bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nexus between carbon emission, energy use, and health expenditure: empirical evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Raihan Asif , Farhana Sadia , Muhtasim Dewan Ahmed , Hasan Md Ahsan Ul , Paul Arindrajit , Faruk Omar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBangladesh is facing a conundrum in figuring out how to improve public health while simultaneously reducing the environmental pollution. To alleviate the pressure from the high healthcare expenditure in Bangladesh, environmental management efforts to improve the quality of the environment need to be developed with the help of understanding the nexus between carbon emission, energy use, and health expenditure. In a society that is experiencing quick and difficult environmental problems due to rising energy demand, the current study focused on evaluating the effects of carbon dioxide emissions, fossil fuel energy use, and renewable energy use on health expenditure in Bangladesh. Time series data were analyzed from the year 2000 to 2020 using the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares technique. The findings revealed that a 1% increase in carbon dioxide emissions and fossil fuel energy use will increase health expenditure by 0.95% and 2.67%, respectively. Furthermore, a 1% increase in renewable energy use may result in reduced health expenditure by 1.44% in the long run. This article provides policy recommendations to ensure environmental sustainability and healthcare facilities by lowering carbon emission in Bangladesh. This research would be helpful for designing a proactive health scheme to counteract the emerging health consequences of environmental pollution in Bangladesh.
Graphical Abstract
National wellbeing and macro talent management revisited: issues of convergence and moderating role of natural resource endowment in developing countries
Authors: Anlesinya Alex , Amponsah-Tawiah Kwesi , Adom Philip Kofi , Damoah Obi Berko Obeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Management scholarship targeted at addressing grand societal problems such as national wellbeing is very few and remains highly fragmented. Hence, this study examines macro talent management (MTM) on national wellbeing and the moderating role of natural resource endowment (NRE). It applies dynamic system generalised method of moments estimator to longitudinal data from 78 developing countries. The results show that MTM can improve subjective and economic national wellbeing. Also, NRE positively moderates the relationship between MTM and national wellbeing facets. Besides, convergence in both subjective and economic national wellbeing is possible, driven significantly by MTM but with heterogeneous regional paths. This study contributes to talent management and wellbeing theories at the macro-level, and further demonstrates that countries can achieve national wellbeing synergies because of MTM practices. Moreover, it incorporates NRE as a macro-level boundary condition into the human capital theory to demonstrate that NRE complements MTM to accelerate national wellbeing facets.
Lower bounds on Hilbert–Kunz multiplicities and maximal F-signatures
Authors: JEFFRIES JACK , NAKAJIMA YUSUKE , SMIRNOV ILYA , WATANABE KEI–ICHI , YOSHIDA KEN–ICHI 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHilbert–Kunz multiplicity and F-signature are numerical invariants of commutative rings in positive characteristic that measure severity of singularities: for a regular ring both invariants are equal to one and the converse holds under mild assumptions. A natural question is for what singular rings these invariants are closest to one. For Hilbert–Kunz multiplicity this question was first considered by the last two authors and attracted significant attention. In this paper, we study this question, i.e., an upper bound, for F-signature and revisit lower bounds on Hilbert–Kunz multiplicity.
Terrorist Attacks Against COVID-19-Related Targets during the Pandemic Year 2020: A Review of 165 Incidents in the Global Terrorism Database
Authors: De Cauwer Harald , Barten Dennis G. , Tin Derrick , Mortelmans Luc J. , Lesaffre Bart , Somville Francis , Ciottone Gregory R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic enabled a situational type of terrorism with mixed racist, anti-government, anti-science, anti-5G, and conspiracy theorist backgrounds and motives.Objective:The objective of this study was to identify and characterize all documented COVID-19-related terrorist attacks reported to the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) in 2020.Methods:The GTD was searched for all COVID-19-related terrorist attacks (aimed at patients, health care workers, and at all actors involved in pandemic containment response) that occurred world-wide in 2020. Analyses were performed on temporal factors, location, target type, attack and weapon type, attacker type, and number of casualties or hostages. Ambiguous incidents were excluded if there was doubt about whether they were exclusively acts of terrorism.Results:In total, 165 terrorist attacks were identified. With 50% of incidents, Western Europe was the most heavily hit region of the world. Nonetheless, most victims were listed in Southeast Asia (19 fatalities and seven injured). The most frequent but least lethal attack type concerned arson attacks against 5G telephone masts (105 incidents [60.9%] with only one injured). Armed assaults accounted for most fatalities, followed by assassinations. Incendiary and firearms were the most devastating weapon types.Conclusion:This analysis of the GTD, which identified 165 COVID-19-related terrorist attacks in 2020, demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic truly resulted in new threats for COVID-19 patients, aid workers, hospitals, and testing and quarantine centers. It is anticipated that vaccination centers have become a new target of COVID-19-related terrorism in 2021 and 2022.
How about choosing environmentally friendly beef? Exploring purchase intentions among Italian consumers
Authors: Stranieri Stefanella , Ricci Elena Claire , Stiletto Alice , Trestini Samuele 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The increasing global demand for livestock products and its large environmental impact ask for urgent policy and managerial strategies. With regard to meat consumption, feasible actions relate to its reduction and orienting consumers toward more sustainable meat choices. The aim of the study is to investigate the determinants affecting meat consumers in their intention to buy beef whose label clearly expresses environmentally friendly characteristics. To do so, we hypothesized to apply an institutional system of ecological labeling on beef products. An extended framework based on the Theory of Planned Behavior was applied to understand the factors affecting the consumer decision-making process toward eco-labeled beef. A survey was conducted with 1139 consumers in Italy. Data were analyzed by means of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation models. Results highlight that beef consumers are likely to change their habits, in favor of more sustainable beef choices. The analysis highlights that, together with consumer attitudes, social norms and perceived behavioral control, institutional trust and food shopping habits play an important role in activating the consumer's cognitive decision-making process toward more sustainable beef. Results add to the literature on the determinants of green food-choices and introduce new insights on the role of institutional trust in the intention to buy beef labeled with a public standard. Findings highlight that particular attention should be devoted to build trust for public institutions in order to promote sustainable food consumption behavior. Moreover, results validate previous studies on the effectiveness of information-based policies in fostering more sustainable consumption choices.
The Big Lie: Expressive Responding and Misperceptions in the United States
Authors: Fahey James J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMisinformation about events surrounding the 2020 election and the COVID-19 pandemic pose an existential threat to American democracy and public health. Public opinion surveys reveal that high percentages of Republicans indicate that they endorse some aspects of mistaken beliefs surrounding election fraud in the 2020 election. Still, understanding how to measure the endorsement of misperceptions is critical for understanding the threat at hand. Are high levels of mistaken beliefs genuinely held, or are they partially a function of expressive responding? I address this question through a set of survey experiments encouraging accuracy-oriented processing among the general public. Using well-powered surveys of Republicans and Independents, I find that treatments designed to encourage more accurate responses are ineffective in reducing the endorsement of partisan electoral and public health misperceptions and can in some cases even backfire. These findings suggest that support for these misperceptions is genuinely held.
Five-Factor Model Personality Domains and Facets Associated With Markers of Cognitive Health
Authors: Sutin Angelina R. , Luchetti Martina , Aschwanden Damaris , Sesker Amanda A. , Zhu Xianghe , Stephan Yannick , Terracciano Antonio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract: Using a diverse, age-stratified sample ( N = 3,478; age range: 18–90), this study examines the cross-sectional association between five-factor model personality traits – domains and facets – and three measures of cognitive health – processing speed, visuospatial ability, subjective memory – and whether these associations vary by age, race, and ethnicity. Consistent with the literature on personality and cognitive health, higher openness and conscientiousness were associated with better cognitive performance and subjective memory, whereas higher neuroticism was associated with slower processing speed and worse subjective memory but was unrelated to visuospatial ability. Moderation analyses suggested some associations were stronger in midlife compared to younger and older adulthood but were generally similar across race and ethnicity. The facet-level analyses indicated the components of each domain most strongly associated with cognitive function (e.g., the responsibility facet of conscientiousness) and suggested some differences across facets within the same domain (e.g., depression was associated with worse performance, whereas anxiety was unrelated to performance; sociability was the only facet of extraversion associated with worse performance). The present research is consistent with the larger literature on personality and cognition and extends it by documenting similarities and differences across facets and demographic groups.
Support for Freedom of Speech and Concern for Political Correctness
Authors: Drieghe Louise , Roets Arne , De keersmaecker Jonas , Van Hiel Alain , Bostyn Dries 
Published: December 2022

Abstract: Freedom of speech and political correctness are recurrent and contentious topics in contemporary society. The present study ( N = 300 North-American adults) aimed to advance empirical knowledge on these issues by investigating how cognitive ability and trait emotional intelligence predict individuals’ support for freedom of speech and concern for political correctness, considering empathy and intellectual humility as mediating variables. We demonstrate that both trait emotional intelligence and cognitive ability uniquely predict less concern for political correctness and more support for freedom of speech. Mediation through empathy slightly suppressed the effects of cognitive ability and emotional intelligence on concern for political correctness, whereas intellectual humility no longer served as a mediating variable in the overall path analysis. Possible mechanisms, implications, and avenues for future research are discussed.
Upgrades to the MAVEN Echelle Data Reduction Pipeline: New Calibration Standard and Improved Faint Emission Detection Algorithm at Lyman‐α
Authors: Mayyasi M. , Clarke J. , Bertaux J.‐L. , Deighan J. , Bhattacharyya D. , Chaffin M. , Jain S. , Schneider N. , Curry S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission instrument suite includes an ultraviolet echelle spectrograph with high‐spectral resolution designed to resolve D and H Lyman‐α emissions. The high‐spectral resolution mode was previously characterized in the lab and in the cruise phase to Mars and had been calibrated using observations and models of interplanetary hydrogen Lyman‐α emissions. This work presents improved characterizations of the high‐spectral resolution mode using in‐orbit observations that allow for more robust detections of the faint D Lyman‐α emission line. Additionally, the instrument was re‐calibrated using simultaneous and comparable observations made with the Hubble Space Telescope high‐spectral resolution instrument. Comparisons to Lyman‐α observations made with the low‐resolution UV channel on the spectrometer, that had been calibrated with stars, showed consistency in the brightness values for measurements obtained at similar observational conditions. The combined upgrades to the faint‐emission fitting and new calibration techniques of the MAVEN echelle channel have resulted in an improved data‐reduction pipeline with favorable implications for the science utility of D and H Lyman‐α emissions.
Hydrothermal Friction Experiments on Simulated Basaltic Fault Gouge and Implications for Megathrust Earthquakes
Authors: Okuda Hanaya , Niemeijer André R. , Takahashi Miki , Yamaguchi Asuka , Spiers Christopher J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNucleation of earthquake slip at the plate boundary fault (décollement) in subduction zones has been widely linked to the frictional properties of subducting sedimentary facies. However, recent seismological and geological observations suggest that the décollement develops in the subducting oceanic crust in the depth range of the seismogenic zone, at least in some cases. To understand the frictional properties of oceanic crustal material and their influence on seismogenesis, we performed hydrothermal friction experiments on simulated fault gouges of altered basalt, at temperatures of 100–550°C. The friction coefficient (μ) lies around 0.6 at most temperature conditions but a low μ down to 0.3 was observed at the highest temperature and lowest velocity condition. The velocity dependence of μ, (a−b), changes with increasing temperature from positive to negative at ∼100°C and from negative to positive at ∼450°C. Compared to gouges derived from sedimentary facies, the altered basalt gouge showed potentially unstable velocity weakening over a wider temperature range. Microstructural observations and microphysical interpretation infer that competition between dilatant granular flow and viscous compaction through pressure‐solution creep of albite contributed to the observed transition in (a−b). Alteration of oceanic crust during subduction produces fine grains of albite and chlorite through interactions with interstitial water, leading to reduction in its frictional strength and an increase in its seismogenic potential. Therefore, shear deformation possibly localizes within the altered oceanic crust leading to a larger potential for the nucleation of a megathrust earthquake in the depth range of the seismogenic zone.
Intradecadal Fluctuations and Three‐Dimensional Crustal Kinematic Deformation of the Tianshan and Pamir Derived From Multi‐Geodetic Imaging
Authors: Pan Yuanjin , Jiang Weiping , Ding Hao , Shum C. K. , Jiao Jiashuang , Li Jiangtao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe uplift of the Tianshan and Pamir Mountains/Areas are caused by active intracontinental tectonic movements. The dynamic mechanism is controversial and has aroused great interest among scholars. In this study, we investigate the present three‐dimensional (3‐D) crustal deformation in the Tianshan and Pamir areas from multi‐geodetic observations from 2002 to 2021. The continuous water deficit throughout Tianshan and Pamir locates mainly in glacier‐covered areas, at a total rate of −0.8 cm w.e./yr, inducing spatial surface uplifting at rates of ∼0.2–0.5 mm/yr. These Global Positioning System (GPS)‐derived velocities in the vertical deformation of the Tianshan and Pamir were corrected based on surface elastic loading models and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow‐On (GRACE/GFO)‐inferred hydrological loading deformation, and interpolated using the GPS imaging method for a higher 3‐D crustal deformation spatial resolution. In conclusion, surface hydrology is one of the driven factors affecting the regional vertical velocity field observed by GPS. The kinematic crustal shortening and vertical tectonic uplift are integrated within different blocks, which illustrate the contemporary dynamics throughout the Tianshan and Pamir. The relevant spatial characteristics between the 3‐D crustal deformation and dynamic tomography along the Tianshan indicate that the relatively weaker lithosphere beneath the central Tianshan is subject to strong compression, which induces the present‐day crustal uplift.
The Malolotsha Klippe: Large‐Scale Subhorizontal Tectonics Along the Southern Margin of the Archean Barberton Greenstone Belt, Eswatini
Authors: Heubeck Christoph , Thomsen Tonny B. , Heredia Benjamin D. , Zeh Armin , Balling Philipp 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhether Archean tectonics were horizontally or vertically dominated is controversially discussed because arguments bear on the kinematics and thermal state of the Archean mantle and constrain the mode of formation of the earliest continental crust. Highly deformed strata of Archean greenstone belts figure prominently in this debate because they record long periods of time and multiple deformation phases. Among the best‐preserved greenstone belts counts the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB) of southern Africa. Geological mapping of part of the southern BGB in Eswatini (Swaziland), combined with U‐Pb zircon dating, shows that the region preserves a tightly re‐folded imbricate thrust stack in which metavolcanic and ‐volcaniclastic strata of the Onverwacht Group, deposited at 3.34–3.29 Ga, have been thrust on top of ca. 3.22 Ga siliciclastic strata of the Moodies Group. The structurally highest element, the Malolotsha Syncline, forms a tectonic klippe of substantial size and is >1,450 m thick. Forward modeling of a balanced cross section indicates that this thrust stack was part of a northwestward‐verging orogen along the southern margin of the BGB and records a minimum horizontal displacement of 33 km perpendicular to its present‐day faulted, ductily strained and multiply metamorphosed margin. Because conglomerate clasts indicate a significantly higher degree of prolate strain which extends further into the BGB than at its northern margin, late‐stage tectonic architecture of the BGB may be highly asymmetrical. Our study documents that the BGB, and perhaps other Archean greenstone belts, preserves a complex array of both vertically‐ and horizontally‐dominated deformation styles that have interfered with each other at small regional and short temporal scales.
Intrapore Geometry and Flow Rate Controls on the Transition of Non‐Fickian to Fickian Dispersion
Authors: Bradley Jacob , Singh Kuldeep , Wang Lichun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHydraulic heterogeneity leads to non‐Fickian transport characteristics, which cannot be entirely accounted for by the continuum‐scale advection‐dispersion equation. In this pore‐scale computational study, we investigate the combined effects of flow rate (i.e., Peclet number, Pe) and first‐order hydraulic heterogeneity, that is, resulting from intrapore geometry exclusively, on the transition from non‐Fickian to Fickian dispersion. A set of intrapore geometries is designed and quantified by a dimensionless pore geometry factor (β), which accounts for a broad range of pore shapes likely found in nature. Navier‐Stokes and Advection‐Diffusion equations are solved numerically to study the transport phenomenon using velocity variance, residence time distribution, and coefficients of hydrodynamic dispersion and dispersivity. We determine the length scale (i.e., the linear distance in flow direction) for each pore shape and Pe when non‐Fickian features transition to the Fickian transport regime by incrementally extending the length, that is, the linear array of pores. We show how velocity distribution and variance (σ2) depend on β, and directly control the transition to Fickian dispersion. Pores with a larger β, that is, complex pore shapes with constricted pore‐body or with “slit‐type” attributes, result in a substantial non‐Fickian characteristics. The magnitude of non‐Fickian characteristics gets amplified with an increase in Pe requiring a significantly longer length scale, that is, up to 1 m or a linear array of 500 pores to transition to the Fickian transport regime. We find the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient (Dh) exponentially depends on the pore shape factor β, with its exponent dependent on flow rate or Pe. We determine constitutive relations to quantify how σ2, β, and Pe, contribute to the degree of non‐Fickian characteristics, the length scale needed for the transition to Fickian transport regime, asymptotic Dh, and the length‐scale dependence of longitudinal dispersivity.
Insights into divalent cation regulation and G13-coupling of orphan receptor GPR35
Authors: Duan Jia , Liu Qiufeng , Yuan Qingning , Ji Yujie , Zhu Shengnan , Tan Yangxia , He Xinheng , Xu Youwei , Shi Jingjing , Cheng Xi , Jiang Hualiang , Eric Xu H. , Jiang Yi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEndogenous ions play important roles in the function and pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with limited atomic evidence. In addition, compared with G protein subtypes Gs, Gi/o, and Gq/11, insufficient structural evidence is accessible to understand the coupling mechanism of G12/13 protein by GPCRs. Orphan receptor GPR35, which is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and is closely related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), stands out as a prototypical receptor for investigating ionic modulation and G13 coupling. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of G13-coupled GPR35 bound to an anti-allergic drug, lodoxamide. This structure reveals a novel divalent cation coordination site and a unique ionic regulatory mode of GPR35 and also presents a highly positively charged binding pocket and the complementary electrostatic ligand recognition mode, which explain the promiscuity of acidic ligand binding by GPR35. Structural comparison of the GPR35–G13 complex with other G protein subtypes-coupled GPCRs reveals a notable movement of the C-terminus of α5 helix of the Gα13 subunit towards the receptor core and the least outward displacement of the cytoplasmic end of GPR35 TM6. A featured ‘methionine pocket’ contributes to the G13 coupling by GPR35. Together, our findings provide a structural basis for divalent cation modulation, ligand recognition, and subsequent G13 protein coupling of GPR35 and offer a new opportunity for designing GPR35-targeted drugs for the treatment of IBDs.