bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifting application dates on cereal reduces pesticide transfer via subsurface drainage based on water flow forecasts during autumn applications
Authors: Julien Tournebize , Jeantet Alexis , Marks‐Perreau Jonathan , Dutertre Alain , Maillet‐Mezeray Julie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThanks to the changes in aquatic risk assessment within the marketing authorization (MA) process in France, the contamination of surface water through the subsurface drainage network is better accounted for. The measure adopted by risk regulations is to prohibit any use of selected pesticides on drained plots. Herbicide solutions on subsurface‐drained plots are becoming scarce due to a limited number of innovations combined with the re‐approvals process. Autumn weed management then becomes a major issue for winter cropping systems on drained plots. Unlike runoff prevention, few risk management measures are available to prevent the risks associated with drained plots.RESULTSWe analyzed data from La Jaillière, an ARVALIS experimental site (nine plots, 1993 to 2017), representative of scenario D5 from the EU FOCUS Group, for four herbicides (isoproturon, aclonifen, diflufenican, flufenacet). Our study demonstrates the relevance of the time application management measure by showing the decreasing trend in the transfer of pesticides in drained plots. In addition, it validates, still on the La Jaillière site, the hypothesis of a management measure based on an indicator of soil profile saturation before drainage flow (soil wetness index, SWI).CONCLUSIONSA conservative measure consisting of restricting pesticide applications during autumn, when the SWI is <85% of saturation, reduces the risk by a factor of 4–12 for quantification above the predicted no‐effect concentration and values of maximum or flow weight average concentrations by 70‐ and 27‐fold, ratio of exported pesticide by 20‐fold, and total flux by 32. This measure based on SWI threshold appears to be more efficient than those using other restriction factors. SWI can be easily calculated by considering the local weather data and soil properties for any drained field. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quantum Imaging Exploiting Twisted Photon Pairs
Authors: Cui Dianzhen , Yi Xuexi , Yang Li‐Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuantum correlation of two‐photon states is utilized to suppress the environmental noise in imaging down to the single‐photon level. However, the size of the coherence area of the photon pairs limits the applications of quantum imaging based on spatial correlations. Here, a quantum imaging scheme exploiting twisted photon pairs with tunable spatial‐correlation regions to circumvent this limitation is proposed. A bulk‐density coincidence is employed to enhance the imaging signal. Specifically, a re‐scaled image signal is introduced, which is immune to the background intensity distribution profile of the photon pulse. A destructive interference between the anti‐bunched photon pair and bunched photon pair in the imaging process is revealed. This work can pave a way for twisted‐photon‐based quantum holography and quantum microscopy.
Assessing the nexus of gross national expenditure, energy consumption, and information & communications technology toward the sustainable environment: Evidence from advanced economies
Authors: Sarfraz Muddassar , Naseem Sobia , Mohsin Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe quantity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere rises yearly because human activities emit more of it than the earth's natural processes can absorb. The overall carbon dioxide emissions continue to rise due to development demands. In a panel setting, this paper investigates the link dynamics between gross national spending, energy consumption, information and communications technology, and CO2 emissions in advanced nations from 2000 to 2020. We employ quantitative sequential approaches, such as DOLS, unit root test, and cointegration techniques, to ensure the coherence and feasibility of the study. Both versions of the estimators show statistically significant effects of gross national expenditure, energy consumption, and Information & Communications Technology on CO2 emissions. The findings of this paper show that there is a long‐run relationship between independent and dependent variables. The study also shows that rising exports of ICT services, energy consumption, and population need environmental protection and highlight the necessity for environmental regulations that can minimize emissions throughout the country's expansion. Even in advanced nations, climate vulnerability is not automatically reduced by development status but is instead reduced by the right sort of growth.
Architecting the High‐Entropy Oxides on 2D MXene Nanosheets by Rapid Microwave‐Heating Strategy with Robust Photoelectrochemical Oxygen Evolution Performance
Authors: Park Chae Eun , Senthil Raja Arumugam , Jeong Gyoung Hwa , Choi Myong Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHigh‐entropy oxides (HEO) have recently concerned interest as the most promising electrocatalytic materials for oxygen evolution reactions (OER). In this work, a new strategy to the synthesis of HEO nanostructures on Ti3C2Tx MXene via rapid microwave heating and subsequent calcination at a low temperature is reported. Furthermore, the influence of HEO loading on Ti3C2Tx MXene is investigated toward OER performance with and without visible‐light illumination in an alkaline medium. The obtained HEO/Ti3C2Tx‐0.5 hybrid exhibited an outstanding photoelectrochemical OER ability with a low overpotential of 331 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 71 mV dec−1, which exceeded that of a commercial IrO2 catalyst (340 mV at 10 mA cm−2). In particular, the fabricated water electrolyzer with the HEO/Ti3C2Tx‐0.5 hybrid as anode required a less potential of 1.62 V at 10 mA cm−2 under visible‐light illumination. Owing to the strong synergistic interaction between the HEO and Ti3C2Tx MXene, the HEO/Ti3C2Tx hybrid has a great electrochemical surface area, many metal active sites, high conductivity, and fast reaction kinetics, resulting in an excellent OER performance. This study offers an efficient strategy for synthesizing HEO‐based materials with high OER performance to produce high‐value hydrogen fuel.
A Carbon‐Free and Free‐Standing Cathode From Mixed‐Phase TiO2 for Photo‐Assisted Li–CO2 Battery
Authors: Long Lizhen , Ding Yaya , Liang Nina , Liu Jun , Liu Fuchi , Huang Sheng , Meng Yuezhong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLi–CO2 battery provides a new strategy to simultaneously solve the problems of energy storage and greenhouse effect. However, the severe polarization of CO2 reduction and CO2 evolution reaction impede the practical application. Herein, anodic TiO2 nanotube arrays are first introduced as carbon‐free and free‐standing cathode for photo‐assisted Li–CO2 battery, and the photo‐assisted charge and discharge mechanism is first clarified from the perspective of photocatalysis. Mixed‐phase TiO2 exhibits a long cycling life of 580 h (52 cycles) at 0.025 mA cm−2 and delivers a high discharge specific capacity of 3001 µAh cm−2 under UV illumination. The charge voltage dramatically reduces from 4.53 to 3.03 V under UV illumination. The improvement of photo‐assisted Li–CO2 battery performance relies on the synergistic effect of the hierarchical porous structure, strong UV absorption, efficient separation, and transfer of photo‐generated electrons and holes at hetero‐phase junction, and the facilitation of photo‐generated electrons and holes on CO2 reduction and CO2 evolution reaction. This work can provide useful guidance for designing efficient photocathode for photo‐assisted Li–CO2 battery and other metal–air batteries.
Regulation of Impedance Matching and Dielectric Loss Properties of N‐Doped Carbon Hollow Nanospheres Modified With Atomically Dispersed Cobalt Sites for Microwave Energy Attenuation
Authors: Li Bei , Ma Ziqian , Xu Jia , Zhang Xiao , Chen Yujin , Zhu Chunling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe rational design of lightweight, broad‐band, and high‐performance microwave absorbers is urgently required for addressing electromagnetic pollution issue. Metal single atoms (M–SAs) absorbers receive considerable interest in the field of microwave absorption due to the unique electronic structures of M–SAs. However, the simultaneous engineering of the morphology and electronic structure of M–SAs based absorbers remains challenging. Herein, a template‐assisted method is utilized to fabricate isolated Co–SAs on N‐doped hollow carbon spheres (NHCS@Co–SAs) for high‐performance microwave absorption. The combination of atomically dispersed Co sites and hollow supports endows NHCS@Co–SAs with excellent microwave absorption properties. Typically, at an ultralow filler content of 8 wt%, the minimum reflection loss and effective absorption bandwidth of the NHCS@Co–SAs are up to −44.96 dB and 5.25 GHz, respectively, while the absorbing thickness is only 2 mm. Theoretical calculations and experimental results indicate that the impedance matching characteristic and dielectric loss of the NHCSs can be tuned via the introduction of M–SAs, which are responsible for the excellent microwave absorption properties of NHCS@Co–SAs. This work provides an atomic‐level insight into the relationship between the electronic states of absorbers and their microwave absorption properties for developing advanced microwave absorbers.
Academic integrity in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI) authoring apps
Authors: Yeo Marie Alina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhat does it mean to write, learn to write, and teach writing in an age when students can use the latest artificial intelligence (AI) co‐authoring tools to produce entire essays without even adding an original idea or composing a single sentence? This article addresses questions of authorship and academic integrity concerning the use of AI writing assistants and the latest GPT‐3 (Generative Pre‐trained Transformer, Version 3) tools. It begins by problematizing the use of these tools, and then illustrates how students can use these tools to paraphrase, summarize, extend, and even create original texts with minimal original input, raising questions about authorship and academic integrity. The author argues that as these tools become more widespread, teachers must find creative ways to integrate them into the teaching and learning process and offer practical suggestions for classroom practice. The author hopes to raise awareness about threats to academic integrity brought about by the use of the latest AI co‐authoring tools and aims to equip teachers with strategies to embrace the use of these new digital technologies in the teaching of writing.
High-energy properties of the graviton scattering in quadratic gravity
Authors: Abe Yugo , Inami Takeo , Izumi Keisuke 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We obtain the matter-graviton scattering amplitude in the gravitational theory of quadratic curvature, which has $$ {R}_{\mu \nu}^2 $$

R
μν
2

term in the action. Unitarity bound is not satisfied because of the existence of negative norm states, while an analog of unitarity bound for S-matrix unitarity holds due to the cancelation among the positive norm states and negative norm ones in the unitarity summation in the optical theorem. The violation of unitarity bound is a counter example of Llewellyn Smith’s conjecture on the relation between tree-level unitarity and renormalizability. We have recently proposed a new conjecture that an analog of the unitarity bound for S-matrix unitarity gives the equivalent conditions to those for renormalizability. We show that the gravitational theory of quadratic curvature is a nontrivial example consistent with our conjecture.
A complete derived invariant for gentle algebras via winding numbers and Arf invariants
Authors: Amiot Claire , Plamondon Pierre-Guy , Schroll Sibylle 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGentle algebras are in bijection with admissible dissections of marked oriented surfaces. In this paper, we further study the properties of admissible dissections and we show that silting objects for gentle algebras are given by admissible dissections of the associated surface. We associate to each gentle algebra a line field on the corresponding surface and prove that the derived equivalence class of the algebra is completely determined by the homotopy class of the line field up to homeomorphism of the surface. Then, based on winding numbers and the Arf invariant of a certain quadratic form over $${\mathbb {Z}}_2$$

Z
2

, we translate this to a numerical complete derived invariant for gentle algebras.
Präoperative MRT-Bildgebung bei Hüftdysplasie
Authors: Lerch Till D. , Schmaranzer Florian 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Hüftdysplasie ist ein bekannter Grund für Hüftschmerzen bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen. Die präoperative Bildgebung wurde durch die Fortschritte der MRT in den letzten Jahren immer wichtiger und hat heute einen hohen Stellenwert.

Ziel der Arbeit
Dieser Artikel soll einen Überblick über die präoperative Bildgebung bei Hüftdysplasie geben. Die azetabuläre Version, assoziierte femorale Deformitäten (Cam-Deformität, Valgus und femorale Antetorsion) und intraartikuläre Pathologien (Labrum- und Knorpelschäden) sowie verschiedene Messmethoden und Normwerte werden beschrieben.

Methoden
Die präoperative Bildgebung bei Hüftdysplasie beginnt mit dem a. p. Becken-Röntgenbild.
Die Schnittbildgebung (CT oder MRT) ist der Goldstandard zur Beurteilung der azetabulären Version, der Cam-Deformität und zur Messung der femoralen Antetorsion. Die azetabuläre Version und Überdachung sowie assoziierte femorale Deformitäten können detailliert analysiert werden. Für die femorale Antetorsion sollten die verschiedenen Messmethoden und Normalwerte berücksichtigt werden. Diese sind vor allem bei Patienten mit erhöhter femoraler Antetorsion zu beachten. Die MRT ermöglicht die Beurteilung der Labrumhypertrophie und subtile Zeichen der Hüftinstabilität. 3‑D-Knorpelmapping mittels MRT ermöglicht eine Quantifizierung der Knorpeldegeneration. Ossäre 3D Modelle mittels 3D‑CT und zunehmend mittels MRT ermöglichen zudem die Detektion extraartikulärer Pathologien, (z. B. ischiofemorales Impingement) die als Differenzialdiagnosen zu berücksichtigen sind.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Die Hüftdysplasie kann in anteriore, laterale und posteriore Dysplasie eingeteilt werden. Kombinierte Deformitäten sind bei der Hüftdysplasie häufig, eine Cam-Deformität kann bei bis zu 86 % der Patienten vorliegen. Valgusdeformitäten wurden bei 44 % beschrieben. Eine Hüftdysplasie kombiniert mit erhöhter femoraler Antetorsion kann bei bis zu 52 % der Patienten vorliegen. Bei erhöhter femoraler Antetorsion kann zudem ein posteriores intra- und extraartikuläres (ischiofemorales) Impingement zwischen dem Trochanter minor und dem Tuber ischiadicum auftreten. Labrumläsionen und -hypertrophie, subchondrale Zysten und Knorpelschäden sind typische Kollateralschäden bei Patienten mit Hüftdysplasie. Die Hypertrophie des M. iliocapsularis ist ein Instabilitäts Zeichen. Bei der präoperativen Bildgebung sind sowohl die azetabuläre Version und Morphologie als auch die femoralen Deformitäten zu berücksichtigen. Labrum- und Knorpelschäden sowie die assoziierten Deformitäten (u. a. Cam-Deformität und femorale Antetorsion) sind wichtig für die Therapieplanung von Patienten mit Hüftdysplasie. Die biochemische MRT-Bildgebung mittels Knorpelmapping-Techniken (u. a. dGEMRIC) hat großes Potenzial die präoperative Diagnostik und die Patientenselektion zu verbessern.
Children having children: early motherhood and offspring human capital in India
Authors: Perez-Alvarez M. , Favara M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing panel data from India, this paper investigates the effect of early maternal age on offspring human capital, contributing to the scarce evidence on this phenomenon, especially in the context of a developing country. The analysis relies on mother fixed effects to allow for unobserved differences between mothers and employs a variety of empirical strategies to address remaining sibling-specific concerns. Our results indicate that children born to young mothers are shorter for their age, with stronger effects for girls born to very young mothers. We also find some evidence suggesting that children born to very young mothers perform worse in math. By exploring the evolution of effects over time for the first time in the literature, we find that the height effect weakens as children age. Further analysis suggests both biological and behavioral factors as transmission channels.
Recurrent reversible in-stent-stenosis after flow diverter treatment
Authors: Garner Malvina , Fries Frederik , Haußmann Alena , Kettner Michael , Bachhuber Armin , Reith Wolfgang , Yilmaz Umut 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFlow diverter stents (FDS) are well established in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms which are difficult to treat with conventional endovascular techniques. However, they carry a relatively high risk of specific complications compared to conventional stents. A minor but frequent finding is the occurrence of reversible in-stent-stenosis (ISS) that tend to resolve spontaneously over time. Here, we report the case of a patient in their 30s who was treated with FDS for bilateral paraophthalmic internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms. ISS were found at the respective early follow-up examinations on both sides and had resolved at the 1-year follow-up examinations. Surprisingly ISS reoccurred at both sides in later follow-up examinations and again resolved spontaneously. The recurrence of ISS after resolution is a finding that has not been described previously. Its incidence and further development should be investigated systematically. This might contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effect of FDS.
Anti-PD-1 therapy in advanced sarcomas: is cutaneous primary site a stronger predictor of response than histologic subtype?
Authors: Miao Ruoyu , Swank Jennifer , Melzer Dan , Ludlow Steven , Clark Leah , Finger Molly , Reed Damon R. , Druta Mihaela , Brohl Andrew S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown modest antitumor activity in unselected advanced sarcomas. Histology driven approach to patient selection is the current standard for off-label anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD1) immunotherapy use.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with advanced sarcoma who were treated with off label anti-PD1 immunotherapy at our center.

Results
A total of 84 patients with 25 histological subtypes were included. Nineteen patients (23%) had a cutaneous primary tumor site. Eighteen patients (21%) were classified as having clinical benefit, including 1 patient with complete response, 14 with partial response, and 3 with stable disease lasting over 6 months with previously progressive disease. Cutaneous primary site location was associated with higher clinical benefit rate (58% vs. 11%, p < 0.001), longer median PFS (8.6 vs. 2.5 months, p = 0.003) and OS (19.0 vs. 9.2 months, p = 0.011), compared to non-cutaneous primary. Patients with histological subtypes that pembrolizumab is indicated per current National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines had modestly higher rate of clinical benefit versus other histologies, however, the difference was statistically insignificant (29% vs. 15%, p = 0.182) and no statistically significant difference in PFS or OS was observed between these groups. Immune-related adverse events were more frequently seen among patients with clinical benefit (72% vs. 35%, p = 0.007).

Conclusions
Anti-PD1-based immunotherapy is highly efficacious in advanced sarcomas of cutaneous primary site. Cutaneous primary site location is a stronger predictor of ICI response than histologic subtype and should be accounted for in treatment guidelines and clinical trial design.
Anatomical variants complicating the posterior approaches towards the elbow joint
Authors: Kunc Vojtech , Benes Michal , Veigl David , Kachlik David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Anatomical variants observed during the posterior approach to the elbow joint require special attention due to their clinical relevance. We aim to present a compendious review of described variants potentially encountered during the posterior approach towards the elbow joint to the experts in the elbow surgery.

Methods
A narrative review of surgical and anatomical textbooks, as well as search of scientific databases was carried out.

Results
Variability of the subcutaneous nerves is important during incision planning. Accessory muscles such as dorsoepitrochlearis, chondroepitrochlearis, epitrochleoanconeus, subanconeus or supernumerary flexor carpi ulnaris may confuse even the senior surgeon during the dissection and possibly complicate the fracture reduction. Some bony variants such as supratrochlear foramen may lead to fracture or possibly interfere with the osteosynthesis placement. Accessory bones are also present in the region of the elbow joint. Those situated intra-articular may present with symptoms.

Conclusion
Many variants can be encountered in the area of the elbow joint and their knowledge is essential to truly understand its anatomy. The presented review enables easier orientation in the current literature with the aim on the posterior approach towards the elbow joint.
Does paraspinal muscle morphometry predict functional status and re-operation after lumbar spinal surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Han Gengyu , Wu Haotian , Dai Jinyue , Li Xinhang , Yue Lihao , Fan Zheyu , Li Qiaoyu , Shao Qirui , Jiang Yu , Li Weishi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Whether paraspinal muscle degeneration is related to poor clinical outcomes after lumbar surgery is still indistinct, which limits its clinical application. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of paraspinal muscle morphology on functional status and re-operation after lumbar spinal surgery.

Methods
A review of the literature was conducted using a total of 6917 articles identified from a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases through September 2022. A full-text review of 140 studies was conducted based on criteria including an objective assessment of preoperative paraspinal muscle morphology including multifidus (MF), erector spinae (ES), and psoas major (PS) in addition to measuring its relationship to clinical outcomes including Oswestry disability index (ODI), pain and revision surgery. Meta-analysis was performed when required metrics could be calculated in ≥ three studies, otherwise vote counting model was a good alternative to show the effect direction of evidence. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.

Results
A total of 10 studies were included in this review. Of them, five studies with required metrics were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis suggested that higher preoperative fat infiltration (FI) of MF could predict higher postoperative ODI scores (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.16–0.50, p = 0.0001). For postoperative pain, MF FI could also be an effective predictor for persistent low back pain after surgery (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI 0.02–0.31, p = 0.03). However, in the vote count model, limited evidence was presented for the prognostic effects of ES and PS on postoperative functional status and symptoms. In terms of revision surgery, there was conflicting evidence that FI of MF and ES could predict the incidence of revision surgery in the vote count model.

Conclusion
The assessment of MF FI could be a viable method to stratify patients with lumbar surgery by the risk of severe functional disability and low back pain.

Key Points
• The fat infiltration of multifidus can predict postoperative functional status and low back pain after lumbar spinal surgery.
• The preoperative evaluation of paraspinal muscle morphology is conducive for surgeons.