bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN PROGRAM SEKOLAH RAMAH ANAK DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SMP NEGERI 4 PAKEM YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Awliya Wizarati , Alifiyah Nilnannisa , Nudin Burhan 
Published: June 2023

Penerapan Sekolah Ramah Anak menjadi hal yang bisa diterapkan untuk meningkatkan pendidikan karakter. Sekolah Ramah Anak perlu diterapkan secara maksimal oleh seluruh komponen pendidikan demi memenuhi hak peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penerapan Sekolah Ramah Anak dalam meningkatkan pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 4 Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari data empirik dan data teoritik. Data empirik bersumber dari wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi penelitian. Adapun informan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari beberapa guru dan peserta didik di SMP Negeri 4 Pakem. Sedangkan data teoritik bersumber dari penelitian terdahulu yang relevan dengan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat keefektifan dari penerapan Sekolah Ramah Anak dalam meningkatkan pendidikan karakter di SMP Negeri 4 Pakem. Penerapan Sekolah Ramah Anak ini dapat membentuk kepribadian peserta didik dan tentunya sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman
Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Sekolah, Ramah, Anak
EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING POTENTIAL OF RUMEX VESICARIUS L. LEAF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS IN RABBIT
Authors: Khan Imran Ahmad , Sattar Muzammal , Munawar Shaukat , Munzoor Zahid , Raza Muhammad Afiz , Fatima Ghayoor , Hannan Abdul , Hannan Abdul 
Published: June 2023

Background: Rumex vesicarius Linn leaf extract is extensively used in folk medicine for the wound cure in sub-continent, but there is no pharmacological evidence present in support of this practice. The present study was conducted to validate the folkloric use of Rumex vesicarius on experimentally induced excision wounds in rabbits. Phytochemical constituents were also evaluated.
Material and Methods: Aqueous and methanol fractions of R.vesicarius leaf extracts were prepared and analysed for the possible presence of major phytochemical classes. A 20% w/v gel of each extract (Methanol, Aqueous) was made using Cabopol 940 in the concentration of 5%. wounds were produced experimentally in normal rabbit’s dorsal region of back under ketamine anesthesia. The decrease in wound size was judged by using a scale. Povidone- Iodine treated group was taken as standard while untreated group was taken as control.
Results: Aqueous fraction (200mg/kg) showed 92.34% maximum percentage of wound healing compared to control, while, 79.71% wound healing with methanol fraction (200mg/kg). Both the extracts were found to be statistical significant and comparable to control. Furthermore, wound healing activity was found to be better than standard (Povidone-iodine) treated group which may be attributed to the faster action of the active Phytochemical constituent and their multiple mechanisms.
Conclusion: we concluded that R.vesicarius posses good wound healing activity and can be use as alternative medicine for wound care.
CUTANEOUS STREPTOCOCCAL ABSCESS TREATED BY PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
Authors: Sellera FÃ¡bio Parra , Barbosa Bruna Stanigher , Gargano Ronaldo Gomes , Sabino Caetano Padial , SimÃµes Martha Ribeiro , Azedo Milton Ricardo , Benesi Fernando JosÃ© , Pogliani Fabio Celidonio 
Published: June 2023

Background: Photodynamic therapy has been investigated in different areas of health through experimental conditions. Its action can alter fundamental structures for the survival of microorganisms without any development of microbial resistance.
Materials and Methods: Young sheep presenting with abscess in the left forelimb caused by Streptococcus spp. was previously treated with antibiotics. There was no clinical improvement with the treatments, and the bacteria presented sensitivity in vitro. Therefore, Photodynamic therapy associating methylene blue and red laser (660 nm) was used to treat the abscess.
Results: After a day of treatment, complete healing was witnessed with no recurrence was observed during the 3-month follow-up period.
Conclusion: The scientific results of the antimicrobial effect of PDT proved to be a therapeutic option with great potential for clinical application.
CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE ALLEVIATING HYPERANDROGENISM OF PCOS RATS THROUGH REGULATING PPARG1 AND HDAC3 EXPRESSION IN THE OVARIES
Authors: Gu Ying-Er , Wang Fang-Fang , Yang Dong-Xia , Zhou Jue , Ye Ying-Hui , Zhu Yu-Hang , Jian Dan , Qu Fan 
Published: June 2023

Objective: The present study was to explore the effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in alleviating hyperandrogenism of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) rats induced by testosterone propionate and the possible underlying mechanism.
Materials and methods: A total of forty female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, PCOS model group, CHM1 group and CHM2 group, with ten rats in each group. The rat models with PCOS were established by single injection of testosterone propionate at 9th day after birth. The status of estrous cyclicity for each rat was observed. After the treatment for 12 weeks ended, the serum levels of total testosterone (TT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), androstenedione, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) of the rats were measured with ELISA and mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1(PPARG1) and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in the ovaries of the rats were detected with real-time quantitative PCR.
Results: The serum levels of LH/FSH, FAI and androstenedione of the PCOS model rats were the highest among all the groups (P0.05). The serum levels of androstenedione of the rats from CHM1 group were significantly lower than those of CHM2 group (P
RP-HPLC DETERMINATION OF GINSENOSIDES RG1 AND RB1 IN PANAX GINSENG FRUITS
Authors: Liu Ying , He Qingnan , Liu Donghai , Wan Wuqing , Liu Xiaoyan , Wen Chuan , Fang Wenjing , Zhou Wenqi , Xia Zhenkun 
Published: June 2023

Background: At present, there has been a lot of research at home and abroad on the roots, stems and leaves of Panax Ginseng as well as their extracts, but the fruits of Panax Ginseng have been relatively little studied. Materials and Methods: To establish a method for determination of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 in Panax Ginseng fruits. RP-HPLC method is adopted, column used is a ZOBAX SB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mnl, 5 μm), mobile phase A is water, and B is acetonitrile, gradient elution conditions are: 0~20 min (A:B 20:80), 20~60 min (A:B 20~35: 80~65); and detection wavelength 203 nm.
Results: Ginsenosides Rgl and Rb1 have good linear relationships within the ranges of 1.04~10.40 μg and 0.50~5.00 μg, respectively, and r is 0.9998 and 0.9997; reproducibility and recovery of the method are both in line with requirements. Conclusion: The method established is simple, accurate and fast, which is suitable for the simultaneous determination of ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb1 in Panax Ginseng fruits.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THREE MEDICINAL PLANTS (ARTEMISIA INDICA, MEDICAGO FALCATA AND TECOMA STANS)
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Adnan Muhammad , Tariq Akash , Akhtar Basreen , Ullah Riaz , AbdElsalam Naser M. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Artemisia indica, Medicago falcata and Tecoma stans are traditionally being use for medicinal purposes in Pakistan. Present study was designed to check in-vitro efficacy of these plants against selected bacterial and fungal strains.
Methodology: Chloroform, butanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of these plants were used for antimicrobial screening. Antibacterial activity was tested against four pathogenic bacterial strains i.e. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus while antifungal activity was tested against four fungal strains i.e. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium solani.
Results: Chloroform, butanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Artemisia indica, Medicago falcata and Tecoma stans showed high inhibitory activities (between 15-20 mm) against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. However, all extracts of Artemisia indica showed inhibitory activities (12-14 mm) against Salmonella typhi. As antifungal activities, the n-Hexane and chloroform extracts of Artemisia indica have completely inhibited the growth of Aspergillus flavus and Fusariun solani, respectively. Ethyl acetate and butanol extract of Medicago falcata completely inhibited Fusarium solani and Aspergillus fumigates, respectively. The n-hexane extract of Tecoma stan completely inhibited Fusarium solani, while its ethyl acetate extract shows excellent activity against Aspergillus niger.
Conclusions: These findings provide scientific evidence of traditional use of medicinal plants and also indicate the potential of these plants for the development of antimicrobial agents.
ANTRODIA CINNAMOMEA EXTRACT ATTENUATES CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED CHRONIC LIVER FIBROSIS IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS
Authors: Lan Chuan-Ching , Tsai Yueh-Ting , Huang Chun-Chih 
Published: June 2023

Background: Antrodia cinnamomea (AC) mycelia have been traditionally used by majority of the indigenous populace in Taiwan for symptoms including treating alcohol intoxication. Other beneficial effects have been studied at some point. The present study evaluated the hepato-protection effects in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Methods: The model used carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to induce a chronic liver injury in male rats. Animals were treated with silymarin 200 mg/kg and AC mycelia at doses of 206, 619 and 1,032 mg/kg. The effects of AC on hepatic enzyme markers alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST) and other biochemical parameters were measured in the CCl4 -induced rats.
Results: AC demonstrated a hepato-protective effect by decreasing ALT and AST levels and increasing albumin levels in CCl4 treated rats. The effects of AC on the activity of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. AC administration restored the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GrD). The degree of liver fibrosis was significantly reduced by AC administration in CCl4 -treated rats.
Conclusion: These results suggest that AC could protect the hepatocytes from CCl4 -induced liver injury likely via an antioxidant mechanism.
A NOVEL ACYCLIC DITERPENIC ALCOHOL ISOLATED FROM ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF CENTAUROTHAMNUS MAXIMUS GROWN IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: SIDDIQUI NASIR ALI , Al Enezi Mohammed A. , Alam Perwez , Haqque Anzarul , Ali Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

Background: Isolation and characterization of a new compound from the antioxidant active ethanol extract of leaves of an endemic plant Centaurothamnus maximus.
Methods: The air dried powdered leaves of the plant was extracted successively with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. The obtained extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure using rotary evaporator. The antioxidant activity was carried out on various concentrations (1000, 500, 100, 50 and 10 µg/ml) of all the extracts by DPPH free radical scavenging method. After screening for antioxidant potential the ethanol fraction was selected for the isolation of phytoconstituents by column chromatography using LiChroprep RP-18 as stationary phase and water, MeOH and CHCl3 in different combinations as eluent. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques (DEPT, COSY, H M B C and HSQC) aided by EIMS mass and IR spectra.
Results: The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract was highly comparable with standard ascorbic acid as compared to other extracts. A new compound along with two known compounds has been isolated from antioxidant active ethanol extract. The chemical structure of unknown compound was established as 2, 6, 10, 14-tetramethyl hexadec-12-cis-en-5α, 7α, 9α, 14α-tetraol (CM1) while the known compound isolated Luteolin-7-O-β-glucopyranosyl-6''-O-(6''→1''')-β-D-rhamno-pyranoside (CM-2) and stigmast-5,22–dien-3β –ol (CM3).
Conclusion: On the basis of interpretation of different spectroscopy data we concluded that the compound CM1 is an acyclic diterpenic alcohol. The authors are reporting the isolation of CM1 from plant source for the first time but CM2 and CM3 are known compounds. Ethanol extract of leaves can be recommended as potent antioxidant for ethno-medical purposes. The antioxidant properties might be due to some well-known antioxidants like (CM-2) and other falvonoidal compounds.
EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITIES OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM SPERANSKIA TUBERCULATA
Authors: Zhou Yan-Xi , Wang Su-Juan , Li Yuan , Xia Wei , Meng Xiong-Yu , Peng Cheng , Zhang Hong 
Published: June 2023

Background: Speranskia tuberculata (Bunge) Baill, has been used to prevent and treat many diseases in Chinese folk medicine, nevertheless, few investigations had been reported.
Materials and Methods: Animals were orally administered STE at the doses of 125, 250, 500 mg/kg. The analgesic effect was estimated in mice by hot-plate test and the acetic acid-induced writhing test. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed using rat paw edema model elicited by fresh egg white and the mouse ear edema model caused by dimethylbenzene. The antipyretic effect was determined using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat fever model. In addition, the acute oral toxicity of STE was studied.
Results: STE significantly and dose-dependently reduced the number of writhing responses in mice, prolonged reaction time of mice against heat stimulation, depressed egg white-induced paw edema in rats and the dimethylbenzene-caused ear edema in mice, but did not alleviate LPS-induced pyrexia in rats. No death of mice was observed when orally administered STE up to 52.8 g/kg (approximately 2080 times of clinical dose used).
Conclusion: STE possesses evident analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, but has no antipyretic effect. Furthermore STE has a favorable safety. These findings support the applications of Speranskia tuberculata as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug in folk medicine.
CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE AND PREDNISONE INCREASE PROPORTION OF SPLENIC CD4+CD25-FOXP3+ CELLS AND ALLEVIATE GLOMERULAR LESION IN MRL/LPR MICE
Authors: Ning Lin , Zhong Jiaxi , Ye Liu , Jieying Feng , Ganghua Huang , Xia Sun 
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study investigated the effects of Chinese herbal medicine and prednisone on CD4+FoxP3+ T cells (Tregs) and Th17 cells in the MRL/lpr mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Methods: MRL/lpr mice were treated with herbal medicine (yin-nourishing and heat-clearing therapy), prednisone, and a combination of both for 7 weeks. The proportions of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells, CD4+CD25-FoxP3+ cells, and CD4+IL-17+ cells in splenic mononuclear cell suspension were determined by flow cytometry. Histological slices of kidneys were stained by H&E, PAS, and Masson’s method. Activity indexes (AI) of glomerular lesions were scored.
Results: The result showed that both herbal medicine and prednisone significantly increased the proportion of CD4+CD25-FoxP3+ cells (P
EFFECTS OF DANCHI DECOCTION ON P450AROM, SURVIVIN OF EUTOPIC ENDOMETRIUM OF PATIENTSWITH ENDOMETRIOSIS AFTER CONSERVATIVE SURGERY
Authors: Yang Yanhuan , Zhao RuiHua , Hao ZengPing , Li Li , Xu Cai , Cui YangYang 
Published: June 2023

Background: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease, which can seriously affect the physical and mental health of patients. However,
there is not a satisfactory way to treat endometriosis with a low recurrence rate.
Materials and Methods: Including twenty patients with endometriosis given conservative surgery, a prospective clinical study was performed
with randomly grouping and positive control. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine (WM) groups were given Danchi
decoction and GnRH-a or gestrinone respectively. Treatment was given in 1–5 days during the first menstruation. The eutopic endometriums
were collected before and 3 months after the treatment, respectively. Then immunohistochemistry was performed to obtain the expressions of
P450arom and survivin. In the normal control (NC) group no drugs were administered.
Results: Before the treatment, the expressions of P450arom and survivin in both TCM and WM groups were much higher than the NC group
(P0.05). The expressions of the two groups were remarkably decreased after
the treatment (P0.05).
Conclusion: Danchi decoction can control the recurrence of endometriosis by restraining abnormal secretion of aromatizing enzyme and
regulating cell apoptosis in eutopic endometrium. Excessive expressions of aromatizing enzyme and decreased apoptosis are a possible
mechanism of endometriosis recurrence.
EFFECTS OF CIJI HUA’AI BAOSHENG FORMULA ON APOPTOSIS CORRELATION FACTORS OF TUMOR CHEMOTHERAPY MODEL MOUSE WITH H22 HEPATOMA CARCINOMA CELLS
Authors: Cheng Yao , Xi Shengyan , Wang Yanhui , Gong Yuewen , Xu Yangxinzi , Shi Mengmeng , Loy Guanjie , Zhao Xinyue 
Published: June 2023

Background: Ciji Hua’ai Baosheng Formula (CHBF) is a traditional Chinese empirical formula that can help the tumor patients who received chemotherapy to antagonize the toxin and side-effects so as to improve and prolong the life. This study is to evaluate the effects of Ciji Hua’ai Baosheng Formula on apoptosis correlation factors of transplanted tumor chemotherapy model mouse with H22 hepatoma carcinoma cells through detecting the protein level of serum Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the protein expression of CyclinD1 in femur bone marrow.
Materials and Methods: H22 hepatoma carcinoma cells were cultivated and diluted to 2×107/ml, and a total of 50 specific pathogen-free Kunming mice were injected subcutaneously into the right anterior armpit with H22 hepatoma carcinoma cells, after 7 days, all mice had formed tumors and were used peritoneal injection of Cytoxan (CTX) (200mg/kg) to establish the mouse chemotherapy model with transplanted tumor, then they were randomly divided into 5 groups such as model, positive control (CTX, 0.033g/kg) and three CHBF (117g/kg, 58.5g/kg and 29.25g/kg) groups with 10 mice in each group. They were administered next day after making model. Survival state was observed. After administering for 10 days, pathological tissue structural change was detected by light microscope, blood was collected through pricking eyeball, protein level of serum Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and EGFR was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the protein expression of CyclinD1 in femur bone marrow was detected by immunohistochemisty.
Results: Under the light microscope, the deteriorated degree of tumor tissue and the proliferation degree of tumor cells in three CHBF groups were obviously milder than that of model group. The protein content of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax and effective enzyme Caspase-3 in CHBF (58.5g/kg and 29.25g/kg) groups were obviously higher than that of model groups (P
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF WY14643 IN HEPATIC ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY VIA SUPPRESSING THE ACTIVATION OF TLR4/NF-ΚB P65 SIGNAL PATHWAY.
Authors: Zhou Yu-rong , Zhang Jiong , Wei-wei He , Wang Jia , Wang Fang 
Published: June 2023

Background: Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a disaster common critical event which frequently occurs in a variety of clinical
scenarios. To investigate the protective effect of Wy14643 (WY) precondition against hepatic ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and its
potential mechanism.
Methods: Thirty Sprague–Dawley male rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into three groups (n=10) including the sham-operated
+saline group (Sham), the ischemic-reperfusion+ vehicle (IRI), and the WY14643 preconditioning group (WY). The three groups were
pretreated with saline, ethanol and WY, at 1 h before ischemia with a concentration of 10 mg/kg , respectively. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion
(I/R) was induced by clamping blood supply to the left lateral and median lobes of the liver for 90 min. Blood samples and liver tissues were
obtained at the end of 4h reperfusion. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured. The histological changes of hepatic tissues were examanied by HE staining. The expression of
interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA and RT-PCR. Moreover, the
expression of TLR-4 , I-, Myd88, p65 and PPAR- were detected by western blotting.
Result: After 4 h reperfusion, compared with the IRI group, the liver dysfunction (ALT, AST and LDH), damage score, the expression
of TNF-α , IL-6, and IL-1β, the protein expression level of TLR4, Myd88, the phosphorylation level of IκB- and p65 in the WY group was
significantly decreased (all P
AN INVENTORY OF INDIGENOUS PLANTS USED AS ANTHELMINTICS IN AMATHOLE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY OF THE EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Wintola Olubunmi Abosede , Afolayan Anthony J. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are among the most common chronic human infections in developing countries; particularly within the
tropical and subtropical regions. An ethno-botanical survey was carried out to document medicinal plants used for the treatment of intestinal worms
in Amathole District Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province (ECP), South Africa
Materials and methods: A questionnaire-guided interview of the indigenous people by random sampling was done with the help of an interpreter
during the survey of the district.
Results: Medicinal plants mostly used for traditional management of intestinal worms were selected from 13 plant families: Alliaceae,
Anacardiaceae, Asphodelaceae, Asteraceae, Crassulaceae, Dracaenaceae, Fabaceae, Hypoxidaceae, Lamiaceae, Longaniaceae, Punicaceae,
Polygonaceae, and Verbenaceae. Out of these, Hypoxis hererocallidea (17%), Strychonos henningsii (14%), Rumex lanceolatus (12%), Ozoroa
mucronata (9%) and Acacia karoo (9%) belonging to the families Hypoxidaceae, Longaniaceae, Polygonaceae, Anacardiaceae and Fabaceae
respectively were found as the most cited, the least cited plant was Cotyledon orbiculata (2%). Leaves and roots from these plants were found to commonly used (36%), followed by the root (27%), bark (14%), the bulb and stem (9%), and rhizome collectively constitute (5%). Oral method administration by decoction (50%) and infusion (39%) was however found to be a common method by respondents.
Conclusion: The current study however showed that ethno-pharmacological knowledge of the traditional healers in ECP largely depends on naturally
growing species, documentation of which will go a long way in validating the therapeutic uses and safety of these plants as anthelmintic plants.