bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling factors of latitudinal distribution of dissolved organic matter in the upper layers of the Indian Ocean
Authors: Shigemitsu Masahito , Sasaoka Kosei , Wakita Masahide , Yokokawa Taichi , Hashioka Taketo , Arulananthan K. , Murata Akihiko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We studied chromophoric (CDOM) and fluorescent (FDOM) dissolved organic matter (DOM), and dissolved organic carbon in surface waters to determine the factors controlling the geographical distribution of DOM along two meridional transects in the Indian Ocean. For CDOM, we calculated the absorption coefficients, spectral slope, and absorption coefficient ratio from the observed absorption spectra. For FDOM, we calculated the biological (BIX) and humification (HIX) indices from the excitation emission matrices (EEMs); parallel factor analysis of the EEMs identified three fluorescent components, i.e., two humic-like and one protein-like. Using these DOM parameters, a factor analysis extracted fewer latent variables than the observed variables to account for the geographical distributions. We obtained three factors (F1, F2, and F3) which explained ~ 84% of the variance in the observed data. From the factor loadings, F1, F2, and F3 were the effects of net primary production-derived DOM and its horizontal transport, photodegradation, and vertical transport by physical processes. We characterized seven marine biogeochemical provinces by factor scores. F1 scores gradually decreased from the northernmost to the Antarctic province, with a small maximum around the subtropical front. F2 scores were highest in the subtropical province and decreased in both the northward and southward directions. F3 scores were high in the Antarctic and northernmost provinces, and lowest in the subtropical province. Only BIX was insufficiently explained by these factors. BIX was highest in the northern part of the subtropical province, where photodegradation of DOM was the most intense. This suggested that the interaction between photodegradation and biodegradation of DOM occurs in the subtropical province.
Solana a new blockchain revolution for Indian Agri products using Cloud based wallet
Authors: Premchandran Divya , Batchu Chalamayya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Agriculture is a wide industry in India and the supply chain for the same is very complex. Even though farming, distributing and selling Agri products are quite evolved. Still, Post-harvest dubiety is the biggest issue faced by the Indian agriculture market. Hence, farmers are never benefiting from fault pricing, improper sorting and grading of farmed products, Lack of proper storage facility and middleman hoarding of vegetables to manipulate rates in the market. These issues will take actual vegetables to reach consumers more time and hence quality and freshness of these products getting compromised. Blockchain technology can revolutionize these pertaining challenges in agriculture. It can help to provide quality Agri products from farmer to consumer. This paper examines the Solana blockchain enabled model in Indian farming. Solana provides the fastest blockchain ecosystem and follows Proof Of History which is more secure with less transaction cost. The framework proposed is to overcome current issues faced by supply chain in Indian agriculture through cost effective manner.
Shedding Light on Rechargeable Na/Cl2 Battery
Authors: Dai Hongjie , Zhu Guanzhou , Liang Peng , Huang Cheng-Liang , Wu Shu-Chi , Huang Cheng-Chia , Li Yuan-Yao , Jiang Shi-Kai , Huang Wei-Hsiang , Li Jiachen , Wang Feifei , Hwang Bing Joe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Advancing new ideas of rechargeable batteries represents an important path to meeting the ever increasing energy storage needs. Recently we showed rechargeable sodium/chlorine (Na/Cl2) (or lithium/chlorine Li/Cl2) batteries that used a Na (or Li) metal negative electrode, a microporous amorphous carbon nanosphere (aCNS) positive electrode and an electrolyte containing dissolved AlCl3 and fluoride additives in thionyl chloride (SOCl2)1-2. The main battery redox reaction involved conversion between NaCl and Cl2 trapped in the carbon positive electrode, delivering a cyclable capacity of up to 1200 mAh g-1 (based on positive electrode mass) at a ~ 3.5 V discharge voltage1-2. Here, we discovered by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) that upon charging a Na/Cl2 battery, chlorination of carbon in the positive electrode occurred to form C-Cl accompanied by molecular Cl2 infiltrating the porous aCNS, consistent with Cl2 probed by mass spectrometry. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction observed the development of graphitic ordering in the initially amorphous aCNS under battery charging when the carbon matrix was oxidized/chlorinated and infiltrated with Cl2. The C-Cl, Cl2 species and graphitic ordering were reversible upon discharge, accompanied by NaCl formation. The results revealed redox conversion between NaCl and Cl2, reversible graphitic ordering/amorphourization of carbon through battery charge/discharge, and for the first time probed trapped Cl2 in porous carbon by XPS.
Does symbiotic relationship between Hydra viridissima and photoautotrophic alga provide evolutionary advantage in securing the DNA against damage by cytotoxic or genotoxic mode of action of environmental stressors?
Authors: Želježić Davor , Kovačev Goran , Matijević Ana , Korać Petra , Mihalić Katarina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Symbiosis is an evolutionary strategy that provides biological advantages. The most complex cooperation between symbiotic organisms is endosymbiosis, as it is the symbiosis between green hydra (Hydra viridissima Pallas, 1766) and unicellular photoautotrophic alga. We aimed to evaluate whether this symbiotic cooperation bestows higher resistance to stressors, in terms of preservation of DNA integrity, compared to free-living brown hydra (Hydra oligactis Pallas, 1766). Hydras were exposed to herbicide norflurazon at 2×10− 7 or 2×10− 6 mol/L and UV-B light of 254 nm, 0.023 mW/cm separately or simultaneously. By alkaline comet assay the level of primary DNA damage and by fluorescent staining apoptosis and necrosis were determined. Norflurazon at 2×10− 6 mol/L significantly increased comet assay descriptors in brown hydra compared to negative control (6.17 ± 0.6µm and 5.2 ± 1.7% vs. 2.9 ± 0.2µm and 1.2 ± 0.2%). The frequency of apoptotic and necrotic cells was significantly elevated either, being higher in brown hydra (25.7 ± 3.5% and 8.2 ± 0.2%) than green hydra (20.3 ± 2.5% and 2.8 ± 0.2%). UV-B irradiation induced significant DNA damage in brown hydra only (13.5 ± 1.0µm, 4.1 ± 1.0%). Simultaneous exposure to UV-B light and norflurazon led to synergistic increase in intensity of adverse effects. Norflurazon at 2×10− 7 mol/L combined with UV-B light induced significantly increased DNA lesion-level in brown hydra (15.8 ± 3.1%) and at concentration of 2×10− 6 mol/L in both species (brown: 15.0 ± 2.6%, green: 22.0 ± 3.0%). Cytotoxicity and increased hedgehog nucleoids frequency were recorded, significantly more pronounced in brown (78.3 ± 9.4% and 56.4 ± 6.0%) compared to green hydra (34.7 ± 2.5% and 24.2 ± 0.6%). We proved that evolutionary established symbiotic cooperation may contribute to higher resistance to cyto/genotoxic stressors.
The role of social network diversity for self-perceptions of aging in later life
Authors: Meyer-Wyk Frauke , Richter Adrian , Wurm Susanne 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

While the link between self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and healthy aging is well established, less is known about how SPA relate to social factors. The present study investigated whether higher social network diversity is associated with more gain-related SPA and less loss-related SPA and whether this association is moderated by chronological age. We examined data from the German Ageing Survey of 2008 (DEAS; N = 6,205, 40–85 years, 49.5% female). Network diversity was assessed as the number of social roles in an individual’s social network. Three dimensions of SPA were measured with the Aging-Related Cognitions Scale (AgeCog; ongoing development, social losses, physical losses). We conducted multiple linear regression models and tested for a moderator effect of chronological age using an interaction term of age and network diversity. Results showed that at higher ages older adults with higher network diversity reported more gain-related SPA in the dimension of ongoing development than those with less diverse networks, supporting a moderating effect of age. Loss-related SPA in the dimension of social losses showed a small positive association with network diversity while loss-oriented SPA in the dimension of physical losses did not appear to be related to network diversity. Age had no relevance for either relationship. The present study adds to evidence on the role of social relationships for SPA. Our findings suggest that in certain dimensions and partly depending on age, social network diversity is both related to more gain-related and more loss-related SPA.
A comparative study of Chilli (Capsicum Annuum) on biomass production by phosphorus application through micro-dose placement, broadcast, and optimized seedling Root-dip in P-enriched slurry
Authors: Kalidas-Singh Sagolshem , Swain Sanatan Kumar , Thakuria Dwipendra , Puyam Anita , Maimom Sonia , Homeshwari-Devi Mayanglambam , Huidrom Sangeeta 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A sustainable method of phosphorus (P) fertilizer application is needed to support crop production, due to the limited P reserves and negative environmental impact caused by excessive P application in agriculture. This study proposes a comparison of P management that enhance P nutrition of Chilli seedlings (variety: Arka Khyati) through seedling root-dipping (SRD) into P-enriched slurry (SSP-amended soil slurry; pH of 8.1), micro-dose placement (MDP; drill and place closer to plant root), and full dose placement by broadcasting (FD). In SRD method, seedlings were dipped in three different P concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mg P2O5 kg-1) for varying durations (0, ½, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours) and then transplanted into pots, along with the MDP and FD treatments, resulting in 15 total treatments with 5 replications. The amount of P adhered to the seedling roots in the SRD treatments was 21 and 90 times lower than that P applied in MDP and FD treatments, respectively. The best performance in biomass production was observed in seedlings dipped in 100 mg P2O5 kg-1 for 2 hours in SRD, (dipping in higher concentrations with longer durations resulting in plant death). Overall, the comparison showed a 52%, 178%, and 293% increase in biomass production compared to the control for FD, MDP, and SRD, respectively. P-use and -recovery efficiency followed the same trend. Further multilocational trials are necessary to assess this method, and it is recommended to apply a reduced amount of P to maintain a balanced of native P in the soil.
Integrated optimization of train stop planning and seat allocation for high-speed railways based on active management for dynamic demand
Authors: Li Xiaojuan , Fu Zefan , Cao Zhichao , Yang Li , Li Chengbin , Yan Zhenying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Focusing on dynamic demand for high-speed railways, demand management has its appeal in transforming its attention from supply-driven to on-demand. Active management involving with train stop planning and seat allocation is a key issue at the planning level. Concentrating on multi-type demand exhibitions, this paper designs four active demand management methods for different demand types, i.e., (i) a method determined by the mean value, (ii) a method based on the probability of passenger flow in a time period, (iii) a multi-scenario method based on each day, and (iv) a method as per similar passenger flow combinations, respectively. An integrated optimization model of stop planning, and seat allocation is constructed with the objective of minimizing the difference between demand and supply, the number of the trains and the cost of train stops. The number of train stops, carrying capacity, user satisfaction degree, and the seat attendance rate are taken into consideration. An algorithm combined particle swarm with CPLEX is proposed to handle this large-scale linear programming problem. A real case of different demand scenarios based on the Hohhot-Beijing high-speed railway in China verifies that the active demand management methods are feasible for different demand-type scenarios. The results indicate that the integrated optimization can be justified in many cases with mixed load patterns. Compared with the original scheme, the optimized train stop planning reduces the total number of trains by 23.2% and increases the seat attendance rate by 33.8%, respectively.
Quantum and Experimental Studies on the Adsorption Efficiency of Oyster Shells Based CaO Nanoparticles (CaONPO) Toward the Removal of MethyleneBlue Dye (MBD) from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kelle Henrietta Ijeoma , Ogoko Emeka Chima , Eddy Nnabuk Okon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The significance of nanoparticles in environmental remediation of water pollution is attributed to their exceptional properties such as thermal stability, particle size, porosity, surface area and other properties. In this study, oyster shells were used as a precursor to synthesized CaO nanoparticles due to their high CaCO3 content. Sol gel method was employed. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited strong thermal stability beyond 900 °C and exhibited \({}_{max}\), BET surface area, BET volume and mesoporous pore dimension of 281 nm, 10.395 m2/g, 369.30 m3 and 2.88 nm respectively. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was 3333.33 mg/g and the adsorption process showed strong dependence on the period of contact, temperature, pH, initial concentration of the dye and ionic strength. The adsorption of the dye best fitted pseudo second order kinetic with boundary layer diffusion being the rate-limiting step. Perfect fitness was also observed for the Langmuir adsorption isotherm while two and three-parameters isotherms such as Redlich Peterson and Sipps were also useful in describing the adsorption behaviour of the dye. Based on the evaluated free energy of adsorption and adsorption energies, the mechanism of physical adsorption was proposed. Theoretical parameters derived from quantum chemical calculations indicated strong agreement with experimental values. The adsorbent can be re-used after washing and recalcination.
Prospects of food taxes for planetary health: a systematic review of modeling studies
Authors: Mészáros Ágota , Dósa Norbert , Péterfi Anna , Horváth Krisztián , Szarvas Zsófia , Balogh Jeremiás Máté , Vokó Zoltán 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

BackgroundFiscal policies on food can effectively fight the growing burden of non-communicable diseases and climate change. These policies should be modeled in advance to see the implications for the environment and health. The aim of this study was to analyze these modeling methodologies.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review, searching Scopus and Pubmed for studies that modeled fiscal policies on the food groups targeted by the EAT-Lancet Commission and examined their health or environmental outcomes. We then double-screened the records, and extracted data on modeling methods from the 55 included studies. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (2022 CRD42022291945).ResultsThe most frequently modeled interventions were fruit and vegetable subsidies and carbon taxes on food. One study also included a consumer education campaign to enhance the effect of fiscal policy. The outcomes are highly sensitive to consumption change and price elasticities. The stability of the amount of diet consumed was modeled 6 times with calorie stability, and twice with dietary weight stability. The outcomes were also sensitive to diseases and the system boundaries of environmental impacts. None of the studies modeled the health effects of environmental outcomes.ConclusionsWe did not find a model that covered all the relevant aspects of the issue. Some parts were missing from all the included models. It is advisable to model the stability of the amount of diet consumed, either by keeping the weight of the diet stable or by taking a more conservative approach and keeping the consumed calories stable. A fiscal policy is more equitable if a tax and a subsidy are combined to be less regressive. Additionally, an informational campaign as a complement could improve effectiveness. The included diseases and environmental boundaries are preferable to be broad to have more valid outcomes on this complex issue. A more comprehensive understanding of fiscal policies would allow us to better anticipate the impact of our actions and inactions and thus could lead to more sophisticated measures taken by policymakers.
An Exploration of General Practitioners’ and General Practice Nurses’ Opinions on Physical Activity Promotion amongst Patients
Authors: Kelliher Sean , Dowling Maura , Foley Sean Gerard , gupta ananya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chronic disease rates are increasing globally, this is partially attributable to the global epidemic of physical inactivity. Physical activity promotion in primary care is regarded as the best approach for combating chronic disease. This study investigated the common beliefs and opinions among general practitioners and nurses on promoting physical activity to patients in Ireland. This research took a mixed-methods approach consisting of an online questionnaire (n=79) and semi-structured interviews (n=8). Lack of time, expertise, cohesiveness, referral pathways, and exercise professionals were the main barriers to physical activity promotion experienced. A small minority (7.6%) of participants were trained in exercise prescription, and 40.5% had knowledge of a local exercise professional. Furthermore, the research indicated that 70.2% of GPs and 86.4% of GP nurses did not provide an exercise referral. Physical activity promotion in primary care needs a cohesive approach. Involving an exercise professional is crucial to help facilitate to aid physical activity promotion.
Kaempferol induces DNA damage, cell apoptosis and cell cycle arresting by promoting DNA-PKcs ubiquitination degradation in Bel-7402/5-Fu cells
Authors: Liang Damin , Cheng Xiaoju , Zhang Ziping , Yang Zhengjiu , Li Tingchao , Tian Peng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Drug resistance is the main cause of chemotherapy failure in hepatocellular carcinoma. Kaempferol (KAE) is a natural flavonoid compound, which has a certain chemo-sensitivity enhancement effect. However, the potential molecular mechanism of KAE reversing drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma remains unclear.
Methods: RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the interference effect of siDNA-PKcs. RT-qPCR and WB assays were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of DNA damage repair related genes (γ-H2AX, DNA-PKcs, Artemis) and drug delivery pump gene (P-gp). Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis.
Results: In this study, we found that KAE significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of γ-H2AX, and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of DNA-PKcs and Artemis, on the other hand, it also down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of P-gp, and ultimately jointly promoted the DNA damage, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle arresting in the G2/M phase of drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-Fu cells. Mechanically, KAE mainly promoted the degradation of DNA-PKcs through ubiquitin proteasome pathway, down-regulated the protein level of DNA-PKcs, inhibited the DNA-PKcs/Artemis pathway, promoted DNA damage, induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arresting.
Conclusions: KAE may be used as a sensitizer for clinical treatment of chemotherapy resistance of HCC, and inhibition of DNA-PKcs may also become a new strategy and target for the treatment of HCC.
Dose-volume parameters of MRI-defined active bone marrow spared predict hematologic toxicity in pelvic malignancies patients undergoing radiotherapy: a cohort study
Authors: Gao Ting , Wei Liqun , Jiang Li , Ma Shanshan , Zhang Wei , Zhang Yong , Wu Fang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the superiority of dose-volume parameters relying on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-defined active bone marrow (ABM) over those based on total bone marrow (TBM)contoured via CT in the prediction of hematologic toxicity (HT) occurrence among patients with pelvic malignancies undergoing radiotherapy.
Methods and materials The clinical data of 116 patients with pelvic malignancies treated with pelvic radiotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. The statistical significance between TBM and ABM dose-volume measures was assessed through the utilization of either Student's t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test. Furthermore, logistic and linear regression models were employed to analyze the correlation between dose-volume parameters and HT occurrence in pelvic ABM and TBM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare predictors of grade 2 or higher HT (HT2+).
Results There were significant differences in dosimetric parameters between ABM and TBM. Logistic regression analysis showed that ABM V5, ABM V10, ABM V15, ABM V20, and TBM V5 were significantly associated with the occurrence of HT2+ in pelvic malignancies. Linear regression analysis showed that ABM V5, ABM V10, and ABM V15 were significantly associated with white blood cell (WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and hemoglobin (Hb) nadir. ABM V5, ABM V10, ABM V15 and ABM V30 were predictive of HT2+.
Conclusion More accurate prediction of HT in patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy can be achieved by relying on dose-volume parameters of MRI-based ABM. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm this.
Herbal medicine (Curcuma longa) inspired volatile compounds as potential inhalants against SARS-CoV-2: An in-silico strategy and modeling study
Authors: Jayashankar J. , Punith M. S. , Nanjundaswamy S. , Karthik C. S. , Mallu P. , Ramalingam R. Jothi , Karnan Muthusamy , Arjun Kowsalya , Dinakarkumar Yuvaraj 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
From the metabolite ecology (KNapSAcK) and herbs medicinal plants, phytochemistry, and therapeutics (IMPPAT) databases, the phytoconstituents from the herbal natural inhalant (turmeric) were taken. More samples of the phytoconstituents that adhere to drug likeness limits were obtained for in-silico research. To identify SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors, the Drug Likeness and ADMET experiments were used to screen volatile molecules from natural medicinal inhalants. The seven chemicals that make up turmeric all adhere to the ADMET restrictions and interact well with the Covid-19 proteins. Two active molecules are predicted by molecular docking studies to have strong binding affinity with the Sars-CoV-2 proteins (6LU7 and 6M0J). Based on this study 2 phytochemicals from turmeric, they have good binding affinity. DFT computing is applied to elucidate the molecular characteristics, and the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) is generated to analyses the distribution of charges. These substances could be further subjected to in-vitro studies to evaluate their efficacy against Covid-19.