bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology‐enhanced simulation in emergency medicine: Updated systematic review and meta‐analysis 1991–2021
Authors: Hildreth Amy F. , Maggio Lauren A. , Iteen Alex , Wojahn Amanda L. , Cook David A. , Battista Alexis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundOver the past decade, the use of technology‐enhanced simulation in emergency medicine (EM) education has grown, yet we still lack a clear understanding of its effectiveness. This systematic review aims to identify and synthesize studies evaluating the comparative effectiveness of technology‐enhanced simulation in EM.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify EM simulation research that compares technology‐enhanced simulation with other instructional modalities. Two reviewers screened articles for inclusion and abstracted information on learners, clinical topics, instructional design features, outcomes, cost, and study quality. Standardized mean difference (SMD) effect sizes were pooled using random effects.ResultsWe identified 60 studies, enrolling at least 5279 learners. Of these, 23 compared technology‐enhanced simulation with another instructional modality (e.g., living humans, lecture, small group), and 37 compared two forms of technology‐enhanced simulation. Compared to lecture or small groups, we found simulation to have nonsignificant differences for time skills (SMD 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.23 to 0.89, n = 3), but a large, significant effect for non–time skills (SMD 0.82, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.46, n = 8). Comparison of alternative types of technology‐enhanced simulation found favorable associations with skills acquisition, of moderate magnitude, for computer‐assisted guidance (compared to no computer‐assisted guidance), for time skills (SMD 0.50, 95% CI −1.66 to 2.65, n = 2) and non–time skills (SMD 0.57, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.80, n = 6), and for more task repetitions (time skills SMD 1.01, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.86, n = 2) and active participation (compared to observation) for time skills (SMD 0.85, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.45, n = 2) and non–time skills (SMD 0.33 95% CI 0.08 to 0.58, n = 3).ConclusionsTechnology‐enhanced simulation is effective for EM learners for skills acquisition. Features such as computer‐assisted guidance, repetition, and active learning are associated with greater effectiveness.
Free water imaging of the cholinergic system in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Schumacher Julia , Ray Nicola J. , Hamilton Calum A. , Bergamino Maurizio , Donaghy Paul C. , Firbank Michael , Watson Rosie , Roberts Gemma , Allan Louise , Barnett Nicola , O'Brien John T. , Thomas Alan J. , Taylor John‐Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDegeneration of cortical cholinergic projections from the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) is characteristic of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas involvement of cholinergic projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) to the thalamus is less clear.METHODSWe studied both cholinergic projection systems using a free water‐corrected diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) model in the following cases: 46 AD, 48 DLB, 35 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with AD, 38 MCI with Lewy bodies, and 71 controls.RESULTSFree water in the NBM‐cortical pathway was increased in both dementia and MCI groups compared to controls and associated with cognition. Free water along the PPN‐thalamus tract was increased only in DLB and related to visual hallucinations. Results were largely replicated in an independent cohort.DISCUSSIONWhile NBM‐cortical projections degenerate early in AD and DLB, the thalamic cholinergic input from the PPN appears to be more selectively affected in DLB and might associate with visual hallucinations.Highlights
Free water in the NBM‐cortical cholinergic pathways is increased in AD and DLB.
NBM‐cortical pathway integrity is related to overall cognitive performance.
Free water in the PPN‐thalamus cholinergic pathway is only increased in DLB, not AD.
PPN‐thalamus pathway integrity might be related to visual hallucinations in DLB.
Evaluation of the activity of natural phenolic antioxidants, extracted from industrial coffee residues, on the stability of poly(1,4‐butylene succinate) formulations
Authors: Bianchi Stefano , Marchese Paola , Vannini Micaela , Sisti Laura , Tassoni Annalisa , Ferri Maura , Mallegni Norma , Cinelli Patrizia , Celli Annamaria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of natural phenolic compounds is performed and compared to that of a conventional antioxidative agent. Phenolic molecules, extracted from industrial processing coffee residues, are added to a matrix of poly(1,4‐butylene succinate) (PBS). The apparent activation energy (Ea) of the thermo‐oxidative degradation is calculated by employing different methods like Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose, Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa and Friedman. The results are compared with the antioxidant activity evaluation obtained through the ABTS radical scavenging assay. From the average activation energies, it is observed that the addition of the natural antioxidants led to an increase in the activation energy of the degradation process as a function of the phenolic compound content. This trend is confirmed by the results of the ABTS assay. Hence, this study proves that the active molecules extracted from agri‐food waste could be employed to improve the antioxidant capacity of the biopolymer, even if the composition of the extract must be evaluated in order to mitigate the effects of other components.
Automated cell isolation from photodegradable hydrogel based on fluorescence image analysis
Authors: Sugiura Shinji , Yamahira Shinya , Tamura Masato , Shin Kazumi , Shibuta Mayu , Satoh Taku , Matsuzawa Yui , Fujii Gen , Yanagawa Fumiki , Mutoh Michihiro , Yanagisawa Masumi , Kato Ryuji , Matsui Hirofumi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report an automated cell‐isolation system based on fluorescence image analysis of cell aggregates cultured in a photodegradable hydrogel. The system incorporates cell culture in a humidified atmosphere with controlled CO2 concentration and temperature, image acquisition and analysis, micropatterned light exposure, and cell collection by pipetting. Cell aggregates were cultured on hydrogels, and target cells were selected by phase contrast and fluorescence image analysis. After degradation of the hydrogel by exposure to micropatterned UV light, cell aggregates were transferred to a collection vessel by robotic pipetting. We assessed the system for hydrogel degradation, recovery of target cells, and contamination by off‐target cells. We demonstrated two practical applications of our method: (i) in cell aggregates from MCF‐7‐RFP strains in which 18.8% of cells produced red fluorescent protein (RFP), we successfully obtained 14 proliferative fluorescence‐positive cell aggregates from 31‐wells, and all of the isolated strains produced a higher proportion of RFP production than the original populations; (ii) after fluorescent immunostaining of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in cancer cells, we successfully isolated HER2‐positive cells from a mixed population of HER2‐positive and ‐negative cells, and gene sequence analysis confirmed that the isolated cells mainly contained the target cells.
Preservation of critical quality attributes of mesenchymal stromal cells in 3D bioprinted structures by using natural hydrogel scaffolds
Authors: Martorell Lluís , López‐Fernández Alba , García‐Lizarribar Andrea , Sabata Roger , Gálvez‐Martín Patricia , Samitier Josep , Vives Joaquim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThree dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging technology that enables complex spatial modeling of cell‐based tissue engineering products, whose therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine is enormous. However, its success largely depends on the definition of a bioprintable zone, which is specific for each combination of cell‐loaded hydrogels (or bioinks) and scaffolds, matching the mechanical and biological characteristics of the target tissue to be repaired. Therefore proper adjustment of the bioink formulation requires a compromise between: (i) the maintenance of cellular critical quality attributes (CQA) within a defined range of specifications to cell component, and (ii) the mechanical characteristics of the printed tissue to biofabricate. Herein, we investigated the advantages of using natural hydrogel‐based bioinks to preserve the most relevant CQA in bone tissue regeneration applications, particularly focusing on cell viability and osteogenic potential of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) displaying tripotency in vitro, and a phenotypic profile of 99.9% CD105+/CD45,− 10.3% HLA‐DR,+ 100.0% CD90,+ and 99.2% CD73+/CD31− expression. Remarkably, hyaluronic acid, fibrin, and gelatin allowed for optimal recovery of viable cells, while preserving MSC's proliferation capacity and osteogenic potency in vitro. This was achieved by providing a 3D structure with a compression module below 8.8 ± 0.5 kPa, given that higher values resulted in cell loss by mechanical stress. Beyond the biocompatibility of naturally occurring polymers, our results highlight the enhanced protection on CQA exerted by bioinks of natural origin (preferably HA, gelatin, and fibrin) on MSC, bone marrow during the 3D bioprinting process, reducing shear stress and offering structural support for proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
Separation and quantification of diazinon in water samples using liquid‐phase microextraction‐based effervescent tablet‐assisted switchable solvent method coupled to gas chromatography‐flame ionization detection
Authors: Kakaei Hojatollah , Shahtaheri Seyed Jamaleddin , Abdi Khosrou , Rahimi Kakavandi Nader 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study used a liquid‐phase microextraction‐based effervescent tablet‐assisted switchable solvent method coupled to gas chromatography‐flame ionization detection as an eco‐efficient, convenient‐to‐use, cost‐effective, sensitive, rapid, and efficient method for extracting, preconcentrating, and quantifying trace amounts of diazinon in river water samples. As a switchable solvent, triethylamine (TEA) was used. In situ generation of CO2 using effervescent tablet containing Na2CO3 and citric acid changed the hydrophobic TEA to the hydrophilic protonated triethylamine carbonate (P‐TEA‐C). CO2 removal from the specimen solution using NaOH caused P‐TEA‐C to be converted into TEA and led to phase separation, during which diazinon was extracted into the TEA phase. The salting‐out process was helpful in enhancing extraction efficiency. In addition, a number of significant parameters that affect extraction recovery were examined. Under optimum conditions, the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.06 and 0.2 ng/ml, respectively. The extraction recovery percentage and pre‐concentration factor were obtained at 95 and 190%, respectively, and the precision (inter‐ and intra‐day, relative standard deviation %, n = 5) was <5%.
A case of adult patent ductus arteriosus‐associated infective endarteritis who was successfully treated with only antibiotics
Authors: Kanai Akira , Chikata Yuichi , Iwata Hiroshi , Ajima Tomohi , Kaneko Tomohiro , Murata Azusa , Kagiyama Nobuyuki , Fukushima Yoshifumi , Miyazaki Sakiko , Minamino Tohru 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatent ductus arteriosus‐associated infective endarteritis (PDA‐IE) is an extremely rare complication of PDA in recent years. In this report, we describe a case of PDA‐IE complicated by septic pulmonary embolism who was successfully treated with only antibiotics.
Role of ultrasound scan in prenatal diagnosis of cloacal exstrophy
Authors: Dorjey Yeshey 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCloacal exstrophy is a rare and complex ventral abdominal wall defect. Prenatal diagnosis is possible with the use of detailed ultrasound scanning. Prenatal diagnosis of an anomalous fetus helps the parents and their families in making informed decisions. This write‐up is to report a case of cloacal exstrophy diagnosed during the prenatal period using an ultrasound scan. The pregnant mother presented at 35 weeks of gestation underwent a detailed ultrasound scanning and note the findings; a large defect on the ventral surface of the anterior abdominal wall extending from the umbilicus to the inferior pelvis, with a large mass protruding through the defect, umbilical cord arising from the proximal part of the mass, with another tubular mass protruding from the inferior aspect of the larger mass giving an appearance of “elephant trunk,” absent urinary bladder, absent anal dimple, and scrotum was seen inferior to the mass but failed to appreciate the phallus. Both kidneys were normal, and there was no spinal defect. In addition, pubic bones were widely separated, and there was splaying of the iliac bone. Based on the ultrasound scan findings, a prenatal diagnosis of cloacal exstrophy was made. The pregnant mother and their families were counseled about the anomalous fetus, and they decided to continue the pregnancy. At birth, the abnormalities present in the baby were consistent with the prenatal ultrasound scan findings. On postnatal day 5, the baby underwent a complete primary surgical repair of the defect which comprised of closure of the abdominal wall defect, repair of bladder defect, pelvic osteotomies, and creation of a colostomy. The abnormalities of cloacal exstrophy detected by the ultrasound scan during the prenatal diagnosis period were consistent with the abnormalities detected at birth. This concludes that an ultrasound scan is a reliable tool to diagnose cloacal exstrophy during the prenatal period.
Loss of control in binge‐eating disorder: Fear and resignation
Authors: Perelman Hayley , Gilbert Kelsey , Grilo Carlos M. , Lydecker Janet A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveBinge‐eating disorder involves overeating while feeling a loss of control (LOC). Emotions around LOC appear to vary; some patients fear LOC whereas others feel powerless or “resigned” to LOC. This study examined differences in psychopathology among treatment‐seeking patients with binge‐eating disorder categorized with fear of LOC, resignation to LOC, and no fear/resignation of LOC.MethodDoctoral research clinicians administered diagnostic and semistructured interviews to characterize psychopathology and establish a diagnosis of binge‐eating disorder in participants (N = 382). The interview assessed fear of LOC in the past month. Further queries assessed whether, in the absence of fear of LOC, patients were resigned to LOC or had no fear/resignation.ResultsPatients with fear of LOC and resigned to LOC endorsed significantly greater global eating‐disorder psychopathology than patients with no fear/resignation. Patients with fear of LOC reported greater distress about binge eating and greater depression than those with no fear/resignation. Patients resigned to LOC reported significantly more frequent binge‐eating episodes than those with fear of LOC and no fear/resignation. Black individuals and men were more likely to report no fear/resignation than other demographic groups.DiscussionThis study describes a novel clinical aspect of binge‐eating disorder: resignation to LOC. Findings highlight the importance of including anticipatory cognitive‐affective experiences in treatment formulations and planning. Future research should examine co‐occurrence of these experiences and their association with impairment. Future research should also examine how fear of LOC and resignation to LOC change during treatment and whether they predict or moderate treatment outcomes.Public SignificanceAdults with binge‐eating disorder have anticipatory cognitive‐affective experiences about loss of control (LOC) over eating (i.e., fear of LOC, resigned to LOC, no fear nor resignation of LOC). Individuals who experience fear of LOC and those who are resigned to LOC had more severe psychopathology than those without fear/resignation. Binge‐eating disorder has the highest prevalence of the eating disorders; thus, findings have high public significance in guiding clinicians' treatment planning.
Sexual size and shape dimorphism, and allometric scaling in the pupal and adult traits of Eristalis tenax
Authors: Ludoški Jasmina , Francuski Ljubinka , Gojković Nemanja , Matić Bojana , Milankov Vesna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe patterns and amount of variation in size, shape, and/or life history traits between females and males are fundamentally important to gain the comprehensive understanding of the evolution of phenotypic diversity. In addition, the covariation of phenotypic traits can significantly contribute to morphological diversification and sexual dimorphism (SD). Using linear and geometric morphometrics, 237 Eristalis tenax specimens sampled from five populations were, therefore, comparatively assessed for the variation in sexual size dimorphism (SSD), sexual shape dimorphism (SShD), and life history traits, as well as for trait covariation (ontogenetic and static allometry). Pupal body, adult wing, and body mass traits were analyzed. Female‐biased SSD was observed for pupal length, width, and centroid size, adult wing centroid size, mass, wing loading, and wing area. Conversely, pupal length/width ratio, developmental time, and mass were not found to be sexually dimorphic. Next, wing SShD, but not pupal body SShD was revealed, while allometry was found to be an important “determinant of SD” at the adult stage, with only a minor impact at the pupal stage. By comparing the patterns of covariance (based on allometric slope and intercept) between respective body mass and morphometric traits of pupae and adults, greater variation in allometric slopes was found in adult traits, while static allometries of the two stages significantly differed, as well. Finally, the results indicate that changes in the allometric intercept could be an important source of intraspecific variation and SD in drone fly adults.
Left ventricular wall thickness and severity of cardiac disease in women and men with transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Aimo Alberto , Tomasoni Daniela , Porcari Aldostefano , Vergaro Giuseppe , Castiglione Vincenzo , Passino Claudio , Adamo Marianna , Bellicini Maria Giulia , Lombardi Carlo Mario , Nardi Matilde , Palamara Gloria , Varrà Guerino Giuseppe , Saro Riccardo , Allegro Valentina , Merlo Marco , Sinagra Gianfranco , Metra Marco , Emdin Michele , Rapezzi Claudio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsCardiac amyloidosis (CA) is due to a deposition of amyloid fibrils in the heart causing an increase in wall thickness. A left ventricular (LV) wall thickness ≥12 mm plus at least one red flag should raise the suspicion of CA. As normal values of LV wall thickness are lower in women, the adoption or the same cut‐off values for men and women could lead to underdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis in women. We investigated the relationship between LV wall thickness and the severity of cardiac involvement in women and men with transthyretin (ATTR) CA.Methods and resultsWe evaluated 330 consecutive patients diagnosed with ATTR‐CA at three centres (Pisa, n = 232; Brescia, n = 69; Trieste, n = 29). Interventricular septum (IVS) and posterior wall (PW) thickness values were lower in women (n = 53, 16%) than men, but most differences were abolished when indexing by body surface area (BSA), height, or height2.7, suggesting similar disease severity when accounting for the smaller body size of women. PW thickness indexed for height2.7 was even higher in women. We also searched for correlations between IVS and PW thickness and other indicators of the severity of cardiac disease. IVS values indexed by height2.7 displayed tighter associations with N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide values than non‐indexed IVS values. Similarly, indexed values displayed closer relationships with relative wall thickness, E/e' ratio, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.ConclusionsIndexed LV wall thickness values, particularly by height2.7, reflect more accurately the severity of cardiac involvement than non‐indexed values.
Nuclearity Control in Molecular Copper Phosphates Derived from a Bulky Arylphosphate: Synthesis, Structural and Magnetic Studies
Authors: Prapakaran Tulasi , Sathish C. I. , Yi Jiabao , Vinu Ajayan , Murugavel Ramaswamy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStarting from sterically encumbered 2,6‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl phosphate (dtbppH2) and co‐ligand 3,5‐dimethyl pyrazole (dmpz), it is possible to isolate either mono‐, di‐ or tetranuclear copper phosphates by varying the copper source and making attendant changes in the reaction conditions. For example, reaction of copper nitrate with dtbppH2 and dmpz at 60 °C leads to the isolation of the mononuclear copper phosphate [Cu(dtbppH)2(dmpz)(MeOH)2] (1) as the only product. However, the use of copper acetate in place of copper nitrate and conducting the reaction at the room temperature leads to the formation of both dinuclear [Cu(dtbpp)(dmpz)2]2 (2) and tetranuclear [Cu2(dtbpp)(dmpz)2(OAc)(MeO)]2 (3) from the same reaction mixture. Compounds 2 and 3 could be isolated in pure form through fractional crystallization. Copper phosphates 1–3 have been characterized by both analytical and spectroscopic methods including EPR and magnetic measurements. The molecular structures of all three compounds were established through single crystal diffraction studies. Dc magnetic measurements indicate antiferromagnetic interactions between the metal centres in all the compounds.
Physicochemical Characteristics and Technological Properties of Lupinus mutabilis Oil
Authors: Czubiński Jarosław , Siger Aleksander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of the presented study is to examine the physicochemical parameters of the lipids present in Lupinus mutabilis seed and to compare the results with the available data for other commonly used vegetable oils. The oil quality indexes, oxidative stability index (OSI), and melting characteristics are examined. Andean lupin oil has remarkably high oxidative stability (OSI = 65 h) comparable to high‐oleic oils counterparts. Quality parameters meet commonly accepted standards, including peroxide value (3.95 meq O2 kg−1) and p‐anisidine value (1.25). The acid number value is 1.85 mg KOH g−1. The iodine value is 110.27 g/100 g, while the enthalpy required to increase the temperature of the sample from −60 to 80 °C is equal to 57.41 kJ kg−1. The beginning of the melting event (Tonset) and the phase transition temperature (Tpeak) values for L. mutabilis seed oil are −29.46 and −22.63 °C, respectively. The presented results indicate the unusually high oxidative stability of the oil obtained from L. mutabilis seeds, which opens up a whole spectrum of application possibilities, e.g., designing blends with other commonly used vegetable oils to enhance their low stability.Practical Applications: The presented results provide insight into physicochemical parameters of the lipid fraction isolated from Lupinus mutabilis seeds. Andean lupin oil has very high oxidative stability, comparable to high‐oleic rapeseed and sunflower oils. Therefore, the identified potential use of the studied oils is, e.g. an additive that can increase the stability of commercial vegetable oils characterized by much lower oxidative stability.
Construction of C2‐Spirocyclopropyl‐Indolin‐3‐Ones through Base‐Promoted [2+1] Annulation Reaction of Indolin‐3‐ones with Bromosulfonium Salts
Authors: Zhang Mao , Yang Fenfen , Guan Xiang , Shuai Mingshan , Zhang Qingqing , Fu Xiaozhong , Yang Yuanyong , Zhou Meng , He Bin , Zhao Yonglong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA simple base‐promoted [2+1] annulation of indolin‐3‐ones and bromosulfonium salts has been developed in this article. This strategy uses simple and easily prepared indolin‐3‐ones 1 as C1 synthons and bromosulfonium salts 2 as C2 synthons under mild reaction conditions, and 33 examples of C2‐spirocyclopropyl‐indolin‐3‐ones were obtained with up to 99 % yield and >20 : 1 dr.