bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of periarticular osteophytes of the distal tarsus diagnosed in nonlame yearling Standardbred horses on racing performance
Authors: McCoy Annette M. , Scolman Kara N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the radiographic prevalence of periarticular osteophytes of the distal tarsus in nonlame yearling Standardbred horses, and to evaluate its potential impact on race performance.Study designCross‐sectional cohort study.AnimalsClient‐owned yearling Standardbred horses (n = 416).MethodsBilateral tarsal radiographs were available from all horses for review. Osteophytes were measured on radiographs using clinical visualization software and categorized by size. Racing records were obtained from the United States Trotting Association. Regression analysis was used to determine associations between presence or size of periarticular osteophytes and performance parameters with sex and gait covariates.ResultsOf 416 Standardbred yearlings without clinical lameness, 113 (27.1%) had distal tarsal periarticular osteophytes. Regression analyses revealed few associations between the presence of periarticular osteophytes and performance parameters. Affected horses had fewer starts at 4 years of age (incident rate ratio [IRR] 0.92, p = .01) and fewer lifetime starts (IRR 0.95, p = .003), but the effect size was small. Within the affected group, osteophyte size was only associated with number of starts at 3 (IRR 0.67, p < .0001). Sex and gait affected many performance parameters.ConclusionThe prevalence of distal tarsal periarticular osteophytes was similar to that in other breeds. Periarticular osteophytes of the distal tarsus appeared to be a largely incidental finding in nonlame yearling Standardbreds intended for harness racing.Clinical significanceDistal tarsal periarticular osteophytes in young, nonlame Standardbred horses should affect racing potential only minimally. This is in contrast to reports from other disciplines.
Elevated CO2 concentration enhances Oryza sativa seed shattering and affects seed shattering gene expression
Authors: Balbinot Andrisa , Viana Vívian E. , Feijó Anderson R. , Fipke Marcus V. , Heck Tamara , Ziska Lewis H. , Markus Catarine , Merotto Aldo , Avila Luis A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWeedy rice (Oryza spp.) is widely recognised as a major constraint in cultivated rice systems globally. Seed shattering is related to the invasiveness and persistence of weedy ecotypes in field and exacerbates control of weedy rice in cultivated rice systems. Shattering traits are controlled genetically and by different environmental conditions. At present, a rapidly changing environment, including rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, could alter shattering frequency, with subsequent effects on weed seed input and competition. The study aimed to evaluate the interaction between weedy rice seed shattering and transcriptional seed shattering‐regulation genes as affected by weedy rice genotypes and atmospheric CO2 concentrations. We examined seven biotypes and two levels of atmospheric [CO2]: ambient {a[CO2]} and enhanced {e[CO2]} concentrations of 400 and 700 μmol mol−1 respectively. Our results indicate that e[CO2] increases weedy rice seed shattering. The gene expression analysis demonstrates that in most genotypes the e[CO2] increased the expression of all shattering‐related genes (OsCPL1, qSH1, Sh4, SHAT1, OsXTH8, OSH15 and SH5). Atmospheric [CO2] greatly affects seed shattering in weedy rice and has a minor effect on cultivated rice, by modulation of seed shattering‐related gene expression. Weedy rice genotypes had the highest upregulation of these genes.
Weed seedbank, above‐ground weed community and crop yields under conventional and conservation agriculture practices in maize–wheat–mungbean rotation
Authors: Ghosh Sonaka , Das T. K. , Nath C. P. , Bhatia Arti , Biswas D. R. , Bandyopadhyay K. K. , Yeasin Md , Raj Rishi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWeeds are the major biological barriers to achieving higher yields in agro‐ecosystem. We aimed to determine weed community (seedbank and aboveground) and crop yield responses to conventional tillage (CT) and different types of conservation agriculture (CA) practices with variable nitrogen (N) doses in a maize (Zea mays L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) rotation. After 8 years of implementation, CA practices including zero‐tilled (ZT) permanent narrow‐bed with crop residues and 100% required N (PNB + R + 100 N), and ZT permanent broad‐bed with residues and 100% required N (PBB + R + 100 N) had a lower weed seed density by 45% at 0–7.5 cm and 53% at 7.5–15 cm soil layers than CT. CT promoted dominance of Cyperus rotundus L., Cyperus esculentus L. and Dinebra retroflexa (Vahl) Panz. while, specific CA practices (PNB + R + 100 N and PBB + R + 100 N) promoted dominance of Digera arvensis Forsk. and Melilotus indicus (L.). Compared to PNB + R + 100 N and PBB + R + 100 N, CT seedbanks had 41–46% higher ecological dominance, which is an indicator that delineates dominance of few specific weed species. The PBB + R + 100 N also had a lower total above‐ground weed density in maize–wheat–mungbean rotation by 34% (mean of years) than CT. The PBB + R + 100 N had 31.1% higher system productivity over CT. Thus, PBB + R + 100 N could reduce the weed seed density in the soil and above‐ground weeds and increase crop yields for sustainable crop production in maize–wheat–mungbean rotations.
Torsors for finite group schemes of bounded height
Authors: Darda Ratko , Yasuda Takehiko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLet be a nontrivial finite étale tame group scheme over a global field . We define height functions on the set of ‐torsors over , which generalize the usual heights such as the discriminant. As an analogue of the Malle conjecture for group schemes, we formulate a conjecture on the asymptotic behavior of the number of ‐torsors over of bounded height. This is a special case of our more general “stacky Batyrev–Manin” conjecture [18]. The conjectured asymptotic is proven for the case when is commutative. When is a number field, the leading constant is expressed as a product of certain arithmetic invariants of and the volume of a space attached to . Moreover, an equidistribution property of ‐torsors in the space is established.
Barriers and facilitators for adopting healthy lifestyles in breast cancer survivors: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Shi Ao , Fong King Hei Anthony , Rodomar Carrie , Demetriou Christiana A. , Kolokotroni Ourania , Philippou Elena , Salameh Pascale , Mosquera Maria Cecilia , Papageorgiou Elisavet , Critselis Elena , Marcou Yiola , Constantinou Constantina , Quattrocchi Annalisa 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
This scoping review will identify barriers and facilitators for the adoption of 7 healthy lifestyle components by female breast cancer survivors. This will be achieved by mapping the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations and the Lifestyle Medicine pillars.

Introduction:
Adherence to healthy lifestyle components (including weight management, physical activity, healthy diet, restorative sleep, avoidance of risky substances, forming and maintaining healthy relationships, and stress management) may improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors and reduce the risk of adverse patient outcomes. However, cancer survivors’ adherence to recommendations of multiple healthy lifestyle components is low, and decreases over time.

Inclusion criteria:
The review will consider peer-reviewed studies investigating barriers and facilitators for adopting any of the 7 healthy lifestyle components by female adult (18+) breast cancer survivors (ie, from the time of diagnosis), in community, hospital, and/or cancer care settings, without any geographical restrictions. All study designs, and articles published only in the English language, will be included.

Methods:
The review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to be searched will include MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library databases. Articles published from 2007 to the present will be considered since this was the year in which the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations were published. Two independent reviewers will screen the retrieved articles and extract the data. Barriers and facilitators for each lifestyle component will be grouped according to the Theoretical Domain Framework. A narrative summary will explicate the charted data.

Review registration number:
This scoping review protocol was registered in Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/cn3va).
Optimization Method of Design Parameters of Hypoid Gears With Low Sliding Ratio
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wang Zhiyong , Yan Hongzhi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To reduce the wear, an optimization method of hypoid gears with the objective of minimizing the pinion sliding ratio is proposed. First, the sliding ratio model of the hypoid gear is established on the basis of the spatial gear meshing theory. Furthermore, the influence of design parameters on the sliding ratio and the relative sliding velocity is discussed, and the analysis results show that the parameters, especially the spiral angle and the pressure angle, have the most significant influence on the sliding ratio of the pinion. Additionally, the optimization model of hypoid gears is established, and the optimization objective is to minimize the sum of the absolute sliding ratios of 34 meshing points on the pinion tooth surfaces. Through comparison before and after optimization, it is found that the maximum drops of the sliding ratios for the pinion drive and coast side are 68.6% and 29.58%, respectively. Finally, the results of the running temperature tests demonstrate that the temperature of the optimized gear pair is significantly reduced and that the proposed method is effective.
Surface Effect in Nano-Scale Fretting Contact Problems
Authors: Xiao Sha , Peng Zhilong , Wu Hui , Yao Yin , Chen Shaohua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The fretting contact behavior of nanostructured materials is significantly influenced by the surface effect. A model of fretting contact between a nano-sized rigid cylindrical indenter and an elastic half-plane is established based on Gurtin–Murdoch (G–M) surface elasticity theory, with which the surface effects on the stress and displacement distributions and the size of stick region (no-slip region) in the contact zone are systematically studied. It is found that the surface effect induces an additional traction besides the external force applied by punch, which could help to smoothen the stress and displacement distributions. The normal surface-induced traction related to the residual surface stress is opposite to the externally applied compression, which results in a material stiffening in the contact zone so that the contact radius, normal displacement, and normal stress decrease compared with their classical counterparts. The tangential surface-induced traction is also opposite to the externally applied frictional stress, consequently leading to reductions of the shear stress and tangential displacement induced by friction in the contact zone. More interestingly, the surface effect leads to three possible states in the contact zone, including complete slip, partial slip, and complete stick, instead of the solely partial slip state in classical fretting contact models without surface effect. Among them, the complete stick due to the action of surface residual stress is more beneficial for inhibiting the wear of contact devices, which can be realized by reducing the indenter size. The present research does not only help one to better understand the physical mechanism in nano-scale fretting contact problems, but should also guide the anti-wear design in nano-electro-mechanical (NEMs) systems.
The General Gauss Principle of Least Constraint
Authors: Udwadia Firdaus E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper develops a general form of Gauss’s Principle of Least Constraint, which deals with the manner in which Nature appears to orchestrate the motion of constrained mechanical systems. The theory of constrained motion has been at the heart of classical mechanics since the days of Lagrange, and it is used in various areas of science and engineering like analytical dynamics, quantum mechanics, statistical physics, and nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The new principle permits the constraints on any mechanical system to be inconsistent and shows that Nature handles these inconsistent constraints in the least squares sense. This broadening of Gauss’s original principle leads to two forms of the General Gauss Principle obtained in this paper. They explain why the motion that Nature generates is robust with respect to inaccuracies with which constraints are often specified in modeling naturally occurring and engineered systems since their specification in dynamical systems are often only approximate, and many physical systems may not exactly satisfy them at every instant of time. An important byproduct of the new principle is a refinement of the notion of what constitutes a virtual displacement, a foundational concept in all classical mechanics.
Mediating role of psychological distress in the associations between medical errors, adverse events, suicidal ideation and plan among operating room nurses in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Meiqi , Wei Zhen , Wang Yifan , Sun Long 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesMedical errors (MEs) and adverse events (AEs) both had long-term impacts on healthcare professionals. Studies investigated the associations between MEs, AEs, psychological distress and suicidal behaviours among healthcare professionals. The aim of the current study was to explore the mediating role of psychological distress in the relationship between MEs/AEs and suicidal ideation/suicide plan among operating room nurses in China.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe survey was conducted between December 2021 and January 2022 in China.ParticipantsA total of 787 operating room nurses completed the questionnaires in China.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were MEs and AEs. Secondary outcome measures were psychological distress and suicidal behaviours.ResultsThe results showed that 22.1% of operating room nurses were involved in MEs, while 13.9% of operating room nurses were involved in AEs. The associations between suicidal ideation (OR=1.10, p<0.001), suicide plan (OR=1.07, p<0.01) and psychological distress were significant. The associations between suicidal ideation (OR=2.76, 95% CI=1.53 to 4.97, p<0.01), suicide plan (OR=2.80, 95% CI=1.20 to 6.56, p<0.05) and MEs were significant. The associations between suicidal ideation (OR=2.27, 95% CI=1.17 to 4.40, p<0.05), suicide plan (OR=2.92, 95% CI=1.19 to 7.18, p<0.05) and AEs were significant. The psychological distress mediated the relationship between MEs/AEs and suicidal ideation/suicide plan.ConclusionThere were positive associations between MEs, AEs and psychological distress. Moreover, MEs and AEs were also positively associated with suicidal ideation and suicide plan. As expected, psychological distress played an important role in the relationship between MEs/AEs and suicidal ideation/suicide plan.
Effect of bariatric surgery on NAFLD/NASH: a single-centre observational prospective cohort study
Authors: Theel Willy B , Boxma-de Klerk Bianca M , Dirksmeier-Harinck Femme , van Rossum Elisabeth FC , Kanhai Danny A , Apers Jan A , van Dalen Bas M , De Knegt Robert J , Neecke Bojou , van der Zwan Ellen M , Grobbee Diederick E , Hankemeier Thomas , Wiebolt Janneke , Castro Cabezas Manuel 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges from 25% in the general population to 90% in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery. NAFLD can progress towards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) associated with complications such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and cardiovascular disease. To date, losing weight and lifestyle modifications are the best known treatments for NASH. Bariatric surgery significantly improves NAFLD/NASH in the short term. However, the extent of this improvement is not yet clear and long-term data on the natural course of NAFLD/NASH after bariatric surgery are lacking. The factors involved in NAFLD/NASH regression after bariatric surgery have not been elucidated.Methods and analysisThis is an observational prospective cohort study including patients scheduled for bariatric surgery. Extensive metabolic and cardiovascular analyses will be carried out including measurements of carotid intima media thickness and pulse wave velocity. Genomic, proteomic, lipidomic and metabolomic studies will be done. Microbioma analyses before and 1 year after surgery will be done. Transient elastography measurements will be performed before and at 1, 3 and 5 years after surgery. For those with an elevated preoperative transient elastography measurement by Fibroscan, a laparoscopic liver biopsy will be performed during surgery. Primary outcome measures are the change of steatosis and liver fibrosis 5 years after surgery. Secondary outcome measure is the comparison of the transient elastography measurements with the NAFLD Activity Score from the biopsies.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committees United, Nieuwegein, on 1 March 2022 (registration code R21.103/NL79423.100.21). The study results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and data will be presented at scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT05499949.
Prognostic factors of mortality in patients with cancer infected with COVID-19: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Han Mi Ah , Hwang Eu Chang , Jung Jae Hung 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many cases of infection and deaths worldwide. Patients with cancer are a high-risk group for COVID-19-related death. However, a systematic summary of the prognostic factors related to mortality in these patients is limited. We systematically summarise the evidence on the prognostic factors of mortality in patients with pre-existing cancer, infected with COVID-19.Methods and analysisWe will address the prognostic factors for mortality, including cohort studies of adult patients with cancer infected with COVID-19. We will search MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Central Libraries for data from December 2019 to the present day. The prognostic factors for mortality include general, cancer-related and clinical characteristics. We will not limit the COVID-19 severity, cancer type and follow-up period of the included studies. Two reviewers will independently and in duplicate conduct reference screening, data abstraction and risk of bias assessment. We will perform a random-effect meta-analysis to calculate the pooled relative effect estimates for each prognostic factor of mortality. We will assess the risk of bias for each included study and rate the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. This study will provide information about high-risk groups for mortality in patients with cancer infected with COVID-19.Ethics and disseminationThis study will use only the published references and would not need to obtain ethical approval. We will disseminate our study findings through a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023390905.
Inhibition of lactate transport by MCT-1 blockade improves chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy against B-cell malignancies
Authors: Lopez Ernesto , Karattil Rajesh , Nannini Francesco , Weng-Kit Cheung Gordon , Denzler Lilian , Galvez-Cancino Felipe , Quezada Sergio , Pule Martin A 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown remarkable results against B-cell malignancies, but only a minority of patients have long-term remission. The metabolic requirements of both tumor cells and activated T cells result in production of lactate. The export of lactate is facilitated by expression of monocarboxylate transporter (MCTs). CAR T cells express high levels of MCT-1 and MCT-4 on activation, while certain tumors predominantly express MCT-1.MethodsHere, we studied the combination of CD19-specific CAR T-cell therapy with pharmacological blockade of MCT-1 against B-cell lymphoma.ResultsMCT-1 inhibition with small molecules AZD3965 or AR-C155858 induced CAR T-cell metabolic rewiring but their effector function and phenotype remained unchanged, suggesting CAR T cells are insensitive to MCT-1 inhibition. Moreover, improved cytotoxicity in vitro and antitumoral control on mouse models was found with the combination of CAR T cells and MCT-1 blockade.ConclusionThis work highlights the potential of selective targeting of lactate metabolism via MCT-1 in combination with CAR T cells therapies against B-cell malignancies.
AGATA: nuclear structure advancements with fusion-evaporation reactions
Authors: de Angelis G. , Benzoni G. , Cederwall B. , Korichi A. , Leoni S. , López-Martens A. , Nyberg J. , Paul E. S. , Valiente-Dobòn J. J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNuclear-structure studies using fusion reactions are reviewed in terms of prospects for advancement using the next generation of $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray tracking arrays such as AGATA. Properties discussed include those of light $$N=Z$$

N
=
Z

nuclei and rotational behaviour in heavy nuclei at high values of angular momentum and internal excitation energy.
The provenance and tectonic history of Dashwoods and the associated Baie Verte Margin during the Ordovician to Silurian
Authors: Zagorevski Alex , van Staal Cees Roelof , Joyce Nancy L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Dashwoods is a composite peri-Laurentian terrane in Newfoundland and forms the basement to the Early Ordovician to Silurian Notre Dame arc. The southern part of Dashwoods is characterized by paragneiss that is intruded by Early Ordovician to Late Silurian plutons and affected by polyphase Taconic to Salinic deformation and high-grade metamorphism. The crystalline basement of Dashwoods is not exposed and pre-Middle Ordovician paragneiss is investigated herein to constrain the provenance of Dashwoods. SHRIMP U–Pb zircon analysis of the paragneiss yielded metamorphic rims ranging from
c.
500 to 395 Ma and abundant detrital grain cores ranging from
c.
1853 to 546 Ma. The presence of abundant Tonian dates differentiates Dashwoods from the adjacent Humber Margin in Newfoundland, and Hebridean and Grampian terranes in the British Isles. The detrital provenance of Dashwoods is most similar to the Baie Verte Margin in Newfoundland, and Tyrone Complex and Dalradian Supergroup in Ireland. These data suggest that Dashwoods and the Baie Verte Margin originated near the Rockall promontory and were subsequently emplaced outboard of the Humber Margin by Ordovician to Carboniferous motion along the Baie Verte–Brompton Line.