bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nation‐wide cross‐sectional study of participation and predictors of enjoyment among Australian adult walking sport participants
Authors: Petersen Jasmine M , Connolly Cath J , Lewis Lucy K 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study examined participation and predictors of walking sports enjoyment among Australian adult walking sport participants. An online cross‐sectional survey assessed walking sport participation, enjoyment, and barriers and motives to participation. Physical activity behavior and motivations were also assessed. The sample comprised 294 walking sport participants (Mage = 62.9 ± 10.5 years). Participants engaged in a variety of walking sports (e.g., football, netball, and basketball) and largely did so one occasion per week (for ≤3 h). Our findings suggest that typically walking sport participants are female (60.1%), aged ≥60 years (54.7%), in married/de facto relationships (73.4%), reside in higher socioeconomic status areas, and are sufficiently active (i.e., ≥150 min of activity per week; 91.0%). The most endorsed barrier to walking sport participation was physical health (19.7%), while fun/enjoyment (90.5%) was the most endorsed motive. The regression analyses showed that gender (being female; β = 0.17), older age (≥60 years; β = −0.21), and intrinsic motivation for physical activity (β = 0.23) were significant predictors of walking sport enjoyment. Ongoing efforts to ensure that walking sports are a positive experience for all are necessary. The provision of walking sport offerings that integrate elements (e.g., social connectedness) known to be of value to specific subpopulations may be important to fostering enjoyment.
Exploring Pathways for Change: A Practice‐Oriented Integration of Foresight and Sustainability Transitions
Authors: Persson Björn Martin , Andersson Johnn , Forsberg Petter Bertilsson 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe world is on a trajectory to exceed the 1.5‐degree target set by the Paris Agreement. As the effects of climate change become increasingly evident, there is a pressing need to fundamentally transform our societies towards just and sustainable futures. This paper presents a practical methodology for guiding collaborative transformation processes towards sustainability. Our aim is to contribute to the development of tools that combine insights from foresight with theories from the sustainability transitions literature, specifically scenario planning and multi‐level perspective (MLP) approaches. Foresight and sustainability transitions both aim to understand long‐term trends shaping production and consumption systems and guide transitions to more desirable socio‐technical regimes. However, few scholars have examined overlaps between the fields and explored the potential for practical integration in workshop settings. The MLP can benefit from scenario planning by incorporating directionality and pluralism of futures in transition processes, while the MLP provides a structure for understanding system dynamics and socio‐technical change to scenario planning. In this paper, we share our experiences using an integrated MLP‐scenario planning framework in a workshop setting where actors from the Swedish food system explored prospective transitions. Using backcasting and pre‐mortem related to regime dimensions from the MLP, participants built a common understanding of events, barriers and pathways associated with four normative scenarios of sustainable food systems. Our results show that the MLP and scenario planning can be integrated and implemented on a practical level to facilitate dialogues on current regime lock‐ins and thereby pave the way for transformative change.
Characterization of Aroma Composition of Amomum tsaoko During the Drying Process Based on GC–MS
Authors: Wen Hui , Yang Meiquan , Xu Zongliang , Yang Tianmei , Zhang Jinyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAmomum tsaoko is an important spice and medicinal plant widely utilized in East and Southeast Asia. Non‐targeted metabolomics techniques were employed to study the variations in the content and composition of essential oil from A. tsaoko during drying at different temperatures: 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C. A total of 260 metabolites were detected using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), mainly terpenoids and aldehydes. Cineole, the most important component, accumulated abundantly in samples dried at 50°C. A higher temperature (70°C) was conducive to the accumulation of aldehydes. Overall, the optimal drying condition for A. tsaoko was determined to be 50°C for 50 h. In addition, nine differential metabolites were screened using variable important in projection and p value (VIP > 1 and p < 0.05), which may serve as potential flavor markers to differentiate various drying treatments of A. tsaoko. This study provides a novel perspective on understanding the dynamic metabolites changes during the drying process, and establishes a theoretical foundation for the refinement and high‐quality processing of A. tsaoko.
Evaluation of Theta EEG Neurofeedback Procedure for Cognitive Training Using Simultaneous fMRI in Counterbalanced Active‐Sham Study Design
Authors: Zotev Vadim , McQuaid Jessica R. , Robertson‐Benta Cidney R. , Hittson Anne K. , Wick Tracey V. , Nathaniel Upasana , Miller Samuel D. , Ling Josef M. , van der Horn Harm J. , Mayer Andrew R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEvaluation of mechanisms of action of EEG neurofeedback (EEG‐nf) using simultaneous fMRI is highly desirable to ensure its effective application for clinical rehabilitation and therapy. Counterbalancing training runs with active neurofeedback and sham (neuro)feedback for each participant is a promising approach to demonstrate specificity of training effects to the active neurofeedback. We report the first study in which EEG‐nf procedure is both evaluated using simultaneous fMRI and controlled via the counterbalanced active‐sham study design. Healthy volunteers (n = 18) used EEG‐nf to upregulate frontal theta EEG asymmetry (FTA) during fMRI while performing tasks that involved mental generation of a random numerical sequence and serial summation of numbers in the sequence. The FTA was defined as power asymmetry for channels F3 and F4 in [4–7] Hz band. Sham feedback was provided based on asymmetry of motion‐related artifacts. The experimental procedure included two training runs with the active EEG‐nf and two training runs with the sham feedback, in a randomized order. The participants showed significantly more positive FTA changes during the active EEG‐nf conditions compared to the sham conditions, associated with significantly higher theta EEG power changes for channel F3. Temporal correlations between the FTA and fMRI activities of prefrontal, parietal, and occipital brain regions were significantly enhanced during the active EEG‐nf conditions compared to the sham conditions. Temporal correlation between theta EEG power for channel F3 and fMRI activity of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was also significantly enhanced. Significant active‐vs‐sham difference in fMRI activations was observed for the left DLPFC. Our results demonstrate that mechanisms of EEG‐nf training can be reliably evaluated using the counterbalanced active‐sham study design and simultaneous fMRI.
Development and formative evaluation of website‐based tool to support healthy lifestyles in family day care
Authors: Tran Georgie , Kelly Bridget , Ryan Sarah T. , Hammersley Megan , Kerr Erin , Norman Jennifer , Leedham Mel , Vuong Cecilia , Wardle Karen , Syed Kainaat , Okely Anthony 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIssue AddressedNutrition and physical activity practices in Australian family day care are suboptimal. A web‐based tool was co‐developed with family day care service providers and educators, health promotion staff and the New South Wales Ministry of Health to promote healthier nutrition and physical activity practices through an existing quality improvement process.MethodsFormative evaluation was conducted in January–February 2023. An online survey included 13 questions relating to content, language, structure, ease of usage and participant satisfaction. Questions used Likert scales to rate participants' experience from poor to excellent. Tool usage data were extracted from the website to reflect user activity. Service providers (n = 3) and educators (n = 9) tested the tool for 4 weeks.ResultsSurvey questions were grouped into measures of perceived convenience, difficulty and helpfulness. All participants chose a rating of ‘good’ or ‘excellent’ across all questions, with a higher proportion of participants rating the questions as ‘excellent’. All participants used the tool at least once. Perceived value of research was the main theme that emerged from the open text feedback.ConclusionsResults suggest that the tool was feasible, easy to use and relevant to practice.So What?This is the first known tool designed for family day care to promote healthier nutrition and physical activity practices through an existing quality improvement process to implement change. An efficacy trial will follow to evaluate effectiveness. The tool is predicted to serve as a platform for identifying gaps between policy and practice and for facilitating practice improvements.
Challenges and Choices Amidst Military Conflict: The Present and Future of Medical Education and Healthcare in Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Sohaib Mohammed Mokhtar , Masaad Mohanned Bushra , Abdulrahman Mohamed Salah Abdulrazeg , Mohamedzain Elnazeir Mohamed Ibrahim 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe situation for medical education and healthcare in Sudan has been challenging for the recent years, and emigration of physicians is an ongoing problem threatening the healthcare system. We conducted this study to understand the future plans of medical students and their perceptions regarding their medical education and healthcare system.MethodWe performed this cross‐sectional study at five public and private Sudanese medical schools in November 2023. We distributed the questionnaire electronically through an Online Google Form via social media platforms, such as WhatsApp Messenger. Descriptive statistics were employed for the data analyses.ResultsThe mean age (±SD) of the students was 22.2 (±2.7) years, and females constituted 61.8% (397) of the study sample. About 18% of the students rated their medical training as excellent, and half of them (50%) said that it was good. Nearly half of the students believed the quality of healthcare services in hospitals was poor (46%) along with a shortage or severe shortage in its number (49%). A majority (58.4%) thought frequently or constantly about leaving Sudan after graduation. Reasons given for leaving included better personal lifestyle, avoiding conflict, advanced training, and better professional opportunities and salary. Leading motives for staying included the pull of friends and family and a sense of responsibility to the country.ConclusionThis study indicated the pressing need for comprehensive interventions to address the challenges faced by medical students in Sudan. The strong desire to emigrate increased by the current conflict, coupled with concerns about the healthcare system and medical education, poses a significant threat to the future of healthcare services in the region.
Sediment Load Variation in Typical Watersheds of the North–South Transitional Zone, China
Authors: Geng Ren , Zhang Peixuan , Tian Peng , Zhao Guangju , Shi Yu , Mu Xingmin , Xie Meixiang , Bi Bo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe north–south transitional zone (NSTZ) is a key geographic and ecological transition zone in China. The runoff and sediment load (SL) of rivers in this zone have changed significantly, directly influencing the ecological restoration and exploitation of water resources in water basins. The previous studies have focused on one water basin; however, few studies have systematically investigated the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of SL and their driving factors in the rivers of the entire zone. Thus, this study attempted to probe the spatiotemporal variation of SL and its contributing factors in the Han River basin (HRB), Jialing River basin (JRB) and the mainstream of the Wei River basin (WRB) in the transitional zone, using observed data from 56 representative hydrological stations in this region from 1961 to 2019. The results indicated that the annual SL decreased significantly during 1961–2019 at each hydrological station (p < 0.01). The SL of Xianyang, Huangzhuang and Beibei stations during 2010–2019 had decreased more than 83%, compared to that of the 1960s. The annual SL exhibited different abrupt change points, mainly occurred in the late 1960s and around the 1990s. The specific sediment yield (SSY) of the study area was lower in the east and higher in the west. Meanwhile, the SSY displayed a generally declining trend with time. Human activity was the leading contributing factor, accounting for greater than 94% of the total SL reduction. In summary, the SL reduction in the WRB was primarily affected by soil and water conservation practices, whereas it was related to ecological restoration projects and cascade reservoirs in the HRB and JRB. The results of this study are valuable for soil erosion control and comprehensive reclamation of river basins in different regions under complicated conditions worldwide.
IGF2BP2 Regulates the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease Through m6A‐Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Jingrui Wu , Haihui Yang , Jinjin Yan , Le Fang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecent studies show that N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the Alzheimer's disease (AD), while the mechanisms involved were studied insufficiently.AimsThe present study aimed to explore the effect of human insulin‐like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding proteins 2 (IGF2BP2), one of the m6A‐binding proteins on the progression of AD.Materials & MethodsThe mRNA and protein expression level were determined using RT‐qPCR and western blot, respectively. MTT assay was carried out to evaluate cell viability. The content of ROS, antioxidant enzymes, IL‐1β and pyroptosis, as well as m6A contents were determined using relative commercial kit. The AD models were built using Aβ1‐42 ‐stimulated hippocampal neuron in vitro and AD mice in vivo.ResultsOur results showed that IGF2BP2 was significantly upregulated in the Aβ1‐42 ‐stimulated hippocampal neuron. IGF2BP2 inhibition reversed the decreased cell viability and the increased cell apoptosis induced by Aβ1‐42. IGF2BP2 siRNA transfection alleviated Aβ1‐42 induced pyroptosis and pyroptosis‐related proteins upregulation. we also found that IGF2BP2 inhibition downregulated the expression of NLRP3 through m6A methylation. Furthermore, overexpression of NLRP3 partly reversed the effect of IGF2BP2 inhibition on Aβ1‐42 ‐induced hippocampal neuron injury. In addition, IGF2BP2 improved cognitive function and alleviated Aβ1‐42 neuronal injury in vivo.ConclusionKnockdown of IGF2BP2 inhibit neuronal damage and pyroptosis in the hippocampus cells, and improve cognitive function in AD partly through m6A‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome.
In situ detection of piRNA‐651 in exosomes and cells for cancer diagnosis by a new gold nanoparticle nucleic acid probe
Authors: Gao Qin‐Xin , Wu Qian‐Qian , Dong Zhi‐Ying , Qin Xiao‐Yuan , Zhai Lin‐Yan , Xie Bao‐Ping , Duan Wen‐Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIncreasing studies have demonstrated that PIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in circulating exosomes can serve as novel molecular biomarkers for tumor liquid biopsy. However, methods for in situ detection of piRNAs encased in exosomes are limited. In this study, we designed a spherical nucleic acid probe named piR‐651, which can enter exosomes simply by incubating with them for 2 h and in situ detect piR‐651 with a detection limit of 5 × 107 particles/μL. Based on this probe, we established a liquid biopsy method for the in situ detection of piR‐651 in plasma exosomes. The assay could distinguish the expression levels of piR‐651 between 21 breast cancer patients and 22 healthy individuals. The receiver operating characteristic curve shows an area under the curve as 0.9931 and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity at the best cutoff are 85.7% and 100%, respectively. The probe can also easily perform in situ imaging of piR‐651 in living cells. To avoid low sensitivity and kinetics in detecting large‐sized PIWI‐interacting RNA complexes, we rationally designed the structure and detection scheme of piR‐651 probe, which was synthesized by modifying 13‐nm gold particles with high‐density Anchor‐Report DNA duplexes through the butanol dehydration method. The new design of the gold nanoparticle nucleic acid probe can be applied to the fabrication of nucleic acid probes targeting other large‐volume nucleic acids for developing more molecular biomarker‐based liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis.
Impact of the Timing of First Irrigation and Subsequent Irrigation Schedules on Direct‐Seeded Furrow‐Irrigated Basmati Rice: Crop Growth, Productivity, Water Balance and Profitability
Authors: Kaur Diljeet , Singh Angrej , Sindhu Vinay Kumar , Singh Kanwar Barjinder 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAddressing food security and water scarcity calls for the cultivation of rice with improved productivity while minimizing water use. To assess the impact of planting techniques and irrigation schedules on the grain yield and water productivity of direct‐seeded basmati rice (DSBR), a 2‐year field experiment was conducted. This study tested whether (1) broad beds (90:30 cm) would increase water productivity and yield compared with conventional beds (37.5:30 cm) and (2) delaying the first irrigation and optimizing schedules would improve water efficiency without reducing yield. A split‐plot design was used with planting techniques (conventional and broad beds) and the timing of the first irrigation (7 and 14 DAS) in the main plots, whereas subsequent irrigation schedules (IW/ETc values of 1.50, 1.75 and 2.0) were tested in the subplots. The results revealed that increasing the bed width did not significantly impact yield. Delaying the first irrigation saved 59 mm (5%) of water and reduced deep drainage by 107 mm (9%) without affecting yield or actual ET. Subsequent irrigation scheduling at IW/ETc ratios of 1.75 and 2.0 increased the grain yield by 10%–15% compared with 1.50 IW/ETc. Nonetheless, an IW/ETc of 1.75 saved approximately 17% of the irrigation water compared with an IW/ETc of 2.0, reducing the cultivation cost by US$ 30.2–43.8 ha−1 while maintaining a similar grain yield.
If we build it, will they come? Exploring feasibility of community pharmacy diabetes care services
Authors: Nuffer Wesley , Gallegos Deborah , Segerstrom‐Nunez Andrea , Schwander Kelsey 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPharmacists have been well established for their role in diabetes care services, both in improving patient health outcomes as well as decreasing overall costs of care. The community pharmacy environment is currently challenging, and there are efforts to transform these practices to become more patient‐centered. There are two standardized programs, the diabetes self‐management education and support program and the national diabetes prevention program, that are available for pharmacists to deliver in the community setting. These programs offer some revenue generation for services but pose some challenges in their delivery as well. Exploring facilitators and barriers to these programs, and to diabetes care services in general, with a focus on community pharmacy practice, is important. Revenue generation needs to offset personnel cost and justify the resources dedicated to expand community practice beyond traditional dispensing. Further payer reform, likely with integrating medical billing, is essential for further progress to be made in this area.
Extracellular vesicles promote the infection and pathogenicity of Japanese encephalitis virus
Authors: Xiong Junyao , Yang Ling'en , Nan Xiaowei , Zhu Shuo , Yan Mengxue , Xiang Shengxian , Zhang Luping , Li Qi , Yang Chengjie , Wang Xugang , Wei Ning , Chen Huanchun , Si Youhui , Cao Shengbo , Ye Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractJapanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a neurotropic zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to public health. Currently, there is no specific therapeutic agent available for JEV infection, primarily due to the complexity of its infection mechanism and pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been known to play an important role in viral infection, but their specific functions in JEV infection remain unknown. Here, ultracentrifugation in combination with density gradient centrifugation was conducted to purify EVs from JEV‐infected cells. The purified EVs were found to be infectious, with virions observed inside the EVs. Furthermore, our study showed the formation process of virion‐containing EVs both in vitro and in vivo, which involved the fusion of multivesicular bodies with the cell membrane, leading to the release of virion‐containing intraluminal vesicles into the extracellular space. Further studies revealed that EVs played a crucial role in JEV propagation by facilitating viral entry and assembly‐release. Furthermore, EVs assisted JEV in evading the neutralizing antibodies and promoted viral capability to cross the blood‐brain and placental barriers. Moreover, in vivo experiments demonstrated that EVs were beneficial for JEV infection and pathogenicity. Taken together, our findings highlight the significant contribution of EVs in JEV infection and provide valuable insights into JEV pathogenesis.
The Complexity of Decomposing a Graph into a Matching and a Bounded Linear Forest
Authors: Banerjee Agnijo , Marciano João Pedro , Mond Adva , Petr Jan , Portier Julien 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDeciding whether a graph can be edge‐decomposed into a matching and a ‐bounded linear forest was recently shown by Campbell, Hörsch, and Moore to be nonedeterministic Polynomial time (NP)‐complete for every , and solvable in polynomial time for . In the first part of this paper, we close this gap by showing that this problem is NP‐complete for every . In the second part of the paper, we show that deciding whether a graph can be edge‐decomposed into a matching and a ‐bounded star forest is polynomially solvable for any , answering another question by Campbell, Hörsch, and Moore from the same paper.
Efficacy of mapping biopsy using a novel sheath system for the histological diagnosis of superficial ductal spread in distal cholangiocarcinoma: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Okuno Mitsuru , Iwata Keisuke , Mukai Tsuyoshi , Iwashita Takuji , Tanaka Takuji , Maruta Akinori , Kawashima Keisuke , Yasuda Ichiro , Moriwaki Hisataka , Shimizu Masahito 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundMapping biopsy (MB) can evaluate superficial ductal spread (SDS) through the histopathological diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, enabling the selection of an appropriate surgical procedure. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy of MB using a novel sheath system in distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA) cases.MethodsA total of 199 cholangiocarcinoma cases underwent preoperative diagnosis. Among them, 40, 21, and 26 cases underwent direct, sheath, and peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) MB, respectively, for dCCA. Each group was compared regarding their technical success rate and the diagnostic accuracy for SDS.ResultsAlthough all cases achieved technical success, the median procedure time of POCS (48‐min) tended to be longer than direct (33‐min) and sheath MB (30‐min) (p overall = .092). Diagnostic specificity and accuracy were significantly higher in the sheath group (95.2%, 95.2%) compared to the direct (71.0%, 70.0%) and POCS (60.9%, 57.7%) MB groups (p overall = .019 and .0094). Multivariate analysis revealed that the sheath MB group was an independent significant factor for the accurate margin diagnosis (OR 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01–0.86, p = .0358).ConclusionsThe sheath MB method provided the most accurate histopathological diagnosis of SDS in dCCA. To obtain a larger tissue sample and avoid tumor cell contamination, sheath MB is worth performing to assess the accuracy of the preoperative SDS diagnosis.