bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sedimentary seagrass carbon stock and sources of organic carbon across contrasting seagrass meadows in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Yusmiana P. , Kusumaningtyas Mariska A. , Daulat August , Rustam Agustin , Suryono Devi D. , Salim Hadiwijaya L. , Ati Restu N. A. , Sudirman Nasir , Kepel Terry L. , Hutahaean Andreas A. , Adi Novi S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeagrass meadows are an important component of coastal ecosystems globally, and they capture and store organic carbon in living biomass and sediments. Geographical estimates of blue carbon in seagrass habitats are regionally biased, with limited information from the Indo-Pacific region, including Indonesia. Seagrass extent in Indonesia is declining rapidly, and it has been suggested that marine protected areas (MPAs) are an important instrument to support protection of seagrass ecosystems and their services. Thus, this study is aimed at quantifying and comparing sedimentary carbon stocks and sources of organic carbon from seagrass meadows located in undisturbed areas outside MPA, disturbed areas outside MPA, and within MPA in three small islands in Indonesia. The sediment carbon stocks from this study ranged from 19.81 to 117.49 Mg C ha−1, with the highest stock measured inside MPA (77.15 ± 1.38 Mg C ha−1), followed by undisturbed outside MPA (36.08 Mg C ha−1), and the lowest stock at disturbed outside MPA (21.86 ± 0.31 Mg C ha−1). The predominant source of organic carbon in disturbed meadows was from coastal POM (particulate organic matter, ~ 36%), while in MPA and undisturbed sites, the main source was from seagrass, with ~ 38% and ~ 60% contributions, respectively. The results of this study add more data and information on seagrass blue carbon potential from three different islands with different degrees of disturbance in Indonesia.
Insights into ageing rates comparison across tissues from recalibrating cerebellum DNA methylation clock
Authors: Wang Yucheng , Grant Olivia A. , Zhai Xiaojun , Mcdonald-Maier Klaus D. , Schalkwyk Leonardo C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDNA methylation (DNAm)-based age clocks have been studied extensively as a biomarker of human ageing and a risk factor for age-related diseases. Despite different tissues having vastly different rates of proliferation, it is still largely unknown whether they age at different rates. It was previously reported that the cerebellum ages slowly; however, this claim was drawn from a single clock using a relatively small sample size and so warrants further investigation. We collected the largest cerebellum DNAm dataset (N = 752) to date. We found the respective epigenetic ages are all severely underestimated by six representative DNAm age clocks, with the underestimation effects more pronounced in the four clocks whose training datasets do not include brain-related tissues. We identified 613 age-associated CpGs in the cerebellum, which accounts for only 14.5% of the number found in the middle temporal gyrus from the same population (N = 404). From the 613 cerebellum age-associated CpGs, we built a highly accurate age prediction model for the cerebellum named CerebellumClockspecific (Pearson correlation=0.941, MAD=3.18 years). Ageing rate comparisons based on the two tissue-specific clocks constructed on the 201 overlapping age-associated CpGs support the cerebellum has younger DNAm age. Nevertheless, we built BrainCortexClock to prove a single DNAm clock is able to unbiasedly estimate DNAm ages of both cerebellum and cerebral cortex, when they are adequately and equally represented in the training dataset. Comparing ageing rates across tissues using DNA methylation multi-tissue clocks is flawed. The large underestimation of age prediction for cerebellums by previous clocks mainly reflects the improper usage of these age clocks. There exist strong and consistent ageing effects on the cerebellar methylome, and we suggest the smaller number of age-associated CpG sites in cerebellum is largely attributed to its extremely low average cell replication rates.
Analysis of human well-being as the area of protection in social life cycle assessment
Authors: Lindkvist Mathias , Ekener Elisabeth 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) has been developed for almost two decades for assessing the social impacts of product life cycles. Only a limited amount of research, however, considers the full range of social sustainability that is impacted by the cause-effect relationships in the impact pathway (IP) approach in S-LCA. The aim of this study is to provide guidance on the ultimate purpose of S-LCA by presenting an up-to-date overview on human well-being (HWB).

Methods
Due to the broadness of the purpose of presenting and assessing an up-to-date set of HWB components, our study was designed as a qualitative literature review. The review includes core characteristics of a qualitative systematic review, a realist review, and an umbrella review. We designed the operationalised review to result in a synthesised HWB component set and guidance on its use. In order to achieve this, we searched for theoretical lenses on how HWB component sets relate to other HWB approaches, searched for HWB component sets, and identified S-LCA relevant sustainability aspects and tested these on the component sets. The component sets were found in sustainability science, philosophy, psychology, and development studies.

Results and discussion
The study resulted in a framework that contains both a HWB component set and guidance on its use. The set consists of the five components: having a healthy life; having competencies; having influence and enjoying freedom; having a meaningful life; and enjoying fair treatment. This approach is by philosophers denoted an objective goods list, containing “goods” that are seen as intrinsic parts of HWB because they so clearly can support humans in their lives. Other philosophical perspectives suggest that either desires in choice situations impacting the objective goods or the experienced mental states resulting from the goods, ultimately matters to humans. Challenges with the goods approach are how to define a good life and to relate to actual human activity.

Conclusions
The presented updated definition of a HWB components set and guidance on it can benefit developers and practitioners of S-LCA, and in particular the IP approach, by illustrating the scope of social sustainability and the challenge of defining it. Regarding the scope, several other social sustainability aspects than health have been shown to matter. Regarding the challenge of defining social sustainability, it remains to see what the path forward is taking this challenge into account.
Identification of a diarylpentanoid-producing polyketide synthase in the biosynthesis of 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones in agarwood
Authors: Morita Hiroyuki , Lee Yuan-E , Shi She-Po 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAgarwood has been valued as an exquisite, high-grade fragrant wood since ancient times. Due to the scarcity of high-quality agarwood, it is quite expensive, and the number of original plants has been drastically reduced due to overharvesting, including illegal logging. Despite this, a reliable method of agarwood cultivation has yet to be developed. Thus, identifying the biosynthetic pathways of the fragrant components in agarwood might help developers to optimize the culture conditions and create artificial agarwood, by monitoring the expression of the biosynthetic enzymes or their genes. This review presents the characteristics of our recently identified key enzyme, 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone precursor synthase (PECPS), which generates the common precursor of 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones (PECs), the main fragrances in agarwood, as well as our reasoning to reach these conclusions. We also discuss the biosynthetic pathway of PECs, unveiled following the identification of PECPS.
Endoscopic measurement of the size of gastrointestinal polyps using an electromagnetic tracking system and computer vision-based algorithm
Authors: Safavian Nazanin , Toh Simon K. C. , Pani Martino , Lee Raymond 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Polyp size is an important factor that may influence diagnosis and clinical management decision, but estimation by visual inspection during endoscopy is often difficult and subject to error. The purpose of this study is to develop a quantitative approach that enables an accurate and objective measurement of polyp size and to study the feasibility of the method.

Methods
We attempted to estimate polyp size and location relative to the gastro-oesophageal junction by integrating data from an electromagnetic tracking sensor and endoscopic images. This method is based on estimation of the three-dimensional coordinates of the borders of the polyp by combining the endoscope camera position and the corresponding points along the polyp border in endoscopic images using a computer vision-based algorithm. We evaluated the proposed method using a simulated upper gastrointestinal endoscopy model.

Results
The difference between the mean of ten measurements of one artificial polyp and its actual size (10 mm in diameter) was 0.86 mm. Similarly, the difference between the mean of ten measurements of the polyp distance from the gastroesophageal junction and its actual distance (~ 22 cm) was 1.28 mm. Our results show that the changes in camera positions in which the images were taken and the quality of the polyp segmentation have the most impact on the accuracy of polyp size estimation.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated an innovative approach to endoscopic measurements using motion tracking technologies and computer vision and demonstrated its accuracy in determining the size and location of the polyp. The observed magnitude of error is clinically acceptable, and the measurements are available immediately after the images captured. To enhance accuracy, it is recommended to avoid identical images and instead utilise control wheels on the endoscope for capturing different views. Future work should further evaluate this innovative method during clinical endoscopic procedures.
Evaluation of the clinical behavior of unclassified renal cell carcinoma and its imaging findings on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging based on World Health Organization (WHO) 2022
Authors: Yamamoto Akira , Tamada Tsutomu , Higaki Atsushi , Arita Yuki , Ueno Yoshiko , Murakami Takamichi , Jinzaki Masahiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To ascertain the clinical behaviors of unclassified renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its characteristic imaging findings on CT and MRI.

Methods
Subjects in this retrospective study were 10 patients who had received a histological diagnosis of unclassified RCC based on World Health Organization (WHO) 2022 and who had undergone CT and/or MRI prior to surgery. In terms of clinical behaviors, TNM classification, stage, postoperative recurrence, time to recurrence, and postoperative survival were evaluated. In terms of imaging findings, tumor size, growth pattern, CT density, dynamic contrast-enhancement (DCE) pattern, internal appearance, presence of a pseudocapsule, and signal intensity on MRI were evaluated. We compared clinical behaviors and imaging findings, and investigated associations between them.

Results
One patient could not be followed-up due to death from other causes. Postoperative recurrence was observed in 4 patients, all of whom had Stage 3 RCC. In the remaining 5 patients without recurrence, all 5 patients showed Stage 2 or below. On imaging, unclassified RCC tended to be large (58.7 mm) and solid (100%), and heterogeneous interiors (80%), cystic degeneration (80%) and high intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (71.4%) were common. Comparing patients with and without recurrence, the following findings tended to differ between recurrence and recurrence-free groups: tumor size (73.4 ± 33.9 mm vs. 50.2 ± 33.9 mm, P = 0.286), growth pattern (invasive: 100% vs. 0%, expansive: 0% vs. 100%, P = 0.008 each), DCE pattern (progressive enhancement pattern, 66.7% vs. 0%, washout pattern, 0% vs. 66.7%, P = 0.135 each) and presence of a pseudocapsule (25% vs. 80%, P = 0.167).

Conclusion
The clinical behavior of unclassified RCC varies widely. Although imaging findings are also variable, findings of large, heterogeneous tumors with cystic degeneration and high intensity on DWI were common. Several imaging findings such as large size, invasive growth, progressive enhancement pattern and no pseudocapsule may enable prediction of prognosis in unclassified RCC.
Efficacy observation of pushing Qiaogong point with different intensities for treating stage I essential hypertension
Authors: Feng Yue , Duan Zhengting , Chen Dongnan , Ye Senlin , Dou Shulin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To observe the clinical efficacy of pushing Qiaogong point with varying intensities for treating stage I essential hypertension.

Methods
A total of 72 patients diagnosed with stage I essential hypertension were enrolled in this study. They were divided into three groups using the random number table method, including a control group, a gentle pushing group, and a heavy pushing group, with 24 patients in each group. All three groups received the same therapeutic lifestyle interventions. The control group received no additional interventions, the gentle pushing group received additional pushing Qiaogong point with gentle strength, and the heavy pushing group received additional pushing Qiaogong point with heavy strength. The treatment duration was 4 weeks, followed by a 4-week follow-up period, during which blood pressure changes were observed and analyzed in all three groups.

Results
After treatment, the blood pressure levels in all three groups showed a significant decrease (P<0.05). The effective rate in the control group was 43.5%, in the gentle pushing group was 78.3%, and in the heavy pushing group was 33.3%. The reduction in blood pressure levels in the gentle pushing group was significantly superior to that in both the control group and the heavy pushing group, indicating inter-group statistical significance (P<0.01). The efficacy of the heavy pushing group was comparable to that of the control group, indicating no statistical significance (P>0.05). During the follow-up period, compared with the end of the treatment within the same group, the blood pressure levels remained stable in both the control group and the gentle pushing group, indicating no intra-group statistical significance (P>0.05). The heavy pushing group showed a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean blood pressure (MBP) compared with the end of the treatment, indicating intra-group statistical significance (P<0.05). During the follow-up, the gentle pushing group had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and MBP compared with both the heavy pushing group and the control group, indicating inter-group statistical significance (P<0.01), while there was no inter-group statistical significance in comparing the DBP (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in comparing the SBP, DBP, and MBP between the heavy pushing group and the control group (P>0.05).

Conclusion
Pushing Qiaogong point with gentle strength combined with lifestyle interventions showed a higher effective rate and long-term blood pressure stability in the treatment of stage I essential hypertension. Pushing Qiaogong point with varying intensities showed varying effects on patients with stage I essential hypertension.
Leveraging B2B field service technicians as a “second sales force”: How service situations affect selling activity and success
Authors: Berkmann Manuel , Eisenbeiss Maik , Reinartz Werner , Schauerte Nico 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo extract the full revenue potential of their front line, B2B firms use their technical field service force for selling activities. However, as selling is only a complementary activity embedded in technicians’ main service tasks, they may struggle to sell effectively. The authors investigate the service situation as a key driver of (i) the technician’s decision to engage in selling (selling activity) and (ii) the customer’s decision to purchase (selling success). They identify four types of service situations with unique effects on these outcomes. Notably, technicians’ selling activity is highest (+ 10% compared to baseline) in service situations that offer a lower (-22%) likelihood of success, whereas activity is lower in the most promising situations. Thus, technicians do not properly exploit sales opportunities. The extent of inefficiencies moreover varies by employee-specific moderators, such that specialized technicians and those with little practical experience have particular difficulty exploiting excellent sales opportunities.
Medicine in history and history in medicine: the inaugural Davis Coakley Memorial Lecture
Authors: Kelly Brendan D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProfessor Davis Coakley (1946–2022) was an outstanding physician, historian, and leader of reform in medical services and education. This inaugural Davis Coakley Memorial Lecture, delivered in The Edward Worth Library at Dr Steevens’ Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, on 28 September 2023, focuses on ‘Medicine in History & History in Medicine’. It explores the position of the physician-historian in medical historiography, discusses Coakley’s extensive historical work (especially his many books about the history of medicine), and concludes with comments about one of Coakley’s great interests: the work of Sir William Wilde (1815–1876). Sir William was a prominent Victorian doctor, father of playwright Oscar, and remarkably prescient commentator on public health in Ireland. Sir William’s comments about patterns of epidemics are especially arresting and relevant today in the immediate wake of COVID-19. Coakley’s interest in Sir William echoed Coakley’s broader commitment to medical care, progressive education, and genuine scholarship that shed light on suffering, illness, healing, and recovery. The fields of both medicine and history are greatly enriched by Coakley’s life and work.
The Intersection of Female Sexual Function and Overactive Bladder
Authors: Shoureshi Poone S. , Eilber Karyn S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
In this review, we discuss the available literature regarding the intersection of female sexual function and overactive bladder (OAB). Specifically, this review includes how OAB and its treatments affect female sexual function and quality of life.

Recent Findings
Women suffering from overactive bladder have worse sexual function, and there are multiple prospective studies evaluating sexual function before and after overactive bladder treatment.

Summary
There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating that traditional overactive bladder treatments not only improve OAB but can also improve sexual function.
Application of a Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification-Based Next-Generation Sequencing Approach for the Detection of Pathogenesis of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Spinal Muscular Atrophy Caused by Copy Number Aberrations
Authors: Yang Yongchen , Xia Chaoran , Song Xiaozhen , Tang Xiaojun , Nie Xueling , Xu Wuhen , Du Chengkan , Zhang Hong , Luo Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBoth Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD; OMIM no. 310200) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA; OMIM no. 253300/253550/253400/271150) are genetic disorders characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. Genetic copy number aberrations in the pathogenetic genes DMD and SMN1 lead to alterations in functional proteins, resulting in DMD and SMA, respectively. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) has become a standard method for the detection of common copy number aberrations (CNAs), including DMD and SMN1 deletions, both of which are associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, traditional MLPA assays only accommodate a maximum of 60 MLPA probes per test. To increase the number of targeted sequences in one assay, an MLPA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay has been developed that is based on the standard MLPA procedure, allows high-throughput screening for a large number of fragments and samples by integrating additional indices for detection, and can be analyzed on all Illumina NGS platforms.
Adapting Ourselves, Instead of the Environment: An Inquiry into Human Enhancement for Function and Beyond
Authors: Döbler Niklas Alexander , Carbon Claus-Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTechnology enables humans not only to adapt their environment to their needs but also to modify themselves. Means of Human Enhancement — embodied technologies to improve the human body’s capabilities or to create a new one — are the designated means of adapting ourselves instead of the environment. The debate about these technologies is typically fought on ethical soil. However, alarmist, utopian, and science fiction scenarios distract from the fact that Human Enhancement is a historical and pervasive phenomenon incorporated into many everyday practices. In the vein of disentangling conceptual difficulties, we claim that means of Human Enhancement are either physiologically or psychologically embodied, rendering the merging with the human user their most defining aspect. To fulfill its purpose, an enhancement must pass the test-in-the-world, i.e., assisting with effective engagement with a dynamic world. Even if failing in this regard: Human Enhancement is the fundamental and semi-targeted process of changing the users relationship with the world through the physical or psychological embodiment of a hitherto external object and/or change of one’s body. This can potentially change the notion of being human. Drawing on a rich body of theoretical and empirical literature, we aim to provide a nuanced analysis of the transformative nature of this phenomenon in close proximity to human practice. Stakeholders are invited to apply the theory presented here to interrogate their perspective on technology in general and Human Enhancement in particular.
Are Women the “Keepers of the Culture”? A Study on the Gender-Specific Transmission and Development of Mainstream and Ethnic Identities using Latent Growth Curve Models
Authors: Stache Randy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMigration scholars repeatedly claim that mothers in migrant families are responsible for cultural preservation and that this responsibility is passed on to their daughters. In turn, male family members are claimed to be more oriented towards the majority society. This often assumed “keepers of the culture” hypothesis is assessed here using bivariate conditional latent growth curve models to track identity developments in a multigroup comparison. The analysis uses information from second-generation youth and their parents from the CILS4EU data. After a review of the mechanisms that may lead to such a gendered effect, the empirical comparison of parent-child dyads reveals that, contrary to expectations, sons and daughters undergo the same identity development during adolescence. Moreover, both parents pass on their identities to both genders in the same way. I discuss the consequences of these results on an empirical and theoretical level at the end of this paper.