bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The charm of country life? Impact of rural childhood residence on physical and mental health in later life
Authors: Nadorff Danielle K. , Duck Angela , Lim Crystal S. , Fastring Danielle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMost studies of geographic health disparities are focused on adult rural residence. However, previous studies have shown that the residential area in which one grows up during childhood has lasting impacts on adult health. In one of the only studies to date to examine the impact of rural childhood residence on mental health in middle‐aged and older adults, Murchland and colleagues (2019) evaluated inequalities by childhood residence and noted elevated depressive symptoms were more common among those living in rural areas compared to those living in non‐rural areas.AimsThe current study expands the model proposed by Murchland and colleagues to include further antecedents related to rural childhood residence, and to include multiple outcomes of physical and mental health among middle‐aged and older adults.MethodParticipants included 4614 individuals aged 40 or older recruited as part of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study.ResultsConsistent with Murchland's model, childhood rurality played an important part in middle‐aged and older adult's health, despite not having a direct influence. Rurality status was impacted by parental education level and SES during childhood, and was associated with the level of education obtained by the participants (and thus their occupation), which played a direct role in their current health status. Mental and physical health had differential predictors.LimitationsThe study was limited by its non‐diverse sample and self‐reported measures.ConclusionFurther research into the impact of childhood rurality on health is needed, utilizing comprehensive self‐reported and observed outcome measures.
Factor models for high‐dimensional functional time series II: Estimation and forecasting
Authors: Tavakoli Shahin , Nisol Gilles , Hallin Marc 
Published: December 2022

This article is the second one in a set of two laying the theoretical foundations for a high‐dimensional functional factor model approach in the analysis of large cross‐sections (panels) of functional time series (FTS). Part I establishes a representation result by which, under mild assumptions on the covariance operator of the cross‐section, any FTS admits a canonical representation as the sum of a common and an idiosyncratic component; common components are driven by a finite and typically small number of scalar factors loaded via functional loadings, while idiosyncratic components are only mildly cross‐correlated. Building on that representation result, Part II is dealing with the identification of the number of factors, their estimation, the estimation of their loadings and the common components, and the resulting forecasts. We provide a family of information criteria for identifying the number of factors, and prove their consistency. We provide average error bounds for the estimators of the factors, loadings, and common components; our results encompass the scalar case, for which they reproduce and extend, under weaker conditions, well‐established similar results. Under slightly stronger assumptions, we also provide uniform bounds for the estimators of factors, loadings, and common components, thus extending existing scalar results. Our consistency results in the asymptotic regime where the number of series and the number of time points diverge thus extend to the functional context the ‘blessing of dimensionality’ that explains the success of factor models in the analysis of high‐dimensional (scalar) time series. We provide numerical illustrations that corroborate the convergence rates predicted by the theory, and provide a finer understanding of the interplay between and for estimation purposes. We conclude with an application to forecasting mortality curves, where our approach outperforms existing methods.
Challenges towards management of CARD9‐deficient patients with phaeohyphomycosis: A case report and case series study
Authors: Zhang Lu , Zhang Yi , Ma Yubo , Wang Zijuan , Wan Zhe , Song Yinggai , Wang Xiaowen , Li Ruoyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundA number of recalcitrant phaeohyphomycosis cases with a life‐threatening prognosis have been observed in CARD9‐deficient patients, but little is known about the long‐term management strategies that are effective for such intractable individuals.ObjectivesTo study the genetic and immunological mechanisms underlying recalcitrant phaeohyphomycosis and to share our clinical experiences regarding its treatment.Patients/MethodsTen CARD9‐deficient patients with recalcitrant phaeohyphomycosis admitted to our centre in the past two decades were followed‐up, and their clinical presentations, laboratory findings, treatment and prognoses were analysed; one of them was a novel case of recalcitrant phaeohyphomycosis harbouring CARD9 mutations. Innate and adaptive immunological responses of patient‐derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells were evaluated using ELISA and flow cytometry.ResultsWe identified a total of seven CARD9 mutations in the ten analysed patients. Moreover, patient‐derived cells exhibited a significant impairment of innate and adaptive immune responses upon fungus‐specific stimulation. All the patients experienced recurrence and exacerbation; four of them died, two exhibited continued disease progress with unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy, three showed obvious improvement under maintenance therapy, and only one achieved a clinical cure.ConclusionsOur study highlighted that otherwise healthy patients diagnosed with early‐onset, unexplained and recalcitrant phaeohyphomycosis should be analysed for CARD9 mutations and immune deficiency. Thereafter, the length and choice of management remain challengeable and must be adjusted based on the clinical presentations and responses of patients over their lifetimes. Although continued posaconazole treatment may be the promising first‐line therapy at present, novel strategies are worth exploring.
Thomas Aquinas on the Sacrifice of Christ and the Eucharist: A Defence
Authors: Nieuwenhove Rik Van 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper I will discuss one of the soteriological models Thomas Aquinas outlines in his Summa Theologiae, namely ‘sacrifice’. This is only one of several, but not mutually exclusive, ways in which Thomas interprets our salvation in Christ. I will briefly list the other models before focussing in more depth on sacrifice by considering some objections against it. I will continue by outlining Thomas's theology of sacrifice in its own right and explain its connections with the Eucharist. By way of conclusion I will return to the modern criticism raised.
Indirect compatibilism
Authors: Latham Andrew J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper I will introduce a new compatibilist account of free action: indirect conscious control compatibilism, or just indirect compatibilism for short. On this account, actions are free either when they are caused by compatibilist‐friendly conscious psychological processes, or else by sub‐personal level processes influenced in particular ways by compatibilist‐friendly conscious psychological processes. This view is motivated by a problem faced by a certain family of compatibilist views, which I call conscious control views. These views hold that we act freely when we act in a way that is caused by certain conscious psychological processes. One problem for such views is that current neuroscience suggests that most of our actions are not caused by such processes. Instead, many of the actions we typically suppose are free are caused by sub‐personal level processes and hence would count as not free according to contemporary conscious control views. I argue, contra these views, that many actions caused by these sub‐personal level processes are indirectly free. Further, most of the actions we ordinarily judge to be free are free in this indirect manner.
Quantifying chemodiversity considering biochemical and structural properties of compounds with the R package chemodiv
Authors: Petrén Hampus , Köllner Tobias G. , Junker Robert R. 
Published: December 2022

Summary

Plants produce large numbers of phytochemical compounds affecting plant physiology and interactions with their biotic and abiotic environment. Recently, chemodiversity has attracted considerable attention as an ecologically and evolutionary meaningful way to characterize the phenotype of a mixture of phytochemical compounds.

Currently used measures of phytochemical diversity, and related measures of phytochemical dissimilarity, generally do not take structural or biosynthetic properties of compounds into account. Such properties can be indicative of the compounds' function and inform about their biosynthetic (in)dependence, and should therefore be included in calculations of these measures.

We introduce the R package chemodiv, which retrieves biochemical and structural properties of compounds from databases and provides functions for calculating and visualizing chemical diversity and dissimilarity for phytochemicals and other types of compounds. Our package enables calculations of diversity that takes the richness, relative abundance and – most importantly – structural and/or biosynthetic dissimilarity of compounds into account. We illustrate the use of the package with examples on simulated and real datasets.

By providing the R package chemodiv for quantifying multiple aspects of chemodiversity, we hope to facilitate investigations of how chemodiversity varies across levels of biological organization, and its importance for the ecology and evolution of plants and other organisms.
The female germ unit is essential for pollen tube funicular guidance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wang Xiu , Liu Xiangfeng , Yi Xinlei , Wang Min , Shi Wenxin , Li Ruiping , Tang Wenyue , Zhang Liyao , Sun Mengxiang , Peng Xiongbo 
Published: December 2022

Summary

In angiosperm, two immotile sperm cells are delivered to the female gametes for fertilization by a pollen tube, which perceives guidance cues from ovules at least at two critical sites, micropyle for short‐distance guidance and funiculus for comparably longer distance guidance. Compared with the great progress in understanding pollen tube micropylar guidance, little is known about the signaling for funicular guidance.

Here, we show that funiculus plays an important role in pollen tube guidance and report that female gametophyte (FG) plays a critical role in funicular guidance by analysis of a 3‐dehydroquinate synthase (DHQS) mutant. Loss function of DHQS in FG interrupts pollen tube funicular guidance, suggesting that the guiding signal is generated from FG.

We show the evidence that the capacity of funicular guidance is established during FG functional specification after the establishment of cell identity. Specific expression of DHQS in the synergid cells, central cells, or egg cells can rescue funicular guidance defect in dhqs/+, indicating all the female germ unit cells are involved in the funicular guidance.

The finding reveals that the attracting signal of pollen tube funicular guidance was generated at a site and stage manner and provides novel clue to locate and search for the signal.
CAR modulates plasma membrane nano‐organization and immune signaling downstream of RALF1‐FERONIA signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Weijun , Zhou Huina , Xu Fan , Yu Meng , Coego Alberto , Rodriguez Lesia , Lu Yuqing , Xie Qijun , Fu Qiong , Chen Jia , Xu Guoyun , Wu Dousheng , Li Xiushan , Li Xiaojuan , Jaillais Yvon , Rodriguez Pedro L. , Zhu Sirui , Yu Feng 
Published: December 2022

Summary

In Arabidopsis, the receptor‐like kinase (RLK) FERONIA (FER) senses peptide ligands in the plasma membrane (PM), modulates plant growth and development, and integrates biotic and abiotic stress signaling for downstream adaptive responses. However, the molecular interplay of these diverse processes is largely unknown.

Here, we show that FER, the receptor of Rapid Alkalinization Factor 1 (RALF1), physically interacts with C2 domain ABA‐related (CAR) proteins to control the nano‐organization of the PM. During this process, the RALF1‐FER pathway upregulates CAR protein translation, and then more CAR proteins are recruited to the PM. This acts as a rapid feedforward loop that stabilizes the PM liquid‐ordered phase. FER interacts with and phosphorylates CARs, thereby reducing their lipid‐binding ability and breaking the feedback regulation at later time points.

The formation of the flg22‐induced FLS2‐BAK1 immune complex, which depends on the integrity of FER‐containing nanodomains, is impaired in fer and pentuple car14569 mutant.

Together, we propose that the FER‐CAR module controls the formation of PM nano‐organization during RALF signaling through a self‐contained amplifying loop including both positive and negative feedback.
Revisiting exit block after entrance block: Investigation of ablation index‐guided pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Nakashima Takashi , Nagase Masaru , Shibahara Taro , Ono Daiju , Yamada Takehiro , Tanabe Gen , Suzuki Keita , Yamaura Makoto , Ido Takahisa , Takahashi Shigekiyo , Okura Hiroyuki , Aoyama Takuma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionUnidirectional block, left atrium to pulmonary vein (LA‐PV) entrance block without PV‐LA exit block, has not been fully investigated in the setting of ablation index (AI)‐guided pulmonary vein (PV) isolation (PVI). The aim of this study was to investigate unidirectional blocks during AI‐guided PVI.MethodsAfter achieving entrance block, exit block was evaluated by pacing from the catheter placed in the PV. Local PV musculature capture without conduction to the LA was necessary to prove exit block.ResultsIn total, 441 PVs (including nine left common PVs) from 113 consecutive patients (mean age: 71 ± 12 years, 77 men, 61 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation cases) who underwent initial AI‐guided PVI for atrial fibrillation were studied. Entrance block was achieved in all PVs. of the 247/441 (56%) PVs showing local PV musculature capture, 5/247 (2.0%) showed unidirectional blocks. Three of the five PVs (left superior and inferior PVs in one patient; right superior PV in another patient) showed LA‐PV reconnection, requiring additional ablation to achieve bidirectional block during the procedure. Two of the five PVs (left superior and inferior PVs in one patient) showed LA‐PV reconnection, and thereafter, LA‐PV conduction became blocked again spontaneously, leading to bidirectional block without further ablation during the procedure.ConclusionAI‐guided PVI presented a low prevalence of unidirectional block (2%), using entrance block alone as the endpoint of PVI could therefore be justified.
Who should we pay more? Exploring the influence of pay for elected officials and bureaucrats on organizational performance in South African local government
Authors: Fernandez Sergio , Madumo Onkgopotse 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite the recurrent focus on pay as an incentive and the myriad reforms of public sector compensation, researchers have generated surprisingly little evidence of the link between pay level and organizational performance. We propose a theoretical model of how pay leads to improvements in organizational performance by enhancing recruitment, motivation, and retention. Given scarce resources and constraints on the ability to financially reward public officials, we engage the top‐down, bottom‐up debate in policy implementation to theorize about whether pay for elected officials or bureaucrats matters more for performance. Our analysis of panel data from South African municipalities reveals increasing pay for bureaucrats—but not for elected officials—can improve delivery of labor‐intensive public services. However, the results also suggest higher pay may embolden bureaucrats to break rules regarding public spending, thereby weakening accountability.
Circadian rest‐activity rhythm and longitudinal brain changes underlying late‐life cognitive decline
Authors: Jeon So Yeon , Byun Min Soo , Yi Dahyun , Jung Gijung , Lee Jun‐Young , Kim Yu Kyeong , Sohn Chul‐Ho , Kang Koung Mi , Lee Yu Jin , Lee Dong Young ,   for the KBASE Research Group
Published: December 2022

AimThe neurobiological substrates underlying the relationship of circadian rest‐activity rhythm (RAR) alteration with accelerated late‐life cognitive decline are not clearly understood. In the present study, the longitudinal relationship of objectively measured circadian RAR with in vivo Alzheimer disease (AD) pathologies and cerebrovascular injury was investigated in older adults without dementia.MethodsThe present study included 129 participants without dementia who participated in the KBASE (Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease) cohort. All participants underwent actigraphy at baseline and two consecutive [11C] Pittsburgh compound‐B positron emission tomography (PET), [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose‐PET, magnetic resonance imaging, and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline and at a 2‐year follow‐up assessment. The associations of circadian RAR with annualized change in neuroimaging measures including global amyloid‐beta retention, AD‐signature region cerebral glucose metabolism (AD‐CM), and white matter hyperintensity volume were examined.ResultsDelayed acrophase at baseline was significantly associated with greater annualized decline of AD‐CM over a 2‐year period, but not with that of other neuroimaging measures. In contrast, other circadian RAR parameters at baseline had no association with annualized change of any neuroimaging measures. Annualized decline of AD‐CM was also significantly positively associated with the annual change in MMSE scores. Furthermore, a mediation analysis showed that greater reduction in AD‐CM mediated the effect of delayed acrophase at baseline on faster decline of MMSE score.ConclusionThe findings indicate that delayed acrophase in late life may cause or predict hypometabolism at AD‐signature brain regions, which underlies cognitive decline in the near future.
Expressive arts therapy with asthmatic children: The effects of an 8‐week intervention study
Authors: Ozceker Deniz , Adalı Bihter Yasemin , Aktas Sunay , Tomru Duygu Seda , Tamay Zeynep , Güler Nermin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood. Management of asthma mainly depends on compliance with long‐term therapy. Art therapy, in which children express their experiences through artistic activities, is one of the psychosocial support treatments in chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of expressive art therapy on asthma control and quality of life of asthmatic children.MethodsA total of 20 children (9 females/11 males), aged 8–13 years, had a group art therapy program consisting of 90 min sessions per week for 8 weeks. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) by spirometry, asthma control tests, and an asthma quality‐of‐life scale for children, the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ), were performed before and after art therapy.ResultsAlthough a statistically significant increase in PFTs (FEV1, PEF, p = 0.001) and improvement in the items of quality of life (activity limitation, symptoms, p < 0.001) were observed in our patients after art therapy, the increase in asthma control was not significant.ConclusionExpressive art therapy can cause improvement in both pulmonary function tests and quality of life scales in children with asthma. Longer term art therapies planned by an experienced team may also be beneficial in achieving asthma control.
Political theories of the business corporation
Authors: Claassen Rutger 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBusiness corporations are important, often powerful actors within the economy. They are able to exercise power over other actors, such as employees, consumers and nation‐states. This contribution discusses how corporate power is constituted (ontological question), for what purpose it should be exercised, (normative question) and how it should be controlled (governance question). It focuses on the competing anwers to these questions that have been proposed by three political theories of the corporation. Concession theories emphasize the state's role in chartering corporations, and hence require corporations to act in the public interest. Contractualist theories present corporations as tools for contract partners (most often shareholders), with corporate purpose focused on the benefits to these partners. Real entity theories focus on the corporation as an autonomous, separate entity with a purpose to be determined by the group seeking incorporation.
Baseline sensitivity of Coniella vitis to fluazinam and resistance risk assessment
Authors: Wang Qiannan , Sun Jianing , Wang Wenmei , Ren Weichao , Li Baohua , Zhou Shanyue 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGrape white rot is a destructive fungal disease caused by the pathogenic fungus Coniella vitis. The sensitivity of C. vitis to fluazinam was tested to select an efficient fungicide to control this disease. Furthermore, the baseline sensitivity of C. vitis populations to fluazinam was established based on the EC50 of 62 C. vitis strains collected from different regions in which grapevines are grown in China. The C. vitis populations were extremely sensitive to fluazinam. The efficiency of fluazinam to grape white rot was determined with detached grapevine leaves. Fluazinam was highly effective in controlling this disease. Moreover, the risk of the C. vitis strains developing resistance to fluazinam was assessed with five mutant strains resistant to fluazinam obtained by a fungicide selection method in the laboratory. The fluazinam‐resistant mutant strains were deficient in their hyphal growth, stress and virulence compared with the parental strain. This led to the conclusion that the C. vitis populations are highly sensitive to fluazinam, and C. vitis is unlikely to develop resistance to fluazinam under natural conditions. Thus, fluazinam is a potential fungicide to efficiently control grape white rot.
Pentecostalism and media in Africa: Theoretical explorations of power and agency of media platforms and their users
Authors: Ibrahim Murtala 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis survey paper interrogates four theoretical frameworks often invoked to analyze intersections between media and religion: mediatization, mediation of meaning, mediation of the beyond, and religious social shaping of technology. The paper surveys several research works informed by the aforementioned theories that study Pentecostals' engagement with different forms of media in Africa. This paper suggests that these theories need to be revised to provide a balanced assessment of Pentecostalism and media technologies. Advancements in technology, particularly sophisticated of algorithms, transformed media into an intelligent and dynamic space that enormously influences media consumers. The theory of mediatization gave power and agency to media logic. However, the other theories (mediation of meaning, mediation of the beyond, and religious social shaping of technology) focused on human agency and saw media as an inert space with many features that users can use as they see fit. To remedy this unbalanced relationship, the paper calls for a new theory that accounts for the agency of both the users and the media platforms.