bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conflicting and complementary policy goals as sectoral integration challenge: an analysis of sectoral interplay in flood risk management
Authors: Nordbeck Ralf , Seher Walter , Grüneis Heidelinde , Herrnegger Mathew , Junger Lena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe paradigmatic shift from traditional flood defense toward integrated flood risk management has widened the sectors and policies affected and has spurred a growing interest of scholars to understand cross-sectoral flood policy integration. In this paper we argue that the cross-sectoral goal relationship—ranging from complementary to conflictual policy goals—is a useful conceptual framework to understand (1) the policy integration challenge at hands and (2) in particular the unfolding policy integration from a processual perspective. For our empirical analysis we identify three policy subsystems that are highly important for sectoral interplay in flood risk management: agriculture, hydropower generation, and spatial planning. Using Austria as a case study we illustrate the goal relationships and sectoral policy integration challenges in each of these fields of interaction. Based on 45 expert interviews in the selected policy sectors we provide useful insights into the current processes of flood policy integration. The empirical findings from our case studies show that sectoral goal relationships and the nature of the policy integration challenge drive flood policy integration. More pronounced land use conflicts are more strongly reflected in different actor interests, policy frames, policy goals, and the choice of policy instruments. Sectoral goal relationships are an important factor to explain the unfolding policy integration process. Complementary policy goals result in rather informal, harmonious integrative negotiations on strengthening synergies by using soft policy instruments. On the contrary, conflictual policy goals lead to more formal negotiations among the affected sectors relying on hard, regulative instruments.
Deconstructing involuntary financial exclusion: a focus on African SMEs
Authors: Simba Amon , Tajeddin Mahdi , Dana Léo-Paul , Ribeiro Soriano Domingo E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) struggle to obtain credit when credit ratings and collateral are used as criteria to assess their credit applications. In the context of Africa, the financial markets have gaping institutional voids, and contextual insights into SMEs’ experiences remain underdeveloped. Drawing on the stakeholder-agency theory of debt financing, this paper advances the scholarly conversation by theorising about how collateral security, collateral security value and the gender of SME owners lead to the involuntary financial exclusion of many manufacturing businesses in Africa. Analysis of the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) dataset reveals that collateral security and collateral security value, together with gender biases in Africa’s financial markets, reduce credit access potential. Consequently, SMEs’ perceptions of the likelihood of obtaining credit for business purposes are reduced. Empirical results for 13,783 SMEs across 41 African countries indicate that the motivations to apply for credit also diminish. These observations contribute to entrepreneurial financing and SME research.
Verfestigung von Armut und die zunehmende Bedeutung von Pfadabhängigkeiten im Lebenslauf
Authors: Brülle Jan , Gangl Markus 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Ausstiegswahrscheinlichkeit aus relativer Einkommensarmut hat sich in Deutschland seit Mitte der 1990er-Jahre deutlich verringert. Anhand von Daten des SOEP wird diese Entwicklung mithilfe von Ereignisdatenmodellen und einer nichtlinearen Dekompositionsanalyse durch Veränderungen in der Zusammensetzung der von Armut betroffenen Bevölkerung und der veränderten Struktur der Ausstiegsprozesse erklärt. Die zunehmende Anzahl von Alleinlebenden, vor allem aber steigende Arbeitslosigkeitserfahrungen und ein selbstverstärkender Effekt längerer Armutsepisoden erklären empirisch die abnehmenden Ausstiegschancen, sodass die Ergebnisse insgesamt auf die herausragende Relevanz von Pfadabhängigkeiten im Lebenslauf hinweisen. Zudem sind besonders Arbeiterinnen und Arbeiter sowie jüngere Erwachsene von sinkenden Ausstiegswahrscheinlichkeiten betroffen. Es zeigt sich auch, dass die Verfestigung von Armut vor allem für Ostdeutschland charakteristisch ist. Entwicklungen, die einen Trend sinkender Ausstiegschancen in Westdeutschland zum Teil kompensieren – etwa ein gestiegenes Bildungsniveau innerhalb der von Armut betroffenen Bevölkerung – fehlen in Ostdeutschland.
Frequency of inter-specialty consensus decisions and adherence to advice following discussion at a weekly neurovascular multidisciplinary meeting
Authors: Offiah Chika , Tierney Sean , Egan Bridget , Collins Ronán D. , Ryan Daniel J. , McCarthy Allan J. , Smith Deirdre R. , Mahon James , Boyle Emily , Delaney Holly , O.’Donohoe Rory , Hurley Alison , Walsh Richard A. , Murphy Sinead M. , Bogdanova-Mihaylova Petya , O.’Dowd Sean , Kelly Mark J. , Omer Taha , Coughlan Tara , O’Neill Desmond , Martin Mary , Murphy Stephen J. X. , McCabe Dominick J. H. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background/aims
Data are limited on the frequency of ‘consensus decisions’ between sub-specialists attending a neurovascular multidisciplinary meeting (MDM) regarding management of patients with extracranial carotid/vertebral stenoses and post-MDM ‘adherence’ to such advice.

Methods
This prospective audit/quality improvement project collated prospectively-recorded data from a weekly Neurovascular/Stroke Centre MDM documenting the proportion of extracranial carotid/vertebral stenosis patients in whom ‘consensus management decisions’ were reached by neurologists, vascular surgeons, stroke physicians-geriatricians and neuroradiologists. Adherence to MDM advice was analysed in asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS), symptomatic carotid stenosis (SCS), ‘indeterminate symptomatic status stenosis’ (ISS) and vertebral artery stenosis (VAS) patients, including intervals between index event to MDM + / − intervention.

Results
One hundred fifteen patients were discussed: 108 with carotid stenosis and 7 with VAS. Consensus regarding management was noted in 96.5% (111/115): 100% with ACS and VAS, 96.2% with SCS and 92.9% with ISS. Adherence to MDM management advice was 96.4% (107/111): 100% in ACS, ISS and VAS patients; 92% (46/50) in SCS patients. The median interval from index symptoms to revascularisation in 50–99% SCS patients was 12.5 days (IQR: 9–18.3 days; N = 26), with a median interval from MDM to revascularisation of 5.5 days (IQR: 1–7 days). Thirty patients underwent revascularisation. Two out of twenty-nine patients (6.9%) with either SCS or ISS had a peri-procedural ipsilateral ischaemic stroke, with no further strokes/deaths during 3-months follow-up.

Conclusions
The high frequency of inter-specialty consensus regarding management and adherence to proposed treatment supports a collaborative/multidisciplinary model of care in patients with extracranial arterial stenoses. Service development should aim to shorten times between MDM discussion-intervention and optimise prevention of stroke/death.
Externe validatie van de Prostaatwijzer binnen een Nederlands klinisch hoogrisicocohort
Authors: Hagens Marinus J. , Stelwagen Piter J. , Veerman Hans , Rynja Sybren P. , Smeenge Martijn , van der Noort Vincent , Roeleveld Ton A. , van Kesteren Jolien , Remmers Sebastiaan , Roobol Monique J. , van Leeuwen Pim J. , van der Poel Henk G. 
Published: April 2023

SamenvattingHet positieve effect van de Rotterdam Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator (RPCRC)-3/4 en RPCRC-MRI is reeds bevestigd. Toch worden de prestaties en de toepasbaarheid ervan in de klinische praktijk in twijfel getrokken. Deze studie verricht een externe validatie van de RPCRC-3/4 en -MRI binnen een Nederlands klinisch hoogrisicocohort. Mannen (n = 1.575) die tussen 2018 en 2021 prostaatbiopten ondergingen in verband met een klinische verdenking op prostaatkanker (PCa) werden retrospectief geïncludeerd. Bij 996/1.575 (63,2 %) en 656/1.575 (41,7 %) mannen werd respectievelijk PCa en klinisch significant PCa (csPCa) gediagnosticeerd. Uit analyse bleek de RPCRC-3/4 het risico op csPCa te onderschatten: al zou RPCRC-3/4 37,3 % van alle MRI’s voorkomen, dan nog zou 18,3 % van de csPCa-diagnoses worden gemist. Herkalibratie en aanpassing van risicodrempels was om die reden dan ook geïndiceerd. De RPCRC-MRI presteerde daarentegen adequaat en herkalibratie was niet noodzakelijk.
Equilibrium problems when the equilibrium condition is missing
Authors: Balaj Mircea , Serac Dan Florin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGiven a nonempty convex subset X of a topological vector space and a real bifunction f defined on $$X \times X$$

X
×
X

, the associated equilibrium problem consists in finding a point $$x_0 \in X$$

x
0

∈
X

such that $$f(x_0, y) \ge 0$$

f
(

x
0

,
y
)
≥
0

, for all $$y \in X$$

y
∈
X

. A standard condition in equilibrium problems is that the values of f to be nonnegative on the diagonal of $$X \times X$$

X
×
X

. In this paper, we deal with equilibrium problems in which this condition is missing. For this purpose, we will need to consider, besides the function f, another one $$g: X \times X \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

g
:
X
×
X
→
R

, the two bifunctions being linked by a certain compatibility condition. Applications to variational inequality problems, quasiequilibrium problems and vector equilibrium problems are given.
Combined physical activity training versus aerobic activity training in unipolar depressive disorder: a quasi-randomised evaluation study
Authors: Berwinkel Andre , Driessen Martin , Beblo Thomas , Weigelt Matthias 
Published: April 2023

Summary
Objective
The positive effect of sport and exercise interventions on the treatment of unipolar depressive disorder (UDD) is well documented with respect to aerobic exercise. However, few studies have determined the effectiveness of other types of interventions (e.g., weight training, body and mind oriented, qigong or progressive muscle relaxation). Additionally, the effectiveness of specific combined sport and exercise approaches has rarely been investigated. Therefore, recommendations for the use of sport and exercise therapy to treat UDD have been developed.

Methods
This quasi-randomised study used a pretest/posttest design to compare the effectiveness of two different interventions (aerobic activity training vs. combined physical activity training) on psychiatric outcome parameters in a day clinic psychiatric setting. A total of 62 participants were quasi-randomised to one of the two conditions. Affective, cognitive, psychosocial and neuropsychological changes were assessed by a battery of questionnaires before (t1) and after (t2) treatment. Accelerometers were used to assess energy consumption.

Results
The results show that both training interventions have similar effects on the treatment of UDD.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the effectiveness of different physical activities in the treatment of UDD and provide further information for good clinical practice.
Gasification kinetic studies of low volatile weakly caking coal
Authors: Mishra Akanksha , Gautam Shalini , Sharma Tripurari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPresent investigation focuses on the fractional conversion of low volatile weakly caking coal (LVWC) under the standard set of operating conditions for gasification. For this purpose, samples of LVWC of different ash content have been collected from Kusunda Area of Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. Gasification results were validated using Homogenous and Shrinking Core kinetic models and the suitability of selected samples for gasification was assessed by estimating the activation energy. The values of activation energy for LVWC samples were obtained in the range of 25.17–44.09 kJ/mol. Further, empirical models were developed to correlate the response of interest with the input variables (temperature, residence time and CO2 flow rate). The significance of these developed empirical models was checked using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Basic Psychological Needs and Psychological Well-being: The Mediating Role of Instagram Addiction
Authors: Sharifi Fard Sayed Ali , Griffiths Mark D. , Mohseni Farnaz , Nabi Zadeh Safdar , Ali Babaei Golnaz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Instagram is a popular social network platform that brings benefits to many. However, for a small minority, problematic use may be an issue of concern (i.e., Instagram addiction). This addiction appears to originate from various contexts and can also have psychosocial consequences. The present study investigated the basic psychological needs and psychological well-being and the mediating role of Instagram addiction. The sample comprised 660 participants who completed a number of psychometric scales including the: Instagram Addiction Scale (15 questions), Basic Psychological Needs Scale (21 questions), and Psychological Well-being Scale (18 questions). The results confirmed the fit of the model, and showed the direct adverse and significant effects of basic psychological needs on Instagram addiction, Instagram addiction on psychological well-being, and the positive and significant direct impact of basic needs on psychological well-being. There were also significant indirect effects of basic needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) in well-being via Instagram addiction. The failure to satisfy basic psychological needs appears to play an important role in the addictive use of Instagram, leading to a decrease in psychological well-being.
Establishing a Dignity Scale - Measuring Intrinsic Value within Social Contexts
Authors: Pirson Michael , Piedmont Ralph L. , Nagy Noemi , Hicks Donna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper we describe the basics of the measurement of human dignity at the individual level, as well as within social contexts such as teams and organizations. In accordance with the prevailing literature, we define human dignity as the unconditional belief in the intrinsic value of life. Based on this, we established a model that understands dignity as a latent construct by evaluating personal sense of worth as well as behaviors that either violate or honor such an intrinsic value in social contexts. We developed and tested a 3-factor measure of dignity. The first factor assessed a personal sense of dignity (individual level), the second the extent to which leadership honors dignity and how work teams themselves express dignity to their members. The third factor assessed the extent to which the organizational culture honors and protects the dignity of its members. We examined the internal reliability, temporal stability, convergent, divergent, and predictive validity of our scales and presented a psychometrically sound assessment tool of intrinsic value for organizations, teams, and individuals.
Parametric Optimization on HPC Clusters with Geneva
Authors: Weßner Jonas , Berlich Rüdiger , Schwarz Kilian , Lutz Matthias F. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany challenges of today’s science are parametric optimization problems that are extremely complex and computationally intensive to calculate. At the same time, the hardware for high-performance computing is becoming increasingly powerful. Geneva is a framework for parallel optimization of large-scale problems with highly nonlinear quality surfaces in grid and cloud environments. To harness the immense computing power of high-performance computing clusters, we have developed a new networking component for Geneva—the so-called MPI Consumer—which makes Geneva suitable for HPC. Geneva is most prominent for its evolutionary algorithm, which requires repeatedly evaluating a user-defined cost function. The MPI Consumer parallelizes the computation of the candidate solutions’ cost functions by sending them to remote cluster nodes. By using an advanced multithreading mechanism on the master node and by using asynchronous requests on the worker nodes, the MPI Consumer is highly scalable. Additionally, it provides fault tolerance, which is usually not the case for MPI programs but becomes increasingly important for HPC. Moreover, the MPI Consumer provides a framework for the intuitive implementation of fine-grained parallelization of the cost function. Since the MPI Consumer conforms to the standard paradigm of HPC programs, it vastly improves Geneva’s user-friendliness on HPC clusters. This article gives insight into Geneva’s general system architecture and the system design of the MPI Consumer as well as the underlying concepts. Geneva—including the novel MPI Consumer—is publicly available as an open source project on GitHub (https://github.com/gemfony/geneva) and is currently used for fundamental physics research at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany.
Grading Threads. Exploiting Viscous Thread Instability for the additive fabrication of Functionally Graded Structures via sensor-adaptive robotic control
Authors: Palma Marco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present a novel computational fabrication method for the production of Functionally Graded Structures (FGS) via robotic control of Viscous Thread Instability (VTI). Of interest in several fields and at different scales of application, the fabrication of FGS is often relying on offline fabrication workflows and on stable material conditions. By introducing partial control in the process of spatial deposition of an extruded clay thread in a state of instability, our method extends the design and fabrication possibilities of VTI to the production of FGS. Traditionally exploited for the industrial production of not-graded two-dimensional nonwoven textiles or for surface treatments in design-related 3d printing applications, we frame VTI as the main design and fabrication driver for the computational fabrication of functionally graded clay volumetric structures. Without relying on predictive physical simulation models, our method relies on feedback information provided by sensing equipment in combination with an industrial 6 axis robotic manipulator integrated with a numerically controlled clay extruder. The sensed information is used to retroactively update the inputs of a computational model programmed to guide the robotic additive fabrication of user-defined functional volumetric gradients. We illustrate the main design- and fabrication-related parameters and a set of material experiments designed to validate the accuracy of our model. We present a set of fabricated outputs to illustrate the flexibility of the model to accommodate a variety of design intentions and, finally, we discuss its potential for further research involving cross-scalar and trans-disciplinary applications.
Pueblos viejos–pueblos nuevos: transformación del paisaje en el norte de Michoacán (México) a inicios del período novohispano (siglo dieciséis)
Authors: Lefebvre Karine , Dorison Antoine , Urquijo Torres Pedro 
Published: April 2023

ResumenEn el siglo dieciséis, la conquista española se extendió rápidamente hacia lo que hoy se conoce como el occidente de México. A partir de 1522, el reino tarasco sucumbió frente a los españoles y con ello iniciaron su proyecto de colonización y expansión territorial. Desde las primeras décadas, los españoles moldearon las actividades cotidianas para asegurar el control sobre las poblaciones indígenas, incluyendo la evangelización y promoviendo la explotación económica de los nuevos territorios.Uno de los primeros pasos fue reorganizar el patrón de asentamiento de las poblaciones tarascas. En vísperas de la Conquista, los tarascos habitaban en pequeñas aldeas situadas en las cumbres y laderas de las montañas. Los españoles modificaron el patrón de asentamiento a través de dos medidas principales: en primer lugar, el desplazamiento de los antiguos asentamientos (pueblos viejos) a los valles o llanuras cercanas, con el fin de evitar que los sitios se convirtieran en fortalezas; en segundo lugar, los españoles reagruparon a la población en centros más grandes, conocidos como congregaciones.Más allá de la distribución espacial de los lugares, esta transformación afectó por completo la configuración del espacio y repercutió en la relación existente entre los pobladores y el paisaje y con ello en la geografía sagrada. A partir del ejemplo de la localización de dos pueblos en el norte del estado de Michoacán—el sitio prehispánico Mich. 68-El Caracol y el pueblo colonial Mich. 415-Las Iglesias, descubiertos gracias a la obtención de imágenes LiDAR del Proyecto Arqueológico Uacúsecha—discutiremos las características de la distribución espacial antes y después de la Conquista y sus implicaciones en la relación existente entre la sociedad, el paisaje y la cosmovisión de la población.
A compact quasi-Yagi antenna for FMCW radar-on-chip-based through-wall imaging
Authors: Kumar Anand , Easha Easha , Sarkar Debdeep , Banerjee Gaurab 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA compact quasi-Yagi antenna with a modified ground plane is designed for a through-wall radar on-chip. A slot-based ground plane modification in the proposed antenna results in significant miniaturization with an increase in the impedance bandwidth by 44.62%. The antenna has a high directivity of 9.02 dBi and a front-to-back ratio of 25.76 dB at 2.4 GHz. Based on experiments in real-world deployment scenarios, the performance of the proposed quasi-Yagi antenna is found to be comparable to that of a Vivaldi antenna and a commercial-off-the-shelf horn antenna. Spectrogram-based signatures of a moving person behind a wooden partition and a 40 cm thick masonry wall are successfully obtained using the designed antenna, demonstrating the suitability of the quasi-Yagi antenna for portable applications using a radar-on-chip.
Four ports MIMO printed antenna with high isolation for UWB and X-band systems
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Eltokhy Amira , Daw Ahmed Fawzy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, a compact size 4 ports multiple input multiple output (MIMO) slot antenna with the connected ground for Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) and X band applications is introduced and discussed. The single antenna is a cross-shaped slot antenna in the ground plane and a 50 Ω microstrip line with a small L-stub is used to feed the antenna on the other side. The suggested MIMO antenna has four identical elements arranged to be orthogonal to each other to enhance the MIMO system performance. The antenna elements are connected with a small strip to compose the proposed connected ground antennas. The suggested MIMO antenna has an overall size of 47 mm × 47 mm. The antenna has tested and simulated bandwidth with S11 < −10 dB extended from 4– 14 GHz and has isolation greater than 20 dB between ports without utilizing the decoupling elements and with good consistency between results. The MIMO antenna has peak gain and efficiency, envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and channel capacity loss of 5.6 dBi and 80%, <5 × 10–3, 10 dB, and <0.4 bit/s/Hz, respectively which prove that our antenna can be suggested for the UWB MIMO applications.
Pan-Asianism, Anti-Imperialism, and International Law in the Early Twentieth Century
Authors: SHAHABUDDIN Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPan-Asianism as a concept is conventionally associated with Japan's imperialism during the Second World War. This paper, in contrast, argues that far from being merely a language of hegemony, Pan-Asianism had a far more complex role to play in the early twentieth century. As an anti-imperial ideology, Pan-Asianism advanced a normative argument for the emancipation of Asia from Western imperialism and provided an alternative vision of civilization. As an anti-imperial strategy, Pan-Asianism offered Indian nationalist leaders in exile a necessary language to gain international support in favour of their nationalist movement. The paper explains how the ideological and strategic aspects of Pan-Asianism then affected and informed the development of contemporary international law with specific reference to the law of neutrality, the right to self-determination, racial equality, and the Monroe Doctrine. By doing so, it sheds light on an important yet ignored episode of the historical development of international law.