bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Assessment of an Old Building Exposed to Loads Beyond the Scope of its Design
Authors: Ghugal U , Bele R , Siddh S P , Geete S S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In order to save money, time, and work for expanding the current residential space for residential or illegal commercial use, many people modify the existing structure. Most of these are residential bungalows/small houses that were inherited from preceding generations. For Example, many people inherit one or two storied building which was constructed about 30-40 years ago. They modify the building for more space with some rehabilitation and repair, instead of demolishing and designing a new structure. This might save money but cause a problem later because the existing structure has already reached half its service life and increasing the size of the structure will result in introduction of even more load on the existing structure. Nowadays many people also utilize the modified residential structure for small-scale commercial use (Example: Setting up an MSME, GYM). All these factors might be a threat to the overall structure and its surroundings because the preliminary structure which has already reached more than half of its service life might not always be able to sustain the excessive loads for which it wasn’t designed.
This paper refers & analyzes a live structure by increasing the number of floors (beyond the scope of design) to check for stability, safety, and usability of the resulting structure. While considering different cases in which the structure is either used for ‘purely residential’ or ‘combined residential and small-scale commercial purposes. Finally, it concludes the preliminary risk due to the structure to the surrounding structures and residents.
River snail shell as a highly effective renewable heterogeneous base catalyst for the production of biodiesel
Authors: Loryuenyong Vorrada , Kooljaruswech Supapisit , Maneenil Supapiwat , Duangjit Surajit , Buasri Achanai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The biodiesel manufacturing process favors heterogeneous catalysts over homogeneous catalysts. The main drawbacks of using homogeneous catalysts are their non-renewable nature, separation, and washing, which can be avoided by using heterogeneous catalysts. This research looks into the shell of a river snail (Viviparidae) that has been improved with modified activated carbon (MAC) as a heterogeneous solid base catalyst for palm oil transesterification. The waste shell was repeatedly washed to remove any organic impurities attached to it and then dried in an oven. It was calcined in an air atmosphere for 2 h at a high temperature of 900 °C. The calcined sample (calcium oxide: CaO) was powdered and mixed with MAC. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method were used to characterize the CaO/MAC (mass fraction 3:1) catalyst. In order to optimize the reaction conditions for biodiesel production, operating parameters such as methanol to oil mole ratio, catalyst amount, reaction time, and microwave electrical power were investigated. As a result, the best reaction parameters were discovered to be 12:1 methanol to oil mole ratio, 2.5 wt.% CaO/MAC based on oil weight, 4 min of reaction time, and 600 W microwave electrical power. After being reused five times, the biodiesel yield could still reach 90%, indicating that the novel catalyst had good stability and recyclability. The biodiesel fuel properties obtained in this study were compared to the international biodiesel standards ASTM D6751 and EN14214. River snail shell can be thought of as a nature-based benign and resourceful material for biodiesel production, opening up a new path for fuel sustainability.
Preparation of Copper Oxide Films by Electrochemical Deposition Technique for Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor pH Sensor
Authors: Thiwawong Thutiyaporn , Lertnawanin Kotchakorn , Tunhoo Benchapol 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this work, copper oxide (CuO) film was prepared by electrochemical deposition technique on commercial indium-tin oxide/glass substrate with two electrode configuration. The precursor solution was the 0.1 molar aqueous of copper sulfate. The films were prepared at different times of 30 to 120 second. Then, the deposited films were annealed at 450 °C to achieve CuO film. The influence of electro-deposition voltage and deposition times on structural property, morphological features had been studied. The CuO films were used to fabricate the pH sensor based on extended-gate field effect transistor (EGFET). The sensitivity and linearity of prepared device was performed in the standard buffer solutions with pH range of 2-12. It was found that the device demonstrated the sensitivity and linearity of 28.5 mV/pH and 90.1 %. It can be seen that the prepared CuO films can be used as pH sensing application with EGFET device.
Uniformity of AZO conductive film on microchannel plate by atomic layer deposition and effect of annealing on bulk resistance
Authors: Zhu Yufeng , Xu Zihao , He Huiyang , Wang Guozheng , Xia Jingxuan , Wang Ji , Yang Jikai , Li Ye 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
AZO(ZnO/Al2O3) conductive films were deposited in the microchannel of microchannel plate (MCP) by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The prepared films were characterized, including analysis of the thickness and composition uniformity of AZO films. The MCP bulk resistance was also measured, and the effect of annealing treatment on bulk resistance was investigated. The results suggest that the use of trimethylaluminum in the preparation of AZO composite film within the microchannel of MCP leads to corrosion of ZnO, resulting in non-uniformity in film thickness and incorrect composition of the film. The problem was resolved by increasing the pulse time of trimethylaluminum to 500 ms, resulting in the successful preparation of an AZO film with a uniform thickness and composition in the microchannel. After annealing, the bulk resistance of MCP increases while the variation of bulk resistance with voltage decreases. Specifically, the bulk resistance of the MCP having a ZnO/Al2O3 ratio of 7/2 only experiences changes of the same order of magnitude (∼108 Ω) after undergoing a 60-minute annealing process in N2 at 300 °C, thus satisfying the requirements of MCP.
Spontaneous movement of a retrotransposon generated genic dominant male sterility providing a useful tool for rice breeding
Authors: Xu Conghao , Xu Yifeng , Wang Zhengji , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wu Yuying , Lu Xinyan , Sun Hongwei , Wang Lei , Zhang Qinglu , Zhang Qinghua , Li Xianghua , Xiao Jinghua , Li Xu , Zhao Mingfu , Ouyang Yidan , Huang Xianbo , Zhang Qifa 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Male sterility in plants provides valuable breeding tools in germplasm innovation and hybrid crop production. However, genetic resources for dominant genic male sterility, which hold great promise to facilitate breeding processes, are extremely rare in natural germplasm. Here we characterized the Sanming Dominant Genic Male Sterility in rice and identified the gene SDGMS using a map-based cloning approach. We found that spontaneous movement of a 1978-bp long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon into the promoter region of the SDGMS gene activates its expression in anther tapetum, which causes abnormal programmed cell death of tapetal cells resulting in dominant male sterility. SDGMS encodes a ribosome inactivating protein showing N-glycosidase activity. The activation of SDGMS triggers transcription reprogramming of genes responsive to biotic stress leading to a hypersensitive response which causes sterility. The results demonstrate that an ectopic gene activation by transposon movement can give birth to a novel trait which enriches phenotypic diversity with practical utility.
Renal Safety of Long-term Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Treatment in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Woldemedihn Gezahegn M , Aberra Hanna , Desalegn Hailemichael , Berhe Nega , Belay Denekew Bitew , Rueegg Corina S , Johannessen Asgeir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Data on renal safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) treatment among individuals with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are inconsistent. The current study aimed to assess the effect of long-term TDF treatment on renal outcomes in adult patients with CHB.

Methods
From a CHB cohort in Ethiopia, we included 233 patients treated with TDF and 126 untreated controls. Levels of creatinine and creatinine clearance over time were described in patients with and without TDF treatment. Linear mixed effects models with a treatment × time interaction were used to investigate the effect of TDF on creatinine and creatinine clearance. In treated patients only, change in creatinine and creatinine clearance was estimated separately in the first year as compared with subsequent years via linear mixed effects models.

Results
Median follow-up in the treated group was 51 months (IQR, 27–72), and 75% of patients were male (median age, 33 years; IQR, 26–40). Median follow-up in the untreated group was 69 months (IQR, 66–72), and 48% of participants were male (median age, 33 years; IQR, 27–41). We found no change in creatinine over time in TDF-treated patients as compared with a slight increase in untreated patients (P interaction = .003). There was a decrease in creatinine clearance over time in both groups, which was stronger in patients without TDF treatment (P interaction = .007). In TDF-treated patients, changes in creatinine and creatinine clearance occurred mainly within the first 12 months after treatment initiation.

Conclusions
This study showed no evidence of long-term renal toxicity of TDF treatment in patients with CHB.
The STOP COVID 2 Study: Fluvoxamine vs Placebo for Outpatients With Symptomatic COVID-19, a Fully Remote Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Reiersen Angela M , Mattar Caline , Bender Ignacio Rachel A , Boulware David R , Lee Todd C , Hess Rachel , Lankowski Alexander J , McDonald Emily G , Miller J Philip , Powderly William G , Pullen Matthew F , Rado Jeffrey T , Rich Michael W , Schiffer Joshua T , Schweiger Julie , Spivak Adam M , Stevens Angela , Vigod Simone N , Agarwal Payal , Yang Lei , Yingling Michael , Gettinger Torie R , Zorumski Charles F , Lenze Eric J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Prior randomized clinical trials have reported benefit of fluvoxamine ≥200 mg/d vs placebo for patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, fully remote multisite clinical trial evaluated whether fluvoxamine prevents clinical deterioration in higher-risk outpatients with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Between December 2020 and May 2021, nonhospitalized US and Canadian participants with confirmed symptomatic infection received fluvoxamine (50 mg on day 1, 100 mg twice daily thereafter) or placebo for 15 days. The primary modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population included participants who started the intervention within 7 days of symptom onset with a baseline oxygen saturation ≥92%. The primary outcome was clinical deterioration within 15 days of randomization, defined as having both (1) shortness of breath (severity ≥4 on a 0–10 scale or requiring hospitalization) and (2) oxygen saturation &lt;92% on room air or need for supplemental oxygen.

Results
A total of 547 participants were randomized and met mITT criteria (n = 272 fluvoxamine, n = 275 placebo). The Data Safety Monitoring Board recommended stopping early for futility related to lower-than-predicted event rates and declining accrual concurrent with vaccine availability in the United States and Canada. Clinical deterioration occurred in 13 (4.8%) participants in the fluvoxamine group and 15 (5.5%) participants in the placebo group (absolute difference at day 15, 0.68%; 95% CI, −3.0% to 4.4%; log-rank P = .91).

Conclusions
This trial did not find fluvoxamine efficacious in preventing clinical deterioration in unvaccinated outpatients with symptomatic COVID-19. It was stopped early and underpowered due to low primary outcome rates.

Clinical Trials Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04668950.
Is a change in economic status associated with anxiety, depression and suicide ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korean adults?
Authors: Lee Eun-whan , Nam Jin Young 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected global economic changes and mental health outcomes. However, sex differences are unclear regarding the relationship between economic status change and mental health outcomes during the pandemic. Therefore, we investigated whether change in economic status is associated with depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation, based on sex.

Methods
We used data from the COVID-19 National Mental Health Survey 2021 in South Korea. We used the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) 7-item scale for measuring anxiety, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scale for measuring depression and self-reported questionnaires for investigating suicidal ideation and COVID-19-related suicidal ideation.

Results
Among 2000 participants, those with a worse economic status change had a 2.7-fold higher risk of GAD (prevalence ratio [PR], 2.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.07–3.51); 2.5-fold higher depression risk (PR, 2.55; 95%CI, 2.05–3.18); 2.1-fold higher risk of suicidal ideation (PR, 2.09; 95%CI, 1.72–2.53); and 4.0-fold higher risk of COVID-19-related suicidal ideation (PR, 4.03; 95%CI, 2.78–5.83). Women whose economic status worsened had a 3.5-fold higher risk of COVID-19-related suicidal ideation (PR, 3.49; 95%CI, 2.01–6.06).

Conclusion
Worse economic change is associated with negative mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic; particularly, women experiencing financial hardships during the pandemic had a higher risk of COVID-19-related suicidal ideation.
Changes in process and outcome for ST elevation myocardial infarction in central China from 2011 to 2018
Authors: Zhang You , Wang Shan , Qi Datun , Wang Xianpei , Li Muwei , Zhu Zhongyu , Cheng Qianqian , Hu Dayi , Gao Chuanyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
Limited data are available on the changes in the quality of care for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during China's health system reform from 2009 to 2020. We aimed to assess the changes in care processes and outcome for STEMI patients in Henan province of central China between 2011 and 2018.

Methods:
We compared the data from the Henan STEMI survey conducted in 2011–2012 (n = 1548, a cross-sectional study) and the Henan STEMI registry in 2016–2018 (n = 4748, a multicenter, prospective observational study). Changes in care processes and in-hospital mortality were determined. Process of care measures included reperfusion therapies, aspirin, P2Y12 antagonists, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, and statins. Therapy use was analyzed among patients who were considered ideal candidates for treatment.

Results:
STEMI patients in 2016–2018 were younger (median age: 63.1 vs. 63.8 years) with a lower proportion of women (24.4% [1156/4748] vs. 28.2 [437/1548]) than in 2011–2012. The composite use rate for guideline-recommended treatments increased significantly from 2011 to 2018 (60.9% [5424/8901] vs. 82.7% [22,439/27,129], P <0.001). The proportion of patients treated by reperfusion within 12 h increased from 44.1% (546/1237) to 78.4% (2698/3440) (P <0.001) with a prolonged median onset-to-first medical contact time (from 144 min to 210 min, P <0.001). The use of antiplatelet agents, statins, and β-blockers increased significantly. The risk of in-hospital mortality significantly decreased over time (6.1% [95/1548] vs. 4.2% [198/4748], OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50–0.88, P = 0.005) after adjustment.

Conclusions:
Gradual implementation of the guideline-recommended treatments in STEMI patients from 2011 to 2018 has been associated with decreased in-hospital mortality. However, gaps persist between clinical practice and guideline recommendation. Public awareness, reperfusion strategies, and construction of chest pain centers need to be further underscored in central China.
Amplitude Integrated Electroencephalography: Simulated Assessment of Neonatal Seizure Detection in PICU Patients
Authors: MacDarby Laura J. , Byrne Lauren K. , O’Brien Emily T. , Curley Gerard F. , Healy Martina , McHugh John C. 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Amplitude integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) is a mainstay of care in neonatal ICUs; however, knowledge gaps exist in relation to its accuracy for identifying seizures in older children. We aimed to review the diagnostic accuracy of existing neonatal seizure detection criteria for seizure detection in older children in hospital.

DESIGN:
Retrospective study.

SETTING:
PICU/Neurophysiology Department in Dublin.

PATIENTS:
One hundred twenty patients (2 mo to 16 yr old) were chosen from a database of formal 10–20 system, 21-lead electroencephalography recordings (2012–2020), comprising 30 studies with seizures, 90 without.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Electroencephalography studies containing electrographic seizures (ESzs) were annotated to describe number, duration, distribution, and spread. Two-channel aEEG (using leads C3–P3, C4–P4) recordings were generated and independently reviewed by a professional specialist in clinical neurophysiology blinded to outcome and without reference to the raw electroencephalography trace. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with correct seizure identification on aEEG. Median patient age was 6.1 years. Abnormal recordings featured 123 seizures. Status epilepticus (SE) was evident by electroencephalography in 10 cases. Using neonatal criteria, aEEG had a sensitivity of 70% and negative predictive value of 90% for identifying any ESz. Accurate detection of individual seizures was diminished when seizures were very short or occurred during waking. Sensitivity for individual seizures was 81% when seizures less than 1 minute were excluded. aEEG correctly identified SE in 70% of the 10 cases, although ESz were confirmed to be present in 80% of this subpopulation.

CONCLUSIONS:
aEEG criteria for neonatal seizure identification can be applied with caution to older children and should be supplemented by formal electroencephalography. Seizure identification is better for longer seizures and those arising from sleep. SE is not always recognized by aEEG among older children.
Reducing Postoperative Length of Stay for Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients using Quality Improvement Methodology
Authors: Seilhamer Crystal , Miller Kelly , Holstine Jessica 
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Approximately 1%–3% of the US population is diagnosed with scoliosis. In addition, 80% of those diagnosed have idiopathic scoliosis, with about 10% requiring surgical intervention. This Quality Improvement initiative aimed to reduce the length of stay (LOS) after posterior spinal fusion for these patients. According to the Pediatric Health Information System, our institution had a poorer performance, with an actual LOS greater than or equal to the expected LOS compared with peer institutions.

METHODS:
The aim was to increase the percentage of idiopathic scoliosis patients with a procedure to discharge LOS of less than or equal to 4 days after posterior spinal fusion from 39.13% to 90%. Interventions included implementing a new pain management protocol, a daily checklist, education on expectations of postoperative pain, and updated order sets.

RESULTS:
Interventions improved patients discharged in less than 4 days from 39.13% to 93.48% (P ≤ 0.001), reducing the average postprocedure LOS from 4.93 to 2.59 (P ≤ 0.001) days. A key process measure tracked was the percentage of patients off the patient-control analgesia pump by postoperative day 2, which increased from 13% to 97.75% (P ≤ 0.001). These improvements did not affect the balancing measure of readmissions or Emergency Department visits for pain.

CONCLUSIONS:
By implementing a more standardized pathway, including a patient-focused daily checklist for providers and families, we established expectations for LOS and pain. This checklist and updates to the pain management protocol successfully reduced the length of stay in idiopathic scoliosis patients after posterior spinal fusion.
Effectiveness of Human-Supported and Self-Help eHealth Lifestyle Interventions for Patients With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cohen Rodrigues Talia R. , Breeman Linda D. , Kinik Asena , Reijnders Thomas , Dusseldorp Elise , Janssen Veronica R. , Kraaijenhagen Roderik A. , Atsma Douwe E. , Evers Andrea W.M. ,   on behalf of the BENEFIT consortium
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
eHealth is a useful tool to deliver lifestyle interventions for patients with cardiometabolic diseases. However, there are inconsistent findings about whether these eHealth interventions should be supported by a human professional, or whether self-help interventions are equally effective.

Methods
Databases were searched between January 1995 and October 2021 for randomized controlled trials on cardiometabolic diseases (cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus) and eHealth lifestyle interventions. A multilevel meta-analysis was used to pool clinical and behavioral health outcomes. Moderator analyses assessed the effect of intervention type (self-help versus human-supported), dose of human support (minor versus major part of intervention), and delivery mode of human support (remote versus blended). One hundred seven articles fulfilled eligibility criteria and 102 unique (N = 20,781) studies were included.

Results
The analysis showed a positive effect of eHealth lifestyle interventions on clinical and behavioral health outcomes (p < .001). However, these effects were not moderated by intervention type (p = .169), dose (p = .698), or delivery mode of human support (p = .557).

Conclusions
This shows that self-help eHealth interventions are equally effective as human-supported ones in improving health outcomes among patients with cardiometabolic disease. Future studies could investigate whether higher-quality eHealth interventions compensate for a lack of human support.

Meta-analysis registration: PROSPERO CRD42021269263.
Percutaneous treatment of liver hydatid cysts: to PAIR or not to PAIR
Authors: Akhan Okan 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
The aim is to review recent literature for percutaneous treatment of liver hydatid cysts (cystic echinococcosis: CE) via different techniques such as PAIR (puncture, aspiration, injection, and reaspiration), standard catheterization, and modified catheterization technique (MoCaT).

Recent findings
PAIR is an established technique and considered to be safe and effective for CE1 and CE3a as it is associated with lower morbidity, mortality, recurrence, and shorter hospital stay as compared with surgery. Standard catheterization is also dedicated for the treatment of CE1 and CE3a. PAIR should be preferred for treatment of liver CE1 and CE3a cysts, since PAIR is associated with lower major complication rates and shorter hospital stay. However, standard catheterization technique is indicated when cysto-biliary fistula develops or any technical difficulty arises during the PAIR. In these cases it is needed to switch PAIR to standard catheterization to complete the procedure.

Summary
For CE1 and CE3a cysts, PAIR and standard catheterization are the choice for percutaneous treatments, while MoCaT is a treatment option for CE2 and CE3b cysts.