bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Compassion Mediates the Impact of Family Support on Clinical and Personal Recovery Among People with Mental Illness
Authors: Chan Kevin Ka Shing , Yip Charles Chiu Hung , Tsui Jack Ka Chun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The present study aimed to investigate the impact of family support on the recovery of people with mental illness and to explore the potential mechanisms underlying this impact. Specifically, we examined whether family support would be associated with clinical recovery (as indicated by symptom severity, social functioning, and work functioning) and personal recovery (as indicated by recovery perceptions and life satisfaction) among people with mental illness. We also examined whether these associations would be mediated by self-compassion.

Method
A total of 356 people with mental illness provided cross-sectional questionnaire data on family support, self-compassion, symptom severity, social functioning, work functioning, recovery perceptions, and life satisfaction.

Results
Path analyses showed that family support was associated positively with self-compassion, which was, in turn, related to lower symptom severity, higher social functioning and work functioning, more positive perceptions of recovery, and greater life satisfaction. Sobel tests and bootstrap analyses further revealed that family support had indirect effects on symptom severity, social functioning, work functioning, recovery perceptions, and life satisfaction via self-compassion.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that people with mental illness who receive greater support from the family are better able to have self-caring attitudes. With higher levels of self-compassion, they may have less psychopathology and better functioning. They may also have more positive experiences and perceptions of recovery and attain greater levels of life satisfaction and enjoyment.

Preregistration
This study is not preregistered.
ACPSEM position paper: the safety of magnetic resonance imaging linear accelerators
Authors: Cook Nick , Shelton Nikki , Gibson Stephen , Barnes Peter , Alinaghi-Zadeh Reza , Jameson Michael G. ,   on behalf of the ACPSEM Magnetic Resonance Imaging Linac Working Group (MRILWG)
Published: February 2023

AbstractMagnetic Resonance Imaging linear-accelerator (MRI-linac) equipment has recently been introduced to multiple centres in Australia and New Zealand. MRI equipment creates hazards for staff, patients and others in the MR environment; these hazards must be well understood, and risks managed by a system of environmental controls, written procedures and a trained workforce. While MRI-linac hazards are similar to the diagnostic paradigm, the equipment, workforce and environment are sufficiently different that additional safety guidance is warranted. In 2019 the Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine (ACPSEM) formed the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Linear-Accelerator Working Group (MRILWG) to support the safe clinical introduction and optimal use of MR-guided radiation therapy treatment units. This Position Paper is intended to provide safety guidance and education for Medical Physicists and others planning for and working with MRI-linac technology. This document summarises MRI-linac hazards and describes particular effects which arise from the combination of strong magnetic fields with an external radiation treatment beam. This document also provides guidance on safety governance and training, and recommends a system of hazard management tailored to the MRI-linac environment, ancillary equipment, and workforce.
High-fidelity modeling approaches for the analysis of reinforced structures using one-, two- and three-dimensional elements
Authors: Zappino Enrico , Cavallo Tommaso , Pagani Alfonso , Carrera Erasmo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present paper proposes a method for analyzing reinforced thin-walled structures based on high-order one-, two- and three-dimensional finite elements (FE). Refined finite elements are developed in the domain of the Carrera unified formulation (CUF). The node-dependent kinematic approach (NDK), which allows to connect in an easy manner elements with incompatible kinematics, has been used to connect elements with different dimensions without the need of ad hoc connection techniques. The formulation ensures the continuity of the displacement at the interface preventing the onset of singularities that lead to inaccurate results when beam, plate and solid elements have to be coupled to solve complex structures. The effectiveness of the present method has been confirmed by comparing the results with those from literature and with those obtained using commercial finite element codes. Static and free-vibration analyses of reinforced panels have been carried out to demonstrate the capabilities of the present models. The results show that the limits of classical structural models can be easily overcome using the present approach, and at the same time, a quasi three-dimensional solution can be obtained with a large computational cost saving.
Die Literatur der Gesellschaft
Authors: Gess Nicola 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel lotet die Möglichkeiten von Literaturwissenschaft als einer Hermeneutik des Sozialen aus, indem er disziplinäre Zwischenformen von Literatur(wissenschaft) und Soziologie in der Gegenwart und in der Frühzeit der DVjs, d.h. in den 1920er-Jahren, untersucht. Er interessiert sich zunächst für soziologische Selbstbefragungen anhand des Mediums der Kriminalerzählung (Kracauer, Boltanski). Als Testfall für die Produktivität der vorgeschlagenen Ausrichtung nimmt er dann den deutschsprachigen Detektivroman der Zwischenkriegsjahre (Perutz, Jacques) in den Blick und arbeitet dessen Problematisierung eines sozialen Imaginären in der »Zeit der Monster« heraus.
Geistesgeschichte als Ideologie und als Versprechen
Authors: Hindrichs Gunnar 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Geistesgeschichte antwortete sachlich auf ein modal-quantitatives Problem der klassischen deutschen Philosophie. Sie war Ideologie, weil sie zur Lösung dieses Problems das historisch Gegebene als Geist verklärte. Aber sie birgt bis heute das Versprechen, daß Geschichte tatsächlich eine Geschichte des Geistes werden könnte und hierin das Gegebene überstiege.
Testing the Decision Support Tool for Responsible Pain Management for Headache and Facial Pain Diagnosis with Opioid-Risk-Stratified Treatment
Authors: St. Marie Barbara , Perkhounkova Yelena , Gedney-Lose Amalia , Jimmerson Andrea , Porter Brooke , Herr Keela , Nadkarni Prakash 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn primary and urgent care, headache and facial pain are common and challenging to diagnose and manage, especially with using opioids appropriately. We therefore developed the Decision Support Tool for Responsible Pain Management (DS-RPM) to assist healthcare providers in diagnosis (including multiple simultaneous diagnoses), workup (including triage), and opioid-risk-informed treatment. A primary goal was to supply sufficient explanations of DS-RPM’s functions allowing critique. We describe the process of iteratively designing DS-RPM adding clinical content and testing/defect discovery. We tested DS-RPM remotely with 21 clinician-participants using three vignettes—cluster headache, migraine, and temporal arteritis—after first training to use DS-RPM with a trigeminal-neuralgia vignette. Their evaluation was both quantitative (usability/acceptability) and qualitative using semi-structured interviews. The quantitative evaluation used 12 Likert-type questions on a 1–5 scale, where 5 represented the highest rating. The mean ratings ranged from 4.48 to 4.95 (SDs ranging 0.22–1.03). Participants initially found structured data entry intimidating but adapted and appreciated its comprehensiveness and speed of data capture. They perceived DS-RPM as useful for teaching and clinical practice, making several enhancement suggestions. The DS-RPM was designed, created, and tested to facilitate best practice in management of patients with headaches and facial pain. Testing the DS-RPM with vignettes showed strong functionality and high usability/acceptability ratings from healthcare providers. Risk stratifying for opioid use disorder to develop a treatment plan for headache and facial pain is possible using vignettes. During testing, we considered the need to adapt usability/acceptability evaluation tools for clinical decision support, and future directions.
Drivers of demographic dividend in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Woldegiorgis Mesfin Mulugeta 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCompared to other developing regions, Africa has experienced a relatively late start to the demographic transition, although certain countries in the continent’s north and south did. As a result, Africa is only now starting to broadly benefit from the demographic dividend. Thus, a study on the drivers of the dividend, the timing and length of the dividend, and the dividend optimization strategies is crucial. The paper uses a cross-country panel data for 34 African countries for the years between 1990 and 2018. To identify the drivers of the demographic dividend, fixed effects econometric analysis is used. The foremost contribution of the paper is that it empirically shows the ongoing demographic transition and the simulated time span of the potential first and second demographic dividends. It also identifies pertinent drivers of the demographic dividend. Besides, as a new conceptual framework, it introduces an innovative analytical framework for augmenting the demographic dividend from formal migration. The framework is named after the “International Surplus Labour Circulation (ISLC) model.”
Capture-reduction mechanism for promoting Cr(VI) removal by sulfidated microscale zerovalent iron/sulfur-doped graphene-like biochar composite
Authors: Wang Yue , Liu Zhenglong , Huang Wenli , Lu Jinfeng , Luo Shuangjiang , Czech Bożena , Li Tielong , Wang Haitao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe application of microscale zerovalent iron (mZVI) in the removal of Cr(VI) from water is plagued with the readily formation of oxide passivation layer. In this study, we propose a “capture-reduction” mechanism to enhance the Cr(VI) removal performance of mZVI under anaerobic condition through dual modification, i.e., sulfidation and construction of composite with sulfur-doped graphene like biochar (SGB). The S-mZVI/SGB has a Cr(VI) removal capacity of 70.2 mg·g− 1 at circumneutral pH, which is 56 times of that of mZVI. The 1,10-phenanthroline shielding experiments indicate that the contribution of Fe(II) to Cr(VI) removal is only 17.6%. Density-theory-functional (DFT) calculation results indicate that sulfur doping could significantly promote the adsorption of Cr(VI) on SGB nanosheets. The mechanism study confirmed the “capture-reduction” Cr(VI) removal mechanism, whereby the SGB nanosheets capture Cr(VI) ions and receive electrons from Fe0 to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III). Considering its advantages such as low cost and easy preparation, the S-mZVI/SGB composite is a promising green material for the removal of Cr(VI) from water.
Graphical Abstract
Clinical empathy: definition, measurement, correlates, group differences, erosion, enhancement, and healthcare outcomes
Authors: Hojat Mohammadreza , Maio Vittorio , Pohl Charles A. , Gonnella Joseph S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article presents a brief history of the Jefferson Empathy Project, provides a definition of clinical empathy, and describes the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), the most frequently used instrument for measuring clinical empathy in health professions students and healthcare practitioners. Also, we highlight selected empirical findings from our team and other national and international researchers on correlates of clinical empathy showing significantly positive associations between scores on the JSE and measures of personal qualities that are conducive to relationship building. Findings include group differences on the JSE scores by gender, race/ethnicity, academic background, specialty interest, and clinical competence, as well as empirical findings on erosion and enhancement of clinical empathy in health professions students and practitioners. Additionally, significant associations are reported between physicians’ scores on the JSE, and pertinent/tangible healthcare outcomes in diabetic patients in the U.S. and Italy; plausible explanations are offered for psychosocial and neurobiological mechanisms possibly involved in the link between physician empathy and healthcare outcomes. These findings suggest that empathy must be placed in the realm of evidence-based medicine, considered an essential element of overall professional competence, assessed for admission decisions to medical schools and postgraduate training programs, and incorporated into professional development of all health professionals-in-training and in-practice.
Lidar-Derived Road Profiles
Authors: Field Sean 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTDespite considerable developments in the archaeological application of lidar for detecting roads, less attention has been given to studying road morphology using lidar. As a result, archaeologists are well equipped to locate but not thoroughly study roads via lidar data. Here, a method that visualizes and statistically compares road profiles using elevation values extracted from lidar-derived digital elevation models is presented and illustrated through a case study on Chaco roads, located in the US Southwest. This method is used to establish the common form of ground-truthed Chaco roads and to measure how frequently this form is across non-ground-truthed roads. This method is an addition to the growing suite of tools for documenting and comparing roads using remotely sensed data, and it can be particularly useful in threatened landscapes where ground truthing is becoming less possible.
Despair and Hopelessness
Authors: KWONG JACK M. C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt has recently been argued that hope is polysemous in that it sometimes refers to hoping and other times to being hopeful. That it has these two distinct senses is reflected in the observation that a person can hope for an outcome without being hopeful that it will occur. Below, I offer a new argument for this distinction. My strategy is to show that accepting this distinction yields a rich account of two distinct ways in which hope can be lost, ways that map onto the two senses of hope: A person can lose hope either by ceasing to hope for an outcome (hopelessness) or by ceasing to be hopeful that it will obtain (despair). Thinking about these negative attitudes in these two ways, I contend, is explanatorily rich and fruitfully reveals how they differ in phenomenology, behavioral differences, and the ways in which a person can escape them.
Does housing system affect horse welfare? The AWIN welfare assessment protocol applied to horses kept in an outdoor group-housing system: The ‘parcours’
Authors: Dai Francesca , Dalla Costa Emanuela , Minero Michela , Briant Christine 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Outdoor group housing is generally reported as being beneficial to the welfare of horses compared to single boxes, being considered to show greater similarities with the living conditions of feral horses, allowing full expression of behaviours such as grazing, social interactions and free movement. However, concerns persist regarding the ability to maintain a good nutritional state and the possibility of acquiring injury. No data reporting a comprehensive assessment of welfare for horses in outdoor group-housing systems are currently available. The present study aimed at applying a scientifically valid welfare assessment protocol to group-housed outdoor horses in ‘parcours’, a particular management system used in the south of France. ‘Parcours’ are semi-natural areas, grazed by domestic herbivores located in lowland, mountain, or marsh. One hundred and seventy-one horses older than a year pertaining to six farms and kept on ‘parcours’ were evaluated by a trained veterinarian using a modified version of the second level Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) welfare assessment protocol for horses. No major welfare issues were detected. Horses in ‘parcours’ displayed few abnormal behaviours, they could move freely for most of the day and interact with conspecifics, maintaining a healthy state of nutrition and a good relationship with humans. The main welfare concerns were related to the presence of superficial integument alterations such as alopecia, difficulty in reaching quality controlled water sources and a lack of shelter. As the number of facilities involved in this study is relatively limited, further harmonised data collection should aim to enlarge the sample size and allow comparison with different outdoor group-housing conditions.
Motion verbs, sentience, and event delimitedness in Blackfoot
Authors: Kim Kyumin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper provides the first detailed documentation of aspectual properties of motion verbs in Blackfoot (an Algonquian language) from the Kainaa dialect. In particular, the focus of the paper is to detail how a sentient subject in this language is associated with an inherent endpoint of motion events (i.e., delimitedness). I show that in Blackfoot, an event can have a delimited construal when a sentient subject is an agent (but not a theme). A language-specific requirement for event delimitedness is thus the presence of an external argument that is sentient, which I formalize as a feature [m(ental state)] on a DP, as in Ritter (2015). A major contribution of the current study is thus to show that event delimitedness can be constrained by formal features of the external argument, whereas previously only the internal argument was thought to be involved in event delimitedness.
Use of a Nerve Agent Antidote-Dosing Tool for Mass Casualty Incident Emergency Preparedness
Authors: Wassner Chanie , Creary Kashif , Miele Johanna , Flynn Caitlin , Wittman Ian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Nerve agent attacks pose a serious threat worldwide and ensuring optimal readiness is essential to management. We review a mass casualty incident (MCI) drill in a busy urban New York City Emergency Department incorporating an antidote-dosing tool.

Methods:
Emergency Management and Preparedness planned an MCI drill involving a nerve agent exposure and engaged the pharmacy department to participate on a more comprehensive level. The clinical pharmacist prepared a treatment tool with antidote dosing recommendations to distribute to team members participating in the drill.

Results:
During the launch of the exercise, all clinicians involved reviewed the antidote-dosing tool with the pharmacy team members. Because of the ease of use, limited time was necessary to review the dosing tool before the start of the exercise. After the exercise, feedback regarding the use of the tool was very positive and participants appreciated the tool for use in a theoretical emergency that they have had limited experience managing.

Conclusions:
Optimizing team preparedness with accessible and practical dosing tools may be a helpful addition to emergency preparedness for chemical and biological events with the potential for many casualties.
Efficacy of dietary vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 on reproductive capacities, growth performance, immunity and bone development in pigs
Authors: Hasan Maruf , Oster Michael , Reyer Henry , Wimmers Klaus , Fischer Dagmar-Christiane 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVitamin D3 (Vit D3) and 25(OH)D3 are used as dietary sources of active vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) in pig husbandry. Although acting primarily on intestine, kidney and bone, their use in pig nutrition has shown a wide range of effects also in peripheral tissues. However, there is an ambiguity in the existing literature about whether the effects of Vit D3 and 25(OH)D3 differ in attributing the molecular and phenotypic outcomes in pigs. We searched Web of Science and PubMed databases concerning the efficacy of Vit D3 in comparison with 25(OH)D3 on pig physiology, i.e. reproductive capacities, growth performance, immunity and bone development. Dietary intake of Vit D3 or 25(OH)D3 did not influence the reproductive capacity of sows. Unlike Vit D3, the maternal intake of 25(OH)D3 significantly improved the growth performance of piglets, which might be attributed to maternally induced micronutrient efficiency. Consequently, even in the absence of maternal vitamin D supplementation, 25(OH)D3-fed offspring also demonstrated better growth than the offspring received Vit D3. Moreover, a similar superior impact of 25(OH)D3 was seen with respect to serum markers of innate and humoral immunity. Last but not least, supplements containing 25(OH)D3 were found to be more effective than Vit D3 to improve bone mineralisation and formation, especially in pigs receiving basal diets low in Ca and phosphorus. The insights are of particular value in determining the principal dietary source of vitamin D to achieve its optimum utilisation efficiency, nutritional benefits and therapeutic potency and to further improve animal welfare across different management types.
Intellectual Legacies, Political Morality, and Disillusionment: Connections Between Two Mozambique Research Institutions, 1976–2017
Authors: Fernandes Carlos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStates and institutions often narrate their histories in one of two ways: underscoring continuity with the past or proclaiming rupture from it. This article studies the case of two research institutions in independent Mozambique to show that the history of rupture that some postsocialist political and academic actors claim has a more complex history. That history is related to other African independence struggles and newly independent states and is also embedded in the shape of postsocialist life. Focused on a brief period in time and on two research institutes, this article sheds light on wider processes in African history related to institution building, postcolonial universities and education, and the networks of the global 1960s, as well as those of socialist states during the Cold War.
Estimating sentiment and risk in a consumption model: a factor analysis approach
Authors: Bouaddi Mohammed , Kakeu Johnson 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis empirical paper deals with the impacts of sentiment about the future, short-run risk, and long-run risk in a dynamic economic model of optimal consumption decisions with Schroder and Skiadas [(1999) Journal of Economic Theory 89, 68–126.] continuous-time stochastic recursive preferences. The empirical strategy combines both a latent factor method and a democratic orthogonalization technique. The latent factor method is applied to a large database of macroeconomic indicators, and a democratic orthogonalization technique is used to separate the relative importance of sentiment about the future and long-run risk channels in shaping optimal consumption decisions. The empirical results suggest that consumers with recursive preferences are not indifferent to long-run uncertainty shocks to future consumption prospects. Endogenous consumption variations are driven by a multicomponent mechanism, where on average, the sentiment component accounts for 15.33%, the short-run risk accounts for 16.89%, and the long-run risk pertains to 34.51%.