bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseline TyG index, myoglobin, and cerebral infarction history predict the onset of pulmonary hypertension in coronary artery disease patients after PCI treatment within a median of 4.5 years: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Xie Li , Fu Shilin , Xu Yuzheng , Ran Litong , Luo Jing , Rao Rongsheng , Chen Jianfei , Bian Shi-Zhu , Qian Dehui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo identify the predictive role of the TyG index for the onset of pulmonary hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment.MethodsWe performed this prospective cohort study among CAD patients who received PCI treatment in our center from July 2016 to October 2022. The baselines of echocardiography at both cross-sections and blood biomarkers. A coronary angiography operation was also performed. Within a median of 4.5 years of follow-up, the patients underwent echocardiography to measure their pulmonary hypertension (PH).ResultsBaseline BNP was statistically higher in the PH patients (p = 0.007). The baseline myoglobin (MYO), was significantly higher among PH patients (p < 0.001). Though the glucose level showed no difference between PH and non-PH groups, the HDL-C was in a lower level in the PH group (p = 0.033). However, TyG index showed no differences between PH and non-PH groups [6.95 (6.47-7.36) vs. 7.15 (6.49-7.96), p = 0.202]. In the univariate regression, cerebral infarction history, right atria end-diastolic internal diameter, MYO, triglyceride, HDL-C and TyG index (p < 0.05) were potential predictors for PH. Finally, the adjusted logistic regression indicated that cerebral infarction history (p = 0.39), MYO (p = 0.044) and TyG index (p = 0.048) were independent predictors of the onset of PH.ConclusionPH is prevalent in CAD patients after PCI treatment. The baseline TyG index, cerebral infarction history, and MYO level were independent predictors for PH in CAD patients after PCI treatment.
Effects of an innovative daily physical activity intervention on the health and fitness status of primary school children: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jarnig Gerald , Kerbl Reinhold , van Poppel Mireille N.M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsAn important barrier for a nationwide implementation of a daily physical activity (PA) intervention at primary schools is the lack of spatial and human resources. Therefore, the aim was to develop an innovative PA intervention that can be implemented, without additional spatial and human resource requirements. The effects of this intervention on anthropometrics and health-related fitness of primary school children were investigated.MethodsIn twelve primary schools, 24 classes were randomly allocated to an intervention and control group. In the intervention group, children received mix physical education lessons, cognitive content using movement, and additional opportunities for extracurricular physical activities (home exercises) over a 9-month period. In the control group, children received the usual physical education classes. At baseline (Sept 2021) and at follow-up immediately after the intervention (June 2022), body weight, height, waist circumference and fitness parameters (cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, flexibility) were measured. Intervention effects were assessed using multilevel regression models, adjusted for gender, urban/rural school, sports club membership, and for baseline values of the outcome parameter. Interactions between intervention and being a member of a sports club were assessed.ResultsOf 485 invited children, 412 (85%) were included in the analyses; 228 in the intervention and 184 in the control group. Children were 9.7 (SD 0.5) years old at baseline. In the total intervention group, a reduction in waist-to-height ratio and increase in all fitness parameters were found compared to the control group. Interactions with being a member of a sports club were found, and intervention effects were more pronounced in the group of children who were not a member of a sports club.ConclusionsOur daily physical activity intervention for primary schools showed positive effects on important health related parameters, especially for children who were not in a sports club and had most of their PA at school. Wider implementation of this intervention in primary schools is warranted, which should be feasible, since we made sure that no extra resources are needed.Trial registrationDRKS00025515.
Assessing the accuracy of a digital symptom checker tool for suggestion of reproductive health conditions: a clinical vignettes study
Authors: Peven Kimberly , Wickham Aidan , Wilks Octavia , Kaplan Yusuf C. , Marhol Andrei , Ahmed Saddif , Bamford Ryan , Prentice Carley , Meczner Andras , Fenech Matthew , Gilbert Stephen , Klepchukova Anna , Ponzo Sonia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundReproductive health conditions such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids and polycystic ovary syndrome affect a large proportion of women and people who menstruate worldwide. Prevalence estimates for these conditions range from 5-40% of women of reproductive age. Long diagnostic delays, up to 12 years, are common and contribute to health complications and increased healthcare costs. Symptom checker apps provide users with information and tools to better understand their symptoms and thus have the potential to reduce the time to diagnosis for reproductive health conditions.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the accuracy of three symptom checkers developed by Flo Health assessing symptoms of endometriosis, uterine fibroids and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) against current medical guidelines.MethodsIndependent general practitioners were recruited to create clinical case vignettes of simulated users with and without the conditions of interest. Vignettes were reviewed, modified and approved by separate general practitioners. A further independent panel of general practitioners reviewed the cases and designated a final classification. Vignettes were entered into the symptom checkers and the outcomes were compared with the final classification from the panel using accuracy metrics including percent agreement, sensitivity and specificity.ResultsA total of 24 cases were created per condition. Overall, exact matches between the vignette classification and the symptom checker outcome was 83.3% for endometriosis and uterine fibroids, and 87.5% for PCOS. While sensitivity was high for all conditions (>81%) and very high (100%) for PCOS, specificity was >81% for endometriosis and uterine fibroids and 75% for PCOS.ConclusionThe single condition symptom checkers have high levels of accuracy for endometriosis, uterine fibroids and PCOS. Given long delays in diagnosis for many reproductive health conditions, which lead to increased medical costs and potential health complications for individuals and healthcare providers, innovative health apps and symptom checkers hold the potential to improve care pathways.
DNA damage, nucleolar stress and dysregulated energy metabolism as mechanisms of multimorbidity in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Tomkova Kristina , Roman Marius , Adebayo Adewale S , Sheikh Sophia , Yusoff Syabira , Gulston Melanie , Joel-David Lathishia , Lai Florence Y , Murgia Antonio , Eagle-Hemming Bryony , Aujla Hardeep , Chad Tom , Richardson Gavin D , Griffin Julian L , Murphy Gavin J , Woźniak Marcin J 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with two or more underlying chronic conditions (multimorbidity) are more susceptible to adverse events following surgery. This study used -omics methods to compare samples from people with or without multimorbidity in a cardiac surgery cohort.Methods and ResultsMeasurements of the myocardial transcriptome and metabolites involved in energy production were performed in 53 and 57 sequential participants, respectively. Untargeted analysis of the metabolome in blood and myocardium was performed in 30 sequential participants. Mitochondrial respiration in circulating monocytes was measured in 63 participants. Ninety-eight of 144 participants (68%) had multimorbidity. Three major processes were affected by multimorbidity: innate immune response, DNA damage and associated epigenetic changes, and mitochondrial energy production. The innate immune response was upregulated in multimorbidity and most of the included comorbidities. The DNA damage, epigenetic changes, and aspects of mitochondrial function were specific for multimorbidity. Histone 2B, its ubiquitination enzymes and AKT3 were upregulated in the multimorbid group, supporting our hypothesis of senescence-like changes in multimorbidity. In addition, senescence-associated secretory phenotype analytes, IL-1β, its receptor, GM-CSF and fractalkine increased with the number of accumulating comorbidities. DNA damage was confirmed by independent immunohistochemistry experiments, which also identified nucleolar instability as more prominent in the multimorbid myocardium.ConclusionsMultimorbidity in people with cardiovascular disease is characterized by biological aging processes that are known to increase susceptibility to metabolic stress. These present novel therapeutic targets for organ protection interventions.
Bivalent COVID-19 vaccine antibody responses to Omicron variants suggest that responses to divergent variants would be improved with matched vaccine antigens
Authors: Wang Wei , Goguet Emilie , Paz Padilla Stephanie , Vassell Russell , Pollett Simon , Mitre Edward , Weiss Carol D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe compared neutralizing antibody responses to BA.4/5, BQ.1.1, XBB, and XBB.1.5 Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants after a bivalent or ancestral COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine or post-vaccination infection. We found that the bivalent booster elicited moderately high antibody titers against BA.4/5 that were approximately two-fold higher against all Omicron variants than titers elicited by the monovalent booster. The bivalent booster elicited low but similar titers against both XBB and XBB.1.5 variants. These findings inform risk assessments for future COVID-19 vaccine recommendations and suggest that updated COVID-19 vaccines containing matched vaccine antigens to circulating divergent variants may be needed.
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN COLOMBIA: WHAT HAPPENED DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC?
Authors: Martínez-Cabezas Sandra , Pinilla-Roncancio Mónica , Carrasquilla Gabriel , Casas Germán , González-Uribe Catalina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the well-being of millions of people around the globe. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of the population was affected, which means that governments would need to implement different actions to mitigate and treat mental health disorders result of the pandemic.This study aims to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression for female and male adolescents and adults in Colombia before the COVID-19 pandemic. It also aimed to estimate the potential increase of the prevalence in each group as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. We used the Individual Registry of Health Services Delivery data from 2015 - 2021 to estimate the observed prevalence of anxiety and depression. Using the National Mental Health Survey 2015, we simulated the expected prevalence of anxiety and depression for adolescents (12 to 17 years) and adults (18 or older) from 2016 to 2020. We used an arithmetic static Monte Carlo simulation process to estimate the expected prevalence. The results of the analysis using revealed an important increase in the observed prevalence of these disorders for adults and adolescents and men and women between 2015 and February 2020. When we simulated different scenarios using the National Mental Health Survey and estimated the prevalence of both depression and anxiety for adults and adolescents, we found that the prevalence of depression and anxiety has had an important increase in the last five years for all groups and had an important increase during the 2020. This increase has been greater for women than for men, and for adolescents than adults. Our results show the number of people who need potential attention from the health system in Colombia and highlight the importance to think about how to avoid and detect potential cases of anxiety and depression especially in female adolescents.
Real-world data validation of the PurIST pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma gene expression classifier and its prognostic implications
Authors: Wenric Stephane , Davison James M. , Guittar John , Mayhew Gregory M. , Beebe Kirk D. , Wang Yun E. , Iyer Amrita A. , Kang Hyunseok P. , Milburn Michael V. , Chung Vincent , Bekaii-Saab Tanios , Perou Charles M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is amongst the deadliest cancers, with few modern tools to inform patient prognosis and help guide treatment options. Transcriptome-based molecular subtyping is one emerging technology that has been employed to help patients optimize available therapeutic approaches. Here we retrospectively demonstrate the clinical validity of PurIST (Purity Independent Subtyping of Tumors), an RNA-based classifier that divides PDAC patients into two subtypes with differential prognoses, as a validated laboratory-developed test (LDT) on the Tempus Labs sequencing platform.MethodsA cohort comprising 258 late-stage PDAC patients with available transcriptomic and outcomes data was drawn from the Tempus clinicogenomic database and classified using PurIST into one of two subtypes (“Basal” or “Classical”). Differences in patient survival from the date of diagnosis were compared between subtypes, and between two common first-line treatment regimens, FOLFIRINOX, and gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel.ResultsOf the 258 PDAC patients in the validation cohort, PurIST classified 173 as classical subtype, 59 as basal subtype, and 26 as no-calls. Reinforcing previous findings, patients of the basal subtype had significantly lower overall survival than those of the classical subtype. Notably, differential survival by subtype was significant among the subset of patients on FOLFIRINOX, but not those on gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel.ConclusionsThe implementation of PurIST on a high-throughput clinical laboratory RNA-Seq platform and the demonstration of the model’s clinical utility in a real-world cohort together show that PurIST can be used at scale to refine PDAC prognosis and thereby inform treatment selection to improve outcomes for advanced-stage PDAC patients.
A Distinct Nasal Microbiota Signature in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Khan Iman , Wu Sylvia , Hudson Anika , Hughes Clayton , Stryjniak Gabriel , Westblade Lars F. , Satlin Michael J. , Tedrow Nicholas , Uhlemann Anne-Catrin , Kraft Colleen , Dadhania Darshana M. , Silberzweig Jeffrey , De Vlaminck Iwijn , Li Carol , Srivatana Vesh , Lee John Richard 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTRationale & ObjectiveThe nasal passages harbor both commensal and pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we sought to characterize the anterior nasal microbiota in PD patients using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Study DesignCross-sectional.Setting & ParticipantsWe recruited 32 PD patients, 37 kidney transplant (KTx) recipients, 22 living donor/healthy control (HC) participants and collected anterior nasal swabs at a single point in time.PredictorsWe performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4-V5 hypervariable region to determine the nasal microbiota.OutcomesNasal microbiota profiles were determined at the genus level as well as the amplicon sequencing variant level.Analytical ApproachWe compared nasal abundance of common genera among the 3 groups using Wilcoxon rank sum testing with Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment. DESeq2 was also utilized to compare the groups at the ASV levels.ResultsIn the entire cohort, the most abundant genera in the nasal microbiota included:Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, andAnaerococcus. Correlational analyses revealed a significant inverse relationship between the nasal abundance ofStaphylococcusand that ofCorynebacterium. PD patients have a higher nasal abundance ofStreptococcusthan KTx recipients and HC participants. PD patients have a more diverse representation ofStaphylococcusandStreptococcusthan KTx recipients and HC participants. PD patients who concurrently have or who developed futureStaphylococcusperitonitis had a numerically higher nasal abundance ofStaphylococcusthan PD patients who did not developStaphylococcusperitonitis.Limitations16S RNA gene sequencing provides taxonomic information to the genus level.ConclusionsWe find a distinct nasal microbiota signature in PD patients compared to KTx recipients and HC participants. Given the potential relationship between the nasal pathogenic bacteria and infectious complications, further studies are needed to define the nasal microbiota associated with these infectious complications and to conduct studies on the manipulation of the nasal microbiota to prevent such complications.
Geometric versus hemodynamic indexes for rupture-destined aneurysms: a retrospective cohort and a repeated-measures study
Authors: Lee Chan-Hyuk , Kwak Hyo-Sung , Kang Hyun-Seung , Jung Keun-Hwa , Jeong Seul-Ki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeA proper stratification of intracranial aneurysms (IA) is critical in identifying rupture-destined aneurysms (RDA) and unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA). We aimed to determine the utility of geometric and hemodynamic indexes in differentiating RDA and UIA, and to examine the characteristics of natural evolutionary changes of UIA.MethodsRDA was defined as having subsequent subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and UIA was examined using follow-up time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA). In addition to geometric indexes such as aspect or size ratio, aneurysmal signal intensity gradient (SIG), anin-vivoapproximated wall shear stress (WSS) from TOF-MRA, was measured. The difference (delta) between the maximum and minimum values of SIG in an aneurysm compared to parent arterial values was designated as the delta-SIG ratio.ResultsThis study analyzed 20 RDA in 20 patients and 45 UIA in 41 patients with follow-up TOF-MRA. While geometric indexes did not show significant differences between the RDA and UIA, the delta-SIG ratio was significantly higher in the RDA than in the UIA (1.5±0.6 vs. 1.1±0.3, P=0.032). The delta-SIG ratio showed a significantly higher area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for SAH than the size ratio (0.72 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58–0.87] vs. 0.56 [95% CI, 0.41–0.72], P=0.033). The longitudinal re-examination of TOF-MRA in the UIA group showed evidence of aneurysmal growth with hemodynamic stability.ConclusionsThe delta-SIG ratio showed significantly higher discriminatory results between RDA and UIA compared to geometric indexes. Aneurysmal rupture risk should be assessed by considering both geometric and hemodynamic information.This study was registered onClinicalTrials.gov(NCT05450939).
Was access and quality of healthcare affected during COVID-19 pandemic? A qualitative enquiry into healthcare access for non-communicable diseases in Central India
Authors: Nagi Raunaq Singh , Chatterjee Anirban , Singhal Kritika , Kokane Arun M 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveCOVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts on healthcare systems across the world. However, its impact on healthcare systems in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) has been especially devastating, resulting in restricted access to healthcare. The present study was conducted to assess healthcare access for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Central India.DesignInductive and deductive thematic analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews.SettingStudy was conducted in communities of two urban and rural districts of central India.ParticipantsInterviewed participants included PLNCDs, their caregivers, community dwellers, CHWs such as, Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and Anganwadi Workers (AWWs), Medical Officers, and Community Leaders. Recruitment of the participants was done via purposive and convenience sampling.ResultA total of fifty Key Informant Interviews were (KIIs) conducted. All participants reported facing considerable difficulties while trying to access care from both public as well as private healthcare facilities. Absence of staff, equipment and medicines, restricted commute, misconceptions regarding the spread of COVID-19, and the stigma attached to COVID-19 infection acted as major barriers to accessing care, while door-to-door visits by community health workers, community support, and presence of privately owned healthcare facilities in the vicinity acted as facilitators.ConclusionIn our study, we found that continued functioning of primary healthcare centres, ensuring uninterrupted supply of medicine and effective dissemination of information regarding COVID-19 could have acted to ease access to healthcare. Going ahead, capacity building to offset the impact of future emergencies and pandemics should be a crucial consideration while developing resilient healthcare systems.Strengths and limitations of this studyOur study is the first study to explore the barriers faced by PLNCDs of low socio-economic status during the pandemic.We explored the perspectives of both patients and healthcare workers before triangulating the data findings.The study was conducted in the PLNCDs of lower socio-economic group and hence the perspectives and experiences of other socio-economic groups are yet to be explored.
Shark and ray genome size estimation: methodological optimization for inclusive and controllable biodiversity genomics
Authors: Kadota Mitsutaka , Tatsumi Kaori , Yamaguchi Kazuaki , Uno Yoshinobu , Kuraku Shigehiro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEstimate of nuclear DNA content serves as an independent tool for validating the completeness of whole genome sequences and investigating the among-species variation of genome sizes, but for some species, the requirement of fresh cells makes this tool highly inaccessible. Here we focused on elasmobranch species (sharks and rays), and using flow cytometry or quantitative PCR (qPCR), estimated the nuclear DNA contents of brownbanded bamboo shark, white spotted bamboo shark, zebra shark, small-spotted catshark, sandbar shark, slendertail lanternshark, megamouth shark, red stingray, and ocellate spot skate. Our results revealed their genome sizes spanning from 3.40 pg (for ocellate spot skate) to 13.34 pg (for slendertail lanternshark), in accordance with the huge variation of genome sizes already documented for elasmobranchs. Our improved qPCR-based method enabled accurate genome size estimation without using live cells, which has been a severe limitation with elasmobranchs. These findings and our methodology are expected to contribute to better understanding of the diversity of genome sizes in elasmobranchs even including species with limited availability of fresh tissue materials. It will also help validate the completeness of already obtained or anticipated whole genome sequences.