bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observing a teacher’s interactional competence in an ESOL classroom: a translanguaging perspective
Authors: Tai Kevin W. H. , Dai David Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Research on translanguaging practices in multilingual contexts has explored how translanguaging highlights the multilingual and multicultural nature of social interactions and its transformative nature in transgressing established norms and boundaries. This article aims to provide an alternative view of interactional competence by connecting it to the notion of translanguaging and its emphasis on the active deployment of multiple linguistic, semiotic, and sociocultural resources in a dynamic and integrated way. We argue for extending the notion of interactional competence as we suggest that translanguaging is the practice of drawing on a speaker’s interactional competence for constructing new configurations of language practices for communicative purposes. Such a conceptualization reinforces the meaning-making process as a locally emergent phenomenon and a jointly accomplished social action. It also conceptualizes the undertaking of co-constructing social interactions as a process of translanguaging whereby interactants need to seek out available multilingual and multimodal resources and make strategic choices among these resources in order to achieve their social actions on a moment-by-moment basis. This article utilizes Sequential-Categorial Analysis, which combines Multimodal Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorisation Analysis, in its analysis of classroom video recordings of vocabulary instruction in a beginner-level adult English-for-Speakers-of-Other-Languages classroom in order to demonstrate our argument.
Transfer and transformation mechanism of chromium in stainless steel slag in pedosphere
Authors: Cai Shuang , Wang Liguang , Zhang Yuzhu , Li Tao , Tian Tielie , Liu Tianji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe trivalent chromium (Cr) leached from stainless steel slag can be oxidized into hexavalent Cr with strong toxicity in the natural storage process, thus causing severe pollution to the surrounding soil, water, and atmosphere. Currently, the toxicity hazards caused by high Cr concentrations in plants, animals, and humans have attracted widespread attention from across the world. In this study, an overview is presented regarding the occurrence mode, leaching mechanism, and influencing factors for the presence of Cr in the soil of stainless steel slag under natural landfilling conditions. Meanwhile, a summary is made for the research progress in Cr absorption, transport, and accumulation in the soil–plant system. Besides, allowing for the toxicity and detrimental effect of Cr(vi) in the soil as well as the application of biological and chemical methods for the remediation of Cr(vi)-contaminated soil, a review is conducted on the approach to recycling Cr from stainless steel slag and the application of chemical remediation and biological methods to remedy Cr-containing soil. Finally, a discussion is conducted about the transfer and transformation behavior of Cr in soil–plant system, the practical application of soil remediation technology and the prospect of research in this field.
Fiberless optical communication: issues and challenges
Authors: Singh Shree Prakash , Shrivastava Shreesh Kumar , Sengar Sujata , Nath Soyinka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To fulfill the requirement of high data rate with variable quality of service, optical wireless communication is a better option in comparison to existing RF system and is a favorable technological candidate for future optical communication. In wireless optical communication, information is transmitted by propagation of optical wave through the atmosphere. The detrimental effects of channel parameters can acutely limit the utility of an optical wireless communication system. The paper first reviews different channel models in the context to outdoor wireless communication. Different impairments that affect the performance of outdoor optical communication systems and different techniques to mitigate these impairments are then investigated. The upper layer protocols for free space optical communication are also discussed.
“We Collect TONS of Data … We Report What We Think Our Community Cares the Most About … We Learn so Much from It:” School Librarians’ Evidence Collection and Sharing Practices
Authors: Moore Jennifer , Cahill Maria , DiScala Jeffrey , Wang Wanyi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEvidence-based practice (EBP) offers school librarians a systematic process for developing, assessing, and revising their school library programs. Two of the seven steps in this process involve collecting and sharing meaningful evidence with appropriate stakeholders, often for advocacy purposes, strategically selecting communication channels and methods aligned with target audiences. Through a survey collecting both quantitative and qualitative data, 161 school librarians in Kentucky, Virginia, and Texas shared their experiences with evidence-based practice. The study reported here focuses on school librarians’ evidence collection and sharing practices. Findings indicate school librarians collect easily obtainable data and share evidence of practice widely; however, they are most likely to share with building-level administrators, and the channels through which they communicate with school personnel differ from those chosen to communicate with other stakeholder groups. Approximately half of participants share evidence for advocacy purposes, and only slightly more than half share evidence of their practice with other school librarians.
Männliche Opfernarrative und rechtsextreme Einstellungen bei jungen Menschen: Validierung und Anwendung eines Instrumentes zur Erfassung maskulistischer Bedrohungsgefühle
Authors: Fischer Jannik M. K. , Farren Diego 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Männliche Opfernarrative aktivieren gruppenbezogene maskulistische Bedrohungsgefühle, womit sie ein bedeutsamer Faktor für die Entstehung und Verbreitung antifeministischer und rechtsextremer Einstellungen sind. So fungieren sie als Scharnier zwischen öffentlichen und rechten Diskursen und stellen sowohl ein effektives Werkzeug zur Mobilisierung als auch Radikalisierung für populistische wie auch extremistische Akteure dar. Dieser Artikel stellt die aus vier Items bestehende Skala maskulistischer Bedrohungsgefühle (SMBG) vor, die mit ihrer Messung am Schnittpunkt von Männlichkeitsnormen und negativen sozialen Emotionen, die durch eine wahrgenommene Viktimisierung von Männern und Männlichkeit ausgelöst wurden, ansetzt. Die Itemselektion und Validierung der SMBG basiert auf einer Online-Befragung (n = 486) von jungen Menschen im Alter zwischen 16 und 25 Jahren. Es zeigt sich, dass die SMBG psychometrischen Gütekriterien hinreichend entspricht. Sie weist hohe Korrelationen mit allen drei Dimensionen der Male Role Norms Scale (MRNS) sowie moderate bis hohe Korrelationen mit homophoben und anti-genderistischen Einstellungen sowie der Befürwortung der Wehrpflicht auf. Die Anwendung der SMBG anhand hierarchischer linearer Regressionsmodelle zeigt zudem ihre Eignung zur Vorhersage rechtsextremer Einstellungen auch unter Kontrolle der Dimensionen der MRNS auf.
Selective laser melting of Ti6Al4V alloy: effects of process parameters at constant energy density on mechanical properties, residual stress, microstructure and relative density
Authors: Önder Sinan , Saklakoğlu Nurşen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Selective laser melting is a production method that results in a large amount of residual stress due to high cooling rates and high thermal gradients. Although there are many studies examining the effects of process parameters on residual stress or mechanical properties in the literature, there are a few studies investigating the effects of changing laser power and scanning velocity (exposure time) at constant energy density on residual stress or mechanical properties and these studies have different results. This is a comprehensive study in this field that includes detailed comparisons with the results of similar studies in the literature. In this study, firstly specimens were produced at different process parameters and it was tried to find the process parameters that will obtain the highest relative density among the trials. Then at the constant energy density (85.0 J mm−3), which the maximum density has been obtained the effects of changing laser power and scanning velocity on residual stress, mechanical properties, microstructure and relative density were investigated. It was observed that at constant energy density, increasing or decreasing laser power and scanning velocity did not increase or decrease residual stress, tensile strength, % elongation and relative density monotonously.
A modified Johnson–Cook constitutive model for titanium alloy TA31 and its implementation into FE
Authors: Liang Pei , Zhang Jie , Kong Ning 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The accuracy of high-temperature constitutive models is essential for the establishment and optimization of thermomechanical processing, and is one of the most relevant factors determining the reliability of finite element simulation results. In this study, attention is paid to propose a new coupled Johnson–Cook constitutive model for predicting the flow behaviors of titanium alloy TA31 composed of bimodal microstructure, and to implement it in the finite element software Abaqus. The proposed model not only takes into account the strain softening phenomenon of titanium alloy but also the coupled interactions of strain, strain rate and temperature. The correlation coefficient R and average absolute relative error AARE of the modified constitutive equation were 0.9885 and 3.6%, respectively. The mathematical formulation of the new constitutive model allows for accurate predictions of the flow stress of TA31 titanium alloy, while retaining a low identification cost of the unknown coefficients. A subroutine VUHARD of this model was developed, and its reliability was verified in the case of the modeling of one element test. It is helpful to understand the deformation behavior of titanium alloy TA31 and provide valuable references for optimizing the thermomechanical processing.
The effect of shielding gas on weldability of the AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel
Authors: Açar İ. , Çevik B. , Gülenç B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Most of weld defects occurring in the welding of martensitic stainless steels are caused by the presence of hydrogen. Thus, the effects of hydrogen in the weld zone need to be well-understood to estimate the quality and service life of martensitic stainless steel joints. In the present study, AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel materials were welded by using different combinations of shielding gas via the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method. It is known that shielding gases also play a critical role in heat input, cooling rate, microstructure of weld seam, weld defects, and mechanical properties besides drying of molten weld pool. Thus, it is important to investigate the effects of shielding gases and gas combinations on the welding of martensitic stainless steels in the welding process. In the present study, 100 % Ar, 97 % Ar + 3 % H2 and 93 % Ar + 7 % H2 gas combinations were employed. The welded sheets were subjected to the metallographic examination as well as hardness, tensile, and bending tests. The effect of the tests and the combination of shielding gas on the mechanical and microstructural properties of AISI 420 stainless steel was investigated. The results indicated that a noticeable grain coarsening occurred in the microstructure of the weld metal and heat affected zones (HAZs) after the addition of H2 into the Ar gas during the welding process. The highest tensile strength was obtained from the joints with 100 % Ar gas. As a result of the tensile test, rupture occurred in the base metal-HAZ transition zone in all the welded samples. In the joints welded with 97 % Ar + 3 % H2 and 93 % Ar + 7 % H2 gas combinations, fracture occurred in the base metal-HAZ transition zone during the bending test.
Analysis of the interactions between nonoxide reinforcements and Al–Si–Cu–Mg matrices
Authors: Alfonso Ismeli , González Federico , Soto Tania E. , Vargas Joel , Aguilar Claudio , Figueroa Ignacio A. , González Gonzalo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Nonoxide ceramics excel among the reinforcements used for aluminum matrix composites due to their variety of morphologies and mechanical properties. Among these reinforcements are carbides (SiC, B4C, and WC); carbon materials (graphite, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and graphene); nitrides (silicon nitride [Si3N4] and BN); and hollow Fe spheres. Although the effect of adding different percentages of reinforcements has been widely studied for Al matrices, matrix–reinforcement interactions need more attention. The consequences of these interactions can include interface formation, loss of alloying elements, reinforcement deterioration, modifications in the matrix microstructure, different precipitation sequences and kinetics, and interfacial diffusion of elements. These interactions may be significantly modified by the alloying elements, needing more in-depth analyses for a correct selection of the matrix–reinforcement system. Al matrices with Si, Cu, and Mg outstand, and the focus of the present work is their reciprocal interactions with nonoxide reinforcements. The novelty of this review consists of the analysis and discussion of these interactions, emphasizing the modifications originated by each one of these alloying elements, and the conditions needed to increase or avoid their effects on the composite. Besides, an analysis of the crystallography of the generated interfaces is presented, including their impact on mechanical properties. This could be helpful for a better understanding and selection of the matrix–reinforcement system, also serving as a benchmark study.
How does formal and informal industry contribute to lead exposure? A narrative review from Vietnam, Uruguay, and Malaysia
Authors: Poudel Kritika , Ikeda Atsuko , Fukunaga Hisanori , Brune Drisse Marie-Noel , Onyon Lesley Jayne , Gorman Julia , Laborde Amalia , Kishi Reiko 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Lead industries are one of the major sources of environmental pollution and can affect human through different activities, including industrial processes, metal plating, mining, battery recycling, etc. Although different studies have documented the various sources of lead exposure, studies highlighting different types of industries as sources of environmental contamination are limited. Therefore, this narrative review aims to focus mainly on lead industries as significant sources of environmental and human contamination.

Content
Based on the keywords searched in bibliographic databases we found 44 relevant articles that provided information on lead present in soil, water, and blood or all components among participants living near high-risk areas. We presented three case scenarios to highlight how lead industries have affected the health of citizens in Vietnam, Uruguay, and Malaysia.

Summary and Outlook
Factories conducting mining, e-waste processing, used lead-acid battery recycling, electronic repair, and toxic waste sites were the primary industries for lead exposure. Our study has shown lead exposure due to industrial activities in Vietnam, Uruguay, Malaysia and calls for attention to the gaps in strategic and epidemiologic efforts to understand sources of environmental exposure to lead fully. Developing strategies and guidelines to regulate industrial activities, finding alternatives to reduce lead toxicity and exposure, and empowering the public through various community awareness programs can play a crucial role in controlling exposure to lead.
Do they do as they say?
Authors: Sohns Franziska , Wójcik Dariusz 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper responds to Bathelt and Li’s (2020) call for selecting more appropriate methods and improving their rigour by evaluating the feasibility of using factorial surveys to anticipate future relocation behaviour. By utilising a case study approach, focussing on Brexit and the UK FinTech industry, the paper examines to what extent business managers’ relocation intentions are driven by factors similar to those known to drive actual relocation behaviour and compares business managers’ relocation intentions with their companies’ actual relocation outcomes. We use a factorial survey conducted in 2018, which allows us to quantitatively analyse the impact of different Brexit scenarios and selected company characteristics on business managers’ likelihood to intend to relocate their UK business unit (or some functions thereof) to the EU and/or the US. Additionally, we collected qualitative secondary data on the actual relocation outcomes of the surveyed companies in February 2022 by investigating online platforms, such as LinkedIn, Companies House, and Crunchbase, as well as company webpages. The results of this mixed-methods approach highlight a significant variation in business managers’ intentions, and the importance of geographical and institutional proximity for relocation intentions and outcomes. We show that business managers’ relocation intentions are driven by factors similar to those known to drive actual relocation behaviour, such as their perception of the economic consequences of different Brexit scenarios, their territorial embeddedness, as well as their nationality. Most importantly, our findings indicate that, although factorial surveys are only moderately accurate when predicting the exact extent and destination of actual relocation, they are highly accurate when predicting whether a company relocates or not.
Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative on regional outward FDI from China based on evidence from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Li Yuanyuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Firms from different provinces in China and their different reactions to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) are studied in this research. Initial results from 27.547 outward foreign direct investment (FDI) projects by Chinese firms between 2000 and 2015 regarding the home region profile, host country choice, and FDI motives of the investment firms before and in the early years of the launch of the BRI policy are investigated. The findings show that Chinese firms from eastern provinces that have accumulated a large quantity of inward FDI are more likely than firms from western provinces to switch their investments to BRI-involved countries and engage in a more diverse set of outward FDI motives. These findings help interpret the behavior of Chinese multinationals in the current (de)globalization era, namely using the BRI to circumvent FDI barriers imposed by advanced western economies.
Kinetic and Kinematic Assessment of the Band-Assisted Countermovement Jump
Authors: Fernandes John F.T. , Arede Jorge , Clarke Hannah , Garcia-Ramos Amador , Perez-Castilla Alejandro , Norris Jonty P. , Wilkins Celeste A. , Dingley Amelia F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fernandes, JFT, Arede, J, Clarke, H, Garcia-Ramos, A, Perez-Castilla, A, Norris, JP, Wilkins, CA, and Dingley, AF. Kinetic and kinematic assessment of the band-assisted countermovement jump. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1588–1593, 2023—This study sought to elucidate kinetic and kinematic differences between unloaded and band-assisted countermovement jumps (CMJs). In a randomized order, 20 healthy subjects (mass 84.5 ± 18.6 kg) completed 3 repetitions of CMJs across 3 conditions: unloaded (at body mass), low, and moderate band (8.4 ± 1.9 and 13.3 ± 3.3 kg body mass reduction, respectively). For all repetitions, a force platform and linear position transducer were used to record and calculate kinetic and kinematic data. Body mass was significantly different between the unloaded, low, and moderate band conditions (p < 0.05). Peak velocity, absolute peak, and mean force and movement duration displayed a trend that was mostly related to the condition (i.e., unloaded > low > moderate) (p < 0.05). The opposing trend (i.e., moderate > low > unloaded) was generally observed for relative peak and mean force, reactive strength index modified, and flight time (p < 0.05). No differences were observed for mean velocity, movement duration, and absolute and relative landing forces (p > 0.05). The use of band assistance during CMJs can alter force, time, and velocity variables. Practitioners should be aware of the potential positive and negative effects of band assistance during CMJs.
Temperature Dependence of Cleavage Fracture Toughness for an Ultrahigh Strength Martensitic Steel
Authors: Barbosa Vitor S. , Gomes Vinicius M. C. , Ruggieri Claudio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This work conducts an exploratory evaluation of the brittle fracture behavior for an ultrahigh strength martensitic steel using conventional three-point bend SE(B) and precracked Charpy V-notch (PCVN) specimens. A primary purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness of the Master Curve methodology in providing a reliable estimate of the reference temperature (T0) derived from fracture toughness data sets measured in the ductile-to-brittle transition (DBT) region of an ultrahigh strength, low alloy martensitic steel. Fracture toughness testing conducted on three-point bend SE(B) specimens and PCVN configurations at different test temperatures in the DBT region provides the cleavage fracture resistance data in terms of the J-integral at cleavage instability, Jc, and its corresponding KJc-values for the tested material. Although this class of ultrahigh strength steel having a martensitic microstructure is currently beyond the reach of ASTM E1921, Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range, the analyses described here show that the predicted normalized curves of median fracture toughness versus temperature are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.
Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dalam Mata Pelajaran Matematika Pada Siswa Kelas IV
Authors: Rahmawati Dewi Sinta , Wafiqni Nafia 
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the increase in learning outcomes of mathematics, the subject of estimation and rounding in IV grade students of SDN in the 2021/2022 academic year. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which consists of two cycles and four stages. The data collection technique used was observation while students were participating in the learning process and using tests in the form of questions carried out at the end of the cycle as well as documentation during learning activities.The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model in each cycle. In the first cycle, student learning outcomes reached 53% of 32 students and only 17 students completed. Furthermore, in cycle II there was an increase with learning outcomes reaching 91% completeness and only 3 students who did not complete. The conclusion of this study is that efforts to use the Project Based Learning model can improve mathematics learning outcomes for IV grade students at SDN .