bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repressing IRS1/2 by NT157 inhibits the malignant behaviors of ovarian cancer through inactivating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and inducing autophagy
Authors: Li Cai‐Xia , Men Chuan‐Di , Yang Wei‐Hong , Chen Rong , Zhu Ji‐Hui , Cheng Zhong‐Ping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInsulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 (IRS1/2) have been found involved in many cancers development and their inhibitors exert significant tumor‐suppressive effects. Here, we tried to explore the function of NT157, an IGF1R‐IRS1/2 inhibitor, in ovarian cancer. We treated ovarian cancer cells with varying doses of NT157. The MTT assay was employed to evaluate cell proliferation and colony formation assay was used for detecting colony‐forming ability. TUNEL assay was adopted to test cell apoptosis. Cell invasion was checked by the Transwell assay. The expression of apoptosis‐related proteins, autophagy markers, IRS1/2, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was compared by Western blot, immunofluorescence, or qRT‐PCR. As indicated by the data, NT157 abated the viability, proliferation, and induced autophagy of ovarian cancer cells. Overexpressing IRS1/2 attenuated the tumor‐suppressive effect of NT157 and heightened the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway enhanced the tumor‐suppressive effect of NT157 and facilitated NT157‐mediated autophagy. However, the autophagy inhibitor 3‐MA partly reversed NT‐157‐mediated antitumor effects. In conclusion, this study disclosed that NT157 suppressed the malignant phenotypes of ovarian cancer cells by inducing autophagy and hampering the expression of IRS1/2 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Recent advances in legume protein‐based colloidal systems
Authors: Tarahi Mohammad , Ahmed Jasim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping nature‐derived surface‐active ingredients with favorable interfacial and functional properties has recently received increasing attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Legume proteins are used extensively in food colloidal systems because of their small particle size, high water absorption capability, excellent functional properties (e.g., emulsification, foamability, and gelation), and film formation. There are some limitations in legume proteins, such as high water vapor permeability and fragility, as well as low stability and solubility. Various conventional and innovative processing technologies (e.g., high‐pressure homogenization, ultrasonication, and cold plasma processing) have been successfully employed in order to modify the functional and interfacial properties of legume proteins. In this review, the formation and stability of legume protein‐based colloidal systems and their applications are discussed.
Effects of communication style on relational outcomes in interactions between customers and embodied conversational agents
Authors: van Pinxteren Michelle M. E. , Pluymaekers Mark , Lemmink Jos , Krispin Anna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConversational agents are increasingly used to substitute or augment human service employees. Due to their ability to use human‐like communicative behaviors, these agents are theorized to establish social connections with customers. However, the existing literature is ambiguous on how conversational agents should verbally communicate with customers and whether they should be adaptive to customers' verbal behavior. The current study aims to address these gaps, by focusing on the effects of the conversational agent's communication style on the perceived social connection. Two experiments were conducted in which a virtual agent in a hedonic service (Experiment 1) or a utilitarian service (Experiment 2) was manipulated to adapt either a static task‐ or a social‐oriented communication style or mimic the communication style used by the customer in the previous turn. Guided by marketing and human–computer interaction literature, measures for engagement and rapport were used to reveal customers' perceived social connection. Results show that for the hedonic service, rapport was significantly affected by the presence of social cues in the agent's communication style (whether statically or mimicked), while engagement was significantly affected by mimicry. For the utilitarian service, only social cues significantly affected rapport. These findings enrich the Computers As Social Actors paradigm and provide clear guidelines for practitioners.
Characterization of the degradation products of lignocellulosic biomass by using tandem mass spectrometry experiments, model compounds, and quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Guthrie Jacob D. , Rowell Caroline E. R. , Anyaeche Ruth O. , Alzarieni Kawthar Z. , Kenttämaa Hilkka I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiomass‐derived degraded lignin and cellulose serve as possible alternatives to fossil fuels for energy and chemical resources. Fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass generates bio‐oil that needs further refinement. However, as pyrolysis causes massive degradation to lignin and cellulose, this process produces very complex mixtures. The same applies to degradation methods other than fast pyrolysis. The ability to identify the degradation products of lignocellulosic biomass is of great importance to be able to optimize methodologies for the conversion of these mixtures to transportation fuels and valuable chemicals. Studies utilizing tandem mass spectrometry have provided invaluable, molecular‐level information regarding the identities of compounds in degraded biomass. This review focuses on the molecular‐level characterization of fast pyrolysis and other degradation products of lignin and cellulose via tandem mass spectrometry based on collision‐activated dissociation (CAD). Many studies discussed here used model compounds to better understand both the ionization chemistry of the degradation products of lignin and cellulose and their ions' CAD reactions in mass spectrometers to develop methods for the structural characterization of the degradation products of lignocellulosic biomass. Further, model compound studies were also carried out to delineate the mechanisms of the fast pyrolysis reactions of lignocellulosic biomass. The above knowledge was used to assign likely structures to many degradation products of lignocellulosic biomass.
Precision and Bias of Three Bigmouth Buffalo Aging Structures
Authors: Prull Marcus , Simonson Martin A. , Weber Michael J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus is a long-lived catostomid with ecological and commercial harvest value. Management of Bigmouth Buffalo relies on accurate age data for population dynamic assessments (recruitment, growth, and mortality), but between-reader precision of nonlethal aging structures compared to otoliths has not been assessed. We analyzed age bias and between-reader precision of ages estimated from pectoral and dorsal fin rays relative to lapillus otoliths for Bigmouth Buffalo (n = 115) captured from shallow natural lakes in Iowa. Maximum agreed age was 21 years for otoliths, 15 years for pectoral fin rays, and 14 years for dorsal fin rays. Ages estimated from pectoral fin rays were the most precise (CV = 12.6%; average percent error [APE] = 8.9%), followed by dorsal fin rays (CV = 16.1%; APE = 11.4%) and otoliths (CV = 21.5%; APE = 16.5%). Pectoral fin rays also had higher exact agreement between readers (37%) and higher agreement within 1 year (77%) compared to dorsal fin rays (35% exact; 69% within 1 year) and lapillus otoliths (17% exact; 61% within 1 year). Both dorsal fin rays and pectoral fin rays underestimated age relative to otoliths, which resulted in younger population age structures and larger mean length-at-age estimates. Our results suggest that biologists can use dorsal and pectoral fin rays as viable nonlethal structures for younger fish (up to 10 years for dorsal fin rays; up to 13 years for pectoral fin rays), whereas otoliths can be difficult to age but are necessary to accurately determine age for older individuals.
Multicenter clinical experience with non‐invasive cell‐free DNA screening for monosomy X and related X‐chromosome variants
Authors: Bedei Ivonne , Gehrke Tascha , Gloning Karl‐Philipp , Meyer‐Wittkopf Matthias , Willner Daria , Krapp Martin , Scharf Alexander , Degenhardt Jan , Heling Kai‐Sven , Kozlowski Peter , Trautmann Kathrin , Jahns Kai M. , Geipel Annegret , Baumüller Jan‐Erik , Wilhelm Lucas , Gottschalk Ingo , Schröer Andreas , Graf Alexander , Wolter Aline , Schenk Johanna , Weber Axel , Van den Veyver Ignatia B. , Axt‐Fliedner Roland 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate how the presence of fetal anomalies and different X chromosome variants influences Cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) screening results for monosomy X.MethodsFrom a multicenter retrospective survey on 673 pregnancies with prenatally suspected or confirmed Turner syndrome, we analyzed the subgroup for which prenatal cfDNA screening and karyotype results were available. A cfDNA screening result was defined as true positive (TP) when confirmatory testing showed 45,X or an X‐chromosome variant.ResultsWe had cfDNA results, karyotype, and phenotype data for 55 pregnancies. cfDNA results were high risk for monosomy X in 48/55, of which 23 were TP and 25 were false positive (FP). 32/48 high‐risk cfDNA cases did not show fetal anomalies. Of these, 7 were TP. All were X‐chromosome variants. All 16 fetuses with high‐risk cfDNA result and ultrasound anomalies were TP. Of fetuses with abnormalities, those with 45,X more often had fetal hydrops/cystic hygroma, whereas those with “variant” karyotypes had different anomalies.ConclusionBoth, 45,X or X‐chromosome variants can be detected after a high‐risk cfDNA result for monosomy X. When there are fetal anomalies, the result is more likely a TP. In the absence of fetal anomalies, it is most often an FP or X‐chromosome variant.
An eye opener: improving attendance rates of retinopathy screening within the paediatric diabetes clinic
Authors: Wolverson Marianne , O'Hare Paul , Patel Vinod 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAims: To audit eye screening attendance rates in children pre and post implementation of a screening service offered on the same day as their diabetes clinic appointment and to identify characteristics of non‐attenders.Methods: Data were extracted from the diabetic eye screening software ‘OptoMize’ between 1 April 2018 and 31 March 2019 (pre intervention) and between 1 April 2019 and 31 March 2020 (post intervention). Attendance rates of 72 eligible participants were gained and their diabetes characteristics (age, duration of diabetes and HbA1c) were examined pre and post intervention with application of the Mood's median test in order to determine statistical significance.Results: Same day screening with routine diabetes appointments improved the eye screening attendance rate by 22%. Those with a higher HbA1c were significantly less likely to attend (p<0.05) pre intervention, while post intervention, the median HbA1c of those who did not attend was lower than those who did. There was no significant difference between the age of participants for those who attended and those who did not pre and post intervention (p=0.705/0.235). Those who did not attend despite the intervention had a longer duration of diabetes than those who did, yet significance was not gained.Conclusion: This study has addressed a gap within existing knowledge and provided quantitative analysis within the field of paediatric diabetic eye screening. Findings have identified the positive impact of a ‘same day screening service’ integrated with routine diabetes care on attendance, and have also identified a clear improvement in attendance rates of those with the higher risk factors of developing sight‐threatening retinopathy. Copyright © 2023 John Wiley & Sons.
Diabetes Care for You: leadership, followership, partnership
Authors: Lipscomb David , Rezazadeh Eleanor , Rowney Jane 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe 2022 Mary MacKinnon lecture reminds us of some of the history of the development of out of hospital specialist diabetes services in the United Kingdom. There have been multiple clarion calls across the years to collaborate, share information and values and break down traditional boundaries in the pursuit of improved patient care and outcomes. Along with this, we note the roles of clinical and managerial leadership, followership and partnership in working together with people living with diabetes to co‐produce a model of diabetes care and then to ensure through good stewardship of shared resources that the expectations of that change are delivered for our population. We go on to discuss how the Diabetes Care for You team has continued to innovate and provide care during the pandemic and conclude with a vision of the future and a challenge for decision makers to put the needs of the population at the forefront of future planning. Copyright © 2023 John Wiley & Sons.
Oral stepdown in Gram‐positive bloodstream infections: A step in the right direction
Authors: Caniff Kaylee E. , Rebold Nicholas , Rybak Michael J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBloodstream infections (BSIs) due to Gram‐positive organisms have traditionally been treated with prolonged courses of intravenous antimicrobials. However, this dogma is associated with substantial burden to the patient and health care system. Consequently, there is growing interest in the utilization of oral stepdown therapy, defined as the transition of intravenous therapy to an active oral agent, for this indication. This review highlights available literature examining oral stepdown in adult patients with BSI due to commonly encountered Gram‐positive pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. Support for oral stepdown in this setting is primarily derived from observational studies subject to selection bias. Nevertheless, this treatment strategy exhibits promising potential in carefully selected patients as it is consistently associated with reductions in hospital length of stay without jeopardizing clinical cure or survivability. Prospective, randomized trials are needed for validation of oral stepdown in Gram‐positive BSI and to identify the optimal patient population and regimen.
A mind‐body medicine curriculum for student peer counselors following a school shooting: A qualitative study
Authors: Staples Julie K. , Zapata Stephanie , Fredrickson Monica , Quinn Hannah E. , Cyr Lynda Richtsmeier , Gavian Margaret E. , Rountree Laura D. , Gordon James S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis qualitative study investigated high school student peer counselors' experience of a mind‐body medicine curriculum incorporated into a peer counseling program following a school shooting. A series of focus groups were held with peer counselors in 10th–12th grade (n = 24, mean age = 16.5 [SD = 1.0]; 71% female) participating in the mind‐body medicine curriculum. Data analysis was conducted using a thematic analysis. Peer counselors reported that the mind‐body medicine curriculum decreased their stress and helped them regulate their emotions. Other interview themes included feeling closer to other students, improved relationships with their parents, increased resilience and self‐confidence, working harder for their goals, not stressing over small things, and choosing supportive friends. The themes related to their peer counseling work were that the mind‐body skills would help them be less reactive and more patient with other students and that the skills would also be helpful for these other students. This study has important implications for practitioners in the schools because the mind‐body medicine curriculum can effectively complement the communication, problem‐solving, and decision‐making skills taught in peer counseling programs.
Overview of radiotherapy‐induced chronic pain in childhood cancer survivors: A narrative review
Authors: Chua Gail Wan Ying , Vig Prachi Simran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRadiotherapy is an important aspect of oncological treatment in several childhood cancers. However, radiotherapy is known to have numerous side effects, including detrimental effects on growth, neurocognitive impairment, and the development of secondary malignancies. One less studied long‐term side effect of pediatric radiotherapy treatment is chronic pain. While the short‐term toxicities of radiotherapy resolve over a few weeks to months, the chronic pain caused by radiotherapy‐induced tissue damage can significantly affect children's quality of life. As long‐term childhood cancer survivors age into adulthood, they are typically followed up by a wide variety of doctors, not all of whom may be familiar with radiotherapy‐induced chronic pain and its management. The aim of this review is to discuss the various common manifestations of radiotherapy‐related pain in children, as well as ways to identify and manage these. Common radiotherapy‐related side effects leading to chronic pain symptoms include radiation fibrosis, enteritis, dermatitis, lymphedema, neuropathic pain, and effects on bone development. The pathophysiology, evaluation and management of these are briefly summarized in this review. This is followed by an overview of radiotherapy techniques that allow greater sparing of normal tissue, minimizing future painful side effects. Finally, the assessment of pain in children is described, as well as strategies for management, and red flag symptoms that should prompt urgent specialist referral. In conclusion, a good understanding of the long‐term side effects of radiotherapy treatment in children is essential for the various medical professionals that follow‐up the child in the years after treatment. For young children, the evaluation of pain is in itself a challenge, and effects on growth, development, and learning are crucial. For older children, social and psychological factors become increasingly important. As radiation therapy techniques continue to advance, the spectrum and incidence of chronic pain syndromes may change over time.
High‐order sliding‐mode functional observers for multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) linear time‐invariant systems with unknown inputs
Authors: Moreno Jaime A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFor arbitrary multiple‐input multiple‐output linear time invariant systems with unknown inputs this article provides sufficient conditions to estimate linear functionals of the state variables. When the unknown input is uniformly bounded these conditions are strictly weaker than the classical conditions for functional unknown input observers, well‐known in the literature, and generalize previous results using discontinuous differentiators. Furthermore, a general methodology is proposed to design functional observers, that are able to estimate the functionals, when possible, exactly and in finite‐time or fixed‐time. Instead of using a cascade of Luenberger observers and high‐order sliding‐mode differentiators, standard in the literature for this problem, a bi‐homogeneous observer of reduced order is proposed in the article. Proofs of the convergence are provided using smooth Lyapunov functions and an academic example illustrates the behavior of the proposed observer for a system not tractable with the available methods.
Why wood should move in rivers
Authors: Wohl Ellen , Uno Hiromi , Dunn Sarah B. , Kemper John T. , Marshall Anna , Means‐Brous Mickey , Scamardo Julianne E. , Triantafillou Shayla P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLarge wood is inherently mobile in naturally functioning river corridors, yet river management commonly introduces wood that is anchored to limit hazards. Wood that is periodically mobilized is important for: replacing stationary large wood that performs diverse physical and ecological functions; contributing to the disturbance regime of the river corridor; diversifying wood decay states; dispersing organisms and propagules; providing refugia during floodplain inundation and in mobile‐bed channels; dissipating flow energy; and supplying wood to downstream environments including lakes, coastlines, the open ocean, and the deep sea. We briefly review what is known about large wood mobility in river corridors and suggest priorities for ongoing research and river management, including: structural designs that can pass mobile wood; enhancing piece diversity of introduced wood that is anchored in place; quantifying wood mobilization and transport characteristics in natural and managed river corridors; and enhancing documentation of the benefits of wood mobility.
Surface chemical analysis of spatter particles generated in laser powder bed fusion of Hastelloy X in process atmospheres with high and low oxygen content
Authors: Schwerz Claudia , Cao Yu , Nyborg Lars 
Published: February 2023

Additive manufacturing, particularly laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), has received much attention in recent years because of its multiple benefits over traditional manufacturing. One of the key factors affecting the repeatability and performance of the materials is the existence of defects. Defects can be driven by process by‐products called spatters, which consist of particles covered by an oxide layer formed during their travel time in the process atmosphere. As a standard process atmosphere consists of argon containing a residual oxygen level of around 0.1%, one possible way of addressing spatter‐driven defect formation is by reducing the oxygen level, thereby reducing the oxidation of the spatter particles. In this study, Hastelloy X powder was processed by means of LPBF in an argon atmosphere containing 1000‐ppm O2 or 50‐ppm O2. Spatter particles were collected in a controlled manner, allowing sampling particles of different sizes, which were analyzed in terms of their surface chemical composition by means of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). By combining these two tools, a comprehensive assessment of the surface chemical composition was conducted, taking advantage of XPS for the evaluation of the overall surface chemistry and of Auger nanoprobe analysis for high lateral analytical resolution combined with depth profiling. It is shown that tighter oxygen control will both limit the overall oxidation and affect the surface chemical composition. At regular O2 level in the process atmosphere (1000 ppm), spatter particles are covered by a 70‐nm‐thick oxide layer, on average. The thickness is substantially greater than that measured in spatter particles collected from the process atmosphere containing 50‐ppm oxygen, which averages 6 nm and is comparable with that of the virgin powder, thus revealing a potential for defect mitigation through control of the process atmosphere. Nonetheless, substantial differences in the surface chemical composition were identified between spatters and virgin powder, notably with the appearance of Al‐ and Ti‐oxides on spatter particles, revealing the influence of the manufacturing process on surface characteristics.
Novel Synergistic Catalysis by Ethylcarbodiimide Hydrochloride Salt and CuI Towards Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman Reaction
Authors: Shukla Prashant , Asati Ambika , Patel Devkumari , Singh Manorama , Rai Vijai K. , Rai Ankita 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMorita Baylis‐Hillman (MBH) reaction of various aldehydes, bearing electron‐releasing as well as electron‐withdrawing groups with acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate as electron‐deficient alkene is reported herein. The cornerstone of the reaction is the utilization of EDC.HCl (a salt) as a novel catalyst, salt gets converted into neutral tertiary amine in the presence of CuI for the synthesis of MBH adduct. Excellent product yield (up to 99 %), ambient reaction conditions, shorter reaction time, and no side product formation are the salient features of the envisaged synthetic protocol.