanding of dark matter physics.
Aims. This paper aims to develop the maximum entropy distributions for dark matter particle velocity (denoted by X), speed (denoted by Z), and energy (denoted by E) that are especially relevant on small scales where system approaches full virialization.
Methods. For systems involving long-range interactions, a spectrum of halos of different sizes is required to form to maximize system entropy. While the velocity in halos can be Gaussian, the velocity distribution throughout the entire system, involving all halos of different sizes, is non-Gaussian. With the virial theorem for mechanical equilibrium, we applied the maximum entropy principle to the statistical equilibrium of entire system, such that the maximum entropy distribution of velocity (the X distribution) could be analytically derived. The halo mass function was not required in this formulation, but it did indeed result from the maximum entropy.
Results. The predicted X distribution involves a shape parameter α and a velocity scale, v0. The shape parameter α reflects the nature of force (α → 0 for long-range force or α → ∞ for short-range force). Therefore, the distribution approaches Laplacian with α → 0 and Gaussian with α → ∞. For an intermediate value of α, the distribution naturally exhibits a Gaussian core for v ≪ v0 and exponential wings for v ≫ v0, as confirmed by N-body simulations. From this distribution, the mean particle energy of all dark matter particles with a given speed, v, follows a parabolic scaling for low speeds (∝v2 for v ≪ v0 in halo core region, i.e., “Newtonian”) and a linear scaling for high speeds (∝v for v ≫ v0 in halo outskirt, i.e., exhibiting “non-Newtonian” behavior due to long-range gravity). We compared our results against N-body simulations and found a good agreement.
Photodissociation and photoionization of molecules of astronomical interest
Authors: Hrodmarsson H. R. , van Dishoeck E. F. 
Published: May 2023

Context. Vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) photons are important drivers of chemical processes in space. Thus, it is important to accurately characterize and constrain photorates in different radiation fields, via the photodissociation and photoionization cross sections of individual atoms and molecules. These have been available in the Leiden VUV photodissocation and photoionization cross section database.
Aims. Experimental and theoretical advances in the past decade or so have allowed multiple new cross sections to be obtained, particularly photoionization cross sections of radicals. The database is hereby updated by including these more recent cross sections and is also expanded with several astronomically relevant species.
Methods. The cross sections have been used to calculate photodissociation and photoionization rates in several different radiation fields as well as from cosmic-ray-induced VUV fluxes. The reduction of rates in shielded regions was calculated as a function of dust, molecular and atomic hydrogen, atomic carbon, and self-shielding column densities. The relative importance of these shielding types is molecule and atom dependent, as well as the assumed dust absorbance. All the data are publicly available from the Leiden VUV cross section database.
Results. The Leiden VUV cross section database has been updated with 14 new astrophysically relevant molecular species and 16 updates to previous entries. The database update is accompanied by a brief review of the basic physical processes, particularly photoionization processes which have not been reviewed in the context of previous database updates.
Klinische Anwendungsbeispiele einer Next-Generation-Sequencing-basierten Multi-Genpanel-Analyse
Authors: Enko Dietmar , Schaflinger Erich , Müller Daniel J. 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Übersichtsartikel bietet einen Überblick über klinisch sinnvolle Anwendungsgebiete einer Next-Generation-Sequencing-basierten (NGS) Multi-Genpanel-Teststrategie in den Bereichen Onkologie, hereditärer Tumorsyndrome und Hämatologie. Bei soliden Tumoren (z.B. Lungenkarzinom, Kolonrektalkarzinom) trägt die Detektion somatischer Mutationen nicht nur zu einer besseren diagnostischen, sondern auch therapeutischen Stratifizierung der Betroffenen bei. Die zunehmende genetische Komplexität hereditärer Tumorsyndrome (z.B. Brust- und Ovarialkarzinom, Lynchsyndrom/Polypose) erfordert in betroffenen Familien eine Multi-Genpanel-Analyse von Keimbahnmutationen. Ein weiteres sinnvolles Indikationsgebiet einer Multi-Genpanel-Diagnostik und Prognoseabschätzung sind akute und chronische myeloische Erkrankungen. Die Kriterien der WHO-Klassifikation und des „European LeukemiaNet“-Prognosesystems der akuten myeloischen Leukämie können nur durch eine Multi-Genpanel-Teststrategie erfüllt werden.
Lebensqualität und Arbeitsfähigkeit nach unfallchirurgischer Rehabilitation – Ergebnisse der icfPROreha-Studie
Authors: Simmel Stefan , Kus Sandra , Oberhauser Cornelia , Coenen Michaela 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Nicht nur die Schwere der Verletzung, sondern auch bio-psycho-soziale Faktoren haben einen Einfluss auf gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität und soziale Teilhabe nach schweren muskuloskelettalen Verletzungen.Methode Multizentrische prospektive Längsschnittstudie mit Nacherhebungszeitraum bis zu 78 Wochen nach Entlassung aus der stationären unfallchirurgisch-orthopädischen Rehabilitation bei Patienten mit schweren muskuloskelettalen Verletzungen. Die Datenerfassung erfolgte mittels eines umfassenden Assessment-Tools. Lebensqualität wurde mit dem EQ-5D-5L erfasst, die Arbeitsfähigkeit mittels Selbstangaben der Patienten und einer Abfrage bei Kostenträgern. Analysen zum Zusammenhang zwischen Lebensqualität und Arbeitsfähigkeit, zur Veränderung der Lebensqualität im Verlauf im Vergleich zur deutschen Allgemeinbevölkerung und multivariate Analysen zur Prädiktion der Lebensqualität wurden durchgeführt.Ergebnis Von 612 Studienteilnehmern (444 Männer (72,5%); M=48,5 Jahre; SD 12,0) kehrten 78 Wochen nach Entlassung aus der stationären Rehabilitation 502 (82,0%) an den Arbeitsplatz zurück. Die Lebensqualität verbessert sich im Verlauf der Rehabilitationsmaßnahme im Mittel deutlich von 50,18 auf 64,50 (visuelle Analogskala des EQ-5D-5L) und im weiteren Verlauf geringfügig auf 69,38 zu 78 Wochen nach Entlassung aus der stationären Rehabilitation. Der EQ-5D Index liegt unter den Normwerten der Allgemeinbevölkerung. 18 Aspekte zur Prädiktion der Lebensqualität 78 Wochen nach Entlassung aus der Rehabilitation wurden selektiert. Unter anderem haben Ruheschmerz und der Verdacht auf eine Angststörung bei Aufnahme einen sehr starken Effekt auf die Lebensqualität. Auch Kontextfaktoren wie Therapien nach der Akutversorgung und Selbstwirksamkeit haben einen Effekt auf die Lebensqualität 78 Wochen nach Entlassung aus der stationären Rehabilitation.Schlussfolgerung Bio-psycho-soziale Faktoren haben einen großen Einfluss auf die langfristige Lebensqualität Unfallverletzter. Bereits bei der Entlassung aus der Akutklinik und mehr noch zu Beginn der stationären Rehabilitation können entscheidende Weichen gestellt werden, um eine bestmögliche Lebensqualität für die Betroffenen zu erreichen.
Concentric Cardiac Remodeling and Hypertrophy in Pregnant Individuals with Chronic Hypertension
Authors: Seagraves Elizabeth A. , Baraki Dana I. , Donaldson Thomas J. , Barake Carole , Brush John E. , Abuhamad Alfred Z. , Kawakita Tetsuya 
Published: May 2023

Objective This study aimed to evaluate rates of superimposed preeclampsia in pregnant individuals with echocardiography-diagnosed cardiac geometric changes in the setting of chronic hypertension.
Study Design This was a retrospective study of pregnant individuals with chronic hypertension who delivered singleton pregnancies at 20 weeks' gestation or greater at a tertiary care center. Analyses were limited to individuals who had an echocardiogram during any trimester. Cardiac changes were categorized as normal morphology, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy, and concentric hypertrophy according to the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines. Our primary outcome was early-onset superimposed preeclampsia defined as delivery at less than 34 weeks' gestation. Other secondary outcomes were also examined. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated, controlling for prespecified covariates.
Results Of the 168 individuals who delivered from 2010 to 2020, 57 (33.9%) had normal morphology, 54 (32.1%) had concentric remodeling, 9 (5.4%) had eccentric hypertrophy, and 48 (28.6%) had concentric hypertrophy. Non-Hispanic black individuals presented over 76% of the cohort. Rates of the primary outcome in individuals with normal morphology, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy, and concentric hypertrophy were 15.8, 37.0, 22.2, and 41.7%, respectively (p = 0.01). Compared with individuals with normal morphology, individuals with concentric remodeling were more likely to have the primary outcome (aOR: 3.28; 95% CI: 1.28–8.39), fetal growth restriction (crude OR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.05–8.43), and iatrogenic preterm delivery <34 weeks' gestation (aOR: 2.72; 95% CI: 1.15–6.40). Compared with individuals with normal morphology, individuals with concentric hypertrophy were more likely to have the primary outcome (aOR: 4.16; 95% CI: 1.57–10.97), superimposed preeclampsia with severe features at any gestational age (aOR: 4.75; 95% CI: 1.94–11.62), iatrogenic preterm delivery <34 weeks' gestation (aOR: 3.60; 95% CI: 1.47–8.81), and neonatal intensive care unit admission (aOR: 4.82; 95% CI: 1.90–12.21).
Conclusion Concentric remodeling and concentric hypertrophy were associated with increased odds of early-onset superimposed preeclampsia.
Key Points
Kinetic or Thermodynamic Product? Case Studies on the Formation of Regioisomers of Tetraphenyladamantanes
Authors: Richert Clemens , Berking Tim , Frey Wolfgang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTetraaryladamantanes (TAAs) with alkoxyphenyl groups are interesting synthetic targets because they can act as crystallization chaperones for liquid compounds. Their carbon framework is set up by Friedel–Crafts alkylation, using adamantane-1,3,5,7-tetraol and anisole derivatives as starting materials. One successful chaperone is 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(2-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)adamantane (TBro). This compound was initially considered the thermodynamic product of alkyl­ation and its reaction towards strong Brønsted acid is reported. We now report that exposure of TBro to strong Brønsted acid leads to its regioisomer 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(4-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)adamantane (iTBro) as the dominant product, obtained in a yield of 68%, far surpassing the 20% yield reported earlier for TBro. We also investigated the reactions of 3-iodo-, 3-chloro-, and 3-fluoroanisole to the corresponding TAAs and obtained yields of 66%, 26% and 52% for the main regioisomer. While 3-iodoanisole gave the same regioisomer as bromoanisole, 3-chloroanisole afforded complex mixtures and 3-fluoroanisole furnished 1,3,5,7-tetrakis(2-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)adamantane (TFM) in 52% yield as the main product. When mixtures of regioisomers were isomerized with an excess of triflic acid, the thermodynamic products were obtained in 76–91%. These results show how subtle effects govern the regioisomeric product distribution of aryladamantanes. They also help to make novel crystallization chaperones accessible in high yields.
Maternal–Fetal Results of COVID-19-Infected Pregnant Women Treated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Descriptive Report
Authors: Alvarado-Socarras Jorge Luis , Quintero-Lesmes Doris C. , Martin Delia Theurel , Vasquez Raul , Monsalve Mary Mendoza , Cristancho Lizeth Mogollon , Rojas Leonardo Salazar , Martinez Jenifer Leon , Medina Carlos Riaño , Gomez Camilo Pizarro 
Published: May 2023

Objective COVID-19 infection may produce severe pneumonia, mainly in the adult population. Pregnant women with severe pneumonia are at high risk of developing complications, and conventional therapy sometimes fails to reverse hypoxemia. Therefore, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an option in cases with refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure. This study aims to evaluate the maternal–fetal risk factors, clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes of 11 pregnant or peripartum patients with COVID-19 treated with ECMO.
Study Design This is a retrospective descriptive study of 11 pregnant women undergoing ECMO therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results In our cohort, four patients underwent ECMO during pregnancy (36.3%) and 7 during the postpartum period. Initially, they started on venovenous ECMO, and three patients were required to change modality due to clinical conditions. In total, 4/11 pregnant women (36.3%) died. We established two periods that differed in the implementation of a standardized care model for reducing associated morbidities and mortality. Neurological complications were responsible for most deaths. Regarding fetal outcomes at early-stage pregnancies on ECMO (4), we report three stillbirths (75%), and one newborn (twin pregnancy) survived and had a favorable evolution.
Conclusion At later-stage pregnancies, all newborns survived, and we did not identify any vertical infection. ECMO therapy is an alternative for pregnant women with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19, and may improve maternal and neonatal results. Regarding fetal outcomes, the gestational age played a definitive role. However, the main complications reported in our series and others are neurological. It is essential to develop novel, future interventions to prevent these complications.
Contemporary Trends in Cesarean Delivery Rates and Indications
Authors: Jaber Sara , Blanchard Christina T. , Lu Michelle Y. , Cozzi Gabriella D. , Casey Brian M. , Tita Alan T. , Kim Dhong-Jin , Szychowski Jeff M. , Subramaniam Akila 
Published: May 2023

Objective This study aimed to describe cesarean delivery rates and indications at a single center in order to assess the impact of the guidelines published by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine on trends in labor management.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of patients ≥23 weeks' gestation delivering at a single tertiary care referral center from 2013 to 2018. Demographic characteristics, mode of delivery, and main indication for cesarean delivery were ascertained by individual chart review. Cesarean delivery indications (mutually exclusive) were the following: repeat cesarean delivery, nonreassuring fetal status, malpresentation, maternal indications (e.g., placenta previa or genital herpes simplex virus), failed labor (any stage labor arrest), or other (i.e., fetal anomaly and elective). Polynomial (cubic) regression models were used to model rates of cesarean delivery and indications over time. Subgroup analyses further examined trends in nulliparous women.
Results Of the 24,637 patients delivered during the study period, 24,050 were included in the analysis; 7,835 (32.6%) had a cesarean delivery. The rates of overall cesarean delivery were significantly different over time (p < 0.001), declining to a minimum of 30.9% in 2014 and peaking at 34.6% in 2018. With regard to the overall cesarean delivery indications, there were no significant differences over time. When limited to nulliparous patients, the rates of cesarean delivery were also noted to be significantly different over time (p = 0.02) nadiring at 30% in 2015 from 35.4% in 2013 and then rising up to 33.9% in 2018. As for nulliparous patients, there was no significant difference in primary cesarean delivery indications over time except for nonreassuring fetal status (p = 0.049).
Conclusion Despite changes in labor management definitions and guidelines encouraging vaginal birth, the rates of overall cesarean delivery did not decrease over time. The indications for delivery, particularly failed labor, repeat cesarean delivery, and malpresentation have not significantly changed over time.
Key Points
A Dual Atrioventricular Approach to Repair Pseudoaneurysm after Mitral Valve Surgery
Authors: Fishberger Gregory , Bulard Blake , Lozonschi Lucian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVPA) is an uncommon but potentially fatal complication following atrioventricular groove rupture.
Case Description We present a patient with a massive LVPA involving the lateral commissure and under the mitral P3 segment following coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve (MV) repair. MV replacement and arteriovenous pseudoaneurysm were repaired by dual approach via the left atrium with excision of the previously dehisced mitral ring to expose the defect and patch repair the atrioventricular defect through the pseudoaneurysm free wall.
Conclusion This is a rare case of a large subacute postoperative LVPA repaired by dual atrial–ventricular approach to treat a contained atrioventricular groove rupture.