bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolving the Horizontal Direction of Internal Tide Generation: Global Application for the M2 Tide’s First Mode
Authors: Pollmann Friederike , Nycander Jonas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Breaking internal tides contribute substantially to small-scale turbulent mixing in the ocean interior and hence to maintaining the large-scale overturning circulation. How much internal tide energy is available for ocean mixing can be estimated by using semianalytical methods based on linear theory. Until recently, a method resolving the horizontal direction of the internal waves generated by conversion of the barotropic tide was lacking. We here present the first global application of such a method to the first vertical mode of the principal lunar semidiurnal internal tide. We also show that the effect of supercritical slopes on the modally decomposed internal tides is different than previously suggested. To deal with this the continental shelf and the shelf slope are masked in the global computation. The global energy conversion obtained agrees roughly with the previous results by Falahat et al. if the mask is applied to their result, which decreases their energy conversion by half. Thus, around half of the energy conversion obtained by their linear calculations occurs at continental slopes and shelves, where linear theory tends to break down. The barotropic-to-baroclinic energy flux at subcritical slopes away from the continental margins is shown to vary substantially with direction depending on the shape and orientation of topographic obstacles and the direction of the local tidal currents. Taking this additional information into account in tidal mixing parameterizations could have important ramifications for vertical mixing and water mass properties in global numerical simulations.
Optimal control of critical fresh air volume based on sectional adjustment of fresh air and return air dampers
Authors: Zhao Tianyi , Qu Ziyi , Xing Han , Ma Liangdong , Li Xiuming 
Published: March 2023

During the regulation process of VAV systems, the supply air volume changes with the real time load changes, which will cause the fresh air volume to deviate from its set value. Insufficient fresh air results in poor IAQ, whereas an excessive fresh air increases energy consumption. Therefore, an effective method to control the fresh air volume is essential for VAV systems. Based on the differential pressure control theory, two improved control methods—the fresh air section static pressure control method and the critical air volume control method—are proposed herein. Three control methods were compared through experimental study. The results indicate that differential pressure in the first improved method is higher than that in the differential pressure control method, which increases the ease of measurement. However, both these methods have approximately 15% to 25% errors when the supply air volume is small. The critical air volume control method provides more precise control of the fresh air volume, and eliminates deviations at small supply air volumes. Furthermore, the fan power is reduced as well. Investigation has demonstrated that the critical air volume control method is energy-efficient, and can provide new insights into optimized energy-saving control methods for VAV systems. This work proposed a fresh air volume control method of VAV system, the critical air volume control method. This method improves the control accuracy and the convenience of differential pressure measurement of VAV system. The reliability of the method was verified on the test rig, and it is similar to the engineering situation. Therefore, this method has practical application value. Also this method reduces the fan energy consumption of VAV system, thereby improving energy efficiency and reducing operating costs.
The Combination of JAK2V617F Allele Burden and WT1 Expression can Be Helpful in Distinguishing the Subtype of MPN Patients
Authors: Wu Sanyun , Luo Ping , Rouzi Tuerxunayi , Yu Yalan , Xiong Bei , Wang Yingying , Zuo Xuelan 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Classical Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) includes Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), Polycythemia Vera (PV) and Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF). The JAK2V617F mutation is part of the major criteria for diagnosis of MPN. WT1 is reported to be highly overexpressed in most hematological malignancy. Our aim was to explore the combination value of JAK2V617F allele burden and WT1 expression in distinguishing the subtype of MPN patients. Methods Allele specific real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR (AS-qPCR) was conducted to detect JAK2V617F allele burden. WT1 expression was assessed by RQ-PCR. Our study is a retrospective study. Results JAK2V617F allele burden and WT1 expression were different in MPN subgroups. The expression of WT1 in PMF and PV is higher than in ET. JAK2V617F allele burden in PMF and PV is also higher than in ET. ROC analysis indicated that combination of JAK2V617F allele burden and WT1 expression to discriminate ET and PV, ET and PMF, PV and PMF is 0.956, 0.871, 0.737 respectively. Furthermore, their ability to distinguish ET patients with high Hb levels from PV patients with high platelet counts is 0.891. Conclusions Our data revealed that combination of JAK2V617F allele burden and WT1 expression is useful in distinguishing the subtype of MPN patients.
Only 10% of Patients With a Concomitant MCL Injury Return to Their Preinjury Level of Sport 1 Year After ACL Reconstruction: A Matched Comparison With Isolated ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Svantesson Eleonor , Piussi Ramana , Beischer Susanne , Thomeé Christoffer , Samuelsson Kristian , Karlsson Jón , Thomeé Roland , Hamrin Senorski Eric 
Published: March 2023

Background: There is a need for an increased understanding of the way a concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury may influence outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Hypothesis: Patients with a concomitant MCL injury would have inferior clinical outcomes compared with a matched cohort of patients undergoing ACL reconstruction without an MCL injury. Study Design: Matched registry-based cohort study; case-control. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry and a local rehabilitation outcome registry were utilized. Patients who had undergone a primary ACL reconstruction with a concomitant nonsurgically treated MCL injury (ACL + MCL group) were matched with patients who had undergone an ACL reconstruction without an MCL injury (ACL group), in a 1:3 ratio. The primary outcome was return to knee-strenuous sport, defined as a Tegner activity scale ≥6, at the 1-year follow-up. In addition, return to preinjury level of sport, muscle function tests, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were compared between the groups. Results: The ACL + MCL group comprised 30 patients, matched with 90 patients in the ACL group. At the 1-year follow-up, 14 patients (46.7%) in the ACL + MCL group had return to sport (RTS) compared with 44 patients (48.9%) in the ACL group ( P = 0.37). A significantly lower proportion of patients in the ACL + MCL group had returned to their preinjury level of sport compared with the ACL group (10.0% compared with 25.6%, adjusted P = 0.01). No differences were found between the groups across a battery of strength and hop tests or in any of the assessed PROs. The ACL + MCL group reported a mean 1-year ACL-RSI after injury of 59.4 (SD 21.6), whereas the ACL group reported 57.9 (SD 19.4), P = 0.60. Conclusion: Patients with a concomitant nonsurgically treated MCL injury did not return to their preinjury level of sport to the same extent as patients without an MCL injury 1 year after ACL reconstruction. However, there was no difference between the groups in terms of return to knee strenuous activity, muscle function, or PROs. Clinical Relevance: Patients with a concomitant nonsurgically treated MCL injury may reach outcomes similar to those of patients without an MCL injury 1 year after an ACL reconstruction. However, few patients return to their preinjury level of sport at 1 year.
Time and Motion at the Endoscopy Unit—A University Hospital Experience
Authors: Söderberg Simon , Nyhlin Nils , Moro Axelina , Figaro Christina , Fransson Emelie , Stefansdotter Jennie , Schagerström Malin , Lindblad Maria , Ahlzén Martin , Zukovets Olga , Borell Sofia , Johansson Viktoria , Axman Marianne , Wendt Anette , Falck Hanna , van Nieuwenhoven Michiel A. 
Published: March 2023

Background/aims An effective workflow at the endoscopy unit is important for optimal production. We conducted a time-and-motion study to identify the amount of time that patients spend during the different steps of a regular endoscopy procedure and compared propofol with midazolam sedation. Methods Data from 376 patients were prospectively collected. Durations of the different procedure steps were measured. Correlations between recovery times, age, and dose of sedative were calculated. Multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate how various factors affect recovery time. Results The use of midazolam resulted in significantly shorter procedure duration for gastroscopy (5.1 vs 8.3 min), shorter endoscopist delay duration for either types of endoscopy (5.9 vs 8.3 min for gastroscopy and 6.7 vs 11.4 min for colonoscopy), shorter endoscopy room duration for gastroscopy (22.2 vs 30.0 min), shorter recovery time for colonoscopy (23.4 vs 27.4 min) and shorter Endoscopy Unit Duration for either type of endoscopy (77.1 vs 101.4 min for gastroscopy and 99.6 vs 123.2 min for colonoscopy). There was a weak correlation between dose of midazolam and recovery time. Conclusions In contrast to other studies, propofol administration leads to more time spent at different steps in the workflow at our unit. Implementing propofol sedation will not improve efficacy if other steps in the workflow are not taken into account.
Switching performance assessment of gate-all-around InAs–Si vertical TFET with triple metal gate, a simulation study
Authors: Madadi Dariush , Mohammadi Saeed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study presents a gate-all-around InAs–Si vertical tunnel field-effect transistor with a triple metal gate (VTG-TFET). We obtained improved switching characteristics for the proposed design because of the improved electrostatic control on the channel and the narrow bandgap source. It shows an Ion of 392 μA/μm, an Ioff of 8.8 × 10−17 A/μm, an Ion/Ioff ratio of about 4.4 × 1012, and a minimum subthreshold slope of 9.3 mV/dec at Vd = 1 V. We also analyze the influence of the gate oxide and metal work functions on the transistor characteristics. A numerical device simulator, calibrated to the experimental data of a vertical InAs–Si gate all around TFET, is used to accurately predict different features of the device. Our simulations demonstrate that the proposed vertical TFET, as a fast-switching and very low power device, is a promising transistor for digital applications.
Precise diagnosis and typing of early-stage renal immunoglobulin-derived amyloidosis by label-free quantification of parallel reaction monitoring-based targeted proteomics
Authors: Li Yuan , Zhang Ying , Zhou Xinjin , Xue Xinli , Wang Muxi , Kang Dedong , Zhou Yali , Hu Ruimin , Quan Songxia , Xing Guolan , Yang Jinghua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Early diagnosis and typing are crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with renal amyloidosis. Currently, Untargeted proteomics based precise diagnosis and typing of amyloid deposits are crucial for guiding patient management. Although untargeted proteomics achieve ultra-high-throughput by selecting the most abundant eluting cationic peptide precursors in series for tandem MS events, it lacks in sensitivity and reproducibility, which may not be suitable for early-stage renal amyloidosis with minor damages. Here, we aimed to develop parallel reaction monitoring (PRM)-based targeted proteomics to achieve high sensitivity and specificity by determining absolute abundances and codetecting all transitions of highly repeatable peptides of preselected amyloid signature and typing proteins in identifying early-stage renal immunoglobulin-derived amyloidosis.

Methods and results
In 10 discovery cohort cases, Congo red-stained FFPE slices were micro-dissected and analyzed by data-dependent acquisition-based untargeted proteomics for preselection of typing specific proteins and peptides. Further, a list of proteolytic peptides from amyloidogenic proteins and internal standard proteins were quantified by PRM-based targeted proteomics to validate performance for diagnosis and typing in 26 validation cohort cases. The diagnosis and typing effectiveness of PRM-based targeted proteomics in 10 early-stage renal amyloid cases was assessed via a comparison with untargeted proteomics. A peptide panel of amyloid signature proteins, immunoglobulin light chain and heave chain in PRM-based targeted proteomics showed significantly distinguishing ability and amyloid typing performance in patients. The diagnostic algorithm of targeted proteomics with a low amount of amyloid deposits in early-stage renal immunoglobulin-derived amyloidosis showed better performance than untargeted proteomics in amyloidosis typing.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that the utility of these prioritized peptides in PRM-based targeted proteomics ensure high sensitivity and reliability for identifying early-stage renal amyloidosis. Owing to the development and clinical application of this method, rapid acceleration of the early diagnosis, and typing of renal amyloidosis is expected.
AMPA and NMDA receptor antibody autoimmune encephalitis preceded by ocular myasthenia gravis: a case report
Authors: Schäfer Jakob , Christensen Peter Brøgger , Jensen Kimmo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the brain and may be targeted by autoantibodies, leading to autoimmune synaptic encephalitis (AE). AE can be associated with other autoimmune diseases. However, the cooccurrence of anti-AMPA and NMDA receptor AE together with myasthenia gravis (MG) is unusual.

Case presentation
A 24-year-old previously healthy male presented with seronegative ocular MG, the diagnosis of which was supported by single-fiber electrophysiology findings. Three months later, he developed AE, initially being positive for AMPA receptor antibodies and subsequently for NMDA receptor antibodies. No underlying malignancy was found. In response to aggressive immunosuppressive treatment, he recovered (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score change from 5 to 1). Despite some cognitive problems at the 1-year follow-up, which were not revealed using the mRS, he was able to return to his studies.

Conclusions
AE may coexist with other autoimmune disorders. Patients with seronegative MG, including ocular MG, may develop autoimmune encephalitis with more than one cell-surface antibody.
Diagnostic value of combining preoperative inflammatory markers ratios with CA199 for patients with early-stage pancreatic cancer
Authors: Gu Yuanlong , Hua Qianjin , Li Zhipeng , Zhang Xingli , Lou Changjie , Zhang Yangfen , Wang Wei , Cai Peiyuan , Zhao Juan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
An early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC) is extremely difficult because of the lack of sensitive liquid biopsy methods and effective biomarkers. We attempted to evaluate whether circulating inflammatory marker could complement CA199 for the detection of early-stage PC.

Methods
We enrolled 430 patients with early-stage PC, 287 patients with other pancreatic tumors (OPT), and 401 healthy controls (HC). The patients and HC were randomly divided into a training set (n = 872) and two testing sets (n1 = 218, n2 = 28). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were investigated to evaluate the diagnostic performance of circulating inflammatory markers ratios, CA199, and combinations of the markers ratios in the training set, which would then be validated in the two testing sets.

Results
Circulating fibrinogen, neutrophils, and monocytes in patients with PC were significantly higher while circulating albumin, prealbumin, lymphocytes, and platelets of patients with PC were significantly lower compared to those of HC and OPT (all P < 0.05). The fibrinogen-to-albumin (FAR), fibrinogen-to-prealbumin (FPR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), and fibrinogen-to-lymphocyte (FLR) ratios were significantly higher while the prognostic nutrition index values (PNI) were lower in patients with PC than in HC and OPT (all P < 0.05). Combining the FAR, FPR, and FLR with CA199 exhibited the best diagnostic value for distinguishing patients with early-stage PC from HC with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.964, and for distinguishing patients with early-stage PC from OPT with an AUC of 0.924 in the training sets. In the testing set, compared with HC, the combination markers had powerful efficiency for PC with an AUC 0.947 and AUC 0.942 when comparing PC with OPT. The AUC was 0.915 for the combination of CA199, FAR, FPR, and FLR for differentiating between patients with pancreatic head cancer (PHC) and other pancreatic head tumors (OPHT), and 0.894 for differentiating between patients with pancreatic body and tail cancer (PBTC) and other pancreatic body and tail tumors (OPBTT).

Conclusion
A combination of FAR, FPR, FLR, and CA199 may serve as a potential non-invasive biomarker for differentiating early-stage PC from HC and OPT, especially early-stage PHC.
Child exposure to domestic violence, substance dependence and suicide resilience in child laborers
Authors: Mohammadi Fateme , Oshvandi Khodayar , Shamsaei Farshid , Khodaveisi Masoud , Khazaei Salman , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Child laborers are often defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. Child laborers are one of the most vulnerable groups in domestic violence. Domestic violence severely affects the physical and mental health, and consequently affects substance dependence and resilience to suicide of these children. Accordingly, it is essential to examine domestic violence, substance dependence, and suicidal ideation in working children.

Objectives
the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to domestic violence and substance dependence and suicide resilience on the other among child laborers in Iran.

Methods
This study employed cross-sectional research. 600 child laborers were selected via convenience and snow ball sampling from one rehabilitation and welfare center and three charity organization societies in the west of Iran, from January to August 2022. They completed questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 and with using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and ANOVA, independent t-test and the multiple linear regression model with a backward strategy.

Results
Findings showed that exposure to domestic violence has a strong and direct correlation with substance dependence (r = 0.94, p < 0.001) and strong and indirect correlation with suicide resilience (r =- 0.91, p < 0.001). Also substance dependence has a strong and direct correlation with suicide resilience (r = -0.87, p < 0.001) in child laborers. Variables of substance dependence, suicide resilience, gender, guardian’s disease status, living status and age can predict 76.51% of the variance in domestic violence in these children.

Conclusion
Child laborers experience a lot of domestic violence, which severely affects their suicide resilience and substance dependence in them. Therefore, there is an urgent need for systematic support programs with content (teaching self-care behaviors, stress management, avoiding tense and violent environments) in order to support of these children and reduce domestic violence against them and subsequently reduce substance improve abuse resilience to suicide in these children.
Association of spinopelvic index with proximal junctional failure developing in adult spinal deformity after surgical treatment: an observational study
Authors: Zhang Zifang , Chen Shang , Jia Shu , Chen Renchang , Li Nianhu , Meng Chunyang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Those pelvic parameters of sacral slope (SS) and pelvic tilt (PT) correlated significantly to lumbar spine and hip joints respectively. We proposed the match between SS and PT, namely spinopelvic index (SPI), in order to investigate whether the SPI correlated to proximal junctional failure (PJF) in adult spinal deformity (ASD) after correction surgery.

Methods
Ninety-nine ASD patients who had undergone long-fusion (≥ 5 vertebras) surgeries were reviewed retrospectively in two medical institutions from January 2018 to December 2019. Those SPI were calculated with the equation: SPI = SS/PT, and analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. All participants were subdivided into the observational and control group. Comparisons of demographics, surgical and radiographic data between the two groups were performed. A Kaplan–Meier curve and log-rank test was used to analyze the differences in PJF-free survival time, and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were recorded respectively.

Results
Nineteen patients suffering from PJF had much smaller postoperative SPI (P = 0.015), but much larger TK postoperatively (P < 0.001). ROC analysis determined the best cutoff value of 0.82 for SPI (sensitivity = 88.5%, specificity = 57.9%; AUC = 0.719, 95%CI: 0.612–0.864; P = 0.003). There were 19 and 80 cases in the observational (SPI ≤ 0.82) and control group (SPI > 0.82) respectively. The incidence of PJF in the observational group was much higher (11/19 VS 8/80, P < 0.001); further logistic regression analysis showed that SPI ≤ 0.82 was associated with increased odds of PJF (odds ratio: 12.375; 95%CI: 3.851–39.771). PJF-free survival time in the observational group decreased significantly (P < 0.001, log-rank test), moreover, multivariate analysis demonstrated that a value of SPI ≤ 0.82 (HR 6.626, 95%CI: 1.981–12.165) was significantly associated with PJF.

Conclusions
For ASD patients underwent long-fusion surgeries, the SPI should be over 0.82. The incidence of PJF may increase by 12-fold in such individuals with the immediate SPI ≤ 0.82 postoperatively.
Independent and interactive effect of type 2 diabetes and hypertension on memory functions in middle aged adults
Authors: Kálcza Jánosi Kinga , Lukács Andrea 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The study distinguishes the effect of type 2 diabetes and hypertension on cognitive functions when the two diseases are alone or when they occur together, compared to healthy individuals.

Methods
A total of 143 middle-aged adults were screened using the Wechsler Memory Scale – Revised psychometric test (verbal memory, visual memory, attention/concentration and delayed memory). Participants were divided into four groups based on their diseases: patients with type 2 diabetes (36), patients with hypertension (30), patients having both diseases (33), and healthy controls (44).

Results
This study found no differences among investigated groups in verbal and visual memory, however, hypertension and both-disease group performed unfavorably compared to patients with diabetes and to healthy individuals in attention/concentration and delayed memory.

Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that there is a relationship between hypertension and cognitive dysfunction, whereas type 2 diabetes without consequences was not proved to have an association with cognitive decline in middle-aged people.