bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of high‐pressure homogenization on Ca2+‐induced gel formation of soybean 11 S globulin
Authors: Sun Bingyu , Gu Xuelian , Wang Fengqiujie , Liu Linlin , Huang Yuyang , Gao Yuan , Lü Mingshou , Zhu Ying , Shi Yanguo , Zhu Xiuqing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐pressure homogenization (HPH) is commonly used as a non‐thermal processing technique for soybean and soy protein products, and the preparation of soy protein gel products often requires the synergistic effect of HPH and heat treatment. The dissociative association behavior of 11 S is the key to the protein gel formation state. In this study, therefore, 11 S thermal gels were prepared by high‐pressure homogenization and co‐induction (90 °C, 30 min) (adding Ca2+ to promote gel formation before heat treatment), and the effects of different high‐pressure homogenization pressures (0–100 MPa) and co‐treatment on the dissociative association behavior of 11 S protein, gel properties, and microstructure of 11 S gels were investigated.ResultsThe results showed that HPH at higher pressures led to the breaking of disulfide bonds of aggregates and disrupted non‐covalent interactions in protein aggregates, leading to collisions between protein aggregates and the reduction of large protein aggregates. High‐pressure homogenization treatment at 60 MPa improved the gel properties of 11 S more. The HPH combined with heating changed the binary and tertiary structure of 11 S soy globulin and enhanced the hydrophobic interaction between 11 S molecules, thus improving the gel properties of 11 S. The change in intermolecular forces reflected the positive effect of HPH treatment on the formation of denser and more homogeneous protein gels.ConclusionIn conclusion, high‐pressure homogenization combined with heating can improve the properties of 11 S gels by changing the structure of 11 S protein, providing data and theoretical support for soy protein processing and its further applications. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparing fecal DNA capture‐recapture to mark‐resight for estimating abundance of mule deer on winter ranges
Authors: Stewart Andi M. , Conner Mary M. , McKeever Jane S. , Ellsworth Alisa , Crowhurst Rachel S. , Epps Clinton W. , Stephenson Thomas R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMonitoring big game populations is necessary for making well‐informed management decisions. In the eastern Sierra Nevada in California, USA, mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) herds have been monitored using traditional mark‐resight methods on winter ranges since the 1990s. Although mark‐resight methods work well for estimating abundance, animal capture for marking is expensive, invasive, and risky. We were motivated to evaluate fecal DNA‐based capture‐recapture for estimating abundance on winter ranges based on the effectiveness of this new technique in other populations in California. This method has been successful for estimating abundance when animals are concentrated around a required resource or pellets are collected from game trails, but it has not been evaluated using randomly selected transects on winter ranges where traditional methods work well. We compared precision (CV) and cost of fecal DNA capture‐recapture surveys to aerial mark‐resight surveys for estimating population abundance. In the Round Valley and Goodale study areas in the eastern Sierra Nevada, we conducted annual aerial mark‐resight surveys and collected fecal pellet samples in Round Valley during winter 2020. We genotyped fecal DNA from pellets to identify unique individuals and sex. Population abundance estimates from aerial mark‐resight surveys were more precise in Round Valley (CV = 6.6%) compared to abundance estimates from fecal DNA capture‐recapture (CV = 20.4%). But based on simulations from Round Valley data, to obtain the same CV (CV = 10%), fecal DNA capture‐recapture was about 63% less expensive than aerial mark‐resight using very high frequency collars and 70% less expensive than aerial mark‐resight using global positioning system collars. In contrast, fecal DNA capture‐recapture did not succeed in the Goodale study area because of weather and logistical constraints. Determining which method is best depends on the situation, but fecal DNA capture‐recapture provides another tool for estimating population size on winter range. We conclude that fecal DNA capture‐recapture is a cost‐effective alternative for estimating abundance of ungulates on winter ranges when weather is not limiting and when researchers can survey an adequate proportion of the study area and collect an adequate number of samples.
Effect of Junction Aggregation on the Dynamics of Supramolecular Polymers and Networks
Authors: Ahmadi Mostafa , Jangizehi Amir , Saalwächter Kay , Seiffert Sebastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTransient structures based on associative polymers can deliver complex functions; as such, they hold promise for advanced applications as in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and electronics. The network structure and timescale of its rearrangement are key factors that define their range of utility. However, the inevitable phase separation of polar pairwise associations from nonpolar polymer chains frequently causes junction aggregation, whose stability and functionality significantly affect the network structure and dynamics, and as such, redefine its utility. Engineering the extent of association is a necessity for controlling properties of supramolecular materials, yet the current knowledge of the effect of design parameters on specificities of aggregates and their consequent effects on material properties is limited. To address this gap, the importance of aggregation is highlighted, the available theories and models of the dynamics of associative polymers in the presence of aggregates are reviewed, and the existing experimental records to draw a general guideline for interpreting the effect of aggregates on polymer dynamics are classified. Moreover, pitfalls and considerations like the applicability of time–temperature superposition, and the interplay of kinetics and thermodynamics of aggregation that may undermine the authenticity of the reported data are reviewed.
Musielak–Orlicz Hardy space estimates for commutators of Calderón–Zygmund operators
Authors: Huy Duong Quoc , Ky Luong Dang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLet and T be a δ‐Calderón–Zygmund operator. When and , it is well‐known (see the work by Harboure, Segovia, and Torrea [Illinois J. Math. 41 (1997), no. 4, 676–700]) that the commutator is not bounded from the Hardy space into the Lebesgue space if b is not a constant function. Let φ be a Musielak–Orlicz function satisfying that, for any , belongs to the Muckenhoupt weight class with the critical weight exponent and is an Orlicz function with the critical lower type . In this paper, we find a proper subspace of such that, if then is bounded from the Musielak–Orlicz Hardy space into the Musielak–Orlicz space . Conversely, if and the commutators of the classical Riesz transforms are bounded from into , then . Our results generalize some recent results by Huy and Ky [Vietnam J. Math. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10013‐020‐00406‐2] and Liang, Ky, and Yang [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 144 (2016), no. 12, 5171–5181].
Clavicular reconstruction utilizing free fibula flap with periosteal extension
Authors: O'Neill Rebecca , Skochdopole Anna , Grush Andrew E. , Atassi Omar H. , Maricevich Marco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClavicular reconstruction is typically managed conservatively. Despite demonstrating improving outcomes, including range of motion and pain, there are currently no published reports of acute reconstruction with vascularized free fibula flaps (VFFF) or vascularized periosteal extensions in adult patients with clavicular defects. VFFFs have been utilized to correct critical bony defects of the clavicle and chronic nonunions; however, descriptions following acute trauma are rare. Bony union enhancement with periosteal extension has been described in both pediatric and adult populations, but never in the case of clavicular reconstruction. Herein, we seek to fill this gap in the literature by describing the acute reconstruction of a 6.5 cm bony gap in a 29‐year‐old male following a gunshot wound to the chest, utilizing a 6.5 cm VFFF with periosteal extension, and inset to the internal mammary vessels. The postoperative course was uncomplicated, with bony consolidation noted by 10 weeks, and full, pain‐free range of motion at 8 months, showing this technique may be a viable option following acute trauma.
Automatic segmentation of thrombosed aortic dissection in post‐operative CT‐angiography images
Authors: Feng Hanying , Fu Zheng , Wang Yulin , Zhang Puming , Lai Hao , Zhao Jun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeThe thrombus in the false lumen (FL) of aortic dissection (AD) patients is a meaningful indicator to determine aortic remodeling but difficult to measure in clinic. In this study, a novel segmentation strategy based on deep learning was proposed to automatically extract the thrombus in the FL in post‐operative computed tomography angiography (CTA) images of AD patients, which provided an efficient and convenient segmentation method with high accuracy.MethodsA two‐step segmentation strategy was proposed. Each step contained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to segment the aorta and the thrombus, respectively. In the first step, a CNN was used to obtain the binary segmentation mask of the whole aorta. In the second step, another CNN was introduced to segment the thrombus. The results of the first step were used as additional input to the second step to highlight the aorta in the complex background. Moreover, skip connection attention refinement (SAR) modules were designed and added in the second step to improve the segmentation accuracy of the thrombus details by efficiently using the low‐level features.ResultsThe proposed method provided accurate thrombus segmentation results (0.903 ± 0.062 in dice score, 0.828 ± 0.092 in Jaccard index, and 2.209 ± 2.945 in 95% Hausdorff distance), which showed improvement compared to the methods without prior information (0.846 ± 0.085 in dice score) and the method without SAR (0.899 ± 0.060 in dice score). Moreover, the proposed method achieved 0.967 ± 0.029 and 0.948 ± 0.041 in dice score of true lumen (TL) and patent FL (PFL) segmentation, respectively, indicating the excellence of the proposed method in the segmentation task of the overall aorta.ConclusionsA novel CNN‐based segmentation framework was proposed to automatically obtain thrombus segmentation for thrombosed AD in post‐operative CTA images, which provided a useful tool for further application of thrombus‐related indicators in clinical and research application.
A high‐efficient excitation‐detection thermoacoustic imaging probe for breast tumor detection
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Ren Mingyang , Wang Yu , Qin Huan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMicrowave‐induced thermoacoustic (TA) imaging (MTAI) is a promising alternative to biomedical imaging due to its high resolution, deep imaging depth, and minimal biohazard. To provide images of different anatomical regions and apply them to different clinical scenarios, the development of miniaturized portable TA probes is imperative.PurposeThis study is aimed to propose a highly efficient handheld non‐reflective microwave‐acoustic coaxial TA probe to advance the translation of MTAI for the clinical use.MethodsThe TA probe integrates a hollowed microwave antenna with a forward radiating uniform microwave field and a linear ultrasonic transducer array which is placed in the hole in the middle of the antenna that has almost no effect on the microwave distribution. The integrated probe was evaluated for properties, including the excitation efficiency of the microwave and the reception efficiency of the acoustic signal. Finally, an isolated EMT6 cell tumor was embedded in a sheep mammary gland to simulate the natural breast tumor environment, and the tumor was detected with the proposed MTAI probe to evaluate its practical feasibility.ResultsCompared with the previous TA imaging probe, it has improved the detection efficiency of TA signals by up to 41%, contributing to an improved signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the image. The proposed TA probe successfully detected tumors embedded in the breast with a contrast ratio 3.27 times higher than the surrounding tissue in phantom experiments.ConclusionThe proposed TA probe with the features of microwave illumination and ultrasonic detection of coaxial, avoiding TA signal attenuation due to reflection, enables high‐efficient TA signal excitation and detection. The proposed TA probe is essential for improving the excitation and detection efficiency of TA signals, and increasing the flexibility of the probe, providing a bright future for the clinical application of MTAI technology.
Evaluation and control of inventory distribution systems with quantity based shipment consolidation
Authors: Malmberg Filip , Marklund Johan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractJoint consideration of inventory and shipment decisions is an important aspect of obtaining economically and environmentally sustainable distribution systems. We consider this issue in the context of a one‐warehouse‐multiple‐retailer inventory system with quantity‐based shipment consolidation to groups of nonidentical retailers facing Poisson demand. The system is centralized, with free information sharing and access to real‐time point of sale data. Thus, demand information at the retailers is immediately conveyed upstream to the warehouse without any fixed ordering costs. However, fixed costs associated with handling and transporting goods from the warehouse to the retailers are reflected in the shipment consolidation policy. Stock replenishments at the warehouse are made from an outside supplier/manufacturer according to an (R, Q) policy. For this system, we derive an exact recursive method for determining the inventory level distributions at the retailers. This allows us to evaluate the expected inventory and shipment costs, fill‐rates, and transport emissions for the entire system. We also show how to optimize the system by providing bounds on the optimal shipment quantities and the warehouse reorder level.
A pressure‐robust weak Galerkin finite element method for Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Mu Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, we develop and analyze a novel numerical scheme for the steady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations by the weak Galerkin methods. By employing the divergence‐preserving velocity reconstruction operator, our algorithm can achieve pressure‐robustness, which means, the velocity error is independent of the pressure and the irrotational body force. Error analysis has been established to show the rate of convergence. Numerical experiments are presented to validate the theoretical conclusions.
Efficient Removal of Mercury from Polluted Aqueous Solutions Using the Wireless Bipolar Electrochemistry Technique
Authors: Fattah Zahra Ali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMercury represents one of the major toxic pollutants in water that affect human and ecosystem. Extensive efforts have been globally invested to remove mercury using various chemical and electrochemical approaches. In this study, I propose the use of bipolar electrochemistry for the first time for mercury depollution process. Mercury(II) is removed from aqueous solutions by direct electrodeposition on millimeter scale graphite rods held in a bipolar setup. By adjusting the strength of the applied electric field and the number of the graphite rods the efficiency of the system can be controlled. This wireless technique allows the use of multiple graphite rod arrays within the bulk cell which resulted in high removal efficiency (98 %) of Hg2+ ions from the polluted solution. The method is straightforward, green, and efficient. The concept can be adapted to remove other heavy metal ions or electrochemically active contaminants from polluted water as long as their reduction potentials are within the water stability window.
Impact of COVID‐19 on a worksite weight loss program for employees with overweight and obesity
Authors: Lee Che Young , Robertson Michael C. , Servino Kendahl , Le Thuan , Raber Margaret , Oestman Katherine , Basen‐Engquist Karen M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic has been shown to be negatively associated with physical activity engagement, adherence to healthy diet, and weight management among people with obesity. The current study examined COVID‐19‐related changes in weight, physical activity (PA), and diet among employees with obesity or overweight who participated in Vibrant Lives (VL), a worksite weight loss program.MethodsSchool district employees participated in the 6‐month VL weight loss program and were categorized into non‐COVID‐era participants and COVID‐era participants. Participants completed questionnaires about PA and dietary intake at baseline and follow‐up. COVID‐era participants reported the effects of pandemic on their behaviors. Changes in weight, PA, and diet were compared between groups using multilevel linear mixed models and logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 266 participants (non‐COVID, n = 173; COVID, n = 93) were included. Significant weight loss (non‐COVID, −2.3 kg vs. COVID, −1.3 kg) and increases in moderate‐to‐vigorous PA minutes (non‐COVID, 48.7 min vs. COVID, 61.5 min) were observed associated with the program, but no significant differences in changes between the groups were found. Compared to non‐COVID participants, COVID participants decreased fast food consumption (p = 0.008) and increased sugar‐sweetened beverage intake (p = 0.016). Higher frequency of snacking and overeating were reported as barriers to a healthy diet.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 pandemic was negatively associated with healthful dietary behaviors. The information obtained from participants regarding the reasons for their pandemic‐related changes in diet may help identify strategies to encourage healthier behaviors and weight management among people who have been negatively affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Impact and Friction Sensitivities of PETN: II. Sensitivities of the Acidic Material During Manufacturing
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Lemarchand Guillaume , Lenz Tobias , Mühlemann Moritz , Stierstorfer Jörg , Venetz Fabian , Weber Ralf , Wutke Jens 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this second part of our work on the sensitivity of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) the investigations focus on the manufacturing process. Literature about the explosive during production is very rare and optimization or changes in the process demand more in‐depth knowledge of the safety parameters. Therefore, the industrial process is imitated in a small‐scale laboratory reactor. Then impact and friction sensitivities of emergency drowned, spent acid wet and acid washed PETN are investigated. In advance, PETN samples were taken from the filter of the SSE production and measured in the same manner. It becomes clear at which point a sensitive material is expected in the process. The data will improve handling safety and plant design.
DPAM: A domain parser for AlphaFold models
Authors: Zhang Jing , Schaeffer R. Dustin , Durham Jesse , Cong Qian , Grishin Nick V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe recent breakthroughs in structure prediction, where methods such as AlphaFold demonstrated near‐atomic accuracy, herald a paradigm shift in structural biology. The 200 million high‐accuracy models released in the AlphaFold Database are expected to guide protein science in the coming decades. Partitioning these AlphaFold models into domains and assigning them to an evolutionary hierarchy provide an efficient way to gain functional insights into proteins. However, classifying such a large number of predicted structures challenges the infrastructure of current structure classifications, including our Evolutionary Classification of protein Domains (ECOD). Better computational tools are urgently needed to parse and classify domains from AlphaFold models automatically. Here we present a Domain Parser for AlphaFold Models (DPAM) that can automatically recognize globular domains from these models based on inter‐residue distances in 3D structures, predicted aligned errors, and ECOD domains found by sequence (HHsuite) and structural (Dali) similarity searches. Based on a benchmark of 18,759 AlphaFold models, we demonstrate that DPAM can recognize 98.8% of domains and assign correct boundaries for 87.5%, significantly outperforming structure‐based domain parsers and homology‐based domain assignment using ECOD domains found by HHsuite or Dali. Application of DPAM to the massive AlphaFold models will enable efficient classification of domains, providing evolutionary contexts and facilitating functional studies.
SOX9 and HMGB3 co‐operatively transactivate NANOG and promote prostate cancer progression
Authors: Xu Yunyi , Xu Miao , Li Xinglan , Weng Xin , Su Zhengzheng , Zhang Mengni , Tan Junya , Zeng Hao , Li Xun , Nie Ling , Gong Jing , Chen Ni , Chen Xueqin , Zhou Qiao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe homeodomain‐containing transcription factor NANOG is overexpressed in prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) and predicts poor prognosis. The SOX family transcription factor SOX9, as well as the transcription co‐activator HMGB3 of the HMGB family, are also overexpressed and may play pivotal roles in PCa. However, it is unknown whether SOX9 and HMGB3 interact with each other, or if they regulate NANOG gene transcription.MethodsWe identified potential SOX9 responsive elements in NANOG promoter, and investigated if SOX9 regulated NANOG transcription in co‐operation with HMGB3 by experimental analysis of potential SOX9 binding sites in NANOG promoter, reporter gene transcription assays with or without interference or artificial overexpression of SOX9 and/or HMGB3, and protein‐binding assays of SOX9‐HMGB3 interaction. Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of SOX9‐HMGB3 overexpression in PCa was analyzed.ResultsSOX9 activated NANOG gene transcription by preferentially binding to a highly conserved consensus cis‐regulatory element (−573 to −568) in NANOG promoter, and promoted the expression of NANOG downstream oncogenic genes. Importantly, HMGB3 functioned as a partner of SOX9 to co‐operatively enhance transactivation of NANOG by interacting with SOX9, predominantly via the HMG Box A domain of HMGB3. Overexpression of SOX9 and/or HMGB3 enhanced PCa cell survival and cell migration and were significantly associated with PCa progression. Notably, Cox proportional regression analysis showed that co‐overexpression of both SOX9 and HMGB3 was an independent unfavorable prognosticator for both CRPC‐free survival (relative risk [RR] = 3.779，95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.159–12.322, p = 0.028) and overall survival (RR = 3.615，95% CI: 1.101–11.876, p = 0.034).ConclusionsThese findings showed a novel SOX9/HMGB3/NANOG regulatory mechanism, deregulation of which played important roles in PCa progression.