bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seamount coral reefs are egg case nurseries for deep‐sea skates
Authors: Maguire Kylie , O'Neill Helen , Althaus Franziska , White William , Williams Alan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEgg case nurseries of the boreal skate (Amblyraja hyperborea) and Richardson's skate (Bathyraja richardsoni) were defined and mapped on a bathyal seascape (c. 500–1900 m depths) south of Tasmania, Australia, using 99 towed‐camera transects (157 linear km; N = 50,858 images). In total, 738 skate egg cases were observed (present in 240 images, absent in 50,618); among 113 egg cases examined to identify parent species, 70% were A. hyperborea, 10% B. richardsoni and 20% unidentified Bathyraja species. “Recently laid” egg cases were differentiated from “aged” ones by classifying their colour and condition. The great majority (98%) of egg cases were observed in c. 1100–1400 m depths on seamounts (15 of 36 surveyed), not seamount bases or adjacent continental slope. Egg cases were associated with reefs formed by accumulated skeletal matrix of the stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis, with >90% egg cases (including most of those recently laid) observed on living S. variabilis that characterises a “coral zone” in c. 950–1350 m depths. Water in the coral zone is warmer (+0.66 to 2.37°C) than at the deep distributional limits of adult A. hyperborea and B. richardsoni (2000 and 3000 m, respectively), potentially providing for accelerated embryonic development. Co‐occurrence with living coral infers an energetically favourable local‐scale hydrodynamic environment for egg cases, particularly on seamount peaks, where increased water flow over egg cases would avert smothering by suspended sediment, and compensate for lower oxygen concentration compared to deeper depths occupied by adult skates. Criteria identifying egg case nurseries are strongly met for A. hyperborea at Seamount Z110 (468 egg cases of varied ages, maximum density of 5.47 m−2) and to a lesser extent on five others (Seamounts K1, Z16, Hill U, Z5 and Hill V). An abundance (density) criterion for defining nurseries needs to be flexible because it is a spatially scale‐dependent measure that differs between surveys according to the tools and design employed. Off Australia, coral reef egg case nursery habitat is restricted to a narrow depth range in temperate latitudes where it is scarce and impacted by historical bottom trawl fishing in many locations. There has been effective conservation of nursery habitat, however, because four of the six nursery sites identified here and extensive coral reef areas are protected within marine parks.
Theory of mind during pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review
Authors: van 't Hof Sophie R. , Straathof Milou , Spalek Klara , Hoekzema Elseline 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPregnancy is associated with prominent structural changes in brain areas involved in Theory of Mind (ToM), pointing to the possibility of modifications in ToM‐related behavior and brain responses in parents. We performed a systematic review screening for studies that examined ToM in pregnant and/or early postpartum parents. The evaluation of the included 12 studies allowed us to construct an overview of ToM changes during pregnancy and postpartum as well as other associated factors, such as oxytocin, mental health, and parental behavior. Four studies examined ToM changes by comparing pregnant/early postpartum parents with nulliparous parents or prepregnancy measures. They reported no differences between groups measured with a self‐report questionnaire but found group differences using an experimental approach. The results from the summarized studies further suggest a mediatory role of oxytocin between ToM and certain parental behavior. In addition, while no link between postpartum depression and ToM was observed, findings do point to an association between depressive and remote maternal behavior and anxious attachment style and ToM abilities in pregnant participants. Research findings regarding the interaction of ToM with both parity and maternal attachment to the fetus are ambivalent. Overall, research on this topic is scarce, limiting our ability to draw firm conclusions and stressing the need for further research on this topic. This review presents an overview of research findings on ToM and associated factors in pregnancy and the postpartum period and discusses directions for future research.
Effect of different occlusal forces on the accuracy of interocclusal records of loose teeth
Authors: Lu Bowen , Shao Linlin , Yu Qing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed at investigating the effect of loose teeth on the accuracy of occlusal records by comparing the differences in the number of occlusal contact points, occlusal contact area and the centre of the occlusal contact region under different occlusal forces in patients with periodontitis.ObjectiveThe effects of different occlusal forces on the occlusal contact point (OCP), occlusal contact area (OCA) and the centre of occlusal contact region (OCC) of loose teeth.MethodsOcclusal training was performed on the 30 patients who completed periodontal serial treatment. One doctor took the occlusal records with silicone rubber and the T‐scan system; the patients were digitally scanned intraorally by a technician. The data of the healthy teeth were recorded as the control group, and the data of the loose teeth were recorded as the experimental group. Then, we used Image J to measure the numbers of OCP and OCA and Auto CAD to calculate the coordinates of OCC. A paired t test was used to analyse whether the differences in OCP, OCA and OCC were statistically significant when the occlusal forces were different.ResultsThe OCA of all three experimental methods increased under heavy occlusal force (p < .01), and the silicone rubber OCA increased the most. The OCC of all three experimental methods was shifted in the buccal and mesial (p < .01). And the occlusal records obtained by the T‐scan system showed a low correlation between the differences of OCA and OCC.ConclusionWhether the teeth were loose or not, the OCA increased under heavy occlusal forces. For patients with loose teeth, the OCC was shifted towards the buccal under heavy occlusal force.
Iatrogenic symptomatic hypoadrenocorticism after treatment with trilostane for hyperadrenocorticism in dogs: eight cases (2008‐2019)
Authors: Lamoureux A. , Cadoré J. L. , Hugonnard M. , Chabanne L. , Krafft E. 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesTrilostane is the medical treatment of choice for hyperadrenocorticism. Iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism is thought to be rare, with most cases being transient and only a few cases of permanent hypoadrenocorticism have been reported. This study reports findings from eight cases of iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism and examines the presence of concurrent diseases at the time of diagnosis.Materials and MethodsMedical records of dogs treated for hyperadrenocorticism with trilostane since 2008 were reviewed, and cases of clinical iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism were extracted. Cases were considered permanent if long‐term replacement therapy was required.ResultsEight dogs met the inclusion criteria. The time between the beginning of trilostane treatment and the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism ranged from 4 days to 13 months, and the dosage of trilostane ranged between 1 and 8 mg/kg/day. Six dogs had a suspicion of concurrent disease at the time of hypoadrenocorticism diagnosis. The trilostane dose was decreased in two dogs; trilostane was withdrawn in one case without further relapse of hyperadrenocorticism; and glucocorticoids with or without mineralocorticoid supplementation were prescribed in five dogs. Two of these five dogs were lost to follow‐up, and the other three had a diagnosis of permanent hypoadrenocorticism. Adrenal gland ultrasonography in these three dogs showed a progressive reduction in gland sizes with heterogeneous echogenicity.Clinical SignificanceIatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism is a rare but potentially life‐threatening complication of trilostane treatment in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism. The occurrence of a concurrent disease might trigger the development of clinical signs of hypoadrenocorticism in previously subclinical dogs.
Gastric electrical stimulation versus per‐oral pyloromyotomy for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with gastroparesis: An observational study of two cohorts
Authors: Gourcerol Guillaume , Gonzalez Jean Michel , Bonaz Bruno , Fontaine Sébastien , Zerbib Frank , Mion Francois , Basile Paul , Gillibert André , Labonde Amélie , Soliman Heithem , Vitton Véronique , Coffin Benoit , Jacques Jérémie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBoth gastric electrical stimulation (GES) and gastric‐peroral endoscopic myotomy (G‐POEM) can be offered to patients with gastroparesis and predominant nausea and vomiting. The study's aim was to compare GES and G‐POEM efficacy on nausea and vomiting scores in patients with gastroparesis.MethodsTwo multicenter cohorts of patients with medically refractory gastroparesis with predominant nausea and vomiting (defined as a score >2 on nausea and vomiting subscale that varied from 0 to 4) were treated either with GES (n = 34) or G‐POEM (n = 30) and were followed for 24 months (M). Clinical response was defined as a decrease of ≥1 point in nausea and vomiting subscale without premature exclusion due to switch from one to the other technique before M24. Changes in symptomatic scales and quality of life were also monitored.Key ResultsPatients from both groups were comparable although the mean score of nausea and vomiting subscale was higher in GES (3.0) compared to G‐POEM group (2.6; p = 0.01). At M24, clinical response was achieved in 21/34 (61.7%) patients with GES and in 21/30 (70.0%; p = 0.60) patients with G‐POEM. Mean scores of nausea and vomiting subscale decreased at M24 in both GES (from 3.0 to 1.6; p < 0.001) and G‐POEM (from 2.6 to 1.2; p < 0.001) groups, although there was no difference between groups (difference adjusted from baseline: −0.28 [−0.77; 0.19]; p = 0.24). Likewise, symptomatic and quality of life scores improved at M24 in both groups, without difference according to treatment group.Conclusions and InferencesAt M24, we did not observe significant difference in efficacy of GES and G‐POEM in medically refractory gastroparesis with predominant nausea and vomiting.
Fossil berries reveal global radiation of the nightshade family by the early Cenozoic
Authors: Deanna Rocío , Martínez Camila , Manchester Steven , Wilf Peter , Campos Abel , Knapp Sandra , Chiarini Franco E. , Barboza Gloria E. , Bernardello Gabriel , Sauquet Hervé , Dean Ellen , Orejuela Andrés , Smith Stacey D. 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Fossil discoveries can transform our understanding of plant diversification over time and space. Recently described fossils in many plant families have pushed their known records farther back in time, pointing to alternative scenarios for their origin and spread.
Here, we describe two new Eocene fossil berries of the nightshade family (Solanaceae) from the Esmeraldas Formation in Colombia and the Green River Formation in Colorado (USA). The placement of the fossils was assessed using clustering and parsimony analyses based on 10 discrete and five continuous characters, which were also scored in 291 extant taxa.
The Colombian fossil grouped with members of the tomatillo subtribe, and the Coloradan fossil aligned with the chili pepper tribe. Along with two previously reported early Eocene fossils from the tomatillo genus, these findings indicate that Solanaceae were distributed at least from southern South America to northwestern North America by the early Eocene.
Together with two other recently discovered Eocene berries, these fossils demonstrate that the diverse berry clade and, in turn, the entire nightshade family, is much older and was much more widespread in the past than previously thought.
Pediatric psoriasis negatively influences parental sleep quality
Authors: Horev Amir , Grinshpun Kobi , Forer Ester , Weissmann Sarah , Bari Romi , Sagie Nitzan , Shaki David , Golan Tripto Inbal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne‐third of psoriasis cases occur in the pediatric population. Pediatric psoriasis has a negative long‐term impact on the quality of life of children and their families. However, data regarding the impact of pediatric psoriasis on parental sleep quality are scarce.ObjectivesThis study examined the effects of pediatric psoriasis on the quality of parents' sleep compared to parents of healthy, non‐psoriatic children.MethodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire study was conducted from September 2020 to November 2021, using the validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The study population included parents of patients aged 2–18 years diagnosed with psoriasis and parents of healthy children of the same gender and ethnicity. We further compared sleep quality between parents of children with mild and moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis, and fathers to mothers.ResultsA total of 301 parents were enrolled; 151 parents of 83 children diagnosed with psoriasis and 150 parents of 124 healthy controls. Parents of children with psoriasis had significantly longer sleep latency (p = 0.031), worse subjective sleep quality (p = 0.043), and greater use of sleep medications (p < 0.001). The comparison between parents of moderate–severe with mild psoriatic children as well as mothers with fathers showed no statistical significance.ConclusionPoor sleep quality was demonstrated among parents of children diagnosed with psoriasis compared to parents of healthy children. This finding is crucial for the direction of treatment efforts regarding parental well‐being and functioning.
Income inequality is unrelated to perceived inequality and support for redistribution
Authors: Trump Kris‐Stella 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to contribute to our understanding of the relationship between income inequality, perceptions of income inequality, and support for redistribution. In particular, it asks whether income inequality affects support for redistribution by influencing perceptions of inequality.MethodsThis study combines the pay ratio measures from the International Social Survey Project with income inequality measures from the Standardized World Income Inequality Database. The analysis proceeds in three steps, asking whether (1) inequality is related to perceived inequality, (2) perceived inequality is related to preferences for inequality, and (3) perceived inequality is related to support for redistribution.ResultsIncome inequality is unrelated to perceptions of inequality. Perceptions of inequality strongly predict preferred inequality, reinforcing the prior conclusion that anchoring effects likely cause this close relationship. Perceptions of inequality also predict support for redistribution. However, because actual inequality is unrelated to perceived inequality, there is no link between actual inequality and either preferred inequality or support for redistribution.ConclusionThe overall pattern of results is consistent with the interpretation that perceptions of income inequality may be politically co‐determined with support for inequality and redistribution, instead of perceptions being mental antecedents of these attitudes.
Validation Study of a Computer-Aided Design Augmentation Tool for Cost Estimation
Authors: Patel Apurva , Ortiz Joshua , Summers Joshua D. , Mathieson James L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile fundamentals of DFMA (design for manufacturing and assembly) are widely accepted and used in the engineering community, many CAD environments lack tools that address manufacturing concerns by providing rapid feedback about costs resulting from design choices. This article presents an experiment-based testing and validation of a rapid feedback tool that provides users history-based prediction of manufacturing time based on the current state of the design. A between-subject experiment is designed to evaluate the impact of the tool on design outcomes based on modeling time, part mass, and manufacturing time. Participants in the study included mechanical engineering graduate and undergraduate students with at least one semester of experience using solidworks. The experiment included three modeling activities and three tool conditions. Participants completed up to three sessions with different experimental conditions. Analysis of the data collected shows that the use of the design tool results in a small but nonsignificant increase in modeling time. Moreover, the use of the tool results in reduced part mass on average (both between subjects and within subjects). Tool use reduced manufacturing time in open-ended activities, but increased manufacturing time when activities focus more on mass reduction. Participant feedback suggests that the tool helped guide their material removal actions by showing the impact on manufacturing time. Finally, potential improvements and future expansions of the tool are discussed.
Computational Analysis of Air/Mist Film Cooling Using a Sweeping Jet Fluidic Oscillator–Part I: Sweeping Air-Only Jet With Detailed Analysis of Vortex Dynamics
Authors: Abdelmaksoud Ramy , Wang Ting 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The sweeping jet can be a promising candidate in film cooling applications since it has a large lateral jet spreading which can be considered an advantage when compared to the regular steady jet film cooling. Fluidic oscillators can generate a sweeping jet without the need for any moving parts. In addition, they can be more conveniently manufactured by additive manufacturing techniques. This two-part paper presents a numerical study to investigate the application of using air/mist sweeping jets in film cooling for protecting turbine airfoils. Part I focuses on validating the computational mode by comparing the thermal-flow and heat transfer behavior between steady and sweeping air-only jets to ensure they are consistent with published information. Part II focuses on the mist behavior and its effect on heat transfer enhancement in the sweeping jet film cooling by adding micro-liquid droplets. An unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulation accompanied by the k–ω shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model was used in this study. A comparison is made between steady and sweeping jets at two blowing ratios (BR = 1 and 2). The results show that the steady jet provided better film cooling performance along the centerline compared to that of the sweeping jet for both blowing ratios. However, the sweeping jet provided better and more uniform film cooling performance in the spanwise direction. Both jets experienced a significant jet-liftoff when the blowing ratio was 2. The entrainment was significant in the sweeping jet case for both blowing ratios. The sweeping jet caused an increase of 9.5% in total pressure losses compared to the steady jet. It was found that for the sweeping jet, a pair of counter-rotating vortices is inward-rushing toward the wall in the center rather than outward-rushing as in a typical steady jet film cooling flow field. A detailed analysis is presented to understand the instantaneous vortex dynamics of the sweeping jet that leads to the inward rotating counter-rotating vortex pair (CRVP) (i.e., reversed CRVP). The result shows that the pair of counter-rotating vortices is just a time-averaged image of a single vortex sweeping back and forth in the domain; it does not actually exist in real time.
Numerical Simulation of Soil Heat and Moisture Migration Containing Different Stones Using Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Hu Shengkang , Han Yuge , Lin Qunqing , Ren Dengfeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIncreasing attention has been paid to the study of heat and moisture migration in soils, but little research has been done on heat and moisture transport in soils containing stones. In this paper, an improved random generation method is proposed to generate soil porous media containing different stones and a fully connected pore. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) model for multiphase flow and heat transfer is used to simulate the heat and moisture migration of four types of soils: stone-free, sandstone, limestone, and shale. The simulations show that the presence of rocks impedes the flow of fluids but enhances the heat transfer in the soil. Considering the mesoscopic nature of the LBM and the porous media model construction method, the proposed model has a potential of simulating heat and mass transfer phenomena in multiphase multi-component porous media.
Multi-Objective Optimization of an Inlet Air-Cooled Combined Cycle Power Plant
Authors: Mishra Ashutosh , Arora B. B. , Arora Akhilesh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The present work aims to investigate the effect of inlet air cooling in conjunction with other input parameters on the exergetic performance of combined cycle power plants (CCPP). To mitigate the adverse effects of high ambient temperature on performance, the CCPP has been equipped with an inlet air cooler, which lowers the air temperature at the inlet of the compressor. Under a specific combination of input parameters, the analysis revealed a maximum increase in net specific work, efficiency, and exergetic efficiency of 14.16%, 3.93%, and 5.65%, respectively. Moreover, the effects of multiple input parameters were analyzed individually and in combination. This was done in order to identify the most influential exergy-affecting parameters for the CCPP, which turned out to be the degree of cooling, pressure ratio, and turbine inlet temperature. The simulated model is then subjected to two sets of multi-objective optimization using a genetic algorithm, considering the above parameters as design variables. According to the Pareto set of optimal solutions, cooling the inlet air by 16.5 K results in the highest net-specific work output and increased exergy destruction. Increased exergy destruction, on the other hand, is undesirable. However, if the cost of power per unit is high, this could be economically advantageous.
Directed Energy Deposition With Coaxial Wire-Powder Feeding: Melt Pool Temperature and Microstructure
Authors: Zhou Yue , Ning Fuda 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this work, we developed a new additive manufacturing paradigm, coaxial wire–powder-fed directed energy deposition (CWP-DED), to enable the fabrication of metals or composites with high manufacturing flexibility and efficiency. Herein, stainless steel (SS) 316L was selected as a representative material to validate the feasibility of CWP-DED process. Effects of feed rates on the melt pool temperature during the CWP-DED process were investigated using experimental and analytical approaches. Thermal contributions of fed wire and powders to the melt pool were involved in the analytical model to predict the melt pool temperature. The experimental results from thermal imaging were also obtained for validation. Besides, we uncovered the evolution of solidification morphology and crystallographic texture with different combinations of wire and powder feed rates. Finally, the microhardness and tensile performance of different as-built parts were tested. The results showed that the powder feed rate played a more dominant role in determining the melt pool temperature than the wire feed rate. Melt pool temperature experienced an initial increase and then decrease with the powder feed rate. A fine microstructure was achieved at a low powder feed rate, producing higher microhardness and larger tensile strength. This paper revealed the relations among process, thermal variation, and microstructure of as-built metallic parts to well understand this novel DED process.