bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Synergic Entropy : a parametric volatility boosted by synergy among companies
Authors: Videira Henrique de Carvalho 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The theory equates the maximum output deviations (efficient frontier) caused by combined inputs with affinity-synergy in a system, which leads to a parametric volatility – a curve that is similar to data envelopment analysis. The input is a cumulative variable (e.g: merged assets) and the output is a flow variable (e.g.: merged incomes). Rather than being purely stochastic, volatility is estimated by a novel parameter for risk named synergy, which is constrained by critical input (scarce resources). The outputacceleration derived from the mergers among inputs, boosted by synergy, is the main foundation of the approach, which special case gives Shannon and Boltzmann-Gibbs entropies. Tests are done in the 11 USA Sectors over their quarterly financial statements, proving that synergy is significant for financial statements, whereas typical betas only present significance in stock market data. A practical application is a novel discount rate for valuation using synergy, whose results for each sector are stable and coherent with perceived risk. Systems that rely on causal relations between output and multiple inputs can be regressed under novel parameters, rather than reckoning exclusively in optimization procedures.
The NuroSleeve, A User-Centered 3D Printed Orthosis and Functional Electrical Stimulation System for Individuals with Upper Extremity Impairment
Authors: Khantan Mehdi , Avery Mikael , Aung Phyo Thuta , Zarin Rachel Marie , Hammelef Emma , Shawki Nabila , Serruya Mijail Demian , Napoli Alessandro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Active upper extremity (UE) assistive devices have the potential to restore independent functional movement in individuals with UE impairment due to neuromuscular diseases or injury-induced chronic weakness. Academically fabricated UE assistive devices are not usually optimized for Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), whereas commercially available alternatives are prohibitively expensive. Both options are typically difficult to don and doff and are cumbersome for extensive daily use. To overcome these limitations, we have designed, developed, and clinically validated the NuroSleeve, an innovative user-centered UE orthosis.
Methods: This study introduces the design, implementation, and clinical evaluation of the NuroSleeve, a user-centered, lightweight, affordable, easy to don and doff 3D-printed UE active orthosis for improving function and independence in individuals living with UE neuromuscular impairment. Our primary goals are to develop a customized active UE brace that individuals with UE impairment can use to perform ADLs and to evaluate the benefits of incorporating the device into occupational therapy sessions. The trial is designed as a prospective, open-label, single-cohort feasibility study of eight-week sessions combined with at-home use of the device and implements an iterative device design process where feedback from participants and therapists inform future design improvements.
Results: All participants learned how to independently don, doff, and use the NuroSleeve in ADLs, both in clinical therapy and in their home environments. All participants showed improvements in their Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), which was the primary clinical trial outcome measure. Furthermore, the participants and therapists provided valuable feedback to guide further development.
Conclusions: Our results from non-clinical testing and clinical evaluation demonstrate that the NuroSleeve has met performance and safety requirements and effectively improves independent voluntary function during ADLs. The study’s encouraging preliminary findings indicate that the NuroSleeve has met its technical and clinical objectives while improving on the limitations of the existing UE orthoses due to its personalized and flexible approach to hardware and firmware design.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04798378,
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04798378, date of registration: March 15, 2021.
PCSK9 inhibitor cooperatively with high triglyceride induces adverse pregnancy outcomes by impairing mitochondrial function
Authors: Gu Hui , Huang Wanqi , Fu Jialin , Liu Yusi , Zhang Yanqiu , Huang Tianchu , Wei Xiaowei , Liu Dan , Luo Wenting , Ma Wei , Cao Songying , Jia Shanshan , He Yiwen , Ding Siyu , Li Xiaoshuai , Yuan Zhengwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The two monoclonal antibodies targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), namely evolocumab and alirocumab, were first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015. PCSK9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) has served as a viable new therapeutic option to lower cholesterol levels and associated cardiovascular events. However, a better understanding of safety issue of PCSK9i is necessarily needed. We present here an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including stillbirths and embryonic defects, particularly neural tube defects, following PCSK9i treatment harnessing a high-fat diet-based mouse model. Proteomics of PCSK9i-treated neural stem cells uncovered that PCSK9i may disrupt mitochondrial function via succinic dehydrogenase complex subunit A (SDHA), which is a key enzyme in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Furthermore, PCSK9i-induced SDHA deficiency combines with high triglyceride to drive the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent apoptosis during embryonic development, which may account for the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our findings reveal the existence of a hitherto unknown risk of PCSK9i in pregnant women, as well as novel gene-environment interaction.
The effects of Hydroxytyrosol on Prdx6 and Insulin expressions in diabetic rat pancreases
Authors: Soylu Hakan , Karacor Kayihan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Diabetes mellitus is a widespread endocrine disease in the world with accompanying chronic hyperglycemia. In this study, we investigated the effect of hydroxytyrosol which exerts an antioxidant effect on the expressions of insülin and Prdx6 that protects cells against oxidative injury in diabetic rat pancreas.
Methods
There were 4 groups in the study. These were control (nondiabetic) group (n:10), hydroxytyrosol group (were administered 10 mg/kg/day p.o. hydroxytyrosol for 30 days) (n:10), streptozotocin group (were administered single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of 55 mg/kg streptozotocin) (n:10) and streptozotocin + hydroxytyrosol group (were administered single i.p. injection of streptozotocin, and were started on 10 mg/kg/day hydroxytyrosol p.o. 48 h later, and were continued for 30 days)(n:10). During the experiment, blood glucose levels were measured with regular intervals. Insulin expression was determined with immunohistochemistry and Prdx6 expression with immunohistochemistry and Western blot.
Results
Blood glucose levels on 21st and 28th-day measurements were significantly lower in the streptozotocin + hydroxytyrosol group compared to streptozotocin group. Insulin and Prdx6 expressions were lower in streptozotocin and streptozotocin + hydroxytyrosol group compared to control and hydroxytyrosol groups. Insulin and Prdx6 expressions in the streptozotocin + hydroxytyrosol group were higher compared to streptozotocin group. Immunohistochemistry findings of Prdx6 and Western blot were the same.
Conclusion
Hydroxytyrosol which is an antioxidant compound, increased Prdx6 and insulin expressions in diabetic rats. Hydroxytyrosol-induced increase in insulin lowered blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Finally, hydroxytyrosol, by increasing Prdx6 expression, decreased chronic hyperglycemia which is observed in diabetes. Thus, hydroxytyrosol might decrease or prevent several hyperglycemia-dependent complications.
Perception of risk and adherence to prophylactic measures to COVID-19: A study with elderly people
Authors: Gonçalves Rafaela Brás , Afonso Rosa Marina , Ramalho Carolina , Pereira Luísa , Abreu Nuno Miguel , Pato Maria Vaz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The present study was designed to evaluate the risk perception of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 in elderly people, what preventive measures they took and to examine the role of perceived risk in preventive behaviors toward COVID-19 in this population.
Methods
Data was collected by telephone interviews, April 15th to April 30th, 2020 during the first COVID-19 outbreak in Portugal. Participants were asked their opinion about the level of risk they thought they were exposed to regarding infection with SARS-CoV-2 and what preventive measures they took to protect themselves. Spearman's correlation was used to assess the relationship between risk perception and number of preventive measures taken.
Results
Our sample consisted of 85 participants from the “Covilhã Aging Study” with a mean age of 79.54 years (SD = 5.04). 36.5% of our participants reported their perception of risk as being “ high or very high”, and men more often than women perceived this risk as “high or very high”. Risk perception is positively associated with age (rS=0.289, p = 0.004), depression (rS=0.281, p = 0.005) and number of preventive measures taken (rS=0.178, p = 0.05). Most participants (94.1%) reported that they stayed at home as much as possible, 49.4% wore a facemask, 55.3% washed hands and 17.6% weared gloves. 55.3% considered age as a vulnerability factor.
Conclusion
Risk perception could contribute to explain the adoption of preventive measures in elderly people. The capacity to assume preventive measures in this group suggests that they are able to take care of themselves, and that forceful confinements may not be needed. The results of this study can be used by health policy makers to focus on effective risk communication, especially for vulnerable groups such as the elderly.
A Quantitative Framework for Sustainability Assessment
Authors: Sharma Pranav , Bandyopadhyay Santanu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sustainability assessment is vital to determine the relative superiority among alternatives, characterized by multiple sustainability indicators. Various methods, such as the Euclidean distance method, geometric mean method, elimination et choice translating reality (ELECTRE), etc., have been suggested in the literature to identify the most sustainable option among alternatives. These diverse approaches adopt different normalization and aggregation formulations (the two most significant steps of any sustainability assessment), leading to conflicting results. This paper proposes a generalized sustainability framework to identify the most suitable alternative quantitatively. The proposed framework identifies various mathematical and physical characteristics of normalization and aggregation processes and identifies mathematical functions that satisfy these characteristics. Based on the desired characteristics, the proposed approach identifies the min-max normalization function and a novel antinorm-based aggregation function as the most appropriate for a quantitative sustainability framework. The applicability of the proposed framework is illustrated via different case studies from the literature: sustainable power plants for electricity generation in Portugal, sustainable feedstock for the biodiesel supply chain, and sustainable negative emission technologies. The results are compared with those reported in the literature, and the efficacy of the suggested framework is demonstrated. The proposed framework may be utilized for multi-criteria decision-making.
A prospective cross-sectional study on post COVID-19 hair loss at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Wadhwa Dhaarna , Monga Avneet , Kumar Neha , Khullar Geeti , Karmakar Sanchita , Khunger Niti 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory virus syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, which resulted in global health care crisis. As patients recovered from COVID-19 infection, hair loss was increasingly observed as a distressing symptom. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of patients presenting with post COVID-19 hair loss between July to December 2021 at a tertiary care centre in north India. Detailed history, clinical examination, trichoscopy and biochemical tests were performed and recorded. COVID-19 disease severity was assessed based on the duration of COVID-19 infection and place of management (home or hospitalized). The study included 120 patients with mean age being 39.6 years. There was female preponderance. Majority of the patients (87%) were treated at home and 43.3% had COVID-19 infection for >2 weeks. Mean visual analog scale (VAS) score for stress was 5.25. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 56.7% and low ferritin in 30% of cases. Mean time of onset of hair loss post COVID-19 was 49 days. Patients mainly presented with diffuse (72.4%) and patterned hair loss (31.6%). Trichodynia was present in 15.8% of cases. The degree of hair loss was severe in 55.8% of the subjects, predominantly in older age group and females. Positive hair pull test was seen in 65% of patients. Most common trichoscopic features included single hair follicles’ (81.7%) and vellus hair >10% (60%). Trichoscopy can aid in unmasking co-existing patterned hair loss in patients presenting clinically with diffuse hair loss. Patients with COVID-19 infection for > 2 weeks had significantly more severe hair loss and VAS score. Trichoscopic findings of vellus hair >10% and empty hair follicles were more frequent in patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Energy Level Transition and giant acoustic resistance
of Magnetic Dipoles
Authors: Wang Xuelin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a new topological material in the paper, Discovery and Characterization of Magnetic Monopoles.was found. When this new topological material absorbs acoustic transverse waves during resonance, its magnetic dipoles undergoes energy level transition, resulting in its great resistance change, i.e. energy level transition and frequency increase in an alternating magnetic field. There is a quantum effect during the change of the magnetic field, which provides theoretical support for basic research and discovery of the paper, Discovery and Characterization of Magnetic Monopoles. Thus, a transverse sound wave giant resistance sensor with high sensitivity, good frequency selectivity and strong directivity has been developed according to this basic principle.
Lethal and sub-lethal implications of sodium chloride exposure for adult Unionid mussel species; Eurynia dilatata and Lasmigona costata
Authors: Burton Erika Alexandra , Atkinson Brian , Salerno Joseph , Khan Hufsa N , Prosser Ryan S , Gillis Patricia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The elevated use of salt as a de-icing agent on roads in Canada is causing an increase in the chloride concentration of freshwater ecosystems. Freshwater Unionid mussels are a group of organisms that are sensitive to increases in chloride levels. Unionids have greater diversity in North America than anywhere else on Earth, but they are also one of the most imperiled group of organisms. This underscores the importance of understanding the effect that increasing salt exposure has on these threatened species. There is more data on the acute toxicity of chloride to Unionids than on chronic toxicity. This study investigated the effect of chronic sodium chloride exposure on the survival and filtering activity of two Unionid species (Eurynia dilatata, and Lasmigona costata,) and assessed the effect on the metabolome in mussel hemolymph. The concentration causing mortality after 28 days of exposure was similar for E. dilatata (1893 mg/L) and L. costata (1903 mg/L). After 7 days of exposure, the concentration causing a 10% decline in the filtering activity of L. costata was 482 mg/L compared to 755 mg/L for E. dilatata. Significant changes in the metabolome of the L. costata hemolymph were observed for mussels exposed to nonlethal concentrations. For example, several phosphatidylethanolamines, several hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, pyropheophorbide-a, and alpha linolenic acid were significantly upregulated in the hemolymph of mussels exposed to 1000 mg Cl−/L for 28 days. While no mortality occurred in the treatment, elevated metabolites in the hemolymph are an indicator of stress.
Finding Noeuds de Liaison in Networks
Authors: SIMISI JEREMIE KAMBALE , Pabico Jaderick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We defined and developed a computational procedure for finding the intermediary nodes in networks we named Noeuds de liaison. A noeud de liaison refers to any cut-vertex v of a graph G but is not a member of any pseudo-clique Qi, ∀ Qi ⊆ G. The pseudo-clique Q is made up of nodes in G that are closely connected to each other, and where the nodes form at least a ring C and at most a complete graph K. The computational procedure took O(V+E) to print out all the noeuds de liaison. Our major finding is that we designed a linear time algorithm and wrote a computer program for computing all the noeuds de liaison in undirected graphs.
Post-hoc Explanation for Twitter List Recommendation
Authors: Noughabi Havva Alizadeh , Behkamal Behshid , Zarrinkalam Fattane , Kahani Mohsen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Twitter List recommender systems have the ability to generate accurate recommendations, but since they utilize heterogeneous user and List information on Twitter and usually apply complex hybrid prediction models, they cannot provide user-friendly intrinsic explanations. In this paper, we propose an explanation model to provide post-hoc explanations for recommended Twitter Lists based on the user’s own actions; and consequently benefits to improve recommendation acceptance by end users. The proposed model includes two main components: (1) candidate explanation generation in which the most semantically related actions of a user on Twitter to the recommended List are retrieved as candidate explanations; and (2) explanation ranking to re-rank candidates based on relatedness to the List and their informativeness. Through experiments on a real-world Twitter dataset, we demonstrate that the proposed explanation model can effectively generate related, informative and useful post-hoc explanations for the recommended Lists to users, while maintaining parity in recommendation performance.
A Three-Dimensional Fretting Contact Model under Oblique Forces in Planetary Gear System
Authors: Niu Rui , Wei Jing , Zhang Aiqiang , Qian Huaming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
With the deepening of the academic research on fretting, fretting is found more and more in the mechanical transmission system. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model of fretting contact under oblique forces is proposed and used to study the fretting contact of homogeneous, heterogeneous smooth surfaces and rough surfaces. The conjugate gradient method is used to deal with the interaction of pressure and tangential force and the fast Fourier transform is used to accelerate the iterative process. The results show that during the process of oblique force loading, the contact area and slip zone increase, and the stick zone decreases. During unloading, the contact area decreases and the stick zone increases rapidly and then decreases. These conclusions are also applicable to oblique force fretting contact on rough surfaces. The determination method and influencing factors of the fretting region between built-up edge and planetary gear inner hole are put forward. The results show that the increase of meshing force, radius of planetary gear inner hole and the decrease of interference fit and friction coefficient have obvious influence on the increase of fretting region.
Numerical study with experimental comparison of the thermophysical properties in a pigmented polymer matrix composite material pigmented with barium titanate
Authors: Belhaouzi Abdessamad , Zyade Souad , Halimi Youssef , Tahiri Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many theoretical and semi-empirical approaches have been developed to determine the thermal conductivity of composites. These models give a better estimate for low filler concentrations. The work in this paper is aimed at the numerical and experimental study of the thermal behavior of polymer matrix composite materials (PSU and BaTiO3). The numerical resolution of the thermal heat transport for an elementary cell is based on the finite element technique. Special attention is paid to the effect of contact resistance, barium titanate fraction, and quenching temperature on the effective thermal conductivity and dynamic behavior of the composite. The obtained results show that the proposed numerical model agrees well with the experimental measurements and the analytical models of Hatta-Taya and Hashin-Shtrikman.
Thermococci-to-Clostridia Pathway for the Evolution of the Bacteria Domain
Authors: Wong Tze-Fei , Chan Chung-Kwon , Xue Hong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
With the identification of an archaeal Last Universal Common Ancestor phylogenetically related to the archaeon Methanopyrus, the origin of Bacteria becomes a choice between independent emergence versus descent from Archaea. The similarity bitscores between paralogous valyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS) and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS) indicated that an Ancestral Bacteria Cluster centred at clostridial Mahella australiensis (Mau) and Thermincola potens (Tpo) were the oldest bacteria. Overall, the high-bitscore bacteria dominated by Clostridia included a number of hydrogen producers. A search for archaea capable of hydrogen production that might be ancestral to the Bacteria domain yielded candidate Archaeal Progenitors led by Thermococci which, like Clostridia, form hydrogen through dark fermentation. A two-domain VARS tree based on Mahella, Thermincola, a broad spectrum of archaea together with a range of well known as well as newly detected species of Thermococci and Euryarchaeota allocated the two Clostridia to a minor-Thermococcal division on the tree containing Thermococi and Euryarchaeota species isolated from high-biodiversity environments. The kinship between Thermoccoci and Clostridia suggested by this allocation was substantiated by highly conserved oligopeptide segments on their VARS sequences, leading to the proposal that a Thermococci-to-Clostridia evolutionary pathway mediated the emergence of the Bacteria domain under conditions of elevated biodiversity.