bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the 7R allele at the DRD4 locus on risk tolerance is independent of background risk in Senegalese fishermen
Authors: Clochard Gwen-Jirō , Mbengue Aby , Mettling Clément , Diouf Birane , Faurie Charlotte , Sene Omar , Chancerel Emilie , Guichoux Erwan , Hollard Guillaume , Raymond Michel , Willinger Marc 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt has been shown that living in risky environments, as well as having a risky occupation, can moderate risk-tolerance. Despite the involvement of dopamine in the expectation of reward described by neurobiologists, a GWAS study was not able to demonstrate a genetic contribution of genes involved in the dopaminergic pathway in risk attitudes and gene candidate studies gave contrasting results. We test the possibility that a genetic effect of the DRD4-7R allele in risk-taking behavior could be modulated by environmental factors. We show that the increase in risk-tolerance due to the 7R allele is independent of the environmental risk in two populations in Northern Senegal, one of which is exposed to a very high risk due to dangerous fishing.
In silico and in vitro studies confirm Ondansetron as a novel acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor
Authors: Gholami Asma , Minai-Tehrani Dariush , Eriksson Leif A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is growing rapidly among the elderly population around the world. Studies show that a lack of acetylcholine and butyrylcholine due to the overexpression of enzymes Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) may lead to reduced communication between neuron cells. As a result, seeking novel inhibitors targeting these enzymes might be vital for the future treatment of AD. Ondansetron is used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy or radiation treatments and is herein shown to be a potent inhibitor of cholinesterase. Comparison is made between Ondansetron and FDA-approved cholinesterase inhibitors Rivastigmine and Tacrine. Molecular docking demonstrates that interactions between the studied ligand and aromatic residues in the peripheral region of the active site are important in binding. Molecular dynamics simulations and binding pose metadynamics show that Ondansetron is highly potent against both enzymes and far better than Rivastigmine. Inhibitor activities evaluated by in vitro studies confirm that the drug inhibits AChE and BChE by non-competitive and mixed inhibition, respectively, with IC50 values 33 µM (AChE) and 2.5 µM (BChE). Based on the findings, we propose that Ondansetron may have therapeutic applications in inhibiting cholinesterase, especially for BChE.
Clinical characteristics of Campylobacter bacteremia: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Otsuka Yuki , Hagiya Hideharu , Takahashi Misa , Fukushima Shinnosuke , Maeda Ruri , Sunada Naruhiko , Yamada Haruto , Kishida Masayuki , Fujita Koji , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCampylobacter species are the pathogens of the intestinal tract, which infrequently cause bacteremia. To reveal the clinical characteristics of Campylobacter bacteremia, we performed a retrospective, multicenter study. Patients diagnosed with Campylobacter bacteremia in three general hospitals in western Japan between 2011 and 2021 were included in the study. Clinical, microbiological, and prognostic data of the patients were obtained from medical records. We stratified the cases into the gastroenteritis (GE) and fever predominant (FP) types by focusing on the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Thirty-nine patients (24 men and 15 women) were included, with a median age of 57 years and bimodal distribution between those in their 20 s and the elderly. The proportion of GE and FP types were 21 (53.8%) and 18 (46.2%), respectively. Comparing these two groups, there was no significant difference in patient backgrounds in terms of sex, age, and underlying diseases. Campylobacter jejuni was exclusively identified in the GE type (19 cases, 90.5%), although other species such as Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter coli were isolated in the FP type as well. Patients with the FP type underwent intravenous antibiotic therapy more frequently (47.6% vs. 88.9%), and their treatment (median: 5 days vs. 13 days) and hospitalization (median: 7 days vs. 21 days) periods were significantly longer. None of the patients died during the hospitalization. In summary, we found that nearly half of the patients with Campylobacter bacteremia presented with fever as a predominant manifestation without gastroenteritis symptoms.
Identification of diagnostic biomarkers for idiopathic pulmonary hypertension with metabolic syndrome by bioinformatics and machine learning
Authors: Lu Wenzhang , Huang Jinbo , Shen Qin , Sun Fei , Li Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) is a condition that affects various tissues and organs and the metabolic and inflammatory systems. The most prevalent metabolic condition is metabolic syndrome (MS), which involves insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity. There may be a connection between IPAH and MS, based on a plethora of studies, although the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Through various bioinformatics analyses and machine learning algorithms, we identified 11 immune- and metabolism-related potential diagnostic genes (EVI5L, RNASE2, PARP10, TMEM131, TNFRSF1B, BSDC1, ACOT2, SAC3D1, SLA2, P4HB, and PHF1) for the diagnosis of IPAH and MS, and we herein supply a nomogram for the diagnosis of IPAH in MS patients. Additionally, we discovered IPAH's aberrant immune cells and discuss them here.
Developing a carpet cloak operating for a wide range of incident angles using a deep neural network and PSO algorithm
Authors: Fallah Amirhossein , Kalhor Ahmad , Yousefi Leila 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDesigning invisibility cloaks has always been one of the most fascinating fields of research; in this regard, metasurface-based carpet cloaks have drawn researchers' attention due to their inherent tenuousness, resulting in a lower loss and easier fabrication. However, their performances are dependent on the incident angle of the coming wave; as a result, designing a carpet cloak capable of rendering objects under it invisible for a wide range of angles requires advanced methods. In this paper, using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, along with a trained neural network, a metasurface-based carpet cloak is developed capable to operate for a wide range of incident angles. The deep neural network is trained and used in order to accelerate the process of calculation of reflection phases provided by different unit cell designs. The resultant carpet cloak is numerically analyzed, and its response is presented and discussed. Both near-field and far-field results show that the designed carpet cloak operates very well for all incident angles in the range of 0 to 65 degrees.
Effects of nitrate and ammonium on assimilation of nitric oxide by Heterosigma akashiwo
Authors: Healey Emily M. , Flood Stacie , Bock Patience K. , Fulweiler Robinson W. , York Joanna K. , Coyne Kathryn J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe harmful algaHeterosigma akashiwopossesses a hybrid nitrate reductase (NR) enzyme, NR2-2/2HbN, which has the potential to convert NO to nitrate for assimilation into biomass. In previous research,NRtranscription inH. akashiwowas induced by nitrate while NR activity was inhibited by ammonium. Here, the capacity ofH. akashiwoto use NO in the presence of nitrate and/or ammonium was investigated to understand the regulation of NO assimilation. Continuous cultures ofH. akashiwowere acclimated to growth on nitrate, ammonium, or a mixture of both. Aliquots from these cultures were spiked with15N-labeled NO. The expression of genes involved in nitrogen assimilation was evaluated, as well as nitrate reductase activity and assimilation of15N-labeled nitrogen into algal biomass. Results showed that NO induced expression and activity of NR, and upregulated expression ofGOGATregardless of the presence of other inorganic nitrogen sources, whileGSexpression decreased over time. Furthermore,15NO uptake and assimilation was significantly higher in cultures acclimated for growth on ammonium compared to cultures acclimated for growth on nitrate alone. Assimilation of NO may provideH. akashiwowith a competitive advantage in N-poor environments or areas with elevated NO.
Song preferences predict the quality of vocal learning in zebra finches
Authors: Rodríguez-Saltos Carlos Antonio , Bhise Aditya , Karur Prasanna , Khan Ramsha Nabihah , Lee Sumin , Ramsay Gordon , Maney Donna L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn songbirds, learning to sing is a highly social process that likely involves social reward. Here, we tested the hypothesis that during song learning, the reward value of hearing a particular song predicts the degree to which that song will ultimately be learned. We measured the early song preferences of young male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) in an operant key-pressing assay; each of two keys was associated with a higher likelihood of playing the song of the father or that of another familiar adult (“neighbor”). To minimize the effects of exposure on learning, we implemented a novel reinforcement schedule that allowed us to detect preferences while balancing exposure to each song. On average, the juveniles significantly preferred the father’s song early during song learning, before actual singing occurs in this species. When they reached adulthood, all the birds copied the father’s song. The accuracy with which the father’s song was imitated was positively correlated with the peak strength of the preference for the father’s song during the sensitive period of song learning. Our results show that preference for the song of a chosen tutor, in this case the father, predicted vocal learning during development.
Joint distribution properties of fully conditional specification under the normal linear model with normal inverse-gamma priors
Authors: Cai Mingyang , van Buuren Stef , Vink Gerko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFully conditional specification (FCS) is a convenient and flexible multiple imputation approach. It specifies a sequence of simple regression models instead of a potential complex joint density for missing variables. However, FCS may not converge to a stationary distribution. Many authors have studied the convergence properties of FCS when priors of conditional models are non-informative. We extend to the case of informative priors. This paper evaluates the convergence properties of the normal linear model with normal-inverse gamma priors. The theoretical and simulation results prove the convergence of FCS and show the equivalence of prior specification under the joint model and a set of conditional models when the analysis model is a linear regression with normal inverse-gamma priors.
Closer view of antennal sensory organs of two Leptoglossus species (Insecta, Hemiptera, Coreidae)
Authors: Taszakowski Artur , Masłowski Adrian , Daane Kent M. , Brożek Jolanta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDetailed description of antennal sensory organs of Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) and a comparison with L. zonatus (Dallas, 1852) are presented. A novel approach that combines the advantages of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to detail micromorphological structures. A simplified classification system for sensilla that eliminates the subjective aspects of morphology, such as their shape, is proposed. Fourteen sensory organs have been classified into three main groups: (a) aporous sensilla with a flexible socket, (b) porous sensilla with a flexible socket and (c) porous sensilla with an inflexible socket. A large variety of sensory organs (nine types) with olfactory functions are described. The antennal sensory organs have been recognized as one of the factors responsible for the evolutionary success of Leptoglossus spp. and their status as important pests and invasive species.
Machine learning enabled subgroup analysis with real-world data to inform clinical trial eligibility criteria design
Authors: Xu Jie , Zhang Hao , Zhang Hansi , Bian Jiang , Wang Fei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOverly restrictive eligibility criteria for clinical trials may limit the generalizability of the trial results to their target real-world patient populations. We developed a novel machine learning approach using large collections of real-world data (RWD) to better inform clinical trial eligibility criteria design. We extracted patients’ clinical events from electronic health records (EHRs), which include demographics, diagnoses, and drugs, and assumed certain compositions of these clinical events within an individual’s EHRs can determine the subphenotypes—homogeneous clusters of patients, where patients within each subgroup share similar clinical characteristics. We introduced an outcome-guided probabilistic model to identify those subphenotypes, such that the patients within the same subgroup not only share similar clinical characteristics but also at similar risk levels of encountering severe adverse events (SAEs). We evaluated our algorithm on two previously conducted clinical trials with EHRs from the OneFlorida+ Clinical Research Consortium. Our model can clearly identify the patient subgroups who are more likely to suffer or not suffer from SAEs as subphenotypes in a transparent and interpretable way. Our approach identified a set of clinical topics and derived novel patient representations based on them. Each clinical topic represents a certain clinical event composition pattern learned from the patient EHRs. Tested on both trials, patient subgroup (#SAE=0) and patient subgroup (#SAE>0) can be well-separated by k-means clustering using the inferred topics. The inferred topics characterized as likely to align with the patient subgroup (#SAE>0) revealed meaningful combinations of clinical features and can provide data-driven recommendations for refining the exclusion criteria of clinical trials. The proposed supervised topic modeling approach can infer the clinical topics from the subphenotypes with or without SAEs. The potential rules for describing the patient subgroups with SAEs can be further derived to inform the design of clinical trial eligibility criteria.
Compound 48/80 increases murine bladder wall compliance independent of mast cells
Authors: Saxena Pragya , Broemer Eli , Herrera Gerald M. , Mingin Gerald C. , Roccabianca Sara , Tykocki Nathan R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA balance between stiffness and compliance is essential to normal bladder function, and changes in the mechanical properties of the bladder wall occur in many bladder pathologies. These changes are often associated with the release of basic secretagogues that in turn drive the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells. Mast cell degranulation by basic secretagogues is thought to occur by activating an orphan receptor, Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor B2 (Mrgprb2). We explored the effects of the putative mast cell degranulator and Mrgprb2 agonist Compound 48/80 on urinary bladder wall mechanical compliance, smooth muscle contractility, and urodynamics, and if these effects were mast cell dependent. In wild-type mice, Mrgprb2 receptor mRNA was expressed in both the urothelium and smooth muscle layers. Intravesical instillation of Compound 48/80 decreased intermicturition interval and void volume, indicative of bladder overactivity. Compound 48/80 also increased bladder compliance while simultaneously increasing the amplitude and leading slope of transient pressure events during ex vivo filling and these effects were inhibited by the Mrgprb2 antagonist QWF. Surprisingly, all effects of Compound 48/80 persisted in mast cell-deficient mice, suggesting these effects were independent of mast cells. These findings suggest that Compound 48/80 degrades extracellular matrix and increases urinary bladder smooth muscle excitability through activation of Mrgprb2 receptors located outside of mast cells. Thus, the pharmacology and physiology of Mrgprb2 in the urinary bladder is of potential interest and importance in terms of treating lower urinary tract dysfunction.
Hyaluronic acid and multiwalled carbon nanotubes as bioink additives for cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Szymański Tomasz , Semba Julia Anna , Mieloch Adam Aron , Cywoniuk Piotr , Kempa Marcelina , Rybka Jakub Dalibor 
Published: January 2023

AbstractArticular cartilage and meniscus injuries are prevalent disorders with insufficient regeneration responses offered by available treatment methods. In this regard, 3D bioprinting has emerged as one of the most promising new technologies, offering novel treatment options. Additionally, the latest achievements from the fields of biomaterials and tissue engineering research identified constituents facilitating the creation of biocompatible scaffolds. In this study, we looked closer at hyaluronic acid and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as bioink additives. Firstly, we assessed the minimal concentrations that stimulate cell viability, and decrease reactive oxygen species and apoptosis levels in 2D cell cultures of normal human knee articular chondrocytes (NHAC) and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC-AT). In this regard, 0.25 mg/ml of hyaluronic acid and 0.0625 mg/ml of carbon nanotubes were selected as the most optimal concentrations. In addition, we investigated the protective influence of 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid in samples with carbon nanotubes. Tests conducted on 3D bioprinted constructs revealed that only a combination of components positively impacted cell viability throughout the whole experiment. Gene expression analysis of COL1A1, COL6A1, HIF1A, COMP, RUNX2, and POU5F1 showed significant changes in the expression of all analyzed genes with a progressive overall loss of transcriptional activity in most of them.
Unaltered fungal community after fire prevention treatments over widespread Mediterranean rockroses (Halimium lasianthum)
Authors: Martín-Pinto Pablo , Fernández Cristina , Santos María , Fontúrbel Teresa , Oria-de-Rueda Juan Andrés , Vázquez-Veloso Aitor , Stadler Tim , Mediavilla Olaya , Sanz-Benito Ignacio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMediterranean ecosystems are frequently invaded by pyrophytic scrubs such asHalimium lasianthumthat colonize areas traditionally used by livestock. A diverse fungal community is associated with this kind of vegetation, playing an important ecological role in these ecosystems. However, uncontrolled expansion of these shrubs considerably increases the risk of wildfires in these stands and, hence, fire-prevention treatments are needed. To investigate the long-term effects of two different forest-fire-prevention treatments on the soil fungal community, we analyzed these communities 9 years after prescribed burning or mechanical shredding were carried out in scrubland dominated byH. lasianthum. Neither of the fire-prevention treatments had a negative long-term effect on the abundance or richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, saprotrophs and lichenized fungi experienced negative effects. Soil fertility significantly affected the distribution of fungi according to their functional groups, and pH was the most influential variable in terms of the distribution of edible species. Our findings indicate that forest management practices to prevent forest fires does not negatively affect the fungal community in the long-term, but for lichens and decomposers. Moreover, prescribed burning is suggested as a more economical way of reducing the risk of wildfires without affecting the ecology of the fungal community.
Prognostic significance of tumor-associated macrophages polarization markers in lung cancer: a pooled analysis of 5105 patients
Authors: Yi Bin , Cheng Yuanda , Chang Ruimin , Zhou Wolong , Tang Huili , Gao Yang , Zhang Chunfang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The prognostic significance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in patients with lung cancer (LCa) remains controversial. We therefore conducted the present study to systematically evaluate the role of different TAMs markers and histologic locations on the prognosis of LCa.
Methods: Searches of Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE databases were performed up to 28 February 2022. The pooled analysis was conducted in random-effect or fixed-effects model with hazard risk (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for survival data including overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) from raw or adjusted measures, according to different TAMs markers and histologic locations.
Results: Including a total of 5105 patients from 30 eligible studies, the results indicated that the total count of CD68+ TAMs was negatively associated with OS and DFS, which was also observed in the relationship of CD68+ or CD204+ TAMs in tumor stroma (TS) with OS and DFS (all P&lt;0.05). Conversely, higher CD68+ TAMs density in tumor nest (TN) or TN/TS ratio of CD68+ TAMs predicted better OS (all P&lt;0.05). Similarly, higher HLA-DR+ TAMs density was correlated with better OS in TN and TS (all P&lt;0.05). Besides, neither nest CD163+ TAM density nor stromal CD163+ TAM density was a prognostic factor in LCa patients (all P&gt;0.05).
Conclusion: Our study indicated that different TAMs markers and histologic locations could bring about different prognostic effects in LCa patients. Great understanding of the infiltration modes of TAMs may contribute to improve outcomes of LCa patients.
Factors Affecting Nonnative Consonant Cluster Learning
Authors: Buchwald Adam , Cheng Hung-Shao 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
Nonnative consonant cluster learning has become a useful experimental approach for learning about speech motor learning, and we sought to enhance our understanding of this area and to establish best practices for this type of research.

Method:
One hundred twenty individuals completed a nonnative consonant cluster learning task within a speech motor learning paradigm. Following a brief prepractice, participants then practiced the production of eight word-initial nonnative consonant clusters embedded in bisyllabic nonwords (e.g., GD in /gdivu/). The clusters ranged in difficulty according to linguistic typology and sonority sequencing. Acquisition was operationalized as the change across the practice section and learning was assessed with two retention sessions (R1: 30 min after practice; R2: 2 days after practice). We evaluated changes in accuracy as well as in the acoustic details of the cluster production at each time point.

Results:
Overall, participants improved in their production of the consonant clusters. Accuracy increased, and duration measures decreased in specific measures associated with cluster production. The change in coordination measured in the acoustics changed both for clusters that were incorrectly produced and for those that were correctly produced, indicating continued motor learning even in accurate tokens.

Conclusions:
These results aid our understanding of the complexity of nonnative consonant cluster learning. In particular, both factors related to both phonological and speech motor control properties affect the learning of novel speech sequences.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21844185