bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Hollow-Fiber Membrane Surface Area on Oxygenator Performance: Dideco D903 Avant Versus a Prototype with Larger Surface Area
Authors: Mueller Xavier M. , Tevaearai Hendrick T. , Jegger David , Boone Yves , Augstburger Monique , von Segesser Ludwig K. 
Published: August 2023

This study compares the gas transfer capacity, the blood trauma, and the blood path resistance of the hollow-fiber membrane oxygenator Dideco D 903 with a surface area of 1.7 m2 (oxygenator 1.7) versus a prototype built on the same principles but with a surface area of 2 m2 (oxygenator 2).
Six calves (mean body weight: 68.2 ± 3.2 kg) were connected to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by jugular venous and carotid arterial cannulation, with a mean flow rate of 4l/min for 6 h. They were randomly assigned to oxygenator 1.7 (N = 3) or 2 (N = 3). After 7 days, the animals were sacrificed. A standard battery of blood samples was taken before the bypass, throughout the bypass, and 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days after the bypass.
The oxygenator 2 group showed significantly better total oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer values throughout the perfusion (p < .001 for both comparison). Hemolytic parameters (lactate dehydrogenase and free plasma hemoglobin) exhibited a slight but significant increase after 5 h of bypass in the oxygenator 1.7 group. The pressure drop through the oxygenator was low in both groups (range, 43–74 mmHg).
With this type of hollow-fiber membrane oxygenator, an increased surface of gas exchange from 1.7m2 to 2 m2 improves gas transfer, with a limited impact on blood trauma and no increase of blood path resistance.
HeartSaver VAD: A Totally Implantable Ventricular Assist Device. Results of In Vivo Studies
Authors: Mussivand Tofy , Henry Paul J. , Masters Roy G. , Keon Wilbert J. 
Published: August 2023

Currently, the most widely utilized ventricular assist devices (VADs) require percutaneous connections and are located either externally (e.g., Thoratec, Abiomed) or intra-abdominally (e.g., Novacor, TCI). These attributes have been implicated in a variety of complications (infection, thromboembolic, gastrointestinal, etc.). To address these concerns, a totally implantable VAD that requires no percutaneous connections and can be implanted in the left hemi-thorax has been developed.
The developed device has undergone in vivo evaluation as part of the design and development process. A total of 43 implants in the bovine model, with 5 device versions, have been conducted between July 1992 and February 2000. These studies successfully have demonstrated several important aspects of the developed device, including 1) feasibility of a totally implantable system; 2) capability of the device to support a dysfunctional heart; and 3) ability of the device to provide flows up to 10 L/min in a physiological setting.
The studies to date have played a vital role in the design and development process as well as demonstrating the feasibility of a totally implantable intrathoracic VAD. Based on these studies, design optimization was conducted, resulting in the development of the pre-clinical version of the device in preparation for clinical trials.
Einsatz von spezifischen Antidots bei DOAK-assoziierter schwerer gastrointestinaler Blutung – ein Expertenkonsensus
Authors: Fuhrmann Valentin , Koscielny Jürgen , Vasilakis Thomas , Andus Tilo , Herber Adam , Fusco Stefano , Roeb Elke , Schiefke Ingolf , Rosendahl Jonas , Dollinger Matthias , Caca Karel , Tacke Frank 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungGastrointestinale (GI) Blutungen gehören zu den häufigsten Komplikationen beim Einsatz direkt wirkender oraler Antikoagulanzien (DOAK). Für die Maßnahmen bei (vermuteter) GI-Blutung existieren klare (Notfall-)Algorithmen, bei denen im präendoskopischen Management die anamnestische Erfragung einer medikamentösen Antikoagulation und einfache Gerinnungstests erfolgen sollen. Zur Gerinnungsoptimierung werden beispielsweise Thrombozyten-Konzentrate, Frischplasma (FFP) oder Prothrombinkomplex-Präparate (PPSB) eingesetzt. Für schwere Blutungen unter dem Thrombin-Inhibitor Dabigatran steht Idarucizumab, für Blutungen unter den Faktor Xa-Inhibitoren Rivaroxaban oder Apixaban steht Andexanet alfa als spezifisches Antidot zur DOAK-Antagonisierung zur Verfügung. Diese Antidote stellen Notfallpräparate dar, die typischerweise erst nach Durchführung leitlinienkonformer multimodaler Maßnahmen einschließlich Notfallendoskopie eingesetzt werden. Eine Antagonisierung oraler Antikoagulanzien sollte bei schwerer gastrointestinaler Blutung in folgenden Situationen erfolgen: (1) refraktärer hämorrhagischer Schock, (2) endoskopisch unstillbare Blutungen, oder (3) nicht vermeidbare Verzögerungen bis zur Notfallendoskopie bei lebensbedrohlicher Blutung. Nach erfolgreicher (endoskopischer) Blutstillung sollte die Antikoagulation (z.B. DOAK, Vitamin-K-Antagonist, Heparin) unter Berücksichtigung des individuellen Blutungsrisikos und des Thromboembolierisikos wieder zeitnah (d.h. in der Regel innerhalb einer Woche) fortgeführt werden.
Machine learning classification can significantly reduce the cost of calculating the Hamiltonian matrix in CI calculations
Authors: Qu Chen , Houston Paul L. , Yu Qi , Conte Riccardo , Pandey Priyanka , Nandi Apurba , Bowman Joel M. 
Published: August 2023

Hamiltonian matrices in electronic and nuclear contexts are highly computation intensive to calculate, mainly due to the cost for the potential matrix. Typically, these matrices contain many off-diagonal elements that are orders of magnitude smaller than diagonal elements. We illustrate that here for vibrational H-matrices of H2O, C2H3 (vinyl), and C2H5NO2 (glycine) using full-dimensional ab initio-based potential surfaces. We then show that many of these small elements can be replaced by zero with small errors of the resulting full set of eigenvalues, depending on the threshold value for this replacement. As a result of this empirical evidence, we investigate three machine learning approaches to predict the zero elements. This is shown to be successful for these H-matrices after training on a small set of calculated elements. For H-matrices of vinyl and glycine, of order 15 552 and 8828, respectively, training on a percent or so of elements is sufficient to obtain all eigenvalues with a mean absolute error of roughly 2 cm−1.
Effect of initial generating eddy height on formation and flame geometry of fire whirl
Authors: Ji Congcong , Liu Naian , Lei Jiao , Zhang Linhe , Xie Xiaodong , Zhang Yang 
Published: August 2023

Background Fire whirl is an extreme fire behaviour in wildland fires, and an essential factor for its formation is the surrounding generating eddy. No systematic experimental study has been conducted on natural fire whirls with varying heights of the initial generating eddy. Aims The aim of this research was to provide a comprehensive experimental study on the effect of initial generating eddy height on fire whirl formation and flame characteristics. Methods The experiments were conducted in a fixed-frame facility with varying channel wall height (representing the initial generating eddy height). A 20-cm-diameter propane burner (10.0–100.0 kW in heat release rate) was used. Key results The critical channel wall height for fire whirl formation decreases with the heat release rate. The mean flame height grows remarkably with initial generating eddy height for large heat release rates, but it varies only slightly at relatively small heat release rates. Conclusions The formation of fire whirl depends on the initial generating eddy height, rotational strength, and heat release rate. A flame height correlation of the fire whirl is obtained by considering the initial generating eddy height. Implications This work provides a basis for improving the prediction accuracy of natural fire whirls in wildland fires.
Existence of sign-changing radial solutions with prescribed numbers of zeros for elliptic equations with the critical exponential growth in ℝ²
Authors: Chen Lu , Xue Ying , Zhu Maochun 
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we are concerned with the existence of sign-changing radial solutions with any prescribed numbers of zeros to the following Schrodinger equation with the critical exponential growth:

{

−
Δ
u
+
u
=
λ
u

e

u
2

in

R

2

,

lim

|

x

|

→
∞

u
(
x
)
=
0
,

\begin{equation*} \begin {cases} -\Delta u +u=\lambda ue^{u^2} \quad \quad \text {in } \quad \mathbb {R}^2,\\ \displaystyle \lim _{|x|\to \infty }u(x)=0, \end{cases} \end{equation*}

where

0
>
λ
>
1

0>\lambda >1

. Our proof relies on the shooting method, the Sturm’s comparison theorem and a Liouville type theorem in exterior domain of

R

2

\mathbb {R}^2

. It seems to be the first existence result of sign-changing solution for Schrodinger equation with the critical exponential growth.
The Curious Case of Tommy (Woodrow) Wilson
Authors: Halliwell Martin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This essay review explores the representation of the twenty-eighth president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, in a curious project involving Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud and US diplomat William C. Bullitt that began soon after Wilson’s death in 1924. The article focuses on political scientist Patrick Weil’s investigative account of this collaborative project in his 2023 book The Madman in the White House and interrogates the ways in which Freud and Bullitt’s psychoanalytic approach to Wilson unearths deep tensions between public and private lives. These tensions reveal themselves both in the subject of their psychobiography—Woodrow Wilson the statesman contrasts with the more neurotic private persona Tommy Wilson—and in the motivations and misgivings expressed by Bullitt and Freud in their unique yet controversial collaboration.Weil’s initial and closing focus is a collaborative account of Wilson drafted by Sigmund Freud and the US diplomat William C. Bullitt in the late 1920s and early 1930s during a phase when Bullitt was being analyzed by Freud in Paris
Integrative taxonomy supports the recognition of four taxa in the Notholaena trichomanoides complex (Pteridaceae) in Cuba
Authors: Regalado Ledis , Hernández Arturo , Serguera Maité , Gómez-Hechavarría José Luis , Beck Andreas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With nearly 40 species, the fern genus Notholaena has its evolutionary centre in the deserts of Mexico and the southwestern United States. Previous studies have focused on assessing the monophyly of the genus and the patterns of farina evolution, but little attention has been given to species complexes. Notholaena trichomanoides s.l. is endemic to the Greater Antilles, growing on all four islands. Although at least two varieties have been described, many authors have hesitated to recognize them and have treated this complex as only one taxon. A multivariate morphometric analysis including 80 representatives of N. trichomanoides from the Greater Antilles allowed us to recognize four morphological groups. Twenty individuals from seven populations representing all these morphological groups were sampled in Cuba. Differences among the four lineages were supported by molecular phylogenetics (including three plastid and two nuclear markers), molecular species delimitation, morphology and geological preferences. Ploidy levels inferred using spore sizes calibrated by chromosome counts revealed the existence of diploid and tetraploid lineages within the complex. Time-calibrated trees suggest that the divergence of the common ancestral populations of N. trichomanoides s.l. and those of its sister taxon N. ekmanii occurred between the Middle Miocene and the Miocene–Pliocene boundary followed by a recent diversification within the complex, ranging between the Middle Pliocene and the Middle Pleistocene.
Comparative floral anatomy in species of Cyperoideae (Poales: Cyperaceae) and insights into the evolution of floral traits
Authors: Silva Lucimara Reis de Oliveira , Trevisan Rafael , Oriani Aline 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Species of Cyperoideae exhibit wide morphological variation in their flowers due to reduction processes. Their flowers can be bisexual or unisexual, achlamydeous or not, with tepals and stamens varying from one to six and a trimerous or dimerous gynoecium, the latter dorsiventrally or laterally flattened. We studied the floral anatomy and vasculature of Fuirena robusta, Cyperus sesquiflorus, Rhynchospora panicoides, and Schoenoplectus californicus to understand the reduction processes that resulted in different floral morphologies. The floral development of C. sesquiflorus was also analysed. All these species have spikelets with bisexual flowers, but they vary in relation to the perianth, androecium, and gynoecium. Our results show the loss of the outer abaxial tepal in R. panicoides, the total loss of the outer whorl of tepals in F. robusta, and the loss of abaxial tepals (outer and inner) in S. californicus. The tepals are vascularized in F. robusta and R. panicoides and non-vascularized in S. californicus. In C. sesquiflorus, the perianth is absent. Phenolic compounds present in the epidermal cells of the receptacle mark the boundaries between tepals and stamens, before the individualization of these parts. The three stamens present in F. robusta and R. panicoides correspond to the outer whorl. In S. californicus, there is a loss of the adaxial stamens (outer and inner), whereas in C. sesquiflorus the outer stamen whorl and the inner adaxial stamen are lost. The laterally flattened dimerous gynoecium in C. sesquiflorus may be the result of the pressure exerted by the distichously arranged glumes. The most distal flower of the spikelet in this species is staminate by abortion of the gynoecium. The morphological diversity observed in the flowers of Cyperoideae is the result of distinct reduction processes that probably occurred independently in the different clades of the subfamily during the evolution of Cyperaceae.
An effective patient-supporting intervention for topical treatment of psoriasis is also cost-effective
Authors: Svendsen Mathias Tiedemann , Andersen Klaus Ejner , Feldman Steven R , Mejldal Anna , Möller Sören , Kongstad Line Planck 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) of topical treatment combined with regular patient support provided by dermatological nurses in structured consultations of 20-min duration every fourth week improved psoriasis severity, quality of life and treatment adherence compared with topical treatment combined with standard patient support, which is seeing a dermatologist every third month.

Objectives
To examine the economic impact of the patient support from a healthcare-sector perspective in the RCT.

Methods
Costs for primary care, secondary healthcare services and costs of prescription medication were compared for the intervention and nonintervention groups over 48 weeks. Health benefits were expressed in terms of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) measured by the EuroQoL five-dimension three-level questionnaire. Regression analyses were used to estimate incremental cost and QALYs.

Results
The incremental cost was estimated at £462, with an average increase of 0.08 QALYs per patients for participants receiving the intervention compared with those receiving standard care. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for patients was £5999/QALY. The intervention had an almost 100% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £30 000 per QALY.

Conclusions
Addressing adherence issues is critical to improving outcomes for patients with psoriasis who use topical treatment. The personal support intervention was effective with an acceptable increase in costs.
IAPs and RIPK1 mediate LPS-induced cytokine production in healthy subjects and Crohn’s disease
Authors: Seidelin Jakob Benedict , Jensen Simone , Hansen Morten , de Carvalho Bronze Mariana Rodrigues , Cuchet-Lourenҫo Delphine , Nejentsev Sergey , LaCasse Eric Charles , Nielsen Ole Haagen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Innate immune activity fuels intestinal inflammation in Crohn’s disease (CD), an inflammatory bowel disease. Identification and targeting of new molecular regulators of the innate activity are warranted to control the disease. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) regulate both cell survival and inflammatory signaling. We investigated the effects of IAP inhibition by second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetics (SMs) on innate responses and cell death to pathogen-associated molecular patterns in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocytes. IAPs inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6. Likewise, LPS (but not muramyl dipeptide or Escherichia coli) induced TNF-α was inhibited in CD and control PBMCs. The SM effect was partially reversed by inhibition of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1). The effect was mainly cell death independent. Thus, IAP inhibition by SMs leads to reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines and may be considered in the efforts to develop new therapeutic strategies to control CD.
Rapid meropenem/vaborbactam NP test for detecting susceptibility/resistance in Enterobacterales
Authors: Nordmann Patrice , Kerbol Auriane , Bouvier Maxime , Sadek Mustafa , Poirel Laurent , Raro Otávio Hallal Ferreira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The treatment options for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are extremely scarce nowadays and the development of new antibiotics does not follow the exponential increase in the dissemination of carbapenem resistance determinants worldwide. Meropenem/vaborbactam was recently approved for clinical use and it has been indicated for treating several infections. Although relatively rare, meropenem/vaborbactam resistance has already been reported in Enterobacterales and its early detection could be a valuable tool for faster clinical decision-making.

Objectives
To develop a rapid test, namely the Rapid MEV NP, for the identification of meropenem/vaborbactam resistance in Enterobacterales.

Methods
The Rapid MEV NP test is based on detection of glucose metabolization occurring upon bacterial growth in the presence of meropenem/vaborbactam at a concentration of 16/8 mg/L. Bacterial growth is detectable by a colour change of phenol red (from red to yellow) subsequent of the acidification of the medium upon bacterial growth. A total of 75 Enterobacterales isolates were randomly selected for evaluating the performance of the Rapid MEV NP test.

Results
The test showed 97.2% sensitivity and 93.8% specificity when compared with the reference method. The results are obtained after 3 h of incubation at 35°C ± 2°C, which is a gain of time of at least 15 h (one day in practice) compared with currently used antimicrobial susceptibility testing including broth microdilution methods.

Conclusions
The Rapid MEV NP test, easy to perform and to interpret, showed remarkable performance while providing fast results, and is therefore suitable for implementation in routine clinical microbiology laboratories.
A novel radio imaging method for physical spectral index modelling
Authors: Ceccotti E , Offringa A R , Koopmans L V E , Timmerman R , Brackenhoff S A , Gehlot B K , Mertens F G , Munshi S , Pandey V N , van Weeren R J , Yatawatta S , Zaroubi S 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a new method, called ‘forced-spectrum fitting’, for physically based spectral modelling of radio sources during deconvolution. This improves upon current common deconvolution fitting methods, which often produce inaccurate spectra. Our method uses any pre-existing spectral index map to assign spectral indices to each model component cleaned during the multifrequency deconvolution of wsclean, where the pre-determined spectrum is fitted. The component magnitude is evaluated by performing a modified weighted linear least-squares fit. We test this method on a simulated LOFAR high-band antenna (HBA) observation of the 3C 196 QSO and a real LOFAR HBA observation of the 4C+55.16 FRI galaxy. We compare the results from the forced-spectrum fitting with traditional joined-channel deconvolution using polynomial fitting. Because no prior spectral information was available for 4C+55.16, we demonstrate a method for extracting spectral indices in the observed frequency band using ‘clustering’. The models generated by the forced-spectrum fitting are used to improve the calibration of the data sets. The final residuals are comparable to existing multifrequency deconvolution methods, but the output model agrees with the provided spectral index map, embedding correct spectral information. While forced-spectrum fitting does not solve the determination of the spectral information itself, it enables the construction of accurate multifrequency models that can be used for wide-band calibration and subtraction.
A Gaia view of the optical and X-ray luminosities of compact binary millisecond pulsars
Authors: Koljonen Karri I I , Linares Manuel 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we study compact binary millisecond pulsars with low- and very low-mass companion stars (spiders) in the Galactic field, using data from the latest Gaia data release (DR3). We infer the parallax distances of the optical counterparts to spiders, which we use to estimate optical and X-ray luminosities. We compare the parallax distances to those derived from radio pulse dispersion measures and find that they have systematically larger values, by 40 per cent on average. We also test the correlation between X-ray and spin-down luminosities, finding that most redbacks have a spin-down to X-ray luminosity conversion efficiency of ∼0.1 per cent, indicating a contribution from the intrabinary shock. On the other hand, most black widows have an efficiency of ∼0.01 per cent, similar to the majority of the pulsar population. Finally, we find that the bolometric optical luminosity significantly correlates with the orbital period, with a large scatter due to different irradiated stellar temperatures and binary properties. We interpret this correlation as the effect of the increasing size of the Roche Lobe radius with the orbital period. With this newly found correlation, an estimate of the optical magnitude can be obtained from the orbital period and a distance estimate.