bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A three dimensional finite element analysis of apical stress distribution during intrusion of maxillary central incisor with different inclinations in labial and lingual appliance systems
Authors: Suryavanshi Samidha , Shetty Vikram , Ahemad Md. Shakeb 
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate apical stress distribution during intrusion of the maxillary central incisor with different inclinations in the labial and lingual appliance systems using a three-dimensional finite element model.The three-dimensional finite element models of the maxillary central incisor were produced with 25 ° (normoclined), 30 ° (proclined), and 20 °(retroclined) inclinations. Each incisor model was subjected to an intrusive force of 15cN. The stress level at the apex was calculated in terms of maximum principal stresses.The stress distribution at the apex and cervix was lower in the labial compared to the lingual appliance system for the maxillary central incisor models with an inclination of 25° (normoclined) and 30° (proclined). Whereas the maxillary central incisor model with 20° (retroclined) inclination in the lingual appliance system showed the maximum stress in the cervical region.During intrusion, no significant differences in stress patterns were seen at the root apex in normoclined and proclined maxillary central incisor models in either of the appliance systems, except for the retroclined central incisor model which showed maximum stresses in the cervical region.
Prospects of Legal Regulation of Online Consumer Dispute Proceedings
Authors: Rozhkova Marina 
Published: March 2023

The rapid expansion of cross-border e-commerce, especially in a pandemic environment, has fundamentally changed the role of both international and national online marketplaces. However, e-commerce has its shortcomings and cases of violation of consumer rights, with buying goods online - in various Internet stores and marketplaces/commodity aggregators, not being an exception. In this regard, the initiatives for the development of legal regulation, aimed at empowering consumers to protect their rights become essential. In these circumstances, it is important to properly assess the mechanism of online dispute resolution used by online marketplaces to identify the prospects of forming a legal framework for such proceedings not only to improve consumer protection but also to develop extrajudicial ways of resolving consumer disputes, which will contribute to relieving the state courts of resolving minor disputes. This is the subject discussed in the present article.
Long-term preservation of legally significant electronic document
Authors: Solovyev Alexander 
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the problem of ensuring the long-term preservation of legally significant electronic documents (LSED). An overview of the problem and existing options for solving it are provided in the article. The paper frames a formal problem of ensuring the long-term preservation of legally significant electronic documents as an optimal control problem under conditions of parametric disturbances. This study briefly outlines the problems that arise when organizing the long-term preservation of electronic documents. The author also proposes documents safety indicators through documents and mathematical models for assessmentof the overall document safety. The study has resulted in development of algorithms that allow, being implemented in the form of software and hardware, to control and organize security. Examples of the practical implementation of the proposed approaches within the framework of large information systems are provided alongside with their advantages. Implementation of suggested approaches can potentially make it possible to comprehensively solve the important scientific and technical problem of organizing the long-term preservation of legally significant electronic documents. At the end of the article, further prospects for research aimed at solving the problem of long-term preservation of big data and systems built using distributed ledger technologies are identified.
A comparative study of the reimbursement of extrajudicial attorneys’ fees
Authors: Cuenca Pinkert David 
Published: March 2023

»Reimbursement of Extrajudicial Attorneys’ Fees in Spanish Law. A Systematization of Procedural and Substantive Claims« (PhD-thesis published in German language, Duncker & Humblot, 2021, Schriften zum Internationalen Recht (SIR), Volume 229.)
David Cuenca Pinkert examines the recoverability of extrajudicial attorneys’ fees in cross-border civil law cases under Spanish law and thereby demonstrates structural parallels to other European legal systems and universal principles of cost recovery. This approach systematizes procedural and substanti ve claims, which the author sees as a key to a better understanding of reimbursability.
Determinant of Employee Turnover Intention on Fajar Surya
Authors: Rifai Amirudin Lukmansyah Rifai Amirudin , R. Madhakomala  , Wibowo  
Published: March 2023

This study aims to develop a strategic model of the influence of career development, employee involvement, and employee engagement on the turnover intention at PT. Fajar Surya. Quantitative methods are used in this study. The sample consists of 150 employees at the managerial level. The sample criteria in this study were permanent employees who had worked for at least 1 year. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires directly to all samples. Analysis of the data used is SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square). Empirical results show that career development and employee engagement have a negative and significant effect on turnover intention; with the greatest influence on career development variables. However, employee involvement has no significant effect on turnover intention. While career development has a positive and significant effect on employee engagement. However, employee involvement has no significant effect on employee engagement. Other results show that career development mediated by employee engagement has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention; However, employee involvement mediated by employee engagement has no significant effect on turnover intention. These empirical results show that the mediating role of employee engagement in career development can reduce employee intention to change jobs. This research resulted in a novelty of the turnover intention strategy model at PT. Fajar Surya Swadaya.
Keywords: Turnover Intention, Career Development, Employee Involvement, Employee Engagement.
Practice Patterns of Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Women with Stage I to II Endometrial Carcinoma: A Real-World Multi-Institutional Analysis in China
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Wang Tiejun , Liu Zi , He Jianli , Sun Xiaoge , Zhong Wei , Zhao Fengjv , Li Xiaomei , Li Sha , Zhu Hong , Ma Zhanshu , Hu Ke , Zhang Fuquan , Hou Xiaorong , Wei Lichun , Zou Lijuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to report clinical practice patterns of postoperative radiotherapy for stage I to II endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients treated in 13 Chinese medical centers.
Methods
We included early stage EC patients treated by hysterectomy and adjuvant RT between 2003 and 2017 from 13 institutions. Patients were classified into 4 risk groups based on ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO recommendations (2014).
Results
A total of 1,227 cases were analyzed. Along the 15 years of the study, an increasing tendency was found towards administration for vaginal brachytherapy (VBT) alone, while the proportion of external beam pelvic radiotherapy (EBRT) alone remained stable in the corresponding period. When radiation modalities were stratified by risk groups, proportion of VBT alone significantly increased in all risk groups. The higher the risk, the later VBT became the main adjuvant treatment modality. However, EBRT alone or with VBT remained the main adjuvant method for high-risk patients.
There were 13 dose-fractionation schemes for VBT alone with the scheme of 30Gy in 6 fractions prescribed at 0.5cm under the vaginal mucosa accounting for most. There were 17 schemes for VBT boost and the most common schedule was 10Gy in 2 fractions. The upper 3-5 cm part of vagina was the most frequent target. 89.6% of the practitioners performed two-dimensional VBT technique. The median dose for EBRT was 50 Gy. From 2003 to 2017, conventional radiotherapy was gradually replaced by three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy modality and intensity modulated radiotherapy.
Conclusion
We report a significant shift from EBRT to VBT alone for high-intermediate-risk , intermediate-risk and low-risk EC patients from 2003 to 2017 while EBRT remained the main radiation modality for high-risk early stage patients. There has been remarkable heterogeneity among VBT dose fractionation schedules across China.
Trial registration: The clinical trial ID was ChiCTR-PRC-17010712. It was authorized by the Institutional Review Board of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (N0. S-K139).
Image watermarking and tamper detection based on modulus operator and logistic map
Authors: Kosuru S. N. V. J. Devi , Senapati Ranjan K. , Sahu Aditya Kumar , Swain Gandharba 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The existing watermarking techniques do not give importance on tamper correction. This article proposes a watermarking technique with tamper identification and correction. This technique first splits the image into 2×2 pixel blocks and works on the 4 pixels of the block. The 4 most significant bits (MSBs) of a pixel form the quotient and the 4 least significant bits (LSBs) of a pixel form the remainder. The average value of the 4 quotients of the 4 pixels in a block is computed and represented in 4-bit binary. These 4 binary bits are the watermark bits (WBs). Furthermore, a logistic map is used to generate 4 binary bits. The WBs and logistic map bits are passed into exclusive-or operation to obtain the 4 recovery bits (RBs). The first 2 WBs are camouflaged in one of the remainder by LSB substitution. The remaining 2
WBs and 4 RBs are camouflaged in the remaining 3 remainders by modulus function-based logic. While extracting the WBs, the tampered pixels of a block can be recognized and correction mechanism is used to get its corrected value. The efficacy of this watermarking scheme is estimated by various metrics like peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), hiding capacity (HC), structural similarity index (SSIM), and accuracy (ACC). The estimated HC value is 2.0 bits per pixel with a PSNR value of 45.47 decibels. This PSNR value is more than the existing techniques. The SSIM value is 0.9883 and ACC value is 1.0. The ACC value is more than the existing techniques.
A socio-political history of the South African National Health Insurance
Authors: Whyle Eleanor Beth , Olivier Jill 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Health policy processes are invariably shaped by social, political and historical realities. Spurred by the WHO’s endorsement of universal health coverage as a universal health system goal, many countries are undertaking health financing reforms. The nature of these reforms and the process by which they are achieved will depend on context-specific factors, including the history of reform efforts and the political imperatives driving contemporary reforms. South Africa’s pursuit of universal health coverage through a National Health Insurance is the latest in a nearly 100-year history of health system reform efforts shaped by social and political realities.
Methods
We conducted an interdisciplinary, retrospective literature review to develop an account of how health system reform efforts have unfolded, shaped by the contextual realities of the moment. We began the review by identifying peer-reviewed literature on health system reform in South Africa and iteratively expanded the search through author tracking, citation tracking and purposeful searches for material on particular events or processes referenced in the initial body of evidence. Data was extracted and organised chronologically into nine periods.
Results
The analysis suggests that in South Africa politics; the power of the private sector; competing policy priorities and budgetary constraints; and ideas, values and ideologies have been particularly important in constraining, and sometimes spurring, health system reform efforts. Political transitions and pressures, including the introduction of apartheid in 1948, anti-apartheid opposition, the transition to democracy, and corruption and governance failures, have alternately created political imperatives for reform, and constrained reform efforts. In addition, the country’s political history has given rise to dominant ideas, values and ideologies that imbue health system reform with a particular social meaning. While these ideas and values increase opposition and complicate reform efforts, they also help to expose the inequities of the current system as problematic and re-emphasise the need for reform.
Conclusions
Ultimately, this analysis demonstrates the context-specific nature of health system reform processes and the influence of history on what sorts of reforms are politically feasible and socially acceptable. In addition, the analysis reveals the value of a historical perspective to understanding the challenges facing contemporary reforms.
Design and implementation of a replication study: The Music for Autism (M4A) binational assessor-blinded randomised crossover trial
Authors: Groessing Alexander , Ruiz Marianna , Guran Alexandrina , Koçan Asena , Kouwer Karlijn , Mikus Nace , Nater Urs , Posserud Maj-Britt , Salomon-Gimmon Maayan , Todorova Boryana , Wagner Isabella C , Gold Christian , Silani Giorgia , Specht Karsten 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many autistic children suffer from social communication problems, reduced participation, and mental health issues. Music therapy has beneficial but heterogeneous effects; its mechanisms are incompletely understood. The Music for Autism (M4A) trial aims to replicate and expand a previous trial examining brain mechanisms and clinical outcomes of music versus play-based therapy for autistic children. This paper presents M4A’s design and implementation; we examine feasibility of this replication trial based on the first wave of recruitment. M4A is a crossover randomised controlled trial currently conducted at two sites (Bergen, Norway; Vienna, Austria). Children aged 6-12 years diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder will be randomised to a sequence of weekly individual music and play-based therapy (3 months for each intervention; 3-month washout period). Outcomes assessed before and after each intervention period include communication (blinded, assessed by teachers); functional brain connectivity (from functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI); and further behavioural and biological outcomes. The planned total sample size of 80 will ensure adequate power. Recruitment in the first wave (14 randomised) was below expectations. Baseline characteristics were similar to the previous study, but some variables (severity, functioning) were difficult to assess and compare. A range of functioning levels were included. Interventions were well accepted; fidelity was adequate. Timing of interventions and assessments was challenging when blinded assessors were hard to reach. Blinding was successful. Movement in fMRI was an issue in some children, but we developed preparation strategies to help also low-functioning children to successfully complete the scans. No study-related adverse events occurred. M4A has a strong design, appears feasible, and promises important new insights into the mechanisms and outcomes of music therapy for ASD. Multinational replicability of controlled trials of complex psychosocial interventions in ASD combining clinical and brain imaging outcomes can be challenging and requires careful planning.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04936048
* AGr and MR contributed equally to this work and share first authorship. CG, GS, and KS contributed equally to this work and share last authorship.
Strong nighttime boundary layer activity on Mars caused by thermal perturbations
Authors: Temel Orkun , Senel Cem , Karatekin Ozgur 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Planetary boundary Layer (PBL) is the region which governs the interactions between the surface and atmosphere. Martian daytime PBL has been shown to have strong turbulent mixing similar to the Earth. Nighttime Martian PBL, yet to be explored further, has been assumed to form under very weak turbulent mixing conditions so far. Here we show that temperature fluctuations caused by large-scale atmospheric variations can induce strong local turbulent mixing and remarkably affect surface-atmosphere exchange processes. Temperature fluctuations as low as 0.5 K can increase the surface momentum flux up to an order of magnitude. Our results reveal the feedback between global/mesoscale atmospheric dynamics and the microscale boundary-layer meteorology, with implication for nighttime dust lifting on Mars due to increased near-surface wind stress.
Laser-assisted Nano-texturing for Flexible Ultrathin Crystalline Si Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Inho , Lee Youngseok , Woo Jeong-hyun , Kim Keonhee , Lee Kyeong-Seok , Jeong YeonJoo , Kim Jaewook , Hwang Gyu Weon , Lee Doh-Kwon , Kim Ju-Young 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ultrathin crystalline Si wafers, which are more flexible than conventional ones, can apply to curved surfaces, enabling a wide range of applications such as building integrated photovoltaics, vehicle integrated photovoltaics and wearable devices. Thinner wafers require more effective light trapping; thus, surface texturing in microscale is a common approach to compensate for the reduced thickness by enhancing the light pathlength. Microscale textures, however, deteriorate the mechanical flexibility due to stress concentration in the valley of the micro-textures. In this study, we propose a laser-assisted nano-texturing process for enhanced flexibility of the ultrathin Si solar cells with a 50-µm thickness while maintaining light trapping performances. A nano-lens array was used to focus laser onto the Si wafers, inducing the formation of nanoparticle etch masks for nano-pyramid texturing in an alkaline solution. The origin of the enhanced flexibility of the nano-textured Si wafers was discussed by a micro-mechanics simulation study. We applied our nano-texturing technique to ultrathin Si based PERC cells and demonstrated the enhanced flexibility of the cells with a 26 mm critical bending radius. Also, we show that the nano-texture Si wafer provide a higher efficiency of 18.68%, whereas the micro-texture one exhibits 18.10%.
Feasibility Study into the Application of the "Iron Man" CHD Screening System in CHD Screening
Authors: Peng Yunzhu , Zhai JiaMing , Wu ChangYong , Pan JiaHua , Li RuiJie , Sun Huang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective

To explore new methods of remote congenital heart disease (CHD) screening, our study investigated the feasibility of applying the “Iron Man” remote CHD screening system to CHD screening.

Methods

135 CHD patients and 57 non-CHD patients undergoing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at two different hospitals (from 2018 to 2019) were evaluated. We examined competency in diagnosing simple CHD cases with the "Iron Man" system by comparing cardiac sounds collected and analyzed in the following three ways-remote auscultation by a physician, automatic analysis by computer, and the online analysis system combining physician auscultation and computer-based automatic analysis.

Results

The physician’s diagnosis of CHD (based on remote auscultation of cardiac sounds collected by the "Iron Man"), had a sensitivity, specificity, overall diagnostic consistency rate and area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 84.44%, 71.93%, 80.73%, and 0.782, respectively. In comparison, the automatic computer analysis had rates of 89.63%, 73.68%, 84.90% and 0.817, respectively, and the remote CHD screening system had rates of 92.59%, 61.40%, 83.33% and 0.770. The remote CHD screening system had a higher sensitivity in diagnosing CHD than physician auscultation (92.59% vs.84.44%, P=0.001＜0.017), and automatic computer analysis had a higher specificity than the remote CHD screening system (73.68% vs.61.40%, P=0.016＜0.017). The automatic computer analysis demonstrated a higher rate of positive cases than physician auscultation (74.48% vs.67.71%, P=0.041＜0.05).

Conclusion

The remote CHD screening system integrating physician auscultation and automatic computer analysis were more sensitive than physician auscultation in diagnosing CHD.
Genomic transcription factor binding site selection is edited by the chromatin remodeling factor CHD4
Authors: Takaku Motoki , Saotome Mika , Poduval Deepak , Grimm Sara , Nagornyuk Aerica , Gunarathna Sakuntha , Shimbo Takashi , Wade Paul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Biologically precise enhancer licensing by lineage-determining transcription factors enables activation of transcripts appropriate to biological demand and prevents deleterious gene activation. This essential process is challenged by the millions of matches to most transcription factor binding motifs present in many eukaryotic genomes, leading to questions about how transcription factors achieve the exquisite specificity required. The importance of chromatin remodeling factors to enhancer activation is highlighted by their frequent mutation in developmental disorders and in cancer. Here we determine the roles of CHD4 to enhancer licensing and maintenance in breast cancer cells and during cellular reprogramming. In unchallenged basal breast cancer cells, CHD4 modulates chromatin accessibility at transcription factor binding sites; its depletion leads to altered motif scanning and redistribution of transcription factors to sites not previously occupied. During GATA3-mediated cellular reprogramming, CHD4 activity is necessary to prevent inappropriate chromatin opening and enhancer licensing. Mechanistically, CHD4 competes with transcription factor-DNA interaction by promoting nucleosome positioning over binding motifs. We propose that CHD4 acts as a chromatin proof-reading enzyme that prevents inappropriate gene expression by editing binding site selection by transcription factors.
Cost Optimization of an Inventory Control Problem in Neutrosophic Environment for Smart Manufacturing
Authors: MOHANTA KARTICK , Sarkar Sanchita , Dey Arindam , De Debashis , Pal Anita 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with real-world inventory problems considering the natural idle time like weekly off days and daily closure time. So a cost minimization economic order quantity model is developed considering the idle time costs. In this model, the inventory processing time is divided into two parts: opening time and closing time and also weekly off-day are considered. In a crisp model, a constant rate of deterioration is considered. The deterioration rate, demand rate, and other inventory costs are treated as linear symmetric generalized trapezoidal single-valued neutrosophic numbers to make the model more realistic. The neutrosophic average cost has been derived, and then it is De-neutrosophied using the mean interval method. Hence optimal order quantity, optimal closing and opening time have been derived. Finally, a case study is taken into consideration to support the model, and sensitivity analysis is also presented to justify the model.