bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient cathodes for quasi-solid-state aluminum-air batteries
Authors: Gaele Maria F. , Califano Valeria , Di Palma Tonia M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDifferent commercial carbonaceous materials, two made of activated carbons and one of multiwalled nanotubes, were used to prepare cathodes for primary aluminum-air cells and compared with the more expensive platinum-dispersed carbon, usually used as cathode for many types of metal-air cells. The aluminum-air cells used in the electrochemical tests were assembled with alkaline gel polymer electrolytes without any separator. Cells with cathodes made of a cheap activated carbon showed better electrochemical performances than those obtained with platinum-based cathodes. Notably, their discharge capacities were improved and the discharge voltages were always higher than 0.2 V. These improved performances were mainly attributed to the better electrocatalytic activity of the activated carbon as it results from polarization measurements, probably due to the presence of defects, as evidenced from Raman spectra. Three-electrode discharge tests were used to measure the electrode potentials and their impact to the overall cell electrochemical performances. During the discharge, in all cases, an increase of the anodic potential towards more positive values was observed, while the cathodic potential remained almost constant. Thus, the final failure of the cells was mainly due to the degradation of the anodic interface. This indicates the possibility to further increase the cell capacity by adopting suitable mitigation strategies of anodic parasitic reaction or different electrolyte design, with the final aim to realize efficient, cheap, and eco-friendly aluminum-air cells.
On a threshold descent method for quasi-equilibria
Authors: Bianchi M. , Konnov I. , Pini R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe describe a special class of quasi-equilibrium problems in metric spaces and propose a novel simple threshold descent method for solving these problems. Due to the framework, the convergence of the method cannot be established with the usual convexity or generalized convexity assumptions. Under mild conditions, the iterative procedure gives solutions of the quasi-equilibrium problem. We apply this method to scalar and vector generalized quasi-equilibrium problems and to some classes of relative optimization problems.
Importance of TKI treatment duration in treatment-free remission of chronic myeloid leukemia: results of the D-FREE study
Authors: Yoshida Chikashi , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Doki Noriko , Murai Kazunori , Iino Masaki , Hatta Yoshihiro , Onizuka Makoto , Yokose Norio , Fujimaki Katsumichi , Hagihara Masao , Oshikawa Gaku , Murayama Kayoko , Kumagai Takashi , Kimura Shinya , Najima Yuho , Iriyama Noriyoshi , Tsutsumi Ikuyo , Oba Koji , Kojima Hiroshi , Sakamaki Hisashi , Inokuchi Koiti ,   the Kanto CML Study Group
Published: February 2023

AbstractTreatment-free remission (TFR) is a new goal for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) with a sustained deep molecular response (DMR) to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, optimal conditions for successful TFR in patients treated with second-generation (2G)-TKIs are not fully defined. In this D-FREE study, treatment discontinuation was attempted in newly diagnosed CML-CP patients treated with the 2G-TKI dasatinib who achieved BCR-ABL1 levels of ≤ 0.0032% (MR4.5) on the international scale (BCR-ABL1IS) and maintained these levels for exactly 1 year. Of the 173 patients who received dasatinib induction therapy for up to 2 years, 123 completed and 60 (48.8%) reached MR 4.5. Among the first 21 patients who maintained MR4.5 for 1 year and discontinued dasatinib, 17 experienced molecular relapse defined as loss of major molecular response (BCR-ABL1IS > 0.1%) confirmed once, or loss of MR4 (BCR-ABL1IS > 0.01%) confirmed on 2 consecutive assessments. The estimated molecular relapse-free survival rate was 16.7% at 12 months. This study was prematurely terminated according to the protocol’s safety monitoring criteria. The conclusion was that sustained DMR for just 1 year is insufficient for TFR in CML-CP patients receiving dasatinib for less than a total of 3 years of treatment.
Aromatic self-assembled monolayers with pentafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl (−SF5) termination: Molecular organization and charge transport properties
Authors: Liu Yangbiao , Zeplichal Marc , Katzbach Sonja , Wiesner Adrian , Das Saunak , Terfort Andreas , Zharnikov Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA series of molecules with oligophenylene backbone, thiolate anchoring group, and pentafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl (−SF5) tail group was synthesized and used as precursors to form self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au(111) substrates. The resulting SAMs feature dense molecular packing, upright molecular orientation, and chemically homogeneous SAM-ambient interface, comprised entirely of the −SF5 moieties. These SAMs exhibit exceptional wetting and electrostatic properties, showing advancing water contact angles up to 103° and work function values up to 5.96 eV—probably the highest values reported for any aromatic monolayers on gold. They also feature a comparably low value of the tunnelling decay coefficient (0.38 ± 0.07 Å−1), typical of oligophenylene backbone, which is not affected by the introduction of the −SF5 group. The latter also hardly affects the current densities at a specific bias compared to analogous monolayers with other electronegative tail groups. The superior electrostatic and good charge transport properties of the designed, SF5-terminated SAMs make them potentially useful for interface engineering in organic electronics and photovoltaics.
The pterosaurs of the Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco
Authors: Smith Roy E. , Ibrahim Nizar , Longrich Nicholas , Unwin David M. , Jacobs Megan L. , Williams Cariad J. , Zouhri Samir , Martill David M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe pterosaur assemblage of the mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco is reviewed. This analysis examines their taxonomy, palaeoecology and palaeobiology with comments on taphonomy. New material permits the rediagnosis of the azhdarchoids Alanqa saharica and Afrotapejara zouhrii. Several specimens are reported that do not fit within the paradigms of previously named taxa. They represent three distinct jaw morphotypes, but are not assigned to new taxa here. The assemblage is highly diverse, including four tooth-bearing taxa assigned to Ornithocheiridae and five named taxa and three additional morphotypes assigned to Azhdarchoidea. The Kem Kem Group assemblage is the most diverse for any pterosaur-bearing fluvial deposit and one of the most diverse of any pterosaur assemblage. The assemblage is heavily biased in terms of preservation with an as yet unexplained high abundance of jaw fragments. We highlight the importance of fragmentary material in pterosaur studies.
Reflectometry diagnostics for atmospheric entry applications: state-of-the-art and new developments
Authors: Grosso Ferreira R. , Vicente J. , Silva F. , Gonçalves B. , Cupido L. , Lino da Silva M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInsight into the plasma properties of high-speed ionized flows is key for the validation of predictive aerothermodynamic tools for atmospheric entry applications, namely plasma radiation which will be highly dependent on the flow electron densities, which accordingly need to be accurately estimated. We performed an extensive review on past re-entry microwave diagnostics, including both in-flight and ground-test experiments. This work assesses the peculiar characteristics of entry plasmas, and derives functional requirements for microwave diagnostics tailored for such applications. A preliminary analysis, including a simulation of electromagnetic environment for the RAM-C II flight experiment, obtained through a CFD code coupled to an electromagnetic propagation code, is presented. The obtained results outline the adequacy of such diagnostics for improving verification and validation for high-speed entry plasma flows.
Biohydrogen Production from Food Waste Using Glucose-Adapted Hyperthermophilic Archaeon
Authors: Lee Seong Hyuk , Lee Sunmin , Lee Sung-Mok , Cha Jaeho , Lee Hyun Sook , Kang Sung Gyun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Glucose is one of the most important carbon and energy source for heterotrophic growth in all living organisms. However, glucose has been reported as a poor substrate to support the growth of hyperthermophilic archaea belonging to the order Thermococcales. To enhance glucose-assisted growth of Thermococcus onnurineus NA1, adaptive evolution process was applied. In an effort for industrial applications, glucose-adapted cells were further tested for H2 producing potential using food processing waste as a promising zero-value substrate containing polysaccharides composed of glucose.

Methods
Adaptive evolution of T. onnurineus NA1 was performed by transferring cells to fresh medium containing glucose until cell growth increased. Genome sequencing was conducted to identify genetic changes in adapted cells. H2 production in the parent strain and glucose-adapted cells was analyzed using either glucose or potato peel waste as substrate.

Results
The glucose-adapted cells, WG-100T, had 10.8-fold and 14.7-fold increases in cell density and glucose consumption, respectively, compared to the parent strain. Genome sequencing of WG-100T revealed a total of 17 genomic changes in genes, including those encoding transcription factors and several proteins involved in various transport systems. WG-100T produced H2 using potato peel waste through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.

Conclusion
This study showed that the performance of the Thermococcales strain was improved by adaptive evolution, resulting in faster use of glucose. In addition, it was shown that the use of a hyperthermophile made it possible to produce biohydrogen without pretreatment of food processing waste for saccharification.

Graphical Abstract
Review of the theory, principles, and design requirements of human-centric Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Ystgaard Kaja Fjørtoft , Atzori Luigi , Palma David , Heegaard Poul Einar , Bertheussen Lene Elisabeth , Jensen Magnus Rom , De Moor Katrien 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe rapid evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, with ever more profound implications for humans and societies, has triggered visions and initiatives to re-align the Next-Generation IoT with what works for humans and humanity first. However, despite the increased push towards “human-centric” IoT, it is still poorly understood what “human-centric” actually means in this context, how it is interpreted and embedded into the design, by whom, and for which purposes. To address these questions, we conducted a systematic literature review (N = 84) on the theory, principles, and design requirements of human-centric IoT. A key observation is that, despite the recent increase in research on humane perspectives for IoT, “human-centredness” often still seems to be used primarily as a label and overarching paradigm, not leading to a profound change in the underlying practices. We found no shared understanding of what “human-centric” implies in this context or common agreement on which principles human-centric IoT should be built upon. Furthermore, our analysis confirmed the predominance of technology-oriented fields, with a traditional approach towards user involvement and limited involvement of other disciplines. Overall, our findings point towards an apparent discrepancy between how contributions are positioned and framed (“human-centric”), the practices and assumptions they are based on, and their actual impact and ability to orient existing efforts towards genuine human-centric outcomes and key values. Based on the results, we formulate directions for future research aimed at building a more human-centric and empowering IoT.
Outcomes of Non-surgical Management of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures
Authors: Arun S. , Nayak Sunil S. , Chithra A. , Roy Sreea 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
With little evidence available in the literature, this study tries to clinically determine the efficiency and outcomes of non-surgical management of post-traumatic Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures.

Materials and Methods
One hundred and three patients with post-traumatic isolated ZMC fractures managed conservatively for various reasons were identified. The patients were classified based on the Zingg et al. criteria into Types A, B, and C. We evaluated the resolution of signs and symptoms of six standard parameters over 6 months—persistent pain, restriction in mouth opening, infraorbital nerve (ION) paresthesia, aesthetic deformity, infraorbital step deformity with associated tenderness on palpation, and ophthalmic status. The study variables were then statistically analyzed using Cochran’s Q test with an associated confidence interval of 95%.

Results
A six-month follow-up revealed persisting residual deformities for all three groups. However, Type A and Type B showed significant improvement in pain reduction, mouth opening, and infraorbital nerve (ION) paresthesia. No significant improvement was noted in any of the groups for aesthetic deformity, infraorbital step deformity, and ophthalmic status. Type C, which had comminuted fracture patterns, exhibited significant defects in all the parameters. Significant inter-variable relationship between certain paired parameters was also observed.

Conclusion
The Type A group is most suited for non-surgical management. Type B with a mono-bloc fracture is a crucial group that demands broader, long-term studies to extract a proper treatment protocol. Type C with severe fracture displacement validates surgical correction.
Algorithm for Reducing Overall Biological Detriment Caused by PET/CT: an Age-Based Study
Authors: Spadafora Marco , Sannino Pasqualina , Mansi Luigi , Mainolfi Ciro , Capasso Rosario , Di Giorgio Eugenio , Fiordoro Salvatore , Imbimbo Serena , Masone Filomena , Evangelista Laura 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study is to use a simple algorithm based on patient’s age to reduce the overall biological detriment associated with PET/CT.

Materials and Methods
A total of 421 consecutive patients (mean age 64 ± 14 years) undergoing PET for various clinical indications were enrolled. For each scan, effective dose (ED in mSv) and additional cancer risk (ACR) were computed both in a reference condition (REF) and after applying an original algorithm (ALGO). The ALGO modified the mean dose of FDG and the PET scan time parameters; indeed, a lower dose and a longer scan time were reported in the younger, while a higher dose and a shorter scan time in the older patients. Moreover, patients were classified by age bracket (18–29, 30–60, and 61–90 years).

Results
The ED was 4.57 ± 0.92 mSv in the REF condition. The ACR were 0.020 ± 0.016 and 0.0187 ± 0.013, respectively, in REF and ALGO. The ACR for the REF and ALGO conditions were significantly reduced in males and females, although it was more evident in the latter gender (all p < 0.0001). Finally, the ACR significantly reduced from the REF condition to ALGO in all three age brackets (all p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Implementation of ALGO protocols in PET can reduce the overall ACR, mainly in young and female patients.
Experimental study of the biological treatment process of the exit wastewater from flocculation reactor
Authors: Baghizade Alireza , Farahbod Farshad , Alizadeh Omid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study investigates biological treatment of outlet wastewater from flocculation reactor. This stream has an unpleasant odor. So, a biological treatment unit has been used to separate biological contaminants. Results show that 35 min can be considered as optimum oxygen injection time. Results show that the reduction of nitrate and phosphate is 67% and 60.8% with increasing oxygenation time, respectively. Results show that BOD and COD decrease by about 1.8% and 1% with increasing oxygenation time from 35 to 40 min, respectively. Studies show that organic carbon and petroleum hydrocarbons decrease from 20.1 to 4.8 mg/l and 0.14–0.4 mg/l by increasing oxygen injection time from 5 to 35 min, respectively. Results show that wastewater turbidity decreasing is from 4.3 NTU to 2.1 NTU in biological unit. Results show that range of pH is between 9.9 and 10.4.
What Do We Know About the Invasive Mosquitoes Aedes atropalpus and Aedes triseriatus?
Authors: Giunti Giulia , Wilke André B. B. , Beier John C. , Benelli Giovanni 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Mosquito-borne diseases are a serious concern in Europe since the proliferation of invasive mosquito species increases the risk of epidemics. Aedes spp. (Diptera: Culicidae) are among the most dangerous mosquito vectors in Europe. Among Aedes spp., less attention has been paid to the North American invasive species, Aedes atropalpus and Aedes triseriatus, although these species are vectors of serious diseases. This article aims to provide information about the current status and prospective of these species in Europe.

Recent Findings
While the presence of Ae. atropalpus in the European continent is still debated, Ae. triseriatus is no longer present in the European continent, but accidental introductions have been recently reported. Nevertheless, the climatic changes and global market increase the possibility of introduction of North American Aedes species in Europe.

Summary
The present article contains a brief overview of the biology, ecology, and vector competence of these two mosquito vectors, outlining their potential to invade new areas and medical importance. We highlighted some bioecological traits that need to be considered to design surveillance programs tailored for these species. Lastly, research challenges aimed to improve basic knowledge and control programs targeting these species are presented.
Semiconductor nanomaterial-based polarized light emission: From materials to light emitting diodes
Authors: Wu Jinlei , Fang Guoqiang , Zhang Yongliang , Biswas Nandita , Ji Yanan , Xu Wen , Dong Bin , Liu Ning 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe overall optical efficiency of backlight-based liquid crystal displays (LCDs) is less than 5% due to the loss of backlight source by polarizers, color filter, liquid crystal layer and so on. Self-emissive light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been undergoing huge development due to their substantial market potentials to meet the demand of future display. More importantly, the polarized LEDs could enhance the energy utilization efficiency by avoiding light loss caused by polarizers. Therefore, it is desirable to look for effective methods to assemble high-quality anisotropic nanomaterial films so as to fabricate polarized LEDs with high degree of polarization and external quantum efficiency. Here, the photoelectrical properties of some semiconductor nanomaterials and their potential applications for polarized LEDs are introduced. The research progress in the field of polarized light emission from materials to films and then to LEDs is reviewed. Mechanisms of polarized emission, and different assembly strategies for polarized light emitting films and LEDs are also summarized and compared. Finally, several current challenges are discussed, and perspectives on future potential commercial application of polarized LEDs are offered. We hope this review will provide a valuable summary on current status and stimulate some new insightful ideas for future development of polarized LEDs.
Prophylactic Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients During the Pre-engraftment Period
Authors: Gaffney Kelly J. , Urban Theresa A. , Lucena Mariana , Rybicki Lisa , Majhail Navneet S. , Mossad Sherif Beniameen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Our institution has used trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) as the antibacterial agent of choice for infection prophylaxis during the pre-engraftment period in the allogeneic transplant (allo-HCT) population.

Methods
This retrospective, single center study was developed to compare the safety of that antibacterial prophylaxis to fluoroquinolones in allo-HCT. The primary endpoint was time to neutrophil engraftment.

Results
A total of 366 patients were reviewed (TMP-SMX n = 332, fluoroquinolone n = 34). No difference in days to neutrophil engraftment was found (median 15 versus 16 days, p = 0.62). Hyperkalemia was more common in the TMP-SMX cohort (32.2% versus 14.7%, p = 0.035); this did not contribute to a higher rate of agent discontinuation or arrhythmia. There was no significant difference in the incidence of neutropenic fever; however, those in the TMP-SMX cohort were more likely to have microbiologically confirmed bacteremia (24.1% versus 8.8% respectively, p = 0.043). There was no significant difference in infections. No long-term implication of prophylactic antibacterial agent selection was observed in terms of graft-versus-host-disease, underlying disease relapse, or mortality.

Conclusion
The use of TMP-SMX was associated with a higher likelihood of bacteremia and hyperkalemia; however, this did not result in increased hospital stay, escalation of care, or mortality. The use of TMP-SMX for prophylaxis during the pre-engraftment period for allo-HCT recipients is safe and effective.
Automated High‐Frequency Geomagnetic Disturbance Classifier: A Machine Learning Approach to Identifying Noise While Retaining High‐Frequency Components of the Geomagnetic Field
Authors: McCuen Brett A. , Moldwin Mark B. , Steinmetz Erik S. , Engebretson Mark J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present an automated method to identify high‐frequency geomagnetic disturbances in ground magnetometer data and classify the events by the source of the perturbations. We developed an algorithm to search for and identify changes in the surface magnetic field, dB/dt, with user‐specified amplitude and timescale. We used this algorithm to identify transient‐large‐amplitude (TLA) dB/dt events that have timescale less than 60 s and amplitude >6 nT/s. Because these magnetic variations have similar amplitude and time characteristics to instrumental or man‐made noise, the algorithm identified a large number of noise‐type signatures as well as geophysical signatures. We manually classified these events by their sources (noise‐type or geophysical) and statistically characterized each type of event; the insights gained were used to more specifically define a TLA geophysical event and greatly reduce the number of noise‐type dB/dt identified. Next, we implemented a support vector machine classification algorithm to classify the remaining events in order to further reduce the number of noise‐type dB/dt in the final data set. We examine the performance of our complete dB/dt search algorithm in widely used magnetometer databases and the effect of a common data processing technique on the results. The automated algorithm is a new technique to identify geomagnetic disturbances and instrumental or man‐made noise, enabling systematic identification and analysis of space weather related dB/dt events and automated detection of magnetometer noise intervals in magnetic field databases.