bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
White matter alterations in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a systematic review of 129 diffusion imaging studies with meta-analysis
Authors: Parlatini Valeria , Itahashi Takashi , Lee Yeji , Liu Siwei , Nguyen Thuan T. , Aoki Yuta Y. , Forkel Stephanie J. , Catani Marco , Rubia Katya , Zhou Juan H. , Murphy Declan G. , Cortese Samuele 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAberrant anatomical brain connections in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported inconsistently across diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) studies. Based on a pre-registered protocol (Prospero: CRD42021259192), we searched PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Knowledge until 26/03/2022 to conduct a systematic review of DWI studies. We performed a quality assessment based on imaging acquisition, preprocessing, and analysis. Using signed differential mapping, we meta-analyzed a subset of the retrieved studies amenable to quantitative evidence synthesis, i.e., tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies, in individuals of any age and, separately, in children, adults, and high-quality datasets. Finally, we conducted meta-regressions to test the effect of age, sex, and medication-naïvety. We included 129 studies (6739 ADHD participants and 6476 controls), of which 25 TBSS studies provided peak coordinates for case-control differences in fractional anisotropy (FA)(32 datasets) and 18 in mean diffusivity (MD)(23 datasets). The systematic review highlighted white matter alterations (especially reduced FA) in projection, commissural and association pathways of individuals with ADHD, which were associated with symptom severity and cognitive deficits. The meta-analysis showed a consistent reduced FA in the splenium and body of the corpus callosum, extending to the cingulum. Lower FA was related to older age, and case-control differences did not survive in the pediatric meta-analysis. About 68% of studies were of low quality, mainly due to acquisitions with non-isotropic voxels or lack of motion correction; and the sensitivity analysis in high-quality datasets yielded no significant results. Findings suggest prominent alterations in posterior interhemispheric connections subserving cognitive and motor functions affected in ADHD, although these might be influenced by non-optimal acquisition parameters/preprocessing. Absence of findings in children may be related to the late development of callosal fibers, which may enhance case-control differences in adulthood. Clinicodemographic and methodological differences were major barriers to consistency and comparability among studies, and should be addressed in future investigations.
Targeting N-glycosylation of 4F2hc mediated by glycosyltransferase B3GNT3 sensitizes ferroptosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Heng , Chen Xianlong , Mo Shengwei , Zhang Yue , Mao Xinxin , Chen Jingci , Liu Yilin , Tong Wei-Min , Lu Zhaohui , Yu Shuangni , Chen Jie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly fatal malignancy partially due to the acquired alterations related to aberrant protein glycosylation that pathologically remodel molecular biological processes and protect PDAC cells from death. Ferroptosis driven by lethal lipid peroxidation provides a targetable vulnerability for PDAC. However, the crosstalk between glycosylation and ferroptosis remains unclear. Here, we identified 4F2hc, a subunit of the glutamate-cystine antiporter system Xc–, and its asparagine (N)-glycosylation is involved in PDAC ferroptosis by N- and O-linked glycoproteomics. Knockdown of SLC3A2 (gene name of 4F2hc) or blocking the N-glycosylation of 4F2hc potentiates ferroptosis sensitization of PDAC cells by impairing the activity of system Xc– manifested by a marked decrease in intracellular glutathione. Mechanistically, we found that the glycosyltransferase B3GNT3 catalyzes the glycosylation of 4F2hc, stabilizes the 4F2hc protein, and enhances the interaction between 4F2hc and xCT. Knockout of B3GNT3 or deletion of enzymatically active B3GNT3 sensitizes PDAC cells to ferroptosis. Reconstitution of 4F2hc-deficient cells with wildtype 4F2hc restores ferroptosis resistance while glycosylation-mutated 4F2hc does not. Additionally, upon combination with a ferroptosis inducer, treatment with the classical N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin (TM) markedly triggers the overactivation of lipid peroxidation and enhances the sensitivity of PDAC cells to ferroptosis. Notably, we confirmed that genetic perturbation of SLC3A2 or combination treatment with TM significantly augments ferroptosis-induced inhibition of orthotopic PDAC. Clinically, high expression of 4F2hc and B3GNT3 contributes to the progression and poor survival of PDAC patients. Collectively, our findings reveal a previously unappreciated function of N-glycosylation of 4F2hc in ferroptosis and suggest that dual targeting the vulnerabilities of N-glycosylation and ferroptosis may be an innovative therapeutic strategy for PDAC.
Exploring the role of retinal fluid as a biomarker for the management of diabetic macular oedema
Authors: Khoramnia Ramin , Nguyen Quan Dong , Kertes Peter J. , Sararols Ramsay Laura , Vujosevic Stela , Anderesi Majid , Igwe Franklin , Eter Nicole 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnti-VEGF therapies are associated with significant gains in visual acuity and fluid resolution in the treatment of diabetic macular oedema (DMO) and have become the standard of care. However, despite their efficacy, outcomes can be unpredictable, vary widely between individual eyes, and a large proportion of patients have persistent fluid following initial treatment, with a negative impact on visual outcomes. Anatomical parameters measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), in addition to visual acuity, are key to monitoring treatment effectiveness and guiding retreatment decisions; however, existing guidelines on the management of DMO lack clear recommendations for interpretation of OCT parameters, or proposed thresholds of various markers to guide retreatment decisions. Although central subfield thickness (CSFT) has been widely used as a marker for retreatment decisions in clinical trials in DMO, and a reduction in CSFT has generally been shown to accompany improvements in best-corrected visual acuity with treatment, analyses of the relationship between these parameters show that the correlation is small to moderate. A more direct relationship can be seen between an increased magnitude of CSFT fluctuations over time and poorer visual acuity, suggesting that control of CSFT could be important in maximising visual outcomes. The relationship between visual outcomes and qualitatively assessed intraretinal fluid and subretinal fluid is also unclear, although quantitative assessments of fluid parameters suggest that untreated intraretinal fluid and subretinal fluid negatively impact visual outcomes. These findings highlight a need for clearer guidelines on the management of retinal fluid to improve visual outcomes for patients with DMO.
High-precision broadband linear polarimetry of early-type binaries
Authors: Abdul Qadir Yasir , Berdyugin Andrei V. , Piirola Vilppu , Sakanoi Takeshi , Kagitani Masato 
Published: July 2023

Aims. DH Cephei is a well-known massive O+O-type binary system on the northern sky, situated at the center of young open cluster NGC 7380. Our high-precision multi-band polarimetry clearly reveals that variations of linear polarization in this system are synchronous with the phase of the orbital period. We used the observed variations of Stokes parameters q and u to derive the orbital inclination i, orientation Ω, and the direction of rotation. Moreover, in order to obtain a rough estimation of the interstellar polarization in the vicinity of DH Cep, we observed polarization arising from the neighboring stars in the cluster.
Methods. We used the Dipo1–2 polarimeter in combination with the remotely controlled 60 cm Tohoku T60 telescope to obtain linear polarization measurements of DH Cep in the B, V, and R passbands at the accuracy level of ~0.003%. To obtain an estimation of interstellar polarization of DH Cep, we observed more than a dozen field stars identified as members of NGC 7380 and in the close proximity to DH Cep. A Lomb-Scargle period search was applied to the acquired polarization data to reveal the dominating frequency in polarization variations. We used a standard analytical method based on a two-harmonics Fourier fit to derive the inclination, orientation, and the direction of rotation of the binary orbit.
Results. The variations of Stokes parameters in all three B, V, and R passbands clearly suggest an unambiguous periodic signal at 1.055 d with an amplitude of variations of ~0.2%, which corresponds to half of the known orbital period of 2.11 d. This type of polarization variability is expected for a binary system with light-scattering material distributed symmetrically with respect to the orbital plane. In addition to the regular polarization variability, there is a nonperiodic component, which is strongest in the B passband. In the V passband, we obtained our most reliable values for the orbital inclination i = 46° + 11°/ − 46° and an orientation of the orbit on the sky of Ω = 105° ± 55°, with 1σ confidence intervals. Using our best estimate of i and the polametric amplitude in the V passband, we estimated that the mass loss from the system is ~3.4 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1. The direction of the binary system rotation on the plane of the sky is clockwise. Our polarimetric observations of neighboring stars of DH Cep in NGC 7380 reveal that the polarization of the cluster stars is most likley due to aligned interstellar dust in the foreground.
The burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to high body mass index—an observational study
Authors: Dong Xin-Jiang , Zhang Xiao-Qi , Wang Bei-Bei , Hou Fei-Fei , Jiao Yang , Wang Jian-Gang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aim
This study aims to provide a timely and comprehensive estimate of the current burden and temporal trend of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributable to high body mass index (HBMI).

Methods
We systematically assessed the current burden and temporal trend of CVD attributable to HBMI by calendar year, age, sex, region, nation, socioeconomic status, and specific CVD based on the most recent Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019.

Results
Globally, the numbers of CVD-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths attributable to HBMI has more than doubled from 1990 to 2019. Conversely, the age-standardized rates (ASRs) of CVD-related DALYs and deaths attributable to HBMI showed a slight downward trend, with estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of −0.18 and −0.43, respectively. The ASRs of CVD-related DALYs and deaths attributable to HBMI were lower in low and high Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions in 2019, but higher in middle and high-middle SDI regions. The ASRs of CVD-related DALYs and deaths attributable to HBMI showed a downward trend in the high SDI regions from 1990 to 2019, but showed an upward trend in the low and low-middle SDI regions. The leading causes of CVD burden attributable to HBMI were ischemic heart disease, stroke, hypertensive heart disease, and atrial fibrillation/flutter in 2019.

Conclusion
The CVD burden attributable to HBMI remains a challenging global health concern. Policymakers in high and increasing burden regions can learn from some valuable experiences of low and decreasing burden regions and develop more targeted and specific strategies to prevent and reduce CVD burden attributable to HBMI.
Star formation history of ≤ z ≤ mass-selected galaxies in the ELAIS-N1 Field
Authors: Ocran E F , Vaccari M , Stil J M , Taylor A R , Ishwara-Chandra C H , Kim Jae-Woo 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We measure the specific star formation rates (sSFRs) of K-band selected galaxies from the European Large Area ISO Survey North 1 by stacking Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope data at 610 MHz. We identify a sample of star-forming galaxies (SFGs), spanning ${0.1\le \, {z}\, \le \, 1.5}$ and $\rm {10^{8.5}\lt \, {{\mathit{ M}}_{\star }}/{{M}_{\odot }}\lt 10^{12.4}}$, using a combination of multiwavelength diagnostics obtained from the deep LOw Frequency ARray Two-metre Sky Survey multiwavelength catalogue. We measure the flux densities in the radio map and estimate the radio SFR in order to probe the nature of the galaxies below the noise and confusion limits. The massive galaxies in our sample have the lowest sSFRs, which is in agreement with previous studies. For the different populations, we show that the sSFR–mass relation steepens with redshift, with an average slope of $\rm {\langle \beta _{All} \rangle \, =\, -0.49\pm 0.01}$ for the whole sample, and $\rm {\langle \beta _{SFG} \rangle \, =\, -0.42\pm 0.02}$ for the SFGs. Our results indicate that galaxy populations undergo ’downsizing’, whereby most massive galaxies form their stars earlier and more rapidly than low-mass galaxies. Both populations show a strong decrease in their sSFR towards the present epoch. The sSFR evolution with redshift is best described by a power law ${(1\, +\, {z})^{n}}$, where $\rm {\langle {\mathit{ n}}_{ALL}\rangle \sim 4.94\pm 0.53}$ for all galaxies and $\rm {\langle {\mathit{ n}}_{SFG}\rangle \sim 3.51\pm 0.52}$ for SFGs. Comparing our measured sSFRs to results from literature, we find a general agreement in the sSFR–M⋆ plane.
Outcomes of Patients Transported in the Prone Position to a Regional Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Timothy , Nikouline Anton , Riggs Jamie , Nolan Brodie , Pan Andy , Peddle Michael , Fan Eddy , Del Sorbo Lorenzo , Granton John 
Published: July 2023

IMPORTANCE:
Prone positioning is associated with improved mortality in patients with moderate/severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and has been increasingly used throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. In patients with refractory hypoxemia, transfer to an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) center may improve outcome but may be challenging due to severely compromised gas exchange. Transport of these patients in prone position may be advantageous; however, there is a paucity of data on their outcomes.

OBJECTIVES:
The primary objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the early outcomes of ARDS patients transported in prone position for evaluation at a regional ECMO center. A secondary objective was to examine the safety of their transport in the prone position.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING:
This study used patient charts from Ornge and Toronto General Hospital in Ontario, Canada, between February 1, 2020, and November 31, 2021.

PARTICIPANTS:
Patient with ARDS transported in the prone position for ECMO evaluation to Toronto General Hospital.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Descriptive analysis of patients transported in the prone position and their outcomes.

RESULTS:
One hundred fifteen patients were included. Seventy-two received ECMO (63%) and 51 died (44%) with ARDS and sepsis as the most common listed causes of death. Patients were transported primarily for COVID-related indications (93%). Few patients required additional analgesia (8%), vasopressors (4%), or experienced clinically relevant desaturation during transport (2%).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
This cohort of patients with severe ARDS transported in prone position had outcomes ranging from similar to better compared with existing literature. Prone transport was performed safely with few complications or escalation in treatments. Prone transport to an ECMO center should be regarded as safe and potentially beneficial for patients with ARDS and refractory hypoxemia.
Evaluation and management of drug-eluting stent in-stent restenosis
Authors: Parfrey Shane , Siu Vincent , Graham John J. , Vijayaraghavan Ram , Li Christopher , Pang Jeffrey , Kalra Sanjog , Džavík Vladimír , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Bagai Akshay 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review
In-stent restenosis (ISR) is the most common cause of stent failure. Although the rate of ISR is significantly lower with contemporary drug-eluting stents (DES), it remains a challenging clinical entity to treat.

Recent findings
In this review, we focus on a practical approach to management of DES ISR with intravascular imaging at its core, as supported by several recently published articles. This facilitates assessment of the underlying mechanism(s) essential to the successful treatment of ISR allowing for a tailored selection of treatment modalities.

Summary
The successful treatment of DES ISR requires identification of the causative mechanism(s). Individualized treatment may include high-pressure balloon angioplasty alone, cutting or scoring balloons, intravascular lithotripsy, atheroablative therapies and a selection of either repeat DES implantation or drug-coated balloon treatment.
Aortic propagation velocity in predicting coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ghaderi Fereshteh , Niroomand Shabnam , Poorzand Hoorak , Alimi Hedieh , Bigdelu Laila , Fazlinezhad Afsoon , Keihanian Faeze 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and its outcome, myocardial infarction, is yet a significant etiology of mortality and morbidity nowadays. The aortic propagation velocity (APV) can be a simple, straightforward and novel echocardiographic index for the risk stratification in the evaluation of CAD. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the predictive role of APV in CAD.

Material and methods:
Relevant electronic bibliographies (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, EMbase, the Cochrane library) were explored. Related reports were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis 2.0 software.

Results:
Eventually, 5 articles met the inclusion criteria and included in the meta-analysis. Five studies with 490 patients reported the APV mean in CAD and non-CAD groups. A random-effect model was used and the pooled findings demonstrated a significant higher APV in non-CAD group compared to CAD group (SMD: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.70–3.07, P < .001, I
2: 84%, Q: 19.03). The diagnostic value of APV in predicting CAD showed 86.3% sensitivity (95% CI: 74–91, P value < .001, I
2: 65%, Q: 8.53, P value: .03) and 83.8% specificity (95% CI: 69–94, P value < .001, I
2: 60%, Q: 9.89, P value: .01).

Conclusion:
There was a predictive role of APV in CAD with suitable specificity and sensitivity. Moreover, aortic distensibility and aortic strain were significantly different in CAD and non-CAD patients. APV could be used as a good noninvasive tool for screening CAD.
Multiple myeloma identified within the same site of the mandible with medication-related osteonecrosis of jaw: An unusual case report
Authors: Wu Xiao-Hong , Chen Shi-Wei 
Published: July 2023

Rationale:
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of plasma cells, which usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly male patients. Bisphosphonates (BP) are commonly used for the treatment of MM bone disease. Long-time use of BP may cause medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). MRONJ occurs in jaw exclusively, and Multiple myeloma can also invade the jaw. The 2 diseases have similar clinical manifestations and imaging findings. This report present a case of MM identified in surgical specimen at the site that had been previously pathologically diagnosed as MRONJ in a patient with MM.

Patient concerns:
A 57-years-old male patient visited our clinic on October 16, 2020 because of gingival swelling and pain in the right mandible for 1 month after extraction of the lower right premolar. The patient had a long-time illness history of multiple myeloma, and received intravenous zoledronic acid treatment.

Diagnoses:
Based on the clinical characteristics, imaging, and pathological findings of sequestrum formation and high inflammatory cell infiltration, the patient was diagnosed with MRONJ. After 1 year, a mandibular osteotomy was performed and pathological analysis showed the presence of necrotic bone and a large number of abnormal plasma cell infiltration, suggesting the presence of MM in the mandible.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with a series of conservative treatments including antibiotic treatment, saline irrigation and laser irradiation, as well as superficial sequestration was. One year later, a mandibular osteotomy was performed.

Outcomes:
For the patient, the symptoms of gingival swelling, pain and discharge disappeared after surgery.

Lessons:
These findings suggested MRONJ and MM could occur simultaneously at same site, so patients with MM presenting with symptoms of MRONJ should be screened for concurrent or disease relapse of multiple myeloma to prevent misdiagnosis or inadequate management. Meanwhile, this also suggests long-term inflammatory may lead to invasion of multiple myeloma.
Electroacupuncture with or without combined warm needling for tinnitus: Study protocol for a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial
Authors: Guo Yuanqi , Ho Lai Fun , Chen Liyi , Tsang Ping Him , Chen Min , Chan Kam Leung , Ng Bacon Fung-Leung , Lin Zhi Xiu 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Tinnitus is a common auditory condition that can lead to serious problems. Clinically, acupuncture and moxibustion have been commonly applied to treat tinnitus in China, with potential therapeutic effects but with limitations in study methodology and high-quality evidence. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of either electroacupuncture alone or combined with warm needling for reducing tinnitus loudness and improving quality of life.

Methods:
This study is a prospective, multicenter, assessor-blind, 3-arm, parallel-group, randomized, waitlist-controlled trial. In total, 90 patients will be randomly assigned to the electroacupuncture, electroacupuncture and warm needing, or waitlist control group in a 1:1:1 ratio. Patients in the 2 treatment groups will be treated twice a week for a total of 5 weeks. Patients in the control group will not receive treatment during the study period and will be informed that they can receive it for free after a 10-week waiting period. The duration of intervention for this study will be 5 weeks, followed by another 5 weeks for the posttreatment assessment. The primary outcome is the change in the visual analog scale score for tinnitus loudness from baseline until the end of treatment. The secondary outcome is the tinnitus discomfort assessment measured using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. Outcome parameters will be assessed at baseline and at weeks 5 and 10. Any adverse events will be observed and recorded for safety assessment. Linear mixed models for repeated measures will be applied in the analysis.

Discussion:
Acupuncture and moxibustion could be potentially effective treatment alternatives for tinnitus. The study results will provide evidence to determine the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture with or without warm needling for tinnitus.