bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The extremal landscape for the C
$\beta $
E ensemble
Authors: Paquette Elliot , Zeitouni Ofer 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe consider the extremes of the logarithm of the characteristic polynomial of matrices from the C
$\beta $
E ensemble. We prove convergence in distribution of the centered maxima (of the real and imaginary parts) toward the sum of a Gumbel variable and another independent variable, which we characterize as the total mass of a ‘derivative martingale’. We also provide a description of the landscape near extrema points.
Structure and properties of paleosols of the last two interglacial cycles of the Khovaling Loess Plateau, Tajikistan (Obi–Mazar section)
Authors: Tokareva Olga A. , Lebedeva Marina P. , Sosin Peter M. , Ashurmadov Islomov K. , Khormali Farhad , Kurbanov Redzhep N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Significant thicknesses, a large number of paleosols, and an impressive chronological framework place the loess–paleosol series of the Afghan-Tajik depression on a par with the famous sections of the Chinese Loess Plateau. Based on the results of field stratigraphy, description of the macro- and micromorphological structure, field magnetic susceptibility measurements, and study of the chemical and grain-size compositions, a comprehensive characterization of the structure, properties, and formation conditions of paleosol horizons and loess layers was carried out. Three loess units and two pedocomplexes are distinguished in the late and upper middle Pleistocene deposits of the Obi-Mazar section. These sediments are characterized by high silt and carbonate content and the presence of loess with pedogenic features. Pedocomplex PC1, consisting of three paleosols, according to the stratigraphic position and absolute dating, corresponds to MIS 5. Pedocomplex PC2, consisting of two developed paleosols separated by loess, is correlated with MIS 7. The properties of the studied paleosols together with modern soil distribution in the region allow for the reconstruction of the soil type of PC1 and PC2 of the Obi-Mazar section with the genesis of the Calcisols–Kastanozems groups.
Unraveling the Cycle of Protest in Turkey’s Gezi Park
Authors: Gümrükçü Selin Bengi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Gezi Park protests that erupted in spring 2013 sparked renewed interest in social movements and collective action in Turkey. While much of the literature has emphasized the novelty and spontaneity of these protests, this article situates them within a broader context and historical framework of social movements in Turkey. It argues that the events surrounding the demolition of Gezi Park should be understood as a cycle of protest, best analyzed in relation to earlier cycles to gain deeper insights into the culture and agency of social movements in the country. In this regard, the article posits that the Turkish manifestations of the Global Justice Movement in the late 1990s and early 2000s provided crucial precedents for the Gezi Park protests, offering an organizational infrastructure, collective frames for mobilization, and adaptable models for action.
Israel, Annexation, and Sovereignty: Within the Green Line and Across It
Authors: Lustick Ian S. , Samuel M. T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFrom the early years of Israel’s occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, observers predicted that their de facto annexation might occur. Fifty-seven years later, it has happened. Although governed differently than other zones within the Israeli state, neither territory can be separated from Israel. Yet, the territories’ official status is that they are not part of the state. We offer four reinforcing analyses—legal, historical, discursive, and political—of this sustained discrepancy between what is and what is officially said to be. By analyzing Israel’s juridical techniques for regularizing the incorporation of territories occupied beginning in 1948, we show that de facto annexation has been Israel’s predominant form of territorial expansion. This helps account for the failure to implement de jure annexation, the intensity of conflict over attempts to overhaul the Israeli judiciary, and debates over the future of postwar Gaza.
Vechur cow milk yoghurt: response surface methodology-based process optimization and storage studies
Authors: Krishna Ammiti Murali , James Ligimol , Beena Athrayil Kalathil , Rajakumar Sujjalur Nagesha Rao , Mercey Kollannur Aippunny 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this research article, response surface methodology (RSM) based optimization of three production parameters namely temperature, time and amount of starter culture of Vechur cow milk yoghurt (VCMY) on the basis of sensory evaluation responses comparing cross-bred cow milk yoghurt (CCMY) as the control is reported. The optimized values of production parameters were 2.15 per cent rate of inoculation, 42°C incubation temperature and 4 h incubation period. The optimized product exhibited significantly lower syneresis, a*, b* values and higher L* values than CCMY. Physico-chemical, microbiological, textural and sensory properties of both VCMY and CCMY during room temperature and refrigerated storage were assessed daily until the onset of spoilage (room temperature) or at five day intervals over a period of 15 d (refrigerated). Both room temperature stored products were graded undesirable by the sensory panel upon one day of storage. Significant reduction was observed in the fat, SNF, total solids, protein and pH content and all the tested colour parameters of the optimized product during refrigerated storage. Total viable counts as well as yeast and mould counts and lactic acid bacteria counts of both VCMY and CCMY progressively increased over the 15 d of storage. Significant reductions were observed in the flavour (P < 0.01), body and texture, colour and appearance and overall acceptability (P < 0.05) scores of both the samples over a period of 15 d. During storage, hardness and adhesiveness values showed an increasing trend whereas the cohesiveness showed a decreasing trend. Storage studies revealed significant differences in the acidity, pH, syneresis, tyrosine value, colour parameters and sensorial attributes of both the yoghurt samples. During the 15 d refrigerated storage period, the VCMY exhibited superior technological attributes to CCMY in terms of lower syneresis %, acidity, microbial population, firmer and less cohesive texture, better flavour, colour and appearance scores. Being the first comprehensive study on the utilization of Vechur cow milk for the preparation of yoghurt, the data generated in the current study would provide a solid base for the exploration of fermentation as a means of value addition of milk of this very rare indigenous cattle breed.
Written Out of History: Collective Reflection with Oral History Narrators on Pakistan’s Women Constitution-Makers
Authors: Khan Maryam S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This Comment derives from a group discussion, generously funded by the Transactions Workshop Grant in 2023, to reflect retrospectively on the nature and degree of interaction among six trailblazing women members of Pakistan’s constituent assembly of 1972–3 (‘women constitution-makers’) within and without the assembly against the backdrop of their life histories. I refer to this group discussion as a ‘collective reflection’ to describe its open-ended structure of snowballing conversations among a small cohort of oral history narrators on the women constitution-makers as well as archivists whose work engages with material on or related to Pakistan’s enduring Constitution of 1973. The objective of the collective reflection was twofold: to provide an interactive mnemonic context for storytelling on the women constitution-makers and their personal and political associations; and to explore the extent to which these six women acted in concert in their constitution-making role on the question of women’s political representation. In relation to the former, the collective reflection yielded valuable observations. With respect to the latter, however, it presented a mixed picture and struck a note of caution in reading strong inferences into documentary archives – in this case, the constituent assembly debates.
Severe coronary artery ectesia in a paediatric patient with Noonan syndrome presenting for transcatheter pulmonary valve placement
Authors: Herron Christopher , Iacono Karen , Nykanen David 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCoronary ectasia is a very rare phenomenon seen in Noonan syndrome with only a few documented case reports. We describe a 14-year-old with Noonan syndrome and tetralogy of Fallot with described coronary artery ectasia since infancy who presented for possible transcatheter pulmonary valve placement and was found to have severe ectasia of bilateral coronary arteries.
Are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists anti-consummatory drugs?
Authors: Mansur Rodrigo B. , Di Vincenzo Joshua D. , Badulescu Sebastian , Gill Hartej , Tabassum Aniqa , López Cristian Llach , Rosenblat Joshua D. , McIntyre Roger S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIncretin-based treatments, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists (eg liraglutide and semaglutide), have rapidly transformed obesity treatment. The well-documented weight loss effect from these agents is considered to be primarily a result of their actions on food intake, but frequent anecdotal reports from varied sources have suggested that they might also broadly affect consummatory behavior, including alcohol and drugs of abuse, suggesting a potential modulatory effect on reward behavior. Herein, we critically review the extant literature on the behavioral effects of GLP-1R agonists in humans, including their impact on feeding behavior, alcohol/drug intake, and overall reward response. We also consider the physiological and neurobiological underpinnings of GLP-1 actions, with a focus on its distinct central and peripheral roles, as well as its relationships with the broader energy homeostasis network. We conclude with a discussion on the implications of this line of research on how behavior is conceptualized, and the potential future directions for research.
Tamar Summons the Church to Account: Resisting Patriarchal (and Ecclesial) Impunity in 2 Samuel 13:21
Authors: West Gerald 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article documents and reflects on gender-based Contextual Bible Study (CBS) work on 2 Samuel 13:1–22 over more than thirty-five years, much of it shaped by work with Anglican communities. CBS work on the story of the abuse of Tamar provides a shape to the article, beginning with the identification of the Church by women survivors of violence as the silencer of Tamar, then of the Church as the abuser of Tamar, then of the Church as the excluder of Tamar in its lectionaries and liturgies and then of the Church as abandoning Tamar with impunity. The article summons the Church, though a CBS on 2 Samuel 13:21, to hear the summons of Tamar to change.
The Contribution of Eric Mascall to Theodicy and (Possibly) Providence
Authors: Lloyd Michael Francis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article explores Eric Mascall’s contribution to theodicy and (possibly) providence. It offers a taxonomy of Christian responses to the problem of evil: those which see suffering as instrumental to the purposes of God, those which see suffering as inevitable within the purposes of God, and those which see suffering as inimical to the purposes of God. It offers a critique of all three families of such responses. It then locates Mascall’s theodicy on that ‘map’. It argues that Mascall’s proposal, if accepted, removes the main argument against the inimical family of responses, which it sees as fitting best with the healing ministry of Jesus, as being most unambiguously committed to the goodness of God, and as being the most pastorally sensitive of the three categories. It also raises, without advocating, the possibility that all divine action may be indirect, thus safeguarding the non-coerciveness of God without compromising eschatological hope.
Evaluation of spring-applied endothall for annual bluegrass control in warm-season turf
Authors: Peppers John M. , Askew Shawn D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Increasing instances of herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass have limited turf manager’s options for chemical control. Endothall inhibits serine threonine protein phosphatase, a novel site of action for warm-season turf, and endothall use in hybrid bermudagrass is not extensively reported. Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass response to endothall. Five herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass biotypes were treated with increasing endothall rates and compared to two susceptible populations. One glyphosate-resistant annual bluegrass biotype was 2.3- to 3.3-fold more resistant to endothall depending on trial and susceptible biotype, and all other biotypes were endothall-susceptible. Four field studies were established from 2022-2023 to evaluate the influence of endothall rate and application timing on bermudagrass and manilagrass turf injury and annual bluegrass control. These studies were arranged as a three-by-four factorial with three levels of application timing (fully dormant, 50% green, and 100% green) and four levels of herbicide (endothall applied at 1.12, 1.68, and 2.24 kg ai ha-1 and trifloxysulfuron applied at 27.8 g ai ha-1). Maximum observed turf injury was dependent on endothall rate and timing and was commercially acceptable (<30%) at the low and middle rates when applied to 100% green bermudagrass and all rates when applied to dormant turf. When applied to 50% green turf (mid-transition), endothall unacceptably injured warm-season turf regardless of application rate, but when applied during mid-transition, only the high endothall rate unacceptably injured turf 14 days after treatment. Endothall controlled annual bluegrass more effectively when applied during mid-transition and 100% green turf than fully dormant turf. When applied at 1.68 and 2.24 kg ai ha-1 to mid-transition and 100% green turf, endothall controlled annual bluegrass 83-95%. Results from these studies indicate endothall selectively controls herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass in warm-season turf but selectivity and performance depend on application timing.
Early-planted soybean weed management as affected by herbicide application rate and timing
Authors: Miller Logan R. , Landau Christopher A. , Williams Martin M. , Hager Aaron G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The opportunity to increase soybean yield has prompted Illinois farmers to plant soybean earlier than historical norms. Extending the growing season with an earlier planting date might alter the relationship between soybean growth and weed emergence timings, potentially altering the optimal herbicide application timings to minimize crop yield loss due to weed interference and ensure minimal weed seed production. The objective of this research was to examine various herbicide treatments applied at different timings and rates to assess the effect on weed control and yield in early-planted soybean. Field experiments were conducted in 2021 at three locations across central Illinois to determine effective chemical strategies for weed management in early-planted soybean. PRE treatments consisted of a S-metolachlor + metribuzin premix applied at planting or just prior to soybean emergence at 0.5X (883 + 210 g ai ha−1) or 1X (1,766 + 420 g ai ha−1) label-recommended rates. POST treatments were applied when weeds reached 10 cm tall and consisted of 1X rates of glufosinate (655 g ai ha−1) + glyphosate (1,260 g ae ha−1) + ammonium sulfate, without or with pyroxasulfone at a 0.5X (63 g ai ha−1) or 1X (126 g ai ha−1) rate. Treatments comprising both a full rate of PRE followed by a POST resulted in the greatest and most consistent weed control at the final evaluation timing. The addition of pyroxasulfone to POST treatments did not consistently reduce late-season weed emergence. The lack of a consistent effect by pyroxasulfone could be attributed to suppression of weeds by soybean canopy closure due to earlier soybean development. The full rate of PRE extended the timing of POST application 2 to 3 wk for all treatments at all locations except Urbana. Full-rate PRE treatments also reduced the time between the POST application and soybean canopy closure. Overall, a full-rate PRE reduced early-season weed interference and minimized soybean yield loss due to weed interference.
Hydrothermal Methane Venting and Its Microbial Oxidation Along the Eastern Southwest Indian Ridge, 63.5°–68°E
Authors: Surya Prakash L. , John Kurian P. , Sen K. , Tsunogai U. , Linsy P. , Shuhail M. , Roy P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMethane concentration and its stable carbon isotope ratio studies were carried out in deep waters of ultraslow‐spreading eastern Southwest Indian Ridge (eSWIR), 63.5°–68°E, to identify hydrothermal plumes and associated biogeochemical processes. High methane concentrations (1.0–37.8 nmol/kg) confirm the presence of 11 hydrothermal plumes along the ∼500 km long section of eSWIR. Among these 11 plumes, eight are reporting for the first time. Detailed investigations near 67.67°E; 26.61°S show the presence of three plumes at various depths and their dispersion >100 km along the ridge in east‐west directions. Stable carbon isotope ratios of these plumes show lighter and heavier isotope enrichment (−40‰ to −3‰). Lighter isotope enrichment may indicate that methane could be derived from a combination of abiotic and thermogenic sources and, heavier isotope enrichment is mainly because of microbial methane oxidation. We report strong evidence for the presence of an active hydrothermal field at 67.67°E; 26.61°S in the eSWIR for the first time.
Profound Changes in the Seasonal Cycle of Sea Level Along the United States Mid‐Atlantic Coast
Authors: Yang Jiayan , Chen Ke 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe monthly mean sea level along the U.S. Mid‐Atlantic Coast varies seasonally, reaching a minimum in January and a maximum in September during the 1960–2020 period. However, this seasonal cycle has changed significantly on multi‐decadal timescales. In the last two decades, the annual minimum has shifted from January to February. The amplitude of seasonal changes increased by 65% from 14.16 cm in 1980–1999 to 23.16 cm in 2000–2020. Even more concerning, the maximum sea level in September rose by 82%, from 6.81 to 12.38 cm, potentially exacerbating coastal flooding over the past 20 years. A two‐layer ocean model effectively replicates both the phase and magnitude of the observed changes and attributes these shifts to changes in wind stress near the coast, with relatively minor influence from deep ocean forcing. Both alongshore and cross‐shore wind stress changes are found to contribute to changes in the sea level's seasonal cycle.
Interdecadal Variation of Springtime Compound Temperature‐Precipitation Extreme Events in China and Its Association With Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation
Authors: Wang Leying , Chen Shangfeng , Chen Wen , Wu Renguang , Wang Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe concurrent occurrence of temperature and precipitation extremes, known as compound temperature‐precipitation extreme events (CTPEEs), leads to more pronounced consequences for human society and ecosystems than when these extremes occur separately. However, such compound extremes have not been sufficiently studied, especially during boreal spring. Spring is an important transition season, during which the CTPEEs plays a pivotal role in plant growth and revival of terrestrial ecosystems. This study investigates the spatio‐temporal variation characteristics of spring CTPEEs in China, including warm‐dry, warm‐wet, cold‐dry, and cold‐wet combinations. The compound cold‐wet extreme events occur most frequently, followed by warm‐dry, warm‐wet, and cold‐dry events. The frequency of CTPEEs associated with warm (cold) extremes shows a marked interdecadal increase (decrease) around the mid‐to‐late 1990s. It is found that the interdecadal change in CTPEEs is primarily determined by the variation in temperature extremes. This interdecadal shift coincides with the phase transitions of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). After the mid‐to‐late 1990s, the configuration of a positive AMO and a negative IPO excited atmospheric wave trains over mid‐high latitudes, causing high‐pressure and anticyclonic anomalies over East Asia. This leads to less cloudiness, allowing an increase in downward solar radiation, which enhances surface warming and contributes to an increase (decrease) in warm‐dry and warm‐wet extremes. The above observations are confirmed by the Pacemaker experiments. The results of this study highlight a significant contribution of internal climate variability to interdecadal changes in CTPEEs at the regional scale.
Copula Modeling and Uncertainty Propagation in Field‐Scale Simulation of CO2 Fault Leakage
Authors: Pettersson Per , Keilegavlen Eirik , Sandve Tor Harald , Gasda Sarah E. , Krumscheid Sebastian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSubsurface storage of is an important means to mitigate climate change, and the North Sea hosts considerable potential storage resources. To investigate the fate of over decades in vast reservoirs, numerical simulation based on realistic models is essential. Faults and other complex geological structures introduce modeling challenges as their effects on storage operations are subject to high uncertainty. We present a computational framework for forward propagation of uncertainty, including stochastic upscaling and copula representation of multivariate distributions for a storage site model with faults. The Vette fault zone in the Smeaheia formation in the North Sea is used as a test case. The stochastic upscaling method reduces the number of stochastic dimensions and the cost of evaluating the reservoir model. Copulas provide representation of dependent multidimensional random variables and a good fit to data, allow fast sampling and coupling to the forward propagation method via independent uniform random variables. The non‐stationary correlation within the upscaled flow functions are accurately captured by a data‐driven transformation model. The uncertainty in upscaled flow functions and other uncertain parameters are efficiently propagated to leakage estimates using numerical reservoir simulation of a two‐phase system of CO2 and brine. The expectations of leakage are estimated by an adaptive stratified sampling technique which effectively allocates samples in stochastic space. We demonstrate cost reduction compared to standard Monte Carlo of one or two orders of magnitude for simpler test cases, and factors 2–8 cost reduction for stochastic multi‐phase flow properties and more complex stochastic models.