bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Can Improve the Water Use and Phosphorus Acquisition Efficiencies of Aerobically Grown Rice
Authors: Watts‐Williams Stephanie J. , Gill Alison R. , Nguyen Thi Diem , Tavakkoli Ehsan , Jewell Nathaniel , Brien Chris 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMost rice production is conducted in flooded (anaerobic) soil conditions, but aerobic rice cultivation presents several potential benefits: increased grain water use efficiency (gWUE), reduced methane emissions, and minimised loss of phosphorus (P). Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are more effective at colonising and functioning in rice under aerobic soil conditions, and this rice‐AM fungi association could increase both gWUE and P acquisition efficiency (PAE). We used a precision irrigation platform to apply watering treatments (60% or 80% of soil field capacity) throughout the experiment. Four commercial Australian rice varieties were grown with or without inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis, and with addition of P fertiliser at 10 or 25 mg P kg–1 soil. Plants were grown to maturity (134–188 days after planting), after which grain yield, plant water use, gWUE, and PAE were determined. Overall, R. irregularis inoculation increased gWUE in all four rice varieties (by a mean of 14.4%), and increased grain yield and PAE in two varieties. Grain yields were primarily constrained by low water availability (mean 48.4% reduction), but P availability also limited yield in two varieties. Of the four, Topaz showed the greatest response to AM fungal inoculation, with increased qWUE and PAE. There is potential for AM fungal inoculation to increase the water use and P acquisition efficiencies of aerobically grown rice. However, the extent of these benefits depends on the specific rice variety, which highlights the importance of variety selection in transitioning to aerobic rice production in temperate regions and in enhancing the resilience of rice cultivation to climate change.
Preparation and Hydrophobicity of In Situ Biomineralized Biomimetic Hydrophobic Coating on Wood Surface
Authors: Cui Siyu , Li Jun , Zhang Kangkang , Yang Yushan , Qiu Jian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInspired from the biomineralization of nacre in seawater, a method was proposed to synthesize superhydrophobic CaCO3 coating on the surface of spruce wood. After prenucleation, a platelike CaCO3 coating with structures on the surface of spruce wood was obtained by immersing it in simulated seawater solution at 60°C for 1–24 h to obtain the bionic superhydrophilic CaCO3 coating. The resulting spruce wood surface was then modified with FAS‐17. The FAS‐17 modified CaCO3/spruce wood surface has superhydrophobicity, with a water contact angle of 154.9°, but also had good thermal stability. Therefore, the construction of superhydrophobic surfaces provides theoretical support for the high value‐added utilization of wood substrates.
Intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: salvage mechanism for oligohydramnios complicating fetal growth restriction
Authors: Gilboa Y. , Drukker L. , Bar J. , Berbing‐Goldstein D. , Geron Y. , Mozer Glassberg Y. , Hadar E. , Charach R. , Bardin R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivePortosystemic shunts in growth‐restricted fetuses are more common than previously thought. We aimed to describe fetuses with growth restriction and transient oligohydramnios in which a congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (CIPSS) was noted during follow‐up.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of all fetuses diagnosed with growth restriction and transient oligohydramnios during a 5‐year period in a large tertiary referral center. Our routine evaluation of growth‐restricted fetuses includes monitoring of estimated fetal weight, assessment of biophysical profile, Doppler imaging, thorough examination of the umbilical–portal system and evaluation of cardiac function using fetal tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (f‐TAPSE). We compared these parameters before and after the resolution of the oligohydramnios using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test for paired non‐parametric variables. During the surveillance of fetuses with transient oligohydramnios, we noted the appearance of a CIPSS and followed up such cases after birth.ResultsA total of 2144 women with a singleton pregnancy with suspected fetal growth restriction were referred to our center between January 2018 and December 2022. In 12 fetuses, oligohydramnios was evident upon initial assessment, and a CIPSS was diagnosed with normalization of amniotic fluid level. The median gestational age at diagnosis of growth restriction and oligohydramnios was 25 (range, 21–30) weeks. The estimated fetal weight was at the 1st percentile in 10/12 fetuses. The median amniotic fluid index was 5 (range, 2–5) cm at the initial appointment and improved significantly to 13 (range, 11–20) cm following the shunt diagnosis (P = 0.002). Among fetuses with f‐TAPSE data available, the f‐TAPSE increased significantly from 4.0 (range, 3.0–5.0) mm before the diagnosis of CIPSS to 8.0 (range, 5.0–9.4) mm following the diagnosis (P = 0.043). The median gestational age at delivery was 36.3 (range, 30.8–38.4) weeks. In nine (75%) fetuses, the diagnosed shunt was left portal to left hepatic vein. Neonatal follow‐up revealed spontaneous shunt resolution within 30 months in all newborns. One newborn required embolization owing to suspected shunt, however, no shunt was detected during the procedure.ConclusionsThe development of CIPSS in growth‐restricted fetuses with oligohydramnios appears to improve hemodynamic status as evidenced by normalization of amniotic fluid index and increase in f‐TAPSE. Evaluation of the liver portal system in fetuses with growth restriction offers an understanding of the shunt salvage phenomenon. © 2025 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Exact stream function solutions for two‐dimensional incompressible couple stress fluid flow
Authors: Sikander Fahad , Khan Muhammad Riaz , Alqahtani Aisha M. , Alsemiry Reima Daher , Al‐sinan Bushra R. , Alotaibi Fawziah M. , Alroobaea Roobaea 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this work, the separation of variables approach is employed to investigate and assess analytical stream function solutions for two‐dimensional incompressible couple stress fluid flow. The suggested method involves transforming the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) of fluid flow into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by assuming that the stream function solution may be written as an addition of two functions, each based on a single variable. Without imposing any particular boundary requirements on the intended model, this study allows for a wide investigation of flow behaviours. This work explores the effects of several parameters, such as density, pressure coefficient of viscosity and especially the couple stress parameter, on velocity profiles. The derived solutions, expressed as stream functions, are applicable to several two‐dimensional flow conditions involving couple stress fluids. By providing crucial insights into the behaviour of incompressible couple stress fluids, these results have practical consequences for biomedical modelling, industrial fluid processes and lubrication systems, among other uses.
Engaging Citizens in Dialogue on Technoscience
Authors: Macnaghten Phil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Against the background of skepticism in the legitimacy of citizen engagement processes on technological and industrial risk issues, this article engages with the methodological and conceptual challenges of engaging citizens from the bottom-up. A public engagement methodology is presented aimed at anticipating the kinds of issues and problem framings that science, technology and industry bring into being. Drawing on two parallel deliberative methods and informed by two empirical social science research projects, design criteria are explicated on context, framing, moderation, sampling, analysis and interpretation. A feature of the methodology lies in the assembly of emergent collectives and identities that are constituted to negotiate endogenously public meanings, concerns and priorities. The potential of such processes is to reconfigure dominant policy narratives and to move the conversation upstream before pathologies of closure and lock-in set in.
Broadening the Scope of Industrial Risk Assessment and Management
Authors: Rebotier Julien 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This short chapter describes risk governance in Esmeraldas, Ecuador. It highlights the social, political and economic complexity that underlies current governance practices, and why it is so difficult to break away from the established order. This case illustrates the importance of decompartmentalizing risk analysis and risk management. When it comes to risk, and in this case industrial risk, other factors always come into the equation. In Esmeraldas, everything outside the industrial facilities is somehow directly or indirectly involved in the risk situations that arise there. This case argues for greater openness and integration in industrial risk analysis and management, which are usually handled internally, within the very structure of the organizations in question. The hypothesis is that what is gained in terms of lasting and significant impact (by working on structural and fundamental mechanisms) can make up for what is lost in terms of simplicity (in taking an industry-focused approach).
Einleitung
Authors: Sehmer Julian 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Mittlerweile liegen vermehrt auch in der Sozialen Arbeit Befunde vor, die darauf hinweisen, dass primär nicht wissenschaftlich gewonnenes und über das Studium angeeignetes theoretisches wie methodisches Wissen für sozialpädagogisches Handeln als bedeutsam markiert wird. Wie für die Verwendungsforschung insgesamt zeigt sich so auch in sozialpädagogischen Feldern, dass es kaum möglich zu sein scheint – zumindest nicht realisiert wird – sozialpädagogisches Handeln in den Handlungsfeldern vorwiegend anhand dieses systematisch gewonnenen Wissens zu begründen und es so in praktisches Handeln zu transformieren. Gegenüber den empirischen wie theoretischen wissenschaftlich-disziplinären Wissensbeständen markieren Fachkräfte insbesondere biographisch gewonnenes und lebensweltlich grundiertes Wissen als bedeutsam für ihr Handeln.
Reflexion – Einordnung – Kritik
Authors: Sehmer Julian 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Im Anschluss an die empirischen Analysen (Kapitel 9) und daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sowie darüber erfolgten Konturierungen, der im Feld (re)produzierten normativen Ordnungen (Kapitel 10) lassen sich, wenn auch sicherlich unvollständig und selektiv, Schlaglichter für eine weitere theoretische Kontextualisierung werfen. Dazu soll zunächst noch einmal grundlegender und in Ergänzung der empirischen Befunde in Kapitel 10 auf die Bedeutung sozialer Normen für sozialpädagogische Praxis eingegangen und diskutiert werden, unter welchen Voraussetzungen die Kritik normativer Bezüge der Fachkräfte nicht nur sinnvoll, sondern für die Weiterentwicklung professioneller wie auch disziplinärer Überlegungen angeraten ist (Abschnitt 11.1). Aus dieser Diskussion sollen erste Ableitungen für das disziplinäre Verständnis sozialpädagogischer Praktiken und darüber vermittelt sozialpädagogischer Professionalität gezogen werden (Abschnitt 11.2), bevor anhand von vier Reflexionsangeboten eine weitergehende kritische und differenzierte Thematisierung der spezifischen Praxis der (Re)Produktion sozialer Normen unternommen und dabei erste Überlegungen für weitere Untersuchungen und Impulse für die Irritation problematischer normativer Adressierungen in Kapitel 12 skizziert werden.
Reflexive Limitierungsanalysen
Authors: Sehmer Julian 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Der Beginn der vorliegenden Arbeit ist von der Frage geprägt, wieso Thematisierungen der Kinderschutzpraxis von der beständigen Wiederholung bekannter Defizitdiagnosen geprägt sind, während bestimmte andere Aspekte, die insbesondere von Fachkräften als bedeutsam für die Praxis markiert werden (etwa die Bedeutung sozialer Normen), nicht systematisch Eingang in Professionsstudien und Beschreibungen der Praxis finden. Die Überlegungen sind von der These getragen, dass die Auslassungen in Engführungen respektive Limitierungen (bestehend aus Limitationen und insbesondere Präformationen) begründet sein könnten, die an strukturelle Logiken und Aufmerksamkeitsfoki sozialpädagogischer Kinderschutzforschung anschließen und daher auch forschungsmethodologisch nicht trivial sind.
Rekonstruktion
Authors: Sehmer Julian 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Das Kapitel „Rekonstruktion“ bildet den empirischen Kern der zweiten Teilstudie. Vorgestellt werden die forschungsmethodischen und -methodologischen Grundlagen der empirischen Studie (Ethnographie, Grounded Theory und Sequenzanalyse) sowie die zentralen Fallanalysen aus der untersuchten Kinderschutzpraxis. Die empirische Rekonstruktion verfolgt, wie die gesamte Arbeit, zwei Zielsetzungen. Sie dient zum einen der empirischen Aufklärung sozialpädagogischer Subjekt- und Adressierungspraktiken – also jener Praktiken, über die Subjektformierungen anhand sozialer Normen performativ (re)produziert werden. Hierzu werden Praktiken im Kinderschutz in Verantwortung des Allgemeinen Sozialen Dienstes rekonstruiert und anhand spezifischer Rahmungen innerhalb der Logik der untersuchten Praxis kontextualisiert. Rekonstruiert wird so anhand der untersuchten Kinderschutzpraxis, welche Bedeutung soziale Normen im Kinderschutz haben, wie konkrete soziale Normen und normative Ordnungen in Dokumenten, Organisationsabläufen, internen Besprechungen, Briefen und Hausbesuchen als gültig erklärt und wie darüber Fälle in spezifischer Weise konstruiert werden. Zum anderen wird dabei zugleich der erarbeitete theoretische Ansatz – die Heuristik aus dem vorangegangenen Kapitel – empirisch angereichert und so zu einem gegenstandsverankerten theoretischen Konzept von Subjekt- und Adressierungspraktiken in sozialpädagogischen Praxen weiterentwickelt.
Serotonin receptor 5-HT7 modulates inflammatory-associated functions of macrophages
Authors: Bahr Frauke S. , Müller Franziska E. , Kasten Martina , Benen Nils , Sieve Irina , Scherr Michaela , Falk Christine S. , Hilfiker-Kleiner Denise , Ricke-Hoch Melanie , Ponimaskin Evgeni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The hormone and neurotransmitter serotonin regulates numerous physiological functions within the central nervous system and in the periphery upon binding to specific receptors. In the periphery, the serotonin receptor 7 (5-HT7R) is expressed on different immune cells including monocytes and macrophages. To investigate the impact of 5-HT7R-mediated signaling on macrophage properties, we used human THP-1 cells and differentiated them into pro-inflammatory M1- and anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages. Pharmacological 5-HT7R activation with the specific agonist LP-211 especially modulates morphology of M1-like macrophages by increasing the number of rounded cells. Furthermore, 5-HT7R stimulation results in significantly reduced phagocytic and migratory ability of M1-like macrophages. Noteworthy, LP-211 treatment leads to changes in secretory properties of all macrophage types with the highest effects obtained for M0- and M2c-like macrophages. Finally, the importance of 5-HT7R for regulation of phagocytosis was confirmed in human primary CD14+ cells. These results indicate that 5-HT7R activation selectively impairs basic functions of macrophages and might thus be a new access point for the modulation of macrophage responses in the future treatment of inflammatory diseases.
The value of early root development traits in breeding programs for biomass yield in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
Authors: Malinowska M. , Kristensen P. S. , Nielsen B. , Fè D. , Ruud A. K. , Lenk I. , Greve M. , Asp T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Key message

Early root traits, particularly total root length, are heritable and show positive genetic correlations with biomass yield in perennial ryegrass; incorporating them into breeding programs can enhance genetic gain.

Abstract
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is an important forage grass widely used in pastures and lawns, valued for its high nutritive value and environmental benefits. Despite its importance, genetic improvements in biomass yield have been slow, mainly due to its outbreeding nature and the challenges of improving multiple traits simultaneously. This study aims to assess the potential advantages of including early root traits in the perennial ryegrass breeding process. Root traits, including total root length (TRL) and root angle (RA) were phenotyped in a greenhouse using rhizoboxes, and genetic correlations with field yield were estimated across three European locations over two years. Bivariate models estimated significant genetic correlations of 0.40 (SE = 0.14) between TRL and field yield, and a weak but positive correlation to RA of 0.15 (SE = 0.14). Heritability estimates were 0.36 for TRL, 0.39 for RA, and 0.31 for field yield across locations. Incorporating root trait data into selection criteria can improve the efficiency of breeding programs, potentially increasing genetic gain by approximately 10%. This results highlight the potential of early root traits to refine selection criteria in perennial ryegrass breeding programs, contributing to higher yield and efficiency.
MRI features that predict progression of residual disease after ablation of extra-abdominal desmoid fibromatosis
Authors: Düx Daniel M. , Chodakiewitz Yosef , Bitton Rachelle , Sewell Sharmila , Sheth Vipul R. , Ghanouni Pejman , Brunsing Ryan L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
To identify MRI features of desmoid tumors (DTs) that predict the growth of residual disease following ablation.

Methods
Patients who underwent MRI-guided ablation for DTs between February 2013 and April 2021 were included in this single-center IRB-approved retrospective study. MRI scans assessed three suspicious tissue features: intermediate T2 signal [+iT2], nodular appearance [+NOD], and contrast enhancement [+ENH]. Percent-monthly change in diameter (PMCD) of suspicious foci determined growth (PMCD > 1%), unchanged (PMCD between −1% and +1%), or regression (PMCD < −1%). Statistical tests compared mean PMCD between groups and evaluated sensitivity and specificity.

Results
Thirty-three patients (32 years ± 13.3; 22 females) with 34 DTs underwent 47 MRI-guided ablations, with a median follow-up of 269 days (IQR 147). Of 93 suspicious foci, 62 (67%) grew (PMCD: +5.6% IQR: 5.8), 13 (14%) remained unchanged (PMCD: −0.1% IQR: 0.6), and 18 (19%) regressed (PMCD: −3.9% IQR: 4.2). Features [+iT2], [+ENH], and [+NOD] were associated with PMCDs of +5.2% IQR: 6.0, +3.4% IQR: 6.0, and +3.4% IQR: 6.5, respectively, compared to −1.5% IQR: 4.7 (p < 0.0001), −0.5% IQR: 0.8 (p = 0.003), and +0.4% IQR: 7.5 (p = 0.0056) for their respective negative counterparts. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for distinguishing growth were [+iT2]: 0.95, 0.71, 0.87, [+ENH]: 1.00, 0.32, 0.77, and [+NOD]: 0.84, 0.42, 0.70. Combining [+iT2 + NOD + ENH] yielded PMCD +5.9% IQR: 6.2 and the best performance for distinguishing growth (sensitivity 0.81, specificity 0.94, accuracy 0.85).

Discussion
MRI features reliably predict the growth of residual or recurrent DTs post-ablation, with [+iT2] being the most accurate. Adding nodular enhancement to [+iT2] improved specificity without sacrificing accuracy.

Key Points

Question

Post-ablation imaging of desmoids is challenging due to tumor heterogeneity and treatment-related inflammation. This study evaluates MRI features for assessing future tumor growth.

Findings

Foci of intermediate T2 signal post-ablation predicted desmoid growth with high sensitivity (0.95), while T2 signal, nodularity, and enhancement combined offer high specificity (0.94).

Clinical relevance

Intermediate T2 signal predicts desmoid tumor growth post-ablation with high sensitivity and accuracy but moderate specificity. Combining nodularity and enhancement improves specificity and predictive value, helping clinicians in managing desmoid tumor patients post-ablation.
Walsh’s Conformal Map onto Lemniscatic Domains for Several Intervals
Authors: Schiefermayr Klaus , Sète Olivier 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider Walsh’s conformal map from the complement of a compact set

$$E = \cup _{j=1}^\ell E_j$$

E
=

∪

j
=
1

ℓ

E
j

with

$$\ell $$

ℓ

components onto a lemniscatic domain

$$\widehat{\mathbb {C}} \setminus L$$

C
^

\
L

, where L has the form

$$L = \{ w \in \mathbb {C}: \prod _{j=1}^\ell |w - a_j|^{m_j} \le {{\,\textrm{cap}\,}}(E) \}$$

L
=
{
w
∈
C
:

∏

j
=
1

ℓ

|
w
-

a
j

|

m
j

≤

cap

(
E
)

}

. We prove that the exponents

$$m_j$$

m
j

appearing in L satisfy

$$m_j = \mu _E(E_j)$$

m
j

=

μ
E

(

E
j

)

, where

$$\mu _E$$

μ
E

is the equilibrium measure of E. When E is the union of

$$\ell $$

ℓ

real intervals, we derive a fast algorithm for computing the centers

$$a_1, \ldots , a_\ell $$

a
1

,
…
,

a
ℓ

. For

$$\ell = 2$$

ℓ
=
2

, the formulas for

$$m_1, m_2$$

m
1

,

m
2

and

$$a_1, a_2$$

a
1

,

a
2

are explicit. Moreover, we obtain the conformal map numerically. Our approach relies on the real and complex Green’s functions of

$$\widehat{\mathbb {C}} \setminus E$$

C
^

\
E

and

$$\widehat{\mathbb {C}} \setminus L$$

C
^

\
L

.
Establishing epilepsy surgery in Georgia—a multinational project for exchange, education, and cooperation
Authors: Schneider Ulf C. , Gzirishvili Nino , Kasradze Sofia , Tsikarishvili Vladimer , Maghalashvili Edisher , Bäuerle Peter , Dugladze Tamar , Gloveli Tengis , Holtkamp Martin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, surgical resection of the seizure focus may represent the best treatment option. In Georgia, a structured epilepsy surgery program was lacking until 2017, when a German-Georgian project was initiated to establish necessary facilities, define diagnostic and treatment standards, and educate local healthcare providers. After a scientific symposium in Tbilisi in 2017, six surgical intervention visits have taken place. Georgian epileptologists and a neuropsychologist visited the Berlin-Brandenburg Epilepsy Center to observe presurgical evaluation procedures. Surgical indications are made by the Georgian team and discussed with German epileptologists either in Tbilisi or via online conferences. Scientific and educational efforts have been launched to address drug-resistant epilepsy topics more broadly. Since 2018, 13 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis have undergone resective epilepsy surgery. In September 2023, seven patients with 12+ months follow-up were examined. Five patients became completely seizure-free (ILAE 1), one had auras (ILAE 2), and one had disabling seizures (ILAE 4). Quality of life improved substantially, and antiseizure medication was reduced in many cases. Most patients reported better memory function and returned to work. All except one patient rated their surgery decision as “good”. Supporting complex medical procedures in regions in need can be rewarding but must meet specialized standards. The seizure outcomes in Georgia compare favorably with existing literature, showing that careful education and teamwork can achieve excellent results despite technical limitations. The teams have become close collaborators, and efforts continue to provide high-quality epilepsy surgery for the Georgian population.