bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The patient journeys of children and adolescents with depression: a study of electronic health records
Authors: Wickersham Alice , Westbrook Juliette , Colling Craig , Downs Johnny , Govind Risha , Kornblum Daisy , Lewis Jonathan , Smith Patrick , Ford Tamsin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn England, children and adolescents with depression can seek treatment from specialist mental health services. We know little about how they journey through these services, or whether healthcare providers collect sufficient data to accurately appraise this. We aimed to summarise the child and adolescent depression pathway for two healthcare providers. This cohort study used de-identified electronic health records extracted from Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT) and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM). We identified referrals between 2015 and 2019 during which the referred patient received their first depression diagnosis aged < 18 years. We described patient demographic and clinical characteristics, and features of the referral. In total, n = 296 (CPFT) and n = 2502 (SLaM) patients had a referral which met eligibility criteria. In both sites, patients were more frequently female (CPFT 79.3%; SLaM 69.3%) and White ethnicity (CPFT 88.9%; SLaM 57.9%) as compared to respective population estimates for the Trusts’ catchment areas. Patients typically received their first depression diagnosis during adolescence (median ages 16 in CPFT and 15 in SLaM). The most common comorbidity was anxiety disorder. Referrals were usually routine, to community teams specialising in the child age group. Commonly mentioned interventions included antidepressant medication, cognitive behavioural therapy, and dialectical behaviour therapy. However, pathways varied within and between sites, and the quality and consistency of some data was poor. These findings provide an overview of service pathways experienced by children and adolescents with depression, but also highlight that pathways can vary according to individual need and healthcare provider. More systematic collection of some data, and standardisation in record systems used by different providers, would be beneficial.
Teens online: how perceived social support influences the use of the Internet during adolescence
Authors: Benvenuti Martina , Panesi Sabrina , Giovagnoli Sara , Selleri Patrizia , Mazzoni Elvis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study analyses the role of social support in Internet use, focusing on when it leads to problematic or functional use in male and female adolescents. Three research hypotheses state: (1) when offline social support is low, online social support leads to a problematic Internet use; (2) when offline social support is high, online social support leads to a functional Internet use; (3) significant differences between male and female adolescents in both the online and offline dimensions considered. Results showed that the positive social interaction factor of online social support positively predicts problematic Internet use and that the latter is negatively affected by offline social support (affectionate dimension). Furthermore, online social support predicts functional Internet use (positive social interaction factor), while offline social support has no such effect. Finally, gender differences occur: males show higher problematic Internet use, and a higher number of friends and acquaintances than females, while females show higher online and offline social support than males. Implications of this research are particularly relevant for schools (e.g., teachers), families (parents, caregivers, etc.), and policy maker, so that they can support adolescents in the construction and development of offline friendly relationships and promote a functional use of the Internet for preventing its negative effects with active educational policies.
Understanding the impact of bioactive coating materials for human mesenchymal stromal cells and implications for manufacturing
Authors: Silva Couto Pedro , Molina Samuel A. , O’Sullivan Denis , O’Neill Liam , Lyness Alexander M. , Rafiq Qasim A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBioactive materials interact with cells and modulate their characteristics which enable the generation of cell-based products with desired specifications. However, their evaluation and impact are often overlooked when establishing a cell therapy manufacturing process. In this study, we investigated the role of different surfaces for tissue culture including, untreated polystyrene surface, uncoated Cyclic Olefin Polymer (COP) and COP coated with collagen and recombinant fibronectin. It was observed that human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) expanded on COP-coated plates with different bioactive materials resulted in improved cell growth kinetics compared to traditional polystyrene plates and non-coated COP plates. The doubling time obtained was 2.78 and 3.02 days for hMSC seeded in COP plates coated with collagen type I and recombinant fibronectin respectively, and 4.64 days for cells plated in standard polystyrene treated plates. Metabolite analysis reinforced the findings of the growth kinetic studies, specifically that cells cultured on COP plates coated with collagen I and fibronectin exhibited improved growth as evidenced by a higher lactate production rate (9.38 × 105 and 9.67 × 105 pmol/cell/day, respectively) compared to cells from the polystyrene group (5.86 × 105 pmol/cell/day). This study demonstrated that COP is an effective alternative to polystyrene-treated plates when coated with bioactive materials such as collagen and fibronectin, however COP-treated plates without additional coatings were found not to be sufficient to support cell growth. These findings demonstrate the key role biomaterials play in the cell manufacturing process and the importance of optimising this selection.
Determining the linear correlation between dielectric spectroscopy and viable biomass concentration in filamentous fungal fermentations
Authors: Magnússon Atli , Pajander Jari , Sin Gürkan , Stocks Stuart 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Dielectric spectroscopy is commonly used for online monitoring of biomass growth. It is however not utilized for biomass concentration measurements due to poor correlation with Cell Dry Weight (CDW). A calibration methodology is developed that can directly measure viable biomass concentration in a commercial filamentous process using dielectric values, without recourse to independent and challenging viability determinations.

Results
The methodology is applied to samples from the industrial scale fermentation of a filamentous fungus, Acremonium fusidioides. By mixing fresh and heat-killed samples, linear responses were verified and sample viability could be fitted with the dielectric $$\Delta C$$

Δ
C

values and total solids concentration. The study included a total of 26 samples across 21 different cultivations, with a legacy at-line viable cell analyzer requiring 2 ml samples, and a modern on-line probe operated at-line with 2 different sample presentation volumes, one compatible with the legacy analyzer, a larger sample volume of 100 ml being compatible with calibration for on-line operation. The linear model provided an $${R}^{2}$$

R

2

value of 0.99 between $$\Delta C$$

Δ
C

and viable biomass across the sample set using either instrument. The difference in ∆C when analyzing 100 mL and 2 mL samples with an in-line probe can be adjusted by a scalar factor of 1.33 within the microbial system used in this study, preserving the linear relation with $${R}^{2}$$

R

2

of 0.97.

Conclusions
It is possible to directly estimate viable biomass concentrations utilizing dielectric spectroscopy without recourse to extensive and difficult to execute independent viability studies. The same method can be applied to calibrate different instruments to measure viable biomass concentration. Small sample volumes are appropriate as long as the sample volumes are kept consistent.
The Impacts of a Clown Doctor Program on an Adolescent Psychiatric Unit: A Mixed Methods Investigation
Authors: Melvin Glenn , Hofmann Jovell Ling , Pavlou Christine , Lu Sinh , Verstandig Stephanie , Taylor Ashleigh , Desilva Deandra , Cameron Lauren , Evans Subhadra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Inpatient psychiatric care may be required to manage adolescents with severe mental health problems. As the ward can be a challenging environment, this study explored the influence of clown doctors on adolescents. Seventy-seven adolescents (13–18 years) and 22 staff from the Monash Health Stepping Stones Adolescent Unit, and 11 clown doctors from The Humour Foundation participated in the study. Bespoke surveys were developed by the research team to collect quantitative self-report data and qualitative responses. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis suggested that adolescents experienced high levels of fun as well as positive mood during a clown doctor session. Clown doctor programs show promise within an inpatient unit with opportunities for further development being identified. With considerations of the findings, future clown doctor training could include tailoring sessions to the developmental needs of adolescents and developing strategies on how to interact with adolescents who have a mental health disorder.
A systematic review of social classroom climate in online and technology-enhanced learning environments in primary and secondary school
Authors: Goagoses Naska , Suovuo Tomi “bgt” , Winschiers-Theophilus Heike , Suero Montero Calkin , Pope Nicolas , Rötkönen Erkki , Sutinen Erkki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough the significance of a positive social classroom climate in face-to-face learning has been established, its role within online and technology-enhanced learning environments is unclear. The central aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the findings of empirical studies which have examined any aspect of the social classroom climate in online and technology-enhanced learning environments in primary and secondary schools. Appropriate search terms were entered into ACM Digital Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and ERIC in November 2021. Articles were included if they were relevant for the aim, reported primary data, sampled primary/secondary school students and/or teachers, and were published in journals, conference proceedings, or book chapters in English. Furthermore, articles were excluded if they focused on the development/testing of measurement tools. The thematic narrative synthesis includes 29 articles, comprising of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method studies. A quality assessment checklist was completed for all. The findings encompass examinations of the social classroom climate in online learning before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, in blended learning environments and a comparison between them. Furthermore, associations between the online social classroom climate and academic variables is explored, as is the fostering thereof through synchronous/asynchronous discussion groups and social media. We discuss the theoretical framing of the studies, the impact of a positive classroom climate in online and technology-enhanced learning environments on students, as well as practical approaches and new opportunities in leveraging technologies. Based on the findings and the studies’ limitations we outline implications and future research, such as the need to consider students’ voices and diversity, technology perspectives, a transdiciplinary approach and the reconceptualization of boundaries.
Combining Higher-Order Logic with Set Theory Formalizations
Authors: Kaliszyk Cezary , Pąk Karol 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Isabelle Higher-order Tarski–Grothendieck object logic includes in its foundations both higher-order logic and set theory, which allows importing the libraries of Isabelle/HOL and Isabelle/Mizar. The two libraries, however, define all the basic concepts independently, which means that the results in the two are disconnected. In this paper, we align significant parts of these two libraries, by defining isomorphisms between their concepts, including the real numbers and algebraic structures. The isomorphisms allow us to transport theorems between the foundations and use the results from the libraries simultaneously.
The omnipolar mapping technology—a new mapping tool to overcome “bipolar blindness” resulting in true high-density maps
Authors: Dittrich Sebastian , Scheurlen Cornelia , van den Bruck Jan-Hendrik , Filipovic Karlo , Wörmann Jonas , Erlhöfer Susanne , Schipper Jan-Hendrik , Lüker Jakob , Steven Daniel , Sultan Arian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Omnipolar mapping (OT) is a novel tool to acquire omnipolar signals for electro-anatomical mapping, displaying true voltage and real-time wavefront direction and speed independent of catheter orientation. The aim was to analyze previously performed left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) maps for differences using automated OT vs. standard bipolar settings (SD) and HD wave (HDW) algorithm.

Methods
Previously obtained SD and HDW maps of the LA and LV using a 16-electrode, grid-shaped catheter were retrospectively analyzed by applying automated OT, comparing voltage, point density, pulmonary vein (PV) gaps, and LV scar area.

Results
In this analysis, 135 maps of 45 consecutive patients (30 treated for LA, 15 for LV arrhythmia) were included. Atrial maps revealed significantly higher point densities using OT (21471) vs. SD (6682) or HDW (12189, p < 0.001). Mean voltage was significantly higher using OT (0.75 mV) vs. SD (0.61 mV) or HDW (0.64 mV, p < 0.001). OT maps detected significantly more PV gaps per patient vs. SD (4 vs. 2), p = 0.001.
In LV maps, OT revealed significantly higher point densities (25951) vs. SD (8582) and HDW (17071), p < 0.001. Mean voltage was significantly higher for OT (1.49 mV) vs. SD (1.19 mV) and HDW (1.2 mV), p < 0.001. Detected scar area was significantly smaller using OT (25.3%) vs. SD (33.9%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
OT mapping leads to significantly different substrate display, map density, voltage, detection of PV gaps, and scar size, compared to SD and HDW in LA and LV procedures. Successful CA might be facilitated due to true HD maps.
Art, politics and identity in de Staël’s Corinne ou l’Italie
Authors: Monateri Valentina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze Anne Louise Germaine de Staël’s novelCorinne ou l’Italie(1807) from the point of view of the cultural studies and the visual studies, to shed a light on de Staël’s attempt at promoting the construction of a modern Italian national identity, founded on the arts. The article examines how de Staël’s participation in the Italian nation-building was half linked to her prejudices upon the Italian lateness in the process of civilization Northern European countries were undergoing, and half focused on creating a transnational, cross-boundary and European artistic language.
Exploring the molecular spectroscopic and electronic characterization of nanocrystalline Metal-free phthalocyanine: a DFT investigation
Authors: El-Saady A. A. , Roushdy N. , Farag A. A. M. , El-Nahass M. M. , Abdel Basset Dalia M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe molecular structure optimization and harmonic vibrational frequencies of nanocrystalline metal-free phthalocyanine were investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) implemented in the Gaussian 09 program through B3LYP/6-311G basis set. Thermodynamic and non-linear optical (NLO) characteristics, total dipole moment, HOMO–LUMO energies, natural population analysis (NPA), and global chemical reactivity descriptors were examined. TD-DFT evaluations were used to interpret the electronic absorption. The experimental results and computed values match up adequately. An essential component of photovoltaic devices and the optimized HOMO–LUMO energy gap (2.16 eV) were estimated and compared with those obtained experimentally. The energy band model was used to check the probability of the transition type and estimate the values of energy gaps, which were found to be indirectly allowed. To provide a comprehensive picture for the characterization and determine the activation energy of the charge carriers, the DC electrical conductivity was also examined. It was revealed to have a value between 0.767 and 1.288 eV depending on the temperature range.
A replication study on the intuitiveness of programming language syntax
Authors: Lappi Vilma , Tirronen Ville , Itkonen Jonne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, we present a replication of an empirical experiment that evaluates intuitiveness and comprehensibility of keywords relating to different concepts in programming languages, originally conducted by Stefik and Gellenbeck. Novice programmers face many barriers when learning programming. One of these barriers is syntax, which for many languages is not designed based on empirical evidence. The purpose of the experiment was to provide more empirical evidence on the subject, to find out if the results of the original experiment can be replicated and if conducting the experiment in an environment where English is not the native language affects the results. The results of our experiment replicated most of the findings of the original study and provided further evidence that some syntactic choices in many popular programming languages are unintuitive for novice programmers. Our results suggest that the native language of participants who otherwise had good English skills had little effect when compared to the original study. These results may support programming language designers in making evidence-based design decisions and teachers of introductory programming courses in identifying some of the barriers novice programmers face.
Sterically crowded thioamides: deviations from planarity as determined by X-ray structure analyses and quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Voss Jürgen , Buddensiek Dirk 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe structures of selected thiobenzamides and some corresponding benzamides with two more or less bulky N-substituents have been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The planarity of the thioamide moiety, i.e., the internal rotation about the Ar-CS and the C-N bond as well as the bending of the two N-substituents versus the thioamide plane, was determined from the data. The experimental data were corroborated by quantum chemical calculations of molecular ensembles in the crystal and, in particular, by Hirshfeld surface analysis.
Dose-dependent positive-to-negative shift of litter effects on seedling growth: a modelling study on 35 plant litter types
Authors: Mingo Antonio , Bonanomi Giuliano , Giannino Francesco , Incerti Guido , Mazzoleni Stefano 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModelling the inter-relationships between litter accumulation and plant–soil feedback is a major challenge to predict natural and agricultural ecosystem dynamics. At increasing levels of undecomposed plant litter, seedling growth tends to show a multi-faceted response trend, characterised by a peak of positive stimulation at lower dosage followed by inhibition at higher dosage. In this study, a new logistic model was developed to describe such trend and disentangle substrate-specific positive and negative effects of plant litter. The model was tested on 35 litter types applied to the common phytometer Lepidium sativum; all litter types were collected in Mediterranean shrublands of Campania region (southern Italy). Model fitting resulted to be generally higher relative to the widely used linear log response model, although in only half of the cases it also gave more parsimonious results in terms of minimising information loss. Positive and negative effects of plant litter resulted to be uncorrelated, showing that the overall trend is probably the result of the combined action of separate factors rather than the effect of a single factor behaving differently at the different doses. The results of this work provide new tools to finely tune the optimal doses in experiments on hormesis and litter phytotoxicity, through the identification of the most suited doses to centre the range of nearly linear response to litter concentration. A wide screening is also presented on the phytotoxicity profiles of a number of spontaneous plant species widely distributed in the Mediterranean area.
Are Mediterranean Nonprofits Adopting the Social Enterprise Model?
Authors: López-Arceiz Francisco J. , Bellostas Ana J. , Rivera Pilar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe social enterprise model, which is characterized by economic, social, and governance dimensions, has become a key aspect of modern welfare states in Europe. Despite its potential to increase revenue diversification for nonprofits, particularly through commercial income, its effects in the context of Mediterranean countries within the European Union are untested. This study aims to examine the adoption of the social enterprise model by Mediterranean nonprofits. The results suggest that organizations with high levels of diversification through commercial income exhibit some characteristics of the social enterprise model, and this behavior is influenced by factors such as the type of promoter, user, organizational aims, and activities.
Validating Microbial Source Tracking Markers and Assessing the Efficacy of Culturable E. coli and Enterococcus Assays in Ozark Streams, USA
Authors: Browning Dustin A. , Mausbach William E. , Stookey Courtney , Nikolai Stephen J. , Barrow Joel , Townsend Darrell E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFecal contamination threatens human health and contributes to the eutrophication of water resources. In Oklahoma, approximately 75% of assessed stream miles in the state are listed as impaired for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB). We tested the performance of seven microbial source tracking (MST) markers in six Northeast Oklahoma streams. All samples were tested with human (HF183), bovine (COWM2, COWM3), porcine (Pig-2-Bac), avian (Av4143), Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus markers using digital PCR (dPCR), as well as culturable assays for E. coli (Colisure) and Enterococcus (Enterolert). Rural and agricultural land uses were characterized by bovine sources of bacterial contamination. Human fecal contamination was found to be prominent in developed landscapes with several indicators for chronic human fecal pollution in an urban stream. All the streams met the criterion for Enterococcus impairment in 2019 and 2020; however, we found no relationships between culturable Enterococcus and the MST markers except in the urban stream, which had chronic human fecal pollution issues. The urban stream met the criterion for E. coli impairment, and E. coli was significantly correlated with the dominant MST markers in both rural and urban streams. We find that the culturable Enterococcus assay is not specific enough to be used for FIB water quality standards. We support the continued use of culturable E. coli assays to monitor for fecal contamination, and we recommend following-up with MST to verify fecal sources so informed mitigative actions can be taken to improve stream water quality.