bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Dental Erosion and Beverage Consumption Pattern in Overweight and Obese Patients
Authors: Doychinova Lilia , Nikolova Maria , Radeva Elka , Bakardjiev Peter , Stoichkov Biser , Kirov Dimitar 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to investigate the relationship between dental erosion and frequency of non-alcoholic beverage intake in normal-weight, overweight, and obese individuals.
The study involved 264 subjects aged 18–60 years with normal weight (control group), overweight and obesity. The frequency of non-alcoholic beverage intake has been assessed. The grade of erosive tooth wear has been measured using the BEWE index (Basic Erosive Wear Examination). When comparing the control and overweight groups, a statistically significant difference has been found between the group with no erosive wear, score 0, and the one with initial enamel surface loss, score 1, (χ2 = 18.633, p < 0.05). When comparing the control and obese groups, a significant difference has been found between the groups with score 0 (χ2 = 19.179, p < 0.05), score 2 (χ2 = 0.160, p < 0.05) and score 3 (χ2 = 0.160, p < 0.05), as well as when comparing the subjects in the control group with score 0 by sex (χ2 = 3.360, p < 0.05). The Kruskal–Wallis test has indicated a statistically significant difference among the three studied groups depending on body weight (BMI), (χ2 = 19.036, p < 0.001), as well as on the non-alcoholic beverage consumption in the individuals affected by erosive wear (χ2 = 57.403, p < 0.001). A relationship between the frequency of intake related to these beverages and the dental erosive wear has been established.
Household Food Diversity and Food Habits in Changing Climate of Western Bhutan
Authors: Chapagai Purna P. , Katel Om , Penjor  
Published: July 2023

Household food diversity index (HFDI) is qualitative measure of food consumption that reflects household access to a variety of food groups. Food habit is the way people eat food which is influenced by various factors. Impacts of climate change poses a threat on food diversity and food habit and food security in agrarian Bhutanese. The study aims to analyze if household food diversity and food habits are affected by climate change in the three ecological zones. Household food diversity and food habits in Gasa, Punakha and Wangdue Phodrang districts (Dzongkhags) were compared and relationships were drawn. Household level data were collected using survey method from 368 randomly selected households, stratified into three agroecological zones, by administering pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The survey questions were designed using guidelines of Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Food components consumed in the last 24 hours were recorded and grouped into 10 food groups. Food diversity indices are computed at the levels of household, Chiwog (village), Gewog (block), Dzongkhag (district), and at the whole study area. Spearman’s correlation tests were used to evaluate relationship between household food diversity Index (HFDI) and Food habit with Climate Change and Elevation. Kruskal Wallis tests ascertained association among the same four sets of variables with three Dzongkhag (district) as independent variable. In both sets of tests, the relationships were statistically significant. Climate change is affecting food diversity and food habits in the three agroecological zones. Introducing mass potato cultivation in Gasa, less water intensive rice variety in Punakha, and high yielding Jersey cows for dairy are recommended for food diversity enhancement in the study areas. Preserving traditional food culture like Aoolay from Gasa, and conserving biodiversity will contribute to mitigate impacts of climate change on food habits to achieve food security.
Assessment and Mapping of Micronutrient Cation Distribution in Agricultural Research Station Soil: A Geospatial Approach
Authors: Bhil Kamlesh , Sharma M. K. , Meena Neha , Danga Narendra , Meena Rajesh , Tushar  , Choudhari Sarita , Gurjar Kamal 
Published: July 2023

Aim: The objective was to construct fertility maps of the area, specifically focusing on micronutrient cations. The research aims to provide valuable insights into the spatial distribution of micronutrients, aiding in the development of targeted agricultural practices and informed decision-making.
Study Design: Soil sampling, soil analysis and soil mapping.
Place and Duration of Study: Agricultural Research Station, Ummedganj-Kota in 2019 and 2020
Methodology: The study involved the collection of 300 soil samples, with precise coordinate’s locked using GPS technology. Soil variability maps for soil micronutrient Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu were generated by using Arc GIS 10.5 on the basis of latitude and longitude of sample site by using hand GPS device and analyzed sample data.
Results: The available-Zn of the soils ranged from 0.03 to 4.39 mg kg-1 with a mean value 0.61 mg kg-1, the soil falls under low (64.67%) to medium (30.33%) in available Zn. The available-Fe of the soils ranged from 1.09 to 12.54 mg kg-1 with a mean value 4.29 mg kg-1, the soils fall under low (58.00%) and medium (31.67%) categories for available Fe. The available-Mn of the soils ranged from 2.27-22.31 mg kg-1 with a mean value 5.74 mg kg-1, the soils of the farm falls under medium (28.33%) to high (69.34%) in available Mn. The available-Cu of the soils ranged from 0.32-2.25 mg kg-1 with a mean value 1.09 mg kg-1, the soil comes under high (57.00%) and very high (30.33%) categories for available Cu.
Conclusion: Spatial variability map it was found that a high amount of Zn, Mn, Fe present in the soil of field number 14 and 12A compared to other fields. The possible cause behind this may be due to adoption of organic farming practices in field number 14 and execution of integrated farming system modules in field number 12A from some year.
Aortic Stenosis Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Johnson Tate M. , Mahabir Chetaj A. , Yang Yangyuna , Roul Punyasha , Goldsweig Andrew M. , Binstadt Bryce A. , Baker Joshua F. , Sauer Brian C. , Cannon Grant W. , Mikuls Ted R. , England Bryant R. 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceAlthough an increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the risk of aortic stenosis (AS) is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the risk of incident AS, aortic valve intervention, AS-related death, and risk factors for AS development in patients with RA.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study linked data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services from 2000 to 2019. Patients with RA were matched by age, sex, and VHA enrollment year with up to 10 patients without RA. The cohort was followed until incident AS, aortic valve intervention, or death. Data were analyzed from August 23, 2022, to March 3, 2023.Exposuresthe primary exposure was the presence of RA, defined using validated RA algorithms.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAortic stenosis was defined as a composite of inpatient or outpatient diagnoses, surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement, or AS-related death using diagnostic and procedural codes. Risk of AS development was assessed with multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for race, ethnicity, smoking status, body mass index, rurality, comorbidities, and health care use.ResultsThe cohort included 73 070 patients with RA (64 008 [87.6%] males; mean [SD] age, 63.0 [11.9] years) matched with 639 268 patients without RA (554 182 [86.7%] males; mean [SD] age, 61.9 [11.7] years) and 16 109 composite AS outcomes that occurred over 6 223 150 person-years. The AS incidence rate was 3.97 (95% CI, 3.81-4.13) per 1000 person-years in patients with RA and 2.45 (95% CI, 2.41-2.49) per 1000 person-years in the control patients (absolute difference, 1.52 per 1000 person-years). Rheumatoid arthritis was associated with an increased risk of composite AS (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.48; 95% CI, 1.41-1.55), aortic valve intervention (AHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.22-1.48), and AS-related death (AHR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.04-1.54).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, RA was associated with a higher risk of developing AS and the subsequent risks of undergoing aortic valve intervention and suffering from AS-related death. Future studies are needed to confirm whether valvular heart disease, specifically AS, may be an overlooked cardiovascular disease complication in RA.
Cortical signature of depressive symptoms in frontotemporal dementia: A surface‐based analysis
Authors: Ghirelli Alma , Tafuri Benedetta , Urso Daniele , Milella Giammarco , De Blasi Roberto , Nigro Salvatore , Logroscino Giancarlo ,   for the Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDepressive symptoms are frequently reported in patients affected by frontotemporal dementia (FTD). At structural MRI, cortical features of depressed FTD patients have been poorly described. Our objective was to investigate correlations between cortical measures and depression severity in FTD patients.MethodsData were obtained from the Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Neuroimaging Initiative (FTLDNI) database. We included 98 controls and 92 FTD patients, n = 38 behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), n = 26 non‐fluent variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (nfvPPA), and n = 28 semantic variant Primary Progressive Aphasia (svPPA). Patients underwent clinical and cognitive evaluations, as well as a 3D T1‐weighted MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner (Siemens, Trio Tim system). Depression was evaluated by means of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Surface‐based analysis was performed on T1‐weighted images to evaluate cortical thickness, a measure of gray matter integrity, and local gyrification index (lGI), a quantitative metric of cortical folding.ResultsPatients affected by svPPA were more depressed than controls at NPI and depression severity at GDS was higher in svPPA and bvFTD. Severity of depression correlated with a decrease in lGI in left precentral and superior frontal gyrus, supramarginal and postcentral gyrus and right precentral, supramarginal, superior parietal and superior frontal gyri. Furthermore, depression severity correlated positively with cortical thickness in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex.DiscussionWe found that lGI was associated with depressive symptoms over brain regions involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. This finding provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying psychiatric symptoms in FTD.
Does Physical Activity Confound Race Differences in Osteoarthritis‐Related Functional Limitation?
Authors: Vina Ernest R. , Patel Puja , Grest Carolina Villamil , Kwoh C. Kent , Jakiela Jason T. , Bye Thomas , White Daniel K. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study sought to determine the extent to which physical activity confounds the relation between race and the incidence of osteoarthritis (OA)‐related functional limitation.MethodsOA Initiative study participants with or at increased risk of knee OA who wore an accelerometer were included. Race was self‐reported. Average time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (minutes per day) based on ActiGraph uniaxial accelerometer data was assessed. Functional limitation was based on the following: (1) inability to achieve a community walking speed (1.2 m/s) standard, (2) slow walking speed (<1.0 m/s), and (3) low physical functioning based on a Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC) physical function score greater than 28 of 68.ResultsAfrican American (AA) participants (n = 226), compared with White participants (n = 1348), had a higher likelihood of developing functional limitation based on various measures. When adjusted for time in moderate to vigorous physical activity, the association between AA race and inability to walk a community walking speed slightly decreased (from relative risk [RR] 2.15, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.64–2.81, to RR 1.99, 95% CI 1.51–2.61). Association between AA race and other measures of functional limitation mildly decreased (slow walking speed: from RR 2.06, 95% CI 1.40–3.01, to RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.25–2.63; low physical functioning: from RR 3.44, 95% CI 1.96–6.03, to RR 3.10, 95% CI 1.79–5.39). When further adjusted for demographic and other clinical variables, only the association between race and low physical functioning (WOMAC) significantly decreased and no longer met statistical significance.ConclusionGreater physical activity is unlikely to completely make up for race differences in OA‐related functional limitation, and other barriers to health equity need to be addressed.
Integration of Tumor Elimination And Tissue Regeneration via Selective Manipulation of Physiological Microenvironments Based on Intelligent Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Postoperative Treatment of Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Chen Li , Yang Tianfeng , Weng Lin , Chang Xiaowei , Liu Jie , Peng Xiuhong , Cheng Cheng , Han Peng , Zhang Yanmin , Chen Xin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTumor residue and tissue damage normally occurred after surgical treatment of malignant melanoma, and the effective postoperative therapy is still a challenge because the treatment requests simultaneous but opposite manipulation of tumor cells and healthy cells. Herein, MBGP‐Gel, a thermosensitive and biodegradable hydrogel incorporating S‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) loaded and N‐aminoethyl‐N’‐benzoyl thiourea (BTU) modified MSNs (MBGP NPs), was designed to utilize the significant difference of copper content between tumor cells and healthy cells to regulate various physiological microenvironments for integrative therapy of tumor elimination, metastasis inhibition and tissue regeneration. The MBGP‐Gel underwent sol‐gel transformation at body temperature after injection, and continuously released MBGP nanoparticles. In tumor cells, these nanoparticles would chelate the excess copper to inhibit the tumor migration. Meanwhile, copper was reduced to cuprous, which further catalyzed the abundant H2O2 and GSNO to produce oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), respectively. The ROS and the reaction product of ROS and NO (ONOO) would significantly damage the tumor tissue. In contrast, MBGP nanoparticles entered healthy cells only generate appropriate amount of NO to accelerate tissue healing. Both in vitro and in vivo results showed that the nanocomposite hydrogel could inhibit the growth and metastasis of malignant melanoma and promote the skin regeneration, which offered an promising strategy for postoperative treatment of various tumors.
Gel Polymer Electrolyte toward Large‐Scale Application of Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Qi Ruiyu , Tang Wenhao , Shi Yiliang , Teng Kewei , Deng Yirui , Zhang Lei , Zhang Junqing , Liu Ruiping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc batteries are promising candidates for energy storage and conversion devices in the “post‐lithium” era due to their high energy density, high safety, and low cost. The electrolyte plays an important role in zinc batteries by conducting and separating the positive and negative electrodes. However, the issues of zinc dendrites growth, corrosion, by‐product formation, hydrogen evolution and leakage, and evaporation of the aqueous electrolytes affect the commercialization of the batteries. Moreover, the widely used aqueous electrolytes result in large battery sizes, which are not conducive to the emerging smart devices. The intrinsic properties of gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) can solve the above problems. In order to promote the wider application of GPEs‐based zinc batteries, in this review, the working principle and the current problems of zinc batteries are first introduced, andthe merits of GPEs compared to aqueous electrolytes are then summarized. Subsequently, a series of challenges and corresponding strategies faced by GPE is discussed, and an outlook for its future development is finally proposed.
Stacking‐Controlled Growth of rBN Crystalline Films with High Nonlinear Optical Conversion Efficiency up to 1%
Authors: Qi Jiajie , Ma Chenjun , Guo Quanlin , Ma Chaojie , Zhang Zhibin , Liu Fang , Shi Xuping , Wang Li , Xue Mingshan , Wu Muhong , Gao Peng , Hong Hao , Wang Xinqiang , Wang Enge , Liu Can , Liu Kaihui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNonlinear optical crystals lie at the core of ultrafast laser science and quantum communication technology. The emergence of 2D materials provides a revolutionary potential for nonlinear optical crystals due to their exceptionally high nonlinear coefficients. However, uncontrolled stacking orders generally induce the destructive nonlinear response due to the optical phase deviation in different 2D layers. Therefore, conversion efficiency of 2D nonlinear crystals is typically limited to less than 0.01% (far below the practical criterion of >1%). Here, crystalline films of rhombohedral boron nitride (rBN) with parallel stacked layers are controllably synthesized. This success is realized by the utilization of vicinal FeNi (111) single crystal, where both the unidirectional arrangement of BN grains into a single‐crystal monolayer and the continuous precipitation of (B,N) source for thick layers are guaranteed. The preserved in‐plane inversion asymmetry in rBN films keeps the in‐phase second‐harmonic generation field in every layer and leads to a record‐high conversion efficiency of 1% in the whole family of 2D materials within the coherence thickness of only 1.6 µm. The work provides a route for designing ultrathin nonlinear optical crystals from 2D materials, and will promote the on‐demand fabrication of integrated photonic and compact quantum optical devices.
Synthesis of 1,4‐Dicarbonyl Compounds via Visible‐Light‐Induced Decarboxylative Radical Cascade Reactions
Authors: Su Zhiyou , Zhang Jia , Lin Hou‐Wen , Liao Hongze 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe herein report a method for the synthesis of 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds using light‐activated electron donor‐acceptor (EDA) complexes. This multi‐component reaction involves the photoactivation of EDA complexes formed by carboxylic acid derivatives, triphenylphosphine, and sodium iodide, resulting in single‐electron reduction. The subsequent decarboxylation fragmentation leads to the formation of nucleophilic alkyl free radicals, which can undergo sequential radical coupling reactions with electron‐deficient and electron‐rich olefins. This method has been successfully applied to various aliphatic carboxylic acid derivatives, including tertiary, secondary, and primary ones, as well as multiple types of electron‐deficient olefins and enol silyl ethers. The entire process is conducted under mild conditions, indicating its potential for the synthesis of valuable synthetic compounds.
Self‐Propelled Proteomotors with Active Cell‐Free mtDNA Clearance for Enhanced Therapy of Sepsis‐Associated Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Huang Weichang , Wen Lihong , Tian Hao , Jiang Jiamiao , Liu Meihuan , Ye Yicheng , Gao Junbin , Zhang Ruotian , Wang Fei , Li Huaan , Shen Lihan , Peng Fei , Tu Yingfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a frequent and serious complication of sepsis with limited therapeutic options. Gaining insights into the inflammatory dysregulation that causes sepsis‐associated ALI can help develop new therapeutic strategies. Herein, the crucial role of cell‐free mitochondrial DNA (cf‐mtDNA) in the regulation of alveolar macrophage activation during sepsis‐associated ALI is identified. Most importantly, a biocompatible hybrid protein nanomotor (NM) composed of recombinant deoxyribonuclease I (DNase‐I) and human serum albumin (HSA) via glutaraldehyde‐mediated crosslinking is prepared to obtain an inhalable nanotherapeutic platform targeting pulmonary cf‐mtDNA clearance. The synthesized DNase‐I/HSA NMs are endowed with self‐propulsive capability and demonstrate superior performances in stability, DNA hydrolysis, and biosafety. Pulmonary delivery of DNase‐I/HSA NMs effectively eliminates cf‐mtDNAs in the lungs, and also improves sepsis survival by attenuating pulmonary inflammation and lung injury. Therefore, pulmonary cf‐mtDNA clearance strategy using DNase‐I/HSA NMs is considered to be an attractive approach for sepsis‐associated ALI.
Magnetic Second‐Order Topological Insulators in 2H‐Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Liu Guodong , Jiang Haoqian , Guo Zhenzhou , Zhang Xiaoming , Jin Lei , Liu Cong , Liu Ying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe transition metal dichalcogenides, 2H‐VX2 (X = S, Se, Te), are identified as two‐dimensional second‐order topological insulator (SOTI) with a ferromagnetic ground state by first‐principles calculations. The 2H‐VX2 (X = S, Se, Te) materials have a nontrivial band gap in two spin channels is found and exhibit topologically protected corner states with spin‐polarization. These corner states only accommodate the quantized fractional charge (e/3). And the charge is bound at the corners of the nanodisk geometry 2H‐VX2 (X = S, Se, Te) in real space. The corner states are robust against symmetry‐breaking perturbations, which makes them more easily detectable in experiments. Further, it is demonstrated that the SOTI properties of 2H‐VX2 (X = S, Se, Te) materials can be maintained in the presence of spin‐orbit coupling and are stable against magnetization. Overall, the results reveal 2H‐VX2 (X = S, Se, Te) as an ideal platform for the exploration of magnetic SOTI and suggest its great potential in experimental detection.
Prospective Application, Mechanism, and Deficiency of Lithium Bis(oxalate)Borate as the Electrolyte Additive for Lithium‐Batteries
Authors: Li Jianing , Yang Jianzhong , Ji Zhaoqi , Su Min , Li Huijing , Wu Yanchao , Su Xin , Zhang Zhengcheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) is one of the most common film‐forming electrolyte additives used in lithium ion batteries (LIBs), since it can form a dense boron‐containing polymer as a solid electrolyte interlayer (or cathode electrolyte interlayer) in order to isolate the electrode material from the electrolyte and prevent side reactions. LiBOB can serve as HF scavenger to maintain the structural integrity of electrodes via avoiding the transition metal dissolution caused by HF attack. LiBOB also can react with LiPF6 to generate lithium difluoro (oxalate)borate (LiDFOB) that can be further used as a clean‐up agent for reactive oxygen radicals. This article lists the application of LiBOB in high capacity and high voltage cathode materials, and also reviews the working mechanisms of LiBOB used in these materials to improve the performance of LIBs. Finally, it presents the current shortcomings of LiBOB and strategies to overcome these. This article is expected to provide useful insights for employing LiBOB as a feasible method of dealing with the difficulty of running high capacity LIBs stably under high voltage.
Synthesis of Secondary Trifluoromethylated Alkyl Bromides with Further Conversion to Boronic Esters and Alcohols
Authors: Li Weipiao , Mao Ting , Yang Jia‐Jia , Shang Mao‐Cai , Li Xuefei , Wang An‐Jun , Wang Pan , Zhao Liang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSecondary trifluoromethylated alkyl bromides are versatile building blocks in the synthesis of fluorine‐containing aliphatic compounds. However, current methods of preparation are limited. In this study, we have developed a general deaminative cross‐coupling of Katritzky salts with 2‐bromo‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropene (BTP) as a route to α‐trifluoromethylated alkyl bromides that is driven by an electron‐donor‐acceptor (EDA) complex. The resultant products can be readily converted to α‐trifluoromethyl borates and α‐trifluoromethyl alcohols, enriching the current toolbox for synthesizing trifluoromethylated aliphatic compounds with wide‐ranging applications.