bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between wide-ranging food intake and Parkinson’s disease: a comprehensive mendelian randomization study
Authors: Su Yana , Hao Yulei , Dong Wanhui , Qiu Ruqing , Zhang Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, including dietary habits. Despite considerable research, the relationship between food intake and PD risk remains poorly understood. Here, we conducted a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the association between a wide spectrum of food intake and PD risk. Utilizing data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and dietary databases, we constructed genetic instruments for various dietary factors, including fruit, vegetable, meat, fish, dairy, and grain intake, among others, totaling 170 different food items. Using multivariable inverse variance weighted methods, we found a causal relationship between Mozzarella intake and Parkinson’s disease (odds ratio [OR] = 9.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.52–38.34, P-value < 0.05). Additionally, a causal relationship was observed between Pancake intake and Parkinson’s disease (odds ratio [OR] = 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.07–0.59, P-value < 0.05). Furthermore, our reverse Mendelian randomization analysis and multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis provided further support for these findings. To our knowledge, we are the first to investigate the causal relationship between the broad intake of 170 different food items and Parkinson’s disease. Our study reveals the causal relationships between Pancake intake, and Mozzarella intake with Parkinson’s disease.
Translation and validation of the meat attachment questionnaire (MAQ) in a French general practice population
Authors: Delaunay Bruno , Tudrej Benoit , Bernard Augustin , Dupuy Alexandra , Malavergne Claire , Bacon Trystan , Sebo Paul , Maisonneuve Hubert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Meat consumption has significant implications for both individual health and the environment. Understanding individuals’ attachment to meat is crucial for designing effective interventions to reduce consumption. The MAQ is a tool developed to assess individuals’ attachment to meat. This study aims to translate and validate the MAQ into French for use in a general practice population in France. The study was conducted in three phases: translation, pretesting through cognitive interviews, and testing through a cross-sectional study of general practice patients. Descriptive, factorial, and internal consistency analyses were performed to validate the French version of the MAQ. The French version of the MAQ consists of 17 items in four dimensions: Hedonism, Affinity, Entitlement, and Dependence. Face validity was confirmed by cognitive interviews. The RMSEA and CFI were 0.06 and 0.92 respectively, showing acceptable goodness-of-fit. Internal consistency was demonstrated with Cronbach’s alpha and Loevinger’s H coefficients exceeding 0.7 and 0.3, respectively. The French version of the MAQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing individuals’ attachment to meat in a general practice population. Its application shows promise for the design of targeted interventions to reduce meat consumption, benefiting both individual health and environmental sustainability.
Advanced IoT-integrated parking systems with automated license plate recognition and payment management
Authors: Pradhan Gulmini , Prusty Manas Ranjan , Negi Vipul Singh , Chinara Suchismita 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Urban parking management is a growing challenge with increasing vehicle numbers and limited parking space. Traditional methods often fail during peak hours, leading to inefficiencies, unauthorized usage, and revenue losses. For instance, a parking lot designed for 300 vehicles often exceeds 90% occupancy during peak times, creating congestion and billing inaccuracies. This research proposes an automated system integrating sensors, image processing, and database management to address these issues. A single camera monitors multiple parking slots, with predefined coordinates linked to IR sensors for dual verification. Image processing algorithms, including Optical Character Recognition (OCR), enable accurate license plate recognition. Testing under real-world conditions showed 95% accuracy in daylight, 90% in low light, and 93% for plates at 45-degree angles. Detection accuracy reached 88% at distances of 1.5–3 m, ensuring reliable operation even at the camera’s range limits. Occupancy tracking achieved less than a 5% error margin compared to manual methods, while the fare calculation module reduced billing errors by 90%, enhancing efficiency and revenue. The system’s scalable design supports applications in parking management, toll collection, and traffic monitoring. By improving vehicle detection, occupancy tracking, and billing accuracy, this solution addresses critical challenges in urban parking and contributes to smarter city infrastructure.
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Camellia sinensis L. extract as a potential therapeutic for atopic dermatitis through NF-κB pathway inhibition
Authors: Kim Min Jung , Yang Ye Jin , Min Ga-Yul , Heo Ji Woong , Son Jae Dong , You Young Zoo , Kim Hun Hwan , Kim Gon Sup , Lee Hu-Jang , Yang Ju-Hye , Park Kwang Il 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by immune dysregulation and excessive cytokine production. This study aimed to explore the potential of Camellia sinensis L. water extract (CSE) as a treatment for AD by the impact of CSE on inflammatory responses in keratinocytes, particularly concerning the production of inflammatory cytokines and the modulation of signaling pathways relevant to AD pathogenesis. CSE was obtained via hot water extraction from Camellia sinensis L. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analyzed catechin and caffeine content. Cell viability was assessed with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), polyphenol and flavonoid content were determined. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay measured antioxidant activity. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), western blotting, and Immunofluorescence (IF) assays examined cytokines, pathways, and protein localization, respectively. Molecular docking assessed compound binding with inflammation-related proteins. UPLC identified six CSE components including epigallocatechin (EGC) epicatechin (EC), caffeine (CF), catechin (C), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and epicatechin gallate (ECG). CSE demonstrated a significant reduction in the production of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6 in TNF-α/IFN-γ activated keratinocytes. Treatment with CSE inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which resulted in decreased phosphorylation of p38, Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Exposure of TNF-α/IFN-γ- stimulated human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells to CSE resulted in a 200 µg/mL dependent inhibition of p65 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT-1) translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus, as confirmed through immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Molecular docking simulations provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of CSE action, which supported its potential as a therapeutic agent for AD. CSE might be a potential candidate for its therapeutic efficacy for inflammatory skin conditions like AD. Thus, based on this evidence, the authors suggest that CSE should be studied further for its anti-inflammatory activities and topical application in the treatment of AD.
Three-dimensional imaging of topologically protected strings in a multiferroic nanocrystal
Authors: Najeeb Mansoor A. , Serban David , Porter Daniel G. , Lichtenberg Frank , Collins Stephen P. , Bombardi Alessandro , Spaldin Nicola A. , Newton Marcus C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Multiferroic materials can host a plethora of intriguing phenomena due to the presence of multiple ferroic properties that break both spatial inversion symmetry and time reversal symmetry at an observable scale. Hexagonal manganite multiferroics are of particular interest as the properties of their symmetry-lowering phase transition can be described by a Mexican-hat-like potential energy surface. The early universe is proposed to have undergone a symmetry-lowering phase transition that is described by a similar Mexican-hat-like potential that gives rise to the formation of one-dimensional topologically protected defects known as cosmic strings. According to the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, hexagonal manganite multiferroics can host the crystallographic equivalent of cosmic strings and can therefore serve as a testing ground for exploration of concepts in cosmology. To date, however, direct imaging of 1D topological defects in a condensed matter material system has not been achieved. Here we report on robust three-dimensional imaging of topologically protected strings in a single hexagonal manganite nanocrystal, enabled by advances in experimental techniques. Our findings reveal multiferroic strings with a preferred phase vortex winding direction and average separation of ~93 nm.
Piecewise pulse‐width modulation for neutral‐point current reduction in NPC inverter
Authors: Savastianov Mikhail , Smedley Keyue 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEffective neutral‐point balancing in a neutral‐point‐clamped inverter can yield substantial benefits, including cost reduction and efficiency improvement for the system. This article proposes a new piecewise pulse‐width modulation designed to reduce low‐frequency oscillations of the neutral‐point current without compromising the inverter power losses. The proposed piecewise modulation is simple to implement as it has one reference signal per phase. The performance of the proposed modulation is validated through comprehensive comparisons with alternative methods. The obtained simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed piecewise modulation.
Inexpensive SAR testbed for 3D mmWave imaging applications
Authors: Mahbub S M Yahea , Dawood Muhammad , Shareef Ehtesham 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this paper, the authors investigate and develop a low‐cost synthetic aperture radar (SAR) testbed and utilise it to capture and reconstruct high‐resolution 3D mmWave SAR images. Despite much attention from both industrial and academic scholars, cost restraints and complexity have hindered the deployment of SAR systems, particularly in the mmWave domain. This paper outlines the major components and systems of the 3D SAR testbed. The authors build a testbed with low‐cost, commercially available hardware components and include open‐source software that is highly reconfigurable and simple to reproduce. The multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) radar sensor uses a frequency‐modulated continuous wave (FMCW) chirp at the V‐band (40–75 GHz) and synthesises a rectilinear two‐dimensional planar aperture. The authors presented several reconstructed 3D images imitating real‐world scenarios using the testbed. A non‐linear sampling technique that has significantly decreased the amount of time required for data acquisition was implemented. In addition, the authors employed multiple image quality metrics to quantify and compare the images produced by the testbed. The testbed can be used to test and validate new techniques and algorithms.
Irradiated Homologous Costal Cartilage Grafts in Complex Functional Septorhinoplasty
Authors: Jama Guled M. , Bhanwala Sindhuja , Pericleous Agamemnon , Acharya Vikas , Unadkat Samit N. , Randhawa Premjit S. , Andrews Peter J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOptimal results in complex nasal reconstruction, particularly in the context of post-traumatic and revision septorhinoplasty, often require the use of cartilage grafts to provide additional structural support to the nose. While autologous costal cartilage (ACC) has been traditionally used, this can be limited by donor site morbidity, increased operative time, and in some cases, lack of suitable cartilage for grafting. There has been a trend towards using irradiated homologous costal cartilage (IHCC) as an alternative source of graft material. We review our departmental experience of using IHCC in functional septorhinoplasty surgery. We performed a retrospective review of electronic medical records of all patients who underwent septorhinoplasty using IHCC at a tertiary referral center between May 1, 2022, and April 30, 2024. Demographic data, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes, including rates of infection, resorption, warping, and revision were recorded and analyzed. Fifty-seven patients (34 males, 23 females) with a mean age of 41.0 years (range: 18–65 years) were included. Forty-one were revision septorhinoplasty operations, while 16 were primary cases. Almost all were performed via an open approach (98.2%). Three patients developed postoperative infection (5.3%) while one developed columellar dehiscence needing further revision surgery (1.8%). Functional and aesthetic results were otherwise satisfactory in all patients. We observed no cases of warping, resorption, or extrusion. The median length of follow-up was 279 days (interquartile range: 171–527 days). We present the largest United Kingdom series to date on the use of IHCC in septorhinoplasty surgery. Our findings support its use as a safe and effective graft material and a viable alternative to autologous sources, offering the benefits of a robust reconstructive material and shortened operative time, without the risk of donor site complications. A longer follow-up period is ideally required to evaluate its long-term structural stability.
Autogenous Block Graft with Simultaneous Implant Placement in the Aesthetic Zone: A Case Report
Authors: Heriasti Maudina Dwi , Yunial Muhammad Aryaditha , Mahendra Tri Ardi , Julia Vera , Sulistyani Lilies Dwi , Utomo Yudy Ardilla 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOsseus defects in the alveolar ridge can occur from trauma events, periodontal disease, and infections. Reconstruction of osseus defects requires bone augmentation, which is a crucial component of dental implant procedures, particularly in the aesthetic zone where the availability of sufficient bone volume can be a challenge. The symphysis block graft is a technique that has gained popularity in recent years for bone augmentation, by harvesting a small section of bone from the mandible. The standard procedure usually takes up to 3 to 6 months of a waiting period for implant placement after a bone graft procedure; however, it is not impossible to simultaneously do the single stage surgery of block graft and implant placement in the aesthetic zone. This article aims to evaluate the outcome of autogenous block graft with simultaneous implant placement procedure in the aesthetic zone in one single visit. A 21-year-old man presented with an edentulous area in the upper front teeth and wanted to get tooth replacements of his missing central and left incisors. The front teeth were avulsed and extracted after a road traffic accident 3 months earlier, and the treatment given was a closed reduction with arch bars for 2 months. The osseus defects in labio-palatal width was reconstructed with a symphysis block graft as the donor and two implants were inserted into the recipient site in a single stage surgery. A single stage surgery involving an autogenous block graft with simultaneous implant placement is an effective technique and can be considered safe with a high survival rate. However, further studies with long-term evaluations need to be conducted to provide more evidence to support this protocol.
Pedicled Abdominal Flap in the Youngest Patient Yet? A Case Report of a Newborn with Neonatal Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Sabapathy S. Raja , Dharanipriya A. , Mohan Monusha , Ramani Subramanian , Selvaraj M. , Shanmuga Krishnan R. Raja 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPedicled abdominal flaps continue to be popular in most parts of the world for covering soft tissue defects of the upper limb. There is apprehension if distant pedicled flaps can be used in children for fear of disruption. We recently had a newborn baby with neonatal compartment syndrome (NCS) of her left upper limb in whom a pedicled abdominal flap was successfully used to cover the raw area in the forearm at 41 days of life. A severely swollen limb with ischemic skin lesions associated with lack of motion of the upper limb often points to NCS. Since no guidelines exist for the diagnosis and management of NCS, a high index of suspicion and urgent fasciotomy are required to limit its sequelae. Our patient had an emergency fasciotomy elsewhere was referred to us with a precariously viable limb for salvage. The raw area in the forearm with exposed bone was successfully covered with a pedicled abdominal flap at 41 days of life. Our patient is probably the youngest patient ever to receive a pedicled abdominal flap.
Green growth dynamics: unraveling the complex role of financial development and natural resources in shaping renewable energy in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Osman Alhasan , Afjal Mohd , Alharthi Majed , Elheddad Mohamed , Djellouli Nassima , He Zhang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the complex interplay between financial development, natural resources, and renewable energy consumption in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2000 to 2020, highlighting the pivotal role of financial strategies in enhancing sustainable energy practices. Employing an array of analytical techniques, including panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE), fixed effects, random effects models, and panel-fixed quantile regression, we delve into the nuanced relationships among these critical variables. The findings reveal that while natural resources and financial development generally exert negative impacts on renewable energy consumption when considered in isolation, a significant transformation occurs when these factors interact. Specifically, the detrimental effects of natural resources on renewable energy usage are substantially mitigated by robust financial development, which not only offsets the negative impacts but also promotes renewable energy adoption. This interaction points to a synergistic relationship where strategic financial development can leverage natural resources for progressive energy outcomes. Such insights underscore the necessity of well-coordinated financial policies and resource management to foster green growth in Sub-Saharan Africa, demonstrating the urgent need for integrated approaches to achieve sustainability in the region. This research not only clarifies the dynamics of financial and natural resource interdependencies but also motivates significant policy implications for enhancing renewable energy landscapes in developing economies.
Natural genetic adaptation allows flexible reproductive behaviour: the case of wild carrot (Daucus carota L. subsp. carota) vs cultivated carrot (Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus)
Authors: Godwin Asharp , Pieralli Simone , Sofkova-Bobcheva Svetla , McGill Craig 
Published: January 2025

Context Comparing the life cycles of wild and cultivated carrots is vital for identifying any overlapping flowering periods, as wild carrots have the potential to compromise the genetic purity of commercial carrot seeds via pollen flow. However, little information is known about how juvenility, vernalization, and their interactions impact the flowering pattern of wild and cultivated carrots in New Zealand. Aims We evaluated the influence of different juvenile phases, and vernalization phases on floral characteristics and flowering behaviour of cultivated and wild carrots. Methods The study was a factorial randomized complete block design with four blocks of five plants per block, incorporating treatments of different carrot genotypes (G1, cultivated; G2, wild carrots), juvenile phases (J1, 12 weeks; J2, 8 weeks; J3, 4 weeks), and vernalization phases (V1, 12 weeks; V2, 4 weeks; V3, no vernalization). Flowering percentage, flowering time, percentage of overwinter survival, and floral traits, including number of umbels and branches, and height of floral stem were recorded and analyzed by ANOVA. Key results Cultivated carrots flowered only when exposed to 12 weeks vernalization, while wild carrots have shown 100% flowering across all treatment combinations. Wild carrots exhibited a higher overwintering survival rate (94.9–100%) than cultivated carrots (66.1–98.3%). Prolonged exposure to vernalization significantly affected the floral traits of wild carrots. Conclusions There is a high likelihood of overlapping flowering periods between wild and cultivated carrots, as wild carrots can survive as both winter and summer annuals. Implications To avoid undesirable pollen flow during overlapping flowering periods of wild and cultivated carrots, we recommend timely weed management strategies to control wild carrots.
CATI++: empirical study and evaluation for adjacent instruction enhanced type inference
Authors: Chen Ligeng , He Zhongling , Qian Yi , Mao Bing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Variable-type information is fundamental, and it greatly helps in understanding the program semantics. Previous work applies rule-based and machine learning-based methods to recover variable types from commercial off-the-shelf binaries, heavily relying on the data flow or control flow. However, according to our study, about half of the variables lacked or even had no data flow; this problem has not received much attention from previous work. We empirically explore the severity of this problem to the type inference task and analyze its root causes. Based on compilation properties, we find that the instructions surrounding the instructions that operate on variables provide good contextual information that can be used for co-encoding to overcome the above problem. In this paper, we present an effective machine learning-based method to infer variable types and overcome the challenge of limited data dependency via adjacent instructions co-encoding. Therefore, we implement a system called CATI++, which locates variables from stripped binaries and infers 19 types of variables. We evaluate CATI++ on different compilation options, all of which outperforms state-of-the-art methods. The ablation experiments verify that our scheme is not sensitive to compilation conditions, while our designed method effectively alleviates the problems caused by missing data dependency.