bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival Extrapolation Incorporating General Population Mortality Using Excess Hazard and Cure Models: A Tutorial
Authors: Sweeting Michael J. , Rutherford Mark J. , Jackson Dan , Lee Sangyu , Latimer Nicholas R. , Hettle Robert , Lambert Paul C. 
Published: July 2023

Background Different parametric survival models can lead to widely discordant extrapolations and decision uncertainty in cost-effectiveness analyses. The use of excess hazard (EH) methods, which incorporate general population mortality data, has the potential to reduce model uncertainty. This review highlights key practical considerations of EH methods for estimating long-term survival. Methods Demonstration of methods used a case study of 686 patients from the German Breast Cancer Study Group, followed for a maximum of 7.3 y and divided into low (1/2) and high (3) grade cancers. Seven standard parametric survival models were fit to each group separately. The same 7 distributions were then used in an EH framework, which incorporated general population mortality rates, and fitted both with and without a cure parameter. Survival extrapolations, restricted mean survival time (RMST), and difference in RMST between high and low grades were compared up to 30 years along with Akaike information criterion goodness-of-fit and cure fraction estimates. The sensitivity of the EH models to lifetable misspecification was investigated. Results In our case study, variability in survival extrapolations was extensive across the standard models, with 30-y RMST ranging from 7.5 to 14.3 y. Incorporation of general population mortality rates using EH cure methods substantially reduced model uncertainty, whereas EH models without cure had less of an effect. Long-term treatment effects approached the null for most models but at varying rates. Lifetable misspecification had minimal effect on RMST differences. Conclusions EH methods may be useful for survival extrapolation, and in cancer, EHs may decrease over time and be easier to extrapolate than all-cause hazards. EH cure models may be helpful when cure is plausible and likely to result in less extrapolation variability. Highlights In health economic modeling, to help anchor long-term survival extrapolation, it has been recommended that survival models incorporate background mortality rates using excess hazard (EH) methods. We present a thorough description of EH methods with and without the assumption of cure and demonstrate user-friendly software to aid researchers wishing to use these methods. EH models are applied to a case study, and we demonstrate that EHs are easier to extrapolate and that the use of the EH cure model, when cure is plausible, can reduce extrapolation variability. EH methods are relatively robust to lifetable misspecification.
Cultural Wealth Coping as Protective Factors of Resilience for Latine Students
Authors: Cuellar Stephanie 
Published: July 2023

Despite intersectional barriers to accessing and navigating institutions of higher education, Latine college student enrollment and attainment rates are increasing. This critical quantitative study employed Community Cultural Wealth framework to identify connections between cultural coping strategies and resilience among 143 Latine students at a Predominantly White Institution. Using the newly developed Cultural Wealth Coping Scale, this study revealed that linguistic capital and cognitive resilience capital promote resilience. Recommendations for future research and practice are provided. A pesar de las barreras interseccionales para acceder y navegar por las instituciones de educación superior, las tasas de matriculación y logros de los estudiantes universitarios Latine están aumentando. Este estudio cuantitativo crítico empleó el marco de la Riqueza Cultural Comunitaria para identificar las conexiones entre las estrategias de afrontamiento cultural y la resiliencia entre 143 estudiantes Latine en una institución predominantemente blanca. Usando la Escala de Afrontamiento de Riqueza Cultural recientemente desarrollada, este estudio reveló que el capital lingüístico y el capital de resiliencia cognitiva promueven la resiliencia. Se proporcionan recomendaciones para futuras investigaciónes y prácticas.
Analysis of Determinants for Suture-mediated Closure Device Failure During EVAR Procedures
Authors: Garabet W , Arnautovic A , Meurer L , Mulorz J , Rembe JD , Duran M , Süss JD , Schelzig H , Wagenhäuser MU 
Published: July 2023

Objective Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for elective and emergency infrarenal aortic pathologies is the primary approach for treatment nowadays. During such procedure, the suture-mediated closure device (SMCD) (Perclose ProGlideTM, Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, IL, USA) is commonly used. This study aimed to identify potential contributors for SMCD failure in a patient cohort of elective and emergency EVAR. Methods Archived medical records from patients who underwent EVAR for aortic pathologies in elective and emergency setting at the University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany were included. Patient’s co-morbidities, access vessel morphologies and hemostasis-related blood parameters were evaluated on their association with SMCD failure applying different statistical methods. Results A total of 71 patients (139 femoral accesses) was included. The mean age was 73.5 ± 8.4 years. Overall SMCD failure rate was 4.3%, 4.1% for elective and 5.9% for emergency cases, respectively. Total procedure time was longer for the SMCD failure group (323 ± 117.8 min vs 171 ± 43.7 min). The calcification status of the common femoral artery (CFA), the diameter of the aortic bifurcation, and dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) on the medication plan prior to the procedure were associated with SMCD failure. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis nominated several potentially relevant predictors for SMCD failure who underwent subsequent multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Here, DAPT on the medication plan was identified as being promising in predicting SMCD failure (OR 30.5), while anterior plaque formation in the CFA maintained as only statistically relevant determinant (OR 44.9). Conclusions This study confirms the CFA calcification status to be associated with SMCD failure. Although discontinued prior to endovascular treatment, DAPT was also found to be associated with SMCD failure. Our results may advocate to perform obligatory platelet testing prior to EVAR to maximize patient safety.
Patient Perceptions of Surgeon Reimbursement in Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Mike-Mayer Austin B. , Sakthivelnathan Vishaal , Sharma Akhil , Panchbhavi Vinod K. , Chen Jie 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The incidence of total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) for ankle osteoarthritis has increased in the Medicare population by approximately 16.37% each year. This study examines the patient perception of orthopedic surgeon reimbursement for TAA by Medicare. Methods. A total of 78 patients were surveyed anonymously at 2 foot and ankle clinics within an academic health care setting. The surveys were given anonymously before the patients were seen by an orthopedic surgeon. Surveys were returned to office staff who placed them in a collection box to ensure confidentiality. Results. The average estimate of how much orthopedic surgeons should be reimbursed for TAA was $19 506 and the average estimate of how much orthopedic surgeons were actually reimbursed was $20 772. Fifty patients believed that orthopedic surgeons were under reimbursed, 9 believed that they were reimbursed appropriately, and 19 were unsure. Demographic variables such as age, sex, education level, income, and insurance status had no significant effect on the results. Conclusions. Most patients believed orthopedic surgeons are under reimbursed for TAA and that there is a lack of health care transparency regarding orthopedic reimbursement for TAA by Medicare. Levels of Evidence: Level V: Expert opinion
Comparison of Habitual Versus Recurrent Patellar Dislocation in Children and Adolescents: Differences in Radiological Features
Authors: Huang Lin , Qian Zhan-Hua , Yang Zheng , Lv Xue-min , Feng Chao 
Published: July 2023

Background: Recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) and habitual patellar dislocation (HPD) in flexion are frequently encountered in children and adolescents. Purpose: To compare the radiological features of RPD and HPD in children and adolescents. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Imaging data were collected from patients aged 9 to 15 years who received surgical treatment for HPD or RPD at a single institution between June 2015 and September 2020. The prevalence of trochlear dysplasia, tibial tubercle lateralization, and lower limb rotational deformity was assessed through hip/knee/ankle computed tomography (CT) using the following quantitative indicators: trochlear depth index, lateral trochlear inclination, sulcus angle, tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, ratio of TT-TG distance to femoral width, TT-TG angle, femoral anteversion angle, and tibial external rotation angle. The morphology of trochlea and patella were graded on knee CT using the Dejour and Wiberg classification. The Insall-Salvati index and Caton-Deschamps index were used to evaluate the height of the patella on lateral view radiographs. To evaluate lower limbs malalignment, the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle and medial proximal tibial angle were measured on weightbearing full-length radiographs. The collected data were analyzed and compared between the HPD and RPD groups. Results: Enrolled were 15 patients (21 knees) diagnosed with HPD and 18 patients (22 knees) diagnosed with RPD. The age of first dislocation was significantly younger in the HPD group (7.6 ± 3.4 vs 11.2 ± 1.4 years; P = 0.003). Knees in the HPD group had a significantly higher proportion of Dejour type C dysplasia (57.1% vs 4.5%; P < .005) and Wiberg type 3 patella (66.7% vs 9.1%; P < .001). There were statistically significant differences between the groups in the trochlear depth index (HPD vs RPD: 1.1 ± 1.7 vs 2.2 ± 1.5 mm; P = .039), sulcus angle (170.3° ± 13.7° vs 157.3° ± 16.0°; P = .007), Insall-Salvati index (1.1 ± 0.2 vs 1.3 ± 0.2; P = .034), and tibial external rotation angle (31.3° ± 7.8° vs 38.4° ± 8.5°; P = .009). Conclusion: Patients in the HPD group presented with poorer trochlear and patellar development, lower patellar height, and less tibial external rotation compared with patients in the RPG group.
Efficacy of mindfulness added to treatment as usual in patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache: a phase-III single-blind randomized-controlled trial (the MIND-CM study)
Authors: Grazzi Licia , D’Amico Domenico , Guastafierro Erika , Demichelis Greta , Erbetta Alessandra , Fedeli Davide , Nigri Anna , Ciusani Emilio , Barbara Corso , Raggi Alberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Mindfulness gained considerable attention for migraine management, but RCTs are lacking. We aimed to assess the efficacy of a six-sessions mindfulness-based treatment added to treatment as usual (TaU) in patients with Chronic Migraine (CM) and Medication Overuse Headache (MOH) on headache frequency, medication intake, quality of life, disability, depression and anxiety, cutaneous allodynia, awareness of inner states, work-related difficulties, and disease cost.

Methods
In this Phase-III single-blind RCT carried out in a specialty Italian headache center, 177 patients with CM and MOH were randomized 1:1 to either TaU (withdrawal from overused drugs, education on proper medication use and lifestyle issues, and tailored prophylaxis) or mindfulness-based intervention added to TaU (TaU + MIND). The mindfulness-based intervention consisted of six group session of mindfulness practice and 7–10 min daily self-practice. The primary endpoint was the achievement of ≥ 50% headache frequency reduction at 12 months compared to baseline, and was analyzed on an intention-to-treat principle using Pearson’s Chi-Squared test. Secondary endpoints included medication intake, quality of life (QoL), disability, depression and anxiety, cutaneous allodynia, awareness of inner states, work-related difficulties, and disease cost. The secondary endpoints were analyzed using per-protocol linear mixed models.

Results
Out of the 177 participants 89 were randomized to TaU and 88 to TaU + MIND. Patients in the TaU + MIND group outperformed those in TaU for the primary endpoint (78.4% vs. 48.3%; p < 0.0001), and showed superior improvement in headache frequency, QoL and disability, headache impact, loss of productive time, medication intake, and in total, indirect and direct healthcare costs.

Conclusions
A mindfulness-based treatment composed of six-week session and 7–10 min daily self-practice added on to TaU is superior to TaU alone for the treatment of patients with CM and MOH.

Trial registration
MIND-CM was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03671681) on14/09/2018.
MRI measurement of the effects of moderate and deep neuromuscular blockade on the abdominal working space during laparoscopic surgery, a clinical study
Authors: Krijtenburg Piet , Bruintjes Moira H. D. , Fütterer Jurgen J. , van de Steeg Gert , d’Ancona Frank , Scheffer Gert Jan , Keijzer Christiaan , Warlé Michiel C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Conflicting data exist regarding the effects of deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) on abdominal dimensions during laparoscopic procedures.
We performed a clinical study to establish the influence of moderate and deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) on the abdominal working space, measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy with standard pressure (12 mmHg) pneumoperitoneum under sevoflurane anaesthesia.

Methods
Ten patients were intraoperatively scanned three times in the lateral decubitus position, with pneumoperitoneum maintained by a mobile insufflator. The first scan without NMB (T1) was followed by scans with moderate (T2) and deep NMB (T3). The skin-sacral promontory (S-SP) distance was measured, and 3D pneumoperitoneum volumes were reconstructed.

Results
The mean difference in the S-SP distance was -0.32 cm between T2 and T3 (95% CI -1.06 - 0.42 cm; p = 0.344) and + 2.1 cm between T1 and T2 (95% CI 0.81 - 3.39 cm; p = 0.006). The mean differences in pneumoperitoneum volume were 166 mL between T2 and T3 (95% CI, 5 - 327 mL; p = 0.044) and 108 mL between T1 and T2 (95% CI, -273 - 488 mL; p = 0.525). The pneumoperitoneum volume showed high inter-individual variability and no increase in three patients with a high volume at T1.

Conclusions
During laparoscopic surgery in the lateral decubitus position with standard pressure under sevoflurane anaesthesia, deep NMB did not increase the S-SP distance compared to moderate NMB. Moderate NMB increased the S-SP distance by a mean of 2.1 cm (15.2%) compared with no NMB. The mean pneumoperitoneum volume increased slightly from moderate to deep NMB, with high inter-individual variability.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03287388.
Characteristics of international primary care practices and physicians related to advance care planning: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Nowels Molly A. , Nowels David , Sheffler Julia , Lum Hillary D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary care providers (PCPs) are well-situated to delivery primary palliative care such as advance care planning (ACP). The aim of this work is to identify practice characteristics, including features found in advanced primary care models (APCMs), that predict PCP engagement of patients in ACP.

Methods
We analyzed characteristics of physician respondents and their practices associated with ACP conversations in older and sicker patients using data from 11 countries who participated in the 2015 Commonwealth Fund International Survey of Primary Care Physicians in 10 Nations. The primary outcome was how routinely these ACP conversations are reported. We used a validated measure to describe practice-level characteristics of advanced primary care models. We conducted bivariate and multivariable analyses to determine PCP and practice characteristics associated with routinely engaging patients in ACP and with documenting patient preferences in medical records.

Results
Respondents (N = 12,049) predominantly were older than 45 and did not view their jobs as high stress. PCPs reported routinely engaging patients in ACP work in practices with more APCM features. They are more likely to view their jobs as high stress, to work more hours, to practice in rural areas, and to work in smaller practices. Multivariable analyses showed that older PCP age, higher perceived stress of the job, practice location in rural areas, and increased number of APCM features were associated with more ACP conversations. Increased number of APCM features was also associated with higher odds of routinely recording patient preferences in their medical records.

Conclusions
In this international survey, physician and practice characteristics, including having features associated with APCMs, were associated with whether physicians routinely discuss ACP with patients who are older and sicker. Many features of APCMs may facilitate ACP discussions between PCPs and patients.
The association between hypertensive disorders during pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes: a retrospective claims analysis
Authors: Bromfield Samantha G. , Ma Qinli , DeVries Andrea , Inglis Tiffany , Gordon Aliza S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy continue to increase in prevalence and are associated with several adverse outcomes and future cardiovascular risk for mothers. This study evaluated the association of hypertensive disorders compared to no hypertension during pregnancy with neonatal and maternal outcomes. We then evaluated risk factors associated with progression from a less to more severe hypertensive disorder during pregnancy.

Methods
We conducted a propensity-matched retrospective cohort study utilizing Medicaid claims data from a national insurer. The study population consisted of mothers with and without hypertensive disorders who delivered between 7/1/2016–12/31/2018 and their infants. Hypertensive disorders included gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia. Propensity score matching was used to match mothers without to those with hypertensive disorders. Regression models were used to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes. Stepwise logistic regression was used to determine characteristics associated with the progression of gestational hypertension to preeclampsia or chronic hypertension to superimposed preeclampsia.

Results
We observed the highest risk of cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR]:1.61 and 1.99) in mothers and preterm delivery (OR:2.22 and 5.37), respiratory distress syndrome (OR:2.39 and 4.19), and low birthweight (OR:3.64 and 9.61) in babies born to mothers with preeclampsia or superimposed preeclampsia compared to no hypertension, respectively (p < 0.05 for all outcomes). These outcomes were slightly higher among chronic or gestational hypertension compared to no hypertension, however, most were not statistically significant. Risk of neonatal intensive care unit utilization was higher among more severe hypertensive disorders (OR:2.41 for preeclampsia, OR:4.87 for superimposed preeclampsia). Obesity/overweight and having a history of preeclampsia during a prior pregnancy were most likely to predict progression from gestational/chronic hypertension to preeclampsia/superimposed preeclampsia.

Conclusion
Mothers and neonates born to mothers with preeclampsia or superimposed preeclampsia experienced more adverse outcomes compared to those without hypertension. Mothers and neonates born to mothers with gestational hypertension had outcomes similar to those without hypertension. Outcomes for those with chronic hypertension fell in between gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Obesity/overweight and having a history of preeclampsia during a prior pregnancy were strong risk factors for hypertension progression.
Grease-gun injury of the orbit: two cases report and literature review
Authors: Shen Wei , Yang Yang , Su Yunshan , Hu Zhulin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The grease-guns injury is an uncommon injury to the orbit. We present the twelfth and thirteenth cases of grease-gun injury to the orbit to be reported in the English language literature since 1964. Here we discus and review the presentation, investigation, and treatment of this unusual trauma.

Case presentation
Case 1 was a 29-year-old man who presented 1 day after a grease-gun injury of the left orbit with severe pain, marked periorbital swelling, and proptosis. Computed tomography (CT) revealed penetration of grease into his left orbit. Following surgical removal, proptosis decreased. The limitation of extraocular movement and loss of visual acuity to finger count was discovered after the initial surgery. Motility gradually returned. Visual acuity recovered after phacoemulsification, capsular tension ring and intraocular lens implantation for traumatic cataract and subluxation. Case 2 was a 6-year-old boy who was referred 2 months after a grease-gun injury for worsening swelling with sinus, necrosis and slight ptosis of the upper left eyelids. This is a case of orbital chronic inflammation from grease-gun injuries masquerading as orbital cellulitis. The imaging findings of CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are not typical. Surgical exploration and debridement was inevitable and actually relieved the symptoms.

Conclusions
Grease-gun injuries can damage the orbit in different degrees. Careful history inquiry and taking is important to establish the diagnosis. Imaging examinations using CT or MRI are helpful to determine depth of trauma and foreign bodies in the orbit at diagnosis. We suggest that surgical exploration and debridement is a key step in the management.
The relationship between screen time and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Chinese preschool children under the multichild policy: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zhou Yu , Jiang Xinye , Wang Ran , Guo Bingbing , Cai Jingfen , Gu Yujing , Pei Jingjing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Long screen time has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored. The association between screen time and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschool children has received widespread attention.

Methods
A questionnaire was used to survey 2452 people. ADHD symptoms were assessed by the Conners Child Behavior Scale. Considering that the ADHD symptoms of boys and girls might be different, we stratified the data by gender. Logistic regression model was used for regression analysis. To exclude the influence of multichild family and obesity level, we also conducted a sensitivity analysis. P values were two-tailed with a significance level at 0.05.

Results
The results showed that the association between screen time and ADHD symptoms in preschool children was significant (OR = 1.826, 95%CI: 1.032, 3.232). After grouping the genders, the correlation was not significant. There was an association between screen time and ADHD symptoms in children from families with multiple children. However, after excluding overweight and obese children from the overall population, the association between screen time and ADHD symptoms did not have statistical significance.

Conclusions
The issue of screen time for preschoolers needs to be taken seriously. Although the results indicate a significant correlation between screen time and ADHD symptoms, clearer evidence is needed to provide recommendations to policy makers.