bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel classification‐based shilling attack detection approach for multi‐criteria recommender systems
Authors: Kaya Tugba Turkoglu , Yalcin Emre , Kaleli Cihan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecommender systems are emerging techniques guiding individuals with provided referrals by considering their past rating behaviors. By collecting multi‐criteria preferences concentrating on distinguishing perspectives of the items, a new extension of traditional recommenders, multi‐criteria recommender systems reveal how much a user likes an item and why user likes it; thus, they can improve predictive accuracy. However, these systems might be more vulnerable to malicious attacks than traditional ones, as they expose multiple dimensions of user opinions on items. Attackers might try to inject fake profiles into these systems to skew the recommendation results in favor of some particular items or to bring the system into discredit. Although several methods exist to defend systems against such attacks for traditional recommenders, achieving robust systems by capturing shill profiles remains elusive for multi‐criteria rating‐based ones. Therefore, in this study, we first consider a prominent and novel attack type, that is, the power‐item attack model, and introduce its four distinct variants adapted for multi‐criteria data collections. Then, we propose a classification method detecting shill profiles based on various generic and model‐based user attributes, most of which are new features usually related to item popularity and distribution of rating values. The experiments conducted on three benchmark datasets conclude that the proposed method successfully detects attack profiles from genuine users even with a small selected size and attack size. The empirical outcomes also demonstrate that item popularity and user characteristics based on their rating profiles are highly beneficial features in capturing shilling attack profiles.
Could “Lehman Sisters” reduce bank risk‐taking? International evidence
Authors: Hoang Anh , Wu Qiongbing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResearch question/issueSince the global financial crisis triggered by the collapse of Lehman Brothers, board gender diversity has attracted growing attention among academia and policy makers. The “Lehman Sisters” hypothesis argues for more female representation on bank director boards based on the stereotyped gender gap in risk preference, which has been widely supported by empirical studies on nonfinancial firms. However, due to the constraint of data unavailability, empirical research on board gender diversity and bank risk‐taking is relatively scarce and mostly confined to individual developed markets with inconclusive findings. In this paper, we examine the impact of board gender diversity on bank risk‐taking using a large hand‐collected dataset covering 480 commercial banks across 18 developed and 21 developing countries over the period 2007–2016.Research findings/insightsWe find that lower bank risk‐taking is associated with greater board gender diversity, supporting the “Lehman Sisters” hypothesis in the international context; however, this effect is significantly weakened in countries with more hostile perception toward working women. We also confirm the critical threshold of three female directors to play a significant role in reducing bank risk‐taking, providing novel international evidence in support of the critical mass theory from the banking sector.Theoretical/academic implicationsOur findings help to reconcile existing contradictory empirical evidence from different countries by highlighting the importance of cultural effects.Practitioner/policy implicationsWe provide the first international empirical evidence in support of the policies aimed to promote representation of women on director boards, particularly in the banking sector. We confirm that a critical mass number of female directors on a bank board is important to avoid the tokenism problem. In countries with less support toward working women, policy makers also need to work on improving the overall working environment for women in order to achieve the expected outcome.
mTORsignalling pathway in stem cell bioactivities and angiogenesis potential
Authors: Lotfimehr Hamid , Mardi Narges , Narimani Samaneh , Nasrabadi Hamid Tayefi , Karimipour Mohammad , Sokullu Emel , Rahbarghazi Reza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a protein kinase that responds to different stimuli such as stresses, starvation and hypoxic conditions. The modulation of this effector can lead to the alteration of cell dynamic growth, proliferation, basal metabolism and other bioactivities. Considering this fact, the mTOR pathway is believed to regulate the diverse functions in several cell lineages. Due to the pleiotropic effects of the mTOR, we here, hypothesize that this effector can also regulate the bioactivity of stem cells in response to external stimuli pathways under physiological and pathological conditions. As a correlation, we aimed to highlight the close relationship between the mTOR signalling axis and the regenerative potential of stem cells in a different milieu. The relevant publications were included in this study using electronic searches of the PubMed database from inception to February 2023. We noted that the mTOR signalling cascade can affect different stem cell bioactivities, especially angiogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions. Modulation of mTOR signalling pathways is thought of as an effective strategy to modulate the angiogenic properties of stem cells.
Direct observation of the evolution of cell‐type‐specific microRNA expression signatures supports the hematopoietic origin model of endothelial cells
Authors: Jenike Ana E. , Jenike Katharine M. , Peterson Kevin J. , Fromm Bastian , Halushka Marc K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe evolution of specialized cell‐types is a long‐standing interest of biologists, but given the deep time‐scales very difficult to reconstruct or observe. microRNAs have been linked to the evolution of cellular complexity and may inform on specialization. The endothelium is a vertebrate‐specific specialization of the circulatory system that enabled a critical new level of vasoregulation. The evolutionary origin of these endothelial cells is unclear. We hypothesized that Mir‐126, an endothelial cell‐specific microRNA may be informative. We here reconstruct the evolutionary history of Mir‐126. Mir‐126 likely appeared in the last common ancestor of vertebrates and tunicates, which was a species without an endothelium, within an intron of the evolutionary much older EGF Like Domain Multiple (Egfl) locus. Mir‐126 has a complex evolutionary history due to duplications and losses of both the host gene and the microRNA. Taking advantage of the strong evolutionary conservation of the microRNA among Olfactores, and using RNA in situ hybridization, we localized Mir‐126 in the tunicate Ciona robusta. We found exclusive expression of the mature Mir‐126 in granular amebocytes, supporting a long‐proposed scenario that endothelial cells arose from hemoblasts, a type of proto‐endothelial amoebocyte found throughout invertebrates. This observed change of expression of Mir‐126 from proto‐endothelial amoebocytes in the tunicate to endothelial cells in vertebrates is the first direct observation of the evolution of a cell‐type in relation to microRNA expression indicating that microRNAs can be a prerequisite of cell‐type evolution.
PD‐L1 expression predicts efficacy in the phase II SPiReL trial with MVP‐S, pembrolizumab, and low‐dose CPA in R/R DLBCL
Authors: Amitai Irina , Roos Kim , Rashedi Iran , Jiang Yidi , Mangoff Kathryn , Klein Gail , Forward Nicholas , Stewart Douglas , Laneuville Pierre , Bence‐Bruckler Isabelle , Mangel Joy , Tomlinson George , Berinstein Neil L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) have limited treatment options.MethodsR/R DLBCL patients, who were mostly ineligible for ASCT due to age or comorbidities, were treated with maveropepimut‐S (MVP‐S, previously DPX‐Survivac) a survivin directed T cell educating therapy, pembrolizumab, and intermittent low‐dose cyclophosphamide.FindingsWe identified, using univariate analysis, a subset of patients with enhanced ORR, PFS and DOR. Patients with baseline CD20+/PD‐L1 expression had an ORR of 46% (6/13) and the disease control rate was 10/13 (77%). The PFS and OS of the positive CD20+/PD‐L1 patients were 7.1 months and 17.4 months, whereas in the intent‐to‐treat (ITT) population of 25 enrolled patients, the ORR was 28% (7/25), median PFS and OS were 4.2 months and 10.1 months respectively. A total of 6/7 clinical responders occurred in CD20+/PD‐L1 patients. The regimen was well‐tolerated, requiring only minor dose modifications and one discontinuation. Grade 1 or 2 injection site reactions occurred in 14/25, (56%). Statistically significant associations were also seen between PFS and; injection site reactions; and ELISpot response to survivin peptides, both identifying the mechanistic importance of specific immune responses to survivin.InterpretationThis immunotherapy combination was found to be active and safe in this clinically challenging patient population.
Emerging niche clustering results from both competition and predation
Authors: Haraldsson Matilda , Thébault Elisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding species coexistence has been a central question in ecology for decades, and the notion that competing species need to differ in their ecological niche for stable coexistence has dominated. Recent theoretical and empirical work suggests differently. Species can also escape competitive exclusion by being similar, leading to clusters of species with similar traits. This theory has so far only been explored under competition. By combining mathematical and numerical analyses, we reveal that competition and predation are equally capable to promote clusters of similar species in prey–predator communities, their relative importance being modulated by resource availability. We further show that predation has a stabilizing effect on clustering patterns, making the clusters more diverse. Our results merge different ecological theories and bring new light to the emergent neutrality theory by adding the perspective of trophic interactions. These results open new perspectives to the study of trait distributions in ecological interaction networks.
Community theory: Testing environmental stress models
Authors: Menge Bruce A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntensifying climate change and an increasing need for understanding its impacts on ecological communities places new emphasis on testing environmental stress models (ESMs). Using a prior literature search plus references from a more recent search, I evaluated empirical support for ESMs, focusing on whether consumer pressure on prey decreased (consumer stress model; CSM) or increased (prey stress model; PSM) with increasing environmental stress. Applying the criterion that testing ESMs requires conducting research at multiple sites along environmental stress gradients, the analysis found that CSMs were most frequent, with ‘No Effect’ and PSMs occurring at low but similar frequencies. This result contrasts to a prior survey in which ‘No Effect’ studies were most frequent, thus suggesting that consumers are generally more suppressed by stress than prey. Thus, increased climate change‐induced environmental stress seems likely to reduce, not increase impacts of consumers on prey more often than the reverse
Impact of epilepsy surgery on quality of life: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shakhatreh Lubna , Foster Emma , Siriratnam Pakeeran , Neal Andrew , Carney Patrick W. , Jackson Graeme D. , O'Brien Terence J. , Kwan Patrick , Chen Zhibin , Ademi Zanfina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImproved quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome goal following epilepsy surgery. This study aims to quantify change in QoL for adults with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) who undergo epilepsy surgery, and to explore clinicodemographic factors associated with these changes. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis using Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. All studies reporting pre‐ and post‐epilepsy surgery QoL scores in adults with DRE via validated instruments were included. Meta‐analysis assessed the postsurgery change in QoL. Meta‐regression assessed the effect of postoperative seizure outcomes on postoperative QoL as well as change in pre‐ and postoperative QoL scores. A total of 3774 titles and abstracts were reviewed, and ultimately 16 studies, comprising 1182 unique patients, were included. Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory–31 item (QOLIE‐31) meta‐analysis included six studies, and QOLIE‐89 meta‐analysis included four studies. Postoperative change in raw score was 20.5 for QOLIE‐31 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.9–30.1, I2 = 95.5) and 12.1 for QOLIE‐89 (95% CI = 8.0–16.1, I2 = 55.0%). This corresponds to clinically meaningful QOL improvements. Meta‐regression demonstrated a higher postoperative QOLIE‐31 score as well as change in pre‐ and postoperative QOLIE‐31 score among studies of cohorts with higher proportions of patients with favorable seizure outcomes. At an individual study level, preoperative absence of mood disorders, better preoperative cognition, fewer trials of antiseizure medications before surgery, high levels of conscientiousness and openness to experience at the baseline, engagement in paid employment before and after surgery, and not being on antidepressants following surgery were associated with improved postoperative QoL. This study demonstrates the potential for epilepsy surgery to provide clinically meaningful improvements in QoL, as well as identifies clinicodemographic factors associated with this outcome. Limitations include substantial heterogeneity between individual studies and high risk of bias.
Rape, ritual, rupture, and repair: Decentering Euro‐American logics of trauma and healing in an analytic autoethnography of the five years after my rape in Sierra Leone
Authors: Schneider Luisa Theresia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResponses to the trauma of rape vary. People find different responses helpful and a multiplicity of trauma theories should be considered. Through an autoethnography and critical phenomenology of myself and my collaborators in Sierra Leone after I was raped there, I analyze how subjective and cultural frames for managing rape impact an individual's processing of the experience; how they shape ideas of self, community, and world; and how they frame their unraveling and remaking. While I retreated, internalized, and individualized my rape, my collaborators wanted me to externalize it, let the community help, and undergo a ritual to disconnect me from my rapist. Cross‐cultural exchange can enhance understandings of responses to trauma and approaches to healing. This is done not to cement cultural frames, to localize or to particularize trauma, nor to overgeneralize but to consider interlocking factors, fill in politically created gaps in focus and memory, and consider multiplicity as enriching on a level playing field. This may help decenter Euro‐American notions of trauma and foster an ethics of care.
The impact of geography and climate on the population structure and local adaptation in a wild bee
Authors: Samad‐zada Farida , Kelemen Evan P. , Rehan Sandra M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeciphering processes that contribute to genetic differentiation and divergent selection of natural populations is useful for evaluating the adaptive potential and resilience of organisms faced with various anthropogenic stressors. Insect pollinator species, including wild bees, provide critical ecosystem services but are highly susceptible to biodiversity declines. Here, we use population genomics to infer the genetic structure and test for evidence of local adaptation in an economically important native pollinator, the small carpenter bee (Ceratina calcarata). Using genome‐wide SNP data (n = 8302), collected from specimens across the species' entire distribution, we evaluated population differentiation and genetic diversity and identified putative signatures of selection in the context of geographic and environmental variation. Results of the analyses of principal component and Bayesian clustering were concordant with the presence of two to three genetic clusters, associated with landscape features and inferred phylogeography of the species. All populations examined in our study demonstrated a heterozygote deficit, along with significant levels of inbreeding. We identified 250 robust outlier SNPs, corresponding to 85 annotated genes with known functional relevance to thermoregulation, photoperiod, and responses to various abiotic and biotic stressors. Taken together, these data provide evidence for local adaptation in a wild bee and highlight genetic responses of native pollinators to landscape and climate features.
Clinical efficacy and safety of two different hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether‐mediated photodynamic therapy regimen in Chinese children with port‐wine stain
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Wang Xiuwei , Chen Hongguang , Cao Huina , Zhang Hongli , Yang Ming , Zhu Yun , Qin Qin , Liu Xiaoyan , Wang Jianhua , Zhang Gaolei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHematoporphyrin monomethyl ether‐photodynamic therapy (HMME‐PDT) has achieved encouraging clinical outcomes in adult port‐wine stain (PWS). Optimal treatment option for children with PWS was minimal. To compare whether the clinical effectiveness of HMME‐PDT with the 5‐min (fast) administration treatment regimen (FATR) was better than the 20‐min (slow) administration treatment regimen (SATR) for PWS of children in vivo and in vitro. Thirty‐four children with PWS were divided into two groups including FATR and SATR. The two groups received three times HMME‐PDT, respectively. Treatment efficacy and safety were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Erythema index (EI) was used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. Both FATR and SATR were effective and safe in children with PWS after HMME‐PDT. There were significance differences between the two groups in reductions of EI after the second treatment (p < 0.001) and the third treatment (p < 0.001) with HMME‐PDT. The serum HMME concentration reach the peak level at short time compare with SATR group. A significance increased superoxide levels were observed in FATR group compare to SATR groups in vitro (p < 0.05). Our study suggested that HMME‐PDT was effective and safe for children with PWS, the therapy regimen with FATR was better in clinical efficacy than that of the SATR.
Deep‐SQA: A deep learning model using motor activity data for objective sleep quality assessment assisting digital wellness in healthcare 5.0
Authors: Arora Anshika , Chakraborty Pinaki , Bhatia M. P. S. , Kumar Akshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWearable sensor‐based devices like actigraphs collect motor activity data which provide objective measures of physical activity. This research puts forward a novel methodology for assessment of objective sleep quality using actigraph recordings of motor activity. High level features of sequential motor activity data are extracted using Long‐Short Term Memory (LSTM) model which are then paired with a significant statistical feature namely, zero percent which describes the percentage of events with zero activity over a series. Overlapping sliding window is used to input sequences into LSTM to capture superior features in activity recordings. The predictive ability of the combined feature vector is evaluated using support vector machine (SVM) classifier. This hybrid LSTM‐SVM framework is validated on a benchmark dataset namely, the MESA Actigraphy dataset and achieves an accuracy of 85.62% for sleep quality prediction. Effectiveness of overlapping sliding window and statistical feature are evaluated, and their significance is validated. It is validated that the concept of overlapping sliding window improves the performance accuracy by 3.51% and the use of discriminative statistical feature improves sleep quality prediction task by 2.95%. Comparison with state of the art validates that this is the first study using objective sleep quality indicator for assessment of sleep quality via actigraph‐based motor activity data.
Multi‐objective sunflower optimization: A new hypercubic meta‐heuristic for constrained engineering problems
Authors: Pereira João Luiz Junho , Gomes Guilherme Ferreira 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to solve challenging engineering problems, the state‐of‐the‐art in multi‐objective optimization shows a trend toward using meta‐heuristics and a posteriori decision‐making methods. This encourages the search for algorithms better able to find Pareto fronts with more convergence, coverage, and lower computational cost. This work shows the creation and validation of the Multi‐objective Sunflower Optimization (MOSFO), a hypercubic and constrained multi‐objective meta‐heuristic inspired by the phototropic life cycle of sunflowers around the sun. Having a much simpler programming model than most evolutionary algorithms, MOSFO was validated using the most difficult set of test functions in the literature (CEC 2009) and applied to ten constrained multi‐objective optimization problems (CEC 2021). The proposed algorithm was compared with ten other powerful algorithms: MOGWO, MOPSO, NSGA‐II, MOEA/D, NSGA‐III, CCMO, ARMOEA, ToP, TiGE 2, and AnD. Inverted General Distance, Spacing, Maximum Spread, and Hyper volume were used as comparison metrics to evaluate the convergence and coverage capabilities of the algorithms. MOSFO had the best average IGD value in 8 of the 10 test functions when compared with the other algorithms. In terms of MS, MOSFO had the highest average value of MS for 7 of the test functions. In summary, MOSFO showed substantial convergence and coverage capabilities and proved to be very competitive among the algorithms used, which were carefully selected to be popular and recent. The method is even more promising for problems with three or more objectives.
On 50 years of fatigue crack closure dispute
Authors: Kujawski Daniel , Vasudevan Asuri K. , Ricker Richard Edmond , Sadananda K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, we examine the 50 years of observations and interpretations into the subject of fatigue crack closure in lab air and aqueous solutions: disputes and implications. Over this period, several closure concepts have been invoked to explain why the crack propagation threshold ΔKth should reduce with load ratio R. Among these, three types are the most popular and these are closure induced by crack (i) plasticity (PICC), (ii) oxides (OICC), and (iii) roughness (RICC). Therefore, these three and their role in shielding the fatigue crack tip are critically examined. This analysis finds that the reduction in ΔKth with increasing R‐ratio in lab air and aqueous solutions is weakly linked to decreasing crack closure behind the crack tip but strongly related to the access of the environment to the crack tip region and its influence on fatigue damage at and ahead of the crack tip. Supporting evidence for this interpretation comes from the lack of ΔKth dependence on R in a good vacuum (with partial pressure of 10−5 Pa or less). In chemical environments, our viewpoint is supported by a critical analysis of corrosion processes that found that there is insufficient time for most metallic species to form ions, hydrolyze, and transform into hard phases at the crack tip before closure. Therefore, when closure occurs at the crack tip, most of the oxidized metallic species will exist as aquo‐complexes, gel, or colloids that have insufficient shear strength to wedge crack faces during unloading.