bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of Non-ECG Gated Chest CT (NEGCT) for cardiac chambers’ dimensions in comparison with echocardiography
Authors: Hafeez Mahnoor , Sattar Amjad 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To analyze the accuracy of Non-ECG Gated Chest CT (NEGCT) for cardiac chambers’ dimensions, keeping Echocardiography as the gold standard.
Methods: After IRB approval, all patients that underwent concurrent contrast chest CT/CTPA and transthoracic 2D echocardiography exam at our institute within 1 month interval comprised the study population. Data was archived from HMIS PACS Database. The sizes of right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA) was recorded in shot axis at axial CT sections and at echocardiography. RV and LV-transverse diameter was measured at basal third of the heart, from the inner to inner myocardium perpendicular to the inter-ventricular septum and LA-max. Anterior-posterior dimension was measured at the level of the aortic root.
Results: Total 213 subjects were studied, with average age of 52.1±15.8 years. The CT-Echocardiography measurement concordance rates were significantly high for LA, LV and RV measuring 93.8%, 96.7% and 69.01% respectively. Using CT threshold for LA, LV, RV enlargement > or equal to 45, 55, 35mm, the AUC via ROC curve analysis was estimated to be 0.912, 0.992, 0.650 respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of NEGCT was found to be 66.67%, 95.10%, 37.5%, 98.5% and 93.90% for LA; 100%, 96.67%, 30.0%, 100%, 96.7% for LV and 33.33%, 74.86%, 17.86% 87.26% and 69.01% for RV respectively.
Conclusion: Overall, the accuracy of chamber dimensions at NEGCT was excellent with high CT-Echocardiography concordance, making it an alternative modality for examining chamber sizes, in the absence of cardiac MRI. Through it, a radiologist can also add more value to CT reporting.
Keywords:
Echocardiography, NEGCT, Dimensional Measurement
Demographic features and outcomes in critically ill mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure in a resource limited ICU setting – Report from a tertiary care center in Karachi
Authors: Hanif Mehak , Sumalani Kamran Khan , Shaikh Zarkesh , Mandhan Vishal , Haider Shahbaz 
Published: February 2023

Background: Studies done on severe COVID-19 have revealed a wide heterogeneity in intensive care clinical outcomes across various countries. We aimed to identify the demographic features and outcomes of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure in Pakistan in resource limited settings.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the COVID-19 Intensive care unit (ICU) of Jinnah postgraduate medical center in Karachi, Pakistan. 86 patients who received mechanical ventilation in a period of five months from 1/2/2021 till 30/6/2021 were included in the study. Patient demographic characteristics, comorbidities, clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection, laboratory values at the time of presentation (hemoglobin, Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, platelets, glomerular filtration rate, C-reactive protein, D-dimers, Ferritin, liver function tests and electrolytes) and mode and duration of ventilation, final outcome (survivor vs. non-survivor) and cause of death in non-survivors were recorded.
Results: 86 patients, who required mechanical ventilation because of severe respiratory distress not alleviated by non-invasive methods of ventilation, were included in the study. 66.3% (n=57) were males and 33.7% (n=29) were females. Mean age was 59 (SD 12). The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus and hypertension 44.2% (n=38) each. Only 3 (3.4%) of mechanically ventilated patients were extubated and 1 patient was eventually discharged home on room air. The mortality rate was 98.8% and only one patient survived. The most common causes of death were respiratory failure (86%, n=74), renal failure (48.8%, n=42) and sepsis (18.6%, n=16).
Conclusion: Mortality in COVID-19 patients who require mechanical ventilation is very high in resource limited settings because of the lack of essential medications, specialized teams and established protocols of ICU management and is not related to the demographic characteristics and comorbidities of patients and severity of disease at presentation.
Keywords:
COVID-19, Intensive Care Unit, Mechanical Ventilation, Mortality
Тенденції розвитку програмового забезпечення іншомовної підготовки магістрів-філологів у закладах вищої освіти України на сучасному етапі
Authors: Корнієнко Марія 
Published: February 2023

У статті висвітлюються проблеми формування програмового забезпечення іншомовної підготовки магістрів-філологів – майбутніх учителів англійської мови, зумовлені трансформаційними процесами, що відбуваються в українській освіті загалом і вищій школі зокрема. Авторка зосереджується на програмовому забезпеченні саме магістерської підготовки, оскільки другий рівень вищої освіти має високий потенціал для формування компетентного фахівця-новатора, свідомого рушія суспільного розвитку.
У роботі використані дисертаційні дослідження й монографічні праці вітчизняних учених стосовно загальних засад розвитку магістратури та ступеневої підготовки вчителів іноземних мов, переважно – англійської.
Аналізуються основні тенденції програмування магістерської освіти в Україні наприкінці минулого й на початку нинішнього століття, найважливішими з яких є диференціація змісту навчання і форм контролю за його результатами на різних рівнях вищої освіти, варіативність змісту навчання та його компетентнісна спрямованість, європейська інтеграція та особистісна зорієнтованість фахової підготовки. Стверджується тісний зв’язок між освітньо-професійною програмою та програмами навчальних дисциплін.
حق الخصوصية دراسة مقارنة بين الفقه الإسلامي والقانون الوضعي
Authors: نعمان جليلة بنت صالح 
Published: February 2023

يعتبر حق الخصوصية من الحقوق الطبيعية الشخصية التي تحظى باهتمام كبير لعلاقتها بحريات الأفراد لأنه يعتبر من الحريات العامة، فحرمة الحياة الخاصة هي لب الحرية الشخصية وهي حرية أساسية لأنها تكفل كرامة الإنسان، فهو من أقدس حقوق الإنسان وأسماها، ويتسم بطابع السرية والخصوصية، وهو حق تأصل في كل النظم الوضعية على أسس أخلاقية ودينية مصدرها الشريعة الإسلامية، وحق الخصوصية يظهر في عدة صور منها ما هو متفق عليها كحرمة المسكن وحرمة الجسد وحرمة المراسلات والاتصالات ومنها ما هو مختلف فيها كالحق في الصورة وحرمة الحياة المهنية وغيرها من الصور التي لا يمكن حصرها سواء في القانون الوضعي أو في الشريعة الإسلامية نظرا لاختلاف الأنماط والأساليب والتقاليد والعادات والثقافات والأنظمة القانونية التي تسود المجتمعات وهي عرضة للتغيير والتطور الدائم.
ورغم تخلي الشريعة الإسلامية والقوانين الوضعية عن إعطاء تعريف خاص له، فقد اعترفت به ووضعت له ضوابط وقواعد لحمايته من خلال تجريم كل فعل من شأنه أن ينتقص من حق الإنسان في العيش الكريم في ظل الخصوصية كجرائم الاعتداء على النفس والجرائم المتعلقة بحرمة السكن والرسائل وإفشاء الأسرار وانتحال الاسم والتزوير فيه واهتمامها أيضا بحماية المحادثات الشخصية بتجريم التجسس وغيرها، والنص على ذلك في مصادر الشريعة الإسلامية القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية وفي مصادر القانون الوضعي سواء على المستوى الدولي كالاتفاقيات والقرارات الصادرة عن هيئة الأمم المتحدة والمؤتمرات الدولية والإقليمية أو على الصعيد الداخلي من خلال نصوص دستورية صريحة ونصوص التشريعات الداخلية سواء في القانون الجنائي أو القانون المدني.
Identification of Honesty Behavior in Science Class XII Students of Senior High School
Authors: Rohmahtika Arin , Wirayuda Ricky Purnama 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of the study: Honest behavior is one of the positive behaviors that every individual needs to have from an early age. This study aims to analyze the honest behavior of students in learning Physics, especially the material of heat and its transfer at SMA Negeri 7 Jambi City. Methodology: This research design uses a descriptive type, where the researcher describes the honest attitude of students. This research was at Senior High School 7 in Jambi City. The population in this study were all students of class XII IPA SMA Negeri 7 Jambi City with a total of 60 respondents. Main Findings: From the results of identifying the attitude of honesty in class XII IPA students at Senior High School 7 in Jambi City based on the parameters that have been explained that the character level of honest behavior of class XII IPA students of Senior High School 7 in Jambi City is in the “Good” category. Novelty/Originality of this study: After the research was carried out, it was found that this research was updated, namely being able to find out how the attitude of honesty of class XI I students, especially at Senior High School 7 in Jambi city.
Non-usual Functioning of Discourse Markers-Parcellates in Contemporary Anglophone Poetry
Authors: Захаркив Е.В. 
Published: February 2023

В данной статье на материале современной англоязычной поэзии исследуется специфика функционирования дискурсивных слов, представленных в виде парцеллятов. Фиксированный порядок слов в английском языке обусловил эксперимент с синтаксисом (с учетом того, что поэты всегда стремятся преодолеть конвенцию языка). Посредством такого синтаксически неузуального употребления стереотипных единиц (дискурсивных слов) производится «критическое переосмысление» языковых процессов клиширования и контекстуальное расширение языковых возможностей. Учитывая большое количество работ, посвященных поэтическому синтаксису, подчеркивается актуальность исследования частного аспекта — парцелляции служебных и функциональных элементов в современной поэзии. В связи с отсутствием самостоятельного денотативного значения, а также высокой степенью зависимости от контекста с точки зрения интерпретации дискурсивных слов, узуальная функция этих прагматических единиц, употребленных в качестве отдельных сообщений-парцеллятов, значительно модифицируется.
The article presents a study of the specific functioning of discourse markers presented as parceled constructions. The analysis is based on the material of modern English-language poetry. The fixed word order in English led to experimentation with syntax (given that poets always strive to overcome the conventions of language). A “critical rethinking” of the linguistic processes of cliché and a contextual expansion of linguistic possibilities is accomplished through such a syntactically non-usual use of stereotyped units (discourse markers). A large number of works devoted to poetic syntax emphasize the relevance of the study of a particular aspect — the parceling of functional elements in modern poetry. Considering the absence of an independent denotative meaning, as well as a high degree of dependence on the context in terms of the interpretation of the discourse markers, the usual function of the latter used as a separate parcel message is significantly modified.
Neologisms of the COVID-19 Pandemic Era (based on the German and French Languages)
Authors: Серебрякова Е.В. , Финикова Ю.Б. , Хомутская Н.И. 
Published: February 2023

В статье на материале словарного состава современных немецкого и французского языков анализируется общественное явление, охватившее весь мир с конца 2019 года, — ковид-19 (COVID-19). Цель исследования — на основании отобранного актуального практического материала показать отображение возникших понятий указанного общественного явления при образовании новых лексических единиц (неологизмов), пополняющих словарный состав исследуемых языков, с помощью использования их разветвленной словообразовательной системы. Научная новизна исследования заключается в том, что эпоха коронавируса, приобретающая на современном этапе скачкообразный характер, не только привела к возникновению новых слов, но и поставила перед языковедами ряд исследовательских задач в области: орфографии (слитное, раздельное или дефисное написание); словообразования (образуется ли лексема из сложения только непосредственных составляющих или с добавлением интерфиксов), как часто встречаются примеры гибридных слов (заимствованное слово + автохтонный элемент); частеречной принадлежности неологизмов. Авторы приходят к выводу, что, обогащая словарный состав исследуемых языков, неологизмы способствуют гибкости языка в осмыслении уже имеющейся лексики и образовании новой.
The article deals with vocabulary items which represent the COVID-19 phenomenon in German and French. The article aims at showing the way newly-emerging notions reflect the COVID-19 pandemic and enrich the word-stock of the languages under comparison. The novelty of the article is in the fact that COVID-19 pandemic, being saltatory in nature, has not only led to the creation of new words, but has also posed a number of linguistic challenges in terms ofspelling, word-formation and part-of-speech reference. The authors conclude that neologisms contribute to the enrichment of the word-stock of languages under the study, make them more flexible in comprehension of already existing lexis and in the formation of new vocabulary units.
PHANGS–JWST First Results: A Combined HST and JWST Analysis of the Nuclear Star Cluster in NGC 628
Authors: Hoyer Nils , Pinna Francesca , Kamlah Albrecht W. H. , Nogueras-Lara Francisco , Feldmeier-Krause Anja , Neumayer Nadine , Sormani Mattia C. , Boquien Médéric , Emsellem Eric , Seth Anil C. , Klessen Ralf S. , Williams Thomas G. , Schinnerer Eva , Barnes Ashley. T. , Leroy Adam K. , Bonoli Silvia , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Neumann Justus , Sánchez-Blázquez Patricia , Dale Daniel A. , Watkins Elizabeth J. , Thilker David A. , Rosolowsky Erik , Bigiel Frank , Grasha Kathryn , Egorov Oleg V. , Liu Daizhong , Sandstrom Karin M. , Larson Kirsten L. , Blanc Guillermo A. , Hassani Hamid 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We combine archival Hubble Space Telescope and new James Webb Space Telescope imaging data covering the ultraviolet to mid-infrared regime to morphologically analyze the nuclear star cluster (NSC) of NGC 628, a grand-design spiral galaxy. The cluster is located in a 200 pc × 400 pc cavity lacking both dust and gas. We find roughly constant values for the effective radius (r
eff ∼ 5 pc) and ellipticity (ϵ ∼ 0.05), while the Sérsic index (n) and position angle (PA) drop from n ∼ 3 to ∼2 and PA ∼ 130° to 90°, respectively. In the mid-infrared, r
eff ∼ 12 pc, ϵ ∼ 0.4, and n ∼ 1–1.5, with the same PA ∼ 90°. The NSC has a stellar mass of

log

10

(

M

⋆

nsc

/

M

⊙

)
=
7.06
±
0.31

, as derived through B − V, confirmed when using multiwavelength data, and in agreement with the literature value. Fitting the spectral energy distribution (SED), excluding the mid-infrared data, yields a main stellar population age of (8 ± 3) Gyr with a metallicity of Z = 0.012 ± 0.006. There is no indication of any significant star formation over the last few gigayears. Whether gas and dust were dynamically kept out or evacuated from the central cavity remains unclear. The best fit suggests an excess of flux in the mid-infrared bands, with further indications that the center of the mid-infrared structure is displaced with respect to the optical center of the NSC. We discuss five potential scenarios, none of them fully explaining both the observed photometry and structure.
PHANGS–JWST First Results: Dust-embedded Star Clusters in NGC 7496 Selected via 3.3 μm PAH Emission
Authors: Rodríguez M. Jimena , Lee Janice C. , Whitmore B. C. , Thilker David A. , Maschmann Daniel , Chandar Rupali , Deger Sinan , Boquien Médéric , Dale Daniel A. , Larson Kirsten L. , Williams Thomas G. , Kim Hwihyun , Schinnerer Eva , Rosolowsky Erik , Leroy Adam K. , Emsellem Eric , Sandstrom Karin M. , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Grasha Kathryn , Watkins Elizabeth J. , Barnes Ashley. T. , Sormani Mattia C. , Kim Jaeyeon , Anand Gagandeep S. , Chevance Mélanie , Bigiel F. , Klessen Ralf S. , Hassani Hamid , Liu Daizhong , Faesi Christopher M. , Cao Yixian , Belfiore Francesco , Pessa Ismael , Kreckel Kathryn , Groves Brent , Pety Jérôme , Indebetouw Rémy , Egorov Oleg V. , Blanc Guillermo A. , Saito Toshiki , Hughes Annie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The earliest stages of star formation occur enshrouded in dust and are not observable in the optical. Here we leverage the extraordinary new high-resolution infrared imaging from JWST to begin the study of dust-embedded star clusters in nearby galaxies throughout the Local Volume. We present a technique for identifying dust-embedded clusters in NGC 7496 (18.7 Mpc), the first galaxy to be observed by the PHANGS–JWST Cycle 1 Treasury Survey. We select sources that have strong 3.3 μm PAH emission based on a F300M − F335M color excess and identify 67 candidate embedded clusters. Only eight of these are found in the PHANGS-HST optically selected cluster catalog, and all are young (six have SED fit ages of ∼1 Myr). We find that this sample of embedded cluster candidates may significantly increase the census of young clusters in NGC 7496 from the PHANGS-HST catalog; the number of clusters younger than ∼2 Myr could be increased by a factor of 2. Candidates are preferentially located in dust lanes and are coincident with the peaks in the PHANGS-ALMA CO (2–1) maps. We take a first look at concentration indices, luminosity functions, SEDs spanning from 2700 Å to 21 μm, and stellar masses (estimated to be between ∼104 and 105
M
⊙). The methods tested here provide a basis for future work to derive accurate constraints on the physical properties of embedded clusters, characterize the completeness of cluster samples, and expand analysis to all 19 galaxies in the PHANGS–JWST sample, which will enable basic unsolved problems in star formation and cluster evolution to be addressed.
PHANGS–JWST First Results: Tracing the Diffuse Interstellar Medium with JWST Imaging of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission in Nearby Galaxies
Authors: Sandstrom Karin M. , Koch Eric W. , Leroy Adam K. , Rosolowsky Erik , Emsellem Eric , Smith Rowan J. , Egorov Oleg V. , Williams Thomas G. , Larson Kirsten L. , Lee Janice C. , Schinnerer Eva , Thilker David A. , Barnes Ashley T. , Belfiore Francesco , Bigiel F. , Blanc Guillermo A. , Bolatto Alberto D. , Boquien Médéric , Cao Yixian , Chastenet Jérémy , Chevance Mélanie , Chiang 江 I-Da 宜達 , Dale Daniel A. , Faesi Christopher M. , Glover Simon C. O. , Grasha Kathryn , Groves Brent , Hassani Hamid , Henshaw Jonathan D. , Hughes Annie , Kim Jaeyeon , Klessen Ralf S. , Kreckel Kathryn , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Lopez Laura A. , Liu Daizhong , Meidt Sharon E. , Murphy Eric J. , Pan Hsi-An , Querejeta Miguel , Saito Toshiki , Sardone Amy , Sormani Mattia C. , Sutter Jessica , Usero Antonio , Watkins Elizabeth J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
JWST observations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission provide some of the deepest and highest resolution views of the cold interstellar medium (ISM) in nearby galaxies. If PAHs are well mixed with the atomic and molecular gas and illuminated by the average diffuse interstellar radiation field, PAH emission may provide an approximately linear, high-resolution, high-sensitivity tracer of diffuse gas surface density. We present a pilot study that explores using PAH emission in this way based on Mid-Infrared Instrument observations of IC 5332, NGC 628, NGC 1365, and NGC 7496 from the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS-JWST Treasury. Using scaling relationships calibrated in Leroy et al., scaled F1130W provides 10–40 pc resolution and 3σ sensitivity of Σgas ∼ 2 M
⊙ pc−2. We characterize the surface densities of structures seen at <7 M
⊙ pc−2 in our targets, where we expect the gas to be H i-dominated. We highlight the existence of filaments, interarm emission, and holes in the diffuse ISM at these low surface densities. Below ∼10 M
⊙ pc−2 for NGC 628, NGC 1365, and NGC 7496 the gas distribution shows a “Swiss cheese”-like topology due to holes and bubbles pervading the relatively smooth distribution of the diffuse ISM. Comparing to recent galaxy simulations, we observe similar topology for the low-surface-density gas, though with notable variations between simulations with different setups and resolution. Such a comparison of high-resolution, low-surface-density gas with simulations is not possible with existing atomic and molecular gas maps, highlighting the unique power of JWST maps of PAH emission.
PHANGS–JWST First Results: Interstellar Medium Structure on the Turbulent Jeans Scale in Four Disk Galaxies Observed by JWST and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array
Authors: Meidt Sharon E. , Rosolowsky Erik , Sun Jiayi , Koch Eric W. , Klessen Ralf S. , Leroy Adam K. , Schinnerer Eva , Barnes Ashley. T. , Glover Simon C. O. , Lee Janice C. , van der Wel Arjen , Watkins Elizabeth J. , Williams Thomas G. , Bigiel F. , Boquien Médéric , Blanc Guillermo A. , Cao Yixian , Chevance Mélanie , Dale Daniel A. , Egorov Oleg V. , Emsellem Eric , Grasha Kathryn , Henshaw Jonathan D. , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Larson Kirsten L. , Liu Daizhong , Murphy Eric J. , Pety Jérôme , Querejeta Miguel , Saito Toshiki , Sandstrom Karin M. , Smith Rowan J. , Sormani Mattia C. , Thilker David A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
JWST/Mid-Infrared Instrument imaging of the nearby galaxies IC 5332, NGC 628, NGC 1365, and NGC 7496 from PHANGS reveals a richness of gas structures that in each case form a quasi-regular network of interconnected filaments, shells, and voids. We examine whether this multiscale network of structure is consistent with the fragmentation of the gas disk through gravitational instability. We use FilFinder to detect the web of filamentary features in each galaxy and determine their characteristic radial and azimuthal spacings. These spacings are then compared to estimates of the most Toomre-unstable length (a few kiloparsecs), the turbulent Jeans length (a few hundred parsecs), and the disk scale height (tens of parsecs) reconstructed using PHANGS–Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the molecular gas as a dynamical tracer. Our analysis of the four galaxies targeted in this work indicates that Jeans-scale structure is pervasive. Future work will be essential for determining how the structure observed in gas disks impacts not only the rate and location of star formation but also how stellar feedback interacts positively or negatively with the surrounding multiphase gas reservoir.