bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A trading optimization model for virtual power plants in day-ahead power market considering uncertainties
Authors: Weishang Guo , Qiang Wang , Haiying Liu , Jing Wu 
Published: May 2023

Background: The day-ahead power market is an important part of the spot market. In the day-ahead market, participants make short-term forecasts of the load and output to propose the bidding curve more precisely. As energy aggregators that have regulatory resources, virtual power plants (VPPs) need to consider the uncertainty of distributed renewable energy output when participating in power market transactions.Methods: This paper analyzes the uncertainty and built an optimization model for VPP in day-ahead power market considering the uncertainty from both inner parts and the market environment. To verify the model, a simulation study is ran.Results: And the study results show the following: 1) the forecasting model is more efficient than the traditional algorithm in terms of accuracy, and 2) the confidence levels are not fully positive with the benefit of VPPs.Discussion: Improving the confidence level could reduce the uncertainty brought by renewable energy, but could also cause conservative trading behavior and affect the consumption of renewable energy.
Acidification and hypoxia drive physiological trade-offs in oysters and partial loss of nutrient cycling capacity in oyster holobiont
Authors: Hemraj Deevesh Ashley , Falkenberg Laura J. , Cheung Khan , Man Lauren , Carini Alessia , Russell Bayden D. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionReef building oysters provide vast ecological benefits and ecosystem services. A large part of their role in driving ecological processes is mediated by the microbial communities that are associated with the oysters; together forming the oyster holobiont. While changing environmental conditions are known to alter the physiological performance of oysters, it is unclear how multiple stressors may alter the ability of the oyster holobiont to maintain its functional role.MethodsHere, we exposed oysters to acidification and hypoxia to examine their physiological responses (molecular defense and immune response), changes in community structure of their associated microbial community, and changes in water nutrient concentrations to evaluate how acidification and hypoxia will alter the oyster holobiont’s ecological role.ResultsWe found clear physiological stress in oysters exposed to acidification, hypoxia, and their combination but low mortality. However, there were different physiological trade-offs in oysters exposed to acidification or hypoxia, and the combination of stressors incited greater physiological costs (i.e., &gt;600% increase in protein damage and drastic decrease in haemocyte counts). The microbial communities differed depending on the environment, with microbial community structure partly readjusted based on the environmental conditions. Microbes also seemed to have lost some capacity in nutrient cycling under hypoxia and multi-stressor conditions (~50% less nitrification) but not acidification.DiscussionWe show that the microbiota associated to the oyster can be enriched differently under climate change depending on the type of environmental change that the oyster holobiont is exposed to. In addition, it may be the primary impacts to oyster physiology which then drives changes to the associated microbial community. Therefore, we suggest the oyster holobiont may lose some of its nutrient cycling properties under hypoxia and multi-stressor conditions although the oysters can regulate their physiological processes to maintain homeostasis on the short-term.
Toll-like receptors 2, 4, and 9 modulate promoting effect of COPD-like airway inflammation on K-ras-driven lung cancer through activation of the MyD88/NF-ĸB pathway in the airway epithelium
Authors: Velasco Walter V. , Khosravi Nasim , Castro-Pando Susana , Torres-Garza Nelly , Grimaldo Maria T. , Krishna Avantika , Clowers Michael J. , Umer Misha , Tariq Amir Sabah , Del Bosque Diana , Daliri Soudabeh , De La Garza Maria Miguelina , Ramos-Castaneda Marco , Evans Scott E. , Moghaddam Seyed Javad 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionToll-like receptors (TLRs) are an extensive group of proteins involved in host defense processes that express themselves upon the increased production of endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) due to the constant contact that airway epithelium may have with pathogenic foreign antigens. We have previously shown that COPD-like airway inflammation induced by exposure to an aerosolized lysate of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) promotes tumorigenesis in a K-ras mutant mouse model of lung cancer, CCSPCre/LSL-K-rasG12D (CC-LR) mouse.MethodsIn the present study, we have dissected the role of TLRs in this process by knocking out TLR2, 4, and 9 and analyzing how these deletions affect the promoting effect of COPD-like airway inflammation on K-ras-driven lung adenocarcinoma.ResultsWe found that knockout of TLR 2, 4, or 9 results in a lower tumor burden, reduced angiogenesis, and tumor cell proliferation, accompanied by increased tumor cell apoptosis and reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment to one that is antitumorigenic. Additionally, knocking out of downstream signaling pathways, MyD88/NF-κB in the airway epithelial cells further recapitulated this initial finding.DiscussionOur study expands the current knowledge of the roles that TLR signaling plays in lung cancer, which we hope, can pave the way for more reliable and efficacious prevention and treatment modalities for lung cancer.
The effect of an information intervention on the career commitment of medical students: evidence from a randomized experiment
Authors: Li Chunqing , Ye Xiaoyang , Yu Chen , Wu Hongbin 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe needs-based shortage of healthcare workers is severe worldwide and it would be exacerbated if many medical students switch to other careers after graduation. Maintaining and improving the career commitment of medical students, which could be a feasible, effective, and scalable way to reduce the attrition rate, is essential in medical education. We designed a randomized experiment to test whether an information intervention based on role modeling could enhance medical students’ career commitment.MethodsIn the randomized experiment, the sample (N = 36,482) was divided into the treatment group (N = 18,070) and the control group (N = 18,412). The intervention information consisted of image-text messages on Zhong Nanshan, who is an inspiring role model for he went to the frontline of COVID-19 in the most critical circumstances and received praise and affirmation from the public. Α difference-in-differences model was employed to identify the effect of the information intervention. Heterogeneous treatment effects were identified using sub-sample analyses.ResultsThe results showed that the information intervention statistically significantly reduced medical students’ dropout intention by 2.7 percentage points (95% CI: −0.037 to −0.016, t = −4.95, p &lt; 0.001), equivalent to 14.6% of the control group mean. This estimate indicates that the information intervention could significantly increase the career commitment of medical students. Finally, male and senior students were influenced more than their female and junior counterparts, which can be explained by their relatively high dropout intention.ConclusionRole model-based information intervention improves the career commitment of medical students. The underlying behavioral model is that, when students use a role model as their reference point, they consider dropout as a substantial welfare loss. Role modeling is an effective way to improve the career commitment of medical students, especially for males and senior students.
Efficacy and safety of single-dose ivermectin in mild-to-moderate COVID-19: the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled CORVETTE-01 trial
Authors: Wada Tatsuhiko , Hibino Makoto , Aono Hiromi , Kyoda Shunsuke , Iwadate Yosuke , Shishido Eri , Ikeda Keisuke , Kinoshita Nana , Matsuda Yasuki , Otani Sakiko , Kameda Ryo , Matoba Kenta , Nonaka Miwa , Maeda Mika , Kumagai Yuji , Ako Junya , Shichiri Masayoshi , Naoki Katsuhiko , Katagiri Masato , Takaso Masashi , Iwamura Masatsugu , Katayama Kazuhiko , Miyatsuka Takeshi , Orihashi Yasushi , Yamaoka Kunihiro ,   for the CORVETTE-01 Study Group
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTo investigate whether ivermectin inhibits SARS-CoV-2 proliferation in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 using time to a negative COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test.MethodsCORVETTE-01 was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study (August 2020–October 2021) conducted in Japan. Overall, 248 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 using RT-PCR were assessed for eligibility. A single oral dose of ivermectin (200  μg/kg) or placebo was administered under fasting. The primary outcome was time to a negative COVID-19 RT-PCR test result for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, assessed using stratified log-rank test and Cox regression models.ResultsOverall, 112 and 109 patients were randomized to ivermectin and placebo, respectively; 106 patients from each group were included in the full analysis set (male [%], mean age: 68.9%, 47.9 years [ivermectin]; 62.3%, 47.5 years [placebo]). No significant difference was observed in the occurrence of negative RT-PCR tests between the groups (hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–1.32; p = 0.785). Median (95% CI) time to a negative RT-PCR test was 14.0 (13.0–16.0) and 14.0 (12.0–16.0) days for ivermectin and placebo, respectively; 82.1% and 84% of patients achieved negative RT-PCR tests, respectively.ConclusionIn patients with COVID-19, single-dose ivermectin was ineffective in decreasing the time to a negative RT-PCR test.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04703205.
Expression profile of HERVs and inflammatory mediators detected in nasal mucosa as a predictive biomarker of COVID-19 severity
Authors: Petrone Vita , Fanelli Marialaura , Giudice Martina , Toschi Nicola , Conti Allegra , Maracchioni Christian , Iannetta Marco , Resta Claudia , Cipriani Chiara , Miele Martino Tony , Amati Francesca , Andreoni Massimo , Sarmati Loredana , Rogliani Paola , Novelli Giuseppe , Garaci Enrico , Rasi Guido , Sinibaldi-Vallebona Paola , Minutolo Antonella , Matteucci Claudia , Balestrieri Emanuela , Grelli Sandro 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionOur research group and others demonstrated the implication of the human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their association with disease progression, suggesting HERVs as contributing factors in COVID-19 immunopathology. To identify early predictive biomarkers of the COVID-19 severity, we analyzed the expression of HERVs and inflammatory mediators in SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs with respect to biochemical parameters and clinical outcome.MethodsResiduals of swab samples (20 SARS-CoV-2-negative and 43 SARS-CoV-2-positive) were collected during the first wave of the pandemic and expression levels of HERVs and inflammatory mediators were analyzed by qRT-Real time PCR.ResultsThe results obtained show that infection with SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a general increase in the expression of HERVs and mediators of the immune response. In particular, SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with increased expression of HERV-K and HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, INF-γ, TLR-3, and TLR-7, while lower levels of IL-10, IFN-α, IFN-β, and TLR-4 were found in individuals who underwent hospitalization. Moreover, higher expression of HERV-W, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-α, and IFN-β reflected the respiratory outcome of patients during hospitalization. Interestingly, a machine learning model was able to classify hospitalized vs not hospitalized patients with good accuracy based on the expression levels of HERV-K, HERV-W, IL-6, TNF-a, TLR-3, TLR-7, and the N gene of SARS-CoV-2. These latest biomarkers also correlated with parameters of coagulation and inflammation.DiscussionOverall, the present results suggest HERVs as contributing elements in COVID-19 and early genomic biomarkers to predict COVID-19 severity and disease outcome.
Viable SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants isolated from autopsy tissues
Authors: Maffia-Bizzozero Santiago , Cevallos Cintia , Lenicov Federico Remes , Freiberger Rosa Nicole , Lopez Cinthya Alicia Marcela , Guano Toaquiza Alex , Sviercz Franco , Jarmoluk Patricio , Bustos Cristina , D’Addario Adriana Claudia , Quarleri Jorge , Delpino M. Victoria 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations have been described after infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The virus is known to persist in multiple organs due to its tropism for several tissues. However, previous reports were unable to provide definitive information about whether the virus is viable and transmissible. It has been hypothesized that the persisting reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 in tissues could be one of the multiple potentially overlapping causes of long COVID.MethodsIn the present study, we investigated autopsy materials obtained from 21 cadaveric donors with documented first infection or reinfection at the time of death. The cases studied included recipients of different formulations of COVID-19 vaccines. The aim was to find the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and intestines. We used two technical approaches: the detection and quantification of viral genomic RNA using RT-qPCR, and virus infectivity using permissivein vitroVero E6 culture.ResultsAll tissues analyzed showed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA but at dissimilar levels ranging from 1.01 × 102copies/mL to 1.14 × 108copies/mL, even among those cases who had been COVID-19 vaccinated. Importantly, different amounts of replication-competent virus were detected in the culture media from the studied tissues. The highest viral load were measured in the lung (≈1.4 × 106copies/mL) and heart (≈1.9 × 106copies/mL) samples. Additionally, based on partial Spike gene sequences, SARS-CoV-2 characterization revealed the presence of multiple Omicron sub-variants exhibiting a high level of nucleotide and amino acid identity among them.DiscussionThese findings highlight that SARS-CoV-2 can spread to multiple tissue locations such as the lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and intestines, both after primary infection and after reinfections with the Omicron variant, contributing to extending knowledge about the pathogenesis of acute infection and understanding the sequelae of clinical manifestations that are observed during post-acute COVID-19.
Access to, use of, and experiences with social alarms in home-living people with dementia: results from the LIVE@Home.Path trial
Authors: Puaschitz Nathalie Genevieve Søyland , Jacobsen Frode Fadnes , Berge Line Iden , Husebo Bettina Sandgathe 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundSocial alarms are considered an appropriate technology to ensure the safety and independence of older adults, but limited research has been conducted on their actual use. We, therefore, explored the access, experiences, and use of social alarms among home-bound people with dementia and their informal caregivers (dyads).MethodsFrom May 2019 to October 2021, the LIVE@Home.Path mixed-method intervention trial collected data from semi-quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews conducted among home-dwelling people with dementia and their informal caregivers in Norway. The study focused on data from the final assessment at 24 months.ResultsA total of 278 dyads were included, and 82 participants reached the final assessment. The mean age of the patients was 83 years; 74.6% were female; 50% lived alone; and 58% had their child as a caregiver. A total of 62.2% of subjects had access to a social alarm. Caregivers were more likely to answer that the device was not in use (23.6%) compared to patients (14%). Qualitative data revealed that approximately 50% of the patients were not aware of having such an alarm. Regression analyses assessed that access to a social alarm was associated with increasing age (86–97 years, p = 0.005) and living alone (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to their caregivers, people with dementia were more likely to answer that the device gave them a false sense of security (28% vs. 9.9%), while caregivers were more likely to answer that the social alarm was of no value (31.4% vs.14.0%). The number of social alarms installed increased from 39.5% at baseline to 68% at 24 months. The frequency of unused social alarms increased from 12 months (17.7%) to 24 months (23.5%), and patients were less likely to feel safe during this period (60.8% vs. 70%).ConclusionDepending on their living situation, patients and family members experienced the installed social alarm differently. There is a gap between access to and the use of social alarms. The results indicate an urgent need for better routines in municipalities with regard to the provision and follow-up of existing social alarms. To meet the users’ changing needs and abilities, passive monitoring may help them adapt to declining cognitive abilities and increase their safety.Clinical Trial Registration: https://ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04043364.
Auriculotherapy in prevention of migraine attacks: an open randomized trial
Authors: Michel-Cherqui Mireille , Ma Sabrina , d’Ussel Marguerite , Ebbo David , Spassova Antoinette , Chaix-Couturier Carine , Szekely Barbara , Fischler Marc , Lemaire Nicolas , Le Guen Morgan 
Published: May 2023

Use of auriculotherapy to prevent episodic migraine pain has seldom been reported. The aim of this open study was to show that three sessions of auriculotherapy, 1 month apart, using semi-permanent needles decrease frequency and intensity of an attack in patients presenting episodic migraine. A total of 90 patients were randomized to the treatment group (AUR group, n = 58) or the control group (C group, n = 32). Four patients dropped out during the study (three in the AUR group and one in the C group). The number of days with migraine and non-migraine headache was similar when the analysis focused on the 3 months of the study or on the difference in each group of this number between the 3 months preceding the inclusion and the 3 months of the study (p = 0.123). AUR group patients had fewer days with non-migraine headache (p = 0.011) and took less Triptans (p = 0.045) than group C. Number of days with migraine, sum of the pain intensities of all migraines and non-migraine headaches, and total number of analgesics taken, other than triptan, were similar between groups. MIDAS score decreased with time in the AUR group while it increased in the C group whether in absolute values (p = 0.035) or as categories (p = 0.037). These contrasted results should lead to further study of the effectiveness of auriculotherapy for the prevention of migraine.Clinical trail registration: Protocol registered on the Clinicaltrials.gov, website (January 30, 2017, NCT03036761).
Neural tube defects among new borns: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kidane Mahder , Sime Yohanes , Gashaw Anteneh , Chane Getachew 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundNeural tube defects are a major public health issue that contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income countries such as Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, particularly in the study setting, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence, magnitude, and associated factors of neural tube defects. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate neural tube defects and associated factors in JUMC.MethodsThis study was an institution-based cross-sectional study conducted from June to September 2021. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from previous literature. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Independent variables with a p-value &lt; 0.05 were taken as statistically significant with neural tube defects.ResultsThe prevalence of NTDs in this study was 3.6%. Preterm newborns with GA &lt; 34 AOR 2.9(1.2–9.7), newborns with birth weight b/n 1,000–1,499 AOR 5.2(1.1–9.4), born with weight b/n 1,500–2,499 AOR 2.1(1.3–8.7), exposure to smoke AOR 2.1(1.2–8.8), radiation AOR 6.8(1.3–14.5), at least one history of abortion AOR 10.1(7.2–21.0) and mothers with AED intake AOR 5.7(2.3–18.4) were found to be associated significantly.ConclusionThe results indicated a significant frequency of neural tube abnormalities in newborns. The use of AEDs, abortion, and radiation have all been linked to those NTD cases. Pregnant women are advised to learn more about the need of beginning prenatal care as soon as possible because the aforementioned issues will be addressed during this treatment.
Association between immune-related adverse events and immunotherapy efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Li , Liu Yu , Chen Chen , Wei Anhua , Li Wei 
Published: May 2023

Objective: Our study aimed to identify potential correlations between anti-tumor efficacy and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of online electronic databases up to March 2023 to identify any correlations between irAEs and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy in NSCLC. We used meta-analysis RevMan 5.3 software to calculate pooled results.Results: Our meta-analysis of 54 studies revealed that patients who experienced irAEs achieved a significantly higher objective response rate (p &lt; 0.00001) and longer progression-free survival (PFS) (p &lt; 0.00001) and overall survival (OS) (p &lt; 0.00001) than those who did not experience irAEs. Additionally, patients with ≥2 irAEs had better PFS, whereas no significant difference was observed between patients with or without squamous cell carcinoma. Subgroup analysis of irAE types indicated that irAEs (thyroid dysfunction and gastrointestinal, skin, or endocrine irAEs) were associated with better PFS and OS. However, no significant differences were observed between patients with pneumonitis or hepatobiliary irAEs.Conclusion: Our study showed that the occurrence of irAEs was a strong predictor of survival efficacy in patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs. Specifically, patients with ≥2 irAEs and those with thyroid dysfunction and gastrointestinal, skin, or endocrine irAEs achieved a better survival benefit.Systematic Review Registration: Website: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, Identifier: CRD42023421690