bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular disease in Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: an observational study assessing the role of neutrophil proteinase activity and the suitability of validated screening tools.
Authors: Sapey Elizabeth , Crowley Louise Elizabeth , Edgar R G , Griffiths D. , Samanta Sandip , Crisford Helena , Bolton Charlotte E , Hurst John R , Stockley Robert A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD) is a rare, inherited lung disease which shares features with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) but has a greater burden of proteinase related tissue damage. These proteinases are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. It is unclear whether patients with AATD have a greater risk of CVD compared to usual COPD, how best to screen for this, and whether neutrophil proteinases are implicated in AATD-associated CVD. This study had three aims. To compare CVD risk in never-augmented AATD patients to non-AATD COPD and healthy controls (HC). To assess relationships between CVD risk and lung physiology. To determine if neutrophil proteinase activity was associated with CVD risk in AATD. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by QRISK2® score and aortic stiffness measurements using carotid-femoral (aortic) pulse wave velocity (aPWV). Medical history, computed tomography scans and post-bronchodilator lung function parameters were reviewed. Systemic proteinase 3 activity was measured. Patients were followed for 4 years, to assess CVD development.Results:228 patients with AATD, 50 with non-AATD COPD and 51 healthy controls were recruited. In all COPD and HC participants, QRISK2® and aPWV gave concordant results (with both measures either high or in the normal range). This was not the case in AATD. Once aPWV was adjusted for age and smoking history, aPWV was highest and QRISK2® lowest in AATD patients compared to the COPD or HC participants. Higher aPWV was associated with impairments in lung physiology, the presence of emphysema on CT scan and proteinase 3 activity following adjustment for age, smoking status and traditional CVD risk factors (using QRISK2® scores) in AATD. There were no such relationships with QRISK2® in AATD. AATD patients with confirmed CVD at four-year follow up had a higher aPWV but not QRISK2® at baseline assessment.Conclusion:aPWV measured CVD risk is elevated in AATD. This risk is not captured by QRISK2®. There is a relationship between aPWV, lung disease and proteinase-3 activity. Proteinase-driven breakdown of elastin fibres in large arteries and lungs is a putative mechanism and forms a potential therapeutic target for CVD in AATD.
Wireless Controlled Anti-Theft Automobiles
Authors: Ganesan Indumathi , T Dhabasvini , G Shangeetha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In Current society, Wireless communication plays a major role in many applications such as broadcasting information, personal communication, and vehicle maintenance. Vehicle security also plays a major role in wireless communication. The main issue affecting people in society is Vehicle theft. According to 2021 statistics, out of 1 lakh stolen vehicles, only 10% are ever found in India. The current systems access the vehicle using a key and a remote. There are several locations with CCTV cameras that are utilized to find stolen vehicles, but not in every place. Even after a theft, having control over the car and knowing where it helps speed up the recovery process. The proposed system is to access the vehicle using a recognized fingerprint and find the location of the vehicle using GPS and send the location to a mobile phone using GSM. It also controls the speed of the motor using GSM through normal messages. The system created can aid in the recovery of a stolen vehicle  because it is dependable, affordable, and user-friendly.
Multi-Objective Clustering Algorithm using Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) Operator for Heterogeneous WSN
Authors: Rajpoot Prince , Avtar Ram , Pandey Amit Kumar , Chandel Vishal Singh , Yadhuvanshi Ritika , Srivast Vikas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks have become a vast field of study. In the past few years, it has been seen that the use of wireless sensor networks in various fields, such as health monitoring, landslide detection, agriculture field, etc., is increased. In such real-life applications, many sensor nodes are required for monitoring and collecting data from the environment, and these sensor nodes work autonomously. The network of complete sensor nodes that works on an application is termed WSN. In a WSN, clustering refers to dividing the sensor nodes into several groups called clusters. A cluster head is selected among all clusters, temporarily acting as the particular cluster's base station. This cluster head is chosen based on several factors, including the node's residual energy, distance from the base station, and distance from other sensor nodes. Mainly the cluster head is responsible for increasing the efficiency and scalability of the entire network. Utilizing the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operator, we have suggested an algorithm for cluster head selection that works better and uses less energy during data transmission. Simulation results showed that our suggested algorithm outperforms others and extends network lifetime by 5–12%.
Comparison of Median and Intermediate Approach in the Ultrasound-Guided Sacral Erector Spinae Plane Block: A Cadaveric and Radiologic Study
Authors: KELEŞ Bilge OLGUN , SALMAN Necati , YILMAZ Elvan TEKİR , BİRİNCİ Habip Resul , APAN Alparslan , İNCE Selami , ÖZYAŞAR Ali Faruk , UZ Aysun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds:
Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has become very popular for post-operative and chronic pain management. ESPB applications sacral area procedures have been named 'sacral ESPB’. This study is aimed to conduct a cadaveric study to determine how local anesthesia was distributed at median and intermediate approaches of the sacral region ESPB procedures.
Materials and Methods:
Four cadavers were grouped into two groups; median and intermediate approaches. An ultrasound-guided ESPB was performed with a mixture of radiocontrast and dye. After the distribution of the solution was observed by computed tomography, cadavers were dissected in order to observe the dye spread in the groups.
Results:
CT Images of the median group demonstrated subcutaneous pooling of contrast agents between S1 and S5 horizontal planes. Contrast agent passing from the sacral foramina to the anterior of the sacrum via spinal nerves was also observed between S2-S5. In the intermediate group contrast distribution was observed along the bilateral erector spinae muscle between L2-S3 horizontal planes, and no anterior transition was detected.
Dissection findings in the median group, methylene blue spread was observed in the subcutaneous tissue area between the S1-S5 horizontal planes. There was no methylene blue solution spread under the superficial fascia or the muscle plane. In the intermediate group, the red-colored radiocontrast solution was detected between the L2-S3 intervertebral levels in the erector spinae muscle group.
Conclusion:
Radiocontrast dye was detected at superficial and erector spinae compartments respectively at median and intermediate cadaver groups both radiological and anatomically. The anterior transition of the radiocontrast was detected in only the median cadaver group.
Clinical Trial: Karadeniz Technical University Ethics Approval No: 2022/229, ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05716061
Performance Analysis of NOMA System with QoS-Guarantee Scheme
Authors: Bisen Shubham , Bhatia Vimal , Mishra Amit Kumar , Choi Kwonhue 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With an objective of connecting everyone and everything in beyond 5th-generation and 6th-generation wireless communication systems, there is a need for scalability in the access network. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is considered as one of the leading, prominent, and promising technology to provide a solution for massive connectivity with superior spectrum efficiency and user fairness. NOMA simultaneously serves multiple users in a single resource block, thereby resulting in unrestricted, however controlled inter-user interference. To detect users’ symbols, NOMA employs successive interference cancellation at the receiver. However, inter-user interference is unavoidable in NOMA and thus results in performance degradation. This work proposes a simple yet effective scheme for the downlink NOMA that guarantees users’ quality of service by minimizing inter-user interference. Closed-form expressions for outage probability under the assumption of imperfect channel state information (CSI) with hardware impairment (HI) are derived to facilitate the performance evaluation of the proposed scheme. Expression of outage probability for two users under the assumption of perfect CSI without HI is also presented. Monte Carlo simulations are used to validate the derived analytical expressions.
An Efficient Blockchain-based Access Control Framework for IoT-Healthcare System
Authors: RAJ ANU , Prakash Shiva 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Nowadays, the adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) framework in various healthcare industries has grown rapidly in the recent years. The IoT devices generates huge amount of data which are often sensitive, such as personal health information. It is mandatory to ensure that this data is protected from unauthorized access and use. However, the resource-constrained nature of these devices can make it difficult to implement robust security measures, such as encryption and authentication. Blockchain is a promising approach for the secure management of medical record in immutable way. This problem can be resolved with ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption, which allows granular access control. The local gateways that are directly interfaced to the Ethereum blockchain-based smart contract platform are utilised to create and implement a distributed and dependable user authentication and access control mechanism for smart based healthcare. In this paper, the use of a DBC-based CP-ABE approach offers a secure and decentralized solution for secure communication and data protection, and providing a more secure and trustworthy system. The proposed system is based on the idea of an Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC)-based CP-ABE method reduce complexity and provide data security in remote patient monitoring. On the other hand, blockchain-based smart contracts offer a dynamic, optimal, and self-adjusted access control in smart healthcare system. It lowers the overhead associated with conducting resource-intensive authentication procedures and blockchain communications at IoT devices. The result shows the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in terms of computation and processing time as well as its resistance to several security intrusions over existing schemes.
Optimizing Routing Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks with Link Score and Delay Awareness
Authors: M RAGHAVENDRA Y , B MAHADEVASWAMY U , M ASHA , G MANJULA 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel delay-aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that considers link quality in addition to hop count to improve the network performance. The proposed protocol, called Link Score based Delay Aware Routing (LSDAR), calculates the link score for each potential next hop based on its residual energy, delay, and packet delivery ratio. The link score is used to select the best next hop with the lowest delay and highest link quality. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms existing protocols in terms of network lifetime, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio, while also reducing the number of data packet collisions and improving energy efficiency. Through simulation evaluations, it was discovered that SBLDAR can enhance the network lifetime of the considered protocols while simultaneously preserving the average data transmission delay. LSDAR was found to have nearly 75% greater throughput and saved 60% of the total energy consumed when compared to existing protocols. Therefore, the proposed LSDAR protocol is a promising solution for delay-sensitive applications in WSNs.
On intrinsic susceptibility of healthy organs to primary cancer or metastasis
Authors: Gelemanovic Andrea , Vidovic Tinka , Radman Miroslav , Trajkovic Katarina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Although primary cancer can affect any part of the body, there is a striking variability in cancer prevalence across different organs. Moreover, metastases are non-randomly distributed among organs, with lung, liver, lymph nodes and bone acting as metastatic hotspots. The reasons for such inter-organ variability in the prevalence of primary cancers and metastases are insufficiently understood. In this in silico study we show that susceptibility of organs to a primary cancer or a metastasis is linked with their distinctive intrinsic features in the healthy state. In particular, while susceptibility of an organ to primary cancer is associated with the abundance of arterial endothelial cells and atypical gene expression, susceptibility to metastases correlates with high content of immune cells and high expression of immune genes. These data shed light on some fundamental aspects of cancer biology and pave new avenues for mitigation of cancer.
"Magnetic gates" of accreting X-ray pulsars during giant outbursts
Authors: Peng Han-Long , Zhang Yan , Xu Yu-Jing , Li X-D , Zhao Hai-Hui , Yan Jingzhi , Liu Qingzhong , Weng Shan-Shan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
X-ray pulsars (XRPs) consist of a magnetized neutron star (NS) and an optical donor star. The NS accretes matter from the donor star, producing pulsed X-ray emission. In most cases the donor stars are Be stars, and accretion is episodic, that is, the NSs are generally X-ray dim, but occasionally experience outbursts. The triggering mechanism of giant outbursts remains mysterious. Here, we carry out a statistical study with the X-ray monitoring data, and obtain strong correlations between the spin periods of the NSs and the outburst parameters for the first time. We show that XRPs containing faster rotating NSs tend to display more violent eruptions. These results provide clear evidence of ``magnetic gates", that is, larger accretion rates are required to penetrate into a faster rotating magnetosphere.
Computational Exploration of Lung Function Genetics Across Populations via Public GWAS Data Integration
Authors: Zainab Afeefa , Anzawa Hayato , Kinoshita Kengo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) is a highly prevalent disease, making it a leading cause of death worldwide. Several GWAS have been performed across multiple populations to measure lung function and identify loci associated with COPD. Population-specific GWAS shows that every population has a different ancestral genetic composition for the same disease in different populations. To analyze trans-ethnic genetics, GWAS meta-analysis is the commonly used method; however, meta-analysis has some limitations in terms of genetic heterogeneity when used for cross-population GWAS analysis, even though transethnic analyses are becoming increasingly important for personalized medicine in each population. In this study, we proposed a transethnic linkage disequilibrium LD analysis to identify common and unique functional variants in different population cohorts.
Methods: Lung function measurement is used as an indicator for the risk prediction of COPD; therefore, we used lung function GWAS data from two populations. The results from the Japanese and European population GWAS for lung function were re-evaluated using a trans-ethnic LD approach.
Results: This study identified nine novel independent significant single nucleotide variants SNVs and four lead SNVs in three genomic risk loci in the Japanese GWAS, whereas five novel lead SNVs and 17 novel independent significant SNPs were identified in 21 genomic risk loci in the European population. Comparative analysis revealed 28 genes that were similar in the prioritized gene lists of both populations. We also performed a meta-analysis-based post-GWAS analysis that identified 18 common genes in both populations less frequently than in our approach. Our approach identified significant novel associations and genes that have not been previously reported or were missed in the meta-analysis.
Conclusions: This study proposes a trans-ethnic LD approach for cross-population GWAS analysis that will help understand genetic diversity among different populations and identify generalized and population-specific treatment and diagnostic options.
Effects of 12 weeks of low molecular collagen peptide supplementation on body composition in overweight Korean adults aged 50 years and older
Authors: Park Jeong Bin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
After the age of 50, their muscle mass gradually declines each year, and the lost muscle is often replaced by fat mass. Insufficient protein intake after middle age further accelerates this process. Previous studies that have used collagen as a supplementation, which accounts for about 30% of the body's protein, have combined it with resistance exercise. This study investigated the effects of collagen supplementation on body composition in individuals over the age of 50 (23≤BMI≤32), while maintaining their daily activity levels constant. Participants were assigned to either the collagen group (n=42) or the placebo group(n=42). Collagen supplementation (15g of collagen) and placebo product (xanthan gum) were offered. Bioactive Collagen Peptides, which is a type of low molecular weight collagen extracted from porcine raw materials, was used. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were taken for analysis. Physical activities and dietary intake were measured by international physical activity questionnaire and a 3-day food record, respectively. 74 participants in the collagen group (n=37) and placebo group (n=37) were used in the final analysis. Physical activity and dietary intake showed no significant difference between the two groups. The collagen group showed a significant reduction in total body fat mass compared to the placebo group, as evidenced by both BIA (P=0.021) and DEXA (P=0.041) measurements. There were no significant differences in blood measurements between the two groups. Therefore, the intake of collagen supplementation after middle age may be used for preventing age related fat mass accumulation.
The evaluation of nightshade elimination diet (NED) on inflammatory and rheumatologic markers of rheumatoid arthritis patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Golmohammadi Ashkan , Hosseinikia Mahboobe , Sadeghi Mohammad Kazem , Golampur Dariush , Hosseinzadeh Zahra , Panahande SeyedBahman 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease with the global prevalence rate of 1%. Some RA patients constantly complain about adverse effects they are experiencing after consumption of nightshades. These plants contain Solanine which can cause damage to the bones and joints. Considering the literature, no RCT has been conducted about nightshade effects on RA patients, this study aims to assess the impact of a nightshade elimination diet (NED) on inflammatory and rheumatologic markers of rheumatoid arthritis patients for the first time.
Methods
A single-blinded controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the effect of a NED on 36 participants for 8 weeks (2 months). The patients will be equally divided in two intervention and placebo groups. Both groups will receive general anti-inflammatory dietary recommendations and the Intervention group will be undergone a NED during the study. Clinical symptoms will be determined using questionnaires. Moreover, blood samples will be collected from participants to measure desired indicators.
Discussion
To the best of our knowledge, this study will be the first RCT investigating the effect of NED on inflammatory and rheumatologic markers of rheumatoid arthritis patients. The possible results of this study could be useful for nutritionists and physicians in managing RA patients.
Trial registration
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (irct.ir) IRCT20230220057465N1. Registered on 8 April 2023.
Variation and Spatial Distribution of Emissions from Livestock Manure Management in Iran: An Evaluation and Location Analysis
Authors: Vaysi Ali , Pashaki Saeed Ghanbari Azad , Rohani Abbas , Khojastehpour Mehdi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

As the demand for livestock and poultry supply chain continues to rise, managing the ever-increasing amount of livestock manure has become a significant challenge. In this study, we employ two models of neural networks, namely the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) models, to accurately forecast the production of livestock and poultry manure from 2020 to 2030. The aim is to aid decision-making processes in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by manure storage. Our results reveal that the RBF model outperforms the MLP model in terms of accuracy and reliability. According to our predictions, the provinces of Iran are estimated to produce 10782.4 and 6469.44 Mm3.year− 1 of biogas and biomethane, respectively, from livestock and poultry manure in 2030. This is equivalent to 4.03% and 4.98% of Iran's annual gas and electricity consumption in 2030. Our findings also show that the manure management system will produce 14 million tons of carbon dioxide in 2030, equivalent to 16.71% of GHG emissions in the agricultural sector. Our scenario analysis indicates that using biomethane produced from biogas instead of natural gas in 2030 is the most effective action to reduce GHG emissions in the energy sector compared to the current trend of manure management. Our study highlights the potential of neural network models in accurately forecasting livestock manure production and in developing strategies for reducing GHG emissions.
RETRACTED: Histopathologic Image-based Deep Learning Classifier for Predicting Platinum-based Treatment Responses in High-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Park Eunhyang , Ahn Byungsoo , Moon Damin , Lee Chung , Cho Nam Hoon , Choi Heung-Kook , Kim Dongmin , Lee Jung-Yun , Nam Eun Ji , Won Dongju , An Hee Jung , Kwon Sun Young , Sung Sun Hee , Shin Su-Jin , Jung Hye Ra , Kwon Dohee , Park Heejung , Kim Milim , Cha Yoon Jin , Park Hyunjin , Lee Yangkyu , Noh Songmi , Lee Yong-Moon , Choi Sung-Eun , Kim Ji Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.