bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circumplanetary disk ices
Authors: Oberg N. , Cazaux S. , Kamp I. , Bründl T.-M. , Thi W. F. , Immerzeel C. 
Published: February 2023

Context. The subsurface oceans of icy satellites are among the most compelling among the potentially habitable environments in our Solar System. The question of whether a liquid subsurface layer can be maintained over geological timescales depends on its chemical composition. The composition of icy satellites is linked to that of the circumplanetary disk (CPD) in which they form. The CPD accretes material from the surrounding circumstellar disk in the vicinity of the planet, however, the degree of chemical inheritance is unclear.
Aims. We aim to investigate the composition of ices in chemically reset or inherited circumplanetary disks to inform interior modeling and the interpretation of in situ measurements of icy solar system satellites, with an emphasis on the Galilean moon system.
Methods. We used the radiation-thermochemical code ProDiMo to produce circumplanetary disk models and then extract the ice composition from time-dependent chemistry, incorporating gas-phase and grain-surface reactions.
Results. The initial sublimation of ices during accretion may result in a CO2 -rich ice composition due to efficient OH formation at high gas densities. In the case of a Jovian CPD, the sublimation of accreted ices results in a CO2 iceline between the present-day orbits of Ganymede and Callisto. Sublimated ammonia ice is destroyed by background radiation while drifting towards the CPD midplane. Liberated nitrogen becomes locked in N2 due to efficient self-shielding, leaving ices depleted of ammonia. A significant ammonia ice component remains only when ices are inherited from the circumstellar disk.
Conclusions. The observed composition of the Galilean moons is consistent with the sublimation of ices during accretion onto the CPD. In this scenario, the Galilean moon ices are nitrogen-poor and CO2 on Callisto is endogenous and primordial. The ice composition is significantly altered after an initial reset of accreted circumstellar ice. The chemical history of the Galilean moons stands in contrast to the Saturnian system, where the composition of the moons corresponds more closely with the directly inherited circumstellar disk material.
AF Lep b: The lowest-mass planet detected by coupling astrometric and direct imaging data
Authors: Mesa D. , Gratton R. , Kervella P. , Bonavita M. , Desidera S. , D’Orazi V. , Marino S. , Zurlo A. , Rigliaco E. 
Published: February 2023

Aims. Using the direct-imaging technique, we searched for low-mass companions around the star AF Lep, which presents a significant proper-motion anomaly (PMa) signal obtained from the comparison of HIPPARCOS and Gaia eDR3 catalogs.
Methods. We observed AF Lep in two epochs with VLT/SPHERE using its subsystems IFS and IRDIS in the near-infrared, covering wavelengths ranging from the Y to the K spectral bands (between 0.95 and 2.3 μm). We then reduced the data using the high-contrast imaging techniques angular differential imaging (ADI) and spectral differential imaging in order to be able to retrieve the signal from low-mass companions of the star.
Results. A faint companion was retrieved at a separation of ~0.335″ from the star and with a position angle of ~70.5° in the first epoch and with a similar position in the second epoch. This corresponds to a projected separation of ~9 au. The extracted photometry allowed us to estimate a mass for the companion of between 2 and 5 MJup. This mass is in good agreement with astrometric measurements of the dynamic mass of the companion, which give 5.2–5.5 MJup. This is the first companion with a mass well below the deuterium burning limit that was discovered by coupling direct imaging with PMa measurements. Orbital fitting done using the orvara tool allowed us to further confirm the companion mass and to define its main orbital parameters.
Gesunder Schlaf durch Hydrotherapie nach Kneipp
Authors: Gündling Peter W. 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungSchlafstörungen sind ein recht häufiges Problem in der täglichen Praxis, über das insbesondere ältere Menschen klagen. Nicht zuletzt aufgrund möglicher Nebenwirkungen und der Gefahr der Gewöhnung oder gar Abhängigkeit sollten vor der Verordnung von Schlafmitteln nichtmedikamentöse Verfahren zum Einsatz kommen. Einige bewährte Verfahren wie kalte Abwaschungen oder warme Fußbäder entstammen der Kneipp’schen Hydrotherapie, deren Durchführung und Wirkung, aber auch wissenschaftliche Evidenz Gegenstand dieses Beitrags sind.
Perspectives on socio-ecological studies in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres
Authors: Huertas Herrera Alejandro , Toro-Manríquez Mónica D. R. , Lorenzo Cristian , Lencinas María Vanessa , Martínez Pastur Guillermo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSocio-ecology studies the relationships between human activities and natural systems and their importance in management and public policy. Our objective was to analyse how published papers in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) perform socio-ecological studies and compare them between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. To do this, we used the Scopus platform as a source for searching and obtaining scientific papers about socio-ecological studies conducted in countries from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. We calculated the number (n) of papers published per year and classified them using the main subject areas of the SCImago Journal & Country Rank database. Then, we analysed whether papers included specific recommendations for natural system management, nature conservation, policies or governance structures, or science in general. Besides, we studied whether the papers addressed socio-ecological studies related to flora and fauna and from what specific group of organisms or systems. Data were compared using the chi-square (χ2) test (Pearson p < 0.005). A total of 467 papers were analysed, where 34% were from the Southern Hemisphere (mainly Argentina, Australia, Chile, and South Africa) and 66% from the Northern Hemisphere (mainly the USA, Canada, and Spain). The Northern Hemisphere (mainly North America and Europe) played a major role in the socio-ecological knowledge exchange than the Southern Hemisphere (South America and Africa). The results showed socio-ecological studies focused mainly on generating management recommendations in social and environmental science fields. The number of studies coming from the Northern Hemisphere was significantly higher than those from the Southern Hemisphere. Most of them were conducted at a local level (e.g., watersheds or human settlements) in three different systems (i) terrestrial (e.g., forests or grasslands), (ii) freshwater (e.g., rivers or streams) and (iii) marine (e.g., coastlines or seas). Most of the studies (70%) were conducted in production systems, where the majority included livestock (mainly bovine) and aquatic fisheries (e.g., salmon, artisanal coastal fishing, or trout). Most vegetation papers (65%) were on native forests. Papers on wildlife made up 30% of all animal-related studies, with mammals, birds, and marine invertebrates (such as collars) being the most extensively researched species. This work highlighted the socio-ecological approach that was used in the analysed countries with greater HDI to develop management options for natural systems.
Effects of media on preventive behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Suzuki Takahisa , Yamamoto Hitoshi , Ogawa Yuki , Umetani Ryohei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic required implementation of a variety of measures. In addition to pharmaceutical measures, such as vaccines, changing individuals’ nonpharmaceutical preventive behaviour is essential to prevent the spread of infection. In uncertain situations, such as a pandemic, media sources are important for guiding individuals’ decision-making behaviour. In this study, we examined the effects of media use on preventive behaviour during COVID-19. Earlier studies have shown that social networking service (SNS) browsing promotes preventive behaviour. However, those studies only assessed a single point during the early stages of the pandemic; therefore, the effects on ongoing preventive behaviour are unclear. Thus, a two-wave panel survey was conducted in 2020 and 2021 for an exploratory analysis of changes in the effects of media on individuals’ preventive behaviour over time. The results show that the effect of SNS browsing on preventing going out was confirmed only during the early stage of the pandemic and was not observed 1 year later. It is also shown that those who shifted from self-restraint to going out within 1 year were not affected by the type of media use, but by cognitive factors. As the situation changes during a pandemic, analyses that consider time-series changes are essential for gaining insights about the effects of media on the promotion and maintenance of continuous prevention behaviours.
Improving weed management by targeting the seed ecology of blackberry (
Authors: Delaisse Caroline , Yeoh Paul B. , Didham Raphael K. , Lewandrowski Wolfgang , Scott John K. , Webber Bruce L. 
Published: February 2023

Context Germination is a vulnerable life stage for plants, therefore understanding the dynamics of seed ecology is essential to guiding management recommendations for highly invasive weeds. Aim We addressed the knowledge gap for how seeds contribute to the invasion process for European blackberry (Rubus anglocandicans), a threatening weed across the riparian ecosystems of south-western Australia. Methods We performed mechanical, chemical and thermal treatments on seeds to test for changes in germination success and conducted seed-burial trials to monitor seed viability over time in the soil seedbank. Key results In germination trials, freshly picked and frugivore egested seeds failed to germinate with the endocarp intact. With the endocarp removed, germination remained lower at 4–6 months compared with 10–28 months after collection, indicating a significant after-ripening period. Seeds in intact endocarps survived water immersion for more than 2 months, indicating an ability to survive winter flooding. Acid immersion did not improve germination. The germination success of seeds with endocarp removed increased linearly above 11°C, was greatest at 30°C and thereafter declined rapidly (no survival at 40°C). In a 5-year seed-burial trial, germination varied from 7.6 to 48.4% and was significantly lower closer to a river, and in areas where ‘blackberry decline’ syndrome was present. Conclusions While germination of seed without its pyrene coat occurred over a range of controlled conditions, the natural processes needed to break the pyrene remain unknown. Implications High germination success and the long-term survival of seeds in soil clarifies that the management of blackberry remains a difficult challenge in Australia.
Análisis estadístico del contacto entre lenguas: El caso de las grafías 〈b〉 y 〈v〉 en la documentación en castellano de Mallorca (siglo XVIII)
Authors: Miguel Franco Ruth , Sánchez David 
Published: February 2023

ResumenLos documentos mallorquines en castellano del siglo XVIII muestran una distinción entre 〈b〉 y 〈v〉 más estable que otros textos producidos de la Península Ibérica. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar la distribución de estas grafías mediante una aproximación multidisciplinar que combina un análisis diacrónico y sincrónico con métodos estadísticos, y tratar de ponerlas en relación con rasgos de la variedad actual de catalán hablada en la isla. De esta forma, se ofrece una interpretación fonética que contribuye a la caracterización de la variedad histórica del español de Mallorca y que puede ayudar a profundizar en la comprensión de los fenómenos de variación y cambio lingüísticos en una situación de contacto.
The position of machine translation in translation studies
Authors: Asscher Omri 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Attempts to define the concept of translation have historically both reflected and driven developments and
demarcations in the field. In light of the ubiquitous rise of machine translation (MT), the current article considers how
definitional approaches to translation that preceded the MT era, and were formulated with human translation in mind, correspond
with today’s MT. The article engages with two influential definitional strands in the discipline: a-priori prescriptive
definitions, and descriptive definitions focused on the reception of translations. The general compatibility of both definitional
approaches with MT, notwithstanding some empirical and moral criticisms pertaining to the first approach, encourages us to
conceive of MT as a full-fledged translational object of inquiry, fully at home in translation studies. Finally, the article
suggests that shifts in the professional status of human translators may lead to new definitions, aimed at differentiating human
from machine translation by focusing on the notion of (conscious) agency.
The Role of Visitor Centers in Heritage Management: The Example of the Archaeological Site of Umm Qais, Jordan
Authors: Ababneh Abdelkader 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study explores the part that visitor centers at archaeological sites play in heritage and tourism management. A case study was conducted in Umm Qais-Jordan, to investigate how a visitor center performs its functions. According to the findings of the fieldwork, the visitor center at Umm Qais primarily operates in an administrative capacity and thus primarily performs clerical functions related to tourism rather than undertaking interpretation and heritage management.
Surface modifications of aluminium and aluminium oxide induced by a treatment with a He-plasma jet and plasma electrolytic oxidation
Authors: Bracht Vera , Gembus Jan-Luca , Bibinov Nikita , Awakowicz Peter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Erosion of an aluminium oxide surface as well as a formation of an aluminium oxide coating on an aluminium substrate, comparable with erosion and oxide formation induced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), can be caused at atmospheric pressure conditions by a DBD-like (dielectric barrier discharge) plasma jet. Obtained experimental results conform a previously assumed similarity of the erosion mechanisms induced by the atmospheric pressure DBD-like plasma jet and PEO microdischarges. The mechanism of a predominantly inward growth of the oxide layer during PEO processing is substantiated based on a comparison of aluminium oxide erosion and oxide layer deposition by a treatment with the considered He-plasma jet and a PEO process.
Dynamic morphology imaging of cardiomyocytes based on AFM
Authors: Cheng Can , Wang Xingyue , Dong Jianjun , Yang Fan , Ju Tuoyu , Wang Zuobin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A cardiomyocyte is the basic structural and functional unit of the heart, which is the actual executor of the systolic function. The study of the contraction and relaxation characteristics of cardiomyocyte is of great significance to the physiological behavior and pathology of the heart. How to dynamically express its contraction and relaxation behaviors in 3D has become a challenging issue. Although the video analysis method under the optical microscope can observe the changes in the horizontal direction, it is difficult to describe the changes in the vertical direction. The atomic force microscope (AFM) can accurately express the mechanical and morphological characteristics of the changes in the vertical direction, but it cannot be fully expressed in real time because it is acquired by scanning with a single probe. In order to express the contraction and relaxation characteristics of cardiomyocyte accurately and three dimensionally, a dynamic imaging method in this study is proposed using the periodicity of AFM acquisition and the periodicity of cardiomyocyte contraction. Compared with the optical experiment, it is proven that this method can dynamically represent the contraction and relaxation processes of cardiomyocyte and solve the problem of how to express it in 3D. It brings a new way for the study of physiological characteristics of cardiomyocytes and dynamic imaging by AFM.
Organic bromide solutions-processed all-inorganic perovskite for efficient and stable photovoltaics
Authors: Shi Kewang , Xue Tao , Zhang Jingxuan , Chen Chunyang , Guo Kunping , Wang Xiao , Zhang Fanghui , Huang Jin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
All-inorganic CsPbI3-x
Br
x
perovskites with appropriate band gap is an attractive semiconductor material for solar applications, whereas their phase stability plays a key role in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Their device performance was severely constrained by defects, here we found that the promising phenylpropylamine bromide (PPABr) as a simple additive can effectively influence the crystallization kinetics and produce a bifunctional treatment of perovskite, Br ion doping, and organic cation surface passivation. The PPABr treatment has essentially little influence on the light absorption capacity of CsPbI3-x
Br
x
, the band gap is somewhat widened, and the surface hydrophobicity and phase stability are enhanced. CsPbI3-x
Br
x
perovskites treated with PPABr have altered interfacial properties and obtained better interfacial contact, resulting in improved charge extraction and decreased charge recombination. Furthermore, 2.5 mol% PPABr treated CsPbI3-x
Br
x
-based PSCs exhibited repeatable photovoltaic performance with a maximum efficiency of 13.14%. Within 150 h under air circumstances, the PCE attenuation is controlled to within 5% during the test. Hence, passivating inorganic perovskite using organic bromides PPABr is a novel and promising strategy for developing stable, high-performance solar cells.
Design, testing and control of a smart haptic interface driven by 3D-printed soft pneumatic actuators for virtual reality-based hand rehabilitation
Authors: Dragone Donatella , Randazzini Luigi , Stano Gianni , Capace Alessia , Nesci Francesca , Cosentino Carlo , Amato Francesco , Colao Roberto , Percoco Gianluca , Merola Alessio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This work presents the main steps of design and testing of a novel haptic interface and adaptive admittance control scheme for optimal regulation of the human–machine interaction in hand rehabilitation mediated by a smart system in virtual–reality environment. The prototype development is the result of an integrated HW/SW design and, moreover, the advantages from additive manufacturing techniques and mechanical properties of soft materials are exploited for the realization steps. Indeed, to make the interface smart, a network of piezo-resistive force sensors is embedded into the user’s command interface and the acquired signals are used for the adaptive regulation of human–machine interaction. Another distinctive feature of the haptic interface, which enables to identify this latter as a smart system, is the interaction control based on the estimation of the user’s intention within a novel scheme of adaptive admittance control. The enhanced training process in rehabilitation assisted by the haptic interface and virtual environment has been experimentally validated during a series of goal-directed tasks. The improvement of the motor performance of the user under the assistance of the adaptive admittance control has been experimentally evaluated. Further results show that the rehabilitation system supports the quantitative assessment of the robustness of the motor learning performance of the hand under the generation of haptic disturbances.
Sizing optimization and experimental characterization of a variable stiffness shape memory polymer filled honeycomb composite
Authors: Squibb Carson , Philen Michael 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Variable stiffness structures and materials have been considered for many applications, including active vibration control and shape morphing. With regards to shape morphing, variable stiffness materials and composites have been considered for reconfigurable skin materials in aerospace vehicles. Of the many concepts that have been developed for such applications, shape memory polymers (SMPs) are one such promising materials for shape morphing. SMPs exhibit both high modulus ratios and recoverable strains but suffer from a low overall modulus and often require reinforcements, such as honeycomb. This work investigates the design space of such honeycomb reinforced SMPs as variable stiffness materials. Unit cell finite element models are developed for the material, and parametric studies are completed for varying honeycomb cell geometries. A multiobjective, constrained Pareto front optimization is completed for two honeycomb material models and in two loading directions using selected sizing design variables. Pareto fronts are established, and cell geometries are selected and fabricated to experimentally verify the optimized model predictions. The results both predict and demonstrate the advantages of using honeycomb reinforcements for SMPs. Effective in-plane moduli as high as 45 GPa are predicted while achieving a change in modulus of 450X. Compared to existing reinforcement strategies for shape memory polymers, these composites exhibit favorable combinations of both high stiffness and high changes in stiffness with a high degree of tailorability through the honeycomb cell geometry and predicted performances that meet and exceed the state of the art.
Excitation wavelength dependent color tunability, white light generation and enhanced optical emission in mixed phase ZnO–CAZO:xEu3+ over single phase ZnO:xEu3+ phosphors: a comparative study
Authors: Singh Priti , Mishra H , Rai Shyam Bahadur 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Mixed phase ZnO-CAZO:xEu3+ phosphors have been synthesized by solid state reaction method to get tunable light including white light under excitation with different wavelengths. The XRD, SEM, FTIR, UV–vis absorption, photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra of the samples and the lifetime of 5D0 level of Eu3+ ions have been studied. The ZnO phosphor has well known hexagonal structure, whereas Ca3Al4ZnO10 (CAZO) has orthorhombic structure. The UV–vis spectral studies show that the materials have wide band gap. The excitation spectra of ZnO-CAZO:xEu3+ phosphors with λ
em = 613 nm show broad bands at 270 and 370 nm alongwith discrete peaks due to Eu3+ ion. An excitation with 370 nm of ZnO-CAZO:xEu3+ phosphors results a broad continuum from 400–700 nm with maxima at 520 nm. The excitation with 270/394 nm on the other hand gives intense discrete peaks due to Eu3+ ion alongwith broad host emission. However, on excitation with 467 nm, it gives intense red emission with CIE coordinates (0.64, 0.36) and color purity 90%. The emission intensity is maximum for ZnO-CAZO:1.5Eu3+ phosphor. The excitation with 394 nm, results white light for ZnO-CAZO:0.5Eu3+ phosphor with CIE coordinates (0.34, 0.35), which is almost equal to the ideal white light coordinates (0.33, 0.33). The emission intensity in the mixed condition (ZnO-CAZO:1.5Eu3+) is 4.94 times greater than its single (ZnO:1.5Eu3+) phase under 370 nm excitation.