bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N2′‐Branched Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates Containing 9‐Deazahypoxanthine as Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum 6‐Oxopurine Phosphoribosyltransferase
Authors: Vaňková Karolína , Keough Dianne T. , Hocková Dana , Guddat Luke W. , Janeba Zlatko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwelve N2′‐branched acyclic nucleoside phosphonates and bisphosphonates were synthesized as potential inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum hypoxanthine‐guanine‐xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (PfHGXPRT), the key enzyme in the purine salvage pathway for production of purine nucleotides. The chemical structures were designed with the aim to study selectivity of the inhibitors for PfHGXPRT over human HGPRT. The newly prepared compounds contain 9‐deazahypoxanthine connected to a phosphonate group via a five‐atom‐linker bearing a nitrogen atom (N2′) as a branching point. All compounds, with the additional phosphonate group(s) in the second aliphatic linker attached to N2′ atom, were low micromolar inhibitors of PfHGXPRT with low to modest selectivity for the parasite enzyme over human HGPRT. The effect of the addition of different chemical groups/linkers to N2′ atom on the inhibition constants and selectivity is discussed.
Programming heterogeneous architectures using hierarchical tasks
Authors: Faverge Mathieu , Furmento Nathalie , Guermouche Abdou , Lucas Gwenolé , Namyst Raymond , Thibault Samuel , Wacrenier Pierre‐André 
Published: June 2023

SummaryTask‐based systems have become popular due to their ability to utilize the computational power of complex heterogeneous systems. A typical programming model used is the Sequential Task Flow (STF) model, which unfortunately only supports static task graphs. This can result in submission overhead and a static task graph that is not well‐suited for execution on heterogeneous systems. A common approach is to find a balance between the granularity needed for accelerator devices and the granularity required by CPU cores to achieve optimal performance. To address these issues, we have extended the STF model in the StarPU runtime system by introducing the concept of hierarchical tasks. This allows for a more dynamic task graph and, when combined with an automatic data manager, it is possible to adjust granularity at runtime to best match the targeted computing resource. That data manager makes it possible to switch between various data layout without programmer input and allows us to enforce the correctness of the DAG as hierarchical tasks alter it during runtime. Additionally, submission overhead is reduced by using large‐grain hierarchical tasks, as the submission process can now be done in parallel. We have shown that the hierarchical task model is correct and have conducted an early evaluation on shared memory heterogeneous systems using the Chameleon dense linear algebra library.
Light‐Switchable Metal Complexes: Introducing Photoresponsive Behaviour Through Azoheteroarenes
Authors: Gupta Debapriya , Gaur Ankit Kumar , Kumar Himanshu , Singh Sapna , Venkataramani Sugumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAzoheteroarenes are emerging classes of photoswitches with versatile scaffolds that offer distinct features such as efficient photoisomerization, tunable stability of the photoswitched states, and bidirectional photoswitching. Moreover, the heteroatoms of such photoswitches exhibit coordination ability to bind to the metal centers. The resulting azoheteroarene‐based metal complexes can be designed and developed to tune various metal‐based properties towards intriguing applications such as in optics, magnetic properties, data storage applications, and catalysis. Despite the diverse utility of azopyridines in such contexts, other azoheteroarenes, particularly the state‐of‐the‐art five‐membered heterocycle‐based photoswitches, remain under‐explored. In this Review, we describe the diverse classes of azoheteroarene‐coordinated metal complexes reported in the literature and survey their photoswitching behaviour and applications. Furthermore, we identify potential azoheteroarene candidates for building photochrome‐coupled metal complexes and supramolecular architectures for maximizing the photo‐tuning of metal‐related properties.
Traditional serrated adenoma with superficially serrated adenoma: A case treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection with detailed endoscopic observation and pathological study
Authors: Sato Momoka , Kato Tomoji , Tezen Yu , Hayashi Takeshi , Matsui Toru , Kobayashi Katsuya , Sekigawa Kenichiro , Tajiri Ryosuke , Mitsui Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA new subtype of serrated lesions, superficially serrated adenoma (SuSA), has been proposed as a lesion that histopathologically exhibits the morphological features of both conventional adenomas and serrated lesions and is difficult to classify as either one. SuSA has been elucidated to be a precursor lesion of KRAS‐type traditional serrated adenoma. It has also been reported that SuSA may have malignant potential.We report a case treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection and detailed observation. Endoscopy revealed a raised lesion with a two‐tier raised appearance in the sigmoid colon: a tall pinecone‐like reddish structure and flattened whitish elevation on white light imaging. Magnifying narrow‐band imaging revealed conspicuous blood vessels in the pinecone‐like structure and slightly dilated reticular vessels in the flattened area. Crystal violet staining showed that the pinecone‐like structure had a type IVH pit pattern and the flattened area had a stellate to slightly elongated type IIIH pit pattern diagnosed based on Kudo's classification and other pit pattern classification systems. Ki67‐positive cells were distributed in the basal and middle layers of the gland in the flattened elevated area. Genetic analysis results were positive for KRAS mutation and negative for BRAF mutation. Histopathological examination revealed a traditional serrated adenoma in the pinecone‐like structure and SuSA in the adjacent flattened elevated area.
Population structure and phylogeography of three closely related tree peonies
Authors: Liu Guangli , Xue Ge , Zhao Tingting , Li Yang , Yue Liangliang , Song Huixing , Liu Qinglin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPaeonia decomposita, Paeonia rotundiloba, and Paeonia rockii are three closely related species of Sect. Moutan is distributed in the montane area of the Eastern Hengduan Mountain region. Understanding the population history of these three tree peony species could contribute to unraveling the evolutionary patterns of undergrowth species in this hotspot area. We used one nuclear DNA marker (internal transcribed spacer region, ITS) and two chloroplast DNA markers (matK, ycf1) to reconstruct the phylogeographic pattern of the populations. In total, 228 individuals from 17 populations of the three species were analyzed in this study. Three nuclear clades (Clade I – Clade III) and four maternal clades (Clade A – Clade D) were reconstructed. Molecular dating suggested that young lineages diverged during the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene, younger than the uplift of the Hengduan Mountains but older than the last glacial maximum (LGM). Significant population and phylogeographic structures were detected at both markers. Furthermore, the populations of these tree peonies were overall at equilibrium during the climatic oscillations of the Pleistocene. The simulated palaeoranges of the three species during the LGM period mostly overlapped, which could have led to cross‐breeding events. We propose an evolutionary scenario in which mountain orogenesis around the Hengduan Mountain area triggered parapatric isolation between maternal lineages of tree peonies. Subsequent climatic fluctuations drove migration and range recontact of these populations along the valleys. This detailed evolutionary history provides new insights into the phylogeographic pattern of species from mountain‐valley systems.
Renal tubular damage and clinical outcome in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Otaki Yoichiro , Watanabe Tetsu , Shimizu Mari , Tachibana Shingo , Sato Junya , Kobayashi Yuta , Saito Yuji , Aono Tomonori , Tamura Harutoshi , Kato Shigehiko , Nishiyama Satoshi , Takahashi Hiroki , Arimoto Takanori , Watanabe Masafumi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsDespite advances in heart failure (HF) treatment, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a health problem with a high mortality rate. HFpEF is composed of diverse phenogroups, of which patients with concomitant renal impairment have worse outcomes. Renal tubular damage (RTD) is associated with the development of HF and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the impact of RTD on HF progression in patients with HFpEF and CKD remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine whether RTD could predict HF‐related events in patients with HFpEF and CKD.Methods and resultsWe measured RTD markers, such as urinary β2‐microglobulin to creatinine ratio (UBCR) and N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐glucosamidase (NAG) level, in 319 consecutive patients with HFpEF and CKD who were hospitalized for acute HF (49% females, mean age 76 ± 12). Based on previous reports, high UBCR and high NAG levels were defined as UBCR ≥300 μg/gCr and NAG >14.2 U/gCr, respectively. There were 91 HF‐related events, defined as HF hospitalizations or HF deaths, during the median follow‐up period of 5.2 years. The prevalence of high UBCR increased with advancing New York Heart Association functional class and albuminuria. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with high UBCR had more HF‐related events than those with normal or low UBCR. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses demonstrated that high UBCR, but not high NAG level, was an independent predictor of HF‐related events after adjusting for confounding risk factors in patients with HFpEF and CKD (hazard ratio, 2.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.52–4.72; P = 0.0009). UBCR significantly improved the C‐statistic, with a significant net reclassification index and integrated discrimination improvement (0.738 vs. 0.684; P = 0.0244).ConclusionRTD, as assessed by a high UBCR, was associated with the severity and clinical outcomes of HFpEF and CKD, indicating that it could be a feasible marker for HF progression.
Gut microbiota induced epigenetic modifications in the non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease pathogenesis
Authors: Tang Ruiqi , Liu Rongrong , Zha Hua , Cheng Yiwen , Ling Zongxin , Li Lanjuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a growing global health concern that can lead to liver disease and cancer. It is characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, unrelated to excessive alcohol consumption. Studies indicate that the gut microbiota‐host crosstalk may play a causal role in NAFLD pathogenesis, with epigenetic modification serving as a key mechanism for regulating this interaction. In this review, we explore how the interplay between gut microbiota and the host epigenome impacts the development of NAFLD. Specifically, we discuss how gut microbiota‐derived factors, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can modulate the DNA methylation and histone acetylation of genes associated with NAFLD, subsequently affecting lipid metabolism and immune homeostasis. Although the current literature suggests a link between gut microbiota and NAFLD development, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying this crosstalk remains limited. Therefore, more comprehensive epigenomic and multi‐omic studies, including broader clinical and animal experiments, are needed to further explore the mechanisms linking the gut microbiota to NAFLD‐associated genes. These studies are anticipated to improve microbial markers based on epigenetic strategies and provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of NAFLD, ultimately addressing a significant unmet clinical need.
Li metal anode interface in sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state Li batteries
Authors: Li Jingyan , Luo Jiayao , Li Xiang , Fu Yongzhu , Zhu Jinhui , Zhuang Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSulfide solid electrolyte (SSE)‐based all‐solid‐state Li batteries (ASSLBs) can overcome the problems of low energy density and safety concern of current Li‐ion batteries. However, the practical application of SSE‐based ASSLBs is suffered from several problems, especially interfacial issues between Li metal anode (LMA) and SSEs. Therefore, in this study, the problems of the LMA–SSE interface and their corresponding solutions are reviewed. First, the interfacial problems are summarized, namely the side reactions of SSEs, the Li dendrite growth, and poor contact between the electrode and electrolyte. Second, the available strategies to improve the robustness of the interface are discussed, including the protection of the LMA, substitution of the LMA, and modification of SSEs. Third, the characterization methods used to analyze the morphological and compositional evolution of the interface during cycling are introduced. Finally, the limitations and future research directions are proposed.image
Successful stereoelectroencephalography re‐evaluation in epilepsy patients after failed initial subdural grid evaluation
Authors: Joshi Stuti , Stephens Eleanor , Bleasel Andrew , Bartley Melissa , Wijayath Manori , Rahman Zebunnessa , Varikatt Winny , Dexter Mark , Wong Chong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy surgery success is dependent on accurate localization of the epileptogenic zone. Despite the use of invasive EEG using subdural grids and strips, surgical failures can occur. In this series, we explore the utility of a second evaluation with stereoelectroencephalography in patients whose initial invasive evaluation with subdural grid electrodes was unsuccessful in localizing seizure origin.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent subdural grid evaluation (SDE) at our center and identified patients who underwent a re‐evaluation with stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG).ResultsWe identified three patients who had both subdural and SEEG electrodes in the region of the identified epileptogenic zone in whom the initial SDE evaluation failed to make the patients seizure‐free. Two of these patients underwent a second resection and became seizure‐free.SignificanceStereoelectroencephalography can be useful in the re‐evaluation and re‐operation of patients who previously had surgical failure using SDE.
Feeding the microbiota–gut–brain axis: Nucleotides and their role in early life
Authors: Qu Zhihao , Tian Peijun , Zhao Jianxin , Wang Gang , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNucleotides ingested from breast milk and complementary foods during infancy play a vital role in the development of the immune and nervous system, as well as the maturation of gut function, and are considered a “special dietary nutrient.” Based on the existing research progress and theoretical basis, this review takes the distribution of dietary nucleotides (NTs) in the early life (after birth to the age of 3 years) diet and the in vivo metabolism/absorption process as the starting point and expounds on its potential impact and mechanism of action on early gastrointestinal and brain development. With the understanding of gut microbiota (GM), the interaction between dietary factors and GM has become a focus of food research. It is of great significance to reexamine the biological effects of early dietary nucleotide intake on infant gut–brain development from the perspective of the GM–gut–brain axis. This paper reveals the potential relationship between the NTs–GM–gut–brain axis and provides new ideas and theories for the research and application of NTs in the field of infant nutrition.
Mixed‐frequency predictive regressions with parameter learning
Authors: Leippold Markus , Yang Hanlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe explore the performance of mixed‐frequency predictive regressions for stock returns from the perspective of a Bayesian investor. We develop a constrained parameter learning approach for sequential estimation allowing for belief revisions. Empirically, we find that mixed‐frequency models improve predictability, not only because of the combination of predictors with different frequencies but also due to the preservation of high‐frequency features such as time‐varying volatility. Temporally aggregated models misspecify the evolution frequency of the volatility dynamics, resulting in poor volatility timing and worse portfolio performance than the mixed‐frequency specification. These results highlight the importance of preserving the potential mixed‐frequency nature of predictors and volatility in predictive regressions.
Using health and performance data for efficient sheep production
Authors: Page Phillipa , Stubbings Lesley , Blyth Matthew 
Published: June 2023

Background: It's important that practitioners have a deep understanding of how flock health can be measured and managed to improve animal health and efficiency, and help to drive productivity and profitability of their clients' farms.Aim of the article: This article provides guidance on how to develop flock health visits so that they add value and have an impact on driving efficiency, as well as on how to deliver proactive advice based on farm data and key performance indicators (KPIs). The article also discusses the types and levels of data and ways it can be collected, and provides an overview of the most useful KPIs and how to use them to set priorities for the farm and assess the impacts and benefits of interventions for the flock.
Determining Kostiakov–Lewis infiltration coefficients using the water advance relationship and optimization
Authors: Panahi Amir , Seyedzadeh Amin , Bahrami Mehdi , Maroufpoor Eisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwo exponential relationships ([1] from the beginning to the midpoint of the field, [2] from the beginning to the endpoint of the field) were considered for the advance curve of surface irrigation water along a field. The constant coefficients of these advance relationships were determined using the least squares optimization method. These relationships were compared with the advanced relationships obtained by the Elliott and Walker method (EW) using the advanced data related to 14 irrigation events and using root mean square error deviation (dRMS) and Nash–Sutcliffe (NSE) indices. The results of this evaluation showed that the advanced relationships obtained from the method presented in this research (TR) have better accuracy, with average values of 7.05 min and 0.984 for dRMS and NSE, respectively. Then, using the TR method for deriving the advance relationships and using the volume balance method, the coefficients of the Kostiakov–Lewis infiltration relationship were determined. The infiltration relationships derived from the TR method were compared with the infiltration relationships obtained from the two‐point method of EW. The results of this investigation showed that the TR method predicts the average infiltration depth with an average absolute relative error of 6%, which is more accurate than that of EW.
IFRS diffusion and earnings quality: Moderating role of firm size and IFRS specialists
Authors: Bansal Manish 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe study investigates the learning curve impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on earnings quality. In other words, the study investigates how IFRS affects the quality of earnings over time. The study also examines the moderating role of firm size and IFRS specialists/experts on the issue. We use firm‐level data of Bombay Stock Exchange listed firms and analyze it through the “Difference in Difference” technique. We find that the association between IFRS and earnings quality changes favorably as the introduction grows longer. In particular, we find that earnings quality is lower during the initial years of IFRS adoption, however, it improves in the later years of adoption, consistent with the notion of diffusion and learning curve theory. Our subsequent tests suggest that small firms are taking more time to percolate through the IFRS system, however, it does not hold when small firms hire IFRS specialists/experts to migrate their older accounts to IFRS, consistent with the notion of resource dependency theory of innovation. Overall, IFRS is found to be a continuous improvement process in emerging nations whose benefit can be derived in the initial years by providing sufficient infrastructural and institutional support, particularly to small firms. Our findings are robust to the problem of endogeneity and offer real‐world ramifications for regulatory authorities, accounting‐standard setters, and investors.
Preclinical teaching of periodontal surgical concepts using common instructional models: A comparative assessment
Authors: Eswaran Sridhar , Dowlatshahi Sahar , Weltman Robin , Zhu Liang , Elangovan Satheesh , Lee Chun‐Teh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesSome commonly used models utilized for teaching periodontal surgical techniques to dental students include pig mandible and periodontal typodonts. Currently, no study compares the learning and teaching outcomes following the use of one model to the other. This study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the preclinical laboratory component on student understanding of concepts taught in the periodontal surgical course and assessing students’ and faculty members’ satisfaction with the instructional models.MethodsAs part of the surgical periodontics course, 98 students took the final exam, with eighty students participating in only the pig mandible session and twenty‐three students participating in both the pig jaw mandible and an additional session utilizing periodontal typodonts under the supervision of ten periodontal faculty members. Examination scores of students attending or not attending the laboratory session were analyzed by a two‐sample t‐test. A questionnaire evaluating the effectiveness of both models was given to faculty members and students who participated in both laboratory sessions. These results were analyzed by paired t‐test.ResultsParticipation in the laboratory sessions did not significantly impact the final exam scores (p = 0.722). Students who had better didactic performance in the course performed better in the final exam, irrespective of laboratory participation. Both students and faculty members preferred typodont to the pig mandibles in learning or teaching periodontal surgical concepts, but both felt gaining flap management and flap refection experience to be better with the pig mandible model without statistical significance (p = 0.119 and p = 0.070, respectively).ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, we can conclude that laboratory sessions did not significantly improve student performance on the exam. Students and faculty members generally gave positive feedback on both instructional models. Periodontal typodont could be an alternative model for teaching dental students, periodontal surgical concepts.