bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monte-Carlo-based dynamic air–water cross-media channel for continuous-variable quantum key distribution
Authors: Yun Sijie , Wu Hao , Ren Sian , Ruan Xinzhao , Zhang Hang , Guo Ying 
Published: September 2023

Cross-media and confidentiality are key features of next-generation optical communications. Quantum communication is regarded as a promising new form of secure communication. However, the cross-media transmission of quantum pulses tends to suffer from severe attenuation, which inevitably degrades the security of the whole system. In this paper, we consider the configuration of the continuous-variable quantum key distribution through an air–water cross-media channel that involves the lower-atmospheric channel, the underwater channel, and the air–water interface. We consider the effect of air bubbles in seawater, and the effect of the dynamic air–water interface as well. In particular, dynamic characteristics of light extinction and fluctuations caused by seawater and bubbles have been demonstrated with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Based on this MC-based model, we demonstrate the communication viability, and simulation results show that in clear seawater conditions with a wind speed of 5 m/s and a zenith angle of 15°, the receiver is able to achieve an effective secret key rate (10−4 bits/pulse) even at 9.71 m depth. Smaller zenith angles and lower wind speeds contribute to an increase in the interface secret key rate.
Detection limit improvement for a gas concentration measurement system using space-domain active fiber cavity ring-down sensing technology
Authors: He Jie , Cheng Chunfu , Ou Yiwen , Xie Zuozhun , Wu Zhihong , Deng Bo , Liu Wei , Yang Shuwen 
Published: September 2023

Trace gas sensors have received extensive attention and have become particularly attractive for applications in toxic gas detection, medical diagnostics, pollution monitoring, industrial emission measurement, and so on. However, it is still a critical challenge for gas sensors to simultaneously achieve high sensitivity and low detection limits while performing well in stability. Here, a space-domain active fiber cavity ring-down (FCRD) gas sensing technique was proposed to develop a high-performance gas sensor. Taking advantage of the active FCRD sensing technique and frequency-shifted interferometry, the proposed gas sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 1.122km−1/%. Importantly, introducing a bidirectional EDFA into the fiber cavity further enhances the light–gas interaction, resulting in a low detection limit of 55 ppm, which is much lower than that of most reported gas sensors. Moreover, a good stability of 0.58% can be achieved due to the combined effect of the proposed technology using differential detection to eliminate DC noise, as well as common-path interference to eliminate common-mode noise and the use of continuous light to stabilize the optical power in the fiber cavity for suppressing the gain fluctuations of EDFA.
Socioenvironmental determinants as indicators of plague risk in the central highlands of Madagascar: Experience of Ambositra and Tsiroanomandidy districts
Authors: Rakotosamimanana Sitraka , Taglioni François , Ravaoarimanga Masiarivony , Rajerison Minoarisoa Esther , Rakotomanana Fanjasoa 
Published: September 2023

Background
Human plague cases are reported annually in the central highland regions of Madagascar, where the disease is endemic. The socioenvironmental characteristics and lifestyles of the populations of the central highland localities could be linked to this endemicity. The aim of this study was to determine socioenvironmental determinants that may be associated with plague risk and explain this variation in epidemiological contexts.

Methods
The current study was based on the distribution of plague cases between 2006 and 2015 that occurred in localities of districts positioned in the central highlands. Household surveys were performed from June to August 2017 using a questionnaire and direct observations on the socioenvironmental aspects of households in selected localities. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to highlight the socioenvironmental parameters associated with plague risk in both districts.

Results
A total of 503 households were surveyed, of which 54.9% (276/503) were in Ambositra and 45.1% (227/503) were in Tsiroanomandidy. Multivariate analyses showed that thatched roofs [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.63; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.78–3.88] and ground floor houses [AOR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.3–3.45-] were significantly associated with the vulnerability of a household to plague risk (p value<0.05).

Conclusions
Plague risk in two districts of the Malagasy central highlands is associated with human socioenvironmental characteristics. Socioenvironmental characteristics are parameters expressing spatial heterogeneity through the difference in epidemiological expression of the plague in Ambositra and Tsiroanomandidy. These characteristics could be used as indicators of vulnerability to plague risk in plague-endemic areas.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of dog owners to rabies disease in Kahama town council, Shinyanga region, Tanzania
Authors: Iddi Shabani , Mlenga Farida , Hamasaki Kayo , Mwita Stanley , Konje Eveline 
Published: September 2023

Background
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease of significant public health importance. Domestic dogs are the main reservoir and transmitter of this disease, particularly in developing countries. Community awareness about rabies is one of the key components of prevention. This study describes the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about rabies disease among dog owners at Kahama town council, Shinyanga Region, Tanzania.

Methodology
This was a cross sectional community-based study which was done in May 2021. Structured questionnaires were administered to collect the data among 422 dog owners. The information collected included demographic characteristics of the dog owners, as well as their knowledge, attitude and practice towards rabies. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20.

Results
Out of 422 respondents, 421 (99.76%) knew that rabies can be transmitted by dogs, 384 (91%) knew that rabies can be prevented by vaccination of dogs, 269 (63.74%) knew the symptoms and signs, and 379 (89.81%) believed that it was necessary to vaccinate all owned dogs, but 227 (53.79%) had not vaccinated their dogs. Education level (p = 0.006) and occupation (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with a positive attitude, whereby those with a higher level of education and farmers were more likely to have a positive attitude. Also there was statistically significant association between gender (p = 0.038), marital status (p < 0.001) occupation (p < 0.001), education level (p = 0.006) and the practices of the respondents in the community whereby majority of male, unmarried dog owner who are farmer with primary education level had lower practice score.

Conclusion
This study concludes that respondents had good knowledge, a relatively good attitude, and poor practice towards rabies prevention and control. Rabies awareness with an emphasis on the importance of vaccination as well as vaccination campaigns should, therefore, be intensified, especially among the least educated dog owners.
The combination of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio improves accuracy of neonatal sepsis diagnosis
Authors: Wilar Rocky , Koesmarsono Beatrice , Gunawan Stefanus 
Published: September 2023

Background Neonatal sepsis remains a challenging issue, due to sophisticated and time consuming tests needed to confirm a diagnosis.
Objective To assess the applicability of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as diagnostic markers in neonatal sepsis.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neonatology Ward of Kandou General Hospital, Manado, North Sulawesi. Neonates with suspected sepsis were included by consecutive sampling. We measured NLR and PLR form hematology profiles and differential count. Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis was based on positive blood cultures. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was done to assess the NLR and PLR cut-off points. Chi-square test was used to analyze the diagnostic value of NLR and PLR.
Results A total of 176 full term neonates with suspected sepsis were included in the study. Of these, 84 (47.7%) subjects were confirmed with neonatal sepsis and 92 (52.3%) were non-sepsis. The mean NLRs were 5.9 (95%CI 2.0 to 13.6) in the sepsis group and 1.6 (95%CI 0.2 to 3.2) in the non-sepsis group. A NLR of 3.0 was determined as the predictive cut-off value of neonatal sepsis (sensitivity 94%, speci?city 97.8%, and area under the ROC curve 0.995). NLR can effects on neonatal sepsis diagnosis by 61% . The mean PLRs were 79.9 (95%CI 44.0 to 155.8) in the sepsis group and 44.0 (95%CI 9.7 to 91.8) in the non-sepsis group. A PLR of 60.4 was determined as the predictive cut-off value of neonatal sepsis (sensitivity 86.9%, speci?city 87%, area under ROC curve 0.928). PLR can effects on neonatal sepsis diagnosis by 47.5%. When NLR and PLR were combined, they can improve accuracy of neonatal sepsis diagnosis about 72.2%.
Conclusion Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can be used in combination as adjunct diagnostic tests for neonatal sepsis workups.
Non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis B by transient elastography
Authors: Munmun Sayma Rahman , Rukunuzzaman Mohammad , Mazumder Mohammad Wahiduzzaman , Yadav Archana Shrestha , Nahar Luthfun , Benzamin Mohammad , Karim Abu Sayed Mohammad Bazlul 
Published: September 2023

Background Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is one of the most alarming global health problems. Children with CHB mostly remain asymptomatic but serious sequelae like cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma may develop at any age. Liver biopsy, despite being the gold standard, is not preferable for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis because it is invasive and painful. Transient elastography, a noninvasive marker for fibrosis, could play an important role in this disease.
Objective To observe the role of transient elastography in the assessment of the progression of liver damage in children with chronic hepatitis B.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at The Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were a total of 55 cases of CHB. Besides proper clinical history, physical examination, and initial investigation, transient elastography was performed in all of the cases. Liver biopsy was taken in 20 patients with raised serum ALT level after taking proper consent. Elastographic findings were compared with clinical, biochemical, virological, and histological findings.
Results The mean age was 11.46 (SD 3.6) years and 68.7% were male. Most (65.4%) of the patients were asymptomatic at presentation and biochemically normal. Liver stiffness measurements had positive but insignificant correlation with liver biopsy (r=0.43, P=0.06). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, diagnostic accuracy for transient elastography were 80%, 53.3%, 36.3%, 88%, and 60% respectively. Areas under the ROC curve were 0.76 (95%CI 0.47 to 1.0) for patients with significant fibrosis (F? 2). Using a cut off value of 8.05 kPa, patients with significant fibrosis were detected with a sensitivity, specificity of 80% and 53%, respectively.
Findings of transient elastography were significantly associated with clinical findings like anaemia, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, stigmata of CLD and biochemical findings like serum ALT, AST as well as virological parameters.
Conclusion Transient elastography has a limited role in confirming a diagnosis of significant fibrosis. But because of good sensitivity, transient elastography can be used as an initial presumptive diagnostic tool for assessing significant hepatic fibrosis. A cut off value of less than 8.05 in transient elastography can be used for exclusion of significant fibrosis.
The effects of large-scale social restriction during the covid-19 pandemic on glycemic control and occurrence of complications in children with type-1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Effendy Sahara , Wandita Setya , Julia Madarina 
Published: September 2023

Background The global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in a national large-scale social restriction (LSSR) to limit the spread of the virus.
Objective To determine the impacts of LSSR on glycemic controls and the occurrence of complications in type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children.
Methods A retrospective longitudinal study was carried out in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Subjects were 0-18 years old T1DM patients diagnosed before the LSSR with at least six months of disease. Data on demographics, T1DM status, HbA1c level, and complications pre-LSSR, and during LSSR were taken from medical records. Paired T-tests were used to assess the difference in HbA1c level between the two-time points
Results: We included information on 21 children based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their median (range) age was 13.9 (1.42-17.3) years, with a median (range) diabetes duration of 2.6 (0.0-10.92) years. Glycemic control improved in 76% of the children. The mean HbA1c before and during LSSR was 10.9 (SD 2.7) and. 9.7 (SD 2.3), respectively; P<0.05. The glycemic control was not associated with sex, age, duration of diabetes, travel time to the clinic, or a total daily insulin dose. There was also no significant difference in the occurrence of complications.
Conclusion Despite limitations during LSSR, glycemic control improved in most patients with T1DM. This might be related to improved health awareness during the pandemic, more regular meals, and better parental control.
The Transmedial Knights of the Round Table: Character-Based Worldbuilding in the Manuscripts of Chrétien de Troyes
Authors: Watt Caitlin G. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The five Arthurian romances of Chrétien de Troyes were hugely influential in establishing King Arthur’s world as one that could easily expand to include the adventures of a seemingly endless group of chivalric heroes. Chrétien’s use of character details to connect his romances and suggest a shared fictional world inspired other romance writers as well as medieval translators, illustrators, and manuscript copyists and compilers. The result was a multimedia Arthurian universe akin to the modern narratological concept of the transmedial storyworld. This storyworld relied on the recognisability of the Arthurian knights as characters and existed in many different forms across written and visual media, including the unique combinations of text and image that appear in different manuscript witnesses of Chrétien’s romances. Emphasising the utility of both individual manuscripts and modern narratology, this article investigates three manuscripts that contain romances by Chrétien: Paris, BNF fr. 1450, Paris, BNF fr. 1433, and Montpellier, Bibliothèque interuniversitaire, H 249. Through examining the distinct arrangement, editing, and decorative choices in these manuscripts, I argue that they illustrate the potential of character as a means of worldbuilding, not only for medieval authors but also for other creators and audiences.
Coupled harmonic oscillators model with two connected point masses for application in photo-induced force microscopy
Authors: Jahng Junghoon , Lee Eun Seong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To comprehensively describe the operation of photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM), we have developed a model based on coupled harmonic oscillators. This model features two point masses connected by massless elastic wires, offering greater intuitiveness compared to existing PiFM models. It simplifies these models into a unified theoretical framework. By solving the equations of motion using adjusted oscillator parameters, we have successfully replicated all dynamic features from previous theories. These features include resonance frequencies and shapes of eigenmodes, as well as the responses to various external forces in the two PiFM modes: direct coupling and sideband coupling. Furthermore, by integrating our model with a recently developed photo-induced thermal expansion force model, which covers both tip-enhanced and global expansions, we have managed to uncover the underlying physical mechanism responsible for the unique signal behaviors observed in sideband coupling mode, where the signal plot, as a function of sample thickness, unexpectedly exhibits a peak followed by a valley, rather than a proportionally increasing signal. Our study has the potential to enhance the comprehension of various other physical phenomena associated with PiFM in the future.
Performance and mechanism of CO2 reduction by DBD-coupled mesoporous SiO2
Authors: Wang Jiangming , Yang Yongshi , Yu Jinxin , Ye Zhongzhou , Li Zhen , Ye Zhaolian , Zhao Songjian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the process of CO2 reduction with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)-coupled catalysis, the existing material presents unsatisfactory synergy, such as high cost, complicated preparation processes, and low conversion rates. An inexpensive and environmentally friendly mesoporous SiO2 with different morphologies by gel–sol method was synthesized and then introduced for synergistic conversion of CO2 with DBD. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized mesoporous SiO2 materials were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, indicated the prepared mesoporous materials manifested large specific surface areas, ordered pore channels and pore size, and good stability. The CO2 reduction performance, CO selectivity, and energy efficiency of DBD alone and DBD-coupled mesoporous SiO2 were investigated at different input powers. The SiO2 prepared with 1.05 g cetyltrimethylammonium bromide addition had the highest activity, in which the conversion of CO2, CO yield and energy efficiency were increased by 56.73, 68.41, and 122.31%, respectively, compared with DBD alone. The primary CO2 conversion mechanism of the mesoporous SiO2-coupled DBD was analyzed. It is shown that the suitable pore capacity structure, the large specific surface area, and the presence of filament discharge within the pore size of suitable mesoporous material can promote the decomposition of CO2 on its surface.
Geschlechterdifferenzen in Public Mental Health während COVID-19
Authors: Tibubos Ana N. 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zu Coronazeiten war die Aufrechterhaltung von psychischer Gesundheit ein bedeutendes Thema, was sich in zahlreichen wissenschaftlichen Studien niederschlug. Geschlechterdifferenzierte Analysen zeigten, dass Frauen auch während der COVID-19-Pandemie stärker von internalisierenden Störungen wie Angst und Depression betroffen waren. Die Untersuchung von externalisierenden Störungen sowie die Betrachtung der psychischen Gesundheit von Mädchen und Jungen fanden erst nachgelagert Beachtung.
Psychische Gesundheit der Studierenden aus Sicht der Akteure – Experteninterviews an der Universität Kassel
Authors: Arnold Julia , Hollederer Alfons 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungStudierende sind durch die Coronapandemie vermehrt von psychischen Belastungen betroffen. Leitfadeninterviews untersuchten im Sommer 2022 die Situation und Bedarfslage Studierender aus Sicht der gesundheitsfördernden Akteure der Universität Kassel. Neben der Entstigmatisierung psychischer Erkrankungen und einem studentischen Gesundheitsmanagement empfiehlt sich die Sensibilisierung für psychische Gesundheit in der Lebenswelt Hochschule und der Ausbau ressourcenfördernder Angebote.
Verhaltens- und Verhältnisprävention zum Erhalt der kognitiven Gesundheit im Alter – Eine Public Mental Health Priorität in alternden Gesellschaften
Authors: Zülke Andrea , Luppa Melanie , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Prävalenz von Demenzen nimmt zu. Lebensstilinterventionen, die das Risiko für Demenzen reduzieren, stellen einen vielversprechenden Ansatz für den Erhalt der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit in älteren Risikopopulationen dar. Neben diesen verhaltenspräventiven Maßnahmen für Risikogruppen sind Public Mental Health-Strategien und Ansätze der Verhältnisprävention nötig, um das Potenzial für die Prävention von Demenzen bestmöglich zu nutzen und die gesamte Bevölkerung zu erreichen.
Einsamkeit, soziale Isolation und psychische Gesundheit
Authors: Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Menschen sind soziale Wesen. Einsamkeit und soziale Isolation erweisen sich deshalb als Stressoren und haben schwerwiegende Folgen für die körperliche und psychische Gesundheit. Daten aus der Vor-Corona-Ära zeigen, dass ungefähr 10% der Deutschen einsam sind. In der Pandemie ist diese Zahl gestiegen. Es gibt zahlreiche Interventionsansätze auf verschiedenen Ebenen. Soziale Isolation und Einsamkeit haben enorme Public Health-Relevanz, die bisher unterschätzt wurde.
Psychische Gesundheit via Mood-Tracking?
Authors: Scherenberg Viviane 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Gesundheits-Apps mit Mood-Tracking-Funktionen ermöglicht gesunden und erkrankten Menschen ihre emotionalen Stimmungen in Echtzeit zu reflektieren. Mood-Tracking bietet daher ein großes Potenzial zur Verbesserung der psychischen Gesundheit der Bevölkerung. Nicht nur die enorme Heterogenität der App-Funktionalitäten, inkl. der Zielsetzung und Zielgruppen der Apps, sondern auch die angewandten Studiendesigns, erschweren die Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit und erfordern eine differenzierte Betrachtung.
Spätfolgen der COVID-19-Pandemie bei Mitarbeitenden im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst
Authors: Tessarek Kristin 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Corona-Pandemie betrifft die gesamte Bevölkerung, sämtliche Gesellschaftsschichten, die Gesundheitsberufe wie auch die Arbeitslosen. Es wird viel geforscht zu kurz- und langfristigen Folgen durch die COVID-19-Pandemie in verschiedenen Teilen der Gesellschaft. Hierbei wurden spezielle Berufsgruppen, vor allem die aus dem Gesundheitssektor, näher betrachtet. In der Corona-Pandemie hat der Öffentliche Gesundheitsdienst an Bedeutung und an Präsenz in der Bevölkerung zugenommen. Doch diese Berufsgruppe wurde in der bisherigen Forschung nicht berücksichtigt. Dabei erleiden viele Mitarbeitende im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst gesundheitliche Spätfolgen der pandemischen Phase.
Strukturreform in der ambulanten psychotherapeutischen Versorgung
Authors: Kampling Hanna , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Hartmann Mechthild , Heuft Gereon , Kruse Johannes 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Mit dem Ziel einer verbesserten psychotherapeutischen Versorgung erfolgte im Jahr 2017 eine Strukturreform der Psychotherapie-Richtlinie. Ziel des ES-RiP-Projektes („Evaluation der Strukturreform der Richtlinien-Psychotherapie – Vergleich von komplex und nicht-komplex erkrankten Patienten“) war eine Evaluation der Reform. Die neuen Strukturelemente fanden Eingang in die Versorgung, werden aber sehr heterogen in der psychotherapeutischen Praxis realisiert. Die unterversorgte Risiko-Gruppe der Patient:innen mit psychischer Störung und gleichzeitig vorliegender chronischer, körperlicher Erkrankung wurde jedoch kaum besser erreicht als vor der Reform.