bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of postpartum medication practices with early breastfeeding cessation among mothers with chronic conditions: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Scime Natalie V. , Metcalfe Amy , Nettel‐Aguirre Alberto , Tough Suzanne C. , Chaput Kathleen H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionUse of medications is a common concern for breastfeeding women, particularly when they are strongly needed or unavoidable to manage maternal chronic conditions. Yet the influence of medication usage patterns on breastfeeding duration in mothers with chronic conditions is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine whether postpartum medication practices were associated with shorter breastfeeding duration or earlier than planned breastfeeding cessation among mothers with chronic conditions.Material and methodsWe analyzed 346 mothers with chronic conditions enrolled in a prospective, community‐based pregnancy cohort study (Alberta, Canada) who initiated breastfeeding after birth. Data were collected through self‐report questionnaires spanning late pregnancy to 6 months postpartum. Based on reported use of preexisting medications while breastfeeding, women were classified as continuing medications (reference group), discontinuing one or more medications, or those who did not use preexisting medications. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze the association of medication practices and overall breastfeeding duration in weeks. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of medication practices and earlier than planned breastfeeding cessation. Multivariable models adjusted for demographic and health‐related factors.ResultsOverall, 30.6% of women with chronic conditions stopped breastfeeding in the first 6 months, almost all of whom did so earlier than planned. In multivariable models, medication discontinuation was significantly associated with shorter breastfeeding duration (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–2.70) and earlier than planned breastfeeding cessation (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.85, 95% CI 1.01–3.42), whereas medication non‐use was not associated with differences in breastfeeding outcomes.ConclusionsWomen with chronic conditions who discontinued preexisting medications while breastfeeding had significantly shorter breastfeeding duration and were less likely to meet their breastfeeding goals in the first 6 months postpartum compared to women who continued preexisting medications.
Pregnancy‐ and birth‐related risk factors for the development of childhood celiac disease
Authors: Tanpowpong Pornthep , Li Sijia , Espinola Janice A. , Santos Ludmilla Candido , James Kaitlyn E. , Powe Camille E. , Camargo Carlos A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether pregnancy and birth‐related factors are associated with celiac disease (CD) in a large, United States (US)‐based mother‐child cohort.MethodsWe analysed data gathering from the Massachusetts General Hospital Maternal Child Cohort (MMCC) of children born between 1998 and 2016. Data included the mode of delivery, maternal pregnancy and their offspring characteristics. We searched for CD cases by using diagnosis billing codes. Cox proportional hazard regression models were created to identify variables associated with CD.ResultsWe identified 44 539 mother‐child pairs who had at least one encounter by 5 years old and identified 173 children (0.4%) with CD diagnosis; median age at the diagnosis was 6 years. Overall, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of caesarean delivery for CD was 1.39 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.96, p = 0.06) when compared to children born vaginally. After stratifying for the presence of labour, children born by Caesarean delivery without labour had a higher risk of CD (aHR 1.56; 95%CI: 1.01, 2.41; p = 0.046) while infants born by Caesarean delivery with labour did not (aHR 1.26; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.93; p = 0.28).ConclusionBeing born by Caesarean delivery without labour may be associated with an increased risk for CD in the US children.
Prolonged requirements for mechanical ventilation and tube feeding support predicted 18‐month outcomes for neonatal encephalopathy
Authors: Tsuda Kennosuke , Shibasaki Jun , Takeuchi Akihito , Mukai Takeo , Sugiyama Yuichiro , Isayama Tetsuya , Ioroi Tomoaki , Takahashi Akihito , Yutaka Nanae , Iwata Osuke ,   the Baby Cooling Registry of Japan
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimWe evaluated the predictive ability of prolonged requirements for mechanical ventilation or tube feeding support for 18‐month composite outcomes in infants with hypoxic‐ischaemic encephalopathy treated with hypothermia.MethodsThis retrospective, nationwide, observational study focused on newborn infants registered in Japan's Baby Cooling Registry between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2016. The adverse outcomes were defined as death or survival with cerebral palsy, visual or auditory impairment or the requirement for mechanical ventilation or tube feeding at 18 months of age.ResultsAdverse outcomes occurred in 165 (28%) of the 591 children in the final cohort. These were predicted by prolonged dependence on mechanical ventilation or tube feeding for more than seven and more than 14 days. The respective values were positive predictive value 0.34 (95% CI 0.33–0.34) and 0.60 (95% CI 0.56–0.62), negative predictive value 0.97 (95% CI 0.91–0.99) and 0.93 (95% CI 0.90–0.95) and area under the curve 0.59 (95% CI 0.54–0.64) and 0.81 (95% CI 0.77–0.85).ConclusionProlonged dependence on mechanical ventilation or tube feeding for more than 14 days may be useful in predicting 18‐month outcomes in newborn infants who have received therapeutic hypothermia.
Striving for personal growth matters: The relationship between personal growth initiative, teacher engagement and instructional quality
Authors: Huang Xianhan , Lam Si Man , Wang Chan , Xu Peng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundTeachers' instructional quality is critical to student learning and development. However, the affordance of different aspects of instructional quality remains underexplored.AimsThis study explores the relationship between teachers' personal growth initiative (PGI) and teacher engagement and instructional quality.SampleThe data were collected from 998 teachers (82.9% female, average years of teaching experience = 15.25, SD = 10.29) from China.MethodsThe participants completed an anonymous online survey questionnaire that examined their PGI, work engagement and self‐reported instructional quality. Structural equation modelling and bootstrapping were performed to determine the differentiated associations between PGI and each aspect of the teachers' self‐reported instructional quality.ResultsThe results confirmed the critical role of PGI in teacher engagement and self‐reported instructional quality. To varying degrees, the dimensions of teacher engagement, except for cognitive engagement, mediated the association between PGI and self‐reported instructional quality.ConclusionsThe teachers' self‐reported data showed that their motivation for personal growth played an important role in improving their instructional quality. The teachers' emotional engagement and social engagement with colleagues were positively related to classroom management, and their social engagement with students was associated with a supportive climate.
How living in economically unequal societies shapes our minds and our social lives
Authors: Peters Kim , Jetten Jolanda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, the economies of many countries have produced increasingly unequal outcomes for the rich and poor. This economic trend has attracted interest from members of the media, public and political classes as well as researchers who are interested in its societal implications. While this research has traditionally been the purview of economists and sociologists, there has been a burgeoning growth in research that has sought to understand the psychology of economic inequality. In this review, we summarize this work, focusing on two major themes: (1) how people perceive the scale of economic inequality and appraise its significance, and (2) how living in an economically unequal environment shapes people's social lives. Together, this work affirms claims that economic inequality is ‘the defining issue of our time’ (Obama, 2013) with a great deal of destructive potential. We identify important questions that await further research attention.
Victims first? Examining the place of ‘child criminal exploitation’ within ‘child first’ youth justice
Authors: Marshall Hannah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract‘Child first’ principles have become increasingly prevalent within youth justice policy in England and Wales. In parallel, the concept of ‘child criminal exploitation’ (CCE) has also emerged. On the surface, CCE compliments ‘child first’ principles by reconceptualising ‘young offenders’, who would previously have been criminalised, as children who are victims of exploitation. However, this article identifies two areas of conflict: rather than being diversionary, current responses to CCE further entrench children in the justice system; and, rather than responding holistically to unmet need among all children involved in offending, the concept of CCE functions to exclude some children from support.
Prevention of peri‐implant disease in edentulous patients with fixed implant rehabilitations
Authors: Revilla‐León Marta , Yilmaz Burak , Kois John C. , Att Wael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo provide an overview about the current approaches to prevent peri‐implant diseases in edentulous patients with complete‐arch implant‐supported prostheses, and to review the clinical applications of the latest digital technologies for implant prosthodontics.MethodsA review of the guidelines to prevent peri‐implant diseases in patient's receiving complete‐arch implant‐supported prostheses including facially driven treatment planning procedures using either conventional or digital methods, computer‐aided implant planning procedures, and prosthodontic design variables including the optimal number and distribution of dental implants, implant to abutment connection type, implant or abutment level design, screw‐ or cement‐retained alternatives, prostheses contours, and material selection is provided. Furthermore, an outline of the current therapeutic management approaches to address peri‐implant diseases is reviewed.ConclusionsClinicians should understand and know different planning and design‐related variables that can affect biological and mechanical complication rates of complete‐arch implant‐supported prostheses. Maintenance protocols are fundamental for minimizing biological and mechanical complications.
Marginal changes at bone‐level implants supporting fixed screw‐retained partial implant prostheses with or without intermediate standardised abutments: 1‐year results of a randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Maceiras Lucía , Liñares Antonio , Nóvoa Lourdes , Batalla Pilar , Mareque Santiago , Pérez Javier , Blanco Juan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare marginal changes at bone‐level implants restored with screw‐retained implant prosthesis with or without intermediate standardised abutments, after 1 year of follow‐up.Materials and MethodsThirty‐six partially edentulous patients received 72 implants. Each patient received 2 implants and a 2‐ to 4‐unit screw‐retained implant‐prosthesis. The test group received implants consisting of a screw‐retained prosthesis connected directly to the implant shoulder, while the prostheses in the control group were connected through a 3‐mm standardised intermediate abutment. Clinical and radiological data were recorded at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months in follow‐up visits.ResultsAt 12 months, the marginal bone loss was 0.17 ± 0.24 mm for the test group (19 patients) and 0.09 ± 0.15 mm for the control group (17 patients), with no statistically significant differences (p > .05). The mean probing pocket depth was 2.96 mm ± 0.46 for the test group and 2.86 ± 0.62 mm for the control group. The test and control groups showed bleeding on probing levels of 18.86 ± 14.12% and 13.73 ± 17.66%, respectively. All patients scored below 25% on the plaque index levels.ConclusionsRestoration of bone‐level implants with fixed screw‐retained partial prostheses with or without intermediate abutments presented similar radiographic and clinical outcomes after 1 year.
Apicidin attenuates memory deficits by reducing the Aβ load inAPP/PS1mice
Authors: Luo Biao , Chen Jian , Zhou Gui‐Feng , Xie Xiao‐Yong , Tang Jing , Wen Qi‐Xin , Song Li , Xie Shi‐Qi , Long Yan , Chen Guo‐Jun , Hu Xiao‐Tong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsAmyloid beta (Aβ) is an important pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) can reduce the production of toxic Aβ by activating the nonamyloidogenic pathway of amyloid precursor protein (APP). We previously found that apicidin, which is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, can promote the expression of ADAM10 and reduce the production of Aβ in vitro. This study was designed to determine the potential of apicidin treatment to reverse learning and memory impairments in an AD mouse model and the possible correlation of these effects with ADAM10.MethodsNine‐month‐old APP/PS1 mice and C57 mice received intraperitoneal injections of apicidin or vehicle for 2 months. At 11 months of age, we evaluated the memory performance of mice with Morris water maze (MWM) and context fear conditioning tests. The Aβ levels were assessed in mouse brain using the immunohistochemical method and ELISA. The expression of corresponding protein involved in proteolytic processing of APP and the phosphorylation of tau were assessed by Western blotting.ResultsApicidin reversed the deficits of spatial reference memory and contextual fear memory, attenuated the formation of Aβ‐enriched plaques, and decreased the levels of soluble and insoluble Aβ40/42 in APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, apicidin significantly increased the expression of ADAM10, improved the level of sAPPα, and reduced the production of sAPPβ, but did not affect the levels of phosphorylated tau in APP/PS1 mice.ConclusionApicidin significantly improves the AD symptoms of APP/PS1 mice by regulating the expression of ADAM10, which may contribute to decreasing the levels of Aβ rather than decreasing the phosphorylation of tau.
STAT2/Caspase3 in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis
Authors: Fu Zhibing , He Yi , Gao Lihua , Tong Xiaoliang , Zhou Lu , Zeng Jinrong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a classic chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin inflammation and abnormal biological behaviour of keratinocytes. Although Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 2 (STAT2) was found to play an important role in the Janus kinase (JAK)‐STAT signalling pathway and contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, its exact role in psoriasis remains unclear.MethodsUsing bioinformatics analysis, we identified the key pathways that significantly impacted psoriatic lesions. After identifying the critical molecule gene differentially expressed in multiple public databases using the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, clinical samples were collected to validate the gene's significance. Its functions and underlying mechanism were also investigated in vitro. Lastly, we evaluated the diagnostic and therapeutic power of the target gene using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and gene association was assessed using Spearman correlation.ResultsA significant correlation was found between cysteine‐aspartic acid protease3 (Caspase3) and STAT2, and functional enrichment analysis revealed that they were both significantly up‐regulated in psoriatic skin lesions compared to non‐lesional tissues. Functional analysis revealed that Caspase3 functioned downstream of STAT2 in psoriasis. Lastly, we found that Caspase3 and STAT2 could be potential biomarkers for diagnosing and treating psoriasis.ConclusionsIn summary, STAT2 overexpression contributes to psoriasis progression by regulating Capase3 phosphorylation to induce excessive apoptosis of keratinocytes. Meanwhile, STAT2 and Capase3 were identified as promising biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis and could be used for individualized treatments.
Lipid quantity and composition vary between three European house fly strains
Authors: Boatta F. , Jansen W. L. , Beukeboom L. W. , Ellers J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLipids are an important class of nutrients for insects, as they are the main energy source during metamorphosis and crucial for survival and reproduction. Lipid reserves in insects are mostly accumulated during larval development and can be influenced by environmental factors such as diet and temperature. Genetic factors can also affect larval lipid content and composition. Larvae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), are a valuable emerging resource for the insect feed sector, fueling a growing interest in the factors regulating larval lipid content. We investigated whether strains of three geographical origins vary in ontogeny, quantity, and composition of stored lipids in response to temperature. Italian, Spanish, and Dutch house fly larvae were reared on a similar diet at 25 and 35 °C. Larval dry weight and total lipid content were determined in early‐, mid‐, and late‐third instars by extraction of soluble lipids. The fatty acid composition was analyzed in late‐third instars using an improved extraction and derivatization protocol. We found that strain, larval stage, and temperature affected larval dry weight and absolute and relative lipid content, with significant interaction effects between these three factors. All flies were reared in a common environment, indicating a genetic component to lipid storage. Analysis of lipid composition identified 11 fatty acids, including some rarely reported in the literature. Five fatty acids accounted for 80 and 81% of the total fatty acid methyl esters detected at 25 and 35 °C, respectively. An effect of temperature but not strain was evident on the composition of the fatty acids. The observed differences in lipid content among strains and temperature conditions could be of interest for commercial rearing of the house fly.
Decreased serum levels of α‐synuclein in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings
Authors: Göverti Diğdem , Büyüklüoğlu Nihan , Nazik Yüksel Rabia , Kaya Hasan , Yücel Çiğdem , Göka Erol 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe final common pathway in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia is suggested that there is a defect in the presynaptic terminal in dopaminergic transmission, in which α‐synuclein has an important role. Peripheral biomarker studies in schizophrenia have become crucial for better diagnoses, early interventions, and personalized therapies. This study aims to compare α‐synuclein levels in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings with healthy controls, as a potential peripheral biomarker for schizophrenia.MethodsThe quantifications of α‐synuclein serum concentrations were conducted by the ELISA method. PANSS and CGI‐S were used to analyse the severity of the symptoms of the subjects. Data were analysed by nonparametric tests and the Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis.ResultsSixty‐two patients with schizophrenia (mean age: 34,8 ± 9,9, %64,5 male), their 56 unaffected siblings (mean age: 39,4 ± 11,5, %55,4 male) and 56 healthy controls (mean age: 36,2 ± 9,8, %64,3 male) were included. α‐synuclein levels were significantly lower in the patient (27,65 (12,61‐46,09) pg/ml) and the unaffected sibling groups (24,62 (15,60‐57,87) pg/ml) compared with healthy controls (45,58 (11,25‐108,30) pg/ml) (p < .001). According to the ROC analysis, the optimal cut‐off value for α‐synuclein levels in distinguishing the schizophrenia group from the control group was 42.20. The sensitivity of the measurement of serum α‐synuclein at this point was 93.5%, and the specificity was 60.7%.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that decreased levels of serum α‐synuclein may be utilized as a possible peripheral biomarker of familial risk for schizophrenia in both patients and their siblings.
L‐DOPA functions as a plant pheromone for belowground anti‐herbivory communication
Authors: Cascone Pasquale , Vuts Jozsef , Birkett Michael A. , Dewhirst Sarah , Rasmann Sergio , Pickett John A. , Guerrieri Emilio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile mechanisms of plant–plant communication for alerting neighbouring plants of an imminent insect herbivore attack have been described aboveground via the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), we are yet to decipher the specific components of plant–plant signalling belowground. Using bioassay‐guided fractionation, we isolated and identified the non‐protein amino acid l‐DOPA, released from roots of Acyrtosiphon pisum aphid‐infested Vicia faba plants, as an active compound in triggering the production of VOCs released aboveground in uninfested plants. In behavioural assays, we show that after contact with l‐DOPA, healthy plants become highly attractive to the aphid parasitoid (Aphidius ervi), as if they were infested by aphids. We conclude that l‐DOPA, originally described as a brain neurotransmitter precursor, can also enhance immunity in plants.
Compensatory responses of vital rates attenuate impacts of competition on population growth and promote coexistence
Authors: Lyu Shengman , Alexander Jake M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCompetition is among the most important factors regulating plant population and community dynamics, but we know little about how different vital rates respond to competition and jointly determine population growth and species coexistence. We conducted a field experiment and parameterised integral projection models to model the population growth of 14 herbaceous plant species in the absence and presence of neighbours across an elevation gradient (284 interspecific pairs). We found that suppressed individual growth and seedling establishment contributed the most to competition‐induced declines in population growth, although vital rate contributions varied greatly between species and with elevation. In contrast, size‐specific survival and flowering probability and seed production were frequently enhanced under competition. These compensatory vital rate responses were nearly ubiquitous (occurred in 92% of species pairs) and significantly reduced niche overlap and stabilised coexistence. Our study highlights the importance of demographic processes for regulating population and community dynamics, which has often been neglected by classic coexistence theories.
Intermittent instability is widespread in plankton communities
Authors: Rogers Tanya L. , Munch Stephan B. , Matsuzaki Shin‐ichiro S. , Symons Celia C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChaotic dynamics appear to be prevalent in short‐lived organisms including plankton and may limit long‐term predictability. However, few studies have explored how dynamical stability varies through time, across space and at different taxonomic resolutions. Using plankton time series data from 17 lakes and 4 marine sites, we found seasonal patterns of local instability in many species, that short‐term predictability was related to local instability, and that local instability occurred most often in the spring, associated with periods of high growth. Taxonomic aggregates were more stable and more predictable than finer groupings. Across sites, higher latitude locations had higher Lyapunov exponents and greater seasonality in local instability, but only at coarser taxonomic resolution. Overall, these results suggest that prediction accuracy, sensitivity to change and management efficacy may be greater at certain times of year and that prediction will be more feasible for taxonomic aggregates.