bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semi-Numerical Investigation of Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer of Magnetohydrodynamics Nano-Fluid Flow in Presence of Chemical Reaction Over a Non-Isothermal Porous Medium
Authors: Awati Vishwanath B. , Goravar Akash , N. Mahesh Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The technical brief presents, analysis of boundary layer flow and heat transfer in nanofluids under the influence of magnetic field, thermal radiation and chemical reaction over non-isothermal stretching surface through permeable porous medium. The self-similarity equations obtained from governing equations are solved using shifted Chebyshev and Haar wavelet collocation methods. The prescribed surface temperature, prescribed heat flux cases and impact of various flow governing parameters are discussed in detail. The established results are compared with earlier results and are comparable.
Hit, Miss, or Error? Predicting Errors in Design Decision Making for Radically Innovative Ideas Using Individual Attributes
Authors: Peng Aoran , Miller Scarlett R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Researchers and practitioners alike agree that for companies to survive and thrive they must develop and support radical innovation. However, these ideas are complex and risky, and not all succeed. Because of this, decision makers are often left to make hard decisions in terms of which ideas can move on and which are abandoned. The goal of this article was to provide evidence on the impact of individuals’ preferences for creativity on the effectiveness of their decision making for radical ideas using principles from signal detection theory (SDT). To do this, we used data from a previous study of 2252 idea evaluations by engineering students and classified these decisions based on SDT to see if we could predict the likelihood of occurrence of hit (correct identification), miss (type 1 error), false alarm (type II error), and correct rejection. The results showed that lower levels of risk tolerance resulted in an increased likelihood that a hit occurred. On the other hand, higher levels of motivation resulted in an increased likelihood of a type I error occurring, or that an individual would more likely neglect a good idea that had a high chance of future success. Finally, increased risk tolerance resulted in an increased likelihood that type II error occurred, or that an individual would expend resources on an idea with limited likelihood of success. The results serve as empirical evidence on decision making in radically innovative tasks and provide a methodology for studying decision making in innovative design.
Design and Analysis of a Reconfigurable Hybrid Robot for Machining of Large Workpieces
Authors: Xu Lingmin , Chai Xinxue , Ding Ye 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Large workpieces are important components of core equipment in aerospace and other fields, where the machining mainly focuses on the surfaces and inner cavities. However, it may be unsuitable for existing machining robots to directly achieve integrated machining, that is, not only the high-precision surface machining but also the machining of different inner cavities in a limited space. To satisfy these machining requirements, a new reconfigurable hybrid robot (RHR) is proposed, called the 3PRR-3PSS-UPU RHR, for machining the surface and inner cavity of large workpieces (where P, P, R, S, and U stand for the actuated prismatic joint, passive prismatic joint, revolute joint, spherical joint, and universal joint, respectively). The proposed RHR consists of two parallel manipulators (PMs), in which one is a spatial 3PRR PM with one translational degree-of-freedom (DOF) and the other is a 3PSS-UPU reconfigurable PM (RPM) with different configurations of two rotational and one translational (2R1T) DOFs using locking equipment, which is the main advantage of the designed robot. The inverse kinematics and singularities of two PMs are analyzed. The stiffness performance of the spatial 3PRR PM is compared with that of a moving slider with one translational DOF. By evaluating the workspace and motion/force transmissibility, the kinematic performance of two PMs is presented using several local and global indices, followed by the dimensional optimization of link parameters. Based on the structural characteristics and excellent performance, it can be inferred that the 3PRR-3PSS-UPU RHR has great potential for machining large workpieces.
Optimization of Geometrical Parameters of a Solar Collector Coupled With a Thermal Energy Storage System
Authors: Sebbar E. H. , Oubenmoh S. , Ait Msaad A. , Hamdaoui S. , Mahdaoui M. , El Rhafiki T. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Solar thermal collector is a device that converts solar radiation into useful thermal energy (heat). This technology has become mature and cost-effective. However, because its input comes from an intermittent source (sun), its production is variable during the day; also it is vulnerable to climatic conditions. To adopt this technology, it is therefore necessary to invest in energy storage means or to use a secondary energy source. In this work, a solar thermal collector has been studied and modeled. The objective of this study consists of: first, analyze the impact of the geometrical form of the absorbing surface on the solar collector's thermal performance. Three geometries are tested, namely flat, triangular, and corrugated. The solar collector is evaluated under a hot climate considering the meteorological data of Er-rachidia city (Morocco). The second part of the present study consists of integrating a latent heat storage system using phase change materials (PCMs) to store part of the heat and exploit it during the night. Integrating PCM in this system is a relevant technique to overcome the problem of intermittency of solar energy. Moreover, according to the findings of this study, a significant improvement of the solar collector thermal performance has been reached. The reduction of the missed thermal energy is from 5.6485 kW h to 4.4566 kW h with the use of PCM and the corrugated surface.
Penicillium
molds impact the transcriptome and evolution of the cheese bacterium
Staphylococcus equorum
Authors: Ye Ruby , Tomo Christopher , Chan Neal , Wolfe Benjamin E. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

The observation that
Penicillium
molds can inhibit the growth of
Staphylococcus
was a catalyst for the antibiotic revolution. Considerable attention has been paid to purified
Penicillium
metabolites that inhibit bacteria, but little is known about how
Penicillium
species impact the ecology and evolution of bacteria in multispecies microbial communities. Here, we investigated how four different species of
Penicillium
can impact global transcription and evolution of a widespread
Staphylococcus
species (
S. equorum
) using the cheese rind model microbiome. Through RNA sequencing, we identified a core transcriptional response of
S. equorum
against all five tested
Penicillium
strains, including upregulation of thiamine biosynthesis, fatty acid degradation, and amino acid metabolism as well as downregulation of genes involved in the transport of siderophores. In a 12-week evolution experiment where we co-cultured
S. equorum
with the same
Penicillium
strains, we observed surprisingly few non-synonymous mutations across
S. equorum
populations evolved with the
Penicillium
species. A mutation in a putative DHH family phosphoesterase gene only occurred in populations evolved without
Penicillium
and decreased the fitness of
S. equorum
when co-cultured with an antagonistic
Penicillium
strain. Our results highlight the potential for conserved mechanisms of
Staphylococcus–Penicillium
interactions and demonstrate how fungal biotic environments may constrain the evolution of bacterial species.

IMPORTANCE

Fungi and bacteria are commonly found co-occurring both in natural and synthetic microbiomes, but our understanding of fungal–bacterial interactions is limited to a handful of species. Conserved mechanisms of interactions and evolutionary consequences of fungal–bacterial interactions are largely unknown. Our RNA sequencing and experimental evolution data with
Penicillium
species and the bacterium
S. equorum
demonstrate that divergent fungal species can elicit conserved transcriptional and genomic responses in co-occurring bacteria.
Penicillium
molds are integral to the discovery of novel antibiotics and production of certain foods. By understanding how
Penicillium
species affect bacteria, our work can further efforts to design and manage
Penicillium
-dominated microbial communities in industry and food production.
Healthcare system’s preparedness to provide cardiovascular and diabetes-specific care in the context of geopolitical crises in Burkina Faso: a trend analysis from 2012 to 2018
Authors: Cissé Kadari , Samadoulougou Sékou , Kaboré Jean , Somda Paulin , Zongo Augustin , Traoré Soumaïla , Zabsonre Patrice , Yombi Jean Cyr , Kouanda Seni , Kirakoya-Samadoulougou Fati 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the trends of the availability and readiness of the healthcare system to provide cardiometabolic (cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes) services in Burkina Faso in multiple political and insecurity crises context.DesignWe performed a secondary analysis of repeated nationwide cross-sectional studies in Burkina Faso.Data sourceFour national health facility survey data (using WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool) conducted between 2012 and 2018 were used.ParticipantsIn 2012, 686 health facilities were surveyed, 766 in 2014, 677 in 2016 and 794 in 2018.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe main outcomes were the availability and readiness services indicators defined according to the SARA manual.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2018, the availability of CVD and diabetes services significantly increased (67.3% to 92.7% for CVD and 42.5% to 54.0% for diabetes). However, the mean readiness index of the healthcare system to manage CVD decreased from 26.8% to 24.1% (p for trend <0.001). This trend was observed mainly at the primary healthcare level (from 26.0% to 21.6%, p<0.001). For diabetes, the readiness index increased (from 35.4% to 41.1%, p for trend=0.07) during 2012–2018. However, during the crisis period (2014–2018), both CVD (27.9% to 24.1%, p<0.001) and diabetes (45.8% to 41.1%, p<0.001) service readiness decreased. At the subnational level, the readiness index for CVD significantly decreased in all regions but predominantly in the Sahel region, which is the main insecure region (from 32.2% to 22.6%, p<0.001).ConclusionIn this first monitoring study, we found a low level and decreased trend of readiness of the healthcare system for delivering cardiometabolic care, particularly during the crisis period and in conflicted regions. Policymakers should pay more attention to the impact of crises on the healthcare system to mitigate the rising burden of cardiometabolic diseases.
Catalytic effect of multisource feedback for trauma team captains: a mixed-methods prospective study
Authors: Allen Leah , Hall Andrew K , Braund Heather , Chaplin Timothy 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact and feasibility of multisource feedback compared with traditional feedback for trauma team captains (TTCs).DesignA mixed-methods, non-randomised prospective study.SettingA level one trauma centre in Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsPostgraduate medical residents in emergency medicine and general surgery participating as TTCs. Selection was based on a convenience sampling method.InterventionPostgraduate medical residents participating as TTCs received either multisource feedback or standard feedback following trauma cases.Main outcome measuresTTCs completed questionnaires designed to measure the self-reported intention to change practice (catalytic effect), immediately following a trauma case and 3 weeks later. Secondary outcomes included measures of perceived benefit, acceptability, and feasibility from TTCs and other trauma team members.ResultsData were collected following 24 trauma team activations: TTCs from 12 activations received multisource feedback and 12 received standard feedback. The self-reported intention for practice change was not significantly different between groups initially (4.0 vs 4.0, p=0.57) and at 3 weeks (4.0 vs 3.0, p=0.25). Multisource feedback was perceived to be helpful and superior to the existing feedback process. Feasibility was identified as a challenge.ConclusionsThe self-reported intention for practice change was no different for TTCs who received multisource feedback and those who received standard feedback. Multisource feedback was favourably received by trauma team members, and TTCs perceived multisource feedback as useful for their development.
Protocol for development of an assessment tool for competency of ECG interpretation: expert consensus by the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method and cross-sectional testing using multidimensional item response theory
Authors: Inaba Shinji , Yamamoto Kazumichi , Kaga Tomohiro , Wannous Muhammad , Sakata Masatsugu , Yamaguchi Osamu , Furukawa Toshi A 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionAlthough the ECG is an important diagnostic tool in medical practice, the competency of ECG interpretation is considered to be poor. Diagnostic inaccuracy involving the misinterpretation of ECG can lead to inappropriate medical judgements and cause negative clinical outcomes, unnecessary medical testing and even fatalities. Despite the importance of assessing ECG interpretation skills, there is currently no established universal, standardised assessment tool for ECG interpretation. The current study seeks to (1) develop a set of items (ECG questions) for estimating competency of ECG interpretation by medical personnel by consensus among expert panels following a process based on the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method (RAM) and (2) analyse item parameters and multidimensional latent factors of the test set to develop an assessment tool.Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted in two steps: (1) selection of question items for ECG interpretation assessment by expert panels via a consensus process following RAM and (2) cross-sectional, web-based testing using a set of ECG questions. A multidisciplinary panel of experts will evaluate the answers and appropriateness and select 50 questions as the next step. Based on data collected from a predicted sample size of 438 test participants recruited from physicians, nurses, medical and nursing students, and other healthcare professionals, we plan to statistically analyse item parameters and participant performance using multidimensional item response theory. Additionally, we will attempt to detect possible latent factors in the competency of ECG interpretation. A test set of question items for ECG interpretation will be proposed on the basis of the extracted parameters.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol of this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine (IRB number: 2209008). We will obtain informed consent from all participants. The findings will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.
Early clinical outcome prediction based on the initial National Early Warning Score + Lactate (News+L) Score among adult emergency department patients
Authors: Jo Sion , Jeong Taeoh , Park Boyoung 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe National Early Warning Score + Lactate (NEWS+L) Score has been previously shown to outperform NEWS alone in prediction of mortality and need for critical care in a small adult ED study. We validated the score in a large patient data set and constructed a model that allows early prediction of the probability of clinical outcomes based on the individual’s NEWS+L Score.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we included all adult patients who visited the ED of a single urban academic tertiary-care university hospital in South Korea for five consecutive years (1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019). The initial (<1 hour) NEWS+L Score is routinely recorded electronically at our ED and was abstracted for each visit. The outcomes were hospital death or a composite of hospital death and intensive care unit admission at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours. The data set was randomly split into train and test sets (1:1) for internal validation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) value and area under the precision and recall curve (AUPRC) value were evaluated and logistic regression models were used to develop an equation to calculate the predicted probabilities for each of these outcomes according to the NEWS+L Score.ResultsAfter excluding 808 patients (0.5%) from 149 007 patients in total, the study cohort consisted of 148 199 patients. The mean NEWS+L Score was 3.3±3.8. The AUROC value was 0.789~0.813 for the NEWS+L Score with good calibration (calibration-in-the-large=−0.082~0.001, slope=0.964~0.987, Brier Score=0.011~0.065). The AUPRC values of the NEWS+L Score for outcomes were 0.331~0.415. The AUROC and AUPRC values of the NEWS+L Score were greater than those of NEWS alone (AUROC 0.744~0.806 and AUPRC 0.316~0.380 for NEWS). Using the equation, 48 hours hospital mortality rates for NEWS+L Score of 5, 10 and 15 were found to be 1.1%, 3.1% and 8.8%, and for the composite outcome 9.2%, 27.5% and 58.5%, respectively.ConclusionThe NEWS+L Score has acceptable to excellent performance for risk estimation among undifferentiated adult ED patients, and outperforms NEWS alone.
Inequalities in the impact of having a chronic disease on entering permanent paid employment: a registry-based 10-year follow-up study
Authors: van de Ven David , Robroek Suzan J W , Burdorf Alex , Schuring Merel 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate among unemployed persons (1) the impact of having a chronic disease on entering paid employment and obtaining a permanent contract and (2) whether these associations differed by educational attainment.MethodsRegister data from Statistics Netherlands on employment status, contract type, medication and sociodemographic characteristics were linked. Dutch unemployed persons between 18 and 64 years (n=667 002) were followed up for 10 years (2011–2020). Restricted mean survival time analyses (RMSTs) were used to investigate differences in average months until entering paid employment and until obtaining a permanent contract between persons with and without cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory conditions, diabetes, respiratory illness, common mental disorders and psychotic disorders. Interaction terms were included for education.ResultsOne-third of the unemployed persons at baseline entered paid employment during follow-up. Persons with chronic diseases spent more months in non-employment compared with persons without chronic diseases (difference ranging from 2.50 months (95% CI 1.97 to 3.03 months) to 10.37 months (95% CI 9.98 to 10.77 months)), especially for persons with higher education. Conditional on entering paid employment, the time until a permanent contract was longer for persons with cardiovascular diseases (4.42 months, 95% CI 1.85 to 6.99 months), inflammatory conditions (4.80 months, 95% CI 2.02 to 7.59 months) and diabetes (8.32 months, 95% CI 4.26 to 12.37 months) than for persons without these diseases. These latter differences were similar across educational attainment.ConclusionsHaving a chronic disease is a barrier to entering permanent paid employment. The findings underline the need to prevent chronic diseases and promote an inclusive workforce.
Serum neurofilament light chain levels at attack predict post-attack disability worsening and are mitigated by inebilizumab: analysis of four potential biomarkers in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Authors: Aktas Orhan , Hartung Hans-Peter , Smith Michael A , Rees William A , Fujihara Kazuo , Paul Friedemann , Marignier Romain , Bennett Jeffrey L , Kim Ho Jin , Weinshenker Brian G , Pittock Sean J , Wingerchuk Dean M , Cutter Gary , She Dewei , Gunsior Michele , Cimbora Daniel , Katz Eliezer , Cree Bruce A 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate relationships between serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (sUCHL1), tau (sTau) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) levels and disease activity/disability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and the effects of inebilizumab on these biomarkers in N-MOmentum.MethodsN-MOmentum randomised participants to receive inebilizumab or placebo with a randomised controlled period (RCP) of 28 weeks and an open-label follow-up period of ≥2 years. The sNfL, sUCHL1, sTau and sGFAP were measured using single-molecule arrays in 1260 scheduled and attack-related samples from N-MOmentum participants (immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies to aquaporin-4-positive, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG-positive or double autoantibody-negative) and two control groups (healthy donors and patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis).ResultsThe concentration of all four biomarkers increased during NMOSD attacks. At attack, sNfL had the strongest correlation with disability worsening during attacks (Spearman R2=0.40; p=0.01) and prediction of disability worsening after attacks (sNfL cut-off 32 pg/mL; area under the curve 0.71 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.89); p=0.02), but only sGFAP predicted upcoming attacks. At RCP end, fewer inebilizumab-treated than placebo-treated participants had sNfL>16 pg/mL (22% vs 45%; OR 0.36 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.76); p=0.004).ConclusionsCompared with sGFAP, sTau and sUCHL1, sNfL at attack was the strongest predictor of disability worsening at attack and follow-up, suggesting a role for identifying participants with NMOSD at risk of limited post-relapse recovery. Treatment with inebilizumab was associated with lower levels of sGFAP and sNfL than placebo.Trial registration numberNCT02200770.
Cerebral enhancement in MOG antibody-associated disease
Authors: Elsbernd Paul , Cacciaguerra Laura , Krecke Karl N , Chen John J , Gritsch David , Lopez-Chiriboga A Sebastian , Sechi Elia , Redenbaugh Vyanka , Morris Padraig P , Carter Jonathan L , Wingerchuk Dean M , Tillema Jan-Mendelt , Valencia-Sanchez Cristina , Thakolwiboon Smathorn , Pittock Sean J , Flanagan Eoin P 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionLimited data exist on brain MRI enhancement in myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and differences from aquaporin-4-IgG-positive-neuromyelitis-optica-spectrum-disorder (AQP4+NMOSD), and multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we identified 122 Mayo Clinic MOGAD patients (1 January 1996–1 July 2020) with cerebral attacks. We explored enhancement patterns using a discovery set (n=41). We assessed enhancement frequency and Expanded Disability Status Scale scores at nadir and follow-up in the remainder (n=81). Two raters assessed T1-weighted-postgadolinium MRIs (1.5T/3T) for enhancement patterns in MOGAD, AQP4+NMOSD (n=14) and MS (n=26). Inter-rater agreement was assessed. Leptomeningeal enhancement clinical correlates were analysed.ResultsEnhancement occurred in 59/81 (73%) MOGAD cerebral attacks but did not influence outcome. Enhancement was often patchy/heterogeneous in MOGAD (33/59 (56%)), AQP4+NMOSD (9/14 (64%); p=0.57) and MS (16/26 (62%); p=0.63). Leptomeningeal enhancement favoured MOGAD (27/59 (46%)) over AQP4+NMOSD (1/14 (7%); p=0.01) and MS (1/26 (4%); p<0.001) with headache, fever and seizures frequent clinical correlates. Ring enhancement favoured MS (8/26 (31%); p=0.006) over MOGAD (4/59 (7%)). Linear ependymal enhancement was unique to AQP4+NMOSD (2/14 (14%)) and persistent enhancement (>3 months) was rare (0%–8%) across all groups. Inter-rater agreement for enhancement patterns was moderate.ConclusionsEnhancement is common with MOGAD cerebral attacks and often has a non-specific patchy appearance and rarely persists beyond 3 months. Leptomeningeal enhancement favours MOGAD over AQP4+NMOSD and MS.