bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can multi-modal radiomics using pretreatment ultrasound and tomosynthesis predict response to neoadjuvant systemic treatment in breast cancer?
Authors: Cai Lie , Sidey-Gibbons Chris , Nees Juliane , Riedel Fabian , Schäfgen Benedikt , Togawa Riku , Killinger Kristina , Heil Joerg , Pfob André , Golatta Michael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Response assessment to neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NAST) to guide individualized treatment in breast cancer is a clinical research priority. We aimed to develop an intelligent algorithm using multi-modal pretreatment ultrasound and tomosynthesis radiomics features in addition to clinical variables to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) prior to the initiation of therapy.

Methods
We used retrospective data on patients who underwent ultrasound and tomosynthesis before starting NAST. We developed a support vector machine algorithm using pretreatment ultrasound and tomosynthesis radiomics features in addition to patient and tumor variables to predict pCR status (ypT0 and ypN0). Findings were compared to the histopathologic evaluation of the surgical specimen. The main outcome measures were area under the curve (AUC) and false-negative rate (FNR).

Results
We included 720 patients, 504 in the development set and 216 in the validation set. Median age was 51.6 years and 33.6% (242 of 720) achieved pCR. The addition of radiomics features significantly improved the performance of the algorithm (AUC 0.72 to 0.81; p = 0.007). The FNR of the multi-modal radiomics and clinical algorithm was 6.7% (10 of 150 with missed residual cancer). Surface/volume ratio at tomosynthesis and peritumoral entropy characteristics at ultrasound were the most relevant radiomics. Hormonal receptors and HER-2 status were the most important clinical predictors.

Conclusion
A multi-modal machine learning algorithm with pretreatment clinical, ultrasound, and tomosynthesis radiomics features may aid in predicting residual cancer after NAST. Pending prospective validation, this may facilitate individually tailored NAST regimens.

Clinical relevance statement
Multi-modal radiomics using pretreatment ultrasound and tomosynthesis showed significant improvement in assessing response to NAST compared to an algorithm using clinical variables only. Further prospective validation of our findings seems warranted to enable individualized predictions of NAST outcomes.

Key Points
• We proposed a multi-modal machine learning algorithm with pretreatment clinical, ultrasound, and tomosynthesis radiomics features to predict response to neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment.
• Compared with the clinical algorithm, the AUC of this integrative algorithm is significantly higher.
• Used prior to the initiative of therapy, our algorithm can identify patients who will experience pathologic complete response following neoadjuvant therapy with a high negative predictive value.
Characterizing cognitive function in patients with autoimmune encephalitis: an Australian prospective study
Authors: Griffith Sarah P. , Wesselingh Robb , Seery Nabil , Rushen Tiffany , Kyndt Chris , Long Brian , Seneviratne Udaya , Buzzard Katherine , Butzkueven Helmut , O’Brien Terence J. , Alpitsis Rubina , Malpas Charles B. , Monif Mastura ,   Australian Autoimmune Encephalitis Consortium
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study uses the Wechsler intelligence and memory scales to characterize the cognitive function of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in the chronic stage of the disease. AE is a group of neuroinflammatory disorders, and cognitive impairment is a significant source of chronic morbidity in these patients.

Methods
Fifty patients with an average disease duration of 3.2 years after diagnosis were prospectively recruited from four hospitals. They underwent a comprehensive cognitive examination using the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI-II), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-IV). Summary statistics were computed, and single-sample and independent-samples t tests were used to compare the cohort to normative data.

Results
The results revealed significantly reduced performances in perceptual reasoning, processing speed, and working memory among AE patients. Seropositive AE patients exhibited below-norm processing speed, while the seronegative group showed reduced working memory and processing speed. Delayed memory performance was significantly below expectations only in seronegative patients. Pattern analysis indicated that intact cognition was the most observed outcome after AE, but significant heterogeneity was observed among the impaired patients.

Conclusions
The study identified deficits in perceptual reasoning, processing speed, and working memory among chronic AE patients. Pattern analysis highlighted positive long-term cognitive outcomes for many but varied outcomes for those with ongoing difficulties. Although severely cognitively impaired patients were not included, the findings apply to AE cohorts who attend outpatient clinical neuropsychology consultations emphasizing the need for thorough cognitive assessment. The results suggest a need for further research targeting other cognitive domains, including executive functions.
Discrete Isothermic Nets Based on Checkerboard Patterns
Authors: Dellinger Felix 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the discrete differential geometry of the checkerboard pattern inscribed in a quadrilateral net by connecting edge midpoints. It turns out to be a versatile tool which allows us to consistently define principal nets, Koenigs nets and eventually isothermic nets as a combination of both. Principal nets are based on the notions of orthogonality and conjugacy and can be identified with sphere congruences that are entities of Möbius geometry. Discrete Koenigs nets are defined via the existence of the so-called conic of Koenigs. We find several interesting properties of Koenigs nets, including their being dualizable and having equal Laplace invariants. Isothermic nets can be defined as Koenigs nets that are also principal nets. We prove that the class of isothermic nets is invariant under both dualization and Möbius transformations. Among other things, this allows a natural construction of discrete minimal surfaces and their Goursat transformations.
Noninvasive approach to indicate risk factors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis overlapping autoimmune hepatitis based on peripheral lymphocyte pattern
Authors: Kado Akira , Tsutsumi Takeya , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Ikeuchi Kazuhiko , Okushin Kazuya , Moriya Kyoji , Koike Kazuhiko , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) clinically includes autoimmunity as indicated by antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity and overlap of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Discriminating AIH-overlap NASH from NAFLD/NASH is required for proper treatment, and typically involves pathological diagnosis by invasive liver biopsy. Differential patterns of peripheral lymphocytes in NAFLD and AIH were assessed to noninvasively indicate risk factors of AIH-overlap NASH by flow cytometry (FCM).

Methods
We assessed the differential frequencies of peripheral lymphocytes in 115 patients: 70 NASH (ANA negative:positive:AIH-overlap = 36:20:14), 18 NAFL, and 27 AIH (acute:chronic = 12:15) patients diagnosed by FCM. We focused on the following populations of lymphocytes: T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, NKT cells, helper T cell (Th) subsets (Th1, Th2, and Th17), and regulatory T cells; we also examined programmed cell death (PD) 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen levels.

Results
Several significant differences in laboratory parameters and peripheral lymphocyte frequencies were found among the NAFLD and AIH subgroups. In univariate and multivariate analyses, hyaluronic acid level, liver stiffness, and the frequencies of Th17 and CD8+ PD1+ T cells were independent risk factors of NASH in NAFLD. Regarding overlap of AIH, only the frequency of CD8+ PD1+ T cells (odds ratio, 0.01; 95% CI 0.00–38.9, p = 0.004) was an independent risk factor in NASH and significantly decreased in AIH.

Conclusions
The decreased frequency of peripheral CD8+ PD1+ T cells is an independent risk factor of NASH overlapping with AIH in the present cohort. Our findings will facilitate development of a new noninvasive FCM method for indicating risk factors of NASH, including autoimmunity.
Analysis of complications and revisions after spine surgery in 270 multiple myeloma patients with spinal involvement
Authors: Zijlstra H. , Pierik R. J. , Crawford A. M. , Tobert D. G. , Wolterbeek N. , Oosterhoff J. H. F. , Delawi D. , Terpstra W. E. , Kempen D. H. R. , Verlaan J. J. , Schwab J. H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background context
Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are at increased risk of infections and suffer from poor bone quality due to their disseminated malignant bone disease. Therefore, postoperative complications may occur following surgical treatment of MM lesions.

Purpose
In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of postoperative complications and retreatments after spinal surgery in MM patients. Additionally, we sought to identify risk factors associated with complications and retreatments.

Study design
Retrospective cohort study.

Patient sample.
In total, 270 patients with MM who received surgical treatment for spinal involvement between 2008 and 2021 were included.

Outcome measures.
The incidence of perioperative complications within 6 weeks and reoperations within 2.5 years and individual odds ratios for factors associated with these complications and reoperations.

Methods
Data were collected through manual chart review. Hosmer and Lemeshow’s purposeful regression method was used to identify risk factors for complications and reoperations.

Results
The median age of our cohort was 65 years (SD = 10.8), and 58% were male (n = 57). Intraoperative complications were present in 24 patients (8.9%). The overall 6-week complication rate after surgery was 35% (n = 95). The following variables were independently associated with 6-week complications: higher Genant grading of a present vertebral fracture (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.04–1.95; p = .031), receiving intramuscular or intravenous steroids within a week prior to surgery (OR 3.97; 95% CI 1.79–9.06; p = .001), decompression surgery without fusion (OR 6.53; 95% CI 1.30–36.86; p = .026), higher creatinine levels (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.19–5.60; p = .014), and lower calcium levels (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.37–0.88; p = .013). A secondary surgery was indicated for 53 patients (20%), of which 13 (4.8%) took place within two weeks after the initial surgery. We additionally discovered factors associated with retreatments, which are elucidated within the manuscript.

Conclusion
The goal of surgical treatment for MM bone disease is to enhance patient quality of life and reduce symptom burden. However, postoperative complication rates remain relatively high after spine surgery in patients with MM, likely attributable to both inherent characteristics of the disease and patient comorbidities. The risk for complications and secondary surgeries should be explored and a multidisciplinary approach is crucial.
Patient characteristics, surgical treatment, and outcomes in spinal gout: a systematic review of 315 cases
Authors: Harlianto Netanja I. , Harlianto Zaneta N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To systematically investigate all published literature on spinal gout regarding location demographics, patient characteristics, treatment, and outcomes.

Methods
We performed a systematic literature search of Medline and EMBASE from inception until April 15, 2023. Two investigators performed data extraction and quality assessment of location demographics and patient characteristics and outcomes of all article types describing spinal gout.

Results
A total of 214 articles (204 case reports and 10 case series) were included, encompassing 315 subjects with spinal gout (81% male, mean age 58.1 years; range: 16–92). Most cases (36%) were between the age of 60–69 years. We observed an increase in publications and cases from 1950 to the present. Most patients were from institutions in Asia (n = 119, 37.8%) and North America (n = 96, 30.5%). Reported symptoms frequently included back pain (75%), radiating pain to extremities (27.3%), and weakness in the extremities (26.3%). The lumbar spine was most often affected. Pharmacological treatment was described for 108 (34.2%) patients. Surgery was performed for 146 (46.3%) of patients, of which 4.8% had postoperative complications. Three patients (2%) required secondary surgery for recurrence.

Conclusion
Published cases of spinal gout have increased over the last decades. Patient characteristics of spinal gout were similar to findings in systemic gout. Trends identified in patient characteristics and treatment outcomes may help guide patient management and improve our understanding of spinal gout.
Next-generation sequencing reveals altered gene expression and enriched pathways in triple-negative breast cancer cells treated with oleuropein and oleocanthal
Authors: Karousi Paraskevi , Kontos Christos K. , Papakotsi Panagiota , Kostakis Ioannis K. , Skaltsounis Alexios-Leandros , Scorilas Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Oleuropein and oleocanthal are bioactive chemicals found in extra-virgin olive oil; they have been shown to have anti-cancer potential. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of these two natural compounds, on MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cell lines. The human TNBC MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines were treated with oleuropein or oleocanthal at ranging concentrations for 48 h. After determining the optimum concentration to reach IC50, using the sulforhodamine B assay, total RNA was extracted after 12, 24, and 48 h from treated and untreated cells. Poly(A)-RNA selection was conducted, followed by library construction and RNA sequencing. Differential gene expression (DEG) analysis was performed to identify DEGs between treated and untreated cells. Pathway analysis was carried out using the KEGG and GO databases. Oleuropein and oleocanthal considerably reduced the proliferation of TNBC cells, with oleocanthal having a slightly stronger effect than oleuropein. Furthermore, multi-time series RNA sequencing showed that the expression profile of TNBC cells was significantly altered after treatment with these compounds, with temporal dynamics and groups of genes consistently affected at all time points. Pathway analysis revealed several significant pathways associated with TNBC, including cell death, apoptotic process, programmed cell death, response to stress, mitotic cell cycle process, cell division, and cancer progression. Our findings suggest that oleuropein and oleocanthal have potential therapeutic benefits for TNBC and can be further investigated as alternative treatment options.
Non-adherence and epileptic emergency—reasons and solutions
Authors: Arnet Isabelle , Dietrich Fine , Rüegg Stephan , Allemann Samuel S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
One important cause of epileptic treatment failure and emergency department visits is due to non-adherence. Medication adherence is a complex behavior that describes the association between recommended and actual medicine use. Numerous modifiable and unmodifiable factors may affect medication adherence in patients with epilepsy. Other factors, such as pharmacogenetics, need to be considered and may provide opportunities in the future treatment of epilepsy.

Method
We present the case of a patient with newly diagnosed epilepsy and sub-therapeutic levels for antiseizure medication due to suspected non-adherence. We delineate the main challenges while elucidating the reasons for unmet seizure control, and suggest interventions for adherence management.

Results
In the case of unmet therapeutic goals, distinguishing non-response, pharmacoresistance, and non-adherence remains a challenge. We suggest first double-checking therapy-related factors (interaction, contra-indication) and adapting them. Then, behavior-related reasons should be elucidated depending on the treatment phase (initiation, implementation, persistence). Improving adherence through modifiable factors targets forgetfulness, medication management, beliefs/concerns, and costs. The intervention should be tailored to the modifiable factors. Pharmacogenetic tests can be used to predict how an individual may respond to a specific pharmacotherapy, but only in specific situations and in combination with other information.

Conclusion
Non-adherence should be considered as a common cause of epileptic treatment failure. We recommend elucidating the modifiable reasons systematically alongside therapeutic and behavioral factors.
Evaluation of model predictive control (MPC) of solar thermal heating system with thermal energy storage for buildings with highly variable occupancy levels
Authors: Wei Zhichen , Calautit John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe presence or absence of occupants in a building has a direct effect on its energy use, as it influences the operation of various building energy systems. Buildings with high occupancy variability, such as universities, where fluctuations occur throughout the day and across the year, can pose challenges in developing control strategies that aim to balance comfort and energy efficiency. This situation becomes even more complex when such buildings are integrated with renewable energy technologies, due to the inherently intermittent nature of these energy source. To promote widespread integration of renewable energy sources in such buildings, the adoption of advanced control strategies such as model predictive control (MPC) is imperative. However, the variable nature of occupancy patterns must be considered in its design. In response to this, the present study evaluates a price responsive MPC strategy for a solar thermal heating system integrated with thermal energy storage (TES) for buildings with high occupancy variability. The coupled system supplies the building heating through a low temperature underfloor heating system. A case study University building in Nottingham, UK was employed for evaluating the feasibility of the proposed heating system controlled by MPC strategy. The MPC controller aims to optimize the solar heating system’s operation by dynamically adjusting to forecasted weather, occupancy, and solar availability, balancing indoor comfort with energy efficiency. By effectively integrating with thermal energy storage, it maximizes solar energy utilization, reducing reliance on non-renewable sources and ultimately lowering energy costs. The developed model has undergone verification and validation process, utilizing both numerical simulations and experimental data. The result shows that the solar hot water system provided 63% heating energy in total for the case study classroom and saved more than half of the electricity cost compared with that of the original building heating system. The electricity cost saving has been confirmed resulting from the energy shifting from high price periods to medium to low price periods through both active and passive heating energy storages.
miR-17 ~ 92 suppresses proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells by inhibiting cell cycle regulator Cdt2
Authors: Singh Garima , Sharma Sonika Kumari , Dorata Aastha , Singh Samarendra Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCervical cancer (CC) is the 4th most leading cause of death among women worldwide, and if diagnosed in late stages the treatment options are almost negligible. 99% of CC is caused by high-risk human papilloma viruses (HR-HPV). Upon integration into human genome, the encoded viral proteins mis-regulate various onco-suppressors and checkpoint factors including cell cycle regulators. One such protein is cell cycle S phase licensing factor, CDC-10 dependent transcript-2 (Cdt2) which has been reported to be highly upregulated in various cancers including CC. Also, in CC cells, several tumor suppressor miRNAs are suppressed, including miR-17 ~ 92 cluster. In this study, we report that miR-17 ~ 92 directly recruits to 3’UTR of Cdt2 and downregulates this oncogene which suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of the CC cell lines without affecting non-cancerous cells. We further show that suppression of Cdt2 by miR-17 ~ 92, blocks the cancerous cells in S phase and induces apoptosis, eventually leading to their death. Hence, our work for the first time, mechanistically shows how miR-17 ~ 92 could work as tumor suppressor in cervical cancer cells, opening up the potential of miR-17 ~ 92 to be used in developing therapy for cervical cancer treatment.
The impacts of CO2 flooding on crude oil stability and recovery performance
Authors: Hartono Kartika F. , Permadi Asep K. , Siagian Ucok W. R. , Hakim Andri L. L. , Paryoto Sumadi , Resha Ahlul H. , Adinugraha Yudistira , Pratama Egi A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNumerous studies have investigated the fundamental mechanisms by which CO2 flooding can increase oil production by altering the properties of the hydrocarbon fluid, including oil swelling, viscosity and interfacial tension reductions, and the extraction of light-to-intermediate components. However, the interactions between CO2 and hydrocarbon fluid may also cause several problems, such as asphaltene precipitation due to crude oil's instability during the CO2 flooding process. This study investigates the complex factors that affect the instability of crude oil, including CO2 injection pressures, temperatures, and crude oil compositions. The light-dead oil samples taken from two Indonesian oil fields were used. The impacts of the instability of crude oil on CO2 displacement performance were also observed to evaluate oil recovery and minimum miscibility pressure (MMP). The observation was performed using a slim tube under varying CO2 high-pressure injections at 90 °C and 70 °C. The produced oils were analyzed based on their polarity component, saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes fractions, to observe the changes in oil composition and colloidal index instability. The results showed that increasing temperatures at given pressures resulted in higher oil recovery. Moreover, the asphaltene and resin fractions in the oil produced at a lower temperature significantly decrease compared to those at a higher temperature. It was also shown that asphaltene tends to precipitate more easily at a lower temperature. The other phenomenon revealed that the lighter oil resulted in a lower recovery than the heavier oil at a given pressure and temperature and correspondingly higher MMP. It was also suggested that CO2 flooding is more likely to cause asphaltene precipitation in light oils.