bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory Activity of Polysaccharide from Trametes Gibbosa (Pers.) Fr (Basidiomycota, Fungi) mediated by TLR4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Bakhshi Jouybari Hossein , Valadan Reza , Mirzaee Fatemeh , Bargi Karizno Faride , Habibi Emran 
Published: May 2023

Background:

Trametes species possess remarkable immunomodulatory and anticancer effects which are mainly related to the activation of innate immune receptors by their polysaccharide constituents. In this study, we investigate the effect of Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fr. polysaccharide fraction (TGP) on activation of TLR-4 receptor and subsequent release of IL-8 in HEK-Blue™ hTLR4 cells.

Materials and Methods:
The polysaccharide fraction was purified using ethanol precipitation and dialysis methods. The total sugar content and monosaccharide composition were analyzed by phenol–sulfuric acid and chromatographic methods. FT-IR spectroscopy was also performed for structure characterization of the polysaccharide. The activation of TLR4 was determined by measuring the secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase in the culture media.

Results:
The results indicated that the total sugar content of TGP was about 90%, which glucose was the major constituents. FT-IR analysis showed the characteristic bands of polysaccharides. TGP was able to activate the TLR-4 signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the significant increase of IL-8 was observed in cells treating with TGP. The HEK-Blue Null2™ reporter cells lacking TLR4, did not respond to LPS and TGP.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that TLR4 signaling cascade serve as targets for immunomodulatory activity of T. gibbosa which could address the anticancer properties of Trametes species.
Utility of Indigenous Cytology Technique in the Diagnosis of Oral Cavity Lesions using Normal Saline as a Processing Fluid: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kumarguru B N , Narayana Lakshmi M , Urvashi G , Ramaswamy A.S 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Oral cancer is a major health problem in developing countries. Cytology has been widely accepted as a tool in the early diagnosis of cancer.

Objectives:
To evaluate the diagnostic utility of four different cytology techniques, that is, modified brush cytology (BR) technique, brush cytology cytocentrifugation (BRCC) technique, modified scrape cytology (SR) technique, and scrape cytology cytocentrifugation (SRCC) technique and correlate the cytopathological diagnosis with the available histopathological diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:
It was a prospective observational study of oral cavity lesions conducted from January 2018 to December 2018 at a rural tertiary care referral institute. Smears prepared by four different techniques, that is, BR technique, BRCC technique, SR technique and SRCC technique were evaluated using a scoring system. Normal saline was used as a processing fluid for cytocentrifugation techniques, and the cytological diagnosis was compared with an available histopathological diagnosis for concordance.

Results:
Twenty-seven cases of oral cavity lesions were analyzed. Squamous cell carcinoma (55.56%) constituted the most common lesion diagnosed by cytology. Total concordance was 95.65%. Brush cytology techniques were better technique than scrape cytology techniques. Cytocentrifugation techniques were better than modified brush cytology technique and modified scrape cytology technique and the values were statistically highly significant (P<0.0001).

Conclusion:
The utility of only normal saline as a processing fluid for cytocentrifugation may be considered an unexplored and prudent endeavor. This indigenously designed technique may be employed to improve the quality of cytological preparation for the evaluation of oral cavity lesions.
A Study of Cytomorphological Spectrum of Head and Neck Lesions in Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Wadone Megha M. , Masgal Meenakshi M. , Anita A. M , Rajesh P. S 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a well-established early diagnostic technique for evaluating mass lesions in adult patients. Now, FNAC in children is gaining acceptance and is used as a first-line investigation in diagnosis of pediatric lesions.

Aims:
To analyze the cytomorphologic spectrum of head and neck lesions in pediatric age group with histopathological correlation wherever possible and to study the utility of FNAC in pediatric head and neck lesions.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was carried out on all FNACs of head and neck lesions in pediatric age group (0-18 years), detected clinically or under radiological guidance for a period of 3 years from August 2018 to July 2021.

Results:
The study included 238 cases. Most of the cases were seen in the age group of 13-18 years and with male to female ratio of 1.35:1. Most common site of FNAC was lymph nodes (70.2%) and the commonest lesion encountered was reactive lymphadenitis (50.8%). Second most common site was thyroid (15.9%). Soft tissue/bone, salivary gland, miscellaneous/skin lesions were also encountered. Among the 43 neoplastic lesions, benign (31 cases) were more common than the malignant (12 cases). The malignant cases included non-Hodgkins lymphoma, Hodgkins lymphoma, metastasis to lymph node, low-grade sarcoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis of bone. Histopathological correlation was done in 32 cases (13.4%). Statistical analysis showed a sensitivity of 85.29% and specificity of 97.74%. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 96.3%.

Conclusion:
This study highlighted various cytomorphological patterns in head and neck lesions with high diagnostic accuracy in children. FNAC helps in proper planning of treatment modalities in head and neck masses in pediatric age group.
Ameliorative Ability of Cyperus esculentus (Tiger Nut) and Phoenix dactylifera (Date Palm) Fruits on Blood Haematology and Film of Wistar Rats in Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Ingestion Episode
Authors: Odanibe M. H. , Ibezute A. C. 
Published: May 2023

The present study investigated the ameliorative ability of Cyperus esculentus and Phoenix dactylifera fruits on blood haematology and film of wistar rats in titanium dioxide nanoparticles ingestion episode. 25 rats randomly distributed into five (5) groups were orally administered with varying combinations of titanium dioxide and tiger nut and date palm fruits extracts for 60 days, after which blood was collected for hematological and blood film analysis following standard methods. Hematological analysis showed that titanium dioxide nanoparticles caused a decrease in white blood cell (6.52%), granulocyte (56.06%), hemoglobin (3.10%) and hematocrit (15.47%) with an increase in lymphocyte (0.52%), monocyte (48.51%), red blood cell count (7.53%), platelet count (24.21%) and plateletocrit (37.93%) of wistar rats when compared with the control. Leishman-stained blood film revealed the presence of mild to moderate dimorphic anaemia, polychromatic morphology with some macrocytic cells and aggregated thrombocytes in the blood film of rats administered TiO2NP. There was no significant ameliorative impact of C. esculentus and Phoenix dactylifera extract against TiO2NP toxicity. This may be due to the small particle size and reactive nature of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The findings of this study indicate that titanium dioxide nanoparticles negatively impacted blood hematological parameters in male wistar rats. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles should be handled and treated carefully to avoid potential health hazard in animals.
The Handprint Initiative: Identifying learners’ attitudes towards the environment
Authors: Morel Schramm Wendy Quetzal , Ruz Salmones Pablo , Robischon Marcel 
Published: May 2023

The Handprint Initiative was born out of the need for a new pedagogical approach to deal with current global challenges. It is founded in the social responsibility of educators and learners to actively participate in the decision-making process of our society. To achieve this, there was the need for a statistical basis to measure learners’ attitudes towards the environment. A 19-item survey was used to determine five key attitudes in high school students in Mexico. With appropriate statistical tools (including PCA, KMO, normality tests and others), it was possible to measure ecocentrism, eco-apathy, naturalism, pessimism, and scientism attitudes and to confirm the data of other studies. The results of this study contribute to assessment of the impact of the way we teach, as well as the promotion of quality education and the implementation of the Handprint Initiative.
Keywords: handprint; attitudes towards environment; eco-apathy; sustainability, quantitative study
ANALISISkPENGARUH BUDAYAkORGANISASI, DISIPLIN KERJAoDAN SEMANGATyKERJA TERHADAPkKINERJA KARYAWANdPADA HOTELjDANAU TOBA INTERNASIONALkMEDAN
Authors: Zega Yenni Agustiani , Laia Geni , Napitupulu RB , Lumban Gaol Jonner 
Published: May 2023

Tujuanlpenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Disiplin kerja dan Semangat Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan padaghotel danau toba internasional Medan. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat 3 variabellindependen yaitu budaya organisasi , disiplin kerja, semangat kerja dan 1 variabelmdependen yaitu kinerja karyawan. Dapat diihat bahwa budaya organisasi, disiplin kerja dan semangat kerja adanya penurunan kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dimana Instrumengpada penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner dengan skala liker. jumlah sampel sama dengan populasi yaitu 50 karyawan. Jenis model regresi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi berganda, kemudian untuk menguji penelitian dalam regresi berganda menggunakan StatisticalbProduct and Service Solution (SPSS) versi 24 for windows dengan menggunakan uji F (Anova) dan uji T (parsial). Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dan di analisis perbandinganxnilai Fhitung dengancnilai Ftabel. Nilai Fhitung > Ftabel, dimana F tabel dengan Taraf Signifikansi (α) = 5% diketahui bahwa Ftabel dengan df1 = k = 3 dan df2 = n-k-1 = 50-3-1 = 46, maka Ftabel (df1)(df2) = 3,19. Maka, dengan demikian Fhitung = 49,277 sedangkan Ftabel = 3,19, maka Fhitung > Ftabel. Artinya dapat dilihat juga bahwa adanya pengaruhlbudaya organisasi,gdisiplin kerja dancsemangat kerjaxsecara simultankterhadap kinerjabkaryawan pada HotelkDanau TobamInternasional Medan pada tahun 2022. Disarankan hendaknya agar Pimpinan, semua karyawan HotelkDanau Toba Internasional Medan dapat lebih meningkatkan lagi Budaya Organisasi dalam bekerja, disiplin kerja,bdan Semangat kerjabyang layak diterima agar terjaganya kinerja karyawan oleh setiap karyawan dengan menghasilkan output yang maksimal demi tercapainya tujuan perusahaan.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND JOB SATISFACTION ON PERFORMANCE IN THE REGIONAL TAX MANAGEMENT AND RESTRIBUTION AGENCY UPT DOLOKSANGGUL
Authors: Lumbanbatu Diana Novita , Safiany Putri , Lumban Gaol Jonner , Silaen Novia Ruth 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap kinerja Karyawan Pada Badan Pengelolaan Pajak dan Restribusi Daerah UPT. Doloksanggul. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dan pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji t dan uji F Hasil penelitian diperoleh persamaan regresi berganda Y = 0,497 + 0,325 X1 + 0,876 X2 dari hasil penelitan ditentukan bahwa Komitmen Organisasi mempunyai pengaruh yang posistif terhadap kinerja Karyawan. Berdasarkan pengujian hipotesis , diperoleh hasil bahwa Komiten Organisasi mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja dengan nilai t hitung (1,765) > nilai t table (1,70329). Kepuasan Kerja mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja dengan nilai t hitung (2,363) > nilai t table (1,70329). Selanjutnya dengan menggunakan uji simultan diperoleh hasil bahwa Komitemen organisasi dan Kepuasan Kerja secara bersamaan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signufikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, yang ditunjukan F hitung (22,289) > daripada F tabel (3,35) . Nilai koefesien determinasi (R2) diperoleh sebesar 0,595. Hal ini berarti kinerja karyawan pada badan Badan Pengelolaan Pajak dan Restribusi Daerah UPT Doloksanggul sebesar 59,5% sedangkan sisanya 40,5% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak ada dalam penelitian ini
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN MEDAN
Authors: Sitepu Gery , Simatupang Sabar L.T. , Sembiring Veramika 
Published: May 2023

Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pegawai Politeknik Kesehatan Medan. Jenis Riset yang digunakan dalam Riset ini adalah Riset kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam Riset ini berupa sumber data primer yang langsung dikumpulkan oleh peneliti dari sumber pertamanya, dan data sekunder berupa informasi pegawai Politeknik Kesehatan Medan. Dalam Riset ini sampel yang akan diambil adalah seluruh pegawai Politeknik Kesehatan Medan yang berjumlah 45 pegawai. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model regresi linear berganda untuk mengetahui arah hubungan antara variabel independen dengan dependen. Hasil Riset ini Hal ini menunjukkan jika variabel Motivasi Kerja (X1) dan Disiplin Kerja (X2) dapat menjelaskan variabel Kepuasan Kerja (Y) sebesar 23,4%. Diketahui bahwa thitung (11,917) > ttabel (2,016), demikian pula dengan nilai signifikansinya sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan hipotesis pertama diterima, artinya variabel Motivasi Kerja (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel Kepuasan Kerja (Y). Diketahui bahwa thitung (0,170) < ttabel (2,016), demikian pula dengan nilai signifikansinya sebesar 0.866 > 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan hipotesis kedua ditolak, artinya variabel Disiplin Kerja (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel Kepuasan Kerja (Y). Diketahui bahwa Fhitung (72,830) > Ftabel (3,22), dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan hipotesis ketiga diterima, artinya Variabel Motivasi Kerja (X1), Variabel Disiplin Kerja (X2) berpengaruh signifikan secara bersama-sama (simultan) terhadap Variabel Kepuasan Kerja (Y).
FUQАROLIK JАMIYATI INSTITUTLАRI YOSHLАR IJTIMOIY FАOLLIGINI OSHIRISH OMILI SIFАTIDА
Authors: Sagdullayeva Dilbar 
Published: May 2023

Mazkur maqolada inson huquqlarining ustuvorligi asosida yoshlarda ijtimoiy faollikni oshirish masalalarini o‘rganishni maqsad qildik. NNT faoliyati orqali ijtimoiy faollikni oshirish omillari tizimli tahlil, qiyoslash, umulashtirish, deduksiya kabi metodlar yordamida o‘rganildi. Maqolada NNTning muvaffaqiyatli faoliyati jamiyatda demokratik tamoyillar amal qilishi, fuqarolar ijtimoiy faolligi ortib borishiga olib kelishi asoslandi.
СЛОЖНОСТИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ПАДЕЖНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА УЗБЕКОЯЗЫЧНЫХ УЧАЩИХСЯ
Authors: Осипова Агата 
Published: May 2023

Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы обучения узбекоязычной аудитории падежной системе русского языка. Предпринята попытка определить падежные параллели русского/узбекского языка. Особое внимание уделяется рекомендациям преподавателю относительно эффективности обучения узбекоязычных учащихся.
ФАКТОРЫ, ВЛИЯЮЩИЕ НА РАЗВИТИЕ РУССКОЙ РЕЧИ УЧАЩИХСЯ ВОЕННОГО АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОГО ЛИЦЕЯ ПРИ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИРОВАННОМ ОБУЧЕНИИ
Authors: Комилова Муяссар 
Published: May 2023

В статье проанализированы работы зарубежных и отечественных видных ученых-лингвистов по вопросам развития речи. Расмотрены проблемы, припятствующие развитию русской речи учащихся военно-академических лицеев «Темурбеклар мактаби». Расскрыты специфические особенности обучения русскому языку как иностранному в военно-академических лицеях. Систематизированы факторы, влияющие на развитие русской речи учащихся-узбеков. Предлагается ряд предложений по решению вышеуказанных проблем.
КРЕАТИВ ТАФАККУР ТУШУНЧАСИНИНГ ФАЛСАФИЙ ВА ПЕДАГОГИК МАНБАЛАРДАГИ ТАЛҚИНИ
Authors: Сулайманова Дилдора 
Published: May 2023

Мазкур мақолада тафаккур, креатив тафаккур тушунчасининг мазмуни, моҳияти фалсафий ва педагогик илмий манбалар асосида таҳлил этилган.
Professional choice as a moral dilemma for doctors in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Nikishina Vera B. , Petrash Ekaterina A. , Morgun Aleksey N. , Morgun Lyubov A. , Nedurueva Tatyana V. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has added new semantic trend to the problem of the professional choice of doctors through a change in the conditions of their activities in the direction of intensifying tasks, complicating the possibilities for their implementation, and multiplying the uncertainty of the efforts made.
The purpose of the study. Assessing the professional choice of doctors in the context of COVID-19 when solving moral dilemmas.
Material and methods. The total sample size was four hundred twenty nine people (doctors of various surgical and therapeutic specialties) aged of 25–32 years. All doctors had at least 1.5 years of practical experience in COVID-19 conditions. The study was conducted using a questionnaire developed by the author, containing 24 moral dilemmas related to professional decision-making.
Results. Regardless of the doctor’s profile, professional choice is made in favour of patients of the same gender as the doctor. At the same time, both male and female doctors strive to save young patients (up to 50 years old) with chronic diseases. At the same time, it should be noted that the profile (therapeutic or surgical) of a doctor and his specialty also influence the criteria for choosing professional decisions. Clear criteria in the situation of moral choice have not been established only in the group of ophthalmologists.
Limitations. Excluded from participation in the study were pediatricians and dentists, as well as doctors who lack professional experience in the context of COVID-19.
Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was found that regardless of the working conditions (in the red zone for COVID-19, in the green zone), both male and female doctors choose in favour of patients of the same gender. At the same time, doctors working in the red zone on COVID-19 make a professional choice in a situation of moral choice in favour of young patients of the same gender with chronic diseases. Physicians working in the green zone make the choice to rescue elderly patients of the same gender as physicians.
COVID-19 Impact on Employees Behavior and Mental Well-Being in UAE (Abu Dhabi Emirates)
Authors: AlAmeri Ayesha 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The paper aims to identify the main stressors during the pandemic, examining some moderating factors which may mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on UAE employees’ behavior.
Methodology: Mixed method has been used to gather thorough information about the topic and identify the impact of COVID-19 using literature review of previous research and questionnaire.
Findings: COVID-19 has disrupted work and organizations across the globe as it implied unprecedented impact in the way organizations perform, affecting employees’ performance and mental well-being. This paper examines the impact of coronavirus pandemic on employees’ mental health and its association with shifting their performance. Literature reviews have signaled dramatic shifts in sleep, physical activity, and work productivity, which may have subsequent downstream mental well-being consequences. The impact of COVID-19 on employees differs from country to another due to the implemented measures including quarantine and technology readiness.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: COVID-19 had significant impact on Abu Dhabi Emirates employees’ behavior, attitude and mental health. Based on this research outcome, UAE employees can be well prepared for any future pandemics by enhancing their health lifestyle through balanced diet and exercise as it will enhance their health and will reduce their fear from any potential viruses as well as employees should have a second income that will support them in case of losing their main job during any crisis and will mitigate their job insecurity as they will be more stable in their income. The UAE based on this research and other research have implemented the remote work policy across the UAE for any employee who prefers to continue working from home during and post the pandemic and this increased employee’s well-being and satisfaction. Future research can use the suggested theories in potential pandemic or crisis research or post pandemic research to measure the impact on employee’s performance and well-being as this research might be a reference for future research on similar study.
Survival Probabilities and Lifestyle of Lung and Throat Cancer Patients in Bangladesh
Authors: Ullah Mohammad Ohid , Khan Md. Abrar Ashfaq 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to find out the survival probabilities and lifestyle of lung and throat cancer patients in Bangladesh.
Methods: The dataset was collected from the several hospitals of eight divisional cities in Bangladesh using a semi-structured questionnaire in two time points initially and after 12 months. Descriptive statistical tools, Multiple Reponses analysis, Factor analysis and Kaplan –Meier survival curve were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results revealed that prevalence of lung cancer is 6.7% and for throat it is 9.6%. It was observed that whose father had lung or throat cancer; they have more chance to be affected by the cancer. It was also found that median survival time of lung cancer (18.88 months) patients is more than that of throat cancer ( 10.67 months) patients. Communalities of Smoking (0.788) and fast food (0.785) were found highest compare to other lifestyle factors.
Conclusions: Taken together, we conclude that survival probabilities of lung cancer patients are higher than throat cancer patients and smoking and fast food are highly related with lung and throat cancer. Therefore, we should avoid smoking and fast food to improve public health sectors in Bangladesh.
Causative Factors Associated with Dry Socket; A Retrospective Study Among the Patients Visiting REU Clinics.
Authors: Alabdali Jarrah , Alsadani Mohammad , Almutlaq Mohammed , Thafrah Saud Bin , Alzabin Maher , Sheker Mohammed , Qamar Zeeshan 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: There are various factors associated with the incidence of dry socket, which includes operator experience, perioperative crown, and root fractures, periodontal disease, posterior teeth, and, interestingly, the use of mental health medications to be significant independent risk factors for the development of alveolar osteitis. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with dry socket and to compare the prevalence of dry socket on the basis of gender, smoking habit, systemic condition, extraction site and use of antibiotics.
Methodology: This is a retrospective study using the patients’ files at Muneseya campus, Riyadh Elm University. A total of 385 patient files were accessed after seeking approval from the hospital director. Information from patients’ files was recorded including gender, operator’s level, habits, medical history and extraction site.
Results: According to the findings, the percentage of male participants was 70.9%, whereas the percentage of female participants was 29.1%. The findings indicate that 25.3% of the population suffers from systemic illness, whereas the remaining 74.7% does not have any systematic disease. Dry sockets, which are caused by inflammation of the alveolus bone, are present in upper teeth 40% of the time, whereas lower teeth inflammation affects 60% of individuals with lower teeth.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: In this study significant differences were observed for dry socket prevalence when compared the groups on the basis of smoking, systemic disease and gender.