bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of skeletal muscle elasticity using color Doppler shear wave imaging
Authors: Kanaya Yuji , Konno Kei , Yamakoshi Yoshiki , Taniguchi Nobuyuki , Watanabe Hideaki , Takeshita Katsushi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to (1) assess the precision and reproducibility of color Doppler shear wave imaging (CD SWI) by comparing it with shear wave elastography (SWE) via elasticity phantom measurements, and (2) investigate the potential clinical applications of CD SWI in the upper limb muscles by assessing the reproducibility of skeletal muscle elasticity evaluations.

Methods
Four elastography phantoms of different stiffness (6.0–7.5 wt%) were used to assess the precision and reproducibility of CD SWI (compared with SWE) at depths. Typical upper limb muscles of 24 men were also assessed for this comparison.

Results
At superficial depths (0–2 cm), the phantom measurements obtained using CD SWI and SWE were similar at all levels of stiffness. Furthermore, both methods were highly reliable, with almost perfect intra- and inter-operator reliabilities. At greater depths (2–4 cm), measurements obtained using both methods were similar at all stiffness levels. Although standard deviations (SDs) of the phantom measurements obtained using both methods at lower stiffness were similar, those at higher stiffness were different. The SD of the CD SWI measurements was < 50% of that of the SWE measurements. However, both methods were highly reliable in the phantom test, with almost perfect intra- and inter-operator reliabilities. The intra- and inter-operator reliabilities of the shear wave velocity measurements for typical muscles of the upper limbs were also substantial in clinical settings.

Conclusion
CD SWI is a valid method for measuring elasticity, with precision and reliability as high as those of SWE.

Graphical abstract
Paradoxical GH increase after oral glucose load in subjects with and without acromegaly
Authors: Ceccato F. , Vedolin C. K. , Voltan G. , Antonelli G. , Barbot M. , Basso D. , Regazzo D. , Scaroni C. , Occhi G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
A paradoxical GH rise after the glucose load (GH-Par) is described in about one-third of acromegalic patients. Here, we evaluated the GH profile in subjects with and without acromegaly aiming to refine the definition of GH-Par.

Design
Observational case–control study.

Methods
Our cohort consisted of 60 acromegalic patients, and two groups of subjects presenting suppressed GH (< 0.4 µg/L) and high (non-acro↑IGF−1, n = 116) or normal IGF-1 levels (non-acro, n = 55). The distribution of GH peaks ≥ 120% from baseline, insulin, and glucose levels were evaluated over a 180-min time interval after glucose intake.

Results
A similar proportion of subjects in all three groups shows a GH ratio of ≥ 120% starting from 120 min. Re-considering the definition of paradoxical increase of GH within 90 min, we observed that the prevalence of GH peaks ≥ 120% was higher in acromegaly than in non-acro↑IGF−1 and non-acro (respectively 42%, 16%, and 7%, both p < 0.001). In patients without GH-Par, a late GH rebound was observed in the second part of the curve. Higher glucose peak (p = 0.038), slower decline after load, 20% higher glucose exposure (p = 0.015), and a higher prevalence of diabetes (p = 0.003) characterized acromegalic patients with GH-Par (with respect to those without).

Conclusions
GH-Par response may be defined as a 20% increase in the first 90 min after glucose challenge. GH-Par, common in acromegaly and associated with an increased prevalence of glucose metabolism abnormalities, is found also in a subset of non-acromegalic subjects with high IGF-1 levels, suggesting its possible involvement in the early phase of the disease.
Family firm performance in times of crisis—new evidence from Germany
Authors: Jarchow Svenja , Kaserer Christoph , Keppler Henry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLiterature shows that founding-family control tends to positively impact firm performance and valuation. However, it is questioned whether this positive impact also persists in times of crisis or might even be reverted, as in such periods families could be focused on the survival of the firm even at the expense of long-term cash flows. By studying a large sample of listed German firms over the period 1998–2018, we document a significant outperformance of family firms in terms of ROA and (to a lesser extent) Tobin’s Q during the crisis years 2008–2010 relative to their non-family counterparts. Moreover, this crisis resilience is more pronounced the stronger the family influence in terms of equity ownership. Outside the crisis period, there is only weak evidence for any outperformance. Digging deeper into this crisis effect, we find family firms to significantly reduce their leverage during the crisis. This, however, is not done at the expense of future cash flows, as we find weak evidence that family firms increase their capital expenditures as well as their employment relative to their non-family counterparts. Given that these results also hold in a dynamic panel system GMM approach and withstand a battery of robustness tests, we hope to add new evidence on the drivers of family firm performance.
The impact of depression forums on illness narratives: a comprehensive NLP analysis of socialization in e-mental health communities
Authors: Sik Domonkos , Rakovics Márton , Buda Jakab , Németh Renáta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile depression is globally on the rise, the mental health sector struggles with handling the increased number of cases, especially since the pandemic. These circumstances have resulted in an increased interest in the e-mental health sector. The dataset is constituted of 67 857 posts from the most popular English-language online health forums between 15 February 2016 and 15 February 2019. The posts were first automatically labelled (biomedical vs. psy framing) via deep learning; second, the time series of framing types of recurring forum users were analysed; third, the clusters of biomedical and psy patterns were analysed; fourth, the discursive characteristics of each cluster were analysed with the help of topic modelling. Five ideal-typical patterns of forum socialization are described: the first and the second clusters express the developing of a ‘recovery helper’ role, either by opposing expert discourses or by identifying with the psy discourses; the third cluster expresses the acquiring of a substantively diffuse, uncertain role; the fourth and fifth clusters refer to a trajectory leading to the incorporating of a biomedically framed patient role, or a therapeutic psy subjectivity. Elements of data collection that potentially undermine representativeness: online forum users, open and public forums, keyword search. The trajectories identified in our study represent various phases of a general forum socialization process: newcomers (cluster 3); settled patient role (cluster 4) or psy subjectivity (cluster 5); recovery helpers (cluster 1 and 2).
Im Beziehungsgefüge von Familie und Schule: Positionen von Kindern und Lehrkräften zu ‚schwer erreichbaren‘ Eltern
Authors: Eunicke Nicoletta 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Art und Weise, wie das Verhältnis zwischen Familie und Schule gestaltet wird, ist zentral für das Aufwachsen von Kindern und für die pädagogische Beziehung zwischen Lehrkraft und Kind. Wenn mit Eltern keine Zusammenarbeit zustande kommt, wird dies in aktuellen fach- und bildungspolitischen Forderungen nach einer Intensivierung der Beziehung im Sinne einer Bildungs- und Erziehungspartnerschaft zwischen Familie und Schule problematisiert. Während in der Forschung schulpädagogische Perspektiven und elterliche Erfahrungen zu ausbleibender Zusammenarbeit Thema sind, gibt es eine Leerstelle: Bisher wurde nicht untersucht, wie Kinder über sogenannte ‚schwer erreichbare‘ Eltern sprechen. In diesem Beitrag wird daher den Fragen nachgegangen, welche Positionen Kinder und Lehrkräfte zu für die Schule ‚schwer erreichbaren‘ Eltern (nicht) einnehmen und inwiefern der elterlichen ‚Schwererreichbarkeit‘ entlang dieser Positionen eine Bedeutung für die Lehrkraft-Kind-Beziehung zugesprochen wird. Anhand von leitfadengestützten Interviews mit Kindern (n = 42) im Grundschulalter und mit Grundschullehrkräften (n = 7), die situationsanalytisch ausgewertet wurden, werden zehn heterogene Positionen zu vermeintlich ‚schwer erreichbaren‘ Eltern dargestellt. In der Relationierung der Positionen von Kindern und Lehrkräften werden geteilte, aber auch widersprüchliche Positionen von Kindern und Lehrkräften sichtbar. Prekär wird die Situierung von Kindern, wenn ihnen die ‚schwere Erreichbarkeit‘ ihrer Eltern durch Lehrkräfte zugeschrieben wird und sie damit auf ihren familiären Hintergrund festgelegt werden. Es wird diskutiert, das Verhältnis von Familie und Schule nicht auf eine partnerschaftliche Beziehung zu reduzieren, sondern auch ‚Schwererreichbarkeit‘ als mögliche Form der Zusammenarbeit anzuerkennen.
Analysis of drought coping strategies in northern Ethiopian highlands
Authors: Gidey Eskinder , Mhangara Paidamwoyo , Gebregergs Tirhas , Zeweld Woldegebriel , Gebretsadik Haftamu , Dikinya Oagile , Mussa Said , Zenebe Amanuel , Girma Atkilt , Fisseha Girmatsion , Addisu Alemu , Nasir Jemal , Zeleke Tesfaye , Birhane Emiru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne of the most detrimental concerns brought on by a changing climate that annually affects many people's lives is drought. Proactive and reactive drought coping and adapting mechanisms enable farmers to be resilient against climate–induced drought and improve the drylands' current disaster preparedness and early warning systems. The aim of this study was to assess proactive and reactive farmers' drought coping strategies at household level in Raya Valley in southern Tigray, Ethiopia. Agro–climatological based 246 households were sampled from the lowlands, midlands and highlands of the study area. The most effective drought coping mechanisms were discovered using a multinomial logit model. The study area had endured mild to extremely severe drought in the last three decades. The association between the various drought severity and household heads were significant (chi2 = 9.861, df = 3, p < 0.05). Proactive drought coping measures included collecting and storing pasture, conserving soil and water, weather prediction information to adjust saving and farming practices. Livestock feeding with roasted cactus cladode, small business loans, livestock selling, productive safety–net program, and food consumption reduction were the major reactive drought coping strategies. The proactive and reactive drought coping strategies identified in this study should be used to improve the existing disaster preparedness and early warning systems in the face of climate and weather extreme related impacts of climate variability and change.
Biofingerprint detection of corona virus using Raman spectroscopy: a novel approach
Authors: Rumaling Muhammad Izzuddin , Chee Fuei Pien , Bade Abdullah , Goh Lucky Poh Wah , Juhim Floressy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a highly contagious respiratory virus that has caused a global pandemic. Despite the urgent need for effective diagnostic screening technologies, ideal methods for COVID-19 detection have not yet been developed. To address this issue, we developed a Raman spectroscopy technique for rapid and sensitive on-site detection of SARS-CoV-2, utilizing the unique spectral fingerprint of molecular vibrations. The proposed technique is non-invasive and label-free that enables the detection of molecular vibrations, providing a unique spectral fingerprint for different molecules. Raman spectra from 75 positive and 75 negative swab samples were analyzed, processed by smoothening and baseline correction of spectral data. The peaks in the processed data were detected and assigned based on literature peak, with peaks specific to positive samples used for detection with minimal false positives. These peaks were attributed to various molecules, including amino acids in proteins, glycoproteins, lipids, and protein structures. Our Raman spectroscopy technique provides a reliable and non-invasive approach for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, with potential to expand to other infectious agents. This method has significant implications for global health, aiding in effective control measures against COVID-19.
Strict robustness to incomplete information
Authors: Morris Stephen , Oyama Daisuke , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study a strict version of the notion of equilibrium robustness by Kajii and Morris (Econometrica 65:1283–1309, 1997) that allows for a larger class of incomplete information perturbations of a given complete information game, where with high probability, players believe that their payoffs are close to (but may be different from) those of the complete information game. We show that a strict monotone potential maximizer of a complete information game is strictly robust if either the game or the associated strict monotone potential is supermodular, and that the converse also holds in all binary-action supermodular games.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with concomitant spondylolysis: choice of fusion levels and evaluation of the outcomes obtained leaving the lytic level not instrumented
Authors: Baroncini Alice , Field Antony , Segar Anand H. , Tse Cheuk Bun , Sevic Aleksandar , Crawford Haemish 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
7% of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients also present with a pars defect. To date, there are no available data on the results of fusion ending proximal to a spondylolysis in the setting of AIS. The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of posterior spinal fusion (PSF) in this patient cohort, to investigate if maintaining the lytic segment unfused represents a safe option.

Methods
Retrospective review of all patients who received PSF for AIS, presented with a spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis and had a min. 2-year follow-up. Demographic data, instrumented levels, and preoperative radiographic data were collected. Mechanical complications, coronal or sagittal parameters, amount of slippage, and pain levels were evaluated.

Results
Data from 22 patients were available (age 14.4 ± 2.5 years), 18 Lenke 1–2 and 4 Lenke 3–6. 5 patients (24%) had an isthmic spondylolisthesis, all Meyerding I. The mean preoperative Cobb angle of the instrumented curves was 58 ± 13°. For 18 patients, the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) was the last touched vertebra (LTV); for 2, LIV was distal to the LTV; for 2, LIV was one level proximal to the LTV. The number of segments between the LIV and the lytic vertebra ranged from 1 to 6. At the last follow-up, no complications were observed. The residual curve below the instrumentation measured 8.5 ± 6.4°, the lordosis below the instrumented levels was 51.4 ± 13°. The magnitude of the isthmic spondylolisthesis remained constant for all included patients. Three patients reported minimal occasional low back pain.

Conclusion
The LTV can be safely used as LIV when performing PSF for the management of AIS in patients with L5 spondylolysis.
Bioactive Protein and Peptide Release from a Mucoadhesive Electrospun Membrane
Authors: Edmans Jake G. , Murdoch Craig , Hatton Paul V. , Madsen Lars Siim , Santocildes-Romero Martin E. , Spain Sebastian G. , Colley Helen E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProtein-based biologics constitute a rapidly expanding category of therapeutic agents with high target specificity. Their clinical use has dramatically increased in recent years, but administration is largely via injection. Drug delivery across the oral mucosa is a promising alternative to injections, in order to avoid the gastrointestinal tract and first-pass metabolism. Current drug delivery formulations include liquid sprays, mucoadhesive tablets and films, which lack dose control in the presence of salivary flow. To address this, electrospun membranes that adhere tightly to the oral mucosa and release drugs locally have been developed. Here, we investigated the suitability of these mucoadhesive membranes for peptide or protein release. Bradykinin (0.1%) or insulin (1, 3, and 5%) were incorporated by electrospinning from ethanol/water mixtures. Immersion of membranes in buffer resulted in the rapid release of bradykinin, with a maximal release of 70 ± 12% reached after 1 h. In contrast, insulin was liberated more slowly, with 88 ± 11, 69.0 ± 5.4, and 63.9 ± 9.0% cumulative release of the total encapsulated dose after 8 h for membranes containing 1, 3, and 5% w/w insulin, respectively. Membrane–eluted bradykinin retained pharmacological activity by inducing rapid intracellular calcium release upon binding to its cell surface receptor on oral fibroblasts, when examined by flow cytometry. To quantify further, time-lapse confocal microscopy revealed that membrane–eluted bradykinin caused a 1.58 ± 0.16 fold-change in intracellular calcium fluorescence after 10 s compared to bradykinin solution (2.13 ± 0.21), relative to placebo. In conclusion, these data show that electrospun membranes may be highly effective vehicles for site-specific administration of biotherapeutic proteins or peptides directly to the oral mucosa for either local or systemic drug delivery applications.
Evolution and psychiatry: the formation of a special interest group
Authors: Brar Gurjot , O’Connell Henry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis editorial outlines the formation of a new special interest group (SIG) in evolution and psychiatry. The formative beginnings of the evolutionary psychiatry field and founding of the group in Ireland are presented, identifying central figures of the field and their contributions. Furthermore, key milestones and accomplishments are discussed with current and future directions. Additionally, foundational texts and seminal papers are included to guide the reader in their journey to discover more about evolution and psychiatry. We hope this will be of relevance to those interested in how SIGs form and also to clinicians with an interest in evolutionary psychiatry.
Pliocene fossils support a New Zealand origin for the smallest extant penguins
Authors: Thomas Daniel B. , Tennyson Alan J.D. , Marx Felix G. , Ksepka Daniel T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA late Pliocene (3.36–3.06 Ma) exposure of the Tangahoe Formation on the North Island of New Zealand preserves close fossil relatives of many extant seabird clades. Here, we report an extinct member of the little penguin (Eudyptula Bonaparte, 1856) lineage from the Tangahoe Formation—the smallest extinct crown penguin yet known. Eudyptula wilsonae n. sp. is based on the nearly complete skulls of an adult and a fledged but immature individual. Both skulls show more slender proportions than modern little penguins and precede genome-derived estimates for the divergence between Eudyptula minor minor Forster, 1781 (endemic to New Zealand) and Eudyptula m. novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826 (native to Australia and recently established in New Zealand). This raises the possibility that the fossil taxon represents a lineage directly ancestral to extant little penguins. Our results support a Zealandian origin for little penguins, with subsequent Pleistocene dispersal to Australia and a more recent Holocene range expansion of Eudyptula m. novaehollandiae back into New Zealand.UUID: https://zoobank.org/a415f70a-e441-4920-85e0-75f6457577ea
From Postmodern Art to Stalinism: Donetsk’s Culture Reimagined
Authors: Iakovlenko Kateryna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article analyzes the cultural transformation in the self-proclaimed “people’s republics” in the Donbas, characterized by a violent rejection of global postmodernist art and the return to a Soviet, often Stalinist, cultural message and visual language. The author, an art critic and curator, born and previously active in the Donbas, begins by discussing the destruction of unconventional art, even when created by the miners themselves, and the projects associated with the IZOLYATSIA art platform. The second part of the article deals with public art in the early years of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People’s Republic (DNR), in particular, political posters and art exhibits, which employ Soviet or Soviet-like themes and visual imagery. In a notable departure from the Russian model, the “mobilized art” in the separatist-controlled Donbas features positive references to the Bolshevik Revolution. Throughout the article, the concept of violence is used to analyze the mediatized destruction of nonrealist art and the construction of the DNR’s self-image.
Explaining Feminist Movement Impact: Provincial Abortion Policies in the Wake of Decriminalization, 1988–2018
Authors: Bashevkin Sylvia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFocusing on four jurisdictions where abortion facilities and providers faced violent attacks following theMorgentalerdecision of 1988, this study compares provincial government responses to core feminist demands in the area of women's reproductive health: enhanced hospital access, public funding of clinic abortions and safe zone protections. Consistent with previous research on childcare and anti-violence policies, the study finds that in neoliberal times, the presence of left governing parties in Alberta, British Columbia and Ontario generally favoured abortion rights interests while conservative regimes disadvantaged them. The article contributes valuable new insights in revealing (1) the importance of centrist leaders in Ontario and at the federal level to pro-choice policy changes, (2) the significance of feminist critical actors to these outcomes, and (3) major variation among New Democratic Party provincial governments on abortion policy. The conclusion discusses implications of these results and proposes directions for further research.
Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing in laryngectomised patients using different heat and moisture exchangers – feasibility and exercise responses
Authors: Heirman Anne N , Groen Wim G , van der Molen Lisette , Dirven Richard , van den Brekel Michiel W M , Stuiver Martijn M 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveAfter laryngectomy, the breathing resistance of heat and moisture exchangers may limit exercise capacity. Breathing gas analysis during cardiopulmonary exercise testing is not possible using regular masks. This study tested the feasibility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing with a heat and moisture exchanger in situ, using an in-house designed connector. Additionally, we explored the effect of different heat and moisture exchanger resistances on exercise capacity in this group.MethodsTen participants underwent two cardiopulmonary exercise tests using their daily life heat and moisture exchanger (0.3 hPa or 0.6 hPa) and one specifically developed for activity (0.15 hPa). Heat and moisture exchanger order was randomised and blinded.ResultsAll participants completed both tests. No (serious) adverse events occurred. Only four subjects reached a respiratory exchange ratio of more than 1.1 in at least one test. Maximum exercise levels using heat and moisture exchangers with different resistances did not differ.ConclusionCardiopulmonary exercise testing in laryngectomees with a heat and moisture exchanger is feasible; however, the protocol does not seem appropriate to reach this group's maximal exercise capacity. Lowering heat and moisture exchanger resistance does not increase exercise capacity in this sample.