bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface‐Stabilized CsPbI3 Nanocrystals with Tailored Organic Polymer Ligand Binding
Authors: Liu Xiao , Lv Jing , Yao Shunwei , Wang Yanan , Peng Lin , Chen Jing , Liu Xiaolin , Lin Jia , Chen Xianfeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPerovskite nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit attractive photophysical properties by combining the excellent optoelectronic properties of bulk perovskites with the strong quantum confinement effect at the nanoscale. However, CsPbI3 NCs easily transform into a non‐perovskite phase because of the ionic lattice and dynamic ligand binding. Herein, stable black‐phase CsPbI3 NCs capped with a new organic ligand, HO‐PS‐N3 (HOPS), which consists of a polystyrene segment with hydroxyl and azide end groups, are reported. This organic polymer ligand passivated the surface defects and enhanced the stability of CsPbI3 NCs by exposing the linking hydrophobic polystyrene segment. Consequently, the optimized CsPbI3 NCs exhibit significantly improved resistance to moisture or light and maintained 70 % of the original luminous intensity after immersion in water for two months. The theoretical results revealed that the binding energy of the HOPS ligand on the surface of the CsPbI3 NCs is higher than that of the commonly used oleic acid, alleviating the defects‐induced degradation during purification. Thus, surface‐stabilized CsPbI3 NCs are beneficial for a broad range of optoelectronic applications.
Prognosis and subtype analysis of left ventricular noncompaction in adults: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Feng Yunfei , Ning Lili , Zhang Jing , Wang Huaigen , Zhang Hanzhao , Zhang Ruochen , Deng Zhengrong , Ni Yajuan , Ye Yulan , Ma Aiqun , Zhang Yun , Wang Tingzhong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a heterogeneous myocardial disorder with an uncertain prognosis. There was a lack of studies on LVNC subtypes at present. This study sought to identify the prognosis of the overall population of LVNC and to describe the distribution of different subtypes and compare their prognosis.HypothesisPatients with different subtypes of LVNC may have different prognoses.MethodsPatients who fulfilled the Jenni criteria and/or Petersen criteria were included. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as a combination of heart failure (HF) hospitalization and all‐cause mortality.ResultsA total of 200 patients from four hospitals were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 48.2 years, and 61.5% of the patients were male. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% was present in 54% of the patients. Over a mean retrospective time period of 22.2 months, 47 (23.5%) patients experienced MACE. Age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.06; p = .004), LVEF < 50% (HR 2.32; 95% CI 1.09–4.91; p = .028) and ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (HR 2.17; 95% CI 1.08–4.37; p = .03) were significantly associated with the risk of MACE. The most common subtype was dilated LVNC (51.3%), followed by benign LVNC (21.3%) and LVNC with arrhythmias (10.5%). Patients with dilated LVNC had significantly increased cumulative incidence of MACE, HF hospitalization, and all‐cause mortality (p < .05).ConclusionsAge, LVEF < 50%, and ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation were independent risk factors for prognosis of LVNC. The most common subtype was dilated LVNC, which had a worse prognosis.
Evaluation of advanced, pathophysiologic new targets for imaging of CNS
Authors: Singh Priya , Singh Deepika , Srivastava Pooja , Mishra Gauri , Tiwari Anjani K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe inadequate information about the in vivo pathological, physiological, and neurological impairments, as well as the absence of in vivo tools for assessing brain penetrance and the efficiency of newly designed drugs, has hampered the development of new techniques for the treatment for variety of new central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The searching sites such as Science Direct and PubMed were used to find out the numerous distinct tracers across 16 CNS targets including tau, synaptic vesicle glycoprotein, the adenosine 2A receptor, the phosphodiesterase enzyme PDE10A, and the purinoceptor, among others. Among the most encouraging are [18F]FIMX for mGluR imaging, [11C]Martinostat for Histone deacetylase, [18F]MNI‐444 for adenosine 2A imaging, [11C]ER176 for translocator protein, and [18F]MK‐6240 for tau imaging. We also reviewed the findings for each tracer's features and potential for application in CNS pathophysiology and therapeutic evaluation investigations, including target specificity, binding efficacy, and pharmacokinetic factors. This review aims to present a current evaluation of modern positron e40ers for CNS targets, with a focus on recent advances for targets that have newly emerged for imaging in humans.
Comorbid eating, depressive, and anxiety psychopathology is associated with elevated shame in women with food insecurity
Authors: Davis Heather A. , Kells Meredith , Todorov Sophia , Kosmas Jacqueline , Wildes Jennifer E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare participants with current food insecurity and different psychopathology profiles on shame, guilt, anxiety, and depression using a cross‐sectional design.MethodWomen with current food insecurity (n = 99; 54% White) were placed into four groups based on their endorsement of symptoms of psychopathology: eating disorder with depression/anxiety comorbidity (ED‐C group; n = 17), depression/anxiety only (Depression/anxiety group; n = 34), eating disorder only (ED group; n = 12), and No‐diagnosis group (n = 36). Groups were compared on self‐report measures of shame, guilt, depression, and anxiety using analysis of covariance.ResultsThe presence of an eating disorder was associated with quadruple the risk of screening positive for comorbid depression and anxiety. The ED‐C group reported elevated shame relative to the ED and No‐diagnosis groups. The ED‐C group reported the highest levels of anxiety, followed by the Depression/anxiety group, and the ED and No‐diagnosis groups.DiscussionThe presence of an eating disorder with comorbidity among women with food insecurity is associated with heightened shame. Given shame's status as a transdiagnostic predictor of psychopathology, it may serve as a putative mechanism underlying the relationship between food insecurity and eating disorder comorbidity.Public Significance StatementWomen with food insecurity and an ED were more likely to also screen positive for depression and/or anxiety than women with food insecurity and no ED. Overlap between ED, depression, and anxiety was associated with elevated shame, a harmful, maladaptive emotion with negative psychosocial consequences.
Iodine: Physiological importance and food sources
Authors: Nedić Olgica 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIodine is essential for humans who can ingest or inhale different forms of this microelement. Its primary role is to be a constituent of thyroid hormones that control basal metabolism, growth, and development. Iodine deficiency causes major health problems and still persists in the population. During pregnancy, it may endanger neurodevelopment and even the life of the fetus. The objective of this article is to review the physiological importance of iodine, the consequences of iodine deficiency, methods to determine iodine status, recommendations for satisfactory iodine intake and risk limits, data on iodine concentrations in most common foods, as well as procedures that can increase iodine content in food. Iodization of kitchen salt is a method used for almost a century, but newer techniques for the production of iodine‐fortified foods have emerged offering additional means to deal with insufficient iodine intake. Biotechnology solutions for food fortification, which include iodine addition during and after plant/animal growth, are reviewed as well. Although the general health situation regarding iodine status has improved over years, iodine deficiency has not been eradicated. Further efforts to create safe and more efficient fortification procedures, focused follow‐up programs and healthy nutritional habits are still needed.
Innate immune inflammatory cell death: PANoptosis and PANoptosomes in host defense and disease
Authors: Chen Wen , Gullett Jessica M. , Tweedell Rebecca E. , Kanneganti Thirumala‐Devi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRegulated cell death (RCD) triggered by innate immune activation is an important strategy for host survival during pathogen invasion and perturbations of cellular homeostasis. There are two main categories of RCD, including nonlytic and lytic pathways. Apoptosis is the most well‐characterized nonlytic RCD, and the inflammatory pyroptosis and necroptosis pathways are among the best known lytic forms. While these were historically viewed as independent RCD pathways, extensive evidence of cross‐talk among their molecular components created a knowledge gap in our mechanistic understanding of RCD and innate immune pathway components, which led to the identification of PANoptosis. PANoptosis is a unique innate immune inflammatory RCD pathway that is regulated by PANoptosome complexes upon sensing pathogens, pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or the cytokines produced downstream. Cytosolic innate immune sensors and regulators, such as ZBP1, AIM2 and RIPK1, promote the assembly of PANoptosomes to drive PANoptosis. In this review, we discuss the molecular components of the known PANoptosomes and highlight the mechanisms of PANoptosome assembly, activation and regulation identified to date. We also discuss how PANoptosomes and mutations in PANoptosome components are linked to diseases. Given the impact of RCD, and PANoptosis specifically, across the disease spectrum, improved understanding of PANoptosomes and their regulation will be critical for identifying new therapeutic targets and strategies.
Halogen Dance on 2‐Iodobenzofuran and 2‐Iodobenzothiophene and Related Reactions
Authors: Elmir Loubna , Bentabed‐Ababsa Ghenia , Erb William , Roisnel Thierry , Mongin Florence 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhen 2‐iodobenzofuran was treated sequentially with lithium 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidide in tetrahydrofuran at −50 °C and an aldehyde, the 2‐substituted 3‐iodobenzofuran resulting from the halogen dance was the only isolated product. However, from 2‐iodobenzothiophene, these conditions led to mixtures in which the 2‐substituted 3‐iodobenzothiophene was always accompanied by the 2‐substituted benzothiophene. The use of 2‐bromobenzothiophene as a catalyst made it possible to significantly reduce this competitive dehalogenation. To confirm the halogen dance reaction, the products were unambiguously synthesized by using direct halogenations and deprotolithiation‐trapping sequences as key steps. Our efforts to access 2,7‐disubstituted and 7‐substituted derivatives of benzofuran and benzothiophene have also been reported.
PRRT2‐positive self‐limited infantile epilepsy: Initial seizure characteristics and response to sodium channel blockers
Authors: Lee Jiwon , Kim Young Ok , Lim Byung Chan , Lee Jeehun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveSelf‐limited infantile epilepsy (SeLIE) has distinctive clinical features, and the PRRT2 gene is known to be a considerable genetic cause. There have been a few studies on PRRT2‐positive SeLIE only, and anti‐seizure medications are often required due to frequent seizures at initial seizure onset. This study aimed to provide clinical information for the early recognition of patients with PRRT2‐positive SeLIE and to propose effective anti‐seizure medications for seizure control.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 36 patients diagnosed with SeLIE with genetically confirmed pathogenic variants of PRRT2. In addition, six atypical cases with neonatal‐onset seizures and unremitting after 3 years of age were included to understand the expanded clinical spectrum of PRRT2‐related epilepsy. We analyzed the initial presentation, clinical course, and seizure control response to anti‐seizure medications.ResultsPatients with PRRT2‐related epilepsy had characteristic seizure semiology at the initial presentation, including all afebrile, clustered (n = 23, 63.9%), short‐duration (n = 33, 91.7%), and bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (n = 26, 72.2%). Genetic analysis revealed that c. 649dupC was the most common variant, and six patients had a 16p11.2 microdeletion containing the PRRT2 gene. One‐third of the patients were sporadic cases without a family history of epilepsy or paroxysmal movement disorders. In the 33 patients treated with anti‐seizure medications, sodium channel blockers, such as carbamazepine, were the most effective in seizure control.SignificanceOur results delineated the clinical characteristics of PRRT2‐positive SeLIE, differentiating it from other genetic infantile epilepsies and discovered the effective anti‐seizure medications for initial clustered seizure control. If afebrile bilateral tonic–clonic seizures develop in a normally developed infant as a clustered pattern, PRRT2‐positive SeLIE should be considered as a possible diagnosis, and sodium channel blockers should be administered as the first medication for seizure control.
Fluorinated or brominated meta‐diamides as the new scaffolds for the treatment of rice bacterial leaf blight
Authors: Guo Shengxin , He Feng , Zhang Wei , Wang Ya , Yu Lijiao , Wu Jian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRice is the main calorie source and stable food for half of the global population worldwide, while the rice bacterial leaf blight has been one of the main challenges to rice yields and quality. Herein, we revealed the novel scaffolds, fluorinated or brominated meta‐diamides (F1–F44), for treating the rice bacterial leaf bright for the first time. The major findings are as follows: (i) based on the different methods, fluorinated meta‐diamides and brominated meta‐diamides were obtained, respectively, and the latter has rarely been reported; (ii) fluorinated meta‐diamide F17 showed a protection activity of 51.3% and a curative activity of 48.7% against the rice bacterial leaf blight caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), which were better than those of used bactericides. Scanning electron microscopy suggested that F17 may deform and rupture Xoo; and (iii) the majority of brominated meta‐diamides were more active than corresponding fluorinated meta‐diamides, which revealed the antibacterial activity of brominated meta‐diamides for the first time. The present work is expected to provide new ideas for meta‐diamides for treating rice bacterial leaf blight.
Parallel simulations for fast‐moving landslides: Space‐time mesh adaptation and sharp tracking of the wetting front
Authors: Gatti Federico , Fois Marco , de Falco Carlo , Perotto Simona , Formaggia Luca 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe propose a highly scalable solver for a two‐dimensional depth‐integrated fluid dynamic model in order to simulate flow‐like landslides, such as debris or mud flows. The governing equations are discretized on quadtree meshes by means of a two‐step second‐order Taylor–Galerkin scheme, enriched by a suitable flux correction in order to avoid spurious oscillations, in particular near discontinuities and close to the wetting‐drying interface. A mesh adaptation procedure based on a gradient‐recovery a posteriori error estimator allows us to efficiently deal with a discretization of the domain customized to the phenomenon under investigation. Moreover, we resort to an adaptive scheme also in time to prevent filtering out the landslide dynamics, and to an interface tracking algorithm to avoid an excessive refinement in noninterfacial regions while preserving details along the wetting‐drying front. Finally, after verifying the performance of the proposed numerical method on idealized settings, we carry out a scalability analysis of the code both on idealized and real scenarios, to check the efficiency of the overall implementation.
A model for transforming egocentric views into goal‐directed behavior
Authors: LaChance Patrick A. , Taube Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeurons in the rat postrhinal cortex (POR) respond to the egocentric (observer‐centered) bearing and distance of the boundaries, or geometric center, of an enclosed space. Understanding of the precise geometric and sensory properties of the environment that generate these signals is limited. Here we model how this signal may relate to visual perception of motion parallax along environmental boundaries. A behavioral extension of this tuning is the known ‘centering response’, in which animals follow a spatial gradient function based on boundary parallax to guide behavior toward the center of a corridor or enclosure. Adding an allocentric head direction signal to this representation can translate the gradient across two‐dimensional space and provide a new gradient for directing behavior to any location. We propose a model for how this signal may support goal‐directed navigation via projections to the dorsomedial striatum. The result is a straightforward code for navigational variables derived from visual geometric properties of the surrounding environment, which may be used to map space and transform incoming sensory information into an appropriate motor output.
Identification of target proteins for breast cancer genetic risk loci and blood risk biomarkers in a large study by integrating genomic and proteomic data
Authors: Jia Guochong , Yang Yaohua , Ping Jie , Xu Shuai , Liu Lili , Guo Xingyi , Tao Ran , Long Jirong , Zheng Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified around 200 loci associated with breast cancer risk. However, protein targets for these loci remain largely unknown. Identifying protein targets and biomarkers can improve the understanding of cancer biology and etiology and identify high‐risk individuals for cancer prevention. In this study, we investigated genetically predicted levels of 1142 circulating proteins with breast cancer risk in 133 384 cases and 113 789 controls of European ancestry included in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). We identified 22 blood protein biomarkers associated with the risk of overall breast cancer at a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05, including nine proteins encoded by genes located at least 500 kb away from previously reported risk variants for breast cancer. Analyses focusing on 124 encoding genes located at GWAS‐identified breast cancer risk loci found 20 proteins associated with overall breast cancer risk and one protein associated with triple‐negative breast cancer risk at FDR <0.05. Adjustment for the GWAS‐identified risk variants significantly attenuated the association for 13 of these proteins, suggesting that these proteins may be the targets of these GWAS‐identified risk loci. The identified proteins are involved in various biological processes, including glutathione conjugation, STAT5 signaling and NF‐κB signaling pathways. Our study identified novel protein targets and risk biomarkers for breast cancer risk.
Diepoxybutane induces the p53‐dependent transactivation of the CCL4 gene that mediates apoptosis in exposed human lymphoblasts
Authors: Ewunkem Akamu J. , Deve Maya , Harrison Scott H. , Muganda Perpetua M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDiepoxybutane (DEB) is the most toxic metabolite of the environmental chemical 1,3‐butadiene. We previously demonstrated the occurrence of DEB‐induced p53‐mediated apoptosis in human lymphoblasts. The p53 protein functions as a master transcriptional regulator in orchestrating the genomic response to a variety of stress signals. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that C‐C chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4) gene expression was elevated in a p53‐dependent manner in DEB‐exposed p53‐proficient TK6 cells, but not in DEB‐exposed p53‐deficient NH32 cells. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether the CCL4 gene is a transcriptional target of p53 and deduce its role in DEB‐induced apoptosis in human lymphoblasts. Endogenous and exogenous wild‐type p53 transactivated the activity of the CCL4 promoter in DEB‐exposed lymphoblasts, but mutant p53 activity on this promoter was reduced by ∼80% under the same experimental conditions. Knockdown of the upregulated CCL4 mRNA levels in p53‐proficient TK6 cells inhibited DEB‐induced apoptosis by ∼45%–50%. Collectively, these observations demonstrate for the first time that the CCL4 gene is upregulated by wild‐type p53 at the transcriptional level, and this upregulation mediates apoptosis in DEB‐exposed human lymphoblasts.
Mechanistic insights into the role of vitamin D and computational identification of potential lead compounds for Parkinson's disease
Authors: John Marshal Jayaraj , Kuriakose Beena Briget , Alhazmi Amani Hamed , Muthusamy Karthikeyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder that affects dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. A recent study suggests that Orphan Nuclear Receptor 1 (NURR1) impairment may contribute to PD pathogenesis. Our study found three potent agonists for NURR1 protein based on structural and ligand‐based screening methods. The pharmacophore is comprised of a hydrogen bond donor, a hydrophobic group, and two aromatic rings (DHRR). The Pharmacophore screening method screened 3142 compounds, of which 3 were screened using structure‐based screening. An analysis of the molecules using Molecular Mechanics‐Generalized Born Surface Area (binding free energy) revealed a range of −46.77 to −59.06 Kcal/mol. After that, chemical reactivity was investigated by density functional theory, and molecular dynamics simulation was performed (protein‐ligand stability). Based on the computational studies, Lifechemical_16901310, Maybridge_2815310, and NPACT_392450 are promising agonists with respect to NURR1. To confirm the potency of the identified compounds, further validation and experiments must be conducted.
ADSCs‐exo attenuates hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury after hepatectomy by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation
Authors: Zhang Qianzhen , Piao Chenxi , Xu Jiayuan , Wang Yue , Liu Tao , Ma Haiyang , Wang Hongbin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHepatic ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury commonly occurs during liver surgery. Exosomes from adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs‐exo) induce a hepatoprotective effect during hepatic I/R injury. This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism by which ADSCs‐exo attenuates hepatic I/R injury in rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, I30R + PH, ADSCs, and ADSCs‐exo groups. Liver tissues were collected immediately after 24 h of reperfusion for further analyses. The content of inflammatory factors in liver tissue was detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The pathological changes in liver tissue were analyzed using HE staining. Transmission electron microscopy was used to visualize the ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)‐related genes and proteins. Liver histomorphology and hepatocyte ultrastructure changes improved after ADSCs‐exo treatment. Moreover, ADSCs‐exo treatment significantly downregulated tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and IL‐6 levels while upregulating IL‐10 levels. Western blot analysis suggested that the protein expressions of GRP78, p‐PERK, p‐eIF2α, p‐IRE1α, XBP1s, ATF‐6, ATF‐4, CHOP, p‐JNK, cleaved‐Caspase‐3, cleaved Caspase‐9, and cleaved Caspase‐12 significantly decreased after ADSCs‐exo treatment. RT‐qPCR results demonstrated that mRNA expression of GRP78, IRE1α, XBP1, ATF‐6, ATF‐4, CHOP, JNK, Caspase‐3, Caspase‐9, and Caspase‐12 markedly reduced after ADSCs‐exo treatment. In conclusion, ADSCs‐exo protects against hepatic I/R injury after hepatectomy by inhibiting ERS and inflammation. Therefore, ADSCs‐exo can be considered as a viable option for the treatment of hepatic I/R injury.