bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurophysiological Measures of Proactive and Reactive Control in Negative Template Use
Authors: Chidharom Matthieu , Carlisle Nancy B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In a visual search task, knowing features of distractors in advance leads to a more efficient visual search. Although previous studies suggested that the benefits of these negative cues rely on attentional control, it is unclear whether proactive or reactive control is involved. In this study, we analyzed the EEG data of participants performing a visual search task (n = 14). Participants searched for a shape-defined target after receiving a positive cue (target color), negative cue (distractor color), or neutral cue (non-informative). To examine proactive control, we measured EEG after the cue onset but before visual search. Our time–frequency analysis revealed a higher power of theta oscillations over frontoparietal regions after the negative cues compared with the positive and neutral cues, as well as higher theta phase synchronization within the prefrontal region, demonstrating negative cues rely more heavily on proactive control compared with other cue types. To examine reactive control, we measured EEG after the search onset. We found a lateralization of posterior alpha power toward the target side in both positive and negative cues conditions, with a later lateralization observed after negative cues. Interestingly, we observed a significant relationship between the increase of proactive theta power after negative cues and the decrease of reactive alpha power after the search. This suggests the coordination of proactive and reactive mechanisms lead to the most efficient search.
The Legal Duty of States to Cooperate in the Fight Against Pandemic Disease under the International Health Regulations
Authors: Yiallourides Constantinos 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The paper outlines the contemporary legal framework of global health focusing on the legal duty of States to cooperate in the surveillance, prevention, and control of epidemic and pandemic disease. The paper details, in particular, the content and nature of States’ duty to cooperate under the International Health Regulations – the primary international legal instrument governing the global response to such events. It also examines the role of the World Health Organization and other UN bodies in fostering cooperation between States in the fight against epidemics and pandemics.
Rudolf Haller
Authors: Stadler Friedrich 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Rudolf Haller was one of the pioneers of “Austrian philosophy” and analytic philosophy dealing with Bolzano, Brentano, Meinong, and Mach up to Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle, especially Schlick and Neurath. As professor at the University of Graz he fostered this field with his teaching and research and promoted it together with a lot of invited renowned foreign scholars. In addition, he created the influential Grazer Forschungs- und Dokumentationsstelle für Österreichische Philosophie which hosts important philosophical archives. Moreover, he co-founded the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society in Kirchberg/W. in 1976 and supported the Institute Vienna Circle since its establishment in Vienna in 1991. This article is a personal review and remembrance of the author’s pleasing interaction and cooperation with Rudolf Haller, as an appreciation of his extraordinary achievements.
Forum: Religion, Security, and Gender: An Unholy Trinity by Maria Alcidi
Authors: Alcidi Maria , Gribaldo Alessandra , Grande Elisabetta , Rosario Carmeliza 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The paper explores the interplay between religion, security, and gender. By employing a broad analytical security framework ranging from warfare violence against women to violence in the domestic sphere, the paper supports the view that countries with heightened rates of gender inequalities and violence are more insecure and prone to conflict. The paper also questions the role played by religions enforcing hierarchical gender constructs in preserving women’s security and protecting them from gender-based violence. Against this background, the paper maintains that deferring the realisation of women’s security until a comprehensive reform has taken place within the religious precinct must not be an option. Such an approach would signify the capitulation of the egalitarian human rights paradigm. Instead, women’s roles as agents of change within religious institutions should be supported, and the proactive engagement of states to encourage religious institutions to reform and embrace an egalitarian ethos should be promoted. Only in this way will the interplay of religion, security, and gender truly benefit the pursuit of women’s security.
#KeepKidsInnocent: What Twitter Discourse on Drag Queens, Disney, and Dolly Parton Teaches Us about the Intersection of Anti-Queerness with Parenting Politics
Authors: Shenton Jamie E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This essay examines social media discourse related to drag queens, Disney, and Dolly Parton for what it says about how anti-queerness intersects with the present political and cultural obsession with parents’ responsibility to protect their children from “harm.” By analyzing tweets collected from the summer of 2022, I demonstrate the ways in which pedagogy and nostalgia help explain how users evaluate contemporary “threats” to children. Users want to know what children are learning, from whom, and in what context (pedagogy); at the same time, users invoke a reverence for the past (nostalgia) as they try to interpret what they are experiencing in the present. Twitter users’ concerns about children center on “fears” related to gender identity and sexual orientation, for instance, “exposing” children to queerness. This discourse is part of an unsettling trend in which anti-queerness is masquerading as concern for the nation’s children.
Sea Surface Cooling by Rainfall Modulates Earth’s Heat Energy Flow
Authors: Ibrahim Hamed D. , Sun Yunfang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Characterizing the physical processes that modulate the continuous partitioning of heat between the ocean and overlying atmosphere is important for monitoring the subsequent flow of the heat accumulating in the ocean because of anthropogenic climate change. Oceanic rainfall sensible heat flux (Qp), whereby rainwater cools the sea surface, is computed and compared to the sea surface heat energy balance in the 60°N–60°S region. Contrary to popular belief, the results show that Qp is large at both short and long time scales, accounting for up to 22.5% of sea surface net heat flux around the 5.8°N line of latitude, 10.1% in the tropical 20°N–20°S region, and 5.7% in the global 60°N–60°S region. In the mixed layer of these same regions, area-average temperature change owing to a 10-yr accumulated Qp is up to −2.6° and −1.4°C, respectively. Further analysis reveals a previously unspecified rainfall–evaporation negative feedback between successive evaporation–rainfall cycles at the sea surface. The Qp depresses sea surface temperature and thus inhibits evaporation (latent heat flux), which in turn inhibits rainfall owing to decrease in water vapor supply to the atmosphere. The decrease in sea surface temperature also inhibits heat conduction from the ocean to the atmosphere (sensible heat flux). To compensate for the weaker latent and sensible heat fluxes, sea surface upward longwave radiation flux strengthens. We conclude that Qp acts like a modulator of Earth’s heat energy flow by controlling the partition of upper-ocean heat energy and the cycle of heat flow in the ocean and between the ocean and the atmosphere.

Significance Statement
Upper-ocean heat energy is partitioned between the ocean and the overlying atmosphere. Characterizing the physical processes that modulate this continuous partitioning is important for monitoring the subsequent flow of the heat energy accumulating in the ocean because of anthropogenic climate change. Here, we identify sea surface cooling by rainwater (oceanic rainfall sensible heat flux) as a modulator of this partition: this cooling depresses sea surface temperature and thus inhibits evaporation (latent heat flux), which in turn inhibits rainfall owing to the decrease in water vapor supply to the atmosphere; depressing sea surface temperature also inhibits heat conduction from the ocean to the atmosphere (sensible heat flux). To compensate for the weaker latent and sensible heat fluxes, sea surface upward longwave radiation flux strengthens.
Impact of Subtropical ISO Propagation Routes on Summertime Submonthly Wave Patterns and Tropical Cyclone Activity in the Western North Pacific
Authors: Ko Ken-Chung , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Liu Jyun-Hong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study examined the impact of northward- and westward-propagating summertime intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) on submonthly wave patterns and tropical cyclones (TCs) in the subtropical western North Pacific. In the ISO westerly phase, submonthly wave patterns associated with the northward-propagating ISO appeared to be more energetic and most of the corresponding TCs maintained their wind speed for a relatively long period. Perturbation kinetic energy exhibited a stronger maximum in the ISO northward mode than in the westward mode. The analysis of barotropic conversion in the ISO northward mode revealed that an increase in barotropic conversion can be attributed to a strong association between the perturbation zonal wind component and the background flow. Therefore, submonthly wave patterns moving in a direction similar to that of the northward-propagating ISO continuously extracted energy from the background flow to the south of the submonthly base region. However, in the westward mode, the ISO propagating in a direction almost perpendicular to the submonthly wave pattern tracks not only altered the direction of the wave pattern but also created a background environment that was detached from submonthly perturbations. Thus, the background flow transferred less energy to submonthly wave patterns, resulting in shorter TC durations in the ISO westward mode than in the northward mode.

Significance Statement
In this study, we focused on the northward and westward ISO propagation routes in the subtropical western North Pacific to investigate their impact on the submonthly wave pattern and TCs. This is important because the ISO propagating behavior can change the background flow for the submonthly wave pattern. The results showed that the northward ISO tended to enhance the wave pattern through strengthening the background component of the barotropic conversion. TCs associated with submonthly wave patterns tended to maintain their intensity longer in the ISO northward mode. The wave pattern associated with the westward-propagating ISO remained weaker.
Understanding Low Utilization of Employee Assistance Programs and Time Off by US Public Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Moore Jazmyn T. , Wigington Claire , Green Jamilla , Horter Libby , Kone Ahoua , Lopes-Cardozo Barbara , Byrkit Ramona , Rao Carol Y. 
Published: April 2023

Objective: Despite high rates of reported mental health symptoms among public health workers (PHWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilization of employer-offered resources was low. Our objective was to understand what barriers and deterrents exist for PHWs accessing employer-offered resources. Methods: Four national public health organizations disseminated a national online survey of public health department employees during March–April 2021; 26 174 PHWs completed the survey. We examined 5164 write-in survey responses using thematic analysis to identify key reasons why PHWs were not accessing time off and employee assistance programs (EAPs) and to understand what resources PHWs would like to see their employers offer. Results: The top reasons that PHWs reported for not taking time off during the COVID-19 pandemic were financial concerns (24.4%), fear of judgment or retaliation (20.8%), and limitations in the amount of time off offered or available (11.0%). The top reasons that PHWs reported for not using EAPs during the COVID-19 pandemic were difficulty accessing EAPs (53.1%), use of external services (21.5%), and a lack of awareness about EAPs or motivation to initiate their use (11.3%). While desired employer-offered resources varied widely, PHWs most frequently listed financial incentives, paid time off, flexible scheduling, and organizational change. Conclusion: Organizations can best help their employees by organizing the workforce in a way that allows PHWs to take time off, creating a positive and supportive organizational climate, regularly assessing the needs of PHWs, clearly communicating the availability of employer-offered benefits, and emphasizing the acceptability of using those benefits.
Coping strategies, emotion regulation and quality of life among psoriasis patients
Authors: Shaukat Aaisha , Rashid Samina , Sadiq Mahmood 
Published: April 2023

Background This study examined the associations between coping strategies and quality of life in psoriasis patients. Subjects and Methods A total of 150 psoriasis patients (M = 74, F = 76) participated in this study. The Dermatology Life Quality Index, the Coping Style Scale, and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were administered to participants. Main Findings A negative association was found between problem-focused coping and quality of life. Additionally, there was a significant positive relationship between emotion-focused coping and quality of life. The results also revealed that psoriasis patients' ability to regulate their emotions may differ significantly by gender. Conclusion The study's findings suggest that emotion regulation reappraisal moderates the relationship between coping strategies and quality of life among psoriasis patients.
Thrombus volume and Hounsfield unit density as a predictor of pulmonary embolism in patients with deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Yu Min Hyuk , Jung Jae Hyeop , Kim Taeho , Kim Dong Kyu 
Published: April 2023

Background There is a lack of studies evaluating the association between thrombus volume and density of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Purpose To assess the clinical value of thrombus volume and density for prediction of PE in patients with DVT. Material and Methods Among the patients with DVT, those without PE were classified as the “DVT-only group” and those with PE were classified as the “DVT-PE group.” Thrombus volume and Hounsfield unit (HU) density of DVT was measured by drawing free-hand volume of interests within the thrombus. Multivariate regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of thrombus volume and density for PE. Results Of the included 145 patients (mean age=41.7 ± 10.3 years), there were 87 patients in the DVT-only group and 58 patients in the DVT-PE group. The DVT-PE group showed a significantly higher DVT density (67.4 ± 8.6 HU vs. 57.3 ± 10.4 HU; P < 0.001) and larger DVT volume (16.4 ± 13.9 cm3 vs. 12.8 ± 10.1 cm3; P = 0.016) than the DVT-only group. On multivariate analysis, thrombus density was the only associated factor for PE. ROC analysis showed that thrombus density ≥61.8 HU was the optimal cutoff for predicting PE with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.774 and thrombus volume ≥14.0 cm3 was the cutoff with an AUC of 0.638. Conclusion Though the results of our study should be considered within the limitations, DVT density could be a predictor for acute PE. Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical value of quantitative features of DVT including thrombus volume as an imaging biomarker for PE.
Fluoroscopically guided repositioning of peripherally inserted central catheter in patients failing ultrasound-guided-only placement: a retrospective five-year study
Authors: Wang Zi-Xuan , Li Lin , Zhao Yi-Fan 
Published: April 2023

Background Ultrasound (US)-guided-only insertion at the bedside is safe and improves the success rates of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). However, PICC insertion procedures remain challenging for special cases. Purpose To show that fluoroscopically guided tip repositioning, for failed US-guided PICC placement, safely led to satisfactory positioning in difficult cases and, importantly, improved success rates of PICC placements. Material and Methods A retrospective study of 1560 patients who underwent US-guided PICC placement were performed. Patients who failed US-guided PICC placement were transferred to the interventional radiology department for fluoroscopically guided tip repositioning. Baseline characteristics as well as insertion-related factors were collected. All data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results In total, 37 (2.4%) patients who failed US-guided PICC placement accepted fluoroscopically guided adjustment or re-insertion. Of these 37 patients, 32 were enrolled. We observed no significant differences between right and left arm PICC access ( P > 0.05), even though a higher percentage of PICCs were inserted into left arms (56.3%). The basilic vein (65.6%) was the most common insertion site. Only four patients experienced slight angiospasm (3.1%) and venous thrombosis (9.4%). US-guided PICC insertion failures were primarily due to line tip malposition (84.4%). All patients successfully underwent fluoroscopically guided tip repositioning, which resulted in optimal catheter tip positioning. PICC lines were adjusted in most patients (n=28, 87.5%) Conclusion Malposition was the primary issue causing US-guided PICC insertion failure. Fluoroscopically guided tip repositioning safely and efficaciously led to satisfactory positioning in difficult cases; thus, we recommend this method for patients failing US-guided PICC placement.
Automatic non-invasive blood pressure measurement in left ventricular assist device patients with a photoplethysmography assisted device
Authors: Nagy Péter , Sax Balázs , Kozák Anna , Merkely Béla , Osztheimer István , Jobbágy Ákos 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Non-invasive measurement of blood pressure in patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is challenging due to the mechanical properties of these circulatory support devices. Keeping blood pressure in a target range is crucial to reduce the risk of LVAD complications. As current assessment methods require trained personnel resulting in infrequent monitoring, devices for home-based measurements are sorely needed. Objectives: In this paper, we report a measurement method and a custom-made monitoring device based on photoplethysmography (PPG) enabling automated measurement of the mean arterial pressure (MAP) of patients with LVAD. Methods: The method and the device were tested on 21 adult patients with LVAD, and the estimated MAP values were compared to MAP values measured simultaneously by a human expert applying the commonly used Doppler-based method. Results: Results of the proposed method showed highly significant correlation with Doppler-based MAP values ( R = 0.85 for inflation, p < 0.001; R = 0.96 for deflation, p<0.001). The mean difference of the proposed method to the Doppler-based MAP values was 1.48 ± 5.43 mmHg for inflation and −0.19 ± 2.71 mmHg for deflation. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the proposed method is a promising direction to achieve accurate, automated, non-invasive BP measurement, applicable in home health monitoring for patients with LVAD.
The impact of cost on quality of surgical management in non-metastatic extremity sarcoma: A cross-country narrative literature review with a systematic approach
Authors: Kuek Timothy , Schilling Chris G , Choong Peter F 
Published: April 2023

Background: Extremity sarcoma surgery entails significant costs for patients, governments and insurers. Multiple studies have described individual costs, however, the overall impact of cost on the quality of surgical care remains unclear. Objectives: A narrative review with a systematic approach was undertaken to compare the impact of cost on the quality of extremity sarcoma care across low-middle-income and high-income countries. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycInfo, DARE, NHS-EED, HTA. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Inclusion criteria were: discussion of costs and the surgical management of primary extremity sarcoma. There were no restrictions on study design, publication type, date, geographic location or publication status. A data extraction table was used to identify study location, type and findings. Results: 1012 studies were retrieved and 44 met the inclusion criteria. Four additional studies were identified from the reference lists of included articles. 27 studies were published in high-income countries (HIC) including all four full health economic analyses and 20 studies were published in low-middle income countries (LMC). Within LMC, cost impeded access to diagnosis, resection and options for reconstruction. In HIC, cost varied with choice of management, particularly during the long-term postoperative period. Conclusions: Within LMC, cost impaired the provision of quality, curative care for patients with extremity sarcoma. Within HIC, while costs varied with chosen management, they were not prohibitive to the provision of quality care. Further research is required, specific to both socioeconomic contexts, to further describe the long-term cost-utility of different methods for the surgical management of extremity sarcoma.
Immunosuppressive therapy management in cancer patients with autoimmune diseases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case series and systematic literature review
Authors: Wuyts Stephanie C.M. , Cappelle Charlotte A.H. , Verhaert Marthe , Bravenboer Bert , Aspeslagh Sandrine 
Published: April 2023

Introduction Prescribing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to cancer patients with an autoimmune disease (AID) is presumed safe when cautious adverse event management is applied. However, guidelines on immunosuppressant (IS) adaptations are limited and real-world evidence is scarce. Methods Current practice of IS adaptations is described in a case series of AID patients treated with ICIs in a tertiary university hospital in Belgium (1/1/2016–31/12/2021). Patient, drug and disease-related data were documented using retrospective chart review. A systematic search of the PubMed database was performed to identify similar cases (1/1/2010–30/11/2022). Results Sixteen patients were described in the case series (62% with active AID). Systemic IS were changed before ICI initiation in 5/9 patients. Four patients continued therapy, of which one achieved partial remission. Patients who had IS (partially) stopped before ICI start (n = 4) had AID flares in two cases; immune-related adverse events in three cases. In the systematic review, 37 cases were identified in 9 articles. Corticosteroids (n = 12) and non-selective IS (n = 27) were continued in, respectively, 66% and 68% of patients. Methotrexate was frequently discontinued (13/21). Biologicals, excluding tocilizumab and vedolizumab, were withheld during ICI treatment. Out of all patients with flares (n = 15), 47% had stopped IS therapy before ICI start and 53% had continued their AID drugs. Conclusions A detailed overview of IS management in patients with AID receiving ICI therapy is presented. Expanding the knowledge base germane to IS management with ICI therapy in the diverse population is essential to evaluate their mutual impact, thus advancing responsible patient care.