bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Milestones of Electrocatalyst Development for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells
Authors: Nguyen Anh Quoc Khuong , Pham Hau Quoc , Huynh Suong Thi Minh , Huynh Tai Thien 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith increasing energy demands and environmental issues, renewable energy‐related conversion systems have gained significant attention as a potential substitute for traditional fossil fuel‐based energy technologies. First introduced by S.W.Grove in 1838, fuel cells have been extensively developed into many different types, and direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) are of interest as a potential power source because of their large power density, quick start, simplicity, and nearly zero emission. However, the high cost and poor catalytic efficiency of current catalysts are primary barriers to commercializing DAFCs. Designing advanced nanocatalysts for both anode and cathode electrodes is of crucial importance for practical DAFC development; however, a brief evaluation of current progress in electrocatalyst development for the alcohol oxidation reaction (AOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is still very little. Herein, recent advances in fuel cell catalysts, mainly focusing on several most active areas (i.e., Pt‐ and Pt‐free‐based catalysts, metal‐free carbon, carbon‐based nonprecious metal composites) are concisely summarized. Also, challenges and prospects for DAFCs are highlighted to supply a comprehensive view for further designing high‐performance DAFC catalysts.
Certifiable management standards, labor productivity, and worker wages: Evidence from the food sector in Vietnam
Authors: Trifkovic Neda 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFood production and trade have become inseparable from requirements about product quality and safety, as well as social and environmental aspects of production processes. To demonstrate compliance with these requirements, firms adopt voluntary private certifiable management standards (CMS). How these affect trade, organizational performance, and employee outcomes has become an area of active research in the last decade. This paper analyses how standards affect labor productivity and wages using a 3‐year panel of small and medium firms from the food sector in Vietnam covering the period 2010–2014. Even though the prevalence of CMS in the sample is low, the results show that standards improve both labor productivity and wages. However, the difference in the size of the productivity and wage premiums attributable to standards is not significant. This implies that CMS can be a useful management practice for improving firm productivity when combined with a fair compensation of human resources. The findings are important for lower‐income countries facing low rates of adoption of private CMS and the evolving consumer preferences increasingly attuned to the issues of product quality, food safety, and environmental risks. The results are robust to several specification changes and estimation methods, including firm fixed effects, control function, and instrumental variable approach, which take endogeneity of certification into account. [EconLit Citations: L66, D22, J4, J81, O12].
Fast Polysulfide Conversion Catalysis and Reversible Anode Operation by A Single Cathode Modifier in Li‐Metal Anode‐Free Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhao Yun , Huang Limin , Zhao Dan , Yang Lee Jim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe two major issues confronting the commercialization of rechargeable lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries are the sluggish kinetics of the sulfur electrochemical reactions on the cathode and inadequate lithium deposition/stripping reversibility on the anode. They are commonly mitigated with additives designed specifically for the anode and the cathode individually. Here, we report the use of a single cathode modifier, In2Se3, which can effectively catalyse the polysulfide reactions on the cathode, and also improve the reversibility of Li deposition and removal on the anode through a LiInS2/LiInSe2 containing solid electrolyte interface formed in situ by the Se and In ions dissolved in the electrolyte. The amounts of dissolved Se and In are small relative to the amount of In2Se3 administered. The benefits of using this single modification approach were verified in Li‐metal anode‐free Li−S batteries with a Li2S loading of 4 mg cm−2 and a low electrolyte/Li2S ratio of 7.5 μL mg−1. The resulting battery showed 60 % capacity retention after 160 cycles at the 0.2 C rate and an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.27 %, comparing very well with recent studies using separate electrode modifiers.
Template‐Oriented Polyaniline‐Supported Palladium Nanoclusters for Reductive Homocoupling of Furfural Derivatives
Authors: Guo Dongwen , Jiang Kai , Gan Hui , Ren Yanwei , Long Jinxing , Li Yingwei , Yin Biaolin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeveloping well‐defined structures and desired properties for porous organic polymer (POP) supported catalysts by controlling their composition, size, and morphology is of great significance. Herein, we report a preparation of polyaniline (PANI) supported Pd nanoparticles (NPs) with controllable structure and morphology. The protocol involves the introduction of MnO2 with different crystal structures (α, β, γ, δ, ϵ) serving as both the reaction template and the oxidant. The different forms of MnO2 each convert aniline to a PANI that contains a unique regular distribution of benzene and quinone. This leads to the Pd/PANI catalysts with different charge transfer properties between Pd and PANI, as well as different dispersions of the metal NPs. In this case, the Pd/ϵ‐PANI catalyst greatly improves the turnover frequency (TOF; to 88.3 h−1), in the reductive coupling of furfural derivatives to potential bio‐based plasticizers. Systematic characterizations reveal the unique oxidation state of the support in the Pd/ϵ‐PANI catalyst and coordination mode of Pd that drives the formation of highly dispersed Pd nanoclusters. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the more electron rich Pd/PANI catalyst has the lower energy barrier in the oxidative addition step, which favors the C−C coupling reaction.
Synergistic Palladium/Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereo‐divergent Bissilylation of Alkynoates: Scope, Mechanism, and Origin of Selectivity
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Ding Linlin , Sun Yingman , Wang Minyan , Zhao Dongbing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed bissilylation reactions of alkynes with disilane reagents have become one of the most straightforward and efficient protocols to rapidly produce structurally diverse alkenyl silicon derivatives. In these reactions, the utilization of unsymmetrical disilane reagents provided the possibilities for reactivity enhancement as well as the synthetic merits in contrast to symmetrical disilane reagents. However, a major yet challenging objective is achieving precise control over the selectivity including the regioselectivity and the cis/trans‐selectivity. Herein we realized the first divergent bissilylation of alkynoates with our developed air‐stable disilane reagent 8‐(2‐substituted‐1,1,2,2‐tetramethyldisilanyl)quinoline (TMDQ) by means of synergistic Pd/Lewis acid catalytic system. The catalytic system precisely dictates the selectivity, resulting in the divergent synthesis of 1,2‐bissilyl alkenes. The power of these 1,2‐bissilyl alkenes serving as the key synthetic intermediates has been clearly demonstrated by rapid construction of diverse motifs and densely functionalized biologically active compounds. In addition, the origins of the switchable selectivities were well elucidated by experimental and computational studies on the reaction mechanism and were mainly attributed to different ligand steric effects, the use of the specific disilane reagent TMDQ and the different coordination modes of different Lewis acid with alkynoates.
First‐principles Calculations Reveal Frictional Advantage for C2N/C6N6 van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Mukherjee Moumita , Mandal Sucharita , Datta Ayan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFriction at the atomic scale is determined for three different carbon nitride structures namely C2N/C2N, C6N6/C6N6 and C6N6/C2N employing ab‐initio density functional theory (DFT). The sliding path along the lowest energy corrugations determines the static frictional forces. Both the homo‐layer structures (C2N/C2N and C6N6/C6N6) have higher corrugation energy and correspondingly higher static lateral forces with respect to the hetero‐layer structure (C2N/C6N6). The corrugation energy for the C2N/C6N6 heterostructure (
=0.29 meV/atom) is one‐order lower than C2N/C2N (
=2.08 meV/atom) and C6N6/C6N6 (
=4.37 meV/atom). Such a significantly lower corrugation energy for the heterostructure arises due to the reduced fluctuation in the interfacial charge density along the sliding pathway. Moreover, the change in the interlayer distance along the sliding pathway is only 0.2 Å for the heterostructure while its 0.3 Å and 0.4 Å for C2N and C6N6 homo‐layers respectively. The friction coefficients (FL/FN, FL=static lateral force; FN=normal force) decrease with increasing load for all the systems with the lowest value (0.04) for C2N/C6N6 at 2 GPa. The van der Waals heterostructures are, therefore, predicted to be highly efficient lubricant materials for reducing friction at the atomic scale.
Inhibitory activity of Limosilactobacillus reuteri isolated from camel milk against Helicobacter pylori effects in human gastric epithelial cells
Authors: Nia Fatemeh Forooghi , Ghasemi Ahmad , Saeidi Jafar , Mohtashami Mahnaz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate anti‐Helicobacter pylori effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri 2892 (L. reuteri 2892) isolated from camel milk in GC cell lines (AGS and MKN). From 15 camel milk samples, 132 microbial strains were isolated. Based on microbial and biochemical analysis, 11 potential probiotic candidates were selected. The potential probiotic candidates were assayed for anti‐H. pylori activity, and the strain with the highest anti‐H. pylori activity was identified genotypically. Based on 16S rDNA sequencing, the selected strain with the best activity against H. pylori (inhibition zone = 15.5 ± 0.8) belonged to the Lactobacillus reuteri strain 2892. Cell treatment with H. pylori HC‐113 inhibits gene expression of Claudin‐4, ZO‐1, MUC5AC, and MUC2 in gastric cells, which are attenuated by L. reuteri 2892. The simulative effects of H. pylori HC‐113 on the cell migration and invasion of gastric cells were lost when cells were cotreated with L. reuteri 2892. Cell treatment with H. pylori HC‐113 promoted cell death, whereas cotreatment with L. reuteri 2892 markedly decreased necrotic and late apoptotic cells. The present study demonstrates that L. reuteri 2892 has potent anti‐H. pylori effects and thus can be considered as an alternative protective agent against inflammatory effects of H. pylori in gastric cells.
Synchrotron radiation‐based microcomputed tomography for three‐dimensional growth analysis of Aspergillus niger pellets
Authors: Müller Henri , Deffur Charlotte , Schmideder Stefan , Barthel Lars , Friedrich Tiaan , Mirlach Lukas , Hammel Jörg U. , Meyer Vera , Briesen Heiko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFilamentous fungi produce a wide range of relevant biotechnological compounds. The close relationship between fungal morphology and productivity has led to a variety of analytical methods to quantify their macromorphology. Nevertheless, only a µ‐computed tomography (µ‐CT) based method allows a detailed analysis of the 3D micromorphology of fungal pellets. However, the low sample throughput of a laboratory µ‐CT limits the tracking of the micromorphological evolution of a statistically representative number of submerged cultivated fungal pellets over time. To meet this challenge, we applied synchrotron radiation‐based X‐ray microtomography at the Deutsches Elektronen‐Synchrotron [German Electron Synchrotron Research Center], resulting in 19,940 3D analyzed individual fungal pellets that were obtained from 26 sampling points during a 48 h Aspergillus niger submerged batch cultivation. For each of the pellets, we were able to determine micromorphological properties such as number and density of spores, tips, branching points, and hyphae. The computed data allowed us to monitor the growth of submerged cultivated fungal pellets in highly resolved 3D for the first time. The generated morphological database from synchrotron measurements can be used to understand, describe, and model the growth of filamentous fungal cultivations.
Health care delivery system contributions to management of newly diagnosed prostate cancer
Authors: Krampe Noah , Kaufman Samuel R. , Oerline Mary K. , Hill Dawson , Caram Megan E. V. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Hollenbeck Brent K. , Maganty Avinash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite clinical guidelines advocating for use of conservative management in specific clinical scenarios for men with prostate cancer, there continues to be tremendous variation in its uptake. This variation may be amplified among men with competing health risks, for whom treatment decisions are not straightforward. The degree to which characteristics of the health care delivery system explain this variation remains unclear.MethodsUsing national Medicare data, men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer between 2014 and 2019 were identified. Hierarchical logistic regression models were used to assess the association between use of treatment and health care delivery system determinants operating at the practice level, which included measures of financial incentives (i.e., radiation vault ownership), practice organization (i.e., single specialty vs. multispecialty groups), and the health care market (i.e., competition). Variance was partitioned to estimate the relative influence of patient and practice characteristics on the variation in use of treatment within strata of noncancer mortality risk groups.ResultsAmong 62,507 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer, the largest variation in the use of treatment between practices was observed for men with high and very high‐risk of noncancer mortality (range of practice‐level rates of treatment for high: 57%–71% and very high: 41%–61%). Addition of health care delivery system determinants measured at the practice level explained 13% and 15% of the variation in use of treatment among men with low and intermediate risk of noncancer mortality in 10 years, respectively. Conversely, these characteristics explained a larger share of the variation in use of treatment among men with high and very high‐risk of noncancer mortality (26% and 40%, respectively).ConclusionsVariation among urology practices in use of treatment was highest for men with high and very high‐risk noncancer mortality. Practice characteristics explained a large share of this variation.
Power to the people: A social identity perspective on organizational decentralization and employee well‐being
Authors: Filippi Silvia , Peters Kim , Suitner Caterina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrganizational identification underpins a range of important outcomes in the workplace, including workers' well‐being. Drawing on the social identity approach to health (SIAH), here we explore whether certain organizational forms—specifically, organizational decentralization—can boost organizational identification and, in this way, employee well‐being. We test this possibility in four high‐powered samples of workers in the UK, US and Italy (N total = 1960). Results confirm that workers are more likely to identify with an organization when they perceive power to be decentralized. Importantly, we find the expected indirect effects between increased decentralization perceptions and ratings of improved well‐being (including job satisfaction, work engagement and reduced burnout) through organizational identification. These results were consistent across samples, proving the generality of the findings across different cultural contexts. Empirical and practical implications of shared decision‐making power to increase workers' well‐being are discussed. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Plants from Northwestern Anatolia Display Selective Cytotoxicity and Induce Mitotic Catastrophe: A Study on Anticancer and Genotoxic Activities
Authors: Sarimahmut Mehmet , Celikler Serap 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnatolia is rich in floristic diversity with a high rate of endemism. Eight plant species from northwestern Anatolia were evaluated for their anti‐growth properties in two malignant (MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231) and a non‐malignant (MCF‐10A) breast cell lines. The two most active extracts, Achillea multifida (AME) and Astragalus sibthorpianus (ASE), induced apoptotic cell death in all cell lines. The major phenolic compounds in AME were identified as chlorogenic acid, and catechins in ASE. ASE displayed selective cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells, with DNA damage repair in non‐malignant cells contributing to its selectivity. Conversely, AME induced DNA damage in a time‐dependent manner and displayed a dual dose‐dependent biological activity, resulting in mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis at different doses. Most plant species exhibited moderate to strong cytotoxicity, highlighting their medicinal and economic potential and the need for their protection.
Structure of PD1 and its mechanism in the treatment of autoimmune diseases
Authors: Rezayi Mahdi , Hosseini Arezoo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPD‐1 and CTLA‐4 can play an important role in addressing the issue of autoimmune diseases. PD‐1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on T, B, and Dentric cells. This molecule functions as a checkpoint in T cell proliferation. Ligation of PD‐1 with its ligands inhibits the production of IL‐2, IL‐7, IL‐10, and IL‐12 as well as other cytokines by macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and T cells, which can suppress cell proliferation and inflammation. Today, scientists attempt to protect against autoimmune diseases by PD‐1 inhibitory signals. In this review, we discuss the structure, expression, and signaling pathway of PD‐1. In addition, we discuss the importance of PD‐1 in regulating several autoimmune diseases, reflecting how manipulating this molecule can be an effective method in the immunotherapy of some autoimmune diseases.
Highly Selective Alkaline Oxide Promoted Ni/silica for the Production of Cyclohexanol/‐one from Lignin‐Derived Guaiacol
Authors: Kretzschmar Nils , Busse Oliver , Roslova Maria , Hantusch Martin , Seifert Markus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCatalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising route to upgrade bio‐oils from plants or pyrolysis to basic chemicals. KA‐oil (cyclohexanol/‐one) is an example of a highly valuable feedstock for the industrial synthesis of caprolactam and perlon, which can potentially be produced via a completely sustainable route. This work investigates the alkaline promoter effects on Ni‐based catalysts for the selective HDO of lignin surrogate guaiacol using mesoporous Ni/MgO and co‐impregnated Ni‐MgO/SiO2 catalysts. Due to preferred demethoxylation by alkaline oxides and their accumulation on nickel corners, responsible for dehydration, conversion, and selectivity for KA‐oil rise. Furthermore, influences of operating parameters are investigated and optimized by design of experiments (DoE), while long‐term stability (24 h) and water resistance remain high. In a final proof of concept, the application of Ni‐CaO/SiO2 was the most promising material (U=93 %, S=86 %), demonstrating a sustainable route from lignin‐based bio‐oil to produce a bulk commodity for caprolactam synthesis.
Gold‐Zinc Cooperative Catalysis for Seven‐exo‐dig Hydrocarboxylation of Internal Alkynes
Authors: Sato Miyu , Rawat Vishal Kumar , Higashida Kosuke , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeven‐exo‐dig hydrocarboxylation of nonactivated internal alkynes with conformationally flexible linker chains was achieved with cooperative gold‐zinc catalysts composed of an imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridinylidene ligand including a bipyridine coordination site at the C5 position. A proximity effect of the gold and zinc sites was essential for their high catalytic activity, in which the internal alkyne activated by the cationic gold species was attacked by the carboxylic acid deprotonated by the basic zinc site. Using a gold(I)‐complex with a bulky aromatic N‐substituent, 2,6‐dibenzhydryl‐4‐methylphenyl group, for the NHC ligand facilitated seven‐membered ring formation while minimizing intermolecular hydrocarboxylation as an undesired side reaction. The reaction mechanism was investigated by quantum chemical calculations.
Murine Norovirus: Additional Protocols for Basic and Antiviral Studies
Authors: Wobus Christiane E. , Peiper Amy M. , McSweeney Alice M. , Young Vivienne L. , Chaika Maryna , Lane Miranda Sophie , Lingemann Marit , Deerain Joshua M. , Strine Madison S. , Alfajaro Mia Madel , Helm Emily W. , Karst Stephanie M. , Mackenzie Jason M. , Taube Stefan , Ward Vernon K. , Wilen Craig B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMurine norovirus (MNV) is a positive‐sense, plus‐stranded RNA virus in the Caliciviridae family. Viruses in this family replicate in the intestine and are transmitted by the fecal‐oral route. MNV is related to the human noroviruses, which cause the majority of nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Given the technical challenges in studying human norovirus, MNV is often used to study mechanisms in norovirus biology since it combines the availability of a cell culture and reverse genetics system with the ability to study infection in the native host. Adding to our previous protocol collection, here we describe additional techniques that have since been developed to study MNV biology. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Indirect method for measuring cell cytotoxicity and antiviral activityBasic Protocol 2: Measuring murine norovirus genome titers by RT‐qPCRSupport Protocol 1: Preparation of standardBasic Protocol 3: Generation of recombinant murine norovirus with minimal passagingBasic Protocol 4: Generation of recombinant murine norovirus via circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER)Basic Protocol 5: Expression of norovirus NS1‐2 in insect cell suspension cultures using a recombinant baculovirusSupport Protocol 2: Isotope labelling of norovirus NS1‐2 in insect cellsSupport Protocol 3: Purification of the norovirus NS1‐2 proteinSupport Protocol 4: Expression of norovirus NS1‐2 in mammalian cells by transduction with a recombinant baculovirusBasic Protocol 6: Infection of enteroids in transwell inserts with murine norovirusSupport Protocol 5: Preparation of conditioned medium for enteroids cultureSupport Protocol 6: Isolation of crypts for enteroids generationSupport Protocol 7: Enteroid culture passaging and maintenanceBasic Protocol 7: Quantification of murine norovirus‐induced diarrhea using neonatal mouse infectionsAlternate Protocol 1: Intragastric inoculation of neonatal miceAlternate Protocol 2: Scoring colon contents