bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Бошланғич синф ўқувчиларида ўзини- ўзи баҳолаш орқали мустақил билиш фаоллигини ривожлантириш модели
Authors: Махмудова Нодира 
Published: January 2023

Ўз-ўзини баҳолаш орқали бошланғич синф ўқувчисида мустақил билиш фаоллигини ривожлантириш модели ишлаб чиқилган. Унинг мазмуний таркибини амалга оширишнинг муҳим жиҳатлари қуйидагилардан иборат:

Бошланғич синф ўқувчиларининг ўзини-ўзи баҳолаш фаолияти.
Бошланғич синф ўқувчиларида мустақил билиш фаоллигини оширишнинг педагогик-психологик зарурияти.
Бошланғич синф ўқувчиларида ўзини-ўзи баҳолаш орқали мустақил билиш фаоллигини ривожлантиришнинг таркибий тузилиши.
Бошланғич синф ўқувчиларида ўзини-ўзи баҳолаш орқали мустақил билиш фаоллигини ривожлантиришда интерфаол ўқитиш методларидан фойдаланиш.
Бошланғич синф ўқувчиларида мустақил билиш фаоллигини

ривожлантиришга йўналтирилган инновациялар.
Муҳим жиҳатлари модел ва унинг таркибий қисмларида батафсил ёритилган.
Folk Performances and the European Gaze in Bengal in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Majumdar Sarottama 
Published: January 2023

Cultural anthropologists acknowledge the primacy of the spectator’s gaze in assigning hierarchical space to performances within the public sphere. Equations of power and transactions between agents of performance and the consumer or between the language of the entitled spectator and subject performers determine the category assigned to a given performance: folk or elite, classic or popular, high or subaltern. The late eighteenth – early nineteenth century in Bengal was a period of political and social transition and of realignment along religious, spatial and intellectual lines. The birth and growth of the metropolitan urban centre (Calcutta), an increasing presence of European residents of both genders in Calcutta and Bengal and the shift of power and influence from Muslim military aristocracy to an European merchant company (The British East India Company), meant that traditional indigenous performances were often thrown open for commentary and judgment to an audience who were largely outsiders and to whom the nuances of language, caste, class, region, ritual signification were matters of academic interest only occasioning descriptive commentaries on the practices in an alien country. In the travelogues and memoirs of Maria Nugent or Fanny Parkes, for instance, rituals, customs or performances were viewed as exemplifying the picturesque ‘otherness’ of an alien race. This paper will focus on evidences within British colonial writings of the early nineteenth century describing what appeared to observers as performances, with which they attempt to conceptualize the native ‘other’ as a cultural trope.
A FUGA À PATERNIDADE À LUZ DO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO ANGOLANO: UM OLHAR ATENTO ÀS CAUSAS E CONSEQUÊNCIAS NO MÚNICÍPIO DO MUNGO – PROVÍNCIA DO HUAMBO-ANGOLA
Authors: Graça da Costa Mário , Da Costa Afonso Arlindo , Aparecida Santos e Campos Maria 
Published: January 2023

A presente pesquisa, tem como objectivo compreender as causas da fuga à paternidade à luz do ordenamento Jurídico Angolano, olhando para as suas consequências no Município do Mungo, Província do Huambo. Ao reflectir o problema em estudo, é importante salientar que se trata de um tema bastante actual, pois são variadíssimos casos de fuga à paternidade também reportados pelos meios de comunicação social, Ministério da Acção Social, Famílias e Promoção da Mulher e pelos órgãos de justiças, nomeadamente os Tribunais, Gabinetes Provinciais da Acção Social, Família e Igualdade do Género, Direcções Municipais, Ombalas. Sabe-se que a noção de paternidade varia de Cultura para Cultura, tendo em conta o factor legislativo, político, social, religioso, económico, entre outros, de um Povo. Por conseguinte, importa salientar que, reflectir em torno da paternidade, sobre o papel do pai dentro da família, as possíveis causas e consequências da fuga à paternidade, especificamete no Município do Mungo, é um dever de todos nós em quanto académicos, propondo vias de prevenção e soluções deste mal que merece de muita ateção, pois que os filhos precisam viver ao lado dos seus progenitores para melhor integração social, evitando o bullying, deliquência, para que se tenha uma educação formal e informal adequada aos petizes. Do estudo feito, conclui-se que, o desentendimento entre casais, o grau de superioridade dentro da relação, a falta de dialogo, a mal conduta de um dos cônjuges e tantos outros, estão na base da fuga a paternidade.
Correlation of IL-15 with viral load of hepatitis B and its role in the clearance of the virus
Authors: Al-Bayati Asmaa M S , E. A. Magthab 
Published: January 2023

Introduction and Aim: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes hepatitis B infection resulting in acute and chronic liver damage. Diagnosis of HBV involves blood tests that can distinguish acute and chronic infections. Molecular tests are also available that aid in viral detection and quantification. HBV infected individuals exhibit increasing levels of cytokines throughout the progress of infection which is thought to play an important role in the virus clearance process. Hence in this study we aim to evaluate the role of IL-15 in clearance of hepatitis B virus in acute and chronic infection.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based investigation conducted in Baghdad, Iraq comprised 34 patients with HBV infection and 30 apparently healthy individuals aged between 20-75 years. Blood drawn from each individual was subjected to ELISA and RT-PCR assays for detection of the virus. The serum obtained was assayed for IL-15 levels. Statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained.

Results: HBsAg was detected in all acute hepatitis B patients. The study revealed that 85.29 % of acute hepatitis B patients with HBsAg by ELISA were positive by RT-PCR. The viral load was highest in patients aged 40-49 years. Patients with acute hepatitis B but detected negative by RT-PCR had the highest mean IL-15 level (22.17 pg/ml) compared to patients positive by RT-PCR and the control group (11.16 and 4.21 pg/ml, respectively). A strong negative association (R = -0.8657) existed between IL-15 level and viral load in patients with acute hepatitis B.

Conclusion: High levels of IL-15 are associated with the HBV clearance in patients with acute hepatitis.
Bacterial and fungal profile of diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: Devasia Anjally , Anice John Linu , Ummer Velladath Saleena , Yegneswaran Prakash Peralam , Ali Mohammad Ciraj , S. Shettigar Kavitha 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Polymicrobial biofilm in chronic diabetic foot wounds is a major challenge for the treatment and lead to several complications, including increased morbidity, mortality, and limb loss.

Methodology: In this study, a spectrum of bacterial and fungal isolates was carried out in 66-foot ulcer samples from diabetic patients. All bacterial isolates were identified by conventional culture methods and biochemical identification tests. Filamentous fungi and yeasts were identified morphologically and by staining methods.

Results: Among 66 samples, 62 (94%) samples were culture-positive, and four samples (6%) were culture-negative by the conventional culture method. Polymicrobial growth was found in 11 samples (17%) and monomicrobial in 51 wound samples (77%). Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species were isolated. The number of Staphylococcus aureus isolates was more (61%). Fungi were isolated in 4 patients, and all the isolates were identified as Candida tropicalis. Several clinical complications were found including hypertension (47%), osteoarthritis (6%), rheumatoid arthritis (8%), cardiovascular disease (19%), peripheral vascular disease (20%), amputation (35%), foot cramps (71%) and edema (8%).

Conclusion: Monomicrobial growth was predominant than polymicrobial growth, and S. aureus was the predominant pathogen isolated. Adequate treatment management of diabetic foot is needed to reduce the risk of amputation.
WILLOW TREE BIOMASS AND ITS ALLOMETRIC MODELS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ARKHANGELSK REGION
Authors: А.А. Парамонов, , В.А. Усольцев, , С.В. Третьяков, , С.В. Коптев, , А.А. Карабан, , И.В. Цветков, , А.В. Давыдов, , И.С. Цепордей, 
Published: January 2023

Земли, вышедшие из сельскохозяйственного пользования в России после 1990-х годов, интенсивно заращиваются естественным путём такими породами, как ива, ольха и др., их вклад в углеродный бюджет лесного покрова неизвестен. Для оценки углероддепонирующей способности лесов активно разрабатываются аллометрические модели биомассы деревьев, особенно актуальные для смешанных лесов. В России единственные аллометрические модели для биомассы ивы козьей были построены по данным В. В. Смирнова (1971), полученным в подзонах средней тайги и хвойно-широколиственных лесов. Целью наших исследований было получение фактических данных о структуре надземной биомассы ивы, произрастающей в условиях северной тайги Архангельской области, и разработка аллометрических моделей для ее фракций. Предложены аллометрические модели для фракций надземной биомассы деревьев ивы, которые характеризуются высокими показателями адекватности исходным данным и могут быть полезны при оценке углероддепонирующей способности ивовых насаждений.
The lands that came out of agricultural use in Russia after the 1990s are intensively overgrown naturally with such species as willow, alder, etc., and their contribution to the carbon budget of the forest cover is unknown. To assess the carbon depositing capacity of forests, allometric models of tree biomass are being actively developed, especially relevant for mixed forests. In Russia, the only allometric models for goat willow biomass were constructed according to V. V. Smirnov (1971) data obtained in the subzones of the middle taiga and coniferous-deciduous forests. The aim of our research was to obtain experimental data on the structure of the aboveground biomass of willow growing in the conditions of the northern taiga of the Arkhangelsk region, and to develop allometric models for its fractions. Allometric models are proposed for fractions of the aboveground biomass of willow trees, which are characterized by high indicators of adequacy to the initial data and can be useful in assessing the carbon depositing capacity of willow plantations.
Inositol for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: A Potential Opportunity for Advocacy in Global Pediatric Neurosurgery
Authors: Shlobin Nathan A , Winterhalter Emily , DeCuypere Michael , Lam Sandi 
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Aproximadamente el 70-80% de los defectos del tubo neural (DTN) responden al folato. El mioinositol se ha identificado cada vez más como una posible solución para tratar los defectos del tubo neural que no responden al folato. Brindamos una breve reseña de la evidencia existente sobre el papel del mioinositol en la prevención de los NTD y describimos su papel en los esfuerzos de promoción centrados en la prevención de los NTD.

Métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa.

Resultados:Los datos existentes sobre la eficacia de la suplementación con inositol están limitados por los tamaños de muestra bajos y los diseños de estudio principalmente observacionales. Aunque los esfuerzos de promoción con respecto a las NTD se han centrado en la fortificación y la suplementación con folato, vale la pena examinar los datos sobre la ingesta de inositol. Después de revisar los datos, planteamos que sería necesario cumplir una serie de criterios incluso antes de considerar la promoción y la política. Primero, el peso de la evidencia debe favorecer el aumento de la ingesta de inositol. En segundo lugar, debe demostrarse la rentabilidad de la política de inositol. Tercero, la política debe ser políticamente viable. En cuarto lugar, se debe generar prioridad política para la política. En quinto lugar, se debe generar una sinergia entre los esfuerzos de política de folato existentes y los esfuerzos de política de inositol. Después de examinar esa serie de criterios,

Conclusión: el inositol puede representar una vía para reducir la prevalencia de nacimientos de defectos del tubo neural que no responden al folato. Dadas sus funciones clínicas en el tratamiento de la espina bífida y los defectos del tubo neural, los neurocirujanos también son fundamentales para los esfuerzos de promoción en la prevención.
Educating the Next Generation of Global Neurosurgeons: Education for Medical Students Interested in Global Pediatric Neurosurgery
Authors: Shlobin Nathan A , Sharma Shelly , DeCuypere Michael G , Lam Sandi 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Education is a critical component of global pediatric neurosurgery with increasing attention being placed on the role of medical students in global neurosurgery. We provide a background of education for medical students interested in global pediatric neurosurgery, present existing pediatric neurosurgery resources with a focus on virtual modalities, and describe the need to create accessible resources for medical students.

Methods: A narrative and anecdotal review was performed.

Results: Education of medical students regarding pediatric neurosurgery is particularly important due to multidisciplinary collaboration and advocacy. Benefits of virtual education include accessibility across the world, convenience, easily updatable nature, incorporation of multimedia, minimal cost, and personalization. Existing online resources include courses focused on medical webinars, general courses, on-demand content, journals, online simulation, and social media. Few resources focused exclusively on medical students exist in pediatric neurosurgery, and none address the intersection of pediatric neurosurgery and global neurosurgery. Additional educational resources that incorporate neurosurgical knowledge with special applicability to the medical student population will capture the interest of medical students, while those incorporating global health elements will develop a commitment to global neurosurgery.

Conclusion: Education of medical students is important for the sustainability of global pediatric neurosurgery. The development of educational resources for medical students interested in global pediatric neurosurgery should be encouraged.
Barriers to Spina Bifida Care in Benin: A Single-Center Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bankole Nourou Dine A , Alihonou Thierry , Agbo-Panzo Martial , Hode Luphin , Fopa Stephane , Kakpo Marcel , Shlobin Nathan A , Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney , Rosseau Gail 
Published: January 2023

Introduction
Spina bifida (SB) is one of the common birth defects of the spinal cord and leads to permanent disability for newborns and young children. The management of this condition has faced barriers in the Republic of Benin. We aimed to assess the current prevalence of SB, management, in Benin, as well as the availability of pediatric neurosurgery in Benin.

Methods
SB patients admitted at the authors’ institution between January 2018 and August 2021 were included. Demographics, access to care, and therapeutic data were extracted from patient records.

Results
Forty patients aged 99 days (95% CI:5.9-192.1) were included. Most were male (24, 60%), 23 (57.5%) experienced a delay in diagnosis after birth ranged from 5 days - 7months and 28 (70%) could not afford neuroimaging. Most lesions were lumbosacral (n=23, 57.5%). Five patients had comorbidities, the most prevalent of which was club foot (4, 10%). Twenty-two patients (55%) had surgery repair, and the admission-to-surgery delay ranged from 2 days - 2 years. Sixteen patients (40%) required a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, and they were more likely to experience delays (OR=11.67, 95% CI:2.14-63.64, p=0.02). Three patients died (7.5%), and one developed meningitis (2.5%).

Conclusion
SB care in Benin remains suboptimal due to the lack of access to care, and cultural barriers like the belief in a curse of the gods, or infidelity of the woman.
The delay between care and the diagnosis is long because of the unavailability of time and cost of neuro-imaging, cost of the device, and consumables for surgery.
Outcomes at Discharge of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (pTBI) in Western Uganda: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kitya David , Najjuma Josephine Nambi Najjuma , Punchak Maria , Nakaziba Zaina , Haglund Michael M. , Fuller Anthony T. 
Published: January 2023

Background: The objective of this study was to describe pediatric TBI patients presenting to one regional referral hospital in Uganda and identify factors that contribute to unfavorable outcomes.
Methods: This study was a prospective, observational cohort study conducted at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH). Favorable outcomes were defined as any patient who was either discharged from the hospital or had a Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) greater or equal to four. Unfavorable outcomes were defined as any patient who died or had a GOS of three or less. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes.
Results: A total of 560 pediatric TBI patients were included in this study with males making up 65.5% (n=367) of all patients. The main etiology was Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) (n=372, 66.4%) with the majority being injured as pedestrians (n=271, 48.4%). Unfavorable outcomes were associated with bilaterally abnormal pupils (OR 22.39, 2.98-168.11 CI, p-value 0.003), incontinence (OR 19.01, 5.37-67.33 CI, p-value <0.001), need for ICU care (OR 12.17, 5.47-27.08 CI, p-value <0.001), and a severe Glascow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission (OR 11.25, 4.01-31.58 CI, p-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Demographic characteristics reflected trends seen around the world and highlighted that RTA, specifically involving pediatric patients as pedestrians, is a major driver of pTBI cases. TBI severity on presentation correlated with unfavorable outcomes reinforcing the need for rapid triage protocols and access to the necessary human and physical resources to appropriately manage pTBI.
DIFFICULTIES OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED VIETNAMESE MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES ON THE ISSUE OF ACCESS TO FINANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 EPIDEMIC
Authors: Dr. Dao Truong Thanh  
Published: January 2023

The Covid-19 impacts businesses in Vietnam in many ways. Most enterprises said that the Covid-19 epidemic had affected customer access, directly affecting the cash flow and the enterprises' labor and labor issues. As one of the components constituting the whole of the economy, enterprises, especially small and medium enterprises, with the number of establishments always have fluctuations, accounting for a large number and majority of the enterprise development structure in Vietnam. It requires enterprises to identify difficulties before the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic so that they can adjust their direction and develop to limit the effects of the Covid-19 epidemic. The article identifies the difficulties of Vietnam's small and medium manufacturing enterprises based on which solutions are provided to the problem of access to finance for small and medium manufacturing enterprises in the context of the Covid–19 epidemic.
Keywords: Enterprises, Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises, Finance, Covid -19 Epidemic.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Rini Dwi Astuti  , Purwiyanta  , Didit Welly Udjianto  
Published: January 2023

The development of the digital economy today has proliferated along with the development of information technology. Economic digitization can affect international trade and financial inclusion, which in turn affects economic growth. How the digital economy can affect economic growth is the focus of this research. The analytical tool used is panel data analysis of 10 countries in the Southeast Asia region in 2017-2021. The results show that economic digitization is more likely to affect financial inclusion than international trade in encouraging economic growth in the Southeast Asian region.
Keywords: Digital Economy, International Trade, Financial Inclusion, Economic Growth.
Phytoplankton reaction to an intense storm in the north-western Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Barrillon Stéphanie , Fuchs Robin , Petrenko Anne A. , Comby Caroline , Bosse Anthony , Yohia Christophe , Fuda Jean-Luc , Bhairy Nagib , Cyr Frédéric , Doglioli Andrea M. , Grégori Gérald , Tzortzis Roxane , d'Ovidio Francesco , Thyssen Melilotus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The study of extreme weather events and their impact on ocean physics and biogeochemistry is challenging due to the difficulty involved with collecting in situ
data. However, recent research has pointed out the major influence of such physical forcing events on microbiological organisms. Moreover, the occurrence of such intense
events may increase in the future in the context of global change. In May 2019, an intense storm occurred in the Ligurian Sea (north-western
Mediterranean Sea) and was captured during the FUMSECK (Facilities for Updating the Mediterranean Submesoscale – Ecosystem Coupling Knowledge) cruise. In situ multi-platform (vessel-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler, thermosalinometer,
fluorometer, flow cytometer, a moving vessel profiler equipped with a multi-sensor towed vehicle, and a glider) measurements along with satellite data and a
3D atmospheric model were used to characterise the fine-scale dynamics occurring in the impacted oceanic zone. The most affected area was marked
by a lower water temperature (1 ∘C colder), a factor of 2 increase in surface chlorophyll a, and a factor of 7 increase in the nitrate
concentration, exhibiting strong gradients with respect to the surrounding waters. Our results show that this storm led to a deepening of the mixed-layer depth from 15 to 50 m and a dilution of the deep chlorophyll maximum. As a result, the surface biomass of most phytoplankton groups
identified by automated flow cytometry increased by up to a factor of 2. Conversely, the carbon / chlorophyll ratio of most phytoplankton groups
decreased by a factor of 2, evidencing significant changes in the phytoplankton cell composition. These results suggest that the role of storms
on the biogeochemistry and ecology of the Mediterranean Sea may be underestimated and highlight the need for high-resolution
measurements during these events coupling physics and biology.
Dimethyl sulfide cycling in the sea surface microlayer in the southwestern Pacific – Part 1: Enrichment potential determined using a novel sampler
Authors: Saint-Macary Alexia D. , Marriner Andrew , Barthelmeß Theresa , Deppeler Stacy , Safi Karl , Costa Santana Rafael , Harvey Mike , Law Cliff S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Elevated dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentrations in the sea
surface microlayer (SML) have been previously related to DMS air–sea flux
anomalies in the southwestern Pacific. To further address this, DMS, its
precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and ancillary variables were
sampled in the SML and also subsurface water at 0.5 m depth (SSW) in
different water masses east of New Zealand. Despite high phytoplankton
biomass at some stations, the SML chlorophyll a enrichment factor (EF) was low
(< 1.06), and DMSP was enriched at one
station with DMSP EF ranging from 0.81 to 1.25. DMS in the SML was
determined using a novel gas-permeable tube technique which measured
consistently higher concentrations than with the traditional glass plate
technique; however, significant DMS enrichment was present at only one station,
with the EF ranging from 0.40 to 1.22. SML DMSP and DMS were influenced by
phytoplankton community composition, with correlations with dinoflagellate
and Gymnodinium biomass, respectively. DMSP and DMS concentrations were also correlated
between the SML and SSW, with the difference in ratio attributable to
greater DMS loss to the atmosphere from the SML. In the absence of significant enrichment, DMS in the SML did not
influence DMS emissions, with the calculated air–sea
DMS flux of 2.28 to 11.0 µmol m−2 d−1 consistent with
climatological estimates for the region. These results confirm previous
regional observations that DMS is associated with dinoflagellate abundance
but indicate that additional factors are required to support significant enrichment
in the SML.