bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venous thromboembolism in metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Laderman Lauren , Sreekrishnanilayam Krishnalatha , Pandey Ramesh K. , Handorf Elizabeth , Blumenreich Aryeh , Sorice Kristen A. , Lynch Shannon M. , Cheema Khadija , Nagappan Lavanya , Sosa Iberia R. , Dotan Efrat , Vijayvergia Namrata 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer (PC) carries a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Several risk assessment models (RAMs) predict benefit of thromboprophylaxis in solid tumors; however, none are verified in metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC).MethodsA retrospective mPC cohort treated at an academic cancer center from 2010 to 2016 was investigated for VTE incidence (VTEmets). Multivariable regression analysis was used to assess multiple VTE risk factors. Overall survival (OS) was compared between mPC groups with and without VTE. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regressions.Results400 mPC patients (median age 66; 52% males) were included. 87% had performance status of ECOG 0–1; 70% had advanced stage at PC diagnosis. Incidence of VTEmets was 17.5%; median time of occurrence 3.48 months after mPC diagnosis. Survival analysis started at median VTE occurrence. Median OS was 10.5 months in VTEmets vs. 13.4 in non‐VTE group. Only advanced stage (OR 3.7, p = .001) correlated with increased VTE risk.ConclusionsThe results suggest mPC carries a significant VTE burden. VTE predicts poor outcomes from the point of median VTE occurrence. Advanced stage disease is the strongest risk factor. Future studies are needed to define risk stratification, survival benefit, and choice of thromboprophylaxis.
Adverse impact of a highCD4/CD8ratio in the allograft may be overcome by methotrexate‐ but not mycophenolate‐ or post‐transplant cyclophosphamide‐based graft versus host disease prophylaxis
Authors: Nikoloudis A. , Buxhofer‐Ausch V. , Aichinger C. , Binder M. , Hasengruber P. , Kaynak E. , Wipplinger D. , Milanov R. , Strassl I. , Stiefel O. , Machherndl‐Spandl S. , Petzer A. , Weltermann A. , Clausen J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionA high CD4/CD8 T cell ratio in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) allografts was observed to predict graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) but has not been comparatively examined in settings of various GVHD‐prophylaxis regimens.MethodsThis retrospective monocentric study included all consecutive HSCT performed with peripheral blood stem cells between January 2000 and June 2021. The impact of the graft CD4/CD8 ratio was analyzed in three cohorts with different GVHD‐prophylaxis platforms.ResultsIn the cyclosporine/mycophenolate‐mofetil (CSA/MMF) cohort (n = 294, HLA‐matched HSCT), a high (>75th percentile) CD4/CD8 ratio was associated with increased overall mortality (HR: 1.56;p = .01), increased NRM (HR: 1.85;p = .01) and GVHD‐associated mortality (HR: 2.13;p = .005). In the post‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy)/tacrolimus/MMF cohort (n = 113, haploidentical‐related or mismatched‐unrelated HSCT), a high CD4/CD8 ratio was associated with increased overall mortality (HR 2.07;p = .04) and aGVHD3‐4 (HR: 2.24;p = .02). By contrast, in the CSA/methotrexate (CSA/MTX) cohort (n = 185, HLA‐matched HSCT) the CD4/CD8 ratio had no significant impact on any of the investigated endpoints.ConclusionA high CD4/CD8 ratio in the allograft has an adverse impact on GVHD and survival in CSA/MMF‐ and PTCy‐based HSCT, while MTX‐based prophylaxis may largely alleviate this important risk factor.
Interleukin‐36 cytokines are overexpressed in the skin and sera of patients with bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Maglie Roberto , Mercurio Laura , Morelli Martina , Madonna Stefania , Salemme Adele , Baffa Maria E. , Quintarelli Lavinia , Di Zenzo Giovanni M. , Antiga Emiliano , Albanesi Cristina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease, characterized by autoantibodies targeting BP180 and BP230. The role of interleukin (IL)‐36, a potent chemoattractant for granulocytes, in BP remains elusive.The expression of IL‐36 cytokines (IL‐36α, β, γ) and their antagonists (IL‐36Ra and IL‐38) was analysed in the skin and serum samples of patients with BP (n = 31), psoriasis (n = 10) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 14) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Skin and serum levels of all cytokines were correlated with the Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Area Index (BPDAI) score and with the serum concentration of pathogenic antibodies.IL‐36α, IL‐36β, IL‐36γ and IL‐36Ra were significantly (p < 0.05) overexpressed in BP skin compared to HC, without remarkable differences relative to psoriasis skin. The expression of IL‐38 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in BP compared to psoriasis skin.IL‐36α and γ, but not β, serum concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in BP compared to HC. IL‐36γ was significantly (p < 0.05) more expressed in the serum of psoriasis patients than BP. The serum concentration of IL‐36Ra and IL‐38 were similar between BP and HC, while IL‐38 serum levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in BP compared to psoriasis patients. Serum IL‐36α correlated significantly with BPDAI (r = 0.5 p = 0.001).IL‐36 agonists are increased in BP patients, both locally and systemically. Serum IL‐36α might represent a potential biomarker for BP. An inefficient balance between IL‐36 agonists and antagonists is likely to occur during BP inflammation.
Prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with caffeine‐withdrawal headache during the first day of Ramadan
Authors: Magdy Rehab , El Desouky Eman D. , Hammad El‐Sayed Mah. , Salem Marwa Rashad , Mahfouz Noha A. , Fathy Wael , Al‐Azayem Salsabil Abo , Naguib Esraa M. , Hussein Mona 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundData regarding prevalence, characteristics, and factors associated with caffeine‐withdrawal headache are lacking. This work aimed to study the prevalence of caffeine‐withdrawal headache among caffeine consumers during Ramadan's first day and describe its characteristics and associated factors.MethodsThis analytical cross‐sectional study targeted 755 caffeine consumers eligible to fast on the first day of Ramadan. Two methodological approaches were followed: an online open survey and a face‐to‐face interview. Using an adjusted form of food frequency questionnaire, eligible participants were requested to report their intake of caffeine‐containing products during the last week of Shaaban month, the month preceding Ramadan.ResultsThe prevalence of caffeine‐withdrawal headache on the first day of Ramadan was 419 (55.5%), with 95% confidence interval (CI; 51.9–59.0%). The headache in the majority of the participants was throbbing in character (249/419, 59.4%), diffuse (146/419, 34.8%), and moderate in intensity (227/419, 54.2%). Participants who developed caffeine‐withdrawal headache had significantly higher body mass index (27.2 ± 5.1 vs. 26.3 ± 5 [mean ± standard deviation], p‐value = 0.012), daily caffeine intake, mg (316 [185.2–537.8] vs. 144.4 [60.0–312.4] [median interquartile range (IQR)], p‐value < 0.001), and caffeine intake mg/kg body weight (4.7 [2.6–7.2] vs. 1.9 [0.8–4.4] [median (IQR)], p‐value < 0.001) than participants who did not develop it. Mild, moderate, and severe caffeine use disorder were found to have adjusted associations with developing caffeine‐withdrawal headache. They increased the odds of headache by 5.3 (95% CI = 3.40–8.3), 10.2 (95% CI = 5.9–17.5), and 15.5 (95% CI = 9.0–26.8) times, respectively. The optimal cut‐off value of daily caffeine intake/Kg body weight was determined at 1.97 mg/kg with an area under the curve of 0.722 and sensitivity and specificity of 85.1% and 50.2%, respectively.ConclusionDaily caffeine intake/kg body weight and caffeine use disorder are significantly associated with a caffeine‐withdrawal headache.
Development of a modified ABC method among Helicobacter pylori infected but serum pepsinogen test‐negative individuals
Authors: Sheng Chao , Sun Liping , Lyu Zhangyan , Li Limin , Zhang Yuhao , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yacong , Dai Hongji , Huang Yubei , Song Fengju , Yuan Yuan , Chen Kexin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the ABC method for gastric cancer (GC) screening has been widely adopted in Japan, it may not be suitable for other countries due to population heterogeneity and different tumor histology. We aim to develop a modified ABC method to improve GC screening performance, especially among Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infected but serum pepsinogen (sPG) test‐negative individuals.MethodsA total of 4745 participants were recruited from Tianjin, China, and were classified into four groups by combined assay for Hp infection and sPG concentrations: Group A (Hp [−], PG [−]), Group B (Hp [+], PG [−]), Group C (Hp [+], PG [+]), and Group D (Hp [−], PG [+]). We used receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis and minimum p value method to determine the optimal cutoff point for PG II in Group B. We performed logistic regressions to examine the risk of GC across different subgroups. In addition to the derivation set, the performance of the modified ABC method was also evaluated in an external set involving 16,292 participants from Liaoning, China.ResultsIn the modified ABC method, we further classified Group B as low‐risk (Group B1) and high‐risk subgroups (Group B2) using optimal sPG II cutoff point (20.0 ng/mL) by ROC curves analysis and minimum p value method. Compared with Group B1, Group B2 had a significantly higher risk of GC (adjusted OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.94–3.33). The modified ABC method showed good discrimination for GC (AUC = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.59–0.63) and improved risk reclassification (NRI = 0.11, p < .01). Similar results were observed in the validation dataset.ConclusionsThe modified ABC method can effectively identify high‐risk population for GC among Hp‐infected but sPG test‐negative participants in China.
Assessment of the DPP‐IV inhibitory potential of mung bean and adzuki bean protein hydrolysates using enzymatic hydrolysis process: specificity of peptidases and novel peptides
Authors: Karami Zohreh , Butkinaree Chutikarn , Somsong Pimpinun , Duangmal Kiattisak 
Published: March 2023

SummaryMung bean and adzuki bean protein concentrates were hydrolysed to the same degree of hydrolysis by two peptidases: Flavourzyme and Alcalase. Peptide fractions were analysed using MALDI‐TOF MS to investigate the differences in enzyme cleavage specificity and the inhibition activity of Dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV (DPP‐IV), using bioinformatics tools. It was shown that each peptidase showed specific selectivity in cleaving the designated substrate at a specific site. Alcalase main cutting sites on mung bean and adzuki bean proteins were identified as hydrophobic amino acid residues, particularly between Leu‐X (X‐Leu) or Phe‐X (X‐Phe) while Flavourzyme cleavage occurred between peptide bonds between Gln‐X (X‐Gln) or Pro‐X (X‐Pro). The findings demonstrated that Flavourzyme had a higher capacity for generating active peptides from both mung bean and adzuki bean protein concentrates with higher levels of DPP‐IV inhibitory activity. Proteomics and bioinformatics methodologies provided the essential knowledge required to explore novel peptides with DPP‐IV inhibitor potential from mung bean and adzuki bean hydrolysates.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro antibacterial activity of depolymerised polysaccharides
Authors: Rahmawati Inas Suci , Kusumaningrum Harsi Dewantari , Yuliana Nancy Dewi , Sitanggang Azis Boing 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe relationship between molecular weight (MW) and antibacterial activity of depolymerised polysaccharides has often been inconsistent. Therefore, a meta‐analysis was performed to elucidate the effectiveness of depolymerisation methods in improving the antibacterial capabilities of polysaccharides. Chitosan was the most studied polysaccharide (65.55% of the included studies) with antibacterial activities, followed by sulfated algal polysaccharides, alginate, β‐glucan, pectin, xanthan, gum, xylan, agar, maltodextrin and miscellaneous polysaccharides extracted from various natural sources. The meta‐analysis revealed that regardless of polysaccharide type, depolymerised polysaccharides exerted superior inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli than against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, low MW (<10 kDa) anionic and non‐ionic polysaccharides were more effective than chitosan (10–100 kDa) in this regard. Though the high heterogeneity of the current meta‐analysis (I2 > 80%) limits the interpretation of results, it also implies that an understanding of polysaccharide bioactivity is currently lacking. More studies are needed to reach a reliable conclusion about the possible antibacterial activity of low‐MW polysaccharides.
Influence of amino acid profile and secondary structure on nutritional and functional properties of Trichilia emetica and Trichilia dregeana protein concentrates
Authors: Tsomele Gugu Felicity , Meiring Belinda , Anyasi Tonna Ashim , Mlambo Victor , Amonsou Eric , Lepule Sello Presley , Siwela Muthulisi , Wokadala Obiro Cuthbert 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe high prevalence of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is a major concern in Africa. This problem could be resolved through the nutritional use of locally available underutilized tree seeds such as those from Trichilia species. This study determined and compared the amino acid profile, functional properties, and secondary structure of the proteins from Trichilia emetica and Trichilia dregeana oilseeds. The results showed that the essential amino acid levels of the two Trichilia seed proteins were above the recommended Food and Agricultural Organisation standard for adults, with essential‐to‐total (E/T) amino acid ratios (T. dregeana 52.8%; T. emetica 53.4%) and chemical scores of 100% for both species, which were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of soy proteins (53.0% and 100%, respectively). The amino acid profile results indicated that Trichilia oilseeds can serve as candidates for addressing protein malnutrition in economically disadvantaged communities of sub‐Saharan Africa. The secondary structure showed that the Trichilia oilseed proteins had significantly (P < 0.05) more β‐conformations compared to soybean proteins. Further, the functional properties suggested that Trichilia oilseed proteins can be used as ingredients in food and feed formulations due to their versatile functional properties.
The first record of gravid spiny butterfly ray (Gymnura altavela) in the northern Mediterranean Sea, with description of near‐term foetuses
Authors: Gajić Andrej A. , Karalić Emina , Beširović Hajrudin , Sulikowski James 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the first record of the critically endangered gravid female spiny butterfly ray, Gymnura altavela (Linnaeus, 1758), in the northern Mediterranean and simultaneously the only record of the species in this century for the Adriatic Sea. The female (173 cm disc width and 43.25 kg total weight) was captured at c. 200 m, off Vlorë in the southern Adriatic Sea off Albania on 12 May 2022. Upon necropsy, seven near‐term foetuses (mean 328 ± 6.47 mm disc width and mean 355 ± 20.06 g in total weight) were transported for further in‐vitro incubation. These results represent the deepest capture for the species, as well as the largest litter size and largest size at birth in the Mediterranean Sea, which indicates the need for further research.
Role of miR‐124‐3p in regulatory mechanisms of Gpm6a expression in the hippocampus of chronically stressed rats
Authors: Alzuri Sofia Elisa , Rosas Nicolás Matías , Hlavacova Natasa , Jezova Daniela , Fuchsova Beata 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe neuronal membrane glycoprotein M6a (GPM6A) belongs to the family of myelin proteolipid protein and plays a role in neuronal remodeling and plasticity. Decreased expression of GPM6A mRNA is observed in the hippocampal tissue of suicide victims who suffered from depression and after chronic stress exposure in animals. The regulatory mechanisms that impact expression of GPM6A under chronic stress or in pathological conditions are not well understood. Previously, miRNAs miR‐133b, miR‐124‐3p, and miR‐9‐5p have been shown to regulate the expression of Gpm6a mRNA under normal conditions. Here, we employed the paradigm of chronic‐restraint stress in rats and using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed down‐regulation of expression of Gpm6a and the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) genes at mRNA level as well as miR‐133b, and miR‐124‐3p, but not miR‐9‐5p in the hippocampus of chronically stressed rats. Furthermore, we observed alterations in the expression of histone deacetylase (Hdac5) and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (Mef2c) mRNAs. Our data suggest that chronic stress influences Gpm6a expression by miR‐124‐mediated impact on the expression of Hdac5 and Mef2c. Upon miR‐124 over‐expression in hippocampal neurons cultured in vitro, we observed enhanced neuronal arborization as evaluated by Sholl analysis, increased Gpm6a and Mef2c expression, and decreased Hdac5 expression. Moreover, treatment of hippocampal neurons cultured in vitro with BDNF resulted in an elevation in the miR‐124‐3p expression, a decrease in the miR‐9‐5p expression but did not affect miR‐133b. This was accompanied by augmented expression of Gpm6a and Mef2c mRNAs and significantly lower levels of Hdac5 mRNA. Altogether, these results indicate that the regulatory mechanism that influence expression of Gpm6a under chronic stress involves miR‐124‐mediated impact on the expression of Hdac5 and Mef2c and a role of BDNF in the activation of Gpm6a expression.image
Effectiveness of virtual reality interventions on physiological and psychological outcomes of adults with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Turan Kavradim Selma , Yangöz Şefika T. , Özer Zeynep 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to provide evidence of the effectiveness of virtual reality interventions on the physiological and psychological outcomes of adults with cardiovascular disease.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsDatabase searches were carried out in CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Ovid without restriction of year up to December 2021. The study was carried out in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and Cochrane 2021 recommendations. The intervention effects were pooled using the random effects model. The Risk of Bias 2 tool was' used to assess the risk of bias. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed.FindingsIn total, 14 trials were included. The included studies found a significantly higher effect on anxiety (Hedge'sg = −0.85, 95% CI: −1.55 to −0.14,p = 0.01) and a medium effect on physical functional capacity (Hedge'sg = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.01 to 1.08,p = 0.05), stress (Hedge'sg = −0.36, 95% CI: −0.60 to −0.11,p = 0.01), and depression (Hedge'sg = −0.39, 95% CI: −0.68 to −0.11,p = 0.01) compared to the control group. The Cochrane GRADE approach showed low level evidence for the effect of virtual reality on anxiety and moderate level evidence for stress, depression, and physical functional capacity.ConclusionsThe effect size and grade evaluation results showed that virtual reality may be an effective intervention to reduce anxiety, stress, and depression and to increase physical functional capacity in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, more study is necessary in order to establish evidence.RegistrationRegistered in the PROSPERO database: PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews Registration number: CRD42022296578.
Area four technique: An effective injection approach to the posterior facial frame aesthetic treatment with injectable hyaluronic acid fillers
Authors: Chen Xi , Xu Yipin , Xiao Zhigang , Liu Guangpeng , Li Mei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDefined as a contour line from the hairline, the zygomatic arch, to the ramus and gonial angle area of the mandible, posterior facial frame (PFF) is an important aesthetic units of the face. With the development of hyaluronic acid fillers and the improvement of injection techniques, minimally invasive injection has become one of the first options to improve PFF. However, effective and systematic injection methods to improve PFF are rarely reported in the literature.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 200 patients treated with area four technique for PFF. According to the clinical manifestations, PFF was divided into four types, and the injection strategies of the different types were described. GAIS (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale) at 1 month and 3 months by patients after treatment was evaluated as primary end point. Nine‐item aesthetic assessment scores reviewed by two independent observers with experience were performed.ResultsGAIS showed that patients' profile was remarkably improved for 90% of total number of subjects. Before and 3 months after treatment, the assessed scores of the lateral cheek lifting (3.17 ± 0.21 vs. 2.56 ± 0.31) and PFF (3.78 ± 0.56 vs. 2.19 ± 0.48) were statistically significant reduced (p < 0.01). The jawline contouring scale (2.32 ± 0.45 vs. 1.23 ± 0.31) and the lateral cheek fullness scale (3.01 ± 0.23 vs. 2.09 ± 0.17) showed a statistically moderate decrease (p < 0.05).ConclusionArea four technique provides a safe and convenient method for classifying and treating patients with insufficent PFF, which makes up for the multisite systematic injection of the face.
Nuclear effectors of plant pathogens: Distinct strategies to be one step ahead
Authors: Harris William , Kim Seongbeom , Vӧlz Ronny , Lee Yong‐Hwan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNuclear effector proteins released by bacteria, oomycete, nematode, and fungi burden the global environment and crop yield. Microbial effectors are key weapons in the evolutionary arms race between plants and pathogens, vital in determining the success of pathogenic colonization. Secreted effectors undermine a multitude of host cellular processes depending on their target destination. Effectors are classified by their localization as either extracellular (apoplastic) or intracellular. Intracellular effectors can be further subclassified by their compartment such as the nucleus, cytoplasm or chloroplast. Nuclear effectors bring into question the role of the plant nucleus' intrinsic defence strategies and their vulnerability to effector‐based manipulation. Nuclear effectors interfere with multiple nuclear processes including the epigenetic regulation of the host chromatin, the impairment of the trans‐kingdom antifungal RNAi machinery, and diverse classes of immunity‐associated host proteins. These effector‐targeted pathways are widely conserved among different hosts and regulate a broad array of plant cellular processes. Thus, these nuclear sites constitute meaningful targets for effectors to subvert the plant defence system and acquire resources for pathogenic propagation. This review provides an extensive and comparative compilation of diverse plant microbe nuclear effector libraries, thereby highlighting the distinct and conserved mechanisms these effectors employ to modulate plant cellular processes for the pathogen's profit.