bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining superoxide dynamics in irradiated natural waters
Authors: Arlinghaus Kandis , Frossard Amanda A. , Miller William L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSuperoxide () is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is primarily produced by the one‐electron transfer of photooxidized chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) to O2 in sunlit natural waters. Here we examine the environmental and chemical parameters (pH, ionic strength, buffer, and halides) that may influence photochemical production rates and decay pathways in natural water. Using the enzyme superoxide dismutase and H2O2 measurements, we present results from an irradiated freshwater CDOM source indicating that reductive decay pathways (P/PSOD) dominate with increased pH and NaCl additions and maximal photoproduction rates () increase with carbonate compared to borate buffer. Over 2 h of irradiation, a significant decline in was seen for all samples along with a minor increase in oxidative pathways. These results imply shifts in decay pathways and production rates that seem to vary across natural waters and as a function of irradiation history.
Preparation and Investigation of Thermally Annealed Zein–Propolis Electrospun Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Hochheim Sabrina , Sampaio Naiara M. F. M. , da Cruz Anderson Fraga , del Mercato Loretta L. , D'Amone Eliana , da Silva Bruno José Gonçalves , Saul Cyro Ketzer , de Oliveira Carolina Camargo , Riegel‐Vidotti Izabel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractZein, a corn‐derived protein, has a variety of applications ranging from drug delivery to tissue engineering and wound healing. This work aims to develop a biocompatible scaffold for dermal applications based on thermally annealed electrospun propolis‐loaded zein nanofibers. Pristine fibers' biocompatibility is determined in vitro. Next, propolis from Melipona quadrifasciata is added to the fibers at different concentrations (5% to 25%), and the scaffolds are studied. The physicochemical properties of zein/propolis precursor dispersions are evaluated and the results are correlated to the fibers' properties. Due to zein's and propolis' very favorable interactions, which are responsible for the increase in the dispersions surface tension, nanometric size ribbon‐like fibers ranging from 420 to 575 nm are obtained. The fiber's hydrophobicity is not dependent on propolis concentration and increases with the annealing procedure. Propolis inhibitory concentration (IC50) is determined as 61.78 µg mL−1. When loaded into fibers, propolis is gradually delivered to cells as Balb/3T3 fibroblasts and are able to adhere, grow, and interact with pristine and propolis‐loaded fibers, and cytotoxicity is not observed. Therefore, the zein–propolis nanofibers are considered biocompatible and safe. The results are promising and provide prospects for the development of wound‐healing nanofiber patches—one of propolis' main applications.
Evaluating Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind Development on Fishing Operations by Comparing Fine- and Coarse-Scale Fishery-Dependent Data
Authors: Allen-Jacobson Lianne M. , Jones Andrew W. , Mercer Anna J. , Cadrin Steven X. , Galuardi Benjamin , Christel Doug , Silva Angela , Lipsky Andrew , Haugen Janne B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Climate change will disrupt many aspects of the marine environment, with anticipated effects for half of northeastern U.S. fisheries. To mitigate effects of climate change, the United States has designated 90,650 km2 (35,000 mi2) of ocean for offshore wind energy development, but this growing industry could impact fisheries in the region. Hence, there is a need to measure the spatial distribution of fishing operations to support multiple goals, including spatial planning and compensatory mitigation. In the U.S. Northeast, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries developed fishing footprints previously by using logbooks. However, logbook footprints rely on coarse data: a single location, the center point of fishing trips reported in logbooks. Therefore, we evaluated bias in these logbook footprints by restricting the size of logbook footprints and by generating active-fishing footprints from fine-scale location data collected by a reference fleet operating in the same region. Active-fishing footprints act as a benchmark approximating the “true” fishing footprint and exposure to wind farms. We focused on the longfin inshore squid Doryteuthis pealeii fishery, including 336 trips from 2016 to 2019, and 38 wind farms in southern New England and the Middle Atlantic Bight. Compared to the benchmark active-fishing footprints, unrestricted logbook footprints detected all exposed trips. As we restricted the logbook footprints, the logbook analysis failed to detect exposed trips but better approximated the amount of exposed revenue. Finally, unrestricted logbook footprints underestimated the exposed revenue for high-impact wind farms and overestimated the exposed revenue for low-impact wind farms, and this bias declined with logbook footprint restriction. We show how restricting logbook footprints could improve exposure analysis that depends on coarse-scale data when fine-scale data are unavailable. Furthermore, our analysis highlights the limits of coarse-scale data (i.e., logbook footprints). Therefore, we recommend additional incentives for voluntary participation in programs collecting fine-scale data. These incentives should be prioritized because informed, time-sensitive decisions depend on data collected prior to construction of offshore wind farms.
Brain and Systemic Inflammation in De Novo Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Yacoubian Talene A. , Fang Yu‐Hua Dean , Gerstenecker Adam , Amara Amy , Stover Natividad , Ruffrage Lauren , Collette Christopher , Kennedy Richard , Zhang Yue , Hong Huixian , Qin Hongwei , McConathy Jonathan , Benveniste Etty N. , Standaert David G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the presence of brain and systemic inflammation in subjects newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD).BackgroundEvidence for a pathophysiologic role of inflammation in PD is growing. However, several key gaps remain as to the role of inflammation in PD, including the extent of immune activation at early stages, potential effects of PD treatments on inflammation and whether pro‐inflammatory signals are associated with clinical features and/or predict more rapid progression.MethodsWe enrolled subjects with de novo PD (n = 58) and age‐matched controls (n = 62). Subjects underwent clinical assessments, including the Movement Disorder Society‐United Parkinson's Disease rating scale (MDS‐UPDRS). Comprehensive cognitive assessment meeting MDS Level II criteria for mild cognitive impairment testing was performed. Blood was obtained for flow cytometry and cytokine/chemokine analyses. Subjects underwent imaging with 18F‐DPA‐714, a translocator protein 18kd ligand, and lumbar puncture if eligible and consented.ResultsBaseline demographics and medical history were comparable between groups. PD subjects showed significant differences in University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test, Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living, Scales for Outcomes in PD autonomic dysfunction, and MDS‐UPDRS scores. Cognitive testing demonstrated significant differences in cognitive composite, executive function, and visuospatial domain scores at baseline. Positron emission tomography imaging showed increased 18F‐DPA‐714 signal in PD subjects. 18F‐DPA‐714 signal correlated with several cognitive measures and some chemokines.Conclusions18F‐DPA‐714 imaging demonstrated increased central inflammation in de novo PD subjects compared to controls. Longitudinal follow‐up will be important to determine whether the presence of inflammation predicts cognitive decline. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Utility of whole‐exome sequencing for patients with multiple congenital anomalies with or without intellectual disability/developmental delay in East Asia population
Authors: Hsu Rai‐Hseng , Lee Chen‐Hao , Chien Yin‐Hsiu , Lin Shuan‐Pei , Hung Miao‐Zi , Chen Nai‐Chi , Lin Yi‐Lin , Hwu Wuh‐Liang , Lee Ni‐Chung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCongenital anomalies (CAs) with or without intellectual disability (ID)/developmental delay (DD) comprise a heterogeneous spectrum of diseases that affect approximately 3% of live births worldwide. Recently, whole‐exome sequencing (WES) demonstrated the highly heterogeneous genetic causes of CAs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a referral system to increase the yield of WES for CAs.MethodsFrom August 2018 to July 2019, patients with CAs, with or without ID/DD, after excluding gross chromosomal aberrations, were referred to geneticists in two medical centers. Variant prioritization was conducted with an AI‐assisted tool for whole exomes or a CA‐related gene panel.ResultsForty patients (27 males and 13 females) with CAs were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 4.71 years (range, 0.01–18.2). Pathogenic variants in 14 genes were discovered in 16 patients (three patients with CHD7 and 13 patients with one gene each of ATP6V1B2, TAF6, COL4A3BP, ANKH, BMP2, SMARCA4, CUL4B, PGAP3, SOX11, FBN2, PTPN11, SOS1, or PROKR2), with a positive diagnostic rate of 40%. Among the 16 positive cases, 13 (81%) also had ID/DD. The inheritance was autosomal dominant in 13 (81%), autosomal recessive in two (13%), and X‐linked in one (6%). Only five patients received a correct clinical diagnosis before WES. The analyses of patients with a negative genetic diagnosis revealed a phenotype and gene mutation load similar to those of the positive‐finding patients but with a lower percentage of ID/DD.ConclusionsThe careful selection of patients by experienced geneticists and the exclusion of chromosomal aberrations raises the positive rate of the molecular diagnosis for CAs to 40%. However, more than half of the patients with CAs still do not have a genetic diagnosis by current technologies.
Musculoskeletal pain and its impact on prognosis following acute coronary syndrome or stroke: A linked electronic health record cohort study
Authors: Mason Kayleigh J. , Jordan Kelvin P. , Heron Neil , Edwards John J. , Bailey James , Achana Felix A. , Chen Ying , Frisher Martin , Huntley Alyson L. , Mallen Christian D. , Mamas Mamas A. , Png May Ee , Tatton Stephen , White Simon , Marshall Michelle 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveMusculoskeletal painful conditions are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but less is known about whether musculoskeletal pain also worsens prognosis from CVD. The objective was to determine whether patients with musculoskeletal pain have poorer prognosis following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or stroke.MethodsThe study utilised UK electronic primary care records (CPRD Aurum) with linkage to hospital and mortality records. Patients aged ≥45 years admitted to hospital with incident ACS/stroke were categorised by healthcare use for musculoskeletal pain (inflammatory conditions, osteoarthritis [OA], and regional pain) based on primary care consultations in the prior 24 months. Outcomes included mortality, length of stay, readmission and management of index condition (ACS/stroke).ResultsThere were 171,670 patients with incident ACS and 138,512 with stroke; 30% consulted for musculoskeletal pain prior to ACS/stroke and these patients had more comorbidity than those without musculoskeletal pain. Rates of mortality and readmission, and length of stay were higher in those with musculoskeletal pain, particularly OA and inflammatory conditions, in ACS. Readmission was also higher for patients with musculoskeletal pain in stroke. However, increased risks associated with musculoskeletal pain did not remain after adjustment for age and polypharmacy. Inflammatory conditions were associated with increased likelihood of prescriptions for dual anti‐platelets (ACS only) and anti‐coagulants.ConclusionsPatients with musculoskeletal pain have higher rates of poor outcome from ACS which relates to being older but also increased polypharmacy. The high rates of comorbidity including polypharmacy highlight the complexity of patients with musculoskeletal pain who have new onset ACS/stroke.
Deep capsule encoder–decoder network for surrogate modeling and uncertainty quantification
Authors: Thakur Akshay , Chakraborty Souvik 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe propose a novel capsule‐based deep encoder–decoder model for surrogate modeling and uncertainty quantification of systems in mechanics from sparse data. The proposed framework is developed by adapting Capsule Network (CapsNet) architecture into an image‐to‐image regression encoder–decoder network. Specifically, the aim is to exploit the benefits of CapsNet over convolution neural network (CNN) – retaining pose and position information related to an entity to name a few. The performance of the proposed approach is illustrated by solving two different variants of elliptic partial differential equations (PDE): a stochastic version without a source term having an input dimensionality of 1024 and a deterministic pressure Poisson equation for flow past a cylinder. The first PDE, that is, the stochastic PDE (SPDE), also governs systems in mechanics such as steady heat conduction, groundwater flow, or other diffusion processes. In this article, the problem definition for this SPDE is such that it does not restrict the random diffusion field to a particular covariance structure, and the more strenuous task of response prediction for an arbitrary diffusion field is solved. Finally, we also evaluate the performance of our model on the uncertainty propagation problem based on this equation. The obtained results from the performance evaluation of the developed model on the mentioned problems indicate that the proposed approach is accurate, data efficient, and robust.
“Energize your life” virtually: Lessons learned from online gardening workshops
Authors: Spaccarotella Kim , Wheeler Bridget , Mishra Sasmita 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVirtual gardening classes that started in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic continue to attract participants. Little is known about characteristics that improve their effectiveness and enable participants to continue gardening. The purpose of this project was to pilot test a nutrition‐focused, virtual container gardening program, obtain feedback on its content and delivery, and identify features that may impact the long‐term effectiveness of virtual gardening interventions. Gardening curricula were adapted for a virtual program offering adults five, 1‐h sessions. At baseline, participants (n = 12) were very interested in consuming produce (mean score 4.6 ± 1.0 out of 5) and consumed fruit and vegetables at a mean of 2.6 ± 1.4 times/day. There were no significant differences in consumption based on prior gardening experience (p = .6). Participants requested recipes that were inexpensive, quick, and easy to adapt. They suggested resources on storing and preparing produce, garden care, and getting seeds as support. Although the ability to rewatch recorded workshops and participate remotely were convenient, follow‐up with asynchronous participants, inadequate lighting, over‐watering, indoor pests, and failure of seeds to germinate indoors were challenges. Future work should identify ways to enhance social support and interaction among virtual workshop participants and determine how virtual gardening programs affect produce consumption among those with limited intake.
Effect of telehealth‐based versus in‐person nutritional and exercise intervention on type II diabetes mellitus improvement and efficiency of human resources utilization in patients with obesity
Authors: Rajkumar Shruthi , Davidson Elana , Bell Michael , Reardon Christina , Lapolla Abby , Michelakis Maria , Raftopoulos Yannis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsTelehealth became a patient necessity during the COVID pandemic and evolved into a patient preference in the post‐COVID era. This study compared the % total body weight loss (%TBWL), HbA1c reduction, and resource utilization among patients with obesity and diabetes who participated in lifestyle interventions with or without telehealth.MethodsA total of 150 patients with obesity and diabetes who were followed every 4–6 weeks either in‐person (n = 83) or via telehealth (n = 67), were included. All patients were provided with an individualized nutritional plan that included a weight‐based daily protein intake from protein supplements and food, an activity/sleep schedule‐based meal times, and an aerobic exercise goal of a 2000‐calorie burn/week, customized to patient's preferences, physical abilities, and comorbidities. The goal was to lose 10%TBWL. Telehealth‐based follow‐up required transmission via texting of weekly body composition measurements and any blood glucose levels below 100 mg/dl for medication adjustments. Weight, BMI, %TBWL, HbA1c (%), and medication effect score (MES) were compared. Patient no‐show rates, number of visits, program duration, and drop‐out rate were used to assess resource utilization based on cumulative staff and provider time spent (CSPTS), provider lost time (PLT) and patient spent time (PST).ResultsMean age was 47.2 ± 10.6 years and 74.6% were women. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) decreased from 44.1 ± 7.7–39.7 ± 6.7 kg/m2 (p < 0.0001). Mean program duration was 189.4 ± 169.3 days. An HbA1c% unit decline of 1.3 ± 1.5 was achieved with a 10.1 ± 5.1%TBWL. Diabetes was cured in 16% (24/150) of patients. %TBWL was similar in regards to telehealth or in‐person appointments (10.6% ± 5.1 vs. 9.6% ± 4.9, p = 0.14). Age, initial BMI, MES, %TBWL, and baseline HbA1c had a significant independent effect on HbA1c reduction (p < 0.0001). Program duration was longer for in‐person follow‐up (213.8 ± 194 vs. 159.3 ± 127, p = 0.019). The mean annual telehealth and in‐person no‐show rates were 2.7% and 11.2%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Mean number of visits (5.7 ± 3.0 vs. 8.6 ± 5.1) and drop‐out rates (16.49% vs. 25.83%) were lower in telehealth group (p < 0.0001). The CSPTS (440.4 ± 267.5 min vs. 200.6 ± 110.8 min), PLT (28.9 ± 17.5 min vs. 3.1 ± 1.6 min), and PST (1033 ± 628 min vs. 113.7 ± 61.4 min) were significantly longer (p < 0.0001) for the in‐person group.ConclusionsTelehealth offered comparable %TBWL and HbA1c decline as in‐person follow‐up, but with a shorter follow‐up, fewer appointments, and no‐shows. If improved resource utilization is validated by other studies, telehealth should become the standard of care for the management of obesity and diabetes.
Spontaneous development of an autoimmune hepatitis – primary biliary cholangitis overlap syndrome in dnTGFβRII Aire−/− mice
Authors: Long Jie , Yang Si‐Yu , Huang Meng‐Xing , Luo Pan‐Yue , Li Liang , Tsuneyama Koichi , Ansari Aftab A , Lu Ling , Gershwin M Eric , Lian Zhe‐Xiong , Zhao Zhi‐Bin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAutoimmune regulator (Aire) and TGF‐β signaling play important roles in central tolerance and peripheral tolerance, respectively, by eliminating or suppressing the activity of autoreactive T cells. We previously demonstrated that dnTGFβRII mice develop a defect in peripheral tolerance and a primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)‐like disease. We hypothesized that by introducing the Aire gene to this model, we would observe a more severe PBC phenotype. Interestingly, however, we demonstrated that, while dnTGFβRII Aire−/− mice do manifest key histological and serological features of autoimmune cholangitis, they also develop mild to moderate interface hepatitis and show high levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA), characteristics of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). To further understand this unique phenotype, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) and flow cytometry to explore the functional pathways and immune cell pathways in the liver of dnTGFβRII Aire−/− mice. Our data revealed enrichments of programmed cell death pathways and predominant CD8+ T cell infiltrates. Depleting CD8+ T cells using an anti‐CD8α antibody significantly alleviated hepatic inflammation and prolonged the life span of these mice. Finally, RNA‐seq data indicated the clonal expansion of hepatic CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, these mice developed an autoreactive CD8+ T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune cholangitis with concurrent hepatitis that exhibited key histological and serological features of the AIH‐PBC overlap syndrome, representing a novel model for the study of tolerance and autoimmune liver disease. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The crosstalking of lactate‐Histone lactylation and tumor
Authors: Rong Yao , Dong Fengyuan , Zhang Guiqian , Tang Mingzheng , Zhao Xiashuang , Zhang Yan , Tao Pengxian , Cai Hui 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTLactate was once considered to be a by‐product of energy metabolism, but its unique biological value was only gradually explored with the advent of the Warburg effect. As an end product of glycolysis, lactate can act as a substrate for energy metabolism, a signal transduction molecule, a regulator of the tumor microenvironment and immune cells, and a regulator of the deubiquitination of specific enzymes, and is involved in various biological aspects of tumor regulation, including energy shuttling, growth and invasion, angiogenesis and immune escape. Furthermore, we describe a novel lactate‐dependent epigenetic modification, namely histone lactylation modification, and review the progress of its study in tumors, mainly involving the reprogramming of tumor phenotypes, regulation of related gene expression, mediation of the glycolytic process in tumor stem cells (CSCs) and influence on the tumor immune microenvironment. The study of epigenetic regulation of tumor genes by histone modification is still in its infancy, and we expect that by summarizing the effects of lactate and histone modification on tumor and related gene regulation, we will clarify the scientific significance of future histone modification studies and the problems to be solved, and open up new fields for targeted tumor therapy.
How does agricultural global value chain affect ecological footprint? The moderating role of environmental regulation
Authors: Xu Yubing , Li Cuixia , Wang Jing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the deepening of the global division of labor, it is of great practical significance to study the impact of agricultural global value chain (GVC) on the ecological footprint. Based on the data of trade in value added provided by the OECD, this study adopts the dynamic panel model and moderating effect model to systematically examine the impact of agricultural GVC on ecological footprint and the moderating effect of environmental regulation. Empirical results show that upgrading the position of agricultural GVC significantly reduces the ecological footprint. Further, the effect of agricultural GVC on ecological footprint is more pronounced in middle‐ and low‐income countries than in high‐income countries. The mechanism test using the moderating effect model proves that there is a positive moderating effect of environmental regulation on the relationship between agricultural GVC and ecological footprint. The findings disclose the environmental effect behind upgrading the position of agricultural GVC and offer certain enlightenment from the perspective of environmental regulation for a country to participate in the agricultural GVC, alleviate the pressure on the ecological footprint and ultimately achieve sustainable development.