bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a simple-to-use nomogram for self-screening the risk of dyslipidemia
Authors: Lan Jinyan , Zhou Xueqing , Huang Qian , Zhao Li , Li Penghua , Xi Maomao , Luo Meng , Wu Qiong , Tang Lixu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to help healthy adults achieve self-screening by analyzing the quantitative relationship between body composition index measurements (BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, etc.) and dyslipidemia and establishing a logical risk prediction model for dyslipidemia. We performed a cross-sectional study and collected relevant data from 1115 adults between November 2019 and August 2020. The least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was performed to select the best predictor variables, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to construct the prediction model. In this study, a graphic tool including 10 predictor variables (a "nomogram," see the precise definition in the text) was constructed to predict the risk of dyslipidemia in healthy adults. A calibration diagram, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to verify the model’s utility. Our proposed dyslipidemia nomogram showed good discriminative ability with a C-index of 0.737 (95% confidence interval, 0.70–0.773). In the internal validation, a high C-index value of 0.718 was achieved. DCA showed a dyslipidemia threshold probability of 2–45%, proving the value of the nomogram for clinical application for dyslipidemia. This nomogram may be useful for self-screening the risk of dyslipidemia in healthy adults.
Narrow Band Imaging in Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing—How Does It Work?
Authors: Niessen Almut , Nienstedt Julie Cläre , Flügel Till , Koseki Jana-Christiane , Müller Frank , Zang Jana , Pflug Christina 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The purposes of this study were to compare the visibility of various color groups in different dilutions using narrow band imaging (NBI
)
and white light (WL) and to determine an optimal color combination using NBI and WL for multicolor flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), for example, to test different consistencies.

Method:
Preliminary examinations were performed in the oral cavity of two healthy volunteers. Various dyes were tested using NBI and WL to evaluate their visibilities. In the case of a clearly discernible color change, the visibility differences in the dilution series under WL and NBI were recorded and compared. Subsequently, an abbreviated dilution series with NBI and WL was performed in a volunteer as part of a swallow endoscopy to determine whether the results from the oral cavity could be transferred to the hypopharynx.

Results:

The enhancement of visibility using NBI compared with WL can be proven. When NBI was used, yellow and red food dyes and their mixtures showed distinct color changes. The reacting dyes were still visible under NBI, even at a 10-time
s
-higher dilution, requiring a lower dye concentration for FEES. For increased visibility, the dyes used for FEES with NBI must contain colors from a small range in the yellow and red spectra, which are close to the filter maxima of NBI. Both colors are well visible under WL when combining red and green (secondary color of yellow).

Conclusions:
Certain food colorings are visible 10 times more diluted under NBI than under WL. In a multicolored approach, optimal visibility under NBI and WL can be achieved by combining green and red. This new high-sensitivity FEES should be highlighted to allow an instant distinction from WL-FEES; we suggest “FEES+.”

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23280290
Stellenwert der kardialen MRT bei Patienten mit ventrikulären Arrhythmien und zur Prävention des plötzlichen Herztods
Authors: Fenski Maximilian , Krüger Leo Dyke , Schulz-Menger Jeanette 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie kardiovaskuläre Magnetresonanztomografie (CMR) hat nicht nur einen besonderen Stellenwert als Diagnostikum, sondern auch eine zunehmende Bedeutung hinsichtlich therapeutischer
Entscheidungen bei Patienten mit ventrikulären Arrhythmien und in der Prävention des plötzlichen Herztods.Die Übersichtsarbeit diskutiert auf Grundlage der aktuellen ESC-Leitlinie die Rolle der CMR in diesem Anwendungsbereich mit besonderem Fokus auf die dilatative, hypertrophe und
arrhythmogene Kardiomyopathie sowie auf Patienten im chronischen Stadium nach einem Myokardinfarkt. Darüber hinaus werden entsprechende MRT-Basistechniken und Protokolle dargestellt sowie
ein Ausblick hinsichtlich zu erwartender Studienergebnisse und aktuell bestehender Wissenslücken präsentiert.
Akuttherapie ventrikulärer Arrhythmien mit Schwerpunkt elektrischer Sturm
Authors: Ene Elena , Nentwich Karin , Berkovitz Artur , Deaconu Alexandru Ioan , Deneke Thomas 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungEin elektrischer Sturm ist definiert als rezidivierende ventrikuläre Tachykardien innerhalb von 24 Stunden und ist assoziiert mit einer schlechten kurz- und langfristigen Prognose. In der
Regel ist neben initiierenden Auslösern in der Vielzahl der Fälle ein arrhythmogenes Substrat vorhanden. Durch die zunehmende Anzahl an Patienten mit implantierten Defibrillatoren steigt
auch die Zahl der Patienten, die sich akut entweder im niedergelassenen, aber auch im stationären Sektor vorstellen. Dies ist im Wesentlichen abhängig von den individuellen Beschwerden,
die von asymptomatisch bis zur Reanimationssituation reichen können. Ein standardisiertes Vorgehen fokussiert auf Auslöser der Arrhythmie, die darunterliegende strukturelle Herzerkrankung
und den hämodynamischen Status. Das akute Management beinhaltet normalerweise eine multimodale Medikation sowie leichte bis moderate Sedierung. Die Katheterablation spielt eine dezidierte
Rolle in der Anfangsphase der Behandlung und weniger in der Akutphase des elektrischen Sturmes.
ICD-Therapie zum Schutz vor dem plötzlichen Herztod. Sind die Leitlinien aktuell genug?
Authors: Dagres Nikolaos , Hindricks Gerhard 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit struktureller Herzerkrankung haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für den plötzlichen Herztod. Eine stark eingeschränkte linksventrikuläre Pumpleistung ist ein Risikofaktor für den
plötzlichen Herztod. Ältere und die aktuellen Leitlinien empfehlen deshalb bei diesen Patienten die primärprophylaktische Implantation eines Kardioverter-Defibrillators (ICD). In diesem
Artikel werden die Limitationen dieser Strategie sowie neueste Forschungsergebnisse aufgeführt.
Endoscopic resection-related colorectal strictures: risk factors, management, and long-term outcomes
Authors: Gupta Sunil , Vosko Sergei , Shahidi Neal , O’Sullivan Timothy , Cronin Oliver , Whitfield Anthony , Kurup Rajiv , Sidhu Mayenaaz , Lee Eric Y. T. , Williams Stephen J. , Burgess Nicholas G. , Bourke Michael J. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Colorectal strictures related to endoscopic resection (ER) of large nonpedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs) may be problematic. Data on prevalence, risk factors, and management are limited. We report a prospective study of colorectal strictures following ER and describe our approach to management.
Methods We analyzed prospectively collected data over 150 months, until June 2021, for patients who underwent ER for LNPCPs ≥ 40 mm. The ER defect size was graded as < 60 %, 60 %–89 %, or ≥ 90 % of the luminal circumference. Strictures were considered “severe” if patients experienced obstructive symptoms, “moderate” if an adult colonoscope could not pass the stenosis, or “mild” if there was resistance on successful passage. Primary outcomes included stricture prevalence, risk factors, and management.
Results 916 LNPCPs ≥ 40 mm in 916 patients were included (median age 69 years, interquartile range 61–76 years, male sex 484 [52.8 %]). The primary resection modality was endoscopic mucosal resection in 859 (93.8 %). Risk of stricture formation with an ER defect ≥ 90 %, 60 %–89 %, and < 60 % was 74.2 % (23/31), 25.0 % (22/88), and 0.8 % (6 /797), respectively. Severe strictures only occurred with ER defects ≥ 90 % (22.6 %, 7/31). Defects < 60 % conferred low risk of only mild strictures (0.8 %, 6/797). Severe strictures required earlier (median 0.9 vs. 4.9 months; P = 0.01) and more frequent (median 3 vs. 2; P = 0.02) balloon dilations than moderate strictures.
Conclusion Most patients with ER defects ≥ 90 % of luminal circumference developed strictures, many of which were severe and required early balloon dilation. There was minimal risk with ER defects < 60 %.
Progressive Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity and Myoclonus with an Aggressive Presentation Mimicking Septic Shock: A Pediatric Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ho Samuel C.S. , Leung K. Y. , Ng Grace S.F. , Yiu W. L. , Yau Eric K.C. , Fong N. C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProgressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) is a relapsing–remitting neurological disorder that falls within the stiff person syndrome–spectrum disorders. We report a 16-year-old girl with PERM associated with an anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody. She had an aggressive initial presentation mimicking fulminant septic shock, followed by truncal and lower limb rigidity, stimulus-sensitive spasm, cognitive impairment, brainstem signs (hyperekplexia, nystagmus), and dysautonomia (urinary retention, constipation, facial flushing, blood pressure fluctuation). Cerebrospinal fluid, electroencephalography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine showed features suggestive autoimmune encephalitis and myelitis. The serum anti-GAD antibody was positive, and the diagnosis of PERM was made. She had fluctuating clinical response despite intravenous immunoglobulin, steroids, plasmapheresis, and symptomatic medications. Eventually, in the fourth month since admission, she showed gradual and persistent clinical improvement after introducing rituximab. She was discharged after 6 months of hospitalization, and no relapse was observed in the first 3 years of follow-up.PERM is a rare and underrecognized condition in children. Contrary to previous reports, our case describes an aggressive and life-threatening presentation for PERM. Vague symptoms and the lack of gold diagnostic tests hinder a timely diagnosis. Our study also highlights the need for developing standardized diagnostic criteria and consensus in managing PERM.
Factor XII Structure–Function Relationships
Authors: Shamanaev Aleksandr , Litvak Maxim , Ivanov Ivan , Srivastava Priyanka , Sun Mao-Fu , Dickeson S. Kent , Kumar Sunil , He Tracey Z. , Gailani David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFactor XII (FXII), the zymogen of the protease FXIIa, contributes to pathologic processes such as bradykinin-dependent angioedema and thrombosis through its capacity to convert the homologs prekallikrein and factor XI to the proteases plasma kallikrein and factor XIa. FXII activation and FXIIa activity are enhanced when the protein binds to a surface. Here, we review recent work on the structure and enzymology of FXII with an emphasis on how they relate to pathology. FXII is a homolog of pro-hepatocyte growth factor activator (pro-HGFA). We prepared a panel of FXII molecules in which individual domains were replaced with corresponding pro-HGFA domains and tested them in FXII activation and activity assays. When in fluid phase (not surface bound), FXII and prekallikrein undergo reciprocal activation. The FXII heavy chain restricts reciprocal activation, setting limits on the rate of this process. Pro-HGFA replacements for the FXII fibronectin type 2 or kringle domains markedly accelerate reciprocal activation, indicating disruption of the normal regulatory function of the heavy chain. Surface binding also enhances FXII activation and activity. This effect is lost if the FXII first epidermal growth factor (EGF1) domain is replaced with pro-HGFA EGF1. These results suggest that FXII circulates in blood in a “closed” form that is resistant to activation. Intramolecular interactions involving the fibronectin type 2 and kringle domains maintain the closed form. FXII binding to a surface through the EGF1 domain disrupts these interactions, resulting in an open conformation that facilitates FXII activation. These observations have implications for understanding FXII contributions to diseases such as hereditary angioedema and surface-triggered thrombosis, and for developing treatments for thrombo-inflammatory disorders.
The Modern Hearing Care Landscape: Toward the Provision of Personalized, Dynamic, and Adaptive Care
Authors: Glista Danielle , Schnittker Jean Anne , Brice Sophie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNew technologies and developments in hearing healthcare are rapidly transforming service models, delivery channels, and available solutions. These advances are reshaping the ways in which care is provided, leading to greater personalization, service efficiencies, and improved access to care, to name a few benefits. Connected hearing care is one model with the potential to embrace this “customized” hearing experience by forging a hybrid of health–technology connections, as well as traditional face-to-face interactions between clients, providers, and persons integral to the care journey. This article will discuss the many components of connected care, encompassing variations of traditional and teleaudiology-focused services, clinic-based and direct-to-consumer channels, in addition to the varying levels of engagement and readiness defining the touch points for clients to access a continuum of connected hearing care. The emerging hearing healthcare system is one that is dynamic and adaptive, allowing for personalized care, but also shifting the focus to the client's needs and preferences. This shift in the care model, largely driven by innovation and the growing opportunities for clients to engage with hearing technology, brings forth new, exciting, and sometimes uncomfortable discussion points for both the provider and client. The modern hearing care landscape benefits clients to better meet their needs and preferences in a more personalized style, and providers to better support and address those needs and preferences.
Long-term Effects of Intratracheal Budesonide and Surfactant for the Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nobile Stefano , Di Sipio Morgia Chiara , Hall Michael 
Published: June 2023

Objective This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of intratracheal administration of budesonide and surfactant with surfactant alone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) prevention in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome.
Study Design A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov, and gray literature. Assessment of quality was conducted using CASP tool, ROBIS tool, and GRADE framework.
Results A systematic review and meta-analysis and three observational studies were identified. Budesonide was associated with reduced incidence and severity of BPD, reduced mortality, patent ductus arteriosus, need for additional surfactant doses, hypotension, duration of invasive ventilation, hospital stays, salbutamol prescriptions, and hospitalizations in the first 2 years of life. The safety of budesonide on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 to 3 years of corrected age was reported.
Conclusion Budesonide might be associated with a reduction in BPD incidence and severity, without evidence of impaired neurodevelopment at 2 to 3 years of age. According to the GRADE framework, the level of evidence is low due to significant heterogeneity of studies and other bias.
Key Points
Screening for Pompe Disease in High-Risk Pediatric Patients: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in Rajasthan
Authors: Nagpal Tuhina , Goyal Manisha , Mathur Priyanshu , Agrawal Kamlesh Kumar , Gupta Ashok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA high index of suspicion is required to diagnose rare genetic disorders, such as Pompe disease, with common clinical manifestations in children. There is a need to sensitize physicians regarding cues to early screening and diagnosis of such patients. Minimal epidemiological data are available on Pompe disease in India. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Pompe disease in high-risk pediatric populations and determine the appropriateness of screening dried blood spot (DBS) tests to facilitate the diagnosis of Pompe disease. We screened pediatric patients presented with (1) unexplained hypotonia, respiratory distress, cardiomyopathy, and elevated liver function tests; and (2) unexplained limb girdle muscle weakness through a DBS test for enzyme assay. Those patients found positive underwent acid alpha-glucosidase mutational analysis. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 45 suspected patients after approval from the institutional ethical committee. Of the 45 suspected patients, 9 (20%) were found to be positive by DBS test. Out of these nine tested, four (44.4%) were positive, two (22.2%) were negative, and three (33.3%) could not be tested for mutation analysis. The prevalence of genetically confirmed Pompe disease in high-risk populations was 8.8%. The results of this study show that clinical suspicion and DBS filter paper test facilitate early diagnosis and management, thereby improving the quality of life in patients. DBS test acts as a robust, rapid first-tier screening test for Pompe disease.
Duration and sex-dependent effect of betaine supplementation on growth performance and carcass backfat of finisher pigs
Authors: Liu Fan , Walker Jake , Brewster Chris J. , Henman David J. , Smits Robert J. , Cottrell Jeremy J. , Dunshea Frank R. 
Published: June 2023

Context Developing strategies to reduce carcass fatness is vital to the profitability of animal production, particularly in a market where excessive backfat causes price penalties. Studies have shown that betaine supplementation has inconsistent effects on carcass fatness, which are due in part to variability in the betaine dose, duration of supplementation and growth state. Grower pigs have a greater lean:fat deposition ratio than do finisher pigs and are more sensitive to anabolic stimuli. The betaine-spared energy may be deposited as more lean tissue when betaine is supplemented during the grower phase. We hypothesised that 0.1% betaine supplementation within the grower phase is more effective in reducing carcass backfat than is supplementing in the finisher phase. Such an effect may also interact with sex. Aims The objective was to optimise betaine supplementation duration to reduce carcass backfat thickness of finisher pigs. Methods Eighty pens of pigs (39 pigs/pen) were allocated to a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement on the basis of sex (immunocastrated male vs female pigs), betaine supplementation (0 vs 0.1%) during the grower phase (10–16 weeks of age) and the finisher phase (16 weeks of age to approximately 22 weeks of age). Growth performance, carcass weight and backfat thickness were recorded. Key results Betaine supplementation during the grower phase or finisher phase reduced backfat thickness in female pigs by 0.7 mm and 0.5 mm respectively. But the effect in reducing female backfat diminished when the supplementation extended to both grower and finisher phases. No such effect was found in immunocastrated male pigs (grower phase diet × finisher phase diet × sex, P < 0.05). Betaine supplementation during the finisher phase reduced growth rate by 40 g per day, regardless of sex (finisher phase diet, P < 0.05). Conclusions The effect of betaine in reducing carcass backfat was observed in female pigs only. Additionally, this occurred only when betaine was supplemented for 6 weeks in either the grower or finisher period, with supplementation for the 12-week period negating the effect. Implications The effectiveness of betaine supplementation in reducing carcass backfat is sex and duration dependent.
Arabidopsis plasma membrane intrinsic protein (AtPIP2;1) is implicated in a salinity conditional influence on seed germination
Authors: Hoai Phan Thi Thanh , Qiu Jiaen , Groszmann Michael , De Rosa Annamaria , Tyerman Stephen D. , Byrt Caitlin S. 
Published: June 2023

Dynamic changes in aquaporin gene expression occur during seed germination. One example is the ~30-fold increase in Arabidopsis thaliana PIP2;1 transcripts within 24 h of seed imbibition. To investigate whether AtPIP2;1 can influence seed germination wild-type Columbia-0, single (Atpip2;1) and double (Atpip2;1-Atpip2;2) loss-of-function mutants, along with transgenic 2x35S::AtPIP2;1 over-expressing (OE) lines and null-segregant controls, were examined. The various genotypes were germinated in control and saline (75 mM NaCl treatment) conditions and tested for germination efficiency, imbibed seed maximum cross sectional (MCS) area, imbibed seed mass, and seed Na+ and K+ content. Seed lacking functional AtPIP2;1 and/or AtPIP2;2 proteins or constitutively over-expressing AtPIP2;1, had delayed germination in saline conditions relative to wild-type and null-segregant seed, respectively. Exposure to saline germination conditions resulted in Atpip2;1 mutants having greater imbibed seed mass and less accumulated Na+ than wild-type, whereas lines over-expressing AtPIP2;1 had reduced imbibed seed mass and greater seed K+ content than null-segregant control seed. The results imply a role for AtPIP2;1 in seed germination processes, whether directly through its capacity for water and ion transport or H2O2 signalling, or indirectly through potentially triggering dynamic differential regulation of other aquaporins expressed during germination. Future research will aid in dissecting the aquaporin functions influencing germination and may lead to novel solutions for optimising germination in sub-optimal conditions, such as saline soils.
No quiero batirme con vos... ni reñir contigo
Authors: Gutiérrez Maté Miguel , Uhl Patricia 
Published: June 2023

Abstracta
El sistema de formas de tratamiento ha experimentado distintos procesos de variación a lo largo de la diacronía y la diatopía de la lengua española, más aún durante el español clásico (o ‘áureo’). Sus implicaciones pragmáticas, socio-discursivas y culturales hacen de los tratamientos un sistema en ‘crisis’ (Hummel, 2020), con múltiples variables cuyos valores necesitan fijarse e irse actualizando en la comunicación. Recogemos aquí los avances recientes de la investigación en este campo y los aplicamos en un contexto de enseñanza/aprendizaje del español: para ello, proponemos un enfoque didáctico textual, válido tanto en las clases de secundaria en Lengua Castellana y Literatura como en las clases de E/LE. El texto escogido para discutir estos problemas lingüísticos es un fragmento de una novela de Las aventuras del capitán Alatriste, que recrea la lengua del siglo XVII. La metodología de análisis demuestra que, mediando las adaptaciones pertinentes y partiendo de los textos adecuados, casi cualquier problema filológico y/o lingüístico-teórico puede plantearse para su aprendizaje en enseñanza secundaria y en E/LE.