bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Improvement Increases Pediatric Community Hospital Smoking Cessation Interventions
Authors: Daniel Emily , Lu Lancy , Nunez-Davis Rosemary , Thiara Arvinder , Tahai Mina , Sommers Maggie , Hamline Michelle Y. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
Tobacco use commonly starts during adolescence and is the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure increases asthma and respiratory infection hospitalizations and contributes to sudden unexpected infant death. Few pediatric hospitalist-led smoking cessation studies are formal quality improvement (QI), with most at academic institutions and studying caregivers.

OBJECTIVES
To increase SHS exposure/tobacco use screening, smoking cessation discharge instructions, and Smokers’ Helpline referrals for community hospital pediatric patients/caregivers through QI.

METHODS
All pediatric, newborn, and NICU admissions were eligible. The baseline period was December 2019 through November 2020 and intervention period December 2020 through June 2021. Interventions included hospitalist education, standardizing documentation, visual reminders, and Helpline wallet cards. The primary measure was monthly percentage of patients screened for SHS exposure/tobacco use. Secondary measures were percentage of patients/caregivers positive for SHS exposure/tobacco use who received (1) discharge instructions or (2) Helpline referral. Length of stay was a balancing measure. Primary and balancing measures were analyzed with statistical process control. Secondary measures were monitored on run charts.

RESULTS
Average SHS exposure/tobacco use screening rates increased from 14% to 90%, meeting special cause variation beginning December 2020. Median discharge instructions increased from 0% to 56%. Helpline referrals increased from 0% to 17%. Length of stay remained approximately 2 days.

CONCLUSIONS
Pediatrician-led QI can increase SHS exposure/tobacco use screening and interventions in the community hospital setting to encourage smoke exposure reduction and smoking cessation for patients and caregivers.
ВЗАЄМОДІЯ МІЖ ЕТАНОЛАМІНОМ І АМІЛАЦЕТАТОМ: АСПЕКТИ КІНЕТИКИ
Authors: Мельник Степан Р. , Данилюк Роман В. , Мельник Юрій Р. 
Published: May 2023

Запропоновано схему перетворень за участю етаноламіну, н-амілацетату та продуктів їх взаємодії в реакціях трансестерифікації, амінолізу та O-N-ацил міграції в присутності каталізатора – Н-катіоніту. Встановлений характер накопичення N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду, 2-аміноетилацетату та 2-(ацетиламіно)етилацетату показав, що кінцевим продуктом перетворень є N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетамід. Значення констант швидкості, визначені для квазігомогенної моделі реакції, вказують на суттєву роль реакцій амінолізу під час взаємодії етаноламіну і н-амілацетату в присутності Н-катіоніту. Зокрема на перебіг з високою швидкістю реакцій утворення амідів взаємодією етаноламіну і н-амілацетату, 2-аміноетилацетату, або 2-(ацетиламіно)етилацетату вказують високі значення констант швидкостей цих реакцій. Показано, що запропонована кінетична модель адекватно описує процес одержання N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду з етаноламіну і н-амілацетату. Розраховано значення преекспонент констант швидкості, енергії, ентропії та ентальпії активації вказаних реакцій. Встановлено, зокрема, що найнижча енергія активації (15.8 кДж∙моль–1) властива для реакції утворення N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду амінолізом н-амілацетату етаноламіном, а найвища (89.1 кДж∙моль–1) – для реакції утворення 2-(ацетиламіно)етилацетату взаємодією N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду та н-амілацетату. Виявлено лінійну залежність між логарифмами преекспонент констант швидкості реакцій та їхніми енергіями активації, а також між ентальпією і ентропією активації. Зроблено припущення про наявність компенсаційного ефекту та відсутність ізокінетичного ефекту для всієї сукупності реакцій. Результати дослідження є основою для математичного моделювання технологічного процесу одержання N-(2-гідроксиетил)ацетаміду з етаноламіну та н-амілацетату.
Historia de la masonería escocesa en Chile de Felipe Santiago del Solar
Authors: Cortes Quintana Ivonne 
Published: May 2023

Reseña
Historia de la masonería escocesa en Chile. Volumen I: Arquitectos del Supremo Consejo de Felipe Santiago del Solar. Santiago: Supremo Consejo del Grado XXXIII, 2020. 193 páginas. ISBN 978-956-402-262-8.
21. YÜZYILDA DÜNYADA KURUMLARIN YÖNETİM KADEMELERİNDEKİ SORUNSAL: CİNSİYET AYRIMCILIĞI
Authors: ÜSTE Rabia , CEM Sırrı 
Published: May 2023

Yapılan bu çalışmada, temel olarak 21. yüzyılda ABD, Avrupa, Asya ülkeleri ile Türkiye’de yönetim kademelerinde yer alan kadınların karşılaştıkları cinsiyet ayrımcılığı sorunlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Birinci kısımda, cinsiyet ayrımcılığının ülkelerdeki mevcut durumuna yönelik literatür bulguları özetlenmiştir. İkinci kısımda, Türkiye’de kamu yönetimi ve özel sektörde kadın yöneticilerin karşılaştıkları sorunlar ve çözüm önerilerine yönelik bilgiler verilmiştir.
Cinsiyet ayrımcılığı araştırmalarının çoğu, cinsiyet ayrımcılığının tek yönüne odaklanmasına rağmen çalışmada değişik ülkelere ait mobbing, fiziksel taciz, kariyer gelişimi olumsuzlukları ve ücret farklılıkları gibi çeşitli temel konulara değinilmiştir. Konu, hem kadın çalışanlar hem de kadın yöneticiler açısından ele alınmıştır. Diğer yandan farklı ülkelerde, içinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılda cinsiyet ayrımcılığına nasıl bakıldığı, bunlara ait çalışmaların bulgularının neler olabileceği, konunun evrensel bir bütünlük içinde dikkate alınmasının neden önemli olduğu sorularına da cevap aranmıştır. Çünkü farklı ülkeler ve kültürlerde çalışan ve yöneticilik yapan kadınların sorunlarının aynı olduğuna yönelik tespitler ve bunların toplumlarda çözüme yönelik karşılığının neler olduğu da inceleme konuları arasındadır.
Tectonics and seismicity of the southern Washington Cascade Range
Authors: Stanley W. D. , Johnson S. Y. , Qamar A. I. , Weaver C. S. , Williams J. M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Geophysical, geological, and seismicity data are combined to develop a transpressional strain model for the southern Washington Cascades region. We use this model to explain oblique fold and fault systems, transverse faults, and a linear seismic zone just west of Mt. Rainier known as the western Rainier zone. We also attempt to explain a concentration of earthquakes that connects the northwest-trending Mount St. Helens seismic zone to the north-trending western Rainier zone. Our tectonic model illustrates the pervasive effects of accretionary processes, combined with subsequent transpressive forces generated by oblique subduction, on Eocene to present crustal processes, such as seismicity and volcanism.
Array analysis of core-phase caustic signals from underground nuclear explosions: Discrimination of closely spaced explosions
Authors: Schlittenhardt Jörg 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The GRF (Gräfenberg) seismic array in Germany is located at epicentral distances immediately before the PKP caustic B generated by underground nuclear explosions on the French atolls Mururoa and Fangataufa in the South Pacific. I use the large-amplitude PKP waveforms to improve the locations of underground explosions near these French atolls. The core phases are investigated using theoretical seismograms calculated with an extended reflectivity method. Near the caustic range, the waveforms are strongly distance dependent due to a rapid decrease in PKPdiff amplitudes before the caustic B. On the basis of their different slownesses, beam-forming and velocity-spectral (vespagram) analyses are used to identify PKPdiff, PKIKP, and PKiKP, which arrive within a few seconds of each other. Amplitudes and travel times of the weak secondary arrivals PKIKP and PKiKP are measured from the corresponding beams using a matched-filter technique. Theoretical seismograms show a change in the amplitude ratio PKIKP/PKPdiff by a factor of 2 for explosions separated by 30 km. This distance-dependent amplitude ratio is tested as a discriminant for closely spaced explosions using 31 Mururoa and five Fangataufa events. On average, the observed amplitude ratios agree with the theoretically expected amplitude-ratio behavior with distance. A combined analysis of travel time and amplitude data indicates that the investigated Mururoa explosions were detonated beneath a relatively large area of the atoll (ca. 80%), whereas on Fangataufa, explosion epicenters were concentrated within a small portion of the island. This finding contrasts the ISC/PDE epicenter determinations, which, due to insufficient station coverage, locate the majority of the explosions outside of the rim of the atolls.
The use of foreshocks in probabilistic prediction along the Japan and Kuril trenches
Authors: Maeda Kenji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article is intended to evaluate the probabilities of occurrence of mainshocks immediately after the occurrence of possible foreshocks and propose an optimal prediction algorithm based on possible foreshocks along the Japan and Kuril trenches and also to investigate the regional variation of foreshock activity in that region. Every earthquake or earthquake cluster defined specifically, except for small aftershocks, is treated as a possible foreshock. The parameters for defining possible foreshocks are magnitude (Mf), the size of square segment [D° (latitude) × D° (longitude)], time interval (Tf), and the number of earthquakes (Nf) having occurred in that space-time. However, Tf is fixed at 10 days in this study. The expected space of mainshocks to occur is defined as the segment where proposed foreshocks have occurred, and the expected time interval (Ta) is varied as a parameter. To estimate the probabilities of occurrence of mainshocks with magnitude ≧Mm0 after the occurrence of possible foreshocks, the following three indices, alarm rate (AR), truth rate (TR), and probability gain (PG) are adopted. The parameters of Nf, Mf, D, and Ta have a significant effect on evaluating the probabilities. The optimal values of parameters for possible foreshocks, which may provide us with a totally performed prediction algorithm, are estimated on the basis of the Precursor Information Criterion (PIC) by using the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) hypocenter catalog data from 1980 to 1993. The estimated values are Mf ≧ 5, Nf = 3, Ta = 5 days, and D = 0.5° for mainshocks with magnitude ≧6, which give a set of values of 13%, 25%, 617, and 75 to AR, TR, PG, and PIC, respectively; and Mf ≧ 4, Nf = 1, Ta = 1 day, and D = 0.25° for mainshocks with magnitude ≧5, which give values of 9%, 0.8%, 56, and 220 to the same indices as above. Moreover, it is found by using the data from 1926 to 1993 that there is a strong regional variation of foreshock activity; that is, four regions exhibit high activity of foreshocks, and the deeper the hypocenter of the mainshock, the smaller the percentage of mainshocks preceded by foreshocks.
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of gram-negative bacterial isolates with special mention on colistin resistance from Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care hospital: a prospective study assessing the impact of microbial resistance on clinical outcomes
Authors: Ravi Preethika , C. Ravindranath , S. Deepa 
Published: May 2023

Background: The frequent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in ICU leads to increased rates of antimicrobial resistance and occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) micro-organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance pattern and colistin susceptibility among bacterial isolates from ICU patients.
Method: It is a prospective study with 70 nonrepetitive isolates from ICU samples. The clinical data was obtained from the department records. The gram-negative bacterial isolates were identified by conventional biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. ESBL producers were detected by double disc diffusion test using ceftazidime, cefotaxime alone and in combination with clavulanic acid. MBL detection was done by imipenem+ EDTA combined disc diffusion test. Colistin sensitivity was determined by broth microdilution according to CLSI guidelines.
Results: Out of 70 culture positive specimens. The most common gram-negative bacteria isolated from the samples was Acinetobacter spp. (41%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (20%). Among these 45% were MBL producers, 38.5% were ESBL producers and 14% were both ESBL and MBL producers. Colistin resistance was present among 5.7% isolates in ICU.
Conclusions: Non-fermenters were the most common agent causing ICU infections. An alarmingly high rate of resistance to antibiotics especially to colistin in ICU-acquired infections, necessitates new therapeutic strategies to prevent the emergence and control of antimicrobial resistance.
An overview of laparoscopic closure of duodenal perforation in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Kshetrimayum Gobind , Sanjenbam Shyamchand , Vumkhoching Rosemary , Khumallambam Ibomcha , Achom Ranjita , Ingudam Mahendra , Thokchom Amataleima 
Published: May 2023

Duodenal ulcer perforation is one of the most commonly encountered condition in emergency surgery. Laparoscopic repair of the perforation has been reported in many cases since the first laparoscopic repair of a duodenal perforation in the year 1990 by Mouret et al. Aim and objectives were to study the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic repair of duodenal perforation in terms of duration of surgery, post operative pain, initiation of oral feeds, surgical site infection and duration of hospital stay. Over a 2 year period, 2018-2020, 20 patients with a presumptive diagnosis of perforated duodenal ulcers were considered for laparoscopic closure. Primary closure of the perforation was done with intracorporeal suturing followed by omental patch repair. The mean age was 38.75±8.53 years, mean duration of surgery was 97.80±7.89 minutes. The mean number of analgesic injection was 2.90±0.72. The mean duration of initiation of oral feeds was 3.20±0.41 days. The mean duration of removal of drain was 4.65±0.75 days and mean duration of hospital stay was 6.20±0.41 days. No intraoperative complications encountered. Postoperatively, none of the patients develop wound infections. In our setting, laparoscopic closure was found to be safe and a promising method in management of duodenal perforation as it appears to be more beneficial in terms of decreased post-operative pain, early initiation of oral feeds, decreased length of hospital stay and no major complications postoperatively. However, the procedure requires a surgeon with particular expertise in endoscopic suturing skills.
Analysis of histopathological findings of breast biopsies at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Shah Bimal , Shah Mita , Degloorkar Sarang , Parab Sanjay , Vijay Ria 
Published: May 2023

Background: In India, breast cancer has become a leading cause of cancer death. The indication of a breast lump can be cause of great concern in most patients. While most of the lumps are benign in nature, there is a possibility of an increased risk of developing premalignant lesions. Any breast mass/lump requires histological diagnosis to get a clear picture of the lump associated problems.
Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive and a cross-sectional study of all the patients with breast lumps seen in Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute from January 2018 till March 2022. Histopathology reports of breast biopsies of patients required at Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute were included in the study.
Results: The total number of cases of breast biopsies available were 449. These cases are grouped into benign and malignant cases which comprise of 276 (61.47%) and 173 (38.53%) cases respectively. The most common benign diagnosis observed was fibroadenoma which accounted for 184 (66.67%) cases. Based on age grouping, the 21-40 age group contained the maximum number of benign cases. The most common malignancy observed was of ductal carcinoma with 163 (94.21%) cases. Based on age grouping, the age group of 41-60 contained the maximum number of malignant cases.
Conclusions: It is imperative that all breast lesions should undergo biopsies irrespective of clinical findings for the following reasons: rising incidence of breast cancer, to rule out/confirm malignancy and to complete the diagnostic triad of clinical diagnosis, radiology and pathology.
Selective nerve root block for management of symptomatic lumbosacral disc bulge causing radicular pain: A case series
Authors: Ghag Niranjan Sunil , Ambulgekar Rajesh Kishanrao , Ahire Priyanka Tanaji , Gautam Sudhanshu Kumar Gulabchand 
Published: May 2023

: Back pain being the most common complaint faced by medical practitioner poses a great burden over health system. Clinical examination, MRI helps in making diagnosis in this spectrum of diseases. Of many modalities available selective nerve root block offer a micro invasive alternative for treatment and even evaluation of patients. Peri-ganglionic selective nerve root block given in patient after complete clinical and radiological evaluation of patient. Patient was postoperatively followed up for 6 months with augmentation with physiotherapy and traction. Functional evaluation of patient done using VAS score, Modified Oswestry lower back pain disability questionnaire 6 months post-operatively.: 25 patients included in this study showed a female prevalence with majority patients from 45-60 years of age group. L4 was the most common nerve root involved. In the study significant reduction in VAS score, Modified Oswestry lower back pain disability questionnaire score 6 month post-operatively found. VAS score was reduced from 8.24 to 3.28 and Modified Oswestry lower back pain disability questionnaire score from 31 to 12.76.: Selective nerve root block is an effective method for evaluation and treatment of degenerative spine diseases patients. Which provide significant pain and symptomatic relief. Accompanied with vigorous back strengthening exercises this can offer a good functional outcome. This can act as a good screening tool for patients with degenerative spine diseases without red-flag signs for operative intervention. Future studies are warranted on this with larger sample size.
Investigation the impact of liraglutide on the thyroid function tests
Authors: URHAN Emre 
Published: May 2023

Aim: Liraglutide is a once-daily glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP‑1 RA) which is an incretin hormone secreted from intestinal L cells in response to nutritional intake and stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion, decreases hepatic glucagon secretion, slows gastric emptying, provides a feeling of satiety and is the first GLP‑1 RA to be indicated for weight loss treatment for obesity. The impact of liraglutide on thyroid function tests is unknown and to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies on this regard. Our aim is to compare thyroid function tests, other biochemical and hemogram parameters before and 6 months after liraglutide treatment.
Material and Methods: The patients, 18-65 years old, who used liraglutide for at least 6 months due to obesity treatment between January 2021 and January 2023 in Burdur State Hospital were included.
Results: There were 51 patients (39 female, 12 male) using liraglutide without thyroid disease during the study period. Twelve patients discontinued liraglutide use before the 6th month of treatment was completed. Weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values were significantly lower at the 6th month of treatment. Free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) values were similar. and there was no difference other biochemical and hemogram parameters between before and 6 months after treatment
Conclusion: We found a significant decrease in TSH values and improvement in metabolic parameters, but no change in thyroid hormone levels.
Does intra-procedural enlightenment change the level of anxiety and pain in scheduled breast ultrasonography?
Authors: ULU ÖZTÜRK Funda , TEZCAN Şehnaz 
Published: May 2023

Aim: Scheduled breast ultrasounds are stressful procedures for women. We aimed to study the effect of informing patients during breast ultrasound and investigate associated anxiety and pain alterations.
Material and Methods: After approval of the state hospital ethics committee and informed consent, women scheduled for breast ultrasound between November 2022 and March 2023 were prospectively enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Patients were either informed during the ultrasound about the procedure itself or not. The participants completed State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for measuring anxiety and visual analog scale for pain scores, immediately before and after the examination. Demographic data, anxiety and pain scores were statistically evaluated by using chi-square test, independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. The alteration of anxiety and pain scores considering enlightenment were compared with paired samples t-test and Wilcoxon test.
Results: Among 143 patients, preprocedural anxiety was lower in oncological follow-ups and higher in positive clinical breast examination, breast self-examination and mammography subgroups. Trait and preprocedural state anxiety scores were similar between the two groups regarding enlightenment. Anxiety and pain reduction was observed after ultrasound and both were statistically significant in the informed group (p
The Role of Regional Honor Council In Maintaining The Honor of Notary Position
Authors: Nugrahaningsih Isro Vita 
Published: May 2023

A profession that in carrying out its duties, functions and authorities requires an ethics, so does a Notary. So the code of ethics is used as a guideline for the behavior of members of the profession in acting and behaving. The existence of a Notary code of ethics aims to make the Notary profession run professionally with motivation and orientation to intellectual skills as well as rational and critical argumentation as well as upholding moral values. So that the notary in carrying out his position is supervised by the Notary Honorary Council, because this supervisory function is very necessary so that the Notary does not ignore the nobility and dignity of his profession. Writing this article aims to identify, examine and analyze the role of the Honorary Board in maintaining the honor of the position of Notary Public by upholding a code of ethics. This writing uses a normative juridical approach, using primary and secondary legal sources. Primary legal materials are obtained from laws and regulations and secondary legal materials are obtained from library materials, archives, and documents related to the object of research. The results of the discussion show that the position of the Honorary Board in the Notary organization has a strategic and important role in enforcing the code of ethics as an effort to maintain the honor of a notary. The Ethics Council will supervise so that there are no violations committed by the Notary, such as signing the deed without dealing with the client and the Notary, Setting substandard rates, Carrying out efforts that can lead to unfair competition, Name sign issues and changing addresses are not reported. The obstacles faced by the Honorary Council were the increasing number of Notaries, the formation of the Honorary Council which only numbered three people and was collective in nature. The Honorary Council in enforcing the Notary's code of ethics identifies, evaluates and improves the supervisory system for Notaries so that violations of the code of ethics can be minimized, the Honorary Council makes strategic steps to be implemented and used according to the objectives to be achieved.
KEYWORDS: Code of Ethics, Honor Council, Notary.