bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Random year intercepts in mixed models help to assess uncertainties in insect population trends
Authors: Weiss Fabio , von Wehrden Henrik , Linde Andreas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
An increasing number of studies is investigating insect population trends based on time series data. However, the available data is often subject to temporal pseudoreplication. Inter‐annual variability of environmental conditions and strong fluctuations in insect abundances can impede reliable trend estimation. Temporal random effect structures in regression models have been proposed as solution for this issue, but remain controversial.
We investigated trends in ground beetle abundance across 24 years using generalised linear mixed models. We fitted four models: A base model, a model featuring a random year intercept, a model featuring basic weather parameters, and a model featuring both random year intercept and weather parameters. We then performed a simple sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness of the four models with respect to influential years, also testing for possible spurious baseline and snapshot effects.
The model structure had a significant impact on the overall magnitude of the estimated trends. However, we found almost no difference among the models in how the removal of single years (sensitivity analysis) relatively affected trend coefficients. The two models with a random year intercept yielded significantly larger confidence intervals and their p‐values were more sensitive during sensitivity analysis. Significant differences of the model with random year intercept and weather parameters to all other models suggest that the random year effects and specific weather effects are rather additive than interchangeable.
We conclude that random year intercepts help to produce more reliable and cautious uncertainty measures for insect population trends. Moreover, they might help to identify influential years in sensitivity analyses more easily. We recommend random year intercepts in addition to any variables representing temporally variable environmental conditions, such as weather variables.
Quantitative analysis of culturable bacteria, levels of endotoxins, inflammatory mediators and substance P in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and in teeth with vital normal pulp tissues
Authors: Arruda‐Vasconcelos R. , Chiarelli‐Neto V. M. , Louzada L. M. , Aveiro E. , Alves‐Silva E. G. , de‐Jesus‐Soares A. , Ferraz C. C. R. , Almeida J. F. A. , Marciano M. A. , Pecorari V. G. A. , Gomes B. P. F. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo comparatively analyse the levels of culturable bacteria, endotoxins (LPS), tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) and substance P in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and vital normal pulp (VNP) tissues.MethodologyThirty‐two patients were included (20 teeth with SIP and 12 teeth with VNP tissues) in this cross‐sectional study. Samples were collected from the full length of the root canals (microbial analysis) and periapical tissues (2 mm beyond the apex for immunological analysis), using sterile absorbent paper points. The levels of culturable bacteria (culture method), endotoxins (LAL Pyrogent 5000), TNF‐α, IL‐1β and substance P (ELISA) were assessed. The Mann–Whitney test was used for comparisons between the levels of CFU/mL, LPS, TNF‐α, IL‐1β and substance P in the SIP and VNP groups. The statistical analysis was performed with the significance level set at 5%.ResultsCulturable bacteria were recovered from all teeth with SIP. On the other hand, no positive cultures were observed in the VNP tissues group (p > .05). The levels of LPS were approximately four times higher in teeth with SIP than in teeth with VNP tissues (p < .05). Higher levels of TNF‐α and substance P were detected in teeth with SIP (p < .05). On the other hand, no difference in the levels of IL‐1β was detected between the two groups (p > .05).ConclusionTeeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis present higher levels of culturable bacteria, endotoxins, TNF‐α and substance P than those with vital normal pulp tissues. On the other hand, the levels of IL‐1β were similar in teeth from both groups suggesting reduced implications of this inflammatory mediator in the early stages of infection.
RUNX1 promotes liver fibrosis progression through regulating TGF‐β signalling
Authors: Guo Zhaoyang , Liu Xinxin , Zhao Shulei , Sun Fengkai , Ren Wanhua , Ma Mingze 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLiver fibrosis is caused by chronic liver injury. There are limited treatments for it, and the pathogenesis is unclear. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, and to try to identify new potential therapeutic targets. For this study we used the carbon tetrachloride abdominal injection induced liver fibrosis animal model in mice. Primary hepatic stellate cell isolation was performed by a density‐gradient separation method, and this was followed by immunofluorescence stain analyses. Signal pathway analysis was performed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and western blotting. Our results showed that RUNX1 was upregulated in cirrhotic liver tissues compared with normal liver tissues. Besides, overexpression of RUNX1 caused more severe liver fibrosis lesions than control group under CCl4‐induced conditions. Moreover, α‐SMA expression in the RUNX1 overexpression group was significantly higher than in the control group. Interestingly, we found that RUNX1 could promote the activation of TGF‐β/Smads in a dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Thus we demonstrated that RUNX1 could be considered as a new regulator of hepatic fibrosis by activating TGF‐β/Smads signalling. Based on this, we concluded that RUNX1 may be developed as a new therapeutic target in the treatment of liver fibrosis in the future. In addition, this study also provides a new insight about the aetiology of liver fibrosis.
Prevalence and correlates of advance care planning among Australian hospital inpatients
Authors: Panozzo Laura , Doherty Zakary , Leach Michael , Ward Bernadette 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe prevalence and factors associated with advance care planning (ACP) documents for Australian public hospital inpatients were determined through cross‐sectional study of 123 Victorian hospitals between July 2016 and December 2018. Of the 611 786 included patients, 2.9% had an ACP document. Odds increased significantly in those comorbid, unpartnered, regional and >5 admissions, which supports future ACP conversations and document creation.
A ketogenic diet improves vascular hyperpermeability in type 2 diabetic mice by downregulating vascular pescadillo1 expression
Authors: Wang Song , Zhou Jielin , Lu Jing , Lin Yan , Liu Shuaishuai , Chen Keyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe role of pescadillo1 (PES1) in regulating vascular permeability has been unknown. This study probes the role of PES1 and its mediated molecular mechanism in modulating vascular hyperpermeability in diabetic mice. Male C57BL/6J and db/db mice were fed a standard diet and a ketogenic diet (KD). Meanwhile, mouse vascular endothelial cells (MVECs) were treated with β‐hydroxybutyric acid (β‐HB), Pes1 siRNA or a Pes1 overexpression plasmid. Additionally, knockout (KO) of Pes1 in mice was applied. After 12 weeks of feedings, enhanced vascular PES1 expression in diabetic mice was inhibited by the KD. The suppression of PES1 was also observed in β‐HB‐treated MVECs. In mice with Pes1 KO, the levels of vascular VEGF and PES1 were attenuated, while the levels of vascular VE‐cadherin, Ang‐1 and Occludin were upregulated. Similar outcomes also occurred after the knockdown of Pes1 in cultured MVECs, which were opposite to the effects induced by PES1 overexpression in MVECs. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that high glucose concentration‐induced increases in vascular paracellular permeability declined after MVECs were treated by β‐HB or by knockdown of Pes1. In contrast, increases in vascular permeability were induced by overexpression of Pes1, which were suppressed by coadministration of β‐HB in cultured endothelial cells. Similarly declines in vascular permeability were found by Pes1 knockdown in diabetic mice. Mechanistically, β‐HB decreased PES1‐facilitated ubiquitination of VE‐cadherin. The KD suppressed the diabetes‐induced increase in PES1, which may result in vascular hyperpermeability through ubiquitination of VE‐cadherin in type 2 diabetic mice.
Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying flood‐related adaptive behaviors in the province of Québec, Canada
Authors: Jacob Johann , Valois Pierre , Tessier Maxime , Talbot Denis , Anctil François , Cloutier Geneviève , Renaud Jean‐Sébastien 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGiven that flooding episodes are occurring at a greater rate due to climate change, individuals must adopt certain adaptation behaviors to prevent or mitigate the anticipated or negative impact of such events. However, few studies have assessed if and how households and individuals have actually taken action in this regard. Because some individual beliefs can be linked to facilitating factors and barriers to action, a better understanding of the adoption of adaptive behaviors requires a combined analysis of individual psychosocial factors. The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of the reasons underlying the adoption of behaviors related to structural adaptation to flooding by people living in or near flood‐prone areas in the Province of Québec (Canada). Results of a series of structural equation modeling showed that behavioral, normative and control beliefs were all significant predictors of the respondents' intention to adopt structural flood protective behaviors, with normative beliefs being the strongest. By identifying the best psychosocial predictors of the adoption of such behaviors, the results of this study provide valuable insights regarding the most effective factors to be used in public health messages to promote the adoption of behaviors related to structural adaptation to flooding.
Prospective memory in early and established psychosis: An Indian perspective
Authors: Rao Pulijala Sulakshana , Rangaswamy Madhavi , Evans Jonathan , Dutt Anirban 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIndividuals affected by psychosis often have deficits in several neurocognitive functions. Prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember to do things, is crucial for activities of daily living, social and occupational functioning, but very few studies have attempted to examine this domain of functioning in people with psychosis, particularly in India. A total of 71 patients with psychosis, (both early and established psychosis), and 140 age, gender and education‐matched healthy controls were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination. PM was assessed using the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). Group differences were evaluated using Mann–Whitney U‐tests. Significantly greater cognitive deficits, higher anxiety and depression were evident in the psychosis group compared with controls. The psychosis group performed significantly poorer on both time‐ and event‐based tests in CAMPROMPT than controls. These differences remained when controlling for age, education, general cognitive functioning and mood. The subjective measure of PM (PRMQ) did not differentiate the two groups. The PM performance of early and established psychosis patients was similar. Comparisons with cross‐cultural data (PRMQ UK norms and CAMPROMPT and PRMQ Chinese data) revealed important differences in PM performance. Individuals with psychosis have significant deficits in both time‐ and event‐based PM. CAMPROMPT emerged as a more sensitive PM measure compared with PRMQ. Results from cross‐cultural comparisons underscore the need for cultural contextualization of assessments.
Acute vulvar ulcer as a possible adverse event of gene‐basedCOVID‐19 vaccines: A review of 14 cases
Authors: Kanetani Hiromi , Obuchi Tomoka , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Shozu Makio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether an acute vulvar ulcer that developed after the COVID‐19 vaccine administration is an adverse effect of the vaccine.MethodsThis is a descriptive study of two cases that we observed in addition to cases that have been reported in the literature. We searched for case reports in the PubMed. The consistency of clinical manifestations among cases and the association between ulceration and vaccination were assessed.ResultsFourteen female patients were identified, including 12 patients from 8 literatures published in 2021 and 2022 and 2 patients from our cases. Of the 14 patients, 11 had received the BNT162b2 vaccine, 2 had received the ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 vaccine, and one had received the mRNA‐1273 vaccine. The patient's ages were 16.9 ± 5.0 (mean ± SD) years. Postvaccination, the disease progressed in the following sequence (time interval from vaccination): fever and other systemic inflammatory reactions (0.9 ± 0.4 days), development of vulvar ulcers (2.4 ± 1.2 days), and resolution of the ulcer (16.9 ± 7.4 days). The ulcers eventually healed in all cases, except one where the prognosis was not noted. For two‐dose vaccine recipients, more patients developed the ulcer after the full vaccination (the second or third doses) compared with after the first dose:n = 10 andn = 2, respectively.ConclusionThe acute vulvar ulcer was closely associated with COVID‐19 vaccination in terms of temporality and vaccine doses, supporting the notion that a vulvar ulcer is an adverse event of the COVID‐19 vaccines.
Physicians' knowledge of invasive fungal disease in China
Authors: Chen Yijian , Huang Xiaojun , Qiu Haibo , Cheng Linling , Yu Yunsong , Ma Xiaochun , Feng Sizhou , Li Qi , Wu Depei , Huang Wenxiang , Chen Dechang , Lv Xiaoju , Hu Jianda , Wang Jingbo , Li Jiabin , Yang Wenjie , Zhan Qingyuan , Sun Bing , Wang Minggui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundInvasive fungal disease (IFD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Data are lacking regarding physicians' perspectives on the diagnosis and management of IFD in China.ObjectivesTo evaluate physicians' perspectives on the diagnosis and management of IFD.MethodsBased on current guidelines, a questionnaire was designed and administered to 294 physicians working in haematology departments, intensive care units, respiratory departments and infectious diseases departments in 18 hospitals in China.ResultsThe total score and subsection scores for invasive candidiasis, invasive aspergillosis (IA), cryptococcosis and invasive mucormycosis (IM) were 72.0 ± 12.2 (maximum = 100), 11.1 ± 2.7 (maximum = 19), 43.0 ± 7.8 (maximum = 57), 8.1 ± 2.0 (maximum = 11) and 9.8 ± 2.3 (maximum = 13), respectively. Although the perspectives of the Chinese physicians were in good overall agreement with guideline recommendations, some knowledge gaps were identified. Specific areas in which the physicians' perspectives and guideline recommendations differed included use of the β‐D‐glucan test to facilitate the diagnosis of IFD, relative utility of the serum galactomannan test and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid galactomannan test in patients with agranulocytosis, use of imaging in the diagnosis of mucormycosis, risk factors for mucormycosis, indications for initiating antifungal therapy in patients with haematological malignancies, when to start empirical therapy in mechanically ventilated patients, first‐line drugs for mucormycosis and treatment courses for IA and IM.ConclusionThis study highlights the main areas that could be targeted by training programs to improve the knowledge of physicians treating patients with IFD in China.
A Mixed Frequency BVAR for the Euro Area Labour Market*
Authors: Consolo Agostino , Foroni Claudia , Martínez Hernández Catalina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe introduce a Bayesian mixed frequency VAR model for the aggregate euro area labour market that features a structural identification via sign restrictions. The purpose of this paper is twofold: we aim at (i) providing reliable and timely forecasts of key labour market variables and (ii) enhancing the economic interpretation of the main movements in the labour market. We find satisfactory results in terms of nowcasting and forecasting, especially for employment growth. Furthermore, we look into the shocks that drove the labour market and macroeconomic dynamics from 2002 to 2022, with an insight also on the COVID‐19 recession. While demand shocks were the main drivers during the Global Financial Crisis, technology and wage bargaining factors, reflecting the degree of lockdown‐related restrictions and job retention schemes, have been important drivers of key labour market variables during the pandemic.
Chinese and Indian interpretations of pain: A qualitative evidence synthesis to facilitate chronic pain management
Authors: Lewis Gwyn N. , Shaikh Nusratnaaz , Wang Grace , Chaudhary Shikha , Bean Debbie J. , Terry Gareth 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivePeople from minority ethnicities often have a greater impact of chronic pain, are underrepresented at pain services, and may not benefit from treatment to the same extent as dominant cultures. The aim of this study was to review Indian and Chinese cultural views of pain and pain management, as a basis for improving management of chronic pain in migrant populations from these ethnicities.MethodsA systematic review of qualitative studies addressing pain beliefs and experiences involving Indian and Chinese participants was conducted. Thematic synthesis was used to identify themes across the studies, and the quality of the articles was appraised.ResultsTwenty‐six articles were included, most of which were appraised as high quality. Five themes were identified: Making meaning of pain described the holistic interpretation of the meaning of pain; Pain is disabling and distressing described the marked physical, psychological, and spiritual impact of pain; Pain should be endured described the cultural expectation to suppress responses to pain and not be a burden; Pain brings strength and spiritual growth described the enrichment and empowerment some people experienced through living with pain, and Management of pain goes beyond a traditional or Western approach described the factors that guided people in their use of healthcare.DiscussionThe review identified a holistic interpretation and impact of pain in Indian and Chinese populations, with pain management guided by multiple factors that transcended a single cultural framework. Several strength‐based management strategies are recommended based on preferences for traditional treatments and respect for Western healthcare.
Recommendations to standardize patients' follow‐up after interventional procedures in chronic pain treatment: A Delphi study
Authors: de la Calle José Luis , Abejón David , Canós‐Verdecho Ángeles , Cid José , López Pais Pablo , Mareque María , de las Heras Ana , Casado Miguel Ángel , Álvarez María 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine, using the Delphi method, standardized recommendations for the follow‐up of patients undergoing an interventional procedure for the treatment of chronic pain in Spain.MethodsFirst, a systematic literature review was performed to identify the literature on the management of patients with chronic pain undergoing interventional techniques; subsequently, a two‐round Delphi survey with 108 questions was conducted. The questionnaire was validated by a Scientific Committee (5 experts) and sent to 47 experts specialized in chronic pain. “Consensus” or “intermediate consensus” was determined when ≥ 75% or < 75% to ≥ 65% of the experts selected the same answer for each item, respectively. Then, a face‐to‐face deliberation process was held with the Scientific Committee to analyze and discuss the results.ResultsThe questionnaire was completed by 24 panelists (51%). Consensus was reached on 88.4% of the questions. The panelists identified pain, drug consumption, and quality of life as essential variables in the follow‐up of patients with chronic pain. Consensus was reached on most of the scales/questionnaires to be used in measuring outcomes during follow‐up, except for psychological status. Regarding the follow‐up frequency, in radicular spinal chronic pain, a consensus was reached on the first visit 1–2 months after the intervention, during the first year, at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, and then every 6 months thereafter. For non‐radicular spinal chronic pain, the first visit 1–2 months after surgery was agreed upon, however, there was no consensus on follow‐up during the first year. For non‐spinal chronic pain, consensus was reached regarding the first visit at 1–2 months after surgery and during the first year at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. No consensus was reached on follow‐up frequency for oncological chronic pain. After receiving a permanent neurostimulator implant for chronic pain, the first visit was agreed upon at 1–3 weeks, during the first year, at 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, and after, every 6 months. For intrathecal infusion, it was agreed that the first visit should occur during the first month, and thereafter whenever the pump requires a refill.ConclusionsThese findings provide recommendations in relation to the frequency of follow‐up and the scales to be used with chronic pain patients undergoing interventional techniques in Spain.
Online daters' reactions to sexually explicit initiation messages
Authors: Lilly Amanda E. , Buehler Emily M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study used expectancy violations theory and uses and gratifications theory to conduct an experiment investigating how the content of relationship initiation messages, recipients' gender, and recipients' motives for using online dating applications shape whether and how the initiation message violates recipients' expectations. Participants (N = 275) were recruited through an emergent adult population at a large Midwestern university and identified primarily as women (66.7%), heterosexual (79%), and white (64.5%). Participants were randomly assigned to imagine matching with someone through online dating who sent either a traditional greeting or sexually explicit content in their initial message. As predicted, receiving a sexually explicit message was more unexpected and perceived more negatively than receiving an ordinary greeting, but the intensity of that negative reaction was moderated by users' motives for using online dating apps and gender. Negative reactions to receiving sexually explicit content were amplified for women and individuals interested in long‐term relationships. Negative reactions were dampened for men and online daters interested in casual sexual relationships. The implications of the findings are discussed in relation to expectancy violations theory and research on relationship initiation in online contexts.