bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of medical biodegradable magnesium alloy in vivo degradation and bone response in a rat femur model with long-term fixation
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Haijian , Kumazawa Takashi , Ju Dongying 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: It is of great significance to understand the effect of the different corrosion behaviors of magnesium (Mg) alloys manufactured using different casting methods and implanted with different methods on the long-term implantation to expand the application of Mg-based biomedical implants. OBJECTIVE: The effects of four different casting and rolling speeds on the microstructure of an Mg–rare earth (Mg–Re) alloy were analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). METHOD: Four Mg alloys were obtained using vertical two-roll casting (TRC) at 10 m/min, 16 m/min, 24 m/min, and 30 m/min, and their microstructure, corrosion behavior and bone reaction in vivo were studied. RESULTS: The corrosion resistance of the alloy increases with an increase in casting speed and finer grain size of the cast-rolled parts. The Mg–Re alloys with TRC-10 m/min and TRC-30 m/min were selected for animal experiments. The two Mg alloys were made into metal rods and inserted into the rat femur to simulate the effect of Mg–Re on femoral healing under an injury condition. The rods were implanted for a long time to judge the effects of the Mg–Re alloy on the body. The TRC-30 m/min implants obtained highly mature new bone tissue in the case of bone injury. CONCLUSION: The in vivo experiments showed that the corrosion resistance of the TRC-30 m/min implant was better than that of the TRC-10 m/min implant. After 32 weeks of implantation, there were no pathological changes in the liver, heart, or kidney of rats in the TRC-30 m/min group, and the cell structure was normal.
Sistem Penunjang Keputusan Pemilihan Perumahan Terbaik Menggunakan Metode TOPSIS Berbasis GIS
Authors: Swastika Titania Tara , Prastiningtyas Diah Arifah , Isyriyah Laila 
Published: January 2023

Agensi perumahan hadir untuk membantu masyarakat mencari hunian impian mereka.Terdapat banyak sekali perumahan dengan berbagai macam tipe rumah. Calon pembeli kesulitan dalam menentukan rumah impiannya, begitu pula Agensi Perumahan. Agensi Perumahan kesulitan memberikan rekomendasi perumahan sesuai dengan keinginan calon pembeli. Perumahan memiliki banyak kriteria seperti faktor lokasi, luas tanah, luas bangunan, harga dan lain-lain. Untuk membantu Tim Agenci Perumahan merekomendasi perumahan dengan hasil yang optimal dibutuhkan sebuah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan atau Decision Support System (DSS) merupakan sistem informasi interaktif yang menyediakan informasi dan pemanipulasian data. Metode yang sesuai adalah Metode Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan dengan banyak kriteria. Tampilan yang dapat mempermudah Tim Pemasaran melihat lokasi perumahan dibutuhkan aplikasi berbasis peta (Sistem Informasi Geografis). Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebuah Sistem pendukung keputusan pemilihan perumahan terbaik.
Perancangan Video Motion Graphic Tentang Perjalanan Sampah Di Kota Malang
Authors: Subari Subari , Dewangga Stefanus Ericko , Nurfitri Rina 
Published: January 2023

Penumpukan sampah adalah dampak yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas manusia yang tidak terproses dan juga sifat masyarakat yang acuh tak acuh. Padahal jika diproses dengan baik, sampah itu bisa menjadi produk yang menjanjikan sehingga bisa meningkatkan sumber daya di daerah tersebut. Persoalan sampah terjadi diberbagai kota besar di Indonesia dan tidak terkecuali kota Malang. Kota Malang sendiri memiliki timbunan sampah yang tidak sedikit yaitu kurang lebih 492,35 Ton/hari yang diangkut ke TPS (Tempat Pembuangan Sementara) dan kurang lebih 464,74 Ton/hari telah didistribusikan ke TPA (Tempat Pembuangan Akhir). Permasalahan ini harus diperhatikan oleh masyarakat kota malang, Dibutuhkan pendekatan yang lebih baik untuk membuat orang tertarik. Langkah pertama untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini adalah dengan membuat video berupa video grafik animasi yang memuat 3 hal, yakni kenapa dan sebab sampah yang menumpuk, grafik penumpukan sampah di Kota Malang, dan solusi untuk mengurangi penumpukan tersebut. Tujuan dari pembuatan video motion graphic tersebut adalah memberitahu permasalahan sampah yang menumpuk dan harus disadari oleh masyarakat luat khususnya masyarakat Kota Malang. Hasil akhir dari perancangan ini adalah berupa video motion graphic yang akan diletakkan melalui kanal youtube. Dengan sebuah video motion graphic mengenai permasalahan sampah di Kota Malang, agar masyarakat bisa lebih sadar dan mengubah kebiasaan untuk tidak membuang sampah sembarangan.
Crafting Non-western Ways of Writing
Authors: Shajahan Naomi Sharin 
Published: January 2023

While writing my PhD thesis on Tibetan Buddhism and feminism, and working particularly on the decolonialization of knowledge, I found a plethora of literature on challenging the colonial perspective at a conceptual level. Obviously, those enriched conceptual understandings were useful. But I was looking for more than that. Decolonial theorist Walter Mignolo (2011) said, “decoloniality focuses on changing the terms of the conversation and not only its content” (p. 133). In meaning-making and the style of argument, a deliberate epistemic disobedience should be used to challenge conventional Eurocentric hegemonies (Mignolo, 2009). To me, decoloniality was about conceptual liberation from both western hegemonic knowledge and praxis. My PhD thesis was an autoethnography on my experience exploring an organic relationship between Tibetan Buddhism and feminism. Edward Said tells us that it is “a fallacy to assume that the swarming, unpredictable, and problematic mess in which the lives of human beings are lived can be understood on the basis of what book-text-say” (Said, 1979, p. 93). I became aware of that fallacy when the distance between my experience and a traditional method of academic writing to capture those experiences became profound. As a feminist, Bangladeshi, and spiritual woman, I realized that to bring out the non-western voice and view, I had to craft non-western ways of writing. This non-western way is crafted through alternative epistemology, subjectivity, and style of narratives.
Technology on trial: facilitative and prejudicial effects of computer-generated animations on jurors’ legal judgments
Authors: Rempel Emma , Burke Tara 
Published: January 2023

<p>The current study explored how a computer-generated animation (CGA) illustrating a defendant’s version of events affected jurors’ judgments in a mock second-degree murder trial. We hypothesized that mock jurors who viewed a CGA illustrating the defendant’s testimony would be more likely to acquit compared to those who viewed static visual images or did not view a visual aid, and that this effect would occur regardless of whether the narrative depicted in the CGA was corroborated by pertinent testimonial evidence. In this 2 (testimony congruence: incongruent vs.congruent) x 3 (testimony modality: no-aid vs.static visual aid vs. computer-generated animation) between-subjects design, undergraduate students (N = 238) read a transcript from a fictitious trial and heard the defendant’s testimony in one of three modalities. Across congruence conditions, participants were significantly more likely to acquit the defendant when his testimony was accompanied by a CGA (OR= 5.08), compared to a static visual aid or with no-aid. Our results suggest that CGAs may have a disproportionate impact on jurors’judgments compared to traditional forms of demonstrative evidence. Whether this impact is facilitative or prejudicial, however, depends on whether the content of the animation is congruent or incongruent with other case evidence.</p>
An electrostatic switch displaces phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases from the membrane during phagocytosis
Authors: Fairn Gregory D , Ogata Koji , Botelho Roberto , D. Stahl Philip , A. Anderson Richard , Camilli Pietro De , Meyer Tobias , Wodak Shoshana , Grinstein Sergio 
Published: January 2023

<p>Plasmalemmal phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4,5-bisphosphate (PI4,5P(2)) synthesized by PI 4-phosphate (PI4P) 5-kinase (PIP5K) is key to the polymerization of actin that drives chemotaxis and phagocytosis. We investigated the means whereby PIP5K is targeted to the membrane and its fate during phagosome formation. Homology modeling revealed that all PIP5K isoforms feature a positively charged face. Together with the substrate-binding loop, this polycationic surface is proposed to constitute a coincidence detector that targets PIP5Ks to the plasmalemma. Accordingly, manipulation of the surface charge displaced PIP5Ks from the plasma membrane. During particle engulfment, PIP5Ks detached from forming phagosomes as the surface charge at these sites decreased. Precluding the change in surface charge caused the PIP5Ks to remain associated with the phagosomal cup. Chemically induced retention of PIP5K-gamma prevented the disappearance of PI4,5P(2) and aborted phagosome formation. We conclude that a bistable electrostatic switch mechanism regulates the association/dissociation of PIP5Ks from the membrane during phagocytosis and likely other processes.</p>
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Phagosome resolution regenerates lysosomes and maintains the degradative capacity in phagocytes
Authors: Lancaster Charlene E. , Fountain Aaron , Dayam Roaya M. , Somerville Elliott , Sheth Javal , Jacobelli Vanessa , Somerville Alex , R. Terebiznik Mauricio , Botelho Roberto 
Published: January 2023

<p>Phagocytes engulf unwanted particles into phagosomes that then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the enclosed particles. Ultimately, phagosomes must be recycled to help recover membrane resources that were consumed during phagocytosis and phagosome maturation, a process referred to as “phagosome resolution.” Little is known about phagosome resolution, which may proceed through exocytosis or membrane fission. Here, we show that bacteria-containing phagolysosomes in macrophages undergo fragmentation through vesicle budding, tubulation, and constriction. Phagosome fragmentation requires cargo degradation, the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, and clathrin. We provide evidence that lysosome reformation occurs during phagosome resolution since the majority of phagosome-derived vesicles displayed lysosomal properties. Importantly, we show that clathrin-dependent phagosome resolution is important to maintain the degradative capacity of macrophages challenged with two waves of phagocytosis. Overall, our work suggests that phagosome resolution contributes to lysosome recovery and to maintaining the degradative power of macrophages to handle multiple waves of phagocytosis. </p>
Analisis Ekonomis, Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja
Authors: Lona Sumartin Selfina , Perseveranda M. E. , Manafe Henny A. 
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to understand the economical, efficient and effective implementation of the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget at the government institution. Data sources used in this study are financial reports especially budget ceiling and budget realization between the period of 2017 and 2021 fiscal year was obtained from The Online Monitoring of the State Accounting Treasury System, the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The descriptive and comparative analyses were employed in this study. The results of the research show that Economic level in 2017-2021 fiscal year utilisation felt into the economical category as shown by the percentage of budget realization was less than 100% (<100%). The effective level of achievement for non-tax state income realisation between 2017 and 2021 fiscal year felt into a very effective criteria with the effective ratio was 103.62%; while that for the expenditure felt into a sufficient effective criteria with an average effective ratio was 91.30%. Cost efficiency ratio/expenditure realization to achieve the maximum revenue in the period of 2017 – 2021 suits for a very efficient category with the ratio for each fiscal year was less than 19%; thus economical, efficient and effective implementation of State Revenue and Expenditure Budget must continue to be improved
Alginate oligosaccharides enhance the antifungal activity of nystatin against candidal biofilms
Authors: Powell Lydia C. , Adams Jennifer Y. M. , Quoraishi Sadik , Py Charlène , Oger Anaϊs , Gazze Salvatore A. , Francis Lewis W. , von Ruhland Christopher , Owens David , Rye Philip D. , Hill Katja E. , Pritchard Manon F. , Thomas David W. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe increasing prevalence of invasive fungal infections in immuno-compromised patients is a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality. With the rapid emergence of antifungal resistance and an inadequate pipeline of new therapies, novel treatment strategies are now urgently required.MethodsThe antifungal activity of the alginate oligosaccharide OligoG in conjunction with nystatin was tested against a range of Candida spp. (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. auris, C. tropicalis and C. dubliniensis), in both planktonic and biofilm assays, to determine its potential clinical utility to enhance the treatment of candidal infections. The effect of OligoG (0-6%) ± nystatin on Candida spp. was examined in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and growth curve assays. Antifungal effects of OligoG and nystatin treatment on biofilm formation and disruption were characterized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ATP cellular viability assays. Effects on the cell membrane were determined using permeability assays and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).ResultsMIC and growth curve assays demonstrated the synergistic effects of OligoG (0-6%) with nystatin, resulting in an up to 32-fold reduction in MIC, and a significant reduction in the growth of C. parapsilosis and C. auris (minimum significant difference = 0.2 and 0.12 respectively). CLSM and SEM imaging demonstrated that the combination treatment of OligoG (4%) with nystatin (1 µg/ml) resulted in significant inhibition of candidal biofilm formation on glass and clinical grade silicone surfaces (p &lt; 0.001), with increased cell death (p &lt; 0.0001). The ATP biofilm disruption assay demonstrated a significant reduction in cell viability with OligoG (4%) alone and the combined OligoG/nystatin (MIC value) treatment (p &lt; 0.04) for all Candida strains tested. TEM studies revealed the combined OligoG/nystatin treatment induced structural reorganization of the Candida cell membrane, with increased permeability when compared to the untreated control (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsAntimicrobial synergy between OligoG and nystatin against Candida spp. highlights the potential utility of this combination therapy in the prevention and topical treatment of candidal biofilm infections, to overcome the inherent tolerance of biofilm structures to antifungal agents.
Inhibition of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 suppresses ATP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages via TWIK2-mediated potassium efflux
Authors: Wang Yingqin , Wang Chen , He Qiaolan , Chen Guannan , Yu Jie , Cang Jing , Zhong Ming 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundInhibition of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), which catalyzes bioactive lipid sphingosine-1–phosphate (S1P), attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation. S1P exerts most of its function by binding to S1P receptors (S1PR1-5). The roles of S1P receptors in NLRP3 inflammasome activation remain unclear.Materials and methodsThe mRNA expressions of S1PRs in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. BMDMs were primed with LPS and stimulated with NLRP3 activators, including ATP, nigericin, and imiquimod. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the cell culture supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Intracellular potassium was labeled with a potassium indicator and was measured by confocal microscopy. Protein expression in whole-cell or plasma membrane fraction was measured by Western blot. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was induced in C57BL/6J mice. Mortality, lung wet/dry ratio, NLRP3 activation, and bacterial loads were measured.ResultsMacrophages expressed all five S1PRs in the resting state. The mRNA expression of S1PR3 was upregulated after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Inhibition of S1PR3 suppressed NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β in macrophages primed with LPS. Inhibition of S1PR3 attenuated ATP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, enhanced nigericin-induced NLRP3 activation, and did not affect imiquimod-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In addition, inhibition of S1PR3 suppressed ATP-induced intracellular potassium efflux. Inhibition of S1PR3 did not affect the mRNA or protein expression of TWIK2 in LPS-primed BMDMs. ATP stimulation induced TWIK2 expression in the plasma membrane of LPS-primed BMDMs, and inhibition of S1PR3 impeded the membrane expression of TWIK2 induced by ATP. Compared with CLP mice treated with vehicle, CLP mice treated with the S1PR3 antagonist, TY52156, had aggravated pulmonary edema, increased bacterial loads in the lung, liver, spleen, and blood, and a higher seven-day mortality rate.ConclusionsInhibition of S1PR3 suppresses the expression of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β during LPS priming, and attenuates ATP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by impeding membrane trafficking of TWIK2 and potassium efflux. Although inhibition of S1PR3 decreases IL-1β maturation in the lungs, it leads to higher bacterial loads and mortality in CLP mice.
Versatile and active THz wave polarization modulators using metamaterial/graphene resonators
Authors: Zaman Abdullah M. , Lu Yuezhen , Almond Nikita W. , Burton Oliver J. , Alexander-Webber Jack , Hofmann Stephan , Mitchell Thomas , Griffiths Jonathan D. P. , Beere Harvey E. , Ritchie David A. , Degl’Innocenti Riccardo 
Published: January 2023

Active modification of the polarization state is a key feature for the next-generation of wireless communications, sensing, and imaging in the THz band. The polarization modulation performance of an integrated metamaterial/graphene device is investigated via a modified THz time domain spectroscopic system. Graphene’s Fermi level is modified through electrostatic gating, thus modifying the device’s overall optical response. Active tuning of ellipticity by >0.3 is reported at the resonant frequency of 0.80 THz. The optical activity of transmitted THz radiations is continuously modified by >21.5o at 0.71 THz. By carefully selecting the transmitted frequency with the relative angle between the incoming linear polarization and the device’s symmetry axis, active circular dichroism and optical activity are almost independently exploited. Finally, this all-electronically tuneable versatile polarization device can be used in all applications requiring an ultrafast modulation such as polarization spectroscopy, imaging, and THz wireless generation.
Case report: A unique presentation of a high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with EWSR1::PATZ1 fusion with diagnostic, molecular, and therapeutic insights
Authors: Ene Andre , Di Jing , Neltner Janna H. , Pittman Thomas , Arnold Susanne M. , Kolesar Jill M. , Villano John L. , Bachert Sara E. , Allison Derek B. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundEWSR1::PATZ1 fusion tumors are exceedingly rare in the central nervous system with only 14 prior cases documented. PATZ1 fusion neuroepithelial tumors are beginning to be recognized as a distinct molecular class of neoplasms that most often occur in children and young adults. These tumors are polyphenotypic, show diverse morphologic features, may be low- or high-grade, and tend to have an intermediate prognosis.Case presentationHerein, we present an unusual case of a high-grade neuroepithelial tumor in a young man with an EWSR1::PATZ1 fusion. This case is unique because the tumor appears to have undergone high-grade transformation from a persistent low-grade glioma, which has yet to be reported. Furthermore, this case is the first to document concurrent RB1 loss, SMAD4 loss, and TP53 inactivation in this tumor type, which correlates with high-grade transformation. Fortunately, this patient is alive 2.5 years after treatment and 18.5 years after initial presentation, which provides a unique window into how these tumors clinically behave over a long follow-up period. Finally, we discuss the altered molecular pathways that are a result of the EWSR1::PATZ1 fusion and discuss potential therapeutic targets.ConclusionAwareness of the emerging entity of PATZ1 fusion neuroepithelial tumors is important not only for accurate diagnostic and prognostic purposes but also for predicting response to therapy.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the metabolic changes and the prognostic value of malignant hepatocyte subpopulations and predict new therapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Han Cuifang , Chen Jiaru , Huang Jing , Zhu Riting , Zeng Jincheng , Yu Hongbing , He Zhiwei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe development of HCC is often associated with extensive metabolic disturbances. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides a better understanding of cellular behavior in the context of complex tumor microenvironments by analyzing individual cell populations. MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data was employed to investigate the metabolic pathways in HCC. Principal component analysis (PCA) and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) analysis were applied to identify six cell subpopulations, namely, T/NK cells, hepatocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and B cells. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the existence of pathway heterogeneity across different cell subpopulations. Univariate Cox analysis was used to screen genes differentially related to The Overall Survival in TCGA-LIHC patients based on scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq datasets, and LASSO analysis was used to select significant predictors for incorporation into multivariate Cox regression. Connectivity Map (CMap) was applied to analysis drug sensitivity of risk models and targeting of potential compounds in high risk groups.ResultsAnalysis of TCGA-LIHC survival data revealed the molecular markers associated with HCC prognosis, including MARCKSL1, SPP1, BSG, CCT3, LAGE3, KPNA2, SF3B4, GTPBP4, PON1, CFHR3, and CYP2C9. The RNA expression of 11 prognosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in normal human hepatocyte cell line MIHA and HCC cell lines HCC-LM3 and HepG2 were compared by qPCR. Higher KPNA2, LAGE3, SF3B4, CCT3 and GTPBP4 protein expression and lower CYP2C9 and PON1 protein expression in HCC tissues from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases. The results of target compound screening of risk model showed that mercaptopurine is a potential anti-HCC drug.ConclusionThe prognostic genes associated with glucose and lipid metabolic changes in a hepatocyte subpopulation and comparison of liver malignancy cells to normal liver cells may provide insight into the metabolic characteristics of HCC and the potential prognostic biomarkers of tumor-related genes and contribute to developing new treatment strategies for individuals.