bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raising the Volume: How Regulations and Consumer Market Trends Have Increased the Volume of Cannabis Packaging Waste in California
Authors: Colbert Mitchell R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The early cannabis legalization movement was linked to the environmental movement, and although legalization advocates envisioned an environmentally friendly cannabis industry, regulations and market trends complicated matters. A seismic event for cannabis waste was the repurposing of electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) technology as cannabis “vape pens,” which are more accurately referred to as an electronic cannabis delivery system (ECDS). With the adoption of this technology, a waste stream that had lower weight and was largely compostable shifted to become a waste stream in which electronic waste (e-waste) (ECDS and batteries) became 14 % to 30 % of total sales, depending on the year and state. Unfortunately, cannabis regulations passed since the introduction of ECDS devices frequently overlook this waste stream and often ignore cannabis waste that could be classified as hazardous or universal waste. This study is a novel attempt to estimate the volume of cannabis consumer packaging waste produced in California each year, including ECDS-related e-waste, and compare it with other types of household hazardous waste (HHW) produced. Additionally, cannabis waste volume was analyzed to determine to what degree state regulations and market trends contributed to and influenced the amount of waste generated. In 2022, California had a consumer cannabis packaging waste stream almost as large as the 16,805 US tons (15,245,240 kilograms) of HHW pharmaceuticals produced in California in 2021. Although pharmaceuticals have a robust infrastructure in place for reverse distribution, no such infrastructure exists for cannabis waste at large scale. Despite rules around cannabis waste recycling being ambiguous, many businesses do engage in the collection of cannabis waste for recycling and other sustainable practices in California. Regulations must be changed by state regulators to allow cannabis licensees to have better waste management options, which will result in less environmental contamination, and thus, cleaner cannabis.
Design and Evaluation of a Ring Tension Test Grip for Remote Mechanical Testing of Irradiated Tubular Specimens
Authors: Petersen Philip G. , Hansen Robert S. , Cappia Fabiola , Kamerman David , Baird Katelyn , Christensen Cad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The ring tension test (RTT) is a mechanical testing method for determining bulk mechanical behavior in the circumferential or hoop direction for tubular materials. The test is especially useful for testing materials with anisotropic mechanical properties, such as zirconium alloys, which are commonly used as nuclear fuel cladding. Anisotropy requires direction-specific testing to determine the hoop strength. Historically, several RTT methods and grips have been used, each method has its strengths and weaknesses, and, in all cases, the measured strength is subject to uncertainty due to variations of the testing geometry and experimental tolerances. Recent analysis has shown that grips with a hemicylindrical mandrel configuration are recommended as the most robust configuration. The two strictest aspects to be controlled are the ability to determine gage region orientation and closely matching the size of the mandrels to the test specimen. This last requirement is particularly challenging when the dimensions of the specimen vary because of environmental effects such as dimensional changes due to irradiation. This paper presents a new RTT grip designed to incorporate this mandrel shape, hold the gage at the desired orientation, be suitable for remote operation in a hot-cell environment, and be adaptable for different sizes or variations in the specimen size. The general description and the unique design features of the test specimen and grips are given in detail. The performance of the grips in mechanical testing, including in a remote hot-cell environment, is also provided.
A Comparison of the GCS and AVPU Scale Among Children Presenting to the Emergency Department
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Martin-Gill Christian , Shultz Rachel , Alpern Elizabeth R. , Macy Michelle L. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Level of consciousness is essential to the assessment of acutely ill children. We applied and evaluated an established crosswalk (ie, mapping of equivalent scores) between the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive (AVPU) scale derived from prehospital data to a pediatric emergency department (ED).

METHODS
We performed a retrospective study of children (aged &lt;18 years) presenting to a pediatric ED between 2016 and 2022. We evaluated the performance of a prehospital-derived GCS-to-AVPU crosswalk (GCS of 14–15 = “Alert”; 11–13 = “Verbal”; 7–10 = “Pain”; 3–6 = “Unresponsive”) and report on measures of overall performance and in trauma and medically complex subgroups. We derived pediatric ED–based cut points by identifying GCS partitions resulting in the highest agreement between the observed AVPU and the GCS-derived AVPU.

RESULTS
We included 295 247 encounters (median age, 4.6 years; IQR, 1.6–10.0 years; 53.6% boys). AVPU scores were Alert for 99.7%, Verbal for 0.1%, Pain for 0.1%, and Unresponsive for less than 0.1%. Compared with the documented AVPU score, accuracy was 99.9%, and Cohen κ was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.47–0.52). Cohen κ was similar in subgroups of trauma (n = 39 316; κ = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.39–0.58) and medical complexity (n = 1825; κ = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.51–0.69). An internally derived crosswalk demonstrated minor differences (GCS of 14–15 = “Alert”; 12–13 = “Verbal”; 6–11 = “Pain”; and 3–5 = “Unresponsive”), with slight gain in performance (Cohen κ = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.49–0.54).

CONCLUSION
We evaluated the performance of a crosswalk between GCS and AVPU. These findings can be useful in patient handoffs (particularly between clinicians of differing specialties) and in predictive modeling applications.
Green building certification in South Africa: evaluating adoption, greenwashing and location clusters trends.
Authors: Oladeji Jonathan , Okoro Chioma 
Published: January 2025

This study seeks to investigate the emerging growth trends of green certification in South Africa. It adopts a quantitative descriptive approach to exploring the growth trends and patterns in Green Building certification across South Africa. Variables including the location, owners, rating star level, and rating categories were collected for a sample size of 510 case studies, identified using a purposive sampling technique. The data which spanned 12 years between 2011-2023 was analysed using google spreadsheet and SPSS, to develop time series charts, bar charts, stacked bar charts, and a chi-square test. The study found an increasing growth in green certification adoption in South Africa. It also saw a significant geographical and ownership dispersion alongside a growing inclusion of existing buildings. This study provides the first empirical exploration of the trends in green building certification across South Africa with evidence of the strength of the Green Star rating against the chances of greenwashing the building sector.
Escenarios colaborativos en red “ECORED”: Un intercambio institucional de buenas prácticas en ambientes híbridos de aprendizaje
Authors: Salas Jurado July Del Carmen , Ortega Orozco Cristian Orestenes , Faneyte Barboza Luz María , Castro Salas Yeraldin 
Published: January 2025

Este artículo, producto de la implementación de la experiencia significativa de escenarios colaborativos en red en siete instituciones educativas públicas de la ciudad de Cartagena, para consolidar prácticas pedagógicas significativas en ambientes híbridos de aprendizaje en los procesos de Lenguaje, Matemáticas y Educación Inicial, presenta una descripción de la dinámica e impacto e de esta en el fortalecimiento del aprendizaje y el desarrollo académico flexible de estudiantes, docentes y padres de familia. Se relacionan las categorías de escenarios colaborativos, redes de enseñanza y aprendizaje, trabajo colaborativo y ambientes híbridos de aprendizaje. En cuanto al diseño metodológico, se aborda un enfoque de Investigación acción participación, destacando la dinámica de la experiencia. Se escogió como muestra a los docentes que compartieron su buena práctica con su respectivo grupo de estudiantes. En cuanto a los instrumentos de recolección de información se dieron a través de la entrevista, observación participante y de fuentes documentales, permitiendo comprender e interpretar las vivencias y procesos de los actores sociales. Como resultado, se logró consolidar satisfactoriamente las prácticas de los docentes en ambientes híbridos permitiendo el fortalecimiento del aprendizaje. El estudio concluye que esta estrategia se ha constituido en un enlace que ha conectado a docentes de varias instituciones para que compartan de forma didáctica y dinámica, sus experiencias y buenas prácticas para beneficio de los estudiantes.
Beyond the Human: Emergent Theories of Synthetics in Art Psychotherapy Research Pedagogies
Authors: Myles Alice , Havsteen-Franklin Dominik 
Published: January 2025

Art psychotherapy training programmes traditionally emphasise evidence-based practices focused on interpersonal and psychological change, often sidelining socio-political dimensions and critical research pedagogies. To address this gap, this paper presents a posthuman feminist approach to research pedagogies in art psychotherapy. This approach leverages arts-based practices and digital technologies as critical tools for examining complex entanglements between human, nature, and technology (techne) rendering insights into data collection and analysis beyond conventional paradigms.
This pedagogical theorisation draws on examples from collective arts-based workshops rendering posthuman theoretical concepts into practical, tangible learning experiences. The workshops presented in this paper utilise artistic processes as both methodological and critical vehicles, inviting students to explore a research workshop through the lens of two Deleuzian concepts, those being the situated material assemblage and the Body Without Organs (BWO). The key rationale is to develop critical reflexivity through using conceptual tools that that disrupt normative hegemonies in art psychotherapy data analysis by positioning data as a co-constructed material-semiotic inscription shaped by intersecting human and non-human forces.
The outcomes of this posthuman pedagogical framework, employing digital and arts-based diffractive methodologies and ethological assemblage in enacted data analyses, were a facilitated non-hierarchical synthesis in data relations between human, nonhuman and digital bodies and the stimulation of a more inclusive transdisciplinary inquiry, generating insights into systemic issues in healthcare beyond a patriarchal logic and purely anthropocentric reach. The approach positions students as active agents in co-producing knowledge that challenges dominant socio-economic structures in health research.
Effects of Self-Care Education on Self-Neglect Among Older Adults
Authors: Davoodi Fereshteh , Pashaeypoor Shahzad , Partovirad Mehrnoosh , Sharifi Farshad , Nikpeyma Nasrin 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Self-neglect, a form of abuse, significantly impacts the physical, mental, and social health of older adults, leading to a diminished quality of life and, in severe cases, death. For older adults experiencing self-neglect, attention to self-care is crucial for preventing or managing health issues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of self-care education on self-neglect among older adults.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2021 with 100 eligible individuals selected from older adults receiving services at comprehensive health service centers in Qazvin, Iran. Participants were chosen using a non-randomized method and were divided into two groups: the self-care education group and the control group. The intervention comprised six outdoor sessions lasting 45-60 minutes each, held twice weekly at a health center. These sessions addressed five dimensions of self-care for older adults, which were validated by experts. Participants in the control group received only routine care. Post-tests were administered six weeks later.

Results: Before the intervention, the mean self-neglect scores were 1.345 ± 0.89 in the control group and 1.453 ± 0.43 in the self-care education group (p = 0.034). After the intervention, mean scores improved significantly to -0.760 ± 0.43 in the self-care education group and -7.056 ± 2.31 in the control group (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: Self-care education addressing various dimensions—physical, psychological-emotional, social, and spiritual—can serve as an effective, accessible, and cost-effective strategy for preventing and reducing self-neglect among older adults in care centers and hospitals. Future studies should consider larger populations and diverse cultural contexts to develop comprehensive clinical guidelines for preventing self-neglect
The Effect of Music on the Happiness of Turkmen Elderly Turkman in Day Care Centers
Authors: Sabzi Zahra , Saffar Razieh , Mehravar Fatemeh , Mancheri Hamideh 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Happiness is essential for all age groups, particularly the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the impact of music on the happiness levels of elderly Turkman individuals residing in Day Care Centers in Bandar Turkman and Gomishan cities, Golestan province, Iran, in 2023.

Methods: A quasi-experimental, before-and-after design was employed, involving 74 elderly participants from two day care centers in Golestan province. Of the total elderly population in day care centers in Bandar Turkman and Gomishan cities (95 people), 37 people from Bandar Turkman (intervention group) and 37 people from Gomishan (control group) were selected and entered into the study based on the inclusion criteria using convenience sampling. Group matching was conducted based on gender. Happiness was assessed using the Oxford Happiness Inventory at the beginning and end of the intervention for both groups. The intervention consisted of 12 group music therapy sessions, each lasting 45-50 minutes, three times a week, involving the playing of happy Turkman music. Data analysis were performed using SPSS version 26, including Chi-square, Pearson correlation, and independent t-tests.

Results: The mean happiness score post-intervention was significantly higher in the intervention group (70.51 ± 8.17) compared to the control group (28.43 ± 6.93) (p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant increase in mean happiness scores was observed within the intervention group before and after the intervention (p < 0.05). The impact of music intervention on happiness varied based on factors such as marital status (p < 0.05), employment status (p < 0.05), education level (p < 0.05), and gender (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Given the positive influence of music on the happiness of elderly individuals, music therapy can be a valuable tool to enhance their mental health. To promote active and joyful aging, it is recommended that elderly care center administrators incorporate authorized and local music into their programs.
From Siliciclastics to Carbonates and Black shales: Deciphering Sedimentary Continuity and Discontinuity in the Devonian Landscapes of the Volga-Ural Petroleum Province
Authors: Silantiev V. V. , Miftakhutdinova D. N. , Nurgalieva N. G. 
Published: January 2025

Analyses of the three predominant types of sedimentation – siliciclastic, carbonate and black shale – revealed their discontinuity/continuity across various facies environments within the Middle and Late Devonian of the central part of the Volga-Urals petroleum province. These environments include condensed and non-condensed depressions, slopes of depressions and shallow water settings located on tectonic arches or local biohermal uplifts.The regional zonation of conodonts, correlated with the International chronostratigraphic chart, confirms the general stratigraphic completeness of the Middle-Upper Devonian geological record in this area. Meanwhile, sedimentation exhibited a discontinuous pattern, which enables to speak about the socalled “discontinuous continuity”. In particular, the sedimentation of organic-rich black shales, traditionally considered as oil-source rocks, lasted more than 29 million years, from the Late Eifelian up to the Devoniancarboniferous boundary. The longest hiatus (ca. 2.5 Ma) in the accumulation of black shales (as well as carbonates) took place at the end of the Givetian. Notably, this interval contains the most productive siliciclastic reservoirs.During the Early Eifelian to Early Frasnian (ca. 17 Ma), siliciclastic sediments demonstrate the highest accumulation rates and the maximum discontinuity caused by short marine transgressive episodes. Simultaneously, the most complete sequences were deposited in the depressions where carbonate and black shale sediments accumulated. During the Famennian (ca. 12 Ma), siliciclastic sedimentation completely ceased, leading to the stable accumulation of carbonate sediments on the slopes of depressions and in shallow waters; the deposition of organic-rich black shales continued in the deep axial settings of the troughs. Our results highlight the complexity of the spatial relationship between various coexisting sedimentation types and the incompleteness of the geological record in different environments.
Kinetics of Organic Matter thermal transformation in source rocks: Overview of Methods and Experimental results
Authors: Spasennykh M. , Shirokova V. , Ilmenskii A. , Kozlova E. , Bulatov T. , Goncharova A. , Leushina E. 
Published: January 2025

The paper is devoted to kinetic studies of thermal decomposition of organic matter in organic-rich rocks. Kinetic studies are the consisting part of geochemical investigations of source rocks and petroleum systems. The results are required for petroleum generation prediction and assessment of reservoir hydrocarbons quantity and quality using basin modelling. Kinetic data is also applied for simulation of in-situ kerogen conversion and hydrocarbons generation, which are the main processes of thermal methods of enhanced oil recovery (thermal EOR).The paper summarizes fundamental concepts and experimental approaches for kinetic studies of organic matter thermal transformation, it provides an overview of modern methods, equipment and experimental procedures for obtaining bulk and compositional activation energy distributions (spectra) in open and closed systems, and discusses the benefits, limitations, and possible applications of the different methods.The paper presents the scope of experimental procedures, which have been elaborated at Skoltech, and the obtained results: (i) bulk kinetic spectra, which are aimed at express prediction of the total yield of mobile hydrocarbons during kerogen transformation; (ii) compositional kinetic spectra, which considers the amount and composition of hydrocarbon products; (iii) kinetic model of organic matter transformation in a closed system, which considers primary kerogen decomposition and secondary reactions of the hydrocarbons. The kinetic spectra were obtained for various organic-rich rocks collected within the Russian Federation.
Advanced Well Logging Interpretation for Reliable Electrotyping of Low-permeable and Low-resistivity Formation
Authors: Thistiakov A. , Shvalyuk E. , Okosun K. , Spasennykh M. , Stenin A. 
Published: January 2025

The target formation of a brown oilfield in Western Siberia is composed of a shallowing-up succession represented by siltstones in its base gradually replaced by sandstones toward its top. Due to the absence of detailed rockand electrotyping, the siltstones, having much lower resistivity and permeability, were assigned to a water-bearing section. However, the following up well tests detected considerable oil inflow from them as well. This motivated current research aimed at developing a new methodology of rockand electrotyping of low-resistive, low-permeable clastic reservoirs. The methodology comprises detailed workflow for laboratory tests, rock typing by means of the alternative flow zone indicator (FZI), and, finally, transfer of core-derived rock types to well log electrotypes. The proposed application of the dimensionless FZI parameter, incorporating porosity and irreducible water saturation, appeared to be very effective for electrotyping of the formation, including low-resistive and low-permeable intervals.Since the intervals are characterized by a low correlation between permeability and porosity, applying the latter log for computing permeability results in unreliable calculation of the parameter and further incorrect electrotyping. In order to resolve this issue, the study suggests an effective alternative technique for calculating permeability as a multivariate parameter from other logs.Further, the research proposes a well log interpretation workflow that enables conversion of the defined rock types to electrotypes, maintaining the same classification principles for both core and well logs data. This ensures compatibility of the core and well log-derived classes.The petrophysical interpretation workflow is enhanced with machine learning algorithms for reconstructing lacking logs as well as extending the defined electrotypes to uninterpreted wells. The proposed approaches to rockand electrotyping allows detection of previously missed productive intervals and thus enables extend the lifetime of the brownfield.
Avaliação de concretos produzidos com variadas areias de mineração: em busca de dosagens de alto desempenho e sustentáveis
Authors: Barbosa Cheila , Menezes Mariana Figueira Lacerda 
Published: January 2025

The sand from the processing of iron ore has been widely used in civil construction in Brazil, especially in the states of Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo and São Paulo. It is used as fine aggregate in the production of mortars, cement products and concrete. With the possibility of producing new sand in several iron ore mines in the state of Minas Gerais, the present study aimed to develop and analyze concrete dosages with various ore sands and sands present in the industrial market in the Belo Horizonte region. The replacement of natural river sand with mining sand in concrete dosages was evaluated and the Abrams curves were analyzed for the various dosages developed. It was possible to observe a performance gain in the dosages carried out with ore sands, with a reduction of up to 7% in cement consumption in the mixes. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of mining sand in the production of concrete is efficient, with technical and productive gains, promoting sustainable construction, reducing CO2 and promoting the circular economy in the construction chain.