bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivery of siRNA using hyaluronic acid‐guided nanoparticles for downregulation of CXCR4
Authors: Çağdaş Tunalı Beste , Çelik Eda , Budak Yıldıran Fatma Azize , Türk Mustafa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, effective transport of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) via hyaluronic acid (HA) receptor was carried out with biodegradable HA and low‐molecular weight polyethyleneimine (PEI)‐based transport systems. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) capable of giving photothermal response, and their conjugates with PEI and HA, were also added to the structure. Thus, a combination of gene silencing, photothermal therapy and chemotherapy, has been accomplished. The synthesized transport systems ranged in size, between 25 and 690 nm. When the particles were applied at a concentration of 100 μg mL−1 (except AuPEI NPs) in vitro, cell viability was above 50%. Applying radiation after the conjugate/siRNA complex (especially those containing AuNP) treatment, increased the cytotoxic effect (decrease in cell viability of 37%, 54%, 13%, and 15% for AuNP, AuPEI NP, AuPEI‐HA, and AuPEI‐HA‐DOX, respectively) on the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line. CXCR4 gene silencing via the synthesized complexes, especially AuPEI‐HA‐DOX/siRNA was more efficient in MDA‐MB‐231 cells (25‐fold decrease in gene expression) than in CAPAN‐1 cells. All these results demonstrated that the synthesized PEI‐HA and AuPEI‐HA‐DOX conjugates can be used as siRNA carriers that are particularly effective, especially in the treatment of breast cancer.
Nucleic acid delivery by ionizable nanocarriers for brain disease treatment
Authors: Xiong Ruru , Ling Guixia , Zhang Yuqi , Guan Jibin , Zhang Peng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe successful application of messenger RNA vaccines in the market has demonstrated the potential of gene therapy in treating various diseases, including infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, brain diseases, and other cancers. However, gene therapy faces great challenges in treating brain diseases such as brain tumors, infections, and strokes because the limitations of the blood‐brain barrier make it difficult for nucleic acid drugs to be delivered safely and effectively into the brain. Therefore, there is a high demand for carriers delivering nucleic acid drugs to the brain. Ionizable nanocarriers (INs) have great advantages in gene therapy due to their pH‐responsive properties, which facilitate the safe and efficient delivery of targets, responsive release in the disease microenvironment, and the protection of nucleic acids from degradation. To better understand INs and their potential as therapeutic vectors for brain diseases, the present review describes their biological properties, recent progress in the field, and promising applications. In particular, the related prospects and challenges are discussed to promote the further development of INs.
Characteristics and prognosis of rrDLBCL with TP53 mutations and a high‐risk subgroup represented by the co‐mutations of DDX3X‐TP53
Authors: Gao Fan , Hu Kai , Zheng Peihao , Shi Hui , Ke Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTP53 mutations have a prognostic significance in relapsed and refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (rrDLBCL) patients, and their treatment still faces a great challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of patients with TP53 mutations (TP53mut) in the context of CAR‐T therapy (Chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy) as well as explore the heterogeneity in their cohort and identify the possible risk factors.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted to investigate the clinical characteristics of rrDLBCL patients with TP53 mutations and their prognostic factors, receiving CAR‐T therapy. And the expression level of TP53 and DDX3X, which was an important co‐mutation of TP53 revealed in the cohort, were explored in public databases and cell lines.ResultsThe median overall survival time of 40 patients with TP53 mutations was 24.5 months, while their median progression‐free survival time after CAR‐T was 6.8 months. There were no significant differences in the ORR (objective remission rate, X2 = 3.0498, p > 0.05) and PFS (after CAR‐T therapy) between the patients with wild‐type and mutated TP53 genes after CAR‐T therapy, while the OS of patients with TP53 mutations was significantly worse (p < 0.01). In patients with TP53 mutations, the performance status (ECOG score) was identified as the most important prognostic factor, while the efficacies of induction and salvage treatments were also correlated with the prognosis. Among molecular indicators, the co‐mutations of Chr‐17 and those located on the exon 5 of the TP53 gene showed a tendency for a worse prognosis. Moreover, the patients with TP53‐DDX3X co‐mutations were identified as a subgroup with an extremely bad prognosis. The expression levels of DDX3X and TP53 were explored in a public database and the cell lines with their co‐mutations, which indicated that inhibiting the DDX3X gene could affect the proliferation of rrDLBCL cells and the expression of TP53.ConclusionsThis study indicated rrDLBCL patients with TP53 mutations was still the group of poor prognosis in the CAR‐T therapy era. CAR‐T therapy can benefit some TP53mut patients, and the performance status (ECOG) might help predict their prognosis. The study also revealed a subgroup of TP53‐DDX3X co‐mutations in rrDLBCL, which showed a strong clinical significance.
Development and external validation of nomograms for predicting individual survival in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xiaoshi , Lu Huaiwu , Zhou Ying , Long Xiaoran , Li Qing , Zhuang Guanglei , Yin Xia , Di Wen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeOvarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a distinct and highly malignant subtype of ovarian cancer with high individual heterogeneity in survival that requires specific prognostic predictive tools. Thus, this study aimed to construct and validate nomograms for predicting individual survival in OCCC patients.MethodsIn total, 91 patients with OCCC who were diagnosed and treated at Renji Hospital between 2010 and 2020 were extracted as the training cohort, then 86 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC were used as the external validation cohort. Prognostic factors that affect survival were identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Nomograms of progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were then established with the Cox regression model and the performance was subsequently evaluated using the concordance index (C‐index), calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA), and risk subgroup classification.ResultsAdvanced tumor, ascites of >400 mL, lymph node‐positive, CA199 of >142.3 IU/mL, and fibrinogen of >5.36 g/L were identified as risk factors for OS while advanced tumor, ascites of >400 mL, lymph node‐positive, and fibrinogen of >5.36 g/L were risk factors for PFS. The C‐indexes for the OS and PFS nomograms were 0.899 and 0.731 in the training cohort and 0.804 and 0.787 in the validation cohort, respectively. The calibration plots showed that nomograms could provide better consistency in predicting patient survival than the FIGO staging system. DCA also demonstrated that nomograms were more clinically beneficial than the FIGO staging system. Additionally, patients could be classified into two risk groups based on scores using nomograms, with significant survival differences.ConclusionsWe developed nomograms that could more objectively and reliably predict the individual survival of patients with OCCC compared with the FIGO staging system. These tools might assist in clinical decision‐making and management of patients with OCCC to improve their survival outcomes.
Quality attributes of sugar snap cookies containing mixtures of wheat flour and roasted or unroasted Brosimum alicastrum seed powder
Authors: Carter Chad T. , Northcutt Julie K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIncorporating non‐wheat flour into baked goods allows utilization of locally sourced indigenous food; however, non‐wheat flour may change the final product. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of composite flour containing wheat with partial blends of Brosimum alicastrum seed powder on the quality of sugar snap cookies.FindingsIncreasing the level of B. alicastrum seed powder in cookies from 0% (controls) to 25% or 50% caused cookie pH, width, spread factor, hardness, and toughness to decrease. Moisture (6.44−6.74 g/100 g) was higher for the 50% replacement cookies compared to controls (≤5.94 g/100 g). Dough weight, cookie weight, and brittleness were similar for 25% and 50% replacements. Hardness (force to fracture) was greatest for control cookies (4.84−5.13 kg) compared to other combinations, except for 25% roasted or unroasted Nicaraguan seed powder cookies (4.53−4.54 kg).ConclusionSupplementing wheat flour with B. alicastrum seed powders produced quality cookies that were slightly smaller in width with a softer texture (lower hardness and toughness) than control cookies.Significance and NoveltyB. alicastrum seed powder is a suitable partial replacement for wheat flour in sugar snap cookies. However, at the 50% replacement level, cookies do not exhibit the traditional “snap.”
Criteria adherence and citation impact of urologic Cochrane review co‐publications
Authors: Vasdev Ranveer , Shakur Zahrah , Dahm Philipp 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionCochrane systematic reviews are widely recognized as authoritative sources of evidence. To improve dissemination and impact, editorial groups often encourage co‐publication of their reviews in other journals. Our study aimed to analyze urology‐relevant co‐publications and determine their adherence to Cochrane's four co‐publication criteria and impact using citation analysisMethodsWe systematically identified all Cochrane reviews published by the Urology, Incontinence, Renal, and Transplantation Groups from 1998 to 2021 as well as subsequent co‐publications using MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. We also determined adherence to Cochrane's four co‐publication criteria and analyzed citation rates.ResultsOf the 202 Cochrane reviews included, 52 (25.7%) had an associated co‐publication. The majority of the co‐publications corresponded to the Urology Group (39; 76.9%), followed by the Incontinence (9; 17.3%) and Kidney and Transplant Group (3; 5.8%). Only 21 (40.0%) co‐publications met all four co‐publication criteria, with the most common criteria not satisfied was inclusion of the word “Cochrane” in the co‐publication title (50% adherence). The proportion adhering to a subset of criteria significantly increased for reviews published between 2013 and 2021 compared to those from 1998 to 2012. Compared to corresponding Cochrane reviews, there was no significant difference in the number of citations of co‐publications across all sampled databases, although co‐publication citations were usually less than those of original reviews.ConclusionApproximately one in four urology‐related Cochrane reviews are co‐published. Though co‐publications garnered a considerable number of citations that could help in the dissemination of Cochrane reviews, many are not readily identifiable as such.
Plant growth regulation and the rebound effect when prohexadione calcium is applied to fairway‐height annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass swards
Authors: Husiny Jaber , Ficht Alexandra , Watson John R. , Lyons Eric M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlant growth regulators (PGRs) are commonly used to manage turfgrass growth on golf courses. Growing degree day (GDD) models predict the need for reapplication of PGRs, such as trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) resulting in a potential loss of regulation. Optimal GDD models for application of prohexadione calcium (PC), a late‐stage gibberellin inhibitor, on fairway‐height turfgrasses are currently unknown. The effect of PC and TE on plant growth and stand health were evaluated in two separate seasons on mixed stands of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) and annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) maintained at 9‐mm height at the Guelph Turfgrass Institute. Five treatments (control, PC 2.8 g 100 m−2 [0.09 oz 1000 ft−2], PC 5.6 g 100 m−2 [0.18 oz 1000 ft−2], PC 8.4 g 100 m−2 [0.27 oz 1000 ft−2], and TE 8.0 mL 100 m−2 [0.26 fl oz 1000 ft−2]) were applied based on a label rate GDD schedule. Plant clipping dry weight (DW), visual color ratings and normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) were assessed. Most PC and TE treatments effectively reduced DW and had a positive effect on visual color and NDVI. A relationship was observed between PC application rates, suggesting that higher application rates allow for greater regulation of plant growth. Rebound effects or periods of excess growth, occurred when reapplication intervals exceeded 350 GDD and had an average of thermal time greater than 21.0 GDD over a 10‐day period. Using optimal GDD models for PC will assist in the effective regulation of turfgrass growth and improved stand health.
How to Develop a Grant Writing Course for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Oxford Julia Thom , Smith Diane B. , Yarnell Tracy , Jorcyk Cheryl L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGrant writing is an important skill to develop, allowing students to envision solutions to issues that impact their local, regional, and global communities. Additionally, grant writing, like other research‐associated activities, can improve student success in and out of the classroom. Grant writing can help students understand the alignment between research activities and a “big picture” understanding of the common good and societal impact of the research. Grant writing can improve students’ ability to articulate the significance and broader impacts of research. Faculty mentors can play a major role in grant writing activities by helping to guide undergraduate students through the process. A course‐based approach can help instructors who mentor students in research by providing scaffolding and scheduling tools. This article provides an overview of a grant writing course used as an efficient and effective way for undergraduate students to be guided through the grant proposal writing process with a greater potential for positive outcomes. We discuss why undergraduate students should learn how to write grant proposals, the advantages of teaching grant writing in a course‐based format, time management, learning outcomes, and ways to assess student learning. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Transition Metal‐free Selenium‐mediated Aryl Amines via Reduction of Nitroarenes
Authors: Capperucci Antonella , Clemente Martina , Cenni Alessio , Tanini Damiano 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA scalable and operationally simple on water seleno‐mediated reduction of nitroarenes to the respective aryl amines with NaBH4 is described. The reaction proceeds under transition metal‐free conditions and is promoted by the formation of Na2Se, which is the effective reducing agent involved in the mechanism. This mechanistic information enabled the development of a mild NaBH4‐free protocol for the selective reduction of nitro derivatives bearing labile moieties, including nitrocarbonyl compounds. The selenium‐containing aqueous phase can be successfully reused up to four reduction cycles, thus further improving the efficiency of the protocol disclosed.
LBAA: A novel load balancing mechanism in cloud environments using ant colony optimization and artificial bee colony algorithms
Authors: Mohammadian Vahid , Navimipour Nima Jafari , Hosseinzadeh Mehdi , Darwesh Aso 
Published: March 2023

SummaryRecently, cloud computing has been recognized as an effective paradigm for offering an on‐demand platform, software services, and an efficient infrastructure to cloud clients. Due to the exponential growth of cloud tasks and the rapidly increasing number of cloud users, scheduling and balancing these tasks among involved heterogeneous virtual machines becomes an Non‐deterministic Polynomial hard (NP‐hard) optimization problem considering significant constraints, such as high rate of resource usage, low scheduling time, and low implementation cost. Therefore, various meta‐heuristic algorithms have been widely used to tackle the issue. The current paper proposes a novel load balancing mechanism using the ant colony optimization and artificial bee colony algorithms, called LBAA, which aims to balance the load division among systems in data centers. The simulation outcomes confirm that our algorithm outperforms previous works regarding response time, imbalance degree, makespan, and resource utilization up to 25%, 15%, 12%, and 10%, respectively.
Feast to famine: Sympatric predators respond differently to seasonal prey scarcity on thelow Arctictundra
Authors: Warret Rodrigues Chloé , Roth James D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResource fluctuation is a major driver of animal movement, influencing strategic choices such as residency vs nomadism, or social dynamics. The Arctic tundra is characterized by strong seasonality: Resources are abundant during the short summers but scarce in winters. Therefore, expansion of boreal‐forest species onto the tundra raises questions on how they cope with winter‐resource scarcity. We examined a recent incursion by red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) onto the coastal tundra of northern Manitoba, an area historically occupied by Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) that lacks access to anthropogenic foods, and compared seasonal shifts in space use of the two species. We used 4 years of telemetry data following 8 red foxes and 11 Arctic foxes to test the hypothesis that the movement tactics of both species are primarily driven by temporal variability of resources. We also predicted that the harsh tundra conditions in winter would drive red foxes to disperse more often and maintain larger home ranges year‐round than Arctic foxes, which are adapted to this environment. Dispersal was the most frequent winter movement tactic in both fox species, despite its association with high mortality (winter mortality was 9.4 times higher in dispersers than residents). Red foxes consistently dispersed toward the boreal forest, whereas Arctic foxes primarily used sea ice to disperse. Home range size of red and Arctic foxes did not differ in summer, but resident red foxes substantially increased their home range size in winter, whereas home range size of resident Arctic foxes did not change seasonally. As climate changes, abiotic constraints on some species may relax, but associated declines in prey communities may lead to local extirpation of many predators, notably by favoring dispersal during resource scarcity.
Gender‐specific prevalence and trend of heart failure in China from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Peng Xiaodong , Wang Jue , Li Jiangtao , Li Yukun , Wang Xuesi , Liu Xinmeng , Meng Fanchao , Li Linling , Lin Rong , Liu Nian , Ma Changsheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disability and mortality. However, the comprehensive epidemic status of HF in China is unclear. Notably, the gender‐specific survey for HF prevalence is lacking. The present study aimed to analyse the gender‐specific prevalence and temporal trend of HF in China and explore the attributable aetiology and risk factors.Methods and resultsThe Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 was used to evaluate the age‐standardized prevalence and years lived with disability of HF in China by gender. The temporal trend of HF and attributable risk factors were analysed by Joinpoint regression models from 1990 to 2019. The total age‐standardized prevalence rate of HF steadily decreased over the past two decades from 1079.4 to 1032.8 per 100 000 individuals. Since 2017, the prevalence trend of HF has significantly increased [annual percentage change (APC) of 2.72 for females and 0.61 for males, P < 0.05]. In 2019, the age‐standardized rate of HF prevalence in females surpassed that of males, and hypertensive heart disease was the leading cause of HF for females (42.65% of cases) and males (41.19% of cases). From 2017 to 2019, high systolic pressure contributed to most cases of HF‐related hypertensive heart disease, with an APC of 2.68 for females and 0.48 for males (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough HF prevalence has steadily decreased over the past two decades, an increasing trend has occurred since 2017, especially for females. The leading cause of HF was hypertensive heart disease. Metabolic risks, particularly high systolic pressure, consistently contribute to the prevalence of heart diseases leading to HF. Promoting HF screening and controlling metabolic risks at the population level are imperative. Gender differences in HF prevalence should be considered.
Brain lesion locations associated with secondary seizure generalization in tumors and strokes
Authors: Nordberg Janne , Schaper Frederic L. W. V. J. , Bucci Marco , Nummenmaa Lauri , Joutsa Juho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStructural brain lesions are the most common cause of adult‐onset epilepsy. The lesion location may contribute to the risk for epileptogenesis, but whether specific lesion locations are associated with a risk for secondary seizure generalization from focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures, is unknown. We identified patients with a diagnosis of adult‐onset epilepsy caused by an ischemic stroke or a tumor diagnosed at the Turku University Hospital in 2004–2017. Lesion locations were segmented on patient‐specific MR imaging and transformed to a common brain atlas (MNI space). Both region‐of‐interest analyses (intersection with the cortex, hemisphere, and lobes) and voxel‐wise analyses were conducted to identify the lesion locations associated with focal to bilateral tonic–clonic compared to focal seizures. We included 170 patients with lesion‐induced epilepsy (94 tumors, 76 strokes). Lesions predominantly localized in the cerebral cortex (OR 2.50, 95% C.I. 1.21–5.15,p = .01) and right hemisphere (OR 2.22, 95% C.I. 1.17–4.20,p = .01) were independently associated with focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures. At the lobar‐level, focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures were associated with lesions in the right frontal cortex (OR 4.41, 95% C.I. 1.44–13.5,p = .009). No single voxels were significantly associated with seizure type. These effects were independent of lesion etiology. Our results demonstrate that lesion location is associated with the risk for secondary generalization of epileptic seizures. These findings may contribute to identifying patients at risk for focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures.
Cognitive activity at work and the risk of dementia
Authors: Martin‐Bassols Nicolau , de New Sonja C. , Johnston David W. , Shields Michael A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDementia prevalence is projected to rise steeply in coming decades, producing tremendous burdens on families, and health and social services. Motivated by the need for further robust evidence on modifiable risk factors, we investigate the relationship between cognitive activity at work and later‐life dementia. Using data from the US Health and Retirement Study matched to the O*NET occupational database, we find that a one standard deviation increase in the cognitive activity associated with one's longest held occupation is associated with a 0.9 percentage point reduction in (predicted) dementia, or a 24% reduction relative to the mean. This relationship is consistently found across model specifications and robustness tests. When controlling for individual fixed‐effects we find that the association between dementia and work cognitive activity increases with age. Overall, our results provide some evidence in support of the inclusion of cognitive activity at work as a recognized modifiable risk factor for dementia.