bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Acute Melatonin Administration on Human Physical Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Faria Vinícius Silva , Messias Leonardo Henrique Dalcheco , Pejon Taciane Maria Melges , Beck Wladimir Rafael 
Published: March 2023

Context: Melatonin is an ancient molecule with a wide range of functions in mammals, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypothermic effects among others. However, the influence of acute melatonin administration on human physical performance is debatable. Objective: To summarize available data from controlled trials about the effects of acute melatonin administration on human physical performance, especially with respect to strength, power, speed, and short- and long-term continuous exercise. Data Sources: A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to December 10, 2021, was conducted using specified keywords and Boolean operators (“melatonin” AND “exercise OR circuit-based exercise OR plyometric exercise OR exercise tolerance OR exercise test”). Study Selection: Only controlled studies in the English language and with humans were accepted. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Data Extraction: Participants’ characteristics (sex, age, body mass, height and fat percentage), melatonin dose and administration time, and outcomes from the performance trial were extracted. Results: A total of 10 studies were identified after the screening process. Overall, melatonin did not change speed or short-term continuous exercise performances. However, in relation to strength and power, the results are debatable since 5 articles showed no difference, while another 2 pointed to a decrease in performance. In terms of performance improvement, only 1 study reported an increase in balance and another in long-term continuous exercise performance in nonathletes, with no advantage found for athletes. Conclusion: Melatonin did not cause any significant change in strength, speed, power, and short-term continuous exercise performances. In fact, it led to reduced strength and power performances in specific tests. On the other hand, melatonin seems to have improved balance and long-term continuous exercise performance, at least in nonathletes. More investigations are required to corroborate these findings.
Effect of Scapular Stabilizer Muscles Strength on Scapular Position
Authors: Micoogullari Mehmet , Uygur S. Fatma , Yosmaoglu H. Baran 
Published: March 2023

Background: Maintaining scapular mechanics is important for upper extremity functionality and posture. Determining the extent to which the scapular stabilizer muscles affect the scapular position may guide the creation of an exercise program for people with scapular dyskinesis. Hypothesis: The serratus anterior (SA), upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MT), and lower trapezius (LT) muscles play different roles on scapular position when humeral elevation increase. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A total of 70 women aged 40 to 65 years (mean age, 49 ± 7 years) who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Isometric muscle strength of the SA, UT, MT, and LT was evaluated with a handheld dynamometer. For assessment of scapular position, the lateral scapular slide test (LSST) was used. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate scapular parameters. Results: There were positive and statistically significant correlations between the isometric muscle strength of the SA, UT, MT, and LT muscles and the values at different humerus positions in the LSST ( P < 0.05). The UT and SA muscles greatly affected the changes in the position of the inferior region of the scapula ( R2 > 24.5%). The LT (11.3%) in neutral position, MT (25.4%) with arm abducted at 45°, and SA (34.5%) with arm abducted 90° had a major effect on the changes in the mediolateral position of the scapula. Conclusion: While the LT muscle affects the mediolateral position of the scapula to a large extent, the strength of the MT and SA muscles becomes effective as the shoulder elevation increases. SA and UT muscle strength have a greater effect on the position of the inferior region of the scapula. Clinical Relevance: Dyskinesis can be observed at different levels of the scapula; therefore, it is important to determine at which level the dyskinesis is more prominent for each individual and consequently to form a personalized exercise program to increase function and control dyskinesis.
Differences in Short-Term Sport-Specific Functional Recovery After Primary ACL Reconstruction in the Adolescent Athlete
Authors: Kemper W. Craig , Carpenter Connor M. , Wagner K. John , Chen Chien-Cheng , Saleem Laura , Wilson Philip L. , Ellis Henry B. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Although anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates have been studied extensively, it is unclear whether levels of functional and psychological readiness for return-to-sport after primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR) differ based on an athlete’s primary sport. Hypothesis: Youth athletes in different primary sports will demonstrate differences in short-term functional recovery, as well as patient-reported psychological and functional recovery after primary ACLR. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients treated for ACL injury in pediatric sports medicine clinics. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Patients included underwent primary ACLR between December 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019 and reported sports participation at the time of injury. Demographic data, sports participation, surgical data, functional testing scores (Y-Balance Test [YBT]), functional and psychological patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and timing of return-to-play clearance were reviewed. YBT scores were the primary metric for clearance. Four groups were studied: soccer, football, basketball, and other. Results: A total of 220 male and 223 female athletes were included; 65.28% of soccer players were female and 100% of football players were male ( P < 0.01). At initial postoperative YBT testing (6-9 months), soccer players had higher operative ( P < 0.01) and nonoperative ( P < 0.01) leg composite scores when compared with basketball players. No significant differences were found between sports in functional or psychological PROMs at presurgical baseline or 6 months postoperatively. When compared with football, soccer players completed functional clearance in a shorter time from surgery ( P = 0.02). Multivariate analysis showed level of competition as a significant independent variable for clearance in female athletes. Conclusion: After primary ACLR, athletes, especially female athletes, demonstrated short-term sport-specific differences in YBT scores. Soccer players attained clearance sooner than football players. Level of competition influenced YBT composite scores in all athletes and time to clearance in female athletes. Clinical Relevance: Sport-specific differences in reinjury should be investigated to determine whether changes in return-to-play evaluation should be implemented.
Using an Internal Joint Stabilizer Through a Single Posterior Approach for Elderly Patients With Terrible Triad Injury
Authors: Chiu Yen-Chun , Wu Chin-Hsien , Tsai Kun-Ling , Jou I-Ming , Tu Yuan-Kun , Ma Ching-Hou 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Treating a terrible triad injury of the elbow remains a challenge for orthopedic surgeons, especially in elderly patients due to the poor quality of the surrounding soft tissue and bony structures. In the present study, we propose a treatment protocol using an internal joint stabilizer through a single posterior approach and analyze the clinical results. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 15 elderly patients with terrible triad injuries of the elbow who underwent our treatment protocol from January 2015 to December 2020. The surgery involved a posterior approach, identification of the ulnar nerve, bone and ligament reconstruction, and the application of the internal joint stabilizer. A rehabilitation program was initiated immediately after the operation. Surgery-related complications, elbow range of motion (ROM), and functional outcomes were evaluated. Results The mean follow-up period was 21.7 months (range, 16-36 months). ROM at the final follow-up was 130° in extension to flexion and 164° in pronation to supination. The mean Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 94 at the final follow-up. Major complications included breaking of the internal joint stabilizer in 2 patients, transient numbness over the ulnar nerve territory in one, and local infection due to irritation of the internal joint stabilizer in one. Conclusions Although the current study involved only a small number of patients and the protocol comprised two stages of operation, we believe that such a technique may be a valuable alternative for the treatment of these difficult cases. Level of Clinical Evidence 4.
Tracing data for systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the advanced age of digital and social media
Authors: Gamage Nishadi , Ranasinghe Priyanga , Jayawardena Ranil 
Published: March 2023

Background When conducting reviews, obtaining unreported information by contacting corresponding authors via traditional methods of correspondence, such as email/postage has become increasingly challenging. Objective/s The current study aimed to identify the different non-traditional sources and approaches to obtain unreported data from respective authors of primary studies eligible for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Methods Unreported data were obtained initially through traditional methods (email/telephone, searching forward citations of the articles, review of other publications of the same research team and perusal of authors’ institutional profiles). The second stage included communication through digital/social media, which comprised Facebook, ResearchGate, WhatsApp, Viber, LinkedIn, and the online Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx). Results During data extraction, 41 individual data items were missing/unreported, and we were able to identify 36 (87.8%) during data tracing, using both traditional ( n = 10, 27.8%) and digital and social media-based ( n = 26, 72.2%) methods. These 26 data items were identified through the following methods, (a) Facebook ( n = 6), (b) ResearchGate ( n = 3), (c) WhatsApp ( n = 3), (d) Viber ( n = 1), (e) LinkedIn ( n = 1) and GHDx database ( n = 12). Conclusion Digital/social media platforms were found to be more successful to obtain unreported data. We believe that a combination of both methods is likely to yield the best results in tracing missing data for systematic reviews. Journals should consider including social media links and non-institutional research profiles in addition to traditional methods for correspondence.
Differential prognosis of single and multiple TP53 abnormalities in high-count MBL and untreated CLL
Authors: Griffin Rosalie , Wiedmeier-Nutor Julia E. , Parikh Sameer A. , McCabe Chantal E. , O'Brien Daniel R. , Boddicker Nicholas J. , Kleinstern Geffen , Rabe Kari G. , Bruins Laura , Brown Sochilt , Bonolo de Campos Cecilia , Ding Wei , Leis Jose F. , Hampel Paul J. , Call Timothy G. , Van Dyke Daniel L. , Kay Neil E. , Cerhan James R. , Yan Huihuang , Slager Susan L. , Braggio Esteban 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
TP53 aberrations, including mutations and deletion of 17p13, are important adverse prognostic markers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but are less studied in high count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (HCMBL), an asymptomatic pre-malignant stage of CLL. Here we estimated the prevalence and impact of TP53 aberrations in 1,230 newly diagnosed treatment-naïve individuals (849 CLL, 381 HCMBL). We defined TP53 state as: wild-type (no TP53 mutations and normal 17p), single-hit (del(17p) or one TP53 mutation), or multi-hit (TP53 mutation and del(17p), TP53 mutation and loss of heterozygosity, or multiple TP53 mutations). Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for time to first treatment and overall survival by TP53 state. We found 64 (7.5%) CLL patients and 17 (4.5%) HCMBL individuals had TP53 mutations with variant allele fraction &gt;10%. Del(17p) was present in 58 (6.8%) of CLL and 11 (2.9%) of HCMBL cases. Most individuals had wild-type (N=1,128, 91.7%) TP53 state, followed by multi-hit (N=55, 4.5%) and then single-hit (N=47, 3.8%) TP53 state. The risk of shorter time to therapy and death increased with the number of TP53 abnormalities. Compared to wild-type patients, multi-hit patients had 3-fold and single-hit patients had 1.5-fold increased risk of requiring therapy. Multi-hit patients also had 2.9-fold increased risk of death compared to wild-type. These results remained stable after accounting for other known poor prognostic factors. Both TP53 mutations and del(17p) may provide important prognostic information for HCMBL and CLL that would be missed if only one were measured.
Distribution, remobilization and accumulation of organic contaminants by flood events in a meso-scaled catchment system
Authors: Schwanen Christina A. , Müller Jan , Schulte Philipp , Schwarzbauer Jan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Extreme weather events and natural disasters such as floods can cause severe damage and impacts on catchment systems covering natural as well as urban, industrial or agricultural areas. Thus, floods often lead to the acute and unusual release of organic pollutants, as well as the remobilization of legacy contaminations or old burdens. Floodplains are then of major relevance for the accumulation of pollutants. Accordingly, various floodplains distributed throughout the course of the Rur River were sampled immediately after two flood events in January/February and July 2021. The main objective was to address the general lack of knowledge on indirect effects of flooding and the corresponding distribution and accumulation of organic pollutants regarding different dimensions and dynamics of flood events.

Results
Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) based non-target screenings revealed the presence of several lipophilic to moderate polar organic pollutant groups, including PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), hopanes, PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), LABs (linear alkylbenzenes) and various other industrial substances. These substances are indicators of petrogenic pollution, historical and current industry in the catchment area, and of wastewater and urban pollution, respectively. In general, concentrations detected after the extreme summer flood were higher than in winter. This points to additional emission sources due to substantially higher discharges and consequently more severe flooding in July. The main tributaries also had a major influence on the input and concentrations of organic pollutants at the receiving Rur River. Further on, structural features such as dams and reservoirs, but also (re)naturalized areas were clearly recognizable in the flood-related dispersion of organic pollutants. Interestingly, LAB contamination was similar after both flood events regardless of the specific dimension.

Conclusions
Flood dimension and frequency are of great relevance for the distribution, remobilization and accumulation of organic contaminants. However, special attention should be given to the introduction of wastewater pollutants for any flood extent. Overall, organic indicators are therefore very useful to obtain information on specific distribution patterns and the influence of tributaries or structural measures, providing an important basis for the assessment of short- and long-term environmental risks and hazards.
EPO regulates neuronal differentiation of adult human neural-crest derived stem cells in a sex-specific manner
Authors: Niemann Tarek , Greiner Johannes F.W. , Kaltschmidt Christian , Kaltschmidt Barbara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Sexual differences in the biology of human stem cells are increasingly recognized to influence their proliferation, differentiation and maturation. Especially in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) or ischemic stroke, sex is a key player for disease progression and recovery of damaged tissue. Recently, the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (EPO) has been implicated as a regulator of neuronal differentiation and maturation in female rats.

Methods
In this study, we used adult human neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs) as a model system for exploring potential sex specific effects of EPO on human neuronal differentiation. We started with expression validation of the specific EPO receptor (EPOR) by performing PCR analysis in the NCSCs. Next, EPO mediated activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) via Immunocytochemistry (ICC) was performed, followed by investigating the sex-specific effects of EPO on neuronal differentiation by determining morphological changes in axonal growth and neurite formation accompanied by ICC.

Results
Undifferentiated male and female NCSCs showed a ubiquitous expression of the EPO receptor (EPOR). EPO treatment resulted in a statistically profound (male p = 0.0022, female p = 0.0012) nuclear translocation of NF-κB RELA in undifferentiated NCSCs of both sexes. But after one week of neuronal differentiation, we could show a highly significant (p = 0,0079) increase of nuclear NF-κB RELA in females only. In contrast, we observed a strong decrease (p = 0,0022) of RELA activation in male neuronal progenitors. Extending the view on the role of sex during human neuronal differentiation, here we demonstrate a significant increase of axon lengths in female NCSCs-derived neurons upon EPO-treatment (+ EPO: 167,73 (SD = 41,66) µm, w/o EPO: 77,68 (SD = 18,31) µm) compared to their male counterparts (+ EPO: 68,37 (SD = 11,97) µm, w/o EPO: 70,23 (SD = 12,89) µm).

Conclusion
Our present findings therefore show for the first time an EPO-driven sexual dimorphism in neuronal differentiation of human neural-crest derived stem cells and emphasize sex-specific variability as a crucial parameter in stem cell biology and for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
A realist evaluation of the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of a digital music and movement intervention for older people living in care homes
Authors: Ofosu E.F , De Nys L , Connelly J , Ryde G.C , Whittaker A.C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Low physical activity in care home residents brings about negative mental health consequences, such as higher levels of depression and loneliness. With advancements in communication technology, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the feasibility and effectiveness of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a digital Physical Activity (PA) resource in care homes deserve more research attention. A realist evaluation was used to uncover influencing factors of a feasibility study implementation to inform how a digital music and movement programme would work and under what circumstances this would be most effective.

Methods
Participants were 49 older adults (aged 65 years +) recruited across ten care homes in Scotland. Surveys were administered at baseline and post-intervention comprising psychometric questionnaires on multidimensional health markers validated in older adults with possible cognitive impairment. The intervention comprised 12 weeks of four prescribed digitally delivered movement (n = 3) and music-only (n = 1) sessions per week. An activity coordinator delivered these online resources in the care home. Post-intervention focus groups with staff and interviews with a sub-sample of participants were conducted to gain qualitative data on the acceptability of the intervention.

Results
Thirty three care home residents started the intervention, but only 18 residents (84% female) completed both pre- and post-intervention assessments. Activity coordinators (AC) offered 57% of the prescribed sessions, with an average residents’ adherence of 60%. Delivery of the intervention did not go as planned due to Covid restrictions in care homes and delivery challenges, including (1) motivation and engagement, (2) changes in cognitive impairment and disabilities of the participants, (3) death or hospitalisation of the participants and (4) limited staffing and technology resources to deliver the programme as intended.
Despite this, group participation and encouragement of residents supported the delivery and acceptance of the intervention, with ACs and residents reporting improved mood, physical health, job satisfaction and social support. Improvements with large effect sizes were found for anxiety, depression, loneliness, perceived stress and sleep satisfaction, but no changes in fear of falling, domains of general health or appetite.

Conclusion
This realist evaluation suggested that this digitally delivered movement and music intervention is feasible. From the findings, the initial programme theory was refined for future implementation of an RCT in other care homes but future research exploring how to tailor the intervention to those with cognitive impairment and/or lacking capacity to consent is needed.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05559203.
Incidence trends of oral cavity, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers among males in Taiwan, 1980–2019: a population-based cancer registry study
Authors: Tsai Yu-Shiun , Chen Yong-Chen , Chen Tzu-I , Lee Yu-Kwang , Chiang Chun-Ju , You San-Lin , Hsu Wan-Lun , Liao Li-Jen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn a country with a high prevalence of cigarette smoking, betel chewing, and alcohol drinking, cancers of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, and larynx were the fourth, twelfth and seventeenth leading causes of cancer death, respectively, for men in 2020. We analyzed patients with head and neck cancer from 1980 to 2019 from the Taiwan Cancer Registration Database and discussed the annual average percent change, average percent change, age period, and birth cohort. Obvious period effects and birth effects are seen in oral, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancer; however, the most significant period effect was seen between 1990 and 2009, which mainly reflects the consumption of betel nuts per capita. In addition, the period effect lessens after 2010 in oral cancer and hypopharyngeal cancers, while oropharyngeal cancers remain an obvious period effect, which results from the rising prevalence of HPV. Due to the high prevalence rate of betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking in the 1990s, the government executed several acts. As a result, the age-adjusted incidence rates of oral, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancers have flattened since 2010, which can be explained by the declining cigarette smoking rate. The strict policy indeed shows an obvious effect on the head and neck cancer incidence rates, and we expect to see a further decline in the future.