bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depletion of Neural Crest–Derived Cells Leads to Plasma Noradrenaline Decrease and Alters T Cell Development
Authors: Tsunokuma Naoki , Tetteh Doris Narki , Isono Kana , Kuniishi-Hikosaka Mari , Tsuneto Motokazu , Ishii Kenichiro , Yamazaki Hidetoshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The differentiation of neural crest (NC) cells into various cell lineages contributes to the formation of many organs, including the thymus. In this study, we explored the role of NC cells in thymic T cell development. In double-transgenic mice expressing NC-specific Cre and the Cre-driven diphtheria toxin receptor, plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels were significantly reduced, as were thymic T cell progenitors, when NC-derived cells were ablated with short-term administration of diphtheria toxin. Additionally, yellow fluorescent protein+ NC-derived mesenchymal cells, perivascular cells, and tyrosine hydroxylase+ sympathetic nerves in the thymus significantly decreased. Furthermore, i.p. administration of 6-hydroxydopamine, a known neurotoxin for noradrenergic neurons, resulted in a significant decrease in thymic tyrosine hydroxylase+ nerves, a phenotype similar to that of depleted NC-derived cells, whereas administration of a noradrenaline precursor for ablating NC-derived cells or sympathetic nerves rarely rescued this phenotype. To clarify the role of NC-derived cells in the adult thymus, we transplanted thymus into the renal capsules of wild-type mice and observed abnormal T cell development in lethally irradiated thymus with ablation of NC-derived cells or sympathetic nerves, suggesting that NC-derived cells inside and outside of the thymus contribute to T cell development. In particular, the ablation of NC-derived mesenchymal cells in the thymus decreases the number of thymocytes and T cell progenitors. Overall, ablation of NC-derived cells, including sympathetic nerves, in the thymus leads to abnormal T cell development in part by lowering plasma noradrenalin levels. This study reveals that NC-derived cells including mesenchymal cells and sympathetic nerves within thymus regulate T cell development.
B-1 B Cell–Derived Natural Antibodies against N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Suppress Autoimmune Diabetes Pathogenesis
Authors: New J Stewart , Dizon Brian L P , King R Glenn , Greenspan Neil S , Kearney John F 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Environmental factors and host microbiota strongly influence type 1 diabetes (T1D) progression. We report that neonatal immunization with group A Streptococcus suppresses T1D development in NOD mice by promoting clonal expansion of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc)-specific B-1 B cells that recognize pancreatic β cell–derived Ags bearing GlcNAc-containing posttranslational modifications. Early exposure to Lancefield group A cell-wall carbohydrate Ags increased production of GlcNAc-reactive serum Abs and enhanced localization of innate-like GlcNAc-specific B cells to pancreatic tissue during T1D pathogenesis. We show that B-1 B cell–derived GlcNAc-specific IgM engages apoptosis-associated β cell Ags, thereby suppressing diabetogenic T cell activation. Likewise, adoptively transferring GlcNAc-reactive B-1 B cells significantly delayed T1D development in naive recipients. Collectively, these data underscore potentially protective involvement of innate-like B cells and natural Abs in T1D progression. These findings suggest that previously reported associations of reduced T1D risk after GAS infection are B cell dependent and demonstrate the potential for targeting the natural Ab repertoire in considering therapeutic strategies for T1D.
SARS-CoV2 Nsp3 protein triggers cell death and exacerbates amyloid β42-mediated neurodegeneration
Authors: Singh Aditi , Chimata Anuradha Venkatakrishnan , Deshpande Prajakta , Bajpai Soumya , Sangeeth Anjali , Rajput Mrigendra , Singh Amit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202406000-00044/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T152229Z/r/image-tiff

Infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) virus, responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, induces symptoms including increased inflammatory response, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), cognitive dysfunction like brain fog, and cardiovascular defects. Long-term effects of SARS-CoV2 COVID-19 syndrome referred to as post-COVID-19 syndrome on age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease remain understudied. Using the targeted misexpression of individual SARS-CoV2 proteins in the retinal neurons of the Drosophila
melanogaster eye, we found that misexpression of nonstructural protein 3 (Nsp3), a papain-like protease, ablates the eye and generates dark necrotic spots. Targeted misexpression of Nsp3 in the eye triggers reactive oxygen species production and leads to apoptosis as shown by cell death reporters, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and dihydroethidium staining. Furthermore, Nsp3 misexpression activates both apoptosis and autophagy mechanism(s) to regulate tissue homeostasis. Transient expression of SARS-CoV2 Nsp3 in murine neuroblastoma, Neuro-2a cells, significantly reduced the metabolic activity of these cells and triggers cell death. Misexpression of SARS-CoV2 Nsp3 in an Alzheimer’s disease transgenic fly eye model (glass multiple repeats [GMR]>amyloid β42) further enhances the neurodegenerative rough eye phenotype due to increased cell death. These findings suggest that SARS-CoV2 utilizes Nsp3 protein to potentiate cell death response in a neurodegenerative disease background that has high pre-existing levels of neuroinflammation and cell death.
Vibration-reduced anxiety-like behavior relies on ameliorating abnormalities of the somatosensory cortex and medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Misrani Afzal , Tabassum Sidra , Wang Tintin , Huang Huixian , Jiang Jinxiang , Diao Hongjun , Zhao Yanping , Huang Zhen , Tan Shaohua , Long Cheng , Yang Li 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202406000-00040/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T152229Z/r/image-tiff

Tibetan singing bowls emit low-frequency sounds and produce perceptible harmonic tones and vibrations through manual tapping. The sounds the singing bowls produce have been shown to enhance relaxation and reduce anxiety. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used chronic restraint stress or sleep deprivation to establish mouse models of anxiety that exhibit anxiety-like behaviors. We then supplied treatment with singing bowls in a bottomless cage placed on the top of a cushion. We found that unlike in humans, the combination of harmonic tones and vibrations did not improve anxiety-like behaviors in mice, while individual vibration components did. Additionally, the vibration of singing bowls increased the level of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 in the somatosensory cortex and prefrontal cortex of the mice, decreased the level of γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA) receptor α 1 subtype, reduced the level of CaMKII in the prefrontal cortex, and increased the number of GABAergic interneurons. At the same time, electrophysiological tests showed that the vibration of singing bowls significantly reduced the abnormal low-frequency gamma oscillation peak frequency in the medial prefrontal cortex caused by stress restraint pressure and sleep deprivation. Results from this study indicate that the vibration of singing bowls can alleviate anxiety-like behaviors by reducing abnormal molecular and electrophysiological events in somatosensory and medial prefrontal cortex.
TREM-1 mediates interaction between substantia nigra microglia and peripheral neutrophils
Authors: Shen Tong , Cui Guiyun , Chen Hao , Huang Long , Song Wei , Zu Jie , Zhang Wei , Xu Chuanying , Dong Liguo , Zhang Yongmei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202406000-00043/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T152229Z/r/image-tiff

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is considered a pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) can amplify the inherent immune response, and crucially, regulate inflammation. In this study, we found marked elevation of serum soluble TREM-1 in patients with Parkinson’s disease that positively correlated with Parkinson’s disease severity and dyskinesia. In a mouse model of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson’s disease, we found that microglial TREM-1 expression also increased in the substantia nigra. Further, TREM-1 knockout alleviated dyskinesia in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease and reduced dopaminergic neuronal injury. Meanwhile, TREM-1 knockout attenuated the neuroinflammatory response, dopaminergic neuronal injury, and neutrophil migration. Next, we established an in vitro 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine-induced BV2 microglia model of Parkinson’s disease and treated the cells with the TREM-1 inhibitory peptide LP17. We found that LP17 treatment reduced apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons and neutrophil migration. Moreover, inhibition of neutrophil TREM-1 activation diminished dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide. TREM-1 can activate the downstream CARD9/NF-κB proinflammatory pathway via interaction with SYK. These findings suggest that TREM-1 may play a key role in mediating the damage to dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease by regulating the interaction between microglia and peripheral neutrophils.
South Asian dairy smallholders: A scoping review of practices and zoonoses
Authors: Schembri Emily , Campbell Angus J D , Villanueva-Cabezas Juan Pablo 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
To identify and discuss on-farm management practices linked to bacterial zoonosis risk in smallholder dairy farmers in South Asia.

Methods:
This scoping review was conducted as per the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Five hundred and two publications were retrieved from five online databases using a comprehensive search strategy. Studies were selected if they discussed a farm management practice which impacted human health within a South Asian country.

Results:
Twenty-two studies were included. Seven management practices relevant to farmers, livestock and their shared environment were identified including raw milk consumption, farm hygiene management, personal protective equipment uses, animal vaccination, cleaning udders, hand washing and disposal of afterbirth materials. Preventive practices were found to be utilized at lower frequencies compared to risk increasing practices. Awareness of bacterial zoonoses is particularly low within the region

Conclusions:
Based on the results of this review, it was determined that improving farmer awareness of bacterial zoonotic diseases may favor several of the presented leverage points within the South Asian smallholder dairy system. Relying on formal school education to improve this awareness may not solve this problem, instead, more focus on accessible and affordable zoonoses education and farming programs is required.
Enhanced view totally extraperitoneal approach: A better alternative to transabdominal preperitoneal approach for irreducible inguinoscrotal and giant inguinal hernias!
Authors: Shenoy K. Ganesh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The advantages of enhanced view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) over TEP approach are well established in large inguinoscrotal, recurrent inguinal, patients with short pubis to umbilicus distance and in obese patients. Irreducible inguinoscrotal hernias (IISHs) and giant inguinal hernias (GIHs) pose a great challenge. GIHs are hernias which extend below the midpoint of the inner thigh with the patient in the standing position. Majority of these hernias are managed by open, hybrid or by transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) approach. TAPP was considered the optimal minimally invasive approach for these hernias as it provides a large working space and reduction of contents under vision. My practice of eTEP has been limited to IISH and GIH. I would like to share some technical tips to manage these cases by eTEP approach.
Analysis of long-term outcomes after minimally invasive spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy under the ‘Kimura-first’ strategy
Authors: Luo Xin , Lin Xianchao , Lin Ronggui , Yang Yuanyuan , Wang Congfei , Fang Haizong , Huang Heguang , Lu Fengchun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) can be carried out by the Kimura technique (KT) or Warshaw technique (WT). This study aimed to evaluate the long-term post-operative outcomes of the two minimally invasive SPDP methods under the ‘Kimura-first’ strategy with a particular focus on the haemodynamic changes in the splenogastric circulation.

Patients and Methods:
The electronic medical records and follow-up data of patients who underwent minimally invasive SPDP in our centre from March 2016 to July 2022 were reviewed. The haemodynamic changes in splenogastric circulation were monitored by post-operative computed tomography (CT) images, and the risks they caused were assessed by long-term follow-up.

Results:
A total of 112 patients (KT = 93 and WT = 19) were included in the study. The tumour size in the WT group was significantly larger than that in the KT group (P = 0.02). We also found less blood loss for patients who underwent KT (P = 0.02). The occurrence of gastric varices was significantly higher in the WT group (P = 0.022). There was no gastrointestinal bleeding in either group. There were two cases of splenic infarction in the WT group (11.1%), and the incidence was higher than that in the KT group (P = 0.026). The infarct area gradually decreased during periodic CT examinations and disappeared completely at the last review. The two groups of patients had similar results across the 15 items in three areas of the quality of life questionnaire.

Conclusions:
The ‘Kimura-first’ strategy, in which the WT is used as an alternative to the KT when the splenic vessels cannot be safely preserved, is feasible, and safe for minimally invasive SPDP.
The use of indocyanine green and near-infrared imaging in laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for the management of stump cholecystitis: A case series
Authors: Bhandarkar Sanatan Dattaram , Kalikar Vishakha Rajendra , Patankar Advait , Patankar Roy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Stump cholecystitis is managed by performing a completion cholecystectomy, which can be done either laparoscopically or by an open method. The use of indocyanine green (ICG) is known to improve the identification of the biliary tree anatomy, facilitating Calot’s triangle dissection and shortening surgery, thereby reducing the risk of bile duct injuries and making laparoscopic cholecystectomy safer.

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed of prospectively collected data from 15 patients at our institution from March 2016 to March 2021. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography was performed in all 15 cases, showing remnant gall bladder in all cases with calculi within. Four cases had a dilated common bile duct (CBD) with CBD calculi. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and stone removal followed by CBD stenting were performed in the four patients with CBD calculi. These four cases were scheduled for surgery 4 weeks post-ERCP. All 15 patients underwent laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy. The mean operating time was 80 min.

Results:
The post-operative period of all cases was uneventful, and the patients were discharged on post-operative day 2 or day 3. All patients remained asymptomatic during 1–5 years of follow-up.

Conclusion:
Laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy was performed safely in cases of stump cholecystitis and resulted in symptom relief during short-term follow-up. The use of ICG and near-infrared imaging in such cases helps identify the biliary anatomy, may contribute to the safety of laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy and might reduce the duration of surgery.
Management of tubal blockage through Ayurvedic interventions
Authors: Dansana Sudha , Hota Dinesh Kumar , Panda Pradeep Kumar , Kadam Sujata 
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Fallopian tube blockage is among the most notorious factors for female infertility, which is responsible for 25%–30% of total female infertility. Tubal blockages can be correlated to Sanga Srotodushti of Artavavaha Srotasa in Ayurveda, involving Vata and Kapha Doshas. Normalizing the vitiated Vata–Kapha Dosha leads to restoration of tubal function and easy conception. The case report presented here highlights the role of Ayurvedic medicines and therapies in successfully managing tubal blockage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In the present case report, a 27-year-old married female diagnosed with infertility due to bilateral fallopian tube blockage presented with chief complaints of inability to conceive for 3 years and was treated with Ayurveda medications and therapeutic procedures. Oral medicines such as decoctions, herbal powder, medicated ghee, and tablets were administered along with therapeutic procedures, which included Virechana (therapeutic purgation), Basti (therapeutic enema), and Uttarbasti (intrauterine medication). Pre- and post-assessments were done by hysterosalpingography (HSG).

RESULT AND CONCLUSION:
At the end of the treatment, there was a normal spillage of dye in both tubes noted in HSG. In this study, a comprehensive therapeutic intervention using Ayurveda medications and therapeutic procedures such as Virechana, Basti, and Uttarbasti was found to effectively clear the blockage of tubes.
Analysis of traumatic acute diaphragmatic injuries
Authors: Taş İlhan , Yiğit Ebral 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Diaphragm rupture (DR) is a rare pathological event usually caused by trauma. We aimed to analyse the characteristics of acute diaphragmatic injuries due to trauma and the treatment of such injuries.

Methods:
This study included the data of 15 patients who sustained diaphragmatic injuries due to trauma and underwent surgery at the Diyarbakır Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Service between January 2016 and December 2019.

Results:
There were 240 patients who presented with abdominal trauma during the study period, and DR was detected in 15 (6.25%) of these patients. The male to female ratio was 14 to 1, and the average age of the patients was 29.66 ± 10.56 (15–46) years. The most common cause of diaphragmatic injury was penetrating abdominal injuries (86.7%). Blunt abdominal trauma accounted for 13.3% of the DR cases. Preoperative shock was present in four (26.7%) patients. Preoperative diagnosis was made in only one (6.7%) of 15 patients with DR. Other patients were diagnosed during operation. Thirteen (86.7%) patients had additional organ injuries, and two patients had isolated diaphragmatic injuries. The most frequently injured organ was the lung (n = 7, 46.6%). Complications developed in six patients (morbidity rate 40%), and pulmonary complications were most frequently encountered (n = 5, 33.3%). The mortality rate was 6.7%.

Conclusion:
As traumatic DRs are uncommon and often associated with additional organ injuries, a careful general assessment of the patient should be made.
Thực trạng rối loạn ham muốn, hưng phấn trên 1.039 phụ nữ đến khám hiếm muộn tại Bệnh viện Nam học và Hiếm muộn Hà Nội
Authors: Phan Thị Bích Thuận , Nguyễn Anh Tú , Lê Thị Thu Hiền , Nguyễn Thị Huyền Trang , Phạm Thị Mỹ Hạnh 
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả thực trạng rối loạn chức năng ham muốn, hưng phấn ở phụ nữ đến khám hiếm muộn tại Bệnh viện Nam học và Hiếm muộn Hà Nội và một số yếu tố liên quan.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 1.039 phụ nữ đến khám hiếm muộn tại Bệnh viện Nam học và Hiếm muộn Hà Nội từ 01/12/2022 đến 30/03/2023.
Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của nhóm đối tượng nghiên cứu là 30,9 ± 5,3. Tỷ lệ đối tượng rối loạn ham muốn tình dục là 34%; rối loạn hưng phấn 28,3%. Phân tích hồi quy tuyến tính đa biến cho thấy các yếu tố tăng nguy cơ rối loạn ham muốn tình dục và hưng phấn là tuổi từ 31- 40 tuổi, tiền sử bệnh nội khoa, chu kì kinh dưới 25 ngày, cảm thấy căng thẳng/áp lực khi chung sống với đối tác; Quan hệ tình dục (QHTD) lần đầu dưới 22 tuổi; không QHTD trong 4 tuần qua; sợ đau, lo lắng, e ngại về hình ảnh cơ thể khi QHTD; yếu tố rất ít khi hoặc không trao đổi với đối tác về các vấn đề liên quan đến QHTD; và không hài lòng với đời sống tình dục.
Kết luận: Có đến 1/3 phụ nữ hiếm muộn bị rối loạn ham muốn và hưng phấn tình dục. Có nhiều yếu tố làm tăng nguy cơ mắc tình trạng này, do đó sàng lọc sớm và can thiệp kịp thời là cần thiết cho nhóm đối tượng này.
Nghiên cứu hiệu quả sử dụng kháng sinh dự phòng trong mổ lấy thai tại Bệnh viện Bình An, Quảng Nam
Authors: Võ Văn Chính , Trần Thị Như Quỳnh , Lê Minh Tâm 
Published: September 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của việc sử dụng kháng sinh dự phòng tại Bệnh viện Bình An, Quảng Nam và tìm hiểu một số yếu tố liên quan.
Phương pháp và đối tượng nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có so sánh nhóm chứng. Đối tượng nghiên cứu bao gồm các sản phụ có chỉ định mổ lấy thai tại Khoa Phụ Sản, Bệnh viện Bình An, Quảng Nam từ tháng 01 đến tháng 03 năm 2023. Nhóm bệnh (nhóm I) bao gồm 119 bệnh nhân được chỉ định sử dụng kháng sinh dự phòng trước mổ lấy thai liều duy nhất Cefazoline 2 g, tiêm tĩnh mạch. Nhóm chứng (nhóm II) bao gồm 142 bệnh nhân sử dụng kháng sinh thường quy sau mổ lấy thai với Ceftriaxone 1 g x 02 lần/ngày, tiêm tĩnh mạch trong 05 ngày. Qua khám lâm sàng, quá trình mổ lấy thai, theo dõi hậu phẫu tại bệnh viện để đánh giá và so sánh các biểu hiện nhiễm trùng hậu sản và các yếu tố liên quan giữa 2 nhóm.
Kết quả: Không có sự khác biệt giữa 2 nhóm về các yếu tố như: nhóm tuổi mẹ, nghề nghiệp, chiều cao, cân nặng, BMI, tiền sử mổ lấy thai, tuổi thai, các dấu hiệu chuyển dạ, thời gian chờ mổ, cân nặng trẻ sơ sinh và các biểu hiện nhiễm trùng hậu phẫu. Nghiên cứu ghi nhận có sự khác nhau có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa 2 nhóm về độ tuổi trung bình (nhóm I và II, lần lượt là 29,5 ± 4,6 và 27,1 ± 4,5 với p < 0,001); thời gian nằm viện (nhóm I và II, lần lượt là 5,36 ± 0,71 ngày và 6,09 ± 1,13 ngày, p < 0,05); địa dư và tình trạng vỡ ối trước mổ.
Kết luận: Khi so sánh kháng sinh dự phòng với nhóm kháng sinh thường quy sau mổ lấy thai tại Bệnh viện Bình An Quảng Nam, kết quả cho thấy tỉ lệ nhiễm khuẩn hậu sản trong thời gian nằm viện khác nhau không có có ý nghĩa. Nhưng nhóm dùng kháng sinh dự phòng cho kết quả tốt hơn trong việc giảm được chi phí điều trị, giảm số ngày nằm viện có ý nghĩa, giảm được số lần tiêm thuốc và giảm được nhân công điều dưỡng.
Dependencia tecnológica y restricción externa: aportes conceptuales para su comprensión. Un ejercicio de cuantificación para la Provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Monasterios Claudia Sabrina , Kodric Alex , Langer Ariel 
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo pretende indagar acerca del impacto de la importación de bienes de alto contenido tecnológico sobre los procesos de acumulación y crecimiento económico en estructuras productivas desequilibradas como la argentina. En particular, se plantea que la incapacidad de desarrollar y escalar tecnologías en el ámbito local opera como una restricción adicional sobre la restricción externa, reforzando dinámicas de dependencia tecnológica de los países periféricos para con los céntricos.
Adicionalmente, en la segunda sección del trabajo, se ensaya una estimación cuantitativa del monto total de las importaciones de alto contenido tecnológico para la Provincia de Buenos Aires. A partir de esta aproximación, y sobre la base del aprovechamiento de las capacidades existentes en el entramado productivo y el sistema científico-tecnológico provincial, se realiza un ejercicio respecto al potencial ahorro de divisas derivado de la sustitución de importaciones en dichos rubros. De modo orientativo, este ejercicio pretende visibilizar oportunidades de efectiva sustitución que podrían ser insumos para el diseño de políticas públicas sectoriales.