bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altering patterns of sensorimotor network in patients with different pathological diagnoses and glioma‐related epilepsy under the latest glioma classification of the central nervous system
Authors: Fang Shengyu , Li Lianwang , Weng Shimeng , Guo Yuhao , Fan Xing , Jiang Tao , Wang Yinyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsWe aimed to clarify the relationship between alterations in functional networks and glioma‐related epilepsy (GRE) in patients with different molecular diagnoses.MethodsWe enrolled 160 patients with prefrontal gliomas and different histories of GRE. The patients were grouped based on the latest pathological glioma classification and GRE history. Graph theory analysis was applied to reveal alterations in the sensorimotor networks among various subgroups. Binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for preoperative GRE onset.ResultsDecreasing shortest path length was found in patients with GRE, regardless of the chromosome 1p/19q status. Nodes located in the premotor and supplementary motor areas showed decreased nodal betweenness centrality and vulnerability in patients with GRE and chromosome 1p/19q intact. Additionally, the node on the primary motor area showed decreased nodal vulnerability but the node on the sensory‐related thalamus increased in patients with GRE and chromosome 1p/19q co‐deletion. Decreased shortest path length, grade 2, and decreased nodal betweenness centrality of the premotor area were risk factors for GRE.ConclusionDecreased shortest path length was a characteristic alteration in GRE and prefrontal glioma. Alterations in global properties were similar, but nodal properties were different in patients with GRE and different chromosome 1p/19q statuses.
Potential of artificial intelligence based on chest computed tomography to predict the nature of part‐solid nodules
Authors: Ke Xiaoting , Hu Weiyi , Su Xianyan , Huang Fang , Lai Qingquan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to predict the nature of part‐solid nodules based on chest computed tomography (CT) is still under exploration.ObjectiveTo determine the potential of AI to predict the nature of part‐solid nodules.MethodsTwo hundred twenty‐three patients diagnosed with part‐solid nodules (241) by chest CT were retrospectively collected that were divided into benign group (104) and malignant group (137). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the agreement in predicting malignancy, and the predictive effectiveness was compared between AI and senior radiologists. The parameters measured by AI and the size of solid components measured by senior radiologists were compared between two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was chosen for calculating the Youden index of each quantitative parameter, which has statistical significance between two groups. Binary logistic regression performed on the significant indicators to suggest predictors of malignancy.ResultsAI was in moderate agreement with senior radiologists (ICC = 0.686). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of two groups were close (p > 0.05). The longest diameter, volume and mean CT attenuation value and the largest diameter of solid components between benign and malignant groups were different significantly (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the longest diameter and mean CT attenuation value and the largest diameter of solid components were indicators for malignant part‐solid nodules, the threshold of which were 9.45 mm, 425.0 HU and 3.45 mm, respectively.ConclusionPotential of quantitative parameter measured by AI to predict malignant part‐solid nodules can provide a certain value for the clinical management.
Do patient decision aids help people who are facing decisions about solid organ transplantation? A systematic review
Authors: Irish Georgina L. , Weightman Alison , Hersch Jolyn , Coates P. Toby , Clayton Philip A 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDecisions about solid organ transplantation are complex. Patient decision aids (PDAs) enhance traditional education, by improving knowledge and supporting patients to align their values with treatments. There are increasing numbers of transplantation PDAs, however, it is unclear whether these are effective. We conducted a systematic review of studies assessing the impact of PDA use in transplantation.MethodsWe searched the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases from database inception to October 26, 2020. We included primary studies of solid organ transplantation PDAs defined by the International Patient Decision Aids Standards. All comparators and reported outcomes were included. Mean difference in knowledge (before vs. after) was standardized on a 100‐point scale. Pooled‐effect for PDAs was calculated and compared to the standard of care for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta‐analyzed using random effects. Analysis of all other outcomes was limited due to heterogeneity (PROSPERO registration, CRD42020215940).ResultsSeven thousand four hundred and sixty‐three studies were screened, 163 underwent full‐text review, and 15 studies with 4278 participants were included. Nine studies were RCTs. Seven RCTs assessed knowledge; all demonstrated increased knowledge with PDA use (mean difference, 8.01;95%CI 4.69–11.34, p < .00001). There were many other outcomes, including behavior and acceptability, but these were too heterogenous and infrequently assessed for meaningful synthesis.ConclusionsThis review found that PDAs increase knowledge compared to standard education, though the effect size is small. PDAs are mostly considered acceptable; however, it is difficult to determine whether they improve other decision‐making components due to the limited evidence about non‐knowledge‐based outcomes.
Intentional replantation and management of avulsion related ankylosis and external cervical resorption. A 10‐year follow up case report
Authors: Kotsanos Ioannis N. , Tzika Eleftheria , Economides Nikolaos , Kotsanos Nikolaos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReplantation is the treatment of choice for avulsed permanent teeth; ankylosis and cervical root resorption are among survival complications. A 9.5‐year‐old boy presented with an avulsed maxillary permanent central incisor with an open root apex following a school accident. The tooth was kept in milk, after a dry time of 15–20 min. Its replantation was performed 60 min after the accident. At 8 months, apexification with apical plug was attempted upon radiographic evidence of apical periodontitis. Ankylosis sound with infraocclusion and radiographic evidence of external cervical root resorption (ECR) were evident at 3 years and 3 months. At the patient's return one year later with esthetic concerns (2 mm infraocclusion) there was a 5 mm diameter ECR cavity. After intentional atraumatic extraction the resorptive cavity was debrided and restored with Biodentine; subsequently the tooth was reimplanted and splinted at an extruded position. At the 10‐year follow up since the first avulsion the tooth remains esthetically pleasing, asymptomatic, non‐ankylotic and functional. The present case supports intentional replantation as an option in managing infraoccluded teeth with advanced ECR.
Comorbidities and predictors of health‐related quality of life in Dravet syndrome: A 10‐year, prospective follow‐up study
Authors: Makiello Phoebe , Feng Tony , Dunwoody Benjamin , Steckler Felix , Symonds Joseph , Zuberi Sameer M. , Dorris Liam , Brunklaus Andreas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveDravet syndrome (DS) is a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, leading to reduced health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Prospective outcome data on HRQOL are sparse, and this study investigated long‐term predictors of HRQOL in DS.MethodsOne hundred thirteen families of SCN1A‐positive patients with DS, who were recruited as part of our 2010 study were contacted at 10‐year follow‐up, of which 68 (60%) responded. The mortality was 5.8%. Detailed clinical and demographic information was available for each patient. HRQOL was evaluated with two epilepsy‐specific instruments, the Impact of Pediatric Epilepsy Scale (IPES) and the Epilepsy & Learning Disabilities Quality of Life Questionnaire (ELDQOL); a generic HRQOL instrument, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL); and a behavioral screening tool, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).ResultsTwenty‐eight patients were 10–15 years of age (0–5 years at baseline) and 40 were ≥16 years of age (≥6 years at baseline). Patients 0‐ to 5–years‐old at baseline showed a significant decline in mean scores on the PedsQL total score (p = .004), physical score (p < .001), cognitive score (p = .011), social score (p = .003), and eating score (p = .030) at follow‐up. On multivariate regression, lower baseline and follow‐up HRQOL for the whole cohort were associated with worse epilepsy severity and a high SDQ total score (R2 = 33% and 18%, respectively). In the younger patient group, younger age at first seizure and increased severity of epilepsy were associated with a lower baseline HRQOL (R2 = 35%). In the older age group, worse epilepsy severity (F = 6.40, p = .016, R2 = 14%) and the use of sodium‐channel blockers were independently associated with a lower HRQOL at 10‐year follow‐up (F = 4.13, p = .05, R2 = 8%).SignificanceThis 10‐year, prospective follow‐up study highlights the significant HRQOL‐associated cognitive, social, and physical decline particularly affecting younger patients with DS. Sodium channel blocker use appears to negatively impact long‐term HRQOL, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and disease‐specific management in DS.
18F‐SynVesT‐1 positron emission tomography in a hypothalamic hamartoma with abnormal uptake
Authors: Xiao Ling , Zhou Ming , Tang Yongxiang , Hu Shuo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) are uncommon benign lesions of neuronal and glial cells in the inferior hypothalamus. They have been linked to epilepsy, premature puberty, and cognitive and behavioral impairment. We report a 13‐year‐old patient who was referred to a multidisciplinary treatment team for epilepsy with 6 months of convulsive seizures. Sustained seizure control was not achieved despite the use of multiple antiepileptic agents. He had been plagued by unexplained paroxysmal bursts of laughter for >11 years. Video‐electroencephalography showed diffuse epileptic discharges prominent in the right hemisphere in both interictal and ictal phases. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an isointense gray matter mass on the right lateral walls of the third ventricle, with focal hypometabolism on 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET). The patient subsequently was enrolled in a clinical trial of 18F‐SynVesT‐1 PET in epilepsy, and an increased 18F‐SynVesT‐1 uptake was noted in the mass. After excluding hormonal abnormalities, the patient underwent open resection targeting HHs. We used 18F‐SynVesT‐1 as a specific PET tracer for synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A, which is ubiquitously expressed in brain synapses. 18F‐SynVesT‐1 PET may hold promise as a supplementary tool in the presurgical localization and evaluation of HHs.
Clinical utility of exome sequencing in a pediatric epilepsy cohort
Authors: Graifman Jordana L. , Lippa Natalie C. , Mulhern Maureen S. , Bergner Amanda L. , Sands Tristan T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveExome sequencing (ES) has played an important role in the identification of causative variants for individuals with epilepsy and has proven to be a valuable diagnostic tool. Less is known about its clinical utility once a diagnosis is received. This study systematically reviewed the impact of ES results on clinical decision‐making and patient care in a pediatric epilepsy cohort at a tertiary care medical center.MethodsPediatric patients with unexplained epilepsy were referred by their neurologist, and informed consent was obtained through an institutional review board–approved research ES protocol. For patients who received a genetic diagnosis, a retrospective chart review was completed of the probands and their relatives' medical records prior to and after genetic diagnosis. The following outcomes were explored: provider management recommendations, changes in care actually implemented, and anticipatory guidance provided regarding the proband's condition.ResultsFifty‐three probands met the inclusion criteria. Genetic diagnosis led to at least one provider recommendation in 41.5% families (22/53). Recommendations were observed in the following categories: medication, screening for non‐neurological comorbidities/referrals to specialists, referrals to clinical research/trials, and cascade testing. Anticipatory guidance including information about molecular diagnosis, prognosis, and relevant foundations/advocacy groups was also observed.SignificanceResults demonstrate the clinical utility of ES for individuals with epilepsy across multiple aspects of patient care, including anti‐seizure medication (ASM) selection; screening for non‐neurological comorbidities and referrals to appropriate medical specialists; referral to reproductive genetic counseling; and access to research, information, and support resources. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the clinical utility of ES for a pediatric epilepsy cohort with broad epilepsy phenotypes. This work supports the implementation of ES as part of clinical care in this population.
Intensive mothering and informational habitus: Interplays in virtual communities
Authors: Vivion Maryline , Malo Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore how virtual communities of mothers shape the informational habitus in the context of the intensive mothering ideology.BackgroundMothers' involvement and dedication are perceived as essential to children's development. Some mothers join virtual communities for health information to ensure that they are doing the best for their child.MethodAn online ethnography in three virtual communities of mothers was conducted, in addition to individual interviews with 16 mothers of young children (18 months and below).ResultsMothers use virtual communities for emotional and informational support. Experiential knowledge and referenced information are highly valuable. Furthermore, mothers are reflexive and choose what information they integrate based on their educational capital and their personal skills. Finally, choice appeared to be the practical operator of the informational habitus.ConclusionOur results suggest that the sense of belonging developed in virtual communities shapes a new informational habitus based on the importance of being an informed mother.ImplicationsMothers want to make the best possible decisions for their child's health. To do so, they deploy reflexive practices to process information. This suggests that other than their physicians, they also trust an important array of sources of information.
Linking internalizing and externalizing problems to warmth and negativity in observed dyadic parent–offspring communication
Authors: Kullberg Marie‐Louise J. , Buisman Renate S. M. , van Schie Charlotte C. , Pittner Katharina , Tollenaar Marieke , van den Berg Lisa J. M. , Alink Lenneke R. A. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , Elzinga Bernet M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the relative associations of mothers'/fathers' and offspring's internalizing and externalizing problems with parent‐to‐offspring and offspring‐to‐parent warmth and negativity.BackgroundPsychological conditions of family members may be related to intrafamilial social interactions. Particularly, internalizing and externalizing problems may affect the quality of parent–offspring communication.MethodIn this study, fathers (N = 94), mothers (N = 125) and their offspring (N = 224, age rangeoffspring = 7.5–65.5 years) from 137 nuclear families participated in a behavioral conflict interaction task during which expressed warmth and negativity were observed. Associations between parents' and offspring's psychological problems (of the past 6 months) and parent‐to‐offspring and offspring‐to‐parent communication were tested simultaneously using structural equation models separated for fathers and mothers. Based on prior findings in the study sample, our analyses were controlled for history of childhood abuse.ResultsOffspring's internalizing problems were related to less negativity toward their father, whereas offspring's externalizing problems were related to more negativity toward their father and to receiving less warmth from their mother. Father's externalizing problems were linked to more negativity toward offspring. No associations were found between maternal and paternal internalizing problems and dyadic parent–offspring interactions, nor for maternal externalizing problems.ConclusionFindings support that psychological conditions of one family member have an impact on their social interactions within the family.ImplicationsSupporting families with interventions to improve parent–offspring interactions and (early) treatment of externalizing problems is recommended.
Using authentic doctor–patient consultations in improving communication skills
Authors: Yeh Meng , Hsu Wei‐li 
Published: February 2023

The ChallengeThere is an increasing interest in using authentic doctor–patient consultations as teaching materials for courses of languages for medical purposes. However, what is the effect of the instruction? How does the instruction adopt authentic consultations advance students' interpersonal communicative competence in medical settings? This paper aims to answer these questions.
Towards efficient N cycling in intensive maize: role of cover crops and application methods of digestate liquid fraction
Authors: Capra Federico , Abalos Diego , Maris Stefania Codruta , Ardenti Federico , Lommi Michela , Tabaglio Vincenzo , Fiorini Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDigestate, a by‐product of biogas production, is widely recognized as a promising renewable nitrogen (N) source with high potential to replace synthetic fertilizers. Yet, inefficient digestate use can lead to pollutant N losses as ammonia (NH3) volatilization, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and nitrate () leaching. Cover crops (CCs) may reduce some of these losses and recycle the N back into the soil after incorporation, but the effect on the N balance depends on the CC species. In a one‐year field study, we tested two application methods (i.e., surface broadcasting, BDC; and shallow injection, INJ) of the liquid fraction of separated co‐digested cattle slurry (digestate liquid fraction [DLF]), combined with different winter cover crop (CC) options (i.e., rye, white mustard or bare fallow), as starter fertilizer for maize. Later, side‐dressing with urea was required to fulfil maize N‐requirements. We tested treatment effects on yield, N‐uptake, N‐use efficiency parameters, and N‐losses in the form of N2O emissions and leaching. CC development and biomass production were strongly affected by their contrasting frost tolerance, with spring‐regrowth for rye, while mustard was winter killed. After the CCs, injection of DLF increased N2O emissions significantly compared with BDC (emission factor of 2.69% vs. 1.66%). Nitrous oxide emissions accounted for a small part (11%–13%) of the overall yield‐scaled N losses (0.46–0.97 kg N Mg grain−1). The adoption of CCs reduced fall leaching, being 51% and 64% lower for mustard and rye than under bare soil. In addition, rye reduced leaching during spring and summer after termination by promoting N immobilization, thus leading to −57% lower annual leaching losses compared with mustard. DLF application method modified N‐loss pathways, but not the cumulative yield‐scaled N losses. Overall, these insights contribute to inform an evidence‐based design of cropping systems in which nutrients are recycled more efficiently.
Cost‐effectiveness of a ‘Housing First’ programme implemented in Spain: An evaluation based on a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Martínez‐Cantos José‐Luis , Martín‐Fernández Juan‐Ángel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the last decades, Housing First model has become a feasible alternative to the traditional “staircase” systems in caring for the most vulnerable homeless people. The analysis that we present in this work is referred to Hábitat, a pioneering HF programme in Spain, which has been evaluated attending to both costs and outcomes. A randomised controlled trial was carried out and the collected data was explored through a Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis (CEA), including the estimation of Incremental Cost‐Effectiveness Ratios (ICER) and acceptability thresholds of the programme's spending. The results highlight the capacity of the programme to significantly improve the participants' life satisfaction levels, reduce the number of homeless nights, and increase the rate of institutional coverage. Even though the programme involves significant short‐term expenditure on accommodation, positive effects in net terms are demonstrated supporting the usefulness and viability of HF model.
Systematic literature review of the signs and symptoms of respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Colosia Ann , Costello Jessica , McQuarrie Kelly , Kato Kelly , Bertzos Kristi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for over 30 million lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and 3 million hospitalizations worldwide each year. Despite the risk RSV poses to young children, older adults, and individuals with comorbidities or suppressed immunity, there is limited understanding of RSV symptom presentation across these at‐risk groups, and there is no vaccine for RSV. We conducted two systematic literature reviews (SLRs) of studies that document signs and symptoms (S&S) of RSV in (1) children aged ≤5 years and (2) immunocompromised adolescents and adults, and adults at high risk for severe RSV due to age or comorbidities. Symptom duration and hospital length of stay (LOS) were explored. Electronic database searches were performed following PRISMA guidelines. Studies captured RSV S&S across community and hospital settings. Clinicians and caregivers reported (n = 25 studies) nasal discharge/congestion, cough, shortness of breath, feeding abnormalities, and fever in ≥40% of children across studies and settings. Median hospital stays for children ranged from 2 days in the United States to 7.5 days in China. High‐risk adults with RSV (n = 6 studies) commonly (≥40% of adults) reported cough, sputum, dyspnea, and fever/feverishness. Median length of hospital stay in adults ranged from 6 to 15 days across studies. Caregivers and clinicians reported similar RSV S&S in young children, including upper and lower respiratory and systemic symptoms. In high‐risk and immunocompromised adults, the most frequent (in multiple publications) and commonly reported RSV S&S were primarily LRTI symptoms. RSV symptoms could last for weeks and are variable based on geography.