bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic predictors of emergency service utilization patterns in youth at risk of suicide
Authors: Bajaj Mira A. , Wilcox Holly C. , Adams Leslie B. , Berman Alan L. , Cwik Mary , Kitchen Christopher , Miller Leslie , Nestadt Paul S. , Slade Eric P. , Haroz Emily E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore demographic predictors of Emergency Department (ED) utilization among youth with a history of suicidality (i.e., ideation or behaviors).MethodsElectronic health records were extracted from 2017 to 2021 for 3094 8–22 year‐old patients with a history of suicidality at an urban academic medical center ED in the Mid‐Atlantic. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess for demographic predictors of ED utilization frequency, timing of subsequent visits, and reasons for subsequent visits over a 24‐month follow‐up period.ResultsBlack race (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.11–1.92), Female sex (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.26–2.03), and having Medicaid insurance (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.37–2.14) were associated with increased utilization, while being under 18 was associated with lower utilization (<12: OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.26–0.56; 12–18: OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.35–0.63). These demographics were also associated with ED readmission within 90 days, while being under 18 was associated with a lower odds of readmission.ConclusionsAmong patients with a history of suicidality, those who identify as Black, young adults, patients with Medicaid, and female patients were more likely to be frequent utilizers of the ED within the 2 years following their initial visit. This pattern may suggest inadequate health care access for these groups, and a need to develop better care coordination with an intersectional focus to facilitate utilization of other health services.
Insights on physical behavior while working from home: An ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Sers Svenja , Timm Irina , de Vries Elisabeth A. , Wäsche Hagen , Woll Alexander , Bender Oliver , Giurgiu Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEver since the COVID‐19 pandemic, working from home (WFH) has emerged as a common alternative work environment, but the possible influence on daily physical behavior (PB) (i.e., physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB)) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine daily associations between PB and the work environment (i.e., WFH, working at the office (WAO)), as well as to explore and identify patterns of PB within each work environment.An observational study using a dual‐accelerometer system to continuously assess PB for at least 5 days was conducted. The sample consisted of 55 participants providing 276 days of assessment. Additional demographic, contextual, and psychological variables were measured via baseline questionnaire and several smartphone prompts per day. To analyze the effects of the work environment on PB, multilevel analyses were conducted. For the identification of patterns within each work environment, latent class trajectory modelling was applied.Associations between the work environment and various PA parameters were found, indicating that WFH has a negative effect on MVPA time, steps, and physical activity intensity (MET), but a positive effect on short PA bouts (≤5 min). No associations between the work environment and any SB parameter (i.e., SB time, SB breaks, SB bouts) were found. Latent class trajectory modelling revealed three MVPA patterns for days WFH, and two patterns for days WAO.Given the growing prevalence of WFH and the positive health effects associated with MVPA, daily‐tailored solutions to enhance MPVA while WFH are urgently needed.
Examining the perspectives of practitioners toward a geospatial technology competency model
Authors: Jackson Rodney D. , Kerski Joseph 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study is intended to provide insight into geospatial practitioners' viewpoints toward the US Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (DOLETA) Geospatial Technology Competency Model (GTCM). These viewpoints are significant since business professionals use workplace competencies for job analysis, professional certification, and defining workforce requirements. The research sought to determine the views held toward a set of geospatial competencies and provide the field with an understanding of how practitioners perceive these competency statements. Sixty‐one participants sorted 42 cards (with geospatial competency statements) on a scale of −5 to 5 and completed two short surveys with demographic and open‐ended questions. The data were evaluated using factor analysis, descriptive statistics, and a combination of high, low, and distinguishing statements to provide meaning to the viewpoints.
Tax effects on foreign direct investment—Just a rerouting
Authors: Erokhin Dmitry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates tax‐related determinants of indirect foreign direct investment (FDI). In particular, it studies the effects of bilateral effective average tax rates, the strength of anti‐tax avoidance rules in host countries and tax haven status of home countries on the volume of indirect FDI host countries receive. The paper uses the fourth edition of the OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment (BMD4) database, which distinguishes between ultimate and immediate FDI. Methodologically, the paper relies on the standard gravity equation for FDI and applies the Poisson pseudo‐maximum likelihood estimation model. The paper shows that ultimate FDI is not influenced by tax‐related factors but only real economic determinants, whereas tax rates affect immediate FDI. This finding suggests that previous research may have overestimated the tax elasticity of FDI, and taxes do not have an impact on location decisions of FDI, but rather the route of investing—direct or indirect. The paper defines indirect FDI as the difference between ultimate and immediate FDI and finds that high bilateral effective average tax rates encourage indirect FDI. The finding is robust under different specifications.
A Quick Start Approach of Enterprise Architecture Implementation in the Investment Industry Sector
Authors: Amna sakinah  , Abu Bakar Nur Azaliah , Hussien Surya Sumarni 
Published: July 2023

Investment companies need to keep up with emerging technologies if they want to remain competitive. If this pattern persists, the investment industry could lose many customers. Several reports stress the importance of rethinking the business model of the investing industry in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Enterprise architecture is the way to go when controlling an organisation's information technology systems' structure, behaviour, and interconnections. Organisational activities and data flows can be better managed with the help of enterprise architecture. This study aims to help readers comprehend the investing business by delving into its fundamental ideas, advantages, disadvantages, and potential application settings. Enterprise architecture is how a business should run and how many components should collaborate. An all-encompassing architectural framework addressing enterprise IT, application software, and infrastructure are included in this analysis. The proposed design is aimed to facilitate the investment firm's incorporation of state-of-the-art technologies.
Enterprise Architecture: Enabling Digital Transformation for Healthcare Organization
Authors: Mohd Rahimi Nur Izwani , Mat Yatya Syukriah , Abu Bakar Nur Azaliah 
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the role of Enterprise Architecture (EA) in facilitating digital transformation for healthcare organisations, considering the expanding demand for a comprehensive blueprint to leverage information technology in achieving long-term strategic goals. Through a review of pertinent EA literature, this study investigates the applicability of EA and the Architecture Development Method (ADM) from TOGAF in healthcare. The article emphasises the benefits of employing TOGAF ADM as a proven EA methodology, which provides a systematic and precise step-by-step process for capturing an organisation's current and future states and identifying gaps between them. By adopting TOGAF ADM, healthcare organisations can employ decision-making and management analytic tools to expedite digital transformation. The primary objective is to develop a robust EA framework that facilitates the seamless transition from the existing baseline architecture to the desired target architecture while also addressing any identified voids. In addition, TOGAF ADM plays a crucial role in identifying areas where governance mechanisms may be absent, thereby enhancing alignment with system requirements, objectives, and stakeholder engagement. This research ultimately demonstrates the significance of Enterprise Architecture in facilitating digital transformation within the healthcare industry. By implementing TOGAF ADM, healthcare organisations can utilise EA to improve their operational efficiency, strategic decision-making, and overall performance. The study illuminates the critical role of enterprise architecture (EA) in designing and developing an effective healthcare architecture, enabling organisations to navigate the complexities of the digital landscape and leverage technology to meet their evolving requirements and aspirations.
Ablation of KIF2C in Purkinje cells impairs metabotropic glutamate receptor trafficking and motor coordination in male mice
Authors: Zheng Rui , Xu Fang‐Xiao , Zhou Lin , Xu Junyu , Shen Ying , Hao Ke , Wang Xin‐Tai , Deng Junjie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKinesin family member 2C (KIF2C)/mitotic centromere‐associated kinesin (MCAK), is thought to be oncogenic as it is involved in tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, it also plays a part in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease and psychiatric disorders such as suicidal schizophrenia. Our previous study conducted on mice demonstrated that KIF2C is widely distributed in various regions of the brain, and is localized in synaptic spines. Additionally, it regulates microtubule dynamic properties through its own microtubule depolymerization activity, thereby affecting AMPA receptor transport and cognitive behaviour in mice. In this study, we show that KIF2C regulates the transport of mGlu1 receptors in Purkinje cells by binding to Rab8. KIF2C deficiency in Purkinje cells results in abnormal gait, reduced balance ability and motor incoordination in male mice. These data suggest that KIF2C is essential for maintaining normal transport and synaptic function of mGlu1 and motor coordination in mice.
imageKey points
KIF2C is localized in synaptic spines of hippocampus neurons, and regulates excitatory transmission, synaptic plasticity and cognitive behaviour.
KIF2C is extensively expressed in the cerebellum, and we investigated its functions in development and synaptic transmission of cerebellar Purkinje cells.
KIF2C deficiency in Purkinje cells alters the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGlu1) and the AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit at Purkinje cell synapses, and changes excitatory synaptic transmission, but not inhibitory transmission.
KIF2C regulates the transport of mGlu1 receptors in Purkinje cells by binding to Rab8. KIF2C deficiency in Purkinje cells affects motor coordination, but not social behaviour in male mice.
Circadian patterns of heart rate variability in fetal sheep after hypoxia‐ischaemia: A biomarker of evolving brain injury
Authors: Lear Christopher A. , Maeda Yoshiki , King Victoria J. , Dhillon Simerdeep K. , Beacom Michael J. , Gunning Mark I. , Lear Benjamin A. , Davidson Joanne O. , Stone Peter R. , Ikeda Tomoaki , Gunn Alistair J. , Bennet Laura 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHypoxia‐ischaemia (HI) before birth is a key risk factor for stillbirth and severe neurodevelopmental disability in survivors, including cerebral palsy, although there are no reliable biomarkers to detect at risk fetuses that may have suffered a transient period of severe HI. We investigated time and frequency domain measures of fetal heart rate variability (FHRV) for 3 weeks after HI in preterm fetal sheep at 0.7 gestation (equivalent to preterm humans) until 0.8 gestation (equivalent to term humans). We have previously shown that this is associated with delayed development of severe white and grey matter injury, including cystic white matter injury (WMI) resembling that observed in human preterm infants. HI was associated with suppression of time and frequency domain measures of FHRV and reduced their circadian rhythmicity during the first 3 days of recovery. By contrast, circadian rhythms of multiple measures of FHRV were exaggerated over the final 2 weeks of recovery, mediated by a greater reduction in FHRV during the morning nadir, but no change in the evening peak. These data suggest that the time of day at which FHRV measurements are taken affects their diagnostic utility. We further propose that circadian changes in FHRV may be a low‐cost, easily applied biomarker of antenatal HI and evolving brain injury.
imageKey points
Hypoxia‐ischaemia (HI) before birth is a key risk factor for stillbirth and probably for disability in survivors, although there are no reliable biomarkers for antenatal brain injury.
In preterm fetal sheep, acute HI that is known to lead to delayed development of severe white and grey matter injury over 3 weeks, was associated with early suppression of multiple time and frequency domain measures of fetal heart rate variability (FHRV) and loss of their circadian rhythms during the first 3 days after HI.
Over the final 2 weeks of recovery after HI, exaggerated circadian rhythms of frequency domain FHRV measures were observed. The morning nadirs were lower with no change in the evening peak of FHRV.
Circadian changes in FHRV may be a low‐cost, easily applied biomarker of antenatal HI and evolving brain injury.
Cyclic Variability Analysis of an Engine Fueled With Gasoline/Natural Gas Using Return Maps and Symbol Sequences
Authors: Singotia Pawan Kumar , Saraswati Samir 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The present work investigates the cyclic variability of a single-cylinder spark ignition engine fueled with gasoline/natural gas. Return maps and symbol sequence analysis are used to analyze the cycle dynamics at different engine loads and mixture strength. Cycle dynamics is found to be stochastic in nature at high engine loads with low cyclic variability. The frequency of deterministic patterns with close coupling between consecutive cycles is found to be high at low loads with high cyclic variability. In comparison to gasoline, the deterministic effects are found to be more predominant for natural gas fueled engine. The paper also demonstrates that the identification of deterministic patterns and omitting them through an efficient engine management system brings the engine to a stable state from unstable state. The research provides an estimate of how much better engine performance could be achieved with the knowledge of determinism in the system and the subsequent application of this knowledge for efficient engine control.
Unbalance Bearing Fault Identification Using Highly Accurate Hilbert–Huang Transform Approach
Authors: Salunkhe Vishal G. , Khot S. M. , Desavale R. G. , Yelve Nitesh P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The dynamic characteristics of rolling element bearings are strongly related to their geometric and operating parameters, most importantly the bearing unbalance. Modern condition monitoring necessitates the use of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) to diagnose unbalance bearing failure. This paper presents a Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) method to diagnose the unbalanced rolling bearing faults of rotating machinery. To initially reduce the noise levels with slight signal distortion, the noises of the sample in normal and unbalanced fault states are measured and denoised using the wavelet threshold approach. The complex vibration signatures are decomposed into finite IMFs with ensemble empirical mode decomposition technique. Fast Fourier techniques are employed to extract the vibration responses of bearings that are artificially damaged using electrochemical machining on a newly established test setup for rotor disc bearings. The similarities between the information-contained marginal Hilbert spectra can be used to diagnose rotating machinery bearing faults. The data marginal Hilbert spectra of Mahalanobis and cosine index are compared to determine the fault indicator index’s similarity score. The HHT model’s simplicity enhanced the precision of diagnosis correlated to the results of the experiments with weak fault characteristic signals. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated with several theoretical models from the literature. The HHT approach is experimentally proven with unbalance diagnosis and capable of classifying marginal Hilbert spectra distribution. Because of its superior time-frequency characteristics and pattern identification of marginal Hilbert spectra and fault indicator indices, the newly stated HHT can process nonlinear, non-stationary, and even transient signals. The findings demonstrate that the suggested method is superior in terms of unbalance fault identification accuracy for monitoring the dynamic stability of industrial rotating machinery.
Large Deflection Effects on the Energy Release Rate and Mode Partitioning of the Single Cantilever Beam Sandwich Debond Configuration
Authors: Okegbu Daniel O. , Kardomateas George A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of large deflections on the energy release rate and mode partitioning of face/core debonds for the single cantilever beam sandwich composite testing configuration, which is loaded with an applied shear force and/or a bending moment. Studies in this topic have been done by employing geometrically linear theories (either Euler–Bernoulli or Timoshenko beam theory). This assumes that the deflection at the tip of the loaded debonded part is small, which is not always the case. To address this effect, we employ the elastica theory, which is a nonlinear theory, for the debonded part. An elastic foundation analysis and the linear Euler Bernoulli theory are employed for the “joined” section where a series of springs exists between the face and the substrate (core and bottom face). A closed form expression for the energy release rate is derived by the use of J-integral. Another closed-form expression for the energy release rate is derived from the energy released by a differential spring as the debond propagates. Furthermore, a mode partitioning angle is defined based on the displacement field solution. Results for a range of core materials are in very good agreement with the corresponding ones from a finite element analysis. The results show that large deflection effects reduce the energy release rate but do not have a noteworthy effect on the mode partitioning. A small deflection assumption can significantly overestimate the energy release rate for relatively large applied loads and/or relatively long debonds.
Adaptive Mobile Robot Scheduling in Multiproduct Flexible Manufacturing Systems Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Waseem Muhammad , Chang Qing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The integration of mobile robots in material handling in flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) is made possible by the recent advancements in Industry 4.0 and industrial artificial intelligence. However, effectively scheduling these robots in real-time remains a challenge due to the constantly changing, complex, and uncertain nature of the shop floor environment. Therefore, this paper studies the robot scheduling problem for a multiproduct FMS using a mobile robot for loading/unloading parts among machines and buffers. The problem is formulated as a Markov Decision Process, and the Q-learning algorithm is used to find an optimal policy for the robot's movements in handling different product types. The performance of the system is evaluated using a reward function based on permanent production loss and the cost of demand dissatisfaction. The proposed approach is validated through a numerical case study that compares the proposed policy to a similar policy with different reward function and the first-come-first-served policy, showing a significant improvement in production throughput of approximately 23%.
Characterization of Ultrasonically Assisted Orthogonal Cutting of Bone Using Digital Image Correlation Analysis
Authors: Bai Wei , Zhai Yuhao , Zhao Jiaqi , Jia Xuzhe , Han Guangchao , Shu Liming , Wang Dong , Xu Jianfeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bone cutting with high performance material removal is critical for enhancing orthopedic surgery. Ultrasonically assisted cutting (UAC) is an advanced process with the potential to improve the material removal. However, strain and other intermediate variables in bone cutting are difficult to obtain because of the lack of suitable measurement methods, especially for high-frequency vibration-assisted cutting. In this study, digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was applied for the first time to investigate the full-field strain map and the mechanism of crack development during conventional cutting (CC) and ultrasonically assisted cutting of cortical bone. A novel method for calculating cutting and thrust forces under the mixed fracture mode of bone was also proposed. Extensive experimental results showed that the average strain and strain rate of cortical bone decreased after the application of UAC, but the maximum transient strain rate in UAC was greater than that in CC, and the crack-affected area and shear band width in UAC were smaller than those in CC. In addition, the strain parameters obtained by the DIC analysis were used to calculate the cutting and thrust forces in the hybrid fracture mode. The calculated values of forces matched well (over 90%) with the measured results, indicating the strong feasibility of DIC applications in orthogonal bone cutting research. This study has significant theoretical and practical value since it reveals the fracture mechanism of cortical bone in UAC, demonstrates a non-contact full-field measurement method for tissue strain calculation, and provides inspiration for optimizing the design of innovative orthopedic instruments.
Mechanically Prestressed Pneumatically Driven Bistable Soft Actuators
Authors: Zhou Yitong , Xu Zefeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bistable soft robots are gaining momentum for their fast speed. This study presents a novel asymmetric mechanically prestressed, pneumatically driven, bistable laminated soft actuator. Its two orthogonal stable shapes are created by prestretching two orthogonal elastomer matrix composites before bonding them to a thin core layer. Two fluidic layers with fluid channels are bonded on either side of the core layer to actuate and trigger the snap-through process of the actuator. An analytical model is proposed as follows: the actuator net energy is calculated based on polynomials with unknown coefficients, and the stable shapes of the actuator are computed as a result of pneumatic pressure and external loads with the Rayleigh–Ritz method. Bistable actuators are fabricated with different prestrains, and motion capture and tensile loading experiments are conducted for model validation. A gripper is fabricated with two bistable actuators and demonstrated to grasp a variety of objects. Sensitivity studies are performed to identify the actuator response as a function of a variety of design parameters.