bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Advance Decision Making with Severe Mental Illness: A retrospective observational cohort analysis of the use of an Electronic Palliative Care Coordination System
Authors: Gill Rea , Droney Joanne , Owen Gareth , Riley Julia , Stephenson Lucy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background

People living with severe mental illness (SMI) face significant health inequalities, including in palliative care. Advance Decision Making (ADM) is widely recommended by palliative care experts and could reduce inequalities. However, implementing palliative care ADM with this group is challenging. Electronic Palliative Care Coordination Systems such as Coordinate my Care (CMC) have been introduced to increase ADM uptake and improve care quality in the general population. This study explores the use of CMC amongst those with SMI and aims to describe the cohort of people with a primary diagnosis of SMI who have used CMC for ADM, how this cohort uses the service and make recommendations for future research and policy.

Method

A retrospective observational cohort analysis was completed of CMC records created 01/01/2010 - 31/09/2021. Descriptive statistics were used to report on characteristics including: age, diagnosis, prognosis and resuscitation status. Thematic analysis was used to report on the content of patients’ statements of preference.

Results

There were 1826 records where the service user had a primary diagnosis of SMI. Of this sample most (60.1%) had capacity to make treatment decisions, 47.8% were aged under 70, 86.7% were given a prognosis of ‘years’ and most (63.1%) wanted full CPR. Statements of preferences contained information about preferences for physical and mental health treatment care as well as information about patient presentation and capacity. This suggests that compared to usual CMC users the cohort of interest are relatively able, younger people using CMC to make long-term plans for active physical and mental health treatment. However, only a minority contained statements of patient wishes and where recorded these were often brief, and many did not obviously reflect authentic patient voice.

Conclusions

This digital tool is being used by people with SMI but to plan for more than palliative care. This cohort and supporting professionals have found a digital tool is helpful to plan for longer term physical and mental healthcare. Future research and policy should focus on development of tailored digital tools for people with SMI to plan for palliative, physical and mental healthcare and support expression of patient voice.
Inclusion of a Computerized Test in ADHD Diagnosis Process can Improve Trust in the Specialists' Decision and Elevate Compliance Levels
Authors: Grossman Ephraim S. , Berger Itai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects many life aspects of children and adults. Accurate identification, diagnosis and treatment of ADHD can facilitate better care. However, ADHD diagnosis and treatment methods are subject of controversy. Objective measures can elevate trust in specialist's decision and treatment compliance. In this observational study we asked whether knowing that a computerized test was included in ADHD diagnosis process results in more trust and intention to comply with treatment recommendations. Questionnaires were administered to 464 people, 198 men, average age=40.78(9.14). Questions regarding expected trust and compliance, trust trait, trust in physician and health-care-institutions, and ADHD scales followed a scenario about parents referred to a neurologist for sons' ADHD diagnosis. The scenario presented to the test group (n=189) mentioned that a computerized test was part of the diagnostic process. The control group scenario mention any computerized test being included in the diagnostic process. Test group participants expressed more trust in the diagnosis and greater levels of intention for treatment compliance. Group differences in intention for treatment compliance were mediated by trust in decision. Inclusion of a computerized test in ADHD diagnosis process can improve trust in the specialists' decision and elevate compliance levels.
Eventration of diaphragm: A case report
Authors: Zhang Ci , Shi Tiantian , zhang Zhengyi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Eventration of diaphragm is uncommon in adults and is caused by paralysis, aplasia or atrophy of the diaphragm's muscular fibers, which causes the abnormal elevation of the diaphragm and abdominal organs to protrude into the chest. Eventration of diaphragm is usually diagnosed by the elevation of left hemi-diaphragm in the plain X-ray or chest CT. Though the incidence of diaphragm eventration is low and relatively rare, it can result in serious ventilation dysfunction and digestive system symptoms.
Case summary: This paper describes a 57-year-old male patient with eventration of diaphragm who presented as pulmonary heart disease (PHD). He had severe symptoms presenting with the lower-extremity pitting edema a year before, then he alleviated his discomfort by taking diuretics self-administered and did not get regular therapy. However, the patient's clinical symptomscontinued to worsen and developed chest tightness, shortness of breath and lower-extremity edema again without effective and systematic treatment. Clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and imaging exams of the patients were evaluated by general practitioners, then they made the diagnosis of PHD and eventration of diaphragm. Finally, with the assistance of a professor of thoracic surgery, diaphragmatic plication was implemented which improved the symptoms of functional status and shortness of breath.
Conclusion: This case report and literature review investigated the clinical symptoms of eventration of diaphragm presenting with heart failure, which aims to help provide ideas for the clinical treatment of eventration of diaphragm.
EEF1A1 knock-down regulates the expression and alternative splicing of genes associated with Parkinson`s disease in U251 cells
Authors: Lei Jing , aisha zaolaguli , zhang yan , Ma Jianhua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1A1 (EEF1A1) is an RNA-binding protein that is associated with PARK2 activity in cells, predicting a possible important role in Parkinson`s disease (PD). However, it is not clear whether EEF1A1 will play a role in PD through transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation. In this study, the GSE68719 data set was downloaded from the GEO database, and the RNA-seq data of BA9 brain tissue autopsy were obtained from 29 PD patients and 44 neurologically normal control subjects. The analysis found that EEF1A1 was significantly over-expressed in PD brain tissue. Then, to inhibit EEF1A1 from being expressed in U251 cells, siRNA was transfected into those cells, and the RNA-seq high-throughput sequencing was used to determine the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) and differentially alternative splicing events (ASEs) resulting from the EEF1A1 knockdown. Further, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that EEF1A1 knockdown significantly up-regulated the expression of genes CXCL10, NGF, PTX3, IL6, ST6GALNAC3, NUPR1, TNFRSF21, CXCL2, and up-regulated alternative splicing of genes ACOT7, DDX10, SHMT2, MYEF2, NDUFAF5. These genes were enriched to pathways related to PD pathogenesis, such as apoptosis, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that EEF1A1 may be involved in the development of PD by regulating differential expression and alternative splicing of genes. This study preliminarily investigated the potential role and mechanism of EEF1A1 in the pathogenesis of PD, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent research.
A Novel Filter and Embedded Feature Selection Methods applied to High Dimensional Metabolomics Data in Enhancing Colorectal Cancer Classification
Authors: Ibrahim Nurain , Ul-Saufie Ahmad Zia , Tharmaratnam Kukatharmini , Probert Chris , Bond Ashley , Gh Nor Azura Md 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Metabolomics is an emerging field, which focuses on the study of small molecules (metabolites) and their chemical processes. Metabolomics data are highly dimensional, with p>>n where p is the number of variables and n is the sample size of the cohort. Hence, feature selection is a key step in metabolomics studies to reduce the dimensionality in the dataset, removing redundant and unwanted features and mitigating overfitting. The t-test (T) and correlation sharing t-test method (corT) can be used as filter methods. Penalized regression, and in particular the embedded method least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso), have also been applied for feature selection with the aim of minimising the problem of overfitting that often affects prediction models in this field. These methods are here applied to datasets of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from patients with colorectal cancer or non-cancer (aimed at discriminating between non-cancer vs colorectal cancer groups, and healthy control vs adenoma groups). Cross validation, with data split into two sets (80% for training and 20% for validation) was used to compare the performance of the feature selection methods in terms of classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under ROC.
Results
As a result, for non-cancer and colorectal cancer discrimination, the T method showed the worst classification accuracy followed by Lasso. CorT achieved the best level of discrimination although this was still low (AUC of 0.60). For healthy control and adenoma discrimination however, methods corT showed the lowest AUC, followed by the T method. Lasso achieved the best level of discrimination, although this remained low (AUC of 0.65). However, there is limitation of these methods where the feature selection methods considered were not able to identify a set of VOCs with good levels of discrimination between colon cancer, adenoma and control cases.
Conclusion
This paper is being limited use to assist medical practitioners in earlier detection of colorectal cancer.
Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of health management of chronic disease patients among ethnic minority migrant population
Authors: Du Jie , Mengzhe Yang , Zhao Linyan , Lin Junchang , Zhang Yuhui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To understand the current situation and influencing factors of health management of chronic disease patients (hypertension and type II diabetes) in ethnic minority mobile populations and improve the utilization rate of public health services for ethnic minority migrant populations.
Methods: Data related to 820 cases of hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus patients from the national migrant population health and family planning dynamic monitoring survey data from May to August 2017 were collected, and SPSS25.0 statistical software was applied to analyze the current situation and influencing factors of health service utilization among patients with chronic diseases in the ethnic minority migrant population.
Results：4.1% of the ethnic minority migrant population had hypertension, 0.8% had diabetes, and 0.5% had both hypertension and diabetes. 42.2% of the 820 patients with chronic diseases had received free follow-up assessments or health checkups of chronic illnesses from the community health service center (station)/township health center in the inflow area in the past year. The results of multifactorial unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the acceptance rate of health management was higher among patients with chronic diseases who were over 65 years old, of Uyghur ethnicity, considered themselves as local people, interacting with local people, heard of the“National Basic Public Health Service” program, had established health records, and received health education. The acceptance rate of chronic disease management was lower among those aged 24-35, with inflow from the eastern and central regions and little interaction with others.
Conclusions: Currently, the prevalence of chronic diseases among ethnic minority migrant populations is low, but the potential risk of illness should be taken seriously; the level of acceptance of health management for patients with chronic diseases among ethnic minority migrant populations is low. Age, ethnicity, region of inflow, local identity, local interaction, knowledge of “national basic public health service program” the establishment of local health records, and acceptance of health education are the main factors influencing the acceptance of chronic disease health management among the ethnic minority migrant population.
Elevated Platelet Count is associated with Decreased Mortality from Hemorrhagic Stroke in Hospital: A Multi-center Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Zhenhua , Liu Chenglin , Wu Zhanxing , Xiao Xiaoyong , Chen Zhongqin , Huang Qun , Liu Dehong , Deng Zhe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Platelet count (PC) decreased has been implicated in patients with severe hemorrhagic stroke (HS). while the association of PC with subsequent mortality of HS patients remains unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate association of PC with HS patients’ mortality.
Methods: This retrospective study included 10,466 hospitalized patients enrolled in 208 hospitals from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 in the US. We evaluated clinical data of 3262 HS patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We assessed the correlation between PC and all-cause mortality of HS by Multivariate logistic regression. A nonlinear association between platelet count and mortality of HS patients was investigated using a generalized additive model (GAM) and smooth curve fitting.
Results: Of 11107 stroke patients screened, 3262 HS patients (mean age, 67.05 years; 52.79% males) were included in the primary analysis. The median PC (min-max) was (221.67 ± 73.78) (9–450) ×109 /L. Lower platelet patients was associated of over two times as high as that for non-low platelet patients. A 10-unit increase in PC was associated with a 20% decrease in the risk of HS patients’ death in the hospital. And we found that the link between the PC at admission with mortality of HS patients in hospital was likewise non-linear. In addition, we first demonstrated that the inflection point of the platelet count was 194×109 /L by using a recursive algorithm. When PLT was <194×109 /L, an increment of PLT was associated with a decrease in HS-related morality, but the mortality risk of HS did not increase with a decrease in PLT for PLT values >194×109 /L.
Conclusion: Elevated PC above the inflection point (194×10 9 /L) may be a great intervention for decreased the mortality of HS patients.
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With J.C in a Tropical Environment: Study of Six (6) Observations at the University Hospital of Conakry.
Authors: Diallo Mohamed Tafsir , Toure Mohamed Lamine , DIALLO Souleymane Mbara , Carlos Guelngar Othon , Barry Souleymane Djigué , Camara Namory , Sakadi Foksouna , Loramou Christ Matho , Diallo Bademba , Sakho Aminata , Baldé Thierno Hamidou , Diallo Mariama Boubacar , Koné Adama , Milman Kadji Juste , Madandi Hinima , Lamah Eugen , Barry Abdoul Karim Telico , Diallo Mamadou Hady , Cissé Fodé Abass , Cissé Amara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), related to oligodendrocyte infection by reactivation of latent John Cunningham virus (J.C.) involvement of the nervous system in the context of immunosuppression, is poorly described in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite the high prevalence of AIDS, tuberculosis, leukemia, and probably autoimmune diseases.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study of six (6) observations of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Conakry. The diagnostic confirmation formerly made from the brain biopsy, was certified by PCR (J.C) in the cerebrospinal fluid, the magnetic resonance imaging in a neurological context: motor disorders, dysarthria, cognitive, cerebellar and sensory disorders.
Results: This study shows that it is an unrecognized disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Men were more represented (4 men and 2 women).
The clinical picture was dominated by cognitive disorders, motor deficits, neurosensory manifestations and cerebellar damage. The incriminated pathologies that led to severe immunosuppression were HIV in 3 cases, leprosy in one case, systemic lupus erythematosus in one case and African trypanosomiasis in one case. CSF PCR for J.C virus was positive in all patients.
Magnetic resonance imaging contributed to the diagnosis by showing T2 hypersignals in the white matter.
Conclusion: PML occurring in chronic autoimmune conditions should be sought in re-emerging tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. These data are useful for the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic discussion.
Rebounding Ability of Weaver Ants, Oecophylla longinoda Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Cashew Farming Systems in Tanzania
Authors: Nene Wilson , Rwegasira Gration M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe African Weaver antOecophylla longinodaholds a potential of being a vital component in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. However, its exploitation in cashew production systems in Tanzania which relies heavily on the use of synthetic insecticides such as Lambda cyhalothrin for the control of cashew bugs (Helopeltisspp.) had been uncertain. This study examined the possibility ofO. longinodarebounding back after spraying Lamda cyhalothrin to control insect pests during cashew fruiting season. The population abundance ofO. longinodaand their predation efficiency onHelopeltisspp was determined. The study findings suggest that two to three spraying regimes of the insecticide significantly (P<0.001) reducesO. longinodapopulation abundances. The averageO. longinodapopulation declined from a range of 201-500 (average 350.5 insects) per cashew tree to 21-50 (average 35.5 insects) per tree. However, we recorded a quick recovery ofO. longinodapopulation of up to >500 insects per tree (score index 5) when favourable conditions were restored immediately after the fruiting season. On predation efficiency,O. longidodasignificantly (P<0.001) performed equally to Lambda cyhalothrine in reducingHelopeltisspp. Thus, under suitable conditions,O. longinodahas ability to quickly build up to high populations and adequately suppresses the cashew pests. Conclusively, the present study indicated that,O. longinodaas the predator holds great potential in transforming from conventional to organic cashew production system in Tanzania.
Population impact of malaria control interventions in the health district of Kati, Mali
Authors: Katile Abdoulaye , Sagara Issaka , Cissoko Mady , Bationo Cédric Stéphane , Dolo Mathias , Dembélé Pascal , Kamate Bourama , Simaga Ismaila , Sissoko Mahamadou Soumana , Landier Jordi , Gaudart Jean 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: WHO and its partners have adopted alternative control interventions since the failure to eradicate malaria worldwide in the 1960s and 1970s. The aim of these interventions has been to redesign the control interventions to make them more effective and more efficient. The purpose of this study is to assess the population impact of control interventions implemented at the community health area level.
Methods: The analysis used data from the health information system on malaria cases and interventions (distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), access to rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women (IPT)) collected in the Kati health district from 2017 to 2020. And the contextual parameters (temperature, normal difference vegetation index (NDVI) and rainfall) were obtained by remote sensing. A generalizedadditive model was used to assess the impact of malaria control interventions on malaria cases as a function of meteorological factors.
Results: The incidence of malaria varies from year to year and from health area to health area, as do meteorological factors in the study area. The distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets, chemoprevention of seasonal malaria in children and access to rapid diagnostic tests for malaria were found to have a significant impact on the incidence of malaria in the population. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention was effective in reducing the incidence of malaria, while distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and access to rapid diagnostic tests increased with the number of malaria cases, reflecting efforts to distribute and use bed nets and to diagnose malaria cases among the population in the study area.
Conclusion: The study showed the impact of SMC on reducing malaria cases in the population and the significant efforts in LLIN distribution and malaria case diagnosis. To further reduce the burden of malaria, sustained efforts and new interventions are needed, including improving access to rapid diagnosis and treatment in communities.
Designing Precise Ossicular Chain Reconstruction with Finite Element Modelling
Authors: Mohseni-Dargah Masoud , Pastras Christopher , Mukherjee Payal , Cheng Kai , Khajeh Khosro , Asadnia Mohsen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The disruption of the middle ear ossicles, specifically the incus, can occur due to various factors like infection, tumours, and trauma. This can lead to ossicular discontinuity, which causes conductive hearing loss (CHL). A commonly used therapeutic approach to address CHL is Ossicular Chain Reconstruction (OCR), which involves placing a prosthesis between the tympanic membrane (TM) and the stapes structure to restore hearing. However, current solutions for incus replacement in OCR have a high failure rate of around 40% within five years, mainly due to material biocompatibility, biomechanics, and prosthesis anchoring. To minimize extrusion and improve prosthesis stabilization, an implant customized to the patient's middle ear anatomy could utilise the protective effects and natural amplification of the native ossicular chain, while also eliminating direct contact with the malleus handle or TM. In this study, we developed and validated a novel Finite Element (FE) model for the middle ear to evaluate anatomically-modelled prosthetic incus, inspired by healthy incus geometry and made of different biomaterial candidates, including titanium, hydroxyapatite (HA), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP). The results of our biomechanical analyses indicate that the proposed FE model, which included the prosthetic incus, closely mimicked the normal middle ear vibration. This suggests that titanium, HA, and TCP may be useful materials for ossicular prostheses. Furthermore, our study highlights the potential of an anatomically modelled prosthetic incus as a promising option for OCR. This paper lays the foundation for designing personalized OCR using FE modelling, potentially leading to substantial improvements in hearing outcomes for patients.