bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental DNA as an innovative technique to identify the origins of falsified antimalarial tablets—a pilot study of the pharmabiome
Authors: Young Jennifer M. , Liddicoat Craig , van Dijk Kor-jent , Tabernero Patricia , Caillet Celine , White Nicholas J. , Linacre Adrian , Austin Jeremy J. , Newton Paul N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFalsified medicines are a major threat to global health. Antimalarial drugs have been particularly targeted by criminals. As DNA analysis has revolutionized forensic criminology, we hypothesized that these techniques could also be used to investigate the origins of falsified medicines. Medicines may contain diverse adventitious biological contamination, and the sealed nature of blister-packages may capture and preserve genetic signals from the manufacturing processes allowing identification of production source(s). We conducted a blinded pilot study to determine if such environmental DNA (eDNA) could be detected in eleven samples of falsified and genuine artesunate antimalarial tablets, collected in SE Asia, which could be indicative of origin. Massively Parallel Sequencing (MPS) was used to characterize microbial and eukaryote diversity. Two mitochondrial DNA analysis approaches were explored to detect the presence of human DNA. Trace eDNA from these low biomass samples demonstrated sample specific signals using two target markers. Significant differences in bacterial and eukaryote DNA community structures were observed between genuine and falsified tablets and between different packaging types of falsified artesunate. Human DNA, which was indicative of likely east Asian ancestry, was found in falsified tablets. This pilot study of the ‘pharmabiome’ shows the potential of environmental DNA as a powerful forensic tool to assist with the identification of the environments, and hence location and timing, of the source and manufacture of falsified medicines, establish links between seizures and complement existing tools to build a more complete picture of criminal trade routes. The finding of human DNA in tablets raises important ethical issues that need to be addressed.
The geography of the age at menopause in central Portugal since the early twentieth century
Authors: Martins Rui , de Sousa Bruno , Rodrigues Vítor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work aims at studying the spatio-temporal evolution of the age at menopause in central Portugal since the early twentieth century. We analyzed $$N=320,444$$

N
=
320
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444

women that had already reached the menopause within a free breast cancer screening program between 1990 and 2018 and born in the period 1910–1960. One of the concerns was about early or late menopause thus we considered percentile regression to build the respective percentile curves inside the package GAMLSS in R. In order to capture the correlation at the regional level, a spatial random-effect was considered. The obtained clustered spatial effects were analyzed to assess geographical differences among the percentiles of the age at menopause by year of birth. An increasing trend in the median age at menopause and regional differences for all the considered percentiles were found. From 47.1 years in 1910 to 49.59 years in 1960 (about 2.49 years in 5 decades). Early and premature menopause (below percentile 5%) occur in the interior north (north-eastern). Late menopause (above percentile 95%) occur predominantly in the central-north and central-south areas.
Over-expression of miR-183-5p or miR-492 triggers invasion and proliferation and loss of polarity in non-neoplastic breast epithelium
Authors: Naser Al Deen Nataly , Atallah Lanman Nadia , Chittiboyina Shirisha , Fostok Sabreen , Nasr Rihab , Lelièvre Sophie , Talhouk Rabih 
Published: December 2022

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as novel noninvasive cancer biomarkers. In an HMT-3522 S1 (S1) breast epithelial risk-progression three-dimensional (3D) culture model, non-neoplastic S1 cells form a fully polarized epithelium. When silenced for the gap junction and tumor suppressor Cx43, Cx43-KO-S1 cells recapitulate pre-neoplastic phenotypes observed in tissues at risk for breast cancer in vivo. To delineate the role of miRNAs in breast tumorigenesis and identify key miRNA players in breast epithelial polarity, the miRNA profile specific to Cx43 loss in Cx43-KO-S1 compared to S1 cells was sequenced, revealing 65 differentially expressed miRNAs. A comparative analysis was conducted between these miRNAs and tumor-associated miRNAs from a young Lebanese patient validation cohort. miR-183-5p, downstream of Cx43 loss, was commonly upregulated in the patient cohort and the 3D culture model. miR-492, not attributed to Cx43 loss, was only specifically up-regulated in the young Lebanese patients. Ectopic expression of either miR-183-5p or miR-492 in S1 cells, through pLenti-III-miR-GPF vectors, resulted in the formation of larger multi-layered acini devoid of lumen, with disrupted epithelial polarity, as shown by an altered localization of Cx43, ß-catenin and Scrib, and decreased nuclear circularity in 3D cultures. Enhanced proliferation and invasion capacity were also observed. Over-expression of miR-183-5p or miR-492, therefore, induces pre-neoplastic phenotypes similar to those reported upon Cx43 loss, and may act as oncomiRs and possible biomarkers of increased breast cancer risk.
Current evidence on circRNAs as potential theranostic markers for detecting chemoresistance in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta‑analysis
Authors: Zhu Zixin , Jiang Hui , Xie Jingling , Jin Xinrui , Li Baolin , Liu Jinbo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study assessed the value of circRNAs (circular RNAs) as prognostic markers in BC (breast cancer). We searched pertinent studies on the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science online databases published according to PRISMA guidelines. A random-effects model for meta-analysis was used to assess the combined effect size of the HRs (hazard ratios) of the included studies. The heterogeneity test used Cochran's Q-test and I2 statistics. Thirty of the 520 trials retrieved were included in the systematic review. A total of 11 chemotherapeutic agents were used in the included studies. A total of 30 studies on 30 circRNAs were included in the systematic review. Of the 30 relevant circRNAs, 28 were upregulated and two were downregulated in breast cancer versus normal samples, and both were associated with increased drug resistance. Nine of 30 studies were used for the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the groups with circRNA upregulation and circRNA downregulation showed the same prognostic risk (HR = 1.37, 95% Cl: 0.80–2.36, I2 = 63.7%). The results of subgroup analysis showed that both upregulated circRNAs (HR = 2.24, 95% Cl: 1.34–3.75, I2 = 0%) and downregulated circRNAs (HR = 0.61, 95% Cl: 0.45–0.83, I2 = 0%) were associated with poor BC prognosis. Collectively, the results of all relevant articles collected indicated that circRNAs showed good potential as possible clinical biomarkers of chemoresistance in BC patients.
Towards improving e-commerce customer review analysis for sentiment detection
Authors: Singh Upendra , Saraswat Anant , Azad Hiteshwar Kumar , Abhishek Kumar , Shitharth S 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAccording to a report published by Business Wire, the market value of e-commerce reached US$ 13 trillion and is expected to reach US$ 55.6 trillion by 2027. In this rapidly growing market, product and service reviews can influence our purchasing decisions. It is challenging to manually evaluate reviews to make decisions and examine business models. However, users can examine and automate this process with Natural Language Processing (NLP). NLP is a well-known technique for evaluating and extracting information from written or audible texts. NLP research investigates the social architecture of societies. This article analyses the Amazon dataset using various combinations of voice components and deep learning. The suggested module focuses on identifying sentences as ‘Positive‘, ‘Neutral‘, ‘Negative‘, or ‘Indifferent‘. It analyses the data and labels the ‘better’ and ‘worse’ assumptions as positive and negative, respectively. With the expansion of the internet and e-commerce websites over the past decade, consumers now have a vast selection of products within the same domain, and NLP plays a vital part in classifying products based on evaluations. It is possible to predict sponsored and unpaid reviews using NLP with Machine Learning. This article examined various Machine Learning algorithms for predicting the sentiment of e-commerce website reviews. The automation achieves a maximum validation accuracy of 79.83% when using Fast Text as word embedding and the Multi-channel Convolution Neural Network.
The interrelationships between neuronal viability, synaptic integrity, microglial responses, and amyloid-beta formation in an in vitro neurotrauma model
Authors: Wang Lan-Wan , Lin Hung-Jung , Chao Chien-Ming , Lin Mao-Tsun , Wang Lin-Yu , Chein Lan-Hsiang , Chang Ching-Ping , Chio Chung-Ching 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe interrelationships between neuronal viability, synaptic integrity, and microglial responses remain in infancy. In dealing with the question, we induced a stretch injury to evaluate the mechanical effects of trauma on rat primary cortical neurons and BV2 microglial cells in a transwell culture system. The viability of primary neurons and BV2 cells was determined by MTT. Synaptic integrity was evaluated by determining the expression of beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), amyloid-beta (Aβ), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), and synaptophysin (vehicle protein). Both CD16/32-positive (CD16/32+) and CD206-positive (CD206+) microglia cells were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The phagocytic ability of the BV2 cells was determined using pHrodo E. coli BioParticles conjugates and flow cytometry. We found that stretch injury BV2 cells caused reduced viability and synaptic abnormalities characterized by Aβ accumulation and reductions of BACE1, MAP2, and synaptophysin in primary neurons. Intact BV2 cells exhibited normal phagocytic ability and were predominantly CD206+ microglia cells, whereas the injured BV2 cells exhibited reduced phagocytic ability and were predominantly CD16/32+ microglial cells. Like a stretch injury, the injured BV2 cells can cause both reduced viability and synaptic abnormalities in primary neurons; intact BV2 cells, when cocultured with primary neurons, can protect against the stretch-injured-induced reduced viability and synaptic abnormalities in primary neurons. We conclude that CD206+ and CD16/32+ BV-2 cells can produce neuroprotective and cytotoxic effects on primary cortical neurons.
Novel sulfonated poly (vinyl alcohol)/carboxy methyl cellulose/acrylamide-based hybrid polyelectrolyte membranes
Authors: Mahmoud Atia , Fahmy Alaa , Naser Abdelrahman , Saied Mohamed Abu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNovel polyelectrolytic hybrid membranes are prepared by blending carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-acrylamide (AA). Succinic acid and chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) are employed as crosslinkers and modifiers, respectively. Additionally, carboxylated carbon nanotube (CCNT) and sulfonated activated carbon (SAC) as fillers are used to attain appropriate chemical and mechanical stability for use as polyelectrolyte membranes (PEM). CMC, PVA, and AA are mixed and treated with CSA, CCNT, and SAC in different concentrations. First, CMC/PVA/AA solution is modified using CSA to produce a sulfonated polymeric matrix. Second, a different amount of CCNT or SAC was added as a filler to enhance the ion exchange capacity (IEC), ionic conductivity, and chemical stability. Third, the solution is cast as polyelectrolytic membranes. Chemical interactions between CMC, PVA, AA and other membrane components were confirmed using various characterization techniques such as Raman scattering spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Furthermore, mechanical strength, methanol uptake, gel fraction, ion exchange capacity (IEC), proton conductivity (PC), chemical and thermal stability were determined as functions of varied membrane modification components. Results reveal that the increase of CSA, CCNT and SAC is leading to increase the IEC values reaching 1.54 mmol/g for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA), 1.74 mmol/g for (CMC/PVA-4%CSA-2%CCNT) and 2.31 mmol/g for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA-2% SAC) comparing to 0.11 mmol/g for non-modified CMC/PVA/AA membrane. Sequentially, the proton conductivity value is changed from 1 × 10–3S/cm in non-modified CMC/PVA/AA membrane to 0.082 S/cm for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA), 0.0984 S/cm for (CMC/PVA-4%CSA-2%CCNT) and 0.1050 S/cm for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA-2% SAC). Such results enhance the potential feasibility of modified CMC/PVA/AA hybrid as polyelectrolytic membranes.
Reducing socio-ecological conflict using social influence modelling
Authors: Condie Corrine M. , Alexander Karen A. , Fulton Elizabeth A. , Vince Joanna , Condie Scott A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolarisation of opinions across communities can lead to social conflict, reputational damage and the disruption of operations and markets. Social influence models have been widely used to better understand processes driving conflict from a theoretical perspective. Using aquaculture as a case study, we demonstrate how such models can be extended to accurately hindcast the transition from population consensus to high conflict, including observed catastrophic tipping points. We then use the model to quantitatively evaluate strategies aimed at reducing aquaculture conflict. We found that persuasive advocacy was ineffective and often counterproductive, whereas meaningful engagement, collaborative learning and improving scientific literacy targeted broadly across the population was effective in moderating opinions and reducing conflict. When such messaging was targeted too narrowly or too infrequently, it tended to be negated by ongoing exchange of misinformation within the population. Both the modelling approach and lessons on effective communication strategies are relevant to a broad range of environmental conflicts.
Directional amplitude backscatter modulation with suppressed Doppler based on rotating resonant loop
Authors: Azarfar Ashkan , Barbot Nicolas , Perret Etienne 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe directional amplitude backscatter modulation with suppressed Doppler is demonstrated based on the scattering from a symmetrically rotating resonant loop. The concept is studied theoretically and experimentally with perfectly compatible results. The symmetrical rotation of the scatterer and the effect of radial resonance, as the two crucial points to realize the idea, are highlighted through the comparison between the symmetric and non-symmetric cases, and the results obtained for scatterers with and without radial resonance. The presented backscattering modulation technique provides an amplitude modulating waveform which is uniquely linked to the directional reradiation pattern of the rotating loop scatterer in a definite resonant mode. With the pure directional amplitude modulation (DAM) induced on the backscattered wave, the envelope waveform can be accurately retrieved form the received signal using the In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) representation. The contribution of the background in a real environment can be detected and removed to obtain the exact modulating waveform. This property of the proposed backscattering modulation method can be applied for sensing, localization, and identification purposes with high sensitivity, read range, and robustness.
Ion-specific binding of cations to the carboxylate and of anions to the amide of alanylalanine
Authors: Krevert Carola Sophie , Gunkel Lucas , Haese Constantin , Hunger Johannes 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudies of ion-specific effects on oligopeptides have aided our understanding of Hofmeister effects on proteins, yet the use of different model peptides and different experimental sensitivities have led to conflicting conclusions. To resolve these controversies, we study a small model peptide, L-Alanyl-L-alanine (2Ala), carrying all fundamental chemical protein motifs: C-terminus, amide bond, and N-terminus. We elucidate the effect of GdmCl, LiCl, KCl, KI, and KSCN by combining dielectric relaxation, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and (two-dimensional) infrared spectroscopy. Our dielectric results show that all ions reduce the rotational mobility of 2Ala, yet the magnitude of the reduction is larger for denaturing cations than for anions. The NMR chemical shifts of the amide group are particularly sensitive to denaturing anions, indicative of anion-amide interactions. Infrared experiments reveal that LiCl alters the spectral homogeneity and dynamics of the carboxylate, but not the amide group. Interaction of LiCl with the negatively charged pole of 2Ala, the COO− group, can explain the marked cationic effect on dipolar rotation, while interaction of anions between the poles, at the amide, only weakly perturbs dipolar dynamics. As such, our results provide a unifying view on ions’ preferential interaction sites at 2Ala and help rationalize Hofmeister effects on proteins.
Developing sustainable FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage by recycling
Authors: Shang Yuanyuan , Liu Shaofei , Liang Zhida , Pyczak Florian , Lei Zhifeng , Heidenreich Tim , Schökel Alexander , Kai Ji-jung , Gizer Gökhan , Dornheim Martin , Klassen Thomas , Pistidda Claudio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntermetallic alloys such as FeTi have attracted ever-growing attention as a safe and efficient hydrogen storage medium. However, the utilization of high-purity metals for the synthesis of such materials poses considerable concerns over the environmental sustainability of their large-scale production. Here, we report an approach for synthesizing FeTi from industrial scraps of iron (steels C45 and 316 L) and titanium (Ti alloy Grade 2) to reduce the carbon footprint associated with FeTi alloy synthesis, without compromising their hydrogen storage properties. At 50 °C and a pressure of 0 to 100 bar, the alloys obtained by using C45-Ti Grade 2 and 316L-Ti Grade 2 can absorb a maximum amount of hydrogen of 1.61 wt.% and 1.50 wt.%, respectively. Moreover, depending on the type of steel utilized, the thermodynamic properties can be modified. Our findings pave a pathway for developing high-performance, environmentally-sustainable FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage purposes using industrial metal wastes.
Technical Feasibility, Short-Term Patency, Safety, and Efficacy of Percutaneously Delivered Double Pig-Tail Stent for Palliation of Unresectable Biliary Malignancies
Authors: Verma Ashish , Kumar Ishan , Singh Pramod Kumar , Kumar Tarun , Pandey Durgatosh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility, complication rate, and efficacy of percutaneously delivered plastic biliary stent, compared with that of internal–external biliary drainage catheter.
Methods Patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction were included who underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and double pigtail plastic stenting (DPT-PS) or internal–external biliary drainage catheter in 15 months' duration.
Results Seventy-seven patients were included in the study who underwent DPT-PS (n = 37) or internal external drainage catheter placement (n = 40). Overall, the technical success rate for percutaneous plastic stenting was 92.5% and technical success rate for primary stenting at the time of initial puncture was 62%. The incidence of fever and hemobilia was similar across the two groups, whereas bile leakage in the perihepatic space and through the skin at puncture site was higher in patients with internal–external drainage catheter. Both the techniques were effective in reducing the bilirubin levels of patients. Re-intervention was done in five patients in DPT-PS and six patients with ring biliary catheter.
Conclusion DPT-PS may be used as a viable cost-efficient alternative for unresectable biliary malignancies with low post-procedure life expectancy.
COVID-Related Thrombosis and Overall Implications Related to Percutaneous Interventions
Authors: Lookstein Robert A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 pandemic created unique, once in a lifetime challenges for healthcare workers across the globe. One of the challenges specific to interventional radiology was the increased incidence of vascular thrombosis leading to urgent and emergent clinical patient management issues. Limited healthcare resources and complex clinical presentations required innovative solutions, and workflows to manage the increased burden on the healthcare providers.
Antimicrobial Strategies for Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Møller Rikke , Pressler Tacjana , Qvist Tavs 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLung infection is the leading cause of death in cystic fibrosis (CF), and antimicrobial therapies are the backbone of infection management. While many different strategies may be applied, rigorous microbiological surveillance, intensive eradication therapy, and long-term maintenance therapy based on inhaled antibiotics may be considered the main strategy for infection control in individuals with CF. While most of the existing evidence is based on infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, other important pathogens causing lung inflammation and deterioration exist and should be treated despite the evidence gap. In this chapter, we describe the approaches to the antimicrobial treatment of the most important pathogens in CF and the evidence behind.
Characteristics of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Libya Based on Different Source of Infections
Authors: Hosien Bushra , Belhaj Howida , Atia Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years and for decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has expanded into a major clinical issue. Infections were no longer a life-threatening issue for clinicians after the discovery of antibiotics. The misuse or overuse of antibiotics, however, contributes to global AMR, and numerous mobile genetic elements and relevant resistant genes worsen the spread of resistance. As antibiotics lose their effectiveness, a growing number of infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and gonorrhea are getting harder and sometimes impossible to treat. Infections that are resistant to antibiotics are correlated with antibiotic misuse. The majority of the antibiotic resistance in microbes is caused by improper use of antibiotics. Because there are a few antibiotics available to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, there is a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Libya has a high burden of antibiotic resistance, and antimicrobial malpractice has frequently been reported. Providing information on the current state of antimicrobial resistance in Libya may assist the health authorities in addressing the problem more effectively in the future. Therefore, this review highlights the current situation of bacterial profile and their antimicrobial resistance in Libya based on the source of infection. Articles related to the topic were searched using databases and search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate websites. These articles were selected if they were conducted in Libya and provided information on bacterial pathogens and AMR. Required data were extracted for the purpose of this review report, and then further verified for identifying the prevalence and number of susceptible and resistant pathogens in each source of infection.