bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptomatic early coronary graft failure in bypass surgery patients: incidence, predictors and clinical impact
Authors: van Oort Martijn J. H. , Al Amri Ibtihal , de Weger Arend , Regeer Madelien V. , Jukema J. Wouter , Mertens Bart J. A. , Montero-Cabezas Jose M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Coronary graft failure (CGF) may occur early after coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG). The study aimed to identify clinical and perioperative risk factors and to evaluate the long-term clinical impact of symptomatic early CGF.

Methods
Patients who underwent clinically indicated coronary angiography (CAG) prior to post-CABG discharge between 2012 and 2022 were included. Symptomatic early CGF was defined as a dysfunctional coronary graft, evaluated on clinically indicated CAG, caused by stenosis of the proximal or distal anastomosis or bypass conduit, bypass occlusion, thrombosis, reduced flow (TIMI < 1) and kinking/tenting. Patients were divided into symptomatic early CGF and non-early CGF groups. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate analysis estimated cumulative survival free of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: death, myocardial infarction and revascularisation) up to 5 years’ follow-up and identified predictors of symptomatic early CGF.

Results
A total of 92 patients (79% male, 66.1 ± 10 years old) were included, of whom 55 (59.8%) had symptomatic early CGF. Baseline characteristics, surgical parameters and post-surgical parameters potentially indicative of ischaemia were comparable between groups. Patients with symptomatic early CGF had a significantly lower MACE rate over a median follow-up period of 33 months (p = 0.023). Venous graft integration (p = 0.005), Y‑graft configuration (p = 0.002) and prolonged inotropic support (p = 0.032) were associated with symptomatic early CGF.

Conclusions
Symptomatic early CGF was observed in the majority of post-CABG patients undergoing clinically indicated CAG prior to discharge. Patients with symptomatic early CGF exhibited higher MACE rates over a median follow-up period of 33 months. Venous graft integration, Y‑graft configuration and prolonged use of inotropic agents were associated with symptomatic early CGF. However, these clinical findings should be interpreted with caution.
Caenorhabditis Elegans as a Model for Environmental Epigenetics
Authors: Filipowicz Adam , Allard Patrick 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
The burgeoning field of environmental epigenetics has revealed the malleability of the epigenome and uncovered numerous instances of its sensitivity to environmental influences; however, pinpointing specific mechanisms that tie together environmental triggers, epigenetic pathways, and organismal responses has proven difficult. This article describes how Caenorhabditis elegans can fill this gap, serving as a useful model for the discovery of molecular epigenetic mechanisms that are conserved in humans.

Recent Findings
Recent results show that environmental stressors such as methylmercury, arsenite, starvation, heat, bacterial infection, and mitochondrial inhibitors can all have profound effects on the epigenome, with some insults showing epigenetic and organismal effects for multiple generations. In some cases, the pathways connecting the stressor to epigenetic pathways and organismal responses have been elucidated. For example, a small RNA from the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces transgenerational learned avoidance by activating the RNA interference PIWI-interacting RNA pathways across generations to downregulate, via Cer1 retrotransposon particles and histone methylation, maco-1, a gene that functions in sensory neurons to regulate chemotaxis. Mitochondrial inhibitors seem to have a profound effect on both the DNA methylation mark 6mA and histone methylation, and may act within mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to regulate mitochondrial stress response genes. Transgenerational transcriptional responses to alcohol have also been worked out at the single-nucleus resolution in C. elegans, demonstrating its utility when combined with modern sequencing technologies.

Summary
These recent studies highlight how C. elegans can serve as a bridge between biochemical in vitro experiments and the more associative findings of epidemiological studies in humans to unveil possible mechanisms of environmental influence on the epigenome. The nematode is particularly well-suited to transgenerational experiments thanks to its rapid generation time and ability to self-fertilize. These studies have revealed connections between the various epigenetic mechanisms, and so studies in C. elegans that take advantage of recent advancements in sequencing technologies, including single-cell techniques, to gain unprecedented resolution of the whole epigenome across development and generations will be critical.
Revisiting Dipole-Induced Fluorinated-Anion Decomposition Reaction for Promoting a LiF-Rich Interphase in Lithium-Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Liu , Guo Jiahui , Qi Qi , Li Xiaotong , Ge Yuanmeng , Li Haoyi , Chao Yunfeng , Du Jiang , Cui Xinwei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Building anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with enriched LiF is considered the most promising strategy to address inferior safety features and poor cyclability of lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we discover that, instead of direct electron transfer from surface polar groups to bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI−) for inducing a LiF-rich SEI, the dipole-induced fluorinated-anion decomposition reaction begins with the adsorption of Li ions and is highly dependent on their mobility on the polar surface. To demonstrate this, a single-layer graphdiyne on MXene (sGDY@MXene) heterostructure has been successfully fabricated and integrated into polypropylene separators. It is found that the adsorbed Li ions connect electron-donating sGDY@MXene to TFSI−, facilitating interfacial charge transfer for TFSI− decomposition. However, this does not capture the entire picture. The sGDY@MXene also renders the adsorbed Li ions with high mobility, enabling them to reach optimal reaction sites and expedite their coordination processes with O on O=S=O and F on the broken –CF3
−, facilitating bond cleavage. In contrast, immobilized Li ions on the more lithiophilic pristine MXene retard these cleavage processes. Consequently, the decomposition reaction is accelerated on sGDY@MXene. This work highlights the dedicate balance between lithiophilicity and Li-ion mobility in effectively promoting a LiF-rich SEI for the long-term stability of LMBs.
Algebraic Wasserstein distances and stable homological invariants of data
Authors: Agerberg Jens , Guidolin Andrea , Ren Isaac , Scolamiero Martina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Distances have a ubiquitous role in persistent homology, from the direct comparison of homological representations of data to the definition and optimization of invariants. In this article we introduce a family of parametrized pseudometrics between persistence modules based on the algebraic Wasserstein distance defined by Skraba and Turner, and phrase them in the formalism of noise systems. This is achieved by comparing p-norms of cokernels (resp. kernels) of monomorphisms (resp. epimorphisms) between persistence modules and corresponding bar-to-bar morphisms, a novel notion that allows us to bridge between algebraic and combinatorial aspects of persistence modules. We use algebraic Wasserstein distances to define invariants, called Wasserstein stable ranks, which are 1-Lipschitz stable with respect to such pseudometrics. We prove a low-rank approximation result for persistence modules which allows us to efficiently compute Wasserstein stable ranks, and we propose an efficient algorithm to compute the interleaving distance between them. Importantly, Wasserstein stable ranks depend on interpretable parameters which can be learnt in a machine learning context. Experimental results illustrate the use of Wasserstein stable ranks on real and artificial data and highlight how such pseudometrics could be useful in data analysis tasks.
An exceptionally rare case of a giant parathyroid adenoma with carcinoma-like presentation
Authors: Kazakou Paraskevi , Vrachnis Dionysios , Paschou Stavroula A. , Nastos Konstantinos , Sarlani Helen , Kantreva Kanella , Stefanaki Katerina , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Kyriakopoulos George , Korkolopoulou Penelope , Saltiki Katerina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Giant parathyroid adenoma (GPA) is an extremely rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and may sometimes mimic parathyroid carcinoma (PC). Parathyroid carcinoma is also a very rare entity. Both preoperative and postoperative diagnosis of the two conditions remains a challenge. The purpose of this article is to present the diagnostic and therapeutic approach used for a 76-year-old female patient with a GPA measuring 5.4 × 2.3 cm, mimicking PC. The patient was referred to our clinic for the management of severe hypercalcemia revealed during the neurological evaluation of psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, confusion, weakness, and bone pain. PHPT was confirmed based on the patient’s biochemical profile, which showed extremely high levels of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Wholebody computed tomography revealed a large nodule below the inferior pole of the right lobe of the thyroid gland and no further pathology in other organs. En bloc resection of the tumor with removal of the ipsilateral hemithyroid and other involved tissues was performed. Histopathological evaluation was diagnostic for a GPA. Post-surgery hungry bone syndrome (HBS) developed and was treated. However, the patient succumbed 3 weeks later due to septic shock. GPA is an exceptionally rare endocrine tumor that should be suspected along with PC in patients with significantly elevated levels of PTH and calcium, and/or palpable neck mass. In our case, diagnosis was based principally on histopathological examination together with clinical presentation, biochemical profile, and imaging studies. Resection of the tumor remains the treatment of choice.
Optimizing biochar for carbon sequestration: a synergistic approach using machine learning and natural language processing
Authors: Li Jiayi , Chen Yixuan , Wang Chaojie , Chen Hanbo , Gao Yurong , Meng Jun , Han Zhongyuan , Van Zwieten Lukas , He Yi , Li Caibin , Cornelissen Gerard , Wang Hailong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biochar is a promising technology for carbon storage and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction, but optimizing it is challenging due to the complexity of natural systems. Machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) offer solutions through enhanced data analysis and pattern recognition, ushering in a new era of biochar research.

Graphical Abstract
Would monetary incentives to COVID-19 vaccination reduce motivation?
Authors: Yamamura Eiji , Tsutsui Yoshiro , Ohtake Fumio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Some people did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine, even though it was offered at no cost. Monetary incentives may encourage people to vaccinate, although existing studies have provided different findings regarding this effect. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how monetary incentives could vary based on individual characteristics. Using panel data from online surveys, we found that (1) subsidies reduced vaccine intention but increased it after controlling for heterogeneity, (2) the stronger the social image against vaccination, the lower the monetary incentive, and (3) unvaccinated people would persist in their intent to get vaccinated only if a large subsidy is provided.
Minimization of CO2 Emissions in Openpit Mines by Using Stochastic Simulations
Authors: Biniaris D. , Xiroudakis G. , Saratsis G. , Exadaktylos G. , Varouchakis EA 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Modifications in European environmental legislation requiring the minimization of the environmental footprint of mining operations have resulted in increased environmental costs and fewer investments in new surface mines. Due to the significant dependence of the global economy on mining, which provides raw materials and energy for most industries, it is essential to develop the necessary technologies for reducing pollutant emissions and exploitation costs. In open pit or underground mining operations, the highest cost comes from loading and hauling the extracted ore. Hence, the optimal combination of loading and hauling equipment has a significant impact on the production rate of the mine/quarry. The primary aim of this research is to improve the production of a surface mining operation by modifying the operational parameters (different dumping positions of materials) of the loading-hauling equipment in such a manner as to reduce fuel consumption and emitted pollutants. This aim is achieved by optimizing the hauling cycle by examining different scenarios utilizing stochastic simulation based on queue theory. The queue theory is a stochastic method commonly used to simulate the shovel-truck haulage system of a mine operation. This method has been implicated to estimate pollutants emitted in the atmosphere and propose alternative scenarios for reducing emissions normalized with the hauled material. The method is validated against actual data from a large open pit. The implementation of queue theory and estimating fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are derived from the
$$M/M/1$$
and
$$M/M/2$$
queue models. These two scenarios were examined for two different transportation routes and dumping positions. Based on these scenarios, it was found that the case
$$M/M/1$$
with one electrical shovel having the nearest dumping position gives the minimum GHG emissions. Regarding the environmental impact, in all examined cases, the optimum truck fleet was the one with five trucks. From the productivity point of view, for the
$$M/M/1$$
and
$$M/M/2$$
scenarios, the number of trucks was six and eight, respectively. The greatest production was achieved in
$$M/M/2$$
scenarios, with the one having the maximum distance to the dumping position being the one closest to actual data from the mine site. Another scenario, considering the implementation of the Trolley Assist haulage (TA) system resulted in a local minimum decrease by 54% for the
$$M/M/2$$
TA Route 1 (longest) and for the
$$M/M/2$$
TA Route 2 (shortest) by 62% of kg CO

2
per tons of hauled material for the selected truck fleet size.
Commuting flow prediction using OpenStreetMap data
Authors: Atwal Kuldip Singh , Anderson Taylor , Pfoser Dieter , Züfle Andreas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accurately predicting commuting flows is crucial for sustainable urban planning and preventing disease spread due to human mobility. While recent advancements have produced effective models for predicting these recurrent flows, the existing methods rely on datasets exclusive to a few study areas, limiting the transferability to other locations. This research broadens the utility of state-of-the-art commuting flow prediction models with globally available OpenStreetMap data while achieving prediction accuracy comparable to location-specific and proprietary data. We show that the types of buildings, residential and non-residential, are a strong indicator for predicting commuting flows. Consistent with theoretical and analytical models, our experiments indicate that building types, distance, and population are the determining characteristics for mobility related to commuting. Our experiments show that predicted flows closely match ground truth flows. Our work enables accurate flow prediction using building types to support applications such as urban planning and epidemiology.
Exploring the role of project-based learning in higher education to promote indigenous knowledge through sculpture students’ engagement with Ghanaian Adinkra symbols
Authors: Boakye-Yiadom Fredrick , Donkor Evans Kwadwo , Mensah Ronald Osei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study explores the integration of Project-Based Learning (PBL) within the higher education context, focusing on sculpture learners’ projects based on Ghanaian Adinkra symbols and their engagement with Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS). The primary aim of this research is to examine how PBL enhances sculpture learners' understanding and appreciation of Adinkra symbols while also assessing the broader impact of PBL on their interaction with indigenous knowledge systems. Sculpture learners participating in this study were tasked with developing projects that incorporated Adinkra symbols, thereby connecting their creative practice with the rich cultural narratives embodied in these symbols. Through this process, learners were not only encouraged to produce art but also to interpret, analyse, and engage with the cultural meanings and historical significance of the Adinkra symbols. A qualitative research methodology was employed, using semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and project evaluations to gather data. Findings from the study suggest that PBL significantly enhances learners' appreciation for and understanding of indigenous knowledge systems by providing them with the tools to interpret cultural artefacts within their historical and social contexts. To collaborate with indigenous communities, art educational institutions should build partnerships with local indigenous communities, cultural experts, and artisans to co-create projects and learning experiences for learners.
Secondary education teacher’s views on mixed reality in inclusive environments
Authors: Marín Verónica , Sampedro Begoña E. , Morales-Diaz Marina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
When talking about digital resources in secondary education classrooms in the 21st Century, we must mention tools such as Mixed Reality (MR). However, we must not only have in mind the perspective and training of teachers on their use, but we must consider that the ecologies of the classroom are becoming increasingly diverse, thus demanding an inclusive view of the entire teaching–learning process. The present article presents the opinions of a group of Spanish the Secondary Education teachers (N = 247), on Mixed Reality and inclusive education. Their opinion was collected through the use of a questionnaire composed of 15 items distributed into two dimensions, with 12 of them using a Likert-type response scale of 5 options. Among other aspects, the results showed that the female teachers were more prone on using MR in inclusive environments. As a conclusion, it was observed that even though the use of MR can promote inclusive education, whether or not they were more promising for their use in the learning of students with diverse disabilities, difficulties, or gifted, was dependent on the discipline of the professor (experiences and beliefs), as well as gender (views).
Clinical presentation and surgical management of intra-abdominal abscesses: a retrospective study
Authors: Afrasyabi Raheleh , Shahrahmani Fatemeh , Darzi Ali Asghar , Shirafkan Hoda , Asghari Yasser 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Intra-abdominal abscesses pose a significant challenge due to their complex nature, potential complications, and diagnostic difficulties. This retrospective study aims to assess the etiological factors, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes associated with intra-abdominal abscesses.

Methods
This cross-sectional, retrospective study reviewed medical records of 47 patients diagnosed with intra-abdominal abscesses at Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran, between 2011 and 2020. Data collected included demographic details, clinical and laboratory findings, imaging results, treatment methods, and patient outcomes.

Results
The study included 47 patients, with a mean age of 47 years, comprising 20 females and 27 males. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (85.1%), fever (61.7%), and anorexia (59.57%). Contrast-enhanced CT scan was the predominant diagnostic tool used (55.31%), followed by ultrasound (34.04%). Most abscesses were intraperitoneal (70.21%) and of gastrointestinal origin (61.7%), with appendicitis being the leading cause. Open surgery was the most common treatment method (65.95%), with a higher complication rate observed in surgical cases. There was a significant association between previous surgical history and the development of gastrointestinal abscesses (P = 0.004). No significant differences were found between abscess origin and demographic factors, treatment methods, or complications (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
Intra-abdominal abscesses are commonly associated with non-specific symptoms and are most frequently intraperitoneal, originating from gastrointestinal pathology. CT scan remains the gold standard for diagnosis, and open surgery is often required for treatment. The findings underscore the importance of timely diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies, to minimize complications and improve outcomes.
Race, Culture, and the Horizons of Agency: Kant’s Racism, Systematically Understood
Authors: MCNULTY MICHAEL BENNETT 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Readers should be aware that content about Kant’s racism may be difficult and distressing to read. In various texts, Kant makes statements alleging that Indigenous Americans have ‘no culture’ and Black people possess only the ‘culture of slaves’. These are straightforwardly repugnant commitments. In order to address the role of Kant’s account of ‘culture’ in his racism and provide additional support to Charles Mills’ ‘Untermensch (subhuman) interpretation’ of Kant’s views on race, this article situates Kant’s comments on ‘racialized cultures’ within his teleological account of human history. In his system, ‘culture’ refers to the possession of developed capacities to achieve the ends that one sets for oneself. He sees achievement of culture as part of the development of human beings into members of a socialized, moral kingdom. Given his understanding of culture, I argue that Kant’s remarks on the cultural limitations of persons of color commit him to the further claims that Indigenous Americans and Black people are incapable of setting their own ends and that these deficiencies are hereditary and permanent. For Kant, this has the consequence that these individuals do not possess genuine moral worth in his system, thus supporting Mills’ Untermensch interpretation of Kant’s views on race.
From principles to practice: The case for coordinated international LLMs supervision
Authors: Borgogno Oscar , Perrazzelli Alessandra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper examines the rise of monitoring schemes to coordinate supervisors and market authorities in addressing the cross-industry challenges posed by large language models’ deployment. As artificial intelligence (AI) intersects with the core mandate of market authorities dealing with financial stability, data protection, intellectual property, competition and telecommunications, effective oversight requires collaboration and information sharing. Using examples such as the Canadian Digital Regulator’s Forum, the UK’s Digital Regulation Cooperation Forum and the European Union’s AI Act implementation process, the paper illustrates how national and international institutional coordination can help operationalizing the high level principles on AI governance which are currently discussed in international fora. Ultimately, this approach aims to ensure responsible AI development while addressing risks and maximizing its societal benefits.