bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Assembly of MXene Networks using a Ceramic Backbone with Controlled Porosity
Authors: Arslanoglu Mert , Yuan Bin , Panat Rahul , Ozdoganlar O. Burak 
Published: September 2023

Transition metal carbides (MXenes) are novel 2D nanomaterials with exceptional properties, promising significant impact in applications such as energy storage, catalysis, and energy conversion. A major barrier preventing the widespread use of MXenes is the lack of methods for assembling MXene in 3D space without significant restacking, which degrades their performance. Here, this challenge is successfully overcome by introducing a novel material system: a 3D network of MXene formed on a porous ceramic backbone. The backbone dictates the network's 3D architecture while providing mechanical strength, gas/liquid permeability, and other beneficial properties. Freeze casting is used to fabricate a silica backbone with open pores and controlled porosity. Next, capilary flow is used to infiltrate MXene into the backbone from a dispersion. The system is then dried to conformally coat the pore walls with MXene, creating an interconnected 3D‐MXene network. The fabrication approach is reproducible, and the MXene‐infiltrated porous silica (MX‐PS) system is highly conductive (e.g., 340 S m−1). The electrical conductivity of MX‐PS is controlled by the porosity distribution, MXene concentration, and the number of infiltration cycles. Sandwich‐type supercapacitors with MX‐PS electrodes are shown to produce excellent areal capacitance (7.24 F cm−2) and energy density (0.32 mWh cm−2) with only 6% added MXene mass. This approach of creating 3D architectures of 2D nanomaterials will significantly impact many engineering applications.
Silicon‐Lattice‐Matched Boron‐Doped Gallium Phosphide: A Scalable Acousto‐Optic Platform
Authors: Yama Nicholas S. , Chen I‐Tung , Chakravarthi Srivatsa , Li Bingzhao , Pederson Christian , Matthews Bethany E. , Spurgeon Steven R. , Perea Daniel E. , Wirth Mark G. , Sushko Peter V. , Li Mo , Fu Kai‐Mei C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe compact size, scalability, and strongly confined fields in integrated photonic devices enable new functionalities in photonic networking and information processing, both classical and quantum. Gallium phosphide (GaP) is a promising material for active integrated photonics due to its high refractive index, wide bandgap, strong nonlinear properties, and large acousto‐optic figure of merit. This study demonstrates that silicon‐lattice‐matched boron‐doped GaP (BGaP), grown at the 12‐inch wafer scale, provides similar functionalities as GaP. BGaP optical resonators exhibit intrinsic quality factors exceeding 25,000 and 200,000 at visible and telecom wavelengths, respectively. It further demonstrates the electromechanical generation of low‐loss acoustic waves and an integrated acousto‐optic (AO) modulator. High‐resolution spatial and compositional mapping, combined with ab initio calculations, indicate two candidates for the excess optical loss in the visible band: the silicon‐GaP interface and boron dimers. These results demonstrate the promise of the BGaP material platform for the development of scalable AO technologies at telecom and provide potential pathways toward higher performance at shorter wavelengths.
Characterization, Structure, and Reactivity of Hydroxyl Groups on Metal‐Oxide Cluster Nodes of Metal–Organic Frameworks: Structural Diversity and Keys to Reactivity and Catalysis
Authors: Yang Dong , Gates Bruce C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAmong the most stable metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are those incorporating nodes that are metal oxide clusters with frames such as Zr6O8. This review is a summary of the structure, bonding, and reactivity of MOF node hydroxyl groups, emphasizing those bonded to nodes containing aluminum and zirconium ions. Hydroxyl groups are often present on these nodes, sometimes balancing the charges of the metal ions. They arise during MOF syntheses in aqueous media or in post‐synthesis treatments. They are identified with infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and characterized by their reactivities with polar compounds such as alcohols. Terminal OH, paired µ2‐OH, and aqua groups on nodes are catalytic sites in numerous reactions. Relatively unreactive hydroxyl groups (such as isolated µ2‐OH groups) may replace reactive groups and inhibit catalysis; some node hydroxyl groups (e.g., µ3‐OH) are mere spectators in catalysis. There are similarities between MOF node hydroxyl groups and those on the surfaces of bulk metal oxides, zeolites, and enzymes, but the comparisons are mostly inexact, and much remains to be understood about MOF node hydroxyl group chemistry. It is posited that understanding and controlling this chemistry will lead to tailored MOFs and improved adsorbents and catalysts.
Breaking the Trade‐Off Between Polymer Dielectric Constant and Loss via Aluminum Oxo Macrocycle Dopants for High‐Performance Neuromorphic Electronics
Authors: Chen Xiaowei , Sun Yi‐Fan , Wu Xiaosong , Shi Shuhui , Wang Zhongrui , Zhang Jian , Fang Wei‐Hui , Huang Weiguo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe dielectric layer is crucial in regulating the overall performance of field‐effect transistors (FETs), the key component in central processing units, sensors, and displays. Despite considerable efforts being devoted to developing high‐permittivity (k) dielectrics, limited progress is made due to the inherent trade‐off between dielectric constant and loss. Here, a solution is presented by designing a monodispersed disk‐shaped Ce–Al–O‐macrocycle as a dopant in polymer dielectrics. The molecule features a central Ce(III) core connected with eight Al atoms through sixteen bridging hydroxyls and eight 3‐aminophenyl peripheries. The incorporation of this macrocycle in polymer dielectrics results in an up to sevenfold increase in dielectric constants and up to 89% reduction in dielectric loss at low frequencies. Moreover, the leakage‐current densities decrease, and the breakdown strengths are improved by 63%. Relying on the above merits, FETs bearing cluster‐doped polymer dielectrics give near three‐orders source‐drain current increments while maintaining low‐level leakage/off currents, resulting in much higher charge‐carrier mobilities (up to 2.45 cm2 V−1 s−1) and on/off ratios. This cluster‐doping strategy is generalizable and shows great promise for ultralow‐power photoelectric synapses and neuromorphic retinas. This work successfully breaks the trade‐off between dielectric constant and loss and offers a unique design for polymer composite dielectrics.
Semiconducting Polymer Nanospherical Nucleic Acid Probe for Transcriptomic Imaging of Cancer Chemo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Cheng , Yu Jie , Ning Xiaoyu , Xu Mengke , He Shasha , Wu Jiayan , Pu Kanyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReal‐time in vivo imaging of RNA can enhance the understanding of physio‐pathological processes. However, most nucleic acid‐based sensors have poor resistance to nucleases and limited photophysical properties, making them suboptimal for this purpose. To address this, a semiconducting polymer nanospherical nucleic acid probe (SENSE) for transcriptomic imaging of cancer immunity in living mice is developed. SENSE comprises a semiconducting polymer (SP) backbone covalently linked with recognition DNA strands, which are complemented by dye‐labeled signal DNA strands. Upon detection of targeted T lymphocyte transcript (Gzmb: granzyme B), the signal strands are released, leading to a fluorescence enhancement correlated to transcript levels with superb sensitivity. The always‐on fluorescence of the SP core also serves as an internal reference for tracking SENSE uptake in tumors. Thus, SENSE has the dual‐signal channel that enables ratiometric imaging of Gzmb transcripts in the tumor of living mice for evaluating chemo‐immunotherapy; moreover, it has demonstrated sensitivity and specificity comparable to flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, yet offering a faster and simpler means of T cell detection in resected tumors. Therefore, SENSE represents a promising tool for in vivo RNA imaging.
Sterile versus non‐sterile gloves during cystoscopy: A randomized prospective single‐blind study
Authors: Fukushima Mika , Imamura Masaaki , Ito Masanori , Muraoka Kei , Fukasawa Michiko , Kumagai Masatoshi , Yabusaki Ryo , Ueda Masakatsu , Shiraishi Yusuke , Noguchi Tetsuya , Yoshimura Koji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to evaluate the need for sterile gloves during cystoscopy by comparing the incidence of UTI symptoms between patients in whom the procedure is performed with non‐sterile gloves with those performed with non‐sterile gloves.Patients and MethodsThis study had a randomized, prospective, single‐blind design and included patients aged >20 years who underwent cystoscopy in either of two outpatient clinics between September 2015 and November 2021. The patients were allocated to a sterile group or a non‐sterile group. Only the urologists were aware of whether or not the gloves were sterile. The patients were instructed to report any symptoms suggestive of UTI after cystoscopy.ResultsA total of 1258 patients were enrolled in the sterile group and 1376 in the non‐sterile group. Symptoms of UTI were reported by six patients (0.48%) in the sterile group and six (0.44%) in the non‐sterile group. The between‐group difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.88).ConclusionIt is not necessary to use sterile gloves during routine cystoscopy.
Advanced strategies of scaffolds design for bone regeneration
Authors: Song Jian , Li Longfei , Fang Lei , Zhang Enshuo , Zhang Yu , Zhang Zhuxuan , Vangari Pranav , Huang Yaqin , Tian Feng , Zhao Yu , Chen Wei , Xue Jiajia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBone defects are encountered substantially in clinical practice, and bionic scaffolds represent a promising solution for repairing bone defects. However, it is difficult to fabricate scaffolds with bionic structures and reconstruct the microenvironment to fulfill the satisfying repair effects. In this review article, we first discuss various strategies for the design and construction of bionic scaffolds to promote bone defect repair, especially including the structural construction of the scaffold and the integration of bioactive substances together with the application of external stimuli. We then discuss the roles of artificial intelligence and medical imaging in aiding clinical treatment. Finally, we point out the challenges and future outlooks in developing multifunctional bone repair scaffolds, aiming to provide insights for improving bone regeneration efficacy and accelerating clinical translation.
The experience and emergence of attitudinal consensus in conversations
Authors: Koudenburg Namkje , Kutlaca Maja , Kuppens Toon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReaching consensus is important for human individual, social and societal functioning. The reverse process of polarization has been associated with individual uncertainty, social conflict and societal distrust, tension, or even schisms. In conversations, the experience of consensus is shaped by both content and aspects of the form of conversation, which indicate whether people are on the same wavelength. In two conversation studies (N = 268) we aimed (1) to examine where the conversational experience of consensus originates and (2) to test which conversational behaviours enhance attitude convergence between conversation partners. The results show that, although actual attitudinal differences were only predictive in Study 2, both conversational content (e.g., disagreement) and form (e.g., experience of flow) consistently predicted the experience of consensus. Convergence of attitudes was harder to predict: most conversational factors were unrelated to attitudinal convergence and conversational flow either increased or decreased attitudinal convergence depending on the particular context.
From problem‐centered to centering relationalities: Engagements with disability and sexuality in India
Authors: Vaidya Shruti 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article analyses how the sites of disability activism, special education, and online‐matchmaking approach the sexuality of disabled people in India. It argues that across these distinct yet overlapping sites, the sexuality of disabled people is engaged as a problem in need of a fix, which ultimately leads to the narrowing of disabled people's sexual choices, behaviors, and identities. The article suggests that when these field‐sites move away from a problem‐centered approach which focuses on looking for normative solutions and instead engage in the process of “problematization” by facilitating the sexuality of disabled people, they end up opening non‐normative, uncertain, yet perhaps more fulfilling sexual opportunities for disabled people.
Childhood maltreatment history and trauma‐specific predictors of parenting stress in new fathers
Authors: Granner Josephine R. , Lee Shawna J. , Burns Jade , Herrenkohl Todd I. , Miller Allison L. , Seng Julia S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor new fathers, parenting stress is a risk factor for impaired early parenting and child maltreatment perpetration. Predictors of parenting stress, including fathers’ own experiences of trauma, could be useful intervention targets to support new fathers. We aim to examine associations between new fathers’ own histories of child maltreatment, and their perinatal mental health, relationships, and parenting stress. We recruited 298 first‐time fathers for a survey that measured child maltreatment history, trauma sequelae including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), interpersonal reactivity, substance use, anger expression, coparenting quality, and parenting stress. On the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) (from 36 to 180), bivariate analysis demonstrated that new fathers who experienced child maltreatment (n = 94) had significantly higher parenting stress (x̅ = 85.3, σ = 18.7) than those who did not (n = 204; x̅ = 76.0, σ = 16.6; P < .000). Hierarchical linear regression modeling indicated that a child maltreatment history, PTSD, and MDD were significantly associated with parenting stress. The strongest predictors of parenting stress were coparenting quality and complex trauma sequelae—interpersonal reactivity and anger expression. Interventions to reduce fathers’ parenting stress by targeting known mental health and relationship sequelae of maltreatment are promising avenues to breaking intergenerational transmission of child maltreatment and psychiatric vulnerability.
Bioinformatics and integrated pharmacology network to identify the therapeutic targets and potential molecular mechanism of alpha‐lipoic acid on primary ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Kong Deqi , Cho Heeryun , Hwang Soowon , Choi Eunsaem , Lee Ah‐young , Choi Ehn‐Kyoung , Kim Yun‐Bae , Kim Hai‐Joong , Hong Sooncheol 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWomen experiencing primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) are more likely to experience infertility, and its incidence is increasing worldwide annually. Recently, the role of alpha‐lipoic acid (ALA) in the treatment of POI has been reported. However, details of the potential pharmacological targets and related molecular pathways of ALA remain unclear and need to be elucidated. Thus, this study aims to elucidate the potential therapeutic target and related molecular mechanism of ALA on POI. First, the potential targets of POI and ALA‐related targets were downloaded from online public databases. Subsequently, the overlapped target genes between POI and ALA were acquired, and gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were performed and constructed. Finally, molecular docking was performed to verify protein‐to‐protein effect. A total of 152 potential therapeutic targets were identified. The biological processes of the intersecting targets were mainly involved in the cellular response to peptides, response to xenobiotic stimuli, and response to peptide hormones. The highly enriched pathways were the cAMP, PI3K/AKT, estrogen, progesterone mediated oocyte maturation, and apoptosis signaling pathways. The top 10 hub targets for ALA in the treatment of POI were STAT3, STAT1, CASP3, MTOR, PTGS2, CASP8, HSP90AA1, PIK3CA, MAPK1, and ESR1. The binding between ALA and all top hub targets were verified using the molecular docking analysis. In summary, using the systematic integrated pharmacology network and bioinformatics analysis, this study illustrated that ALA participates in the treatment of POI via multiple targets and multiple pathways mechanisms.
Modulation of quorum sensing and biofilm of Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens by Cinnamomum zeylanicum L.
Authors: Qais Faizan Abul , Khan Mohammad Shavez , Ahmad Iqbal , Husain Fohad Mabood , Arshad Mohammed , Khan Altaf , Adil Mohd 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of antibiotic resistant microbial pathogens has become a global health threat and a major concern in modern medicine. The problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has majorly arisen due to sub‐judicious use of antibiotics in health care and livestock industry. A slow progress has been made in last two decades in discovery of new antibiotics. A new strategy in combatting AMR is to modulate or disarm the microbes for their virulence and pathogenicity. Plants are considered as promising source for new drugs against AMR pathogens. In this study, fraction‐based screening of the Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract was performed followed by detailed investigation of antiquorum sensing and antibiofilm activities of the most active fraction that is, C. zeylanicum hexane fraction (CZHF). More than 75% reduction in violacein pigment of C. violaceum 12472 was overserved. CZHF successfully modulated the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by 60.46%–78.35%. A similar effect was recorded against Serratia marcescens MTCC 97. A broad‐spectrum inhibition of biofilm development was found in presence of sub‐MICs of CZHF. The colonization of bacteria onto the glass coverslips was remarkably reduced apart from the reduction in exopolymeric substances. Alkaloids and terpenoids were found in CZHF. GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal, 2‐propenal, coumarin, and α‐copaene as major phytocompounds. This study provides enough evidence to support potency of C. zeylanicum extract in targeting the virulence of Gram −ve pathogenic bacteria. The plant extract or active compounds can be developed as successful drugs after careful in vivo examination to target microbial infections.Research Highlights
Hexane fraction of Cinnamomum zeylanicum is active against QS and biofilms.
The broad‐spectrum antibiofilm activity was further confirmed by microscopic analysis.
Dimethyl acetal, 2‐propenal, coumarin, α‐copaene, and so forth are major phytocompounds.
Regulated the Swelling Properties of Poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) Hydrogel by Changing the Charge Density
Authors: Ren Jie , Zhan Ningrui , Yang Jing , Xiang Xu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHydrogels can swell without dissolving in water and are widely used in water treatment and biomedicine. The swelling rate of hydrogels is closely related to the network structure and charge density of hydrogels, but there are few detailed studies in this area. In this work, poly(acrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid) anionic hydrogel with acrylic acid (AA) as anionic monomer is prepared. By changing the monomer ratio, or changing the pH value of hydrogels, the internal charge density can be adjusted, and then the swelling rate can be controlled. With the increase of AA monomer content, the content of carboxylate in hydrogel increases, resulting in higher charge density. A high charge density corresponds to a high swelling rate. On the other hand, the swelling rate is closely related to the pH value, which is because the concentration of proton affects the ionization of carboxylic acid, which leads to the change of charge density. It is worth noting when pH increases to 10, the charge shielding effect of the counter‐ion (Na+) gradually increases, thus limiting the swelling of the hydrogel and reducing the swelling rate. This work has reference value for the practical application of hydrogels.
Design, Synthesis and Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Azobenzene‐Based Polysiloxanes
Authors: Tong Xingwen , Zheng Xunsheng , Zhao Zhennan , Li Quanwei , Zhao Haisong , Zou Dexun , Ren Zhongjie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo study the effect of polymeric structures on second‐order nonlinear optical properties, polysiloxanes materials based on azobenzene as chromophore have been designed and synthesized successfully. Herein, the siloxane monomer is directly bonded to azobenzene units by palladium catalysis, which avoids the influence of flexible chains on the photoelectric properties of azobenzene. According to the different positions of azobenzene units in the polymers, it is divided into side‐chain, main‐chain, and alternative‐type polymers. The chemical structures of obtained polysiloxanes are confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and mass spectra. Three polymers present high thermal decomposition temperatures and the medium glass transition temperatures. The effects of polymeric structures on the second‐order nonlinear properties are compared. The main‐chain polysiloxane possesses the highest thermal stability because of its rigid architecture. The side‐chain polysiloxane shows the fastest isomerization transformation rate due to the large free volume. Besides, the alternative polysiloxane displays the best second‐order nonlinear performance with second harmonic generation coefficient (d33) value of 47.6 pm V−1, which is 3 times higher than the side‐chain one.
Zyxin inhibits the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process in gastric cancer by upregulating SIRT1
Authors: Lou Jing , Geng Sha , He Wei , Liu Song‐Bai , Shi Xinghong , Chang Ying , Han Shiyuan , Qian Panting , Amin Hesham M , Song Yao‐Hua , Li Yangxin , Zhou Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTumor development relies on the stemness of cancer stem cells, which is regulated by environmental cues. Previous studies have shown that zyxin can inhibit the expression of genes for embryonic stem cell status. In the present study, the expression levels of zyxin protein in cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues from 73 gastric cancer patients with different clinical stages were analyzed by Western blot. We showed that the relative expression levels of zyxin in gastric cancer tissues (cancer tissues/adjacent tissues) were significantly downregulated in advanced clinical stages. Overexpression of zyxin inhibited the stemness and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in gastric cancer cells. Zyxin also inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion but increased the sensitivity of cancer cells to drugs. Overexpression of zyxin in MKN45 cells inhibited tumor growth in nude mice. We show that the interactions between zyxin and SIRT1 led to the upregulation of SIRT1, reduced acetylation levels of histone H3 K9 and K23, decreased transcription levels of SNAI 1/2, and inhibition of the EMT process. This study demonstrated that zyxin negatively regulates the progression of gastric cancer by inhibiting the stemness of cancer stem cells and EMT. Our findings shed new light on the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.