bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of alloy modification on the wear protection coatings made of Ni- and Co-based materials and surface machinability via ultrasonic milling process
Authors: Willeke Maraike , Giese Marcel , Lorenz Swenja , Treutler Kai , Schröpfer Dirk , Wesling Volker , Kannengießer Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Wear-resistant coatings are required for highly efficient and economical steel components in equipment, process, and power plant engineering to withstand high corrosive, tribological, thermal, and mechanical stresses. Co-alloys are used as wear-resistant coatings for steel components, tailored to the specific application. The substitutability of Co alloys with Ni-based wear protection systems, in addition to price and supply uncertainties, is facilitated by the combination of innovative welding and machining processes such as ultrasonic-assisted milling. The aim of the study is to improve the machinability of two different hard-facing alloys while maintaining the same wear protection potential. Therefore, the wear-resistant alloys NiMoCrSi (Colmonoy C56) and CoMnCrSi (Tribaloy T400) were modified by the alloying additions Nb, Hf, and Ti and then applied to a carbon-manganese steel S355 using the plasma transfer arc (PTA) welding process. The influence of the alloying additions on the microstructure as well as on the formation of the hard phases of the build-up welds is compared. For example, the inclusion of the alloying element Nb results in the formation of a more refined hard phase and reduces the machining force required for C56 and T400. In most cases, the wear resistance potential has been maintained. In order to improve the machinability of the hard facings, the optimization of the demanding machining conditions by alloy modifications of the Co- and Ni-based alloys is also presented. It is shown that some of the modified alloys have significantly better machinability than the conventional alloy.
Isolation of New Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Vaginal Microbiome of Postmenopausal Women and their Probiotic Characteristics
Authors: Barman Indrajeet , Seo Hoonhee , Kim Sukyung , Rahim Md Abdur , Yoon Youjin , Hossain Mohammed Solayman , Shuvo Md Sarower Hossen , Song Ho-Yeon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), traditionally consumed as fermented foods, are now being applied to the medical field beyond health-functional food as probiotics. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously discover and evaluate new strains with suitable probiotic characteristics, mainly focusing on safety. In this study, we isolated eight new strains from postmenopausal vaginal fluid using culturomics approaches, an emerging area of interest. Data showed that most strains possessed significant cell surface hydrophobicity (≥ 76%), auto-aggregation capacity (17 to 61%), strong adhesion activity (8 to 34%), and excellent resistance to gastric acid, bile salt, and digestive enzyme, enhancing their survival in the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the strains exhibited functional characteristics, including substantial antibacterial activity with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 12.5 to 50%. They also harbored bacteriocins genes, produced short-chain fatty acids (acetate and propionate), exhibited significant phagocytic activity, possessed high antioxidative properties, rapidly depleted sodium nitrite, and exhibited proteolysis and β-glucosidase activity. In addition, heat-killed LAB strains significantly reduced the gene expressions of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-β, IL-6, and iNOS in macrophages. Safety assessment revealed no cytotoxicity in macrophage cell lines. All strains tested negative for biogenic amine or H2O2 production, displayed no gelatinase or hemolytic activity, lacked virulence genes or detrimental enzymes, and displayed antibiotic susceptibility. In summary, these newly isolated strains demonstrate excellent probiotic functionality with a strong focus on safety, making them promising candidates for future drug development in the relevant fields.
Investigations into the occurrence of microstructures by means of in-situ depth measurements during percussion drilling with ultrashort laser pulses
Authors: Feuer A. , Feuer R. , Boley S. , Förster D. J. , Neuenschwander B. , Hagenlocher C. , Michalowski A. , Graf T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A model-based data analysis of the depth measurements performed during percussion drilling in stainless steel reveals the occurrence of microstructures by observed deviations from model expectations. For the data analysis, an adaptive correction factor

$${c}_{\text{A}}$$

c
A

was introduced into an analytical drilling model to account for changes in the absorptance caused by the microstructures. The analysis of the temporal evolution of

$${c}_{\text{A}}$$

c
A

during drilling shows that the presence of microstructures coincides with an increased absorption, while the formation of a single borehole tip is associated with a reduced absorption.
Assessing body awareness and upper extremity functionality in breast cancer survivors with and without lymphedema: a comparative analysis with healthy controls
Authors: Pirinççi Cansu Şahbaz , Cihan Emine , Yaman Fatıma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To determine whether body awareness and upper extremity functionality are affected in patients with or without lymphedema development after breast cancer surgery (BCS) in comparison with individuals without a history of cancer.

Methods
The study included a total of 102 individuals, including 34 who developed lymphedema after BCS (mean age: 43.88 ± 12.13 years), 34 who did not develop lymphedema after BCS (age: 44.67 ± 11.20 years), and 34 without a history of any cancer surgery (age: 45.41 ± 12.13 years). The participants’ demographic data were recorded. Body awareness was evaluated using the Body Awareness Questionnaire, and upper extremity functionality was evaluated using the Quick-Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire.

Results
The demographic data of the groups were similar (p > 0.05). While there were differences between the BCS groups in terms of operative time (p < 0.001) and operated breast (p = 0.001), the number of lymph nodes dissected and the type of surgery performed were homogeneously distributed (p > 0.05). Body awareness and upper extremity functionality were significantly lower in the lymphedema group than in the BCS group without lymphedema and the control group (p = 0.021 and p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
The development of upper extremity lymphedema after BCS adversely affects both body awareness and upper extremity functionality.
Entropy-minimizing dynamical transport on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Bocchi Gabriele , Porretta Alessio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Given a smooth Riemannian manifold (M, g), compact and without boundary, we analyze the dynamical optimal mass transport problem where the cost is given by the sum of the kinetic energy and the relative entropy with respect to a reference volume measure

$$e^{-V}dx$$

e

-
V

d
x

. Under the only assumption that the prescribed marginals lie in

$$L^1(M)$$

L
1

(
M
)

, and a lower bound on the Ricci curvature, we characterize the minimal curves as unique weak solutions of the optimality system coupling the continuity equation with a backward Hamilton–Jacobi equation (with source given by the logarithm of the density). We give evidence that the entropic cost enhances diffusive effects in the evolution of the optimal densities, proving

$$L^1\rightarrow L^\infty $$

L
1

→

L
∞

regularization in time for any initial-terminal data, and smoothness of the solutions whenever the marginals are positive and smooth. We use displacement convexity arguments (in the Eulerian approach) and gradient bounds from quasilinear elliptic equations. We also prove the convergence of optimal curves towards the classical Wasserstein geodesics, as the entropic term is multiplied by a vanishing parameter, showing that this kind of functionals can be used to build a smoothing approximation of the standard optimal transport related to the Wasserstein distance.
Quantitative determination of leptin hormone using gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow assay
Authors: Zor Erhan , Alpaydin Sabri , Bingol Haluk 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A lateral flow assay (LFA) has been developed that can be used in point-of-care (PoC) use for the sensitive determination of leptin hormone. The limit of detection value was 0.158 ng/mL and the limit of quantification value was 0.479 ng/mL for leptin hormone. The stability studies showed that the assay response was equal to the initial value even after 6 months. LFA accuracy tests performed in commercial artificial serum samples were compared with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The obtained recovery values between 95 and 110% show that the developed LFA can be used for quantitative determination of leptin hormone. As the result of the study, a fast and disposable assay was developed for the determination of leptin hormone, which can be performed with a small amount of sample in less than 15 min without the need for long-term analysis stages, qualified personnel, expensive equipment and devices.

Graphical Abstract
Recent developments and future directions in point-of-care next-generation CRISPR-based rapid diagnosis
Authors: Hassan Youssef M. , Mohamed Ahmed S. , Hassan Yaser M. , El-Sayed Wael M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe demand for sensitive, rapid, and affordable diagnostic techniques has surged, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic, driving the development of CRISPR-based diagnostic tools that utilize Cas effector proteins (such as Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13) as viable alternatives to traditional nucleic acid-based detection methods. These CRISPR systems, often integrated with biosensing and amplification technologies, provide precise, rapid, and portable diagnostics, making on-site testing without the need for extensive infrastructure feasible, especially in underserved or rural areas. In contrast, traditional diagnostic methods, while still essential, are often limited by the need for costly equipment and skilled operators, restricting their accessibility. As a result, developing accessible, user-friendly solutions for at-home, field, and laboratory diagnostics has become a key focus in CRISPR diagnostic innovations. This review examines the current state of CRISPR-based diagnostics and their potential applications across a wide range of diseases, including cancers (e.g., colorectal and breast cancer), genetic disorders (e.g., sickle cell disease), and infectious diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, malaria, Zika virus, and human papillomavirus). Additionally, the integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the accuracy, scalability, and efficiency of CRISPR diagnostics is discussed, alongside the challenges of incorporating CRISPR technologies into point-of-care settings. The review also explores the potential for these cutting-edge tools to revolutionize disease diagnosis and personalized treatment in the future, while identifying the challenges and future directions necessary to address existing gaps in CRISPR-based diagnostic research.
“A Sane Island in an Ocean of Madness”: A Case of Alternative Organisational Ethics Through Post-Growth Values
Authors: Robra Ben , Pazaitis Alex , Levy Arnaud 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnprecedented runaway climate change and ecological degradation is argued to be caused by the dominant capitalist mode of production’s reliance on endless economic growth and capital accumulation. Businesses and organisations are expected to act in an ecologically and socially ethical way to help avert the crisis. Yet, there has arguably been little progress in this direction. The conventional ethical frameworks are generally subsumed under capitalism’s reliance on growth that effectively delegate business ethics to a peripheral and, often, contradictory pursuit, insufficient to influence ecologically and socially sustainable business conduct. We therefore explore an alternative approach by operationalising business ethics through organisational values from a post-growth perspective. By analysing the case of a social cooperative, we highlight how post-growth organisational values emerge through the organisation’s history, the members’ experience, and active contrasting to the dominant capitalist value systems. We contribute to business ethics scholarship by highlighting the potential of post-growth organisational ethics and values in creating contrasts to the dominant capitalist values. Our research further contributes to sustainability scholarship, particularly post-growth perspectives, by highlighting that organising through post-growth values in contrast to the dominant economic system is not only possible, but essential to achieve sustainability. Ultimately, our research illustrates the need for political engagement in upholding organisational ethics, in the face of the ecological crisis.
Low-temperature vacuum evaporation as a novel dehydration process for the long-term preservation of transplantable human corneal tissue
Authors: McIntosh Owen D. , Britchford Emily R. , Beeken Lydia J. , Hopkinson Andrew , Sidney Laura E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Globally there is a shortage of available donor corneas with only 1 cornea available for every 70 needed. A large limitation to corneal transplant surgery is access to quality donor tissue due to inadequate eye donation services and infrastructure in many countries, compounded by the fact that there are few available long-term storage solutions for effectively preserving spare donor corneas collected in countries with a surplus. In this study, we describe a novel technology termed low-temperature vacuum evaporation (LTVE) that can effectively dry-preserve surplus donor corneal tissue, allowing it to be stored for approximately 5 years, shipped at room temperature, and stored on hospital shelves before rehydration prior to ophthalmic surgery. The dry-preserved corneas demonstrate equivalent biological characteristics to non-dried donor tissue, with the exception that epithelial and endothelial cells are removed and keratocytes are rendered non-viable and encapsulated within the preserved extracellular matrix. Structure and composition of the dried and rehydrated corneas remained identical to that of non-dried control corneas. Matrix-bound cytokines and growth factors were not affected by the drying and rehydration of the corneas. The ability to preserve human donor corneas using LTVE will have considerable impact on global corneal supply; utilisation of preserved corneas in lamellar keratoplasties, corneal perforations, ulcers, and tectonic support, will allow non-preserved donor tissue to be reserved for where it is truly required.
Self-Enforcing Environmental Agreements with the Optimal Intensity of Cooperation
Authors: Eichner Thomas , Schopf Mark 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper analyzes international environmental agreements in three-stage games consisting of a membership subgame, the signatories’ decision on the intensity of cooperation, and an emissions subgame. Signatories may act as Stackelberg leaders or play Nash. In the Stackelberg game, the highest intensity of cooperation between signatories is optimal. In the Nash game, a moderate or the highest intensity of cooperation is optimal if emissions are strategic substitutes. In this case the equilibrium emissions and the stable coalition of the Nash game with optimal cooperation intensity are identical to the equilibrium emissions and the stable coalition of the Stackelberg game with the highest cooperation intensity. Finally, we apply our results to coalition formation games of the literature. In the applied Nash games, optimizing with respect to the cooperation intensity may enlarge the stable coalition up to the grand coalition which implements the first best.
The genetic structure of the ash obligate moth prays fraxinella suggests that it is not affected by current habitat fragmentation
Authors: Plenderleith Fiona A. , Lancaster Lesley T. , Stockan Jenni A. , Travis Justin M. J. , Mitchell Ruth J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tree diseases may cause the extirpation or functional extinction of a common tree species on large spatial scales. For example, ash dieback (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) is expected to cause widespread loss of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior). This type of widespread loss of a tree species may have consequences for the ability of some insects to move between woodlands, particularly obligate species (species reliant on one tree species for food). Our aim was to use ddRAD-seq genetic data to determine the population structure of Prays fraxinella (ash bud moth), an ash-obligate micro-moth, and to assess its ability to maintain connectivity across fragmented patches of native broadleaf woodlands. We found no evidence of genetic structuring at local (up to 44 km) spatial scales, and no evidence of inbreeding. At regional scales (up to 426 km), we found evidence of mixed ancestry and long-distance dispersal. Our research highlights that given its ability to maintain gene flow in areas where woodlands have historically been very fragmented, P. fraxinella may continue to maintain connectivity under moderate future tree losses under ongoing ash dieback outbreaks. Implications for insect conservation: Our research highlights the potential indirect impacts of ash-dieback through losses in connectivity. This approach should be extended to other ash-obligate species, under various levels of existing fragmentation, to inform conservation strategies more fully for managing ash dieback.
Exploring the morphological and optical properties of N-doped ZnO heterojunctions
Authors: Solaymani Shahram , Sabbaghzadeh Jamshid , Kulesza Slawomir , Bramowicz Miroslaw , Ghaderi Atefeh , Tajbakhsh Niloofar , Dejam Laya , Mohammadpour Mojtaba , Țălu Ștefan , Rychlik Kazimierz , Shayegan Amirhossein Salehi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNitrogen-doped zinc oxide (N:ZnO) thin films were deposited on glass substrates via radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering and subsequently annealed at 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C to assess their viability and stability as transparent conductive oxide (TCO) materials. Structural and compositional analyses were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD analysis revealed preferential crystallite orientations along the (100), (002), (101), and (110) planes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements indicated particle sizes two to four times larger than those derived from XRD, suggesting a sub-granular internal structure, as XRD probes coherently diffracting domains. XPS analysis of the N 1 s spectra identified two distinct peaks at approximately 397 eV and 407.5 eV, indicating nitrogen incorporation into the ZnO matrix. Photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed that nitrogen doping induced the formation of interstitials and defects associated with oxygen and zinc vacancies. Optical measurements showed that the (N:ZnO) thin films exhibited an average optical band gap of approximately 3.1 eV, with 80% transmittance in the visible spectrum. A linear relationship was observed between the band gap energy and the tail width. Except for the film annealed at 600 °C, all annealed films showed a reduction in peak photoluminescence intensity with increasing annealing temperature. Finally, no significant changes in the electrical performance of the p-N/n-Si diode were observed as a result of annealing-induced surface modifications. The results provide valuable insights into the optimization of (N:ZnO) thin films for use in international optoelectronic and photovoltaic research, where advancements in TCOs are critical for the development of high-performance, sustainable technologies.
Photoluminescence and scintillation properties of Eu3+-doped BaCl2–BaO–TeO2 glasses
Authors: Suzuki Tsubasa , Muneta Shuntaro , Kawano Naoki , Nakauchi Daisuke , Ichiba Kensei , Okazaki Kai , Kato Takumi , Takebuchi Yuma , Kagaya Fumito , Shinozaki Kenji , Yanagida Takayuki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEu2O3-doped oxychloride tellurite glasses were fabricated, and their luminescent characteristics were investigated for glass scintillators. Luminescent peaks originating from the transition between 4f energy levels of Eu3+ were observed at 577, 592, 612, 652, and 701 nm under 530 nm light. These luminescent peaks were also observed when irradiated with X-ray, and the maximum intensity was observed at a Eu2O3 concentration of 3.0%. Furthermore, scintillation decay times of about 0.64 ms were detected from the Eu2O3-doped oxychloride tellurite glasses. Moreover, the 3.0% Eu2O3-doped oxychloride tellurite glass exhibited the lowest afterglow level (177 ppm) that was lower than that of a Tl-doped CsI single crystal.
Conservation-led palaeolimnology: a review of applied palaeolimnology and lessons to improve accessibility and value to conservation practice
Authors: Siggery Ben , Bennion Helen , Murphy Richard , Morse Stephen , Waite Mike 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe integration of palaeolimnology into conservation practice is crucial for effective ecosystem management and restoration. Palaeoecological data provide a unique long-term perspective on key ecological challenges and enable decision makers to better understand pre-disturbance conditions, natural system dynamism and responses to change. Despite this there exist well-recognised accessibility issues and a clear research-implementation gap, in particular, poor communication and lack of understanding of conservation practitioners’ constraints. This study evaluates the accessibility and value of palaeolimnological research to conservation practice by interrogating 60 key applied research papers identified via a rigorous pre-screening process to ensure relevance. The papers were assessed on the use of best practice accessibility criteria, from knowledge-exchange literature, and conservation-practitioner feedback was gathered on the value of conservation recommendations made within the papers. Despite widespread recognition of the importance of accessible research, our review reveals that essential accessibility criteria are inconsistently applied. Although there has been an increase in accessibility practices over time, co-production practices (including co-authorship, co-design of research, and linkage to relevant environmental legislation), showed no significant increase, despite being advocated for by the research community. Practitioner review highlighted the need for research to provide clear, actionable recommendations, and papers that detailed specific management or restoration guidance were particularly well-received, as were those that considered financial implications and summarised their findings more clearly. Equally, many papers were criticised for overly technical language and poor expression, generic suggestions, and a lack of practical consideration in their recommendations. The study highlights the importance of improving accessibility and co-production of knowledge to ensure that research outputs are accessible, relevant, and feasible to guide conservation efforts. To enhance the relevance and impact of applied palaeolimnology, we propose five key recommendations: (1) situate recommendations within existing practice and knowledge; (2) consider the practicalities for practitioners, including material and socio-economic aspects; (3) use clear and simple language; (4) employ easy-to-interpret diagrams and bullet points for recommendations; and (5) improve accessibility of older work. These recommendations are key in helping palaeolimnology progress towards a ‘gold standard’ of applied research, where it can be employed to greater effect to support conservation practice.