bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Various Techniques for Molecular and Rapid Detection of Infectious and
Epidemic Diseases
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Polymerase chain reaction is an approach to make numerous copies of specific DNA.
PCR has been applied for the investigation of infectious sicknesses caused by viral, protozoan, bacterial,
fungal, or other infectious factors. This review manuscript aims to survey the usage of PCR,
LAMP, RPA, and RAA in rapid detection and highlight molecular detection of various diseases and
pathogens. Scientific sources like Science Direct, PubMed, Research gate, Scopus, and Google
Scholar with highlighting on Science Direct and Scopus have been applied. A review of the literature
was prepared by using the keywords PCR, LAMP, infectious disease, pathogen, RAA, RPA,
and virus. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid amplification method
presenting the substitute to PCR. The LAMP assay is more rapid than nested PCR, is cost-efficient,
and is simple to perform. LAMP technology has been widely used for the detection of crop pests,
human pathogenic, pathogenic, organisms, bacteria, and components in meat products. Recombinase
polymerase amplification (RPA) is a new isothermal technique to amplify the DNA as well
as RPA. RPA combined the advantages of isothermal PCR with clarity and rapid amplification. Recombinase-
aided amplification (RAA) assay has been successfully applied in the detection of bacterial
and viral pathogens and controls the technical problems posed by DNA amplification techniques
because it does not require thermal denaturation of the template and utilizes at a debilitated
and continuous temperature. This manuscript has highlighted the importance of PCR and molecular
detection as significant tools in the detection of infectious organisms, pathogens, toxins, and biological
research.
Current Progress in Targeting Telomere and Telomerase Enzymes for the
Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Garg Aakriti , Khan Imran , Nidhi  , Khan Mohd. Ashif 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Telomere is the repetitive sequence of non-coding DNA that protects chromosomes from
damage. However, with cell division, the length of the telomere gets shortened ultimately leading to
cell senescence. Telomere shortening is compensated by the addition of telomeric sequence by telomerase
enzyme and thus preventing senescence which may lead to abnormal cell growth and ultimately
result in cancer. There might not be a direct effect of telomerase on carcinogenesis, however, the role of
telomerase in maintaining the length of telomere and thus tumor growth progression is quite evident.
Various studies have reported the significance of telomerase activity in tumor cells. Therefore, targeting
the telomerase enzyme can be an effective approach for the management of cancer, and drugs targeting
telomerase inhibition are possible therapeutic candidates to be used clinically for the treatment of cancer
in the future. Thus, in the current paper, we aim to review various telomerase inhibitors against cancer,
challenges in proposing telomerase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer, and future perspectives
on developing telomerase inhibitors for the management of cancer.
An Empirical Selection of Wavelet for Near-lossless Medical Image
Compression
Authors: Palanisamy Kalavathi , Viswanathan Punitha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Wavelets are defined as mathematical functions that segment the data into different frequency levels. We can easily capture the fine and coarse
details of an image or signal referred to as a subband. And it also helps in subband thresholding to achieve good compression performance. In
recent days in telemedicine services, the handling of medical images is prominently increasing and it leads to the demand for medical image
compression. While compressing the medical images, we have to concentrate on the data that holds important information, and at the same time, it
must retain the image quality. Near-Lossless compression plays an essential role to achieve a better compression ratio than lossy compression and
provides better quality than lossless compression. In this paper, we analyzed the sub-banding of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) using
different types of wavelets and made an optimal selection of wavelets for subband thresholding to attain a good compression performance with an
application to medical images. We used Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) compression scheme to test the compression performance
of different wavelets. The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Bits Per Pixel (BPP), Compression Ratio, and percentage of number of zeros are
used as metrics to assess the performance of all the selected wavelets. And to find out its efficiency in possessing the essential information of
medical images, the subband of the selected wavelets is further utilized to devise the near-lossless compression scheme for medical images.
Naphthofuran Derivative BF4, a New Potent SIRT1 Activator, Regulates
Lipid Metabolism in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via the SIRT1-AMPK Pathway
Authors: Gao Jian , Li Fan , Huang Ye , Li Shihao , Lin Qisi 
Published: March 2023

Aim:
Our previously reported naphthofuran derivative BF4, identified as a potent silent
information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activator, could alleviate high glucose stimulating apoptosis and
inflammation response in human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells.

Introduction:
In this study, the underlying effects of BF4 on lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
were investigated.

Methods:
The effects of BF4 on pre-adipocyte differentiation and adipocyte lipolysis were studied
using oil red O staining and quantitative glycerol and triglyceride content assay kits. Moreover, the
molecular mechanism of BF4 on adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was investigated
by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting analysis.

Results:
We found that compound BF4 significantly decreased adipogenesis and lipid accumulation
and inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes into adipocytes. Moreover, compound
BF4 decreased the expressions of several key regulators in adipocyte differentiation, including
C/EBPβ and PPARγ, and their downstream lipogenesis targets via the activation of the SIRT1/
AMPK pathway.

Conclusion:
Our results demonstrated that the novel SIRT1 activator BF4 might be a potent candidate
for regulating lipid metabolism.
Recent Progress in Maritime Rainfall Noise
Authors: Du Libin , Li Huming , Lu Yuming , Wang Lei , Ma Lu , Liu Shu , Lv Zhichao 
Published: March 2023

:
The acoustic radiation generated by underwater marine rainfallis an important component of marine ambient noise, which is an interfering background for various hydroacoustic equipment and directly affects the performance of hydroacoustic equipment. At the same time, marine environmental noise is rich in marine information, and underwater noise from rainfall can reflect features such as rainfall intensity, raindrop particle size distribution, and wind-induced angle of entry. This paper studies the latest research progress in this field, presenting three main elements: the sound generation mechanism of individual raindrops, the research on underwater noise from rainfall, and marine rainfall noise intensity inversion. The study of underwater noise generated by rainfall can provide theoretical support for underwater noise field forecasting and marine environment monitoring and provide a reference for improving sonar performance.
Surface Modification of β-MnO2 Nanorods as Nanolubricant
Authors: Attia Yasser A. , El-Ghannam Gamal 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Nanolubricants are substances that use nanoparticles as lubricant additives. The proposal for wear reduction has piqued interest in nanolubricants. Particle agglomeration is the main drawback of using nanomaterials as lubricating oil additives, and creating novel nanolubricants is one of the most difficult challenges.

Objective:
Evaluation of the nano β-MnO2 nanorods as nanoadditives for enhancing lubricating oil characteristics.

Methods:
After producing β-MnO2 nanorods by a modified hydrothermal process, oleic acid was used to modify their surfaces. Next, the physical and tribological characteristics of lubricating oil before and after the addition of nanoadditives were assessed.

Results:
The physical parameters of lubricating oil, including flash point, pour point, thermal stability, antiwear ability, and viscosity, were all improved by varying concentrations of surface-modified MnO2 nanorods by rates 8.19%, 50%, 63.04%, 10.9%, 8.96% at 40ºC and 4.18% at 100ºC, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the shear strain is reduced and an anti-wear boundary coating is created as a result of the deposition of nanoparticles produced by tribochemical reaction products during the friction process.

Conclusion:
The development of a protective film using nanoadditives improves lubricant requirements, ushering in a revolution in the lubricant industry.
PUPC-GANs: A Novel Image Conversion Model using Modified
CycleGANs in Healthcare
Authors: Taneja Shweta , Suri Bhawna , Kumar Aman , Chowdhry Ashish , Kumar Harsh , Dwivedi Kautuk 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT)
both have their areas of specialty in the medical imaging world. MRI is considered to be a safer
modality as it exploits the magnetic properties of the hydrogen nucleus. Whereas a CT scan uses
multiple X-rays, which is known to contribute to carcinogenesis and is associated with affecting
the patient's health.

Methods:
In scenarios, such as radiation therapy, where both MRI and CT are required for medical
treatment, a unique approach to getting both scans would be to obtain MRI and generate a CT
scan from it. Current deep learning methods for MRI to CT synthesis purely use either paired data
or unpaired data. Models trained with paired data suffer due to a lack of availability of wellaligned
data.

Results:
Training with unpaired data might generate visually realistic images, although it still
does not guarantee good accuracy. To overcome this, we proposed a new model called PUPCGANs
(Paired Unpaired CycleGANs), based on CycleGANs (Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks).

Conclusion:
This model is capable of learning transformations utilizing both paired and unpaired
data. To support this, a paired loss is introduced. Comparing MAE, MSE, NRMSE, PSNR, and
SSIM metrics, PUPC-GANs outperform CycleGANs.
KAJIAN TINGKAT WALKABILITY JALUR PEJALAN KAKI DI KAWASAN CBD BINTARO JAYA, KOTA TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Sasongko Wisnu , Azzahra Ramadhani Nadiva , Kurniawan Eddi Basuki 
Published: March 2023

Walkability is carried out to measure the feasibility of the pedestrian path in the Bintaro Jaya CBD Area, South Tangerang City. According to the RTRW of South Tangerang City in 2011-2031, the Bintaro Jaya CBD area is a strategic area from the point of view of the importance of economic growth and in providing pedestrian paths, it considers aspects of safety, comfort, and security as well as taking into account pedestrian paths with special needs. In the existing condition, it has not been implemented according to the RTRW of South Tangerang City in 2011-2031, namely there are still infrastructure and facilities for pedestrian paths and pedestrian paths with special needs that are uneven, as well as side obstacles and damage to pedestrian paths. The aim of this study is to determine the level of walkability of pedestrian paths in the CBD area of Bintaro Jaya and the type of study is quantitative with the method of analyzing the level of walkability of pedestrian paths using 9 parameters based on Leather et all in 2011. The results of the walkability level analysis show that the lowest walkability score is in segment 3A with a value of 37.0 or not walkable and the highest walkability score is in segment 5A with a value of 74.2 or highly walkable, while the walkability score for one area is 51.7 or waiting to walk.

Keywords: Pedestrian Paths, Walkability, Bintaro Jaya CBD Area.
Smartphone and Mobile App Use Among Physicians in Clinical Practice: Scoping Review
Authors: Lee Mauricette , Bin Mahmood Abu Bakar Shakran , Lee Eng Sing , Smith Helen Elizabeth , Tudor Car Lorainne 
Published: March 2023

Background
Health care professionals are increasingly using smartphones in clinical care. Smartphone use can affect patient quality of care and clinical outcomes.

Objective
This scoping review aimed to describe how physicians use smartphones and mobile apps in clinical settings.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported the results according to PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. We used the following databases in our literature search: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and gray literature for studies published since 2010. An additional search was also performed by scanning the reference lists of included studies. A narrative synthesis approach was used.

Results
A total of 10 studies, published between 2016 and 2021, were included in this review. Of these studies, 8 used surveys and 2 used surveys with focus group study designs to explore smartphone use, its adoption, experience of using it, and views on the use of smartphones among physicians. There were studies with only general practitioners (n=3), studies with only specialists (n=3), and studies with both general practitioners and specialists (n=4). Physicians use smartphones and mobile apps for communication (n=9), clinical decision-making (n=7), drug compendium (n=7), medical education and training (n=7), maintaining health records (n=4), managing time (n=4), and monitoring patients (n=2) in clinical practice. The Medscape medical app was frequently used for information gathering. WhatsApp, a nonmedical app, was commonly used for physician-patient communication. The commonly reported barriers were lack of regulatory oversight, privacy concerns, and limited Wi-Fi or internet access. The commonly reported facilitator was convenience and having access to evidence-based medicine, clinical decision-making support, and a wide array of apps.

Conclusions
Smartphones and mobile apps were used for communication, medical education and training, clinical decision-making, and drug compendia in most studies. Although the benefits of smartphones and mobile apps for physicians at work were promising, there were concerns about patient privacy and confidentiality. Legislation is urgently needed to protect the liability of health care professionals using smartphones.
Glycemic Control and Effects of Canagliflozin in Reducing Albuminuria and eGFR
Authors: van der Hoek Sjoukje , Jongs Niels , Oshima Megumi , Neuen Brendon L. , Stevens Jasper , Perkovic Vlado , Levin Adeera , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Pollock Carol , Greene Tom , Wheeler David C. , Jardine Meg J. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. 
Published: March 2023

Background
In the Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) trial, the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor canagliflozin improved kidney and cardiovascular outcomes and reduced the rate of estimated glomerular filtration decline (eGFR slope) in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD. In other clinical trials of patients with CKD or heart failure, the protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on eGFR slope were greater in participants with versus participants without type 2 diabetes. This post hoc analysis of the CREDENCE trial assessed whether the effects of canagliflozin on eGFR slope varied according to patient subgroups by baseline glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Methods
CREDENCE (ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT02065791]) was a randomized controlled trial in adults with type 2 diabetes with an HbA1c of 6.5%–12.0%, an eGFR of 30–90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 300–5000 mg/g. Participants were randomly assigned to canagliflozin 100 mg once daily or placebo. We studied the effect of canagliflozin on eGFR slope using linear mixed-effects models.

Results
The annual difference in total eGFR slope was 1.52 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 1.93) slower in participants randomized to canagliflozin compared with placebo. The rate of eGFR decline was faster in those with poorer baseline glycemic control. The mean difference in total eGFR slope between canagliflozin and placebo was greater in participants with poorer baseline glycemic control (difference in eGFR slope of 0.39, 1.36, 2.60, 1.63 ml/min per 1.73 m2 for HbA1c subgroups 6.5%–7.0%, 7.0%–8.0%, 8.0%–10.0%, 10.0%–12.0%, respectively; P
interaction = 0.010). The mean difference in change from baseline in urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio between participants randomized to canagliflozin and placebo was smaller in patients with baseline HbA1c 6.5%–7.0% (−17% [95% CI, −28 to −5]) compared with those with an HbA1c of 7.0%–12% (−32% [95% CI, −40 to −28]; P
interaction = 0.03).

Conclusions
The effect of canagliflozin on eGFR slope in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD was more pronounced in patients with higher baseline HbA1c, partly because of the more rapid decline in kidney function in these individuals.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Evaluation of the Effects of Canagliflozin on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Participants With Diabetic Nephropathy (CREDENCE), NCT02065791

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_06_08_CJN0000000000000161.mp3
Adaptation of mathematical model of conductive freezing to carp caviar as lecithin source and its solution
Authors: Polikarpova Violetta Eduardovna , Aleksanyan Igor Yurievich , Arabova Zarema Mikhailovna , Fomenko Ekaterina Valer'evna , Nugmanov Albert Hamed-Harisovich , Lagutkina Lina Yurievna 
Published: March 2023

In modern conditions the food industry of the Russian Federation needs high quality natural emulsifiers, for example, lecithins. It should be noted that the carp caviar, in particular, the sazan caviar contains a large amount of lecithin. Analysis of the positive and negative aspects of different approaches to the freezing process and its structural design leads to the conclusion that it is reasonable to use (both from the point of view of technology, power consuming and economy) a conductive energy removal from the product that is in contact with the working surface of the cooling unit made in the form of a drum with a refrigerant supplied inside it. Given that it is difficult to empirically determine the temperature over the volume of the frozen object, it is advisable to simulate the processes of internal transfer of thermal energy and its exchange at the interfaces between the sample and the external environment, as well as the cooling surface of the drum. The aim of the study was a mathematical model solution about internal heat transfer during sazan caviar freezing under heterogeneous boundary conditions. The object of the study is a thin layer of the sazan caviar. Putting into practice the mathematical model of heat transfer, which describes freezing a 5 mm thick caviar product by the contact method by means of the finite difference method was realized by using the Mathcad Professional software product. In the process of solving the mathematical model of freezing, it was revealed that at the end of the freezing procedure, the average volumetric temperature of the caviar reaches its rational value of –7.5°C, after which the caviar product can be transported to the storage places. Rational operating parameters
of the caviar product freezing process are: ambient air temperature up to 20°C; initial product temperature –10 ± 1°C; drum surface temperature up to –18°C; thickness of the frozen layer – 5 ± 0.5 mm; freezing time = 10 minutes.
The association between suicidal behaviour and violence, sexual abuse, and parental substance abuse among Sami and Greenlandic adolescents: the WBYG study and the NAAHS
Authors: Høilo Granheim Ida Pauline , Kvernmo Siv , Silviken Anne , Lytken Larsen Christina Viskum 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
For young Indigenous people, suicide is one of the leading causes of death, and high rates in Arctic areas indicate serious health and societal concerns. More knowledge is needed, as suicidal behaviour predicts later death by suicide. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts and negative life events, including violence, sexual abuse, and parental substance abuse, in Sami and Greenlandic adolescents, within and between groups and gender.

Method
Working samples included 442 Sami and 399 Greenlandic Inuit (15–16-year-olds), in The Norwegian Arctic Adolescent Health Study (NAAHS) and the Well-Being among Youth in Greenland (WBYG) study. Multivariable logistic regression explored associations between suicidal behaviour and violence, sexual abuse, and parental substance abuse.

Results
Across Indigenous groups, suicidal thoughts and attempts were significantly associated with violence and sexual abuse. The association between suicidal behaviour; especially suicidal thoughts, and sexual abuse was significant and strong among Sami females. Sami and Inuit adolescents with a history of childhood violence reported significantly more suicide attempts; the strongest association was found among Sami males.

Conclusion
To Sami and Greenlandic Inuit, the experiences of negative life events, such as violence or sexual abuse are significant risk factors for suicidal behaviour. Public health programmes and prevention strategies targeting youth mental health and suicide should be culturally sensitive and sensitive to gender differences in the association between negative life events and suicidal behaviour.
Resolusi Konflik Internal Subak Taman Desa Taman Kecamatan Abiansemal Kabupaten Badung
Authors: WIBAWA AGUS ANANDA , SUARDI I DEWA PUTU OKA , PUTRA I GEDE SETIAWAN ADI 
Published: March 2023

Internal Conflict Resolution in Subak Taman, Taman Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency
Subak is an organization that oversees farmers to regulate irrigation, in its activities Subak cannot avoid problems in the form of conflict. Internal conflicts within the subak organization can be triggered by various factors, namely water scarcity and weak coordination between tempek to distribute water resources. Various conflicts that can arise in subak as a consequence of interaction between individuals in the organization, in this case farmers are members of the subak, it is very necessary to handle conflicts that can be applied in the form of management of any problems that arise from the subak organization. This study aims to determine the conflicts that occur in Subak Taman and the conflict resolutions taken to overcome these internal conflicts. This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive analysis using primary and secondary data. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, documentation studies and literature studies. The results showed that the conflicts that occurred in Subak Taman, Taman Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency were lack of irrigation water, work situations where there was blurring of task boundaries, communication failures, cropping patterns and cropping schedules, irrigation water pollution, and individual characteristics, namely differences. traits and personalities and differences in values and needs. Conflict resolution carried out in Subak Taman is by the methods of cooperation (cooperation), avoidance, competition, compromise, accommodation, domination, and problem solving. From the results of the study it can be concluded that there are six internal conflicts that occur in Subak Taman and conflict resolution is carried out using seven methods. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for those who need it.