bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual effect of picolinic acid in the photosynthetic performance of rice plants infected by Bipolaris oryzae
Authors: Hawerroth Caroline , Silva Bruno Nascimento , Oliveira Lillian Matias , Rodrigues Fabrício Ávila 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBrown spot, caused by Bipolaris oryzae, is one of the most important diseases of rice. The non‐host toxin α‐picolinic acid (PA) has great potential to be used to enhance plant resistance against pathogen infection. The present study investigated the effect of spraying PA [0 (control), 1, 3, and 5 mg/mL] on the photosynthetic performance of rice plants (cultivar Metica‐1) infected or not with B. oryzae. Moreover, whether the PA treatment, especially at the highest concentration, could affect brown spot development was also evaluated. The chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters such as variable‐to‐maximum chlorophyll a fluorescence ratio (Fv/Fm), photochemical yield [Y(II)], yield for dissipation by down‐regulation [Y(NPQ)], the yield for non‐regulated dissipation [Y(NO)], and electron transport rate (ETR) as well as the concentration of photosynthetic pigments were determined. Based on the in vitro assay, PA inhibited mycelial growth of B. oryzae in a dose‐dependent manner and conidial germ tube length only decreased at 5 mg PA/mL. Conidia germination was not affected by the PA treatment. Necrotic lesions caused by PA were observed on leaves of non‐inoculated plants at 3 and 5 mg PA/mL. Symptoms of the brown spot were reduced on plants sprayed with 1 and 3 mg PA/mL compared to the control treatment. Brown spot lesions and those originating from PA toxicity overlapped for inoculated plants sprayed with 3 and 5 mg PA/mL. The photochemical performance of non‐inoculated plants was hampered by treatments with 3 and 5 mg PA/mL. Greater concentration of photosynthetic pigments and less impairment on the photosynthetic performance of inoculated plants sprayed with 1 mg PA/mL were noticed based on the values of Fv/Fm, Y(II), Y(NPQ), Y(NO), and ETR compared to inoculated plants non‐sprayed with PA. In conclusion, spraying rice plants with a low concentration of PA could decrease brown spot severity while preserving the photosynthetic capacity of the infected plants. The cellular damage generated by spraying the plants with the highest PA concentration did not favour the infection process of B. oryzae.
Role and neural regulation of clock genes in the rat pineal gland: Clock modulates amplitude of rhythmic expression of Aanat encoding the melatonin‐producing enzyme
Authors: Blancas‐Velazquez Aurea S. , Bering Tenna , Bille Signe , Rath Martin F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCircadian clock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) controls 24 h rhythms in body functions, but clock genes are also expressed in extra‐hypothalamic tissues, including the melatonin‐producing pineal gland. The nocturnal increase in pineal melatonin synthesis is a hallmark in circadian biology, but the role of local clock gene oscillations in the mammalian pineal gland is unknown. The aim of this work is to determine the role of clock genes in endocrine function of the pineal gland with focus on the Aanat transcript encoding the rhythm‐generating enzyme of melatonin synthesis. Using the rat as a model, we here established 24 h expression patterns of clock genes in the pineal gland in vivo. Lesion studies showed that rhythmic clock gene expression in the pineal gland to a large extent depends on the SCN; further, clock gene rhythms could be re‐established in cultured pineal cells synchronized by rhythmic stimulation with norepinephrine in 12 h pulses, suggesting that pineal cells house a slave oscillator controlled by adrenergic signaling in the gland. Histological analyses showed that clock genes are expressed in pinealocytes and colocalize with Aanat transcripts, thus potentially enabling clock gene products to control cellular melatonin production. To test this, cultured pineal cells were transfected using small interfering RNA to knock down clock gene expression. While successful knockdown of Per1 had a minor effect on Aanat, Clock knockdown produced a marked overexpression of Aanat in the pinealocytes. Our study suggests that SCN‐dependent rhythmic Clock gene expression in the pinealocytes regulates the daily profile of Aanat expression.
Follow‐up of children with Down syndrome and sleep disordered breathing and the effects of treatment on actigraphically recorded sleep, quality of life, behaviour, and daytime functioning
Authors: Horne Rosemary S. C. , Shetty Marisha , Davey Margot J. , Walter Lisa M. , Nixon Gillian M. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryChildren with Down syndrome are at increased risk of obstructive sleep disordered breathing, which has deleterious effects on daytime functioning. We aimed to examine the effects of treatment of sleep disordered breathing on sleep quality and daytime functioning in children with Down syndrome, and hypothesised that these would be improved. Thirty‐four children completed a baseline study and a follow‐up 2 years later. Measures at both time points included 7 days of actigraphy and parents completed a number of questionnaires assessing sleep, behaviour, daytime functioning, and quality of life. All children had overnight polysomnography at baseline; 15 children (44%) were treated. At baseline the treated group had more severe sleep disordered breathing compared with the untreated group: obstructive apneoa–hypopnoea index 29.3 ± 38.2 events/h versus 3.3 ± 5.2 events/h (p < 0.01). Actigraphy showed no significant differences in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep schedules from baseline to follow up in either group. The sleep disturbance (p < 0.01) and total problems (p < 0.05) scales on the OSA‐18 and the sleep disordered breathing subscale on the Paediatric Sleep Problem Survey Instrument (p < 0.01) improved in the treated children. There were no changes in any measure in the untreated children. Treatment of sleep disordered breathing improves symptoms, sleep disturbance and quality of life in children with Down syndrome, but has no demonstrable impact on actigraphic sleep measures or daytime behaviour or function. In contrast, children who were not treated, despite having less severe disease at baseline, had increased sleep disruption and no change in quality of life.
Seeking help for nightmares: Associated personality factors
Authors: Schredl Michael 
Published: June 2023

SummaryResearch indicated that patients suffering from nightmares are often undertreated. One reason for this gap is that nightmare sufferers themselves often have not sought professional help for their nightmares, and—if they did—it was not very helpful. The current study aimed at studying trait factors (personality, harm avoidance) in relation to the persons considering seeking professional help. In a population‐sample of 1108 persons (712 women, 396 men) with a mean age of 50.55 ± 14.22 years, it was also found that only some of the persons who have problems with nightmares even considered seeking professional help as an option. As expected and after controlling for effects of nightmare frequency, persons with high harm avoidance and high introversion were more likely not seeking help for their problems with nightmares. The associations with low education, low agreeableness and low conscientiousness with considering seeking professional help might point to the fear of stigmatisation in nightmare sufferers. Interestingly, the association between harm avoidance and “Considering seeking professional help” was even stronger in the subsample of frequent nightmare sufferers (once a week or more often). Future efforts should aim at findings new ways to offer adequate help for nightmares and increase the knowledge about nightmare treatment in healthcare professionals.
Comparison of HBV DNA and RNA markers in Alaska Native people who did and did not clear hepatitis B surface antigen
Authors: Johnston Janet M. , McMahon Brian , Simons Brenna C. , Homan Chriss 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn a comparison between 50 Alaska Native persons with chronic hepatitis B who cleared HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and 50 Alaska Native age‐, sex‐, and HBV genotype‐matched controls, we found differences in changes in HBV DNA and HBV RNA levels over time but no difference in hepatitis B core‐related antigen. These findings suggest that serial HBV DNA and HBV RNA may be associated with HBV functional cure defined by HBsAg clearance.
Square‐grid sampling support to reconcile systematicity and adaptivity in periodic spatial surveys of natural populations
Authors: Bouriaud Olivier , Morneau François , Bontemps Jean‐Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsSpatially balanced sampling is the most efficient method for surveying continuous and spatially structured populations. The spatial sampling of large‐scale surveys is mostly based on grids whose properties drive and potentially limit the possibility of building flexible samples. Periodicity causes high sampling constraints when an increase in the frequency of information delivery is sought. The sampling stratification of the adaptive sampling intensity also conflicts with the grid‐based approach. Although some surveys seemingly exploit these properties, no formal developments have been made available in the survey sampling literature across the fields of application.MethodsWe define and demonstrate the geometric properties of square grids, demonstrate how they can be used to produce nested hierarchical grids compatible with multiple periodicity values of interest for natural monitoring, and adapt the sampling intensity across space and time. A simulation study was conducted to quantify how spatial balance can be traded slowly for sample size reduction.ResultsWe showed that square grids have geometric properties that can be exploited to cope with spatial flexibility in the sampling effort and the spatiotemporal coordination of samples. We also provide an original extension of this framework intended to tune the sampling effort gradually while preserving spatial systematicity. The simulation study showed that a nested hierarchical grid can be used to progressively reduce the sampling intensity while preserving regularity in the spatial arrangement of units.ConclusionsWe demonstrate the flexibility and diversity of sampling schemes that can be implemented with square grids, answering the need for periodicity and the coordination of multiple samples and the limits of their use.
What motivates users to report service‐related issues? A study on coproduction in a smart public service
Authors: Rodriguez Müller A. Paula , Lerusse Amandine , Steen Trui , Van De Walle Steven 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPublic service providers increasingly encourage users to actively coproduce as a means to enhance public service provision. But what drives users to coproduce? Using a unique combination of survey and actual behavior log‐data of 9992 smart public service users who reported service‐related issues, we examine the extent to which users' self‐centered and community‐centered motivations are associated with their actual reporting behavior as well as the effort intensity of such behavior. Our findings suggest that users' self‐centered motivations are positively related to their actual reporting behavior and effort intensity, while community‐centered motivations do not show a significant association. Our study highlights the importance of self‐centered motivations in (digital) coproduction and co‐assessment. It also showcases the potential of using log data from public services to measure actual coproduction behavior instead of relying solely on self‐reported behavior.
Extravesicular, two‐layer, side‐to‐side ureteroneocystostomy combined with tension‐relieving techniques for feline proximal ureteral obstruction: A retrospective study
Authors: Oyamada Kazuhisa , Inoue Michito , Sato‐Takada Kanae , Minamoto Tomomi , Fujiki Makoto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the surgical technique for extravesicular, two‐layer, side‐to‐side ureteroneocystostomy combined with tension‐relieving techniques (ETSUTT) for feline proximal ureteral obstruction and report clinical outcomes.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsTen privately‐owned cats with ureteral obstruction near the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ).MethodsMedical records were retrospectively reviewed for cats with ureteral obstruction close to the UPJ that underwent ETSUTT (2018–2021). The ETSUTT procedure consisted of a modified extravesicular technique (two‐layer, side‐to‐side ureteroneocystostomy) and tension‐relieving techniques (renal descensus, ureterocystopexy, and nephrocystopexy).ResultsAll cats survived through discharge. In all cats, postoperative blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations were decreased, compared with preoperative concentrations. Perioperative complications included ureteral catheter dislodgement (3), transient pollakiuria (2), and dysuria (1), but no specific treatments were required. Urinary tract infection was observed postoperatively in three of the 10 cats. The median follow‐up was 648 days (min–max: 86–1229 days). Seven of the 10 cats were alive without recurrent ureteral obstruction at the end of this retrospective study.ConclusionThe ETSUTT procedure was successfully performed without major complications in cats with ureteral obstruction occurring near the UPJ. Use of ETSUTT provided a fair‐to‐good, long‐term prognosis in cats that were otherwise difficult to manage.Clinical significanceThis novel procedure, ETSUTT, was feasible, safe, and could be a viable treatment option for feline proximal ureteral obstruction, including the UPJ, especially for obstructions caused by stricture.
Ex vivo evaluation of a novel suture loop method for equine intestinal biopsies
Authors: Munsterman Amelia S. , VanderBroek Ashley R. , Kottwitz Jack J. , Watson Victoria E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare a novel suture loop method for intestinal biopsies (SLB) with a two‐layer, hand‐sutured biopsy (HSB) technique in equine small and large intestines.Study designExperimental, randomized, ex vivo study.AnimalsEight healthy adult horses.MethodsThe duodenum, aboral jejunum, and ventral and dorsal large colon were harvested after euthanasia and divided into three sections each. The sections were randomized to SLB, HSB, or control (C, no biopsy) groups. Tissue samples were excised after placement of a suture loop formed by a 4S Roeder knot and oversewn with a Cushing pattern using barbed suture (SLB), or a simple continuous pattern oversewn with a Cushing pattern (HSB). Intraluminal diameter was assessed with contrast radiographs; bursting pressure and wall tension were determined using a solid‐state sensor after instillation of fluid. Tissue samples were evaluated by a board‐certified pathologist.ResultsTissue samples were full thickness with similar depth and quality (p > .3). Changes in intraluminal diameter did not differ between methods (p > .16). The bursting pressures were higher for controls than biopsied sections (p < .009) but were not different between biopsy methods (p = .998). Bursting wall tension was higher for controls (p < .02) and was similar for both biopsy methods (p = .852).ConclusionThe SLB was equivalent to HSB in strength and effect on intraluminal diameter. The HSB samples were larger and more likely to contain mucosa/villi for histologic diagnosis.Clinical significanceThe SLB method can be adapted for laparoscopic surgery to obtain both small and large intestinal biopsies. Further investigation is needed before clinical use.
Experiments and Lattice-Boltzmann Simulation of Flow in a Vertically Aligned Gearbox
Authors: Atencio Bercelay Niebles , Yao Hua-Dong , Chernoray Valery 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a study of the oil flow in a vertically arranged FZG gearbox. The splash and churning losses are experimentally evaluated using measurements of the resistance torque. Using high-speed imaging, the instantaneous oil splashing inside the gearbox is also presented and compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results from the lattice-Boltzmann method with the volume of fluid model, instead of the traditional finite volume method. Four different configurations, including a spur gear based on the standard FZG geometry and a disc pair wheel-pinion with the same tip diameters of the standard geometries, are used. The experiments cover a range from 500 to 3000 rpm and three oil levels are studied. For the CFD simulations, the same oil levels and rotational speeds are used. The experimental results indicate torque differences depending on the oil level and the configuration. The splashing pattern is also different from the standard horizontal FZG case, which is typically studied in the literature. On the other hand, the CFD simulations and flow visualization experiments are in relative agreement with one another. The similarities and differences in the torque values for the different configurations and the splashing pattern for both experiments and CFD simulations are analyzed and discussed.
Real-time ultrasound guidance versus fluoroscopic guidance in thoracic epidural catheter placement: a single-center, non-inferiority, randomized, active-controlled trial
Authors: Kwon Hyun-Jung , Lee Jung-Bok , Lee Kunhee , Shin Jae Young , Jeong Sung-Moon , Lee Jong-Hyuk , Kim Doo-Hwan 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionFluoroscopy can improve the success rate of thoracic epidural catheter placement (TECP). Real-time ultrasound (US)-guided TECP was recently introduced and showed a high first-pass success rate. We tested whether real-time US-guided TECP results in a non-inferior first-pass success rate compared with that of fluoroscopy-guided TECP.MethodsIn this single-center, non-inferiority, randomized trial, the primary outcome was the comparison of the first-pass success rate of TECP between real-time US guidance (US group) and fluoroscopic guidance (fluoroscopy group). Secondary outcomes included time to identifying epidural space, procedure time, total number of needle passes, number of skin punctures, final success, and cross-over success.ResultsWe randomly assigned 132 patients to the allocated groups. The difference in the first-pass success rate between the groups did not exceed the non-inferiority margin of 15% (US group: 66.7% vs fluoroscopy group: 68.2%; difference −1.5%, 95% exact CI: −14.9% to 11.9%). The difference in the final success rate also did not differ between the groups (98.5% vs 100.0%; difference −1.5%, 95% exact CI: −4.0% to 1.0%). The time to identifying epidural space (45.6 (34–62) vs 59.0 (42–77) s, p=0.004) and procedure time (39.5 (28–78) vs 112.5 (93–166) s, p<0.001) were significantly shorter in the US group.ConclusionsReal-time US guidance provided a non-inferior success rate and shorter time spent on preparation and procedure compared with fluoroscopic guidance in TECP.Trial registration numberKCT0006521.
$${{\rho }}$$ exchange contribution to neutrinoless double beta decay
Authors: Mahajan Namit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider $$\rho $$
ρ
meson contributions to neutrinoless double beta decay amplitude stemming from the hadronization of the short distance quark-electron currents. These contributions are evaluated within vacuum dominance approximation. The one and two $$\rho $$
ρ
exchange contributions affect the Fermi transition nuclear matrix element in a way that lead to near cancellations in the same chirality, left–left and right–right, short range amplitudes when these new contributions are combined with the conventional short range amplitudes, while the left–right amplitude almost triples. A rough estimate comparing this contribution to the long range pion exchange contribution indicates that $$\rho $$
ρ
exchange contribution can easily be $$\mathcal {O}(10\%)$$

O
(
10
%
)

of the pion contribution. When considering precision predictions, $$\rho $$
ρ
exchange amplitudes should be included in any phenomenological study, like in left–right theories.
Exclusive dilepton production in photon-induced interactions at RHIC
Authors: Xie Ya-Ping , Gonçalves V. P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe exclusive dilepton photoproduction in pp and pAu collisions at RHIC is investigated considering the contribution of the Bethe–Heitler (BH) and the timelike Compton scattering (TCS) processes. The TCS amplitude is estimated at next-to-leading-order of the strong running coupling constant $$\alpha _s$$

α
s

and assuming the Goloskokov–Kroll model for the quark and gluon generalized parton distributions. The TCS differential cross section is estimated as well the contribution associated to the interference between the TCS and BH amplitudes. Predictions for the TCS, BH and interference contributions are presented considering the kinematical range covered by the RHIC detectors.
Spontaneous Recession Repair after Orthodontic Treatment: Case Report with the Use of Digital Approach for Quantification of Soft Tissue Changes
Authors: Goncharuk-Khomyn Myroslav , Krasnokutskyy Oleksandr , Boichuk Mykola , Rusyn Vitaliy , Hliudzyk-Shemota Marharyta 
Published: June 2023

The article presents a case of spontaneous recession repair in a male patient with Class II malocclusion, division 1, after orthodontic treatment with aligners. The difference in digital recession depth was measured before and at the end of treatment by means of automatic intraoral scans superimposition within adapted software while using “Cross section” and “Measuring” instruments. Digital analysis of intraoral scans obtained before and at the end of treatment has revealed that recessions within the area of teeth 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, and 2.5 have improved, and recession depth reduced by

0.73
±
0.08

mm,

1.02
±
0.09

mm,

1.86
±
0.13

mm,

0.72
±
0.09

mm,

0.73
±
0.04

mm,

0.67
±
0.06

mm,

0.66
±
0.07

mm,

1.50
±
0.12

mm,

1.10
±
0.05

mm, and

0.45
±
0.04

mm, appropriately. The present case report emphasizes that orthodontic correction of altered tooth position (angulation, inclination, and rotation) under certain clinical conditions may be considered as an effective method for soft tissue contour optimization in cases when pre-treatment tooth position could be interpreted as a causative factor or associated with diagnosed recession. The following outcomes could be related, but not limited to creeping attachment mechanism, bone-housing centering effects, optimization of occlusal load distribution with ruling out peak zones of strain accumulation, and mucogingival stress leveling. Due to the authors’ knowledge, the present case report is the first one where the signs of spontaneous recession repair after orthodontic treatment were evidenced with the intraoral scans and quantified by the specifically implemented digital analysis approach.