bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural origin student representation in health courses at the University of Tasmania: 2011–2020
Authors: Jessup Belinda , Tran Nga , Stevens Terri , Barnett Tony 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe longitudinal trends in the admission and completion of domestic Tasmanian rural origin students in health courses at the University of Tasmania (UTAS).MethodsA retrospective audit of records for all domestic Tasmanian students admitted to, or who completed a health course offered by UTAS between 2011 and 2020 was conducted. Data extracted from student records included gender, age, Indigenous background, rural origin (based on residential address outside of Launceston or Hobart at the time of application), health discipline, year of admission and/or completion. Data were analysed in STATA.ResultsBetween 2011 and 2020, 7516 domestic Tasmanian students were admitted to health courses at UTAS, of which 22.6% were rural origin (vs. a rural population of 36.7%). Students admitted were mostly female (77.0%) and studying nursing (51.1%). Rural origin students were more likely to study at the regional campus in Launceston than in Hobart, the capital city (OR, 3.79 [3.4–4.3, p < 0.00]). Over this same period, 5086 students completed a health course. There was little difference in completion rates among regional vs. rural origin students (OR, 1.04 [1.0–1.1, p < 0.00]); however, completion rates decreased with increasing remoteness. Indigenous and male students were less likely to complete than non‐Indigenous (OR, 0.73 [0.7–0.8, p < 0.05]) and female students (OR, 0.97 [1.0–1.0, p < 0.05]) respectively.ConclusionsTasmanian rural origin students are admitted to a range of health courses at UTAS and many complete. However, additional measures are needed to attract a greater number of local rural origin students to study health courses and to support them through to course completion.
Finding kindness: A randomized controlled trial of an online self‐compassion intervention for weight management (SC4WM)
Authors: Brenton‐Peters Jennifer M. , Consedine Nathan S. , Cavadino Alana , Roy Rajshri , Ginsberg Kristin Harrison , Serlachius Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionWeight loss is hard to achieve and even harder to maintain. Engaging in effortful behavioural change to manage body weight can sometimes result in feelings of guilt and shame. Self‐compassion, the tendency to find kindness for oneself in times of struggle, may facilitate coping with the unique challenges of weight management. This study assessed whether a remotely delivered self‐compassion intervention improved weight management outcomes when delivered as a supplement to an existing digital behavioural weight management programme, Weight Watchers (WW).MethodUsing a mixed‐method study design, 249 adults seeking to manage weight were randomized to either the WW programme or WW supplemented with the self‐compassion for weight management intervention (SC4WM). Participants completed measures of self‐compassion, eating behaviour, physical activity, body weight and emotional well‐being along with potential moderators, including weight self‐stigma, eating restraint, psychological coping and perceived stress at baseline, post‐intervention (4 weeks) and follow‐up (12 weeks).ResultsThere was no evidence that the SC4WM intervention had a significantly different effect than WW alone. Other than body weight, all outcomes improved over time in both groups. Self‐compassion was slightly higher overall in the SC4WM group (p = .05), with this group reporting higher self‐kindness at 4 weeks (p = .014) and lower self‐judgement at 12 weeks (p = .023) compared to the control group.ConclusionsAlthough the SC4WM intervention group did show a small increase in self‐kindness and reduction in self‐judgement, weight management outcomes were not improved over and above the existing WW programme. Recommendations for adapting the SC4WM intervention to improve efficacy to augment weight management outcomes are provided.
Best practices for measuring community resources across Canada: A comparison of coding classifications
Authors: Young Marisa , Leipe Sean , Singh Diana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSocial scientists, geographers, criminologists, and health scientists are often tasked with finding data to best capture the impact of “community context” on individual outcomes, including residential services, physical resources, and social institutions. One outlet for such data in Canada is Digital Map Technologies Inc. (DMTI) Spatial, which offers a national repository of over one million businesses and recreational points of interest. The database is generated through CanMap Streetfiles, which includes geocodes of each point's precise location. These data are available to researchers from their university data library and Esri Canada, but primarily available to private sector and government markets. That said, the goal of the current paper is to encourage researchers to access this rich yet under‐utilized data source. Each service, business, or resource in the DMTI Spatial database is assigned to a respective category using Standard Industrial Classification codes and North American Industrial Classification System codes. It is not clear, however, which is the more reliable coding criteria. We provide an overview of our review of DMTI Spatial data and take‐away suggestions for using this valuable resource for future research on meso‐level residential markers.
Gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel for pancreatic cancer and interstitial lung disease: A nationwide longitudinal study
Authors: Saito Kei , Michihata Nobuaki , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Jo Taisuke , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Nakai Yousuke , Yasunaga Hideo , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is an adverse event associated with gemcitabine administration. Gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel, which is now a first‐line chemotherapy regimen for pancreatic cancer (PC), may increase the risk of ILD; however, large‐scale clinical data on this are limited. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the incidence and risk factors of ILD in patients with PC receiving gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel. Through the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, a Japanese nationwide inpatient database with outpatient data, we identified consecutive patients with PC who received gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy between July 2010 and March 2019 at 205 hospitals. Competing‐risk analysis was used to examine the cumulative incidence and risk factors of ILD. Among the 6163 patients who received gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel, we documented 168 patients (2.7%) who developed ILD with cumulative incidence rates (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) of 2.0% (1.6%–2.4%), 2.7% (2.2%–3.1%), and 3.1% (2.6%–3.6%) at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Compared with patients with PC who received gemcitabine monotherapy, those who received gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel had an adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) for ILD of 1.93 (95% CI: 1.51–2.47). Older age was associated with a high risk of ILD in patients receiving gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel (adjusted SHR comparing ≥75 to ≤74 years, 1.61; 95% CI: 1.16–2.24). In conclusion, this study demonstrated the clinical course of gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel‐associated ILD in patients with PC. When gemcitabine plus nab‐paclitaxel is administered to elderly patients with PC, symptoms associated with ILD must be monitored.
Still on the same page: A gender comparison of the top 100 picture books from the UK and China published 2011–2020
Authors: Li Yi , Terras Melissa , Li Yongning 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs a primary source for the early ages, picture books guide preschool children's gender perception through stories and illustrations. However, previous studies have criticised an overall gender inequality in children's picture books. Compared to the increasing attention on gender diversity in the UK picture book industry, there has been little concern shown about gender diversity in the Chinese picture book market (which has only developed in the 21st Century). This article compares gender representation and gender stereotypes within 200 UK and Chinese bestselling picture books published between 2011 and 2020. It examines a range of aspects including authors' gender, and gendered aspects of book texts and illustrations via content analysis and text mining. Results show (1) there is male dominance in bestselling Chinese authorship, while titles from female authors are more prevalent in the UK list; (2) there is a predominance of male central characters in both bestselling UK and Chinese titles; (3) the narratives in bestselling picture books, especially in Chinese book texts, promote gender essentialism and gender biases in picture books from both markets; (4) that UK titles in translation, as well as other foreign titles, become an essential means of promoting gender equality in the mainstream Chinese picture book market. This study stresses that gender inequality is an international issue and aims to remind all parties in two different picture book industries to work on gender equality in future publishing practice, while showing that translation studies allow us to see how different markets intersect.
Sub‐dose anesthetics combined with chloride regulators protect the brain against chronic ischemia–hypoxia injury
Authors: Yang Chenyi , Wang Ye , Li Yun , Wang Xinyi , Hua Wei , Yang Zhuo , Wang Haiyun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCerebral ischemia–hypoxia leads to excitotoxicity‐mediated neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunction, especially in the elderly. Excessive intracellular [Cl−]i accumulation weakens γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) compensatory effects. Sub‐anesthetic dose of propofol protected the brain against ischemia–hypoxia, which was abolished by blocking Cl− efflux transporter K+/Cl− cotransporter 2 (KCC2). We aimed to determine whether low‐dose anesthetic combined with [Cl−]i regulators could restore the compensatory GABAergic system and improve cognitive function.MethodsChronic cerebral hypoxia (CCH) model was established by bilateral carotid artery ligation in aged rats. Sub‐dose of anesthetics (propofol and sevoflurane) with or without KCC2 agonist N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM) or Na+/K+/Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) antagonist bumetanide (BTN) was administered systemically 30 days post‐surgery. Primary rat hippocampal neuronal cultures were subjected to hypoxic injury with or without drug treatment. Memory function, hippocampal neuronal survival, GABAergic system functioning, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expressions were evaluated.ResultsSub‐anesthetic dose of combined propofol (1.2 μg mL−1) and sevoflurane [0.7 MAC (minimum alveolar concentration)] did not aggravate the hypoxic brain injury in rats or cell damage in neuronal cultures. Adding either BTN or NEM protected against hypoxic injury, associated with improved cognitive function in vivo, less intracellular accumulation of [Cl−]i, reduced cell death, restored GABAergic compensation, and increased BDNF expression both in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionSub‐anesthetic dose of propofol and sevoflurane is a recommended anesthesia regimen in at‐risk patients. Restoration of [Cl−]i homeostasis and GABAergic could further reduce the brain damage caused by ischemia–hypoxia.
Global analysis of iron metabolism‐related genes identifies potential mechanisms of gliomagenesis and reveals novel targets
Authors: Zhang Jiayue , Zhao Liang , Xuan Shurui , Liu Zhiyuan , Weng Zhenkun , Wang Yu , Dai Kexiang , Gu Aihua , Zhao Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate key regulators of aberrant iron metabolism in gliomas, and evaluate their effect on biological functions and clinical translational relevance.MethodsWe used transcriptomic data from multiple cross‐platform glioma cohorts to identify key iron metabolism‐related genes (IMRGs) based on a series of bioinformatic and machine learning methods. The associations between IMRGs and prognosis, mesenchymal phenotype, and genomic alterations were analyzed in silico. The performance of the IMRGs‐based signature in predicting temozolomide (TMZ) treatment sensitivity was evaluated. In vitro and in vivo experiments were used to explore the biological functions of these key IMRGs.ResultsHMOX1, LTF, and STEAP3 were identified as the most essential IMRGs in gliomas. The expression levels of these genes were strongly related to clinicopathological and molecular features. The robust IMRG‐based gene signature could be used for prognosis prediction. These genes facilitate mesenchymal transformation, driver gene mutations, and oncogenic alterations in gliomas. The gene signature was also associated with TMZ resistance. HMOX1, LTF, and STEAP3 knockdown in glioma cells significantly reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and malignant invasion.ConclusionThe study presented a comprehensive view of key regulators underpinning iron metabolism in gliomas and provided new insights into novel therapeutic approaches.
What we've learned: A research agenda for a museum, 7 years later
Authors: Hammerness Karen , MacPherson Anna , Gupta Preeti , Wallace Jamie , Chaffee Rachel , Jain Neeti 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe have been learning about the learning of children and youth, teachers, and visitors over the course of 7 years as we developed and deepened a research agenda in education in our natural history museum. In 2016 in this journal, we detailed how we began this effort and the development and initial steps of an educational research agenda. Focusing on our work since then, our team of educational researchers describes how our research has revealed the considerable impact of out‐of‐school learning with youth, educators, and visitors and how we incorporate a focus upon equity across all areas of inquiry. We share main findings emerging from our research, early roadblocks and current challenges, and lessons about engaging in research on learning in a cultural institution with implications for both large and small settings.
Comparison of left atrial and left atrial appendage mechanics in the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency catheter ablation
Authors: Yang You , Liu Biaohu , Ji Wenyan , Ding Jing , Tao Shanqiang , Lian Feifei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesAlthough radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has become an important treatment strategy for paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), AF recurrence after RFCA remains an important issue that plagues clinicians and patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of left atrial (LA) and left atrial appendage (LAA) mechanics with AF recurrence after RFCA and to compare their prognostic values in patients with AF undergoing RFCA.MethodsA total of 160 patients with non‐valvular AF who underwent RFCA for the first time were included in this study. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) before the procedure. All patients were followed up for one year after RFCA, and AF recurrence was recorded. Speckle‐tracking echocardiography was used to measure LA and LAA global longitudinal strain (GLS). LA and LAA mechanical dispersion (MD) were defined as the standard deviation of time to peak strain at each segment standardized by the R‐R interval. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze independent contributors for AF recurrence after RFCA. The prediction efficiency of factors associated with the presence of AF recurrence was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with area under curve (AUC).ResultsDuring 1‐year follow‐up, 45 (28%) patients had recurrence, and 115 (72%) patients had no recurrence. The age, CHA2DS2‐VASc score, NT‐proBNP, LA volume index (LAVI), LA MD, and LAA MD of patients in recurrence group were significantly higher than those in no recurrent group (p < .05). The LAA emptying fraction (LAAEF), LA GLS, and LAA GLS in recurrence group were significantly lower than those in no recurrent group (p < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that LA and LAA GLS were independent contributors for AF recurrence (p < .05), providing incremental values. The AUCs of LA and LAA GLS in predicting AF recurrence were higher than that of other factors, and the LA GLS+LAA GLS joint model had higher prediction efficiency.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the LA and LAA GLS were independent contributors for AF recurrence after RFCA and provided incremental values. LA and LAA GLS can be used as the predictor of AF recurrence after RFCA, and they may be beneficial for the risk stratification of AF recurrence.
Correlation of ex vivo cytokine secretion profiles with scoring indices in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Podolski Marija , Požgaj Lidija , Faraho Ivan , Petrinić Grba Adriana , Belamarić Daniela , Paravić Radičević Andrea , Bosnar Martina , Crnčević Urek Marija , Čubranić Aleksandar , Mustapić Sanda , Mijandrušić‐Sinčić Brankica , Banić Marko , Eraković Haber Vesna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn ulcerative colitis, the complexity of mucosal cytokine secretion profiles and how they correlate with endoscopic and clinical scores is still unclear.MethodsIn this study, we collected fresh biopsies from UC patients to investigate which cytokines are produced in ex vivo culture conditions, a platform increasingly used for testing of novel drugs. Then, we correlated cytokine production with several scoring indices commonly used to assess the severity of the disease.ResultsIncreased levels of IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12, IL‐13, TNFα and IFNɣ were produced by biopsies of UC patients compared to non‐IBD controls. Our results show a better correlation of cytokine levels with Mayo Endoscopic Subscore (MES) and Mayo score, than the more complex Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS). Out of 10 measured cytokines, eight correlated with MES, six with Mayo score and only three with UCEIS, due to the partial increase in cytokine secretion observed in donors with UCEIS = 7–8. When we analysed individual subscores within the UCEIS, Vascular Network subscore showed a correlation similar to MES (7/10 cytokines), while Bleeding as well as Erosions and Ulcers subscores correlated with only 3/10 cytokines, similarly to the total UCEIS.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that choosing biopsies from donors with MES = 2–3 and UCEIS = 2–6 from areas with no bleeding and no superficial and/or deep ulcers could enable a deeper insight into the cytokine profile of the inflamed tissue and represent a better tool for studying potential therapeutic targets and evaluation of novel therapies.
Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of adjunctive lacosamide in pediatric patients with epilepsy syndromes associated with generalized seizures: Phase 2, open‐label exploratory trial
Authors: Auvin Stéphane , Arzimanoglou Alexis , Beller Cynthia , Floricel Florin , Daniels Tony , Bozorg Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of lacosamide (LCM) (up to 12 mg/kg/day or 600 mg/day) as adjunctive therapy in pediatric patients with epilepsy syndromes associated with generalized seizures.MethodsPhase 2, multicenter, open‐label exploratory trial (SP0966; NCT01969851; 2012‐001446‐18) of oral LCM for epilepsy syndromes associated with generalized seizures in pediatric patients ≥1 month to <18 years of age taking one to three concomitant antiseizure medications. The trial comprised a 6‐week prospective baseline period, 6‐week flexible titration period, and 12‐week maintenance period.ResultsFifty‐five patients (mean age: 9.2 years; 56.4% male) took at least one dose of LCM and had at least one post‐baseline efficacy‐related assessment. The median treatment duration was 127.0 days. There were no clinically significant mean or median changes or worsening from baseline to end of the titration period in the count of generalized spike–wave discharges per interpretable hour on 24‐h ambulatory electroencephalogram recordings, or from baseline to the maintenance period in mean and median days with any generalized or focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures per 28 days. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported by 49 patients (89.1%), and three patients (5.5%) discontinued due to TEAEs. The median change and median percentage change in days with any generalized or focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures per 28 days from baseline to the maintenance period were both 0. Trends toward improvement (decrease) were observed in median change and median percentage change in days with each individual seizure type (absence, myoclonic, clonic, tonic, tonic–clonic, atonic, and focal to bilateral tonic–clonic) per 28 days.SignificanceSafety findings were consistent with the known safety profile of LCM and were as expected for the pediatric population. There was no worsening of generalized seizures with LCM. Limitations include the inability to correlate spike and wave data with clinical outcomes, and the lack of similar studies against which the results can be compared.
Economic evaluations of nonpharmacological treatments for drug‐resistant epilepsy: A systematic review
Authors: Chan Hoi Yau , Janssen Luca M. M. , Wijnen Ben F. M. , Hiligsmann Mickaël , Majoie Marian H. J. M. , Evers Silvia M. A. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study was undertaken to systematically identify and critically appraise all published full economic evaluations assessing the cost‐effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions for patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy. The Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study criteria was used to design search strategies for the identification and selection of relevant studies. Literature search was performed using the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, International Health Technology Assessment, National Institute for Health Research Economic Evaluation Database, and Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis Registry databases to identify articles published between January 2000 and May 2023. Web of Science was additionally used to perform forward and backward referencing. Title, abstract, and full‐text screening was performed by two independent researchers. The Consensus Health Economic Criteria (CHEC) checklist and Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) 2022 were applied for quality assessment. A total of 4470 studies were identified, of which 18 met our inclusion criteria. Twelve of the studies conducted model‐based economic evaluation, and others were trial‐based. Three studies showed that epilepsy surgery was cost‐effective in adults, whereas this remained inconclusive for children (two positive, three negative). Three studies showed negative economic outcome for ketogenic diet in children. One of four studies showed positive results for self‐management. For vagus nerve stimulation, one study showed positive results in adults and another one negative results in children. One recent study showed cost‐effectiveness of responsive neurostimulation (RNS) in adults. Finally, one study showed promising but inconclusive results for deep brain stimulation (DBS). The mean scores for risk of bias assessment (based on CHEC) and for reporting quality (CHEERS 2022) were 95.8% and 80.5%, respectively. This review identified studies that assessed the cost‐effectiveness of nonpharmacological treatments in both adults and children with drug‐resistant epilepsy, suggesting that in adults, epilepsy surgery, vagus nerve stimulation, and RNS are cost‐effective, and that DBS and self‐management appear to be promising. In children, the cost‐effectiveness of epilepsy surgery remains inconclusive. Finally, the use of ketogenic diet was shown not to be cost‐effective. However, limited long‐term data were available for newer interventions (i.e., ketogenic diet, DBS, and RNS).