bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure, Kinematics, and Observability of the Large Magellanic Cloud’s Dynamical Friction Wake in Cold versus Fuzzy Dark Matter
Authors: Foote Hayden R. , Besla Gurtina , Mocz Philip , Garavito-Camargo Nicolás , Lancaster Lachlan , Sparre Martin , Cunningham Emily C. , Vogelsberger Mark , Gómez Facundo A. , Laporte Chervin F. P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) will induce a dynamical friction (DF) wake on infall to the Milky Way (MW). The MW’s stellar halo will respond to the gravity of the LMC and the dark matter (DM) wake, forming a stellar counterpart to the DM wake. This provides a novel opportunity to constrain the properties of the DM particle. We present a suite of high-resolution, windtunnel-style simulations of the LMC's DF wake that compare the structure, kinematics, and stellar tracer response of the DM wake in cold DM (CDM), with and without self-gravity, versus fuzzy DM (FDM) with m

a
= 10−23 eV. We conclude that the self-gravity of the DM wake cannot be ignored. Its inclusion raises the wake’s density by ∼10%, and holds the wake together over larger distances (∼50 kpc) than if self-gravity is ignored. The DM wake’s mass is comparable to the LMC’s infall mass, meaning the DM wake is a significant perturber to the dynamics of MW halo tracers. An FDM wake is more granular in structure and is ∼20% dynamically colder than a CDM wake, but with comparable density. The granularity of an FDM wake increases the stars’ kinematic response at the percent level compared to CDM, providing a possible avenue of distinguishing a CDM versus FDM wake. This underscores the need for kinematic measurements of stars in the stellar halo at distances of 70–100 kpc.
Gravitational Wave Eigenfrequencies from Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Wolfe Noah E. , Fröhlich Carla , Miller Jonah M. , Torres-Forné Alejandro , Cerdá-Durán Pablo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are predicted to produce gravitational waves (GWs) that may be detectable by Advanced LIGO/Virgo. These GW signals carry information from the heart of these cataclysmic events, where matter reaches nuclear densities. Recent studies have shown that it may be possible to infer the properties of the proto-neutron star (PNS) via GWs generated by hydrodynamic perturbations of the PNS. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding of how these relationships may change with the properties of CCSNe. In this work, we build a self-consistent suite of over 1000 exploding CCSNe from a grid of progenitor masses and metallicities combined with six different nuclear equations of state (EOS). Performing a linear perturbation analysis on each model, we compute the resonant GW frequencies of the PNS, and we motivate a time-agnostic method for identifying characteristic frequencies of the dominant GW emission. From this, we identify two characteristic frequencies, of the early- and late-time signal, that measure the surface gravity of the cold remnant neutron star, and simultaneously constrain the hot nuclear EOS. However, we find that the details of the CCSN model, such as the treatment of gravity or the neutrino transport, and whether it explodes, noticeably change the magnitude and evolution of the PNS eigenfrequencies.
The GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky Survey for Pulsars and Transients. VI. Discovery of Nulling, Localization, and Timing of PSR J1244–4708
Authors: Singh S. , Roy J. , Sharma Shyam S. , Bhattacharyya B. , Kudale S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Many pulsars in the known population exhibit nulling, which is characterized by a sudden cessation and subsequent restoration of radio emission. In this work, we present the localization, timing, and emission properties of a pulsar discovered by the GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky survey: J1244–4708. Moreover, we find that this pulsar shows nulling, with a nulling fraction close to 60%. A quasiperiodicity is also seen in the nulling from this pulsar with two timescales. We demonstrate the broadband nature of nulling in this pulsar using simultaneous observations in band-3 (300–500 MHz) and band-4 (550–750 MHz) with the upgraded GMRT. We also present a comparison of the efficiency of various search approaches such as single pulse search, fast folding algorithm (FFA)–based search, and fast Fourier transform–based search to search for nulling pulsars. We demonstrated that the FFA search is advantageous for detecting extreme nulling pulsars, which is also confirmed with multiple epochs of observations for the nulling pulsars using the GMRT.
XMM-Newton Observations of Two Archival X-Ray Weak Type 1 Quasars: Obscuration Induced X-Ray Weakness and Variability
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Luo Bin , Brandt W. N. , Du Pu , Hu Chen , Huang Jian , Pu Xingting , Wang Jian-Min , Yi Weimin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We report XMM-Newton observations of two examples of an unclassified type of X-ray weak quasars from the Pu et al. survey of X-ray weak quasars in the Chandra archive, SDSS J083116.62+321329.6 at z = 1.797 and SDSS J142339.87+042041.1 at z = 1.702. They do not belong to the known populations of X-ray weak quasars that show broad absorption lines, weak ultraviolet (UV) broad emission lines, or red optical/UV continua. Instead, they display typical quasar UV spectra and spectral energy distributions. In the XMM-Newton observations, both quasars show nominal levels of X-ray emission with typical quasar X-ray spectral shapes (power-law photon indices of

1.99

−
0.23

+
0.27

and

1.86

−
0.14

+
0.15

), displaying strong X-ray variability compared to the archival Chandra data (variability factors of

4.0

−
1.4

+
1.6

and

9.0

−
3.8

+
7.4

in terms of the 2 keV flux density). Simultaneous optical (rest-frame UV) spectra indicate no strong variability compared to the archival spectra. Long-term optical/UV and infrared light curves do not show any substantial variability either. We consider that the X-ray weakness observed in the Chandra data is due to X-ray obscuration from a small-scale dust-free absorber, likely related to accretion-disk winds. Such X-ray weak/absorbed states are probably rare in typical quasars, and thus both targets recovered to X-ray nominal-strength states in the XMM-Newton observations.
Rapid Formation of Gas-giant Planets via Collisional Coagulation from Dust Grains to Planetary Cores. II. Dependence on Pebble Bulk Density and Disk Temperature
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Tanaka Hidekazu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Thanks to “dust-to-planet” simulations (DTPSs), which treat the collisional evolution directly from dust to giant-planet cores in a protoplanetary disk, we showed that giant-planet cores are formed in ≲10 au in several 105 yr, because porous pebbles grow into planetesimals via collisions prior to drift in 10 au. However, such porous pebbles are unlikely to reproduce the polarized millimeter wavelength light observed from protoplanetary disks. We thus investigate gas-giant core formation with nonporous pebbles via DTPSs. Even nonporous bodies can grow into planetesimals and massive cores that are possible to be gas giants are also formed in several 105 yr. The rapid core formation is mainly via the accretion of planetesimals produced by collisional coagulation of pebbles drifting from the outer disk. The formation mechanism is similar to the case with porous pebbles, while core formation occurs in a wider region (5–10 au) than that with porous pebbles. Although pebble growth and core formation depend on the disk temperature, core formation is likely to occur with disk temperatures in typical optical thick disks around protostars.
Energy Dissipation in Magnetic Islands Formed during Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Lu Quanming , Huang Kai , Guan Yundan , Lu San , Wang Rongsheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Magnetic reconnection converts magnetic energy into particle kinetic energy, and satellite observations have shown that 20%–50% of magnetic energy is channeled into electron kinetic energy. How such a large amount of magnetic energy is dissipated into electron kinetic energy is in debate. In this paper, by performing a large-scale 2D particle-in-cell simulation of magnetic reconnection with a guide field, we find that there exist both ion and electron shear flows in magnetic islands formed during magnetic reconnection, which are unstable to the ion and electron Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) instabilities. With the development of the K-H instabilities, the magnetic field lines are twisted in these magnetic islands, and intensified electron-scale current sheets are consequently generated. We quantitatively analyze the energy dissipation during such a process in magnetic islands and find that electrons obtain kinetic energy from the magnetic field while ion kinetic energy is transferred into magnetic energy. At last, it results that about 42% of magnetic energy is dissipated into electron kinetic energy in the whole process of magnetic reconnection. Our results help us better understand why a large amount of magnetic energy can be dissipated into electron kinetic energy.
Formation of CO2 Driven by Photochemistry of Water Ice Mixed with Carbon Grains
Authors: Potapov Alexey , Semenov Dmitry , Jäger Cornelia , Henning Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present results on photochemistry of carbon-grains/water-ice mixtures at temperatures from 10 to 150 K. Such a temperature range corresponds to the physical conditions found in molecular clouds, hot cores and corinos, protostellar envelopes, and planet-forming and debris disks. We demonstrate that UV irradiation of carbon-grains/water-ice mixtures leads to the formation of CO2, which, beyond the desorption temperature of CO2 partly escapes into the gas phase, and partly remains trapped on the surface of grains. Thus, we present the first direct evidence of the efficient formation of CO2 on carbon surfaces covered by water ice at high temperatures (up to 150 K) leading to a conclusion that the known low-temperature formation route of CO2 remains valid at high temperatures as long as H2O is present on carbon grains. Moreover, we demonstrate an improved capability of the dust-surface/crystalline-water-ice interface (as compared to amorphous water ice) to trap CO2 in the solid state well above the CO2 desorption temperature. The high-temperature chemical pathway to CO2 may lead to the chemical erosion of carbonaceous grains in planet-forming disks, providing an alternative explanation of the loss of solid carbon in the innermost disk regions that resulted in the formation of carbon-poor Earth and other terrestrial planets in the solar system.
Electron-impact Excitation of Pt i–iii: The Importance of Metastables and Collision Processes in Neutron Star Merger and Laboratory Plasmas
Authors: Bromley S. J. , McCann M. , Loch S. D. , Ballance C. P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The detection of a gravitational-wave signal and subsequent electromagnetic transient from a neutron star merger in 2017 is consistent with expectations of neutron star mergers as an r-process element production site. Within the first few days post-merger, the kilonova spectra are consistent with a blackbody illuminating a mix of heavy, r-process elements. With increasing time, the kilonova transitions to the non-LTE regime where the level populations and ionization balance are determined by both collisional and photoprocesses. Detailed cross section data for electron-impact processes involving the relevant species are often not available. In such circumstances, it is reasonable to use approximate methods as baseline data for use in spectral modeling, and it is useful to evaluate the accuracy of such methods against more sophisticated collision calculations when possible. We describe new calculations of the electron-impact excitation cross sections of Pt i–iIi using the DARC R-matrix codes. Using collisional-radiative models, we show that, at plasma conditions expected in kilonovae, the expressions of van Regemorter and Axelrod are insufficient for producing electron-impact excitation data for complex, heavy species such as the low charge states of Pt. Through comparisons with data generated with the relativistic distorted wave approach, as implemented in the Flexible Atomic Code, we show the distorted wave method produces cross section data that, when incorporated into spectral models, predicts strong spectral feature distributions similar in intensity to those from models built on data computed with the R-matrix approach for the considered ions and plasma conditions.
A Luminous Precursor in the Extremely Bright GRB 230307A
Authors: Dichiara S. , Tsang D. , Troja E. , Neill D. , Norris J. P. , Yang Y.-H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
GRB 230307A is an extremely bright long-duration GRB with an observed gamma-ray fluence of ≳3 × 10−3 erg cm−2 (10–1000 keV), second only to GRB 221009A. Despite its long duration, it is possibly associated with a kilonova, thus resembling the case of GRB 211211A. In analogy with GRB 211211A, we distinguish three phases in the prompt gamma-ray emission of GRB 230307A: an initial short duration, spectrally soft emission; a main long duration, spectrally hard burst; and a temporally extended and spectrally soft tail. We interpret the initial soft pulse as a bright precursor to the main burst and compare its properties with models of precursors from compact binary mergers. We find that to explain the brightness of GRB 230307A, a magnetar-like (≳1015 G) magnetic field should be retained by the progenitor neutron star. Alternatively, in the postmerger scenario, the luminous precursor could point to the formation of a rapidly rotating massive neutron star.
Les politiques du « vieillissement actif » dans le secteur bancaire en Suisse
Authors: Le Feuvre Nicky , Rougier Nathalie 
Published: September 2023

Historiquement, le secteur bancaire suisse a externalisé le vieillissement au travail, principalement par le biais de mesures de retraite anticipée pour les cadres (hommes), de réduction du temps de travail en fin de carrière ou de plans sociaux ciblant les employé·es les plus âgé·es. Après le départ d’une partie disproportionnée des plus de 50 ans au cours des années 2000, il y a quelques signes d’un engagement récent des banques suisses en faveur du « vieillissement actif », c’est-à-dire le maintien en emploi des salarié·es âgé·es. Cet article examine ce changement d’orientation. À partir d’entretiens menés avec des travailleurs et travailleuses âgé·es (50+), des managers et responsables RH, ainsi que de l’analyse des rapports officiels, nous explorons les politiques de gestion de l’âge adoptées dans deux grandes banques suisses. L’analyse permet de montrer que le discours officiel en faveur d’une prolongation de la vie active s’adosse à une vision négative du vieillissement au travail, qui est associé à l’obsolescence des compétences et aux difficultés d’adaptation au changement, organisationnel ou technologique. Logiquement, les travailleurs et travailleuses âgé·es sont sceptiques quant à la sincérité de ce changement de politique et prennent leurs distances à l’égard de ces initiatives. Nous montrons que l’évacuation historique des seniors du secteur bancaire helvète a laissé des traces profondes dans les esprits. Dans ce contexte spécifique, l’adoption de politiques de « gestion de l’âge » tend à être perçue comme une nouvelle forme de discrimination à l’égard des seniors.
Reconsidération d’Orgnac 3 dans le temps et l’espace : implications pour la reconstruction des origines néandertaliennes – version abrégée
Authors: Lewis Jason E. , Combier† Jean , Slimak Ludovic 
Published: September 2023

L’un des objectifs importants de la recherche paléoanthropologique et archéologique est de clarifier les données qui restent encore mal cernées du Pléistocène moyen (PM). Combler les lacunes du PM eurasiatique nous permet de mieux comprendre l'évolution comportementale et biologique des humains archaïques, des Néandertaliens, des Denisoviens, et de leurs ancêtres. Orgnac 3, situé en France méditerranéenne, est particulièrement adapté pour aborder ces questions. Cet article présente le site à de nouveaux lecteurs, résume les travaux antérieurs réalisés sur le site et son matériel, et propose différents points de vue fondés sur une nouvelle analyse de son matériel faunique. Sur la base des éléments de démonstration actuellement disponibles, il faut envisager que la séquence d'Orgnac 3 soit probablement beaucoup plus ancienne que ce qui est généralement accepté. Cette vaste séquence pourrait ainsi dater des OIS 12-8, et non seulement des OIS 9-8 comme cela a été traditionnellement proposé. Les dents d'homininés, qui n'ont pas été décrites en détail ni assignées à un taxon, dateraient d'environ 375 à 400 000 ans, période centrale du débat sur la divergence entre les populations néandertalienne, dénisovienne et humaine moderne. Des analyses plus exactes et plus précises du matériel paléontologique, archéologique et géologique d'Orgnac 3 sont nécessaires pour clarifier notre compréhension de l'évolution des homininés pendant le PM.
Phototherapy (photobiomodulation) for peripheral nerve and muscle injury
Authors: Rochkind Shimon 
Published: September 2023

Severe peripheral nerve and muscle injuries are a highly prevalent condition for both civilians and military personnel caused by traffic accidents, work injuries, acts of violence, as well as combat events.
Peripheral nerve injury is a substantial problem that annually affects more than several millions of people all over the world. For most patients who suffer from severe peripheral nerve injuries spontaneous recovery may eventually occur, but it is slow and frequently incomplete. Effective posttraumatic nerve repair and decrease or prevention of corresponding muscle atrophy remain a great challenge to restorative medicine. A certain clinical interest began to appear in the potential therapeutic value of laser phototherapy (new name – laser photobiomodulation) for regeneration enhancement of injured peripheral nerve as well as for restoration or prevention of denervated muscle atrophy. Although a pioneering report regarding the effects of laser phototherapy on the regeneration of traumatically injured peripheral nerves was published in the late 1970s,1 it is only since the end of past century - early 2000s that scientific interest in this therapeutic approach for neural rehabilitation has appeared, leading to publication of several studies that have shown positive effects of phototherapy on peripheral nerve regeneration.2 [...]
Undergraduate medical students’ self-perceived knowledge and attitude toward health disparities
Authors: Yi Yew Q , Amber Aashika B , Dhaarsinii Hema , Ravichandran Ruhan D , Parmar Kareena K , Htay Mila N N , Moe Soe , Soe Htoo Htoo Kyaw 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Context:
Good health and well-being for all constitute the third sustainable development goal established by the United Nations which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for everyone at all ages. However, health disparities are a rampant yet often neglected issue in many nations across the world.

Aims:
We aimed to determine medical students’ self-perceived knowledge and attitude toward health disparities as well as the association among gender, ethnicity, family income, and self-perceived health disparities.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of private medical university in Malaysia.

Materials and Methods:
Online questionnaire was distributed. A total of 123 students participated. Statistical analysis used: Chi-Squared test and Fisher exact test were calculated.

Results:
60.97% of the medical students agreed that they would be able to demonstrate empathy toward multiple difficulties faced by patients from underserved populations. There were significant associations between students’ family income and medical students’ comfort of addressing health issues in six underserved populations such as immigrants and refugees (P = 0.005), lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer community (P = 0.001), homeless (P = 0.018), incarcerated individuals (P = 0.003), those who are mentally ill or those with substance abuse (P < 0.001), and veterans (P = 0.029).

Conclusions:
Most of the students had adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and a good holistic self-perception toward health disparities. We recommended medical institutes to provide learning environments for student to be exposed to underserved populations which will help to strengthen students’ attitudes and commitment to underserved communities.
Conventional lymphangiography and radiological intervention in a patient with chyle leak
Authors: Nair Mohanan Nair Manish , Kannan Ramiah Rajesh , Sreekumar Karumathil Pullara , Chandrasekharan Rajsekar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Conventional lymphangiography uses Lipiodol, an oil based viscous contrast medium. Lipiodol is injected into the lymphnode and the opacified lymphatic channels are visualized under fluoroscopy. This case report is of a 40 yrs old female patient, who had extensive chylous ascites due to post surgical lymphatic channel interruption and leak. The diagnosis was confirmed with Conventional lymphangiogram and the leaking channel was successfully embolized with glue cast.
Extraluminal migration of a foreign body: A bolt from the blue
Authors: Abraham Sania M , Bhate Janhvi J , Faizal Bini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One of the most frequently encountered emergencies in otolaryngology practice is ingested foreign body. In most cases, patients present within the first 24–48 h of ingestion with complaints of foreign body sensation or difficulty in swallowing. Few of these foreign bodies can perforate the upper digestive tract and an even smaller number of these can migrate extraluminally. The late presentation may result in more life-threatening complications such as neck abscess, mediastinitis or perforation, and injury to the common carotid artery. Here, we report a rare case of fish bone migration to the thyroid gland.
Spatio-temporal distribution & seasonality of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 & H5N8 outbreaks in India, 2006-2021
Authors: Pawar Shailesh D. , Kode Sadhana S. , Keng Sachin S. , Tare Deeksha S. , Pande Satish A. 
Published: September 2023

Background & objectives:
The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and H5N8 viruses have been one of the leading causes of avian diseases worldwide, resulting in severe economic losses and posing potential zoonotic risk. There are no reports on the correlation of the seasonality of H5N1 and H5N8 viruses with the migratory bird season in India, along with the species affected. The present report describes the distribution and seasonality of HPAI outbreaks in India from 2006 to 2021.

Methods:
The data on the occurrence and locations of outbreaks in India and affected bird species were collated from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations database and grouped by month and year. The distribution and seasonality of HPAI H5N1 and H5N8 viruses were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 284 H5N1 outbreaks were reported since 2006, with a surge in 2021. The initial outbreaks of H5N1 were predominantly in poultry. Since 2016, 57 outbreaks of H5N8 were also reported, predominantly in wild birds. Most of the outbreaks of HPAI were reported from post monsoon onwards till pre-summer season (i.e. between October and March) with their peak in winter, in January. Apart from poultry, the bird species such as owl, Indian peafowl, lesser adjutant, crows and wild migratory birds such as demoiselle crane, northern pintail and bar-headed goose were positive for HPAI.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Such studies on the seasonality of HPAI outbreaks would help in the development of prevention and control strategies. The recent human infections of H5N1 and H9N2 viruses highlight the need to strengthen surveillance in wild, resident, migratory birds and in poultry along with One Health studies in India.