bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing Carbon Footprint of RC Structure in Saline Exposure: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Pallab Nazmus Sakib , Sultana Mahin , Sakib Saadman , Barua Amrita , Manzur Tanvir 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe construction industry in Bangladesh is actively pursuing the goal of preserving the equilibrium between the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) produced and expelled from the atmosphere. An ideal way to reduce CO2 emissions from concrete production is the utilization of industrial by-products like class F fly ash, slag, etc. as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). On the other hand, reducing the life cycle cost (LCC) through the extension of service life could also be an effective way to reduce the overall carbon footprint of any RC infrastructure, particularly in saline exposure. Higher service life ensures lesser repair work for a corroded marine RC element and eventually results in reduced CO2 emission in the lifetime. Therefore, it is evident that producing concrete with proper proportions of SCMs and other mix parameters to achieve the desired service life can reduce both the initial and long-term carbon emission potential of an RC structure in saline exposures. With this end in view, a case study is presented where concrete mixes have been prepared using different binder types (both customized and commercially available composite blends) for a particular design strength commonly used in Bangladesh. The service life and repair frequency of an RC element made of considered concrete mixes have been predicted through the electrical resistivity of the mixes. LIFE-365 software has been used for the analysis. It has been found that commercially available CEM III and the blended mix of CEM I with 30% slag plus 20% fly ash exhibited prolonged corrosion initiation time, least repair requirements during the service life of 100 -years and consequently, lower LCC and overall CO2 emissions as compared to other mixes used. The outcome of the study thus necessitates the inclusion of required policies and guidelines in local construction supply chains and practices to reduce embodied carbon of RC construction.
CO2 Reductions Utilising Self-Stressing Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Suta Martins , Gaile Liga , Cepuritis Rolands 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA novel system utilising steel-fibre reinforced concrete (SFRSSC) has been developed and implemented in projects in the recent years for structures such as ground-based slabs and ground-level elevated slabs on piles among others. Being that the system is chemically prestressing the concrete, this compressive self-stress can be used to significantly decrease the thickness of the structures while maintaining their load bearing capacity yet decreasing the materials used and lowering the emissions caused by making the said structures. Recently, a comparative full-scale testing has been conducted to compare the impact of the chemical self-stress on the load bearing capacity of a supposed ground-level slab on piles when looked in a comparison with a more traditional steel fibre reinforced concrete slab in a practically identical situation. This document shall shed light on the possibilities of reducing the CO2 emissions via usage of SFRSSC when compared to other existing more traditional construction systems. The full-scale tests revealed that the SFRSSC slab could bear approximately 30% higher loading while maintaining 30% lower deflections and exhibiting lower number of cracking. This, in turn, allows for making SFRSSC slabs significantly thinner, thus reducing the emissions caused by the extraction of raw materials, transportation of the said materials, production of the concrete and production of the structure itself.
Investigation of Lightweight Ultra-High-Performance Concrete for Net-Zero Solutions
Authors: Ramezani Amir , Shafei Behrouz 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis chapter investigates the potential of lightweight ultra-high-performance concrete (LUHPC) with a focus on its application in sustainable construction. The objectives encompassed an analysis of LUHPC’s workability, heat of hydration, autogenous shrinkage, and carbon footprint through a multidisciplinary approach. Methodologically, an extensive review of existing literature was conducted, consolidating findings from experimental investigations. Key findings elucidate that the integration of lightweight aggregates (LWAs) positively impacts LUHPC’s workability by reducing water demand and enhancing particle movement. Moreover, LWAs facilitate internal curing, mitigating autogenous shrinkage, and improving hydration degree. The utilization of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and sustainable additives further reduces LUHPC’s carbon footprint, manifesting notable reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and energy consumption. These findings underscore LUHPC’s potential for sustainable construction practices, offering structures that are both lighter and stronger with a diminished environmental impact. The findings of this study indicate emerging opportunities for improving the utilization of LUHPC mixtures in construction projects, focusing on promoting workability, durability, and environmental sustainability.
Bio-Based Polymer Composites Used in the Building Industry: A Review
Authors: Nwankwo Chinyere O. , Mahachi Jeffrey 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMaterial development science in the construction industry is saddled with the responsibility of seeking alternative materials that can alleviate the reliance on virgin resources, reduce the energy use associated with building material production, mitigate the pollution associated with the disposal of building materials, and ultimately foster a more sustainable environment. In recent years, fibre-reinforced polymer composites have garnered attention across diverse sectors like automobiles, consumer products, transportation, packaging, and construction. However, bio-based alternatives to these composites offer a promising avenue towards creating more environment-friendly building materials. This paper explores the practical applications of bio-based polymer composites in non-structural contexts, such as building panels, partitions, facades, and structural applications, including internal and external reinforcement. It examines the benefits and challenges inherent in these applications, drawing insights from a comprehensive review of research in the field. Through this review, the paper sheds light on the potential of bio-based polymer composites in developing more sustainable construction materials, providing a pathway towards a greener and more sustainable built environment.
A Case Study of Sustainable Resource Management Through Reuse of Building Materials
Authors: Baarnes Sunniva , Liang Emma Zheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis case study addresses the reutilization of building elements, encompassing the mapping of reusable components during the demolition phase and their reintegration in the refurbishment project Grensen 9b, an office building in Oslo, Norway. Grensen 9b project has the ambition to achieve BREEAM-NOR v6.0 certification at least at the “Very Good” level as well as reducing the CO2eq-emissions from building materials by 93% compared to a new build. The research investigates how these practices can impact sustainable development within the building industry through realizing efforts that have a high transferability to the rest of the built environment. Particularly, focus is also with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and resource management in a life cycle perspective. Through a practical project analysis, current research uncovers the essential steps involved in identifying and preserving elements that can be reused. This process not only mitigates the environmental repercussions of demolition but also diminishes the demand for new materials, consequently reducing the associated carbon footprint. Efforts made to design for future reuse will also be mapped. Such practices hold great potential in the overarching mission of curtailing carbon emissions and aligning with the broader objectives of climate change mitigation and resource optimization. Moreover, this study explores the practical challenges, feasibility, and best practices associated with reusing building elements, and designing for future reuse, making it a valuable resource.
Wirtschaftsverkehr – Logistik – Supply Chain Management
Authors: Flämig Heike 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungDie sozialwissenschaftliche Wirtschaftsverkehrsforschung hängt der Personenverkehrsforschung hinterher. Obwohl viele Ansätze für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung von Logistik und Wirtschaftsverkehr identifiziert werden können, scheitern deren Umsetzung häufig an den jeweiligen Handlungsspielräumen der vielfältigen Akteure. Erforderlich ist eine systemische Betrachtung, bei denen die logistischen Strukturen von Städten und Regionen als Ganzes begriffen werden und zum Gegenstand systematischer, integrierter Strategien von Politik, Planung und Unternehmen gemacht werden.
The role of carotid elongation for intervention time and outcome in mechanical thrombectomy for anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Ivan Vivien Lorena , Rubbert Christian , Weiß Daniel , Wolf Luisa , Vach Marius , Kaschner Marius , Turowski Bernd , Gliem Michael , Lee John-Ih , Ruck Tobias , Caspers Julian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
This study investigates the influence of carotid artery elongation on neurovascular intervention and outcome in acute stroke treatments proposing an easily assessable imaging marker for carotid elongation.

Methods
118 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for middle cerebral artery occlusions were included. The carotid elongation ratio (CER), center-line artery length to scan’s Z-axis, was measured on the affected side in CT-angiographies. Full and partial correlations of CER with periprocedural times, complications and outcome were computed. Multivariate logistic regression, including comorbidities, for prediction of dichotomized mRS outcome after 3 months was performed.

Results
CER showed no significant correlation with recanalization success. Weak, outlier-driven correlation was found with recanalization time (p = 0.021, cor = 0.2). Weak correlations were found with improvement of NIHSS score at discharge and mRS score after 3 months (p = 0.023 and p = 0.031, each rho=-0.2). There was moderate correlation with NIHSS score at discharge (p = 0.001, rho = 0.3). Patients with favorable outcomes (mRS 0–2) exhibited lower CER (p = 0.012). Partial correlations of CER with favorable outcomes were observed after correcting for age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors (cor = 0.2, p = 0.048). Multivariate analysis (Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.42) identified NIHSS score at admission, diabetes, hypertension and intervention time as significant factors for predicting outcome at 3 month, while CER showed the highest log Odd’s (2.97).

Conclusion
Correlations between CER and clinical improvement suggest that carotid elongation might be a risk factor for poorer outcome without relevant effect on endovascular treatment and should not guide treatment decisions. Further studies should consider carotid elongation as an individual neurovascular risk factor, independent of hypertension.
Cost analysis of laparoscopic total versus open total gastrectomy in gastric cancer
Authors: Maurer Max M. , Knitter Sebastian , Winter Axel , Saidy Ramin Raul Ossami , Dobrindt Eva M. , Seika Philippa , Ritschl Paul V. , Raakow Jonas , Reinus Judith , Pratschke Johann , Denecke Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
Despite ongoing discussions concerning clinical equivalence of laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) compared to open total gastrectomy (OTG) in gastric cancer (GC) surgery, complementary evidence regarding financial implications is sparse. The aim of this study was to compare hospital associated expenses and perioperative outcomes between both approaches.

Methods
Clinicopathological and financial data from 80 consecutive GC patients undergoing LTG or OTG between 2015 and 2022 were investigated. Patient baseline characteristics, perioperative results, long-term outcomes and financial expenses up to 30 days after discharge were compared. A binary logistic regression model to identify individual cost drivers was performed.

Results
LTG was associated with significantly prolonged operating time (281 min vs. 245 min, p < 0.02). However, LTG demonstrated a trend towards lower total (18,708 € vs. 22,810 €, p = 0.11) and median daily (1,516 € vs. 1,721 €, p = 0.25) expenses, yet not reaching statistical significance. Decreased ICU costs emerged as the greatest single cost reducer in LTG (962 € vs. 2,147 €, p = 0.10). Hospital length of stay ≥ 15 days was the only independent cost driver for increased expenses (HR [95% CI] = 13,2 [3.0-58.9], p < 0.01). Ultimately, patients undergoing LTG and OTG demonstrated similar outcomes in terms of perioperative morbidity (n = 8, 13% vs. n = 3, 17%, p = 0.70), median number of resected lymph nodes (n = 32 vs. n = 33, p = 0.72), absence of 90-day mortality, and long-term survival (p = 0.47).

Conclusion
Although typically involving longer operating times, LTG tends to be linked with decreased hospital costs, yet not reaching statistical significance. The ongoing establishment of LTG seems not to pose additional financial burdens for surgical departments.
Fixed Parameter Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms for the W-Separator Problem
Authors: Baguley Samuel , Friedrich Tobias , Neumann Aneta , Neumann Frank , Pappik Marcus , Zeif Ziena 
Published: January 2025

AbstractParameterized analysis provides powerful mechanisms for obtaining fine-grained insights into different types of algorithms. In this work, we combine this field with evolutionary algorithms and provide parameterized complexity analysis of evolutionary multi-objective algorithms for the W-separator problem, which is a natural generalization of the vertex cover problem. The goal is to remove the minimum number of vertices such that each connected component in the resulting graph has at most W vertices. We provide different multi-objective formulations involving two or three objectives that provably lead to fixed-parameter evolutionary algorithms with respect to the value of an optimal solution OPT and W. Of particular interest are kernelizations and the reducible structures used for them. We show that in expectation the algorithms make incremental progress in finding such structures and beyond. The current best known kernelization of the W-separator uses linear programming methods and requires non-trivial post-processing steps to extract the reducible structures. We provide additional structural features to show that evolutionary algorithms with appropriate objectives are also capable of extracting them. Our results show that evolutionary algorithms with different objectives guide the search and admit fixed parameterized runtimes to solve or approximate (even arbitrarily close) the W-separator problem.
Experiences of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer participating in a supervised exercise intervention during chemotherapy
Authors: Brouwer Calvin G. , Tusscher Marieke R. ten , de Roos Bente M. , Gootjes Elske C. , Buffart Tineke E. , Versteeg Kathelijn S. , Mast Isa H. , Streppel Mirte M. , Werter Inge M. , May Anne M. , Verheul Henk M. W. , Buffart Laurien M. ,   on behalf of the AMICO Consortium, Roodhart Jeanine M. L. , Wumkes Miriam L. , Sommeijer Dirkje W. , Creemers Geert-Jan , Otten Hans-Martin M. B. , van Zweeden Annette , Beeker Aart , Janssen Johan J. B. , Bolhuis Karen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) undergoing systemic treatment often experience toxicities. Although exercise may improve physical fitness and quality of life and counteract treatment toxicity, knowledge in patients with mCRC is limited. The ongoing randomized controlled AMICO trial evaluates the effects of supervised exercise on clinical outcomes. The present qualitative study was a pre-planned part of this trial aiming to capture adherence, satisfaction, and perceived effects of exercise among patients with mCRC.

Methods
Patients with mCRC receiving first-line systemic treatment were randomized (1:1:1) to a control group or one of two supervised exercise arms including continuous aerobic exercise with either resistance exercises or high-intensity interval training. Semi-structured interviews with patients in the exercise arms were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Descriptive data on adherence (exercise logs) and satisfaction (questionnaire) was collected to complement and contextualize the qualitative findings.

Results
Twenty-one patients were interviewed. Median exercise attendance was 67% [IQR 35–91], and the median satisfaction score was 8 [IQR 8–9] out of 10. Patients valued the guidance and knowledge of the physical therapist and expressed interindividual preferences regarding training content. Patients experienced that exercise improved their physical and mental wellbeing and helped them to endure treatment. Perceived exercise barriers were treatment toxicity, physical problems, and hospital appointments. Perceived exercise facilitators included adequate tailoring and internal or external motivation.

Conclusion
Patients with mCRC appreciated exercise during systemic treatment and perceived several beneficial effects, both physically and mentally. Exercise attendance varied and barriers were mainly treatment- and disease-related.

Trial registration
Clinical trial.GOV ID: NCT04754672.
Date of registration: 04–12-2020.
The efficacy of lavender oil on fatigue and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancy receiving chemotherapy: a single-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yildirim Dilek , Harman Ozdogan Merve , Erdal Seckin , Selcuk Sevinc , Guneri Azize , Simsek Elif Begum , Can Taha Berkay , Gunduz Hazal , Kuni Aysem 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study is to evaluate how aromatherapy with the inhalation of lavender oil affects fatigue and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods
This randomized, parallel-group study was carried out in the Adult Bone Marrow Transplant unit and Hematology-Oncology clinics between January 2022 and April 2023. A total of 120 patients were assigned to experimental and control groups by randomization. The study was completed with 100 patients including 50 in the experimental group and 50 in the control group. Lavender essential oil was applied to the experimental group for 20 min prior to going to bed every night for 5 consecutive days. Physiological saline solution was applied to the control group in the same way. A Participant Information Form, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, and the Piper Fatigue Scale were used as data collection tools.

Results
The experimental group showed a significantly higher sleep quality (p = 0.001) and had a significantly lower PFS scores (p = 0.001) compared to the control group. Also, the mean scores of the experimental group on the Behavioral, Sensory, and Cognitive subscales were statistically significantly lower than the scores of the control group (p < 0.05). Variables of lavender aromatherapy and total sleep quality accounted for 17.1% of the variance in fatigue levels (R
2 = 0.171).

Conclusions
Consequently, it was determined that aromatherapy with lavender essential oil significantly alleviated fatigue and lowered PFS total and subscale scores in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy. Also, sleep quality significantly enhanced in the overall PFS and its subscales.
Trial registration.
NCT05808296. Date of Registration: 30 March 2023.
Assessing the impact of climate change on rainfall-triggered landslides: a case study in California
Authors: Semnani Shabnam J. , Han Yi , Bonfils Céline J. , White Joshua A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLandslides are widespread natural hazards which take a heavy toll on lives, property, and infrastructure each year. In January 2023 and 2024, widespread landslides occurred in California as a result of extreme winter precipitation. Estimating the regional evolution of landslide hazard in a changing climate is essential for adaptation planning and risk mitigation efforts. The complex effects of climate change on landslide hazard, however, are poorly understood. Here, we use climate and landslide observations to develop a novel data-driven approach for landslide susceptibility assessment under historical and future climate conditions. We apply this framework to investigate the evolution of landslide susceptibility in California and its impacts on the roadway system based on downscaled climate projections under moderate and high greenhouse gas emission scenarios. On average, the results indicate an increase in landslide susceptibility through 2100 in regions where historical susceptibility is moderate to very high. Although the spatio-temporal variations in landslide susceptibility are sensitive to climate model uncertainties in predicting extreme rainfall, the direst impacts are largely circumvented in lower emission scenarios.
Homogeneous synthesis of polygalacturonic acid acetoacetates: the starting point for all-polysaccharide-based living networks
Authors: Würfel Hendryk , Atmani Zakaria , Gericke Martin , Heinze Thomas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study presents the homogeneous synthesis of polygalacturonic acid acetoacetates (PAAs) under various conditions using dimethyl sulfoxide as reaction medium and 2,2,6-trimethyl-4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one as reagent. The preparation of PAA was influenced by reaction temperature and time, with higher temperatures the conversion is accelerated. The resulting PAAs were soluble in both organic- and aqueous media. Structural characterization through NMR and IR spectroscopy confirmed the successful chemical modification, indicated by distinct signals of the acetoacetate group. The study further explored the abilities of PAA to form hydrogels (HG) by reversible covalent cross-linking with polygalacturonic acid hydrazides. Rheological evaluations demonstrated rapid gelation and revealed the mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogels, which could be fine-tuned by adjusting polymer concentrations. This research contributes to the advancement of polysaccharide-based HGs, offering new methodologies for developing functional biomaterials for advanced medical applications.