bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wasser, Wasserstoff, Wasserstoffbrücke und mehr
Authors: Ludwig Ralf 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungWasserstoff hat das chemische Symbol H und ist die Nummer eins im Periodensystem der Elemente, und auch sonst besonders. Heute ist der Wasserstoff prominenter denn je. Kein anderer energiereicher Stoff eignet sich besser zur Ablösung der fossilen Energieträge Kohle, Öl und Gas, die durch CO2‐Emissionen das Klima stark belasten. Damit wird der Wasserstoff zu einem wichtigen Element der Energiewende. Grund genug, den Wasserstoff in einem kleinen Steckbrief vorzustellen: das Element, das H‐Atom, H2‐Molekül, den ortho‐ und den para‐Wasserstoff. Erörtert wird auch die schwierige Frage, wer den Wasserstoff entdeckt hat. Interessanterweise kann Wasserstoff in Gashydraten gespeichert werden, ausgerechnet in Käfigen des Namengebers Wasser. Die in funktionellen Gruppen gebundenen Wasserstoffatome sind großartige Brückenbauer. Wasserstoffbrücken bestimmen die Struktur und Dynamik von Wasser und Biomolekülen. Und schließlich nimmt der an sich farblose Wasserstoff eine Farbe an: Die Farbskala bemisst sich an dem Herstellungsverfahren des Wasserstoffs. Grün steht hier im Zentrum der Farbenlehre, denn nur die Elektrolyse von Wasser in Wasser‐ und Sauerstoff mit Strom aus Sonnen‐ und Windenergie reduziert die CO2 wirklich.
Smoothed model‐assisted small area estimation of proportions
Authors: Gao Peter A. , Wakefield Jon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn countries where population census data are limited, generating accurate subnational estimates of health and demographic indicators is challenging. Existing model‐based geostatistical methods leverage covariate information and spatial smoothing to reduce the variability of estimates but often ignore the survey design, while traditional small area estimation approaches may not incorporate both unit‐level covariate information and spatial smoothing in a design consistent way. We propose a smoothed model‐assisted estimator that accounts for survey design and leverages both unit‐level covariates and spatial smoothing. Under certain regularity assumptions, this estimator is both design consistent and model consistent. We compare it with existing design‐based and model‐based estimators using real and simulated data.
Phenolic compounds—Occurrence in water, sediment and sludge, and ecological risk evaluation
Authors: Ndwabu Sinayo , Malungana Mncedisi , Mahlambi Precious 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTen phenolic compounds (PC) concentration levels were determined in river water, wastewater, sediments and sludge using solid phase extraction (SPE) microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic extraction (UE), and their ecological risk was evaluated. All the extraction methods showed good sensitivity with limit of detection and limit of quantification values at 0.01–2.00 and 0.02–6.07 µg L−1 for SPE, 0.05–1.20 and 0.17–3.17 µg kg−1 for MAE and 0.09–1.33 and 0.26–3.54 µg kg−1 for UE, correspondingly. Recovery ranges of 75.2–112% (SPE), 80.9–110% (MAE) and 79.3–119% (UE) were obtained. The PC concentrations in wastewater matrix were within the maximum allowable limit except for 2,4‐dichlorophenol at sampling point wdv4. In river water, at Camps Drift the highest concentrations compared to other sampling points was measured, however, all were within the acceptable limits. The risk quotient values exhibited high ecological risk in majority of the sites, with effects range median values indicating toxic effects to the surroundings likely to occur frequently. The probable carcinogenic risk potential was notably found to be high for adults with increment life cancer risk through dermal exposure (ILCRderm) values of 5.34 × 10−2 and 5.92 × 10−2 compared to that for children at 1.26 × 10−2 and 1.39 × 10−2 for both sludge and sediment samples.
Diagnostic role of FNA cytology in the evaluation of cervical lymph nodes in thyroid cancers: Combined evaluation of thyroglobulin in eluate from FNA cytology
Authors: Tralongo Pietro , Bruno Carmine , Policardo Federica , Vegni Federica , Feraco Angela , Carlino Angela , Ferraro Giulia , Milardi Domenico , Navarra Elena , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Lombardi Celestino Pio , Raffaelli Marco , Larocca Luigi Maria , Pantanowitz Liron , Rossi Esther Diana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe presurgical evaluation of cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) in the management of thyroid malignant lesions is crucial for the extent of surgery or detection of metastases. In these last decades, fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been shown to have a central role in the detection of nodal thyroid metastases. It is adopted for the possibility of confirming suspected metastases either in the presurgical phase or in the follow‐up of patients after thyroidectomy. However, FNAC from CLNs can be challenging, especially in cystic lesions. In this regard, the combination of FNAC with thyroglobulin measurement in the eluate from FNAC (Tg‐FNAC) seems to increase the sensitivity of FNAC in the detection of CLN metastases. The role of FNAC and Tg‐FNAC was investigated in this series.MethodsOne hundred fifty‐three prospective cytological samples of CLNs were studied along with surgical follow‐up in the period between 2020 and 2022. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) was performed on liquid‐based cytology–stored material.ResultsOne hundred fifty‐nine enlarged CLNs included 19 central lymph nodes and 140 CLNs. Forty‐two thyroidal CLN metastases and 117 reactive lymph nodes were found. Thirty‐one CLN dissections were performed in patients with a previous diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma (mostly papillary thyroid carcinoma [PTC]), whereas 128 CLNs with a concomitant suspicious and/or malignant thyroid nodule were found. There was one false‐positive case among all the malignant histologically confirmed cases, and two of 117 reactive CLNs (1.7%) had a diagnosis of metastatic PTC. Markedly high Tg‐FNAC was found in all metastatic CLNs, including 11 cystic metastatic CLNs detected by Tg‐FNAC with a negative FNAC. ICC (including Tg, CK‐19, and LCA) recognized nine cases with low Tg‐FNAC and scant suspicious thyrocytes. Tg‐FNAC plus FNAC diagnosed 94.2% of malignancies.ConclusionsFNAC represents a valid method for the evaluation of CLNs, especially combined with ICC. Tg‐FNAC is an additional method with a useful role in FNAC.
Analyzing the cortical fine structure as revealed by ex‐vivo anatomical MRI
Authors: Kruggel Frithjof , Solodkin Ana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe human cortex has a rich fiber structure as revealed by myelin‐staining of histological slices. Myelin also contributes to the image contrast in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Recent advances in Magnetic Resonance (MR) scanner and imaging technology allowed the acquisition of an ex‐vivo data set at an isotropic resolution of 100 µm. This study focused on a computational analysis of this data set with the aim of bridging between histological knowledge and MRI‐based results. This work highlights: (1) the design and implementation of a processing chain that extracts intracortical features from a high‐resolution MR image; (2) a demonstration of the correspondence between MRI‐based cortical intensity profiles and the myelo‐architectonic layering of the cortex; (3) the characterization and classification of four basic myelo‐architectonic profile types; (4) the distinction of cortical regions based on myelo‐architectonic features; and (5) the segmentation of cortical modules in the entorhinal cortex.
Testing a moral exemplar intervention in a non‐conflict context: The effects of moral exemplars on key dimensions of outgroup evaluations
Authors: Bojerud Erik , Younadam Ramina , Čehajić‐Clancy Sabina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMoral exemplar interventions have been shown to increase many positive intergroup outcomes, including perceptions of outgroup morality. However, existing research on moral exemplar interventions has only been conducted in post‐conflict contexts. This study investigates the effects of a moral exemplar intervention on outgroup evaluations in a non‐conflict context. By examining the effects on three key dimensions of outgroup evaluations (morality, sociability, and competence) in Sweden, we aim to extend the generalizability of moral exemplar interventions. An online experiment was conducted with self‐identified Swedes (N = 193) to explore the effects of outgroup (Middle Eastern) moral versus neutral exemplars. Results indicate that moral exemplar stories increased perceptions of outgroup morality while not significantly affecting perceived outgroup competence or sociability. These findings support the hypothesis that moral exemplars influence a specific positive dimension of outgroup evaluations, namely perceptions of morality, rather than any positive dimension such as sociability or competence. The present study also gives tentative support for the applicability of moral exemplar interventions in contexts and settings with no recent history of collective violence.
Eight years of weekly eDNA monitoring in the North‐Western Pacific
Authors: Sildever Sirje , Nishi Noriko , Tazawa Satoshi , Kasai Hiromi , Hirai Junya , Shiomoto Akihiro , Kikuchi Taisei , Katakura Seiji , Nagai Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDetection of marine organisms based on environmental DNA (eDNA) has expanded the knowledge of species richness, distribution, and appearance patterns. We used eDNA data from a single location sampled weekly over 8 years to detect as many species as possible, and investigate their appearance patterns and associations with biotic and abiotic factors. We detected >2500 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with unique species from nine supergroups. The dominating currents that differ significantly in temperature, salinity, and nutrient concentrations structured the richness of the OTUs. We further detected sporadic and seasonal or continuous presence among the OTUs connected with a single species. This study shows that the long‐term eDNA‐based monitoring approach provides comprehensive knowledge of the species present as well as their associations with biotic and abiotic factors.
Reducing crosstalk between microstrip lines using CSR structure
Authors: Wang Yafei , Li Chenlong , Li Xuehua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAiming at the problem of crosstalk between microstrip lines, a method of reducing crosstalk by using cross‐shape resonators (CSR) structures is proposed. On the premise of not changing the spacing of microstrip lines, this method adds CSR structures between the coupled microstrip lines to increase the capacitive coupling and thus to suppress the far‐end crosstalk. Based on the analysis of the equivalent circuit of CSR structure, the parameters simulation and verification are carried out by ADS and HFSS software. Through HFSS simulation and physical test of the designed CSR structure, the results show that: the CSR structure can significantly reduce the far‐end crosstalk by about 15 dB in the frequency of 0–10 GHz, and the maximum can reach 43 dB. Compared with 3W crosstalk reduction method and rectangular‐shape resonators crosstalk reduction method, the crosstalk reduction effect is improved.
Utility of scratch art therapy in adult epilepsy patients with difficulties in social adaptation
Authors: Kanesaki Hiromi , Watanabe Kiwamu , Osugi Kazuha , Ohara Hiroya , Takada Kozue , Kinoshita Masako 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveAdult patients with epilepsy are confronted with significant psychological and psychosocial burdens. However, the role of psychological intervention to improve quality of life has not been fully established yet. The basis of art therapy is symbolic representations of inner experiences but patients may have difficulty expressing themselves. Here, we investigated utilities of scratch art therapy in Japanese adult patients with epilepsy who feel difficulties in social adaptation.MethodsSeven adult epilepsy patients (four males, age: 32.1 ± 9.9, mean ± SD) treated in epilepsy clinic of our hospital, who complained of psychosocial problems and underwent psychotherapy sessions combined with art therapy, were included. Six patients had focal epilepsy and two of them were sequelae of encephalitis. They were comorbid with depression, mood disorders, anxiety, memory disturbance, and insomnia. Psychotherapy sessions were scheduled at the same day of their clinic visit, every 4–12 weeks, 60 min per day, and art therapy was performed as a part (up to 30 min, in accord with the condition of the patient) of each session. Scratch art therapy was performed by using ready‐made publications. Each patient selected favorite motives of figure out of several options suggested by the therapist.ResultsAll patients quickly adapted themselves to scratch art therapy and verbally expressed their hidden emotions during drawing. One female patient with emotional lability appealed that she could stab herself by pointed end of the pen. Three patients added self‐motivated lines to the designed draft. Two patients realized problems to be solved and moved to other suitable therapeutic procedures.SignificanceThe current case series study demonstrated utilities of scratch art therapy in Japanese adult patients with epilepsy who feel difficulties in social adaptation. Scratch art therapy is easy to introduce in adult epilepsy patients who have trouble expressing themselves or have uncontrollable emotions.
Epilepsy is an important feature of KBG syndrome associated with poorer developmental outcome
Authors: Buijsse Nathan , Jansen Floor E. , Ockeloen Charlotte W. , van Kempen Marjan J. A. , Zeidler Shimriet , Willemsen Marjolein H. , Scarano Emanuela , Monticone Sonia , Zonneveld‐Huijssoon Evelien , Low Karen J. , Bayat Allan , Sisodiya Sanjay M. , Samanta Debopam , Lesca Gaetan , de Jong Danielle , Giltay Jaqcues C. , Verbeek Nienke E. , Kleefstra Tjitske , Brilstra Eva H. , Vlaskamp Danique R. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the epilepsy phenotype in a large international cohort of patients with KBG syndrome and to study a possible genotype–phenotype correlation.MethodsWe collected data on patients with ANKRD11 variants by contacting University Medical Centers in the Netherlands, an international network of collaborating clinicians, and study groups who previously published about KBG syndrome. All patients with a likely pathogenic or pathogenic ANKRD11 variant were included in our patient cohort and categorized into an “epilepsy group” or “non‐epilepsy group”. Additionally, we included previously reported patients with (likely) pathogenic ANKRD11 variants and epilepsy from the literature.ResultsWe included 75 patients with KBG syndrome of whom 26 had epilepsy. Those with epilepsy more often had moderate to severe intellectual disability (42.3% vs 9.1%, RR 4.6 [95% CI 1.7–13.1]). Seizure onset in patients with KBG syndrome occurred at a median age of 4 years (range 12 months – 20 years), and the majority had generalized onset seizures (57.7%) with tonic–clonic seizures being most common (23.1%). The epilepsy type was mostly classified as generalized (42.9%) or combined generalized and focal (42.9%), not fulfilling the criteria of an electroclinical syndrome diagnosis. Half of the epilepsy patients (50.0%) were seizure free on anti‐seizure medication (ASM) for at least 1 year at the time of last assessment, but 26.9% of patients had drug‐resistant epilepsy (failure of ≥2 ASM). No genotype–phenotype correlation could be identified for the presence of epilepsy or epilepsy characteristics.SignificanceEpilepsy in KBG syndrome most often presents as a generalized or combined focal and generalized type. No distinctive epilepsy syndrome could be identified. Patients with KBG syndrome and epilepsy had a significantly poorer neurodevelopmental outcome compared with those without epilepsy. Clinicians should consider KBG syndrome as a causal etiology of epilepsy and be aware of the poorer neurodevelopmental outcome in individuals with epilepsy.
Association between empirical dietary inflammatory index, odds, and severity of anxiety disorders: A case–control study
Authors: Torabynasab Kimia , Shahinfar Hossein , Effatpanah Mohammad , Jazayeri Shima , Azadbakht Leila , Abolghasemi Jamileh , Jamali Soulmaz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiet may be a modifiable factor in the prevention of psychiatric disorders by modulating inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the association between empirical dietary inflammatory index (EDII) that is designed to evaluate the inflammatory potential of diets and anxiety disorders (AD) in adults. This case–control study was carried out on 85 patients who were group matched by gender with 170 healthy subjects. Data for dietary intake were assessed by using a 147‐item validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measures were collected using standard methods. EDII score was developed according to participants' dietary intakes of 28 predefined food groups. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to investigate the association of empirically derived inflammatory potential of the diet and anxiety disorder. We observed that after adjusting for confounders, individuals in the top category of EDII score were 2.09 fold more likely to have anxiety disorder compared with those in the bottom category (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.33). Also, higher EDII contributed to a higher GAD‐7 score (p < .001). There was a significant positive linear association between EDII and AD (β = 3.64, p < .001). After controlling for potential confounders AD had a strong positive correlation with the EDII score (r = .61, p‐value <.001). In conclusion, in this case–control study, we realized that there is a positive association between the EDII score, odds, and severity of anxiety disorder. Ultimately, the potential role necessitates clarifying this association by conducting large‐population prospective cohort studies.
Collision tumor of spindle cell lipoma arising from perirenal tissue and acquired cystic disease‐associated renal cell carcinoma: A rare case report
Authors: Sakai Yasuyuki , Oikawa Kensuke , Matsukawa Masanori 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionCollision tumors are a rare phenomenon defined as two or more histologically distinct tumors that are in contact with each other.Case presentationThe patient was a man with a history of end‐stage diabetic nephropathy under hemodialysis treatment for 15 years. A plain computed tomography scan showed a 4.3 cm mass with obscured margins in the right perirenal fat of the lower pole kidney. On T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging, the lesion showed heterogeneous signal intensity with a partially cystic component. A radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination revealed collision tumors constituted of a spindle cell lipoma covering the kidney surface underneath the perirenal fat and diffusely distributed acquired cystic disease‐associated renal cell carcinoma in the renal parenchyma.ConclusionWe report the first case of collision tumors comprising spindle cell lipoma and acquired cystic disease‐associated renal cell carcinoma.
Unpacking the role of adolescent religious affiliation in youth outcomes
Authors: Hardy Sam A. , Morgan McKay , Nelson Jenae M. , Schwadel Philip 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this study was to unpack the role of adolescent religious affiliation in positive and negative youth outcomes.MethodsWe used data from Wave 1 (2002–2003) of the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). Participants were a nationally representative sample of 3290 adolescents from across the United States. Measures were adolescent‐report or parent‐report items of religiousness (individual religiousness, family religiousness, peer religiousness, and religious community supportiveness) and youth outcomes (future orientation, grades, community involvement, alcohol use, sexual activity, and depression).ResultsFirst, ANOVAs revealed that four dimensions of religiousness (individual religiousness, family religiousness, peer religiousness, and religious community supportiveness) and five youth outcomes (future orientation, grades, community involvement, alcohol use, and sexual activity, but not depression), varied significantly across religious affiliation. Second, regressions examining direct effects found that the multicategorical nominal variable of religious affiliation predicted all outcomes except alcohol use and depression after accounting for the four dimensions of religiousness. Third, each of the four dimensions of religiousness mediated relations between religious affiliation and at least one of the outcomes.ConclusionsIn short, religious affiliation seems to play a unique role in youth outcomes, above and beyond other dimensions of religiousness. This role of religious affiliation perhaps functions in part via individual and contextual dimensions of religiousness.
A tri‐directional examination of adolescent personality, perceived parenting, and economic and parental adversity contexts in influencing adolescent behavioral outcomes
Authors: Truhan Tayler E. , Sedikides Constantine , Armour Cherie , Papageorgiou Kostas A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdolescent personality is consistently linked to behavioral strengths and difficulties. However, most of this work is limited in that it does not consider personality beyond the Big Five or economic or parental adversity contexts. The Tri‐Directional Framework of Parent and Offspring Traits and Outcomes highlights the collective influence of personality, parenting, and context on offspring behavioral outcomes.MethodsParent and adolescent cross‐sectional data were collected from 2019 to 2021 as part of the Parents and Children Together project in the United Kingdom. Adolescents (N = 310, 48.7% female) self‐reported on Dark Triad traits, parenting, and behavior. Parents (N = 288, 46.9% mothers) self‐reported on socioeconomic status and adverse childhood experiences. In two path analysis models, we examined: (1) adolescent Dark Triad, context, and their interactions as predictors of perceived maternal and paternal warmth, hostility, and control; and (2) adolescent Dark Triad, perceived parenting, context, and personality‐parenting interactions as predictors of adolescent behavioral strengths and difficulties.ResultsAdolescent narcissistic traits were the strongest predictors of perceived maternal parenting, whereas adolescent psychopathy and Machiavellianism were the strongest predictors of perceived paternal parenting. Adolescent personality interacted with contextual factors in predicting parenting, but not with perceived parenting in predicting behavior.ConclusionAdolescent Dark Triad traits, especially narcissism, and contextual factors are important for the parent‐offspring relationship and developmental outcomes. We recommend that research move beyond assessing direct trait‐outcome associations to examining how these associations operate in different environments.