bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Combinatorial Library of Lipid Nanoparticles for Cell Type‐Specific mRNA Delivery
Authors: Naidu Gonna Somu , Yong Seok‐Beom , Ramishetti Srinivas , Rampado Riccardo , Sharma Preeti , Ezra Assaf , Goldsmith Meir , Hazan‐Halevy Inbal , Chatterjee Sushmita , Aitha Anjaiah , Peer Dan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIonizable lipid‐based nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most advanced non‐viral drug delivery systems for RNA therapeutics and vaccines. However, cell type‐specific, extrahepatic mRNA delivery is still a major hurdle, hampering the development of novel therapeutic modalities. Herein, a novel ionizable lipid library is synthesized by modifying hydrophobic tail chains and linkers. Combined with other helper lipids and utilizing a microfluidic mixing approach, stable LNPs are formed. Using Luciferase‐mRNA, mCherry mRNA, and Cre mRNA together with a TdTomato animal model, superior lipids forming LNPs for potent cell‐type specific mRNA delivery are identified. In vitro assays concluded that combining branched ester tail chains with hydroxylamine linker negatively affects mRNA delivery efficiency. In vivo studies identify Lipid 23 as a liver‐trophic, superior mRNA delivery lipid and Lipid 16 as a potent cell type‐specific ionizable lipid for the CD11bhi macrophage population without an additional targeting moiety. Finally, in vivo mRNA delivery efficiency and toxicity of these LNPs are compared with SM‐102‐based LNP (Moderna's LNP formulation) and are shown to be cell‐specific compared to SM‐102‐based LNPs. Overall, this study suggests that a structural combination of tail and linker can drive a novel functionality of LNPs in vivo.
Insights into the Microstructural Engineering of Cobalt‐Free, High‐Nickel Cathodes Based on Surface Energy for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Youngjin , Kim Hanseul , Shin Woochul , Jo Eunmi , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn order to reduce cost and increase energy density, it is critical to eliminate cobalt and increase nickel content in practical LiNi1−x−yMnxCoyO2 (NMC) and LiNi1−x−yCoxAlyO2 (NCA) cathodes. However, the implementation of cobalt‐free, high‐nickel layered oxide cathodes in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is hindered by the inherent issue of high surface reactivity with the electrolyte and microcrack formation during cycling. Herein, the origin of key parameters for microstructural engineering in cobalt‐free LiNiO2 (LNO) is comprehensively investigated with two representative dopants, B and Al. A notable difference in the segregation energy between B and Al results in different morphologies of LNO particles. The low solubility of B into the host structure leads to a surface‐confined distribution of B, inhibiting the growth of primary particles, whereas the highly soluble Al facilitates primary particle growth. Recognition of this key parameter can help improve the cycle life of cobalt‐free LIBs via microstructural engineering by increasing the aspect ratio inside the cathode particle. It is demonstrated that boron‐doping in LNO (B‐LNO) is the most effective dopant strategy for microstructural engineering of the primary particles. The B‐LNO exhibits an excellent capacity retention of 81% in full cells after 300 cycles compared to both LNO and Al‐doped LNO (Al‐LNO).
Trace to the Source: Self‐Tuning of MOF Photocatalysts
Authors: Qian Zhiping , Zhang Rui , Xiao Yan , Huang Hongwei , Sun Ying , Chen Yang , Ma Tianyi , Sun Xiaodong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBenefitting from ultra‐high porosity, large specific surface area (SSA), and rich active sites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a star material in energy and environment related applications, especially in photocatalysis. In comparison with conventional photocatalysts, MOFs can be customized in terms of electronic structure, photo‐responsiveness, and morphological dimensions by rational design, which means that MOFs eliminate the need for other species to achieve enhanced photocatalytic performance, such as metals, compounds, and polymers, which may introduce extra costs, be time‐consuming, be multi‐phase, or have an unclear mechanism. Most previous review works related to MOF photocatalysis have mixed self‐tuning and assisted‐tuning, which often gives an incomplete understanding. In this work, the self‐tunning of MOFs by analyzing component (as clusters, ligands, and inclusions), defect (defect engineering, as linkers, clusters, and oxygen vacancies (OVs), and crystal (as facets, dimensions, and amorphization) is summarized. Then, outstanding examples of these strategies applied to water redox, CO2/N2 reduction, organic conversion, and environmental treatment are discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges faced in the self‐tuning of MOFs are analyzed from different perspectives. This paper is a comprehensive and systematic review on the self‐tuning of MOFs to enhance photocatalytic activity.
Fundamentals of Ion‐Exchange Synthesis and Its Implications in Layered Oxide Cathodes: Recent Advances and Perspective
Authors: Luo Yu‐hong , Pan Qing‐lin , Wei Han‐xin , Huang Ying‐de , Tang Lin‐bo , Wang Zhen‐yu , Yan Cheng , Mao Jing , Dai Ke‐hua , Wu Qing , Zhang Xia‐hui , Zheng Jun‐chao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLayered oxide cathodes such as Ni‐rich ternary and Li‐rich layered cathode materials have been widely used for lithium‐ion batteries owing to their excellent Li+ transport properties, high energy density, and relatively low cost. However, such layered cathode materials synthesized by high‐temperature sintering face inherent issues such as low structural stability, irreversible migration of transition metal ions, and irreversible redox reactions of oxygen anions. To make a breakthrough from the perspective of material synthesis, a new ion‐exchange synthesis has emerged in recent years, which is a promising strategy for synthesis of Li‐ion cathodes. Herein, the fundamentals of ion‐exchange synthesis and their implications in layered oxide cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries is presented. Specifically, ion‐exchange synthesis and mechanisms of ion exchange are introduced in detail, followed by a discussion of the reduction of synthetic temperature, the synthesis of novel crystal structures, the inhibited migration of transition metal ions, the increased reversibility of anionic redox, and the optimized surface reconstruction. Finally, a summary and outlook is provided for ion‐exchange synthesis of layered oxide cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries. It is anticipated that this ion‐exchange synthesis will facilitate the commercialization of high‐performance cathode materials for next generation Li‐ion batteries.
Graphitic Co‐Products of Clean Hydrogen Production Enabling High‐Rate‐Performance Dual‐Carbon Batteries
Authors: Pan Yuqi , Cao Liuyue , Yao Yuanyuan , Tao Yongwen , Lo Victor , Zheng Zhi , Chivers Benjamin , Prabowo Justin , Liu Fangzhou , Lai Leo , Wei Li , Chen Yuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMethane pyrolysis (CH4 → 2H2 + C) is a promising H2 production process with zero CO2 emissions. Utilizing its solid carbon co‐products can make it economically more competitive. Herein, this work demonstrates that graphitic carbon from methane pyrolysis can work as both cathodes and anodes to enable high‐rate‐performance dual‐carbon batteries (DCBs), outperforming commercial natural and synthetic graphite. The graphite purity can reach 99.32 and 97.59 wt%, respectively, using a standard high‐temperature thermal treatment or a room‐temperature electrochemical method. Compared to graphite, they have smaller crystalline sizes and larger surface areas, enabling faster surface redox reactions and better structural stability upon electrolyte ion intercalation. DCB full cells with LiPF6 ethyl methyl carbonate electrolyte deliver energy storage capacities of 75.1 and 74.7 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 with capacity retentions of 79.2% and 93.4% after the high‐rate charge–discharge over 5000 mA g−1, respectively. They can also be cycled at 500 mA g−1 over 300 cycles without capacity decay, demonstrating excellent cycling stability. They show energy densities of 168.7 and 159.7 Wh kg−1 at power densities of 10.6 and 10.8 kW kg−1, outperforming recently reported DCBs. These findings open a new application of graphite co‐product from the emission‐free H2 production process.
Impact of laparoscopic surgery on short‐term and long‐term outcomes in elderly obese patients with colon cancer
Authors: Hoshino Nobuaki , Hida Koya , Fujita Yusuke , Ohira Masaichi , Ozawa Heita , Bando Hiroyuki , Akagi Tomonori , Kono Yohei , Nakajima Kentaro , Kojima Yutaka , Nakamura Takatoshi , Inomata Masafumi , Yamamoto Seiichiro , Sakai Yoshiharu , Naitoh Takeshi , Watanabe Masahiko , Obama Kazutaka 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic surgery is reported to be useful in obese or elderly patients with colon cancer, who are at increased risk of postoperative complications because of comorbidities and physical decline. However, its usefulness is less clear in patients who are both elderly and obese and may be at high risk of complications.MethodsData for obese patients (body mass index ≥25) who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery for stage II or III colon cancer between January 2009 and December 2013 were collected by the Japan Society of Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery. Surgical outcomes, postoperative complications, and relapse‐free survival (RFS) were compared between patients who underwent open surgery and those who underwent laparoscopic surgery according to whether they were elderly (≥70 y) or nonelderly (<70 y).ResultsData of 1549 patients (elderly, n = 598; nonelderly, n = 951) satisfied the selection criteria for analysis. Length of stay was shorter and surgical wound infection was less common in elderly obese patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery than in those underwent open surgery. There were no significant between‐group differences in overall complications, anastomotic leakage, ileus/small bowel obstruction, or RFS. There were also no significant differences in RFS after laparoscopic surgery according to patient age.ConclusionLaparoscopic surgery is safe in elderly obese patients with colon cancer and does not worsen their prognosis. There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery between obese patients who were elderly and those who were nonelderly.
Photochromic Polyoxoniobates with Photoinduced “D‐f‐A” Electron Transfer Mechanism
Authors: Yu Hao , Lin Yu‐Diao , Huang Shu‐Lin , Li Xin‐Xiong , Sun Cai , Zheng Shou‐Tian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCompounds with redox activities have appealing applications in catalytic, electronic and magnetic properties, but the redox inert of polyoxoniobates (PONbs) significantly limits their applications for a long time. In this work, we are able to integrate organophosphate and lanthanide cluster into PONb to create the first family of inorganic‐organic hybrid organophosphate‐Ln‐PONb composite clusters. These novel species not only present the first family of redox active PONbs that can be reduced to form long‐lived “heteropoly blues” under ambient conditions, but also a new photochromic system. More importantly, the analyses of the electronic configurations and photochromic properties for a series of designed proof‐of‐concept PONbs models allow us to discover a D‐f‐A electron transfer mechanism, that is, photoinduced electron is transferred from a photosensitive organophosphate electron donor (D) to the NbV electron acceptor (A) through the unoccupied 4 f‐orbitals of Ln (f). This work paves the way for developing diverse PONb‐based redox materials and expanding the possibility of the applications of PONbs in the redox chemistry.
A Universal CRISPR/Cas12a‐Assisted Methodology Based on Duplex Switch Structure to Detect Multiple Types of Targets
Authors: Xiao Yao , Li Huan , Tang Yidan , Li Bingling 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent years, molecular detection technology has been playing an unprecedentedly important role in disease prevention and public health. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) systems such as CRISPR/Cas12a and CRISPR/Cas13a, have been increasingly used in the detection of nucleic acid molecules because of its collateral cleavage ability in recent years. Herein, we develop a universal CRISPR/Cas12a‐assisted methodology based on a nucleic acid duplex switch structure that can distinguish different categories of targets, such as DNA, RNA and small molecules. It is worth noting that for nucleic acid detection, this method can significantly identify single base substitutions with high specificity, compared with other Cas12a‐assisted biosensing systems. The experimental results suggest that this method has great specificity for different targets, promising to be applied to rapid molecular diagnosis.
3D porous carbon nitride composited oxygen vacancy‐induced indium oxide for high photocatalytic nitrogen fixation on the interfacial surface
Authors: Sun Ting , Gao Ping , Zhang Shixian , Wu Zhiren , Liu Jun , Rong Xinshan 
Published: April 2023

Semiconductor photocatalysis can utilize solar energy for clean energy conversion, but the catalytic efficiency is often unsatisfactory due to limited photo response and efficient separation of photogenerated carriers. In this work, 3D porous carbon nitride (3DPCN) composited oxygen vacancy‐induced indium oxide (3DPCN/VO‐In2O3) was successfully prepared and analyzed by some characterization methods. Meanwhile, the performance of photocatalytic nitrogen fixation was further investigated. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the successful preparation of the composites and revealed the electron flow direction; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy showed the surface structure of the composites; diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) revealed the energy band position and adsorption mechanism; electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) characterization confirms the successful construction of oxygen vacancies; and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and other photochemical characterization results showed that 3DPCN/VO‐In2O3 band gap is narrower and more effective in capturing light than other materials, improving the photocatalytic nitrogen fixation ability. The test results show that the nitrogen fixation capacity of 3DPCN/VO‐In2O3 can reach a maximum value of 156 within 2 h. This result demonstrates that the modification of carbon nitride improves its nitrogen fixation effect, and the introduction of oxygen vacancy‐induced In2O3 improves the light absorption performance and is advantageous to the separation of photogenerated charge carriers.
The Natural Sequence in Which Subclinical Inflamed Joint Tissues Subside or Progress to Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Study of Serial MRIs in the TREAT EARLIER Trial
Authors: Krijbolder Doortje I. , Matthijssen Xanthe M. E. , van Dijk Bastiaan T. , van Steenbergen Hanna W. , Boeters Debbie M. , Willemze Annemiek , Schouffoer Anne A. , van der Helm‐van Mil Annette H. M. 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe natural trajectory of clinical arthritis progression at the tissue level remains elusive. We hypothesized that subclinical inflammation in different joint tissues (synovitis, tenosynovitis, osteitis) increases in a distinct temporal order in patients with clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA) who develop rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and subsides in a different sequence when CSA spontaneously resolves.MethodsWe studied 185 serial magnetic resonance images (MRIs) from CSA patients with subclinical joint inflammation from the placebo arm of the TREAT EARLIER trial: 52 MRIs from 21 RA progressors (MRIs conducted at 1 year before, at 4 months before, and upon RA development), and 133 MRIs from 35 patients with spontaneous resolution of pain (MRIs conducted at baseline and at 4, 12, and 24 months). MRIs were scored for osteitis, synovitis, and tenosynovitis. We used cross‐lagged models to evaluate 2 types of time patterns between pairs of inflamed tissues: a simultaneous pattern (coinciding changes) and a subsequent pattern (inflammatory changes in 1 tissue preceding changes in another tissue).ResultsIn patients who developed RA, synovitis, tenosynovitis, and osteitis increased simultaneously. Increasing osteitis occurred in the final 4 months before RA diagnosis, following incremental tenosynovitis and synovitis changes during the 1 year to 4 months before diagnosis (P < 0.01). In anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)‐positive and ACPA‐negative patients who progressed to RA, osteitis increased just before RA development. In patients with pain resolution, simultaneous decreases in synovitis, tenosynovitis, and osteitis occurred, with tenosynovitis decreasing in the first 4 months after CSA onset preceding decreasing synovitis and osteitis during 4–12 months (P = 0.02 and P < 0.01).ConclusionWe identified natural sequences of subclinical inflammation in different joint tissues, which deepens our understanding of clinical arthritis and RA development. During RA progression, increasing osteitis followed previous increases in tenosynovitis and synovitis. During pain resolution, tenosynovitis decreased first, followed by decreasing synovitis and osteitis.
Phenol Hydrogenation to Cyclohexanol Catalysed by Palladium Supported on CuO/CeO2
Authors: Kasabe Mirabai M. , Kotkar Vaibhav R. , Dongare Mohan K. , Umbarkar Shubhangi B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol is an important reaction in production of nylon‐6, nylon‐66 and in petroleum industry. Liquid phase phenol hydrogenation over Pd‐CuO/CeO2 was carried out under mild conditions. Palladium impregnated over CuO/CeO2 synthesized by co‐precipitation method showed excellent catalytic activity for phenol hydrogenation (99% conversion with 80% cyclohexanol yield) at 90 °C and 10 bar H2 pressure in water. Commercial 10%Pd/C showed only 8% phenol conversion under identical conditions. The detailed characterization revealed significant improvement in surface area of ceria after addition of CuO and decrease in crystallite size with creation of defects in CeO2 lattice. XPS analysis showed Pd loading on CuO/CeO2 to cause hydrogen spillover on the surface leading to increase in the oxygen vacancies. The interaction of phenol with catalyst surface studied by detailed FTIR analysis, revealed activation of phenol on oxygen vacancy of ceria as phenoxide ion with perpendicular orientation of aromatic ring on catalyst surface.
Weber's syndrome revealing a Percheron artery infarction: A case report
Authors: Mbodji Ahmadou Bamba , Faye Ibrahima , Diop Ndeye Rokhaya , Ndiaye Moustapha 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageWeber's syndrome revealing a Percheron artery infarction is a rare clinical occurrence. Its diagnosis requires careful clinical examination and brain MRI, which is the gold standard for diagnosis. If this is not available, combined cerebral CT scan with a CT angiography of supra‐aortic arteries may be useful for the diagnosis.AbstractPercheron's artery (PA) occlusion is an uncommon type of stroke involving paramedian thalamus and/or midbrain infarction. It accounts for 4%–18% of all thalamic infarcts and 0.1%–2% of all strokes. Its clinical manifestations are variable and its mode of presentation as Weber's syndrome is exceptional due to the unusual clinical presentation.
Wettability‐Regulated Synthesis of Metal–Organic Framework Array with Subnanochannels Enables Efficient Separation of Mono‐/Multivalent Metal Ions
Authors: Wu Zihan , Li Chen , Huang Cheng , Cheng Sha , Ouyang Xiaozhi , Chen Wen , Zhang Pengchao , Jiang Yanan , Jiang Lei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAchieving efficient separation of mono‐/multivalent metal ions is essential in various fields, yet it remains a significant challenge. In this work, a metal–organic framework (MOF) array with subnanochannels that exhibit high selectivity and ion permeability in the sieving of mono‐/multivalent metal ion was developed. Specifically, we used confined interfacial reaction at room temperature to synthesis the MOF array inside the micrometer through‐pores of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membrane. The location of the oil/water interface was regulated by adjusting the surface wettability of the PET membrane. By taking advantage of size sieving effect of the subnanochannels of MOF crystals, we were able to effectively separate monovalent metal ions from multivalent metal ions with selectivity reaching up to 3930±373 (e.g., Li+/Zr4+). The fluxes of Li+ ions were observed to be as high as 1.97 mol h−1 m−2. The MOF array‐based membrane with subnanochannels that we have developed exhibits great promise for applications in wastewater treatment, lithium extraction from salt‐lake brines, and other related fields.
In situ study of chiral symmetry breaking in sodium chlorate solutions by Mueller matrix polarimetry
Authors: Arteaga Oriol , Arango‐Restrepo Andrés , Barragán Daniel , Ossikovski Razvigor , Rubí Jose Miguel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work presents a novel approach for investigating symmetry‐breaking processes during crystallization using Mueller matrix polarimetry. By applying this method to the cooling process of NaClO3 solutions, we demonstrate its ability to capture not only the initial and final stages of crystallization but also the intermediate steps and dynamics of the process. This technique provides more comprehensive information and insights into the symmetry‐breaking mechanisms involved in crystal formation. Overall, this study highlights the potential of Mueller matrix polarimetry for in situ statistical measurements of the optical rotation and for monitoring the evolution of enantiomeric excesses.
Von Gold‐Clustern zu Gold‐Kolloiden
Authors: Schubert Ulrich 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der Strukturchemie von Au(I)‐Komplexen spielen aurophile Wechselwirkungen, also anziehende Kräfte zwischen den Goldatomen, eine wichtige Rolle. Das gilt auch für Gold(I)‐Cluster, in denen deswegen oft keine verbrückenden Gruppen notwendig sind, um den Clusterkern aufzubauen. In „metalloiden“ Clustern, die mehrere Hundert Goldatome enthalten können, hat Gold eine mittlere Oxidationsstufe zwischen Null und Eins. Solche Cluster bestehen aus einem Kern von Ligand‐freien und einer äußeren Schicht von Ligand‐haltigen Metallatomen. Da sie definierte Strukturen haben, sind sie Modellsysteme für Gold‐Kolloide, in denen die Größenverteilung der Metallpartikel mehr oder weniger breit ist. Gold‐Kolloide zeichnen sich durch Farben aus, die von der Partikelgröße abhängig sind. An strukturell definierten metalloiden Clustern lässt sich untersuchen, ab welcher Größe der Übergang von nichtmetallischem zu metallischem Verhalten stattfindet. Dieser beginnt bei ungefähr 150 Goldatomen, und bei ungefähr 250 Atomen sind die Partikel metallisch. Bezüglich Strukturen und Eigenschaften sind die Übergänge von molekularen Koordinationsverbindungen über Cluster und Partikel bis hin zu metallischem Gold fließend.