bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left side perforated appendicitis with intestinal non-rotation: a case report
Authors: Assefa Mezgebu Alemneh , Molla Yohannis Derbew , Yasin Mensur Osman , Ali Oumer Ahmed , Desita Zerubabel Tegegne 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain, requiring emergency surgery. Symptoms and signs of acute appendicitis usually occur in the right lower quadrant. However, approximately one-third of cases have pain unexcepted location due to its various anatomical locations. Acute appendicitis is a very rare cause of left lower quadrant pain; if it occurs, situs inversus (SI) and midgut malrotation (MM) are uncommon anatomic anomalies that complicate its diagnosis and management.

Clinical presentation
Here we present a 23-year-old Ethiopian male patient who presented with epigastric and left paraumbilical abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting of a day duration. On examination at admission, the patient had left lower quadrant tenderness. Later, with the help of imaging studies, the patient was diagnosed with left-side acute perforated appendicitis with intestinal nonrotation, and he was operated on and discharged improved after 6 days of hospital stay.

Conclusion
Physicians should be aware that acute appendicitis in patients with intestinal mal-rotation may be present with left-side abdominal pain. Although it is extremely rare, acute appendicitis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of left-side abdominal pain. An increase in awareness of this anatomical variant is essential for physicians.
Relapsed nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as severe paraneoplastic hepatitis: a case report
Authors: Deacon Anthony J. , Goetz Naeman N. , Weber Nicholas , Clouston Andrew , Gonsalkorala Enoka , Baskerville Catherine , Leggett Barbara 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Hematological malignancies are an infrequent but important cause of liver dysfunction. There are several mechanisms by which this can occur, including direct malignant infiltration of the hepatic parenchyma and/or vasculature, vanishing bile duct syndrome, and paraneoplastic hepatitis. Paraneoplastic hepatitis is an extremely rare mechanism by which a hematological malignancy can cause liver dysfunction, and we present the first case, to our knowledge, of paraneoplastic hepatitis caused by nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma in the literature.

Case presentation
A 28-year-old Caucasian male presented with 3 weeks of fatigue, epigastric pain, and jaundice. His medical history was significant for early stage nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma in the cervical region in remission for 5 years after primary treatment with involved-field radiotherapy. Liver biochemistry was normal at the time of treatment for lymphoma and there was no known liver disease before the current presentation. On physical examination, there was scleral icterus and ecchymoses, but no evidence of hepatic encephalopathy, other stigmata of chronic liver disease, or lymphadenopathy. A computed tomography scan of his neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis showed heterogeneous enhancement of the liver, multiple enlarged upper abdominal lymph nodes, and an enlarged spleen with multiple rounded lesions. Portal and hepatic veins were patent. Initial workup for viral, autoimmune-, toxin-, and medication-related hepatitis was negative. A transjugular liver biopsy was performed with histology showing a predominantly T-cell mediated hepatitis with very extensive multiacinar hepatic necrosis, but no evidence of lymphoma within the liver. Retroperitoneal lymph node biopsy revealed nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. The patient’s symptoms, bilirubin, and transaminases improved significantly after treatment with oral prednisolone and a staged introduction of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy.

Conclusions
Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma may cause paraneoplastic hepatitis. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of this life-threatening presentation and the importance of early liver biopsy and treatment before acute liver failure occurs. Interestingly, paraneoplastic hepatitis did not occur when nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma was first diagnosed and confined to the cervical region, but was the presenting feature of the recurrence below the diaphragm.
Side-scan sonar underwater target segmentation using the BHP-UNet
Authors: Tang Yulin , Wang Liming , Li Houpu , Bian Shaofeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough target detection algorithms based on deep learning have achieved good results in the detection of side-scan sonar underwater targets, their false and missed detection rates are high for multiple densely arranged and overlapping underwater targets. To address this problem, a side-scan sonar underwater target segmentation model based on the blended hybrid dilated convolution and pyramid split attention UNet (BHP-UNet) algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, the blended hybrid dilated convolution module is adopted to improve the ability of the model to learn deep semantics and shallow features while improving the receptive field. Second, the pyramid split attention module is introduced to establish a long-term dependency between global and local information while processing multi-scale spatial features. Three sets of experimental results show that the BHP-UNet model proposed in this paper has better segmentation performance than the conventional fully convolutional network, UNet, and DeepLabv3+ models, and it is able to segment dense and overlapping targets to a certain extent. The proposed model will have significance as a guide for practical applications.
Rates and associations of relapse over 5 years of 2649 people with bipolar disorder: a retrospective UK cohort study
Authors: Hett Danielle , Morales-Muñoz Isabel , Durdurak Buse Beril , Carlish Max , Marwaha Steven 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence regarding the rate of relapse in people with bipolar disorder (BD), particularly from the UK, is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the rate and associations of clinician-defined relapse over 5 years in a large sample of BD patients receiving routine care from a UK mental health service.

Method
We utilised de-identified electronic health records to sample people with BD at baseline. Relapse was defined as either hospitalisation, or a referral to acute mental health crisis services, between June 2014 and June 2019. We calculated the 5-year rate of relapse and examined the sociodemographic and clinical factors that were independently associated with relapse status and the number of relapses, over the 5-year period.

Results
Of 2649 patients diagnosed with BD and receiving care from secondary mental health services, 25.5% (n = 676) experienced at least one relapse over 5 years. Of the 676 people who relapsed, 60.9% experienced one relapse, with the remainder experiencing multiple relapses. 7.2% of the baseline sample had died during the 5-year follow-up. Significant factors associated with experiencing any relapse, after adjustment for relevant covariates, were history of self-harm/suicidality (OR 2.17, CI 1.15–4.10, p = 0.02), comorbidity (OR 2.59, CI 1.35–4.97, p = 0.004) and psychotic symptoms (OR 3.66, CI  1.89–7.08, p < 0.001). Factors associated with the number of relapses over 5 years, after adjustment for covariates, were self-harm/suicidality (β = 0.69, CI 0.21–1.17, p = 0.005), history of trauma (β = 0.51, CI = 0.07–0.95, p = 0.03), psychotic symptoms (β = 1.05, CI 0.55–1.56, p < 0.001), comorbidity (β = 0.52, CI 0.07–1.03, p = 0.047) and ethnicity (β = − 0.44, CI − 0.87 to − 0.003, p = 0.048).

Conclusions
Around 1 in 4 people with BD in a large sample of people with BD receiving secondary mental health services in the UK relapsed over a 5-year period. Interventions targeting the impacts of trauma, suicidality, presence of psychotic symptoms and comorbidity could help to prevent relapse in people with BD and should be considered in relapse prevention plans.
More anterior placement of femoral tunnel position in ACL‐R is associated with postoperative meniscus tears
Authors: Hughes Jonathan D. , Gabrielli Alexandra S. , Dalton Jonathan F. , Raines Benjamin T. , Dewald Daniel , Musahl Volker , Lesniak Bryson P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tunnel position in ACL reconstruction (ACL‐R) and postoperative meniscus tears.MethodsThis was a single institution, case–control study of 170 patients status‐post ACL‐R (2010–2019) separated into two matched groups (sex, age, BMI, graft type). Group 1—symptomatic, operative meniscus tears (both de novo and recurrent) after ACL‐R. Group 2—no postoperative meniscus tears. Femoral and tibial tunnel positions were measured by 2 authors via lateral knee radiographs that were used to measure two ratios (a/t and b/h). Ratio a/t was defined as distance from the tunnel center to dorsal most subchondral contour of the lateral femoral condyle (a) divided by total sagittal diameter of the lateral condyle along Blumensaat’s line (t). The ratio b/h was defined as distance between the tunnel and Blumensaat’s line (b) divided by maximum intercondylar notch height (h). Wilcoxon sign‐ranks paired test was used to compare measurements between groups (alpha set at p < 0.05).ResultsGroup 1 had average follow up of 45 months and Group 2 had average follow up of 22 months. There were no significant demographic differences between Groups 1 and 2. Group 1—a/t was 32.0% (± 10.2), which was significantly more anterior than group 2, 29.3% (± 7.3; p < 0.05). There was no difference in average femoral tunnel ratio b/h or tibial tunnel placement between groups.ConclusionsA relationship exists between more anterior/less anatomic femoral tunnel position and the presence of recurrent or de novo, operative meniscus tears after ACL‐R. Surgeons performing ACL‐R should strive for recreation of native anatomy via proper tunnel placement to maximize postoperative outcomes.Level of evidenceLevel III.
Electroacupuncture protective effects after cerebral ischemia are mediated through miR-219a inhibition
Authors: Dai Yaling , Wang Sinuo , Yang Minguang , Zhuo Peiyuan , Ding Yanyi , Li Xiaoling , Cao Yajun , Guo Xiaoqin , Lin Huawei , Tao Jing , Chen Lidian , Liu Weilin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Electroacupuncture (EA) is a complementary and alternative therapy which has shown protective effects on vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). However, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood.

Methods
Rat models of VCI were established with cerebral ischemia using occlusion of the middle cerebral artery or bilateral common carotid artery. The brain structure and function imaging were measured through animal MRI. miRNA expression was detected by chip and qPCR. Synaptic functional plasticity was detected using electrophysiological techniques.

Results
This study demonstrated the enhancement of Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) activity of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the entorhinal cortical (EC) and hippocampus (HIP) in response to EA treatment. miR-219a was selected and confirmed to be elevated in HIP and EC in VCI but decreased after EA. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor1 (NMDAR1) was identified as the target gene of miR-219a. miR-219a regulated NMDAR-mediated autaptic currents, spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC), and long-term potentiation (LTP) of the EC-HIP CA1 circuit influencing synaptic plasticity. EA was able to inhibit miR-219a, enhancing synaptic plasticity of the EC-HIP CA1 circuit and increasing expression of NMDAR1 while promoting the phosphorylation of downstream calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), improving overall learning and memory in VCI rat models.

Conclusion
Inhibition of miR-219a ameliorates VCI by regulating NMDAR-mediated synaptic plasticity in animal models of cerebral ischemia.
Comparison of the conventional and immersing powdered crude drugs (IPCD) methods for color and extraction of quantitative indicator ingredients in the Kampo formula decoction of daiokanzoto
Authors: Naruhashi Kazumasa , Amaike Natsumi , Shiraishi Karen , Sato Sumire , Uryuzu Chiho , Saito Yui , Tsue Narumi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aim
The immersing powdered crude drugs (IPCD) method is a quick and simple method for preparing decoctions. Here, the conventional and IPCD methods were compared for the color and extraction of quantitative indicator ingredients in the daiokanzoto decoction solution, and the suitability of the IPCD method was assessed.

Methods
The color of decoction solutions was visually observed, and the Commission Internationale de L’éclairage (CIE) L*a*b*color parameters were measured using conventional and IPCD methods. The extracted amounts of sennoside A and glycyrrhizic acid, which are quantitative indicator ingredients of rhubarb and glycyrrhiza, respectively, were quantified.

Results
Using both methods, the decoction solution colors were strong for rhubarb alone and daiokanzoto but weak for glycyrrhiza alone. The color change of daiokanzoto was thought to be primarily caused by rhubarb alone. The L*a*b* values of the decoction solution determined by the IPCD method were comparable to those determined by the conventional method (60 min). Using the conventional method, sennoside A and glycyrrhizic acid were mostly extracted in 10 and 30 min, respectively. Using the IPCD method, both sennoside A and glycyrrhizic acid were fully extracted in 2 min. The IPCD method yielded significantly more sennoside A and glycyrrhizic acid (2 times and 1.5 times, respectively) than the conventional method (60 min).

Conclusion
The IPCD method was found to be comparable to the conventional method in terms of the color, and using IPCD method, the same or greater amounts of quantitative indicator ingredients of crude drugs in the decoction of daiokanzoto compared to the conventional method. It was suggested that there are limitations to assessing the equivalence of decoctions from decoction color. The IPCD method may be a useful method although it is prudent to use the IPCD method for Kampo formula decoction in clinical practice with a certain degree of caution.
Denosumab-associated jaw bone necrosis in cancer patients: retrospective descriptive case series study
Authors: Kang Ji-Yeon , Kim Sang-Yup , Lim Jae-Seok , Kim Jwa-Young , Jin Ga-Youn , Lee Yeon-Jung , Lee Eun-Young 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Denosumab (DMB) is a bone antiresorptive agent used to treat osteoporosis or metastatic cancer of the bones. However, denosumab-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (DRONJ) has become a common complication in cancer patients. The prevalence of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in cancer patients is estimated to be similar for both bisphosphonate-related cases (1.1 to 1.4%) and denosumab-related cases (0.8 to 2%), with the addition of adjunctive therapy with anti-angiogenic agents reportedly increasing its prevalence to 3%. (Spec Care Dentist 36(4):231–236, 2016). The aim of this study is to report on DRONJ in cancer patients treated with DMB (Xgeva®, 120mg).

Case presentation
In this study, we identified four cases of ONJ among 74 patients receiving DMB therapy for metastatic cancer. Of the four patients, three had prostate cancer and one had breast cancer. Preceding tooth extraction within 2 months of the last DMB injection was found to be a risk factor for DRONJ. Pathological examination revealed that three patients had acute and chronic inflammation, including actinomycosis colonies. Among the four patients with DRONJ referred to us, three were successfully treated without complications and had no recurrence following surgical treatment, while one did not follow up. After healing, one patient experienced a recurrence at a different site. Sequestrectomy in conjunction with antibiotic therapy and cessation of DMB use proved to be effective in managing the condition, and the ONJ site healed after an average 5-month follow-up period.

Conclusion
Conservative surgery, along with antibiotic therapy and discontinuation of DMB, was found to be effective in managing the condition. Additional studies are needed to investigate the contribution of steroids and anticancer drugs to jaw bone necrosis, the prevalence of multicenter cases, and whether there is any drug interaction with DMB.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: novel treatment approach breakthroughs
Authors: Maddiboyina Balaji , Roy Harekrishna , Ramaiah M. , Sarvesh C. N. , Kosuru Sahasra Hanuman , Nakkala Ramya Krishna , Nayak Bhabani Shankar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common bacterial infection that is a significant source of illness and mortality globally. The advancements in antibiotic therapies continue to be the critical aspects of treating bacterial infections, and their usage has lowered patient mortality and raised life expectancy.

Main body of the abstract
The ideal treatments for MRSA remain challenging, and the quest for new antibiotic targets and advanced drug delivery systems with safety profiles is necessary to ensure treating MRSA infections adequately in the future.

Short conclusion
This article primarily focuses on different therapeutic medications and their modes of action for general microbial infections and goes through the latest developments in novel drug delivery technologies, such as hydrogels, lipid particles, nanocarriers, and polymers for MRSA treatment.

Graphical Abstract
Medical and obstetric comorbidities and delivery outcomes in overweight and obese parturients: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Gat Roi , Hadar Eran , Orbach-Zinger Sharon , Einav Sharon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Research on obesity in women of reproductive age is heterogeneous in gestational age and body mass index (BMI) classification and focused mostly on pregnancy-related rather than medical comorbidities. We studied the prevalences of pre-pregnancy BMI, chronic maternal and obstetric comorbidities, and delivery outcomes.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of real-time data collected during deliveries in a single tertiary medical center. Pre-pregnancy BMI was classified into seven groups (kg/m2): underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal weight 1 (18.5 ≤ BMI < 22.5), normal weight 2 (22.5 ≤ BMI < 25.0), overweight 1 (25.0 ≤ BMI < 27.5), overweight 2 (27.5 ≤ BMI < 30.0), obese (30.0 ≤ BMI < 35.0), and morbidly obese (BMI ≥ 35.0). Data were collected on maternal demographics, chronic medical and obstetric comorbidities, and delivery outcomes.

Results
Included were 13,726 women aged 18–50 years, with a gestational age of 240/7–416/7 weeks. Pre-pregnancy weights were 61.4% normal, 19.8% overweight, 7.6% obese, and 3.3% morbidly obese. Smoking was more prevalent among morbidly obese than among normal weight women. Obese and morbidly obese women were older and had more diabetes mellitus, hypertension, preeclampsia/eclampsia, and prior cesarean deliveries than normal weight parturients. Obese and morbidly obese women were also less likely to have a non-spontaneous conception, enter labor spontaneously (observed in the full study population and in a subgroup of term parturients), and were more likely to undergo cesarean rather than vaginal delivery. Subgroup analysis of primiparous women yielded similar results.

Conclusions
We identified a potential association between pre-pregnancy obesity and morbid obesity and higher rates of obstetric comorbidities, less natural conception and spontaneous labor, and more cesarean deliveries and adverse delivery outcomes. It remains to be seen if these findings remain after adjustment and whether they are related to obesity, treatment, or both.
TMEM132A regulates mouse hindgut morphogenesis and caudal development
Authors: Zeng Huiqing , Liu Aimin 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Caudal developmental defects, including caudal regression, caudal dysgenesis and sirenomelia, are devastating conditions affecting the skeletal, nervous, digestive, reproductive and excretory systems. Defects in mesodermal migration and blood supply to the caudal region have been identified as possible causes of caudal developmental defects, but neither satisfactorily explains the structural malformations in all three germ layers. Here, we describe caudal developmental defects in transmembrane protein 132a (Tmem132a) mutant mice, including skeletal, posterior neural tube closure, genitourinary tract and hindgut defects. We show that, in Tmem132a mutant embryos, visceral endoderm fails to be excluded from the medial region of early hindgut, leading directly to the loss or malformation of cloaca-derived genitourinary and gastrointestinal structures, and indirectly to the neural tube and kidney/ureter defects. We find that TMEM132A mediates intercellular interaction, and physically interacts with planar cell polarity (PCP) regulators CELSR1 and FZD6. Genetically, Tmem132a regulates neural tube closure synergistically with another PCP regulator Vangl2. In summary, we have identified Tmem132a as a new regulator of PCP, and hindgut malformation as the underlying cause of developmental defects in multiple caudal structures.
Delayed abscission in animal cells – from development to defects
Authors: Kodba Snježana , Chaigne Agathe 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Cell division involves separating the genetic material and cytoplasm of a mother cell into two daughter cells. The last step of cell division, abscission, consists of cutting the cytoplasmic bridge, a microtubule-rich membranous tube connecting the two cells, which contains the midbody, a dense proteinaceous structure. Canonically, abscission occurs 1–3 h after anaphase. However, in certain cases, abscission can be severely delayed or incomplete. Abscission delays can be caused by mitotic defects that activate the abscission ‘NoCut’ checkpoint in tumor cells, as well as when cells exert abnormally strong pulling forces on the bridge. Delayed abscission can also occur during normal organism development. Here, we compare the mechanisms triggering delayed and incomplete abscission in healthy and disease scenarios. We propose that NoCut is not a bona fide cell cycle checkpoint, but a general mechanism that can control the dynamics of abscission in multiple contexts.
Income inequality and economic growth: the reexamination of the existence of Kuznets curve: evidence from CEE countries
Authors: Kuźmar Sławomir 
Published: June 2023

Motivation: In the last years, a lot of attention has been paid to economic inequality — a phenomenon that may lead to what some commentators predict as the end of capitalism. At the same time some economists believe that the economic inequalities are natural and excessive inequalities can be reduced through the process of economic growth. The natural starting point in the discussion concerning the relation between inequality and economic growth is the theory proposed by Simon Kuznets, according to which inequality rises in the early phases of economic development but falls eventually as the growth advances, taking the shape of the inverse-U shaped pattern. The empirical validity of the so-called “Kuznets curve” has been intensively investigated, but the evidence is ambiguous. In this context re-examining Kuznets theory in CEE countries is interesting especially because of the observed rapid economic growth as a result of structural transformation in these countries.Aim: The aim of the study is an attempt to investigate the nature of relation between economic growth and income inequality levels in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries in years 2004–2020 and verify if the analysed relation is taking an inverse-U shape as indicated by the Kuznets curve.Results: The results of conducted analysis indicate that the evidence for an inverted-U shaped relation between inequality levels and economic growth in CEE countries is much less robust than what is implied by Kuznets curve theory.