bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can anterior vertebral body tethering provide superior range of motion outcomes compared to posterior spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? A systematic review
Authors: Wong Darren Li Liang , Mong Pak Tung , Ng Chun Yin , Ong Chun Kwan , Qian Zhekai , Shao Mang Hong , Sin Ling Kwan Ernest , Wong Bao Yi , Wong Chun Ming , Cheung Jason Pui Yin , To Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Anterior vertebral body tethering (AVBT) was introduced as a fusionless alternative to treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) while preserving range of motion (ROM). This is the first systematic review to compare the ROM outcomes between AVBT and PSF in treating AIS.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria were patients with AIS treated with AVBT or PSF or both, and clearly defined ROM outcomes; exclusion criteria were scoliosis other than AIS, biomechanical or cadaveric studies, non-English publications, case reports, conference summaries, unpublished literature, commentaries, and reviews. Primary outcome was ROM. Secondary outcomes included Cobb angle correction, quality of life (QOL), complications, and muscle strength and endurance.

Results
Twelve studies were included in this review. We found moderate evidence to support that AVBT results in superior ROM outcomes than PSF while achieving comparable Cobb angle correction with low evidence. The comparison of QOL outcomes between AVBT and PSF remained inconclusive. In addition to the complications noted conventionally in PSF, AVBT could result in over-correction and distal adding-on. We also found very low evidence to support that AIS patients treated with AVBT have superior muscle strength and endurance when compared to those treated with PSF.

Conclusions
AVBT provides better preservation of ROM and muscle strength postoperatively when compared with PSF, while achieving comparable curve correction. Future studies should explore the spinal growth trajectory to determine the window of opportunity for AVBT in AIS.
All reported non-canonical splice site variants in GLA cause aberrant splicing
Authors: Okada Eri , Horinouchi Tomoko , Yamamura Tomohiko , Aoto Yuya , Suzuki Ryota , Ichikawa Yuta , Tanaka Yu , Masuda Chika , Kitakado Hideaki , Kondo Atsushi , Sakakibara Nana , Ishiko Shinya , Nagano China , Ishimori Shingo , Usui Joichi , Yamagata Kunihiro , Matsuo Masafumi , Nozu Kandai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by insufficient α-galactosidase A (GLA) activity resulting from variants in theGLAgene, which leads to glycosphingolipid accumulation and life-threatening, multi-organ complications. Approximately 50 variants have been reported that cause splicing abnormalities inGLA. Most were found within canonical splice sites, which are highly conserved GT and AG splice acceptor and donor dinucleotides, whereas one-third were located outside canonical splice sites, making it difficult to interpret their pathogenicity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic pathogenicity of variants located in non-canonical splice sites within theGLAgene.Methods13 variants, including four deep intronic variants, were selected from the Human Gene Variant Database Professional. We performed anin vitrosplicing assay to identify splicing abnormalities in the variants.ResultsAll candidate non-canonical splice site variants inGLAcaused aberrant splicing. Additionally, all but one variant was protein-truncating. The four deep intronic variants generated abnormal transcripts, including a cryptic exon, as well as normal transcripts, with the proportion of each differing in a cell-specific manner.ConclusionsValidation of splicing effects using anin vitrosplicing assay is useful for confirming pathogenicity and determining associations with clinical phenotypes.
Landscape genetics of the protected Spanish Moon Moth in core, buffer, and peripheral areas of the Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park (Central Pyrenees, Spain)
Authors: González-Castellano Inés , Marí-Mena Neus , Segelbacher Gernot , Lopez-Vaamonde Carlos , González-López Jorge , Fagúndez Jaime , Vila Marta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConservation managers need to know the degree of connectivity showed by the populations to be preserved, especially when protected areas and/or species are involved. One of the conservation projects carried out by the Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park (Central Pyrenees, Spain) is the monitoring of the protected Spanish Moon Moth, Graellsia isabellae (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae), in several sites within the actual park, buffer zone, and peripheral area. Here we studied the genetic diversity, geographical structure, and connectivity of this iconic insect in those areas with the aim of producing evidence-based recommendations that might help the National Park staff in their decision-making. For this, we non-lethally sampled 402 adult moths from 17 sites and worked at two geographic scales: Western/Central Pyrenees and the area monitored by the staff of the National Park. The multilocus genotypes obtained for nine nuclear microsatellite markers allowed us to quantify genetic variation, investigate population structure, and calculate recent migration rates. Our results revealed a large-scale (ca. 125 km) west–east cline in allele frequencies that causes low overall genetic differentiation (FST = 0.038) and similar levels of diversity among sites. Habitat connectivity revealed as an important element determining dispersal for G. isabellae, given the patchy distribution of the host plant (Pinus sylvestris) in the study area. Gene flow within and outside the National Park was proved, with a particular site of the buffer zone (Bujaruelo) acting as a source of migrants to other localities within and outside the National Park. This finding underlines the importance of considering buffer zones to preserve genetic diversity within protected areas, and that safeguarding the connectedness of pine patches is key to the conservation of this iconic moth.
Multi-model query languages: taming the variety of big data
Authors: Guo Qingsong , Zhang Chao , Zhang Shuxun , Lu Jiaheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA critical issue in Big Data management is to address the variety of data–data are produced by disparate sources, presented in various formats, and hence inherently involves multiple data models. Multi-Model DataBases (MMDBs) have emerged as a promising approach for dealing with this task as they are capable of accommodating multi-model data in a single system and querying across them with a unified query language. This article aims to offer a comprehensive survey of a wide range of multi-model query languages of MMDBs. In particular, we first present the SQL-based extensions toward multi-model data, including the standard SQL extensions such as SQL/XML, SQL/JSON, and GQL, and the non-standard SQL extensions such as SQL++ and SPASQL. We then study the manners in which document-based and graph-based query languages can be extended to support multi-model data. We also investigate the query languages that provide native support on multi-model data. Finally, this article provides insights into the open challenges and problems of multi-model query languages.
Let Learners Monitor the Learning Content and Their Learning Behavior! A Meta-analysis on the Effectiveness of Tools to Foster Monitoring
Authors: Dignath Charlotte , van Ewijk Reyn , Perels Franziska , Fabriz Sabine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelf-monitoring is an integral part of self-regulated learning. Tools that foster learners’ monitoring, such as learning journals, portfolios, or rubrics, are supposed to promote self-regulation and to improve performance. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the effectiveness of tools designed to foster monitoring on learning-related variables (academic achievement, self-regulated learning, and motivation). As these tools vary greatly in their design and the addressed components, this meta-analysis aims to uncover how such tools should be implemented to foster monitoring most effectively. The results of this meta-analysis, integrating 109 effect sizes with 3492 participants from 32 intervention studies, supported a reactivity effect by revealing a moderate effect size on academic achievement (d = 0.42), and low effects on self-regulated learning (d = 0.19) and motivation (d = 0.17). These effects were moderated by characteristics of the tool and their implementation. Effect sizes were highest for tools that (1) focused on the monitoring of both learning content as well as learning behavior, (2) stimulated metacognitive monitoring, and (3) were implemented in shorter studies. On a descriptive level, higher effects were found in favor of monitoring interventions that included teacher feedback on self-monitoring entries and allowed learners to directly revise their work based on this feedback. The findings show that there is substantial variation across tools, which yield theoretical and methodological implications on how to foster monitoring as important parts of the self-regulation cycle.
Elliptic soliton solutions of the spin non-chiral intermediate long-wave equation
Authors: Berntson Bjorn K. , Langmann Edwin , Lenells Jonatan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe construct elliptic multi-soliton solutions of the spin non-chiral intermediate long-wave (sncILW) equation with periodic boundary conditions. These solutions are obtained by a spin-pole ansatz including a dynamical background term; we show that this ansatz solves the periodic sncILW equation provided the spins and poles satisfy the elliptic A-type spin Calogero-Moser (sCM) system with certain constraints on the initial conditions. The key to this result is a Bäcklund transformation for the elliptic sCM system which includes a non-trivial dynamical background term. We also present solutions of the sncILW equation on the real line and of the spin Benjamin–Ono equation which generalize previously obtained solutions by allowing for a non-trivial background term.
Poset Ramsey Number $$R(P,Q_{n})$$. I. Complete Multipartite Posets
Authors: Winter Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA poset $$(P^{\prime },\le _{P^{\prime }})$$

(

P
′

,

≤

P
′

)

contains a copy of some other poset $$(P,\le _{P})$$

(
P
,

≤
P

)

if there is an injection $$f:P'\rightarrow P$$

f
:

P
′

→
P

where for every $$X,Y\in P$$

X
,
Y
∈
P

, $$X\le _{P} Y$$

X

≤
P

Y

if and only if $$f(X)\le _{P'} f(Y)$$

f

(
X
)

≤

P
′

f

(
Y
)

. For any posets P and Q, the poset Ramsey number R(P, Q) is the smallest integer N such that any blue/red coloring of a Boolean lattice of dimension N contains either a copy of P with all elements blue or a copy of Q with all elements red. A complete $$\ell $$
ℓ
-partite poset $$K_{t_{1},\dots ,t_{\ell }}$$

K

t
1

,
⋯
,

t
ℓ

is a poset on $$\sum _{i=1}^{\ell } t_{i}$$

∑

i
=
1

ℓ

t
i

elements, which are partitioned into $$\ell $$
ℓ
pairwise disjoint sets $$A^{i}$$

A
i

with $$|A^{i}|=t_{i}$$

|

A
i

|
=

t
i

, $$1\le i\le \ell $$

1
≤
i
≤
ℓ

, such that for any two $$X\in A^{i}$$

X
∈

A
i

and $$Y\in A^{j}$$

Y
∈

A
j

, $$X<Y$$

X
<
Y

if and only if $$i<j$$

i
<
j

. In this paper we show that $$R(K_{t_{1},\dots ,t_{\ell }},Q_{n})\le n+\frac{(2+o_{n}(1))\ell n}{\log n}$$

R

(

K

t
1

,
⋯
,

t
ℓ

,

Q
n

)

≤
n
+

(
2
+

o
n

(
1
)

)
ℓ
n

log
n

.
Extensive ITR expansion of the 2022 Mpox virus genome through gene duplication and gene loss
Authors: Brinkmann Annika , Kohl Claudia , Pape Katharina , Bourquain Daniel , Thürmer Andrea , Michel Janine , Schaade Lars , Nitsche Andreas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPoxviruses are known to evolve slower than RNA viruses with only 1–2 mutations/genome/year. Rather than single mutations, rearrangements such as gene gain and loss, which have been discussed as a possible driver for host adaption, were described in poxviruses. In 2022 and 2023 the world is being challenged by the largest global outbreak so far of Mpox virus, and the virus seems to have established itself in the human community for an extended period of time. Here, we report five Mpox virus genomes from Germany with extensive gene duplication and loss, leading to the expansion of the ITR regions from 6400 to up to 24,600 bp. We describe duplications of up to 18,200 bp to the opposed genome end, and deletions at the site of insertion of up to 16,900 bp. Deletions and duplications of genes with functions of supposed immune modulation, virulence and host adaption as B19R, B21R, B22R and D10L are described. In summary, we highlight the need for monitoring rearrangements of the Mpox virus genome rather than for monitoring single mutations only.
Predicting the output error of the suboptimal state estimator to improve the performance of the MPC-based artificial pancreas
Authors: Dodek Martin , Miklovičová Eva 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe error of single step-ahead output prediction is the information traditionally used to correct the state estimate while exploiting the new measurement of the system output. However, its dynamics and statistical properties can be further studied and exploited in other ways. It is known that in the case of suboptimal state estimation, this output prediction error forms a correlated sequence, hence it can be effectively predicted in real time. Such a suboptimal scenario is typical in applications where the process noise model is not known or it is uncertain. Therefore, the paper deals with the problems of analytical and empirical modeling, identification, and prediction of the output error of the suboptimal state estimator for the sake of improving the output prediction accuracy and ultimately the performance of the model predictive control. The improvements are validated on an empirical model of type 1 diabetes within an in-silico experiment focused on glycemia prediction and implementation of the MPC-based artificial pancreas.
Equalising the Transmission Properties of Graph-Modelled Networks by Introducing the Control of the Resources Used to Transmit Information
Authors: Bujnowski Sławomir , Marciniak Beata , Oyerinde Olutayo Oyeyemi , Lutowski Zbigniew , Flizikowski Adam , Galan Sebastián García 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe object of the presented paper is to demonstrate the possibility of equalizing the transmission properties of networks described by graphs with an equal number of nodes of the same degree but differing in diameter and average path length. A node of a graph is understood to be a specialised device performing commutation and transmission functions, while an edge is understood to be a transmission link. It was assumed that this alignment can be achieved by controlling the transmission resources assigned to specific edges of a graph through which the network nodes communicate with each other. The concept of transmission resource, counted in contractual units, is understood as, for example, the number of time slots or the bandwidth of the links used to transmit information. The authors show that with the proposed method, the equalization of the mentioned network properties is achieved with a minimal increase in the global resources used for transmission.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Updates in Leptomeningeal Disease
Authors: Roy-O’Reilly Meaghan A. , Lanman Tyler , Ruiz Amber , Rogawski David , Stocksdale Brian , Nagpal Seema 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a devastating complication of advanced metastatic cancer associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. This study reviews the current understanding of the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of LMD. We highlight opportunities for advances in this disease.

Recent Findings
In recent years, the use of soluble CSF biomarkers has expanded, suggesting improved sensitivity over traditional cytology, identification of targetable mutations, and potential utility for monitoring disease burden. Recent studies of targeted small molecules and intrathecal based therapies have demonstrated an increase in overall and progression-free survival. In addition, there are several ongoing trials evaluating immunotherapy in LMD.

Summary
Though overall prognosis of LMD remains poor, studies suggest a potential role for soluble CSF biomarkers in diagnosis and management and demonstrate promising findings in patient outcomes with targeted therapies for specific solid tumors. Despite these advances, there continues to be a gap of knowledge in this disease, emphasizing the importance of inclusion of LMD patients in clinical trials.
Meta-model of Human Recognition-behavioral Adaptation System
Authors: Masuda Yutaka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractScientific modeling is a syllogistic system of definitive premise, sound inference and consistent explanation to understand, define, quantify, visualize or simulate feature of the target. Single-model is defined to an informative representation for identifying a property of a target object/phenomenon, and meta-model integrates the relevant single-models to explain phenomenological realities. Human recognition-behavioral adaptation is an information-metabolism system to maintain homeostasis of human-self, and that has been investigated in neurological, psychiatric and psychological aspects. I analyzed human recognition-behavioral adaptation-system via scientific modeling. Neurological meta-model of human recognition-behavioral adaptation system was synthesized as complex-network of the functional neuronal modules, and the meta-model was integrated to Mentality-model in the psychiatric aspect, and to Personality-model in the psychological aspect. The integrated meta-models successfully explained phenomenological realities in the aspects. From the above, I comprehended that the meta-model of human recognition-behavioral adaptation-system has been developed to Biopsychosocial model integrating the biological, psychological and socio-environmental factors.
User profile of an online cognitive behavioral therapy self-help platform in Turkey
Authors: Özer Ömer , Ceyhan Aydoğan Aykut , Struijs Sascha Y. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOnline mental health self-help services are of societal importance and increasingly popular. Therefore, we have developed an online platform offering free self-help to the Turkish public with modules based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) targeting depression, anxiety, and stress respectively. The main purpose of this study is to describe the user profile of this platform. A pre-intervention self-report assessment including general demographic information and the Brief Symptom Inventory questionnaire during October 2020 until September 2022. 8331 participants completed the assessment and created an account out of the 11.228 users who registered during a two-year period, of which 8.331 (74%) completed the assessment and created an account. The majority of these users were female (76.17%), highly educated (82%), single (68%) and actively studying or working (84%). Slightly more than half (57%) of the platform user had not received psychological assistance before, while those who did receive previous assistance indicate to have benefitted from that (74%). The psychological symptoms of users are widely distributed, encompassing a broad range of user profiles. Approximately half of all users actively used the platform, while the other half did not complete any module. Among active users, the course “coping with depressive mood” was the most popular (41.45%), followed by “coping with anxiety” (37.25%) and “coping with stress” (21.30%). Offering a free online CBT self-help platform to the Turkish public seems feasible, with strong uptake among both man and woman struggling with a variety of psychological symptoms. Further research is needed to assess user satisfaction and change in symptoms over time during platform use by means of a feasibility trial.
Targeting NAD Metabolism for the Therapy of Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Li Feifei , Wu Chou , Wang Gelin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs the aging population continues to grow rapidly, age-related diseases are becoming an increasing burden on the healthcare system and a major concern for the well-being of elderly individuals. While aging is an inevitable process for all humans, it can be slowed down and age-related diseases can be treated or alleviated. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a critical coenzyme or cofactor that plays a central role in metabolism and is involved in various cellular processes including the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, post-translational protein modifications, DNA repair, and immune responses. As individuals age, their NAD levels decline, and this decrease has been suggested to be a contributing factor to the development of numerous age-related diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. In pursuit of healthy aging, researchers have investigated approaches to boost or maintain NAD levels. Here, we provide an overview of NAD metabolism and the role of NAD in age-related diseases and summarize recent progress in the development of strategies that target NAD metabolism for the treatment of age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases.
The Secondary Motor Cortex-striatum Circuit Contributes to Suppressing Inappropriate Responses in Perceptual Decision Behavior
Authors: Liu Jing , Liu Dechen , Pu Xiaotian , Zou Kexin , Xie Taorong , Li Yaping , Yao Haishan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe secondary motor cortex (M2) encodes choice-related information and plays an important role in cue-guided actions. M2 neurons innervate the dorsal striatum (DS), which also contributes to decision-making behavior, yet how M2 modulates signals in the DS to influence perceptual decision-making is unclear. Using mice performing a visual Go/No-Go task, we showed that inactivating M2 projections to the DS impaired performance by increasing the false alarm (FA) rate to the reward-irrelevant No-Go stimulus. The choice signal of M2 neurons correlated with behavioral performance, and the inactivation of M2 neurons projecting to the DS reduced the choice signal in the DS. By measuring and manipulating the responses of direct or indirect pathway striatal neurons defined by M2 inputs, we found that the indirect pathway neurons exhibited a shorter response latency to the No-Go stimulus, and inactivating their early responses increased the FA rate. These results demonstrate that the M2-to-DS pathway is crucial for suppressing inappropriate responses in perceptual decision behavior.
Molekulare Schnappschüsse der Phageninfektion
Authors: Wolfram-Schauerte Maik , Pozhydaieva Nadiia , Höfer Katharina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractToday, the clinical potential of antibiotics is almost exhausted, which has led to a renaissance of phage research and phage therapy. To maximize phage therapy efficiency, we need an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which phages fight their hosts. Omics technologies can provide valuable insights in the molecular processes of infection. We applied time-resolved proteomics and transcriptomics to characterize the T4 phage infection of Escherichia coli on the molecular level.
Das FuN Screen-Prinzip zur experimentellen Analyse von Nanoporen in E. coli
Authors: Weber Wadim , Probanowski Tobias , Eisenhauer Klara , Kemp Philipp , Stein Viktor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNanopores constitute an important class of biotechnologically relevant proteins. Unlike binders and enzymes, their experimental characterization is limited to high-resolution, yet low throughput biophysical methods. Addressing this technological gap, the functional nanopore (FuN) screen now provides a versatile assay to study and engineer nanopores in Escherichia coli combining quantitative resolution with the ease, scalability, and throughput of cellular assays.