bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET): Validity evidence for the Brazilian population concerning the computer-based (face-to-face) and online versions
Authors: Fernandes Vieira de Lima Felipe , Rossi Giordano , dos Santos Rafael Guimarães , de Lima Osório Flávia 
Published: July 2023

Background
The lack of empathy is associated with several psychological and behavioral disorders, and it is important to assess this construct broadly, through multi-methods.

Objective
To conduct a psychometric analysis of the Brazilian version of the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET), a computerized task that assesses emotional and cognitive empathy.

Methods
The samples were recruited from the community using the snowball method (phase 1: face-to-face; N = 142) and through social media (phase 2: online; N = 519). The participants completed the MET and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to assess the convergent validity between the instruments. To assess validity with correlated constructs (resilient coping and stress), the Brief Resilient Coping Scale and Perceived Stress Scale were used. A task was also implemented in the face-to-face application to assess facial emotions. The retest was applied 25 days later to a portion of the sample (face-to-face: N = 31; online: N = 102).

Results
It was observed adequate test-retest reliability for most items (ICC = 0.49–0.98), satisfactory infit and outfit indexes, discriminatory ability between sexes, weak convergent validity with empathy measures (r = 0.17–0.36), and correlate constructs (r = 0.12–0.46). MET presented good psychometric indicators, confirming its use in face-to-face/computer-based and online formats in clinical and research contexts. However, weaknesses were found regarding the cognitive subscale, demanding future studies to address larger samples to enable more robust conclusions concerning its adequacy. Further research on the instrument’s internal structure can also contribute to its improvement.
Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenamases in Escherichia coli isolated from humans and livestock in rural south-western Uganda
Authors: Tuhamize Barbra , Asiimwe Benon B. , Kasaza Kennedy , Sabiiti Wilber , Holden Mathew , Bazira Joel 
Published: July 2023

Background
The accumulation of resistance genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains imposes limitations in the therapeutic options available for the treatment of infections caused by E.coli. Production of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) by E. coli renders it resistant to broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. Globally there is existing evidence of spread of carbapenem-resistant E. coli in both humans and livestock driven by acquisition of the several other carbapenemase genes. Overall, there is little information regarding the extent of KPC gene distribution in E. coli. We set out to determine the prevalence, and evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic patterns of KPC in E. coli isolated from humans and their livestock in rural south western Uganda.

Methods
A laboratory-based, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving 96 human and 96 livestock isolates collected from agro-pastoralist communities in Mbarara district in south western Uganda. Phenotypic and molecular methods (PCR) were used for presence and identification of KPC genes in the E. coli isolates. A chi-square test of independence was used to evaluate the differences in resistant patterns between carbapenems and isolates.

Results
The overall prevalence of carbapenem resistance by disk diffusion susceptibility testing (DST) for both humans and livestock isolates were 41.7% (80/192). DST-based resistance was identical in both human and livestock isolates (41.7%). The prevalence of carbapenem resistance based on Modified Hodge Test (MHT) was 5% (2/40) and 10% (4/40) for humans and livestock isolates respectively. Both human and livestock isolates, 48.7% (95/192) had the KPC gene, higher than phenotypic expression; 41.7% (80/192). blaKPC gene prevalence was overall similar in human isolates (51%; 49/96) vs livestock isolates (47.9%; 46/96). Approximately, 19% (15/80) of the isolates were phenotypically resistant to carbapenems and over 70% (79/112) of the phenotypically sensitive strains harbored the blaKPC gene.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that both human and livestock isolates of E. coli in our setting carry the blaKPC gene with a high percentage of strains not actively expressing the blaKPC gene. The finding of fewer isolates carrying the KPC gene than those phenotypically resistant to carbapenems suggests that other mechanisms are playing a role in this phenomenon, calling for further researcher into this phenomenon.
Feasibility study of Internet video-based speech-language activity for outpatients with primary progressive aphasia
Authors: Higashi Shinji , Koshibe Yuko , Miyazaki Takehiro , Watanabe Ryohei , Nakanome Hanako , Inoue Takeshi , Asada Takashi , Arai Tetsuaki 
Published: July 2023

Background
Primary progressive aphasia is a clinical dementia syndrome secondary to neurodegenerative disease characterized by language-related difficulties. Currently, there is no effective treatment for language impairment in primary progressive aphasia. In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of Internet video-based speech-language activities for this condition.

Methods
Twenty-three people with primary progressive aphasia (pwPPA) participated in the study and were provided with twelve speech-language activity videos on a dedicated website, with three sessions per week. The group that chose to continue with participation after three months of intervention received Internet activities for one year. Cognitive domains associated with persistence, treatment motivation, and video difficulty settings were statistically analyzed.

Results
After three months, 17 out of 23 participants opted to continue with the activities. The ability to follow oral commands which was measured pre intervention was higher in the group that continued compared with those participants who discontinued activity. The scores of two Standard Language Test of Aphasia subtests, sentence repetition and narrative writing–associated with the ability to comprehend and produce sentence structure–were highly correlated with motivation, interest and concentration in activity. Participants with different levels of primary progressive aphasia progression could participate in the same video-based activities when high-frequency words were used in the video.

Conclusions
Internet video-based speech-language activity at home has potential as a useful tool for future primary progressive aphasia treatment because it provides a cost-effective approach to intensive intervention and overcomes barriers associated with traditional therapy approaches.
Effects of personal and interpersonal factors on changes of food choices and physical activity among college students
Authors: Cao Juan , Wang Kun , Shi YuHui , Pan YuQing , Lyu MoHan , Ji Ying , Zhang Yan 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundHealth behaviors developed in the college years tend to persist in adulthood. However, distinct changing patterns of food choices and physical activity (PA) and their predictors are still less clear among college students. The current study sought to explore changes of food choices and PA, as well as the effects of personal and interpersonal factors.MethodTwo-wave longitudinal data was collected from a sample of 431 Chinese college students (Mean baseline age = 19.15 ± 0.61 years; 45.7% male). A validated self-reported food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of food choices. The Chinese revised version of physical activity rating scale was used to assess physical activity. Latent profile analysis, latent transition analysis, and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.ResultsTwo profiles of food choices, i.e.,Avoiding staples(5.1% at Time 1) andVaried diet(94.9% at Time 1), were identified at both timepoints. 90.9% remained the same profiles over time, 63.6% participants in theAvoiding staplesprofile shifted to theVaried dietprofile, and only 6.3% of those in theVaried dietprofile shifted to theAvoiding staplesprofile. Negative body shape-related belief was related to the translation from theVaried dietprofile to theAvoiding staplesprofile. Further, four profiles of PA, i.e.,Inactives(51.0% at Time 1),Low activies(26.0% at Time 1),Moderate activies(15.3% at Time 1), andActivies(7.7% at Time 1), were identified at both timepoints. 50.8% remained the same profiles over time, 38.6%Inactiviesshifted to the other profiles, and 48.5%Activiesshifted to the other profiles over time. Participants with higher self-efficacy showed an increase in PA over time, and those with lower self-efficacy and lower peer support showed a decrease in PA over time.ConclusionsOverall, most of college students remained the same food choices profiles, and body shape-related belief contributed to changes in food choices profiles. About half of college students experienced changes in PA, and the predictors of such changes were peer support and self-efficacy. The findings extend the understanding of the personal and interpersonal predictors of health behaviors among college students from a dynamic perspective.
Exposure levels of animal allergens, endotoxin, and β-(1,3)-glucan on a university campus of veterinary medicine
Authors: Zahradnik Eva , Sander Ingrid , Lotz Anne , Liebers Verena , Thullner Ingrid , Tacke Sabine , Raulf Monika 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
The study aimed to determine the allergen, endotoxin and β-(1,3)-glucan concentrations at various areas on a university campus of veterinary medicine.

Methods
Dust samples were collected four times a year for three years using electrostatic dust collectors (EDC) at 25 different locations on a campus of veterinary medicine and in laboratories of inorganic chemistry as a control area representing animal-free environment. Major animal allergens from dog, cat, horse, cattle and mouse, domestic mite (DM) allergens, and β-(1,3)-glucan were measured using enzyme immunoassays and endotoxin using the limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. Seasonal, annual and local influences on exposure levels were analyzed using Bayesian mixed models.

Results
With the exception of mouse allergens, all other determinants were found in almost all locations on the campus and in the control area, but in up to 10.000-fold variable concentrations. By far the highest levels of feline, canine, equine and bovine allergens were detected in buildings where the respective species were examined. The highest levels of mouse and DM allergens, β-(1,3)-glucan and endotoxin occurred together and were associated with locations where large animals were present. In buildings without animals, allergen levels were considerably lower but still elevated at several locations compared to the control area, especially for dog and horse allergens, and β-(1,3)-glucan. Significant seasonal effects were observed for dog, cat, horse and DM allergens, and β-(1,3)-glucan. Variations between years were less apparent than between seasons (except for β-(1,3)-glucan).

Conclusions
The strongest influencing factor on the concentration of mammalian allergens was the presence of the corresponding animal at the collection site. Seasonal influence on allergen concentrations was observed, while the overall exposure remained constant over the years. At locations with horses, elevated levels of mite allergens, endotoxin, and β-(1,3)-glucan can be expected, probably due to passive transfer from stable environment.
Contesting Chineseness: Nationality, Class, Gender and New Chinese Migrants, Sylvia Ang (2022)
Authors: Lu Yanxuan 
Published: July 2023

Review of: Contesting Chineseness: Nationality, Class, Gender and New Chinese Migrants, Sylvia Ang (2022)
Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 154 pp.,
ISBN 978-9-46372-246-9, h/bk, €95.00
ISBN 978-9-04855-441-6, p/bk, €94.99
Landscape of Psychological Profiles in Patients with Esophageal Achalasia
Authors: Xu Jia-Qi , Geng Zi-Han , Liu Zu-Qiang , Yao Lu , Zhang Zhao-Chao , Zhong Yun-Shi , Zhang Yi-Qun , Hu Jian-Wei , Cai Ming-Yan , Yao Li-Qing , Li Quan-Lin , Zhou Ping-Hong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Esophageal achalasia is a chronic esophageal dysmotility disease, of which the psychological distress was poorly understood. The study aims to assess the status of psychosocial characteristics in esophageal achalasia (EA) and to determine the relationship between psychological distress and EA.

Methods:
70 pairs of age and gender matched patients with EA and healthy control individuals were prospectively enrolled From December 2019 to April 2020 at our hospital. Demographic, psychosocial, and clinical data were obtained. Psychosocial assessments contained psychological distress (Symptom Checklist-90Revised, SCL-90R), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-14, PSS-14), and stressful life events (Life Events Scale, LES). Comparison for psychological parameters was made between EA and controls as well as for EA before/after POEM. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used to testify the association between psychological distress and achalasia symptoms.

Results:
The mean course and Eckardt score of patients with EA were 4.26±5.11 years and 6.63±2.21. There was a significant difference between patients and healthy individuals in global severity index (P=0.039) and positive symptoms total (P=0.041) for SCL-90R as well as positive intensity (P=0.011) for LES. Somatization (P<0.001), anxiety (P=0.021), anger-hostility (P=0.009) and others (appetite and sleep, P=0.010) accounted for the most difference. Somatization was positively associated with chest pain (P=0.045). Two EA patients developed recurrence and showed no relationship with psychological status. Psychological status was significantly improved after POEM.

Conclusions:
Psychological distress especially somatization was more prevalent in patients with EA than healthy controls. POEM seemed able to improve psychological distress.
Novel Genetic Risk Variants and Clinical Predictors Associated With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Wang Ming-Hsi , Friton Jessica J. , Rebert Nancy , Monroe Kelly , Nix Billy D. , Fiocchi Claudio , Raffals Laura E. , Leighton Jonathan A. , Pasha Shabana F. , Picco Michael F. , Newberry Rodney D. , Achkar Jean-Paul , Faubion William A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Patients with ulcerative colitis who are likely to have primary sclerosing cholangitis should be identified since PSC can influence UC clinical behavior and outcomes.

Aim:
To establish a model incorporating clinical and genetic risk predictors that identifies patients with UC at risk of developing PSC.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a retrospective case-control study. Inflammatory bowel disease cohorts from multiple institutions were used as discovery and replicate data sets. Quality control criteria, including minor allele frequency, call rates, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, cryptic relatedness, and population stratification (through principal components), were used. Discriminative accuracy was evaluated with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results:
Fifty-seven of 581 patients (9.8%) with UC had PSC. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with UC-PSC had more extensive disease (odds ratio [OR], 5.42; P=1.57E-04), younger diagnosis age (<20 years; OR, 2.22; P=.02), and less smoking (OR, 0.42; P=.02) than those with UC. After LD pruning and multivariate analyses, 3 SNPs (rs3131621 at 6p21.33; rs9275596 and rs11244 at 6p21.32) at the HLA region were found associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of PSC. Our model demonstrated good discriminatory power (AUC, 88%).

Conclusions:
Three variants in HLA (6p21.3) region significantly distinguished patients with UC-PSC from patients with UC alone. Once further validated in an independent large cohort, our model could be used to identify patients with UC at risk of PSC, and it could also help guide disease management.
Fecal calprotectin for the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Kapel Nathalie , Ouni Hamza , Benahmed Nacer Adam , Barbot-Trystram Laurence 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Calprotectin is a heterodimeric calcium and zinc-binding protein mainly derived from the cytoplasm of neutrophils that has direct antimicrobial functions and a role in the regulation of the innate immune response. It can be found in various biological compartments, in particular, the stool, with concentrations related to the level of mucosal inflammation. The measurement of fecal calprotectin has thus been recognized as a useful surrogate marker to distinguish patients with inflammatory bowel disease from those with irritable bowel syndrome. Moreover, it allows the monitoring of intestinal inflammation with a high negative predictive value, making it possible to exclude the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease for symptomatic patients. It also shows high sensitivity for the identification of patients requiring additional examinations for diagnosis, such as colonoscopy, and the evaluation of therapeutic responses, providing evidence of relapse or mucosal healing, which can lead to the intensification or reduction of treatment. As calprotectin levels are a measure of mucosal inflammation, high fecal concentrations are also found in other diseases with an inflammatory component, such as infectious enteritis or colorectal cancer. Interpretation of the concentration must therefore always take into account the clinical history and symptoms specific to each patient.
Trigeminal Amyloidoma in a Patient With Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Jhawar Nikita , Chirila Razvan , Leoni Moreno Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Trigeminal amyloidoma is a rare clinical phenomenon with scarce reports in the medical literature. This report presents a case of biopsy-proven trigeminal amyloidoma in a patient with cardiac amyloidosis. This case report sheds light on the differential diagnoses that may resemble trigeminal amyloidoma and strategies for workup and treatment.
Structure and function of spliceosomal DEAH-box ATPases
Authors: Enders Marieke , Neumann Piotr , Dickmanns Achim , Ficner Ralf 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Splicing of precursor mRNAs is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells, performed by a huge macromolecular machine, the spliceosome. Four DEAH-box ATPases are essential components of the spliceosome, which play an important role in the spliceosome activation, the splicing reaction, the release of the spliced mRNA and intron lariat, and the disassembly of the spliceosome. An integrative approach comprising X-ray crystallography, single particle cryo electron microscopy, single molecule FRET, and molecular dynamics simulations provided deep insights into the structure, dynamics and function of the spliceosomal DEAH-box ATPases.
¿Habilidad o identidad?: tensiones entre las ideologías neoliberales y las raciolingüísticas en el trabajo de los y las jóvenes bilingües de origen latino en EEUU
Authors: Villa Galán Laura , Alonso Lara 
Published: July 2023

ResumenEste artículo explora la tensión entre las ideologías lingüísticas neoliberales que señalan el valor económico del lenguaje en la economía globalizada y los procesos raciolingüísticos que co-naturalizan la raza y la lengua. Enfocándonos en el mercado laboral estadounidense, analizamos las experiencias de jóvenes profesionales de origen latino que, inspirados por la ideología de la ventaja bilingüe, esperan sacar provecho de sus habilidades lingüísticas en el trabajo. Partiendo de la economía política y basándonos en entrevistas semiestructuradas y encuestas realizadas con 23 jóvenes, analizamos dos prácticas laborales concretas para ilustrar la tensión entre (1) la conceptualización del conocimiento del idioma como un componente del “paquete de habilidades” que se espera que posean los trabajadores neoliberales (y que se supone los empleadores deben compensar), y (2) la esencialización de las habilidades lingüísticas de las personas racializadas y de clase trabajadora que se dan por sentadas y se disocian del mérito personal o académico (haciendo que no merezcan compensación económica). Además, exploramos la relación entre la dimensión afectiva de las prácticas lingüísticas y la asimilación entre trabajo y placer que propone el régimen neoliberal. El primer momento que analizamos es la corroboración del conocimiento de español en las entrevistas de trabajo, donde las habilidades lingüísticas no se ven como competencias profesionales que requieren verificación sino como atributos identitarios que se evalúan mediante el perfil racial de los candidatos. La segunda situación que estudiamos es la práctica recurrente de asignar trabajo lingüístico extra a las personas latinas, una práctica que se ha naturalizado y que no halla oposición o cuestionamiento por parte de los y las trabajadoras bilingües. Concluimos que mientras que el neoliberalismo destaca el valor económico de las lenguas, las personas racializadas no se benefician de ese valor puesto que la autoridad lingüística y las jerarquías raciales tradicionales continúan sin ser cuestionadas.
Prenatal tobacco exposure on brain morphometry partially mediated poor cognitive performance in preadolescent children
Authors: Rodriguez Rivera Pedro J. , Liang Huajun , Isaiah Amal , Cloak Christine C. , Menken Miriam S. , Ryan Meghann C. , Ernst Thomas , Chang Linda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate whether prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) is related to poorer cognitive performance, abnormal brain morphometry, and whether poor cognitive performance is mediated by PTE-related structural brain differences.

Methods
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study dataset was used to compare structural MRI data and neurocognitive (NIH Toolbox®) scores in 9-to-10-year-old children with (n=620) and without PTE (n=10,989). We also evaluated whether PTE effects on brain morphometry mediated PTE effects on neurocognitive scores. Group effects were evaluated using Linear Mixed Models, covaried for socio-demographics and prenatal exposures to alcohol and/or marijuana, and corrected for multiple comparisons using the false-discovery rate (FDR).

Results
Compared to unexposed children, those with PTE had poorer performance (all p-values <0.05) on executive function, working memory, episodic memory, reading decoding, crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence and overall cognition. Exposed children also had thinner parahippocampal gyri, smaller surface areas in the posterior-cingulate and pericalcarine cortices; the lingual and inferior parietal gyri, and smaller thalamic volumes (all p-values <0.001). Furthermore, among children with PTE, girls had smaller surface areas in the superior-frontal (interaction-FDR-p=0.01), precuneus (interaction-FDR-p=0.03) and postcentral gyri (interaction-FDR-p=0.02), while boys had smaller putamen volumes (interaction-FDR-p=0.02). Smaller surface areas across regions of the frontal and parietal lobes, and lower thalamic volumes, partially mediated the associations between PTE and poorer neurocognitive scores (p-values <0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest PTE may lead to poorer cognitive performance and abnormal brain morphometry, with sex-specific effects in some brain regions, in pre-adolescent children. The poor cognition in children with PTE may result from the smaller areas and subcortical brain volumes.