bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXOGENOUS CARIES PREVENTION BY APPLYING THE THREE-COMPONENT CALCIUM-FLUORINE-PHOSPHATE-CONTAINING GEL IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TOOTH ENAMEL RESISTANCE
Authors: Lukashevich Inessa , Skripkina Galina , Gorbunova Irina , Lukashevich Lidiya 
Published: May 2023

Subject. Dental prophylaxis in pregnant women is frequently ineffective, and the indicators to characterize the dental caries intensity, and its growth rate during pregnancy have been persisted at a fairly high level. The tooth tissues resistance degree to aggressive factors of the oral cavity may be considered to be the significant. The teeth resistance to caries is determined by morphological structure of the enamel. A three-component calcium-phosphate-fluorine-containing gel improves the quality characteristics of tooth enamel, which is confirmed by the data of the KOSRE-test (clinical determination of enamel remineralization rate) and the electrical conductivity of tooth enamel. The dynamic assessment of using the three-component calcium-phosphate-fluorine-containing gel effectiveness as a mean of preventing caries in pregnant women with different levels of tooth enamel resistance to demineralization processes has been quoted.
Objectives. Evaluation of the effectiveness of caries prevention using the three-component calcium-phosphate-fluorine-containing gel in pregnant women with different levels of resistance.
Methodology. Clinical examining and observing 126 pregnant women with different levels of resistance have been performed. As a means of caries prevention, the three-component calcium-phosphate-fluorine-containing gel with the ratio Ca:F:P = 2:1:1 was used.
Results. After applying a three-component calcium-phosphate-fluorine-containing gel the tooth enamel electrical conductivity of women with different levels of resistance has significantly decreased in comparison with the initial values. According to the KPUP Index data any statistically significant increasing in new carious cavities hasn’t been noticed after a year after using the three-component calcium-phosphate-fluorine-containing gel. By the way a low degree of tooth enamel compliance to the acid influencing, and the statistically significant rate of artificial demineralization focus recovering have been noted after using the gel.
Conclusion. The caries-prophylactic measures have been determined to have to be administered for pregnant women with taking into account the tooth resistance level, because the teeth enamel at pregnant women with different levels of resistance has dissimilar resistance to demineralization processes.
The three-component calcium-phosphate-fluorine-containing gel prescribed by using application is considered to be the versatile mean of caries prevention for pregnant women with different levels of resistance that has been confirmed by improving the electrical conductivity of tooth enamel to be the indicator of its mineralization, the data of the KOSRE-test, and the values of the DMFT Index (sum of all surfaces of permanent and milk teeth affected by caries, filled and removed) in observation dynamics.
TO THE PROBLEM OF DIAGNOSTICS IN PREVENTIVE ENDODONTICS
Authors: Myasoedova Ksenia , Firsova Irina , Krajnov Sergej , Popova Alexandra , Yakovlev Anatoliy , Alekhanova Irina , Vasenev Evgenij 
Published: May 2023

Subject. The most significant problem of modern preventive endodontics is to determine the vitality of the pulp and, accordingly, to make a decision about the choice of treatment method. The early stages of inflammation in the pulp may not be fully detected clinically and require the inclusion of additional examination methods that assess the state of microcirculation in the neurovascular bundle, as well as the severity of the immune response. These methods include: clinical and immunological examination of the gingival fluid (GF), as well as the assessment of tissue perfusion using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF).
Objectives. The purpose of the study is to optimize the diagnostics of the dental pulp condition in the context of implementing the concept of preventive endodontics.
Methodology. 37 patients aged 19–29 years with a diagnosis of K 04.00 "Pulp hyperemia" were examined. In addition to the basic methods of examination, LDF and immunological study of GF (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4) were used. In each patient, 1 tooth with pulp hyperemia and 1 intact (control) tooth were examined.
Results. In the immunological analysis of DF in the area of teeth with pulp hyperemia, higher values of cytokines were obtained compared to intact teeth (p < 0.05). At the same time, in the area of 2 teeth with pulp hyperemia (5.4%), the level of cytokines was higher than their average values in the group of carious teeth. LDF of teeth with pulpal hyperemia also revealed higher values of M and σ compared with similar parameters in control teeth (p < 0.05). At the same time, in 2 cases, the highest levels of LDF were noted, which was consistent with the previously observed high values of cytokines in the gingival fluid in these loci. Moreover, after 2 weeks, a clinic of irreversible pulpitis was observed in these 2 teeth.
Conclusion. When diagnosing reversible forms of pulpitis and deciding on the possibility of biological treatment of pulp hyperemia, it is necessary to assess the state of microcirculatory changes that have occurred in the pulp tissue, as well as the level of local immunological reactions.
Exploring the impact of generational differences on university study decisions in Slovakia
Authors: Nikola Šabíková  , Kamila Valentová  , Radomír Masaryk  , Aleš Neusar  , Sokolová Lenka 
Published: May 2023

Students whose parents did not study at a university (first-generation students) exhibit differences in how they decide whether and what to study, compared to students whose parents attended university. In our study, we looked for possible similarities and differences between these two groups of students. The participants were Slovak students aged from 18 to 22 (N = 357). The data were collected using an online questionnaire. The results showed that it was significantly more important for second-generation students, whose parents had university degree experience, to continue the family tradition when deciding to study than for first-generation students. The results also revealed that the internet is the most important source of information for students when choosing the subject of their studies. At present, higher education institutions strongly compete for students and, consequently, we recommend that universities pay attention to different target groups of students and develop intervention programs aimed at retaining them. It is equally important that universities keep up with the times and provide relevant information on their websites in today’s digital world.
Received: 8 March 2022 Accepted: 16 April 2023
¿Por qué y cómo Garcilaso heredó de su padre el título de Inca? Una lectura selectiva y comparativa de los Comentarios reales de los Incas y de algunos documentos garcilacistas
Authors: Duviols Pierre 
Published: May 2023

A partir de la lectura de los Comentarios reales de los Incas y la Historia general del Perú de Garcilaso de la Vega, el presente artículo estudia las razones de que se valió el destacado escritor mestizo para justificar el uso del título de Inca.Para ello, se analizan con profundidad las estrategias argumentativas usadas para tal fin.
Poder y política. El Partido Civil antes de la Guerra con Chile
Authors: Mücke Ulrich 
Published: May 2023

El artículo analiza el surgimiento del Partido Civil antes de la Guerra con Chile. Señala primero las características sobresalientes de la burguesía limeña, clase social de la cual emergió dicho partido. Después analiza el rol del Congreso, de las elecciones y de la presidencia de Manuel Pardo. En el Congreso, el partido logró imponerse a sus opositores gracias al voto unificado de sus miembros. Las elecciones, a su vez, exigieron un esfuerzo común de los civilistas, que debido a la legislación electoral se repetía cada dos años. A pesar de su fuerza, el partido no implementó reformas de importancia durante la presidencia de Pardo. Al final, el artículo explica la conformación social elitista del partido y sus rasgos eminentemente limeños.
La reafirmación de la política de auto-sustento de los curatos en el IV Concilio mexicano
Authors: Aguirre Rodolfo 
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es exponer los motivos del alto clero y de la Corona para reafirmar la política de lo que aquí llamo «auto-sustento» de los curatos. Para esos poderes era más conveniente que cada curato se autofinanciara a tener que buscar nuevas fuentes de ingreso, lo cual podía desembocar en un mayor reparto del diezmo o extraer recursos de la Real Hacienda, como plantearon algunas voces aisladas en el IV Concilio provincial mexicano de 1771. La tendencia fue, por el contrario, garantizar que los fieles sustentaran a cada parroquia.
Política imperial, presión fiscal y crisis política en el virreinato del Perú durante el gobierno del virrey conde de Castellar, 1674-1678
Authors: Suárez Margarita 
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las medidas que tomó el virrey conde de Castellar con el fin de sanear la Real Hacienda. Como se demostrará, en la primera mitad del siglo XVII el erario era manejado por los virreyes y oficiales reales en estrecha colaboración con los sectores financieros y comerciales que estaban bajo la tutela o gozaban del favor de los representantes del monarca. Cuando llegó Castellar, en 1674, intentó corregir parte de las irregularidades que existían en el erario, y esta política fue exitosa en tanto logró aumentar los ingresos de la Caja de Lima después de la hecatombe de la década de 1660. Sin embargo, en el camino hubo de enfrentarse a los oficiales reales y, sobre todo, al Consulado de Lima, que era el responsable de los ingresos más importantes de la Caja de Lima después de las remesas mineras. En un cerrar de ojos, el virrey desacomodó los términos en los cuales se habían establecido las relaciones entre la élite comercial, los virreyes y la Real Hacienda.
El cabildo eclesiástico de Lima bajo la Unión de Armas, 1639-1648
Authors: Sato Masaki 
Published: May 2023

Los historiadores han argumentado que la Iglesia peruana colaboró con la reforma fiscal de la monarquía española durante el reinado de Felipe IV. Este artículo, sin embargo, revisa esta afirmación al examinar el comportamiento del cabildo eclesiástico de Lima frente al proyecto de la Unión de Armas, la pieza clave de dicha reforma. Esta investigación analiza las disputas sobre la aplicación de la reforma a través de las opiniones del cabildo de la catedral y el virrey marqués de Mancera que tenían puntos de vista diferentes en torno a cómo debía llevarse a cabo el cobro del diezmo sobre el vino. Además, examina un pleito entre el diezmero y el tesorero del arzobispado. Esto permite ver cómo un sector de la Iglesia estuvo involucrado en el fraude fiscal y resistió la reforma de la Corona.
Culturas infantis de crianças pantaneiras em contexto escolar: o protagonismo como elemento de desenvolvimento da cultura local
Authors: Brostolin Marta Regina , Carvalho Janaina Nogueira Maia 
Published: May 2023

A região do Pantanal sul-mato-grossense, por meio da implantação de suas escolas-fazenda, abre possibilidades para investigações e, nesse contexto, emerge este texto, que apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de doutoramento. A investigação de abordagem qualitativa e cunho etnográfico teve por sujeitos as crianças pantaneiras de uma escola-fazenda localizada no município de Aquidauana, estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. O texto em questão tem por objetivo identificar as re(criações) e apropriações das crianças pantaneiras nas brincadeiras infantis, em contexto escolar, ilustrativas de seu protagonismo e marco da cultura local. Ancora-se nos pressupostos da Sociologia da Infância, que reconhece as crianças como atores sociais, protagonistas de suas histórias de vida. Utiliza para a coleta de dados a observação participante, caderno de campo, fotografias e roda de conversa, como modo de conhecer o grupo e interagir em meio às suas brincadeiras, que manifestam o protagonismo infantil. Os resultados evidenciam que as crianças pantaneiras, por meio de ações interativas em suas brincadeiras, carregam conhecimentos individuais construídos nas experiências cotidianas dos seus mundos sociais e culturais mais amplos e vão, de alguma forma, assumindo elementos compartilhados da interação com outras crianças e adultos, gerando, assim, as re(criações) e apropriações de suas vidas pantaneiras.
Integrasi Program Adiwiyata Dengan Dimensi Manajerial Sekolah Di SMPN 1 Lembeyan Magetan
Authors: Sulastri  , AB. Musyafa’ Fathoni  
Published: May 2023

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya sikap kurang peduli lingkungan di kalangan masyarakat terutama kaum remaja. Dalam hal ini peran sekolah sangat dibutuhkan untuk membentuk karakter peduli lingkungan siswa, untuk menyikapi hal tersebut sekolah mengimplementasikan program adiwiyata. Namun dalam menerapkan program tersebut sekolah harus mampu mengintegrasikan program adiwiyata dengan seluruh aspek manajerial sekolah, agar semua dapat terlaksana dengan lancar. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan meliputi pengumpulan data, penyajian data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan latar belakang sekolah menerapkan adiwiyata, dan menguraikan implikasi adiwiyata terhadap aspek manajerial sekolah, serta mengetahui cara sekolah dalam menyinkronisasikan program adiwiyata dengan aspek manajerial sekolah. Temuan yang diperoleh, dalam melaksanakan program adiwiyata dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya instruksi dari dinas pendidikan, maka dari itu adiwiyata di SMPN 1 Lembeyan bisa dikatakan sebagai bentuk kebijakan top down. Penerapan program adiwiyata berimplikasi pada dimensi manajerial sekolah yang bersifat penambahan, perubahan dan pengurangan. Upaya yang dilakukan sekolah dalam menyinkronisasi program adiwiyata dengan aspek manajerial sekolah dilakukan dengan beberapa bentuk di antaranya adalah dengan melakukan akulturasi, penempatan, identifikasi dan interaksi.
إبستمولوجيا نظرية تضافر القرائن لتمام حسان
Authors: Imron Rosidi  , Zahrul Fata  
Published: May 2023

الـملخص
إن وجود النظرية النقدية المستوحاة من كارل ماركس موجه في الواقع لاستعادة القيم الإنسانية والكرامة ككل. لذلك، فهو أكثر تحررًا. كملاحظة حاسمة، على الرغم من وجود نظرية نقدية في روح ماركس، إلا أن هذا لا يعني أن يتبنى نفسه وأن يكون عقائديًا. وبسبب ذلك، تُعرف هذه النظرية النقدية عمومًا باسم الماركسية الجديدة. ومع ذلك، في الواقع، كانت هذه النظرية النقدية مقتبسة من أساس الماركسية وروحها، أي تنظيم البشر المتحررين من قيود خلقهم. يهدف هذا المقال إلى تقديم النظرية النقدية لمدرسة فرانكفورت وتأثيرها على فكر اللغوي العربي تمام حسان لفهم الأنساب العلمية والمعرفية من خلال إحدى نظرياته، وهي "تضافر القرائن". هذا البحث عبارة عن دراسة مكتبية باستخدام تحليل الخطاب والنص بطريقة نظرية التأريض. ومن ثمّ استخدم نموذج ترميز شتراوس وكوربين بطريقة تحليل المحتوى من فيليب ما يرنج. ومصادر البيانات الأولية لـهذه الدراسة هي كتب تمام حسن. وتشير نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى وجود تأثير للنظرية النقدية لمدرسة فرانكفورت على فكر تمام حسن في نظرية تضافر القرائن بمؤشرات التفكير التاريخي والكلية، ونقد المقولات العلمية، ولا يفصل بين النظرية والتطبيق. وفي الوقت نفسه، فإن النقاط الحاسمة لمدرسة فرانكفورت الفكرية الواردة في تفكير تمام حسن هي التحرر (emancipatory) والتنوير (aufklarung) والـهيمنة المضادة في ظاهرة المجتمع الاجتماعي في محاولة لتوفير الوعي.
Implementation of a New Proprietary Vortex Fluid Sucker Rod Pump System to Improve Production by Enhancing Flow Dynamics
Authors: Coyes Corbin , Williams Benny , Jensen Camille , Conner Mike , Link Bradley , Saponja Jeff , Quinn Jordy 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Conventional ball valve systems and insert-guided cages compromise performance due to gas interference, solids accumulation, and ball vibration that shortens the life and efficiency of conventional traveling and standing valve cages. The analysis of the flow profile around a common ball valve resulted in the design of a new proprietary pump system that maximizes fluid flow, creating a vortex profile that extends service life while increasing production.
The proprietary vortex fluid pump system was compared against conventional inserts during in-house testing and in a laboratory flow loop. Minimum to maximum flow rates were digitally measured to calculate the pressure drop at each flow rate with and without injecting gas. The transparent flow loop tubing allowed a visual qualitative assessment of fluid flow.
During laboratory testing, conventional inserts measured high ball vibration with excessive pressure drop. The proprietary vortex fluid pump system had no ball vibration, with a significant pressure drop decrease, and gas remained entrained as it cycled through a vortex flow. The results from laboratory testing showed an average 40–46% pressure drop decrease compared to conventional inserts.
Laboratory data were confirmed in numerous field applications as well as four case studies from four different fields for four separate operators. The vortex fluid pump system showed greater pump efficiencies and pump longevity. After installation of the system, cumulative results were combined to show an average 46% production increase over 485 wells in North America in 1 year.
The proprietary vortex fluid pump system decreases erratic velocity profile and reduces vibration in the valve system resulting in improved efficiency and reliability of sucker rod pumps. The design optimizes flow dynamics enabling the ball to remain stationary, allowing smaller and lighter balls and increasing the cross-sectional flow area in the most restrictive pump section. The design reduces solids accumulation, lessens cage wear, improves pump efficiency, and increases production. The vortex fluid pump system replaces all conventional valve systems.
pH Responsiveness of Microwave Polymer-Type Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Synergistic Emulsion-Breaking Effect on Thick Oil
Authors: Sun Nana , Shen Lisha , Sun Huina , Hu Jianbo 
Published: May 2023

Summary
In this study, a polymeric magnetic emulsion-breaking compound of ferric tetroxide and cationic polyacrylamide (Fe3O4@CPAM) was designed and synthesized, and its functional groups, chemical bonding, magnetic properties, and thermal stability were characterized. Finally, the pH-responsive behavior of the microwave-modified magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in terms of their demulsification effect on thick oil-in-water emulsions was investigated using the morphology and distribution of oil droplets, zeta potential, and contact angle of the MNPs. The results showed that with increasing pH, the water separation of the emulsion initially decreased and then increased, and the best emulsion-breaking effect was achieved at pH 3. The highest water partition of the emulsion was 64.39% at a concentration of 175 mg/L for Fe3O4 MNPs alone before modification. Under the same conditions, the water separation rate of the emulsion for Fe3O4@CPAM was 78.95%, indicating that, compared with the conventional demulsification method, microwaves can promote oil-water separation. The highest water separation rate of MNPs before microwave modification was 85% at pH 3, whereas the water separation rate of MNPs after microwave modification reached 94.70% under the same conditions. This proves that microwaves and modified MNPs have a synergistic emulsion-breaking effect, mainly because the combination of microwaves and polymer modification enhances the hydrophobicity and neutralizes the charge of the MNPs, thus improving the emulsion-breaking efficiency.
Data Assimilation of Production and Multiple 4D Seismic Acquisitions in a Deepwater Field Using Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation
Authors: Rossi Rosa Daiane , Schiozer Denis José , Davolio Alessandra 
Published: May 2023

Summary
In recent years, time-lapse (4D) seismic (4DS) data have been widely used for reservoir monitoring to provide relevant information on dynamic changes occurring during production. In complex reservoirs, multiple seismic monitor surveys are usually available. Updating reservoir models with these data can be very beneficial to improve the field’s management. In the quantitative integration of 4DS data into the data assimilation (DA) process, it is crucial to define how to deal with more than one seismic monitor. In this work, we continue a series of investigations about seismic DA procedures and expand on them by analyzing ways to assimilate more than one seismic monitor. More specifically, we evaluate different ways of using production data and two monitor surveys (M3 and M5) to calibrate the dynamic models of a real Brazilian reservoir using the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation (ES-MDA) method. We performed the following experiments: (1) sequential assimilation of M3 and M5 with parts of well history divided according to the seismic acquisition dates; (2) assimilation of M3 with the entire well history and subsequent assimilation of M5; (3) assimilation of well and M3 data; and (4) assimilation of well and M5 data. For comparison purposes, we also assimilated only well data. From the results, we observed that well and 4DS data misfits were reduced when assimilating both monitors, compared to the cases where only a single monitor (any of them) was used with production data. This conclusion is also true in the comparison with results obtained when only assimilating well data. This indicates that both seismic monitors are important data to be quantitatively considered in DA. In this particular field, using a previous DA run to solely assimilate the newly available monitor (Case 2) delivered better models and long-term forecasts. Therefore, this would be our recommendation. This study highlights the importance of several 4DS acquisitions for reservoir monitoring and management and shows the challenges of their application in seismic DA for better life cycle field applications.
A technique for securing digital audio files based on rotation and XOR operations
Authors: Joshi Anand Ballabh , Gaffar Abdul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a WORD-oriented technique for encrypting (and decrypting) digital audio files based on rotation and XOR operations. The key-concepts of the designed encryption algorithm are the RX (Rotation-XOR) operations, i.e., the plain audio samples are first left-rotated by the sum-of-digits of the previous audio samples, and then XOR-ed with the previous audio samples. The designed encryption algorithm encodes a digital audio file into a random (noise) like audio file, from human visual as well as statistical points of view. Several encryption and decryption evaluation metrics, such as spectrogram, adjacent sample correlation coefficient, number of sample change rate, peak signal-to-noise ratio, etc., are applied on several digital audio files of varying sizes in order to empirically assess the performance and efficiency of the proposed technique. The results of these metrics validate the robustness of the designed technique.