bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Alternative Process Gases and Modifications for Manufacturing Heating Elements by Arc Spraying
Authors: Hauer M. , Ripsch B. , Krömmer W. , Henkel K.-M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, NiCr alloy coatings were deposited by arc spraying using different combinations and mixtures of pressurizing gases and other process modifications. Coating properties were examined mainly by SEM, EDS, and conductivity measurements. The results show significantly reduced oxygen contents and improved coating morphologies compared to reference coatings produced using current plasma processes. Improved microstructure is shown to have a positive effect on surface quality and specific resistivity, making it possible to texture arc-sprayed coatings just as successfully as the plasma-sprayed reference layers. Moreover, the temperature coefficients and resistivities of arc-sprayed NiCr were found to be superior to those of conventionally manufactured coatings.
How Al and Ta Diffusion Responses the Oxidation of NiCoCrAlYTa Coatings – Experiments
Authors: Li Zhangqiu , Yuan Kang , Yu Yueguang , Liu Jianming , Zhang Deming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study investigates how Al and Ta diffusion affects the growth of surface oxides in NiCoCrAlYTa coatings and the interdiffusion that occurs between coatings and single-crystal substrates in high-temperature oxidation processes. HVOF-sprayed layers were tested at temperatures between 900 °C and 1100 °C and the corresponding oxidation behavior of Al and Ta was assessed. It was found that higher amounts of Al in MCrAlY coatings promote the selective oxidation of Al2O3 and that the addition of Ta increases the stability of the γ’-Ni3(Al,Ta) phase.
Effect of Process Parameters on Properties of Flame-Sprayed Icephobic Polymer Coatings
Authors: Donadei Valentina , Koivuluoto Heli , Vuoristo Petri 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, icephobic polymer coatings were produced by flame spraying using different process parameters. Process optimization for low-density polyethylene (LDPE) coatings was achieved through design of experiments. The most icephobic coating was produced at a traverse speed of 900 mm/sec and a spraying distance of 250 mm. Although surface roughness affected ice adhesion, thermal effects proved to be the main factor influencing the performance of the coating. The higher the processing temperature, the smoother the surface and the greater the polymer degradation. It is also shown that coating degradation can be caused during post heating steps with similar consequences in the ice-shedding performance of the LDPE coatings.
Metallization of Polymers by Cold Spraying with Low Melting Point Powders
Authors: Che Hanqing , Yue Stephen , Vo Phuong , Nobari Amir , Marques Ana Da Silva 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Tin coatings have been successfully applied to polymeric substrates by means of cold spraying. In this work, three low melting point powders, including Sn, Sn-Zn, and Sn-Bi, are cold sprayed onto various polymeric substrates and different combinations of gas temperature and pressure are assessed. Based on the results, the effect of melting points on the cold sprayability of feedstock powders is discussed.
How Al and Ta Diffusion Responses the Oxidation of NiCoCrAlYTa Coatings—Simulations
Authors: Yu Yueguang , Yuan Kang , Liu Jianming , Zhang Deming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper is the second part of a study on how Al and Ta diffusion affects the oxidation of NiCoCrAlYTa coatings. Thermodynamic and diffusion simulations of the coatings with different additions of Al and Ta predicted the development of a typical γ, γ’, ß-phase microstructure and suggested that the ß-NiAl phase was depleted as Al diffused into the substrate. The simulations also indicated that Ta could diffuse back to γ’-Ni3(Al,Ta) phase in the substrate with a γ’ depletion due to inward diffusion of Co and Cr from the HVOF-sprayed deposit. How this process impacts microstructure development is discussed in detail.
Macroscopic Modelling of an Agglomerated and Sintered Particle in Air Plasma Spraying
Authors: Bobzin K. , Öte M. , Knoch M.A. , Alkhasli I. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A low thermal conductivity in feedstock material and high plasma temperatures generally lead to inhomogeneous heating of particles in plasma spraying. Existing modeling methods can determine heat transfer within idealized spherical particles with homogenous morphology, but in many cases, particles have an agglomerated morphology, consisting of multiple smaller particles that are packed together. The reduced contact area between the individual smaller particles results in a drastic reduction of the effective thermal conductivity of the agglomerate. On the other hand, it enhances heat transfer from the plasma gas due to the increased particle surface area and penetration of the hot plasma into the agglomerate. Moreover, the momentum transfer from the plasma to the agglomerate differs from that of a homogenous spherical particle, which can significantly affect heating dynamics. This paper presents a novel particle modeling approach that accounts for all such phenomena. Differences in kinematics and heating dynamics of the agglomerates are analyzed with regard to their packing densities.
Low Power Microwave Plasma Spraying for Low Resistivity Cu Deposition Onto Resin Substrate
Authors: Yasui Toshiaki , Yamada Keisuke , Seto Naoya , Fukumoto Masahiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, copper coatings are deposited on polyacetal substrates by low-power microwave plasma spraying and the coating formation mechanism is investigated. In the initial formation of the coating, molten copper particles are embedded on the substrate, creating conditions for excellent bonding as confirmed by adhesion strength measurements exceeding 40 MPa. The study also shows that adding hydrogen to the argon working gas improves oxide reduction, resulting in copper coatings with volume resistivity as low as 0.049 µΩm.
Volume-Based Deposition Factor – A Practical Approach to Estimate Deposition Efficiency
Authors: Trache Richard , Curry Nicholas , Körner Karl , Leitner Matthias 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Deposition efficiency is an important metric for thermal spraying, but it can be difficult to measure in some cases. In this study, a volume-based deposition factor is developed that can be used to estimate deposition efficiency simply by evaluating process parameters, coating thickness, and porosity. Coating thickness or thickness per pass is measured from the sample and parameters like feed rate, step size, and surface speed are taken into account. The correlation to deposition efficiency is demonstrated for various plasma and HVOF processes using powder and suspension feedstock materials. An example is also given showing how the method can be used to evaluate older data sets collected without regard to deposition efficiency.
Spallation Behavior of TBCs in Flame Thermal Shock Testing
Authors: Yuan Kang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When testing the thermal cycling resistance of thermal barrier coatings, the surface temperature of the materials must be controlled so that test results can be used for coating life prediction. In this study, the temperature at the surface of plasma-sprayed TBCs was controlled during thermal shock testing using feedback from a double-color IR thermometer and high-rate cooling. The results are presented and discussed, highlighting the capability of the recently designed thermal shock test.
Microstructures and Properties of Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited by Hybrid Water-Stabilized Plasma Torch
Authors: Musalek Radek , Tesar Tomas , Medricky Jan , Lukac Frantisek , Chraska Tomas , Gupta Mohit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study demonstrates the applicability of water-stabilized plasma (WSP) spraying for producing thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). A hybrid WSP torch was used to deposit yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) topcoats from powder, suspension, and solution feedstocks. A NiCrAlY bond coat was also sprayed and Hastelloy-X alloy was used as the substrate material. Microstructure, phase composition, and thermal cycle endurance were evaluated. All coatings showed excellent stability and thermal cycle endurance, withstanding more than 700 cycles, and in one case, more than 900 cycles.
Properties of Laser Melted MCrAlY Coatings on Cu Alloy Substrates
Authors: Yokota Hiroki , Kawai Daisuke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study assesses the effect of laser melting on MCrAlY-coated copper substrates. CoNiCrAlY, NiCoCrAlY, and NiCrAlY powders were applied to copper alloy substrates by atmospheric plasma and HVOF spraying. Sample surfaces were then laser melted and coating properties were determined and correlated with coating composition, surface morphology, and cross-sectional microstructure. Laser melting not only caused the coatings to fuse to the substrate, but also precipitated the formation of an aluminum oxide surface layer that reduced the oxygen content in the coating. As a result of this finding, the coating samples were heat treated in order to measure their high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Finish Turning of FeCr17NiC0.2 Iron-Based Sprayed Coatings – Influences of Substrate Preparation and Cutting Speed on the Coating and Surface Properties
Authors: Grund T. , Paczkowski G. , Lampke T. , Liborius H. , Nestler A. , Schubert A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this investigation, thermally sprayed cylindrical specimens are machined by turning with different cutting speeds. To ensure that process-induced shearing loads do not cause delamination, a fine helical dovetail structure is cut into the substrate before it is coated with FeCrNi alloy by air plasma spraying. Dovetail structures with different geometries were produced and their effectiveness is compared. The finish-machined surfaces of the FeCrNi coatings were examined and characterized with respect to feed marks, cracks, open pores, pull outs, and residual stresses. It is shown that surface roughness and the number of pull outs decrease with increasing cutting speed while residual stresses remain relatively unchanged, except for the orientation of the first principal stress.
Fracture Toughness of Cold Sprayed Pure Metals
Authors: Kovarik Onrej , Siegl Jan , Cizek Jan , Chraska Tomas , Kondas Jan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The fracture toughness of pure Al, Cu, Ni, and Ti deposited by cold spraying was investigated to gain a better understanding of the damage process and quantify material performance. Rectangular specimens of self-standing deposits with fatigue pre-cracks were tested in three-point bending. KIC values were obtained from J-R curves and stress-strain curves were plotted. The cold-sprayed deposits exhibited significantly lower fracture toughness than the same wrought materials, and fractographic analysis revealed either ductile or cleavage intergranular fracture as the major failure mode.
Effect of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy Fabricated by Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Chen Chaoyue , Ren Zhongming , Xie Yingchun , Huang Renzhong , Liu Min , Yan Xingchen , Xie Xinliang , Liao Hanlin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is used to reduce interior defects, adjust the microstructure, and improve the tensile properties of cold-sprayed Ti6Al4V. Optical microscope and X-ray tomography were used to characterize pore morphologies and porosity evolution. XCT reconstructions show that fully dense Ti6Al4V alloy with an equiaxed microstructure were achieved. Tensile testing shows that strength and ductility were improved as well because of enhanced diffusion and resultant metallurgical bonding.
Surface Grain Refinement of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy by Cold Spraying Shot Peening Process
Authors: Wang Hong-Tao , Yao Hai-Long , Bai Xiao-Bo , Chen Qing-Yu , Ji Gang-Chang , Jodoin Bertrand 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, a new cold-spray shot-peening process was used to achieve surface nanocrystallization on a magnesium alloy deposit. The results of various examinations and tests show that nanocrystalline layers up to 40 µm thick with an average grain size in range of 50-80 nm can be prepared on AZ91D deposits using the new process. The nanocrystalline layers also exhibit good microhardness and tribological properties.
Cold Spray as an Innovative Process to Develop Leak Tight Aluminum Coatings for Ultrahigh Vacuum Applications in a Large Particle High-Energy Collider
Authors: Weiller Sebastien , Debray Antoine , Gaslin Fabrice , Sennour Mohamed , Delloro Francesco , Jeandin Michel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the relationship between porosity and leak tightness in cold-sprayed aluminum. Aluminum coatings with 0.2-9% porosity were produced by cold spraying and evaluated via helium leak testing. Multiscale porosity was determined through SEM and TEM analyses and shows good correlation with leak test results. The mechanisms involved in the creation of porosity were investigated as well through finite element analysis of single and multi-particle impacts.
Hot Corrosion Behavior of HVOF (Cr3C2 + 25NiCrAlY) and PVD (CrN) Coating on a Waspaloy Nickel-Base Superalloy in 60%V2O5 + 30%Na2SO4 + 10% NaCl Environment: A Comparative Study
Authors: Biava Giovany , Pukasiewicz Anderson Gerlado Marenda , Siqueira I.B.A.F. , Vaz Rodolpho Fernando 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, two coatings, one produced by HVOF spraying, the other by physical vapor deposition (PVD), were applied on a nickel superalloy substrate in order to compare their hot corrosion behavior. The coating samples were initially characterized by OM and SEM-EDS analysis, then a mixture of V2O5, Na2SO4, and NaCl was deposited on the surface and the samples were to 900 °C for 35 h. The results show that the PVD CrN coating provided better corrosion protection than HVOF-sprayed CrC-NiCrAlY.
Study on the Microstructures and Corrosion Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Dicalcium Silicate Coatings
Authors: Shao Fang , Xiao Yuan , Zhuang Yin , Ni Jinxing , Zhao Huayu , Tao Shunyan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) coatings were deposited on stainless steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying. Salt spray and immersion tests were carried out to evaluate corrosion performance and XRD, SEM, and EDS were used to analyze phase composition and microstructure. During corrosion testing, calcium carbonate crystals appeared on coating surfaces and the pores were filled with hydration products, producing denser coatings. Potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy plots indicated that the corrosion resistance of the coatings increased after immersion in saltwater and artificial seawater, and in the latter case, a silica-rich layer was observed between the coating and the calcium carbonate crystals.
How Laser Cladding Combined with Thermal Spray Technologies Improve Yield and Particle Performances in Latest Semiconductor PVD Production Chambers
Authors: Marchand Olivier , Rosenberg Reed , Groshong Gary , Schlumpf Doug 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper describes a method for producing textured surface layers on vacuum chamber components that act as particle traps. The novel textures consist of a stainless steel core produced by direct energy deposit laser cladding covered with a twin-wire arc sprayed aluminum film. The process has been qualified for 20 nm and older IC architectures and is now implemented in production equipment. It has been proven to significantly increase preventive maintenance intervals, reduce particle levels, and enhance yield.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Menulis Puisi untuk Siswa di Sekolah Dasar: Sebuah Kajian Research and Development
Authors: Awalludin Awalludin , Nilawijaya Rita , Novarita Novarita , Noermanzah Noermanzah 
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mendeskripsikan hasil analisis kebutuhan guru dan siswa terhadap pengembangan bahan ajar menulis puisi di sekolah dasar, (2) untuk mendeskripsikan prototipe hasil pengembangan bahan ajar menulis puisi untuk siswa di sekolah dasar, dan (3) untuk mendeskripsikan kelayakan bahan ajar menulis puisi hasil pengembangan untuk siswa sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Research and Development (R & D) dengan model Jolly dan Bolitho. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa angket dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data berupa teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa di sekolah dasar membutuhkan buku teks menulis puisi berkaitan dengan aspek isi dan aspek fisik buku teks. Sementara itu, guru juga diberi angket untuk menilai bahan ajar menulis puisi. Selanjutnya, hasil validasi ahli yang diperoleh, yaitu kelayakan isi memperoleh skor 21, kebahasaan memperoleh skor 20, penyajian memperoleh skor 18, dan kegrafikaan memperoleh skor 19. Total skor yang diperoleh adalah 78. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, sebanyak 12 siswa menginginkan buku teks yang dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, 19 siswa mengharapkan bahan ajar berbentuk buku teks, dan 20 siswa menginginkan bahan ajar yang lengkap. Dengan demikian, prototipe bahan ajar ini layak untuk dijadikan sebagai buku teks menulis puisi untuk siswa di sekolah dasar.
Metode Analisa Data Variabel Sosial Bidang Permukiman
Authors: Rosa Yulinda 
Published: January 2023

Pembangunan perumahan dan permukiman yang berkelanjutan adalah suatu konsep pembangunan dengan mempertimbangkan tiga pilar yaitu: ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. Analisa sosial merupakan hal yang penting dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pembangunan perumahan dan permukiman yang berkelanjutan. Terdapat dua metode analisa data secara statistik yaitu deskriptif dan induktif. Metode analisa deskriptif merupakan tahap awal untuk melakukan analisa induktif. Hasil analisa deskriptif memberikan gambaran untuk sejumlah objek yang diteliti, tidak dapat digeneralisasi untuk kelompok yang lebih besar. Data variabel sosial bidang permukiman merupakan data kualitatif. Untuk data variabel sosial bidang permukiman yang diukur melalui kuesioner tertutup terstruktur, analisa deskriptif dilakukan dengan terlebih dahulu membuat distribusi frekwensi. Beberapa metode yang biasa digunakan dalam pembuatan distribusi frekwensi variabel sosial, diantaranya adalah dengan menggunakan nilai skor kumulatif dari seluruh item yang digunakan untuk mengukur variabel tersebut, dan metode strugle’s. Ukuran letak dan ukuran penyebaran yang digunakan dalam analisa deskriptif data kualitatif variabel sosial bidang permukiman adalah rata-rata, modus, persentase, proporsi sebagai ukuran letak, sedangkan ukuran penyebaran diukur melalui nilai range (selisih nilai terbesar dan terkecil). Ukuran rata-rata dalam analisa data kualitatif variabel sosial bidang permukiman diwakili melalui ukuran modus. Metode analisa deskriptif yang digunakan dalam pembahasan ini adalah melalui pembuatan distribusi frekwensi dengan menggunakan nilai skor kumulatif seluruh item yang digunakan untuk mengukur variabel tersebut.
Keefektifan Pengolahan antara Abu Terbang dengan Karbon Aktif Terhadap Kebutuhan Oksigen Kimia (KOK), Warna dan Logam Berat Air Lindi Sampah
Authors: Prayudi Tibin Ruby 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian pengolahan air lindi sampah dengan menggunakan abu terbang dan karbon aktif pada dosis tertentu dilatarbelakangi oleh penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Mott dan Weber (1992), Viraraghavan dan Alfaro (1994), Vijender Sahu , R. P. Dahiya, K. Gadgil .(2005), yang menghasilkan bahwa abu terbang dapat menurunkan kandungan KOK, warna dan logam berat air buangan rumah tangga. Penelitian eksperimental di laboratorium dilakukan dengan pengadukan abu terbang dan karbon aktif dengan air lindi sampah pada kecepatan 100 rpm selama satu jam, pada dosis 15, 25, 35, 50, 100 dan 150 mg/liter. Hasil pengadukan didiamkan selama 30 menit lalu diperiksa Kebutuhan Oksigen Kimia (KOK), Warna dan Logam Beratnya. Efektifitas abu terbang dan karbon aktif ditentukan pada perbandingan persentase perubahan parameter air baku dengan air hasil pengadukan air lindi sampah dengan abu terbang dan karbon aktif. Dari analisis data atau pembahasan ternyata dengan pemakaian abu terbang dapat menurunkan kandungan KOK sampai 100 %, dapat menurunkan kandungan warna sampai 99,72 %, menambah kandungan Fe sebesar 27,39%, menurunkan kandungan Zn sampai 91,57 %, dan menurunkan kandungan Cu sebesar 94,02 %, sedangkan dengan pemakaian karbon aktif penurunan KOK hanya 4,62 %, memperbesar kandungan warna, sebesar 14,47 %, menurunkan kandungan Fe sampai 27,65 %, menurunkan kandungan Zn hanya 40,76 %, menurunkan kandungan Cu hanya 21,31%. Jadi pemakaian abu terbang akan lebih efektif dalam menurunkan KOK, warna, Zn,dan Cu air lindi, sedangkan karbon aktif lebih efektif dalam menurunkan Fe air lindi.
Model Pengembangan Hunian Vertikal Menuju Pembangunan Perumahan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Murbaintoro Tito , Ma'arif M. Syamsul , Sutjahjo Surjono H. , Saleh Iskandar 
Published: January 2023

Pengembangan hunian vertikal di Kota Depok merupakan salah satu alternatif strategi memenuhi kebutuhan perumahan bagi masyarakat terutama Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah (MBR), mengurangi backlog, dan mengoptimalkan pemenuhan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun model pengembangan hunian vertikal menuju pembangunan perumahan berkelanjutan dan implikasinya terhadap kebijakan pembangunan perumahan bagi MBR. Metode analisis data yang digunakan meliputi analisis deskriptif, analisis statistika, analisis finansial, analisis input-output (I-O), dan analisis sistem dinamik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Kota Depok memiliki potensi minat yang besar terhadap hunian vertikal namun tingkat keterjangkauan terutama MBR masih sangat rendah. Untuk meningkatkan keterjangkauan masyarakat dalam memiliki hunian, maka peran pemerintah sangat diperlukan terutama dalam pemberian bantuan dan insentif kepemilikan hunian. Pembangunan perumahan juga memberikan dampak ganda (multiplier effect) terhadap pembangunan di Kota Depok dan daerah sekitarnya. Dampak tersebut antara lain tingginya pembangunan perumahan, meningkatnya pendapatan masyarakat, dan tingginya tingkat penyerapan tenaga kerja akibat pembangunan perumahan. Peningkatan kebutuhan jumlah hunian, serta backlog perumahan di Kota Depok menunjukkan kecenderungan pertumbuhan mengikuti kurva eksponensial pada tahun simulasi 2001 sampai tahun 2025. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rumah bagi masyarakat di Kota Depok khususnya MBR dengan mempertimbangkan kemampuan masyarakat dan mempertahankan ketersediaan lahan RTH pada tingkat tertentu, skenario yang dapat dilakukan adalah memanfaatkan RTH sampai pada luasan 5000 ha, dengan mendorong pertumbuhan hunian vertikal melalui subsidi bunga sebesar 8% dan subsidi uang muka sebesar Rp 10.000.000 – Rp 13.000.000.
Peningkatan Peran Lembaga Lokal dalam Rangka Pembangunan Permukiman di Perdesaan
Authors: Prihandono Aris 
Published: January 2023

Pelibatan kelembagaan lokal tingkat desa dalam pembangunan perumahan dan permukiman sangat relevan dengan situasi saat ini karena kapasitas dan kapabilitas lembaga-lembaga formal yang ada sangat terbatas. Sekalipun demikian upaya tersebut harus disertai langkah seleksi yang hati-hati karena terkait dengan internalisasi muatan baru. Hasil kajian adalah bahwa sejumlah kriteria dapat dijadikan referensi dalam pemilihan lembaga, yakni: tingkat kemapanan, kondisi unsur-unsur kelembagaan, serta efektivitas organisasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan penyusunan substansi dan metode pemberdayaan setelah tipe-tipe kelembagaan dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja lembaga diketahui. Bentuk pemberdayaan dapat berupa asistensi, fasilitasi, atau promosi. Sedangkan materi pemberdayaan meliputi tiga hal, yaitu materi umum, yakni materi yang diperlukan dalam proses peningkatan wawasan pengelola lembaga tanpa membedakan tipologi lembaga; materi inti adalah materi yang dikembangkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peningkatan kapasitas dan sinergi lintas program; materi penunjang adalah materi dasar yang secara normatif harus sudah dikuasai oleh calon peserta.