bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palliative care needs and preferences of older adults with advanced or serious chronic illnesses and their families in rural communities of Indiana, USA
Authors: Lalani Nasreen , Hamash Kawther , Wang Yitong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo explore the palliative care needs and preferences of older adults with advanced or serious chronic illnesses and their families. Also, to propose strategies to promote supportive palliative care in the rural communities of Indiana, USA.MethodWe conducted qualitative interviews to gather rural caregivers’ experiences of palliative care. Recruitment was done in collaboration with community partners using social media, flyers, emails, invitations, and word‐of‐mouth. A purposive sample of family caregivers was obtained. All the interviews were conducted online. The average interview was 30‐45 minutes. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.FindingsOur findings showed 6 major themes that indicated several palliative care needs and preferences of older patients and their families in rural communities that include: (1) difficulties in pain and symptom burden; (2) perceived discrimination and lack of trust; (3) longer distances to care facilities; (4) difficult conversations; (5) caregiving burden; and (6) use of telehealth in a rural palliative care context.ConclusionRural family caregivers experience several social inequities and disparities causing a lack of access to and low utilization of palliative care. All these disparities cause several challenges for patients and their families trying to manage serious illnesses and die in place with peace and comfort. Inadequate access and lack of resources cause pain and distress for both patients and their families. Provider education and trainings, initiating early palliative care models, integrating behavioral health in palliative care, and using culturally congruent care delivery approaches in support of community partners can improve palliative care services in rural communities.
After the World's End, before the Resurrection: Thinking Mourning and Christian Hope after Jacques Derrida
Authors: Horton Sarah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn light of Jacques Derrida's writings on death and mourning, it may seem that the Christian teaching that the dead will be raised is a betrayal of others, a failure to take up one's responsibility to testify to those who have died. In conversation with Emmanuel Falque's work on finitude, Martin Heidegger's reading of 1 Thessalonians, and Søren Kierkegaard's reading of Abraham, I respond in two movements to this objection to faith that God will raise the dead. First, I propose that even for the Christian, the death of the other remains a loss, since the Christian must surrender the other to God. It is, however, this very surrender of the other to God that seems to be an abdication of responsibility. Second, therefore, I argue that faith in the resurrection decenters the self and challenges our understanding of responsibility even more than does Derrida's own analysis. Faith, I conclude, means giving up the desire to cling to one's own responsibility.
High Endplate Hounsfield Units Value Indicate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Following Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery
Authors: Zheng Huo‐Liang , Li Bo , Song Shao‐Kuan , Jiang Lei‐Sheng , Zheng Xin‐Feng , Jiang Sheng‐Dan 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveLumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is a common cause of low back pain and disability, and its prevalence increases with age. The aim of this study is to investigate whether endplate Hounsfield unit (HU) values have an effect on lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery in patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis.MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent TLIF surgery in January 2016 to October 2019. One hundred and fifty‐seven patients who underwent TLIF surgery for degenerative lumbar stenosis were enrolled in this study. Demographic data was recorded. VAS and ODI values were compared to assess the surgical outcomes in patients with or without process of LDD after TLIF surgery. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate associations between LDD and endplate HU value. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to study relationships between the DDD and the multiple risk factors.ResultsThere was a statistically significant correlation between LDD, body mass index (BMI), age, paraspinal muscle atrophy, and total endplate scores (TEPS). Also, a strong and independent association between endplate HU value and LDD was found at every lumbar disc level (p < 0.01). After conditioning on matching factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher endplate HU (odds ratio [OR]: 1.003, p = 0.003), higher TEPS (OR: 1.264, p = 0.002), higher BMI (odds ratio [OR]: 1.202, p = 0.002), a smaller cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the paraspinal muscle preoperatively (OR: 0.096, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of LDD development after TLIF surgery.ConclusionsThere is a significant association between LDD and endplate HU value after TLIF surgery in patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis. Beyond that, results from this study provide a mechanism by which high endplate HU value predisposes to LDD after TLIF surgery.
Three‐Dimensional Printed Plate Template Versus Hemipelvis Model in Patient‐Specific Plate Preparation for Posterior Wall Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Chen Jianan , Zheng Yifan , Zhou Wei , Qian Shenglong , Chen Yu , Cheng Yipeng , Wang Guodong , Cai Xianhua , Liu Ximing 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThe application of three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology in the management of posterior wall acetabular fractures can greatly reduce surgical invasiveness and operative time and simplify the procedure of reconstruction plate contouring, but the cost and time of patient‐specific plate preparation on the basis of traditional 3D‐printed pelvis model should not be neglected. We described a new method for patient‐specific plate preparation by using 3D‐printed plate template. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of the 3D‐printed plate template in patient‐specific plate preparation for posterior wall acetabular fractures.MethodsA total of 65 cases of posterior wall acetabular fractures with surgical treatment from December 2012 to December 2020 were chosen. According to the different plate contouring methods, the 65 cases were divided into three groups, which were group A (21 cases), group B (20 cases), and group C (24 cases). In group A, the 3D‐printed plate template was used to contour the patient‐specific reconstruction plate before surgery, whereas the 3D‐printed hemipelvis model was adopted for group B. In group C, the reconstruction plate was contoured intraoperatively. Among the three groups, the instrumentation time, surgical time, blood loss, patient‐specific plate preparation time, complications, reduction quality, and hip function were compared. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze the reduction quality and hip function among three groups.ResultsIn comparison with group C, patients in groups A and B were featured by obviously shorter instrumentation time (−22, −23 min), shorter surgical time (−46, −44 min), and less intraoperative blood loss (−110, −122 mL). Compared to the hemipelvis model in group B (2.29 ± 0.56 vs. 12.70 ± 3.79 days), the 3D printing time for plate templates in group A was significantly shorter. The reduction quality and hip function had no obvious statistical difference among the three groups. The complication rate within group A (3/21) and group B (3/20) were both slightly lower than group C (5/24), with no obvious difference.ConclusionsBoth the patient‐specific pre‐contoured plate fixation methods based on the 3D‐printed hemipelvis model and plate template can achieve satisfactory clinical efficacy, with the advantage of shorter instrumentation and surgical time, and less intraoperative blood loss. However, 3D printing of plate template is easier and less time‐consuming, considering the shorter time and less cost for 3D printing of physical model.
Flexible specification testing in quantile regression models
Authors: Kutzker Tim , Klein Nadja , Wied Dominik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe propose three novel consistent specification tests for quantile regression models which generalize former tests in three ways. First, we allow the covariate effects to be quantile‐dependent and nonlinear. Second, we allow parameterizing the conditional quantile functions by appropriate basis functions, rather than parametrically. We are thereby able to test for general functional forms, while retaining linear effects as special cases. In both cases, the induced class of conditional distribution functions is tested with a Cramér–von Mises type test statistic for which we derive the theoretical limit distribution and propose a bootstrap method. Third, a modified test statistic is derived to increase the power of the tests. We highlight the merits of our tests in a detailed MC study and two real data examples. Our first application to conditional income distributions in Germany indicates that there are not only still significant differences between East and West but also across the quantiles of the conditional income distributions, when conditioning on age and year. The second application to data from the Australian national electricity market reveals the importance of using interaction effects for modeling the highly skewed and heavy‐tailed distributions of energy prices conditional on day, time of day and demand.
A nested semiparametric method for case‐control study with missingness
Authors: Zhao Ge , Ma Yanyuan , Hasler Jill Schnall , Damrauer Scott , Levin Michael , Chen Jinbo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe propose a nested semiparametric model to analyze a case‐control study where genuine case status is missing for some individuals. The concept of a noncase is introduced to allow for the imputation of the missing genuine cases. The odds ratio parameter of the genuine cases compared to controls is of interest. The imputation procedure predicts the probability of being a genuine case compared to a noncase semiparametrically in a dimension reduction fashion. This procedure is flexible, and vastly generalizes the existing methods. We establish the root‐ asymptotic normality of the odds ratio parameter estimator. Our method yields stable odds ratio parameter estimation owing to the application of an efficient semiparametric sufficient dimension reduction estimator. We conduct finite sample numerical simulations to illustrate the performance of our approach, and apply it to a dilated cardiomyopathy study.
Interdependence and multilateral economic sanctions
Authors: Jin Yuying , Meng Xue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultilateral economic sanctions jointly sent by the United States and its allies were studied theoretically and quantitatively. Theory provides an interdependence explanation for the current trend in economic sanctions, arguing that it constitutes an inherent motivation for the United States and its allies to act in concert to maintain the current ‘unipolar’ situation and to impede the development of any ‘multipolar’ alternative. Quantitatively, a computable general equilibrium model simulating the impact of the multilateral trade sanctions imposed in response to the Russia–Ukraine conflict was evaluated to support the interdependence view of economic sanctions. The results suggest that the interdependencies among the United States and its allies would be strengthened by sanctions, especially at the production end. By contrast, economic sanctions weaken the interdependencies between the sanction target and sanction senders, as well as between the sanction target and other major economies. The interdependencies between sanction target and world's major economies tend to be simplified, indicating a weakened role of sanction target in the global economic development.
Cortico‐cortical paired associative stimulation conditioning superficial ventral premotor cortex–primary motor cortex connectivity influences motor cortical activity during precision grip
Authors: Casarotto Andrea , Dolfini Elisa , Fadiga Luciano , Koch Giacomo , D'Ausilio Alessandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and primary motor cortex (M1) represent critical nodes of a parietofrontal network involved in grasping actions, such as power and precision grip. Here, we investigated how the functional PMv–M1 connectivity drives the dissociation between these two actions. We applied a PMv–M1 cortico‐cortical paired associative stimulation (cc‐PAS) protocol, stimulating M1 in both postero‐anterior (PA) and antero‐posterior (AP) directions, in order to induce long‐term changes in the activity of different neuronal populations within M1. We evaluated the motor‐evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, MEP latency and cortical silent period, in both PA and AP, during the isometric execution of precision and power grip, before and after the PMv–M1 cc‐PAS. The repeated activation of the PMv–M1 cortico‐cortical network with PA orientation over M1 did not change MEP amplitude or cortical silent period duration during both actions. In contrast, the PMv–M1 cc‐PAS stimulation of M1 with an AP direction led to a specific modulation of precision grip motor drive. In particular, MEPs tested with AP stimulation showed a selective increase of corticospinal excitability during precision grip. These findings suggest that the more superficial M1 neuronal populations recruited by the PMv input are involved preferentially in the execution of precision grip actions.
imageKey points
Ventral premotor cortex (PMv)–primary motor cortex (M1) cortico‐cortical paired associative stimulation (cc‐PAS) with different coil orientation targets dissociable neural populations.
PMv–M1 cc‐PAS with M1 antero‐posterior coil orientation specifically modulates corticospinal excitability during precision grip.
Superficial M1 populations are involved preferentially in the execution of precision grip.
A plasticity induction protocol targeting the specific PMv–M1 subpopulation might have important translational value for the rehabilitation of hand function.
Numerical Simulation of Free Surface Water Waves Around Wavy Hydrofoils: Prediction of Hydrodynamic Coefficients Using Machine Learning
Authors: Tavakoli Ali , Roohi Ehsan , Namaghi Mohammad Sanaee 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study uses computational methods to investigate the fluid flow characteristics around a wavy NACA 63(4)-021 hydrofoil near the water surface. It introduces notable contributions to the literature on sinusoidal edge hydrofoils by examining the behavior of this specific hydrofoil configuration close to the water surface, a previously unexplored aspect. Furthermore, the study presents a comprehensive review and analysis of various machine learning (ML) techniques applied to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental data, offering a novel approach in this field. The three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations are solved using an implicit finite volume approach to simulate the turbulent flow around the hydrofoil near the free surface. The realizable k–ε turbulence model accounts for turbulent flow effects at varying submergence depths. Four machine learning models in Python are developed to predict lift and drag coefficients. Evaluation of these models on training and test datasets reveals that xgboost achieves the highest accuracy, with an impressive R2 score of 0.9775 on the test dataset. Therefore, xgboost is recommended as the optimal model for future applications in this context. The study's findings are presented for the wavy hydrofoil at three submergence depths and three angles of attack (AOA). Key results include wave profiles, magnitudes, total pressure contours around the hydrofoil and free surface, and pressure, lift, and drag coefficients. The accuracy of the numerical simulations is validated by comparing the results with available experimental data, demonstrating good agreement between the two.
Evaluation of the Performance of Twin Rotor Vertical Axis Wind Turbines Employing Large Eddy Simulations
Authors: Sree Raj V. , Solanki Rutvik S. , Chalamalla Vamsi K. , Sinha Sawan S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The current strong global consensus on reducing carbon emissions is a motivation to develop more efficient means of harnessing sustainable sources of energy. Accordingly, research efforts toward the development of more efficient wind turbine designs are desirable. With this motivation, we present a set of numerical studies on flows past vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs). We perform large eddy simulations (LES) of flows past several VAWT configurations. A uniform inflow is set for our simulations. The influence of turbine blades on the flow field is modeled using the actuator line method (ALM). Our focus is on a twin rotor configuration, wherein the rotors are placed close enough, so that the separation between the centers of the two rotors is less than the diameter of the two individual turbines (the overlapping configuration). We demonstrate that such a configuration indeed results in (a) the enhanced power coefficient (ratio of power extracted by the turbine configuration to the power available in the freestream) and (b) better power density (power extracted by a turbine configuration per unit ground area occupied by the VAWT) compared to a single rotor VAWT configuration. Based on our findings, we conclude that the overlapping twin rotor arrangement can prove to be the preferred configuration for large-scale VAWT-based wind farms.
Peak Running Demands in Elite Women’s Rugby Sevens and Rugby Union Match Play: A Comparative Study
Authors: Couderc Anthony , Lacome Mathieu , Cheradame Jeremy , Carling Christopher , Piscione Julien 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: In women’s rugby, players regularly interchange between the rugby sevens (R7) and rugby union (RU) formats. Yet, the game demands and particularly the physical aspects respective to both formats vary and players must be able to respond accordingly. The aim of this study was to compare peak running demands in R7 and RU players. Methods: A total of 51 international women players participated. HSBC World Sevens Series (n = 19) and Six Nations Rugby Union tournament matches (n = 10) were analyzed for a total of 437 individual match observations. Global positioning systems were utilized to measure total (in meters) and high-speed (above 16 km·h−1, in meters) distance and frequency of accelerations (above 2.5 m·s−2, n) during different rolling-average periods (1–7 min) to obtain peak running activity values. Power law modeling was used to obtain slope and intercept. For all variables, peak values and the value at the 90th percentile (P90) were analyzed. Results: No intercept difference (P = .25; −0.12 ± 0.17) was observed between formats for total distance (161 vs 155 m·min−1). In contrast, R7 players reported a higher intercept (P = .01; −0.29 ± 0.17) for high-speed distance (66 vs 51 m·min−1), while the intercept was higher (P = .01; 0.31 ± 0.20) in RU for accelerations performed (6.1 vs 5.4 n·min−1). Regarding P90, higher values (P < .001) were observed in R7 for total and high-speed distance and accelerations. Conclusions: While peak overall intensity was similar, P90 on the high-speed spectrum was higher in R7. Information on the most demanding match-play periods specific to both women’s rugby formats can inform training specificity by tailoring sessions to ensure sufficient exposure to these peak demands and, consequently, aid transitioning between formats.
Complete genome sequence of
Rhizobium leguminosarum
bv. viciae SRDI969, an acid-tolerant, efficient N
2
-fixing microsymbiont of
Vicia faba
Authors: Kohlmeier MacLean G. , Farquharson Elizabeth A. , Ballard Ross A. , O’Hara Graham W. , Terpolilli Jason J. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome sequence of
Rhizobium leguminosarum
bv. viciae SRDI969, an acid-tolerant, efficient nitrogen-fixing microorganism of
Vicia faba
. The 6.8 Mbp genome consists of a chromosome and four plasmids, with the symbiosis and nitrogen fixation genes encoded on the chromosome.
Effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients under general anaesthesia: an updated meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Zhao Weihong , Li Jianli , Wang Na , Wang Zhibin , Zhang Meng , Zhang Huanhuan , Liu Meinv , He Jinhua , Yu Dongdong 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo explore the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adult patients after general anaesthesia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of DEX with placebo or a single drug on PONV in adult patients after general anaesthesia.Data sourcesWe searched the PubMed, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Embase (1 January 2000 to 30 June 2022) to select the relevant RCTs.Data analysisAll the relevant data were analysed by using RevMan V.5.4. Heterogeneity was tested for each outcome, and random-effect or fixed-effect models was selected according to the level of heterogeneity. The primary outcome was the incidence of PONV. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of bradycardia, perioperative opioid consumption, extubation time and the length of hospitalisation.ResultsA total of 18 trials involving 2018 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Notably, 15 updated studies were not involved in the previous meta-analysis. The incidence of PONV in DEX group was lower than that in the control group (OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.67) and the perioperative opioid consumption in DEX group was also decreased significantly (standard mean difference (SMD)=−1.04, 95% CI: −1.53 to −0.54). Moreover, the length of hospitalisation (SMD=−2.29, 95% CI: −4.31 to −0.28) and the extubation time (SMD=−0.75, 95% CI: −1.26 to −0.25) in DEX group were shorter. Whereas, more number of patients receiving DEX might increase the occurrence of bradycardia (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.27).ConclusionsDEX could decrease the occurrence of PONV in adult patients under general anaesthesia and promote the recovery after surgery. However, DEX might increase the occurrence of bradycardia.PROSPERO registration numberCRD 42022341548.