bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An overdue catalyst: Limitations imposed by COVID‐19 improved capacity building in community‐led environmental education in Madagascar
Authors: West Kathy , Tecot Stacey , Walker‐Bolton Amber D. , Borgerson Cortni , Wright Patricia C. , Razafindravony Lovasoa , Andriamiadanarivo Andry , Andrianoely Dina , Celestain Jean , Elison Pascal , Jordan Jessie , Liu Arielle , Milliasse Ramanorintsoa F. , Rafidimanandray Rhodin , Ranaivoson Tolotra , Randimbiarimanana Clara , Razafindrapaoly Be Noel , Soule Madison , Aliperti Jaclyn R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus brought many primatology research programs and conservation efforts to a halt. After Madagascar closed its borders during March 2020, many on‐site international project leaders and researchers returned to their home countries when their programs were delayed or canceled. Madagascar remained closed to travelers until November 2021, when it reopened to international flights. The 20‐month absence of international researchers allowed many local Malagasy program staff, wildlife professionals, and community leaders to step into new leadership roles and responsibilities. Many programs that already had strong Malagasy leadership and meaningful collaborations with local communities flourished, while others either swiftly strengthened these attributes or faced challenges from pandemic‐related travel restrictions. Here, we describe how the coronavirus pandemic events of 2020–2021 initiated long‐overdue shifts in outdated models of internationally led primate research and education projects in communities living alongside primates at risk of extinction. We discuss the benefits and challenges of pandemic‐induced changes within five primatological outreach projects, as well as how we can use these experiences to improve community‐led environmental education and conservation awareness in the future.
Biological normalcy and body fat: Obesity prevalence, fat stigma, and allostatic load among late adolescents and young adults
Authors: Cullin Jennifer M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesBiological normalcy provides a framework to assess tensions between clinical definitions of “normal,” statistical norms, and normative beliefs. A prevailing cultural belief is obesity directly causes poor health, but research has demonstrated consequences of fat stigma. Previous research linked fat stigma and allostatic load (AL) in adults, but this has not been demonstrated in youth, and the role of obesity prevalence is unknown. This study assesses the relationship between fat stigma and AL among youth from counties varying by obesity prevalence.Materials and methodsUndergraduates from 38 counties across the US state of Indiana (n = 175) were recruited. Fat stigma was measured using the brief stigmatizing situations inventory (SSI). AL was calculated using eight biomarkers representing cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune function. Poisson regression assessed relationships of interest and adjusted for potential confounding. An interaction term and stratified analyses were used to assess moderation.ResultsSSI was not statistically associated with obesity prevalence (RR = 0.96, p = 0.173) but did statistically significantly predict AL (RR = 1.019, p = 0.045) when adjusting for confounders. Obesity prevalence moderated the relationship between SSI and AL (RR = 0.993, p = 0.001).DiscussionResults suggest that fat stigma, regardless of body fat percentage, is associated with physiologic wear and tear on the late adolescent body, and that exposure to obesity during earlier adolescence moderates this relationship. Those most at risk for high AL reported high fat stigma and lived in counties with relatively low obesity prevalence during earlier adolescence, suggesting vulnerability to fat stigma may be heightened where obesity is less common.
Viscous flow through a thin‐walled elastic hollow ellipsoid—Experiments to demonstrate a potential flowmeter
Authors: Zhu Xiaoqing , Zhang Yu , Chen Xiao Dong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLarge deformation of an elastic hollow ellipsoid may be used as the mechanism of a flowmeter. It is seen as being inspired by human biology, when passing through fluid internally. The investigation on this potential was carried out where simply the relationships among pressure drop across an ellipsoid, deformation, flowrate and fluid viscosity were obtained. The elastic hollow ellipsoid was made from Silicone, which has a long axis of 0.05 m, a short axis of 0.03 m, and a wall thickness of 3.5 × 10−4 ± 4.6 × 10−5 m. A monotonic relationship between fluid flowrate and a representative diameter of the ellipsoid was found. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) aqueous solutions were used as a more viscous media so the effect of viscosity was explored. Unlike the firm result on flowrate gauging, it was inconclusive on differentiating the effect of viscosity. When the inlet and the outlet of the fluid were switched over, the geometrical expansion of the ellipsoid was found to be sensitive to the small spatial variation of wall thickness (a non‐uniformity caused by manufacturing limitation). Nevertheless, this work has demonstrated an interesting flowmeter and further explorations on viscosity effect may be warranted.
Design of polyarylates containing tert‐butyl cyclohexyl bulky side group with high transparency and low dielectric properties
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yan Guang‐ming , Yang Jie , Zhang Gang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA new kind of novel low dielectric constant (Dk) and high transparency polyarylate had been synthesized through interfacial polycondensation with 1,1′‐ bis (4‐hydroxybenzene)‐4‐tert‐butylcyclohexane (Bt‐BPZ) containing tert‐butyl cyclohexyl bulky side group. As we expect, that the introduction of tert‐butyl cyclohexyl with large free volume is proved to be an efficient strategy for obtaining low dielectric constant and high transparency polyarylate. The optimal dielectric property is obtained with 90% Bt‐PZA in polyarylate (Bt‐PZA91), which show aDkas low as 2.14 at 1 MHz. Meanwhile, Bt‐PZA91 also demonstrates good transmittance of 81.08%–88.34% at 450 nm and 78.67–88.26 at 400 nm. The cut‐off wavelength of Bt‐PZA91 is 304 nm, which is 16 nm shorter than commercial product U‐100 (λc: 320 nm). In addition, the resultant polyarylates showed good comprehensive performance such asTgof 202.2–220.5°C,Td 5%(the initial thermal degradation temperature) of 455.4–468.4°C, tensile strength of 64.7–86.8 MPa and low water absoption (0.41% of Bt‐PZA91). Also it was found to can be thermal process, that its convenient thermoplastic processability makes it a great candidate for light‐electronic industry, 5G communication, and we believe that Bt‐PZA will have a broad application prospect.
Polyethylene based on molecular weight design for eco‐friendly asphalt
Authors: Li Mengru , Luo Chunjia , Zhu Liuyu , Cong Peiliang , Li Huayi , Chen Xi , Zhang Yanmei , Chao Min , Yan Luke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolyethylene (PE) is widely used as a modifier for asphalt due to its low cost. However, PE increases the high‐temperature viscosity of asphalt, leading to higher construction temperatures and harmful emissions. In this study, PE‐modified asphalt with good road performance, energy saving and emission reduction was synthesized by adjusting the molecular weight (Mw) of PE. By studying the effect of PE with different Mw on the viscosity of asphalt, the Mw of PE that can reduce the high‐temperature viscosity of asphalt was concluded and the target product PE‐4 was synthesized. PE reduces the high‐temperature viscosity of asphalt when its Mw is less than the critical molecular weight (Mc) for molecular chain entanglement in the molten state. PE‐4 successfully reduced the high‐temperature viscosity of matrix asphalt. The pavement performance of PE‐4 modified asphalt was characterized. The results showed that PE‐4 reduced the penetration of asphalt, and improved its softening point, ductility, and rutting resistance. PE‐4 modified asphalt is an eco‐friendly asphalt with good road performance. The above data proved that PE with Mw less than Mc makes PE a promising asphalt modifier, which is beneficial to the green utilization of PE.
Phenotype Risk Score but Not Genetic Risk Score Aids in Identifying Individuals With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Barnado April , Wheless Lee , Camai Alex , Green Sarah , Han Bryan , Katta Anish , Denny Joshua C. , Sawalha Amr H. 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) poses diagnostic challenges. We undertook this study to evaluate the utility of a phenotype risk score (PheRS) and a genetic risk score (GRS) to identify SLE individuals in a real‐world setting.MethodsUsing a de‐identified electronic health record (EHR) database with an associated DNA biobank, we identified 789 SLE cases and 2,261 controls with available MEGAEX genotyping. A PheRS for SLE was developed using billing codes that captured American College of Rheumatology SLE criteria. We developed a GRS with 58 SLE risk single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).ResultsSLE cases had a significantly higher PheRS (mean ± SD 7.7 ± 8.0 versus 0.8 ± 2.0 in controls; P < 0.001) and GRS (mean ± SD 12.2 ± 2.3 versus 11.0 ± 2.0 in controls; P < 0.001). Black individuals with SLE had a higher PheRS compared to White individuals (mean ± SD 10.0 ± 10.1 versus 7.1 ± 7.2, respectively; P = 0.002) but a lower GRS (mean ± SD 9.0 ± 1.4 versus 12.3 ± 1.7, respectively; P < 0.001). Models predicting SLE that used only the PheRS had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87. Adding the GRS to the PheRS resulted in a minimal difference with an AUC of 0.89. On chart review, controls with the highest PheRS and GRS had undiagnosed SLE.ConclusionWe developed a SLE PheRS to identify established and undiagnosed SLE individuals. A SLE GRS using known risk SNPs did not add value beyond the PheRS and was of limited utility in Black individuals with SLE. More work is needed to understand the genetic risks of SLE in diverse populations.
Metabolically defined body size and body shape phenotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Authors: Mahamat‐Saleh Y. , Rinaldi S. , Kaaks R. , Biessy C. , Gonzalez‐Gil E. M. , Murphy N. , Le Cornet C. , Huerta J. M. , Sieri S. , Tjønneland A. , Mellemkjær L. , Guevara M. , Overvad K. , Perez‐Cornago A. , Tin Tin S. , Padroni L. , Simeon V. , Masala G. , May A. , Monninkhof E. , Christakoudi S. , Heath A. K. , Tsilidis K. , Agudo A. , Schulze M. B. , Rothwell J. , Cadeau C. , Severi S. , Weiderpass E. , Gunter M. J. , Dossus L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundExcess body fatness and hyperinsulinemia are both associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. However, whether women with high body fatness but normal insulin levels or those with normal body fatness and high levels of insulin are at elevated risk of breast cancer is not known. We investigated the associations of metabolically defined body size and shape phenotypes with the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in a nested case–control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.MethodsConcentrations of C‐peptide—a marker for insulin secretion—were measured at inclusion prior to cancer diagnosis in serum from 610 incident postmenopausal breast cancer cases and 1130 matched controls. C‐peptide concentrations among the control participants were used to define metabolically healthy (MH; in first tertile) and metabolically unhealthy (MU; >1st tertile) status. We created four metabolic health/body size phenotype categories by combining the metabolic health definitions with normal weight (NW; BMI < 25 kg/m2, or WC < 80 cm, or WHR < 0.8) and overweight or obese (OW/OB; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, or WC ≥ 80 cm, or WHR ≥ 0.8) status for each of the three anthropometric measures separately: (1) MHNW, (2) MHOW/OB, (3) MUNW, and (4) MUOW/OB. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsWomen classified as MUOW/OB were at higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer compared to MHNW women considering BMI (OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.14–2.19) and WC (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.09–2.08) cut points and there was also a suggestive increased risk for the WHR (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 0.94–1.77) definition. Conversely, women with the MHOW/OB and MUNW were not at statistically significant elevated risk of postmenopausal breast cancer risk compared to MHNW women.ConclusionThese findings suggest that being overweight or obese and metabolically unhealthy raises risk of postmenopausal breast cancer while overweight or obese women with normal insulin levels are not at higher risk. Additional research should consider the combined utility of anthropometric measures with metabolic parameters in predicting breast cancer risk.
Visinin‐like 1, a novel target gene of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, is involved in apoptosis resistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Tage Hiroki , Yamaguchi Kiyoshi , Nakagawa Saya , Kasuga So , Takane Kiyoko , Furukawa Yoichi , Ikenoue Tsuneo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is associated with various aspects of cancer development. This study explored the roles of novel target genes of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in cancer cells.MethodsUsing the haploid chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line HAP1, RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) was performed to identify genes whose expression was increased by APC disruption and reversed by β‐catenin knockdown (KD). The regulatory mechanism and function of one of the candidate genes was investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.ResultsIn total, 64 candidate genes whose expression was regulated by Wnt/β‐catenin signaling were identified. Of these candidate genes, the expression levels of six were reduced by β‐catenin KD in HCT116 CRC cells in our previous microarray. One of these genes was Visinin‐like 1 (VSNL1), which belongs to the neuronal calcium‐sensor gene family. The expression of VSNL1 was regulated by the β‐catenin/TCF7L2 complex via two TCF7L2‐binding elements in intron 1. VSNL1 KD‐induced apoptosis in VSNL1‐positive CRC cells. Additionally, forced expression of wild‐type VSNL1, but not a myristoylation, Ca2+‐binding, or dimerization‐defective mutant, suppressed the apoptosis induced by camptothecin and doxorubicin in VSNL1‐negative CRC cells.ConclusionOur findings suggest that VSNL1, a novel target gene of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, is associated with apoptosis resistance in CRC cells.
“Being human”: A grounded theory approach to exploring how trainers on clinical psychology doctorate programmes decide whether or not to disclose personal experiences of psychological distress to clinical psychology doctorate trainees
Authors: Davies Simone , Rushworth Imogen , Fisher Paul 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveRecent research and guidelines recommend that trainers on clinical psychology doctorate training programmes consider disclosing personal experiences of psychological distress to trainees. Disclosure is thought to promote cultures of openness, validate and normalise trainee distress, encourage trainee disclosure and help‐seeking and challenge stigmatising narratives. However, little is known about how trainers decide whether, what or how to disclose. This study aims to address that gap by exploring the processes and factors involved in trainers deciding whether or not to disclose personal experiences of psychological distress to trainees, generating findings of relevance across counselling, psychotherapy and psychology training courses.MethodsIn‐depth interviews were conducted with nine trainers on UK clinical psychology doctorate programmes from around the country and analysed in accordance with constructivist grounded theory methods.ResultsFindings indicated that participants valued disclosure personally and professionally but were wary of the dangers of disclosure. Disclosure decisions were made by judging the context against internally held criteria. If criteria were not met, then disclosures were not made. Outcomes, whether positive or negative, served to reinforce the value of disclosure and the importance of managing risks, creating a positive feedback loop.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest factors that are important for trainers to consider when deciding whether or not to disclose. The six‐factor framework developed may be useful for trainers to consider within reflective practice, supervision or during guided self‐reflection in order to make safe, helpful and ethical decisions.
Management of contralateral molar teeth with necrotic pulp and open apexes using platelet‐rich plasma and vital pulp therapy
Authors: Ghandi Mostafa , Ghorbani Farnaz , Sanaei‐Rad Parisa 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageRegenerative endodontics holds promising potential for the regeneration of living tissues in teeth with necrotic pulp and periapical lesion. Platelet‐rich plasma can be easily prepared and used as an ideal scaffold for pulp regeneration.
Skull base osteomyelitis with extensive bony erosion complicated by venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Gathman Tyler J. , Sajjadi Autefeh S. , Kleinschmidt Paul D. 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageSkull base osteomyelitis (SBO) mimics the presentation of various conditions, including solid tumors. Computed tomography‐guided core biopsy for culture informs antibiotic selection, and with intravenous corticosteroids, may minimize chronic neurologic dysfunction. Although SBO predominantly affects individuals who are diabetic or immunocompromised, it is important to be able to recognize SBO presenting in an otherwise healthy individual.
HAV‐induced acalculous cholecystitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Salajegheh Faranak , Shafieipour Sara , Najminejad Zohre , Pourzand Pouria , Nakhaie Mohsen , Jahangiri Samaneh , Sarmadian Roham , Gilani Abolfazl , Rukerd Mohammad Rezaei Zadeh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHepatitis A virus (HAV) has some life‐threatening extrahepatic complications, such as acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC). We present HAV‐induced AAC in a young female, based on clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings, and conduct a literature review. The patient became irritable, which progressed to lethargy, as well as a significant decline in liver function, indicating acute liver failure (ALF). She was immediately managed in the intensive care unit with close airway and hemodynamic monitoring after being diagnosed with ALF (ICU). The patient's condition was improving, despite only close monitoring and supportive treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC).
Recurrent deep vein thrombosis following brown recluse spider bite complicated by medication noncompliance and residual scar tissue: A rare case report
Authors: Surana Arihant , Anand Ayush , Hazique Mohammaed , Singh Birgurman , Gupta Ashwini , Georgy John , Kaki Amir 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageClinicians should be aware of the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis following brown recluse spider bite.
Rectal bleeding as a symptom of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome mimicking rectal neoplasm on colonoscopy: A case report
Authors: Faghih Dinevari Masood , Eftekharsadat Amirtaher , Tarverdizadeh Mahdi , Rasulimanesh Seyyed Mahdi , Riazi Ali , Jabbaripour Sarmadian Amirreza , Abbasian Samaneh 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessagePatients complaining of rectal bleeding, constipation, and a suspicious mass in colonoscopy should undergo biopsy. Histological features such as fibromuscular obliteration in the lamina propria favor SRUS, a benign disorder.
Fingolimod‐induced bladder lymphoma in a patient with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Vaheb Saeed , Ghaffary Elham Moases , Shaygannejad Vahid , Mirmosayyeb Omid 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageMalignancies were reported in some studies following taking Fingolimod. We reported a case of bladder lymphoma after taking Fingolimod. Physicians should consider the carcinogenic effects of Fingolimod in long‐term use and replace it with safer medicines.AbstractFingolimod is a medication with a potential cure to control multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses. Here we describe a 32‐year‐old woman with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis who developed bladder lymphoma induced by long‐term use of Fingolimod. Physicians should consider the carcinogenic effects of Fingolimod in long‐term use and replace it with safer medicines.
Experimente mit Flüssigmetallen
Authors: Handschuh‐Wang Stephan , Rauf Muhammad , Wang Tao , Gan Tiansheng , Stadler Florian J. 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag stellt Flüssigmetalle als Materialien vor, welche eine extreme Modulation der Grenzflächenspannung visuell abbilden können und dabei einen hohen Grad an Nachhaltigkeit besitzen. Deshalb schlagen wir Flüssigmetalle für den Chemieunterricht in Schule und Universität in Demonstrations‐ und Schüler/Studentenversuchen vor.
Haemoglobin response modelling under erythropoietin treatment: Physiological model‐informed machine learning method
Authors: Zhang Zhongyu , Li Zukui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPatients with renal anaemia are usually treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) because of insufficient renal EPO secretion. The establishment of a good haemoglobin (Hgb) response model is a necessary condition for dose optimization design. The purpose of this paper is to apply physics‐informed neural networks (PINN) to build the Hgb response model under EPO treatment. Neural network training is guided by a physiological model to avoid overfitting problems. During the training process, the parameters of the physiological model can be estimated simultaneously. To handle differential equations with impulse inputs and time delays, we propose approximate model equations for the pharmacokinetic (PK) model and the pharmacodynamic (PD) model, respectively. The modified PK/PD model was incorporated into PINN for training. Tests on simulated data and clinical data show that the proposed method has better performance than data‐driven modelling methods and the traditional physiological modelling based on the least squares method.
Thiol‐ene emulsion polymerization using a semi‐continuous approach
Authors: Wenzel Fabian , Larrañaga Urko , Aguirre Miren , Leiza Jose R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe thermally initiated thiol‐ene emulsion polymerization of diallyl phthalate (DAP) diene and ethylenedioxy diethanthiol (EDDT) dithiol monomers in batch and semibatch emulsion polymerization is investigated. The batch process leads to larger and broader particle sizes than when the polymerization is carried out in semibatch. The evolution of the particle size and the final particle size distribution indicate that the stability of the latexes is limited and, hence, aggregation phenomena occurred in both processes. In particular, the evolution of the particle size distribution (PSD) in the semibatch process indicates nucleation, growth, and aggregation occurring simultaneously that produced a bimodal particle size. When the diene monomer was changed to diallyl terephthalate (DATP), the semibatch polymerization yielded smaller particles and narrow distribution without any indication of aggregation. The partial substitution of the dithiol by a trithiol monomer that is substantially more water insoluble affected nucleation of the particles, yielding for both systems smaller particles. The polythioether polymers synthesized present low glass transition temperatures (~ −30/−40°C) and those containing the therephthalate yield crystalline films. The potential application of the polymers as pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) was preliminarily assessed.