bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review finds processes used internationally, to update clinical guidelines, lack consistency and detail
Authors: Cardwell Karen , Quigley Joan , Clyne Barbara , Tyner Barrie , Carrigan Marie , Smith Susan M. , Lynch Rosarie , Hughes Claudine , Bradley Declan , Kinsella Marita , Holland Deirdre , Ryan Máirín , O’Neill Michelle 
Published: June 2023

Background:Clinical guidelines (CGs) need to be updated to ensure the ongoing validity of recommendations.
Aims and objectives:This systematic review identified and described the most recent CG update processes, including prioritisation methods, used by international or national groups who provide methodological guidance for developing and updating CGs.
Methods:Methodological handbooks were identified by searching a predefined list of national and international organisations, and by grey literature searching. A systematic literature search (2011–2021) of Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles that described the development and or evaluation of update processes. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second. Quality assessment was conducted independently by two reviewers. A narrative synthesis was undertaken.
Findings:In total, 16 handbooks from 11 organisations and three peer-reviewed articles were included. Few handbooks provided comprehensive details beyond whether an update was indicated, with processes for prioritisation of updates and required resources generally lacking; terminology and definitions differed across organisations. In general, evidence synthesis methods used to update CGs were the same as those used to develop CGs de novo.
Discussion and conclusion:Updating CGs is critical to support policy and practice. It is an iterative process that is both resource-intensive and time-consuming. International or national groups who provide methodological guidance for developing and updating CGs should consider providing more comprehensive guidance and standardising the terminology used to facilitate optimal updating of CGs and prioritisation of CGs for updating.
Modeling the future of HIV in Turkey: Cost-effectiveness analysis of improving testing and diagnosis
Authors: Yaylali Emine , Erdogan Zikriye Melisa , Calisir Fethi , Gokengin Deniz , Korten Volkan , Tabak Fehmi , Tasova Yesim , Unal Serhat , Ozelgun Berna , Ozcagli Tahsin Gokcem , Sahin Toros 
Published: June 2023

Aims
This study aimed to determine HIV incidence and prevalence in Turkey and to estimate the cost-effectiveness of improving testing and diagnosis in the next 20 years.

Background
HIV incidence in Turkey has been rapidly increasing in the last decade with a particularly high rate of infection for younger populations, which underscores the urgent need for a robust prevention program and improved testing capacity for HIV.

Methods
We developed a dynamic compartmental model of HIV transmission and progression among the Turkish population aged 15–64 and assessed the effect of improving testing and diagnosis. The model generated the number of new HIV cases by transmission risk and CD4 level, HIV diagnoses, HIV prevalence, continuum of care, the number of HIV-related deaths, and the expected number of infections prevented from 2020 to 2040. We also explored the cost impact of HIV and the cost-effectiveness of improving testing and diagnosis.

Results
Under the base case scenario, the model estimated an HIV incidence of 13,462 cases in 2020, with 63% undiagnosed. The number of infections was estimated to increase by 27% by 2040, with HIV incidence in 2040 reaching 376,889 and HIV prevalence 2,414,965 cases. Improving testing and diagnosis to 50%, 70%, and 90%, would prevent 782,789, 2,059,399, and 2,336,564 infections-32%, 85%, and 97% reduction in 20 years, respectively. Improved testing and diagnosis would reduce spending between $1.8 and $8.8 billion.

Conclusions
In the case of no improvement in the current continuum of care, HIV incidence and prevalence will significantly increase over the next 20 years, placing a significant burden on the Turkish healthcare system. However, improving testing and diagnosis could substantially reduce the number of infections, ameliorating the public health and disease burden aspects.
Prescription Pattern of Antibiotics in Pulmonary Ward of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Mohd Altaf Dar  , Mudasir Maqbool  , Irfat Ara  
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND
World population growth, pollution and overcrowding have all contributed to an increase in respiratory infections. Antibiotic resistant virulent bacteria are on the rise, and they're spreading quickly. As a general rule, lower respiratory tract infections cause only minor symptoms but can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Improvements in public and professional awareness of the long-term nature of many LRTIs could lead to better antibiotic stewardship. The objective of the study was to assess the prescription pattern of antibiotics in patients in a pulmonary ward of a tertiary care hospital, Jammu and Kashmir.
METHODS
A six-month prospective observational study in a pulmonary ward of a tertiary care hospital in Jammu and Kashmir looked at antibiotic use patterns in a single location. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 355 patients were considered for evaluation. Asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), and acute respiratory infections such as the common cold and pharyngitis were all included in the study.
RESULTS
In our study, 230 (64.79%) of the 355 patients were males, while 125 (35.21%) were females. Pulmonary Tuberculosis had the highest number of cases observed (157 patients, 44.22 percent), followed by COPD 91 patients (25.63 percent), pneumonia 46 patients (12.95 percent), Pleural effusion cases 43 patients (12.11 percent), and Bronchiectasis cases 18 patients (5.07 percent). The findings revealed that the most commonly prescribed antibiotics were Cephalosporins, Macrolides, Metronidazole, Penicillins, Aminoglycosides, Doxycycline, Fluoroquinolones, and finally Carbapenems.
CONCLUSIONS
Globally, respiratory illnesses are on the rise due to a growth in population, pollution, urbanization and overcrowding. There is a rapid increase in the number of multi-drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. However, lower respiratory tract infections can cause severe morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Understanding and judicious use of antibiotics may be improved if more people are aware of the long-term nature of LRTIs. In order to understand the dangers and advantages of antibiotic treatment, further research is needed. There is a risk that the use of antibiotics for minor viral respiratory infections could lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant viruses in the community.
Interkulturalität als eine diplomatische Diskursstrategie? Eine interkulturelle Diskursanalyse in der deutsch-chinesischen politischen Kommunikation
Authors: Lu Jiaojiao 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Dieser interkulturell ausgerichtete Beitrag untersucht den strategischen Gebrauch von Diskurshandlungen in der deutsch-chinesischen politischen Kommunikation. Mit Hilfe der Methode der interkulturellen Diskursanalyse werden die außenpolitischen und innenpolitischen Reden von 5 hochrangigen deutschen Politikern vergleichend analysiert, wodurch sich die strategischen Handlungsabstimmungen der deutschen Politiker in der interkulturellen deutsch-chinesischen Kommunikation aufzeigen lassen. Im Vergleich mit dem intrakulturellen Diskurs finden sich in dem interkulturellen Diskurs vor allem mehr Verwendungen von expressiven und argumentativen Diskurshandlungstypen. Zugleich wurden in diesen Reden negativ bewertende wie auch präskriptive Diskurshandlungstypen weniger eingesetzt. In diesen Handlungsabweichungen lässt sich die Interkulturalität als eine Veränderungsdynamik aufzeigen, die als eine diplomatische Diskursstrategie im diplomatischen Diskurs zum Einsatz gekommen ist.
Measurement of spectrum-averaged cross sections of the (n,p) and (n,n′) reactions on strontium by fast neutrons of a TRIGA reactor: comparison with integrated data from excitation functions of various data libraries
Authors: Shuza Uddin M. , Mezbah Uddin M. , Khan Rahat , Mehedi Hasan M. , Asad Shariff M. , Obaidur Rahman M. , Qaim Syed M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Integral cross sections of the reactions 84Sr(n,p)84Rb, 86Sr(n,p)86Rb and 87Sr(n,n′)87mSr, over the fast neutron spectrum of a TRIGA reactor above 0.5 MeV, were measured for the first time. The results were used for integral tests of the evaluated excitation functions in the data libraries, ENDF/B-VIII.0, ROSFOND-2010, JEFF-3.3, JENDL-5 and TENDL-2021. The integral measurements are generally consistent with the integrated values within 12 %, except for a few cases. The two data libraries ENDF/B-VIII.0 and ROSFOND-2010 appear to need some improvement with regard to the reactions investigated in this work.
Eichung im Wandel – Veränderungen bei gesetzlich geregelten Messgeräten
Authors: Ulbig Peter 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Digitalisierung und Energiewende verändern unser Leben in großen Schritten. Den Eichbehörden kommt dabei nach wie vor mit ihrer messtechnischen Kompetenz die Aufgabe zu für Verbraucherschutz und fairen Wettbewerb zu sorgen. Es werden Beispiel gezeigt, wie sich einerseits eichtechnische Aufgaben verringern (z. B. Abgasmessgeräte und Taxameter), aber andererseits viele neue Aufgaben hinzukommen (z. B. Ladesäulen, neue nachhaltige Treibstoffe, intelligente Messsysteme).
Desulfurization of coal using SnO2/TiO2 nanocomposite immobilized on glass beads under solar light irradiation
Authors: Ahmed Zubair , Bhatti Ijaz A. , Amjed Nyla , Mohsin Muhammad , Iqbal Shahid , Al Huwayz Maryam , Alwadai Norah , Nazir Arif , Iqbal Munawar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Coal is one of the important sources of energies and its combustion produce sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere, which needs desulphurization to avoids the pollution issue. Coal desulfurization was performed using SnO2/TiO2 nanocomposite under solar light irradiation. The SnO2/TiO2 was synthesized by co-precipitation method and deposited on glass beads. The prepared SnO2/TiO2 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The SnO2/TiO2 nanocomposite desulfurization efficiency was performed under solar light irradiation and process variables, i.e., irradiation time, H2O2 and pH were optimized for maximum desulfurization of coal. The SnO2/TiO2 nanocomposite showed promising efficiency and 60 % sulfur removal was achieved under optimum conditions. Based on efficiency, the SnO2/TiO2 nanocomposite has potential for the desulphurization of coal under solar light exposure, which will make the process highly economical feasible.
Los mitos medievales en la obra de John Mandeville
Authors: Villalba Ruiz de Toledo F. J. , Novoa Portela F. 
Published: June 2023

La lectura de uno de los Libros de Viajes más difundidos durante la Baja Edad Media, puede ayudarnos a comprender algunos aspectos de la compleja mentalidad del hombre medieval del Occidente latino. En efecto, el Libro de las Maravillas del Mundo de John Mandeville, escrito hacia mediados del siglo XIV, nos pone sobre la pista de innumerables tradiciones, mitos y creencias que, avaladas por los principios impuestos por la Iglesia católica de aquel entonces, sirven para construir imágenes precisas del lejano e insondable espacio de Oriente. La obra de Mandeville, como otros muchos Libros de Viaje del período bajomedieval, se convertirá en un magnífico cauce para presentar al público occidental aquello que no tiene ocasión de contemplar por sí mismo.Palabras clave: Viajeros, Edad Media, John de Mandeville, Mitología medieval. Abstract:The reading of one of the most disseminated Travel Books during the Low Middle Ages, can help us to understand some aspects of the complex mentality of the medieval man in the Latin West. Indeed, the book ‘The Travels of Sir John Mandeville’, written towards the middle of 14th century, puts us on the track of innumerable traditions, myths and beliefs that, guaranteed by the principles imposed by the Catholic Church at that time, serve to construct precise images of the distant and unfathomable space of East. The work of Mandeville, as many other Travel Books of the Middle Ages, becomes a magnificent channel to display to the public in the West what they have not had the occasion to contemplate by themselves.Keywords: Travelers, Middle Ages, John Mandeville, medieval mythology.
Image catographique de l'Asie centrale de Fra Mauro: synthese au carrefour des connaissances diverses
Authors: Gorshenina S. 
Published: June 2023

La difícil colocación de la imagen del Asia central en la cartografía de los siglos XIV y XV, en la transición a la época moderna, se desarrolla en un marco de confrontaciones constantes entre los informes de losgeógrafos grecorromanos y medievales, los autores musulmanes, las novedades traídas del Oriente por losprimeros viajeros y el retorno progresivo de Ptolomeo. Adelantándose a la «geografía de las dudas», elveneciano Fra Mauro absorbe la nueva nomenclatura traída por los viajeros y llega a concebir entre 1448 y1459 una visión coherente del mundo que constituye en cierta manera un paralelo de la guía paramercaderes propuesta por Pegolotti en 1340. Construida sobre razonamientos críticos de sus fuentes y sobretodas las últimas informaciones a su disposición (especialmente las de Ruy González de Clavijo), su mapapone mal ciertas nociones de la cartografía medieval como el país de Gog y Magog, el reino de lasAmazonas, el Cáucaso-Hindu-Kush de Alejandro Magno y las Puertas de Hierro (Puertas Caspianas /Puertas Caucásicas).Palabras clave: Cartografía del Asia central, Fra Mauro, primeros viajeros europeos por Asia, Marco Polo, Clavijo, Alejandro Magno, Puertas de Hierro, Derbent, Gog y Magog, Amazonas, representaciones. RésuméLa difficile mise en place de l’image de l’Asie centrale dans la cartographie des XIVe-XVe siècles, à la transition vers l’époque moderne, se déroule dans le cadre de confrontations constantes entre les renseignements des géographes gréco-romains et médiévaux, les auteurs musulmans, les nouvelles apportées de l’Orient par les premiers voyageurs et le retour progressif de Ptolémée. En dépassant le cadre de la «géographie des doutes», le Vénitien Fra Mauro absorbe la nouvelle nomenclature venue des voyageurs et parvient à concevoir en 1448-1459 une vision cohérente du monde, qui constitue en quelque sorte un parallèle au guide pour marchands proposé par Pegolotti en 1340. Construite sur des raisonnements critiques de ses sources et sur les toutes dernières informations à sa disposition (notamment celles de Ruy González de Clavijo), sa carte met à mal certaines des notions de la cartographie médiévale comme le pays de Gog et Magog, le royaume des Amazones, le Caucase-Hindou-Kouch d’Alexandre le Grand, les Portes de Fer (Portes Caspiennes / Portes Caucasiennes).Mots-clefs: Cartographie de l’Asie centrale, Fra Mauro, premiers voyageurs européens en Asie, Marco Polo, Clavijo, Alexandre le Grand, Portes de Fer, Derbent, Gog et Magog, Amazones, représentations.
Alí El Abbassí. Fondos inéditos en la biblioteca central del CSIC
Authors: Escribano Martín F. 
Published: June 2023

Alí Bey, el personaje ficticio, Domingo Badía, el real, siguen siendo igual de atractivos y a la vez desconocidos que a principios del siglo XIX. Todavía no están claros los motivos de la misión, ni muchas facetas de la vida de un personaje que sigue presentando lagunas en su conocimiento. La Biblioteca Centraldel CSIC posee un fondo importante de documentos originales escritos por nuestro protagonista, y en esta comunicación pretendemos darla a conocer, para el general conocimiento, y con la esperanza de que se abran nuevas vías que permitan ampliar lo que sabemos sobre la persona y la obra de Domingo Badía.Palabras clave: Orientalismo, Domingo Badía, Alí Bey. Abstract:Alí Bey and Domingo Badía, the fictitious and real personage, are still today as attractive and unknown personage as in the nineteenth century. We do not know the mission’s motives, and a lot of things about his life. The Central CSIC Library has important original documents, and here we would like to make them known, hoping to open new lines of research.Keywords: Orientalism, Domingo Badia, Ali Bey.
Effect of Zn content on microstructure evolution in Al–Zn alloys processed by high-pressure torsion
Authors: Ahmed Anwar Q. , Ugi Dávid , Lendvai János , Murashkin Maxim Yu. , Bobruk Elena V. , Valiev Ruslan Z. , Chinh Nguyen Q. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAl–Zn alloys having different Zn contents of 2, 5, 10 and 30 wt% were processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) to produce ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials. Microstructural features of these UFG Al–Zn alloys were investigated using depth-sensing indentations, focused ion beam (FIB), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Emphasis was placed on the microstructure evolution of the alloys with different Zn-concentration which demonstrated substantially different mechanical behavior, exhibiting superductility with increasing Zn content. It was shown that in every case, HPT resulted decomposition in the microstructure, but there is a significant difference between the microstructures of alloys with low and high Zn content. Based on the microstructural observations, a scenario is proposed about that how the decomposed microstructure developed during HPT process in low- and high Zn-containing Al–Zn alloys, influencing their mechanical behavior.

Graphical abstract
CURRENT ISSUES OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION OF VICTIMS WITH A COMBAT INJURY OF THE LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM ON THE MODERN STAGE (REVIEW)
Authors: Tankut Volodymyr , Golubeva Inna , Rykun Mykola , Berenov Kostyantyn , Androsenkova Viktoria 
Published: June 2023

With a beginning of active battle actions in Ukraine the number of victims with gunshot, mine-explosive and shrapnel injuries of the locomotor system among both the military and the civilian population increased sharply. Therefore, the problems of treatment and rehabilitation of victims of hostilities have become especially acute in the last year. Aim. To analyze literary sources on the issue of providing medical aid for gunshot injuries of the musculoskeletal system, to identify problems and prospective directions of rehabilitation treatment of the consequences of combat trauma. Methods. An analytical review of scientific works on the treatment of gunshot and mine-explosive injuries of the musculoskeletal system and their consequences was conducted. Results. It is shown that in recent decades, as a result of the creation of modern firearms and explosive shells, the scale and severity of traumatic injuries have increased significantly, and the frequency of multiple and combined injuries has also increased. Fire injuries of the musculoskeletal system are accompanied by many complications and unsatisfactory anatomical and functional results of treatment. Such injuries are characterized by a traumatic disease that develops in response to combat trauma and has a long and complicated course, high rates of mortality and severe disability. Extremity injuries are the most common — 65‒75 %, and in some combat operations — 80 % or more. The most serious injuries include mine-explosive injuries, which are accompanied by massive damage to the soft tissues of the limbs, main vessels and nerves, and the development of compartment syndrome. 19.1–52.9%) and permanent disability. Conclusions. Damages of the spine and spinal cord lead to high mortality (19.1–52.9 %) and permanent disability. Conclusions. Despite the significant number of developed restorative treatment and rehabilitation technologies victims with gunshot and mine-explosive injuries, specialists continue to improve methods of physical rehabilitation, and work on eliminating problems and shortcomings that still exist in the organization of rehabilitation measures.
El pádel como deporte escolar. Inclusión en las clases de Educación Primaria
Authors: Cachón-Zagalaz Javier , Sánchez-Zafra María , Sanabrias-Moreno Déborah , Lara-Sánchez Amador 
Published: June 2023

Antecedentes: Este artículo, que se puede considerar dentro de las revisiones y experiencias, trata del estudio del pádel como un deporte a enseñar en la etapa de la Educación Primaria por sus beneficios sobre la salud y efectos fisiológicos positivos en programas de actividad física colectivos o de carácter social. El pádel es reconocido científica y académicamente y su práctica es mayoritaria en España por su gran poder socializador que lo sitúa entre uno de los siete deportes más practicados y el cuarto con más licencias federativas en nuestro país. Objetivos: Contabilizar el interés que despierta el pádel en la investigación (tesis doctorales). Comprobar si el pádel se practica en los centros escolares y despierta interés entre el alumnado de Educación Primaria, así como plantear un proyecto de intervención. Material y métodos: El estudio comienza con una revisión de las tesis doctorales defendidas (TESEO) hasta ahora cuyos contenidos están en su mayoría lejos de la educación. Continúa, contactando con los centros de Educación Primaria para comprobar mediante las opiniones del profesorado y la observación de las clases, si el pádel se enseña y practica en dicha etapa de la enseñanza. Termina con el planteamiento de un proyecto de intervención didáctica que incluye el pádel como deporte a practicar en Educación Primaria. Resultados y conclusiones: El pádel es un deporte que presenta una técnica, táctica y estructura temporal determinadas, diferente a otros deportes de raqueta. Es una modalidad deportiva importante en nuestra sociedad, pero no se enseña en los centros educativos. La propuesta didáctica que recoge este estudio ha sido presentada en los colegios para facilitar su enseñanza.
The Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine: The Projection from the First Year of COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Sadarang Rimawati Aulia Insani , Karini Tri Addya , Kurniati Yessy 
Published: June 2023

The Pandemic of COVID-19 affected not only the health sector but also other sectors. Herd immunity through vaccination was recommended by experts. This study purposed to describe the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and to discover predictive factors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Indonesia. This is a cross-sectional study. Data collection used an online platform conducted in August 2020. The questionnaire based on Survey Tool and Guidance by WHO Regional Office for Europe. Logistic regression was run to identify associated factors and to build a predictive model of vaccine acceptance. There were 164 respondents aged 19 – 56 years. About 70.1 percent of respondents showed a willingness to accept the vaccine for COVID-19. The predictive model consisted of age, perceived probability that has been infected and trust in government press releases with performance reaching 73 percent. The trust of people in the government was the most important key to engaging people in vaccination. Evidence-based messaging delivered regularly by the government and consistent action between the government and health officers would educate and lead people's risk perceived and the decision to be vaccinated.