bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Extremely Rare Serovar of Salmonella Enterica (Yopougon) Discovered in a Western Whip Snake (Hierophis Viridiflavus) From Montecristo Island, Italy: Case Report and Review
Authors: Bene Andrea Francesco , Russini Valeria , Corradini Carlo , Vita Silvia , Pecchi Sabrina , Marchis Maria Laura , Terracciano Giuliana , Focardi Claudia , Montemaggiori Alessandro , Zuffi Marco A. L. , Weill François-Xavier , Bossù Teresa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Reptiles, including snakes, can be asymptomatically infected with multiple pathogen microorganisms, including Salmonella spp., which is considered an important concern for public and animal health. Small and uninhabited isles are quite ecologically different from mainland and represent interesting fields of study, in order to discover unexpected biological and microbiological aspects of their wild inhabitants. This work reports the presence of a very rare Salmonella enterica serotype, Yopougon, isolated in a carcass of a native wild snake (Hierophis viridiflavus) from an Italian uninhabited island of Mediterranean Sea, Montecristo. To our knowledge, S. enterica serotype Yopougon was previously isolated only once thirty-four years earlier in Ivory Coast, from a human fecal sample. Here, we present the genomic characterization of the new isolate, the phylogenetic comparison with the previously isolated S. enterica serotype Yopougon strain of human origin and with other sequences available in public databases. In addition, an extensive review of available data in the literature and from our case history is provided. Our finding represents an example of the ability of some pathogens to travel for very long distances within their hosts and then to infect others, even from different taxa.
Carboxylic acid reductase-dependent biosynthesis of eugenol and related allylphenols
Authors: Hanko Erik K. R. , Valdehuesa Kris Niño G. , Verhagen Koen J. A. , Chromy Jakub , Stoney Ruth A. , Chua Jeremy , Yan Cunyu , Roubos Johannes A. , Schmitz Joep , Breitling Rainer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background

(Hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohols and allylphenols, including coniferyl alcohol and eugenol, are naturally occurring aromatic compounds widely utilised in pharmaceuticals, flavours, and fragrances. Traditionally, the heterologous biosynthesis of (hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohols from (hydroxy)cinnamic acids involved CoA-dependent activation of the substrate. However, a recently explored alternative pathway involving carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) has proven efficient in generating the (hydroxy)cinnamyl aldehyde intermediate without the need for CoA activation. In this study, we investigated the application of the CAR pathway for whole-cell bioconversion of a range of (hydroxy)cinnamic acids into their corresponding (hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohols. Furthermore, we sought to extend the pathway to enable the production of a variety of allylphenols and allylbenzene.

Results

By screening the activity of several heterologously expressed enzymes in crude cell lysates, we identified the combination of Segniliparus rugosus CAR (SrCAR) and Medicago sativa cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (MsCAD2) as the most efficient enzymatic cascade for the two-step reduction of ferulic acid to coniferyl alcohol. To optimise the whole-cell bioconversion in Escherichia coli, we implemented a combinatorial approach to balance the gene expression levels of SrCAR and MsCAD2. This optimisation resulted in a coniferyl alcohol yield of almost 100%. Furthermore, we extended the pathway by incorporating coniferyl alcohol acyltransferase and eugenol synthase, which allowed for the production of eugenol with a titre of up to 1.61 mM (264 mg/L) from 3 mM ferulic acid. This improvement in titre surpasses previous achievements in the field employing a CoA-dependent coniferyl alcohol biosynthesis pathway. Our study not only demonstrated the successful utilisation of the CAR pathway for the biosynthesis of diverse (hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohols, such as p-coumaryl alcohol, caffeyl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol, from their corresponding (hydroxy)cinnamic acid precursors but also extended the pathway to produce allylphenols, including chavicol, hydroxychavicol, and methoxyeugenol. Notably, the microbial production of methoxyeugenol from sinapic acid represents a novel achievement.

Conclusion

The combination of SrCAR and MsCAD2 enzymes offers an efficient enzymatic cascade for the production of a wide array of (hydroxy)cinnamyl alcohols and, ultimately, allylphenols from their respective (hydroxy)cinnamic acids. This expands the range of value-added molecules that can be generated using microbial cell factories and creates new possibilities for applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, flavours, and fragrances. These findings underscore the versatility of the CAR pathway, emphasising its potential in various biotechnological applications.
Confiding in Family Members about Mental and Physical Problems Could Improve the Mental Health of Evacuees: The Fukushima Health Management Survey
Authors: Horikoshi Naoko , Maeda Masaharu , Mizuki Rie , Murakami Michio , Iwasa Hajime , Yasumura Seiji 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
After the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in 2011, many victims experienced widespread evacuation away from their hometowns and family separation, affecting community social support. Affected individuals who have no one to communicate their concerns with could be at a high risk of psychological distress. Additionally, their families who provide guidance or encouragement are considered important sources of support. Therefore, we focused on evacuees confiding in family members and aimed to identify their relationship with psychological distress.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire for those aged ≥ 16 years. Poisson regression analysis was used to examine the association between psychological distress and having family members to confide in.
Results
The risk ratio (RR) by sex and age group was also examined. A regression analysis showed that the psychological distress of participants was significantly associated with having no family members to confide in, with an RR of 1.33 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.25–1.42. The RR by sex was 1.40 (95%CI:1.29–1.53) for women and 1.24 (95%CI:1.12–1.37) for men. Among the four age groups (16–25, 26–39, 40–64, and ≥ 65 years), RRs were generally higher in younger age groups (RR: 1.53, 1.88, 1.39, and 1.21; 95%CI: 1.12–2.07, 1.51–2.33, 1.25–1.54, and 1.10–1.33, respectively).
Conclusion
Among evacuees who had access to support, those who did not confide in their families were more likely to have mental health problems. Therefore, early identification of such high-risk individuals can help mitigate them.
Enhancing Biometric Characters of Perennial Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Treated by Potassium Silicate and Vinasse Grown under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Rady Mahmoud S. , Ghoneim Ibrahim M. , Feleafel Mostafa N. , Hassan Shimaa M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Greenhouses are essential for ensuring a steady supply of high-quality vegetables like peppers, addressing global food security. Producers rely on innovative biostimulants to enhance plant growth in these controlled environments for cultivating crops effectively. This study aimed to investigate the impact of potassium silicate (PS) and vinasse treatments on the yield and biochemical constituents of perennial pepper plants cultivated in greenhouse conditions. For two consecutive seasons [2018/2019 and 2019/2020], pepper plants were sprayed by PS (0, 0.5, and 1 g/l) and drenched by vinasse (0, 1, 2, and 3 l/m3). To estimate the impact of PS and vinasse on the growth, yield, and biochemical constituents of pepper plants, fresh and dry biomasses, potential fruit yield, and some biochemical constituents were evaluated. Results revealed that 0.5 g/l of PS coupled with vinasse at 3 l/m³ generated the most remarkable enhancements in terms of plant biomasses, total leaf area, total yield, and fruit weight across both growing seasons. The implementation of vinasse at 3 l/m³ with 0.5 and 1 g/l of PS showcased the most pronounced augmentation in leaf contents encompassing chlorophyll index, nitrogen, and potassium, alongside improved fruit quality of total soluble solid and ascorbic acid contents. By leveraging these strategies, growers can significantly enhance plant growth potential, ultimately maximizing the production of superior sweet peppers.
An Early Detection Model For Social Media Rumors Considering Users' Emotional Characteristics
Authors: Xu Yong , Li Xiaoyu , Wang Hengna , Wang Xue’er , Abisado Mideth 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Rumors in social media platform seriously affect social order and daily life. Aiming at the problem of early rumor detection in social media, this paper proposes a rumor early detection model, REDM, which integrates the historical behavior characteristics and emotional characteristics of UGC publishing subject users in social media. Firstly, the user feature index system of social media was constructed from the perspectives of basic features and user historical behavior features Fo, semantic features Fs and emotional features Fe of UGC corpus. Secondly, according to the UGC corpus released by user history, three behavioral characteristics of user history emotional tendency, emotional fluctuation and credit degree are calculated. Then, BERT model and CNN model were used to extract semantic features and emotion features of UGC corpus. Considering the temporal characteristics of UGC propagation, the RNN model was used for sequence modeling. Fs' , Fe' and Fo' obtained by fine-tuning Fo, Fs and Fe respectively are splicing into a single UGC corpus feature Fall, the characteristics of Fall_1, Fall_2, …, Fall_N of UGC corpus t1, t2, …, tN are entered into LSTM at each time to realize early rumor detection task. The experimental results show that the detection accuracy of the model proposed in this paper is better than other baseline models. The accuracy rate increased by 1.7% and the recall increased by 3.78%. At the same time, the rumor event detection in the early stage, less relevant posts context can also have a better performance.
Bilateral upper limb robot-assisted rehabilitation improves upper limb motor function in stroke patients: a study based on Quantitative EEG
Authors: Tang Congzhi , Zhou Ting , Zhang Yun , Yuan Runping , Zhao Xianghu , Yin Ruian , Song Pengfei , Liu Bo , Song Ruyan , Chen Wenli , Wang Hongxing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Upper limb dysfunction after stroke seriously affects quality of life. Bilateral training has proven helpful in recovery of upper limb motor function in these patients. However, studies evaluating the effectiveness of bilateral upper limb robot-assisted training on improving motor function and quality of life in stroke patients are lacking. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) is noninvasive, simple, and monitors cerebral cortical activity, which can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. In this study, EEG was used to evaluate the effect of end-drive bilateral upper extremity robot-assisted training on upper extremity functional recovery in stroke patients.
Methods
24 stroke patients with hemiplegia were randomly divided into a conventional training (CT, n = 12) group or a bilateral upper limb robot-assisted training (BRT, n = 12) group. All patients received 60 minutes of routine rehabilitation treatment including rolling, transferring, sitting, standing, walking, etc per day, six days a week, for three consecutive weeks. The BRT group added 30 minutes of bilateral upper limb robot-assisted training per day, while the CT group added 30 minutes of upper limb training (routine occupational therapy) per day, six days a week, for three weeks. The primary outcome index to evaluate upper limb motor function was the Fugl-Meyer functional score upper limb component (FMA-UE), with the secondary outcome of activities of daily living (ADL), assessed by the modified Barthel index (MBI) score. Quantitative EEG was used to evaluate functional brain connectivity as well as alpha and beta power current source densities of the brain.
Results
Significant (p < 0.05) within-group differences were found in FMA-UE and MBI scores for both groups after treatment. A between-group comparison indicated the MBI score of the BRT group was significantly different from that of the CT group, whereas the FMA-UE score was not significantly different from that of the CT group after treatment. The differences of FMA-UE and MBI scores before and after treatment in the BRT group were significantly different as compared to the CT group. In addition, beta rhythm power spectrum energy was higher in the BRT group than in the CT group after treatment. Functional connectivity in the BRT group, under alpha and beta rhythms, was significantly increased in both the bilateral frontal and limbic lobes as compared to the CT group.
Conclusions
BRT outperformed CT in improving ADL in stroke patients within three months, and BRT facilitates the recovery of upper limb function by enhancing functional connectivity of the bilateral cerebral hemispheres.
Evaluation of Isotretinoin effects on depression, sleep apnea and sleep quality
Authors: Orenay Ozge Mine , Temel Berkay , Capci Arcan Kivanc , Bal Zulal Inci , Karaosmanoglu Nermin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Isotretinoin is used to treat severe acne, treatment-resistant moderate acne and acne that leads to scarring or psychological distress. It has many side effects and is also associated with depression, sleep apnea and sleep disturbances.
Objectives
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of isotretinoin on depression, sleep apnea and sleep quality.
Methods
A total of 42 patients diagnosed with acne and started isotretinoin treatment were included in the study. At baseline and after three months of treatment, patients filled out a questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in order to compare the effects of isotretinoin.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference in BDI, BQ and PSQI scores between week 0 and week 12 of treatment (p = 0.53, p = 0.5, p = 0.035).
Conclusion
This study showed no association between the use of isotretinoin and depression and sleep quality.
Microbial influences on black soldier fly reproduction: A focus on egg surface colonization
Authors: Heussler Carina Desirée , Klammsteiner Thomas , Stonig Katharina T. , Insam Heribert , Schlick-Steiner Birgit C. , Steiner Florian M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The growing global population increases the demand for protein, while the management of organic waste is becoming more challenging. Alternative protein sources are needed to reduce the negative environmental impact of food production. Lately, the black soldier fly (BSF) has been proposed as an ideal animal protein substitute due to its ability to consume and reduce diverse organic waste, thus solving two problems at the same time. Mass-rearing of BSF depends on flourishing reproduction, which is influenced by environmental and physiological factors. BSF females oviposit egg clutches near decomposing organic matter and conspecific eggs, with studies highlighting the crucial role of microorganisms in oviposition. In this study, we focus on the surface microbiota of the egg and its origin. We investigated if the microbiota are inoculated before, during, or actively after oviposition. For this purpose, we analysed the microbiota in the haemolymph and gut of larvae raised on sterilized and non-sterilized feed, the pupal cell pulp, the wash of the egg-laying apparatus and the eggs directly collected after oviposition, the ovarian eggs and the empty female abdomen, the eggs with contact to adult BSF, and sterilized eggs to assess the stage in BSF development during which the microbial colonization of the egg surface occurs.
Results
Our analysis revealed distinct bacterial profiles across life stages, indicating a shift from larval dominance of Enterobacteriaceae to a dominance of Burkholderiaceae on all analysed eggs. On genus level, larval stages were characterized by Morganella sp., Escherichia sp., and Proteus sp., transitioning later to less diverse communities in egg samples predominated by Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia sp. While eggs from clutches and directly collected from the ovipositor generated viable offspring, surface sterilized eggs and eggs dissected from the ovary turned out to be nonviable. In microbiological cultivation trials, the established sterilization protocol was shown to be effective in removing viable microorganisms from the egg’s surface.
Conclusion
Our study reveals that while a predominant microbiota persists throughout all life stages, its composition undergoes a progressive transformation during maturation, particularly before oviposition. Gaining deeper insights into egg surface microbiota and the cues guiding oviposition has the potential to boost egg production and simplify mass harvesting of BSF larvae.
Frequency pushing enhanced by an exceptional point in an atom-cavity coupled system
Authors: Lee Joohye , Kim Jinuk , An Kyungwon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We observed the frequency pushing of the cavity resonance as a result of the coupling of the cavity field with the ground state 138Ba in a high-Q cavity. A weak probe laser propagated along the axis of a Fabry-Pérot cavity while ground-state barium atoms traversed the cavity mode perpendicularly. By operating the atom-cavity composite in the vicinity of an exceptional point, we could observe a greatly enhanced frequency shift of the cavity transmission peak, which was pushed away from the atomic resonance, resulting in up to 41±7 kHz frequency shift per atom from the cold cavity resonance. We analyzed our results by using the Maxwell-Schrödinger equation and obtained good agreement with the measurements.
Affirmative Action Policies and Interracial Marriage
Authors: Chen Shiyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between affirmative action policies and race relations by examining how interracial marriage patterns change in response to the enactment of state affirmative action laws. Specifically, this paper exploits time and state variation in initiating affirmative action laws along with fact that state affirmative action policies only directly affect public-sector employees to estimate a triple difference model. I find that the probability of a white male public-sector employee having a black wife increases by 0.08 percentage points if he married in a year when there was an affirmative action policy in place in his state of residence. Furthermore, affirmative action policies do not appear to affect the likelihood of white females marry black males nor the likelihood that black females marry white males. Taken together, these results suggest that affirmative action laws improve race relations but with important gender and racial differences.
JEL codes: J12 J78
Numerical simulation analysis of capacitive pressure sensors based on porous pyramidal microstructures
Authors: Javidi Reza , Zand Mahdi Moghimi , Majd Sara Alizadeh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Flexible wearable pressure sensors with high sensitivity have a wide range of applications in the field of healthcare monitoring, e-skin technology, robotic limbs, and other human-machine interaction under low pressures. For very low pressures, a sensor with high sensitivity and bulky, expensive measuring equipment is required to obtain the output signal. The incorporation of a micro-pyramidal porous dielectric section can considerably enhance the sensitivity of the capacitance-based pressure sensor. This article has employed a finite element method-based three-dimensional simulation to assess the performance of the porous microstructured capacitive pressure sensor (pmcps). The numerical results revealed a high level of agreement with the experimental data. To simplify the design and fabrication of the sensor with optimal performance, the effects of parameters such as sensor dielectric constant, dielectric layer porosity, base length, tip width, height, and inter-microstructural spacing of porous micro-pyramids were investigated using the response surface methodology. Sensitivity analysis showed that the tip width of the micro-pyramid has the greatest effect on sensor sensitivity and the least effect on the initial capacitance. Finally, equations were proposed for predicting the initial capacitance and sensor sensitivity based on the geometric parameters of the porous micro-pyramid and intrinsic properties of the dielectric section using three-dimensional finite element simulation to facilitate the ability to predict the fabrication and design process of the pmcps and optimize its performance for different applications.
Deforming reducible representations of surface and 2-orbifold groups
Authors: Porti Joan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
For a compact 2-orbifold with negative Euler characteristic $\mathcal O^2$, the variety of characters of $\pi_1(\mathcal O^2)$ in $\mathrm{SL}_{n}(\mathbb R)$ is a non-singular manifold at $\mathbb C$-irreducible representations. In this paper we prove that when a $\mathbb C$-irreducible representation of $\pi_1(\mathcal O^2)$ in $\mathrm{SL}_{n}(\mathbb R)$ is viewed in $\mathrm{SL}_{n+1}(\mathbb R)$, then the variety of characters is singular, and we describe the singularity.
A previously unrecognized peculiarity of late-life human mortality kinetics?
Authors: Golubev A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The late-life mortality kinetics in several species features the deceleration of mortality rate increase with age, which in humans starts at ca. 90 years. Being analyzed based on the Gompertz law µ(t)=µ0*e^gt with its inbuilt linearity of the dependency of lnµ(t) on t, this feature is interpreted as reflecting the heterogeneity of a population where the frailer subjects die out earlier thus increasing the proportion of those whose dying out is slower and leading to a decrease in the demographic (actuarial) rate of aging. Using Human Mortality Database data related to France, Sweden and Japan in the periods 2020 and 1920 and to the cohorts born in 1920, it is shown in the present communication that the putative deceleration of the demographic (actuarial) rate of aging in humans is preceded by an acceleration, which starts at about 65 years, reaches a peak, which at about 85 years is ca. 30% higher than the pre-acceleration level, and decelerates thereafter until 90 years at least, when the pre-acceleration level is reached. This peculiarity cannot be explained with the predominant dying out of frailer subjects at earlier ages. Its plausible explanation may be the real acceleration of the (averaged) biological aging in humans at ages above 65-70 years, which conspicuously coincide with retirement. The biological implications of this finding are discussed in terms of the generalized Gomperts-Makeham law µ(t)=C(t)+µ0e^f(t). In particular, the deceleration of mortality increase in the oldest-old subjects may be contributed to by the actual biological deceleration of aging.