bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experiences and the meaning of using MyTime in the preschool context from the perspective of children in need of special support, 5–6 years of age
Authors: Ahlström Sara Wallin , Almqvist Lena , Janeslätt Gunnel , Gustavsson Catharina , Harder Maria 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildren in need of special support often display delays in time processing ability, affecting everyday functioning. MyTime is an intervention programme for systematic training of time processing ability. To support preschool children's development of time processing ability and everyday functioning, it is necessary to include their perspectives of the MyTime intervention programme. A previous study shows that MyTime is feasible with children in the preschool setting and shows positive effects on time processing ability for older children in special schools. Yet, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how preschool children experience the intervention programme and how they understand its meaning. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and the meaning of using MyTime from the perspective of children with informal needs of special support (INS) 5–6 years of age in the preschool context.MethodsTo explore the children's perspectives, video‐recorded interviews with 21 children were analysed hermeneutically. To facilitate the interview situation with the children in need of special support, the Talking Mats© was used. Both body and spoken languages were analysed.ResultsThe results reveal children as active participants, willing to share their experiences of using the MyTime intervention in the preschool context. The conceptualization of the children's experiences and expressions uncovers their meaning of using the MyTime intervention as to know and to understand time by doing.ConclusionsWhen children are given the opportunity to use concrete tools to understand and measure time, they experience themselves as active participants involved and engaged in the intervention. They reveal meaningful experiences to be able to manage time that facilitate their everyday functioning and participation in the preschool context.
Prognostic factors and a dynamic model on cancer‐specific survival for T1aN0M0 glottic cancer: A population‐based analysis and clinical validation
Authors: Huang Guan‐Jiang , Chen Ming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe survival rate varies tremendously in T1aN0M0 glottic cancer patients, which may be associated with the difference on patients' characters, such as age, treatment, and marital status. The objective of this study is to identify the vital factors and construct a dynamic prognostic model for predicting the cancer‐specific survival (CSS) of patients with T1aN0M0 glottic cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe data of T1aN0M0 glottic cancer patients were extracted retrospectively from the SEER database between 2004 and 2015, which were randomly divided into the training dataset (70%) and the validation dataset (30%). The training cohort was used to identify independent prognostic factors and build the prognostic nomogram. While the validation cohort was used to validate the applicability of the newly constructed model.Main Outcome MeasuresThe model was evaluated with the discrimination, the calibration, and the clinical benefit. The external data collecting from a medical center were used to validate the performance of the prognostic model.ResultsTotally, 3286 eligible patients in the data of the SEER database and 139 eligible patients in our external clinical cohort were finally identified. 5 independent prognostic factors (age, marital status, Grade, primary site surgery, and chemotherapy) were identified and applied to develop the dynamic prognostic tool. C‐indexes, receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analyses proved that the prognostic nomogram showed excellent predictive accuracy, ability, and prognostic value. Using internal and external cohorts, the validation of the model also proved its reliability.ConclusionPrognostic factors for T1aN0M0 glottic cancer were identified. The novel web‐based prognostic prediction tool may be beneficial in clinical decision‐making and has value in risk stratification, personalized treatment, and clinical trial design.
The detrimental consequences of two consecutive disasters impacting cytopathology in Ukraine: COVID followed by the war
Authors: Sulaieva Oksana , Dudin Oleksandr , Botsun Pavlina , Pischanska Svitlana , Karpachova Valentina , Omelianenko Iryna , Burkatska Mariia , Panko Ihor , Meged Tetyana , Solodka Yaroslava , Haidamak Olena , Prokopenko Tetiana , Morozov Bogdan , Rybalchenko Taras , Dzerzhinsky Mykola , Falalyeyeva Tetyana , Kobyliak Nazarii 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic and ongoing war in Ukraine caused unprecedented disruption in healthcare, including cytopathology activities. This paper elucidates the effect of two consecutive disasters—the COVID‐19 pandemic followed by the war—on cytopathology practice in Ukraine through a single‐centre retrospective study. Total testing volumes, geographic distribution, and indicators of laboratory operations were assessed during three periods of 3 months each: the first 3 months of the acute phase of the war (March‐May 2022, period 1); summer (June‐August 2022, period 2); and the fall (September‐November 2022, period 3, associated with massive attacks on the energy infrastructure in Ukraine). These data were compared with the corresponding periods in 2020, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and in 2021, the post‐lockdown period. The ongoing war in Ukraine has caused a dramatic disruption in routine health maintenance and cytological practice. A net decline in both PAP testing and non‐gynaecological pathology was associated with a geographic redistribution of cytopathological testing, and an increase in the rate of abnormal sample reporting. Despite these challenges, cytopathology practice in Ukraine demonstrates resilience, allowing for maintaining the healthcare system and addressing the needs of the civil population during the war. The ongoing war in Ukraine heavily affected cytological practice. The decline in PAP testing during the early period of the war was associated with an increase in the abnormal sample rate. Further study of the war's impact on the cervical pathology rate and the health of the population in the next decades is needed.
Neutrophilic dermatoses – Pathomechanistic concepts and therapeutic developments
Authors: Bonnekoh Hanna , Erpenbeck Luise 
Published: April 2023

SummaryNeutrophilic dermatoses are a group of clinically heterogeneous diseases characterized by infiltration of neutrophils in the affected tissue. Skin symptoms comprise a spectrum of wheals, papules, plaques, pustules, nodules and ulcerations often in combination with systemic symptoms. Although the pathogenesis of these diseases has not yet been elucidated in depth, broad pathophysiological and clinical overlaps exist with autoinflammatory syndromes. Additionally, recent years have shown the relevance of the signaling pathways of TNF‐α, IL‐1, IL‐12/23 and IL‐17 in neutrophilic dermatoses. In this review, we present four selected neutrophilic dermatoses, namely pyoderma gangraenosum, Sweet syndrome, generalized pustular psoriasis and Schnitzler syndrome, discuss pathophysiological aspects and specifically address novel therapeutic options derived from the most recent pathophysiological findings.
Neutrophile Dermatosen – Pathomechanistische Konzepte und therapeutische Entwicklungen
Authors: Bonnekoh Hanna , Erpenbeck Luise 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungNeutrophile Dermatosen sind eine Gruppe von klinisch heterogenen Erkrankungen, die durch eine Infiltration von Neutrophilen im betroffenen Gewebe gekennzeichnet sind. Die Hautsymptome umfassen ein Spektrum von Quaddeln, Papeln, Plaques, Pusteln, Knoten und Ulzerationen, oft in Kombination mit systemischen Symptomen. Obwohl die Pathogenese dieser Krankheiten noch nicht vollständig geklärt ist, gibt es breite pathophysiologische und klinische Überschneidungen mit autoinflammatorischen Syndromen. Darüber hinaus haben die letzten Jahre die Bedeutung der Signalwege von TNF‐α, IL‐1, IL‐12/23 und IL‐17 bei neutrophilen Dermatosen gezeigt. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit stellen wir vier ausgewählte neutrophile Dermatosen vor, namentlich das Pyoderma gangraenosum, das Sweet‐Syndrom, die generalisierte pustulöse Psoriasis und das Schnitzler‐Syndrom. Wir erörtern pathophysiologische Aspekte und gehen speziell auf neue therapeutische Optionen ein, die sich aus den aktuellen pathophysiologischen Erkenntnissen ergeben.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐based application system for predicting endoscopic resection‐related outcomes and diagnosing subepithelial lesions: Multicenter prospective study
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Zhou Jiawei , Wang Peizhu , Wang Peng , Wang Limei , Mu Linjun , Lang Cuicui , Mu Ying , Wang Xiaohong , Shang Ruilian , Li Qun , Lv Hongna , Wu Kangkang , Shi Ning , Jia Xingfang , Lai Yonghang , Zhang Yiyan , Li Zhen , Zhong Ning 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesSubepithelial lesions (SELs) are associated with various endoscopic resection (ER) outcomes and diagnostic challenges. We aimed to establish a tool for predicting ER‐related outcomes and diagnosing SELs and to investigate the predictive value of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).MethodsPhase 1 (system development) was performed in a retrospective cohort (n = 837) who underwent EUS before ER for SELs at eight hospitals. Prediction models for five key outcomes were developed using logistic regression. Models with satisfactory internal validation performance were included in a mobile application system, SEL endoscopic resection predictor (SELERP). In Phase 2, the models were externally validated in a prospective cohort of 200 patients.ResultsAn SELERP was developed using EUS characteristics, which included 10 models for five key outcomes: post‐ER ulcer management, short procedure time, long hospital stay, high medication costs, and diagnosis of SELs. In Phase 1, 10 models were derived and validated (C‐statistics, 0.67–0.99; calibration‐in‐the‐large, −0.14–0.10; calibration slopes, 0.92–1.08). In Phase 2, the derived risk prediction models showed convincing discrimination (C‐statistics, 0.64–0.73) and calibration (calibration‐in‐the‐large, −0.02–0.05; calibration slopes, 1.01–1.09) in the prospective cohort. The sensitivities and specificities of the five diagnostic models were 68.3–95.7% and 64.1–83.3%, respectively.ConclusionWe developed and prospectively validated an application system for the prediction of ER outcomes and diagnosis of SELs, which could aid clinical decision‐making and facilitate patient–physician consultation. EUS features significantly contributed to the prediction.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2000040118).
The “make or break” impact of family dynamics on psychological outcomes in focal epilepsy
Authors: Rayner Genevieve , Pieters Jessamae , Broomfield Grace , Eyres Jacquie , Schipp Jasmine , Wilson Sarah J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveLiving with epilepsy can shape the dynamics of the whole family unit. The first objective of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of our purpose‐built online family mapping tool: “Living with Epilepsy.” Our second objective was to identify distinct patterns of emotional closeness between family members (family typologies), and to explore (1) whether family typologies are shaped by epilepsy‐related factors, and (2) which typologies confer optimal psychological outcomes to people with epilepsy.MethodsNinety‐one adults with chronic epilepsy and their caregivers (n = 56) participated and 70 similarly aged healthy controls and 36 caregiver controls (N = 253). Purpose‐built software assessed a range of epilepsy‐specific psychosocial issues, including family mapping. Questionnaires validated for epilepsy evaluated mood and quality of life (QOL).ResultsThe reliability and validity of the family mapping tool was established. Family maps revealed three typologies varying in emotional closeness, each with distinct patterns of healthy vs maladaptive family behavior: Extremely Close (32%), Close (54%), and Fractured (14%). There was no difference in the frequency of typology between epilepsy and control families (p > .05). Within the epilepsy cohort, however, patients with seizure onset in childhood largely belonged to the extreme typologies: Extremely Close (47%) or Fractured (42%). In comparison, those with adolescent or adult onset commonly belonged to the moderate typology: Close (53%). People with epilepsy from Extremely Close families reported significantly higher QOL (p = .013) and lower mood symptoms (p = .008) relative to other typologies; no such association was found for controls or caregivers (p > .05).SignificanceThese findings suggest that adults whose epilepsy commenced in childhood are likely to have extreme family dynamics characterized by either being brought closer together or driven apart. Extremely close families appear highly adaptive for people with epilepsy, bringing benefits for mood and QOL not seen in their caregivers or controls. The results provide strong empirical support for the value of an emotionally supportive family when living with epilepsy and suggest that fostering healthy connections within epilepsy families can optimize long‐term patient well‐being.
Land‐use intensification systematically alters the size structure of aquatic communities in the Neotropics
Authors: Collyer Giovanna , Perkins Daniel M. , Petsch Danielle K. , Siqueira Tadeu , Saito Victor 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLand‐use and land‐cover transitions can affect biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in a myriad of ways, including how energy is transferred within food‐webs. Size spectra (i.e. relationships between body size and biomass or abundance) provide a means to assess how food‐webs respond to environmental stressors by depicting how energy is transferred from small to larger organisms. Here, we investigated changes in the size spectrum of aquatic macroinvertebrates along a broad land‐use intensification gradient (from Atlantic Forest to mechanized agriculture) in 30 Brazilian streams. We expected to find a steeper size spectrum slope and lower total biomass in more disturbed streams due to higher energetic expenditure in physiologically stressful conditions, which has a disproportionate impact on large individuals. As expected, we found that more disturbed streams had fewer small organisms than pristine forest streams, but, surprisingly, they had shallower size spectrum slopes, which indicates that energy might be transferred more efficiently in disturbed streams. Disturbed streams were also less taxonomically diverse, suggesting that the potentially higher energy transfer in these webs might be channelled via a few efficient trophic links. However, because total biomass was higher in pristine streams, these sites still supported a greater number of larger organisms and longer food chains (i.e. larger size range). Our results indicate that land‐use intensification decreases ecosystem stability and enhances vulnerability to population extinctions by reducing the possible energetic pathways while enhancing efficiency between the remaining food‐web linkages. Our study represents a step forward in understanding how land‐use intensification affects trophic interactions and ecosystem functioning in aquatic systems.
Assessing the efficiency and vulnerability of global liner shipping network
Authors: Xu Mengqiao , Zhu Yifan , Deng Wenhui , Shen Yihui , Li Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlobal liner shipping network (GLSN) constitutes an essential part of global maritime supply chains, but it could be vulnerable to disruptions. This paper develops an integrated framework for assessing the efficiency and vulnerability of GLSN. Specifically, a novel efficiency metric is proposed to quantify the performance of GLSN, and the framework enables modeling different levels of port disruption scenarios. Results show that the overall GLSN is quite robust under the partial disruption scenario of any single port (or of any single country's ports), but the damage to different countries is highly heterogeneous. Under dismantling scenarios where the identified most critical ports (countries) are successively disrupted, the GLSN vulnerability increases non‐linearly with an increasing level of disruption. Our findings demonstrate that it is necessary to monitor and protect the identified critical ports (countries); especially, avoiding their simultaneously complete disruptions is of vital importance to the robust functionality of GLSN.
Impact of liver failure on the circulating extracellular vesicle miRNA repertoire
Authors: Mastoridis Sotiris , Patel Vishal , Christakoudi Sofia , Lozano Juan Jose , Salehi Siamak , Kurt Ada , Grossart Cathleen , Kodela Elisavet , Martinez‐Llordella Marc , Sanchez‐Fueyo Alberto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground & aimsCell‐derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) participate in cell–cell communication via the transfer of molecular cargo including selectively enriched microRNAs (miRNAs). Utilizing advances in sEV isolation and characterization, this study investigates the impact of liver injury and dysfunction on the circulating EV‐miRNA profile.MethodsHigh‐throughput screening of 799 sEV‐miRNAs isolated from plasma was performed in patients across a spectrum of liver disorders including compensated and decompensated chronic liver disease, acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF), and acute liver failure, in addition to healthy controls and those with severe sepsis. miRNA levels were compared with clinical and biochemical parameters, composite scores of liver disease, and patient outcomes.ResultsmiRNA screening revealed the degree of hepatic dysfunction to be the main determinant of changes in circulating sEV‐miRNA profile, with liver‐specific miRNA‐122 being among the most highly dysregulated in severe injury. Principal components analyses of the 215 differentially expressed miRNAs showed differing profiles, particularly among those with acute liver injury and ACLF. A distinct profile of dysregulated miRNA, but not circulating cytokines, was shown to characterize ACLF, with four consensus miRNAs identified—miR‐320e, miR‐374‐5p, miR‐202‐3p, and miR‐1910‐5p. High miR‐320e was associated with poorer 90‐day survival (p = 0.014) and regulated the functional gene targets IK, RPS5, MANBAL, and PEBP1.ConclusionsThis first comprehensive analysis to the best of our knowledge of patients with varying degrees and stages of liver failure demonstrates miRNA profiles specifically within the sEV compartment to be significantly altered in progressive liver disease and highlights the diagnostic and prognostic potential of sEV‐miRNA in ACLF while also establishing downstream gene targets.
Deep learning‐based classification and spatial prognosis risk score on whole‐slide images of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ding Hanlin , Feng Yipeng , Huang Xing , Xu Jijing , Zhang Te , Liang Yingkuan , Wang Hui , Chen Bing , Mao Qixing , Xia Wenjie , Huang Xiaocheng , Xu Lin , Dong Gaochao , Jiang Feng 
Published: April 2023

AimsClassification of histological patterns in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is critical for clinical decision‐making, especially in the early stage. However, the inter‐ and intraobserver subjectivity of pathologists make the quantification of histological patterns varied and inconsistent. Moreover, the spatial information of histological patterns is not evident to the naked eye of pathologists.Methods and resultsWe establish the LUAD‐subtype deep learning model (LSDLM) with optimal ResNet34 followed by a four‐layer Neural Network classifier, based on 40 000 well‐annotated path‐level tiles. The LSDLM shows robust performance for the identification of histopathological subtypes on the whole‐slide level, with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.93, 0.96 and 0.85 across one internal and two external validation data sets. The LSDLM is capable of accurately distinguishing different LUAD subtypes through confusion matrices, albeit with a bias for high‐risk subtypes. It possesses mixed histology pattern recognition on a par with senior pathologists. Combining the LSDLM‐based risk score with the spatial K score (K‐RS) shows great capacity for stratifying patients. Furthermore, we found the corresponding gene‐level signature (AI‐SRSS) to be an independent risk factor correlated with prognosis.ConclusionsLeveraging state‐of‐the‐art deep learning models, the LSDLM shows capacity to assist pathologists in classifying histological patterns and prognosis stratification of LUAD patients.
Petrogenesis of mafic rocks from northwest Iran (Piranshahr) and comparison with northeast Iraq ophiolites: Implications for slab window magmatism in an evolving Neotethys arc
Authors: Yazdani Maryam , Moazzen Mohssen , Oberhänsli Roland 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Piranshahr ophiolite is located in northwest Iran. The Mawat ophiolite in northeast Iraq is the western continuation of the Piranshahr ophiolite. The whole rock geochemistry of mafic rocks from the Piranshahr ophiolite (in the Gerdikavalan regions) is studied and compared with mafic rocks from the Mawat ophiolite in northeast Iraq (in the Hasanbag, Walash and Naopurdan regions). Two groups can be identified among the ophiolitic basalts in northwest Iran and northeast Iraq. The first one is represented by Late Cretaceous calc‐alkaline basalts, displaying typical active continental margin signatures and thought to have been derived from the melting of enriched mantle sources modified by continental crust and subduction fluids. The second group is characterized by Eocene–Oligocene tholeiitic basalts, displaying signatures intermediate between mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and oceanic island basalt (OIB) and back‐arc basin (BAB) like magmas and suggested to have been derived from the melting of mixed asthenospheric‐lithospheric mantle sources in a slab window. We propose that the subduction signature is acquired by interaction of the mantle advected through the slab window in the upper part of the subducting plate.