bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of adjustment disorder and predisposing factors in infertile women
Authors: Shafierizi Shiva , Basirat Zahra , Nasiri-Amiri Fatemeh , Kheirkhah Farzan , Chehrazi Mohammad , Pasha Hajar , Faramarzi Mahbobeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Infertility is a stressful life event that increases the risk of developing mental disorders, particularly adjustment disorder (AD). Given the paucity of data on the prevalence of AD symptoms in infertility, the purpose of this study was to ascertain the prevalence, clinical presentation, and risk factors for AD symptoms in infertile women.

Method
In a cross-sectional study, 386 infertile women completed questionnaires including the Adjustment Disorder New Module-20 (ADNM), the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI), the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and the Primary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PC-PTSD-5) at an infertility center between September 2020 and January 2022.

Result
The results indicated that 60.1% of infertile women exhibited AD symptoms (based on ADNM > 47.5). In terms of clinical presentation, impulsive behavior was more common. No significant relationship was observed between prevalence and women's age or duration of infertility. Infertility stress (β = 0.27, p < 0.001), coronavirus anxiety (β = 0.59, p = 0.13), and a history of unsuccessful assisted reproductive therapies (β = 2.72, p = 0.008) were several predisposing factors for AD symptoms in infertile women.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that all infertile women be screened from the start of infertility treatment. Additionally, the study suggests that infertility specialists should focus on combining medical and psychological treatments for individuals predisposed to AD, particularly infertile women who exhibit impulsive behaviors.
Tobacco microbial screening and application in improving the quality of tobacco in different physical states
Authors: Ning Ying , Zhang Li-Yuan , Mai Jing , Su Jia-En , Cai Jie-Yun , Chen Yi , Jiang Yong-Lei , Zhu Ming-Jun , Hu Bin-Bin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe first-cured tobacco contains macromolecular substances with negative impacts on tobacco products quality, and must be aged and fermented to mitigate their effects on the tobacco products quality. However, the natural fermentation takes a longer cycle with large coverage area and low economic efficiency. Microbial fermentation is a method to improve tobacco quality. The change of chemical composition of tobacco during the fermentation is often correlated with shapes of tobacco. This study aimed to investigate the effects of tobacco microorganisms on the quality of different shapes of tobacco. Specifically,Bacillus subtilisB1 andCytobacillus oceanisediminisC4 with high protease, amylase, and cellulase were isolated from the first-cured tobacco, followed by using them for solid-state fermentation of tobacco powder (TP) and tobacco leaves (TL). Results showed that strains B1 and C4 could significantly improve the sensory quality of TP, enabling it to outperform TL in overall texture and skeleton of tobacco products during cigarette smoking. Compared with the control, microbial fermentation could increase reducing sugar; regulate protein, starch, and cellulose, reduce nicotine, improve total aroma substances, and enable the surface of fermented TP and TL to be more loose, wrinkled, and porous. Microbial community analysis indicated that strains B1 and C4 could change the native structure of microbial community in TP and TL. LEfSe analysis revealed that the potential key biomarkers in TP and TL wereBacilli,Pseudonocardia, Pantoea, andJeotgalicoccus, which may have cooperative effects with other microbial taxa in improving tobacco quality. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving tobacco fermentation process for better cigarettes quality.Graphical Abstract
Frequency and risk factors of abnormal nerve conduction studies in accidentally diagnosed diabetes
Authors: El-Bably Mona M. , Abdallah Amany M. , Metwaly Mohamed M. , El Mahdi Amira R. , Rashad Samia M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the major diabetic complication and affects quality of life (QoL).This study aims at assessing the frequency of DPN among accidentally diagnosed diabetic patients, identifying risk factors linked to DPN in those patients, and determine the potential effect on QoL.

Results
According to nerve conduction study (NCS), 32 patients (44.4%) had polyneuropathy. Polyneuropathy is significantly associated with older age, higher hip and waist measurements, higher weight, and body mass index (BMI).
About 53% of patients with polyneuropathy were current smokers versus 25% of non-smokers. Longer duration since the first diagnosis, higher fasting blood sugar (FBG), 2-h post-prandial (2-hPP) glucose, and HbA1c are also associated with peripheral neuropathy (PN) (p < 0.001). Being on insulin was associated with PN (p = 0.002). Increasing BMI, current smoking, and increased HbA1c significantly increase the risk of PN by 1.314, 19.963, and 3.302-folds, respectively. An unhealthy diet is also associated with PN.Hyperlipidemia was also associated with PN (p = 0.028). A significant positive association was found between DQoL scores and symptom scores.

Conclusion
A significant proportion of type 2 diabetic patients had DPN at the time of diagnosis, which adversely affects QoL. At the time of diagnosis, it is highly suggested that proper screening. procedures be used for DPN. Obesity, smoking, and elevated HbA1c significantly increase the risk of DPN.
A pharmacological challenge paradigm to assess neural signatures of script-elicited acute dissociation in women with post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Mertens Yoki L. , Manthey Antje , Sierk Anika , de Jong Peter , Walter Henrik , Daniels Judith K. 
Published: May 2023

Background
There is limited experimentally controlled neuroimaging research available that could explain how dissociative states occur and which neurobiological changes are involved in acute post-traumatic dissociation.

Aims
To test the causal hypothesis that acute dissociation is triggered bottom-up by a selective noradrenergic-mediated increase in amygdala activation during the processing of autobiographical trauma memories.

Method
Women with post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 47) and a history of interpersonal childhood trauma underwent a within-participant, placebo-controlled pharmacological challenge paradigm (4.0 mg reboxetine versus placebo) employing script-driven imagery (traumatic versus neutral autobiographical memory recall). Script-elicited brain activation patterns (measured via functional magnetic resonance imagery) were analysed by means of whole-brain analyses and a pre-registered region of interest (i.e. amygdala).

Results
Self-reported acute dissociation increased significantly during trauma (versus neutral) recall but did not differ between pharmacological conditions. The pharmacological manipulation was also unsuccessful in eliciting increased amygdala activation following script-driven imagery in the reboxetine (versus placebo) condition. In the reboxetine condition, trauma retrieval resulted in similar activation patterns as in the placebo condition (e.g. elevated brain activation in the middle occipital gyrus and supramarginal gyrus), albeit with different peaks.

Conclusions
Current (null) findings cast doubt on the suggested role of the amygdala in subserving dissociative processing of trauma memories. Alternative pharmacological manipulation approaches (e.g. ketamine) and analysis techniques (e.g. event-related independent component analysis) might provide better insight into the spatiotemporal dynamics and network shifts involved in dissociative experiences and autobiographical trauma memory recall.
Novel Generative Recurrent Neural Network Framework to Produce Accurate, Applicable, and Deidentified Synthetic Medical Data for Patients With Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Ganguli Reetam , Lad Rishik , Lin Alice , Yu Xiaotian 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Sensitive patient data cannot be easily shared/analyzed, severely limiting the innovative progress of research, specifically for marginalized/under-represented populations. Existing methods of deidentification are subject to data breaches. The objective of this study was to develop a neural network capable of generating a synthetic version of data for patients with novel postoperative metastatic cancer. METHODS We analyzed a metastatic cancer patient cohort of 167,474 patients obtained from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Twenty-seven clinical features were analyzed. We created a volume-matched synthetic cohort of 167,474 patients and a reduced-size synthetic cohort of 5,000 patients. The volume-matched and reduced-size synthetic cohorts were compared against the ground truth data to analyze differences in principal component distribution, underlying statistical properties/associations, intervariable correlations, and machine learning classifier performance when developed on the synthetic data. RESULTS Among 167,474 patients with metastatic cancer in the original data, 50,669 (30.3%) died within 30 days of their index surgery. Our model was able to accurately capture underlying statistical properties, principal components, and intervariable correlations within the ground truth data, yielding an accuracy of 93.2% with a loss of 0.21%, and develop synthetic data capable of training accurate machine learning classifiers. The reduced-size synthetic data accurately replicated all categorical variables and every continuous variable with statistically similar records ( P > .05), with the sole exception of preoperative albumin ( P < .05). The volume-matched synthetic data frame was able to accurately replicate all categorical variables ( P > .05). CONCLUSION This described methodology can be applied to any structured medical data from any setting, significantly expedite scientific analysis/innovation, and be used to develop improved predictive classifiers with boosted tree-based algorithms, serving as the potential new gold standard of medical data sharing and data augmentation.
NHR-23 activity is necessary for C. elegans developmental progression and apical extracellular matrix structure and function
Authors: Johnson Londen C. , Vo An A. , Clancy John C. , Myles Krista M. , Pooranachithra Murugesan , Aguilera Joseph , Levenson Max T. , Wohlenberg Chloe , Rechtsteiner Andreas , Ragle James Matthew , Chisholm Andrew D. , Ward Jordan D. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Nematode molting is a remarkable process where animals must repeatedly build a new apical extracellular matrix (aECM) beneath a previously built aECM that is subsequently shed. The nuclear hormone receptor NHR-23 (also known as NR1F1) is an important regulator of C. elegans molting. NHR-23 expression oscillates in the epidermal epithelium, and soma-specific NHR-23 depletion causes severe developmental delay and death. Tissue-specific RNAi suggests that nhr-23 acts primarily in seam and hypodermal cells. NHR-23 coordinates the expression of factors involved in molting, lipid transport/metabolism and remodeling of the aECM. NHR-23 depletion causes dampened expression of a nas-37 promoter reporter and a loss of reporter oscillation. The cuticle collagen ROL-6 and zona pellucida protein NOAH-1 display aberrant annular localization and severe disorganization over the seam cells after NHR-23 depletion, while the expression of the adult-specific cuticle collagen BLI-1 is diminished and frequently found in patches. Consistent with these localization defects, the cuticle barrier is severely compromised when NHR-23 is depleted. Together, this work provides insight into how NHR-23 acts in the seam and hypodermal cells to coordinate aECM regeneration during development.
Efficient and rapid fluorescent protein knock-in with universal donors in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Shi Yu , Kopparapu Nitya , Ohler Lauren , Dickinson Daniel J. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTFluorescent protein (FP) tagging is a key method for observing protein distribution, dynamics and interaction with other proteins in living cells. However, the typical approach using overexpression of tagged proteins can perturb cell behavior and introduce localization artifacts. To preserve native expression, fluorescent proteins can be inserted directly into endogenous genes. This approach has been widely used in yeast for decades, and more recently in invertebrate model organisms with the advent of CRISPR/Cas9. However, endogenous FP tagging has not been widely used in mammalian cells due to inefficient homology-directed repair. Recently, the CRISPaint system used non-homologous end joining for efficient integration of FP tags into native loci, but it only allows C-terminal knock-ins. Here, we have enhanced the CRISPaint system by introducing new universal donors for N-terminal insertion and for multi-color tagging with orthogonal selection markers. We adapted the procedure for mouse embryonic stem cells, which can be differentiated into diverse cell types. Our protocol is rapid and efficient, enabling live imaging in less than 2 weeks post-transfection. These improvements increase the versatility and applicability of FP knock-in in mammalian cells.
Lfc subcellular localization and activity is controlled by αv-class integrin
Authors: Coló Georgina P. , Seiwert Andrea , Haga Raquel B. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Fibronectin (FN)-binding integrins control a variety of cellular responses through Rho GTPases. The FN-binding integrins, αvβ3 and α5β1, are known to induce different effects on cell morphology and motility. Here, we report that FN-bound αvβ3 integrin, but not FN-bound α5β1 integrin, triggers the dissociation of the RhoA GEF Lfc (also known as GEF-H1 and ARHGEF2 in humans) from microtubules (MTs), leading to the activation of RhoA, formation of stress fibres and maturation of focal adhesions (FAs). Conversely, loss of Lfc expression decreases RhoA activity, stress fibre formation and FA size, suggesting that Lfc is the major GEF downstream of FN-bound αvβ3 that controls RhoA activity. Mechanistically, FN-engaged αvβ3 integrin activates a kinase cascade involving MARK2 and MARK3, which in turn leads to phosphorylation of several phospho-sites on Lfc. In particular, S151 was identified as the main site involved in the regulation of Lfc localization and activity. Our findings indicate that activation of Lfc and RhoA is orchestrated in FN-adherent cells in an integrin-specific manner.
Time-related changes in the knowledge of HIV/AIDS among followers of various religions in India
Authors: Khalid Amna , Qaisar Rizwan , Ahmad Firdos , Hussain M. Azhar , Karim Asima 
Published: May 2023

Background: The public knowledge levels about Human Immunodeficiency-Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) have been assessed in previous studies; however, time-related trends in association with socio-demographic standards among the followers of major religions in India are not known. Objectives: We assessed the 2005-06, 2015-16, and 2019-21 demographic and health survey (DHS) data from India to investigate trends in the levels of knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Hindus, Muslims, and Christians in relation to standard socio-demographic variables over a period of 16 years. Methods: The age range of the population was 15-54 years (n=611,821). The HIV/AIDS-related knowledge was assessed by developing a composite index based on ten questions about several aspects of HIV/AIDS, such as the mode of spread. We applied Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests to investigate whether people had heard about HIV/AIDS and their overall HIV knowledge in relation to several socio-demographic standards. Results: Generally, a higher increase in knowledge level was found between the first and second DHS surveys (2006-2016) as compared to between the second and third DHS surveys (2016-2021). We found the highest increase in the level of HIV/AIDS knowledge among Christian men than among Christian women followed by Hindus, whereas Muslims had the least increase over 16 years. Being a female, uneducated, poor, previously married, and having rural residence were associated with the highest increase in the knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: Christian men had the highest increase in HIV/AIDS-related knowledge then came Christian women and followers of other religions. We also found the highest increase in HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among the poorest, uneducated, and rural residents. Our findings may help formulate public health strategies targeting various less knowledgeable groups to reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS.
Exit Spirals in Coupled Networked Markets
Authors: Aymanns Christoph , Georg Co-Pierre , Golub Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

When are Coupled Networked Markets Prone to Sudden Collapse? Many important financial instruments are traded in large networked markets, whose fragility played a role in the Great Financial Crisis. In “Exit Spirals in Coupled Networked Markets,” Aymanns, Georg, and Golub study strategic market participation to show that fragility is exacerbated when several networked markets are coupled, so that activity in one market facilitates participation in others. Such coupling occurs, for example, when participants use relationships in one market to borrow funds to trade in others. The authors ask when market participation is prone to sudden collapse in an exit spiral. They explain when such exit spirals emerge and find that market coupling is a pervasive cause of fragility, creating exit spirals even between networks that are individually robust. The fragility of coupled markets can be mitigated if one of two coupled markets becomes centralized or if links become more correlated across markets.
Static analysis of gain control for a few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier employing pump power adjustment
Authors: Ono Hirotaka , Yamada Makoto 
Published: May 2023

In mode-division multiplexing (MDM) optical transmission systems and MDM networks, the gain must be kept nearly constant even when the input signal power of the few-mode (FM), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) changes. This paper investigates controllability of the gain in a 4-LP mode EDFA, whose EDF has signal modes of LP01, LP11, LP21, and LP02 or LP01, LP11, LP21, and LP31, by using analytical and full models. The results of calculation using the analytical model and a gain simulation using the full model show that the gain can be kept almost constant with an error less than 0.25 dB simply by adjusting the LP01 pump power of the EDFA with signal modes of LP01, LP11, LP21, and LP31. This result suggests that it is possible to control the gain simply by adjusting the pump power in FM-EDFAs where all signal modes have a radial mode number of one.
BICs-enhanced active terahertz wavefront modulator enabled by laser-cut graphene ribbons
Authors: Huang Jianzhou , Hu Bin , Wang Guocui , Wang Zongyuan , Li Jinlong , Liu Juan , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2023

Graphene-based terahertz (THz) metasurfaces combined with metallic antennas have the advantages of ultra-small thickness, electrical tunability, and fast tuning speed. However, their tuning ability is limited by non-independently tunable pixels and low modulation depth due to the ultra-small thickness of graphene. Here, we demonstrate a reconfigurable THz phase modulator with 5×5 independently tunable units enabled by switching the voltages applied on 10 graphene ribbons prepared by laser cutting. In addition, by introducing quasi-bound states in the continuum resonance through a designed double C-shaped antenna, the efficiency of the device is enhanced by 2.7–3.6 times under different graphene chemical potentials. Experimental results demonstrate that a focus can be formed, and the focal length is changed from 14.3 mm to 22.6 mm. This work provides potential for compact THz spatial light modulators that may be applied in THz communication, detection, and imaging.
Predictors of homebirth amidst COVID-19 pandemic among women attending health facilities in Wondo Genet, Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A case control study
Authors: Gaga Asaminew Geremu , Abebo Teshome Abuka , Simachew Yilkal 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundIn developing countries, home delivery increases the risk of maternal and perinatal mortality. Despite this, home deliveries account for a considerable share of deliveries in developing nations such as Ethiopia. Evidence on factors that affect homebirth is required for the measures needed to overcome these conditions.ObjectiveTo identify predictors of homebirth among women attending health facilities in Wondo Genet, Sidama Region.MethodsUnmatched case-control study was conducted from May to June 2021 among 308 mothers (102 cases and 206 controls) who recently delivered and visited either postnatal care or sought immunization service at public health facilities of Wondo Genet. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Epi-Data version 3.1 was used for data entry, and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used for data analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the determinants of homebirth. The association between the outcome variable and independent variables was declared statistically significant at a P-value < 0.05 with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) in a multivariable model.ResultsRural residence [AOR: 3.41; 95%CI: 1.58–7.39], lifetime physical IPV [AOR: 2.35; 95%CI: 1.06–5.17], grand-multiparity [AOR: 5.36; 95%CI: 1.68–17.08], non-use of contraception before recent pregnancy [AOR: 5.82; 95%CI: 2.49–13.60], >30 min to reach health facility [AOR: 2.14; 95%CI: 1.02–4.51], and lack of facemask [AOR: 2.69; 95%CI: 1.25–5.77] were statistically significant predictors of homebirth.Conclusion and recommendationThe access gap to maternity services should be narrowed between rural and urban women. Healthcare programs concerning women’s empowerment could help reduce persistent intimate partner violence. Family planning needs to be promoted, and multiparous women should be counseled on the adverse obstetric consequences of homebirth. The devastating effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on maternity services should be prevented.