bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a hospital policy to redistribute admission flow across clinical services for capacity relief during COVID‐19 surges
Authors: Safavi Kyan C. , Copenhaver Martin S. , Moore Amber , Bravard Marjory A. , Britton O'Neil , Dunn Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIncreased hospital admissions due to COVID‐19 place a disproportionate strain on inpatient general medicine service (GMS) capacity compared to other services.ObjectiveTo study the impact on capacity and safety of a hospital‐wide policy to redistribute admissions from GMS to non‐GMS based on admitting diagnosis during surge periods.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective case‐controlled study at a large teaching hospital. The intervention included adult patients admitted to general care wards during two surge periods (January–February 2021 and 2022) whose admission diagnosis was impacted by the policy. The control cohort included admissions during a matched number of days preceding the intervention.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCapacity measures included average daily admissions and hospital census occupied on GMS. Safety measures included length of stay (LOS) and adverse outcomes (death, rapid response, floor‐to‐intensive care unit transfer, and 30‐day readmission).ResultsIn the control cohort, there were 365 encounters with 299 (81.9%) GMS admissions and 66 (18.1%) non‐GMS versus the intervention with 384 encounters, including 94 (24.5%) GMS admissions and 290 (75.5%) non‐GMS (p < .001). The average GMS census decreased from 17.9 and 21.5 during control periods to 5.5 and 8.5 during intervention periods. An interrupted time series analysis confirmed a decrease in GMS daily admissions (p < .001) and average daily hospital census (p = .014; p < .001). There were no significant differences in LOS (5.9 vs. 5.9 days, p = .059) or adverse outcomes (53, 14.5% vs. 63, 16.4%; p = .482).ConclusionAdmission redistribution based on diagnosis is a safe lever to reduce capacity strain on GMS during COVID‐19 surges.
Effect of Patient and Family Centered I‐PASS on adverse event rates in hospitalized children with complex chronic conditions
Authors: Kuzma Nicholas , Khan Alisa , Rickey Lisa , Hall Matt , Ramotar Matthew , Spector Nancy D. , Landrigan Christopher P. , Srivastava Rajendu , Berry Jay G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildren with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) are at risk for adverse events (AEs) during hospitalizations.ObjectiveWe compared the effect of Patient and Family Centered (PFC)I‐PASS on AE rates in children with and without CCCs.Designs, Settings, and ParticipantsPatients were drawn from the PFCI‐PASS study, which included 3106 hospitalized children from seven North American pediatric hospitals between December 2014 and January 2017.Main Outcome and MeasuresAn effect modification analysis did not show difference in the intervention on children with and without CCCs (RRR 0.81, 95% CI [0.59‐1.10]; p = .2).ResultsIn multivariable analysis, the adjusted incidence rate ratiofor AEs in children with CCCs was 0.5 (95% CI = 0.3‐0.9, p = .01) with PFC I‐PASS exposure; there was no statistically significant change in AEs for children without CCCs [IRR 0.6 (95% CI = 0.3‐1.2; p = .1)].
Supplier bottleneck and information dissemination
Authors: Li Meng , Li Yue , Zhang Yang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the capacity decisions of complementary suppliers who produce different components of a final product. The suppliers solicit private forecast information from a buyer who has more precise information regarding the market as compared to the suppliers. In this context, the lowest capacity built among suppliers—termed as effective capacity—represents the bottleneck of a supply chain, which in turn determines the throughput of the entire channel. The standard analysis based on full rationality posits that the capacity decisions of suppliers are based on their prior belief of demand, with no consideration of the buyer's information dissemination or the number of peer suppliers. We test the predictions experimentally, and our laboratory observations reject the prediction of rational model. Then, we develop a behavioral model based on suppliers' heterogeneity in the processing of demand information provided by the buyer. Our behavioral model indicates that suppliers lower their capacity levels when the number of suppliers increases, thereby exacerbating the supplier bottleneck. While the buyer may exaggerate the market demand to ensure abundant supply, interestingly, the inflation can benefit suppliers by increasing their capacity levels. In this manner, the inflation of the buyer can serve to mitigate the supplier bottleneck, thereby resulting in a win–win outcome for both the suppliers and the buyer.
Oil body extraction from high‐fat and high‐protein soybeans by laccase cross‐linked beet pectin: physicochemical and oxidation properties
Authors: Zhao Xu , Wang Kaili , Dou Nianxu , Zhao Huanyu , Hou Dongdong , Wei Xuan , Jiang Zhanmei , Hou Juncai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoybean oil bodies (SOB) are droplets of natural emulsified oil. Soybean oil emulsifies well but it is easily oxidized during storage. Beet pectin is a complex anionic polysaccharide, which can be adsorbed on the surface of liposomes to improve their resistance to flocculation. Laccase can covalently cross‐link ferulic acid in beet pectin, and its structure is irreversible, which can improve the stability of polysaccharides.RESULTSAt pH 2.5, laccase cross‐linked beet pectin high‐oil soybean oil body (HOSOB) and high‐protein soybean oil body (HPSOB) emulsions showed obvious aggregation and severe stratification, and the oxidation of the emulsions was also high. The flocculation of emulsions decreased with an increase in the pH. The effect of pH on the flocculation of emulsion was confirmed by confocal laser electron microscopy. The ζ potential, emulsification, and rheological shear force increased with increasing pH whereas the particle size and surface hydrophobicity decreased with increasing pH.CONCLUSIONThis experiment indicates that the physicochemical stability of the two composite emulsions was strongly affected under acidic conditions but stable under neutral and weakly alkaline conditions. Under the same acid‐base conditions, the degree of oxidation of HPSOB composite emulsion changes substantially. The results of this study can provide a basis for the design of very stable emulsions to meet the demand for natural products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Selection of oat (Avena sativa L.) drought‐tolerant genotypes based on multiple yield‐associated traits
Authors: Wen Guoqi , Ma Bao‐Luo , Shi Yichao , Liu Kui , Chen Wen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMost plant breeding and agricultural practices are based on selecting genotypes for yield. However, this is inadequate to screen crop varieties for specific attributes, such as drought tolerance. In this study, we quantified the response of oat (Avena sativa L.) plant physiological and morphological traits to drought stress and selected some key traits to establish a genotype by yield*trait (GYT)‐based method for ranking 30 oat genotypes. The effectiveness of this method was also evaluated under drought conditions.RESULTSWater‐deficit treatment significantly reduced leaf chlorophyll, root morphological traits, groat yield and associated components, such as mean grain weight. We observed that the genotypes ‘JUSTICE’ and ‘BOLINA’ had the smallest and largest yield loss, respectively, after exposure to drought stress, but showed opposite trends in the biomass allocation of roots and grains. This indicated that drought tolerance was highly dependent on the distribution of photoassimilates. Our results also illustrated that the GYT method is a trade‐off approach and more effective in selecting oat ideotypes under drought conditions than the yield‐related index method because it combines yield, yield stability, and related agronomic traits in the calculation process.CONCLUSIONDrought‐tolerant genotypes had more biomass allocated to roots and grains with higher chlorophyll content and better root structure, e.g. longer root lengths than drought‐sensitive lines. By integrating yield and yield‐related traits, the GYT approach is more practical than traditional single‐trait selection methods when assessing drought tolerance. © 2023 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada.
Removing invasive giant reed reshapes desert riparian butterfly and bird communities
Authors: Coffey Julie E. , Pomara Lars Y. , Mackey Heather L. , Wood Eric M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGiant reed (Arundo donax) is a prevalent invasive plant in desert riparian ecosystems that threatens wildlife habitat. From 2008 to 2018, under a United States–Mexico partnership, prescribed burns and herbicide applications were used to remove giant reed and promote native revegetation along the Rio Grande—Río Bravo floodplain in west Texas, USA, and Mexico. Our goal was to explore the effects of the removal efforts on butterfly and bird communities and their habitat along the United States portion of the Rio Grande—Río Bravo floodplain in Big Bend National Park, Texas. During spring and summer, 2016–2017, we surveyed butterflies, birds, and their habitat using ground‐collected and remotely sensed data. Using a variety of generalized linear and N‐mixture modeling routines and multivariate analyses, we found that the initial giant reed removal efforts removed key components of riparian habitat leading to reduced butterfly and bird communities. Within several years following management, giant reed levels remained low, while riparian habitat conditions and butterfly and bird communities largely rebounded, including many disturbance‐sensitive butterfly species and riparian‐associated bird species. Butterflies were most consistently associated with forb and grass cover, and birds with a remotely sensed index of greenness (the normalized difference vegetation index), several vegetation cover types, and habitat heterogeneity, habitat elements that were most common in locations that had the longest time to recover following management actions. Our results suggest that prescribed burns and herbicide applications, when used following protocols to minimize risk to wildlife, can limit the spread of giant reed in desert riparian systems and introduce habitat conditions that support diverse and abundant butterfly and bird communities.
Embolization in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Diaz Ashley , Wang Esther , Bujnowski Daniel , Arimoto Ryuji , Armstrong Mikhayla , Cyberski Thomas , Nordgren Rachel , Seal Stella M. , Kass‐Hout Tareq , Roxbury Christopher 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo compare outcomes of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) resection between embolized and non‐embolized cohorts, and between transarterial embolization (TAE) and direct puncture embolization (DPE).Data SourcesPer PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for publications prior to or in 2021.Materials and MethodsOriginal English manuscripts investigating the resection of JNA with and without preoperative embolization were included. Embolization type, recurrence rate, complication rates, blood loss, and transfusions were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed by the Risk of Bias in Non‐randomized Studies—of Interventions method.ResultsThere were 61 studies with 917 patients included. Preoperative embolization was performed in 79.3% of patients. Of those embolized, 75.8% (N = 551) underwent TAE and 15.8% (N = 115) underwent DPE. JNA recurrence in embolized patients was lower than in non‐embolized patients (9.3% vs. 14.4%; odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35, 1.06). DPE resulted in lower rates of disease recurrence (0% vs. 9.5%; OR: 0.066, 95% CI: 0.016, 0.272) and complications (1.8% vs. 21.9%; OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.3) than TAE. A random effects Bayesian model was performed to analyze the difference in mean blood loss in 6 studies that included both embolized and non‐embolized patients. This analysis showed a mean reduction in blood loss of 798 mL in the embolized group.ConclusionsWe found embolization decreases blood loss in JNA resection. DPE led to improved recurrence and complication rates when compared to TAE, but future prospective studies are needed to further evaluate which embolization technique can optimize outcomes in JNA.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:1529–1539, 2023
The étale open topology over the fraction field of a Henselian local domain
Authors: Johnson Will , Walsberg Erik , Ye Jinhe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSuppose that R is a local domain with fraction field K. If R is Henselian, then the R‐adic topology over K refines the étale open topology. If R is regular, then the étale open topology over K refines the R‐adic topology. In particular, the étale open topology over agrees with the ‐adic topology for any field L and .
HIF‐1α mediates CXCR4 transcription to activate the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and augment the viability and migration of activated B cell‐like diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma cells
Authors: Jin Zhen , Xiang Rufang , Dai Jianmin , Wang Yefei , Xu Zizhen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoid malignancy with a high relapse rate. We previously found that C‐X‐C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) was highly expressed in DLBCL and associated with poor prognosis. This study focused on the effect of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) on CXCR4 expression and the DLBCL progression. Two activated B cell‐like DLBCL cell lines Ly‐3 and SUDHL2 were transfected with overexpression and knockdown plasmids or HIF‐1α. The viability and migration of DLBCL cells were significantly increased under hypoxic conditions, or upon HIF‐1α overexpression under normoxic conditions, but the HIF‐1α downregulation led to inverse trends. However, the promoting effects of HIF‐1α overexpression on DLBCL cells were suppressed by Plerixafor (a CXCR4 inhibitor). The luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that HIF‐1α bound to the functional site HRE1 on CXCR4 promoter to activate its transcription. HIF‐1α‐mediated CXCR4 activation further led to increased phosphorylation of AKT/mTOR under hypoxic conditions. Taken together, this work reports that HIF‐1α promotes viability and migration of activated B cell‐like cells under hypoxia, which might involve the transcription of CXCR4 and the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway. The finding may provide novel lights in the management of DCBCL.
The combined effect of metformin and mirabegron on diet‐induced obesity
Authors: Zhao Xin‐Yuan , Liu Ying , Zhang Xuan , Zhao Ben‐Chi , Burley George , Yang Zhi‐Can , Luo Yi , Li An‐Qi , Zhang Ruo‐Xin , Liu Zhi‐Ying , Shi Yan‐Chuan , Wang Qiao‐Ping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnti‐obesity medications act by suppressing energy intake (EI), promoting energy expenditure (EE), or both. Metformin (Met) and mirabegron (Mir) cause weight loss by targeting EI and EE, respectively. However, anti‐obesity effects during concurrent use of both have yet to be explored. In this study, we investigated the anti‐obesity effects, metabolic benefits, and underlying mechanisms of Met/Mir combination therapy in two clinically relevant contexts: the prevention model and the treatment model. In the prevention model, Met/Mir caused further 12% and 14% reductions in body weight (BW) gain induced by a high‐fat diet compared to Met or Mir alone, respectively. In the treatment model, Met/Mir additively promoted 17% BW loss in diet‐induced obese mice, which was 13% and 6% greater than Met and Mir alone, respectively. Additionally, Met/Mir improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. These benefits of Met/Mir were associated with increased EE, activated brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, and white adipose tissue browning. Significantly, Met/Mir did not cause cardiovascular dysfunction in either model. Together, the combination of Met and Mir could be a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity by targeting both EI and EE simultaneously.
Whole‐exome sequencing: Clinical characterization of pediatric and adult Italian patients affected by different forms of hereditary cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Lenarduzzi Stefania , Spedicati Beatrice , Alessandrini Beatrice , Tesolin Paola , Paldino Alessia , Gigli Marta , Sinagra Gianfranco , Gasparini Paolo , Ferro Matteo Dal , Girotto Giorgia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundHereditary cardiovascular diseases comprise several different entities. In this study, we focused on cardiomyopathies (i.e., hypertrophic, dilated, arrhythmogenic, and left ventricular non‐compaction), channelopathies (i.e., Brugada syndrome and long QT syndrome), and aortopathies and pulmonary arterial hypertension (i.e., thoracic/abdominal aortic aneurysm and pulmonary arterial hypertension), and genetically characterized 200 Italian patients affected by these diseases.MethodsWe employed whole‐exome sequencing (WES), focused on four in silico gene panels, and the MLPA method for hypertrophic and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy cases.ResultsCardiomyopathies affected 87.5% of analyzed patients, channelopathies 7%, and aortopathies and pulmonary arterial hypertension 5.5%. The molecular diagnosis was confirmed for 21.5% of cases with a higher detection rate in familial forms (34%) than sporadic ones (14%). We highlighted the importance of family segregation to better understand the pathogenic role of the identified variants and their involvement in the clinical phenotype. Negative results could be ascribed to the high genetic and clinical heterogeneity of hereditary cardiovascular diseases; clinical follow‐up and revaluation of WES data will be essential.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of a multi‐step approach (WES and MLPA) to characterize hereditary cardiovascular diseases, provides crucial information for clinical management and recurrence risk estimation, and lays the foundation for future personalized therapies.
Differential symptom weighting in estimating empirical thresholds for underlying PTSD severity: Toward a “platinum” standard for diagnosis?
Authors: Morgan‐López Antonio A. , Saavedra Lissette M. , Hien Denise A. , Norman Sonya B. , Fitzpatrick Skye S. , Ye Ai , Killeen Therese K. , Ruglass Lesia M. , Blakey Shannon M. , Back Sudie E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveSymptom counts as the basis for Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) diagnoses in the DSM presume each symptom is equally reflective of underlying disorder severity. However, the “equal weight” assumption fails to fit PTSD symptom data when tested. The present study developed an enhanced PTSD diagnosis based on (a) a conventional PTSD diagnosis from a clinical interview and (b) an empirical classification of full PTSD that reflected the relative clinical weights of each symptom.MethodBaseline structured interview data from Project Harmony (N = 2658) was used. An enhanced diagnosis for full PTSD was estimated using an empirical threshold from moderated nonlinear factor analysis (MNLFA) latent PTSD scale scores, in combination with a full conventional PTSD diagnosis based on interview data.ResultsOne in 4 patients in the sample had a PTSD diagnosis that was inconsistent with their empirical PTSD grouping, such that the enhanced diagnostic standard reduced the diagnostic discrepancy rate by 20%. Veterans, and in particular female Veterans, were at greatest odds for discrepancy between their underlying PTSD severity and DSM diagnosis.ConclusionPsychometric methodologies that differentially weight symptoms can complement DSM criteria and may serve as a platform for symptom prioritization for diagnoses in future editions of DSM.
Testing of a GPR equipment to assess the integrity condition of a subway tunnel located under groundwater level
Authors: Lombardi Federico , Lualdi Maurizio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDetermining the condition of underground concrete tunnels is fundamental for ensuring continuity and safety of operations, as well as for deploying efficient maintenance plans. The increased traffic volumes in early infrastructures, which are characterized by outdated construction techniques and potential approximated realization, as well as rising groundwater levels due to variations in urban industrialization patterns, are among the main causes of current concerns regarding their performance. Such uncertainties and constraints push towards the use of non‐destructive techniques, rather than direct methods, to gather the required knowledge on the actual status of structures. This study presents the results of a ground penetrating radar (GPR) investigation carried out in a subway tunnel segment to characterize the thickness of its underlying concrete elements, namely the tunnel invert and the concrete filling, deemed necessary after relevant flooding events prompted the evaluation of its overall integrity condition. A preliminary step was performed to define the optimal frequency and polarimetric antenna configuration, given the resolution and penetration requirements and considering the high electromagnetic interference characterizing the site. The selected configuration was then assembled in a dedicated survey platform, and an entire 650 m long segment surveyed, producing a high resolution delineation of the concrete elements thickness. The accuracy of the estimation has been validated through nine core samples, demonstrating the reliability and consistency of the conceptualized GPR platform.
Creating the theatrical learning environment in the educational setting
Authors: Chang Bo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTheater uses drama and conflict to stimulate audience's emotions taking advantage of the fact that emotions can trigger people to achieve a desired learning result. Creating a theatrical learning environment enables learners to actively participate in knowledge creation in an entertaining environment. In this paper, I will use a conference session as a case to discuss how to create an interactive theatrical environment to promote active learning and participation among learners and the audience. Finally, I will reflect on the challenges of creating such a theatric learning environment and provide recommendations for practice.