bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting childhood ADHD-linked symptoms from prenatal and perinatal data in the ABCD cohort
Authors: Dooley Niamh , Healy Colm , Cotter David , Clarke Mary , Cannon Mary 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the capacity of pre/perinatal factors to predict attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in childhood. It also explores whether predictive accuracy of a pre/perinatal model varies for different groups in the population. We used the ABCD (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development) cohort from the United States (N = 9975). Pre/perinatal information and the Child Behavior Checklist were reported by the parent when the child was aged 9–10. Forty variables which are generally known by birth were input as potential predictors including maternal substance-use, obstetric complications and child demographics. Elastic net regression with 5-fold validation was performed, and subsequently stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, household income and parental psychopathology. Seventeen pre/perinatal variables were identified as robust predictors of ADHD symptoms in this cohort. The model explained just 8.13% of the variance in ADHD symptoms on average (95% CI = 5.6%–11.5%). Predictive accuracy of the model varied significantly by subgroup, particularly across income groups, and several pre/perinatal factors appeared to be sex-specific. Results suggest we may be able to predict childhood ADHD symptoms with modest accuracy from birth. This study needs to be replicated using prospectively measured pre/perinatal data.
The Body Behind the Curtain: Performing Disability in Zemlinsky'sDer Zwerg
Authors: Armstrong Charlotte 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLike many modernist engagements with the theme of outsider identity, Alexander Zemlinsky's 1921 operaDer Zwerg(The Dwarf) finds its dramatic nexus in the disabled body. In opera, such bodies are not only (historically) texted but also (presently) performed, with modern stagings offering a form of mediation between the historical and contemporary. With reference to two productions ofDer Zwerg, this article unpicks aspects of the representation and performance of disability on the operatic stage. I first explore disability's simultaneous exaggeration and disappearance as a result of the problematic practice of ‘disability mimicry’. The effects of this practice and its proximity to issues of authenticity and embodiment are only made more tangible in the context of live performance, where attempts to embody disability's physicality are often sensationalised and unconvincing at best. However, disability can be, and is, represented in myriad ways. While disability mimicry can engender modes of perceiving disability from a voyeuristic perspective, these productions in fact make use of processes of ‘enfreakment’ to present disability through modes of theatrical production and aesthetic choice. This raises pertinent questions about why and by what means the disabled body is mobilised (or not) on the operatic stage, highlighting, moreover, disability's tendency to indicate meaning in registers beyond the body.
Preacher and prophet: intersecting voices of St John the Evangelist in late medieval ‘s-Hertogenbosch
Authors: SAUCIER CATHERINE 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe church of Sint-Jan in the town of ‘s-Hertogenbosch, on the northern frontier of the medieval diocese of Liège, cultivated unique local devotions to the widely venerated apostle St John the Evangelist. Most notable are five annual feasts, two of which are unknown elsewhere in Western Christendom – John's Exile on the Island of Patmos (27 September) and Return from Exile (3 December). Although Patmos figured prominently in the Western iconography of John's prophetic vision and writing of the Apocalypse, this event was largely overlooked in the Western Johannine liturgy. Drawing from an exhaustive study of all extant service books, my comparative analysis of the office chants and readings for John's Exile and Return examines how the ‘s-Hertogenbosch clergy synthesised Eastern and Western narratives of John's evangelical and prophetic activities on Patmos. A previously ignored liturgical imprint sheds new light on local reception of a fifth-century text of Syrian origin – the Acts of John by Prochorus – widely disseminated in Byzantium but little known in the Latin West. The Matins readings from this source contradict the Western prophetic association of Patmos by imagining this island as the locus for John's preaching and writing of the Gospel, yet the concluding versified responsories, unique to ‘s-Hertogenbosch, call on John as both a preacher and a prophet – attributes that merge in the musical form and melodic embellishment of these previously unstudied chants. More broadly, this case study demonstrates how the office liturgy might conflate different hagiographic narratives.
Relationship between iodine knowledge and dietary iodine intake in pregnant and lactating women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nie Jiaoyang , Zhu Yuming , Wang Chenchen , Lin Qin , Tayier Rishalaiti , Cai Zhuoxuan , Ma Pinjiang , Zhang Ling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective:This study assessed the iodine knowledge of pregnant and lactating women and the relationship to dietary iodine intake and iodine status. The factors influencing iodine intake were analysed.Design:Basic information and iodine knowledge were collected via a questionnaire. A FFQ assessed dietary iodine intake. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured using the arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometric determination of iodine in urine (WS/T 107 -2016).Setting:A cross-sectional study involving pregnant and lactating women in Xinjiang, China was conducted.Participants:A total of 1181 pregnant women and 504 lactating women were enrolled in the study.Results:The median UIC for pregnant and lactating women was 179·27 and 192·81 µg/l, respectively, and the dietary iodine intake was 407·16 and 356·89 µg/d, respectively. Of the pregnant and lactating women, 73·4 % and 82·5 % had medium iodine knowledge, respectively. In pregnant women, iodine knowledge and dietary iodine intake were positively correlated. High iodine knowledge and iodine education were shown to be protective factors for excessive iodine intake in pregnant women.Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the iodine nutritional status of women in Xinjiang was appropriate, and iodine knowledge was at a medium level, but there was confusion about iodine nutrition. Public education is needed to improve iodine knowledge and active iodine supplementation awareness among these populations of women.
Memory and Management: Competing Controls on Long‐Term Nitrate Trajectories in U.S. Rivers
Authors: Van Meter Kimberly J. , Byrnes Danyka K. , Basu Nandita B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExcess nitrogen from intensive agricultural production, atmospheric N deposition, and urban point sources elevates stream nitrate concentrations, leading to problems of eutrophication and ecosystem degradation in coastal waters. A major emphasis of current US‐scale analysis of water quality is to better our understanding of the relationship between changes in anthropogenic N inputs within watersheds and subsequent changes in riverine N loads. While most water quality modeling assumes a positive linear correlation between watershed N inputs and riverine N, many efforts to reduce riverine N through improved nutrient management practices result in little or no short‐term improvements in water quality. Here, we use nitrate concentration and load data from 478 US watersheds, along with developed N input trajectories for these watersheds, to quantify time‐varying relationships between N inputs and riverine N export. Our results show substantial variations in watershed N import‐export relationships over time, with quantifiable hysteresis effects. Our results show that more population‐dense urban watersheds in the northeastern U.S. more frequently show clockwise hysteresis relationships between N imports and riverine N export, with accelerated improvements in water quality being achieved through the implementation of point‐source controls. In contrast, counterclockwise hysteresis dynamics are more common in agricultural watersheds, where time lags occur between the implementation of nutrient management practices and water‐quality improvements. Finally, we find higher tile‐drainage densities to be associated with more linear relationships between N inputs and riverine N. The empirical analysis in this study is bolstered by modeled simulations to reproduce and further explain drivers behind the hysteretic relationships commonly observed in the monitored watersheds.
Analysis of Fluid Flow Pathways in the Mount Meager Volcanic Complex, Southwestern Canada, Utilizing AMT and Petrophysical Data
Authors: Hormozzade Ghalati F. , Craven J. A. , Motazedian D. , Grasby S. E. , Roots E. , Tschirhart V. , Chen Z. , Liu X. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDefining the spatial distribution of geological structures and rock properties is important for understanding how fluid flow is controlled in a geothermal reservoir. Here, we present a procedure to examine the potential fluid pathways. By combining 3‐D resistivity models derived from audio‐magnetotelluric (AMT) data with available rock properties (porosity and permeability) and fluid sample data (fluid resistivity, salinity, and temperature), we investigated the relationship between electrical resistivity and fluid flow in an active volcanic system. Different petrophysical models and empirical relations are evaluated to determine the relationship between the fluid flow system at Mount Meager, British Columbia, and the resistivity model. In addition, we utilized porosity and permeability measured in the laboratory to define the porosity‐permeability relationship. The porosity of the volcanic core samples showed a range of 2.6%–23.2% and the permeability was in a range of 0.001–5,186.57 mD. The results showed the potential of 3‐D inversion of AMT data to map the fluid pathways at Mount Meager. These pathways are correlated with loss circulation zones in boreholes and can account for porosity up to 8.5%, which using the porosity‐permeability relationship translates to permeability of the order 0.249 mD. Not only are the fault and fracture zones important for reservoir exploitation, but they also provide permeability for the circulation of meteoric water. Our studies suggest that a set of fractures with 0.1 m spacing and 20 mm aperture can keep 40% fluid in pores and transmit fluid with possible permeability of 666 mD.
High Pressure Melting Curve of Fe Determined by Inter‐Metallic Fast Diffusion Technique
Authors: Ezenwa Innocent C. , Fei Yingwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe heat extracted from the core by the overlying mantle across the core‐mantle boundary controls the thermal evolution of the core. This in turn leads to the solidification of the inner core in association with the exsolution of light alloying elements into the liquid outer core. Although the temperature (T) at the inner core boundary (ICB) would be adjusted to account for the effects of the light elements, the melting T of Fe places an upper bound at the ICB and it is a vital point in the thermal profile of the core. Here, we determine the melting T of Fe in the multi‐anvil press by characterizing the interface of Fe‐W interaction. Our data place a tighter constraint on the melting curve of Fe between 8 and 21 GPa, that is directly applicable to small planetary bodies and serves as an anchor for melting curve of Fe at higher pressure.
Vegetation Reconfigures Barrier Coasts and Affects Tidal Basin Infilling Under Sea Level Rise
Authors: Boechat Albernaz M. , Brückner M. Z. M. , van Maanen B. , van der Spek A. J. F. , Kleinhans M. G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWorldwide, many tidal basins associated with barrier coasts have infilled over the past millennia due to the combination of sediment supply, wave‐tidal sediment transport, and eco‐engineering effects of vegetation. However, the biogeomorphological interactions between saltmarsh and the morphodynamics of an entire coastal barrier system are poorly understood, especially under sea level rise (SLR). Here, we study the evolution of a barrier coast for combinations of mud availability, presence of vegetation, and SLR. We developed a novel biogeomorphological model of an idealized barrier coast enclosing a tidal basin with sandy‐clayey sediments that was subjected to tides and waves for a century. The morphodynamic Delft3D model was coupled to a vegetation code which accounts for the dynamics of marsh‐type vegetation. Initially, vegetation contributed to reducing the tidal prism while sediment was imported. However, with SLR this trend was reversed and the tidal basins started to export sediment for vegetated runs after about 50–60 years while the unvegetated scenarios continued to infill in pace with the SLR. The sediment export was caused by cascading biomorphodynamic feedback effects triggered by vegetation which modified channel and shoal dynamics. Even under higher mud supply, the SLR resulted in vegetation collapse. The hypsometries, similar to natural systems, showed that vegetated systems converge to an alternative stable state condition. We conclude that the long‐term resilience of the tidal basin associated with sediment infilling under SLR can be reduced by cascading large‐scale effects of vegetation on the morphodynamics of barrier coasts.
Turning Noise Into Data: Characterization of the Van Allen Radiation Belt Using SDO Spikes Data
Authors: Kasapis Spiridon , Thompson Barbara J. , Rodriguez Juan V. , Attie Raphael , Cucho‐Padin Gonzalo , da Silva Daniel , Jin Meng , Pesnell William D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is a solar mission in an inclined geosynchronous orbit. Since commissioning, images acquired by Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument on‐board the SDO have frequently displayed “spikes,” pixel regions yielding extreme number of digital counts. These are theorized to occur from energetic electron collisions with the instrument detector system. These spikes are regularly removed from AIA Level 1.0 images to produce clean and reliable data. A study of historical data has found over 100 trillion spikes in the past decade. This project correlates spike detection frequency with radiation environment parameters in order to generate an augmented data product from SDO. We conduct a correlation study between SDO/AIA data and radiation belt activity within the SDO's orbit. By extracting radiation “spike” data from the SDO/AIA images, we produce a comprehensive data product which is correlated not only with geomagnetic parameters such as Kp, Ap, and Sym‐H but also with the electron and proton fluxes measured by the GOES‐14 satellite. As a result, we find that AIA spikes are highly correlated with the GOES‐14 electrons detected by the magnetospheric electron detector and energetic proton, electron and alpha detectors instruments at the equator (where the two satellites meet) with Spearman's Correlation values of ρ = 0.73 and ρ = 0.53, respectively, while a weaker correlation of ρ = 0.47 is shown with magnetospheric proton detector protons for the 2 year period where both missions returned data uninterruptedly. This correlation proves that the SDO spike data can be proven useful for characterizing the Van Allen radiation belt, especially at areas where other satellites cannot.
Evolution of Bottom Boundary Layers on Three Dimensional Topography—Buoyancy Adjustment and Instabilities
Authors: Jagannathan Arjun , Srinivasan Kaushik , McWilliams James C. , Molemaker Jeroen , Stewart Andrew L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA current along a sloping bottom gives rise to upwelling, or downwelling Ekman transport within the stratified bottom boundary layer (BBL), also known as the bottom Ekman layer. In 1D models of slope currents, geostrophic vertical shear resulting from horizontal buoyancy gradients within the BBL is predicted to eventually bring the bottom stress to zero, leading to a shutdown, or “arrest,” of the BBL. Using 3D ROMS simulations, we explore how the dynamics of buoyancy adjustment in a current‐ridge encounter problem differs from 1D and 2D temporal spin up problems. We show that in a downwelling BBL, the destruction of the ageostrophic BBL shear, and hence the bottom stress, is accomplished primarily by nonlinear straining effects during the initial topographic encounter. As the current advects along the ridge slopes, the BBL deepens and evolves toward thermal wind balance. The onset of negative potential vorticitymodes of instability and their subsequent dissipation partially offsets the reduction of the BBL dissipation during the ridge‐current interaction. On the upwelling side, although the bottom stress weakens substantially during the encounter, the BBL experiences a horizontal inflectional point instability and separates from the slopes before sustained along‐slope stress reduction can occur. In all our solutions, both the upwelling and downwelling BBLs are in a partially arrested state when the current separates from the ridge slope, characterized by a reduced, but non‐zero bottom stress on the slopes.
Asciminib monotherapy in patients with CML-CP without BCR::ABL1 T315I mutations treated with at least two prior TKIs: 4-year phase 1 safety and efficacy results
Authors: Mauro Michael J. , Hughes Timothy P. , Kim Dong-Wook , Rea Delphine , Cortes Jorge E. , Hochhaus Andreas , Sasaki Koji , Breccia Massimo , Talpaz Moshe , Ottmann Oliver , Minami Hironobu , Goh Yeow Tee , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Heinrich Michael C. , Gómez-García de Soria Valle , le Coutre Philipp , Mahon Francois-Xavier , Janssen Jeroen J. W. M. , Deininger Michael , Shanmuganathan Naranie , Geyer Mark B. , Cacciatore Silvia , Polydoros Fotis , Agrawal Nithya , Hoch Matthias , Lang Fabian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAsciminib is approved for patients with Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) who received ≥2 prior tyrosine kinase inhibitors or have the T315I mutation. We report updated results of a phase 1, open-label, nonrandomized trial (NCT02081378) assessing the safety, tolerability, and antileukemic activity of asciminib monotherapy 10–200 mg once or twice daily in 115 patients with CML-CP without T315I (data cutoff: January 6, 2021). After ≈4-year median exposure, 69.6% of patients remained on asciminib. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) included increased pancreatic enzymes (22.6%), thrombocytopenia (13.9%), hypertension (13.0%), and neutropenia (12.2%); all-grade AEs (mostly grade 1/2) included musculoskeletal pain (59.1%), upper respiratory tract infection (41.7%), and fatigue (40.9%). Clinical pancreatitis and arterial occlusive events (AOEs) occurred in 7.0% and 8.7%, respectively. Most AEs occurred during year 1; the subsequent likelihood of new events, including AOEs, was low. By data cutoff, among patients without the indicated response at baseline, 61.3% achieved BCR::ABL1 ≤ 1%, 61.6% achieved ≤0.1% (major molecular response [MMR]), and 33.7% achieved ≤0.01% on the International Scale. MMR was maintained in 48/53 patients who achieved it and 19/20 who were in MMR at screening, supporting the long-term safety and efficacy of asciminib in this population.
Predicting breast cancer types on and beyond molecular level in a multi-modal fashion
Authors: Zhang Tianyu , Tan Tao , Han Luyi , Appelman Linda , Veltman Jeroen , Wessels Ronni , Duvivier Katya M. , Loo Claudette , Gao Yuan , Wang Xin , Horlings Hugo M. , Beets-Tan Regina G. H. , Mann Ritse M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccurately determining the molecular subtypes of breast cancer is important for the prognosis of breast cancer patients and can guide treatment selection. In this study, we develop a deep learning-based model for predicting the molecular subtypes of breast cancer directly from the diagnostic mammography and ultrasound images. Multi-modal deep learning with intra- and inter-modality attention modules (MDL-IIA) is proposed to extract important relations between mammography and ultrasound for this task. MDL-IIA leads to the best diagnostic performance compared to other cohort models in predicting 4-category molecular subtypes with Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.837 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.803, 0.870). The MDL-IIA model can also discriminate between Luminal and Non-Luminal disease with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.929 (95% CI: 0.903, 0.951). These results significantly outperform clinicians’ predictions based on radiographic imaging. Beyond molecular-level test, based on gene-level ground truth, our method can bypass the inherent uncertainty from immunohistochemistry test. This work thus provides a noninvasive method to predict the molecular subtypes of breast cancer, potentially guiding treatment selection for breast cancer patients and providing decision support for clinicians.
Political endorsement by Nature and trust in scientific expertise during COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Floyd Jiuyun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHigh-profile political endorsements by scientific publications have become common in recent years, raising concerns about backlash against the endorsing organizations and scientific expertise. In a preregistered large-sample controlled experiment, I randomly assigned participants to receive information about the endorsement of Joe Biden by the scientific journalNatureduring the COVID-19 pandemic. The endorsement message caused large reductions in stated trust inNatureamong Trump supporters. This distrust lowered the demand for COVID-related information provided byNature, as evidenced by substantially reduced requests forNaturearticles on vaccine efficacy when offered. The endorsement also reduced Trump supporters’ trust in scientists in general. The estimated effects on Biden supporters’ trust inNatureand scientists were positive, small and mostly statistically insignificant. I found little evidence that the endorsement changed views about Biden and Trump. These results suggest that political endorsement by scientific journals can undermine and polarize public confidence in the endorsing journals and the scientific community.
Political polarization of news media and influencers on Twitter in the 2016 and 2020 US presidential elections
Authors: Flamino James , Galeazzi Alessandro , Feldman Stuart , Macy Michael W. , Cross Brendan , Zhou Zhenkun , Serafino Matteo , Bovet Alexandre , Makse Hernán A. , Szymanski Boleslaw K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSocial media has been transforming political communication dynamics for over a decade. Here using nearly a billion tweets, we analyse the change in Twitter’s news media landscape between the 2016 and 2020 US presidential elections. Using political bias and fact-checking tools, we measure the volume of politically biased content and the number of users propagating such information. We then identify influencers—users with the greatest ability to spread news in the Twitter network. We observe that the fraction of fake and extremely biased content declined between 2016 and 2020. However, results show increasing echo chamber behaviours and latent ideological polarization across the two elections at the user and influencer levels.