bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positron emission tomography‐adapted therapy in low‐risk diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: results of a randomized, phase III, non‐inferiority trial
Authors: Shi Qing , He Yang , Yi Hong‐Mei , Mu Rong‐Ji , Jiang Xu‐Feng , Fu Di , Dong Lei , Qin Wei , Xu Peng‐Peng , Cheng Shu , Song Qi , Chen Sai‐Juan , Wang Li , Zhao Wei‐Li 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe current standard of care for non‐bulky diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with an International Prognostic Index (IPI) of 0 is four cycles of rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R‐CHOP) but whether the same efficacy can be achieved with reduced chemotherapy regimen of four cycles for non‐bulky DLBCL patients with an IPI of 1 remains unclear. This study compared four cycles versus six cycles of chemotherapy in non‐bulky low‐risk DLBCL patients with negative interim positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET‐CT, Deauville 1‐3), irrespective of age and other IPI risk factors (IPI 0‐1).MethodsThis was an open‐label, randomized, phase III, non‐inferiority trial. Patients aged 14‐75 years with newly diagnosed low‐risk DLBCL, according to IPI, achieving PET‐CT confirmed complete response (CR) after four cycles of R‐CHOP were randomized (1:1) between four cycles of rituximab (4R‐CHOP+4R arm) or two cycles of R‐CHOP plus two cycles of rituximab (6R‐CHOP+2R arm). The primary endpoint was 2‐year progression‐free survival (PFS), conducted in the intention‐to‐treat population. Safety was assessed in patients with at least one cycle of assigned treatment. The non‐inferiority margin was ‐8%.ResultsA total of 287 patients were included in the intention‐to‐treat analysis, the median follow‐up was 47.3 months, and the 2‐year PFS rate was 95% (95% confidence interval [CI], 92% to 99%) and 94% (95% CI, 91% to 98%) for the 4R‐CHOP+4R and 6R‐CHOP+2R arm. The absolute difference in 2‐year PFS between the two arms was 1% (95% CI, ‐5% to 7%), supporting the non‐inferiority of 4R‐CHOP+4R. Grade 3‐4 neutropenia was lower in the last four cycles of rituximab alone in the 4R‐CHOP+4R arm (16.7% versus 76.9%), with decreased risk of febrile neutropenia (0.0% versus 8.4%) and infection (2.1% versus 14.0%).ConclusionsFor newly diagnosed low‐risk DLBCL patients, interim PET‐CT after four cycles of R‐CHOP was effective in identifying patients with Deauville 1‐3 who would have a good response and Deauville 4‐5 patients who might have high‐risk biological features or develop resistance. Reducing the standard six cycles to four cycles of chemotherapy had comparable clinical efficacy and fewer adverse events in low‐risk, non‐bulky DLBCL with interim PET‐CT confirmed CR.
Delayed epiphyseal closure in an adult with panhypopituitarism detected by 99mTc‐MDP bone SPECT/CT
Authors: Ning Yu , Liu Xiaoji , Chen Yao , Cai Min , Li Sijin 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe reported a 23‐year‐old male patient with panhypopituitarism who underwent two resections for craniopharyngioma and received postoperative hormone replacement therapy. The 99mTc‐MDP bone scan revealed focal high uptake of radioactive nuclide in multiple large joints. The SPECT/CT demonstrated the focal high uptake in their metaphysis. Thus, delayed epiphyseal closure was considered.
Anesthetic considerations in an infant with femoral hypoplasia‐unusual facies syndrome and Pierre Robin sequence: A case report
Authors: Partyka Lauren M. 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageFemoral hypoplasia‐unusual facies syndrome is a rare condition of unknown etiology. The phenotype consists of significant femoral hypoplasia with characteristic facial malformations that often overlap with findings seen in patients with Pierre Robin sequence. Anesthesia providers must prepare for difficult intravenous access, difficult airway management, and uncertainties with regional anesthesia.AbstractFemoral hypoplasia‐unusual facies syndrome (FHUFS) or femoral facial syndrome is a rare and sporadic condition of unknown etiology. The phenotype consists of significant femoral hypoplasia with characteristic facial malformations that often overlap with findings seen in patients with Pierre Robin sequence. FHUFS is known to cause challenges with anesthesia, including difficulty with endotracheal intubation. Anesthesia providers must be aware of the possible coexistence of FHUFS and Pierre Robin sequence. They need to prepare for difficult intravenous access, difficult airway management, and uncertainties with regional anesthesia.
Pemigatinib treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 fusion detected by a liquid comprehensive genomic profiling test
Authors: Ishido Shun , Tamaki Nobuharu , Inada Kento , Itakura Jun , Takahashi Yuka , Uchihara Naoki , Suzuki Keito , Tanaka Yuki , Miyamoto Haruka , Yamada Michiko , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Nobusawa Tsubasa , Keitoku Taisei , Takaura Kenta , Tanaka Shohei , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Yasui Yutaka , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Kurosaki Masayuki , Izumi Namiki 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe liquid CGP was useful for detecting FGFR2 fusion and the patient experienced typical side effects (nail disorders, hyperphosphatemia, and taste disorders) of pemigatinib that required treatment.
Controllability and Energy‐Saving Ability of the Dividing‐Wall Column for Batch Distillation
Authors: Qian Xing , Xu Wentao , Yuan Yang , Li Qiang , Ding Huidian , Chen Haisheng , Huang Kejin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe batch distillation is significant and flexible to separate liquid mixtures. However, it is usually energy intensive. The dividing‐wall column (DWC) is a promising and practical energy‐saving process intensification technology. The DWC for batch distillation (batch DWC) to separate benzene, toluene, and xylene mixtures was examined with composition and temperature control structures to verify its controllability. Besides, the batch DWC outperforms the conventional single‐column batch distillation and middle‐vessel batch distillation in terms of distillation time and energy consumption under the same conditions. In terms of more practical temperature control results, the batch DWC saves 63 % of energy compared with the conventional single‐column batch distillation and 47 % of energy compared with the middle‐vessel batch distillation.
Addition of Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes to Fe‐ and Ru‐Metallopolymer Electrodes Enhances Response Time and Cycling Stability in Electrochromic Cells
Authors: Niklaus Lukas , Schott Marco , Giffin Guinevere A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetallopolymers (MEPEs) show a strong absorption band attributed to a metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition. Fe‐MEPE and Ru‐MEPE thin films switch reversibly from blue‐purple (λmax=584 nm, Fe2+) to colorless (Fe3+) or orange (λmax=518 nm, Ru2+) to pale green (Ru3+). The addition of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) enhances the electrochromic (EC) properties of Fe‐ and Ru‐MEPE electrodes in several ways: (1) faster response for bleaching/coloring; (2) enhanced Coulombic efficiency; and (3) improved cycling stability, particularly for Ru‐MEPE. Moreover, the charge density of the thin film electrodes can be increased upon the addition of the MWCNTs. This performance improvement is demonstrated in electrochromic devices (ECDs) with titanium‐doped vanadium oxide (TiVOx) as the optically‐passive ion storage layer. The visible light transmittance τv values of the ECDs are improved by the addition of the MWCNTs from 20 %/56 % to 17 %/56 % and from 31 %/47 % and 34 %/55 % in the dark/bright state, for Fe‐MEPE and Ru‐MEPE, respectively. Thus, the addition of MWCNTs to Fe‐ or Ru‐MEPE is a very promising route for future fast‐switching EC applications, e. g., displays, sunroofs, and rear‐view mirrors.
Regiocontrol via Electronics: Insights into a Ru‐Catalyzed, Cu‐Mediated Site‐Selective Alkylation of Isoquinolones via a C−C Bond Activation of Cyclopropanols
Authors: Jha Neha , Guo Wentao , Kong Wang‐Yeuk , Tantillo Dean J. , Kapur Manmohan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA site‐selective C(3)/C(4)‐alkylation of N‐pyridylisoquinolones is achieved by employing C−C bond activation of cyclopropanols under Ru(II)‐catalyzed/Cu(II)‐mediated conditions. The regioisomeric ratios of the products follow directly from the electronic nature of the cyclopropanols and isoquinolones used, with electron‐withdrawing groups yielding predominantly the C(3)‐alkylated products, whereas the electron‐donating groups primarily generate the C(4)‐alkylated isomers. Density functional theory calculations and detailed mechanistic investigations suggest the simultaneous existence of the singlet and triplet pathways for the C(3)‐ and C(4)‐product formation. Further transformations of the products evolve the utility of the methodology thereby yielding scaffolds of synthetic relevance.
An approach to study recruitment/derecruitment dynamics in a patient‐specific computational model of an injured human lung
Authors: Geitner Carolin M. , Becher Tobias , Frerichs Inéz , Weiler Norbert , Bates Jason H. T. , Wall Wolfgang A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present a new approach for physics‐based computational modeling of diseased human lungs. Our main object is the development of a model that takes the novel step of incorporating the dynamics of airway recruitment/derecruitment into an anatomically accurate, spatially resolved model of respiratory system mechanics, and the relation of these dynamics to airway dimensions and the biophysical properties of the lining fluid. The importance of our approach is that it potentially allows for more accurate predictions of where mechanical stress foci arise in the lungs, since it is at these locations that injury is thought to arise and propagate from. We match the model to data from a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to demonstrate the potential of the model for revealing the underlying derangements in ARDS in a patient‐specific manner. To achieve this, the specific geometry of the lung and its heterogeneous pattern of injury are extracted from medical CT images. The mechanical behavior of the model is tailored to the patient's respiratory mechanics using measured ventilation data. In retrospective simulations of various clinically performed, pressure‐driven ventilation profiles, the model adequately reproduces clinical quantities measured in the patient such as tidal volume and change in pleural pressure. The model also exhibits physiologically reasonable lung recruitment dynamics and has the spatial resolution to allow the study of local mechanical quantities such as alveolar strains. This modeling approach advances our ability to perform patient‐specific studies in silico, opening the way to personalized therapies that will optimize patient outcomes.
Machine Learning for Analysis of Microscopy Images: A Practical Guide and Latest Trends
Authors: Zinchuk Vadim , Grossenbacher‐Zinchuk Olga 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe explosive growth of Machine Learning provided scientists with insights into the data in the ways unattainable using established research techniques. It allowed the detection of biological features that were previously unrecognized and overlooked. Yet, since Machine Learning methodology originates from informatics, many cell biology laboratories experience difficulties with implementing it. In preparing this article, we targeted the rapidly expanding audience of cell and molecular biologists who perform analysis of microscopy images and seek to add Machine Learning models to their research workflow. We review the advantages of using Machine Learning in microscopy projects, describe the Machine Learning pipeline, and share practical guidelines for building the models. The latest developments in the rapidly expanding field are also given. The technical survey is concluded with an overview of the tools required for model creation and advice on their use. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Enhancing the anticancer immune response with the assistance of drug repurposing and delivery systems
Authors: Fu Zile , Zhang Xiaoming , Gao Yanfeng , Fan Jia , Gao Qiang 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe immune system plays a pivotal role in the initiation, evolution, invasion and metastasis of cancer. Therapeutics aiming at modulating or boosting anticancer immune responses have experienced immense advances during the past decades, for example, anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 monoclonal antibodies.Main bodyConcomitant with advancements in the understanding of novel mechanisms of action, conventional or emerging drugs bearing the potential to be repurposed for enhancing anticancer immunity have been identified. Meanwhile, ongoing advances in drug delivery systems enable us to utilise novel therapeutic strategies and impart drugs with fresh modes of action in tumour immunology.ConclusionHerein, we systemically review these kinds of drugs and delivery systems that can unleash the anticancer response through various aspects, including immune recognition, activation, infiltration and tumour killing. We also discuss the current caveats and future directions of these emerging strategies.
Dropper method for cytology slide staining: An effective and sustainable approach to eliminating cross contamination
Authors: Ward Michael , Chadwick Barbara , Abraham Dev 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCytopathology laboratories must ensure effective measures to prevent cross‐contamination during slide staining. As such, slides with high potential for cross‐contamination are usually stained separately, by dipping slides into a series of Romanowsky‐type stains, with periodic (usually weekly) filtering and replacement of stains used. Our 5‐year experience and a validation study of an alternative dropper method is presented. In this method, cytology slides are placed in a staining rack, a small amount of stain is applied to each using a dropper. Because of the small amount of stain used, this dropper method requires no filtering or reuse of stain, eliminating the possibility of cross contamination and reducing the total amount of stain used. In our 5‐year experience, we report a complete elimination of cross contamination due to staining, excellent staining quality, and a slight reduction in overall stain expenditure.
Nontarget catches of traps with chemical lures may refer to the flower‐visitation, probable pollination, and feeding of bush crickets (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae)
Authors: Nagy Antal , Ősz Aletta , Tóth Miklós , Rácz István András , Kovács Szilvia , Szanyi Szabolcs 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe diurnal bees, lepidopterans, and other pollinators are among the most studied flower‐visiting insect taxa. They mostly play distinct functions in temperate grasslands and ecotones of grassland‐forest mosaics (such as in forest steppes). Although orthopterans are widely distributed in these habitats, however, their flower visitation is nearly unknown, especially in the temperate zone. During the development of traps with chemical lures to catch Lepidoptera pests, large numbers of Orthoptera were caught that provide a chance for studying the flower visitation and odor and indirectly the host plant preference of seven temperate zone Tettigoniidae species. Data on the attractivity of isoamyl alcohol‐based semisynthetic lures for Meconema thalassinum and efficiency of phenylacetaldehyde‐based lures on Leptophyes albovittata and Phaneroptera falcata were reported for the first time. Additionally, analysis of nature photos collected from internet sources, as part of a passive citizen science also supports the revealed preference of these species. Based on photos, the studied orthopterans mainly visit Asteraceae species including the most preferred Tanacetum vulgare, Pulicaria dysenterica, Achillea millefolium, Solidago canadensis, and Centaurea scabiosa. Based on catches of volatile traps, the first data were recorded on the attractivity of phenylacetaldehyde‐ and isoamyl alcohol‐based lures on three temperate zone Orthoptera species. Results of a passive citizen science study strengthen these results that may increase the knowledge on the host plant and habitat preference of Orthoptera species.
The association between early maladaptive schemas and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sayyadi Amin , Maleksaabet Mohammad Mehdi , Gozashti Mohammad Hossein 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionDiabetes is a disease with high prevalence and causes heavy economic burden. Mental and physical health are tied together and their interaction determines one's health or sickness. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are suitable indicators of mental health. We investigated the association between EMSs and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study in 2021 on 150 patients with T2DM. We used two questionnaires a demographic data questionnaire, and a Young Schema Questionnaire 2 – Short Form for gathering the data. We also performed laboratory tests on our participants and used the results of fasting blood sugar and haemoglobin A1c to evaluate glycaemic control.ResultsMost of our participants were females (66%). Most of our patients were 41–60 years old (54%). There were only three single participants, and 86.6% of our individuals did not have a university degree. Total mean ± SD for EMSs score was 192.45 ± 55.66; self‐sacrifice (19.09 ± 4.64) and defectiveness/shame (8.72 ± 4.45) had the highest and lowest EMSs scores, respectively. None of the demographic data had any significant impact on EMSs scores or glycaemic control, but generally, younger patients with higher levels of education had better glycaemic control. Participants with higher scores for defectiveness/shame and insufficient self‐control had significantly worse glycaemic control.ConclusionMental and physical health are tied together, and paying attention to psychological aspects in prevention and management of physical disorders is crucial. EMSs, especially defectiveness/shame and insufficient self‐control are associated with glycaemic control of T2DM patients.
Synthesis of Thiophene‐fused Helicenes
Authors: Vallejos González Victorino , Kahle Justin , Hüßler Christopher , Heckershoff Robin , Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Birenheide Bernhard , Hauser Adrian , Podlech Joachim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of three penta‐ and three hexahelicenes containing two terminal thiophene units is described. The syntheses of pentahelicenes consist of 1,4‐bisalkynylation of a benzene precursor and double Suzuki coupling in 2,3‐position to introduce thiophene units. The ortho,ortho’ fusion yielding the final products was achieved with Fürstner's protocol using platinum(II) chloride or JohnPhos‐complexed gold(I) as catalysts. A similar approach to hexahelicenes started with a naphthalene derivative, where 2,7‐bisalkynylation and subsequent double Suzuki coupling with thiophene‐2‐boronic acid at 1,8‐position furnished precursors, in which ortho,ortho’ fusion to the respective hexahelicenes was achieved with platinum(II) chloride or, favourably, with indium(III) chloride. UV/Vis spectra and cyclic voltammograms were recorded for all helicenes and HOMO/LUMO gaps were calculated with DFT methods.
Application of response surface methodology to optimize the emissions and performance of a dual fuel engine using diesel and dimethyl ether
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Yadav Vinod Singh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a single‐cylinder, water‐cooled, four‐stroke VCR engine at a fixed CR were evaluated using DME and diesel with timed manifold injections of 2, 3, 4, and 5 ms for DME and conventional diesel settings. The investigational trials showed that DME has the capability to reduce NOxand OP while used in an optimized range and to have clean combustion characteristics. Induction of DME under low to medium load conditions resulted in a reduction in NOx, OP, and BTE with an increase in HC, whereas at higher load settings, NOxincreased with an increase in diesel energy share. The dual fuel combustion was characterized by a short ignition delay, an early start of combustion, and increased in‐cylinder pressure due to the increased compression work input during the cycle. The absence of carbon–carbon bonds in DME molecules caused low soot emissions during dual fuel combustion. After experimentation, RSM was applied to the results for parametric optimization and found to be a useful tool for reducing the error as well as minimizing the number of trials. The optimum settings were achieved at 2 kW load and 4 ms duration, where the desirability function reached a value of 0.94189. The regression equations developed by the model were validated by 9 random experiments, and the error is found to be acceptable. The engine should be operated at medium load to control NOx, and the DME energy share should be low and near 50%.
Biodiesel production from sunflower and waste cooking oils using K2O/RGO catalyst
Authors: Ghavami Sara , Akhlaghian Faranak , Mohammadiazar Sirwan , Rahmani Farhad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiodiesel, touted as a viable alternative to fossil fuels, has attracted interest due to its environmentally friendly nature, renewability, and high combustion yield. This study utilized K2O/RGO heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production through the transesterification of sunflower and waste cooking oils. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was prepared from graphite via the modified Hummers' method and potassium was subsequently deposited on it. The K2O/RGO catalyst was characterized using a variety of techniques, including FTIR, SEM, XRD, ASAP, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM. The study further investigated the impacts of the temperature, molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst dose and time; and optimized the process with the response surface method. The characteristics of biodiesel fell within the ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214 standard ranges. The K2O/RGO catalyst demonstrated reusability for up to four cycles. Maximum biodiesel yields of 98.54% for sunflower oil and 96.89% for waste cooking oil were achieved under operating conditions of 70°C temperature, 19.5 methanol to oil molar ratio, 2 wt.% catalyst dose, and 8.5 h time duration.
Phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of ethanol extracts of perilla seed meal
Authors: Choi Ga‐Young , Han Young‐Sil , Sim Ki‐Hyeon , Kim Myung‐Hyun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPerilla frutescens is a medicinal herb that is commonly cultivated in Asian countries. Perilla seed is extensively pressed for cooking oil extraction. However, phenolic chemicals are still abundant in pressed perilla seed meal (PSM), which was previously thought to be useless after oil extraction. In our study, PSM was extracted using five solvents (water and 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% ethanol) based on different ethanol concentrations, and its antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, and inhibitory effects against key enzymes related to diabetes mellitus were evaluated. The 75% ethanol extract had higher phenolic (105.58 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (66.52 mg QE/g DW) contents and showed better antioxidant and inhibitory effects against α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase. Analysis of the phenolic compounds of the five extracts by HPLC indicated the presence of apigenin, rosmarinic acid, benzoic acid, caffeic acid, and vanillic acid. Therefore, because of its high antioxidant activity and inhibitory capacity against enzymes relevant to diabetes, the 75% ethanol extract of perilla seed meal has the most potential to be used as a functional or nutraceutical food in the prevention and treatment of oxidation and diabetes.