bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Statistics Transformation: Understanding the population through the production of income by ethnicity statistics from administrative data
Authors: Harkrader Joanna , Bellham Michelle , Pendleton Samantha , Morgan Alison , Pearce Joe , Stennard Emily 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThe lack of an income question on the Census has meant the production of multivariate income by ethnicity statistics has not been possible in census outputs to date. Our ambition is to provide individual-level records for every member of the usually resident population of England and Wales using admin data.
MethodExciting progress has been made in the development of admin-based characteristics measures, including the ongoing feasibility research to produce admin-based datasets on ethnic group and income. Demonstrated improved results include the coverage of the population steadily increasing and methods to create these datasets gradually improving.
Access to these record-level administrative datasets has allowed us to combine admin-based income and ethnicity measures developed in previous research, linking individuals between the two. We review the coverage of the combined dataset and the feasibility of producing multivariate statistics at subnational levels in England and Wales for the first time.
ResultsThis presentation will showcase our innovative progress so far. By combining admin-based income and admin-based ethnicity datasets, we established an income and a stated ethnicity for 77.1% of people in England and 82.1% of people in Wales aged 16 years and over in the admin-based Statistical Population Dataset (our population base).
For the first time, we have produced income percentiles for ethnic groups at different levels of geography in England and Wales including national figures, regional figures and figures for local authorities and lower layer super output areas; although statistical disclosure control means that some of the figures have been suppressed.
We will highlight some of the challenges in using administrative data sources to produce these statistics and in assessing their statistical quality.
ConclusionOur research developing these statistics is truly novel and shows much promise. Future work will include research to improve the univariate admin-based measures that are used, to continue to explore the limitations of the combined dataset, to explore the data by occupied address, and explore methods to adjust for missingness.
Adversity in childhood and later involvement in serious violent crime
Authors: Teyhan Alison , Cornish Rosie , Tilling Kate , Macleod John , Brennan Iain 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo use longitudinal birth cohort data linked to police records to examine whether the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and police-recorded serious violence depends on the type, timing or duration of ACEs.
MethodsThe sample are 5070 participants (born 1991-1992) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children who allowed linkage to Avon and Somerset (A&S) local police data, lived in A&S from age 16-24 years, and had exposure and confounder data. The binary outcome (no, yes) is having a police record for a serious violence (SV) offence from age 16-24. ACEs were parent-reported from birth to age 11 and include measures of parental physical and emotional abuse. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between the timing of different ACEs and SV, adjusted for child sex, ethnicity, and family socioeconomic position.
Results6% of the participants had experienced physical abuse, 17% emotional abuse, and 121 individuals (2.4%) had at least one SV record. In adjusted models, there was evidence of an association between physical (OR 1.90, 95% 1.08-3.35) but not emotional (0.96, 0.60-1.54) abuse and risk of SV. Results suggest that those who experienced physical abuse in both early (<4 years) and later (4-11 years) childhood, or later childhood only, might have been at greater risk of SV than those who experienced it only during early childhood, although numbers were small and confidence intervals were consequently wide.
ConclusionResults to date suggest that associations with SV differ between ACE types, and that timing may be important. In our presentation, we will also present findings for other ACEs.
Equalities analysis of post-pandemic results in general and vocational and technical qualifications
Authors: Lee Ming Wei , Rama Dovile , Johnson Kathryn 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesWe exploited linked administrative data to study attainment gaps in GCSEs, A level, and vocational and technical qualifications. Our aim was to compare how grades for groups of students with different protected characteristics and socio-economic status have changed in 2022 compared to previous years.
MethodsWe used a multilevel regression modelling to evaluate the impact of each demographic and socio-economic characteristic on students’ results, once other factors are controlled for. The purpose was to examine how the relationship between students’ attainment and their characteristics has changed between 2018 and 2022. The characteristics analysed were:

ethnicity
gender
special educational needs and disabilities statusfree school meal eligibility
Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index score
prior attainment
first language
region
centre type

We collected results and prior attainment data from awarding organisations and linked it with data from the Individual Learner Record and the National Pupil Database.
ResultsOf the many different comparisons between groups of students, the majority showed no notable change in attainment gaps in 2022, compared with both pandemic and pre-pandemic years. Some degree of minor fluctuation is always to be expected.
Attainment gaps and changes over time differ across qualifications. At A level, the analysis highlighted some key changes in results in relation to gender (the difference between boys and girls reversed during the pandemic), ethnicity and school and/or college type.
At GCSE, the analysis showed notable changes for ethnicity, with Gypsy and Roma students narrowing the gap compared to White British students, school and/or college type and socio-economic background.
For vocational and technical qualifications, we found fewer notable changes than for GCSEs and A levels.
ConclusionThe use of linked administrative data helped to gain better insights in attainment gap changes over time. Many gaps remained the same, some gaps widened, and others narrowed. The findings make it difficult to draw firm conclusions about the cause of these differences, many of which existed before the pandemic.
Linking and reanalysis of educational experiments with administrative data: Findings and impact
Authors: Sutherland Alex 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThis project combined administrative data with completed randomised controlled trials to understand whether educational interventions led to additional benefits or costs beyond those initially evaluated. The purpose of the project was to demonstrate that this can be done, the value of such work, and what needs to happen next to embed such approaches.
MethodsWe reviewed the Education Endowment Foundation trials database for studies that could plausibly link to other outcomes: exclusion / suspension from school, criminal conviction, or being Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEET). After shortlisting we intended to link at least one trial to different administrative datasets containing these outcomes.
We undertook three other tasks:

Understanding barriers to data sharing within government from a behavioural perspective and proposed solutions to those challenges.
Reviewing theories of change for some interventions to assess whether/how there could be pathways to the outcomes we were looking at.
Asking intervention developers and evaluators for their predictions and rationales for possible impacts on other outcomes, without them knowing the results from reanalysis.ResultsWe were successful in linking more than 30 completed trials to new outcome data. In some instances we were able to recover more outcome data than the original study through the use of administrative data. We then reanalysed these trials to assess the impact of these interventions on alternative outcomes.

We also developed an approach to creating low-fidelity synthetic data to allow for more and easier data sharing by data owners, as well as proposing an asymmetric approach to linkage that can speed up results.
ConclusionIn some instances, seemingly negative and positive impacts of interventions that would otherwise not be known were observed. Beyond the results of the reanalysis, which prompted recommendations to a major funder, the project contributed to shaping processes for accessing administrative data, started conversations within government and other data owners about synthetic data, as well as providing a demonstration project for data linkage and reuse.
Statistical transformation of the population and social statistics system
Authors: Blackwell Louisa , Webber Dom 
Published: September 2023

This presentation describes the proposed population and social statistics system, built around the Dynamic Population Model (DPM). The current population estimation system relies on the census. This provides granular data every 10 years, but the quality of population estimates declines between census years. The new system will deliver high quality population statistics, every year.
The DPM is a modelling approach which follows the cohort component method. It uses various data sources to measure population counts and components of population change, producing a coherent set of estimates. We use the DPM to produce admin-based population estimates for mid-year 2011 to 2022 for all local authorities in England and Wales. For international migration, we replace survey-based methods with administrative data. Rather than survey-based migration intentions, we estimate migration using observed activity.
The Coronavirus pandemic underlined the need for more timely population estimates. The DPM allows us to publish early, provisional estimates which are confirmed as the data feeds being used mature. In February 2023 we published research statistics for 2011-2022 mid-year population estimates, four months ahead of the date scheduled for the publication of the equivalent national statistics. We demonstrated the need to incorporate into the model a robust coverage adjustment method. Research is currently under way to optimise the coverage adjustment data and methods.
Our international migration estimates use different data sources and methods for each nationality grouping. We currently publish estimates on immigration, emigration and net migration for non-EU, EU and British nationals.
Transformation of the population and social statistics system will produce more timely and coherent estimates to better meet user needs. Flexible by design, our system will be able to reliably adapt to changes in social behaviour, changes in the data available for estimation and changes in users’ statistical needs.
Ethical pinch-points: Effectively communicating ethical consideration in research design
Authors: Short Matt 
Published: September 2023

This presentation aims to communicate the first two year’s work of the UK Statistic Authority’s Centre for Applied Data Ethics (CADE), present key ethical considerations to researchers working with population, administrative and other secondary data, and describe the innovative methods that have been used to review over 700 pieces of research in those two years.
The CADE was established in February 2021 with the aim of enabling researchers and statisticians, both within government and outside of it, to effectively address potential ethical issues in their use of data for the public good. To assist researchers in practically applying data stewardship principles to their research, an ethics self-assessment tool has been developed. The ethics self-assessment process aims to offer researchers an easy-to-use framework to review the ethics of their own projects throughout the research cycle, whilst promoting a culture of “ethics by design”.
In two years’ worth of use, the self-assessment tool has been widely adopted across government, academia and the commercial and charities sectors. Analysis of the work that has been supported by this tool has revealed several topics where researchers could further develop their own research. Well designed and communicated research that demonstrates consideration of these factors enables quicker and safer access to data. In response to these findings, CADE have developed specific guidance pieces to assist the analytical community in considering these ethical concerns in their research design and communicating them effectively to ethics bodies and the wider public to ensure effective and consistent data stewardship practices.
This presentation will support delegates by going into detail in the defining and realising of public good in research, engaging public audiences with research, and considering (and demonstrating) the public view in research design. It will also aid delegates by providing them with a framework that they can use to demonstrate consideration of traditional ethical concerns and also ethical concerns in new, emerging and currently unknown fields.
Exploring locality sensitive hashing as a blocking method for large-scale administrative datasets
Authors: Quinn Leah , Shipsey Rachel 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesLinking large-scale datasets is challenging due to the computational power required. This research explores using Locality-Sensitive-Hashing (LSH) as a blocking method to reduce the computational complexity when linking large administrative datasets. LSH hashes similar data into ‘buckets’, thus reducing the search space and processing power required to find links.
MethodsA gold-standard linked dataset was used during method development. Test datasets were made using samples of gold-standard matches and non-matches, then blocked using LSH.
Various LSH parameters including shingle length, signature length, band size and number of matching bands were tested. Precision and recall were used to find optimal parameters for identifying good candidate pairs, with 100% recall and >20% precision being desirable.
Alternative formats for date of birth, postcode and gender variables were tested, with additional characters used to simulate agreement weighting.
ResultsResults as of spring 2023 are promising, with the caveat that currently only small datasets have been tested. The LSH method with optimal parameters creates ~9,000 candidate pairs whilst maintaining recall of 100% (i.e., all true matches are included in the candidate pairs) and precision of 27.6%. In contrast, our traditional deterministic blocking method using the same variables creates ~70,000 candidate pairs, and a cartesian product creates over 23.4 million candidate pairs. We have therefore shown that LSH can be used to create a significant reduction in the search-space size.
Furthermore, the method easily handles alternative names, postcodes, etc. that may be present in longitudinal data or composite datasets, with no need to account for different possible combinations of variables.
ConclusionCurrent research has shown that LSH can be used to drastically reduce the search space when blocking for data linkage. Using variable formatting to prioritise agreement for specific sections e.g., of postcode, has overcome a potential downside of LSH. Further research on variable formatting, parameter optimisation and testing of the method at scale is ongoing.
Childhood contact with social services and self-harm and suicidal ideation in young adulthood: A population-wide cohort study in Northern Ireland
Authors: McKenna Sarah , O'Reilly Dermot , Maguire Aideen 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesChildhood contact with social services is associated with adult suicide risk, but little is known about self-harm and suicidal ideation, which are recognised predictors of suicide. This study compares self-harm (SH) and suicidal ideation (SI) in young adults with childhood history of social services contact to unexposed peers.
MethodA longitudinal, population-wide study of all children born 1985-1993 in Northern Ireland (NI) linking primary care registrations to social services data (1985-2015) and a national registry capturing all SH and SI presentations to the 12 Emergency Departments in NI (2012-2015). Multilevel logistic regression models estimated the association between level of contact with social services in childhood (no contact; referred but assessed as not in need (NIN); child in need (CIN); and child in care (CIC)) and SH, SI and any SH/SI, accounting for confounders and the amount of variation attributable to clustering by Health and Social Care Trust.
ResultsThe cohort comprised 253,495 individuals (ages 18-30 years) alive and registered with a general practitioner during follow-up. Of the cohort, 4,026 presented with SH and 1,669 with SI. Individuals with a childhood history of social services contact comprised 10.8% of the cohort (2.9% NIN; 6.5% CIN; and 1.4% CIC) yet accounted for 40.9% of SH/SI cases. Likelihood of SH, SI, and any SH/SI increased stepwise with level of contact with social services. After full adjustment, young adults deemed NIN in childhood were three times more likely to present with SH/SI (OR 3.45 [95% CI 3.07-3.88]), former CIN five times more likely (OR 5.33 [95% CI 4.97-5.74]), and former CIC ten times more likely (OR 10.49 [95% CI 9.45-11.66]), relative to those with no contact.
ConclusionAdults with a childhood history of social services contact, including those assessed as not in need, account for a disproportionate number of self-harm and suicidal ideation cases. Timely and targeted interventions aimed at this population have the potential to reduce the burden of self-harm and suicide
Suicide ideation and subsequent self-harm: Variations in presentations, care and management during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Murphy Siobhán , O'Reilly Dermot , Maguire Aideen , Ross Emma 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic and associated societal changes including access to emergency departments (ED) may have influenced suicide ideation (SI) incidence and the case fatality rates. This study quantifies the numbers of individuals presenting to ED with SI before and during the pandemic and examines risk of subsequent presentation to ED with self-harm and mortality.
MethodsThe Northern Ireland Self-Harm (SH) Registry provided data on suicide ideation and self-harm presentations across 12 ED departments in NI between January 2016 and September 2021. Linkage to health and mortality records provided follow up to September 2021. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess subsequent self-harm and mortality risk following initial presentation to ED with suicidal ideation.
ResultsPreliminary findings indicate that during the study period there were 21,601 ED presentations with SI between made by 9184 individuals of whom 2,011 subsequently went on to self-harm. Presentations with SI increased in the four years prior to the pandemic with the highest occurring in 2019. The number of individuals presenting to ED then decreased substantially in March/April 2020 leading to a 37% and 47% reduction, corresponding to the first “lockdown”. Presentations remained lower until June 2020 when restrictions started to ease. Compared to the pre-pandemic period, individuals presenting with SI during the pandemic were approximately 60% less likely to ED with subsequent self-harm (ORadj = 0.41, 95% CI 0.29, 0.59) even after adjustment for variations in the demographic profile of individuals, and the care and management they received at the ED.
ConclusionRates of ideation followed similar trends to previous years except in the early months of the pandemic. Those presenting with SI during the pandemic conferred a reduced likelihood of re-attending at ED with subsequent self-harm compared to the pre-pandemic period. The possible underlying mechanisms behind these findings will be discussed.
Maternal disability and newborn discharge to child protection in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Grant Claire , Grant Claire , Guttmann Astrid , N. Vigod Simone , Sharpe Isobel , Fung Kinwah , Brown Hilary 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesOne in 8 pregnancies are to women with disabilities. These mothers can face additional social, structural, and health-related challenges, and negative health care provider assumptions about their parenting capacity. We aimed to examine rates of newborn discharge to child protection comparing newborns of mothers with and without a disability.
MethodWe are conducting a population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada using linked administrative health data. The cohort includes all women in Ontario with a live birth between 2003 and 2020. Diagnostic algorithms were applied to health care encounters prior to pregnancy to identify maternal disability. We will use modified Poisson regression to estimate the relative risk of discharge to child protection immediately after the birth hospital stay, comparing newborns of women with physical, sensory, developmental, and multiple disabilities to those without disabilities. Models will be adjusted for socio-demographic factors, antenatal care receipt, and maternal mental illness and substance use disorders.
ResultsThe study cohort includes of over 1.4 million newborns delivered to women with physical disabilities (n=120,014), sensory disabilities (n=39,892), developmental disabilities (n=2,182), multiple disabilities (n=8,428), and no known disability (n=1,269,633). Analyses are ongoing and results will be concluded by the conference date.
ConclusionEarly infancy is a critical period for breastfeeding and maternal-infant bonding. Findings will inform the development of tailored services and resources for supporting women with disabilities in antenatal care and after birth by identifying those most at-risk of child protection intervention, thus potentially reducing maternal-newborn separations.
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI BERBASIS WEB PADA PRODI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
Authors: Oktafiantoro Dwi , Nurkamid Mukhamad , Maharani Rizkysari Mei 
Published: September 2023

Sistem bimbingan skripsi yang efektif sangat penting bagi mahasiswa teknik informatika dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir mereka. Namun, proses bimbingan skripsi seringkali menemui kendala seperti jadwal yang tidak fleksibel, keterbatasan ruang dan waktu, serta kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi antara dosen pembimbing dan mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu, implementasi sistem bimbingan skripsi berbasis web sangatlah penting untuk memfasilitasi mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan skripsi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan sistem bimbingan skripsi berbasis web pada program studi Teknik Informatika. Sistem ini dikembangkan menggunakan metode waterfall dan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP serta MySQL sebagai database. Sistem ini memungkinkan mahasiswa untuk memilih dosen pembimbing, mengajukan jadwal pertemuan, dan mengunggah dokumen-dokumen terkait skripsi secara online. Selain itu, dosen pembimbing juga dapat memberikan masukan dan memberikan feedback melalui sistem.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem bimbingan skripsi berbasis web yang diimplementasikan sangat membantu dalam mempercepat proses bimbingan skripsi dan meningkatkan interaksi antara dosen pembimbing dan mahasiswa. Hal ini juga memberikan kemudahan dalam memantau perkembangan skripsi dan memungkinkan mahasiswa untuk memperoleh informasi seputar skripsi secara online. Kata kunci: Sistem Bimbingan Skripsi, Berbasis Web, Teknik Informatika, Jadwal Pertemuan, Dokumen Skripsi.