bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
System Design of a Customized Solar Photovoltaic Power System for a Microcontroller-based Weather Station in Minna, Nigeria
Authors: A. G. Ibrahim, , J. E. Eiche, , I. J. Ughanze, , M. N. Usman 
Published: January 2025

In atmospheric and meteorological studies, missing values in acquired research data possess serious challenge on the integrity of research output emanating from their use. Missing values or readings may arise due to temporal or permanent failure in power supply to the measuring weather station. In this work, effort was made to address the fundamental issue of remote power at a standalone solar powered weather stations by professionally applying solar photovoltaic power system installation technique and the requisite knowledge of local parameters of the installed location to design a customize power supply pack for the weather station. The protocol involves an elaborate electrical load assessment and analysis of the weather station, followed by an independent component wise design formulation leading to selection of suitable solar module, battery, charge controller and voltage regulator along with their outdoor installation design. It was recommended that the design be validated using solar photovoltaic software followed by physical implementation which should be done in line with the system and installation design.
Perspectiva ou realidade: uma análise da endodontia guiada
Authors: Cedraz Carolina Marinho , Araújo Danilo Barral de , Matta Mônica Cardoso da 
Published: January 2025

Introdução: o tratamento endodôntico consiste no esvaziamento e desinfecção dos canais radiculares. O sucesso do tratamento, por vezes, pode ser comprometido por complicações como canais calcificados, coroas protéticas que dificultam acesso aos canais e lesões periapicais persistentes. Visando a resolução de casos complexos na endodontia, de forma mais eficaz e segura, surge a endodontia guiada, tecnologia recente que envolve planejamento tomográfico, resultando em um modelo 3D. Objetivo: avaliar a percepção e o conhecimento de endodontistas acerca da endodontia guiada. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, em que, através de um formulário on-line, foi avaliado o nível de conhecimento e a percepção de endodontistas sobre a endodontia guiada. O formulário foi enviado através de redes sociais, entre os meses de junho e julho de 2024. Resultados: observou-se que 100% dos indivíduos da amostra já tinham ouvido falar sobre endodontia guiada, embora, para 44,7% deles, o estudo da endodontia guiada não estivesse incluído no conteúdo programático da pós-graduação. A maioria, 85 respondentes, utilizam a endodontia guiada para a resolução de casos complexos, comumente para canais radiculares calcificados (66%), microcirurgia endodôntica (51,5%) e remoção de pino de fibra de vidro (31,1%). Conclusão – A endodontia guiada está sendo cada vez mais adotada por profissionais, em função de promover eficácia, segurança e conforto, destacando-se a importância de atualização contínua dos profissionais para maximizar os benefícios dessa técnica.
Trends in Psychological Distress Among Adults in England, 2020-2022
Authors: Jackson Sarah E. , Brown Jamie , Shahab Lion , McNeill Ann , Munafò Marcus R. , Brose Leonie 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceIn the last 3 years, people in England have lived through a pandemic and cost-of-living and health care crises, all of which may have contributed to worsening mental health in the population.ObjectiveTo estimate trends in psychological distress among adults over this period and to examine differences by key potential moderators.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA monthly cross-sectional, nationally representative household survey of adults aged 18 years or older was conducted in England between April 2020 and December 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPast-month distress was assessed with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Time trends in any distress (moderate to severe, scores ≥5) and severe distress (scores ≥13) were modeled, and interactions with age, gender, occupational social grade, children in the household, smoking status, and drinking risk status were tested.ResultsData were collected from 51 861 adults (weighted mean [SD] age, 48.6 [18.5] years; 26 609 women [51.3%]). There was little overall change in the proportion of respondents reporting any distress (from 34.5% to 32.0%; prevalence ratio [PR], 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87-0.99), but the proportion reporting severe distress increased by 46%, from 5.7% to 8.3% (PR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.21-1.76). Although trends differed by sociodemographic characteristics, smoking, and drinking, the increase in severe distress was observed across all subgroups (with PR estimates ranging from 1.17 to 2.16), with the exception of those aged 65 years and older (PR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.43-1.38); the increase was particularly pronounced since late 2021 among those younger than 25 years (increasing from 13.6% in December 2021 to 20.2% in December 2022).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this survey study of adults in England, the proportion reporting any psychological distress was similar in December 2022 to that in April 2020 (an extremely difficult and uncertain moment of the COVID-19 pandemic), but the proportion reporting severe distress was 46% higher. These findings provide evidence of a growing mental health crisis in England and underscore an urgent need to address its cause and to adequately fund mental health services.
Face pareidolia in products: The effect of emotional content on attentional capture, eagerness to explore, and likelihood to purchase
Authors: Noble Erin , Wodehouse Andrew , Robertson David J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFace‐like configurations can be perceived in everyday products. This perceptual phenomenon is known as face pareidolia. However, few studies have investigated the perception of pareidolic emotion in such products and the effect it could have on consumer behaviour. Therefore, in this study, across two experiments, we test the extent to which participants perceive core human emotions in products with pareidolic configurations (Experiment 1), and how this affects key consumer metrics (i.e., likely attentional capture, eagerness to explore, likelihood to purchase; Experiment 2). The findings show that these products do elicit the full range of affective content, with variation in perceived emotional intensity. Products with ‘happy’, ‘angry’ and ‘surprise’ configurations were likely to capture attention/promote product exploration, but only ‘happy’ products retained this advantage for purchasing decisions. Individual differences in mood and level of loneliness predicted likely engagement with these products. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Microphysiological Systems for Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Development
Authors: Peng Yansong , Lee Esak 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCancer immunotherapy focuses on the use of patients’ adaptive immune systems to combat cancer. In the past decade, FDA has approved many immunotherapy products for cancer patients who suffer from primary tumors, tumor relapse, and metastases. However, these immunotherapies still show resistance in many patients and often lead to inconsistent responses in patients due to variations in tumor genetic mutations and tumor immune microenvironment. Microfluidics‐based organ‐on‐a‐chip technologies or microphysiological systems have opened new ways that can provide relatively fast screening for personalized immunotherapy and help researchers and clinicians understand tumor‐immune interactions in a patient‐specific manner. They also have the potential to overcome the limitations of traditional drug screening and testing, given the models provide a more realistic 3D microenvironment with better controllability, reproducibility, and physiological relevance. This review focuses on the cutting‐edge microphysiological organ‐on‐a‐chip devices developed in recent years for studying cancer immunity and testing cancer immunotherapeutic agents, as well as some of the largest challenges of translating this technology to clinical applications in immunotherapy and personalized medicine.
A Specific Protective Mechanism Against Chloroplast Photo‐Reactive Oxygen Species in Phosphate‐Starved Rice Plants
Authors: Xu Zhan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhosphorus (Pi) starvation prevents a good match between light energy absorption and photosynthetic carbon metabolism, generating photo‐reactive oxygen species (photo‐ROS) in chloroplasts. Plants have evolved to withstand photo‐oxidative stress, but the key regulatory mechanism underlying it remains unclear. In rice (Oryza sativa), DEEP GREEN PANICLE1 (DGP1) is robustly up‐regulated in response to Pi deficiency. DGP1 decreases the DNA‐binding capacities of the transcriptional activators GLK1/2 on the photosynthetic genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, light harvesting, and electron transport. This Pi‐starvation‐induced mechanism dampens both electron transport rates through photosystem I and II (ETRI and ETRII) and thus mitigates the electron‐excessive stress in mesophyll cells. Meanwhile, DGP1 hijacks glycolytic enzymes GAPC1/2/3, redirecting glucose metabolism toward the pentose phosphate pathway with superfluous NADPH production. Phenotypically, light irradiation induces O2− production in Pi‐starved WT leaves but is observably accelerated in dgp1 mutant and impaired in GAPCsRNAi and glk1glk2 lines. Interestingly, overexpressed DGP1 in rice caused hyposensitivity to ROS‐inducers (catechin and methyl viologen), but the dgp1 mutant shows a similar inhibitory phenotype with the WT seedlings. Overall, the DGP1 gene serves as a specific antagonizer against photo‐ROS in Pi‐starved rice plants, which coordinates light‐absorbing and anti‐oxidative systems by orchestrating transcriptional and metabolic regulations, respectively.
Electrically Conductive Liquid Metal Composite Adhesives for Reversible Bonding of Soft Electronics
Authors: Haque A. B. M. Tahidul , Ho Dong Hae , Hwang Dohgyu , Tutika Ravi , Lee Chanhong , Bartlett Michael D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConductive adhesives are required for the integration of dissimilar material components to create soft electronic and robotic systems. Here, a heterogeneous liquid metal‐based conductive adhesive is developed that reversibly attaches to diverse surfaces with high stretchability (>100% strain), low modulus (<100 kPa), and strain‐invariant electrical conductivity. This SofT integrated composite with tacK through liquid metal (STICK‐LM) adhesive consists of a heterogeneous graded film with a liquid metal‐rich side that is embossed at prescribed locations for electrical conductivity and an electrically insulating adhesive side for integration. Adhesion behavior is tuned for adhesion energies > 70 Jm−2 (≈ 25x enhancement over unmodified composites) and described with a viscoelastic analysis, providing design guidelines for controllable yet reversible adhesion in electrically conductive systems. The architecture of STICK‐LM adhesives provides anisotropic and heterogeneous electrical conductivity and enables direct integration into soft functional systems. This is demonstrated with deformable fuses for robotic joints, repositionable electronics that rapidly attach on curvilinear surfaces, and stretchable adhesive conductors with nearly constant electrical resistance. This study provides a methodology for electrically conductive, reversible adhesives for electrical and mechanical integration of multicomponent systems in emerging technologies.
Self‐Healing and ‐Repair of Nanomechanical Damages in Lead Halide Perovskites
Authors: Parida Santanu , Kumar Sujit , Cherf Shiraz , Aharon Sigalit , Cahen David , Eren Baran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecovery from damage in materials helps extend their useful lifetime and of devices that contain them. Given that the photodamages in HaP materials and based devices are shown to recover, the question arises if this also applies to mechanical damages, especially those that can occur at the nanometer scale, relevant also in view of efforts to develop flexible HaP‐based devices. Here, this question is addressed by poking HaP single crystal surfaces with an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip under both ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) and variably controlled ambient water vapor pressure conditions. Sequential in situ AFM scanning allowed real‐time imaging of the morphological changes at the damaged sites. Using methylammonium (MA) and cesium (Cs) variants for A‐site cations in lead bromide perovskites, the experiments show that nanomechanical damages on methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) crystals heal an order of magnitude faster than Cs‐based ones in UHV. However, surprisingly, under ≥40% RH conditions, cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) shows MAPbBr3‐like fast healing kinetics. Direct evidence for ion solvation on CsPbBr3 is presented, leading to the formation of a surface hydration layer. The results imply that moisture improves the ionic mobility of degradation components and leads to water‐assisted improved healing, i.e., repair of nanomechanical damages in the HaPs.
Soft Robotic‐Adapted Multimodal Sensors Derived from Entirely Intrinsic Self‐Healing and Stretchable Cross‐Linked Networks
Authors: Dai Xingyi , Wu Yinghui , Liang Qihua , Yang Jingkun , Huang Long‐Biao , Kong Jie , Hao Jianhua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFlexible sensing technologies that play a pivotal role in endowing robots with detection capabilities and monitoring their motions are impulsively desired for intelligent robotics systems. However, integrating and constructing reliable and sustainable flexible sensors with multifunctionality for robots remains an everlasting challenge. Herein, an entirely intrinsic self‐healing, stretchable, and attachable multimodal sensor is developed that can be conformally integrated with soft robots to identify diverse signals. The dynamic bonds cross‐linked networks including the insulating polymer and conductive hydrogel with good comprehensive performances are designed to fabricate the sensor with prolonged lifespan and improved reliability. Benefiting from the self‐adhesiveness of the hydrogel, strong interfacial bonding can be formed on various surfaces, which promotes the conformable integration of the sensor with robots. Due to the ionic transportation mechanism, the sensor can detect strain and temperature based on piezoresistive and thermoresistive effect, respectively. Moreover, the sensor can work in triboelectric mode to achieve self‐powered sensing. Various information can be identified from the electrical signals generated by the sensor, including hand gestures, soft robot crawling motions, a message of code, the temperature of objects, and the type of materials, holding great promise in the fields of environmental detection, wearable devices, human‐machine interfacing, and robotics.
Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties of Ge1–xPbxCuySbyTeSe2y
Authors: Jin Yang , Ren Dudi , Qiu Yuting , Zhao Li‐Dong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBalancing the contradictory relationship between thermoelectric parameters, such as effective mass and carrier mobility, is a challenge to optimize thermoelectric performance. Herein, the exceptional thermoelectric performance is realized in GeTe through collaboratively optimizing the carrier and phonon transport via stepwise alloying Pb and CuSbSe2. The formation energy of Ge vacancy is efficiently bolstered by alloying Pb, which reduces carrier density and carrier scattering to maintain superior carrier mobility in GeTe. Additionally, CuSbSe2, acting as an n‐type dopant, further modulates carrier density and validly equilibrates carrier mobility and effective mass. Accordingly, the promising power factor of 45 µW cm−1 K−2 is achieved at 723 K. Meanwhile, point defects are found to significantly suppress phonons transport to descend lattice thermal conductivity by Pb and CuSbSe2 alloying, which barely impacts the carrier mobility. A combination with superior carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity, a maximum ZT of 2.2 is attained in Ge0.925Pb0.075Cu0.005Sb0.005TeSe0.01, which corresponds to a 100% promotion compared with that of intrinsic GeTe. This study provides a new indicator for optimizing carrier and phonon transport properties by balancing interrelated thermoelectric parameters.
Lithiation Enhances Electrocatalytic Iodine Conversion and Polyiodide Confinement in Iodine Host for Zinc–Iodine Batteries
Authors: Du Yiqun , Kang Rongkai , Jin Huixin , Zhou Wei , Zhang Wenyang , Wang Han , Qin Jingyu , Wan Jiaqi , Chen Guowen , Zhang Jianxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAqueous static zinc–iodine batteries attract tremendous attention because of their abundant reserves of iodine, nonflammable electrolyte, and facile assembly. Currently, scientific challenges for static zinc–iodine batteries include self‐discharge and sluggish kinetics. Herein, a lithiation approach for the iodine host to suppress the shuttle effect and catalyze iodine conversion is reported. Through regulating the d‐ and p‐band center and lowering the I−/I0 conversion barrier, Li+ intercalation into VS2 reinforces interaction with I3− and achieves catalytic conversion of iodine, ameliorating self‐discharge, and accelerating kinetics. Zinc–iodine batteries featuring LiVS2 as the iodine host reach a high iodine utilization, high Coulombic efficiencies, and a long cyclic lifespan. Notably, the performance enhancement mechanism is the thermodynamically favorable iodine conversion reaction, inhibition of the I3− appearance, and promotion of I3− consumption due to the Li+ insertion. The findings provide fundamental insights into tackling issues of static zinc–iodine batteries.
Pre‐buried Interface Strategy for Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Ordered Nucleation Crystallization
Authors: Dai Runying , Meng Xiangchuan , Zhang Jiaqi , Cai Zhixing , Tan Licheng , Chen Yiwang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe buried interface has important effect on carrier extraction and nonradiative recombination of perovksite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, to inactivate the buried interfacial defects of perovskite and boost the crystallization quality of perovskite film, 3‐amino‐1‐adamantanol (AAD) serves as a pre‐buried interface modifier on nickel oxide (NiOx) surface to regulate the nucleation and crystallization process of perovskite precursor. The amino and hydroxyl groups in AAD molecule can synchronously coordinate with nickel ion (Ni3+) in NiOx and lead ion in perovskite, respectively. The dual action favors the ordered arrangement of AAD molecules between NiOx and perovskite, which not only enhances hole extraction in hole transport layer, but also provides active sites for homogeneous nucleation. Furthermore, AAD modifier blocks the unfavorable reaction between Ni3+ and perovskite, and effectively passivates the buried interfacial defects. The optimal inverted PSCs achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 22.21% with negligible hysteresis, favorable thermal, optical, and long‐term stability. Thus, this strategy of modulating perovskite nucleation and crystallization by pre‐buried modifier is feasible for achieving efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells.
Interstitial Injection of Hydrogels with High‐Mechanical Conductivity Relieves Muscle Atrophy Induced by Nerve Injury
Authors: Li Kai , Zhu Yuting , Zhang Qiang , Shi Yahong , Yan Tun , Lu Xi , Sun Huizhen , Li Tingting , Li Zhongxian , Shi Xiaoli , Han Dong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInjectable hydrogels have been extensively used in tissue engineering where high mechanical properties are key for their functionality at sites of high physiological stress. In this study, an injectable, conductive hydrogel is developed exhibiting remarkable mechanical strength that can withstand a pressure of 500 kPa (85% deformation rate) and display good fatigue resistance, electrical conductivity, and tissue adhesion. A stable covalent cross‐linked network with a slip‐ring structure by threading amino β‐cyclodextrin is formed onto the chain of a four‐armed (polyethylene glycol) amino group, and then reacted with the four‐armed (polyethylene glycol) maleimide under physiological conditions. The addition of silver nanowires enhances the hydrogel's electrical conductivity, enabling it to act as a good conductor in vivo. The hydrogel is injected into the fascial space, and the results show that the weight and muscle tone of the atrophied gastrocnemius muscle improve, subsequently alleviating muscle atrophy. Overall, this study provides a simple method for the preparation of a conductive hydrogel with high mechanical properties. In addition, the interstitial injection provides a strategy for the use of hydrogels in vivo.
Designing a Dipole‐Scheme Heterostructure Based on Janus TMDCs for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Cheng Peng , Li Shuang , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDirect Z‐scheme heterostructures, with strong redox abilities, are promising candidates for solar‐driven water splitting. However, carriers' recombination at the interface results in the loss of at least half of the photogenerated carriers, leading to low efficiency of carrier utilization. To solve this issue, a novel dipole‐scheme for photocatalytic water splitting is proposed, by utilizing the synergistic effects of the intrinsic dipole in Janus materials and the interfacial electric field. This approach can separate the photogenerated carriers with strong redox ability and suppress the recombination of photogenerated carriers at interface. Density functional theory calculations indicate that, for the heterostructures including Janus materials, the total electric dipole points to the oxygen evolution photocatalyst from the hydrogen evolution photocatalyst decreases the redox potential for water splitting. Additionally, the opposite intrinsic dipole of two Janus layers can offset the total dipole of Janus heterostructure to obtain a moderate vacuum level difference ΔV for reducing the redox potential. Based on these findings, a highly efficient dipole‐scheme photocatalyst CrSSeCrSeTe (SeTe interface), with opposite intrinsic Janus dipole is predicted, which achieves a high solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency of 44%. This study provides a promising avenue for the design of highly efficient photocatalysts for overall water splitting with potential commercial applications.
C358X: A 2D Hexagon‐Free Carbon‐Based Anode Material for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhuang Jie , Li Zhihui , Cui Tian , Li Da 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite reports of 2D hexagon‐free carbon allotrope anode materials for Li‐ion batteries (LIBs), rate performance enhancement and the practical application of these materials are still major challenges. Here, a novel 2D hexagon‐free carbon allotrope C358X with a unique combination of triangular, pentagonal, octagonal, and decagonal rings is predicted to be a high‐performance anode material in LIBs. The special hexagon‐free configuration enables C358X to introduce many serviceable local strain regions and electron‐deficient regions on the surface. The formation of these regions is very important for enhancing the rate performance of C358X as an anode material for LIBs. C358X has rich adsorption active sites for lithium ions, a lower lithium‐ion diffusion energy barrier of 0.29 eV, a lower average open circuit voltage of 0.31 V, and a high theoretical capacity of 1116.7 mA h g−1. This work may facilitate the utilization of 2D carbon‐based anode materials for cost‐effective LIBs.