bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the middle frequency X-band electromagnetic wave absorbing through porous defect engineering on MoC x carbon hybrids and heat-insulating aerogel
Authors: Huang Wenhuan , Chen Jiamin , Gao Wenming , Kang Yifan , Liu Chao , Liu Tong , Yin Zheng , Yang Yuhao , Wu Fan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractControlling the porous defects in MoCx-carbon hybrids has been presented as an effective strategy for enhancing electromagnetic wave (EW) absorbing ability. To homogeneously distribute MoCxhetero-units into carbon matrix with high porosity and defect is of significance but hard to achieve. Herein, an excellent temperature-induced porous defect has been successfully constructed in the metallic Co-doped MoCxcarbon composite. The proper calcination temperature on the “Host-Guest” structural CoMo-based crystalline precursor has derived the homogeneously distributed metallic Co and MoCxparticles with the high number of mesoporous of ~ 20 nm and interfacial defects. Owing to the brilliant synergistic effect of polarization, magnetic loss and impedance matching, the superiorRLminof -47.72 dB at 11.76 GHz at the thickness of 2.0 mm and a wide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.58 GHz (7.44 ~ 12.02 GHz) covered the whole X-band at the thickness of 2.5 mm forη-MoC/Co@NC-800 were observed. More importantly, the excellent heat-insulating performance of theη-MoC/Co@NC-800 derived ultralight aerogel composite has been developed, which is better than commercial materials. This work provides a valuable insight to facile constructing porous defects in EW absorbing materials and heat-insulating composite materials.
Topics pharmacy staff deliver information about at the counter. A quantitative analysis based on data from videos with patients
Authors: Husted Gitte Reventlov , Rossing Charlotte Verner , Kaae Susanne , Fosgerau Christina Fogtmann 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Pharmacy staff are the health care providers who interact with patients just prior to patients’ medication intake, which gives the workforce considerable responsibility for patients’ safe use of medicine.
Aim
To identify the topics that staff deliver information about in a counselling situation when patients with chronic diseases pick up medication at community pharmacies, and to identify how this information compares to international pharmacy practice research.
Method
A descriptive, quantitative study based on data from verbatim transcripts of 64 video-recorded prescription encounters. The frequency of topics in the counselling situation was calculated in actual numbers and percentage.
Results
The most common information provided was about practical issues for using medicine safely for first time-prescribing patients (6 times, 19%) and for refill patients (19 times, 62%). For first-time and refill-prescribing patients, the most common information was on treatment of the disease (6 times, 32%). Logistics was the second-highest prioritized topic for refill patients (17 times, 61%) and for first-time prescription medicine collected by relatives (6 times, 21%).
Conclusion
Pharmacy staff primarily deliver practical information on how to ensure safe and effective use of medicine, which corresponds to trends reported in international pharmacy practice research.
Optimization design of intermediate roll contour and analysis of shape adjusting performance of 18-High mill
Authors: Zhao Jun , Sun Jing Na , Wu Tong , Guo Chao Jian , Huang Hua Gui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In order to improve the edge drop problem in the process of 18-High mill production of strip and improve the shape adjusting ability, the corresponding objectives and principles of the intermediate roll contour optimization design are proposed. And using particle swarm optimization algorithm, the intermediate roll contour is optimized to meet the production requirements. A finite element model of the integrated elastic-plastic coupling between the roll system and strip is established to verify the adjusting effect of the new roll contour. The shape adjusting performance under the new roll contour are analyzed. The results show that, compared with the original roll contour, the edge drop phenomenon is significantly improved. The shape adjusting ability is obviously improved compared with that of the original roll contour. The shape adjusting ability of the intermediate roll shifting under the new roll shape is obviously stronger than that of the intermediate roll bending force. Finally, the accuracy of the finite element model is verified by combining with the field production data. The research results can provide a good theoretical basis for the improvement of the intermediate roll contour and improvement of the shape adjusting ability.
Determinants of immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplant recipients: an Italian observational study (the CESIT project)
Authors: Rosa Alessandro C. , Finocchietti Marco , Agabiti Nera , Menè Paolo , Bracaccia Maria Elena , Bellini Arianna , Massari Marco , Alegiani Stefania Spila , Masiero Lucia , Bedeschi Gaia , Cardillo Massimo , Lucenteforte Ersilia , Piccolo Giuseppe , Leoni Olivia , Ferroni Eliana , Pierobon Silvia , Nordio Maurizio , Ledda Stefano , Garau Donatella , Davoli Marina , Addis Antonio , Belleudi Valeria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Very scanty evidence is available on factors influencing the choice of immunosuppressive drug therapy after kidney transplantation.
Methods.
An Italian multiregional real-world study was conducted integrating national transplant information system and claims data. All patients undergoing kidney transplantation for the first time during 2009–2019 (incident patients) were considered. Multilevel logistic models were used to estimate Odds Ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% Confidence intervals. Factors with statistically significance were identified as characteristics associated with treatment regimens: cyclosporin-CsA vs tacrolimus-Tac and, within the latter group, mTOR inhibitors vs mycophenolate-MMF.
Results.
We identified 3,622 kidney patients undergoing transplantation in 17 hospitals located in 4 Italian regions, 78.3% was treated with TAC-based therapy, of which 78% and 22% in combination with MMF and mTOR, respectively. For both comparison groups, the choice of immunosuppressive regimens was mostly guided by standard hospital practices. Only few recipient and donor characteristics were found associated with specific regimen (donor/receipt age, immunological risk and diabetes).
Conclusions.
The choice of post-renal transplant immunosuppressive therapyseems to be mostly driven by standard Centre practices, while only partially based on patient’s characteristics and recognized international guidelines.
Optimization of Parameters of Plastic Grinding Machine using Generalized Reduced Non-Linear Programming
Authors: Kioko Meshack , Odhong Edward , Ondieki Charles 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The focus of current research on plastic grinding machines has been improvement of efficiency. Parameters such as number of rotor blades, number of fixed blades, blade geometry, clearance between fixed and rotor blades, machine power input and throughput have been studied in previous research. The problem is that little research effort has been focused on optimization of many of such parameters combined. This research aims to improve throughput of plastic grinding machine by mathematical optimization of the five parameters to achieve higher throughput. In this paper, we optimized the parameters using generalized reduced gradient nonlinear programming. We also carried out correlation of the parameters using Pearson correlation coefficients. There was a strong correlation between maximum machine throughput and all the studied parameters. We found that throughput was optimal with nine rotor blades, two fixed blades, blade angle of 500, clearance of one millimetre, and power input of at least 5 Hp.
A novel immune-related lncRNA signature predict the prognosis and immune landscape in ccRCC
Authors: Dai Longlong , Pan Daen , Jin Jiafei , Lv Wenhui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
As one of the most common tumors, the pathogenesis and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in the immune microenvironment is still unknown.
Methods
The differentially expressed immune-related lncRNA (DEirlncRNA) was screened through co-expression analysis and the limma package of R, which based on the ccRCC project of the TCGA database. Then, we designed the risk model by irlncRNA pairs. In RCC patients, we have compared the area under the curve, calculate the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value of the 5-year receiver operating characteristic curve, determine the cut-off point, and establish the optimal model for distinguishing the high-risk group from the low-risk group. We used the model for immune system assessment, immune point detection and drug sensitivity analysis after verifying the feasibility of the above model through clinical features.
Result
In our study, 1541 irlncRNAs were included. 739 irlncRNAs were identified as DEirlncRNAs to construct irlncRNA pairs. Then, 38 candidate DEirlncRNA pairs were included in the best risk assessment model through improved LASSO regression analysis. As a result, we found that in addition to age and gender, T stage, M stage, N stage, grade and clinical stage are significantly related to risk. Moreover, univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis results reveals that in addition to gender, age, grade, clinical stage and risk score are independent prognostic factors. The results show that patients in the high-risk group are positively correlated with tumor infiltrating immune cells when the above model is applied to the immune system. But they are negatively correlated with endothelial cells, macrophages M2, mast cell activation, and neutrophils. In addition, the risk model was positively correlated with overexpressed genes (CTLA, LAG3 and SETD2, P < 0.05). Finally, risk models can also play as an important role in predicting the sensitivity of targeted drugs.
Conclusion
The new risk model may be a new method to predict the prognosis and immune status of ccRCC.
Efficient fractionation of microalgae biomass as a whole for biodiesel production enabled by deep eutectic solvent and water
Authors: Yu Dayong , Luo Hangyu , Tan Jinyu , Yuan Junfa , Chen Jiasheng , Fang Zhen , Liu Xiaofang , Li Hu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The fractionation of microalgae biomass and its efficient utilization have always been problems to be solved. Herein, microalgae biomass was pretreated with deep eutectic solvent (DES) to fractionate lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, which were further converted into biodiesel. DES (CC-LA) synthesized from lactic acid and choline chloride had high fractionation efficiency, and the lipid extraction rate was 2.3 times higher than that of the untreated one. The addition of water to CC-LA significantly improved the separation efficiency of DES, with the lipid extraction rate of up to 89.4%, 84.2% of protein dissolved, and as high as 96.8% of the carbohydrate saccharification rate. In addition, the isolated protein and glycosylated carbohydrates could be converted into 8.9 g microbial lipids/100 g microalgae biomass by Lipomyces starkeyi. The new water-promoted DES fractionation technology has greatly enabled the efficient and comprehensive utilization of microalgae biomass.
Broadband thermal management using smart cooling films
Authors: Liu Chang , Liu Zhiguang , Du Huifeng , Nam Sang , Zhao Xuanhe , Fang Nicholas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the escalating trend of climate change, we are under severe pressure to increase the resilience of commercial and residential buildings and vehicles. Smart lighting and thermal management of windows promise to improve indoor thermal comfort with minimum added carbon footprints. We report a passive smart cooling technology for thermal management throughout the spectrum from visible to mid-infrared regions by using a thermochromic hydrogel network integrated with an optically transparent coating for radiative cooling, where excellent optical properties of luminous transmittance (81.8%) and solar transmittance modulation (74.8%) are achieved to intelligently minimize direct solar radiation, and emissivity of 0.999 in atmospheric transmission window contributes to extra radiative cooling power. Our design displays a thermo-responsive light reflection mechanism with compelling advances in moldability, mechanical flexibility, compatibility to base structures (e.g., glass roofs of cars), ease of manufacture and adoption, which are of practical significance towards real-world applications.
Chiral Recognition of Neutral Guests by Chiral Naphthotubes with a Bis-thiourea Endo-Functionalized Cavity
Authors: Songmeng Wang , Wang Yan-Fang , Huang Liping , Zheng Li-Shuo , Nian Hao , Zheng Yu-Tao , Yao Huan , Jiang Wei , Wang Xiaoping , Yang Liu-Pan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Developing chiral receptors with an endo-functionalized cavity for chiral recognition is of great sig-nificance in the field of molecular recognition. This study presents two pairs of chiral naphthotubes con-taining a bis-thiourea endo-functionalized cavity. Each chiral naphthotube has two homochiral centers which were fixed adjacent to the thiourea groups, causing the skeleton and thiourea groups to twist en-antiomerically through chiral transfer. These chiral naphthotubes are highly effective at enantiomerical-ly recognizing various neutral chiral molecules, particularly bioactive cyclic dipeptides, with an enanti-omeric selectivity up to 17.0. Furthermore, the mechanism of the chiral recognition has been revealed and attributed to slight differences of multiple noncovalent interactions, as well as the orientation of binding and enthalpy-entropy compensation also affect the enantioselectivity.
Decoding stress patterns of the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake doublet
Authors: Chen Jianquan , Zilio Luca Dal , Zhang Hang , Yang Guangliang , Shi Yaolin , Liu Chang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Earthquake interaction across multiple time scales can reveal complex stress evolution and rupture patterns. Here, we investigate the stress change's role in the 2023 Mw 7.8 and 7.6 earthquake doublet along the Eastern Anatolian Fault (EAF), using simulations of 21 historical earthquakes (M ≥ 6.1) from 1822 to 2023. Focusing on six cascading sub-events during the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence, we reveal how one sub-event's stress alteration can impact the emergence and rupture dynamics of subsequent sub-events. Our analysis unveils that the 2023 Mw 7.8 earthquake was deferred by 52 years due to stress shadow effects from historical events, while the 2023 Mw 7.6 earthquake was accelerated by 26 years as a result of stress increases from historical events and ultimately triggered by the 2023 Mw 7.8 earthquake. This study underscores the importance of grasping earthquake preparation, rupture initiation, and propagation in the context of intricate fault systems worldwide. Based on these results, we draw attention to heightened seismic hazards in the Elazig-Bingol seismic gap of the EAF and the northern section of the Dead Sea Fault, necessitating increased monitoring and preparedness efforts.
Adversities, Agony, Pain, and Survival: An In-depth Analysis of Deluge Victims
Authors: Eslit Edgar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the experiences of deluge victims in Iligan City following Typhoon Sendong using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants, and the data were analyzed using IPA. The study found that the flood had a significant psychological and emotional impact on the participants, with several key themes and patterns emerging from the IPA analysis. These included the impact on emotional well-being, coping strategies, and patterns of adaptation and adjustment among Iligan City’s Sendong Survivors. The coping strategies employed by the participants highlighted the importance of social support and community engagement in disaster recovery. The patterns of adaptation and adjustment observed among the participants suggest the potential for personal growth and development following a traumatic event. The study has implications for practitioners and policymakers involved in disaster response and recovery, and highlights the need for continued research and support for individuals and communities affected by natural disasters.
Characterization of signal and transit peptides based on motif composition and taxon-specific patterns
Authors: Sidorczuk Katarzyna , Mackiewicz Paweł , Pietluch Filip , Gagat Przemysław 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Targeting peptides or presequences are N-terminal extensions of proteins that encode information about their cellular localization. They include signal peptides (SP), which target proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum, and transit peptides (TP) directing proteins to the organelles of endosymbiotic origin: chloroplasts and mitochondria. TPs were hypothesized to have evolved from antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are responsible for the host defence against microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. In this study, we performed a comprehensive bioinformatic analyses of amino acid motifs of targeting peptides and AMPs using a curated set of experimentally verified proteins. We identified motifs frequently occurring in each type of presequence showing specific patterns associated with their amino acid composition, and investigated their position within the presequence. We also compared motif patterns among different taxonomic groups and identified taxon-specific features, providing some evolutionary insights. Considering the functional relevance and many practical applications of targeting peptides and AMPs, we believe that our analyses will prove useful for their design, and better understanding of protein import mechanism and presequence evolution.
Spontaneous Hemothorax caused by Rivaroxaban treatment for pulmonary embolism
Authors: Hariri Bassem Al , Alharafsheh Ahmad , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Mohamedali Mohamed Gaafar , Abusriwil Hatem Mabrouk 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hemothorax is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by pleural effusion containing over 50% of the patient's hematocrit. A massive hemothorax involves blood loss exceeding 1.5 liters. Common causes include chest trauma, invasive thoracic procedures, anticoagulant medications, vascular anomalies, malignancies, and hematologic abnormalities. Spontaneous hemothorax may be seen in conjunction with pulmonary infarction and spontaneous pneumothorax. Anticoagulation is a key therapeutic strategy for certain thromboembolic events, such as pulmonary embolism. Historically, these events were treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), which have demonstrated variable plasma concentrations and an increased risk of hemorrhage. With the advent of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), treatment has become as effective as VKAs while significantly reducing the risk of hemorrhage. However, some researchers have speculated that hemorrhagic complications in certain cases could be worse with DOACs than with VKAs. In the case presented here, we identified a genuine association between the use of rivaroxaban and spontaneous hemothorax following the initiation of treatment for pulmonary embolism.
Development of smart metallic orthopedic and dental implants based on biomimetic design
Authors: Dua Rupak , Vadivel Jagasivamani , Khurana Indu , Karim Eaman T. , Mutreja Isha , Kumar Dhiraj , Shankar Mamilla Ravi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Orthopedic and dental implant failure continues to be a significant concern due to localized bacterial infections. Although previous studies have attempted to improve implant surfaces by modifying their texture and roughness or coating them with antibiotics to enhance antibacterial properties for implant longevity. However, these approaches have demonstrated limited effectiveness. In this study, we attempted to engineer the titanium (Ti) alloy surface biomimetically at the nanometer scale, inspired by the cicada wing nanostructure using alkaline hydrothermal treatment (AHT). The two modified surfaces of Ti plates were developed using 4 and 8-Hr AHT at 230oC. We found that the control plates showed a relatively smooth surface, with few artifacts on the surface. The results demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the contact angle of the treated groups, which increased wettability characteristics. The 8-hour AHT group exhibited the highest wettability and significant increase in roughness 1.50 x 10-1 ± 0.029 µm (P<0.05), leading to more osteoblast cell attachment, reduced cytotoxicity effects, and enhanced relative survivability. The alkaline phosphatase activity measured in all different groups indicated that the 8-hour AHT group exhibited the highest activity, suggesting that the surface roughness and wettability of the treatment groups may have facilitated cell adhesion and attachment and subsequently increased secretion of extracellular matrix. Overall, the findings indicate that biomimetic nanotextured surfaces created by the AHT process have the potential to be translated as implant coatings or surface nano-texturing to enhance bone regeneration and implant integration.
Symbiotic compatibility between Oryza sativa cultivars and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi genotypes affects rice growth and mycorrhiza-induced resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae
Authors: Guigard Ludivine , Jobert Léa , Busset Nicolas , Moulin Lionel , Czernic Pierre 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) belong to the Glomeromycota clade and can form root symbioses with 80% of Angiosperms, including agronomically-interesting crops species such as wheat, maize and rice. By increasing nutrient availability, uptake and soil anchoring of plants, AMF can improve plant’s growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses. AMF can also reduce symptoms and pathogen load on infected plants, both locally and systemically, through a phenomenon called Mycorrhiza-Induced Resistance (MIR). There is scarce information on rice mycorrhization, despite the high potential of this symbiosis in a context of sustainable water management in rice production systems.
Results
We studied the symbiotic compatibility (global mycorrhization & arbuscules intensity) and MIR phenotypes between six rice cultivars from two subspecies (indica: IR64 & Phka Rumduol; japonica: Nipponbare, Kitaake, Azucena & Zhonghua 11) and three AMF genotypes (Funneliformis mosseae FR140, Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198 & R. intraradices FR121). The impact of mycorrhization on rice growth and defence response to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection was recorded via both phenotypic indexes and rice marker gene expression studies. All three AMF genotypes colonise the roots of all rice varieties, with clear differences in symbiotic compatibility depending on the combination under study. AMF interaction induced either neutral, beneficial, or negative effects on rice growth, but only neutral to beneficial effects on the extent of Xoo symptoms on leaves. R. irregularis DAOM197198 proved to be the most colonising AMF in terms of global mycorrhization and arbuscule intensities, inducing rice growth and reducing symptoms caused by Xoo in all rice varieties. Transcriptomic analyses by RT-qPCR on leaves of two rice cultivars contrasting in their interactions with AMF, shows two different pattern of response both on growth and defence marker genes, that can be related to their phenotypic responses.
Conclusions
The symbiotic compatibility between rice and AMF depends both on plant cultivar and AMF genotypes. Under our conditions, it drives beneficial, neutral, or negative effects on rice growth, and in some cases, MIR phenotypes after Xoo leaf infection. The interactions between rice and AMF genotypes drive different transcriptomic responses, shedding light on molecular markers of compatibility at the leaf level.