bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro-seismic monitoring using sparse planar array and a weak signal enhancement method
Authors: Yang Xiaohui , Lin Zhengliang , Yang Xinchao , Chen Zhanguo , Si Wenpeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Traditional ground micro-seismic monitoring is performed by laying long survey lines. This is expensive and difficult to implement in complex mountainous areas and deep marine shale gas reservoirs in China. To address these challenges, this study proposes a ground micro-seismic monitoring method using a sparse planar array that offers greater flexibility in implementation. This study presents a weak signal enhancement method based on a broadband-array adaptive beamforming algorithm to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of micro-seismic data collected by sparse planar arrays and to suppress coherent noise. The proposed method involves establishing a signal model for a broadband planar array, estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of broadband signals using a grid search method, and setting constraint conditions and objective functions based on the DOA results. The optimal weight vector is then calculated by solving the objective function to obtain the desired signal and suppress noise. This study demonstrates that the proposed method effectively improved the SNR and suppressed coherent noise in synthetic and real data. It also highlights the effectiveness of the sparse planar array as a ground micro-seismic monitoring method and the adaptive broadband beamforming method as a practical weak signal enhancement technology.
Adoption of Amyelois transitella (navel orangeworm) monitoring and management practices across California tree nut crops
Authors: Gordon Phoebe E , Goodrich Brittney K , Wilson Houston 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In California, the most significant insect pest of almonds and pistachios is the navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) and is a pest of walnuts. This pest attacks the nuts and infestation is associated with aflatoxin contamination. While there are multiple integrated pest management (IPM) practices available, anecdotal evidence suggests that not all tools are equally utilized. To understand current industry practices and barriers to adoption, the authors surveyed tree nut growers and industry professionals across 7 University of California Cooperative Extension meetings in California’s Central Valley. Findings indicate that as managed acres decreased, participants were less likely to report using as many IPM tools, and pest control advisers reported higher use of multiple practices compared to orchard owners and managers. Key barriers to adoption varied by practice and included high economic costs, low labor availability, environmental conditions, and/or timing constraints. Many respondents were skeptical of the efficacy of mating disruption, a relatively new strategy compared to other IPM tools. Finally, a cluster analysis identified thirteen aggregate grower profiles. Groups primarily differed in their use of monitoring practices, although some groups were also less likely to use sanitation or pesticides. Two groups were distinguished as “early adopters” through their use of mating disruption and/or ovibait traps. These findings document variability in adoption of IPM practices for A. transitella in tree nuts. Identification of the primary barriers and constraints for specific grower groups will inform research and extension efforts to further promote adoption of key IPM strategies.
State policies regulating short-term limited duration insurance plans and cancer stage at diagnosis
Authors: Barnes Justin M , Kirchhoff Anne C , Yabroff K Robin , Chino Fumiko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Short-term limited duration insurance plans, which proliferated following 2018 federal regulations, may not provide adequate protections for patients with suspected or newly diagnosed cancer and can destabilize insurance markets for comprehensive insurance plan enrollees. Individuals aged 18-64 years with newly diagnosed cancer from 11 states during 2016-2017 and 2019 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Difference-in-differences analyses were used to compare changes in early-stage cancer diagnoses from 2016-2017 to 2019 in states that prohibited vs did not regulate short-term limited duration insurance plans. In adjusted difference-in-differences analyses, early-stage diagnoses increased 0.95 percentage points (95% confidence interval = 0.53 to 1.38, P &lt; .001) in states that prohibited short-term limited duration insurance plans vs did not regulate short-term limited duration insurance plans. State policies resulting in unavailability of short-term limited duration insurance plans were associated with an increased percentage of early-stage diagnoses.
Psychosocial characteristics and quality of life among sexual and gender minority patients with cancer
Authors: Yang Min-Jeong , Pérez-Morales Jaileene , Quinn Gwendolyn P , Miller Jarred D , Simmons Vani N , Schabath Matthew B 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundUnderserved and minoritized patients with cancer often experience more psychosocial concerns and inferior quality of life (QOL) compared with majority populations. This study compared patient-reported psychosocial characteristics and QOL among self-identified sexual and gender minority patients with cancer vs cisgender-heterosexual patients with cancer treated at a National Cancer Institute–designated comprehensive cancer center in the United States.MethodsSelf-report data from 51 503 patients were obtained from an institutional standard-of-care electronic patient questionnaire that was completed prior to, or on the day of, the patient’s initial visit. The electronic patient questionnaire collects demographic information, including sexual orientation and gender identity, psychosocial variables, and QOL using the validated Short Form Health Survey–12. Sexual orientation and gender identity information was used to identify self-identified sexual and gender minority and cisgender-heterosexual persons (ie, non–self-identified sexual and gender minority). Using parametric analyses, psychosocial variables and QOL measures were compared for self-identified sexual and gender minority vs non–self-identified sexual and gender minority patients with cancer.ResultsCompared with non–self-identified sexual and gender minority patients (n = 50 116), self-identified sexual and gender minority patients (n = 1387, 2.7%) reported statistically significantly greater concerns regarding getting help during treatment (2.6% vs 4.3%, respectively; P = .001) and concerns with ability to seek care (16.7% vs 21.6%, respectively, P &lt; .001). Self-identified sexual and gender minority patients reported statistically significantly elevated mental health concerns and daily emotional and pain interference (all P &lt; .001), whereas there was no statistically significant difference in daily interference due to physical functioning.ConclusionThese data reveal real-world disparities among self-identified sexual and gender minority patients with cancer, which can be used to develop psychosocial interventions tailored to address the unique psychosocial and QOL needs of this underserved and minoritized population and to ultimately improve cancer care.
Thermal performance of open microchannel heat sink with NACA airfoil shaped pin fins
Authors: Wu Kun-Da , Weng Huei Chu 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this study is to numerically investigate the effect of pin-fin National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) airfoil on the heat transfer performance of a single open microchannel heat sink with a fixed surface area and a constant wall heat flux. It was found that the helical flow within the microchannel and the converging–diverging flow near the two sides of the microchannel, caused by the periodically arranged NACA airfoil shaped pin fins with an attack angle, dominate the overall heat dissipation ability of the heat sink. The heat dissipation ability can be further improved by increasing the attack angle and Reynolds number. Of the airfoils considered, the symmetrical airfoil NACA0012 in no attack angle case presents the smallest pressure drop, but also the smallest thermal performance value, which can still achieve a Nusselt number improvement of 35.15% and a thermal performance factor (TPF) improvement of 1.38%, compared to the no-fin case. The NACA airfoil effect can be improved when asymmetric airfoils are considered. In terms of overall thermal performance, the NACA6412 would be the best choice. Its percentage increases in the Nusselt number and TPF can be further enhanced by up to 57.62% and 35.43%, respectively, compared to the no-attack-angle NACA0012 case.
Evaluating direct amplification from viral transport medium for SARS-CoV-2 detection, strain typing, and angiotensin-converting enzyme genotyping and expression assays
Authors: Schilter Kala F , Kapoor Shivani , Smith Brandon A , Saleem Ayofemi , Scott Samantha J , Batchelor Dana , Stoll Kathryn A , Nie Qian , Reddi Honey V 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the performance of direct amplification of viral nucleic acid from transport medium to extracted nucleic acid for polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and genotyping applications.

Methods
XpressAmp lysate and extracted total nucleic acid from viral transport medium containing nasopharyngeal specimens were evaluated across different molecular applications to determine performance characteristics.

Results
SARS-CoV-2 quantitative PCR and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotyping assays worked well with XpressAmp lysate, almost equal with or better than extracted nucleic acid in some specimens. However, XpressAmp completely failed to perform in next-generation sequencing for strain typing. Both protocols failed to detect ACE2 expression in viral transport medium.

Conclusion
Direct amplification of viral nucleic acid from viral transport medium containing nasopharyngeal specimen works well for molecular assays with low thresholds of quality; however, it does have limitations with assays that require high quality nucleic acid for input. Use of the XpressAmp protocol significantly improves turnaround time and allows for easy ramp-up of PCR and genotyping assays.
Recovery of kidney function after acute kidney disease—a multi-cohort analysis
Authors: Sawhney Simon , Ball William , Bell Samira , Black Corri , Christiansen Christian F , Heide-Jørgensen Uffe , Jensen Simon K , Lambourg Emilie , Ronksley Paul E , Tan Zhi , Tonelli Marcello , James Matthew T 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
There are no consensus definitions for evaluating kidney function recovery after acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute kidney disease (AKD), nor is it clear how recovery varies across populations and clinical subsets. We present a federated analysis of four population-based cohorts from Canada, Denmark and Scotland, 2011–18.

Methods
We identified incident AKD defined by serum creatinine changes within 48 h, 7 days and 90 days based on KDIGO AKI and AKD criteria. Separately, we applied changes up to 365 days to address widely used e-alert implementations that extend beyond the KDIGO AKI and AKD timeframes. Kidney recovery was based on resolution of AKD and a subsequent creatinine measurement below 1.2× baseline. We evaluated transitions between non-recovery, recovery and death up to 1 year; within age, sex and comorbidity subgroups; between subset AKD definitions; and across cohorts.

Results
There were 464 868 incident cases, median age 67–75 years. At 1 year, results were consistent across cohorts, with pooled mortalities for creatinine changes within 48 h, 7 days, 90 days and 365 days (and 95% confidence interval) of 40% (34%–45%), 40% (34%–46%), 37% (31%–42%) and 22% (16%–29%) respectively, and non-recovery of kidney function of 19% (15%–23%), 30% (24%–35%), 25% (21%–29%) and 37% (30%–43%), respectively. Recovery by 14 and 90 days was frequently not sustained at 1 year. Older males and those with heart failure or cancer were more likely to die than to experience sustained non-recovery, whereas the converse was true for younger females and those with diabetes.

Conclusion
Consistently across multiple cohorts, based on 1-year mortality and non-recovery, KDIGO AKD (up to 90 days) is at least prognostically similar to KDIGO AKI (7 days), and covers more people. Outcomes associated with AKD vary by age, sex and comorbidities such that older males are more likely to die, and younger females are less likely to recover.
A new type of cell related to organ movement for selfing in plants
Authors: Wang Yin-Zheng , Lin Yan-Xiang , Liu Qi , Liu Jing , Barrett Spencer C H 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Many plants employ osmotic and hydrostatic pressure to generate movement for survival, but little is known about the cellular mechanisms involved. Here, we report a new cell type in angiosperms termed ‘contractile cells’ in the stigmas of the flowering plant Chirita pumila with a much-expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Cryo-scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that the RER is continuously distributed throughout the entirety of cells, confirmed by endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-specific fluorescent labeling, and is distinct from the common feature of plant ER. The RER is water-sensitive and extremely elongated with water absorption. We show that the contractile cells drive circadian stigma closing–bending movements in response to day-to-night moisture changes. RNA-seq analyses demonstrated that contractile cells have distinct molecular components. Furthermore, multiple microstructural changes in stigma movements convert an anti-selfing structure into a device promoting selfing—a unique cellular mechanism of reproductive adaptation for uncertain pollination environments.
Barriers and Enablers to Implementing a Smoke-free Home and Car During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study Among Expectant Israeli Fathers
Authors: Guri-Scherman Anne-Laure Yehudit , Neumark Yehuda , Rodnay Maya , Bar-Zeev Yael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy is a significant cause of negative health effects. This study aims to identify barriers and facilitators for implementing a smoke-free home and car among expectant Israeli fathers.

Aims and Methods
Twenty-four qualitative semistructured telephone interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to a reflexive and collaborative thematic approach. Inclusion criteria were being male, Hebrew speaker, age ≥18 years, smoking at least one cigarette a day, and living with their nonsmoking pregnant spouse. The Capability, Opportunity and Motivation for Behavior (COM-B) model was used as a theoretical model for analysis.

Results
Participants reported feeling a strong responsibility for their pregnant spouse’s comfort and health, stating that they are doing the best they can to reduce their spouse’s secondhand smoke exposure (Motivation). Participants had a low level of knowledge about specific secondhand smoke health consequences, effective strategies to reduce secondhand smoke exposure, with incorrect perceptions about what constitutes exposure (Capability). Couple relationships were not affected by the husband’s smoking habits, and participants expressed mutual consideration and understanding (Opportunity). Participants also expressed positive attitudes regarding smoke-free home and car implementation but emphasized that any changes have to be their own decision (Motivation).

Conclusions
The present study identified principal Capability, Opportunity and Motivation barriers and facilitators that influence Israeli expectant fathers’ decision to implement a smoke-free home and car. Those findings will inform the development of a digital behavioral intervention targeting expectant fathers to reduce prenatal secondhand smoke exposure.

Implications
Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy is a significant cause of negative health effects. Interventions among expectant fathers that focus on creating a smoke-free home and car may be effective because pregnancy has been identified as a “window of opportunity” that generates a strong motivation and creates a sense of urgency to change smoking behavior, while being considered more achievable than smoking cessation. Interventions might be effective if they focus on strengthening the parental responsibility among expectant fathers and emphasize the benefits of a smoke-free home and car, while maintaining male autonomy and increasing skills to effectively implement a smoke-free home and car.
Efficacy of Minocycline for the Treatment ofMycoplasma genitalium
Authors: Clarke Emily J , Vodstrcil Lenka A , Plummer Erica L , Aguirre Ivette , Samra Ranjit S , Fairley Christopher K , Chow Eric P F , Bradshaw Catriona S 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh levels of macrolide resistance and increasing fluoroquinolone resistance are making Mycoplasma genitalium increasingly difficult to treat. Minocycline is an alternative treatment for patients with macrolide-resistant M genitalium infections that have failed moxifloxacin, or for those with fluoroquinolone contraindications or resistance. Published efficacy data for minocycline for M genitalium are limited.MethodsWe evaluated minocycline 100 mg twice daily for 14 days at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC). Microbial cure was defined as a negative test of cure within 14–90 days after completing minocycline. The proportion cured and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with treatment failure. We pooled data from the current study with a prior adjacent case series of patients with M genitalium who had received minocycline 100 mg twice daily for 14 days at MSHC.ResultsMinocycline cured 60 of 90 (67% [95% CI, 56%–76%]) infections. Adherence was high (96%) and side effects were mild and self-limiting. No demographic or clinical characteristics were associated with minocycline failure in regression analyses. In the pooled analyses of 123 patients, 83 (68% [95% CI, 58%–76%]) were cured following minocycline.ConclusionsMinocycline cured 68% of macrolide-resistant M genitalium infections. These data provide tighter precision around the efficacy of minocycline for macrolide-resistant M genitalium and show that it is a well-tolerated regimen. With high levels of macrolide resistance, increasing fluoroquinolone resistance, and the high cost of moxifloxacin, access to nonquinolone options such as minocycline is increasingly important for the clinical management of M genitalium.
Gallbladder Empyema and Epidural Abscess Due to Salmonella Enteritidis After Treatment of Primary Infection: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Malik Ambreen , Sharma Mamta , Johnson Leonard B , Bhargava Ashish 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nontyphoidal Salmonella can cause gallbladder empyema and disseminated disease in patients with suppressed immune systems. We are reporting a unique case of concomitant gallbladder empyema and epidural abscess due to Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Enteritidis in a patient who was appropriately treated for the primary Salmonella infection complicated by bacteremia. A high degree of suspicion is needed in high-risk patients as timely intervention can avoid life-threatening complications.
Synergies between interstellar dust and heliospheric science with an interstellar probe
Authors: Sterken Veerle J , Hunziker S , Dialynas K , Leitner J , Sommer M , Srama R , Baalmann L R , Li A , Herbst K , Galli A , Brandt P , Riebe M , Baggaley W J , Blanc M , Czechowski A , Effenberger F , Fields B , Frisch P , Horanyi M , Hsu H-W , Khawaja N , Krüger H , Kurth W S , Ligterink N F W , Linsky J L , Lisse C , Malaspina D , Miller J A , Opher M , Poppe A R , Postberg F , Provornikova E , Redfield S , Richardson J , Rowan-Robinson M , Scherer K , Shen M M , Slavin J D , Sternovsky Z , Stober G , Strub P , Szalay J , Trieloff M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We discuss the synergies between heliospheric and dust science, the open science questions, the technological endeavours, and programmatic aspects that are important to maintain or develop in the decade to come. In particular, we illustrate how we can use interstellar dust in the solar system as a tracer for the (dynamic) heliosphere properties, and emphasize the fairly unexplored, but potentially important science question of the role of cosmic dust in heliospheric and astrospheric physics. We show that an interstellar probe mission with a dedicated dust suite would bring unprecedented advances to interstellar dust research, and can also contribute – through measuring dust – to heliospheric science. This can, in particular, be done well if we work in synergy with other missions inside the solar system, thereby using multiple vantage points in space to measure the dust as it ‘rolls’ into the heliosphere. Such synergies between missions inside the solar system and far out are crucial for disentangling the spatially and temporally varying dust flow. Finally, we highlight the relevant instrumentation and its suitability for contributing to finding answers to the research questions.
Role of mitochondrial disruption and oxidative stress in plasticizer phthalate-induced cytotoxicity to human bone osteoblasts
Authors: Elmorsy Ekramy Mahmoud , Al-Ghafari Ayat , Al Doghaither Huda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Phthalates are frequently utilized in a wide range of products such as plasticizers with reported negative effects on bones. The current study evaluated the effect of butyl cyclohexyl phthalate on the human osteoblasts via different assays. MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays were used to examine the in-vitro cytotoxic effect of butyl cyclohexyl phthalate on human bone osteoblasts in concentrations 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM for 12 to 72 h postexposures. Incubation of osteoblasts with butyl cyclohexyl phthalate significantly reduced cell viability based on its concentrations and durations of exposure. In parallel, osteoblast secretion of procollagen type 1, osteocalcin, as well as alkaline phosphatase was significantly decreased by butyl cyclohexyl phthalate in concentrations (1 or 2 μM). Butyl cyclohexyl phthalate decreased ATP synthesis and mitochondrial complexes I and III activities, with increased lactate production, all of which were detrimental to cellular bioenergetics. The cellular redox defense systems were significantly depleted by increased lipid peroxidation, elevated reactive oxygen species, decreased catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes activities, and decreased intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH). Redox stress was also induced. Interestingly, preincubating osteoblasts with reduced GSH before exposing them to butyl cyclohexyl phthalate significantly lowered the cytotoxicity of the butyl cyclohexyl phthalate, suggesting that antioxidants may play a helpful protective effect.