bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The AMADEUS score is not a sufficient predictor for functional outcome after high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Heinz Tizian , Meller Felix , Luetkens Karsten Sebastian , Anderson Philip Mark , Stratos Ioannis , Horas Konstantin , Rudert Maximilian , Reppenhagen Stephan , Weißenberger Manuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeThe Area Measurement And Depth Underlying Structures (AMADEUS) classification system has been proposed as a valuable tool for magnetic resonance (MR)‐based grading of preoperatively encountered chondral defects of the knee joint. However, the potential relationship of this novel score with clinical data was yet to determine. It was the primary intention of this study to assess the correlative relationship of the AMADEUS with patient reported outcome scores in patients undergoing medial open‐wedge high tibial valgus osteotomy (HTO). Furthermore, the arthroscopic ICRS (International Cartilage Repair Society) grade evaluation was tested for correlation with the AMADEUS classification system.MethodsThis retrospective, monocentric study found a total of 70 individuals that were indicated for HTO due to degenerative chondral defects of the medial compartment between 2008 and 2019. A preoperative MR image as well as a pre‐osteotomy diagnostic arthroscopy for ICRS grade evaluation was mandatory for all patients. The Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) including its five subscale scores (KOOS‐ADL, KOOS‐QOL, KOOS‐Sports, KOOS‐Pain, KOOS‐Symptoms) was obtained preoperatively and at a mean follow‐up of 41.2 ± 26.3 months. Preoperative chondral defects were evaluated using the AMADEUS classification system and the final AMADEUS scores were correlated with the pre‐ and postoperative KOOS subscale sores. Furthermore, arthroscopic ICRS defect severity was correlated with the AMADEUS classification system.ResultsThere was a statistically significant correlation between the AMADEUS BME (bone marrow edema) subscore and the KOOS Symptoms subscore at the preoperative visit (r = 0.25, p = 0.04). No statistically significant monotonic association between the AMADEUS total score and the AMADEUS grade with pre‐ and postoperative KOOS subscale scores were found. Intraoperatively obtained ICRS grade did reveal a moderate correlative relation with the AMADEUS total score and the AMADEUS grade (r = 0.28, p = 0.02).ConclusionsThe novel AMADEUS classification system largely lacks correlative capacity with patient reported outcome measures in patients undergoing HTO. The MR tomographic appearance of bone marrow edema is the only parameter predictive of the clinical outcome at the preoperative visit.
Economic barriers and gaps to reach the desirable consumption of salt, sugar, and fat in Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Amerzadeh Mohammad , Takian Amirhossein , Pouraram Hamed , Akbari Sari Ali , Ostovar Afshin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, specifically cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancers, respiratory diseases, and diabetes are the main reason for more than two-thirds of global deaths, in which the unhealthy diet is one of the primary risk factors. The golden solution to reducing obesity and CVD linked to an unhealthy diet is to reduce calories, salt, sugar, and fat intake. Besides, activities highlighting lifestyles that contain healthy diets usually focus on reducing salt, sugar, and saturated fat consumption. As a result, the researchers aimed to study the gaps and economic barriers to recommended consumption of salt, sugar, and fat in Iran, based on WHO recommendations.

Methods
This is a qualitative study. We conducted semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 30 stakeholders, including academics, experts, and key informants in different sectors from December 2018 until August 2019 in Tehran, Iran. We used a purposeful and snowball sampling method to select participants. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed using MAXQDA 11.

Results
Economic problems and inflation in Iran caused people to eat more unhealthy foods, while a healthy diet consumption was reduced due to higher prices. Unfair political sanctions imposed on the country caused economic pressure and adversely affected family nutrition. Worse still, despite legal bans, advertising unhealthy foods via media, mainly to generate revenue, encouraged more consumption of unhealthy food. The lack of targeted subsidies and failure in tax legislation and implementation related to the unhealthy products deteriorated the conditions.

Conclusion
Some economic barriers have hampered plans to reduce salt, fat, and sugar consumption in Iran. Fundamental reforms in the tax and subsidy system are required to improve people’s eating habits. In particular, citizens’ income that has been continuously shrinking due to economic conditions, imposed sanctions, and the inevitably high inflation needs to be addressed urgently. Unless the government of Iran deals with the economic barriers to healthy nutrition, the pathway for implementing the national action plan for prevention and control of NCDs toward a 30% mortality reduction due to NCDs by 2030 looks unlikely to reach.
Does stature of female affect Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score following knee arthroplasty surgery: an observational pilot study
Authors: Ahuja Vanita , Gill Karnjot , Thapa Deepak , Bishnoi Sonika , Garg Sudhir , Nandi Souvik 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) occurs frequently in females. So far, no study has evaluated postoperative outcome measures in females based on body height. We aimed to evaluate postoperative pain relief and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at 6 months in women following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
In this prospective, observational pilot study, 20 women, 50–70 years, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status I and II, undergoing TKA surgery were enrolled. The patients were allocated to Group I (n = 10), women with a height less than 153 cm, and Group II (n= 10), women with a height greater than 153 cm. All patients received paracetamol, diclofenac, and epidural analgesia postoperatively for up to 72 h. The primary outcome was a comparison of KOOS scores from preoperative baseline value to 6 months following TKA.

Results
The baseline demographics, KOOS, waist-hip ratio, and knee range of motion were similar. The height mean ± standard deviation (SD) (range) in Group I was 149.85 ± 3.28 (142.5–152.5) cm versus 157.25 ± 2.99 (155–165) cm in Group II, p = 0.001. KOOS score improved in patients of both Groups I and II as compared to the respective baseline. At 6 months, the KOOS pain score improved to 96.50 ± 3.14 [94.26–98.74 (89–100)] in Group I as compared to 89.40 ± 6.45 [84.79–94.01 (81–100)] in Group II, p value = 0.02.

Conclusions
Postoperative KOOS pain score at 6 months was superior in short stature versus normal stature women following TKA surgery.
Incorporating Intraoperative Mechanomyography to Peripheral Nerve Decompression Surgery
Authors: Guerrero Jaime R. , Taghlabi Khaled M. , Bhenderu Lokeshwar S. , Cruz-Garza Jesus G. , Javeed Saad , Dibble Christopher F. , Ray Wilson Z. , Faraji Amir H. 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Mechanomyography (MMG) is a novel intraoperative tool to detect and quantify nerve activity with high sensitivity as compared with traditional electromyographic recordings. MMG reflects the mechanical vibrations of single motor units detected through accelerometer sensors after direct motor neuron stimulation.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the feasibility of applying intraoperative MMG during peripheral nerve surgery.

METHODS:
A total of 20 consecutive patients undergoing surgical decompression of the ulnar nerve at the cubital tunnel or common peroneal nerve at the fibular head were included in this study. Intraoperatively, the common peroneal and ulnar nerves were directly stimulated through the MMG electrode probe starting at 0.1 mA threshold and increasing by 0.1 mA increments until target muscle activity was noted. The lowest threshold current required to elicit a muscle response was recorded before decompression and after proximal and distal nerve decompression.

RESULTS:
Of the patients, 80% (16/20) had MMG signals detected and recorded. Four patients were unable to have MMG signal detected despite direct nerve visualization and complete neurolysis. The mean predecompression stimulus threshold was 1.59 ± 0.19 mA. After surgical decompression, improvement in the mean MMG stimulus threshold was noted (0.47 ± 0.03 mA, P = .0002). Postoperatively, all patients endorsed symptomatic improvement with no complications.

CONCLUSION:
MMG may provide objective guidance for the intraoperative determination of the extent of nerve decompression. Lower stimulus thresholds may represent increased sparing of axonal tissue. Future work should focus on validating normative values of MMG stimulus thresholds in various nerves and establishing clinical associations with functional outcomes.
Transfrontal Approach to the Amygdala for Ablation With Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy: An Epilepsy Case Report
Authors: Lamsam Layton , Brigido Mauricio Mandel , Sivaraju Adithya , Hirsch Lawrence J. , Spencer Dennis D. , Chiang Veronica , Damisah Eyiyemisi 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy (SLAH) using laser interstitial thermal therapy is a minimally invasive surgery used to treat mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. It uses laser probes inserted through occipital and temporo-occipital trajectories to ablate the hippocampus and amygdala. However, these trajectories are limited in their ability to ablate the superior amygdala and entorhinal cortex (ERC). We present a trajectory through the middle frontal gyrus as an alternative to the temporo-occipital trajectory, which provides more complete ablation of the amygdala and anterior ERC through a single pass.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 70-year-old woman with seizures characterized by fear were localized to the left superomedial amygdala on intracranial electroencephalography. They developed after resection of a left temporal arteriovenous malformation and were refractory to medication. Her age and prior craniotomy made open resection less desirable. A frontal and occipital SLAH achieved Engel 1a at 1-year follow-up without decline in neuropsychological performance scores.

CONCLUSION:
Typical SLAH uses trajectories that have limited ability to ablate the superior and medial amygdala and ERC in a single passage. A combined approach using an occipital and frontal trajectory allows more complete ablation of the amygdala, hippocampus, and ERC.
Three-Dimensional Exoscopic Versus Microscopic Resection of Vestibular Schwannomas: A Comparative Series
Authors: Veldeman Michael , Rossmann Tobias , Huhtakangas Justiina , Nurminen Ville , Eisenring Christian , Sinkkonen Saku T. , Niemela Mika , Lehecka Martin 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Microsurgical resection of vestibular schwannoma (VS) is highly challenging, especially because surgical treatment nowadays is mainly reserved for larger (Koos grade 3 and 4) tumors.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the performance of three-dimensional exoscope use in VS resection in comparison with the operative microscope.

METHODS:
Duration of surgery and clinical and radiological results were collected for 13 consecutive exoscopic schwannoma surgeries. Results were compared with 26 preceding microsurgical resections after acknowledging similar surgical complexity between groups by assessment of tumor size (maximum diameter and Koos grade), the presence of meatal extension or cystic components, and preoperative hearing and facial nerve function.

RESULTS:
Total duration of surgery was comparable between microscopically and exoscopically operated patients (264 minutes ± 92 vs 231 minutes ± 84, respectively; P = .276). However, operative time gradually decreased in consecutive exoscopic cases and in a multiple regression model predicting duration of surgery, and exoscope use was associated with a reduction of 58.5 minutes (95% CI −106.3 to −10.6; P = .018). Tumor size was identified as the main determinant of duration of surgery (regression coefficient = 5.50, 95% CI 3.20-7.80) along meatal extension and the presence of cystic components. No differences in postoperative hearing preservation and facial nerve function were noted between the exoscope and the microscope.

CONCLUSION:
Resection of VS using a foot switch–operated three-dimensional exoscope is safe and leads to comparable clinical and radiological results as resection with the operative microscope.
Defining the Clival Recess Surgical Corridor and Clival Classification System for Approach to Sellar Pathology
Authors: Yaghi Nasser K. , Mazur-Hart David J. , Larson Erik W. , Munger Daniel N. , Nugent Joseph G. , Richie Emma A. , Rimmer Ryan A. , Fleseriu Maria , Dogan Aclan , Geltzeiler Mathew , Ciporen Jeremy N. 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Sellar masses within the pars intermedius, bordered anteriorly by normal pituitary gland/stalk, and/or with ectatic cavernous carotid anatomy are challenging and high risk when approached through the endonasal standard direct/anterior sellar approach. This approach portends itself to a higher risk of pituitary gland/stalk injury and subtotal resection with the aforementioned anatomic variants.

OBJECTIVE:
To describe the indirect clival recess corridor approach to sellar lesions. This corridor is a “silent” point of access to lesions in this region endoscopically. While skull base teams may have used this approach to some degree, it has not yet been described in the literature to our knowledge.

METHODS:
We defined the clival recess surgical corridor with skull base craniometric measurements and use a case example with aberrant anatomy to illustrate the approach. We cross-sectionally reviewed 42 patients with sellar and suprasellar masses. To describe the approach's anatomy, we devised and defined the terms dorsum sella plumb line, anatomic corridor, angle of osseous, and operative corridor.

RESULTS:
Created novel clival aeration grade informing surgical planning. Classified clival aeration as Grade 1 (100%-75% aeration), Grade 2 (75%-50% aeration), Grade 3 (50%-25% aeration), and Grade 4 (25%-0% aeration). This classification system determines extent of drilling of the clivus required to optimize the clival recess corridor approach and its limitations.

CONCLUSION:
The clival recess surgical corridor is effective for accessing pituitary lesions within the sella. Consider the indirect approach when a standard direct/anterior sellar approach has high risk for vascular injury and/or endocrinological dysfunction.
Benign lesions with 68Ga-FAPI uptake: a retrospective study
Authors: Shu Qiaoqiao , Wang Yudi , Deng Maoxue , Chen Xi , Liu Mengna , Cai Liang 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Although FAPI, as a pan-tumor tracer, shows high expression in the malignancy imaging, FAPI uptake is also seen in some benign lesions. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the characteristics of benign lesions with FAPI uptake on 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging. Methods: The electronic medical and imaging records of patients undergoing 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging in the Department of Nuclear Medicine of our hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with benign lesions confirmed by histopathological analysis or long-term follow-up of FAPI-positive lesions were included in the study. Results: A total of 44 patients (i.e., 44 benign lesions) were included in this study, including 14 women and 30 men, ranging in age from 19 to 74 years. Benign lesions involved eight systems, including liver (n = 3), tail of pancreas (n = 3), stomach (n = 3), esophagus (n = 1), lung (n = 14), and mediastinum (n = 2), sinuses (n = 1), brain (n = 2), lymph nodes (n = 5), kidneys (n = 4), bones (n = 2), muscles (n = 1), thyroid (n = 1), parathyroid gland (n = 1), and breast (n = 1). The mean SUVmax (p = 0.471) and mean TBR (p = 0.830) of benign lesions in the eight systems were not significantly different. Conclusion: Our studies have shown that in addition to malignant tumors, certain benign lesions also show uptake of FAPI, and it is necessary for doctors to distinguish these benign lesions from true malignant tumors. Advances in knowledge: Benign lesions may also show FAPI expression, which may make the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions difficult and should be alerted by physicians.
Comparative study on real-time pose estimation of vision-based unmanned underwater vehicles
Authors: Li Ming , Yang Ke , Qin Jiangying , Zhong Jiageng , Jiang Zipeng , Su Qin 
Published: January 2023

Background: Navigation and localization are key to the successful execution of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) in marine environmental monitoring, underwater 3D mapping, and ocean resource surveys. The estimation of the position and the orientation of autonomous UUVs are a long-standing challenging and fundamental problem. As one of the underwater sensors, camera has always been the focus of attention due to its advantages of low cost and rich content information in visibility waters, especially in the fields of visual perception of the underwater environment, target recognition and tracking. At present, the visual real-time pose estimation technology that can be used for UUVs is mainly divided into geometry-based visual positioning algorithms and deep learning-based visual positioning algorithms. Methods: In order to compare the performance of different positioning algorithms and strategies, this paper uses C++ and python, takes the ORB-SLAM3 algorithm and DF-VO algorithm as representatives to conduct a comparative experiment and analysis. Results: The geometry-based algorithm ORB-SLAM3 is less affected by illumination, performs more stably in different underwater environments, and has a shorter calculation time, but its robustness is poor in complex environments. The visual positioning algorithm DF-VO based on deep learning takes longer time to compute, and the positioning accuracy is more easily affected by illumination, especially in dark conditions. However, its robustness is better in unstructured environments such as large-scale image rotation and dynamic object interference. Conclusions: In general, the deep learning-based algorithm is more robust, but multiple deep learning networks make it need more time to compute. The geometry-based method costs less time and is more accurate in low-light and turbid underwater conditions. However, in real underwater situations, these two methods can be connected as binocular vision or methods of multi-sensor combined pose estimation.
Association between gambling and financial trading: A systemic review.
Authors: Lee Uibin , E. Lewis Lauren , J. Mills Devin 
Published: January 2023

Background: Financial trading is often categorized separately from traditional forms of gambling (e.g., blackjack, poker, lottery, slot machines), as it is often viewed from an investing lens. However, the arbitrary line separating investing from gambling has become increasingly questioned, especially as it relates to high-risk trading behaviors (e.g., day trading, trading on margin) and riskier financial assets (e.g., options, cryptocurrencies). Further, the risk of gambling-related harms among financial traders appears to be amplified by new financial technologies, which have increased access to riskier financial assets and have encouraged riskier trading behaviors. Thus, the aim of the present study is to systematically review the literature assessing problem gambling among financial traders as well as the association between financial trading frequency and problem gambling. Methods: Twelve articles from three databases (SCOPUS, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) met the inclusion criteria, and were reviewed. Results: The prevalence of problem gambling was generally higher among individuals who engage in trading financial products, but rates varied substantially (1.4% to 47.2%) due in large part to differences in the study population, the problem gambling measures used, and the cutoff scores employed. Similarly, financial trading frequency was consistently associated with more severe problem gambling, but the strength of these associations ranged across studies. Conclusion: Collectively, while findings from these studies suggest that financial traders are at greater risk for problem gambling, it is evident that trading riskier assets and engaging in riskier trading behaviors place individuals at a substantially greater risk for problem gambling. Recommendations for future research include focusing on at-risk populations, practical implications for the intervention and policy, and emerging issues of digital technologies.
Effect of arsenic exposure on MDA, SOD, H2O2 and TNF-α levels of uterus homogenate of female Sparague-Dawleys rats
Authors: Irnawati Irnawati , Idroes Rinaldi , Akmal Muslim , Suhartono Eko , Seriana Irma 
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: Arsenic exposure to the body through the oral, dermal, and inhalation routes have a detrimental impact on health, including women’s reproductive health. However, the effect of arsenic exposure through the vulva of women is unclear. The present study therefore examined the effects of long-term arsenic exposure of vulva on uterus inflammation mediated by oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanism. Materials and Methods: Female Rattus norvegicus L was used as the animal model and the arsenic were exposed through vulvar immersion. The arsenic solution was made into four concentrations while the duration of exposure was made in four-time combinations. Uterus inflammation was assessed through histopathological observation of uterus tissue through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Oxidative stress was assessed using malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); while inflammatory profile was assessed by measuring using tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Results: Our data suggested that inflammation could occur at the permissible quality standard concentrations when arsenic was exposed for more than two weeks. At higher concentrations and a longer exposure time, arsenic exposure could lead to chronic inflammation. Arsenic exposure was able to increase the levels of MDA and H2O2 and reduced the SOD suggesting stress oxidative of the organ. Arsenic also could increase the level of TNFα at any concentration after 6 and 8 weeks of exposure suggesting the inflammation process in the uterus. Conclusion: Continuous exposure of vulva with arsenic could induce oxidative stress and chronic inflammation of the uterus. Further study to investigate this finding in human is critical as basic to propose health campaign program to the community in the high arsenic regions.