bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring biomarkers in routine diagnostics for the risk stratification of older patients in the Chest Pain Unit: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kunz Anna Lisa , Schönstein Anton , Bahrmann Philipp , Giannitsis Evangelos , Wahl Hans-Werner , Katus Hugo A , Frey Norbert , Bahrmann Anke 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to estimate the association of the often, in daily clinical practice, used biological age-related biomarkers high-sensitivity troponin-T (hs-TnT), C reactive protein (CRP) and haemoglobin (Hb) with all-cause mortality for the purpose of older patient’s risk stratification in the emergency department (ED).DesignExploratory, prospective cohort study with a follow-up at 2.5 years after recruitment started. For the predictors, data from the hospital files including the routinely applied biological age-related biomarkers hs-TnT, CRP and Hb were supplemented by a questionnaire.SettingA cardiological ED, Chest Pain Unit, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.ParticipantsN=256 cardiological ED patients with a minimum age of 70 years and the capability to informed consent.Primary outcome measuresThe primary outcome of this study was all-cause mortality which was assessed by requesting registry office information.ResultsAmong N=256 patients 63 died over the follow-up period. Positive results in each of the three biomarkers alone as well as the combination were associated with increased all-cause mortality at follow-up. The number of positive age-related biomarkers appeared to be strongly indicative of the risk of mortality, even when controlled for major confounders (age, sex, body mass index, creatinine clearance and comorbidity).ConclusionsIn older ED patients, biomarkers explicitly related to biological ageing processes such as hs-TnT, CRP and Hb were to a certain degree independently of each other as well as combined associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Thus, they may have the potential to be used to supplement the general risk stratification of older patients in the ED. Validation of the results in a large dataset is needed.
Safety and efficacy of long-acting intramuscular cabotegravir and rilpivirine in adults with HIV-1 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Wu Yuan-ni , Yu Hai , Lu Lianfeng , Li Xiaodi , Liu Xiaosheng , Cao Wei , Li Taisheng 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundCurrent antiretroviral regimens have, for the most part, achieved optimal antiretroviral efficacy and tolerability, transforming HIV infection from a deadly disease into a manageable chronic condition. However, adherence to daily oral drug intake remains an issue, as it is the most important determinant for sustained viral suppression and prevention of the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains. The long-acting injection antiretroviral cabotegravir and rilpivirine combination, a novel drug delivery approach, is about to revolutionise the therapy for people living with HIV. In this protocol, we aim to generate a clinically useful summary of the interventions based on their efficacy.Methods and analysisWe searched the literature for eligible studies published from inception up to 16 August 2022 through PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and ClinicalTrials.gov. Two methodologically trained researchers will select the qualified studies for data extraction independently. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used to assess the risk of bias in included studies. Statistical heterogeneity will be computed by Cochrane X2and I2tests. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to evaluate the stability of the results. Publication biases will be evaluated by Begg’s and Egger’s tests. The quality of evidence will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. The RevMan V.5.3 and Stata V.14.0 software will be applied for statistical analyses.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required for this systematic review because the data used are not linked to the individual patient. The results of this review will be disseminated by being published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022310414
Measures used to assess interventions for increasing patient involvement in Danish healthcare setting: a rapid review
Authors: Toft Bente Skovsby , Rodkjaer Lotte , Andersen Anne Bendix , de Thurah Annette , Nielsen Berit , Nielsen Camilla Palmhøj , Hørlück Jens Thusgård , Kallestrup Lisbeth , Schougaard Liv Marit Valen , Ludvigsen Mette Spliid , Hoybye Mette Terp , Ellegaard Trine , Bekker Hilary 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo identify measures used within Denmark evaluating any type of intervention designed to facilitate patient involvement in healthcare.DesignEnvironmental scan employing rapid review methods.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PsycInfo and CINAHL were searched from 6–9 April 2021 from database inception up to the date of the search.Eligibility criteriaQuantitative, observational and mixed methods studies with empirical data on outcomes used to assess any type of intervention aiming to increase patient involvement with their healthcare. Language limitations were Danish and English.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data from 10% of the included studies and, due to their agreement, the data from the rest were extracted by first author. Data were analysed with reference to existing categories of measuring person-centred care; findings were synthesised using narrative summaries. Adapted Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines were used to guide reporting.ResultsAmong 3767 records, 43 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 74 different measures used to evaluate interventions aimed at increasing patient involvement within healthcare in Danish hospital and community settings. Generic measures assessed: patient engagement (n=3); supporting self-management (n=8); supporting shared decision-making (n=9); patient satisfaction and experiences of care (n=11); health-related patient-reported outcome (n=20).ConclusionsAcross Denmark, complex interventions designed to improve patient involvement with healthcare vary in their goals and content. Some targeting healthcare professionals, some patient health literacy and some service infrastructure. A plethora of measures assess the impact of these interventions on patient, professional and service delivery outcomes. Few measures assessed patient involvement directly, and it is unclear which proxy measures capture indicators of perceived involvement. Lack of conceptual clarity between intervention goals, the components of change and measures makes it difficult to see what types of intervention can best support change in services to ensure patients are more effectively involved in their healthcare.
Ageing workers’ mental health during COVID-19: a multilevel observational study on the association with the work environment, perceived workplace safety and individual factors
Authors: Rinsky-Halivni Lilah , Brammli-Greenberg Shuli , Christiani David C 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThe stress and anxiety associated with the predisposition of ageing workers to severe COVID-19 illness, once occupationally infected, jeopardise their mental health. This study aimed to investigate the association between individual level, work environment exposure factors and perceived workplace safety with a decline in mental health of ageing workers from different industry sectors.DesignObservational study, prevalence assessment of survey added to longitudinal cohort data.SettingThe Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) from 27 countries in Europe and Israel participating in the COVID-19 survey (summer 2020) and having prepandemic waves’ SHARE data.ParticipantsWorkers aged 50–70 (n=6449) who attended their workplaces at least partially after the pandemic broke out.Primary outcome measurePerceived decline in mental health compared with preoutbreak status.ResultsMultilevel analyses demonstrated that 24.5% (95% CI 23.5% to 25.5%) of ageing workers in Europe experienced mental health decline associated with national-level self-reported COVID-19 burden. Workplace safety perception was the strongest predictor, as each one-point increase in unsafe perception was associated with 60% of mental health decline (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.47 to 1.74), explaining 30% of increased reported mental health symptoms of ageing workers. Safety perception mediates the mental health outcomes of the work environment, such as workplace contagion risk and work location. Female gender (OR=1.77, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.02), financial difficulties (OR=1.19, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.28), higher vulnerability index (comorbidities, age >60) (OR=1.11, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.18), pre-existing mental problems (OR=1.78, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.04) and increased national burden of COVID-19 (OR=1.01, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.02) were associated with declines in mental health, whereas exclusively working on-site was protective.ConclusionVulnerable subgroups for mental health declines among ageing workers were revealed, which warrant their screening and employers’ evaluation of workplace conditions of ageing workers to prevent mental health-related implications. Workplace interventions should aim to reduce work environment influences on infection risk and mental distress.
Systematic review of personal finance training for physicians and a proposed curriculum
Authors: Igu Joel Akachukwu , Zakaria Sammy , Bar-Or Yuval D 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundMany physicians complete medical school and graduate medical education (GME) burdened by high debt and financial illiteracy. This places them at increased risk for ill-informed financial decisions, which can result in increased stress and anxiety and a lower quality of life. Furthermore, financial concerns impact physicians’ specialty selections and may partly explain the scarcity of primary care practitioners. In response, medical wellness programmes have increasingly sought to offer personal finance education, but there is little guidance on optimal curricula. Our objective is to systematically review the existing literature examining physician financial literacy curricula and to recommend a standardised personal finance curriculum.MethodsThis review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 checklist to report the results of literature searches in PubMed, ERIC, MedEdPortal, EBSCO, JSTOR and Google Scholar. Three researchers used predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria to select articles, including a focus on financial concepts applicable in the USA. Selected articles published between 2000 and 2022 were assessed using the BEME strength of findings tool, and further assessed using modified Côté-Turgeon and Kirkpatrick model qualitative analyses tools.Findings49 articles met all inclusion criteria. Ten specifically described personal finance literacy curricula for medical students or GME trainees, with varied criteria for selecting instructors, topics and outcomes. All studies reported that audiences were ill prepared for making financial decisions but strongly desired financial literacy education. Qualitative analysis revealed Strength of Findings summary scores ranging from 2 to 4, while applicable Kirkpatrick Model scores were all 3 or greater. Based on these findings, a 14-module personal finance curriculum is proposed by the researchers, along with learning objectives.InterpretationAlthough medical students and GME trainees value financial literacy, few publications report the impact of actual curricula. These efforts vary in depth, breadth and measured impact. Future research should focus on development of valid testing instruments specifically for physicians, content standardisation, selection of credible instructors and delivery formats.
Protocol for a meta-research study of protocols for diet or nutrition-related trials published in indexed journals: general aspects of study design, rationale and reporting limitations
Authors: Silva Flávia Moraes , Adegboye Amanda Rodrigues Amorim , Curioni Cintia , Gomes Fabio S , Collins Gary Stephen , Kac Gilberto , A De Beyer Jennifer , Cook Jonathan Alistair , Cheikh Ismail Leila , Page Matthew J , Khandpur Neha , Lamb Sarah , Hopewell Sally , Kirtley Shona , Durão Solange , Vorland Colby J , M Schlussel Michael 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) reporting guideline establishes a minimum set of items to be reported in any randomised controlled trial (RCT) protocol. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) reporting guideline was developed to improve the reporting of interventions in RCT protocols and results papers. Reporting completeness in protocols of diet or nutrition-related RCTs has not been systematically investigated. We aim to identify published protocols of diet or nutrition-related RCTs, assess their reporting completeness and identify the main reporting limitations remaining in this field.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a meta-research study of RCT protocols published in journals indexed in at least one of six selected databases between 2012 and 2022. We have run a search in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Global Health using a search strategy designed to identify protocols of diet or nutrition-related RCTs. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts of records yielded by the search in Rayyan. The full texts will then be read to confirm protocol eligibility. We will collect general study features (publication information, types of participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes and study design) of all eligible published protocols in this contemporary sample. We will assess reporting completeness in a randomly selected sample of them and identify their main reporting limitations. We will compare this subsample with the items in the SPIRIT and TIDieR statements. For all data collection, we will use data extraction forms in REDCap. This protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework (DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/YWEVS).Ethics and disseminationThis study will undertake a secondary analysis of published data and does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through journals and conferences targeting stakeholders involved in nutrition research.
Practical guidance to handle missing values in the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25): a simulation study
Authors: Kawahara Takuya , Yamada Keiko , Terashima Ryohei , Takashima Ikumi , Tanaka Sakae , Ogata Toru , Chikuda Hirotaka , Miura Hiromasa , Nakamura Kozo , Ohe Takashi 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesDespite the possible large number of missing values on the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), how we should treat them is unknown. In a simulation study, we investigated how to handle missing values in the GLFS-25.Design, setting and participantsWe used three datasets with different participant characteristics: community dwellers who could walk by themselves, outpatients of orthopaedics owing to pain, and patients who required surgery for total knee replacement or lumbar spinal canal stenosis.Outcome measuresThe missing items of the datasets were artificially created, and four statistical methods, complete case analysis, multiple imputation, single imputation using individual mean, and single imputation using individual domain average, were compared in terms of bias and mean squared error. Simulation studies were conducted to compare them under varying numbers of participants with missing values (5%–40%) and under varying numbers of missing items of GLFS-25 (4–16).ResultsMultiple imputation had the lowest root mean squared error. Complete case analysis showed the largest bias, and the performances of the single imputation were between those methods. The relative performances were similar across the three datasets. The absolute bias of the single imputation was<0.1. The bias and mean squared error of multiple imputation and single imputation were comparable when the number of missing items was less than or equal to eight.ConclusionsMultiple imputation is preferable, although single imputation using subject average/subject domain average can be used with practically negligible bias as long as the number of missing items is up to 8 out of 25 items in each individual of the population.
Variability and performance of NHS England’s ‘reason to reside’ criteria in predicting hospital discharge in acute hospitals in England: a retrospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Sapey Elizabeth , Gallier Suzy , Evison Felicity , McNulty David , Reeves Katherine , Ball Simon 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesNHS England (NHSE) advocates ‘reason to reside’ (R2R) criteria to support discharge planning. The proportion of patients without R2R and their rate of discharge are reported daily by acute hospitals in England. R2R has no interoperable standardised data model (SDM), and its performance has not been validated. We aimed to understand the degree of intercentre and intracentre variation in R2R-related metrics reported to NHSE, define an SDM implemented within a single centre Electronic Health Record to generate an electronic R2R (eR2R) and evaluate its performance in predicting subsequent discharge.DesignRetrospective observational cohort study using routinely collected health data.Setting122 NHS Trusts in England for national reporting and an acute hospital in England for local reporting.Participants6 602 706 patient-days were analysed using 3-month national data and 1 039 592 patient-days, using 3-year single centre data.Main outcome measuresVariability in R2R-related metrics reported to NHSE. Performance of eR2R in predicting discharge within 24 hours.ResultsThere were high levels of intracentre and intercentre variability in R2R-related metrics (p<0.0001) but not in eR2R. Informedness of eR2R for discharge within 24 hours was low (J-statistic 0.09–0.12 across three consecutive years). In those remaining in hospital without eR2R, 61.2% met eR2R criteria on subsequent days (76% within 24 hours), most commonly due to increased NEWS2 (21.9%) or intravenous therapy administration (32.8%).ConclusionsReported R2R metrics are highly variable between and within acute Trusts in England. Although case-mix or community care provision may account for some variability, the absence of a SDM prevents standardised reporting. Following the development of a SDM in one acute Trust, the variability reduced. However, the performance of eR2R was poor, prone to change even when negative and unable to meaningfully contribute to discharge planning.
Feasibility and acceptability of NIDUS-Professional, a training and support intervention for homecare workers caring for clients living with dementia: a cluster-randomised feasibility trial protocol
Authors: Zabihi Sedigheh , Duffy Larisa , Kelleher Daniel , Lord Kathryn , Dar Ayesha , Koutsoubelis Freya , Banks Sara , Rapaport Penny , Mason Clare , Vickerstaff Victoria , Barber Julie A , Manthorpe Jill , Walters Kate , Lang Iain , Rockwood Kenneth , Duggan Sandra , Kales Helen , Cooper Claudia 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionMost people living with dementia want to remain living in their own homes, and are supported to do so by family carers and homecare workers. There are concerns that homecare is often unable to meet the needs of this client group, with limited evidence regarding effective interventions to improve it for people living with dementia. We have developed a training and support programme for homecare workers (NIDUS-Professional) to be delivered alongside support sessions for people living with dementia and their family carers (NIDUS-Family). We aim to assess (1) its acceptability among homecare workers and employing agencies, and (2) the feasibility of homecare workers, people living with dementia and their family carers completing the outcomes of intervention in a future randomised controlled trial.Methods and analysisThis is a cluster-randomised (2:1) single-blind, multisite feasibility trial. We aim to recruit 60–90 homecare workers, 30–60 clients living with dementia and their family carers through 6–9 English homecare agencies. In the intervention arm, homecare staff will be offered six group sessions on video call over three months, followed by monthly group sessions over the subsequent three-month period. Outcome measures will be collected at baseline and at six months.Ethics and disseminationThe study received ethical approval on 7 January 2020 from the Camden & King’s Cross Research Ethics Committee. Study reference: 19/LO/1667. Findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal, conference presentation and blog to research and clinical audiences; we will attend forums to present findings to participating homecare agencies and their clients.Trial registration numberISRCTN15757555.
Epidemiological Study to Assess the Prevalence of Lung Cancer in patients with smoking-associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: PREVALUNG study protocol
Authors: Boulate David , Fidelle Marine , Caramella Caroline , Issard Justin , Planché Olivier , Pradère Pauline , Garelik Daniel , Hache Océane , Lamrani Lilia , Zins Marc , Beaussier Hélène , Chatellier Gilles , Fadel Elie , Zitvogel Laurence , Besse Benjamin , Mercier Olaf 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionEligibility criteria definition for a lung cancer screening (LCS) is an unmet need. We hypothesised that patients with a history of atheromatous cardiovascular disease (ACVD) associated with tobacco consumption are at risk of lung cancer (LC). The main objective is to assess LC prevalence among patients with ACVD and history of tobacco consumption by using low-dose chest CT scan. Secondary objectives include the evaluation LCS in this population and the constitution of a biological biobank to stratify risk of LC.Methods and analysisWe are performing a monocentric ‘single-centre’ prospective study among patients followed up in adult cardiovascular programmes of vascular surgery, cardiology and cardiac surgery recruited from 18 November 2019 to 18 May 2021. The inclusion criteria are (1) age 45–75 years old, (2) history of ACVD and (3) history of daily tobacco consumption for 10 years prior to onset of ACVD. Exclusion criteria are symptoms of LC, existing follow-up for pulmonary nodule, fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, resting dyspnoea and active pulmonary infectious disease. We targeted the inclusion of 500 patients. After inclusion (V0), patients are scheduled for a low-dose chest CT and blood and faeces harvesting within 7 months (V1). Each patient is scheduled for a follow-up by telephonic visits at month 3 (V2), month 6 (V3) and month 12 (V4) after V1. Each patient is followed up until 1 year after V1 (14 February 2023). We measure LC prevalence and quantify the National Lung Screening Trial and Dutch-Belgian Randomized Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NELSON) trial eligibility criteria, radiation, positive screening, false positivity, rate of localised LC diagnosis, quality of life with the Short Form 12 (SF-12) and anxiety with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory A and B (STAI-YA and STAI-YB, respectively), smoking cessation and onset of cardiovascular and oncological events within 1 year of follow-up. A case–control study nested in the cohort is performed to identify clinical or biological candidate biomarkers of LC.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved according the French Jardé law; the study is referenced at the French ‘Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des Produits de Santé’ (reference ID RCB: 2019-A00262-55) and registered on clinicaltrial.gov. The results of the study will be presented after the closure of the follow-up scheduled on 14 February 2023 and disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and national and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03976804.