bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare resources, organisational support and practice in asthma in six public health clinics in Malaysia
Authors: Hussein Norita , Ramli Rizawati , Liew Su May , Hanafi Nik Sherina , Lee Ping Yein , Cheong Ai Theng , Sazlina Shariff-Ghazali , Mohd Ahad Azainorsuzila , Patel Jaiyogesh , Schwarze Jürgen , Pinnock Hilary , Khoo Ee Ming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAsthma, a common chronic respiratory illness is mostly managed in primary care. We aimed to determine healthcare resources, organisational support, and doctors’ practice in managing asthma in a Malaysian primary care setting. A total of six public health clinics participated. We found four clinics had dedicated asthma services. There was only one clinic which had a tracing defaulter system. Long-term controller medications were available in all clinics, but not adequately provided. Resources, educational materials, and equipment for asthma management were present, though restricted in number and not placed in main locations of the clinic. To diagnose asthma, most doctors used clinical judgement and peak flow metre measurements with reversibility test. Although spirometry is recommended to diagnose asthma, it was less practiced, being inaccessible and unskilled in using as the main reasons. Most doctors reported providing asthma self-management; asthma action plan, but for only half of the patients that they encountered. In conclusion, there is still room for improvement in the provision of clinic resources and support for asthma care. Utilising peak flow metre measurement and reversibility test suggest practical alternative in low resource for spirometry. Reinforcing education on asthma action plan is vital to ensure optimal asthma care.
Long term nitrogen deficiency alters expression of miRNAs and alters nitrogen metabolism and root architecture in Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum Perc.) genotypes
Authors: Das Samrat , Singh Dalveer , Meena Hari S. , Jha Shailendra K. , Kumari Jyoti , Chinnusamy Viswanathan , Sathee Lekshmy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe important roles of plant microRNAs (miRNAs) in adaptation to nitrogen (N) deficiency in different crop species especially cereals (rice, wheat, maize) have been under discussion since last decade with little focus on potential wild relatives and landraces. Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum Percival) is an important landrace native to the Indian subcontinent. Several unique features, especially high protein content and resistance to drought and yellow rust, make it a very potent landrace for breeding. Our aim in this study is to identify the contrasting Indian dwarf wheat genotypes based on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and nitrogen deficiency tolerance (NDT) traits and the associated miRNAs differentially expressed under N deficiency in selected genotypes. Eleven Indian dwarf wheat genotypes and a high NUE bread wheat genotype (for comparison) were evaluated for NUE under control and N deficit field conditions. Based on NUE, selected genotypes were further evaluated under hydroponics and miRNome was compared by miRNAseq under control and N deficit conditions. Among the identified, differentially expressed miRNAs in control and N starved seedlings, the target gene functions were associated with N metabolism, root development, secondary metabolism and cell-cycle associated pathways. The key findings on miRNA expression, changes in root architecture, root auxin abundance and changes in N metabolism reveal new information on the N deficiency response of Indian dwarf wheat and targets for genetic improvement of NUE.
Einfluss der Medien auf eine gesunde Entwicklung
Authors: Schierl Sabine 
Published: March 2023

SummaryAufwachsen in der digitalen Welt: Sollen Eltern ihre Kinder möglichst früh damit konfrontieren, um bestmögliche Startchancen zu bekommen? Warum werden aber parallel dazu Forderung nach bildschirmfreien Kindergärten und Grundschulen immer lauter? Die Autorin beschreibt die Folgen eines ausgeprägten Medienkonsums für die kindliche Entwicklung aus Sicht einer Schul-, Kinder- und Jugendärztin mit 20-jähriger Erfahrung sowie die Sicht der Hirnforschung und der Chinesischen Medizin. Sie gibt Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit digitalen Medien je nach Jahrsiebt der Heranwachsenden.
Constructing a Diagnosis Model and Visualizing the Risk Relationship
between Biomarkers and Overuse Injuries in Well-trained
Wrestlers
Authors: Xizhang Huang , Gao Binghong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the association between biomarkers and overuse
injuries in well-trained wrestlers. Seventy-six well-trained wrestlers on a
national team completed two blood sample collections, two clinical overuse
injuries diagnoses, and a questionnaire survey at a 2-week interval.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic
curve were used to screen for related factors and construct the prediction
probability model of overuse injuries. Using a restricted cubic spline further
clarifies the relationship between biomarker levels and the risk of overuse
injuries. Creatine kinase (CK), cortisol, rheumatoid factor, testosterone in
men, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the overuse injuries group were
significantly different compared to those in the non-overuse injuries group. The
diagnostic efficiency of the prediction probability model was more valuable than
any single variable (area under the curve=0.96,
Specificity=0.91, Sensitivity=0.89, high accuracy). A J-shaped
relationship was noted between biomarkers (cortisol, CRP, and CK) and the risk
of overuse injuries (cutoff point:
17.95 μg·dL-1,
4.72 mg·L-1, and 344 U·L-1;
p for nonlinearity:<0.001, 0.025, and 0.043, respectively).
In conclusion, a predictive model based on biomarkers (cortisol, CRP, and CK)
predicted the overuse injuries risk of well-trained wrestlers. High levels of
these three biomarkers were associated with a higher risk of overuse injuries,
and a J-shaped relationship was observed between them.
Regioselective Suzuki–Miyaura Reactions of Ethyl 2,6-Dibromo­pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylate
Authors: Jismy Badr , Abarbri Mohamed , Messaoudi Chaima , Allouchi Hassan , Tikad Abdellatif , M’Rabet Hédi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA variety of novel disubstituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives have been prepared via sequential site-selective cross-coupling reactions of ethyl 2,6-dibromopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylate. The regiocontrolled Suzuki–Miyaura reaction proceeded with excellent selectivity in favor of position C6 after careful optimization of the cross-coupling conditions. The monobrominated compounds, obtained on a large scale, were subjected to a second arylation, alkynylation or amination, leading to a new series of ethyl 2,6-disubstituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylates. These results constitute an efficient regioselective approach for diversification of the chemically and biologically interesting pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine heterocycle at C2 and C6 positions.
Spectrum of Virulence Factors in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Prevalence of SCCmec Types in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Khodabux Rhea Michelle J. , Mariappan Shanthi , Sekar Uma 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a widely recognized multidrug-resistant bacteria presenting a major therapeutic challenge to clinicians. Staphylococcus aureus possesses a number of pathogenicity factors that attribute to the severity of infections. This study was undertaken to investigate the common virulence genes in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, determine their antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and to characterize the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types among MRSA in a tertiary care center.
Materials and Methods A total of 133 clinical isolates were included in this study. Susceptibility to various antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was screened using cefoxitin disc; mecA and mecC genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR was done to detect 12 virulence factors such as hla, hlb, fnbA, fnbB, sea, seb, sec, icaA, clfA, tst, pvl, and eta. SCCmec typing was done by multiplex PCR.
Results Of the 133 clinical isolates, 54 (40.6%) were MRSA. The most common virulence gene detected was hlb (61.6%), hla (39%), and fnbA (37%). SCCmec type I was the most predominant. Mortality rate of 6.7% was observed among patients with staphylococcal infections. Univariate analysis of mortality associated virulence genes did not reveal any significant association between virulence genes and mortality.
Conclusion The distribution of virulence genes is similar in both MRSA and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA belongs to the SCCmec types I to IV. Possession of multiple virulence factors and multidrug resistance profile makes Staphylococcus aureus a formidable pathogen in clinical settings.
The Barn Doors Greenstick Fracture—A New 3D Geometry for Common Osteotomies in Rhinoplasty: The First 50 Patients with 1-Year Follow-up
Authors: Ferreira Miguel Gonçalves , Santos Mariline 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe “barn doors greenstick fracture” is a new concept that includes three contiguous greenstick fractures: one in the central compartment of the nasal dorsum (nasal bones) and two on the lateral walls of the bony nasal pyramid. The present study aimed to describe this new concept and to report the first esthetical and functional outcomes. This prospective, interventional, and longitudinal study was performed on 50 consecutive patients undergoing primary rhinoplasty by spare roof technique B. The validated Portuguese version of the Utrecht questionnaire (UQ) for outcome assessment in esthetic rhinoplasty was utilized. Each patient answered the questionnaire online before surgery and 3 and 12 months after surgery. In addition, a visual analog scale (VAS) was used to score nasal patency for both sides. The patients also answered three questions (yes or no): (1) “Do you feel any step on your nasal dorsum?” if yes: (2) “Is that step visible?” (3) “Does it bother you?”A statistically significant improvement in UQ scores postsurgery was found, demonstrating a high satisfaction index in this patient population. Additionally, the preoperative and postoperative mean functional VAS scores showed a significant and consistent improvement on both sides (right and left). Twelve months after surgery, a step at the nasal dorsum was felt by 10% of the patients, but it was visible just in 4%, which were two females with thin skin.The barn doors greenstick concept provides a new approach to achieve a real and sustainable smooth transition in the dorsal and lateral walls. The association of the two lateral greensticks and the already described subdorsal osteotomy allows a real greenstick segment in the most critical esthetic region of the bony vault—the root of the nasal pyramid.
A general mechanism for transcription bubble nucleation in bacteria
Authors: Mueller Andreas U. , Chen James , Wu Mengyu , Chiu Courtney , Nixon B. Tracy , Campbell Elizabeth A. , Darst Seth A. 
Published: March 2023

Bacterial transcription initiation requires σ factors for nucleation of the transcription bubble. The canonical housekeeping σ factor, σ
70
, nucleates DNA melting via recognition of conserved bases of the promoter −10 motif, which are unstacked and captured in pockets of σ
70
. By contrast, the mechanism of transcription bubble nucleation and formation during the unrelated σ
N
-mediated transcription initiation is poorly understood. Herein, we combine structural and biochemical approaches to establish that σ
N
, like σ
70
, captures a flipped, unstacked base in a pocket formed between its N-terminal region I (RI) and extra-long helix features. Strikingly, RI inserts into the nascent bubble to stabilize the nucleated bubble prior to engagement of the obligate ATPase activator. Our data suggest a general paradigm of transcription initiation that requires σ factors to nucleate an early melted intermediate prior to productive RNA synthesis.
Integrating Indigenous epistemologies into mainstream foreign language teaching
Authors: Wang Danping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study explores teacher perspectives on a government policy that seeks to integrate Indigenous knowledge into mainstream foreign language education in New Zealand schools. Based on in-depth interviews, the study found that language teachers generally support this educational change because trans/languaging involving English and te reo Māori (the Māori language) has become an ordinary practice in their teaching and school lives. However, foreign language teachers expressed a need for discipline-specific materials and professional development to help them integrate mātauranga Māori (Indigenous knowledge of Māori) into their teaching. Their concerns can be understood as a lack of support in interpreting “what,” “how,” and “to what extent” the policy will be implemented. The study suggests using a decolonising approach to help teachers affirm the relevance of Indigenous knowledge in their discipline. It recommends that policymakers adopt a pluriversal stance to ensure that diverse knowledge systems can coexist and interact harmoniously rather than compete with one another in the new National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) curriculum.
Experimental verification of the inhibiting effect of hydraulic pressure on point discharge in oil-paper insulation under constant AC voltage
Authors: Hu Guangcai , Liu Xijun , Dai Mingxiao , Liu Yang , Yang Guolong , Wei Wenfu , Zhu Xinyu , Zhou Chao , Peng Xu , Wu Guangning , Li Kai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper reports on experimental studies of point discharge in oil-paper insulation under different hydraulic pressures. The point partial discharge of oil-paper insulation under different hydraulic pressure was measured for the first time. With the help of a commercial partial discharge detector, five discharge parameters under constant AC voltage were recorded and plotted as curves. These show that the partial discharge under very low pressure developed very quickly after it was initiated. So, care should be taken with oil-paper equipment operating at high altitudes, because once the discharge is initiated, it would develop into a catastrophe in a relatively short time. The partial discharge inception voltage and breakdown voltage increased with pressure, but the rising rates decreased with the increase of pressure. The discharge parameters decreased with pressure but the difference between the adjacent curves became smaller and smaller, which is called the saturation characteristic of the hydraulic pressure’s effect on discharge. Therefore, very high hydraulic pressure is not necessary for weakening the partial discharge in oil paper insulation. It is believed that the hydraulic pressure influences the discharge in the oil-paper insulation by changing the state of the gas in this compound insulation system. This paper provides a reference for the operation and maintenance of oil-paper insulation equipment running in high-altitude areas. Adjusting hydraulic pressure might be an effective and economical way to reduce the size and weight of oil-paper insulation equipment.
Structure of a semantic segmentation-based defect detection network for laser cladding infrared images
Authors: Deng Shiyi , Gao Ruipeng , Wang Yiran , Mao Wei , Zheng Weikang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
While selecting the most suitable infrared thermal imaging detection scheme for online inspection during laser cladding processing, this paper designs the RespathU-net semantic segmentation defect detection network for cladding coating defects in infrared images. The network is based on the U-net network framework. It is optimized and improved by redesigning the coding network structure, expanding the network perceptual field, and connecting the paths of residuals, thus enhancing the segmentation effect on the defective areas of the melt coating by addressing the problems that the original network cannot realize the end-to-end output and the poor segmentation effect on the complex objects. The generalization performance test and defect detection experiment of the RespathU-net network were conducted using the Kolektor SDD dataset and the infrared dataset constructed in this paper. The designed network is compared with fully convolutional networks, SegNet, U-net, and DeepLab_V3 in terms of average exchange ratio, similarity coefficient, and running time. The results show that the proposed RespathU-net achieves good multi-size feature recognition, and the effect is much better than other semantic segmentation networks. The via experimental results verify that the actual defect detection accuracy of the designed network is 87.01% .
Ecological drivers of fine-scale distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a semiarid Mediterranean scrubland
Authors: López-Angulo Jesús , Matesanz Silvia , Illuminati Angela , Pescador David S , Sánchez Ana M , Pías Beatriz , Chacón-Labella Julia , de la Cruz Marcelino , Escudero Adrián 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi enhance the uptake of water and minerals by the plant hosts, alleviating plant stress. Therefore, AM fungal–plant interactions are particularly important in drylands and other stressful ecosystems. We aimed to determine the combined and independent effects of above- and below-ground plant community attributes (i.e. diversity and composition), soil heterogeneity and spatial covariates on the spatial structure of the AM fungal communities in a semiarid Mediterranean scrubland. Furthermore, we evaluated how the phylogenetic relatedness of both plants and AM fungi shapes these symbiotic relationships.

Methods
We characterized the composition and diversity of AM fungal and plant communities in a dry Mediterranean scrubland taxonomically and phylogenetically, using DNA metabarcoding and a spatially explicit sampling design at the plant neighbourhood scale.

Key Results
The above- and below-ground plant community attributes, soil physicochemical properties and spatial variables explained unique fractions of AM fungal diversity and composition. Mainly, variations in plant composition affected the AM fungal composition and diversity. Our results also showed that particular AM fungal taxa tended to be associated with closely related plant species, suggesting the existence of a phylogenetic signal. Although soil texture, fertility and pH affected AM fungal community assembly, spatial factors had a greater influence on AM fungal community composition and diversity than soil physicochemical properties.

Conclusions
Our results highlight that the more easily accessible above-ground vegetation is a reliable indicator of the linkages between plant roots and AM fungi. We also emphasize the importance of soil physicochemical properties in addition to below-ground plant information, while accounting for the phylogenetic relationships of both plants and fungi, because these factors improve our ability to predict the relationships between AM fungal and plant communities.
Coherent mapping of position and head direction across auditory and visual cortex
Authors: Mertens Paul E C , Marchesi Pietro , Ruikes Thijs R , Oude Lohuis Matthijs , Krijger Quincy , Pennartz Cyriel M A , Lansink Carien S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) may not only signal current visual input but also relevant contextual information such as reward expectancy and the subject’s spatial position. Such contextual representations need not be restricted to V1 but could participate in a coherent mapping throughout sensory cortices. Here, we show that spiking activity coherently represents a location-specific mapping across auditory cortex (AC) and lateral, secondary visual cortex (V2L) of freely moving rats engaged in a sensory detection task on a figure-8 maze. Single-unit activity of both areas showed extensive similarities in terms of spatial distribution, reliability, and position coding. Importantly, reconstructions of subject position based on spiking activity displayed decoding errors that were correlated between areas. Additionally, we found that head direction, but not locomotor speed or head angular velocity, was an important determinant of activity in AC and V2L. By contrast, variables related to the sensory task cues or to trial correctness and reward were not markedly encoded in AC and V2L. We conclude that sensory cortices participate in coherent, multimodal representations of the subject’s sensory-specific location. These may provide a common reference frame for distributed cortical sensory and motor processes and may support crossmodal predictive processing.
Experience-dependent effects of passive auditory exposure in infants impact theta phase synchrony and predict later language
Authors: Ortiz-Mantilla Silvia , Roesler Cynthia P , Realpe-Bonilla Teresa , Benasich April A 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe establishment of cortical representations critical for mounting language is supported by both ongoing neural maturation and experience-expectant plasticity as infants increasingly recognize the linguistic events that occur most often in their surrounding environment. Previous research has demonstrated that enhanced efficiency of syllabic representation and discrimination is facilitated by interactive attention-driven, nonspeech auditory experience. However, experience-dependent effects on syllable processing as a function of nonspeech, passive auditory exposure (PAE), remain unclear. As theta band-specific activity has been shown to support syllabic processing, we chose theta inter-trial phase synchrony to examine the experience-dependent effects of PAE on the processing of a syllable contrast. Results demonstrated that infants receiving PAE increased syllabic processing efficiency. Specifically, compared with controls, the group receiving PAE showed more mature, efficient processing, exhibiting less theta phase synchrony for the standard syllable at 9 months, and at 18 months, for the deviant syllable. Furthermore, the PAE modulatory effect on theta phase synchrony at 7 and 9 months was associated with language scores at 12 and 18 months. These findings confirm that supporting emerging perceptual abilities during early sensitive periods impacts syllabic processing efficiency and aligns with literature demonstrating associations between infant auditory perceptual abilities and later language outcomes.