bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards equitable dental care in Canada: Lessons from the inception of Medicare
Authors: Cheung Anson , Singhal Sonica 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDental care in Canada is primarily financed through private insurance plans and out‐of‐pocket payments. While Canada is internationally recognized for Medicare, a publicly‐funded health insurance system that covers hospital and physician‐provided services at the point of care, it remains one of the least equitable Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries in terms of affordable access to dental care. Approximately one third of Canadians do not have access to dental insurance, including half of low‐income individuals, and individuals with the greatest dental care needs are often unable to reliably access dental services. Select populations—such as children, Indigenous peoples, seniors, and persons living with disabilities—receive some level of publicly‐funded dental services, amounting to approximately 6% of total dental spending nationwide. Despite the evolution of Medicare, dental care has been largely excluded from federal health legislation following World War II. However, in March 2022, the Liberal Party of Canada partnered with the federal New Democratic Party to advance common legislative goals, including a long‐term nationwide dental program for low‐ and middle‐income families. As an interim measure, Bill C‐31 was signed into law on 17 November 2022, and created the Canada Dental Benefit, which provides a fixed transfer payment to individuals with an annual household income under $90,000. This commentary reviews the origins of Canadian Medicare, discusses the factors that led to the continued exclusion of dental care from federal health legislation, examines the newly‐minted Canada Dental Benefit, and explores the potential for expanded public funding in Canadian dental care.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on school‐level scholarly outcomes and research focus of pharmacy practice faculty
Authors: Adeosun Samuel O. , Ahmed Zena R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on scholarly outcomes and research focus of schools of pharmacy (SOPs) have not been studied.ObjectivesTo determine how objective measures of scholarly outcomes and research focus changed in pharmacy practice among SOPs, within geographic regions, during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsSOPs were included if they appeared on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding list in all four index years (2018–2019: pre‐pandemic and 2020–2021: pandemic) and ranked among the top 50 at least once between 2018 and 2021. Names of pharmacy practice faculty were obtained from the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) directory. The publication records of each SOP were obtained from Scopus. Scholarly outcome measures were scholarly activity ratio (SAR; proportion of faculty members who published) and scholarly output (SO; number of documents published). Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer®, and Python. Statistical analysis was done in R using a mixed effects model, with the pandemic and geographic regions as fixed effects, and SOPs as the random effect.ResultsFifty‐five SOPs and 1343 faculty members were included. Neither the pandemic nor geographic region had significant effects on SAR. However, both variables had significant effects on SO, as demonstrated by an increase in the Midwest during the pandemic (p < 0.05). Documents published increased from 2755 to 3001 during the pandemic. This 8.9% increase was lower than a historical average biennial increase of 24.9%. COVID‐19 was the top new research topic, constituting 56.5% of the increase over the pre‐pandemic period. Of these COVID‐19 publications, 20.9% were education‐related.ConclusionPharmacy practice faculty engaged in COVID‐19 research that focused predominantly on education. Scholarly‐active faculty were resilient, but their output was lower than expected based on historical trends. These results support the need to adjust tenure and promotion benchmarks and/or timelines related to scholarly output, especially for tenure‐track faculty with probationary periods spanning these pandemic years.
Methylglyoxal‐induced neurotoxic effects in primary neuronal‐like cells transdifferentiated from human mesenchymal stem cells: Impact of low concentrations
Authors: Coccini Teresa , Schicchi Azzurra , Locatelli Carlo Alessandro , Caloni Francesca , Negri Sara , Grignani Elena , De Simone Uliana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the last decades, advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) have aroused the interest of the scientific community due to the increasing evidence of their involvement in many pathophysiological processes including various neurological disorders and cognitive decline age related. Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the reactive dicarbonyl precursors of AGEs, mainly generated as a by‐product of glycolysis, whose accumulation induces neurotoxicity. In our study, MG cytotoxicity was evaluated employing a human stem cell‐derived model, namely, neuron‐like cells (hNLCs) transdifferentiated from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, which served as a source of human based species‐specific “healthy” cells. MG increased ROS production and induced the first characteristic apoptotic hallmarks already at low concentrations (≥10 μM), decreased the cell growth (≥5–10 μM) and viability (≥25 μM), altered Glo‐1 and Glo‐2 enzymes (≥25 μM), and markedly affected the neuronal markers MAP‐2 and NSE causing their loss at low MG concentrations (≥10 μM). Morphological alterations started at 100 μM, followed by even more marked effects and cell death after few hours (5 h) from 200 μM MG addition. Substantially, most effects occurred as low as 10 μM, concentration much lower than that reported from previous observations using different in vitro cell‐based models (e.g., human neuroblastoma cell lines, primary animal cells, and human iPSCs). Remarkably, this low effective concentration approaches the level range measured in biological samples of pathological subjects. The use of a suitable cellular model, that is, human primary neurons, can provide an additional valuable tool, mimicking better the physiological and biochemical properties of brain cells, in order to evaluate the mechanistic basis of molecular and cellular alterations in CNS.
A performance evaluation of sthemO 301 coagulation analyzer and associated reagents
Authors: Pontis Adeline , Delanoe Mélanie , Schilliger Nathalie , Carlo Audrey , Guéret Pierre , Nédélec‐Gac Fabienne , Gouin‐Thibault Isabelle 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThe study objective was to evaluate the performance of sthemO 301 system and to compare it with the analyzer used in our university hospital laboratory (STA R Max® 2), for a selection of hemostasis parameters.MethodsMethod comparison (according to CLSI EP09‐A3), carryover (according to CLSI H57‐A), APTT sensitivity to heparin (according to CLSI H47‐A2), HIL level assessment, and productivity were performed using leftover samples from our laboratory (n > 1000). Commercial quality control materials were used to evaluate precision (according to CLSI EP15‐A3) and accuracy. The assays tested on sthemO 301 were: PT, APTT (silica and kaolin activators), fibrinogen (Fib), thrombin time (TT), chromogenic and clotting protein C (PC) activity, and von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag) levels.ResultsAll intra‐assay and inter‐assay precision CVs were below the maximal precision limit proposed by the French Group for Hemostasis and Thrombosis (GFHT). Accuracy was verified with bias below GFHT criteria and most Z‐scores were between −2 and +2. No clinically relevant carryover was detected. Silica APTT reagent sensitivity to unfractionated heparin was moderate, as expected. Productivity results were consistent over the 10 repeats performed. The overall agreement between the two systems was excellent for all assays, with Spearman rank correlation coefficient all above 0.9 and slopes of Passing–Bablok correlation near 1 and intercepts close to 0.ConclusionFor the methods tested, sthemO 301 system met all the criteria to implement a novel coagulation analyzer in the laboratory and result comparability with STA R Max® 2 was good.
Ca2+‐activated K+ channels regulate cell volume in human glioblastoma cells
Authors: Michelucci Antonio , Sforna Luigi , Di Battista Angela , Franciolini Fabio , Catacuzzeno Luigi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM), the most lethal form of brain tumors, bases its malignancy on the strong ability of its cells to migrate and invade the narrow spaces of healthy brain parenchyma. Cell migration and invasion are both critically dependent on changes in cell volume and shape driven by the transmembrane transport of osmotically important ions such as K+ and Cl−. However, while the Cl− channels participating in cell volume regulation have been clearly identified, the precise nature of the K+ channels involved is still uncertain. Using a combination of electrophysiological and imaging approaches in GBM U87‐MG cells, we found that hypotonic‐induced cell swelling triggered the opening of Ca2+‐activated K+ (KCa) channels of large and intermediate conductance (BKCa and IKCa, respectively), both highly expressed in GBM cells. The influx of Ca2+ mediated by the hypotonic‐induced activation of mechanosensitive channels was found to be a key step for opening both the BKCa and the IKCa channels. Finally, the activation of both KCa channels mediated by mechanosensitive channels was found to be essential for the development of the regulatory volume decrease following hypotonic shock. Taken together, these data indicate that KCa channels are the main K+ channels responsible for the volume regulation in U87‐MG cells.
Isovaleric aciduria identified by newborn screening: Strategies to predict disease severity and stratify treatment
Authors: Mütze Ulrike , Henze Lucy , Schröter Julian , Gleich Florian , Lindner Martin , Grünert Sarah C. , Spiekerkoetter Ute , Santer René , Thimm Eva , Ensenauer Regina , Weigel Johannes , Beblo Skadi , Arélin Maria , Hennermann Julia B. , Marquardt Iris , Freisinger Peter , Krämer Johannes , Dieckmann Andrea , Weinhold Natalie , Schiergens Katharina A. , Maier Esther M. , Hoffmann Georg F. , Garbade Sven F. , Kölker Stefan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNewborn screening (NBS) allows early identification of individuals with rare disease, such as isovaleric aciduria (IVA). Reliable early prediction of disease severity of positively screened individuals with IVA is needed to guide therapeutic decision, prevent life‐threatening neonatal disease manifestation in classic IVA and over‐medicalization in attenuated IVA that may remain asymptomatic. We analyzed 84 individuals (median age at last study visit 8.5 years) with confirmed IVA identified by NBS between 1998 and 2018 who participated in the national, observational, multicenter study. Screening results, additional metabolic parameters, genotypes, and clinical phenotypic data were included. Individuals with metabolic decompensation showed a higher median isovalerylcarnitine (C5) concentration in the first NBS sample (10.6 vs. 2.7 μmol/L; p < 0.0001) and initial urinary isovalerylglycine concentration (1750 vs. 180 mmol/mol creatinine; p = 0.0003) than those who remained asymptomatic. C5 was in trend inversely correlated with full IQ (R = −0.255; slope = −0.869; p = 0.0870) and was lower for the “attenuated” variants compared to classic genotypes [median (IQR; range): 2.6 μmol/L (2.1–4.0; 0.7–6.4) versus 10.3 μmol/L (7.4–13.1; 4.3–21.7); N = 73]. In‐silico prediction scores (M‐CAP, MetaSVM, and MetaLR) correlated highly with isovalerylglycine and ratios of C5 to free carnitine and acetylcarnitine, but not sufficiently with clinical endpoints. The results of the first NBS sample and biochemical confirmatory testing are reliable early predictors of the clinical course of IVA, facilitating case definition (attenuated versus classic IVA). Prediction of attenuated IVA is supported by the genotype. On this basis, a reasonable algorithm has been established for neonates with a positive NBS result for IVA, with the aim of providing the necessary treatment immediately, but whenever possible, adjusting the treatment to the individual severity of the disease.
Quantification of pharmaceutical compounds in tissue and plasma samples using selective ion accumulation with multiple mass isolation windows
Authors: Liang Zhongling , Prentice Boone M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractQuantification of pharmaceutical compounds using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is an alternative to traditional liquid chromatography (LC)‐MS techniques. Benefits of MALDI‐based approaches include rapid analysis times for liquid samples and imaging mass spectrometry capabilities for tissue samples. As in most quantification experiments, the use of internal standards can compensate for spot‐to‐spot and shot‐to‐shot variability associated with MALDI sampling. However, the lack of chromatographic separation in traditional MALDI analyses results in diminished peak capacity due to the chemical noise background, which can be detrimental to the dynamic range and limit of detection of these approaches. These issues can be mitigated by using a hybrid mass spectrometer equipped with a quadrupole mass filter (QMF) that can be used to fractionate ions based on their mass‐to‐charge ratios. When the masses of the analytes and internal standards are sufficiently disparate in mass, it can be beneficial to effect multiple narrow mass isolation windows using the QMF, as opposed to a single wide mass isolation window, to minimize chemical noise while allowing for internal standard normalization. Herein, we demonstrate a MALDI MS quantification workflow incorporating multiple sequential mass isolation windows enabled on a QMF, which divides the total number of MALDI laser shots into multiple segments (i.e., one segment for each mass isolation window). This approach is illustrated through the quantitative analysis of the pharmaceutical compound enalapril in human plasma samples as well as the simultaneous quantification of three pharmaceutical compounds (enalapril, ramipril, and verapamil). Results show a decrease in the limit of detection, relative standard deviations below 10%, and accuracy above 85% for drug quantification using multiple mass isolation windows. This approach has also been applied to the quantification of enalapril in brain tissue from a rat dosed in vitro. The average concentration of enalapril determined by imaging mass spectrometry is in agreement with the concentration determined by LC–MS, giving an accuracy of 104%.
Characteristic response of formulation ingredients revealed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐high resolution mass spectrometry‐based untargeted screening of pesticides in soil
Authors: Ghosson Hikmat , Raviglione Delphine , Salvia Marie‐Virginie , Bertrand Cédric 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCommercial solutions of pesticides consist of two main components: The active substance and the formulation ingredients. These ingredients, mainly composed of polymeric surfactants, are considered inert vis‐à‐vis the targeted organisms and nature. Nonetheless, a relatively low attention is given to their analysis and fate tracking in the environment. In this context, the current paper, embedded in a large study of fate and impact of formulated pesticides in soil, focuses on the analysis of these formulation ingredients. It mainly highlights and discusses the characteristic response of these ingredients in liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry‐based untargeted screening of two commercial herbicides applied on soil. This characteristic response is based on different spectral and chromatographic aspects, as their amplified adducts and double‐charged ions formation, or their “wavy” chromatographic profiles and the inversion of their elution order following the polymerization degree. These patterns are briefly discussed in order to explain them, and then thanks to their understanding, 12 different series (165 compounds) of formulation ingredients were outlined and discriminated from active substance and soil metabolites. After, high‐resolution and tandem mass spectrometry data were investigated for rapid interseries and intraseries identification‐by‐chain. In addition, recommendations for methods development and hints on postanalytical data processing for identity determination of these ingredients are given in order to help in enhancing future studies. Limitations of the applied approach are also outlined, and some innovate suggestions are provided based on the described findings.
Parkinson's disease is positively associated with periodontal inflammation
Authors: Yilmaz Melis , Yay Ekin , Balci Nur , Toygar Hilal , Kılıc Basak Bolluk , Zirh Ali , Rivas Carla Alvarez , Kantarci Alpdogan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PA) affects 1% of the global population above 60 years. PA pathogenesis involves severe neuroinflammation that impacts systemic and local inflammatory changes. We tested the hypothesis that PA is associated with periodontal tissue inflammation promoting a greater systemic inflammatory burden.MethodsWe recruited 60 patients with Stage III, Grade B periodontitis (P) with and without PA (n = 20 for each). We also included systemically and periodontally healthy individuals as controls (n = 20). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected to measure the inflammatory and neurodegenerative targets (YKL‐40, fractalkine, S100B, alpha‐synuclein, tau, vascular cell adhesion protein‐1 (VCAM‐1), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurofilament light chain (NfL).ResultsParkinson's patients in this study had mild to moderate motor dysfunctions, which did not prevent them from performing optimal oral hygiene control. Periodontal parameters and GCF volume were significantly higher in the P and P+PA groups than in the control group. PA was associated with significantly increased bleeding on probing (BOP) compared to P‐alone (p < 0.05), while other clinical parameters were similar between P and P+PA groups. In saliva and serum, YKL‐40 levels were higher in the P+PA group than in P and C groups (p < 0.001). GCF NfL levels from shallow sites were significantly higher in the P+PA group compared to the C group (p = 0.0462). GCF S100B levels from deep sites were higher in the P+PA group than in healthy individuals (p = 0.0194).ConclusionThe data suggested that PA is highly associated with increased periodontal inflammatory burden—bleeding upon probing and inflammatory markers—in parallel with PA‐related neuroinflammation.
The Relative Citation Ratio: An Impartial Assessment of Productivity in Academic Otolaryngologists
Authors: Mendiratta Dhruv , Herzog Isabel , Vought Rita , Vought Victoria , Singh Rohan , Kodali Nilesh , Patel Prayag , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesQuantification of academic productivity relies on bibliometric measurements, such as the Hirsch index (h‐index). The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently developed the relative citation ratio (RCR), an article‐level, citation‐driven metric that compares researchers with others within their respective fields. Our study is the first to compare the usage of RCR in academic otolaryngology.Study DesignRetrospective Database Review.MethodsAcademic otolaryngology residency programs were identified using the 2022 Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database. Demographic and training data were collected for surgeons using institutional websites. RCR was calculated using the NIH iCite tool, and h‐index was calculated using Scopus. Mean RCR (m‐RCR) is the average score of the author's articles. Weighted RCR (w‐RCR) is the sum of all article scores. These derivatives are a measure of impact and output, respectively. The career duration of a physician was categorized into the following cohorts: 0–10, 11–20, 21–30, and 31+ years.ResultsA total of 1949 academic otolaryngologists were identified. Men had higher h‐indices and w‐RCRs than women (both p less than 0.001). m‐RCR was not different between genders (p = 0.083). There was a difference in h‐index and w‐RCR (both p less than 0.001) among the career duration cohorts, but there was no difference in m‐RCR among the cohorts (p = 0.416). The faculty rank professor was the greatest for all metrics (p < 0.001).ConclusionCritics of the h‐index argue that it is reflective of the time a researcher has spent in the field, instead of impact. The RCR may reduce historic bias against women and younger otolaryngologists.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:592–599, 2024
On the variety of strong subresiduated lattices
Authors: Celani Sergio , Martín Hernán J. San 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA subresiduated lattice is a pair , whereAis a bounded distributive lattice,Dis a bounded sublattice ofAand for every there exists the maximum of the set , which is denoted by . This pair can be regarded as an algebra of type (2, 2, 2, 0, 0), where . The class of subresiduated lattices is a variety which properly contains the variety of Heyting algebras. In this paper we study the subvariety of subresiduated lattices, denoted by , whose members satisfy the equation . Inspired by the fact that in any subresiduated lattice whose order is total the previous equation and the condition for every are satisfied, we also study the subvariety of generated by the class whose members satisfy that for every .
Subclinical Epileptiform Activity in Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Musaeus Christian Sandøe , Kjær Troels Wesenberg , Cacic Hribljan Melita , Andersen Birgitte Bo , Høgh Peter , Kidmose Preben , Fabricius Martin , Hemmsen Martin Christian , Rank Mike Lind , Waldemar Gunhild , Frederiksen Kristian Steen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) have a higher probability of seizures than in normal aging and in other types of neurodegenerative disorders. Depositions of α‐synuclein, a pathological hallmark of DLB, can induce network excitability, which can escalate into seizure activity. Indicator of seizures are epileptiform discharges as observed using electroencephalography (EEG). However, no studies have so far investigated the occurrence of interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) in patients with DLB.ObjectivesTo investigate if IED as measured with ear‐EEG occurs with a higher frequency in patients with DLB compared to healthy controls (HC).MethodsIn this longitudinal observational exploratory study, 10 patients with DLB and 15 HC were included in the analysis. Patients with DLB underwent up to three ear‐EEG recordings, each lasting up to 2 days, over a period of 6 months.ResultsAt baseline, IED were detected in 80% of patients with DLB and in 46.7% of HC. The spike frequency (spikes or sharp waves/24 hours) was significantly higher in patients with DLB as compared to HC with a risk ratio of 2.52 (CI, 1.42–4.61; P‐value = 0.001). Most IED occurred at night.ConclusionsLong‐term outpatient ear‐EEG monitoring detects IED in most patients with DLB with an increased spike frequency compared to HC. This study extends the spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders in which epileptiform discharges occurs at an elevated frequency. It is possible that epileptiform discharges are, therefore, a consequence of neurodegeneration. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.