bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prioritizing non-communicable diseases in the post-pandemic era based on a comprehensive analysis of the GBD 2019 from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Shu Jianhao , Jin Weifeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the burden of communicable diseases (CDs) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2019, and propose global strategies to transform the public health policy. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019, we analyzed CDs and NCDs across various factors such as sex, age, year, and location, and evaluate the temporal trends of these diseases with joinpoint analysis. We also examined the differences between regions based on their socio-demographic index (SDI). In 2019, there were 7,862,907 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 7,183,475 to 8,654,104) deaths from CDs and 42,034,124 (40,081,323 to 43,942,475) deaths from NCDs recorded worldwide. The low SDI region had markedly high age-standardized death and DALY rates of CDs. Although the age-standardized incidence rate of CDs has decreased in about half of the regions since 1990, NCDs have been on the rise in most regions. Over the past 30 years, the global burden of CDs has decreased significantly, while the burden of NCDs has aggrandized to an extent. In the post-pandemic era, effective interventions and cooperation among countries should be promoted to allocate medical resources more reasonably and improve healthcare for NCD patients.
Infant movement classification through pressure distribution analysis
Authors: Kulvicius Tomas , Zhang Dajie , Nielsen-Saines Karin , Bölte Sven , Kraft Marc , Einspieler Christa , Poustka Luise , Wörgötter Florentin , Marschik Peter B. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Aiming at objective early detection of neuromotor disorders such as cerebral palsy, we propose an innovative non-intrusive approach using a pressure sensing device to classify infant general movements. Here we differentiate typical general movement patterns of the “fidgety period” (fidgety movements) vs. the “pre-fidgety period” (writhing movements).

Methods
Participants (N = 45) were sampled from a typically-developing infant cohort. Multi-modal sensor data, including pressure data from a pressure sensing mat with 1024 sensors, were prospectively recorded for each infant in seven succeeding laboratory sessions in biweekly intervals from 4 to 16 weeks of post-term age. 1776 pressure data snippets, each 5 s long, from the two targeted age periods were taken for movement classification. Each snippet was pre-annotated based on corresponding synchronised video data by human assessors as either fidgety present or absent. Multiple neural network architectures were tested to distinguish the fidgety present vs. fidgety absent classes, including support vector machines, feed-forward networks, convolutional neural networks, and long short-term memory networks.

Results
Here we show that the convolution neural network achieved the highest average classification accuracy (81.4%). By comparing the pros and cons of other methods aiming at automated general movement assessment to the pressure sensing approach, we infer that the proposed approach has a high potential for clinical applications.

Conclusions
We conclude that the pressure sensing approach has great potential for efficient large-scale motion data acquisition and sharing. This will in return enable improvement of the approach that may prove scalable for daily clinical application for evaluating infant neuromotor functions.
Spanish Bilingual Morphosyntactic Development in Bilingual Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder: Articles, Clitics, Verbs, and the Subjunctive Mood
Authors: Castilla-Earls Anny , Ronderos Juliana , Fitton Lisa 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the growth of previously established clinical markers of developmental language disorder (DLD) in Spanish-speaking bilingual children with and without DLD.Method:Forty-three bilingual children with DLD and 57 typically developing children were tested 3 times over a 2-year period. Their average age at Time 1 was 5;10 (years;months). All children completed an elicitation task examining the production of articles, clitics, verbs, and the subjunctive mood in Spanish at each time point, in addition to other behavioral testing in Spanish and English. We used growth curve analysis to examine change patterns of the morphosyntactic structures over time.Results:At the onset of the study, children without DLD produced higher accuracy rates than children with DLD across all morphosyntactic structures. In addition, there was a positive effect of time on all structures. Furthermore, the interaction between time and DLD was statistically significant for clitic pronouns.Conclusion:In agreement with previous literature on language growth in monolingual children with DLD, bilingual children with DLD showed language growth that was parallel to that of bilingual children without DLD but with significantly lower levels of attainment.Supplemental Material and Presentation Video:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23810820
A fast and robust DOBC based frequency and voltage regulation scheme for future power systems with high renewable penetration
Authors: Grover Himanshu , Verma Ashu , Bhatti T S 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a disturbance‐observer‐based control (DOBC) scheme for frequency and voltage regulation in modern power systems with high renewable energy sources (RES) penetration. The proposed approach acts as a feed‐forward control that improves the dynamic performance of the conventional proportional‐integral‐derivative controller. The proposed voltage and frequency control has been validated through hardware‐in‐loop implementation on OPAL‐RT, and testing on laboratory‐scale experimental test setup. The robustness of the proposed control scheme has been validated through simulations under worst‐case and stochastic uncertainties to mitigate real‐time variability in RES output and load. Real‐time simulation results depict superior performance of the proposed control strategy in comparison to several well‐established techniques under practical operating conditions, in the presence of communication delay and white noise. To validate the proposed control on laboratory‐scale experimental setup, the digital twin of the physical plant transfer function has been designed. Results reveal that the proposed DOBC control scheme drastically improves the system performance without rendering much computational burden under practical operation scenarios.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass in the Sickle Cell Anemia Patient using Profound Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrest: A Case Report
Authors: Longnecker Virginia W. , Hartley Mary B. , Dingmann F. Margaret , Jamieson Stuart W. , Kriett Jolene , Kapelanski David 
Published: August 2023

A homozygous sickle cell anemia patient undergoing a pulmonary thromboendarterectomy required the use of profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest. Reports of sickling crises have been documented under conditions of hypoxemia, acidosis, hypothermia, hypovolemia, and blood trauma. This patient's management included preoperative and intraoperative exchange transfusion, increased blood flow rates and optimizing blood gas values to prevent the sickling environment.
The pulmonary thromboendarterectomy surgery was successful in reducing pulmonary hypertension in this sickle cell patient. Using these techniques, no adverse sickling effects resulted from the profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest.
Veno-Arterial Modified Ultrafiltration in Children after Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Buchholz Bryan J. , Bert Arthur A. , Price David R. , Hopkins Richard A. , Stearns Gary T. 
Published: August 2023

A method of performing veno-arterial modified ultrafiltration is described that utilizes conventional blood flow through the aortic and venous cannulae. A dual-pump blood cardioplegia console is adapted to aspirate blood from the cardiopulmonary bypass venous line. The blood is ultrafiltered, sent through the cardioplegia heat exchanger, and returned to the aorta via the cardioplegia needle.
Veno-arterial modified ultrafiltration has produced no visual evidence of air entrainment in the cardiopulmonary arterial line. This method allows the immediate resumption of cardiopulmonary bypass without the need for the surgeon to recannulate or alter tubing. Thirty-five children underwent veno-arterial modified ultrafiltration; the results show significant increases in postoperative hematocrit, early extubation, and improved rheology.
Co-administration of Aprotinin and Epsilon–Aminocaproic Acid During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Swine Model
Authors: Vang See N. , Stammers Alfred H. , Mejak Brian L. , Rauch Eric D. , Viessman Thomas W. , Bruda Nancy L. , Yang Tianyu 
Published: August 2023

Despite the beneficial effects of pharmacological interventions to prevent bleeding and to reduce the need for autogeneic blood, there are concerns that these agents induce a prothrombotic state. The purpose of this study was to examine the coagulation phenomena influenced by the coadministration of epsilon–aminocaproic acid (EACA) and aprotinin during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
A swine model of CPB was utilized in this study. During 120 min of CPB, treatment animals (N = 5) received 6 × 106 Kiu of aprotinin and 30 grams of EACA; whereas, control animals (N = 3) received an equal volume of 0.9 % saline. Indices of thrombogenicity included hematological variables, gross pathology, and circuit examination for the presence of thrombus.
The application of both antifibrinolytics resulted in an increase use of heparin. Total heparin requirements were significantly different between treatment group (58,800 ± 3493 iu) versus control group (51,000 ± 3464 iu). D-dimer concentration was also significantly higher in the control group (500–1000 ng mL−1) than in the treatment group (250–500 ng mL−1) at 5 and 30 min postprotamine. Other coagulation markers tested were not observed to be statistically significant between groups. Thromboelastographic (TEG) index decreased in the treatment group during the surgical procedure and bypass from 2.74 ± 2.9 to −1.36 ± 4.1 as compared to an increase from 2.62 ± 2.9 to 4.05 ± 0.4 in the control group. Pathologic analysis revealed occurrences of thrombus formation in small vessels in the lung and kidney glomeruli of treatment animals. The concurrent use of both aprotinin and EACA may induce a prothrombotic or coagulant state as determined by histological assessment.
Das primäre Offenwinkelglaukom
Authors: Keye Philip , Lübke Jan 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas primäre Offenwinkelglaukom (POWG) als häufigstem Subtyp der
Glaukomerkrankungen liegt keine Verlegung des Kammerwinkels zugrunde. Klinisch
kommt es zu einem fortschreitenden Verlust von retinalen Ganglienzellen, der bei
Überschreiten einer kritischen Schwelle zu irreversiblen Gesichtsfelddefekten
führt. Die bisher einzige evidenzbasierte Therapie ist die Senkung des
Augeninnendrucks (IOD), um die vollständige Erblindung zu verhindern.
Prevalence of delirium in gastroenterology/hepatology units: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pazouki Ronja , Hasselblatt Peter , Kugler Christiane 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrevalence rates of delirium amount to 22.0% within acute-care settings. In contrast, 30–40% of patients with liver cirrhosis may develop hepatic encephalopathy, a condition that has been classified as a syndrome of delirium, based on recent pathophysiology findings. However, the prevalence of delirium in gastroenterology and hepatology units is unknown.The aims of the study were (i) to identify delirium prevalence rates in inpatients of gastroenterology/hepatology wards, (ii) to analyze the delirium motor subtype, and (iii) to assess associations between delirium and patient characteristics.In this monocentric, cross-sectional, epidemiological study, point prevalence was assessed at six time points in three gastroenterology/hepatology units within a German university hospital. Delirium was assessed using the 4 ‘As’ Test (4AT) and delirium subtype by the delirium motor subtype scale. Patient characteristics were collected from patient charts.The sample consisted of 188 patients, aged 18 to 98 years (mean age 64, n=110 male). Of them, 18.1% of patients showed delirium symptoms (61.8% hypoactive, 29.4% mixed, and 8.8% hyperactive). For the participants aged ≥65 years (n=96), prevalence of delirium amounted to 26.0%. Significant associations were observed between delirium and the following characteristics: age (p=0.001), length of hospital stay until assessment (p=0.043), cerebrovascular disease (p=0.002), dementia (p=0.010), diabetes mellitus with chronic complications (p=0.012), and gender (nonsignificant trend, p=0.050), while no association was detected between moderate or severe liver disease and delirium (p=0.414).In conclusion, overall prevalence rates of delirium were rather low and did not increase in patients with liver disease.
Bowel cleansing effectiveness and safety of 1L PEG + Asc in the real-world setting: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study of over 13000 patients
Authors: López-Jamar José Miguel Esteban , Gorjão Ricardo , Cotter José , Lorenzo-Zúñiga García Vicente , Pantaleón Sánchez Miguel Angel , Carral Martínez David , Sábado Fernando , Pérez Arellano Elena , Gómez Rodríguez Blas José , López Cano Antonio , Machlab Salvador , Arieira Cátia , Akriche Fatma , Turbí Disla Carmen , Rodriguez Muñoz Sarbelio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Effective bowel cleansing is critical
for detecting lesions during colonoscopy, highlighting the importance of bowel preparations.
1L polyethylene glycol (PEG) + ascorbate (Asc) is the only recommended 1L PEG product in
Europe and the United States. Its efficacy was demonstrated in large-scale controlled trials
and confirmed in smaller-scale real-world studies. However, no large-scale real-world data
exist.
Patients and methods This observational, retrospective,
multicenter study, used outpatient follow-up data from medical records from 10 centers in
Spain and two in Portugal. Outpatients aged ≥18 years using 1L PEG + Asc as bowel preparation
were included. The main outcome measures were overall adequate colon cleansing (Boston Bowel
Preparation Scale [BBPS] score ≥6 with BBPS score ≥2 in each segment) and high-quality
cleansing of the right colon (BBPS score=3).
Results Data from 13169 eligible patients were included. Overall
cleansing success was achieved in 89.3% (95%CI 88.7%-89.8%) and high-quality cleansing in the
right colon in 49.3% (95%CI 48.4%–50.2%) of patients. For the overnight split-dose and
same-day regimens, overall adequate quality cleansing success rate was 94.7% and 86.7% (P<0.0001) and high-quality cleansing of the right colon rate was
65.4% and 41.4% (P<0.0001), respectively. Colonoscopy was
completed in 97.3% of patients, with non-completion due to poor preparation in only 0.8%; 2.3%
of patients experienced at least one adverse event (AE).
Conclusions This large-scale, real-world study demonstrates the
effectiveness of 1L PEG + Asc in the total and right colon, with a low percentage of patients
with AEs in routine clinical practice.
Seltene vaskuläre Erkrankungen der Netzhaut – Teil 1
Authors: Heimann Heinrich , Schüler Andreas , Kellner Ulrich , Lommatzsch Albrecht , Krause Lothar 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungNeben der diabetischen Retinopathie und den arteriellen und venösen Verschlusserkrankungen existiert eine Reihe weiterer Ursachen für vaskuläre Netzhauterkrankungen, deren Früherkennung für
die Differenzialdiagnose und Therapie bedeutsam sind. Diese Übersicht stellt wichtige generalisierte oder periphere vaskuläre Netzhauterkrankungen vor. Der zweite Teil fasst vaskuläre
Netzhauterkrankungen mit vorwiegend makulärer Symptomatik zusammen.
Glass transition temperatures of binary oxides from ab initio simulations
Authors: Prasai Kiran , Bassiri Riccardo , Cheng Hai-Ping , Fejer Martin M. 
Published: August 2023

The glass transition temperatures of common binary oxides, including those with low glass-forming ability, are estimated using pair distribution functions (PDFs) from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The computed glass transition temperatures for good glass-formers such as silica (SiO2), germania (GeO2), and boron oxide (B2O3) are in agreement with measured values. These calculations are then used to compute the glass transition temperatures of alumina (Al2O3), tantala (Ta2O5), and telluria (TeO2), which are known to exhibit low glass-forming ability. For Al2O3 and Ta2O5, we also compute the simulated caloric curve from molecular dynamics simulations using two-body empirical force fields. Finally, we discuss the possibility of extracting the glass transition temperature by measuring the thermal broadening of the PDFs from scattering measurements.
An analysis of Gursey-Radicati mass formula for tetraquark systems
Authors: Sharma Ankush , Upadhyay Alka 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this work, the extended Gursey-Radicati mass formula is used to analyze the masses of the tetraquark system with configurations

Q

q

¯

q

q

¯

/

q

q

¯

q

Q

¯

,

Q

q

¯

Q

q

¯

/

qq

Q

¯

Q

¯

,

Q

Q

¯

q

Q

¯

/

QQ

q

¯

Q

¯

and

QQ

Q

¯

Q

¯

(Q = c, b). The discovery of two singly heavy tetraquark structures

T

c

s

¯

0

a

(
2900
)

++

and

T

c

s

¯

0

(
2900
)

0

at LHCb acts as a motivation for this work. They were observed in the

D

s

+

π

+

and

D

s

+

π

−

invariant mass spectra in two B-decay processes

B

+

→

D

−

D

s

+

π

+

and

B

0

→

D

0

¯

D

s

+

π

−

, respectively. By using the SU(3)
f
flavor representation, we classified the recently observed singly heavy tetraquarks having quark content

u

d

¯

c

s

¯

and

u

¯

dc

s

¯

in octet representation with J

P
value 0+ and forming the isospin triplet(I = 1). Our thorough comparison of mass spectra with both experimental and theoretical data demonstrates reasonable agreement. Further, decay channels and widths for the hidden-charm tetraquark states are computed in the framework of the diquark-antidiquark model. Our results may provide useful enlightenment for future experimental studies.
Influence of electroless NiP/graphene coating on treated woven ramie fiber and its characterization
Authors: Mylsamy Goudilyan , Krishnasamy Prabu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Over the years, several researchers have attempted to develop a functional surface through coating technology. However, developing a natural fiber into a functional material continues to be a challenging task. Herein, in the current study, an attempt is made to deposit nickel-phosphorus (NiP)/Graphene (Gr) on the surface of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treated ramie fiber (RF) to improve its electrical conductivity and wettability. The influence of NaOH treatment, NiP/Gr coating on the fiber surface is studied by microstructural analysis, elemental compositions, x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), wettability, and electrical conductivity. The obtained results confirm the presence of NiP and Graphene on the treated-coated ramie fiber with intensity peaks at 45° and 28°. The analysis of the microstructures reveal the cauliflower and flakes structure of NiP and graphene. The NaOH-treated and NiP-coated sample (T/NiP/RF) has enhanced electrical conductivity of 56.7% when compared to the untreated NiP-coated sample (NiP/RF), whereas the addition of graphene (T/NiP/Gr/RF) increases the electrical conductivity by 74% (14.85 (Ω cm)−1) compared to T/NiP/RF (8.54 (Ω cm)−1).
Estimation of the S34(0) S-factor for 3He(α, γ)7Be reaction by using distorted wave born approximation and artificial neural network
Authors: Kocak G , Pasayigit E , Akkoyun S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The astrophysical S-factor and total cross-section of

3

He

α
,
γ

7

Be

radiative capture reaction are analyzed using the first-order distorted wave born approximation and artificial neural network. To make estimations of S34(0) at energies going to zero, we have used an artificial neural network model as a new approximation in this area. First, we obtain distorted wave born approximation results using the Gaussian and Woods-Saxon potentials. After, we evaluate artificial neural network approximation to analyze reaction observables of the

3

He

α
,
γ

7

Be

system. Our results show that artificial neural network model is a powerful candidate as an extrapolation model for astrophysical energies for estimating of the S-factor observable.
Multi-species thermalization cascade of energetic particles in the early universe
Authors: Drees M. , Najjari B. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Heavy long-lived particles are abundant in BSM physics and will, under generic circumstances, get to dominate the energy density of the universe. The resulting matter dominated era has to end through the decay of the heavy matter component particles of mass M, and before the universe cools down to a temperature of a few MeV, in order not to upset the successful predictions of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. The process of thermalization of their decay products, of initial energy ∼ M/2, into a thermal bath of temperature T primarily involves near-collinear splittings of energetic particles into two particles with lower energy. The correct treatment of these processes requires the inclusion of coherence effects which suppress the splitting rate. We write down and numerically solve the resulting coupled Boltzmann equations including all gauge bosons and fermions of the unbroken phase of the Standard Model (SM). We then comment on the dependence of the nonthermal spectra on the ratio M/T, as well as on the matter decay rate and branching ratios into various SM particles.
Dynamic Wisp Removal in JWST NIRCam Images
Authors: Robotham A. S. G. , D’Silva J. C. J. , Windhorst R. A. , Jansen R. A. , Summers J. , Driver S. P. , Wilmer C. N. A. , Bellstedt S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) near-infrared camera has been found to exhibit serious wisp-like structures in four of its eight short-wavelength detectors. The exact structure and strength of these wisps is highly variable with the position and orientation of JWST, so the use of static templates is non-optimal. Here we investigate a dynamic strategy to mitigate these wisps using long-wavelength reference images. Based on a suite of experiments where we embed a worst-case scenario median-stacked wisp into wisp-free images, we define suitable parameters for our wisp removal strategy. Using this setup we re-process wisp-affected public Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science data in the North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Field, resulting in significant visual improvement in our detector frames and reduced noise in the final stacked images.
A multisource transportation network model explaining allometric scaling
Authors: Jia Xiang-Yu , Liu Er-Jian , Yang Yitao , Yan Xiao-Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The universal scaling relationship between an attribute and the size of a system is widespread in nature and society and is known as allometric growth. Previous studies have explained that the allometric growth exponent of single-source systems is uniquely determined by the dimension. However, the phenomenon that the exponent shows diversity in some systems, such as rivers, freight transportation and gasoline stations, lacks a reasonable explanation. In this paper, we hold the view that allometric growth may originate from efficient delivery from sources to transfer sites in a system and propose a multisource transportation network model that can explain diversified allometric growth exponents. We apply this model to some multisource systems, and the results show that our model successfully reproduces the diversity of the allometric growth exponent.