bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting and Imaging Mitochondria with a Novel Cyanine-based Fluorescent Dye and Its Application to Whole Brain Imaging
Authors: Yan Xin , Chen Xinqian , Shan Zhiying , Bi Lanrong 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTIn vivo, brain imaging poses several challenges due to the complexity of brain tissue and the requirements for effective and safe imaging. In this manuscript, we reported on developing a new fluorescent dye, Cy5-PEG2, that can selectively accumulate in mitochondria, allowing us to visualize these organelles in different cell lines. Its versatility makes it broadly applicable in various experimental conditions, including monitoring mitochondrial dynamics in living cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that the Cy5-PEG2 dye could penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), making it a promising tool for in vivo brain imaging. We further examined the response of glial cells in the hippocampus and neocortex regions of the brain through biomarkers GFAP and Iba1 but found no significant increase in their expression levels. This indicates that Cy5-PEG2 dye had no noticeable adverse effects on the brain’s immune response or neuronal health. We anticipate such a mitochondria-targeting fluorescent dye can be used to facilitate the study of mitochondrial dynamics and function in the context of whole-brain physiology and disease progression. Further research into the safety and efficacy of this dye may be necessary.
STASCAN deciphers fine-resolution cell-distribution maps in spatial transcriptomics by deep learning
Authors: Wu Ying , Zhou Jia-Yi , Yao Bofei , Cui Guanshen , Zhao Yong-Liang , Gao Chun-Chun , Yang Ying , Zhang Shihua , Yang Yun-Gui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies have been widely applied to decode the spatial distribution of cells by resolving gene expression profiles in tissues. However, a fine-resolved spatial cell map is still limited by algorithmic tools and sequencing techniques.ResultsHere we develop a novel deep learning approach, STASCAN, which could define the spatial cellular distribution of both captured and uncharted areas by cell feature learning that combines gene expression profiles and histology images. STASCAN additionally adopts optional transfer learning and pseudo-labeling methods to improve the accuracy of the cell-type prediction from images. We have successfully applied STASCAN to enhance cell resolution, and revealed finer organizational structures across diverse datasets from various species and tissues generated from 10× Visium technology. STASCAN improves cell resolution ofSchmidtea mediterraneadatasets by six times and reconstructs more detailed 3D cell-type models. Furthermore, STASCAN could accurately pinpoint the boundaries of distinct cell layers in human intestinal tissue, specifically identify a micrometer-scale smooth muscle bundle structure in consistent with anatomic insights in human lung tissue, and redraw the spatial structural variation with enhanced cell patterns in human myocardial infarction tissue. Additionally, through STASCAN on embryonic mouse brain datasets generated by DBiT-derived MISAR-seq technology, the increased cellular resolution and distinct anatomical tissue domains with cell-type niches are revealed. Collectively, STASCAN is compatible with different ST technologies and has notable advantages in generating cell maps solely from histology images, thereby enhancing the spatial cellular resolution.ConclusionsIn short, STASCAN displays significant advantages in deciphering higher-resolution cellular distribution, resolving enhanced organizational structures and demonstrating its potential applications in exploring cell-cell interactions within the tissue microenvironment.
Digital spatial profiling of RNA in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors highlights the distinct profile of α-SMA positive stroma and its impact on surrounding tumor cells
Authors: Niedra Helvijs , Peculis Raitis , Saksis Rihards , Vilisova Sofija , Breiksa Austra , Gerina-Berzina Aija , Earl Julie , Ruz-Caracuel Ignacio , Rosas Marta G. , Rovite Vita 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveAlpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in stroma is linked to the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts and is known to correlate with worse outcomes in various tumors. In this study, using a digital spatial profiling approach, we characterized the gene expression profiles of the tumor and α-SMA positive stromal cell compartments in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET) tissues.MethodsThe profiling was performed in tissues from eight retrospective cases (Three Grade 1, four Grade 2, and one Grade 3) where the segmentation was done based on tissue morphology and synaptophysin (tumor), α-SMA (stroma) marker expression.ResultsThe stromal cell-associated genes were mainly involved in pathways of extracellular matrix modification, while in tumor cells, the gene expression profiles were primarily associated with the pathways involved in cell proliferation. The comparison of gene expression profiles across all three PanNET grades revealed that heterogeneity is not only present within the tumor but also in the α-SMA positive stromal cells. Furthermore, the comparison of tumor cells adjacent versus non-adjacent to α-SMA positive stromal cells revealed an upregulation ofMMP9in G3 tumor analysis.ConclusionsOverall, this study provides an in-depth characterization of gene expression profiles in both stroma and tumor cells of PanNETs and outlies potential crosstalk mechanisms.
Roads to recovery in remote working. Exploration of the perceptions of energy-consuming elements of remote work and self-promoted strategies toward psychological detachment
Authors: Pensar Heini , Mäkelä Liisa 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis paper examines an employee's recovery process in the remote-working context. It explores which elements of remote work are energy-consuming for employees and what action they can take to instigate the essential recovery strategy of psychological detachment.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a qualitative research approach based on 89 semi-structured interviews with employees working from home with six large corporations from multiple industries. The data were interpreted using thematic analysis.FindingsThe study identifies a main theme – the energy-consuming elements of remote work – and three sub-themes: extended working hours, intensive working and reduced social support. Each theme incorporates elements controlled by individuals (internal) and those beyond their control (external). Second, the authors identified strategies that helped individuals to detach from work, and devised four sub-themes, the authors labeled cognitive controlling, physical disconnection from work, time-bound routines and non-work activities.Originality/valueThis is the first study to focus on recovery as a process in the context of remote working, and it contributes to the knowledge of psychological detachment and strategies for recovery and to the literature on contemporary remote working.
The impact of climate risk on accounting conservatism: evidence from developing countries
Authors: Khalifa Maha , Zouaoui Haykel , Ben Othman Hakim , Hussainey Khaled 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThe authors examine the effect of climate risk on accounting conservatism for a sample of listed companies operating in 26 developing countries.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the Climate Risk Index (CRI) developed by Germanwatch to capture the severity of losses due to extreme weather events at the country level. The authors use different approaches to measure firm-level accounting conservatism.FindingsThe authors find that greater climate risk leads to a lower level of accounting conservatism. The results hold even after using different estimation methods.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the authors' analysis is limited to the period 2007–2016, it could be helpful for standard setters such as International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and International Sustainable Standards Board (ISSB) as they may consider the potential effect of climate risk in their international standards.Practical implicationsThe negative impacts of climate risk on the quality of financial reporting as proxied by accounting conservatism could trigger regulators and standard setters to require disclosure of information relating to climate risks and to incorporate climate-related risks in their risk management systems. In addition, for policymakers, incorporating accounting conservatism as a financial quality reporting standard could help promote greater transparency, accuracy and reliability in financial reporting in the context of climate risk.Originality/valueThe authors add to the literature on international differences in accounting conservatism by showing that climate risk significantly affects unconditional and conditional conservatism. The authors' results provide fresh evidence of the dark side of climate change. That is, climate risk is shown to decrease financial reporting quality.
How to discover consumer attention to design topics of fast fashion: a topic modeling approach
Authors: Pan Xuwei , Li Jihu , Luo Jianhong , Zhan Wenbang 
Published: September 2023

PurposeIt is widely known that fast-fashion retailers are struggling to keep up with consumer attention for quick responses within the fashion industry. With the advance of Internet and e-commerce, consumers prefer to purchase online. Online platform information has become an essential source for exploring consumer attention. However, there is often a mismatch between the information provided by retailers and the feedback received from consumers, leading to an imbalance between the supply side and demand side of online information. The purpose of this study is therefore to provide a unified approach to discover consumer attention from the design topic aspect by revealing the information imbalance between supply side and demand side.Design/methodology/approachTo address the issue of online information imbalance and discover consumer attention, this study proposed an approach that focuses on the design topic perspective. The design topic is a collection of design elements that represent a clothing-design feature more comprehensively and accurately compared to a single design element. The proposed approach begins with generating design topics through topic modeling based on online information provided by retailers on e-commerce platforms. Two indicators, influence degree and attention degree, are then used to quantify the intensity of supply information and consumer attention related to design topics. Finally, design topic strategy diagrams are constructed to reveal information imbalance and discover consumer attention.FindingsThe experimental case demonstrates the existence of information imbalance, indicating that the intensity of supply information and consumer attention from the perspective of design topics is not uniform, although both follow the Pareto principle. The results of consumer attention distribution with heavy power-law tails are consistent with current research findings. This further demonstrates that the proposed approach is capable of discovering consumer attention in the design topic strategy diagrams.Practical implicationsThe issue of information imbalance between retailers and consumers poses a challenge in keeping up with customer attention. The proposed approach offers a practical solution by visually identifying the symptoms of information imbalance and discovering consumer attention through design topic strategy diagrams. This approach provides fast-fashion retailers with a valuable reference to seize market opportunities, improve product design and adjust marketing or management strategies.Originality/valueThis study proposes a novel approach to disclose the issue of information imbalance between supply side and demand side and therefore to discover consumer attention from the perspective of design topics. In addition, guidelines for applying the proposed approach for fast-fashion marketing and management are presented.
Extension of the zone method for the design of circular and tubular concrete columns subjected to a standard fire
Authors: Krybus David , Achenbach Marcus , Prifti Livia 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThe paper aims to deal with the enhancement of a simplified method for the design of concrete columns subject to fire toward applications on circular and tubular cross-sections. The original zone method, developed by Hertz as a plastic design method, has been extended by Achenbach for the use as a nonlinear method. This proposed extended zone method (EZM) is verified by checking the theoretical background and is successfully validated by the recalculation of laboratory tests.Design/methodology/approachThe zone method assumes a reduction of a cross-section by a “damaged” zone. The remaining area is modeled with the constant, temperature-dependent material properties. The equations for the calculation of the damaged zone to model the loss of cross-section resistance or stiffness are derived. The proposed equations are validated by the recalculation of laboratory test and compared to the results of the advanced method (AM).FindingsIt can be shown that the EZM is suitable for the check of the fire resistance of circular concrete columns and leads to a safe and economic design. The method provides a suitable alternative to more sophisticated AM. The further extension toward tubular spun columns is discussed und is the object of the ongoing research.Originality/valuePresented enhancement extends the range of applications of the EZMs toward circular and tubular cross sections, which has previously not been examined.
Forecasting the impact of financial stress on hedging between the oil market and GCC financial markets
Authors: Mezghani Taicir , Boujelbène Mouna , Boutouria Souha 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis paper investigates the predictive impact of Financial Stress on hedging between the oil market and the GCC stock and bond markets from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2020. The authors also compare the hedging performance of in-sample and out-of-sample analyses.Design/methodology/approachFor the modeling purpose, the authors combine the GARCH-BEKK model with the machine learning approach to predict the transmission of shocks between the financial markets and the oil market. The authors also examine the hedging performance in order to obtain well-diversified portfolios under both Financial Stress cases, using a One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) model.FindingsAccording to the results, the in-sample analysis shows that investors can use oil to hedge stock markets under positive Financial Stress. In addition, the authors prove that oil hedging is ineffective in reducing market risks for bond markets. The out-of-sample results demonstrate the ability of hedging effectiveness to minimize portfolio risk during the recent pandemic in both Financial Stress cases. Interestingly, hedgers will have a more efficient hedging performance in the stock and oil market in the case of positive (negative) Financial Stress. The findings seem to be confirmed by the Diebold-Mariano test, suggesting that including the negative (positive) Financial Stress in the hedging strategy displays better out-of-sample performance than the in-sample model.Originality/valueThis study improves the understanding of the whole sample and positive (negative) Financial Stress estimates and forecasts of hedge effectiveness for both the out-of-sample and in-sample estimates. A portfolio strategy based on transmission shock prediction provides diversification benefits.
Natural dyeing of khadi cotton using rare earth salts as mordant with annatto extract
Authors: Vankar Padma S. , Begum Afreen 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Replacing conventional mordants by benign mordants, rare earth (RE) salts have been used in the process of natural dyeing with annatto seed extract. The purpose was threefold – first, to increase the dye uptake through these new mordants; second, to have better fastness properties of dyed swatches and third, to have lesser effluent pollution, as the new RE mordants are used in one-tenth quantities only.

Design/methodology/approach
Sustainable natural dyeing was attained by using RE salts as mordant in one-tenth quantity, for natural dyeing, replacing the conventional mordants such as alum and ferrous sulphate. Annatto extract has been used as natural dye.

Findings
Through the study, it was inferred that the natural dyeing using annatto seed extract gives very good colour depth on the dyed swatches and also shows marked improvement in fastness properties.

Research limitations/implications
Research implication is that often it is expected that any new chemical used in the textile processing adds on to the effluent load; however, contrary to that, this study found that the use of RE salt is very beneficial as it is used in smaller quantities, but gives far better dyeing results.

Practical implications
RE salts can be used in natural dyeing without causing any harm to the environment and dyers.

Social implications
Use of RE salts in natural dyeing is a new concept. It is a very safe technology and can be used without causing any harm to the environment and the dyers.

Originality/value
This study is unique as it focuses on the use of RE salts in natural dyeing replacing the conventional mordants, which are used ten times more in quantity.
Electrical, morphological, optical and mathematical simulations equations studies in CAZO, CZO, AZO and ZNO films
Authors: Dalouji Vali , Rahimi Nasim 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
In this paper, it can be seen from AFM images of the as-deposited ZnO and CZO films, and the particle size and shape are not clear, while by increasing annealing temperature, they become distinguishable. By increasing temperature to 600°C, ZnO and CZO, CAZO and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films particles became almost spherical. Due to high content of Cu in CZO target, and of Al in AZO target which was 5% weight ratio, doping plays a great role in the subject. Therefore, the annealing processing strongly affect the size and the shape of nanoparticles.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors tried to study, in detail, nobel optical characterizations of ZnO films doped by transition metals in different annealing temperature. The authors found that the values of skin depth, optical density, electron–phonon interaction, steepness parameter, band tail width, direct and indirect carriers transitions and the dissipation factor, free carriers density and roughness of films affect the optical properties, especially the optical absorptions of ZnO films doped by transition metals. Also these properties were affected by annealing temperatures. The authors also found that topography characterizations strongly were affected by these parameters.

Findings
The CZO films have maximum value of coordination number ß, with considering NC = 4, Za = 2, Ne = 8. The CZO films annealed at 500 °C have maximum value of optical density. The as-deposited CAZO films have maximum value of steepness parameters in about of 0.13 eV. The as-deposited AZO films have maximum value of dispersion energy Ed in about of 5.75 eV. Optical gap and disordering energy plots of films can be fitted by linear relationships Eg = 0.49 + 0.2 EU and Eg = 0.52 + 0.5 EU, respectively.

Originality/value
With considering Nc = 4, Za = 2, Ne = 8 for ZnO films, coordination number ß has maximum value of 0.198. CZO nanocomposites films annealed at 500°C have maximum value of optical density. Different linear fitting of ln (α) for films were obtained as y = Ax + B where 5<A < 17 and 5<B < 12. As-deposited CAZO nanocomposites films have minimum value of electron phonon interaction in about of 4.91 eV. Optical gap and disordering energy plots can be fitted by linear relationships Eg = 0.49 + 0.2 EU and Eg = 0.52 + 0.5 EU for as-deposited films and films annealed at 500°C, respectively. Steepness parameters of as-deposited CAZO nanocomposites films have maximum value of 0.13 eV. Dispersion energy Ed for as-deposited AZO nanocomposites films has maximum value of 5.75 eV.
Krishivan agri tourism: challenges for sustainability
Authors: Purandare Shraddha 
Published: September 2023

Research methodology
The case has been tested and proved significant as a part of executive educative courses. Students and participants are pushed to consider practical options. The audience for this case study could be BBA students, MBA students, postgraduate management students or students who chose marketing as their area of specialization.
• Strategic management courses/modules at the intermediate level.
• Marketing management courses/modules at the entry/intermediate level.
When the instructor wants to discuss marketing models like segmentation, targeting, positioning (STP) or marketing strategy model during the course, he or she may use this example.

Case overview/synopsis
This instructor’s manual accompanies the case entitled “Krishivan Agri Tourism: Challenges for Sustainability.” This case study highlights the entrepreneur’s struggles with his resort’s limited audience, lower weekday occupancy and weekday reach. The government’s declaration of a lockdown and the COVID-19 epidemic ultimately led to financial losses and stressed cash flow. The businessman understood the enormous potential of the Indian agritourism market. It was a turbulent time for him to evaluate his strategies to sustain in the market. The case illustrates the owner’s struggle to survive and prosper in a commercial setting. The scenario can be used by the instructors to talk about risk mitigation strategies such as promotion, marketing and strategy analysis. Readers must consider difficulties related to corporate success strategically. The proposed responses to the discussion questions in the instructors’ manual are provided here. It can be taught in management courses to handle topics like marketing management, strategic marketing, STP and entrepreneurship, among others.

Complexity academic level
Marketing management and strategic marketing in Management courses at the intermediate level.
Burrowing depth mediates the extent of metabolic suppression in a soil‐overwintering insect
Authors: Turnbull Kurtis F. , McNeil Jeremy N. , Sinclair Brent J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Conserving energy through winter is important for the fitness of temperate insects. While insects can use buffered microhabitats, metabolic suppression or decreases in the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate to override seasonal‐scale thermal trends, the relative importance of these strategies for limiting energy use by insects overwintering in soil remains underexplored.

We used a combined laboratory, field and simulation approach to investigate the overwintering energetics of the western bean cutworm (Striacosta albicosta), a univoltine lepidopteran pest of dry beans and corn that overwinters underground as a dormant prepupa.

We hypothesised that (1) the selection of thermally buffered microhabitats (i.e. deeper soil sites) reduces energy use in early autumn and late spring, and that (2) changes in the metabolic rate–temperature relationship reduce the impact of elevated temperatures on overwintering energy use.

We provide evidence that during the warmest parts of winter, dormant S. albicosta prepupae that had burrowed deep benefited from a cool, stable microclimate, whereas those near the soil surface appeared to rely on deeper metabolic suppression to maintain their energy stores.

Although elevated temperatures in the laboratory depleted their energy reserves, these strategies appear sufficient to limit energy drain under natural conditions in the field.

We suggest that small‐scale variation in the depth of soil refuges may mediate the interaction between the risk of energy drain and changes in the metabolic rate–temperature relationship in soil‐overwintering insects.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.