bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enrichment of Cysteine S-palmitoylated peptides using Sodium Deoxycholate Acid Precipitation - SDC-ACE
Authors: Jensen Peter T. , Palmisano Giuseppe , Rhodes Christopher J. , Larsen Martin R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractS-palmitoylation is a poorly understood post-translational modification that is gaining more attention as an essential regulator of cellular processes. The reversible nature of S-palmitoylation allows for fine-tuned control of cellular events and adaptation to stimuli. The enrichment of S-palmitoylated proteins and peptides includes the Acyl-Biotin Exchange (ABE) method, Acyl resin-assisted Capture (Acyl-RAC), metabolic labelling, and derivatives thereof. We present a novel method of enrichment of S-palmitoylated peptides termedSDC Acid Precipitation Enrichment(SDC-ACE). Here, S-palmitoylated peptides are enriched by taking advantage of their co-precipitation with Sodium-Deoxycholate (SDC) under acidic conditions, allowing easy and fast separation of lipidated peptides from the sample suspension. We applied our novel method for the characterization of the mouse brain, providing an in-depth analysis of S-palmitoylation events within the brain and comprehensive profile of the mouse brain S-palmitoylome. Furthermore, we applied our method for mapping mouse tissue-specific S-palmitoylation, highlighting the extensive role of S-palmitoylation throughout various organs in the body. Finally, we applied our methods for studying the brain palmitoylome of diabetic db/db mouse, uncovering alterations in the palmitoylation related to obesity and type 2 diabetes. The SDC-ACE method allows fast and easy enrichment of S-palmitoylated peptides, providing a valuable tool for exploring the dynamics and function of S-palmitoylation in diverse biological systems.
Reactivating the complement system using peptidic bacterial labeling tag
Authors: Belo Yael , Malach Einav , Hayouka Zvi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe immune system plays a critical role in protecting the host against pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. However, pathogens have evolved mechanisms to evade the immune system, for example by altering their surface proteins or by producing enzymes that can interfere with the immune response. These evasion strategies enable pathogens to escape detection and destruction by the immune system, which allows them to establish serious infections. Thus, there is a critical need for new strategies for developing antimicrobial agents. Here, we describe a novel strategy for targeting pathogens, by labeling them with a general peptide functioning as a bacterial binder, conjugated to a protein tag recognizable by the complement system, thereby activating the immune system against the target pathogen. To that end, we screened several pathogenic bacteria to find complement-resistant bacterial strain. A selected peptide binder was crosslinked with the C3b complement protein using glutaraldehyde. We show by an ELISA assay that the resulting complex binds the C5 complement protein with high affinity. We posited that by binding C5, this complex will be capable of initiating the alternative complement downstream proteolytic cascade, thereby inducing the formation of the membrane attack complex. Using this methodology, we were able to eradicate 90% of complement-resistantE. colibacterial cells. By showing enhancement of complement sensitivity in complement-resistant pathogens, this work demonstrates the basis for new therapeutic approach capable of targeting pathogenic bacteria and activating the immune system against them.
How digitalization saved 2020 European Capitals of Culture
Authors: Ricciardelli Alessandra , Del Vecchio Pasquale , Ventura Marzia , Reina Rocco 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe objective of this work is to identify the strategies of digitalization embraced by the European Capitals of Culture 2020 (ECoC) in replying to the limitations due to COVID-19 emergence and to understand how DT have impacted in terms of resilience and innovation. This study aims to provide a contribution at the understanding of the effects and benefits of the digitalization in supporting the reorganization of the cultural projects of ECoC 2020 in replying to the COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on an exploratory multiple case study methodology. As a suitable investigative tool for the analysis of a contemporary phenomenon in their natural settings, case study methodology allows to integrate evidences resulting from multiple sources (Yin, 2006, 2008; Eisenhardt, 1989). Data collection, monitoring and analysis rely on the combination of Web-based desk analysis and social big data analytics. The integration of such sources has been addressed towards the investigation of the strategies of digitalization undertaken by the two ECoC cities, Galway in Ireland and Rijeka in Croatia, respectively.FindingsEvidences in terms re-organization of the cultural projects, digitalization of the tourist experiences, commitment of local communities and visitors have been derived from the study while the cross comparison of the two cases has allowed to identify common and specific patterns.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper presents some limitations. Firstly, the methodological approach as well as the nature of data collected suggest the need of future investigation with the inclusion of a larger sample of ECoCs and the inclusions of quantitative date related to trends of online cultural experiences and travel data. Secondly, the theoretical perspective of digitalization used in this study can be accompanied by other perspectives such as innovation and resilience capabilities of an ECoC.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the academic literature by providing a better understanding of the level of resilience generated vis-à-vis the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of DT in promoting participation in culture and implementing cultural initiatives of ECoCs. However, despite the relevance of the topic, the attention from the academic literature on the topic of digitalization in cultural and creative industries is still limited. Moreover, even more limited is the knowledge about the effects of DT and if their opportunities are actually transformed in positive outcomes.
Covid-19 pandemic and online accounting education: the experience of undergraduate accounting students in an emerging economy
Authors: Tetteh Lexis Alexander , Krah Redeemer , Ayamga Timothy Azaa , Ayarna-Gagakuma Leticia Apieleg , Offei-Kwafo Kwasi , Gbade Vivian Aku 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe study investigates the experiences of undergraduate students in using online learning platforms to study Accounting-related courses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses qualitative research approach and 89 undergraduate Accounting students from University of Professional Studies, Accra (UPSA) were purposively interviewed using semi-structured interview guide, observation and documentary evidence to achieve triangulation of data and results.FindingsThe study discovers that due to the Covid pandemic, the online Accounting learning system has a relative advantage over the physical classroom learning as the online pedagogy ensures that the students are safe and do not contract the virus. The findings further indicate that the university's engagement framework includes three units: engaging students with content on the university's Learning Management System (LMS), engaging students with their peers via group course WhatsApp platform and Zoom/Google Meet lectures, and engaging students with their instructors via the LMS, Zoom/Google Meet, and Group WhatsApp. Each unit is based on research-based best practices and strategies for online education such as the use of media (videos) to augment written course content and to improve student-to-content engagement, positive cognitive, collaborative, behavioural and emotional engagement of students. The university's strategies also encourage student-to-student involvement, as well as assessment and feedback. Regarding behavioural and emotional engagements, the study discovered that some lecturers' attitudes toward students coupled with insufficient administrative support influenced students to develop negative reactions to the use of online learning platforms for Accounting education.Practical implicationsThis paper has the potential to inform and improve implementation of online Accounting education in developing countries where the digital divide is staggering and digital inclusion and infrastructure for online education are at a precarious stage that cannot be remedied overnight.Social implicationsThe new context of Accounting education enables an increase in student enrolment because it does not require students to travel to or stay in a hostel for an extended period of time in order to earn an Accounting degree.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the Accounting education literature on emerging economies by providing new evidence of perception differences between higher education institutions and students. Education providers in emerging economies frequently adopt Western modes of online education without making structural adjustments. By empirically exploring students' opinions, this study challenges these managerial perceptions, and the findings will assist regulators and policymakers in making appropriate changes.
Surviving COVID-19 and beyond: a mixed-method study
Authors: Paranjape Swati , Patkar Amogh 
Published: July 2023

Purpose The present study was aimed to explore and analyse the multifaceted impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on quality-of-life of survivors, in physical, social, psychological and environmental health domains.Design/methodology/approach This explanatory mixed-method study was conducted on 20 patients admitted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital having mild-to-moderate clinical spectrum. Scores of WHO Quality of Life Brief Version (WHO QOL BREF) questionnaire, a quantitative data source, were recorded during admission and two months post-discharge. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth telephonic interviews 2 months post-discharge.Findings Statistically significant improvement in the quality-of-life was seen post-discharge in all four domains. Explanatory qualitative data derived four themes. This experience was life changing and metamorphic. Many participants experienced social exclusions. However, they outlived it with hope, faith and positive frame of mind. Quarantine, limiting social contact impacted largely the well-being and mental health of patients. Integrated care and multidisciplinary protocols are accentuated to combat future crisis.Research limitations/implications COVID-19 was a wake-up call to human race for radical change in healthcare policies. Researchers have emphasised the need to build resilient communities. The role of this research in building evidence as a basis for informed integrated care and decision making is vital. Study findings suggest that along with exhausting physical symptoms survivors experienced psychological symptoms highlighting the need of integrated approach and tailor-made strategies in assessment and treatment.Originality/value Lack of integrated approach in the system resulted in long-lasting physical and psychosocial impact on the survivors. This novel mixed methods research report, adding a valuable insight to body of knowledge through first-hand information, help provide evidence base which can account for future research, policy reforms and response.
Rotational thromboelastometry values across age groups in all trauma patients presenting to a level 1 trauma centre: An observational study
Authors: Simpson Jack , McCullough James , Walters Kerin , Wake Elizabeth , Ho Debbie , Chan Erick , Campbell Don , Winearls James 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo describe rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) values (FIBTEM A5, EXTEM A5 and EXTEM CT) across age groups and assess for a statistical trend; and to determine whether any trend in ROTEM values is affected by severity of injury and packed red blood cells (PRBC) requirement.MethodsRetrospective observational study at a level 1 trauma centre in Queensland, Australia. A total of 1601 consecutive trauma patients presenting to the ED. ROTEM data described included FIBTEM A5, EXTEM A5 and EXTEM CT. These values are described by age group (≤30 years, 31–45 years, 46–60 years, 61–75 years and >75 years), Injury Severity Score (ISS) category (<12, ≥12, <25 and ≥25) and number of PRBCs transfused in the first 24 h of admission (0 units, 1–4 units, 5–9 units and ≥10 units).ResultsThe median age of participants was 37 years (interquartile range [IQR] 25–54 years), with 48.2% of patients had severe trauma (ISS >12) and 13.2% receiving at least one unit of PRBC in the first 24 h of admission. Median (IQR) values for FIBTEM A5, EXTEM A5 and EXTEM CT were 13 mm (10–16 mm), 45 mm (40–49 mm) and 62 s (56–71 s), respectively. A test for trend over progressive age groups showed an increase in FIBTEM A5 (P < 0.001) and EXTEM A5 values (P < 0.001) and a decrease in EXTEM CT values (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe present study demonstrated a pattern of increasing coagulability, as defined by ROTEM, with increasing age group in trauma patients, even among the severely injured. Further investigation is required to determine the clinical impact of these findings on both the ROTEM‐guided management and longitudinal outcomes of these patients and whether an age‐specific approach is beneficial.
Asymmetric adjustment of control
Authors: van Pelt Victor 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examines how principals adjust their control over agents based on their prior controlling experience. According to standard economic theory, principals should be equally willing to decrease their control as they are to increase it. However, I use psychological theory to predict that prior experience with exercising tight control reinforces a principal's belief that agents are self‐interested and that they should be controlled. In contrast, I predict that the reinforcement of the belief that agents are socially interested and should not be controlled is weaker for principals who have prior experience with exercising loose control. I test my prediction using an experiment that exposes principals to either an increase or a decrease in the economic costs of control. The results support the predictions by exhibiting an asymmetric adjustment pattern. The data also show theory‐consistent conditions under which the asymmetry in principals' control adjustments diminishes. Overall, my study suggests that prolonged experience with exercising high levels of control over agents may cause principals to hold on to their control disproportionally.
Spatiotemporal joint species distribution modelling: A basis function approach
Authors: Hui Francis K. C. , Warton David I. , Foster Scott D. , Haak Christopher R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe introduce community‐level basis function models (CBFMs) as an approach for spatiotemporal joint distribution modelling. CBFMs can be viewed as related to spatiotemporal latent variable models, where the latent variables are replaced by a set of pre‐specified spatiotemporal basis functions which are common across species.In a CBFM, the coefficients that link the basis functions to each species are treated as random slopes. As such, the CBFM can be formulated to have a similar structure to a generalised additive model. This allows us to adapt existing techniques to fit CBFMs efficiently.CBFMs can be used for a variety of reasons, such as inferring patterns of habitat use in space and time, understanding how residual covariation between species varies spatially and/or temporally, and spatiotemporal predictions of species‐ and community‐level quantities.A simulation study and an application to data from a bottom trawl survey conducted across the U.S. Northeast shelf show that CBFMs can achieve similar and sometimes better predictive performance compared to existing approaches for spatiotemporal joint species distribution modelling, while being computationally more scalable.
NAD metabolism: Role in senescence regulation and aging
Authors: Chini Claudia Christiano Silva , Cordeiro Heidi Soares , Tran Ngan Le Kim , Chini Eduardo Nunes 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe geroscience hypothesis proposes that addressing the biology of aging could directly prevent the onset or mitigate the severity of multiple chronic diseases. Understanding the interplay between key aspects of the biological hallmarks of aging is essential in delivering the promises of the geroscience hypothesis. Notably, the nucleotide nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) interfaces with several biological hallmarks of aging, including cellular senescence, and changes in NAD metabolism have been shown to be involved in the aging process. The relationship between NAD metabolism and cellular senescence appears to be complex. On the one hand, the accumulation of DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by low NAD+ can promote the development of senescence. On the other hand, the low NAD+ state that occurs during aging may inhibit SASP development as this secretory phenotype and the development of cellular senescence are both highly metabolically demanding. However, to date, the impact of NAD+ metabolism on the progression of the cellular senescence phenotype has not been fully characterized. Therefore, to explore the implications of NAD metabolism and NAD replacement therapies, it is essential to consider their interactions with other hallmarks of aging, including cellular senescence. We propose that a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between NAD boosting strategies and senolytic agents is necessary to advance the field.
Impact of personalized alcohol intake and cognitive feedback on alcohol use behavior in hazardous drinkers: A quasi‐randomized trial
Authors: Poulton Antoinette , Dali Gezelle , McGinness Clare , Clarke Sarah , Turner Tahlia , Liu Junwu , Giggins Jayde , Marcuson Ruth , Hester Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide, alcohol use is a major contributor to the burden of disease and mortality. A sizeable literature suggests that brief web‐based interventions that incorporate personalized normative and/or health consequences feedback are effective at reducing alcohol intake. The relative efficacy of an intervention that also includes individualized feedback about brain health has not been examined, nor has the utility of integrating a smartphone app component.MethodParticipants (N = 436, Mage = 21.27) completed baseline protocols (n = 178 recorded alcohol use via an app for 14 days) and were then assigned to one of three feedback conditions using randomized block allocation with stratification based on the total number of standard drinks consumed. Control participants received no feedback; Alcohol Intake Feedback (Alc) participants received personalized information about their alcohol use; Alcohol Intake plus Cognitive Feedback (AlcCog) participants received personalized details about alcohol use plus individualized brain‐health information related to impulsivity. The impact of feedback on alcohol consumption behavior was examined as a function of feedback condition and hazardous/non‐harmful drinking status (as defined by the World Health Organization) at an 8‐week follow‐up.ResultsHazardous drinkers in both the Alc and AlcCog conditions reduced their alcohol intake by 31% to 50% more than those in the Control condition. Reductions were not related to whether participants completed web‐ plus app‐based components or web‐only components of the intervention. There was no change in the alcohol intake of non‐harmful drinkers.ConclusionsThis proof‐of‐concept study showed that hazardous drinkers respond well to brief electronic interventions that incorporate personalized normative and/or health consequences feedback. Further research is required to determine how best to make impulsivity‐related brain‐health consequences of drinking manifest and how to maximize the potential of smartphones apps.
Mechanisms and pathways linking kindergarten behavior problems with mid‐life employment earnings for males from low‐income neighborhoods
Authors: Vergunst Francis , Vitaro Frank , Brendgen Mara , Larose Marie‐Pier , Girard Alain , Tremblay Richard E. , Côté Sylvana M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChildhood behavior problems are associated with reduced labor market participation and lower earnings in adulthood, but little is known about the pathways and mechanisms that explain these associations. Drawing on a 33‐year prospective birth cohort of White males from low‐income backgrounds (n = 1040), we conducted a path analysis linking participants' teacher‐rated behavior problems at age 6 years—that is, inattention, hyperactivity, aggression‐opposition, and low prosociality—to employment earnings at age 35–39 years obtained from tax records. We examined three psychosocial mediators at age 11–12 years (academic, behavioral, social) and two mediators at age 25 years (non‐high school graduation, criminal convictions). Our findings support the notion that multiple psychosocial pathways—especially low education attainment—link kindergarten behavior problems to lower employment earnings decades later.
The use of different intranasal splints Doyle splints versus Reuter bivalve splints versus no splints in primary septal surgeries: A randomised clinical trial looking at morbidity
Authors: Abi Zeid Daou Christophe , Zaytoun Georges , Hadi Usamah , Fakhri Samer , Korban Zeina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to compare the morbidity of different types of intranasal splints (Doyle splints and Reuter bivalve splints) with no intranasal splints in primary septal surgeries and concomitant submucosal reduction of the inferior turbinate.DesignRandomised clinical trialSettingSingle‐Center trial at a tertiary care facilityParticipantsIn this randomised clinical trial, 123 consecutive patients underwent primary septoplasty with bilateral submucosal reduction of the inferior turbinate, with no other concurrent procedure. Patients were randomised into three groups: Doyle splints, Reuter bivalve splints and patients with no splints placed.Main Outcome MeasuresFollowing surgery, the patients were seen at three consecutive visits. During each visit, the Visual Analogue Scale score for headache, nasal obstruction, overall pain and bleeding and an endoscopic score for secretions, oedema and synechiae was filled.ResultsPatients were randomised into three groups, 42 received Doyle splints, 41 Reuter bivalve splints and 40 had no splints inserted. When comparing the three groups, the first two post‐op visits were scheduled significantly earlier in patients with splints (p < .05). The scores from both groups with splints were statistically higher for headache, nasal obstruction and pain, for the first visit only (p < .05). There was no statistical difference between groups when looking at each subset of the endoscopic score, at each visit (p > .05).ConclusionIncreased post‐operative pain, headaches and nasal obstruction scores were encountered in patients who had splints after surgery. However, endoscopic scores were statistically similar across the three groups with no difference in post‐operative endoscopic scores at each visit. and no difference was seen in symptom scores and endoscopic scores between patients with different splints.