bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoregulated and Non-Autoregulated Blood Flow Restriction on Acute
Arterial Stiffness
Authors: Rolnick Nicholas , Licameli Nicholas , Moghaddam Masoud , Marquette Lisa , Walter Jessica , Fedorko Brent , Werner Tim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the acute effects of autoregulated and
non-autoregulated applied pressures during blood flow restriction resistance
exercise to volitional fatigue on indices of arterial stiffness using the Delfi
Personalized Tourniquet System. Following a randomized autoregulated or
non-autoregulated blood flow restriction familiarization session, 20 physically
active adults (23±5 years; 7 females) participated in three randomized
treatment-order sessions with autoregulated and non-autoregulated and no blood
flow restriction training. Participants performed four sets of dumbbell wall
squats to failure using 20% of one repetition maximum. Blood flow
restriction was performed with 60% of supine limb occlusion pressure.
Testing before and post-session included an ultrasonic scan of the carotid
artery, applanation tonometry, and blood pressure acquisition.Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity increased in the non-autoregulated and no
blood flow restriction training groups following exercise while carotid-radial
pulse wave velocity increased in the no blood flow restriction training group
(all p<0.05). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity exhibited an
interaction effect between autoregulated and non-autoregulated blood flow
restriction in favor of autoregulated blood flow restriction (p<0.05).
Autoregulated blood flow restriction training does not influence indices of
arterial stiffness while non-autoregulated and no blood flow restriction
training increases central stiffness.
Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkynylation of Oxabicyclic Alkenes
Authors: Zhao Yu , Huang Yuan , Wei Lin-Wen , Ma Zhan-Cai , Wang Zhao-Qing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEfficient access to enantioenriched cyclic homopropargylic alcohols through an unprecedented cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric alkynylation of oxabicyclic alkenes has been developed. By using inexpensive cobalt salt/chiral bisphosphine ligand as the catalyst and easy-to-handle potassium alkynyltrifluoroborates as the nucleophile, synthetically valuable homopropargylic alcohols are obtained in moderate to good yields and high enantioselectivities.
Practices in the Management of Incidental Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Varshney Peeyush , Nagar Anand , Sarin Shashwat , Venkatatelikicherla Krishnavardhan , Tomar Maunil , Choubey R.P , Sharma Ajay , Kapoor V.K 
Published: August 2023

Background Histopathology of gallbladder removed for stones may reveal incidental gallbladder cancer (iGBC). We conducted this online e-survey to document the knowledge and practices of management of iGBC among surgeons in India.
Methods A 38-question online e-survey
Results Two-hundred thirty responses were recorded. Ninety-eight out of two-hundred (49%) responses were general surgeons. Two-hundred ten out of two-hundred twenty-one (95%) saw at least one iGBC per year, but only 74/225 (32%) correctly defined true iGBC. One-hundred seventy-eight out of two hundred twenty-two (80%) did computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging for thick-walled gallbladder (GB) detected on ultrasound, while 25/222 (11%) did laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 14/222 (6%) did open cholecystectomy. For GB mass on laparoscopy, 16/222 (7%) responses went ahead with simple cholecystectomy. Seventy-four out of two-hundred twenty-five (32%) responses routinely used bag while extracting GB. One-hundred ninety-one out of two-hundred twenty-five (86%) mentioned about stone/bile spill, 121/220 (55%) mentioned about use of bag for extraction while 137/220 62% mentioned port used for extraction of GB in operation notes. One-hundred sixty-six out of two-hundred twenty-seven (73%) always cut open GB after cholecystectomy. On encountering a mass/lesion on cut open GB, 111/225 (49%) sent it for frozen section, 89/225 (40%) sent for routine histopathology while 10% (22/225) directly proceeded for extended cholecystectomy. Ten out of two-hundred twenty-seven (4.4%) did not consider it important to send GB for histopathology. T stage on histopathology is most important factor for deciding reoperation by 205/223 (91%).
Conclusion There are lacunae in understanding and deficiencies in management of iGBC in India—a high GBC incidence country. The situation is likely to be worse in low GBC incidence areas. There is need for more awareness and knowledge for proper management of iGBC among surgeons.
Evaluation and Medical Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain
Authors: Carey Erin T. , McClurg Asha B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a challenging condition affecting an estimated 15% of females in the United States. Multiorgan system dysfunction results in the complex clinical pain presentation. Similar to other chronic pain syndromes, CPP is influenced by biopsychosocial factors and requires a multimodal approach for optimal pain management. This review summarizes the clinical evaluation and medical management of CPP with a comprehensive approach.
Stage IV Rectal Cancer and Timing of Surgical Approach
Authors: Panni Roheena Z. , D'Angelica Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLiver metastases are seen in at least 60% of patients with colorectal cancer at some point during the course of their disease. The management of both primary and liver disease is uniquely challenging in rectal cancer due to competing treatments and complex sequence of treatments depending on the clinical presentation of disease. Recently, several novel concepts are shaping new treatment paradigms, including changes in timing, sequence, and duration of therapies combined with potential deescalation of treatment components. Overall, the treatment of this clinical scenario mandates multidisciplinary evaluation and personalization of care; however, there is still considerable debate regarding the timing of liver metastasectomy in the context of the overall treatment plan. Herein, we will discuss the current literature on management of rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastasis, current treatment approaches with respect to chemotherapy, and role of hepatic artery infusion therapy.
Surgical Decision-Making in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Steinberger Allie E. , Westfal Maggie L. , Wise Paul E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disorder affecting patients with germline mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene. The surgical treatment of colorectal disease in FAP, which has the goal of colorectal cancer prevention, varies based on both patient and disease factors but can include the following: total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis, proctocolectomy with stapled or hand-sewn ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, or total proctocolectomy with end ileostomy. The operative options and extent of resection, as well as the use of endoscopy and chemoprevention for the management of polyposis, will be discussed in detail in this article. In addition, commonly debated management decisions related to the treatment of patients with FAP, including the timing of prophylactic colorectal resections for patients with FAP and management of the polyp burden in the rectum, will be discussed. Finally, genotype considerations and the impact of desmoid disease on operative decisions in the setting of FAP will also be reviewed.
Updates on the Surgical Approach to Fibroids: The Importance of Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Kwon Caroline S. , Abu-Alnadi Noor Dasouki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUterine fibroids are the most common benign neoplasm of the female pelvis and have a lifetime prevalence exceeding 80% among African American women and approaching 70% among Caucasian women. Approximately 50% of women with fibroids experience symptoms which can range from heavy menstrual bleeding and bulk-related symptoms such as pelvic pressure with bladder and bowel dysfunction to reproductive dysfunction (e.g., infertility or obstetric complications) and pain. The choice of treatment is primarily guided by the type of symptoms in the individual patient and whether they prefer to retain fertility. While hysterectomy provides definitive resolution of fibroid symptoms and remains the most common treatment option, this procedure is invasive with a long recovery window. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is now emerging as a uterine preserving and minimally invasive therapy for symptomatic fibroids. Since its introduction, growing evidence for safety and efficacy of RFA has been generated with low rates of complications. This review will discuss RFA for the management of symptomatic uterine fibroids with a special focus on technical approaches, short- and long-term outcomes including fertility outcomes.
Overview of the Enteric Nervous System
Authors: Mawe Gary M. , Sanders Kenton M. , Camilleri Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPropulsion of contents in the gastrointestinal tract requires coordinated functions of the extrinsic nerves to the gut from the brain and spinal cord, as well as the neuromuscular apparatus within the gut. The latter includes excitatory and inhibitory neurons, pacemaker cells such as the interstitial cells of Cajal and fibroblast-like cells, and smooth muscle cells. Coordination between these extrinsic and enteric neurons results in propulsive functions which include peristaltic reflexes, migrating motor complexes in the small intestine which serve as the housekeeper propelling to the colon the residual content after digestion, and mass movements in the colon which lead to defecation.
Biomechanical Comparison of Double 2.3-mm Headless Cannulated Self-Compression Screws and Single 3.5-mm Cortical Screw in Lag Fashion in a Canine Sacroiliac Luxation Model: A Small Dog Cadaveric Study
Authors: Kang AhRan , Lee Haebeom , Lee Arim , Roh Yoonho , Sim Bokyun , Jeong Jaemin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of safe positioning of double 2.3-mm headless cannulated self-compression screws (HCS) in a small dog cadaveric sacroiliac luxation model and to compare the static rotational biomechanical properties of fixation repaired using two different screw systems with a minimally invasive osteosynthesis technique: double 2.3-mm HCS and a single 3.5-mm standard cortical screw placed in a lag fashion.
Study Design A unilateral small dog sacroiliac luxation model was stabilized using double 2.3-mm HCS (n = 11) or a single 3.5-mm cortical screw (n = 11). Radiographic and computed tomography (CT) imaging analyses and biomechanical testing of rotational force on the sacroiliac joint of both fixations were performed. The maximum load at failure and failure modes of each fixation were recorded and compared.
Results Fluoroscopically guided percutaneous application of double HCS was safe in a unilateral sacroiliac luxation model in small dogs without violation of the vertebral and ventral sacral foramen. Furthermore, resistance to rotational force applied on fixation of the sacroiliac joint repaired with double 2.3-mm HCS estimated by maximum failure load was significantly higher than that of a single 3.5-mm cortical screw (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Although this was an experimental cadaveric study, based on our results, the use of smaller double HCS may be beneficial as an alternative to the conventional single lag screw for stabilization of sacroiliac luxation in small dogs.
Awareness of Basic Life Support among Speech and Hearing Professionals
Authors: Suman Ankita , Neupane Anuj Kumar , Chowdhury Arpita Singha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction One of the most important aspects of happiness is one's health. Increased industrialization in developing nations has contributed to a change in disease patterns away from infectious illness as the major cause of morbidity and mortality toward chronic diseases such as heart disease and trauma. Most emergency circumstances need immediate medical attention before a person is taken to the hospital; therefore, public awareness and training programs can aid in providing efficient basic life support care and services. Only a few works of literature on basic life support and prehospital emergency care in an Indian context are available and are usually studied among school teachers. However, no comparable research including allied health experts such as speech and hearing professionals has yet been published in the literature.
Aim The present study aimed at exploring the awareness of speech and hearing professionals regarding basic life support in an Indian context.
Methods The questionnaire consisted of two sections where section A comprised 6 questions related to demographic details and participant's experience, and section B composed of 17 questions related to knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects. A cross-sectional exploratory study design was conducted on 250 participants. Out of 250 responses, 42 of them were incomplete and so were removed from the study. Therefore, a total of 208 complete responses received from the participants in the age range of 22 to 60 years from across 23 states and 1 union territory of India were included in the study.
Results The result revealed a low percentage of speech and hearing professionals with an adequate understanding of basic life support. The majority of them were found to have insufficient knowledge of normal bodily physiology, medical emergencies, and first aid and related aspects.
Discussion Being the first of its kind, the present study revealed limited awareness about basic life support among professionals, and therefore, the need to improvise the knowledge of basic life support and prehospital emergency care. This may be achieved by introducing training programs of various natures and dimensions to speech and hearing professionals.
Knowledge and attitude toward the practice of circular economy in conjunction with biomedical waste management among dental practitioners and technicians in Belagavi, India
Authors: Santhosh Varkey Nadakkavukaran , Ankola Anil , Sankeshwari Roopali , Jalihal Sagar , Khot Atrey J. Pai , Varghese Anu Sara , Chavan Prajakta 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:Circular economy promotes resource sustainability and has a positive impact on the environment. It helps in the sustainable use of biomedical waste (BMW) that is generated in dental care facilities and laboratories. This article assesses the knowledge and attitude toward the practice of circular economy in conjunction with BMW management among dental practitioners and technicians.Materials and Methods:This study adopted a cross-sectional design. Based on the findings from the pilot study, the sample size was estimated and 640 total participants were included. Reliability of the questionnaire comprising of 23 close-ended questions were assessed with Cronbach’s α value of 0.85, face validity of 84%, and content validity ratio of 0.78.Statistical Analysis:Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, chi-square test, analysis of variance test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression.Results:Mean overall knowledge score was highest among faculty (5.28 T 1.53) and least among technicians (1.88 T 0.84). There was a statistically significant difference in knowledge among the five groups (p< 0.001). Majority of the participants had a positive attitude toward circular economy; however, technicians had the least mean overall attitude scores (7.50 T 1.84). A positive linear correlation was seen between the knowledge and attitude scores. The dependence of various demographic variables on knowledge and attitude was found to be 46.1 and 11.6%, respectively.Conclusions:Dental faculty had significantly higher knowledge compared with other dental practitioners and technicians. However, knowledge on circular economy was below the optimal level among the participants, but all had predominantly favorable attitude toward circular economy.
Are rural accommodation employees able to aspire to transcendent happiness in their work? An exploratory model
Authors: Ravina-Ripoll Rafael , Robina-Ramírez Rafael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we aim to propose formulas based on indicators to develop the transcendent happiness of employees in the tourism industry. Specifically, three factors are proposed as determinants of transcendence happiness (THP): corporate culture (CO), internal communication (IC), and employee-centered personnel management (EPM). To this end, a model proposes to help guide employees in the tourism industry toward happiness. From a sample of 443 employees in tourist accommodations in Spain, we explore the feasibility of an SEM-PLS model based on already validated scales. Our results show, on the one hand, the critical role of organisational culture in the pursuit of employee happiness and, on the other hand, the mediating effect of internal communication between personnel management and transcendent happiness. This ground-breaking study fills two gaps in the current happiness management literature. The first is considering transcendent happiness as an innovative key to corporate governance. It requires a corporate culture that fosters all human capital’s personal growth and work-related well-being. In addition, secondly, to demonstrate that the variables of internal communication and passion at work positively influence the transcendental happiness of internal customers in rural establishments. Between internal communication and personnel management based on the employee’s growth, the organisational culture has the most significant impact not only on personnel management but also on the achievement of the happiness of private employees. To this end, rural accommodations should design organisational patterns based on codes of conduct in the social relations between employees and managers.
Slaughtered like animals. Revealing the atrocities committed by the Nazis on captives at Treblinka I by skeletal trauma analysis
Authors: Drath Joanna , Jarzęcka-Stąporek Joanna , Lisman Dagmara , Szargut Maria , Jasinski Marek E. , Spradley Kate , Parafiniuk Mirosław , Ossowski Andrzej 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe infamous Treblinka camp was one of numerous extermination camps throughout Poland, where Germans carried out mass killings of Jews. There were two camps in Treblinka, AL Treblinka I, a forced labor camp, and KL Treblinka II, the site of the extermination camp. Treblinka I held captives of various origins and ethnic backgrounds who were serving their sentences by working in a pre-existing gravel pit. Many of those prisoners perished in the camp, and it was believed that the principal causes of their death were attributed to the horrific sanitary conditions in the camp as well as the strenuous hard work of daily life. In 2019, archaeologists uncovered a clandestine mass burial pit that contained commingled human skeleton remains at the Execution Site of the former Treblinka I camp. It was estimated that there were a minimum of forty-nine people in the pit. Within months, an anthropologist performed biological profile assessments and detailed trauma analysis on the recovered skeletal parts. The main goal was to study perimortem trauma patterns to infer the cause and manner of death of the victims. We hypothesized that the victims did not die solely because of the camps’ conditions but were brutally slaughtered by the camp guards. Our results were later compared with the survivors’ written testimonies. As a result of our research, we were able to show that the Treblinka I captives’ death was extremely brutal and that the killing methods were varied. This led us to conclude that multiple assailants were involved in the killing spree. All of our results were consistent with the written witness testimonies, which concurs with our skeletal material analysis that proves the atrocities committed by the Nazis on their civilian prisoners during the war took place.
On the simultaneous reconstruction of the nonlinearity coefficient and the sound speed in the Westervelt equation
Authors: Kaltenbacher Barbara , Rundell William 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper considers the Westervelt equation, one of the most widely used models in nonlinear acoustics, and seeks to recover two spatially-dependent parameters of physical importance from time-trace boundary measurements. Specifically, these are the nonlinearity parameterκ(x)often referred to asB/Ain the acoustics literature and the wave speedc0(x). The determination of the spatial change in these quantities can be used as a means of imaging. We consider identifiability from one or two boundary measurements as relevant in these applications. For a reformulation of the problem in terms of the squared slownesss=1/c02and the combined coefficientη=κc02we devise a frozen Newton method and prove its convergence. The effectiveness (and limitations) of this iterative scheme are demonstrated by numerical examples.
Synchronized measurement of instantaneous convective heat flux and velocity fields in wall-bounded flows
Authors: Foroozan F , Güemes A , Raiola M , Castellanos R , Discetti S , Ianiro A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This work presents an experimental setup for acquiring synchronized wall and flow field measurements in a turbulent boundary layer (TBL). Instantaneous measurements of the convective heat transfer distribution at the wall and of the flow field are carried out simultaneously, using synchronized wall-parallel planar particle image velocimetry and infrared thermography. A low-thermal-inertia heated-thin-foil sensor is embedded in the wall beneath the TBL to measure the wall temperature maps with enough temporal resolution. The unsteady energy balance of the heated foil can be solved to restore the instantaneous value of the convective heat transfer coefficient on the wall. A detailed description of the sensor design is included. Furthermore, owing to the relatively low signal-to-noise ratio of instantaneous temperature fluctuation measurements, a recipe for data processing is proposed. A study to characterize the uncertainty of the experimental setup design is also performed. The overall agreement in the correlation between wall heat transfer and velocity fields with the literature supports the validity of the proposed approach. This solution is potentially interesting for flow control purposes, where sensing is performed at the wall.
Light axiodilatons: matter couplings, weak-scale completions and long-distance tests of gravity
Authors: Brax Philippe , Burgess C.P. , Quevedo F. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We consider the physical implications of very light axiodilatons motivated by a novel
mechanism to substantially reduce the vacuum energy proposed in 2110.10352. We address
the two main problems concerning the light axiodilaton that appears in the low-energy limit,
namely that the axion has a very low decay constant fa
∼ eV (as read from its kinetic term)
and that the dilaton is subject to bounds that are relevant to tests of GR once ρ
vac ≲ 10-80 Mp

4. We show that eV scale axion decay constants need not be a problem by
showing how supersymmetric extra dimensions provide a sample unitarization for axion physics above
eV scales for which non-anomalous matter/axiodilaton couplings can really have gravitational
strength, showing how naive EFT reasoning can mistakenly overestimates axion interactions at
eV. When axions really do couple strongly at eV scales we identify the dimensionless interaction
in the UV completion that is also O(1), and how axion energy-loss bounds map onto known
extra-dimensional constraints. We find a broad new class of exact exterior solutions to the vacuum
axiodilaton equations and knowledge of axiodilaton-matter couplings also allows us to numerically
search for interior solutions that match to known exterior solutions that can evade solar-system
tests. We find no examples that do so, but also identify potential new candidate mechanisms for
reducing the effective dilaton-matter coupling to gravitating objects without also undermining the
underlying suppression of ρ
vac.