bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indicadores qualitativos da argumentação dialógica:
Authors: Lima Valderez Marina do Rosário , Duarte Brandolt Borges Thelma 
Published: June 2023

A presente pesquisa movimentou-se em direção ao desenvolvimento da argumentação dialógica no ensino e na aprendizagem em Ciências. Com caráter teórico, o estudo reuniu e articulou referenciais que, analisados por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva, receberam nova conformação interpretativa, de elaboração própria. O delineamento proposto objetivou construir indicadores qualitativos para acompanhar o desenvolvimento da argumentação dialógica em aulas de Ciências. Destaca-se como questão de pesquisa a ser respondida: Que indicadores expressam o desenvolvimento da argumentação dialógica no ensino de Ciências? Resultaram como indicadores a serem valorizados na argumentação dialógica: a problematização do conhecimento; o incentivo à participação discente; a análise das informações iniciais emergentes; a solicitação e exploração de justificativas, contrapontos e objeções; a realização de encaminhamentos para continuidade do processo argumentativo; a sistematização das discussões; a reflexão sobre os processos; e a análise dos conhecimentos reconstruídos.
Influencia de la altitud en la morfología y peso de las almendras de cacao en el departamento Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Nuñez-Rodríguez José de Jesús , González-Verjel May Stefanny , Ramírez-Novoa Luisa Lorena , Carvajal-Rodríguez Julio César 
Published: June 2023

La producción de cacao es un tema ampliamente estudiado por los investigadores, no obstante, el comportamiento del rendimiento y características de las almendras en diferentes pisos altitudinales evidencia en la literatura científica publicada un escaso abordaje. El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer la relación entre la morfología y peso de las almendras de cacao (Theobroma cacao, L) en relación a 6 gradientes altitudinales, desde los 0 hasta los 1.200 m. s.n.m., en el departamento Norte de Santander (Colombia). En cada gradiente se seleccionaron al azar 5 fincas y analizaron las cosechas 2019 y 2020, para un total de 60 observaciones. Por muestra se determinaron los pesos y el porcentaje de cascarillas en 100 almendras secas (n=100) y; la morfología (largo, ancho y espesor) en 20 almendras secas (n=20). Los datos se analizaron con estimadores estadísticos descriptivos, análisis de la varianza y pruebas de Tukey. El estudio determinó una relación positiva entre la altitud, el peso y la morfología de las almendras al obtenerse los mayores valores en el gradiente de 801-1000 m. s.n.m. (147,47 g ± 10,36 g) y; menores entre los 0-200 m.s.n.m. (130,6 g ± 17,40 g); en la morfología de las almendras el gradiente de 801-1000 m.s.n.m. obtuvo mayores volúmenes promedios (2,766 cm3) y el gradiente de 201-400 m.s.n.m. valores más bajos (2,452 cm3). El porcentaje de cascarilla evidenció una relación inversamente proporcional con respecto a la altitud con valores bajos en el gradiente de 801-1000 m.s.n.m. (11,08% ± 0,79%) y altos entre los 201-400 m.s.n.m. (14,05% ± 0,92%)
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of antiretroviral therapy regimes in the Syrian Arab Republic
Authors: Gushchina Yu. Sh. , Abramov А. Yu. , Haitham Y. J. 
Published: June 2023

Background. Due to the significant prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and limited funding in the Syrian Arab Republic (SAR), pharmacoeconomic study of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens is relevant, as it allows to choose a rational, pharmacoeconomically reasonable therapy for HIV-infected patients.Objective: to perform pharmacoeconomic analysis of ART regimens HIV-infected in patients in SAR.Material and methods. The following algorithm of actions was used: assessment of the cost of prescribed antiretroviral drugs; cost analysis of applied ART regimens. From the auction documentation, information was taken on the total number of purchased drugs and their cost at the end of the auction. To calculate prices in rubles, currency conversion was carried out as of January 1, 2021. To calculate the cost of an assigned regimen, the summation of the costs of its components was carried out. Based on the obtained data, the average cost of combinations of certain antiretroviral drugs classes was calculated. To predict the results of using various ART regimens for 5 years, discounting was used for each year of the time horizon, except for the first year.Results. It was revealed that the most expensive drugs are the reserve series: Fuzeon® (enfuvirtide; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Switzerland) – 66,492.1 rubles and Isentress® (raltegravir; Merck Sharp & Dohme, Netherlands) – 31,634.6 rubles, and the lowest price per package was noted for Russian drugs Timazid® (zidovudine) – 471.0 rubles and Nikavir® (phosphazide) – 743.8 rubles (both – AZT Pharma K.B. LLC, Russia). The average cost of the first prescribed regimen was 8,970.0 rubles/month, while the most expensive first-line regimens included a protease inhibitors class drug as the third component. As a result of the analysis of the cost of second-line and third-line regimens, it was revealed that the average cost of second-line therapy per month exceeded the average cost of first-line therapy by 4 times (40,154.2 rubles/month). The initial “azidothymidine, zidovudine / lamivudine + efavirenz” group had fewer hospitalizations, lower mortality, and fewer years of life expectancy lost than on “azidothymidine, zidovudine / lamivudine + atazanavir, ritonavir” and “phosphazide + didanosine + efavirenz” regimens.Conclusion. A pharmacoepidemiological study showed that the cost of second-line therapy per month was 40,154.2 rubles, which exceeded the average cost of first-line therapy by 4 times (9,266.1 rubles). It was revealed that the average cost of the first prescribed ART regimen based on two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and protease inhibitor was 2 times higher than the average cost of regimens based on two NRTIs + non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, which, along with clinical aspects, raised the question of the expediency of their appointment as first-line regimens.
MEASUREMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LATVIA
Authors: Bulis Aldis , Onževs Oskars 
Published: June 2023

Current paradigm of economic development is sustainable development. Sustainable development is the challenge for governments, companies and households because significant additional investments and innovations, changes in production and consumption habits are required. These changes have to be made because resources are limited and existence of our world is endangered – too much resources are used and too much waste is generated by people. This problem is recognized by the United Nations that set 17 Goals of Sustainable Development in 2015. Review of scientific literature indicates that countries measure their sustainable development in different ways because countries have different development levels, as well as different social, economic and environmental problems. Thus the aim of this research is to identify Latvian approach measuring sustainable development and assess sustainable development in Latvia. Sustainable development in Latvia is measured by indicators defined in Sustainable Development Strategy in Latvia until 2030. The methods applied in this study are literature review and regression analysis. This study reveals Latvian progress in sustainable development and relationship among strategic indicators of sustainable development in Latvia.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF SOME WHEAT CULTIVARS TO THERMAL STRESS
Authors: Dunaiska Tatjana , Batjuka Anna , Petjukevičs Aleksandrs , Škute Natalja 
Published: June 2023

Plants are exposed during their development to the influence of various stressful factors, both abiotic and biotic in natural conditions of habitation. Thermal stress is likely the most important abiotic factor that adversely affects plant growth and development. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most economically important crops worldwide. In this study, three Latvian winter wheat cultivars ´Creator´, ´Galerist´, and ´Skagen´ were used as a research model that were subjected to short-term high temperature (42°C, 1 h) and analyzed for the following growth parameters (maximum length of root, length of first leaf and coleoptile as well as seedlings weight). In general, short-term high temperature caused an insignificant reduction in almost all growth criteria like the first leaf growth, coleoptile growth, seedlings weight, and maximal root growth in wheat cultivars ´Skagen´ and ´Galerist´ at the 6th day of development. Furthermore, almost all growth characteristics were stimulated by short-term high temperature in the wheat cultivar ´Creator´. A slowing of the growth processes under the influence of short-term thermal stress revealed varietal specificity on the impact of this stressor on the morphological structure of cereal, which makes it possible to diagnose the stress tolerance of wheat cultivars.
ACCUMULATED LABORATORY DATA IN B12 VITAMIN BLOOD LEVEL TIME DEPENDENCY STUDIES IN PATIENTS WITH MYELOMA, LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AND MYELOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN LATVIA
Authors: Gavars Didzis , Auce Agris , Tauckels Ēriks , Miķelsone Agnese , Tutane Anna Inese 
Published: June 2023

Vitamin B12 blood level in patients with myeloma (C90 - International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10)), lymphocytic leukemia (C91) and myeloblastic leukemia (C92) prior and after the diagnosis and also BCR-ABL (fusion gene from breakpoint cluster region BCR gene and tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 (Abelson murine leukemia) gene) tests for C92 patients were studied.Clinical records of 20 C92 patients in Riga East University Hospital were complemented with 6987 B12 clinical test data accumulated in E Gulbis laboratory (EGL) for 7451 patients over 20 years period. BCR-ABL and B12 dynamics for 11 patients with sufficient number of BCRABL and B12 tests were studied.Oracle Cloud with pseudonymized data replica from more than 350 000 000 original EGL clinical test data was used. The data were selected by online analytical processing and SQL built in tools and then used in offline analysis and visualization.Annually there are 107, 189 and 91 confirmed cases of C90, C91 and C92 in Latvia. EGL has 30% more C90-92 patients, due to suspected but later unconfirmed cases. Out of 7451 patients 1386 had one B12 test, two- 548, three and more- 864. The patients with diagnosis fluctuating between C90, C91 and C92 were excluded from the study. The data for the time period of 10 years before and after the first diagnosis were analyzed.Results. Methods and tools for data extraction and analysis from large amount of archived clinical test data were developed and applied. High and very high B12 level was observed for 53% of C92 patients starting from 3 years prior to diagnosis. For C90 and C91 patients B12 level changes around the diagnosis date were also observed although the effect was considerably smaller. Analysis of 11 selected patient data with clinical records showed timewise correlation between B12 and BCR-ABL for 3 of the patients.
MULTIPLE PATH PARTICLE DOSIMETRY MODEL CONCEPT AND ITS APPLICATION TO DETERMINE RESPIRATORY TRACT HAZARDS IN THE 3D PRINTING
Authors: Borisova Anna , Rudus Karīna , Pavlovska Ilona , Martinsone Žanna , Mārtiņsone Inese 
Published: June 2023

The Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model is computer software that estimates and visualizes the deposition, clearance, and retention of particles in the respiratory tract systems of humans, rats, and other species. The mathematical model provides a broad spectrum of settings and input options. This research aims to explore the MPPD model concept and determine the deposition fraction (DF), clearance, and retained mass in the human respiratory tract (HRT) based on the geometric mean diameter (GMD) and mass concentration (MC) of particulate matter (PM) emitted during the 3D printing process. We used the real-time air sample data collected during the 8-hour working shift in the 3D printing office. Ultrafine PM deposits mainly in lungs (56%), fine PM mostly deposits in the upper respiratory tract (URT) (41%) and lungs (39%), but coarse PM mostly deposits in the URT (81%). The biggest DF in lower respiratory tract is ultrafine PM (487 μg), the smaller DF is coarse PM (185 μg) and the smallest DF is fine PM (123 μg). The biggest DF in lung for all PM - lower lobes (fine PM - 60%, ultrafine PM, coarse PM - 61%). In a model, where exposure was 5 hours a day, five days a week, during one month, followed by one year of post-exposure period, it was shown that retained mass in the tracheobronchial (TB) region was 1% for ultrafine and coarse PM each, 2% for fine PM, and 55% for all PM in the pulmonary region. The MPPD software is an easily accessible and valuable tool for assessing the impact of PM on the HRT. Particulate matter decreasing in diameter, tend to deposit mostly in the deeper levels of HRT. Tracheobronchial region clearance is more rapid than pulmonary region clearance. Potentially for persons using the 3D-printer regularly the worst health impact could be associated with smaller size of PM, due to tendency deposit mostly in pulmonary region where the clearance rate is slower.
STUDY OF THE UNLOADING AND SELECTION PROCESS OF ENERGY WILLOW CUTTINGS FOR THE CREATION A PLANTING MACHINE
Authors: Yermakov Serhii , Hutsol Taras , Gerasymchuk Igor , Fedirko Pavlo , Dubik Viktor 
Published: June 2023

The article highlights the problems of ensuring continuous unloading of energy willow cuttings from slotted bunkers. During the free discharge of rod-like bodies, such phenomena as crypt formations, distortions, pinching occur, which stop the discharge under the action of gravity. Finding such parameters, under which the system will work evenly and without stops, will make it possible to automate many processes related to working with such material, in particular, when developing a piecemeal selection mechanism for a planting machine. The study revealed and analyzed the possible forms of vaults that are formed during unloading from creating obstacles to movement. As a hopper model, for unloading cuttings, a slotted hopper in the form of two walls located at angles to the horizontal plane is considered. These walls form an unloading slot with adjustable width of the unloading window and an adjustable tilt angle. During the study, vaults were recorded, which are formed at different parameters of the bunker during free unloading. As research has shown, in order to ensure uninterrupted unloading of cuttings, there is such a width of the unloading window of the hopper, which will ensure uniform pouring of cuttings without crypt formations and stops associated with this process. The analysis of continuous discharge of rod-like material established that for cuttings of energy willow, the width of the window, which ensures continuous discharge, is 8-12 cm.
The 12 July 1993 Hokkaido-Nansei-Oki, Japan, earthquake: Effects of source complexity on surface-wave radiation
Authors: Kuge Keiko , Zhang Jiajun , Kikuchi Masayuki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present an analysis of the data dependency of surface-wave inversions for source parameters of the 12 July 1993 Hokkaido-Nansei-Oki, Japan, earthquake. This dependency is demonstrated by differences between source mechanisms obtained from different data sets, particularly from Rayleigh waves or Love waves, although inversions of various data sets yield unanimously thrust-fault mechanisms. For the inversion of Rayleigh waves, the mechanism is characterized by a shallow-dipping west-plunging nodal plane, which is consistent with P-wave first-motion data and the distribution of aftershocks close to the hypocenter. However, for the inversion of both Rayleigh and Love waves, the mechanism is characterized by a shallow-dipping east-plunging nodal plane. Several numerical experiments were carried out to test a hypothesis that the data dependency is attributed to the effects of source complexity on the surface-wave radiation, with the source complexity being characterized by tempo-spatial changes in focal mechanism and moment release during the rupture process. The experiments show that source parameters obtained from inversions of surface waves with periods as long as a few hundred seconds can be largely affected by using various models of source complexity proposed previously for the Hokkaido earthquake, and the effects on Love waves tend to be systematically different from those on Rayleigh waves. Our preferred source model is characterized by significant tempo-spatial changes in focal mechanism. The experiments based on this model provide a good explanation for the data dependency, although our analysis cannot completely reject the alternative explanation that attributes the dependency to the manifestation of errors in modeling the surface-wave propagation and/or inversion instability. The model is consistent with the data of body waves and long-period surface waves for a very broad frequency band, implying the existence of weak zones with various fault geometries along the eastern margin of the Japan Sea.
Site response for urban Los Angeles using aftershocks of the Northridge earthquake
Authors: Hartzell Stephen , Leeds Alena , Frankel Arthur , Michael John 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ground-motion records from aftershocks of the 1994 Northridge earthquake are used to estimate site response in the urban Los Angeles area. Over 1300 shear-wave records from 61 sources and 90 sites are used in a linear inversion for source and site-response spectra. The methodology makes no assumptions about the shape of the source spectrum. To obtain a stable unique inverse, a Q model and geometrical spreading factor are assumed. In addition, the site response at a hard-rock site is constrained to be approximately 1.0 with a kappa of 0.02. The site-response spectra compare favorably with the results of previous and on-going investigations in Los Angeles. A couple of first-order effects are lower site response in the surrounding mountains, dominated by Mesozoic and Tertiary rocks, and higher values in the San Fernando and Los Angeles Basins, containing surficial Pleistocene and Holocene alluvial deposits. Results show good correlation of high site-response spectral values with localized areas of severe damage (Interstate 10 collapse, Sherman Oaks, Northridge, Interstate 5/14 collapse). However, widespread trends in site response across the sedimentary basins are not obvious. The data suggest that site responses are lower near the southern margin of the San Fernando Valley for sources to the north, due to north-dipping sedimentary structures. But the general pattern of site response is characterized by high variability on length scales less than a kilometer. Variations of a factor of 2 in site response are observed over the length scale of 200 m and for the same surficial geologic unit. For some of the alluvial basin sites, surface-wave generation is a significant contributor to elevated site response at lower frequencies, below 2 Hz. The total damage pattern for the Northridge earthquake is influenced by strong source directivity to the north and strong local site effects. The correlation of weak-motion site-response estimates with areas of significant damage demonstrates the value of these field measurements in future urban planning and in the reduction of seismic risk in urban areas.
Incidents of ground failure from the 1994 Northridge earthquake
Authors: Stewart Jonathan P. , Seed Raymond B. , Bray Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Numerous incidents of ground failure from the 1994 Northridge earthquake caused thousands of pipe breaks and damaged many structures. In this article, significant occurrences of ground failure in the San Fernando Valley, Simi Valley, Santa Clara River area, central Los Angeles, and a number of coastal areas are described, and the likely culprit mechanisms are identified. Ground failure in many areas could be readily associated with liquefaction and/or seismically induced compaction of young alluvial soils or fill materials previously known to have a high ground failure susceptibility. However, ground failure also occurred in areas not previously thought to be susceptible to such hazards. Taken together, these incidents provide insight into a variety of ground failure phenomena that can affect urban areas during earthquakes.
The Efficacy of the Smart-Rehabilitation Program in Patients After the Correction of Valvular Heart Diseases
Authors: Rozhnev V. V. , Gorbunova E. V. , Sadovnikov A. V. , Lyapina I. N. , Barbarash O. L. 
Published: June 2023

Aim Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of a new approach, "SMART rehabilitation of patients after heart valve replacement", which includes, in addition to face-to-face training, Internet technologies in the form of video conferencing, the mobile application "Calculation of the warfarin dose", and a traditional program for educating patients after correction of valvular defects.Material and methods The study included 190 patients with prosthetic heart valves. The main group consisted of 98 patients who completed a distance learning course. The control group included 92 patients participating in face-to-face training. Clinical and instrumental examinations (electrocardiography, echocardiography, determination of international normalized ratio (INR)), and surveys to evaluate awareness, compliance with treatment, and quality of life (QoL) were performed.Results At baseline, the awareness, compliance and QoL did not differ between the compared groups. After 6-month follow-up, the mean score of awareness increased by 53.6 % (р=0.0001). The compliance with treatment increased 3.3 times in the main group and 1.7 times in the control group (p=0.0247). Patients of the main group were more prone to self-management (p=0.0001), had better medical and social awareness (p=0.0335), medical and social communicability (p=0.0392), confidence in the therapeutic strategy of the attending physician (p=0.0001), and treatment effectiveness (p=0.0057). Analysis of QoL showed increases in living activity 2.1 times (р=0.0001), social functioning 1.6 times (р=0.0001), and mental health 1.9 times (р=0.0001).Conclusion The novel approach of distance learning, "SMART rehabilitation of patients after heart valve replacement", provides improvements in awareness, compliance with treatment and QoL.
Possible predictors of stroke in patients with atrial microfibrillation
Authors: Aydın Cihan 
Published: June 2023

Background Very short-lasting episodes of AF-like activity (micro-AF) may be precursors of undiagnosed silent episodes of atrial fibrillation. In this study, we examined the relationship between increased left atrial sphericity index (LASI) and stroke in patients with micro-AF.Material and Methods A total of 100 consecutive patients with micro-AF enrolled in this study. The histories, cranial magnetic resonance, and computed tomography images of these patients were scanned from the hospital database. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they had a stroke. LASI was calculated as a fraction of the left atrial maximum volume to the left atrial volume of the sphere in a 4‑chamber view. Atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) intervals were calculated from the atrial wall and atrioventricular valve annulus levels by using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). These two groups were compared in terms of stroke predictors.Results A history of stroke was present in 25 (25 %) patients diagnosed with micro-AF (Group 1). 75 patients did not have stroke (Group 2). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of left atrial lateral wall electromechanical delay (LA lateral AEMD) times, left atrial volume index (LAVI), and left atrial sphericity index (LASI). Findings: LAVI, 40.9±3.72 vs. 29.9±3.84, p<0.001; LASI, 0.84±0.07 vs. 0.66±0.07, p<0.001; LA lateral AEMD, 77.2±4.85 vs. 66.5±3.66, p<0.001.Conclusions Stroke precautions should be taken in patients with micro-AF. New predictive indexes should be given importance. Changes in LASI, LAVI and LA lateral AEMD values may be a predictor of stroke in patients with micro AF.