bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal helminth infections and associated risk factors among adults in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Authors: Phonekeo Sengaloun , Kounnavong Sengchanh , Vonglokham Manithong , Siengsounthone Latsamy , Homsana Anousin , Gummin Sascha , Vounatsu Penelope , Nittiyanant Prawat , Worawichawong Suchin , Aekplakorn Wichai , Odermatt Peter , Sayasone Somphou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Helminthiases are highly endemic in Southeast Asia, including the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This study aimed to assess the current intestinal helminth infections and the associated risk factors among adults across the Lao PDR.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 165 villages across 17 provinces and the Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select the adult study participants (≥ 18 years). Data collection included (1) interview of the study participants, (2) physical measurements, and (3) a five gram of stool sample from each study participant was collected and preserved in 10% formalin solution for intestinal helminth detection using formalin-ether concentration technique (FECT). Descriptive analysis was used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of study participants and the prevalence of intestinal helminth infections. Logistic regressions were applied to test the association between intestinal helminth infection and individual risk factors. A P-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 2800 study participants were enrolled. Their average age was 46.0 years; 57.8% were female. Overall, 30.9%, 8.6% and 1.5% of study participants were infected with one, two, or three different intestinal helminth species, respectively. Among the study participants 21.6% were infected with hookworm, 18.8% with Opisthorchis viverrini-like (Ov-like) infection, 4.8% with Strongyloides stercoralis, 2.3% with Ascaris lumbricoides, 1.5% with Trichuris trichiura, and 3.3% with Taenia spp. Ov-like infection was of high prevalence in the southern (28.8%) and central (21.3%) provinces, while hookworm (26.3%), A. lumbricoides (7.3%), T. trichiura (3.1%), and Taenia spp. (4.2%) were prevalent in the northern provinces. Risk analysis showed that men were more likely to be infected with hookworm [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.2, P = 0.019]. The Lao-Tai ethnic group had a 5.2-times (P < 0.001) higher chance of having Ov-like infection than the minorities. Possession of toilet facility at home was associated with reduced odds for Ov-like (aOR = 0.4, P < 0.001) and hookworm (aOR = 0.6, P < 0.001) infections.

Conclusions
Our study provides a nationwide update of the intestinal helminth prevalence among adults in Lao PDR. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Lao nationwide survey on intestinal helminth infections and risk factors in adults. It provides crucial information for national control programs for intestinal helminth infections in Lao PDR.

Graphical abstract
Language evolution and computational capabilities: conceptualization of the first language units
Authors: Boutiche Said 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work addresses from the perspective of evolutionary pressure, the delicate issue of the mechanisms and causes that are behind the emergence of the faculty of language among early Homo sapiens ancestors. It mainly focuses on the motives or driving forces that are behind the emergence of the first units of language. The latter are defined in this paper, as the first vocal signals that convey information and meanings that go far beyond the usual vocal repertoire of non-human primates. They emerged as a consequence to make a sense to the principle of fairness by probing equal amounts of quantities in the context of food sharing operations after a collaborative labor. Early hominins realized that learning how to make equal food quantities, which should be regarded today as the most fundamental level for doing mathematics, is a prerequisite for the sustainability of collaborative labor (cooperation). This ancestral computing innovation is shown in this paper to be the greatest achievement of evolution in the Homo lineage. By developing the first computational capabilities, early hominins passed successfully the transition that allowed them to move from the instinct driven behavior, which prevails in the animal realm, to reasoning guided behavior in which processing information and language are two fundamental consequences.
Sawsawan: explicating the culinary heritage significance of Philippine condiments using bibliometrics (1972–2018)
Authors: Aster Karen Grace V. , Castillo Jaime Ramir B. , Cheng Shekaina R. , Trillana John Paulo L. , Varlez Ysabella Marie B. , Mercado Jame Monren T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Philippine condiment, orsawsawan,comes in many forms such assuka(vinegar),toyo(soy sauce),patis(fish sauce), andcalamansi(Philippine lime), to name a few. This paper aims to create a bibliographic database surroundingsawsawanwith the goal of preserving the culture and adding information on Filipino heritage, as well as garnering attention and appreciation for Philippine condiments to further the nation’s culinary heritage. The qualitative research approach was used to investigate three themes of culinary heritage significance: aesthetics, social relevance, and symbolic context. A total of 523 definitions of varioussawsawanwere categorized into seven themes:matubig,durog,pinreserba,sariwa,mamantika,maykapares, andpinaghalo. Through the bibliometric approach, the study showed thatsawsawanhas the potential to be more known locally and globally. About 56 references that discuss the culinary heritage significance of Philippine condiments have been found, ensuring the timeless nature of the rich Filipino culinary heritage. Some 26 publishers from four countries and 58 authors, mostly Filipinos, contributed to Philippine cuisine literature. Food enthusiasts, food writers and editors, and chefs will have a better understanding of each condiment and can choose the combinations that will work best for their dishes. This study may also be helpful as related literature to future scholars working on a related topic.
Unraveling the complexity of the molecular pathways associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and identifying molecular targets for therapeutic development: a review of literature
Authors: Sikiru Akeem Babatunde , Adeniran Muibat Adesola , Akinola Karimot , Behera Himanshu , Kalaignazhal G. , Egena Stephen Sunday Acheneje 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most typical endocrine disorder affecting women worldwide. Although the etiology of PCOS is not fully understood, genetic factors are believed to play an essential role in its pathogenesis. Hence, this paper presents a review of the outcome of functional enrichment analysis of pathways associated with PCOS phenotypes for the identification of potential molecular targets as area of further research for therapeutic development for PCOS.

Method
It is the implementation of comprehensive literature search in database including PubMed and Google Scholar and functional analysis of genes including the HSD3B2, PPARG, PPP1R3A, LMNA, and AMH and their roles in the metabolic pathways associated with PCOS.

Findings
The genes including HSD3B2, PPARG, and LMNA emerged as the most important genes in relation to PCOS, suggesting that they could play key roles in regulating different aspects of PCOS pathogenesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms that underlie the complex condition of PCOS and highlight the potential of targeting these genes and their specific pathways as a promising approach to developing effective treatments for PCOS.

Conclusion
It was concluded that these exploring pathways associated with these genes could provide new insights into the genetic factors contributing to PCOS, and the study recommended further research on these targets for improving the health and quality of life women battling with PCOS worldwide.
Efficacy of combination of acetic acid and ciprofloxacin eardrops versus only ciprofloxacin eardrops in achieving dry ears in chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Basavaraju K. P. , Ranjani S. K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background

As per WHO, the chronic inflammatory condition involving the middle ear and mastoid cavity, resulting in recurrent ear discharge, otherwise known as otorrhoea, through perforation of the eardrum or tympanic membrane, is known as chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Recurrent middle ear infections are known to produce a myriad of intracranial and extracranial complications. CSOM is considered a biofilm disease, wherein biofilms are found to be the most prevalent microbial form, playing a crucial role in the chronicity of the infections and observed resistance to antibiotics. Thus disruption of the biofilm layer is necessary for the management of CSOM. This can be achieved by aural toileting and topical 2% acetic ear drops.

Aim
To study the efficacy of the combination of acetic acid and ciprofloxacin eardrops versus only ciprofloxacin ear drops in achieving dry ears in chronic suppurative otitis media.

Materials and methods
Sixty-three patients diagnosed with CSOM (mucosal type) were randomly divided into two groups: Group A — who received both 2% acetic acid and ciprofloxacin ear drops and Group B — who received only Ciprofloxacin ear drops; thrice daily. Additionally, both groups received systemic oral antibiotic being tab. ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily for 14 days. Weekly follow-up was done for 2 weeks and compared on the basis of otological symptom score.

Results
Both combination of acetic acid with ciprofloxacin and only ciprofloxacin ear drops significantly reduced the amount of ear discharge (P < 0.001) by the second visit, but the reduction in the amount of otorrhoea in Group A was found to be more significant than in Group B (P = 0.014). Also, the former was significantly more effective in achieving and maintaining dry ears by the third visit (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Combination of acetic acid and ciprofloxacin ear drops was found to be more effective than only ciprofloxacin ear drops in achieving and maintaining dry ears while treating CSOM.
Synthetic Data Generation by Artificial Intelligence to Accelerate Research and Precision Medicine in Hematology
Authors: D'Amico Saverio , Dall’Olio Daniele , Sala Claudia , Dall’Olio Lorenzo , Sauta Elisabetta , Zampini Matteo , Asti Gianluca , Lanino Luca , Maggioni Giulia , Campagna Alessia , Ubezio Marta , Russo Antonio , Bicchieri Maria Elena , Riva Elena , Tentori Cristina A. , Travaglino Erica , Morandini Pierandrea , Savevski Victor , Santoro Armando , Prada-Luengo Iñigo , Krogh Anders , Santini Valeria , Kordasti Shahram , Platzbecker Uwe , Diez-Campelo Maria , Fenaux Pierre , Haferlach Torsten , Castellani Gastone , Della Porta Matteo Giovanni 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE Synthetic data are artificial data generated without including any real patient information by an algorithm trained to learn the characteristics of a real source data set and became widely used to accelerate research in life sciences. We aimed to (1) apply generative artificial intelligence to build synthetic data in different hematologic neoplasms; (2) develop a synthetic validation framework to assess data fidelity and privacy preservability; and (3) test the capability of synthetic data to accelerate clinical/translational research in hematology. METHODS A conditional generative adversarial network architecture was implemented to generate synthetic data. Use cases were myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and AML: 7,133 patients were included. A fully explainable validation framework was created to assess fidelity and privacy preservability of synthetic data. RESULTS We generated MDS/AML synthetic cohorts (including information on clinical features, genomics, treatment, and outcomes) with high fidelity and privacy performances. This technology allowed resolution of lack/incomplete information and data augmentation. We then assessed the potential value of synthetic data on accelerating research in hematology. Starting from 944 patients with MDS available since 2014, we generated a 300% augmented synthetic cohort and anticipated the development of molecular classification and molecular scoring system obtained many years later from 2,043 to 2,957 real patients, respectively. Moreover, starting from 187 MDS treated with luspatercept into a clinical trial, we generated a synthetic cohort that recapitulated all the clinical end points of the study. Finally, we developed a website to enable clinicians generating high-quality synthetic data from an existing biobank of real patients. CONCLUSION Synthetic data mimic real clinical-genomic features and outcomes, and anonymize patient information. The implementation of this technology allows to increase the scientific use and value of real data, thus accelerating precision medicine in hematology and the conduction of clinical trials.
Disrupted Pediatric Diabetes Trends in the Second Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: McIntyre Tatiana , Sarah Salma , Benjamin Robert , Balikcioglu Pinar Gumus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
Increases in incident cases of pediatric type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) were observed during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
This work aimed to identify trends in incidence and presentation of pediatric new-onset T1D and T2D during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted. Demographics, anthropometrics, and initial laboratory results from patients aged 0 to 21 years who presented with new-onset diabetes to a pediatric tertiary care center were recorded.

Results
The incident cases of T1D (n = 46) and T2D (n = 46) in 2021-2022 (second year of the pandemic) were consistent with the incident cases of T1D (n = 46) and T2D (n = 53) in 2020 to 2021 (first year of the pandemic). Compared to the incident cases of diabetes in the prepandemic years, in the second year, the incident cases of T1D increased 48%, and the incident cases of T2D increased 188%. In the second year of the pandemic, incident cases of T2D represented half (50%) of all newly diagnosed pediatric diabetes cases. Patients with T2D were more likely to present in diabetic ketoacidosis, though this was not statistically significant (P = .08).

Conclusion
The increase in incident cases of pediatric T1D and T2D observed during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic persisted during the second pandemic year. This suggests that despite pediatric vaccination efforts and return to social in-person activities, we may continue to see effects of the pandemic on pediatric diabetes trends.
Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Contributes to Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Activating Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Epigenetic Modification in Dorsal Root Ganglion
Authors: Yeh Chou-Ming , Lai Cheng-Yuan , Peng Hsien-Yu , Lin Tzer-Bin , Chou Dylan , Wang Hsueh-Hsiao , Yang Po-Sheng , Cheng Jen-Kun , Peng Yun-Chih , Hsieh Ming-Chun 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Paclitaxel (PTX), which is a first-line chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancers, exhibits peripheral neuropathy as a common side effect that is difficult to treat. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT 5) is a key regulator of the chemotherapy response, as chemotherapy drugs induce PRMT5 expression. However, little is known about the PRMT5-mediated epigenetic mechanisms involved in PTX-induced neuropathic allodynia.

METHODS:
Sprague–Dawley rats were intraperitoneally given PTX to induce neuropathic pain. Biochemical analyses were conducted to measure the protein expression levels in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of the animals. The von Frey test and hot plate test were used to evaluate nociceptive behaviors.

RESULTS:
PTX increased the PRMT5 (mean difference [MD]: 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–0.48; P < .001 for vehicle)-mediated deposition of histone H3R2 dimethyl symmetric (H3R2me2s) at the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (Trpv1) promoter in the DRG. PRMT5-induced H3R2me2s recruited WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) to increase trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me3) at Trpv1 promoters, thus resulting in TRPV1 transcriptional activation (MD: 0.65, 95% CI, 0.82–0.49; P < .001 for vehicle) in DRG in PTX-induced neuropathic pain. Moreover, PTX increased the activity of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) (MD: 0.66, 95% CI, 0.81–0.51; P < .001 for vehicle), PRMT5-induced H3R2me2s, and WDR5-mediated H3K4me3 in the DRG in PTX-induced neuropathic pain. Pharmacological antagonism and the selective knockdown of PRMT5 in DRG neurons completely blocked PRMT5-mediated H3R2me2s, WDR5-mediated H3K4me3, or TRPV1 expression and neuropathic pain development after PTX injection. Remarkably, NOX4 inhibition not only attenuated allodynia behavior and reversed the above-mentioned signaling but also reversed NOX4 upregulation via PTX.

CONCLUSIONS:
Thus, the NOX4/PRMT5-associated epigenetic mechanism in DRG has a dominant function in the transcriptional activation of TRPV1 in PTX-induced neuropathic pain.
CYLD in health and disease
Authors: Marín-Rubio José L. , Raote Ishier , Inns Joseph , Dobson-Stone Carol , Rajan Neil 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTCYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase (CYLD) is a ubiquitin hydrolase with important roles in immunity and cancer. Complete CYLD ablation, truncation and expression of alternate isoforms, including short CYLD, drive distinct phenotypes and offer insights into CYLD function in inflammation, cell death, cell cycle progression and cell transformation. Research in diverse model systems has shown that these are mediated via CYLD regulation of cellular pathways including the NF-κB, Wnt and TGF-β pathways. Recent biochemical advances and models have offered new insights into the regulation and function of CYLD. In addition, recent discoveries of gain-of-function germline pathogenic CYLD variants in patients with a neurodegenerative phenotype contrast with the more widely known loss-of-function mutations seen in patients with CYLD cutaneous syndrome and with sporadic cancers. Here, we provide a current review of mechanistic insights into CYLD function gained from CYLD animal models, as well as an update on the role of CYLD in human disease.
Association between high mobility group box-1 circulation level and Graves' ophthalmopathy
Authors: Ikhsan Mohammad Robikhul , Kertia Nyoman , Supanji Supanji , Rianto Bambang Udji djoko , Nugroho Dhite Bayu 
Published: June 2023

Background: Graves' disease is a prevalent autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism. Despite being widely recognized, the risk factors for its associated condition, ophthalmopathy, are not well understood. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), a damage-associated molecular pattern biomarker, has been linked to autoimmune diseases and may play a role in Graves' ophthalmopathy. The aim of this study is to assess the correlation between the levels of circulating HMGB1 and the occurrence of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 44 recently diagnosed Graves' disease patients at Sardjito Hospital. The presence of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) was determined using criteria set by Bartley and Gormans. The levels of HMGB1 were measured in the blood of both groups (22 GO patients and 22 controls without GO) using ELISA. Statistical analysis, including binomial logistic regression and Mann-Whitney test, was conducted to analyze the data and adjust for confounding factors with multinomial logistic regression. Results: The baseline characteristics of 22 GO patients and 22 non-GO patients were similar, including age (30.91±6.06 vs. 30.68±6.63 years, p>0.05), gender distribution (77.3% vs. 81.8% female, 22.7% vs. 18.2% male, p>0.05), and duration of diagnosis (5.13±2.21 vs. 4.82±1.89 months, p>0.05). However, a significant difference (p<0.001) was found in the levels of circulating HMGB1, with GO patients having a median value of 15.49 pg/mL (5.12-47.59 pg/mL) compared to 2.33 pg/mL (0.82-15.66 pg/mL) in the control group. The risk of developing ophthalmopathy increased 12 times when Graves disease patients had HMGB1 levels above 8.86 pg/mL. Conclusion: The study found a significant association between elevated levels of HMGB1 (> 8.86 pg/mL) and an increased risk (12 times) of Graves’ ophthalmopathy in newly diagnosed Graves' disease patients. The results suggest that HMGB1 may be a potential biomarker for predicting the development of ophthalmopathy in Graves' disease patients.
Effect of foot core exercises vs ankle proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on pain, range of motion, and dynamic balance in individuals with plantar fasciitis: a comparative study
Authors: Boob Manali , Phansopkar Pratik 
Published: June 2023

Plantar fasciitis is generally described as an inflammation of the plantar fascia and adjacent tissues around calcaneus tuberosity. Plantar fasciitis onset has been proposed to have an internal mechanical cause, even though this is inadequately recognized. Studies related to alternation in lower-extremity biomechanics that leads to reduced domes of the foot are hypothesized to cause tension in the underlying fascia. Similarly, despite a wealth of anecdotal data suggesting a direct connection between foot mechanism and disability. This condition typically leads to calf muscular stiffness, soreness in the bottom of the feet, decreased range and foot function, strength, and balance impairment. These results in interference with the normal biomechanics of ambulation. A total of (n=66) individuals with plantar fasciitis will be selected for the trial. Subjects will be allocated to Groups A and B at equal allocation with randomization. Group A will undergo foot core exercises, while Group B will undergo ankle proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, with both groups receiving conventional treatment. The regimen lasts for 40 minutes, 5 days, for 6 weeks. The outcome measures will be assessed on Foot Functional Index, modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Weight Bearing Lunge Test (WBLT) be assessed at the initiation and completion of the entire treatment protocol. Prior and after therapeutic intervention results will be analyzed. Based on the comparison of the two treatments' effects on measuring outcomes in individuals with plantar fasciitis, an analysis will be conducted.