bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin Whole‐Mount Immunofluorescent Staining Protocol, 3D Visualization, and Spatial Image Analysis
Authors: Schmidt Alfonso J. , Wright Graham D. , Ronchese Franca , Price Kylie M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe use of polychromatic immunofluorescent staining on whole‐mount skin enables cell type characterization and aids in the delineation of the physiological and immunological strategies used by the skin to combat pathogens. Using whole‐mount skin for polychromatic immunofluorescent staining removes the need for histological sectioning and enables the visualization of anatomical structures and immune cell types in three dimensions. Here we present a detailed protocol for immunostaining with fluorescence‐conjugated primary antibodies in whole‐mount skin to reveal structural landmarks and specific immune cell types using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) (Basic Protocol 1). The optimized staining panel reveals structural features such as blood vessels (CD31 antibody) and the lymphatic network (LYVE‐1 antibody), in combination with MHCII antibodies for antigen‐presenting cells (APCs), CD64 for macrophages and monocytes, CD103 for dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC), and CD326 for Langerhans cells (LC). Basic Protocol 2 describes image visualization pipelines using open‐source software (ImageJ/FIJI), enabling four visualization options (z‐projections, orthogonal views, 3D visualization, and animation). Basic Protocol 3 describes a quantitative analysis pipeline using CellProfiler to characterize the spatial relationship between cell types using mathematical indices such as Spatial Distribution Index (SDI), Neighborhood Frequency (NF), and Normalized Median Evenness (NME). These protocols will enable researchers to stain, record, analyze, and interpret data from whole‐mount skin using commercially available reagents in a CLSM‐equipped laboratory and freely available analysis software. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Immunofluorescent staining and imaging for whole‐mount mouse skinBasic Protocol 2: File rendering and visualization using FIJIBasic Protocol 3: Spatial image analysis using CellProfiler
High‐Performance CO2 Capture from Air by Harnessing the Power of CaO‐ and Superbase‐Ionic‐Liquid‐Engineered Sorbents
Authors: Moitra Debabrata , Mokhtari‐Nori Narges , Siniard Kevin M. , Qiu Liqi , Fan Juntian , Dong Zhun , Hu Wenda , Liu Hongjun , Jiang De‐en , Lin Hongfei , Hu Jianzhi , Li Meijia , Yang Zhenzhen , Dai Sheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDirect air capture (DAC) of CO2 by solid porous materials represents an attractive “negative emission” technology. However, state‐of‐the‐art sorbents based on supported amines still suffer from unsolved high energy consumption and stability issues. Herein, taking clues from the CO2 interaction with superbase‐derived ionic liquids (SILs), high‐performance and tunable sorbents in DAC of CO2 was developed by harnessing the power of CaO‐ and SIL‐engineered sorbents. Deploying mesoporous silica as the substrate, a thin CaO layer was first introduced to consume the surface‐OH groups, and then active sites with different basicities (e. g., triazolate and imidazolate) were introduced as a uniformly distributed thin layer. The as‐obtained sorbents displayed high CO2 uptake capacity via volumetric (at 0.4 mbar) and breakthrough test (400 ppm CO2 source), rapid interaction kinetics, facile CO2 releasing, and stable sorption/desorption cycles. Operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transformation spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis under simulated air atmosphere and solid‐state NMR under 13CO2 atmosphere demonstrated the critical roles of the SIL species in low‐concentration CO2 capture. The fundamental insights obtained in this work provide guidance on the development of high‐performance sorbents in DAC of CO2 by leveraging the combined advantages of porous solid scaffolds and the unique features of CO2‐philic ionic liquids.
Design and analysis of reconfigurable sensorless brushless DC motor drive for regenerative braking and battery charging in electric vehicle
Authors: M U Deepa , G R Bindu 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe expected depletion of fossil fuels has brought in an increased demand for electric vehicles with better performance in terms of easiness of control and reliability of operation and hence is a fertile area of research. In the present scenario, motoring, regenerative braking, and charging operations are performed in electric vehicles by separate converters. In this paper, an integrated scheme is developed, wherein the same voltage source inverter is employed to obtain all the three modes of operation, which in turn reduces the number of switching devices. Further, a sensorless control used in the proposed scheme improves the operational reliability. This novel approach adopts a simple switching scheme for voltage source inverter to operate as a dual‐boost DC‐DC converter during the regenerative braking period. This switching scheme enables reconfiguring voltage source inverter to a dual‐boost rectifier in conjunction with a LLC resonant converter in the charging mode. A comparison is also provided between the performance of single switch boost and dual‐boost converters used for braking operation. The performance of a prototype brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive with Li‐ion battery pack is evaluated in motoring, regenerative braking, and battery charging modes. This paper presents a detailed design of the scheme, the simulation of which is done on a MATLAB/SIMULINK platform and validated experimentally.
Successful endoscopic sclerotherapy for anastomotic tumor hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Ren Jinfeng , Liu Tianyu , Zhang Yunzhi , Bi Ying , Yang Zhengying , Yuan Xihui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA 71‐year‐old male developed anastomotic tumor bleeding after subtotal gastrectomy (Billroth II), and the surgery was refused due to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Endoscopic sclerotherapy (ES) in the treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding has been commonly reported, but few in non‐variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. As far as we know, endoscopic sclerotherapy for malignant tumor hemorrhage has not been reported. Here a valuable case is presented: endoscopic sclerotherapy was performed on the anastomotic tumor bleeding, which is an effective try in a particular period.
Effects of human and nonhuman predation risk on antipredator movement behaviors of an upland game bird
Authors: Wightman Patrick H. , Martin James A. , Kohl Michel T. , Collier Bret A. , Chamberlain Michael J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPredators elicit antipredator behaviors such as proactive and reactive movements in prey, but both are rarely investigated simultaneously. Impacts of human predation risk on antipredator behaviors can be greater than those of nonhuman predators, resulting in increased effects on populations and community structure. We compared the influence of human and nonhuman predation risk on proactive and reactive antipredator movement behaviors of male Eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo, hereafter turkey). We used simultaneously collected GPS locations from 31 turkeys and 36 coyotes (Canis latrans) to investigate the antipredator behavior of turkeys to coyotes. To assess antipredator behaviors of turkeys to hunters, we used 1661 hunting tracks collected while monitoring 109 turkeys. For proactive movements, we quantified how predation risk influenced resource selection. To investigate reactive movements, we quantified changes in movement behavior of turkeys after encountering hunters and coyotes. Coyote and turkey home range overlap was high, but lack of core area overlap, encounters, and similar resource selection suggested the use of different areas on the landscape. Turkeys selected areas associated with decreased coyote risk and closer to hardwoods. Coyotes preferred shrubs and open areas, suggesting turkeys avoided coyote risk and the habitats coyotes preferred. We detected 17 coyote and turkey contacts, and the probability of contact decreased by 16.6% for every 100 m farther from a forest edge. Turkeys did not display reactive movement behaviors after a direct encounter with coyotes, as step lengths were similar prior to and after encounters, which did not differ from random step lengths. After hunting, turkeys selected areas farther from public access points and closer to private property, suggesting proactive avoidance of hunter risk. We detected 31 hunter and turkey contacts; increased step lengths after hunter contacts suggested fleeing behavior. The probability of a hunter–turkey contact decreased by 5.5% for every 100 m farther from a secondary road. Antipredator movement behaviors by turkeys suggest coyote risk to be low over a broad temporal window, while hunter risk is high for a narrow temporal window. We provide insight into how human‐induced fear can cause antipredator behavioral responses greater than nonhuman fear, potentially causing changes in species distribution and community structure.
Synthesis and Properties of Backbone Silylated Imidazol‐2‐thiones
Authors: Grogger Christa , Flock Michaela , Heurix Madeleine , Torvisco Ana , Kyri Andreas W. , Stueger Harald 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImidazole‐2‐thiones have attracted considerable interest in the past as materials for potential applications in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Herein, the synthesis of a series of backbone silylated 1,3‐dialkylimidazol‐2‐thiones is reported. The developed synthesis protocol involves the silylation of N,N‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐thione 1 followed by the addition of organochlorosilanes RnSiCl4–n (R=Me, Ph; n=0–4) and enabled the synthesis of the C‐silylated derivatives with monocyclic, silyl‐bridged or fused tricyclic structures. Reactivity studies performed with N,N‐dimethyl‐4,5‐bistrimethylsilylimidazole‐2‐thione as a model substance showed surprisingly stable silicon‐vinyl bonds and reactivity patterns closely related to those observed for the unsilylated species 1. Combined UV‐spectroscopic and computational studies revealed only minor impact of the silyl substituents on the electronic structure of the imidazol‐2‐thione ring.
Pd‐Catalyzed Arylation and Benzylation of Tyrosine at the δ−C(sp2)−H and C(2) Positions: Expanding the Library of Unnatural Tyrosines
Authors: Singh Prabhakar , Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper describes Pd(II)‐catalyzed picolinamide‐directed intermolecular arylation and benzylation of remote δ−C(sp2)−H bond (C(2) position) of the aryl ring in tyrosine derivatives and expansion of the library of unnatural tyrosine. Various racemic and enantiopure bis C(2) (ortho C−H) arylated and benzylated tyrosine derivatives were assembled in good yields. Removal of the picolinoyl moiety after the C(2)−H arylation and assembling of tyrosine‐based peptides using C(2)−H arylated tyrosines were shown. Tyrosine derivatives and biaryl amino acids are vital scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. Correspondingly, this work is a contribution towards the expansion of the unnatural tyrosine library with biaryl‐ or terphenyl and diarylmethane‐based tyrosine scaffolds.
CO2 Hydroboration: Impact of the Boryl Moieties on the Reactivity of Four Bis(boryl)acetal Compounds toward 2,6‐Diisopropylaniline
Authors: Desmons Sarah , Zhou Yu , Zhang Dan , Jarava‐Barrera Carlos , Coffinet Anaïs , Simonneau Antoine , Vendier Laure , Luo Gen , Bontemps Sébastien 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe hydroboration of CO2 into bis(boryl)acetal (BBA) compounds is an important transformation, since it enabled to selectively reduce CO2 by 4e‐ and to subsequently use the BBA compounds as C1 and Cn sources. However, the influence of the nature of the boryl moieties on the reactivity of BBA compounds has not been evaluated so far. In the present study, four BBA compounds – including two new ones – were reacted with 2,6‐diisopropylaniline to afford the expected imine. Significant differences in the rate of the reaction from minutes to weeks have been observed depending on the BBA used, showing the importance of the nature of the boryl moieties. Theoretical investigations enabled to propose a mechanism involving the addition of the aniline to the BBA as the rate‐determining step and to determine that the steric hindrance of the BBA compounds is the main factor driving the rate of this condensation reaction.
Photoelectrochemical biosensing platform for the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins
Authors: Nascimento Botelho Chirlene , Silva de Menezes Alan , Moraes Silva Saimon , Tatsuo Kubota Lauro , Santos Damos Flávio , de Cássia Silva Luz Rita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic is still a continuing worldwide challenge for public health systems. Early and ultrasensitive identification of the infection is essential for preventing the spread of COVID‐19 by pre‐symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals, particularly in the community and in‐home settings. This work presents a versatile photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection based on a composite material formed by bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) and strontium titanate (SrTiO3). The PEC platform was denoted as BiVO4/SrTiO3/FTO, and it can be tuned for the detection of either Spike (S) or Nucleocapsid (N) protein by simply altering the antibody immobilized on the platform's surface. Chemical, morphological, and electrochemical characterizations were performed by X‐Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron microscopy, Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, and Amperometry. With a simple sensing architecture of the PEC platform, it was possible to achieve a linear response range of 0.1 pg mL−1 to 1000 ng mL−1 for S protein and 0.01 pg mL−1 to 1000 ng mL−1 for N protein. The PEC immunosensors presented recovery values for the two SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins in artificial saliva samples between 97 % and 107.20 % suggesting a good accuracy for the proposed immunosensors.
Sensitive determination of diuron on zinc oxide nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode in soil and water samples
Authors: Ouedraogo Bibata , Tall Amidou , Bako Yibor Fabrice Roland , Tapsoba Issa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn electrochemical sensor based on Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) modified carbon paste electrode was designed for the toxic diuron pesticide detection. The ZnONPs were synthesized through the hydrothermal route and their structural properties were investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction powder (XRD). The designed ZnONPs‐modified carbon paste electrode (ZnONPs‐CPE) was characterized using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The sensor showed significantly enhanced sensitivity on the diuron oxidation peak current, compared to the bare carbon paste electrode. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Experimental parameters such as pH, amount of ZnONPs and frequency were evaluated and the optimized conditions were obtained with 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution at pH=8, a frequency of 50 Hz and a quantity of 5 mg of ZnONPs. Under these conditions, linear responses ranging from 1.3 to 7.7 μM and 8.6 to 30 μM of diuron were obtained, with correlation coefficients of R2=0.994 and 0.996 respectively. Detection and quantification limits of 0.22 μM and 0.84 μM (S/N=3) were respectively achieved based on the 3σ method. The interference of some ions on the oxidation peak of diuron on ZnONPs‐CPE was also evaluated and no interference was observed, therefore demonstrating the selectivity of the sensor. The proposed sensor, designed with ecofriendly materials, is sensitive, selective and was effectively used for diuron determination in soils and water samples with recoveries ranging from 98 % to 101.5 %.
Waldeyer ring microbiome in relation to chemoradiation‐induced oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chung Allan , Chung Yu‐Ting , Liang Yo‐Wen , Chung Yih‐Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWaldeyer lymphatic ring surrounds the nasopharynx and oropharynx, and no study to date has correlated its microbiome with the severity of oral mucositis (OM) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) receiving chemoradiotherapy.MethodsWe performed 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize bacterial microbiome in tumor‐affected nasopharynx and the surrounding normal oropharynx. We plotted the abundance and diversity of bacterial taxa and their phylogenetic distance and networks to visualize and compare the differences in pretreatment overall bacterial communities between the nasopharynx and oropharynx in patients with NPC with varying degrees of chemoradiotherapy‐induced OM and quality of life.ResultsWe found microbial signatures in nasopharynx around NPC were not only dissimilar to those in the surrounding oropharynx but were almost unique to each patient. The genetic distance metrics further showed that different tumor microbiota distributions in the nasopharynx among patients with NPC were well‐correlated with OM severity and quality of life during chemoradiotherapy.ConclusionsAt Waldeyer ring, the tumor‐associated microbiome risk profiles of the respiratory region of nasopharynx, but not commensal microbiota of the alimentary region of oropharynx, could be noninvasive biomarkers for OM susceptibility and might include drug targets for the prevention of chemoradiation‐induced OM in patients with Waldeyer ring‐derived NPC.
Targeted sequencing of cancer‐related genes reveals a recurrent TOP2A variant which affects DNA binding and coincides with global transcriptional changes in glioblastoma
Authors: Gielniewski Bartlomiej , Poleszak Katarzyna , Roura Adria‐Jaume , Szadkowska Paulina , Jacek Karol , Krol Sylwia K. , Guzik Rafal , Wiechecka Paulina , Maleszewska Marta , Kaza Beata , Marchel Andrzej , Czernicki Tomasz , Koziarski Andrzej , Zielinski Grzegorz , Styk Andrzej , Kawecki Maciej , Szczylik Cezary , Czepko Ryszard , Banach Mariusz , Kaspera Wojciech , Szopa Wojciech , Bujko Mateusz , Czapski Bartosz , Zabek Miroslaw , Iżycka‐Świeszewska Ewa , Kloc Wojciech , Nauman Pawel , Cieslewicz Joanna , Grajkowska Wieslawa , Morosini Natalia , Noushmehr Houtan , Wojtas Bartosz , Kaminska Bozena 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐grade gliomas are aggressive, deadly primary brain tumors. Median survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM, WHO grade 4) is 14 months and <10% of patients survive 2 years. Despite improved surgical strategies and forceful radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis of GBM patients is poor and did not improve over decades. We performed targeted next‐generation sequencing with a custom panel of 664 cancer‐ and epigenetics‐related genes, and searched for somatic and germline variants in 180 gliomas of different WHO grades. Herein, we focus on 135 GBM IDH‐wild type samples. In parallel, mRNA sequencing was accomplished to detect transcriptomic abnormalities. We present the genomic alterations in high‐grade gliomas and the associated transcriptomic patterns. Computational analyses and biochemical assays showed the influence of TOP2A variants on enzyme activities. In 4/135 IDH‐wild type GBMs we found a novel, recurrent mutation in the TOP2A gene encoding topoisomerase 2A (allele frequency [AF] = 0.03, 4/135 samples). Biochemical assays with recombinant, wild type (WT) and variant proteins demonstrated stronger DNA binding and relaxation activity of the variant protein. GBM patients carrying the altered TOP2A had shorter overall survival (median OS 150 vs 500 days, P = .0018). In the GBMs with the TOP2A variant we found transcriptomic alterations consistent with splicing dysregulation. luA novel, recurrent TOP2A mutation, which was found exclusively in four GBMs, results in the TOP2A E948Q variant with altered DNA binding and relaxation activities. The deleterious TOP2A mutation resulting in transcription deregulation in GBMs may contribute to disease pathology.
Association of HOTAIR rs2366152 and rs1899663 polymorphisms with colorectal cancer susceptibility in Iranian population: A case–control study
Authors: Eivazi Nasim , Mirfakhraie Reza , Nazemalhosseini Mojarad Ehsan , Behroozi Javad , Yassaee Vahid Reza , Tahmaseb Mohammad , Sadeghi Hossein 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the fact that numerous studies have investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC), more research is required to comprehend the molecular mechanisms of CRC. In the present study, we investigated the association between lncRNA HOTAIR rs2366152 and rs1899663 polymorphisms with CRC susceptibility in the Iranian population.MethodsThis case–control study consisting of 187 CRC patients and 200 healthy samples. The tetra‐amplification refractory mutation system‐polymerase chain reaction (Tetra‐ARMS‐PCR) technique was used for the genotyping of rs2366152 and rs1899663 polymorphisms.ResultsThe findings showed that the AG genotype of the rs2366152 polymorphism has a protective effect on CRC susceptibility (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.38–0.94, p‐value = 0.023). Furthermore, rs2366152 polymorphism associated with CRC risk in an over dominant inheritance model (p‐value = 0.0089). According to the outcomes of the rs1899663 polymorphism, the GT genotype had protective effects on CRC risk (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.35–0.86, p‐value = 0.008). Moreover, statistical analysis has shown that the rs1899663 polymorphism was associated with CRC risk in dominant (p‐value = 0.013) and overdominant (p‐value = 0.0086) inheritance models in the Iranian population.ConclusionThis study confirmed that HOTAIR rs2366152 and rs1899663 polymorphisms associated with CRC risk in different inheritance models. It is indeed necessary to do additional research to verify our findings.
Delayed in sensorimotor reflex ontogeny, slow physical growth, and impairments in behaviour as well as dopaminergic neuronal death in mice offspring following prenatally rotenone administration
Authors: Jain Juli , Hasan Whidul , Jat Deepali , Biswas Pronit , Yadav Rajesh Singh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe environment is varying day by day with the introduction of chemicals such as pesticides, most of which have not been effectively studied for their influence on a susceptible group of population involving infants and pregnant females. Rotenone is an organic pesticide used to prepare Parkinson's disease models. A lot of literature is available on the toxicity of rotenone on the adult brain, but to the best of our knowledge, effect of rotenone on prenatally exposed mice has never been investigated yet. Therefore, the recent work aims to evaluate the toxic effect of rotenone on mice, exposed prenatally. We exposed female mice to rotenone at the dose of 5 mg/Kg b.w. throughout the gestational period with oral gavage. We then investigated the effects of rotenone on neonate's central nervous systems as well as on postnatal day (PD) 35 offspring. In the rotenone group, we observed slow physical growth, delays in physical milestones and sensorimotor reflex in neonates and induction of anxiety and impairment in cognitive performances of offspring at PD‐35. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a marked reduction in TH‐positive neurons in substantia nigra. Histological examination of the cerebellum revealed a decrease in Purkinje neurons in the rotenone exposed group as compared to the control. The data from the study showed that prenatally exposure to rotenone affects growth, physical milestones, neuronal population and behaviour of mice when indirectly exposed to the offspring through their mother. This study could provide a great contribution to researchers to find out the molecular mechanism and participating signalling pathway behind these outcomes.