bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intellectual property rights to the research results of a Ukrainian scientist working abroad and foreign scientists, working in Ukraine
Authors: Kapitsa Yurii , Makhnovskyi Dmytro , Shakhbazian Karyna 
Published: March 2023

Keywords: protection of intellectual property, researcher, international scientific cooperation,research, work abroad
The practice of universities and scientific organizations in the EU, the USA, the documents ofthe EU Framework Programs for Research and Innovation, WIPO on the regulation ofintellectual property rights on inventions and other objects used or created by a researchertemporarily working in another scientific organization or university, includingabroad is considered. It is noted that, as a rule, institutions apply two approaches: determiningthe specifics of the researcher's stay in the partner institution in the cooperationagreement. And also, in the case of individual grants, scholarships, the definition of theterms of settlement of IP rights in the IP policy of the institution and the contract withthe researcher. In cooperation agreements, it is essential to define the background IPused during research, as well as the conditions for acquiring rights to foreground IP, includingthose created jointly by the parties.In the case of individual grants, scholarships, it is relevant to determine whether duringthe research it is intended to use background IP, the rights to which belong to the researcher'sinstitution. If so, this provides for the need to conclude an agreement betweenthe host institution and the institution of the researcher on the use of the background.Depending on the degree of use of background IP by the institutions of the researcherand the financial contribution or provision of equipment at the host institution, the issueof distribution of IP rights to foreground IP should be envisaged in such an agreement.In the case of the researcher's obligations to preserve confidential information abouthis institution, the host institution must make sure that such confidential information isnot used when conducting research. In the event that such use may be necessary, thehost institution and the researcher institution should enter into a non-disclosure agreement.The article provides recommendations of the Center for Intellectual Property Studiesand Technology Transfer of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine regarding thesettlement of IP protection issues in various options for a researcher, visiting foreign scientificinstitution (university). Academic mobility provided for by Ukrainian legislationcan also be a tool for the settlement of these issues, with the possibility of regulation of IPissues in agreement between partner institutions and contract with the researcher.
The effect of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block combined with dexmedetomidine for postoperative pain management in lumbar spine surgery: A case-based discussion
Authors: Coppolino Francesco , Sansone Pasquale , Porfidia Carmela , Passavanti Maria Beatrice , Pota Vincenzo , Giaccari Luca Gregorio , Aurilio Caterina , Pace Maria Caterina 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundUltrasound-guided erector spinae plane blocks (US-ESPB) can be valid resources of simple and safe execution in a multimodal approach to postoperative pain management in lumbar spine surgery. It has been shown that the use of multimodal anesthesia reduces the use of intraoperative and postoperative opioids, and also improves analgesia. A growing body of evidence supports that the adjuvant use of dexmedetomidine in locoregional anesthesia significantly prolongs the analgesia and potentiates the effect of the block, without clinically significant side effects.Case presentationA series of six consecutive patients received bilateral ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane blocks with local anesthetics and dexmedetomidine as part of a multimodal analgesic therapy after lumbar spine surgery. Treatment adequacy was evaluated using numerical rating scale (NRS) and overall benefit of analgesic score (OBAS); overall the observed results were satisfactory for all patients.ConclusionBilateral US-ESPB appears to be helpful in providing adequate postoperative analgesia after lumbar spine surgery. It is simple and safe, and so it is unique when compared to other blockages. The addition of Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant seems to improve analgesic effectiveness and durability.
PVD growth of spiral pyramid-shaped WS2 on SiO2/Si driven by screw dislocations
Authors: Madoune Yassine , Yang DingBang , Ahmed Yameen , Al-Makeen Mansour M. , Huang Han 
Published: March 2023

Atomically thin layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS2 and WS2, have been getting much attention recently due to their interesting electronic and optoelectronic properties. Especially, spiral TMDs provide a variety of candidates for examining the light-matter interaction resulting from the broken inversion symmetry, as well as the potential new utilization in functional optoelectronic, electromagnetic and nanoelectronics devices. To realize their potential device applications, it is desirable to achieve controlled growth of these layered nanomaterials with a tunable stacking. Here, we demonstrate the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) growth of spiral pyramid-shaped WS2 with ∼200 μm in size and the interesting optical properties via AFM and Raman spectroscopy. By controlling the precursors concentration and changing the initial nucleation rates in PVD growth, WS2 in different nanoarchitectures can be obtained. We discuss the growth mechanism for these spiral-patterned WS2 nanostructures based on the screw dislocations. This study provides a simple, scalable approach of screw dislocation-driven (SDD) growth of distinct TMD nanostructures with varying morphologies, and stacking.
Long-term outcomes of less drug-eluting stents by the use of drug-coated balloons in de novo coronary chronic total occlusion intervention: A multicenter observational study
Authors: Wang Xi , Yang Xinyue , Lu Wenjie , Pan Liang , Han Zhanying , Pan Sancong , Shan Yingguang , Wang Xule , Zheng Xiaolin , Li Ran , Zhu Yongjian , Qin Peng , Shi Qiangwei , Zhou Shuai , Zhang Wencai , Guo Sen , Zhang Peisheng , Qin Xiaofei , Sun Guoju , Qin Zhongsheng , Huang Zhenwen , Qiu Chunguang 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundData on drug-coated balloons (DCB) for de novo coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) are limited. We aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes of substitution of drug-eluting stents (DES) by DCB.MethodsWe compared the outcomes of less DES strategy (DCB alone or combined with DES) and DES-only strategy in treating de novo coronary CTO in this prospective, observational, multicenter study. The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), target vessel revascularization, myocardial infarction, and death during 3-year follow-up. The secondary endpoints were late lumen loss (LLL) and restenosis until 1-year after operation.ResultsOf the 591 eligible patients consecutively enrolled between January 2015 and December 2019, 281 (290 lesions) were treated with DCB (DCB-only or combined with DES) and 310 (319 lesions) with DES only. In the DCB group, 147 (50.7%) lesions were treated using DCB-only, and the bailout stenting rate was relatively low (3.1%). The average stent length per lesion in the DCB group was significantly shorter compared with the DES-only group (21.5 ± 25.5 mm vs. 54.5 ± 26.0 mm, p &lt; 0.001). A total of 112 patients in the DCB group and 71 patients in the DES-only group (38.6% vs. 22.3%, p &lt; 0.001) completed angiographic follow-up until 1-year, and LLL was much less in the DCB group (−0.08 ± 0.65 mm vs. 0.35 ± 0.62 mm, p &lt; 0.001). There were no significant differences in restenosis occurrence between the two groups (20.5% vs. 19.7%, p &gt; 0.999). The Kaplan–Meier estimates of MACE at 3-year (11.8% vs. 12.0%, log-rank p = 0.688) was similar between the groups.ConclusionPercutaneous coronary intervention with DCB is a potential “stent-less” therapy for de novo CTO lesions with satisfactory long-term clinical results compared to the DES-only approach.
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and its relationship to the autonomic nervous system in patients with psychogenic erectile dysfunction
Authors: Xu Jinzhou , Chen Yinwei , Gu Longjie , Liu Xiaming , Yang Jun , Li Mingchao , Rao Ke , Dong Xiyuan , Yang Shulin , Huang Bo , Jin Lei , Wang Tao , Liu Jihong , Wang Shaogang , Bai Jian 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundPsychological stress and its two stress response systems, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS), are closely related to psychogenic erectile dysfunction (pED). However, the analyses of perceived stress and stress systems in pED patients need to be more in-depth, especially the interactions between them.MethodsOur study included 75 patients with pEDs and 75 healthy men. The International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) were used for assessing the severity of ED and perceived stress. All participants collected saliva samples on three consecutive days at eight specific times with strict reference to the time of morning awakening for measuring cortisol parameters and wore electrocardiography for 24 h to derive heart rate variability (HRV).ResultsThe PSS-10 scores of pED patients were significantly higher than the control group (p&lt;0.001). Although PSS-10 and IIEF-5 scores were negatively correlated in pED patients, there was no statistical significance between them (r=−0.049, p=0.677). Compared with the control group, the HRV parameters of pED patients were significantly increased in LF/HF ratio (p=0.014) but significantly decreased in LF, HF, and pNN50 (p&lt;0.001). However, the two groups had no statistically significant differences in cortisol variables (all p&gt;0.05). The interaction between sympathovagal modulation (HF, rMSSD) and cortisol awakening response (CAR AUCi) explained significantly greater variance in perceived stress than either stress system alone. Higher parasympathetic activity combined with a higher cortisol awakening response was associated with greater perceived stress.ConclusionOur results suggested that the interrelation between ANS and HPA axis activity might enhance our comprehension of how stress affected the physical and mental health of pED patients.
Pediatric thyroid surgery: Retrospective analysis on the first 25 pediatric thyroidectomies performed in a reference center for adult thyroid diseases
Authors: Quaglino Francesco , Bellocchia Alex Bruno , Tuli Gerdi , Munarin Jessica , Matarazzo Patrizia , Cestino Luca , Festa Federico , Carbonaro Giulia , Oleandri Salvatore , Manini Claudia , Vergano Riccardo , De Sanctis Luisa 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionPediatric thyroid carcinoma represents about 4-5% of all pediatric carcinoma with an incidence of 0.5 cases/100,000, compared to 2-10/100000 cases in the adult population. The aim of this study is to present the experience of a reference adult endocrine surgery unit in charge of the treatment of pediatric thyroid diseases.Materials and methodsFrom January 2019 to September 2022, 25 patients, aged 5-17, underwent thyroid surgery. We analysed indications for surgery, use of intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM), definitive histological examination, postoperative outcomes and risk factors related.ResultsSurgical indication was performed for Graves’ disease (27%) and for nodular pathology (73%): of these, four were malignant lesions (TIR4/TIR5), eight with indeterminate characteristics (TIR3A/TIR3B) and four characterized as benign (TIR1/TIR2). Total thyroidectomy (TT) was performed in 76% of cases, three of which were prophylactic for the activation of the RET gene mutation in MEN 2A. IONM was used in eight cases (32%), all patients aged 11 years or less. FNA’s accuracy was 100% for lesions typified as benign and malignant (TIR1/TIR2 and TIR4/TIR5). The overall malignancy rate achieved was 40% and in the final histological examination 75% of the TIR 3B lesions were malignant. Six patients (24%) developed hypoparathyroidism in the first postoperative day, with normalization of calcium values within thirty days in 5 patients.ConclusionsPediatric thyroid nodules are rare and distinguished from adult thyroid disease by a worse prognosis and higher malignancy rates. Our work reports a much higher malignancy rate among indeterminate TIR 3B lesions than observed in the adult population and the three patients who underwent prophylactic total thyroidectomy for activating RET gene mutation had all a definitive histological diagnosis of medullary carcinoma. Post-surgical hypoparathyroidism is a common finding in these patients: in most cases the condition is transient and it benefits from supportive therapy. Intraoperative finding of a thinner recurrent laryngeal nerve in younger patients makes nerve isolation more difficult than in adult surgery: IONM is recommended in patients under 12. Pediatric thyroid surgery is challenging, we sustain it requires referral thyroid Centers for thyroid disease with highly skilled general endocrine surgeons.
Identify incipient faults through similarity comparison with waveform split-recognition framework
Authors: Tang Xinlu , Cui Qiushi , Weng Yang , Su Yuxiang , Li Dongdong 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Incipient faults of distribution networks, if not detected at an early stage, could evolve into permanent faults and result in significant economic losses. It is necessary to detect incipient faults to improve power grid security. However, due to the short duration and unapparent waveform distortion, incipient faults are difficult to identify. In addition, incipient faults usually have a small data volume, which compromises their pattern recognition.Methods: In this paper, an incipient fault identification method is proposed to address these problems. First, a Waveform Split-Recognition Framework (WSRF) is proposed to provide a two-step process: 1) split waveform into several segments according to cycles, and 2) recognize incipient faults through the similarity of decomposed segments. Second, we design a Similarity Comparison Network (SCN) to learn the waveform by sharing the weights of two Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs), and then calculate the gap between them through a non-linear function in high-dimensional space. Last, disassembled filters are devised to extract features from the waveform.Results: The method of initializing weights can improve the speed and Accuracy of training, and some existing datasets like MNIST consisting of 250 handwritten numbers from different people are able to provide initial weights to disassembled filters through the adaptive data distribution method. This paper uses field data and simulation data to verify the performance of SCN and WSRF.Discussion: WSRF can achieve more than 95% Accuracy in identifying incipient faults, which is much higher than three other methods in literature. And this method can achieve good results at different fault locations and different fault times. Which compromises their pattern recognition.
Hydrogen cyanide, a key plant defense, as a potential driver of root-associated nematode communities along urbanization gradients
Authors: Qu Jiao , Bonte Dries , Vandegehuchte Martijn L. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionPlant chemical defenses can influence the distribution, community composition, and abundance of soil biota. Urbanization plays a key role in shaping soil biotic communities either directly through changes in soil properties or indirectlyviachanges in plant characteristics such as defense traits. The effects of urbanization and plant defenses on the abundance and structure of aboveground plant-associated communities have been studied, yet their effects on belowground root-associated communities are poorly understood.MethodsHere we sampled white clover (Trifolium repensL.) leaves and roots along urban–rural gradients in the cities of Antwerp and Ghent, Belgium. We measured production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in leaves, a known defense trait against herbivores, and abundances of different feeding guilds of nematodes associated with the roots.ResultsWe found that HCN production decreased with increasing levels of urbanization in both cities. Urbanization was significantly correlated with shifts in root-associated nematode community structure in Antwerp but not in Ghent. Responses of nematode feeding guilds and trophic groups to urbanization were highly dependent on the clovers’ HCN production, especially in Ghent. Changes in nematode channel ratio in Antwerp indicated that urban root-associated nematode communities of white clover were more strongly dominated by fungivorous nematodes.DiscussionOur results demonstrate that urbanization is driving changes in a plant phenotypic trait and in the community structure of root-associated nematodes, as well as that both changes interact. Plant defense mechanisms could thus help elucidate the effects of urbanization on root-associated biota communities. As strong differences existed between the two studied cities, the particular properties of cities should be taken into account to better understand the direction and strength of phenotypic trait changes driven by urbanization.
Case report: Identification of novel fibrillin-2 variants impacting disulfide bond and causing congenital contractural arachnodactyly
Authors: Li An-Lei , He Ji-Qiang , Zeng Lei , Hu Yi-Qiao , Wang Min , Long Jie-Yi , Chang Si-Hua , Jin Jie-Yuan , Xiang Rong 
Published: March 2023

Background: Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with clinical features of arthrogryposis, arachnodactyly, crumpled ears, scoliosis, and muscular hypoplasia. The heterozygous pathogenic variants in FBN2 have been shown to cause CCA. Fibrillin-2 is related to the elasticity of the tissue and has been demonstrated to play an important role in the constitution of extracellular microfibrils in elastic fibers, providing strength and flexibility to the connective tissue that sustains the body’s joints and organs.Methods: We recruited two Chinese families with arachnodactyly and bilateral arthrogryposis of the fingers. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and co-segregation analysis were employed to identify their genetic etiologies. Three-dimensional protein models were used to analyze the pathogenic mechanism of the identified variants.Results: We have reported two CCA families and identified two novel missense variants in FBN2 (NM_001999.3: c.4093T&gt;C, p.C1365R and c.2384G&gt;T, p.C795F). The structural models of the mutant FBN2 protein in rats exhibited that both the variants could break disulfide bonds.Conclusion: We detected two FBN2 variants in two families with CCA. Our description expands the genetic profile of CCA and emphasizes the pathogenicity of disulfide bond disruption in FBN2.
Genetic polymorphisms and population genetic analyses of 57 autosomal InDel loci in Hubei Tujia group
Authors: Lan Jiangwei , Zhang Xingru , Cui Wei , Mei Shuyan , Xu Jingtao , Zhu Bofeng 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The Tujia is the eighth most populous population in China, but its genetic structure has not been fully studied.Methods: In this study, we utilized 57 autosomal Insertion/deletion (InDel) loci to evaluate the genetic polymorphisms and efficiency of forensic applications in the Chinese Hubei Tujia group, and analyzed the genetic structure variances among the studied group and other 26 different reference populations from five continents in 1000 Genomes Project (1KG).Results: The results showed that 57 InDels have no significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and linkage equilibrium. The combined power of discrimination (CPD) and the combined probability of exclusion (CPE) values for 57 InDels were 0.99999999999999999999999699822 and 0.999975177214539 in the Hubei Tujia group, respectively. In addition, the results of genetic structure analyses indicated that the Hubei Tujia group has close genetic relationships with the Chinese Han population and other East Asian populations.Discussion: These 57 autosomal InDels can be used as reliable tools for forensic individual identification and paternity testing, and are more suitable for East Asian populations. Furthermore, three InDels (rs72085595, rs145941537, and rs34529639) are promising for inferring ancestral information.
Characterization of a novel potency endpoint for the evaluation of immune checkpoint blockade in humanized mice
Authors: Matas-Céspedes Alba , Lapointe Jean-Martin , Elder Matthew J. , Browne Gareth J. , Dovedi Simon J. , de Haan Lolke , Maguire Shaun , Stebbings Richard 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionHumanized mice are emerging as valuable models to experimentally evaluate the impact of different immunotherapeutics on the human immune system. These immunodeficient mice are engrafted with human cells or tissues, that then mimic the human immune system, offering an alternative and potentially more predictive preclinical model. Immunodeficient NSG mice engrafted with human CD34+ cord blood stem cells develop human T cells educated against murine MHC. However, autoimmune graft versus host disease (GvHD), mediated by T cells, typically develops 1 year post engraftment.MethodsHere, we have used the development of GvHD in NSG mice, using donors with HLA alleles predisposed to autoimmunity (psoriasis) to weight in favor of GvHD, as an endpoint to evaluate the relative potency of monoclonal and BiSpecific antibodies targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 to break immune tolerance.ResultsWe found that treatment with either a combination of anti-PD-1 &amp; anti-CTLA-4 mAbs or a quadrivalent anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 BiSpecific (MEDI8500), had enhanced potency compared to treatment with anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 monotherapies, increasing T cell activity both in vitro and in vivo. This resulted in accelerated development of GvHD and shorter survival of the humanized mice in these treatment groups commensurate with their on target activity.DiscussionOur findings demonstrate the potential of humanized mouse models for preclinical evaluation of different immunotherapies and combinations, using acceleration of GvHD development as a surrogate of aggravated antigenic T-cell response against host.