bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Intermittent Gastroenteritis Outbreak of Rotavirus Genotype G9P[8] in a Hotel in Songkhla Province, Thailand, April–May 2019
Authors: Sangsawang Choopong , Chantutanon Sawanya , Sukhum Laddawan , Thepparat Thidapon 
Published: April 2023

A series of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks occurred among participants of two seminars at a hotel in Songkhla Province during 26–29 Apr 2019 and 8–10 May 2019. Investigations were done to determine the causes of the outbreaks and recommend control measures. A case was defined as a participant who developed diarrhea, vomiting, nausea or abdominal pain between 26–30 April (Seminar 1) or 8–13 May (Seminar 2). Samples of the drinking and cooking water used during the seminars were taken and rectal swabs from cases and food handlers were collected for bacterial culture and viral reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify risk factors. Of 349 participants interviewed, 237 were cases, giving an attack rate of 67.9%. The ages of the cases ranged from 11–57 years (median 15 years). The most common symptoms were watery diarrhea (94.1%), abdominal pain (81.0%) and nausea (57.8%). Rotavirus was detected in five cases, three food handlers and a sample of water used for cooking. All were of the same genotype G9P[8]. Implicated dishes included spicy seafood salad (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–11.8), shrimp in sauce (AOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.0-8.2), roast duck with vegetables (AOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2–7.3) and water from a cooler (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0–3.9). Contaminated water and infected food handlers were probable sources of cross-contamination. After the hotel’s water system was repaired and the food handlers were educated on safe food handling practices and good personal hygiene, no other outbreaks associated with the hotel were reported.
Social Determinants and Leprosy in High Endemic Regions of Myanmar: an Ecological Study between 2016 and 2019
Authors: Bo Sein Hlyan , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong 
Published: April 2023

Leprosy has been a public health problem in Myanmar for many centuries. This study aims to explore the situation of leprosy and the association between leprosy and social determinants at the township level in seven endemic regions in Myanmar. The objectives of the study are to (i) describe the incidence and severity of leprosy and the disability due to leprosy in Myanmar between 2016 and 2019, and (ii) determine the correlation between leprosy incidence and social determinants in Myanmar in 2019. We used annual surveillance data of leprosy cases between 2016 and 2019 from the National Leprosy Control Program, Myanmar, and social determinant variables from the 2019 General Administration Department Census Report of Myanmar. An ecological cross-sectional study was conducted. Univariable and multivariable analyses applying zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were used. A geographic information system mapping was used to visualize leprosy cases, disease severity, and disability due to leprosy between 2016 and 2019. The number of all leprosy indicators changing pattern was seen obvious between regions. The eastern region showed relatively an increase in detection of new cases in 2019 compared with years 2017 and 2018. The increase in the detection of multibacillary leprosy cases was also observed in the eastern region during this period. Yet, the detection of Grade-II disability cases across regions remained relatively stable throughout study years. The number of tuberculosis cases per 1,000 population was significantly correlated with leprosy incidence at the township level (risk ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.55). These findings highlight the importance of enhancing active case finding campaigns in high-endemic regions, especially the eastern states of Myanmar. Integration of leprosy and tuberculosis case-finding programmes is likely to help leverage resources and maximize efforts to cope with leprosy problems in Myanmar.
Évaluation transdisciplinaire d’un nouveau modèle théorique d’habileté socioaffective : la compétence pathémique
Authors: Josselin Matthieu 
Published: April 2023

Avec l’augmentation de l’attention globale sur la qualité des relations humaines, les habiletés socioaffectives sont au coeur de nombreuses préoccupations sociétales, scientifiques et curriculaires. Ces préoccupations ont donné lieu à de nombreuses conceptualisations multidisciplinaires, et une réflexion transdisciplinaire permettrait de participer à la mise en lien de ces savoirs et de proposer possiblement des pistes plus opérationnelles pour l’éducation aux habiletés socioaffectives. Cet article étaye cette problématique et propose d’évaluer le potentiel transdisciplinaire et opératoire d’un modèle théorique enraciné issu d’une recherche doctorale bidisciplinaire : la compétence pathémique. Théorisée à partir de verbatims d’explicitation, cette compétence fait état de la gestion socioaffective des expressions d’affect (verbales et corporelles) d’adultes en situation d’interaction interpersonnelle. Les résultats de cette recherche sont présentés et mis en parallèle avec des conceptualisations issues de différents champs disciplinaires, afin de proposer des pistes de théorisation générale et opératoire pour le développement socioaffectif des individus.
Annual changes in biomass amount and feeding potential of shrubby rangelands in maquis formation
Authors: Alatürk Fırat , Hanoğlu Oral Hülya , Gökkuş Ahmet , Ali Baboo 
Published: April 2023

Background
This study evaluated the extent to which the endemic herbaceous and woody species of shrubby rangelands met the roughage needs of grazing animals throughout the year.

Methods
The biomass, botanical composition, and quality of hay were investigated in the shrubby rangelands in Paşaköy of the Ayvacık districts in Çanakkale over the course of a year. Plant samples were taken from the herbaceous species monthly and from the grazing parts of the shrubs in May and November.

Results
The total amount of biomass (hay + shrub) in the rangeland was found to be 30.448 kg/ha. Shrubs made up 18.78% of the rangeland, while the annual species comprised 54.96%, and perennial herbs covered 26.26% of the total biomass. Crude protein (CP) ratios of herbaceous species decreased continuously from March (13.58%) to September (6.73%), and then increased. A similar change was also seen in pure ash (PA) ratios. The CP ratios in the shrub species were high in spring and decreased in autumn and there was an irregular variation in PA rates. Oak had the highest PA ratio during the spring, while thuja had the highest ratio in autumn, and Juniperus oxycedrus during the winter months. In herbaceous species, cell wall components (NDF, ADF, and ADL) reached their highest levels in summer and decreased in spring and winter. However, in shrubs, these components varied according to the species and were generally lowest in spring and then increased in autumn and winter. Here, it was determined that year-round grazing is a suitable grazing system in the shrubby rangelands of the Mediterranean zone, and animals are able to find fresh forage in the rangelands due to the presence of shrubs. However, since the contribution of shrubs to the total forage production is low, additional roughage should be provided, except in the spring when the production and quality of hay increase. These practices may contribute to better livestock management.
Biochemical Characterization and Responses of Two Contrasting Genotypes of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. to Salinity in a Hydroponic System
Authors: Jaikishun Sirpaul , Song Shikui , Yang Zhenbiao 
Published: April 2023

Chenopodium quinoa is a promising species for future food security and combating climate change due to its nutritional content and halophytic nature. This study focuses on the temporal differential responses of the salt-tolerant (Chadmo) and the salt-sensitive (Kankolla) under control (CK) and 400 mM NaCl arranged under the randomised block designed (RBD). Biochemical features assessed and results indicate a significant difference (p<0.05) being identified by ANOVA and Tukey analyses in total chlorophyll (CHL), carotenoids (CAR), proline, glycine betaine (GB), soluble sugars, K+, Na+, K+/Na+ ratio, Mg2+ and Ca2+ in both genotypes between the CK and 400 mM NaCl. Na+ increased while K+ and the bivalent ions Mg2+ and Ca2+ decreased progressively with time points (CK and 24 h) in both genotypes but more pronounced in Kankolla. Proline increased by 24.45 and 18.63% between the CK and 24 h after exposure to 400 mM NaCl in Chadmo and Kankolla, respectively. Similarly, significant increases were observed in ABA, glycine betaine and soluble sugars from the CK to 24 h after exposure to 400 mM NaCl in both genotypes. Using these biochemical responses to salinity, Chadmo proved to be the better-performing genotype when exposed to 400 mM NaCl and hence identified as the salt-tolerant genotype.
Association of Physical Activity With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe Clinical Outcomes Among Patients in South Korea
Authors: Lim YoHwan , Lee Myeong Hoon , Jeong Seogsong , Han Hyun Wook 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceThe association of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with COVID-19 outcomes is unclear and needs to be investigated.ObjectiveTo identify the association of longitudinal changes in MVPA with SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nested case-control study used data from 6 396 500 adult patients in South Korean who participated in National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) biennial health screenings from period 1 (2017-2018) to period 2 (2019-2020). Patients were followed from October 8, 2020, until the diagnosis of COVID-19 or December 31, 2021.ExposureModerate to vigorous physical activity was measured by self-report on questionnaires during both NHIS health screenings and calculated by adding the frequency (times per week) of each moderate (≥30 minutes per day) and vigorous (≥20 minutes per day) physical activity.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were a positive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 clinical events. Adjusted odds ratio (aORs) and 99% CIs were calculated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 183 350 patients with COVID-19 (mean [SD] age, 51.9 [13.8] years; female, 89 369 [48.7%]; male, 93 981 [51.3%]) among 2 110 268 participants were identified. For participants with vs without COVID-19, the proportion of MVPA frequency at period 2 was 35.8% vs 35.9% for physically inactive, 18.9% vs 18.9% for 1 to 2 times per week, 17.7% vs 17.7% for 3 to 4 times per week, and 27.5% vs 27.4% for 5 or more times per week. Among unvaccinated, physically inactive patients at period 1, the odds for infection increased when engaged in MVPA 1 to 2 times per week (aOR, 1.08; 99% CI, 1.01-1.15), 3 to 4 times per week (aOR, 1.09; 99% CI, 1.03-1.16), or 5 or more times per week (aOR, 1.10; 99% CI, 1.04-1.17) at period 2. Conversely, among unvaccinated patients with MVPA of 5 or more times per week at period 1, the odds for infection decreased when engaged 1 to 2 times per week (aOR, 0.90; 99% CI, 0.81-0.98) or physically inactive (aOR, 0.80; 99% CI, 0.73-0.87) at period 2. The trend of MVPA and incident infection was mitigated when participants were fully vaccinated. Furthermore, the odds for severe COVID-19 showed significant but limited associations with MVPA.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this nested case-control study show a direct association of MVPA with risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was mitigated after completion of the COVID-19 vaccination primary series. In addition, higher levels of MVPA were associated with a lower risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes to limited proportions.
Protective Effect of Modified Hemoglobin on Rabbits and Goats in High‐Altitude Sickness
Authors: Zhu Yu , Li Qinghui , Wu Yue , Peng Xiaoyong , Xiang Xinming , Lau Billy , Tzang Feichuen , Liu Liangming , Li Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe prevalence and severity of high‐altitude sickness increases with increasing altitude. Prevention of hypoxia caused by high‐altitude sickness is an urgent problem. As a novel oxygen‐carrying fluid, modified hemoglobin can carry oxygen in a full oxygen partial pressure environment and release oxygen in a low oxygen partial pressure environment. It is unclear whether modified hemoglobin can improve hypoxic injury on a plateau. Using hypobaric chamber rabbit (5000 m) and plateau goat (3600 m) models, general behavioral scores and vital signs, hemodynamic, vital organ functions, and blood gas are measured. The results show that the general behavioral scores and vital signs decrease significantly in the hypobaric chamber or plateau, and the modified hemoglobin can effectively improve the general behavioral scores and vital signs in rabbits and goats, and reduce the degree of damage to vital organs. Further studies reveal that arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) on the plateau decrease rapidly, and the modified hemoglobin could increase PaO2 and SaO2; thus, increasing the oxygen‐carrying capacity. Moreover, modified hemoglobin has few side effects on hemodynamics and kidney injury. These results indicate that modified hemoglobin has a protective effect against high‐altitude sickness.
Chiral Se Nanobrooms with Wavelength and Polarization Sensitive Scattering
Authors: Kwon Junyoung , Parton Thomas G. , Choi Youngeun , Lee Sang‐Gil , Frka‐Petesic Bruno , Lee Jaebeom , Vignolini Silvia , Yeom Jihyeon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh‐index dielectric nanostructures offer strong magnetic and electric resonances in the visible range and low optical losses, stimulating research interest in their use for light manipulation technologies. Lithographic fabrication of dielectric nanostructures, while providing precise control over the pattern dimensions, limits the scalability of this approach for practical applications due to an inefficient fabrication process and limited production quantity. Here, the colloidal synthesis of high‐index chiral dielectric nanostructures with a broom‐like geometry made from trigonal Se is demonstrated. The anisotropic morphology and crystal structure of Se nanobrooms enable both linearly and circularly polarized scattering, as well as spectrum variation along the particle axis, which is, to the authors’ knowledge, the first observation of such behavior from dielectric colloidal nanostructures. To show the versatility of the highly scattering Se NB suspensions, 2D and 3D printing of Se NB inks are demonstrated as a proof of concept. This approach provides a way to manipulate light using aqueous dispersions of high‐index dielectric nanostructures, unlocking their potential to fit in various morphologies and dimensions in 2D and 3D for broad applications.
Facile Zn2+ Desolvation Enabled by Local Coordination Engineering for Long‐Cycling Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ding Liyan , Wang Lei , Gao Jiechang , Yan Tianran , Li Hongtai , Mao Jing , Song Fei , Fedotov Stanislav , Chang Luo‐Yueh , Li Ning , Su Yuefeng , Liu Tiefeng , Zhang Liang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) have aroused continuously increasing attention for grid‐scale energy storage applications. However, the progress of AZIBs is largely plagued by their sluggish reaction kinetics and poor structural reversibility, which are closely related to the desolvation process of hydrated Zn2+. Herein, a strategy of local coordination engineering is proposed to modulate both surface and bulk structure of a conventional α‐MnO2 cathode to overcome these issues. Theoretical simulations and experimental characterizations reveal that the surface F coordinations effectively adjust the absorption strength toward H2O and Zn, which facilitates the desolvation of hydrated Zn2+ and thus improves the interfacial ion diffusion rate and reaction kinetics. Meanwhile, the structural integrity is largely enhanced with suppressed irreversible phase evolution over cycling benefiting from the presence of robust MnF bonds in the bulk lattice. As a consequence, the achieved cathode exhibits almost no capacity degradation after 400 cycles at a low current density of 0.5 A g‐1 and long‐term durability over 3500 cycles at a high current density of 5 A g‐1. The proposed modulation strategy provides new opportunities for designing long‐cycling and high‐energy cathodes for AZIBs and beyond.
Ultraprecise 3D Printed Graphene Aerogel Microlattices on Tape for Micro Sensors and E‐Skin
Authors: Chen Qian , Shen Junting , Estevez Diana , Chen Yanlin , Zhu Zihao , Yin Jun , Qin Faxiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract3D printed graphene aerogels hold promise for flexible sensing fields due to their flexibility, low density, conductivity, and piezo‐resistivity. However, low printing accuracy/fidelity and stochastic porous networks have hindered both sensing performance and device miniaturization. Here, printable graphene oxide (GO) inks are formulated through modulating oxygen functional groups, which allows printing of self‐standing 3D graphene oxide aerogel microlattice (GOAL) with an ultra‐high printing resolution of 70 µm. The reduced GOAL (RGOAL) is then stuck onto the adhesive tape as a facile and large‐scale strategy to adapt their functionalities into target applications. Benefiting from the printing resolution of 70 µm, RGOAL tape shows better performance and data readability when used as micro sensors and robot e‐skin. By adjusting the molecular structure of GO, the research realizes regulation of rheological properties of GO hydrogel and the 3D printing of lightweight and ultra‐precision RGOAL, improves the sensing accuracy of graphene aerogel electronic devices and realizes the device miniaturization, expanding the application of graphene aerogel devices to a broader field such as micro robots, which is beyond the reach of previous reports.
Slimming and Reinvigorating Tumor‐Associated Dendritic Cells with Hierarchical Lipid Rewiring Nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Chunchen , Ji Xiaoyuan , Zhou Yanfeng , Cheng Yuchun , Guo Daoxia , Li Qian , Chen Nan , Fan Chunhai , Song Haiyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are crucial mediators of innate and adaptive antitumor immunity, whereas exogenously and endogenously driven lipid accumulation causes immune tolerance of tumor‐associated DCs (TADCs) and thereby diminishes tumor responsiveness to various therapies. Herein, a type of multilevel lipid rewiring nanoparticles (NPs) for TADC revitalization is designed. These self‐assembled NPs specifically bind to the lipid transport receptor Msr1 on the TADC surface and orchestrate the restriction of extracellular lipid uptake, cytoplasmic de novo lipid biosynthesis and nuclear lipogenic gene transcription. It is found that the slimming of TADCs via the three‐in‐one lipid metabolic reprogramming substantially promotes their maturation and rehabilitate their functions in inflammatory cytokine production, cytotoxic T cell recruitment, and tumor inhibition. Significantly, tumor resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy is further overcome. The study presents a non‐canonical strategy to remodel tumor‐infiltrating immune cells and paves a new path for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
Enantioselective Intramolecular Hydroacylation of Alkynes by Rhodium Catalysis through Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Oonishi Yoshihiro , Takagishi Kazuki , Liu Yi‐Min , Sato Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRhodium‐catalyzed enantioselective hydroacylation of racemic alkynals having a substituent at the α‐position of the carbonyl group is described. This reaction can be applied for the wide range of substrates (22 examples), and mechanistic studies revealed that a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) process occurs during the hydroacylation, giving various cyclic ketones in 47–93% yields with 59:41 to 97:3 er from racemic starting materials.
Cost‐Responsive Optimization of Nickel Nanoparticle Synthesis
Authors: Petel Brittney E. , Van Allsburg Kurt M. , Baddour Frederick G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEarly‐stage cost evaluation during catalyst development holds the potential to accelerate the commercialization and deployment of advanced catalytic materials for sustainable chemical processes. The modeling and assessment of manufacturing costs as early as the laboratory synthesis scale, for example, focusing on materials costs and synthesis performance metrics, can support the development of an experimental–economic feedback loop that enables rapid insight into cost drivers associated with catalyst synthesis and highlights areas that require focused research and development effort. Ultimately, this feedback loop supports the realization of an economic understanding of the overall synthetic process and highlights opportunities to reduce costs, serving as the foundation for the scale‐up of catalyst manufacturing. Herein, a case study is presented utilizing CatCost, a free and publicly available estimation tool for the evaluation of catalyst manufacturing costs, to perform a cost‐responsive optimization of the synthesis of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs). It is demonstrated that reagent substitutions with more cost‐effective analogs, coupled with stoichiometric optimization, afford a 58% reduction in raw materials cost without changing the product yield or properties.
New Ternary Blend Strategy Based on a Vertically Self‐Assembled Passivation Layer Enabling Efficient and Photostable Inverted Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Jeong Soyeong , Rana Aniket , Kim Ju‐Hyeon , Qian Deping , Park Kiyoung , Jang Jun‐Ho , Luke Joel , Kwon Sooncheol , Kim Jehan , Tuladhar Pabitra Shakya , Kim Ji‐Seon , Lee Kwanghee , Durrant James R. , Kang Hongkyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, a new ternary strategy to fabricate efficient and photostable inverted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is introduced by combining a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) blend and a fullerene self‐assembled monolayer (C60‐SAM). Time‐of‐flight secondary‐ion mass spectrometry ‐ analysis reveals that the ternary blend is vertically phase separated with the C60‐SAM at the bottom and the BHJ on top. The average power conversion efficiency ‐ of OPVs based on the ternary system is improved from 14.9% to 15.6% by C60‐SAM addition, mostly due to increased current density (Jsc) and fill factor ‐. It is found that the C60‐SAM encourages the BHJ to make more face‐on molecular orientation because grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering ‐ data show an increased face‐on/edge‐on orientation ratio in the ternary blend. Light‐intensity dependent Jsc data and charge carrier lifetime analysis indicate suppressed bimolecular recombination and a longer charge carrier lifetime in the ternary system, resulting in the enhancement of OPV performance. Moreover, it is demonstrated that device photostability in the ternary blend is enhanced due to the vertically self‐assembled C60‐SAM that successfully passivates the ZnO surface and protects BHJ layer from the UV‐induced photocatalytic reactions of the ZnO. These results suggest a new perspective to improve both performance and photostability of OPVs using a facial ternary method.