bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Re‐Doped p‐Type Thermoelectric SnSe Polycrystals with Enhanced Power Factor and High ZT > 2
Authors: Su Bin , Han Zhanran , Jiang Yilin , Zhuang Hua‐Lu , Yu Jincheng , Pei Jun , Hu Haihua , Li Jing‐Wei , He Yu‐Xiao , Zhang Bo‐Ping , Li Jing‐Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThermoelectric technology enables the direct interconversion between heat and electricity. SnSe has received increasing interest as a new promising thermoelectric compound due to its exceptionally high performance reported in crystals. SnSe possesses intrinsic low thermal conductivity as a congenital advantage for thermoelectric, but high thermoelectric performance can be hardly achieved due to the difficulty to realize efficient doping to raise its low carrier concentration to an optimal level. In this work, it is found that a series of rare earth elements are effective dopants for SnSe, which can greatly improve the electrical transport properties of p‐type polycrystalline SnSe. In particular, the remarkable enhancement in electrical conductivity and power factor is achieved by Na/Er co‐doping at 873 K. The lattice thermal conductivity is reduced due to the presence of abundant defects (dislocations, stacking faults, and twin boundaries). Consequently, a peak thermoelectric figure of merit ZT (2.1) as well as a high average ZT (0.77) are achieved in polycrystalline SnSe.
The Efficacy of Nanoparticle Delivery to Hypoxic Solid Tumors by ciRGD Co‐Administration Depends on Neuropilin‐1 and Neutrophil Levels
Authors: Izci Mukaddes , Maksoudian Christy , Gonçalves Filipa , Pérez Gilabert Irati , Rios Luci Carla , Bolea‐Fernandez Eduardo , Vanhaecke Frank , Manshian Bella B. , Soenen Stefaan J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ability to improve nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors is an actively studied domain, where various mechanisms are looked into. In previous work, the authors have looked into nanoparticle size, tumor vessel normalization, and disintegration, and here it is aimed to continue this work by performing an in‐depth mechanistic study on the use of ciRGD peptide co‐administration. Using a multiparametric approach, it is observed that ciRGD can improve nanoparticle delivery to the tumor itself, but also to tumor cells specifically better than vessel normalization strategies. The effect depends on the level of tumor perfusion, hypoxia, neutrophil levels, and vessel permeability. This work shows that upon characterizing tumors for these parameters, conditions can be selected that can optimally benefit from ciRGD co‐administration as a means to improve NP delivery to solid tumors.
Tailoring Oxygen Reduction Reaction Kinetics on Perovskite Oxides via Oxygen Vacancies for Low‐Temperature and Knittable Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Huang Hongjiao , Huang Aoming , Liu Di , Han Wentao , Kuo Chun‐Han , Chen Han‐Yi , Li Linlin , Pan Hui , Peng Shengjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh kinetics oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts under low temperature are critical and highly desired for temperature‐tolerant energy conversion and storage devices, but remain insufficiently investigated. Herein, oxygen vacancy‐rich porous perovskite oxide (CaMnO3) nanofibers coated with reduced graphene oxide coating (V‐CMO/rGO) are developed as the air electrode catalyst for low‐temperature and knittable Zn–air batteries. V‐CMO/rGO exhibits top‐level ORR activity among perovskite oxides and shows impressive kinetics under low temperature. Experimental and theoretical calculation results reveal that the synergistic effect between metal atoms and oxygen vacancies, as well as the accelerated kinetics and enhanced electric conductivity and mass transfer over the rGO coated nanofiber 3D network contribute to the enhanced catalytic activity. The desorption of ORR intermediate is promoted by the regulated electron filling. The V‐CMO/rGO drives knittable and flexible Zn–air batteries under a low temperature of −40 °C with high peak power density of 56 mW cm−2 and long cycle life of over 80 h. This study provides insight of kinetically active catalyst and facilitates the ZABs application in harsh environment.
Record Stability for Fully Passive Perovskite‐Based X‐Ray Detectors Through the Use of Starch as Templating Agent
Authors: Verdi Matteo , Giuri Antonella , Ciavatti Andrea , Rizzo Aurora , Esposito Corcione Carola , Basiricò Laura , Colella Silvia , Fraboni Beatrice 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh sensitivity and efficient X‐ray detectors are needed to promote and boost their application as tools in medical diagnostics and radiotherapy. Lead halide perovskites have emerged recently as a novel class of material for efficient X‐ray detection. Although 3D perovskites possess very interesting optoelectronic properties they suffer from low environmental and operational stability. Here a strategy based on using starch as a polymeric template for the fabrication of stable thin film perovskite X‐ray detectors is reported. The proposed p‐i‐n photodiodes can operate with no external bias applied (fully passive devices), reaching a top sensitivity of 5.5 ± 0.2 µC Gy−1 s−1. The device degradation is monitored for samples stored in air for a time window of 630 days, demonstrating exceptional stability: 97% of the initial sensitivity is retained for the best perovskite‐starch composite formulation making it the most stable unencapsulated perovskite X‐ray detector reported so far.
Endothelial Cell Selectivity to Nanoparticles Depends on Mechanical Phenotype
Authors: Fattahi Pouria , Yeh Yin‐Ting , Zhao Tiankai , Younesi Mousa , Huang Changjin , Terrones Mauricio , Zheng Siyang , Brown Justin L. , Huh Dan Dongeun , Zhang Sulin , Butler Peter J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEndothelial cells (ECs) elongate in the direction of blood flow, are stiffer, and are considered atheroprotective in areas of the vasculature where flow‐induced shear stress is high and unidirectional and are softer, atherogenic, and polygonal in areas experiencing oscillatory multidirectional flow. To understand the precise roles of EC mechanics and morphology in the uptake of therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) by atherogenic endothelium, human aortic ECs are induced to adopt prescribed shapes and areas imposed by microcontact patterned adhesive islands. NP uptake per cell increases with increasing spreading area and decreases with increasing cell aspect ratio at constant cell spreading area. Biomechanical analysis shows that elongated cells exhibit higher cellular stress and stiffer membranes than cells with low aspect ratios, indicating a strong correlation between morphology, mechanical phenotype, and NP uptake. Further, ECs elongated by high laminar shear endocytosed NPs to a far lesser extent than those that are nonelongated in the chaotic, lower shear areas when cocultured in the same chamber. Results indicate that conditions leading to atherogenesis, such as low, chaotic shear‐induction of EC polygonal morphology may be used to increase the uptake of therapeutic NPs as a preventative measure against atherosclerosis.
Tunable Magnetic and Optical Anisotropy in ZrO2‐Co Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Yizhi , Song Jiawei , Lu Ping , Deitz Julia , Zhang Di , Dou Hongyi , Shen Jianan , Hu Zedong , Zhang Xinghang , Wang Haiyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetamaterials have gained great research interest in recent years owing to their potential for property tunability, multifunctionality, and property coupling. As a new group of self‐assembled thin films, vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN)‐based hybrid metamaterials have been demonstrated with significant anisotropic physical properties and a broad range of property tailorability, such as optical anisotropy, magnetic anisotropy, hyperbolic dispersion, and enhanced second harmonic generation properties. Herein, self‐assembled ZrO2‐Co nanocomposite films, with high epitaxial quality and ultra‐fine vertically aligned Co nanopillars (with an average diameter of ≈2 nm) embedded in a ZrO2 matrix, are fabricated using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. The Co pillar density can be effectively tuned by varying the Co concentration in the target, which results in tunable optical properties and magnetic properties. Specifically, a high saturation magnetization of 100 emu cm−3, strong out‐of‐plane magnetic anisotropy and tailorable magnetization properties are achieved via tuning the Co nanopillar density. Coupled with hyperbolic dispersion of dielectric constant from 950 to 1500 nm in wavelength, plasmonic Co metal nanopillars, and the unique dielectric ZrO2 matrix, this new nanoscale hybrid metamaterial shows great potential for future integrated optical and magnetic device designs.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Boron‐Doped Al2O3 Dielectric Films
Authors: Li Xinzhi , Vehkamäki Marko , Chundak Mykhailo , Mizohata Kenichiro , Vihervaara Anton , Leskelä Markku , Putkonen Matti , Ritala Mikko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper presents preparation of boron‐doped Al2O3 thin films by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using phenylboronic acid (PBA) and trimethylaluminum (TMA) as precursors. Deposition temperatures of 160–300 °C are studied, giving a maximum growth per cycle (GPC) of 0.77 Å at 200 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used to study the surface morphology and roughness of the films. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), Time‐of‐flight elastic recoil detection analysis (ToF‐ERDA), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are used to study the composition of the films. An annealing process is carried out at 450 °C for 1 h to investigate its effect on the elemental composition and electrical properties of the boron‐doped Al2O3 thin films. The boron‐doped Al2O3 70 nm thick film deposited at 200 °C has a boron content of 3.7 at.% with low leakage current density (10−9 to 10−6 A cm−2) when the film thickness is 70 nm. The dielectric constant of this boron doped Al2O3 film is 5.18.
High‐Performance Thin‐Film VCSELs Integrated with a Copper‐Plated Heatsink
Authors: Moon Sunghyun , Yun Yeojun , Kwon Ohdo , Nam Yonghyun , Kim Donghwan , Choi Won‐jin , Kim Sangin , Lee Jaejin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance continuous‐wave (CW) vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers (VCSELs) rely on efficient thermal management for which top‐emitting 930 nm thin‐film VCSELs are integrated with a copper‐plated heatsink by using a double‐transfer technique, exhibiting the low‐power consumption, high‐power, and temperature‐stable VCSEL operation. In this study, the top‐emitting 930 nm thin‐film VCSEL structures, including the highly n‐doped GaAs ohmic and lattice‐matched InGaP etch‐stop layers, are epitaxially grown via a low‐pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP‐MOCVD) system. The electrical and optical properties of the substrate‐removal thin‐film VCSELs are investigated under CW operation, compared to those of the bulk‐type VCSELs onto the n‐GaAs substrates. The differential series resistance (85.92 Ω) of the thin‐film VCSEL is 9.16% lower than 94.59 Ω of the bulk‐type VCSEL onto the n‐GaAs substrates. The thermal resistance (607 K W−1) of the thin‐film VCSEL is 46.33% lower than 1131 K W−1of the bulk‐type VCSEL, by which the maximum peak power (11.70 mW) of the thin‐film VCSEL at 24 mA is 12.07% higher than 10.44 mW of the bulk‐type VCSEL at 22.40 mA under room temperature (25 °C).
Ceramic Open Cell Foams Featuring Plasmonic Hybrid Metal Nanoparticles for In Situ SERS Monitoring of Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Guo Tongwei , Murshed M. Mangir , Rezwan Kurosch , Maas Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work presents porous zirconia‐toughened alumina ceramics functionalized with Au@Pd/Au@Pt core–shell nanoparticle (NP) for in situ monitoring of catalytic reactions via surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) which is augmented by the open cell foam structure of the ceramic support. In this respect, the porous ceramic enables efficient light trapping and propagation onto the coated surface, which provides good accessibility of the catalyst, while the core–shell particles are equipped with a catalytically active shell and a plasmonic core which enables SERS sensing. The metallic hybrid core–shell NPs are synthesized by the Au‐seed mediated method and colloidally deposited onto the open porous ceramic matrix prepared via the polymer replica method. The Au@Pt NP functionalized porous ceramic show a Raman enhancement factor up to 106, which is significantly higher than that of non‐porous samples. In situ reaction monitoring via SERS is demonstrated by the Pt‐catalyzed reduction of 4‐nitrothiophenol to 4‐aminothiophenol, showing high specificity for analysis of reactants and products. This multifunctional material concept featuring ceramics‐augmented SERS and catalytic activity could be extended beyond real‐time, sensitive reaction monitoring toward high temperature reactions, photothermal catalysis, bioprocessing and ‐sensing, green energy conversion, and related applications.
Development of an Antimicrobial Peptide SAAP‐148‐Functionalized Supramolecular Coating on Titanium to Prevent Biomaterial‐Associated Infections
Authors: Schmitz Moniek G. J. , Riool Martijn , de Boer Leonie , Vrehen Annika F. , Bartels Paul A. A. , Zaat Sebastian A. J. , Dankers Patricia Y. W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTitanium implants are widely used in medicine but have a risk of biomaterial‐associated infection (BAI), of which traditional antibiotic‐based treatment is affected by resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are used to successfully kill antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. Herein, a supramolecular coating for titanium implants is developed which presents the synthetic antimicrobial and antibiofilm peptide SAAP‐148 via supramolecular interactions using ureido‐pyrimidinone supramolecular units (UPy‐SAAP‐148GG). Material characterization of dropcast coatings shows the presence of UPy‐SAAP‐148GG at the surface. The supramolecular immobilized peptide remains antimicrobially active in dropcast polymer films and can successfully kill (antibiotic‐resistant) Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Escherichia coli. Minor toxicity for human dermal fibroblasts is observed, with a reduced cell attachment after 24 h. Subsequently, a dipcoat coating on titanium implants is developed and tested in vivo in a subcutaneous implant infection mouse model with S. aureus administered locally on the implant before implantation to mimic contamination during surgery. The supramolecular coating containing 5 mol% of UPy‐SAAP‐148GG significantly prevents colonization of the implant surface as well as of the surrounding tissue, with no signs of toxicity. This shows that supramolecular AMP coatings on titanium are eminently suitable to prevent BAI.
Optically Transparent Metasurface with High RF Transmittance and Wide‐Angle Stability for Dual Bands and Dual Polarizations
Authors: Jiang Rui Zhe , Wu Jun Wei , Ma Qian , Liang Jing Cheng , Wu Li Jie , Zhou Qun Yan , Dai Jun Yan , Cheng Qiang , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlass windows are an important part of indoor‐to‐outdoor wireless communication channels, but the transmission loss of the normal glass limits the quality of the radio frequency (RF) signals, especially for the transverse‐electric (TE) polarized waves incident at large angles due to the impendence mismatch. Although some design methods for wide‐angle high RF transmission (WHRT) have been proposed recently, they can only work in a single frequency band. Here, an optically transparent metasurface is presented to realize high RF transmissions for dual polarizations in dual bands (2.2–3.2 and 4.4–5.2 GHz) and wide incidence angles (0–80°). The central frequencies of the two bands can be tuned independently by changing the structural parameters. A theory based on the transmission line (TL) model is proposed to explain the mechanism of the design, and a prototype is fabricated by using flexible printed circuit technology. The measured results of the prototype have good agreement with numerical calculations and full‐wave simulations. The design is expected to be beneficial to improve the quality of wireless signals in 5G systems.
Topologically Enabled On‐Chip THz Taper‐Free Waveguides
Authors: Li Wenhao , Chen Qiaolu , Sun Yiwen , Han Song , Liu Xudong , Mei Zhijie , Xu Xuejiao , Fan Shuting , Qian Zhengfang , Chen Hongsheng , Yang Yihao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWaveguide tapers are seemingly indispensable elements in silicon photonics that usually operate adiabatically to maximize the coupling efficiency between waveguides with different cross‐sections, which, however, necessitate large footprints. To date, great efforts have been made to minimize the tapers’ footprints while maintaining their efficiency. Contrary to conventional wisdom, here, a concept of taper‐free waveguides is proposed in which waveguides with different cross‐sections couple with each other efficiently without using tapers, which are enabled by the recently discovered photonic topological phases. This concept is experimentally demonstrated on an all‐silicon on‐chip terahertz (THz) wave platform. It is further shown that the topologically enabled taper‐free waveguides are robust against sharp corners and large‐area potential barriers. This work provides a promising taper‐free solution for future compact optical/THz photonic integrated circuits.
Smart Anti‐Counterfeiting Inks: Controlled Luminescence Polarization and Its Fixation by Photoisomerization and Subsequent Photopolymerization of Cyanostilbene‐Based Liquid Crystal Monomers
Authors: Koo Jahyeon , Kim Minwook , Hyeong Jaeseok , Yu Dongmin , Kim Sanghee , Jang Junhwa , Oh Mintaek , Wi Youngjae , Ko Hyeyoon , Jeong Kwang‐Un 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo identify and protect authentics from counterfeits, anti‐counterfeiting materials are developed. In spite of many advances in luminescent anti‐counterfeiting materials, there is still a need for easily processible, multilevel anti‐counterfeiting materials. Here, the study reports a novel strategy for the production of smart anti‐counterfeiting inks and films using a cyanostilbene‐based liquid crystal (LC) monomer (CSRM). This smart ink is prepared by mixing CSRM and conventional nematic LC monomers. The optimized ink with a nematic mesophase is uniaxially oriented by simple shear coating for high transmittance and linearly polarized light emission. Upon subsequent irradiation with 365 nm UV light using a photomask, a phase transition to an isotropic state occurs by photoisomerization of CSRM in selected areas, resulting in unpolarized photoluminescence in those areas. Two optically different regions (UV treated and untreated) can be permanently fixed by photopolymerization under 460 nm blue light. Multilevel anti‐counterfeiting labels programmed by simple shear coating, molecular self‐assembly, selective photoisomerization, and photopolymerization fixation can provide a new insight in developing smart anti‐counterfeiting inks and films.
Dissymmetrically Substituted Diphosphines with Two Atropisomeric Axes and Their Application in Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines
Authors: Hedouin Gaspard , Abed Ali Abdine Racha , Dherbassy Quentin , Michon Christophe , Funes‐Ardoiz Ignacio , Colobert Françoise , Wencel‐Delord Joanna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the great potential and widespread applications, the majority of diphosphine ligands used in asymmetric catalysis are C2‐symmetric and their structural modifications are often limited. Herein, we reported the design of original enantiopure dissymmetrical diphosphines, BiaxPhos, bearing two atropisomeric axes. Their original chiral architecture combined with important modularity, renders BiaxPhos ligands appealing candidates for asymmetric catalysis, as illustrated by the Ir‐BiaxPhos catalyzed asymmetric imines hydrogenation, furnishing chiral amines with excellent enantioselectivities under mild conditions. Remarkably, combined experimental mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations delineate yet unexplored mechanistic scenario implying the hydrogenation of the enamine tautomeric form instead of the classic reduction of the imine.
Mitochondria‐Targeting BODIPY Probes for Imaging of Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Ye Yingsong , Sun Jiali , Tang Fang , Xie Ruijie , Wang Hui , Ding Aixiang , Pan Sijun , Li Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROSs) are an important class of signaling molecules that play a critical role in regulating physiological processes in the human body. Mitochondria are the primary site of ROSs production, and abnormal concentrations of ROSs can lead to the malignant proliferation of cells, resulting in diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to detect ROSs in mitochondria. Fluorometric methods have gained significant attention from scientists because of their ease of observation, simplicity of operation, and noninvasiveness. Among the fluorescent dyes, boron‐dipyrromethene (BODIPY) stands out for its high quantum yield, large molar extinction coefficient, and excellent chemical stability, making it widely used in fluorescent imaging. The common design principle of fluorescent probe for the detection of ROSs includes photo‐induced electron transfer, intramolecular charge transfer, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. This paper provides an overview of BODIPY‐based fluorescent probes designed for imaging ROSs in mitochondria, covering the sensing mechanisms, molecular engineering strategies, and recent advancements. Additionally, the review provides insight into the potential clinical applications of mitochondria‐targeting BODIPY probes in disease diagnosis.
Alveoli‐Like Multifunctional Scaffolds for Optical and Electrochemical In Situ Monitoring of Cellular Responses from Type II Pneumocytes
Authors: Eom Seonghyeon , Lee So Yeon , Park Jung Tae , Choi Inhee 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile breathing, alveoli are exposed to external irritants, which contribute to the pathogenesis of lung disease. Therefore, in situ monitoring of alveolar responses to stimuli of toxicants under in vivo environments is important to understand lung disease. For this purpose, 3D cell cultures are recently employed for examining cellular responses of pulmonary systems exposed to irritants; however, most of them have used ex situ assays requiring cell lysis and fluorescent labeling. Here, an alveoli‐like multifunctional scaffold is demonstrated for optical and electrochemical monitoring of cellular responses of pneumocytes. Porous foam with dimensions like the alveoli structure is used as a backbone for the scaffold, wherein electroactive metal–organic framework crystals, optically active gold nanoparticles, and biocompatible hyaluronic acid are integrated. The fabricated multifunctional scaffold allows for label‐free detection and real‐time monitoring of oxidative stress released in pneumocytes under toxic‐conditions via redox‐active amperometry and nanospectroscopy. Moreover, cellular behavior can be statistically classified based on fingerprint Raman signals collected from the cells on the scaffold. The developed scaffold is expected to serve as a promising platform to investigate cellular responses and disease pathogenesis, owing to its versatility in monitoring electrical and optical signals from cells in situ in the 3D microenvironments.