bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irrigation Efficiency in Banana Crops in the Canary Islands
Authors: Santamarta Juan C. , Machín Noel , Cruz-Pérez Noelia 
Published: December 2022

Background:
When planning the use of available water resources and the hydraulic infrastructures needed to make them available to irrigators, it is important to know the water consumption of the different crops. In addition, it is interesting to know the agricultural practices used in each place, since cultural practices in agriculture have an important effect on the flows, when there is no specific study of the water needs of the crop under study.

Methods:
In order to obtain the data, surveys were conducted among irrigators in the area and for the crop to be studied. However, data collection is not a simple task, depending on the characteristics of the irrigation area studied. Irrigation of the plots is not always accounted for individually, or a study of the water needs of the crop has not always been done. In addition, it has been observed that cultural factors affect the way farmers irrigate.

Results:
The water consumption of banana plantations on the islands of Gran Canaria and Tenerife (Canary Islands) was determined in a field study. The results revealed similar consumption on both islands; however, the island of Gran Canaria showed lower water consumption in terms of banana irrigation. The uniformity coefficient was calculated for the island of Tenerife but not for the island of Gran Canaria, so the results could not be supported by this aspect of the agronomic calculation of irrigation efficiency.

Conclusion:
Knowledge of the agronomic and irrigation practices of the Canary Islands' main crop, bananas, is vital to improve water consumption data in the archipelago, where agriculture is the main water demander. In addition, a series of improvements within the irrigation network, as well as improvement in sustainability practices, such as the introduction of reclaimed water in irrigation on the islands, is considered vital in order to be more efficient with water use in a region so vulnerable to climate change.
Determinants of Medication Adherence among Jordanian Patients with End Stage Kidney Disease
Authors: Al-Sutari Manal M. , Abdelkader Raghad H. , Ababneh Nour H. 
Published: December 2022

Background

End stage kidney disease (ESKD) requires complex medical management. To ensure the success of management plan, patient’s adherence to medication is fundamental. However, adherence to medication is challenging for patients with ESKD.

Objective
This study aimed to describe adherence to medication and to identify demographic and clinical determinants in Jordanian patients with ESKD.

Methods
Cross-sectional correlational design was performed using a sample of 188 patients with ESKD who attended haemodialysis units in five hospitals in Amman between March and June 2021. Medication adherence was measured using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS).

Results
The mean age of the participants was 50.9 years (SD=15.64), more than half of the participants were males 109 (58.0%) and were non-smokers 115 (61.2%). The mean score of the MMAS was 5.18 (SD=2.024) which indicates high prevalence of inadequate adherence to medication. Younger age, longer duration on hemodialysis, and higher number of medications were risk factors for inadequate adherence to medication among patients with ESKD.

Conclusion
ESKD patients who are younger in age, have longer duration on hemodialysis, and have higher number of medications should be targeted as they have medication adherence challenges. Those patients should be taken into consideration when planning and developing interventions to enhance medication adherence in patients with ESKD.
A Solar, Thermal, and Piezoelectric Based Hybrid Energy Harvesting for
IoT and Underwater WSN Applications
Authors: Arora Suman , Nijhawan Geeta , Verma Gourav 
Published: December 2022

Background:
There has been an increasing interest in the research community regarding the development of new energy harvesting systems/architectures for sensor networks deployed at critical locations. Various types of energy harvesting techniques like solar, thermal, aquatic, and wind energy harvesting systems are popular in the research community. It has been found in a survey that a single energy harvesting technique is not enough for the wireless sensor network, especially when the nodes are deployed in critical areas, like volcanoes, underwater, ocean, rivers, etc.

Objective:
This study aimed to explore energy solutions for perpetual, battery-less, and critical places where human intervention is impossible.

Method:
In this study, a hybrid energy harvesting solution using solar, pressure, and thermal has been proposed. An optimized framework has been proposed, implemented, and analyzed for the underwater sensor network application. Furthermore, mechanical and electrical schematic models have been designed, implemented, and realized.

Result and Discussion:
The physical parameters of solar, thermal, and piezoelectrical transducers have been analyzed along with mathematical equations to find the best possible solutions for the optimized framework.

Conclusion:
The model was theoretically implemented and investigated, and it was found that 22.3KJ of energy can be extracted in 24hrs from the proposed design, which guarantees a perpetual life of the sensor node.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Fluorinated Heterocycles
Authors: Singh Ram , Prakash Chandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
The diverse biological applications of fluorinated heterocycles make them crucial chemical compounds. Several synthetic processes have been developed for their synthesis. Microwave-assisted synthesis has emerged as an important technique for generating fluorinated heterocycles in an eco-friendly and energy-efficient manner. It provides several benefits like less reaction time, high reaction yield, homogeneous heat distribution leading to lower side reaction, and better control of reaction temperature. Recently there has been significant progress in microwave use for heterocycle synthesis. This article discusses the applications of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing fluorinated heterocycles.
Temporal Variation in Abundance and Distribution of Butterflies in a Southern Nigerian National Park
Authors: Ojianwuna Chioma C. , Umoru Polycarp A. 
Published: December 2022

Aims:The aim of this study was to determine the butterfly diversity in Okomu National Park, Nigeria in order to make available information on butterfly species in this protected area.Background:Butterflies are a taxonomically important group for predicting the health of the environment.Objective:In order to establish butterfly abundance and distribution in Okomu National Park, a temporal variation study was conducted for a period of twenty-four months (July 2012 to June 2014).Methods:Eight transects (Disturbed habitat (DIS), Forest Edge/Plantation (FE/P), Moderately Open Forest (MOF), Forest Along Road/Moist Patches (FAR/MP), Riparian Habitat (RIP), Closed Canopy (CC), Shrub (SHR) and Grassland (GRA) were mapped out from the four ranges (Igwonwan, Arakhuan, Julius Creek and Babui) using visual level of disturbance and degree of canopy closure for transect walk, butterfly net and baited trap methods of butterfly sampling. Environmental variables (temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall) were concurrently sampled with butterflies.Results:A total of 143 species and 6,310 individuals of butterflies were obtained from the families; Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, and Hesperiidae. Nymphalid (3103: 49.2%) and Pieridae (2269: 36.0%) predominated and Hesperiidae was recorded lowest (8: 0.1%). Significant differences were observed in the abundance of butterflies in the transects (p< 0.05). Rainfall was positively correlated with butterfly abundance. Butterfly abundance was higher in rainy season compared to dry season except in RIP where a reverse trend was observed. Abundance was higher in FAR/MP (1633: 25.9%) and MOF (1251: 19.8%) compared to other transects, and was lowest in SHR (295: 4.7%).Conclusion:It can be concluded that butterflies in Okomu forest is abundant and stable, and as such continuous effort is required to conserve butterfly flora and fauna in this park.
Evaluasi Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru dalam Melaksanakan Kurikulum 2013 pada Pembelajaran Kelas IV di MI Yappi Gedad Playen Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Ikrimah Makzum , Afifah Ni'mah , Arifin Ahmad Syamsul 
Published: December 2022

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kualitas kompetensi pedagogoik guru dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 pada pembelajaran kelas IV di MI Yappy Gedad Playen kabupaten Gunungkidul tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan.</p><p>Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa guru kelas empat MI Yappi Gedad 1 memiliki kualitas kompetensi yang sudah baik dalam mengelola pembelajarannya. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan pemahaman guru terhadap peserta didik terkait kecerdasan, perkembangan kognitif, kondisi fisik dan lainnya, rancangan pembelajaran guru kelas tinggi yang sistematis dan memperhatikan kondisi pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang menerapkan metode mendidik dan menyenangkan serta memanfaatkan media yang dengan baik, dan evaluasi pembelajaran yang berstandar proses dan hasil belajar serta mengembangankan untuk mengaktualisasikan potensi peserta didik dalam berbagai kegiatan yang sesuai dengan potensinya. Dengan demikian, bahwa guru kelas IV, MI Yappi Gedad 1 memiliki kompetensi pedagogik yang baik sesuai dengan Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci : <em>Kompetensi Pedagogik , Guru Kelas IV, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Yappi Gedad</em></strong></p>
Evaluasi Implementasi Kurikulum Program Penjurusan Dengan Pendekatan Model Contex, Input, Process dan Output (CIPP) di MI Ma’arif Plus Kuncen Seloboro Salam Magelang
Authors: Romadhon Rohmad , Arifin Ahmad Syamsul 
Published: December 2022

<p><em>The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of implementing the </em><strong><em>Program Penjurusan</em></strong><em> curriculum at </em><em> Madrasah Ibtida'iyah Plus Kuncen. The researcher used Stufflebeam's CIPP evaluation model. Data collection techniques in this study include interviews, documentation, and observation. The data validity technique uses triangulation. Data analysis techniques include data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.</em></p><p><em>it is shown from the research</em><em> that </em><em>the implementation of the curriculum</em><em> </em><strong><em>Program Penjurusan</em></strong><em> </em><em>has been carried out properly and effectively, 1) In the context aspect, the basis for the preparation and purpose of implementing the curriculum of the majors program was in accordance with the applicable references. 2) The input aspect is appropriate because of the support from certified teachers. 3) In the aspect of the process, the implementation of learning has been guided by the implementation plan of learning and the assessment of student learning outcomes is appropriate, 4) Parents of students obtain reports on student learning outcomes and certificates of interest and talent.</em></p><p><em>Key words: Curriculum Evaluation, CIPP Evaluation Model, Program Penjurusan Curriculum</em></p>
Efektivitas Metode Kupas Rangkai Suku Kata dengan Media Kartu Huruf Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan pada Siswa Kelas I SD
Authors: Khalida Putri , Sari Indah Perdana 
Published: December 2022

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca permulaan dengan metode kupas rangkai suku kata (KRSK) pada siswa kelas I SDN 4 Bau-Bau. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan metode kuantitatif dimana desain yang digunakan adalah <em>Quasi Experiment (One Group PreTest Post Test Control Design), </em>serta dalam desain penelitian ini melibatkan dua kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yang nantinya akan menjadi pembanding untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas I SDN 4 BauBau yang terdiri dari kelas IA (kelompok eksperimen) yang berjumlah 21 siswa dan kelas IB (kelompok kontrol) dengan jumlah siswa 20. Pengujian validitas isi instrument pada penelitian menggunakan <em>expertsjudgement. </em>Sedangkan teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan mencari rerata. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000. Karena Sig. (2-tailed) = &lt; α = 0,05 maka H<sub>0 </sub>ditolak, penggunaan metode Kupas Rangkai Suku Kata (KRSK) dengan media huruf kata efektiv secara segnifikan dalam menigkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I SDN 4 Baubau. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh intervensi menggunakan metode KRSK dapat meningkatkan kemam puan membaca permulaan bagi anak kesulitan membaca di kelas I SDN 4 Baubau.</p>
Current Toponymic Problems (on the Materials of the two Scientific Events in 2021 in Simferopol and Moscow)
Authors: Gordova Yuliana , Kostovska Silviya , Barandeev Andrey , Herzen Olga , Polyakov Vladimir , Chepalyga Andrey , Herzen Andrey 
Published: December 2022

Employees of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and members of the Toponymical Commission of the Moscow City Branch of the Russian Geographical Society took part and acted as co-organizers of two important scientific events in 2021 dedicated to the study of toponymic problems – the scientific and practical conference “Historical toponyms are our common heritage” on July 28 in Simferopol, and the Moscow Onomastic Seminar on October 7 in Moscow. These events highlighted the range of the most pressing issues related to both the functioning of geographic names and the tasks that scientists, politicians and officials face in this respect, those being the preservation of historical place names of Crimea; place names in multinational regions; the consequences of toponymic repressions; the use of well-known toponymic bases when naming other objects; the importance of microtoponymy for landscape research; the dependence of a toponym spelling on the status of a geographical object; the choice between parallel names of one settlement; the difference in connotations of the same toponyms;
toponymic expeditions as a tool for solving etymological problems. On the one hand, the problems discussed determine the vector of modern place-name study development, on the other hand, they affect the adoption of successful state decisions.
The Influence of Ideal Political Views on the Perception of Various Leadership Roles
Authors: Shestopal Elena 
Published: December 2022

The paper is focused on Russian citizens’ ideal views on leaders playing different political roles. In the theoretical part of the paper the author analyses these ideal views in the context of various political, psychological and sociological concepts. The theoretical model is developed within the framework of political perception theory.
The basis for the empirical part of the paper was the study of an ideal leader’s image in the mass consciousness of the Russians, conducted in 2020 in 11 Russian regions. It studied the images of the ideal president, governor and deputy. This paper describes the results and compares the views on ideal political leaders playing different roles. The results of the study revealed differences and similarities in the ideal images of three types of leaders, showed the correlation between the ideal and the real images, demonstrated the persistence of ideal images in the dee­pest layers of Russian political culture, and the influence of these ideal images on the perception of real political leaders.
Nicotine Dependence among Smokers: A Community Based Study
Authors: Njattumkalayil Stanley Johns , John Nimmy Njattumkalayil , S Annapoorna , David Dharath 
Published: December 2022

Nicotine dependence is a challenging health problem present among smokers as it involves a compulsive use of a substance in spite of its known harmful effects. Hence, A community based cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of eight months from November 2020 to June 2021 in the selected smoking population of Raichur district. Data was collected using a pre structured questionnaire of the participants for age, gender, and socio- economic data. Informed consent was obtained from participants before study. Direct interview was conducted with patients using a questionnaire which contains three parts. Patient’s Nicotine dependence was assessed using scores obtained from each scale. Among 150 participants 142 (94.67%) patients were male and 8 (5.33%) patients were female. Participants under the age group of 41-60 years were more i.e. 51 (34%). It was observed that most of them were married. When taking account of education of the participants 55 (36.67%) were graduates, 34 (22.67%) were secondary educated and only 28 (18.67%) participants were illiterate. Most of the participants had occupations such as business 18%, agriculture 28%, employees 36.67% and only 16.67% were not having occupation. In the FTDN score 78 (52%) participants were having moderate nicotine dependence as in HIS dependence score shows more number of low Nicotine dependence i.e. 74 (49.33%). This study showed that most of the participants had low or moderate nicotine dependence. Hence it is needed to be continuously evaluated in order to reduce complications for major disease, premature death and improve the quality of life of the population.
Keywords: Tobacco smoking, Nicotine dependence, FTND, HSI.
‘Agua-Phobia’ a Necessary Prerequisite for Healing Psoriasis: Proof from Psorolin B
Authors: Aruna V , Amruthavalli GV , Gayathri R 
Published: December 2022

In the present paper we have described the importance of the degree of agua-phobia characteristics of Psorolin B ointment and how such formulation would exceptionally be useful in treating Psoriasis. The ecosystem outside of is high in water (in the form of humidity) and skin also has the property of excreting various waste metabolites through sweat which would eventually both hinder and remove water soluble constituents from skin easily whereas such removal would be low if the constituents are agua-phobic. Scientific aspects of the study methodology and findings are given in detail in the article.
Keywords: Agua-phobic, hyperkeratotic skin, red ochre, Wrightia tinctoria, boswellic acid
Formulation and Evaluation of Niosomal Gel of Antifungal Luliconazole
Authors: Mishra Shubham , Gupta Revathi A. 
Published: December 2022

Niosomes have potential applications in topical drug delivery system. Niosomes play an increasingly important role in drug delivery as they can reduce toxicity and modify pharmacokinetic and bio-availability. Topically applied niosomes can increase the residence time of drugs in the stratum corneum and epidermis, while reducing the systemic absorption of the drug. It can act as drug containing reservoirs and the modification of the vesicular compositions or surface properties can adjust the drug release rate and the affinity for the target site. Luliconazole is a potential prescription candidate drug for the treatment of topical fungal infections. However, it has water solubility and skin permeability limitations. To overcome these limitations, a niosomal gel of luliconazole was formulated using Span 60, cholesterol and chloroform to improve its bioavailability and to reduce its toxicity. Niosomes were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for morphological and spectral studies respectively. The formulations had ideal nanometric vesicle sizes, encapsulation efficiency (88.891% ± 0.0364%), Zeta potential (-40.1 mV), and storage instability was not observed. The sustained-release profile of niosomal gel was observed for up to 24 h. The highest R2 value was 0.913; the Higuchi model was considered the best fit model for the niosomal formulations. Based on the results, it can be concluded that niosomal luliconazole may enhance the activity of luliconazole against Candida albicans.
Keywords: Luliconazole, Niosomes, Transdermal drug delivery, Antifungal drugs, Candida albicans
Investigation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Tinospora cordifolia by In-vitro Methods
Authors: Khan Farheen , Jadon Arvind Singh , Bhadauriya Poonam 
Published: December 2022

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Tinospora Cordifolia were performed by In-vitro Methods. For this study stem of plant Tinospora cordifolia where collected and dried under shade. Morphological characteristics and Physio-chemical parameters of Tinospora cordifolia stem were investigated. Plant materials were extracted by Soxhlet extraction method then Pharmacognostical evaluation of extract was subjected to various phytochemical tests for preliminary identification of various phytoconstituents. The free radicals scavenging potential of standard and extract tested by DPPH method are depicted in with a characteristic absorption at 517nm. Effects of methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia was evaluated against gram positive (S. aureus) and gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria and antifungal activity was obtained against Candida Albicans and Aspergilus Niger. Antimicrobial activities were estimated by disk diffusion method. Antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract of stem of tinospora were evaluated in the term of zone of inhibition. Methanolic steam extract of Tinospora cordifolia was significantly against both gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). it was observed that the extract was not significantly effective against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, while, Methanolic stem extract of Tinospora cordifolia was more effective against Candida Albicans and A niger.
Keyword: Tinospora cordifolia, antioxidant, Antimicrobial,