bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OCT Patterns of Macular Edema in Intermediate Uveitis
Authors: Panova I. E. , Gvazava V. G. 
Published: January 2025

Objective. To evaluate characteristic OCT morphological characteristic of initial presentation and chronic recurrent macular edema (ME) in patients with intermediate uveitis.Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients (46 eyes) with uveitic macular edema in intermediate uveitis. The first episode of macular edema was diagnosed in 20 patients (26 eyes), 15 patients (20 eyes) present with chronic recurrent macular edema. OCT was performed on the Optovue RTVue XR Avanti. The following OCT morphological characteristic were evaluated: integrity of IS/OS line, the presence of hyperreflective foci, inner nuclear layer cysts, Henle fibers layer cysts, small single cysts, diffuse retinal thickening without cystic changes, the presence of subretinal detachment.Results. Four OCT morphological variants of uveitic macular edema were identified: diffuse macular edema, small single cysts, cysts in Henle fibers layer and the inner nuclear layer with and without subretinal detachment. In the group with diffuse macular edema, the median duration of macular edema was 3 months, macular edema with Henle fibers cysts, inner nuclear layer cysts with subretinal detachment presented after 5 months (median), small single cysts and cystic changes in the layer of Henle fibers and the inner nuclear layer were detected at later times (12 and 36 months, respectively). A strong negative correlation was found between best-corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness in chronic recurrent uveitic macular edema (correlation coefficient — 0.7, p = 0.0001), while a moderate negative correlation was established in macular edema at initial presentation (correlation coefficient — 0.55, p = 0.0031). Integrity of IS/OS line was observed significantly more often (p = 0.002) in chronic recurrent macular edema (10 (83.3%)) than at initial presentation (2 (16.6%)). In the presence of IS/OS disruption, best-corrected visual acuity was significantly lower (p = 0.016).Conclusion. Identified four OCT morphological variants of uveitic macular edema were characterized by different periods of its duration, which may reflect different stages of macular edema evolution. Chronic recurrent macular edema and ME at initial presentation in uveitis are distinguished by different OCT predictors, which should be taken into account in assessing the effectiveness of treatment and prognosis of visual acuity.
Prospects for Implementing Digital Technologies in the Administration of Justice in Zimbabwe
Authors: Muparadzi T. , Mukonza R. M. 
Published: January 2025

Objective: an intensive discussion is currently going on globally on digitalization and automation of providing services in public institutions, which corresponds to the technological development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The use of digital technologies is crucial to create an optimized service delivery system. In African countries, attention is increasingly paid to the automation and digitalization of judicial activities, due to concerns about the risks of influencing justice systems. In light of this, the article is aimed at forming a promising model for the introduction and implementation of digitalization in Zimbabwe courts.Methods: the research is based on the methods of scientific analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, legal modeling, formal legal and comparative legal methods.Results: the article provides an overview of the measures taken to digitalize the system of administration of justice in various states. It also examines best practices and reveals the essence of digitalization in the judicial system in Zimbabwe. The authors identify the main existing and promising directions of the impact of digitalization on the judicial system of Zimbabwe and show the ways to promptly and effectively convert the system of justice administration into a digital format. The article identifies the advantages of digital data processing in judicial bodies and obstacles to the use of digital systems in the administration of justice. The latter result in the insufficient optimality of the Integrated Electronic Case Management System (IECMS).Scientific novelty: the study builds an optimal model for the introduction of digital technologies into the judicial system in Zimbabwe, aimed at improving the efficiency of courts digitalization and transforming the justice administration system. The authors proved that the crucial factors of achieving this goal are the auxiliary infrastructure of information and communication technologies, the level of education and awareness of citizens, and the ongoing state and legal policy.Practical significance: it is expected that the proposed model to implement digitalization in Zimbabwe courts and improve its efficiency will allow for the comprehensive and uninterrupted implementation of IECMS.
Overcoming Illegal Cross-border Transfer of Personal Data
Authors: Bakhteev D. V. , Sosnovikova A. M. , Kazenas E. V. 
Published: January 2025

Objective: to form of a comprehensive interdisciplinary legal and technological risk management model in the field of illegal cross-border transfer of personal data by eliminating legislative gaps and creating a system for automated control of outgoing information flows, as well as expert response to identified incidents.Methods: in addition to general dialectical and general scientific methods, special legal and cybernetic methods were used. For example, based on comparative legal analysis, the authors reveal differences between national and international regulation of cross-border flows of personal data. In the second section, the modeling method allows forming an algorithm for identifying information security incidents in the field of cross-border transfer of personal data and responding to them.Results: the article formulates proposals to optimize legislation in the field under study by introducing specialized protective norms for violating the rules of cross-border transfer of personal data and stipulating the operator’s obligation to notify personal data subjects of the intention to transfer the information abroad. The second section describes the concept of a software package designed to detect information security incidents in the field under consideration, as well as a model of action of an authorized representative of the operator after receiving a signal from the automated system.Scientific novelty: to solve the set problem, the work combines the knowledge and competencies of legal scientists and specialists in the field of information security, which allows an interdisciplinary approach. At the same time, it is stated that the issues of illegal crossborder transfer of personal data have not received proper coverage in science today, since Russian legislation in this area has changed recently. The authors propose not so much to strengthen the sanction for legislation violation in this area, as to ensure the punishment of persons who commit cyberattacks, and to equip personal data operators with an effective tool to minimize the risks of information leakage.Practical significance: the research results can be used to improve legislation in the field of cross-border transfer of personal data and the organization of activities of authorized employees of the personal data operator for risk management in this area.
A Novel Multivariate Time Series Dataset of Outdoor Sport Activities
Authors: Matarmaa Jarno Olavi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study introduces a novel multivariate time series dataset of 228 outdoor sport activities recorded by individual non-competitive athlete in uncontrolled environments. The dataset includes three features: Heart Rate, Speed, and Altitude, and covers five sport categories: walking, running, skiing, roller-skiing, and biking. The data was collected using two types of Garmin sport watches. The original dataset was carefully pre-processed using typical data cleansing methods such as gaps filling, and value format transformations. Furthermore, activity filtering was implemented for missing sensor value data and using domain knowledge of sport categories. Full length sequences, varying from 10 minutes to several hours, were split into equal length segments, approximately 1 minute. To address the small number of instances data was augmented using several consecutive segments from the same activity. However, only a small part of the whole original data was used as a computational cost–information gain tradeoff. Three-dimensional dataset is divided into three parts, each dimension to its own comma separated value (CSV) file. The dataset aims to provide a unique resource for researchers and practitioners in the field of sports science, human performance analysis, and activity recognition. It aims to complement the very limited or non-existent publicly available sport activity datasets.
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Forest Fire Risk and Propagation in South Sumatra Peatlands: Insights from Remote Sensing and GIS (2014–2023)
Authors: Hapsoro Cahyo Aji , Maulina Syakira Ghina , Rifai Mochamad Khoirul , Razi Pakhrur , Marzuki Marzuki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Forest fires pose a significant threat to ecological sustainability, human health, and economic stability, especially in fire-prone regions like South Sumatra, Indonesia. Peatland areas are particularly vulnerable due to their unique ecological characteristics and human-induced disturbances. The objective of this study is to map, analyze, and investigate forest fire risk and fire spread in peatlands within South Sumatra, Indonesia, from 2014 to 2023 using Remote Sensing and GIS technologies. Key geomorphological, environmental, and human activity parameters were assessed, including slope, elevation, temperature, distance to roads, and land cover. Each parameter was classified into five fire hazard levels, and a comprehensive forest fire risk map was generated using an overlay approach via the intersect method in ArcGIS. The analysis revealed that 82% of South Sumatra's area is classified as having high to very high fire risk, with peatlands being the most vulnerable regions due to their low elevation, gentle slopes, moderate to high temperatures, and proximity to roads, which facilitate human access. Fire propagation was further examined using dNBR (differenced Normalized Burn Ratio) and hotspot data from NASA's FIRMS. The dNBR analysis identified fluctuations in burn severity over the years, with significant damage observed in 2015, 2018, and 2022. However, the accuracy of dNBR in peatland areas was affected by cloud cover. Hotspot density, analyzed using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), highlighted fire-prone zones, particularly in peatland regions. Findings show that human activity, coupled with climatic phenomena such as El Niño, significantly influences fire risk and propagation in South Sumatra, Indonesia.
Healthy Lifestyles Can Offset Respiratory/Psych-behavioral Comorbidities Due to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus or Prenatal Smoking Exposure in Children Aged 2-16 Years
Authors: Xue Mei , Chen Kening , Zhang Xiaoqian , Niu Wenquan , Zhang Zhixin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to test whether healthy lifestyles can offset the increased risk of childhood respiratory and psycho-behavioral comorbidities attributed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or prenatal smoking exposure.
Methods
From April to May 2024, we conducted a cross-sectional cluster sampling of children aged 2–16 years in Beijing. Fetal and neonatal related factors, family-related factors, and lifestyle-related information were collected through an electronic questionnaire. A weighted healthy lifestyle score was calculated by aggregating diet, physical activity, sleep time, and screen time; it was categorized into healthy, intermediate and unhealthy lifestyles. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for the association of GDM or smoking during pregnancy with respiratory and psych-behavioral comorbidities. Interaction terms were used to explore the offsetting effect of lifestyle factors.
Results
The prevalence of respiratory and psych-behavioral comorbidities among Chinese children aged 2–16 years was 15.18%. GDM and smoking during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of childhood comorbidities (multi-adjusted OR, 95% CI: 1.40, 1.07–1.82 and 1.71, 1.22–2.40). Children with unhealthy lifestyles faced a significantly higher risk of developing comorbidities compared to their peers with healthy lifestyles (1.91; 1.48–2.45). Adhering to healthy lifestyles can offset the increased risk of childhood comorbidities due to GDM (1.42, 0.81–2.48) or smoking during pregnancy (1.29, 0.50–3.31).
Conclusions
Our findings indicated that adherence to healthy lifestyles might offset the increased risk of childhood respiratory and psycho-behavioral comorbidities that were attributed to prenatal GDM or smoking during pregnancy.
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration secondary to cerebrovascular disease
Authors: Wang Change , Sun Xiaoyi , Yu Changshen , Ren Ning , Wu Jialing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) typically manifests after damage to brain stem structures. The onset of the disease associated with HOD is often hidden, and the diagnosis is often delayed or misdiagnosed, significantly increasing the economic burden on patients. However, reports on HOD are limited. This study comprehensively analyzed the clinical characteristics of HOD, specifically the vestibular function of patients with HOD, and provides a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment in this demographic.
Methods: In this observational study, we collected clinical data on patients with HOD admitted to our hospital between 2022 and 2023.We compiled their clinical information, blood test results, imaging findings, and vestibular balance function, eye movements.
Results: All patients exhibited varying degrees of vestibular dysfunction and balance cerebellar ataxia, palatal tremor (PT) or oculo-palatal tremor (OPT) and vestibular dysfunction, i.e. VOR impairment (or impairment of responses to high frequency rotatory acceleration) high-frequency semicircular canal injury were the most common.
Conclusions: In patients with brainstem and cerebrovascular diseases in several years, clinicians should be vigilant for signs of palatal muscle tremors, nystagmus ocular-palatal tremor (OPT), and new visual changes. Additionally, efforts should be made to perform at least a bedside examination of eye alignement, nystagmus, eye movements and VOR enhance vestibular examination and improve the understanding of vestibular and nystagmus conditions, which can improve the early diagnosis rate. The prominence of damage degree in the semicircular canal at high frequencies is a particular concern. Combined with vestibular function and nystagmus, targeted rehabilitation and medication can improve patients' quality of life and reduce the risk of accidental falls.
Sorption of Arsenic (V) by Senegalese laterites for the treatment of arsenic-contaminated mining waters
Authors: Diop Tidiane , Gaudin Anne , Lebeau Thierry 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Arsenic contamination of water is a global issue with significant health consequences in many countries. Several treatment solutions exist, but they are often costly. In this study, the adsorption of arsenic was tested using two natural laterites from Eastern Senegal (Massawa (MASS) and Sabodala (SAB) locations). Their mineralogy consists of kaolinite (23-40%), quartz (23-39%), hematite (23-16%), and goethite (5-8%). Several conditions of arsenic adsorption by these two laterites were tested using batch experiments, including contact time, pH, and the ratio between the mass of laterite and the volume of arsenic-contaminated solution. Results indicate high removal rates of arsenic over a wide range of pH conditions (2-7, 8) for both laterites. For a laterite mass/water volume ratio of 0.1 g/50 ml, arsenic sorption reaches equilibrium within 60 minutes of contact time for MASS, whereas this time is between 60 and 120 minutes for SAB. A volume of 50 ml of arsenic-contaminated solution containing 5.69 mg/l of arsenic (V) is treated in 60 minutes with 1.5 g of both laterites. This short equilibrium time, compared to many studies reported on laterites worldwide, allows for higher water throughput, making the treatment of arsenic-contaminated water more efficient. The adsorption kinetics are slow and follow the pseudo-second-order model, suggesting the presence of chemisorption (inner-sphere adsorption) for both laterites. These results provide valuable insights into the practical suitability of Senegalese laterites for treating mine waters, particularly in the context of Senegal.
Safety of Simultaneous Bilateral Internal Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: salah sherif , Aref Hany , Elbassiouny Ahmed , Afify Hosam , El-Sudany Ayman , Kenway Fatma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a major global cause of death, affecting nearly 13.7 million people annually. Carotid artery stenosis accounts for up to 12% of all ischemic strokes. Bilateral carotid stenosis, which affects between 8% and 39% of patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis, presents a treatment challenge, as it is often a relative contraindication for carotid endarterectomy and is excluded from many clinical trials. With advancements in endovascular technology, simultaneous bilateral carotid angioplasty and stenting (SBCAS) has emerged as a safe and effective option, with complication risks similar to those of unilateral carotid artery stenting. The safety profile of SBCAS has been the subject of various studies, which have reported mixed outcomes.
Results: The study included twenty patients; 14 males (70%) and 6 females (30%). The age of the patients ranged from 51 to 75 years with a mean age of 63.95 ± 6.79. Fourteen cases (70%) had ischemic stroke and 6 cases (30%) presented with TIA. Site of stenosis was mainly in the proximal internal carotid artery (70.0% of cases in right side) and (85.0% in left side), while Degree of stenosis showed that 50.0% had more than 70 % stenosis on the right ICA while 70.0% had more than 70 % stenosis in the left side. Timing of intervention was (in minutes) 60.50 ± 7.76; Types of stents in those twenty patients (forty carotid stents, two for each patient) 62.5 % were wall stents, 12.5% were Portege and 25 % were CASPER stent. Forty percent (40%) had hemodynamic depression, 5% had hyper perfusion syndrome. Neither Vascular access complications, Stroke, Cardiac complications or Mortality were reported in our study group. There were no mortality, stroke or Cardiac complications after one month follow up.
Conclusion: SBCAS is a safe and effective procedure for properly selected patients with bilateral carotid stenosis and can help reduce the risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events.
CoMIT: A Bioinformatic Pipeline for Risk-based Prediction of COVID-19 Test Inclusivity
Authors: Walker Diane M. , Smith Wendy A. , Gale Lia , Wolff Jacob T. , Healy Connor P. , Hollebeke Hannah F. , Stephenson Ashlie , Kim Marianne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the need to quickly diagnose infections to identify and prevent viral spread in the population. In response to the pandemic, BioFire Defense leveraged its PCR-based “lab-in-a-pouch” technology for expedited development of the BioFire® COVID-19 Test, a novel in vitro diagnostic detecting SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in human samples. Following clearance of an in vitro diagnostic device, regulatory bodies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) require regular post market surveillance to monitor test performance against viral lineages circulating in the field, using predictive in silico inclusivity evaluations. Exponential increases in the number of sequences deposited in bioinformatic repositories such as GISAID, during the pandemic, impeded progress in meeting these post market requirements. In response, BioFire Defense developed a new bioinformatic tool to overcome scalability problems and the loss of accuracy encountered with the standard inclusivity method.
Results
The Coronavirus Monitoring for Inclusivity Tool (CoMIT) uses the Variant Sorter Algorithm to sidestep multiple sequence alignments, a significant barrier inherent in the standard inclusivity method. The implementation of CoMIT and its Variant Sorter Algorithm are described. Automated summary tables and visualizations from a typical inclusivity evaluation are presented. We report our approach to filter and display relevant information in the pipeline outputs using risk factors tied to test performance.
Conclusions
BioFire Defense has developed CoMIT, an automated bioinformatic pipeline for efficient processing and reporting of variant inclusivity from the GISAID EpiCoV™ repository. This tool ensures continuous and comprehensive post market evaluations of BioFire COVID-19 Test performance even from datasets large enough to impede standard inclusivity analyses. CoMIT’s low computational space complexity and modular code allow this tool to be generalized for inclusivity monitoring of multianalyte or single analyte tests with complex assay designs and/or highly variable targets. CoMIT’s databasing capabilities and metadata handling hold the potential for new investigations to improve readiness for future outbreaks.
Target and Biomarker Exploration Portal for Drug Discovery
Authors: Dewangan Bhupesh , Ray Debjyoti , Devulapalli Sameera , Ren Yijie , Chaurasia Shilpi , Jiang Lei , Ojha Muneendra , Xu Dong , Srivast Gyan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The discovery of novel drug targets and precision biomarkers remains a major challenge in drug development, with traditional differential expression analysis often overlooking key regulatory proteins. Here, we present a novel, web-based bioinformatics tool designed to accelerate the drug discovery process by integrating large-scale biomedical data with network analysis techniques. This tool harnesses machine-learning approaches to combine multi-modal datasets, including human genetics, functional genomics, and protein-protein interaction networks, to decode causal disease mechanisms and uncover novel therapeutic targets and precision biomarkers for specific phenotypes. A unique feature of the tool is its ability to process large-scale data in real-time, facilitated by efficient cloud-based architecture. Additionally, the tool incorporates an integrated large language model (LLM), which assists researchers in exploring and interpreting complex biological relationships within the generated networks and multi-omics data. By offering an intuitive, interactive interface, the LLM enhances the exploration of biological insights, making it easier for scientists to derive actionable conclusions. This powerful integration of AI-driven network analysis, multi-omics data, and advanced language models provides a robust framework for accelerating the identification of novel drug targets, ultimately advancing the field of precision medicine. The tool is publicly available at https://pdnet.missouri.edu/.