bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paediatric myopia shift during the COVID-19 pandemic home quarantine: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abounoori Mahdi , Aghajani Ali , Chaibakhsh Samira , Babakhanian Masoudeh , Pourazizi Mohsen , Peyman Alireza 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundOutdoor activities were restricted during the COVID-19 outbreak, although digital learning grew. Concerns have been raised about the impact of these environmental changes on myopia status. This research aimed to examine myopia shift during the COVID-19 pandemic and offer the community evidence-based data.MethodsThe literature search was undertaken in PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases on published papers before 17 May 2022. The main outcome was mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) before, at the onset and at the end of follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsAmong 518 articles, 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The mean SER differences during the COVID-19 pandemic follow-up (mean follow-up time was 10 months) compared with before the pandemic was 0.15 dioptre (D) (95% CI −0.39 to 0.69, p=0.58). After age adjustment using meta-regression, the mean SER differences during the COVID-19 follow-up compared with before the pandemic was – 0.46 D (95% CI −0.59 to −0.34, p<0.001). Over the mean follow-up time during the COVID-19 pandemic, the SER mean difference was −0.55 D (95% CI −0.78 to −0.32, p<0.001), showing that the mean SER had decreased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mean SER differences in myopic patients before COVID-19 compared with during the pandemic follow-up was −0.49 D (95% CI −0.53 to −0.45, p=0.00). So the prior pandemic myopic patients became more myopic during the pandemic follow-up time.ConclusionDuring home quarantine, the mean SRE shifting in paediatrics accelerated. This phenomenon should be given more attention by policymakers, eyecare experts, educators and parents.
Efficacy of postmortem CT and tissue sampling in establishing the cause of death in clinical practice: a prospective observational study
Authors: Mentink Max Guillaume , Latten Bart G H , Bakers Frans C H , Mihl Casper , Benali Faysal , Nelemans Patty J , Rennenberg Roger J M W , Koopmans Richard P , Bergmans Dennis C J J , Kubat Bela , Hofman Paul A M 
Published: December 2022

AimsThe aim of this study is to evaluate whether agreement with autopsy-determined cause of death (COD) increases by use of postmortem CT (PMCT) or PMCT in combination with postmortem sampling (PMS), when compared with clinical assessment only.MethodsThis prospective observational study included deceased patients from the intensive care unit and internal medicine wards between October 2013 and August 2017. The primary outcome was percentage agreement on COD between the reference standard (autopsy) and the alternative postmortem examinations (clinical assessment vs PMCT or PMCT+PMS). In addition, the COD of patient groups with and without conventional autopsy were compared with respect to involved organ systems and pathologies.ResultsOf 730 eligible cases, 144 could be included for analysis: 63 underwent PCMT without autopsy and 81 underwent both PMCT and autopsy. Agreement with autopsy-determined COD was significantly higher for both PMCT with PMS (42/57, 74%), and PMCT alone (53/81, 65%) than for clinical assessment (40/81, 51%; p=0.007 and p=0.03, respectively). The difference in agreement between PMCT with PMS and PMCT alone was not significant (p=0.13). The group with autopsy had a significantly higher prevalence of circulatory system involvement and perfusion disorders, and a lower prevalence of pulmonary system involvement.ConclusionPMCT and PMS confer additional diagnostic value in establishing the COD. Shortcomings in detecting vascular occlusions and perfusion disorders and susceptibility to pulmonary postmortem changes could in future be improved by additional techniques. Both PMCT and PMS are feasible in clinical practice and an alternative when autopsy cannot be performed.
Mechanical thrombectomy with a balloon-guide catheter: sheathless transradial versus transfemoral approach
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Monteiro Andre , Cappuzzo Justin M , Kruk Marissa D , Almayman Faisal , Housley Steven B , Lim Jaims , Dossani Rimal H , Snyder Kenneth V , Siddiqui Adnan H , Davies Jason M , Levy Elad I 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe transradial approach (TRA) for mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke has been limited by the size of catheters usable in the radial artery, with the smaller access site precluding balloon-guide catheter (BGC) use. However, promising results have been reported for a TRA with a sheathless BGC (sTRA). We sought to perform a comparative study of MT with a BGC via the sTRA versus the transfemoral approach (TFA).MethodsA retrospective review of our MT database was conducted. Baseline, procedure-related, and outcome data were compared for patients aged ≥18 years with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score ≥6, and prestroke modified Rankin Scale score ≤2 treated with either approach.ResultsNinety-three consecutive patients (34 sTRA and 59 TFA) were included. Both groups had similar demographics, comorbidities, stroke severity, intravenous alteplase use, and occlusion location. Mean time from puncture to final recanalization was faster in the sTRA group (29 vs 36 min, p=0.059) despite a higher access site crossover rate in the sTRA group (11.8% vs 0%, p=0.016). There were no differences between groups regarding last modified Thombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score; first-pass or modified first-pass effect; time from last known well to puncture; use of stent-retriever, aspiration, or combination first approach; number of passes; symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage; hospital stay; 90-day functional independence; and mortality. National Institutes of Health Scale score and modified first-pass effect were the only independent predictors of poor outcomes.ConclusionsComparable patients treated with MT via the sTRA or TFA had similar angiographic and clinical outcomes.
Response to therapy at 6 months predicts long-term renal outcome in lupus nephritis with poor kidney function
Authors: Luo Huiting , Zhou Yangzhong , Chen Gang , Ren Qidong , Zhao Jiuliang , Ye Wenling , Qin Yan , Li Xuemei 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveIt is unclear whether aggressive treatment would benefit lupus nephritis (LN) with poor renal function, which has been excluded from most clinical trials. We aimed at demonstrating their clinicopathological features and prognosis.MethodsFrom August 2012 to December 2018, patients with active LN with poor renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 15 and 59 mL/min/1.73 m2) receiving induction therapy were included. Complete response (CR) was defined as proteinuria <0.5 g/24 hours, while partial response (PR) was defined as ≥50% proteinuria reduction to subnephrotic levels (<3.5 g/24 hours), with (near) normal eGFR. The primary outcome was end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The significant variables were selected via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method to construct prediction models for ESRD and treatment response.ResultsA total of 107 patients were included. At 6 months, 18.7%, 38.3% and 43.0% of patients achieved CR, PR and no response (NR), respectively. During a median follow-up of 60 months, 40.2% ended up with reduced renal function (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and 14.0% progressed to ESRD. The proportions of NR at 6 months were significantly higher in these patients compared with those with recovered renal function (p<0.001). In multivariable analysis, baseline eGFR ≤33 mL/min/1.73 m2(HR 3.499, 95% CI 1.044 to 11.730), fibrous crescent (HR 3.439, 95% CI 1.029 to 11.490) and NR at 6 months (HR 17.070, 95% CI 2.155 to 135.240) independently predicted ESRD (C-index 0.911, 95% CI 0.866 to 0.956). Further, baseline hypertension (HR 2.517, 95% CI 0.820 to 8.580), SLE duration>3 months (2.517, 1.012–7.226) and chronicity index (HR 1.757, 95% CI 1.371 to 2.414) predicted NR at 6 months (C-index 0.833, 95% CI 0.756 to 0.910).ConclusionsIn patients with LN with poor renal function, no response at 6 months predicts a poor long-term renal outcome.
Role of platelet function testing in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis
Authors: Aluvilu Anastasia , Ferro Albert 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether using platelet function testing (PFT) in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) to personalise antiplatelet therapy including a P2Y12antagonist offers any clinical benefits to indicate incorporation into routine practice.MethodsA search was conducted on five databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted between 1 January 2000 and 17 July 2022, which included an ADP-specific platelet function assays and P2Y12antagonists as part of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and have reported the efficacy and/or safety outcomes. The reported event frequencies were used to calculate the risk ratios (RRs) with a 95% CI. The χ2heterogeneity statistical test and sensitivity analysis were used for heterogeneity assessment.ResultsFive RCTs with 7691 patients were included in the analysis. No significant risk reduction was seen in major adverse cardiovascular events (RR=0.95, p=0.42), individual cardiac events (cardiovascular death: RR=0.76, p=0.26; myocardial infarction: RR=0.96, p=0.74; stent thrombosis: RR=0.92, p=0.83; stroke: RR=0.91, p=0.72; target vessel revascularisation: RR=1.06, p=0.47) and overall clinical outcome (RR=0.90, p=0.22). There was also no difference in the rate of bleeding between PFT-guided and standard therapies (major bleeding: RR=0.97, p=0.78, minor bleeding: RR=0.89, p=0.19 and any bleeding: RR=1.04, p=0.33).ConclusionCompared with standard DAPT with P2Y12antagonists, using PFT to adjust antiplatelet therapy does not improve clinical outcomes. Therefore, the positions of key guidelines on routine testing in ACS should remain unchanged. In addition, the study highlights the need for well-designed and powered RCTs and standardised testing methodologies to provide reliable findings and definitive conclusions.
Latent trajectory modelling of pulmonary artery pressure in systemic sclerosis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kida Takashi , Matsuzaki Keiichi , Yokota Isao , Kawase Nozomu , Kadoya Masatoshi , Inoue Hironori , Kukida Yuji , Kaneshita Shunya , Inoue Takuya , Wada Makoto , Kohno Masataka , Fukuda Wataru , Kawahito Yutaka , Iwami Taku 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo visualise the trajectories of pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and identify the clinical phenotypes for each trajectory, by applying latent trajectory modelling for PAP repeatedly estimated by echocardiography.MethodsThis was a multicentre, retrospective cohort study conducted at four referral hospitals in Kyoto, Japan. Patients with SSc who were treated at study sites between 2008 and 2021 and who had at least three echocardiographic measurements of systolic PAP (sPAP) were included. A group-based trajectory model was applied to the change in sPAP over time, and patients were classified into distinct subgroups that followed similar trajectories. Pulmonary hypertension (PH)-free survival was compared for each trajectory. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed for baseline clinical characteristics associated with trajectory assignment.ResultsA total of 236 patients with 1097 sPAP measurements were included. We identified five trajectories: rapid progression (n=9, 3.8%), early elevation (n=30, 12.7%), middle elevation (n=54, 22.9%), late elevation (n=24, 10.2%) and low stable (n=119, 50.4%). The trajectories, in the listed order, showed progressively earlier elevation of sPAP and shorter PH-free survival. In the multinomial logistic regression analysis with the low stable as a reference, cardiac involvement was associated with rapid progression, diffuse cutaneous SSc was associated with early elevation and anti-centromere antibody was associated with middle elevation; older age of onset was associated with all three of these trajectories.ConclusionThe pattern of changes in PAP over time in SSc can be classified into five trajectories with distinctly different clinical characteristics and outcomes.
MUC5Bpromoter variant rs35705950, rare but significant susceptibility locus in rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease with usual interstitial pneumonia in Asian populations
Authors: Joo Young Bin , Ahn Soo Min , Bang So-Young , Park Youngho , Hong Su Jin , Lee Youkyung , Cho Soo-Kyung , Choi Chan-Bum , Sung Yoon-Kyoung , Kim Tae-Hwan , Jun Jae-Bum , Yoo Dae Hyun , Bae Sang-Cheol , Lee Hye-Soon 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundMUC5Bvariant rs35705950 is the common and most significant risk variant for rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) in Western populations. However, little is known about its significant association with RA-ILD in Asian populations. We here investigate the association of rs35705950 with Korean patients with RA-ILD.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we genotyped rs35705950 in 2444 patients with RA. Among them, 683 patients with RA who have chest CT were divided into RA-ILD and RA-noILD. RA-ILD was classified as usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and other than UIP. The associations of rs35705950 with RA-ILD and its subtype were analysed using multivariable regression adjusted for age at RA diagnosis. Meta-analysis of a previously reported Japanese dataset and Korean dataset obtained for this study was conducted.ResultsThe minor allele (T) frequency of rs35705950 was 0.37%, 1.43% and 2.38% in 2444 patients with RA, 105 patients with RA-ILD and 63 patients with UIP, respectively. Genotypic association of rs35705950 with RA-ILD was insignificant (OR 2.49, 95% CI 0.64 to 9.69, p=0.187), but showed significant association with UIP (OR 4.90, 95% CI 1.23 to 19.59, p=0.024) compared with RA-noILD. In meta-analysis (123 UIP and 878 RA-noILD) combining our data with previously reported Japanese data, this variant was found to be significantly associated with UIP (OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.19 to 10.37, p=0.023).ConclusionMUC5Bvariant rs35705950 is a rare but significant risk factor for Asian patients with RA-ILD with UIP, suggesting a sharing of the genetic background between Asian and Western populations.
COVID-19 communication resources in a major health system: development and dissemination
Authors: Christensen April , Havyer Rachel , Lorenz Amanda , Alli Adebisi , Kilpatrick Molly , Feely Molly , Carey Elise 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesEarly in the pandemic, institutional leadership recognised the importance of providing staff with practical, clinically based communication resources. This paper describes the process of cultivating and disseminating rapid communication resources across a multisite institution to assist others who may need to rapidly respond to communication challenges in the future.MethodsIn April 2020, the Mayo Healthcare Incident Command System charged the Center for Palliative Medicine with developing and disseminating clinical communication resources within several weeks. The Education Chair for the Center for Palliative Medicine created a COVID-19 communication task force composed of clinician-educators with expertise in serious illness communication from all three academic Mayo Clinic sites. The task force elected to focus on providing accessible, just-in-time online content curated from existing resources and adapted to situational needs.ResultsThe task force developed one-page resources with example language on 16 topic areas. Topics included exploring patient values, discussing time-limited trials and making recommendations. The COVID-19 communication website was launched on 28 May, 6 weeks after the institutional request.ConclusionsKey takeaway lessons were the need for: (1) alignment with institutional need and priority, (2) rapid team formation with communication education experts across a variety of institutional geographic settings, (3) quick consensus on topic and content delivery to be practically helpful to clinicians, (4) collaboration with outside groups to use and adapt already available resources when possible and (5) early and iterative involvement with information specialists to help facilitate institutional dissemination.
Multidisciplinary supportive care in cancer: cost analysis
Authors: Monnery Daniel , Liu Yan , Griffiths Ann , Lockhart Jill , Coyle Seamus , Olsson-Brown Anna 
Published: December 2022

PurposeEnhanced supportive care (ESC) is the early implementation of supportive care in cancer. In England, this model is being developed to support patients with treatable but not curable cancer and implements a multiprofessional approach.ObjectiveTo describe the workforce and cost-effectiveness of an outpatient ESC service in a tertiary cancer centre in England.MethodsWorkforce costs to deliver ESC to 265 patients was collected. Service impact on secondary care usage in the last year of life was compared against the regional and national average derived from the National Health Service Digital Secondary Uses Service dataset.ResultsOur ESC service required the input of seven professional groups and cost £125 542 for 12 months. ESC patients had an average of 1.72 fewer admissions per patient per last year of life than the national average. Length of stay was reduced from an average of 9.2 days to 4.78 days per admission in the last year of life. The reduced secondary care usage saved £2 398 537.68.ConclusionsOutpatient ESC in this cohort required an multidisciplinary team approach and saved money through secondary care use reduction.
Grain, Gluten, and Dietary Fiber Intake Influence Gut Microbial Diversity: Data from the Food and Microbiome Longitudinal Investigation
Authors: Um Caroline Y. , Peters Brandilyn A. , Choi Hee Sun , Oberstein Paul , Beggs Dia B. , Usyk Mykhaylo , Wu Feng , Hayes Richard B. , Gapstur Susan M. , McCullough Marjorie L. , Ahn Jiyoung 
Published: December 2022

Although short-term feeding studies demonstrated effects of grains, fiber, and gluten on gut microbiome composition, the impact of habitual intake of these dietary factors is poorly understood. We examined whether habitual intakes of whole and refined grains, fiber, and gluten are associated with gut microbiota in a cross-sectional study. This study included 779 participants from the multi-ethnic Food and Microbiome Longitudinal Investigation study. Bacterial 16SV4 rRNA gene from baseline stool was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. Read clustering and taxonomic assignment was performed using QIIME2. Usual dietary intake was assessed by a 137-item food frequency questionnaire. Association of diet with gut microbiota was assessed with respect to overall composition and specific taxon abundances. Whole grain intake was associated with overall composition, as measured by the Jensen–Shannon divergence (multivariable-adjusted Ptrend for quartiles = 0.03). The highest intake quartile was associated with higher abundance of Bacteroides plebeius, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Blautia producta, and Erysipelotrichaceae and lower abundance of Bacteroides uniformis. These bacteria also varied by dietary fiber intake. Higher refined grain and gluten intake was associated with lower Shannon diversity (Ptrend &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that whole grain and dietary fiber are associated with overall gut microbiome structure, largely fiber-fermenting microbiota. Higher refined grain and gluten intakes may be associated with lower microbial diversity.Significance:Regular consumption of whole grains and dietary fiber was associated with greater abundance of gut bacteria that may lower risk of colorectal cancer. Further research on the association of refined grains and gluten with gut microbial composition is needed to understand their roles in health and disease.
Re-pensando a raiva: políticas midiatizadas do corpo ressentido
Authors: Caetano Kati , Rigoni Filho Júlio César 
Published: December 2022

Este artigo visa a retomar o debate das paixões considerando-as a partir da dimensão política em que certas eclosões passionais podem ser apreendidas. Refere-se especificamente à raiva, que tem sido muito discutida no campo da Ciência Política recentemente, como forma de emancipação política integrada a uma nova partilha do sensível. Buscamos explicar esse contexto de discussões no domínio da semiótica, intentando, ao mesmo tempo, ampliar, nesta, o quadro de discussão dos efeitos de sentido passionais. Apreender a paixão como ato de subjetivação, que implica a presença de um limite do insuportável, coloca em xeque o procedimento da moralização para situá-la em outro nível de sensibilização, o do irrompimento da raiva como dissenso político. Essa problematização dos afetos indóceis permite pensá-los como objeto de uma semiótica implicada em práticas mitigadoras dos danos sociais.
Interação e cuidado materno: análise sociossemiótica de histórias de vida de estudantes da área de Letras
Authors: Reis Naiane Vieira dos 
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho objetiva analisar, nas narrativas de formação de estudantes que também são mães e trabalhadoras, situadas na região Norte do Brasil, as interações no serviço de cuidado, que pode estar associado ao fazer de mulheres ou de uma comunidade. Para tanto, discute-se sobre o trabalho e sobre a participação das mulheres no espaço público e privado, a partir das contribuições das teorias sociológicas, da historiografia e dos estudos do discurso, mobilizando as categorias de análise da sociossemiótica para compreender como se dão as relações mais ou menos hierarquizadas ou ritualizadas nos discursos desses sujeitos na sua atuação em diferentes âmbitos. Ao longo da formação, as estudantes que vivenciam a maternidade fazem uso de diferentes estratégias para garantir a permanência na universidade, tendo em vista suas rotinas de estudos e, tantas vezes, de trabalho. Assim, ao ser configurada uma comunidade de cuidado em diversos espaços, em interação regida pela sensibilidade, emergem-se novas possibilidades, menos excludentes, para as estudantes-mães, de pertencimento à vida acadêmica e ao âmbito público.
Interação, desinformação e intolerância: análise de uma fake news sobre o assassinato Marielle Franco
Authors: Mendes Conrado Moreira , Giarola Natália , Vitti Mariana , Maricato André Vianna 
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho investiga a relação entre a desinformação e a intolerância nas redes sociais online, tomando como corpus uma fake news, veiculada na fanpage “Canal da Direita”, no Facebook. Para isso, apresenta duas seções teóricas: uma sobre verdade, veridicção e crença para tratar, semioticamente, da desinformação e, em seguida, uma sobre intolerância, visto que tais fenômenos estão, contemporaneamente, relacionados. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: com base em Barros (2020), a) realizar o diálogo entre essa fake news e outros textos/discursos para desmascará-la; (b) analisar o discurso intolerante da postagem e dos comentários com base em dois dos quatro eixos propostos por Barros (2011, 2015), a saber: sanção e temas e figuras e; (c) analisar as interações discursivas (OLIVEIRA, A., 2013) nos pares postagem/comentários e comentários/comentários. Os resultados da análise indicam que a notícia compartilhada faz uso de estratégias que permitem a criação de um parecer verdadeiro, por meio da ancoragem de ator, tempo e espaço e, sobretudo, o argumento de autoridade. Além disso, tematiza a minimização da morte de Marielle Franco. Finalmente, a notícia falsa propagada é a responsável por desencadear um circuito de interações discursivas nos pares postagem/comentários e comentários/comentários, caracterizados, sobretudo, pelo sentido conquistado e pelo sentido aleatório (OLIVEIRA, A., 2013).