bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene cloning, protein expression, and enzymatic characterization of a double‐stranded RNA degrading enzyme in Apolygus lucorum
Authors: Zhang Jie‐Yu , Zhao Jing , Zhu‐Salzman Keyan , Ji Qin‐Qin , Jiang Yi‐Ping , Xiao Liu‐Bin , Xu De‐Jin , Xu Guang‐Chun , Ge Lin‐Quan , Tan Yong‐An 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool that post‐transcriptionally silences target genes in eukaryotic cells. However, silencing efficacy varies greatly among different insect species. Recently, we met with little success when attempting to knock down genes in the mirid bug Apolygus lucorum via dsRNA injection. The disappearance of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) could be a potential factor that restricts RNAi efficiency. Here, we found that dsRNA can be degraded in midgut fluids, and a dsRNase of A. lucorum (AldsRNase) was identified and characterized. Sequence alignment indicated that its 6 key amino acid residues and the Mg2+‐binding site were similar to those of other insects’ dsRNases. The signal peptide and endonuclease non‐specific domain shared high sequence identity with the brown‐winged green stinkbug Plautia stali dsRNase. AldsRNase showed high salivary gland and midgut expression and was continuously expressed through the whole life cycle, with peaks at the 4th instar ecdysis in the whole body. The purified AldsRNase protein obtained by heterologously expressed can rapidly degrade dsRNA. When comparing the substrate specificity of AldsRNase, 3 specific substrates (dsRNA, small interfering RNA, and dsDNA) were all degraded, and the most efficient degradation is dsRNA. Subsequently, immunofluorescence revealed that AldsRNase was expressed in the cytoplasm of midgut cells. Through cloning and functional study of AldsRNase, the enzyme activity and substrate specificity of the recombinant protein, as well as the subcellular localization of nuclease, the reason for the disappearance of dsRNA was explained, which was useful in improving RNAi efficiency in A. lucorum and related species.
‘Old and unfit for other service?’ Maintaining the Fabric of Parliament c.1660–1760
Authors: Eagles Robin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe old palace of Westminster developed organically over the period it was used by parliament. As well as the Lords and the Commons, it was also home to the law courts and a number of people, officials and otherwise, who lived on site. It was also a commercial hub. On occasion, there were initiatives to redevelop the complex but these were never acted upon. Instead, there was a regular programme of replacement of perishables and occasional small‐scale developments in preference to undertaking more dramatic alterations.This article considers the way in which parliament was maintained from the Restoration in 1660 to the accession of George III, the pressures to adapt on those who lived and worked there, and the conflicting interests involved in overseeing the various buildings. Concentrating on the house of lords and drawing on the papers of the lord chamberlain and lord great chamberlain, two of the central figures in managing the palace, it will highlight the tendency to rely on ad hoc solutions. It will also underscore the importance of the complex bureaucratic relationships within the palace, which may have helped preclude a more unified vision for the site.
Catherine of Braganza during the Popish Plot and Exclusion Crisis: Anti‐Catholicism in the Houses of Commons and Lords, 1678–81*
Authors: Gregory Eilish 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article evaluates how Catherine of Braganza was scrutinised in parliament during the Popish Plot and Exclusion Crisis, 1678–81. During this period, politicians used Catherine as a political pawn to try and pressurise Charles II to secure the line of succession, which included proposals that he should divorce her and remarry, in order to secure the line of succession away from his Catholic convert brother, James, duke of York. The article focuses on how Catherine's 1661 articles of marriage became central in parliamentary debates following the Popish Plot scandal, and the extent to which politicians considered how far they could control Catherine's Catholic household without breaching the articles, or aggravating Portugal. The colonial assets of Tangier and Bombay (acquired by Britain upon Catherine's marriage to Charles), are given serious attention in understanding decisions made by parliament during this period, as removing Catherine as queen threatened to jeopardise Britain's foreign policy relationship with Portugal, as well as its trade networks and aspirations for colonial enterprises. This article, therefore, revisits Catherine of Braganza's reputation and character through the lens of the Popish Plot and Exclusion Crisis, and how Catherine's place in the Popish Plot narrative influenced England's international relationship with Portugal.
Effect of oven roasting on major chemical components in cereals and its modulation on flour‐based products quality
Authors: Li Limin , Wang Qingfa , Liu Chong , Hong Jing , Zheng Xueling 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOven roasting (OR) could induce hierarchical structural changes in starch, which is fundamental for altering the pasting and hydration properties of cereal flour. OR makes proteins denatured and peptide chains unraveled or rearranged. OR could alter compositions of cereal lipids and minerals. Although OR may degrade phenolics, their release from bound forms is predominant when mild/moderate conditions are exerted. Hence, some OR‐modified cereals even exhibit many physiological functions, such as anti‐diabetic and anti‐inflammatory activity. Furthermore, these minor components interplay with starch/protein via physical entrapment, non‐covalent interactions, or cross‐linking. The structural changes and interactions modulate functionalities of OR‐modified cereal flour, its dough/batter property, and related staple food quality. Compared with hydrothermal or high‐pressure thermal treatments, proper OR even induces greater enhancement in technological quality and bioactive compounds release. Given the simple operation and low cost, it is worth utilizing OR for the development of sensory‐appealing healthy staple foods.
Power and public authority
Authors: Ferguson William D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPublic authority addresses how actors, ranging from officials to gang leaders, and cultural innovators, interact via cooperation, competition and conflict to generate shifting degrees of social order within territories. This paper summarises four key components that directly relate to power. First, power underlies public authority. Second, public authority entails and engenders institutional bricolage. Third, public authorities utilise functions, structures, ideas and symbols of statehood. Fourth, public authorities seek legitimacy. A systematic exposition of power informs analysing public authority—notably the degree to which it facilitates inclusive or exclusive participation and distribution of benefits. This paper outlines a conceptual framework, with attention to basic elements of power, using a triadic approach that incorporates seven basic formats (or strategic templates) for exercising such power. This framework can inform subsequent inquiry and policy analysis.
Postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Schoretsanitis Georgios , Gastaldon Chiara , Ochsenbein‐Koelble Nicole , Olbrich Sebastian , Barbui Corrado , Seifritz Erich 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the postpartum depression (PPD) risk in women with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and moderators.MethodsWe identified observational studies of PPD rates in women with versus without PPH in Embase/Medline/PsychInfo/Cinhail in 09/2022. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle‐Ottawa‐Scale. Our primary outcome was the odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence intervals [95%CI]) of PPD in women with versus without PPH. Meta‐regression analyses included the effects of age, body mass index, marital status, education, history of depression/anxiety, preeclampsia, antenatal anemia and C‐section; subgroup analyses were based on PPH and PPD assessment methods, samples with versus without history of depression/anxiety, from low‐/middle‐ versus high‐income countries. We performed sensitivity analyses after excluding poor‐quality studies, cross‐sectional studies and sequentially each study.ResultsOne, five and three studies were rated as good‐, fair‐ and poor‐quality respectively. In nine studies (k = 10 cohorts, n = 934,432), women with PPH were at increased PPD risk compared to women without PPH (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.44, p < 0.001), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 98.9%). Higher PPH‐related PPD ORs were estimated in samples with versus without history of depression/anxiety or antidepressant exposure (OR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.18 to 1.60, k = 6, n = 55,212, versus 1.06, 95%CI = 1.04 to 1.09, k = 3, n = 879,220, p < 0.001) and in cohorts from low‐/middle‐ versus high‐income countries (OR = 1.49, 95%CI = 1.37 to 1.61, k = 4, n = 9197, versus 1.13, 95%CI = 1.04 to 1.23, k = 6, n = 925,235, p < 0.001). After excluding low‐quality studies the PPD OR dropped (1.14, 95%CI = 1.02 to 1.29, k = 6, n = 929,671, p = 0.02).ConclusionsWomen with PPH had increased PPD risk amplified by history of depression/anxiety, whereas more data from low‐/middle‐income countries are required.
Improved stage and survival for patients in the Aotearoa New Zealand colorectal cancer screening program 2012–2019
Authors: Al Hinai Khalid , Fischer Jesse , Al Mamari Abdullah , Hulme‐Moir Mike 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) screening was introduced in Aotearoa New Zealand at Waitematā District Health Board (WDHB) in late 2011. This study reviewed patterns of disease, treatment received, and survival of patients with national bowel screening program (NBSP)‐detected CRC versus non‐NBSP patients at WDHB 2012–2019.MethodsData collected retrospectively for all patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum at WDHB 2012–2019. Patient records were manually reviewed. Chi‐square, Fisher's exact test and the Mann Whitney U‐test used as appropriate. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression modelling for survival analysis.Results1667 patients included (360 NBSP and 1307 non‐NBSP). 863 (51.8%) were male. Median age at diagnosis 73 years (range 21–100); NBSP patients were younger (median 68 vs. 76 years, P < 0.001). NBSP patients had significantly lower T, N, M and overall TNM stage than non‐BSP patients. Median survival estimate on Kaplan–Meier analysis was 94 months for all patients. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) predictors of mortality on multi‐variate regression analysis included increasing overall TNM stage compared with stage I (stage II HR 1.63 (95% CI 1.14–2.34), stage III HR 2.86 (95% CI 2.03–4.03), stage IV HR 7.73 (95% CI 5.59–10.68)), diagnosis within NBSP (HR 0.51 (95% CI 0.37–0.71)), increasing age in years (HR 1.03 (95% CI 1.02–1.03)), urgent/emergency surgery (HR 1.66 (95% CI 1.36–2.01)) and formal resection of primary tumour (HR 0.31 (95% CI 0.25–0.38)).ConclusionPatients diagnosed within the Aotearoa New Zealand NBSP were found to be younger and have earlier stage CRC. Diagnosis within the NBSP is an independent predictor of survival for patients with CRC.
Neonatal outcomes associated with time from a high fetal blood lactate concentration to operative delivery
Authors: Berge Magnus B. , Kessler Jørg , Yli Branka M. , Staff Anne Cathrine , Gunnes Nina , Jacobsen Anne Flem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdjunctive technologies to cardiotocography intend to increase the specificity of the diagnosis of fetal hypoxia. If correctly diagnosed, time to delivery could affect neonatal outcome. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of time from when fetal distress is indicated by a high fetal blood sample (FBS) lactate concentration to operative delivery on the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.Material and methodsWe conducted a prospective observational study. Deliveries with a singleton fetus in cephalic presentation at 36+0weeks of gestation or later were included. Adverse neonatal outcomes, related to decision‐to‐delivery interval (DDI), were investigated in operative deliveries indicated by an FBS lactate concentration of at least 4.8 mmol/L. We applied logistic regression to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of various adverse neonatal outcomes, with associated 95% confidence intervals (CI), for a DDI exceeding 20 minutes, compared with a DDI of 20 minutes or less. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04779294.ResultsThe main analysis included 228 women with an operative delivery indicated by an FBS lactate concentration of 4.8 mmol/L or greater. The risk of all adverse neonatal outcomes was significantly increased for both DDI groups compared with the reference group (deliveries with an FBS lactate below 4.2 mmol/L within 60 minutes before delivery). In operative deliveries indicated by an FBS lactate concentration of 4.8 mmol/L or more, there was a significantly increased risk of a 5‐minute Apgar score less than 7 if the DDI exceeded 20 minutes, compared with a DDI of 20 minutes or less (aOR 8.1, 95% CI 1.1–60.9). We found no statistically significant effect on other short‐term outcomes for deliveries with DDI longer than 20 minutes, compared with those with DDI of 20 minutes or less (pH ≤7.10: aOR 2.0, 95% CI 0.5–8.4; transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit: aOR 1.1, 95% CI 0.4–3.5).ConclusionsAfter a high FBS lactate measurement, the increased risk of adverse neonatal outcome is further augmented if the DDI exceeds 20 minutes. These findings give support to current Norwegian guidelines for intervention in cases of fetal distress.
Anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the Czech Republic—Broader sociodemographic causes, connections and implications
Authors: Krámská Lenka , Slabá Šárka , Hrešková Lucia , Kajdy Anna , Sys Dorota , Poon Liona , Calda Pavel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionOur study (part of multicentric “MindCOVID”) investigates risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the Czech Republic.Material and methodsThe study used a prospective cross‐sectional design. Data was collected using an online self‐administered questionnaire. Standardized scales, general anxiety disorder (GAD)‐7 and patient health questionnaire (PHQ)‐9 were administered online. Multivariate regression analysis was employed to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic, medical and psychological variables.ResultsThe Czech sample included 1830 pregnant women. An increase of depressive and anxiety symptoms measured by PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 in pregnant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic was associated with unfavorable financial situation, low social and family support, psychological and medical problems before and during pregnancy and infertility treatment. Fear of being infected and adverse effect of COVID‐19, feeling of burden related to restrictions during delivery and organization of delivery and feeling of burden related to finances were associated with worse anxiety and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsSocial and emotional support and lack of financial worries are protective factors against mood disorders in pregnant women in relation to COVID‐19 pandemic. In addition, adequate information about organization of delivery and additional support from healthcare professionals during the delivery are needed. Our findings can be used for preventive interventions, given that repeated pandemics in the future are anticipated.
Gains and losses for humans and the environment: Effects of social identity and message prospect framing on pro‐environmental behaviors
Authors: Dedman Riley , Lee Eunro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAddressing the global climate emergency and an urgent need for psychological research, the present study drew on two major psychological perspectives: social identity theory's notion of a socially constructed sense of self, and prospect theory's cognitive heuristics on the asymmetric effects of gain and loss framed messaging. A 2 (Human vs. Environmental Identity) × 2 (Gain vs. Loss framing) factorial experiment (N = 160) sought causal evidence for superordinate identities, gain versus loss framed messaging, and their interactions upon motivations for pro‐environmental behavior. Results suggested interaction effects between social identity and message frames on activism, support for environmental policy, and enactment measures. Challenging prospect theory's original findings, gain framed messages were dominant in enhancing private sustainable behaviors, while loss frames were dominant in enhancing political behaviors. Whereas income was a significant demographic predictor, the overall social psychological findings inform campaign strategies for pro‐environmental behavior.
First report of Pseudococcus viburni (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Colombia: Morphometric and molecular analysis, with notes on morphological variation in specimens from Brazil and Colombia
Authors: Caballero Alejandro , Pacheco da Silva Vitor Cezar , Kaydan Mehmet Bora , Rueda‐Ramirez Diana , Kondo Takumasa , Ramos‐Portilla Andrea Amalia , Duarte Gómez William 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe obscure mealybug Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is recorded for the first time from Colombia based on specimens collected on Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC., Mammillaria sp. (Cactaceae), Escallonia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.), Roem. & Schult. (Escalloniaceae), Ficus carica L. (Moraceae), Coffea arabica L. (Rubiaceae), Citrus sp. (Rutaceae), Cestrum nocturnum L. and Solanum betaceum Cavanilles (Solanaceae). Multiple methods were used to identify P. viburni because it belongs to the “Pseudococcus maritimus” complex, a group composed of more than 60 species with high variation in morphological characteristics. The specimens were identified based on the morphology and morphometric analysis of third‐instar nymphs and adult females. This morphological identification was corroborated by data on geographical distribution, plant hosts and a molecular identification using two different loci, CO1 (mtDNA) and the 28S ribosomal gene (nuclear genome). An updated list of species of Pseudococcus Westwood recorded from Colombia and information on morphological variation found in the studied specimens from Brazil and Colombia are provided.
Molecular docking‐based virtual screening and dynamics simulation study of novel and potential SIRT7 inhibitors
Authors: Guo Xinli , Chen Rui , Cao Liping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn cancer cells, short for sirtuin (SIRT7) stabilizes the transformed state via its nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)‐dependent deacetylase activity. Epigenetic factor SIRT7 plays important roles in cancer biology, reversing cancer phenotypes and suppressing tumor growth when inactive. In the present study, we got the SIRT7 protein structure from Alpha Fold2 Database and performed structure‐based virtual screening to develop specific SIRT7 inhibitors using the SIRT7 inhibitor 97,491 interaction mechanism. As candidates for specific SIRT7 inhibitors, compounds with high affinities to SIRT7 were chosen. ZINC000001910616 and ZINC000014708529, two of our leading compounds, showed strong interactions with SIRT7. Our MD simulation results also revealed that the 5‐hydroxy‐4H‐thioxen‐4‐one group and terminal carboxyl group were critical groups responsible for interaction of small molecules with SIRT7. In our study, we demonstrated that targeting SIRT7 may offer novel therapeutic options for cancer treatment. Compounds ZINC000001910616 and ZINC000014708529 can serve as chemical probes to investigate SIRT7 biological functions and provide starting points for the development of novel therapeutics against cancers.
Associations of formal childcare use with health and human capital development for adolescent mothers and their children in South Africa: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Cluver Lucie , Jochim Janina , Mapukata Yolanda , Wittesaele Camille , Shenderovich Yulia , Mafuya Sandisiwe , Steventon Roberts Kathryn , Banougnin Bolade , Sherr Lorraine , Toska Elona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study aims to investigate associations of formal childcare with maternal and child outcomes in a large sample of adolescent mothers.BackgroundForty percent of adolescent girls in Africa are mothers. Increasing evidence shows positive impacts of formal childcare use for adult women, but no known studies in the Global South examine associations for adolescent mothers and their children.MethodsWe interviewed 1046 adolescent mothers and completed developmental assessments with their children (n = 1139) in South Africa's Eastern Cape between 2017 and 2019. Questionnaires measured childcare use, maternal and child outcomes and socio‐demographic background variables. Using cross‐sectional data, associations between formal childcare use and outcomes were estimated in multivariate multi‐level analyses that accounted for individual‐level and family‐level clustering.ResultsChildcare use was associated with higher odds of being in education or employment (AOR: 4.01, 95% CIs: 2.59–6.21, p < .001), grade promotion (AOR: 2.08, 95% CIs: 1.42–3.05, p < .001) and positive future ideation (AOR: 1.58, 95% CIs: 1.01–2.49, p = .047) but no differences in mental health. Childcare use was also associated with better parenting on all measures: positive parenting (AOR: 1.66, 95% CIs: 1.16–2.38, p = .006), better parental limit‐setting (AOR: 2.00, 95% CIs: 1.37–2.93, p < .001) and better positive discipline (AOR: 1.77, 95% CIs: 1.21–2.59, p = .003). For the children, there were no differences in temperament or illness, but a significant interaction showed stronger associations between childcare use and better cognitive, language and motor scores with increasing child age (AOR: 5.04, 95% CIs: 1.59–15.96, p = .006).ConclusionsAdolescent mothers might benefit substantially from formal childcare, but causal links need to be explored further. Childcare use was also associated with improved parenting and better child development over time, suggesting positive pathways for children. At an average of $9 per month, childcare provisions for adolescent mothers may offer low‐cost opportunities to achieve high returns on health and human capital outcomes in Sub‐Saharan African contexts.
Reconsidering economic interventions to reduce oral health inequalities
Authors: Aida Jun , Ishimaru Miho , Kino Shiho 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the general recognition of economic factors as fundamental upstream social determinants of health inequalities, interventions to improve health and reduce inequalities tend to focus on proximal health determinants. However, recent socioeconomic crises have increased the focus on economic factors. Health‐related approaches to address economic factors can be divided into two categories: (1) indirect approaches, such as financial support for obtaining dental care and fiscal policies targeting unhealthy commodities and (2) direct approaches, such as cash transfers or provision of a universal basic income. For indirect approaches, policies reducing out‐of‐pocket payments for dental care appear to improve access to services and reduce oral health inequalities. Price policies targeting tobacco and sugar through taxation are associated with declines in periodontal disease and caries, and sugar taxation appears to reduce oral health inequalities. As regards direct approaches, studies on cash transfers to low‐income individuals have found no positive impact on dental visits, while results in relation to caries prevention were inconclusive. No dental studies examined the effect of a population approach to income security, such as basic income. Research on economic interventions for oral health inequalities is scarce, and studies using causal inference methods and natural experiments are urgently needed.