bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policy growth, implementation capacities, and the effect on policy performance
Authors: Fernández‐i‐Marín Xavier , Hinterleitner Markus , Knill Christoph , Steinebach Yves 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDemocratic governments have constantly added new policies to existing policy stocks to confront societal, economic, and environmental challenges. This development has the potential to overburden public administrations in charge of policy implementation. To address this issue, we theorize and analyze how the relationship between the size of sectoral policy portfolios and implementation capacities affects sectoral policy performance. Our Bayesian analysis of the environmental policies of 21 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries from 1976 to 2020 reveals a widening “gap” between the policies up for implementation and the implementation capacities available and shows that this gap negatively affects environmental policy performance. Qualitative insights from 47 in‐depth interviews with implementers validate these findings and shed light on the underlying causal processes. Our findings suggest that in advanced democracies transforming additional policies into effective problem‐solving crucially hinges on the deliberate expansion of implementation capacities.
Women academics experiences of maternity leave in the neoliberal university: Unmasking governmentality
Authors: Jones Karen , Floyd Alan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAddressing a paucity of large‐scale studies about women academics maternity experiences of leave in academia and under‐theorizing the influence of neoliberalism on this phenomenon, this research provides one of the largest studies of women's experiences of maternity leave in the academic sector. Secondary analysis of a subset of data from a global online mixed method survey with 553 women academics (82% UK, 18% international) was undertaken to explore experiences and implications of maternity leave for women. The findings reveal that women academics continued to undertake core academic work duties during maternity leave such as writing grant applications and journal articles, supervising doctoral students, teaching, and responding to emails. We document four distinct orientations adopted by women during maternity leave that characterize neoliberal subjectivity and use Foucauldian governmentality to unmask the inculcation of such norms. Our analysis shows how neoliberal ideology has gained a hegemonic position in academia that leaves little space for maternity leave, resulting in many women effectively relinquishing their maternity rights to sustain academic productivity. We argue that neoliberalism and new managerialism within the academy undermine policies to support women's maternity rights. The findings of this study will be of interest to scholars and Human Resources professionals, academic mothers, managers, and policymakers who are championing change in the sector.
A cohort study and matched pair analysis evaluating the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on access to dental care for people with inherited bleeding disorders
Authors: Booth Alessandra Joelle , Cavell Tom , Gill Thomas , Hart Daniel , Nanayakkara Lochana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatients with inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) can experience challenges in accessing dental care. The COVID‐19 pandemic saw the cessation of routine dentistry in England. This study aims to highlight whether access to dental care for patients with IBDs was impacted by the pandemic, and whether the severity of their IBD impacts patients experience of dental care.MethodsPatients over the age of 18 with Haemophilia A and B, Von Willibrands (VWD), Bernard‐Soulier syndrome (BSS) and Glanzmann's disease were recruited. One hundred and seventy‐eight patients were called and invited to complete a questionnaire. Full cohort and matched pair analysis was performed.ResultsSeventy participants completed the questionnaire (62 males, mean age 39.9), 26 had a mild IBD and 44 severe. Mild and severe patients were matched on IBD, gender, deprivation index and age. Thirty‐one percent of patients tried to seek dental advice during the pandemic. Eighty‐one percent of mild patients saw a dentist routinely prior to the pandemic, compared to 58% of severe patients. Doctors were more likely to discuss the importance of dental prevention with patients with severe IBDs (p = .0042).ConclusionFewer patients with severe IBDs accessed regular dental care compared to their matched pair counterparts prior to the pandemic. This could indicate that access to care is more difficult for those with severe IBDs. Patients felt that oral health is relevant to their IBD. While doctors were more likely to discuss the importance of preventing dental disease with patients who have severe IBDs, the profession needs to ensure this translates into routine engagement.
Understanding organizational identity in universities: Unravelling autonomy, governance and leadership in the case of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Authors: Flipse Abraham C. , van Berckel Smit Floris J. N. , Huisman Jeroen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper offers a historical analysis of organizational identity development at a particular Dutch university, the Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam. Our analysis contributes to the discussion on what factors contribute to organizational identity maintenance and evolution. Whereas the literature suggests a rather straightforward development, with national and institutional governance arrangements offering more institutional autonomy and providing significant scope for identity development and profiling, this case study shows that these relationships between identity, governance, and autonomy are not that obvious. In this particular case, the opposite happened. Despite more autonomy, VU Amsterdam was not able to maintain its historically distinctive identity, nor was it able to replace this with a new, unambiguous identity. External factors (demographics) and internal dynamics (leadership strategies) explain the anomalies.
Barriers to and enablers of the promotion of patient and family participation in primary healthcare nursing in Brazil, Germany and Spain: A qualitative study
Authors: Heumann Marcus , Röhnsch Gundula , Zabaleta‐del‐Olmo Edurne , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira , Giovanella Ligia , Hämel Kerstin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMost health systems are insufficiently prepared to promote the participation of chronically ill patients in their care. Strong primary health care (PHC) strengthens patients' resources and thus promotes their participation. The tasks of providing continuous care to people with chronic diseases and promoting self‐management are the responsibility of PHC nurses. Recent research assessing enablers of or barriers to nurses' efforts to support patients' participation has mostly not considered the special situation of patients with chronic diseases or focused on the PHC setting.ObjectiveTo investigate enablers of and barriers to PHC nurses' efforts to promote the participation of chronically ill patients in their care.MethodsWe interviewed 34 practicing PHC nurses and 23 key informants with advanced knowledge of PHC nursing practice in Brazil, Germany and Spain. The data was analyzed using thematic coding.ResultsWe identified four categories of barriers and enablers. (1) Establishing bonds with patients: Interviewees emphasized that understanding patients' views and behaviours is important for PHC nurses. (2) Cooperation with relatives and families: Good relationships with families are fundamental, however conflicts within families could challenge PHC nurses efforts to strengthen participation. (3) Communication and cooperation within PHC teams: PHC nurses see Cooperative team structures as a potential enabler, while the dominance of a ‘biomedical’ approach to patient care is seen as a barrier. (4) Work environment: Interviewees agreed that increased workload is a barrier to patient participation.Discussion and ConclusionsSupporting patient participation should be acknowledged as an important responsibility for nurses by general practitioners and PHC planners. PHC nurses should be trained in communicative competence when discussing participation with chronically ill patients. Interprofessional education could strengthen other professionals' understanding of patient participation as a nursing task.Patient or Public ContributionThis study is part of a research project associated with the research network ‘forges: User‐oriented care: Promotion of health in the context of chronic diseases and care dependency’. The study's focus and provisional results were discussed continuously with partners in health and social care practice and presented to and discussed with the public at two conferences in which patient representatives, professionals and researchers participated.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of hydrangea‐like (NH4)2V4O9/V5O12·6H2O cathode for zinc‐ion battery
Authors: Song Jiajia , Kou Lingjiang , Wang Yong , Ai Taotao , Li Wenhu , Kajiyoshi Koji , Wattanapaphawong Panya , Li Yi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnergy density, power density, as well as the cost of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs), are largely determined by the cathode material. Among the various cathodic candidates, vanadium‐based materials with various oxidation states of vanadium cations and open frameworks have emerged as highly promising options. In this work, a heterogeneous with hydrangea‐like (NH4)2V4O9/V5O12·6H2O as cathode materials for AZIBs. The hydrogen bonds formed by NH4+ of (NH4)2V4O9, in conjunction with the lattice water in V5O12·6H2O, sufficiently strengthen the cohesion of the layered structure and expand the interlayer space. As a result, accelerating the diffusion of Zn2+ ultimately leads to an enhanced overall discharge capacity. Remarkably, the hydrangea‐like (NH4)2V4O9/V5O12·6H2O electrode at a current density of 100 mA g−1 shows a high reversible capacity of 209 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles and higher rate capability (172 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1). The outstanding electrochemical performance can be attributed to the unique structure of the cathode material and accelerated diffusion coefficient of Zn2+.
Phase stability and cation partitioning in compositionally complex rare earth aluminates and aluminate‐zirconate mixtures
Authors: Yu Yueh‐Cheng , Nachlas William O. , Poerschke David L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMulticomponent oxides have received significant recent attention due to their potential for improved property tunability. In simple structures, compositionally complex oxides can be stabilized by increased configurational entropy and are sometimes called “high entropy” ceramics. In phases with multiple cation sublattices or complex stoichiometries, it is more difficult to achieve high configurational entropy. However, there is limited knowledge about the factors influencing stability and solubility limits in many systems. This study investigated the limits on the stability of rare earth (RE) aluminates containing mixtures of RE cations including Gd, La, Nd, Yb, and Y in cases where (i) a fixed RE:Al ratio attempts to constrain the material into a single‐phase aluminate or (ii) a two‐phase aluminate, and in equilibrium with RE zirconates that readily dissolve multiple RE3+. The results show that it is difficult to form single‐phase, equimolar mixed‐RE aluminates encompassing a range of RE3+ sizes. Instead, the RE3+ selectively partition into specific phases based on RE‐size trends in the constituent binary systems. The results are discussed in terms of the phase stability and cation partition trends and potential applications.
Investigation of diffusivity in nanometer‐thick yttria‐stabilized zirconia by chronoamperometry and its formalism
Authors: Vazquez‐Arce Jorge Luis , Lam Le Thu , López‐Mercado César , Soto Gerardo , Tiznado Hugo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work aims to demonstrate that chronoamperometry is a valuable tool for determining diffusivities in all‐solid‐state nanometer‐thick cells. The transient current in chronoamperometry of electrochemical cells under constant voltage is described by firstly considering purely capacitive processes, defined by RC circuit equations, and then purely diffusive processes, by Cottrell's equations. The physical meaning of the equations has been amply described in liquid cells with porous electrodes but scarcely in solid‐state cells. Thus, we studied Metal/Insulator/Metal nano‐cells with Ru and Au electrodes, Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte at temperatures between 50 and 170°C and voltages between 0.5 V and 1.5 V, where non‐Faradaic processes occur. The calculated diffusive and capacitive contributions at different temperatures obey the Arrhenius law. The activation energy was associated with vacancies, the major carrier during electrical transport. The analysis discusses other parameters, such as capacitance, effective concentration, and leakage current. The experimental diffusivity of YSZ electrolytes was compared with diffusivity values obtained by the statistical moment method.
Comprehensively analysis of splicing factors to construct prognosis prediction classifier in prostate cancer
Authors: Zhang He , Tian Jianfei , Ren Sixin , Han Baoai , Tian Ruinan , Zuo Xiaoyan , Liu Hui , Wang Zhiyong , Cui Yanfen , Liu Liming , Guo Hui , Zhang Fei , Niu Ruifang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSplicing factors (SFs) are proteins that control the alternative splicing (AS) of RNAs, which have been recognized as new cancer hallmarks. Their dysregulation has been found to be involved in many biological processes of cancer, such as carcinogenesis, proliferation, metastasis and senescence. Dysregulation of SFs has been demonstrated to contribute to the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). However, a comprehensive analysis of the prognosis value of SFs in PCa is limited. In this work, we systematically analysed 393 SFs to deeply characterize the expression patterns, clinical relevance and biological functions of SFs in PCa. We identified 53 survival‐related SFs that can stratify PCa into two de nove molecular subtypes with distinct mRNA expression and AS‐event expression patterns and displayed significant differences in pathway activity and clinical outcomes. An SF‐based classifier was established using LASSO‐COX regression with six key SFs (BCAS1, LSM3, DHX16, NOVA2, RBM47 and SNRPN), which showed promising prognosis‐prediction performance with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) >0.700 in both the training and testing datasets, as well as in three external PCa cohorts (DKFZ, GSE70769 and GSE21035). CRISPR/CAS9 screening data and cell‐level functional analysis suggested that LSM3 and DHX16 are essential factors for the proliferation and cell cycle progression in PCa cells. This study proposes that SFs and AS events are potential multidimensional biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of PCa.
Medically assisted reproduction and mental health in adolescence: evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Palma Maria , Fitzsimons Emla , Patalay Praveetha , Goisis Alice 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe number and proportion of children conceived through medically assisted reproduction (MAR) is steadily increasing yet the evidence on their mental health in adolescence is inconclusive. Two main mechanisms with opposite effects can explain differences in mental health outcomes by conception mode: while more advantaged parental characteristics could positively influence it, higher parental stress could have a negative influence.MethodsLinear and logistic estimations on a longitudinal population‐based birth cohort study of 9,897 individuals to investigate whether adolescents conceived through MAR are more likely than naturally conceived (NC) children to experience mental health problems at age 17, as reported by adolescents themselves and their parents. We test whether this association is confounded and/or mediated by parental background characteristics collected when the cohort member was around 9 months old (maternal age, maternal education level, ethnicity, income quintile), family structure variables measured in adolescence (number of siblings in the household at age 15, parental household structure at age 14) or maternal distress at age 14.ResultsChildren conceived naturally and through MAR self‐reported similar mental health outcomes. The only differences between MAR and NC adolescents are in the parental reports, with parents who conceived through MAR reporting their children had 3.82 (95% CI: 1.140 to 11.54) and 2.35 (95% CI: 1.145 to 4.838) higher odds of falling within the high category of SDQ total difficulties and emotional symptoms scales, respectively. The results did not change on adjustment for mediators, such as maternal distress, number of siblings in the household and parental household structure.ConclusionsThe results reveal a lack of or small differences in MAR adolescents' mental health outcomes compared to children who were conceived naturally. While the results based on the parental reports could suggest that MAR adolescents are at higher risk of suffering from mental health problems, the differences are small and not supported by adolescents' own reports. The difference between MAR and NC adolescent's parental report might reflect differences in parental concern, their relationship or closeness and can help to reconcile the mixed findings of previous studies.
Irradiance from 12LEDlight curing units measured using 5 brands of dental radiometers
Authors: Maucoski Cristiane , Price Richard Bengt , Arrais Cesar Augusto Galvão 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of five brands of radiometers in reporting the irradiance (mW/cm2) from twelve brands of LCUs compared to a ‘Gold Standard’ (GS) reference obtained from a hand‐held laboratory‐grade radiometer.Materials and MethodsThe irradiance was measured from two examples of twelve brands of previously used LCUs on two examples of five brands of dental radiometers. The emission spectrum was also obtained. Irradiance data from each brand of LCU against each meter was analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test for normality. The irradiance values were subjected to a two‐way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni tests for each LCU brand. Finally, a descriptive analysis was made using a 95% confidence interval around the mean irradiance.ResultsThe power output from the LCUs ranged from 271 mW to 1005 mW. Among the tested radiometers, only the Bluephase Meter II could accurately report the irradiance from 11 out of the 12 brands of LCU evaluated in this study. When measured using the “GS” system, the mean irradiance values from the two examples of nine brands of previously used LCU were not always within ±10% of the irradiance values stated by the manufacturer.ConclusionsThe mean irradiance values from 9 of the 12 brands of used LCUs were beyond ±10% of the irradiance values stated by the manufacturer. Only the Bluephase Meter II could accurately report the irradiance from 11 out of the 12 brands of LCU evaluated in this study.Clinical SignificanceThere was a wide range in the power output from the LCUs tested. It was impossible to accurately measure the irradiance from all the LCUs using the dental radiometers examined. However, dental radiometers should still be used in dental offices to monitor the light output from LCUs and verify that they are working correctly before they are used on patients.
Conceptualising sustainability in Canadian dietetic practice: A scoping review
Authors: Everitt Tracy , Carlsson Liesel , Yantha Brittany , Jean‐Neilson Maggie , MacIsaac Sarah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDietitians (RDs) are well‐positioned to promote sustainable food systems and diets. This research aims to review the literature for how RDs in Canada define sustainability and determine the types of relevant activities that exist in practice as described in published literature.MethodsUsing standardised scoping review methods, researchers searched CINAHL, ACASP, PubMed and ENVCOM databases to identify peer‐reviewed articles and conducted a grey literature search to locate other publications related to sustainability in Canadian dietetic practice. Qualitative, thematic coding methods were used to examine definitions and existing practice. The PRISMA extension for scoping reviews guided reporting.ResultsThe search resulted in 1059 documents and, after screening, 11 peer‐reviewed and 16 grey literature documents remained. Ten unique definitions were used, the most common being Sustainable Diets. Definitions were multidimensional, including environmental, social, economic and health dimensions, and 31 unique subtopics. However, existing practice activities appear to reduce actions to one to two dimensions. Existing practice areas well‐reflected include Food and Nutrition Expertise, Management and Leadership, Food Provision and Population Health Promotion. Notable gaps include action in Professionalism and Ethics and Nutrition Care.ConclusionsNo single definition supports all professional contexts, and agency in choice of language to define the work is helpful for contextual clarity. Strengthening practitioners’ ability to analyse issues using systems thinking and applying this in practice will help to address challenges and reduce risks of trade‐offs. Updates to competency standards that reflect the breadth of existing activities, as well as curricular supports or practice standards, are needed.
Development and Cognitive Testing of Occupational Safety and Health Questions for a Youth Survey: Addressing the Research Needs for a Vulnerable Working Population
Authors: Shockey Taylor M. , Silver Sharon R. , Wilmot Amanda 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDWhile more than 2.5 million U.S. high students worked in 2020, data to assess how work affects this group are sparse. To facilitate such research, a set of occupational safety and health questions for inclusion on the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and other youth‐focused surveys was developed.METHODSSurvey questions about occupational experiences of young workers were adapted from other surveys or created de novo. Key audiences were engaged to define priority topic areas and develop draft questions, which were further refined through cognitive interviews with working youth.RESULTSTwenty‐one resulting questions spanned multiple work‐related topics: employment status; health outcomes; psychosocial exposures; and safety climate. Cognitive testing revealed that youth (aged 14‐19) had difficulty with temporal concepts. Some difficulties reflected the propensity of youth to engage in multiple, online, and informal jobs. During 3 rounds of interviews, questions were adjusted to better reflect youth employment circumstances and language. Four states added at least 1 work‐related question to their 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire, and the full set of questions has been disseminated to federal agencies and partners.CONCLUSIONIncluding tailored questions about employment in surveys of youth will facilitate occupational health surveillance for this group. Analysis of resulting data can help to close knowledge gaps, provide current prevalence data, inform policy, and allow development of focused prevention and intervention strategies to reduce adverse outcomes among young workers.