bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safe and Rapid Synthesis and Utilization of 2-Azidopyridine and Related Derivatives
via Continuous Flow Diazotization
Authors: Szemesi Péter , Bana Péter , Szakács Zoltán , Greiner István , Éles János 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Aril azides are popular reagents in the laboratory, but their explosive properties prevent their larger-scale application. The safety risk is even greater for N-heterocyclic azides, which are rarely studied. Flow chemistry can be an effective tool in the synthesis and utilization of dangerous and explosive chemicals. In small-diameter flow reactors, good heat and mass transfer prevent local hot spots and side reactions, and since only small amounts of hazardous chemicals are present at any time, the potential danger is reduced in the event of an accident. In this work, the safe syntheses of 9 different 2-azidopyridine, 2-azidopyrimidine and 2 azidoquinoxaline derivatives were successfully achieved within the continuous-flow system. In most cases, simple work-up resulted in pure products. In-line extractive work-up was also implemented, which allowed us to transform 2-azidopyridine in a subsequent Staudinger reaction in a connected flow reactor, without manual handling of the hazardous azide.
SAR based Review on Diverse Heterocyclic Compounds with Various
Potential Molecular Targets in the Fight against COVID-19: A Medicinal
Chemist Perspective
Authors: Madan Anish , Garg Mansi , Satija Garvit , Sharma Barkha , Shaquiquzzaman Mohammad , Akhter Mymoona , Iqubal Ashif , Khan Mohammad Ahmed , Parvez Suhel , Das Anwesha , Sheikh Khursheed Ahmad , Alam Mohammad Mumtaz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was reported to be transmitted from bats to humans and, became a pandemic in 2020. COVID-19 is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide and still, the numbers are increasing. Further, despite the availability of vaccines, mutation in the virus continuously poses a threat of re-emergence of the more lethal form of the virus. So far, the repur-posing of drugs has been exercised heavily for the identification of therapeutic agents against COVID-19, which led FDA to approve many drugs for the same e.g., remdesivir, favipiravir, ribavi-rin, etc. The anti-COVID drugs explored via other approaches include nirmatrelvir (used in combi-nation with ritonavir as Paxlovid), tixagevimab and cilgavimab (both used in combination with each other) and others. However, these approved drugs failed to achieve a significant clinical outcome. Globally, natural bioactive have also been explored for anti-COVID-19 effects, based on their tradi-tional medicinal values. Although the clinical findings suggest that FDA-approved drugs and natu-ral bioactives can help reducing the overall mortality rate but the significant clinical outcome was not achieved. Therefore, the focus has been shifted towards new drug development. In line with that, a lot of work has been done and still going on to explore heterocyclic compounds as potent an-ti-COVID-19 drugs. Several heterocyclic scaffolds have been previously reported with potent anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-viral, antimicrobial and anti-tubercular effects. Few of them are un-der consideration for clinical trials whereas others are under preclinical investigation. Hence, this review discusses the evidence of rationally designed and tested heterocyclic compounds acting on different targets against COVID-19. The present article will help the researches and will serve as a pivotal resource in the design and development of novel anti-COVID-19 drugs.
Challenges and Discoveries in Polypharmacology of Neurodegenerative
Diseases
Authors: Scotti Luciana , Lustoza Rodrigues Teresa Carolliny Moreira , de Sousa Natália Ferreira , dos Santos Aline Matilde Ferreira , Aires Guimarães Renan Dantas , Scotti Marcus Tullius 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Neurological disorders are composed of several diseases that affect the central and peripheral nervous system; among these are neurodegenerative diseases, which lead to neuronal death. Many of these diseases have treatment for the disease and symptoms, leading pa-tients to use several drugs that cause side effects.

Introduction:
The search for new treatments has led to the investigation of multi-target drugs.

Method:
This review aimed to investigate in the literature the multi-target effect in neurological disorders through an in silico approach. Studies were reviewed on the diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease, cerebral ischemia, and Parkinson's disease.

Result:
As a result, the study emphasize the relevance of research by computational techniques such as quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) prediction models, pharmacokinetic pre-diction models, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics, besides presenting possible drug can-didates with multi-target activity.

Conclusion:
It was possible to identify several targets with pharmacological activities. Some of these targets had diseases in common such as carbonic anhydrase, acetylcholinesterase, NMDA, and MAO being relevant for possible multi-target approaches.
A Novel in silico SELEX Method to Screen and Identify Aptamers against
Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Rasouli Jazi Hamid Reza , Zeinoddini Mehdi , Arab Seyed Shahriar 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, has been responsible for
global epidemics and many other problems over the centuries. It is one of the main public health
issues in less-developed and developing countries and is considered one of the deadliest infectious
agents. Therefore, precise and susceptible detection of V. cholerae from environmental and biological
samples is critical. Aptamers provide a rapid, sensitive, highly specific, and inexpensive
alternative to traditional methods.

Objective:
The present study develops a new protocol inspired by the Systematic Evolution of
Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) to implement an in silico aptamer selection
against V. cholerae, which can also be employed in the case of other pathogenic microorganisms.

Methods:
First, we built an oligonucleotide pool and screened it based on the secondary structure.
Following that, we modeled the tertiary structures of filtered sequences and performed RNAprotein
dockings to assess binding affinities between RNA sequences and Outer Membrane Protein
U (OmpU), an effective marker in distinguishing epidemic strains of V. cholerae, which constitute
up to 60% of the total outer membrane protein. Finally, we used molecular dynamics simulation
to validate the results.

Results:
Three sequences (ChOmpUapta) were proposed as final aptameric candidates. Analysis of
the top-ranked docking results revealed that these candidate aptamers bound to all subunits of
OmpU at the extracellular side with high affinity. Moreover, ChOmpUapta-3 and ChOmpUapta-2
were fully stable and formed strong bonds under dynamic conditions.

Conclusion:
We propose incorporating these candidate sequences into aptasensors for V. cholerae
detection.
Global Food Production and Distribution Analysis using Data Mining and
Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Shekhar Himanshu , Sharma Abhilasha 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Today’s food industry is extensive and complicated, encompassing anything
from subsistence agriculture to multinational food corporations. The mobility of food and
food elements in food systems has a major impact on biodiversity preservation and the overall
sustainability of our fragile global ecosystem. Identifying the human and livestock consumption
patterns across regions and territories will optimize the dietary standards of the habitually undernourished
and the expanding population without substantially increasing the amount of land under
cultivation. Food preservation is the basis for economic advancement and social sustainability,
so the food industry, both local and global, is fundamental to everyone. As a primary mechanism
for ensuring global food preservation, there is currently a strong emphasis on accelerating
food supply and decreasing waste. Thus, analyzing the production and distribution of food supply
will boost economic sustainability.

Methods::
In this paper, we present a quantitative analysis of global and regional food supply
to reveal the flow of food and feed products in various parts of the world. Using data mining and
machine learning-based approaches, we seek to quantify the production and distribution of food
elements. The study aims to employ artificial intelligence-based methods to comprehend the shift
and change in supply and consumption patterns with timely distribution to meet the global food
instability. The method involves using statistical-based approaches to identify the hidden factors
and variables. Feature engineering is used to uncover the interesting features in the dataset, and
various clustering-based algorithms, like K-Means, have been utilized to group and identify the
similar and most notable features.

Results::
The concept of data mining and machine learning-based algorithms has helped us in
identifying the global food production and distribution subsystem. The identified elements and
their relationship can help stakeholders in regulating various external and internal factors, including
urbanization, urban food needs, the economic, political and social framework, food demand,
and supply flows. The exploratory analysis helps in establishing the efficiency and dynamism of
food supply and distribution systems.

Conclusion:
The outcome demonstrates a pattern indicating the flow of currently grown crops
into various endpoints. Few countries with massive populations have shown tremendous growth
in their production capacity. Despite the fact that only a few countries produce a large portion of
food and feed crops, still it is insufficient to feed the estimated global population. Significant
changes in many people's socioeconomic conditions, as well as radical dietary changes, will also
be required to boost agricultural credit and economic foundations.
An Analysis of Power Dynamics Affecting Handwashing Interventions in Sierra Leone: Findings From a Qualitative Participatory Study
Authors: Luetke Lanfer Hanna , Brew-Sam Nicola , Rossmann Constanze 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundHandwashing is an effective and cost-efficient health behavior for preventing infectious diseases; however, its practice is shaped by multiple contextual factors and inequalities between different social groups in Sierra Leone. To address these inequalities, participatory approaches that allow a more equitable distribution of resources and the development of locally tailored interventions are increasingly used. However, social power dynamics have not been well integrated into the concept of participation, despite their known impact.ObjectiveWe sought to investigate the role of power dynamics in participatory approaches to handwashing in Sierra Leone.MethodsFrom a socio-ecological perspective, this qualitative, formative interview study aimed to identify relevant actors and their power relationships before designing a participatory handwashing project in rural Sierra Leone. A field experiment with focus groups and a research diary compared the development of power dynamics in a participatory, community-driven approach with that in a nonparticipatory top-down approach.ResultsAccording to our formative study, in community-based projects, multiple groups and actors interact directly or indirectly with each other, located within a macro level (eg, political institutions), meso level (eg, community leaders and groups), and micro level (eg, families) of a socio-ecological model. Although distinct leadership structures were noticeable and affected intervention attendance and processes of change in nonparticipatory approaches, community-led activities and handwashing increased in the participatory approach, irrespective of the leadership structure. Despite their ambivalence, the strategic inclusion of different community leaders appeared essential to enhance the value of the project, mobilize creative action, and empower lower-ranking individuals to practice handwashing. A similar ambivalent role could be observed in relation to external researchers, especially if they come from a different cultural background than the research participants, for example, from a Western country in a non-Western project setting. Although external researchers can initiate a project or provide certain resources, distinct expectations regarding their roles and resources can impact participatory efforts and power relations.ConclusionsThe results highlight the advantages of participatory approaches for health promotion. Power dynamics should be a core component of continuous reflection and analysis in participatory projects.
Black Girls Run Too: A Content Analysis of the Black Girls Run National Facebook Group
Authors: Kalinowski Jolaade , Idiong Christie , Blackman-Carr Loneke , Cooksey-Stowers Kristen , Davis Sharde , Pan Cindy , Chhabra Alisha , Eaton Lisa , Gans Kim , Pagoto Sherry 
Published: January 2023

Background
Recent evidence suggests that 59%-73% of Black women are not reaching recommended targets for physical activity (PA). PA is a key modifiable lifestyle factor that can help mitigate risk for chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, which disproportionately affect Black women. Web-based communities focused on PA have been emerging in recent years as digital gathering spaces to provide support for PA in specific populations.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to conduct a content analysis of the Black Girls Run (BGR) Facebook page, which is devoted to promoting PA in Black women and has over 230,000 followers. Such data can inform future social media–based interventions.

Methods
We collected 397 posts and associated engagement data from the national BGR Facebook page for the 6-month period between June 1 and December 31, 2021. We then conducted a content analysis of these posts and examined which types of posts elicited the most engagement.

Results
The content analysis revealed 8 categories of posts: shout-outs (30.7%), goals or motivational posts (16.3%), announcements (15.9%), sponsored posts or advertisements (13.6%), health-related posts (11.0%), the lived Black experience posts (5.79%), self-care posts (3.78%), and holiday-related posts or greetings (2.02%). These 397 posts attracted a total of 55,573 engagements. Of these, 33,560 were “reactions” (eg, likes) and 5082 were shares. Shout-outs elicited the highest engagement (22,268 engagements), followed by goals or motivational posts (11,490 engagements).

Conclusions
The majority of content on the BGR Facebook page (62.9%) was focused on celebrating member achievements, motivating members to become active, and announcing and promoting active events. This content also attracted 75% of the engagement on this page. BGR appears to be a rich web-based community that offers social support for PA as well as culturally relevant health and social justice content. Web-based communities may be uniquely positioned to engage minoritized populations in health behavior. Further research should explore how to best leverage web-based communities in interventions to increase PA and other lifestyle behaviors.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Lecturer professionalism: Local problems with the help of teaching aids to make students understand Prim’s, Cruscal’s, and Djiksra’s algorithms
Authors: Harisman Yulyanti , Dwina Fitrani , Tasman Fridgo 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to design case-based learning with lesson study learning trajectory with the help of teaching aids to make students understand Prim’s, Cruscal’s, and Djiksra’s Algorithms. The validation study was selected because it is a suitable method for this research. The research subjects were 41 Mathematics Education Study Program Students at Universitas Negeri Padang. This research data were collected using Interview guidelines, journals, and observation sheets. Data analysis was carried out by transcribing interviews, reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions from the data. A lesson study was chosen as an alternative to improve and reflect on the learning process. Moreover, two expert lecturers supervised the groups during the learning process. A proper design of case-based learning with lesson study learning trajectory with the help of teaching aids development process is obtained. Using a case-based learning method can make students understand Prim’s, Cruscal’s, and Djiksra’s Algorithms. This design can be used by the other lecturers to provide a learning process of Prim’s, Cruscal’s, and Djiksra’s Algorithms or other topics.
Javanese ethnomathematics: Exploration of the Tedhak Siten tradition for class learning practices
Authors: Wiryanto  , Primaniarta M. Gita , Mattos Roberto Linhares de 
Published: January 2023

Tedhak Siten is a Javanese traditional ceremony that marks the 8th month of the baby’s age, marked by the baby's readiness to set foot on the ground. This tradition has a philosophical meaning with Javanese cultural values related to the concepts of calculating the ceremony time and the geometric shape of the ceremonial equipment used. The purpose of this study was to explore the cultural activities of the Javanese community by outlining the mathematical concepts contained in the implementation of the Tedhak Siten ceremony. This research was a qualitatively descriptive study through an ethnographic approach. Ethnomathematical data were collected from two experts those were the head of a traditional Javanese culture studio and a cultural actor active as a leader of Javanese traditional ceremonies. The ethnomathematics found in the study were counting the date or time for the implementation of the Tedhak Siten tradition and the elaboration of geometric concepts in the form of ceremonial equipment used to perform traditional customary procedures. This research had an impact as a mathematics learning material that originated from the wisdom of the local Javanese community by applying the concepts of time units, least common multiples, modulo 5, modulo 7, circles, triangles, rectangles, cylindrical volumes and spherical volumes.
Analisis Pemetaan Kesesuaian Ujian Keterampilan Klinis di Program Studi Kedokteran di Bali
Authors: Giri Made Kurnia Widiastuti , Lasmawan I Wayan , Putra Adnyana 
Published: January 2023

Analisis Pemetaan Kesesuaian Ujian Keterampilan Klinis di Program Studi Kedokteran di Bali Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri1, I Wayan Lasmawan2, Adnyana Putra 31,3 Kedoketran, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Singaraja2Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Singarajae-mail: AbstrakPembelajaran bidang kedokteran merupakan pendidikan yang mengacu pada tujuan pembelajaran keilmuwan dan keterampilan. Indikator penilaian dalam ujian keterampilan klinis terukur dalam daftar penilaian keterampilan. Indikator dalam penilaian keterampilan klinis ditetapkan berdasarkan standar kompetensi yang telah ditetapkan. Ujian keterampilan klinis dirancang dan dilaksanakan oleh program studi kesehatan termasuk di dalamnya program studi ilmu kedokteran. Program studi ilmu kesehatan seyogyanya melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan keseragaman pola dalam kurikulum yang diterapkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis permasalahan dala pelaksanaan ujian keterampialn klinis prodi kedokteran di Bali. Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh deskripsi lengkap tentang kebutuhan dalam keberhasilan pelaksanaan ujian Objective Structure Clinical Skills Examination (OSCE) di prodi kedokteran se-Bali dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif sebagai langkah awal pengembangan model ujian OSCE yang bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan kompetensi ketrampilan klinis mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menyajikan data deskriptif kualitatif secara terstruktur dalam sajian data yang diperoleh melalui narasi tahapan persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pelaksanaan OSCE. Sebagai kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah belum adanya pola yang sama antara prodi kedokteran dikarenakan belum adanya kegiatan review kurikulum sehingga keseragaman dalam pelaksanaan OSCE belum dapat dilaksanakan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi lebih lanjut kepada prodi kedokteran untuk melkauakn review kurikulum bersama karena dengan mereview secara bersama maka kompetensi setiap lulusan dari prodi kedokteran universitas yang berbeda akan berada dalam kategori setara.Kata kunci: Ujian Keterampilan Klinis, OSCE, Kedokteran
The Trends of Digital Da’wah: Cyber Media Analysis on Instagram Account
Authors: Nurul Khotimah  , Fitri Shafa Kamila  
Published: January 2023

The transformation of da'wah from time to time has entered the joints of technology. Da'wah, primarily conducted face-to-face, has now turned digital, especially through social media such as Instagram. @Ngajikyaigusbaha is an Instagram account that engages in da'wah activities through videos. The contents are delivered using video compilations of da'wah by Gus Baha. They are conveyed in an attractive and straightforward visual presentation, making it easier and more understandable for the audience. This research's objective is to find out and analyze the forms of digital da'wah trends on the @ngajikyaigusbaha account. This research data was collected from virtual interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed using cyber media analysis, including four unit levels; media space, media archive, media object, and experience. The results showed the digital da'wah trend on the @ngajikyaigusbaha account at each level as follows: 1) The media space level; the da'wah adopted the preaching of Gus Baha and gained 93,6 thousand followers. 2) The media document level; the content contains the real-life phenomenon within society in videos, either in video recordings or attractive visuals, up to 3-4 contents in a day covering messages of aqidah, morality, and syariah. 3) Media object level; there are interactions between users and admins. 4) Media experience level; the uploaded contents are relevant to real life and experienced by almost all followers.
Examination of Asik Davut Sulari Turkish Folk Songs in the Context of Values Education
Authors: TERZİOĞLU Ahmet Mutlu , DEMİREL Serkan , LEHİMLER Eren 
Published: January 2023

This research aims to determine the value themes in the examples of Turkish Folk Music registered in the TRT Turkish Folk Music repertoire and whose source person is Aşık Davut Sulari and to raise awareness in the context of the use of our Turkish Folk Music examples within the scope of values education given in Music, Turkish and Literature courses.
The material group of the study consists of 18 Turkish folk songs registered in the TRT repertoire and whose source person is Aşık Davut Sulari. These folk songs, which constitute the central theme of the study, were determined through a literature review. The study has a qualitative structure, and content analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used to determine the value themes in folk songs. As a result, 19 different value themes were investigated in the folk songs whose content analysis was made.
As a result of the content analysis, the value that was found to be processed the most (in 17 songs) was the “love” value, and the values that were found to be processed the least (1 song each) were “mercy”, “compassion”, “modesty”, “forgiveness” and “austerity”. The folk song in which the most value was determined in the lyrics (7 values) was determined as “Vardım Kırklar Kapısına” and the folk songs with the least value (2 values) were determined as “Bir Yiğit Gurbete Düşse”, “Durnam Gelir Bizim Elden”, “Ey Hamamcı Bu Hamamı”, “Şepke’nin Kavakları”, “Yaban Gülü müsün Sarp Kayalarda” and “Yaz Ayları Geldi Geçti”. Another finding obtained as a result of the content analysis is that the values of “respect,” “sobriety” and “generosity” are not used in any folk songs.