bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Cognition: Distinct From Fluid and Crystallized Cognition?
Authors: Baum Carolyn M. , Lau Stephen C. L. , Heinemann Allen W. , Connor Lisa Tabor 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Importance: Functional cognition is emerging as a professional priority for occupational therapy practice. It is important to understand how it relates to other established cognitive constructs, so that occupational therapists can demonstrate their unique contributions.
Objective: To examine whether functional cognition is a construct that is distinct from crystallized and fluid cognitive abilities.
Design: Secondary analysis of data collected from a cross-sectional study.
Setting: Community.
Participants: Adults with spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, or stroke (N = 493).
Outcomes and Measures: The National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery and the Executive Function Performance Test.
Results: We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to investigate the factor structure of cognition. EFA identified three factors representing crystallized, fluid, and functional cognition. CFA revealed a second-order model in which the three cognitive constructs contribute hierarchically to a general cognitive factor.
Conclusions and Relevance: This study provides important and timely evidence for establishing functional cognition as a unique construct that is distinct from executive function as well as from fluid and crystallized cognition. Functional cognition is central to performance in daily activities, and its use will ensure that occupational therapy services support continued recovery and community reintegration.
What This Article Adds: This study supports occupational therapy professionals in establishing the profession’s role in evaluating and treating deficits of functional cognition to support patients’ return to desired occupations in the family, workplace, and community.
The impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in MTHFR and MTRR genes on disease activity and the presence of methotrexate treatment side effects in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Roszkiewicz Justyna , Michałek Dominika , Ryk Aleksandra , Szmyd Bartosz , Smolewska Elzbieta 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionTo determine the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MTHFR and MTRR genes on disease activity and the presence of MTX therapy adverse events in Polish children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Material and methodsSNP genotyping was performed using genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood samples.ResultsPatients with MTHFR rs1801133 CT/TT variant had higher values of inflammatory markers, number of joints with active arthritis, and JADAS-71 value at the baseline of MTX treatment. Children with MTRR rs1801394 AG/AA variant presented higher inflammatory marker values at JIA diagnosis.ConclusionsMTHFR rs1801133 and MTRR rs1801394 polymorphisms are associated with higher disease activity at the moment of JIA diagnosis.
The RYR3 gene is involved in Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cell treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in rats
Authors: Ali Hirowati , Tofrizal Tofrizal , Tjong Djong Hon , Yanis Amel , Yarni Sisca Dwi 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionOur study aims to observe the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in lowering amyloid accumulation and ryanodine receptor 3 (RYR3) gene expression, further improving cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Material and methodsTwenty male adult Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups of animals (n = 5). The AlCl3 group was given 300 mg/kg body weight (BW) of AlCl3 intraperitoneally for 5 days, further the MSC injection, and their effect after 30 days was observed.ResultsMSCs improved amyloid accumulation and Y-maze scores, and expression of the RYR3 gene decreased compared to the control group.ConclusionsMSCs improved amyloid accumulation, Y-maze scores, and RYR3 expression in the AD animal model.
PARTNER’S NOTIFICATION AND SAFE SEX IN MALE PATIENTS OF HEPATITIS B AND C
Authors: AROOJ FATIMA NAQVI  , AROOJ FATIMA  , SYED RAZI HAIDER ZAIDI  
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Hepatitis B & C are sexually transmitted diseases. With universality of marriages and owing to social norms it is a taboo to discuss sexually transmitted diseases thus men can transmit this infection to spouses. The transmission to the spouse can only be prevented if men notify their partner and practice safe sex. This study aimed at exploring partner notification and safe sexual practices in Hepatitis B & C patients attending hepatitis clinic of Lahore General Hospital.
Methodology: 100 sexually active males attending hepatitis clinic of Lahore General Hospital were interviewed for safe sexual practices and partner’s notification of disease status.
Results: Only 52% knew about disease transmission and only 12(12%) notified their partners about hepatitis and 53% used condoms out of which on 38% always used them while rest used them occasionally. Discussion and Conclusion: A vast majority of male did not inform their partner about hepatitis B and C disease they had and half of them were not using safe sex showing neglect of proper counseling thus requires designated health personal to bring about robust counseling for behavior change.
PAP SMEAR STUDY FOR CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN POSITIVE CASES
Authors: AMBREEN MUMTAZ  , NADIA SAIF  , NOSHEEN SALAHUDDIN  
Published: May 2023

Background Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide after breast cancer. It is one of the most preventable and curable of all cancer. The objective of this study was to screen the women for precancerous cervical changes and to evaluate their associated risk factors.
Material and Methods: This is prospective cross-sectional hospital based study conducted in 2 hospitals from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013. Married women aged 20-55 who presented to Gynae OPD after informed consent was included in the study. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, acute pelvic infection, heavy vaginal bleeding and history of hysterectomy.
Results: Out of 1,000 women in which pap smear were taken, 240 lost to follow up. Out of 760 patient pap smear were normal in 170 (22.3%) patients. In 547 (71.9%) patients pap smear showed inflammatory changes. Atrophic changes were seen in 13 patients. Patients with positive changes were 14 (1.84%). Out these 8 (1.05%) were showing ASCUS, 2 (0.26%) patients with CIN I, 2 (0.26%) patient with CIN II and 1 (0.13%) with CIN III and 1 patient with squamous cell carcinoma.
Conclusion: Pap smear has proven to save lives by early diagnosis. There is definite possibility of primary prevention approach by life style modification through health education about the cervical cancer and its associated risk factors highlighting the importance of increase in the age of marriage, screening program in hospital should be mandatory especially targeting specific age group for detecting precancerous condition before they progress to invasive cancer. The role of vaccine for HPV should be emphasized.
Vertical profiles of volatile organic compounds and fine particles in atmospheric air by using an aerial drone with miniaturized samplers and portable devices
Authors: Pusfitasari Eka Dian , Ruiz-Jimenez Jose , Tiusanen Aleksi , Suuronen Markus , Haataja Jesse , Wu Yusheng , Kangasluoma Juha , Luoma Krista , Petäjä Tuukka , Jussila Matti , Hartonen Kari , Riekkola Marja-Liisa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The increase in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions
released into the atmosphere is one of the main threats to human health and
climate. VOCs can adversely affect human life through their contribution to
air pollution directly and indirectly by reacting via several mechanisms in
the air to form secondary organic aerosols. In this study, an aerial drone
equipped with miniaturized air-sampling systems including up to four
solid-phase microextraction (SPME) Arrows and four in-tube extraction (ITEX)
samplers for the collection of VOCs, along with portable devices for the
real-time measurement of black carbon (BC) and total particle numbers at
high altitudes was exploited. In total, 135 air samples were collected under
optimal sampling conditions from 4 to 14 October 2021 at the boreal
forest SMEAR II station, Finland. A total of 48 different VOCs, including
nitrogen-containing compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, organic acids,
and hydrocarbons, were detected at different altitudes from 50 to 400 m
above ground level with concentrations of up to 6898 ng m−3 in the gas
phase and 8613 ng m−3 in the particle phase. Clear differences in VOC
distributions were seen in samples collected from different altitudes,
depending on the VOC sources. It was also possible to collect aerosol
particles by the filter accessory attached on the ITEX sampling system, and
five dicarboxylic acids were quantified with concentrations of 0.43 to
10.9 µg m−3. BC and total particle number measurements
provided similar diurnal patterns, indicating their correlation. For spatial
distribution, BC concentrations were increased at higher altitudes, being
2278 ng m−3 at 100 m and 3909 ng m−3 at 400 m. The measurements
aboard the drone provided insights into horizontal and vertical variability
in BC and aerosol number concentrations above the boreal forest.
Nueva república, viejos enemigos. El discurso anticomunista de Forza Italia en la Segunda República (1994-2004)
Authors: Del Palacio Martín Jorge 
Published: May 2023

Este artículo analiza el discurso anticomunista de Forza Italia en la década 1994-2004, etapa que comprende la fundación del partido y la celebración de sus dos primeros congresos nacionales. En este periodo Silvio Berlusconi hizo de la recuperación de la fractura comunismo-anticomunismo, que determinó la vida política de la Primera República italiana en el contexto de la Guerra fría, uno de sus principales instrumentos de confrontación ideológica con la izquierda desde las elecciones 1994. La presente investigación pretende mostrar que el discurso anticomunista de Forza Italia en la Segunda República no solo funcionó como recurso de deslegitimación ideológica de la izquierda postcomunista italiana, sino también como instrumento de legitimación histórica para un partido fundado ex novo.
Impact analysis of intra-firm factors on share prices of Chinese construction SMEs based on the XGBoost algorithm
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Xiong Yeqin 
Published: May 2023

At this stage, small and medium-sized construction enterprises (construction SMEs) are in a difficult position due to fierce competition and severe homogenization. However, current studies on China's construction industry are mainly from the macro perspective of regions and policies. There is a lack of studies that can guide business managers to improve enterprises' performance. This paper constructs a 5-dimensional and 18-indicator system of factors influencing the share price of construction SMEs from an intra-firm micro perspective. Based on this, several XGBoost models were trained, and the highest accuracy was selected as the criterion for feature importance ranking using and RMSE to output the importance ranking of internal factors influencing the share price of Chinese construction SMEs. The results show that the most critical intra-firm factors for the share price of Chinese construction SMEs are the growth capacity of capital, especially the growth ability of shareholders' equity, and the long-term and short-term solvency. This study provides an actionable starting point for Chinese construction SME managers. It uses the XGBoost algorithm, which has higher predictive accuracy than the linear regression commonly used in existing studies, to obtain more reliable factor importance rankings.
Preface: 2nd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modeling Simulation and Automatic Control (AMMSAC 2023)
Authors: Haggai Emmanuel , Han Yingke 
Published: May 2023

It is our honor to present the proceedings of the 2023 2nd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modeling Simulation and Automatic Control (AMMSAC 2023). This conference was successfully held in San Diego, USA during April 29-30, 2023.
AMMSAC 2023 aims to provide an ideal academic platform for researchers to present the latest research findings and describe emerging technologies, directions and developments in applied mathematics, modeling simulation, computer science, intelligent manufacturing, and automatic control. As these goals require the cooperation of people from different background, we hope that our research will help to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.
During the conference, we were pleased to be joined by four knowledgeable keynote speakers. More than 80 participants were benefited through each of the 30-35 minutes keynote speech. The parallel sessions were arranged and carefully monitored by the organizing team.
We truly believe that AMMSAC 2023 is a great platform for researchers, academician, industry players and student to brainstorm and exchange research idea, communicate their new research findings and eventually leading the world to meet the sustainable goals.
The AMMSAC Scientific Committee
San Diego, USA
Red Wine Quality Analysis based on Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Dong Jianhong 
Published: May 2023

The red wine industry is growing at a tremendous speed as more and more people start to drink wine. Therefore, the industry is becoming competitive and wine companies need to make better quality wines to stand out. This paper used machine learning techniques to analyze 1599 wine samples each with 11 input variables in order to find the variables that have the most impact on wine's general quality. The linear regression model used in the paper shows the most influential variables on quality are alcohol and acid. In addition, a heat map was adopted to show all the correlation between the variables. To go deeper, box plot and 3D scatter plot were used to support the finding through linear regression model and have a more detailed conclusion on the variables that have the most impact on quality. These results shed light on what are the most influential variables on wine’s quality.
Fundamental results in probability theory
Authors: Fang Zizhou , Tan Kaixi , Wang Ziyi 
Published: May 2023

Probability theory is an area of mathematics that deals with the concept of likelihood. Probability theory is the mathematical foundation of statistical reasoning, and understanding how unpredictability impacts data is crucial for data scientists. Gaussian (normal) distribution is the most widely used distribution. It has two parameters which are mean and variance and easy to interpret. Also, the central limit theorem tells us that sums of independent random variables make the least number of assumptions. In addition, Poisson, Laplace, Beta, Pareto, Dirichelt, Binomial and Gamma Distributions are useful in different areas. The multivariate Gaussian is the most widely used joint probability density function. Covariance and correlation are used to measure the degree between two random variable’s X and Y. Chebyshev Inequality defines a topological space, which includes a sequence of elements, and let the sequence be called . Strong Law of Large Numbers Theorem use in large number of random variable in pairwise independent identically distributed and Renewal Theory is and example in Strong Law of Large Numbers Theorem.
Preface: 3rd International Conference on Environment Science and Advanced Energy Technologies (ESAET 2023)
Authors: Kennan Eleanore , Ding Shikai 
Published: May 2023

2023 3rd International Conference on Environment Science and Advanced Energy Technologies (ESAET 2023) was held in Chongqing, China during April 08-09, 2023. ESAET 2023 is a comprehensive conference focused on various aspects of advances in environmental science and management, power engineering, ecological system, sustainable development, fuels and renewable energy, and advanced energy technologies.
The aim of ESAET 2023 is to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, academicians as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to present their research results and development activities. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration.
We sincerely hope that ESAET 2023 will be a forum for excellent discussions that will put forward new ideas and promote collaborative researches. We would like to acknowledge the distinguished keynote speakers and all of those who supported ESAET 2023. The proceedings are a compilation of the accepted papers and represent an interesting outcome of the conference.
With our warmest regards,
Conference Organizing Committee
Chongqing, China
Effect of salt-alkali stress on the growth and photosynthetic properties of two Prunus mume species
Authors: Ren Anqi , Cai Yanan , Li Qingwei 
Published: May 2023

[Objective] To investigate the salt resistance growth status and photosynthetic characteristics of Prunus mume and saline-alkaline resistance of different Prunus mume varieties against mixed salt stress, aiming to provide scientific basis for the application of Prunus mume in saline-alkali land. [Methods]. Taking the Prunus mume 'ZaohuaLve' and Prunus mume 'Meiren' under two years of cutting seedlings as examples, NaCl and NaHCO3 were prepared into treatment solution at a molar mass ratio of 1:1, with six gradients (i.e., 0 (CK), 100 (S1), 200 (S2), 300 (S3), 400 (S4) and 500 (S5) mmol L-1) to observe the growth status and photosynthetic reaction of test plants under different salt concentrations. [Results] With the increase of salt treatment concentration and stress time, the growth amount of leaf length, leaf width and ground diameter of the two kinds of Prunus mume decreased, and the Prunus mume 'ZaohuaLve' salt tolerance threshold (330.189 mmol L-1) is greater than Prunus mume 'Meiren' (292.453 mmol L-1). On the other hand, the chlorophyll content of the two Prunus mume increased first and then decreased, and the maximum, actual quantum yield of PS Ⅱ and photochemical quenching coefficient decreased as a whole. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate (Tr) of the two Prunus mumes decreased overall. For the Prunus mume 'ZaohuaLve', Ci values increased at 0 - 10d, and the changes were inconsistent in Pn, Gs and Ci at later stages of salt stress. The overall trends in the Pn, Ci, and Gs values of Prunus mume 'Meiren' were consistent for the 100 and 200mmol L-1 treatments. [Conclusion] The growth index and photosynthetic index of the two Prunus mumes in the early stage of salt stress are not obvious with salt tolerance. The Prunus mume 'Meiren' salt stress was dominated by stomatal restriction in the early stage, while non-stomatal restriction was the main factor affecting photosynthesis in the later stage. By contrast, the two factors may coexist simultaneously in the Prunus mume 'Meiren'. Overall, the Prunus mume 'ZaohuaLve' was stronger than Prunus mume 'Meiren' regarding the saline-alkaline resistance.
The Influence of Pain and Anxiety on the Pain Perception and Outcome of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy
Authors: TÜRKMEN Nihat , KUTSAL Cemil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of depression and anxiety presented before ESWL on pain perception during ESWL.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 kidney stone patients who underwent ESWL between October 2019 and November 2020 were enrolled in the study. Patients' age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and stone parameters were recorded. The patient's anxiety and depression states were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) before the first session. The pain level was assessed by using the visual analog scale (VAS) after the first session.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the anxiety, depression, and VAS scores (p>0.05). The association between anxiety and depression scores and the procedure's success was also evaluated, and no significant association was found (p>0.05). Furthermore, there was no association between VAS score and patient’s age, sex, BMI, the distance from skin to stone, and stone size (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Our results do not show a significant correlation between pre-ESWL depression or anxiety with the VAS score measured after the procedure.
Key Words: Anxiety, Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy, Pain Perception, Urinary Stone Disease
Comparison of Perioperative Outcomes and Complications of Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy and Open Radical Cystectomy in a Single Center. A matched pair analysis.
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Harun , KESKİN Emin Taha , ŞAM ÖZDEMİR Merve , SAVUN Metin , CANAT Halil Lütfi , ŞİMŞEK Abdülmüttalip 
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE
Regional pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) combined with radical cystectomy is the standard curative treatment for non-metastatic high-risk non-muscle-invasive or muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
The most common method of surgery is an open radical cystectomy (ORC). But there are serious risks involved with this surgical procedure. It has been demonstrated that using robotic surgery, one of the minimally invasive surgical procedures, can reduce surgical morbidity and speed up recovery. In this study, we used matched pair analysis to examine the postoperative problems and outcomes of patients who underwent RARC and ORC for bladder cancer in our clinic.

METHODS
After getting permission from the Institutional Review Board for Retrospective Studies, data from radical
cystectomy patients were collected in our clinic between January 2021 and February 2023. Twenty patients who underwent RARC and forty patients who underwent ORC were matched at a ratio of 1:2 for age (+/- 2 years), gender, clinical TNM stage, and urinary diversion (ileal conduit or orthotopic neobladder) during the same period. Comparisons were made between perioperative and postoperative outcomes and complications.
RESULTS
In terms of preoperative data, there was no difference between the two groups. In the RARC group, the
operative time was significantly longer (307.5 versus 391.7 minutes; P=.0001). RARC patients had significantly lower EBL (P=.001) and needed less intraoperative blood transfusions (P=.023). In ORC, ICU stays were significantly longer (P =.047). The rates of mild Clavien complications after 90 days were comparable in all groups. Open surgery had a significantly higher incidence of major (clavien 3-5) problems (P=.042). For RARC and ORC, the 90-day mortality rate was 7.5% and 0%, respectively. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of pathological outcomes.

CONCLUSION
Our initial experience with RARC has demonstrated that it is safe and practical, with comparable pathology outcomes, perioperative blood loss avoidance, and 90-day mortality improvements, even when compared to higher ORC experience.