bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sepsis sensitizes behavioural amphetamine responses while inducing inflammatory and neurotrophic vulnerability in the cecal ligation and puncture model
Authors: Valvassori Samira S. , Possamai‐Della Taise , Aguiar‐Geraldo Jorge M. , Sant'Ana Rômulo Goronci , Dal‐Pont Gustavo C. , Pescador Bruna , Zugno Alexandra I. , Quevedo João , Dal‐Pizzol Felipe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate if sepsis sensitizes behavioural and biochemical responses induced by m‐amphetamine. For this, Wistar rats were submitted to the cecal ligation and puncture. After 30 days of cecal ligation and puncture procedure, the animals were submitted to a single intraperitoneal injection of saline or m‐amphetamine (.25, .50, or 1.0 mg/kg). Locomotor behaviour was assessed 2 h after the administration. Interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, tumour necrosis factor‐α, dopamine‐cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein of 32,000 kDa (DARPP‐32) and neuronal calcium sensor (NCS‐1) levels were evaluated in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Also, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuronal growth factor and glial‐derived neurotrophic factor levels were assessed in the hippocampus. M‐amphetamine alone (.25 and 1.0 mg/kg) increased rats' locomotion and exploratory behaviour compared with the Sham + Sal. Animals from the cecal ligation and puncture + m‐amphetamine (.5 and/or 1.0 mg/kg) group showed an increase in locomotion, exploratory and risk‐like behaviour when compared with the Sham + Saline group and with its respective Sham groups. Cecal ligation and puncture increased interleukin levels compared with the Sham + Sal. However, cecal ligation and puncture animals that received m‐amphetamine (1 mg/kg) increased even more, these inflammatory parameters compared with the Sham + Sal and the cecal ligation and puncture + saline group. M‐amphetamine at lower doses increased neurotrophic factors, but higher doses decreased these parameters in the brain of cecal ligation and puncture rats. M‐amphetamine dose‐dependently increased DARPP‐32 and NCS‐1 levels in cecal ligation and puncture rats in some structures. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that sepsis sensitizes behavioural amphetamine responses while inducing inflammatory and neurotrophic vulnerability in the cecal ligation and puncture model.
Effect of long‐term intake of liquid nutrition on the development and maintenance of the weight and size of the skull, mandible, and teeth in rats
Authors: Blasko Filip , Novak Bohuslav , Gyonyorova Karolina , Mravec Boris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe consistency of the diet may affect the development and maintenance of the muscular and bony parts of the masticatory apparatus. Therefore, we investigated the effect of chronic intake of liquid nutrition (Fresubin) on the growth and maintenance of the weight and size of the skull, mandible, and teeth in Wistar rats fed with liquid nutrition during different developmental periods: (i) from weaning to adulthood, (ii) only in the juvenile period, or (iii) only in adulthood. We found that in all groups of rats fed with liquid nutrition, the skull and the mandible were significantly lighter in weight than those of control rats fed exclusively with pelleted chow from weaning to adulthood. In addition, in rats fed with liquid nutrition, the length of the mandible was significantly increased, whereas the height of the mandible and the length of the upper incisors were reduced. Our data indicate that food consistency may profoundly affect the growth pattern and the maintenance of the mass and size of skull bones and teeth during different periods of life. The extent of the effect was found to depend on the period during which liquid nutrition is provided and on the duration of its intake. In conclusion, the findings indicate that prolonged intake of liquid nutrition can significantly affect the development of the bone part of the masticatory apparatus.
A cost analysis of MR‐guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for adult refractory epilepsy
Authors: Brandel Michael G. , Kunwar Nikhita , Alattar Ali A. , Kang Keiko M. , Forseth Kiefer J. , Rennert Robert C. , Shih Jerry J. , Ben‐Haim Sharona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveMR‐guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is used increasingly for refractory epilepsy. The goal of this investigation is to directly compare cost and short‐term adverse outcomes for adult refractory epilepsy treated with temporal lobectomy and LITT, as well as to identify risk factors for increased costs and adverse outcomes.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was queried for patients who received LITT between 2012 and 2019. Patients with adult refractory epilepsy were identified. Multivariable mixed‐effects models were used to analyze predictors of cost, length of stay (LOS), and complications.ResultsLITT was associated with reduced LOS and overall cost relative to temporal lobectomy, with a statistical trend toward lower incidence of postoperative complications. High‐volume surgical epilepsy centers had lower LOS overall. Longer LOS was a significant driver of increased cost for LITT, and higher comorbidity was associated with non‐routine discharge.SignificanceLITT is an affordable alternative to temporal lobectomy for adult refractory epilepsy with an insignificant reduction in inpatient complications. Patients may benefit from expanded access to this treatment modality for both its reduced LOS and lower cost.
Investigation of cardiac arrhythmia events in patients treated with lamotrigine: FDA adverse event reporing system analysis
Authors: Aboukaoud Mohammed , Wilf‐Yarkoni Adi , Maor Elad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn October 2020 and March 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classified lamotrigine as a class IB antiarrhythmic, announcing an increased risk of heart rhythm problems. We sought to investigate the nature of the arrhythmia signal with lamotrigine use compared to anticonvulsants with sodium‐blocking and non–sodium‐blocking mechanisms.MethodsThis retrospective pharmacovigilance case–non‐case study used disproportionality analysis to detect signals of adverse reaction of interest reported with lamotrigine to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) between 1998 and 2022. Our regression model adjusted for interacting concomitant medications. Sensitivity analyses included stratifying by indication and publication date.ResultsOverall, 2917 cases of heart rhythm problems with anticonvulsants were analyzed (1557 female [58.4%] and 1109 male [41.6%]). The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 43 ± 19, the groups did not differ significantly by age. Forty cases (7.91%) in the epileptic indication included more than one concomitant medication that influences cardiac conduction. The disproportionality signal for cardiac arrest did not differ for lamotrigine compared with other anticonvulsants, adjusted reporting odds ratio (adj.ROR, .88; 95% CI, .59–1.29) in the epileptic indication. A significantly lower reporting risk for bradyarrhythmia was identified with lamotrigine users in the epileptic population, (adj.ROR, .45; 95% confidence interval [CI], .29–.68). The psychiatric indication demonstrated a sixfold reporting risk for cardiac arrest compared to the epileptic indication. Concomitant medications that affect cardiac conduction, as well as reports on overdose and suicide attempts, were significant variables in psychiatric patients (ROR, 2.45; 95% CI, 2.21–2.71) and (ROR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.34–1.55), respectively.SignificanceOur results do not support a significant difference in the reporting risk for cardiac arrest, syncope, tachyarrhythmia, and bradyarrhythmia with lamotrigine in the epileptic indication. Signals of cardiac arrest in lamotrigine could be explained by confounding factors in the psychiatric indication, such as greater concomitant use of medications with cardiac adverse events, and greater reports on overdose and suicide attempts. We recommend that patients with polypharmacy undergo clinical and electrocardiographic monitoring. We illustrate the importance of examining signals for separate indications.
Knowledge and beliefs about epilepsy genetics among Hispanic and non‐Hispanic patients
Authors: Trujillo Shannon , Wetmore John B. , Camarillo Itzel A. , Misiewicz Sylwia , May Halie , Choi Hyunmi , Siegel Karolynn , Chung Wendy K. , Phelan Jo C. , Yang Lawrence H. , Leu Cheng‐Shiun , Bergner Amanda L. , Ottman Ruth 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveHispanics continue to face challenges when trying to access health care, including epilepsy care and genetic‐related health care services. This study examined epilepsy genetic knowledge and beliefs in this historically underserved population.MethodsQuestionnaires were completed by 641 adults with epilepsy without identified cause, of whom 122 self‐identified as Hispanic or Latino and 519 as non‐Hispanic. Participants were asked about their views on the contribution of genetics to the cause of their epilepsy (“genetic attribution”), optimism for advancements in epilepsy genetic research (“genetic optimism”), basic genetic knowledge, and epilepsy‐specific genetic knowledge. Generalized linear models were used to compare the two groups in the means of quantitative measures and percents answered correctly for individual genetic knowledge items. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, education, religion, family history of epilepsy, and time since last seizure.ResultsHispanics did not differ from non‐Hispanics in genetic attribution, genetic optimism, or number of six basic genetic knowledge items answered correctly. The number of nine epilepsy‐specific genetic knowledge items answered correctly was significantly lower for Hispanics than non‐Hispanics (adjusted mean = 6.0 vs. 6.7, p < .001). After adjustment for education and other potential mediators, the proportion answered correctly was significantly lower for Hispanics than non‐Hispanics for only two items related to family history and penetrance of epilepsy‐related genes. Only 54% of Hispanics and 61% of non‐Hispanics answered correctly that “If a person has epilepsy, his or her relatives have an increased chance of getting epilepsy.”SignificanceDespite large differences in sociodemographic variables including education, most attitudes and beliefs about genetics were similar in Hispanics and non‐Hispanics. Epilepsy‐specific genetic knowledge was lower among Hispanics than non‐Hispanics, and this difference was mostly mediated by differences in demographic variables. Genetic counseling should address key concepts related to epilepsy genetics to ensure they are well understood by both Hispanic and non‐Hispanic patients.
The females' response to male attractiveness: Mate choice, larvae production and differential brain protein expression
Authors: Hernández‐Villanueva Miguel , Cordero‐Molina Sagrario , Macías García Constantino , Contreras‐Garduño Jorge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSexual Selection has been studied predominantly from a functional perspective with relatively limited investigation of the mechanistic basis of female choice. In this study, we evaluated female choice and larvae production in response to attractive or less attractive males and concurrently examined the protein profile in the brains of females, using the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor as a model system. Females were found to prefer males with high levels of pheromones, which requires the secretion of juvenile hormone (JH). Male attractiveness was enhanced using the JH analog methoprene, resulting in less female rejection and higher mating frequency and offspring production. Importantly, reproductive success was not due to differences in testis size or sperm production, or viability. Out of the 1833 proteins detected in the brain, only 32 were differentially expressed in females mating with attractive versus less attractive males. These proteins involved memory, metabolism, olfactory detection, reproduction, and movement. Although some brain proteins have been linked to mate choice in vertebrates, most of the differentially expressed molecules found in this study have not been previously reported concerning mate choice.
Retyping and molecular pathology diagnosis of dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria
Authors: Zhou Ding'an , Yang Pingping , Chen Hongyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is characterized by diffuse symmetrically distributed hypopigmented macules mixed with hyperpigmentation. DUH is divided into three types by Online Mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM) that is, DUH1 (OMIM 127500), DUH2 (OMIM 612715) and DUH3 (OMIM 615402) according to the different linkage regions. Although each condition possesses corresponding phenotypic characteristics and the prognosis for each is somewhat different, these disorders are highly overlapped and difficult to differentiate in the clinical setting. Our latest study reveals a novel DUH subtype that presents a mild phenotype of pigmentation anomalies and is named PER3rs772027021 SNP related DUH or DUH4 by us, which make the DUH subtype can be further retyped. Heterozygous distribution or mosaic‐like distribution of melanin is a newly discovered pathological features that is uniquely demonstrated in the affected layers of DUH1 and DUH4 patients. In this review, DUH is further divided into four subtypes according the causative genes and their mutational sites, and the mutation regions described in the previous reports. To make an accurate diagnosis, we suggest that Sanger sequencing or the target region sequencing (TRS) to the candidate causative genes related melanogenesis may be the most effective and convenient method of clinical diagnosis or/and prenatal diagnosis for DUH and DUH‐like patients. More importantly, heterozygous distribution or mosaic‐like distribution of melanin can be utilized for differential diagnosis of DUH. We also investigate the underlying molecular mechanism to form mosaic‐like melanin in the affected layers of hyper‐ and/or hypo‐pigmented macules from DUH1 and DUH4 patients. This review provides a molecular and pathological delineation of four types of DUH and aims to establish a concise diagnostic strategy to allow clinical dermatologists to make an accurate diagnosis.
Isobolographic analysis of the ciprofloxacin–gentamicin combination against beta‐lactamase‐producing Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Isiordia‐Espinoza Mario Alberto , Terán‐Rosales Flavio , Serafín‐Higuera Nicolás Addiel , Alonso‐Castro Ángel Josabad , Aragon‐Martínez Othoniel Hugo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBacterial multi‐resistance is a serious global problem that continues to worsen over time due to multiple factors. Among these factors, it is important to highlight the clinical misuse of antibiotics and the mechanisms that microorganisms have developed to protect themselves from these drugs. In this sense, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a pathogen that has found a way to resist many of the drugs currently in use, so infections by this bacterium represent a serious clinical problem.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the type of interaction between ciprofloxacin and gentamicin against beta‐lactamase‐producing S. aureus using isobolographic analysis.MethodsCiprofloxacin (0.5–0.05 mg/mL) and gentamicin (10–1 mg/mL) were used to make concentration‐dependent curves for each individual drug. Thereafter, the 50 inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each drug was obtained, and different proportions of the ciprofloxacin–gentamicin combination—0.5:0.5, 0.8:0.2, 0.2:0.8, 0.9:0.1, 0.1:0.9, 0.95:0.05, and 0.05:0.95—were evaluated. The isobolographic analysis and the interaction index were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe isobolographic evaluation of the combination showed that the ratios 0.5:0.5, 0.8:0.2, 0.2:0.8, and 0.9:0.1 produced a synergistic anti‐staphylococcal effect, and the 0.95:0.05 ratio induced an additive antibacterial effect. Finally, the 0.1:0.9 and 0.05:0.95 ratios of the combination presented antagonistic effects against S. aureus. On the other hand, the interaction index showed similar results to the isobolographic analysis.ConclusionThe isobolographic results of this in vitro assay show that the ciprofloxacin–gentamicin combination induces synergistic, additive, and antagonistic antimicrobial effects against S. aureus.
Novel ginsenoside monomer RT4 promotes colitis repair in mice by regulating miR‐144‐3p/SLC7A11 signaling pathway
Authors: Li Yao , Han Liu , Hou Binfen , Ji Yanhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundGinsenoside RT4 (RT4) is a new biologically active compound extracted from ginseng that possesses numerous medicinal and pharmacological properties. However, its potential therapeutic effect of ginsenoside RT4 on ulcerative colitis remains unknown.Methods and resultsIn this study, we investigated the anti‐inflammatory effects of ginsenoside RT4 and its underlying molecular mechanism in the treatment of ulcerative colitis mice induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Our results demonstrate that ginsenoside RT4 effectively reduced weight, shortening of colonic tract length, colonic bowel damage, and disease activity index (DAI) scores in DSS‐induced colitis mice. Additionally, ginsenoside RT4 regulates miR‐144‐3p expression in DSS‐induced colitis mice, and we further confirmed that the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) was the target gene of miR‐144‐3p by database analysis. Finally, ginsenoside RT4 inhibits the activation of the miR‐144‐3p/SLC7A11 signaling pathway, which alleviates colitis. Ginsenoside RT4 significantly decreased the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐1β and increased the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that ginsenoside RT4 may have therapeutic potential for treating ulcerative colitis by downregulating levels of miR‐144‐3p/SLC7A11 signaling pathway, which are expected to be useful in treating clinical ulcerative colitis.
Blunt notch effect on the fatigue response up to 109 cycles of selective laser melting Ti6Al4V specimens
Authors: Tridello Andrea , Boursier Niutta Carlo , Berto Filippo , Paolino Davide S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the influence of a blunt notch on the VHCF response of SLM Ti6Al4V specimens is investigated. Ultrasonic fully reversed tension–compression tests up to 109 cycles were carried out on unnotched specimens and specimens with a blunt notch. Unnotched specimens show a slightly larger fatigue response, with limited differences. All fatigue failures originated from defects, which are bigger in unnotched specimens, mainly due to the different risk volume of the tested specimens and the related size effect. Interactions between notch, stress gradient, and defect size distribution must be considered to properly assess the influence of notch on the VHCF response.
Amending biochar affected enzyme activities and nitrogen turnover in Phaeozem and Luvisol
Authors: Liu Xing , Jiang Nan , Jing Guoyan , Wang Shuqiang , Chen Zhenhua , Zhang Yulan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil nitrogen (N) is a vital source of nutrients for maintaining soil fertility and crop production. However, the effect of biochar application rate on the mechanism of organic N transformation and the contribution of enzyme mineralization is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted two 5‐year field experiments in contrasting soils (Phaeozem and Luvisol) with biochar application rate at 0 t hm−2 (CK, 0), 22.5 t hm−2 (D1, 1%), 67.5 t hm−2 (D2, 3%), and 112.5 t hm−2 (D3, 5%) to investigate the potential effects of biochar application rate on soil organic nitrogen (N) turnover and its linkage to enzymatic mineralization in contrasting soil. The results showed that soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) contents, microbial biomass carbon to nitrogen ratio (MBC:MBN) and protease activity are significantly influenced by biochar application rate whereas not by soil type. Ammonium nitrogen (NH4+‐N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−‐N) contents, and dehydrogenase activity are significantly changed by soil type whereas not by biochar application rate. Based on the redundancy analysis, we found that organic N fractions are associated with MBN, SOC, and protease in Phaeozem, but related to protease activity in Luvisol. Our findings indicate that organic N turnover is not only related to the bioavailability of N but also requires carbon substrates in Phaeozem, whereas the transformation of organic N in Luvisol is dominated by enzymatic mineralization as the relatively low level of bioavailable N.
Resilient again: COVID‐19, feminist anti‐violence work, and the question of sustainability
Authors: Boucher Lisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGender‐based violence has increased during the COVID‐19 pandemic. As a result, feminist anti‐violence organizations have experienced greater demands for services and complexity of need. Sharing results from a qualitative study with two sexual assault centers, this paper discusses how organizations experienced the pandemic and adapted their work in response. It engages with critical discussions of resilience, arguing for a movement away from a focus on resiliency, which overlooks larger structural issues and the need for sustainability. Further, it calls for greater recognition of the important and varied roles feminist anti‐violence organizations undertake in their communities.
Conceptualising community engagement as an infinite game implemented through finite games of ‘research’, ‘community organising’ and ‘knowledge mobilisation’
Authors: Turin Tanvir C. , Kazi Mashrur , Rumana Nahid , Lasker Mohammad A. A. , Chowdhury Nashit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMeaningful community engagement process involves focusing on the community needs, building community capacity and employing culturally tailored and community‐specific strategies. In the current practices of community‐engaged health and wellness research, generally, community engagement activities commence with the beginning of a particular research project on a specific topic and end with the completion of the project. The outcomes of the community engagement, including the trust, partnership and contribution of the community to research, thus remain limited to that specific project and are not generally transferred and fostered further to the following project on a different topic. In this viewpoint article, we discussed a philosophical approach to community engagement that proposes to juxtapose community engagement for the specific short‐term research project and the overarching long‐term programme of research with the finite game and infinite game concepts, respectively. A finite game is a concept of a game where the players are known, rules are fixed and when the agreed‐upon goal is achieved, the game ends. On the other hand, in infinite games, the players may be both known and unknown, have no externally fixed rules and have the objective of continuing the game beyond a particular research project. We believe community engagement needs to be conducted as an infinite game that is, at the programme of research level, where the goal of the respective activities is not to complete a research project but to successfully engage the community itself is the goal. While conducting various research projects, that is, finite games, the researchers need to keep an infinite game mindset throughout, which includes working with the community for a just cause, building trust and community capacity to maximise their contribution to research, prioritising community needs and having the courage to lead the community if need be.Patient or Public Contribution: While preparing this manuscript, we have partnered actively with community champions, activists, community scholars and citizen researchers at the community level from the very beginning. We had regular interactions with them to get their valuable and insightful inputs in shaping our reflections. Their involvement as coauthors in this paper also provided a learning opportunity for them and facilitated them to gain insight on knowledge engagement. All authors support greater community/citizen/public involvement in research in an equitable manner.