bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TLC Colombia – Estados Unidos: el tratado y su visión agrícola, retos, ventajas y problemáticas
Authors: Castro Peñuela Walter Oswaldo , Núñez Gutiérrez Diana Karina , Alfonso Hernández Oscar Andrés 
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo pretende mostrar los efectos jurídicos en el sector agrícola del TLC suscrito entre Colombia y Estados Unidos. Para poder dar razón de la eficacia o ineficacia del mismo, la investigación detalla el antes, durante y después de las negociaciones del tratado, lo que permitirá en una segunda parte detallar como el sector agrícola se ve afectado con su aplicación. Teniendo en cuenta el método de investigación planteado para el desarrollo de este escrito, como primer resultado cuantitativo es válido decir que los aspectos políticos y de negociación manifestado por los líderes políticos y sus mesas de negociación del momento, tenían una visión integradora del intercambio de productos, dando prioridad al sector agrícola, visión que buscaba claramente un mayor flujo y variedad de mercados para que fuera el consumidor quien eligiera partiendo de aspectos como la calidad y precio, algo que resulta atractivo para todos los sectores, sin embargo, al momento de expedir el documento final que jurídicamente regula dicho intercambio comercial, se puede evidenciar, como desde la parte de la producción hasta entrega final de una mercancía de origen agrícola, no existe efectivamente una paridad, pues los gobiernos influyen y apoyan de manera distinta los sectores productivos de su país, es allí, donde se refleja claramente una desventaja del productor Colombiano y su forma de competir con los bienes de origen estadounidense, es allí como segundo resultado, desde los analítico, se concluye que si bien es cierto la competencia y la apertura de nuevos mercados a través de los TLC es buena, deben existir mayores apoyos económicos, en capacitación y otros aspectos, que permitan a ese agricultor nacional competir de manera efectiva con los productos importados y generar una verdadera exportación de calidad competitiva en el mercado extranjero.
Factores de desempleo en los graduados y su incidencia en la sociedad
Authors: Toscano Morales Cecilia Catalina , López Villacis Isabel Cristina , Santana Mayorga Rita Cumandá , Ruiz Robalino Oscar Eduardo , Viera Guerrero Jenny del Pilar 
Published: May 2023

Este artículo tiene como finalidad analizar los factores que influyen en el desempleo y la incidencia en la sociedad. El desempleo es un mal que se encuentra presente en todo el mundo, en Ecuador más de 160.000 personas pierden su trabajo pleno cada año, y esta situación se agrava con el pasar de los años pese a que el gobierno implementa medidas para mitigar, dentro del país, personas que han alcanzado un título universitario se sienten decepcionadas por falta de plazas laborales es así que la población entre 15 y 34 años, es decir la población económicamente activa del país, representa un 61,9% de los desempleados y muchos de ellos cuentan con títulos de tercer nivel. Por otra parte, entre los años 2014, 2015 y 2016, mediante una evaluación se determinó que las 22 carreras de educación superior, principalmente técnicas, contribuyen en los 7 sectores productivos, donde en empleados en ocupaciones de alojamiento y servicio de comidas el 0,05% corresponde a los graduados; en empleados en ocupaciones de servicios administrativos y de apoyo el 0,21% son graduados; en empleados en creación el 1.045% son graduados; de los empleados en industrias manufactureras el 0.19% son graduados; de los empleados en ocupaciones de alojamiento el 0.23% son graduados; de los empleados en abastecimiento de electricidad, gas, vapor y aire acondicionado el 0.66% son graduados y de los empleados en transporte y almacenamiento el 0.185 son graduados.
Guru Ghasidas Ji, The pioneer of Social, Religious and Economic Movement in Chhattisgarh
Authors: Ganesh Koshle  , Ghanshyam Dubey  
Published: May 2023

At that time in Chhattisgarh, the life of innumerable Dalit, exploited, oppressed people was very miserable. Untouchability, high-low discrimination was prevailing in the society. The tradition of human sacrifice and animal sacrifice was prevalent in the temples in the name of religion. Maths and temples had become centers of incest, exploitation of women was seen in temples, people were being cheated in the name of superstitions like Tantra-Mantra, Tonhi, Baiga, Pangha etc.
The form of religious practice had become very distorted, people were consuming meat and alcohol in the guise of righteousness. The people here were very troubled by the loot and terror of the kings, feudatories, pindaris, subedars, the rent and revenue collection had broken their back. At such a time Saint Shiromani Guru Ghasidas ji was born on the land of Chhattisgarh in village Giroudpur. He established 'Satnam Panth' and he rejected the dominance of Brahminism and opposed the caste system dividing into varnas.
Gave the message of 'man-man is equal' against casteism, untouchability, caste disparities prevailing in the society. Every person in the society has a socially equal status. Guru Ghasidas prohibited idol worship. He made a significant contribution in generating a new thinking and idea in the society.
Modern Sanskrit Children's Literature
Authors: Hemraj Saini  
Published: May 2023

In the modern poetry world, the use of the word 'literature' by the poets is considered in the sense of poetry. In the past, the noun 'poetry' actually used to express poet-action - kaveh karma kavyam.
In the modern context, the word 'literature' used in place of poetry has been used in three senses on the basis of evidence of practical experiments-

Firstly - on the evidence of 'Sahityapathonidhimanthannottham Kavyamritam Rakshat he Kavindra': The meaning of the word literature is very wide, that is, the word literature is also used in the meaning of all written oral literature.
Secondly - 'Sahitye Sukumarvastuni Dharvannayagrahagranthile', on the evidence of this statement of Shri Harsha, the word literature is used in the sense of a special 'poetry', a part of literature.
Thirdly - In 'Sahityavidyashramvarjiteshu.....' the word literature has been used in the combined sense of poetry and poetry.

In modern life, the word literature or poetry expresses the same feeling in Sanskrit... 'Sahiten Bhavah Sahityam'. In fact, 'poetry' or 'literature' is defined in different contexts from ancient poets to modern poets. In the context of literature, Acharya Bhamah of Kavyashastra has the opinion that- “Shabdharthau sahitau kavyam.”1
That is, the meaning of the meaning is poetry. The association of semantics is visible in practical sentences and sentences based on classical or scientific thinking. But the association of poetry is different from this. In fact, the feeling of Bhamaha word meaning which is called literature is an excellent quality of co-feeling. That association should be such that on the one hand the reader receives derived opinion in various purusharths, as well as the hearty child, the young man i.e. the poetry connoisseur gets joy and happiness.
Zingiber Macradenium K. Schum, an Endemic Ginger From Sumatera: Traditional use and Antimicrobe Potential
Authors: Agustin Linda , Nurainas Nurainas , Syamsuardi Syamsuardi , Chairul Chairul 
Published: May 2023

The Zingiber genus has 84 species and varieties in the Malesia region, one of which is Zingiber macradenium K. Schum. This species is endemic to Sumatra. Zingiber macradenium K. Schum with the local name Lampuriang has been used as a toothache medicine by local people in several locations in West Sumatra. This study conducted in-depth interviews with 8 (eight) key informants who were guided by a questionnaire and the data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using the ICS (Index of Cultural Significance) and UV (Use Value) formulas, antibacterial test using the paper disc diffusion method. The results of the study show that the rhizome of Z. macradenium is used in addition to treating itching, lumbago and other uses by means of research. Antibacterial test showed potential as an antibacterial with a strong inhibitory diameter.
Editorial Note from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Toseef  
Published: May 2023

On behalf of the Board of the Administrative & Management Sciences Journal (www.home.mdripublishing.com) and our co-editors, we are pleased to announce to you Volume 1, Issue 1 of the journal. The journal established in 2022 has now published its first issue; two issues in a year. The journal is now getting to be indexed in different academic forums. We could reach this stage through the constant support of Board Members and the intellectual generosity of the readers and contributors (authors and reviewers).One of the objectives of this journal is to encourage publication from different streams of research that helps to enrich and further create and disseminate scientific knowledge to empower the nations. We take this opportunity to thank the authors for sending their work for publication.
We have enriched our editorial board for addressing the gaps and further enriching this journal. I am glad that Professor Dr. Abdul Halim Busari has joined as Associate Editor of this journal. I am sure with the efforts of the Editorial Board; the journal will be able to strengthen its links with the scientific community. Also joining the editorial team is Dr. Mahad Jehangir (Copy/Technical Editor), Dr. Saqib Yaqoob Malik (Production Editor). In addition Professor Dr. Bo Wang, Professor Ramayah Thurasamy, Dr. Komathi Wasudawan, Dr. Ahmad Usman Shahid, Dr. Salman, Dr. Adeel Paracha, Dr. Muhammad Imran, Dr. Qaiser Aman, Dr. Maria Sultana, Dr. Farhan Jalil as advisory board members. They have been actively involved in the journal since its inauguration. Interested readers can see the brief profiles of the Editor-in-Chief and associate editors in this inaugural issue (Dec 2022).We are thankful to the authors who contributed their scientific research work in Administrative & Management Sciences Journal for the Volume 1, Issue 1 for December 2022.
Análise financeira com utilização das redes neurais artificiais aplicadas ao setor de energia elétrica
Authors: Carneiro Júnior João Bosco Arbués , Alves Larissa Mariana Alencar , Nagayama Regina Rodrigues 
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho refere-se a coleta de dados financeiros relacionados ao processo de distribuição energética no Brasil com o auxílio e utilização de Redes Neurais Artificais (RNAs). Assim, o objetivo geral do artigo foi construir, treinar e validar um modelo de RNAs, com objetivo específico de verificar as correlações entre as variáveis selecionadas com significativa segurança. O software utilizado para se fazer as análises dos dados foi o SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, a fim de demonstrar o comportamento das variáveis independentes, o modelo apresentou valores e observações satisfatórias para sua validação. Os resultados apresentados se baseiam nos períodos de sua operacionalização, contendo perspectivas, avaliações e a importância dos gestores referente às situações futuras e habilidades financeiras que venham a influenciar o empreendimento da entidade. A análise das demonstrações financeiras tem a capacidade de colher das demonstrações financeiras informações produtivas aos usuários do ramo da contabilidade. Envolve elementos que são capazes de modificar o desempenho concreto que a empresa se encontra, sua capacidade de sustentabilidade e mudanças que possam ter no decorrer de suas atividades. Através da análise das demonstrações financeiras é possível se medir a situação da empresa através dos indicadores. Verificar o grau de liquidez, endividamento e as variações do patrimônio líquido durante os exercícios estudados, com o objetivo de encontrar mecanismos para tomada de decisões dos administradores. É permitido também comparar os índices de evolução ou de queda da entidade com o de outras empresas que operam com os mesmos ramos das atividades, a fim de manter os gestores informados com o andamento do mercado em que se atua.
La sociocritique à l’épreuve de l’histoire littéraire
Authors: Vaillant Alain 
Published: May 2023

La sociocritique a parfois été l’objet d’un malentendu méthodologique. En France, accueillie – souvent avec enthousiasme – par des herméneutes rompus aux subtilités de la microlecture, la sociocritique a quelquefois semblé servir à redonner du sang neuf à l’exercice canonique de l’explication de texte, joyau de la pédagogie républicaine. Or Claude Duchet faisait tout le contraire et son ambition était infiniment plus grande. Même si, à l’époque où il a conçu la sociocritique, il ne pouvait que mettre le texte au coeur de son dispositif théorique, la visée était bien d’ouvrir la littérature à l’espace infini du hors-texte. Dans sa Première leçon du cours de poétique, Valéry voulait restituer à la littérature, conçue comme « acte de l’esprit », son « atmosphère d’indétermination plus ou moins sensible » ; c’est à un travail analogue que se livre Claude Duchet, sauf qu’il substitue à l’indétermination délicieusement narcissique de la pensée individuelle la poussée obscure et confuse de l’historicité sous le texte, autour du texte, hors du texte – et, bien sûr, in fine, dans le texte. Ce en quoi la sociocritique devient pleinement histoire ou, du moins, campe résolument à l’intersection de l’histoire et de la critique, grâce à l’inlassable activité et à la parole vive de Claude Duchet qui fut, pour deux générations de dix-neuviémistes, un modèle socratique et une figure tutélaire.
Characterization of gut microbiota in adults with coronary atherosclerosis
Authors: Dong Yu , Xu Rui , Chen Xiaowei , Yang Chuanli , Jiang Fei , Shen Yan , Li Qiong , Fang Fujin , Li Yongjun , Shen Xiaobing 
Published: May 2023

Background
Cardiovascular disease, which is mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Gut microbiota likely play an important role in coronary atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the microbiota profile of adults with coronary atherosclerosis to provide a theoretical basis for future research.

Methods
Fecal samples were collected from 35 adult patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis and 32 healthy adults in Nanjing, China, and the V3-V4 region of 16S rDNA genes was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. Differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and gut microbiota composition between the two groups were then compared.

Results
A beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences between adults with coronary atherosclerosis and controls, but there was no statistical difference in alpha diversity between the two groups. There were also differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between the two groups. The genera, Megamonas, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Ruminococcus_torques_group, Prevotella_2, Tyzzerella_4, were identified as potential biomarkers for coronary atherosclerosis.

Conclusion
There are some differences in the gut microbiota of adults with coronary atherosclerosis compared to healthy adults. The insights from this study could be used to explore microbiome-based mechanisms for coronary atherosclerosis.
Constraints and Suggestions of the Respondents about Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in East Champaran District of Bihar
Authors: Singh Kunwar Devdat , Mazhar Syed H. 
Published: May 2023

The goal of the current study was to determine the obstacles and recommendations for the 2022–2023(December-February) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima yojana in the East Champaran region of Bihar. There was 120 randomly chosen respondents who completed a pre-tested schedule provided the data. The proper statistical tools were used to tabulate, analyses, and interpret the acquired data. According to the study, the majority of respondents (55.83%) were middle-aged, and (68.33) farmers held a medium amount of land. Farmers perceived major constraints Low premium paying capacity of member farmers of gram Panchayat, as a very serious problem by a number of respondents. With the majority of respondents having medium level economic motivation and risk orientation.
Job Satisfaction in Transitions into Self-employment: Subjective Evaluations
Authors: Sachitra Vilani , Silva Devni 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: In the current context, toxic workplaces are increasingly popular within organizations which lead to an increase in exhaustion and work related stress. Low staff morale, high employee turnover, low productivity, and poor work quality are just a few effects of this type of toxic workplace environments. Due to such negativity placed upon wage employment, people who are struggling are looking for better means of employment such as self-employment. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate how the transitions decision of self-employment over paid employment influences job satisfaction at the individual level.
Design: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. 15 individuals who have transitioned to self-employment were chosen on the basis of purposive sampling. Under the 3 main categories of self-employment, wage employment as well as job satisfaction, key findings were gathered, and conclusions were drawn based on the insights received from the interviewees.
Findings: Findings of this study clearly show that individuals are struggling due to the degradation of wage employment and eventually self-employments do attain job satisfaction comparative to wage employment.
Implications: The findings further important to individuals who are struggling at their workplace but has not made up their minds to transition to self-employment hence contemplating, to easily make their decisions and to get rid of their toxic workplace. The study provides advisable guidance to the individuals contemplating to transition from wage employment to self-employment.
Future Research Suggestions: Conducting more interviews is necessary to draw better conclusions on the subject. The job satisfaction can be a subjective concept therefore, different individuals may hold different opinions which may contradict with each other, therefore is important to do more research on the subject to get wider insights.
Enhancing Positive Attitude towards Learning STEM Subjects through Differentiated Instruction
Authors: Dorji Ugyen , Tenzin Sonam , Gyeltshen Tendrup , Lhamo Phub , Lhamo Yangchen , Wangmo Kezang , Tobgay Sonam , Nidup Dorji , Zangmo Yonten , Wangmo Tashi , Yeshi Sonam 
Published: May 2023

The study explored the effectiveness of differentiated instruction in enhancing positive attitude towards learning STEM subjects. It employed quantitative approach with purposive sampling method. A total of 102 students of grade IX participated in the study. The study found out the mean of the differences (pre-test and post-test) was 2.00 (SD = 1.9836) and the paired-samples t-test indicated that this mean of the differences is not significantly greater than zero. This indicated that the differentiated instruction was not effective in developing positive attitudes towards STEM learning.
It is recommended to have an intensive study on the differentiated instruction in enhancing positive attitude towards learning STEM subjects by taking small sample size with one specific STEM subject. Further, the present study focused on only some students of grade IX, a study may be carried out across schools to get a deep understanding of the subject.
Study of Potential Utility of Predictive Laboratory Parameters for Early Triage of SARI Patients
Authors: Shruti Dogra , Taruna Bansal , Devendar S. Chauhan , Vijay Kumar , Rajnish Kaushik , Arvind Achra 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The novel corona virus (COVID-19), which began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, has been declared pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11th March 2021. Till now, even when nations are in race for developing vaccine against COVID-19, diagnosing the cases and isolating them still remain the only way to contain the disease spread. Hence, effective triage of the suspected COVID 19 patients, becomes an effective tool in preventing disease spread, especially in developing nations. Simple hematological parameters like leukocyte counts, platelet counts, hemoglobin and parameters derived from complete blood counts namely NLR, derived NLR, PLR and liver function tests can be studied and analysed to differentiate COVID 19 patients from other non-COVID 19 Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) patients. These are the investigations at first point of contact with the patient and are relatively cost effective, keeping in mind the population of developing nations.
Patients and Methods: Retrospective case control study conducted over a period of one month including 286 consecutive Severe Acute Respiratory Illness(SARI) patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. The patients were divided into COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative groups based on their results of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19. The demographic data, and routine hematological and biochemical parameters including derived parameters like Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR ratio, Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and Prognostic nutrition index (PNI) were analyzed and compared between the two groups using SPSS version 23.0. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The COVID-19 positive patients had a significantly higher lymphocyte percentage (p value=0.017) and Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase(SGPT)( p value=0.033), and a significantly lower Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC)( p value= 0.023), NLR(p value=0.033) and platelet count(p valu=0.001). No significant difference in other haematological and biochemical parameters was found.
Conclusion: NLR, platelet count, lymphocyte percentage and SGPT are the simple laboratory biomarkers of inflammation that can be utilized for screening and triage in COVID 19 disease with variable sensitivity and specificity.
Assessment of Entomopathogenic Fungi for the Biocontrol of Sucking Insect Pests: Pertaining to Red Spider Mites (Tetranychus urticae)
Authors: Ranadev P. , Nagaraju K. , Muthuraju R. , Kumari R. Vasanth 
Published: May 2023

Aim: The study was undertaken to assess the efficiency and select the virulent entomopathogenic fungal isolates for the biological control of red spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) under in vitro conditions.
Place and Duration of Work: The study was carried out in the Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, India.
Methodology: A leaf disc bioassay was employed to assess the virulence of entomopathogenic fungal isolates isolated from 2 agro-climatic zones of Karnataka, India under In vitro conditions. The lethal concentration and lethal time were determined by obtaining the mortality data from various conidial concentrations and the data was analysed using Probit analysis. For molecular identification the fungal DNA was isolated through Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) extraction buffer, followed by purification through phenol/chloroform extraction and precipitation with isopropanol or ethanol, and the ITS regions of the 18S rDNA were amplificated using universal primers.
Results: Out of 81 fungal isolates, 16 (19.25%) showed insecticidal activity under in vitro conditions. The results of the in vitro studies revealed that two isolates, ENPF-8 and ENPF-58 had significantly higher mortality rates (93-95 %) against mites at a concentration of 1x108 conidia/ml after 9 days after treatment (DAT). The virulent fungal isolates were identified as Isaria fumosorosea (with accession no: MT997932) and Hirsutella thompsonii (MT997936) using the sequencing of the ITS region of the 18S rDNA gene. H. thompsonii (ENPF-58) was found to be more virulent against mites, with lower LC50 (7.6×105 conidia/ml) and LT50 (5.7, 5.89, and 5.99 days) values compared to the other EPF.
Conclusion: Based on results, it is evidenced that though all isolates caused mortality in the mite population but the percent mortality was varied. Based on these results, H. thompsonii (MT997935) and Isaria fumosorosea (MT997932) could be a promising biocontrol agent due to their high virulence against mites.