bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wkład ks. profesora Jana Chwałka w organologię i sztukę budowy organów
Authors: Szymanowicz Maria 
Published: April 2023

Ks. Jan Chwałek urodził się 7 stycznia 1930 r. w Woli Baranowskiej, zmarł 30 listopada 2018 r. w Babulach i został pochowany na cmentarzu parafialnym w rodzinnej miejscowości.W latach 1961–2005 był wykładowcą w Instytucie Muzykologii Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego Jana Pawła II, kierownikiem jedynej w Polsce Katedry Instrumentologii. Na początku swej naukowej drogi zajmował się chorałem gregoriańskim, a po uzyskaniu samodzielności – problematyką organologiczną.Na szczególną uwagę zasługuje książka Budowa organów, jedyne takie dzieło w literaturze polskiej. Zawiera ona opis mechanizmów i głosów organowych, a poszczególne zagadnienia ilustrowane są rysunkami technicznymi. Ks. Chwałek wypracował metodę badań struktury brzmieniowej organów przy pomocy skali poziomej i pionowej, szczegółowo opisał trzy systemy strojenia instrumentów klawiszowych.Był także organmistrzem, zbudował dziewięć instrumentów. W niektórych z nich zastosował nietypowe rozwiązania konstrukcyjne. Zaprojektował kilkadziesiąt nowych organów. Uczestniczył w pracach konserwatorskich zabytkowych instrumentów w Kazimierzu Dolnym, Olkuszu i Jędrzejowie. Wykonał kilkadziesiąt konserwacji organów, głównie w diecezji sandomierskiej.
Morphometry of the lower lumbar spinal canal among a sample of the Saudi population: Are we at risk?
Authors: Alghamdi Khalid , Omer Ibrahim 
Published: April 2023

Objectives:
Lumbar disk bulge is a common cause of lower back pain. A high percentage of patients improve with conservative management, but unfortunately, some do not. We postulate that an anatomically narrowed lumbar spinal canal might contribute to this variation in response to conservative management. One of the major causes of spinal stenosis is idiopathic congenital-developmental stenosis, and here, we aimed to observe if this non-modifiable risk factor is present among the Saudi population, by analyzing the lower lumbar canal dimensions in computed tomography (CT) scan axial cuts, which might be later a reference and guide in clinical practice.

Methods:
This retrospective descriptive study included 279 patients aged 20–40years old. We included those who underwent diagnostic CT abdomen and CT lumbar spine with no evidence of lumbar spinal disease or fracture at the level where measures were taken from the axial cuts. Furthermore, exclusion criteria included gross spinal pathologies such as fractures, tumors, deformities, major chronic systemic diseases, congenital anomalies (dwarfism), and metallic artifacts.

Results:
Of the 279 patients, 137 (49%) were male and 142 (51%) were female. Different measurements were taken from the CT scan of axial cuts of the lower lumbar canal (L3, L4, and L5). The pattern of segmental variation of the lower lumbar vertebral canal was found to be like other populations. In contrast, the mean lower lumbar vertebral canal diameters were characteristically different from the other population (non-compensating).

Conclusion:
In the Saudi population, anterior-posterior and interpedicular diameters were narrowed (non-compensating). We found a high prevalence (32%) of trefoil configuration in the Saudi population.
Kamu diplomasisi perspektifinden Türkiye – Sahra-Altı Afrika ilişkileri
Authors: DJAMANCA Abdu , ÇAĞLAR Ali 
Published: April 2023

Öz
Sahra-Altı Afrika 21. yüzyılda dünya siyaset sahnesinde önemi her geçen gün artan bir aktör olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Kamu diplomasisi ise literatürde özellikle son yıllarda sıkça kullanılan kavramlardan biri olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu makale, günümüzde dış politikanın önemli araçlarından birini teşkil eden kamu diplomasisi kavramı ışığında, 1998 yılında başlatılan “Afrika Açılım Eylem Planı”ndan günümüze değin Türkiye’nin Sahra-Altı Afrika ülkelerine yönelik yürüttüğü faaliyetlere odaklanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, küreselleşme ile geleneksel politika yapma ve uygulama pratiklerinin dönüştüğü ve kamuoyunun karar alıcılar üzerindeki etkisinin değiştiği günümüzde, Türkiye’nin Sahra-Altı Afrika’da etkinliğini artırma noktasında attığı adımlar ve bu adımların söz konusu bölge üzerindeki yansımalarının izi sürülmektedir. Bu noktada, makale Türkiye – Sahra-Altı Afrika ilişkilerini siyasetten ekonomiye, kültürden eğitime çok boyutlu biçimde ele almayı hedeflemekte olup, söz konusu incelemenin ana eksenini Türkiye’nin söz konusu bölgeye yönelik kamu diplomasisi faaliyetleri oluşturmaktadır. Makalenin gereksindiği veriler, Türkiye’nin Sahra-Altı Afrika ülkelerine yönelik kamu diplomasisi faaliyetleri özelinde, ikincil veriler - literatürden derlenmiştir. Türkiye’nin özellikle son yıllarda, Sahra-Altı Afrika ülkelerine yönelik, eğitimden insani yardıma, diplomasiden ekonomik iş birliğine çok yoğun bir etkinlik içinde olduğu görülmüştür.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Türkiye, Sahra-Altı Afrika, Kamu Diplomasisi, Yumuşak Güç.
Dorothy Day: mística e ativista no século sem Deus
Authors: Bingemer Maria Clara 
Published: April 2023

O presente texto pretende apresentar a figura de Dorothy Day, jornalista e ativista estadunidense católica e que hoje se encontra em processo de beatificação por parte da Igreja, e avaliar sua contribuição teológico-social. Apresenta-se primeiro seu perfil biográfico fazendo-se posteriormente uma análise de diversas perspectivas de sua sensibilidade como mulher: corporal, estética, social e espiritual. Essa sensibilidade multifacética faz de Dorothy Day uma rara síntese de figura feminina que vive uma união mística com Deus ao mesmo tempo em que professa um profundo compromisso com os mais pobres. A segunda parte do texto analisa o movimento fundado por Dorothy Day – o Catholic Worker Movement (CWM) –, comparando-o com a Teologia da Libertação na América Latina. Ambos os movimentos se configuraram em torno da opção pelos pobres, um nos Estados Unidos, outro no Sul da América. Na conclusão procuramos chegar a algumas pistas sobre a importância de Dorothy Day como inspiração para a sociedade e a Igreja de hoje.
Palavras-chave: Mística; Justiça social; Teologia; Compromisso; Santidade.
Abstract: The present text intends to present the figure of Dorothy Day, a Catholic journalist and activist from the United States who is currently in the process of beatification by the Church. Her biographical profile is presented first, followed by an analysis from different perspectives of her sensibility as a woman: corporal, aesthetic, social and spiritual. This multifaceted sensitivity makes Dorothy Day a rare synthesis of a feminine figure who lives a mystical union with God while professing a profound commitment to the poorest. The second part of the text analyzes the movement founded by Dorothy Day - the Catholic Worker Movement (CWM) - compared with liberation theology in Latin America. Both movements were configured around the option for the poor, one in the United States and the other in South America. In the conclusion we try to arrive at some clues about the importance of Dorothy Day as an inspiration for society and Church today.
Keywords: Mysticism; Social justice; Theology; Commitment; Holiness.
Sinodalidade e sensus fidelium
Authors: Coelho Mário Marcelo 
Published: April 2023

O caminho sinodal, entre tantos outros temas importantes e urgentes, também deverá abordar o ensinamento sobre a moral matrimonial da Igreja católica. Deverá ajudar a encontrar caminhos possíveis de resposta a Deus e de crescimento no meio dos limites. Precisamos retomar e aprofundar a abertura que o Papa Francisco deixa na exortação Amoris Laetitia para a comunhão eucarística aos casais que estão em uma nova união. Francisco provocou essa reflexão. O Papa afirma que a Eucaristia não é um prêmio para os perfeitos, mas um “alimento para os fracos” (EG 47). A compreensão do sensus fidelium, que pertence ao foro interno, é o caminho do discernimento para que o casal possa aceder aos sacramentos da Confissão e da Eucaristia. Ao considerar a complexidade das situações nas quais as pessoas estão envolvidas, neste caso os casais em nova união, acreditamos no valor do discernimento nas situações e circunstâncias da vida e, dessa forma, em conceder mais espaço à consciência. Portanto, deve-se acreditar nas intenções honestas dos casais em situações irregulares de resolver o problema da comunhão sacramental, isto é, deixar espaço à consciência dos fiéis (AL 37).
Palavras-chave: Sinodalidade; Sensus fidelium; Discernimento; Moral matrimonial; Comunhão sacramental.
Abstract: The Synod Path, among many other important and urgent topics, should also address the Catholic Church’s teaching on morality with regard to marriage. It should help to find possible ways to respond to God and to grow in the midst of limitations. We need to take up and deepen the opening that Pope Francis leaves in the exhortation Amoris Laetitia for Eucharistic communion to couples who are in a new union. Francis has provoked this reflection. The Pope states that the Eucharist is not a prize for the perfect, but “food for the weak” (EG 47). Understanding the sensus fidelium, which belongs to the internal forum, is the path of discernment for the couple to access the sacraments of Confession and the Eucharist. In considering the complexity of the situations in which people are involved, in this case newly-wed couples, we believe in the value of discernment in life situations and circumstances and, in this way, giving more room to the conscience. Therefore, one should believe in the honest intentions of couples in exceptional situations to resolve the problem of sacramental communion, that is, to leave room for the conscience of the faithful (AL 37).
Keywords: Synodality; Sensus fidelium; Discernment; Moral of marriage; Sacramental communion.
Analysis and study of power consumption of objects in the industrial zone of Adra-Syria
Authors: Abdullazyanov E. Yu. , Gracheva E. I. , Alzakkar A. 
Published: April 2023

Industrial cities in Syria help the state in developing factories and strengthening the main industries, as they provide the right infrastructure for these industries and provide them with advantages that may not be available abroad. The article explores one of these industrial areas in the city of Adra-Syria.PURPUSE. Conduct a study of the design power of loads of residential electrical consumers and compare with the experimental power consumption in the city of Adra.METHODS. Methods for processing statistical data and methods for determining the parameters of loads and graphs of loads of electrical consumers at the facilities of Adra are used.RESULTS. The data on the parameters of the load curves of the electric consumers of the objects of Adra were determined: The average value of the total load power (Saver), the maximum value of the total load power (Smax), the effective value (Seffective), the standard deviation of the total load power (σSng), the value of the load variation (γSng). The data of the load schedule fill factor, the correlation coefficient (Rkj) was calculated and analyzed, and the values of the statistical indicators of the total schedules (Stot) of the electrical consumers of the Kabun-1 substation in Adra, the statistical data of the total apparent power of the electrical consumers of the transformers of the 33/11 kV substation were obtained. "Kabun-1", the values of correlation coefficients of loads of industrial electrical consumers, the values of the total power of the load of electrical consumers of the new sector of Adra.CONCLUSION. As a result of the studies carried out, the possibility of effective implementation of measures to regulate the maximum total power of the loads of the main electrical consumers in the city of Adra has been shown.
Stationary thermal-gas-dynamics of flows in the cylinder and exhaust system of a piston engine
Authors: Plotnikov L. V. , Shurupov V. A. , Slednev V. A. , Davydov D. A. , Krasilnikov D. N. 
Published: April 2023

THE PURPOSE. To evaluate the influence of the exhaust manifold design on gas dynamics and heat transfer of stationary, turbulent gas flows in the cylinder and the exhaust system of a reciprocating internal combustion engine for different boundary conditions based on physical and mathematical modeling.METHODS. The study of gas dynamics and heat transfer of flows was carried out using the CFD approach in specialized Russian-made software. The simulation was performed for a pressure drop from 0.15 to 40 kPa (the flow velocity at the outlet of the system was 10-130 m/s). The k-e turbulence model was used for modeling. The computational grid consisted of 610,000 cells. The design change consisted in the use of profiled channels with cross sections in the form of a circle (diameter 30 mm), a square (side 30 mm) and a triangle (side 52 mm).RESULTS. The article describes the mathematical model, the studied geometry of the exhaust system and the analysis of the obtained data. The velocity field, isolines of equal velocities, and tangential velocity vectors were chosen as the gas-dynamic characteristics of the flow. The gas dynamics in the longitudinal section of the exhaust system and the valve, as well as the visualization of the flow structure in 4 control sections along the length of the exhaust system, were analyzed. The heat transfer coefficient in the exhaust system was used to evaluate the heat transfer characteristics of the flow. Qualitative and quantitative differences in gas dynamics and heat transfer processes are shown.CONCLUSION. It has been established that there are common gas-dynamic effects during the flow of gas in different elements of the exhaust system. The evolution of the flow structure along the length of the exhaust system is shown based on the change in the velocity field, isolines of equal velocities, and tangential velocity vectors. The vortex structures formed in the valve assembly and the corners of the profiled channels are revealed. It has been established that the use of profiled channels in the exhaust system leads to a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient by 5 to 12%.
On the issue of creating the optimal last stage of powerful steam turbines of nuclear power plants
Authors: Bogomolova T. V. , Ahmadzadeh G. A. 
Published: April 2023

THE PURPOSE. To estimate the most effective length of the working blade of the last stage of a powerful wet-steam turbine in terms of obtaining its maximum efficiency and to optimize the parameters of this stage in the design mode. For this stage, perform multi-mode optimization to select the main characteristics of the stage operating with maximum efficiency according to a given model daily load schedule.METHODS. When solving this problem, the method of calculating the axisymmetric flow of steam in the flow part of the turbine stage as an inviscid single-phase working fluid relative to a stationary guide device and rotating with an angular velocity ω of the impeller used, and the losses energy calculated according to the axisymmetric method of the MPEI.RESULTS. The article describes the relevance of the topic, discusses the features of the use of the author's software in solving the tasks. The characteristics of the stages with different lengths of the working blades presented and the results of their calculation in the nominal mode are given. A model daily schedule selected for a nuclear power plant turbine operating in the central region of Russia. The results of calculations of variable modes of the last stage of the turbine operating according to this daily schedule presented.CONCLUSION. The choice of the maximum length of the working blade is limited not only by its strength characteristics, but also by the increase in wave losses in the gratings due to an increase in the optimal available heat drop, or rather the associated increase in supersonic speeds near the meridional contours. So for a high-speed turbine To-1200-6,8/50 the maximum efficiency of the last stage is achieved at a length of 1400 mm, both when the turbine is configured with both three two-flow LPC and four. Selection of the main characteristics of these stages, such as the available heat drop, the degree of reactivity, etc. it should be made taking into account the variable operating modes of the turbine on the basis of the forecast of daily schedules of loads of turbine units. When using a typical daily load schedule, the average internal relative efficiency in the range of operating modes according to this schedule is higher by 0.6 % when choosing a 10% increased available heat drop compared to the optimal one in the design mode.
Penerapan Marketing Flywheel untuk meningkatkan Omset Penjualan UMKM bagi Pemuda-Pemudi di Kelurahan Kotabumi Tangerang
Authors: Sugandha  , Janamarta Suhendar , Wato Tholok Fidellis , Pudjo Wibowo Fransiscus Xaverius , Yoyo Toni 
Published: April 2023

Dalam upaya untuk mengembangkan bisnis tentu adanya sebuah perencanaan. Tujuan adanya perencanaan ini adalah untuk mengatur arah sebuah kesuksesan perusahaan. Sebuah perusahaan memiliki kualitas produk yang baik tetapi tidak memiliki strategi yang baik maka perusahaan tersebut tidak bisa memperoleh keuntungan banyak
Salah satu kebiasaan baru yang ditemukan di situasi pandemi Covid-19 tidak hanya mengubah cara hidup masyarakat tetapi juga merombak strategi bisnis di dunia usaha, strategi yang paling efektif dalam situasi pandemi ini adalah dengan memanfaatkan strategi Marketing Flywheel. Marketing Flywheel adalah suatu strategi pemasaran yang fokusnya untuk memberikan pengalaman dari pelanggan. Dengan menggunakan strategi ini juga bisa untuk menunjukan suatu bisnis akan mampu berkembang dengan pesat apabila selalu mengedepankan kepuasan para pelanggannya, bukan hanya sebagai target penjualan saja.
Dalam pelatihan ini diberikan pemahaman dan penjelasan kepada 35 orang peserta mengenai konsep Marketing Flywheel dan para peserta bisa memahami dan juga menjalankan strategi tersebut dalam menjalankan usaha UMKM agar lebih bisa bersaing dan meningkatkan omset penjualannya.

Kata Kunci: Konsep Pemasaran, Marketing Flywheel, Omset Penjualan. Pengusaha UMKM
Additional algae (excluding cyanobacteria) of Bagh-Jhoda wetland, Morang, Nepal
Authors: Rajopadhyaya Ritu , Rai Shiva Kumar 
Published: April 2023

In this paper, a total of 46 additional algae (excluding cyanobacteria) have been described from Bagh-Jhoda wetland, Morang. They belong to 7 classes, 13 orders, 21 families, and 28 genera. Algae were collected from 8 different peripheral localities of the wetland during winter, summer and rainy seasons, 2014. They were collected by squeezing submerged parts of macrophytes and by using plankton mesh net. Cosmarium was the largest genus as usual in the previous studies. The water in this wetland is maintained as it lies along the southern edge of Char-Koshe Jungle, hence harbor rich algal species.
Constraints Based Behaviours in EFL Mastery of English Education Students
Authors: Said Muhammad Mawardin , Rita Ferry , Arfani Sri 
Published: April 2023

Purpose. This manuscript is a result of a research that aims at identifying Constraints Based Behaviours in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) Mastery.
Methods and procedure. This scientific research result manuscript has data obtained descriptively and analysed qualitativelyso that qualitative descriptive method is used. Graduade students of English Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education as its subjects have to do real behaviours for overcoming the constraints to master the EFL that has been learnt to decode and encode messages for having solution of problem through activities that have not been realized because of the constraints. Its specific target is realization of the university students’ behaviours supporting their English competence/knowledge and performance/skill. They have to realize main points of activities based on their problems in learning that foreign language to be behaviours based on the constraints in mastering that international language. This is to identify the students’ constraints to hopefully be overcome by the English education students and lecturers. The students are intended to freely use their English so that they do have the foreign language skills: receptive and productive skills.
Results. Resultsof the research indicate thatthe English education students sometimes learn English, use/produce it so that they can understand/comprehend it, develop their skills, and always improve their English. English skill that they master most is Reading. They master oral English more than visual one and most of them do English speaking skill/activities and they in mastering the English have most constraints on reading skill.
Conclutions. English education students experienced most constraints on Reading Skill, have behaviours for overcaming the constraints, and then can master most that skill. Thus, constraints based behaviours of English education students in EFL mastery are identified through their experiences consistently.
Investigating Linguistic Abilities and its Relationship with Empathy, Emotional Intelligence and Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Daga Sudarshan , Rajan Garima 
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Languages play an important role in shaping our brain and personality. Numerous studies in the past have found that bilingual and trilingual individuals outperform monolinguals on certain cognitive assessments. In some studies, monolinguals have outperformed the other two groups on emotional tests. Most of the studies have reported mixed findings on this topic, making it difficult to draw conclusions.
Procedure. For the first time, the present study attempts to examine linguistic ability, empathy, emotional intelligence and cognitive flexibility in an Indian sample of 90 participants (Mage = 26.86 years, SD = 7.45) (28 monolingual, 30 bilingual and 32 trilingual). Each of the participants completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index Questionnaire, Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Short Form and Colour Stroop Test on PEBL (Psychology Experiment Building Language) software.
Results. One – Way ANOVA revealed statistically significant results for Empathy [F(2,87) = 218.84, p < 0.001], Emotional Intelligence [F(2,87) = 232.19, p < 0.001] and Cognitive Flexibility [F(2,87) = 27.05, p < 0.001]. Mean empathy score was 38.67 for monolingual group, 65.86 for bilingual group and 81.25 for trilingual group. Mean emotional intelligence score was 76.32 for monolinguals, 151.93 for bilinguals and 195.15 for trilingual group. Mean conflict score was 253.24 for monolinguals, 108.29 for bilinguals and 20.64 for trilingual group. Pairwise comparisons and Tukey’s HSD displayed differences across groups, with the trilingual group outperforming the other two groups on all three variables. Results from this study showed large effect sizes (η2): 0.84 for EI, 0.83 for empathy and 0.38 for cognitive flexibility.
Conclusions. Findings from this study highlight the important role played by languages and the associated benefits they offer. Participants speaking more languages dominated this study as they had better empathy, emotional intelligence and cognitive flexibility when compared to their monolingual counterparts.