bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Emerging Nanozyme Class for à la carte Enzymatic‐Like Activities based on Protein‐Metal Nanocluster Hybrids
Authors: López‐Domene Rocío , Vázquez‐Díaz Silvia , Modin Evgenii , Beloqui Ana , Cortajarena Aitziber L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, the goal is to fabricate robust and highly efficient peroxidase‐like nanozymes that can ultimately be assembled into films for their easy reuse in catalytic cycles. Nanozymes are designed by mimicking the strategy adopted by metalloproteins to accommodate metal cofactors within their protein structure. The engineered consensus tetratricopeptide repeat (CTPR) protein module is selected as the scaffold to guide the growth and the stabilization of a library of in situ synthesized metal nanoclusters. A deep investigation of the interplay between the composition and function of the nanozymes reveals the impact of the protein templates and nanocluster composition on the peroxidase‐like activity of the hybrids. Moreover, among a total of 24 hybrids, a top‐performing nanozyme results from the growth of Au/Pt bimetallic nanoclusters on a CTPR protein with engineered histidine coordination sites. These nanozymes exhibit improved thermostability and resistance to hydrogen peroxide compared to natural peroxidases like horseradish peroxidase. Finally, it shows the easy fabrication of nanozyme composite films guided throughout the intrinsic self‐assembling properties of the CTPR scaffold. These heterogeneous solid materials are reused in several reaction cycles without significant loss of the catalytic performance, proving these protein‐templated nanozymes as an advantageous alternative to natural enzymes.
High‐Sensitivity Flexible Thermocouple Sensor Arrays Via Printing and Photonic Curing
Authors: Mallick Md Mofasser , Franke Leonard , Rösch Andres Georg , Hussein Mohamed , Long Zhongmin , Eggeler Yolita M. , Lemmer Uli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite remarkable advances, high‐performance thermoelectric (TE) materials‐based thermocouples (TCs) lack mechanical robustness and flexibility. Hence, conventional low Seebeck coefficient metals (Ni, Cu, Fe) wire‐junction‐based TCs are used for temperature sensor applications. However, not only the sensitivity of the metal‐based TC sensor is low, but also it is very difficult to fabricate a pixelated sensor using the conventional approach. In this study, high‐performance (SbBi)2(TeSe)3‐based printed flexible TE materials are employed to fabricate two types of shape‐conformable TC‐based temperature sensor arrays with 25 pixels (TSA I and TSA II). Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3‐based p‐type (p‐BST) printed TE film and copper are used to fabricate TSA I, and the p‐type film together with the Bi2Te2.7Se0.3‐based n‐type (n‐BT) film is used to fabricate TSA II. A high average sensitivity (Sexp) value of ≈124 µV °C−1 for TSA I and ≈319 µV °C−1 for TSA II is attained with high linearity.
Cell Shape and Forces in Elastic and Structured Environments: From Single Cells to Organoids
Authors: Link Rabea , Weißenbruch Kai , Tanaka Motomu , Bastmeyer Martin , Schwarz Ulrich S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the advent of mechanobiology, cell shape and forces have emerged as essential elements of cell behavior and fate, in addition to biochemical factors such as growth factors. Cell shape and forces are intrinsically linked to the physical properties of the environment. Extracellular stiffness guides migration of single cells and collectives as well as differentiation and developmental processes. In confined environments, cell division patterns are altered, cell death or extrusion might be initiated, and other modes of cell migration become possible. Tools from materials science such as adhesive micropatterning of soft elastic substrates or direct laser writing of 3D scaffolds have been established to control and quantify cell shape and forces in structured environments. Herein, a review is given on recent experimental and modeling advances in this field, which currently moves from single cells to cell collectives and tissue. A very exciting avenue is the combination of organoids with structured environments, because this will allow one to achieve organotypic function in a controlled setting well suited for long‐term and high‐throughput culture.
Controlling Solvation and Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase Formation to Enhance Lithium Interfacial Kinetics at Low Temperatures
Authors: Yoon Sun Geun , Cavallaro Kelsey Anne , Park Byoung Joon , Yook Hyunwoo , Han Jeong Woo , McDowell Matthew T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOperation of lithium‐based batteries at low temperatures (<0 °C) is challenging due to transport limitations as well as sluggish Li+ kinetics at the electrode interface. The complicated relationships among desolvation, charge transfer, and transport through the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at low temperatures are not well understood, hindering electrolyte development. Here, an ether/hydrofluoroether and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC)‐based ternary solvent electrolyte is developed to improve Li cycling at low temperatures (Coulombic efficiency of 93.3% at ‐40 °C), and the influence of the local solvation structure on interfacial Li+ kinetics and SEI chemistry is further revealed. The hydrofluoroether cosolvent allows for modulation of the solvation structure, thereby enabling facile Li+ desolvation while forming an inorganic‐rich SEI, which are both beneficial for lowering Li+ kinetic barriers at the interface. This cosolvent also increases the oxidative stability of the electrolyte to over 4.0 V versus Li/Li+, thereby enabling cycling of NMC‐based full cells at −40 °C. This study advances the understanding of the influence of Li+ solvation structure, SEI chemistry, and interfacial Li+ kinetics on Li electrochemistry at low temperatures, providing new design considerations for creating effective low‐temperature electrolyte systems.
Ultrathin Conductive Bithiazole‐Based Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Electrochemical Biosensing
Authors: Wei Wenbo , Zhou Shenghua , Ma Dong‐Dong , Li Qing , Ran Maoyin , Li Xiaofang , Wu Xin‐Tao , Zhu Qi‐Long 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) with unique structural merits show substantial potential in the construction of biosensors. However, high‐performance COF‐based biosensors have rarely been reported due to special requirements for electrochemical biosensing. Here, the ultrathin nitrogen and sulfur‐rich bithiazole‐based COF nanosheets (COF‐Bta‐NSs) with the thickness of ≈1.95 nm are developed by using an interfacial perturbation growth strategy, and are further integrated with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) through strong supramolecular interactions to construct a high‐performance biosensor for organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) detection. By virtue of the excellent electrical conductivity and abundant edge unsaturated sites of COF‐Bta‐NSs, such unique biosensors can be used for the detection of various OPs, showing a wide detection range, ultralow detection limit, and high stability. Significantly, the portable biosensing device is further set up based on commercialized screen‐printed electrode (SPE), which is sensitive and reliable with the actual samples collected from river water and leafy vegetables, confirming the practical applicability. This research provides a novel insight into the development of advanced COF‐based biosensors with excellent performance for biological and environmental analysis.
Liquid Crystal Materials for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Zhang Zhuohao , Yang Xinyuan , Zhao Yuanjin , Ye Fangfu , Shang Luoran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLiquid crystal is a state of matter being intermediate between solid and liquid. Liquid crystal materials exhibit both orientational order and fluidity. While liquid crystals have long been highly recognized in the display industry, in recent decades, liquid crystals provide new opportunities into the cross‐field of material science and biomedicine due to their biocompatibility, multifunctionality, and responsiveness. In this review, the latest achievements of liquid crystal materials applied in biomedical fields are summarized. The start is made by introducing the basic concepts of liquid crystals, and then shifting to the components of liquid crystals as well as functional materials derived therefrom. After that, the ongoing and foreseeable applications of liquid crystal materials in the biomedical field with emphasis put on several cutting‐edge aspects, including drug delivery, bioimaging, tissue engineering, implantable devices, biosensing, and wearable devices are discussed. It is hoped that this review will stimulate ingenious ideas for the future generation of liquid crystal‐based drug development, artificial implants, disease diagnosis, health status monitoring, and beyond.
Surface Restructuring of Zeolite‐Encapsulated Halide Perovskite to Activate Lattice Oxygen Oxidation for Water Electrolysis
Authors: Ren Xiangrong , Zhai Yiyue , Wang Peijun , Xu Zhuo , Gao Shiqin , Chen Xiao , Gu Qinfen , Wang Bolun , Li Jiyang , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal‐halide perovskites possess great potential for electrochemical water splitting that has not been realized due to their intolerance to water. Here, methylammonium lead halide perovskites (MAPbX3) are used to electrocatalyze water oxidation in aqueous electrolytes by creating MAPbX3@AlPO‐5 host–guest composites. Due to the protective feature of the zeolite matrix, halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) confined in aluminophosphate AlPO‐5 zeolites achieve an excellent stability in water. The resultant electrocatalyst undergoes dynamic surface restructuring during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with the formation of an edge‐sharing α‐PbO2 active layer. The existence of charge‐transfer interactions at the MAPbX3/α‐PbO2 interface significantly modulates the surface electron density of the α‐PbO2 and optimizes the adsorption free energy of oxygen‐containing intermediate species. Furthermore, the soft‐lattice nature of halide perovskites enables more facile triggering of lattice‐oxygen oxidation of nanostructured α‐PbO2, exhibiting pH‐dependent OER activity and non‐concerted proton‐electron transfer for MAPbX3@AlPO‐5 composite. As a result, the developed MAPbBr3@AlPO‐5 composite manifests an ultralow overpotential of 233 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH. These findings offer facile access to halide perovskite applied to water electrolysis with enhanced intrinsic activity, providing a new paradigm for designing high‐efficiency OER electrocatalysts.
Formation of Amorphous Iron‐Calcium Phosphate with High Stability
Authors: Chen Song , Liu Dachuan , Fu Le , Ni Bing , Chen Zongkun , Knaus Jennifer , Sturm Elena V. , Wang Bohan , Haugen Håvard Jostein , Yan Hongji , Cölfen Helmut , Li Bin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmorphous iron‐calcium phosphate (Fe‐ACP) plays a vital role in the mechanical properties of teeth of some rodents, which are very hard, but its formation process and synthetic route remain unknown. Here, the synthesis and characterization of an iron‐bearing amorphous calcium phosphate in the presence of ammonium iron citrate (AIC) are reported. The iron is distributed homogeneously on the nanometer scale in the resulting particles. The prepared Fe‐ACP particles can be highly stable in aqueous media, including water, simulated body fluid, and acetate buffer solution (pH 4). In vitro study demonstrates that these particles have good biocompatibility and osteogenic properties. Subsequently, Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is utilized to consolidate the initial Fe‐ACP powders. The results show that the hardness of the ceramics increases with the increase of iron content, but an excess of iron leads to a rapid decline in hardness. Calcium iron phosphate ceramics with a hardness of 4 GPa can be achieved, which is higher than that of human enamel. Furthermore, the ceramics composed of iron‐calcium phosphates show enhanced acid resistance. This study provides a novel route to prepare Fe‐ACP, and presents the potential role of Fe‐ACP in biomineralization and as starting material to fabricate acid‐resistant high‐performance bioceramics.
Multifunctional and High‐Performance FAPBI3 Quantum Dots/Graphene UV Photodetectors by the Modulation of Photoconductivity
Authors: Shen Jun‐Hao , Yu Xiu‐Qi , Tu Wei‐Chen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLow‐dimensional devices with different photoconductive effects attract much attention in optoelectronics. In this work, negative photoconductivity (NPC) monolayer graphene photodetectors are fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and a positive photoconductivity (PPC) photodetector is realized by decorating perovskite FAPbI3 quantum dots prepared by a simple and cost‐effective non‐polar solvent synthesis method on a graphene surface. The graphene‐based photodetector exhibits an NPC characteristic, which is attributed to the absorption and desorption of water molecules on the graphene surface. The responsivity of the photodetector with an NPC characteristic is −0.86 A W−1 under intense ultraviolet light irradiation, and the detectivity is −2.45 × 109 Jones. The FAPbI3 quantum dots/graphene photodetector with a PPC feature has a responsivity of 8.03 A W−1 and a detectivity of 1.89 × 1010 Jones under the irradiation of ultraviolet light of 365 nm and 55.3 mW cm−2 intensity. Due to the intense light absorption of perovskite combined with the extremely high mobility of graphene, photodetectors have high exciton separation and photocurrents when the devices are irradiated by ultraviolet light. Individual photodetectors are successfully created with NPC and PPC effects; the critical analysis for the different photoconductive mechanisms is provided, which will benefit the development of future multifunctional systems.
Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Nylon‐6 Precursor at Almost 100 % Yield
Authors: Wu Yandong , Chen Wei , Jiang Yimin , Xu Yanzhi , Zhou Bo , Xu Leitao , Xie Chao , Yang Ming , Qiu Mengyi , Wang Dongdong , Liu Qie , Liu Qinghua , Wang Shuangyin , Zou Yuqin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSynthesis of cyclohexanone oxime via the cyclohexanone‐hydroxylamine process is widespread in the caprolactam industry, which is an upstream industry for nylon‐6 production. However, there are two shortcomings in this process, harsh reaction conditions and the potential danger posed by explosive hydroxylamine. In this study, we presented a direct electrosynthesis of cyclohexanone oxime using nitrogen oxides and cyclohexanone, which eliminated the usage of hydroxylamine and demonstrated a green production of caprolactam. With the Fe electrocatalysts, a production rate of 55.9 g h−1 gcat−1 can be achieved in a flow cell with almost 100 % yield of cyclohexanone oxime. The high efficiency was attributed to their ability of accumulating adsorbed hydroxylamine and cyclohexanone. This study provides a theoretical basis for electrocatalyst design for C−N coupling reactions and illuminates the tantalizing possibility to upgrade the caprolactam industry towards safety and sustainability.
Study on the thermal transformation of basic components of wind turbine blade
Authors: Ge Lichao , Jiang Han , Feng Hongcui , Xu Chunyao , Lu Yanning , Li Xi , Chen Bo , Xu Chang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo alleviate the environmental pollution caused by waste wind turbine blades and provide new ideas for recycling, the thermochemical characteristics of four basic components of composite materials commonly used in wind turbine blades were studied in this paper. Thermogravimetric experiments in different atmospheres and heating rates, and thermogravimetric‐infrared combined experiments were carried out. The results show that the reaction of epoxy resin and thermoplastic polyurethane was easy and deep in N2 and CO2. Except for glass fiber, the other three components showed different combustion characteristics in air. The maximum reaction rates and activation energy of resin‐based components in N2 increased with increasing heating rate. The pyrolysis products of the four basic components all contained CO2 and CO, and some aromatic substances could be generated during the thermal transformation of epoxy resin and thermoplastic polyurethane. It can be concluded that the thermal transformation properties of the basic components of the composite material of wind turbine blades can be used to treat the waste blades, making the resin as the matrix material undergo a thermal transformation reaction and recover the fiber. This is to effectively guarantee the green and sustainable development of wind power generation.
Quantized feedback stabilization of continuous‐time Markov jump systems under asynchronous control
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Deng Feiqi , Yu Peilin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses a new asynchronous control scheme for continuous‐time Markov jump linear systems (MJLSs). Both controlled system and quantizer are asynchronous with the controller due to the process by which the controller can accurately observe and emit the switching signal being stochastic. The random variable satisfying Bernoulli distribution is introduced to describe this observation. On this basis, two methods are proposed to obtain sufficient conditions for exponential almost sure stability and almost surely asymptotically stability, respectively from the perspective of the linear matrix inequality (LMI). The results are independent of the asynchronous time interval. Finally, a numerical example demonstrates the validity and feasibility of developed theoretical results.
Fractional optimal control problems with both integer‐order and Atangana–Baleanu Caputo derivatives
Authors: Ma Xiang‐Xiang , Liu Song , Li Xiaoyan , Zhao Xiao‐Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article considers fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs) including both integer‐order and Atangana–Baleanu Caputo derivatives. First, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of a fractional Cauchy problem is given. Then, applying calculus of variations and Lagrange multiplier method, we present necessary optimality conditions of FOCPs and sufficient optimality conditions are also given under some assumptions. Next, a collection method is developed to derive numerical solutions by using shifted Legendre polynomials. Finally, error estimate of numerical solutions is also provided, and numerical examples further show the accuracy and feasibility of our method.
A high molecular weight silk fibroin scaffold that resists degradation and promotes cell proliferation
Authors: Wang Mengmeng , Wang Ying , Pan Peng , Liu Xueping , Zhang Wenjing , Hu Cheng , Li Mingzhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe regulation of the biodegradation rate of 3D‐regenerated silk fibroin scaffolds and the avoidance of premature collapse are important concerns for their effective applications in tissue engineering. In this study, bromelain, which is specific to sericin, was used to remove sericin from silk, and high molecular weight silk fibroin was obtained after the fibroin fibers were dissolved. Afterwards, a 3D scaffold was prepared via freeze‐drying. The Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis results showed that the average molecular weight of the regenerated silk fibroin prepared by using the bromelain‐degumming method was approximately 142.2 kDa, which was significantly higher than that of the control groups prepared by using the urea‐ and Na2CO3‐degumming methods. The results of enzyme degradation in vitro showed that the biodegradation rate and internal three‐dimensional structure collapse of the bromelain‐degumming fibroin scaffolds were significantly slower than those of the two control scaffolds. The proliferation activity of human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells inoculated in bromelain‐degumming fibroin scaffolds was significantly higher than that of the control scaffolds. This study provides a novel preparation method for 3D‐regenerated silk fibroin scaffolds that can effectively resist biodegradation, continuously guide cell growth, have good biocompatibility, and have the potential to be used for the regeneration of various connective tissues.
Photoradical‐Mediated Catalyst‐Independent Protein Cross‐Link with Unusual Fluorescence Properties
Authors: Bora Jinam Ravindra , Mahalakshmi Radhakrishnan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhoto‐actively modified natural amino acids have served as lucrative probes for precise mapping of the dynamics, interaction networks, and turnover of cytosolic proteins both in vivo and ex vivo. In our attempts to extend the utility of photoreactive reporters to map the molecular characteristics of vital membrane proteins, we carried out site‐selective incorporation of 7‐fluoro‐indole in the human mitochondrial outer membrane protein VDAC2 (voltage‐dependent anion channel isoform 2), with the aim of generating Trp−Phe/Tyr cross‐links. Prolonged irradiation at 282 nm provided us with a surprisingly unusual fluorophore that displayed sizably red‐shifted excitation (λex‐max=280 nm→360 nm) and emission (λem‐max=330 nm→430 nm) spectra that was reversible with organic solvents. By measuring the kinetics of the photo‐activated cross‐linking with a library of hVDAC2 variants, we demonstrate that formation of this unusual fluorophore is kinetically retarded, independent of tryptophan, and is site‐specific. Using other membrane (Tom40 and Sam50) and cytosolic (MscR and DNA Pol I) proteins, we additionally show that formation of this fluorophore is protein‐independent. Our findings reveal the photoradical‐mediated accumulation of reversible tyrosine cross‐links, with unusual fluorescent properties. Our findings have immediate applications in protein biochemistry and UV‐mediated protein aggregation and cellular damage, opening avenues for formulating therapeutics that prolong cell viability in humans.
Photocatalytic Cross‐Pinacol Coupling Promoted by Carbon Dioxide**
Authors: Okumura Shintaro , Takahashi Teruki , Torii Kaoru , Uozumi Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCross‐pinacol coupling of two different carbonyl compounds was achieved through successive one‐electron transfer processes under photocatalytic conditions. In the reaction, an umpoled anionic carbinol synthon was generated in situ to react nucleophilically with a second electrophilic carbonyl compound. It was revealed that a CO2 additive promoted the photocatalytic generation of the carbinol synthon to suppress undesired radical dimerization. A wide variety of aromatic and aliphatic carbonyl substrates underwent the cross‐pinacol coupling to afford the corresponding unsymmetric vicinal 1,2‐diols, in which even a combination of carbonyl reactants with similar structures such as two aldehydes and two ketones were also well tolerated with high cross‐coupling selectivity.
Peptide‐Bridged Naphthalimide–Dithienylethene Dyad with Aggregation‐Induced‐Emission Activity: Application in Forensic Fingerprint Technology
Authors: Karmakar Manisha , Kumar Bag Sayan , Thakur Arunabha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate here a simple approach to integrate photochromic properties with aggregation‐induced emission behavior via supramolecular self‐assembly with the aim to build a new type of photoswitchable materials. We have designed and synthesized two unsymmetrical peptide‐bridged naphthalimide–dithienylethene dyads, each composed of naphthalimide (NI), an alkyl (CH2)n [n=2,8] chain (Cn), a dipeptide of phe‐phe scaffold, and an unsymmetrical dithienylethene (DTE) moiety (NI‐Cn‐pep‐DTE; 6: n=2; 7: n=8). Dyads 6 and 7 show comparable photo‐isomerization speed and rate constant (K) values for cyclization (75 s, K=0.049 s−1 for 6, 65 s, K=0.056 s−1 for 7) and cycloreversion (105 s, K=0.037 s−1 for 6, 100 s, K=0.023 s−1 for 7) accompanied by a noticeable naked‐eye color change from pale yellow (6 o/7 o; open forms) to purple (6 c/7 c; closed forms). Both compounds show considerably high fatigue resistance for at least 45 cycles without loss of sensitivity and compound 7 exhibits fluorescence photoswitching performance in solution, solid state, as well as in gel form through a FRET mechanism. The developed dithienylethene (DTE)‐based material was applied in latent fingerprints (LFPs) and in anti‐counterfeiting technology in a non‐invasive manner.