bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance and Stability of CsPbBr3/WSe2 Hybrid Photodetectors Functionalized Using Quaternary Ammonium Ligands
Authors: Moon Bowon , Ahn Jae‐Hyeon , Jeong Min‐Hye , Lee Sang‐Hyeon , Lee Jong‐Soo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe 2D–0D hybrid photodetector, with its special structure, high sensitivity, and wavelength tunability, is reported as a promising candidate system for optoelectronic devices. As research on hybrid lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) has progressed, PQDs with high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield and excellent absorption properties are increasingly applied in optoelectronic devices; however, PQD stability remains one of the biggest limitations on device performance. Here, it is reported that the properties and stability of the hybrid photodetectors are improved by surface passivation using the quaternary ammonium ligand (didodecyldimethylammonium bromide, DDAB). The average carrier lifetime of DDAB treated CsPbBr3 PQDs (DDAB‐capped PQDs) is longer than that of pristine CsPbBr3 PQDs by 6.68–14.88 ns. It is confirmed that the durability against water is reduced by only 25.8% at PL intensity and is preserved for more than 16 h. A 2D–0D hybrid photodetector is then fabricated by deposition of DDAB‐capped PQDs on the WSe2 field‐effect transistor device for a high‐performance photodetector. The WSe2/DDAB‐capped PQD hybrid photodetector exhibits an enhanced responsivity of 1.4 × 103 A W−1 and an improved detectivity of 3.1 × 1013 Jones under 40.0 µW cm−2 of a 405 nm laser.
Exploring Efficient Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters by Constructing Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Fang Jingxian , Liu Zhangshan , Li Jinshi , Zhuang Ning , Yang Dezhi , Ma Dongge , Tang Ben Zhong , Zhao Zujin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEfficient blue organic luminescent materials are highly desired for full‐color displays and white lighting based on the organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) technique, but the exploration of robust blue emitters remains challenging. In this work, a series of efficient blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials comprised of a benzonitrile acceptor, pyridine bridge, and carbazole‐based donors is designed and synthesized. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds are formed in these molecules, which improve molecular planarity and rigidity. These molecules exhibit excellent thermal stability, high photoluminescence quantum yields, and large horizontal dipole ratios. Highly efficient non‐doped and doped OLEDs are fabricated using these molecules as emitters, providing deep‐blue to sky‐blue lights with outstanding maximum external quantum efficiencies and good operational device lifetime. These results indicate that building intramolecular hydrogen bonds can be an effective strategy for the construction of efficient and robust blue emitters for OLED applications.
Quantum Confinement Breaking: Orbital Coupling in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskites Enables Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Dong Xiyue , Chen Mingqian , Wang Rui , Ling Qin , Hu Ziyang , Liu Hang , Xin Yufei , Yang Yang , Wang Jian , Liu Yongsheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites have become emerging photovoltaic materials due to their intrinsic structure stability. Here, a concept of “quantum confinement breaking” in 2D perovskites is proposed using organic semiconductor spacers with suitable energy levels based on theoretical calculation and experimental results. An interesting finding is that there is intensive orbital coupling between the bithiophenemethylammonium (BThMA) spacer and adjacent inorganic layers in (BThMA)2PbI4, resulting in the breaking of the multiple quantum well structure. In comparison, no orbital interactions exist in (BPhMA)2PbI4 due to the wide bandgap of the biphenemethylammonium (BPhMA) spacer. Benefitting from the improved film quality, increased dielectric constant, and reduced binding energy, the (BThMA)2MAn−1PbnI3n+1 (n = 5) perovskite‐based device displays an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.05%, which is much higher than that of the BPhMA‐based device (PCE = 12.69%) and among the best efficiency in 2D PSCs based on long conjugated spacers. The results provide an important implication for the effects of orbital interactions between organic semiconductor spacers and the adjacent [PbI6]4− octahedron layer on the performance of 2D perovskite solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.
Visible Light and Microwave‐Mediated Rapid Trapping and Release of Singlet Oxygen Using a Coordination Polymer
Authors: Li Qiu‐Yi , Deng Yun‐Hu , Cao Chen , Hong Yu‐Xuan , Xue Xin‐Ran , Zhang Min‐Jie , Ge Yu , Abrahams Brendan F. , Lang Jian‐Ping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to its high reactivity and oxidative strength, singlet oxygen (1O2) is used in a variety of fields including organic synthesis, biomedicine, photodynamic therapy and materials science. Despite its importance, the controlled trapping and release of 1O2 is extremely challenging. Herein, we describe a one‐dimensional coordination polymer, CP1, which upon irradiation with visible light, transforms 3O2 (triplet oxygen) to 1O2. CP1 consists of CdII centers bridged by 9,10‐bis((E)‐2‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)vinyl)anthracene ligands which undergo a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction with 1O2, resulting in the generation of CP1−1O2. Using microwave irradiation, CP1−1O2 displays efficient release of 1O2, over a period of 30 s. In addition, CP1 exhibits enhanced fluorescence and has an oxygen detection limit of 97.4 ppm. Theoretical calculations reveal that the fluorescence behaviour is dominated by unique through‐space conjugation. In addition to describing a highly efficient approach for the trapping and controlled release of 1O2, using coordination polymers, this work also provides encouragement for the development of efficient fluorescent oxygen sensors.
The influence of carbon nanotubes and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets modified by phosphonium‐based ionic liquids on polyurethane composites
Authors: Vargas Patricia C. , Merlini Claudia , Livi Sébastien , de Nardi Martins Johnny , Soares Bluma G. , Barra Guilherme M. O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe effect of the non‐covalent modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) with phosphonium‐based ionic liquids (ILs) on the polyurethane (PU) matrix was investigated. The two ILs used in this work were trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride (IL 101) and trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium dicyanamide (IL 105). The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of PU/CNTs and PU/xGnP composites was strongly influenced upon the loading and dispersion of the conductive fillers in the polymer matrix, as well as the amount and the chemical nature of IL. PU/IL‐xGnP and PU/IL‐CNTs show higher electrical conductivity and EMI SE values when compared to those composites comprising PU matrix with non‐modified fillers. Furthermore, the composites containing modified fillers with IL105 exhibited higher electrical conductivity and EMI SE values than those with IL101. This behavior was due to the better interaction of the dicyanamide counter anion (IL 105), which interacts more efficiently with the PU matrix than the chloride anion (IL 101). The hybrid composites (PU/IL‐CNT/IL‐xGnP) displayed higher electrical conductivity and EMI SE than those found for hybrid composites without ILs. Hybrid composite with a proportion of 75/25 of CNT/xGnP modified with IL 105, displayed EMI SE values adequate for commercial applications. These results highlight that these hybrid composites containing CNT/xGnP modified with trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium dicyanamide are promising materials for electromagnetic shielding.
Metabolomic Differences in Connective Tissue Disease–Associated Versus Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the PVDOMICS Cohort
Authors: Simpson Catherine E. , Hemnes Anna R. , Griffiths Megan , Grunig Gabriele , Tang W. H. Wilson , Garcia Joe G. N. , Barnard John , Comhair Suzy A. , Damico Rachel L. , Mathai Stephen C. , Hassoun Paul M. ,   the PVDOMICS Study Group
Published: June 2023

ObjectivePatients with connective tissue disease–associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD‐PAH) experience worse survival and derive less benefit from pulmonary vasodilator therapies than patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH). We sought to identify differential metabolism in patients with CTD‐PAH versus patients with IPAH that might underlie these observed clinical differences.MethodsAdult participants with CTD‐PAH (n = 141) and IPAH (n = 165) from the Pulmonary Vascular Disease Phenomics (PVDOMICS) study were included. Detailed clinical phenotyping was performed at cohort enrollment, including broad‐based global metabolomic profiling of plasma samples. Participants were followed prospectively for ascertainment of outcomes. Supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms and regression models were used to compare CTD‐PAH versus IPAH metabolomic profiles and to measure metabolite‐phenotype associations and interactions. Gradients across the pulmonary circulation were assessed using paired mixed venous and wedged samples in a subset of 115 participants.ResultsMetabolomic profiles distinguished CTD‐PAH from IPAH, with patients with CTD‐PAH demonstrating aberrant lipid metabolism with lower circulating levels of sex steroid hormones and higher free fatty acids (FAs) and FA intermediates. Acylcholines were taken up by the right ventricular–pulmonary vascular (RV‐PV) circulation, particularly in CTD‐PAH, while free FAs and acylcarnitines were released. In both PAH subtypes, dysregulated lipid metabolites, among others, were associated with hemodynamic and RV measurements and with transplant‐free survival.ConclusionsCTD‐PAH is characterized by aberrant lipid metabolism that may signal shifted metabolic substrate utilization. Abnormalities in RV‐PV FA metabolism may imply a reduced capacity for mitochondrial beta oxidation within the diseased pulmonary circulation.
Nonlinear recursive gain asymptotic tracking controller design for hydraulic turbine regulating systems
Authors: Kanchanaharuthai Adirak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on the nonlinear asymptotic tracking control for a hydraulic turbine regulating system (HTRS). The proposed control approach combines a recursive gain control scheme with an adaptive technique to achieve asymptotic tracking. An important characteristic feature of the proposed controller is the incorporation of a smooth function with a time‐varying function that is integrable and positive. This function provides the developed controller with sufficient power to achieve asymptotic tracking, whereas the recursive gain control alone can ensure that tracking errors converge exponentially to zero within balls of any arbitrarily small radii. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the presented control technique, which outperforms backstepping, command‐filtered backstepping, dynamic surface, synergetic control designs; deals with the “explosion of complexity” problem; and simultaneously achieves asymptotic tracking. Furthermore, even though the HTRS parameters vary, the proposed technique is capable of providing consistent control performance. As a result, the presented controller is unaffected by changes in the system's parameters.
Adaptive tracking control for multiagent systems with event‐triggered communication and asymmetric input saturation
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Cao Liang , Pan Yingnan , Zhou Xiaoshuai , Lu Qing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the adaptive tracking control problem is investigated for the multiagent systems with event‐triggered (ET) communication and asymmetric input saturation. By adopting an auxiliary system, the problem of asymmetric input saturation is successfully handled. Two ET mechanisms are employed in the controller‐to‐actuator channel and communication channel respectively to economize the limited communication resources. The update frequency of the controller can be reduced by devising a novel switching ET mechanism, which can unify the three existing ET schemes. Based on a backstepping technique, a distributed ET controller is devised, which only requires the sampled value of neighboring states. Due to the discontinuity of the ET state signals, the repetitive differentiation of virtual control laws will not be computed. To solve this problem, the predesigned differentiable partial derivatives of virtual control laws are used to construct the ET virtual control laws. By applying the Lyapunov stability method, it is proved that the desired tracking performance and the stability of the closed‐loop system can be guaranteed. Finally, a simulation example demonstrates that the proposed control strategy is effective.
Synthesis, Anti‐Oomycete and Anti‐fungal Activities of Novel Cinchona Alkaloid Derivatives Containing Sulfonate Moiety
Authors: Chen Yingwu , Zhang Song , Tian Yuee , Huang Xiaobo , Zhou Lin , Liu Shengming , Chen Genqiang , Che Zhiping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing cinchona alkaloid as the lead compound, twenty‐four cinchona alkaloid sulfonate derivatives (1 a–l,2 a–c,3 a–c,4 a–c, and5 a–c) were designed and prepared by modifying their C9 position, and structurally confirmed by1H‐NMR,13C‐NMR, HR‐MS and melting points. Moreover, the stereochemical configurations of compounds1 fand1 lwere unambiguously confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, we determined the anti‐oomycete and anti‐fungal activities of these target compounds againstPhytophthora capsiciandFusarium graminearumin vitro. The results showed that two compounds4 band4 cexhibited prominent anti‐oomycete activity, and the median effective concentration (EC50) values of4 band4 cagainstP. capsiciwere 22.55 and 16.32 mg/L, respectively. This study suggested that when the C9 position of cinchona alkaloid sulfonate derivatives is in theSconfiguration and the 6′‐position methoxy group is not present, the anti‐oomycete activity is superior. In addition, five compounds1 e,1 f,1 k,3 cand4 cdisplayed significant anti‐fungal activity, with EC50values of 43.64, 45.07, 80.18, 48.58 and 41.88 mg/L againstF. graminearum, respectively. This result indicates that only when a specific substituent is introduced into the structural framework of the target compound, the corresponding compound exhibits significant inhibitory activity against fungi.
One‐Pot Chitin Conversion to High‐Activity Antifungal N,N‐Dimethyl Chitosan Oligosaccharides
Authors: Cheng Jiong , Armugam Arunmozhiarasi , Yang Yang , Jin Fangming , Zhang Yugen , Yan Ning 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChitosan oligosaccharide and its derivatives are known for their diverse biological activities. In this study, we communicate a convenient one‐pot synthesis of N,N‐dimethyl chitosan oligosaccharide (DMCOS) from chitin via acid‐catalyzed tandem depolymerization‐deacetylation‐N‐methylation pathway using formaldehyde as the methylation reagent. The synthesis protocol offers 77 % DMCOS that features a high degree of deacetylation, a high degree of methylation, and a low average molecular weight. Compared to chitosan, DMCOS exhibits superior antifungal activity against Candida species. Mechanism study reveals a previously non‐reported hydroxyl group‐assisted effect that facilitates the reductive amination reaction under strong acidic conditions. Overall, our findings demonstrate the feasibility of direct synthesis of DMCOS from chitin, highlighting its potential use in anti‐fungal applications.
Paleoecology provides context for conserving culturally and ecologically important pine forest and barrens communities
Authors: Booth Robert K. , Schuurman Gregor W. , Lynch Elizabeth A. , Huff Matthew G. , Bebout Julia A. , Montano Nisogaabokwe Melonee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn fire‐prone ecosystems, knowledge of vegetation–fire–climate relationships and the history of fire suppression and Indigenous cultural burning can inform discussions of how to use fire as a management tool, particularly as climate continues to change rapidly. On Wiisaakodewan‐minis/Stockton Island in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore of Wisconsin, USA, structural changes in a pine‐dominated natural area containing a globally rare barrens community occurred after the cessation of cultural burning by the Indigenous Ojibwe people and the imposition of fire‐suppression policies, leading to questions about the historical role of fire in this culturally and ecologically important area. To help understand better the ecological context needed to steward these pine forest and barrens communities, we developed palaeoecological records of vegetation, fire, and hydrological change using pollen, charcoal, and testate amoebae preserved in peat and sediment cores collected from bog and lagoon sediments within the pine‐dominated landscape. Results indicated that fire has been an integral part of Stockton Island ecology for at least 6000 years. Logging in the early 1900s led to persistent changes in island vegetation, and post‐logging fires of the 1920s and 1930s were anomalous in the context of the past millennium, likely reflecting more severe and/or extensive burning than in the past. Before that, the composition and structure of pine forest and barrens had changed little, perhaps due to regular low‐severity surface fires, which may have occurred with a frequency consistent with Indigenous oral histories (~4–8 years). Higher severity fire episodes, indicated by large charcoal peaks above background levels in the records, occurred predominantly during droughts, suggesting that more frequent or more intense droughts in the future may increase fire frequency and severity. The persistence of pine forest and barrens vegetation through past periods of climatic change indicates considerable ecological resistance and resilience. Future persistence in the face of climate changes outside this historical range of variability may depend in part on returning fire to these systems.
Accelerating the African continental free trade area through optimization of digital supply chains
Authors: Malatji Masike 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe integration of e‐commerce into supply chain management (SCM) and logistics operations has greatly impacted the way these processes are executed. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has disrupted traditional SCM and logistics business processes, making digitalization a crucial element for differentiation and competitiveness. The objective of this article was to investigate how the adoption of appropriate digital technologies could accelerate intra‐African trade in goods and services through the AfCFTA Agreement. The author employed a content analysis of the primary source documents, specifically the Protocol on Trade in Goods, available on the AfCFTA's website. The nine Annexes of the Protocol on Trade in Goods were evaluated against a digital supply chain (DSC) model adopted in this article. The results of the analysis showed that the supply chain and logistics processes of the AfCFTA's Protocol on Trade in Goods could be effectively identified and mapped to potential digital technologies through the adopted DSC framework. The practical implications of this study suggest that the AfCFTA could adopt a DSC framework as a guide in concluding negotiations on the Protocol on Digital Trade to harness the benefits of digital technologies. As the main contribution, this article provides a DSC framework that could be utilized to accelerate intra‐African trade through optimization of supply chain and logistics processes of the AfCFTA.
Research on irradiated food status and consumer acceptance: A Chinese perspective
Authors: Wang Ke , Pang Xinxin , Zeng Zhengkui , Xiong Houhua , Du Jifu , Li Gang , Baidoo Isaac Kwasi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChina is currently the world's largest producer of food irradiation. Despite the long‐standing (about 100 years) evidence supporting the safety of food irradiation, consumers’ acceptance of irradiated foods remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the development of food irradiation in China and identify the barriers that keep consumers away from irradiated foods. This was accomplished by exploring the relevant policies of food irradiation, the size and distribution of irradiation facilities in China, and analyzing their relationships between consumer characteristics and the acceptance of irradiated food. To achieve these objectives, we conducted an online survey of participants from Hubei, China (N = 264). The results reveal that irradiation facilities are mainly distributed in large coastal cities such as the Bohai Bay, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Greater Bay Area. Furthermore, the study identified that consumer’ acceptance of irradiated food is directly related to their level of understanding. Approximately 22% of the sampled consumers reported that they would not accept that they have consumed irradiated food and most of them (41%) stated that they would not purchase irradiated food if they were aware of buying irradiated food. Specifically, consumers expressed discomfort with consuming irradiated food under unknown circumstances. This trend is more prevalent among female, low‐educated, and older consumers, with 40% of the sampled population indicating that they would not buy irradiated food. Given the strong correlation between knowledge and acceptance of irradiated foods, the study suggests that policy reform should prioritize enhancing the understanding of irradiated food, particularly among female, low‐educated, and older consumers.
Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer and brain metastasis
Authors: Tsakonas Georgios , Ekman Simon , Koulouris Andreas , Adderley Helen , Ackermann Christoph Jakob , Califano Raffaele 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe presence of brain metastases (BM) is a negative prognostic factor for patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Their incidence seems to be higher in patients with oncogene‐driven tumours, especially those with EGFR‐mutated or ALK‐rearranged tumours. Although targeted treatments demonstrate significant efficacy regarding BM, they only apply to a minority of NSCLC patients. On the other hand, systemic therapies for nononcogenic‐driven NSCLC with BM have shown limited clinical benefit. In recent years, immunotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy has been adopted as a new standard of care in first‐line therapy. This approach seems to be beneficial to patients with BM in terms of efficacy and toxicity. Combined immune checkpoint inhibition as well as the combination of immunotherapy and radiation therapy show promising results with significant, but overall acceptable toxicity. A pragmatic approach of allowing enrolment of patients with untreated or symptomatic BM in randomised trials evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors strategies, possibly coupled with central nervous system‐related endpoints may be needed to generate data to refine treatment for this patient population.