bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The credibility of newscasts in public service media in Spain
Authors: Soengas-Pérez Xosé , Rodríguez-Castro Marta , Campos-Freire Francisco 
Published: April 2023

The audiences of generalist television's newscasts reflect that the viewers’ interests and loyalties are constantly changing. Research shows that several elements influence the success of programs and formats, but in this paper, we draw attention to the factors that determine the credibility of newscasts. We also want to know how pluralism is safeguarded in newscasts, as we consider that credibility and pluralism are two intertwined values that influence one another. As credibility is a subjective value, it is required to find new information criteria that is suitable and of the utmost rigor. The main aim is to delve into whether there is a consensus on the basic parameters for the definition, identification, and assessment of credibility of nationwide public service media in Spain. Moreover, we are also interested in whether audience figures can be used to determine the degree of trust of newscasts. The analysis brings forward the observations of researchers, scholars and media professionals that offer a vision on the different approaches that integrate the multiple aspects affecting news consumption and interpretation. We conclude that credibility is a concept composed of multidimensional components, resulting from a process where different filters condition fact perception. That is why a story can have different meanings, related to the different point of views of citizens.
Las audiencias de los informativos de las televisiones generalistas reflejan que el interés y la fidelidad de los espectadores cambian constantemente. Numerosas investigaciones demuestran que existen elementos que intervienen en el éxito de programas y formatos, pero aquí analizamos qué factores determinan la credibilidad de los informativos. Y también queremos conocer cómo se garantiza el pluralismo en los telediarios, porque la credibilidad y el pluralismo son valores que están relacionados entre sí y se condicionan mutuamente. Como la credibilidad es un valor subjetivo, es necesario buscar criterios informativos que permitan analizarla con rigor. El objetivo principal es averiguar si existe un consenso sobre los parámetros que sirven para definir, identificar y valorar la credibilidad en la televisión pública estatal en España. Además, interesa saber si los índices de audiencia sirven para determinar el grado de confianza en los informativos. Aquí aportamos las observaciones de investigadores, expertos académicos y profesionales, que ofrecen una visión de las diferentes perspectivas que integran los múltiples aspectos que condicionan la lectura y la interpretación de las noticias. Una conclusión transversal que se extrae de esta investigación es que la credibilidad es un concepto con componentes multidimensionales, fruto de un proceso en el que intervienen varios filtros que condicionan la percepción de los hechos. Por eso un relato puede tener múltiples significados, que se corresponden con los diferentes puntos de vista de los ciudadanos.
The four P's on the Internet: Pornography, plagiarism, piracy and permission
Authors: Cuervo-Sánchez Sandra Liliana , Etxague Itxaro 
Published: April 2023

Access to youth culture by adolescents has changed as new communication technologies have found new ways of offering media content to viewers. Adolescents today access more content more frequently. However, the greater their exposure, the higher the likelihood of this leading to risk behaviors such as access to pornography, plagiarism, piracy and copyright violation. The aim of the present study is, therefore, to determine the frequency of these risk behaviors linked to the Internet content accessed and downloaded by minors, analyzing this variable in accordance with gender, age and context (Spain, Italy and Greece). We analyzed the responses provided by 2,529 adolescents (1,264 girls/1,262 boys) aged between 10 and 17 years from Spain, Italy and Greece. In general, adolescent boys, especially those aged 16 and 17 years, reported engaging more frequently in risk behaviors, particularly in reference to accessing youth culture content. Likewise, in terms of context, the highest means were observed among participants from Attica (Greece) and the Madrid Region (Spain), whereas the lowest means were observed in the Marche Region (Italy) and Navarre (Spain). The results revealed statistically significant differences in terms of gender, age and context. Thereby, they highlight the importance of focusing on media education from a gender perspective.
El acceso a la cultura juvenil por parte de los adolescentes se ha transformado en la medida en que las nuevas tecnologías en comunicación han venido introduciendo cambios en la manera de ofrecer los contenidos mediáticos. Los adolescentes acceden a más contenido y con mayor frecuencia. Sin embargo, a mayor exposición, mayores posibilidades de acciones de riesgo, como acceso a pornografía, plagio, piratería y omisión de los derechos de autor. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la frecuencia de estas acciones de riesgo referentes a los contenidos a los que acceden los menores y a las descargas realizadas en Internet analizando dicha frecuencia según el género, la edad y el contexto (España, Italia y Grecia). Para ello, se analizaron las respuestas de 2.529 adolescentes (1.264 chicas/1.262 chicos) de entre 10 y 17 años de España, Italia y Grecia. A nivel general, los chicos manifiestan realizar con mayor frecuencia acciones de riesgo, especialmente en referencia al acceso de contenidos de cultura juvenil, y, sobre todo, entre los 16 y 17 años. Respecto al contexto, la media más alta la presentan los participantes de Attica (Grecia) y de la Comunidad de Madrid (España), mientras que la más baja la presentan los de la Región de Marche (Italia) y Navarra (España). Los resultados indican que las diferencias en cuanto al género, a la edad y al contexto son estadísticamente significativos. Así, se resalta la importancia de trabajar en la educación en medios de comunicación desde una perspectiva de género.
The COVID-19 vaccine on Facebook: A study of emotions expressed by the Brazilian public
Authors: Fernandes-de-Oliveira Geilson , Massarani Luisa , Oliveira Thaiane , Scalfi Graziele , Alves-dos-Santos-Junior Marcelo 
Published: April 2023

Vaccines are an essential public health resource for disease containment and reduction of associated mortality rates. With the emergence of COVID-19, public debates on the themes of vaccines and vaccination processes became important topics on diverse media and social networking platforms. In this article, our objective was to identify and reflect on the emotions evoked in the Brazilian public with respect to the COVID-19 vaccine during 2020 and 2021 on Facebook. To achieve this, we used the Crowdtangle graphical interface to extract complete copies of posts made by public Facebook profiles during this timeframe, from which a random sample of 1,067 posts was selected for analysis. Identification of emotions was performed using the Human-Machine Interaction Network on Emotion (HUMAINE) descriptors as a baseline reference. Emotions were then grouped into categories following Core Affect Model guidelines. Data analysis and interpretation indicated a prevalence of positive emotions such as trust, interest, and hope directed toward vaccines in the Brazilian domestic scenario. Negative emotions such as worry and disapproval were also expressed, albeit in reference to contextual issues (for example, the spread of COVID-19, delays in vaccine access, and the emergence of new variants) and public figures, such as the President of Brazil.
Las vacunas son un recurso de salud pública esencial para la contención de enfermedades y la reducción de las tasas de mortalidad asociadas. Con la aparición de la COVID-19, los debates públicos sobre los temas de las vacunas y los procesos de vacunación se convirtieron en temas importantes en diversos medios y plataformas de redes sociales. En este artículo, nuestro objetivo fue identificar y reflexionar sobre las emociones evocadas en el público brasileño con respecto a la vacuna COVID-19 durante 2020 y 2021 en Facebook. Para lograr esto, utilizamos la interfaz gráfica de Crowdtangle para extraer copias completas de las publicaciones realizadas por los perfiles públicos de Facebook durante este período de tiempo, de las cuales se seleccionó para el análisis una muestra aleatoria de 1.067 publicaciones. La identificación de las emociones se realizó utilizando los descriptores de Red de Interacción Hombre-Máquina en la Emoción (Human-Machine Interaction Network on Emotion, HUMAINE) como referencia. Luego, las emociones se agruparon en categorías siguiendo el Modelo de Afecto Central (Core Affect Model). El análisis y la interpretación de los datos indicaron una prevalencia de emociones positivas relacionadas a las vacunas, como confianza, interés y esperanza, en el escenario doméstico brasileño. También se expresaron emociones negativas como preocupación y desaprobación, aunque en referencia a cuestiones contextuales (por ejemplo, la propagación de COVID-19, retrasos en el acceso a la vacuna y la aparición de nuevas variantes) y figuras públicas, como el presidente de Brasil.
Current Landscape of IFN-λ: Induction, Inhibition, and Potential Clinical Applications to Treat Respiratory Viral Infections
Authors: Martínez-Espinoza Iván , Guerrero-Plata Antonieta 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
IFN-λ or type III IFN is an important mediator of antiviral response. Several respiratory viruses induce the production of IFN-λ during their course of infection. However, they have also developed intricate mechanisms to inhibit its expression and activity. Despite a considerable amount of research on the regulatory mechanisms of respiratory viruses on the IFN-λ response, little is still known about the effect of this cytokine on immune cells and the antiviral effects of all IFN-λ isoforms, and a better understanding of the detrimental effects of IFN-λ treatment is required. Here we highlight the relevance of IFN-λ as an antiviral cytokine in the respiratory tract. Data from studies in vitro, ex vivo, experimental animal models, and ongoing clinical trials emphasize the therapeutic opportunity that IFN-λ represents to treat and prevent different types of respiratory viral infections.
Compensatory Kinetics During the Side-Hop Test in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Ono Kyoya , Yoshida Takuya , Ota Kazuki , Tanigawa Satoru 
Published: April 2023

Context
Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) exhibit altered movement strategies during side-cutting tasks. However, no researchers have assessed how altered movement strategies affect cutting performance.

Objective
To investigate compensatory strategies in the side-hop test (SHT), with a focus on the entire lower extremity, among individuals with CAI.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 40 male soccer players comprising a CAI group (n = 20; age = 20.35 ± 1.15 years, height = 173.95 ± 6.07 cm, mass = 68.09 ± 6.73 kg) and a control group (n = 20; age = 20.45 ± 1.50 years, height = 172.39 ± 4.39 cm, mass = 67.16 ± 4.87 kg).

Intervention(s)
Participants performed 3 successful SHT trials.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
We calculated SHT time, torque, and torque power in the ankle, knee, and hip joints during the SHT using motion-capture cameras and force plates. Confidence intervals for each group that did not overlap by &gt;3 points consecutively in the time series data indicated a difference between groups.

Results
Compared with the control group, the CAI group showed (1) no delayed SHT time; (2) lower ankle-inversion torque (range = 0.11–0.13 N·m/kg) and higher hip-extension (range = 0.18–0.72 N·m/kg) and -abduction torque (0.26 N·m/kg); (3) less concentric power in ankle dorsiflexion-plantar flexion (0.18 W/kg) and inversion-eversion (0.40 W/kg), more concentric power in hip flexion-extension (0.73 W/kg), and more eccentric power in knee varus-valgus (0.27 W/kg).

Conclusions
Individuals with CAI were likely to rely on hip-joint function to compensate for ankle instability and demonstrated no differences in SHT time compared with the control group. Therefore, the movement strategies of individuals with CAI could differ from those of individuals without CAI, even if SHT time is not different.
Models of Video Feedback for Youth Athletes Performing an American Football Tackle
Authors: Schussler Eric , Jagacinski Richard J. , Chaudhari Ajit , Buford John A. , Onate James A. 
Published: April 2023

Context
Video feedback is an expeditious method for improving athlete safety when performing activities with an inherent risk of injury. Providing appropriate and validated feedback during tackling training in American football may be a mechanism for athletes to learn safe tackling performance.

Objective
To determine the effect of video feedback in the instruction of tackling form.

Design
Controlled laboratory study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 32 youth football athletes (28 boys, 4 girls; age = 11.8 ± 0.8 years) participated in 1 day of training. Of those, 14 participants completed 2 additional days of training and a 48-hour retention and transfer test.

Intervention(s)
Video feedback using self as model, expert as model, combined self and expert model, and oral feedback to promote safe tackling performance in a laboratory environment.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Shoulder extension, cervical extension, trunk angle, pelvis height, and step length by training block and over time.

Results
For the 1-day training group, main effects for time were observed for shoulder extension (P &lt; .01), cervical extension (P = .01), pelvis height (P &lt; .01), and step length (P &lt; .01), with better performance for pelvis height and step length after combined feedback. For the 3-day training group, main effects of time were identified in pelvis height (P &lt; .01) and step length (P &lt; .01), with combined feedback showing better performance than other methods in shoulder extension and pelvis height. Combined feedback resulted in better performance compared with its component parts and oral feedback alone. In the combined model, participants viewed both their performance and the expert model, enabling them to see the difference between current and required performance.

Conclusions
Combined feedback may be superior to other forms of feedback in improving movement performance. This effect can be generalized across disciplines that provide instruction and feedback in movement.
Two-six Hours is the Optimal Timing of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection After Oocyte Pickup
Authors: Singh Neeta , Malhotra Neena , Mahey Reeta , Patel Garima , Saini Monika 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Optimal incubation period for oocyte competence remains contentious despite intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) being in practice for 34 years. Dilemma exists as the current literature favors both early and delayed denudation with equivocal results. With ever-rising demand for the procedure this conundrum continues to plague the clinical outcomes.

Aims:
This study attempts to provide a consensus regarding optimal time duration required for incubating the oocytes after oocyte pickup(OPU) and time to perform ICSI.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective study in a tertiary centre.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective 10-year cohort study including 726 ICSI cycles was conducted in a single tertiary care infertility centre. All cycles comprised at least one metaphase-II oocyte injected with one good quality sperm followed by fresh embryo transfer. The cohort was broadly divided into two groups: (a) Group 1: OPU-ICSI <4 hours(n=466) and (b) Group 2: OPU-ICSI>4 hours(n=260).

Statistical Analysis Used:
The fertilization(FR) and clinical pregnancy rates(CPR) were compared using the Pearson Chi-square test. The OPU-ICSI interval were subdivided into one-hourly intervals and CPR was compared after adjustment for multiple comparisons by holm method.

Results:
The FR and CPR were similar between Group 1 and Group 2(p>0.05). Comparing CPR for each one-hourly OPU-ICSI interval revealed no significant clinical difference (p>0.05) amongst one another, however, the CPR was maximum for 2-3 hours as the OPU-ICSI interval.

Conclusion:
With no significant clinical difference amongst various temporal groups, this study advocates and reinstates 2-6 hours as the optimal timing for ICSI after the OPU. This will also translate into better time management for both embryologists and clinicians and help them prioritise the laboratory workflow.
The Impact of High Circulating Anti-Müllerian Hormone on Endometrial Thickness and Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Technology in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Aboelfadle , Al-Hussaini Tarek K. , Hussein Reda S. , Abdallah Karim S. , Amer Saad A. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Elevated circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in women with the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been found to have a detrimental effect on endometrial function. This may adversely affect the outcome of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) in PCOS women.

Aims:
To investigate the impact of high serum AMH concentrations on endometrial thickness (ET) and the outcome of IVF in women with PCOS.

Settings and Design:
This retrospective cohort study included all PCOS women who underwent fresh IVF\intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles between January 2016 and December 2021 in one major IVF centre.

Materials and Methods:
PCOS diagnosis was based on Rotterdam criteria, and participants were identified from centre database. All women received antagonist protocol. Primary outcomes were trigger-day ET and live birth rate (LBR). Circulating AMH was correlated with ET and ovarian response.

Statistical Analysis Used:
AMH levels were compared between women with and without live birth. ET and LBRs were compared between women with AMH <7.0 ng/ml versus those with AMH ≥7.0 ng/ml.

Results:
The study included 102 PCOS women, of which six were excluded due to poor response (n = 4), hyperresponse (n = 1) or fertilisation failure (n = 1). Of the remaining 96 women, 42 (43.8%) achieved a live birth. There was no statistically significant (P > 0.05) correlation between AMH and ET. Mean ± standard deviation AMH concentration was not significantly (P > 0.05) different between women with live birth (6.5 ± 3.4 ng/ml) and those without (6.5 ± 2.4 ng/ml). High AMH positively correlated with the number of oocytes retrieved, metaphase II oocytes and embryos (P = 0.003, 0.006 and 0.006, respectively). There was no statistically significant (P > 0.05) difference in ET or LBR between women with AMH <7.0 ng/ml (n = 72; ET, 10.7 ± 1.8 mm; LBR, 45.8% [33/72] versus those with AMH ≥7.0 ng/ml (n = 24; ET, 10.8 ± 1.7 mm; LBR, 37.5% [9/24]).

Conclusions:
High circulating AMH in PCOS women does not seem to negatively affect ET or LBRs during assisted reproductive technology.
Effect of High dose Gonadotropin Stimulation on Follicular Atresia through Light Chain 3B and Voltage Dependent Anion Channel 2
Authors: Özbilgin Mahmut Kemal , Öztatlıcı Mustafa , Üçöz Meltem 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Follicle development takes place under the control of hormonal and environmental stimuli. It suggested that to improve in vitro fertilisation outcomes in poor responders increasing gonadotropin doses be used. Excessive gonadotropin leads to atresia and impairs follicular development, but the molecular mechanisms of follicular atresia remain largely unknown. Recently, it was suggested that autophagy may be an alternative mechanism involved in follicle depletion.

Aims:
In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of autophagic markers such as light chain (LC) 3B and voltage dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) in follicular atresia using the high dose gonadotropin stimulation.

Settings and Design:
The female 24 BALB/c mice were employed in the present study under the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals guidelines with ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee. These mice were categorised into four groups, with six rats in each as control and test animals.

Materials and Methods:
Group 1 (control): no action will be taken. Group 2 (sham): only saline will be applied. Group 3: low-dose gonadotropin Pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) + human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) will be applied. Group 4: high-dose gonadotropin + HCG will be applied. The animals were sacrificed 48 h after the last injection. For all group samples, both protein and mRNAs of the LC3B and VDAC2 were examined by immunohistochemical and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction techniques.

Statistical Analysis Used:
All variables were analysed using GraphPad Prism 8. Kruskal–Wallis t-test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare immunohistochemical results; in addition to this, parametric one-way ANOVA test and Shapiro–Wilk test were applied for quantitative polymerase chain reaction statistics.

Results:
An increased number of atretic follicles were observed in the high-dose gonadotropin + HCG group. LC3B immunoreactivity of the atretic secondary follicles in the high-dose group is higher than in other groups. The expression of VDAC2 protein in the secondary and Graafian follicles and also VDAC2 mRNA in the ovary were more highly expressed in the control and sham groups. The decrease in VDAC2 mRNA level and immunohistochemical expression was remarkable in the low-dose and high-dose follicle-stimulating hormone groups compared to the control and sham groups.

Conclusion:
In this study, the increased LC3B and decreased VDAC2 expression, which are autophagy markers, were observed in both the gonadotropins groups, so we suggested that high doses of gonadotropins may cause ovarian atresia.
High-Risk Genotypes Associated with Poor Response to Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in Indian Women
Authors: Udumudi Anuradha , Lava K. Chaitra , Hegde Vandana 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Infertility is a global burden and has become exceedingly common in the preceding years; controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is a pre-requisite for couples opting to conceive via in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Based on the number of oocytes retrieved upon COS, a patient may be classified as a good responder or poor responder. The genetic aspect of response to COS has not been elucidated in the Indian population.

Aims:
This study aimed to establish a genomic basis for COS in IVF in the Indian population and to understand its predictive value.

Settings and Design:
The patient samples were collected at both Hegde Fertility Centre and GeneTech laboratory. The test was carried out at GeneTech, a diagnostic research laboratory based in Hyderabad, India. Patients with infertility without any history of polycystic ovary syndrome and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were included in the study. Detailed clinical, medical and family history was obtained from patients. The controls had no history of secondary infertility or pregnancy losses.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 312 females were included in the study comprising 212 women with infertility and 100 controls. Next-generation sequencing technology was employed to sequence multiple genes associated with response to COS.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analysis using odds ratio was carried out to understand the significance of the results obtained.

Results:
Strong association of c.146G>T of AMH, c.622-6C>T of AMHR2, c.453-397T>C and c.975G>C of ESR1, c.2039G>A of FSHR and c.161+4491T>C of LHCGR with infertility and response to COS was established. Further, combined risk analysis was carried out to establish a predictive risk factor for patients with a combination of the genotypes of interest and biochemical parameters commonly considered during IVF procedures.

Conclusion:
This study has enabled the identification of potential markers pertaining to response to COS in the Indian population.