bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JUSTIFYING CONCURRENT CLAIMS IN PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors: Peari Sagi , Teo Marcus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCan claimants choose between contract and tort claims arising on the same facts with different jurisdictional and/or choice-of-law consequences? While domestic legal systems generally recognise concurrent liability, commentators object that its extension to private international law would be unprincipled and would threaten the field's values. This, however, contrasts with the position in common law and under EU Regulations, where concurrent claims are generally recognised with only narrow limits. This article justifies concurrent claims in private international law, arguing that the same premises supporting concurrent liability in domestic law exist in private international law, and that no field-unique concerns foreclose it.
Impact of climate events, pollution, and green spaces on mental health: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
Authors: Cuijpers Pim , Miguel Clara , Ciharova Marketa , Kumar Manasi , Brander Luke , Kumar Pushpam , Karyotaki Eirini 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClimate change may affect mental health. We conducted an umbrella review of meta-analyses examining the association between mental health and climate events related to climate change, pollution and green spaces. We searched major bibliographic databases and included meta-analyses with at least five primary studies. Results were summarized narratively. We included 24 meta-analyses on mental health and climate events (n = 13), pollution (n = 11), and green spaces (n = 2) (two meta-analyses provided data on two categories). The quality was suboptimal. According to AMSTAR-2, the overall confidence in the results was high for none of the studies, for three it was moderate, and for the other studies the confidence was low to critically low. The meta-analyses on climate events suggested an increased prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress, depression, and anxiety associated with the exposure to various types of climate events, although the effect sizes differed considerably across study and not all were significant. The meta-analyses on pollution suggested that there may be a small but significant association between PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO and mental health, especially depression and suicide, as well as autism spectrum disorders after exposure during pregnancy, but the resulting effect sizes varied considerably. Serious methodological flaws make it difficult to draw credible conclusions. We found reasonable evidence for an association between climate events and mental health and some evidence for an association between pollution and mental disorders. More high-quality research is needed to verify these associations.
Neighboring extremal nonlinear model predictive control of a rigid body on SO(3)
Authors: Bagherzadeh Shiva , Karimpour Hossein , Keshmiri Mehdi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe issue of implementing nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) on mechanical systems evolving on special orthogonal group (SO(3)) is taken into consideration in the first place. Necessary conditions of optimality are extracted based on Lie group variational integrators, leading to a two-point boundary value problem (TPBVP) which is solved using sensitivity derivatives and indirect shooting methods. Fast Newton-like methods referred to as fast solvers which are commonly used to solve the TPBVP are established based on the repetition of a nonlinear process. The numerical schemes employed to alleviate the computation burden consist of eliminating some constraint-related but non-essential terms in the trend of sensitivity derivatives calculation and for solving the TPBVP equations. As another claim, assuming that a first attempt to resolve the NMPC problem is accessible, the problem subjected to some changes in its initial conditions (due to some re-planning schemes) can be resolved cost-effectively based on it. Instead of solving the whole optimization process from the scratch, the optimal control inputs and states of the system are updated based on the neighboring extremal (NE) method. For this purpose, two approaches are considered: applying NE method on the first solution that leads to a neighboring optimal solution, or assisting this latter by updating the NMPC-related optimization using exact TPBVP equations at some predefined intermediate steps. It is shown through an example that the first method is not accurate enough due to error accumulations. In contrast, the second method preserves the accuracy while reducing the computation time significantly.
Developing early lexical composition in Mandarin-speaking children: A longitudinal study
Authors: HUNG Yi-Fang , CHANG Chien-Ju 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the developmental pattern of early lexical production and composition in Mandarin-speaking children. Forty Mandarin-speaking children and their parents participated in this one-and-a-half-year longitudinal study, and naturalistic samples of parent-to-child speech in toy play were collected when the children were 1;8, 2;2, and 3;0. The results showed that children’s lexical production increased significantly between ages 1;8 and 3;0. The proportion of closed-class words increased significantly with age, whereas the proportion of common nouns showed the inverse pattern, indicating the role of grammatical words increased as the children grew. Furthermore, nouns and verbs were predominant in Mandarin-speaking children between ages 1;8 and 3;0, and Mandarin-speaking children used more verbs than nouns at 2;2 and 3;0 in the toy play context. The longitudinal study clarifies early lexical development in Mandarin-speaking children, which provides a valuable contrast for different language systems.
The Mask of Bourgeois Masculinity and Franz Schreker's Die Gezeichneten
Authors: Hsieh Amanda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article interrogates how Franz Schreker's Die Gezeichneten and its early reception reflected an uneasiness about the confines of manhood. As an opera with a complex genesis and a difficult reception history, Die Gezeichneten's allure comes from its resistance to being reduced to only one thing. I nevertheless seek to locate this opera around the time of its premiere towards the end of the First World War. I contend that Die Gezeichneten and its immediate reception charted a key transition in Austro-German masculinity. Specifically, the opera's early performances marked a move away from the period's normative models of bourgeois masculinity (and their corresponding ideas about appearance, health and nationhood) and towards an alternative masculinity preoccupied with degeneracy. I focus on the opera's masks, arguing that, through acts of concealment and disclosure, the opera's two male protagonists struggle to negotiate expectations of an emotionally controlled modern manhood, calling attention to wartime anxieties about what it meant to be a man. Such anxieties resulted in a hardening of attitudes towards the masculine gender, which influenced contemporary music criticism too. Die Gezeichneten's highly sensationalist early reviews relied on a language of degeneracy. Yet I suggest that the opera's initial reception captured a critical moment in this language's history before it was subsumed under Nazi ideology.
A Mexican Semiramide: García and Rossini in Postcolonial Latin America
Authors: Milella Francesco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn 1828, five years after the premiere in Venice of Rossini's final Italian opera, Semiramide, Gaetano Rossi's libretto was again set to music, this time by the famed bel canto tenor and composer Manuel García in Mexico City. The opera, one of the first to be composed in Latin America after the collapse of the Spanish empire, was intended to demonstrate independent Mexico's ability not just to import Italian opera from Europe but also to produce new works. Instead of proving Mexico's credentials as a successful operatic nation, however, García's Semiramide became a problematic space for bringing to light tensions between underlying colonial resistance and the new liberal influence of France, England and Italy. This article contextualises this momentous operatic event within the wider frame of Mexico's nation building and investigates how the manifold political tensions and cultural contradictions of Mexico's postcolonial transition were absorbed and amplified by both García's composition and its staging.
Transcatheter closure with a “single lobe” Amplatzer Vascular Plug of a tubular patent ductus arteriosus in a neonate with transposition of the great arteries and heart failure
Authors: Sharma Shiv-Raj , Michielon Guido , Fraisse Alain 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA patent ductus arteriosus in patients with transposition of the great arteries is usually beneficial to allow shunting between pulmonary and systemic circulations. However, if the duct is too large, it can cause haemodynamic instability, pulmonary oedema and compromised organ perfusion. We present a neonate in whom a 5 mm short and tubular ductus arteriosus was causing significant cardiac failure with necrotising enterocolitis and liver impairment, leaving him too unstable for the arterial switch operation. At day 14 of life (3.1 kg), the baby underwent successful transcatheter closure using an Amplatzer vascular plug (Abbott, Chicago, Il, USA) delivered through a 5Fr catheter from the aortic side. The procedure was uncomplicated and successful as the neonate was extubated 2 days later. He subsequently underwent successful arterial switch surgery.
Arabians for guns: Wahhabi matchlocks, world trade, and the rise of the first Saudi state
Authors: Halevi Leor 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHistorical explanations of the rise and expansion of the first Saudi state have given Wahhabism pride of place. Principally, they have dwelt on religion and ideology, emphasising the role of the eighteenth-century theologian Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb and arguing that his charisma, puritanical zeal, exclusivist approach to monotheistic worship, or neo-orthodox reform programme inspired a series of consequential political and military actions, beginning with the foundation of a theocratic emirate in Dirʿiyya and culminating in the conquest of much of Arabia. However much Wahhabi doctrines might have motivated warfare and state expansion, this article contends that the rise of the Saudi state depended on the spread of a new weapon—the matchlock gun. It considers the significance of firearms in regional warfare and, after making the case that they were likely to have been imported, builds up the revisionist argument that Najd had significant connections to world trade.
Global Evaluation of the Fidelity of Clouds in the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System
Authors: Aumann Hartmut H. , Wilson R. Chris , Geer Alan , Huang Xianglei , Chen Xiuhong , DeSouza‐Machado Sergio , Liu Xu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWeather forecasting centers mainly assimilate infrared sounder data in clear‐conditions or in channels with their main sensitivity to the atmosphere well above the cloud tops. Sometimes channels with stronger cloud sensitivity are used in overcast conditions, but currently no cloud information is used from infrared sounders, and all‐sky assimilation approaches are still under development. However, cloudy radiances could already be used for validating the quality of clouds in forecasts. We illustrate this by comparing the brightness temperatures observed (obs) with AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) to those calculated (cal) based on the clouds specified in the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting) Integrated Forecast System (IFS). Our analysis is based on a 12 hr ingest of AIRS data into the ECMWF assimilation system. We show that the standard deviation of (obs‐cal) using the 1,231 cm−1 atmospheric window channel is a metric of the fidelity of the clouds in the IFS. The global standard deviation of 5 K after accounting for likely space/time interpolation errors, appears to be dominated by clouds in the IFS which are not seen in the AIRS data, and vice versa. Our metric capitalizes on the unique sensitivity of infrared sounders to clouds for the routine monitoring of the fidelity of clouds in weather forecasts.
Statistical Study of Global Lightning Activity and Thunderstorm‐Induced Gravity Waves in the Ionosphere Using WWLLN and GNSS‐TEC
Authors: Chowdhury Swati , Kundu Subrata , Ghosh Soujan , Sasmal Sudipta , Brundell James , Chakrabarti Sandip K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present a statistical study of global lightning activity and correlate this activity with ionospheric fluctuations in the Total Electron Content (TEC). Thunderstorms play a significant role in modulating the ionosphere's plasma distribution. Using the well‐known World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) system, we investigate the diurnal, monthly, and seasonal variations in lightning stroke numbers across six continents. Typically, the monsoon causes a significant increase in lightning occurrences, as reflected in the WWLLN observations. We chose a time frame of July–December 2019, which usually covers the peak and post‐monsoon seasons on all the continents. The diurnal lightning activity is observed to be highest in the early afternoon for all the locations. In addition, we observe hemispherical changes in lightning activity that appear opposite in nature. Using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)‐International GNSS Service data, we use the Vertical TEC (VTEC) and Rate of change Of TEC Index as proxies for the amplitude scintillation S4 index. Using the wavelet analysis of the small‐scale fluctuations in the VTEC profile, we provide a time series analysis of wave‐like TEC fluctuations alongside lightning stroke count as a proxy for thunderstorm activity. It is found that, in most cases, Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) or a local maximum of small‐scale fluctuation in VTEC (dVTEC) that could be coupled to atmospheric gravity waves are observed during periods of peak thunderstorm activity. Most of the locations show that the spectral power of TIDs and the stroke energy density are highly correlated.
Propagation of the Interplanetary Shock Induced Pulse: New Observations by the Global Navigation Satellite System
Authors: Chen Xingran , Zong Qiugang , Hao Yongqiang , Li Quanhan , Zhang Donghe , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe revisited a typical interplanetary (IP) shock event on 7 November 2004, with high time resolution (1 s) total electron content (TEC) observations. The IP shock impinged on the dayside magnetopause at ∼18:27 UT, and launched a pulse into the magnetosphere. Using the multi‐spacecraft timing method, the pulse was estimated to propagate at an angular velocity of ∼0.1 MLT/s. While the in situ spacecraft observations only provided a first‐order estimation of the propagation speed, a more precise monitoring of the propagating pulse was achieved by the densely distributed network of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Following the shock arrival, GNSS receivers throughout the equatorial region recorded the associated TEC impulses. The signatures were sequentially observed from the sub‐solar to the nightside via both flanks, which in turn demonstrated the concrete propagation pattern of the pulse. In addition to a consistent angular velocity, a ∼40 s difference was systematically found between the TEC measurements and the in situ spacecraft observations, revealing the timescale of the shock‐induced magnetospheric‐ionospheric coupling.
Formation of Tarim Large Igneous Province and Strengthened Lithosphere Revealed Through Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Ruixuan , Cheng Zhiguo , Zhang Zhaochong , Chen Zhen , Ernst Richard , Santosh M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEarth history is punctuated by voluminous magmatism and the formation of large igneous provinces (LIPs). Although anomalous mantle temperatures are known to be involved in many LIPs formation, the potentially critical role of fluids remains elusive. Here we apply machine learning methods (e.g., random forest, deep neural network, and support vector machines) to train models based on global datasets of basalts associated with different settings. The trained models predict that the basalts of Tarim LIP in northwestern China show a spatial decrease in their island arc affinity from northeast to southwest, which can be correlated to fluids released from earlier southward oceanic subduction. Temporally, the fluid activity declined from 290 Ma basalts to 270 Ma mafic dykes, suggesting that the fusible components in the mantle source were waning over time and ultimately a strengthened lithosphere was generated. Our study provides new insights into the crucial role of fluids in the generation of LIPs, particularly those related to ancient subducted slabs.
Spectral Characterization of Parent Soils From Globally Important Dust Aerosol Entrainment Regions
Authors: Sadrian Mohammad R. , Calvin Wendy M. , Engelbrecht Johann P. , Moosmüller Hans 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigated the variation in the mineralogical composition of surface soil samples from a wide range of atmospheric dust aerosol generating regions. These soils likely have mineral compositions similar to dust aerosols. We measured the visible, shortwave infrared (VSWIR) and long wave infrared (LWIR) reflectance spectra, as well as LWIR transmission spectra and carried out linear spectral mixture modeling on the transmission data. The spectroscopically identified minerals were compared with the mineralogy previously obtained using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy (OM). The results showed that VSWIR is very sensitive to iron‐bearing minerals and better identifies their presence and type compared to XRD and OM. Clay minerals and carbonates have multiple distinct absorptions features in SWIR but are often overlapping, limiting our ability to uniquely assign spectral features. LWIR reflectance easily distinguishes carbonates, even in trace amounts that were not identified with other techniques. LWIR reflectance spectra for silicates were more complicated to interpret. In some samples, we were able to identify Si‐O features diagnostic of common silicates; however, in most cases these features were absent, and an unusual new peak (∼7.4–7.9 μm) was observed. LWIR transmission is characterized by strong absorption that arises from overlapping features from multiple silicate minerals, but carbonates are readily identifiable. Spectroscopy is complementary to XRD and can help identify additional minerals in these soil samples. Our results can help improve global soil atlases and can be used to support interpretation and validation of data acquired by current and future remote sensing instruments.
Spatial Heterogeneity of Aerosol Effect on Liquid Cloud Microphysical Properties in the Warm Season Over Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhao Pengguo , Zhao Wen , Yuan Liang , Zhou Xin , Ge Fei , Xiao Hui , Zhang Peiwen , Wang Yuting , Zhou Yunjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe effect of aerosol on liquid cloud microphysical properties over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the warm season is investigated by using aerosol index (AI) and cloud property parameters data. Distinct differences in aerosol effect on liquid cloud microphysical properties have been found between the northern Tibetan Plateau (NTP) and southernTibetan Plateau (STP). The composite liquid cloud droplet effective radius liquid cloud droplet effective radius (LREF) anomalies for positive AI events are positive in the NTP and negative in the STP. In both NTP and STP, when the AI anomalies are positive, the LREF anomalies are also positive, which suggests that the increased aerosol loading reduces the solar radiation reaching the ground and thus enhances the atmospheric stability, which reduces the cloud base height and makes the liquid cloud area thicker, which gives cloud droplets more space to grow by collision‐coalescence. This indicates that the aerosol radiative effect is not likely the reason causing the distinct differences of aerosol effects on liquid cloud properties between NTP and STP. Further analysis shows that in the STP, the LREF first increases and then decreases with the increase of AI, while in the NTP, the LREF always increases with the increase of AI, suggesting a spatial difference in aerosol microphysical effect. In the STP, the influence of aerosol on liquid clouds is mainly dependent on liquid water path and convective available potential energy, while in the NTP, the influence of aerosol on liquid cloud is more likely related to large aerosol particles.
Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) of Denitrification‐Driven Microbial Activity in Column Experiments Packed With Calcareous Aquifer Sediments
Authors: Strobel C. , Abramov S. , Huisman J. A. , Cirpka O. A. , Mellage A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpectral Induced Polarization (SIP) has been suggested as a non‐invasive monitoring proxy for microbial processes. Under natural conditions, however, multiple and often coupled polarization processes co‐occur, impeding the interpretation of SIP signals. In this study, we analyze the sensitivity of SIP to microbially‐driven reactions under quasi‐natural conditions. We conducted flow‐through experiments in columns equipped with SIP electrodes and filled with natural calcareous, organic‐carbon‐rich aquifer sediment, in which heterotrophic denitrification was bio‐stimulated. Our results show that, even in the presence of parallel polarization processes in a natural sediment under field‐relevant geochemical conditions, SIP is sufficiently sensitive to microbially‐driven changes in electrical charge storage. Denitrification yielded an increase in imaginary conductivity of up to 3.1 (+140%) and the formation of a distinct peak between 1 and 10 Hz, that matched the timing of expected microbial activity predicted by a reactive transport model fitted to solute concentrations. A Cole‐Cole decomposition allowed separating the polarization contribution of microbial activity from that of cation exchange, thereby helping to locate microbial hotspots without the need for (bio)geochemical data to constrain the Cole‐Cole parameters. Our approach opens new avenues for the application of SIP as a rapid method to monitor a system's reactivity in situ. While in preceding studies the SIP signals of microbial activity in natural sediments were influenced by mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions, the imaginary conductivity changes measured in the biostimulation experiments presented here were dominated by changes in the polarization of the bacterial cells rather than a reaction‐induced alteration of the abiotic matrix.
A Multi‐Model Ensemble Kalman Filter for Data Assimilation and Forecasting
Authors: Bach Eviatar , Ghil Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractData assimilation (DA) aims to optimally combine model forecasts and observations that are both partial and noisy. Multi‐model DA generalizes the variational or Bayesian formulation of the Kalman filter, and we prove that it is also the minimum variance linear unbiased estimator. Here, we formulate and implement a multi‐model ensemble Kalman filter (MM‐EnKF) based on this framework. The MM‐EnKF can combine multiple model ensembles for both DA and forecasting in a flow‐dependent manner; it uses adaptive model error estimation to provide matrix‐valued weights for the separate models and the observations. We apply this methodology to various situations using the Lorenz96 model for illustration purposes. Our numerical experiments include multiple models with parametric error, different resolved scales, and different fidelities. The MM‐EnKF results in significant error reductions compared to the best model, as well as to an unweighted multi‐model ensemble, with respect to both probabilistic and deterministic error metrics.