bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cyclic Phosphonium Ion with an Asymmetrically Substituted Selenide‐Stabilized Silicon Center: Synthesis, Structure, and Substituent Effects
Authors: Fontana Nicolò , Bauer Jonathan O. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA new heterocyclic four‐membered CPSeSi cation was synthesized in its racemic form by B(C6F5)3‐mediated ring‐closing reaction starting from the hydrosilane precursor. The cation has an asymmetrically substituted silicon center, which is stabilized by a selenium–silicon bond. The phosphonium hydroborate and its precursor were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and NMR spectroscopy. 77Se, 31P, and 29Si NMR spectroscopic parameters proved to be sensitive probes for determining small electronic changes around the silylium‐type center. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the ring‐opening energy of the selenium‐based cation gave insight into the stability of the Se–Si bond and revealed a stronger intramolecular stabilization of the silicon atom compared to a coordinating phosphane sulfide function. For the first time, the influence of a C6F5 group at the silicon atom of these type of cations was also investigated, showing a slightly increased stabilization of the Se–Si linkage in the cyclic selenium‐based cation.
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of 4‐Methoxyphenyl‐ N‐phenylhydrazine‐1‐carbothioamide isomers and 2,2’‐(1,2,4,5‐tetrazine‐3,6‐diyl) bis (N‐phenylhydrazine‐1‐carbothioamide)
Authors: Gettings Matthew L. , Zeller Matthias , Piercey Davin G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of several semithiocarbazides, relevant as a precursor material for the synthesis of the tetrazole azasydnone, a potential energetic material, was explored. In this work, the treatment of 4‐methoxy phenylhydrazine hydrochloride with phenyl isothiocyanate results in 2‐ and 1‐ isomers of (4‐methoxyphenyl)‐N‐phenylhydrazine‐1‐carbothioamide. Similar treatment of 3,6,–dihydrazino‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded 2,2’‐(1,2,4,5‐tetrazine‐3,6‐diyl) bis (N‐phenylhydrazine‐1‐carbothioamide). Crystallographic information for all novel compounds was obtained via single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
PtMo‐Au Metalloenzymes Regulated Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Sonodynamic/Chemodynamic/Starvation Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Wang Chenxi , Wei Qinglin , Su Yan , Qu Xinyu , Wang Wenjun , Song Xuejiao , Dong Xiaochen , Cai Yu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe clinical application of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is greatly limited by the low quantum yield of sonosensitizers and tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, PtMo‐Au metalloenzyme sonosensitizer is synthesized by modulating energy band structure of PtMo with Au nanoparticles. The surface deposition of Au simultaneously solves the carrier recombination and facilitates the separation of electrons (e−) and holes (h+), effectively improving the reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantum yield under ultrasound (US). The catalase‐like activity of PtMo‐Au metalloenzymes alleviates hypoxia TME, thus enhancing the SDT‐induced ROS generation. More importantly, tumor overexpressed glutathione (GSH) can serve as the hole scavenger, which is accompanied by a persistent depletion of the GSH, thus inactivating GPX4 for the accumulation of lipid peroxides. The distinctly facilitated SDT‐induced ROS production is coupled with chemodynamic therapy (CDT)‐induced hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to exacerbate ferroptosis. Furthermore, Au with glucose oxidase mimic activity can not only inhibit intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and induce tumor cell starvation but also generate H2O2 to facilitate CDT. In general, this PtMo‐Au metalloenzyme sonosensitizer optimizes the defects of conventional sonosensitizers through surface deposition of Au to regulate TME, providing a novel perspective for US‐based tumor multimodal therapy.
Adult branchiosaurid temnospondyls: the life cycle of Xerodromeus gracilis
Authors: Schoch Rainer R. , Werneburg Ralf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Branchiosauridae form a clade of tiny newt‐like, extinct amphibians of overall larval appearance. Although their status as neotenic (perennibranchiate) forms had long been universally accepted, adult specimens are known from only one taxon that was hitherto referred to as Melanerpeton (Apateon) gracile. Here we study this life cycle in depth, which includes the only well‐documented metamorphosis‐like transformation in an early tetrapod outside Lissamphibia. Based on various newly recognized features, Melanerpeton gracile is attributed to a new genus, Xerodromeus. Xerodromeus gracilis is characterized by a short postorbital skull table, wide supratemporal, quadrate condyles well posterior to the occipital ones, ossified endocranial elements, carpals, coracoid and pelvis as well as wedge‐shaped intercentra and cylindrical pleurocentra, of which the latter are identified for the first time in branchiosaurids. The studied size classes are referred to four phases: (A) integration of jaw and cheek, longer snout; (B) stronger teeth, robust limbs, incipient ossification of exoccipital, coracoid and pelvis, change in dermal ornament; (C) larger gape, wider skull, polygonal ornament; and (D) quadrate, coracoid, carpals and vertebral centra ossified, during which a probably terrestrial adult morph developed. Adult X. gracilis is more massively built than amphibamids, and its non‐pedicellate dentition indicates that it was probably feeding on different prey.
Artificial DNA in hydrology
Authors: Foppen Jan Willem 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of artificial DNA (artDNA) in hydrological applications is becoming increasingly popular, either in dissolved form (dissolved artDNA) or encapsulated and protected by a layer (encDNA). DNA can be detected even at low concentrations and offers the ability to create numerous uniquely identifiable DNA labels, making it ideal for a wide range of multi‐tracer applications. A literature review revealed that in streams, the breakthrough curve of artDNA is visually similar to that of a conservative tracer in terms of time to rise, time to peak, and dispersion coefficient. In saturated porous or fractured media, the time of first arrivals and time to peak of artDNA are usually earlier than that of a conservative tracer, indicating size exclusion of both dissolved artDNA and encDNA. Transport in subsurface media can be described by one‐site or two‐site kinetic attachment. The recovery of artDNA in environmental systems is always less than 100% due to adsorption and decay. Although the processes responsible for both are known, yet they cannot be quantified or predicted in mass balance approaches. Despite these limitations, artDNA can be used in various hydrological applications in environmental studies and engineering. Finally, attention should focus on the use of rapid detection of DNA tracers in the field, on upscaling of DNA production, and on increasing the efficiency of the DNA encapsulation process.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water Quality
Science of Water > Methods
Diskussion der Ergebnisse – Schulleiter/-innen zwischen Legitimitätsansprüchen und Transformationsstreben
Authors: Jesacher-Rößler Livia 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von der Annahme, dass schulische Umwelten aus institutionalisierten Erwartungsstrukturen bestehen, die Einfluss auf die Ausgestaltung und Abläufe von Entwicklungsprozessen innerhalb schulischer Organisationen nehmen (vgl. Walgebach & Meyer 2008, S. 11), wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit das Antwortgeschehen von Schulleiter/-innen auf institutionelle Ansprüche untersucht. Besonders sichtbar wird ein solches Antwortgeschehen, wenn neue Erwartungen aus der institutionalisierten Umwelt an die schulischen Organisationen herangetragen werden, beispielsweise im Zuge von Reformen. Von diesen Grundprämissen ausgehend, werden nachfolgend zentrale Ergebnisse der Studie unter Rückbindung an neo-institutionalistische Zugänge sowie im Kontext von Schulentwicklungs- und Schulleitungsforschung diskutiert.
A comparison of four liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry platforms for the analysis of zeranols in urine
Authors: Lazofsky Abigail , Brinker Anita , Rivera-Núñez Zorimar , Buckley Brian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTargeted biomonitoring studies quantifying the concentration of zeranols in biological matrices have focused on liquid chromatography interfaced to mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The MS platform for measurement, quadrupole, time-of-flight (ToF), ion trap, etc., is often chosen based on either sensitivity or selectivity. An instrument performance comparison of the benefits and limitations using matrix-matched standards containing 6 zeranols on 4 MS instruments, 2 low-resolution (linear ion traps), and 2 high-resolution (Orbitrap and ToF) was undertaken to identify the best measurement platform for multiple biomonitoring projects characterizing the endocrine disruptive properties of zeranols. Analytical figures of merit were calculated for each analyte to compare instrument performance across platforms. The calibration curves had correlation coefficients r = 0.989 ± 0.012 for all analytes and LODs and LOQs were ranked for sensitivity: Orbitrap > LTQ > LTQXL > G1 (V mode) > G1 (W mode). The Orbitrap had the smallest measured variation (lowest %CV), while the G1 had the highest. Instrumental selectivity was calculated using full width at half maximum (FWHM) and as expected, the low-resolution instruments had the broadest spectrometric peaks, concealing coeluting peaks under the same mass window as the analyte. Multiple peaks from concomitant ions, unresolved at low resolution (within a unit mass window), were present but did not match the exact mass predicted for the analyte. For example, the high-resolution platforms were able to differentiate between a concomitant peak at 319.1915 from the analyte at 319.1551, included in low-resolution quantitative analyses demonstrating the need to consider coeluting interfering ions in biomonitoring studies. Finally, a validated method using the Orbitrap was applied to human urine samples from a pilot cohort study.
“In Vitro” Evaluation of Energy‐Based Sealing of Graft Side Branches in Bypass Surgery
Authors: Miralles Manuel , Falcón Moisés , Requejo Lucía , Plana Emma , Medina Pilar , Sánchez‐Nevárez Ignacio , Clará Albert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionOur objective was to compare the in vitro efficacy of electrothermal bipolar [EB] vessel sealing and ultrasonic harmonic scalpel [HS] versus mechanical interruption, with conventional ties or surgical clips (SC), in sealing saphenous vein (SV) collaterals, during its eventual preparation for bypass surgery.MethodsExperimental in vitro study on 30 segments of SV. Each fragment included two collaterals at least 2 mm in diameter. One of them was sealed by ligation with 3/0 silk ties (control) and the other one with EB (n = 10), HS (n = 10) or medium‐6 mm SC (n = 10). After incorporation in a closed circuit with pulsatile flow, the pressure was progressively increased until causing rupture. Collateral diameter, burst pressure, leak point, and histological study were recorded.ResultsBurst pressure was higher for SC (1320.20 ± 373.847 mmHg) as compared with EB (942.2 ± 344.9 mmHg, p = 0.065), and especially with HS (637.00 ± 320.61 mmHg, p = 0.0001). No statistically significant difference between EB and HS was found, and bursting always happened at supraphysiological pressures. The leak point for HS was always detected in the sealing zone (10/10), while for EB and SC, it occurred in the sealing zone only in 6/10(60%) and 4/10(40%), respectively (p = 0.015).ConclusionsEnergy delivery devices showed similar efficacy and safety in sealing of SV side branches. Although bursting pressure was lower than with tie ligature or SC, non‐inferiority efficacy was shown at the range of physiological pressures in both, EB and HS. Due to their speed and easy handling, they may be useful in the preparation of the venous graft during revascularization surgery. However, remaining questions about healing process, potential spread of tissue damage and sealing durability, will require further analysis.
Survey and systematization of 3D object detection models and methods
Authors: Drobnitzky Moritz , Friederich Jonas , Egger Bernhard , Zschech Patrick 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStrong demand for autonomous vehicles and the wide availability of 3D sensors are continuously fueling the proposal of novel methods for 3D object detection. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of recent developments from 2012–2021 in 3D object detection covering the full pipeline from input data, over data representation and feature extraction to the actual detection modules. We introduce fundamental concepts, focus on a broad range of different approaches that have emerged over the past decade, and propose a systematization that provides a practical framework for comparing these approaches with the goal of guiding future development, evaluation, and application activities. Specifically, our survey and systematization of 3D object detection models and methods can help researchers and practitioners to get a quick overview of the field by decomposing 3DOD solutions into more manageable pieces.
Acute effects of static balance exercise combined with different levels of blood flow restriction on motor performance fatigue as well as physiological and perceptual responses in young healthy males and females
Authors: Bielitzki Robert , Behrendt Tom , Weinreich Andy , Mittlmeier Thomas , Schega Lutz , Behrens Martin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the acute effects of a static balance exercise combined with different blood flow restriction (BFR) pressures on motor performance fatigue development and recovery as well as physiological and perceptual responses during exercise in males and females.

Methods
Twenty-four recreational active males (n = 13) and females (n = 11) performed static balance exercise on a BOSU ball (3 sets of 60 s with 30 s rest in-between) on three separate (> 3 days) laboratory visits with three different BFR pressures (80% arterial occlusion pressure [AOP], 40%AOP, 30 mmHg [SHAM]) in random order. During exercise, activity of various leg muscles, vastus lateralis muscle oxygenation, and ratings of effort and pain perception were recorded. Maximal squat jump height was measured before, immediately after, 1, 2, 4, and 8 min after exercise to quantify motor performance fatigue development and recovery.

Results
Quadriceps muscle activity as well as ratings of effort and pain were highest, while muscle oxygenation was lowest in the 80%AOP compared to the 40%AOP and SHAM condition, with no differences in postural sway between conditions. Squat jump height declined after exercise with the highest reduction in the 80%AOP (− 16.4 ± 5.2%) followed by the 40%AOP (− 9.1 ± 3.2%), and SHAM condition (− 5.4 ± 3.3%). Motor performance fatigue was not different after 1 min and 2 min of recovery in 40% AOP and 80% AOP compared to SHAM, respectively.

Conclusion
Static balance exercise combined with a high BFR pressure induced the largest changes in physiological and perceptual responses, without affecting balance performance. Although motor performance fatigue was increased by BFR, it may not lead to long-term impairments in maximal performance.
A practical nomogram and risk stratification system for predicting survival outcomes in neuroblastoma patients: a SEER population-based study
Authors: Zhuo Xiaoyu , Xia Liangfeng , Tang Wenjing , He Wenqi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood malignancy with marked heterogeneity, resulting in highly variable outcomes among patients. This study aims to establish a novel nomogram and risk stratification system to predict the overall survival (OS) for patients with NB.

Methods
We analyzed neuroblastoma patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2015. The nomogram was constructed using independent risk factors for OS, identified through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The accuracy of this nomogram was evaluated with the concordance index, receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. In addition, we developed a risk stratification system based on the total score of each patient in the nomogram.

Results
A total of 2185 patients were randomly assigned to the training group and the testing group. Six risk factors, including age, chemotherapy, brain metastases, primary site, tumor stage, and tumor size, were identified in the training group. Using these factors, a nomogram was constructed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS of NB patients. This model exhibited superior accuracy in the training and testing groups, exceeding traditional tumor stage prediction. Subgroup analysis suggested worse prognosis for retroperitoneal origin in the intermediate-risk group and adrenal gland origin in the high-risk group compared to other sites. Additionally, the prognosis for high-risk patients significantly improved after surgery. We also developed a web application to make the nomogram more user-friendly in clinical practices.

Conclusion
This nomogram demonstrates excellent accuracy and reliability, offering more precise personalized prognostic predictions to clinical patients.
Cubic Sublattices
Authors: Horváth Márton 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA sublattice of the three-dimensional integer lattice $${\mathbb {Z}}^3$$

Z

3

is called cubic sublattice if there exists a basis of the sublattice whose elements are pairwise orthogonal and of equal lengths. We show that for an integer vector $${\textbf{v}}\in {\mathbb {Z}}^3$$

v
∈

Z

3

whose squared length is divisible by $$d^2$$

d
2

, there exists a cubic sublattice containing $${\textbf{v}}$$
v
with edge length d. This improves one of the main result of a paper of Goswick et al. (J. Number Theory 132(1), 37–53 (2012)), where similar theorem was proved by using the decomposition theory of Hurwitz integral quaternions. We give an elementary proof heavily using cross product. This method allows us to characterize the cubic sublattices.
Comparative analysis of 5-year efficacy and outcomes of single anastomosis procedures as revisional surgery for weight regain following sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Salama Asaad F. , Baazaoui Jawher , Shahid Fakhar , Singh Rajvir , Torres Antonio J. , Bashah Moataz M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
It is imperative to assess the results of revisional procedures following Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG), given the substantially growing population of patients who experience weight regain within a few years after undergoing this procedure.

Objective
Examine the comparative effectiveness of the Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass (SADI-S) and the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB-MGB) as revisional procedures, with respect to their impact on weight loss, resolution of comorbidities, incidence of complications, and rates of reoperation in patients who had weight regain after SG with up to or more than 5 years of follow-up.

Setting
Hamad General Hospital, Academic tertiary referral center, Qatar.

Methods
This study retrospectively analyzed a database of patients who underwent the Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Switch (SADI-S) or the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass - Mini Gastric Bypass- (OAGB-MGB) as revisional procedures for weight recidivism after a primary Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG). The follow-up period was at least 5 years, during which the impact of both procedures on weight loss, comorbidities, nutritional deficiencies, complications, and outcomes were compared.

Results
The study comprised 91 patients, with 42 and 49 in the SADI-S and OAGB-MGB groups, respectively. Significant weight loss (measured by total weight loss percentage, TWL%) was observed at the 5-year follow-up for the SADI-S group compared to the OAGB-MGB group (30.0 ± 18.4 vs. 19.4 ± 16.3, p = 0.008). Remission of comorbidities, specifically diabetes mellitus and hypertension, was more prevalent in the SADI-S group. Notably, the OAGB-MGB group had a higher incidence of complications (28.6% vs. 21.42%) and reoperations (5 patients vs. 1 in the SADI-S group). No mortality events were reported in either group.

Conclusion
While both the OAGB-MGB and SADI-S have demonstrated efficacy as revisional procedures for weight regain following SG, the SADI-S exhibits superior outcomes compared to the OAGB-MGB with regard to weight loss, resolution of comorbidities, complication rates, and reoperation rates.
Combined use of stannous fluoride-containing mouth rinse and toothpaste prevents enamel erosion in vitro
Authors: Jiemkim Apichaya , Tharapiwattananon Thipawan , Songsiripradubboon Siriporn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the protective effect of commercial stannous-containing mouth rinses on enamel erosion in a simulated 5-day in vitro cycling model.Materials and methods81 human enamel specimens were embedded in resin blocks and divided into nine groups as follows; group 1: stannous fluoride (1000SnF2) toothpaste; groups 2,3, and 4 were the same as group 1 plus Elmex®, PerioMed™, and Meridol®, respectively, group 5: stannous fluoride (1450SnF2) toothpaste, groups 6, 7, and 8 were the same as group 5 plus Elmex®, PerioMed™, and Meridol®, respectively, group 9: negative control. An erosive challenge was induced with a 1 min hydrochloric acid (0.01 M, pH 2.2) treatment 3 times per day. Each cycle included immersing in the toothpaste slurry twice for two minutes and a one-minute rinse. The enamel slabs were immersed in artificial saliva between each erosive cycle and incubated overnight at 37 °C. Surface hardness loss and enamel loss were determined by Knoop surface hardness and non-contact profilometry, respectively. Finally, enamel surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS).ResultsAll three mouth rinses had similar protective effects against erosion when using adjunct with 1000 SnF2toothpaste (p > 0.05). With 1450 SnF2toothpaste, Elmex® presented significantly lower surface hardness loss than Meridol® (p < 0.05). The combined use of Elmex® or PerioMed™ with toothpaste provided significantly better erosion protection than toothpaste alone, either 1000 or 1450 SnF2. In addition, 1000SnF2toothpaste adjunct with mouth rinse is comparable to 1450 SnF2toothpaste alone in preventing enamel erosion.ConclusionAll three mouth rinses reduced enamel erosion. The additional use of a high concentration stannous containing mouth rinse with 1450 SnF2toothpaste increases the protective effect against enamel erosion in vitro.Clinical significanceTo date, no standard protocol for preventing dental erosion is available. There are three stannous-containing mouth rinses on the market; however, no study compared their efficacy or indicated whether using adjuncts with anti-erosion toothpaste provides additional benefits. This study found that adding stannous mouth rinse to twice-daily toothpaste increases erosion protection.