bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Functionalized Materials Based on Layer‐by‐Layer Assembled Natural Cellulose Nanofiber for Electrodes: A Review
Authors: Du Keke , Zhang Dongyan , Zhang Shuangbao , Tam Kam Chiu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe depletion of fossil fuel resources and its impact on the environment provide a compelling motivation for the development of sustainable energy sources to meet the increasing demand for energy. Accordingly, research and development of energy storage devices have emerged as a critical area of focus. The electrode materials are critical in the electrochemical performance of energy storage devices, such as energy storage capacity and cycle life. Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) represents an important substrate with potentials in the applications of green electrode materials due to their environmental sustainability and excellent compatibility. By utilizing the layer‐by layer (LbL) process, well‐defined nanoscale multilayer structure is prepared on a variety of substrates. In recent years, increasing attention has focused on electrode materials produced from LbL process on CNFs to yield electrodes with exceptional properties, such as high specific surface area, outstanding electrical conductivity, superior electrochemical activity, and exceptional mechanical stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the development of functional CNF via the LbL approach as electrode materials.
Ca2Ln(BS3)(SiS4) (Ln = La, Ce, and Gd): Mixed Metal Thioborate‐Thiosilicates as Well‐Performed Infrared Nonlinear Optical Materials
Authors: Han Ya‐Xiang , Hu Chun‐Li , Mao Jiang‐Gao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe first examples of thioborate‐thiosilicates, namely Ca2Ln(BS3)(SiS4) (Ln = La, Ce, and Gd), are synthesized by rationally designed high‐temperature solid‐state reactions. They crystalize in the polar space group P63mc and feature a novel three‐dimensional crystal structure in which the discrete [BS3]3− and [SiS4]4− anionic groups are linked by Ca2+ and Ln3+ cations occupying the same atomic site. Remarkably, all three compounds show comprehensive properties required as promising infrared nonlinear optical materials, including phase‐matchable strong second harmonic generation (SHG) responses at 2.05 µm (1.1–1.2 times that of AgGaS2 ), high laser‐induced damage thresholds (7–10 times that of AgGaS2), wide light transmission range (0.45–11 µm), high thermal stabilities (>800 °C), and large calculated birefringence (0.126–0.149 @1064 nm), which justify the material design strategy of combining [BS3]3− and [SiS4]4− active units. Theoretical calculations suggest that their large SHG effects originate mainly from the synergy effects of the LnS6, BS3, and SiS4 groups. This work not only broadens the scope of research on metal chalcogenides but also provides a new synthetic route for mixed anionic thioborates.
Dynamic Variation of Rectification Observed in Supramolecular Mixed Mercaptoalkanoic Acid
Authors: Kong Gyu Don , Jang Jiung , Choi Suin , Lim Gayoung , Kim In Soo , Ohto Tatsuhiko , Maeda Seiya , Tada Hirokazu , Yoon Hyo Jae 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFunctionality in molecular electronics relies on inclusion of molecular orbital energy level within a transmission window. This can be achieved by designing the active molecule with accessible energy levels or by widening the window. While many studies have adopted the first approach, the latter is challenging because defects in the active molecular component cause low breakdown voltages. Here, it is shown that control over the packing structure of monolayer via supramolecular mixing transforms an inert molecule into a highly tunable rectifier. Binary mixed monolayer composed of alkanethiolates with and without carboxylic acid head group as a proof of concept is formed via a surface‐exchange reaction. The monolayer withstands high voltages up to |4.5 V| and shows a dynamic rectification–external bias relationship in magnitude and polarity. Sub‐highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels activated by the widened transmission window account for these observations. This work demonstrates that simple supramolecular mixing can imbue new electrical properties in electro‐inactive organic molecules.
Boosting Potassium Storage via Multifunctional Interface with High Lattice‐Matching
Authors: Miao Junping , Liang Shuaitong , Shi Haiting , Wang Shuo , He Jianxin , Xu Zhiwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAtomic‐scale interface engineering is a prominent strategy to address the large volume expansions and sluggish redox kinetics for reinforcing K‐storage. Here, to accelerate charge transport and lower the activation energy, dual carbon‐modified interfacial regions are synthesized with high lattice‐matching degree, which is formed from a CoSe2/FeSe2 heterostructure coated onto hollow carbon fibers. State‐of‐the‐art characterization techniques and theoretical analysis, including ex‐situ soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, synchrotron X‐ray tomography, ultrasonic transmission mapping, and density functional theory, are conducted to probe local atomic structure evolution, mechanical degradation mechanisms, and ion/electron migration pathways. The results suggest that the heterostructure composed of the same crystal system and space group can sharply regulate the redox kinetics of transition metal selenium and dual carbon‐modified approach can tailor physicochemical degradation. Overall, this work presents the design of a stable heterojunction synergistic superior hollow carbon substrate, inspiring a pathway of interface engineering strategy toward high‐performance electrode.
3D printing of customized functional devices for smart biomedical systems
Authors: Yang Hao , Fang Haiqiu , Wang Chongze , Wang Yanjiao , Qi Chao , Zhang Yunlong , Zhou Qiang , Huang Mengxin , Wang Min , Wu Mingbo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe escalating demands for smart biomedical systems ignite a significantly growing influence of three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology. Recognized as a revolutionary and potent fabrication tool, 3D printing possesses unparalleled capabilities for generating customized functional devices boasting intricate and meticulously controlled architectures while enabling the integration of multiple functional materials. These distinctive advantages arouse a growing inclination toward customization and miniaturization, thereby facilitating the development of cutting‐edge biomedical systems. In this comprehensive review, the prevalent 3D printing technologies employed in biomedical applications are presented. Moreover, focused attention is paid to the latest advancements in harnessing 3D printing to fabricate smart biomedical systems, with specific emphasis on exemplary ongoing research encompassing biomedical examination systems, biomedical treatment systems, as well as veterinary medicine. In addition to illuminating the promising potential inherent in 3D printing for this rapidly evolving field, the prevailing challenges impeding its further progression are also discussed. By shedding light on recent achievements and persisting obstacles, this review aims to inspire future breakthroughs in the realm of smart biomedical systems.
Exploring Highly Efficient Broadband Self‐Trapped‐Exciton Luminophors: from 0D to 3D Materials
Authors: Stroyuk Oleksandr , Raievska Oleksandra , Zahn Dietrich R. T. , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe review summarizes our recent reports on brightly‐emitting materials with varied dimensionality (3D, 2D, 0D) synthesized using “green” chemistry and exhibiting highly efficient photoluminescence (PL) originating from self‐trapped exciton (STE) states. The discussion starts with 0D emitters, in particular, ternary indium‐based colloidal quantum dots, continues with 2D materials, focusing on single‐layer polyheptazine carbon nitride, and further evolves to 3D luminophores, the latter exemplified by lead‐free double halide perovskites. The review shows the broadband STE PL to be an inherent feature of many materials produced in mild conditions by “green” chemistry, outlining PL features general for these STE emitters and differences in their photophysical properties. The review is concluded with an outlook on the challenges in the field of STE PL emission and the most promising venues for future research.
Are there any “science people” in undergraduate health science courses? Assessing science identity among pre‐nursing and pre‐allied health students in a community college setting
Authors: Perkins Heather , Royse Emily A. , Cooper Sara , Kurushima Jennifer D. , Schinske Jeffrey N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractScience identity, or one's sense of recognition and competence as a scientist, is an invaluable tool for predicting student persistence and success, but is understudied among undergraduates completing preparatory work for later studies in medicine, nursing, and allied health (“pre‐health career students”). In the United States, pre‐health career students make up approximately half of all biology students and, as professionals, play important roles in caring for an aging, increasingly diverse population, managing the ongoing effects of a pandemic, and navigating socio‐political shifts in public attitudes toward science and evidence‐based medicine. Pre‐health career students are also often members of groups marginalized and minoritized in STEM education, and generally complete their degrees in community college settings, which are chronically under‐resourced and understudied. Understanding these students' science identities is thus a matter of social justice and increasingly important to public health in the United States. We examined science identity and engagement among community college biology students using two scales established and validated for use with STEM students attending four‐year institutions. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used on two sub‐samples drawn from the pool of 846 participants to confirm that the factor structures functioned as planned among the new population. Science identity values were then compared between pre‐health career students (pre‐nursing and pre‐allied health) and other groups. Pre‐health career students generally reported interest and performance/competence on par with their traditional STEM, pre‐med, and pre‐dentistry peers, challenging popular assumptions about these students' interests and abilities. However, they also reported significantly lower recognition than traditional STEM and pre‐med/dentistry students. The implications for public health, researchers, and faculty are discussed.
Exploring new depths: Applying machine learning for the analysis of student argumentation in chemistry
Authors: Martin Paul P. , Kranz David , Wulff Peter , Graulich Nicole 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConstructing arguments is essential in science subjects like chemistry. For example, students in organic chemistry should learn to argue about the plausibility of competing chemical reactions by including various sources of evidence and justifying the derived information with reasoning. While doing so, students face significant challenges in coherently structuring their arguments and integrating chemical concepts. For this reason, a reliable assessment of students' argumentation is critical. However, as arguments are usually presented in open‐ended tasks, scoring assessments manually is resource‐consuming and conceptually difficult. To augment human diagnostic capabilities, artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning or natural language processing offer novel possibilities for an in‐depth analysis of students' argumentation. In this study, we extensively evaluated students' written arguments about the plausibility of competing chemical reactions based on a methodological approach called computational grounded theory. By using an unsupervised clustering technique, we sought to evaluate students' argumentation patterns in detail, providing new insights into the modes of reasoning and levels of granularity applied in students' written accounts. Based on this analysis, we developed a holistic 20‐category rubric by combining the data‐driven clusters with a theory‐driven framework to automate the analysis of the identified argumentation patterns. Pre‐trained large language models in conjunction with deep neural networks provided almost perfect machine‐human score agreement and well‐interpretable results, which underpins the potential of the applied state‐of‐the‐art deep learning techniques in analyzing students' argument complexity. The findings demonstrate an approach to combining human and computer‐based analysis in uncovering written argumentation.
Seeing the benefits, but not taking advantage of them: Dog and cat owners’ beliefs about veterinary telemedicine
Authors: Springer Svenja , Lund Thomas Bøker , Corr Sandra A. , Sandøe Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTelemedicine offers benefits to clients and their animals, but potential disadvantages are also being debated.MethodsUsing a questionnaire, we investigated dog and cat owners’ (N = 2117) use of and beliefs about telemedicine and whether beliefs impact past and expected future use.ResultsAlthough the majority of owners are aware that telemedicine can lead to the risk of something being missed, they see great potential in remote consultation in terms of usefulness for follow‐up appointments or improving access to a specialist. However, only 12% of dog owners and 6% of cat owners have used telemedicine, and around 25% of owners who have never used it would be willing to use it in the future. Owners with a larger number of recent veterinary visits were more likely to have used telemedicine.LimitationsAlthough a definition of ‘telemedicine’ was provided, respondents may have had different perceptions of what this meant.ConclusionOwners of dogs and cats recognise the potential benefits of telemedicine, but there is a mismatch with the actual uptake. This not only raises questions about the current availability of telemedicine but also should increase veterinary professionals’ understanding of its potential benefits in veterinary practice.
Machine learning and blockchain technologies for cybersecurity in connected vehicles
Authors: Ahmad Jameel , Zia Muhammad Umer , Naqvi Ijaz Haider , Chattha Jawwad Nasar , Butt Faran Awais , Huang Tao , Xiang Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFuture connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) must be secured against cyberattacks for their everyday functions on the road so that safety of passengers and vehicles can be ensured. This article presents a holistic review of cybersecurity attacks on sensors and threats regarding multi‐modal sensor fusion. A comprehensive review of cyberattacks on intra‐vehicle and inter‐vehicle communications is presented afterward. Besides the analysis of conventional cybersecurity threats and countermeasures for CAV systems, a detailed review of modern machine learning, federated learning, and blockchain approach is also conducted to safeguard CAVs. Machine learning and data mining‐aided intrusion detection systems and other countermeasures dealing with these challenges are elaborated at the end of the related section. In the last section, research challenges and future directions are identified.This article is categorized under:
Commercial, Legal, and Ethical Issues > Security and Privacy
Technologies > Machine Learning
Technologies > Internet of Things
Analysis of Virtual Reality Based on the Internet of Things on Human Psychology ‘Internet of Thoughts’ (IoThs) for Rich Content Extraction Applied Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning
Authors: Mah Pascal Muam , Skalna Iwona , Pełech-Pilichowski Tomasz , Derlecki Tomasz , Nasr Mahmoud , Munyeshuri Eric , Amuzang Gilly Njoh , Itoe Micheal Blake Somaah , Tah Ning Frida 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the past decade, a lot of challenges to access, assess, and to acquire the needed technological opportunities to teach computers what naturally comes from the human brain and to understand how we naturally react when we rely on technology. The ability to document human thoughts, reactions and behavior to computers has led to the coming of NLP, AI, Dl, & ML. Aim to understand the influence of IoT on humans with the use of DL to achieve content correctness and accuracy with virtual technology. Studies show that the way we think, react, and do the things we think “Internet of thoughts” reflect our personality. The way we think determines the way we react and the way we do things are based on how we think. Technology advancement has reinforced a lot of changes in humans which makes humans vulnerable to personal content exposure misappropriation due to the continuously changing nature of humanity and language. The study uses NLP, DL and behavior-oriented drive and influential function and results show that IoT based on VR influences human psychology “Internet of Thoughts”.
Kosmetische und funktionelle Ergebnisse nach Resektion kutaner Neurofibrome bei Neurofibromatose I
Authors: Walz Benjamin , Pfefferle Vanessa , Häfner Hans-Martin , Kofler Lukas 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundNeurofibromatose Typ 1, auch Morbus Recklinghausen genannt, ist ein neurokutanes Tumorsyndrom, welches genetisch bedingt ist und mit teils ausgeprägtem Befall des Integuments mit Neurofibromen (Nervenscheidentumoren) einhergeht. Kutane Neurofibrome können für Patienten sehr belastend sein und tragen v. a. an äußerlich sichtbaren oder funktionell relevanten Körperstellen zu einer Verminderung der Lebensqualität bei. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll zeigen, inwiefern durch eine Resektion kutaner Neurofibrome eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität bewirkt werden kann.MethodikWir führten eine retrospektive Datenerhebung per Fragebogen zur Lebensqualität vor und nach der Operation kutaner Neurofibrome in der Universitätshautklinik durch. Verwendet wurden ein adaptierter dermatologischer Lebensqualitätsindex sowie ein in unserer Hautklinik eingesetzter postoperativer Fragebogen zu Komplikationen und Patientenzufriedenheit. Zudem wurden Daten der Patienten aus Arztbriefen, Operationsberichten und Ambulanzdokumentationen entnommen. Befragt wurden 30 Patienten mit Neurofibromatose Typ 1, die innerhalb der Jahre 2016 bis 2020 in der Hautklinik Tübingen ambulant oder stationär operiert wurden. Die Befragungsergebnisse wurden statistisch ausgewertet und als absolute und relative Häufigkeiten dargestellt.ErgebnisseUnsere Studie zeigt eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität nach operativer Therapie kutaner Neurofibrome, hinsichtlich Einschränkungen im Alltag, Befangenheit, Einschränkungen der Kleiderwahl und der Freizeitgestaltung. Dabei kam es bei der Mehrheit der Patienten zu keinem neuen Auftreten von Neurofibromen im Operationsgebiet; Komplikationen wie Nachblutungen oder Wundinfekte fallen in unserer Studie moderat bis gering aus.DiskussionIn Relation zu hoher Zufriedenheit mit dem operativen und kosmetischen Ergebnis sowie positivem Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität spricht dies für ein günstiges Risiko-Nutzen-Verhältnis der Resektion kutaner Neurofibrome bei Neurofibromatose I.
HadISDH.extremes Part II: Exploring Humid Heat Extremes Using Wet Bulb Temperature Indices
Authors: Willett Kate M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHeat events may be humid or dry. While several indices incorporate humidity, such combined indices obscure identification and exploration of heat events by their different humidity characteristics. The new HadISDH.extremes global gridded monitoring product uniquely provides a range of wet and dry bulb temperature extremes indices. Analysis of this new data product demonstrates its value as a tool for quantifying exposure to humid verses dry heat events. It also enables exploration into “stealth heat events”, where humidity is high, perhaps enough to affect productivity and health, while temperature remains moderate. Such events may not typically be identified as “heat events” by temperature-focused heat indices. Over 1973–2022, the peak magnitude of humid extremes (maximum daily wet bulb temperature over a month; TwX) for the global annual mean increased significantly at 0.13 ± 0.04°C (10 yr)−1, which is slightly slower than the global annual mean Tw increase of 0.22± 0.04°C (10 yr)−1. The frequency of moderate humid extreme events per year (90th percentile daily maxima wet bulb temperature exceedance; TwX90p) also increased significantly at 4.61 ± 1.07 d yr−1 (10 yr)−1. These rates were slower than for temperature extremes, TX and TX90p, which respectively increased significantly at 0.27 ± 0.04°C (10 yr)−1 and 5.53 ± 0.72 d yr−1 (10 yr)−1. Similarly, for the UK/Europe focus region, JJA-mean TwX increased significantly, again at a slower rate than for TX and mean Tw. HadISDH.extremes shows some evidence of “stealth heat events” occurring where humidity is high but temperature remains more moderate.
Erleben von Zukunftsunsicherheit, Armutsrisiken und prekären Lebenslagen im Pflegeheim
Authors: Richter Stefanie 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Situation von Menschen im Pflegeheim, die besonders dem Risiko der „pflegebedingten Verarmung“ ausgesetzt sind, ist in der Forschung wenig präsent. Der Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Erleben von Unsicherheiten, Armut und prekären Lebenslagen älterer Menschen im Heim. Grundlage liefern Daten einer ethnographischen Studie zum Älterwerden und zum Leben mit chronischen Erkrankungen. Anhand von Fällen wird ein Spektrum prekärer Lebenslagen skizziert. Deutlich wird u. a.: Menschen mit diversen soziobiografischen Hintergründen können im Zuge von Hilfebedürftigkeit und Heimübergängen von Unsicherheiten, Armut und prekären Lebenslagen betroffen sein. Nicht zu wissen, ob das verfügbare Geld genügt, um Kostensteigerungen bis zum Lebensende zu decken, kennzeichnet eine häufig erlebte Zukunftsunsicherheit; drohende Armut bzw. die Abhängigkeit von Sozialhilfe können pflege- und institutionell bedingte Verlusterfahrungen von Autonomie, Teilhabe und Lebensgestaltung verschärfen und den Gesamtzustand weiter destabilisieren. Das Erleiden bleibt weitgehend unsichtbar; strukturelle Probleme werden individualisiert.
Identification of a novel five ferroptosis-related gene signature as a promising prognostic model for breast cancer
Authors: Cheng Tian- cheng , Wu Jia-hao , Zhu Bei , Gao Hai-yan , Zheng Lin , Chen Wei-xian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BCa) is a major challenge for women’s health worldwide. Ferroptosis is closely related to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes in BCa remains unclear, and more accurate prognostic models are urgently needed.

Methods
Gene expression profiles and clinical information of BCa patients were collected from public databases. LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analysis were utilized to construct the prognostic gene signature. Kaplan–Meier plotter, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and nomogram were used to validate the prognostic value of the gene signature. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to explore the molecular functions and signaling pathways.

Results
Differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes between BCa samples and normal tissues were obtained. A novel five-gene signature including BCL2, SLC40A1, TFF1, APOOL, and PRAME was established for prognosis prediction. Patients stratified into high-risk or low-risk group displayed significantly different survival. Kaplan–Meier and ROC curves showed a good performance for survival prediction in different cohorts. Biological function analysis revealed that the five-gene signature was associated with cancer progression, immune infiltration, immune response, and drug resistance. Nomogram including the five-gene signature was established.

Conclusion
A novel five ferroptosis-related gene signature and nomogram could be used for prognostic prediction in BCa.