bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of antitussive agents in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza
Authors: Fesenko O. V. 
Published: April 2023

Viral upper respiratory infection (VURI)-associated acute cough is the most common symptom worldwide among children and adults. It causes serious economic and social problems both for individual patients, patients’ families, and the health care system as a whole. There is still no effective pharmacological agent capable of interfering with all the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in VURI-associated acute cough. This circumstance partly explains the increased prevalence of the prolonged course of acute respiratory infections, when the cough takes on the features of subacute or post-infectious course. The pathophysiology of this symptom is being actively investigated to optimize the treatment of cough. A viral infection provokes an acute cough induced by various irritative stimuli, the main one being secretions from the respiratory tract, which directly acts on reflexogenic areas of the mucosa. Inflammatory mediators also play an important role, acting on the peripheral sensory terminations of airways. Inflammatory mediators also induce post-infectious bronchial hyperreactivity, which is an important component of the pathogenesis of post-infectious cough. Recently, researchers are becoming increasingly interested in the role of the voluntary or conscious cough component, which is implemented due to the cortical response to afferent information from the receptors of the upper respiratory tract.This hypothesis explains the ineffectiveness of central antitussive agents in patients with viral infection-associated dry cough and expands the possibilities of peripheral antitussive agents represented by levodropropizine. In addition to the action on nerve endings, the agent also affects inflammatory mediators, which enhances its ability to break the “vicious circle” of this symptom, prevents the development of post-infectious cough and promotes rehabilitation of the bronchial tree. The efficacy and safety of levodropropizine has been demonstrated in clinical trials in both children and adults.
Effect of cocoa husk Criollo tea on hypercholesterolemia in animal model
Authors: Adi Annis Catur , Tawakal Ali Iqbal , Rasyidi Mohammad Fahmi , Salisa Wizara , Farapti Farapti , Rachmawati Heni 
Published: April 2023

Organic waste is a problem the cocoa industry has to handle. The industry produces a lot of cocoa bean husk, also called Criollo cocoa husk. Cocoa bean husk is an underutilized cocoa waste that contains bioactive components in the form of phenols and flavonoids. Processed cocoa bean husk can be brewed as a functional beverage.
The research objective was to test cocoa husk tea for sensory properties, bioactive components, and impact on blood cholesterol. This study used a randomized experimental design with six repetitions. Sensory data were processed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (α = 0.05) to determine the difference in sensory properties between each formulation of cocoa husk tea.
The sensory evaluation involved 30 untrained panelists who gave the highest score to the formulation with 62.5% cocoa bean husk, 25% lemongrass, and 12.5% aromatic ginger, which could also reduce 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals (IC50 = 264.8675). The animal test showed that the cocoa husk formulation produced no significant difference (p > 0.05) in pre- and post-treatment, but was able to keep cholesterol within normal limits.
Cocoa bean husk showed health benefits by its antioxidant properties and ability to control blood cholesterol.
Factors affecting consumer preference for healthy diet and functional foods
Authors: Grujić Slavica , Grujčić Mirjana 
Published: April 2023

An inadequate diet and lifestyle are major causes of various diseases. A healthy diet can prevent diseases and maintain a good health status. The present research objective was to test young consumers for their preference for healthy diets and their intention to purchase functional foods, as well as to identify factors that affect their attitudes.
The study involved 720 consumers (average 20 years old), a structured questionnaire, and a specially-developed scientific methodology. The results were grouped based on sex and body mass index. The analysis focused on the points where consumers’ interest in healthy diet overlapped with health-related diet needs and how each of them corresponded with their knowledge on the following spheres: nutrition and health risks, labelled data use in food choice, preference for foods fortified with vitamins, minerals, dietary fibers, or functional foods with a poor sensory quality. The data were processed using descriptive statistics, Z-test, and correlation tests.
All the consumers demonstrated healthy diet preferences and a significant positive relationship (p < 0.01) with the factors. They made an informed choice based on the labelled data and preferred foods fortified with vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibers, as well as functional products with a lower sensory quality. All respondents, regardless of sex and body mass index, demonstrated nutrition and health risk awareness. The health-related diet needs also affected their food preferences (p < 0.05), with some exceptions.
The young consumers possessed sufficient basic knowledge on food quality, nutrition, and health. Their attitudes depended on their preference for healthy diets and functional foods. The novel methodology can be applied to other studies of consumer preferences.
Digital Transformation of Public Administration as a Strategic Public Value
Authors: Nazarenko Taras , Novikova Irina 
Published: April 2023

The author used the general theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing to interpret the digital transformation of public administration. He described the digital transformation of public administration as a public value with a strategic perspective of national economic growth that will eventually improve the standard of living and the welfare of citizens. The research combined theory and practice with the achievements of different economic strategy schools. The author tested the digital public administration using Professor Vladimir Kvint’s methodology of strategic thinking and activity and the Gostekh digital platform. The author also applied the Clark-Groves mechanism to urban environment as a tool for selecting public projects. The scientific and applied nature of the research made it possible to determine the strategic perspective for the digitalization of public administration as a means of selecting landscape objects and public
territories for landscaping via online voting.
An Insight into Codon Pattern Analysis of Autophagy Genes Associated with Virus
Infection
Authors: Singhal Shailja , Kumar Utsang , Alqahtani Taha , Rzhepakovsky Igor Vladimirovich , Khandia Rekha , Pandey Megha , Alqahtani Saud , Alharbi Hanan , Kamal Mohammad Amjad 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Apoptosis and autophagy are the two fundamental processes involved in maintaining
homeostasis, and a common stimulus may initiate the processes. Autophagy has been implicated in various diseases,
including viral infections. Genetic manipulations leading to altered gene expression might be a strategy
to check virus infection.

Aim:
Determination of molecular patterns, relative synonymous codon usage, codon preference, codon bias,
codon pair bias, and rare codons so that genetic manipulation of autophagy genes may be done to curb viral infection.

Method:
Using various software, algorithms, and statistical analysis, insights into codon patterns were obtained.
A total of 41 autophagy genes were envisaged as they are involved in virus infection.

Results:
The A/T and G/C ending codons are preferred by different genes. AAA-GAA and CAG-CTG codon
pairs are the most abundant codon pairs. CGA, TCG, CCG, and GCG are rarely used codons.

Conclusion:
The information generated in the present study helps manipulate the gene expression level of virus
infection-associated autophagy genes through gene modification tools like CRISPR. Codon deoptimization for
reducing while codon pair optimization for enhancing is efficacious for HO-1 gene expression.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Anacyclus
Valentinus L. Essential Oil and its Oxygenated Fraction
Authors: Ainseba Nabila , Soulimane Amina , Mami Imane Rihab , Dib Mohammed El Amine , Muselli Alain 
Published: April 2023

Aim and Objective:
Synthetic antioxidants and anti-inflammatories are widely used by
the food and pharmaceutical industries. Like any synthetic product, these are toxic and represent a
significant health risk. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of
Anacyclus valentinus essential oil and its oxygenated fraction, as well as their in-vitro antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods:
The essential oil was hydrodistilled using a Clevenger-type device and the oxygenated
fraction was obtained by column chromatography using diethyl ether. The essential oil and its oxygenated
fraction were analysed by GC and GC/MS. The antioxidant activities were performed using
three different methods Radical scavenging activity (DPPH), β-carotene bleaching test, and the
Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), using BHT as a positive control. The activity of antiinflammatory
of essential oil and its oxygenated fraction was assessed by the protein denaturation
method using the diclofenac sodium as a positive control.

Results:
The essential oil of Anacyclus valentinus was represented mainly by oxygenated sesquiterpene
compounds (37.7%), hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (14.7%), oxygenated monoterpenes
(18.4%) and non-terpenic compounds (15.6%). The oxygenated fraction was composed mainly of
oxygenated sesquiterpenes (40.6%), oxygenated monoterpenes (38.5%), and non-terpene compounds
(19.4%). Essential oil and oxygenated fraction showed antioxidant activity. The most potent
activity was observed by the oxygenated fraction in the DPPH (IC50 = 8.2 mL/L) and β-
carotene bleaching (IC50 = 5.6 mL/L) tests. While the essential oil of A. valentinus showed very good
anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 of 0.3 g/L higher than that of diclofenac (IC50= 0.53 g/L).

Conclusion:
The results showed that the essential oil and the oxygenated fraction of A. valentinus
are rich in sesquiterpene compounds and possess interesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
properties. However, other studies are necessary to be able to offer these extracts to the pharmaceutical
and food industries.
The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Development and Therapeutic Intervention
of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Ying , Hao Chunhai , Li Lei , Zhang Haiguang , Zha Weina , Ma Longbin , Chen Li , Gan Jianhe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Oxidative stress (OS) is a condition in which the body has an unbalanced oxidative and antioxidant
effect. Oxidative stress has emerged as a critical component in the onset and progression of
numerous diseases, including liver cancer and chronic liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus and
hepatitis B virus. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the most prevalent reactive chemical species involved
in the oxidative stress response during the progression of the disease. Oxidative stress has a
unique role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and excessive ROS production is a
common occurrence in liver illnesses of various etiologies. In response to various deleterious stimuli,
the liver shows manifestations of lipid accumulation, oxidative damage, inflammatory infiltration, and
immune response, which interact with each other in a mutually reinforcing manner, collectively exacerbating
liver damage and malignant transformation. The intracellular buildup of ROS is a two-edged
sword for tumor advancement. ROS are tumorigenic, and low amounts of ROS can trigger different
signaling pathways that promote proliferation, survival, and migration, among other aspects. However,
excessive oxidative stress can induce tumor cell death. Understanding the mechanisms of oxidative
stress in hepatocellular carcinogenesis is beneficial for the prevention and surveillance of hepatocellular
carcinoma in humans. An improved knowledge of the impacts and potential implications of oxidative
stress regulation in therapeutic strategies will likely allow us to find new therapeutic targets for
cancer. Oxidative stress also plays a significant role in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and
the mechanisms of drug resistance involved. This paper reviews recent studies on oxidative stress in
HCC that are more reliable and important, and provides a more comprehensive view of the development
of the treatment of HCC based on the relevant summaries of the effect of oxidative stress on the
treatment.
Preclinical Safety Assessment of Lepidium sativum L. Seed Extract and its
Nanoparticles via Acute and Subacute Oral Administration
Authors: Ahmad Asad , Mishra Anuradha , Nabi Rabia , Ahmad Iffat Zareen 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Lepidium sativum (LS) seed extract has various pharmacological properties,
such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities. However, the translation of L. sativum
seed extract to the clinical phase is still tedious due to its bioavailability and stability issues. This problem
can be solved by encapsulating it in a nanodelivery system to improve its therapeutic potency.

Methods:
In this study, we have determined and compared the in vivo toxicity of ethanolic extracts of L.
sativum seeds (EELS) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). To conduct toxicity (acute and subacute
toxicity) assessments, EELS and SLNs were orally administered to Swiss albino mice. Animal survival,
body weight, the weight of vital organs in relation to body weight, haematological profile, biochemistry
profile, and histopathological alterations were examined.

Results:
Animals administered with 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg in an acute toxicity study exhibited no
toxicological symptoms regarding behaviour, gross pathology, and body weight. As per a study on acute
toxicity, the LD50 (lethal dose) for SLNs and EELS was over 400 mg/kg and over 5000 mg/kg, respectively.
When animals were given SLNs (50 and 100 mg/kg, orally) and EELS (250, 500, and 1000
mg/kg, orally) for 28 days, subacute toxicity study did not exhibit any clinical changes. There were no
differences in weight gain, haematological parameters, or biochemical parameters compared to the control
groups (p > 0.05). The organs of the treated animals showed no abnormalities in the histological
analysis (liver, heart, kidney, and spleen).

Conclusion:
The result confirms ethanolic extracts of L. sativum seeds and their SLNs to not have
harmful effects following acute and subacute administration to mice. For further studies, patents available
on Lepidium may be referred for its preclinical and clinical applications.
TCN Multi-time-scale Transformation and Temporal-Attention Neural
Network for Monthly Electricity Consumption Forecasting
Authors: Hu Hao , Li Wen Jie , Shi Yan , Zhou Chao , Guo DeHua 
Published: April 2023

Background::
For the efficient and secure running of the power industry, accurate
monthly electricity projections are crucial. Due to coupling variations and a variety of data resolutions,
current approaches are still unable to accurately extract multidimensional time-series data.

Objective::
For monthly electricity consumption forecasting, a multi-time-scale transformation and
temporal attention neural network for a temporal convolutional network is proposed.

Method::
First, a multi-time-scale compression model of temporal convolutional network is proposed,
which compresses data on several time scales from different resolutions, such as the economy,
weather, and historical load. Second, a multi-source temporal attention module is built to further
dynamically extract crucial information. Finally, the decoding-encoding and residual connections'
structure contributes to the prediction's improved resilience.

Results::
The proposed method was compared with the state-of-the-art monthly load forecasting
based on two years of historical data in a certain region, demonstrating its effectiveness.

Conclusion::
Through the verification of local historical data, the proposed model was contrasted
with cutting-edge monthly load forecasting techniques. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness.
Addressing Preconception Behavior Change Through Mobile Phone Apps: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Musgrave Loretta , Cheney Kate , Dorney Edwina , Homer Caroline S E , Gordon Adrienne 
Published: April 2023

Background
Positive health behavior changes before pregnancy can optimize perinatal outcomes for mothers, babies, and future generations. Women are often motivated to positively change their behavior in preparation for pregnancy to enhance their health and well-being. Mobile phone apps may provide an opportunity to deliver public health interventions during the preconception period.

Objective
This review aimed to synthesize the evidence of the effectiveness of mobile phone apps in promoting positive behavior changes in women of reproductive age before they are pregnant (preconception and interconception periods), which may improve future outcomes for mothers and babies.

Methods
Five databases were searched in February 2022 for studies exploring mobile phone apps as a prepregnancy intervention to promote positive behavior change. The identified studies were retrieved and exported to EndNote (Thomson Reuters). Using Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation), a PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) study flow diagram was generated to map the number of records identified, included, and excluded. Three independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias and conducted data extraction using the Review Manager software (version 5.4, The Cochrane Collaboration), and the data were then pooled using a random-effects model. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system was used to assess the certainty of the evidence.

Results
Of the 2973 publications identified, 7 (0.24%) were included. The total number of participants across the 7 trials was 3161. Of the 7 studies, 4 (57%) included participants in the interconception period, and 3 (43%) included women in the preconception period. Of the 7 studies, 5 (71%) studies focused on weight reduction, assessing the outcomes of reductions in adiposity and weight. Of the 7 studies, nutrition and dietary outcomes were evaluated in 2 (29%) studies, blood pressure outcomes were compared in 4 (57%) studies, and biochemical and marker outcomes associated with managing disease symptoms were included in 4 (57%) studies. Analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in energy intake; weight loss; body fat; and biomarkers such as glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, fasting lipid profiles, or blood pressure when compared with standard care.

Conclusions
Owing to the limited number of studies and low certainty of the evidence, no firm conclusions can be drawn on the effects of mobile phone app interventions on promoting positive behavior changes in women of reproductive age before they are pregnant (preconception and interconception periods).

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42017065903; https://tinyurl.com/2p9dwk4a

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1186/s13643-019-0996-6
Sclerosing Central Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: Rare Case Series and Review
Authors: Haleem Azhar , Al-Ani Rana R 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
The most frequent malignant tumour of the salivary glands is mucoepidermoid carcinoma which accounts for 30% of all malignancies of the salivary glands. There are numerous histologic variations with various levels of differentiation. Sclerosing MEC (SMEC) is a rare subtype of MEC that has the potential to be misdiagnosed as a low-grade non-SMEC malignancy or a benign reactive condition. There have been no cases of the extremely rare sclerosing variant of central or intraosseous MEC reported as of yet.
Case reports:
We present two cases of Sclerosing Central MEC, in which histologic analysis revealed relatively well-circumscribed, nonencapsulated tumours made up of dispersed epithelial islands of low-grade MEC and extensive central sclerosis. Similar sclerotic stroma was present in the tumor in the second case, but the epithelial component was of intermediate grade. Both cases showed abundant intracytoplasmic mucin and positive Mayer mucicarmine and PAS stains.
Conclusions:
Sclerosing central mucoepidermoid carcinoma was identified as the cause. Both cases underwent a complete resection of the tumor and have since been free of the disease.
Liraglutide and Exercise Synergistically Attenuate Vascular Inflammation and Enhance Metabolic Insulin Action in Early Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Liu Jia , Aylor Kevin W. , Liu Zhenqi 
Published: April 2023

Inflammation-induced vascular insulin resistance is an early event in diet-induced obesity and contributes to metabolic insulin resistance. To examine whether exercise and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonism, alone or in combination, modulate vascular and metabolic insulin actions during obesity development, we performed a euglycemic insulin clamp in adult male rats after 2 weeks of high-fat diet feeding with either access to a running wheel (exercise), liraglutide, or both. Rats exhibited increased visceral adiposity and blunted microvascular and metabolic insulin responses. Exercise and liraglutide alone each improved muscle insulin sensitivity, but their combination fully restored insulin-mediated glucose disposal rates. The combined exercise and liraglutide intervention enhanced insulin-mediated muscle microvascular perfusion, reduced perivascular macrophage accumulation and superoxide production in the muscle, attenuated blood vessel inflammation, and improved endothelial function, along with increasing endothelial nucleus translocation of NRF2 and increasing endothelial AMPK phosphorylation. We conclude that exercise and liraglutide synergistically enhance the metabolic actions of insulin and reduce vascular oxidative stress and inflammation in the early stage of obesity development. Our data suggest that early combination use of exercise and GLP-1 receptor agonism might be an effective strategy in preventing vascular and metabolic insulin resistance and associated complications during the development of obesity.

Article Highlights
Inflammation-induced vascular insulin resistance occurs early in diet-induced obesity and contributes to metabolic insulin resistance. We examined whether exercise and GLP-1 receptor agonism, alone or in combination, modulate vascular and metabolic insulin actions during obesity development. We found that exercise and liraglutide synergistically enhanced the metabolic actions of insulin and reduced perimicrovascular macrophage accumulation, vascular oxidative stress, and inflammation in the early stage of obesity development. Our data suggest that early combination use of exercise and a GLP-1 receptor agonist might be an effective strategy in preventing vascular and metabolic insulin resistance and associated complications during the development of obesity.