bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectory‐tracking control of an unmanned surface vehicle based on characteristic modelling approach: Implementation and field testing
Authors: Meng Yuhang , Ye Hui , Yang Xiaofei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, a practical adaptive control scheme is proposed for the trajectory tracking of an unmanned surface vehicle via the characteristic modelling approach. Therefore, accurate tracking control can be achieved in the presence of unknown time‐varying model parameters and environmental disturbances. The control scheme comprises a trajectory guidance module based on the virtual target approach and a tracking control module designed by characteristic modelling theory. Firstly, the ideal control commands of the yaw speed and surge speed are generated using the position errors between the vehicle and the virtual target. Then, a second‐order characteristic model for the heading and surge speed channel is developed. The parameters of the model are updated by a real‐time parameter identification algorithm. Based on this model, an integrated adaptive control law is designed which consists of golden‐section control, feed‐forward control and integral control. Finally, the development processes of the vehicle platform and the control algorithms are described, and the results of simulation and field experiments are presented and discussed.
Biomechanik der HWS und ihre anatomischen Grundlagen
Authors: Decker Sebastian , Roth Sabine , Gaulke Ralph , Sehmisch Stephan , Koller Heiko 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel beschreibt die Biomechanik der Halswirbelsäule. Das Verständnis von
physiologischer Anatomie sowie den funktionellen Zusammenhängen ist Grundlage der Behandlung
zervikaler Pathologien. Abweichungen von der physiologischen Biomechanik können zufällig und
zunächst ohne Krankheitswert sein, krankheitsbedingt oder iatrogen durch z.B. Operationen
hervorgerufen werden. Darüber hinaus ist es von Bedeutung die physiologische Biomechanik auch
in der Planung von Operationen zu beachten, ebenso z.B. in der konservativen und
manualtherapeutischen Therapie.
Riechen und Riechstörungen
Authors: Hummel T , Power Guerra N , Gunder N , Hähner A , Menzel S 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfasssungDer Geruchssinn ist wichtig. Das wurde insbesondere v. a. Patient:innen mit infektbedingtem Riechverlust während der SARS-CoV2 Pandemie bewusst. Wir reagieren z. B. auf Körpergerüche unserer Mitmenschen – die Nase bestimmt/wen wir „riechen können“. Der Geruchssinn warnt uns vor Gefahren, die Wahrnehmung von Düften und die Wahrnehmung von Aromen beim Essen bedeuten Lebensqualität. Eine Anosmie muss daher ernst genommen werden. Obwohl sich olfaktorische Rezeptorneurone durch Regenerationsfähigkeit auszeichnen, sind Anosmien mit etwa 5% relativ häufig. Riechstörungen werden nach der Ursache eingeteilt (z. B. Infekte, Schädelhirntraumen, chronische Rhinosinusitis, Alter) mit den sich daraus ergebenden unterschiedlichen Therapieoptionen und Prognosen. Eine gründliche Anamnese ist deshalb bedeutsam. Zur Diagnostik stehen verschiedenste Untersuchungsverfahren zur Verfügung, von orientierenden Kurztests über ausführliche mehrdimensionale Testverfahren bis hin zu elektrophysiologischen und bildgebenden Methoden. Damit sind quantitative Riechstörungen gut erfassbar und nachverfolgbar. Bei qualitativen Riechstörungen wie der Parosmie stehen derzeit allerdings keine objektivierenden Diagnoseverfahren zur Verfügung. Die therapeutischen Möglichkeiten bei Riechstörungen sind begrenzt. Trotzdem stehen mit dem Riechtraining sowie verschiedenen additiven medikamentösen Möglichkeiten wirksame Optionen zur Verfügung. Von großer Bedeutung ist nach wie vor die Beratung und das kompetente Gespräch mit den Patient:innen.
Obstruktive Schlafapnoe – Einfluss auf kardiovaskuläres System und Kognition
Authors: Schneider Gerlind 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungKardiovaskuläre und kognitive Erkrankungen sind ebenso wie die obstruktive Schlafapnoe sehr häufige Krankheiten mit einer erheblichen Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität und einer deutlichen sozioökonomischen Bedeutung. Die Auswirkungen einer unbehandelten obstruktiven Schlafapnoe (OSA) auf das kardiovaskuläre und kognitive Erkrankungsrisiko und die Therapieeffekte einer OSA sind für die meisten kardiovaskulären und kognitiven Folgeerkrankungen wissenschaftlich nachgewiesen. Für die klinische Praxis besteht ein deutlicher Bedarf nach mehr Interdisziplinarität. Aus schlafmedizinischer Sicht müssen bei der Therapieindikation das individuelle kardiovaskuläre und kognitive Risiko berücksichtigt und kognitive Erkrankungen bei der Beurteilung der Therapieintoleranz und residuellen Symptomatik beachtet werden. Aus internistischer Sicht sollte bei Patienten mit schlecht einstellbarem Hypertonus, Vorhofflimmern, koronarer Herzkrankheit und Schlaganfall die Abklärung einer OSA in die Diagnostik integriert werden. Bei Patienten mit milder kognitiver Beeinträchtigung, Alzheimer-Krankheit und Depression können sich die typischen Symptome wie Fatigue, Tagesmüdigkeit und Reduktion der kognitiven Leistungen mit OSA-Symptomen überschneiden. Die Diagnostik einer OSA sollte in die Abklärung dieser Krankheitsbilder integriert werden, da eine Therapie der OSA die kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen reduzieren und die Lebensqualität verbessern kann.
Medikamenteninduziertes Stevens-Johnson-Syndrom und toxisch epidermale Nekrolyse als kutane Nebenwirkung in der Palliativversorgung
Authors: Wahl Renate U. , Rolke Roman 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Stevens-Johnson-Syndrom (SJS) und die toxisch epidermale Nekrolyse (TEN) gehören zu den schwerwiegendsten dermatologischen Krankheitsbildern. Sie sind immunvermittelte, kutane Nebenwirkungen, verlaufen oft hochakut und haben eine Mortalität von 30%. Die Inzidenz eines SJS/TEN liegt bei 1–2 Fällen/1000000, wobei das SJS bis zu 3-mal häufiger auftritt als ein TEN. Als Hochrisiko-Medikamente für das Auftreten eines SJS/TEN wurden unter anderem Sulfonamidantibiotika, Antiepileptika, nichtsteroidale Antiphlogistika vom Oxicam-Typ und Allopurinol identifiziert. In der Literatur werden verschiedenste weitere Substanzen benannt, die diese Hautreaktion verursachen können. Es ist einer der wichtigsten Behandlungsschritte bei einem SJS/TEN, das möglicherweise auslösende Medikament zu identifizieren und abzusetzen. Bei Polypharmazie – insbesondere auch bei Palliativpatientinnen und -patienten – kann das eine Herausforderung sein. Die systemische Behandlung eines SJS/TEN wird in der Fachwelt kontrovers diskutiert. In jedem Fall wichtig ist eine adäquate Lokal- und additive Therapie. Die Behandlung eines SJS/TEN sollte multidisziplinär erfolgen. Wir berichten über den Fall einer 77-jährigen Palliativpatientin, die innerhalb von 2 Wochen eine toxisch epidermale Nekrolyse entwickelte. Als möglicherweise auslösende Medikamente konnten wir Hydrochlorothiazid, Sertralin und Metamizol identifizieren.
Einfluss von Sprachbarrieren auf die Notrufabfrage: Darstellung von Qualitätsindikatoren und Einsatzanlässen
Authors: Müller Frank , Noack Eva Maria 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel der Studie ist, die Häufigkeit und den Einfluss von Sprachbarrieren auf relevante Kenngrößen wie Hilfsfristen zu charakterisieren.
Methodik Leitstellendisponent*innen der Integrierten Rettungsleitstelle Süd (IRLS-Süd) in Schleswig-Holstein haben über 12 Wochen zu jedem Notruf Sprachbarrieren aufgrund von
Fremdsprachigkeit kodiert. Deskriptive und teststatistische Methoden wurden angewendet, um Einsätze bei diesen Notrufen zu charakterisieren.
Ergebnisse Bei 1,9% der Anrufenden wurde eine Sprachbarriere kodiert. Bei diesen Anrufenden wurden Einsatzmittel für gynäkologische und geburtshilfliche Notfälle (7,9% vs. 1,1%)
sowie unklare Einsatzlagen (13,6% vs. 1,3%) signifikant häufiger disponiert. Unterschiede bei den Alarmierungs- und Anfahrtszeiten gab es nicht, ebenso keinen Unterschied in der Häufigkeit
bei der Nachalarmierung von Notarzteinsatzfahrzeugen. Notrufe mit Sprachbarrieren waren jedoch häufiger zur Nachtzeit.
Schlussfolgerung Bei etwa jedem 50. Notruf besteht eine Sprachbarriere. Der Einsatz neuer Technologien könnte eine vielsprachige Notrufabfrage ermöglichen und zur Verbesserung der
Verständigung mit fremdsprachigen Notrufenden beitragen.
Sharing Clinical Notes while Protecting Adolescent Confidentiality and Maintaining Parental Insight
Authors: Elias Jonathan , Gossey J. Travis , Xi Wenna , Sharko Marianne , Robbins Laura , Bostwick Susan , Chang Jane , Lorenzi Virginia , Giatzikis Vasiliki , Scofi Jean , Trepp Richard , Lewis Rachel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The 21st Century Cures Act mandates sharing electronic health records (EHRs) with patients. Health care providers must ensure confidential sharing of medical information with adolescents while maintaining parental insight into adolescent health. Given variability in state laws, provider opinions, EHR systems, and technological limitations, consensus on best practices to achieve adolescent clinical note sharing at scale is needed.
Objectives This study aimed to identify an effective intervention process to implement adolescent clinical note sharing, including ensuring adolescent portal account registration accuracy, across a large multihospital health care system comprising inpatient, emergency, and ambulatory settings.
Methods A query was built to assess portal account registration accuracy. At a large multihospital health care system, 80.0% of 12- to 17-year-old patient portal accounts were classified as inaccurately registered (IR) under a parent or registration accuracy unknown (RAU). To increase accurately registered (AR) accounts, the following interventions were pursued: (1) distribution of standardized portal enrollment training; (2) patient outreach email campaign to reregister 29,599 portal accounts; (3) restriction of access to remaining IR and RAU accounts. Proxy portal configurations were also optimized. Subsequently, adolescent clinical note sharing was implemented.
Results Distribution of standardized training materials decreased IR and increased AR accounts (p = 0.0492 and 0.0058, respectively). Our email campaign (response rate: 26.8%) was most effective in decreasing IR and RAU accounts and increasing AR accounts (p < 0.002 for all categories). Remaining IR and RAU accounts, 54.6% of adolescent portal accounts, were subsequently restricted. Postrestriction, IR accounts continued declining significantly (p = 0.0056). Proxy portal enhancements with interventions deployed increased proxy portal account adoption.
Conclusion A multistep intervention process can be utilized to effectively implement adolescent clinical note sharing at a large scale across care settings. Improvements to EHR technology, portal enrollment training, adolescent/proxy portal settings, detection, and automation in reenrollment of inaccurate portal accounts are needed to maintain integrity of adolescent portal access.
Effect of Plate Type on Tibial Plateau Levelling and Medialization Osteotomy for Treatment of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Concomitant Medial Patellar Luxation in Small Breed Dogs: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Dallago Melania , Baroncelli Alessandro Boero , Hudson Caleb , Peirone Bruno , De Bakker Evelien , Piras Lisa Adele 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective The main aim of this study was to determine the effective magnitude of proximal tibial segment medialization achievable during tibial plateau levelling and medialization osteotomy (TPLO-M) with Fixin 1.9-2.5 mm pre-contoured T plates with three different offsets.
Methods In this in vitro study, 36 tibia bone models reconstructed using stereolithography from hindlimb CT scans of a 5 kg dog and a 10 kg dog without orthopaedic disease were used. TPLO-M was performed using plates with three different offsets (2, 4 and 6 mm). Post-osteotomy radiographic and bone models measurements were performed.
Results Regardless of patient weight, the +4 mm offset plates provided a translation of 2.93mm (± 0.51) while the +6 mm offset plates provided a translation of 5.03mm (± 0.47). In the 5kg dog bone model group limited bone contact at the osteotomy site was documented when using the +6mm offset plate.
Conclusion The +4mm and +6mm offset Fixin plates may be considered for TPLO-M in dogs weighing between 5 and 10 kg. The +6mm offset plate should be used cautiously in dogs weighing less than 10 kg since this plate may result in insufficient postoperative bone apposition at the osteotomy site.
Spatiotemporal pulses from a Q-switched multimode fiber laser
Authors: Ge Boyuan , Lou Yajun , Liu Huanhuan , Shum Perry Ping , Zhang Xinhai 
Published: May 2023

We have demonstrated spatiotemporal pulses from a Q-switched ytterbium-doped multimode fiber laser, with a pulse energy of up to 16.5 μJ, a pulse repetition rate of 108.7 kHz, and an average output power of 1.80 W. Benefiting from the weakened spectral filtering effect, there is high pulse energy that can be produced from multimode fiber oscillators. We have observed and analyzed the evolution of multimode Q-switching with spatiotemporal correlation. Furthermore, we find that the polarization control in the saturable absorber has a modulation and selective effect on the transverse modes of the multimode fiber laser. Our results help to understand the spatiotemporal characteristics of pulsed fiber lasers and contribute to developing high-pulse energy lasers.
Local cation ordering in compositionally complex Ruddlesden–Popper n = 1 oxides
Authors: Jiang Bo , Pitike Krishna Chaitanya , Lin De-Ye , Purdy Stephen C. , Wang Xin , Zhao Yafan , Zhang Yuanpeng , Metz Peter , Macias Antonio , Meyer Harry M. , Borisevich Albina Y. , Yan Jiaqiang , Cooper Valentino R. , Bridges Craig A. , Page Katharine 
Published: May 2023

The Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) layered perovskite structure is of great interest due to its inherent tunability, and the emergence and growth of the compositionally complex oxide (CCO) concept endows the RP family with further possibilities. Here, a comprehensive assessment of thermodynamic stabilization, local order/disorder, and lattice distortion was performed in the first two reported examples of lanthanum-deficient Lan+1BnO3n+1 (n = 1, B = Mg, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) obtained via various processing conditions. Chemical short-range order (CSRO) at the B-site and the controllable excess interstitial oxygen (δ) in RP-CCOs are uncovered by neutron pair distribution function analysis. Reverse Monte Carlo analysis of the data, Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations, and extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis implies a modest degree of magnetic element segregation on the local scale. Further, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations results obtained from special quasirandom structure disagree with experimentally observed CSRO but confirm Jahn–Teller distortion of CuO6 octahedra. These findings highlight potential opportunities to control local order/disorder and excess interstitial oxygen in layered RP-CCOs and demonstrate a high degree of freedom for tailoring application-specific properties. They also suggest a need for expansion of theoretical and data modeling approaches in order to meet the innate challenges of CCO and related high-entropy phases.
Machine learning-aided line intensity ratio technique applied to deuterium plasmas
Authors: Nishijima D. , Baldwin M. J. , Chang F. , Tynan G. R. 
Published: May 2023

It has been demonstrated that the electron density, ne, and temperature, Te, are successfully evaluated from He I line intensity ratios coupled with machine learning (ML). In this paper, the ML-aided line intensity ratio technique is applied to deuterium (D) plasmas with 0.031 &lt; ne (1018 m−3) &lt; 0.67 and 2.3 &lt; Te (eV) &lt; 5.1 in the PISCES-A linear plasma device. Two line intensity ratios, Dα/Dγ and Dα/Dβ, are used to develop a predictive model for ne and Te separately. Reasonable agreement of both ne and Te with those from single Langmuir probe measurements is obtained at ne &gt; 0.1 × 1018 m−3. Addition of the D2/Dα intensity ratio, where the D2 band emission intensity is integrated in a wavelength range of λ ∼ 557.4–643.0 nm, is found to improve the prediction of, in particular, ne, and Te. It is also confirmed that the technique works for D plasmas with 0.067 &lt; ne (1018 m−3) &lt; 6.1 and 0.8 &lt; Te (eV) &lt; 15 in another linear plasma device, PISCES-RF. The two training datasets from PISCES-A and PISCES-RF are combined, and unified predictive models for ne and Te give reasonable agreement with probe measurements in both devices.
The path to climate neutrality for California dairies
Authors: McCabe C.J. , Mashad H.M. , Mitloehner F.M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In recent years, dairy farms have come under scrutiny with pressure to curb their environmental impacts. Since 1950, the California dairy industry has made strides in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per kilogram of milk produced. However, total GHG emissions have remained near constant over the past 15 years. Most on-farm dairy production emissions are in the form of methane (CH
4
) emissions produced via enteric fermentation, where CH
4
is produced as a byproduct of feed digestion, and manure management. Methane is a powerful but short-lived GHG. Historically, GWP100 has been utilized to describe a GHG emission’s warming impact over a 100-year time span. To better characterize the impact of CH
4
on atmospheric warming, a relatively new accounting system named global warming potential star (GWP*) has been proposed to consider the production and degradation of this short-living GHG. Characterizing greenhouse gases by how they warm our atmosphere instead of the number of emissions produced is a better metric for the true impact of the emissions on atmospheric warming.

The goal of this research is to use GWP* to analyze the impact of potential GHG emissions scenarios from California dairy and the impact of those scenarios on atmospheric warming. Utilizing GWP* can help discern when an industry or sector has achieved climate neutrality or no annual warming contributions from industry. This paper also investigates the necessary amount of CH
4
reduction needed and the time point at which the dairy sector can achieve climate neutrality. The scenarios are business-as-usual (BAU), 40% reduction in manure CH
4
emissions (40 MAN) by applying anaerobic digestion and its alternative technologies, and 40 MAN along with a 10.6% reduction in enteric fermentation CH
4
emissions via 1/3 of California’s cows fed the feed additive 3-nitrooxypropanol (40 MAN+EF). Under GWP100 in 2030, carbon dioxide equivalents (CO
2
e) for the 40 MAN and the 40 MAN + EF scenarios were reduced by 18 and 22%, respectively compared to the BAU. For all three scenarios, the relative warming impact of the industry decreased over time due to constant herd sizes and total annual emissions. By aggressively decreasing CH
4
emissions under the 40 MAN and 40 MAN+EF scenarios, there is the possibility for the California dairy industry to reach climate neutrality by the year 2027. These scenarios have more CH
4
naturally removed in the atmosphere than is emitted, thus lowering atmospheric contributions from the industry. These scenarios could be adopted by dairies in other states and countries to help the global dairy industry to achieve climate goals through persistent CH
4
mitigation.
Selective area doping of GaN toward high-power applications
Authors: Ferreyra Romualdo Alejandro , Li Bingjun , Wang Sizhen , Han Jung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Selective area doping in GaN, especially p-type, is a critical and inevitable building block for the realization of advanced device structures for high-power applications, including, but not limited to, current-aperture vertical electron transistors, junction termination extensions, junction barrier Schottky diodes, junction field-effect transistors (JFETs), vertical-channel JFETs, U-shaped metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (U-MOSFETs), and Fin MOSFETs. This paper reviews and summarizes some of the recent advances in the fields of selective area etching and regrowth, ion implantation, and polarity-dependent doping that may lead to the practical realization of GaN-based power devices.
Semantic SLAM for mobile robots in dynamic environments based on visual camera sensors
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Changdi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Visual simultaneous localization and mapping (vSLAM) is inherently constrained by the static world assumption, which renders success in the presence of dynamic objects rather challenging. In this paper, we propose a real-time semantic vSLAM system designed for both indoor and outdoor dynamic environments. By employing object detection, we identify 80 categories and utilize motion consistency checks to pinpoint outliers in each image. Distinct methods are presented for examining the motion states of humans and other objects. For detected humans, an algorithm is introduced to assess whether an individual is seated, subsequently dividing the bounding boxes of seated individuals into two parts based on human body proportions. We then use the same threshold values for standing individuals to determine the states of the two boxes belonging to seated individuals. For non-human objects, we propose an algorithm capable of automatically adjusting the threshold values for different bounding boxes, thereby ensuring consistent detection performance across various objects. Ultimately, we retain points within static boxes contained in dynamic boxes while eliminating other points in dynamic boxes to benefit from a larger number of detected categories. Our SLAM is evaluated on indoor TUM and Bonn RGB-D datasets, with further testing conducted on the outdoor stereo KITTI dataset. The results reveal that our SLAM outperforms most SLAM systems in dynamic environments. Moreover, we test our system in real-world environments with a monocular camera, demonstrating its robustness and universality across diverse settings.
Synthetic aperture radar images denoising based on multi-scale attention cascade convolutional neural network
Authors: Shan Huilin , Fu Xiangwei , Lv Zongkui , Xu Xingchen , Wang Xingtao , Zhang Yinsheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are often affected by speckle noise, which can hinder accurate interpretation and subsequent use of the images in applications such as target detection and segmentation. To address this issue, we propose a denoising algorithm based on a multi-scale attention cascade convolutional neural network (MSAC-Net). Our algorithm employs multi-scale asymmetric convolution to extract image features and an attention mechanism to integrate these features. Additionally, we designed a multi-layer deep cascade convolutional network to enhance the generalization ability of the model features. Experimental results show that our proposed MSAD-Net model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art SAR image denoising algorithms. Specifically, it achieves a significant improvement in peak signal-to-noise ratio, with an increase of about 0.81–13.97 dB, and structural similarity index measure, with an increase of about 0.01–0.14. Overall, our study presents a novel denoising algorithm for SAR images that greatly improves the accuracy of subsequent image applications.