bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration and practice of ideological and political education in biochemistry and molecular biology for cultivation of ethical and medical talents
Authors: Zhang Chunjing , Liu Ying , Qi Xiaodan , Wang Xiaolong , Zhao Zhenglin 
Published: May 2023

Combine the learning characteristics of medical specialty and the core socialist values. Ideological and political education is integrated into the teaching of biochemistry and molecular biology. We will strive to cultivate medical talents of the new era with excellent medical skills, noble medical ethics, the patriotism, concern for the people's livelihood and dedication for the society, guided by "professionalism", "practicing ability" and "social adaptation".
The talent training of medical university bears the important task of training medical workers with noble medical ethics, exquisite medical skills and humanistic spirit [1]. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology is an important basic and compulsory course for medical majors. Its relevant theories and technologies have penetrated into all fields of basic medicine and clinical medicine. This course contains rich ideological and political education elements, which are closely combined with clinical practice and daily life, so that students can more vividly and concretely grasp the knowledge and feel the essence of the thought. The implementation of curriculum ideological and political education is helpful to improve the humanistic quality of medical students and professional ethics of doctors. This paper explores and practices the implementation methods of curriculum ideology in biochemistry and molecular biology. It also integrates the elements of moral education into daily teaching guided by "professional spirit", "practicing ability" and "social adaptation", aiming to continuously improve the effect of education and ultimately contribute to the cultivation of medical talents with both moral and medical skills.
Keratokonus: Biomechanik ex vivo
Authors: Lohmüller Robert , Böhringer Daniel , Maier Philip Christian , Ross Andrea Karin , Schlunck Günther , Reinhard Thomas , Lang Stefan J. 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der Keratokonus geht mit einer Veränderung der kornealen Biomechanik einher. Mittels Nanoindentation kann eine ortsaufgelöste Charakterisierung biomechanischer
Eigenschaften an humanem Hornhautgewebe erfolgen. Ziel der Studie ist die Erfassung der biomechanischen Eigenschaften von Hornhäuten mit Keratokonus im Vergleich zu einer gesunden
Kontrollgruppe mit Spendergewebe, das nicht zur Transplantation geeignet ist.
Methoden 17 Gewebeexplantate von Patienten mit Keratokonus und 10 gesunde, nicht für Transplantationszwecke geeignete Hornhäute wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Alle Proben
wurden für mindestens 24 h in Kulturmedium mit 15% Dextran äquilibriert. Anschließend erfolgte die Nanoindentation bis in eine Tiefe von 25 µm bei einer Kraftzunahme von 300 µN/min.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 2328 ortsaufgelöste einzelne Nanoindentationsmessungen durchgeführt. In der Keratokonusgruppe (1802 Indentationen) lag das mittlere Elastizitätsmodul bei
23,2 kPa (± 15,0 kPa). In der Kontrollgruppe (526 Indentationen) lag das mittlere Elastizitätsmodul bei 48,7 kPa (± 20,5 kPa). Im Wilcoxon-Test zeigte sich der Unterschied als statistisch
signifikant.
Schlussfolgerung Mittels Nanoindentation konnte ex vivo bei Hornhäuten mit Keratokonus im Vergleich zu Hornhäuten ohne Keratokonus ein signifikant geringeres und damit weicheres
Elastizitätsmodul gefunden werden. Diese Ergebnisse sind eine Basis für die Initiierung weiterer Studien, um ein besseres Verständnis über die pathologisch veränderte korneale Biomechanik
bei Keratokonus zu entwickeln.
Platelets and the Lectin Pathway of Complement Activation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Vils Signe Risbøl , Troldborg Anne , Hvas Anne-Mette , Thiel Steffen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased risk of thrombosis even when they do not have antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Interactions between complement activation and activated platelets have been suggested in SLE and APS and could play a role in the increased thrombosis risk.
Objectives To explore factors potentially related to the prothrombotic pathophysiology in patients with SLE, primary APS, and healthy controls, by investigating lectin pathway proteins (LPPs), complement activation, platelet aggregation, and platelet activation.
Methods This cross-sectional cohort study included 20 SLE patients, 17 primary APS, and 39 healthy controls. Flow cytometry and light transmission aggregometry were used to assess platelet activation and aggregation. Using time-resolved immunofluorometric assays, the plasma concentrations of 11 LPPs and C3dg, reflecting complement activation, were measured.
Results H-ficolin plasma concentrations were higher in SLE and APS patients than in controls (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03). M-ficolin was lower in SLE than in APS (p = 0.01) and controls (p = 0.03). MAp19 was higher in APS patients than in SLE patients (p = 0.01) and controls (p < 0.001). In APS patients, MASP-2 and C3dg correlated negatively with platelet activation. Platelet-bound fibrinogen after agonist stimulation and C3dg concentrations correlated negatively with platelet activation.
Conclusion We observed significant differences between SLE and APS patients regarding complement proteins and platelet activation. Particularly the negative correlations between MASP-2 and C3dg with platelet activation only observed in APS patients suggest that interactions between complement activation and platelets differ in SLE and APS.
Skull and Scalp En-Bloc Harvest Protects Calvarial Perfusion: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Lopez Christopher D. , Girard Alisa O. , Lake Isabel V. , Suresh Visakha , Abdou Hossam , Morrison Jonathan J. , Yang Robin , Gordon Chad R. , Redett Richard J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Calvarial defects are severe injuries that can result from a wide array of etiologies. Reconstructive modalities for these clinical challenges include autologous bone grafting or cranioplasty with biocompatible alloplastic materials. Unfortunately, both approaches are limited by factors such as donor site morbidly, tissue availability, and infection. Calvarial transplantation offers the potential opportunity to address skull defect form and functional needs by replacing “like-with-like” tissue but remains poorly investigated.
Methods Three adult human cadavers underwent circumferential dissection and osteotomy to raise the entire scalp and skull en-bloc. The vascular pedicles of the scalp were assessed for patency and perfused with color dye, iohexol contrast agent for computed tomography (CT) angiography, and indocyanine green for SPY-Portable Handheld Imager assessment of perfusion to the skull.
Results Gross changes were appreciated to the scalp with color dye, but not to bone. CT angiography and SPY-Portable Handheld Imager assessment confirmed perfusion from the vessels of the scalp to the skull beyond midline.
Conclusion Calvarial transplantation may be a technically viable option for skull defect reconstruction that requires vascularized composite tissues (bone and soft tissue) for optimal outcomes.
Minimally Invasive Image-Guided Procedures for Benign Liver Lesions
Authors: Khan Fiza M. , Nezami Nariman , Stumpf Florian , Smith Tyler A. , Revizin Margarita , Fang Adam , Loya Mohammad F. , Sheth Rahul A. , Yevich Steven , Habibillahi Peiman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs access to affordable high-resolution medical imaging has improved, so too has the identification of benign hepatic lesions. Advanced imaging techniques and applications often allow characterization of these lesions so as to differentiate benign and malignant lesions without the need for biopsy. Patients with benign liver lesions are usually asymptomatic; however, a palliative intervention may be indicated if a benign liver lesion is symptomatic. This article reviews the characteristic imaging features of benign liver lesions, the indications for minimally invasive intervention, and the specific procedures for minimally invasive, nonsurgical intervention, and the procedural expectations, effectiveness, and periprocedural care.
Telecom C-band photon emission from (In,Ga)As quantum dots generated by filling nanoholes in In0.52Al0.48As layers
Authors: Deutsch D. , Buchholz C. , Zolatanosha V. , Jöns K. D. , Reuter D. 
Published: May 2023

We present the fabrication of strain-free quantum dots in the In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As-system lattice matched to InP, as future sources for single and entangled photons for long-haul fiber-based quantum communication in the optical C-band. We achieved these quantum dots by local droplet etching via InAl droplets in an In0.52Al0.48As layer and subsequent filling of the holes with In0.53Ga0.47As. Here, we present detailed investigations of the hole morphologies measured by atomic force microscopy. Statistical analysis of a set of nanoholes reveals a high degree of symmetry for nearly half of them when etched at optimized temperatures. Overgrowth with 50–150 nm In0.52Al0.48As increases their diameter and elongates the holes along the [01̄1]-direction. By systematically scanning the parameter space, we were able to fill the holes with In0.53Ga0.47As, and by capping the filled holes and performing photoluminescence measurements, we observe photoluminescence emission in the O-band up into the C-band depending on the filling height of the nanoholes.
Understanding the origin of the improved sodium ion storage performance of the transition metal oxide@carbon nanocomposite anodes
Authors: Yang Xin-Tao , Huang Ting-Yi , Wang Yao-Hui , Dong Jin-Chao , Wei Qiu-Long , Zhang Hua , Lin Xiu-Mei , Li Jian-Feng 
Published: May 2023

Transition metal oxide (TMO) anodes show inferior sodium ion storage performance compared with that of lithium ion storage owing to the larger radium size and heavier elemental mass of Na+ than Li+. Effective strategies are highly desired to improve the Na+ storage performance of TMOs for applications. In this work, using ZnFe2O4@xC nanocomposites as model materials for investigation, we found that by manipulating the particle sizes of the inner TMOs core and the features of outer carbon coating, the Na+ storage performance can be significantly improved. The ZnFe2O4@1C with a diameter of the inner ZnFe2O4 core of around 200 nm coated by a thin carbon layer of around 3 nm shows a specific capacity of only 120 mA h g−1. The ZnFe2O4@6.5C with a diameter of the inner ZnFe2O4 core of around 110 nm embedding in a porous interconnected carbon matrix displays a significantly improved specific capacity of 420 mA h g−1 at the same specific current. Furthermore, the latter shows an excellent cycling stability of 1000 cycles with a capacity retention of 90% of the initial 220 mA h g−1 specific capacity at 1.0 A g−1. TEM, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and kinetic analysis show that the inner ZnFe2O4 core with reduced particle size and the outer thicker and interconnected carbon matrix synergistically improve the active reaction sites, integrity, electric conductivity, and pseudocapacitive-controlled contribution of ZnFe2O4@xC nanocomposites, thus leading to an overall enhanced Na+ storage performance. Our findings create a universal, facile, and effective method to enhance the Na+ storage performance of the TMO@C nanomaterials.
Nominalization in Wutun
Authors: Sandman Erika 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper I discuss the various functions of nominalization in Wutun, a mixed Sinitic language spoken by ca. 4000 people in Qinghai Province, Northwest China. Nominalization in Wutun is expressed by the multi-purpose marker -de(cognate to Standard Mandarinde的), which functions on both the lexical and clausal levels. Lexical nominalization takes the verb as its domain to derive nouns or adjectives, while clausal nominalization takes the entire clause as its domain and allows the clause to be treated as a noun phrase. Clausal nominalization in Wutun is used to form nominal complement clauses, relative clauses and adverbial subordinate clauses. In addition, the multi-purpose marker -dein Wutun has functions that go beyond nominalization, including pronominal function, pre-nominal modification and stand-alone usage, which is related to aspect and emphasis and plays an important role in stance-taking.
Aspects of early Chinese global lexical copies surviving in Modern Uyghur
Authors: Yakup Abdurishid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Modern Uyghur language has a large number of lexemes copied from Chinese in different periods of Uyghur. Amongst them, there is a special group of lexemes globally copied from Chinese first into the Old Uyghur literary language which is documented in the texts written in various scripts from the 8th to the 14th centuries. Some of these global lexical copies were transmitted to the next stages of Uyghur and are established in Modern Uyghur as part of its lexicon. This paper discusses aspects of this special group of lexemes from the four points, semantic reinterpretation, fusion in form and meaning, multiple copying of the same lexeme, and additions to the lexicon. The aim is to illustrate some important aspects of the historical Sino-Uyghur linguistic and cultural contact reflected in these copies and to provide Uyghur examples to understand aspects of diachronic development of copied lexemes in the recipient language.
Association between wildfire smoke exposure and Seattle, Washington Pediatric Hospital services, 2006–2020
Authors: Iyaz Daaniya , Perkins Alexandra , Cogen Jonathan D , Doubleday Annie , Sack Coralynn , Busch Isaksen Tania 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Pacific Northwest wildfire smoke events have been increasing in prevalence and severity over the past three decades, resulting in documented negative health outcomes in adults. However, there is less evidence demonstrating the effect of wildfire smoke in pediatric populations. To evaluate the association between wildfire smoke exposure and healthcare utilization in a pediatric tertiary medical center in Seattle, WA. We utilized a case–crossover study to determine the odds of pediatric emergency department (ED) visit/ hospital admission at Seattle Children’s Hospital on wildfire smoke days versus non-wildfire smoke days during wildfire season (June to September), 2006–2020. The health outcomes dataset reports hospital encounters in two categories: ED visits or admissions that are for inpatient or observational purposes. The health outcomes dataset reports hospital encounters in two categories: ED visits or admissions that are for inpatient or observational purposes. The reported encounter types are mutually exclusive. We stratified analyses by individual-level characteristics and examined associations for lagged exposures 0–7 d prior to admission. In adjusted analyses, smoke exposure was associated with a 7.0% (95% CI: 3.0%–12.0%) increase in odds of all-cause hospital admissions and a 0.0% (95% CI: −3.0%, 3.0%) change in odds of all-cause ED visits. We also observed increases in the odds of all-cause hospital admissions ranging from 4.0% to 8.0%, for lagged exposure on days 1–7. When stratified by health outcomes, we found a 9.0% (95% CI: 1.0%–17.0%) and an 11.0% (95% CI:1.0%–21.0%) increase in the odds of ED visits for respiratory and respiratory infection-related concerns, respectively. Our results demonstrate associations between wildfire smoke and negative health effects in children. Similar to other studies, we found that wildfire smoke exposure was associated with an increase in respiratory-related ED visits and all-cause hospital admissions in a pediatric population. These results will help inform patient education and motivate interventions to reduce pediatric morbidity during wildfire season.
After the fire: A qualitative study of the role of long-term recovery organizations in addressing rural communities’ post-wildfire needs
Authors: Moloney Kathleen , Vickery Jamie , Hess Jeremy , Errett Nicole 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
U.S. wildfire activity has increased over the past several decades, disrupting the systems and infrastructure that support community health and resilience. As the cumulative burden of wildfire damage is projected to increase, understanding an effective community recovery process is critically important. Through qualitative interviews with leaders of long-term recovery organizations (LTROs), a key component of wildfire recovery, we explored barriers and facilitators to LTROs’ ability to support post-wildfire needs among rural communities. Between February-May 2022, we conducted surveys and semi-structured interviews with 18 leaders from six LTROs serving rural communities in Washington, Oregon, and California impacted by wildfires between 2015–2020. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Culture of Health Framework informed the semi-structured interview guide and a priori codebook, to examine LTROs’ ability to address post-wildfire community needs from a health equity perspective. Additional codes were added through an inductive approach, and emerging themes were identified. Our findings indicate that LTROs face many barriers in addressing community needs post-wildfire, including the policies governing access to and the slow arrival of recovery resources, the intertwined nature of community economic health and built environment restoration, and the challenge of forming a functional LTRO structure. However, participants also identified facilitators of LTROs’ work, including the ability of LTROs and their government partners to adapt policies and procedures, and close collaboration with other community organizations. Factors both internal and external to the community and LTROs’ organizational characteristics influence their ability to address community needs, essential to health, post-wildfire. This study’s findings suggest the need for policy improvements to promote more equitable recovery resource access, that economic recovery should be a core LTRO function, and that recovery planning should be incorporated into community disaster preparedness activities. Future research should focus on LTROs’ role in other contexts and in response to other disasters.
The relationship between β-amylase and the degradation of starch temporarily stored in rice leaf blades
Authors: Sugimura Yu , Fukayama Hiroshi , Michiyama Hiroyasu , Hirano Tatsuya 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Starch is stored temporarily in the leaves during the day but degraded during the night. In this study, we investigated the relationship between diurnal changes in starch content in rice leaf blades and the mRNA levels of β-amylase genes. In addition to the known plastid-type β-amylases OsBAM2 and OsBAM3, OsBAM4, and OsBAM5 were also identified as plastid targeted proteins. In the leaf blades, starch contents, which reached its maximum at the end of day, showed two periods of marked decrease: from 18:00 to 21:00 and from 24:00 to 6:00. The expression of OsBAM2, OsBAM3, OsBAM4, and OsBAM5 was maintained at a low level from 18:00 to 21:00 but increased strongly after midnight. Furthermore, β-amylase activity gradually increased after 21:00, reaching a maximum during the early morning. These results suggest that in rice leaf blades, β-amylase plays an important role in starch degradation by being highly active from midnight to dawn.
Validation of a microRNA liquid biopsy assay for diagnosis and risk stratification of invasive cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Van Laar Ryan , Latif Babak , King Sam , Love Christopher , Taubenheim Nadine , Kalansooriya Esha , Wang Wandi , Saad Mirette , Winship Ingrid , Azzi Anthony , Lilleyman Alister , Landgren Tony 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Noninvasive molecular biomarkers are needed to improve the early, accurate and precise diagnosis of invasive cutaneous melanoma.

Objectives
To independently validate a previously identified circulating microRNA signature of melanoma (MEL38), and, secondly, to develop a complementary microRNA signature, optimized for prognostication.

Patients and Methods
MicroRNA expression profiling was performed on plasma samples from a multicentre observational case–control study, involving patients with primary or metastatic melanoma, melanoma in situ, nonmelanoma skin cancer, or benign naevi. MicroRNA profiles from patients with length of survival, treatment and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) data were used to develop the prognostic signature. The primary outcome of interest for MEL38 was its association with melanoma status, including area under the curve, binary diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and incidence-adjusted positive and negative predictive values. The prognostic signature was assessed using rates of survival per risk group and relationship to conventional predictors of outcome.

Results
Circulating microRNA profiles of 372 patients with invasive melanoma and 210 control individuals were generated. The average age of all participants was 59 years; 49% were male. A MEL38 score &gt; 5.5 indicated the presence of invasive melanoma. Overall, 551/582 (95%) of patients were correctly diagnosed, with 93% sensitivity and 98% specificity. MEL38 score ranged from 0 to 10 with an area under the curve of 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.97–0.99, P &lt; 0.001). A novel prognostic 12-microRNA signature (MEL12) developed from 232 patients identified low-, standard- or high-risk groups, with 94%, 78% and 58% rates of 10-year melanoma-specific survival, respectively (log-rank P &lt; 0.001). MEL12 prognostic risk groups were significantly associated with clinical staging (χ2, P &lt; 0.001) and SLNB status (P = 0.027). Patients who were classified as high risk by MEL12 were approximately three times more likely to have melanoma detected in their sentinel lymph nodes compared to low-risk patients.

Conclusions
The circulating MEL38 signature may assist in diagnosing patients with invasive melanoma vs. other conditions associated with a lower – or negligible – risk of mortality. A complementary and prognostic MEL12 signature is predictive of SLNB status, clinical stage and probability of survival. Plasma microRNA profiling may help to optimize existing diagnostic pathways as well as enable personalized, risk-informed melanoma treatment decisions.