bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Depletion of the Red Supergiant Envelope Radiative Zone During Common Envelope Evolution
Authors: Cohen Tamar , Soker Noam 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We conduct one-dimensional stellar evolution simulations of red supergiant (RSG) stars that mimic common envelope evolution (CEE) and find that the inner boundary of the envelope convective zone moves into the initial envelope radiative zone. The envelope convection practically disappears only when the RSG radius decreases by about an order of magnitude or more. The implication is that one cannot split the CEE into one stage during which the companion spirals-in inside the envelope convective zone and removes it, and a second slower phase when the companion orbits the initial envelope radiative zone and a stable mass transfer takes place. At best, this might take place when the orbital separation is about several solar radii. However, by that time other processes become important. We conclude that as of yet, the commonly used alpha-formalism that is based on energy considerations is the best phenomenological formalism.
Map Reconstruction of Radio Observations with Conditional Invertible Neural Networks
Authors: Zhang Haolin , Zuo Shifan , Zhang Le 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In radio astronomy, the challenge of reconstructing a sky map from time ordered data is known as an inverse problem. Standard map-making techniques and gridding algorithms are commonly employed to address this problem, each offering its own benefits such as producing minimum-variance maps. However, these approaches also carry limitations such as computational inefficiency and numerical instability in map-making and the inability to remove beam effects in grid-based methods. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes a novel solution through the use of the conditional invertible neural network (cINN) for efficient sky map reconstruction. With the aid of forward modeling, where the simulated time-ordered data (TODs) are generated from a given sky model with a specific observation, the trained neural network can produce accurate reconstructed sky maps. Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope as an example, cINN demonstrates remarkable performance in map reconstruction from simulated TODs, achieving a mean squared error of 2.29 ± 2.14 × 10−4 K2, a structural similarity index of 0.968 ± 0.002, and a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 26.13 ± 5.22 at the 1σ level. Furthermore, by sampling in the latent space of cINN, the reconstruction errors for each pixel can be accurately quantified.
Pinning control of social fairness in the ultimatum game
Authors: Zheng Guozhong , Zhang Jiqiang , Ding Zhenwei , Ma Lin , Chen Li 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Decent social fairness is highly desired both for socio-economic activities and individuals, as it is one of the cornerstones of our social welfare and sustainability. How to effectively promote the level of fairness thus becomes a significant issue to be addressed. Here, by adopting a pinning control procedure, we find that when a very small fraction of individuals are pinned to be fair players in the ultimatum game, the whole population unexpectedly evolves into the full fairness level. The basic observations are quite robust in homogeneous networks, but the converging time as a function of the pinning number shows different laws for different underlying topologies. For heterogeneous networks, this leverage effect is even more pronounced that one hub node is sufficient for the aim, and a periodic on-off control procedure can be applied to further save the control cost. Intermittent failures are seen when the pinning control is marginally strong, our statistical analysis indicates some sort of criticality. Our work suggests that the pinning control procedure could potentially be a good strategy to promote the social fairness for some real scenarios when necessary.
Missing nitrogen source during ecosystem succession within retrogressive thaw slumps in Alaska
Authors: Buckeridge Kate M , McLaren Jennie R , Mack Michelle C , Schuur Edward A G , Schimel Joshua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS)—thermal erosion of soil and vegetation after ground ice thaw—are increasing. Recovery of plant biomass after RTS is important for maintaining Arctic carbon (C) stocks and is regulated by nutrient availability for new plant growth. Many RTS are characterized by verdant shrub growth mid-succession, atypical of the surrounding nutrient-limited tundra. Here, we investigated the potential for internal and external sources of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to support mid-successional shrub growth at three Alaskan RTS chronosequences. We assessed patterns of soil and microbial CNP, soil NP cycling rates and stocks, N inputs via biological N2-fixation, and thaw leachate over time after disturbance. We found a clear transfer of P stocks from mineral to organic soils with increasing site age, yet insufficient N from any one source to support observed shrub growth. Instead, multiple mechanisms may have contributed to mid-successional shrub growth, including sustained N-cycling with reduced plant biomass, N leaching from undisturbed tundra, uninvestigated sources of N2-fixation, and most promising given the large resource, deep mineral soil N stocks. These potential mechanisms of N supply are critical for the regulation of the Arctic C cycle in response to an increasingly common climate-driven disturbance.
Surface hazards in North-west Europe following sudden stratospheric warming events
Authors: Hall Richard J , Mitchell Dann M , Seviour William J M , Wright Corwin J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) have been linked to surface temperature anomalies, but how these connect to changes in the likelihood of specific weather extremes and their associated weather patterns remains uncertain. While, on average, it is true that cold surface temperatures follow SSW events, particularly in Northern Europe, there is considerable event-to-event variability. Over the British Isles and Central Europe, only around 45% of SSWs are followed by a colder than average period and a negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, cautioning against an over-generalised approach to surface anomalies associated with SSWs. Focussing on more hazardous weather, which in winter is associated with cold extremes, we use reanalysis data to consider how SSWs impact temperature-related hazards; namely the frequency of snowy days, frost days and spells of extreme cold weather in 12 major European cities. In general, SSWs are associated with an increased risk of snow across most of western Europe, and that this is particularly significant in milder, more maritime locations such as London where in reanalysis, snowfall days are 40% more likely after an SSW. However, there is considerable variation in surface temperature anomalies between SSW events; the third of SSWs with the warmest surface anomalies are statistically more likely to have a decreased risk of snow, frost and persistent cold spells compared with non-SSW time periods. These warmer events are associated with a different temperature anomaly pattern, which is consistent in both reanalysis data and large ensemble CMIP6 models. We further show that these warm surface temperature anomaly SSWs are becoming more frequent, a trend which is consistent with background global warming. The varied surface anomalies associated with SSWs highlights the need to study their impacts in a probabilistic sense, and motivates further work to enable better prediction of the impacts of a given event.
Tribological behaviour of multi-shape photochemical textured surfaces
Authors: Basir Amirah , Liza Shahira , Fukuda Kanao , Mat Tahir Noor Ayuma 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of multi-shape photochemical textured (PCT) steel surfaces on tribological performance. The textured surface with specific arrangement was fabricated by photochemical texturing, a common technique implemented in the microelectronic mechanical systems (MEMS) industry. It involves photolithography and chemical etching processes. The multi-shape studied were circle with line (CL) and circle with wavy (CW). Fabricated samples’ surfaces were characterized by using a 3D optical profiler to check the produced texture’s dimension. The effect of six different etching times on the texture’s dimension was observed. Then, only two sizes of both multi-shape textures were considered for tribological characterization. It was conducted by using ball-on-disk tribo-tester under lubricated conditions. The results obtained are compared with the reference untextured (UT) surface. From the results, it is found that appropriate size and shape of texture could lead to good friction reduction and anti-wear behaviour. The smaller size, size A, of CL multi-shape presented a lower friction coefficient compared to size B. However, different size of CW multi-shape has no effect on the friction behaviour. This is believed due to higher area density of CW compared to CL resulting in detrimental effect on friction for both CW’s size. Additionally, CL(size A) textured surface shows improved tribological behaviour compared to UT surface as lower friction coefficient and better wear resistance is obtained. This is maybe due to effective lubricating layer formation, good debris trapping effect and lower contact stress of the CL(size A) textured surface. These beneficial effects were achieved under lubricating condition through an increase in applied load.
Sustainable woodfuel systems: a theory of change for sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Njenga Mary , Sears Robin R , Mendum Ruth 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Charcoal and firewood, together comprising woodfuel, are key in the cooking energy mix in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Charcoal is made by burning wood under controlled oxygen to arrive at a product high in carbon. Firewood is wood burned directly to provide energy. Wood energy, which is gaining in popularity as a sustainable fuel in developed countries, is characterized as a driver of land degradation on the African continent. Instead of wishing for the demise of woodfuel due to its associated negative health and environmental impacts, a systems thinking approach argues that improving technologies and efficiency in wood production, charcoal and firewood processing, transport and trade, and utilization in a circular bioenergy economy meets a range of needs while conserving the environment. This article outlines a sustainable woodfuel theory of change (ToC) that describes how woodfuel can be made sustainable rather than being dismissed as a transitional fuel on its way out. The ToC is based on the knowledge that no energy system is without flaws and that technologies exist for real quantifiable improvements in woodfuel systems while filling the energy-poverty gap. A bold rational decision must be made in rethinking woodfuel in SSA, as failure to advance woodfuel technologies undermines global efforts directed towards land restoration and climate change mitigation. We recommend that an improved and sustainable woodfuel system should be considered as an acceptable modern energy source under SDG 7.
Prediction model and demonstration of regional agricultural carbon emissions based on PCA-GS-KNN: a case study of Zhejiang province, China
Authors: Qi Yanwei , Liu Huailiang , Zhao Jianbo , Xia Xinghua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe paper proposes a prediction algorithm that is composed with principal component analysis (PCA), grid search (GS) and K-nearest neighbours (KNN). Firstly, in order to solve the problem of multicollinearity in multiple regression, principal component analysis is used to select the principal components of the regression variables; then, the K-nearest neighbour regression prediction model is used to train the data and the grid search is used to obtain better prediction model parameters in order to solve the problem of difficult parameter selection in the traditional K-nearest neighbour regression prediction model; finally, taking Zhejiang Province, China, as an example, the optimised prediction model is used to conduct regional agricultural carbon emission. The results show that the algorithm outperforms other prediction models in terms of prediction accuracy and it can accurately predict regional agricultural carbon emissions.
Bayesian optimization of ESG (Environmental Social Governance) financial investments
Authors: Garrido-Merchán Eduardo C , González Piris Gabriel , Coronado Vaca María 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Financial experts seek to predict the variability of financial markets to ensure investors’ successful investments. However, there has been a big trend in finance in the last few years, which are the ESG (Economic, Social and Governance) criteria, due to the growing importance of investments being socially responsible, and because of the financial impact companies suffer when not complying with them. Consequently, creating a stock portfolio should consider not only its financial performance but compliance with ESG criteria. Portfolio optimization (PO) techniques previously applied to ESG portfolios, are all closed-form analytical ones. But the real world is rather a black box with unknown analytical expressions. Thus, in this paper we use Bayesian optimization (BO), a sequential state-of-the-art design strategy to optimize black-boxes with unknown analytical and costly-to-compute expressions, to maximize the performance of a stock portfolio under the presence of ESG criteria soft constraints incorporated into the objective function. And we compare it to two other black-box techniques widely applied for the optimization of ‘conventional portfolios’ (non-ESG ones): the metaheuristics Genetic algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA). Although BO has many theoretical advantages over GA and SA, it has never been applied to PO. Thus, this paper investigates whether BO can be used in the ESG PO framework as an alternative and compares it with GA and SA. This is the research gap to which this paper responds. To show the empirical performance of BO, we carry out four illustrative experiments and find evidence of BO outperforming the baselines. Thus we add another different optimization approach to the world of ESG investing: a black-box non-heuristic optimization approach through BO. Our study is the first paper that leverages BO and ESG scores into a PO technique. This paper opens the door to many new research lines in (ESG) portfolio optimization.
‘NowyouareRobin Hood: Prince of Thieves™’: Intermedial Medievalism
Authors: Watterson Tess 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe 1991 Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves console video game constitutes a significantly different vision of the Middle Ages than the blockbuster film upon which it was based. Prince of Thieves is one among a prolific tradition of Robin Hood-themed digital games, which produce anew a legend that has thrived across intermedial networks of representation since the Middle Ages. The game represents a desire to transform popular medievalist narratives into play formats, but also the entwined and invested relationship between Hollywood and the game industry over the last half-century. This article will analyse how three core thematic elements of the game are inherently shifted in the adaptation process: the range of perspectives reduced by a first-person game, the modes of violence, and the role of familial relationships. The game is more than just a remediated version of the same story, as its adaptation process is a result of not only the medievalist tradition of Robin Hood and a connection to this film but also of the history of the action-adventure game genre and movie-adaptation games. This article will argue that the context of video game adaptation and genre conventions shape the way this text operates as a piece of franchise media, and that these constraints or choices in the game’s design in turn shape the production of vastly different historical meanings.
CNV-ClinViewer: enhancing the clinical interpretation of large copy-number variants online
Authors: Macnee Marie , Pérez-Palma Eduardo , Brünger Tobias , Klöckner Chiara , Platzer Konrad , Stefanski Arthur , Montanucci Ludovica , Bayat Allan , Radtke Maximilian , Collins Ryan L , Talkowski Michael , Blankenberg Daniel , Møller Rikke S , Lemke Johannes R , Nothnagel Michael , May Patrick , Lal Dennis 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Pathogenic copy-number variants (CNVs) can cause a heterogeneous spectrum of rare and severe disorders. However, most CNVs are benign and are part of natural variation in human genomes. CNV pathogenicity classification, genotype–phenotype analyses, and therapeutic target identification are challenging and time-consuming tasks that require the integration and analysis of information from multiple scattered sources by experts.

Results
Here, we introduce the CNV-ClinViewer, an open-source web application for clinical evaluation and visual exploration of CNVs. The application enables real-time interactive exploration of large CNV datasets in a user-friendly designed interface and facilitates semi-automated clinical CNV interpretation following the ACMG guidelines by integrating the ClassifCNV tool. In combination with clinical judgment, the application enables clinicians and researchers to formulate novel hypotheses and guide their decision-making process. Subsequently, the CNV-ClinViewer enhances for clinical investigators’ patient care and for basic scientists’ translational genomic research.

Availability and implementation
The web application is freely available at https://cnv-ClinViewer.broadinstitute.org and the open-source code can be found at https://github.com/LalResearchGroup/CNV-clinviewer.
A maximum kernel-based association test to detect the pleiotropic genetic effects on multiple phenotypes
Authors: Wang Jinjuan , Long Mingya , Li Qizhai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Testing the association between multiple phenotypes with a set of genetic variants simultaneously, rather than analyzing one trait at a time, is receiving increasing attention for its high statistical power and easy explanation on pleiotropic effects. The kernel-based association test (KAT), being free of data dimensions and structures, has proven to be a good alternative method for genetic association analysis with multiple phenotypes. However, KAT suffers from substantial power loss when multiple phenotypes have moderate to strong correlations. To handle this issue, we propose a maximum KAT (MaxKAT) and suggest using the generalized extreme value distribution to calculate its statistical significance under the null hypothesis.

Results
We show that MaxKAT reduces computational intensity greatly while maintaining high accuracy. Extensive simulations demonstrate that MaxKAT can properly control type I error rates and obtain remarkably higher power than KAT under most of the considered scenarios. Application to a porcine dataset used in biomedical experiments of human disease further illustrates its practical utility.

Availability and implementation
The R package MaxKAT that implements the proposed method is available on Github https://github.com/WangJJ-xrk/MaxKAT.
The environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene regulates epigenetic reprogramming and metabolic rewiring in a two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis model
Authors: Sarwar Md. Shahid , Ramirez Christina N , Dina Kuo Hsiao-Chen , Chou Pochung , Wu Renyi , Sargsyan Davit , Yang Yuqing , Shannar Ahmad , Mary Peter Rebecca , Yin Ran , Wang Yujue , Su Xiaoyang , Kong Ah-Ng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer in the world. Environmental exposure to carcinogens is one of the major causes of NMSC initiation and progression. In the current study, we utilized a two-stage skin carcinogenesis mouse model generated by sequential exposure to cancer-initiating agent benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and promoting agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), to study epigenetic, transcriptomic and metabolic changes at different stages during the development of NMSC. BaP/TPA caused significant alterations in DNA methylation and gene expression profiles in skin carcinogenesis, as evidenced by DNA-seq and RNA-seq analysis. Correlation analysis between differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated regions found that the mRNA expression of oncogenes leucine rich repeat LGI family member 2 (Lgi2), kallikrein-related peptidase 13 (Klk13) and SRY-Box transcription factor (Sox5) are correlated with the promoter CpG methylation status, indicating BaP/TPA regulates these oncogenes through regulating their promoter methylation at different stages of NMSC. Pathway analysis identified that the modulation of macrophage-stimulating protein-recepteur d’origine nantais and high-mobility group box 1 signaling pathways, superpathway of melatonin degradation, melatonin degradation 1, sirtuin signaling and actin cytoskeleton signaling pathways are associated with the development of NMSC. The metabolomic study showed BaP/TPA regulated cancer-associated metabolisms like pyrimidine and amino acid metabolisms/metabolites and epigenetic-associated metabolites, such as S-adenosylmethionine, methionine and 5-methylcytosine, indicating a critical role in carcinogen-mediated metabolic reprogramming and its consequences on cancer development. Altogether, this study provides novel insights integrating methylomic, transcriptomic and metabolic-signaling pathways that could benefit future skin cancer treatment and interception studies.
“You can’t tell this story without abortion”: television creators on narrative intention and development of abortion stories on their shows
Authors: Herold Stephanie , Sisson Gretchen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Scholars and advocates often cite media as a mechanism to change culture, especially related to contested issues in American politics such as abortion. While there is mixed evidence in support of this claim, it is not clear how media content creators conceptualize their abortion plotlines. We identified television shows available to U.S. audiences that included abortion plotlines and purposively recruited the creators who worked on them. Forty-six American creators completed in-depth interviews. Respondents’ primary reasons for including abortion plotlines were: (1) to normalize abortion; (2) to deploy abortion as source of character development; and (3) to respond to politics. Some respondents reported barriers to getting abortion content from page to screen, including stigmatizing attitudes towards abortion from colleagues and network executives. Respondents did not necessarily aspire to reflect the reality of abortion access in the US, instead seeking to destigmatize abortion by portraying televisual representations of compassionate, shame-free abortions.