bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monazite in the eclogite and blueschist of the Svalbard Caledonides: its origin and forming-reactions
Authors: Kośmińska Karolina , Fassmer Kathrin , McClelland William C. , Majka Jarosław , Coble Matthew , Thomas Jay , Manecki Maciej , Lorenz Henning , Bazarnik Jakub , Münker Carsten 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh-pressure low-temperature rocks from Svalbard are an excellent target for studying metamorphic reactions in Phanerozoic subduction zones. This study reveals the presence of monazite in an eclogite and a blueschist from the Vestgötabreen Complex, southwestern Svalbard. In order to investigate the monazite-forming reaction, we obtained pressure–temperature estimates coupled with U–Pb and Lu–Hf dating. Combined geothermobarometry allows to constrain three evolutionary stages of garnet growth in the eclogite: nucleation (1.6 ± 0.3 GPa at 460 ± 60 °C), peak-pressure (2.3 ± 0.3 GPa at 507 ± 60 °C), and peak-temperature (2.1 ± 0.3 GPa at 553 ± 60 °C). A zircon age of 482 ± 10 Ma is interpreted to belong to the prograde part of the pressure–temperature path. Monazite forms inclusions within garnet rims, or it is surrounded by allanite and apatite, altogether forming pseudomorphs of a tabular shape in the matrix. Textures, geothermobarometry and geochronology support the conclusion the monazite formed under high-pressure conditions at 471 ± 6 Ma. We propose that the monazite crystallization in the eclogite happened due to a decomposition of accessory phases during the decompression after peak-pressure of the metamorphic cycle. Monazite in the blueschist occurs as inclusions in garnet cores and gives an indicative age of 486 ± 6 Ma, which is interpreted to reflect the prograde growth of the garnet. Lu–Hf garnet dating resolves an age of peak-pressure metamorphism in the blueschist at 471.1 ± 4 Ma under conditions of 2.0 ± 0.03 GPa and 500 ± 30 °C. The Vestgötabreen Complex provides evidence for an early Ordovician modern-style subduction system in the proximity of the Baltica margin. Hence, this study also supports the tectonic models that favour a mixed Baltican and Laurentian provenance of south-western Svalbard.
Convergence of genealogies through spinal decomposition with an application to population genetics
Authors: Foutel-Rodier Félix , Schertzer Emmanuel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConsider a branching Markov process with values in some general type space. Conditional on survival up to generation N, the genealogy of the extant population defines a random marked metric measure space, where individuals are marked by their type and pairwise distances are measured by the time to the most recent common ancestor. In the present manuscript, we devise a general method of moments to prove convergence of such genealogies in the Gromov-weak topology when $$N \rightarrow \infty $$

N
→
∞

. Informally, the moment of order k of the population is obtained by observing the genealogy of k individuals chosen uniformly at random after size-biasing the population at time N by its kth factorial moment. We show that the sampled genealogy can be expressed in terms of a k-spine decomposition of the original branching process, and that convergence reduces to the convergence of the underlying k-spines. As an illustration of our framework, we analyse the large-time behavior of a branching approximation of the biparental Wright–Fisher model with recombination. The model exhibits some interesting mathematical features. It starts in a supercritical state but is naturally driven to criticality. We show that the limiting behavior exhibits both critical and supercritical characteristics.
Using eDNA to understand predator–prey interactions influenced by invasive species
Authors: Riaz Maria , Warren Dan , Wittwer Claudia , Cocchiararo Berardino , Hundertmark Inga , Reiners Tobias Erik , Klimpel Sven , Pfenninger Markus , Khaliq Imran , Nowak Carsten 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInvasive predatory species may alter population dynamic processes of their prey and impact biological communities and ecosystem processes. Revealing biotic interactions, however, including the relationship between predator and prey, is a difficult task, in particular for species that are hard to monitor. Here, we present a case study that documents the utility of environmental DNA analysis (eDNA) to assess predator–prey interactions between two invasive fishes (Lepomis gibbosus, Pseudorasbora parva) and two potential amphibian prey species, (Triturus cristatus, Pelobates fuscus). We used species-specific TaqMan assays for quantitative assessment of eDNA concentrations from water samples collected from 89 sites across 31 ponds during three consecutive months from a local amphibian hotspot in Germany. We found a negative relationship between eDNA concentrations of the predators (fishes) and prey (amphibians) using Monte-Carlo tests. Our study highlights the potential of eDNA application to reveal predator–prey interactions and confirms the hypothesis that the observed local declines of amphibian species may be at least partly caused by recently introduced invasive fishes. Our findings have important consequences for local conservation management and highlight the usefulness of eDNA approaches to assess ecological interactions and guide targeted conservation action.
A Tight Bound for the Number of Edges of Matchstick Graphs
Authors: Lavollée Jérémy , Swanepoel Konrad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA matchstick graph is a plane graph with edges drawn as unit-distance line segments. Harborth introduced these graphs in 1981 and conjectured that the maximum number of edges for a matchstick graph on n vertices is $$\lfloor 3n-\sqrt{12n-3}\rfloor $$

⌊
3
n
-

12
n
-
3

⌋

. In this paper we prove this conjecture for all $$n\ge 1$$

n
≥
1

. The main geometric ingredient of the proof is an isoperimetric inequality related to L’Huilier’s inequality.
Field Choice Problem in Persistent Homology
Authors: Obayashi Ippei , Yoshiwaki Michio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper tackles the problem of coefficient field choice in persistent homology. When we compute a persistence diagram, we need to select a coefficient field before computation. We should understand the dependence of the diagram on the coefficient field to facilitate computation and interpretation of the diagram. We clarify that the dependence is strongly related to the torsion part of $$\mathbb {Z}$$
Z
relative homology in the filtration. We show the sufficient and necessary conditions of the independence of coefficient field choice. An efficient algorithm is proposed to verify the independence. A slight modification of the standard persistence algorithm gives the verification algorithm. In a numerical experiment with the algorithm, a persistence diagram rarely changes even when the coefficient field changes if we consider a filtration in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

R

3

. The experiment suggests that, in practical terms, changes in the field coefficient will not change persistence diagrams when the data are in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

R

3

.
Drain versus no drain in elective open incisional hernia operations: a registry-based analysis with 39,523 patients
Authors: Sahm M. , Pross M. , Hukauf M. , Adolf D. , Köckerling F. , Mantke R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Elective open incisional hernia operations are a frequently performed and complex procedure. Prophylactic drainage is widely practised to prevent local complications, but nevertheless the benefit of surgical drain placement remains a controversially discussed subject. Objective of this analysis was to evaluate the current status of patient care in clinical routine and outcome in this regard.

Methods
The study based on prospectively collected data of the Herniamed Register. Included were all patients with elective open incisional hernia between 1/2005 and 12/2020 and completed 1-year follow-up. Multiple linear and logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relation of individual factors to the outcome variables.

Results
Analysed were data from 39,523 patients (28,182 with drain, 11,341 without). Patients with drain placement were significantly older, had a higher BMI, more preoperative risk factors, and a larger defect size. Drained patients furthermore showed a significant disadvantage in the outcome parameters intraoperative complications, general complications, postoperative complications, complication-related reoperations, and pain at the 1-year follow-up. No significant difference was observed with respect to the recurrent rate.

Conclusion
With 71.3%, the use of surgical drainages has a high level of acceptance in elective open incisional hernia operations. The worse outcome of patients is associated with the use of drains, independent of other influencing factors in the model such as patient or surgical characteristics. The use of drains may be a surrogate parameter for other unobserved confounders.
Design principles for social exchange in social virtual reality-enabled virtual teams
Authors: Torro Osku , Pirkkalainen Henri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSocial virtual reality (SVR) is a novel technology that can simulate and potentially enhance our face-to-face interactions. However, our understanding of interpersonal communication in SVR is still limited. To address this research gap, we describe how SVR enables social exchange (i.e., fundamental communication patterns of trust and reciprocity between individuals), which is closely related to virtual team performance. We present an information systems design theory for social exchange in SVR-enabled virtual teams (SE-SVR). Drawing from affordance theory and social exchange theory, we describe how SVR material properties (i.e., avatars, virtual objects, virtual space, and verbal and nonverbal communication features) enable and foster social exchange in SVR. As a theoretical contribution, we propose design principles for social exchange in SVR and connect them with testable theoretical propositions. Furthermore, we present the concept of interacting with presence, which facilitates users’ affordance perceptions in SVR. We conceptually validate our design principles and illustrate our design through an artifact instantiation: XR Campus, which is a minimum viable product of a collaborative platform for the ECIU University. Our SE-SVR theory has important research and practice implications because it explains how critical aspects of organizational remote communication can be considered in SVR design.
Realtime gray-box algorithm configuration using cost-sensitive classification
Authors: Weiss Dimitri , Tierney Kevin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA solver’s runtime and the quality of the solutions it generates are strongly influenced by its parameter settings. Finding good parameter configurations is a formidable challenge, even for fixed problem instance distributions. However, when the instance distribution can change over time, a once effective configuration may no longer provide adequate performance. Realtime algorithm configuration (RAC) offers assistance in finding high-quality configurations for such distributions by automatically adjusting the configurations it recommends based on instances seen so far. Existing RAC methods treat the solver as a black box, meaning the solver is given a configuration as input, and it outputs either a solution or runtime as an objective function for the configurator. However, analyzing intermediate output from the solver can enable configurators to avoid wasting time on poorly performing configurations. We propose a gray-box approach that utilizes intermediate output during evaluation and implement it within the RAC method Contextual Preselection with Plackett-Luce (CPPL blue). We apply cost-sensitive machine learning with pairwise comparisons to determine whether ongoing evaluations can be terminated to free resources. We compare our approach to a black-box equivalent on several experimental settings and show that our approach reduces the total solving time in several scenarios and improves solution quality in an additional scenario.
Using N-BEATS ensembles to predict automated guided vehicle deviation
Authors: Karamchandani Amit , Mozo Alberto , Vakaruk Stanislav , Gómez-Canaval Sandra , Sierra-García J. Enrique , Pastor Antonio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA novel AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) control architecture has recently been proposed where the AGV is controlled remotely by a virtual Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), which is deployed on a Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) platform and connected to the AGV via a radio link in a 5G network. In this scenario, we leverage advanced deep learning techniques based on ensembles of N-BEATS (state-of-the-art in time-series forecasting) to build predictive models that can anticipate the deviation of the AGV’s trajectory even when network perturbations appear. Therefore, corrective maneuvers, such as stopping the AGV, can be performed in advance to avoid potentially harmful situations. The main contribution of this work is an innovative application of the N-BEATS architecture for AGV deviation prediction using sequence-to-sequence modeling. This novel approach allows for a flexible adaptation of the forecast horizon to the AGV operator’s current needs, without the need for model retraining or sacrificing performance. As a second contribution, we extend the N-BEATS architecture to incorporate relevant information from exogenous variables alongside endogenous variables. This joint consideration enables more accurate predictions and enhances the model’s overall performance. The proposed solution was thoroughly evaluated through realistic scenarios in a real factory environment with 5G connectivity and compared against main representatives of deep learning architectures (LSTM), machine learning techniques (Random Forest), and statistical methods (ARIMA) for time-series forecasting. We demonstrate that the deviation of AGVs can be effectively detected by using ensembles of our extended N-BEATS architecture that clearly outperform the other methods. Finally, a careful analysis of a real-time deployment of our solution was conducted, including retraining scenarios that could be triggered by the appearance of data drift problems.
CFD Uncertainty Quantification using PCE–HDMR: Exemplary Application to a Buoyancy-Driven Mixing Process
Authors: Wenig Philipp J. , Kelm Stephan , Klein Markus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor the investigation of uncertainties in high dimensional spaces of computationally expensive engineering applications, reliable Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) methods are needed. These methods should provide accurate and efficient High-Dimensional Model Representations of stochastic results using a reasonable number of calculations. Therefore, the PCE–HDMR approach (Polynomial Chaos Expansion–High-Dimensional Model Representation) is utilized to qualify appropriate UQ methods for large-scale computations in the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics. This technique is a combination of Cut-HDMR, a hierarchical decomposition modeling approach, with PCE. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the PCE–HDMR methodology in conjunction with complementary modeling techniques is applied for the UQ analysis of a buoyancy-driven mixing process between two miscible fluids within the Differentially Heated Cavity of aspect ratio 4. The results include a thorough probabilistic representation of time-dependent response quantities that comprehensively describe the mixing process. The stochastic models are derived from Large Eddy Simulations using PCE–HDMR and the Sparse Grid Method, which serves as a reference for the results from PCE–HDMR. The results show that PCE–HDMR provides accurate statistics of the modeled time-dependent stochastic processes and shows good agreement with the reference results. Thus, PCE–HDMR indicates great potential for UQ of technical-scale computations due to its efficiency and flexibility in the construction of stochastic models.
Neutral genetic diversity follows a latitudinal gradient in the endangered plant Arnica montana L.: a range-wide study
Authors: Capria Loris , Liepelt Sascha , Eimert Klaus , Leyer Ilona , Mosner Eva 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArnica montana is a clonal, self-incompatible herb of economic and intrinsic ecological value which is declining in large parts of its range. With the employment of microsatellite markers, we characterized the population structure and distribution of genetic diversity of 40 populations of A. montana sampled throughout Europe. We detected a clear geographical pattern of isolation and strong population structure, indicating limited gene flow. We also observed a negative latitudinal gradient in genetic diversity. Such patterns can be explained by paleo-historical colonization routes following the last glacial maximum, with regions characterized by higher genetic diversity corresponding to former glacial refugia. We recommend the implementation of conservation measures such as assisted gene flow in the populations characterized by low genetic diversity under consideration of the observed population structure. For the populations where high levels of genetic diversity are still retained, we recommend the maintenance of suitable habitat conditions. Our study emphasises the importance of conducting large-scale population genetic studies that consider postglacial recolonization history when planning active conservation measures such as assisted gene flow.
Fluorescence of D-Glucose-Derived Carbon Dots: Effect of Process Parameters
Authors: Piasek Anna , Pulit-Prociak Jolanta , Zielina Michał , Banach Marcin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to synthesize highly fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) from glucose using a microwave hydrothermal method. It explored the impact of glucose concentration, process time, molar ratio of KH2PO4 to glucose, and homogenization time on the resulting CDs, employing a fractional plan 3(k-1) with four independent parameters for twenty-seven synthesis. Results showed that longer process times at 200°C increased the fluorescence intensity of the CDs. The molar ratio of KH2PO4 to glucose, glucose concentration, and process time significantly influenced fluorescence. Homogenization was crucial for obtaining small particles, though an anti-aggregation agent might still be needed. UV-vis spectroscopy, spectrofluorimetry, and DLS were used to analyze the synthesized CDs. The UV-vis absorption maxima were observed around 230 nm and 282 nm, with peak shifts at different excitation wavelengths. Out of the twenty-seven samples, six CDs samples were identified to be below 10 nm and a total of twelve below 50 nm. Analyzing the results, the study concluded that the CDs possess strong fluorescence and are suitable for diverse applications. For enhanced fluorescence, longer process times at 200°C and the use of KH2PO4 were recommended, while shorter processes were preferred for obtaining smaller particles. Hierarchical clustering, the k-means method, Pareto charts, and profiles for predicted values and desirability were used to analyze the results. It was confirmed that higher fluorescence is favored by longer process time at 200°C and the use of KH2PO4. In order to obtain smaller particles, shorter processes should be used.
Transcending the national: on worlding the peripheral literatures
Authors: Pokrivčák Anton , Zelenka Miloš 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study is concerned with contemporary theoretical concepts of world literature (“literature of the world”, “worldliness of literature”, “world literary system”, “world literary republic”). Considering the results of the XXII International Congress ICLA/AICL in Macau 2019, it discusses how the concepts are reflected in the Slovenian scholar Marko Juvan´s monograph Worlding a Peripheral Literature (2019). The book analyses conditions under which small national texts (for example, Slavic) become world texts. According to Juvan, the space of world literature was historically originating in the mid-nineteenth century, in parallel with the genesis of national literatures. The decisive factors of this process included the importance of language and the significance of the country. On the one hand, Juvan’s idea of world literature admits that an acceptable consensus can be reached in the form of an epistemological and terminological basis defined by a set of concrete concepts and principles, on the other hand, the acceptance of inequality between the so-called big and small literatures as a way of thinking is a consequence of economic and mass media globalization. Overall, however, Juvan’s concept, inspired by Moretti’s theory of evolution and economic models, brings a fundamental theoretical contribution to current discussions on the forms, essence, and functions of world literature as a universal phenomenon.
Philanthropic supported innovation: trends, areas, and impact
Authors: Li Guan Cheng , He Lingyun , Fleming Lee 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhilanthropy provides substantial support for science and research—does it do the same for technology and invention? We match patenting outcomes in the United States with philanthropic organizations as listed in the Candid database and find that at least 0.2% of U.S. patenting since 1976 received philanthropic support. After matching philanthropic patents to non-philanthropic patents based on technology, time, and the number of inventors, we find that philanthropic invention is more likely to be done by smaller teams and U.S. based inventors and less likely to rely on science research and non-U.S. prior art. Renewal rates are not significantly different from non-philanthropic patents and philanthropic patents are not more likely to be in underserved areas of technology. Philanthropic supported patents receive significantly fewer future prior art citations, thus implying that philanthropy supported patents are not exceptionally valuable.
The Rhetoric of Solidarity: Nature and Measurement of Social Cohesion in the Self-representation of Civil Society Organizations
Authors: Neumann Rico , Pfetsch Barbara , Hutter Swen , Koschut Simon , Schieferdecker David , Specht Jule 
Published: August 2023

AbstractScholars have called to study how social cohesion is discursively negotiated and produced in communication behavior. However, empirical evidence remains scarce. In this study, we investigate to what extent and how civil society organizations (CSOs), part of the backbone of social integration in modern democracies, make references to social cohesion in their public self-portrayals. We develop a standardized measure for content analyzing the manifestation of social cohesion along three theoretical dimensions: social relations, connectedness, and orientation towards the common good. We apply our innovative content measure to the external communication of an original sample of nearly 800 CSOs in Germany, using their websites. Subsequently, we use data from an accompanying organizational survey of these institutions to investigate whether and how certain organizational features help explain variance in social cohesion rhetoric. Findings suggest that CSOs’ external communications employ themes from all key dimensions of social cohesion, revealing a fair amount of variation on all three subdimensions and a summary index of the overall strength social cohesion rhetoric. These different emphases are contingent upon various organizational characteristics, namely the spheres in which CSOs are primarily active, their locations, and their target groups. Whereas culturally and media-oriented organizations as well as sports clubs are largely reluctant to make references to social cohesion, politically active CSOs and those addressing socially disadvantaged communities tend to push more in this direction. The latter tend to operate in more professionalized structures, indicating that referencing social cohesion legitimizes these groups’ political and social purposes in the public sphere.