bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Depression as a Predictor of Suicidal Ideation Among Undergraduate Students In Private University
Authors: Agbon Azorondu Abigail , Mujeeb Adebayo Erinfolami , Samuel John Obot , Binuyo Adesoye Abiodun , Ocheze Happiness Adesanya 
Published: May 2023

This paper explores the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and perception of depression and its potential role as a predictor of suicidal ideation among undergraduate students at Babcock University. Suicide rates among young adults have been a growing concern, and understanding the factors contributing to suicidal ideation is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. The study employs a quantitative research design and collects data through a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of undergraduate students. The questionnaire assesses participants' knowledge of depression, attitudes toward mental health, perception of depression, and the presence of suicidal ideation. The findings revealed that; Undergraduate students have positive knowledge of depression as a predictor of suicidal ideation with an average of 60.7% which is below expectation. There is a negative level of attitude towards depression as a predictor of suicidal ideation among the students with an average of 48%. There is a positive perception of undergraduate students about depression as a predictor of suicidal ideation with an average of 75.1%. There is a significant and positive relationship between depression and suicidal ideation with an average of 68.5%.
Moreover, individuals with lower levels of knowledge, negative attitudes, and misconceptions about depression are more likely to experience suicidal ideation. The study highlights the importance of targeted educational programs that enhance mental health literacy, promote positive attitudes toward mental health, and challenge misconceptions surrounding depression. Implementation of such interventions can potentially reduce the prevalence of suicidal ideation among undergraduate students and foster a more supportive campus environment. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors that contribute to suicidal ideation and to validate the effectiveness of targeted interventions in reducing the risk of suicide among young adults.
Contribuciones hacia la cronología del Periodo Arcaico en las punas de Junín
Authors: Kaulicke Peter 
Published: May 2023

La estratigrafía y tipología de Uchkumachay, Junín, están presentadas así como los resultados preliminares de un estudio comparativo entre Uchkumachay y Telarmachay en colaboración con D. Lavallée y M. Julien. Estos resultados tienen mayor importancia para la formación de una cronología general del Periodo Arcaico en el área de Junín la cual es una de las áreas mejor estudiadas de los Andes Centrales durante este periodo pero que aguarda aún una síntesis general y la presentación más completa de los datos disponibles.
Structure of a 10-23 Deoxyribozyme Exhibiting a Homodimer Conformation
Authors: Cramer Evan , Starcovic Sarah , Avey Rebekah , Kaya Ali , Robart Aaron 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes) are in vitro evolved DNA sequences capable of catalyzing chemical reactions. The RNA cleaving 10–23 DNAzyme was the first DNAzyme to be evolved and possesses clinical and biotechnical applications as a biosensor and a knockdown agent. DNAzymes do not require the recruitment of other components to cleave RNA and can turnover, thus they have a distinct advantage over other knockdown methods (siRNA, CRISPR, morpholinos). Despite this, a lack of structural and mechanistic information has hindered the optimization and application of the 10–23 DNAzyme. Here, we report a 2.7 Å crystal structure of the RNA cleaving 10–23 DNAzyme in a homodimer conformation. Although proper coordination of the DNAzyme to substrate is observed along with intriguing patterns of bound magnesium ions, the dimer conformation likely does not capture the true catalytic form of the 10–23 DNAzyme.
Deterministic switching of antiferromagnetic spin textures by chaotic magnons
Authors: Yu Haiming , Chen Jilei , Wang Jinlong , Sheng Lutong , Jia Hao , Wei Weiwei , Zhang Han , Zhang Yuelin , Wang Hanchen , Yuan Rundong , Liu Song , Chen Tingyong , Grundler Dirk , Yu Dapeng , Ansermet Jean-Philippe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Topological spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions1-7 are promising candidates as information carriers for next-generation memory-in-logic devices8. Antiferromagnetic spin textures9-12, compared to their ferromagnetic counterparts, innately possess high stability with respect to external disturbance13,14 and high-frequency dynamics15-18 compatible with ultrafast information processing. However, deterministic creation and reconfigurable switching of different antiferromagnetic spin textures have not been realized so far. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature deterministic switching between antiferromagnetic domain walls, Bloch bimerons and Néel bimerons in single-crystal hematite (α-Fe2O3)12,19-22. All three topological states are found to be remarkably stable and fully controllable, as confirmed by 1’000 switching cycles. Their dynamics exhibit distinct resonance frequencies and magnetic field dependences. The switching from domain walls to Bloch bimerons requires only one microwave pulse (100 ns) with ultralow energy consumption (1 nJ). When the dynamic excitation wavevector approaches that of static spin textures, and the power lies beyond a threshold, chaotic magnons23-26 are excited, which subsequently nucleate bimerons and finally lead to a deterministic switching, as unveiled by micromagnetic simulations. The progressive switching from Bloch-type to Néel-type bimerons imitates the weighted sum operation in neuromorphic computing27,28. Thus, our work points to the possibility of using spin textures in antiferromagnets for information processing.
Convergent approach of double intermediates in flow microreactor: flash irreversible carbocations generation enables direct cross–coupling
Authors: Soutome Hiroki , Yamashita Hiroki , Ashikari Yosuke , Takumi Masahiro , Shimizu Yutaka , Nagaki Aiichiro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In biosynthesis multiple kinds of reactive intermediates are generated, transported, and reacted across different parts of organisms, enabling highly sophisticated synthetic reactions. Inspired by such ideal reaction conditions, herein we report a convergent synthetic approach using double intermediates, carbocations and carbanions, at once. By reactions of unsaturated precursors, such as enamines, with a superacid in a flow microreactor, carbocations were generated rapidly and irreversibly, and before decomposition, they were transported to react with rapidly and independently generated carbanions, enabling direct C–C bond formation. Taking advantage of the reactivity of these double reactive intermediates, the reaction took place within a few seconds, enabling synthetic reactions which are not applicable in conventional reactions.
Construction of New Urbanization and Economic Growth of Resource-Based Cities: Evidence from China
Authors: Yang Zhiliang , Cao Ying , Du Junhong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
development of a resource-based city economy. Using data from prefecture-level cities between 2011 and 2017, this study employs a double difference approach to assess the impact of the new urbanization comprehensive pilot policy on the economic growth of resource-based cities. According to the research findings, the new urbanization construction has promoted the growth of GDP per capita in resource-based cities, and has passed the robustness test; heterogeneity analysis shows that the policy effect of new urbanization construction in resource-rich cities is stronger than the policy effect of new urbanization construction in resource-poor cities, and the policy effect in energy resource-based cities is significant, but the policy effect of metal and other resource-based cities is not significant. The policy effect of resource-based cities in the eastern and western regions is significant, while that in the central regions is not significant.
Spiritual leadership and service performance among Chinese flight attendants: The mediating effects of meaningful work and work engagement
Authors: Wu Yaoliang , Li Shu , Ge Ning , Cui Huaiwei , Xu Quan , Ji Ming , Li Yuan , You Xuqun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

As an irreplaceable part of flight crew for passenger carriage in big aircraft, flight attendants are responsible for cabin safety, security, passenger service and emergency during the flight. However, as the main interface between passengers and airlines, flight attendants’ delivering of high quality service is crucial in retention of passengers’ loyalty and airlines’ prosperity. Hence, how to promote flight attendants’ service performance during the flight is important in airline management. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to explore the roles of spiritual leadership, meaningful work, work engagement and flight attendants’ service performance in the sample of 313 Chinese flight attendants from China Eastern Airlines Co., Ltd. and its branches. Correlation analysis indicated that spiritual leadership, meaningful work, work engagement and service performance were significantly correlated with each other. Bootstrap analysis showed that meaningful work and work engagement not merely play a simple mediating role between spiritual leadership and service performance, but jointly play a chain mediating role. Theoretical implications for this research and managerial suggestions for how to improve flight attendants’ service performance in airline management are discussed.
Fractionating Chitin and Coproducts from Pleurotus ostreatus Mushrooms
Authors: Ayser Muhammad , Tony Wafa , Hernandez Isabella Sanchez , Kuriakose Rohana , Smith Justin , Wallaert Samuel J. , Alamgir Karim , Robertson Megan , balan venkatesh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A large amount of wasted mushroom stems are accumulated yearly by the mushroom industry. To reduce this waste, we have proposed a fractionation method to isolate several useful coproducts such as β-glucans, lipids, Vitamin D, polyphenols, and proteins before producing chitin from oyster mushrooms using reusable organic solvents. The extracted β-Glucans, polyphenols, and proteins were confirmed by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS), Folin-Ciocalteau, and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assays respectively. Extracted lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chitin was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and powder X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The crystallinity index of the extracted chitin was 71.2% when compared to 85% for crustacean chitin. The reduced crystallinity in mushroom chitin was due to the presence of some β-glucans. Overall, the reported fractionation method uses less solvent and provides a greener alternative to producing chitin when compared to the conventional methods of using a large quantity of harsh chemicals harmful to the environment. Further, fractionating several coproducts while producing chitin will reduce the total processing cost.
Fires in the South American Chaco, from dry forests to wetlands: response to climate depends on land cover
Authors: Martin Rodrigo San , Ottlé Catherine , Sörensson Anna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Wildfires represent an important element in the biogeophysical cycles of various ecosystems across the globe and are particularly related to land transformation in tropical and subtropical regions. In this study we analyzed the links between fires, land use and meteorological variables in the South American Chaco (1.1 million km²), a global deforestation hotspot and fire prone region that has been highly neglected by environmental sciences so far.Results: Separating our analysis along the region’s marked precipitation gradient between the Wet Chaco (27%) and the Dry Chaco (73%), we combined satellite burnt area and land cover data together with meteorological products to study the fire patterns and drivers in the period 2001–2019. We found that the Dry Chaco has a unimodal fire seasonality (winter-spring) while the Wet Chaco has a bimodal seasonality (summer-autumn and winter-spring). While most of the burnt area was found in the Wet Chaco (113,859 km²; 55% of the entire burnt area), the Dry Chaco showed the largest fraction of forest loss (93,261 km²; 88% of the entire forest loss). For the whole Chaco, 26% of the forest loss was associated to burnt area detections, and this value changes among regions and countries, with Argentina standing as the country with both the largest absolute and fire-related forest loss (51,409 km² of total forest loss; ~40% fire-related). Land cover emerged as the principal factor behind fires, as it controls the effect of meteorological variability on fire exposure and the vulnerability of a region to fire ignition and expansion. While wet areas covered with herbaceous vegetation showed negative correlations with precipitation, some dry regions below 800 mm/year and mostly covered by shrublands, showed positive correlations with precipitation. These results reveal the two different roles of precipitation in a) the production of biomass fuel, and b) its subsequent availability for combustion.Conclusions: As fires and deforestation continue to expand in the South American Chaco while the evolving climate change increases the length of dry season and the frequency of extreme heat, there is an urgent need to conduct further studies in the area paying particular attention to the role and drivers of human fire ignition, combining environmental sciences with social sciences. Such research will help policy makers take action to preserve and protect the remaining forests and wetlands of the Chaco region.
Clinical application of serum CST4 combined with tumor markers in patients with digestive system malignancies
Authors: Zhou Dangui , Fan Xinyue , Xie Siqi , Lu Meiyi , Gao Lili , Zhang Ruyi , Zhu Mei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the application value of plasma human cysteine protease inhibitor S (CST4) in the diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors in our hospital.
Methods
Serum CST4, AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 were detected in 100 patients with digestive system malignant tumors and 100 patients with benign diseases.
Results
In the diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors, the sensitivity of CST4 was higher than that of other indicators, and the specificity of CA153 and AFP was higher than that of other indicators. CST4 combined with AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153, and CA724 did not reduce the specificity, and the sensitivity, accuracy, and positive likelihood ratio of the detection were significantly improved.
Conclusions
The CST4 assay is a promising diagnostic tool. At the same time, combining the existing tumor markers with comprehensive judgment can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors.
Arctic marine sediments reveal massive coastal permafrost erosion during the Bølling-Allerød warm period
Authors: Noormets Riko , Chauhan Teena , Mollenhauer Gesine , Hefter Jens , Grotheer Hendrik , Belt Simon , Colleoni Florence , Muschitiello Francesco , Pellegrini Claudio , Capotondi Lucilla , Tesi Tommaso , Nogarotto Alessio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Bølling-Allerød interstadial (14.7-12.9 kyr BP), during the last deglaciation, was characterized by rapid retreat of ice sheets and significant sea level rise (Meltwater Pulse 1A, MWP-1A; 14.7-14.3 kyr BP). Yet, the response of the terrestrial cryosphere during this period of abrupt climate change remains elusive. Here we present a multi-proxy analysis of a sediment record from the upper slope of the Svalbard continental margin that encompasses the last 30 kyr. We show that the Last Glacial Maximum was characterised by the deposition of bedrock material locally sourced by the Barents Sea Ice Sheet. Instead, during MWP-1A permafrost-derived material rich in biospheric carbon became the dominant source of sediments despite the lack of any direct connection with permafrost deposits. Our results suggest massive erosion of Yedoma permafrost deposits during abrupt sea level rise followed by long-range sea ice transport within the Transpolar Drift towards the Arctic Ocean gateway. Overall, we show how permafrost is susceptible to large-scale remobilization in a scenario of rapid warming and sea level rise.
Bio-efficacy of pre- and post-emergence herbicides alone and in combination against herbicide resistant Phalaris minor in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Singh Raghuveer , Yadav Dharam Bir , Hooda V S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Herbicide resistance in littleseed canary grass (Phalaris minorRetz.) in wheat is a major concern along with crop residue management, which puts the question mark on sustainable growth of rice-wheat (R-W) system in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains in long path. Crop rotation with integrated weed management is the best way to address or avert the herbicide resistance issues but due to cereal economics, cost and time bound obligations in dealing with weeds, farmers are still continuing with mono-cropping and relying on chemical weed control. Researchers were forced to think about herbicide rotation, by adopting the sequential or tank-mix applications of pre- and post-emergence herbicides. To evaluate the bio-efficacy of pre- and post-emergence herbicides alone and in combination againstPhalaris minorin wheat, a field experiment with 18 treatments was conducted on CCSHAU Regional Research Station, Karnal during therabiseasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Total seven herbicides three as pre-emergnce (pendimethalin, metribuzin and pyroxasulfone) and four as post-emergence (clodinafop, sulfosulfuron, pinoxaden and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron RM) along with hand weeding were evaluated as alone or in combination as sequential or tank mix. Contrary to farmers’ fields, recommended herbicides are still providing good control ofP. minorat Research Farm, however their efficacy is also getting down. Yield loss could be restored by using already recommended herbicides in combination with pre-emergence herbicide pendimethalin or metribuzin. Overall, metribuzin (PRE) followed by sulfosulfuron (POE) (175fb25 g ha− 1) was found to be the best treatment in terms of weed control efficiency (WCE), grain yield, gross return, net return and B-C ratio. Mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (ready-mix) alone and in combination with pre-emergence herbicides (metribuzin) also performed well against weeds (P. minoras well as broadleaf) but its consistency was poor. Pyroxasulfone was best herbicide againstP. minorwith complete control, but was not found that effective against broadleaf weeds mainlyMelilotusspp. and also caused crop phyto-toxicity at 128 g ha− 1but not that much pronounced at 105 g ha− 1.
Toxicity Effects of Lamiaceae, Geraniaceae, and Myrtaceae Essential Oils on Angoumois Grain Moth (Sitotrogacerealella) Female Adults
Authors: Ghoorchian Mojdeh , Rahmani Shima , Weisany Weria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The use of plant essential oils as eco-friendly and bio-rational insecticides has emerged as a promising alternative to hazardous fumigant pesticides for controlling stored product insect pests. This study investigated the vapor toxicity of essential oils obtained from the Lamiaceae, Geraniaceae, and Myrtaceae plant families against Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) female adults, commonly known as the Angoumois grain moth. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed Thymol (56.36%), Citronellol (39.7%), Eugenol (80.0%), and Carvacrol (42.28%) as the primary components in Thymus vulgaris, Pelargonium roseum, Syzygium aromaticum, and Satureja hortensis, respectively. Probit analysis and fiducial Limit (FL) calculations determined the 24-hour toxicity (LC50) of the essential oils diluted in acetone (10%), resulting in LC50 values of 20.125 (19.002–21.372), 14.193 (13.044–15.575), 14.189 (12.570-15.879), and 13.562 (11.978–15.323) µgL-1(air) for T. vulgaris, P. roseum, S. aromaticum, and S. hortensis, respectively. Additionally, sublethal effects were observed at LC25 during the first generation. The treatments significantly impacted oviposition (F4,10=81.93; P < 0.0001), egg hatchability (F4,10=23.49; P = 0.0001), survival rate of larvae-pupae (F4,10=259.86; P = 0.0001), and egg duration (F4,10=9.71; P = 0.0018), leading to decreased values in these parameters. The essential oils derived from these four plant species demonstrate remarkable potential as eco-friendly components in the management of S. cerealella. Their vapor toxicity and sublethal effects on female adults underscore their effectiveness as sustainable tools within integrated pest management strategies for stored product pest control.
International shipping in a world below 2oC
Authors: Müller-Casseres Eduardo , Leblanc Florian , Berg Maarten van den , Fragkos Panagiotis , Dessens Olivier , Naghash Hesam , Draeger Rebecca , Gallic Thomas Le , Tagomori Isabela S. , Tsiropoulos Ioannis , Emmerling Johannes , Baptista Luiz Bernardo , Vuuren Detlef van , Giannousakis Anastasis , Drouet Laurent , Portugal-Pereira Joana , de Boer Harmen Sytze , Tsanakas Nikolaos , Rochedo Pedro RR , Szklo Alexandre , Schaeffer Roberto 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

In recent years, the decarbonisation of international shipping has become an important policy goal. While Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) are often used to explore climate mitigation strategies, they typically provide little information on international shipping, which accounts for around 0.75 GtCO2/yr. Here, we perform the first multi-IAM analysis of international shipping, drawing on the results of six global models. Results indicate the need for decreasing emissions in the next decades, with reductions up to 88% in 2050. This is primarily achieved through the deployment of low-carbon fuels. Models that represent several potential low-carbon alternatives tend to show a deeper decarbonisation of international shipping, with drop-in biofuels, renewable alcohols and green ammonia standing out as the main substitutes of conventional maritime fuels.
Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on lung function after surgery under general anesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kashiwagi Shizuka , Mihara Takahiro , Yokoi Ayako , Yokoyama Chisaki , Nakajima Daisuke , Goto Takahisa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) protects organs from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recent trials showed that RIPC improved gas exchange in patients undergoing lung or cardiac surgery. We performed a systematic search to identify randomized controlled trials involving RIPC in surgery under general anesthesia. The primary outcome was the PaO2/FIO2 (P/F) ratio at 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes were A-a DO2, the respiratory index, duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation (MV), incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and serum cytokine levels. The analyses included 64 trials comprising 7232 patients. Patients with RIPC showed higher P/F ratio than controls (mean difference [MD] 36.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 12.8 to 60.4, I2=69%). The cause of heterogeneity was not identified by the subgroup analysis. Similarly, A-a DO2 (MD 15.2, 95% CI -29.7 to -0.6, I2=87%) and respiratory index (MD -0.17, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.01, I2=94%) were lower in the RIPC group. Additionally, the RIPC group was weaned from MV earlier (MD -1.0 hours, 95% CI -1.5 to -0.4, I2=78%). Furthermore, the incidence of ARDS was lower in the RIPC group (relative risk 0.73, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.89, I2=0%). Our meta-analysis suggested that RIPC improved oxygenation after surgery under general anesthesia.