bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting physical activity to patients: a scoping review of the perceptions of doctors in the United Kingdom
Authors: Woodhead Gemma , Sivaramakrishnan Divya , Baker Graham 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The physician–patient encounter presents an ideal opportunity for physical activity (PA) promotion. This review aims to (i) explore the breadth and depth of existing literature investigating doctors’ perceptions of PA promotion in the United Kingdom (UK) and (ii) identify factors influencing the extent to which doctors engage in PA promotion during patient interactions.

Methods
A five-stage scoping review methodology and the PRISMA-ScR guidance were followed: Stage 1—research questions specified; Stage 2—relevant studies identified by searching five electronic databases and manual screening of references; Stage 3—studies screened using Covidence™; Stage 4—study data extracted and charted; and Stage 5—findings from included studies were analysed, summarised and reported using (i) descriptive numerical analysis to provide insight into study characteristics and (ii) narrative summary of the evidence categorised by factors that influence doctors’ engagement with PA promotion.

Results
In total, 16,961 studies were screened. Nineteen studies were included in the review with most conducted in primary care focusing on the perceptions of general practitioners. Seven influencing factors were identified: knowledge and training, personal interest and PA level, time, resources, confidence, the perceived role of the doctor and patient relevance.

Conclusion
This review provides new evidence that historical barriers and influencing factors have a persisting impact on the ability and willingness of UK doctors to engage with PA promotion with patients. Previous efforts to address these factors would appear to have had limited success. Further intervention efforts are required to ensure more widespread and effective PA promotion to patients.
Plant–pollinator metanetworks in fragmented landscapes: a simulation study
Authors: Rahimi Ehsan , Jung Chuleui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The topology of the plant–pollinator network can be explained by the species’ abundance and their random interactions. Plant–pollinator networks can be studied in the context of a landscape, because each patch can accommodate a certain local network. Local populations of pollinators in the landscape can be connected through migration and then constitute a metanetwork that is known as a combination of spatial and ecological networks. In this regard, habitat fragmentation can affect the topology of plant–pollinator metanetworks through changes in the species abundance and limiting their interactions. However, it is not clear what pattern (fragmented or aggregated) of the landscape structure can accommodate networks with a higher degree of specialization.

Methods
we created simulated landscapes with different forest proportions scenarios (from 5% to 50% of the total landscape) and degrees of fragmentation. Then, for each landscape, we limited the proportion of pollinators to the forest patch. We assumed that plants and pollinators are randomly distributed around the landscape and interact randomly. We used landscape metrics to measure different aspects of landscape structure and bipartite metrics for calculating the degree of specialization in plant–pollinator networks.

Results
The statistical relationship between bipartite and landscape metrics showed that the relationship between the topology of plant–pollinator networks and the landscape structure is affected by the forest amount in the landscape and the degree of forest fragmentation. We also found that according to the nestedness and H2 (a measure of specialization) metrics, fragmented landscapes contain more general plant–pollinator networks.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that fragmented landscapes, characterized by scattered forest patches, can promote higher levels of interaction between limited pollinators and diverse flowers, leading to more general plant–pollinator networks.
Establishment of analysis method for the quantification of residues of halquinol and its metabolites in livestock and fishery products using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Lee Tae Ho , Park Sun Young , Kim Ji Young , Choi Jang-Duck , Moon Guiim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, an analysis method was established for the quantification of residues of halquinol and its metabolites in livestock and fishery products using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). We selected beef, pork (muscle and fat), chicken, egg, milk, flat fish, eel, and shrimp as target samples for validation of the method owing to them being typical livestock and fishery products. Validation of the developed analysis method was performed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) at three concentration levels (0.5, 1, and 2 × the maximum residue limits) following the Codex Alimentarius (CODEX) guidelines (CAC/GL 71–2009). For all samples, correlation coefficients (R2) exceeded 0.99, recoveries ranged between 75.59 and 119.36%, and coefficients of variation (CV) ranged between 1.39 and 28.66%, thus satisfying CODEX guidelines. In addition, inter-laboratory validation was conducted, and the resulting recoveries and CVs satisfied the CODEX guidelines; LOQ was established as 10 μg kg–1 for pig muscle and 5 μg kg–1 for the other samples. Therefore, the analysis method developed in this study can accurately and precisely screen for and quantify halquinol and its metabolites in livestock and fishery products.
Circadian rhythm in cardiovascular diseases: a bibliometric analysis of the past, present, and future
Authors: Chai Ruoning , Ye Zelin , Wu Qian , Xue Wenjing , Shi Shuqing , Du Yihang , Wu Huaqin , Wei Yi , Hu Yuanhui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
One of the most prominent features of living organisms is their circadian rhythm, which governs a wide range of physiological processes and plays a critical role in maintaining optimal health and function in response to daily environmental changes. This work applied bibliometric analysis to explore quantitative and qualitative trends in circadian rhythm in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It also aims to identify research hotspots and provide fresh suggestions for future research.

Methods
The Web of Science Core Collection was used to search the data on circadian rhythm in CVD. HistCite, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were used for bibliometric analysis and visualization. The analysis included the overall distribution of yearly outputs, top nations, active institutions and authors, core journals, co-cited references, and keywords. To assess the quality and efficacy of publications, the total global citation score (TGCS) and total local citation score (TLCS) were calculated.

Results
There were 2102 papers found to be associated with the circadian rhythm in CVD, with the overall number of publications increasing year after year. The United States had the most research citations and was the most prolific country. Hermida RC, Young ME, and Ayala DE were the top three writers. The three most notable journals on the subject were Chronobiology International, Hypertension Research, and Hypertension. In the early years, the major emphasis of circadian rhythm in CVD was hormones. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction were the top developing research hotspots.

Conclusion
Circadian rhythm in CVD has recently received a lot of interest from the medical field. These topics, namely inflammation, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction, are critical areas of investigation for understanding the role of circadian rhythm in CVD. Although they may not be future research priorities, they remain of significant importance. In addition, how to implement these chronotherapy theories in clinical practice will depend on additional clinical trials to get sufficient trustworthy clinical evidence.
The impact of early pregnancy metabolic disorders on pregnancy outcome and the specific mechanism
Authors: Zhu Xi-Zi , Deng Zhi-Min , Dai Fang-Fang , Liu Hua , Cheng Yan-Xiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMiscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy. The most common causes of early miscarriage are chromosomal abnormalities of the embryo, maternal endocrine abnormalities, organ malformations, and abnormal immune factors. Late miscarriages are mostly caused by factors such as cervical insufficiency. However, the causes of 50% of miscarriages remain unknown. Recently, increasing attention has been given to the role of metabolic abnormalities in miscarriage. In this review, we mainly discuss the roles of four major metabolic pathways (glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, and oxidation‒reduction balance) in miscarriage and the metabolism-related genes that lead to metabolic disorders in miscarriage. Depending on aetiology, the current treatments for miscarriage include hormonal and immunological drugs, as well as surgery, while there are few therapies for metabolism. Therefore, we also summarize the drugs for metabolism-related targets. The study of altered metabolism underlying miscarriage not only helps us to understand the mechanisms involved in miscarriage but also provides an important basis for clinical research on new therapies.
Evaluation of visual acuity in dry AMD patients after microcurrent electrical stimulation
Authors: Parkinson Kevin M. , Sayre Eric C. , Tobe Sheldon W. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
To assess micro current to improve vision for dry age-related macular degeneration. Dry age-related macular degeneration is a major cause of blindness, disability, and severe erosion of quality of life, throughout the world. Beyond nutritional supplementation, there is no approved therapy.

Methods
This was a prospective randomized sham controlled clinical trial for participants with confirmed dry AMD with documented visual loss. Participants were randomized three to one, to receive transpalpebral external micro current electrical stimulation with the MacuMira device. The Treatment group received four treatments in the first two weeks, and two further treatments at weeks 14 and 26. Differences in BCVA and contrast sensitivity (CS) were estimated with mixed-effects repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results
Change of visual acuity with ETDRS assessment of number of letters read (NLR) and contrast sensitivity at week 4 and 30, compared to the first visit, between 43 treatment and 19 sham control participants. The Sham Control group had NLR of 24.2 (SD 7.1) at baseline, 24.2 (SD 7.2) at 4 weeks, and 22.1 (SD7.4) at 30 weeks. The Treatment group had NLR of 19.6 (SD 8.9) at baseline, 27.6 (SD 9.1) at 4 weeks, and 27.8 (SD 8.4) at 30 weeks. The change in NLR from baseline in the Treatment compared to the Sham control group was 7.7 (95% CI 5.7, 9.7, p < 0.001) at 4 weeks and 10.4 (95% CI 7.8, 13.1, p < 0.001) at 30 weeks. There were similar benefits in CS.

Conclusions
This pilot study of transpalpebral microcurrent demonstrated improved visual measures and is very encouraging as a potential treatment for dry AMD.
Trial Registration: NCT02540148, ClinicalTrials.gov.
The comparison of postoperative analgesic requirements between modified thoracoabdominal nerve block through perichondrial approach versus wound infiltration analgesia in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery: a retrospective, exploratory study
Authors: Atsumi China , Aikawa Katsuhiro , Takahashi Keita , Okada Kazufumi , Morimoto Yuji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Recently, modified thoracoabdominal nerve block through perichondrial approach (M-TAPA) has been introduced as a novel trunk block. To date, studies comparing its clinical advantages with those of existing local anesthetic techniques are scarce. We aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of M-TAPA to that of wound infiltration analgesia (WIA) in patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopic surgeries.

Methods
We studied medical records from January 2020 to July 2021 at Hokkaido University Hospital. The primary outcome was the number of analgesic requirements in the first 24 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were the time until the first analgesic requirement and adverse events regarding local anesthetic techniques. To address confounding, a regression model was used.

Results
Data from 90 of 231 patients were analyzed (M-TAPA group, n = 40; WIA group, n = 50). For the primary outcome, means and 95% confidence intervals for each group and between-group differences were as follows: 2.25 (1.74, 2.76), 2.28 (1.81, 2.75), and −0.03 (−0.72, 0.66), respectively. Adjusted mean difference was 0.39 (−0.32, 1.11). There were no significant differences in means between groups, with or without adjustment for covariates (p = 0.93, 0.28). Furthermore, no significant difference was detected in the time until the first analgesic requirement and adverse events related to local anesthesia.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that M-TAPA did not reduce postoperative analgesic requirements compared to WIA. In a future clinical trial, sufficient visceral pain control may be required to evaluate the effectiveness of M-TAPA over WIA in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery.
Multiple myeloma: characterization of patients through the analysis of semiquantitative parameters with 18F-FDG PET
Authors: De Feo Maria Silvia , Filippi Luca , Frantellizzi Viviana , De Angelis Cristina , Montebello Melissa , Corica Ferdinando , Brunotti Gabriele , Schillaci Orazio , De Vincentis Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy after non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Recently, the use of 18F-FDG PET/CT has become more and more diffused thanks to its ability to combine functional and morphological information for diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and evaluation of treatment response. This study aims to describe the semiquantitative parameters obtained from 18F-FDG PET/CT in a population of patients with MM. A comparative analysis was performed with existing literature.

Methods
This retrospective study included 50 patients with suspected MM who had undergone whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT. The semiquantitative parameters obtained from 18F-FDG PET/CT positive scans were analyzed, specifically the number of focal lesions (FLs), the SUVmax of the “hottest” lesion, the ratio between SUVmax of the bone marrow and the spleen (marrow-to-spleen SUVmean ratio), marrow-to-spleen SULpeak ratio, and MTV.

Results
Of the total cohort of 50 patients submitted to 18F-FDG PET/CT for suspected MM, 39 subjects resulted affected by MM. The 11 negative 18F-FDG PET/CT scans of the remaining subjects were not included. 59% of patients were males, and mean age (SD) was 65 ± 7.8 years. Based on the number of FLs, the entire cohort was divided into three groups: 14 patients in group A with more than 10 lesions; 5 patients in group B had a number of lesions between 5 and 10; and 24 patients in group C presented with less than 5 lesions.

Conclusions
Semiquantitative parameters obtained through 18F-FDG PET can be useful in the assessment of staging criteria for MM, as the metabolic activity of lesions is higher in patients with extensive disease at the time of diagnosis. The predictive and prognostic relevance of these parameters as well as their role in guiding the therapeutic process toward ASCT worths further research.
A Spatial Memory Deficit in Male But Not Female Rats After Neonatal Diazepam Exposure: A New Model for Developmental Sedative Neurotoxicity
Authors: Chinn Gregory A. , Cummins Marcus H. , Sall Jeffrey W. 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity is well described in animal models for GABAergic, sedating drugs. Here we investigate the role of the benzodiazepine, diazepam on spatial and recognition memory of young adult rats after neonatal exposure.

METHODS:
On postnatal day 7, male (n = 30) and female (n = 30) rats were exposed to diazepam (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or vehicle. On postnatal day 42, animals started a series of behavioral tests including Barnes maze (spatial memory), object recognition battery (recognition memory), and open field and elevated plus maze (anxiety). In a separate cohort, blood gases were obtained from diazepam-exposed animals and compared to isoflurane-exposed animals (1 MAC for 4 hours).

RESULTS:
Male animals exposed to diazepam had impaired performance in the Barnes maze and were unable to differentiate the goal quadrant from chance (1-sample t test; t
diazepam/male (14) = 1.49, P = .158). Female rats exposed to diazepam performed the same as the vehicle controls (t
diazepam/female (12) = 3.4, P = .005, t
vehicle/female (14) = 3.62, P = .003, t
vehicle/male (13) = 4.76, P < .001). There were no statistical differences in either males or females in measures of recognition memory, anxiety, or locomotor activity in other behavioral tests. Physiologic measurements of arterial blood gases taken from animals under sedation with diazepam were much less aberrant than those exposed to the volatile anesthetic isoflurane by t test (pHdiazepam [M = 7.56, standard deviation {SD} = 0.11] versus pHIsoflurane [M = 7.15, SD = 0.02], t(10) = 8.93, P < .001; Paco2diazepam [M = 32.8 mm Hg, SD = 10.1] versus Paco2Isoflurane [M = 91.8 mm Hg, SD = 5.8], t(10) = 8.93, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The spatial memory results are consistent with volatile anesthetic suggesting a model in which development of the GABA system plays a critical role in determining susceptibility to behavioral deficits.
A Son's Obligations: Promoting and Circulating Motherly Exemplariness in Late Imperial China
Authors: Huang Martin W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article investigates how sons in the scholar-literati class in late imperial China promoted their mothers as Confucian exemplars. From the position and perspectives of a son, what were the strategies of promotion, and how might these strategies be related to the different social roles Confucian literati were expected to play? Through an examination of sons' written tributes to their mothers in a variety of biographical and commemorative genres, this article argues that these writings show an increasing enthusiasm to promote mothers as Confucian exemplars during this historical period, and that this phenomenon was related to these writers' endeavors to promote themselves as members of the Confucian cultural elite and to raise their own social profiles. Some of these writings also expose sons' potential conflicting obligations in the context of polygamy, in which the mother's status as wife or concubine of the father could complicate the son's commemoration and raise questions about the proper ways in which the son could show respect to his different mothers (whether formal mother or concubine mother), especially when his own birth mother happened to be his father's concubine.
Quadrupedal Movement Training
Authors: Eckart Adam C. 
Published: June 2023

Apply It!
• Evidence suggests quadrupedal motor control mechanisms aid in balance and coordination during bipedal tasks.
• Quadrupedal movement training provides participants with opportunities to improve total body joint stability patterns by altering the base of support and center of mass through stationary and traveling variations.
• Electromyographic studies on crawling movements in adults have shown substantial muscle activity in the trunk stabilizers and other supporting muscles such as the shoulders, triceps, quadriceps, calves, and hamstrings. The center of mass location changes the pattern of muscle activation in relation to the distribution of the load.
• Promising evidence suggests that quadrupedal movement training may improve joint proprioception and range of motion.
COVID-19 infection and decline in outdoor activities associated with depression in older adults: A multicenter study in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huan Thanh , Le Thien Hoang , Nguyen Chanh Cong , Le Thanh Dinh , Nguyen Tan Van 
Published: June 2023

Background
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a serious global communicable disease burden. Although COVID-19 and its policy responses have significantly influenced older adults, the impact of COVID-19 on depression in the older population is not fully understood. We aimed to investigate whether a history of COVID-19 infection and a decline in outdoor activities during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with depression among older adults in Vietnam.

Methods
This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,004 outpatients (aged ≥60 years; mean age 70.8 ± 7.3 years; men, 33.0%) visiting three hospitals for a comprehensive geriatric assessment between November 2021 and July 2022. Depression over the past week was evaluated using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. History of COVID-19 infection and decline in outdoor activities were included as binary variables. We adjusted these two factors with sociodemographic and geriatric variables and comorbidities using a logistic regression analysis in separate models.

Results
A total of 156 participants (15.5%) experienced depression. The proportion of mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms was 14.1%, 44.9%, and 41.0%, respectively. In the multivariate model, decline in outdoor activities (odds ratio [OR] 17.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.15–32.2, p <0.001) and history of COVID-19 infection (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.28–3.84, p = 0.004) were associated with depression. Additionally, we found that age ≥ 75 years, female sex, being underweight, limitations in functional status, poor sleep quality, and stroke were associated with depression. Of the associated factors, decline in outdoor activities had a moderate strength of association with depression (r = 0.419), while each of the remaining factors had a weak strength of association.

Conclusions
COVID-19 had a direct and indirect impact on depression in older adults, reflecting an association between both a history of COVID-19 infection and a decline in outdoor activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and depression in the older population.