bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tragedi 13 Mei 1969 dalam Berbagai Perspektif
Authors: Muhammad Hasmi Yanuardi  , Ahmad Musyalen Firdaus  
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the May 13, 1969 Tragedy according to various existing perspectives. The method used in writing this article uses stages that are usually standard in historical research, such as starting from selecting topics, gathering sources, verifying which contains historical criticism and the validity of sources, then proceeding to the interpretation stage and ending with writing. The results of this study are that the May 13, 1969 Tragedy was an event of racial riots between ethnic Malays and ethnic Chinese in Malaysia, especially in Kuala Lumpur, Selangor. The incident which was the result of the Opposition Party's victory march consisting of the Malaysian People's Movement Party (Parti Gerakan) and the Democratic Action Party (DAP) resulted in riots that paralyzed the country. In understanding this event, there are several perspectives such as originating from the Official Sources of the Malaysian Government, the existence of provocation by the Communist group, the Government's failure to prosper the Malay ethnicity and the dynamics of Sino-Malay social and economic interaction. From several existing perspectives, it cannot be decided that the cause of the May 13, 1969 Tragedy was only due to a single cause but could also be caused by various triggering factors. These factors can be in the form of socio-economic inequality, political rivalry and security threats from communist groups.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan Tragedi 13 Mei 1969 menurut berbagai perspektif yang ada. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini menggunakan tahapan-tahapan yang lazimnya menjadi standard dalam penelitian sejarah seperti diawali dari pemilihan topik, pengumpulan sumber, verifikasi yang di dalamnya memuat atas kritik sejarah dan keabsahan sumber, kemudian dilanjutkan pada tahap interpretasi dan diakhiri dengan penulisan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Tragedi 13 Mei 1969 merupakan peristiwa kerusuhan rasial antara etnis Melayu dengan etnis Tionghoa di Malaysia, khususnya di Kuala Lumpur, Selangor. Peristiwa yang merupakan dampak pawai kemenangan Partai Oposisi yang terdiri dari Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (Parti Gerakan) dan Democratic Action Party (DAP) mengakibatkan kerusuhan hingga melumpuhkan negara. Di dalam memahami peristiwa ini, terdapat beberapa perspektif seperti berasal dari Sumber Resmi Pemerintah Malaysia, adanya provokasi kelompok Komunis, Kegagalan Pemerintah dalam mensejahterakan etnis Melayu dan dinamika interaksi sosial dan ekonomi Sino-Melayu. Dari beberapa perspektif yang ada, tidak dapat diputuskan bahwa penyebab Tragedi 13 Mei 1969 hanya karena sebab tunggal tetapi dapat disebabkan juga dari berbagai faktor yang memicu. Faktor tersebut dapat berupa ketimpangan sosial-ekonomi, rivalitas politik dan ancaman keamanan dari kelompok komunis.
The Project of an Autonomous Microboat with a Laser Device for Estimation of Water Area Pollution by Microplastic
Authors: Alekseev V. A. , Yuran S. I. , Zaripov M. R. , Usoltsev V. P. 
Published: August 2023

Water area pollution by microplastic particles smaller than 5 mm is a serious environmental problem. Usually, studies of water pollution are carried out by taking water samples with their further analysis in the laboratory. Therefore, study of the water areas for the presence of plastic with the identification of extensive pollution sites in real time is actual.The project of an autonomous unmanned research vehicle operating in water area and transferring the research data to the information processing center is discussed in the article. The device produces laser probing of the aquatic environment to detect polyethylene microparticles and to build maps of pollution sites in the studied water area.To implement the proposed project, the following tasks are solved:detection of plastic microparticles in the studied volume of the water environment where particle sizes are several orders of magnitude smaller than the studied water volume;identification of microparticles in presence of particles of other types of substances in the investigated water environment volume;estimation of the number particles’ in the studied water environmentA new approach which consists in creating an autonomous microboat that explores the water area along a route set from a control center located on the shore is proposed. The study involves the detection of microparticles in a certain volume of liquid flowing through a research tube installed in the bottom of the boat. There is a Schauberger tube in the central part of which particles are concentrated inside the tube. It makes possible to search for particles by laser probing with a wavelength about 3.5 μm, on which the peak absorption of light by polyethylene many times exceeds the water absorption.To ensure the energy efficiency of the microboat it is proposed to use a scheme for laser pulses combining using a fiber-optic delay line. This makes it possible to reduce the power consumption of the laser by almost an order of magnitude. The proposed project of the boat will make it possible to conduct studies of large water areas with the detection of plastic microparticles’ pollution sites. Examples of the used optical fiber, photodetector and laser source for the problem being solved are derived in the article.
Urbanization Level and Tempo (Speed) in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Tekulu Fikre Belay 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study attempts to study the level and tempo or speed of urbanization in the Tigray regional state based on census data from 1994-2013 in Ethiopia. The level of urbanization at the regional level was found in 1994, 2007, and 2020 at 14.9%, 21.7%, and 27.7 % respectively. Whereas the level of urbanization varies among the zones of the region, the higher level of urbanization was recorded in the Eastern zone followed by the Western, Southern Zone and Central zone of Tigray. The tempo or speed of urbanization was determined to be 0.49 percent per year at the regional level, with the Eastern area of Tigray showing the greatest tempo or speed of urbanization. The unbalanced urbanization among the zones results in socio-economic challenges. The study recommends several policy interventions given in the conclusion part aimed at judicious urbanization suitable for sustainable development.
Numerical study of the performance of a bubble driven micromixer based on oscillating bubble injection
Authors: Rad Hossein Safaei , Aalaei Ehsan , Mousavi Seyed Mostafa , kamali Reza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Micromixers are one of the common pieces of equipment in microﬂuidic devices and have been widely used for a variety of applications. They are generally divided into active and passive categories. Active micromixers use external energy sources for mixing. Pressure-based micromixers are a common type of active micromixer that use a variety of strategies to create disturbances in the ﬂow and improve mixing. Of all the strategies used for this type of micromixer, oscillating bubble injection has rarely been investigated. In this study, we investigate the ﬂow characteristics and mass transfer process in a two-dimensional micromixer based on oscillating bubble injection. Diﬀerent parameters aﬀect the mixing performance in this micromixer. In this study, the eﬀects of Reynolds number, bubble oscillation frequency, bubble oscillation amplitude, and side channel geometry on three variables of mixing index, pressure drop, and air inlet pressure have been investigated. The results show that with increasing Reynolds number at constant bubble oscillation frequency and amplitude, the mixing index decreases. Also, with increasing bubble oscillation frequency at constant Reynolds number and constant oscillation amplitude, the mixing index will increase. Increasing the bubble oscillation amplitude at constant Reynolds number and constant oscillation frequency will increase the mixing index. In a simple side channel with a constant diameter, the bubble becomes unstable, so this geometry is undesirable. Changing the side channel geometry by introducing an expansion in the side channel will solve this problem. Nevertheless, increasing the side channel expansion width will reduce the mixing index. The best mixing index was 78.19% in 4.5 seconds, and it shows that the proposed micromixer of this research has good performance in a relatively short time.
A Power Rate Adaptive Control Algorithm Based on Stackelberg Game in Cognitive Networks
Authors: Yu Xinyuan , Li Hui , Xu Yongjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a power-rate adaptive control algorithm based on a distributed Stackelberg game to address power control and mutual interference issues between primary and secondary users in the uplink of cognitive radio networks. First of all, a two-layer network model of primary and secondary users is established, and their utility functions are redesigned. The primary user regulates the secondary users transmit power through the unit interference price to minimize interference. Secondly, the power-rate adaptive control algorithm is derived by obtaining the new utility function, and it is proven that the algorithm converges to Nash and Stackelberg equilibria. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the algorithm can quickly converge within seven iterations and reduce the transmit power of secondary users effectively. Additionally, the transmission rate is increased, and the utility and channel capacity of primary users are improved while maintaining the service quality of both primary and secondary users. The algorithm's adaptiveness and robustness are shown to be excellent, and it can overcome the near and far effects to a certain extent.
Miniaturized OCSRR and CCSRR Metamaterial Loaded Tri-band Patch Antenna for Wi-Fi 6E/7 Applications
Authors: P RAJALAKSHMI , N Gunavathi , T SatheeshKumar , P Jeyakumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this article, a tri-band Omega Complementary Split Ring Resonator (OCSRR) and Circular Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CCSRR ) loaded patch antenna is presented for Wi-Fi 6E/7 applications. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular patch, circular and omega shaped CSRR which is designed at 6GHz,5GHz and 2.4GHz respectively. The parametric studies have investigated to optimize the antenna parameters in desired frequency bands using Ansys HFSS 21.0 software. The measured and simulated results are in good in agreement. In addition, the operating principle, equivalent circuit, and negative ɛ parameter of the OCSRR and CCSRR metamaterial structures are also investigated. Compared to the conventional antenna, the proposed antenna has a compact size of 0.21λg × 0.28λg × 0.02λg (where λg is the guided wavelength in free space at 2.4 GHz) and size reduction of 81.9%.
The Impact of Overnight Work on Employee's Health and Lifestyle among Korean Adults: An Age-and Gender-Matched Study
Authors: Hwang In-Whi , Choe Ju-Pil , Hwang Soo-Ji , Shen Jun-Hao , Lee Jung-Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Shift work has become more widespread globally as the demand for round-the-clock production and service industries continues to grow. This study investigated the health and lifestyle disparities between day and overnight workers, focusing on the impact of work schedules on employee health. We used the raw data from the 2018–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey involving 604 adult workers. The results revealed that overnight workers faced increased risks for health concerns such as sleep deprivation (weekday sleep time: Day = 6.78 ± 1.35, Overnight = 6.36 ± 1.65, p < 0.00), type 2 diabetes (HbA1c (%): O.R = 5.66, 95% CI: 2.57 – 12.45) compared to day workers. Furthermore, sedentary behavior time (≥ 601 minutes: O.R = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.25 – 3.60) and lifestyle factors (white-collar workers: O.R = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.28 – 0.85, low-income individuals: O.R = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.28 – 4.19, smoking status: O.R = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.70 – 4.43) were found to be associated with the likelihood of working overnight. The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions, policies, and collaboration to address overnight workers' unique challenges, support their well-being, and raise awareness of associated health risks.
The effect of behavioural intervention package on domestic violence and quality of life of abused pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mahapatro Meerambika , Roy Sudeshna , Nayar Poonam , Jadhav Ashwini , Panchkaran Suruchi , Prasad Sudha , Dhar Neera 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Domestic violence during pregnancy especially concerns due to its significant detrimental impact on a woman’s health and that of her unborn child. The study aims to evaluate the effects of a behavioural intervention package (BIP) delivered during pregnancy on domestic violence, reproductive and child health, and the quality of life (QOL) of women facing domestic violence.
Methods
A randomised controlled trial was conducted on 211 pregnant women recruited between 18 and 20 weeks of pregnancy and randomly assigned to one of two groups: study (n = 105) or control (n = 206). The study group received Behavioural intervention and standard care, while the control group received only standard care over 28 weeks. Study tools included socio-demographic variables, an abuse assessment screening tool, a reproductive child health (RCH) checklist, and a short-form health survey (SF-36). The tools were completed once before the intervention and again at six weeks postnatal. The P-value was less than 0.05, which was considered statistically significant.
Results
The results showed that the potential of BIP intervention, which was found to be significantly effective in reducing DV and increasing the QOL for abused pregnant women, was higher in the study group than in the control group (P = 0.001). Moreover, DV and QOL scores significantly improved in the control group from baseline to end line.
Conclusion
The BIP may be an appropriate method for treating pregnant, abused women from low socioeconomic strata who attend public hospitals in India to improve their QOL. The approach may offer a low-cost intervention that healthcare institutions or other organizations in contact with women at risk of violence can implement.
Trial registration
Indian Registry of Clinical Trials number is CTRI/2019/01/017009.
A Novel Method for Energy Efficiency in Internet of Thing (IoT) through Fuzzy Logic and Genetic-Algorithm-Based Clustering applied for Agriculture Monitoring
Authors: Tabatabaei Shayesteh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Over the past few decades, research on the Internet of Things (IoT) has advanced quickly thanks to recent advancements in wireless communication technologies. IoT is evolving into a large-scale, all-encompassing network that will be extensively used in environmental monitoring, agriculture, and other fields. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) serve as the IoT systems' primary monitoring infrastructure. WSNs could be used to monitor the conditions in an agricultural field, including temperature, humidity, light, carbon dioxide, soil moisture, and acidity. These factors have a crucial role in the development, excellence, and yield of crops. In order to gather crucial data, numerous sensor devices are placed in agricultural land. The ability of sensor nodes to conserve energy is thought to be crucial for extending the lifespan of WSNs. Innovative, effective, and cost-effective solutions should be devised to provide reasonable energy consumption and maximize the lifespan of WSNs for agricultural. In routing operations, clustering is recognized as a well-known strategy. In this paper, a novel energy-efficient approach based on genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic is suggested to increase network lifetime. The proposed technique use an integrated clustering structure to reduce the distances between sensor nodes where data must be transmitted. The results of OPNET's simulations showed that the suggested system performs better than the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol in terms of energy usage and WSN lifetime.
EEG Signal Based Multi Class Emotion Recognition using Hybrid 1D-CNN and GRU
Authors: Gupta Harshil , Sharma Ojesh , Bhardwaj Dhruv , Yadav Jyoti , Inderjeet  
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, a hybrid architecture combining a Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is proposed for multi-class emotion recognition using EEG signals.Emotion recognition using EEG signals is a challenging task due to the ever-changing nature of EEG signals and the high dimensionality of the feature space. The proposed approach aims to address these challenges by utilizing a hybrid architecture that combines the strengths of both 1D-CNN and GRU. The 1D-CNN is used to retrieve relevant spatial features from the EEG signals, while the GRU is employed to capture the temporal dependencies in the signals. The models were used to classify multi-class emotions: four and sixteen emotions based on the valence-arousal and valence-arousal-liking-dominance planes, respectively, using the benchmark DEAP dataset. The experiment results showed that the proposed models achieved high accuracy in classifying emotions for both four and sixteen emotions as compared to state of art methods. The results of this research have significant implications for the development of affective computing systems in various fields, including healthcare, human-computer interaction, and education. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of deep learning models in affective computing and provides a foundation for future research in this field. The use of reliable physiological signals and the combination of different architectures have shown to be effective in accurately classifying emotions.
A Rare Presentation of Invasive Glomus Tumor in the Occipital Bone: Case Report
Authors: AlQurashi Ibraheem , Alsayegh Hassan , Abdalla Tagelasfya , Albattat Batla , Ghallab Khalid , Alothman Maram 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Glomus tumor is a perivascular tumor commonly originating from the digits. It is a benign tumor however, few author stated that it can potentially be malignant. Extra-digital glomus tumor is rare and challenging to be diagnosed based on imaging and without histopathological examination. It can mimic a variety of benign and malignant soft tissue neoplasms. Considering this entity in an extra-digital location is the way to accurately diagnose these patients, resulting in proper management.
Case presentation:
This is a 17-year-old male patient with an occipital region swelling with no trauma history or skin changes. Imaging of this of swelling do not give solid conclusion. Surgical resection was done and tuned to be glomus tumor. Following the surgical resection, the patient had no significant residual or recurrence on subsequent clinical follow-up.
Conclusion:
Glomus tumor at the scalp region is a diagnostic challenge mimicking malignancy and locally aggressive neoplasm. This entity should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of hypervascular head and neck masses. Prompt accurate radiological diagnosis of such location is important due to the variability of differential diagnoses.
Influence of cachexia on immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis for malignant tumors of digestive system
Authors: Tao Zhirui , Chen Zhiqin , Gao Yong , Quan Ming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and aims:
The incidence of malnutrition in patients with malignant tumors of the digestive system exceeds 30%. Advanced patients are more likely to develop cachexia. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a constant loss of skeletal muscles with or without a loss of weight leading to immune dysfunction. We performed a retrospective study to investigate the influence of cachexia on the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis for malignant tumors of the digestive system.
Methods
The prognosis data of 98 patients with advanced cancer of the digestive system who received immunotherapy in Shanghai Provincial Dongfang Hospital from September 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Cachexia was calculated using the change of the area of the psoas major muscle (PMMA) or the weight. Computed tomography (CT) reading software was utilized to calculate the PMMA at the level of the L3 upper margin. We measured the change at the beginning of immunotherapy and at least two cycles thereafter. According to the evaluation criteria, the participants were divided into cachexia group and control group. Kaplan–Meier and log-rank methods were applied for survival analysis. Cox proportional hazard model as a method was employed to assess the contribution of different clinical factors to the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Spearman’s analysis was implemented for correlation assessment.
Results
A total number of 98 patients diagnosed with malignant tumors of the digestive system, including esophageal carcinoma, gastric, and colorectal and other cancer type, were enrolled. Sixty-two patients were male, with a mean age of 62 ± 13 years at the start of treatment. The objective response rate (ORR) and the disease control rate (DCR) of the 98 cases in the whole group were 5% and 47%, respectively. Neither ORR nor DCR differed between the two groups (ORR: p = 0.654, DCR: p = 0.417). The median PFS in the cachexia group was longer than that in the control group (212 days vs 130 days). However, their difference was not significant (P = 0.321). In the non-cachexia group, the six-month survival rate was 93.6%, and the one-year survival rate was 90.0%. The six-month and one-year survival rates in the cachexia group were 81.6% and 65.8%, respectively. The survival rate of the patients without cachexia was longer than of those with cachexia (p = 0.027). The level of albumin and the number of metastatic organs were related to PFS (p = 0.020, p = 0.029). The level of albumin also was associated with the OS of patients (p = 0.003). The level of albumin was an independent influencing factor of OS (p = 0.003).
Conclusions
Cachexia is a significant factor for poor prognosis of malignant tumors of the digestive system in patients undergoing immunotherapy.