bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Componentes ético-clínicos presentes en la indicación de tratamiento en mujeres con cáncer de mama según edad de diagnóstico
Authors: Camacho Neira Jamile , Barriga Schneeberger Carolina , Ruiz Rozas Daniela , Luco Canales Lorna , Pincheira Toran Pia , Cadiz Val Fernando , Roman Lucero Eugenio 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Evaluar si existen diferencias basadas en la edad en la aproximación diagnóstica y de tratamiento del cáncer de mama. Se analizan aspectos éticos, como justicia, beneficencia y autonomía, en relación a la toma de decisiones.Material y método: Estudio descriptivo cuantitativo y corresponde a un análisis retrospectivo de la base de datos del Centro de la Mama de Clínica Alemana de Santiago, en la que se analiza información de las mujeres de 70 años o más en relación a motivo consulta, estadio de la enfermedad al momento del diagnóstico y tratamientos recibidos y se la compara con la obtenida del grupo de mujeres menores de 70 años.Resultados: No hay diferencia en la oportunidad de la consulta, en el acceso al diagnóstico ni en el tipo de cirugía entre los dos grupos. Existen diferencias significativas en relación a la indicación de tratamientos adyuvantes como quimioterapia, radioterapia y hormonoterapia. El grupo de mujeres mayores de 70 años reciben menos terapias que las mujeres de menor edad. No existe información respecto a los motivos que expliquen esta diferencia.Discusión: Actualmente mujeres mayores se encuentran en buenas condiciones generales, con una expectativa de vida mayor a 75 años. Es importante tratar sus enfermedades sin limitar a priori el acceso a protocolos de tratamiento, evitando la discriminación por edad.Conclusión: Se propone incorporar una evaluación geriátrica protocolizada con el objetivo de mejorar la atención de este grupo etario, preservando de esta manera los principios de justicia, beneficencia y autonomía en pacientes mayores.
Robotic Control in Adversarial and Sparse Reward Environments: A Robust Goal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: He Xiangkun , Lv Chen 
Published: March 2023

<p>With deep neural networks based function approximators, reinforcement learning holds the promise of learning complex end-to-end robotic controllers that can map high-dimensional sensory information directly to control policies.</p>
<p>However, a common challenge, especially for robotics, is sample-efficient learning from sparse rewards, in which an agent is required to find a long sequence of “correct” actions to achieve a desired outcome.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, inevitable perturbations on observations may make this task trickier to solve.</p>
<p>Here, this paper advances a novel robust goal-conditioned reinforcement learning approach for end-to-end robotic control in adversarial and sparse reward environments.</p>
<p>Specifically, a mixed adversarial attack scheme is presented to generate diverse adversarial perturbations on observations by combining white-box and black-box attacks. </p>
<p>Meanwhile, a hindsight experience replay technique considering observation perturbations is developed to turn a failed experience into a successful one and generate the policy trajectories perturbed by the mixed adversarial attacks.</p>
<p>Additionally, a robust goal-conditioned actor-critic method is proposed to learn goal-conditioned policies and keep the variations of the perturbed policy trajectories within bounds.</p>
<p>Finally, the proposed method is evaluated on three tasks with adversarial attacks and sparse reward settings.</p>
<p>The results indicate that our scheme can ensure robotic control performance and policy robustness on the adversarial and sparse reward tasks.</p>
Evaluation of mutations in DHCR7 gene in high-risk pregnant women for Smith Lemli Opitz Syndrome during second-trimester screening in Nasiriyah
Authors: Al-Soofi Shafaa Jawad , Zekavati Roya , Mohammadi-Asl Javad 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Smith Lemli Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) is the second most frequent metabolic disease in various populations. At the end of the cholesterol production pathway, a mutation in the dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) gene causes SLOS. DHCR7 is a membrane protein that needs the cofactor NADPH to function. In SLOS patients, more than 130 distinct DHCR7 mutations have been discovered. The impact of the DHCR7 gene mutation on the severity and symptoms of SLOS in patients, particularly high-risk pregnant women, has been recommended.
Methods: This study was performed on 20 high-risk pregnant women with SLOS at a second-trimester screening in the Nasiriyah. To detect DHCR7 gene mutations in infected individuals, DNA was collected from peripheral blood, and Sanger sequencing was performed.
Result: 20 women suspected of having SLOS with 26.7 ±8.01 years old (SD) were included. 70% (14) of families had a history of having a child with SLOS disorder. In contrast, the 30 % (6) remaining families had never had SLOS before and were discovered during pregnancy. Only 4 pregnant women (20%) identified with DHCR7 mutation. The DHCR7 gene was analyzed from exons 1 to 9, and a c.445C> T (CAA-TAA) mutation was detected in exon 6 of this gene.
Conclusion: According to the findings of prior studies and the present study, the sequencing of the DHCR7 gene can detect around 96 percent of known variations and pathogens; therefore, the identification and analysis of the DHCR7 gene during pregnancy and screening for SLOS may be claimed to be beneficial.
Characteristics Of The Pseudomonas aeruginosa And How To Prevention From Them.
Authors: J. Abdul Hussain Mytham , Mshachal Mervet 
Published: March 2023

The infections that causes by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is usually responsible for the nosocomial infections of the United States. Occurs in the each year approximality 51,000 cases of P. aeruginosa infections , and the persons the most risk of infection are those most exposer into equipment of hospital that has not well desinfection such as ventilation of mechanical and catheters.Some strains of P. aeruginosa that mutate or those that production of β-Lactamase enzymes that resistance into penicillins.The enzymes of β-Lactamase acts on the disruption into atomic structure of Carbapenems , Penicillins, Monobactams and Cephalosporins , and also the mechanisms that provides to resistance into penicillins such as efflux pumps of genetically encoded that acting as transmembrane proteins that help to secrete toxic materials. The mutations that influence to expression of gene for P. aeruginosa provide immune to support antimicrobials. So that results into decrease of specific genes that leads into production wide spectrum of β-Lactamase. The immune increase against penicillin and other antibiotics is important role play to the stay length of a patient's in hospital and rate of mortality.The conjugation of bacteria role play to an increase resistance for the antibiotics and some P. aeruginosa strains have become immune against all penicillins.The P. aeruginosa of illumination that leds into provides measures of preventative and steps that leads to fight of outbreaks nosocomial . These review aids into address mechanisms of resistance and discuss the preventative measures and its effectiveness that used today.
The use of cohesive soils improved with lime as an example of circular economy in earthworks
Authors: Gosk Wojciech 
Published: March 2023

A common practice in civil engineering during earthworks is the usual replacement of cohesive soils (fine soils), excavated during earthworks, with non-cohesive soils (coarse soils). Until recently, such a procedure was dictated primarily by economic and technical reasons. From an economic point of view, the ease of access and therefore low cost of using such soils instead of cohesive soils was crucial. The technical reason is, above all, the ease of compacting fine soils (as opposed to cohesive soils) and well-developed and well-known engineering methods for controlling their compaction.
The situation changed radically when the new environmental regulations came into force and enforcement by the inspection authorities began. Currently, soil removed from a construction site according to regulations should be classified as waste. This fact has completely changed the approach of participants in the construction process to the use of local soils, especially cohesive soils (e.g. clays). Their use "on site" has stopped being an expensive option and has become a necessity.
This paper presents aspects of the use of lime-improved cohesive soils that can be successfully used on site as excavation backfill. Problems related to the proper preparation of soil-lime composites are described, as well as the results of compaction tests. The paper presents the author's own methodology for selecting the content of quicklime in the soil-lime composite.
Halting climate change by achieving net-zero CO2 emissions with circular and renewable energy sources
Authors: STASZEWSKI Tomasz 
Published: March 2023

This study analyses the role of the circular economy (CE) and renewable energy sources (RES) in bringing human activity to a climate-neutral state. At the same time, it was pointed out that achieving this neutrality allows to achieve a net-zero level of CO2 emissions, as well as significantly reduces the emission of other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In order to more fully illustrate the issue of climate change inhibition adopted for analysis in this article, the basic concepts, characteristics of the essence of circular economy and individual types of RES were defined, and it was also shown that the use of these methods in broadly understood human activity is necessary to achieve zero net CO2 emissions, which creates opportunities to stop "extreme climate madness".
The purpose of this article is to present the role of circular economy and renewable energy sources in achieving climate neutrality of human activity, as well as the influence of Putin's imperial policy on the course of this process.
Pengaturan Wewenang, Tugas dan Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa di Desa Marga Dauh Puri
Authors: Adi Putra I Gede , Saravistha Deli Bunga 
Published: March 2023

Penyelenggaran Pemerintahan Desa akan tersusun dan terarah dengan baik bahkan lebih maju apabila di berbagai lapisan masyarakat desa memiliki kesadaran terhadap Pemerintahan Desa yang di dampingin Badan Pemusyawaratan Desa (BPD). Sehingga seluruh masyarakat akan terwakili kepentinganya untuk mencapai Pemerintahan Desa yang demokratis, jujur, bersih dan bebas dari KKN. Dengan demikian penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Desa termasuk Desa Marga Dauh Puri haruslah mengacu pada peraturan pemerintah yang ditetapkan yakni sesuai dengan Undang-UndangNo23 Tahun 2014 TentangPemerintahan Daerah, Undang-UndangNomor 6 Tahun 2014 TentangDesa, Undang-Undang No 12 Tahun 2005 Tentang ICCPR dan Permendagri Nomor 110 Tahun 2016, Pasal 32 Tentang Badan Pemusyawaratan Desamengingatkan adanya sistem pemerintahan agar lebih efektif dan efisien serta demokrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Hukum Empiris yang akan mendeskripsikan Tugas dan Fungsi Badan PemrusyawaratanDesa dalam menjunjung tinggi nilai demokrasi di Desa Marga DauhPuri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris. Setelah data terkumpul maka dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang desa pasal 55 dijabarkan tentang fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa Sampai dengan saat ini BPD telah dapat menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya meskipun masih dalam taraf orientasi, terbukti sejak 2019-2022 BPD Bersama Pemerintah Desa Marga Dauh Puri telah berhasil membuat 28 Perdes , dan Pembangunan di Banjar Ole dan Banjar Kelaci. Dari hasil penelitian diatas peran BPD dalam menampung dan menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat di Desa Marga Dauh Puri, semua jawaban menunjukkan kearah yang baik. BPD dituntut untuk melakukan perannya antara lain mengenalkan nilai-nilai demokrasi Pancasila kepada masyarakat desa pada umumnya dan pelaksanaan pemerintahan desa pada khususnya.
Memaksimalkan Sosial Media Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Produk Home Industri
Authors: Pekerti Luh Gede Putri Kusuma 
Published: March 2023

Kukuh Village is one of the villages located in Kerambitan District, Tabanan Regency, Bali. One of the home industry entrepreneurs in Kukuh Village is now using banana tree midrib which can be processed as a snack for banana stem chips. Banana stem chips are one of the unique snacks known in Bali as Gedebong Chips. The home industry players who make banana midrib chips have difficulty in marketing the products they produce, so that not many people know about this banana stem chips. Social media is one of the tools used in marketing products digitally to increase sales. Whether it's through social media Instagram, facebook, whatsapp, tik tok and other social media. The method of implementing this activity provides counseling and direct practice to home industry business actors regarding how to use social media and how to market products. This community service aims to maximize the use of social media in increasing sales of home industry products for banana stem chips.
Clinical and diagnostic features of uncontrolled hypertension and including hypertensive crisis
Authors: Solntseva T. D. , Sivakova O. A. , Chazova I. E. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To study clinical and diagnostic data, risk factors, the state of target organs damage (TOD) and prevalence of clinical associated conditions in patients with a hypertensive crisis and uncontrolled arterial hypertension.Materials and methods. The study included 297 patients hospitalized at the E.I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology over the period from September 2019 to March 2022 with the presence of uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure (BP) above 140/90 mm Hg while taking antihypertensive therapy). Patients were spread into two groups depending on the increase in the frequency of BP: group 1 (n=149) – uncontrolled hypertension with a hypertensive crisis (increase in BP 1 or more per week and/or the presence of severe clinical symptoms), and group 2 (n=148) – uncontrolled hypertension (increase in blood pressure more than 140/90 mm Hg less than 1 per week and/ or without severe clinical symptoms). The presence of risk factors in these groups was analyzed. At the baseline and after 12 months, the presence and severity of TOD (left ventricular mass index (LVMI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), severe retinopathy), history of/occurrence of clinical associated conditions were assessed.Results. There are significant elevated levels of uric acid, triglycerides, body mass index, heart rate, blood pressure indicators among the risk factors in the group of patients with hypertensive crisis. Patients in the group 1 showed higher rates of LVMI at the baseline and during follow-up for 12 months (baseline – 107±28 g/m2, after a year of follow-up 112±27 g/m2). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is lower in patients with hypertensive crisis (initially – 81.5±19.04 ml/min/1.73m2, after 12 months of observation 74.8±18.06 ml/min/1.73m2). There are significant differences in coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2) among clinical associated conditions. After 12 months of observation, acute cerebrovascular accident, coronary artery disease and diabetes occur more often in group 1.Conclusion. Uncontrolled hypertension with a hypertensive crisis manifestation is a release of hypertension associated with severe TOD and a high prevalence of clinical associated conditions.
CEERS Key Paper. I. An Early Look into the First 500 Myr of Galaxy Formation with JWST
Authors: Finkelstein Steven L. , Bagley Micaela B. , Ferguson Henry C. , Wilkins Stephen M. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Papovich Casey , Yung L. Y. Aaron , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Behroozi Peter , Dickinson Mark , Kocevski Dale D. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Larson Rebecca L. , Le Bail Aurélien , Morales Alexa M. , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Burgarella Denis , Davé Romeel , Hirschmann Michaela , Somerville Rachel S. , Wuyts Stijn , Bromm Volker , Casey Caitlin M. , Fontana Adriano , Fujimoto Seiji , Gardner Jonathan P. , Giavalisco Mauro , Grazian Andrea , Grogin Norman A. , Hathi Nimish P. , Hutchison Taylor A. , Jha Saurabh W. , Jogee Shardha , Kewley Lisa J. , Kirkpatrick Allison , Long Arianna S. , Lotz Jennifer M. , Pentericci Laura , Pierel Justin D. R. , Pirzkal Nor , Ravindranath Swara , Ryan Russell E. , Trump Jonathan R. , Yang Guang , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Bisigello Laura , Buat Véronique , Calabrò Antonello , Castellano Marco , Cleri Nikko J. , Cooper M. C. , Croton Darren , Daddi Emanuele , Dekel Avishai , Elbaz David , Franco Maximilien , Gawiser Eric , Holwerda Benne W. , Huertas-Company Marc , Jaskot Anne E. , Leung Gene C. K. , Lucas Ray A. , Mobasher Bahram , Pandya Viraj , Tacchella Sandro , Weiner Benjamin J. , Zavala Jorge A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present an investigation into the first 500 Myr of galaxy evolution from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey. CEERS, one of 13 JWST ERS programs, targets galaxy formation from z ∼ 0.5 to >10 using several imaging and spectroscopic modes. We make use of the first epoch of CEERS NIRCam imaging, spanning 35.5 arcmin2, to search for candidate galaxies at z > 9. Following a detailed data reduction process implementing several custom steps to produce high-quality reduced images, we perform multiband photometry across seven NIRCam broad- and medium-band (and six Hubble broadband) filters focusing on robust colors and accurate total fluxes. We measure photometric redshifts and devise a robust set of selection criteria to identify a sample of 26 galaxy candidates at z ∼ 9–16. These objects are compact with a median half-light radius of ∼0.5 kpc. We present an early estimate of the z ∼ 11 rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) luminosity function, finding that the number density of galaxies at M
UV ∼ −20 appears to evolve very little from z ∼ 9 to 11. We also find that the abundance (surface density [arcmin−2]) of our candidates exceeds nearly all theoretical predictions. We explore potential implications, including that at z > 10, star formation may be dominated by top-heavy initial mass functions, which would result in an increased ratio of UV light per unit halo mass, though a complete lack of dust attenuation and/or changing star formation physics may also play a role. While spectroscopic confirmation of these sources is urgently required, our results suggest that the deeper views to come with JWST should yield prolific samples of ultrahigh-redshift galaxies with which to further explore these conclusions.
A New Limit on Intergalactic Magnetic Fields on Subkiloparsec Scales from Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Padmanabhan Hamsa , Loeb Abraham 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We use the measured scattering timescales of fast radio bursts (FRBs) from the CHIME catalog to derive an upper limit on the magnetic field on subkiloparsec scales in the intergalactic medium (IGM). A nonmagnetized, photoionized IGM is insufficient to explain the turbulent scattering at all redshifts, with a warm-hot component being marginally consistent with the data at z ∼ 1. Accounting for the lower envelope of the temporal smearing distribution with a nonzero magnetic field leads to upper limits B < 10–30 nG on scales of 0.07–0.20 kpc in the IGM at z ∼ 1–2. Our work introduces a novel technique to constrain small-scale magnetic fields in the IGM, in a regime unexplored by the rotation and dispersion measures of FRBs.
Associations of rs1799794 and rs1799796 polymorphisms with risk of breast cancer
Authors: Niu Heng , Yang Jingyu , Chen Xin 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the rs1799794 and rs1799796 polymorphisms of X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) in relation to breast cancer susceptibility.

Materials and Methods:
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for eligible studies published until June 24, 2019. All analyses were carried out using Stata 14.0 software. Subgroup analyses were performed according to cancer types, ethnicity, source of controls, and method.

Results:
Our meta-analysis included articles reporting 13 studies of SNP rs1799794 and seven articles reporting 10 studies of SNP rs1799796. Overall, significant associations were observed between the XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism and breast cancer risk in the dominant model and heterozygote model (GG + AG vs. AA: odds ratio [OR] =1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.11, P = 0.037, I
2= 47%; AG vs. AA: OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02–1.13, P = 0.006, I
2= 42.3%) and between the XRCC3 rs1799796 polymorphism and breast cancer risk in the homozygote model (GG vs. AA: OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84–0.99, P = 0.021, I
2= 33.3%).

Conclusions:
The results of this meta-analysis suggest that the variant G allele of the XRCC3 rs1799794 polymorphism is a low-penetrant risk factor for developing breast cancer, whereas the variant G allele of the XRCC3 rs1799796 polymorphism has a protective effect against breast cancer development.
Comprehensive Aspect of Water Consumption
Authors: Jane Rutuja Rajabhau , Khandekar Vrushali 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Water consumption is a science and an art as well. Drinking water is so natural that, people drink water without even getting noticed. Some people drink water without getting thirsty. It is necessary to educate the public about rules of drinking water. Ayurveda has very meticulously stated the rules of water consumption. Present study is an attempt to make sensitive the clinicians and the public in general regarding water consumption.

Objectives:
1. To evaluate the role of Ushapaan 2. To decide identification of drinking warm or cold water 3. To describe the seasonal variation of drinking water 4. To decide the quantity and timing of drinking water 5. To determine the diet and water relationship 6. To evaluate the remedial effect of water.

Material and Methods:
A review of water consumption was done from various classical Samhitas, books, research articles, clinical trials and web sites.

Discussion:
In this review, some issues related with water consumption has discussed like types of water, rules of drinking water (Jalapanvidhi), seasonal variations of drinking water, Ushapaan (Drinking of water on an empty stomach), quantity of drinking water, diet and water: Relationship, therapeutic water consumption and water consumption in sports persons.

Conclusion:
The present study comes to the conclusion that if one follows various rules and directions of water consumption, it will benefit in retaining the health and helps in curing the ailments.