bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of eight weeks of combined training on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor- MIR132 levels and Cognitive Function in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Rabiee Mohammadreaz , Omidi Mohsen , Salesi Mohsen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Neurotrophins are factors that protect nerve tissue and improve the function of the central nervous system. In diabetes, despite insulin resistance, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and function are impaired, while physical activity has a great impact on brain function and BDNF levels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of combined training (resistance circular-aerobic) on blood sugar, insulin, MIR132, and BDNF levels, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: 40 Spraguedali rats were randomly divided into four groups: h.s (healthy sports), h.n.s(healthy non-sports), d.s (diabetes sports) d.n.s (diabetes non-sport). Rats in the training groups performed combined training for 8 weeks and the subjects' memory was assessed using a cognitive function test in a water maze. BDNF levels in the hippocampus were measured by western blotting and to measure MIR132 by the real-time PCR
Results: The present study showed that eight weeks of combined exercise resulted in a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar in the h.s group and BDNF levels of the cerebral hippocampus were also observed in the d.s group compared to the d.n.s group. But No significant difference was observed in hippocampal mir-132 between groups. By examining serum mir-132, a significant difference was observed between the d.n.s with the d.s and h.s, which was associated with a significant decrease in this variable in the exercise (h.s and d.s) groups compared to the inactive patient.
Conclusions: 8 weeks of combined training reduces BDNF in the hippocampus of the brain and the level of cognitive performance in the: h.s and ds groups compared to h.n.s and d.n.s groups increased, but no significant difference was observed between the test groups in the miR-132 variable of the hippocampus, so this type of training is very effective in improving the complications such as complications of retinopathy and neuropathy of type 2 diabetes.
Using advanced convolutional neural network approaches to reveal patient age, gender, and weight based on tongue images
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Li Li , Wei Jing , Zhang Pengwei , Turchenko Volodymyr , Vempala Naresh , Kabakov Evgueni , Habib Faisal , Gupta Arvind , Huang Huaxiong , Lee Kang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The human tongue has been long believed to be a window to provide important insights into a patient's health in medicine. The present study introduced a novel approach to predict patient age, gender, and weight inferences based on tongue images using pre-trained deep CNNs. Our results demonstrated that the deep CNN models trained on dorsal tongue images produced excellent results for age prediction with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.71 and a mean absolute error of 8.5 years. We also obtained an excellent classification of gender, with a mean accuracy of 80% and an AUC of 88%. The model also obtained a moderate level of accuracy for weight prediction, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.39 and a mean absolute error of 9.06 kilograms. These findings support our hypothesis that the human tongue contains crucial information about a patient. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using the pre-trained deep CNNs along with a large tongue image dataset to develop computational models to predict patient medical conditions for non-invasive, convenient, and inexpensive patient health monitoring and diagnosis.
Chronic kidney disease may evoke anxiety by altering CRH expression in the amygdala and tryptophan metabolism in rats
Authors: Ibos Katalin Eszter , Bodnár Éva , Dinh Hoa , Kiss Merse , Márványkövi Fanni , Kovács Zsuzsanna Z. A. , Siska Andrea , Földesi Imre , Galla Zsolt , Monostori Péter , Szatmári István , Simon Péter , Sárközy Márta , Csabafi Krisztina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with anxiety; however, its exact mechanism is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of moderate CKD on anxiety in rats. 5/6 nephrectomy was performed in male Wistar rats. 7 weeks after, anxiety-like behavior was assessed by elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), and marble burying (MB) tests. At weeks 8 and 9, urinalysis was performed, and blood and amygdala samples were collected, respectively. In the amygdala, the gene expression of Avp, as well as the gene and protein expression of Crh, Crhr1, and Crhr2 were analyzed. Furthermore, the plasma concentration of corticosterone, uremic toxins, and tryptophan metabolites were measured by UHPLC-MS/MS. Laboratory tests confirmed the development of CKD. In the CKD group, the closed arm time increased, the central time and the total number of entries decreased in the EPM. There was a reduction in rearing, central distance and time in the OF, and fewer interactions with marbles were detected during MB. CKD evoked an upregulation of Crh, Crhr1, and Crhr2 genes in the amygdala, but protein expression did not change. In the CKD group, plasma concentrations of p-cresyl-sulfate, indoxyl-sulfate, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, anthranilic acid, xanthurenic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, picolinic acid, and quinolinic acid increased. However, the levels of tryptophan, tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptophan, serotonin, and tyrosine decreased. In conclusion, moderate CKD evoked anxiety-like behavior that might be mediated by the upregulation of the amygdalar CRH system, uremic toxins and metabolites of the kynurenine pathway.
Study on the interactions between oral mucin and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside: the effect of oxidized quinone
Authors: Mao Mengqi , Li Kaixin , Liao Minjie , Chen Fang , Hu Xiaosong , Ma Lingjun , Ji Junfu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) is believed to combine with oral mucin, thus impairing oral lubrication and leading to the development of oral astringency. When C3G is oxidized into cyanidin 3-O-glucoside quinone (C3GQ), it might covalently interact with cysteine of mucin to enhance astringency. Herein, their detailed interactions at the molecule level were characterized through spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry and determination of free amino and sulfhydryl groups. The results showed that hydrogen bond and van der Waals force were the predominant non-covalent interactions. Furthermore, C3GQ could additionally bind to mucin by forming C-N and C-S bonds since the amino and sulfhydryl groups of mucin decreased by 0.48 mmol/g and 4.14 µmol/g after reacting with C3GQ. Besides, C3GQ had stronger interaction with mucin as the exothermic value of Muc-C3GQ (2513 KJ/mol) was larger than Muc-C3G (60.4 KJ/mol). These findings may explain the phenomenon of increased astringency of anthocyanins after being oxidized into quinones.
Integral equations in scattering by metasurface formed by multilayer graphene grating inside a grounded dielectric slab
Authors: Kaliberda Mstislav E. , Pogarsky Sergey A. , Sierhieieva Anastasiia A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The H-polarized waves scattering and absorption by the metasurface, which consists of multilayer grating of finite number of graphene strips inside a grounded dielectric slab is considered. The problem is formulated in the domain of Fourier transform (spectral domain). The solution is obtained in two steps. At first, the scattering operators of a single graphene grating inside the infinite dielectric medium are obtained from the singular integral equations. At the second stage, the integral equations in the operator form relatively unknown Fourier amplitudes are presented for the whole structure. The kernel-functions of these equations contain singularities at the points, which correspond to the propagation constants of the natural waves of the dielectric waveguide with perfectly electric conducting wall. To eliminate the singularities and to convert the kernel-functions to the regular ones, the regularization procedure is proposed. The approach is meshless, full-wave and convergence is guaranteed by the theorems. The numerical results for the plane wave and natural wave of corresponding dielectric waveguide with perfectly electric conducting wall incidence are presented. Special attention is paid to the excitation of the plasmon and grating-mode resonances. By taking layers with different period and chemical potential, one can control the elevation angle of the main lobe and excitation frequency of the natural waves of dielectric waveguide.
Targeted CRISPR activation and knockout screenings identify novel drug transporters
Authors: Li Yufeng , Tan Minkang , Sun Shengnan , Stea Elena , Pang Baoxu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Tissue-specific drug uptake has not been well studied, compared to the deeper understanding of drug resistance mediated by the cellular efflux system such as MDR1 proteins. It has been suggested that many drugs need active or defined transporters to pass the cell membrane. In contrast to efflux components that are induced after anti-cancer drugs reach the intracellular compartment, drug importers are required for initial drug responses. Furthermore, tissue-specific uptake of anti-cancer drugs may directly impact the side effects of many drugs when they accumulate in healthy tissues. Therefore, linking anti-cancer drugs to their respective drug import transporters would directly help to predict drug responses, whilst minimizing side effects. We designed and applied customized CRISPR activation and knockout libraries targeting all potential human transporters to identify potential drug transporters of the commonly used anti-cancer drug doxorubicin. Integrating the data from these comprehensive CRISPR screenings, we confirmed previously indicated doxorubicin exporters such as ABCB1 and ABCG2 genes, and identified novel doxorubicin importer gene SLC2A3 (GLUT3). The newly identified importers may have direct clinical implications for the personalized application of doxorubicin in treating distinct tumors.
Unique speciation and antibiotic susceptibility of acne complicated by gram negative folliculitis
Authors: Kumar Bipul , Sardana Kabir , Gautam Hemant K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Gram-negative folliculitis (GNF) is an infection that is seen as a complication in patients with acne vulgaris and is consequent to long term received systemic antibiotics. Two main types have been described; type-I is around 80% of cases with the presence of multiple papules and pustules and type-II occurs in 20% of cases with the characterization of inflammation of nodules or cyst. Objective of current study is to characterize the gram-negative bacteria from GNF lesions and evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility against some of the commercially available antibiotics. The confirmatory characterization of isolated bacteria has been performed, using 16S rRNA sequencing and broth dilution assay has been performed to evaluate minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics against isolated gram negative bacteria. There are 21 different gram-negative bacterial strains have been characterized and submitted to NCBI which mainly contains Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phylum primarily belong to the descriptions of all isolated gram-negative bacteria from acne lesions. The abundance of family bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae, Moraxellaceae and Paenibacillaceae was 77%, 19% and 4% respectively. Klebsiella , Enterobacter and Acinetobacter demonstrated resistance to erythromycin, zinc oxide, azelaic acid, nadifloxacin, and gentamicin, while tetracycline and doxycycline tolerance was shown only by E. liudwigii. The current study shows that Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter sp., Proteus mirabilis and Acinetobacter sp. bacterial strains may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative folliculitis.
Vision-and-Language Pretraining: Methods, Applications, and Future Challenges
Authors: Nguyen Thong , Nguyen Cong-Duy , Wu Xiaobao , Ng See-Kiong , Luu Anh-Tuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the burgeoning amount of data of image-text pairs and diversity of Vision-and-Language (V&L) tasks, scholars have introduced an abundance of deep learning models in this research domain. Furthermore, in recent years, transfer learning has also shown tremendous success in Computer Vision for tasks such as Image Classification, Object Detection, etc., and in Natural Language Processing for Question Answering, Machine Translation, etc. Inheriting the spirit of Transfer Learning, research works in V&L have devised multiple pretraining techniques on large-scale datasets in order to enhance the performance of downstream tasks. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive revision of contemporary V&L pretraining models. In particular, we categorize and delineate pretrain-ing approaches, along with the summary of state-of-the-art vision-and-language pretrained models. Moreover, a list of training datasets and downstream tasks is supplied to further polish the perspective into V&L pretraining. Lastly, we decided to take a further step to discuss numerous directions for future research.
Tamoxifen-predictive value of gene expression signatures in premenopausal breast cancer - data from the randomized SBII:2 trial
Authors: Lundgren Christine , Tutzauer Julia , Church Sarah E , Stål Olle , Ekholm Maria , Forsare Carina , Nordenskjöld Bo , Fernö Mårten , Bendahl Pär-Ola , Rydén Lisa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND Gene expression (GEX) signatures in breast cancer provide prognostic information, but little is known about their predictive value for tamoxifen treatment. We examined the tamoxifen-predictive value and prognostic effects of different GEX signatures in premenopausal women with early breast cancer. METHODS RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from premenopausal women randomized between two years of tamoxifen treatment and no systemic treatment was extracted and successfully subjected to GEX profiling (n = 437, NanoString Breast Cancer 360™ panel). The median follow-up periods for a recurrence-free interval (RFi) and overall survival (OS) were 28 and 33 years, respectively. Associations between GEX signatures and tamoxifen effect were assessed in patients with estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER+/HER2−) tumors using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression. The prognostic effects of GEX signatures were studied in the entire cohort. False discovery rate adjustments (q-values) were applied to account for multiple hypothesis testing. RESULTS In patients with ER+/HER2 − tumors,FOXA1expression below the median was associated with an improved effect of tamoxifen after 10 years with regards to RFi (hazard ratio [HR]FOXA1(high): 1.04, HRFOXA1(low): 0.3), and the same pattern was observed forAR(HRAR(high): 1.15, HRAR(low): 0.42). Similar trends were observed for OS. Tamoxifen was in the same subgroup most beneficial in patients with lowESR1expression (HRRFiESR1(high): 0.76, HRRFi,ESR1(low): 0.56). Irrespective of molecular subtype, higher levels ofESR1, Mast cells, andPGRon a continuous scale were correlated with improved 10 years RFi (HRESR1: 0.80,q = 0.005; HRMast cells: 0.74,q < 0.0001; and HRPGR: 0.78,q = 0.002). For BC proliferation and Hypoxia, higher scores were associated with worse outcomes (HRBCproliferation: 1.54;q < 0.0001) and Hypoxia (HRHypoxia: 1.38;q < 0.0001). The results were similar for OS. CONCLUSIONS Expression ofFOXA1is a promising predictive biomarker for tamoxifen effect in ER+/HER2 − premenopausal breast cancer. In addition, each of the signatures BC proliferation, Hypoxia, Mast cells, and the GEX ofAR,ESR1, andPGRhad prognostic value, also after adjusting for established prognostic factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was retrospectively registered in the ISRCTN database the 6th of December 2019, trial ID: ISRCTN12474687.
Inter-species competition of surface bacterial flora of pomegranate and their role in spoilage
Authors: Pant Indu , Ravindranath Shashidhar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The surface of fruits is heterogenous in term of its microenvironment hence dictate the kind of microflora that develops during storage. A better understanding of spoilage organisms would lead to better preservation methods. The pomegranate was chosen, since its sturdy and spoils slow at room temperature and is ideal for studying fruit spoilage in-situ. In the current study we isolated organisms from fruit surface and study the spoilage and competition amongst microbial species. Total 17 unique bacterial isolates from pomegranate were identified. The 16s rRNA gene identification placed them in 8 major genera (Acinetobacter, Micrococcus, Pantoea, Microbacterium, Strenotrophomonas, Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Exiguobacterium). Competition assay among isolate suggested that Exiguobacterium is dominant species followed by Micrococcus, Pantoea and Bacillus. The consortium of 3 different combinations (5 bacteria each) of isolated bacteria showed the spoilage phenotype on pomegranate. Except for 3 bacterial isolates, the rest of the isolates produced any one or multiple enzymes associated with the food spoilage (cellulase, amylase, lactase, pectinase and protease). The isolates were checked for the presence of genes associated with antibiotic resistance and 78.9% of the tested micro-organisms were blaTEM positive. Aminoglycoside resistance genes were present in 10% of the tested microbes. This study demonstrated interspecies competition amongst spoilage organisms. This understanding of surface flora of fruit would give better insights to preserve fruits.
The Proteomics Analysis of Exosomes Revealed the Possible Function of HSPD1 Protein in Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Li Yujie , Wen Qiude , Cao Hui , Wang Nan , Wang Yan , Wen Tingting , Wang Jianjun , Zhu Hong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Exosomes containing various protein components play important roles in cell communication. In the present study, a systematic proteomic analysis of exosomes obtained from H. pylori infected cells was performed.
Methods: Exosomes were evaluated by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. The recognized protein components were quantified by label-free proteomics and subjected to bioinformatics assays. The expression of HSPD1 in exosomes, host cells and gastric cancers infected by H. pylori was determined by western blotting and immunohistochemical respectively. In addition, the apoptotic regulation mechanisms of HSPD1 in H. pyloriinfection were analyzed by western blotting and flow cytometry.
Results: A total of 120 important differential proteins were recognized in the exosomes from H. pylori-infected cells and subjected to Gene Ontology analysis. Among them, CD63 and HSP-70 were verified via western blotting. Moreover, HSPD1 expression was significantly increased, while ERK1/2 expression was markedly decreased in the exosomes from H. pylori-infected GES-1 cells. H. pylori infection promoted an abnormal increase in HSPD1 expression in GES-1 cells, AGS cells, gastric mucosa and gastric cancer according to western blotting and multicolor immunohistochemistry.In addition, knockdown of HSPD1 suppressed the apoptosis of infected cells and the expression of Bcl2, and promoted the upregulation of Bax, as determined through flow cytometry and western blotting.
Conclusion: The present study provided a comprehensive proteomic description of exosomes from H. pylori-infected cells, and found that HSPD1 may play important roles in the process of H. pylori infection.
Study in two new patchy ecosystem models with commensalism
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Xia Yue , Chen Fengde , Li Zhong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, two new patchy ecosystem models with commensalism are proposed. The environmental capacity of one species is enhanced due to commensalism. When the species has logical growth, commensalism can only increase the density. However, when the species has strong Allee effect, commensalism has great influence on the dynamic behavior of the system such as the emergence of the positive equilibrium and saddle-node bifurcation. Also, once the strong Allee effect is incorporated, the corresponding model has bistable attractors including a stable boundary equilibrium and a stable positive equilibrium. Commensalism is beneficial to the persistence of the species.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 34C25; 92D25; 34D20; 34D40
Neuromedin B receptor as a potential therapeutic target for corticotroph adenomas
Authors: Sekizaki Tomonori , Kameda Hiraku , Nakamura Akinobu , Kuwabara Saki , Nomoto Hiroshi , Cho Kyu Yong , Ishi Yukitomo , Motegi Hiroaki , Miyoshi Hideaki , Atsumi Tatsuya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose Cushing’s disease (CD) results from autonomous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion by pituitary corticotroph adenomas, leading to excessive cortisol production, ultimately affecting morbidity and mortality. Pasireotide is the only FDA approved tumor directed treatment for CD, but it is effective in only about 25% of patients, and is associated with a high rate of hyperglycemia. Neuromedin B (NMB), a member of the bombesin-like peptide family, regulates endocrine secretion and cell proliferation. Here, we assessed NMB and NMB receptor (NMBR) expression in human corticotroph adenomas and the effects of NMBR antagonist PD168368 on murine and human corticotroph tumors.Methods To investigate NMB and NMBR expression, real-time qPCR and immunostaining on human pathological specimens of corticotroph, non-functional and somatotroph pituitary adenomas were performed. The effects of PD168368 on hormone secretion and cell proliferation were studied in vitro, in vivo and in seven patient-derived corticotroph adenoma cells. NMB and NMBR were expressed in higher extent in human corticotroph adenomas compared with non-functional or somatotroph adenomas.Results In murine AtT-20 cells, PD168368 reduced proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) mRNA/protein expression and ACTH secretion as well as cell proliferation. In mice with tumor xenografts, tumor growth, ACTH and corticosterone were downregulated by PD168368. In patient-derived adenoma cells, PD168368 reduced POMC mRNA expression in four out of seven cases and ACTH secretion in two out of five cases. A PD168368-mediated cyclin E suppression was also identified in AtT-20 and patient-derived cells.Conclusion NMBR antagonist represents a potential treatment for CD and its effect may be mediated by cyclin E suppression.