bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How lipids, as important endogenous nutrient components, affect the quality of aquatic products: An overview of lipid peroxidation and the interaction with proteins
Authors: Ying Xiaoguo , Li Xinyang , Deng Shanggui , Zhang Bin , Xiao Gengsheng , Xu Yujuan , Brennan Charles , Benjakul Soottawat , Ma Lukai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs the global population continues to grow and the pressure on livestock and poultry supply increases, the oceans have become an increasingly important source of quality food for future generations. However, nutrient‐rich aquatic product is susceptible to lipid oxidation during storage and transport, reducing its nutritional value and increasing safety risks. Therefore, identifying the specific effects of lipid oxidation on aquatic products has become particularly critical. At the same time, some lipid oxidation products have been found to interact with aquatic product proteins in various ways, posing a safety risk. This paper provides an in‐depth exploration of the pathways, specific effects, and hazards of lipid oxidation in aquatic products, with a particular focus on the interaction of lipid oxidation products with proteins. Additionally, it discusses the impact of non‐thermal treatment techniques on lipids in aquatic products and examines the application of natural antioxidants in aquatic products. Future research endeavors should delve into the interactions between lipids and proteins in these products and their specific effects to mitigate the impact of non‐thermal treatment techniques on lipids, thereby enhancing the safety of aquatic products and ensuring food safety for future generations.
Caste criminalisation in South India and permanent migration to Fiji, 1903–1927
Authors: Persaud Alexander 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDoes the official criminalisation of a group lead to permanent out‐migration? In the early 20th century, British officials in south India designated multiple castes as inherently criminal under the Criminal Tribes Act (CTA). The CTA required police registration and could force entire groups into special settlements. Utilising unique, individual‐level administrative data on all south Indian indentured labourers in Fiji, I analyse criminalisation's effects on return migration. Members of criminalised castes returned to India less even when offered free repatriation, with a statistically and economically significant fall of 18%. My results show the impact of policies of criminalisation on migration.
Is There an Unrecognized Potential Pool of Foster Carers?
Authors: Lind Judith , Lindgren Cecilia , Sköld Johanna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThere is a shortage of foster carers in many countries, which means that, in addition to retaining active foster carers, social services must strive to recruit new ones. This study examines how great the interest in becoming foster carers is amongst the general public and what characterizes people who express such an interest. Data were collected through a survey responded to by 2106 members of the Swedish citizen panel, aged 25–64, and recruited on a probability basis. Due to its hesitant approach to placing many children in the same foster home, Sweden is perhaps even more dependent than other countries on the recruitment of new foster carers and therefore serves as an interesting example. The analysis focuses on the small group of respondents, who say that they are likely to apply to become foster carers in the future, the reasons for why they have not done so already and on the factors that might further increase their inclination to become foster carers. Conceptualizing fostering as a hybrid between work, family life and voluntary services, we discuss the implications of the fact that 50% of these respondents express an interest in fostering as an alternative to employment and the fact that almost as many rated a lasting relationship with the child as important for their inclination to foster.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Expression in Merkel Cell Carcinoma Is Associated With Clinical and Histopathologic Parameters
Authors: Cunningham Christopher R. , Dimopoulos Yiannis P. , García‐Quiñones Ian M. , Milton Denái R. , Delgado‐Vélez Manuel , Cho Woo Cheal , Prieto Victor G. , Lasalde‐Dominicci José A. , Ballester Leomar Y. , Aung Phyu P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous malignancy with neuroendocrine differentiation. Several molecular pathways have been implicated in MCC development and multiple cell‐of‐origin candidates have been proposed, including neural crest cells, which express acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). The role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in MCC has not been explored. In this study, we investigated if MCC expresses nAChRs and if nAChR expression correlates with patient characteristics.MethodsThe study included 71 MCC cases diagnosed with sufficient tissue available to perform immunohistochemical analysis. The median follow‐up was 29.8 months (range, 2.7–234.1). We performed immunohistochemistry using antibodies against the α3, α5, and α7nAChR subunits.ResultsOur results show that the majority of MCC cases expressed α3, α5, and α7‐nAChR subunits. Of the 71 cases, 59 (83%) expressed α3‐nAChR, 71 (100%) expressed α5‐nAChR, and 63 (88%) expressed α7‐nAChR. Location of immunoreactivity differed between cases and included cytoplasmic only and nuclear/peri‐nuclear, with variation in the intensity of staining. There were significant correlations between the intensity or location of immunoreactivity and clinical and histopathologic parameters.ConclusionsThese findings seem to support that MCC displays the features of neural crest cells, and suggest the potential for nAChR‐targeted therapy.
Contagious Crying Revisited: A Cross‐Cultural Investigation Into Infant Emotion Contagion Using Infrared Thermal Imaging
Authors: Vreden C. , Renner E. , Ainamani H. E. , Crowther R. , Forward B. , Mazari S. , Tuohy G. , Ndyareeba E. , Clay Zanna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTContagious crying in infants has been considered an early marker of their sensitivity to others’ emotions, a form of emotional contagion, and an early basis for empathy. However, it remains unclear whether infant distress in response to peer distress is due to the emotional content of crying or acoustically aversive properties of crying. Additionally, research remains severely biased towards samples from Europe and North America. In this study, we address both aspects by employing the novel and non‐invasive method of infrared thermal imaging, in combination with behavioural markers of emotional contagion, to measure emotional arousal during a contagious crying paradigm in a cross‐cultural sample of 10‐ to 11‐month‐old infants from rural and urban Uganda and the United Kingdom (N = 313). Infants heard social stimuli of positive, negative, and neutral emotional valence (infant laughing, crying, and babbling, respectively) and a non‐social, acoustically matched artificial aversive sound. Results revealed that overall changes (as opposed to positive or negative) in infant nasal temperature were larger in response to crying and laughing compared to the artificial aversive sound and larger for crying than for babbling. Infants showed stronger behavioural responses for crying than for the artificial stimulus, as well as for crying than for laughing. Overall, our results support the view that infants within the first year of life experience emotional contagion in response to peer distress, an effect that is not just explained by the aversive nature of the stimuli. Sensitivity to others’ emotional signals in the first year of life may provide the core building blocks for empathy. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://youtu.be/JbwL3BHkKlU.
Synaptic Targets and Cellular Sources of CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor and Vesicular Glutamate Transporter‐3 Expressing Nerve Terminals in Relation to GABAergic Neurons in the Human Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Somogyi Peter , Horie Sawa , Lukacs Istvan , Hunter Emily , Sarkany Barbara , Viney Tim James , Livermore James , Plaha Puneet , Stacey Richard , Ansorge Olaf , El Mestikawy Salah , Zhao Qianru 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) regulates synaptic transmission through presynaptic receptors in nerve terminals, and its physiological roles are of clinical relevance. The cellular sources and synaptic targets of CB1‐expressing terminals in the human cerebral cortex are undefined. We demonstrate a variable laminar pattern of CB1‐immunoreactive axons and electron microscopically show that CB1‐positive GABAergic terminals make type‐2 synapses innervating dendritic shafts (69%), dendritic spines (20%) and somata (11%) in neocortical layers 2–3. Of the CB1‐immunopositive GABAergic terminals, 25% were vesicular‐glutamate‐transporter‐3 (VGLUT3)‐immunoreactive, suggesting GABAergic/glutamatergic co‐transmission on dendritic shafts. In vitro recorded and labelled VGLUT3 or CB1‐positive GABAergic interneurons expressed cholecystokinin, vasoactive‐intestinal‐polypeptide and calretinin, had diverse firing, axons and dendrites, and included rosehip, neurogliaform and basket cells, but not double bouquet or axo‐axonic cells. CB1‐positive interneurons innervated pyramidal cells and GABAergic interneurons. Glutamatergic synaptic terminals formed type‐1 synapses and some were positive for CB1 receptor with a distribution that appeared different from that in GABAergic terminals. From the sampled VGLUT3‐positive terminals, 60% formed type‐1 synapses with dendritic spines (80%) or shafts (20%) and 52% were also positive for VGLUT1, suggesting intracortical origin. Some VGLUT3‐positive terminals were immunopositive for vesicular‐monoamine‐transporter‐2, suggesting 5‐HT/glutamate co‐transmission. Overall, the results show that CB1 regulates GABA release mainly to dendritic shafts of both pyramidal cells and interneurons and predict CB1‐regulated co‐release of GABA and glutamate from single cortical interneurons. We also demonstrate the co‐existence of multiple vesicular glutamate transporters in a select population of terminals probably originating from cortical neurons and innervating dendritic spines in the human cerebral cortex.
Novel pain assessment tool specific for pulp symptoms to aid diagnosis
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Sharma Sidhartha , Kumar Vijay , Chawla Amrita , Kalaivani Mani , Baidya Dalim Kumar , Tomson Phillip L. , Abbott Paul V. , Logani Ajay 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimAlthough many pain assessment tools exist, none are specific to the relatively unique presentation of pulpal pain. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel pain assessment tool based on pulp symptoms.MethodologyA preliminary list of items best‐describing pulpitis was developed based on deductive and inductive approaches and the preliminary tool was piloted (n = 80). A final 11‐item pain assessment tool was developed comprising 5 closed‐ended items evaluating pain intensity to diverse stimuli (thermal and sweet) and 6 closed‐ended items assessing various aspects of pulp pain (such as spontaneity, duration, referral, postural pain, pain upon biting and requirement for analgesics). The tool was tested on 300 adult patients (age range = 18–54 years) who presented with symptoms indicating some form of pulpitis. The 11 items were each scored from 1 to 4, yielding a total score between 11 and 44. These scores were subsequently compared to a set of diagnoses made utilizing established clinical reference standards, these include patient history, clinical examination, periapical radiographs, and pulp testing.ResultsAll items in the tool reached an excellent content validity index score (≥0.83) for relevance. Following the pilot, six items were rephrased and five were removed. After final testing the constructed tool had a reliability coefficient of .8641, indicating a high level of internal consistency. Factor analysis extracted two factors that accounted for 59.61% of variance. The sensitivity and specificity was 95.36% and 86.58%, respectively. Likelihood ratio was 7.104 (LR+) and 0.05 (LR−) at cut‐off point. The area under the ROC curve was 0.9714 with a SE of 0.0076. The cut off score by Youden index was 25 between reversible and irreversible pulpitis.ConclusionsThe developed tool proved to be both valid and reliable. It is the first comprehensive multidimensional tool designed to standardize the pulp pain assessment protocol, covering various attributes of pulp pain and effectively distinguishing between reversible and irreversible pulpitis with a defined cut‐off score. Furthermore, its use is anticipated to provide support in diagnosing ambiguous cases of inflamed pulp, which is especially helpful for less experienced dentists.
Translingual Entanglements of Emotions and Translanguaging in Language Learning and Teaching Contexts
Authors: Dovchin Sender , Wang Min , Steele Carly 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this review article, we present the idea of “translingual entanglements of emotions,” which seeks to illustrate how emotions can be inherently entangled within language learning and teaching contexts in relation to language users’ translanguaging practices. Just like the trajectory of translanguaging approaches seeks to transcend what is generally seen as language or divisions between named languages, we suggest the idea of translingual entanglements of emotions to explore the multiple ways translanguaging is connected to, and part of, one's language education. Emotion is enmeshed within local modes of translanguaging, and it is bound up with changing modes of translingual resources embedded within translanguaging. It is entrenched in the everyday translanguaging practices of language teachers and learners in the classroom. From this perspective, unpacking translingual entanglements of emotions through translanguaging is essential, and we achieve this through an examination of recent literature that explicitly and implicitly addresses language teacher and learner emotion in relation to translanguaging.
Making Arguments at Lower Proficiencies: Move–Bundle Connection in Korean University Students’ English Argumentative Writing
Authors: Xia Detong , Kessler Matt 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecent research has suggested that the use of formulaic language such as lexical bundles may be important for helping second language (L2) English students construct arguments and achieve higher proficiency scores in testing situations. However, more research is needed that investigates such issues with learners of lower‐level proficiencies. This study investigates the use of lexical bundles across the argumentative writing of beginning‐ and intermediate‐level L2 English learners (N = 780). Using the Yonsei English Language Corpus, this study examines the frequency, structural features, and functional characteristics of three‐word lexical bundles and their role in achieving six rhetorical moves, including position, claim, counterclaim, rebuttal, evidence, and conclusion. The findings reveal that intermediate learners used more lexical bundles in two moves (i.e., claims and evidence). There were also differences both in the bundle structures used by beginners and intermediate learners, and in the functions realized through those bundles. How lexical bundles are used across lower levels of L2 proficiency, and the implications of these findings for L2 writing instruction, are discussed.
Embedding Service User Experience (‘Experts by Experience’) Into Undergraduate Mental Health Nursing Education: A Co‐Production Research Project
Authors: Bradley Stephen K. , Fowley Ava , McDonald Dee , Norton Michael , Sulej Marion , Smyth Siobhan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInternationally, the need to have service user involvement (the ‘voice’ of recovery journeys) as an established and significant feature on the landscape of professional development has been widely discussed in the area of mental health nursing (MHN) education for over a decade. Service user involvement contributes to a different understanding, bringing ‘new’ ways of knowing in nursing education and potentially new ways of practicing within mental health services. The objective of this co‐produced research was to investigate the current local ‘state of play’ of service user involvement in MHN student education in a regional university in the Republic of Ireland. This was not research ‘on’ participants as conventionally conceived, but rather research ‘with’ participants as co‐researchers. Therefore, a group of people [i.e., ‘experts by experience/service users’ (n = 2), ‘student nurses’ (n = 2), ‘nurse academics’ (n = 2)], came together by agreement in recognition of a problem (service user engagement in education) to seek local knowledge and through ‘creative dialogue’ to identify potential improvements/developments. The key outcomes concentrated on the need for person‐centred care to be more than a one‐off lecture in a course, but to be central to MHN education and ongoing practice. The need for MHNs to be educated to grasp that the individual they work with is not ‘an island’, but is connected to a wider network of family, friends and potentially peer support workers, etc. is highlighted. To enhance MHN education going forward, there is a need for ‘lived experience’ to be a consistent element of education programmes. Achieving this will require stable working relationships with the establishment of career pathways for ‘experts by experience’ to develop skills and experience in education settings. The pace of culture change in MHN education is sporadic at best and downright slow at worst. However, a lot has been done, but there is more to do: ‘We've come a long way, but we still have a long way to go…’.
Impact of the Implementation of a Short Stay Observation Unit Associated With Admitter‐Rounder Model Onto Other Internal Medicine Units in a French University Hospital
Authors: Hoang Michaël , Brunet Aurélie , Lhuaire Lucie , Vallet Catherine , N'Guyen Yohan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionFew data on the impact of specific interventions against Emergency Rooms ‘or Hospitals overcrowding are available in France.MethodsIn the present report, we retrospectively investigated the impact of the implementation of a short‐stay observation unit associated with the admitter‐rounder model, especially onto the other in‐patient internal medicine units in a French University Hospital.ResultsDuring the first 100 days, 242 patients were admitted into the short‐stay observation unit. The median length of stay (LOS) was 5 days, but it was lower during the first and third parts with the admitter‐rounder model than during the second part without: 4 versus 6 days (p = 0.007).Internal medicine bed‐spaced patients accounted for 19.5% of the bed‐spaced patients during the study period versus 28.1% during the same period the previous year (p = 0.04). The median LOS increased significantly in two units of internal medicine: 10 versus 8 days (p = 0.005) and 10 versus 8 days (p = 0.01) during the study period versus the same period the previous year, respectively.DiscussionThe reduced number of Internal Medicine bed‐spaced patients, the reduced LOS of patients in short‐stay observation unit when associated with the admitter‐rounder model and the increase of LOS among some of the in‐patient internal medicine units observed in this study should be evaluated elsewhere.
Efficacy of Magnifying Texture and Color Enhancement Imaging With Indigo Carmine as an Alternative to Crystal Violet for Colorectal Tumors
Authors: Ishikawa Tsubasa , Okimoto Kenichiro , Matsumura Tomoaki , Akizue Naoki , Kurosugi Akane , Sonoda Michiko , Kaneko Tatsuya , Ohta Yuki , Taida Takashi , Matsusaka Keisuke , Kato Jun , Ikeda Jun‐ichiro , Kato Naoya 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPit pattern diagnosis using crystal violet staining for colorectal tumors is useful for qualitative and depth diagnosis. However, due to its reported carcinogenic potential, the use of crystal violet has been restricted. This study was aimed at investigating the efficacy of texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) magnification in pit pattern diagnosis.MethodsThis study enrolled consecutive patients with consent obtained and with colonic tumors indicated for magnifying endoscopy in which all modalities' images (magnified observation with crystal violet staining (CV), magnified white light observation with indigo carmine (IC‐WLI), and magnified TXI observation with indigo carmine (IC‐TXI)) were evaluable between July 2020 and January 2023. The visibility of the pit pattern using a 5‐point Likert scale and its diagnostic accuracy were compared (IC‐TXI vs. IC‐WLI, reference: CV, by three experts).ResultsA total of 145 colorectal tumors from 145 patients were included. Visibility scores for the pit pattern were significantly higher with IC‐TXI compared to IC‐WLI (all three experts, p < 0.0001). The pit pattern match rate (Type II/III/IV/V) of IC‐TXI compared to CV was also superior to IC‐WLI (72.9% vs. 59.7%; p = 0.02).ConclusionsIC‐TXI provided reasonably good and higher visibility and diagnostic accuracy than IC‐WLI for pit pattern diagnosis of colorectal tumors compared to CV, suggesting it as an alternative to CV.
Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Cognitive Frailty in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yu Qian , Yu Hongyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsThis study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for cognitive frailty in elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsFrom February to November 2023, a convenience sample of 430 older adults with T2DM was enrolled at a tertiary hospital in Jinzhou. The study analysed 22 indicators, including sociodemographic characteristics, behavioural factors, information related to T2DM, nutritional status, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and depression. Independent risk factors related to cognitive frailty were identified using LASSO and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A prediction model was created using a nomogram. The calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate model performance. This study was reported using the STARD checklist (Data S1).ResultsThe study found that cognitive frailty was prevalent in 30.7% of elderly patients with T2DM. Age, physical activity, glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1c), duration of diabetes, nutritional status, IADL and depression were predictors of cognitive frailty. The ROC curve shows that the nomogram has good discriminative power. The calibration plots demonstrated a good fit between the observed and ideal curves. Additionally, DCA highlighted the clinical application of the nomogram.ConclusionsThis study provided an effective and convenient approach to evaluating the risk of cognitive frailty among elderly T2DM patients, which can help in the clinical screening of high‐risk individuals.ImpactNurses should emphasise the care of comorbid cognitive frailty in elderly patients with T2DM. The intuitive and noninvasive nomogram can help clinical nurses assess the risk probability of cognitive frailty in this population. Tailored prevention strategies for high‐risk populations can be rapidly developed with this tool, significantly improving patients' quality of life.Patient or Public ContributionSome patients were involved in data interpretation. No public contribution.