bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Splenic abscess due to non-operative management of splenic injury: a case report
Authors: Moghimi Zahra , Sadeghian Ehsan , Notash Aidin Yaghoobi , Sobhanian Ehsan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Splenic abscess is a rare disease, with incidence of 0.2–0.7% in previous studies. It often appears with left upper quadrant abdominal pain, fever, chills. Splenic abscess often happens because of hematogenous spreading of infections, endocarditis, angioembolization and some other rare reasons. Treatment relies on one of these two methods: percutaneous drainage or surgery.

Case presentation
A 68-year-old diabetic Asian female (Asian woman) presented with generalized abdominal pain, low blood pressure, tachycardia, fever, lethargy and elevated level of blood sugar. She had history of conservative therapy in intensive care unit due to blunt abdominal trauma and splenic injury. She had a huge splenic abscess in ultrasonography and computed tomography scan so she went under splenectomy. Our patient had a splenic abscess without performing any intervention like angioembolization.

Conclusion
Immune compromised patients who are selected for nonoperative management after splenic injury need close follow up and evaluating about abscess formation for at least 2 weeks. Early diagnosis and treatment with two methods including percutaneous drainage or splenectomy should be considered and it depends on patient’s risk factors, vital signs, general conditions and presence or absence of sepsis.
Experimental Evaluation of Tension and Shear Capacities of New Headed Cast-in Specialty Inserts in Cracked Concrete
Authors: Jeong Sang-Deock , Oh Chang-Soo , Lee Chang-Hwan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHeaded cast-in specialty inserts are often developed and employed for their improved constructability and time-saving benefits over traditional cast-in and post-installed anchors. Their acceptance criteria (AC 446) were established by The International Code Council Evaluation Service. However, previous research on the behavioral characteristics of headed specialty inserts is rare. This study investigates the performance of a newly developed insert anchor for use as an earthquake-resistant anchor for fire protection systems and suspended lightweight piping. Firstly, three cyclic tension tests of the specialty insert with a threaded rod were conducted in accordance with AC 446. These tests resulted in all experimental subjects achieving the target strength without defects. Subsequently, monotonic tension and shear tests of the insert anchor in cracked concrete were performed five times each to assess the tensile and shear capacities of the new insert anchor. The results were compared with the nominal strength determined by the anchor design equation provided by the ACI 318 for cast-in headed anchors, finding that the latter adequately approximates the concrete breakout strength of the new insert anchor in tension but underestimates the concrete pryout strength in shear. Based on the measured breakout failure surface angles, a projected area of the failure cone of the corresponding anchor with a relatively large head size is proposed.
MRI-based radiomic prognostic signature for locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: development, testing and comparison with genomic prognostic signatures
Authors: Corti Anna , De Cecco Loris , Cavalieri Stefano , Lenoci Deborah , Pistore Federico , Calareso Giuseppina , Mattavelli Davide , de Graaf Pim , Leemans C. René , Brakenhoff Ruud H. , Ravanelli Marco , Poli Tito , Licitra Lisa , Corino Valentina , Mainardi Luca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
. At present, the prognostic prediction in advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) is based on the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system, and the most used imaging modality in these patients is magnetic resonance image (MRI). With the aim to improve the prediction, we developed an MRI-based radiomic signature as a prognostic marker for overall survival (OS) in OCSCC patients and compared it with published gene expression signatures for prognosis of OS in head and neck cancer patients, replicated herein on our OCSCC dataset.

Methods
For each patient, 1072 radiomic features were extracted from T1 and T2-weighted MRI (T1w and T2w). Features selection was performed, and an optimal set of five of them was used to fit a Cox proportional hazard regression model for OS. The radiomic signature was developed on a multi-centric locally advanced OCSCC retrospective dataset (n = 123) and validated on a prospective cohort (n = 108).

Results
The performance of the signature was evaluated in terms of C-index (0.68 (IQR 0.66–0.70)), hazard ratio (HR 2.64 (95% CI 1.62–4.31)), and high/low risk group stratification (log-rank p < 0.001, Kaplan-Meier curves). When tested on a multi-centric prospective cohort (n = 108), the signature had a C-index of 0.62 (IQR 0.58–0.64) and outperformed the clinical and pathologic TNM stage and six out of seven gene expression prognostic signatures. In addition, the significant difference of the radiomic signature between stages III and IVa/b in patients receiving surgery suggests a potential association of MRI features with the pathologic stage.

Conclusions
Overall, the present study suggests that MRI signatures, containing non-invasive and cost-effective remarkable information, could be exploited as prognostic tools.
Transplantation of adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments promotes therapy of critical limb ischemia
Authors: Park Gyu Tae , Lim Jae Kyung , Choi Eun-Bae , Lim Mi-Ju , Yun Bo-Young , Kim Dae Kyoung , Yoon Jung Won , Hong Yoon Gi , Chang Jae Hoon , Bae Seong Hwan , Ahn Jung Yong , Kim Jae Ho 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments are functional vessel segments derived from arterioles, capillaries, and veins. Microvascular fragments can be used as vascularization units in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering containing microvascular networks. However, the in vivo therapeutic and vascularization properties of human microvascular fragments have not been investigated.

Methods
In this study, we isolated microvascular fragments, stromal vascular fractions, and mesenchymal stem cells from human lipoaspirate and studied their therapeutic efficacy and in vivo vasculogenic activity in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia. In addition, in vivo angiogenic activity and engraftment of microvascular fragments into blood vessels were measured using Matrigel plug assay.

Results
Both microvascular fragments and stromal vascular fractions contain not only mesenchymal stem cells but also endothelial progenitor cells. In a Matrigel plug assay, microvascular fragments increased the number of blood vessels containing red blood cells more than mesenchymal stem cells and stromal vascular fractions did. The engraftment of the microvascular fragments transplanted in blood vessels within the Matrigel plug significantly increased compared to the engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells and stromal vascular fractions. Moreover, intramuscular injection of microvascular fragments markedly increased blood flow in the ischemic hindlimbs and alleviated tissue necrosis compared to that of mesenchymal stem cells or stromal vascular fractions. Furthermore, transplanted microvascular fragments formed new blood vessels in ischemic limbs.

Conclusions
These results suggest that microvascular fragments show improved engraftment efficiency and vasculogenic activity in vivo and are highly useful for treating ischemic diseases and in tissue engineering.

Graphical Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments are vascularization units in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering containing microvascular networks. Intramuscular injection of microvascular fragments markedly increased blood flow in the ischemic hindlimbs and alleviated tissue necrosis. The present study suggests that microvascular fragments show improved engraftment efficiency and vasculogenic activity in vivo and are highly useful for treating ischemic diseases and in tissue engineering.
Burnout and anxiety among parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alrahili Nader 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are disabilities in brain functioning that cause impairments in cognition, communication, behavior, and sometimes motor skills. The goal of this study was to measure burnout and anxiety among parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders compared to parents of children with typical development in Saudi Arabia.

Results
Four hundred twenty-five parents of healthy and parents of children with NDDs, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability (ID), and their parents. Parents of children with NDD had more anxiety and burnout relative to parents of typically developing children, and parents of children with ADHD experienced higher levels of anxiety and depression than parents of children with ASD or ID.

Conclusion
Parents of children with various neurodevelopmental disorders face a greater degree of psychological distress than parents of typically developing children. Parents of children with NDDs should be provided with interventions and resources to reduce stress and enhance their standard of living.
Laparoscopic-assisted versus complete transanal pull-through using Swenson technique in treatment of Hirschsprung’s disease
Authors: Fakhry Tamer , Rabee Ahmed , Lolah Magdy , Nabil Ahmed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to compare outcomes for neonates and infants with Hirschsprung’s disease undergoing a laparoscopically assisted transanal pull-through (LAPT) with those undergoing a complete transanal pull-through (TERPT) using Swenson procedure in both groups.

Method
Forty patients with Hirschsprung’s disease were operated between January 2018 and January 2022. Twenty patients underwent transanal endorectal pull through TERPT while the other 20 patients underwent laparoscopic assisted pull through (LAPT) using Swenson procedure (TERPT) in both groups.
Age at operation, presenting symptoms, operative time complications, and degree of continence were evaluated. Bowel functions were assessed using the Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score.

Results
The mean age of the patients at the time of operation were 18.9 months for the transanal group versus 21.3 months for the laparoscopic group. The mean follow-up period was 6 months, ranging from 3 to 12 months. The rate of enterocolitis occurred in 15% of cases in transanal group versus 10% of cases in the laparoscopic group. Constipation was found in 25% of cases of TERPT group versus 10% of cases in the LAPT group. The rates of normal continence (score 0:4) was 60% vs 50% for TERPT vs LAPT respectively while the rate of severe incontinence (score 15:20) was 20% vs 5% for TERPT vs LAPT respectively.

Conclusion
The functional outcomes after LAPT was satisfactory in term of fecal soiling compared to trans anal approach this may be due to less pelvic dissection compared to transanal pull through.
A Novel CRYBB2 Silent Variant in Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataracts (ADCC) in Pakistani families
Authors: Hussain Maryam , Muhammad Khushi , Khan Muhammad , Ud Din Aziz 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Congenital Cataract is a type of ophthalmic genetic disorder that appears at birth or in early childhood. Among 30 genes, CRYBB2 is one of the most common and a water-soluble protein of lens’s that code for the βB2-crystallin. This study aimed to investigate the novel silent mutation in CRYBB2 of exon six in the Pakistani families of Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataracts (ADCC).
Methods: It is a family-based study that presents three to five-generations of two Pakistani families. Data and blood samples from the families were collected from January to August 2019 from LRBT (Layton Rahmatullah Benevolent Trust) Hospital, Mansehra, Pakistan. We only included patients >15 years old. Before enrollment in the current study, each patient obtained a thorough optical examination. Samples were moved to the molecular lab using the collection and storage method. The phenol-chloroform technique was used to extract the DNA. The technique of Sanger sequencing was used to find any potential mutation in some of the selected families. Statistical and bioinformatics analysis were carried out.
Results: By using bioinformatics tools, the novel silent mutation was identified. Heterozygous silent mutation of CRYBB2 of exon 6 (c. 495G>A) was detected by the alignment of sequences. Computational prediction program did not predict the silent mutation.
Conclusion: This study investigated a novel important sequence variant in the beta-crystalline protein that causes autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC) in Pakistani families. Thus, our study enlarges the CRYBB2 mutation spectrum and associated phenotypes to help clinical diagnosis of human genetic diseases.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7061
How to cite this: Hussain M, Muhammad K, Khan M, Aziz Ud Din. A Novel CRYBB2 Silent Variant in Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataracts (ADCC) in Pakistani families. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7061
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Undergraduate research in medical schools in Pakistan: Relevance, Needs, and Importance
Authors: Burney Asif Ali , Burney Ikram Ali , Dherwani Kabir 
Published: July 2023

Recent trends in medical education demand practicing physicians to be competent in playing multiple roles. Life-long learning skills underpinned by research & scholarly activity will enable them to play these roles adequately. Therefore, the introduction of structured training in research during early undergraduate years is pivotal. This would enable trainee physicians to develop essential skills; the institutions will grow in terms of visibility & ranking; the trainers and supervisors will be satisfied in terms of research productivity and, most importantly the patients will benefit in terms of improved clinical outcomes.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7137
How to cite this: Burney AA, Burney IA, Dherwani K. Undergraduate research in medical schools in Pakistan: Relevance, Needs, and Importance. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7137
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Economic Ability as a Kafā'ah Principle and the Recognition of Difabel Marriage Guardian in As-Silāḥ fī Bayāni An-Nikāḥ by Khalil Al-Bangkalany
Authors: Zuhriyah Lailatul , Muna Nailal 
Published: July 2023

Fuqaha (Islamic jurists) have extensively deliberated upon the notions of kafā'ah and marriage guardianship. Many subsequent scholars have adopted and adapted the opinions of their predecessors concerning these two concepts. This article examines Al-Bangkalany's perspectives on kafā'ah and marriage guardianship as presented in his book As-Silāḥ fī Bayāni An-Nikāḥ. Within this work, Al-Bangkalany's viewpoint on kafā'ah and marriage guardianship is considered distinct. The contents of this article are the outcome of a comprehensive literature review, involving the analysis of the concepts of kafā'ah and marriage guardianship within the book As-Silāḥ fī Bayāni An-Nikāḥ. According to Al-Bangkalany, the notion of kafā'ah, as portrayed in fiqh literature, does not serve as the primary criterion for selecting a bride. Instead, the pivotal principle revolves around the groom's ability to adequately provide for the family's needs. Furthermore, Al-Bangkalany argues that individuals with disabilities, such as blindness, deafness, or muteness, can assume the role of marriage guardians after receiving suitable assistance. The intellectual capacity of the guardian, on the other hand, does not determine their eligibility for the role of marriage guardian.[Para fuqaha telah mendiskusikan konsep kafā'ah dan wali nikah. Pendapat-pendapat fuqaha tersebut biasanya diapropriasi oleh ulama-ulama belakangan baik dengan atau tanpa memodernisasi konsep tersebut. Artikel ini mengkaji pendapat Al-Bangkalany tentang kafā'ah dan wali perkawinan dalam kitabnya As-Silāḥ fī Bayāni An-Nikāḥ. Dalam buku tersebut, ia dianggap memiliki pandangan tentang Kafā'ah dan wali nikah yang unik. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian pustaka. Data dikumpulkan dengan menelaah konsep kafā'ah dan wali nikah dalam buku Al-Bangkalany As-Silāḥ fī Bayāni An-Nikāḥ. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa, menurut Al-Bangkalany, konsep kafā’ah sebagaimana dalam berbagai kitab fikih bukanlah patokan utama dalam memilih pasangan. Namun prinsip utama yang perlu ditegaskan adalah calon mempelai pria harus memiliki kemampuan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga setelah pernikahan dilangsungkan. Sedangkan tentang wali nikah, Al-Bangkalany berpendapat bahwa penyandang disabilitas (buta, tuli, dan bisu) dapat menjadi wali nikah dengan bantuan sarana pendukung. Wali nikah juga tidak ditentukan dari pengetahuan intelektual sang wali.]
What makes representations good representations for science education? A teacher-oriented summary of significant findings and a practical guideline for the transfer into teaching
Authors: Tonyali Büşra , Ropohl Mathias , Schwanewedel Julia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Existing instructional materials for chemistry offer a huge range of different external representations that can be used by chemistry teachers to support students’ understanding of chemical concepts like the concept structure of matter. In science, different kinds of representations are usually combined forming multiple external representations. Examples are combinations of texts, pictures, figures, diagrams, graphs, tables, schemes etc. However, these multiple external representations often have problematic features and/or do not meet students’ subject-related learning needs. For example, many external representations do not take different representational levels into account and/or mix information on the macroscopic level with those from the submicroscopic level. Such representations have the potential to favor students’ misconceptions who often struggle with separating different representational levels. Therefore, it is important to highlight crucial characteristics of external representations that potentially facilitate students’ learning of chemical concepts at lower secondary schools (age group 10–14). When chemistry teachers consider and reflect crucial characteristics of representations and adapt existing external representations or develop new ones, these new representations can become powerful cognitive tools helping to make instruction in chemistry more effective and coherent. This article answers the question What makes representations good representations in science education? by describing features of effective learning with decisive characteristics of multiple external representations and highlighting these characteristics by means of concrete examples from chemistry learning. Finally, an online tool will be outlined that can help teachers to improve multiple external representations for use in chemistry classes.
Swelling behavior of thermally modified timber from a cellular and chemical perspective
Authors: Gao Yufa , Zhou Yongdong , Fu Zongying , Van Den Bulcke Jan , Van Acker Joris 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Thermally modified timber (TMT) reduces hygroscopicity, increases dimensional stability, and decay resistance. Although there is a substantial amount of research on heat-treated wood, investigations on the sensitivity of cell wall swelling behavior to water variation are limited. Therefore, this study focused on the swelling behavior of TMT from cellular and chemical perspectives. The effects of heat treatment on the hygroscopicity and swelling behavior of the wood cell walls were studied using dynamic vapor sorption and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Changes in the chemical composition and cellulose crystallinity were studied using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that the hygroscopic swelling of latewood significantly decreased with increasing treatment temperature, reducing the anisotropy of the wood cell swelling. The hygroscopicity of wood was reduced by heat treatment, and a clear decrease in hysteresis was observed at elevated treatment temperatures. The FTIR spectra indicated that both hemicellulose and lignin were degraded. The crystallinity and lateral size of the cellulose increased after heat treatment. Similar changes in the chemical composition and crystallinity of cellulose were observed in the latewood and earlywood.
Synthesis of the ribosomal RNA precursor in human cells: mechanisms, factors and regulation
Authors: Daiß Julia L. , Griesenbeck Joachim , Tschochner Herbert , Engel Christoph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The ribosomal RNA precursor (pre-rRNA) comprises three of the four ribosomal RNAs and is synthesized by RNA polymerase (Pol) I. Here, we describe the mechanisms of Pol I transcription in human cells with a focus on recent insights gained from structure-function analyses. The comparison of Pol I-specific structural and functional features with those of other Pols and with the excessively studied yeast system distinguishes organism-specific from general traits. We explain the organization of the genomic rDNA loci in human cells, describe the Pol I transcription cycle regarding structural changes in the enzyme and the roles of human Pol I subunits, and depict human rDNA transcription factors and their function on a mechanistic level. We disentangle information gained by direct investigation from what had apparently been deduced from studies of the yeast enzymes. Finally, we provide information about how Pol I mutations may contribute to developmental diseases, and why Pol I is a target for new cancer treatment strategies, since increased rRNA synthesis was correlated with rapidly expanding cell populations.
BUYING WINE ONLINE OR OFFLINE: SOME DETERMINANTS OF BUYER INTENT FOR FRENCH CONSUMERS
Authors: Pelet J. E. 
Published: July 2023

This paper aims at determining the reasons why customers prefer to buy wine online or offline, the first comprising both mobile-commerce (m-commerce) and e-commerce platforms. In particular, this research strives to understand effects of social influence and enjoyment on the intention to purchase wine from online and offline touchpoints. Moreover, the goal is to find out about the differences in the behaviour of French wine buyers and explain the choice of channel buyers prefer to use when they purchase wine.To answer our research questions, data was collected through an online questionnaire. A theoretical model is suggested and tested by the use of SmartPLS3. Online and offline buyers are compared using multi-group analysis (MGA) technique. Wine buyers are compared by the use of one-way ANOVA through SPSS 19.To date no paper has examined the differences between shopping behaviour in a retail store or on e-commerce or m-commerce platforms considering perceived enjoyment and social influence constructs. Hence, this contribution brings to the fore preliminary results on wine shopping behaviour and reveals what drives consumers to make a decision in favour of buying wine online or offline.The results show that fun and social influence affect intention to buy wine from offline touchpoints. Enjoyment also strongly and significantly affects the intention to buy wine from online touchpoints.