bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IKHTILAF DALAM STUDI Al-QUR’AN
Authors: Hafsah Umi - 
Published: July 2023

Artikel ini membahas ikhtilaf atau ayat-ayat yang bertentangan dalam al-Qur’an. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam menulis artikel ini adalah kualitatif metode studi pustaka. Pembahasan artikel ini meliputi arti ikhtilaf dalam al-Qur’an, contoh ayat-ayat yang mengandung ikhtilaf, penyebab ikhtilaf dan upaya untuk menjelaskan ayat yang bertentangan tersebut. Hasil dari artikel ini adalah tidak ada ayat yang mengandung ikhtilaf/bertentangan dalam al-Qur’an, sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam surat an-Nisa’ : 82. Pertentangan dalam ayat-ayat tersebut terjadi karena perbedaan pengartian setiap orang, baik dari segi lafadh maupun segi maknanya. Beberapa upaya ulama’ untuk memahami ayat-ayat yang bertentangan adalah dengan melihat sejarah dan asbab an-nuzul, mentakhsis atau mengkhususkan ayat-ayat yang turun di Makkah dan ayat-ayat yang turun di Madinah, mencari tema dari ayat-ayat yang bertentangan, memahami ayat-ayat yang mengandung kronologi/tahapan dan mentarjih ayat.
Uşak İlinde Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetine Başvuran Hastaların Bitkisel Ürün Kullanma ile İlgili Tutum ve Görüşleri Üzerine Tanımlayıcı Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÖZCAN Bilge , KÜÇÜK İzzet Göker 
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmada Uşak’ta birinci basamak sağlık kuruluşlarına başvuran hastaların bitkisel ürün kullanımına yönelik tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan araştırmanın verileri. Şubat-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında Uşak ili Kemalöz Aile Sağlığı Merkezi polikliniklerine gelen gönüllü hastaların katılımı ile yüz yüze anket tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Toplam 14 sorudan oluşan ankete 508 gönüllü cevap vermiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 paket yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler, sürekli değişkenlerde aritmetik ortalama ± standart sapma olarak, kesikli değişkenler ise yüzde (%) olarak tanımlandı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların bitkisel ürün kullanma nedenleri incelendiğinde %49,2 oranında hastalıklardan korunmak, %26,7 oranında ise kullanımı kolaylığı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %68,8’i bitkisel ürünlerden memnun olduğunu belirtmesine rağmen %86,6’sı bitkisel ürünleri kullanmaları için başkalarına önermeyeceklerini belirtmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarımıza göre katılımcılarımız bitkisel ürünleri sıklıkla solunum ve sindirim rahatsızlıkları, bağışıklık güçlendirme ve kilo problemleri nedeniyle kullanılmakta iken, bu ürünlerin ilaç tedavisinden daha etkili ve daha az yan etkisi olduğu görüşü hakimdir. Bitkisel ürünler; standardize ve sıkı kontrole tabi tutularak etkili ve güvenli olduğundan emin olunmalı, aynı zamanda zararlı ve ciddi yan etki potansiyeli olanlardan ayrımı iyi yapılmalıdır.
Recursos florales de Amaryllidaceae usados por abejas silvestres en tres ecorregiones de Argentina
Authors: Vossler Favio G. 
Published: July 2023

Introducción y objetivos: A fin de detectar patrones de asociaciones entre Amaryllidaceae y abejas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), se investigó la presencia de polen de Amaryllidaceae silvestres y cultivadas en nidos de abejas silvestres no Apis colectados en tres ecorregiones de Argentina (Pampa, Pampa-Espinal y Chaco).
M&M: Se analizaron un total de 500 preparados microscópicos de polen y miel de 369 nidos de 25 especies. La identificación fue realizada por comparación con polen de referencia de flores recolectadas en los sitios estudiados. También se registraron la fenología floral de las especies silvestres y visitas florales con captura de individuos de abejas.
Resultados: Se identificaron 6 tipos polínicos de Amaryllidaceae en la dieta polínica de sólo cinco de 25 especies de abejas analizadas: Xylocopa artifex (Hippeastrum tipos 1 y 2 y Crinum), Megachile jenseni (Allium triquetrum y Zephyrantes minima), Xylocopa augusti (Crinum), Xylocopa ciliata (Zephyrantes minima) y Ceratina rupestris (Nothoscordum gracile). Entre las Amaryllidaceae silvestres se observaron dos patrones de floración marcadamente diferentes: 1) en épocas húmedas invierno-primaverales y/o estivo-otoñales, y 2) sincronizadas y efímeras, desencadenadas por las lluvias estivo-otoñales.
Conclusiones: Las cinco especies de abejas con polen de Amaryllidaceae en sus nidos y la gran mayoría de las recolectadas en las flores fueron polilécticas (uso de polen generalizado) de las familias Apidae y Halictidae. La ausencia de Amaryllidaceae en muestras de la eco-región chaqueña puede ser debido a su muy reducida oferta floral dada por la baja riqueza de especies y patrón efímero de floración. Existe mucho por investigar en cuanto a las asociaciones florales entre abejas y Amaryllidaceae en Argentina, y se espera que hayan más especies de abejas con especialización por polen (oligolectia) hacia clados particulares de este linaje de monocotiledóneas.
Bilangan Kromatik Lokasi pada Graf Hasil Amalgamasi Sisi dari Graf Bintang dan Graf Lengkap
Authors: Hartiansyah Fiqih , Darmaji Darmaji 
Published: July 2023

The locating coloring of graph extends the vertex coloring dan partition dimension of graph. The minimum number of locating coloring of graph G is called the locating chromatic number of graph G. In this paper will discuss the locating chromatic number of edge amalgamation graph of star graph with order m+1 and complete graph with order n. The method used to obtain the locating chromatic number of graph is to determine the upper dan lower bound. The results obtained are that the locating chromatic number of edge amalgamation graph of star graph with order m+1 and complete graph with order n is for and .
Implementasi Matriks Dalam Kriptografi Hill Cipher Dalam Mengamankan Pesan Rahasia
Authors: Wasil Moh. 
Published: July 2023

salah satu jenis algoritma yang bisa diimplementasikan penggunaannya dalam menjaga keamanan data (pesan) adalah algoritma Hill Cipher. algoritma ini menggunakan matriks persegi yang invertible sebagai kunci serta aritmatika modulo untuk melakukan enkripsi dan dekripsi. enkripsi merupakan proses mengubah informasi yang bisa difahami menjadi informasi yang sulit difahami. sedangkan dekripsi adalah kebalikannya. Dengan menggunakan algoritma hill cipher data tersebut sangat sulit diketahui maknanya. Untuk mengirim data, maka pengirim harus menyertakan aturan untuk mengkonversi data tersebut serta matriks kunci yang bisa digunakan untuk mengolahnya, sehingga data tersebut bisa difahami oleh penerima. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keamanan data tersebut sangat sangat bergantung pada tingkat kesulitan operasi matriks yang digunakan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan matriks persegi sebagai kuncinya dengan modulo 30 (karena menggunakan 30 karakter yang berbeda), dengan konversi setiap karakter ditunjukkan oleh tabel 3.1. Semua karakter yang ada pada plaintext dan ciphertext dikonversi menjadi angka-angka. Sehingga berdasarkan uraian di atas maka tujuan penelitian ini secara umum adalah: untuk menjaga keamanan suatu data dengan menggunakan metode hill cipher.
Cyberloafing, Workplace Incivility and Employee Productivity: An Empirical Study in Rural Municipalities of Kaski District
Authors: Tiwari Badri , Niraula Damodar 
Published: July 2023

In today’s digitalized workplace, workplace incivility and cyberloafing have become major concerns for many corporate and government organizations all over the world. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cyberloafing and workplace rudeness on workers. The study took a quantitative approach, administered a set of survey questionnaire, and collected response from 135 employees from three rural municipalities in Kaski district. Different descriptive and inferential statistical analysis tools were applied to draw the conclusion. Results showed that the cyber loafing and employee productivity had a weak significant positive relationship (0.320) whereas work incivility and employee productivity had a negative co-relationship (-0.304). Similarly, the regression result reveled a significant low magnitude of impact of cyberloafing and workplace incivility (0.443 and -0.445 coefficient respectively) on employee productivity. This research underlines the necessity for local governments to put policies in place that discourages uncivil behavior at workplace and prevent employees from the tendency of cyberloafing, as doing so can help to increase worker productivity.
Managerial perception on the application of the balanced scorecard evaluation approach
Authors: Shrestha Prakash 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the managerial perception of the application of the balanced scorecard (BSC) evaluation approach. It considers the main four perspectives of the BSC evaluation approach including the financial, the customer, the internal processes, and the learning and growth perspective. This study is primarily descriptive in nature. The questionnaire was delivered to nine commercial bank managers, including three state-owned banks, three joint-venture banks, and three private banks. A total of 180 questionnaires were distributed to them, and 129 (71.67%) were returned and used. The results reveal that Nepalese bank managers have a perception of a better financial position. They use the financial perspective as an important aspect of the BSC evaluation approach when measuring bank performance. In terms of customer perspective, the results show that banks have better customer connections. It also suggests that Nepalese bank managers believe that using customer viewpoints is critical to the performance of their institutions. In practice, both the internal process and the learning and growth perspective appear to be fair. As a result, Nepalese commercial banks succeed in each of the four aspects of the BSC evaluation approach.
Nexus between stock market capitalization and its Drivers: An ARDL model analysis
Authors: Gurung Rajesh 
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to examine the nexus between the stock market capitalization and it drivers in Nepalese context using the Auto- regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach using the secondary date from 1988/89 to 2018/19. The stock market capitalization is has used as dependent variable and macro-economic, company specific, stock market size, government policy, and political factors have been used as independent variables. It has reported the descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, data stationary, ARDL bound test of long-run relationship. The long-run relationships amongst the variables have been confirmed with the ARDL short-run dynamics and Error Correction Mechanism approaches. The results indicated that gross domestic product and interest rate are important macro-economic variables to explain the stock market capitalization, whereas the return on equity in the case of firm-specific variables. Moreover, both the government policy and political factors have found to influence the stock market capitalization in the context of Nepalese capital market. The findings suggest for a promotion of economic growth with low and stable interest rates, improve company’s return on equity, and implement supportive government policies with political stability to support the overall stability and growth of the country's stock market capitalization.
PRECIPITAÇÕES MÁXIMAS MENSAIS EM SANTA MARIA, RS
Authors: Liska Gilberto Rodrigues Liska , Teixeira Otávio Magno , Mires Priscila de Azevedo 
Published: July 2023

Existem regiões no estado do Rio Grande do Sul onde ocorrência de chuva é suficiente para as funções agrícolas e manutenção social, porém em outras localidades esta ocorrência não é tão satisfatória a ponto de o fornecimento d’água ser suficiente para as necessidades básicas da população. Nesse sentido, estimar com certa precisão as variações meteorológicas é de grande importância, uma vez que viabiliza um planejamento mais preciso nestas regiões. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a ocorrência de precipitações pluviais máximas na cidade de Santa Maria – RS por meio das distribuições Generalizada de Valores Extremos, Gumbel e Pearson tipo III e estimar a quantidade de chuva para períodos de retorno de 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 50 e 100 anos. Os resultados do teste de Kolmogorov Kolmogorov-Smirnov e os Histogramas com as funções densidades de probabilidades ajustadas indicam que as três distribuições de probabilidade se ajustaram aos dados e, entre as distribuições Gumbel e GVE, o teste de razão de verossimilhanças apontou que a distribuição Gumbel é mais adequada. Contudo o erro percentual absoluto médio revelou que a distribuição Pearson III forneceu níveis de retorno estimados mais precisos em alguns meses.
Palavras-chave: Teoria de valores extremos; probabilidade de ocorrência; Distribuição Generalizada de Valores Extremos (GEV); Distribuição Gumbel; Distribuição de Pearson Tipo III; climatologia.

Maximum monthly rainfall in Santa Maria, RS

ABSTRACT: There are regions in the state of Rio Grande do Sul where rainfall is sufficient for agricultural functions and social maintenance, but in other locations this occurrence is not so satisfactory that water supply is sufficient for the basic needs of the population. In this sense, knowing how to accurately estimate weather variations is of great importance. Statistical modeling of extreme levels is associated with probability distributions, belonging to a class of distributions in a branch of statistics called Extreme Value Theory (EVT). The objective of this work was to analyze the occurrence of maximum rainfall in the city of Santa Maria - RS through the Generalized Extreme Values, Gumbel and Pearson type III distributions and to estimate the amount of rainfall for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 50 and 100 years. The results of the KS test and Histogram plots indicate that the three probability distributions fit the data and, between the Gumbel and GEV distributions, the likelihood ratio test indicated that the Gumbel distribution is more appropriate. However, the mean absolute percentage error revealed that the Pearson III distribution provided more accurate estimated return levels for some months.
Keywords: Extreme value theory; probability of occurrence; Generalized Distribution of Extreme Values (GEV); Gumbel Distribution; Pearson Distribution Type III; climatology.
MICROBIOLIZAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE SOJA COM Trichoderma harzianum: QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E SANITÁRIA
Authors: Sales Gabryelle Oliveira de Souza , Dos Santos Siqueira Gomes Rommel , Carvalho Thamires Kelly Nunes , Santos Marlei Rosa dos , Medeiros José George Ferreira 
Published: July 2023

A soja (Glycine max L.) contribui na geração de divisas via exportação, considerada a cultura agrícola mais importante do Brasil. O objetivo foi analisar o uso do T. harzianum para microbiolização de sementes de soja, visando o controle biológico de fungos. As sementes utilizadas foram das cultivares BRS 523 e BRS 539, onde os tratamentos caracterizou-se através do delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Para o teste de sanidade, os tratamentos utilizados foram a testemunha, tratamento químico (dicarboximida) e os tratamentos biológicos divididos nas concentrações de 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 e 400 g de T. harzianum. 100-1 kg de sementes. No teste de germinação, utilizaram-se os mesmos tratamentos da sanidade, avaliando-se o percentual de germinação, primeira contagem, sementes mortas e duras, e comprimento de plântulas. Realizou-se análise de regressão para os dados quantitativos com a significância dos modelos verificados pelo teste F. Portanto, a aplicação de T. harzianum na concentração máxima (400 g) utilizada sobre as sementes de soja demonstrou maior eficiência na redução de Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium semitectum, Penicillium sp. e Colletotrichum truncatum. Já as concentrações altas (350 g e 400 g) de T. harzianum proporcionaram um aumento de 2% na germinação da cultivar de soja BRS 539.
Palavras-chave: patologia de sementes; controle biológico; grandes culturas.

Microbiolization of soybean seeds with Trichoderma harzianum: physiological and sanitary quality

ABSTRACT: Soybean (Glycine max L.) contributes to the generation of foreign exchange via exports, considered the most important agricultural crop in Brazil. The objective was to analyze the use of T. harzianum for microbiolization of soybean seeds, aiming at the biological control of fungi. The seeds used were from the cultivars BRS 523 and BRS 539, where the treatments were characterized through a completely randomized design. For the sanity test, the treatments used were the control, chemical treatments (dicarboximide) and biological treatments divided into concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 g of T. harzianum. 100-1 kg of seeds. In the germination test, the same sanity treatments were used, evaluating the percentage of germination, first count, dead and hard seeds, and seedling length. Regression analysis was carried out for the quantitative data with the significance of the models verified by the F test. Therefore, the application of T. harzianum at the maximum concentration (400 g) used on soybean seeds obtained greater efficiency in the reduction of Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium semitectum, Penicillium sp. and Colletotrichum truncatum. The high concentrations (350 g and 400 g) of T. harzianum provided a 2% increase in the germination of the soybean cultivar BRS 539.
Keywords: seed pathology; biological control; large cultures.
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Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Psikososial (Ketidakberdayaan) pada Pasien Stroke di Ruang Interna Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Waikabubak Kabupaten Sumba Barat
Authors: Mone Bernadete , Agustine Uly , Belarminus Petrus , Santoso Shelfi Dwi Retnani Putri 
Published: July 2023

Pendahuluan
Stroke merupakan gangguan fungsi otak sebagian atau menyeluruh sebagai akibat dari gangguan aliran darah oleh karena sumbatan atau pecahnya pembuluh darah di otak yang menyebabkan sel-sel otak kekurangan darah, oksigen. Ketidakberdayaan disebabkan oleh pengalaman distres dan perubahan emosional seperti frustasi, marah, takut dan cemas. Stroke mempunyai dampak yang mendalam pada kehidupan psikososial seseorang karena terdapatnya perubahan fisik di dalam dirinya sehingga membuat seseorang mengalami ketidakberdayaan. Tujuan Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan jiwa pada pasien stroke dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan psikososial (ketidakberdayaan). Metode kombinasi studi literatur dan studi kasus. Data based yang digunakan adalah google scholar dengan kata kunci mekanisme koping, edukasi positif, ketidakberdayaan, dan stroke. Jumlah pasien 1 responden dalam studi kasus dengan kriteria pasien stroke yang mengalami ketidakmampuan berjalan, tampak gelisah dan merasa tertekan sehingga asuhan keperawatan dan intervensi pertahankan mekanisme koping dan edukasi positif selama 3 hari. Hasil pengkajian didapatkan keluhan pasien tidak mampu berjalan, badan terasa kaku, tampak gelisah, menyatakan rasa malu dan tertekan dan setelah dilakukan asuhan keperawatan hasil evaluasi menunjukan semua masalah teratasi pada hari ke tiga. Kesimpulan Dari penelitian ini kedua intervensi tersebut dapat dijadikan referensi dan mengatasi ketidakberdayaan pada pasien stroke. Saran Diharapkan agar fasilitas kesehatan dapat memberikan pelayanan yang kompefensif khususnya pada psikososial pasien
The Effects of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation and Retention Delay on Memory-Guided Reaching Performance in People with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Trevarrow Michael P. , Munoz Miranda J. , Rivera Yessenia M. , Arora Rishabh , Drane Quentin H. , Rosenow Joshua M. , Sani Sepehr B. , Pal Gian D. , Verhagen Metman Leonard , Goelz Lisa C. , Corcos Daniel M. , David Fabian J. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) improves intensive aspects of movement (velocity) in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) but impairs the more cognitively demanding coordinative aspects of movement (error). We extended these findings by evaluating STN-DBS induced changes in intensive and coordinative aspects of movement during a memory-guided reaching task with varying retention delays. Objective: We evaluated the effect of STN-DBS on motor control during a memory-guided reaching task with short and long retention delays in participants with PD and compared performance to healthy controls (HC). Methods: Eleven participants with PD completed the motor section of the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS III) and performed a memory-guided reaching task under four different STN-DBS conditions (DBS-OFF, DBS-RIGHT, DBS-LEFT, and DBS-BOTH) and two retention delays (0.5 s and 5 s). An additional 13 HC completed the memory-guided reaching task. Results: Unilateral and bilateral STN-DBS improved the MDS-UPDRS III scores. In the memory-guided reaching task, both unilateral and bilateral STN-DBS increased the intensive aspects of movement (amplitude and velocity) in the direction toward HC but impaired coordinative aspects of movement (error) away from the HC. Furthermore, movement time was decreased but reaction time was unaffected by STN-DBS. Shorter retention delays increased amplitude and velocity, decreased movement times, and decreased error, but increased reaction times in the participants with PD. There were no interactions between STN-DBS condition and retention delay. Conclusion: STN-DBS may affect cognitive-motor functioning by altering activity throughout cortico-basal ganglia networks and the oscillatory activity subserving them.
Predicting the Prognosis of Multiple System Atrophy Using Cluster and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Du Juanjuan , Cui Shishuang , Huang Pei , Gao Chao , Zhang Pingchen , Liu Jin , Li Hongxia , Huang Maoxin , Shen Xin , Liu Zixian , Chen Zilu , Tan Yuyan , Chen Shengdi 
Published: July 2023

Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an intractable neurodegenerative disorder with poorly understanding of prognostic factors. Objective: The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal study was to explore the main predictors of survival of MSA patients with new clinical subtypes based on cluster analysis. Methods: A total of 153 Chinese MSA patients were recruited in our study. The basic demographic data and motor and nonmotor symptoms were assessed. Cluster and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to eliminate collinearity and search for new clinical subtypes. The multivariable Cox regression was used to find factors associated with survival in MSA patients. Results: The median survival time from symptom onset to death (estimated using data from all patients by Kaplan-Meier analysis) was 6.3 (95% CI = 6.1–6.7) years. The survival model showed that a shorter survival time was associated with motor principal component (PC)1 (HR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.26–2.30, p < 0.001) and nonmotor PC3 (HR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.31–2.10, p < 0.001) through PCA. Four clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (mild), Cluster 2 (mood disorder-dominant), Cluster 3 (axial symptoms and cognitive impairment-dominant), and Cluster 4 (autonomic failure-dominant). Multivariate Cox regression indicated that Cluster 3 (HR = 4.15, 95% CI: 1.73–9.90, p = 0.001) and Cluster 4 (HR = 4.18, 95% CI: 1.73–10.1, p = 0.002) were independently associated with shorter survival time. Conclusion: More serious motor symptoms, axial symptoms such as falls and dysphagia, orthostatic hypotension, and cognitive impairment were associated with poor survival in MSA via PCA and cluster analysis.