bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Dual‐Key‐and‐Lock” NIR‐II NSCyanines Enable High‐Contrast Activatable Phototheranostics in Extrahepatic Diseases
Authors: Tian Yang , Chen Zhaoming , Liu Senyao , Wu Fapu , Cao Wenwen , Pang Dai‐Wen , Xiong Hu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConventional cyanine dyes with a symmetric structure are “always‐on”, which can easily accumulate in the liver and display high liver background fluorescence, inevitably interfering the accurate diagnosis and therapy in extrahepatic diseases. We herein report a platform of NIR‐II non‐symmetric cyanine (NSCyanine) dyes by harnessing a non‐symmetric strategy, which are extremely sensitive to pH/viscosity and can be activated via a “dual‐key‐and‐lock” strategy. These NSCyanine dyes with a low pKa (<4.0) only show weak fluorescence at lysosome pH (key1), however, the fluorescence can be completely switched on and significantly enhanced by intracellular viscosity (key2) in disease tissues, exhibiting high target‐to‐liver ratios up to 19.5/1. Notably, high‐contrast phototheranostics in extrahepatic diseases are achieved, including intestinal metastasis‐imaging, acute gastritis‐imaging, bacteria infected wound healing, and tumor ablation via targeted combined photothermal therapy and chemotherapy.
Clinical efficacy and safety of adjuvant EGFR‐TKIs for resected stage IB lung adenocarcinoma: A real‐world study based on propensity score matching
Authors: Shen Leilei , Guo Juntang , Zhang Weidong , Zhang Lianbin , Liu Xi , Wang Tao , Zhang Tao , Liang Chaoyang , Liu Yang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdjuvant therapy for stage IB non‐small cell lung cancer remains debatable. In this real‐world study, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) for resected stage IB lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsThis real‐world study recruited 249 patients diagnosed with stage IB disease after surgical resection between January 2013 and September 2021. Sixty‐six (26.5%) patients received adjuvant targeted therapy (TKIs group), and 183 (73.5%) were enrolled in the clinical observation (CO) group. Propensity scores were matched to minimize the observed confounder effects between the two groups, and 59 patient pairs were matched. The primary endpoint was disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsIn the TKI group, 38 (64.4%) patients chose to receive icotinib, 27.1% (16/59) received gefitinib, and 5 patients (8.5%) chose osimertinib. The median follow‐up time was 30.8 months (range: 7–107 months). Two (3.4%) patients in the TKI group and 10 (16.9%) in the CO group experienced disease relapse. The 3‐year DFS rates were 98.3% in the TKI group and 83.0% in the CO group (HR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.01–0.78; p = 0.008). DFS differences were found in the entire cohort (p = 0.005) and the matched cohort (p = 0.024) between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that adjuvant EGFR‐TKIs was an independent factor for DFS (HR: 0.211; 95% CI: 0.045–0.979; p = 0.047), along with poor cell differentiation (HR: 5.256; 95% CI: 1.648–16.769; p = 0.005), and spread through air spaces (HR: 5.612; 95% CI: 1.137–27.700; p = 0.034). None of the patients discontinued EGFR‐TKIs owing to the low occurrence rate of treatment‐related serious adverse events.ConclusionAdjuvant EGFR‐TKIs could significantly improve DFS among patients with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma compared with CO, with a safe and tolerable profile.
Opportunities and inherent limits of using environmental DNA for population genetics
Authors: Couton Marjorie , Viard Frédérique , Altermatt Florian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMolecular techniques using DNA retrieved from community or environmental samples, in particular environmental DNA (eDNA), are becoming increasingly popular for detecting individual species, assessing biodiversity, and quantifying ecological indices. More recently, eDNA has also been proposed as a template for population genetics, and several studies have already tested the feasibility of this approach, mostly looking at vertebrate species. Their results along with general opportunities offered by these types of “community‐based” samples, such as the possibility to target multiple species at the same time, have generated great enthusiasm and expectations for using eDNA in population genetics. However, not every aspect of population genetics can be addressed by eDNA‐based data and some inherent limitations may challenge its conclusions. Here, we firstly review the state of current knowledge of DNA retrieved from environmental and community samples for population genetics. Then, focusing on eDNA, we summarize the opportunities but also detail four main limitations of its use for population‐level inferences, namely, (1) the difficulty to retrieve a species‐specific dataset, (2) the potential lack of correlation between observed and true allelic frequencies, (3) the loss of individual information in multi‐locus genotyping and linkage between loci, and (4) the uncertainty about the individuals contributing to the sampled DNA pool (e.g., number, life‐stage, or sex). Some of these limitations might be overcome with the development of new technologies or models that account for the specificities of eDNA. Others, however, are inherent, and their effect on the inferences must be thoroughly evaluated. The possibility of gaining insights into genetic diversity and population structure from DNA retrieved from community and environmental samples is appealing for scientists, conservation managers, and other practitioners. Yet, to avoid false expectations and incorrect inferences, it is imperative that these limitations are known and considered alongside the opportunities and advantages.
Decongestion strategies in patients presenting with acutely decompensated heart failure: A worldwide survey among physicians
Authors: Vazir Ali , Kapelios Chris J. , Agaoglu Elif , Metra Marco , Lopatin Yury , Seferovic Petar , Mullens Wilfred , Filippatos Gerasimos , Rosano Giuseppe , Coats Andrew J.S. , Chioncel Ovidiu 
Published: August 2023

AimsDecongestion strategies for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) characterized by volume overload differ widely. The aim of this independent international academic web‐based survey was to capture the therapeutic strategies that physicians use to treat ADHF and to assess differences in therapeutic approaches between cardiologists versus non‐cardiologists.Methods and resultsPhysicians were invited to complete a web‐based questionnaire, capturing anonymized data on physicians' characteristics and treatment preferences based on a hypothetical clinical scenario of a patient hospitalized with ADHF. A total of 641 physicians from 60 countries participated. A wide variation in the management of the patient was observed. There was conservative use of diuretics, i.e. only 7% started intravenous furosemide at a dose ≥2 times the baseline oral dose, and infrequent use of ultrasound in assessing congestion (20.4%). Spot urinary sodium was infrequently or never measured by ≥85% of physicians. A third considered a patient with ongoing oedema as being stabilized. There were significant differences between cardiologists and non‐cardiologists in the management of ADHF, the targets for daily body weight loss and urine output, diuretic escalation strategies (66.3% vs. 40.7% would escalate diuresis by adding a thiazide) and assessment of response to treatment (27.0% vs. 52.9% considered patients with minimal congestion as stabilized).ConclusionsThere is substantial variability amongst physicians and between cardiologists and non‐cardiologists in the management of patients with ADHF, with regard to clinical parameters used to tailor treatment, treatment goals, diuretic dosing and escalation strategies.
When in doubt, return to fundamentals (seizure semiology)
Authors: Nordli Douglas R. , Beier Alexandra D. , Galan Fernando N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis case of drug resistant focal epilepsy highlights several invaluable teaching points. Hypotheses grounded in seizure semiology provide the best framework to ensure accurate interpretation of diagnostic testing. Without a hypothesis, information gathered from tests can be difficult to linearly piece together and can lead to poor patient outcomes. The case also provides a real‐world conundrum of discordant test results that were ultimately rectified by re‐visiting the initial hypothesis and cross‐testing. Perinatal stroke continues to be a common etiology of drug resistant epilepsy. Patients can achieve seizure freedom and good quality of life with appropriate workup and in appropriate cases, surgery.
Glycemic index, glycemic load, dietary inflammatory index, and risk of infertility in women
Authors: Aghaei Behnaz , Moradi Fardin , Soleimani Davood , Moradinazar Mehdi , Khosravy Tina , Samadi Mehnoosh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe dietary glycemic load (GL) indicates the quantity and quality of carbohydrates, which can affect ovulation and fertility by controlling insulin sensitivity. Also, past studies confirm the role of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) in many diseases, including metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disorders, so it may be related to reproductive health. This case–control study aims to study the association between glycemic index (GI), GL, and DII with infertility in women. This study was conducted on 300 infertile women in the case group and 300 fertile women in the control group in Kermanshah, Iran. Food intake was evaluated using FFQ, and using NUTRITIONIST IV software programs, GI and GL values were determined. DII was computed as well using FFQ data. Physical activity was assessed using IPAQ‐SF. The association between GI, GL, and DII with infertility was evaluated using a logistic regression test, using STATA version 14 software. The results showed that the DII, GI, and GL were higher in the case group compared to the control group ([p = .009], [p = .0001], and [p = .0007], respectively). The increase in GI, GL, and DII caused an increase in infertility factors, and consequently enhanced chance of infertility ((adjusted odd ratio [OR] 2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16, 3.45), (OR 3.68; 95% CI, 1.99, 6.82), and (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 0.97, 2.95), respectively). The present study indicated that the chance of infertility is higher in women who follow a diet with high GI, GL, and DII. Therefore, a positive association may be present between GI, GL, and DII with infertility.
Comparative study of conventional frying and air frying on the quality of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Coria‐Hernández Jonathan , Arjona‐Román José Luis , Meléndez‐Pérez Rosalía 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe human being has historically consumed fried foods for centuries; however, conventional frying has a disadvantage, immersion in vegetable and/or animal oils, which leads to the search for different options. This is why air frying is a good alternative, which still has a wide field of study. In this work, frozen French fries of a brand marketed in Mexico that were subjected to frying in canola oil and air frying were compared. They were evaluated through the change in the removed moisture content, water activity, color profile, hardness, fracturability, and surface damage by SEM, thermal analysis by MDSC, and chemical by FTIR‐ATR spectroscopy. Air‐fried French fries were found to contain about 48% less moisture, fewer perceptible color changes, and less surface damage translated into better crunchiness compared with conventionally fried. It was also found that the changes at the chemical level are smaller, mainly attributed to the absence of canola oil and that the thermal transitions are more stable in terms of temperatures and enthalpies, which makes it possible to emphasize that air frying is a good alternative for developing new fried products that allow expanding the variety of these in the market without sacrificing some quality attributes.
Brain tumor image segmentation based on prior knowledge via transformer
Authors: Li Qiang , Liu Hengxin , Nie Weizhi , Wu Ting 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany researchers use AI to improve the accuracy of early diagnostic techniques. However, as a result of the tumor's uneven shape, fuzzy borders and too few data, existing tumor segmentation methods do not propose accurate segmentation results. We innovative introduces the prior knowledge learned to filter the noise information and guide the final network to generate a more accurate segmentation model. First, we introduce a classification network with an attention block to highlight the potential location of the brain tumor and also obtain the rough diagnosis result as the prior knowledge. Second, we provide a novel image fusion network consisting of a transformer with cross attention to merge tumor localization information with brain MRI images. Third, we propose a novel multilayer transformer experience information fusion network to combine the classic U‐Net network to handle the guiding of prior knowledge. The higher performance of the suggested method is demonstrated by comparison with contemporary methods.
Measurement of human body parameters for human postural assessment via single camera
Authors: Yan Zheng , Zhou Wenqiang , Chen Guodong , Xie Zhexin , Zhao Ziyang , Zhang Chentao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present a camera‐based human body parameters measurement approach and develop a human postural assessment system. The approach combines the conventional contact measurement method and the non‐contact measurement method to overcome some shortcomings in terms of time, expense, and professionalism in early methods. The entire measurement system consists of a computer, a high‐definition camera, and the sticky points that are applied to the participant's body before the measurement. The camera captures the triple view image of human body. Then, the human body outline and the joint points of the human skeleton are extracted to locate the bone feature points. Finally, measurements and extractions of the human parameters are made. Experimental results demonstrate that the global postural assessment system provides quantitative guidance for human postural evaluation, and it completely changes how human postural is evaluated. The postural assessment system is significant for early diagnosis of diseases and medical rehabilitation treatment.
A new perspective on time pressure and creativity: Distinguishing employees' radical versus incremental creativity
Authors: Zhang Yong , Qu Hao , Walter Frank , Liu Wu , Wang Mingxuan 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe role of time pressure on individual employees' creativity remains ambiguous, with prior studies reporting positive, negative, and curvilinear relations. The present research aims to address this issue. Drawing from the attentional focus model, we (a) distinguish the consequences of time pressure for radical versus incremental creativity and (b) introduce external and internal knowledge scanning as distinct mediating mechanisms. Moreover, we cast employees' long‐range and short‐range planning as moderators of the indirect time pressure–creativity linkages. Time‐lagged data from 203 employees and their supervisors revealed that time pressure hampered employees' radical creativity by undermining their external scanning, with long‐range planning alleviating this negative indirect relationship. In contrast, we found an indirect, inverted U‐shaped linkage between time pressure and incremental creativity through internal scanning. Unexpectedly, this indirect relation was not contingent on employees' short‐range planning. These results offer a new theoretical perspective that helps to reconcile previous, seemingly contradictory findings on the relationship between time pressure and creativity. Moreover, our results offer practical implications for modern workplaces that require employees' creative contributions under conditions of time scarcity.
The Impact of Early‐Life Recurrent Otitis Media in Children on the Psychological Well‐Being of Caregivers
Authors: Altamimi Ali A. H. , Robinson Monique , Alenezi Eman M. A. , Choi Robyn S. M. , Brennan‐Jones Christopher G. 
Published: August 2023

AimChildren with early‐life recurrent otitis media (OM) will often endure pain, sleep disturbances, and other developmental setbacks that impact the surrounding family system. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological well‐being and family functioning of caregivers of children with early‐life recurrent OM (rOM).MethodsData from a longitudinal pregnancy cohort were used to categorize children into two groups: those with a history of recurrent OM (rOM group) and those without a history of rOM (reference group) by the age of 3 years. The psychological well‐being of caregivers and the family functioning status were assessed using the Affect Balance Scale and the General Functioning Scale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD‐GF), respectively, at the three‐, five‐, and eight‐year follow‐up appointments. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the data and were adjusted for potential confounding variables.ResultsThere were significant associations between having a child with an early history of rOM and the Affect Balance Scale of caregivers for the negative affects subscale at the three‐ (p < 0.001) and five‐ (p = 0.018) year follow‐ups, and the Affect Balance subscale at the three‐year (p = 0.007) and the five‐year follow‐ups (p = 0.047). There were no significant associations measured during the 8‐year follow‐up period for the FAD‐GF.ConclusionThe findings of this study further highlight the impact of caring for a child with rOM in early childhood on caregivers' psychological well‐being in the first five years of a child's life. The impact, however, did not appear to influence the longer‐term functioning of the family as a whole.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:1445–1449, 2024
Cereal–forage rotation facilitates the colonization of particular rhizobacteria to improve crop productivity
Authors: He Peng , Lin Xizhao , Liu Bowen , Ling Ning , Nan Zhibiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCereal–forage rotation is a crucial advantageous agricultural measure to accelerate sustainable agricultural development. However, the interaction mechanisms of crop productivity with soil characteristics and soil microbiome under this rotation regime remain controversial, leading to large uncertainties in assessing the stability of agroecosystems. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of cereal–forage rotation on the rhizosphere microbial communities, soil properties, and crop productivity as well as the complex relationships among them. To achieve this, the rhizosphere soils of maize and alfalfa were collected from a field experiment with different cropping systems (rotation and monoculture systems of alfalfa or maize) to analyze the microbial communities and further to evaluate their roles on participating in soil nutrient cycling and improving crop productivity. Cereal–forage rotation significantly affected the microbial community compositions rather than diversities in rhizosphere soils, resulting in obvious changes of interspecific interactions. The increased alterations of crop productivity were more correlated with the shifts in bacterial community rather than fungal community, which was actuated by soil pH. Some bacterial recruitment under rotations was observed, primarily showing potential phosphorus cycling and nitrogen assimilation functions. Specifically, the accumulated beneficial rhizobacterial taxa included those with potential antagonistic activities (e.g., Brevundimonas, Gemmatimonas, Lysobacter, Pseudonocardia, and Pseudomonas) and positively responding to biological anabolism (e.g., Luteolibacter, Hyphomicrobium, and Sphingomonas). Such findings reveal that cereal–forage rotation could effectively shape rhizosphere soil microbial community structure and particularly lead to the recruitment of a group of salutary rhizobacteria, which would positively provide some valuable theoretical bases for the developments of high‐quality and high‐yield agriculture.
Tempered distributions with translation bounded measure as Fourier transform and the generalized Eberlein decomposition
Authors: Spindeler Timo , Strungaru Nicolae 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the class of tempered distributions whose Fourier transform is a translation bounded measure and show that each such distribution in has order at most 2d. We show the existence of the generalized Eberlein decomposition within this class of distributions, and its compatibility with all previous Eberlein decompositions. The generalized Eberlein decomposition for Fourier transformable measures and properties of its components are discussed. Lastly, we take a closer look at the absolutely continuous spectrum of measures supported on Meyer sets.
Bolted, slip‐resistant prestressed connections on hot‐dip galvanized bridge components under cyclic loads
Authors: Kraemer A.‐K. , Klein M. , Oechsner M. , Grote J. , Ungermann D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFeuerverzinkte Stahlbauten haben sich im Hochbau etabliert und gehören zum Stand der Technik. Sie erreichen Korrosionsschutzdauern in der Größenordnung der Lebensdauer des Bauwerks (≥100 Jahre). Die Anwendung dieses Korrosionsschutzsystems hätte auch im Brückenbau ein großes Potenzial. Wirtschaftlichkeit und Nachhaltigkeit im Brückenbau sind neben den Neubaukosten insbesondere von den während der Lebensdauer anfallenden Unterhaltungskosten bestimmt. Ein erfolgreich abgeschlossenes Forschungsvorhaben zeigt, dass die Feuerverzinkung als Korrosionsschutz grundlegend und vorteilhaft einsetzbar ist. Die Ermüdungsfestigkeit feuerverzinkter Bauteile hat nur geringe Einbußen gegenüber nicht verzinkten Stahlbauteile zu vermerken. Große Brückenkonstruktionen müssen mit Montagestößen ausgeführt werden. Geschweißte, feuerverzinkte Bauteile ziehen eine aufwändige Vor‐ und Nachbearbeitung des Korrosionsschutzes mit sich. Der nachträglich aufgebrachte Korrosionsschutz erreicht bei weitem nicht die Schutzdauer einer Feuerverzinkung. Diese technologische Einschränkung kann vermieden werden, wenn die Ausführung der Montagestöße durch feuerverzinkte, geschraubte Anschlüsse erfolgt. Im Stahlbrückenbau hat sich der Einsatz von gleitfest vorgespannten (GV) Verbindungen bewährt. Für eine Anwendung von gleitfest vorgespannten Verbindungen bei feuerverzinkten Montagestößen fehlten bislang wesentliche wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen. Technische und wissenschaftliche Grundlagen zum Einsatz von feuerverzinkten Schraubanschlüssen im zyklisch beanspruchten Stahl‐ und Verbundbrückenbau auf Basis des Eurocode 3 wurden erarbeitet und Berechnungsnachweise sowie Konstruktionsempfehlungen bereitgestellt.
Influence of lubrication systems on the fatigue strength of bolted joints
Authors: Kraemer Fabian , Stähler Michael , Klein Marcus , Oechsner Matthias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDas Ermüdungsverhalten von Schraubenverbindungen ist infolge der hohen Kerbwirkung für viele Anwendungen versagenskritisch. Die Lebensdauer wird signifikant durch das Oberflächensystem, bestehend aus Korrosionsschutz und Schmierstoff beeinflusst. Für die Berücksichtigung des Oberflächeneinflusses in der Auslegung von Schraubenverbindungen werden in diesem Artikel systematisch experimentelle Untersuchungen für einen ausgewählten Basecoat und verschiedene Schmierstoffsysteme vorgestellt. Die Grundlage bilden Ermüdungsversuche an Schraubenverbindungen, unterstützt durch ausgewählte Methoden der Werkstoffanalytik zur fraktografischen Bewertung der Bruchflächen. Für die Bewertung der Schädigungsentwicklung wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, das eine reproduzierbare Identifikation des Anrisszeitpunktes und eine Bewertung der Rissfortschrittsphase ermöglicht.