bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Surgically Treated Spinal Tumors: A Multicenter Surveillance Study of 9686 Patients from the German Spine Registry (DWG Register)
Authors: Walter Sebastian G. , Gaisendrees Christopher , Kernich Nikolaus , Weber Maximilian , Scheyerer Max J , Eysel Peer , Siewe Jan , Zarghooni Kourosh ,   DWG-Registry Study Group
Published: June 2023

AbstractTumors of the spine are challenging in terms of diagnoses and interdisciplinary treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate and characterize a large multicenter cohort of surgically treated spine tumor patients.Data of the German Spine Society (DWG) were used to characterize a cohort of all surgically treated spine tumor cases that were registered between 2017 and 2021. Subgroup analysis was performed for tumor entity, tumor localization, height of most severely affected segments, surgical treatment, and demographic parameters.In total, there were 9686 cases, of which 6747 were “malignant”, 1942 were “primary benign”, 180 were “tumor-like lesions”, and 488 were “other” spinal tumors. Subgroups showed differences in number of affected segments as well as localization. There were further significant differences in surgical complication rates (p = 0.003), age (p < 0.001), morbidity (p < 0.001), and duration of surgery (p = 0.004).This is a representative study on spinal tumors from a large spine registry and allows for the epidemiological characterization of surgically treated tumor subgroups and quality control of registry data.
Rehabilitation after Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System Sustained
During Fitness Training
Authors: Lang Chaochun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe relevance of this study comes from the fact that with the growing popularity
of fitness training, the number of injuries is also increasing. Injuries
sustained during fitness activity can result in interruptions to one's
daily life, loss of income, temporary or permanent disability. Along with
physical discomfort, injuries sustained during physical activity lead to
post-traumatic emotional reactions, often associated with depression, tension,
anger and low self-esteem. All of these factors contribute to a deterioration in
the overall quality of life of people who initially strive for an active and
healthy lifestyle. Therefore, this article aims to identify effective techniques
for the swift recovery process following injuries sustained during fitness
activities. This treatment should include not only the physical but also the
psycho-emotional aspect of rehabilitation. The leading investigation approach
was a comprehensive theoretical research method, which led to the development of
an innovative approach to rehabilitation after fitness injuries. The uniqueness
of this method is that it was both individually oriented and universally
accessible, regardless of the condition of the injured person. The study
presents statistics of injuries and their classification after fitness sessions
describes characteristic psycho-emotional disorders associated with
post-traumatic syndrome, outlines methods of rehabilitation and substantiates
its use for effective comprehensive recovery of people striving to lead an
active life. The materials of this article are of practical value for trainers
of fitness centres of all specialisations, doctors of rehabilitation centres,
family doctors, and physiotherapists, who will be able to apply this method of
rehabilitation directly and thus improve the quality of life of the patient,
helping them to regain an active lifestyle and restore their psycho-emotional
health.
Pterional Approach for Anterior Skull Base Midline Meningiomas against “The More The Merrier” Approach: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Gowtham Matham , Gowda Akhilesh G.B. , Rajeev Sreenath Prabha , Abraham Mathew , Easwer H.V. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective Anterior midline skull base meningiomas involving olfactory groove, planum sphenoidale, and tuberculum sellae were usually managed with bifrontal craniotomy until the dawn of advanced microsurgical techniques. With the emergence of microsurgical techniques, midline meningiomas could be tackled solely from a unilateral pterional approach. We present our experience with pterional approach in managing anterior skull base midline meningiomas, including the technical nuances and outcomes.
Methods Fifty-nine patients who underwent excision of anterior skull base midline meningiomas through a unilateral pterional craniotomy between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical technique and patient outcomes in the context of visual, behavioral, olfaction, and quality of life were evaluated during the follow-up.
Results A total of 59 consecutive patients were assessed over an average follow-up period of 26.6 months. Twenty-one (35.5%) patients had planum sphenoidale meningioma. Olfactory groove and tuberculum sellae meningioma groups consist of 19 (32%) patients each. Visual disturbance was the predominant symptom with almost 68% of patients presented with it. A total of 55 (93%) patients had complete excision of the tumor with 40 patients (68%) achieving Simpson grade II excision, and 11 (19%) patients had Simpson grade I excision. Among operated cases, 24 patients (40%) had postoperative edema among which 3 (5%) patients had irritability and 1 patient had diffuse edema requiring postoperative ventilation. Only 15 (24.6%) patients had contusion of the frontal lobe and were managed conservatively. Five patients (50%) with seizures had an association with contusion. Sixty-seven percent of patients had improvements in vision and 15% of patients had a stable vision. Only eight (13%) patients had postoperative focal deficits. Ten percent of patients had new-onset anosmia. The average Karnofsky score was improved. Only two patients had recurrence during follow-up.
Conclusion A unilateral pterional craniotomy is a versatile approach for the excision of anterior midline skull base meningioma, even for the larger lesions. The ability of this approach in the visualization of posterior neurovascular structures at the earlier stages of surgery while avoiding the opposite frontal lobe retraction and frontal sinus opening makes this approach more preferable over the other approaches.
Current and Future Developments in Wound Healing
Authors: Davis Morgan , Hom David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPoor wound healing on the face and neck can lead to significant morbidity and dissatisfaction in facial plastic surgery. With current advances in wound healing management and commercially available biologic and tissue-engineered products, there are several options available to optimize acute wound healing and treat delayed or chronic wounds. This article summarizes some of the key principals and recent developments in wound healing research in addition to potential future advancements in the field of soft tissue wound healing.
Cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities experienced by small-scale African migrant traders in Southern Africa
Authors: Kariuki Paul , Ofusori Lizzy Oluwatoyin , Subramaniam Prabhakar Rontala 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCybersecurity threats have increased as the world becomes increasingly interconnected. Whilst the use of technology to facilitate commercial activities is now common practice, there is a need to limit exposure to these threats so that traders can transact safely. This study aimed to identify and analyse common cybersecurity vulnerabilities and threats experienced by small-scale African migrant traders in Southern Africa. A qualitative approach was employed and semi-structured and key informant interviews were conducted to gather the primary data, with secondary data sourced from the relevant literature. The study found that the majority of the small-scale traders experienced hacking while using their mobile devices for transacting. Moreover, most reported a lack of knowledge of cybersecurity and were therefore vulnerable to further threats. It is recommended that small-scale traders be capacitated with relevant technical information to enhance their understanding of cybersecurity risks that can negatively affect their commercial activities. There is also a need for further research to identify mitigation techniques and infrastructure to protect small-scale traders.
In-plane heterostructured MoN/Mo2N nanosheets as high-efficiency electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Luo Xiuen , Song Hao , Ren Yulei , Zhang Xuming , Huo Kaifu , Chu Paul K. 
Published: June 2023

Economical and efficient electrocatalysts are crucial to the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water splitting to produce hydrogen. Heterostructured electrocatalysts generally exhibit enhanced HER catalytic activity due to the strong electron coupling effects and synergistic optimization of hydrogen adsorption–desorption. Herein, in-plane heterostructured MoN/Mo2N nanosheets are fabricated as high-efficiency HER electrocatalysts in the alkaline medium from bulk MoS2 by molten salt-assisted synthesis. Density-functional theory calculations and experiments show that the in-plane heterostructured MoN/Mo2N nanosheets facilitate interfacial electron redistribution from Mo2N to MoN, giving rise to more negative H2O adsorption energy and optimal hydrogen adsorption free energy (ΔGH* = −0.017 eV). Consequently, a low overpotential of 126 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 69.5 mV dec−1 are achieved in the 1M KOH electrolyte, demonstrating excellent HER characteristics. Moreover, the overpotential shows negligible change after operating at 50 mA cm−2 for 12 h, confirming the excellent stability. The results reveal a novel and effective strategy to design highly efficient 2D in-plane heterostructured HER electrocatalysts for water splitting.
Study of plasma meniscus including surface produce negative ions by using PIC-MCC simulation
Authors: Miyamoto K. , Hayashi K. , Hoshino K. , Hatayama A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In general, a quality of negative ion beam optics is determined by the shape of the plasma
meniscus, which is an ion emitting surface. In this study, the key parameters to control the
plasma meniscus and relevant physical structure in the electronegative plasma including the
surface produced H- ions is investigated by using PIC-MCC simulation. The region
from the source plasma up to the accelerator is modeled for a single aperture, and thus, the
plasma meniscus can be obtained self-consistently. Parameter survey for the net flux of surface
produced H- ion is conducted by varing the numbers of the surface produced
H- ion super-particles per timestep in order to investigate the effcet of the
electronegativity, that is, the ratio of the negative ion density to the electron density. It is
shown that the effective distance d
eff, between the
plasma meniscus and the extraction grid depends on the electronegativity as well as the plasma
density. Especially, the effective distance d
eff,
decreases with the increase of the electronegativity under the constant plasma density, which
means that the shape of the plasma meniscus becomes flat or convex rather than concave. Moreover,
it is also verified that the electronegativity affects the H- ion
trajectories extracted from

near the
edge of plasma meniscus through the shape of
plasma meniscus.
scHiMe: predicting single-cell DNA methylation levels based on single-cell Hi-C data
Authors: Zhu Hao , Liu Tong , Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Recently a biochemistry experiment named methyl-3C was developed to simultaneously capture the chromosomal conformations and DNA methylation levels on individual single cells. However, the number of data sets generated from this experiment is still small in the scientific community compared with the greater amount of single-cell Hi-C data generated from separate single cells. Therefore, a computational tool to predict single-cell methylation levels based on single-cell Hi-C data on the same individual cells is needed. We developed a graph transformer named scHiMe to accurately predict the base-pair-specific (bp-specific) methylation levels based on both single-cell Hi-C data and DNA nucleotide sequences. We benchmarked scHiMe for predicting the bp-specific methylation levels on all of the promoters of the human genome, all of the promoter regions together with the corresponding first exon and intron regions, and random regions on the whole genome. Our evaluation showed a high consistency between the predicted and methyl-3C-detected methylation levels. Moreover, the predicted DNA methylation levels resulted in accurate classifications of cells into different cell types, which indicated that our algorithm successfully captured the cell-to-cell variability in the single-cell Hi-C data. scHiMe is freely available at http://dna.cs.miami.edu/scHiMe/.
The Abu Dhabi Global Market and Its Transplant of English Private Law
Authors: Bantekas Ilias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A grand experiment took place in the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM). This relatively new special economic zone adopted English law as its operational law through a decision by which such a transplant would become instantly applicable. While such instant transplants have generally not fared well in the past, in the present instance, the ADGM experiment seems to have produced tangible outcomes. This is largely due to the fact that the introduction of English law was accompanied by the establishment of a court composed of judges with vast experience in the application of statutory and common law. In addition, both the court and its various stakeholders are in ‘dialogue’ with the courts and institutions of England, in the sense that English precedent is generally followed subject to the exigence of the ADGM. This species of transplant is viewed by the author as a successful model, albeit one suitable for a jurisdiction with significant financial resources.
Energetic costs increase with faster heating in an aquatic ectotherm
Authors: Harding Lucy , Jackson Andrew L , Payne Nicholas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The thermal sensitivity of metabolism is widely studied due to its perceived importance for organismal fitness and resilience to future climate change. Almost all such studies estimate metabolism at a variety of constant temperatures, with very little work exploring how metabolism varies during temperature change. However, temperature in nature is rarely static, so our existing understanding from experiments may not reflect how temperature influences metabolism in natural systems. Using closed-chamber respirometry, we estimated the aerobic metabolic rate of an aquatic ectotherm, the Atlantic ditch shrimp Palaemonetes varians, under varying thermal conditions. We continuously measured oxygen consumption of shrimp during heating, cooling and constant temperatures, starting trials at a range of acclimation temperatures and exposing shrimp to a variety of rates of temperature change. In a broad sense, cumulative oxygen consumption estimated from static temperature exposures corresponded to estimates derived from ramping experiments. However, further analyses showed that oxygen consumption increases for both faster heating and faster cooling, with rapid heating driving higher metabolic rates than if shrimp were warmed slowly. These results suggest a systematic influence of heating rate on the thermal sensitivity of metabolism. With influential concepts such as the metabolic theory of ecology founded in data from constant temperature experiments, our results encourage further exploration of how variable temperature impacts organism energetics, and to test the generality of our findings across species. This is especially important given climate forecasts of heat waves that are characterised by both increased temperatures and faster rates of change.
Releasing and tracking the distribution of adventive Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in Virginia
Authors: Bergh J Christopher , Talamas Elijah J , Brandt Samuel N , Edwards Ashley , MacRae Lucinda , Monger Grace , Bowen Jason , Lawrence Katherine , Reed Kathleen , Pottorff Steve 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adventive populations of Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead), an egg parasitoid of the invasive agricultural pest, brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), have been detected in the United States since 2014. Given its importance as an H. halys biocontrol agent, efforts to redistribute T. japonicus began within some US states. Our surveillance for T. japonicus in northwestern Virginia in 2016–2017 yielded annual detections only in 1 county. Thus, to promote its broader establishment, releases of H. halys egg masses parasitized by T. japonicus from Virginia occurred in 2018 (2 releases) and 2020 (1 release) at 9 sites throughout Virginia’s tree fruit production regions. Monitoring of T. japonicus and H. halys, using yellow sticky cards deployed in H. halys host trees and pheromone-baited sticky traps, respectively, was conducted from 2018 to 2022. Annual captures of H. halys adults and nymphs appeared to reflect adequate populations to support T. japonicus establishment across most or all sites. Prerelease monitoring yielded a single T. japonicus at 1 site. By 2022, T. japonicus was detected at or near 7 of the remaining 8 release sites, with first detections varying between 1 and 2 yr from the releases in 2018 and 2020. Captures at most sites were very low, but establishment at several locations was indicated by detections in 2–4 seasons. In 2022, T. japonicus surveillance at 11 additional sites in northwestern Virginia yielded detections at all locations, including those at which it had not been detected in 2016–2017, providing evidence for its range expansion.
Prolonged adrenocortical blockade following discontinuation of Osilodrostat
Authors: Poirier Jonathan , Bonnet-Serrano Fidéline , Thomeret Louis , Bouys Lucas , Bertherat Jérôme 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Osilodrostat is the newest approved steroidogenic inhibitor drug for the treatment of hypercortisolism. In this article, we describe 3 patients who experienced a previously undescribed adverse event: a prolonged adrenocortical blockade following treatment cessation.

Methods
Patient records showing a history of successful hypercortisolism control with Osilodrostat followed by at least 4 weeks of treatment interruption were reviewed. Patient characteristics and hormonal dosage were analyzed.

Results
Persistence of adrenocortical blockade was found in 3 patients and lasted from 6 weeks to 9 months depending on patients. This phenomenon manifested in patients regardless of lower or higher daily Osilodrostat doses (2-10 mg) and total treatment duration did not seem to predict the severity of the blockade.

Conclusion
The finding of this previously undescribed side effect highlights the importance of continuing adrenal function monitoring after Osilodrostat interruption to prevent adrenal crisis in patients at risk.
East is east … or is it? Racialization of Asian, Middle Eastern, and Pacific Islander persons
Authors: Gee Gilbert C , Chien Jessie , Sharif Mienah Z , Penaia Corina , Tran Emma 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The conventional use of racial categories in health research naturalizes “race” in problematic ways that ignore how racial categories function in service of a White-dominated racial hierarchy. In many respects, racial labels are based on geographic designations. For instance, “Asians” are from Asia. Yet, this is not always a tenable proposition. For example, Afghanistan resides in South Asia, and shares a border with China and Pakistan. Yet, people from Afghanistan are not considered Asian, but Middle Eastern, by the US Census. Furthermore, people on the west side of the Island of New Guinea are considered Asian, whereas those on the eastern side are considered Pacific Islander. In this article, we discuss the complexity of the racial labels related to people originating from Oceania and Asia, and, more specifically, those groups commonly referred to as Pacific Islander, Middle Eastern, and Asian. We begin with considerations of the aggregation fallacy. Just as the ecological fallacy refers to erroneous inferences about individuals from group data, the aggregation fallacy refers to erroneous inferences about subgroups (eg, Hmong) from group data (ie, all Asian Americans), and how these inferences can contribute to stereotypes such as the “model minority.” We also examine how group averages can be influenced merely by the composition of the subgroups, and how these, in turn, can be influenced by social policies. We provide a historical overview of some of the issues facing Pacific Islander, Middle Eastern, and Asian communities, and conclude with directions for future research.
European review of agricultural economics—50th anniversary retrospective
Authors: Di Falco Salvatore , Lagerkvist Carl-Johan , Nauges Céline , Richards Timothy J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this article, we celebrate the first 50 years of the European Review of Agricultural Economics. We intend to convey some understanding of how the interests of European Review of Agricultural Economics (ERAE) readers change over time as a reflection of how shifting interests show up in our research. To document how the issues, methods, and content of the ERAE evolve over time, we summarise the content of the top-cited articles by decade. We conclude with a summary, and our thoughts as to where applied economics research in the Review may go over the next 50 years.
Work-limiting musculoskeletal pain and its association with loss of paid employment among senior workers: prospective cohort study with register follow-up
Authors: Skovlund Sebastian Venge , Vinstrup Jonas , Sundstrup Emil , Andersen Lars Louis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundA growing population of elderly necessitates a sharpened focus on sustainable employment through aging. Physically demanding work can be challenging, especially for senior workers. Establishing determinants of labor market participation could guide policy development and preventive efforts at the workplaces aiming at keeping senior workers longer in the labor market.MethodsWe used data from SeniorWorkingLife, a comprehensive questionnaire survey among a representative sample of Danish +50-year workers, and investigated the prospective association between self-reported work limitations due to musculoskeletal pain (‘work-limiting pain’) in 2018 and register-based loss of paid employment before state pension age at 2-year follow-up among +50-year Danish workers with physically demanding work (n = 3050).ResultsResults showed that work-limiting pain increased the risk of loss of paid employment before the state pension age in a progressive manner, i.e. the higher degree of work-limiting pain, the higher risk of loss of paid employment (P &lt; 0.001). Experiencing a low degree of work-limiting pain was associated with an 18% increased risk of loss of paid employment [risk ratio (RR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–1.21], whereas experiencing a very high degree of work-limiting pain increased the risk of loss of paid employment by 155% (RR: 2.55, 95% CI: 2.43–2.69) compared to no work-limiting pain.ConclusionIn conclusion, work-limiting pain constitutes an important risk factor for loss of paid employment among senior workers with physically demanding work, and effective preventive efforts at both policy and workplace levels should be documented and implemented.