bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Co-Ru@NC- MOF, Co-Ru@ ZSM-5 and Co-Ru@ ɤ- Al 2 O 3 , Composite Catalysts – An Applications in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Shokouhi Mohamad , Haghtalab Ali , Zamani Yahya , Mohajeri Ali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we synthesized the metal-organic framework ZIF-67 (MOF) by the hydrothermal method. The XRD spectrum of this MOF was consistent with the spectrum given in the literature, which indicated the successful synthesis of ZIF-67. Following the calcination process of the MOF, ruthenium metal was added to the catalyst as a promoter by impregnation method to synthesize Co-Ru@NC composite catalyst. In addition, we synthesized the Co-Ru@ZSM-5 and Co-Ru@ɤ-Al2O3 catalysts by the impregnation method. We performed the characterization tests such as atomic absorption, EDX, ESEM, TEM, BET, XRD, and H2-TPR to find out the surface and volume of the catalysts, formed phase, reduction temperature, hydrogen consumption, and catalyst morphology. Moreover, we carried out Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) to obtain the CO conversion, hydrocarbon product selectivity, hydrocarbon chain growth probability, and reaction yield using the synthesized catalysts. The results of using three catalysts showed that the CO conversion, and selectivity to methane and C2 − 4 hydrocarbons enhanced with increasing temperature from 210 to 230°C. On the other hand, the C5+ selectivity and hydrocarbon chain growth probability (α) were reduced by increasing temperature. By the use of the Co-Ru@NC catalyst, the maximum C5+ selectivity, and the minimum CH4, CO2, and C2 − 4 selectivity were 93.85%, 4.89%, 0.010%, and 1.25%, respectively. The probability of heavy hydrocarbon chain growth is higher for the Co-Ru@NC catalyst than for the other two catalysts. The maximum C5+ selectivity for Co-Ru@ZSM-5 and Co-Ru@ɤ-Al2O3 catalysts at 210°C are 80.27% and 80.50%, respectively. The maximum CO conversion values ​​for the Co-Ru@NC, Co-Ru@ZSM-5, and Co-Ru@ɤ-Al2O3 catalysts at 230°C are 85.62%, 78.35%, and 72.74%, respectively. The increasing order of Fischer-Tropsch reaction yield for the synthesized catalysts was Co-Ru@NC > Co-Ru@ZSM-5 > Co-Ru@ɤ-Al2O3.
Astrocyte reactivity influences the association of amyloid-β and tau biomarkers in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Pascoal Tharick , Bellaver Bruna , Povala Guilherme , Ferreira Pamela , Ferrari-Souza João Pedro , Leffa Douglas , Lussier Firoza , Benedet Andrea , Ashton Nicholas , Triana-Baltzerz Gallen , Kolbzh Hartmuth , Tissot Cécile , Therriault Joseph , Servaes Stijn , Stevenson Jenna , Rahmouni Nesrine , Lopez Oscar , Tudorascu Dana , Villemagne Victor , Ikonomovic Milos , Gauthier Serge , Zimmer Eduardo , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Aizenstein Howard , Klunk William , Snitz Beth , Maki Pauline , Thurston Rebecca , Cohen Ann , Ganguli Mary , Karikari Thomas , Rosa-Neto Pedro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn unresolved question for the understanding of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathophysiology is why a significant percentage of amyloid β (Aβ)-positive cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals do not develop detectable downstream tau pathology and, consequently, clinical deterioration.In vitroevidence suggests that reactive astrocytes are key to unleashing Aβ effects in pathological tau phosphorylation. In a large study (n=1,016) across three cohorts, we tested whether astrocyte reactivity modulates the association of Aβ with plasma tau phosphorylation in CU people. We found that Aβ pathology was associated with increased plasma phosphorylated tau levels only in individuals positive for astrocyte reactivity (Ast+). Cross-sectional and longitudinal tau-PET analysis revealed that tau tangles accumulated as a function of Aβ burden only in CU Ast+ individuals with a topographic distribution compatible with early AD. Our findings suggest that increased astrocyte reactivity is an important upstream event linking Aβ burden with initial tau pathology which might have implications for the biological definition of preclinical AD and for selecting individuals for early preventive clinical trials.
The Common polymorphisms in ­­P21/WAF1 and MDM2 genes as a risk factor for susceptibility and poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer in Iraqi population.
Authors: Al-Janabi Anwar Madlool , Al-Khafaji Salih Mahdi , Taher Maher Fenjan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (P21/WAFI) and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) genes regulate cell growth. In malignant tumors, altered expression of these gene products is associated with poor prognosis. Current study aimed to investigate P21-rs1801270 and MDM2-rs2279744 genes polymorphisms with lung cancer risk in Iraqi population.
Methods and Results: This study included 140 lung cancer patients (101 males and 39 females) diagnosed with non-small cell lung carcinoma, matched with 150 healthy individuals(105 males and 45 females). The study was done between 2018 to 2022. The genotyping of P21 and MDM2 were examined by using the PCR-RFLP technique.
Compared with the P21-98 C and MDM2-309T genotypes, we found that P21-98A and MDM2-309G variants were associated with a high risk of NSCLC in Iraqi patients (OR= 5.0, C.I= 3.2-14.2, P<0.0001) for AA and (OR= 6.7, C.I= 4.0-12.4, P<0.0001)for GG. Also, AA and GG genotypes were associated with poor prognosis and significant associations were observed with a stage (p= 0.02) and metastasis status (p =0.003) for P21 gene, (p= 0.01) and (p= 0.04) for MDM2 gene respectively of NSCLC in elderly and smokers. Our results obviously showed the multiplicative interaction of P21 AA and MDM2 GG genotypes in risk of developing lung cancer.
Conclusions: The presence of AA variant alleles for p21 and GG for MDM2 increased the risk of lung cancer in males mainly those smokers older than 45 years. For this reason, these gene mutations may have a role as markers for susceptibility to lung cancer in those groups of people.
Study of the effectiveness of Wavelet Genetic Programming model for Water Quality Analysis in the Uttar Pradesh region
Authors: Saxena Bhawna , Gaonkar Mansi , Singh Sandeep Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Water constitutes an essential part of the Earth as it helps in making the environment greener, supporting people to survive and in transporting various nutrients and minerals. But all these factors are drastically impacted due to rising water pollution and its poor sanitation leading to poor water quality. In India, according to the latest survey, due to the excessive use of chemicals by the industries, fertilizers and pesticides by the farmers, various water bodies are getting contaminated, causing a lack of good quality water suitable for consumption. About 2 lakh people die every year due to various diseases caused by consumption of contaminated water. Not only the surface water, groundwater and river water are also getting contaminated. Hence, there is a need to analyze the quality of water in the existing water sources. In this work, a workflow is proposed for analyzing the water quality in selected regions of Uttar Pradesh state. The proposed work uses a hybrid Wavelet Genetic Programming model for analysis and visualization of 13 rivers of Uttar Pradesh region. Prediction of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) level is used as the determinant for water quality assessment. Continuous Wavelet Transform is utilized to decompose the DO dataset and the decomposed DO values are treated as input variables for the model using Morlet wavelet function. The results have proved that the proposed model is suitable for the accurate prediction of DO values.
Design and implementation of the teaching system of a "situational simulation hospital" on the mobile terminal
Authors: Li Dan , Zhou Donghui , Hu Weina , Zhou Xinyu , Li Li , Zhang Qiong , Wang Jie , Zou Mengqing , Li Xinyi , Wang Min , Guan Xu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper takes "situational simulation hospital practice and testing" as the teaching content, gamification as the innovative breakthrough point, and mobile learning as the goal, organically combines games and medicine, establishes a new student-centered learning model, and develops a mobile learning product in line with the development trend of "Internet + education." The mobile learning products conform to the development trend of "Internet+education," integrate game elements (such as problem situations, challenges, role-playing, instant evaluation, etc.) into teaching, provide learners with rewards, challenges, and success experiences that are lacking in the real world, create a variety of pleasant learning situations that are conducive to the input experience, make learners "learn in entertainment, learn in It is dedicated to serving medical students and medical workers, providing learners with an adaptive, fragmented and gamified mobile learning environment, realizing an innovative attempt to achieve student-centered and education 4.0, providing them with a new mode of hospital teaching experience by conducting "situational simulation of hospital practice and testing" on mobile terminals for teaching content, etc. The system is designed and finally implemented through the teaching content of "simulated hospital practice and test" on mobile terminals, which is a new attempt in the modern medical teaching field of gamified mobile learning.
Efficacy of a novel polyoxazoline based hemostatic patch in liver and spleen surgery
Authors: Roozen Edwin , Lomme Roger , Calon Nicole , Broek Richard ten , Goor Harry van 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND:A new hemostatic sealant based on a N-hydroxy-succinimide polyoxazoline (NHS-POx) polymer was evaluated to determine hemostatic efficacy and long-term wound healing and adverse effects in a large animal model of parenchymal organ surgical bleeds.METHODS:Experiment 1 included 20 pigs that were treated with two NHS-POx patch prototypes (a gelatin fibrous carrier (GFC) with NHS-POx and an oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-NHS-POx:NU-POx (nucleophilically activated polyoxazoline)), a blank gelatin patch (GFC-Blank), TachoSil®, and Veriset™ to stop moderate liver and spleen punch bleedings. After various survival periods (1-6 weeks), pigs were re-operated to evaluate patch degradation and parenchymal healing. During the re-operation experiment 2 was performed; partial liver and spleen resections with severe bleeding, and hemostatic efficacy was evaluated under normal and heparinized conditions of the two previous prototypes and one additional NHS-POx patch. In the third experiment an improved NHS-POx patch (GATT-Patch; GFC-NHS-POx and added 20% as nucleophilically activated polyoxazoline; NU-POx) was compared with TachoSil®, Veriset™ and GFC-Blank on punch bleedings and partial liver and spleen resections for rapid (10 seconds) hemostatic efficacy.RESULTS:NHS-POx-based patches showed better (GFC-NHS-POx 83.1 %, ORC-PLGA-NHS-POx: NU-POx 98.3%) hemostatic efficacy compared to TachoSil® (25.0%) and GFC blank (43.3%), and comparable efficacy with Veriset™ (96.7%) on moderate standardized punch bleedings on liver and spleen. All patches demonstrated gradual degradation over 6 weeks with a reduced local inflammation rate and an improved wound healing. For severe bleedings under non-heparinized conditions, hemostasis was achieved in 100% for Veriset™, 40% for TachoSil, and 80-100% for the three NHS-POx prototypes; similar differences between patches remained for heparinized conditions. In experiment 3, GATT-Patch, Veriset™, TachoSil and GFC-Blank reached hemostasis after 10 seconds in 100%, 42.8%, 7.1% and 14.3% respectively, and at 3 minutes in 100%, 100%, 14.3% and 35.7% respectively, on all liver and spleen punctures and resections.CONCLUSIONS:NHS-POx-based patches, and particularly the GATT-Patch, are fast in achieving effective hemostatic sealing on standardized moderate and severe bleedings without apparent long term adverse events.
Spatio-temporal change in the glaciers of Astore Basin (North-Western Himalaya), between 2016 and 2021 by using Sentinel-2 satellite data
Authors: gul rahman , Khan Saad , Ullah Rehman , Bibi Sidra , Ali Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Pakistani Himalayan glaciers are major component of freshwater environment. However, previous studies suggest that their existence is under direct of global warming. we estimated the glacier dynamics of Bazin, Chhongpher and Chongra glaciers in Astore Basin (Northwestern Himalaya) in terms of Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA), snout variation position and statistical analysis of climate trends assessment between 2016 and 2021. A quaterly trend analysis was carried out on climate data (temperature, precipitation, river discharge) to evaluate the climate pattern in the Astore Basin. The net retreating change is higher in the Bazin glacier (2.1 sqkm) as compared to the Chhongpher (1.1 Sqkm) and Chongra (1.2 Sqkm) glaciers. A maximum retreat of the snout position was observed as 1595 m in Bazin glacier, 3260 m in Chhongpher glacier, and 960 m in Chongra glacier. In the Astore Basin of the Himalaya region we applied the accumulation area ratio (AAR) and accumulation area balance ratio (AABR) for ELA calculation. Two parameters are provided to determine AAR-ELAs with 0.05 interval between 0.4 and 0.8 and AABR-ELAs with 0.01 interval between 0.9 and 4.4. A 200 m ELA decrease from 6021 to 5821 m of Bazin glacier adjusted its geometries for constant AAR of 0.4–0.45, by reducing ~ 8% area. Furthermore, it is concluded that the value of ELAs is extremely dependent on the rebuilt three dimensional glacier surfaces.
Effect of Power Oscillations Suppression Strategy on the Internal Behavior of MMC-HVDC During Unbalanced Grid Conditions
Authors: Fawzi Mahmoud , Elsanabary Ahmed , Mekhilef Saad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Modular Multilevel Converter based High Voltage Direct Current (MMC-HVDC) transmission systems are becoming a well-established technology in transmitting electrical power over very long distances. However, the performance of these systems under unbalanced grid conditions still faces challenging problems. One of the most important control targets is to eliminate the 2nd harmonic power oscillations by selecting the suitable set of current references. Among different power oscillation suppression techniques, Positive Negative Sequence Control (PNSC) and Instantaneous Active and Reac-tive Control (IARC) are considered the most important. However, it is found that, only PNSC is usually considered in all of the references that studied the internal behaviour of MMC during unbalanced conditions when power oscillation suppression is targeted. This is because IARC injects odd harmonics in line currents which results in distorted arm currents and energies among the phases. This paper aims to study the behaviour of the MMC internal variables in case of using IARC. A detailed harmonic analysis of the MMC internal currents and energies is provided. The system is simulated using Matlab-Simulink and validated using HiL technology under different unbalanced grid conditions. The obtained results are then evaluated and compared to that of PNSC to highlight the major differences. It is found that, IARC strategy is more powerful in suppressing power oscillations with simpler structure but with the cost of higher harmonic contents of internal currents and arm energies compared to PNSC strategy. Also, a modified internal energy controller using low pass filters instead of notch filters to eliminate higher order harmonics in the circulating current is proposed in this paper.
Abies hidalgensis: Effect of forest extraction on a threatened and microendemic species
Authors: Rosales-Islas Elena , Octavio-Aguilar Pablo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Demography is a key area for obtaining information for monitoring and conserving threatened plants. Abies hidalgensis is a microendemic species of Hidalgo state, listed as threatened in the category VuD2 in the IUCN Red List but not mentioned in the Mexican regulation NOM-059-SEMARNAT due to low existing information. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of forest extraction on demographic aspects of Abies hidalgensis. Individuals over 1.5 m tall and with diameters at chest height over 2.5 cm were censused in nine populations with different management conditions. Seedlings were counted in 0.1 ha circles, and their age was registered. Taller individuals were grouped with a cluster analysis and contrasted between extraction treatments by a generalized discriminant function analysis. These groups were used to build static life tables showing fecundity by stage, and the individual numbers from each treatment and population were resampled with a Markovian 10,000-step bootstrap procedure to calculate a stochastic population growth rate. The seedling data was also contrasted by a generalized discriminant function analysis. An age estimation model was fitted to determine age based on diameters. Forest exploitation causes loss of the biggest trees, leading to a notable change of the population structure with an increase of seedlings, loss of fecundity, dominance of small plants, average age decrease, and a decrease in the stochastic population growth rate. However, even when the nine populations are growing, management activities generate a greater risk of mortality in the initial stages and loss of fertile adults.
Effect of Sunitinib against Echinococcus multilocularis through inhibition of VEGFA-induced angiogenesis
Authors: Jiang Huijiao , Wang Xiaoyi , Guo Lijiao , Tan Xiaowu , Gui Xianwei , Liao Zhenyu , Li Zhiwei , Chen Xueling , Wu Xiangwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a lethal zoonosis caused by the fox-tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. The disease is difficult to treat, and an effective therapeutic drug is urgently needed. Echinococcus multilocularis-associated angiogenesis is required by the parasite for growth and metastasis; however, whether antiangiogenic therapy is effective for treating AE is unclear.
Methods
In vivo efficacy of sunitinib malate (SU11248) was evaluated in mice by secondary infection with E. multilocularis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to evaluate treatment effects on serum IL-4 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A levels after SU11248 treatment. Gross morphological observations and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate the impact of SU11248 on angiogenesis and the pro-angiogenic factors VEGFA and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) expressions in the metacestode tissues. Furthermore, the anthelmintic effects of SU11248 were tested on E. multilocularis metacestodes in vitro. The effect of SU11248 on the expression of VEGFA, VEGFR2, and phosphorylated VEGFR2 (p-VEGFR2) in liver cells infected with protoscoleces in vitro was detected by western blotting, RT-qPCR, and ELISA. The influence of SU11248 on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) proliferation and migration was determined using CCK8 and Transwell assays.
Results
In vivo, SU11248 treatment markedly reduced neovascular lesion formation and substantially inhibited E. multilocularis metacestode growth in mice. Further, it exhibited high anti-hydatid activity as efficiently as Albendazole (ABZ), and the treatment resulted in reduced protoscolex development. In addition, VEGFA, VEGFR2, and p-VEGFR2 expression was significantly decreased in the metacestode tissues after SU11248 treatment. However, no effect of SU11248 on serum IL-4 levels was observed. In vitro, SU11248 exhibited some anthelmintic effects and damaged the cellular structure in the germinal layer of metacestodes at concentrations below those generally considered acceptable for treatment (0.12–0.5 µM). Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and ELISA showed that in co-cultured systems, only p-VEGFR2 levels tended to decrease with increasing SU11248 concentrations. Furthermore, SU11248 was less toxic to Reuber rat hepatoma (RH) cells and metacestodes than to EPCs, and 0.1 µM SU11248 entirely inhibited EPC migration to the supernatants of liver cell and protoscolex cocultures.
Conclusions
Our results indicated that SU11248 may primarily inhibit E. multilocularis-associated angiogenesis by suppressing the host VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling pathway, thus decelerating parasite growth. Inhibition of VEGFA-induced angiogenesis is may thus be a novel approach for treating AE.
EARMNet:A Fast and Accurate Semantic Segmentation Network with Lightweight Efficient Asymmetric Residual Module
Authors: Shen Siyuan , Zhai Zhengjun , Chen Jichen , Yan Youyu , Chen Wenqi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recently years, semantic segmentation has had extensive usage in many scenarios. Most real-world applications both require high prediction accuracy and running efficiency. To this end, we present a novel lightweight semantic segmentation method to pursue a balance between prediction accuracy and running efficiency. We first design our Efficient Asymmetric Residual Module (EARM) to capture local and context features with a lower computation cost. Following that, we introduce a novel Image Decomposition Attention Mechanism (IDAM) to fuse the feature map from different stages. Based on EARM, we arrange two EARM blocks with gradually increasing dilation rates as the main part of our method. Besides, we show a Lightweight Mutual-Attention Decoder (LMAD) to recover the detailed information effectively. Extensive experiments on Cityscapes and Camvid datasets show that our model achieves 73.3\% and 71.7\% mIoU along with 150 and 131 FPS on the Cityscapes and Camvid datasets respectively
Towards a Real Comprehension of Social Networks Effects on Cybermedia Web Traffic: Quantitative Impact in the 27 European Union Countries Most Popular Online Journals
Authors: Valcarce David Parra , Arias Santiago Martínez , Muñoz Sergio Mena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Scientific literature pays considerable attention to the study of development and consolidation of social networks in general and their influence on the information industry and journalism in particular. However, there are no global studies on their quantitative impact on the web traffic of cybermedia. This article focuses on this aspect and examines the impact that social networks have on the overall web traffic generated by the cybermedia of the 27 countries that are currently part of the European Union. For this purpose, the five cybermedia with the highest number of unique visitors in each country were selected and, using a tool such as SimilarWeb that considers flows from desktop and laptop computers, a set of variables referring directly or indirectly to social networks were analyzed, comparing this magnitude with those corresponding to direct traffic and search procedures. The data obtained allow us to conclude that of the total web traffic generated among the European Union cybermedia with the highest number of unique visitors, only 9.858% is directly attributable to social networks, a figure lower than magnitudes such as direct traffic (54.493%) or search procedures (26.041%). With percentage differences, this situation is applicable to all 27 countries examined and calls into question aspects such as the large amount of human and economic resources that the information industry allocate to the management social networks and the constant debate generated around the impact that they have on the shaping of public opinion and their incidence in phenomena such as disinformation or disintermediation.