bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological evidence of the protective effects of a synthetic chalcone against the striatal myelin damage induced by glutaric acid
Authors: Casanova Gabriela , Rosillo Juan Carlos , Jiménez Marcie , Fernández Anabel , Rodao Magela , Martínez Gaby , Isasi Eugenia , Presa Gau Nadia , Otero Gabriel , Cabrera Mauricio , Díaz‐Amarilla Pablo , Cerecetto Hugo , González Mercedes , Olivera‐Bravo Silvia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUltrastructural features of striatal white matter and cells in an in vivo model of glutaric acidemia type I created by intracerebral injection of glutaric acid (GA) were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. To test if the white matter damage observed in this model could be prevented, we administered the synthetic chemopreventive molecule CH38 ((E)‐3‐(4‐methylthiophenyl)‐1‐phenyl‐2‐propen‐1‐one) to newborn rats, previous to an intracerebroventricular injection of GA. The study was done when striatal myelination was incipient and when it was already established (at 12 and 45 days post‐injection [DPI], respectively). Results obtained indicate that that the ultrastructure of astrocytes and neurons did not appear significantly affected by the GA bolus. Instead, in oligodendrocytes, the most prominent GA‐dependent injury defects included endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and nuclear envelope swelling at 12 DPI. Altered and reduced immunoreactivities against heavy neurofilament (NF), proteolipid protein (PLP), and myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG) together with axonal bundle fragmentation and decreased myelin were also found at both ages analyzed. CH38 by itself did not affect striatal cells or axonal packages. However, the group of rats that received CH38 before GA did not show evidence neither of ER stress nor nuclear envelope dilation in oligodendrocytes, and axonal bundles appeared less fragmented. In this group, labeling of NF and PLP was similar to the controls. These results suggest that the CH38 molecule is a candidate drug to prevent or decrease the neural damage elicited by a pathological increase of GA in the brain. Optimization of the treatments and identification of the mechanisms underlying CH38 protective effects will open new therapeutic windows to protect myelin, which is a vulnerable target of numerous nervous system diseases.
Extracellular vesicles from the trematodes Fasciola hepatica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum trigger different responses in human THP‐1 macrophages
Authors: Sánchez‐López Christian M. , González‐Arce Aránzazu , Soler Carla , Ramírez‐Toledo Víctor , Trelis María , Bernal Dolores , Marcilla Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the helminths Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Fasciola hepatica are important modulators of the host immune response, contributing to the establishment of the infection. Monocytes and, in particular, macrophages are major regulators of the inflammatory response and are likely responsible for the phagocytosis of most of the parasite EVs. In this study, we isolated EVs from F. hepatica (FhEVs) and D. dendriticum (DdEVs) by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and characterized them by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy and LC‐MS/MS, and analyzed the cohort of proteins. The treatment of monocytes/macrophages with FhEVs, DdEVs or EV‐depleted fractions from SEC, demonstrated species‐specific effects of the EVs. In particular, FhEVs reduce the migratory capacity of monocytes and the analysis of the cytokine profile showed that they induce a mixed M1/M2 response, exerting anti‐inflammatory properties in Lipopolysaccharide‐activated macrophages. In contrast, DdEVs do not affect monocyte migration and seem to have pro‐inflammatory properties. These results correlate with the differences in the life cycle of both parasites, suggesting different host immune responses. Only F. hepatica migrates to the bile duct through the liver parenchyma, driving the host immune response to heal deep erosions. Furthermore, the proteomic analysis of the macrophages upon FhEV treatment identified several proteins that might be involved in FhEV‐macrophage interactions.
Genome and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Nakano Yukiko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF), the most common type of arrhythmia, can cause several adverse effects, such as stroke, heart failure, and cognitive dysfunction, also in addition to reducing quality of life and increasing mortality. Evidence suggests that AF is caused by a combination of genetic and clinical predispositions. In line with this, genetic studies on AF have progressed significantly through linkage studies, genome‐wide association studies, use of polygenic risk scores, and studies on rare coding variations, gradually elucidating the relationship between genes and the pathogenesis and prognosis of AF. This article will review current trends in genetic analysis concerning AF.
East Asian summer precipitation in AWI‐CM3: Comparison with observations and CMIP6 models
Authors: Shi Jian , Stepanek Christian , Sein Dmitry , Streffing Jan , Lohmann Gerrit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOwing to the complicated spatial–temporal characteristics of East Asian precipitation (EAP), climate models have limited skills in simulating the modern Asian climate. This consequently leads to large uncertainties in simulations of the past EAP variation and future projections. Here, we explore the performance of the newly developed Alfred Wegener Institute Climate Model, version 3 (AWI‐CM3) in simulating the climatological summer EAP. To test whether the model's skill depends on its atmosphere resolution, we design two AWI‐CM3 simulations with different horizontal resolutions. The result shows that both simulations have acceptable performance in simulating the summer mean EAP, generally better than the majority of individual models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). However, for the monthly EAP from June to August, AWI‐CM3 exhibits a decayed skill, which is due to the subseasonal movement of the western Pacific subtropical high bias. The higher‐resolution AWI‐CM3 simulation shows an overall improvement relative to the one performed at a relatively lower resolution in all aspects taken into account regarding the EAP. We conclude that AWI‐CM3 is a suitable tool for exploring the EAP for the observational period. Having verified the model's skill for modern climate, we suggest employing the AWI‐CM3, especially with high atmosphere resolution, both for applications in paleoclimate studies and future projections.
Vortragstitel Reformulierung von Lebensmitteln: Erste Ergebnisse der sensorischen Optimierung von natriumreduziertem Schnittkäse (Senopt‐Käse) anhand der Vorstufe Käsegeschmacksmatrix mit Hilfe von Salzsubstituten
Authors: Bartsch K. , Schrader K. , Kabisch J. , Fritsche J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEine Reduktion der Zufuhr von Natrium (Na), das meist als Natriumchlorid (NaCl, Kochsalz) aufgenommen wird, ist ein wesentlicher Faktor in der Prävention von Hypertonie und kardiovaskulären Krankheiten. Das Speisesalz ist aber nicht nur Geschmacksträger, sondern wirkt unmittelbar auf andere Zutaten und damit auf den Herstellungsprozess. Es wirkt als Barriere gegen pathogene und Verderbnis erregende Bakterien, kontrolliert die Aktivität der Starterkulturen und moduliert Nichtstarter‐Milchsäurebakterien (NSMSB) sowie die Mikrobiota. Ebenso beeinflusst es die Aktivität vieler Enzyme. Darüber hinaus kontrolliert es Synärese und Wassergehalt, Textur und funktionelle Eigenschaften der Käse. Um Na zu reduzieren, kann es daher nicht einfach weggelassen werden, sondern muss ab einer Reduktion von 10% mittels Salzaustauschstoffen substituiert werden.Ziel des aktuellen Projekts ist es, den Natriumgehalt von Schnittkäse um mindestens 30% zu senken, ohne dass sich die sensorischen Eigenschaften drastisch verändern.Um die Projektlaufzeit effektiver nutzen zu können, wurde die Auswirkungen einer NaCl‐Reduzierung auf einen nicht reifebedingten, bitteren oder anderen Fremdgeschmack mit Hilfe eines trainierten Panels zunächst in einer flüssigen Käsegeschmacksmatrix untersucht. Die Untersuchungen an der Käsegeschmacksmatrix zielen darauf ab, den Einfluss von kommerziell verfügbaren Mineralsalzsubstituten für NaCl auf die Ausprägung unerwünschter geschmacklicher Eigenschaften mit dem Fokus auf dem Attribut „bitter“ zu prüfen. Es wird erwartet, dass durch die Mineralsalze bedingte Veränderungen, die durch die Käsereifung noch verstärkt werden, schon im flüssigen Produkt vorliegen. Die flüssige Käsegeschmacksmatrix enthält die geschmacksaktiven Aminosäuren, organischen Säuren und Mineralstoffe in Konzentrationen, wie sie in Gouda‐Käse von Toelstede und Hofmann, 2008, bestimmt wurden. Wird der Natriumgehalt mit höherem Kaliumgehalt, stammend aus Kaliumchlorid um 30% gesenkt, fällt neben dem erwartungsgemäß weniger salzigen Geschmack ein erkennbar bitterer, metallischer Geschmack auf. Möglicherweise überdeckt oder unterdrückt ein höherer Kochsalzgehalt die Wahrnehmung von Bitterkeit. Daher wurden weitere auf dem Markt erhältliche Salzsubstitute getestet. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass beim Einsatz des Salzsubstitutes sub4salt50plus der Firma Jungbunzlauer in geeigneter Konzentration der Na Gehalt um knapp 30% gesenkt werden konnte, ohne Geschmack einzubüßen. Eine Übertragung der Ergebnisse auf das Zwischenprodukt Modellkäse mit Schnittkäse‐ähnlicher, halbfester Konsistenz und auf Schnittkäse nach Gouda Art hergestellt im Technikumsmaßstab ist noch ausstehend.
Electrically Functional Self‐Healing Polymers: Design, Assessment, and Progress
Authors: Geng Yuhao , Zhong Wei , Zhou Shuai , Yao Bowen , Fu Jiajun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelf‐healing is a natural characteristic observed in organisms capable of repairing themselves following mechanical damage. Inspired by this attractive feature, researchers have developed self‐healing polymers with various functionalities to create advanced self‐healing devices that offer substantially enhanced durability and longevity. This paper provides an overview of self‐healing polymers and their assessment methods, followed by the design strategy for electrically functional self‐healing polymers, with a particular focus on the latest research findings. Finally, the paper discusses future prospects and challenges in this field.
Critical metrics of the volume functional on three‐dimensional manifolds
Authors: He Huiya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we prove the three‐dimensional conjecture with nonnegative Ricci curvature. Moreover, we establish rigidity theorems for three‐dimensional compact, oriented, connected V‐static metrics with nonnegative Ricci curvature. Finally, we obtain classification results on three‐dimensional vacuum static space and Miao–Tam critical metric with nonnegative Ricci curvature.
Existence of the equivariant minimal model program for compact Kähler threefolds with the action of an abelian group of maximal rank
Authors: Zhong Guolei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLet X be a ‐factorial compact Kähler klt threefold admitting an action of a free abelian group G, which is of positive entropy and of maximal rank. After running the G‐equivariant log minimal model program, we show that such X is either rationally connected or bimeromorphic to a Q‐complex torus. In particular, we fix an issue in the proof of our previous paper [23, Theorem 1.3].
Synthesis of a New Poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐g‐Chitosan Amphiphilic Graft Copolymer with a “Reverse” Structure
Authors: Delorme Victor , David Ghislain , Dejean Stéphane , Mouton Julia , Garric Xavier , Coudane Jean , Van Den Berghe Hélène 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydrophilic chitosan (CHT) and hydrophobic polyε‐caprolactone (PCL) are well‐known biocompatible and biodegradable polymers that have many applications in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. But the mixtures of these two compounds are considered incompatible, which makes them not very interesting. To avoid this problem and to further extend the properties of these homopolymers, the synthesis of a new graft copolymer, the fully biodegradable amphiphilic poly(ε‐caprolactone‐g‐chitosan) (PCL‐g‐CHT) is described, with an unusual “reverse” structure formed by a PCL backbone with CHT grafts, unlike the “classic” CHT‐g‐PCL structure with a CHT main chain and PCL grafts. This copolymer is prepared via a copper‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition between propargylated PCL (PCL‐yne) and a new azido‐chitosan (CHT‐N3). In order to obtain an amphiphilic copolymer regardless of the pH, chitosan oligomers, soluble at any pH, are prepared and used. The amphiphilic PCL‐g‐CHT copolymer spontaneously self‐assembles in water into nanomicelles that may incorporate hydrophobic drugs to give novel drug delivery systems.
Sequential application of copy number variation sequencing and quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction in genetic analysis of miscarriage and stillbirth
Authors: Chen Quan , Zhang Hao , Li Xue , Li Junxing , Chen Huijuan , Liu Lin , Zhou Shijie , Xu Zhihong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCopy number variation sequencing (CNV‐seq) could detect most chromosomal abnormalities except polyploidy, and quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF‐PCR) is a supplementary method to CNV‐seq in triploid detection. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of sequential application of CNV‐seq and QF‐PCR in genetic analysis of miscarriage and stillbirth.MethodsA total of 261 fetal specimens were analyzed by CNV‐seq, and QF‐PCR was only further performed for samples with normal female karyotype identified by CNV‐seq. Cost and turnaround time (TAT) was analyzed for sequential detection strategy. Subgroup analysis and logistic regression were carried out to evaluate the relationship between clinical characteristics (maternal age, gestational age, and number of pregnancy losses) and the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities.ResultsAbnormal results were obtained in 120 of 261 (45.98%) cases. Aneuploidy was the most common abnormality (37.55%), followed by triploidy (4.98%) and pathogenic copy number variations (pCNVs) (3.45%). CNV‐seq could detect the triploidy with male karyotype, and QF‐PCR could further identify the remaining triploidy with female karyotype. In this study, we found more male triploidies than female triploidies. With the same ability in chromosomal abnormalities detection, the cost of sequential strategy decreased by 17.35% compared with combined strategy. In subgroup analysis, significant difference was found in the frequency of total chromosomal abnormalities between early abortion group and late abortion group. Results of logistic regression showed a trend that pregnant women with advanced age, first‐time abortion, and abortion earlier than 12 weeks were more likely to detect chromosomal aberrations in their products of conception.ConclusionSequential application of CNV‐seq and QF‐PCR is an economic and practical strategy to identify chromosomal abnormalities in fetal tissue.
The Incorporation of Curcuminoids in Gamma‐Cyclodextrins Improves Their Poor Bioaccessibility, Which Is due to Both Their Very Low Incorporation into Mixed Micelles and Their Partial Adsorption on Food
Authors: Borel Patrick , Hammaz Faiza , Lecourt Lucie , Marconot Grégory , Gillet Guillian , Rozier Camille , Desmarchelier Charles 
Published: April 2023

ScopeTurmeric curcuminoids mainly consist of curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (dCUR), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (bdCUR). CUR displays low bioavailability, partly due to poor solubilization in the intestinal lumen during digestion, while data for dCUR and bdCUR are scarce. The study aims to investigate the bioaccessibility of curcuminoids from turmeric extracts or from gamma‐cyclodextrins, considering potential interactions with food.Methods and resultsUsing an in vitro digestion model (correlation with CUR bioavailability: r = 0.99), the study shows that curcuminoid bioaccessibility from turmeric extract without food is low: bdCUR (11.5 ± 0.6%) > dCUR (1.8 ± 0.1%) > CUR (0.8 ± 0.1%). Curcuminoids incorporated into gamma‐cyclodextrins display higher bioaccessibilities (bdCUR: 21.1 ± 1.6%; dCUR: 14.3 ± 0.9%; CUR: 11.9 ± 0.7%). Curcuminoid bioaccessibility is highest without food (turmeric extract: 2.0 ± 0.1%; gamma‐cyclodextrins: 12.4 ± 0.8%) and decreases with a meat‐ and potato‐based meal (turmeric extract: 1.1 ± 0.2%; gamma‐cyclodextrins: 2.4 ± 0.3%) or a wheat‐based meal (turmeric extract: 0.1 ± 0.0%; gamma‐cyclodextrins: 0.3 ± 0.1%). Curcuminoids exhibit low (<10%) incorporation efficiencies into synthetic mixed micelles (bdCUR > dCUR > CUR).ConclusionsbdCUR and dCUR show greater bioaccessibilities versus CUR. Food diminishes curcuminoid bioaccessibility, likely by adsorption mechanisms. Gamma‐cyclodextrins improve curcuminoid bioaccessibility.
Analysis of atmospheric turbulence and vibration impact on the performance of satellite–ground laser communication beam
Authors: Xia Fangyuan , Wang Bo , Zhang Furui , Zhang Guoting , Zhang Ruoyu , Zhang Jianhua , Wu Jian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith satellite laser communication, advantages can be achieved in high communication rate, precise beam pointing, high confidentiality, and light‐small terminal. Satellite–ground (SG) laser links also play a crucial role as trunk links. However, the SG link is influenced by atmospheric turbulence and platform vibration, these two factors will cause unstable link tracking. This paper focuses on the viewpoint of beam energy transmission, using the low‐frequency harmonic phase compensating method to establish the random phase screen. On the basis of this model, the laser beam energy distribution and the spot mass positioning error are analyzed considering turbulence taking vibration which is not considered in previous studies. The simulation results show that the spot mass center (SMC) is impressionable in strong turbulence under platform vibration, but in a weak turbulent environment, SMC is insensitive to vibration when turbulence and vibration are at the same noise level.
Accelerated submillimeter wave‐encoded magnetic resonance imaging via deep untrained neural network
Authors: Liu Congcong , Cui Zhuo‐Xu , Jia Sen , Cheng Jing , Cao Chentao , Guo Yifan , Zhu Yanjie , Liang Dong , Wang Haifeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWave gradient encoding can adequately utilize coil sensitivity profiles to facilitate higher accelerations in parallel magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI). However, there are limitations in mainstream pMRI and a few deep learning (DL) methods for recovering missing data under wave encoding framework: the former is prone to introduce errors from the auto‐calibration signals (ACS) signal acquisition and is time‐consuming, while the latter requires a large amount of training data.PurposeTo tackle the above issues, an untrained neural network (UNN) model incorporating wave‐encoded physical properties and deep generative model, named WDGM, was proposed with additional ACS‐ and training data‐free.MethodsGenerally, the proposed method can provide powerful missing data interpolation capability using the wave physical encoding framework and designed UNN to characterize the MR image (k‐space data) priors. Specifically, the MRI reconstruction combining physical wave encoding and elaborate UNN is modeled as a generalized minimization problem. The designation of UNN is driven by the coil sensitivity maps (CSM) smoothness and k‐space linear predictability. And then, the iterative paradigm to recover the full k‐space signal is determined by the projected gradient descent, and the complex computation is unrolled to the network with optimized parameters by the optimizer. Simulated wave encoding and in vivo experiments are exploited to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The best quantitative metrics RMSE/SSIM/PSNR of 0.0413, 0.9514, and 37.4862 gave competitive results in all experiments with at least six‐fold acceleration, respectively.ResultsIn vivo experiments of human brains and knees showed that the proposed method can achieve comparable reconstruction quality and even has superiority relative to the comparison, especially at a high resolution of 0.67 mm and fewer ACS. In addition, the proposed method has a higher computational efficiency achieving a computation time of 9.6 s/per slice.ConclusionsThe model proposed in this work addresses two limitations of MRI reconstruction in the wave encoding framework. The first is to eliminate the need for ACS signal acquisition to perform the time‐consuming calibration process and to avoid errors such as motion during the acquisition procedure. Furthermore, the proposed method has clinical application friendly without the need to prepare large training datasets, which is difficult in the clinical. All results of the proposed method demonstrate more confidence in both quantitative and qualitative metrics. In addition, the proposed method can achieve higher computational efficiency.
Neuromuscular ultrasound standardized scanning techniques and protocols: Expert panel recommendations
Authors: Tawfik Eman A. , Cartwright Michael S. , van Alfen Nens , Axer Hubertus , Boon Andrea J. , Crump Nicholas , Grimm Alexander , Hobson‐Webb Lisa D. , Kerasnoudis Antonios , Mandeville Ross , Preston David C. , Sakamuri Sarada , Shahrizaila Nortina , Shin Susan , Shook Steven J. , Wilder‐Smith Einar , Walker Francis O. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeuromuscular ultrasound has become an integral part of the diagnostic workup of neuromuscular disorders at many centers. Despite its growing utility, uniform standard scanning techniques do not currently exist. Scanning approaches for similar diseases vary in the literature creating heterogeneity in the studies as reported in several meta‐analysis. Moreover, neuromuscular ultrasound experts including the group in this study have different views with regards to technical aspects, scanning protocols, and the parameters that should be assessed. Establishing standardized neuromuscular scanning protocols is essential for the development of the subspeciality to ensure uniform clinical and research practices. Therefore, we aimed to recommend consensus‐based standardized scanning techniques and protocols for common neuromuscular disorders using the Delphi approach. A panel of 17 experts participated in the study, which consisted of three consecutive electronic surveys. The first survey included voting on six scanning protocols addressing the general scanning technique and five common categories of suspected neuromuscular disorders. The subsequent surveys focused on refining the protocols and voting on new steps, rephrased statements, or areas of non‐agreement. A high degree of consensus was achieved on the general neuromuscular ultrasound scanning technique and the scanning protocols for focal mononeuropathies, brachial plexopathies, polyneuropathies, amyotophic lateral sclerosis, and muscle diseases. In this study, a group of neuromuscular ultrasound experts developed six consensus‐based neuromuscular ultrasound scanning protocols that may serve as references for clinicians and researchers. The standardized protocols could also aid in achieving high‐quality uniform neuromuscular ultrasound practices.
Bilateral pneumothorax in combination therapy with cetuximab for oral cancer with no lung metastasis: A case report
Authors: Ehara Yuichi , Motohashi Masayuki , Naganawa Koshuke , Ukai Akira , Taniguchi Takuya , Muramatsu Yasunori 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn oral cancer, several patients with lung metastasis have been reported to develop a pneumothorax. We recently experienced two cases of pneumothorax during combination therapy with cetuximab (Cmab‐therapy) for oral SCC with no lung metastasis.Case presentationTwo cases were found to have bilateral pneumothoraces during Cmab‐therapy for postoperative recurrence of oral SCC. In both cases, a bulla presented at the apices of the lungs, confirmed by CT scan images taken before the combination therapy.ConclusionWe suggest the importance of assessing for bulla formation at the lung apex and pneumothorax prophylaxis before starting Cmab‐therapy.