bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticancer drugs versus supportive care for advanced esophageal cancer: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials and meta-analysis
Authors: Santero Marilina , Meade Adriana , Selva Anna , Savall Olga , Bracchiglione Javier , Macías Ismael , Leache Leire , Cerdà Paula , Cosp Xavier Bonfill 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is a global health concern and a leading cause of death. A large number of patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage EC, with very poor survival rates Anticancer drugs have limited effectiveness and severe side effects, but new therapies like immunotherapy show potential despite associated adverse events. This review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of anticancer drugs versus supportive care for advanced esophageal cancer (EC).Methods We searched (May 2022) MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Epistemonikos, and trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov and PROSPERO) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing anticancer drugs (chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or biological/targeted therapy) with supportive care in advanced EC. The results were summarized using GRADE summary of finding tables.Results We included 15 RCTs. Most studies did not have a special focus on EC, did not detail the treatment lines in all patients, and did not evaluate all outcomes. Anticancer drugs may result in a slight increase in overall survival (OS) (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.71, 0.86; MD 0.83 months) and better progression free survival (PFS) (HR 0.56 95% CI 0.49, 0.64, MD 0.68 months), but also may increase toxicity (RR 1.37; 95% CI 1.13, 1.65), without a significant improvement in quality of life. The certainty of evidence was low or very low due to indirectness of results and lack of specific focus on EC in some studies.Conclusion RCTs on advanced EC lack specificity, detailed treatment line information, and evaluation of all relevant outcomes. Moreover, when they find any benefit, this is negligible. Therefore, the certainty to justify anticancer drug treatments instead of BSC in advanced EC is low or very low and it is essential to weigh the potential benefits and risks carefully with active involvement of patients.Registration: The study protocol was registered in OSF (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7CHX6) on 2022-03-29.
Reshaping the Peripersonal Space in Virtual Reality
Authors: Petrizzo Irene , Mikellidou Kyriaki , Avraam Savvas , Avraamides Marios , Arrighi Roberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Peripersonal space (PPS) refers to the space around us that lies within reach, in which most of our interactions with the environment occur. However, the PPS is not a static bubble surrounding our body. Rather, it can be dynamically reshaped in size, for instance as a consequence of the use of tools extending the arm’s reach. Here we employed a visuo-tactile detection task in an immersive VR environment to measure the size of participants’ PPS before and after different kinds of tool training. A short training period in which participants pulled objects from the Extrapersonal space (EPS) towards themselves via a tool was effective in enlarging the PPS, a result that nicely complements previous studies carried out in real life studies. However, no significant change in PPS size was achieved via training with other motor routines such as pulling, hammering or shooting, each of which involving a different kind of interaction between the agent and the targets. Taken together, our results suggest that the reshaping of the PPS is a complex phenomenon in which the kind of motor routines exploited to interact with the surrounding objects, plays a critical role.
Impact of portraiture photography on orthodontic treatment - A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Abutayyem Huda , Alotha Salah Nazal , Alsiyat Basant Mousa H , Alanazi Saif , Alserhani Ebtehal Dhyab M , Albalawi Raghad Fayez H , Alshammri Buthainah Saleh , Alswairki Haytham Jamil , Alfawzan Ahmed Ali , Hajeer Mohammad Younis , Shrivastava Deepti , Srivast Kumar Chandan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and Objective: Due to the clear depiction of facial aesthetics and other craniofacial parameters, portraiture photography (PP) is becoming more and more necessary in modern clinical practice. The studies chosen for this review's inclusion looked at how PP affected the orthodontic treatment and diagnostic procedure on the subjects who were watched in the studies.
Materials & Methods: Studies published within the last decade precisely from 2013 onwards were searched for across major online databases after devising a proper search strategy. Multiple reviewers created a specific data extraction form that was used for the investigation, followed by the evaluation of bias and the variables found in each of the chosen papers. This form was meant for the assessment for various variables encountered in this study.
Results: One research reported a less than ideal 30%, and one study reported variable percentages, but more than 60% of the studies found that respondents had a favorable opinion of the use of PP in an orthodontic setting. In order to improve the effectiveness of their respective results, PP was used as a diagnostic tool in half of the selected studies and at the beginning of the orthodontic treatment plan in five of the studies that were chosen. According to the meta-analysis, using PP was related with a statistically significant decrease in the risk of orthodontic treatment and diagnostic modalities, with odds ratios (OR) of 0.52 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of [0.28, 0.96] and a relative risk (RR) of 0.66 with a CI of [0.45, 0.96].
Conclusion: In orthodontics, PP is an important tool that offers useful data for diagnosis, treatment planning, and tracking treatment success. To validate the results of studies like ours, a sizable evidence sample is required due to the limited number of trials that have been performed in this area
Design and Experiment of a Soybean Shaftless Spiral Seed Discharge and Seed Delivery Device
Authors: Zhu Huibin , Wu Xian , Bai Lizhen , LI Rongdong , Guo Guanyu , Qin Jin , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Hui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In response to the problem of poor flatness caused by straw and root stubble on the no-till surface during the operation of the driven stubble-breaking and anti-blocking no-till planter, poor performance of seed discharge by the seed rower and seed guide operation by the seed guide tube and the overall vibration of the tool during the stubble-breaking and anti-blocking operation in the southwest, a soybean shaftless spiral seed discharge and seed delivery device was designed based on the principle of screw conveying. The optimum seed filling size and speed range of the spiral blade was obtained by analyzing size, force and motion of soybean seeds of "ZhongHuang 37". The quadratic regression orthogonal rotation test and response surface method were used to analyze the operating parameters of the shaftless spiral seed discharge and seed delivery device by joint EDEM(Discrete Element Method)-RecurDyn simulation. The optimum parameters were obtained: the spacing of spiral was 11.4 mm, spiral outer radius was 5.5 mm, spiral inner radius was 2.9 mm and rotation speed was 10.4 r·s− 1. Based on simulation and optimization results, the device was trialed and its field performance was tested. The results show that the average seeding qualification index, reseeding index, missing index and damage index of the shaftless spiral seed discharge and delivery device were 92.6%, 5.03%, 2.4% and 0.92%, respectively, at an average surface level of 8.9 cm, which met the local agronomic requirements. The designed soybean shaftless spiral seed discharge and seed delivery device meets the requirements of the quality of no-till seeding and can provide reference for the design and improvement of seed discharger and seed guide tube under poor ground leveling and long-distance seed delivery conditions.
Mortality Following Proximal Femoral Fractures: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study of Incidence and Risk Factors
Authors: Baghdadi Soroush , Kiyani Maryam , Kalantar Seyyed Hadi , Shiri Samira , Sohrabi Omid , Fard Shahabaldin Beheshti , Afzal Sina , Khabiri Seyyed Saeed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Global prevalence of osteoporosis and fragility fractures is increasing due to the aging population. Proximal femoral fractures are among the most common orthopedic conditions in elderlt that significantly cause health deterioration and mortality. Here, we aimed to evaluate the mortality rates and risk factors, besides the functional outcomes after these injuries.
Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, all patients admitted with a femoral neck or intertrochanteric fracture between 2016 and the end of 2018 were enrolled in this study. Medical records were reviewed to include patients over 60 years of age who had a proximal femoral fracture and had a complete medical record and radiographs available. Exclusion criteria included patients with pathological fractures, cancer under active treatment, follow-up loss, and patient access loss. Demographic and clinical features of patients alongside the details of fracture and patient management were recorded and analyzed. In-hospital and post-discharge mortalities at one and 12 months due to included types of fractures were the primary outcome. Modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHS) was the emasure of functional outcome.
Results: A total of 788 patients including 412 females (52.3%) and 376 males (47.7%) with a mean age of patients was 76.05 ± 10.01 years were included in this study. Among patients, 573 (72.7%) had an intertrochanteric fracture, while 215 (27.3%) had a femoral neck fracture, and 97.1% of all received surgical treatment. With a mean follow-up of 33.31 months, overall mortality rate was 33.1%, and 5.7% one-month and 20.2% 12-months rates. Analysis of 1-month mortality showed a significant mortality difference in patients operated after 48 hours of fracture (p=0.01) and in patients withAmerican Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores of 3-4 compared to ASA scores of 1-2 (p=0.001). One-year mortality data showed that the mortality rate in femoral neck fractures was lower compared to other types of fracture. Surgical delay of >48 hours, ASA scores of 3-4, and treatment by proximal femoral plate were associated with shorter survival. The overall mean mHHS score was 53.80 ± 20.78.
Conclusion: We found several risk factors of mortality, including age ≥80 years, a >48-hour delay to surgery, and pre-operative ASA scores of 3-4 in patients with proximal femoral fracture. Furthermore, the use of a proximal femoral plate was a significant risk factor for mortality and lower mHHS scores.
Activation of Persulfate for the Degradation of Ethyl-parathion in Soil: Combined Effects of Microwave with Biochar
Authors: Zhao Song , Liu Jinbo , Miao Duo , Sun Hongwen , Zhang Peng , Jia Hanzhong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Sulfate radical (SO4−•), formed by persulfate (PS) activation during advanced oxidation process, can be used for the remediation of organic contaminated soil. However, the role of biochar and microwave (MW) in the activation of PS are not fully understood, especially the corresponding mechanism. Herein, biochar combined with MW were used to activate PS for the remediation of ethyl-parathion (PTH)-polluted soil. The dynamic evolutions of PTH under different conditions, such as biochar content, types, and reaction temperature, and the degradation mechanisms of PTH were also systematically investigated. Significant enhancement performance on PTH removal was observed after adding BC, which was increased from 75.35–88.78% within 80 min. Meanwhile, activating temperature and the PFRs in biochar exhibited remarkable abilities to activate PS for PTH removal. Furthermore, chemical probe tests coupled with quenching experiments confirmed that biochar combined with MW system contributed to the decomposition of PS into active species, such as SO4−•, •OH and O2−•, which could oxidize PTH into oxidative products, including paraoxon, p-nitrophenol, and hydroquinone. The results of this study provided valuable insights into the synergistic effects of biochar and MW in the PS activation, which is helpful for the potential application of biochar materials combined with MW-activated PS in the remediation of pesticide-polluted soils.
Morphological and molecular characterization of two populations ex situ regenerated from a germplasm bank accession of the wild potato Solanum chacoense Bitter
Authors: Hornum Anabela Poulsen , Camadro Elsa Lucila 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Crop wild relatives are conserved in germplasm banks as original accessions or their ex situ regenerated progenies. The commonly used sexual regeneration method in wild potatoes (FAO 2013) -cultivation of 20-25 plants/accession (N), hand-pollination with pollen mixtures when a percentage of the plants are in bloom, and composition of the regenerated accession without controlling the number of seeds provided by each female progenitor- does not consider the action of internal reproductive barriers. However, wild potatoes -mostly diploid and obligate out-crossers- may present internal pre-zygotic, post-zygotic, or both types of complete or incomplete reproductive barriers, which can reduce the effective number of progenitors (Ne) in relation to N. To evaluate possible phenotypic and genetic changes during a sexual reproduction cycle, two regeneration protocols were followed with one accession of Solanum chacoense Bitter: the current one and the proposed by Camadro (2012). The original accession and the two regenerated populations were morphologically and molecularly characterized. Twenty-one morphological characters (quantitative and qualitative) were considered, and the data were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. Allele frequencies were calculated for six microsatellite markers (SSR) and compared among populations with a chi-square test (α= 0.05). Great morphological variability for morphological phenotypes and four of the six analyzed SSR, as well as changes in allele frequencies (including allele loss) were revealed within and among the three populations. Therefore, it is advisable to consider aspects of reproductive and population genetics in developing regeneration protocols to prevent or reduce the risks of genetic erosion in sexual regeneration cycles.
Impact of proficiency in the Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation procedure on clinical outcomes: A single center retrospective study
Authors: Miyoshi Hirotsugu , Kamiya Satoshi , Ikeda Tsuyoshi , Narasaki Soshi , Kondo Takashi , Syourin Daiki , Sumii Ayako , Kido Kenshiro , Otsuki Sachiko , Kato Takahiro , Nakamura Ryuji , Tsutsumi Yasuo M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
We used transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedure time to investigate the association between surgical team maturity and outcome.
Methods
Among patients who underwent TAVI between October 2015 and November 2019, those who had Sapien™ implanted with the transfemoral artery approach were included in the analysis. We used TAVI procedure time and surgery number to draw a learning curve. Then, we divided the patients into two groups before and after the number of cases where the sigmoid curve reaches a plateau. We compared the two groups regarding the surveyed factors and investigated the correlation between the TAVI procedure time and survey factors.
Results
Ninety-nine of 149 patients were analysed. The sigmoid curve had an inflection point in 34.7 cases and reached a plateau in 43.0 cases. Patients in the Late group had a shorter operating time, less contrast media, less radiation exposure, and less myocardial escape enzymes than the Early group. Surgical procedure time showed the strongest correlation with the surgical case number.
Conclusion
The number of cases required for surgeon proficiency in TAVI was approximately 43. This number may serve as a guideline for switching the anesthesia management of TAVI from general to local anesthesia.
Body Mass Index as a Dominant Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome among Indonesian Adults: A 6-year Prospective Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Rahmawati Nurul Dina , Andriani Helen , Wirawan Fadila , Farsia Latifah , Waits Alexander , Taufiqurahman Khobir Abdul Karim 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to a cluster of conditions that significantly increase the risk of some NCDs, in particular cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. MetS risk factors have been extensively researched using cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs, however, few studies have tried to understand the course of the disease based on established risk factors. This study aimed to track changes in adult MetS risk in a cohort based in Bogor District, one of the most populated areas of Indonesia.
Methods
This prospective open cohort study analysed secondary data from the Special Research - Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases by the Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia from 2011 to 2018. The final sample was 1,376 Indonesian adult participants, all residents of Bogor District. MetS outcome, dietary assessment, physical activity, and biomarkers were analysed every two consecutive years.
Results
The risk of overweight and obese participants developing MetS was 2.4 and 4.4 times higher, respectively (p < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.176–3.320 and 3.345–5.740) than those with body mass index (BMI) in the normal range. Participants who reported less intentional physical exercise had a MetS risk 1.5 times higher (p = 0.032, 95% CI: 1.034–2.109) than those with more intentional physical exercise. The role of diet is also significant, evidenced by a 30% reduction in MetS risk for people with fat intakes in the 2nd quartile compared to the 1st quartile (p-value = 0.033, 95% CI: 0.505–0.972). Meanwhile, a carbohydrate intake in the 2nd quartile increased the risk of MetS 1.5 times (p = 0.023, 95% CI: 1.063–2.241) in comparison with the 1st quartile.
Conclusions
After controlling for confounding factors, overweight and obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and a higher quartile of carbohydrate consumption were observed to increase MetS risk. The highest cumulative survival of MetS was recorded for participants with underweight BMI, and the lowest cumulative survival was recorded for participants with obese BMI. These findings indicate immediate strategic actions are required to improve an existing early detection and NCD monitoring programme that promotes a community-based healthy lifestyle in Bogor District, Indonesia.
Evaluations of exercise intolerance with cardiopulmonary exercise tests in a 24-year-old young male with obesity with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency: A case report
Authors: Chen Chun Yu , Chang Shin Tsu , Lin Ko Long 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare amino acid metabolism genetic disorder. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) metabolism defects cause variant PKU. BH4 coenzyme deficiency disables phenylalanine metabolism into tyrosine, causing brain damage and intellectual impairment. Patients follow a low-phenylalanine diet for life, increasing the risk of obesity, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome.
Case Presentation: A 24-year-old male patient with BH4 deficiency underwent a pulmonary function test and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were within normal values, with an 80.68% ratio. The 20-watt bicycle exercise test indicated moderate functional impairment (27.3 ml/kg/min of peak oxygen intake). The test achieved 81% and 70% of the target and reserve heart rates, respectively. The patient’s body mass index was 29.9 kg/m2, causing a high resting metabolic rate and oxygen uptake. The need for oxygen uptake is more prominent during high-intensity exercise, thus his functional impairment was caused by obesity.
Conclusion: CPET evaluates cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with PKU, providing appropriate aerobic and resistance training to improve prognosis with a weight control program.
Biologically Aware Lighting for Newborn Intensive Care
Authors: Greenberg James , Gruner Katherine , Rodney Lousette , Struve Jaime , Kang Daniel , Cao Yuying , Lang Richard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: We designed and implemented a novel neonatal intensive care (NICU) lighting system to support current understanding of sunlight-coupled physiology.
Methods: We created a system that generates wavelengths corresponding to the known blue and violet activation spectra of non-visual opsins. These are known to mediate energy management and related physiologic activity.
Results: Light produced by the system spans the visible spectrum, including violet wavelengths that are blocked by modern glazing and not emitted by standard LED fixtures. System features include automated light and dark phases that mimic dawn/dusk. The system also matches length of day seasonality. Spectral composition can be varied to support translational research protocols. Implementation required a comprehensive strategy to inform bedside providers about the value and use of the lighting system.
Conclusion: Full-spectrum lighting for the NICU is feasible and will inform optimization of the NICU environment of care to support optimal neonatal growth and development.
The impact of exercise on executive function in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shun , Li Zeng yi , Sun Xin yu , Chen Chao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of exercise on executive function in overweight and obese children and adolescents. METHODS: Four databases, including Pubmed, Web of Science, EBSCOHost, and China Knowledge Network, were selected to search for empirical studies related to the effect of exercise on executive function in overweight and obese children and adolescents, and the included literature was assessed for risk bias, and combined effect sizes and subgroup analyses were performed using STATA 14.1 software.
RESULTS: 1) The nine included papers were predominantly moderately biased and contained a total of 764 subjects; 2) exercise significantly affected the development of executive function in overweight and obese children and adolescents (SMD=-0.432, 95% CI: -0.764, -0.099, p<0.05), but there were differences between subcomponents that significantly affected the development of working memory and inhibitory control ( SMD=-1.09, 95% CI: -1.94, -0.24, P<0.05; SMD=-0.41, 95% CI: -0.76, -0.06, P<0.05) and did not significantly affect the development of cognitive flexibility. (SMD=-0.09, 95% CI: -0.85, 0.67, P>0.05); 3) Acute exercise can significantly affect the development of executive function in overweight and obese children and adolescents compared to long-term intervention (SMD=-0.456, 95% CI: -0.893, -0.019, P<0.05); 4) Acute exercise can be performed with a single duration of 40 min (SMD= -1.172, 95% CI: -1.547, -0.706, P<0.01), moderate intensity (SMD= -0.53, 95% CI: -1.04, -0.02, P<0.05), basketball combined with jump rope (SMD= -0.822, 95% CI: - 1.012, -0.632, P<0.01).
Conclusions: 1) exercise improves inhibitory control and working memory in overweight and obese children and adolescents; 2) acute exercise is effective in improving executive function in overweight and obese children and adolescents; and 3) basketball combined with jump rope exercise of single duration 40 min and moderate intensity (60%-69% HRmax) is recommended to improve executive function in overweight and obese children and adolescents.