bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross correlations of the CMB Doppler mode and the 21 cm brightness temperature in the presence of a primordial magnetic field
Authors: Kunze Kerstin E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The cross correlation between the CMB Doppler mode and the 21 cm line brightness temperature is calculated in the presence of a stochastic primordial magnetic field.
Potential detectability is estimated for Planck 2018 bestfit parameters in combination with configuration and survey design parameters of
21 cm line radio telescopes such as LOFAR and the future SKAO.
Homogeneous as well as inhomogeneous reionization has been considered. In particular the latter in combination with SKA1-mid shows promising signal-over-noise ratios.
Generalized stimulated Raman scattering with nonlocal effects
Authors: Shreyes S , Huang Y , Ooi C H R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present a generalized quantum theory of stimulated Raman scattering, which is based on coupled Heisenberg–Langevin equations. Analytical solutions in previous models neglect the effects of the frequency dispersion, assume far-off resonance and only consider slowly varying terms in the atomic operator. In obtaining the more general theory, we have derived partial integro-differential equation containing polarization kernels that include all the temporal nonlocal effects using systematic integral method over time. Analytical solutions of the Stokes field with greater generality for arbitrary spatial-temporal laser fields have been obtained using Laplace transform in the retarded space frame with minimal approximations made. The solutions are very general and potentially useful for studying systems in which highly accurate modeling is required such as quantum memories of a wide range of Raman systems.
Rotating Bardeen black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter as a particle accelerator
Authors: Li Qi-Quan , Zhang Yu , Li Qian , Sun Qi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study the event horizon of a rotating Bardeen black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter and the black hole as a particle accelerator. The black hole is represented by four parameters: mass M, rotation parameter a, dark matter parameter α and magnetic charge g. It is interesting that when we determine the values of magnetic charge g and dark matter parameters α we can get a critical rotation parameter a

E
and then we get a contour plane with Δ = 0 taking three parameters as coordinates. We also derive the effective potential of the particle and the center-of-mass (CM) energy of the two particles outside the black hole by using the motion equations of the particle in the equatorial plane of the black hole. We find that the CM energy depends not only on the rotation parameter a, but also on the parameters g and α. We discuss the CM energy for two particles colliding at the black hole horizon in the extreme and non-extreme cases, respectively. It is found that the CM energy can become arbitrarily high when the angular momentum of one of the two particles is the critical angular momentum under the background of extreme black holes and there is no such result for non-extreme black holes, because the particles do not reach the black hole horizon when the angular momentum of the particles is critical angular momentum. Therefore, we prove that the rotating Bardeen black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter can be used as a particle accelerator.
Electromagnetic effects on anisotropic expansion-free fluid content
Authors: Yousaf Z , Asad H , Almutairi Bander , Malik Adnan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The major goal of this work is to find solutions of Einstein–Maxwell field equations for anisotropic, expansion-free, non-static, spherically distributed matter content. The analytical models that highlight the major benefit of simplicity are shown and this makes it possible to use them as a toy model to illustrate how cavities evolve. Furthermore, the transport equations, quasi-homologous constraints and the junction conditions are also evaluated along with their useful implications. Eventually, the consequences of electric force on this system are summed up in the last section.
Reconstruction of baryon number distributions*
Authors: Huang 黄 Chuang 闯 , Tan 谈 Yang-yang 阳阳 , Wen 温 Rui 睿 , Yin 尹 Shi 诗 , Fu 付 Wei-jie 伟杰 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The maximum entropy method (MEM) and Gaussian process (GP) regression, which are both well-suited for the treatment of inverse problems, are used to reconstruct net-baryon number distributions based on a finite number of cumulants of the distribution. Baryon number distributions across the chiral phase transition are reconstructed. It is deduced that with the increase of the order of cumulants, distribution in the long tails, i.e., far away from the central number, would become increasingly important. We also reconstruct the distribution function based on the experimentally measured cumulants at the collision energy

GeV. Given the sizable error of the fourth-order cumulant measured in the experiments, the calculation of MEM shows that with the increasing fourth-order cumulant, there is another peak in the distribution function developed in the region of the large baryon number. This unnaturalness observed in the reconstructed distribution function could in turn be used to constrain the cumulants measured in the experiments.
Search for two-neutrino double-beta decay of 136Xe to the
excited state of 136Ba with the complete EXO-200 dataset*
Authors: Al Kharusi S. , Anton G. , Badhrees I. , Barbeau P.S. , Beck D. , Belov V. , Bhatta T. , Breidenbach M. , Brunner T. , Cao G.F. , Cen W.R. , Chambers C. , Cleveland B. , Coon M. , Craycraft A. , Daniels T. , Darroch L. , Daugherty S.J. , Davis J. , Delaquis S. , Der Mesrobian-Kabakian A. , DeVoe R. , Dilling J. , Dolgolenko A. , Dolinski M.J. , Echevers J. , Fairbank Jr. W. , Fairbank D. , Farine J. , Feyzbakhsh S. , Fierlinger P. , Fu Y.S. , Fudenberg D. , Gautam P. , Gornea R. , Gratta G. , Hall C. , Hansen E.V. , Hoessl J. , Hufschmidt P. , Hughes M. , Iverson A. , Jamil A. , Jessiman C. , Jewell M.J. , Johnson A. , Karelin A. , Kaufman L.J. , Koffas T. , Krücken R. , Kuchenkov A. , Kumar K.S. , Lan Y. , Larson A. , Lenardo B.G. , Leonard D.S. , Li G.S. , Li S. , Li Z. , Licciardi C. , Lin Y.H. , MacLellan R. , McElroy T. , Michel T. , Mong B. , Moore D.C. , Murray K. , Njoya O. , Nusair O. , Odian A. , Ostrovskiy I. , Perna A. , Piepke A. , Pocar A. , Retière F. , Robinson A.L. , Rowson P.C. , Runge J. , Schmidt S. , Sinclair D. , Skarpaas K. , Soma A.K. , Stekhanov V. , Tarka M. , Thibado S. , Todd J. , Tolba T. , Totev T.I. , Tsang R. , Veenstra B. , Veeraraghavan V. , Vogel P. , Vuilleumier J.-L. , Wagenpfeil M. , Watkins J. , Weber M. , Wen L.J. , Wichoski U. , Wrede G. , Wu S.X. , Xia Q. , Yahne D.R. , Yang L. , Yen Y.-R. , Zeldovich O.Ya. , Ziegler T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A new search for two-neutrino double-beta (2νββ) decay of 136Xe to the

excited state of 136Ba is performed with the full EXO-200 dataset. A deep learning-based convolutional neural network is used to discriminate signal from background events. Signal detection efficiency is increased relative to previous searches by EXO-200 by more than a factor of two. With the addition of the Phase II dataset taken with an upgraded detector, the median 90% confidence level half-life sensitivity of 2νββ decay to the

state of 136Ba is

yr using a total 136Xe exposure of 234.1 kg yr. No statistically significant evidence for 2νββ decay to the

state is observed, leading to a lower limit of

yr at 90% confidence level, improved by 70% relative to the current world's best constraint.
Nuclear photonics: Laser-driven nuclear physics
Authors: Ong J. F. , Koh Meng-Hock , Hashim I. H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
High-power lasers can produce high-energy gamma rays, charged particles, and neutrons and induce various types of nuclear reactions. In Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Romania, high-power lasers are entering a new realm of 10 PW peak power, capable of obtaining a focused intensity of 1023 Wcm–2. Such an intense laser pulse will be used for studies relevant to nuclear physics, high-field physics, and quantum electrodynamics, or the combination of laser gamma experiments. Here, we describe how a laser is used to drive high-energy photons and accelerate electrons and protons. These particles can be used for secondary interactions in nuclear physics. Laser-driven nuclear physics can be a source of nuclear isomers for applications in medicine and astrophysics.
Gamma radiation shielding simulation for thermoplastic elastomer and silicon rubber/alloy dopant with functional nanoparticle
Authors: Ful Chai Chan , Sazali Muhammad Arif , Jamaluddin Khairulnadzmi , Mohd Ali Nur Syazwani , Sarkawi Muhammad Syahir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the global energy crisis worsening, the research and application of new energy have become a strategic objective for the major countries’ long-term development in the twenty-first century. Nuclear energy technology development and application have become central to new energy development. Numerous types of high-energy radiation (such as X-rays, gamma rays, and neutron rays) produced by nuclear materials not only impose stricter requirements on the radiation-resistant materials used in the reactor but also risk causing significant environmental pollution (nuclear pollution) and serious harm to human life and health if a leak does not form. As a result, the prudent control and protection of nuclear radiation have become critical issues in the development of nuclear energy. With the rapid development of nuclear power today, it is necessary to seek new nuclear radiation protection materials, particularly those with high energy, penetrating ability, and other neutron-protective material characteristics. This is a new type of nuclear power design and construction of critical materials. In this study, WinXCom software is used to simulate the shielding properties of the used functional shielding element, compounds of metal oxide, and the mixture of RTV and TPE with the functional nanoparticle and observe the K-edge absorption of the material used. Based on the simulation, the shielding performance of the selected element of Sm was observed to have the smallest weak gap absorption zone of 40-47 MeV in common medical radiation of 30-150 KeV. Different sets of combinations of shielding material were simulated and found that the combination of WO3 with Sm2O3 gave the most pronounced radiation shielding performance with two strong absorption peaks at 46.8 KeV and 69.5 KeV. RTV composite (Sm2O3+RTV+ WO3) with WO3 as matrix gave the best shielding performance and was used as a reference for the manufacture of the new type of shielding materials.
Preliminary study on radiation shielding properties of sulfur concrete on Mars
Authors: Nazrif Zamani Muhammad , Syahir Sarkawi Muhammad , Arif Abu Bakar Asyraf , Rahim Sapizah , Ahmad Shah Mohamad Shazwan , Umar Sarehati , Md Noor Norhazilan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The hypothetical human exploration and inhabitation on Mars would certainly be difficult as the planet itself is vulnerable to the outer space radiation. The outer space radiation consists of the solar particle events (SPEs) that could easily penetrate the very thin atmospheric layers on Mars. Since sulfur concrete is identified as the feasible in situ building material on Mars, its radiation shielding capability is yet to be clarified. Here we report the preliminary radiation shielding properties of the Martian sulfur concrete composed of elemental sulfur and silica with the latter identified on Mars and incorporated by previous related studies upon irradiation with gamma rays generated from the Iridium-192. It is found that the Martian sulfur concrete demonstrated an approximately 50% efficiency upon irradiation. Martian sulfur concrete demonstrated a high potential in radiation shielding capability as well as the structural integrity post irradiation.
Assessment and sources identification of air quality pollution in Klang Valley, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Elias Md Suhaimi , Hashim Azian , Bahrudin Nurul Fairuz Dyana , Sapiee Nur Aqilah , Paulus Wilfred , Azman Muhammad Azfar , Raduian Nor Jawahir , Abdullah Intan Masayu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Air quality pollution increases a research interest due to its importance in
influencing weather and temperature, restricting visibility and causing harmful effects on human health. Samples of airborne particulate matter (APM) were collected weekly during the period from 2018 to 2020 at Klang Valley, Kuala Lumpur. The samples were collected using a Gent stacked filter sampler in two fractions particulate matter PM2.5 (PM2.5 – size of particulate < 2.5 μm) and particulate matter PM10 (PM10 – size of particulate 2.5 – 10 μm). 100 pairs of APM samples were analysed by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) for their elemental composition. The analysis result of air quality in Klang Valley, Kuala Lumpur, for an average mass concentration of PM2.5 (26.8 μg/m3) and PM10 (44.8 μg/m3) were higher compared to the interim value of Malaysian ambient air quality standard 2020 (MAAQS-2020) (PM2.5 = 15.0 μg/m3; PM10 = 40.0μg/m3). The results showed the possible sources of air pollution in the Klang Valley contributed by biomass burning/smoke (31.6%), soil dust (10.3%), industries (8.4%), motor vehicles (7.1%), sea spray (6.3%) and secondary sulphate (5.5%).
Three factors make bulk high-entropy alloys as effective electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhao Hui-Feng , Wang Ke-Yan , Chen Zhen-Jie , Li Li , Peng Jing , Peng Xu , Huang Yong-Jiang , Yu Hai-Bin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Even in their bulk forms, complex alloys like high-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit favorable activity and stability as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the underlying reasons are not yet fully understood. In a family of Mo-doped CrFeCoNi-based HEAs, we have identified three crucial factors that govern their performance: (i) homogeneous solid solution phase of HEAs helps to maintain high-valence states of metals; (ii) surface reconstruction results in a hybrid material comprising amorphous domains and percolated crystalline structures; (iii) diversity of active intermediate species (M–O, M–OOH, and, notably, the abundance of superoxide μ–OO), which display stronger adsorption capacity on the reconstructed surface. These results are revealing due to their resemblance to findings in other families of electrocatalysts for OER, as well as their unique features specific to HEAs. In line with these factors, a CrFeCoNiMo0.2 bulk integrated electrode displays a low overpotential of 215 mV, rapid kinetics, and long-term stability of over 90 d. Bulk HEAs hold great potential for industrial applications.
Molecular insights on the origin and development of waxy genotypes in major crop plants
Authors: Gaur Vikram S , Sood Salej , Guzmán Carlos , Olsen Kenneth M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Starch is a significant ingredient of the seed endosperm with commercial importance in food and industry. Crop varieties with glutinous (waxy) grain characteristics, i.e. starch with high amylopectin and low amylose, hold longstanding cultural importance in some world regions and unique properties for industrial manufacture. The waxy character in many crop species is regulated by a single gene known as GBSSI (or waxy), which encodes the enzyme Granule Bound Starch Synthase1 with null or reduced activity. Several allelic variants of the waxy gene that contribute to varying levels of amylose content have been reported in different crop plants. Phylogenetic analysis of protein sequences and the genomic DNA encoding GBSSI of major cereals and recently sequenced millets and pseudo-cereals have shown that GBSSI orthologs form distinct clusters, each representing a separate crop lineage. With the rapidly increasing demand for waxy starch in food and non-food applications, conventional crop breeding techniques and modern crop improvement technologies such as gene silencing and genome editing have been deployed to develop new waxy crop cultivars. The advances in research on waxy alleles across different crops have unveiled new possibilities for modifying the synthesis of amylose and amylopectin starch, leading to the potential creation of customized crops in the future. This article presents molecular lines of evidence on the emergence of waxy genes in various crops, including their genesis and evolution, molecular structure, comparative analysis and breeding innovations.
COWID: an efficient cloud-based genomics workflow for scalable identification of SARS-COV-2
Authors: Lim Hendrick Gao-Min , Fann Yang C , Lee Yuan-Chii Gladys 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Implementing a specific cloud resource to analyze extensive genomic data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a challenge when resources are limited. To overcome this, we repurposed a cloud platform initially designed for use in research on cancer genomics (https://cgc.sbgenomics.com) to enable its use in research on SARS-CoV-2 to build Cloud Workflow for Viral and Variant Identification (COWID). COWID is a workflow based on the Common Workflow Language that realizes the full potential of sequencing technology for use in reliable SARS-CoV-2 identification and leverages cloud computing to achieve efficient parallelization. COWID outperformed other contemporary methods for identification by offering scalable identification and reliable variant findings with no false-positive results. COWID typically processed each sample of raw sequencing data within 5 min at a cost of only US$0.01. The COWID source code is publicly available (https://github.com/hendrick0403/COWID) and can be accessed on any computer with Internet access. COWID is designed to be user-friendly; it can be implemented without prior programming knowledge. Therefore, COWID is a time-efficient tool that can be used during a pandemic.
ML-PLIC: a web platform for characterizing protein–ligand interactions and developing machine learning-based scoring functions
Authors: Zhang Xujun , Shen Chao , Wang Tianyue , Deng Yafeng , Kang Yu , Li Dan , Hou Tingjun , Pan Peichen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCracking the entangling code of protein–ligand interaction (PLI) is of great importance to structure-based drug design and discovery. Different physical and biochemical representations can be used to describe PLI such as energy terms and interaction fingerprints, which can be analyzed by machine learning (ML) algorithms to create ML-based scoring functions (MLSFs). Here, we propose the ML-based PLI capturer (ML-PLIC), a web platform that automatically characterizes PLI and generates MLSFs to identify the potential binders of a specific protein target through virtual screening (VS). ML-PLIC comprises five modules, including Docking for ligand docking, Descriptors for PLI generation, Modeling for MLSF training, Screening for VS and Pipeline for the integration of the aforementioned functions. We validated the MLSFs constructed by ML-PLIC in three benchmark datasets (Directory of Useful Decoys-Enhanced, Active as Decoys and TocoDecoy), demonstrating accuracy outperforming traditional docking tools and competitive performance to the deep learning-based SF, and provided a case study of the Serine/threonine-protein kinase WEE1 in which MLSFs were developed by using the ML-based VS pipeline in ML-PLIC. Underpinning the latest version of ML-PLIC is a powerful platform that incorporates physical and biological knowledge about PLI, leveraging PLI characterization and MLSF generation into the design of structure-based VS pipeline. The ML-PLIC web platform is now freely available at http://cadd.zju.edu.cn/plic/.
Horses for courses: Plato’s vocabulary and authority in the Onomasticon
Authors: Zadorojnyi Alexei V 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Onomasticon by Julius Pollux is more than just a word-hoard: Pollux’s work actively mediates, through lexicographic appraisal, the cultural assets and anxieties of the Second Sophistic. In the light of the ongoing debate among the Imperial intellectuals and specifically Platonists about the value of style and diction as ingredients of the Platonic text, the numerous references to Plato’s vocabulary from across the Onomasticon bespeak an essentially coherent yet ambivalent attitude. Pollux cites Platonic words both appreciatively (at times, demonstrating reasonable awareness of the philosophical content) and critically; there is a tendency to characterize Plato’s lexical choices as strained and cavalier. As a case study of how Pollux deals with a famous Platonic passage that was held dear by the Middle Platonists and Imperial pepaideumenoi at large, his handling of the epithets used in the description of the two horses in the Chariot Allegory (Phdr. 253d–e) is examined.
An advanced protocol for profiling RNA-binding proteins in Arabidopsis using plant phase extraction
Authors: Zhang Yong , Xu Ye , Skaggs Todd H , Ferreira Jorge F S , Chen Xuemei , Sandhu Devinder 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players in regulating cell fate and essential developmental processes. Systematic profiling of the RNA-binding proteome (RBPome) is thus indispensable for researchers aiming to understand the mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene regulation. RBPome identification methods developed in humans, mice, and bacteria have successfully identified RBPomes in these organisms. However, the biochemical and genetic complexities of plant tissues have greatly hindered the effectiveness of these methods in plants. Moreover, plant RBPs have been predominantly discovered through oligo d(T) based affinity purification (RNA-interactome capture). Since polyadenylated RNA only accounts for less than 5% of the total RNA population in eukaryotic cells, there is a pressing need to develop a comprehensive, yet unbiased, method to capture the full spectrum of RBPs in plants. Here, we describe a detailed protocol of Plant Phase Extraction (PPE), a recently developed method to identify RBPs in Arabidopsis (Zhang Y, Xu Y, Skaggs TH, et al. Plant phase extraction: a method for enhanced discovery of the RNA-binding proteome and its dynamics in plants. Plant Cell 2023; 35: 2750–72.) [1]. The PPE method enables the efficient enrichment of both poly(A) and non-poly(A) RBPs from various tissues quickly and reproducibly. Most importantly, PPE allows for unveiling dynamic RBP–RNA interactions under various abiotic and biotic stress conditions and during different plant developmental stages. This provides a much broader and more accurate understanding of plant RBPs, marking a significant advancement in plant molecular biology.