bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using HIV Risk Self-Assessment Tools to Increase HIV Testing in Men Who Have Sex With Men in Beijing, China: App-Based Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Luo Qianqian , Wu Zunyou , Mi Guodong , Xu Jie , Scott Sarah Robbins 
Published: September 2023

Background
Men who have sex with men (MSM) in China hold a low-risk perception of acquiring HIV. This has resulted in an inadequate HIV testing rate.

Objective
This study aims to investigate whether administering HIV risk self-assessments with tailored feedback on a gay geosocial networking (GSN) app could improve HIV testing rates and reduce sexual risk behaviors in Chinese MSM.

Methods
We recruited MSM from Beijing, China, who used the GSN platform Blued in October 2017 in this 12-month double-blinded randomized controlled trial. From October 2017 to September 2018, eligible participants were randomly assigned to use a self-reported HIV risk assessment tool that provided tailored feedback according to transmission risk (group 1), access to the same HIV risk assessment without feedback (group 2), or government-recommended HIV education materials (control). All interventions were remotely delivered through the mobile phone–based app Blued, and participants were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months from baseline. The number of HIV tests over the 12-month study was the primary outcome and was assessed using an intention-to-treat analysis with an incident rate ratio (IRR). Unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) over 6 months was assessed by a modified intention-to-treat analysis and was the secondary outcome. All statistical analyses were conducted in SAS 9.3 (SAS Institute, Inc.), and a P value <.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
In total, 9280 MSM were recruited from baseline and were randomly assigned to group 1 (n=3028), group 2 (n=3065), or controls (n=3187). After follow-up, 1034 (34.1%), 993 (32.4%), and 1103 (34.6%) remained in each group, respectively. Over 12 months, group 1 took 391 tests (mean of 2.51 tests per person), group 2 took 352 tests (mean of 2.01 tests per person), and controls took 295 tests (mean of 1.72 tests per person). Group 1 had significantly more HIV testing than the control group (IRR 1.32, 95% CI 1.09-4.58; P=.01), while group 2 did not differ significantly from the controls (IRR 1.06, 95% CI 0.86-1.30; P=.60). The proportion of UAI was not statistically different among different groups, but all 3 groups had UAI, which declined from baseline.

Conclusions
Repeated HIV risk assessments coupled with tailored feedback through GSN apps improved HIV testing. Such interventions should be considered a simple way of improving HIV testing among MSM in China and increasing awareness of HIV status.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03320239; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03320239
Diagnostic Performance, Triage Safety, and Usability of a Clinical Decision Support System Within a University Hospital Emergency Department: Algorithm Performance and Usability Study
Authors: Määttä Juhani , Lindell Rony , Hayward Nick , Martikainen Susanna , Honkanen Katri , Inkala Matias , Hirvonen Petteri , Martikainen Tero J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are increasingly adopted in health care to optimize resources and streamline patient flow. However, they often lack scientific validation against standard medical care.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the performance, safety, and usability of a CDSS in a university hospital emergency department setting in Kuopio, Finland.

Methods
Patients entering the emergency department were asked to voluntarily participate in this study. Patients aged 17 years or younger, patients with cognitive impairments, and patients who entered the unit in an ambulance or with the need for immediate care were excluded. Patients completed the CDSS web-based form and usability questionnaire when waiting for the triage nurse’s evaluation. The CDSS data were anonymized and did not affect the patients’ usual evaluation or treatment. Retrospectively, 2 medical doctors evaluated the urgency of each patient’s condition by using the triage nurse’s information, and urgent and nonurgent groups were created. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnoses were collected from the electronic health records. Usability was assessed by using a positive version of the System Usability Scale questionnaire.

Results
In total, our analyses included 248 patients. Regarding urgency, the mean sensitivities were 85% and 19%, respectively, for urgent and nonurgent cases when assessing the performance of CDSS evaluations in comparison to that of physicians. The mean sensitivities were 85% and 35%, respectively, when comparing the evaluations between the two physicians. Our CDSS did not miss any cases that were evaluated to be emergencies by physicians; thus, all emergency cases evaluated by physicians were evaluated as either urgent cases or emergency cases by the CDSS. In differential diagnosis, the CDSS had an exact match accuracy of 45.5% (97/213). The usability was good, with a mean System Usability Scale score of 78.2 (SD 16.8).

Conclusions
In a university hospital emergency department setting with a large real-world population, our CDSS was found to be equally as sensitive in urgent patient cases as physicians and was found to have an acceptable differential diagnosis accuracy, with good usability. These results suggest that this CDSS can be safely assessed further in a real-world setting. A CDSS could accelerate triage by providing patient-provided data in advance of patients’ initial consultations and categorize patient cases as urgent and nonurgent cases upon patients' arrival to the emergency department.
Radiology Residents’ Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Chen Yanhua , Wu Ziye , Wang Peicheng , Xie Linbo , Yan Mengsha , Jiang Maoqing , Yang Zhenghan , Zheng Jianjun , Zhang Jingfeng , Zhu Jiming 
Published: September 2023

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming various fields, with health care, especially diagnostic specialties such as radiology, being a key but controversial battleground. However, there is limited research systematically examining the response of “human intelligence” to AI.

Objective
This study aims to comprehend radiologists’ perceptions regarding AI, including their views on its potential to replace them, its usefulness, and their willingness to accept it. We examine the influence of various factors, encompassing demographic characteristics, working status, psychosocial aspects, personal experience, and contextual factors.

Methods
Between December 1, 2020, and April 30, 2021, a cross-sectional survey was completed by 3666 radiology residents in China. We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine factors and associations, reporting odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs.

Results
In summary, radiology residents generally hold a positive attitude toward AI, with 29.90% (1096/3666) agreeing that AI may reduce the demand for radiologists, 72.80% (2669/3666) believing AI improves disease diagnosis, and 78.18% (2866/3666) feeling that radiologists should embrace AI. Several associated factors, including age, gender, education, region, eye strain, working hours, time spent on medical images, resilience, burnout, AI experience, and perceptions of residency support and stress, significantly influence AI attitudes. For instance, burnout symptoms were associated with greater concerns about AI replacement (OR 1.89; P<.001), less favorable views on AI usefulness (OR 0.77; P=.005), and reduced willingness to use AI (OR 0.71; P<.001). Moreover, after adjusting for all other factors, perceived AI replacement (OR 0.81; P<.001) and AI usefulness (OR 5.97; P<.001) were shown to significantly impact the intention to use AI.

Conclusions
This study profiles radiology residents who are accepting of AI. Our comprehensive findings provide insights for a multidimensional approach to help physicians adapt to AI. Targeted policies, such as digital health care initiatives and medical education, can be developed accordingly.
The Impact of Temporal and Transformational Leadership on Innovation Performance: A Mediation Analysis of Self-Efficacy
Authors: Hadi Syamsul , Fitriana Heppy , Kirana Kusuma Chandra , Subekti Nanang Bagus , Ogwu Ibukun Joyce 
Published: August 2023

Introduction/Main Objectives: Current business growth cannot be optimal if it is not accompanied by innovation performance. This study explores the relationship between innovation performance, temporal leadership, and transformational leadership involving an intervening variable of self-efficacy. Background Problems: The process of transforming management from manual to digital requires leaders to be temporal and transformational to support direct and indirect atmosphere of innovation performance through employees’ self-efficacy. Novelty: Temporal and transformational leadership are like two complementary currency coins in the process of changing from manual management to a digital system. Furthermore, this research has never been carried out, therefore validation is needed. Research Methods: The nonprobability sampling method of the study using saturated sampling involved 85 respondents of the employees of distributor company. The hypotheses were tested using SmartPLS. Finding/Results: The results showed that temporal leadership has a direct significant positive impact on innovation performance and self-efficacy. Additionally, transformational leadership also shows a direct significant positive impact on innovation performance and self-efficacy. This study argues that self-efficacy also shows a significant positive impact on innovation performance. In addition, self-efficacy intervened the impact of temporal and transformational leadership on innovation performance. Conclusion: Temporal and transformational leadership have a beneficial effect in increasing innovation performance and self-efficacy is proven to be a mediation. The practical implication is the need to strengthen leaders to maintain a positive attitude towards employee self-efficacy to carry out innovative performance.
Development of Interparticle Bonding during Sintering of Metal Powders with the Addition of Carbon
Authors: Egorov M. S. , Egorova R. V. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Publications on sintered metal powder parts consider interparticle bonding in hot-deformed materials and features of low-alloy structural steels, as well as the use of carbon-containing materials. The authors of the presented article have previously investigated sintering in relation to structural changes in the material, described changes in physical and mechanical properties, reduction of oxides, recrystallization, etc. This paper shows the relationship of mechanical properties of powder steels with the parameters of intracrystalline bonding. The kinetics of its development during sintering is demonstrated for the first time. The study objective is to find out how sintering affects the interparticle bonding and structure of powder alloys with iron and carbon. The task is to study the technological modes of sintering samples from alloyed and pure iron powder to achieve the best mechanical characteristics.Materials and Methods. The powders of the Höganäs company were sintered at a temperature of 900-1150 ºС for 0.5–2.5 hours. The protective gas medium (dissociated ammonia) made it possible to prevent oxidative and other sintering reactions. For static cold pressing, a hydraulic press 2PG-125 with a maximum force of 1250 kN was used.Results. For the first time, the presence of intracrystalline bonding mechanisms with different intensity during sintering has been experimentally established. The dependences of the increment of the relative area of the contact surface on the duration of the isothermal exposure were constructed. With an increase in the sintering temperature to 1150 ºС and a holding time of more than 80 minutes, the contact surface area gradually increased. It was shown that the samples from the powder grades under consideration formed an intracrystalline bonding on the entire contact surface at 1150 ºС. Therefore, this technology can be recommended for practical use. The addition of graphite to the charge slows down the growth of the contact surface. At the same time, the molds from pure powder ABC100.30 and from Distaloy HP-1 powder showed differences. In the first case, with the addition of graphite to the charge, the contact surface developed more intensively than in the second one. The obtained results were recorded in the photo and visualized in the form of graphs.Discussion and Conclusion. According to the results of mechanical tests, it is possible to estimate the proportion of the contact section of the molding with intracrystalline bonding. Its feature is the structural correspondence of the interparticle surface of the splice and the intergrain boundary. The value of this boundary is determined by comparing the relative area of the contact section with the intracrystalline bonding and the relative area of the contact surface. The possibilities of improving the quality of bonding of powder steels by increasing the temperature and time of their exposure during sintering are determined.
A Few Notes on Art Auctions
Authors: Drabik Ewa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The art market, following the example of financial markets, is divided into a primary market, where works are traded directly from artists, and a secondary market that is mainly the auction market. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and galloping inflation have influenced the creation of a bull market in artwork. The high incomes of some buyers and inflation have influenced the emergence of the so-called ‘glittery’ art market. Works by neglected artists have ‘very much taken on a life of their own’: fantasy art, works by young poster artists, casting ‘nightmares’ – have been selling well for more than a year. People terrified of inflation are putting their money ‘in works of art’. The auction market dominates the primary market because anonymity makes it easier to enter the art market. The gallery market does not guarantee this anonymity. Very often, the auction market for works of art is used for money laundering. The purpose of this paper is to show that auction mechanisms are a good tool for the efficient allocation of goods and money in an area of galloping inflation and most art auctions are asymmetry.
Harmonic reduction of grid-connected multilevel inverters using modulation of variable frequency carriers
Authors: Tran Quang-Tho 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Multilevel three-phase inverters are increasingly popular due to their ability to generate high-quality output voltage with harmonic distortion lower than traditional inverters. They are used in various applications, including grid-connected renewable energy systems, motor drives, and power transmission systems, to improve efficiency and reduce costs. The control quality of grid-connected multilevel inverters depends on various factors such as the modulation technique, switching frequency, and control strategy. A good control system can achieve a balance between output current harmonics and switching losses, improving the efficiency and performance of the inverter. This paper suggests a technique for reducing current harmonics of grid-connected multilevel three-phase inverters using variable frequency carriers, without any corresponding increase of the number of switching commutations. The effectiveness of the suggested method has been confirmed through simulation results, which were compared to those obtained from the method of phase opposite disposition modulation using fixed frequency carriers.
Throughput performance optimization of NOMA-assisted cooperative relay system with realistic impairments
Authors: Bachan P. , Shukla Aasheesh , Bansal Atul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This work aims to investigate the outage and throughput performance of non-orthogonal multiple access assisted cooperative relay system (CRS-NOMA) considering the realistic impairments caused due to in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance (IQI), channel estimation errors (CEE), and successive interference cancellation (SIC) errors. More specifically, we investigate a model in which two-phase downlink transmission is carried out in two different modes: (i) CRS-NOMA without direct links and (ii) CRS-NOMA with direct links (CRS-DLNOMA). In CRS-NOMA mode, the source broadcasts a composite NOMA signal to destination users with the assistance of a decode-and-forward (DF) relay. In contrast, in CRS-DLNOMA, direct and cooperative links are available for transmission. We derive the analytical expressions of outage probability and throughput for both the NOMA destinations to evaluate the system performance of both CRS-NOMA and CRS-DLNOMA modes of transmission. Furthermore, numerical simulations also study and validate the influence of IQI, CEE, and SIC errors on the outage and throughput performance. The simulation results verify that realistic impairments degrade the system performance, but the presence of direct link has a positive impact on outage and throughput. Additionally, we use the golden search method to optimize the power allocation factor (PAF) and transmission rate to maximize the throughput at the near user while ensuring the throughput constraint at the far user.
Distribution of carp edema virus in organs of infected juvenile common carp
Authors: Matras Marek , Stachnik Magdalena , Borzym Ewa , Maj-Paluch Joanna , Reichert Michał 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The disease caused by carp edema virus (CEV) manifests with lethargy as a primary sign; this observation in koi in Japan gained the disease the name koi sleepy disease (KSD). In the years following the discovery of the virus in Japan, KSD cases have been noted in the UK in koi and common carp. Conducting research in order to expand knowledge of the processes of distribution of CEV in infected fish organs will be helpful for eradication and diagnostic purposes.

Material and Methods
Carp edema virus–affected fish with clinical signs of KSD were experimentally cohabited with common carp fry (30 fish). Three fish were euthanised by bath in a 0.5 g L−1 tricaine solution at one week intervals (7, 14, 21 and 28 days post cohabitation). Tissue samples from the brain, gills, spleen, kidney, intestines and skin were collected, and the total DNA was extracted and tested by real-time PCR.

Results
By the seventh day post infection, CEV DNA was most often found in the skin, gills and brain and less frequently in the kidney and intestines. In many of the common carp fry, CEV DNA could typically be found in several organs of each individual fish, although it was only found in one sample of spleen tissue.

Conclusion
In this experimental study the pathogenesis of the CEV infection process was shown, the high infectivity of CEV was confirmed and the best organs were determined for sampling in CEV-infection experimentation. The real-time PCR method used in our cohabitation experiments was shown to be useful at the clinical and asymptomatic stage of virus infection.
Quality by design-based method development for the determination of related substances of ezetimibe by high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Ferencz Elek , Sipos Emese , Kelemen Éva-Katalin , Obreja Mona , Urkon Melinda , Tóth Gergő , Szabó Zoltán-István 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry is one of the fastest developing industries, and therefore, the chromatographic methods used to ensure the quality of products are constantly evolving, based on current regulatory requirements. Relevant guidelines state that a good understanding of the effects of all parameters on method performance should be predicted and controlled to ensure that test methods are safe and reliable. This quality by design-based approach is increasingly applied in chromatography. One of the pillars of this method development is the design space that results from pre-designed and systematically realized experiments, which contributes to a better understanding of the separation processes and provides flexibility and robustness to the final method. Modeling softwarewares can be used to experimental design and data evaluation, providing possibilities that empirical development does not allow, such as predicting optimal operating conditions or in silico robustness testing, to understand the separation process. This paper describes the steps of chromatographic method development according to the ICH Q14 guideline, keeping in mind the quality by design principles and taking advantage of the possibilities offered by the DryLab chromatographic modeling software. As an example, the development of an analytical method for the determination of the related substances of ezetimibe is presented, including the design of experiments, method optimization, robustness testing, validation, method specification and lifecycle management, and finally testing of the method applicability. We have demonstrated that experimental design-based retention modeling is an effective way of method development, and the in silico robustness testing is a reliable approach to identifying critical method parameters and setting up control strategies. In chromatographic method development, instead of using a rigid system based on strict and fixed rules, the understanding of separation processes offers higher flexibility. This paper aims to present and promote this new approach to those involved in chromatographic method development.
Strengthen EU/NATO Relationship: A Necessity, Now More Than Ever
Authors: Nieto Fernández María Isabel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aims to analyse the evolution of the relationship between the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in the recent decades, particularly with the implementation of the EU's Common Security and defence Policy (CSDP). This study also aims to improve knowledge of the trends of different approaches in the EU about this relationship. Strengthening the cooperation in the field of security and defence is vital for the EU, considering the implications of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the current hostile international environment, with increasing geopolitical competition between the great powers.