bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The performance of protected-area expansions in representing tropical Andean species: past trends and climate change prospects
Authors: Fajardo Javier , Lessmann Janeth , Devenish Christian , Bonaccorso Elisa , Felicísimo Ángel M. , Rojas-Runjaic Fernando J. M. , Rojas Haidy , Lentino Miguel , Muñoz Jesús , Mateo Rubén G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProtected area (PA) extent has increased significantly over the last 150 years globally, but it is yet unclear whether progress in expanding coverage has been accompanied by improved performance in ecological representation. Here, we explore temporal trends in the performance of PA networks in representing > 16,000 vertebrate and plant species in tropical Andean countries based on species bioclimatic niche modelling. We use a randomization analysis to assess whether representation gains over time (1937–2015) are the expected consequence of increasing the overall area of the network or the result of better designed networks. We also explore the impact of climate change on protected-area representation based on projected species distributions in 2070. We found that PAs added in the last three to four decades were better at representing species diversity than random additions overall. Threatened species, amphibians and reptiles are the exception. Species representation is projected to decrease across PAs under climate change, although PA expansions over the last decade (2006–2015) better represented species' future bioclimatic niches than did sites selected at random for most evaluated groups. These findings indicate an unbalanced representation across taxa, and raises concern over under-represented groups, including threatened species, and species’ representation under climate change scenarios. However, they also suggest that decisions related to locating protected areas have become more strategic in recent decades and illustrate that indicators tracking representativeness of networks are crucial in PA monitoring frameworks.
Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of miR-335 and miR-145 is involved in breast cancer PD-L1 overexpression
Authors: Hajibabaei Sara , Sotoodehnejadnematalahi Fattah , Nafissi Nahid , Zeinali Sirous , Azizi Masoumeh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPD-L1 is one of the most important immune checkpoint molecules in breast cancer that plays an important role in suppressing the immune system when confronted with tumor cells and is regulated by various microRNAs. Among them, microRNA-335-3p and microRNA-145-5p, regulated by DNA methylation, have tumor suppressor activities. We studied the role of miR-335 and -145 on PD-L1 suppression in breast cancer. The expression of miR-355 and miR-145 was significantly downregulated in BC tissues and cell lines compared to their controls, and their downregulation was negatively correlated with PD‐L1 overexpression. In-silico and luciferase reporter systems confirmed that miR-335 and -145 target PD-L1. In BC tissues and cell lines, cancer-specific methylation was found in CpG-rich areas upstream of miR-335 and-145, and up-regulation of PD-L1 expression was connected with hypermethylation (r = 0.4089, P = 0.0147, and r = 0.3373, P = 0.0475, respectively). The higher levels of miR-355 and -145 in BC cells induced apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle, and reduced proliferation significantly. In summary, we found that miR-335 and -145 are novel tumor suppressors inactivated in BC, and these miRs may serve as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
Theoretical and electrochemical evaluation of tetra-cationic surfactant as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl
Authors: Elaraby A. , El-samad Shrouk. Abd , khamis Eman. A. , Zaki E. G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently, scientist study the role of surfactants for carbon steel corrosion protection. In the present study, newly tetra-cationic surfactant (CS4: 1,N1'-(ethane–1,2-diyl) bis (N1, N2—didodecyl–N2–(2- (((E)-3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzylidene)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diaminium) chloride) based on Schiff-base compound(5,5'-((1E,17E)-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaazaoctadeca-1,17-diene-1,18-diyl)bis(2-methoxyphenol) was synthesised, purified and characterized using FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopy. The synthesized Tetra-cationic surfactant (CS4) was evaluated as anti-corrosion for carbon steel (CS-metal) in aggressive 1 M HCl using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques (PDP). CS4 compound had a good surface-active property by reducing the surface tension as a result to the hydrophobic chains role. The prepared CS4 behaved as hybrid inhibitor (mixed-type) by blocking the anodic and cathodic sites. CS4 exhibited good inhibition efficiency reached 95.69%. The surface morphology of CS-metal was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)confirming the anti-corrosive effect of CS4 compound returned into the adsorption process of CS4 molecules over CS-metal which obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibitive effect of CS4 was supported by theoretical quantum chemical studies using the density functional theory (DFT), Monte Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation.
Heating-mediated purification of active FGF21 and structure-based design of its variant with enhanced potency
Authors: Jung Ye-Eun , Lee Kyeong Won , Cho Jae Hyun , Bae Da-Woon , Jeong Bo-Gyeong , Jung Yeon-Ju , Park Soo-Bong , An Young Jun , Kim Kyungchan , Lee Ga Seul , Kang Lin-Woo , Moon Jeong Hee , Lee Jung-Hyun , Kim Eun-Kyoung , Yim Hyung-Soon , Cha Sun-Shin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has pharmaceutical potential against obesity-related metabolic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Since thermal stability is a desirable factor for therapeutic proteins, we investigated the thermal behavior of human FGF21. FGF21 remained soluble after heating; thus, we examined its temperature-induced structural changes using circular dichroism (CD). FGF21 showed inter-convertible temperature-specific CD spectra. The CD spectrum at 100 °C returned to that at 20 °C when the heated FGF21 solution was cooled. Through loop swapping, the connecting loop between β10 and β12 in FGF21 was revealed to be associated with the unique thermal behavior of FGF21. According to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments, in vitro cell-based assays, and model high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity studies, heated FGF21 maintained biological activities that were comparable to those of non-heated and commercial FGF21s. Based on sequence comparison and structural analysis, five point-mutations were introduced into FGF21. Compared with the wild type, the heated FGF21 variant displayed improved therapeutic potential in terms of body weight loss, the levels of hepatic triglycerides and lipids, and the degree of vacuolization of liver in HFD-fed mice.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Blockchain-enabled K-harmonic framework for industrial IoT-based systems
Authors: Baalamurugan K. M. , P. Prabu , Bacanin Nebojsa , Venkatachalam K. , Askar S. S. , Abouhawwash Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndustrial Internet of Things (IIoT)-based systems have become an important part of industry consortium systems because of their rapid growth and wide-ranging application. Various physical objects that are interconnected in the IIoT network communicate with each other and simplify the process of decision-making by observing and analyzing the surrounding environment. While making such intelligent decisions, devices need to transfer and communicate data with each other. However, as devices involved in IIoT networks grow and the methods of connections diversify, the traditional security frameworks face many shortcomings, including vulnerabilities to attack, lags in data, sharing data, and lack of proper authentication. Blockchain technology has the potential to empower safe data distribution of big data generated by the IIoT. Prevailing data-sharing methods in blockchain only concentrate on the data interchanging among parties, not on the efficiency in sharing, and storing. Hence an element-based K-harmonic means clustering algorithm (CA) is proposed for the effective sharing of data among the entities along with an algorithm named underweight data block (UDB) for overcoming the obstacle of storage space. The performance metrics considered for the evaluation of the proposed framework are the sum of squared error (SSE), time complexity with respect to different m values, and storage complexity with CPU utilization. The results have experimented with MATLAB 2018a simulation environment. The proposed model has better sharing, and storing based on blockchain technology, which is appropriate IIoT.
Testing the thermal properties of modern ventilated facade fastening systems
Authors: Grabowski Mirosław , Poniewski Mieczysław E. , Wernik Jacek 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe study reported in this paper investigated a set of building fasteners used in ventilated facades. For the building fasteners actually present in the industrial market the values of the effective thermal conductivity were measured experimentally. These values were used next in numerical simulations run with COMSOL Multiphysics software application. The validation of the simulation model was done in specific additional experimental test. The paper presents a method of determining the effective thermal conductivity coefficient for fasteners with a novel design. Temperature distributions and heat fluxes were determined for different variants of multilayer walls with the fasteners. The calculation of the effective thermal conductivity coefficient for a structural profile is based on the heat balance of the measuring stand. The performed tests show not only an expected reduction in the coefficient value for structures in which stainless steel is used. The results also demonstrate that the fasteners with holes cut out in their structures have significantly lower effective thermal conductivity coefficients than those with solid walls. This effect can be justified by the formation of labyrinth-like narrowings extending the conductive heat flow path in the fastener. As a final result of the experimental tests and the COMSOL simulations the application of the effective thermal conductivity as the new indicator of a thermal effectiveness of building fasteners is proposed in industrial practice. Consequently the design of the building fasteners with various shapes of holes is recommended for improving their insulation features.
A novel NONO variant that causes developmental delay and cardiac phenotypes
Authors: Itai Toshiyuki , Sugie Atsushi , Nitta Yohei , Maki Ryuto , Suzuki Takashi , Shinkai Yoichi , Watanabe Yoshihiro , Nakano Yusuke , Ichikawa Kazushi , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Utsuno Yasuhiro , Koshimizu Eriko , Fujita Atsushi , Hamanaka Kohei , Uchiyama Yuri , Tsuchida Naomi , Miyake Noriko , Misawa Kazuharu , Mizuguchi Takeshi , Miyatake Satoko , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Drosophila behavior/human splicing protein family is involved in numerous steps of gene regulation. In humans, this family consists of three proteins: SFPQ, PSPC1, and NONO. Hemizygous loss-of-function (LoF) variants in NONO cause a developmental delay with several complications (e.g., distinctive facial features, cardiac symptoms, and skeletal symptoms) in an X-linked recessive manner. Most of the reported variants have been LoF variants, and two missense variants have been reported as likely deleterious but with no functional validation. We report three individuals from two families harboring an identical missense variant that is located in the nuclear localization signal, NONO: NM_001145408.2:c.1375C > G p.(Pro459Ala). All of them were male and the variant was inherited from their asymptomatic mothers. Individual 1 was diagnosed with developmental delay and cardiac phenotypes (ventricular tachycardia and dilated cardiomyopathy), which overlapped with the features of reported individuals having NONO LoF variants. Individuals 2 and 3 were monozygotic twins. Unlike in Individual 1, developmental delay with autistic features was the only symptom found in them. A fly experiment and cell localization experiment showed that the NONO variant impaired its proper intranuclear localization, leading to mild LoF. Our findings suggest that deleterious NONO missense variants should be taken into consideration when whole-exome sequencing is performed on male individuals with developmental delay with or without cardiac symptoms.
FAT1 expression in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) modulates proliferation and WNT signaling
Authors: Liebig Sven , Neumann Martin , Silva Patricia , Ortiz-Tanchez Jutta , Schulze Veronika , Isaakidis Konstandina , Schlee Cornelia , Schroeder Michael P. , Beder Thomas , Morris Luc G. T. , Chan Timothy A. , Bastian Lorenz , Burmeister Thomas , Schwartz Stefan , Gökbuget Nicola , Mochmann Liliana H. , Baldus Claudia D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1), a transmembrane protein, is frequently mutated in various cancer types and has been described as context-dependent tumor suppressor or oncogene. The FAT1 gene is mutated in 12–16% of T-cell acute leukemia (T-ALL) and aberrantly expressed in about 54% of T-ALL cases contrasted with absent expression in normal T-cells. Here, we characterized FAT1 expression and profiled the methylation status from T-ALL patients. In our T-ALL cohort, 53% of patient samples were FAT1 positive (FAT1pos) compared to only 16% FAT1 positivity in early T-ALL patient samples. Aberrant expression of FAT1 was strongly associated with FAT1 promotor hypomethylation, yet a subset, mainly consisting of TLX1-driven T-ALL patient samples showed methylation-independent high FAT1 expression. Genes correlating with FAT1 expression revealed enrichment in WNT signaling genes representing the most enriched single pathway. FAT1 knockdown or knockout led to impaired proliferation and downregulation of WNT pathway target genes (CCND1, MYC, LEF1), while FAT1 overexpressing conveyed a proliferative advantage. To conclude, we characterized a subtype pattern of FAT1 gene expression in adult T-ALL patients correlating with promotor methylation status. FAT1 dependent proliferation and WNT signaling discloses an impact on deeper understanding of T-ALL leukemogenesis as a fundament for prospective therapeutic strategies.
White spot syndrome virus impact on the expression of immune genes and gut microbiome of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon
Authors: Jatuyosporn Thapanan , Laohawutthichai Pasunee , Romo Juan Pablo Ochoa , Gallardo-Becerra Luigui , Lopez Filiberto Sánchez , Tassanakajon Anchalee , Ochoa-Leyva Adrian , Krusong Kuakarun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiome plays an essential role in the immune system of invertebrates and vertebrates. Pre and pro-biotics could enhance the shrimp immune system by increasing the phenoloxidase (PO), prophenoloxidase (ProPO), and superoxide dismutase activities. During viral infection, the host immune system alteration could influence the gut microbiome composition and probably lead to other pathogenic infections. Since the JAK/STAT pathway is involved in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, we investigated the intestine immune genes of STAT-silenced shrimp. During WSSV infection, expression levels of PmVago1, PmDoral, and PmSpätzle in PmSTAT-silenced shrimp were higher than normal. In addition, the transcription levels of antimicrobial peptides, including crustinPm1, crustinPm7, and PmPEN3, were higher in WSSV-challenged PmSTAT-silenced shrimp than the WSSV-infected normal shrimp. Meanwhile, PmSTAT silencing suppressed PmProPO1, PmProPO2, and PmPPAE1 expressions during WSSV infection. The microbiota from four shrimp tested groups (control group, WSSV-infected, PmSTAT-silenced, and PmSTAT-silenced infected by WSSV) was significantly different, with decreasing richness and diversity due to WSSV infection. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes was reduced in WSSV-challenged shrimp. However, at the species level, P. damselae, a pathogen to human and marine animals, significantly increased in WSSV-challenged shrimp. In constrast, Shewanella algae, a shrimp probiotic, was decreased in WSSV groups. In addition, the microbiota structure between control and PmSTAT-silenced shrimp was significantly different, suggesting the importance of STAT to maintain the homeostasis interaction with the microbiota.
Under-ice observations by trawls and multi-frequency acoustics in the Central Arctic Ocean reveals abundance and composition of pelagic fauna
Authors: Ingvaldsen Randi B. , Eriksen Elena , Gjøsæter Harald , Engås Arill , Schuppe Birte Katarina , Assmann Karen M. , Cannaby Heather , Dalpadado Padmini , Bluhm Bodil A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rapid ongoing changes in the Central Arctic Ocean call for baseline information on the pelagic fauna. However, sampling for motile organisms which easily escape vertically towed nets is challenging. Here, we report the species composition and catch weight of pelagic fishes and larger zooplankton from 12 trawl hauls conducted in ice covered waters in the Central Arctic Ocean beyond the continental slopes in late summer. Combined trawl catches with acoustics data revealed low amounts of fish and zooplankton from the advective influenced slope region in the Nansen Basin in the south to the ice-covered deep Amundsen Basin in the north. Both arctic and subarctic-boreal species, including the ones considered as Atlantic expatriate species were found all the way to 87.5o N. We found three fish species (Boreogadus saida, Benthosema glaciale and Reinhardtius hippoglossoides), but the catch was limited to only seven individuals. Euphausiids, amphipods and gelatinous zooplankton dominated the catch weight in the Nansen Basin in the mesopelagic communities. Euphausiids were almost absent in the Amundsen Basin with copepods, amphipods, chaetognaths and gelatinous zooplankton dominating. We postulate asymmetric conditions in the pelagic ecosystems of the western and eastern Eurasian Basin caused by ice and ocean circulation regimes.
Overlapping brain correlates of superior cognition among children at genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease and/or major depressive disorder
Authors: Petrican Raluca , Paine Amy L. , Escott-Price Valentina , Shelton Katherine H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEarly life adversity (ELA) tends to accelerate neurobiological ageing, which, in turn, is thought to heighten vulnerability to both major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The two conditions are putatively related, with MDD representing either a risk factor or early symptom of AD. Given the substantial environmental susceptibility of both disorders, timely identification of their neurocognitive markers could facilitate interventions to prevent clinical onset. To this end, we analysed multimodal data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study (ages 9–10 years). To disentangle genetic from correlated genetic-environmental influences, while also probing gene-adversity interactions, we compared adoptees, a group generally exposed to substantial ELA, with children raised by their biological families via genetic risk scores (GRS) from genome-wide association studies. AD and MDD GRSs predicted overlapping and widespread neurodevelopmental alterations associated with superior fluid cognition. Specifically, among adoptees only, greater AD GRS were related to accelerated structural maturation (i.e., cortical thinning) and higher MDD GRS were linked to delayed functional neurodevelopment, as reflected in compensatory brain activation on an inhibitory control task. Our study identifies compensatory mechanisms linked to MDD risk and highlights the potential cognitive benefits of accelerated maturation linked to AD vulnerability in late childhood.
A magnetic resonance imaging based radiomics model to predict mitosis cycles in intracranial meningioma
Authors: Krähling Hermann , Musigmann Manfred , Akkurt Burak Han , Sartoretti Thomas , Sartoretti Elisabeth , Henssen Dylan J. H. A. , Stummer Walter , Heindel Walter , Brokinkel Benjamin , Mannil Manoj 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based radiomics model to predict mitosis cycles in intracranial meningioma grading prior to surgery. Preoperative contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1CE) cerebral MRI data of 167 meningioma patients between 2015 and 2020 were obtained, preprocessed and segmented using the 3D Slicer software and the PyRadiomics plugin. In total 145 radiomics features of the T1CE MRI images were computed. The criterion on the basis of which the feature selection was made is whether the number of mitoses per 10 high power field (HPF) is greater than or equal to zero. Our analyses show that machine learning algorithms can be used to make accurate predictions about whether the number of mitoses per 10 HPF is greater than or equal to zero. We obtained our best model using Ridge regression for feature pre-selection, followed by stepwise logistic regression for final model construction. Using independent test data, this model resulted in an AUC (Area under the Curve) of 0.8523, an accuracy of 0.7941, a sensitivity of 0.8182, a specificity of 0.7500 and a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.5576. We analyzed the performance of this model as a function of the number of mitoses per 10 HPF. The model performs well for cases with zero mitoses as well as for cases with more than one mitosis per 10 HPF. The worst model performance (accuracy = 0.6250) is obtained for cases with one mitosis per 10 HPF. Our results show that MRI-based radiomics may be a promising approach to predict the mitosis cycles in intracranial meningioma prior to surgery. Specifically, our approach may offer a non-invasive means of detecting the early stages of a malignant process in meningiomas prior to the onset of clinical symptoms.
A missing dusk-side loss process in the terrestrial electron ring current
Authors: Haas Bernhard , Shprits Yuri Y. , Allison Hayley J. , Wutzig Michael , Wang Dedong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Earth’s magnetic field traps charged particles which are transported longitudinally around Earth, generating a near-circular current, known as the ring current. While the ring current has been measured on the ground and space for many decades, the enhancement of the ring current during geomagnetic storms is still not well understood, due to many processes contributing to its dynamics on different time scales. Here, we show that existing ring current models systematically overestimate electron flux observations of 10–50 keV on the nightside during storm onset. By analyzing electron drift trajectories, we show that this systematic overestimation of flux can be explained through a missing loss process which operates in the pre-midnight sector. Quantifying this loss reveals that the theoretical upper limit of loss has to be reached over a broad region of space in order to reproduce the observations. This missing loss may be attributed to inaccuracies in the parameterization of the loss due to chorus wave interactions, combined with the scattering by electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic waves which is currently not included in ring current models.