bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cohort profile: Bladder Cancer Data Base Sweden (BladderBaSe) 2.0
Authors: Häggström Christel , Hagberg Oskar , Gårdmark Truls , Aljabery Firas , Ströck Viveka , Hosseini Abolfazl , Sherif Amir , Malmstrom Per-Uno , Söderkvist Karin , Ullén Anders , Jerlström Tomas , Jahnson Staffan , Liedberg Fredrik , Holmberg Lars 
Published: December 2022

PurposeWe constructed Bladder Cancer Data Base Sweden (BladderBaSe) 2.0 to expand studies in BladderBaSe on incidence, treatment outcomes, side effects, survival and health economic aspects of men and women with cancer in the urinary bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) (renal pelvis and ureter) and urethral carcinoma.ParticipantsBladderBaSe 2.0 includes 53 298 patients with cancer in the urinary bladder, diagnosed from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2019, and 961 patients with UTUC in the renal pelvis and 792 in the ureter, and 146 patients with urethral urothelial carcinoma, diagnosed from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019, and in total 275 816 participants in reference groups, free of cancer in the urinary tract, matched 1:5 on sex, age and county.Findings to dateTo date, 18 published studies based on data from the BladderBaSe have investigated calendar time trends in survival; impact of gender, socioeconomic factors, tumour aggressiveness and hospital volume for radical cystectomy on prognosis; survival after radical cystectomy compared with radical radiotherapy; risk factors for complications and side effects after radical cystectomy such as thromboembolism, strictures of ureteroenterostomies and incisional hernia.Future plansThe BladderBaSe initiators are currently investigating gender-dependent detection delays due to urinary tract infections; survival after non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with respect to the number of transurethral resections; short-term outcomes comparing open and robot-assisted radical cystectomy; studies on risk for intravesical recurrence after different diagnostic measures in UTUC, and suicide risk after bladder cancer diagnosis. The BladderBaSe project group is open for collaborations with national and international colleagues.
Presentation of benefits and harms in cancer screening guidelines for Koreans: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Han Mi Ah , Jung Jae Hung , Hwang Eu Chang 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionCancer screening guidelines should be based on the best available evidence, presenting both the benefits and harms of screening in a manner applicable to stakeholders. How the potential benefits and harms of screening are presented determine the intent of guideline developers and the delivery of recommendations. Therefore, we will systematically review the cancer screening guidelines for Koreans to evaluate the presentation and detailed ways of the benefits and harms of the recommended cancer screening practices.Methods and analysisTo identify cancer screening guidelines for Koreans, we will search international electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Embase and domestic literature databases (Korean Studies Information Service System, Research Information Sharing Service, KoreaMED, Korean Medical Database, National Assembly Library and Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) as well as guideline databases (Guideline International Network, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Turning Research Into Practice medical database, WHO guidelines and Korean Medical Guideline Information Center), from inception to November 2022. We will include cancer screening guidelines for healthcare practitioners and patients. Furthermore, we will focus on the most updated guidelines when multiple versions of guidelines are available for a specific intervention and cancer pairs from the same development group. Two reviewers will independently and in duplicate conduct reference screening and data extraction. Data will be extracted based on recommendations from each guideline and how their benefits and harms are presented. The general characteristics of cancer screening guidelines, including cancer type, recommended screening methods, certainty of evidence, direction and strength of recommendation, will be collected. In addition, we will obtain key information on the presentation of the benefits and harms of screening interventions, including quantification of their relative and absolute effects of screening interventions. Finally, our findings will be presented descriptively, and a summary of the results will be provided.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required as we will only use published materials. We will disseminate our findings through publication in peer-reviewed journals.
Short-term socioeconomic status shift and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in China: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Lai Runmin , Li Ruiqi , Wang Tong , Ju Jianqing , Liu Qiyu , Zhang Jie , Song Luxia , Xu Hao 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionLimited studies have discussed the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) shift on cardiovascular outcomes, especially in less developed regions and countries. We; therefore, explored the association between short-term SES shift and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in China.MethodsIn participants who had completed China Kadoorie Biobank study resurvey, 18 672 were included in the final analysis after excluding those who had cardiovascular diseases at baseline, and those who had a cardiovascular event before the resurvey. We used education, occupation, household income and healthcare cover as measurement of SES, and generated SES class for each individual at baseline and resurvey using latent class analysis. Outcomes of interest included cardiovascular death, major coronary event (MCE) and stroke. We used accelerated failure time model to obtain survival time ratio for each level of SES shift.ResultsDuring a mean time gap of 2.6 years, 10 273 (55%) individuals remained stable in SES, 7763 (41.6%) shifted towards higher SES and 636 (3.4%) shifted towards lower SES. Participants were followed up for a mean of 9.8 years. After adjusting for baseline factors, sharp but not moderate SES downshift was significantly associated with shortened event-free survival time before cardiovascular deaths (p=0.02) and MCEs (p<0.001) occurred. Contrarily, moderate and sharp SES upshift was significantly associated with prolonged event-free survival time before cardiovascular deaths (p=0.0027 and p<0.001) and MCEs (p=0.0079 and p=0.009) occurred.ConclusionShort-term SES improvement is associated with better long-term cardiovascular outcome in China. High baseline SES might buffer out some unfavourable impact brought by moderate SES downshift. More comprehensive strategies should be considered in policy-making for socioeconomic development.
Angiographic collateral venous phase: a novel landmark for leptomeningeal collaterals evaluation in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Consoli Arturo , Pizzuto Silvia , Sgreccia Alessandro , Di Maria Federico , Coskun Oguzhan , Rodesch Georges , Lapergue Bertrand , Felblinger Jacques , Chen Bailiang , Bracard Serge 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundAlthough recanalization rates constantly increase (>80%), a favorable clinical outcome is achieved in only 45–55% of patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for anterior circulation stroke. Collateral circulation seems to play a major role in determining this discrepancy. The aim of the study was to investigate a novel angiographic landmark assessing the collateral venous phase (CVP) compared with the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology (ASITN/SIR) score, based on the arterial collateral assessment.MethodsTwo hundred patients with anterior circulation stroke treated by MT between 2016 and 2021 were included. The ASITN/SIR score and the presence of CVP were blindly evaluated by expert neuroradiologists. Three subanalyses were performed comparing patients with good versus poor collaterals, CVP presence versus absence, and a composite analysis including both ASITN/SIR and CVP grading results.ResultsGood collateral circulation (ASITN >2) was observed in 113 patients (56.5%) whereas CVP was present in 90 patients (45%) and mostly in patients with good collaterals. Favorable clinical and neuroradiological outcomes were more likely observed in patients with both good collaterals and the presence of CVP than in those with good collaterals and absence of CVP (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2: 77.3% vs 7.9%, p<0.0001; mortality: 9.3% vs 26.3%, p=0.02; 24-hour Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score: 8 vs 6, p<0.0001), while ASITN/SIR score alone was not significantly associated with clinical outcomes.ConclusionsThe presence of CVP improves the angiographic assessment of collateral circulation. CVP could be proposed as a new imaging landmark to better understand the functionality of collaterals.
Outcome of endovascular thrombectomy in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis
Authors: Chen Kuo-Wei , Chen Chih-Hao , Lin Yen-Heng , Lee Chung-Wei , Tsai Kun-Chang , Tsai Li-Kai , Tang Sung-Chun , Jeng Jiann-Shing 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundPatients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are often excluded from clinical trials of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). This study investigated the outcome in these patients.MethodsFrom September 2014 to July 2021, all patients undergoing EVT for anterior circulation stroke in two stroke centers in Taiwan were included. They were divided into no renal dysfunction (non-RD, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2), RD (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2but no dialysis), and ESRD undergoing dialysis (ESRD-dialysis). The clinical features and outcomes were compared.ResultsOf 482 patients included, there were 20 ESRD-dialysis, 110 RD, and 352 non-RD patients. The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), use of intravenous thrombolysis, EVT-related time metrics, and successful recanalization rates were comparable among the three groups. However, the ESRD-dialysis patients had more symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH, 15% vs 3.6% vs 3.7%), more contrast-induced encephalopathy (15% vs 1.8% vs 0.9%), and a higher mortality at 90 days (35% vs 18% vs 11%) than the other groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that ESRD-dialysis was associated with a less favorable outcome (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.77) and more severe disability or mortality (modified Rankin Scale 5 or 6; OR 13.1, 95% CI 3.93 to 48.1) at 90 days. In the ESRD-dialysis group, the patients with premorbid functional dependence had a significantly higher mortality than those without (75% vs 8.3%; P=0.004).ConclusionESRD-dialysis patients were associated with symptomatic ICH and less favorable outcome at 90 days. Patients with premorbid functional dependency had an excessively high mortality.
Breaking with a dogma: persisting diffusion restrictions (pDWI) in follow-up after endovascular treatment for stroke
Authors: Hernandez Petzsche Moritz Roman , Boeckh-Behrens Tobias , Bernkopf Kathleen , Henze Simone , Maegerlein Christian , Sepp Dominik , Zimmer Claus , Wunderlich Silke , Ikenberg Benno , Berndt Maria Teresa 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundPost-stroke diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) signal transformation of the infarct core, which results in high apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and variable DWI signal intensity, is completed no later than 1 month after onset of ischemia. We observed frequent exceptions to this timeline of change in DWI signal, which led to uncertainties in further clinical patient management.MethodsA prospective single-center study of patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy of a large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation was conducted. Patients received high-resolution MRI at 3T, including DWI, in the acute post-stroke phase and in the follow-up after 3–12 months.ResultsOverall, 78 patients (45 men) of mean age 63.6 years were evaluated. We identified persisting or new diffusion restriction in 29 of the 78 patients (37.2%) on follow-up imaging. Diffusion restrictions in a different location from the infarct core, representing new (sub-)acute ischemia, were observed in four patients (5.1%). Smaller areas of persisting diffusion restriction (pDWI lesions with high DWI signal and reduced ADC values) within the former infarct core were observed in 25 patients (32.1%) without clinical evidence of recurrent stroke, but with worse outcome scores at follow-up compared with patients without pDWI lesions. The presence of pDWI lesions is associated with a large primary infarct core (multivariate regression OR 1.03 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.05); p<0.01), mediating the relationship between pDWI lesions and clinical outcome.ConclusionSmaller foci of persisting diffusion restriction (pDWI lesions) in the follow-up after endovascular treatment for stroke are frequent and likely represent a slowed ADC signal progression within a formerly large infarct core.
As countries improve their cigarette tax policy, cigarette consumption declines
Authors: Ngo Anh , Drope Jeffrey , Guerrero-López Carlos Manuel , Siu Erika , Chaloupka Frank J 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThis study examines the association between the Tobacconomics cigarette tax scores and cigarette consumption in 97 countries during the period of 2014–2020.MethodsData on countries’ retail cigarette sales and overall cigarette tax scores from 2014 to 2020 are drawn from the proprietary Euromonitor International database and the Tobacconomics Cigarette Tax Scorecard (second edition). Information on countries’ tobacco control environments and demographic characteristics is from the relevant years’ WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, and the World Bank’s World Development Indicators database. Ordinary least squares regressions are employed to examine the link between countries’ overall cigarette tax scores and cigarette consumption. All regressions control for countries’ tobacco control environments, countries’ demographic characteristics, year indicators and country fixed effects.ResultsEach unit increase in the overall cigarette tax scores is significantly associated with a reduction of 9% in countries’ per-capita cigarette consumption during 2014–2020. The reduction is more pronounced in low and middle-income countries (9%) than in high-income countries (6%). The modest improvement in scores from 2014 to 2020 is associated with a reduction of 3.27% in consumption, while consumption could have been reduced by 20.74% had countries implemented optimal tax policies that would earn the highest score of 5.ConclusionsOur results provide evidence on the association between higher cigarette tax scores and lower cigarette consumption. To reduce tobacco consumption, governments must strive to implement all four components in the Cigarette Tax Scorecard at the highest level.
Relativistic equilibrium fluid configurations around rotating deformed compact objects
Authors: Faraji Shokoufe , Trova Audrey , Quevedo Hernando 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe main goal of this paper is to investigate the physical properties of equilibrium sequences of non-self-gravitating surfaces that characterize Thick disks around a rotating deformed compact object described by a stationary generalization of the static $$\mathrm q$$
q
-metric. The space-time corresponds to an exact solution of Einstein’s field equations so that we can perform the analysis for arbitrary values of the quadrupole moment and rotation parameter. To study the properties of this disk model, we analyze bounded trajectories in this space-time. Further, we find that depending on the values of the parameters, we can have various disk structures that can easily be distinguished from the static case and also from the Schwarzschild background. We argue that this study may be used to evaluate the rotation and quadrupole parameters of the central compact object.
Rehospitalization Events After Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From the PARTNER Trial
Authors: Huded Chetan P. , Arnold Suzanne V. , Chhatriwalla Adnan K. , Saxon John T. , Kapadia Samir , Yu Xiao , Webb John G. , Thourani Vinod H. , Kodali Susheel K. , Smith Craig R. , Mack Michael J. , Leon Martin B. , Cohen David J. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Rehospitalization is a common end point in clinical trials of structural heart interventions, but whether rehospitalization is clinically and prognostically relevant in these patients is uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of rehospitalization events after aortic valve replacement (AVR) and their association with mortality and health status.

Methods:
The study population included patients who underwent transcatheter or surgical AVR in the PARTNER I‚ II‚ and III trials (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves). Health status was assessed with the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-overall summary score. The primary analysis focused on heart failure hospitalization within 1 year after AVR and its association with mortality, poor outcome (death, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-overall summary score <60 or decrease by ≥10), and health status at 1 year using adjusted models. Secondary analyses examined the prognostic associations of rehospitalization due to a composite of heart failure, valve-related, or procedure-related causes.

Results:

Among 3403 patients treated with AVR (2008 transcatheter AVR, 1395 surgical AVR), the 1-year incidence was 6.7% for heart failure hospitalization and 9.7% for rehospitalization due to a composite of heart failure, valve-related, or procedure-related causes. Heart failure hospitalization after AVR was associated with increased risk of 1-year mortality (hazard ratio, 3.97 [2.48 to 6.36];
P
<0.001), poor outcome (OR, 2.76 [1.73 to 4.40];
P
<0.001), and worse health status (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-overall summary mean difference −9.8 points [−13.8 to −5.8];
P
<0.001). Rehospitalization due to a composite of heart failure, valve-related, or procedure-related causes was similarly associated with increased 1-year mortality (hazard ratio, 4.64 [3.11 to 6.92];
P
<0.001), poor outcome (OR, 2.06 [1.38 to 3.07];
P
=0.0004), and worse health status (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-overall summary mean difference −8.8 points [−11.8 to −5.7];
P
<0.001). There was no effect modification by treatment type (transcatheter AVR versus surgical AVR) for these associations.

Conclusions:
Heart failure hospitalization and rehospitalization after AVR are associated with increased risk of mortality and worse 1-year health status. These findings confirm the clinical and prognostic relevance of rehospitalization end points for trials of AVR.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00530894.
Emergency Medical Services Stroke Care Performance Variability in Michigan: Analysis of a Statewide Linked Stroke Registry
Authors: Oostema J. Adam , Nickles Adrienne , Luo Zhehui , Reeves Mathew J. 
Published: December 2022

Background
Emergency medical services (EMS) compliance with recommended prehospital care for patients with acute stroke is inconsistent; however, sources of variability in compliance are not well understood. The current analysis utilizes a linkage between a statewide stroke registry and EMS information system data to explore patient and EMS agency‐level contributions to variability in prehospital care.

Methods and Results
This is a retrospective analysis of a cohort of confirmed stroke cases transported by EMS to hospitals participating in a statewide stroke registry. Using EMS information system data, the authors quantified EMS compliance with 6 performance measures derived from national guidelines for prehospital stroke care: prehospital stroke scale performance, glucose check, stroke recognition, on‐scene time ≤15 minutes, time last known well documentation, and hospital prenotification. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression analysis was then used to examine associations between patient‐level demographic and clinical characteristics and EMS compliance while accounting for and quantifying the variation attributable to agency of transport and recipient hospital.
Over an 18‐month period, EMS and stroke registry records were linked for 5707 EMS‐transported stroke cases. Compliance ranged from 24% of cases for last known well documentation to 82% for documentation of a glucose check. The other measures were documented in approximately half of cases. Older age, higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and earlier presentation were associated with more compliant prehospital care. EMS agencies accounted for more than half of the variation in EMS prehospital stroke scale documentation and last known well documentation and 27% of variation in glucose check but <10% of stroke recognition and prenotification variability.

Conclusions
EMS stroke care remains highly variable across different performance measures and EMS agencies. EMS agency and electronic medical record type are important sources of variability in compliance with key prehospital performance metrics for stroke.
Interleukin‐29 Accelerates Vascular Calcification via JAK2/STAT3/BMP2 Signaling
Authors: Hao Nannan , Zhou Zihao , Zhang Feifei , Li Yong , Hu Rui , Zou Junjie , Zheng Rui , Wang Lei , Xu Lingxiao , Tan Wenfeng , Li Chunjian , Wang Fang 
Published: December 2022

Background
Vascular calcification (VC), associated with enhanced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, is characterized by the osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Inflammation promotes VC initiation and progression. Interleukin (IL)‐29, a newly discovered member of type III interferon, has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here we evaluated the role of IL‐29 in the VC process and underlying inflammatory mechanisms.

Methods and Results
The mRNA expression of IL‐29 was significantly increased and positively associated with an increase in BMP2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) mRNA level in calcified carotid arteries from patients with coronary artery disease or chronic kidney disease. IL‐29 and BMP2 proteins are colocalized in human calcified arteries. IL‐29 binding to its specific receptor IL‐28Rα (IL‐28 receptor α) (IL‐29/IL‐28Rα) inhibited the proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells without altering cell apoptosis or migration. IL‐29 promoted the calcification of rat vascular smooth muscle cells and their osteogenic transdifferentiation in vitro as well as the rat aortic ring calcification ex vivo, induced by the calcification medium or osteogenic medium. The procalcification effect of IL‐29 was reduced by pharmacological inhibition of IL‐29/IL‐28Rα binding as well as suppression of janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway activation, accompanied by decreased BMP2 expression in the cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

Conclusions
These results suggest an important role of IL‐29 in VC development, at least partly, via activating the janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling. Inhibition of IL‐29 or its specific receptor, IL‐28Rα, may provide a novel strategy to reduce VC in patients with vascular diseases.