bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Truck platooning reshapes greenhouse gas emissions of the integrated vehicle-road infrastructure system
Authors: Cheng Huailei , Wang Yuhong , Chong Dan , Xia Chao , Sun Lijun , Liu Jenny , Gao Kun , Yang Ruikang , Jin Tian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReducing greenhouse gas emissions has turned into a pillar of climate change mitigation. Truck platooning is proposed as a strategy to lower emissions from vehicles on roads. However, the potential interactive impacts of this technology on road infrastructure emissions remain unclear. Here, we evaluate the decarbonization effects of truck platooning on the integrated vehicle-road system at a large-scale road network level, spanning 1457 road sections across North America. We show that truck platooning decreases emissions induced by truck operations, but it degrades faster the durability of road infrastructure and leads to a 27.9% rise in road emissions due to more frequent maintenance work. Overall, truck platooning results in a 5.1% emission reduction of the integrated vehicle-road system. In contrast to the benefits of emission reduction, truck platooning leads to additional financial burdens on car users and transportation agencies, calling for the consideration of tradeoffs between emissions and costs and between agencies and users. Our research provides insights into the potential applications of truck platooning to mitigate climate change.
The genomic history of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands
Authors: Serrano Javier G. , Ordóñez Alejandra C. , Santana Jonathan , Sánchez-Cañadillas Elías , Arnay Matilde , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Amelia , Morales Jacob , Velasco-Vázquez Javier , Alberto-Barroso Verónica , Delgado-Darias Teresa , de Mercadal M. Carmen Cruz , Hernández Juan Carlos , Moreno-Benítez Marco A. , Pais Jorge , Ringbauer Harald , Sikora Martin , McColl Hugh , Pino-Yanes Maria , Ferrer Mariano Hernández , Bustamante Carlos D. , Fregel Rosa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe indigenous population of the Canary Islands, which colonized the archipelago around the 3rd century CE, provides both a window into the past of North Africa and a unique model to explore the effects of insularity. We generate genome-wide data from 40 individuals from the seven islands, dated between the 3rd–16rd centuries CE. Along with components already present in Moroccan Neolithic populations, the Canarian natives show signatures related to Bronze Age expansions in Eurasia and trans-Saharan migrations. The lack of gene flow between islands and constant or decreasing effective population sizes suggest that populations were isolated. While some island populations maintained relatively high genetic diversity, with the only detected bottleneck coinciding with the colonization time, other islands with fewer natural resources show the effects of insularity and isolation. Finally, consistent genetic differentiation between eastern and western islands points to a more complex colonization process than previously thought.
Widespread and complex drought effects on vegetation physiology inferred from space
Authors: Li Wantong , Pacheco-Labrador Javier , Migliavacca Mirco , Miralles Diego , Hoek van Dijke Anne , Reichstein Markus , Forkel Matthias , Zhang Weijie , Frankenberg Christian , Panwar Annu , Zhang Qian , Weber Ulrich , Gentine Pierre , Orth Rene 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe response of vegetation physiology to drought at large spatial scales is poorly understood due to a lack of direct observations. Here, we study vegetation drought responses related to photosynthesis, evaporation, and vegetation water content using remotely sensed data, and we isolate physiological responses using a machine learning technique. We find that vegetation functional decreases are largely driven by the downregulation of vegetation physiology such as stomatal conductance and light use efficiency, with the strongest downregulation in water-limited regions. Vegetation physiological decreases in wet regions also result in a discrepancy between functional and structural changes under severe drought. We find similar patterns of physiological drought response using simulations from a soil–plant–atmosphere continuum model coupled with a radiative transfer model. Observation-derived vegetation physiological responses to drought across space are mainly controlled by aridity and additionally modulated by abnormal hydro-meteorological conditions and vegetation types. Hence, isolating and quantifying vegetation physiological responses to drought enables a better understanding of ecosystem biogeochemical and biophysical feedback in modulating climate change.
COMPASS: joint copy number and mutation phylogeny reconstruction from amplicon single-cell sequencing data
Authors: Sollier Etienne , Kuipers Jack , Takahashi Koichi , Beerenwinkel Niko , Jahn Katharina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReconstructing the history of somatic DNA alterations can help understand the evolution of a tumor and predict its resistance to treatment. Single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNAseq) can be used to investigate clonal heterogeneity and to inform phylogeny reconstruction. However, most existing phylogenetic methods for scDNAseq data are designed either for single nucleotide variants (SNVs) or for large copy number alterations (CNAs), or are not applicable to targeted sequencing. Here, we develop COMPASS, a computational method for inferring the joint phylogeny of SNVs and CNAs from targeted scDNAseq data. We evaluate COMPASS on simulated data and apply it to several datasets including a cohort of 123 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. COMPASS detected clonal CNAs that could be orthogonally validated with bulk data, in addition to subclonal ones that require single-cell resolution, some of which point toward convergent evolution.
mRNA 3’UTR lengthening by alternative polyadenylation attenuates inflammatory responses and correlates with virulence of Influenza A virus
Authors: Bergant Valter , Schnepf Daniel , de Andrade Krätzig Niklas , Hubel Philipp , Urban Christian , Engleitner Thomas , Dijkman Ronald , Ryffel Bernhard , Steiger Katja , Knolle Percy A. , Kochs Georg , Rad Roland , Staeheli Peter , Pichlmair Andreas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChanges of mRNA 3’UTRs by alternative polyadenylation (APA) have been associated to numerous pathologies, but the mechanisms and consequences often remain enigmatic. By combining transcriptomics, proteomics and recombinant viruses we show that all tested strains of IAV, including A/PR/8/34(H1N1) (PR8) and A/Cal/07/2009 (H1N1) (Cal09), cause APA. We mapped the effect to the highly conserved glycine residue at position 184 (G184) of the viral non-structural protein 1 (NS1). Unbiased mass spectrometry-based analyses indicate that NS1 causes APA by perturbing the function of CPSF4 and that this function is unrelated to virus-induced transcriptional shutoff. Accordingly, IAV strain PR8, expressing an NS1 variant with weak CPSF binding, does not induce host shutoff but only APA. However, recombinant IAV (PR8) expressing NS1(G184R) lacks binding to CPSF4 and thereby also the ability to cause APA. Functionally, the impaired ability to induce APA leads to an increased inflammatory cytokine production and an attenuated phenotype in a mouse infection model. Investigating diverse viral infection models showed that APA induction is a frequent ability of many pathogens. Collectively, we propose that targeting of the CPSF complex, leading to widespread alternative polyadenylation of host transcripts, constitutes a general immunevasion mechanism employed by a variety of pathogenic viruses.
Treatment of monogenic and digenic dominant genetic hearing loss by CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein delivery in vivo
Authors: Tao Yong , Lamas Veronica , Du Wan , Zhu Wenliang , Li Yiran , Whittaker Madelynn N. , Zuris John A. , Thompson David B. , Rameshbabu Arun Prabhu , Shu Yilai , Gao Xue , Hu Johnny H. , Pei Charles , Kong Wei-Jia , Liu Xuezhong , Wu Hao , Kleinstiver Benjamin P. , Liu David R. , Chen Zheng-Yi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMutations in Atp2b2, an outer hair cell gene, cause dominant hearing loss in humans. Using a mouse model Atp2b2Obl/+, with a dominant hearing loss mutation (Oblivion), we show that liposome-mediated in vivo delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes leads to specific editing of the Obl allele. Large deletions encompassing the Obl locus and indels were identified as the result of editing. In vivo genome editing promotes outer hair cell survival and restores their function, leading to hearing recovery. We further show that in a double-dominant mutant mouse model, in which the Tmc1 Beethoven mutation and the Atp2b2 Oblivion mutation cause digenic genetic hearing loss, Cas9/sgRNA delivery targeting both mutations leads to partial hearing recovery. These findings suggest that liposome-RNP delivery can be used as a strategy to recover hearing with dominant mutations in OHC genes and with digenic mutations in the auditory hair cells, potentially expanding therapeutics of gene editing to treat hearing loss.
A parabrachial-hypothalamic parallel circuit governs cold defense in mice
Authors: Yang Wen Z. , Xie Hengchang , Du Xiaosa , Zhou Qian , Xiao Yan , Zhao Zhengdong , Jia Xiaoning , Xu Jianhui , Zhang Wen , Cai Shuang , Li Zhangjie , Fu Xin , Hua Rong , Cai Junhao , Chang Shuang , Sun Jing , Sun Hongbin , Xu Qingqing , Ni Xinyan , Tu Hongqing , Zheng Ruimao , Xu Xiaohong , Wang Hong , Fu Yu , Wang Liming , Li Xi , Yang Haitao , Yao Qiyuan , Yu Tian , Shen Qiwei , Shen Wei L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThermal homeostasis is vital for mammals and is controlled by brain neurocircuits. Yet, the neural pathways responsible for cold defense regulation are still unclear. Here, we found that a pathway from the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), which runs parallel to the canonical LPB to preoptic area (POA) pathway, is also crucial for cold defense. Together, these pathways make an equivalent and cumulative contribution, forming a parallel circuit. Specifically, activation of the LPB → DMH pathway induced strong cold-defense responses, including increases in thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue (BAT), muscle shivering, heart rate, and locomotion. Further, we identified somatostatin neurons in the LPB that target DMH to promote BAT thermogenesis. Therefore, we reveal a parallel circuit governing cold defense in mice, which enables resilience to hypothermia and provides a scalable and robust network in heat production, reshaping our understanding of neural circuit regulation of homeostatic behaviors.
Deep-learning based detection of vessel occlusions on CT-angiography in patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Brugnara Gianluca , Baumgartner Michael , Scholze Edwin David , Deike-Hofmann Katerina , Kades Klaus , Scherer Jonas , Denner Stefan , Meredig Hagen , Rastogi Aditya , Mahmutoglu Mustafa Ahmed , Ulfert Christian , Neuberger Ulf , Schönenberger Silvia , Schlamp Kai , Bendella Zeynep , Pinetz Thomas , Schmeel Carsten , Wick Wolfgang , Ringleb Peter A. , Floca Ralf , Möhlenbruch Markus , Radbruch Alexander , Bendszus Martin , Maier-Hein Klaus , Vollmuth Philipp 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSwift diagnosis and treatment play a decisive role in the clinical outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems can accelerate the underlying diagnostic processes. Here, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) which allows automated detection of abnormal vessel findings without any a-priori restrictions and in <2 minutes. Pseudo-prospective external validation was performed in consecutive patients with suspected AIS from 4 different hospitals during a 6-month timeframe and demonstrated high sensitivity (≥87%) and negative predictive value (≥93%). Benchmarking against two CE- and FDA-approved software solutions showed significantly higher performance for our ANN with improvements of 25–45% for sensitivity and 4–11% for NPV (p ≤ 0.003 each). We provide an imaging platform (https://stroke.ccibonn.ai/) for online processing of medical imaging data with the developed ANN, including provisions for data crowdsourcing, which will allow continuous refinements and serve as a blueprint to build robust and generalizable AI algorithms.
Inequalities in COVID-19 severe morbidity and mortality by country of birth in Sweden
Authors: Rostila Mikael , Cederström Agneta , Wallace Matthew , Aradhya Siddartha , Ahrne Malin , Juárez Sol P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMigrants have been more affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Whether this has varied over the course of the pandemic remains unknown. We examined how inequalities in intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death related to COVID-19 by country of birth have evolved over the course of the pandemic, while considering the contribution of social conditions and vaccination uptake. A population-based cohort study was conducted including adults living in Sweden between March 1, 2020 and June 1, 2022 (n = 7,870,441). Poisson regressions found that migrants from Africa, Middle East, Asia and European countries without EU28/EEA, UK and Switzerland had higher risk of COVID-19 mortality and ICU admission than Swedish-born. High risks of COVID-19 ICU admission was also found in migrants from South America. Inequalities were generally reduced through subsequent waves of the pandemic. In many migrant groups socioeconomic status and living conditions contributed to the disparities while vaccination campaigns were decisive when such became available.
Metal 3D nanoprinting with coupled fields
Authors: Liu Bingyan , Liu Shirong , Devaraj Vasanthan , Yin Yuxiang , Zhang Yueqi , Ai Jingui , Han Yaochen , Feng Jicheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetallized arrays of three-dimensional (3D) nanoarchitectures offer new and exciting prospects in nanophotonics and nanoelectronics. Engineering these repeating nanoarchitectures, which have dimensions smaller than the wavelength of the light source, enables in-depth investigation of unprecedented light–matter interactions. Conventional metal nanomanufacturing relies largely on lithographic methods that are limited regarding the choice of materials and machine write time and are restricted to flat patterns and rigid structures. Herein, we present a 3D nanoprinter devised to fabricate flexible arrays of 3D metallic nanoarchitectures over areas up to 4 × 4 mm2 within 20 min. By suitably adjusting the electric and flow fields, metal lines as narrow as 14 nm were printed. We also demonstrate the key ability to print a wide variety of materials ranging from single metals, alloys to multimaterials. In addition, the optical properties of the as-printed 3D nanoarchitectures can be tailored by varying the material, geometry, feature size, and periodic arrangement. The custom-designed and custom-built 3D nanoprinter not only combines metal 3D printing with nanoscale precision but also decouples the materials from the printing process, thereby yielding opportunities to advance future nanophotonics and semiconductor devices.
REPTOR and CREBRF encode key regulators of muscle energy metabolism
Authors: Saavedra Pedro , Dumesic Phillip A. , Hu Yanhui , Filine Elizabeth , Jouandin Patrick , Binari Richard , Wilensky Sarah E. , Rodiger Jonathan , Wang Haiyun , Chen Weihang , Liu Ying , Spiegelman Bruce M. , Perrimon Norbert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetabolic flexibility of muscle tissue describes the adaptive capacity to use different energy substrates according to their availability. The disruption of this ability associates with metabolic disease. Here, using a Drosophila model of systemic metabolic dysfunction triggered by yorkie-induced gut tumors, we show that the transcription factor REPTOR is an important regulator of energy metabolism in muscles. We present evidence that REPTOR is activated in muscles of adult flies with gut yorkie-tumors, where it modulates glucose metabolism. Further, in vivo studies indicate that sustained activity of REPTOR is sufficient in wildtype muscles to repress glycolysis and increase tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites. Consistent with the fly studies, higher levels of CREBRF, the mammalian ortholog of REPTOR, reduce glycolysis in mouse myotubes while promoting oxidative metabolism. Altogether, our results define a conserved function for REPTOR and CREBRF as key regulators of muscle energy metabolism.
Soil moisture–atmosphere coupling accelerates global warming
Authors: Qiao Liang , Zuo Zhiyan , Zhang Renhe , Piao Shilong , Xiao Dong , Zhang Kaiwen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoil moisture–atmosphere coupling (SA) amplifies greenhouse gas-driven global warming via changes in surface heat balance. The Scenario Model Intercomparison Project projects an acceleration in SA-driven warming due to the ‘warmer climate – drier soil’ feedback, which continuously warms the globe and thereby exerts an acceleration effect on global warming. The projection shows that SA-driven warming exceeds 0.5 °C over extratropical landmasses by the end of the 21st Century. The likelihood of extreme high temperatures will additionally increase by about 10% over the entire globe (excluding Antarctica) and more than 30% over large parts of North America and Europe under the high-emission scenario. This demonstrates the high sensitivity of SA to climate change, in which SA can exceed the natural range of climate variability and play a non-linear warming component role on the globe.
Electromagnetic levitation containerless processing of metallic materials in microgravity: rapid solidification
Authors: Matson D. M. , Battezzati L. , Galenko P. K. , Gandin Ch.-A. , Gangopadhyay A. K. , Henein H. , Kelton K. F. , Kolbe M. , Valloton J. , Vogel S. C. , Volkmann T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpace levitation processing allows researchers to conduct benchmark tests in an effort to understand the physical phenomena involved in rapid solidification processing, including alloy thermodynamics, nucleation and growth, heat and mass transfer, solid/liquid interface dynamics, macro- and microstructural evolution, and defect formation. Supported by ground-based investigations, a major thrust is to develop and refine robust computational tools based on theoretical and applied approaches. This work is accomplished in conjunction with experiments designed for precise model validation with application to a broad range of industrial processes.
Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results
Authors: Lesokhin Alexander M. , Tomasson Michael H. , Arnulf Bertrand , Bahlis Nizar J. , Miles Prince H. , Niesvizky Ruben , Rodrίguez-Otero Paula , Martinez-Lopez Joaquin , Koehne Guenther , Touzeau Cyrille , Jethava Yogesh , Quach Hang , Depaus Julien , Yokoyama Hisayuki , Gabayan Afshin Eli , Stevens Don A. , Nooka Ajay K. , Manier Salomon , Raje Noopur , Iida Shinsuke , Raab Marc-Steffen , Searle Emma , Leip Eric , Sullivan Sharon T. , Conte Umberto , Elmeliegy Mohamed , Czibere Akos , Viqueira Andrea , Mohty Mohamad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElranatamab is a humanized B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-CD3 bispecific antibody. In the ongoing phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial, patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma received subcutaneous elranatamab once weekly after two step-up priming doses. After six cycles, persistent responders switched to biweekly dosing. Results from cohort A, which enrolled patients without prior BCMA-directed therapy (n = 123) are reported. The primary endpoint of confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by blinded independent central review was met with an ORR of 61.0% (75/123); 35.0% ≥complete response. Fifty responders switched to biweekly dosing, and 40 (80.0%) improved or maintained their response for ≥6 months. With a median follow-up of 14.7 months, median duration of response, progression-free survival and overall survival (secondary endpoints) have not been reached. Fifteen-month rates were 71.5%, 50.9% and 56.7%, respectively. Common adverse events (any grade; grade 3–4) included infections (69.9%, 39.8%), cytokine release syndrome (57.7%, 0%), anemia (48.8%, 37.4%), and neutropenia (48.8%, 48.8%). With biweekly dosing, grade 3–4 adverse events decreased from 58.6% to 46.6%. Elranatamab induced deep and durable responses with a manageable safety profile. Switching to biweekly dosing may improve long-term safety without compromising efficacy. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04649359.
Molecular phylogeny of mega-diverse Carabus attests late Miocene evolution of alpine environments in the Himalayan–Tibetan Orogen
Authors: Schmidt Joachim , Opgenoorth Lars , Mao Kangshan , Baniya Chitra B. , Hofmann Sylvia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe timing, sequence, and scale of uplift of the Himalayan–Tibetan Orogen (HTO) are controversially debated. Many geoscientific studies assume paleoelevations close to present-day elevations and the existence of alpine environments across the HTO already in the late Paleogene, contradicting fossil data. Using molecular genetic data of ground beetles, we aim to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental history of the HTO, focusing on its southern margin (Himalayas, South Tibet). Based on a comprehensive sampling of extratropical Carabus, and ~ 10,000 bp of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA we applied Bayesian and Maximum likelihood methods to infer the phylogenetic relationships. We show that Carabus arrived in the HTO at the Oligocene–Miocene boundary. During the early Miocene, five lineages diversified in different parts of the HTO, initially in its southern center and on its eastern margin. Evolution of alpine taxa occurred during the late Miocene. There were apparently no habitats for Carabus before the late Oligocene. Until the Late Oligocene elevations must have been low throughout the HTO. Temperate forests emerged in South Tibet in the late Oligocene at the earliest. Alpine environments developed in the HTO from the late Miocene and, in large scale, during the Pliocene–Quaternary. Findings are consistent with fossil records but contrast with uplift models recovered from stable isotope paleoaltimetry.
Assessing rural household’s food groups-and-sources and dietary diversity pattern in Malaita Province
Authors: Bird Zina , Iese Viliamu , Des Combes Helene Jacot , Alungo Bradley , Wairiu Morgan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccess to and availability of various food sources is not an issue in rural communities. However, there is no guarantee that households are not affected by nutritional inadequacy, which is still a problem in most underdeveloped nations. A mixed-methods study was conducted to determine the HDDS through the snowballing method for the last 12 months’ food groups-and-sources and the 48-h diet recall. Ninety-eight households in two rural communities surrounding Sikwafta (zone one) and Malu’u (zone two) participated in the interview between April and May 2019. The results were then analyzed through SPSS and QDA MINER. The aim is to analyze the household dietary patterns of the communities between the two zones. The study also hypothesizes that the dietary pattern of households has not changed. Results showed that a total of nine food groups were consumed: grain, white roots, tubers, plantains, oils/fats (95.90%), condiments (83.70%), and meat/poultry/sea foods (77.60%). The majority of the food consumed comes from the gardens, followed by other food sources, which make up the average HDDS of five. A correlation analysis found a statistically significant relationship between HDDS and total meal (0.504*), with no relationships between demographics. When comparing 48-h food sources-and-groups to the previous year, there was little to no difference in accessibility and availability. This implies that the majority of households are likely to achieve their nutritional needs within the parameters of their dietary trend. Even though households have adequate access to food, there is a significant need to improve their nutritional needs, even if they consume the average amount of the required food groups.