bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron Deficiency Anemia in Nigerians with Heart Failure (IDAN-HF)
Authors: Akintunde AA , Akinlade OM , Egbewale BE , Opadijo OG 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Recent evidence has reported significant improvement in clinical profile, quality of life, and prognosis of heart failure subjects with iron replacement.

Aims:
This study aimed to determine the safety and outcome of parenteral iron replacement among heart failure subjects in Nigeria.

Method:
A randomized interventional study was done at the Cardiology Clinic of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. One hundred and forty subjects with heart failure were recruited. Iron deficiency and anemia were determined according to standardized criteria. Parenteral iron dextran was administered to a block randomized group of 30 of those identified with iron deficiency and compared with controls. The primary outcome was the six minutes' walk test (6 MWT) after 8 weeks while the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) score was used to assess the quality of life as a secondary outcome. Statistical analysis was done with the SPSS 20.0. P value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results:
Iron deficiency was present in 84 (60.0%) of all study participants. Iron dextran was fairly tolerated with mild to moderate adverse reactions reported in 7 (23.3%) subjects who had an iron infusion. Improvement in the 6 MWT distance (390.1 ± 92.6 vs. 156.9 ± 72.5 meters, P < 0.05) and the KCCQ score (84.5 ± 3.7 vs. 64.2 ± 12.5%, P < 0.05) among iron-deficient heart failure subjects who received iron dextran was significantly higher than those who did not receive the iron replacement. Functional classification according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) profile and heart rate were also much improved after the iron replacement than those who did not receive it.

Conclusion:
Parenteral iron dextran therapy was fairly tolerated among heart failure subjects. Iron replacement is associated with improved quality of life, better temporal clinical profile, and functional classification among Nigerians with heart failure. Iron replacement therapy can be an additional therapeutic option in heart failure management among Africans to improve prognosis.
Knowledge and Behavioral Assessment of Dentists Toward Screening and Managing Patients with Head and Neck Cancer in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhazzazi TY 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Widening the breadth of dentists' responsibilities to include screening all patients for life-threatening diseases, such as head and neck cancer (HNC), is crucial to improve survival rates and decrease morbidity.

Aims:
The study aimed to assess the knowledge and behavior of dentists toward screening and managing patients with HNC in Daudi Arabia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and behavior of dentists toward screening and managing patients with HNC in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study comprised a closed-ended electronic questionnaire sent to dentists including general practitioners, specialists, and consultants (n = 723). The e-questionnaire included questions that assessed dentists' behavior and knowledge toward screening and managing patients with HNC. The Chi-square test was used to establish relationships between categorical variables.

Results:
The response rate was 28.5%. Dentists obtained the dental and medical histories of 74% and 80% of their cases, respectively. Only 55% and 14% of dentists routinely ask their patients about smoking habits and family history of cancer, respectively. Additionally, only 13% and 12% always screen for HNC and were familiar with adjunct HNC screening tools, respectively. Approximately 75% of respondents identified HPV as a risk factor, whereas 54% and 41% identified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and poor oral hygiene as risk factors, respectively.

Conclusions:
There is an apparent lack of essential concepts of the behavior and knowledge in our dental community with respect to screening and managing patients with HNC. More emphasis should be placed on updating information on clinical practices and having dentists familiarize themselves with HNC screening methods and tools. Ultimately, the role of the dentist should include screening and detecting systemic diseases in dental settings.
Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Safety Measures for Corona Virus Disease - 19 (COVID-19) Among General Population
Authors: Ahmed N , Abbasi MS , Bin-Shuwaish MS , Al-Aali KA , Al-Hamdan RS , Abduljabbar T , Vohra F 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of general population for Corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19).

Methods:
A total of 950 participants submitted an online self-administered questionnaire, which was developed through literature search and validated. The online survey link was distributed through various social media platforms (WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Snapchat, Pinterest, and Tumblr). And 861 forms were included in the study after checking for completion of relevant response from participants, whereas 89 forms were excluded. The data were analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Descriptive statistics were performed for percentage and frequency determination of quantitative and qualitative variables. Spearman's correlation and Chi square test were performed to control confounders and association of knowledge, attitude, and practices with gender and education level. The P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results:
More than two third of the population was aware of COVID-19 and three fourth had had bachelor's degrees, whereas 18% had master level education. 85% have not attended any courses, awareness campaigns, and lectures to inculcate recent and updated knowledge. 83% believed that COVID-19 is a serious threat to the community; hence, prevention strategies should be adopted. There was no significant relationship (p = 0.23) between knowledge, attitude, and practice levels with gender, whereas a significant relationship (p = 0.01) was noted with education of participant. Similarly, a significant relationship (p = 0.00) was seen between knowledge and practices of participants toward COVID-19.

Conclusion:
The studied population displayed adequate knowledge, attitude, and practice to combat COVID-19. However, we also find a knowledge gap between information source and perception of COVID-19 among our study participants. Therefore, there is a critical need for effective education and widespread public campaigns aiming to enhance relevant and contemporary information related to prevention and management of COVID-19.
A Rare Rectosigmoid Mass Mimicking Cancer; Solitary Rectal Ulcer
Authors: Anilir E 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Solitary rectal ulcer (SRU) is a rare, benign disease that has a rate of 1–3.6/100000. Perineal pain, rectal bleeding, mucosal discharge accompanied by incomplete defecation, rectal prolapse, obstructive symptoms, such as constipation and obstipation, may occur as clinical findings in SRU. Different methods, ranging from medical treatment to surgery, can be applied according to the severity of the disease and clinical findings. A 36-year-old female patient, who did not have any chronic disease or previous surgical operation, was admitted to our outpatient clinic due to complaints of abdominal pain, anorexia, constipation, occasional rectal bleeding, and weight loss, which had been ongoing for about 2 months. An obstructive polypoid mass was detected in colonoscopy. Low anterior resection was performed. The pathology result was SRU. The patient was discharged on the 12th day after healing without any complication. SRU should always be considered in patients who present lower gastrointestinal system symptoms. Surgery may be preferred in patients who do not respond to medical treatment or have an obstructive lesion and suspected malignancy.
Evaluation of Pediatric High-Energy Trauma Patients with Whole-Body Computed Tomography
Authors: Aydın ZB 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
We aimed to evaluate the findings of whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) in pediatric high-energy trauma patients and to determine the distribution of injuries.

Materials and Methods:
The WBCT images of 1132 pediatric patients who were admitted to emergency department between 2013 and 2018 for high-energy trauma were evaluated retrospectively. Six hundred and twenty patients with abdominal, chest, head, and skeletal injuries were included.

Results:
Using the WBCT images, we detected skeletal injuries in 557 pediatric patients; spinal, rib, extremity, and pelvic fractures were detected in 113, 57, 51, and 37 patients, respectively. Craniofacial fractures were viewed in 299 patients. We detected intracranial hemorrhage, pulmonary contusion, pneumothorax, and solid organ injuries in 102, 115, 45, and 55 pediatric patients, respectively.

Conclusion:
The frequency and distribution of injuries in trauma cases vary between adults and children. While there are many studies about whole-body CT findings of adult trauma, there are only a few studies about pediatric high-energy trauma patients. The traumatic injury types also differ in pediatric age groups. WBCT scan (with pediatric radiation dose) is the fast and accurate diagnostic tool in high-energy trauma cases and therefore is associated with low mortality rates.
Use of BRAF Immunohistochemistry as a Screening Test in Detecting BRAFV600E Mutation in Melanomas
Authors: Gün S , Kefeli M , Yildiz L 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
BRAF mutation is detected in 50–70% of melanomas. The molecular methods used to detect BRAF mutations are 80–90% sensitive, specific, and expensive methods. Immunohistochemistry is a relatively common, rapid, relatively inexpensive method in pathology practice compared to molecular techniques.

Aims:
We aimed to compare immunohistochemical and molecular methods in our case of malign melanoma in which we investigated BRAF mutation with “real time PCR” method and to investigate the compatibility of molecular test results of BRAF immunohistochemistry results as a preliminary test.

Methods:
Selected blocks of 30 patients with metastatic melanoma who came to our department for BRAF mutation detection were subjected to real time PCR molecular method and immunohistochemical study was performed with BRAF primer antibody.

Results:
BRAF mutation was detected by molecular method in 7 of 30 cases (23.33%).

Conclusion:
In all of these 7 cases, positive immunohistochemical staining was identified (100%). In conclusion, the use of BRAF immunohistochemistry as a screening test in the detection of mutant disease will allow the cost-effective use of molecular testing.
The Efficiency of Laser Application for Debonding Laminate Restorations Manufactured of Current CAD-CAM Materials with Different Thicknesses
Authors: Çulhaoğlu AK , Kilicarslan MA , Gökdeniz B , Gür G 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Using lasers for adhesive restoration removal can be practical and atraumatic.

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to investigate Er: YAG laser exposure on debonding the adhesive cementation between enamel and feldspar ceramic, lithium disilicate-reinforced and resin nano ceramic composite laminate restorations.

Materials and Methods:
Vita Cerec Blocs, IPS e.max Computer-aided design (CAD). Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) in full and Lava Ultimate restorative materials were chosen. The 3 × 3 mm2 standardized, 0.5-mm and 1 mm thick specimens were cemented on an enamel surface. After thermocycling, each material group was randomly divided into laser treated and control (non-laser treated) groups. Shear bond strength test was done with a universal testing machine with crosshead speed 0.5 mm/min. Factorial ANOVA Technique and TUKEY HSD multiple comparison test were used for statistical analyses. Moreover, the surface morphology of the debonded samples and the enamel was observed using a scanning electron microscope.

Results:
The laser application was found to weaken the SBS values significantly (P < 0.05) for all groups; however, the most dramatic SBS decrease was observed for laser treated IPS e.max at both thicknesses.

Conclusions:
Laser treatment can serve as a practical and effective method that eliminates the risk the enamel damage and restoration fracture.
Analysis of 10 Cases of Orbital Infections Arising from Odontogenic Cervicofacial Infections
Authors: Benjamin F , Ezekiel AT , Kelvin OU , Albert OU , Rowlan A , Emmanuel AR 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Orbital cellulitis, also called postseptal cellulitis, is an infection of contents of the orbit (periorbital fat, neurovascular bundle, and the extraocular muscles). It should be differentiated from preseptal (periorbital) cellulitis which is a lesion of the anterior portion of the eyelid. However, both preseptal and postseptal cellulitis could present in a similar way with eye pain, edema, and erythema.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to review patients with orbital cellulitis as a complication of odontogenic cervicofacial infections seen in a Nigerian tertiary care facility.

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of cases of odontogenic cervicofacial infections complicated by orbital infections that presented at a Nigerian tertiary health facility between January 2006 and September 2019 was conducted.

Results:
A total of 10 patients with cervicofacial infections who presented with 11 orbital infections as a complication were retrieved for this study. They were six males and four females; male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Median age was 33.5 years (mean age was 34.3 years, range was 22–47 years). Based on clinical features and results of available imaging, orbital infections using the classification by Chandler et al., (1970), were one cases of type I (9.1%), seven cases (63.6%) of type II and two cases (18.2%) of type IV and one case (9.1%) of type V. There was no case of type III.

Conclusion:
Cervicofacial infections could arise from upper posterior teeth. These infections could spread into the orbit causing cellulitis especially type II.
The Utility of CONUT Score in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Baysal M , Bas V , Demirci U , Gulsaran SK , Umit E , Kirkizlar HO , Demir AM 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Assessment of nutritional status is gaining more importance in cancer patients because nutritional status is associated with response to chemotherapy, side effects of cancer treatment and disease progression. Several studies that were performed on patients with solid malignancies have shown the clinical significance of CONUT score (Controlling nutritional status).

Aims:
Therefore we tried to show the utility of CONUT score in newly diagnosed Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) patients which is the most frequently seen B Cell Lymphoma type.

Methods:
Data of the 81 patients diagnosed with DLBCL were retrospectively evaluated. The primary endpoint of our study was to evaluate and classify newly diagnosed DLBCL patients according to the CONUT score and secondary endpoint was to show any relationship with CONUT score and overall survival. Patients' demographics, treatment details, stages, extranodal involvements, the presence of bulky disease, response to treatment options and overall survivals were evaluated from medical recordings.

Results:
Univariate cox regression analysis CONUT score was associated with overall survival (HR: 2.34–95% CI: 1.55–3.24 P = 0.040). On multivariate Cox regression analysis model CONUT score ≥5 was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR: 4.96–95% CI: 1.77–13.97- P = 0.002).

Conclusion:
The value of obtaining nutritional status in cancer patients is underestimated and CONUT score is simple, easily applicable and in our opinion is going to fill the gap especially in DLBCL patients.
Testicular Torsion
Authors: Ogbetere FE 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Testicular torsion leads to loss of blood supply to the testes due to the twisting of the spermatic cord and its contents, necessitating urgent surgical intervention to salvage the affected testis. Testicular loss from missed diagnosis and delayed referral is preventable, especially when patients present early to first contact health care workers. This makes having the correct diagnostic knowledge for testicular torsion by these first contact healthcare providers a very essential determinant of its overall outcome. Two cases of testicular torsion are presented here. Their diagnoses were missed and referrals were delayed despite presenting within three hours of onset of symptoms. It led to the removal of the affected testis in both patients. This case series emphasizes the need to regard every testicular pain in children and young adults as testicular torsion until proven otherwise and highlights the importance of training the first contact health care providers on recognition and prompt intervention or referral of patients with testicular torsion.
Retrospective Evaluation of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Findings of Odontogenic Cysts in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Yılmaz B , Yalçin ED 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Odontogenic cysts develop from the epithelium of dental structures and generally grow slowly. In children and adolescents, cysts usually grow faster than adults and require much knowledge for diagnoses and treatments.

Aims:
This study aimed to determine the diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic cysts in different age groups by evaluating the type of lesions, age, gender, and anatomical distribution of odontogenic cysts seen in children and adolescents by cone-beam computed tomography.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 42 odontogenic cysts (radicular, dentigerous cyst, and odontogenic keratocyst) were determined in children and adolescents aged 7–18 years. Cone-beam computed tomography images of odontogenic cysts were analyzed in terms of types, age, sex, anatomical location, height, width, depth, scalloped borders, lesion shapes, tooth displacement, root resorption, and association with an unerupted tooth.

Results:
There was a significant correlation between odontogenic cyst types and age groups, scalloped borders, lesion shape, tooth displacement, root resorption, and association with an unerupted tooth.

Conclusion:
When odontogenic cysts seen in children and adolescents are examined with cone-beam computed tomography, the radicular cyst was the most common form and was predominated in the 13–18 years age group and in boys. Differences in terms of scalloped borders, lesion shape, tooth displacement, root resorption, and association with unerupted teeth were noticed. The knowledge of the distribution and properties of odontogenic cysts in pediatric patients will help diagnose the lesions during clinical and radiological examinations and make appropriate treatment planning.
Alteration of Intestinal Microflora in Uremia Patients With or Without Blood Purification
Authors: He H , Xie Y 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims:
To investigate alteration of intestinal microflora in uremia patients with or without blood purification treatments.

Methods:
The present study included a total of 109 adult patients who were administered in our hospital during 2014 August to 2015 December, 85 cases had already received hemodialysis treatment and 24 cases had not received any renal transplantation treatments. Serum levels of hemoglobin, albumin, creatinine, hypersensitive C reactive protein, and cystatin C, as well as blood urea nitrogen and estimated glomerular filtration rate were determined. 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted to determine the levels of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Results:
The hemoglobin level in the hemodialysis group was significantly higher than that of the non-hemodialysis patients. The levels of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus acidophilus were significantly lower while the levels of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were significantly higher in both of the patient groups compared with the healthy control. In all treatment groups, levels of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus acidophilus were significantly higher and levels of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were significantly lower compared with the non-blood purification treatment group.

Conclusions:
The intestinal microflora might be influenced by uremia and might also be affected by blood purification treatments.
Obesity Affects Health-Related Quality of Life in Schools Functioning Among Adolescents in Southwest of Nigeria
Authors: Fagbohun AO , Orimadegun AE , Yaria JO , Falade AG 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescence is important but there is a dearth of this information among developing countries such as Nigeria. To assess the relationship between BMI and HRQoL among healthy schooling adolescents in Southwestern Nigeria.

Aims:
We assessed the relationship between BMI and HRQoL among healthy schooling adolescents in southwestern Nigeria.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional study design, 650 adolescents were selected and interviewed about their quality of life in the preceding 1 month using a validated instrument with contents adapted from the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTM) questionnaire. The BMI was calculated and plotted on the Center for Disease Control and Prevention percentile chart to categorize as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese. Comparisons were made using Student's t-test, ANOVA, and linear regression model at P = 0.05.

Results:
Participants mean BMI and overall HRQoL score was 19.0 ± 3.0 kg/m2 and 73.7 ± 11.7, respectively. The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity was 6.9%, 2.3%, and 0.6%, respectively. Females (72.3 ± 12.2) had a significantly lower overall mean HRQoL score than males (75.0 ± 11.1), P = 0.048. Post-hoc ANOVA showed that obese adolescents had significantly lower mean HRQoL in school functioning domain (55.0 ± 20.8) than underweight (83.5 ± 14.), and normal BMI (81.3 ± 16.3) participants (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Obesity reduces HRQoL in the school functioning domain among adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. Our finding buttresses the need to monitor body mass and size in high schools for enhancing quality of life.
Dental Caries Experience among Down's Syndrome Population in Saudi Arabia – A Systematic Review
Authors: Ashi H 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
It is the most common and best-known chromosomal disorder in humans. Its incidence in Saudi Arabia is reported to be 1 in 554 live births. and the scientific evidence on the experience of dental caries (Dental Caries) in DS population is non-conclusive. The aim of this systematic review was to report on the Dental Caries experience among DS population in Saudi Arabia. The electronic databases were searched for scientific research articles published from January 2000 to July 2020. The data search was performed in the electronic search engines like PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus, Web of science, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and Saudi Digital Library. Eight studies which met the eligibility criteria were further analyzed. The qualitative and quantative data were included in the analysis. The sample size of the study population in the included studies varied from 36 to 224 participants and their age ranged from 3 years to 40 years. In this systematic review we found that five studies have reported a higher prevalence of Dental Caries among the DS population. Three studies reported that there was no difference in the Dental Caries prevalence among the DS population when compared to those without DS. The findings of these studies emphasizes the need to prioritize preventive and curative programs for this special care group. Oral health education programs should focus on targeting the DS population as well as their caretakers in order to help them in achieving better quality of life.