bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers predictive of atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. Insights from the Nordic Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke (NOR‐FIB) study
Authors: Tancin Lambert Anna , Ratajczak‐Tretel Barbara , Al‐Ani Riadh , Arntzen Kathrine , Bakkejord Grete Kristin , Bekkeseth Hanna Marie Otterholt , Bjerkeli Vigdis , Eldøen Guttorm , Gulsvik Anne Kristine , Halvorsen Bente , Høie Gudrun Anette , Ihle‐Hansen Hege , Ihle‐Hansen Håkon , Ingebrigtsen Susanne , Johansen Henriette , Kremer Christine , Krogseth Siv Bohne , Kruuse Christina , Kurz Martin , Nakstad Ingvild , Novotny Vojtech , Næss Halvor , Qazi Rehman , Rezai Mehdi Kallaj , Rørholt Dag Marius , Steffensen Linn Hofsøy , Sømark Jesper , Tobro Håkon , Truelsen Thomas Clement , Wassvik Lejla , Ægidius Karen Lehrmann , Pesonen Maiju , de Melis Mirko , Atar Dan , Aamodt Anne Hege ,   NOR‐FIB Study Group
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThere are currently no biomarkers to select cryptogenic stroke (CS) patients for monitoring with insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs), the most effective tool for diagnosing atrial fibrillation (AF) in CS. The purpose of this study was to assess clinically available biomarkers as predictors of AF.MethodsEligible CS and cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack patients underwent 12‐month monitoring with ICMs, clinical follow‐up and biomarker sampling. Levels of cardiac and thromboembolic biomarkers, taken within 14 days from symptom onset, were compared between patients diagnosed with AF (n = 74) during monitoring and those without AF (n = 185). Receiver operating characteristic curves were created. Biomarkers reaching area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ≥ 0.7 were dichotomized by finding optimal cut‐off values and were used in logistic regression establishing their predictive value for increased risk of AF in unadjusted and adjusted models.ResultsB‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), creatine kinase, D‐dimer and high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I and T were significantly higher in the AF than non‐AF group. BNP and NT‐proBNP reached the predefined area under the curve level, 0.755 and 0.725 respectively. Optimal cut‐off values were 33.5 ng/l for BNP and 87 ng/l for NT‐proBNP. Regression analysis showed that NT‐proBNP was a predictor of AF in both unadjusted (odds ratio 7.72, 95% confidence interval 3.16–18.87) and age‐ and sex‐adjusted models (odds ratio 4.82, 95% confidence interval 1.79–12.96).ConclusionSeveral clinically established biomarkers were associated with AF. NT‐proBNP performed best as AF predictor and could be used for selecting patients for long‐term monitoring with ICMs.
An overview of factors affecting high‐cycle fatigue of additive manufacturing metals
Authors: Karakaş Özler , Kardeş Feride Buket , Foti Pietro , Berto Filippo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecently, additive manufacturing technologies have become very important in the industry as they increase the freedom of design and provide the opportunity to realize very complex shapes in one step. Since the use of additive manufacturing has increased in addition to conventional manufacturing methods, the fatigue behavior of engineering materials such as AlSi10Mg, 316L, Ti6Al4V, and Ti64 produced by different additive manufacturing methods is reviewed. In this article, a detailed literature review is presented by evaluating recent studies on the high‐cycle and very high‐cycle fatigue behavior of engineering components produced with additive manufacturing technologies. In addition to the positive properties of additive manufacturing metals, fatigue performance is adversely affected due to negative properties such as high porosity, poor surface quality, and tensile residual stresses. In this article, factors affecting fatigue strength and postproduction processes required for the production of fatigue‐resistant additive manufacturing parts are explained.
Investor attention and the use of leverage
Authors: Davydov Denis , Peltomäki Jarkko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe investigate the effects of using different sources of investment leverage, that is, securities with embedded leverage and traditional margin accounts, on the portfolio performance of retail investors, recognizing that these effects may be conditional on investor attention. We find that investors who trade on margin underperform those who do not have margin accounts; we also find that investors trading securities with embedded leverage show even poorer performance than investors trading on margin. The negative effect of leverage usage, however, decreases with greater investor attention, measured by portfolio monitoring frequency. Results suggest that more attentive investors gain more from using investment leverage.
Global historical trends and drivers of submerged aquatic vegetation quantities in lakes
Authors: Botrel Morgan , Maranger Roxane 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSubmerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in lake littoral zones is an inland water wetland type that provides numerous essential ecosystem services, such as supplying food and habitat for fauna, regulating nutrient fluxes, stabilizing sediments, and maintaining a clear water state. However, little is known on how inland SAV quantities are changing globally in response to human activities, where loss threatens the provisioning of these ecosystem services. In this study, we generate a comprehensive global synthesis of trends in SAV quantities using time series (>10 years) in lakes and identify their main drivers. We compiled trends across methods and metrics, integrating both observational and paleolimnological approaches as well as diverse measures of SAV quantities, including areal extent, density, or abundance classes. The compilation revealed that knowledge on SAV is mostly derived from temperate regions, with major gaps in tropical, boreal, and mountainous lake‐rich regions. Similar to other wetland types, we found that 41% of SAV times series are largely decreasing mostly due to land use change and resulting eutrophication. SAV is, however, increasing in 28% of cases, primarily since the 1980s. We show that trends and drivers of SAV quantities vary regionally, with increases in Europe explained mainly by management, decreases in Asia due to eutrophication and land use change, and variable trends in North America consistent with invasive species arrival. By providing a quantitative portrait of trends in SAV quantities worldwide, we identify knowledge gaps and future SAV research priorities. By considering the drivers of different trends, we also offer insight to future lake management related to climate, positive restoration actions, and change in community structure on SAV quantities.
Value of new advanced hematological parameters in early prediction of severity of COVID‐19
Authors: Jha Bhawna , Goel Shalini , Singh Manish K. , Sethi Monisha , Deswal Vikas , Kataria Sushila , Mehta Yatin , Saxena Renu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionCOVID‐19 usually presents with upper respiratory tract infection in varying severity which can lead to sepsis. Early prediction of sepsis may reduce mortality by timely interventions. The intended purpose of this study was to determine whether the advanced parameters like the extended inflammation parameters (EIPs) can predict prognosis and early progression to sepsis as a sequel of COVID‐19 infection and can be used as a screening profile. Also, to evaluate the Intensive Care Infection Score (ICIS) and the COVID‐19 prognostic score and validate the scores for our population.MethodsProspective observational study of 50 reverse transcription‐ polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) proven admitted COVID‐19 patients. The data assessed included complete blood counts (CBC) with EIP measurements, from Day 1 of admission to Day 10. The following groups were studied: noncritical (NC) and critical illness (CI) in COVID‐19 positive cases, COVID negative sepsis and nonsepsis cases, and healthy volunteers for reference range.ResultsThe parameters that showed statistically significant higher mean in CI group compared to the NC group are reactive lymphocyte number and percentage (RE‐LYMPH#, RE‐LYMPH%), antibody synthesizing lymphocyte number and percentage (AS‐LYMPH#, AS‐LYMPH%), Reactive monocyte count and percentage (RE‐MONO#, RE‐MONO%/M), ICIS, COVID‐19 prognostic score (p‐value <0.05). The AUC confirmed the diagnostic accuracy of all these parameters. From the multivariate logistic regression, the significant risk factor was RE‐LYMPH# with cut‐off >0.10 (p value: 0.011).ConclusionThe new EIP parameters, RE‐MONO#, RE‐MONO%/M, ICIS score and COVID‐19 prognostic score are useful for early prediction of critical illness. AS‐LYMPH is the most useful predictor of critical illness on multivariate analysis. RE‐MONO# and RE‐MONO%/M parameter are useful in distinguishing critical and noncritical non‐COVID and COVID‐19 patients.
Firm‐level political risk and implied cost of equity capital
Authors: Mishra Dev R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractI find a strong positive association between firms' implied cost of equity capital and firm‐level political risk. This effect is above and beyond the firm‐level cost of equity implications of economywide political risk. Firm‐level political risk contributes to elevating stock illiquidity, increases dispersion of analyst forecasts and dampens analyst coverage and these attributes, in turn, have positive cost of equity capital implications. Overall, the findings of this study suggest firm‐level political risk has a non‐trivial effect on increasing equity market illiquidity, increasing dispersion of earnings forecasts and decreasing analyst coverage thus increasing financing costs.
Calcium‐activated geopolymer ceramics: Study of powder calcination and amorphous gel phases
Authors: Huang Muyang , Bao Shenxu , Zhang Yimin , Luo Yongpeng , Xu Xianqing , Yang Siyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBurnt coal cinder (BCC), the main solid waste in coal and electric power industries was used to prepare the geopolymer ceramics (GC) in this study. The optimum preparation technology of BCC‐based GC and the effects of calcination and calcification on the compressive strength of BCC‐based GC were studied. Through the calcification of BCC with CaO, NaAlO2 and sodium silicate solution (SS) were separately used as the co‐activator and silica additive to prepare BCC‐based GC. The optimal single‐factor conditions determined by the experiment were BCC:CaO:NaAlO2:SS = 18:3:2:4 (g:g:g:mL) and the liquid–solid ratio was 0.46. The compressive strength of BCC‐based GC was 32.78 MPa (28 days). It was obtained that the calcination of calcified BCC below the temperature of 1000°C can effectively remove the fixed carbon in BCC but will destroy amorphous active aluminosilicate. The microstructure study showed that BCC reacted in the ternary system of Ca–Al–Si to form a variety of amorphous products (C–(A)–S–H and (N, C) –A–S–H). Along with the three‐dimensional amorphous gel structure as the dominant phase, the coexistence and interlacing of various amorphous gels made the microstructure more compact and increased the compressive strength of the BCC‐based GC. GCs with various amorphous phases have been successfully prepared at low temperature, and it also provided a new idea for the utilization of low‐activity silicate solid wastes.
Nurses are background actors in medical reality television: A character network analysis and call for authentic action
Authors: Hayward Brent A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to describe how nurses' dialogue compares with that of doctors in the Australian reality television programEmergencyand to explain how this dialogue and the use of narration and direct‐to‐camera monologues contribute to the portrayal of nurses. The final aim was to outline how these findings can inform the actions of nurses, nursing organizations and writers and journalists.DesignA descriptive study conducted in 2021 and 2022.MethodsCharacter network analysis was used to describe the verbal interaction of nurses and doctors and identify major, minor and background characters. Narration and direct‐to‐camera monologues were analysed through frequency counts. Cultivation theory was used to interpret the results.ResultsFifty‐four characters were identified, with 19 of these being nurses. Doctors spoke 87.9% of the dialogue. Most of the dialogue (43%) was monologue by doctors directly to the camera. All major characters were doctors, and only one nurse was a minor character. The mean number of mentions by the narrator of a nurse per episode was 4, and 30 for a doctor.ConclusionThe portrayal of nurses inEmergencyis inaccurate and the production methods are used to privilege the role of doctors. This finding comes after decades of research showing inaccurate images of nursing in television. Drawing on recent Australian inquiries and the challenges experienced by mental health and aged care nursing, several approaches for collaborative action to improve these images are suggested.ImpactThis is the first study of the portrayal of nursing in reality television. These results suggest that much effort is still required even in contemporary reality television to accurately reflect the work and contribution of nurses. It is the shared responsibility of individual nurses, nursing organizations and writers and journalists to accurately portray nurses in the media.No patient or public contributionThis network analysis of a postproduction television program did not allow patient or public involvement in the design or analysis.
The experiences and views of adults with intellectual disabilities accessing digital mental health interventions: A qualitative systematic review and thematic synthesis
Authors: MacHale Rosemary , Ffrench Cathal , McGuire Brian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundTechnology is ubiquitous in all aspects of daily life and research interest in the topic of digital mental health interventions (DMHI) for people with intellectual disabilities is growing. In addition, the COVID‐19 pandemic has accelerated technology use in delivering mental health supports.MethodThis review used a qualitative systematic literature review methodology with the aim of collating the views and experiences of adults with intellectual disabilities accessing DMHI. The electronic databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and SCOPUS were searched in March 2022.ResultsFive studies were selected in this review, and three major narrative themes were generated, each with sub‐themes: (1) User experience with DMHI (personal experience, digital experience); (2) Relationships fostered through technology (interpersonal support, relating to virtual characters, computer as skilled helper); (3) Psychological benefits (new skills development, personal autonomy development).ConclusionThis review highlights that, although there is a diversity of views and experiences of people with intellectual disabilities, the evidence suggests that DMHI has potential to support this population given the right opportunities. Findings also point to the benefit of technology as a complement to therapy, but not necessarily as a replacement to in‐person therapeutic encounters.
Acute procedural efficacy and safety of a novel cryoballoon for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: Results from the POLAR ICE study
Authors: Martin Claire A. , Tilz Roland R. R. , Anic Ante , Defaye Pascal , Luik Armin , de Asmundis Carlo , Champ‐Rigot Laure , Iacopino Saverio , Sommer Philipp , Albrecht Elizabeth M. , Raybuck Jonathan D. , Richards Elizabeth , Cielen Nele , Yap Sing‐Chien ,   the POLAR ICE Investigators
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is well established as a primary treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). The POLAR ICE study was designed to collect prospective real world data on the safety and effectiveness of the POLARxTM cryoballoon for PVI to treat paroxysmal AF.MethodsPOLAR ICE, a prospective, non‐randomized, multicenter (international) registry (NCT04250714), enrolled 399 patients across 19 European centers. Procedural characteristics, such as time to isolation, cryoablations per pulmonary vein (PV), balloon nadir temperature, and occlusion grade were recorded. PVI was confirmed with entrance block testing.ResultsData on 372 de novo PVI procedures (n = 2190 ablations) were collected. Complete PVI was achieved in 96.8% of PVs. Procedure and fluoroscopy times were 68.2 ± 24.6 and 15.6 ± 9.6 min, respectively. Left atrial dwell time was 46.6 ± 18.3 min. Grade 3 or 4 occlusion was achieved in 98.2% of PVs reported and 71.2% of PVs isolation required only a single cryoablation. Of 2190 cryoapplications, 83% had a duration of at least 120 s; nadir temperature of these ablations averaged −56.3 ± 6.5°C. There were 6 phrenic nerve palsy events, 2 of which resolved within 3 months of the procedure.ConclusionThis real‐world usage data on a novel cryoballoon suggests this device is effective, safe, and relatively fast in centers with cryoballoon experience. These data are comparable to prior POLARx reports and in keeping with reported data on other cryoballoons. Future studies should examine the long‐term outcomes and the relationship between biophysical parameters and outcomes for this novel cryoballoon.
Variation in optimal hemodynamic atrio‐ventricular delay of biventricular pacing with different endocardial left ventricular lead locations using precision hemodynamics
Authors: Butcher Charles J. T. , Cantor Emily , Sohaib Afzal , Shun‐Shin Matthew J. , Haynes Ross , Khan Habib , Kyriacou Adreas , Shi Rui , Chen Zhong , Haldar Shouvik , Cleland John G. F. , Hussain Wajid , Markides Vias , Jones David G. , Lane Rebecca E. , Mason Mark J. , Whinnett Zachary I. , Francis Darrel P. , Wong Tom 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionIt is not known whether the optimal atrioventricular (AVopt) delay varies between left ventricular (LV) pacing site during endocardial biventricular pacing (BiVP) and may therefore needs consideration.MethodsWe assessed the hemodynamic AVopt in patients with chronic heart failure undergoing endocardial LV lead implantation. AVopt was assessed during atrio‐BiVP with a “roving LV lead.” Up to four locations were studied: mid‐lateral wall, mid‐septum (or a close alternative), site of greatest hemodynamic improvement, and LV lead implant site. The AVopt was compared to a fixed AV delay of 180 ms.ResultsSeventeen patients were included (12 male, aged 66.5 ± 12.8 years, ejection fraction 26 ± 7%, 16 left bundle branch block or high percentage of right ventricular pacing [RVP], QRS duration 167 ± 27 ms). In most locations (62/63), AVopt increased systolic blood pressure during BiVP compared with RVP (relative improvement 6 mmHg, interquartile range [IQR] 4–9 mmHg). Compared to a fixed AV delay, the hemodynamic improvement at AVopt was higher (1 mmHg, IQR 0.2–2.6 mmHg, p < .001). Within most patients (16/17), we observed a difference in AVopt between pacing sites (median paced AVopt 209 ms, IQR 117–250). Within this range, the hemodynamic impact of these differences was small (median loss 0.6 mmHg, IQR 0.1–2.6 mmHg).ConclusionWithin a patient, different endocardial LV lead locations have slightly different hemodynamic AVopt which are superior to a fixed AV delay. The hemodynamic consequence of applying an optimum from a different lead location is small.
Commentary: The impact of Covid‐19 on psychopathology in children and young people worldwide – reflections on Newlove‐Delgado et al. (2023)
Authors: Cortese Samuele , Solmi Marco , Correll Christoph U. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the past 3 years, since the beginning of the Covid‐19 pandemic, there has been an impressive flourishing body of publications on the impact of the pandemic and related restrictions on the mental health of children and young people. It was about time for a rigorous quantitative evidence synthesis of this large body of research. Newlove‐Delgado et al. (J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2022) took on this challenge by completing a systematic review with meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies on the impact of Covid‐19 on psychopathology in children and adolescents, featured in the 2023 Annual Research Review series of the Journal. Overall, this meta‐analysis shows that the relationship between mental health and Covid‐19 pandemic in children and adolescents is complex and, as such, it ought to be addressed by studies using rigorous methods and advanced analytic strategies. Collectively, as a field, we should and could do better with regards to the scope and quality of the studies in this area.
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of oils from Andean lupin beans: Lab‐scale performance, process scale‐up, and economic evaluation
Authors: Yu Miao , Kniepkamp Kai , Thie Jan Pieter , Witkamp Geert‐Jan , van Haren Rob J. F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOil extraction from Andean lupin beans (Lupinus mutabilis SWEET) via supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) was studied on both lab scale and pilot scale. On the lab scale, the effect of pressure, solvent‐to‐feed ratio (S/F), sample particle size and temperature on oil yield were evaluated. The oil quality (fatty acid [FA] composition and tocopherol content) were investigated. Five‐hour scCO2 extraction yielded about 86% oil of Soxhlet extraction (using hexane as solvent). The fraction of unsaturated FA rose with extraction pressure at specific time. High tocopherol contents were detected in oils extracted at low pressure. An increase in temperature was unfavorable to oil and tocopherol yield, thereby confirming the validity for preserving oil extract quality under a mild scCO2 extraction condition. Oil quality and yield did not have identical optimum settings, opening up possibilities for producing different qualities of oils. Pilot‐scale extraction offered comparable oil yield to lab‐scale extraction at similar S/F ratio. Economic evaluation showed that it is promising to implement industrial scale scCO2 process for lupin oil extraction. It was predicted that, at a specific industrial scale of extraction (2 × 1000 L, 550 bar, 40°C and S/F of 24), the manufacturing cost of oils got close to actual commercial production cost.Practical ApplicationThis study applied an environment‐friendly high‐pressure extraction method, supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction, to separate oils from Andean lupin beans (Lupinus mutabilis SWEET). ScCO2 extraction can serve as an alternative oil extraction method to conventional ones that use fossil‐derived organic solvents as the extractant. Up‐scaled scCO2 processing was estimated to be economically viable for commercial lupin oil production.