bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of ornamental plants as hosts of Tomato chlorotic spot virus and its vector thrips affecting tomato production
Authors: Khan Rafia A. , Seal Dakshina R. , Zhang Shouan , Liburd Oscar E. , Srinivasan Rajagopalbabu , Colee James 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe tomato industry in South Florida (USA) is seriously affected by recently emerging Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV). Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), and common blossom thrips, Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), are the two known vectors of TCSV in Florida. In the present study, the presence of thrips vectors and TCSV in 24 flowering ornamental plant species was observed in South Florida. The two thrips vectors, as well as melon thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were abundant in the area; they were observed with a range from high (83.1 per sample of 10 flowers) in Hibiscus rosa‐sinensis L. to low (3.7 per sample of 10 flowers) in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don in a nursery study. In a subsequent greenhouse study, we selected seven species of ornamentals, among which the species with the highest thrips abundance, and planted them next to tomato, to determine their effects on TCSV incidence and thrips abundance in tomatoes. Tomatoes with Portulaca oleracea L. next to them showed a higher number of TCSV‐infected plants (4.25 plants per plot in 2017, and 3.25 plants per plot in 2018) compared to tomatoes with some of the other ornamentals next to them. We report the presence of TCSV through reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis in Lantana camara L., H. rosa‐sinensis, Mandevilla spec., Gazania linearis (Thunb.) Druce, Hemerocallis spec., Agastache spec., and P. oleracea. Identification of alternative hosts of TCSV and thrips vectors can be helpful to evaluate the ongoing management programs and develop future programs in local tomato‐growing areas.
Adaption, neutrality and life‐course diversity
Authors: Steiner Ulrich Karl , Tuljapurkar Shripad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHeterogeneity among individuals in fitness components is what selection acts upon. Evolutionary theories predict that selection in constant environments acts against such heterogeneity. But observations reveal substantial non‐genetic and also non‐environmental variability in phenotypes. Here, we examine whether there is a relationship between selection pressure and phenotypic variability by analysing structured population models based on data from a large and diverse set of species. Our findings suggest that non‐genetic, non‐environmental variation is in general neither truly neutral, selected for, nor selected against. We find much variations among species and populations within species, with mean patterns suggesting nearly neutral evolution of life‐course variability. Populations that show greater diversity of life courses do not show, in general, increased or decreased population growth rates. Our analysis suggests we are only at the beginning of understanding the evolution and maintenance of non‐genetic non‐environmental variation.
Successful surgical removal of a pheochromocytoma in a mare via trans‐costal approach
Authors: O'Brien Thomas J. , Pezzanite Lynn M. , Acutt Elizabeth V. , Vilander Allison C. , Hassel Diana M. , Hector Rachel C. , Hendrickson Dean A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPheochromocytomas have been previously reported in horses, but successful antemortem diagnosis and surgical removal without recurrence of clinical signs have not been described.ObjectiveTo report the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, surgical technique, anaesthetic management and post‐operative care of a mare diagnosed with pheochromocytoma.Study designClinical case report.MethodsAn 18‐year‐old Quarter Horse mare presented for recurrent episodes of colic, profuse sweating, muscle fasciculations and agitation over a 2‐month period. Clinical, clinicopathologic and ultrasonographic (transcutaneous, transrectal) abnormalities were consistent with a unilateral left‐sided adrenal mass. Surgical removal of the mass was performed via a trans‐costal approach with removal of the 18th rib and retraction of the left kidney to improve exposure. Associated vasculature was ligated, and the adrenal mass was removed and submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemistry.ResultsA trans‐costal surgical approach provided excellent visualisation of the adrenal mass and allowed for identification and ligation of associated vessels. Total surgical and anaesthesia time were 86 and 114 min, respectively. Several intraoperative (hypertension, tachycardia) and post‐operative (colic with tachycardia, tachypnea, large colon pelvic flexure impaction and nasogastric reflux) complications were encountered and managed successfully. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positive labelling for synaptophysin and chromogranin A, confirming diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. The mare had recovered well at 6‐week recheck post‐operatively and returned to training at 6 months post‐operatively. No further clinical signs consistent with pheochromocytoma have been observed following removal.ConclusionsThe trans‐costal approach allowed for surgical removal of a pheochromocytoma in a mare. Surgical removal of adrenal masses in horses may be associated with complications yet was successfully performed without subsequent recurrence of clinical signs associated with tumour presence and return to athletic use in this mare.
Astronomically controlled deep‐sea life in the Late Cretaceous reconstructed from ultra‐high‐resolution inoceramid shell archives
Authors: Wierzbicki Adam , Wolfgring Erik , Wagreich Michael , Kędzierski Mariusz , Mertz‐Kraus Regina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe periodicity of the mutual position of celestial bodies in the Earth‐Moon‐Sun system is crucial to the functioning of life on Earth. Biological rhythms affect most of the processes inside organisms, and some can be recorded in skeletal remains, allowing one to reconstruct the cycles that occur in nature deep in time. In the present study, we have used ultra‐high‐resolution elemental ratio scans of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Mn/Ca from the fossil, ca. 70 Ma old inoceramid bivalve Inoceramus (Platyceramus) salisburgensis from deep aphotic water and identified a clear regularity of repetition of the geochemical signal every of ~0.006 mm. We estimate that the shell accretion rate is on average ~0.4 cm of shell thickness per lunar year. Visible light–dark lamination, interpreted as a seasonal signal corresponding to the semilunar‐related cycle, gives a rough shell age estimate and growth rate for this large bivalve species supported by a dual feeding strategy. We recognize a biological clock that follows either a semilunar (model A) or a tidal (model B) cycle. This cycle of tidal dominance seems to fit better considering the biological behaviour of I. (P.) salisburgensis, including the estimated age and growth rate of the studied specimens. We interpret that the major control in such deep‐sea environment, well below the photic zone and storm wave base, was due to barotropic tidal forces, thus changing the water pressure.
Assessing the impact of transitional care units on dialysis patient outcomes: A multicenter, propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Blankenship Derek M. , Usvyat Len , Kraus Michael A. , Chatoth Dinesh K. , Lasky Rachel , Turk Joseph E. , Maddux Franklin W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionInadequate predialysis care and education impacts the selection of a dialysis modality and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Transitional care units (TCUs) aim to meet the unmet educational needs of incident dialysis patients, but their impact beyond increasing home dialysis utilization has been incompletely characterized.MethodsThis retrospective study included adults initiating in‐center hemodialysis at a TCU, matched to controls (1:4) with no TCU history initiating in‐center hemodialysis. Patients were followed for up to 14 months. TCUs are dedicated spaces where staff provide personalized education and as‐needed adjustments to dialysis prescriptions. For many patients, therapy was initiated with four to five weekly dialysis sessions, with at least some sessions delivered by home dialysis machines. Outcomes included survival, first hospitalization, transplant waiting‐list status, post‐TCU dialysis modality, and vascular access type.FindingsThe study included 724 patients initiating dialysis across 48 TCUs, with 2892 well‐matched controls. At the end of 14 months, patients initiating dialysis in a TCU were significantly more likely to be referred and/or wait‐listed for a kidney transplant than controls (57% vs. 42%; p < 0.0001). Initiation of dialysis at a TCU was also associated with significantly lower rates of receiving in‐center hemodialysis at 14 months (74% vs. 90%; p < 0.0001) and higher rates of arteriovenous access (70% vs. 63%; p = 0.003). Although not statistically significant, TCU patients were more likely to survive and less likely to be hospitalized during follow‐up than controls.DiscussionAlthough TCUs are sometimes viewed as only a means for enhancing utilization of home dialysis, patients attending TCUs exhibited more favorable outcomes across all endpoints. In addition to being 2.5‐fold more likely to receive home dialysis, TCU patients were 42% more likely to be referred for transplantation. Our results support expanding utilization of TCUs for patients with inadequate predialysis support.
Outcomes of operative intervention for ulcers over hemodialysis arteriovenous access
Authors: Gunawardena Thilina , Sharma Hemant , Mehra Sanjay 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the gold standard for long‐term hemodialysis access. When native vein options are exhausted, arteriovenous graft (AVG) becomes the next choice. An ulcer over an AVF or AVG is a serious condition with the potential for life‐threatening hemorrhage.ObjectivesThis study aims to present our experience with surgical management of ulcers over AVFs or AVGs.Materials and MethodsElectronic records of 26 patients who underwent 27 consecutive surgical procedures for ulcers over AVFs or AVGs from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2021 at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe majority were males (14/26, 53.8%) and the median age was 64.5 years. Operative repair was required for 25 ulcers over 24 AVFs and 2 ulcers over 2 AVGs. Ten patients (37%) presented with bleeding. Seventeen (63%) had impending bleeding suggested by a thin soft tissue covering or a false aneurysm at the site of the ulcer. Previous endovascular intervention for fistula outflow stenosis was a significant predictor for presenting with bleeding (p = 0.031). All ulcers (27/27, 100%) underwent excision and primary skin closure. Fistula wall defects were directly repaired in 18/27 (66.7%). Four/26 (14.8%) fistulas had to be ligated and 2 (7.4%) had end‐to‐end re‐anastomosis after excision of damaged segments. Three/26 (11.53%) fistulas thrombosed immediately after the intervention. The overall fistula salvage rate was 73.08% (19/26). There was 1 (3.7%) patient mortality due to bleeding from wound breakdown after surgery.ConclusionsAn acceptable fistula salvage rate can be expected following surgical repair of ulcers over AVFs and AVGs. A history of previous endovascular interventions for fistula outflow stenosis was a predictor of bleeding from these ulcers.
Impact of preventive pill‐based treatment on migraine days: A secondary outcome study of the Childhood and Adolescent Migraine Prevention (CHAMP) trial and a comparison of self‐report to nosology‐derived assessments
Authors: Gibler Robert C. , Peugh James L. , Coffey Christopher S. , Chamberlin Leigh Ann , Ecklund Dixie , Klingner Elizabeth , Yankey Jon , Korbee Leslie L. , Kabbouche Marielle , Kacperski Joanne , Porter Linda L. , Reidy Brooke L. , Hershey Andrew D. , Powers Scott W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine group differences in self‐reported migraine days among youth who completed the Childhood and Adolescent Migraine Prevention (CHAMP) trial prior to its closure and explore the relationship between self‐reported and “nosology‐derived” (i.e., International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition [ICHD‐3]) migraine days.BackgroundThe CHAMP trial compared amitriptyline and topiramate to placebo for migraine prevention in youth and proposed to analyze change in migraine days as a secondary outcome. There is considerable variability in the field regarding what constitutes a “migraine day,” how this is determined and reported in trials, and how consistent these measures are with diagnostic nosology.MethodsCHAMP trial completers (N = 175) were randomized to receive amitriptyline (n = 77), topiramate (n = 63), or placebo (n = 35). Participants maintained daily headache diaries where they reported each day with headache and if they considered that headache to be a migraine. For each headache day, participants completed a symptom record and reported about symptoms such as pain location(s) and presence of nausea/vomiting or photophobia and phonophobia. We examined group differences in self‐reported migraine days at trial completion (summed from trial weeks 20–24) compared to baseline. We also used an algorithm to determine whether participants’ symptom reports met ICHD‐3 criteria for migraine without aura, and examined the association between self‐reported and “nosology‐derived” migraine days.ResultsResults showed no significant differences between groups in self‐reported migraine days over the course of the trial. Self‐reported and “nosology‐derived” migraine days during the baseline and treatment phases were strongly associated (r's = 0.73 and 0.83, respectively; p's < 0.001).ConclusionRegardless of treatment, CHAMP trial completers showed clinically important reductions in self‐reported migraine days over the course of the trial (about 3.8 days less). The strong association between self‐reported and “nosology‐derived” migraine days suggests youth with migraine can recognize a day with migraine and reliably report their headache features and symptoms. Greater rigor and transparency in the calculation and reporting of migraine days in trials is needed.
A consensus approach: Understanding the support needs of women in Newport West, Wales, to participate in breast screening
Authors: Yu Juping , Wallace Sarah , Kenkre Joyce 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionBreast screening is an effective way to improve the early detection of breast cancer and reduce mortality. Unfortunately, low uptake of screening is often reported. This study aimed to explore the support needs of women residing in Newport West, Wales, to participate in breast screening.MethodsGroup Concept Mapping, a structured participatory consensus approach, was used as the method. Participants completed three activities either online or offline: brainstorming to generate statements, sorting statements into themed categories; rating statements for perceived importance and accessibility (easy to get).ResultsThirty‐seven participants from seven ethnic groups took part. Sixty‐three statements (items of support) were generated and sorted into seven conceptually similar clusters (themes) (Trusting that I will be respected; Reassurance about my experience; Accessibility and convenience; Practical support; Addressing cultural diversity; Information tailored to individual needs; Raising awareness and understanding of breast screening). The ‘Trusting that I will be respected’ cluster was rated most important, while the ‘Practical support’ cluster was rated least accessible. Some disparity between responses was found based on ethnicity, language, disability and previous attendance of breast screening.ConclusionsWomen require a range of support to participate in breast screening. The results highlight the importance of ensuring women feel and are respected, instilling trust in the staff performing the screening, offering reassurance about positive experiences of breast screening and providing practical support, especially individualized/targeted support for people who do not speak and/or read English and those with a disability.Patient or Public ContributionThe public contributed to the development of the information sheet, consent form, recruitment and data collection method.
Genetic variations in low‐to‐medium‐affinity Fcγ receptors and autoimmune neutropenia in early childhood in a Danish cohort
Authors: Kløve‐Mogensen Kirstine , Steffensen Rudi , Masmas Tania Nicole , Glenthøj Andreas , Jensen Christina Friis , Haunstrup Thure Mors , Ratcliffe Paul , Höglund Petter , Hasle Henrik , Nielsen Kaspar René 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAutoimmune neutropenia (AIN) in early childhood is caused by autoantibodies directed against antigens on the neutrophil membrane and is a frequent cause of neutropenia in children. Association of AIN with Fcγ receptor (FCGR) 3B variants is well described. In this study, we investigate genetic variations in the FCGR locus and copy number variation of FCGR3B. A total of 130 antibody‐positive AIN patients, 64 with specific anti‐HNA‐1a antibodies and 66 with broad‐reacting anti‐FcγRIIIb antibodies, were genotyped with a multiplex ligation probe assay and compared with healthy controls. Positive findings were confirmed with real‐time q‐PCR. We determined copy numbers of the FCGR2 and FCGR3 genes and the following SNPs: FCGR2A Q62W (rs201218628), FCGR2A H166R (rs1801274), FCGR2B I232T (rs1050501), FCGR3A V176F (rs396991), haplotypes for FCGR2B/C promoters (rs3219018/rs780467580), FCGR2C STOP/ORF and HNA‐1 genotypes in FCGR3B (rs447536, rs448740, rs52820103, rs428888 and rs2290834). Generally, associations were antibody specific, with all associations being representative of the anti‐HNA‐1a‐positive group, while the only association found in the anti‐FcγRIIIb group was with the HNA‐1 genotype. An increased risk of AIN was observed for patients with one copy of FCGR3B; the HNA genotypes HNA‐1a, HNA‐1aa or HNA‐1aac; the FCGR2A 166H and FCGR2B 232I variations; and no copies of FCGR2B 2B.4. A decreased risk was observed for HNA genotype HNA‐1bb; FCGR2A 166R; FCGR2B 232T; and one copy of FCGR2B promoter 2B.4. We conclude that in our Danish cohort, there was a strong association between variation in the FCGR locus and AIN. The findings of different genetic associations between autoantibody groups could indicate the presence of two different disease entities and disease heterogeneity.
Summary of the clinical practice manual for late‐onset hypogonadism
Authors: Ide Hisamitsu , Akehi Yuko , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Ohira Shin , Ogawa Sumito , Kataoka Tomoya , Kumagai Hiroshi , Kobayashi Ko , Komiya Akira , Shigehara Kazuyoshi , Syuto Takahiro , Soh Jintetu , Tanabe Makito , Taniguchi Hisanori , Chiba Koji , Matsushita Kazuhito , Mitsui Yozo , Yoneyama Takahiro , Shirakawa Tomoya , Fujii Yasuhisa , Kumano Hiroaki , Ueshiba Hajime , Amano Toshiyasu , Sasaki Haruaki , Maeda Seiji , Mizokami Atsushi , Suzuki Kazuhiro , Horie Shigeo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTestosterone plays an important role in maintaining both physical and mental function. Age‐related testosterone depletion contributes to the development of angina, arteriosclerosis, obesity, metabolic syndrome, dementia, frailty, and a range of other conditions. A condition involving age‐related testosterone depletion and the associated clinical symptoms is defined as late‐onset hypogonadism (LOH). LOH is treated by testosterone replacement therapy. Indications for testosterone replacement therapy are determined by evaluating symptoms and signs.
Children's post‐burn scars in Mongolia
Authors: Enkhtuvshin Saranchimeg , Odkhuu Erdenezaya , Batchuluun Khongorzul , Chimeddorj Battogtokh , Yadamsuren Enkhtur , Lkhagvasuren Naranbat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to identify some risk factors for post‐burn scarring in children aged 0–18 years. One hundred and eighty two participants were involved in this cohort study. Under the age of 18 who were admitted to the Department of Burn Reconstructive Surgery with a diagnosis of upper and lower extremity burns were followed for 6 months. A total of 182 participants (62.1% male, and 37.9% female participants) enrolled in this study. Age ranged from 1 to 17 and the average age was 3.95 ± 3.35. The degree of burn and the anatomical location of the burn had a statistically significant effect on the development of hypertrophic scars. The length of the patient's hospitalisation days and the area of ​​the burn were statistically correlated with wound healing (P = 000, P = .074). For example, the average length of hospitalisation days was 8 ± 5 days in the hypertrophic scars group of patients, and in the group with normal scars, average bed days were 6 ± 3 days (P = .000). Grade IIIb burns increased the risk of hypertrophic scar development by 4.9 times and grade IV burns increased it by 2.5 times. In addition, when the area of burns was 11% or more, the risk of hypertrophic scar development was increased by 58.8%. In the case of wound swab infection, the risk of hypertrophic scar development was 12.4% higher (B = 1.124, 95 EI = 0.55; 2.28, P = .748). Participants' age, burn area and degree of burn are statistically significant risk factors for post‐burn scarring in children aged 0–18 years.
Risk factors for recurrent pressure ulcers after reconstructive surgery: A retrospective study in a single medical centre
Authors: Lin‐Yin Wang , Chia‐Ming Liang , Lin Hong‐Ling , Chu‐Yu Chen , Tzeng Yuan‐Sheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecurrence of pressure ulcers following reconstructive surgery occurs frequently, causing a significant burden on the patient and the public health care system. We assessed risk factors for the recurrence of pressure ulcers based on the experience of a single surgeon at our medical centre. We retrospectively analysed patients admitted to our medical centre with stage III and IV pressure ulcers who underwent reconstructive surgery. The hospital database was searched for patients diagnosed with pressure ulcers who underwent reconstructive surgery. Patient characteristics analysed included age, sex, cause and location of defect, comorbidities, lesion size, wound reconstruction methods, operation time, debridement times, duration of hospital stay, and wound complications. Recurrence and mortality rates were retrospectively examined. One hundred and eighty‐nine patients were enrolled, and 166 patients with 176 pressure ulcers met our inclusion criteria. All 14 recurrences (7.95%) were followed for at least 1 year. Logistic regression analysis indicated that recurrence was associated with albumin levels (P = 0.001) and wound size (P = 0.043); however, no association was found for body mass index, bacterial profile, comorbidities, localisation, previous surgery, operation time, or time to admission for reconstruction. In conclusion, higher albumin levels were associated with lower recurrence rates in patients who underwent reconstructive surgery.
Central bank communication and social media: From silence to Twitter
Authors: Masciandaro Donato , Peia Oana , Romelli Davide 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses the evolution of central bank communication, focusing on recent efforts by central banks to engage with a wider audience via social media. We document the social media presence of major central banks and discuss how analyzing Twitter content by and about monetary policy makers can inform about the effectiveness of communication in influencing beliefs. We focus on recent techniques employed in analyzing social media content in order to understand how central bank communication affects expectations and, subsequently, behavior in financial markets.