bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative analysis of ferroptosis regulators for clinical prognosis based on deep learning and potential chemotherapy sensitivity of prostate cancer
Authors: Guo Tuanjie , Yuan Zhihao , Wang Tao , Zhang Jian , Tang Heting , Zhang Ning , Wang Xiang , Chen Siteng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExploring useful prognostic markers and developing a robust prognostic model for patients with prostate cancer are crucial for clinical practice. We applied a deep learning algorithm to construct a prognostic model and proposed the deep learning-based ferroptosis score (DLFscore) for the prediction of prognosis and potential chemotherapy sensitivity in prostate cancer. Based on this prognostic model, there was a statistically significant difference in the disease-free survival probability between patients with high and low DLFscore in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (P &lt; 0.0001). In the validation cohort GSE116918, we also observed a consistent conclusion with the training set (P = 0.02). Additionally, functional enrichment analysis showed that DNA repair, RNA splicing signaling, organelle assembly, and regulation of centrosome cycle pathways might regulate prostate cancer through ferroptosis. Meanwhile, the prognostic model we constructed also had application value in predicting drug sensitivity. We predicted some potential drugs for the treatment of prostate cancer through AutoDock, which could potentially be used for prostate cancer treatment.
Virgin territory
Authors: McKenzie Christopher 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The British Virgin Islands has recently introduced a substantial number of reforms in relation to trusts and estates. These have been made in addition to those innovations relating to variation, reservation of powers and the jurisdiction’s firewall offering, which are considered in earlier articles in this periodical.1 These further reforms include those enabling foreign grants of representation to be resealed in the jurisdiction, the reintroduction of ‘the old rule in Hastings–Bass’ and refinements to the territory’s highly popular private trust company offering.
FIRE Mimics a 14-3-3–Binding Motif to PromotePhytophthora palmivoraInfection
Authors: Evangelisti Edouard , Guyon Alex , Shenhav Liron , Schornack Sebastian 
Published: February 2023

The oomycete Phytophthora palmivora infects a wide range of tropical crops worldwide. Like other filamentous plant pathogens, it secretes effectors to colonize plant tissues. Here, we characterize FIRE, an RXLR effector that contains a canonical mode I 14-3-3 phospho-sensor–binding motif that is conserved in effectors of several Phytophthora species. FIRE is phosphorylated in planta and interacts with multiple 14-3-3 proteins. Binding is sensitive to the R18 14-3-3 inhibitor. FIRE promotes plant susceptibility and co-localizes with its target around haustoria. This work uncovers a new type of oomycete effector target mechanism. It demonstrates that substrate mimicry for 14-3-3 proteins is a cross-kingdom effector strategy used by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic plant pathogens to suppress host immunity.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Luck, an Inquisitive Mind, and Opportunities: Lessons Learned: A Blinded Study of Pulse Oximetry before It Became a Standard of Care
Authors: Coté Charles J. 
Published: February 2023

A Single-blind Study of Pulse Oximetry in Children. By CJ Coté, EA Goldstein, MA Cote, DC Hoaglin, and JF Ryan. Anesthesiology 1988; 68:184–8. Reprinted with permission.
Oxygen saturation determined by pulse oximetry was monitored in 152 pediatric surgical patients divided into two groups. In one group, the oximeter data and alarms were available (N = 76) to the anesthesia team, and, in the other group, these data were unavailable (N = 76). A trained observer recorded all intraoperative hypoxic episodes and informed the anesthesia team of all major events (i.e., oxygen saturation 85% or less for 30 s or more; Pao
2, approximately 52 mmHg). Thirty-five major events occurred: 24 in the unavailable group, and 11 in the available group (P = 0.021). A greater number of major events occurred in children 2 yr or younger (P = 0.013). Hypoxic events diagnosed by the oximeter, but not by the anesthesiologist, were more frequent in the unavailable group (13) than in the available group (5; P = 0.0495). American Society of Anesthesiologists (Schaumburg, Illinois) Physical Status III and IV patients were more likely to suffer a major event (P = 0.009 available, 0.006 unavailable). The pulse oximeter diagnosed hypoxemia before the signs and symptoms of hypoxemia were apparent (i.e., before observed cyanosis or bradycardia). Major hypoxic events were unrelated to duration of anesthesia. Major events were evenly distributed among induction, maintenance, and awakening from anesthesia; a greater number of hypoxic events occurred during induction in the unavailable group (P = 0.031). No morbidity was documented in any patient who suffered a hypoxic event. More patients experienced borderline oxygenation in room air at the end of anesthesia (90% saturation or less) in the unavailable group (12 of 60) than in the available group (3 of 57; P = 0.009). The authors conclude that pulse oximetry, in contrast to changes in vital signs, does provide an early warning of developing hypoxemia in anesthetized children.
Fluorescein Mapping in Vulvar Paget Disease
Authors: Wagar Matthew K. , Zhang Ran Catherine , Weisman Paul , Spencer Ryan J. , Kushner David M. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Vulvar Paget disease often requires extensive and, in some cases, multiple resections to treat. A fluorescein-mapping procedure followed by a staged vulvectomy may be an effective technique to tailor resection and identify clinically occult lesions.

TECHNIQUE:
We describe a two-step procedure; first, intravenous fluorescein sodium is injected, and the vulva is illuminated with a Wood's lamp. Representative biopsies are obtained and correlated on final pathology with the extent of disease to develop a final plan for excision. Second, using fluorescein to identify the confirmed areas of disease, the appropriate excisional procedure is performed once mapping biopsy pathology is known.

EXPERIENCE:
We describe our experience with eight patients with vulvar Paget disease undergoing fluorescein mapping biopsies and staged vulvectomy. Using intravenous fluorescein sodium, all patients were found to have Paget disease beyond the visible margins of their gross lesions. No patients experienced a recurrence of Paget disease within a median follow-up time of 32 months, comparable with other directed methods of surgical resection.

CONCLUSION:
We report a technique for the injection of fluorescein sodium for the visualization of vulvar Paget disease capable of providing accurate surgical margins and identification of occult satellite lesions with a high degree of safety and a favorable cost profile. This staged approach to vulvectomy could offer improved accuracy of resection for vulvar Paget disease with few drawbacks.
Instruments Assessing Cognitive Impairment in Survivors of Critical Illness and Reporting of Race Norms: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raman Rameela , DesAutels Spencer J. , Lauck Alana M. , Scher Alexa M. , Walden Rachel L. , Kiehl Amy L. , Collar Erin M. , Ely E. Wesley , Pandharipande Pratik P. , Jackson James C. 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To conduct a systematic review to summarize cognitive instruments being used in long-term outcome studies of survivors of adult critical illness, as well as evaluate whether these measures are reported as using patient demographic norms, specifically race norms.

DATA SOURCES:
A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (Ovid), Psychological Information Database (ProQuest), and Web of Science (Clarivate) for English language studies published since 2002.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies were eligible if the population included adult ICU survivors assessed for postdischarge cognitive outcomes.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two independent reviewers screened abstracts, examined full text, and extracted data from all eligible articles.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
A total of 98 articles (55 unique cohorts: 22 general ICU, 14 Acute respiratory distress syndrome/Acute respiratory failure/Sepsis, 19 COVID-19 and other subpopulations) were eligible for data extraction and synthesis. Among general ICU survivors, the majority of studies (n = 15, 68%) assessed cognition using multiple instruments, of which the most common was the Mini-Mental State Examination. Only nine of the 22 studies (41%) explicitly reported using patient demographic norms for scoring neuropsychological cognitive tests. Of the nine, all reported using age as a norming characteristic, education was reported in eight (89%), sex/gender was reported in five (55%), and race/ethnicity was reported in three (33%). Among Acute respiratory distress syndrome/Acute respiratory failure/Sepsis survivors, norming characteristics were reported in only four (28%) of the 14 studies, of which all reported using age and none reported using race/ethnicity.

CONCLUSIONS:
Less than half of the studies measuring cognitive outcomes in ICU survivors reported the use of norming characteristics. There is substantial heterogeneity in how studies reported the use of cognitive instruments, and hence, the prevalence of the use of patient norms may be underestimated. These findings are important in the development of appropriate standards for use and reporting of neuropsychological tests among ICU survivors.
Lagged acute respiratory outcomes among children related to ambient pollutant exposure in a high exposure setting in South Africa
Authors: Phaswana Shumani , Wright Caradee Y , Garland Rebecca M , Khumalo Thulie N , Naidoo Rajen N 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Acute ambient air pollution impacts on the respiratory health of children may be lagged across time. We determined the short-term lagged effects of particulate matter (PM2.5), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) on the respiratory health of children living in low-income communities.

Methods:
A school-based study was conducted using a repeated measures design, across summer and winter, in four schools in each of four suburbs in the Vaal Triangle, South Africa. Data for PM2.5, NOx, and SO2 were obtained from monitoring stations within close proximity of the schools. Over 10 school days in each phase, grade 4 children completed a symptoms log and lung function tests. Parents completed a child respiratory questionnaire. Generalized estimation equations models adjusted for covariates of interest in relation to lung function outcomes and air pollutants including lag effects of 1–5 days.

Results:
Daily PM2.5, NOx, and SO2 median concentration levels were frequently higher than international standards. Among the 280 child participants (mean age 9 years), the prevalence of symptoms based on probable asthma was 9.6%. There was a consistent increased pollutant-related risk for respiratory symptoms, except for NOx and shortness of breath. Lung function, associated with pollutant fluctuations across the different lags, was most pronounced for peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) for PM2.5 and SO2. A preceding 5-day average SO2 exposure had the largest loss (7.5 L/minute) in PEFR.

Conclusions:
Lagged declines in daily lung function and increased odds of having respiratory symptoms were related to increases in PM2.5 and SO2 among a school-based sample of children.
Ambient exposures to selected volatile organic compounds and the risk of prostate cancer in Montreal
Authors: Goldberg Mark S. , Zapata-Marin Sara , Labrèche France , Ho Vikki , Lavigne Eric , Valois Marie-France , Parent Marie-Elise 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Little is known about environmental factors that may increase the risk of prostate cancer. We estimated associations between incident prostate cancer and environmental concentrations of five ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs): benzene; n-decane; ethylbenzene; hexane; and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene.

Methods:
This study is based on a population-based case-control study of incident prostate cancer (PROtEuS) in men ≤ 75 years of age living in Montreal, Canada, in 2005 to 2012. We included 1172 cases and 1177 population controls. We had personal information, lifetime residential addresses, occupational exposures, and a variety of area-wide covariables. We inferred concentrations of the five VOCs using Bayesian geostatistical models using data from a dense environmental survey conducted in Montreal in 2005 to 2006. We used different sets of adjustments to estimate odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals.

Results:
We found nonlinear associations such that the ORs increased monotonically and then either flattened or fell off with increased exposures. The model that contained other environmental variables and contextual variables led to lower ORs and results were similar when we restricted analyses to controls recently screened or tested for prostate cancer or cases with low- or high-grade tumors. A change from the 5th to 25th percentile in mean environmental benzene levels led to an adjusted OR of 2.00 (95% confidence interval = 1.47, 2.71).

Conclusion:
We found positive associations between prostate cancer and concentrations of benzene and ethylbenzene, independently of previous testing for prostate cancer or tumor grade, suggesting that exposure to certain ambient VOCs may increase incidence.
Autologous Minimally Manipulated Homologous Adipose Tissue (AMHAT) for Treatment of Nonhealing Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Armstrong David G. , Harris Steven G. , Rasor Zachary , Zelen Charles M. , Kim Jeehee , Swerdlow Mark , Isaac Adam L. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Diabetic foot complications are increasingly burdensome for patients, clinicians, and society. Development of innovative therapies to support good quality basic care is a priority among those with an interest in this area. One of these involves scanning and printing tissues to match and conform to a defect (so-called 3D printing).

Methods:
A single-arm pilot study of ten consecutive patients with a history of a chronic diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), treated with autologous minimally manipulated homologous adipose tissue (AMHAT), dispensed by a specialized 3D bioprinter, Dr. INVIVO, was performed. Patients with nonhealing DFUs present for more than 4 weeks and refractory to standard-of-care therapies were included. Wounds were treated with a single application of AMHAT, and then followed up weekly for up to 12 weeks, or until the wounds healed. The primary outcome measure was complete epithelialization of the wound up to 12 weeks after the treatment. Secondary outcome measures included wound size and/or volume reduction, assessment of ulcer grade, and time to closure.

Results:
Five wounds were healed by 5 weeks and one at 8 weeks. The mean percent area reduction at 12 weeks was 78.3% (SD: 33.23). Complete closure was achieved in 60% of wounds. The mean time to closure in these wounds was 49.1 days (95% CI, 29.9–68.3). No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:
Single treatment of bioprinted AMHAT appears to be a safe and potentially effective treatment modality for patients with chronic DFUs. Further studies are warranted to explore the full potential of 3D bioprinting for tissue repair in this high-risk population.
Lactose Stabilization Prolongs In Vivo Retention of Cross-linked Fish Collagen Subcutaneous Grafts in Nude Mice
Authors: Yamaoka Hisayo , Yamaoka Keiko , Watanabe Shigekazu , Tanaka Hideyuki , Hosoyamada Makoto , Komuro Yuzo 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Bovine-derived collagen gel has been used in the medical field as an injection formulation, but there are concerns about cross-infection such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy. In this study, we attempted to use fish as a safe alternative to bovine collagen.

Objective:
Fish collagen has not been used in clinical settings, so we examined its potential by comparing its properties with those of bovine-derived collagen.

Methods:
Collagen was extracted from the ventral skin of flatfish. It was cross-linked with 1%, 3%, or 5% of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and treated with 1%, 5%, or 10% of lactose. Hydroxyproline contents and Young’s modulus (elasticity) were measured. In addition, these were injected under the back of BALB/c nude mice and the amount of hydroxyproline was observed. Histological examination of the samples was also conducted.

Results:
The amount of hydroxyproline in fish collagen was 3.3 ± 0.3 μg/mg. The 3% collagen gel treated with 5% EDC and 5% lactose had the highest Young’s modulus and was closest to the bovine-derived collagen injection formulation. When injected into mice, it was retained in vivo for about 90 days.

Conclusions:
Fish collagen has a low denaturation temperature and is unstable and easily biodegrades in mammalian organisms. However, it is possible to approach the properties of conventional mammalian collagen by cross-linking and lactose treatment, suggesting that fish collagen can be used as a scaffold for cells in regenerative medicine.
Full versus Baby Dose Aspirin for Antithrombotic Prophylaxis in Free Tissue Transfer: Does Size Matter?
Authors: Karamanos Efstathios , Hazboun Rajaie , Saad Noah , Bialowas Christie , Wang Howard , Cromack Douglas 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The postoperative prophylactic use of aspirin is a common practice among plastic surgeons after free tissue transfer. The use of baby aspirin (81 mg) has become more popular due to previously published literature in other fields. We hypothesized that a full dose daily aspirin is nonsuperior to a baby dose daily aspirin in preventing arterial thrombosis in free tissue transfer.

Methods:
All patients undergoing free tissue transfer of the extremities from 2008 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into two groups based on the postoperative dose of aspirin administered (full versus baby dose). The decision to administer full or baby dose was based on the surgeon’s preference. Primary outcome was revision of the arterial anastomosis. Secondary outcomes included flap complications.

Results:
A total of 183 patients were identified. Out of those, 78 patients received full dose aspirin postoperatively, whereas 105 received a baby dose of aspirin. Patients who received baby aspirin did not have a higher incidence of returning to the operating room for revision of their arterial anastomosis [7.6% versus 7.7%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.28‐3.11); adjusted P, 0.906]. No differences were found between the two groups in complete and partial flap loss, wound dehiscence, or infection. None of the patients experienced any aspirin-related gastrointestinal complications.

Conclusions:
In patients undergoing free tissue transfer, thrombosis of the arterial anastomosis is rare. Administration of a full dose of aspirin postoperatively was not superior to a baby dose of aspirin in preventing arterial-related complications.
NORMAL PERIPHERAL CHOROIDAL THICKNESS MEASURED BY WIDEFIELD OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Funatsu Ryoh , Sonoda Shozo , Terasaki Hiroto , Shiihara Hideki , Mihara Naohisa , Horie Juun , Sakamoto Taiji 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Choroidal stasis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many conditions and leads to choroidal thickening. However, the normal peripheral choroidal thickness (PCT) pattern remains unknown. This study investigated PCT and associated factors using ultrawidefield optical coherence tomography in healthy eyes.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 120 healthy eyes (57 males; age, 52.0 ± 20.5 years). We used choroidal thickness maps created by ultrawidefield optical coherence tomography (viewing angle, 200°) with real-shape correction. The peripheral area was defined from 60° to 100° and further separated vertically and horizontally. The PCT and the correlations between PCT and subjects' characteristics were examined.

Results:
The PCT were 227.1 ± 57.0 µm, 199.6 ± 53.9 µm, 196.6 ± 57.1 µm, and 148.0 ± 38.2 µm in supratemporal, infratemporal, supranasal, and infranasal areas, respectively. The thickest peripheral sector was most frequently observed in supratemporal (69.2%). The PCT negatively correlated with age in all regions (P-values < 0.001) and axial length in supratemporal, supranasal, and infranasal areas (P-values ≤ 0.003). The temporal PCT was thicker on the side contiguous with the posterior pole Haller's vessels (P-values ≤ 0.020).

Conclusion:
The PCT is associated with age, axial length, and the running pattern of Haller's vessels.
IMPACT OF MACULAR INTRARETINAL HEMORRHAGE AND MACULAR HOLE ON THE VISUAL PROGNOSIS OF SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE DUE TO RETINAL ARTERIAL MACROANEURYSM RUPTURE
Authors: Doi Shinichiro , Kimura Shuhei , Saito Shoko , Inoue Makoto , Sakurai Toshiya , Kobori Akira , Hisatomi Toshio , Imai Hisanori , Kuriyama Shoji , Takasu Ippei , Hosokawa Mio Morizane , Shiode Yusuke , Matoba Ryo , Suzuki Etsuji , Morizane Yuki 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To compare the effects of macular intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH) and macular hole (MH) on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after displacement of submacular hemorrhage (SMH) due to retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM) rupture.

Methods:
This multicenter retrospective study included 48 eyes with SMH due to RAM rupture. Cases underwent vitrectomy to displace SMH and were followed up for 6 months. We classified cases according to the presence of IRH and MH and compared the postoperative BCVA among the groups.

Results:
We classified the eyes into IRH(+)MH(+) group (10 eyes), IRH(+)MH(−) group (23 eyes), and IRH(−)MH(−) group (15 eyes). The postoperative BCVA was significantly worse in the IRH(+)MH(+) and IRH(+)MH(−) groups than in the IRH(−)MH(−) group (0.91 ± 0.41 in logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution units, Snellen equivalent 20/163, 0.87 ± 0.45, 20/148, and 0.18 ± 0.21, 20/30, respectively; P < 0.001). The postoperative central retinal thickness was significantly lower in the IRH(+) group (IRH(+)MH(+) and IRH(+)MH(−) groups combined) than in the IRH(−) group (IRH(−)MH(−) group) (121.4 ± 70.1 µm and 174.3 ± 32.9 µm, respectively, P = 0.008). The postoperative external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone continuities were significantly discontinuous in the IRH(+) group (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that both IRH(+)MH(+) and IRH(+)MH(−) were associated with the postoperative BCVA (regression coefficient, 0.799 and 0.711, respectively; P < 0.001 for both).

Conclusion:
Both IRH and MH were poor prognostic indicators in cases with SMH due to RAM rupture.
HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM PACEMAKER–RELATED ENDOCARDITIS PRESENTING AS ENDOGENOUS ENDOPHTHALMITIS
Authors: Chen Cindy , Morillas Jose A. , Rehm Susan J. , Taege Alan J. , Tan Carmela , Popovic Zoran , Baynes Kimberly , Srivastava Sunil K. 
Published: February 2023

Background/Purpose:
To report a unique case of pacemaker-related infective endocarditis manifesting as endogenous endophthalmitis with chorioretinitis secondary to Histoplasma capsulatum.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 75-year-old man was diagnosed with blood culture-negative infective endocarditis and was admitted with deteriorating vision and ocular inflammation. Examination of the eye indicated significant vitreous inflammation and retinitis. Vitreous cultures were negative, but universal fungal polymerase chain reaction of the vitreous fluid was positive for H. capsulatum. Histopathology of the fibrous cuff around the extracted right atrial lead demonstrated hyphal and yeast forms and polymerase chain reaction of this material identified H. capsulatum. Despite aggressive antifungal and surgical treatment, the eye became phthisical.

Conclusion:
We highlight the importance of considering H. capsulatum in the differential diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis, particularly among patients from endemic areas who present with possible endovascular infection.