bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early versus delayed coronary angiography in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and no ST-segment elevation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hamidi Fardin , Anwari Elaaha , Spaulding Christian , Hauw-Berlemont Caroline , Vilfaillot Aurélie , Viana-Tejedor Ana , Kern Karl B. , Hsu Chiu-Hsieh , Bergmark Brian A. , Qamar Arman , Bhatt Deepak L. , Furtado Remo H. M. , Myhre Peder L. , Hengstenberg Christian , Lang Irene M. , Frey Norbert , Freund Anne , Desch Steffen , Thiele Holger , Preusch Michael R. , Zelniker Thomas A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent randomized controlled trials did not show benefit of early/immediate coronary angiography (CAG) over a delayed/selective strategy in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and no ST-segment elevation. However, whether selected subgroups, specifically those with a high pretest probability of coronary artery disease may benefit from early CAG remains unclear.

Methods
We included all randomized controlled trials that compared a strategy of early/immediate versus delayed/selective CAG in OHCA patients and no ST elevation and had a follow-up of at least 30 days. The primary outcome of interest was all-cause death. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated and pooled across trials. Interaction testing was used to assess for heterogeneity of treatment effects.

Results
In total, 1512 patients (67 years, 26% female, 23% prior myocardial infarction) were included from 5 randomized controlled trials. Early/immediate versus delayed/selective CAG was not associated with a statistically significant difference in odds of death (OR 1.12, 95%-CI 0.91–1.38), with similar findings for the composite outcome of all-cause death or neurological deficit (OR 1.10, 95%-CI 0.89–1.36). There was no effect modification for death by age, presence of a shockable initial cardiac rhythm, history of coronary artery disease, presence of an ischemic event as the presumed cause of arrest, or time to return of spontaneous circulation (all P-interaction > 0.10). However, early/immediate CAG tended to be associated with higher odds of death in women (OR 1.52, 95%-CI 1.00–2.31, P = 0.050) than in men (OR 1.04, 95%-CI 0.82–1.33, P = 0.74; P-interaction 0.097).

Conclusion
In OHCA patients without ST-segment elevation, a strategy of early/immediate versus delayed/selective CAG did not reduce all-cause mortality across major subgroups. However, women tended to have higher odds of death with early CAG.

Graphical abstract
Exploratory analyses on the effect of time since last meal on concentrations of amino acids, lipids, one-carbon metabolites, and vitamins in the Hordaland Health Study
Authors: Anfinsen Åslaug Matre , Rosendahl-Riise Hanne , Nygård Ottar , Tell Grethe Seppola , Ueland Per Magne , Ulvik Arve , McCann Adrian , Dierkes Jutta , Lysne Vegard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dietary intake may have pronounced effects on circulating biomarker concentrations. Therefore, the aim was to provide a descriptive overview of serum metabolite concentrations in relation to time since last meal, focusing on amino acids, lipids, one-carbon metabolites, and biomarkers of vitamin status.

Methods
We used baseline data from the observational community-based Hordaland Health Study, including 2960 participants aged 46–49 years and 2874 participants aged 70–74 years. A single blood draw was taken from each participant, and time since last meal varied. Estimated marginal geometric mean metabolite concentrations were plotted as a function of time since last meal, up to 7 h, adjusted for age, sex, and BMI.

Results
We observed a common pattern for nearly all amino acids and one-carbon metabolites with highest concentrations during the first 3 h after dietary intake. Homocysteine and cysteine were lowest the 1st hour after a meal, while no patterns were observed for glutamate and glutamic acid. The concentrations of phylloquinone and triglycerides were highest 1 h after dietary intake. Thiamine and thiamine monophosphate concentrations were highest, while flavin mononucleotide concentrations were lowest within the first 2 h after a meal. No clear patterns emerged for the other fat-soluble vitamins, blood lipids, or B-vitamin biomarkers.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that distinguishing between “fasting” and “non-fasting” blood samples may be inadequate, and a more granular approach is warranted. This may have implications for how to account for dietary intake when blood sampling in both clinical and research settings.
Evaluation of swallowing in children with higher grades glottic web
Authors: El-Sobki Ahmed , AE Ibrahim Reham , Elzayat Saad , El-Deeb Mohamed E. , Ashraf Bassem , Hashish Menna Ibrahim , Alsobky Mahmoud Elsaid Ibrahim , Salamah Abeer 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
to evaluate the swallowing function in children with higher grades of glottic web and to detect the impact of surgical division of the glottic web on the swallowing parameters. We also performed a voice analysis as a secondary objective in this study.

Methods
This prospective case series study included 12 children with higher grades of the glottic web; grades 3 and 4. Evaluation of the swallowing function was done by clinical swallowing evaluation including symptoms and signs of swallowing dysfunction during feeding, such as vomiting, coughing, choking, or cyanosis, and bedside swallowing assessment using the 3-oz water swallow test. Instrumental evaluation of swallowing function was performed using flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). The evaluation was performed both preoperatively and postoperatively.

Results
The number of children suffering from swallowing difficulties significantly increased during the postoperative evaluation where 6 (50%) children demonstrated choking during feeding after the surgical division of the web in comparison to only 3 (25%) preoperatively. Also, coughing and choking during the 3-oz water swallow test significantly increased following the division of the web with P < 0.001.

Conclusion
Swallowing assessment is mandatory as children with higher grades of the glottic web, requiring reconstructive surgeries, are at risk of swallowing deficit which can be aggravated postoperatively. With improvement in the airway and surgery-specific outcomes, swallowing function is an important secondary outcome that has a significant impact on the lives of these kids and their families.
Inclusion body myositis with early onset: a population-based study
Authors: Lindgren Ulrika , Hedberg-Oldfors Carola , Pullerits Rille , Lindberg Christopher , Oldfors Anders 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Inclusion body myositis (IBM), an inflammatory myopathy with progressive weakness without efficient treatment, typically presents after 45 years of age and younger patients are sparsely studied.

Methods
In a population-based study during a 33-year period, 142 patients with IBM were identified in western Sweden. Six patients fell outside the European Neuromuscular Centre 2011 criteria for IBM due to young age at symptom onset, verified by a muscle biopsy < 50 years of age. These were defined as early-onset IBM and included in this study. Medical records, muscle strength, comorbidities, muscle biopsies, and nuclear- and mitochondrial DNA were examined and compared with patients with IBM and age matched controls from the same population.

Results
The median age at symptom onset was 36 (range 34–45) years and at diagnosis 43 (range 38–58) years. Four patients were deceased at a median age of 59 (range 50–75) years. The median survival from diagnosis was 14 (range 10–18) years. The prevalence December 31 2017 was 1.2 per million inhabitants and the mean incidence 0.12 patients per million inhabitants and year. The mean decline in quadriceps strength ± 1 standard deviation was 1.21 ± 0.2 Newton or 0.91 ± 0.2% per month and correlated to time from diagnosis (p < 0.001). Five patients had swallowing difficulties. All patients displayed mitochondrial changes in muscle including cytochrome c oxidase deficiency and the mitochondrial DNA mutation load was high.

Conclusions
Early-onset IBM is a severe disease, causing progressive muscle weakness, high muscle mitochondrial DNA mutation load and a reduced cumulative survival in young and middle-aged individuals.
Prolonged exercise shifts ventilatory parameters at the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition
Authors: Stevenson Julian D. , Kilding Andrew E. , Plews Daniel J. , Maunder Ed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To quantify the effects of prolonged cycling on the rate of ventilation ($${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
˙

E

), frequency of respiration (FR), and tidal volume (VT) associated with the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition.

Methods
Fourteen endurance-trained cyclists and triathletes (one female) completed an assessment of the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition, determined as the first ventilatory threshold (VT1), before (PRE) and after (POST) two hours of moderate-intensity cycling. The power output, $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
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E

, FR, and VT associated with VT1 were determined PRE and POST.

Results
As previously reported, power output at VT1 significantly decreased by ~ 10% from PRE to POST. The $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
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E

associated with VT1 was unchanged from PRE to POST (72 ± 12 vs. 69 ± 13 L.min−1, ∆ − 3 ± 5 L.min−1, ∆ − 4 ± 8%, P = 0.075), and relatively consistent (within-subject coefficient of variation, 5.4% [3.7, 8.0%]). The $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
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E

associated with VT1 was produced with increased FR (27.6 ± 5.8 vs. 31.9 ± 6.5 breaths.min−1, ∆ 4.3 ± 3.1 breaths.min−1, ∆ 16 ± 11%, P = 0.0002) and decreased VT (2.62 ± 0.43 vs. 2.19 ± 0.36 L.breath−1, ∆ − 0.44 ± 0.22 L.breath−1, ∆ − 16 ± 7%, P = 0.0002) in POST.

Conclusion
These data suggest prolonged exercise shifts ventilatory parameters at the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition, but $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
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E

remains stable. Real-time monitoring of $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

V
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E

may be a useful means of assessing proximity to the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition during prolonged exercise and is worthy of further research.
Expression of posterior Hox genes and opisthosomal appendage development in a mygalomorph spider
Authors: Janssen Ralf , Pechmann Matthias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpiders represent an evolutionary successful group of chelicerate arthropods. The body of spiders is subdivided into two regions (tagmata). The anterior tagma, the prosoma, bears the head appendages and four pairs of walking legs. The segments of the posterior tagma, the opisthosoma, either lost their appendages during the course of evolution or their appendages were substantially modified to fulfill new tasks such as reproduction, gas exchange, and silk production. Previous work has shown that the homeotic Hox genes are involved in shaping the posterior appendages of spiders. In this paper, we investigate the expression of the posterior Hox genes in a tarantula that possesses some key differences of posterior appendages compared to true spiders, such as the lack of the anterior pair of spinnerets and a second set of book lungs instead of trachea. Based on the observed differences in posterior Hox gene expression in true spiders and tarantulas, we argue that subtle changes in the Hox gene expression of the Hox genes abdA and AbdB are possibly responsible for at least some of the morphological differences seen in true spiders versus tarantulas.
Carboxyhemoglobin as biomarker of late-onset sepsis in preterm infants
Authors: Dani Carlo , Remaschi Giulia , Monti Nicolò , Pratesi Simone 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCarboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is considered a biomarker of oxidative stress and previous studies reported an increase in COHb levels in preterm infants who develop late-onset sepsis (LOS). Our aim was to assess the correlation between COHb levels and the risk for LOS development. We retrospectively studied 100 preterm infants, 50 in the LOS and 50 in the no LOS group. COHb levels were measured on the day of diagnosis of the first episode of LOS, 3, 2, and 1 days before and 1 and 4 days after the onset of LOS. Logistic regression analysis showed that a higher level of COHb 2 days before the diagnosis of LOS increases the risk for LOS development (OR 12.150, 95% Cl 1.311–12.605; P = 0.028). A COHb level of 1.55% measured 2 days before the diagnosis of LOS is the best predictive threshold for LOS with a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 70%. Conclusion: Increased levels of COHb may predict the diagnosis of LOS in very preterm infants with a good accuracy. If further studies confirm our findings, this easy-to-measure biomarker could provide neonatologists with another tool for monitoring and early diagnosis of sepsis in high-risk patients.

What is Known:• Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is a biomarker of oxidative stress.• Previous studies reported an increase in COHb levels in preterm infants who develop late-onset sepsis (LOS).

What is New:• COHb levels increased two days before the diagnosis of LOS and this increase was associated with the risk for developing LOS.• ROC curve analysis for COHb measured two days before the diagnosis of LOS showed that 1.55% is the best predictive threshold for LOS with a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 70%.
Identification of variants in genes associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Mexican patients
Authors: García-Vielma Catalina , Lazalde-Córdova Luis Gerardo , Arzola-Hernández José Cruz , González-Aceves Erick Noel , López-Zertuche Herminio , Guzmán-Delgado Nancy Elena , González-Salazar Francisco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of this work was to identify genetic variants in Mexican patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). According to world literature, the genes mainly involved are MHY7 and MYBPC3, although variants have been found in more than 50 genes related to heart disease and sudden death, and to our knowledge there are no studies in the Mexican population. These variants are reported and classified in the ClinVar (PubMed) database and only some of them are recognized in the Online Mendelian Information in Men (OMIM). The present study included 37 patients, with 14 sporadic cases and 6 familial cases, with a total of 21 index cases. Next-generation sequencing was performed on a predesigned panel of 168 genes associated with heart disease and sudden death. The sequencing analysis revealed twelve (57%) pathogenic or probably pathogenic variants, 9 of them were familial cases, managing to identify pathogenic variants in relatives without symptoms of the disease. At the molecular level, nine of the 12 variants (75%) were single nucleotide changes, 2 (17%) deletions, and 1 (8%) splice site alteration. The genes involved were MYH7 (25%), MYBPC3 (25%) and ACADVL, KCNE1, TNNI3, TPM1, SLC22A5, TNNT2 (8%). In conclusion; we found five variants that were not previously reported in public databases. It is important to follow up on the reclassification of variants, especially those of uncertain significance in patients with symptoms of the condition. All patients included in the study and their relatives received family genetic counseling.
Percutaneous endoscopic cecostomy for management of Ogilvie’s syndrome: a case series and literature review with an update on current guidelines (with video)
Authors: Vanek Petr , Urban Ondrej , Falt Premysl 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Percutaneous endoscopic cecostomy (PEC) is a viable treatment option for patients with persistent or recurrent acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO; Ogilvie’s syndrome). It should be generally considered in patients that are refractory to pharmacologic and endoscopic decompression, especially those not amenable to surgical intervention due to an increased perioperative risk. Physicians are rather unfamiliar with this approach given the limited number of reports in the literature and paucity of guideline resources, although guidelines concerning ACPO and covering the role of endoscopy were recently published by three major expert societies, all within the last 2 years.

Patients and methods
We retrospectively identified three consecutive patients who underwent PEC placement at a Czech tertiary referral center between May 2018 and December 2021: all for recurrent ACPO. In addition, we summarized the current guidelines in order to present the latest knowledge related both to the procedure and management approach in patients with ACPO.

Results
The placement of PEC was successful and resulted in clinical improvement in all cases without any adverse events.

Conclusion
The results of our experience are in line with previous reports and suggest that PEC may become a very useful tool in the armamentarium of modalities utilized to treat ACPO. Furthermore, the availability of guideline resources now offers comprehensive guidance for informed decision-making and the procedural aspects.
LPR: learning point-level temporal action localization through re-training
Authors: Fang Zhenying , Fan Jianping , Yu Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPoint-level temporal action localization (PTAL) aims to locate action instances in untrimmed videos with only one timestamp annotation for each action instance. Existing methods adopt the localization-by-classification paradigm to locate action boundaries in the temporal class activation map (TCAM) by thresholding, also known as TCAM-based method. However, TCAM-based methods are limited by the gap between classification and localization tasks, since TCAM is generated by a classification network. To address this issue, we propose a re-training framework for the PTAL task, also known as LPR. This framework consists of two stages: pseudo-label generation and re-training. In the pseudo-label generation stage, we propose a feature embedding module based on a transformer encoder to capture global context features and optimize pseudo-labels’ quality by leveraging point-level annotations. In the re-training stage, LPR uses the above pseudo-labels as supervision to locate action instances with a temporal action localization network rather than generating TCAMs. Furthermore, to alleviate the effects of label noise in the pseudo-labels, we propose a joint learning classification module (JLCM) in the re-training stage. This module contains two classification sub-modules that simultaneously predict action categories and are guided by a jointly determined clean set for network training. The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art localization performance on both the THUMOS’14 and BEOID datasets.
Subregion specific neuroadaptations in the female rat striatum during acute and protracted withdrawal from nicotine
Authors: Lagström Oona , Vestin Edvin , Söderpalm Bo , Ericson Mia , Adermark Louise 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEpidemiological studies and clinical observations suggest that nicotine, a major contributor of the global burden of disease, acts in a partially sex specific manner. Still, preclinical research has primarily been conducted in males. More research is thus required to define the effects displayed by nicotine on the female brain. To this end, female rats received 15 injections of either nicotine (0.36mg/kg) or saline, over a 3-week period and were then followed for up to 3 months. Behavioral effects of nicotine were assessed using locomotor activity measurements and elevated plus maze, while neurophysiological changes were monitored using ex vivo electrophysiological field potential recordings conducted in subregions of the dorsal and ventral striatum. Behavioral assessments demonstrated a robust sensitization to the locomotor stimulatory properties of nicotine, but monitored behaviors on the elevated plus maze were not affected during acute (24 h) or protracted (3 months) withdrawal. Electrophysiological recordings revealed a selective increase in excitatory neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens shell and dorsomedial striatum during acute withdrawal. Importantly, accumbal neuroadaptations in nicotine-treated rats correlated with locomotor behavior, supporting a role for the nucleus accumbens in behavioral sensitization. While no sustained neuroadaptations were observed following 3 months withdrawal, there was an overall trend towards reduced inhibitory tone. Together, these findings suggest that nicotine produces selective transformations of striatal brain circuits that may drive specific behaviors associated with nicotine exposure. Furthermore, our observations suggest that sex-specificity should be considered when evaluating long-term effects by nicotine on the brain.
Radiographic and immuno-histochemical evaluation of root perforation repair using MTA with or without platelet-rich fibrin or concentrated growth factors as an internal matrix in dog’s teeth: in vivo animal study
Authors: Mohamed Dalia Abd-Allah , Abdelwahab Safinaz AbdelFatah , Mahmoud Rania Hanafi , Taha Rasha Mohamed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo comparatively evaluate the in vivo outcome of MTA repair for contaminated and non-contaminated furcation perforations (FP) with or without PRF and CGF as a matrix in dogs’ teeth.MethodsNinety dog teeth were divided into five groups based on the iatrogenic FP repair approach after doing root canal treatment: negative control (without FP), positive control (FP without repair), MTA, MTA + PRF and MTA + CGF groups, where FP were repaired promptly in subdivision 1 (n = 10; non-contaminated) and after 4 weeks of oral contamination in subdivision 2 (n = 10;contaminated). After 3 months, the perforation site was assessed radiographically (vertical bone density), histologically (inflammatory cell count, epithelial proliferation, cementum and bone deposition) and immunohistochemically (OPN and TRAP antibodies localisation). Data collected were statistically analysed using SPSS software at a 0.05 significance level.ResultsThe MTA + PRF and MTA + CGF groups demonstrated significantly more bone formation, OPN immunolocalisation and fewer inflammatory cell counts than MTA group. MTA, MTA + PRF and MTA + CGF groups showed significantly favourable radiographic, histological and immunohistochemical healing features than the positive control, especially in non-contaminated subdivisions, that significantly showed better features than the contaminated subdivisions (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe use CGF and PRF as a matrix beneath MTA in FP repair in dog’s teeth is promising as it could increase hard and soft tissue regeneration in non-contaminated and contaminated perforations.Clinical relevanceThe repair of FP is challenging especially when associated with contaminated inter-radicular bone loss. Radiographic, histological and immunohistochemical comprehensive evaluation of the root and surrounding attachment apparatus response to different perforation repair protocols could give a predictable clinical outcome.