bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible positioning head tilt observed in 14 cats with hypokalaemic myopathy
Authors: Tamura Shinji , Nakamoto Yuya , Tamura Yumiko 
Published: June 2023

Case series summary Positioning head tilt (PHT) is a dynamic neurological sign in which the head tilts to the opposite side to which it is moving. This sign is triggered in response to head movement and is thought to be due to the lack of inhibition of vestibular nuclei by the cerebellar nodulus and uvula (NU). The occurrence of PHT in animals has been suggested to be an indicator of NU dysfunction. Here, we describe the acute onset of PHT in 14 cats. All the cats were diagnosed with hypokalaemic myopathy caused by a range of pathologies. The PHT resolved along with other signs related to myopathy, such as cervical flexion and generalised weakness, after electrolyte correction in all cats. Relevance and novel information Hypokalaemic myopathy was the likely cause of PHT in the present feline cases.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein and multiple sclerosis progression independent of acute inflammation
Authors: Jiang Xiaotong , Shen Changyu , Teunissen Charlotte E , Wessels Mark , Zetterberg Henrik , Giovannoni Gavin , Singh Carol M , Caba Bastien , Elliott Colm , Fisher Elizabeth , de Moor Carl , Belachew Shibeshih , Gafson Arie R 
Published: June 2023

Background: The clinical relevance of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) concentration as a biomarker of MS disability progression independent of acute inflammation has yet to be quantified. Objective: To test whether baseline values and longitudinal changes in sGFAP concentration are associated with disability progression without detectable relapse of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inflammatory activity in participants with secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed longitudinal sGFAP concentration and clinical outcome data from the Phase 3 ASCEND trial of participants with SPMS, with no detectable relapse or MRI signs of inflammatory activity at baseline nor during the study ( n = 264). Serum neurofilament (sNfL), sGFAP, T2 lesion volume, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW), 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), and composite confirmed disability progression (CDP) were measured. Linear and logistic regressions and generalized estimating equations were used in the prognostic and dynamic analyses. Results: We found a significant cross-sectional association between baseline sGFAP and sNfL concentrations and T2 lesion volume. No or weak correlations between sGFAP concentration and changes in EDSS, T25FW, and 9HPT, or CDP were observed. Conclusion: Without inflammatory activity, changes in sGFAP concentration in participants with SPMS were neither associated with current nor predictive of future disability progression.
Postoperative Functional Assessment in Patients with Tumors Around the Knee Treated with Endoprosthetic Reconstruction: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhao Yun-long , Zhang Hao-ran , Zhang Jing-yu , Hu Yong-cheng 
Published: June 2023

Objectives The restoration of as much normal function as possible has become an important goal following the endoprosthetic reconstruction. The objective of this study was to assess the functional outcome after endoprosthetic reconstruction for tumors around the knee and to explore prognostic factors of functional outcome. Methods We retrospectively collected data on patients who underwent tumor prosthetic replacements consecutively. Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score and Toronto Extremity Salvage Score were used to assess the functional outcome at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. The logistic model was used to select factors that had potential predictive value for postoperative function. Potential prognostic factors included age, gender, tumor site, type of tumor, length of bone resection, type of prosthesis, length of prosthetic stem, chemotherapy, pathological fracture, and body mass index. Results At the 24 months after surgery, the mean musculoskeletal tumor society (MSTS) score was 81.4% and the mean Toronto extremity salvage score (TESS) was 83.6%. At the last follow-up, 68% of patients and 73% of patients received perfect or good MSTS score and TESS score, respectively. The multivariate analysis according to ordered-logit model showed that age < 35 years, distal femoral prosthesis, and length of bone resection < 14 cm were independent prognostic factors of better functional outcome. Conclusions Endoprosthetic reconstruction may provide good functional results for most patients. Younger patients with distal femoral prosthesis and shorter resection of bone (on the premise of complete resection of tumor) are more likely to obtain satisfactory functional results after surgery.
Labral Pull-Through Technique for Arthroscopic Labral Reconstruction of the Hip
Authors: Looney Austin M. , Doran James P. , Johnson Emma E. , Salvo John P. 
Published: June 2023

Background: The goal of hip labral reconstruction is to restore the suction seal, requiring the labral graft to be precisely secured along the acetabular rim. When performed arthroscopically, controlling the graft as it is suspended in the hip joint between 2 cannulas can be challenging, making fixation in the optimal position to restore the suction seal difficult to achieve. Indications: Labral reconstruction/augmentation is indicated for patients with a deficient/dysfunctional labrum when repair alone cannot restore/maintain the suction seal. Technique Description: Following diagnostic arthroscopy, debridement, and measurement of the labral deficiency (30 mm), 70 mm tibialis anterior allograft was tubularized with a whipstitch and prepared with long suture tails at both ends and a single mattress stitch placed through the graft at the medial end. Holes for the anchors were pre-drilled. Viewing from the anterolateral portal, the graft was introduced down a sled through the modified anterior portal, pulled through the joint, and guided into the posterolateral portal cannula via instrumentation through the distal anterolateral accessory portal. With initial fixation achieved medially with the mattress stitch, directing the graft into position while achieving optimal coverage of the deficient area was facilitated by the excess graft length pulled into the posterolateral portal cannula. Results: Labral reconstruction can restore the suction seal of the hip joint when repair alone is not sufficient. Comparative studies with matched repair cohorts have demonstrated comparable survivorship and patient-reported outcomes between groups, with similar rates of patient acceptable symptomatic state and minimal clinically important difference between groups, and similar rates of return to sport in high-level athletes. Recent systematic reviews have largely corroborated these findings. Discussion/Conclusions: Arthroscopic labral reconstruction is an effective treatment option when repair alone cannot restore the suction seal when the graft is secured in an optimal position, but controlling the graft during passage and fixation while achieving a final length spanning the segmental deficiency in continuity with native tissue at both ends can present technical challenges. The labral pull-through technique greatly facilitates this process. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Five-year follow-up of KEYNOTE-087: pembrolizumab monotherapy for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Armand Philippe , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Lee Hun Ju , Johnson Nathalie A. , Brice Pauline , Radford John , Ribrag Vincent , Molin Daniel , Vassilakopoulos Theodoros P. , Tomita Akihiro , von Tresckow Bastian , Shipp Margaret A. , Herrera Alex F. , Lin Jianxin , Kim Eunhee , Chakraborty Samhita , Marinello Patricia , Moskowitz Craig H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Previous analyses of the phase 2 KEYNOTE-087 (NCT02453594) trial of pembrolizumab monotherapy demonstrated effective antitumor activity with acceptable safety in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). However, long-term response durability and outcome of patients who receive a second course after treatment discontinuation after complete response (CR) remain of clinical interest. We present KEYNOTE-087 data after &gt;5 years of median follow-up. Patients with R/R cHL and progressive disease (PD) after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and brentuximab vedotin (BV; cohort 1), salvage chemotherapy and BV without ASCT (cohort 2), or ASCT without subsequent BV (cohort 3), received pembrolizumab for ≤2 years. Patients in CR who discontinued treatment and subsequently experienced PD were eligible for second-course pembrolizumab. Primary end points were the objective response rate (ORR) using blinded central review and safety. The median follow-up was 63.7 months. ORR was 71.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 64.8-77.4; CR, 27.6%; partial response, 43.8%). Median duration of response (DOR) was 16.6 months; median progression-free survival was 13.7 months. A quarter of responders, including half of complete responders, maintained a response for ≥4 years. Median overall survival was not achieved. Among 20 patients receiving second-course pembrolizumab, ORR for 19 evaluable patients was 73.7% (95% CI, 48.8-90.8); median DOR was 15.2 months. Any-grade treatment-related adverse events occurred in 72.9% of patients and grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 12.9% of patients; no treatment-related deaths occurred. Single-agent pembrolizumab can induce durable responses, particularly in patients achieving CR. Second-course pembrolizumab frequently reinduced sustained responses after relapse from initial CR.
Higher abatacept exposure after transplant decreases acute GVHD risk without increasing adverse events
Authors: Takahashi Takuto , Al-Kofahi Mahmoud , Jaber Mutaz , Bratrude Brandi , Betz Kayla , Suessmuth Yvonne , Yu Alison , Neuberg Donna S. , Choi Sung W. , Davis Jeffrey , Duncan Christine , Giller Roger , Grimley Michael , Harris Andrew C. , Jacobsohn David , Lalefar Nahal , Farhadfar Nosha , Pulsipher Michael A. , Shenoy Shalini , Petrovic Aleksandra , Schultz Kirk R. , Yanik Gregory A. , Blazar Bruce R. , Horan John T. , Watkins Benjamin , Langston Amelia , Qayed Muna , Kean Leslie S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the ABA2 study, the T-cell costimulation blockade agent, abatacept, was safe and effective in preventing acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after unrelated-donor hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), leading to US Food and Drug Administration approval. Here, we performed a determination of abatacept pharmacokinetics (PK), which enabled an examination of how abatacept exposure-response relationships affected clinical outcomes. We performed a population PK analysis of IV abatacept using nonlinear mixed-effect modeling and assessed the association between abatacept exposure and key transplant outcomes. We tested the association between the trough after dose 1 (Ctrough_1) and grade (GR) 2 or 4 aGVHD (GR2-4 aGVHD) through day +100. An optimal Ctrough_1 threshold was identified via recursive partitioning and classification tree analysis. This demonstrated that abatacept PK was characterized by a 2-compartment model with first-order elimination. The ABA2 dosing regimen was based on previous work targeting a steady-state abatacept trough of 10 μg/mL. However, a higher Ctrough_1 (≥39 μg/mL, attained in ∼60% of patients on ABA2) was associated with a favorable GR2-4 aGVHD risk (hazard ratio, 0.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.65; P &lt; .001), with a Ctrough_1 &lt;39 μg/mL associated with GR2-4 aGVHD risk indistinguishable from placebo (P = .37). Importantly, no significant association was found between Ctrough_1 and key safety indicators, including relapse, and cytomegalovirus or Epstein-Barr virus viremia. These data demonstrate that a higher abatacept Ctrough_1 (≥39 μg/mL) was associated with a favorable GR2-4 aGVHD risk, without any observed exposure-toxicity relationships. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01743131.
Child-Sum EATree-LSTMs: enhanced attentive Child-Sum Tree-LSTMs for biomedical event extraction
Authors: Wang Lei , Cao Han , Yuan Liu , Guo Xiaoxu , Cui Yachao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTree-structured neural networks have shown promise in extracting lexical representations of sentence syntactic structures, particularly in the detection of event triggers using recursive neural networks.MethodsIn this study, we introduce an attention mechanism intoChild-Sum Tree-LSTMsfor the detection of biomedical event triggers. We incorporate previous researches on assigning attention weights to adjacent nodes and integrate this mechanism intoChild-Sum Tree-LSTMsto improve the detection of event trigger words. We also address a limitation of shallow syntactic dependencies inChild-Sum Tree-LSTMsby integrating deep syntactic dependencies to enhance the effect of the attention mechanism.ResultsOur proposed model, which integrates an enhanced attention mechanism into Tree-LSTM, shows the best performance for the MLEE and BioNLP’09 datasets. Moreover, our model outperforms almost all complex event categories for the BioNLP’09/11/13 test set.ConclusionWe evaluate the performance of our proposed model with the MLEE and BioNLP datasets and demonstrate the advantage of an enhanced attention mechanism in detecting biomedical event trigger words.
Automatic generation of pseudoknotted RNAs taxonomy
Authors: Quadrini Michela , Tesei Luca , Merelli Emanuela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe ability to compare RNA secondary structures is important in understanding their biological function and for grouping similar organisms into families by looking at evolutionarily conserved sequences such as 16S rRNA. Most comparison methods and benchmarks in the literature focus on pseudoknot-free structures due to the difficulty of mapping pseudoknots in classical tree representations. Some approaches exist that permit to cluster pseudoknotted RNAs but there is not a general framework for evaluating their performance.ResultsWe introduce an evaluation framework based on a similarity/dissimilarity measure obtained by a comparison method and agglomerative clustering. Their combination automatically partition a set of molecules into groups. To illustrate the framework we define and make available a benchmark of pseudoknotted (16S and 23S) and pseudoknot-free (5S) rRNA secondary structures belonging to Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryota. We also consider five different comparison methods from the literature that are able to manage pseudoknots. For each method we clusterize the molecules in the benchmark to obtain the taxa at the rank phylum according to the European Nucleotide Archive curated taxonomy. We compute appropriate metrics for each method and we compare their suitability to reconstruct the taxa.
Statistical methods and resources for biomarker discovery using metabolomics
Authors: Anwardeen Najeha R. , Diboun Ilhame , Mokrab Younes , Althani Asma A. , Elrayess Mohamed A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetabolomics is a dynamic tool for elucidating biochemical changes in human health and disease. Metabolic profiles provide a close insight into physiological states and are highly volatile to genetic and environmental perturbations. Variation in metabolic profiles can inform mechanisms of pathology, providing potential biomarkers for diagnosis and assessment of the risk of contracting a disease. With the advancement of high-throughput technologies, large-scale metabolomics data sources have become abundant. As such, careful statistical analysis of intricate metabolomics data is essential for deriving relevant and robust results that can be deployed in real-life clinical settings. Multiple tools have been developed for both data analysis and interpretations. In this review, we survey statistical approaches and corresponding statistical tools that are available for discovery of biomarkers using metabolomics.
Extreme plastomes in holoparasitic Balanophoraceae are not the norm
Authors: Kim Woorin , Lautenschläger Thea , Bolin Jay F. , Rees Mathew , Nzuzi Albertina , Zhou Renchao , Wanke Stefan , Jost Matthias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Balanophoraceae plastomes are known for their highly condensed and re-arranged nature alongside the most extreme nucleotide compositional bias known to date, culminating in two independent reconfigurations of their genetic code. Currently, a large portion of the Balanophoraceae diversity remains unexplored, hindering, among others, evolutionary pattern recognition. Here, we explored newly sequenced plastomes of Sarcophyte sanguinea and Thonningia sanguinea. The reconstructed plastomes were analyzed using various methods of comparative genomics based on a representative taxon sampling.

Results
Sarcophyte, recovered sister to the other sampled Balanophoraceae s. str., has plastomes up to 50% larger than those currently published. Its gene set contains five genes lost in any other species, including matK. Five cis-spliced introns are maintained. In contrast, the Thonningia plastome is similarly reduced to published Balanophoraceae and retains only a single cis-spliced intron. Its protein-coding genes show a more biased codon usage compared to Sarcophyte, with an accumulation of in-frame TAG stop codons. Structural plastome comparison revealed multiple, previously unknown, structural rearrangements within Balanophoraceae.

Conclusions
For the “minimal plastomes” of Thonningia, we propose a genetic code change identical to sister genus Balanophora. Sarcophyte however differs drastically from our current understanding on Balanophoraceae plastomes. With a less-extreme nucleotide composition, there is no evidence for an altered genetic code. Using comparative genomics, we identified a hotspot for plastome reconfiguration in Balanophoraceae. Based on previously published and newly identified structural reconfigurations, we propose an updated model of evolutionary plastome trajectories for Balanophoraceae, illustrating a much greater plastome diversity than previously known.
Conducting school-based health surveys with secondary schools in England: advice and recommendations from school staff, local authority professionals, and wider key stakeholders, a qualitative study
Authors: Hatch Lorna M. , Widnall Emily C. , Albers Patricia N. , Hopkins Georgina L. , Kidger Judi , de Vocht Frank , Kaner Eileen , van Sluijs Esther M. F. , Fairbrother Hannah , Jago Russell , Campbell Rona M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Improving the health and well-being of young people is a public health priority. Schools present an ideal setting to implement strategies to improve young people’s health and well-being. A key strategy involves conducting surveys to assess student health needs, inform interventions, and monitor health over time. Conducting research in schools is, however, challenging. Schools can find it difficult to participate and adhere to research processes, even when they are keen to be involved in research, because of competing priorities (e.g., attendance and educational achievement), as well as time and resource constraints. There is a lack of literature on the perspectives of school staff and other key stakeholders working in young people’s health on how best to work with schools to conduct health research, and in particular, health surveys.

Methods
Participants (n = 26) included members of staff from 11 secondary schools (covering students aged 11–16 years), 5 local authority professionals, and 10 wider key stakeholders in young people's health and well-being (e.g., a school governor, a national government member), based in South West England. Participants took part in semi-structured interviews that were conducted either over the phone or via an online platform. Data were analysed using the Framework Method.

Results
Three main themes were identified: Recruitment and Retention, Practicalities of Data Collection in Schools, and Collaboration from Design to Dissemination. It is important to acknowledge the role of local authorities and academy trusts in the English education system, and work closely with these when conducting school-based health surveys. School staff prefer to be contacted about research via email and in the summer term, following exams. Researchers should contact a member of staff involved in student health/well-being, as well as senior leadership, during recruitment. Data collection during the start and end of the school year is undesirable. Research should be collaborative with school staff and young people, consistent with school priorities and values, and flexible and tailored to school timetables and resources.

Conclusions
Overall the findings demonstrate that survey-based research methods should be school-led and tailored to each school.
Mitochondrial DNA quantification correlates with the developmental potential of human euploid blastocysts but not with that of mosaic blastocysts
Authors: Luo Wen , Zheng Yi-Min , Hao Yan , Zhang Ying , Zhou Ping , Wei Zhaolian , Cao Yunxia , Chen Dawei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to study the association between adjusted mtDNA levels in human trophectoderm biopsy samples and the developmental potential of euploid and mosaic blastocysts.

Methods
We analyzed relative mtDNA levels in 2,814 blastocysts obtained from 576 couples undergoing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy from June 2018 to June 2021. All patients underwent in vitro fertilization in a single clinic; the study was blinded—mtDNA content was unknown at the time of single embryo transfer. The fate of the euploid or mosaic embryos transferred was compared with mtDNA levels.

Results
Euploid embryos had lower mtDNA than aneuploid and mosaic embryos. Embryos biopsied on Day 5 had higher mtDNA than those biopsied on Day 6. No difference was detected in mtDNA scores between embryos derived from oocytes of different maternal ages. Linear mixed model suggested that blastulation rate was associated with mtDNA score. Moreover, the specific next-generation sequencing platform used have a significant effect on the observed mtDNA content. Euploid embryos with higher mtDNA content presented significantly higher miscarriage rates and lower live birth rates, while no significant difference was observed in the mosaic cohort.

Conclusion
Our results will aid in improving methods for analyzing the association between mtDNA level and blastocyst viability.