bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating RADAR and optical imagery improve the modelling of carbon stocks in a mopane‐dominated African savannah dry forest
Authors: Gara Tawanda W. , Mpakairi Kudzai S. , Nampira Tinotenda C. , Oduro Appiah Joseph , Muumbe Tasiyiwa P. , Dube Timothy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examined the integration of two satellite data sets, that is Landsat 7 ETM+ and ALOS PALSAR (Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array type L‐band Synthetic Aperture RADAR) in estimating carbon stocks in mopane woodlands of north‐western Zimbabwe. Mopane woodlands cover large spatial extents and provide ecosystem benefits to the rural economies and grazing resources for both livestock and wildlife. In this study, artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to estimate carbon stocks based on spectral metrics derived from Landsat 7 ETM+ and ALOS PALSAR. To determine the utility of the two satellite‐derived metrics, a two‐pronged modelling framework was adopted. Firstly, we used spectral bands and vegetation indices from the two satellite data sets independently, and subsequently, we integrated the metrics from the two satellite data sets into the final model. Results showed that the ALOS PALSAR (R2 = 0.75 and nRMSE = 0.16) and Landsat ETM+ (R2 = 0.78 and nRMSE = 0.14) derived spectral bands and vegetation indices comparatively yielded accurate estimations of carbon stocks. Integrating spectral bands and vegetation indices from both sensors significantly improved the estimation of carbon stocks (R2 = 0.84 and nRMSE = 0.12). These findings underscore the importance of integrating satellite data in vegetation biophysical assessment and monitoring in poorly documented ecosystems such as the mopane woodlands.
Cultural and outdoor activities in Canada: Who does what?
Authors: Moulin Stéphane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article innovatively combines the analysis of both cultural and outdoor activities in Canada, activities that have been mostly studied separately until now. This study thus feeds into the debate between the distinction framework (focusing on the highbrow/lowbrow opposition) and the omnivorism thesis (distinguishing between omnivorous and univorous groups) in cultural sociology. From Latent Class Analysis (LCA), this study identifies five clusters, which differentiate people practicing either or both cultural and outdoor activities. The clusters are labelled as follow: “tele‐univore,” “digital indoor,” “conventional indoor,” “outdoor univore,” and “omnivore.” Binary logistic regressions reveal that education, age and rural/urban identity are the key factors in identifying who practices which activities. The findings are threefold. First, while confirming the omnivore theory, our results show that cultural capital matters more than economic capital in explaining who participates in which activities. Second, rural people tend to be slightly more engaged than urban people in consumptive and motorized outdoor activities and less in all cultural activities. Third, the shift to digitization and the increase in outdoor activities appears to have exacerbated the divide between older and younger generations.
The role of dietary salt in metabolism and energy balance: Insights beyond cardiovascular disease
Authors: Wu Qi , Burley George , Li Li‐Cheng , Lin Shu , Shi Yan‐Chuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDietary salt (NaCl) is essential to an organism's survival. However, today's diets are dominated by excessive salt intake, which significantly impacts individual and population health. High salt intake is closely linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially hypertension, through a number of well‐studied mechanisms. Emerging evidence indicates that salt overconsumption may also be associated with metabolic disorders. In this review, we first summarize recent updates on the mechanisms of salt‐induced CVD, the effects of salt reduction and the use of salt substitution as a therapy. Next, we focus on how high salt intake can impact metabolism and energy balance, describing the mechanisms through which this occurs, including leptin resistance, the overproduction of fructose and ghrelin, insulin resistance and altered hormonal factors. A further influence on metabolism worth noting is the reported role of salt in inducing thermogenesis and increasing body temperature, leading to an increase in energy expenditure. While this result could be viewed as a positive metabolic effect because it promotes a negative energy balance to combat obesity, caution must be taken with this frame of thinking given the deleterious consequences of chronic high salt intake on cardiovascular health. Nevertheless, this review highlights the importance of salt as a noncaloric nutrient in regulating whole‐body energy homeostasis. Through this review, we hope to provide a scientific framework for future studies to systematically address the metabolic impacts of dietary salt and salt replacement treatments. In addition, we hope to form a foundation for future clinical trials to explore how these salt‐induced metabolic changes impact obesity development and progression, and to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms that drive these changes, with the aim of developing novel therapeutics for obesity and CVD.
Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and survival in elective cardiac surgery
Authors: Koller Lorenz , Steinacher Eva , Hofer Felix , Hammer Andreas , Kazem Niema , Laufer Guenther , Fleck Tatjana , Steinlechner Barbara , Wojta Johann , Richter Bernhard , Hengstenberg Christian , Sulzgruber Patrick , Niessner Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe study investigated the prognostic value of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and calculated a simplified biomarker score comprising suPAR, N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and age.Methods and ResultsBiomarkers were assessed in a cohort of 478 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. After a median follow‐up of 4.2 years, a total of 72 (15.1%) patients died. SuPAR, NT‐proBNP and age were independent prognosticators of mortality in a multivariable Cox regression model after adjustment for EuroScoreII. We then calculated a simplified biomarker score comprising age, suPAR and NT‐proBNP, which had a superior prognostic value compared to EuroScoreII (Harrel's C of 0.76 vs. 0.72; P for difference = 0.02). Besides long‐term mortality, the biomarker score had an excellent performance predicting one‐year mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure.ConclusionThe biomarker suPAR and NT‐proBNP were strongly and independently associated with mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A simplified biomarker score comprising only three variables (age, suPAR and NT‐proBNP) performed better than the established EuroScoreII with respect to intermediate and long‐term outcome as well as hospitalization due to heart failure. As such, integration of established and upcoming biomarkers in clinical practice may provide improved decision support in cardiac surgery.
Navigating complex trade‐offs in public health interventions
Authors: Russo Federica , Hirsch Paul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPublic health, just as any policy‐related field, faces the evergreen problem of turning knowledge into action. Among other problems, there is a clash between the inherent complexity of public health problems and the inevitable push, by decision‐makers and the public, to simplify them. The Covid‐19 pandemic has shown the insufficiencies of our current epistemological, methodological and normative apparatus to handle such crises in a timely manner. Despite this, several authors have been arguing for the importance of engaging global crises such as Covid‐19 in ways that do not oversimplify key dimensions of the issues involved. In this paper, we contribute to this emerging scholarship. Building on existing work in the field of environmental problem‐solving, we propose an integrative approach to navigating complex trade‐offs in public health interventions. Briefly put, we propose that decision making should be informed by an analysis of any given problem from four distinct, but interrelated, lenses: (i) values and valuation, (ii) process and governance, (iii) power and inequalities and (iv) scientific evidence, methods and concepts. This normative framework, we argue, can help with spelling out the complexity of public health problems and with spelling out the rationale behind public health decision making to non‐specialists and the general public. We illustrate our approach using the controversy over wearing face masks in the Covid‐19 pandemic.
Fast and accurate identification by MALDI‐TOF of the zoonotic serovar E of Vibrio vulnificus linked to eel culture
Authors: Boonstra Mirjam , Fouz Belén , van Gelderen Betty , Dalsgaard Inger , Madsen Lone , Jansson Eva , Amaro Carmen , Haenen Olga 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVibrio vulnificus is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause death by septicaemia in farmed fish (mainly eels) and humans. The zoonotic strains that have been isolated from diseased eels and humans after eel handling belong to clade E (or serovar E (SerE)), a clonal complex within the pathovar (pv.) piscis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry (MS) in the identification of SerE, using the other two main pv. piscis‐serovars (SerA and SerI) from eels as controls. MALDI‐TOF data were compared with known serologic and genetic data of five pv. piscis isolates or strains, and with the non pv. piscis reference strain. Based on multiple spectra analysis, we found serovar‐specific peaks that were of ~3098 Da and ~ 4045 Da for SerE, of ~3085 Da and ~ 4037 Da for SerA, and of ~3085 Da and ~ 4044 Da for SerI. Therefore, our results demonstrate that MALDI‐TOF can be used to identify SerE and could also help in the identification of the other serovars of the species. This means that zoonosis due to V. vulnificus could be prevented by using MALDI‐TOF, as action can be taken immediately after the isolation of a possible zoonotic V. vulnificus strain.
Diet quality, ultra‐processed food consumption, and quality of life in a cross‐sectional cohort of adults and teens with celiac disease
Authors: Cadenhead Jennifer W. , Martínez‐Steele Euridice , Contento Isobel , Kushi Lawrence H. , Lee Anne R. , Nguyen Thanh Thanh T. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Green Peter H. R. , Wolf Randi L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoeliac disease (CeD), a common autoimmune condition, requires strict adherence to a gluten‐free diet (GFD). Adherence to the GFD has been associated with quality of life (QOL). However, there may be other diet‐related concerns, such as overall diet patterns, including diet quality or ultra‐processed food (UPF) consumption, possibly associated with QOL among people with CeD following a GFD that have not been examined.MethodsDiet quality was determined based on 24‐h diet recalls of a cross‐sectional prospectively recruited sample of 80 participants (50 adults and 30 teens) with biopsy‐confirmed CeD (‘Study Sample’) using the Healthy Eating Index and Alternate Mediterranean Diet score. The amount of UPF consumed was assessed using Nova, a food processing classification system. QOL was measured using Celiac Disease‐Specific Quality of Life (CDQOL) and Celiac Disease Pediatric‐Specific Quality of Life (CDPQOL). The Study Sample's diet patterns were compared with National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) groups (25 adults reporting prior CeD and GFD; 51 adults with new CeD and no GFD; 15,777 adults and 2296 teens without CeD). The relationship of the Study Sample's diet patterns with CDQOL/CDPQOL was assessed using analysis of covariance.ResultsThe Study Sample's diet patterns were suboptimal but generally favourable compared with all NHANES groups. Compared to Study Adults with the highest tertile of UPF, those with the lowest tertile had significantly higher CDQOL (mean: 67.6 vs. 78.3, p < 0.001). Compared to Study Teens with the lowest tertile of AMED, those with the highest tertile had significantly higher CDPQOL (mean: 67.0 vs. 79.9, p < 0.01).ConclusionsMaintaining high diet quality and minimising UPF may be important for CeD‐specific QOL among individuals with CeD maintaining a GFD.
Polyarteritis nodosa in a captive common wooly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) associated with intestinal necrosis, peritonitis, and sepsis
Authors: de Carvalho Thaynara Parente , Oliveira Santos Daniel , Oliveira Ayisa Rodrigues , Vieira André Duarte , Quintão Ana Luiza Lessa , da Silva Laice Alves , Santana Clarissa Helena , dos Reis de Souza Lucas , Tinoco Herlandes Penha , Coelho Carlyle Mendes , Pessanha Angela Tinoco , Xavier Rafael Gariglio Clark , de Carvalho Marcelo Pires Nogueira , Silva Rodrigo Otávio Silveira , da Paixão Tatiane Alves , Santos Renato Lima 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolyarteritis nodosa is an idiopathic necrotizing vasculitis that affects small to medium‐sized arteries. We describe a case of polyarteritis nodosa in a captive common wooly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) associated with transmural intestinal necrosis and secondary peritonitis. This condition must be considered for differential diagnosis of segmental arteritis in neotropical primates.
Is this child suitable to be seen in primary care? Poor agreement between caregiver/family perception and definitions of a ‘primary care‐type’ patient
Authors: McNeil Scott , McKie Jessica , Parr Mandy , Cheek John , Freed Gary , Meyer Alastair , Craig Simon 
Published: January 2023

AimsTo compare and evaluate the number of paediatric patients classified as ‘suitable for primary care’ using the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) method, the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) method, and parental judgement.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study enrolling parents/carers presenting with their children to two Victorian EDs in Victoria, Australia over a 1‐week period. Trained research assistants were posted within both EDs and surveyed all eligible parents/carers whether they agreed with the statement ‘I think a GP would be able to look after my child's current illness/injury’. Survey responses were linked to clinical outcomes and length of stay. Each presentation was classified as suitable for primary care using the AIHW method, the ACEM method and parental survey. Agreement between definitions was assessed using Cohen's kappa statistic.ResultsDuring the study (June 2016), 1069 patients presented to the two EDs; 677 patients were able to be classified under all three definitions (AIHW: 1069, ACEM: 991, survey: 677 patients). Only 80/677 (12%) patients met all three criteria. Agreement was slight between the parent survey and the ACEM method (K = 0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06–0.21), and the parent survey and the AIHW method (K = 0.12, 95% CI 0.05–0.19). There was moderate agreement between the ACEM and AIHW methods (K = 0.45, 95% CI 0.39–0.51).ConclusionsThere is very poor agreement on what defines a ‘primary care‐type’ paediatric patient between the definitions used by government, professional bodies and caregivers.
A transcription factor WRKY36 interacts with AFP2 to break primary seed dormancy by progressively silencing DOG1 in Arabidopsis
Authors: Deng Guoli , Sun Haiqing , Hu Yulan , Yang Yaru , Li Ping , Chen Yilin , Zhu Ying , Zhou Yun , Huang Jinling , Neill Steven J. , Hu Xiangyang 
Published: January 2023

Summary

The phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) antagonistically control the shift between seed dormancy and its alleviation. DELAY OF GERMINATION1 (DOG1) is a critical regulator that determines the intensity of primary seed dormancy, but its underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear.

In this study, we combined physiological, biochemical, and genetic approaches to reveal that a bHLH transcriptional factor WRKY36 progressively silenced DOG1 expression to break seed dormancy through ABI5‐BINDING PROTEIN 2 (AFP2) as the negative regulator of ABA signal.

AFP2 interacted with WRKY36, which recognizes the W‐BOX in the DOG1 promoter to suppress its expression; Overexpressing WRKY36 broke primary seed dormancy, whereas wrky36 mutants showed strong primary seed dormancy. In addition, AFP2 recruited the transcriptional corepressor TOPLESS‐RELATED PROTEIN2 (TPR2) to reduce histone acetylation at the DOG1 locus, ultimately mediating WRKY36‐dependent inhibition of DOG1 expression to break primary seed dormancy.

Our result proposes that the WRKY36‐AFP2‐TPR2 module progressively silences DOG1 expression epigenetically, thereby fine‐tuning primary seed dormancy.
Surfactant therapy using a bronchofiberscope in respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Wasa Masanori , Hasegawa Hisaya , Kihara Hirotaka , Yamada Yosuke , Mizogami Masae , Kitamura Rei , Ikeda Kenta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAvoiding endotracheal intubation and using nasal continuous positive airway pressure as the initial treatment is recommended in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and modes of lesser invasive surfactant administration have recently been reported. We report a pilot study assessing the feasibility of surfactant therapy using a bronchofiberscope (STUB) in RDS.MethodsSurfactant was administered to 31 preterm infants (gestational age range of 28 weeks 0 days to 36 weeks 6 days) diagnosed with RDS, through the working channel of the bronchofiberscope or endotracheal tubes. Patient characteristics, outcomes, adverse events, and comorbidities were assessed in the two groups.ResultsTwelve infants received STUB. Two of the 12 infants (17%) needed subsequent intubation and additional surfactant administration. Nineteen infants received surfactant through endotracheal tubes. Four of the 19 infants (21%) required additional surfactants. There was no significant difference in the number of infants that needed additional surfactant (p = 1.00). Gestational age, birthweight, length of hospitalization, adverse events, such as desaturations and bradycardias, and comorbidities were similar between the two groups. Days of invasive ventilation were significantly shorter in the STUB group (p = 0.0002).ConclusionSTUB was feasible in this small cohort and reduced the need for intubation to 17%, leading to fewer days of invasive ventilation, without increasing comorbidities and adverse events. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to administer surfactants using bronchofiberscopes.
What counts as an acceptable reason for not communicating emotional support?
Authors: Ray Colter D. , Manusov Valerie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigated assessments of the acceptability of and negative relational implications for the reasons given for someone not providing emotional support. A representative sample of U.S. adults (N = 1598) participated in a survey experiment that included thinking of a person from whom they would expect such support, imagining that they did not receive support from this person, and being shown one of 16 reasons to explain the nonsupport. Participants evaluated that reason for its acceptability and its negative relational ramifications. As predicted, some nonsupport reasons were judged as more acceptable than were others, and they generated fewer negative relational ramifications. Participants who experienced nonsupport by a friend viewed their reasons as more acceptable than those experiencing nonsupport from family members. Despite this, greater negative relational ramifications were reported when friends compared to family members did not communicate support. Women's nonsupport was viewed as less acceptable compared to men's; however, there were no gender differences in the negative relational ramifications of nonsupport. When tested in a mediation model, acceptability mediated the relationship between expectations and negative relational ramifications, but there was also an unexpected direct negative effect between expectations and negative relational ramifications.
Forgiveness, its factors, and unforgivable acts in romantic relationships: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Záhorcová Lucia , Dršťáková Žofia , Masaryková Miriam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUsing a mixed‐methods approach, this study investigates forgiveness, the factors of forgiveness, and unforgivable acts, and analyzes relational and gender differences in participants' qualitative answers. Open‐ended questions were answered by 649 participants from Slovakia (532 dating, 117 married; 517 women, 132 men). Responses were analyzed qualitatively using the Consensual Qualitative Research‐Modified method, then transformed into quantitative data in order to statistically compare the groups. The results showed that dating individuals tended to see forgiveness as working on the relationship, whereas married individuals viewed forgiveness as an emotional process. Married individuals were more likely to report that shared commitments helped them to forgive. Dating partners tended to look at the situational context. Men were more likely to report that forgiveness was key to the relationship. When forgiving their partner, men focused on internal factors, whereas women needed an apology and acts of love. Infidelity was the most common unforgivable transgression. Therapists may benefit from a more nuanced understanding of forgiveness in dating and married individuals.
Emergent rural–urban relations in Covid‐19 disturbances: Multi‐locality affecting sustainability of rural change
Authors: Pikner Tarmo , Pitkänen Kati , Nugin Raili 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe recent Covid‐19 pandemic highlighted rural–urban interactions, in particular the fact that cities are dependent on the accessibility of non‐metropolitan and rural spaces and vice versa. This article seeks to understand how these interactions contributed to emergent relational spaces of rurality during the Covid‐19 crisis. The article analyses politicised mobilities between localities and rural–urban linkages that are tied to the sustainability of rural change. The study focuses on two countries: Estonia and Finland, exploring thematic narratives on second‐home practices and related politics during the outbreak of the Covid‐19 crisis. The explored regions were the South Savo region in Finland and the island of Saaremaa and northern coastal villages in Estonia. The analysis indicates ways in which the mobility restrictions and disturbances triggered by the Covid‐19 pandemic attributed certain demands and hopes to rural areas and led the shift in rural–urban interactions. The article contributes to the understanding of co‐existences between im/mobilities and multi‐local living and sustainability in rural change.