bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late-stage diagnosis of carcinoid heart disease due to lack of access to health care
Authors: Sharma Aditi , Fierro Maria E. , Pak Stella , Thallapureddy Keerthi , Awobajo Moyosore , Hui Dawn , Otchere Prince 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarcinoid syndrome (CS) is a unique constellation of symptoms caused by release of vasoactive substances from neuroendocrine tumors (Pandit et al., StatPearls, 2022). Neuroendocrine tumors are rare with an annual incidence of 2 in 100,000 people (Ram et al., 46:21-27, 2019). Up to 50% of patients with these tumors will develop carcinoid syndrome, which is characterized by symptoms caused by elevated levels of serotonin and most commonly include fatigue, flushing, wheezing, and non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and malabsorption (Pandit et al., StatPearls, 2022) (Fox et.al., 90:1224-1228, 2004). Over time, patients with carcinoid syndrome can develop carcinoid heart disease (CHD). CHD refers to the cardiac complications that occur when the vasoactive substances, such as serotonin, tachykinins, and prostaglandins, secreted from the carcinoid tumors. These complications most commonly include valvular abnormalities, but can also present as coronary artery damage, arrhythmias or direct myocardial injury (Ram et al., 46:21-27, 2019). While CHD is not typically an initial feature of carcinoid syndrome, it does eventually occur in up to 70% of patients with carcinoid tumors (Ram et al., 46:21-27, 2019) (Jin et.al., 146:65-73, 2021) (Macfie et.al., 224:665-669, 2022). CHD is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to the risk of progressive heart failure (Bober et.al., 14:1179546820968101, 2020). In this case, we describe a 35-year-old Hispanic woman in South Texas with undiagnosed carcinoid syndrome for over 10 years that eventually progressed to severe CHD. In this patient’s case, we emphasize how lack of access to healthcare resulted in delay of diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and worsened prognosis in this young patient.
Consent in minors: the differential treatment of acceptance and refusal. Part 2 Minors’ decision-making and the reach of their capacity
Authors: Hawkins Tim , Curtice Martin 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYThis is the second of a pair of articles reviewing the topic of consent in minors. Both articles have a particular emphasis, drawing on theory and case law, on the differential treatment of acceptance and refusal in minors. This article considers the concept of capacity in young people (aged 16 and over) and competence in children (under the age of 16) by reviewing underpinning statute and case law with particular reference to England and Wales. This provides a platform for consideration of the reach of capacity in minors with regard to acceptance and refusal of treatment. In doing so the article explores the key, but still elusive, ingredient of maturity, which has significance to the process. Fictitious vignettes allow consideration of the application of the concepts of maturity and autonomy in clinical practice. The article also considers the potential for the UK's Parliament to make changes to current statute regarding consent in minors.
Consent in minors: the differential treatment of acceptance and refusal. Part 1 Autonomy and children's rights
Authors: Hawkins Tim , Curtice Martin , Adams Tom 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYThis is the first of two articles reviewing consent in those under the age of 18 (also referred to as ‘minors’ in UK law). This can be a complex issue in clinical practice because the law endows competent/capacitated minors with the absolute right to accept treatment, but a limited right to refuse. This first article summarises recent cases of refusal of treatment in minors. It uses them to ask two central questions: how do we, as clinicians, think about autonomous self-determination in minors and to what extent does the rights agenda support minors’ autonomous self-determination? Autonomy as one of the principles of biomedical ethics is explored. How the minors’ rights agenda supports the development of autonomy is considered. The amount of weight given in the domestic courts to the rights of minors with reference to the Human Rights Act 1998 and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is described. These considerations demonstrate the way that the courts are giving the views of the minor greater weight in decision-making in keeping with age and maturity. This article introduces the second article, which comprehensively reviews decision-making in minors, explores competence and capacity in minors and examines the differential treatment of acceptance and refusal.
Managing self-harm in young people presenting to the emergency department and challenges in navigating the national guidelines
Authors: Pereira Carvalho Naashoma , Pierson Kim , Shaker-Naeeni Hadi , Sabel Esther 
Published: June 2023

SummarySuicide is the most common cause of death for young people in the UK and around 50% of completed suicides in young people have previous self-harm as a theme. Hence, robust management of young people presenting with self-harm to the emergency department is crucial. Guidelines published by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the Royal College of Psychiatrists advise an overnight admission for under-16s with self-harm, which is a challenge during winter pressures or bed shortages. In this editorial we discuss the difficulties faced when navigating NICE 2004 guidance documents with the realities of the coalface and consider the prospects for current practice and the future with the NICE 2022 guidance.
Biculturalism and Historiography in the Era of Neoliberalism: A View from Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Johnson Miranda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe making of the bicultural state of Aotearoa New Zealand is the product of a distinctive postcolonial and neoliberal late twentieth-century history. In this context, a predominantly anglophone settler state finally responded to decades-long claims about Indigenous dispossession by creating the Treaty of Waitangi Tribunal in 1975, an institution that a decade later took a wide-ranging approach to the investigation of historical grievances. The tribunal produced an alternative historiography that imagined a partnership between Māori and the Crown, not only in the service of evaluating past actions but also with the aim of creating better relations for the future. This article offers a brief account of biculturalism and “treaty partnership” in three overlapping modes: as an emergent and then hegemonic political discourse; as generating a new historiography; and in terms of the reframing and bureaucratization of research practices in Aotearoa New Zealand. In this milieu, research ethics is not simply a matter of interpersonal politics but, in fact, has become a matter of governmentality—that is, of regulating the conduct of researchers as subjects of particular forms of state power.
Flamboyant
Authors: Frank Chandra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This essay draws on the feminist and queer organization Flamboyant, the first and only nationwide Black and migrant women–run meeting place, active in the 1980s in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. After five years, the collective was forced to leave their space due to a lack of funding and burnout. The organization was named after the tropical flamboyant tree (Delonix regia), which according to the founders “has not been tamed and would prefer to die instead of shrinking in the Dutch living room.” I argue that this metaphorical mission statement is an articulation of wildness that rejects Dutch colonial expectations of integration and order. Flamboyant’s refusal to be tamed eventually led to the demise of the only archive run by Black women and women of color. This essay firmly situates Flamboyant within a Black and women of color (WOC) European scholarly and activist experience. Drawing on archival materials and geographical reflections of place, I demonstrate how the loss of Dutch feminist and queer of color spaces and archives are embedded within transnational feminist genealogies of mourning.
“Out in the Streets”
Authors: Koutsougera Natalia A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article provides a socio-anthropological portrayal of the hip-hop narrational mosaics in Greece through the intertemporal exploration of two hip-hop scenes: the rap scene and the hip-hop dance scene. It explores the gray and contested zones of a local hip-hop culture—which reflect on global hip-hop imageries, norms, and antinomies–through permutations and manifestations of difference, hybridization and subcultural capital, and their subversive intersections with race, class, gender, and affective states in contemporary Greece in landscapes of crisis. Drawing on content analysis of rap lyrics and ethnographic fieldwork on rap and hip-hop dance performativities, resonating contemporary Greek society’s precarities, traumas, and ethics, this article explains why hip-hop and street cultures are so popular today in Greece. Furthermore, it highlights their global dynamics and their present and future potential as an empowering and emancipatory space for young generations.
The actin-myosin cytoskeleton mediates reversible agonist-induced membrane blebbing
Authors: Torgerson Rochelle R. , McNiven Mark A. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Suprastimulation of pancreatic acinar cells with specific agonists inhibits zymogen secretion and induces the formation of large basolateral blebs. Currently the molecular mechanisms that mediate this dramatic morphologic response are undefined. Further, it is unclear if blebbing represents a terminal or reversible event. Using computer-enhanced video microscopy of living acini we have found that these large blebs form rapidly (within 2-3 minutes) and exhibit ameboid undulations. They are induced by small increases in agonist concentration and require an energy-dependent phosphorylation event. Remarkably, the blebs are rapidly absorbed when agonist levels are reduced, indicating that blebbing is a reversible response to a physiological stimulus, not a terminal event. Morphological methods show that these dramatic changes in cell shape are accompanied by a marked reorganization of actin and myosin II at the basolateral domain. During 30 minutes of suprastimulation, both basolateral actin and myosin II gradually increase to form a ring centered at the necks of the blebs. Immunocytochemical and biochemical studies with a phospho-specific antibody to the myosin regulatory light chain reveal an activation of myosin II in suprastimulated acini that is completely absent in resting cells. Studies using cytoskeletal antagonistic drugs indicate that bleb formation and motility require actin remodeling concomitant with an activation of myosin II. This aberrant activation and reorganization of the actin-myosin cytoskeleton is likely to have detrimental effects on acinar cell function. Additionally, this mechanism of bleb formation may be conserved among other forms of physiological blebbing events.
High levels of actin tyrosine phosphorylation: Correlation with the dormant state of Dictyostelium spores
Authors: Kishi Yoshiro , Clements Chris , Mahadeo Dana C. , Cotter David A. , Sameshima Masazumi 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Upon removal of nutrients, the amoebae of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum differentiate into dormant spores which survive starvation stress. In this study, we demonstrate that half of the actin molecules in the spores are tyrosine-phosphorylated. The phosphorylated actin is distributed around immobile crenate mitochondria and vesicles, as well as in the cytoplasm of the spores. The actin isolated from spore lysates contains phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms at the same molar ratio as that of the original whole spore lysate. Under actin polymerizing conditions they form actin filaments and then they are completely depolymerized under actin depolymerizing conditions, indicating that tyrosine phosphorylation of actin may not prohibit actin polymerization nor stimulate depolymerization. The phosphorylation levels increase at the end of the culmination stage when spores have matured morphologically and physiologically, and reach maximum levels after an additional 12 hours of development. The levels are stable for 20 days following spore maturation, and decline to undetectable levels within the next 10 days.
Spores having high levels of phosphorylation show high viability, and vice versa. Following activation of spores with nutrient medium containing spore germination promoters, the phosphorylation levels quickly decrease with a half-life of about 5 minutes. After 20 minutes spores begin to swell. At this later time, most of the phosphorylated actin already has been dephosphorylated. Also, in heat-activated spores actin dephosphorylation occurs prior to spore swelling. However, addition of phosphatase inhibitors following heat-activation, prevented spore swelling and dephosphorylation of actin. Our data indicate that the high levels of actin tyrosine phosphorylation, specific to the spore stage, may be required for maintaining dormancy to withstand starvation stress. The rapid dephosphorylation of actin leads to a reactivated dynamic actin system which participates in spore swelling, vesicle movement, and mitochondrial shape changes during the spore germination process.
Common and variant properties of intermediate filament proteins from lower chordates and vertebrates; two proteins from the tunicate Styela and the identification of a type III homologue
Authors: Riemer Dieter , Weber Klaus 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The chordates combine the vertebrates and the invertebrate phyla of the cephalo- and urochordates (tunicates). Two cytoplasmic intermediate filament (IF) proteins of the urochordate Styela plicata are characterized by cDNA cloning, gene organization, tissue specific expression patterns in the adult animal and the self assembly properties of the recombinant proteins. In line with metazoan phylogeny St-A and St-B have the short length version of the coil 1b domain found in all vertebrate and cephalochordate IF proteins while protostomic IF proteins have the longer length version with an extra 42 residues. St-A is the first IF protein from a lower chordate which can be unambiguously related to a particular vertebrate IF subfamily. St-A shares 46% sequence identity with desmin, displays the N-terminal motif necessary for filament assembly of type III proteins and forms normal homopolymeric 10 nm filaments in vitro. St-A but not St-B is present in smooth muscle cells of the body wall musculature. St-A and St-B are found as separate networks in some interior epithelia. St-B shares 30 to 35% identity with keratin 8, St-A and desmin and does not form IF under in vitro assembly conditions. Its relation to a particular vertebrate IF type or to the eight currently known IF proteins from the cephalochordate Branchiostoma remains unresolved. The striking relation between St-A and desmin predicts that the common progenitor of the urochordate (tunicate) and the cephalochordate/vertebrate lineages already possessed a type III homologue. Unlike in vertebrates intron patterns cannot be used to classify the tunicate IF genes. Although St-A is a type III homologue its gene shows an intron position which in vertebrates is restricted to keratin type II genes.
Regulation of mammalian replication origin usage in Xenopus egg extract
Authors: Dimitrova Daniela S. , Gilbert David M. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Xenopus embryos initiate replication at random closely spaced sites until a certain concentration of nuclei is achieved within the embryo, after which fewer, more specific chromosomal sites are utilized as origins. We have examined the relationship between nucleo-cytosolic ratio and origin specification when Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell nuclei are introduced into Xenopus egg extracts. At concentrations of intact late-G1-phase nuclei that approximate early Xenopus embryos, the entire genome was duplicated nearly 4 times faster than in culture, accompanied by a de-localization of initiation sites at the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) locus. As the concentration of nuclei was increased, the number of initiation sites per nucleus decreased and initiation at the DHFR locus became localized to the physiologically utilized DHFR origin. Origin specification was optimal at nuclear concentrations that approximate the Xenopus mid-blastula transition (MBT). Higher concentrations resulted in an overall inhibition of DNA synthesis. By contrast, with intact early G1-phase nuclei, replication initiated at apparently random sites at all concentrations, despite an identical relationship between nucleo-cytosolic ratio and replicon size. Furthermore, permeabilization of late-G1-phase nuclei, using newly defined conditions that preserve the overall rate of replication, eliminated site-specificity, even at nuclear concentrations optimal for DHFR origin recognition. These data show that both nucleo-cytosolic ratio and nuclear structure play important but independent roles in the regulation of replication origin usage. Nucleo-cytosolic ratio clearly influences the number of replication origins selected. However, titration of cytosolic factors is not sufficient to focus initiation to specific sites. An independent mechanism, effecting changes within G1-phase nuclei, dictates which of many potential initiation sites will function as an origin.
Developmental association of the β-galactoside-binding protein galectin-1 with the nuclear matrix of rat calvarial osteoblasts
Authors: Choi Je-Yong , van Wijnen André J. , Aslam Fauzia , Leszyk John D. , Stein Janet L. , Stein Gary S. , Lian Jane B. , Penman Sheldon 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The protein composition of the nuclear matrix changes significantly as the osteoblast matures from a proliferating pre-osteoblast to an osteocyte embedded in a mineralized matrix. These matrix protein are the result of developmental stage-specific gene expression during osteoblast differentiation. To isolate nuclear matrix proteins unique to the bone phenotype we analyzed nuclear matrix preparations from cultures of rat calvarial osteoblasts by high resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis at two different stages: proliferation (day 3) and differentiation (day 18, mineralized). We characterized one protein (14 kDa; pI 5.0), that was detectable only in the nuclear matrix of differentiated osteoblasts. By mass spectrometry and microsequencing, this protein was identified as the β-galactoside-binding protein galectin-1. Both immunofluorescence staining of nuclear matrix preparations with the galectin-1 antibody and western blot analysis of subcellular fractions confirmed that galectin-1 is only associated with the nuclear matrix in differentiated osteoblasts as the result of differential retention. Galectin-1 protein and mRNA are present throughout osteoblast differentiation. Galectin-1 is present in the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions in both proliferating and differentiated osteoblasts. However, its only stable binding is to the nuclear matrix of the differentiated osteoblast; but, in proliferating osteoblasts, galectin-1 is not retained in the nuclear matrix. Taken together, our results suggest that developmental association of galectin-1 with the nuclear matrix reflects differential subnuclear binding of galectin-1 during osteoblast differentiation.
The Consumption of Advertising in the Digital Age: Attention and Ad Content
Authors: Dukes Anthony , Liu Qihong 
Published: June 2023

This article studies the consumption of advertising when attention is costly. Our objective is to understand the advertiser’s optimal decision for informational and noninformational content when facing consumers with heavy distractions common in the digital age. We take an equilibrium approach in which an ad is consumed if and only if the content of the ad is worth the viewer’s attention. We classify many advertising decisions observed in practice. First, an advertiser can structure content to induce curiosity for continued viewing by showing the information that is relatively less likely to resonate with the broad audience. This tactic is evident in clickbait ads and “mystery ads.” Second, we find that digital ads, which tend to be skippable, have lower amounts of noninformational content (e.g., entertainment) relative to nonskippable ads. This finding can explain the industry perception that ads on digital media are of lower copy quality than traditional ads. This paper was accepted by Dmitri Kuksov, marketing. Funding: This work was supported by the Marketing Science Institute [Grant 4000790]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4793 .
Peningkatan Kapasitas Menajemen dan Kewirausahaan Pengelola BUMDES Jaya Lestari Desa Pandebeh Kecamatan Kamal
Authors: Hayati Mardiyah , Nugroho Taufik Rizal Dwi Adi , Firdaus Mohammad Wahyu 
Published: June 2023

BUMDes Jaya Lestari memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan dampak dalam meningkatkan perekonomian dan kesejahteraan desa. Usia BUMDes yang masih relatif muda menjadi tantangan pengelola untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Permasalahan yang dialami BUMDes Jaya Lestari adalah belum memiliki struktur manajemen organisasi, rencana kegiatan dan pemasaran serta belum memiliki unit bisnis. Tujuan utama pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kapasitas manajemen dan kewirausahaan pengelola BUMDes Jaya Lestari. Antara lain kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk memperbaiki dan mendukung BUMDes Jaya Lestari adalah Peningkatan kompetensi manajerial pengelola BUMDes, Training kewirausahaan dan pemasaran komoditas unggulan desa dan Penyusunan rencana bisnis serta kelayakan usaha BUMDes. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah ceramah/ presentasi, diskusi, analisa dan praktik. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan bersama BUMDes Jaya Lestari, Desa Pandebeh, Kecamatan Kamal, Kabupaten Bangkalan pada bulan September–Desember tahun 2022. Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan dengan metode pengisian borang bersama tim pengabdi dan pengelola BUMDes berdasarkan indikator capaian yang sudah ditetapkan.
Good leadership: what emergency veterinarians value most when evaluating job opportunities and employment longevity
Authors: Kogan Lori , Booth Matthew , Rishniw Mark 
Published: June 2023

Background/aims:This study was designed to examine the factors that impact emergency veterinarians' decisions in selecting a place of employment and their perceptions of job aspects that are important to foster a work environment conducive to long term employment.Methods:An electronic survey was distributed to members of the Veterinary Information Network through its data collection portal.Findings:The factors rated by veterinarians as most important in selecting a place of employment include collegiality of co-workers, working with a highly trained support staff, and the opportunity to work fewer, but longer, shifts. Factor analysis identified five factors conducive to long-term employment: schedule, professional growth, environmental tone/atmosphere, medical support, and leadership. The factor found to be most important was leadership. All factors, except for professional growth, were rated as more important by female versus male practitioners.Conclusions:Emergency medicine recruitment and retention efforts can benefit from focusing on schedule, professional growth, environmental tone/atmosphere, medical support and leadership. By better understanding the impact of gender, children status, and years in practice on the perceived importance in creating workplace environments conducive to long term employment, hospitals can be better equipped to meet the needs current employees as well as potential new hires.