bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seizure occurrence is linked to multiday cycles in diverse physiological signals
Authors: Gregg Nicholas M. , Pal Attia Tal , Nasseri Mona , Joseph Boney , Karoly Philippa , Cui Jie , Stirling Rachel E. , Viana Pedro F. , Richner Thomas J. , Nurse Ewan S. , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas , Cook Mark J. , Worrell Gregory A. , Richardson Mark P. , Freestone Dean R. , Brinkmann Benjamin H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe factors that influence seizure timing are poorly understood, and seizure unpredictability remains a major cause of disability. Work in chronobiology has shown that cyclical physiological phenomena are ubiquitous, with daily and multiday cycles evident in immune, endocrine, metabolic, neurological, and cardiovascular function. Additionally, work with chronic brain recordings has identified that seizure risk is linked to daily and multiday cycles in brain activity. Here, we provide the first characterization of the relationships between the cyclical modulation of a diverse set of physiological signals, brain activity, and seizure timing.MethodsIn this cohort study, 14 subjects underwent chronic ambulatory monitoring with a multimodal wrist‐worn sensor (recording heart rate, accelerometry, electrodermal activity, and temperature) and an implanted responsive neurostimulation system (recording interictal epileptiform abnormalities and electrographic seizures). Wavelet and filter–Hilbert spectral analyses characterized circadian and multiday cycles in brain and wearable recordings. Circular statistics assessed electrographic seizure timing and cycles in physiology.ResultsTen subjects met inclusion criteria. The mean recording duration was 232 days. Seven subjects had reliable electroencephalographic seizure detections (mean = 76 seizures). Multiday cycles were present in all wearable device signals across all subjects. Seizure timing was phase locked to multiday cycles in five (temperature), four (heart rate, phasic electrodermal activity), and three (accelerometry, heart rate variability, tonic electrodermal activity) subjects. Notably, after regression of behavioral covariates from heart rate, six of seven subjects had seizure phase locking to the residual heart rate signal.SignificanceSeizure timing is associated with daily and multiday cycles in multiple physiological processes. Chronic multimodal wearable device recordings can situate rare paroxysmal events, like seizures, within a broader chronobiology context of the individual. Wearable devices may advance the understanding of factors that influence seizure risk and enable personalized time‐varying approaches to epilepsy care.
Rab26 promotes macrophage phagocytosis through regulation of MFN2 trafficking to mitochondria
Authors: Wu Di , Wang Yao , Hu Junxian , Xu Yuhang , Gong Daohui , Wu Pengfei , Dong Junkang , He Binfeng , Qian Hang , Wang Guansong 
Published: April 2023

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory disorder of the lungs caused by bacterial or viral infection. Timely phagocytosis and clearance of pathogens by macrophages are important in controlling inflammation and alleviating ARDS. However, the precise mechanism of macrophage phagocytosis remains to be explored. Here, we show that the expression of Rab26 is increased in Escherichia coli‐ or Pseudomonas aeruginosa‐stimulated bone marrow‐derived macrophages. Knocking out Rab26 reduced phagocytosis and bacterial clearance by macrophages. Rab26 interacts with mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin‐2 (MFN2) and affects mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation by regulating MFN2 transport. The levels of MFN2 in mitochondria were reduced in Rab26‐deficient bone marrow‐derived macrophages, and the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and ATP were significantly decreased. Knocking down MFN2 using small interfering RNA resulted in decreased phagocytosis and killing ability of macrophages. Rab26 knockout reduced phagocytosis and bacterial clearance by macrophages in vivo, significantly increased inflammatory factors, aggravated lung tissue damage, and increased mortality in mice. Our results demonstrate that Rab26 regulates phagocytosis and clearance of bacteria by mediating the transport of MFN2 to mitochondria in macrophages, thus alleviating ARDS in mice and potentially in humans.
Trivial gain of downscaling in future projections of higher trophic levels in the Nordic and Barents Seas
Authors: Nilsen Ina , Fransner Filippa , Olsen Are , Tjiputra Jerry , Hordoir Robinson , Hansen Cecilie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDownscaling physical forcing from global climate models is both time consuming and labor demanding and can delay or limit the physical forcing available for regional marine ecosystem modelers. Earlier studies have shown that downscaled physics is necessary for capturing the dynamics of primary production and lower trophic levels; however, it is not clear how higher trophic levels respond to the coarse resolution physics of global models. Here, we apply the Nordic and Barents Seas Atlantis ecosystem model (NoBa) to study the consequences of using physical forcing from global climate models versus using that from regional models. The study is therefore (i) a comparison between a regional model and its driving global model to investigate the extent to which a global climate model can be used for regional ecosystem predictions and (ii) a study of the impact of future climate change in the Nordic and Barents Seas. We found that few higher trophic level species were affected by using forcing from a global versus a regional model, and there was a general agreement in future biomass trends and distribution patterns. However, the slight difference in temperature between the models dramatically impacted Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua), which highlights how species projection uncertainty could arise from poor physical representation of the physical forcing, in addition to uncertainty in the ecosystem model parameterization.
Leveraging related health phenotypes for polygenic prediction of impulsive choice, impulsive action, and impulsive personality traits in 1534 European ancestry community adults
Authors: Deng Wei Q. , Belisario Kyla , Gray Joshua C. , Levitt Emily E. , Mohammadi‐Shemirani Pedrum , Singh Desmond , Pare Guillaume , MacKillop James 
Published: April 2023

AbstractImpulsivity refers to a number of conceptually related phenotypes reflecting self‐regulatory capacity that are considered promising endophenotypes for mental and physical health. Measures of impulsivity can be broadly grouped into three domains, namely, impulsive choice, impulsive action, and impulsive personality traits. In a community‐based sample of ancestral Europeans (n = 1534), we conducted genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) of impulsive choice (delay discounting), impulsive action (behavioral inhibition), and impulsive personality traits (UPPS‐P), and evaluated 11 polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of phenotypes previously linked to self‐regulation. Although there were no individual genome‐wide significant hits, the neuroticism PRS was positively associated with negative urgency (adjusted R2 = 1.61%, p = 3.6 × 10−7) and the educational attainment PRS was inversely associated with delay discounting (adjusted R2 = 1.68%, p = 2.2 × 10−7). There was also evidence implicating PRSs of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, externalizing, risk‐taking, smoking cessation, smoking initiation, and body mass index with one or more impulsivity phenotypes (adjusted R2s: 0.35%–1.07%; FDR adjusted ps = 0.05–0.0006). These significant associations between PRSs and impulsivity phenotypes are consistent with established genetic correlations. The combined PRS explained 0.91%–2.46% of the phenotypic variance for individual impulsivity measures, corresponding to 8.7%–32.5% of their reported single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐based heritability, suggesting a non‐negligible portion of the SNP‐based heritability can be recovered by PRSs. These results support the predictive validity and utility of PRSs, even derived from related phenotypes, to inform the genetics of impulsivity phenotypes.
Moving beyond heritability in the search for coral adaptive potential
Authors: Richards Thomas J. , McGuigan Katrina , Aguirre J. David , Humanes Adriana , Bozec Yves‐Marie , Mumby Peter J. , Riginos Cynthia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlobal environmental change is happening at unprecedented rates. Coral reefs are among the ecosystems most threatened by global change. For wild populations to persist, they must adapt. Knowledge shortfalls about corals' complex ecological and evolutionary dynamics, however, stymie predictions about potential adaptation to future conditions. Here, we review adaptation through the lens of quantitative genetics. We argue that coral adaptation studies can benefit greatly from “wild” quantitative genetic methods, where traits are studied in wild populations undergoing natural selection, genomic relationship matrices can replace breeding experiments, and analyses can be extended to examine genetic constraints among traits. In addition, individuals with advantageous genotypes for anticipated future conditions can be identified. Finally, genomic genotyping supports simultaneous consideration of how genetic diversity is arrayed across geographic and environmental distances, providing greater context for predictions of phenotypic evolution at a metapopulation scale.
Disruptive technology and regulatory conundrums: The emerging governance of virtual currencies
Authors: Amuso Valentina , Baron Ilan Zvi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRegulatory agencies care about their reputation, which helps sustain their authority. As innovation can introduce uncertainty in governance, delaying action or overlooking danger can negatively affect agencies' standing. Aware of these reputation risks, agencies rely on a set of methods to govern the unknown. These methods, we argue, are: (1) categorization, if the innovation is considered identical to known regulatory categories; (2) analogy, if the innovation is considered similar to known categories, and; (3) new categorization, when new classifications are deemed necessary to address the innovation. Each method shapes governance by triggering the application of existing regulations (categorization and analogy), calls for either technical and regulatory fixes (analogy), or calls for broader regulatory undertakings (new categorization). Agencies' choice of methods, we argue, is shaped by concerns over performative reputation (i.e., showing the ability to fulfill core tasks), which in turn is affected by agencies' ability to demonstrate technical rigor (i.e., technical reputation).
Characterisation of an edible chitosan film incorporating tea seed oil/montmorillonite and antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Van Tran Thi , Wardana Ata Aditya , Arisa Koga , Tanaka Fumina , Tanaka Fumihiko 
Published: April 2023

SummaryChitosan films enhanced with tea seed oil (TO) and montmorillonite were solution cast and the influence of montmorillonite additives on the physicochemical and antifungal properties was evaluated. The addition of TO and montmorillonite significantly increased both the pH and viscosity of the coating solutions. SEM and AFM showed montmorillonite addition increased membrane structure homogeneity. In addition, chitosan films incorporating montmorillonite exhibited significantly improved tensile strength, at 43.87% in chitosan with montmorillonite and 44.23% in chitosan with montmorillonite and TO. Antifungal activity of the chitosan coating increased sharply when TO was added, inhibiting spore germination and germ tube length by 65.05% and 51.95% respectively. The decay inhibition rates for strawberries treated with chitosan and TO, or chitosan, TO and montmorillonite were also high at 32.77% and 28.79% respectively. This demonstrates that chitosan‐based TO/montmorillonite films are potential materials for packaging fruits or vegetables, to eventually replace synthetic polymers.
Enzymatic activity and quality characteristics of melon juice processed by high‐intensity pulsed light
Authors: Pok Paula S. , García‐Loredo Analía B. , Contigiani Eunice V. , Alzamora Stella M. , Gómez Paula L. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe aim of this study was to explore the use of pulsed light (PL) for inactivating peroxidase (POD), polyphenoloxidase (PP0) and pectin methylesterase (PME) in melon juice. The influence of treatments on the optical, physicochemical and rheological properties of the juice was also evaluated. PL fluences between 3.6 and 71.6 J cm−2 caused a significant reduction in POD activity from 13% to 96% respectively. On contrary, PPO and PME activities were slightly or not significantly affected by the treatments. POD inactivation curve was successfully fitted with the first‐order and Weibull‐type models. Samples exposed to 35.8 and 71.6 J cm−2 showed minor changes in pH, titratable acidity and total soluble solids content than non‐treated juice along cold storage. PL treatments also better maintained the original colour of the fresh juice during storage. A slight but significant reduction in the apparent viscosity was observed due to PL exposure. Results indicated that pulsed light could be a useful technique for inhibiting POD activity and preserving the colour of melon juice along cold storage. Other preservation agent(s) in combination would need to be evaluated for better control of enzyme activity.
Association of endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD) with the transmission of Liberibacter solanacearum by its psyllid vector
Authors: Jassar Ola , Ghanim Murad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCandidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso) is a complex of gram negative plant pathogenic and fastidious bacterial haplotypes restricted to the phloem and transmitted by several psyllid species. In Israel, the carrot psyllid Bactericera trigonica transmits CLso haplotype D in a persistent and propagative manner and causes the carrot yellows disease, inflicting significant economic losses in many countries. Understanding the transmission of CLso is fundamental to devising sustainable management strategies. Persistent transmission of vector‐borne pathogens involves the critical steps of adhesion, cell invasion and replication inside the insect gut cells before passage to the hemolymph. Using microscopy and expression analyses, we have previously confirmed a role for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in inducing immune responses and subsequent molecular pathways resulting in programmed cell death (apoptosis) upon CLso‐infection in the midgut. In the current study, we confirm that the ER‐associated degradation (ERAD) machinery and its associated marker genes were upregulated in CLso infected insects, including Derlin‐1, Selenoprotein‐1 and Ubiquitin Ligase RNF‐185. Silencing Derlin‐1, which acts on the ER membrane by regulating the degradation of unfolded proteins upon ER stress, revealed its role in CLso persistence and transmission. Molecular pathways initiated in the ER membrane upon bacterial infection are well documented in human, animal and insect systems, and this study confirms the role of the ER in CLso‐psyllid interactions.
Penalties and payoffs: The short‐term economic consequences of human capital acquisition for resettled refugees in the United States
Authors: Allen Ryan , Horner Kimberly M. , Choi Jung Ho 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe relationship between refugee investments in human capital and short‐run economic outcomes may influence the extent to which refugees invest in human capital that is associated with positive future economic mobility. Using data from the Annual Survey of Refugees from 2016 and 2017 we assess the relationship between recent investments in human capital and hourly wages for employed refugees in the United States. Results suggest that recent job training has a positive effect on hourly wages. In contrast, enrollment in English classes and educational programmes have no short‐term positive effects on hourly wages. When combined with the pressure resettled refugees experience to find employment quickly, these results suggest that the lack of short‐term wage benefits from English language or educational courses may dissuade refugees from sufficiently investing in the amount of English language or education necessary to promote positive long‐term economic mobility.
Nurses and global health responsibility: In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine
Authors: Lindberg Catharina , Brinchmann Berit Støre 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this paper was to reflect on global ethical challenges for nurses in light of the COVID‐19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine and to discuss ‘Nurses and Global Health’, a new element in the revised ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses, 2021, and its implications for nurses.BackgroundThe authors participated in the latest revision of the Code. When we were revising the ICN Code of Ethics, there was neither an ongoing pandemic nor a war in Europe.Sources of evidenceRelevant scientific articles and other academic literature, documents from international organisations, and authors’ views.DiscussionThe discussion emanated from our reflections on how to actually apply the ICN Code of Ethics, i.e., moving the words from the document itself into everyday practice, in light of the COVID‐19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. In the Code, the nurse's responsibility is highlighted, but there is little or no instruction on how to undertake it.Conclusion and implications for nursesThe ICN Code of Ethics needs to be operationalised through ethical reflection and discussion in all contexts where nurses work, from policy level to the care environment.
Trends in passenger transport optimisation
Authors: Filippi Carlo , Guastaroba Gianfranco , Peirano Lorenzo , Speranza M. Grazia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe growing number and complexity of modern megalopolises, where several millions of inhabitants request efficient transport services, pose colossal challenges to urban mobility. To capture the ever‐increasing demand for mobility without further deteriorating the traffic congestion, it is essential that the resources available are used as efficiently as possible. Besides, the traditional means of transport (train, metro, bus, taxi), each responds to a particular segment of the global demand for mobility. Nowadays, transport planners can take advantage of the progress in information technologies and optimisation methods to design modern services that integrate and coordinate different means of transport. These services are potentially capable of capturing additional segments of mobility demand and, as an outcome, reduce the usage of private vehicles. Building upon these general ideas, a growing number of researchers have studied various forms of transport flexibility as well as the integration among different means of transport. This survey provides an overview of the trends emerging from contributions from the operational research literature on urban passenger transportation. We have analysed the literature according to the dimensions of flexibility and integration of the transport service studied. For each of the application areas identified, we convey the main trends studied, summarise the most relevant solution approaches and outline some open research directions that deserve particular attention.
A Hero's Journey: Supporting children throughout inpatient psychiatric hospitalization using a therapeutic comic book
Authors: Hasselmo Simone , Thomas Isaiah , Páez José , Kowalski Sarah , Cardona Laurie , Martin Andrés 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProblemArt‐ and narrative‐based interventions are an integral component of pediatric inpatient psychiatric care. We describe a novel therapeutic comic book we developed for hospitalized children and young adolescents.MethodsA Hero's Journey is a 38‐page zine that can be freely downloaded and photocopied for distribution. The short booklet is intended to demystify and offer guidance throughout the experience of hospitalization, promote interaction and socialization, provide scaffolding for skill‐building, and prepare patients for moving forward after discharge.FindingsThe underlying foundations of the booklet include: 1) Theoretical sources (Joseph Campbell's hero's journey; Donald Schön's reflective practice; and the principles of narrative medicine); and 2) Clinical sources (collaborative problem solving; cognitive‐behavioral therapy, and trauma‐informed care). We articulate how each page relates to the different components, and how individual pages can be used as worksheets for practice of specific skills. We next provide suggestions on how best to use the booklet: from arrival at the emergency room, through inpatient hospitalization, and toward discharge. We also propose ways for staff, caregivers, and any child‐facing adult to make use of this clinical resource in support of a patient's recovery and reintegration into their community.ConclusionsEven though not yet empirically tested, this therapeutic comic book is available for dissemination free of cost. We encourage leaders in nursing and therapeutic recreation to try using this resource in their emergency room and milieu settings.
Screening and identification of the core immune‐related genes and immune cell infiltration in severe burns and sepsis
Authors: Su Wenxing , Li Wei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Kuan , Chen Maolin , Chen Xiaoming , Li Dazhuang , Zhang Ping , Yu Daojiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSevere burns often have a high mortality rate due to sepsis, but the genetic and immune crosstalk between them remains unclear. In the present study, the GSE77791 and GSE95233 datasets were analysed to identify immune‐related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in disease progression in both burns and sepsis. Subsequently, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), gene enrichment analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction, immune cell infiltration analysis, core gene identification, coexpression network analysis and clinical correlation analysis were performed. A total of 282 common DEGs associated with burns and sepsis were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis identified the following enriched pathways in burns and sepsis: metabolic pathways; complement and coagulation cascades; legionellosis; starch and sucrose metabolism; and ferroptosis. Finally, six core DEGs were identified, namely, IL10, RETN, THBS1, FGF13, LCN2 and MMP9. Correlation analysis showed that some core DEGs were significantly associated with simultaneous dysregulation of immune cells. Of these, RETN upregulation was associated with a worse prognosis. The immune‐related genes and dysregulated immune cells in severe burns and sepsis provide potential research directions for diagnosis and treatment.