bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 is associated with increased care needs and a decreased likelihood of returning home following a hip fracture: The IMPACT frailty study
Authors: Hall Andrew J. , Clement Nick D. , Kay Robert S. , Penfold Rose S. , MacLullich Alasdair M. J. , White Timothy O. , Duckworth Andrew D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeThe primary aim was to evaluate the impact of COVID‐19 on frailty in patients surviving a hip fracture. Secondary aims were to assess impact of COVID‐19 on (i) length of stay (LoS) and post‐discharge care needs, (ii) readmissions, and (iii) likelihood of returning to own home.MethodsThis propensity score‐matched case‐control study was conducted in a single centre between 01/03/20–30/11/21. A ‘COVID‐positive’ group of 68 patients was matched to 141 ‘COVID‐negative’ patients. ‘Index’ and ‘current’ Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores were assigned for frailty at admission and at follow‐up. Data were extracted from validated records and included: demographics, injury factors, COVID‐19 status, delirium status, discharge destination, and readmissions. For subgroup analysis controlling for vaccination availability, the periods 1 March 2020–30 November 2020 and 1 February 2021–30 November 2021 were considered pre‐/post‐vaccine periods.ResultsMedian age was 83.0 years, 155/209 (74.2%) were female and median follow‐up was 479 days (interquartile range [IQR] 311). There was an equivalent median increase in CFS in both groups (+1.00 [IQR 1.00–2.00, p = 0.472]). However, adjusted analysis demonstrated COVID‐19 was independently associated with a greater magnitude change (Beta coefficient [β] 0.27, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.00–0.54, p = 0.05). COVID‐19 in the post‐vaccine availability period was associated with a smaller increase versus pre‐vaccine (β −0.64, 95% CI −1.20 to −0.09, p = 0.023). COVID‐19 was independently associated with increased acute LoS (β 4.40, 95% CI 0.22–8.58, p = 0.039), total LoS (β 32.87, 95% CI 21.42–44.33, p < 0.001), readmissions (β 0.71, 95% CI 0.04–1.38, p = 0.039), and a four‐fold increased likelihood of pre‐fracture home‐dwelling patients failing to return home (odds ratio 4.52, 95% CI 2.08–10.34, p < 0.001).ConclusionsHip fracture patients that survived a COVID‐19 infection had increased frailty, longer LoS, more readmissions, and higher care needs. The health and social care burden is likely to be higher than prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. These findings should inform prognostication, discharge‐planning, and service design to meet the needs of these patients.
Predictors factors of atlanto‐axial subluxation in Tunisian patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bettaieb Hiba , Ferjani Hanene Lassoued , Ben Nessib Dorra , Kaffel Dhia , Maatallah Kaouther , Hamdi Wafa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to describe clinical and imaging features of atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) and the associated risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective and comparative study including 51 RA patients with AAS and 51 RA patients without AAS. Atlantoaxial subluxation was defined by the presence of an anterior C1C2 diastasis on the cervical spine radiograph in hyperflexion and/or an anterior, posterior, lateral or rotatory C1C2 dislocation on MRI with/without inflammatory signal.ResultsIn G1, clinical presentations revealing AAS were mainly neck pain (68.7%) and neck stiffness (29.8%). MRI revealed: diastasis C1C2 (92.5%), periodontoid pannus (92.5%), odontoid erosion (23.5%), vertical subluxation (9.8%) and spinal cord involvement (7.8%). A collar immobilisation and corticosteroid boluses were indicated in 86.3% and 47.1% of cases. C1‐C2arthrodesis was performed in 15.4% of cases. Atlantoaxial subluxation was significantly associated with: age at disease onset (p = 0.009), history of joint surgery (p = 0.012), disease duration (p = 0.001), rheumatoid factor (p = 0.01), anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide (p = 0.02), erosive radiographic status (p < 0.005), coxitis (p < 0.001), osteoporosis (p = 0.012), extra‐articular manifestations (p < 0.001), and high disease activity (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified RA duration (p < 0.001, OR = 1.022 CI[1.01–1.034]) and erosive radiographic status (p = 0.01, OR = 21.236 CI[2.05–219.44]) as predictive factors of AAS.ConclusionOur study showed that longer disease duration and joint destruction are the major predictive factors of AAS. Early treatment initiation, tight‐control and regular monitoring of cervical spine involvement are required in these patients.
Subclinical motor involvement in nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy determined by the motor unit number estimation method MScanFit
Authors: Schneider Christian , Wassermann Meike K. , Svačina Martin K. R. , Wunderlich Gilbert , Fink Gereon R. , Lehmann Helmar C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsNonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy (NSVN) is characterized by a predominant lower limb involvement in many patients. Motor unit changes in upper extremity muscles have not been investigated in this subgroup but may be of interest for improving our understanding of the multifocal nature of the disease and counseling of patients about potential future symptoms. In this study we aimed to better understand subclinical motor involvement in the upper extremity muscles of patients with lower limb–predominant NSVN using the new motor unit number estimation (MUNE) method MScanFit.MethodsIn this single‐center, cross‐sectional study, 14 patients with biopsy‐proven NSVN, with no clinical signs of upper extremity motor involvement, were investigated and compared with 14 age‐matched healthy controls. All participants were assessed clinically and by the MUNE method MScanFit to the abductor pollicis brevis muscle.ResultsThe number of motor units and peak CMAP amplitudes were significantly reduced in patients with NSVN (P = .003 and P = .004, respectively). Absolute median motor unit amplitudes and CMAP discontinuities were not significantly different (P = .246 and P = .1, respectively). CMAP discontinuities were not significantly correlated with motor unit loss (P = .15, rho = 0.4). The number of motor units did not correlate with clinical scores (P = .77, rho = 0.082).DiscussionBoth MUNE and CMAP amplitudes showed motor involvement in upper extremity muscles in lower limb–predominant NSVN. Overall, there was no evidence of significant reinnervation. Investigations of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle did not show a correlation with overall functional disability of the patients.
Sleep disturbance after cessation of cannabis administration in mice
Authors: Asano Takashi , Takemoto Hiroki , Horita Tomoya , Tokutake Tomohiro , Izuo Naotaka , Mochizuki Takatoshi , Nitta Atsumi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS) in humans is characterized by various somatic symptoms, including sleep disturbances. In the present study, we investigated sleep alterations in mice after the cessation of arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA), a cannabinoid type 1 receptor agonist, administration. ACPA‐administered mice (ACPA mice) displayed an increased number of rearings after the cessation of ACPA administration compared to saline‐administered mice (Saline mice). Moreover, the number of rubbings was also decreased in ACPA mice compared with those of the control mice. Electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) were measured for 3 days after the cessation of ACPA administration. During ACPA administration, there was no difference in the relative amounts of total sleep and wake time between ACPA and Saline mice. However, ACPA‐induced withdrawal decreased total sleep time during the light period in ACPA mice after ACPA cessation. These results suggest that ACPA cessation induces sleep disturbances in the mouse model of CWS.
Assessment and improvement of sex estimation standards for application in Holocene San and Khoekhoe populations
Authors: Malek Sadiyah , Sealy Judith C. , Gibbon Victoria E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccurate population‐specific sex estimation standards do not exist for southern African Holocene San and Khoekhoe populations. Due to markedly small stature, skeletal gracility, and physically active lifestyle, this population exhibits reduced sexual dimorphism, complicating application of standards developed elsewhere. The effectiveness of common sex estimation approaches were assessed and optimized for San and Khoekhoe populations. One‐hundred seventy‐five adult archaeological San and Khoekhoe skeletons were studied. Sex estimates from seven morphological traits (cranial and mandibular) and six metrical parameters (mandibular, humeral, and femoral) were compared with pelvic (Phenice) sex estimates to assess agreement. Results were analyzed using chi‐squared tests, univariate statistics, and cross‐validated discriminant function analysis. The effectiveness of individual cranial and mandibular traits varied: The mastoid process and mandibular shape produced the highest agreement rates with pelvic sex estimates (73% and 72%, respectively), while mental eminence and nuchal crest produced the lowest (both 53%). The nuchal crest exhibited a strong sex bias. All mandibular and long‐bone metrical parameters were sexually dimorphic; femoral and humeral vertical head diameter (FHD and HVHD) were the most discriminatory. The discriminant function equations showing the highest agreement with pelvic sex estimates were direct multivariate bicondylar breadth, FHD and HVHD (77%), univariate FHD (75%), and stepwise multivariate FHD and HVHD (73%). All variables were sexually dimorphic, but the reduced sexual dimorphism in this population necessitates careful choice of traits. Trait scores considered diagnostic of males and females may require adjustment to improve discriminating power. This study identified the most accurate areas to target for sex estimation and generated the first discriminant functions specific to archaeological San and Khoekhoe people.
Laser assisted rapid 3D printing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced plastics: Simulation, characterization, and properties
Authors: Yiwen Tu , Yuegang Tan , Fan Zhang , Jun Zhang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract3D printing of continuous fiber reinforce plastics (CCFRP) with fused deposition modeling is a burgeoning manufacturing method because of its exceptional mechanical properties. Nevertheless, it cannot manufacture parts at high speeds. Using laser heating instead of the traditional resistive heating in 3D printing of CCFRP has the potential to improve printing speed owing to its high heating efficiency. In this article, a process of laser‐assisted rapid 3D printing of CCFRP is proposed. The heating process of CCFRP by laser is analyzed and verified. The linear relation between printing speed and laser power is established. The experiments demonstrate that the printing speed is increased to 30 mm/s with the laser. The mechanical properties of printed parts, though enhanced as the printing speed and laser power increase, are better than those obtained by traditional methods. Scanning electron microscope images and experiments reveal that proper laser power is conducive to the melting of plastics, strengthening interlayer bonding, and reducing voids under roller pressure. Nonetheless, excessive laser power ablates the plastic, resulting in increased voids.
Energy absorption and collapse behavior of PP‐based pin‐reinforced composite sandwich panels under quasi‐static flatwise compression loading
Authors: Pedram Ehsan , Ahmadi Hamed , Kabiri Ali , Choobar Mehran Ghalami , Razmkhah Omid , Fellows Neil , Liaghat Gholamhossein 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the energy absorption and failure behavior of thermoplastic composite sandwich panels made entirely of polypropylene (PP) and pin‐reinforced core under quasi‐static compressive loading. The pins are manufactured by thermoforming and assembled with face sheets. The specimens were subjected to flatwise compressive loading to examine energy absorption capabilities. Moreover, the finite element method (FEM) is used to analyze core sandwich panels reinforced with cubic, cylindrical, beam, and cross‐beam pins. Furthermore, a closed‐form analytical model is adopted and developed to predict the critical load of these structures. The performed experiments were utilized to validate the damage mechanisms and critical displacements of the simulations and the analytically calculated maximum collapse loads. The results demonstrate that the predictions accurately capture both the critical failure load and failure mechanisms. Since the numerical results have a reasonable correlation with the experimental results and their output difference is <15%, FEM is used to investigate the collapse behavior of the pin‐reinforced foam‐filled panels. A comparison of the load–displacement, specific energy absorption (SEA), and maximum collapse loads of the samples shows that the cubic reinforced foam‐core sandwich panel has the maximum peak load and SEA. The FE model of pin‐reinforced foam‐filled panels reveals that the buckling of the reinforcements is postponed to a point beyond the critical one. Hence, PP foam can act as lateral support and delay the ultimate failure in panels, especially pin‐reinforced cylindrical sandwich panels, up to 40%.
Comparing different data processing methods for determining a Prony series from Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer frequency data
Authors: Adams J. W. , Merrett C. G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) for obtaining frequency domain data suitable for constructing an accurate Prony series for a viscoelastic material. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens were used in each experiment, following the ASTM D4000 and ASTM D5023 standards. The experiments were completed using a frequency range of 1 to 100 Hz at multiple temperatures to capture the long‐term behavior via time–temperature superposition. Prony series were fit to the data from these experiments, and used to establish the time domain viscoelastic modulus of PMMA. The effect of the fitting function, material soak time, noise, and reference temperature selection were each investigated for their effect on the Prony series. The raw data may be processed via four paths, which are then compared for statistical error. The most accurate path resulted in a cumulative error of 2.1% for the storage modulus and 26% for the loss modulus. The impact of these errors on the tip displacement of a reference cantilever beam subject to axial loading for 15 years is a variation of over 25%.
A qualitative content analysis of novice consultants' responses to a consultee's request for assistance
Authors: Newman Daniel S. , McIntire Hannah , Barrett Courtenay A. , Gerrard Mary K. , Villarreal Julia N. , Kaiser Lauren T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractApplying qualitative content analysis methods, this study focuses on how school psychology graduate student consultants responded to a simulated request for assistance by a teacher. Seventy‐three total students participated in the study before they had engaged in their first course on school consultation. Additionally, transcripts were analyzed for subsets of students following a course on consultation (n = 23), or a course on consultation plus a supplemental communication skills focused training (n = 22). Before their consultation course, student consultants exhibited variable responses including some basic listening skills, but also offering premature problem hypotheses and solutions. They also restated child deficit focused language, often without asking for clarification, and asked questions not directly related to information provided by the consultee, which sometimes included more than one question at a time (double‐barreled). Following a typical consultation course, student consultants responded in nearly identical ways. Student consultants that completed a consultation course plus a supplemental training including deliberate practice of communication skills increased their application of basic listening skills, reduced leading questions, eliminated double‐barreled questions, and applied a pattern of paraphrasing followed by clarifying to understand concerns in more observable and measurable ways. Data are presented with qualitative examples, and implications are drawn regarding school consultation training.
Examining the role of cyberloafing, narcissism, locus of control, and social appearance anxiety on the Internet gaming disorder in university students
Authors: Yilmaz Ramazan , Karaoglan Yilmaz Fatma Gizem , Avci Ummuhan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIndividual and multiple games played on the Internet are seen as a popular leisure activity, which is becoming increasingly common among young people. With the Covid 19 pandemic, the interest in Internet games has increased because young people spend more time at home. This has led to an increase in Internet gaming disorder, which is recognized by the American Psychiatric Association and the World Health Organization. When the literature is examined, attention is drawn to the importance of revealing the factors associated with Internet gaming disorder to combat Internet gaming disorder in young people. This research was carried out to reveal the Internet gaming disorder profiles of university students in Turkey and to determine the factors associated with it. In this direction, the structural relationships between cyberloafing, narcissism, locus of control, and social appearance anxiety variables, which are thought to be associated with Internet gaming disorder, were examined. The research data were obtained from 596 university students studying in various cities in Turkey. Research findings show that cyberloafing and locus of control directly affect Internet gaming disorder. Narcissism, on the other hand, has been shown to have a mediating effect on Internet gaming disorder through cyberloafing. It has been determined that Internet gaming disorder affects social appearance anxiety. Research results show that Internet gaming disorder can be reduced by improving internal locus of control and reducing cyberloafing behaviors and narcissism. The results of the research will provide tips to experts on interventions that can be made for students with Internet gaming disorder. In line with the findings obtained from the research, what can be done to combat Internet gaming disorder is discussed.
Teachers' personality types and their attitude toward receiving and employing postobservation feedback
Authors: Javahery Pourya , Kamali Jaber 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClassroom observation has been long considered a powerful tool for evaluating and monitoring teachers' performance and progress. Teachers can benefit from the feedback during the postobservation conference but giving feedback is not a simple skill and needs knowledge and training. Research on tackling postobservation problems remains emerging and the aim of this study is to explore the role that a teacher's personality type–based on DiSC personality test‐ might play in postobservation conferences and reaction to receiving feedback from the supervisor. To gather data, 20 nonnative EFL teachers were asked to take the DiSC personality test to have their personality types identified, then they were observed three times, and each time they received feedback on their classroom management techniques. Results indicate that teachers with different personality types act differently during the postobservation conferences. While D and i styles are active and tend to employ feedback moderately and strongly in their classes, S and C styles are mostly passive with the tendency of employing feedback moderately and weakly. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of personality types in teachers' tolerance of criticism and their tendency to apply the received feedback in their future classes.
Predictors of access to healthcare services within 1 month after stroke in a developing country: A longitudinal prospective study
Authors: Silva Soraia Micaela , Dutra Tamires Mariana de Freitas Vieira , Braga Marcela Aline Fernandes , Silva Edvânia Andrade de Moura , de Faria‐Fortini Iza , Faria Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, people with disabilities face difficulties accessing care, resulting in worse health outcomes and higher healthcare costs. However, information regarding access to healthcare services for stroke survivors in developing countries is scarce.ObjectiveTo identify predictors of access to healthcare services within 1 month of hospital discharge in a developing country (Brazil).MethodsFor six months, individuals from a stroke unit, aged ≥20 years, after their first stroke and without previous disability, were included and evaluated at hospital discharge for socio‐demographic (sex, age, education, and socio‐economic level) and clinical‐functional (severity of stroke and level of disability) characteristics. The number and type of referrals to healthcare services provided by hospital staff were also recorded. One month after hospital discharge, data regarding access to healthcare services obtained by the subjects were collected. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the number of referrals and access to healthcare services obtained by the subjects. To identify the predictors of access, a binary logistic regression was used (α = 5%).ResultsA total of 78 individuals were evaluated one month after hospital discharge, all with at least one referral. The total access to healthcare services within 1 month of stroke was significantly lower than the total number of referrals (p < 0.001). Sex (odds ratios (OR) = 18.92; p = 0.01) and educational level (OR = 1.48; p = 0.04) were significant predictors of access.ConclusionsBeing female and having low education levels were predictors of access to healthcare services within 1 month of stroke in a developing country. In addition, the access was below expectations, compromising the integrality of care and national and international recommendations, which is a concern given the need for early care to obtain better results in health and functional outcomes.
Structural and functional characterization of the cytotoxic protein ledodin, an atypical ribosome‐inactivating protein from shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes)
Authors: Citores Lucía , Ragucci Sara , Russo Rosita , Gay Claudia C. , Chambery Angela , Di Maro Antimo , Iglesias Rosario , Ferreras José M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe have purified ledodin, a cytotoxic 22‐kDa protein from shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) consisting of a 197 amino acid chain. Ledodin possessed N‐glycosylase activity on the sarcin‐ricin loop of mammalian 28S rRNA and inhibited protein synthesis. However, it was not active against insect, fungal, and bacterial ribosomes. In vitro and in silico studies suggested that ledodin exhibits a catalytic mechanism like that of DNA glycosylases and plant ribosome‐inactivating proteins. Moreover, the sequence and structure of ledodin was not related to any protein of known function, although ledodin‐homologous sequences were found in the genome of several species of fungi, some edible, belonging to different orders of the class Agaricomycetes. Therefore, ledodin could be the first of a new family of enzymes widely distributed among this class of basidiomycetes. The interest of these proteins lies both, in the fact that they can be a toxic agent of some edible mushrooms and in their application in medicine and biotechnology.