bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of duloxetine in the treatment of axial symptoms after posterior cervical spine surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Jinkai , Yang Xiaotian , Jing Wanli , Guo Xing , Wang Rui , Zhou Jiaming , Xue Yuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy of duloxetine in the treatment of patients with axial symptoms after posterior cervical spine surgery.

Methods
Patients with axial symptoms after posterior cervical spine surgery treated by duloxetine or non-drug therapy from 2018 to 2021 were reviewed. Duloxetine was administered gradually, with oral administration of 30 mg in the first week and oral administration of 60 mg from the second week. Visual analogue scale (VAS), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) and EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire were used to evaluate the severity of AS at baseline and 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after medication. The occurrence of adverse reactions was recorded.

Results
A total of 63 eligible patients who received duloxetine therapy (n = 35) or non-drug therapy (n = 28) were included. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Significant improvements were found in VAS score compared with baseline in both groups (1.87 ± 0.81 vs 6.61 ± 1.16, 3.18 ± 0.67 vs 6.31 ± 1.40; P < 0.05 for all). Meanwhile, the VAS score of the duloxetine group was significantly better than that of the non-drug therapy group at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months (P < 0.05). Besides, according to 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36), the PCS score and MCS score are significantly higher than before the treatment in duloxetine group (PCS 62.82 ± 6.04 vs 44.36 ± 7.25, MCS 65.50 ± 4.53 vs 55.55 ± 6.06; P < 0.05 for all). And when we compared variables between the two groups, the PCS score of the duloxetine group was significantly better than that of the non-drug therapy group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in MCS score between the two groups (P > 0.05). What’s more, EQ-5D score had significant improvements in the duloxetine group compared with the non-drug therapy group at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Oral duloxetine has a better short-term outcome than conventional non-drug therapy in patients with axial symptoms following posterior decompression surgery in the cervical spine.
Surgical management of descending necrotizing mediastinitis: strategy for thoracic interference
Authors: Nhat Lam Xuan , Vinh Vu Huu , Thi Chau Phu , Van Khoi Nguyen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The present descriptive study shares the overall experience of treating all these patients where different surgical process was adopted depending on the treatment required after carefully evaluating the risk factors and comorbidities.

Methods
The present study was conducted at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Choray Hospital, Vietnam between the period of 2010 to 2020. We have treated 95 patients altogether in this duration.

Results
We were able to save most of the patients by applying thoracotomy and thoracic irrigation for most of the patients based on the observed indications that were identified immediately after the compulsory standard cervicotomy. The indication for thoracic interference was considered when the infection was deeply spread into the mediastinum and cannot get out through cervicotomy, although the most effective method of drainage was applied.

Conclusion
Our statistical investigation of the patient data suggested the possible association and influence of comorbidity such as diabetes. Therefore, we recommend that in specific cases thoracotomy along with thoracic irrigation and repetitive surgical draining could be a better option to reduce the infection and the mortality rate.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered.
Host obesity alters the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment and impacts response to standard of care chemotherapy
Authors: Liu Yueying , Yang Jing , Hilliard Tyvette S. , Wang Zhikun , Johnson Jeff , Wang Wanrui , Harper Elizabeth I. , Ott Connor , O’Brien Caitlin , Campbell Leigh , Crowley Brian , Grisoli Stephen , Stavrou Nicholas M. , Juncker-Jensen Anna , Stack M. Sharon 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The majority of women with epithelial ovarian cancer (OvCa) are diagnosed with metastatic disease, resulting in a poor 5-year survival of 31%. Obesity is a recognized non-infectious pandemic that increases OvCa incidence, enhances metastatic success and reduces survival. We have previously demonstrated a link between obesity and OvCa metastatic success in a diet-induced obesity mouse model wherein a significantly enhanced tumor burden was associated with a decreased M1/M2 tumor-associated macrophage ratio (Liu Y et al. Can, Res. 2015; 75:5046–57).

Methods
The objective of this study was to use pre-clinical murine models of diet-induced obesity to evaluate the effect of a high fat diet (HFD) on response to standard of care chemotherapy and to assess obesity-associated changes in the tumor microenvironment. Archived tumor tissues from ovarian cancer patients of defined body mass index (BMI) were also evaluated using multiplexed immunofluorescence analysis of immune markers.

Results
We observed a significantly diminished response to standard of care paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy in HFD mice relative to low fat diet (LFD) controls. A corresponding decrease in the M1/M2 macrophage ratio and enhanced tumor fibrosis were observed both in murine DIO studies and in human tumors from women with BMI > 30.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that the reported negative impact of obesity on OvCa patient survival may be due in part to the effect of the altered M1/M2 tumor-associated macrophage ratio and enhanced fibrosis on chemosensitivity. These data demonstrate a contribution of host obesity to ovarian tumor progression and therapeutic response and support future combination strategies targeting macrophage polarization and/or fibrosis in the obese host.
Effects of a swallowing and oral-care program on resuming oral feeding and reducing pneumonia in patients following endotracheal extubation: a randomized, open-label, controlled trial
Authors: Siao Shu-Fen , Ku Shih-Chi , Tseng Wen-Hsuan , Wei Yu-Chung , Chang Yu-Chun , Hsiao Tzu-Yu , Wang Tyng-Guey , Chen Cheryl Chia-Hui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The resumption of oral feeding and free from pneumonia are important therapeutic goals for critically ill patients who have been successfully extubated after prolonged (≥ 48 h) endotracheal intubation. We aimed to examine whether a swallowing and oral-care (SOC) program provided to critically ill patients extubated from prolonged mechanical ventilation improves their oral-feeding resumption and reduces 30-day pneumonia incidence.

Methods
In this randomized, open-label, controlled trial, participants were consecutively enrolled and randomized to receive the SOC program or usual care. The interventions comprised three protocols: oral-motor exercise, sensory stimulation and lubrication, and safe-swallowing education. Beginning on the day following patient extubation, an SOC nurse provided the three-protocol care for seven consecutive days or until death or hospital discharge. With independent outcome assessors, oral-feeding resumption (yes, no) corresponded to level 6 or level 7 on the Functional Oral Intake Scale (censored seven days postextubation) along with radiographically documented pneumonia (yes, no; censored 30 days postextubation), abstracted from participants’ electronic medical records were coded.

Results
We analyzed 145 randomized participants (SOC group = 72, control group = 73). The SOC group received, on average, 6.2 days of intervention (14.8 min daily) with no reported adverse events. By day 7, 37/72 (51.4%) of the SOC participants had resumed oral feeding vs. 24/73 (32.9%) of the control participants. Pneumonia occurred in 11/72 (15.3%) of the SOC participants and in 26/73 (35.6%) of the control participants. Independent of age and intubation longer than 6 days, SOC participants were likelier than their control counterparts to resume oral feeding (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.35; 95% CI 1.38–4.01) and had lower odds of developing pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio, 0.28; 95% CI 0.12–0.65).

Conclusions
The SOC program effectively improved patients’ odds that oral feeding would resume and the 30-day pneumonia incidence would decline. The program might advance dysphagia care provided to critically ill patients extubated from prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Trial registration: NCT03284892, registered on September 15, 2017.
PHF5A regulates the expression of the DOCK5 variant to promote HNSCC progression through p38 MAPK activation
Authors: Liu Chao , Li Guo , Zheng Siyuan , She Li , Lu Shanhong , Wang Yunyun , Huang Donghai , Zhang Xin , Sun Lunquan , Liu Yong , Qiu Yuanzheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Previously, we identified an oncogenic splicing variant of DOCK5 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); however, the mechanism for the generation of this specific DOCK5 variant remains unknown. This study aims to explore the potential spliceosome genes involved in the production of the DOCK5 variant and validate its role in regulating the progression of HNSCC.

Methods
The differentially expressed spliceosome genes involved in the DOCK5 variant were analysed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the correlation between the DOCK5 variant and the potential spliceosome gene PHF5A was verified by qRT-PCR. The expression of PHF5A was detected in HNSCC cells, TCGA data and a separate primary tumour cohort. The functional role of PHF5A was examined using CCK-8, colony formation, cell scratch and Transwell invasion assays in vitro and validated in vivo in xenograft models of HNSCC. Western blot analysis was used to explore the potential mechanism of PHF5A in HNSCC.

Results
PHF5A was one of the top upregulated spliceosome genes in TCGA HNSCC samples with highly expressed DOCK5 variants. Knockdown or overexpression of PHF5A in HNSCC cells correspondingly altered the level of the DOCK5 variant. PHF5A was highly expressed in tumour cells and tissues and correlated with a worse prognosis of HNSCC. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments demonstrated that PHF5A could promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of HNSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, PHF5A inhibition reversed the oncogenic effect of the DOCK5 variant in HNSCC. Western blot analysis showed that PHF5A activated the p38 MAPK pathway, and inhibition of p38 MAPK further reversed the effect of PHF5A on the proliferation, migration and invasion of HNSCC cells.

Conclusion
PHF5A regulates the alternative splicing of DOCK5 to promote HNSCC progression through p38 MAPK activation, which provides potential therapeutic implications for HNSCC patients.
Exposure to alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption among children and early teenagers in South Africa
Authors: Osuafor Godswill N. , Okoli Chinwe E. , Chibuzor Gladys 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a paucity of information on alcohol adverts on alcohol consumption among early teenagers. The study aimed to examine the association between exposure to alcohol adverts and alcohol consumption.

Methods
A sample of 3833 early teenagers aged 12–14 years were extracted from the South African National HIV Prevalence, HIV Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey (SABSSM) 2017. Participants answered questions related to their exposure to alcohol adverts across television, Poster/billboard, events, and social media. Alcohol consumption was assessed on ever consumed alcohol and in the previous 12 months. Information on demographic characteristics was collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to process the data.

Result
Exposure to alcohol adverts increases from 5.2% for Events to 77.0% on television. All alcohol media of adverts were associated with alcohol consumption by age. The results mirror studies that demonstrated that exposure to alcohol advertisements was associated with alcohol consumption.

Conclusion
The association between alcohol consumption, exposure to alcohol adverts, and demographic characteristics need the urgent attention of policymakers and interventionists. The focus of action should be on protecting these early teenagers from exposure to media of adverts and risk background factors.
Network traffic classification model based on attention mechanism and spatiotemporal features
Authors: Hu Feifei , Zhang Situo , Lin Xubin , Wu Liu , Liao Niandong , Song Yanqi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTraffic classification is widely used in network security and network management. Early studies have mainly focused on mapping network traffic to different unencrypted applications, but little research has been done on network traffic classification of encrypted applications, especially the underlying traffic of encrypted applications. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a network encryption traffic classification model that combines attention mechanisms and spatiotemporal features. The model firstly uses the long short-term memory (LSTM) method to analyze continuous network flows and find the temporal correlation features between these network flows. Secondly, the convolutional neural network (CNN) method is used to extract the high-order spatial features of the network flow, and then, the squeeze and excitation (SE) module is used to weight and redistribute the high-order spatial features to obtain the key spatial features of the network flow. Finally, through the above three stages of training and learning, fast classification of network flows is achieved. The main advantages of this model are as follows: (1) the mapping relationship between network flow and label is automatically constructed by the model without manual intervention and decision by network features, (2) it has strong generalization ability and can quickly adapt to different network traffic datasets, and (3) it can handle encrypted applications and their underlying traffic with high accuracy. The experimental results show that the model can be applied to classify network traffic of encrypted and unencrypted applications at the same time, especially the classification accuracy of the underlying traffic of encrypted applications is improved. In most cases, the accuracy generally exceeds 90%.
Changes in knowledge and awareness for a community-based cancer screening educational program
Authors: Wu Shenghui , Chalela Patricia , Ramirez Amelie G 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer (CC), colorectal cancer (CRC), and breast cancer (BC) are diseases that can be prevented/detected through early test. Through educational programs, individuals can become better informed about these cancers and understand the importance of screening and early detection. However, many people, especially low-income, low-educated, uninsured minority population groups, do not have their cancer screenings at the recommended intervals and do not receive appropriate and timely follow-up of abnormal screening results or timely treatment after diagnosis. A community-based educational program was developed to improve knowledge and awareness toward the screening of the three cancer types in a South Texas underserved population.

Methods
Residents living in Laredo, Texas were invited to participate in the present educational program. From January 2020 to April 2021, participants were recruited using social media and flyer distributions in the general community. Participants received a free live web cancer education presentation delivered by bilingual community health educators, and online pre- and post-education surveys for CC, CRC, and BC separately. Pre-post changes in knowledge for individual items were compared using McNemar’s chi-squared tests.

Results
Overall, the participants showed increases in CC (n = 237), CRC (n = 59), and BC (n = 56) screening knowledge and awareness after receiving the cancer screening education (Ps < 0.05). After receiving the cancer screening education, 85–97% of participants had an intent to talk to a healthcare provider about CC/CRC/BC screening, 88–97% had an intent to get a CC/CRC/BC screening test in the next 12 months or at the next routine appointment, and 90–97% had an intent to talk about CC/CRC/BC with their family members or friends.

Conclusions
A community-based educational program culturally and linguistically tailored help increase knowledge and awareness about cervical, colorectal, and breast cancer screening, and promote positive changes in population’s knowledge and awareness about the benefits of cancer screening. Future cancer screening educational programs in similar populations are warranted to reduce the risk of cervical, colorectal, and breast cancer.
The influence of heat on phytolith morphology and implications for quantifying archaeological foxtail and common millets
Authors: Wang Xin , Shang Xue 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Phytoliths are silica bodies formed in living plant tissues, and they can be reliable indicators of their parent plants when they demonstrate characteristic phytolith morphology. As shown by the growing case studies around the globe, phytolith morphology is of significant value for identifying and even quantifying domesticated plants. However, researchers also alert that phytoliths morphology can change, for example, in alkaline solutions or heat, causing the loss of characteristic phytoliths and eventually leading to the over- or under-identification of certain phytoliths. Focusing on the degree to which heat can cause changes to the phytolith morphology of millet, the present study carried out a series of controlled heating experiments on six varieties of modern common millet (Panicum miliaceum) growing in different regions of Northern China. Husked grains were heated following the dry ashing method. Specimens prepared from the dry ashing method were examined under an optical microscope to quantify articulated husk phytoliths, which are characteristic millet phytoliths, and to estimate the surface area of millet grains. We estimated that 30.8% to 59.5% of the common millet phytoliths underwent morphological damage in the heating experiments. Considering our previous heating experiments on foxtail millet, we conclude that compared to foxtail millet phytoliths, common millet phytoliths experience morphological damage more quickly when exposed to heat. This observation may explain (at least partially) the contradictory results between macro- and micro-botanical results. It reminds us that common millet can be underrepresented in the micro-botanical evidence (phytoliths). We conclude the paper by discussing the potential archaeological implications of our heating experiments.
IKT Guiding Principles: demonstration of diffusion and dissemination in partnership
Authors: Shwed Alanna , Hoekstra Femke , Bhati DivyaKanwar , Athanasopoulos Peter , Chernesky John , Martin Ginis Kathleen , McBride Christopher B. , Mortenson W. Ben , Sibley Kathryn M. , Sweet Shane N. ,   SCI Guiding Principles Panel, Gainforth Heather L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionIntegrated knowledge translation (IKT) is a partnered approach to research that aims to ensure research findings are applied in practice and policy. IKT can be used during diffusion and dissemination of research findings. However, there is a lack of understanding how an IKT approach can support the diffusion and dissemination of research findings. In this study, we documented and described the processes and outcomes of an IKT approach to diffusing and disseminating the findings of consensus recommendations for conducting spinal cord injury research.MethodsCommunication of the IKT Guiding Principles in two phases: a diffusion phase during the first 102 days from the manuscript’s publication, followed by a 1147 day active dissemination phase. A record of all inputs was kept and all activities were tracked by monitoring partnership communication, a partnership tracking survey, a project curriculum vitae, and team emails. Awareness outcomes were tracked through Google Analytics and a citation-forward search. Awareness includes the website accesses, the number of downloads, and the number of citations in the 29 month period following publication.ResultsIn the diffusion period, the recommendations were viewed 60 times from 4 different countries, and 4 new downloads. In the dissemination period, the recommendations were viewed 1109 times from 39 different countries, 386 new downloads, and 54 citations. Overall, during dissemination there was a 17.5% increase in new visitors to the website a month and a 95.5% increase in downloads compared to diffusion.ConclusionThis project provides an overview of an IKT approach to diffusion and dissemination. Overall, IKT may be helpful for increasing awareness of research findings faster; however, more research is needed to understand best practices and the the impact of an IKT approach on the diffusion and dissemination versus a non-partnered approach.
High frequency alternating current neurostimulation decreases nocifensive behavior in a disc herniation model of lumbar radiculopathy
Authors: Dewberry Lauren Savannah , Porche Ken , Koenig Travis , Allen Kyle D. , Otto Kevin J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate if kilohertz frequency alternating current (KHFAC) stimulation of peripheral nerve could serve as a treatment for lumbar radiculopathy. Prior work shows that KHFAC stimulation can treat sciatica resulting from chronic sciatic nerve constriction. Here, we evaluate if KHFAC stimulation is also beneficial in a more physiologic model of low back pain which mimics nucleus pulposus (NP) impingement of a lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG).

Methods
To mimic a lumbar radiculopathy, autologous tail NP was harvested and placed upon the right L5 nerve root and DRG. During the same surgery, a cuff electrode was implanted around the sciatic nerve with wires routed to a headcap for delivery of KHFAC stimulation. Male Lewis rats (3 mo., n = 18) were separated into 3 groups: NP injury + KHFAC stimulation (n = 7), NP injury + sham cuff (n = 6), and sham injury + sham cuff (n = 5). Prior to surgery and for 2 weeks following surgery, animal tactile sensitivity, gait, and static weight bearing were evaluated.

Results
KHFAC stimulation of the sciatic nerve decreased behavioral evidence of pain and disability. Without KHFAC stimulation, injured animals had heightened tactile sensitivity compared to baseline (p < 0.05), with tactile allodynia reversed during KHFAC stimulation (p < 0.01). Midfoot flexion during locomotion was decreased after injury but improved with KHFAC stimulation (p < 0.05). Animals also placed more weight on their injured limb when KHFAC stimulation was applied (p < 0.05). Electrophysiology measurements at end point showed decreased, but not blocked, compound nerve action potentials with KHFAC stimulation (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
KHFAC stimulation decreases hypersensitivity but does not cause additional gait compensations. This supports the idea that KHFAC stimulation applied to a peripheral nerve may be able to treat chronic pain resulting from sciatic nerve root inflammation.