bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responses of a Strongly Forced Mathieu Equation—Part 2: Constant Loading
Authors: Ramakrishnan Venkatanarayanan , Feeny Brian F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present study deals with the response of a damped Mathieu equation with hard constant external loading. A second-order perturbation analysis using the method of multiple scales (MMS) unfolds resonances and stability. Non-resonant and low-frequency quasi-static responses are examined. Under constant loading, primary resonances are captured with a first-order analysis, but are accurately described with the second-order analysis. The response magnitude is of order ϵ0, where ϵ is the small bookkeeping parameter, but can become arbitrarily large due to a small denominator as the Mathieu system approaches the primary instability wedge. A superharmonic resonance of order two is unfolded with the second-order MMS. The magnitude of this response is of order ϵ and grows with the strength of parametric excitation squared. An nth-order multiple scales analysis under hard constant loading will indicate conditions of superharmonic resonances of order n. Subharmonic resonances do not produce a non-zero steady-state harmonic, but have the instability property known to the regular Mathieu equation. Analytical expressions for predicting the magnitude of responses are presented and compared with numerical results for a specific set of system parameters. In all cases, the second-order analysis accommodates slow time-scale effects, which enable responses of order ϵ or ϵ0. The behavior of this system could be relevant to applications such as large wind-turbine blades and parametric amplifiers.
Surgical site infection prevention in abdominal surgery: is intraoperative wound irrigation with antiseptics effective? Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mueller Tara , Dimpel Rebekka , Kehl Victoria , Friess Helmut , Reim Daniel 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSurgical site infection (SSI) after laparotomy still represents the most frequent postoperative complicationin abdominal surgery. The effectiveness of reducing SSI rates by intra-operative irrigation of the incisional wound with antiseptic solutions or saline has been much debated, and recommendations on its use are divergent. Therefore, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis, focusing specifically on procedures by laparotomy and considering recent evidence only.Methods and analysisThe systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. On 1 July 2022, PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE were searched for the following predefined terms: (Surgical site infection) AND ((irrigation) OR (wound irrigation) OR (lavage)) AND ((abdominal surgery) OR (laparotomy). The search was limited to peer-revied publications, dating after 1 January 2000 in English or German language. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included for reference screening. Case reports, case series, non-systematic reviews and studies without follow-up information were excluded. The primary outcome is the rate of postoperative SSI after abdominal surgery by laparotomy. Meta-analysis is pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel method for random effects. The risk of bias in randomised studies will be assessed using the Cochrane developed RoB 2-tool, and the ROBINS-I tool for non-randomised studies. Completion of the analysis and publication is planned in March 2023.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not necessary for this study, as no new data will be collected. The results of the final study will be published in a peer-reviewed open-access journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022321458.
Development of a paediatric airway management checklist for the emergency department: a modified Delphi approach
Authors: Miller Kelsey A , Prieto Monica M , Wing Robyn , Goldman Michael P , Polikoff Lee A , Nishisaki Akira , Nagler Joshua 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAirway management checklists have improved paediatric patient safety in some clinical settings, but consensus on the appropriate components to include on a checklist for paediatric tracheal intubation in the ED is lacking.MethodsA multidisciplinary panel of 14 experts in airway management within and outside of paediatric emergency medicine participated in a modified Delphi approach to develop consensus on the appropriate components for a paediatric airway management checklist for the ED. Panel members reviewed, modified and added to the components from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children airway safety checklist for paediatric intensive care units using a 9-point appropriateness scale. Components with a median score of 7.0–9.0 and a 25th percentile score ≥7.0 achieved consensus for inclusion. A priori, the modified Delphi method was limited to a maximum of two rounds for consensus on essential components and one additional round for checklist creation.ResultsAll experts participated in both rounds. Consensus was achieved on 22 components. Twelve were original candidate items and 10 were newly suggested or modified items. Consensus components included the following categories: patient assessment and plan (5 items), patient preparation (5 items), pharmacy (2 items), equipment (7 items) and personnel (3 items). The components were formatted into a 17-item clinically usable checklist.ConclusionsUsing the modified Delphi method, consensus was established among airway management experts around essential components for an airway management checklist intended for paediatric tracheal intubation in the ED.
Prognostic modelling of clinical outcomes after first-time acute coronary syndrome in New Zealand
Authors: Earle Nikki J , Poppe Katrina K , Rolleston Anna , Pilbrow Anna , Aish Sara , Bradbury Kathryn , Choi Yeunhyang , Devlin Gerry , Gladding Patrick A , Grey Corina , Harrison Wil , Henare Kimiora , Howson Joanna , Kerr Andrew , Lumley Thomas , Pera Vijaya , Porter Graeme , Stewart Ralph , Troughton Richard W , Wihongi Helen , Richards A Mark , Cameron Vicky A , Legget Malcolm E , Doughty Robert N 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe Multi-Ethnic New Zealand Study of Acute Coronary Syndromes (MENZACS) was established to investigate the drivers of secondary events after first-time acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including addressing inequitable outcomes by ethnicity. Herein, the first clinical outcomes and prognostic modelling approach are reported.MethodsFirst, in 28 176 New Zealanders with first-time ACS from a national registry, a clinical summary score for predicting 1-year death/cardiovascular readmission was created using Cox regression of 20 clinical variables. This score was then calculated in the 2015 participant MENZACS study to represent clinical risk. In MENZACS, Cox regression was used to assess N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a prognostic marker for death/cardiovascular readmission in four models, adjusting for (1) age and sex; (2) age, sex, ethnicity; (3) clinical summary score; (4) clinical summary score and ethnicity.ResultsOf the 2015 MENZACS participants (mean age 61 years, 79% male, 73% European, 14% Māori, 5% Pacific people), 2003 were alive at discharge. Of the 2003, 416 (20.8%) experienced all-cause death/cardiovascular readmission over a median of 3.5 years. In a simple model, age, male sex, Māori ethnicity and NT-proBNP levels were significant predictors of outcome. After adjustment for the clinical summary score, which includes age and sex, NT-proBNP and ethnicity were no longer statistically significant: log2(NT-proBNP) hazard ratio (HR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.98 to 1.08, p=0.305; Māori ethnicity HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.62, p=0.084.ConclusionsIn 2015 patients with first-time ACS, recurrent events were common (20.8%). Increasing NT-proBNP levels and Māori ethnicity were predictors of death/cardiovascular readmission, but not after adjustment for the 20 clinical risk factors represented by the clinical summary score.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000676516.
GLIS1 intervention enhances anti-PD1 therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting SGK1-STAT3-PD1 pathway
Authors: Rong Dawei , Wang Yuliang , Liu Li , Cao Hengsong , Huang Tian , Liu Hanyuan , Hao Xiaopei , Sun Guangshun , Sun Guoqiang , Zheng Zhiying , Kang Junwei , Xia Yongxiang , Chen Ziyi , Tang Weiwei , Wang Xuehao 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundGLI-similar 1 (GLIS1) is one of of Krüppel-like zinc finger proteins, which are either stimulators or inhibitors of genetic transcription. Nevertheless, its effects on T cell were elusive.MethodsIn this study, we intend to explore the effects of GLIS1 on modulating the anticancer potency of CD8+T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression of GLIS1 in CD8 peripheral blood mononuclear cell and CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of HCC tissues was validated by quantificational real-time-PCR and flow cytometry. The anticancer potency of CD8+T cells with GLIS1 knock down was confirmed in C57BL/6 mouse model and HCC patient-derived xenograft mice model. GLIS1–/–C57BL/6 mice was applied to explore the effects GLIS1 on tumor immune microenvironment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA transcriptome sequencing analysis were both performed in GLIS1-knock down of CD8+T cells.ResultsGLIS1 was upregulated in exhausted CD8+T cells in HCC. GLIS1 downregulation in CD8+T cells repressed cancer development, elevated the infiltrate ability of CD8+T cells, mitigated CD8+T cell exhaustion and ameliorated the anti-PD1 reaction of CD8+T cells in HCC. The causal link beneath this included transcriptional regulation of SGK1-STAT3-PD1 pathway by GLIS1, thereby maintaining the abundant PD1 expression on the surface of CD8+T cells.ConclusionOur study revealed that GLIS1 promoted CD8+T cell exhaustion in HCC through transcriptional regulating SGK1-STAT3-PD1 pathway. Downregulating the expression of GLIS1 in CD8+T cells exerted an effect with anti-PD1 treatment synergistically, revealing a prospective method for HCC immune therapy.
Serum concentrations of local anesthetics after unilateral interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block in breast cancer surgery: a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Versyck Barbara , Vermeylen Kris , Willemse Johan , van Geffen Geert-Jan , Leunen Ine , Soetens Filiep , Devos Sylvie , Roosens Laurence 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe ultrasound-guided interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block is a fascial plane block for superficial surgery of the anterolateral chest wall. This technique involves injecting a relatively large volume of local anesthetics (typically 30 mL of 0.25%–0.50%, ie, 75–150 mg ropivacaine) underneath the major and minor pectoral muscles of the anterior thoracic wall. There is a potential risk of toxic serum concentrations of local anesthetics due to systemic absorption.Methods22 patients scheduled for elective unilateral breast cancer surgery were included in this study. All surgery was performed with general anesthesia and an ultrasound-guided interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block with 2.5 mg/kg ropivacaine. Ten venous blood samples were collected at 0 (two samples) 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min and at 4 hours after performing the block. Free and total ropivacaine levels were measured at each time point. Albumin and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein were measured to monitor shifts between the free and bound fraction of ropivacaine.ResultsSamples of 20 patients were analyzed. The mean dose of ropivacaine was 172.8 (22.5) mg. In 50% of the patients, the potentially toxic threshold of 0.15 µg/mL free ropivacaine concentration was exceeded. Mean peak serum concentration occurred at 20 min postinjection.ConclusionsThis pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that a 2.5 mg/kg ropivacaine interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block may result in exceeding the threshold for local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
Baclofen for hiccups: a large mixed methods multisite study
Authors: Ehret Christopher J , Martin Nichole , Jatoi Aminah 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveHiccups can be bothersome and spawn morbidity. Although oral baclofen is perhaps the most prescribed agent for hiccups, a paucity of data supports its use.MethodsThis multisite, single institution study examined the medical records of patients who had hiccups and had been prescribed baclofenas noted in a clinical encounter. Mixed methods were used to assess baclofen’s palliative efficacy. In view of the sometimes transient nature of hiccups and other such factors, cessation or palliation of hiccups in 75% of patients was sought to indicate true palliation.ResultsA total of 301 patients with a median age of 61 years (range 20–87 years) and a male predominance are the focus of this report. Baclofen was most often prescribed at 10 mg orally three times a day. Only 105 patients (35%) (95% CI: 30% to 41%) acquired hiccup palliation. Corroborative medical record quotations included, ‘Still has hiccups.’Quotations such as, ‘Responding to baclofen this AM’, were also recorded. Baclofen appeared more likely to benefit patients with hiccups of >48 hours (chronic) duration in univariable analyses (OR for benefit: 0.51 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.91; p=0.02) with similar conclusions drawn from multivariable analyses. Adverse events occurred in 15 patients with drowsiness the most common.ConclusionsBaclofen did not meet this study’s a priori threshold for successful hiccup palliation, but further study is indicated to learn whether baclofen might help patients with chronic hiccups.
A correspondence between the free and interacting field
Authors: Gao Fei , Ding Minghui , Liu Yu-xin , Schmidt Sebastian M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe discover a correspondence between the free field and the interacting states. This correspondence is firstly given from the fact that the free propagator can be converted into a tower of propagators for massive states, when expanded with the Hermite function basis. The equivalence of propagators reveals that in this particular case the duality can naturally be regarded as the equivalence of one theory on the plane wave basis to the other on the Hermite function basis. More generally, the Hermite function basis provides an alternative quantization process with the creation/annihilation operators that correspond directly to the interacting fields. As an illustration, we apply this basis to the $$3+1$$

3
+
1

dimensional Yang–Mills theory, where the three-dimensional space being reduced through the Hermite function basis, and an auxiliary parameter $$\omega $$
ω
denotes for string tension. At large $$\omega $$
ω
limit, with then considering only the lowest order Hermite function (Lowest Landau Level), the equivalent action becomes the Banks–Fischler–Shenker–Susskind (BFSS) matrix model. At small $$\omega $$
ω
limit, the perturbative series summed over all orders of Hermite function gives a massive gluon propagator.
Beyond clustering
Authors: Karaliopoulos Merkouris , Tsolas Leonidas , Koutsopoulos Iordanis , Halkidi Maria , Van Hove Stephanie , Conradie Peter 
Published: February 2023

Besides technological innovations in energy production and management technologies, the fight against climate change requires fundamental changes in our energy consumption behavior. Behavioral interventions are key to this process, especially when tailored to different energy consumer segments accounting for their socio-demographic profiles, socio- psychological characteristics and energy consumption practices.
In this work, we propose a novel approach to energy consumer segmentation that facilitates the choice of (nudging) interventions for each segment. We call it intervention-driven energy consumer profiling since it explicitly considers upfront the set of interventions that can be delivered to energy consumers and defines profiles that can be readily matched with them. The profiles are specified as combinations of socio-psychological factors with implications for energy-saving behavior and are parameterized by thresholds that measure how strongly these factors are represented in each profile. One profile represents ideal energy-savers, whereas each of the remaining five profiles shares one or two distinct features that serve as barriers towards energy-saving behavior and/or prescribe specific type of nudging interventions for strengthening such behavior. We use the responses of users to a European-wide online survey to formulate and solve an optimization problem for these thresholds and then assign the survey respondents to the profiles. Finally, we analyze them also in terms of socio-demographic variables and recommend appropriate nudging interventions for them.
Prediction of Response to Lenvatinib Monotherapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Machine Learning Radiomics: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Bo Zhiyuan , Chen Bo , Zhao Zhengxiao , He Qikuan , Mao Yicheng , Yang Yunjun , Yao Fei , Yang Yi , Chen Ziyan , Yang Jinhuan , Yu Haitao , Ma Jun , Wu Lijun , Chen Kaiyu , Wang Luhui , Wang Mingxun , Shi Zhehao , Yao Xinfei , Dong Yulong , Shi Xintong , Shan Yunfeng , Yu Zhengping , Wang Yi , Chen Gang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
We aimed to construct machine learning (ML) radiomics models to predict response to lenvatinib monotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Experimental Design:
Patients with HCC receiving lenvatinib monotherapy at three institutions were retrospectively identified and assigned to training and external validation cohorts. Tumor response after initiation of lenvatinib was evaluated. Radiomics features were extracted from contrast-enhanced CT images. The K-means clustering algorithm was used to distinguish radiomics-based subtypes. Ten ML radiomics models were constructed and internally validated by 10-fold cross-validation. These models were subsequently verified in an external validation cohort.

Results:
A total of 109 patients were identified for analysis, namely, 74 in the training cohort and 35 in the external validation cohort. Thirty-two patients showed partial response, 33 showed stable disease, and 44 showed progressive disease. The overall response rate (ORR) was 29.4%, and the disease control rate was 59.6%. A total of 224 radiomics features were extracted, and 25 significant features were identified for further analysis. Two distant radiomics-based subtypes were identified by K-means clustering, and subtype 1 was associated with a higher ORR and longer progression-free survival (PFS). Among the 10 ML algorithms, AutoGluon displayed the highest predictive performance (AUC = 0.97), which was relatively stable in the validation cohort (AUC = 0.93). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that responders had a better overall survival [HR = 0.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12–0.36; P &lt; 0.001] and PFS (HR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.09–0.22; P &lt; 0.001) than nonresponders.

Conclusions:
Valuable ML radiomics models were constructed, with favorable performance in predicting the response to lenvatinib monotherapy for unresectable HCC.
Contrasting Vertical Circulation between Severe and Light Air Pollution inside a Deep Basin: Results from the Collaborative Experiment of 3D Boundary-Layer Meteorology and Pollution at the Sichuan Basin (BLMP-SCB)
Authors: Zhao Suping , He Jianjun , Dong Longxiang , Qi Shaofeng , Yin Daiying , Chen Jinbei , Yu Ye 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The study of air pollution in a valley is a classic research subject. Compared with flat terrain, the formation and development of haze pollution are more complicated and unique within a deep basin. How a basin or valley plays a role in the horizontal and vertical distribution of air pollutants is poorly understood in highly industrialized deep basins in China due to scarce field observations. We conducted a collaborative experiment of three-dimensional (3D) boundary layer meteorology and pollution at the western Sichuan Basin (SCB) close to the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Generally, the concentrations of PM1 (particulate matter smaller than 1.0 μm), NO, and NO2 largely decline with elevation, while O3 shows a slight increasing trend inside the SCB. Three different types of pollutant profiles and the formation mechanisms are described below. The high PM1 near the surface layer corresponds to the vertical clockwise circulation, i.e., a wind shift with increasing altitude in a clockwise direction. The air pollutants at the central and eastern SCB can be transported to the eastern foothills of the TP by southeasterly winds and then are trapped within the western SCB by a strong surface temperature inversion. The pollutants over the eastern TP also can be dispersed to above the SCB by westerly winds. More aerosol particles are concentrated at about 2.0 km MSL by jointly ascending and descending motion below and above the layer over the valley. The relative uniform PM1 in the vertical direction correlates to the counterclockwise circulation. The trapped pollutants in the western SCB can be transported to the eastern region by westerly winds and then are dispersed to the upper air by unstable stratification.
Identification of Facebook posts on nephrology-related terms that benefit patient outreach
Authors: Abdullah Rafidah , Zakaria Nor Fadhlina , Mushahar Lily , Yakob Suryati 
Published: February 2023

Objective: The impact of social media on public health has been examined in various studies. However, none have explored user engagement based on the type of Facebook posts related to renal disease. Therefore, the present study sought to determine which type of nephrology-related posts have greater user engagement. Setting: Facebook pages. Methods: The posts on a specific Facebook page curated by a team of nephrologists in Malaysia were examined in this cross-sectional study. The type of post, likes, comments, shares of a post and reach of a post were used for data analysis. Analysis of variance was used to quantify the relative contribution of each independent variable to the odds of the post being highly liked or shared. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare links, photos, shared videos, status and videos for parameters such as reach, the number of times a specific piece of content has been displayed on a screen (impressions), and user engagement. Results: Shared videos and photos received the highest median reach of 5,862 and 5,880, respectively. People who ‘liked’ the page in 2019, 2020 and 2021 numbered 193, 4,196 and 2,835, respectively. Among the types of content on the Facebook page, photos and shared videos received the highest median lifetime reach of the post compared to links, status and videos in terms of ‘people who liked the page’. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that posting a video or photo maximises the chance of engagement and meaningfully impacts public health outcomes.