bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacillus coagulans alleviates hepatic injury caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits
Authors: Chen Xiaoguang , Wei Wenjuan , Yang Fan , Wang Jianing , Lv Qiongxia , Liu Yumei , Zhang Ziqiang 
Published: January 2025

Background
As an opportunistic bacterial pathogen, Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is prone to causing a spectrum of diseases in rabbits when their immune system is compromised, which poses a threat to rabbit breeding industry. Bacillus coagulans (BC), recognized as an effective probiotic, confers a variety of benefits including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Aim
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dietary BC can effectively alleviate hepatic injury caused by KP.

Methods
In this study, the rabbits were initially pretreated with varying doses of BC (1×106, 5×106, and 1×107 CFU/g), followed by a challenge with KP at a concentration of 1011 CFU/mL. Liver tissues were harvested and processed for histological assessment using H&E and VG stains to assess structural alterations. Biochemical assays were employed to quantify the enzymatic activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px, as well as the MDA content. Furthermore, ELISA was utilized to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokine (IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) and apoptotic-related gene (Bcl-2, Bax).

Results
Morphological observation indicated that BC can effectively mitigate KP-induced hepatic sinusoidal dilatation and congestion, as well as ameliorate the degree of hepatic fibrosis. Further analysis showed that BC significantly lowered MDA level in KP-treated rabbits, while enhanced the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px. Additionally, ELISA result showed that BC pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1β and pro-apoptotic gene Bax, while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 in KP-treated rabbits.

Conclusion
Above data indicate that BC supplementation effectively attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by KP through augmenting the activities of antioxidant enzymes and diminishing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors. Furthermore, it reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the liver, thereby inhibiting KP-induced apoptosis. The treatment group receiving 5x106 CFU/g BC benefitted most from the protective effect.
Disaccharidase Enzyme Deficiency in Adult Patients With Gas and Bloating
Authors: Kemple Brendan , Rao Satish S.C. 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:
Disaccharidases produced by the small intestinal brush border facilitate digestion of dietary carbohydrates. If deficient, they can cause carbohydrate malabsorption, resulting in several abdominal symptoms. Our aim was to examine the prevalence of disaccharidase deficiency and correlate this with abdominal symptoms in adult patients with chronic abdominal symptoms.

METHODS:
In a retrospective study, patients with gas and bloating and normal endoscopy and computed tomography scan were assessed for lactase, sucrase, maltase, palatinase, and glucoamylase activity. Nine common symptoms such as pain, cramping, constipation, belching, bloating, fullness, indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and gas were assessed for their frequency, intensity, and duration using a validated scale, and a total symptom index was calculated and compared. K-means cluster analysis was performed on lactase-deficient and pandeficient patients with deficiency in 3 or more enzymes.

RESULTS:
Four hundred ninety-six patients (78.4% female) were enrolled of whom 143 (28.8%) had single enzyme deficiency, 9 (1.8%) had double enzyme deficiency, and 48 (9.7%) were pandeficient. The mean symptom prevalence and its severity were not significantly different between those with or without disaccharidase deficiency. Patients with pandeficiency did not have worse symptoms than those with single or double enzyme deficiency. No single symptom was more prevalent in patients with confirmed enzyme deficiency than those without. Three groups were identified in cluster analysis of pandeficient patients with one group demonstrating significantly lower average symptoms of cramping, indigestion, and nausea.

DISCUSSION:
Disaccharidase deficiency is common in adults presenting with gas, bloating, distention, and pain. Because these deficiencies are treatable with enzyme supplements or diet, an evaluation for disaccharidase deficiency should be routinely considered.
“Personal Is Political” Kekerasan Seksual: Baseline Study Untuk Rekomendasi Kebijakan
Authors: Khafsoh Nur Afni , Andayani  , Hanjarwati Astri 
Published: January 2025

Abstrak
Fenomena kekerasan seksual yang terjadi di perguruan tinggi marak terjadi meskipun dalam beberapa sebab tidak terpublikasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sejauh mana relasi kuasa dan normalisasi kekerasan seksual di Perguruan Tinggi, serta seberapa jauh “Personal is Political” menjadi fenomena kekerasan seksual di pendidikan tinggi. Penelitian ini juga menyajikan rekomendasi kebijakan bagi lembaga dalam penanganan kekerasan seksual di perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode angket dan wawancara secara FGD kepada penyintas maupun civitas akademika lainnya. Hasil dari baseline study menunjukkan bahwa bentuk kekerasan seksual yang terjadi meliputi fisik, verbal, KGBO. Pelaku kekerasan seksual mulai dari mahasiwa, tendik hingga dosen. Personal is Political diindikasikan melalui normalisasi kekerasan seksual bahkan menyalahkan korban. Relasi kuasa (Dosen-Mahasiswa, Senior-Junior, Pegawai-Mahasiswa) menambah lemahnya posisi korban untuk mendapatkan keadilan. Pelaku memanfaatkan otoritas yang ia miliki untuk memanipulasi korban sedemikian rupa sehingga korban sangat takut untuk melawan. Rekomendasi yang ditawarkan meliputi perubahan kebijakan, aksi kolektif, gerakan sosial.
Kata Kunci : Kekerasan Seksual, Perguruan Tinggi, Personal is Political, Power Relations
[The phenomenon of sexual violence occurring in universities is widespread, although for several reasons it is not publicized. This research aims to examine the extent of power relations and the normalization of sexual violence in higher education, as well as the extent to which "Personal is Political" has become a phenomenon of sexual violence in higher education. This research also presents policy recommendations for institutions in handling sexual violence in higher education. This research was conducted using questionnaires and FGD interviews with survivors and other academics. The results of the baseline study show that the forms of sexual violence that occurred included physical, verbal, KGBO. Perpetrators of sexual violence range from students, staff to lecturers. Personal is Political is indicated through the normalization of sexual violence and even blaming the victim. Power relations (Lecturer-Student, Senior-Junior, Employee-Student) increase the weakness of the victim's position in obtaining justice. The perpetrator uses the authority he has to manipulate the victim in such a way that the victim is too afraid to fight back. The recommendations offered include policy changes, collective action, social movements.
Keywords: Sexual Violence, Higher Education, Personal is Political, Power Relation]
Scaling up and dissemination of pre-service education in mental, neurological, and substance use disorders: the way moving forward
Authors: Lin Yiheng , Zhong Na , Wang Zhen , Xie Bin , Xu Yifeng , Zhao Min , Long Jiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mental, neurological, and substance use (MNS) disorders pose a significant global health challenge, requiring urgent integration of care into pre-service education (PSE) for medical and nursing students. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a competency-based framework, supported by the “Enhancing mental health pre-service training with the mhGAP Intervention Guide”, to equip future healthcare providers with essential skills to address MNS conditions effectively. This manuscript outlines the PSE-MNS approach, focusing on defining competencies, developing tailored curricula, and training educators to implement these initiatives. The 2024 Shanghai Workshop convened stakeholders to refine strategies for global dissemination and implementation. Key priorities include stakeholder engagement, leveraging resources such as digital learning tools, and addressing challenges like stigma and limited educational capacity. Facilitators include supportive policies, interdisciplinary collaborations, and existing WHO initiatives. WHO Collaborating Centres (WHOCCs) are instrumental in driving these efforts by promoting partnerships and knowledge exchange. Scaling PSE-MNS programs worldwide is critical for enhancing healthcare quality, fostering equity, and empowering providers to meet the diverse needs of communities. Strategic advocacy, continuous evaluation, and local adaptability will ensure the sustainable integration of MNS care into global health systems.
Differences in mortality risk by levels of physical activity among persons with disabilities in South Korea
Authors: Lee SeungCheor , Lee Yeowool , Park Saengryeol , Park So-Youn , Oh In-Hwan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aim
The World Health Organization’s recommendation of at least 150 min of physical activity per week is important for increasing the lifespan of persons with disabilities (PWDs).

Methods
Conduct a survival analysis to examine the relationship between physical activity and mortality using cohort data from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea from 2017 to 2021. The survival analysis included 259,146 PWDs, with a maximum follow-up of 57 months, and adjustments for covariates, including physical activity level, comorbidities, smoking, and alcohol consumption.

Results
People who exercised >150 min weekly had a lower risk of death compared to those who exercised less (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 0.727, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.674–0.784). The risk of death increased with increasing age (AHR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.077–1.083), smokers had a higher risk of death than non-smokers (AHR: 1.487, 95% CI: 1.396–1.583), and the risk of death increased with increasing Charlson comorbidity index scores (AHR: 1.228, 95% CI: 1.22–1.237).

Conclusion
Even after adjusting for socioeconomic and other risk factors, PWDs who are physically inactive have a higher risk of death. Customized physical activity policies for PWDs are needed to reduce health inequities.
Synthesis and crystal structure of-(3S,10S,13S,17S)-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-10,13-dimethyl-17-((R)-1-(phenylamino)ethyl)hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[α]phenanthren-3-amine, C34H48N2O
Authors: Li Lu-Lu , Wei Peng , Ye Jiang-Hai , Zou Juan , He Kang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
C34H48N2O, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.4541(3) Å, b = 12.5937(5) Å, c = 34.8855(12) Å, V = 2835.5(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0665, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1961, T = 297(2) K.
Crystal structure of 7-(diethylamino)-3-(benzoyl)-2
H
-chromen-2-one, C20H19NO3
Authors: Chen Yahong , Wang Jing , Wang Ruoya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
C20H19NO3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 8.2965(7) Å, b = 12.5111(11) Å, c = 16.2899(15) Å, V = 1,690.9(3) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0582, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1257, T = 298.8(6) K.
MHD radiative mixed convective flow of a sodium alginate-based hybrid nanofluid over a convectively heated extending sheet with Joule heating
Authors: Yasmin Humaira , Bossly Rawan , Alduais Fuad S. , Al-Bossly Afrah , Saeed Anwar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The study of hybrid nanofluids is significant in thermal management applications by optimizing heat transfer through pioneering materials, mainly the flow of sodium alginate-based hybrid nanofluids. This work addresses the demand for effective cooling solutions in a variety of industrial processes and uses the unique characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids and their inferences for rheological modeling and heat transform enhancement. Inspired by the progressive properties of the non-Newtonian Casson fluid and its applied significance in the rheological modeling and heat transfer characteristics of different dynamic fluids, there is limited knowledge of their response in the mixed convective flow, particularly when influenced by factors like thermal radiation, joule heating, and thermal relaxation time. The present study aims to investigate the heat transfer enhancement of the mixed convective flow of a sodium alginate-based hybrid nanofluid on an extending sheet concentrating on the interaction of different physical parameters that affect thermal performance. The physical phenomena are modeled in a nonlinear partial differential equation, which is then converted into ordinary differential equations with the help of suitable similarity variables. Tables and figures are constructed to show the behavior of the physical parameters involved in the momentum and temperature equations. Premilinary assumptions applied to the flow are electrically conducting, rotating, dissipative, and thermal boundary conditions. A semi-analytical approach homotopy analysis method is employed to obtain the solution of the problem. The outcome witnessed that the velocity profiles show a diminishing behavior through a magnetic parameter; however, the temperature profile shows an escalating behavior. Similarly, the thermal plot intensifies with the Eckert number and thermal radiation. In addition, the numerical data from the tables portrayed that the skin friction decreases with the Casson parameter and the rotation parameter; however, an improvement behavior is noticed in the Nusselt number through thermal radiation and thermal Biot number. From the numerical data, it is concluded that the hybrid nanofluid has superior heat transfer characteristics compared to nanofluid. The finding of this result has also been compared with available results in the literature through a comparative study.
Offering food and alcohol in Chinese and English: a contrastive pragmatic perspective
Authors: House Juliane , Kádár Dániel Z. , Xia Zongfeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we compare conventions of offering food and alcohol in Chinese and English. We define offering as an interaction ritual because in many linguacultures, food and drink are offered by following certain conventions, the observing of which is a ritually sacred duty for the host. Foreign residents in China are often irritated by Chinese conventions of offering food and drink. We try to explain such irritations by investigating how Chinese and ‘Western’ offering conventions differ from one another. Our framework brings together speech acts and interaction ritual theory. We first present relevant experiences of English-speaking foreigners living in China. We then conduct a contrastive pragmatic study of English and Chinese food and alcohol offering conventions, followed by an interpretation of the irritations reported by our panel of foreigners through our contrastive outcomes.
Right-lateralization of the visual word form area after left-hemisphere perinatal stroke
Authors: Seydell-Greenwald Anna , Vladyko Natalya , Chambers Catherine E , Gaillard William D , Landau Barbara , Newport Elissa L 
Published: January 2025

In literate adults, an area along the left posterior fusiform gyrus that is often referred to as the “visual word form area” (VWFA) responds particularly strongly to written characters compared to other visually similar stimuli. Theoretical accounts differ in whether they attribute the strong left-lateralization of the VWFA to a left-hemisphere bias towards visual features used in script, to competition of visual word form processing with that of other visual stimuli processed in the same general cortical territory (especially faces), or to the well-established left-lateralization of the language system.Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to test the last hypothesis by investigating lateralization of the VWFA in participants (male and female) who have right-hemisphere language due to a large left-hemisphere perinatal stroke. Demographically matched Controls were included for comparison. All participants had intact language skills and were proficient readers; age at testing ranged from 9.75 years to early adulthood.Individual whole-brain activation maps contrasting activation during rapid presentation of pseudowords and pictures of places, and analyses comparing activations during these conditions in independently defined VWFA regions of interest in left and right ventral occipitotemporal cortex, both demonstrated that while visual word form processing was left-lateralized in Controls, it was right-lateralized in participants with left-hemisphere stroke. This was despite the fact that the tissue normally occupied by the VWFA was not damaged by the stroke. This provides compelling evidence that the lateralization of the VWFA indeed follows that of the frontotemporal language system.Significance StatementThe visual word form area (VWFA) in healthy adults is almost always lateralized to the left hemisphere. One hypothesis is that this is due to co-localization with the LH language network. This study provides support for this hypothesis from a rare participant group with RH language; we find that their VWFA is also right-lateralized. Our findings also support the notion that the hemispheres are equipotential early in life, with a fully functional language system – including the VWFA – able to develop in the RH if the LH is damaged. These findings contribute to our understanding of functional brain organization and plasticity, with potential implications for rehabilitation approaches for adults with reading impairments due to acquired brain injury.
Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in the context of interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Jordan Victoria , Pickles Robert 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInterferon-gamma (IFN-γ) autoantibody syndrome is an emerging clinical entity that has been associated with disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection (dNTM) particularly in healthy young people, a population not previously thought to be at particular risk. A 29-year-old South-East Asian man presented with several weeks of fever, cough, lymphadenopathy, and constitutional symptoms while working on an international cargo ship, deteriorating rapidly with a sepsis-like syndrome. Eventually lymph node and sputum cultures revealed a diagnosis of dNTM infection with growth of both Mycobacterium persicum and Mycobacterium abscessus. He was commenced on rituximab as well as combination anti-mycobacterial therapy with good clinical response. This case highlights some of the difficulties faced by patients with dNTM in the context of IFN-γ autoantibodies, particularly delayed diagnosis, and lack of evidence base surrounding optimal management. Further research into long-term outcomes and treatment is required as well as increased awareness among clinicians.
Análisis químico de la degradación del naranja ácido 52 aplicando Tecnologías Avanzadas de Oxidación
Authors: Jaramillo Sierra Bethsabet , Díaz Martínez Alexander , Mercado Cabrera Antonio , Ibañez Olvera Mario 
Published: January 2025

Se realizó la degradación del colorante naranja ácido 52 (NA) aplicando diversas Tecnologías Avanzadas de Oxidación, se utilizó un reactor de recirculación de configuración cilíndrica, la concentración inicial del NA fue de 20 mg/L en 400 mL de solución, el tiempo de tratamiento fue de 60 minutos, tomando muestras cada 10 minutos y analizándolo por espectrometría UV-vis. Se determinó el efecto de los agentes oxidantes utilizados en sistemas individuales y sinérgicos, el tiempo de tratamiento, el pH final, la generación de CO2 y el cambio de la coloración de las muestras. Se obtuvieron eficiencias de hasta 99% al utilizar el método de O3/1 mL H2O2/UV y 60 minutos, el pH final fue de 2.9 atribuido a la generación de subproductos, se obtuvieron 35 mg/L de CO2 al finalizar el proceso lo que indica que se alcanzó un porcentaje de mineralización, finalmente se observó una disminución del 100% del color.
DILEMA KEAMANAN ANTARA TIONGKOK DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DI KAWASAN INDO-PACIFIC
Authors: Adipratama Agung Kurnia 
Published: January 2025

Pertumbuhan ekonomi Tiongkok yang luar biasa dari tahun 1978 hingga 2010-an telah memungkinkan Beijing untuk memperbesar kekuatan militernya. Hal ini telah membuat Tiongkok menjadi lebih makmur dan lebih kuat dari sebelumnya. Hal ini juga menggeser keseimbangan kekuatan di kawasan Indo-Pasifik, terutama ketika Amerika Serikat telah menjadi kekuatan dominan sejak berakhirnya Perang Dingin. Selama tahun yang berbeda Amerika Serikat memiliki persepsi yang berbeda dalam mengomentari kebangkitan Tiongkok. Sejak tahun 2020, hubungan antara kedua negara telah meruncing ketika Menteri Luar Negeri Tiongkok saat itu Wang Yi menyebutkan munculnya kembali mentalitas "Perang Dingin". Esai ini menggunakan contoh dari studi kasus dan interaksi antara pemimpin dan aktor sosial. Esai ini akan membahas secara luas tentang kebangkitan Tiongkok dan reaksi Amerika Serikat terhadapnya. Lebih jauh, akan dijelaskan bagaimana dilema keamanan antara kedua negara terjadi yang berasal dari dua faktor yang disebutkan di atas. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa kebangkitan Tiongkok yang secara terbukti menggeser keseimbangan kekuatan adalah melalui hadirnya militer Tiongkok di Laut Tiongkok Selatan. Tiongkok telah menggunakan kekuatan militer, diplomatik, dan ekonomi untuk memengaruhi realitas di lapangan. Ini adalah realitas yang harus diterima Amerika Serikat dengan sukarela dan upaya mengubah arah keseimbangan kekuatan telah menjadi norma bagi Washington. Pada ujung tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa dilema keamanan terjadi pada kedua negara karena keduanya saling curiga.
Towards estimating the proportion of dead and missing vines at the field level
Authors: Oger Baptiste , Laurent Cécile , Vismara Philippe , Tisseyre Bruno 
Published: January 2025

This work aimed to improve practices for estimating dead and missing vines, particularly when these estimations are made via sampling. Vine mortality is a well-known phenomenon that many studies have attempted to better explain, but only a few have focused on estimating the number of dead and missing vines at the field-level, which remains a challenging task for grapegrowers. The present article aimed to determine to what extend an increased an increased sampling effort improves estimation accuracy and thus help practitioners define a sample size adapted to vineyard properties and the accuracy expected by the grower. The first part of the study investigated whether vineyard properties (year of planting and variety) and available ancillary data (soil resistivity and fraction of vegetation cover [Fcover]) can provide a priori information on the proportion of dead and missing vines and guide the sampling strategy. The analysis was based on an exhaustive dataset created by individually mapping 14,199 dead and missing vines across 29 fields in a 20 ha vineyard. In this vineyard, regression models showed an increase in dead and missing vines of around 2.2 % per year from the tenth year onwards. Plantation year, variety and vigour (assessed by Fcover) were identified as providing valuable prior information on the proportion of dead and missing vines within the fields. The second part of the study focused on characterising the estimation error values that can result from these estimations. It focuses on sampling estimation, highlighting to what extent field properties (such as the number of dead and missing vines and their spatial autocorrelation) affect the accuracy of estimates. The results showed that the same sampling protocol can result in different accuracies from one field to another. Thus, they underline the importance of leveraging prior information, such as available field data, to tailor sampling efforts accordingly. Based on these results, this article introduces new guidelines to facilitate the estimation of the proportion of dead and missing vines in vineyards.