bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of trends in gut microbiome associated with colorectal cancer using machine learning
Authors: Yu Chaoran , Zhou Zhiyuan , Liu Bin , Yao Danhua , Huang Yuhua , Wang Pengfei , Li Yousheng 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe rapid growth of publications on the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer (CRC) makes it feasible for text mining and bibliometric analysis.MethodsPublications were retrieved from the Web of Science. Bioinformatics analysis was performed, and a machine learning-based Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model was used to identify the subfield research topics.ResultsA total of 5,696 publications related to the gut microbiome and CRC were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection from 2000 to 2022. China and the USA were the most productive countries. The top 25 references, institutions, and authors with the strongest citation bursts were identified. Abstracts from all 5,696 publications were extracted for a text mining analysis that identified the top 50 topics in this field with increasing interest. The colitis animal model, expression of cytokines, microbiome sequencing and 16s, microbiome composition and dysbiosis, and cell growth inhibition were increasingly noticed during the last two years. The 50 most intensively investigated topics were identified and further categorized into four clusters, including “microbiome sequencing and tumor,” “microbiome compositions, interactions, and treatment,” “microbiome molecular features and mechanisms,” and “microbiome and metabolism.”ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis explores the historical research tendencies in the gut microbiome and CRC and identifies specific topics of increasing interest. The developmental trajectory, along with the noticeable research topics characterized by this analysis, will contribute to the future direction of research in CRC and its clinical translation.
The implementation of NILS: A web-based artificial neural network decision support tool for noninvasive lymph node staging in breast cancer
Authors: Dihge Looket , Bendahl Pär-Ola , Skarping Ida , Hjärtström Malin , Ohlsson Mattias , Rydén Lisa 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo implement artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms for noninvasive lymph node staging (NILS) to a decision support tool and facilitate the option to omit surgical axillary staging in breast cancer patients with low-risk of nodal metastasis.MethodsThe NILS tool is a further development of an ANN prototype for the prediction of nodal status. Training and internal validation of the original algorithm included 15 clinical and tumor-related variables from a consecutive cohort of 800 breast cancer cases. The updated NILS tool included 10 top-ranked input variables from the original prototype. A workflow with four ANN pathways was additionally developed to allow different combinations of missing preoperative input values. Predictive performances were assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) and sensitivity/specificity values at defined cut-points. Clinical utility was presented by estimating possible sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) reduction rates. The principles of user-centered design were applied to develop an interactive web-interface to predict the patient’s probability of healthy lymph nodes. A technical validation of the interface was performed using data from 100 test patients selected to cover all combinations of missing histopathological input values.ResultsANN algorithms for the prediction of nodal status have been implemented into the web-based NILS tool for personalized, noninvasive nodal staging in breast cancer. The estimated probability of healthy lymph nodes using the interface showed a complete concordance with estimations from the reference algorithm except in two cases that had been wrongly included (ineligible for the technical validation). NILS predictive performance to distinguish node-negative from node-positive disease, also with missing values, displayed AUC ranged from 0.718 (95% CI, 0.687-0.748) to 0.735 (95% CI, 0.704-0.764), with good calibration. Sensitivity 90% and specificity 34% were demonstrated. The potential to abstain from axillary surgery was observed in 26% of patients using the NILS tool, acknowledging a false negative rate of 10%, which is clinically accepted for the standard SLNB technique.ConclusionsThe implementation of NILS into a web-interface are expected to provide the health care with decision support and facilitate preoperative identification of patients who could be good candidates to avoid unnecessary surgical axillary staging.
A national survey of individualized pharmaceutical care practice in Chinese hospitals in 2019
Authors: Cai Mingyuan , Zhou Liang , Gao Daihui , Mei Dan , Zhang Bo , Zuo Wei , Yan Qing 
Published: March 2023

Background: Individualized pharmaceutical care, which consists of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing and pharmacist-managed clinic (PMC), is one of the most important trends in clinical pharmacy development in the future. While relevant studies in China were primarily single-center or regional. This study aims to explore the current status of individualized pharmaceutical care in China, find out the existing problems and provide references for its further development.Methods: An electronic questionnaire was used and national hospitals’ pharmaceutical administration data from January to December 2019 were collected. The data were sorted into Excel for further statistical analysis. All analyses were descriptive.Results: The proportions of hospitals that performed TDM and PGx testing were 12.83% and 9.48%, respectively. The major responsible departments were the clinical laboratory and pharmacy department. External quality control was carried out in around 70% of hospitals for both TDM and PGx testing. More than half of hospitals provided TDM services for valproate sodium, digoxin, carbamazepine, vancomycin and cyclosporine. And an average of 6.84 drugs were performed TDM in 540 hospitals. Clopidogrel and warfarin were the top two drugs that performed PGx testing. As for the PMC, 10.03% of hospitals opened PMC, of which 60.00% had independent PMC. Approximately 80% of PMC services were free of charge.Conclusion: The development of individualized pharmaceutical care in China is still in the early stage. Different sectors have to coalesce to promote its implementation, including the appropriate education, coverage, reimbursement policies, high-quality evidence, data systems, health system processes and health policies, etc.
A prospective randomized comparative placebo-controlled double-blind study in two groups to assess the effect of the use of biologically active additives with Siberian fir terpenes for the biological age of a person
Authors: Maganova Faniya , Voevoda Mikhail , Popov Vladimir , Moskalev Alexey 
Published: March 2023

A prospective randomized comparative placebo-controlled double-blind study was carried out based on Arterial Indices model of biological age. The study involved 60 men and women aged 40–65 years that were randomly divided into two equal groups of 30 people: the main group and the control one. The study participants from the main group received a dietary supplement containing Siberian fir terpenes, limonene, alpha-linolenic acid, and vitamin E—1 capsule 3 times a day for 90 days. Patients in the comparison group received a placebo according to a similar scheme. Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of patients from both groups have not undergone any significant changes. According to ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries, we observed a statistically significant decrease in the minimum thickness of the intima-media complex (by 45%). The maximum carotid artery stenosis on the right or left and the expansion index in patients of both groups did not change significantly during treatment. According to the results of applanation tonometry, it was revealed that when taking the studied dietary supplement, the pulse wave velocity significantly decreased compared to the initial one (by 10%). Accordingly, the Arterial Indices biological age decreased by 2.5 years compared to the baseline level in patients of the main group and did not change in patients from the comparison group. Supplementation of fir terpenes in middle-aged patients of both sexes reduces the biological age reflecting the condition of the arteries.
Organizational facilitators and barriers for participation in workplace health promotion in healthcare: A qualitative interview study among nurses
Authors: Bleier Hannah , Lützerath Jasmin , Schaller Andrea 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThere is evidence for the positive effects of workplace health promotion (WHP) for nurses. Although this highly stressed target group also actively desires WHP, the number of participants is low. Individual reasons play a role in the decision to engage in WHP activities, yet it is interesting to consider which organizational factors a company could address to improve participation. In this regard, the question arises of what organizational factors facilitate participation in WHP activities from the perspective of nurses in inpatient care facility (ICF), outpatient care service (OCS), and acute care hospitals (ACH).MethodSixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in different care settings between May and September 2021. Questions about everyday working life, WHP activities, and organizational framework conditions were asked.ResultThe results show that there is a wide range of influencing factors at the organizational level, some overall settings, and others setting-specific. High workload and the fit of WHP activities with shift times were particularly inhibiting overall settings. A negative association with the employer worked as a barrier in ICF and ACH.ConclusionWhen implementing WHP activities, it can be useful to consider organizational facilitators and barriers to promote sustainable and attractive WHP activities and higher participation rates in the different settings of nursing.
Facilitation or inhibition? Impact of CEO’s financial background on industrial AI transformation of manufacturing companies
Authors: Xu Peng , Zhang Zichao 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of this paper is to empirically test the impact of CEO’s financial background on industrial AI transformation of manufacturing enterprises based on upper echelons theory and imprinting theory.MethodsThe paper preliminarily takes listed manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets that are affiliated to enterprise groups from 2014 to 2020 as samples, and manually collects and collates datas of CEO’s financial background and industrial AI transformation. The research hypotheses are tested by stata 15.0 software.ResultsIt is found that CEO’s financial background significantly inhibits the industrial AI transformation of manufacturing enterprises, and when the CEO works part-time in the parent company, it will strengthen the negative impact of CEO’s financial background on industrial AI transformation. Further research shows that enterprise financialization plays a partial intermediary role between CEO’s financial background and industrial AI transformation; Compared with private enterprise groups, the inhibiting effect of CEO financial background on industrial AI transformation is stronger in state-owned enterprise groups; CEOs with non-banking financial background have a stronger inhibitory effect on industrial AI transformation.DiscussionFirstly, based on the process of making business decisions, it verifies and clarifies the action mechanism of CEO’s financial background on industrial AI transformation through internal driving mechanism, which expands the research horizon of industrial AI transformation, and further applies the Imprinting Theory in biology to the research of business decision-making, which forms a beneficial complement to the relevant research on economic consequences of CEO’s financial background. Secondly, different from the research of single independent company, this paper focuses on the special situation of parent-subsidiary corporate governance, and explores the mechanism of action, deepening the research on the synergy of enterprise groups. Finally, this paper further explores the influence of CEO’s financial background on industrial AI transformation, which is conducive to a deeper understanding of the heterogeneity of managers except manpower and capital factors in the industrial AI transformation practice of manufacturing enterprises, and provides a new idea and a more comprehensive analysis perspective for industrial AI transformation.
Intermittent water supply and self-rated health in rural China's karst region
Authors: Wu Guoyong , Cheng Jianwei , Yang Fan , Riaz Noman 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionWith rapid economic and social development, surging demand for domestic water, and the increasing shortage of water resources, the applications of intermittent water supply systems have become more common in rural China and other developing countries. The accompanying hygiene risks require our more attention.MethodsBased on the Grossman model, this paper conducted an IV-Oprobit model to investigate whether and how intermittent water supply affect rural residents' self-rated health status. Our data came from “China Karst Rural Economic Survey (CKRS)”, which covers 8 provinces and 641 villages in rural China's karst region.Results and discussionWe found that: (1) Intermittent water supply has adverse effects on the self-rated health status of rural residents. Compared with the rural residents under continuous water supply, the probability of “fair” health status under intermittent water supply significantly increases by 18.2%, while the probability of “excellent” significantly reduces by 58.8%. (2) Residents' water storage behavior and sanitary water habit are important mechanisms for intermittent water supply to affect residents' self-rated health status; (3) Intermittent water supply has a greater impact on the self-rated health of females and the groups with lower education levels. The results of our study have the following policy implications: relevant departments should make a rational plan about water supply methods and improve related supporting measures; we should strengthen health education for rural residents on water behavior to standardize their water storage and sanitary water behavior; government should enhance the pertinence of policy implementation and favor specific measures to specific populations.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices on COVID-19 prevention and diagnosis among medical workers in the radiology department: A multicenter cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Sun Qiyuan , Yu Chunyan , Zheng Zhedong , Wu Qiong , Zhang Jian , Jiang Peng , Liu Ying 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of medical workers in the radiology department toward the prevention and diagnosis of COVID-19.MethodsThis multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among medical workers in the radiology department of 17 hospitals between March and June 2022.ResultsA total of 324 medical workers were enrolled. The mean knowledge scores were 15.3 ± 3.4 (out of 23), attitude scores were 31.1 ± 5.6 (range 8–40), and practice scores were 35.1 ± 4.4 (range 8–40). Positive attitudes (OR = 1.235, 95% CI: 1.162–1.311, P &lt; 0.001) and aged 41–50 years were independently associated with higher practice scores. Those with the better practice were more likely to be older (OR = 2.603, 95% CI: 1.242–5.452, P = 0.011), nurses (OR = 2.274, 95% CI: 1.210–4.272, P = 0.011) and with junior/intermediary/vice-senior title (OR = 2.326, 95% CI: 1.030–5.255, P = 0.042; OR = 2.847, 95% CI: 1.226–6.606, P = 0.015; OR = 4.547, 95% CI: 1.806–11.452, P = 0.001, respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in knowledge between technicians and physicians and nurses and between staff working in tertiary hospitals and non-tertiary hospitals. Knowledge is positively correlated with attitude (β = 0.54, P &lt; 0.001), and attitude is positively correlated with practice (β = 0.37, P &lt; 0.001). Attitudes significantly mediated the association between knowledge and practice (β = 0.119, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe radiology medical workers showed moderate knowledge but good attitudes and practices of prevention and diagnosis of COVID-19. Attitudes were found to be positively associated with better practices of prevention and diagnosis of COVID-19. Attitudes significantly mediated the association between knowledge and practice.
The risk of injuries during work and its association with precipitation: New insight from a sentinel-based surveillance and a case-crossover design
Authors: Tian Tian , Lin Xiao , Huang Tingyuan , Zhang Kai , Shi Congxing , Wang Pengyu , Chen Shimin , Guo Tong , Li Zhiqiang , Qin Pengzhe , Liang Boheng , Zhang Wangjian , Hao Yuantao 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundInjuries during work are often exogenous and can be easily influenced by environmental factors, especially weather conditions. Precipitation, a crucial weather factor, has been linked to unintentional injuries, yet evidence of its effect on work-related injuries is limited. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the impact of precipitation on injuries during work as well as its variation across numerous vulnerability features.MethodsRecords on the work-related injury during 2016–2020 were obtained from four sentinel hospitals in Guangzhou, China, and were matched with the daily weather data during the same period. We applied a time-stratified case-crossover design followed by a conditional logistic regression to evaluate the association between precipitation and work-related injuries. Covariates included wind speed, sunlight, temperature, SO2, NO2, and PM2.5. Results were also stratified by multiple factors to identify the most vulnerable subgroups.ResultsDaily precipitation was a positive predictor of work-related injuries, with each 10 mm increase in precipitation being associated with an increase of 1.57% in the rate of injuries on the same day and 1.47–1.14% increase of injuries on subsequent 3 days. The results revealed that precipitation had a higher effect on work-related injuries in winter (4.92%; 95%CI: 1.77–8.17%). The elderly (2.07%; 95%CI: 0.64–3.51%), male (1.81%; 95%CI: 0.96–2.66%) workers or those with lower educational levels (2.58%; 95%CI: 1.59–3.54%) were more likely to suffer from injuries on rainy days. There was a higher risk for work-related injuries caused by falls (2.63%; 95%CI: 0.78–4.52%) or the use of glass products (1.75%; 95%CI: 0.49–3.02%) on rainy days.ConclusionsPrecipitation was a prominent risk factor for work-related injury, and its adverse effect might endure for 3 days. Certain sub-groups of workers were more vulnerable to injuries in the rain.
A qualitative study on health stigma and discrimination in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learnt from a public health perspective
Authors: Yu Chou Chuen , Tang Bernard , Low James Alvin , Mathew Mathews , Straus Sharon , Fahim Christine 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundStigmatisation, misinformation and discrimination have been magnified globally due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The healthcare sector was not spared from this. We conducted a transnational study, using the Health Stigma and Discrimination framework (HSDF) to explore public perception and reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in a multicultural context. Findings from the Asian arm of the study, sited in Singapore, are reported in this paper.MethodsThis phenomenological research deployed semi-structured informant interviews using non-probability sampling approaches to recruit members of the public. Interviews were coded independently by two researchers and thematic analysis was used to analyse the responses.ResultsTwenty-nine members of the public (23–80 years old) were interviewed between Oct 2020 to Feb 2021. Five major themes were identified: (i) perception of stigma amongst respondents, (ii) experiences of stigma amongst respondents, (iii) views on what drove stigma and misinformation, (iv) facilitators in preventing and reducing stigma and misinformation, and (v) ageist attitudes towards older adults. Overall, construction workers living in dormitories, healthcare workers, and to some extent tourists from China, were perceived to have been stigmatised and shunned by the public. Place-based stigmatisation was common; participants responded by avoiding places that had confirmed cases of COVID-19. Perceived stigma was temporary and not enduring, driven at the outset by fear of being infected. This study also identified the role played by trust in reducing stigmatisation. The relative absence of politicising of issues and high-quality information readily disseminated to the public were reported as factors that could have reduced and prevented stigma and misinformation on the various groups. Ageist attitudes were observed in some participants with older adults being labelled as vulnerable, susceptible to misinformation and being less able to cope during the pandemic.ConclusionThrough the lens of the HSDF, this study provided an exploratory account of the nature of stigma that resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic in an Asian context. It also shed light on facilitators in preventing and reducing stigma during an outbreak especially the role of trust and communications during a public health crisis.
On the determinants and the role of the payers in the uptake of genetic testing and data sharing in personalized health
Authors: Kalouguina Veronika , Wagner Joël 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundNew health technologies and data offer tailored prevention and spot-on treatments, which can considerably reduce healthcare costs. In healthy individuals, insurers can participate in the creation of health capital through data and preventing the occurrence of a disease. In the onset of a disease, sequencing an individual's genome can provide information leading to the use of more efficient treatments. Both improvements are at the core of the “personalized health” paradigm. As a positive side effect, a reduction in healthcare costs is expected. However, the integration of personalized health in insurance schemes starts with a closer understanding of the demand drivers.MethodsUsing novel data from a survey carried out in Switzerland, we determine the factors influencing the uptake and sharing of data from genetic tests. In our regression analyses, we use five sets of socioeconomic, lifestyle, health insurance, sentiment, and political beliefs variables. Furthermore, two framings assess the willingness to undertake a test and the readiness to share results with an insurer when the costs of the test are borne by the insurer or the individual.ResultsWe find that socioeconomic, lifestyle, or political belief variables have very little influence on the uptake of tests and the sharing of data. On the contrary, our results indicate that sentiment and insurance factors play a strong role. More precisely, if genetic tests are perceived as a mean to perform health prevention, this pushes individuals to take them. Furthermore, using the insurer's smartphone app leads to an increase of the likelihood to undergo a test and doubles the probability to share related data. Regarding insurance plans and deductible levels, there is no strong correlation neither with the willingness to take a test nor to share the data. Finally, individuals with complementary health insurance plans are less likely to share results. From the framings for the payment of genetic tests, our results indicate a positive effect of the insurer as a payer on the willingness to undertake tests as well as on data sharing.ConclusionOur results lay the ground for a deeper understanding of the role of payers on health decisions and sharing of health-related data. In particular, we find that it is relevant for health insurers to engage with their clients.