bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ideotype‐Based Approach for Improving Root Traits in Crop Plants for Climate Resilience: How Far Have We Zeroed In on the Best Fit?
Authors: Shafi Sadiah , Shafi Insha , Zaffar Aaqif , Riyaz Ishrat , Fatima Samreen , Zargar Sajad M. , Dar Zahoor A. , Djanaguiraman Maduraimuthu , Vara Prasad Pagadala V. , Sofi Parvaze A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The unprecedented challenges to crop production driven by climate change drivers warrant the development of resilient crop varieties to sustain crop yield. In the present and future, climate, drought, salinity and temperature stress will be the major yield‐limiting factors. Roots are the primary responders to drought, flooding and salinity and assume a key position in developing plant resilience. Root architecture has emerged as a promising focal point in breeding efforts aimed at developing resource‐efficient crops. However, crop selection frequently prioritises shoot performance exclusively because evaluating root traits is a more intricate process. Improving root traits will be a pivotal factor in increasing the efficiency of water and nutrient capture, reducing yield gaps and providing the necessary foundation for the ‘Evergreen Revolution’, which is essential for aligning crop production with the needs of the growing human population. However, building an ideotype for root system architecture (RSA) has been precluded by obvious difficulties in reliable phenotyping and greater growth plasticity and abiotic stress response of root, as in some cases, the plasticity can be maladaptive due to greater metabolic costs. Nevertheless, a large body of experimental data has been generated to build an optimum root ideotype for diverse stressful environments. In this article, we provide an overview of the typical RSA ideotypes under various stresses that have been suggested in previous research and indicate functional evidence on the role of root phenes that could help breeders in their efforts to include root traits in their selection pipelines for abiotic stress tolerance, aimed to improve the resilience of crops. Such an approach can deliver quicker improvements compared to selection solely based on yield, particularly in stressful environments, using a more precisely tailored approach to increase long‐term sustainability and mitigate the impacts of stresses. Also, the probabilities for aligning future abiotic stress breeding strategies based on RSA and other traits are discussed. Prioritising these ideotype‐related traits in breeding programs could significantly boost crop production and enhance the long‐term sustainability of agriculture.
Bioprocessing‐inspired Water‐Mediated Crystallization and Densification of Strong Nacre‐Like Aragonite Ceramic from Hydrated Amorphous Precursor
Authors: Hu Huifeng , Wang Qihang , Gao Huailing , Wang Pengfei , Ping Hang , Xie Jingjing , Fu Zhengyi , Zou Zhaoyong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCeramics are usually obtained by powder sintering at a temperature higher than 1000 °C. By contrast, living organisms can use hydrated amorphous precursors to produce biominerals with high inorganic content and excellent mechanical properties under mild conditions. Here, inspired by the biomineralization process, aragonite ceramic composed of densely packed nanocrystals is manufactured by in situ crystallization and densification of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) under pressure at low temperature (80 °C). It is demonstrated that the structural water played critical roles in promoting the fusion of nanoparticles, nucleation of aragonite nanocrystals, and further densification. More importantly, strong nacre‐like aragonite ceramic is constructed by introducing cellulose films as the organic layers, where a gradient interface is achieved by water‐promoted fusion of nanocrystals into cellulose. Notably, the hardness and Young's modulus of the artificial nacre from nanoindentation can reach 3.76 and 63.38 GPa, respectively, which are comparable to natural nacre. The macroscopic mechanical analysis gave a Vickers hardness of 258.26 Kgf mm−2 and Young's modulus of 5.94 GPa. Besides, the flexural strength and fracture toughness can reach 158.0 MPa and 3.35 MPa m1/2, respectively. Thus, the study provides a new bioprocessing‐inspired strategy for the fabrication of ceramics with excellent mechanical properties at low temperatures.
High‐Performance Quasi‐2D Sn‐Pb Perovskite Photodetectors for High‐Fidelity Image Sensing and Optical Communication
Authors: Ke Kanghui , Gao Yu , Meng Jiazhi , He Yi , Deng Bohua , Huang Haoyu , Zhang Si‐Wei , Zhang Kai , Xu Zhuhua , Li Huan , Yao Xiongxian , Ye Zilong , Song Liping , Shu Chang , Yang Shihe , Qin Ni , Fu H. Y. , Yip Hin‐Lap , Kang Feiyu , Wei Guodan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDeveloping stable and efficient photodetectors (PDs) for environmentally friendly applications such as biological imaging, optical communications, and wearable electronics demands novel materials with improved optoelectronic properties. Herein, by precisely controlling the Pb2⁺ content (3%, 6%, and 12%) using a galvanic displacement reaction (GDR), we created a mixed 2D/3D phase structure that enhances the quality of the Sn‐Pb thin films, which improved crystalline orientation, suppressed trap‐assisted recombination and reduced Sn2+ oxidation processes, resulting in superior environmental stability under air exposure conditions. The flexible device demonstrated robust stability, maintaining performance after 4000 bending cycles or 96 h of storage in ambient conditions. The self‐powered quasi‐2D Sn‐Pb PDs exhibit an impressively low dark current of 1.2 × 10−8 A cm−2, rapid rise and decay time of 684 and 683 ns, a peak responsivity of 405 mA W−1, and a peak detectivity of 1.19 × 1013 Jones at 710 nm. Additionally, under LED illumination (λ = 910 nm), the photodetectors also demonstrate high fidelity in optical signal transmission, successfully facilitating encrypted communication sequences and image transmission at a rate of 25 kbps. This work presents a promising strategy for developing high‐performance, stable quasi‐2D Sn‐Pb perovskite photodetectors, highlighting their potential for next‐generation photodetectors in flexible, real‐world environments.
H2O2‐Generating Advanced Nanomaterials for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Musaie Kiyan , Abbaszadeh Samin , Marais Kik , Nosrati‐Siahmazgi Vahideh , Rezaei Saman , Xiao Bo , Dua Kamal , Santos Hélder A. , Shahbazi Mohammad‐Ali 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTumor cells exploit abnormal redox homeostasis and the pro‐tumorigenic effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to enhance their survival and progression. However, excessively high levels of ROS can exceed the oxidative stress threshold of tumor cells, inducing cell death. This can occur by selectively elevating the concentration of H2O2 in tumor cells through both endogenous and exogenous mechanisms. The generated H2O2 serves as a precursor for toxic ROS, such as •OH and 1O2, via chemodynamic and photodynamic therapy, respectively, leading to apoptosis, necrosis, and ferroptosis. Strategies to boost H2O2 levels include direct delivery of exogenous H2O2 and amplifying endogenous H2O2 generation by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes, leveraging glucose oxidase, employing photocatalytic therapy (PCT), and utilizing metal peroxides. Among them, metal peroxides have displayed remarkable performance due to their excellent potential to elevate H2O2 concentration within tumor cells while simultaneously normalizing the acidic and hypoxic conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, these nanostructures enhance tumor sensitivity to complementary treatments, like chemotherapy. This review summarizes advanced perspectives in the design, synthesis, and comparative analysis of H2O2‐generating nanoplatforms, emphasizing their capacity to treat various cancers.
Bioadaptable 3D Printed Scaffold for Microenvironment‐Activatable Visualization and Osteogenesis in Diabetic Bone Defect
Authors: Feng Qian , Che Lingbin , Li Chenglin , Zhan Jiexiang , Li Bing , Wang Lijuan , Chen Shuo , Zhou Xiaojun , Song Dianwen , He Chuanglong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe regeneration of diabetic bone defects faces significant challenges due to glycemic fluctuations, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and chronic inflammation. A combined diagnostic and therapeutic strategy utilizing advanced visualization techniques enables monitoring of bone inflammation and implant degradation, facilitating timely and precise interventions to enhance bone repair. This study developed a multifunctional diagnostic and therapeutic scaffold (SrHA/IH/GOx@G) using 3D printing technology. The scaffold incorporates an “all‐in‐one” nanofluorescent probe (ICG@HMnO₂), Sr‐doped hydroxyapatite (SrHA), methacrylated gelatin (GelMA), and glucose oxidase (GOx). GOx catalyzes glucose and oxygen into gluconic acid and H₂O₂, while H₂O₂ is scavenged by ICG@HMnO₂, releasing Mn2⁺ for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ICG for near‐infrared (NIR) imaging. The scaffold tracks inflammation at bone defect sites for 14 days and monitors scaffold degradation in situ for up to 8 weeks. Moreover, releasing Sr and Ca ions from the scaffold promotes osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis, significantly accelerating diabetic bone repair. This scaffold combines advanced diagnostic imaging, real‐time visualization, and therapeutic effects, offering a promising integrated strategy for treating diabetic bone defects with diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Mechano‐Lysis in Whole Blood Clots: On How Mechanics Affect Clot Lysis, and How Lysis Affects Clot Mechanics
Authors: Bechtel Grace N. , Sugerman Gabriella P. , Eades Tatum , Malinowska Zuzanna , Bush Adam M. , Saber Hamidreza , Parekh Sapun H. , Rausch Manuel K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThromboembolic diseases are a significant cause of mortality and are clinically treated enzymatically with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Interestingly, prior studies in fibrin fibers and fibrin gels have demonstrated that thrombolysis may be mechanically sensitive. This study aims to expand mechano‐lytic studies to whole blood clots. Furthermore, this study investigates not only how mechanics impacts lysis but also how lysis impacts mechanics. Therefore, clots made from whole human blood are exposed to tPA while the clots are either stretched or unstretched. After, the resulting degree of clot lysis is measured by weighing the clots and by measuring the concentration of D‐dimer in the surrounding bath. Additionally, each clot's mechanical properties are measured. This study finds that mechanical stretch accelerates loss in clot weight but does not impact the lysis rate as measured by D‐dimer. Moreover, lysis not only removes clot volume but also reduces the remaining clot's stiffness and toughness. In summary, tPA‐induced lysis of whole clot appears mechanically insensitive, but stretch reduces clot weight. Furthermore, results show that thrombolysis weakens clot. This suggests that thrombolysis may increase the risk of secondary embolizations but may also ease clot removal during thrombectomy, for example.
Viscoelastic HyA Hydrogel Promotes Recovery of Muscle Quality and Vascularization in a Murine Model of Delayed Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Pfaff Morgan R. , Wague Aboubacar , Davies Michael , Killaars Anouk R. , Ning Derek , Garcia Steven , Nguyen Anthony , Nuthalapati Prashant , Liu Mengyao , Liu Xuhui , Feeley Brian T. , Healy Kevin E. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRotator cuff tears are common musculotendinous injuries with a high risk of permanent functional disability. Following surgical repair, sub‐optimal patient outcomes are directly correlated with poor muscle quality; namely, injury site fatty infiltration, fibrosis, and muscle atrophy. Muscle resident fibro‐adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) have been identified as key regulators of post‐injury skeletal muscle regeneration and repair by maintaining a pro‐myogenic environment. In this work, human FAPs (hFAPs) were encapsulated into hyaluronic acid (HyA)‐based hydrogels functionalized with bsp‐RGD(15) cell adhesion peptide, heparin, and a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐cleavable crosslinker. Hydrogel‐encapsulated hFAPs increased expression of the pro‐myogenic marker UCP1 and production of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 while downregulating the expression of the fibrotic marker αSMA over time. A murine model of unilateral rotator cuff transection, denervation, and delayed repair was treated with the HyA hydrogel or PBS and compared to a contralateral, non‐injured control limb. Muscle histology 6 weeks post‐repair revealed that the hydrogel reduced fibrosis, FI, and muscle atrophy while supporting vascularization of the injured tissue region. Collectively, these results suggest that the HyA hydrogel alone can promote muscle regeneration in a clinically relevant delayed repair model of rotator cuff tear, which is hypothesized due to controlled FAP differentiation into pro‐myogenic lineages.
Regional‐Specific Decellularized Meniscus Extracellular Matrix Elastic Nanofiber Aerogels Regulate Meniscal Regeneration and Vascularization
Authors: Huang Moran , Ding Yangfan , Dong Jize , Li Guoqi , Fu Guojian , Pang Jinhui , Sun Yaying , Zhang Shanxing , Wu Jinglei , Chen Jiwu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe meniscus is a heterogeneous structure with spatial distribution of cells and vessels. Promoting meniscus healing remains challenging, especially in its avascular inner region. The ideal repair mode shall promote meniscus repair while maintaining local avascularity to prevent pathological changes from vascular invasion. Given the natural biochemical components of native meniscus, decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (dmECM) shows promise for meniscus repair. Compared to homogeneous dmECM, regional‐specific dmECM (RS‐dmECM) appears to offer greater potential for constructing heterogeneous meniscus structures. Furthermore, there is currently no study on the effects of RS‐dmECM on vascularization. Thus, RS‐dmECM is prepared and found dmECM‐Outer induced stem cells fibrochondrogenic differentiation, while dmECM‐Inner induced the chondrogenic differentiation and inhibited angiogenesis through suppressing the peroxisome proliferators‐activated receptors signaling pathway. Subsequently, regional‐specific poly(lactic acid)/gelatin/dmECM elastic 3D nanofiber aerogels (PG‐dmECM) are fabricated to repair meniscal avascular area defects in a rabbit model. The PG‐Outer promotes meniscal fibrocartilage regeneration without a significant effect on vascular invasion. In contrast, the PG‐Inner achieves meniscal cartilage regeneration and inhibits vascular invasion. Moreover, the compressive stress can reach 117 kPa, comparable to that of the avascular area. This PG‐Inner may have the potential to promote meniscal cartilage regeneration and prevent pathological changes within the avascular area.
Nonlocal Conduction in a Metawire
Authors: Iglesias Martínez Julio Andrés , Chen Yi , Wang Ke , Wegener Martin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOhm's law of electric conduction is local in the sense that the current density at one position only depends on the electric field at that same position. For a nonlocal medium, the current density at one position depends on the electric field at other positions within the medium as well. As a result of Ohm's law, doubling the length of a wire doubles its resistance. Here, electrically conducting nonlocal architectures are discussed theoretically and experimentally for which changing the length of the metawire rather leads to a complex oscillatory behavior versus wire length. This oscillatory behavior is connected to local currents inside of the metawire flowing in the opposite direction than the externally applied field. The theoretical and experimental results for electric conduction can directly be transferred to thermal conduction or particle diffusion and may enable remote sensing applications.
Arylamine‐Linked Porous Organic Polymers with Abundant Redox‐Active Sites as High‐Capacity and High‐Rate Organic Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Bai Qiaoshuang , Huang Junlong , Tang Kehan , Zhu Youlong , Wu Dingcai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRedox‐active porous organic polymers (POPs) have emerged as promising and sustainable organic cathode materials (OCMs) for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, their performance is significantly limited by insufficient redox‐active sites and low intrinsic conductivity. Herein, a series of novel arylamine‐linked and bipolar POPs (denoted as HATN‐AQ, HATN‐BQ, HATN‐CBD, and HATN‐PTO) are designed and prepared as OCMs for LIBs. Benefiting from their high density of redox‐active sites, bipolar feature, and arylamine linkage, these POPs exhibited high capacity, high rate, and excellent long‐term cycling stability. Among them, HATN‐PTO displayed an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 329.6 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 with a high energy density of 716.7 Wh kg−1, outstanding rate performance (208.7 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1), and superior cycling stability (188.9 mAh g−1 capacity retained after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1). Furthermore, the HATN‐PTO//graphite full battery exhibited a high specific capacity of 227.3 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and maintained a high capacity of 99.1 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. Ex situ FT‐IR and XPS spectra combined with theoretical calculations are employed to elucidate the dual‐ion storage mechanism. This work provides an effective strategy for designing POPs with high‐capacity and high‐rate for OCMs.
Industrial‐current Ammonia Synthesis by Polarized Cuprous Cyanamide Coupled to Valorization of Glycerol at 4,000 mA cm−2
Authors: Wang Jiacheng (Jayden) , Bui Huong T. D. , Hu Huashuai , Kong Shuyi , Wang Xunlu , Zhu Hongbo , Ma Junqing , Xu Jintao , Liu Yihong , Liu Lijia , Chen Wei , Bi Hui , Yang Minghui , Huang Fuqiang , Brinck Tore , Wang Jiacheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (NO3RR) holds significance in both NH3 synthesis and nitrate contamination remediation. However, achieving industrial‐scale current and high stability in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer remains challenging due to inherent high full‐cell voltage for sluggish NO3RR and water oxidation. Here, Cu2NCN with positive surface electrostatic potential VS(r) is applied as highly efficient NO3RR electrocatalysts to achieve industrial‐current and low‐voltage stable NH3 production in MEA electrolyzer with coupled anodic glycerol oxidation. This paired electro‐refinery (PER) system reaches 4000 mA cm−2 at 2.52 V and remains stable at industrial‐level 1000 mA cm−2 for 100 h with the NH3 production rate of 97000 µgNH3 h−1 cm−2 and a Faradaic efficiency of 83%. Theoretical calculations elucidate that the asymmetric and electron‐withdrawing [N−C≡N] units enhance polarization and VS(r), promoting robust and asymmetric adsorption of NO3* on Cu2NCN to facilitate O−N bond dissociation. A comprehensive techno‐economic analysis demonstrates the profitability and commercial viability of this coupled system. Our work opens a new avenue and marks a significant advancement in MEA systems for industrial NH3 synthesis.
Toward Intrinsically Stretchable OLEDs with High Efficiency
Authors: Zhou Huanyu , Kim Hyun‐Wook , Jeong Woo Jin , Lee Tae‐Woo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWearable electronics require stretchable displays that can withstand large and repeated mechanical deformation without failure. Intrinsically stretchable organic light‐emitting diodes (ISOLEDs) that operate under DC voltage provide promising candidates for wearable display applications. However, the lack of sophisticated stretchable materials and processing techniques suitable for ISOLEDs results in a significant deficit in the efficiency of state‐of‐the‐art ISOLEDs compared to industrial standards. The design of stretchable conducting and semiconducting materials poses a significant challenge because of trade‐off relationships between stretchability and properties such as conductivity and charge carrier mobility. To increase the efficiency of ISOLEDs to meet industrial standards, strategies to overcome these trade‐offs must be developed. This perspective discusses recent progress and challenges in designing stretchable electrodes, light‐emitting materials, transport materials, and potential applications of ISOLEDs. It provides a useful guide in this field to develop efficient ISOLEDs for system‐level integration.
Applications of Nanomaterial‐Microorganism Hybrid Systems in the Treatment of Tumor
Authors: Khan Muskan Saif , Baig Mirza Albash , Tian Meng , Li Bowen , Feng Guoqing , Yang Run , Bai Yang , Zheng Bin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRecent advances in cancer treatments such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have brought hope for curing a variety of cancers. However, there are ongoing challenges such as poor targeting, biocompatibility and biosafety. Engineered bacteria can cope with these problems, providing a unique therapeutic approach for the treatment of tumors. Nanotechnology offers the potential to modify the surface of bacteria, and the use of biofilm and coating technology to physically encapsulate bacteria can help bacteria escape the host immune system and improve the efficiency and safety of drug delivery. Synthetic biology and genetic engineering technologies can treat bacteria as “robotic factories” to produce and deliver anti‐cancer drugs, including anti‐tumor cytokines, immunomodulators, prodrug enzymes, and so on, according to clinical needs. Engineered bacteria therapies can be used either as monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer therapies to achieve better clinical outcomes. In this review, it introduce and summarize the processing and modification methods of engineered bacteria for cancer targeted therapy, and summarize and analyze the current clinical trials of engineered bacteria for cancer targeted therapy.
Broadband Acoustic Purcell Effect from Collective Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: Huang Sibo , Xie Shuhuan , Liu Tuo , Hao Tong , Tsai Din Ping , Li Yong , Zhu Jie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Purcell effect significantly improves the performance of various emission devices but is typically constrained by a narrow operational bandwidth due to inherent resonant mechanisms. This study achieves broadband acoustic Purcell effect, substantially boosting sound emission by exploring collective quasibound states in the continuum (QBICs). A six‐cavity coupled system supporting five QBICs is introduced, wherein all of the QBICs interact strongly with an acoustic source. This system takes advantage of the high quality factors and the strong mode responses of the collective QBICs, leading to a substantial enhancement of the local density of states. Consequently, a considerable increase in sound emission is realized across the frequency range of 625–900 Hz. These findings provide insights into the physical mechanisms driving the broadband Purcell effect in resonant systems and open up promising avenues for the development of advanced acoustic emission devices.