bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of age-dependent gene-expression in human tissues for studying diabetes comorbidities
Authors: Guzzi Pietro Hiram , Cortese Francesca , Mannino Gaia Chiara , Pedace Elisabetta , Succurro Elena , Andreozzi Francesco , Veltri Pierangelo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe study of the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disease and other pathologies (comorbidities), together with patient age variation, poses a challenge for medical research. There is evidence that patients affected by T2DM are more likely to develop comorbidities as they grow older. Variation of gene expression can be correlated to changes in T2DM comorbidities insurgence and progression. Understanding gene expression changes requires the analysis of large heterogeneous data at different scales as well as the integration of different data sources into network medicine models. Hence, we designed a framework to shed light on uncertainties related to age effects and comorbidity by integrating existing data sources with novel algorithms. The framework is based on integrating and analysing existing data sources under the hypothesis that changes in the basal expression of genes may be responsible for the higher prevalence of comorbidities in older patients. Using the proposed framework, we selected genes related to comorbidities from existing databases, and then analysed their expression with age at the tissues level. We found a set of genes that changes significantly in certain specific tissues over time. We also reconstructed the associated protein interaction networks and the related pathways for each tissue. Using this mechanistic framework, we detected interesting pathways related to T2DM whose genes change their expression with age. We also found many pathways related to insulin regulation and brain activities, which can be used to develop specific therapies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that analyses such genes at the tissue level together with age variations.
Ultrafast enhancement of electron-phonon coupling via dynamic quantum well states
Authors: Ciocys Samuel T. , Lanzara Alessandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe density of states at the Fermi surface controls many material properties by influencing the low-energy interactions of conductive electrons. Typically, external tuning knobs generate only small perturbations to the density of states in crystals, since their band structure depends strongly on the lattice potential. In contrast, quantum well states are contingent on a localized potential extrinsic to the crystal lattice and can be easily modified leading to changes in the density of states at the Fermi level. Here, we are able to control the quantum well potential on the surface of Bi2Se3 with light, driving a density of states singularity below EF at ultrafast timescales, thereby triggering a reversible Lifshitz transition. We reveal a substantial ultrafast enhancement of the electron-phonon coupling with repercussions on the relaxation dynamics in the system. We argue that the relaxation dynamics are governed largely by the interplay of the dynamic density of states of the quantum wells with c-axis scattering from the $${A}_{{{{{{{{\rm{1g}}}}}}}}}^{2}$$

A

1g

2

optical phonon mode. These results demonstrate a powerful way to enhance electron-boson interaction on ultrafast timescales providing new avenues for controlling material properties and driving novel quantum phases of matter.
Primase-polymerases: how to make a primer from scratch
Authors: Bainbridge Lewis J. , Zabrady Katerina , Doherty Aidan J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To pass on genetic information to the next generation, cells must faithfully replicate their genomes to provide copies for each daughter cell. To synthesise these duplicates, cells employ specialised enzymes called DNA polymerases, which rapidly and accurately replicate nucleic acid polymers. However, most polymerases lack the ability to directly initiate DNA synthesis and required specialised replicases called primases to make short polynucleotide primers, from which they then extend. Replicative primases (eukaryotes and archaea) belong to a functionally diverse enzyme superfamily known as Primase-Polymerases (Prim-Pols), with orthologues present throughout all domains of life. Characterised by a conserved catalytic Prim-Pol domain, these enzymes have evolved various roles in DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, repair, and damage tolerance. Many of these biological roles are fundamentally underpinned by the ability of Prim-Pols to generate primers de novo. This review examines our current understanding of the catalytic mechanisms utilised by Prim-Pols to initiate primer synthesis.
A parameter estimation method with improved finite rate of innovation sampling for linear frequency modulation signals
Authors: Meng Shuo , Meng Chen , Wang Cheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo complete the sparse sampling of linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals and estimate the parameters, the authors proposed an improved finite rate of innovation (FRI) system to achieve the goal. First the authors build a mathematical model based on the Z‐transform, then they input the LFM signal into the modified FRI system and process the output of the system based on this mathematical model, which enables the estimation of the parameters of the LFM signal using only four sampling points. The error of the final experimental results can be controlled within 3%, which greatly improves the efficiency of LFM signal parameter estimation.
A compact directional coupler with high directivity using ferrite cores
Authors: Liu Song‐Lin , Liu Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a wideband directional coupler is proposed for high‐power applications, which is composed of a transformer and lumped elements. The introduction of the transformer greatly improves the directivity of the coupler. The measurement results demonstrate that the proposed design has an excellent return loss (>17 dB), small insertion loss (<0.4 dB), and high directivity (>22) over a wide frequency band (10–350 MHz). Meanwhile, it can achieve a flat coupling level of 32 dB with the imbalance less than 0.5 dB.
High‐order subharmonic injection locking using a rotary topological defect in an oscillator lattice loop
Authors: Hirosawa Shunto , Narahara Koichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study proposes a scheme for high‐order subharmonic injection locking in a tunnel diode oscillator lattice loop. The loop supports a rotary pulse resulting from mutual synchronization between the component oscillators. A topological defect in the form of a dislocation is observed to rotate within the loop in a direction opposite to that of the background rotary pulse. The defect is mutually synchronized with the rotary pulse. In addition, the defect velocity is considerably slower than that of the pulse. Upon injection locking of the rotary behavior of the defect using an external oscillator, the rotary pulse can also be locked via the same oscillator. This facilitates a high‐order subharmonic injection locking of the oscillating pulse through the intermediation of a topological defect. Herein, the operation principle is described, followed by its experimental validation.
Analysis and design of synchronous‐rectified LLC DC–DC converter for LDC of electric vehicles
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Feng Shuting , Li Chaojie , Yan Zhengchao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn electric vehicles (EVs), the low voltage dc‐dc converter (LDC) with synchronous rectifier switches (SRs) can be used to reduce conduction loss caused by the high load current and improve the efficiency. Therefore, it is important to design a proper turn‐on time of SRs. As a popular driving strategy for the SRs, the drain–source voltage across the SRs is sensed to generate the gate driving signal. However, when LLC dc–dc converter operates at O mode, there will be a voltage ringing across the SRs. If the ringing voltage reaches to the threshold voltage −Vth,on, it would make SRs turn‐on early and results in abnormally working of the converter. The novelty and contribution of this paper lie in: (1) elaborating on the voltage ringing across the SRs, (2) the accurate ringing model is established during O mode, and (3) a simple, lossless, and low‐cost filter circuit is used to solve the negative effect of the ringing voltage for LLC converter at high load current. A 1.26 kW experimental prototype with ≈250–430 V wide input voltage and ≈9–16 V wide output voltage is implemented, 96.7% peak efficiency and 96% full load efficiency are achieved with a 3.12 kW/L power density. The theoretical analysis has been validated by the simulated and experimental results, and the SR LLC dc–dc converter with the SR works efficiently and reliably with the proposed solution at a high load current.
A pricing game strategy with virtual prosumer guidance in community grid
Authors: Hu Qihao , Chi Ming , Liu Zhi‐Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe peer‐to‐peer (P2P) energy trading model is considered to be one of the appropriate models for managing local energy trading in community grids. But free pricing mechanisms can lead to energy wastage and long response times. In order to facilitate the local consumption of renewable energy within the community, this paper proposes a pricing game strategy with virtual prosumer (VP) guidance on a P2P energy market model in community grid. To prevent market disruption caused by free pricing strategies in the P2P market and ensure the overall social benefit of the community, a VP controlled by the community microgrid manager is introduced to regulate the energy trading of the entire community. A novel and efficient prosumer trading model is proposed where the VP changes its pricing strategy to guide other prosumers to achieve Nash equilibrium and improve the internal consumption rate of new energy in the community. The proposed strategy's rationality and effectiveness are verified through case studies.
Radar and communication integrated systems design based on deep neural networks
Authors: Liu Yue , Cao Ning , Mao Minghe , Chen Muchen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the spectrum congestion in the future 6G networks and the dramatic increasing requirement for the equipment that can detect and communicate simultaneously, the design of bi‐static radar and communication integrated (RCI) system is receiving more and more attention. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a commonly used waveform in bi‐static RCI system. There are two gaps in current research that need to be filled. First, high peak‐to‐average ratio (PAPR) of OFDM signal is less considered in the conventional bi‐static RCI system due to the difficulty in recovering in the receiver. Second, the target echo estimation depends on the reconstruction of the direct‐path communication (DPC) signal. To overcome these limitations, we firstly propose a deep learning (DL)‐based transceiver design for the bi‐static RCI systems. Specifically, we design a neural network (NN)‐based waveform designer (WDNN) to reduce the PAPR of the transmit waveform, an NN‐based signal separator (SSN) to directly separate the target echo and the DPC signal, and an NN‐based symbol recovery (SRN) to demodulate the symbols. By using the training data and channel realisations, these three networks are jointly trained offline to minimise the PAPR of the transmit waveform, the separation error of the target echo and DPC signals, and the bit error rate. Then, in the online deployment phase, the trained WDNN is used to modify the transmitted waveform, and the trained SSN and SRN are placed at the receiver to separate signal and demodulate symbol. Simulation results show that compared to the conventional method, the proposed scheme not only reduces the PAPR but also improves the estimation of target parameters and communication symbol.
Robotisch assistierte Proktokolektomie mit Ileumpouch-analer Anastomose bei familiärer adenomatöser Polyposis – eine Videovignette
Authors: Stoffels Burkhard , Vilz Tim , Arensmeyer Jan C. , Feodorovici Philipp , Hueneburg Robert , Kalff Jörg C 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDas kolorektale Karzinom (KRK) ist eines der häufigsten Malignome, bei dem in den letzten Jahren eine signifikante Zunahme hereditärer Fälle beobachtet werden konnte. Die zweithäufigste
Ursache für ein hereditäres KRK ist die familiäre adenomatöse Polyposis, eine obligate Präkanzerose. Sinnvollster Therapieansatz ist eine prophylaktische laparoskopische Proktokolektomie mit
Ileumpouch-analer Anastomose (IPAA) im jungen Erwachsenenalter. Mit der zunehmenden Etablierung robotischer Verfahren stellt sich die Frage, ob die Vorteile der robotischen Operationen, wie
bspw. vereinfachtes Operieren und bessere Visualisierung in engen Räumen, insbesondere bei der prophylaktischen Proktokolektomie, sinnvoll sein kann. Problematisch ist allerdings die
Notwendigkeit, in allen 4 Quadranten des Abdomens operieren zu müssen, was bei robotischen Eingriffen ein limitierender Faktor sein kann. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, die Machbarkeit der
robotisch assistierten Proktokolektomie mit IPAA zu demonstrieren und Tipps für eine Anwendung in der klinischen Praxis zu geben.
Improvements in hepatic steatosis, obesity, and insulin resistance in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after the primary obesity surgery endoluminal 2.0 procedure
Authors: AlKhatry Maryam , Rapaka Babusai , Maselli Daniel B. , Abboud Donna Maria , Brunaldi Vitor O. , Mahmoud Tala , Ghazi Rabih , Abdul Razzak Farah , Gala Khushboo , Joudah Imad , Housen Fedaa , Al Qadi Sana , Vargas Eric J. , Storm Andrew C. , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. 
Published: June 2023

Background The primary obesity surgery endoluminal 2.0 (POSE 2.0) procedure involves full-thickness gastric body plications to narrow the stomach using durable suture anchor pairs. We evaluated POSE 2.0 as a treatment strategy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with obesity.
Methods Adults with obesity and NAFLD were prospectively allocated based on their preference to undergo POSE 2.0 with lifestyle modification or lifestyle modification alone (control). Primary end points were improvement in controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and resolution of hepatic steatosis at 12 months. Secondary end points included %total body weight loss (%TBWL), change in serum measures of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance, and procedure safety.
Results 42 adult patients were included (20 in the POSE 2.0 arm and 22 in the control arm). At 12 months, POSE 2.0 significantly improved CAP, whereas lifestyle modification alone did not (P < 0.001 for POSE 2.0; P = 0.24 for control). Similarly, both resolution of steatosis and %TBWL were significantly higher with POSE 2.0 than with control at 12 months. Compared with controls, POSE 2.0 significantly improved liver enzymes, hepatic steatosis index, and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio at 12 months. There were no serious adverse events.
Conclusion POSE 2.0 was effective for NAFLD in patients with obesity, with good durability and safety profile.
Ferroptosis of Endothelial Cells Triggered by Erythrophagocytosis Contributes to Thrombogenesis in Uremia
Authors: Li Zhanni , Yan Meishan , Wang Zelong , An Yao , Wei Xinyu , Li Tingting , Xu Minghui , Xia Yanshi , Wang Liqiu , Gao Chunyan 
Published: June 2023

Background Although thrombosis events are the leading complication of uremia, their mechanism is largely unknown. The interaction between endothelial cells (ECs) and red blood cells (RBCs) in uremic solutes and its prothrombotic role need to be investigated.
Methods and Results Here, we established an in vitro co-incubation model of uremic RBC and EC as well as a uremic rat model induced by adenine. Using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and electron microscopy, we found increased erythrophagocytosis by EC accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and impairment of mitochondria, indicating that ECs undergo ferroptosis. Further investigations showed increased proteins' expression of heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin and labile iron pool accumulation in EC, which could be suppressed by deferoxamine (DFO). The ferroptosis-negative regulators glutathione peroxidase 4 and SLC7A11 were decreased in our erythrophagocytosis model and could be enhanced by ferrostatin-1 or DFO. In vivo, we observed that vascular EC phagocytosed RBC and underwent ferroptosis in the kidney of the uremic rat, which could be inhibited by blocking the phagocytic pathway or inhibiting ferroptosis. Next, we found that the high tendency of thrombus formation was accompanied by erythrophagocytosis-induced ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we further revealed that upregulated TMEM16F expression mediated phosphatidylserine externalization on ferroptotic EC, which contributed to a uremia-associated hypercoagulable state.
Conclusion Our results indicate that erythrophagocytosis-triggered ferroptosis followed by phosphatidylserine exposure of EC may play a key role in uremic thrombotic complications, which may be a promising target to prevent thrombogenesis of uremia.
Triangulenium Ions: Versatile Organic Photoredox Catalysts for Green-Light-Mediated Reactions
Authors: Gianetti Thomas L. , Nowack Marko H. , Moutet Jules , Laursen Bo W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of tunable organic photoredox catalysts remains important in the field of photoredox catalysis. A highly modular and tunable family of trianguleniums (azadioxatriangulenium, diazaoxatriangulenium, and triazatriangulenium), and the related [4]helicene quinacridinium have been used as organic photoredox catalysts for photoreductions and photooxidations under visible light irradiation (λ = 518–640 nm). A highlight of this family of photoredox catalysts is their readily tunable redox properties, leading to different reactivities. We report their use as photocatalysts for the aerobic oxidative hydroxylation of arylboronic acids and the aerobic cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction of N-phenyl-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroisoquinoline with nitromethane through reductive quenching. Furthermore, their potential as photoreduction catalysts has been demonstrated through the catalysis of an intermolecular atom-transfer radical addition via oxidative quenching. These transformations serve as benchmarks to highlight that the easily synthesized trianguleniums, congeners of the acridiniums, are versatile organic photoredox catalysts with applications in both photooxidations and photoreductions.
Association between Lower Body Qualities and Change-of-Direction
Performance: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Zhili , Yin Mingyue , Bishop Chris , Ainsworth Barbara , Li Yongming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to determine the associations between lower body
muscle strength qualities and change of direction (CoD) performance. Three
databases were used to perform a systematic literature search up to September
30, 2022. Based on the studies that met the inclusion criteria, we calculated
Pearson’s r correlation coefficient to examine the relationships
between muscle strength qualities and CoD performance. The quality of the
studies included was evaluated by the modified version of the Downs and Black
Quality Index Tool. Heterogeneity was determined via the Q statistic and
I
2, and Egger’s test was used to assess small
study bias. The results revealed that lower body maximal strength (pooled:
r=− 0.54, dynamic:
r=− 0.60, static:
r=− 0.41), joint strength (pooled:
r=− 0.59, EXT-ecc:
r=− 0.63, FLEX-ecc:
r=− 0.59), reactive strength
(r=− 0.42) and power (pooled:
r=− 0.45, jump height:
r=− 0.41, jump distance:
r=− 0.60, peak power:
r=− 0.41) were negatively and moderately related
to CoD performance. To conclude, the results highlight that a number of muscle
strength qualities are associated with CoD performance and are pertinent to
specific phases of a directional change. It should be noted that the conclusions
of this study do not establish causality, and further research is needed to
better understand their training effects and underlying mechanisms.
A Retrospective Review of Social Deprivation Index and Maternal Outcomes with Placenta Accreta Spectrum from a Single Referral Center
Authors: Goulding Alison N. , Fox Karin A. , Reed Christina C. , Salmanian Bahram , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Aagaard Kjersti M. 
Published: June 2023

Objective Little is known about how community characteristics influence placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate whether adverse maternal outcomes among pregnant people (gravidae) with PAS delivering at a single referral center differ by community-level measures of social deprivation.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton gravidae with histopathology confirmed PAS delivering from January 2011 to June 2021 at a referral center. Data abstraction collected relevant patient information, including resident zip code, which was linked to Social Deprivation Index (SDI) score (a measure of area-level social deprivation). SDI scores were divided into quartiles for analysis. Primary outcome was a composite of maternal adverse outcomes. Bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were performed.
Results Among our cohort (n = 264), those in the lowest (least deprived) SDI quartile were older, had lower body mass index, and were more likely to identify as non-Hispanic white. Composite maternal adverse outcome occurred in 81 (30.7%), and did not differ significantly by SDI quartile. Intraoperative transfusion of ≥4 red blood cell units occurred more often among those living in deprived areas (31.2% in the highest [most deprived] vs. 22.7% in the lowest [least deprived] SDI quartile, p = 0.04). No other outcomes differed by SDI quartile. In multivariable logistic regression, a quartile increase in SDI was associated with 32% increased odds of transfusion of ≥4 red blood cell units (adjusted odds ratio: 1.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.75).
Conclusion Within a cohort of gravidae with PAS delivered at a single referral center, we found that those living in more socially deprived communities were more likely to receive transfusion of ≥4 red blood cell units, but other maternal adverse outcomes did not differ. Our findings highlight the importance of considering how characteristics of the surrounding community can impact PAS outcomes and may assist with risk stratification and resource deployment.
Key Points