bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Recognition Confidence of Millimeter‐Sized Intrahepatic Targets by Real‐Time Virtual Sonography
Authors: Takamoto Takeshi , Nara Satoshi , Ban Daisuke , Mizui Takahiro , Murase Yoshiki , Esaki Minoru , Shimada Kazuaki 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesReal‐time virtual sonography (RVS) is an artificial‐intelligence‐assisted ultrasonographic navigation system that displays synchronized preoperative computed tomography (CT) images corresponding to real‐time intraoperative ultrasonograms (IOUS). This study aimed to investigate whether RVS can enhance IOUS identification of small intrahepatic targets found in preoperative CT.MethodsPatients with small intrahepatic targets detected by preoperative thin‐slice dynamic CT before liver resection were included. The targets included millimeter‐sized liver tumors or a third‐order or more distal portal branch and were marked on CT images using 3D simulation software. After laparotomy, the targets were searched using fundamental IOUS, and participating liver surgeons subjectively scored the target identifying confidence on a scale of 1–5 (5 points for detection with the highest confidence and one point for undetectable). Then, the search procedure was repeated using the RVS, and the scores were compared.ResultsTotally, 55 patients with 117 small targets were investigated. The median target size was 6.0 mm, and the median registration time was 3.6 seconds. The target identification confidence score significantly increased from 2.78 to 4.52 points after using RVS. Seventeen targets (14.5%) were undetectable in fundamental IOUS, and 14 of them were identified by RVS. The detectability of small liver tumors (2–5 points of identification confidence) by IOUS was 81.1 and 96.7% by RVS.ConclusionRVS enhanced surgeons' confidence in identifying millimeter‐sized intrahepatic targets found in preoperative CT.
Improvement in quality of life comparing noninvasive versus invasive hearing rehabilitation in children
Authors: Urík Milan , Šikolová Soňa , Hošnová Dagmar , Kruntorád Vít , Bartoš Michal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe young population requires early rehabilitation of their hearing loss for normal cognitive, auditive hence social development. All of which, in turn, may have an impact on quality of life (QoL). This study aims to evaluate QoL between two different bone conduction (BC) hearing devices: a noninvasive adhesive hearing aid (Adhear [ADH]) vs. an active transcutaneous implant (Bonebridge [BB]).MethodsThis study composed of 12 BB and 15 ADH users. Pure tone as well as speech in noise and quiet measurements were evaluated and compared to the Assessment in QoL questionnaire (AQoL‐6d).ResultsFreefield results showed significant improvements for both devices compared to the unaided condition (p < .0001). Emphasis needs to be drawn on the different unaided level of conductive hearing loss as well as the indication range for both evaluated device groups: the ADH subjects exhibited a mean BC value of 9.50 ± 7.96 dB HL (the indication range up to 25 dB) and the BB subjects a mean of 23.33 ± 25.66 dB HL (the indication range up to 45 dB). Speech perception in quiet and in noise was significantly improved (p < .05; p < .001, respectively). QoL was significantly improved for both treatments (p < .05) but was not different among the devices, and the values were similar to their normal hearing, age, and sex‐matched control group. High correlations were found between QoL utility scores and improved PTA4 in the aided condition (r2 = .8839 and .7810 for BB and ADH, respectively).ConclusionOur results show that both devices offer significant beneficial audiological rehabilitations with significantly increased QoL. However, the underlying condition and the unaided degree of hearing loss, hence the required higher stimulation must be the deciding factor when opting for a hearing device, and this should be independent of age.Level of evidence2c.
Antarctic Krill Oil Exhibited Synergistic Effects with Nobiletin and Theanine on Regulating Ligand‐Specific Receptor‐Mediated Transcytosis in Blood–Brain Barrier by Inhibiting Alkaline Phosphatase in SAMP8 Mice
Authors: Wang Cheng‐Cheng , Kong Jing‐Ya , Xue Chang‐Hu , Zhang Tian‐Tian , Wang Yu‐Ming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBlood−brain barrier (BBB) impairment is related to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is dependent not only on tight junction but also on transcytosis of brain endothelial cells (BECs) in the BBB. Aging induces the decrease of ligand‐specific receptor‐mediated transcytosis (RMT) and the increase of non‐specific caveolar transcytosis in BECs, which lead to the entry into parenchyma of neurotoxic proteins and the smaller therapeutic index in central nervous system drug delivery, further provoking neurodegenerative disease. A previous study suggests that sea‐derived Antarctic krill oil (AKO) exhibits synergistic effects with land‐derived nobiletin (NOB) and theanine (THE) on ameliorating memory and cognitive deficiency in SAMP8 mice. However, it is still unclear whether BBB change is involved. Hence, the effects of AKO combined with NOB and THE on aging‐induced BBB impairment, including tight junction between BECs, ligand‐specific RMT, and non‐specific caveolar transcytosis in BECs, are investigated. The results suggest that AKO exhibits synergistic effects with NOB and THE on regulating ligand‐specific RMT in BBB by inhibiting alkaline phosphatase (ALPL). The study provides a potential strategy candidate or targeted dietary patterns to prevent and treat AD by improving the BBB function.
MsgeCNN: Multiscale geometric embedded convolutional neural network for ONFH segmentation and grading
Authors: Li Xiang , Lv Songcen , Tong Chuanxin , Qin Yong , Liang Chen , Ma Yingkai , Li Minglei , Luo Hao , Yin Shen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is increasing gradually, rapid and accurate grading of ONFH is critical. The existing Steinberg staging criteria grades ONFH according to the proportion of necrosis area to femoral head area.PurposeIn the clinical practice, the necrosis region and femoral head region are mainly estimated by the observation and experience of doctor. This paper proposes a two‐stage segmentation and grading framework, which can be used to segment the femoral head and necrosis, as well as to diagnosis.MethodsThe core of the proposed two‐stage framework is the multiscale geometric embedded convolutional neural network (MsgeCNN), which integrates geometric information into the training process and accurately segments the femoral head region. Then, the necrosis regions are segmented by the adaptive threshold method taking femoral head as the background. The area and proportion of the two are calculated to determine the grade.ResultsThe accuracy of the proposed MsgeCNN for femoral head segmentation is 97.73%, sensitivity is 91.17%, specificity is 99.40%, dice score is 93.34%. And the segmentation performance is better than the existing five segmentation algorithms. The diagnostic accuracy of the overall framework is 90.80%.ConclusionsThe proposed framework can accurately segment the femoral head region and the necrosis region. The area, proportion, and other pathological information of the framework output provide auxiliary strategies for subsequent clinical treatment.
Prevalence and reasons for self‐medication for prevention of COVID‐19 among the adult population in Kermanshah‐Iran
Authors: Janatolmakan Maryam , Naghipour Armin , Khatony Alireza 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo determine the prevalence of self‐medication and reasons for self‐medication (SM) for the prevention/treatment of COVID‐19 among the adult population.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThis study was performed on 147 adults in Kermanshah, Iran. Data were collected by a researcher‐made questionnaire and analysed by SPSS‐18 software using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsThe prevalence of SM in the participants was 69.4%. Vitamin D and vitamin B complex were the most commonly used drugs. The most common symptoms leading to SM were fatigue and rhinitis. Strengthening the immune system and prevention of COVID‐19 (48%) were the main reasons for SM. Factors related to SM included marital status [OR = 8.04, 95% CI = (3.62, 17.83)], education [OR = 0.16, 95%CI = (0.08, 0.35)] and monthly income [OR = 0.09, 95%CI = (0.03, 0.26)].Patient or Public ContributionYes
Nurses' self‐esteem, self‐compassion and psychological resilience during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Joy George Vellaramcheril , Alomari Albara Mohammad Ali , Singh Kalpana , Hassan Nesiya , Mannethodi Kamaruddeen , Kunjavara Jibin , Al Lenjawi Badriya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to identify self‐esteem, self‐compassion and psychological resilience among staff nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Qatar.DesignDescriptive cross‐sectional survey design.MethodsThe study was conducted on January 2022 (during the third wave in Qatar). Anonymous data were collected through an online survey using Microsoft forms from 300 nurses in 14 health facilities in Qatar. Socio‐demographic information, Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale, Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale and Self‐Compassion Scale‐Short Form were used to collect the data. Correlation, t‐test and ANOVA analyses were conducted.ResultsParticipants expressed a high level of resilience, self‐esteem and self‐compassion. Resilience scores were positively and significantly correlated with self‐esteem and self‐compassion. The education level of nurses was a statistically significant contributing factor to self‐esteem and resilience.
Hearing Outcomes in Failed Newborn Hearing Screening Infants With and Without Chronic Serous Otitis
Authors: Huang Emily Y. , Suarez Daniel , Holley Anna , Zhang Emily , McVicar Stephanie B. , Black Pamella , Sidesinger Max , Park Albert H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify outcomes in hearing loss (HL) diagnosis and intervention in infants with a failed newborn hearing screen (NBHS) and otitis media with effusion (OME) compared to those with failed NBHS and without OME.Study DesignRetrospective review.SettingTertiary medical center.MethodsA chart review was performed on infants referred to Primary Children's Hospital for failed NBHS from 2012 to 2018. Eighty infants with failed NBHS and OME and 55 with failed NBHS and no OME were included. Incidence of permanent HL along with the age of HL confirmation and early intervention (EI) enrollment were compared.ResultsThe incidence of OME in infants with failed NBHS was 59.3%. Fifty‐six percent of infants with OME and 12.5% of those without OME did not receive definitive hearing confirmation in either ear due to loss to follow‐up or insufficient audiometric assessment. Permanent HL was identified in 11.3% (n = 9) of infants with OME and in 20.0% (n = 11) of those without OME. Infants with OME were significantly older at the time of HL confirmation (4.2 ± 2.1 months) and EI enrollment (5.4 ± 2.5 months) compared to those without OME at the time of HL confirmation (1.0 ± 1.0 months; p < .001) and EI enrollment (2.6 ± 1.8 months; p = .04).ConclusionInfants with failed NBHS and OME are highly susceptible to a significant delay in HL confirmation or lack of confirmatory hearing tests. Timely OME resolution with earlier ventilation tube insertion by 3 months of age and follow‐up audiologic assessment is recommended.
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed the flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in Areca catechu
Authors: Yu Dong , Zhang Kelan , Wu Jiao , Li Xinyu , Zhou Guangzhen , Wan Yinglang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionFlavonoids are active substances in many herbal medicines, and Areca catechu fruit (AF), an important component in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is rich in flavonoids. Different parts of AF, Pericarpium Arecae (PA) and Semen Arecae (SA), have different medicinal effects in prescription of TCM.ObjectiveTo understand flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation in AF.MethodologyThe metabolomic based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and the transcriptome based on high‐throughput sequencing technology were combined to comprehensively analyse PA and SA.ResultsFrom the metabolite dataset, we found that 148 flavonoids showed significant differences between PA and SA. From the transcriptomic dataset, we identified 30 genes related to the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway which were differentially expressed genes in PA and SA. The genes encoding the key enzymes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase (AcCHS4/6/7 and AcCHI1/2/3), were significantly higher expressed in SA than in PA, reflecting the high flavonoid concentration in SA.ConclusionsTaken together, our research acquired the key genes, including AcCHS4/6/7 and AcCHI1/2/3, which regulated the accumulation of flavonol in AF. This new evidence may reveal different medicinal effects of PA and SA. This study lays a foundation for investigating the biosynthesis and regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in areca and provides the reference for the production and consumption of betel nut.
Mental time travel in psychiatric disorders
Authors: Wang Ya , Ye Jun‐yan , Lui Simon S. Y. , Chan Raymond C. K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMental time travel (MTT) refers to the ability to mentally re‐experience the past and pre‐experience the future. Here we briefly review impairments in MTT, its underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms, and ways to improve MTT in psychiatric patients. Future research directions on MTT are discussed.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cystic fibrosis in Palestine: Cross sectional study
Authors: Salah Samya , Rumman Nisreen , Nassar Amal , Khdour Maher , Hallak Hussein 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cystic fibrosis in Palestine by studying the quality of life (QoL) of participants.MethodThis cross‐sectional study involved the application of Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire‐Revised (CFQ‐R) to participants attending the pediatric pulmonology clinic at Caritas Baby Hospital between January and May 2017. Health status was assessed by measuring pulmonary function test (FEV1), body mass index (BMI), age of CF diagnosis, and presence of other affected siblings or deaths in the family.ResultsThere were 77 participants from 58 families: 46.8% (36/77) were males, and 53.3% (41/77) were females. The mean age was 10.7 years (range: 0.5–36 years). The participants were divided into three groups by age in years: group I ( < 6), II (6–13), and III (≥ 14). The highest and lowest CFQ scores were for the eating domain in group III (55.6 ± 22.5) and the body domain in group II (14.5 ± 17.7), respectively. Mean illness severity was 69.6% (range: 33%–111%). The mean BMI was 15.9 (range: 9.6–23.1). The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 4.2 years (± 6.3). The study showed that 1.7% of the families (1/58) had four affected siblings, and 21% (12/58) had death cases related to CF, of which 58.3% (7/12) were from the Hebron district. Finally, all parameters for CF participants in West Bank, Palestine were noticeably lower than those reported in other countries.ConclusionsThis study illustrates the need for new therapies for CF participants in Palestine to improve QoL, health status, and longevity.
Partition of topological indices of benzenoid hydrocarbons into ring contributions
Authors: Redžepović Izudin , Ðorđević Slađana , Brezovnik Simon , Tratnik Niko , Žigert Pleteršek Petra , Furtula Boris , Radenković Slavko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work presents a simple method for partitioning the bond‐additive and atoms‐pair‐additive distance‐based topological indices of plane graphs into the sum of contributions of inner faces. The proposed method is applied to decompose several topological indices (Wiener, hyper‐Wiener, Tratch‐Stankevich‐Zefirov, Balaban, and Szeged indices) into the ring contributions for a series of benzenoid systems. It was found that the employed ring partitioning scheme is providing an accurate assessment of the dominant cyclic conjugation modes in the studied benzenoid hydrocarbons. Thus, the proposed method can be used as the alternative for the quantum‐chemistry‐based aromaticity indices which are significantly more computationally demanding.
Strain‐Induced Ferroelectric Phase Transition in Group‐V Monolayer Black Phosphorus
Authors: Xu Wen , Zheng Jun‐Ding , Tong Wen‐Yi , Wang Jiu‐Long , Shao Ya‐Ping , Zhang Yu‐Ke , Tan Yi‐Fan , Duan Chun‐Gang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecently, a variety of elemental ferroelectric materials have been predicted in group‐V monolayers. However, black phosphorus, as a well‐known group‐V system with the similar structure, seems to be absent of spontaneous ferroelectric polarization. Based on first‐principles calculations, ferroelectric phase in monolayer black phosphorus (BP) is successfully obtained by strain engineering and the driving force can be attributed to Jahn–Teller effect. In addition, the bandgap of the monolayer BP is found to be tunable with applied strain, which can be adjusted to even achieve the metal polarization states. The work not only provides a new route to explore elemental ferroelectricity in 2D materials, but also suggests strain engineering as a powerful tool in related research.
Sparse multi‐trait genomic prediction under balanced incomplete block design
Authors: Montesinos‐López Osval A. , Mosqueda‐González Brandon A. , Salinas‐Ruiz Josafat , Montesinos‐López Abelardo , Crossa José 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSparse testing is essential to increase the efficiency of the genomic selection methodology, as the same efficiency (in this case prediction power) can be obtained while using less genotypes evaluated in the fields. For this reason, it is important to evaluate the existing methods for performing the allocation of lines to environments. With this goal, four methods (M1–M4) to allocate lines to environments were evaluated under the context of a multi‐trait genomic prediction problem: M1 denotes the allocation of a fraction (subset) of lines in all locations, M2 denotes the allocation of a fraction of lines with some shared lines in locations but not arranged based on the balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) principle, M3 denotes the random allocation of a subset of lines to locations, and M4 denotes the allocation of a subset of lines to locations using the BIBD principle. The evaluation was done using seven real multi‐environment data sets common in plant breeding programs. We found that the best method was M4 and the worst was M1, while no important differences were found between M3 and M4. We concluded that M4 and M3 are efficient in the context of sparse testing for multi‐trait prediction.
Genomic prediction for complex traits across multiples harvests in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is enhanced by enviromics
Authors: Filho Claudio Carlos Fernandes , Andrade Mario Henrique Murad Leite , Nunes José Airton Rodrigues , Jarquin Diego Hernandez , Rios Esteban Fernando 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBreeding for dry matter yield and persistence in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) can take several years as these traits must be evaluated under multiple harvests. Therefore, genotype‐by‐harvest interaction should be incorporated into genomic prediction models to explore genotypes’ adaptability and stability. In this study, we investigated how enviromics could help to predict the genotypic performance under multiharvest alfalfa breeding trials by evaluating 177 families across 11 harvests under four cross‐validation scenarios. All scenarios were analyzed using six models in a Bayesian mixed model framework. Our results demonstrate that models accounting to the enviromics information led to an increase of genetic variance and a decrease in the error variance, indicating better biological explanation when the enviromic information was incorporated. Furthermore, models that accounted for enviromic data led to higher predictive ability (PA) in a reduced number of harvests used in the training data set. The best enviromic models (M2 and M3) outperformed the base model (GBLUP model—M0) for predicting adaptability and persistence across all cross‐validation scenarios. Incorporating environmental covariates also provided higher PA for persistence compared with the base model, as predictions increased from 0 to 0.16, 0.20, 0.56, and 0.46 for CV00, CV1, CV0, and CV2. The results also demonstrate that GBLUP without enviromics term has low power to predict persistence, thus the adoption of enviromics is a cheap and efficient alternative to increase accuracy and biological meaning.
Recent advances in nano‐scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: Toward natural therapeutics
Authors: Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh Azizeh , Saghebasl Solmaz , Asadi Nahideh , Kashani Elmira , Mehdipour Ahmad , Nezami Asl Amir , Akbarzadeh Abolfazl 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAmong the promising methods for repairing or replacing tissue defects in the human body and the hottest research topics in medical science today are regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. On the other hand, nanotechnology has been expanded into different areas of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to its essential benefits in improving performance in various fields. Nanotechnology, a helpful strategy in tissue engineering, offers new solutions to unsolved problems. Especially considering the excellent physicochemical properties of nanoscale structures, their application in regenerative medicine has been gradually developed, and a lot of research has been conducted in this field. In this regard, various nanoscale structures, including nanofibers, nanosheets, nanofilms, nano‐clays, hollow spheres, and different nanoparticles, have been developed to advance nanotechnology strategies with tissue repair goals. Here, we comprehensively review the application of the mentioned nanostructures in constructing nanocomposite scaffolds for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.This article is categorized under:
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement
Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Future Directions in OER
Authors: Kimmons Royce , Irvine Julie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOpen educational resources (OER) are revolutionary for shaping our distributed learning ecosystems (DLE), but only if we avoid technocentric narratives of OER as having effects themselves. Rather, we must focus on exploring the opportunities provided by open technologies and resources to allow us “to rethink what learning is all about, to rethink education” (cf. Papert, 1990) and actively work to reshape our institutions in concert with possible futures. This rethinking and reshaping are not only limited to how we understand the impact of OER but also how educators can more feasibly create and use OER and how we make a better and more equitable world. This chapter will explore some of the emerging possibilities offered by OER to rethink how we have approached education in the past and how we can use OER to move toward futures that allow for more sustainable generosity.