bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CMIP6 captures the satellite-era jet slowdown and Arctic amplification - yet projects future jet speedup and tropical amplification
Authors: Robinson Rachel M. , Scheff Jacob , Golden Nicholas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The polar-to-subtropical temperature gradient in the free troposphere is a key driver of the mid-latitude jet stream response to climate change. Climate models tend to steepen this gradient in response to large greenhouse gas increases, due to very strong subtropical upper-level warming. This strengthens the simulated jets. However, multiple lines of observational evidence point to a slowing northern jet over the satellite era, driven by enhanced Arctic free-tropospheric warming and weakening of the gradient. Here, we reconcile these seemingly contradictory results by showing that the CMIP6 ensemble successfully simulates both the observed satellite-era slowdown/weakening, and the speedup/strengthening with strong global warming. Specifically, the observed gradient weakening from 1980–1997 to 1997–2014 appears inconsistent (p < 0.05) with the simulated gradient changes for just 6 of 45 models using Microwave Satellite Unit observations, and for just 5 of 45 models using reanalysis estimates. The observed jet slowdown appears inconsistent with the simulated jet changes for just 1 of 45 models. Yet a strong majority of the models reverse course under a high-emissions future-type scenario, simulating gradient strengthening and jet speedup. Future work will seek to clarify the cause(s) of this unexpected difference between past and future atmospheric responses.
A new semiautomated three-dimensional sizing software product can reliably measure the length and diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Xiao Yao , Lei Ziqiao , Yang Ming , Qi Xiaoyu , Yang Chao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Inaccurate preoperative assessment of aortic–iliac dimensions before endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) may result in incorrect stent graft sizing and other problems. We aimed to determine whether the sizing method performed using Dongmai is as precise and reproducible as that performed by an experienced radiologist who provides manual measurements of the length and diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs).
Methods
In this retrospective study, the EVAR preoperative parameters were compared using intra-observer, interobserver, and Dongmai/radiological workstation comparison tests. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), mean differences, agreement limits, and absolute differences (≤ 2 mm and ≤ 5mm) were used to analyze the data.
Results
We enrolled 31 patients (24 men, 7 women; mean age: 69 ± 2.9 years) with AAA who were treated with EVAR. To determine intra-observer reliability, various parameters were repeatedly measured using Dongmai by a single user; all ICCs were > 0.9, indicating excellent reliability. The percentages of diameters and length that met the conditions were at least 91% and 77% with absolute differences of ≤ 2 mm, respectively, and 96% (both diameter and length) with absolute difference of ≤ 5 mm. Interobserver reliability assesses measurement agreement between two Dongmai users; the results were similar with those of intra-observer analysis. For the Dongmai/radiological workstation, ICC, mean differences, and agreement limits were similar between intra- and interobserver analyses. No statistically significant difference was observed among the results of the three analyses.
Conclusion
We determined the reliability of length and diameter measurements using Dongmai during preoperative assessments for EVAR.
Establishing a prediction model of severe acute mountain sickness using deep learning of support vector machine recursive feature elimination
Authors: Yang Min , Wu Yang , Yang Xing-biao , Tao Jie , Liu Tao , Li Wan , Yan Jiao , Zhang Ya , Zhuo Yue , Luo Yong , Guo Ming-yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background Severe acute mountain sickness (sAMS) can be life-threatening, but little is known about its genetic basis. Using microarray genotype data and phenotype data for deep learning, we aimed to explore the genetic susceptibility of sAMS for the purpose of prediction. Methods The study was based on microarray data from 112 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples of 21 subjects, who were exposed to very high altitude (5260 m), low barometric pressure (406 mmHg), and hypobaric hypoxia (VLH) at various timepoints. Subjects were investigated for the interplay effects between multiple phenotypic risk factors, and the underlying risk genes were identified to establish the prediction model of sAMS using the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) method. Results Exposure to VLH activated the gene expression in leukocytes, resulting in inverted CD4/CD8 ratio which interplayed with other phenotypic risk factors at the genetic level (P < 0.001). 2291 underlying risk genes were input to SVM-RFE system for deep learning, and a prediction model was established with satisfactory predictive accuracy (C-index = 1), and clinical applicability for sAMS using ten featured genes with significant predictive power (P < 0.05). Five featured genes (EPHB3,DIP2B,RHEBL1,GALNT13, andSLC8A2) were identified as the upstream of hypoxia and/ or inflammation-related pathways mediated by micorRNAs as potential biomarkers for sAMS. Conclusions The established prediction model of sAMS holds promise to be clinically applied as a genetic screening tool for sAMS. More studies are needed to establish the role of the featured genes as biomarker for sAMS.
Collision tumors of the sella: co-existence of pituitary adenoma with craniopharyngioma, and review of the literature
Authors: Meng Xiao , Xue Fenglin , Wang Yijie , Huang Xiangjin , Du Jiani , Fu Jingyun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The collision of pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma has rarely been reported. This study describes a 50-year-old woman who presenting with symptoms of extremely fatigue and blurred vision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large enhancing sellar mass with suprasellar extension that was 14×15×16 mm in size and compressing the optic chiasm. This patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery with gross total resection and the pathologic and immunohistochemical examinations showed pituitary adenoma with craniopharyngioma. During a follow-up period of two years, MRIs identified the recurrence of the lesion and the patient requires reoperation.
Development and validation of nomograms to predict overall survival and cancer specific survival of patients with primary fallopian tube carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ming , zeng Li , Meng Muzi , Lowe Scott , Liu Xiaozhu , Hu Pengcheng , Liu Mengnan , Zeng Yuxue , Liu Ling , Mao Xiguang , Yin Chengliang , Sun Chenyu , Sun Xingyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is a rare neoplasm. The purpose of this study is to identify which factors and markers contribute to affect the clinical prognosis of patients with PFTC, and to inform treatment and preventive strategies.
Methods
Patients were selected from those with confirmed PFTC registered in 2010 till 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Independent prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models. These factors were used to construct a nomogram model, a survival prognostication tool for3-and 5-year overall survival (OS) and tumor-specific survival (CSS) among patients with PFTC. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were used to assess differences in survival time between groups.
Results
A total of 1241 patients were randomly assigned to the training group (n = 869) and the test group (n = 372). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a similar 3-year/5-year OS and CSS in patients with PFTC (70.1%/55.4% and 71.7%/57.2%, respectively). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, age (22–56, 57–71 and 72–92), race (white, black and other), International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging (I, II, III, and IV) and laterality (lateral and bilateral) were independent prognostic factors for patients with PFTC. Finally, a nomogram consisting of age, race, FIGO stage, type of surgery and lymphadenectomy were constructed. The area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve values of 3-/5-year OS were 0.730/0.750 in the training group and 0.726/0.803 in the test group.
Conclusions
Nomograms constructed using various clinical indicators could help identify patients with high-risk PFTC. We have identified prognostic factors associated with OS and CSS. These factors can be examined and included further in large clinical trials involving this rare carcinoma.
Does Economic Complexity matter for the Mobilisation of Tax Revenues?
Authors: MONDJELI Mwa Ndjokou , NOMO-BEYALA Bernard Clery 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite their importance and policies to improve their collection, tax revenues in some economies, especially developing ones, are low compared to the financing needs for economic development and growth. Whereas the literature has identified a wide range of tax mobilisation drivers, this paper stands out from previous contributions by emphasising the role of economic complexity, especially as is a robust predictor of economic development, improves human capital and mitigates income inequality which are the key determinants of tax revenue. Using a sample of 124 developed and developing countries, this paper postulate that the differences in economic complexity explain the difference in tax collection and therefore investigates the effect of economic complexity on tax revenue. Our key finding is that the more complex an economy is, the more taxes it mobilises. This finding survives several robustness analyses that use an alternative measure of economic complexity, and endogeneity issues resulting from the reverse causality between economic complexity and tax revenue. Our result is supported by the view that economic complexity improves economic development and human capital and reduces income inequality which therefore ameliorates tax collection. However, when dealing with the type of taxes this finding holds only in developing countries since in developed ones’ economic complexity hampers the mobilisation of trade and indirect taxes. In sum, these results call for measures aimed at improving diversification through industrialisation and encouraging innovation.
JEL: O14, O33, H20, H21
The roles EpCAM plays to enhance the malignancy of gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Xuewei , Zhao Ruixia , Feng Yang , Qiu Zuchun , Liu Niu , Zhou Yujuan , Bai Xue , Zhang Danying , Chen Lirong , Jia Chenshuang , Yuan Yue , Li Xinyao , Duan Wei , Nie Guochao , Hou Yingchun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a global challenge due to its high morbidity and mortality rates especially in Asia as well as poor response to treatment. As a member of the adhesion protein family and transmembrane glycoprotein, EpCAM expressed excessively in cancer cells including GC cells. The database assay showed that EpCAM is excessively expressed and easily mutated in cancers, especially in early stage of GC.
Methods
To explore the roles EpCAM plays in oncogenesis and progression of GC, the expression of EpCAM was deleted in GC cells with CRISPR/Cas9 method, and then the changes of cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility and motility associated microstructures in EpCAM deleted GC cells (EpCAM-/-SGC7901) were detected to evaluate the rules EpCAM played.
Results
The results showed that EpCAM deletion caused cell proliferation, motility and the development of motility relevant microstructures inhibited significantly, apoptotic trend and contact inhibition enhanced in EpCAM deleted GC cells. The results of western blot suggested that EpCAM modulates the expression of epithelial/endothelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) correlated genes. All results as above indicated that EpCAM plays important roles to enhance the oncogenesis, malignancy and progression as a GC enhancer.
Conclusions
Combining our results and published data together, the interaction of EpCAM with other proteins was also discussed and concluded in the discussion. Our results support that EpCAM can be considered as a novel target for the diagnosis and therapy of GC in future.
A neural network-based Poisson solver for fluid simulation
Authors: Jiang Zichao , Wang Zhuolin , Yao Qinghe , Yang Gengchao , Zhang Yi , Jiang Junyang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The pressure Poisson equationis usually the most time-consuming problem in fluid simulation. To accelerate its solving process, we propose a deep neural network-based numerical method, termed Deep Residual Iteration Method (DRIM), in this paper. Firstly, the global equation is decomposed into multiple independent tridiagonal sub-equations, and DRIM is capable of solving all the sub-equations simultaneously. Moreover, we employed Residual Network and a correction iteration method to improve the precisionof the solution achieved by the neural network in DRIM. The numerical results, including the Poiseuille flow, the backwards-facing step flow, and driven cavity flow, have proven that the numerical precision of DRIM is comparable to that of classic solvers. In these numerical cases, the DRIM-based algorithm is about 2 to 10 times faster than the conventional method, which indicates that DRIM has promising applications in large-scale problems.
Predictive mapping of tree species assemblages in an African montane rainforest
Authors: Babaasa Dennis , Finn John T. , Schweik Charles M. , Fuller Todd K. , Sheil Douglas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Conservation planning of montane areas requires knowledge of vegetation composition and distribution patterns that is often lacking in rugged terrain. We mapped the “Afromontane” vegetation of Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda, represented as tree species assemblages. Given the wide variation in elevation, topography and human impacts across Bwindi, we hypothesized that these key factors, either acting in isolation or in combination, would influence the tree species distribution patterns. To test this, detailed tree surveys were carried out using stratified random sampling. These data were evaluated against bioclimatic variables and elevation as potential predictive attributes using multivariate statistical techniques. Cluster analysis identified six tree species assemblages that were confirmed by MRPP, Mantel’s test, and Indicator Species Analysis to possess distinct compositions. Ordination analysis showed that elevation was the main factor explaining variation in tree species between forest sites but other factors including longitude, human disturbance, ridge-top, temperature, and precipitation were also significant. Random Forests modeling predicted and spatially mapped the tree species assemblages with elevation showing the highest predictive power. These results confirm our hypothesis that the combined effects of elevation, topography, climate, and human disturbance showed consistent and non-random relationships to tree species composition and distribution but the individual contributions could not be analytically separated. Nevertheless, we show that it is possible to predict the spatial pattern of species-rich but disturbed tree communities based on a limited sample across a complex landscape. Such methods and results offer accurate mapping of composition that will be of great value to managers and conservationists.
Migrate3D: Software for simplified post-tracking analysis of 3D and 2D cell migration data
Authors: Kinahan Matthew W. , Thali Markus , Symeonides Menelaos 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Migrate3D is a cell migration analysis tool whose purpose is to computationally process positional cell tracking data generated via other image acquisition/analysis software, and generate biologically meaningful results. The functionalities of Migrate3D include step-based calculations of each cell track, single-cell-level summary statistics, mean squared displacement analysis, and machine learning-based evaluation of the entire dataset and subpopulations of cells found within it. The parameters calculated within Migrate3D have been previously developed and validated by other groups, and were selected to facilitate extraction of the maximum depth of information possible from input datasets. Variables are user-adjustable to enable customized analyses of diverse motility patterns and cell types, both in three- and two-dimensional timelapse data. Independent of any particular upstream image analysis or cell tracking software, Migrate3D only needs positional data over time to execute the suite of calculations. This presents a unique opportunity to standardize and streamline cell migration analysis.
Influence of structural solutions of an improved brake cylinder of a freight car of railway transport on its load in operation
Authors: Panchenko Sergii , Vatulia Glib , Lovska Alyona , Ravlyuk Vasyl , Elyazov Israil , Huseynov Ilham 
Published: January 2023

The object of research is the processes of occurrence, perception and redistribution of loads in the design of the car brake cylinder in operation.
To compensate for angular shifts of the brake cylinder rod at its maximum exit from the housing, improvement measures are proposed. This improvement consists in the use of a safety element to limit the angular movements of the rod when leaving the body.
The load of the brake cylinder rod during its angular displacements is determined. The condition for ensuring the strength of the rod is obtained.
The optimal parameters of the pipe of the safety element (limiter) of the brake cylinder rod were determined by its allowable moment of resistance. For the possibility of moving the levers interacting with the stem, special windows are provided in the limiter. It is proposed to fix the limiter to the cover by welding.
To determine the strength of the brake cylinder, a calculation was made using the finite element method. The results of a robust calculation showed that the maximum equivalent stresses occur in the brake cylinder cover and amount to 118.5 MPa. Therefore, the strength of the brake cylinder is ensured.
A feature of the obtained results is that the proposed improvement can be applied not only at the stage of designing a brake cylinder, but also at the stage of modernization.
The sphere of practical use of the obtained results is railway transport. The conditions for the practical use of the results are the absence of deformations of the brake cylinder rod.
The research carried out will help to improve the efficiency of rolling stock brakes, ensure traffic safety, increase rolling stock speeds, deliver goods, etc. Also, the conducted research will contribute to the creation of developments to improve the reliability of the rolling stock brakes
Hernia Surgical Treatment; Multi-options and Paucity of Statistical
Conformation for the Preferred Surgical Option
Authors: Abdullah Marzoog Basheer , Vladimirovich Kostin Sergey 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Hernia is a common pathology in the globe and reported more frequently, particularly, inguinal hernia.

Aims:
To identify the surgery of choice for the treatment of hernias by evaluating the required postoperative hospitalization time, as no other complications have been reported according to data from Mordovian Republic hospital.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective cohort study involved 790 patients for the period 2017-2022 treated surgically for various types of hernia; inguinal hernia,
umbilical hernia, spontaneously reduced strangulated post-operative ventral hernia, incarcerated post-operative ventral hernia, and hernia of the
Lina Alba. The T-test was used for statistical analysis, and a one-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation test were conducted using the Statistica
program.

Results:
The hospitalization period after Liechtenstein surgery is statistically less than Postemsky surgery (mean 6.88 days, 7.43 days, respectively, t value -2.29593, p<0.02) and laparoscopic surgery (mean 6.88 days, 8.19072 days, respectively, t value 4,206817, p<0,000031). At the same time, laparoscopic surgery has a shorter post-operative hospitalization than Postemsky surgery (t value -2.19326, p<0.02). According to the surgical approach, the patient’s post-operative hospitalization days differ (mean days: min. days; max. days, 7.50192: 0.00; 30.00). According to Postemsky (M ± m; 7.43262, ±0.167012), according to Martynov (M ± m; 8.37500, ±0.113440), according to Liechtenstein (M ± m; 6.88153, ±0.146845), according to Mayo (M ± m; 7.51282, ±0.280156), according to Bassini (M ± m; 8.77778, ± 2.379179), laparoscopically (M ± m; 8.19072, ± 0.268434), according to Sapezhko (M ± m; 8.25000, ± 1.380074), and another type of surgery (M ± m; 11.40000, ± 2.501999). Women (mean 8.525114 days) were hospitalized longer than men (mean 7.065371 days), t value 5.871044, p< 0.001. A statistically significant correlation has been found between age and postoperative hospitalization time (Pearson Rank Order Correlations r=0.215561, p <0.05).

Conclusion:
The study shows that the Lichtenstein surgery is the surgery of choice in terms of hospitalization time after the surgery. Straight association between sex and age with postoperative hospitalization days.
Synthesis of Oxygen and Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles using Zirconium
Dioxide/Mixed Oxide Nanoparticles as Reusable Green Catalysts: A Comprehensive
Update
Authors: Ledade Pankaj V. , Lambat Trimurti L. , Gunjate Jitendra K. , Mahmood Sami H. , Das Sajal , Abdala Ahmed A. , Chaudhary Ratiram G. , Banerjee Subhash 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
The remarkable improvements in organic synthesis facilitated by zirconium dioxide-
based nanoparticles are updated and summarized in this review. The ZrO2 acts as a versatile
heterogeneous nanocatalyst and is used in various elementary organic reactions and many
multicomponent reactions. The employment of these catalysts in organic synthesis leading to
bio-active scaffolds provides the opportunity to carry out the reactions using facile synthetic
protocol under mild environments that furnish the equivalent products in high yields and
shorter reaction times. According to reports in the literature, ZrO2-based catalysts were removed
from the reaction mixture and recycled many times.
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Human Cystic Echinococcosis
Authors: Hasanzadeh Azadeh , Beiromvand Molouk , Rafiei Abdollah , Kazemi Mohammad , Bahreini Amin , Khanahmad Hossein 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by
the Echinococcus granulosus senso lato (E. granulosus s.l.) larval stages. Parasitederived
products have been shown to regulate host matrix metalloproteinases
(MMPs), contributing to CE pathogenesis and progressive liver fibrosis in intermediate
hosts. The current study aimed to investigate the potential role of MMP1, 7, 8, and 13
in E. granulosus s.l-induced liver fibrosis.

Methods:
Thirty CE patients with active, transitional, or inactive hydatid cysts were
enrolled in this study to determine the inductive effects of E. granulosus on the expression
of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-13 in healthy liver tissue and fibrotic
liver tissue using qRT-PCR.

Results:
According to the WHO-IWGE classification, patients with functional cysts
(CE1 and CE2) had the highest percentage (46.6%). MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-8, and
MMP-13 expression levels were significantly higher in fibrotic liver than in normal liver
tissue. MMP-13 and MMP-1 had the highest and lowest expression levels among
MMPs. Compared to the normal group, the fold change for MMP-13 in the fibrotic
group was greater than 12 and had the highest AUC value (AUC= 0.8283).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that E. granulosus-derived products might be involved
in regulating host MMPs. Thus, MMPs may be considered potential biomarkers for
predicting CE prognosis. Because of the non-normal distribution of our patients’ CE
types, further research, particularly on circulation MMPs, is needed to confirm the potential
role of MMPs in CE pathogenesis and to follow up on CE patients.