bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Block-sparse recovery and rank minimization using a weighted $l_{p}-l_{q}$ model
Authors: Nigam H. K. , Yadav Saroj 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study a nonconvex, nonsmooth, and non-Lipschitz weighted $l_{p}-l_{q}$

l
p

−

l
q

($0< p\leq 1$
0
<
p
≤
1
, $1< q\leq 2$
1
<
q
≤
2
; $0\leq \alpha \leq 1$
0
≤
α
≤
1
) norm as a nonconvex metric to recover block-sparse signals and rank-minimization problems. Using block-RIP and matrix-RIP conditions, we obtain exact recovery results for block-sparse signals and rank minimization. We also obtain the theoretical bound for the block-sparse signals and rank minimization when measurements are degraded by noise.
Global weak solutions to a nonlinear equation with fourth order nonlinearities
Authors: Tang Jiangang , Liu Miao , Lai Shaoyong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlobal weak solution for a nonlinear model with forth order nonlinearities and conserved quantities is considered. Assuming its initial value satisfies certain assumptions that are weaker than the sign condition, we derive a higher integrability estimate and an upper bound estimate about the space derivatives of its solutions and then prove that the equation has global weak solutions.
The only surviving Medieval codex of Galician-Portuguese secular poetry: tracing history through luxury pink colors
Authors: Vieira Márcia , Nabais Paula , Hidalgo Rafael Javier Díaz , Melo Maria J. , Pozzi Federica 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Ajuda Songbook is an exceptional illuminated manuscript being the only surviving codex of Galician-Portuguese secular poetry; it was produced in the end of the thirteenth century, beginning of the fourteenth century. The diversity of colors accentuated by the presence of lapis lazuli blue and brazilwood pink, demonstrates the desire to produce a sumptuous manuscript. Pink is, in this context, a luxury color and its identification attests to one of the earliest known occurrences of brazilwood in artworks. Scientific analysis showed, for the light pinks, a different formulation from that found in fifteenth-century books of hours and from all historical reconstructions of these colors prepared to date. This knowledge was used to further expand a database previously built in our laboratory and applied to the characterization of pink shades in the Ajuda Songbook. Thirteen brazilwood recipes were selected from seven Medieval treatises and reference materials were prepared based on such historical information. Three types of colors were achieved, defined as translucent rose, rose, and red. The translucent rose was obtained from recipes where egg white is used for extraction, and no other additives are present; rose from recipes with calcium carbonate; and red from a wider range of recipes, in which these ingredients are not mentioned. These colors were then prepared as paints, and analytical results were thus compared with data from the light pinks seen in the Ajuda Songbook’s architectural backgrounds. We were able to reproduce the pink very well using infrared spectroscopy, identifying its main ingredients: calcium carbonate as filler; lead white as the pigment that produces light pink; and the binder as a polysaccharide with a fingerprint similar to mesquite gum. For the chromophore color, the application of chemometrics approaches to molecular fluorescence spectra highlighted a high degree of similarity with the paint reconstructions.
Merging citizen science with epidemiology: design of a prospective feasibility study of health events and air pollution in Cologne, Germany
Authors: Soja Sara-Marie , Wegener Robert , Kille Natalie , Castell Stefanie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Citizen science as an approach to merge society and science is not a new paradigm. Yet it is not common in public health, epidemiology, or medical sciences. SMARAGD (Sensors for Measuring Aerosols and ReActive Gases to Deduce health effects) assesses air pollution at participants’ homes or workplaces in Cologne, Germany, as feasibility study with a citizen science approach. Personal exposure to air pollutants is difficult to study, because the distribution of pollutants is heterogeneous, especially in urban areas. Targeted data collection allows to establish connections between air pollutant concentration and the health of the study population. Air pollution is among the most urgent health risks worldwide. Yet links of individualized pollution levels and respiratory infections remain to be validated, which also applies for the feasibility of the citizen science approach for epidemiological studies.

Methods
We co-designed a prospective feasibility study with two groups of volunteers from Cologne, Germany. These citizen scientists and researchers determined that low-cost air-quality sensors (hereafter low-cost sensors) were to be mounted at participants’ homes/workplaces to acquire stationary data. The advantage of deploying low-cost sensors is the achievable physical proximity to the participants providing health data. Recruitment started in March 2021 and is currently ongoing (as of 09/22). Sensor units specifically developed for this study using commercially available electronic sensor components will measure particulate matter and trace gases such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide. Health data are collected using the eResearch system “Prospective Management and Monitoring-App” (PIA). Due to the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, we also focus on COVID-19 as respiratory infection.

Discussion
Citizen science offers many benefits for science in general but also for epidemiological studies. It provides scientific information to society, enables scientific thinking in critical discourses, can counter anti-scientific ideologies, and takes into account the interests of society. However, it poses many challenges, as it requires extensive resources from researchers and society and can raise concerns regarding data protection and methodological challenges such as selection bias.
Understanding the role of adipokines and adipogenesis family in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Singh Prithvi , Gurung Rishabh , Sultan Armiya , Dohare Ravins 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. It has the sixth most incident cases with poor prognosis. Adipokines are known to have been linked with oncogenesis and progression of HCC.

Methods
We extracted TCGA-HCC data and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using R. Genes of adipokines and adipogenesis family were scrutinized from DEGs and expression of genes in normal versus tumor patients was studied. Prognostic and stage plot analyses were performed, and key genes were selected. Pathway and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was conducted. Expression analysis based on nodal metastasis, tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutation and tumor grade, and mutation analysis was performed using UALCAN and cBioPortal. Tumor infiltration analysis was performed to study the correlation of gene expression with tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Results
We found four genes apelin (APLN), aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (ALDH2), E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic (PCK1) highly associated with HCC. APLN and E2F1 were upregulated and ALDH2 and PCK1 were downregulated in HCC patients. High expression of APLN and E2F1 and low expression of ALDH2 and PCK1 resulted in poor prognosis of HCC patients. In expression analysis, ALDH2 showed significant change in all three categories. PCK1 showed highest mutation of out all $$4$$

4

genes in HCC patients. T cell CD8+ is found to be positively correlated with APLN, ALDH2 and E2F1 and macrophages showed a positive correlation with APLN and E2F1.

Conclusions
ALDH2 and PCK1 are great prognostic biomarkers and play a vital role in the development of HCC. Overexpression of ALDH2 and PCK1 can be a potential treatment strategy for HCC.
Infective endocarditis complicating rituximab in a lupus patient with lupus nephritis and dilated cardiomyopathy: case report and review of literature
Authors: Saad Moustafa Ali , Yacoub Rania Farid , El Gendy Hala Ibrahem 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic multisystem disease that has a considerable morbidity and mortality. Rituximab is used in treating some severe manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus; however, it may expose patients to serious infections. We report a case of post rituximab infective endocarditis as the second case in literature described in patients with SLE.

Case presentation
A 17-year-old male diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis and dilated cardiomyopathy received rituximab and underwent upper endoscopy and colonoscopy investigating iron deficiency anemia. Later on the patient developed septic shock secondary to infective endocarditis and passed away.

Conclusions
Infective endocarditis is a possible complication after rituximab therapy in lupus patients with lupus nephritis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Prophylactic antibiotics may be considered in those patients in the settings of gastrointestinal endoscopies.
ASCO's Leadership Development Program: Focusing on the Next Generation of Leaders in Asia Pacific
Authors: de Guzman Roselle B. , Chua Melvin L.K. , Goldstein David , Aung Soe , Eaton Vanessa , Park Keunchil 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE The demand for high-quality and more comprehensive oncology care will continue to rise globally. Effective leadership is particularly important. METHODS The evolving endeavor of ASCO to reach out globally has covered the development of the next-generation leaders from Asia Pacific. Through the Leadership Development Program, the untapped talent of the region and the future leaders in oncology will gain the knowledge and skill sets, which prepares them to navigate the complex dynamics of oncology health care. RESULTS The region is the largest and the most populous with more than 60% of the world's population. It has 50% of cancer cases and is estimated to account for 58% of cancer deaths worldwide. The demand for high-quality and more comprehensive oncology care will continue to rise in the years to come. This growth will intensify the need for capable leaders. Leadership styles and behaviors are different. These are shaped within the context of cultural and philosophical views and beliefs. The pan-Asian interdisciplinary group of young leaders are expected to gain knowledge and skillsets through the Leadership Development Program. They will learn to work on strategic projects within a team and gain knowledge about advocacy. Communication and presentation skills and conflict management are also important components of the program. Through learning culturally relevant skills, participants can effectively collaborate with others, build relationships, and lead within their own institutions and societies and within ASCO. CONCLUSION Institutions and organizations need to have a deeper and more sustained focus on leadership development. Successfully addressing the challenges on leadership development in Asia Pacific is important.
A phase 2, open-label study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus tislelizumab followed by radiotherapy-based, bladder-preserving treatment for high risk/locally advanced muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer (HOPE-02).
Authors: Wen Feng , Lin Tianhai , Zhang Peng , Tan Ping , Zheng Xiaonan , Shen Yali 
Published: February 2023

516 Background: Tri-modality therapy (TMT) is an alternative to radical cystectomy for selected muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients with bladder-preserving will. Neoadjuvant treatment makes chance for imperfect patients to turn into ideal bladder-sparing patients. This phase 2 study aimed to explore the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus tislelizumab followed by radiotherapy as a strategy of bladder-sparing therapy for high risk/locally advanced MIBC (Trial registration number: ChiCTR2100045213). Methods: Pathological and imaging diagnosed cT2-4bN0-3M0-1a MIBC received 3-4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (gemcitabine and cisplatin or carboplatin) plus tislelizumab (200mg every three weeks for one year). Radiotherapy (60.4-64.4 Gy /1.8Gy/33-35f to bladder with 50.4 Gy/1.8Gy/28f to pelvic) were given to patients with non- progressed disease (PD) after neoadjuvant therapy. The primary endpoint was complete response rate (CR, including T0/Ta/Tis), and the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), bladder-intact disease free survival (BI-DFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity. Results: The simple size is 43 participants. Until now, 28 patients were included, of which 23 patients received radiotherapy and 16 patients finished efficacy evaluation with imaging and cystoscopic biopsy after radiotherapy. Median follow-up time was 14.2 (1.5-17.4) months (m). Two of the 16 patients were Tis and 14 were T0 after radiotherapy, indicating the primary CR rate were 100%. For the 2 patients with Tis received BCG vaccine intravesical perfusion, and T0 was achieved when the second therapy evaluation. No patient died and only one patient had distant metastasis. The one-year PFS rate, one-year BI-DFS and one-year OS were 100%. Grade 3 and 4 hematological system adverse events were 23.3% and 2.3%. One patient had reduced bladder capacity (100-200 mL) with 2-h intervals of micturition, and 3 patients had frequency with urgency, nocturia and dysuria. Three patients had grade1 immunotherapy related abnormality of thyroidal function and 3 patients suffered from grade 2 myositis. The current bladder-preserving therapies research were well-tolerated with acceptable and manageable toxicities. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus tislelizumab followed by radiotherapy showed perfect efficacy and acceptable toxicities, which maybe an optimal strategy for high risk/locally advanced MIBC patients with bladder-preserving willingness. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR2100045213 .
A Reappraisal of Suspicious Sonographic Features of Thyroid Nodules: Shape Is Not an Independent Predictor of Malignancy
Authors: Grani Giorgio , Del Gatto Valeria , Cantisani Vito , Mandel Susan J , Durante Cosimo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Context
For the correct clinical application of the sonographic risk-stratification systems, the definition of independent risk features that are foundational to each system is crucial.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify the gray-scale sonographic features independently associated with malignancy, and to compare different definitions.

Methods
This prospective, diagnostic accuracy study took place in a single thyroid nodule referral center. All patients consecutively referred to our center for fine-needle aspiration cytology of a thyroid nodule between November 1, 2015 and March 30, 2020, were enrolled before cytology. Each nodule was examined by 2 experienced clinicians to record the sonographic features on a rating form. Histologic (when available) or cytologic diagnosis was used as the reference standard. For each single sonographic feature and definition, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic odds ratios (DOR) were calculated. The significant predictors were then included in a multivariable regression model.

Results
The final study cohort consisted of 903 nodules in 852 patients. A total of 76 nodules (8.4%) were malignant. Six features were independent predictors of malignancy: suspicious lymph node (DOR 16.23), extrathyroidal extension (DOR 6.60), irregular or infiltrative margins (DOR 7.13), marked hypoechogenicity (DOR 3.16), solid composition (DOR 3.61), and punctate hyperechoic foci (including microcalcifications and indeterminate foci; DOI 2.69). Taller-than-wide shape was not confirmed as an independent predictor.

Conclusion
We identified the key suspicious features of thyroid nodules and provided a simplified definition of some debated ones. Malignancy rate increases with number of features.
Making Love (and Maps), Not War
Authors: Willis Kedon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe 1918 anti-Chinese riots, which saw scores of Chinese-owned stores destroyed by largely Afro-descended peasant community members, are popularly remembered as one of the worst acts of interracial violence in Jamaica's postemancipation history. However, by examining the coverage of the riots by the Gleaner, Jamaica's newspaper of record, the author embarks on a mapping project to help show the network of nonconforming and anticolonial collaborations within these communities that existed in tandem with interracial tensions. The aim is to show how recapturing these productive collaborations from the past can animate intersectional forms of activism in the present. Furthermore, the article explores how Patricia Powell, as a queer Caribbean writer, uses her novel The Pagoda to perform the same work as the map in creating a counterhistory that gives voice to the anticolonial, nation-building strategies of subaltern groups lost in the gaps of official colonial archives.
Intergenerational Solidarity Revisited: Migrant Families in the Dilemma of Providing Family or Elderly Care in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic and its Challenges
Authors: Ślusarczyk Magdalena 
Published: February 2023

The assumption that people live in one place with their lives guided by a singular set of national and cultural norms no longer holds true. The same applies for migrating due to various reasons with the aim of finding a better place to live. Instead, contemporary transnational migrants are accustomed to operating in several contexts of employment, leisure and political interests that extend beyond national borders. Yet, state borders still cut through the very core of the family life, forcing migrants to take difficult decisions about leaving, separation or arranging care of children and elderly, but also creating a certain degree of choice between two or more socio-political social and cultural contexts. Events of recent years have shaken established beliefs about the potential of transnational care networks. As the experience of the Covid-19 pandemic has shown, what once seemed to be enduring rules can be suspended for long periods of time.
For Poland, one of the countries affected by intense mobility to and from the country, discussions about the effects of migration on care networks are of paramount importance. As a direct consequence of mobility, the expectations and obligations that migrants (especially women) have towards the family they leave behind may change, shift or even remain unrestricted in spite of living abroad. Yet, establishing family care strategies for elderly family members in ageing societies is also based on the assumption of availability of migrant labour. Drawing on two sets of data, this article asks how intergenerational obligations were negotiated during the Covid-19 pandemic and whether the associated long-term restrictions on crossing national borders caused changes in patterns of care provision.
* This article belongs to a special issue on “Demographic Developments in Eastern and Western Europe Before and After the Transformation of Socialist Countries”.
Gummy smile - causes and modern treatment methods
Authors: Blicharz Monika , Blicharz Agnieszka , Bartosik-Zielińska Diana , Swatko Tomasz , Bartosik Magdalena 
Published: February 2023

Introduction and purpose: Nowadays, patients come to doctors and dentists not only with pain complaints, but also to improve their appearance. Gummy smile, or overexposure of the gums when smiling, is one of the most common aesthetic problems they report. Gummy smile occurs primarily in young people and more often affects women.
Brief description of the state of knowledge: A gummy smile is a condition in which a patient exposes more than 2 mm of gum during smiling. There are many causes of excessive gum exposure during smiling. These include gingival hypertrophy, hyperactive muscles, a disproportionately long upper lip, altered passive eruption, or excessive vertical growth of the jaw. Examination of the patient is aimed at determining the cause of the condition and choosing the appropriate treatment method. In cases of gingival hyperplasia and altered passive eruption, a gingivectomy or excision of part of the gingiva is used. Muscle hyperactivity is an indication for treatment with botulinum toxin or hyaluronic acid. The long lip can be treated with surgical methods, while vertical hypertrophy of the jaw requires orthodontic treatment or orthognathic surgery. Depending on the treatment method chosen, the patient's appearance can change to varying degrees. The most striking changes are seen when orthognathic surgery is performed. Not only the patient's smile is changed, but also the facial features.
Summary: It is the doctor's job to thoroughly examine the patient, make an appropriate diagnosis and choose the treatment method that will bring the best results. The multitude of treatment methods for gummy smiles allows them to be combined to achieve the best results. The choice of therapy should be based directly on the source of the problem. The patient should be informed about the course of treatment and possible side effects and take informed consent to the treatment.
The Simulation of Combustion Characteristics from Diesel Fuel and Biodiesel in Different Engine Rotation
Authors: Bhikuning Annisa , Irhashi Zidni Rizki , Aldebaran Daniel 
Published: February 2023

The combustion characteristics of fuel are important to understand. Diesel engines can ruin by using fuel from diesel and biodiesel. The characteristics between biodiesel and diesel fuel are different. Diesel fuel has low viscosity, high volatility, low density, and cetane number is around 48. However, biodiesel has high density, low volatile, high viscosity and has higher cetane number than diesel fuel. Using biodiesel can reduce the particulate matter from the engine. This happened because biodiesel has high oxygen content and can reduce emissions. These are some advantages of using biodiesel in diesel engines. In this research, the simulation of the combustion characteristics were investigated by diesel-rk simulation. The fuels are diesel fuel and biodiesel made from soybean methyl ester (SME). In this simulation, pure diesel fuel (DF), SME100, SME20 (20%SME blends to 80%DF) and SME40 (40%SME blends to 60%DF) are investigated. The combustion was set up with 1500, 1800, and 2000 rpm. The results show that in all engine rotations, DF has higher Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) than SME. Moreover, the NO2 emission from DF is lower than SME. However, the particulate matter in SME40 can reduce up to 16.1% compared to DF. Moreover, the higher the engine rotates, the emissions from NO2 and PM from SME20, SME40, and DF can be reduced. It can be confirmed that the higher rotation in the engine can decrease the emissions in the engine. In addition, biodiesel can be replaced with diesel fuel and it is environmentally friendly.
Piezo Stepping and Fine Positioning Control for Optical Instruments and Processes
Authors: Gee Anthony E. 
Published: February 2023

Where an optical component is to be automatically positioned either during fabrication or in a working instrument, an active optical-mechanical interface is required. For direct electro-mechanical displacement control to within sub-micron accuracy, piezo-electric actuators may be utilised and their range extended by 'microstepping' action.
An arrangement is described in which piezo-electric actuator elements are employed for step generation and for fine automatic feedback control between steps. Prior to each step the residual error correction in the fine control element is transferred to the stepper element thereby accommodating cumulative corrections of errors of run.