bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Underwater Bionic Snake Soft Robot with Tunable Deformation and Motion Based on Composite Materials
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Yuan Zheng , Guo Qinghao , Wang Wenhao , Liu Huibin , Liu Anqin , Ge Zhixing , Yu Haibo , Yang Wenguang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoft‐bodied aquatic organisms and amphibians have different locomotion forms optimized for the living environment. With the increase of scientific research on oceanographic engineering, more and more researchers are paying attention to the underwater movement of bionic robots. Currently, underwater robots face two critical problems, that is, the inefficient actuation of traditional stimulatory response materials and the inability to ensure accurate spatiotemporal control of deformation. In this study, a soft stimulus‐responsive material is designed for remote cordless control in the water environment. An underwater bionic snake soft robot is fabricated using a temperature‐sensitive hydrogel Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and carbon nanotubes with the ability to convert light into heat. Tunable shape deformation and movement, including the concertina and serpentine locomotion of a light‐driven bionic snake soft robot, are realized by controlling the position of joints through light illumination. In addition, the transport of rod‐like objects, obstacle‐surmounting, and working on different surfaces are achieved by the bionic snake robot. This study will provide references for research on the multiple underwater locomotion forms of light‐driven soft robots.
Multifunctional Terahertz Spoof Plasmonic Devices
Authors: Gao Xinxin , Chen Bao Jie , Shum Kam‐Man , Ma Qian , Cui Wen Yi , Cui Tie Jun , Chan Chi Hou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe next‐generation wireless communications and intrachip and interchip communications require high‐speed terahertz (THz) interconnects. The interconnects based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) provide a possible route to achieve this goal. Recently, some THz plasmonic devices are explored, but they suffer from bulk sizes and/or single function. Herein, planar multifunctional THz plasmonic devices based on the interaction between SSPPs and spoof localized surface plasmon (SLSPs) including the functions of pass‐through transmission, multifrequency resonances, and phase shift are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The pass‐through transmission can be realized on the SSPP waveguide by increasing the loss of the coupled SLSP resonator; the multifrequency resonances are obtained by placing the SU‐8 films with different thicknesses on the SLSP resonator due to its high sensitivity; and the phase shift can be achieved by integrating the SU‐8 film on the SSPP waveguide due to the flexible dispersion behaviors of SSPPs. The proposed multifunctional THz plasmonic devices hold great promise for the THz on‐chip integrations, wireless communications, and sensing systems.
Design and Synthesis of Asymmetric Au(III) Complexes Exhibiting Bright Anisotropic Emission for High‐Performance Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kuo Hsin‐Hung , Kumar Sudhir , Omongos Rashen Lou , T. do Casal Mariana , Usteri Marc Eduard , Wörle Michael , Escudero Daniel , Shih Chih‐Jen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOrganic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are emerging as one of the most promising candidates for next‐generation optoelectronics. However, most commercial OLED displays are fabricated using organometallic phosphors containing rare transition metals, such as Ir(III) and Pt(II). Recently, the development of efficient phosphorescent emitters based on abundant Au(III) is drawing considerable attention. Here, rational molecular design of a series of Au(III) organometallic complexes consisting of asymmetric C^C^N ligands and carbazole moieties functionalized by phenyl or mesityl groups is presented. The synthesized complexes exhibit shortened radiative lifetimes, and reach improved photoluminescence quantum yield, ηPL, of greater than 93% in thin films. Moreover, the asymmetric molecular design induces anisotropic emission with a high ratio of horizontally oriented transition dipole moment of up to 82% in host‐guest films. Accordingly, high‐performance OLED devices with record‐high external quantum efficiencies, ηext, and current efficiencies, ηCE, of up to 27% and 89 cd A−1, respectively, are demonstrated. It is believed that the molecular design of anisotropic Au(III) emitters will be greatly facilitated by the fundamental principles and theoretical analysis presented here.
Chiral Perovskite Nanoplatelets with Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence in the Strong Confinement Regime
Authors: Cao Qinxuan , Song Ruyi , Chan Christopher C. S. , Wang Zhiyu , Wong Pui Ying , Wong Kam Sing , Blum Volker , Lu Haipeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChiral perovskite nanocrystals have emerged as an interesting chiral excitonic platform that combines both structural flexibility and superior optoelectronic properties. Despite several recent demonstrations of optical activity in various chiral perovskite nanocrystals, efficient circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with tunable energies remains a challenge. The chirality imprinting mechanism as a function of perovskite nanocrystal dimensionality remains elusive. Here, atomically thin inorganic perovskite nanoplatelets (NPLs) are synthesized with precise control of layer thickness and are functionalized by chiral surface ligands, serving as a unique platform to probe the chirality transfer mechanism at the organic/perovskite interface. It is found that chirality is successfully imprinted into mono‐, bi‐, and tri‐layer inorganic perovskite NPLs, exhibiting tunable circular dichroism (CD) and CPL responses. However, chirality transfer decreases in thicker NPLs, resulting in decreased CD and CPL dissymmetry factors for thicker NPLs. Aided by large‐scale first‐principles calculations, it is proposed that chirality transfer is mainly mediated through a surface distortion rather than a hybridization of electronic states, giving rise to symmetry breaking in the perovskite lattice and spin‐split conduction bands. The findings described here provide an in‐depth understanding of chirality transfer and design principles for distorted‐surface perovskites for chiral photonic applications.
Enantiomerically Pure Fullerenes as a Means to Enhance the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Shi Wenda , Zhuang Qiang , Zhou Rui , Hou Xueyan , Zhao Xiaoming , Kong Jie , Fuchter Matthew J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe rapidly advancing improvements in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are driven, in part, by the inclusion of suitable electron transport layers (ETLs) in high performance devices. Fullerene derivatives are particularly useful ETLs in PSCs, but many of the utilized fullerenes are present as isomeric mixtures. The opportunities presented by single‐isomer, single‐enantiomer fullerenes in PSCs are poorly understood. Here, inverted PSCs are prepared using bis[60]phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester derivative (anti)16,17‐bis[60]PCBM, comparing the performance of enantiomerically pure material to the corresponding racemate. The single enantiomer devices are found to have an improved performance, giving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.2%, compared to 20.1% PCE for the racemate. It is also shown that enantiomerically pure PSC modules can be prepared with a state‐of‐the‐art PCE of 20.1%. Such excellent performance for the single enantiomer devices is accompanied by enhanced operational stability. This study thus provides strong evidence that single isomer ETLs can provide important improvements in PSC performance and it positions chiral fullerenes as an exciting material class moving forward.
Practical Access to meta‐Substituted Anilines by Amination of Quinone Imine Ketals Derived from Anisidines: Efficient Synthesis of Anti‐Psychotic Drugs
Authors: Yadav Naveen , Taneja Neha , Musib Dulal , Hazra Chinmoy Kumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReversing the conventional site‐selectivity of C−H activation provides efficient retrosynthetic disconnections to otherwise unreactive bonds. Described herein is the Brønsted acid‐catalyzed reaction that selectively performs meta‐amination of anisidines with aliphatic‐, heterocyclic‐ and aromatic amines in a one‐pot procedure. In addition to dramatically simplifying the synthesis of meta‐substituted anilines, our approach has the advantage of the scalability and remarkable functional group tolerance, including late‐stage functionalization of pharmaceutical compounds and natural products. The control experiments and detailed computational analysis provide insight into the reaction mechanism and the origin of meta‐selectivity. The protocol extended to the synthesis of challenging tri‐aminated arenes and successfully applied for the efficient synthesis of 5‐HT6 receptor antagonists, the anti‐psychotic drugs viz.. SB‐214111, SB‐258510, and specifically, anti‐schizophrenic drug SB‐271046.
Oxidative stability and characterization of oleogels obtained from safflower oil‐based beeswax and rice bran wax and their effect on the quality of cake samples
Authors: Badem Şebnem , Baştürk Ayhan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSafflower oil‐based oleogels were produced from beeswax and rice bran wax. Oleogels demonstrated higher oxidative stability than shortening at the cooking temperature. Peroxide values in shortening, rice bran wax oleogels, and beeswax oleogels samples were found in the range of 4.8–27.76, 13.21–20.45 and 4.30–7.72 meqO2kg−1 oil. Following oleogelation, there was no significant change in fatty acid composition of safflower oil. In addition, after baking process, the changes in the major fatty acids were not determined to be significant. Solid fat content ratios (carried out at 35°C) of rice bran wax oleogels, in beeswax oleogels and in shortening samples were defined in the range of 4.10%–7.70%, 0.80%–5.00%, and 9.61%, respectively. The highest oil binding capacity was revealed in beeswax oleogels with 99.93%–99.98%. The shortest crystallization time was determined as 3 min in oleogel containing 10% rice bran wax. Cakes consisted of oleogel were acceptable in terms of texture and sensory properties compared to cake produced with shortening. Sensory results revealed that some cakes produced with oleogels were found to be more acceptable as compared with control group samples. In this respect, oleogels produced with safflower oil‐based beeswax and rice bran wax could be used instead of commercial solid fat widely used in the cake industry.
Ethyl cellulose/hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose‐based oleogel shortening: Effect on batter rheology and physical properties of sponge cake
Authors: Naeli Mohammad Hossein , Milani Jafar M. , Farmani Jamshid , Zargaraan Azizollaah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study attempts to fill the gap in ongoing research on the design, optimization, and characterization of ethyl cellulose/hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose‐based (EC/HPMC‐based) low‐saturated oleogel‐shortenings by examining their functional effects on physicochemical, and rheological properties in the cupcake and its batter. Thus, the commercial shortening was completely replaced with the oleogel‐shortenings in the cake formulation and, then, characteristics of the batter (including specific gravity, emulsion stability, and rheological properties), and cake samples (specific volume, moisture content, and texture properties) were evaluated and compared with each other and the control samples (containing commercial‐shortening). In short, the EC‐based‐ and EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batters had more specific gravity and emulsion stability than the control‐batter. Liner viscoelastic rang in EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batter, EC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batter, and control‐batter was 0.212%, 0.159%, and 0.195%, respectively. EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batter had a more viscoelastic behavior than EC‐based‐oleogel‐shortening‐batter after the control‐batter (p < 0.05). The results of frequency sweep and dynamic shear tests indicated a higher similarity of the rheological behavior of the EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortening‐batter with the control‐batter. The results of moisture content and texture profile analysis of the cake samples indicated a slower staling in the oleogel‐shortenings containing samples, especially EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortening type.
Polyetheretherketone blends with excellent properties achieved via crosslinkable polyetherimide at high temperatures
Authors: Bai Xiaoxue , Niu Sen , Wang Chunyan , Zhang Yunhe , Jiang Zhenhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the development of science and technology, polymer materials that work at high temperatures are widely needed. However, currently available polymers are limited to relatively low operating temperatures, with various properties rapidly degrading at high temperatures. Here, with crosslinked polyetherimide (c‐PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is modified by mechanical blending and extrusion granulation to prepare c‐PEI/PEEK polymer blends. Compared with the commercial polyetherimide (s‐PEI) without crosslinking groups, the construction of its crosslinking network in c‐PEI further restricts the movement of molecular segments and more significantly improves the thermodynamic properties of PEEK at high temperature. This work systematically investigates the effect of the crosslinking degree of polymer blends on performance and balances processability and other properties by controlling the crosslinking degree. Furthermore, this work demonstrates a feasible strategy to fabricate high‐performance polymer materials with high temperature resistance.
Synthesis and characterization of a contorted hexabenzocoronene epoxy toward high thermal stability and thermal conductivity
Authors: Kang Minsung , Lee Dohee , Kim Hyeon Woo , Ahn Seokhoon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA contorted hexabenzocorone (HBC) mesogen based epoxy was synthesized and characterized for high thermal stability and thermal conductivity. Since HBC has a nano‐graphene like structure, which would have strong pi–pi interactions, it was expected that HBC epoxy would have superior heat resistance and thermal conductivity. Based on this hypothesis, HBC containing four epoxy groups at edges was synthesized and confirmed by NMR and mass spectrum. HBC epoxy was cured with diaminophenolsulfone and their thermal stability and thermal conductivity were investigated. As expected, the decomposition of 5 wt% occurred at 323.44°C, and thermal conductivity was 0.32 W/mK where the general thermal conductivity of epoxy resins is around 0.2 W/mK. Such enhancement of thermal properties would be explained by the formation of pi–pi stacking of HBC mesogens.
Widely targeted metabolomics analysis reveals the differences in nonvolatile compounds of citronella before and after drying
Authors: Xiong Yun , Ma Peijie , Yan Yitong , Huang Limei , Li Yajiao , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCitronella is used as a spice and a traditional herbal medicine. Dried citronella is easy to store and transport, and it is unclear whether dried citronella has more or fewer medicinal components compared to fresh citronella. In the present study, various metabolites in fresh and dry citronella were detected using a widely targeted metabolomics strategy. We identified 712 metabolites and classified them into 31 categories, and we identified 132 flavonoids. After citronella was dried, the quantities of most kinds of flavonoids increased, but the quantities of amino acids, organic acids, and vitamins decreased, and the quantity of quercetin increased significantly. Therefore, the medicinal value of dry citronella may have increased, and the nutritional value of amino acids and vitamins may have decreased. The results of this study can serve as a new theoretical reference to study citronella and promote its nutrition and medicinal chemical composition.
Development and validation of an HPLC–MS/MS method to simultaneously quantify brigatinib, lorlatinib, pralsetinib and selpercatinib in human K2‐EDTA plasma
Authors: Gulikers Judith L. , van Veelen Ard J. , Sinkiewicz Elishia M. J. , de Beer Yvo M. , Slikkerveer Mariëlle , Stolk Leo M. L. , Tjan‐Heijnen Vivianne C. G. , Hendriks Lizza E. L. , Croes Sander , van Geel Robin M. J. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to quantify the small‐molecule inhibitors (SMIs) brigatinib, lorlatinib, pralsetinib and selpercatinib, which are used in patients with oncogenic‐driven non‐small cell lung cancer. Chromatographic separation was performed on a HyPURITY® C18 analytical column with a gradient elution using ammonium acetate in water and in methanol, both acidified with formic acid 0,1%. Detection and quantification were performed using a triple quad mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization interface. The assay was validated over a linear range of 50–2,500 ng/ml for brigatinib, 25–1,000 ng/ml for lorlatinib, 100–10,000 ng/ml for pralsetinib and 50–5,000 ng/ml for selpercatinib. All four SMIs were stable for at least 7 days under cool conditions (2–8°C), and at least 24 h at room temperature (15–25°C) in K2‐EDTA plasma. Under freezing conditions (−20°C), all SMIs were stable for at least 30 days, except for the lowest quality control (QCLOW) of pralsetinib. The QCLOW of pralsetinib was stable for at least 7 days at −20°C. This method provides an efficient and simple way to quantify four SMIs with a single assay in clinical practice.
Green innovation and the stock market value of heavily polluting firms: The role of environmental compliance costs and technological collaboration
Authors: Tian Jinhuan , Dong Yan , Vagnani Gianluca , Liu Peizhong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a moderated‐mediation model to investigate the relationship between green innovation, as measured by green patent stocks, and firms' stock market value, as measured by Tobin's Q. Using longitudinal data drawn from 351 heavily polluting firms in China's A‐share market from 2007 to 2018, we find that green innovation is likely to affect firms' stock market value positively. A 1% increase in the green innovation over assets index will enhance by 0.18% the Tobin's Q at the firm level. Environmental compliance costs significantly mediate the green innovation‐firms' stock market value association by 8.5%. We also emphasize the positive moderating role of technological collaboration with public research organizations on green innovation‐environmental compliance costs linkage. Our results emphasize that the recurrent question in the extant literature “does it pay to be green?” should be substituted by “how and under what conditions does it pay to be green for firms?” and further stress how firms obtain sustainable development in the environment and economy through green innovation. Implications for firms and investors are also proposed.
Gellan gum spongy‐like hydrogel‐based dual antibiotic therapy for infected diabetic wounds
Authors: Mendes Ana Isabel , Fraga Alexandra Gabriel , Peixoto Maria João , Aroso Ivo , Longatto‐Filho Adhemar , Marques Alexandra Pinto , Pedrosa Jorge 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot infection (DFI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics are fundamental for treating DFI, although bacterial biofilm formation and associated pathophysiology can reduce their effectiveness. Additionally, antibiotics are often associated with adverse reactions. Hence, improved antibiotic therapies are required for safer and effective DFI management. On this regard, drug delivery systems (DDSs) constitute a promising strategy. We propose a gellan gum (GG)‐based spongy‐like hydrogel as a topical and controlled DDS of vancomycin and clindamycin, for an improved dual antibiotic therapy against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in DFI. The developed DDS presents suitable features for topical application, while promoting the controlled release of both antibiotics, resulting in a significant reduction of in vitro antibiotic‐associated cytotoxicity without compromising antibacterial activity. The therapeutic potential of this DDS was further corroborated in vivo, in a diabetic mouse model of MRSA‐infected wounds. A single DDS administration allowed a significant bacterial burden reduction in a short period of time, without exacerbating host inflammatory response. Taken together, these results suggest that the proposed DDS represents a promising strategy for the topical treatment of DFI, potentially overcoming limitations associated with systemic antibiotic administration and minimizing the frequency of administration.
Position of lumbar plexus nerves in the psoas major: Application to transpsoas approaches to the lumbar spine
Authors: Zhang Zhenfeng , Zhao Qinghao , Cheng Liang , Zheng Zhiyang , Chen Junjie , Liu Zexian , Gao Yuan , Wang Guoliang , Li Qingchu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFar lateral interbody fusion is a minimally invasive operating technique. However, the incidence of postoperative neurological complications is high, and some scholars question its safety. This study describes the neuroanatomical features and spatial orientation within the psoas major. Ten embalmed male cadavers were selected and the left psoas major was dissected. Subsequently, the area between the anterior and the posterior edges of the vertebral body was divided into three equal zones. The nerves' distribution, number, and spatial orientation of the L1/2 to L4/5 intervertebral discs were examined. A caliper was used to measure the diameter of the nerve. The safety zone of the L1/2 intervertebral disc level is located in zone I and II, the relative safe zones of the L2/3 and L4/5 intervertebral discs are located in zone II, and the safety zone of the L3/4 intervertebral disc level is located in the caudal side of zone II. The genitofemoral nerve exits the psoas major in a co‐trunk or two‐branch pattern, and its exit point was distributed between the L3 and L4 vertebral bodies, mainly at the L3/4 intervertebral disc level. The sympathetic ganglia in the psoas major appeared only in zone I at the L2/3 intervertebral disc level. This is a systematic anatomical study that describes the nerves of the psoas major. Spine surgeons can use this study—which consists of important clinical implications—for preoperative planning, and thus, reduce the risk of nerve injury during surgery.
What's old is new again: The anatomical studies of Franklin P. Mall and the fascial‐interstitial spaces
Authors: Pirri Carmelo , Wells Rebecca G. , De Caro Raffaele , Stecco Carla , Theise Neil D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFranklin Mall was one of the foremost scientists of the turn of the 19th century, an exemplary mentor as well as researcher, and his revolutionary contributions are still relevant today. Mall's early training in Leipzig with Wilhelm His and Carl Ludwig provided him with an unusual perspective on the integration of anatomy and physiology, and his interest in the links between structure and function guided the work he carried out after joining the faculty of the new Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Mall carried out innovative studies on the one hand using dye injection to trace blood and lymphatic supplies to different organs and on the other hand using “putrefaction” to digest tissues and study the organization of the reticular space, demonstrating that it was the underlying source of support for all the organs. These two studies of Mall's, carried out independently, provide the basis for modern studies integrating the understanding of fascia and interstitial spaces.