bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the close contacts in a small rural area in the Veneto Region (NE-Italy): past evidence for future scenarios
Authors: Bassanello Marco , Geppini Ruggero , Bonsembiante Erminio , Coli Ugo , Farencena Aldo , D’Aquino Maurizio , Gambaro Andrea , Buja Alessandra , Baldovin Tatjana 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundDuring the first pandemic phase of COVID-19, an epidemiological study, named First survey, was conducted on the population of a small rural area in northern Italy. In spring 2020, the results showed how a prolonged lockdown slowed down the spread of the virus.MethodsAfter contacting positive First Survey subjects and their families, those who decided to join voluntarily underwent a blood test to assess the presence of qualitative lgG about 2 months after the previous one. This was to determine if IgG persisted in individuals who tested positive in the First Survey as well as to assess the antibody status of their close family members, to determine if they were unintentionally infected.ResultsBased on serological analysis, 35.1% of the samples contained blood IgG. In subjects who tested positive during the First Survey, 62.5% remained IgG positive more than 2 months later. Among family members who were exposed to a positive relative, 23.7% were infected. Linear regression analysis showed that the presence of an infected person within a household resulted in the infection spreading to the others, but not excessively. Induced isolation extinguished the infection regardless of the extent of the contagion (intra-family or extra-family). Micro-outbreaks of SARS-Cov-2 infection which arose in the same household from extra-familial infections played a decisive role on the statistical significance of IgG-positive subjects (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionThe study reveal 52.6% of the IgG-positive subjects in the Second Survey came from the First Survey and 47.4% were family members previously in contact with positive subjects. Data suggest that there have been undiagnosed patients feeding the spread of the virus since the beginning of the pandemic. In conclusion, for future pandemics, it will be necessary: i) to ensure the rapid isolation of symptomatic patients and the early identification of their close contacts, ii) to carry out the maximum number of tests in the shortest possible time, both on symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects, and iii) to implement information campaigns to make people aware of their risks, and implement clear, non-conflicting communication.
Short-term effects of high-resolution (1-km) ambient PM2.5 and PM10 on hospital admission for pulmonary tuberculosis: a case-crossover study in Hainan, China
Authors: Zhu Pan-Pan , Gao Yi , Zhou Gui-Zhong , Liu Rui , Li Xiao-Bo , Fu Xian-Xian , Fu Jian , Lin Feng , Zhou Yuan-Ping , Li Li 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionThere is limited evidence regarding particulate matter (PM)’s short-term effects on pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) hospital admission. Our study aimed to determine the short-term associations of the exposure to ambient PM with aerodynamic diameters &lt;2.5 μm (PM2.5) and &lt; 10 μm (PM10) with hospital admission for PTB in Hainan, a tropical province in China.MethodsWe collected individual data on patients hospitalized with PTB, PM2.5, PM10, and meteorological data from 2016 to 2019 in Hainan Province, China. Conditional logistic regression models with a time-stratified case-crossover design were used to assess the short-term effects of PM2.5 and PM10 on hospital admission for PTB at a spatial resolution of 1 km  ×  1 km. Stratified analyses were performed according to age at admission, sex, marital status, administrative division, and season of admission.ResultsEach interquartile range (IQR) increases in the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with 1.155 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.041–1.282) and 1.142 (95% CI: 1.033–1.263) hospital admission risks for PTB at lag 0–8 days, respectively. The stratified analyses showed that the effects of PM2.5 and PM10 were statistically significant for patients aged ≥65 years, males, married, and those residing in prefecture-level cities. Regarding seasonal differences, the associations between PM and hospital admission for PTB were statistically significant in the warm season but not in the cold season. The effect of PM2.5 was consistently stronger than that of PM10 in most subgroups.ConclusionShort-term exposure to PM increases the risk of hospital admission for PTB. The potential impact of PM with smaller aerodynamic diameter is more detrimental. Our findings highlight the importance of reducing ambient PM level to alleviate the burden of PTB.
Evaluating the association of COVID-19 restrictions on discharge planning and post-discharge outcomes in the community hospital and Singapore regional health system
Authors: Chia Shermain , Xia Jiawen , Kwan Yu Heng , Lim Zhui Ying , Tan Chuen Seng , Low Sher Guan , Xu Bangyu , Loo Yu Xian , Kong Lai Yee , Koh Chee Wai , Towle Rachel Marie , Lim Su Fee , Yoon Sungwon , Seah Sharna Si Ying , Low Lian Leng 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 is a global health issue with widespread impact around the world, and many countries initiated lockdowns as part of their preventive measures. We aim to quantify the duration of delay in discharge to community from Community Hospitals, as well as quantify adverse patient outcomes post discharge pre and during lockdown period.Design and methodsWe conducted a before-after study comparing the length of stay in Community Hospitals, unscheduled readmissions or Emergency Department attendance, patients' quality of life using EQ5D-5l, number and severity of falls, in patients admitted and discharged before and during lockdown period.ResultsThe average length of stay in the lockdown group (27.77 days) were significantly longer than that of the pre-lockdown group (23.76 days), p = 0.003. There were similar proportions of patients with self-reported falls post discharge between both groups. Patients in the pre-lockdown group had slightly better EQ-5D-5l Index score at 0.55, compared to the lockdown study group at 0.49. Half of the patients in both groups were referred to Community Care Services on discharge.ConclusionOur study would help in developing a future systematic preparedness guideline and contingency plans in times of disease outbreak and other similar public health emergencies.
The treatment of tuberculosis in the upper thoracic spine using the small incision technique through the third rib
Authors: Ma Jibin , Zhang Zepei , Lan Jie , Tian Jiwei , Chen Fulin , Miao Jun 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe complex anatomical structure of the upper thoracic spine makes it challenging to achieve surgical exposure, resulting in significant surgical risks and difficulties. Posterior surgery alone fails to adequately address and reconstruct upper thoracic lesions due to limited exposure. While the anterior approach offers advantages in fully exposing the anterior thoracic lesions, the surgical procedure itself is highly intricate. Although there exist various anterior approaches for the upper thoracic spine, the incidence of upper thoracic spine lesions is relatively low. Consequently, there are limited reports on the treatment and reconstruction of upper thoracic spine lesions using the third rib small incision approach in the context of upper thoracic tuberculosis.MethodsWe collected data from four patients with upper thoracic tuberculosis who were admitted to our department between July 2017 and November 2022. The treatment for upper thoracic tuberculosis involved utilizing the third rib small incision approach, which included two cases of thoracic 3–4 vertebral tuberculosis, one case of thoracic 4 vertebral tuberculosis, and one case of thoracic 5 vertebral tuberculosis. Among the patients, three were positioned in the left lateral position, while one was positioned in the right lateral position. Prior to admission, all four patients received a two-week course of oral medication, consisting of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. After the surgical procedure, they continued receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment for a duration of 12 months.ResultsThe average duration of the surgical procedure was 150 min, with an average blood loss of 500 ml. One patient exhibited symptoms of brachial plexus injury, which gradually improved after careful observation. All patients experienced primary wound healing, and no complications such as pulmonary infection, respiratory failure, or other adverse events were observed. Additionally, one patient showed elevated transaminase levels, leading to a modification in the anti-tuberculosis drug regimen from quadruple therapy to triple therapy.ConclusionThe treatment of upper thoracic tuberculosis through the third rib small incision technique is a very good surgical approach, which has the advantages of safety and effectiveness.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agents in Artemisia Endophytic Fungi and Their Abundance in Artemisia vulgaris Tissue
Authors: Maehara Shoji , Nakajima Shogo , Watashi Koichi , Agusta Andria , Kikuchi Misato , Hata Toshiyuki , Takayama Kento 
Published: September 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therapeutic agents for the disease are being developed. Endophytes are diverse and produce various secondary metabolites and bioactive substances. We isolated 13 endophytes from the leaves and stems of Artemisia vulgaris. Antiviral testing using the culture extracts of these endophytic fungi revealed that five isolates effectively inhibited the replication of SARS-CoV-2. These extracts were used to study the inhibitory effect of SARS-CoV-2 on 3C-like protease, and two isolates proved useful. Both isolates were from the genus Colletotrichum; therefore, the percentage of Artemisia endophytic fungi in the plant tissue was observed to be an important factor in plant site selection. Thus, we conducted a macroanalysis using next-generation sequencing to analyze the percentage of endophytes in the stems (whole, skin, and inner), leaves, roots, and cultivating soil, as well as to determine the location of each genus. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report that Colletotrichum spp. are abundant in stems and that stem-based methods are the most efficient for isolating endophytes targeting Colletotrichum spp.
Diatom Assemblages from the Daginsky Mud Volcano Sediments (Eastern Sakhalin) and Their Implication
Authors: Tsoy Ira B. , Sorochinskaya Anna V. 
Published: September 2023

Diatom assemblages in mud volcanoes are quite rare and are poorly studied. The finding of a rich diatom flora in the sediments of the Daginsky Mud Volcano (DMV), located in the tidal zone of the Nyisky Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk, is of interest to study the conditions for the formation of host sediments in the zone of influence of various extreme factors, such as outflows of gases and water–mud mass, thermal springs, and tides. For this purpose, the taxonomical composition of diatom assemblages and concentration of diatoms in DMV sediments were studied. A comparison was made with the diatoms of geothermal springs of the Russian Far East associated with volcanic activity, and the stratigraphic occurrence of the found extinct diatoms was analyzed, which is important for determining their source and the age of the mud volcano roots. Diatom assemblages from DMV sediments are mainly characterized by the predominance of Metascolioneis tumida, Paralia sulcata, Odontella aurita, Pinnunavis yarrensis, Petroneis marina, Cocconeis scutellum, and Navicula digitoradiata. They consist of diatoms of different biotopes and extinct species. The diversity and abundance of brackish water and marine species indicates the predominant influence of sea waters on the formation of DMV sediments. The diverse freshwater species were mainly introduced into sediments with river runoff, but it is likely that some of these, such as the cosmopolitan alkaliphilic species, are inhabitants of geothermal springs. The presence of extinct species from the underlying Neogene sediments from where they were carried with gas–water–mud masses is the most typical for diatom assemblages of the DMV.
Feasibility of home administration of nebulised interferon ß-1a (SNG001) for COVID-19: a remote study
Authors: Francis Nick A , Monk Phillip D , Nuttall Jacqueline , Oliver Thomas , Simpson Catherine , Brookes Jody L , Tear Victoria J , Thompson Angela G , Batten Toby N , Mankowski Marcin , Wilkinson Thomas MA 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundEffective therapeutics given early to high-risk ambulatory patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could improve outcomes and reduce overall healthcare burden. However, conducting site visits in non-hospitalised patients, who should remain isolated, is problematic.AimTo evaluate the feasibility of a purely remote (virtual) study in non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19; and the efficacy and safety of nebulised recombinant interferon-β1a (SNG001) in this setting.Design & settingRandomised, double-blind, parallel-group study, which was conducted remotely.MethodEligible patients aged ≥65 years (or ≥50 years with risk factors) with COVID-19 and not requiring hospital admission were recruited remotely. They were randomised to SNG001 or placebo once-daily via nebuliser for 14 days. The main outcomes were assessments of feasibility and safety, which were all conducted remotely.ResultsOf 114 patients treated, 111 (97.4%) completed 28 days of follow-up. Overall compliance to study medication was high, with ≥13 doses taken by 89.7% and 92.9% of treated patients in the placebo and SNG001 groups, respectively. Over the course of the study, only two patients were hospitalised, both in the placebo group; otherwise there were no notable differences between treatments for the efficacy parameters. No patients withdrew owing to an adverse event, and a similar proportion of patients experienced on-treatment adverse events in the two treatment groups (64.3% and 67.2% with SNG001 and placebo, respectively); most were mild or moderate and not treatment-related.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that it is feasible to conduct a purely virtual study in community-based patients with COVID-19, when the study included detailed daily assessments and with medication administered via nebuliser.
Women’s information needs about menopause: a cross-sectional survey in Norwegian general practice
Authors: Natvik Marianne , Gjelsvik Bjorn , Vangen Siri , Skjeie Holgeir , Brekke Mette 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundResearch has indicated that providing women with information about menopause can improve their attitudes towards it and symptom experience. Nevertheless, information shared on the menopause is often arbitrary.AimTo examine women’s information needs about menopause, and understand if, when, and from whom they want information.Design & settingA cross-sectional study was undertaken. A questionnaire survey was distributed to women in the waiting room of 54 general practice clinics in South-Eastern Norway in autumn 2022.MethodMedical students recruited women in the clinic waiting rooms. A 1-page study-specific questionnaire was used, focusing on need for information about menopause. A multinominal logistic regression model was used to analyse the association between the desire for information and education level, country of birth, and menopausal status.ResultsA total of 625 women were included, with a mean age of 44.4 years (standard deviation [SD] 8.7). In all, 59% answered that they wanted information about menopause, and 81% of these wanted their GP to inform them, from a median age of 45 years. According to the women, only 10% of GPs had initiated a discussion on the menopause. Higher education was a predictor for wanting information. A main driver of information needs was to help oneself in the present and in the future. In all, 33% did not want information. The main reasons were that they already possessed sufficient information, would take menopause as it comes, were too young, or were already postmenopausal. The sex of the GP did not influence the results.ConclusionMost women wanted information about menopause from their GP. The study emphasises the need for GPs to consider prioritising this discussion, and to keep up to date on recommendations and treatment options.
THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN FAMILY RESILIENCE IN JEPARA DISTRICT
Authors: Nugroho Vannesa Almayra , Niswah Nihlatun 
Published: September 2023

The rise of divorce cases in Jepara Regency shows that the awareness of each family member is still weak about their role. This cannot be separated from the important role of women. Women have a complex role in family resilience. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of women in family resilience, in Jepara Regency. This was type of field research by applying the case study method which is analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. This research was conducted in the Jepara area. Data collection techniques in this study are by observing, interviewing, and document analysis. The results of the study show that women have complex role for family resilience including women acting as family managers, women as family psychologists, women as family nurses, women as family role models, women as family fashion designers, women as family interior designers, women as educators and shapers of family character, women as family event organizers, women as family finance ministers, women as pioneers of clean and healthy living in the family, and women as family superheroes. Keywords: divorce, family resilience, the role of women
Correlação entre sobrepeso e alterações glicêmicas em adolescentes na cidade de Assis, estado de São Paulo
Authors: Fracasso Julia Amanda Rodrigues , Santiago Natalia Cristhie , Da Costa Luísa Taynara Silvério , De Ferreira Fernando Yutaka , Dos Santos Lucinéia , Bittencourt Renata Aparecida de Camargo 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo- Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o perfil antropométrico e glicêmico em adolescentes de instituição privada da cidade de Assis-SP. Correlacionar os níveis de glicêmicos com idade e sexo, e a qualidade de vida do adolescente. Métodos - Foram ao todo avaliados 37 adolescentes, de uma escola privada do município de Assis. Para a detecção de sobrepeso foi calculado o IMC e adotados os critérios de classificação de pontos de corte propostos pela OMS, segundo Guedes e Guedes (1998). Foi realizado um teste de glicemia. Para avaliar a qualidade de vida dos adolescentes estes responderam um questionário sobre alimentação e atividade física. Resultado - A prevalência total de sobrepeso foi de 21,62%. A razão cintura-quadril, que é um importante indicador de risco coronariano, apontou para um total de 21% dos adolescentes com disposição central de adiposidade alterado. A maioria dos adolescentes apresentou uma alimentação inadequada, como o fato de aproximadamente 14 % dos entrevistados responderem excluir verduras e legumes da sua alimentação. No quesito atividade física 13,89% respondeu que não praticava nenhum esporte. Conclusão - Os resultados apontam como em outros estudos realizados em algumas cidades brasileiras, que o sobrepeso já atinge uma porcentagem significativa de crianças e adolescentes, situação extremamente preocupante, uma vez que o excesso de peso é um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 entre outras doenças.
O impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 na mortalidade por doenças crônicas no município de Maceió-AL
Authors: Marques Thaís Raposo , Sampaio João Lucca Rebelo , Cavalcanti Matheus de Almeida Muritiba Portella , Novais Thallys Henrique de Oliveira , Carnauba Aline Tenório Lins 
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Considerando que os anos de 2020 e 2021 foram desafiadores para a gestão de saúde pública devido ao grande número de atendimentos relacionados a COVID-19, a qual dificultou o acesso aos serviços de saúde pelas demais demandas, provocando o aumento na mortalidade de demandas não-COVID, sendo assim torna-se necessário a realização de estudos epidemiológicos. Objetivo: Descrever e avaliar se existe influência da pandemia nos índices de mortalidade por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no município de Maceió-AL, assim como compará-los com o panorama nacional. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, com abordagem quantitativo, realizado por meio de dados secundários provenientes do departamento de informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DataSUS). Resultados: Os dados demonstram um aumento no número de óbitos por neoplasias, além de alteração significativa na curva descendente de mortalidade por doenças endócrinas, metabólicas e nutricionais nos anos de 2020 e 2021, quando comparados aos quatro anos pré-pandemia. Identificou-se ainda uma queda significativa nas internações por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, contrastando com o aumento exponencial de internações por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias, incluindo a COVID-19. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o contexto vivido no Brasil durante a pandemia influenciou diretamente no curso das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, a partir da restrição de hábitos essenciais e do enfoque do sistema de saúde e da própria população na COVID-19.
Análise do capítulo de combinatória de um livro didático à luz da teoria dos registros de representação semiótica
Authors: Paes Matheus Antônio Mendes , Gualandi Jorge Henrique 
Published: September 2023

Os registros de representação semiótica (RRS) possuem grande relevância para a compreensão do desenvolvimento cognitivo dos sujeitos envolvidos nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem. Sendo assim, levanta-se o seguinte questionamento, quais são os tipos de RRS que um livro didático (LD) do Ensino Médio, apresentam no capítulo intitulado Combinatória? Para responder a esta questão, buscou-se identificar os tipos de RRS e como ocorrem a articulação ou coordenação entre eles no decorrer do capítulo analisado. Esta pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa do tipo documental e a análise dos dados fundamentou-se à luz da Teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica (TRRS) desenvolvida por Raymond Duval. Ao final desta análise, constatou-se que o capítulo de combinatória articula diversos tipos de RRS e que estes proporcionam a articulação, bem como a conversão entre os registros e evidencia-se as representações na forma da língua natural, icônica, algébrica e simbólica.
Leishmaniose, produtos naturais, bioeconomia e desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Gomes Nelson Bretas de Noronha , Iabrudi Regina Celia , Rebelo Rayssa de Macêdo , Gaspar Sandra Ávila , Varricchio Marcia Cristina Braga Nunes , Brioso Paulo Sérgio Torres , Da Silva Simone , Pyrrho Alexandre dos Santos 
Published: September 2023

O presente estudo de revisão visa contribuir, através da análise de estudo de revisão bibliográfica, quanto às publicações sobre o potencial de produtos naturais com diversificadas ações inibidoras sobre doenças de importância na Saúde Ambiental. Também visa chamar atenção quanto à possibilidade de novas metodologias de cultivos vegetais, tanto em propagação quanto em micropropagação para ensaios em todo ciclo ambiental da Leishmaniose, devido ao seu potencial biotecnológico e em bioecnomia. Aponta-se assim para um modelo de articulação multidisciplinar, interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar cuja repercussão é somatória enquanto mais uma opção em pesquisa, em ensino e em bioética, promovendo equidade, autonomia e incremento de ações ambientais em Saúde Pública, rumo ao amadurecimento das ações sob a ótica do desenvolvimento sustentável.