bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NS5806 reduces carrageenan‐evoked inflammation by suppressing extracellular signal‐regulated kinase activation in primary sensory neurons and immune cells
Authors: Yang Po‐Yu , Tsaur Meei‐Ling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe compound NS5806 attenuates neuropathic pain via inhibiting extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) activation in neuronal somata located at the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and superficial spinal dorsal horn. NS5806 also reduces the expansion of DRG macrophages and spinal microglia several days after peripheral nerve injury, implying an anti‐inflammatory effect.MethodsTo test whether NS5806 inhibits inflammation, as a model we intraplantarly injected carrageenan into a hind paw of the rat. To examine whether NS5806 reduces carrageenan‐evoked mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and edema, as well as ERK activation in the nerve fibres, mast cells, and macrophages in the hind paw skin, we used behavioural, immunohistochemical, and cytological methods.ResultsNS5806 did not impair motor function, affect basal nociception, or cause edema in naive rats. Six hours after carrageenan injection, mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and edema appeared in the rat's ipsilateral hind paw, and all were reduced by intraplantar co‐injection of NS5806. NS5806 suppressed carrageenan‐evoked ERK activation in the peripheral axons and somata of L4 DRG neurons, as well as mast cells and macrophages in the paw skin. NS5806 also reduced carrageenan‐evoked mast cell degranulation and macrophage proliferation. NS5806 and the ERK pathway inhibitor PD98059 had a similar effect in inhibiting the proliferation of cultured RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, all the in vivo anti‐inflammatory effects of NS5806 were similar to those of PD98059.ConclusionsActing like an ERK pathway inhibitor, NS5806 reduces inflammation‐evoked mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and edema by suppressing ERK activation in primary sensory neurons, mast cells, and macrophages.SignificancePrevious studies show that NS5806 only acts on neurons. This report unveils that NS5806 also acts on immune cells in the skin to exert its anti‐inflammatory effects. Since NS5806 is lipid soluble for skin penetration, it suggests that NS5806 could also be developed into an anti‐inflammatory drug for external use.
A blockchain‐enabled solution to improve intra‐inter organizational innovation processes in software small medium enterprises
Authors: Gupta Chetna , Gupta Varun , Fernandez‐Crehuet Jose Maria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBesides the substantial advantages of adopting information and communication technologies (ICTs), software small medium enterprises (SSMEs) face major challenges largely connected to knowledge sharing, security, and management of data and information. The objective of this paper is to propose a platform backed with the advantages of blockchain technologies, allowing intra‐ and inter‐organizational knowledge and information sharing in SSMEs without losing control and ownership. Blockchain technology has the potential to bring about significant improvements in enhancing business models and processes wherein the authenticity of data is provided by smart contracts at every access point in a distributed information cycle in a transparent manner. The findings will support businesses in enhancing information flow, innovation, and competitive advantage in the current dynamic market. Unlike existing studies, which merely discuss the broader use of blockchain technology in the SSME domain, this paper provides a fresh promising direction in transforming SSMEs digitally.
Public health partner authorities—How a health in all policies approach could support the development of a wellbeing economy
Authors: Porcelli Amy , D'Onise Katina , Pontifex Katherine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedCollaboration and partnerships across sectors are critical to the realisation of a wellbeing economy. Wellbeing SA—a government agency in South Australia—utilises a partnership mechanism under the state's public health legislation to achieve collaborative action for improved population health and wellbeing: Public Health Partner Authorities (PHPAs).MethodsThe establishment and implementation of PHPAs draws strongly on the principles and practices of South Australia's Health in All Policies (HiAP) approach. This includes the utilisation of cross‐sectoral partnerships to facilitate the implementation of co‐design and co‐benefits principles to deliver policies that support improved population health and wellbeing, while simultaneously delivering other societal benefits. Partnerships also facilitate the sharing of knowledge and resources, and the creation of joint solutions to complex policy issues.ResultsPHPAs have been reported to offer a valuable, evidence‐based and practical mechanism for embedding key concepts of wellbeing into the policies, practices and programs of other sectors, and provide the potential as one important tool for the formation of a wellbeing economy.ConclusionsThe achievement of a wellbeing economy is dependent on collaboration within and between sectors, and through strong community engagement. Developing a joint and inclusive understanding of wellbeing and its importance as a societal goal is critical, and can only be achieved through collaborative approaches. The implementation of PHPAs in South Australia has demonstrated the importance of partnerships to address complex issues across sectors, and has identified key elements to successful partnerships.So What?South Australia's experience in implementing PHPAs and HiAP has demonstrated how health promotion practice, policy and research that incorporate successful partnerships can support high quality, effective intersectoral collaboration for the benefit of citizens, including some lessons that may be worth considering in the development and realisation of a wellbeing economy.
Machine‐learning model to delineate sub‐surface agricultural drainage from satellite imagery
Authors: Redoloza Fleford S. , Williamson Tanja N. , Headman Alexander O. , Allred Barry J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKnowing subsurface drainage (tile‐drain) extent is integral to understanding how landscapes respond to precipitation events and subsequent days of drying, as well as how soil characteristics and land management influence stream response. Consequently, a time series of tile‐drain extent would inform one aspect of land management that complicates our ability to explain streamflow and water‐quality as a function of climate variability or conservation management. We trained a UNet machine‐learning model, a convolutional neural network designed to highlight objects of interest within an image, to delineate tile‐drain networks in panchromatic satellite imagery without additional data on soils, topography, or historical tile‐drain extent. This was done by training the model to match the accuracy of human experts manually tracing the surface representation of tile drains in satellite imagery. Our approach began with a library of images that were used to train and quantify the accuracy of the model, with model performance tested on imagery from two areas that were not used to train the model. Satellite imagery included acquisition dates from 2008 to 2020. Training imagery was from agricultural areas within the US Great Lakes basin. Validation imagery was from the upper Maumee River, tributary to western Lake Erie, and an Indiana, Ohio‐River headwater tributary. Our analysis of the satellite imagery paired with meteorological and soil data found that during spring, a combination of relatively high solar radiation, intermediate soil‐water content and bare fields enabled the best model performance. Each area of interest was heavily tile‐drained, where better understanding the movement of water, nutrients, and sediment from fields to downstream water bodies is key to managing harmful algal blooms and hypoxia. The trained UNet model successfully identified tile drains visible in the validation imagery with an accuracy of 93%–96% and balanced accuracy of 52%–54%, similar to performance for training data (95% and 63%, respectively). Model performance will benefit from ongoing contributions to the training library.
Measuring Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow in Healthy Children: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Techniques
Authors: Zhao Moss Y. , Tong Elizabeth , Duarte Armindo Rui , Woodward Amanda , Yeom Kristen W. , Moseley Michael E. , Zaharchuk Greg 
Published: May 2023

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an important hemodynamic parameter to evaluate brain health. It can be obtained quantitatively using medical imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (PET). Although CBF in adults has been widely studied and linked with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, CBF data in healthy children are sparse due to the challenges in pediatric neuroimaging. An understanding of the factors affecting pediatric CBF and its normal range is crucial to determine the optimal CBF measuring techniques in pediatric neuroradiology. This review focuses on pediatric CBF studies using neuroimaging techniques in 32 articles including 2668 normal subjects ranging from birth to 18 years old. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus and reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA). We identified factors (such as age, gender, mood, sedation, and fitness) that have significant effects on pediatric CBF quantification. We also investigated factors influencing the CBF measurements in infants. Based on this review, we recommend best practices to improve CBF measurements in pediatric neuroimaging.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2
The research on temperature rising model and design optimization of heater in cell device
Authors: Li Haohao , Deng Yin , Wu Bo , Zuo Xiongcan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTheoretical models of temperature assessment are important to design a product in a low‐temperature field, and they can be used to predict the heating effects and optimize temperature uniformity to improve the display performance. In this paper, equations and finite element analysis model between temperature and time were built by heat transfer theory and experimental data. The errors between the calculated results of two models and the values measured in the lab are within ±1.5°C. The temperature uniformity was promoted by the results of Python simulation based on the finite element analysis model. Both two models could take on guidance for product design.
Cyanobacteria as a potential bioasset for restoring degraded land
Authors: Hooda Sunila , Malik Garima , Saini Poorvi , Grewall Ananya , Pandey Vimal Chandra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDegradation and pollution of land resources is a severe issue worldwide. Rapid urbanization and increased food demand have necessitated the restoration of degraded and highly contaminated land resources in a sustainable manner. The role of soil microorganism in maintaining nutrient balance, texture, fertility, and soil health is widely acknowledged. Cyanobacteria, one of the major components of soil microbiota, have been explored for their role as biofertilizers in improving plant growth and increasing soil fertility; however, less attention has been paid to their potential in restoring degraded lands. Cyanobacteria aids in nutrient cycling, production of plant growth‐promoting substances, desalination, and degradation of diverse organic as well as inorganic contaminants. They use diverse mechanisms for bioremediation (such as biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation) of contaminants in addition to the specific mechanism employed. They occur in symbiotic relationships with various hosts in natural as well as anthropogenically disturbed environments. Therefore, their use in restoration of highly degraded lands is justified and needs to be recognized worldwide. Identifying and exploring cyanobacterial species thriving in stress conditions and multiomics approaches would help in reconnoitering the complex plant–soil‐cyanobacteria interactions and enable scientists to design robust and well‐integrated biotechnological tools for soil remediation. Nevertheless, several technical challenges need to be addressed for rendering cyanobacteria as a realistic and viable bioasset. In this article, we summarize the role of cyanobacteria in addressing the reclamation of various types of degraded and polluted soils. And, it also examines the remaining knowledge gaps that limit its applicability in diverse environmental settings in a sustainable manner.
Recent Progress in Preparing Nonwoven Nanofibers via Needleless Electrospinning
Authors: Lee Jaeyu , Moon Seongjun , Lahann Joerg , Lee Kyung Jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectrospinning has received a lot of attention in recent years because it can create nonwoven nanofiber webs with high surface area and porosity. However, the typical needle and syringe‐based electrospinning systems feature poor productivity that has limited their usefulness in the industrial field. Here, current developments in the creation of nanofibers employing nonconventional electrospinning methods, such as needleless electrospinning and syringeless electrospinning, are examined. These alternate electrospinning techniques, which are dependent on numerous polymer droplets of varied shapes, have the potential to match the productivity required for industry‐scale manufacturing of nanofibers. Additionally, they make it possible to produce nanofibers that are difficult to spin using traditional techniques, like electrospinning of colloidal suspensions.
Mechanistic advances in osteoporosis and anti‐osteoporosis therapies
Authors: Wang Haiwei , Luo Yuchuan , Wang Haisheng , Li Feifei , Yu Fanyuan , Ye Ling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is a type of bone loss disease characterized by a reduction in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. With the intensification of global aging, this disease is now regarded as one of the major public health problems that often leads to unbearable pain, risk of bone fractures, and even death, causing an enormous burden at both the human and socioeconomic layers. Classic anti‐osteoporosis pharmacological options include anti‐resorptive and anabolic agents, whose ability to improve bone mineral density and resist bone fracture is being gradually confirmed. However, long‐term or high‐frequency use of these drugs may bring some side effects and adverse reactions. Therefore, an increasing number of studies are devoted to finding new pathogenesis or potential therapeutic targets of osteoporosis, and it is of great importance to comprehensively recognize osteoporosis and develop viable and efficient therapeutic approaches. In this study, we systematically reviewed literatures and clinical evidences to both mechanistically and clinically demonstrate the state‐of‐art advances in osteoporosis. This work will endow readers with the mechanistical advances and clinical knowledge of osteoporosis and furthermore present the most updated anti‐osteoporosis therapies.
Investigation of the Antiviral Effects of Saussurea lappa Root Extract against SARS‐CoV‐2 Virus
Authors: Ulbegi Polat Hivda , Serhatli Müge , Taş Ekiz Arzu , Abaci İrem , Aksoy Özge , Çakirca Gamze , Tekin Şaban , Al‐Zendani Abdulmajeed Aziz Hamoud , Al‐Zendani Mohammed Abdulmajeed Aziz , Korkmaz Ömer , Peru Celalettin 
Published: May 2023

ScopeThe purpose of this study was to look into the antiviral activity of a plant extract derived from the roots of the Saussurea lappa as a food supplement against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.Methods and resultsVero E6 cells are employed in the study to test the neutralizing effect of Saussurea lappa extract against the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus. For anti‐viral activity detection, a sensitive real‐time cell analyzer (xCELLigence RTCA) with a high repetition rate is used. A challenge experiment in mice is planned as a result of the in vitro analysis. A challenge test against SARS‐CoV‐2 is performed with 10 adult female K18‐hACE2 transgenic mice in each group for this purpose. The mice in the S. lappa Group are gavaged 2 days before the virus is administered intranasally (i.n.). The control group received PBS instead of the extract. SARS‐CoV‐2 virus is administered i.n. under anesthesia for the first 3 days of the experiment, and S. lappa extract was administered by gavage in the afternoon. On the 10th day, mice in the S. lappa group survived the study, whereas animals in the control group grew ill and/or died. In this study, the extract protects the mice against the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in 90% of the cases.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the Saussurea plant has antiviral effects against SARS‐CoV‐2 in vitro and in animal models.
A linear convex splitting scheme for the Cahn–Hilliard equation with a high‐order polynomial free energy
Authors: Lee Seunggyu , Yoon Sungha , Kim Junseok 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, we present an unconditionally energy stable linear scheme for the Cahn–Hilliard equation with a high‐order polynomial free energy. The classical Cahn–Hilliard equation does not satisfy the maximum principle; hence the order parameter can be shifted out of the minimum values of the double‐well potential. We adopt a high‐order polynomial potential to diminish this effect and employ the efficient linear convex splitting scheme. Since the stabilizing factor gradually increases as the degree of potential becomes greater, we modify a non‐physical part of potential as a fourth‐order polynomial to reduce the stabilizing factor. Numerical results as well as theoretical results demonstrate the accuracy and energy stability of our method. Furthermore, we verify that some limitations arising from applications of the classical Cahn–Hilliard model can be resolved by adopting a high‐order free energy.
A biocultural study of nasal fracture, violence, and gender using 19th–20th century skeletal remains from Portugal
Authors: Magalhães Bruno M. , Mays Simon , Stark Sarah , Santos Ana Luísa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNasal fracture is usually described as the most common type of fracture of the facial bones, either alone or associated with other fractures. This work aims to study the nasal fracture among Portuguese individuals from the 19th and 20th centuries. The focus is on patterning in trauma in relation to gender and in the attempt to distinguish violent from accidental injury. The sample comprises 2023 (52.6% males, 47.4% females) individuals from three Portuguese identified skeletal collections who were born between 1804 and 1951 and died between 1895 and 1969. Age at death ranges between 1 and 109 years old. Nasal and other facial fractures were studied, and violent versus accidental trauma were distinguished following Magalhães et al. (2020). Nasal fracture was more frequent in males (10.4%, 101/969) than in females (5.9%, 47/800). This was true both for fracture inferred due to violence (laterally deviated fracture) and due to accident. Sixty‐one point five percent (91/148) of the individuals show a lateral impact force deviation. Comminutions correspond to 18.4% (26/141) of the total, and 12.8% (19/148) have other facial fractures. There is no association between nasal fracture and risk of death for both sexes, but the males seem to show a higher tendency for nasal fracture earlier in life than the females. The differences of nasal fracture between sexes are in accordance with the historical data showing that men had more social and cultural opportunities to engage in violent encounters. Although the percentage in women is lower, the majority of laterally deviated noses and isolated, non‐comminuted nasal fractures in both sexes show that interpersonal violence may have played an important role in the results.
Body weight and fat trajectories of Black and White women in the first postpartum year
Authors: Wang Xuewen , Kishman Erin E. , Liu Jihong , Castleberry Lauren A. , McLain Alexander , Sparks Joshua R. , Cook James W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine changes in body weight and fat in Black and White women during the first postpartum year and to determine whether there is preferential retention of fat mass and abdominal fat.MethodsBody composition was quantified by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry in Black (n = 49) and White (n = 85) women at 6 to 8 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after delivery of a singleton infant.ResultsWeight, fat mass, percent body fat, and fat in the trunk, android, gynoid, and limb regions decreased from 6 to 8 weeks to 12 months in White women, but not in Black women (fat mass, adjusted mean [SE]: 29.6 [1.3] to 26.9 [1.3] kg in White women and 34.5 [1.5] to 36.8 [1.8] kg in Black women). In the entire sample, fat mass was higher at 6 months than at 6 to 8 weeks, independent of weight change; visceral fat was higher at 12 months (686 [45] g) than at 6 to 8 weeks (611 [42] g) and 6 months (626 [43] g); and android fat was higher at 12 months than at 6 months, independent of fat change.ConclusionsBlack women were less likely than White women to lose weight and fat in the postpartum period. There was preferential retention of fat in the abdominal area.
Family‐based weight stigma and psychosocial health: A multinational comparison
Authors: Lawrence Samantha E. , Puhl Rebecca M. , Watson Ryan J. , Schwartz Marlene B. , Lessard Leah M. , Foster Gary D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveFamily‐based weight stigma can be expressed as criticism, judgment, teasing, and mistreatment by family members because of an individual's body weight. The current study compared the prevalence and psychosocial correlates of family‐based weight stigma among adult members of a weight‐management program living in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the UK, and the US.MethodsParticipants (N = 8100 adults who reported having ever experienced weight stigma; 95% female; 94% White) completed an identical online survey in their country's dominant language that assessed their experiences of weight stigma from 16 different family member sources, as well as internalized weight bias, body image, eating behaviors, perceived stress, and self‐rated health.ResultsFamily‐based weight stigma, especially from mothers (49%‐62%), spouses/romantic partners (40%‐57%), and fathers (35%‐48%), was highly prevalent across countries. Weight stigma from one's immediate family members was associated with indices of poorer psychosocial health across the six countries (β coefficients = |0.08‐0.13|).ConclusionsFindings highlight the need for weight stigma‐reduction efforts to help family members distinguish between supportive, encouraging discourse and potentially weight‐stigmatizing communication. Future research should examine the prevalence and correlates of family‐based weight stigma in more diverse community samples, including among racially/ethnically and gender diverse adults, and in non‐Western countries.