bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalizing Resistance Training Mitigates Neuromuscular and Perceived Fatigue: The Autoregulation Cluster Training Method
Authors: Dello Iacono Antonio , Hillan Josh , Watson Kevin 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To compare predetermined and autoregulated resistance training sessions on velocity loss and perceived fatigue. Methods: Twenty-six resistance-trained men completed 3 sessions including the back-squat and bench-press exercises matched for load (75% of 1-repetition maximum), volume (24 repetitions), and total rest (240 s). Sessions were randomly performed as traditional set (TRA), 3 sets of 8 repetitions with 120-second interset rests; cluster interset-rest redistribution (IRR), 6 clusters of 4 repetitions with 48-second between-clusters rests; and autoregulation cluster training (ACT), a personalized combination of clusters, repetitions per cluster, and between-clusters rest regulated on a velocity loss threshold. The comparative effects were evaluated on velocity loss outputs measured with a linear encoder and perceived fatigue responses reported using a single-item scale. Results: IRR and ACT induced less velocity loss than TRA (b = −2.09, P < .001). ACT also mitigated velocity loss more than IRR (b = −2.31, P < .001). The back squat resulted in greater velocity loss compared to the bench press (b = 1.83, P < .001). Perceived fatigue responses mirrored the pattern observed for the velocity loss outputs (IRR and ACT vs TRA: b = −0.64, P < .001; ACT vs IRR: b = −1.05, P < .001; back squat vs bench press: b = 0.46, P = .005). Conclusions: IRR and ACT reduced neuromuscular and perceived fatigue, likely due to their cluster-set structures’ embedding frequent windows of interset rest. However, the ACT was overall more effective, presumably given its personalized structure.
Course of fear of falling after hip fracture: findings from a 12-month inception cohort
Authors: Scheffers-Barnhoorn Maaike N , Haaksma Miriam L , Achterberg Wilco P , Niggebrugge Arthur HP , van der Sijp Max PL , van Haastregt Jolanda CM , van Eijk Monica 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesTo examine the course of fear of falling (FoF) up to 1 year after hip fracture, including the effect of prefracture FoF on the course.DesignObservational cohort study with assessment of FoF at 6, 12 and 52 weeks after hip fracture.SettingHaaglanden Medical Centre, the Netherlands.Participants444 community-dwelling adults aged 70 years and older, admitted to hospital with a hip fracture.Main outcome measureShort Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), with a cut-off score ≥11 to define elevated FoF levels.ResultsSix weeks after hip fracture the study population-based mean FES-I was located around the cut-off value of 11, and levels decreased only marginally over time. One year after fracture almost one-third of the population had FoF (FES-I ≥11). Although the group with prefracture FoF (42.6%) had slightly elevated FES-I levels during the entire follow-up, the effect was not statistically significant. Patients with persistent FoF at 6 and 12 weeks after fracture (26.8%) had the highest FES-I levels, with a mean well above the cut-off value during the entire follow-up. For the majority of patients in this group, FoF is still present 1 year after fracture (84.9%).ConclusionsIn this study population, representing patients in relative good health condition that are able to attend the outpatient follow-up at 6 and 12 weeks, FoF as defined by an FES-I score ≥11 was common within the first year after hip fracture. Patients with persistent FoF at 12 weeks have the highest FES-I levels in the first year after fracture, and for most of these patients the FoF remains. For timely identification of patients who may benefit from intervention, we recommend structural assessment of FoF in the first 12 weeks after fracture.
Oxidative stress involves phenotype modulation of morbid soreness symptoms in fibromyalgia
Authors: Hung Chih-Hsien , Tsai Ming-Hsien , Wang Po-Sheng , Liang Fu-Wen , Hsu Chung-Yao , Lee Kuo-Wei , Fong Yi-On , Han Der-Sheng , Lee Cheng-Han , Lai Chiou-Lian , Chen Chih-Cheng 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesMuscle soreness occurs after exercise and also in musculoskeletal diseases, such as fibromyalgia (FM). However, the nosography and pathoetiology of morbid soreness in FM remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the morbid soreness of FM, evaluate its therapeutic responses and probe its pathophysiology with metabolomics profiling.MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed FM were prospectively recruited and completed self-report questionnaires pertaining to musculoskeletal symptoms. The phenotypes and metabotypes were assessed with variance, classification and correlation analyses.ResultsFifty-one patients and 41 healthy controls were included. Soreness symptoms were prevalent in FM individuals (92.2%). In terms of manifestations and metabolomic features, phenotypes diverged between patients with mixed pain and soreness symptoms (FM-PS) and those with pain dominant symptoms. Conventional treatment for FM did not ameliorate soreness severity despite its efficacy on pain. Moreover, despite the salient therapeutic efficacy on pain relief in FM-PS cases, conventional treatment did not improve their general disease severity. Metabolomics analyses suggested oxidative metabolism dysregulation in FM, and high malondialdehyde level indicated excessive oxidative stress in FM individuals as compared with controls (p=0.009). Contrary to exercise-induced soreness, lactate levels were significantly lower in FM individuals than controls, especially in FM-PS. Moreover, FM-PS cases exclusively featured increased malondialdehyde level (p=0.008) and a correlative trend between malondialdehyde expression and soreness intensity (r=0.337, p=0.086).ConclusionsMorbid soreness symptoms were prevalent in FM, with the presentation and therapeutic responses different from FM pain conditions. Oxidative stress rather than lactate accumulation involved phenotype modulation of the morbid soreness in FM.Trial registration numberNCT04832100.
Slope stability assessment of a major trunk road at Scrabster Harbour, Scotland, UK
Authors: Katchkin M. C. , Thomson J. , McConnell R. , Fitzgerald R. , Moore Roger 
Published: March 2023

In 2017 two landslides resulted in a temporary closure of the main access road to Scrabster Harbour, located in the north of the Scottish mainland. A slope stability assessment was commissioned to investigate the occurrence, causes and mechanisms of historical landslides, and their associated consequences to inform future landslide hazard potential.
Within Scotland, most slope stability studies are undertaken using qualitative rather than quantitative methods, largely due to insufficient historical data. This paper presents a case study where a semi-quantitative risk assessment was used to assess the stability of coastal slopes above the A9 trunk road at Scrabster Harbour.
A database of historical landslides and slope characteristics was compiled and used in a semi-quantitative risk assessment to provide the client with targeted information on which areas of the slope can be stabilized most effectively. This was based on ranking the slopes in terms of relative risk, thus providing the road operator and maintenance contractor with an indication of those slopes presenting a higher risk so that these areas could be prioritized for remedial works. The analysis showed that surface-water drainage intersecting the slopes and locally oversteepened slopes were primary controls for the observed landslides.
Radical Conservatism and the Liberal Question
Authors: Adler-Bartels Tobias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To understand conservatism as an isolated ideology is an almost hopeless endeavor; after all, conservative thinking is always embedded into specific ideological constellations. While the mirror-image effect identified by Michael Freeden generally emphasizes the conceptual intertwining of conservatism with other ideologies, the example of German conservatism highlights its structural dependence on liberalism, described here as the liberal question. The article focuses on the context of radical conservatism and sheds light on the radicalization of German conservative thought in the nineteenth century focusing on the thinkers Hermann Wagener (1815–1889) and Paul de Lagarde (1827–1891). Despite their different biographical and political starting points, both Wagener and Lagarde developed a radicalized conservatism that made the (intellectual) struggle against liberalism the supreme task of their metapolitical agenda. In the context of the so-called Conservative Revolution in the Weimar Republic, this radical thinking condensed into a distinct political movement. The historical reconstruction of this episode of radicalization of German conservatism thus also serves to provide a differentiated view of contemporary right-wing phenomena in general.
Reconstruction of Past Antarctic Temperature Using Present Seasonal δ18O–Inversion Layer Temperature: Unified Slope Equations and Applications
Authors: Liu Z. , He C. , Yan M. , Buizert C. , Otto-Bliesner B. L. , Lu F. , Zeng C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Reconstructing the history of polar temperature from ice core water isotope (δ18O) calibration has remained a challenge in paleoclimate research, because of our incomplete understanding of various temperature–δ18O relationships. This paper resolves this classical problem in a new framework called the unified slope equations (USE), which illustrates the general relations among spatial and temporal δ18O–surface temperature slopes. The USE is applied to the Antarctica temperature change during the last deglaciation in model simulations and observations. It is shown that the comparable Antarctica-mean spatial slope with deglacial temporal slope in δ18O–surface temperature reconstruction is caused, accidentally, by the compensation responses between the δ18O–inversion layer temperature relation and the inversion layer temperature itself. Furthermore, in light of the USE, we propose that the present seasonal slope of δ18O–inversion layer temperature is an optimal paleothermometer that is more accurate and robust than the spatial slope. This optimal slope suggests the possibility of reconstructing past Antarctic temperature changes using present and future instrumental observations.

Significance Statement
This paper develops a new framework called the unified slope equations (USE) to provide, for the first time, a general relation among various spatial and temporal water isotope–temperature slopes. The application of the USE to Antarctic deglacial temperature change shows that the optimal paleothermometer is the seasonal slope of the inversion layer temperature.
Imaging characteristics of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors
Authors: Gupta Amit , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy , Sharma Raju , Damle Nishikant , Goyal Ankur , Goyal Alpesh , Agarwal Shipra , Dharmashaktu Yamini 
Published: March 2023

Background Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome associated with phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs). Localization of the causative tumor in these cases is an arduous task since the culprit lesions are usually small, slow-growing, and can be located almost anywhere from head to toe. Purpose To describe the morphological characteristics of histologically proven PMTs on various radiological modalities. Material and Methods After institutional ethical approval, this retrospective study analyzed 20 cases with a histopathological evidence of PMT. Various imaging characteristics of the tumors on available computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were evaluated. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted. Results The tumors were located in diverse locations: lower extremities (n = 10); head and neck (n = 5); vertebral column (n = 3); pelvis (n = 1); and upper extremities (n = 1). Bone lesions seen on CT had variable morphology: sclerotic (n = 3/8, 37.5%); lytic (n = 3/8, 37.5%), and both lytic and sclerotic (n = 2/8, 25%) with presence of narrow zone of transition in all cases (n = 8/8) and amorphous internal matrix calcifications in 25% of cases (n = 2/8). Of the tumors, 68.4% (n = 13/19) were hypointense on T1 and all of them showed hyperintense signal on T2-weighted and STIR images (n = 19/19) and contrast enhancement (n = 16/16). Of the tumors, 66.7% (n = 6/9) showed restricted diffusion. DOTANOC PET/CT showed tumor uptake in all cases (n = 8/8). Conclusion PMTs may have variable and non-specific tumor appearances on various imaging modalities. However, in an appropriate clinical scenario and a background of suggestive biochemical work-up, the radiologist should keep a high index of suspicion.
Trajectories of Successful Aging Among Older Adults in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Fasoro Ayodeji , Maddocks Wendy , Barnett Pauline , Basu Arindam 
Published: March 2023

Successful aging was defined as having no multimorbidity, high functional capacity, active life engagement, and good health-related quality of life. This study analyzed data from 1433 older adults who were followed up for 12 years across seven waves from the New Zealand Health, Work and Retirement study by examining the trajectories of successful aging. Latent growth curve modeling was used to assess the growth factors of successful aging trajectories of older adults. The mean successful aging score was 3.53 (range: 0–6) in 2006 and linearly declined by 0.064 units every year. Those with higher successful aging scores at baseline had a slower decline. Successful aging scores were lower among females, Māori, and those aged 65 years and above at baseline. The findings from this study suggest that gender and ethnic inequalities play significant roles in successful aging among older adults in New Zealand.
Pharmacological and Behavioral Interventions for Fatigue in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Jiang Chenke , Luo Yijun , Qu Yiqian , Wang Che , Li Zhan , Zhou Jia , Xu Zhenghao 
Published: March 2023

Objective This study aims to evaluate pharmacological and behavioral interventions for the treatment of fatigue in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, Wan fang, and VIP up to July 31, 2022. We used Revman 5.3 software for the meta-analysis. The outcomes included Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Parkinson's Fatigue Scale (PFS). The mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were collected or calculated. Results Thirteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 1758 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that current clinical treatments reduced FSS (MD: −1.60, 95% CI: −3.14 to −0.05) and PFS (MD: −0.61, 95% CI: −1.17 to −0.05) in patients with PD. Subgroup meta-analysis showed that: (1) neither pharmacological interventions nor behavioral interventions reduced FSS in PD patients; (2) dopaminergic drugs dose-dependently significantly reduced the PFS in patients with PD; (3) behavioral interventions have an almost significant effect (MD: −6.69, 95% CI: −13.71 to 0.33, P = 0.06, I2 = 74%) on alleviating PFS in PD patients; (4) vestibular rehabilitation training significantly reduced the PFS in patients with PD. Conclusions Current clinical treatments alleviate fatigue in PD patients. Dopaminergic drugs may act a stronger effect than amphetamines. Behavioral interventions, especially vestibular rehabilitation training, may be a promising way for the treatment of fatigue in patients with PD though further evidence is still needed.
Phthalide cardo chain extended imine skeletal linked maleimido end capped nanotitania reinforced novel polybenzoxazine (nTiO2/PBZ) hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Arivalagan V , Meera M , Devaraj Stephen L , Soundarrajan M , Gunasekaran S G 
Published: March 2023

A new class of nanotitania reinforced polybenzoxazine (nTiO2/PBZ) hybrid nanocomposites was synthesized using newly designed phthalide cardo chain extended imine skeletal linked maleimido end capped polybenzoxazine (PHM-PBZ) and nTiO2 through in-situ sol-gel method. The formation of hybrid nanocomposites was confirmed by NMR and FT-IR spectra. The structurally stable nTiO2 present in the nTiO2/PBZ hybrids accounted their exceptional thermal stability and good char yield. The restricted motion of flexible polymeric chain resulted from the inclusion of nTiO2 in the PBZ system increased the glass transition temperature ( T g) to a higher percentage than that of neat PBZ system. With the successive enhancement in the incorporation of nTiO2, the synthesized nanocomposites exhibited better thermal stability, higher flame retardancy and lesser water absorption behaviour than the of neat PBZ. The sequential increments in the loading level of nTiO2 onto the PBZ matrices caused the lower value of dielectric constant than that of neat PBZ. The homogeneity and successful dispersion of the nTiO2 fillers in the PBZ matrix were ascertained from the strong fluorescent emissions observed in the wavelength range of 300–550 nm through optical studies. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopic micrographs evidenced the successful incorporation of nTiO2 as can be seen from the different morphology at the nanoscale level in the PBZ matrix. This kind of structurally designed nTiO2/PBZ nanocomposites may find multifaceted applications in the form of adhesives, encapsulants, matrices and sealants and in the fields of automobile and microelectronics applications for better performance and longevity.
Disrupted resting-state brain functional network properties in non-neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Tan Xiangliang , Liu Xiaojin , Han Kai , Zhao Ling , Niu Meiqi , Yao Qiaoli , Huang Qin , Zhong Miao , Mei Yingjie , Huang Ruiwang , Xu Yikai 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Previous fMRI studies revealed that the abnormal functional connectivity (FC) was related to cognitive impairment in patients with SLE. However, it remains unclear how the disease severity affects the functional topological organization of the whole-brain network in SLE patients without neuropsychiatric symptoms (non-NPSLE). Objective We aim to examine the impairment of the whole-brain functional network in SLE patients without neuropsychiatric symptoms (non-NPSLE), which may improve the understanding of neural mechanism in SLE. Methods We acquired resting-state fMRI data from 32 non-NPSLE patients and 32 healthy controls (HC), constructed their whole-brain functional network, and then estimated the topological properties including global and nodal parameters by using graph theory. Meanwhile, we also investigated the differences in intra- and inter-network FC between the non-NPSLE patients and the HC. Results The non-NPSLE patients showed significantly lower clustering coefficient, global and local efficiency, but higher characteristic path length than the HC. The non-NPSLE patients had significantly lower nodal strength in two regions, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and anterior PFC (aPFC) than the HC. We found the non-NPSLE patients had significantly lower intra-network FC within frontal-parietal network (FPN) and within default mode network (DMN), and significantly lower inter-network FC between DMN and FPN than the HC. The intra-network FC within DMN was negatively correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI). Conclusion Abnormal whole-brain functional network properties and abnormal intra- and inter-network FC may be related to cognitive impairment and disease degree in the non-NPSLE patients. Our findings provide a network perspective to understand the neural mechanisms of SLE.
Implementation of Community Consultation for Waiver of Informed Consent in Emergency Research: One Institutional Review Board's Experience
Authors: Dix Emily S. , Esposito Domenic , Spinosa Frances , Olson Nancy , Chapman Stanley 
Published: March 2023

Background This article describes how one Institutional Review Board (IRB) chose to implement the issue of waiver of consent for a research study involving brain trauma victims brought to an emergency department. Methods Presentations were conducted in the state of Mississippi among cultural and ethnic groups representative of Mississippi's demographic composition. Individuals from the neurotrauma research team, including neurosurgeons and nurse study coordinators, conducted all of the presentations. One IRB member served as an objective “community liaison” and attended all presentations. This individual administered evaluation forms to attendees that measured their levels of comprehension and acceptance for the use of waiver of consent in the brain trauma study. Results All of the 137 attendees in 7 community consultation meetings gave their approval for the use of “waiver of consent.” Continued community consultations are planned for the duration of the brain trauma study. Conclusion Based on our experience, we conclude that in collaborating with local IRBs, research teams can successfully develop strategies for obtaining “acceptable community consultations” as required by regulatory mandates. We suggest that standardized community consultation guidelines be developed for obtaining waivers of informed consent in emergency research. Such criteria should form the basis for local IRBs to obtain their respective community consultations.
Renal, Endocrine, and Cardiovascular Responses to Bed Rest in Male Subjects on a Constant Diet
Authors: Grenon S. Marlene , Sheynberg Natalie , Hurwitz Shelley , Xiao Grace , Ramsdell Craig D. , Ehrman Michael D. , Mai C. Lan , Kristjansson Siri Rostoft , Sundby Grete H. , Cohen Richard J. , Williams Gordon H. 
Published: March 2023

Background Exposure to actual and simulated microgravity induces cardiovascular deconditioning through a variety of factors. Although the mechanisms involved remain uncertain, one involves alterations in volume-regulating systems—the hypothesis being tested in this study. To maximize our ability to detect subtle changes in the volume-regulating systems, subjects were studied on a high-average salt intake to maximally suppress these systems basally. Methods Fourteen healthy male subjects underwent 14-day head-down tilt bed rest (HDTB) during which a constant 200 mEq sodium, 100 mEq potassium diet was maintained. Daily 24-hour urine collection was performed; plasma renin activity, serum aldosterone, plethysmography, and cardiovascular system identification were performed during a control period (pre-HDTB) and at the end of HDTB (end HDTB). Results Sodium excretion increased initially (pre-HDTB = 182.8 ± 10.4 mEq/total volume; early HDTB = 236.4 ± 13.0; p = .002) and then returned to baseline values. Potassium excretion increased 4 days after the initiation of HDTB and remained elevated thereafter (pre-HDTB = 82.2 ± 2.4/total volume; mid- to late HDTB = 89.4 ± 2.1; p = .02). Plasma renin activity increased significantly with HDTB (pre-HDTB = 1.28 ± 0.21 ng/mL/h; end HDTB = 1.69 ± 0.18; p = .01), but serum aldosterone did not change. A significant decrease in autonomic responsiveness and an increase in leg compliance were observed. Conclusions We conclude that even in the presence of a high-average salt intake diet, simulated microgravity leads to renal, cardioendocrine, and cardiovascular system alterations that likely contribute to cardiovascular deconditioning.