bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Calcium Carbonate Loaded Mesoporous SBA-15 Nanocomposites for Removal of Phosphate from Solution
Authors: Tang Yaoyu , Wang Hao , Sun Wu , Li Dapeng , Wu Zhengying , Feng Yifei , Xu Nan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Removal of phosphate from water is very crucial for protecting the ecological environment since massive phosphorus fertilizers has been widely used and caused serious water deterioration. Thus, we fabricated a series of calcium carbonate loaded mesoporous SBA-15 nanocomposites with different Ca:Si molar ratio (CaAS-x) as phosphorus adsorbents via a simple wet-impregnation method. The multiply approach including XRD, N2 physisorption, TG-MS and FT-IR were used to characterize the structure, morphology and composition of mesoporous CaAS-x nanocomposites. The phosphate adsorption efficiency of the CaAS-x nanocomposites was studied through adsorption and desorption batch tests. Results showed that the increases of Ca:Si molar ratio (rCa:Si) favored the phosphate removal efficiency of CaAS nanocomposites, especially CaAS with the optimum molar ratio of Ca:Si as 0.55 showed the high adsorption capacity of 92.0 mg·g-1 to high concentration of phosphate (> 200 mg l-1). Note that the adsorption capacity of the CaAS-x exponentially fast grew up with increasing the phosphate concentration. Apparently, mesoporous structure of SBA-15 contributed to high disperse of CaCO3 nanoparticles leading to the multiplayer formation and fast growth of phosphate calcium precipitation. Therefore, mesoporous CaAS-0.55 nanocomposite is an environmental-friendly adsorbent for effective removal of high concentration of phosphate in neutral contaminated wastewater.
The uncertainty of infectious disease outbreaks is underestimated
Authors: Penn Matthew , Laydon Daniel , penn Joseph , Whittaker Charles , Morgenstern Christian , Ratmann Oliver , Mishra Swapnil , Pakkanen Mikko , Donnelly Christl , Bhatt Samir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Uncertainty can be classified as either aleatoric (intrinsic randomness) or epistemic (imperfect knowledge of parameters). The majority of frameworks assessing infectious disease risk consider only epistemic uncertainty. We only ever observe a single epidemic, and therefore cannot empirically determine aleatoric uncertainty. Here, for the first time, we characterise both epistemic and aleatoric uncertainty using a time-varying general branching processes. Our framework explicitly decomposes aleatoric variance into mechanistic components, quantifying the contribution to uncertainty produced by each factor in the epidemic process, and how these contributions vary over time. The aleatoric variance of an outbreak is itself a renewal equation where past variance affects future variance. Perhaps surprisingly, superspreading is not necessary for substantial uncertainty, and profound variation in outbreak size can occur even without overdispersion in the offspring distribution (i.e. the distribution of the number of secondary infections an infected person produces). Crucially, aleatoric forecasting uncertainty grows dynamically and rapidly, and so forecasting using only epistemic uncertainty is a significant underestimate. Therefore, failure to account for aleatoric uncertainty will ensure that policymakers are misled about the substantially higher true extent of potential risk. We demonstrate our method, and the extent to which potential risk is underestimated, using two historical examples: firstly the 2003 Hong Kong severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, and secondly the early 2020 UK COVID-19 epidemic. Our framework provides analytical tools to estimate epidemic uncertainty with limited data, to provide reasonable worst-case scenarios and assess both epistemic and aleatoric uncertainty in forecasting, and to retrospectively assess an epidemic and thereby provide a baseline risk estimate for future outbreaks. Our work strongly supports the precautionary principle in pandemic response.
Comparison of effectiveness of Foley catheter versus vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening in induction of labour in Gedeo zone public hospitals, Ethiopia, 2022. Quasi-experimental design
Authors: Temesgen Tesfaye , Figa Zerihun , Gido Rediet , Ahmed Abbas , Getachew Dawit , Andargie Melkam , Bedecha Fikru , Sefa Ahmedin , Abebe Mesfin , Alemu Asrat , Solomon Fitsum 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Induction of labor is defined as iatrogenic stimulation of uterine contractions to cause the delivery of fetus before the onset of spontaneous labour. An unfavorable cervix is a critical factor the obstetrician must overcome to improve the efficacy of induction of labor. At present, both medical and mechanical methods have been applied for cervical ripening in women with an unfavorable cervix. In developing countries like Ethiopia, conventionally cheap and feasible method used for preinduction cervical ripening is transcervical Foley’s catheter and misoprostol become practically important. So this study is designed to investigate the effectiveness of the most commonly ripening techniques (Foley catheter and vaginal misoprostol) in Gedeo zone.
Method
This is a quasi-experimental study to compare the effectiveness of Foley catheter and vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening for labor induction. It was conducted in 120 pregnant mothers coming for induction who fulfil the inclusion criteria. Sixty mothers were assigned to the Foley catheter (group 1) and the remaining 60 mothers were grouped to misoprostol (group 2). Data was collected consecutively with a structured tool for both groups by trained data collector. Data analysis was done using the SPSS version 25. Chi-square analysis was used for comparing proportions of categorical variables while the student’s independent ’t’ test was used for comparing means of continuous variables where applicable. To calculate the time intervals, log rank test life table was used. P- Value was calculated to declare level of statistical significance at P < 0.05.
Result
the 41(68.3%) participants of folley catheter group and the 49(81.7%) of misoprostol group had favourable cervix within the 24 hrs. The mean time interval from the starting of ripening to favourable cervix was found shorter in the misoprostol group (10.27 ± 2.506) than the Foley catheter group (11.78 ± 2.151). In the induction of labor incidence of meconium was more in the misoprostol group than the Foley catheter group. The successful outcome of the induction was 33(80.5%) in Foley catheter group and (35(71.4%) misoprostol group. The mean time interval between starting of induction to delivery was almost the same between the two groups (7.56 + 2.97) and (6.96 + 2.226) respectively.
Measuring consumer demand for tires made without 6PPD
Authors: Cook Joseph , Sugiarto Wisnu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The tire byproduct 6PPD-quinone is lethal to several salmonid species when it is washed off roads into waterways. We study private consumer demand for a hypothetical, reformulated “Salmon Safe” tire with an online survey of n=695 vehicle owners in California, Oregon, and Washington. Using a pre-registered study design, we also test whether consumers comprehend information differently when the science component of the survey is presented as narrated video or static text and images, and whether forcing consumers to deliberate for 45 – 60 seconds affects their decision and choice certainty. We find that the median respondent would be willing to pay approximately 10% more, or $76, for a set of four reformulated tires, though approximately 25% of subjects were willing to pay $225 or more. Information presentation and forced deliberation had no effect on willingness to pay for reformulated tires or comprehension, but weak (and negative) effects on choice certainty.
Valorization of chicken viscera as natural raw material source: Application to hydrolysis of fatty esters for sewage treatment.
Authors: NEDJMA MELAIS , ARIBI-ZOUIOUECHE Louisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

"Chicken viscera" constitute very abundant domestic wastes interestingly investigated in the present paper. The efficiency of this crude slaughter co-product of high protein component, as biocatalyst, for the hydrolysis of fatty acid esters was reported and that, without any pre-treatment. The crude Chicken Intestines Powder (CIP) has shown a high reactivity for the hydrolysis of fatty esters. Two biocatalyst preparations were independently explored for the bioresolution of sec-phenyl alkyl carbinol esters: the CIP preparation and the crude Chicken Intestines Acetone Powder CIAP ​​preparation. The last one has shown good catalytic activity during the bio-hydrolysis in biphasic medium. Furthermore, the direct hydrolysis of milk fat using CIAP (500 mg) reveals the elimination of fats present in 50 ml of treated milk. These results open up very interesting prospects for the use of this biowaste for the treatment of milk fat.
The major TMEM106B dementia risk allele affects TMEM106B protein levels and myelin lipid homeostasis in the ageing human hippocampus
Authors: Lee Jun Yup , Harney Dylan , Kwok John , Larance Mark , Don Anthony Simon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The risk for dementia increases exponentially from the seventh decade of life. Identifying and understanding the biochemical changes that sensitize the ageing brain to neurodegeneration will provide new opportunities for dementia prevention and treatment. This study aimed to determine how ageing and major genetic risk factors for dementia affect the hippocampal proteome and lipidome of neurologically-normal humans over the age of 65. The hippocampus was chosen as it is highly susceptible to atrophy with ageing and in several neurodegenerative diseases.
Methods
Mass spectrometry-based proteomic and lipidomic analysis of CA1 hippocampus samples from 74 neurologically normal human donors, aged 66–104, was used in combination with multiple regression models and gene set enrichment analysis to identify age-dependent changes in the proteome and lipidome. ANOVA was used to test the effect of major dementia risk alleles in the TMEM106B and APOE genes on the hippocampal proteome and lipidome, adjusting for age, gender, and post-mortem interval.
Results
Forty proteins were associated with age at false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05, including proteins that regulate cell adhesion, the cytoskeleton, amino acid and lipid metabolism, and ribosomal subunits. Transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B), a regulator of lysosomal and oligodendrocyte function, was regulated with greatest effect size. The increase in TMEM106B levels with age was specific to carriers of the rs1990622-A allele in the TMEM106B gene that is associated with increased risk for frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and hippocampal sclerosis with ageing. Hippocampal lipids were not significantly affected by APOE genotype, however levels of myelin-enriched sulfatides and hexosylceramides were significantly lower, and polyunsaturated phospholipids were higher, in rs1990622-A carriers after controlling for APOE genotype.
Conclusions
Our study provides the first evidence that TMEM106B protein abundance is increased with brain ageing in humans, and the first evidence that the major TMEM106B dementia risk allele affects brain lipid homeostasis, with a clear effect on myelin lipid content. Our data implies that TMEM106B is one of a growing list of major dementia risk genes that affect glial lipid metabolism.
A qualitative assessment of cleaning and hand hygiene practices at shelters serving people experiencing homelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic, Atlanta, GA – May-June, 2020.
Authors: Besrat Bethlehem , Mosites Emily , Montgomery Martha , Garcia-Williams Amanda , Trautner Emily , Clark Kristie , Marshall Brittany , Vassell Cathryn , Rutt Candace , Jones Shantrice 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Cleaning practices and hand hygiene are important behaviors to prevent and control the spread of infectious disease, especially in congregate settings. This project explored hygiene- and cleaning-related experiences in shelters serving people experiencing homelessness (PEH) during May–June 2020 of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: We conducted qualitative, in-depth interviews by phone with 22 staff from six shelters in Atlanta, Georgia. The interview guide included questions about cleaning routines, cleaning barriers and facilitators, cleaning promotion, hand hygiene promotion, and hand hygiene barriers and facilitators. We analyzed interview transcripts using thematic analysis.
Results: Multiple individuals, such as shelter individuals (clients), volunteers, and staff, played a role in shelter cleaning. Staff reported engaging in frequent hand hygiene and cleaning practices. Barriers to cleaning included staffing shortages and access to cleaning supplies. Staff reported barriers (e.g., differing perceptions of cleanliness) for clients who were often involved in cleaning activities. Barriers to hand hygiene included limited time to wash hands, forgetting, and inconvenient handwashing facilities. Specific guidance about when and how to clean, and what supplies to use, were requested.
Conclusion: During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, shelters serving PEH in the Atlanta-metro area needed resources and support to ensure sufficient staffing and supplies for cleaning activities. As part of future pandemic planning and outbreak prevention efforts, shelters serving PEH could benefit from specific guidance and training materials on cleaning and hand hygiene practices.
Managing ammonia emission for multi-benefits in China
Authors: Wang Chen , Liu Zehui , Zhang Xiuming , Zhang Lin , Zhou Feng , Ti Chaopu , Adalibieke Wulahati , Peng Lingyun , Zhan Xiaoying , Reis Stefan , Liu Hongbin , Zhu Zhiping , Dong Hongmin , Xu Jianming , Gu Baojing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) has multiple impacts on the environment, climate change and human health. China is the largest emitter of NH3 globally, with the dynamic inventory of NH3 emission remaining uncertain. Here, we use the high-resolution secondary national pollution survey, integrated satellite data, 15N isotope source apportionment and multiple models to better understand those key features of NH3 emissions and its impacts in China. Our results show that the total NH3 emissions were estimated to be 12.3 Tg yr-1 in 2017 with three emission peaks in April, June and October. NH3 emissions have contributed approximately 23% to secondary PM2.5 formation, a 19.7% increase in nitrogen loading of surface waters, while ammonium deposition led to a decrease in soil pH by 0.0035 units and an increase in the terrestrial carbon sink by 83.4 Tg C yr-1. Reducing NH3 emissions in China would contribute to the mitigation of air and water pollution challenges, saving damage costs estimated at around 22 billion US dollars due to avoided human and ecosystem health impacts.
Short and long-read whole genome sequencing explains most undiagnosed Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Mallawaarachchi Amali , Hort Yvonne , Sullivan Patricia , Wedd Laura , Fowles Lindsay , Stevanonvski Igor , Deveson Ira , Simons Cas , Mallett Andrew , Patel Chirag , Furlong Timothy , Cowley Mark , Shine John 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most common monogenic cause of kidney failure and primarily associated with PKD1 or PKD2. Approximately 10% of patients remain undiagnosed after standard genetic testing. We aimed to utilise short and long read genome sequencing and RNA studies to investigate undiagnosed families. Patients with typical ADPKD phenotype and undiagnosed after genetic diagnostics were recruited. Probands underwent short-read genome sequencing, PKD1 and PKD2 coding and non-coding analyses and then genome-wide analysis. Targeted RNA studies investigated variants suspected to impact splicing. Those undiagnosed then underwent Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read genome sequencing. From over 172 probands, 9 met inclusion criteria and consented. A genetic diagnosis was made in 8 of 9 (89%) families undiagnosed on prior genetic testing. Six had variants impacting splicing, five in non-coding regions of PKD1. Short-read genome sequencing identified novel branchpoint, AG-exclusion zone and missense variants generating cryptic splice sites and a deletion causing critical intron shortening. Long-read sequencing confirmed the diagnosis in one family. Most undiagnosed families with typical ADPKD have splice-impacting variants in PKD1. We describe a pragmatic method for diagnostic laboratories to assess PKD1 and PKD2 non-coding regions and validate suspected splicing variants through targeted RNA studies.
Acrodermatitis enteropathica during parenteral nutrition: a pediatric case report
Authors: Proli Francesco , Margiotta Gaia , Ferretti Serena , Drosi Alessandra , Valentini Piero , Buonsenso Danilo , Onesimo Roberta , Giorgio Valentina , Guerriero Cristina , Zampino Giuseppe , Lazzareschi Ilaria 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Acrodermatitis enteropathica is a rare disorder characterized by the triad composed by dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhoea. Its acquired form can be caused by inadequate zinc intake, malabsorptive processes, excessive renal or intestinal loss. A rare cause of acquired zinc deficiency is iatrogenic nutritional deficiency due to parenteral nutrition.
The diagnosis can be really difficult because the early clinical signs are non-specific and patient’s eventual comorbidities can often mask symptoms.
Case presentation: A 5-years-old child affected by several comorbidities, consequent to C. Koserimeningo-encephalitis occurred in the neonatal period, was admitted to Pediatric ward for acute pancreatitis and he had been fed via total parenteral nutrition for one month. Symptoms started approximately 15 days after the start of a standardised standardized parenteral nutrition mixture. The child presented with diarrhoea, alopecia and erythematous bullous skin lesions, distributed predominantly in acral and periorificial sites and not responsive to topical treatments. Zinc serum dosage were very low (10 µg/dL, with normal values 68-107 µg/dL). Clinical improvement was very fast after oral zinc supplementation (5mg/daily), with a rapid regularisation in the intestinal habits and re‐epithelialization of the skin lesions.
Conclusion: Trace elements are an essential component of parenteral nutrition. The supplementation of trace elements is a complex and important part of the parenteral nutrition prescription. Even few days of zinc shortage, especially in frail patients, may cause a severe dermatitis that can be easily prevented. Despite its rarity, acrodermatitis enteropathica should be strongly considered in the differential diagnosis of skin lesions for these patients.
Successful use of ECMO for life-threatening macrophage activation syndrome after treatment with tocilizumab in a sJIA patient
Authors: Yang Xi , Chen Yingfu , Dai Rongxing , An Yunfei , Yan Xin , Zhao Xiaodong , Tang Xuemei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a rare, potentially life-threatening condition in rheumatic diseases. The main treatment includes high-dose corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs, although cytokine inhibitors like anakinra or tocilizumab (TCZ) have been reported more recently. We report one case in a child with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). He became progressively hypoxic and was transferred to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) after treatment with TCZ for 4 days. An immediate postintubation chest X-ray showed a diffuse exudative lesion. Despite efforts to continue mechanical ventilation and respiratory support, the patient continued to desaturate. Moreover, he subsequently developed haemodynamic compromise and was started on norepinephrine, ultimately requiring the addition of vasopressin and dopamine to maintain stable haemodynamics. After an intense but ineffective treatment, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was started after 16 h in the PICU. The patient was successfully weaned from ECMO support after 60 h. After discharge from the PICU, considering the severe refractory clinical features, we tried TCZ again. The patient developed anaphylaxis with palpitations and chest stuffiness after half an hour of TCZ infusion, and TCZ was stopped. As a type of biological agent, TCZ is commonly used in the treatment of sJIA. However, the development of MAS and anaphylaxis after the administration of TCZ for sJIA may be more common than previously thought. Paediatric rheumatologists need to be more careful when initiating TCZ for active sJIA. Moreover, we also want to emphasize the need for lifesaving techniques such as ECMO for sJIA patients in emergency situation.
An Improved Cobweb Grey Target Decision-Making Model for Multiple Kansei Images Based on Variable Weight Theory
Authors: Zhang Shutao , Wang Shijie , Su Jianning , Yang Zhiqiang , Liu Shifeng , Zhou Aimin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The use of constant weights reduces the accuracy of cognitive evaluation results, and the current design decision-making methods ignore the relationships between Kansei images. To solve these problems, an improved cobweb grey target decision-making method for multiple Kansei images based on variable weight theory is proposed. We take a hand-held electric drill as an example for exploration. First, according to the initial weight relationships of Kansei images, variable weight theory is used to identify the Kansei image variable weights of samples, and the variable weight comprehensive evaluation results for each sample are obtained. Then, based on the correlation and angle of the Kansei images, a cobweb diagram is drawn to represent the Kansei image relationship of each sample. Combined with the cobweb grey target decision-making model for multiple Kansei images, an improved cobweb grey target decision-making method for multiple Kansei images is constructed. The decision coefficients of 10 samples are obtained as 0.0567, 0, 0.0205, 0.0478, 0.0155, 0.0272, 0.0292, 0.0402, 0.0155 and 0.0470. Through the comparison and ranking of the decision coefficients, sample 2 is determined to be the relatively optimal design reference sample. Finally, the constructed model is compared with the cobweb grey target decision-making model for multiple Kansei images and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The difference coefficients of the three methods are obtained, namely, 0.5627, 0.4957 and 0.3613. The results show that the difference coefficient of the proposed method is the largest, and it can reflect the decision-making thinking of designers and improve the discrimination among the decision-making results to a certain extent.