bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of dimensionality reduction and clustering algorithms for the classification of kinematic morphologies of galaxies
Authors: Rosito M. S. , Bignone L. A. , Tissera P. B. , Pedrosa S. E. 
Published: January 2023

Context. The morphological classification of galaxies is considered a relevant issue and can be approached from different points of view. The increasing growth in the size and accuracy of astronomical data sets brings with it the need for the use of automatic methods to perform these classifications.
Aims. The aim of this work is to propose and evaluate a method for the automatic unsupervised classification of kinematic morphologies of galaxies that yields a meaningful clustering and captures the variations of the fundamental properties of galaxies.
Methods.We obtained kinematic maps for a sample of 2064 galaxies from the largest simulation of the EAGLE project that mimics integral field spectroscopy images. These maps are the input of a dimensionality reduction algorithm followed by a clustering algorithm. We analysed the variation of physical and observational parameters among the clusters obtained from the application of this procedure to different inputs. The inputs studied in this paper are (a) line-of-sight velocity maps for the whole sample of galaxies observed at fixed inclinations; (b) line-of-sight velocity, dispersion, and flux maps together for the whole sample of galaxies observed at fixed inclinations; (c) line-of-sight velocity, dispersion, and flux maps together for two separate subsamples of edge-on galaxies with similar amount of rotation; and (d) line-of-sight velocity, dispersion, and flux maps together for galaxies from different observation angles mixed.
Results. The application of the method to solely line-of-sight velocity maps achieves a clear division between slow rotators (SRs) and fast rotators (FRs) and can differentiate rotation orientation. By adding the dispersion and flux information at the input, low-rotation edge-on galaxies are separated according to their shapes and, at lower inclinations, the clustering using the three types of maps maintains the overall information obtained using only the line-of-sight velocity maps. This method still produces meaningful groups when applied to SRs and FRs separately, but in the first case the division into clusters is less clear than when the input includes a variety of morphologies. When applying the method to a mixture of galaxies observed from different inclinations, we obtain results that are similar to those in our previous experiments with the advantage that in this case the input is more realistic. In addition, our method has proven to be robust: it consistently classifies the same galaxies viewed from different inclinations.
Free–free absorption parameters of Cassiopeia A from low-frequency interferometric observations
Authors: Stanislavsky Lev A. , Bubnov Igor N. , Konovalenko Aleksander A. , Stanislavsky Aleksander A. , Yerin Serge N. 
Published: January 2023

Context. Cassiopeia A is one of the most extensively studied supernova remnants (SNRs) in our Galaxy. The analysis of its continuum spectrum through low-frequency observations plays an important role for understanding the evolution of the radio source and the propagation of synchrotron emission to observers through the SNR environment and the ionized interstellar medium.
Aims. In this paper we present measurements of the integrated spectrum of Cas A to characterize the properties of free–free absorption toward this SNR. We also add new measurements to track its slowly evolving and decreasing integrated flux density.
Methods. We used the Giant Ukrainian Radio Telescope (GURT) to measure the continuum spectrum of Cassiopeia A within the frequency range of 16–72 MHz. The radio flux density of Cassiopeia A relative to the reference source of the radio galaxy Cygnus A was measured in May–October 2019 with two subarrays of the GURT, used as a two-element correlation interferometer.
Results. We determine magnitudes of emission measure, electron temperature, and an average number of charges of the ions for both internal and external absorbing ionized gas toward Cassiopeia A. Generally, their values are comparable, albeit with slight differences, to recently presented values. In the absence of clumping, we find that the unshocked ejecta of M = 2.61 M⊙ at the electron density of 15.3 cm−3 has a gas temperature of T ≈ 100 K. If the clumping factor is 0.67, then the unshocked ejecta of 0.96 M⊙ has an electron density of 18.7 cm−3.
Conclusions. The integrated flux density spectrum of Cassiopeia A obtained with the GURT interferometric observations is consistent with the theoretical model within measurement errors and also reasonably consistent with other recent results in the literature.
Updated characterization of long-period single companion by combining radial velocity, relative astrometry, and absolute astrometry
Authors: Philipot F. , Lagrange A.-M. , Rubini P. , Kiefer F. , Chomez A. 
Published: January 2023

Context. Thanks to more than 20 yr of monitoring, the radial velocity (RV) method has detected long-period companions (P > 10 yr) around several dozens of stars. Yet, the true nature of these companions remains unclear because of the uncertainty as to the inclination of the companion orbital plane.
Aims. We wish to constrain the orbital inclination and the true mass of long-period single companions.
Methods. We used a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) fitting algorithm to combine RV measurements with absolute astrometry and, when available, relative astrometry data.
Results. We have lifted the sin(i) indetermination for seven long-period companions. We find true masses in the planetary mass range for the candidate planets detected in the following systems: Epsilon Indi A, HD 13931, HD 115954, and HD 222155. The mass of HD 219077 b is close to the deuterium-burning limit and its nature is uncertain because of the imprecise mass of the host star. Using additional RV measurements, we refine the orbital parameters of HIP 70849 b and find a mass in the planetary range. By combining RV data with absolute and relative astrometry, we significantly improve the characterization of HD 211847 B and properly determine its mass, which appears to be in the low-mass star range. This work illustrates how Gaia and HIPPARCOS allow for the orbital properties and masses of long-period RV companions to be further constrained.
Die Bedeutung des sozioökonomischen Status für das
Auftreten von psychischen Auffälligkeiten bei 11-bis 17-
jährigen Mädchen und Jungen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse der
KiGGS-Welle 2 (2014–2017)
Authors: Fendt Maren , Hölling Heike , Lampert Thomas , Waldhauer Julia 
Published: January 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel der Studie ist es, die Verteilungsunterschiede von
psychischen Auffälligkeiten (Emotionale Probleme,
Verhaltensauffälligkeiten, Probleme mit Gleichaltrigen,
Hyperaktivität) bei 11- bis 17-jährigen Mädchen und
Jungen zwischen sozioökonomischen Statusgruppen zu untersuchen.
MethodikDatenbasis bildete die Querschnittserhebung der „Studie
zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland“ –
KiGGS Welle 2 (2014–2017, n=15.023). Es wurden Daten von 11- bis
17-jährigen Jugendlichen (n=6599) insgesamt und getrennt nach
zwei Altersgruppen analysiert. Als abhängige Variable fungierten die
Elternangaben zum „Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire“
(SDQ). Als unabhängige Variable diente ein mehrdimensionaler Indexwert,
der den sozioökonomischen Status (SES) der Familie
repräsentiert. Prävalenzen und auf binären logistischen
Regressionen basierende Odds Ratios (OR) werden ausgewiesen.
ErgebnisseEtwa 15,7% der 11- bis 17-Jährigen wiesen
psychische Auffälligkeiten auf. Mädchen zeigten häufiger
internalisierende und Jungen eher externalisierende Auffälligkeiten.
Psychische Auffälligkeiten waren bei Jugendlichen aus Familien mit
niedrigem SES im Vergleich zu denen mit hohem SES mehr als 2-fach erhöht
(aOR: 2,32; 95%-KI: 1,81–2,97; p<0,001). Mädchen
aus Familien mit niedrigem SES wiesen im Gegensatz zu Mädchen mit hohem
SES deutlich häufiger Auffälligkeiten in den Subdimensionen wie
„Emotionale Probleme“ auf (aOR: 2,06; 95%-KI:
1,49–2,98; p<0,001). Bei Jungen fanden sich geringfügige
Verteilungsunterschiede nach SES.
SchlussfolgerungPsychische Auffälligkeiten sind bei Jugendlichen
nach SES ungleich verteilt. 11-bis 17- jährige Jungen sind
unabhängig vom SES häufiger von psychischen
Auffälligkeiten betroffen, während bei Mädchen die
Verteilungsunterschiede nach SES stärker ausgeprägt sind.
Longitudinal In Vivo Monitoring of Atheroprogression in Hypercholesterolemic Mice Using Photoacoustic Imaging
Authors: Ferraro Bartolo , Giustetto Pierangela , Schengel Olga , Weckbach Ludwig T. , Maegdefessel Lars , Soehnlein Oliver 
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim The ability to recognize and monitor atherosclerotic lesion development using noninvasive imaging is crucial in preventive cardiology. The aim of the present study was to establish a protocol for longitudinal monitoring of plaque lipid, collagen, and macrophage burden as well as of endothelial permeability.
Methods and Results Photoacoustic signals derived from endogenous or exogenous dyes assessed in vivo, in plaques of albino Apoe
−/− mice, correlated with lesion characteristics obtained after histomorphometric and immunofluorescence analyses, thus supporting the validity of our protocol. Using models of atheroprogression and regression, we could apply our imaging protocol to the longitudinal observation of atherosclerotic lesion characteristics in mice.
Conclusions The present study shows an innovative approach to assess arterial inflammation in a non-invasive fashion, applicable to longitudinal analyses of changes of atherosclerotic lesion composition. Such approach could prove important in the preclinical testing of therapeutic interventions in mice carrying pre-established lesions.
The RhinoCEROS Guidelines: A Practical Tool for Reporting Nasal Anatomy on Computed Tomography Pertaining to Rhinoplasty
Authors: McIntosh Cameron , Stutterheim James , Prinsloo Hendrick , Randall Michael , Toman Julia , Pisapia Francesco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCone-beam computed tomography (CT) is gaining popularity worldwide due to an increasingly diffuse and affordable in-office availability. It is becoming more commonplace for rhinoplasty surgeons to utilize this imaging as tool for preoperative assessment; however, there is inconsistency among radiologists commenting on specific structures of the nose or nasal cavity as there is currently no standardized reporting protocol. The goal of this article is to present clear guidelines for radiologists to report relevant nasal anatomy in the context of preoperative rhinoplasty evaluation. We have proposed the RhinoCEROS Guidelines, which stands for: Rhinoplasty Cephalometric Evaluation for Radiologic pre-Operative Systematization. This guideline highlights the primary aspects of nasal anatomy on CT that affect rhinoplasty outcomes and will provide radiologists with a straightforward template for reporting this increasingly popular use for CT scan.
Rare Diseases in Hospital Information Systems—An Interoperable Methodology for Distributed Data Quality Assessments
Authors: Tahar Kais , Martin Tamara , Mou Yongli , Verbuecheln Raphael , Graessner Holm , Krefting Dagmar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Multisite research networks such as the project “Collaboration on Rare Diseases” connect various hospitals to obtain sufficient data for clinical research. However, data quality (DQ) remains a challenge for the secondary use of data recorded in different health information systems. High levels of DQ as well as appropriate quality assessment methods are needed to support the reuse of such distributed data.
Objectives The aim of this work is the development of an interoperable methodology for assessing the quality of data recorded in heterogeneous sources to improve the quality of rare disease (RD) documentation and support clinical research.
Methods We first developed a conceptual framework for DQ assessment. Using this theoretical guidance, we implemented a software framework that provides appropriate tools for calculating DQ metrics and for generating local as well as cross-institutional reports. We further applied our methodology on synthetic data distributed across multiple hospitals using Personal Health Train. Finally, we used precision and recall as metrics to validate our implementation.
Results Four DQ dimensions were defined and represented as disjunct ontological categories. Based on these top dimensions, 9 DQ concepts, 10 DQ indicators, and 25 DQ parameters were developed and applied to different data sets. Randomly introduced DQ issues were all identified and reported automatically. The generated reports show the resulting DQ indicators and detected DQ issues.
Conclusion We have shown that our approach yields promising results, which can be used for local and cross-institutional DQ assessments. The developed frameworks provide useful methods for interoperable and privacy-preserving assessments of DQ that meet the specified requirements. This study has demonstrated that our methodology is capable of detecting DQ issues such as ambiguity or implausibility of coded diagnoses. It can be used for DQ benchmarking to improve the quality of RD documentation and to support clinical research on distributed data.
Consistency as a Data Quality Measure for German Corona Consensus Items Mapped from National Pandemic Cohort Network Data Collections
Authors: Yusuf Khalid O. , Miljukov Olga , Schoneberg Anne , Hanß Sabine , Wiesenfeldt Martin , Stecher Melanie , Mitrov Lazar , Hopff Sina Marie , Steinbrecher Sarah , Kurth Florian , Bahmer Thomas , Schreiber Stefan , Pape Daniel , Hofmann Anna-Lena , Kohls Mirjam , Störk Stefan , Stubbe Hans Christian , Tebbe Johannes J. , Hellmuth Johannes C. , Erber Johanna , Krist Lilian , Rieg Siegbert , Pilgram Lisa , Vehreschild Jörg J. , Reese Jens-Peter , Krefting Dagmar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background As a national effort to better understand the current pandemic, three cohorts collect sociodemographic and clinical data from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients from different target populations within the German National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON). Furthermore, the German Corona Consensus Dataset (GECCO) was introduced as a harmonized basic information model for COVID-19 patients in clinical routine. To compare the cohort data with other GECCO-based studies, data items are mapped to GECCO. As mapping from one information model to another is complex, an additional consistency evaluation of the mapped items is recommended to detect possible mapping issues or source data inconsistencies.
Objectives The goal of this work is to assure high consistency of research data mapped to the GECCO data model. In particular, it aims at identifying contradictions within interdependent GECCO data items of the German national COVID-19 cohorts to allow investigation of possible reasons for identified contradictions. We furthermore aim at enabling other researchers to easily perform data quality evaluation on GECCO-based datasets and adapt to similar data models.
Methods All suitable data items from each of the three NAPKON cohorts are mapped to the GECCO items. A consistency assessment tool (dqGecco) is implemented, following the design of an existing quality assessment framework, retaining their-defined consistency taxonomies, including logical and empirical contradictions. Results of the assessment are verified independently on the primary data source.
Results Our consistency assessment tool helped in correcting the mapping procedure and reveals remaining contradictory value combinations within COVID-19 symptoms, vital signs, and COVID-19 severity. Consistency rates differ between the different indicators and cohorts ranging from 95.84% up to 100%.
Conclusion An efficient and portable tool capable of discovering inconsistencies in the COVID-19 domain has been developed and applied to three different cohorts. As the GECCO dataset is employed in different platforms and studies, the tool can be directly applied there or adapted to similar information models.
Electrochemical Synthesis of trans-Olefins from Buta-1,3-dienes and Alkyl Halides
Authors: Yang Chao , Xia Wujiong , Zhang Haoxiang , Guo Lin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA facile electrochemical alkylation reaction of buta-1,3-diene derivatives with alkyl halides has been developed, generating highly selective trans-olefins as major products. This method exhibits significant advantages, including simple operation, mild conditions, and convenience of scale-up, and provides a novel route for the synthesis of trans-olefins.
Synthesis of Pyrrolizinone and Pyrrolizino[1,2-a]pyrrolizin-5-one Skeletons Starting From Pyrrole through a Single-Step and Catalyst-Free Approach
Authors: Menges Nurettin , Amudi Karina , Kuzu Burak , Kolak Seda , Genç Hasan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract1H-Pyrrole reacted with lactone-type 2,3-furandione derivatives in anhydrous diethyl ether at room temperature to give a series of derivatives of pyrrolizinone (which is among the most important alkaloid skeletons) in a single step without a catalyst. Pyrrolizinone derivatives with a variety of substituents, such as phenyl, substituted phenyl, thienyl, trifluoromethyl, naphthyl, biphenylyl, ester, or oxalate, were obtained. The reaction of an equimolar amount of pyrrole gave pyrrolizinones, whereas an excess of pyrrole gave pyrrolizino[1,2-a]pyrrolizin-5-ones containing a skeleton that had not previously been reported. The purified molecules were obtained in yields of up to 91%. One cyclization process was carried out on a gram scale, yielding 0.952 g (71%) of the corresponding product.
The Heath of The Peri-Implant Phenotype after Immediate Insertion and Loading of One-Piece and Two-Piece Dental Implants in the Anterior Region. A Clinical and Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study
Authors: Assadawy Mohamed Ismail , Rifaie Ahamed Osama 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjective This study aimed to provide an inclusive comparison between the peri-implant phenotype of immediately placed in fresh extraction socket one-piece and two-piece implants with immediate loading in the anterior region.Materials and Methods Twenty-two patients with a mean age of 36 ± 4.6 (4 males and 18 females)) were randomly allocated to the one-piece and the two-piece groups. Each patient had one immediate implant placement with immediate loading by provisional restorations. Gingival Index, Peri-implant Probing depth, Papilla Presence Index, and, Implant Quality Score were recorded at 3, 6, 9 months, and 18 months. Cone beam computerized tomography is utilized to assess peri-implant bone for 1 year.Statistical analysis A two-sample t-test was used to compare the two groups.Results Both groups showed similar clinical presentations. For group two, Gingival Index, Papilla Presence Index, Peri-implant Index, Implant Quality Score, and eri-implant bone level showed statistically significant improvement. Group one showed a non-significant increase in bone density.Conclusions The peri-implant phenotype showed more predictable treatment outcomes in the context of health and esthetics in two-pieces than in one-piece.
Realization of high-dynamic-range broadband magnetic-field sensing with ensemble nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
Authors: Wang Cao , Liu Qihui , Hu Yuqiang , Xie Fei , Krishna Krishangi , Wang Nan , Wang Lihao , Wang Yang , Toussaint Kimani C. , Cheng Jiangong , Chen Hao , Wu Zhenyu 
Published: January 2023

We present a new magnetometry method integrating an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a single-crystal diamond with an extended dynamic range for monitoring a fast changing magnetic-field. The NV-center spin resonance frequency is tracked using a closed-loop frequency locked technique with fast frequency hopping to achieve a 10 kHz measurement bandwidth, thus allowing for the detection of fast changing magnetic signals up to 0.723 T/s. This technique exhibits an extended dynamic range subjected to the working bandwidth of the microwave source. This extended dynamic range can reach up to 4.3 mT, which is 86 times broader than the intrinsic dynamic range. The essential components for NV spin control and signal processing, such as signal generation, microwave frequency control, data processing, and readout, are integrated in a board-level system. With this platform, we demonstrate a broadband magnetometry with an optimized sensitivity of 4.2 nT Hz−1/2. This magnetometry method has the potential to be implemented in a multichannel frequency locked vector magnetometer suitable for a wide range of practical applications, such as magnetocardiography and high-precision current sensors.
Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer
Authors: Ankner J. F. , Ashkar R. , Browning J. F. , Charlton T. R. , Doucet M. , Halbert C. E. , Islam F. , Karim A. , Kharlampieva E. , Kilbey S. M. , Lin J. Y. Y. , Phan M. D. , Smith G. S. , Sukhishvili S. A. , Thermer R. , Veith G. M. , Watkins E. B. , Wilson D. 
Published: January 2023

The Quite Intense Kinetics Reflectometer (QIKR) will be a general-purpose, horizontal-sample-surface neutron reflectometer. Reflectometers measure the proportion of an incident probe beam reflected from a surface as a function of wavevector (momentum) transfer to infer the distribution and composition of matter near an interface. The unique scattering properties of neutrons make this technique especially useful in the study of soft matter, biomaterials, and materials used in energy storage. Exploiting the increased brilliance of the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station, QIKR will collect specular and off-specular reflectivity data faster than the best existing such machines. It will often be possible to collect complete specular reflectivity curves using a single instrument setting, enabling “cinematic” operation, wherein the user turns on the instrument and “films” the sample. Samples in time-dependent environments (e.g., temperature, electrochemical, or undergoing chemical alteration) will be observed in real time, in favorable cases with frame rates as fast as 1 Hz. Cinematic data acquisition promises to make time-dependent measurements routine, with time resolution specified during post-experiment data analysis. This capability will be deployed to observe such processes as in situ polymer diffusion, battery electrode charge–discharge cycles, hysteresis loops, and membrane protein insertion into lipid layers.