bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First record of two Leptothecata medusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Colombia with annotations on their distribution and ecology
Authors: Llorente-Vega Jorge , Cedeño-Posso Cristina , Quirós-Rodríguez Jorge 
Published: January 2025

Hydromedusae are a group of planktonic cnidarians that represent the medusoid phase in the life cycle of most members of the class Hydrozoa, whose primary function is to produce and release gametes. These organisms are generally small and translucent, with slight pigmentation, except for those that inhabit great depths and exhibit the typical body shape of a jellyfish. In Colombia, studies on this group are limited due to the scarcity of updated taxonomic information and the small number of expert scientists. The most recent inventory records 71 species in the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
In this study, we report for the first time the presence of Eucheilota duodecimalis and Eutonina scintillans in Colombia, based on 28 zooplankton samples collected from seven stations between February and May 2024, using horizontal tows with a simple conical zooplankton net. Our research emphasises the significance of scientific exploration in new geographic regions and provides valuable data on the distribution and ecology of these species, contributing to a deeper understanding of their population dynamics.
A Study of Clinicoepidemiological Features and Association with Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Polymorphic Light Eruption
Authors: Pulletikurti Mrudula , Gopal KVT , Raju PV Krishnam , Bulla Rekha Rani 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Polymorphic light eruption (PLE) is the most common idiopathic acquired photodermatosis. Previous studies have found an association between PLE and thyroid dysfunction.

Objectives:
The present study was conducted to study the clinicoepidemiological features and association with autoimmune thyroiditis in PLE.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 100 clinically diagnosed cases of PLE and 100 age- and sex-matched controls. In all patients, detailed history was taken regarding the skin eruptions, occupation, and symptoms of thyroid abnormality. Thorough clinical examination of skin lesions and thyroid gland was performed. Both cases and controls were subjected to thyroid function tests (TFTs) and patients with abnormal TFTs were further screened for thyroid autoantibodies.

Results:
The study included 61 females and 39 males with 20–40 years being the most common age group affected. Forearms, face, and neck were the most frequently affected body sites. A total of 45 cases and 9 controls showed abnormal thyroid profile (P = 0.0000), out of which thyroid autoantibodies were present in 18 cases and 3 controls (P = 0.0005). Ten out of 47 cases (21.2%) with primary episode of PLE and 35 out of 53 cases (66%) with recurrent PLE had abnormal TFT (P = 0.00001).

Conclusion:
All cases of PLE should be clinically examined for thyroid disorder and tested for TFT and thyroid autoantibodies in view of the significant association found between PLE and thyroid dysfunction. Prompt detection and treatment of thyroid dysfunction helps in preventing long-term morbidity and complications.
Unveiling the Enigma of Cutaneous Adnexal Tumors: A 2-year Clinicopathological Study in a Tertiary Care Center of the Sub-Himalayan Region
Authors: Gulati Anchana , Gupta Mudita , Dattal Digvijay 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Cutaneous adnexal tumors (CATs) are a group of heterogeneous tumors of the pilosebaceous or eccrine-apocrine origin. Specific diagnosis of CATs is difficult to make. We conducted this retrospective study in a tertiary care center to observe the clinical and histopathological features of CATs.

Materials and Methods:
Demographic, clinical features, and histopathologic characteristics of all CATs were collected from records of the dermatology and pathology department over 2 years.

Results:
There were a total of 44 cases of CATs, accounting for 2.8% of total biopsies. The mean age was 41.3636 ± 18.499 years with a female:male ratio of 1.4:1. Head and neck was the most common site involved in 63.64% of cases; involvement of the face was more common than the scalp. Tumors of follicular origin were seen in 45.4%, eccrine in 43.2%, and those of sebaceous origin in 11.3% of cases. Pilomatricoma was the most common CAT of follicular origin and hidradenoma of eccrine origin. There were 6.8% of malignant CATs. Clinical diagnosis correlated with histopathological findings in 22.7% of cases.

Limitations:
Not all cases of CATs were sent for histopathological evaluation so the true incidence of these tumors could not be determined. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were not done.

Conclusion:
Making a specific diagnosis of CATs is difficult. A larger number of samples need to be sent for histopathological evaluation so as to sensitize both clinicians and pathologists for a specific diagnosis.
Usefulness of immature platelet fraction measurement in predicting hematologic recovery in patients with acute leukemias undergoing high-intensity chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation
Authors: López Ana Beatriz Sánchez , Cordero Rolando Humberto Martínez , Luque Gloria Patricia Duarte , Calle Rose Mary Jaramillo , Hawkins Melody Mary Lever , Martínez Lina María Sopó , Ramírez Alexandra Porras , Mendoza Alejandro Rico 
Published: January 2025

Background and Objectives
The immature platelet fraction (IPF) count is a parameter that quantifies young and reticulated platelets in peripheral blood, which reflects platelet production in the bone marrow. It has been used as a predictive model for bone marrow recovery in patients with acute leukemia after high-intensity chemotherapy and/or stem cell transplantation. This study aimed to evaluate IPF as a predictor of hematologic recovery in these patients.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with acute leukemias after high-intensity chemotherapy or undergoing stem cell transplantation, treated at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC) (Bogotá, Colombia) between October 2020 and March 2021.
The variables studied included age, sex, type of leukemia, type of treatment, type of chemotherapy, treatment duration, peripheral blood platelet count, percentage of IPF (IPF%), and peripheral blood neutrophil count. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to evaluate the relationship between the IPF behavior and hematologic recovery. Statistical analysis was performed using the R package version 4.2.0® (free license).

Results
Between October 2020 and March 2021, 32 patients were analyzed, with a median age of 26 years; the male population was 59.4%. Acute lymphoid leukemia was the most frequent type in 62.5%; 43.7% of patients received chemotherapy, while the others underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Hematologic recovery occurred between days 15 and 30. Spearman’s correlation was 0.27 with a p=0.13 for recovery day and IPF% (weak correlation).

Conclusion
There is limited information regarding the usefulness of IPF% in hematology. The IPF% was not found to be a predictor of hematologic recovery in patients with acute leukemia after chemotherapy and/or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The lack of correlation does not allow for assuming a reliable cut-off point. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed.
Investigation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Riluzole on Matrix Metalloproteinases in an Experimental Model of Glaucoma
Authors: Yildiz Fatma , Sahinoglu-Keskek Nedime , Yilmaz Işıl Tan , Candan İbrahim Aydin , Korkmaz Orhan Tansel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
To investigate the neuroprotective effect of riluzole through matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in rats, in an experimental glaucoma model.

Methods:
A total of 28 Wistar albino rats, 3–4 months old, weighing 250–300 g, were divided into four groups; Group I (control), Group II (glaucoma), Group III (glaucoma + corn oil + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and Group IV (glaucoma + corn oil + DMSO + riluzole). A glaucoma model was created by episcleral vein cauterization in the left eyes of Group II, III, and IV subjects. After the formation of the model, daily intraperitoneal riluzole (5 mg/kg) administration was started. At the end of 7 weeks, retinal tissues were taken and some parts of them were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological examinations. In the other part, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions were determined using real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical techniques.

Results:
As a result, a statistically significant increase in intraocular pressures (IOP) was found in Groups II, III, and IV when compared with the control eyes after 7 weeks (P < 0.001). There was a decrease in IOP in the riluzole group compared to the glaucoma group. Expression levels in both genes decreased slightly with riluzole administration. In the histopathological evaluation of the groups, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the findings of degeneration in ganglion cells, hemorrhage, and differentiation in layers.

Conclusions:
MMP-2 and MMP-9 exhibited decreased expression levels in both Group III (glaucoma + corn oil + DMSO) and Group IV (glaucoma + corn oil + DMSO + 5 mg/kg riluzole) compared to the glaucoma groups in Group II. Given that both Group III and Group IV received injections of corn oil + DMSO, this conclusion was drawn.
Exploring the Ocular Transmission Potential of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and the Assessment of Conjunctival Swab Test Results: A Concise Review
Authors: Mirzaei Arash , Djalilian Ali , Baharnoori Seyed Mahbod , Bohrani Sefidan Bahram , Shahriari Mansoor , Cheraqpour Kasra , Ghassemi Mahmood , Kufta Allison , Soleimani Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate the possibility of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission through the eyes, particularly through the ocular surface and conjunctival route, as well as the positivity of conjunctival swab test.

Methods:
A narrative review was conducted to assess the possibility of COVID-19 transmission and the role of conjunctival swabs in diagnosing COVID-19 patients. Several studies were analyzed to compare the positivity rates and sensitivities of conjunctival swabs versus nasopharyngeal swabs.

Results:
Despite the fact that respiratory droplets are the major route of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission, the eyes can potentially serve as an active (via tears) or passive route (via the nasolacrimal duct) of infection. Besides, conjunctival swabs exhibited a low positive rate and sensitivity for detecting COVID-19 compared to nasopharyngeal swabs. While nasopharyngeal swabs typically showed positivity rates between 60% and 100%, conjunctival swabs ranged from showing no detectable evidence to a 57% positivity rate.

Conclusions:
Despite the low transmission rate through the eyes, thorough consideration is necessary as ocular transmission cannot be entirely ruled out. Further research and vigilance are warranted to better understand and mitigate potential ocular routes of COVID-19 transmission.
A Study of Bacteriological Profiles, Biofilm Production, and Antibiotic Susceptibility among Isolates of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Goyal Dimpal , Pal Nita , Agrawal Yash , Hooja Saroj 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid mucosa. Biofilms act as non-selective physical barriers that obstruct antibiotic diffusion and hinder immune responses facilitating chronic bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance.

Aims and Objectives:
To study biofilm production among bacteria causing CSOM and their antibiotic resistance.

Materials and Methods:
This hospital-based descriptive type of observational study was done in the ENT department and Department of Microbiology. Ear discharge samples from 100 clinically diagnosed CSOM patients were collected and processed. Bacterial isolates were identified, and drug susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Biofilm production was detected by the microtiter plate method.

Results:
Among 100 patients included in the study, the most predominant isolate was Staphylococcus aureus (44.0%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36.0%). Biofilm production was detected in 59.0% of isolates. Biofilm production was observed in 97.7% S. aureus isolates. Among Gram-negative isolates, biofilm production was observed in 40.0% of Klebsiella spp., 36.0% P. aeruginosa, and 22.2% E. coli. All isolates of S. aureus were susceptible to vancomycin, tigecycline, and linezolid (100%). Methicillin resistance was found in 25.6% S. aureus isolates. A susceptibility of 100% was observed with colistin and piperacillin-tazobactam among P. aeruginosa isolates.

Conclusion:
Ear discharge should be sent for culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing before initiation of empirical antibiotic treatment. Biofilm production is frequently associated with multi-drug resistance, so it should be tested routinely in laboratories. This will help in effective management of CSOM, prevent development of complications, and thereby prevent deafness.
Effects of Different Genres of Electronic Games on Spatial Skills and Intelligence Quotient of Undergraduate Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mangal Disha , Gupta Reshu , Mangal Shweta , Agarwal Gopesh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Spatial quotient and intelligence quotient are attributes of personality and follow the theory of use disuse atrophy. Thus, any attribute can be enhanced by exercising it. In India, there is a dearth of studies exploring the influence of gaming on skills like spatial quotient and intelligence quotient.

Aims:
The present study implies to find the relationship of different genres of electronic gaming (simulation, action, strategy, role-playing) on spatial abilities and intelligence quotient and determine the correlation between spatial and intelligence quotients.

Materials and Methods:
The cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 months on undergraduate students of medical colleges across Rajasthan after obtaining ethics approval. An online IQ and spatial quotient test were conducted through Google Forms. The SQ test also tested different subdomains (Spatial perception, mental rotation, and spatiotemporal ability) of SQ. The participants were divided into two groups, 100 gamers and non-gamers. The gamers were categorized on the types of games they played like strategy, action, simulation, and role-playing.

Results:
Maximum (67%) of the gamers were males and the majority (83%) had an urban background. More male gamers 42 (62.68%) than female gamers19 (57.57%) had resorted to playing electronic games during the COVID-19 pandemic. 55.2% of males played action games whereas 48.48% of females played strategy games. More participants were found to be playing electronic games with friends (53%) than with family or alone. The difference between the IQ scores of gamers (77.515 ± 14.41) and non-gamers (76.37 ± 16.48) was not significant. Mean spatial quotient scores for all genres’ gamers were 18.64 ± 2.53 as compared to non-gamers 14.25 ± 3.67, this was statistically significant. A moderate positive correlation was recorded between IQ and SQ (R = 0.5711). As compared to other genre players, action gamers had high mental rotation skills (Mean SQ = 9 ± 0.59) while strategy players had enhanced spatiotemporal abilities. (Mean SQ = 9 ± 0.68)

Conclusions:
The study recognizes the association between spatial quotient, intelligence quotient, and electronic gaming. The findings suggest that, while gamers exhibit high spatial skills, the influence on overall intelligence is not as pronounced. These insights can facilitate future research and interventions aimed at promoting desirable cognitive patterns in individuals engaged in electronic gaming.
Parallel intravascular lithotripsy catheters technique for calcified atherosclerotic abdominal aortic stenosis
Authors: Xue Song , Shi Huihua , Zhao Zhen , Yin Minyi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Calcified atherosclerotic abdominal aortic stenosis is a rare and challenging condition, with heavily annular calcification limiting the effectiveness of traditional endovascular treatments.

METHODS:
A 66-year-old female with severe abdominal aortic stenosis underwent treatment using a parallel intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) catheter technique. Bilateral femoral access and arterial embolization were followed by parallel IVL angioplasty, stent implantation, and postdilation. A swine model was used to assess vascular injury after parallel IVL.

RESULTS:
The parallel IVL technique significantly relieved the stenosis without complications, as confirmed by angiography. In the swine model, histological analysis showed no significant vascular injury, except for expected intimal disruption and elastic lamina stretching.

CONCLUSION:
Parallel IVL catheter angioplasty is a feasible and safe approach for heavily calcified abdominal aortic stenosis, warranting further studies to validate its long-term outcomes.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease among patients with newly diagnosed ketosis-onset diabetes
Authors: Li Meng-Han , Xu Man-Rong , Wang Yu-Jie , Shen Li , Chen Ming-Yun , Li Lian-Xi 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
The prevalence and clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among patients with ketosis-onset diabetes (also known as ketosis-prone diabetes) remain unclear. Furthermore, the classification of ketosis-onset diabetes remains controversial and requires further investigation.
AIM
To investigate the prevalence and clinical features of CKD in patients with newly diagnosed ketosis-onset diabetes.
METHODS
This real-world study included 217 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), 698 with ketosis-onset diabetes, and 993 with non-ketotic T2DM. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of CKD were compared among the three groups. Risk factors associated with CKD were evaluated using binary logistic regression for each group.
RESULTS
After adjusting for age and sex, the prevalence of CKD among patients with ketosis-onset diabetes (17.8%) was significantly higher than that in those with T1DM (8.3%, P = 0.007), but was not statistically different compared to those with non-ketotic T2DM (21.7%, P = 0.214). Furthermore, some risk factors for CKD, including age, and serum uric acid and C-reactive protein levels, in patients with ketosis-onset diabetes were similar to those with T2DM, but significantly different from those with T1DM.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors for CKD among patients with ketosis-onset diabetes were more similar to those with non-ketotic T2DM but considerably different from those with T1DM. These findings further support the classification of ketosis-onset diabetes as a subtype of T2DM rather than idiopathic T1DM.
N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase Wilms tumor 1-associated protein impedes diabetic wound healing through epigenetically activating DNA methyltransferase 1
Authors: Xiao Ren-Jie , Wang Tian-Jiao , Wu Dan-Yin , Yang Shui-Fa , Gao Hai , Gan Pei-Dong , Yi Yang-Yan , Zhang You-Lai 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Diabetic wound injury is a significant and common complication in individuals with diabetes. N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-related epigenetic regulation is widely involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. However, the function of m6A methyltransferase Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) in diabetic wound healing remains elusive.
AIM
To investigate the potential epigenetic regulatory mechanism of WTAP during diabetic wound healing.
METHODS
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were induced with high glucose (HG) to establish in vitro cell model. Male BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to mimic diabetes, and full-thickness excision was made to mimic diabetic wound healing. HG-induced HUVECs and mouse models were treated with WTAP siRNAs and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) overexpression vectors. Cell viability and migration ability were detected by cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assays. In vitro angiogenesis was measured using a tube formation experiment. The images of wounds were captured, and re-epithelialization and collagen deposition of skin tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson’s trichrome staining.
RESULTS
The expression of several m6A methyltransferases, including METTL3, METTL14, METTL16, KIAA1429, WTAP, and RBM15, were measured. WTAP exhibited the most significant elevation in HG-induced HUVECs compared with the normal control. WTAP depletion notably restored cell viability and enhanced tube formation ability and migration of HUVECs suppressed by HG. The unclosed wound area of mice was smaller in WTAP knockdown-treated mice than in control mice at nine days post-wounding, along with enhanced re-epithelialization rate and collagen deposition. The m6A levels on DNMT1 mRNA in HUVECs were repressed by WTAP knockdown in HUVECs. The mRNA levels and expression of DNMT1 were inhibited by WTAP depletion in HUVECs. Overexpression of DNMT1 in HUVECs notably reversed the effects of WTAP depletion on HG-induced HUVECs.
CONCLUSION
WTAP expression is elevated in HG-induced HUVECs and epigenetically regulates the m6A modification of DNMT1 to impair diabetic wound healing.
LEF1 influences diabetic retinopathy and retinal pigment epithelial cell ferroptosis via the miR-495-3p/GRP78 axis through lnc-MGC
Authors: Luo Yi-Yi , Ba Xue-Ying , Wang Ling , Zhang Ye-Pin , Xu Hong , Chen Pei-Qi , Zhang Li-Bo , Han Jian , Luo Heng 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major eye diseases contributing to blindness worldwide. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in retinal cells is a key factor leading to retinal inflammation and vascular leakage in DR, but its mechanism is still unclear.
AIM
To investigate the potential mechanism of LEF1 and related RNAs in DR.
METHODS
ARPE-19 cells were exposed to high levels of glucose for 24 hours to simulate a diabetic environment. Intraperitoneally injected streptozotocin was used to induce the rat model of DR. The expression levels of genes and related proteins were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blotting; lnc-MGC and miR-495-3p were detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization; CCK-8 and TUNEL assays were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect inflammatory factors; dual-luciferase gene assays were used to verify the targeting relationship; and the retina was observed by HE staining.
RESULTS
LEF1 and lnc-MGC have binding sites, and lnc-MGC can regulate the miR-495-3p /GRP78 molecular axis. In high glucose-treated cells, inflammation was aggravated, the intracellular reactive oxygen species concentration was increased, cell viability was reduced, apoptosis was increased, the ER response was intensified, and ferroptosis was increased. As an ER molecular chaperone, GRP78 regulates the ER and ferroptosis under the targeting of miR-495-3p , whereas inhibiting LEF1 can further downregulate the expression of lnc-MGC , increase the level of miR-495-3p , and sequentially regulate the level of GRP78 to alleviate the occurrence and development of DR. Animal experiments indicated that the knockdown of LEF1 can affect the lnc-MGC /miR-495-3p /GRP78 signaling axis to restrain the progression of DR.
CONCLUSION
LEF1 knockdown can regulate the miR-495-3p /GRP78 molecular axis through lnc-MGC , which affects ER stress and restrains the progression of DR and ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells.