bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS GEL HAND SANITIZER EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) KONSENTRASI 1% DAN 3%
Authors: Yayan Rizikiyan  , Ine Suharyani  , Opi Nurholipah  , Zamzam Muhammad Yani , Rima Yulia Senja  
Published: May 2023

Buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) mengandung senyawa saponin, triterpenoid, dan flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) konsentrasi 1% dan 3% dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan gel hand sanitizer dan bagaimana stabilitas gel hand sanitizer tersebut. Uji stabilitas sediaan gel hand sanitizer dilakukan dengan metode cycling test, yaitu sediaan gel disimpan pada suhu 4 selama 24 jam, kemudian dipindahkan pada suhu 40 selama 24 jam (1 siklus). Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 6 siklus (12 hari) dengan parameter pengujian organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, viskositas dan sifat alir. Selain itu dilakukan uji syneresis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa basis, formula 1 dan 2 memiliki warna yang stabil dan homogen. Basis memiliki pH berkisar 7,22-7,65, formula 1 berkisar 6,87-7,09 dan formula 2 berkisar 5,64-6,18. Basis memiliki daya sebar berkisar 5,03 cm- 5,42 cm , formula 1 berkisar 5,28 cm–6,86 cm dan formula 2 berkisar 5,86 cm-7,60 cm. Viskositas pada basis berkisar 2900 poise–5800 poise, formula 1 berkisar 1260 poise – 1900 poise dan formula 2 berkisar 315 poise–580 poise. Sifat alir gel hand sanitizer mengikuti aliran tiksotropik dan antitiksotropik. Basis mengalami syneresis sebesar 4,694%, formula 1 sebesar 0,568% dan formula 2 sebesar 3,992%. Ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) konsentrasi 1% dan 3% dapat diformulasikan dalam sediaan gel hand sanitizer namun tidak stabil.
Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru dalam Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Melalui Supervisi Akademik dan Coaching
Authors: Suarni Yulita 
Published: May 2023

Learning at SMA Negeri 1 Painan, especially regarding the planning and implementation of learning. To overcome this, school action research was carried out by school supervisors as supervising supervisors in the form of optimizing academic supervision and coaching in the January-July 2022 semester. This research is included in the type of action research with 4 stages of activity, planning, implementation, observation and reflection carried out during 2 cycles. The data needed in the research is netted through observation sheets and questionnaires. Data processing is carried out using the percentage formula, and data analysis is carried out quantitatively and qualitatively using tables and graphs. The results of the study show that through academic supervision there has been an increase in teacher performance in managing learning with regard to: a) Availability of teacher lesson plans components as much as 79.50% in cycle 1 increased to 100% at the end of cycle 2. b) average teacher lesson plan component quality being in the very good category increased from 42.19% in cycle 1 to 75% at the end of cycle 2, and the rest were in the good category. c) The quality of teacher learning increased from 31.3% which was in the very good category to 35% at the end
cycle 2.
Tuning the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Observing Strategy for Solar System Science
Authors: Schwamb Megan E. , Jones R. Lynne , Yoachim Peter , Volk Kathryn , Dorsey Rosemary C. , Opitom Cyrielle , Greenstreet Sarah , Lister Tim , Snodgrass Colin , Bolin Bryce T. , Inno Laura , Bannister Michele T. , Eggl Siegfried , Solontoi Michael , Kelley Michael S. P. , Jurić Mario , Lin 林 Hsing Wen 省文 , Ragozzine Darin , Bernardinelli Pedro H. , Chesley Steven R. , Daylan Tansu , Ďurech Josef , Fraser Wesley C. , Granvik Mikael , Knight Matthew M. , Lisse Carey M. , Malhotra Renu , Oldroyd William J. , Thirouin Audrey , Ye 叶 Quanzhi 泉志 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory is expected to start the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) in early to mid-2025. This multiband wide-field synoptic survey will transform our view of the solar system, with the discovery and monitoring of over five million small bodies. The final survey strategy chosen for LSST has direct implications on the discoverability and characterization of solar system minor planets and passing interstellar objects. Creating an inventory of the solar system is one of the four main LSST science drivers. The LSST observing cadence is a complex optimization problem that must balance the priorities and needs of all the key LSST science areas. To design the best LSST survey strategy, a series of operation simulations using the Rubin Observatory scheduler have been generated to explore the various options for tuning observing parameters and prioritizations. We explore the impact of the various simulated LSST observing strategies on studying the solar system’s small body reservoirs. We examine what are the best observing scenarios and review what are the important considerations for maximizing LSST solar system science. In general, most of the LSST cadence simulations produce ±5% or less variations in our chosen key metrics, but a subset of the simulations significantly hinder science returns with much larger losses in the discovery and light-curve metrics.
Detection of Carbon Monoxide’s 4.6 Micron Fundamental Band Structure in WASP-39b’s Atmosphere with JWST NIRSpec G395H
Authors: Grant David , Lothringer Joshua D. , Wakeford Hannah R. , Alam Munazza K. , Alderson Lili , Bean Jacob L. , Benneke Björn , Désert Jean-Michel , Daylan Tansu , Flagg Laura , Hu Renyu , Inglis Julie , Kirk James , Kreidberg Laura , López-Morales Mercedes , Mancini Luigi , Mikal-Evans Thomas , Molaverdikhani Karan , Palle Enric , Rackham Benjamin V. , Redfield Seth , Stevenson Kevin B. , Valenti Jeff A. , Wallack Nicole L. , Aggarwal Keshav , Ahrer Eva-Maria , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Crouzet Nicolas , Iro Nicolas , Nikolov Nikolay K. , Wheatley Peter J. ,   JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community ERS team
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is predicted to be the dominant carbon-bearing molecule in giant planet atmospheres and, along with water, is important for discerning the oxygen and therefore carbon-to-oxygen ratio of these planets. The fundamental absorption mode of CO has a broad, double-branched structure composed of many individual absorption lines from 4.3 to 5.1 μm, which can now be spectroscopically measured with JWST. Here we present a technique for detecting the rotational sub-band structure of CO at medium resolution with the NIRSpec G395H instrument. We use a single transit observation of the hot Jupiter WASP-39b from the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science (JTEC ERS) program at the native resolution of the instrument (R ∼ 2700) to resolve the CO absorption structure. We robustly detect absorption by CO, with an increase in transit depth of 264 ± 68 ppm, in agreement with the predicted CO contribution from the best-fit model at low resolution. This detection confirms our theoretical expectations that CO is the dominant carbon-bearing molecule in WASP-39b’s atmosphere and further supports the conclusions of low C/O and supersolar metallicities presented in the JTEC ERS papers for WASP-39b.
Multiple Channels for Nitrogen Pollution by Metal-enriched Supermassive Stars and Implications for GN-z11
Authors: Nagele Chris , Umeda Hideyuki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
GN-z11 is an unusually luminous high-redshift galaxy that was recently observed to have strong nitrogen lines while at the same time lacking traditional signatures of active galactic nucleus activity. These observations have been interpreted as a supersolar nitrogen abundance, which is challenging to explain with standard stellar evolution and supernova enrichment. We present simulations of four models of metal-enriched supermassive stars after the zero age main sequence, which produce supersolar nitrogen consistent with the observations of GN-z11. We then show that the most-massive model ends its life in a violent explosion that results in even greater nitrogen pollution.
Self-efficacy of Doing Physical Exercise in People at Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Rondonuwu Rolly Harvie Stevan , Sarimin Dorce Sisfiani , Tandiayuk Monica 
Published: May 2023

Physical activity affects the body's mechanisms and increases high -density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, lowers low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the body, increases glucose metabolism by increasing insulin sensitivity and reduces excess fat levels and high blood pressure. Self-efficacy affects behavior changes, individuals and as a stimulus for activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education on self-efficacy of doing physical exercise in the intervention group and the control group.
This study was quantitative with a quasi-experimental control group pre-post test to compare the intervention in the control and intervention groups, then the difference between the pre-test and post-test was assumed to be the effect of the experiment. The control group received the leaflet intervention model and the intervention group received the guided education model and videos. Samples are people in the village Kopiwangker and Taraitak who met the inclusion criteria with the number 70.
The results showed a significant value scores before and after intervention Intervention group with a value of 0.00 (paired t test) Thus there is the effect of interventions using guided educational models and video media on self-efficacy of doing physical exercise, with a p value of 0.0001. (t independent test). Conclusion There is a significant difference in self-efficacy between the control and intervention groups before and after being given education with different methods. This means that the guided education method/model using video media greatly affects the self-efficacy of doing physical exercise in people at risk of coronary heart disease.
Keywords: Education; Self efficacy;Physical exercise;Coronary heart disease
Maternal and Neonatal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Indarti Junita , Wonodihardjo Henny Sugiharto , Sianipar Kristian Alda , Antoniman Mohammad Agassi 
Published: May 2023

Introduction : Malnutrition in pregnant women disrupts the First Thousand Days of Life (DOL). DOL is known as the Window of Opportunity or the Golden Period, which occurs for 1000 DOL to improve children's growth and development optimally. Disturbances that arise during this period will impact the survival of the child and child’s growth and development, which is permanent. However, malnutrition in pregnant women can be prevented by early intervention. Therefore, this study aims to describe the maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency malnutrition.
Method: This research is a retrospective cohort study with a descriptive research design. Eighty-one pregnant women with malnutrition who came to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2017 to 2020 were included. Subject characteristic, maternal and neonatal outcome were collected from the medical record.
Result : Some of our subjects had moderate (26%) and severe (16%) malnutrition before pregnancy. The average weight gain is 8.78 kg, lower than the recommendation. The results of this study showed a high incidence of anemia (51,9%) and perinatal maternal complications (54,4%). The neonatal outcome showed a high incidence of congenital defects and hyaline membrane disease (p = 0.031) and NICU care (p = 0.001). The incidence of hyaline membrane disease and congenital defects is 15(18,5%) and 5(6.1%) in this study.
Conclusion : Chronic energy deficiency in pregnancy could lead to significant maternal and neonatal complications.
Keywords: Maternal malnutrition, chronic energy deficiency, maternal outcome, neonatal outcomes.
Who Remembers It?: Poetics of Archives and Nostalgic Practices on Online Communities of ex-Soviet Citizens
Authors: Stoufflet Bénédicte 
Published: May 2023

On the VKontakte and Odnoklasniki networks, communities entitled “Born in the USSR” give Internet users the opportunity to immerse themselves in their lost homeland through the publication of photographic archives from everyday life in Soviet Union. The archives are allusions that can arouse memories of the lived past and engage users into a collective reconstruction of the past. It is a playful activity of recollection: the visitor finds objects and is invited to recognize them by the recurrent addressed question “who remembers that?”. Thanks to the accumulation of archives, the communities also offer a synthesis of Soviet culture. Thus, the archives act as triggers for memory and as representative samples of the disappeared world. This article aims to take an anthropological look at the notion of archive, focusing on how individuals use them to stimulate their memories and to belong to the community.
Sur les réseaux VKontakte et Odnoklasniki, des communautés intitulées « Nés en URSS » proposent aux internautes de se plonger dans ce pays disparu, grâce à la publication d’archives photographiques représentant le quotidien soviétique. Les archives exposées sont autant d’allusions susceptibles d’éveiller chez le spectateur le souvenir du passé vécu et d’enclencher un travail de reconstruction du passé, exercé collectivement entre membres du groupe. Il s’agit d’une activité ludique de remémoration : le visiteur tombe sur des objets et il est invité à les reconnaître par les interpellations comme « qui s’en souvient ? ». Grâce à l’accumulation des archives, les communautés offrent également une synthèse de la culture soviétique. Les archives jouent ainsi le rôle de déclencheurs de la mémoire et d’échantillons représentatifs du monde d’hier. Cet article propose de porter un regard anthropologique sur la notion d’archives, en s’intéressant à la manière dont les individus en font usage pour stimuler leurs souvenirs et entretenir un sentiment d’appartenance à une communauté.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA DI WILAYAH KEPOLISIAN RESOR OGAN ILIR (Studi Kasus Perkara No. BP/44A/X/2021/Sat Resnarkoba/)
Authors: Saputra Rangga , Yusuf Hambali , Kasra Helwan 
Published: May 2023

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana narkotika di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Resor Ogan Ilir (Studi Kasus perkara No. BP/44A/X/2021/Sat Resnarkoba/)?.Apa saja faktor yang mempengaruhi penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana narkotika di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Resor Ogan Ilir (Studi Kasus perkara No. BP/44A/X/2021/Sat Resnarkoba/)?. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian yuridis normatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan jawaban, bahwa 1) Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Resor Ogan Ilir (Studi Kasus perkara No. BP/44A/X/2021/Sat Resnarkoba/) telah ditegakkan secara penal sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang No 35 Tahun 2009 pasal 111 dan 112, namun masih kurang efektif; 2) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Resor Ogan Ilir (Studi Kasus perkara No. BP/44A/X/2021/Sat Resnarkoba/) antara lain yaitu: pertama, Substansi Hukum. Substansi hukum menyangkut peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dan menjadi pedoman bagi aparat penegak hukum di wilayah Kepolisian Resor Ogan Ilir, dalam hal ini Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika, Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 Tentang Hukum Acara Pidana, Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Republik Indonesia. Pasal 3 Undang-undang Narkotika yang mengatur bahwa undang-undang narkotika ini diselenggarakan berasaskan keadilan, pengayoman, kemanusiaan, ketertiban, perlindungan, keamanan, nilai-nilai ilmiah; dan kepastian hukum. Namun, di dalam praktiknya lambat dalam menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan-perkembangan dalam masyarakat. Lambatnya penyesuaian dengan perkembangan zaman ini, mengakibatkan substansi undang-undang ini memiliki beberapa kelemahan antara lain substansi peraturan perundang-undangan narkotika yang tidak responsif. Kedua, Struktur Hukum dari Kepolisian Resor Ogan Ilir telah dibentuk Satuan Kerja (Satker) atau unit-unit yang menanggani masalah narkotika secara terstruktur namun belum berjalan efektif dan optimal. dan Ketiga, Budaya Hukum, hal ini menyangkut masyarakat dimana masyarakat dalam penegakan hukum terhadap penyalahgunaan narkotika belum banyak berpartisipasi aktif terutama diwilayah Ogan Ilir. Hal ini disebabkan adanya rasa enggan dan takut untuk melaporkan kejahatan itu, masyarakat atau pelapor belum merasa terlindungi keselamatannya.
PERINSIP LARANGAN BEKERJA SEBAGAI BENTUK PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK
Authors: Devi Ria Sintha , Simamora Fidelis Pangondian 
Published: May 2023

Pekerjaanak merupakan masalah yang cukup kompleks.Halini dapat dipengaruhioleh berbagai faktor sepertikemiskinan,kondisianak,keluarga dan budayamasyarakat. Mempekerjakan anak tidak juga selalu berdampak negatif,karena dengan anakbekerja dapat melatih kemampuanfisik,mental,sosial sertaintelektualitas anak. Meskipun dalam praktiknya tidakdapat dihindari banya kterjadinya diskriminasi ataupun eksploitasi yang dialami oleh pekerjaanak Pekerja anaktidak selalu bekerja dalam sektorformal,namun pekerjaanak justru lebih banyak yang berkecimpung diluar sektorformal(informal) sehingga tidakadanya hubungan kerja yangjelas.Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian yuridisnormatif.Sifat penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah bersifat deskriptif analitis.Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitiankepustakaan (library research).Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang berupa bahan hukum primer:KitabUndang-UndangHukumPerdata BW (Burgerlijk Wetbook),Udang-undang Republik Indonesia No.13Tahun2003Tentang Ketenagakerjaan,bahan hukumsekunder:yaitu bahan-bahan hukum yang diperoleh buku-bukubacaan dan laporan-laporan hasil penelitianhukum, dan bahan hukum tersier.Hak-hak yang seharusnya didapatkan oleh pekerja anak sebagaimana yang telah diatur dalam Undang-UndangNomor13Tahun2003Tentang Ketenagakerjaan yangmeliputi:1)Hak Mendapatkan Gaji yang Layak,2)Hak Mendapatkan Waktu Kerja yangSesuai,3)Hak Mendapatkan Waktu Istirahat dan CutiyangCukup,4)Hak MendapatkanPendidikan,5) Hak Mendapatkan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja. Mempekerjakan anak boleh dilakukan asalkan dipenuhi syarat-syarat sebagaimana diatur didalam ketentuan yang diamanatkan oleh undag-undang yang berlaku tersebut dan juga hak-hak pekerjaanak sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.Undang-Undang ketenagakerjaan menetapkan sanksi bagipara pelanggarhukum,mereka yang melanggar ketentuan mengenai bentukpekerjaan terburuk untuk anak dikenaihukuman penjara selama2 hingga 5 tahun atau denda sedikitnya 200 juta rupiah atau maksimum500 jutarupiah. Sedangkan pelanggaran aturanmengenai pekerjaanringan akandikenai hukumanpenjara selama1 hingga 4 tahun dan/atau denda sedikitnya 100jutarupiah dan maksimum 400 juta rupiah.
Políticas Públicas voltadas para mulheres-mães presas no Instituto Penal Feminino Desembargadora Auri Moura Costa
Authors: Fonseca Samilla de Morais , Frota Maria Helena de Paula 
Published: May 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o sistema carcerário feminino a partir da doutrina em criminologia e a partir dos dados reunidos pelo Infopen (2016), de modo a construir o entendimento do perfil da mulher presa no Brasil, em especial no Instituto Penal Feminino Desembargadora Auri Moura Costa, bem como examinar as políticas públicas direcionadas às mulheres presas, a partir de um recorte de gênero e maternidade.
Papel do Planejamento Tributário na Redução das Infrações Cometidas pelas Empresas nos Tributos Estaduais
Authors: Cisne Ana Thais Carneiro , Cisne José Joaquim Neto , Cisne Letícia Maria Carneiro 
Published: May 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo geral analisar de que forma o planejamento tributário pode reduzir as infrações cometidas em relação aos tributos estaduais pelas empresas inscritas na Secretaria da Fazenda do Estado do Ceará - SEFAZ/CE. Para isso, procedeu-se o levantamento de todos os processos que foram julgados pelo Contencioso Administrativo Tributário – CONAT, em 2017, perfazendo um total de 1017 processos. A metodologia aplicada em relação à abordagem trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritiva e documental. Analisou-se os processos julgados para se identificar as infrações mais recorrentes cometidas pelas empresas, bem como a natureza da decisão proferida pelo órgão julgador: Nulidade, extinção, procedência, parcial procedência e improcedência. Os resultados apontam que entre as infrações tributárias com maior ocorrência estão: transporte de mercadoria sem documento fiscal; Falta de Recolhimento do Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços - ICMS; omissão de saídas; bem como a omissão de informações em arquivos magnéticos. A pesquisa ressalta a importância do planejamento tributário como ferramenta para que as empresas, amparadas na legalidade, busquem formas de reduzir sua carga tributária, minimizem a incidência de multas e custos adicionais, incorridos em decorrência do descumprimento de suas obrigações tributárias e da falta de planejamento e organização.
The Role of Women on Agricultural Sector Growth
Authors: Chebet Nelly 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the role of women in the agricultural sector growth.
Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The study revealed that women's participation in agricultural cooperatives that, entrepreneurship, access to land rights, and extension services positively influenced agricultural productivity and income generation. Cooperative membership and entrepreneurship provided women with access to resources, markets, and knowledge, leading to increased agricultural productivity and economic gains. Secure land rights empowered women, enabling them to invest in agriculture and adopt improved farming practices. Access to extension services facilitated the dissemination of information, technical training, and market opportunities, contributing to agricultural sector growth.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on Agricultural innovation systems theory which was propounded by Dr. Norman Clark and gender and development theory which was propounded by Maxine Molyneux. The study recommended that policymakers should prioritize promoting women's access to resources, education, training, and credit facilities. It also recommended that strengthening women's participation in decision-making processes, fostering cooperative networks, and ensuring secure land tenure rights are crucial steps toward empowering women in agriculture.