bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpretation and clinical utility of indocyanine‐green fluorescence imaging (IFI) in robot‐assisted anorectal‐function saving operations (ASOs): A propensity‐score matched analysis of 872 prospectively enroled patients undergoing IFI
Authors: Kim Jin Cheon , Lee Jong Lyul , Kim Chan Wook , Kim Hyung Min , Park In Ja , Yoon Yong Sik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study suggested a novel physiological evaluation of indocyanine‐green fluorescence imaging (IFI), and its utility associated with anastomotic leakage/stricture (AL/AS) and prognosis.MethodsThis study focussed on the utility of IFI, comparing IFI + versus IFI‐ groups (n = 878 vs. 339), optimised by propensity‐score matching. After intravenous injection of indocyanine green, maximal perfusion was separately assessed at the vasa recta (VR) and colonic wall (CW), by determining intensities at the VR (VRI) and CW (CWI) and respective time.ResultsAlthough IFI did not significantly reduce either AL or AS, which occurred approximately 3‐fold frequently in patients with lower than higher intensity of VRI. IFI was found as an independent parameter for both disease‐free [DFS: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.489; p = 0.002] and overall survival (OS: HR = 0.519; p = 0.021).ConclusionsAlthough IFI did not significantly reduce AL/AS, IFI independently reduced 5‐year systemic recurrence and increased 5‐year DFS and OS.
The policy trajectory of green building development in China: A sequential and network analysis
Authors: Gan Xiaolong , Yan Kangkang , Xie Kexin , Tan Yongtao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolicies play an extremely important role in promoting the development of green building (GB). Despite multiple policies have been issued to promote the GB development, the low market share of GB in China indicates that the policy system is unsatisfactory. However, few studies have concentrated on the policy trajectory of GB development. This study aims to fill this gap using network‐based analysis to explore the policy trajectory of GB development from the perspective of policy agency, objective, and instrument. 129 national GB development policies were collected, and the trajectory of policy agency, objective, and instrument were analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) cross‐functional‐ and cross‐hierarchical‐level coordination between policy‐issuing agencies tends to increase. The cooperation among policy agencies represents a strong core‐periphery structure feature; (2) the policy objectives are related to multiple dimensions of GB development, and the focuses of GB development policy objectives are dynamically changed but show continuity to some degree; (3) the adoption of policy instruments is structurally unbalanced, and the mismatch between policy instruments and policy objective should be addressed urgently. Corresponding policy recommendations are provided from policy agencies, objectives and instruments. This research provides a novel perspective on policy analysis, which offers useful information on policy making for GB development.
Zusammenfassung und Ausblick
Authors: Peschke Thomas 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIn dem ersten Teil (B.) dieser Arbeit wurde herausgearbeitet, dass die Beihilfenkontrolle im Steuerrecht in dreifacher Hinsicht eingeschränkt ist, nämlich im Hinblick auf die Steuerautonomie der Mitgliedstaaten, den Regelungszweck des Verbots staatlicher Beihilfen und die rückwirkenden Rechtsfolgen bei Steuerbeihilfen.
A Study on Data Augmentation Techniques for Visual Defect Detection in Manufacturing
Authors: Leyendecker Lars , Agarwal Shobhit , Werner Thorben , Motz Maximilian , Schmitt Robert H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeep learning-based defect detection is rapidly gaining importance for automating visual quality control tasks in industrial applications. However, due to usually low rejection rates in manufacturing processes, industrial defect detection datasets are inherent to three severe data challenges: data sparsity, data imbalance, and data shift. Because the acquisition of defect data is highly cost″​=intensive, and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms require a sufficiently large amount of data, we are investigating how to solve these challenges using data oversampling and data augmentation (DA) techniques. Given the problem of binary defect detection, we present a novel experimental procedure for analyzing the impact of different DA-techniques. Accordingly, pre-selected DA-techniques are used to generate experiments across multiple datasets and DL models. For each defect detection use-case, we configure a set of random DA-pipelines to generate datasets of different characteristics. To investigate the impact of DA-techniques on defect detection performance, we then train convolutional neural networks with two different but fixed architectures and hyperparameter sets. To quantify and evaluate the generalizability, we compute the distances between dataset derivatives to determine the degree of domain shift. The results show that we can precisely analyze the influences of individual DA-methods, thus laying the foundation for establishing a mapping between dataset properties and DA-induced performance enhancement aiming for enhancing DL development. We show that there is no one-fits all solution, but that within the categories of geometrical and color augmentations, certain DA-methods outperform others.
The Inequity Implications of Peatland Conservation Policies
Authors: Kasori Maho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImplementation of conservation policies can result in negative impacts and exacerbate existing disparities, yet studies of these risks in peatland communities are minimal. This chapter identifies the equity implications of peatland conservation policies on local communities and suggests appropriate policy directions. The study is based on field work and a survey of 63 randomly selected households (22% of total households) in a multi-ethnic village of Riau Province, Indonesia that has both peatland and non-peatland. Analysis reveals that the make-up and efforts of the local firefighting group, the Masyarakat Peduli Api (MPA), do not include all villagers, suggesting that only specific villagers make an effort to participate in peatland conservation activity. Participation in Livelihood Improvement Programs is also limited, with high-earning households that own non-peatland benefiting the most, thus threatening to accelerate existing economic disparities. There is a strong need for policies and programs that mitigate and correct these disparities while taking into account the diverse nature of peat communities and fires.
Inferring Recent Changes in Fish Fauna in the Middle Reaches of the Kampar River: Survey Results from the Fishing Village of Rantau Baru
Authors: Nakagawa Hikaru 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDegradation of peatlands is an issue of global concern, yet ample knowledge of local conditions is lacking when it comes to determining (1) the impacts of river and floodplain development and (2) how best to conserve peat swamp ecosystems. This chapter documents the relationships between scientific and local names of fishes and recent changes in fish biodiversity in the mid-Kampar River Basin of Sumatra. A questionnaire was administered to 164 householders in the village of Rantau Baru and information on 96 species was triangulated with previous English- and Indonesian-language research. Results indicate the local extinction (defined as caught in the past but not observed during the last five years) of large predatory fishes and the invasion of several exotic species, potentially pointing to the early stage of degradation of the freshwater ecosystems. The potentiality of establishing effective freshwater protected areas in the mid-Kampar Basin is assessed by a narrative review of studies and methods from other developing countries. Local-scale ecosystem conservation that incorporates local perspectives and scientific investigation is of the highest priority to address development pressures on rivers, floodplains, and surrounding communities.
Status of the singlino-dominated dark matter in general Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Authors: Cao Junjie , Jia Xinglong , Meng Lei , Yue Yuanfang , Zhang Di 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the rapid progress of dark matter direct detection experiments, the attractiveness of the popular bino-dominated dark matter in economical supersymmetric theories is fading. As an alternative, the singlino-dominated dark matter in general Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) is paying due attention. This scenario has the following distinct characteristics: free from the tadpole problem and the domain-wall problem of the NMSSM with a Z3-symmetry, predicting more stable vacuum states than the Z3-NMSSM, capable of forming an economical secluded dark matter sector to yield the dark matter experimental results naturally, and readily weaken the restrictions from the LHC search for SUSY. Consequently, it can explain the muon g-2 anomaly in broad parameter space that agrees with various experimental results while simultaneously breaking the electroweak symmetry naturally. In this study, we show in detail how the scenario coincides with the experiments, such as the SUSY search at the LHC, the dark matter search by the LZ experiment, and the improved measurement of the muon g-2. We provide a simple and clear picture of the physics inherent in the general NMSSM.
Lorentz and CPT breaking in gamma-ray burst neutrinos from string theory
Authors: Li Chengyi , Ma Bo-Qiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Previous studies on high-energy gamma-ray burst neutrinos from IceCube suggest a neutrino speed variation at the Lorentz violation (LV) scale of ~6.4 × 1017 GeV, with opposite velocity variances between neutrinos and antineutrinos. Within a spacetime foam model, inspired by string theory, we develop an approach to describe the suggested neutrino/antineutrino propagation properties with both Lorentz invariance and CPT symmetry breaking. A threshold analysis on the bremsstrahlung of electron-positron pair (ν → νee+) for the superluminal (anti)neutrino is performed. We find that, due to the energy violation caused by the quantum foam, such reaction may be restricted to occur at sufficient high energies and could even be kinematically forbidden. Constraints on neutrino LV from vacuum ee+ pair emission are naturally avoided. Future experiments are appealed to test further the CPT violation of cosmic neutrinos and/or neutrino superluminality.
The (amazing) super-maze
Authors: Bena Iosif , Hampton Shaun D. , Houppe Anthony , Li Yixuan , Toulikas Dimitrios 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The entropy of the three-charge NS5-F1-P black hole in Type IIA string theory comes from the breaking of N1 F1 strings into N1N5 little strings, which become independent momentum carriers. In M theory, the little strings correspond to strips of M2 brane that connect pairs of parallel M5 branes separated along the M-theory direction. We show that if one takes into account the backreaction of the M-theory little strings on the M5 branes one obtains a maze-like structure, to which one can add momentum waves. We also show that adding momentum waves to the little strings gives rise to a momentum-carrying brane configuration — a super-maze — which locally preserves 16 supercharges. We therefore expect the backreaction of the super-maze to give rise to a new class of horizonless black-hole microstate solutions, which preserve the rotational symmetry of the black-hole horizon and carry $$ \sqrt{5/6} $$

5
/
6

of its entropy.
Rapid Pacing Decreases L-type Ca2+ Current and Alters Cacna1c Isogene Expression in Primary Cultured Rat Left Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: Ritzer Anne , Roeschl Tobias , Nay Sandra , Rudakova Elena , Volk Tilmann 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe L-type calcium current (ICaL) is the first step in cardiac excitation–contraction-coupling and plays an important role in regulating contractility, but also in electrical and mechanical remodeling. Primary culture of cardiomyocytes, a widely used tool in cardiac ion channel research, is associated with substantial morphological, functional and electrical changes some of which may be prevented by electrical pacing. We therefore investigated ICaL directly after cell isolation and after 24 h of primary culture with and without regular pacing at 1 and 3 Hz in rat left ventricular myocytes. Moreover, we analyzed total mRNA expression of the pore forming subunit of the L-type Ca2+ channel (cacna1c) as well as the expression of splice variants of its exon 1 that contribute to specificity of ICaL in different tissue such as cardiac myocytes or smooth muscle. 24 h incubation without pacing decreased ICaL density by ~ 10% only. Consistent with this decrease we observed a decrease in the expression of total cacna1c and of exon 1a, the dominant variant of cardiomyocytes, while expression of exon 1b and 1c increased. Pacing for 24 h at 1 and 3 Hz led to a substantial decrease in ICaL density by 30%, mildly slowed ICaL inactivation and shifted steady-state inactivation to more negative potentials. Total cacna1c mRNA expression was substantially decreased by pacing, as was the expression of exon 1b and 1c. Taken together, electrical silence introduces fewer alterations in ICaL density and cacna1c mRNA expression than pacing for 24 h and should therefore be the preferred approach for primary culture of cardiomyocytes.
Graphical Abstract
Mite dilemma: molting to acquire sexual maturity or not molting to ensure durability and dispersal ability in Phorytocarpais fimetorum (Parasitiformes; Gamasida; Parasitidae)
Authors: Yasui Yukio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDispersal from birthplace is an effective strategy to cope up with unpredictable environmental change. In many animals, dispersal is carried out prior to mating and reproduction to avoid inbreeding. However, this also means that the dispersers must find mates in the new habitat. Phorytocarpais fimetorum (= former name Parasitus fimetorum) is a free-living predatory mite inhabiting animal dung and manure. In such ephemeral habitats, the mites quickly develop from egg to deutonymph as the environmentally tolerant, dispersal stage via larva and protonymph stages. After dispersal to new habitats utilizing dung beetles as phoretic hosts, deutonymphs have to decide whether to molt to adulthood by losing their tolerance and migration ability or not to molt and continue dispersal. Here, using molt-suppressing deutonymphs that were obtained under isolated conditions, I investigated whether food conditions (amount of rearing medium bearing nematodes as prey) and encounters with conspecifics stimulate their molting. A drastic increase in food resources induced molting in both sexes, but the responses to the pairing treatment were different between sexes. Whereas female deutonymphs molted at the encounter with males regardless of whether they were deutonymphs or adults, molting of male deutonymphs was induced only at the pairing with female deutonymphs (not adult females). Because adult females are usually nonvirgin and have already started oviposition, the males seemed to discriminate against them. The decision about molting is understandable as a male mate choice, which is adaptive to the limited mating opportunities in ephemeral environments.
Embodying Ethiopia’s Global Golden Age on the Muslim-Christian Frontier: The Allure of Glass Beads
Authors: Marín-Aguilera Beatriz , Dussubieux Laure 
Published: March 2023

Abstract The period between AD 700 and 1500 has been recently labeled as “Africa’s global Golden Age.” This is particularly true for the Shay communities living on the Muslim-Christian frontier in the ninth to fourteenth century AD. Located in the center of the Ethiopian highlands, the Shay faced the expansion of the Christian kingdoms and the advance of the Muslim polities. In an increasingly violent context of religious conversion and war between the two religious powers, the Shay stressed their independence by burying their deceased in collective structures, contrary to the mortuary practices of both Christians and Muslims, and by including precious local and global grave goods in their tombs. The laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis of 34 glass beads shows how the Shay communities benefited from the Islamic global trade routes at the time, particularly the Middle East, Egypt, and the Indo-Pacific networks. This article examines the crucial role of global glass beads in the construction of a trans-corporeal landscape among the Shay that served the emergence and consolidation of the social self as a collective identity against their Christian and Muslim neighbors.
Drivers of diversity of arable plant communities in one of their european conservation hotspots
Authors: Fanfarillo Emanuele , Maccherini Simona , Angiolini Claudia , de Simone Leopoldo , Fiaschi Tiberio , Tassinari Antonella , Rosati Leonardo , Bacaro Giovanni 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe changes of agriculture led to deep transformations of arable plant diversity. The features of arable plant communities are determined by many anthropic, environmental, and geographic drivers. Understanding the relative importance of such drivers is essential for conservation and restoration purposes. In this work, we assessed the effects of agronomic, climatic, geographic, and landscape features on α-diversity, β-diversity, and composition of winter arable plant communities across continental Italy, a European hotspot of arable plant diversity. Using redundancy analysis and variation partitioning, we observe that the selected groups of variables explained a restrained to moderate proportion of the variation in diversity and composition, depending on the response (5.5–23.5%). We confirm previous evidence that climate and geographic location stand out in determining the features of arable plant communities in the country, followed by the type of rural area. The surrounding landscape has a subordinate influence but affects both α and β-diversity. The α-diversity is higher in traditional agricultural areas and in landscapes rich in woody vegetation, while it is lower in warmer areas. Species composition is determined by climate, latitude, and the type of rural area, but not by landscape. Total β-diversity is mainly explained by climate and latitude, and subordinately by the agricultural context and landscape. Its components are explained by latitude and climate (replacement) and agricultural context and climate (richness difference). The local contribution to β-diversity of single sites suggested a good conservation status of the studied communities. We discuss the implications of our findings in the light of conservation and restoration of vanishing arable plant communities.
Cholesterol and breast cancer risk: a cohort study using health insurance claims and health checkup databases
Authors: Narii Nobuhiro , Zha Ling , Komatsu Masayo , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Sobue Tomotaka , Ogawa Toshio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the association between serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and breast cancer risk in Japanese women.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the association between the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TGs) and the incidence of breast cancer in a cohort study by using the health insurance claims and health checkup data from a database provided by JMDC Inc. We included 956,390 women who were insured between April 2008 and June 2019, identified breast cancer cases by using validated definitions, and estimated the risk of breast cancer by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for potential confounders.

Results
During the 2,832,277 person-years observation period (median 2.4 years), 6284 participants were diagnosed with breast cancer. There was marginally significant association between LDL-C and breast cancer risk when comparing the highest and lowest quintiles and at the clinical cutoff values for diagnosing hyperlipidemia. HDL-C was not associated with breast cancer. However, when stratified by age groups (< 50 and ≥ 50), HDL-C was inversely associated with breast cancer risk in women over 50 years old. TG was not associated with breast cancer risk.

Conclusion
In this population, there was a modest association of LDL-C at the clinical cutoff values for diagnosing hyperlipidemia (140 mg/mL), and there were no associations of HDL-C and TG with breast cancer risk.
Implementation of micro-credentials in higher education: A systematic literature review
Authors: Ahsan Kamrul , Akbar Suraiyah , Kam Booi , Abdulrahman Muhammad Dan-Asabe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Micro-credential (MC) is an innovative and disruptive technology-based learning model. In higher education (HE), MCs are typically certified in the form of a digital badge (DB) issued to learners upon completion of a credential. The introduction of MCs and DBs has the potential to revolutionise the way in which HE institutions deliver degrees, and how students learn and achieve their tertiary qualifications. To explore this innovative learning, this study investigates the potentials and challenges of implementing MCs in HE. Through a systematic literature review of 56 peer-reviewed articles on MCs and related DBs in HE published between 2015 and 2021, we find that research on MCs in HE is gaining attention. While different aspects of MCs in HE have been studied using various research methodologies and theoretical lenses, further research is needed to capture the influence of technology and to understand different stakeholder perspectives. This study contributes to the growing literature on MCs in HE by synthesising the relevant knowledge areas into key themes and developing a conceptual framework for implementing MCs in HE. This study also identifies critical research gaps to advance the literature on MC implementation in HE.
Ocean Circulation from Space
Authors: Morrow Rosemary , Fu Lee-Lueng , Rio Marie-Héléne , Ray Richard , Prandi Pierre , Le Traon Pierre-Yves , Benveniste Jérôme 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews the recent progress in our estimation of ocean dynamic topography and the derived surface geostrophic currents, mainly based on multiple nadir radar altimeter missions. These altimetric observations provide the cornerstone of our ocean circulation observing system from space. The largest signal in sea surface topography is from the mean surface dominated by the marine geoid, and we will discuss recent progress in observing the mean ocean circulation from altimetry, once the geoid and other corrections have been estimated and removed. We then address the recent advances in our observations of the large-scale and mesoscale ocean circulation from space, and the particular challenges and opportunities for new observations in the polar regions. The active research in the ocean barotropic tides and internal tidal circulation is also presented. The paper also addresses how our networks of global multi-satellite and in situ observations are being combined and assimilated to characterize the four-dimensional ocean circulation, for climate research and ocean forecasting systems. For the future of ocean circulation from space, the need for continuity of our current observing system is crucial, and we discuss the exciting enhancement to come with global wide-swath altimetry, the extension into the coastal and high-latitude regions, and proposals for direct total surface current satellites in the 2030 period.