bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning system for automated detection of posterior ligamentous complex injury in patients with thoracolumbar fracture on MRI
Authors: Jo Sang Won , Khil Eun Kyung , Lee Kyoung Yeon , Choi Il , Yoon Yu Sung , Cha Jang Gyu , Lee Jae Hyeok , Kim Hyunggi , Lee Sun Yeop 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) algorithm for automated detection and localization of posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) injury in patients with acute thoracolumbar (TL) fracture on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and evaluate its diagnostic performance. In this retrospective and multicenter study, using midline sagittal T2-weighted image with fracture (± PLC injury), a training dataset and internal and external validation sets of 300, 100, and 100 patients, were constructed with equal numbers of injured and normal PLCs. The DL algorithm was developed through two steps (Attention U-net and Inception-ResNet-V2). We evaluate the diagnostic performance for PLC injury between the DL algorithm and radiologists with different levels of experience. The area under the curve generated by the DL algorithm were 0.928, 0.916 for internal and external validations, and by two radiologists for observer performance test were 0.930, 0.830 respectively. There was no significant difference in diagnosing PLC injury by the DL algorithm and the radiologists. However, there was significant difference between the DL algorithm and the radiology trainee, showing significant improvement with the DL algorithm assistance. Therefore, DL algorithm detected PLC injury in patients with acute TL fracture with high diagnostic performance.
Construction of a xylose metabolic pathway in Trichosporonoides oedocephalis ATCC 16958 for the production of erythritol and xylitol
Authors: Deng Zhou , Mu Yinghu , Chen Zhi , Ju Xin , Yan Lishi , Li Liangzhi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Erythritol is a valuable compound as sweetener and chemical material however cannot be fermented from the abundant substrate xylose.
Methods
The strain Trichosporonoides oedocephalis ATCC 16958 was employed to produce polyols including xylitol and erythritol by metabolic engineering approaches.
Results
The introduction of a substrate selective ribose-5-phosphate isomerase endowed T. oedocephalis with xylose-assimilation activity to produce xylitol, and eliminated glycerol production simultaneously. A more value-added product, erythritol was produced by further introducing a homologous xylulose kinase. The carbon flux was redirected from xylitol to erythritol by adding high osmotic pressure. The production of erythritol was improved to 46.5 g/L in flasks by fermentation optimization, and the process was scaled up in a 5-L fermentor, with 40 g/L erythritol production after 120 h, and a time-space yield of 0.56 g/L/h.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated the potential of T. oedocephalis in the synthesis of multiple useful products from xylose.
Study on the use of 3D printed guides in the individualized reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Dening , Zhang Kefan , Du Changling , Shi Hui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective

Evaluation of the accuracy and effectiveness of 3D printed guides to assist femoral tunnel preparation in individualised reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament.

Design

Randomised controlled studies.

Patients/participants

Sixty patients who attended the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College for autologous hamstring single bundle reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament from October 2018 to October 2020 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, including 31 cases in the 3D printing group (14 males and 17 females, mean age 41.94 ± 10.15 years) and 29 cases in the control group (13 males and 16 females, mean age 37.76 ± 10.34 years).

Main outcome measures

Patients in both groups were assessed for intraoperative femoral tunnel accuracy, the number of intraoperative positioning and the time taken to prepare the femoral tunnel, the length of the anteromedial approach incision, the pre-planned bone tunnel length and intraoperative bone tunnel length in the 3D printed group, IKDC score and Lysholm score preoperatively and at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, the Lachman、pivot-shift test preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively, gait analysis to assess internal and external rotation in flexion of the knee at 12 months postoperatively and postoperative complications in both groups.

Results

There was no statistical difference in functional knee scores and anteromedial approach incision length between the 3D printed and control groups (p > 0.05), while there was a statistical difference in the accuracy of tunnel positioning, the time taken to prepare the femoral bone tunnel and the degree of external rotation of the knee in flexion between the two groups (p < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the preoperative planning of the bone tunnel length and the intraoperative bone tunnel length (p > 0.05). Complications: One case in the 3D printing group developed intermuscular vein thrombosis in the affected lower limb after surgery, which disappeared after treatment, while three cases in the control group developed intermuscular vein thrombosis in the affected lower limb. No complications such as bone tunnel rupture, deep vein thrombosis in the lower limb and infection occurred in either group.

Conclusions

3D printed guides assisted with individualized ACL reconstruction can improve the accuracy of femoral tunnel positioning, which is safe and effective, while reducing the operative time and the number of intraoperative positioning, without increasing the length of incision, and can obtain higher functional scores and rotational stability of the knee joint, which is in line with the concept of individualized ACL reconstruction.

Level of Evidence

Therapeutic Level Ⅰ.
Photocatalytic dilapidation of organic pollutant SRB in water by mesoporous In 2 S 3
Authors: Chandran Nisha , Abraham Rani , Jayakrishnan R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sulforhodamine B (C27H30N2O7S2) (SRB) is an amino-xanthene class, fluorescent dye, commonly used for in-vitro cytotoxicity monitoring and for the detection of drug-target interaction especially in the case of anti-cancer drugs. It does not degrade under normal conditions and remains in water as such. In accordance with the principles of green chemistry we have synthesized nano-structured Indium sulphide which demonstrates efficacy in photocatalytic degradation of this organic pollutant. The reusability of the photo catalyst was tested and it was found to degrade exponentially with recycling. The optimum SRB dye load on the photo catalyst was identified to be 0.28 M/gm for which a decay rate constant of ~ 4.58 x 10− 3 min− 1 was obtained. Beyond a critical SRB dye load, the photo catalysis involved direct rupture of the chromophore without an initial N-demethylation step.
Protocol for The Promoting Resilience in Stress Management (PRISM) Intervention: a multi-site randomized controlled trial for adolescents and young adults with advanced cancer
Authors: O'Daffer Alison , Comiskey Liam , Scott Samantha R. , Zhou Chuan , Bradford Miranda C. , Yi-Frazier Joyce P. , Rosenberg Abby R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer are at high risk of poor psychosocial outcomes, and evidence-based interventions designed to meet their psychosocial and communication needs are lacking. The main objective of this project is to test the efficacy of a new adaptation of the Promoting Resilience in Stress Management intervention for AYAs with Advanced Cancer (PRISM-AC).
Methods/design:
The PRISM-AC trial is a 2-arm, parallel, non-blinded, multisite, randomized controlled trial. 144 participants with advanced cancer will be enrolled and randomized to either usual, non-directive, supportive care without PRISM-AC (“control” arm) or with PRISM-AC (“experimental” arm). PRISM is a manualized, skills-based training program comprised of four 30–60 minute, one-on-one sessions targeting AYA-endorsed resilience resources (stress-management, goal-setting, cognitive-reframing, and meaning-making). It also includes a facilitated family meeting and a fully equipped smartphone app. The current adaptation includes an embedded advance care planning module. English- or Spanish-speaking individuals 12–24 years old with advanced cancer (defined as progressive, recurrent, or refractory disease, or any diagnosis associated with < 50% survival) receiving care at 4 academic medical centers are eligible. Patients’ caregivers are also eligible to participate in this study if they are able to speak and read English or Spanish, and are cognitively and physically able to participate. Participants in all groups complete surveys querying patient-reported outcomes at the time of enrollment and 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-enrollment. The primary outcome of interest is patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and secondary outcomes of interest include patient anxiety, depression, resilience, hope and symptom burden, parent/caregiver anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life, and family palliative care activation. We will conduct intention-to-treat analysis to compare the group means of primary and secondary outcomes between PRISM-AC arm and control arm with regression models.
Discussion
This study will provide methodologically rigorous data and evidence regarding a novel intervention to promote resilience and reduce distress among AYAs with advanced cancer. This research has the potential to offer a practical, skills-based curriculum designed to improve outcomes for this high-risk group.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03668223, September 12, 2018.
Machine Learning for Pneumothorax in Trauma victims: cross-sectional validation study (PneumoDetect)
Authors: Abbasi Ayesha , Kadir Masood , Khan Nadeemullah , Zhang Yiye , Afzal Shaista , Azam Iqbal , Razzak Junaid 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Pneumothorax is a potentially fatal condition that requires early diagnosis and prompt management upon arrival at the Emergency Department(ED). The purpose of this study is to validate a Pneumothorax Machine learning (PneumoDetect) model designed on both an online and in-hospital dataset, and to compare its accuracy to that of radiologist and emergency physician
Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online available open access tool. We obtained a hospital dataset from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, and extracted 4,788 DICOM X-ray images. A machine learning team manually labelled the images from hospital records. We performed internal validation using a supervised learning machine learning model with a Convolutional Neural Network architecture implemented in Python and Medcalc. We calculated Kappa statistics were calculated using STATA v14.2 to assess the model’s performance. Additionally, we generated AUROC curves using sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy metrics.
Results: The initial training of the PneumoDetect model showed a validation accuracy of 96.4%, followed by pre-trained model with 98% accuracy & a fine-tuned model having 97.9% accuracy. The sensitivity was found to be 93.99%, specificity was 91.34, PPV was 92.88, NPV was 92.67, and the overall accuracy was 92.79%. PneumoDetect was highly accurate while there was only moderate agreement between the radiologist and emergency physician in presence of Pneumothorax.
Conclusion: Our diagnostic investigation discovered that developing neural networks and advanced ML models may be used to diagnose pneumothorax using machine learning models. Integrating such AI systems into physician workflows for preliminary interpretations has the potential to provide physicians with early diagnostics and profound alerts that can help to better diagnose occult pneumothorax and reduce human errors, particularly in resource-constrained settings. This can improve overall accuracy and lower healthcare cost.
Funding Source: Fogarty International Centre of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number D43TW007292
Postoperative remission of diabetes mellitus after gastrectomy in patients with diabetes mellitus and gastric cancer
Authors: Mizukami Akihito , Kawaguchi Yoshihiko , Shoda Kastutoshi , Akaike Hidenori , Saito Ryo , Maruyama Suguru , Shiraishi Kensuke , Furuya Shinji , Amemiya Hidetake , Kawaida Hiromichi , Sudo Makoto , Kono Hiroshi , Ichikawa Daisuke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background/aim: We investigated the postoperative treatment status for diabetes mellitus and perioperative HbA1c levels in patients with diabetes mellitus and examined the effects of clinical factors on the remission of diabetes mellitus.
Patients and methods: In this study, 126 patients with gastric cancer were considered to have diabetes mellitus preoperatively, of whom 79 were treated with oral antidiabetic drugs and/or insulin treatment. We compared diabetic treatment status and HbA1c values between the preoperative and postoperative periods in patients who underwent gastrectomy and examined the effects of clinical factors on improving diabetes mellitus.
Results: Of the 79 patients treated preoperatively for diabetes mellitus, 34(43%) discontinued all medications for diabetes mellitus and 37 (47%) reduced the therapeutic dose or switched from insulin to oral antidiabetic drugs. Total gastrectomy was an independent factor for the remission of antidiabetic treatments after gastrectomy. Concerning the HbA1c level, only the absence of preoperative insulin use was an independent factor for the improvement. However, reconstruction was not a significant correlated factor for the improvement of postoperative HbA1c levels and the remission of antidiabetic medications after distal gastrectomy.
Conclusions: Almost all patients discontinued or reduced the dose of antidiabetic medications after gastrectomy in clinical practice, and special attention should be paid in the management methods for diabetes mellitus in patients who underwent total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
The Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS): psychometric properties and results of the Dutch version in a community sample and a sample of women with eating disorders
Authors: Rekkers Marlies E. , Nieuwenhuijse Aurélie M. , Scheffers Mia , Busschbach Jooske T. van , Elburg Annemarie A. van 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Body satisfaction in people with eating disorders (EDs) is negatively affected by their critical evaluation of aesthetic aspects. A focus on body functionality could create a more positive perspective. This study examines psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS) and differences in scores between women with and without EDs. Method Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to investigate the factor structure in data from a community sample of 669 women and an ED sample of 150 women. Reliability, test-retest scores and correlations with Body Cathexis Scale (BCS) and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) were investigated. T-tests were used to evaluate differences between samples. Results EFA identified a one-dimensional factor structure, which was confirmed by CFA. Reliability was adequate and convergent and discriminant validity were supported through correlations with BCS and EDE-Q (subscale) scores. FAS-scores were significantly lower for women with EDs compared to women from a community sample. Conclusions Psychometric results of the Dutch version of the FAS are promising and validate its use for clinical and research purposes. The significant difference between FAS scores in the female ED sample and the female community sample indicates that female ED patients obviously have a lower body satisfaction concerning body functionality compared with healthy women. Further research with male ED participants as well as exploration of sensitivity to change are recommended.
Study on the index system of water-based drilling fluid recycling for shale gas
Authors: Chang Shu , Xiaobin Chen , Jian He , Wenqiang Zeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The development of shale gas, an unconventional energy source, will help improve China's energy structure. The National Energy Administration of China has included it in the national strategic emerging industry, which is also one of the five high-end novel growth industry plans in Sichuan Province. Drilling engineering is the key technology of shale gas exploration, while drilling waste fluid is one of the most representative wastes in the drilling process. The drilling waste fluid has the characteristics of a large amount of production, a complex composition, and a high treatment cost. The treatment of drilling waste fluid is critical for the long-term development of the surrounding environment of drilling operations sites. The effect of anions and cations on the performance of drilling fluid is studied by taking the apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, dynamic shear force, and medium pressure filtration loss of the drilling fluid as the main indicators. Combined with the numerical simulation of the Box-Behnken module in the software of Design Expert, the requirements for the preparation of drilling fluid by recycling water-based drilling fluid are determined as follows: (1) polymer drilling fluid:hardness ≤ 1.00 g/L，Al3+ ≤ 4.80 g/L，Fe3+ ≤ 0.20 g/L，pH=7~10; (2) polysulfo nate dril-ling fluid: hardness ≤ 3.35 g/L，Al3+ ≤ 10.00 g/L，Fe3+ ≤ 2.80 g/L，SO4 2- ≤ 20.00 g/L pH=7~10; (3) Potassium polysulfonate drilling fluid: hardness ≤ 96.00 g/L，Al3+ ≤ 1.85 g/L，Fe3+ ≤1.65 g/L，SO4 2- ≤50.00 g/L, pH=7~10.
In Vitro Characterization of the Bacteria-derived Hypoxia- Selective Cytotoxin Be-43547
Authors: Busk Morten , Eggertsen Peter P , Overgaard Jens , Horsman Michael R , Tørring Thomas , Jacobsen Kristian M , Poulsen Thomas B 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hypoxia-activated pro-drugs like TH-302 have failed clinically, possible due to variable activity of drug-activating reductases. Here we compared TH-302 and the natural product BE-43547, that targets hypoxic cells independently of reductases. Tumor cells in monolayers were treated with BE-43547 for 4 or 24h while exposed to different oxygenation regimes, and hypoxia-cytotoxicity-ratios (HCR) were quantified from dose-response curves. For comparison, selected experiments were repeated for TH-302. Finally, both drugs were tested in spheroids exposed to 20%/0% O2 for 24h. BE-43547 displayed strongly enhanced, cell line-independent, cytotoxicity under anoxia with HCR’s of ~ 100 following 24h treatment. HCR dropped to ~ 20 at 0.5% O2. HCR remained above 40 even when treatment time was reduced to 4h. Hypoxia selectivity was excellent regardless of whether drug was added prior to or during the hypoxic challenge. In comparison, HCR’s for TH-302 were lower with considerable variability across cell lines. BE-43547 and TH-302 were both unable to fully sterilize anoxic incubated spheroids. BE-43547 is highly hypoxia-selective, and, unlike TH-302, displayed minimal variability between cell lines, suggesting that BE-43547 targets a fundamental feature/target that is only present, or of survival importance, during hypoxia. Spheroid experiments suggests inadequate tissue penetrability, which may be overcome by designing novel drug analogues.
Associations between Highly Visual Social Media Use and Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating– A Changing Landscape
Authors: Sharma Ashley , Vidal Carol 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground: Although the etiology of eating disorders (ED) and disorder eating (DE) is multifactorial, exposure to highly visual social media (HVSM) may be an important contributor to the onset or worsening of DE and ED symptoms. We aim to understand HVSM use, ED, and DE with a particular focus on gender differences, as well as details of engagement on “selfies” in adolescents and young adults (AYA).Methods:We conducted aliterature search in Psycho ED, PubMed, MEDLINE of articles, including participants with DE/ED and users of HVSM, focused on AYA. Studies in which the study population was not well-defined and the methodology to assess ED/HVSM use was not robust were excluded.Results:We found a strong association between HVSM and ED and DE with existing gender differences. The literature also shows specific mechanisms of use of these platforms involving “selfie” preparation and posting. The literature is limited in that the research is mostly cross-sectional with no uniform methodology and not well-defined participant populations.Conclusions:The use of unregulated and profit-driven SM platforms can increase risk for ED. To use these HVSM platforms for positive influence, there is a need to have more transparency, and involvement of clinicians, researchers, and educators.Public Significance: Due to HVSM’s popularity among the adolescent and young adult population, it is important to identify its effects on the prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders, as well as recognize any gender differences in this relationship. Clinicians, parents and other adults working with youth should be aware of HVSM’s impact of DE/ED, as described by this review.
Projection Exploration for Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Tang Hainan , Liu Juntao , Wang Zhenjie , Gao Ziwen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), complete exploration is difficult to achieve because of the curse of dimensionality and sparse rewards. Existing methods improve the exploration to some extent, such as noise-based exploration methods and count-based exploration methods. But they don’t evaluate the state exploration value, suffering low data efficiency. In this paper, a projection exploration algorithm (PERL) is designed for MARL. In this method, states with high exploration value are identified in the projected state-action space with maximum distribution entropy through the count-based method. Then the agents are trained to reach these states in a coordinated manner. Meanwhile, comparison experiments are conducted in multi-agent environments of Multi-Particle environments (Pass, Secret-Room) and StarCraftII (3m,2s3z and 3s_vs_5z). Comparison results suggest that PERL consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines in environments with high-dimensional state-action space and sparse rewards.
Multi-Trip Multi-Compartment Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls
Authors: Ramanand Sukhpal , KUMAR KAUSHAL 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Multi-Trip Multi-Compartment Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls (MTMCVRPB) is a complex optimization problem that involves finding the most efficient routes for a heterogeneous fleet of multi-compartment vehicles to transport heterogeneous commodities simultaneously. The problem involves making deliveries and pickups while taking into account capacity constraints on compartments and other specific requirements such as limitation on route length. The MTMCVRPB aims to minimize the total cost of the routes, including the cost of vehicles, fuel and other expenses, while maximizing efficiency of vehicles and fulfilling the demand of customers. In order to solve the MTMCVRPB, this article recommends a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation. The proposed model takes into consideration the demands of both linehaul and backhaul customers, ensuring that on each route linehaul deliveries are made before visiting any backhaul customer. The model was tested on benchmark instances from literature and randomly generated data sets and numerical experiments were performed to demonstrate its effectiveness. The proposed model can be beneficial for the industries such as grocery and food delivery, fuel distribution and garbage collection as these are main applications of this model. We have also provided a saving based heuristic by making certain modifications to find the quick and efficient solution to the proposed model.