bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphdiyne-polymer composites for a hybrid bound-state pulsed fiber laser
Authors: Nie Liang , Zhao Yang , Guo Penglai , Wang Wei , Jin Zhiwen , Zhang Danni , Li Xiaohui , Guo Yixuan , Chai Tong , Liu Ruisheng 
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the graphdiyne (GDY)-polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) films are prepared by a spin-coating method. The PMMA films have the function of isolating GDY from air and protecting the GDY from mechanical damage. The nonlinear optical properties of GDY-PMMA films are probed experimentally. The nonlinear optical responses of GDY-PMMA films with a modulation depth of ∼4.94% and saturated magnetization of ∼0.3MW/cm2 are proved. When the GDY-PMMA films are applied to an erbium-doped hybrid passively mode-locked fiber laser (saturable absorber), the bound-state solitons, which are also called soliton molecules, can be obtained. The soliton molecule has a time separation of 13.31 ps, and the spectral modulation period of 0.58 nm. Along with the pump power increase, the separation of bound-state pulses becomes larger. When the pump power is fixed, stable bound solitons can be observed without any degeneration for more than 4.5 h. It is demonstrated that GDY-PMMA films have excellent nonlinear optical performance in a near-infrared regime, which we believe can be a novel type of photonics instrument and has a number of properties that are potentially promising in the ultrafast properties of laser.
Universal visible emitters in nanoscale integrated photonics
Authors: Spektor G. , Carlson D. , Newman Z. , Skarda J. L. , Sapra N. , Su L. , Jammi S. , Ferdinand A. R. , Agrawal A. , Vučković J. , Papp S. B. 
Published: May 2023

Visible wavelengths of light control the quantum matter of atoms and
molecules and are foundational for quantum technologies, including
computers, sensors, and clocks. The development of visible integrated
photonics opens the possibility for scalable circuits with complex
functionalities, advancing both science and technology frontiers. We
experimentally demonstrate an inverse design approach based on the
superposition of guided mode sources, allowing the generation and
complete control of free-space radiation directly from within a single
150 nm layer , showing low loss across visible and
near-infrared spectra. We generate diverging circularly polarized
beams at the challenging 461 nm wavelength that can be directly used
for magneto-optical traps of strontium atoms, constituting a
fundamental building block for a range of atomic-physics-based quantum
technologies. Our generated topological vortex beams and the potential
for spatially varying polarization emitters could open unexplored
light–matter interaction pathways, enabling a broad new
photonic–atomic paradigm. Our platform highlights the generalizability
of nanoscale devices for visible-laser emission and will be critical
for scaling quantum technologies.
Soluble Vascular Adhesion Protein 1 (sVAP-1) as a biomarker for pregnancy complications: A pilot study
Authors: Danielli Marianna , Thomas Roisin C. , Gillies Clare L. , Lambert David G. , Khunti Kamlesh , Tan Bee Kang 
Published: May 2023

Background
Vascular adhesion protein 1 (VAP-1) has been implicated in a wide range of clinical conditions. Moreover, serum levels are associated with disease prediction and progression in several clinical studies. There is a paucity of data on VAP-1 and pregnancy. Given the emerging role of VAP-1 in pregnancy, the aim of this study was to examine sVAP-1 as an early biomarker of pregnancy complications, especially hypertension during pregnancy. The objectives of the study are to associate sVAP-1 levels with other pregnancy complications, patient demographics and blood tests performed throughout pregnancy.

Methods
We conducted a pilot study in a cohort of pregnant women (gestational week lower than 20 at the time of recruitment) attending their first antenatal ultrasound scan at the Leicester Royal Infirmary (LRI, UK). Data were both prospectively generated (from blood sample analysis) and retrospectively collected (from hospital records).

Results
From July and October 2021, a total of 91 participants were enrolled. Using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), we found reduced serum levels of sVAP-1 in pregnant women with either pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (310 ng/mL) or GDM (366.73 ng/mL) as compared to controls (427.44 ng/mL and 428.34 ng/mL, respectively). No significant difference was found between women with FGR compared to controls (424.32 ng/mL vs 424.52 ng/mL), and patients with any pregnancy complications compared to healthy pregnancies (421.28 ng/mL vs 428.34 ng/mL).

Conclusion
Further studies are needed to establish whether or not sVAP-1 might be considered as an early, non-invasive, and affordable biomarker to screen women who will develop PIH or GDM. Our data will aid sample size calculations for such larger studies.
Patients’ experience of undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. An interview study from Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrie Mignote Hailu , Asfaw Hussen Mekonnen , Bilchut Workagegnehu Hailu , Lindgren Helena , Wettergren Lena 
Published: May 2023

Background
People with kidney failure require renal replacement therapy in the form of dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival. Many facets of their life, both within and outside the dialysis unit, are impacted by the management of this disease. It is important to comprehend the experiences of people undergoing hemodialysis in order to improve the care provided to them. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Ethiopia.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted at two healthcare facilities in Ethiopia. Individual interviews with 15 participants (men and women aged 19–63), undergoing hemodialysis in Ethiopia, were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
The analysis resulted in five themes: Feeling grateful, Facing a restricted life, a Supportive environment, Dreaming of a transplant, and Leading a hassled life. The subthemes include Trust in treatment, Faith in God, Challenging fluid and dietary restrictions, Being too fatigued to socialize, Being stigmatized, Family and social support, Supportive healthcare, Lacking a donor and sponsor, COVID-19 as a barrier, Financial constraints, Inaccessibility to care and transport and Access line implantation. Despite being dependent on a machine and having to deal with food and fluid restrictions as well as financial challenges, participants were hopeful and dreamed of a transplant.

Conclusion
From the study’s participants, it was discovered that the experiences of people with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis were generally, considerably negative narratives. Based on the results we recommend development of multidisciplinary teams to better meet patients’ physical, emotional, and social needs while undergoing hemodialysis. Such a team should also involve the patient’s family members when caring for patients on hemodialysis.
Understanding fertility behavior of the Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Bangladesh: A qualitative study
Authors: Hossain Md. Anwer , Hossain Mohammad Bellal 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Rohingya- the Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN)- are largely characterized by a high total fertility rate (TFR) and a low contraceptive prevalence rate. This study aimed to explore the reasons behind their high fertility behavior by utilizing the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Data and method
We adopted a cross-sectional qualitative research approach. Fifteen semi-structured, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with the Rohingya husbands, wives, and community leaders (Majhi and Imam/Khatib) living in Camps 1 and 2 of Ukhiya Refugee Camp, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. We analyzed the qualitative data using the thematic analysis approach.

Results
The Muslim-majority FDMN predominantly constructed the fertility outcome as the will and order of Allah. On the one hand, the Rohingya parents highlighted various religious, political, economic, and social advantages of having more children, especially sons. On the other hand, beliefs about religious restriction, fear of side effects, and community pressure against contraception sustained the reality of the low contraceptive prevalence rate in the community. Alarmingly, the Rohingya religious leaders and mass people were found highly politically motivated to continue the practice of high fertility with a view to ’expanding the Rohingya community’ or ’to increase Muslim soldiers’, so that they may fight back and take control of their ancestors’ place in Myanmar in the future. Furthermore, these pronatalist attitudes and beliefs translated into high TFR through various high-fertility-supportive social norms and practices widely prevalent in the Rohingya community. These include child marriage, gendered division of labor, women’s subordinate nature, the Purdah system, and joint-family members’ support during childbirth and rearing.

Conclusion
Religion, ethnic identity, and the unique political context and experiences of the Rohingya people jointly explain their high fertility behavior. This study warrants the urgency of initiating social and behavior change communication programs to change the religiopolitically-motivated high-fertility notions that prevailed in the Rohingya community.
Effects of physical activity on Chinese overseas students’ mental health during the COVID-19: A multi-country cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Nie Yingjun , Ma Yuanyan , Yao Xiaozhi , Gao Yijia , Zheng Xiangping 
Published: May 2023

Background
COVID-19 caused severe effects on the psychological well-being of Chinese students overseas (COS). Physical activity (PA) is critical to strengthen immunity, prevent infection, and reduce the psychological burden caused by COVID-19. However, there is a severe lack of effective PA intervention for mental health in most countries, and COS have limited access to mental healthcare during the pandemic.

Objective
We aim to examine the effects of PA on COS’ mental health during the pandemic abroad and to better understand that certain types of PA might be associated with a greater reduction in psychological burdens during the pandemic.

Methods and results
In a multi-country cross-sectional analysis, a questionnaire was distributed to COS living in 37 foreign countries via WeChat Subscription using a snowball sampling strategy. A total of 10,846 participants were included. Descriptive statistics and Binary logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. We found that COS had negative psychology during the pandemic, especially with fear (2.90, 95% CI 2.88−2.92), anxiety (2.84, 95% CI 2.82−2.85), and stress (2.71, 95% CI 2.69−2.73). PA had meaningful effects on reducing COS self-reported mental health burdens (3.42, 95% CI 3.41–3.44) during the pandemic. The largest associations were seen for recreational and home-based PA (i.e., family games, home aerobic exercise), individual outdoor PA (i.e., walking or running, rope skipping), and PA with a duration of 30 to 70 min per session at frequencies of 4 to 6 times and a total of 150 to 330 min of moderate and vigorous intensity per week tends to be an optimal choice during social distancing times.

Conclusions
COS had several poor mental health conditions during the pandemic. The improvement of PA on COS’ psychology was positively effective during the pandemic. Specific types, intensities, durations, and frequencies of PA might have advantages over others for improving COS’ mental health during periods of public health emergencies, and the topic may merit interventional study to reveal multiple factors causing COS’ psychological burdens and enrich the PA forms for all COS’ mental health improvement (i.e., infected, recovered, and asymptomatic COS).
Psychiatric disorders comorbid with general medical illnesses and functional somatic disorders: The Lifelines cohort study
Authors: Creed Francis 
Published: May 2023

Objective
It is not clear why psychiatric disorders are more prevalent in the functional somatic syndromes than other general medical illnesses. This study assessed the correlates of psychiatric disorders in 3 functional syndromes and 3 general medical illnesses in a population-based sample.

Methods
The Lifelines cohort study included 122,366 adults with relevant data for 6 self-reported conditions: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and diabetes. For each condition the proportion with a DSM-IV psychiatric disorder was assessed. In a cross-sectional design, logistic regression identified at baseline the variables most closely associated with current psychiatric disorder in participants with a pre-existing medical or functional condition. In a separate analysis the prevalence of psychiatric disorder prior to onset of these conditions was assessed. This was a longitudinal study with psychiatric disorder assessed at baseline in participants who subsequently developed a general medical or functional condition between baseline and follow-up.

Results
The prevalence of psychiatric disorder was higher (17–27%) in the functional somatic syndromes than the general medical illnesses (10.4–11.7%). The variables closely associated with psychiatric disorder were similar in the functional syndromes and general medical illnesses: stressful life events, chronic personal health difficulties, neuroticism, poor perception of general health, impairment of function due to physical illness and reported previous (lifetime) psychiatric disorder. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder prior to development of these disorder was similar to that of established disorders.

Conclusion
Despite the difference in prevalence, the correlates of psychiatric disorders were similar in functional and general medical disorders and included predisposing and environmental factors. The increased rate of psychiatric disorder in functional somatic syndromes appears to be evident before onset of the syndrome.
Exclusive breastfeeding among beneficiaries of a nutrition enhancement programme and its associated factors in Ghana
Authors: Adokiya Martin Nyaaba , Bukari Mohammed , Ndago Joyce A. , Kuganab-Lem Robert B. , Garti Humphrey , Konlan Matthew Y. , Amoasah Amata Atinlie , Ali Zakari 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Despite the gains on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), recent nationwide surveys have consistently revealed a decline in EBF rates in Ghana. The World Food Programme implemented an intervention for Enhanced Nutrition and Value Chain (ENVAC) which was based on three pillars including pregnant women, lactating women, adolescent and children under two years old being beneficiaries of the third pillar since the first 1000 days are critical for averting malnutrition. The social behavior change communication (SBCC) interventions implemented as part of this project have a potential to increase EBF among beneficiaries but this has not been measured. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of EBF practice among mothers with children under two years old who were beneficiaries of the ENVAC project and its associated factors in northern Ghana.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study involving 339 mother-child pairs in two districts of the northern region of Ghana. Participants were mother-child pairs who benefitted from the ENVAC project, which used SBCC strategies to promote good feeding and care practices as well as address other causes of malnutrition during antenatal care and child welfare clinic services among pregnant women, lactating mothers, and children under two years. We used WHO standard questionnaire to assess breastfeeding practices. Factors associated with EBF were modelled using multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Exclusive breastfeeding was 74.6% (95%CI = 69.5% -79.2%) in the ENVAC project areas, a 31.7% points higher than recent national levels. Adjusted analyses showed that EBF practice was associated with increasing maternal education: moderately educated women [aOR = 4.1 (95% CI = 2.17–7.66), P<0.001], and high [aOR = 9.15, (95% CI = 3.3–25.36), P<0.001], and access to pipe-borne water in households [aOR = 2.87, (95% CI = 1.11–7.43), P = 0.029].

Conclusion
A social behaviour change communication strategy implemented by ENVAC to lactating mothers likely improved exclusive breastfeeding practice in two districts of northern Ghana. EBF practices were higher among beneficiaries with high education and households with access to pipe-borne water. A combination of SBCC strategies and maternal and household factors are likely the best way to increase EBF rates in impoverished communities and warrants further investigation through future research.
The Promise of Fog Capture
Authors: Ojani Chakad 
Published: May 2023

This article centers on an NGO-induced fog-capture project in Lima, Peru. While presented by the NGO as an alternative water-supply system for residents lacking state infrastructure, the fog catchers ultimately failed to live up to promises about potable water. Yet as fog turned into a material impossibility, the project’s failure yielded a series of new possibilities and expectations, for instance about the potential acquisition of a piece of land. The fog catchers creatively informed other, ongoing processes of improvised urbanization, meaning that the failure became not an end point but a site of emergence whereby the temporality of the fog-capture project folded into parallel rhythms of socio-material transformation. In conclusion, I suggest that the failure be understood not as simply dictated by a larger politico-economic order but as a generative moment through which certain urban configurations became momentarily exposed and could be productively acted on.

RESUMEN

Este artículo se centra en un proyecto de captura de niebla inducido por una ONG en Lima, Perú. Si bien, la ONG presentó el proyecto como un sistema alternativo de suministro de agua para los residentes que carecen de infraestructura estatal, los atrapanieblas finalmente no cumplieron las promesas sobre el agua potable. Sin embargo, a medida que la niebla se convirtió en una imposibilidad material, el fracaso del proyecto generó una serie de nuevas posibilidades y expectativas, por ejemplo, la adquisición de un terreno. Los atrapanieblas informaron creativamente sobre otros procesos en curso como parte de la urbanización improvisada, lo que significó que la falla no se convirtió en un punto final sino en un sitio de emergencia mediante el cual la temporalidad del proyecto de captura de niebla se desplegó en ritmos paralelos de transformación sociomaterial. En conclusión, sugiero que el fracaso se entienda no simplemente dictada por un orden político-económico más amplio, sino como un momento generativo, a través de la cual, ciertas configuraciones urbanas quedaron momentáneamente expuestas y se pudo actuar productivamente sobre ellas.
On local fractional integral inequalities via generalized
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\left({\tilde{h}}_{1},{\tilde{h}}_{2})
-preinvexity involving local fractional integral operators with Mittag-Leffler kernel
Authors: Vivas-Cortez Miguel , Bibi Maria , Muddassar Muhammad , Al-Sa’di Sa’ud 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Local fractional integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type involving local fractional integral operators with Mittag-Leffler kernel have been previously studied for generalized convexities and preinvexities. In this article, we analyze Hermite-Hadamard-type local fractional integral inequalities via generalized

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1

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\left({\tilde{h}}_{1},{\tilde{h}}_{2})

-preinvex function comprising local fractional integral operators and Mittag-Leffler kernel. In addition, two examples are discussed to ensure that the derived consequences are correct. As an application, we construct an inequality to establish central moments of a random variable.
Mechanical and dielectric properties of Cissus Quadrangularis fiber-reinforced epoxy/TiB2 hybrid composites
Authors: Mani Vijayakumar , Krishnaswamy Kumaresan , Arockiasamy Felix Sahayaraj , Manickam Tamil Selvan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study focus on fabricating a Cissus Quadrangularis Fiber (CQF) reinforced epoxy hybrid composite with the addition of titanium diboride (TiB2) as filler. A compression molding technique was employed to fabricate the composite samples. The volume of the CQF was maintained at 30 wt%, and TiB2 was added with various weight proportions ranging from 0 % to 10 %. The mechanical, thermal, viscoelastic, and dielectric properties of the hybrid composite samples were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the impact of filler addition on the matrix-fiber bonding of the tensile fractured test specimens. The results revealed that the composite with 8 wt% filler produced high mechanical properties and comparable dielectric properties. Based on these findings, the fabricated composites are recommended for suitable applications in the automotive, electrical, and construction industries.
Women’s property rights in the Archaic and Classical Cypriot city-kingdoms?
Authors: Pestarino Beatrice 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the law of the Cypriot city-kingdoms in the Archaic and Classical periods. New insights concern the property rights of upper-class women from Cyprus, specifically from Idalion. The paper provides a fresh analysis of the content of the Idalion Bronze Tablet and of two scarab-seals. The data coming from their examination are compared with the iconography of women in Cyprus and the contents of two paragraphs of Lysias’ speech,On the Property of Aristophanes. The analysis of these testimonies demonstrates that in the Archaic and Classical periods, Cypriot upper-class women may have been landowners who rented out their properties, may have owned personal seals, and conceivably, may have managed family estates in the event of their husband’s death.
A new approach to the interpretation of B-type natriuretic peptide concentration in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Svobodov Andrei A. , Kupryashov Aleksei A. , Dobroserdova Tatayna K. , Levchenko Elena G. , Tumanyan Margarita R. , Anderson Aleksei G. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
BNP is the unique cardiac marker that reflects not as much as the degree of heart muscle damage, but mostly the severity of hemodynamic disorder, which is important in congenital heart disease. The only disadvantage of this marker is the barely studied reference values for children. It is known that the younger the child is, the higher the BNP value will be. By shifting from interpreting the absolute values towards the application of zlog-transformed data in clinical practice, we can overcome the above problems.

Methods
We performed an age-adjusted zlog transformation of BNP concentration. The age dependence was accounted for by a piecewise linear interpolation of the logarithms of BNP concentration among healthy children in different age groups from the logarithms of age.

Results
The concentration of BNP was measured in 351 patients (under 1 year old) with various heart diseases. The median age at the time of testing was 52 days [10; 166]; the median weight was 4.1 kg [3.2; 6.2]. The conditions we investigated included almost all known congenital heart diseases, as well as primary cardiac tumors. After the zlog transformation, we eliminated age-dependence, which was proved by comparing BNP concentrations in two groups of patients with univentricular and biventricular hemodynamics.

Conclusions
BNP in patients with congenital heart disease reflects the severity of hemodynamic disorders, and zlogBNP is an objective, age-independent and clear mechanism that can be used to interpret this cardiac marker.