bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of mountain fire prevention monitoring system for transmission lines based on machine vision algorithms
Authors: Dong Shunhu , Ding Yuanjie , Ma Lishan , He Wei , Lei Xiaoping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the continuous development of society, power grid has become a major guarantee for social and economic development, and its coverage is also expanding. The power grid not only covers some developed areas, but also extends to remote mountainous areas with complex changes in geological and climatic conditions. However, at the same time, line failures and power outages caused by mountain fires are becoming increasingly frequent, which poses a significant threat to the safety and stable operation of the power system. Therefore, how to solve the problem of mountain fire on transmission lines has become an important topic today. The main purpose of this study is to achieve effective monitoring of transmission line mountain fires and provide more assurance for the stable operation of the power system. This article discussed the transmission line and traditional mountain fire prevention monitoring system, and combined the current hot machine vision algorithm to design the overall mountain fire prevention monitoring system, focusing on analyzing the differences between this system and traditional systems. Through experiments, it was found that the monitoring accuracy of the mountain fire prevention monitoring system designed in this article has been improved by 10.6 % compared to the traditional system at location 4, 7.6 % at location 6, and 7.9 % at location 7. At the same time, the real-time performance and anti-interference performance of this system were also better than traditional systems, and the overall performance of the system was better. Practice has proved that the system can effectively overcome the interference of external environment, and monitor and identify the fire situation in real time and accurately, ensuring the safety of transmission lines. At the same time, the research on machine vision algorithms in this paper can also help promote the more perfect development of power systems. Practice has proved that this system can effectively overcome the interference of the external environment, and continuously and accurately detect and identify the fire situation.
Lack of regular physical activity and adequate sleep are risk factors for musculoskeletal pain in medical college students - a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zheng Lianshuai , Rong Xueyuan , Meng Yao , Jiao Lina , Cui Jizheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
During January-May 2020, novel coronavirus outbreak occurred in East China, and many medical college students, implemented a home protection policy, resulting in significant changes in their physical activity and lifestyle habits. This work aims to analyze the effects of usual physical activity habits, changes in physical activity and lifestyle habits during home protection on the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain from multiple perspectives, and to provide new clues for the search of risk factors for musculoskeletal pain and alternative solutions for the prevention.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using questionnaires from 900 randomly selected medical students who had taken home protection between January and May 2020 from four medical universities in East China. Participants completed surveys on socio-demographic characteristics, days of home protection, physical activity in daily life, changes in physical activity during home protection, and daily routine, and reported the location of musculoskeletal pain during home protection. Pain was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, and considered to be present if the VAS score > 0. The questionnaire data were double-checked and entered into Epi Data 3.0 to create a database, and SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. The correlation between measures and musculoskeletal pain was determined using the Mann-Whitney U test, and the correlation between categorical variables and musculoskeletal pain was determined using the chi-square test, and multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to remove confounding factors and screen for risk factors. The test level was set at α = 0.05.
Results
The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain during home protection was 40.2% (n = 345; 95% CI 36.9%-43.4%). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis revealed that the females (OR 1.391; 95% CI 1.006–1.922), irregular physical activity in daily life (OR 1.648; 95% CI 1.157–2.347), and less than 6 hours of sleep per day during home protection (OR 1.474; 95% CI 1.020–2.131) were found to be risk factors for musculoskeletal pain.
Conclusions
Female medical students should pay more attention to the prevention of musculoskeletal pain; regular physical activity in daily life and sufficient sleep time may prevent the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain.
Impact of UV-C irradiation on storage pests with different ecological functions and the viability of the treated grains
Authors: Keszthelyi Sándor , Gibicsár Szilvia , Somfalvi-Tóth Katalin , Pál-Fám Ferenc 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study was carried out on the effects of different exposures of UV-C irradiation (253.2 nm) (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mins) on the mortality of stored product pests: Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) as a primary pest, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Col.: Tenebrionidae) and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Col.: Laemophloeidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Ganglbauer) (Col.: Silvanidae) as secondary pests. Besides, the viability of treated maize and wheat seed items influenced by UV-C irradiation was analysed by tetrazolium test. Our results confirmed the treatment that leads to total mortality is inversely proportional to the exposure to UV-C radiation. The time of total mortality during the post-treatment period as a function of radiation exposure can be characterised by a power-like trend line for each examined insect species. Our results confirmed the insecticidal efficacy and the sensitivity of pest species with different ecological functions to UV-C irradiation. The primary species in the crop treated by shorter exposure (10 mins of UV-C at a distance of 22 cm) may prevent the introduction of secondary stored product pests enter later. The tetrazolium test showed that the wheat seeds were more sensitive to this physical stress than maize seeds in a similar condition. Values of the recorded viabilities fluctuated highly. The effects of UV radiation on treated wheat and maize seeds are somewhat controversial. However, this pest elimination technique is primarily recommended in environments exempt from viable stored seeds because the intactness of treated seeds cannot be demonstrated.
Trichopria anastrephae as a biological control agent of Drosophila suzukii in strawberries
Authors: Kruger Alexandra Peter , Garcez Amanda M. , Scheunemann Tiago , Nava Dori E. , Garcia Flávio Roberto Mello 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In South America, the resident pupal parasitoid Trichopria anastrephae Costa Lima (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) is a potential biological control agent of the pest Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae). In the present study we 1) examined the behavior of T. anastrephae towards different host (D. suzukii) and host-substrate (strawberry) cues in choice and non-choice bioassays in laboratory, and 2) examined the density-dependent parasitism of T. anastrephae in D. suzukii-infested strawberries in a greenhouse. We tested infested and non-infested strawberries for the behavioral assays in a four-chamber olfactometer. For the greenhouse bioassay, we set five walk-in cages with strawberry plants in a greenhouse, released D. suzukii adults, and then released different numbers of parasitoids (0, 60, 120, 240, and 360) in each cage. In non-choice bioassays, female parasitoids showed a preference towards D. suzukii-infested strawberries containing larvae, pupae or inoculated pupae, or healthy overripe fruits. When given a choice, female parasitoids walked longer over chambers with fruits infested with eggs, larvae, or pupae of D. suzukii, when compared to healthy uninfested strawberries, and over overripe fruits when compared to unripe or ripe fruits. In the greenhouse assay, we observed an increase in parasitism and a decrease in the number of D. suzukii emerging per fruit with an increase in the number of parasitoids released. Our results allow a better understanding of the behavior and parasitism of T. anastrephae in D. suzukii-infested strawberries and provide useful data for potential biological control programs using this parasitoid.
Sleep duration, sleep problems and developmental trajectories of urinary incontinence: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Joinson Carol , Grzeda Mariusz T. , Heron Jon , Gontard Alexander 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
To examine if sleep duration and sleep problems are associated with urinary incontinence (UI) in children.
Methods
We used multinomial logistic regression to examine the association of child sleep duration/problems at 3½ years with developmental trajectories of bedwetting and daytime wetting from 4–9 years in 8,751 (4,507 boys and 4,244 girls) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We adjusted for sex, socioeconomic indicators, mothers’ emotional/practical/financial support, developmental delay, stressful life events, temperament, and emotional/behaviour problems.
Results
Preschool children who slept more than 8½ hours per night had a decreased probability of UI at school-age. There was a 33% reduction in odds of daytime wetting per additional hour of sleep (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52–0.86). Sleep problems were associated with increased odds of daytime wetting (e.g., getting up after being put to bed: OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.43–3.39), delayed bladder control (e.g., breathing problems whilst sleeping: OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.12–2.52), and persistent (day and night) wetting (e.g., night-time waking: OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.16-2.00). Waking during the night and waking up early in the morning were associated with reduced odds of bedwetting at school-age (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.61–0.96 and OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.64–0.99 respectively).
Conclusions
Preschool children who sleep for longer have a lower likelihood of UI at school-age, whilst those with sleep problems are more likely to experience daytime wetting and combined (day and night) wetting, but not bedwetting alone. Short sleep duration and sleep problems in early childhood could be indicators of future problems attaining and maintaining bladder control.
Site Response Analysis by Generating a New 3-d Mesh Design With Surface Topography: a 3-d Site Response Analysis of Northwest Turkey
Authors: Doğan Ayhan , Dikmen Ünal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Predicting soil behavior under dynamic load due to earthquakes is pivotal for engineering structures and human life. Due to various limitations, such as insufficient computers and difficulties in generating models, the third dimension effect is generally neglected in many studies. Conversely, the third-dimension effect in regions with high topographic differences, deep basins, 3-D heterogeneous and anisotropic environments, and alluvium is at a level that cannot be neglected. This study created a three-dimensional model of the northwest of Turkey for the first time by including surface topography. Soil properties were added to this model, and dynamic analysis was performed. The accuracy of this model was analyzed using real earthquake data recorded in the study area. In addition, a new software (SiteEffect3D) with various features has been developed to create a 3-D mesh with topography using digital elevation model data and to perform dynamic analysis more effectively. This software has been tested comparatively with Plaxis 3D software using synthetic terrain models. The importance of this study is that in addition to its contributions to site response analysis and seismic hazard assessment, new software has been developed that can be used in similar studies. This new model aims to increase the accuracy of ground motion predictions in Northwest Turkey. The findings will provide valuable information for seismic design and construction practices and facilitate the development of more effective strategies to reduce the potential damage from earthquakes in the region.
Evaluation of Lipid Transfer Protein (Ltp) 1 Gene in Sesame and Other Plants Using Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Edu Ndem E. , Ugorji Udensi O. , Agada Francis Ndagerang , Ubi Godwin M. , Agbor Reagan B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study was aimed at using bioinformatics tools to characterize the Lipid Transfer Protein 1 gene in some selected accessions with special reference to Benny seed (Sesamum indicum) Lipid Transfer Protein 1 sequence as a query sequence. Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 30 accessions were retrieved from NCBI database and analyzed for homology, physicochemical properties, motifs, GC content as well as phylogenetic relationships. Results showed that nucleotide and amino acid sequence lengths of this gene among the selected accessions differs. Its nucleotide length varied between 599–8461bp, while the amino acids sequence varied between 96–355 residues, Molecular weight range from 10008.77–35532.61daltons. With Sesamum indicum having the lowest molecular weight and Physcomitrium patens having the highest molecular weight. Result on the Theoretical PI was above 4.61 for all the amino acid sequences of Lipid Transfer Protein 1 gene in the selected accessions. It was observed that the total number of negatively charged residues ranged from 1–20. The instability index and aliphatic index ranged from 20.23–69.39, 73.48–102.24 respectively. Some of the proteins are stable, while twelve were considered unstable following the results for instability index. Extinction coefficient was highest for Sesamum indicum (14480). Daucus carota subsp. Sativus (-0213) is the only accessions with a negative GRAVY. The motifs N-glycosylation site, Plant lipid transfer proteins signature, N-myristoylation site, Casein kinase II phosphorylation site, Protein kinase C phosphorylation site were the most common across the selected accessions. GC content analysis revealed that it ranged from ranged from 29.73–54.55%. Analysis of the secondary structure of the amino acid sequences of the Lipid Transfer Protein 1 gene showed that the region covered by random coil was the highest in the sequences compared to alpha helix and extended strand. Alpha helix ranges from 33.11–54.31%, the extended strands ranged from 9.17–15.13%, while the random coil ranges from 32.77–51.16% across the accessions. Following the results of the present study, it can be concluded that Lipid Transfer Protein 1 gene sequence of Sesamum indicum is closely related to Lipid Transfer Protein 1 gene in Brachypodium distachyon and distant to that in Glycine max, Vigna unguiculata, Capsicum annum.
Let’s Explain Crisis: Deep multi-scale
Hierarchical Attention framework for
Crisis-task Identification
Authors: Priya Shalini , Joshi Vaishali , Chandra Joydeep 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Emergency services rely heavily on Twitter for early detection of crisis tasks to enhance crisis management systems. However, employing state-of-the-art models often face data sparsity as well as their inadequacy to handle long-range dependencies between tweet tokens. Additionally, the authorities need to gain confidence in the model's prediction so that the detected task information can be better believed and prioritized.
In this study, we present a generalized framework named Explainable Attentive model for Crisis Task identification (ExACT) to handle the above mentioned challenges while identifying crisis task relevant tweets as well as provide the model explainability by utilizing a very small corpus of tweets. The novelty of ExACT is three-fold: (1) Data enrichment has been introduced by non-dynamic contextual attributes derived from tweets to overcome the sparsity. (2) Feature enrichment has been incorporated using hierarchical attention at both local and global levels using residual self-attention and correlation attention to capture long-range dependencies. (3) LIME based model explainability approach added to understand the task important tokens. Experiments reveal that ExACT has a competitive performance improvement over various state-of-the-art models in terms of F-measure (20% and 14% respectively) and accuracy (14% and 16% respectively) across two different crisis tasks infrastructure damage and support signal identification. Consistent performance improvement for two different tasks considered from publicly available crisis event datasets depicts the model's generalizability. While LIME supported explainable mechanism in ExACT can identify the important keywords but does not guarantee a high score in terms of plausibility and faithfulness metrics.
Predictors and components of inpatient asthma hospital cost: a retrospective cohort study. Analysis from a sample of 14 Belgian hospitals
Authors: Seret Jehan , Bruyneel Arnaud , Larcin Lionel , Gooset Fabienne , Azzi Djohra , Martins Dimitri , Bulcke Julie Van Den , Leclercq Pol , Pirson Magali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Addressing the challenges of asthma has involved various approaches, including the examination of costs associated with hospitalization. However, there is a limited number of studies that have investigated the actual expenses incurred by hospital settings in caring for asthma patients. This study aims to describe the costs, predictors, and breakdown of expenditures in different categories.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted, involving 314 hospital stays of patients over 12 years old who were admitted for asthma and classified under APR-DRG 141 (asthma). Univariate and multiple linear regression analyses were performed.
Results
The median cost, regardless of DRG severity, amounted to 2.314€ (1.550€-3.847€). Significant variations were observed when the sample was stratified based on the severity of DRG, revealing a cost gradient that increases with severity. The length of stay followed a similar trend. Six predictors were identified: age, admission to intensive care, asthma severity, severity level of the DRG, winter admission, and length of stay. The cost breakdown showed that 44% constituted direct costs, 25% were indirect costs, 26% were attributed to medical procedures performed outside the patient unit, and 5% were related to medication administration.
Conclusions
This study initiates a discussion on the role of reducing hospital costs in strategies aiming at controlling asthma-related costs. We argue that cost reduction cannot be achieved solely at the hospital level but must be approached from a public health perspective. This includes promoting high-quality outpatient care and addressing factors leading to poor adherence to the care plan.
The state of the colon microbiome in women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Djuryak V.S. , Mikheev A.O. , Sydorchuk L.I. , Pankiv I.V. 
Published: July 2023

Background. Gestational diabetes is a condition that arises due to impaired metabolic processes against the background of insulin resistance and an increase in blood glucose levels during pregnancy. This pathology leads to a significant number of pregnancy and childbirth complications, high child perinatal morbidity and mortality, and its prevalence varies throughout the world. The aim of the work was to determine the taxonomic composition, population level and microecological indicators of the macroorganism-microbiome ecosystem of the symbiotic colon microbiota in women with gestational diabetes. Materials and methods. The microbiological examination of the colon contents was carried out in 26 pregnant women aged 18 to 35 years. The clinical material for microbiolo­gical examination was the fresh colon contents (faeces) taken from medium portions, which were collected in sterile (after autoclaving) vials. Results. According to the results of the work, it was found that during gestational diabetes, the taxonomic composition and microecological parameters of the macroorganism-microbiome ecosystem of the colon microbiota in women are impaired due to the biotope contamination with pathogenic microorganisms (E.coli HLy+) and opportunistic pathogens (E.coli Lac-, P.mirabilis, P.vulgaris, E.cloacae, C.diversus, S.marcescens), enterobacteria, C.albicans, P.niger and bacteria of the genus Clostridium. Alterations in the taxonomic composition and microecological indicators of the colon microbio­me in women with gestational diabetes lead to multidirectional changes depending on the taxon: a decrease in the population level of bacteria, which are the most important in terms of representation in the human colon microbiome, with a multifunctional role in maintaining microecological homeostasis (bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium — by 17.59 %, Lactobacillus — by 38.37 %) and an increase or a stable trend towards an increase in the population level of opportunistic enterobacteria P.mirabilis by 26.67 %; among other enterobacteria, the population reaches high levels (from 6.390 ± 0.009 lg CFU/g to 7.46 ± 0.17 lg CFU/g), the level of Staphylococcus in increased by 35.94 %, C.albicans — by 26.74 %, P.melaninogenicus — by 55.93 %.