bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capitalizing on Waiting
Authors: Datta Arunima 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter 4 studies the ways some travelling ayahs, often those more experienced in the trade, used periods of waiting creatively to improve their situation in material or symbolic ways, by increasing their wealth or status. In particular, it focuses on those travelling ayahs who capitalized on entrepreneurial and other socio-cultural opportunities that waiting in the imperial metropolis offered them. The cases discussed in this chapter become particularly interesting and inspiring because they help us to understand how waiting, which was an unavoidable and potentially threatening part of their professional experience, could be turned into a space of opportunity for the realization of their aspirations. In such cases, travelling ayahs interrupted the colonial gaze with their own colonized gaze on the metropole, where they saw opportunities that they could exploit for their advantage. This is not to suggest that travelling ayahs were the ideal entrepreneurs of recent neoliberal ideology: they remained marginalized and racialized subalterns and their schemes were often confronted with challenges from the hegemonic power of an empire that saw them as inferior subjects as a result of both their skin colour and gender. Yet the evidence that emerges from the archives suggests that whilst they may sometimes have been discouraged, they were never deterred from pursuing their own goals.
Needlecraft Feminism
Authors: Elkins Amy E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
What is the relationship between trauma and feminism in needlecrafts? How do needlework metaphors in literature underscore feminist experiences of confinement and agency, resistance and creative expression? This chapter continues the thread of world war in H.D. ’s writing and craftwork, but expands the temporal dimension of textile crafts to ancient Egypt (where the oldest needleworks have been preserved). H.D. ’s needlework practice gave her the aesthetic resources to rewrite patriarchal conceptions of history on a massive scale. In her work, women rule, with mythic crafters such as Helen and Penelope at the forefront of rebellion and leadership. Needlework circulates in her work as an anti-patriarchal medium, a claim manifested in the art objects she made (and unmade) and collected during her years living in London during the World War II bombings. The chapter demonstrates alternative feminist power structures, showing how needlework functions as a queer aesthetic of willful resistance through the paradoxes of trauma and repair across time.
Inky Depths
Authors: Elkins Amy E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
How do transnational histories connect to craft? What is the value of experimental praxis to literary studies? How might transnational craft archives intersect with the natural history of places? The third interchapter describes an experiential approach to these questions, discussing how the author learned traditional bobbin lacemaking on the Isle of Wight and collected lace bobbins in Ireland alongside experiments with ink and pigment. These archival experiences help theorize Jamaican writer Lorna Goodison’s writing about craft and her Irish ancestry. Examining a broadside crafted to commemorate Goodison’s retirement, this interchapter traces the endurance of fifteenth-century ink recipes alongside diasporic, Irish-Caribbean connections in feminist writing.
Handmaking the Digital
Authors: Elkins Amy E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This Coda constellates work by Zadie Smith and multimedia artist Sarah Sze to examine the confluence of the handmade and digital making. Working back through Virginia Woolf’s cartographic modernisms, it shows how contemporary artists and writers expand Woolf’s work into the global, multimedia present. Restructuring media hierarchies, Smith’s writing makes for a particularly striking comparative case study as she reroutes characters through Woolf’s fictional landscapes, developing ideas of art and craft into the technological present. Coming full circle to Woolf, the Coda exposes interwoven threads of craft, from early photographic negatives to recent digital forms, foregrounding the feminist complexity of transmedia making. Smith and Sze take familiar territory and begin to test its parameters, a conceptual and material practice central to contemporary craft studies’ interest in technological hybridity as an archival practice.
The Politics of Fin-de-Siècle Individualism
Authors: Murray Alex 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the politics of individualism as manifest across literature and politics at the fin de siècle. It argues that individualism was both central to the articulation of conservatism in opposition to the reforming zeal of liberalism and essential to Decadent literature’s challenge to the ‘tyranny of the majority’. The chapter takes as its focal point the importance of individualism for Oscar Wilde and the MP and later prime minister Arthur Balfour. Wilde was fascinated by Parliament and MPs, regularly lampooning them in his writings, while seeking out their favour in society. In his philosophical works Balfour was attempting to articulate an aestheticist conservatism that could preserve the stability of the past, while being open to evolutionary change and development. It was only, he intimates, by embracing social change that Victorian Britain could simultaneously preserve the past and avoid decline, a position he shared with Wilde.
Coda
Authors: Murray Alex 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This short coda concludes the book by comparing two different responses to the campaigns for women’s suffrage. The first is Arthur Symons’s unpublished farce The Superwomen, which lambasts women’s attempts to claim the franchise. Written when Symons was undergoing a nervous breakdown, the play is aesthetically challenging and unambiguously sexist. The second is Michael Field’s more nuanced concern that the struggle for political equality might threaten feminine emotional receptivity. These two responses provide an object lesson in the argument the book has made that Decadent conservatism is a complicated and multi-faceted response to modernity that should be taken seriously by scholars.
Turning Historian
Authors: Sloan John 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the years from 1894 to 1900, Lang caused a stir with his defence of the saintly Joan of Arc against the charge of imposture or delusion and with his sympathetic biography of John Gibson Lockhart at the expense of Blackwood’s Magazine. Lang’s ‘Pickle’ books, identifying the notorious spy for the Hanoverian government at the time of 1745 Jacobite uprising to be a respected Jacobite clan chief, outraged many in Scotland. Lang’s own loyalties were tested in writing the DNB entry on his grandfather, Patrick Sellar, and the part his grandfather had played in the Sutherland Clearances. More contentious still, Lang’s evidence in The Making of Religion for ‘high gods’ and belief in an ‘All-Father’ among ‘low races’ succeeded in offending both rational secularists and Catholic theologians, and brought him into dispute with the Folklore Society and anthropological circles. He continued to divide his time between combative scholarly works and the calmer waters of popular literature and journalism, collaborating with A. E. W Mason on a Jacobite thriller, Parson Kelly, penning a weekly causerie for the Illustrated London News, and giving rein to his cross-disciplinary interests in a bi-monthly ‘Notes on New Books’ in the newly launched Cosmopolis magazine. In 1899, after a delay caused by the Boer War, he published the first volume of his revisionary History of Scotland.
United Europe: The Historical Background
Authors: Wight Martin , YOST DAVID S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The movement toward a united Europe derived from the trials and consequences of the Second World War, the post-war fear of Germany, and the growing fear of Soviet Russia. Jean Monnet and many of the other founders of the European integration movement were exiles in London in 1940–1944, and they resolved to learn from the errors that had led to the war and its devastation. Diplomatic precautions against a revived German threat were soon followed by the establishment of the International Ruhr Authority in 1949 and the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951. The failure of the European Defense Community deliberations (1950–1954) opened the way to extending the Brussels Treaty to Italy and the Federal Republic of Germany and pursuing the latter’s armament within the NATO framework. The 1956 Spaak Report shifted the emphasis of the integration movement to the supranational principle endorsed in the 1957 Rome Treaty. De Gaulle championed a distinct approach, one of “residual nationalism,” sometimes called a “Europe des patries,” in which “the various fatherlands do not lose their identity, and indeed if truth be told do not lose their sovereignty.” The values of a united Europe are implicitly those of Western civilization, including essential concepts such as social justice and the “inherent dignity” of man. However, such “ideals have only matured fully in the countries of northern Europe” and constitute “a minority report by European history.” Platonic ideals and Christian revelation have been exploited to justify autocratic governments in Europe.
Eastern Europe in The World in March 1939
Authors: Wight Martin , YOST DAVID S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Owing to the collapse of four empires (Habsburg, Hohenzollern, Ottoman and Romanov) in the First World War, Eastern Europe in 1918–1939 included several new states. These successor states faced competition among themselves, internal social and political conflicts, and intervention by France, Italy, Germany, and the Soviet Union. To a greater degree than in Western Europe, Eastern European elites and peasantries retained memories of national grievances, glories, and “historic rights.” The hope that the weak states of Eastern Europe could combine to constitute a great power to block Soviet and German expansion was an illusion. Aside from the rivalries among these small states, one or more of them generally preferred alignment with a great power, partly owing to the influence of national minorities. Germany had economic advantages as the principal market for Eastern Europe’s agricultural surpluses and the most potent supplier of industrial products. Italy conducted “an active policy of intervention and disruption that was the conditioning factor in Balkan and Danubian politics until she was eclipsed by Nazi Germany.” Britain and France abdicated their responsibilities, notably to Czechoslovakia, at the 1938 Munich conference. Germany and Russia became the most influential determinants of the consequences for Eastern Europe. For example, Ukraine’s brief independence after Germany’s conquests could not be sustained; and Ukraine “was then swallowed up again in the Russian Power as a member of the Soviet Union—tracing a path which was to be followed or approached within a generation by most of the other successor states of Eastern Europe.”
Note on Partition
Authors: Wight Martin , YOST DAVID S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the late eighteenth century Austria, Prussia, and Russia partitioned Poland. In 1878 Albert Sorel predicted that these three powers “would be led by their jealousies and greed to find other fields of territorial expansion, other objects of partition.” The First World War devastated the great powers that had divided Poland: “Russia by revolution, Germany by defeat, Austria by defeat and national disintegration. The belt of small successor-states that appeared in Eastern Europe, half of whom were the debris of Austria-Hungary, became a new field of partition between Germany and Russia once they had resumed their Great Power status.” Germany and Russia partitioned Poland yet again in 1939–1940, and in the ensuing combat Moscow “acquired suzerainty, if not territorial possession, of the greater part of Eastern Europe, including most of the former domain of Austria.”
Review of Herbert Butterfield, History and Human Relations (London: Collins, 1951)
Authors: Wight Martin , YOST DAVID S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wight reports that this book has “two central themes”: “Human history is ultimately tragic in character, not melodramatic; compassion, not censure, is the right attitude towards it.” Wight points out that “Butterfield distinguishes two kinds of historiography: ‘heroic’ history—polemical, partisan, engagé—and ‘technical’ history. The latter term is misleading, since the real difference does not lie in techniques of documentary criticism so much as in moral purpose. Technical history unravels with compassionate comprehension the whole system of necessity within which past actions were framed, and seeks a reconciling synthesis. Technical history in this sense presupposes Christian conceptions of truth and personality, and general freedom of research; and consequently it is in considerable danger today from the erosion of beliefs and from subtle threats to the historian’s independence. Any historian who does not enjoy the seductions of Government patronage will like Butterfield’s urbane onslaught on ‘official history.’” Butterfield “gently asks” whether being “animated by hatred of Germany” can be “conducive to a comprehensive and durable historical interpretation.” In Wight’s view, Butterfield’s “chapter on history as a branch of literature is an admirably original and detached contribution to an old controversy.… The reader is left wishing that in due course Butterfield would illustrate his own principles in the grand manner, redeem technical history from his own reproaches, and reunite it with literature, by undertaking a large-scale history of, let us say, the Reformation, for which this rich, judicious and sensitive book will be the programme notes.”
Review of L. B. Namier, Avenues of History (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1952)
Authors: Wight Martin , YOST DAVID S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wight praised Namier’s “unique combination of technical accomplishment with span. Beside him, other historians seem either narrowly specialized (e.g. Neale, Rowse, Woodward) or eccentric in doctrine and method (e.g. Butterfield, Toynbee).” As Wight points out, Namier developed “the new technique which has already come to be known as ‘namierisation’—detailed comparative biography of parliamentary figures within their institutional setting.” Namier has worked in several fields, Wight notes: “Half this book consists of essays on European history since 1789. These are by the Namier who is our supreme authority both on the revolutions of 1848 and on the diplomatic prelude to the Second World War. And since he, alone of our historians, has Eastern Europe in his bones, it is proper that these essays should be informed by a judicial severity towards the monstrous history of German nationalism. The other half of the book is by the Namier who is the English conservative—who is, in a deep and serious sense, the most insular of living British historians. This is the master of parliamentary history.… But there is a third and ultimate spring, which becomes explicit in a just and sympathetic essay on Toynbee. As the great Swiss historian Burckhardt, though not formally a believer, worked within the pattern of his Christian inheritance, so Namier stands to Judaism.… It is from this source, beside which most other modern inspirations seem parvenu, strident and jejune, that this regal and rhadamanthine writer draws his central strength.”
Fictions of Fictitious Capital
Authors: Godden Richard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Patrick Bateman (American Psycho, 1991 [set 1989]) lives on the dash between the M’s (M−M1−M2), as represented by Marx’s formula for finance (or “fictitious”) capital. M differs from M1 (and so on) insofar as the increase (where 1 equals “more”) represents money made from money (or from financial instruments) rather than from production (or M−C−M, where C may be understood either as Commodity [produced, distributed, consumed] or as Capital [accumulated prior to investment in manufacture]). This chapter takes the financier Bateman’s preferred activities, brand display, torture, and the serial liquification of “hardbodies,” as quasi-allegorical representations of the working of finance capital during the Reagan presidency, and in a time of financial deregulation. The thin phenomenology of Bateman’s experience, an anxious experience of pain-making, fetishism, and disavowal, leaves traces of a means whereby fictitious capital might be critiqued.
Bret Easton Ellis, Lunar Park, and the Exquisite Corpse of Deficit Finance
Authors: Godden Richard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Lunar Park (2005) is read as exploring the consequences for authorship and nation of deficit finance dependency. “Ellis” presents his oeuvre as collateral for debt finance, from which securitized absence specters emerge to haunt him. Spectrality figures the key instruments (securitization and the derivative) from which finance capital accrues. Each instrument converts an absence (absence of payment; absence of underlier) into a presence, translating loss (debt unpaid; staple displaced) into an excessive something, apparently incarnated from nothing. The incarnations, whether an anthology of ghosts seeping from Ellis’s writings, or taking form as the detailed and spectacular excesses of a celebrity-author lifestyle, trail disavowed materials (that which is … and is not). Work by Freud and Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok, on mourning and melancholia enables a consideration of the haunting of Ellis, and by extension of the national debt, as expressions of a financial “unconscious.” I understand the “unconscious” not as a transhistorical entity, but currently as a materialization of the “underthought” or “unthinkable” practices of finance.
Afterword
Authors: Godden Richard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
My study has been much preoccupied with gaps, whether in the economy or in sentences and words—with breaks that punctuation seeks to negotiate in order to minimize ellipses, thereby forestalling the recognition that hesitations may be founded on omission and denial, tension between capital and labor. That which capital seeks most sustainedly to omit, deny, and condition remains the body of labor, even as it departs, a body systemically reduced, through abstraction and equivalence, to a vessel of abstract labor time and source of surplus value. Accordingly, Fictions of Finance at the End of an American Century attends to syntax, reopening gaps in order not simply to find where the broken bodies lie, but to identify the forces and relations that necessitate their breakage and secret burial. To focus on contradiction has been to dwell in a literary semantics formed from incompletion and incompatibility, read as local instances generated by an abiding and subtending class tension between capital and labor. Attuned to capital’s drive to condition or expel labor, close reading may overhear the unconditional as it forms from the conditional, doing so as a means to grounded critique. Critique, grounded by contradiction, as both participated in and registered by the subsemantic whisperings of a dialogically orientated language, takes edge from attending to the tonalities that subtend the seeming concreteness, or “real appearance” of “the sensuous [and] varied world” (Marx) produced by capital.
Prompts for (a Study of  ) Identifying with Characters
Authors: Ready Jonathan L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecurring features of the Homeric epics—from laudatory epithets to the descriptions of characters, from the characters’ existence as plurimedial figures to the narratological phenomenon of transference—prompt external audiences to identify with the characters. Close readings of Agamemnon’s speech in Iliad 4 to Diomedes about Tydeus and Nestor’s speech in Iliad 11 to Patroclus about his own feats as a young warrior show how characters strive to get internal audiences to identify with a character in the stories they tell. This feature of their tale telling suggests that the poet will also aim to have external audience members identify with his characters.
Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Immersion
Authors: Ready Jonathan L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpatially immersed recipients feel themselves in the storyworld; spatio-temporally immersed recipients feel themselves in the storyworld alongside the characters as the narrated events unfold. The Iliad encourages its audiences to experience spatial immersion in its presentation of its settings and its objects and people, in its handling of scene changes, and in its use of place names, this last item also making an essential contribution to the creation of a storyworld. The poem encourages spatio-temporal immersion by generating motor resonance and by its use of internal focalization, inclusive forms of address, similes, and various methods for presenting the speech of characters.
Introduction
Authors: Anthony David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Introduction examines economic antisemitism in antebellum culture, and in sensationalism most specifically. After tracing the historical background of the stereotype of the Jew as threatening moneylender and usurer, this section outlines the ways in which the sensational Jew acts less as a figure of alterity than as a doppelgänger for Gentile capitalist culture. In this, the sensational Jew embodies two fears. The first is “proteophobia”—the fear not of Otherness, but rather of disorder and ambivalence. The second is capitalist alienation. Narratives that stage the persecution of financially straitened Gentiles by Shylock-styled villains are in fact stories of Christian self-hatred. But the Introduction also outlines how stories about the threatening sensational Jew involve the fantasy of a capitalist economy that can be purged somehow of greed and avariciousness, that is, the very qualities said to inhere in the Jew. This notion of “capitalism without capitalism” is especially evident in sensationalism. The conceptual foundation for this book is that sensationalism is the cultural space that frequently offers the emotionally harrowing but also reassuring fantasy of the Jew as effigy, one that is burned down or driven out. But this oft-repeated dynamic reflects the anxiety by which it is driven. Ultimately, these texts give the lie to the ideal of a cleansable monetary system in the US and reflect instead a culture contending with a flawed and often chaotic capitalist world.
Rebuilding the World
Authors: Bollard Alan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter covers the later Second World War years when a group of US ‘New Dealer’ economists helped set the scene for the post-war economic revival; this included the Bretton Woods institutions, the Marshall Plan in Europe, and the various plans for German economic recovery. It highlights the role of Harry Dexter White, the US Deputy Treasury Secretary, who debated the institutions for the new world economy with British economist Maynard Keynes. White was also one of a covert group of Soviet sympathizer economists: he wanted a bipolar world led by the United States and the Soviet Union, but he ran into the era of anti-communist McCarthyism.
East Asian Growth
Authors: Bollard Alan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter 6 is about the Japanese economic recovery after the war. Many economists had spent the war years helping to provide the voracious Japanese war machine with resources. After the war, Saburo Okita and other economists led a national push to rebuild the domestic economy with policies such as the Income Doubling Plan helping to raise living standards. This approach was copied by many other East Asian economies, joining together in trade agreements, the so-called ‘flying geese’ pattern. Okita argued with Chinese Premier Chou En-lai about the real purpose of economic development: living standards for citizens or national security against invasion.