bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The long-term effects of reproductive health education among primary and secondary school students: A longitudinal quasi-experimental study in rural Tanzania
Authors: Shimpuku Yoko , Hirose Naoki , Chen Sanmei , Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Madeni Niko , Madeni Frida , Komada Mariko , Teshima Ayaka , Morishima Mayu , Ando Yasunobu , Takahama Koji , Nishida Atsushi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Adolescent pregnancy remains a major global health issue, increasing the risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth in mothers and babies. In Tanzania, adolescent pregnancy threatens girls’ education and makes it difficult for them to obtain a proper job; hence, the majority fall into poverty. Previous studies have developed and conducted reproductive health education for adolescent students; however, they evaluated only the effect immediately after education. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of reproductive health education on attitudes and behaviors toward reproductive health among adolescent girls and boys one year after the intervention in rural Tanzania.
Methods: A longitudinal quasi-experimental study was conducted with 3295 primary and secondary students (2123 in the intervention group, 1172 in the control group) from three purposefully selected wards in Korogwe District. In the intervention group, the students received reproductive health education. We used paper-based questionnaires to evaluate the effect of the adolescent education program on attitudes and behaviors toward reproductive health education. To analyze the association between the intervention and each outcome, mixed-effect multiple regression analyses was conducted.
Results: The mean age, primary school proportion, and female proportion of the intervention and the control group was 13.05 (standard deviation (SD) 1.59), 14.14 (SD 1.7), 77.9% and 34.3%, and 54.2% and 52.6%, respectively. There was no statistically significant effect of reproductive health education on adolescent health attitudes and behaviors in the multiple regression analyses (coefficient: -0.24 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.98-0.50), coefficient: 0.01 (95%CI: -0.42-0.43)).
Conclusion: A statistically significant effect of reproductive health education on adolescent health attitudes and behaviors was not found. An effective reproductive health education intervention to improve the attitude and behaviors of reproductive health among Tanzania adolescents in the long term remain to be determined, particularly in real-world settings.
Trial registration: the National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania (NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol. IX988)
Nonlinear Adaptive Controller Design to Stabilize Constant Power Loads connected-DC Microgrid using Disturbance Accommodation Technique
Authors: Rai Ila , Anand R , Lashab Abderezak , Guerrero Josep M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The DC microgrid is comprised of a considerable number of electronically regulated power electronic loads that act as constant power loads (CPLs). These power electronic devices have a high bandwidth regulation capability as well as a high-power conversion efficiency. Specifically, the high bandwidth control for the output of the converter load, when paired with the system's filtering components, results in negatively damped oscillations. These features, even if needed, may cause system instability and, finally, system failure if not avoided. To achieve effective power flow control in a DC microgrid, it is crucial to eliminate the undesired behaviour of the CPLs. The control objective requires the assessment of the power for uncertain loads, which vary with time. This paper proposes an adaptive controller linked to a cubature Kalman filter(CKF) for a DC microgrid with time-varying non-ideal CPLs. The controller utilises the neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) to make the design adaptive. The CKF method is used to determine the instantaneous value of time-varying load power. The assessed power is afterward sent to an ANFIS-based controller, which aims to modify the energy storage systems (ESS) injected current adaptively. The suggested controller not only maintains overall stability when the CPLs vary significantly, but it has a rapid dynamic response and accurate tracking across a wide operating range as well. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive controller can improve the DC microgrid's transient response while also increasing the stability margin.
Effects of mating, artificial insemination and intravaginal deposition of raw semen or seminal plasma on vaginal and uterine blood flow in German Holstein cows
Authors: Elmetwally Mohammed A , Meinecke-Tillmann Sabine , Herzog Kathrin , Bollwein Heinrich 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAim:The present study was performed in order to characterize and compare the perfusion of vaginal and uterine arteries after challenging the reproductive tract of dairy cows via natural mating, artificial insemination (AI), or intravaginal deposition (vaginal fundus) of different biological fluids or a placebo.Material and methods:In a double-blind study, six German Holstein cows were administered PGF2α during diestrus and 48 h later treated with GnRH. Intravaginal or intrauterine treatments were carried out 12 h after GnRH was administered. Animals served as their own controls, using a cross-over design with an interval of 14 days between experiments. Corresponding time intervals were chosen for the untreated control estrus. Blood flow volume (BFV) in the uterine (u) and vaginal (v) arteries ipsilateral to the ovary bearing the preovulatory follicle was determined using transrectal Doppler sonography.Results:All animals exhibited estrus and ovulated between 30 h and 36 h after GnRH. Transient increases (P < 0.05) in vaginal blood flow occurred between 3 and 12 h following mating as well as 3 to 9 h after deposition of raw semen and seminal plasma, respectively. The most distinct increases (199%) in vBFV occurred 6 h after mating compared to values immediately before mating (= time 0 h). Neither AI nor deposition of a placebo into the vagina affected vBFV (P>0.05). Only mating and deposition of either raw semen, seminal plasma or AI increased (P<0.0.003) UBFV. The greatest rise in uBFV occurred after natural mating. Maximum uBFV values were detected 9 h after mating when values were 79 % greater (P < 0.05) than at 0h.Conclusions:The natural mating, deposition of raw semen or seminal plasma and conventional AI affects vaginal and/ or uterine blood flow to different degrees. The factors responsible for these alterations in blood flow and their effects on fertility remain to be clarified in future studies.
Clinical significance of serum antinuclear antibodies in patients with autoimmune hepatitis and comorbidity
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Yuqi , Wang Peng , Wang Xin , Yi Yunyun , Li Xin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background & Aims: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is often complicated with immune diseases, which greatly affected the course and clinical outcome of AIH. We aimed to systematically assess clinical characteristics, prognosis in autoimmune hepatitis accompanied by immune diseases.
Methods: Clinical records of 358 patients with AIH from Beijing Ditan Hospital in China were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical features of AIH with immune diseases were compared retrospectively, including clinical characteristics, prognosis and outcome.
Results: Prevalence of immune diseases in patients with AIH was 26.5%. Connective tissue disease (CTD) was the commonest immune diseases associated with AIH (33/358, 9.2%), and the incidence of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and thyroid dysfunction (TD) was low (4.7% and 8.5%, respectively). At diagnosis, AIH-PBC patients had higher IgM and ALP, lower weight, Hgb, ALT and AFP (P<0.05). Meanwhile, AIH-CTD patients had lower mean platelet volume, serum K and triglyceride (P<0.05). AIH-TD patients had a lower proportion of ANA positive (P<0.05). The overall survival time of AIH-TD was significantly shorter than AIH patients (P=0.0011), but there were no differences in AIH-PBC and AIH-CTD. Furthermore, ANA negative (HR:0.21, 95%CI 0.13-0.35, P<0.001) can be a factor to predict the poor prognosis of AIH, and also in AIH-TD patients.
Conclusions: About 26.5% of AIH patients had at least one immune disease，and TD coexisted with AIH impaired patients’ survival. ANA negative can be used as an independent indicator to predict the poor prognosis of AIH and AIH-TD.
Preparation of superhydrophobic coating with excellent abrasion resistance and anti-icing properties using Al2O3/PVDF composites with different Al2O3 particle sizes
Authors: Samsun Didem , Alkan Sena , Basaran Neslihan , Selli Neslihan Tamsu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Considering the application areas of ceramic materials (ceramic sinks, toilet bowls, washing areas, ceramic tiles tableware), the demand for improving dirt and water repellent properties is increasing day by day with the perception of hygiene and cleanliness that affects the whole world. In this study, super-hydrophobic solutions were prepared and applied to ceramic substrates by adding alumina particles with different particle size distributions into the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix. Alumina powders added to the PVDF matrix at four different rates to obtain composite materails. Alumina powders with two different particle sizes, coarse and fine, was used and the effect of grain size on the properties was investigated. The adhesion performance of the coatings was determined by brush tests. In addition, surface roughness values, colour variation after coating, and anti-icing performance were also evaluated. It was observed that the coating with the (PVDF:Al2O3) ratio (1:0.25) had the highest contact angle and adhesion property.
Osteohistological variations in the Antarctic penguin Pygoscelis adeliae (Aves, Sphenisciformes)
Authors: Garat Luis Marcial , Talevi Marianella , Hospitaleche Carolina Acosta 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

To analyze the osteohistological variations between adult individuals of Pygoscelis adeliae, histological sections of the mid-level of the shaft of different bones (humerus, radius, ulna, carpometacarpus, femur, tibiotarsus, tarsometatarsus and ribs) of a female and a male, were compared. The results indicate that, at the microanatomical level, the sections present a compact tissue with a reduced (or null) medullary cavity and a high bone density resulting from the internal compaction of the tissues. At the histological level, three tissue regions, defined by their bone matrix, level of organization of the vascular channels, and the degree of compaction, can be identified. However, sexual differences and variations in the microstructure and histology along the skeleton were found in the penguin Pygoscelis adeliae. A medullary cavity defined by an inner circumferential system appears in the male, whereas in the female, a remaining medullary cavity without the development of an inner circumferential layer, a lower degree of bone compaction, the presence of medullary tissue, and intertrabecular spaces, was observed. These results are consistent with reports of medullary bone in females from other groups of birds and provided an assistant criterion for the differentiation of sexes.
Post Hysterectomy Case of Borderline Ovarian Mucinous Tumour
Authors: Mishra Setuma , Kaur Parneet , Aggarwal Sangeeta , Garg Monika 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Borderline ovarian tumors, also described as atypical proliferative tumors, were earlier called as tumors of low malignant potential. Borderline tumors differ from epithelial ovarian cancers by their low incidence, low association with mutations in BRCA genes, high survival rate. Mucinous borderline tumors have rare incidence with different clinical manifestations, abdominal mass and compressive symptoms being most common.
We report a case of 38-year-old post hysterectomy female with large ovarian borderline mucinous tumor with vague symptoms. Patient was investigated and underwent exploratory laparotomy where a large solid – cystic mass with solid component originating from right adnexa was removed. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Histology report showed atypical proliferative borderline mucinous tumor of right ovary.
Our case report is paradigmatic for how borderline tumor developed in a post-hysterectomy patient.
Association between exposure to specific PM 2.5 constituents and environment, lifestyle, and clinical parameters in patients with COPD
Authors: Kang Jieun , Kim Hajeong , Jung Ji Ye , Huh Jin-Young , Ji Hyun Woo , Kim Hwan-Cheol , Lee Sei Won , Kim Hwan Cheol 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: Particulate matter of less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) is associated with various adverse health outcomes. Limited evidence exists however regarding the effects of the individual constituents of indoor PM2.5 and whether their concentrations are affected by the environment or lifestyle. We here investigated the associations between these individual constituents and respiratory outcomes, the living environment, and daily life behaviors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods: This was a prospective panel study involving COPD patients recruited from three hospitals in the Republic of Korea. Detailed questionnaires on living environments and lifestyle practices were completed by the participants. Associations between indoor PM2.5 constituents and respiratory outcomes, living environments, and daily life behaviors were then analyzed. Correlation analyses were conducted using a Spearman’s rank-order or Pearson’s correlation.
Results: A total of 89 stable COPD cases were included. Their mean age was 68.1 years and 84 (94.4%) were men. The median indoor PM2.5 concentration was 11.3 μg/m3. Titanium was significantly associated with small airway resistance. Higher concentrations of aluminum, bromine, and silicone correlated with more frequent exacerbations. Regarding the living environment, the copper concentrations were negatively correlated with the distance from a road and with the floor level of residence. A higher manganese concentration was associated with greater traffic volume. An increased ventilation time was associated with lower concentrations of copper and silicone, whereas the air purifier operation time on a day with a heavy dust level was negatively correlated with barium and titanium concentrations. Iron and manganese were negatively correlated with a frequency of cleaning the kitchen ventilator.
Conclusion: PM2.5 comprises various chemical constituents, each showing different relationships with clinical parameters in patients with COPD. Such constituents may be affected by environmental factors or lifestyles and should be considered as part of individualized intervention strategies through further studies.
Synthesis and Study of Anti Fungal Activity of 1,4-benzothiazines Derivatives
Authors: Jain Kumar Gaurav 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Imines forms an important class of heterocyclic compounds such as1,4-Benzothiazine and its derivatives which shows wide range of biological activities such as antimicrobial, antifungal etc. Therefore, some new benzothiazine derivatives were synthesized by using benzanilide and substituted benzanilides with sulphene, generated in situ from methane sulphonyl chloride and triethylaminehydroxylchloride, as a starting material. The synthesized 1,4-benzothiazines (Ia -Va) were tested in vitro for their antifungal activity against Alternaria alternate, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum and Myrothecium roridum by employing the standard technique of spore germination inhibition at various concertation’s. Some of the compounds have shown promising antifungal activity against test fungi.
Stream Habitats and Aquatic Communities in an Agricultural Watershed: Responses to a Mandatory Riparian Buffer Law
Authors: Mundahl Neal D. , Varela Will L. , Weaver Cole , Mundahl Erik D. , Cochran-Biederman Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Riparian buffers along streams can intercept eroding soils, contaminants, and nutrients, improving stream habitats and increasing the health of aquatic communities. Instream and riparian habitats and fish and benthic invertebrate communities were surveyed in a Minnesota stream draining an agricultural watershed before and after implementation of a state-mandated buffer law passed in 2014 and aimed at protecting water quality. Intensive habitat assessments, electrofishing, and benthic invertebrate sampling were used at the same 13 sites in 2005 and 2018. Average buffer width nearly doubled between surveys, and instream abundance of fine sediments and embeddedness of coarse substrates by fine sediments both declined significantly within 1 to 3 years of buffer establishment. Stream sites also were significantly deeper with faster current velocities, and sites had increased riffle habitat and increased instream vegetative cover for fish after buffer mandates. However, fish and invertebrate biotic integrity scores, and other biotic community metrics, did not display significant improvements after buffer establishment. Stream habitats appear to respond quickly when intact and continuous riparian buffers insulate streams from surrounding agricultural activities, but improvements in biotic communities likely will require more time to adapt to changed habitat conditions.
PL02® alleviates joint Pain and Inflammation, and subchondral bone deterioration in the Monosodium iodoacetate-induced Osteoarthritis rat model
Authors: Upadhyay Prabhat , Kalra Diya , Nilakhe Aishwarya Shrikant , Aggrawal Vijay , Gupta Sarika 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the fourth most debilitating multifactorial disease, associated with personal and socioeconomic burdens worldwide. Currently, no safe therapy is available that can effectively prevent the deterioration of cartilage and subchondral bone or reverse existing defects. To address this, we have designed a multitargeted formulation, PL02, consisting of standardized extracts of the Rosa canina L, and Hippophae rhamnoides, along with collagen peptide, to explore the pharmacological efficacy in the Monosodium iodoacetate-induced (MIA) OA model in the rodents. The results show oral administration of PL02 exhibits antioxidant effects via down-regulating NOS, alleviated pain-related behavior, and reduced inflammation via inhibiting IL-1b and dependent TNF-a production, downregulating CGRP1 and COX-II. PL02 exerted anti-catabolic and chondroprotective activity by significantly downregulating MMP13 and upregulating BCL2. PL02 exhibited chondrogenic activity by significantly upregulating SOX-9(master regulator of chondrogenesis), Coll-I, and aggrecan, the major collagen and proteoglycan in the articular cartilage and prevented microarchitectural deterioration of subchondral bone. Thus, orally active PL02, a multi-targeted disease-modifying therapy that has not only alleviated pain and inflammation but also effectively arrested cartilage, and subchondral bone deterioration, constitutes a safe novel candidate for OA treatment and management.
Sympathetic modulation of hindlimb muscle contractility is altered in aged rats
Authors: Hotta Harumi , Iimura Kaori , Watanabe Nobuhiro , Suzuki Harue , Sugie Masamitsu , Shigemoto Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
It has recently been demonstrated that reflex excitation of muscle sympathetic nerves triggered by muscle contraction contributes to the maintenance of tetanic force (TF) in rat hindlimb muscles. We hypothesized that this feedback mechanism between the contraction of hindlimb muscles and the lumbar sympathetic nerves declines during aging. In this study, we examined the contribution of sympathetic nerves on skeletal muscle contractility in young adult (4–9 months old, n = 11) and aged (32–36 months old, n = 11) male and female rats. The tibial nerve was electrically stimulated to measure the TF of the triceps surae muscles resulting from motor nerve activation before and after cutting or stimulating (at 5–20 Hz) the lumbar sympathetic trunk (LST). The TF amplitude decreased by cutting the LST in the young and aged groups; however, the magnitude of the decrease in TF following transection of the LST in the aged rats (6.2%) was significantly (P = 0.02) smaller compared with that in the young rats (12.9%). The TF amplitude was increased by LST stimulation at >5 Hz in the young and >10 Hz in the aged groups. The overall TF response to LST stimulation was not significantly different between the two groups; however, increases in muscle tonus resulting from LST stimulation, independent of motor nerve stimulation, was significantly (P = 0.03) greater in aged compared with young rats. The sympathetic contribution to support motor nerve-induced muscle contraction declined, whereas sympathetic-mediated muscle tonus, independent of motor nerve activity, was augmented in aged rats. These changes in sympathetic modulation of hindlimb muscle contractility may underlie the reduction of skeletal muscle strength during voluntary contraction and rigidity of motion during senescence.
Determination of Bemotrizinol degradation in different stress condition by high performance liquid chromatography in sunscreen preparations
Authors: Jana Kallol , Mahanti Beduin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sunscreen preparations are use for protection of epidermis from ultraviolet rays of sunlight, which cause skin allergy, skin aging, skin burn and skin cancer. Bemotrizinol is added to the different sunscreen preparations for absorbing the harmful sun rays like UVB (290 nm-320nm) as well as UVA (320nm-400nm) rays. The stability of Bemotrizinol is very important in different stress condition to obtain the maximum skin protecting effect from sun rays. The stress condition like photolytic dry and wet exposure, thermal exposure, oxidation, acid hydrolysis and base hydrolysis of Bemotrizinol was study with photo diode array detector and a cost effective high performance liquid chromatographic method. The chromatographic condition like mobile phase methanol 100 percent, flow rate 2.5 ml per minutes, column octadecylsilane C-18 (30 x 0.39 cm, 10 micron) and detection was done at 254 nm. The photolytic and thermal stability of Bemotrizinol ware conformed by the dry, wet and thermal chromatogram compare with standard chromatogram, where no such degradation peak was found. Oxidative, acid and base decomposition ware found by gating the degradation peak in the chromatogram compare with standard chromatogram. The developed analytical method of Bemotrizinol obeys linearity 70 – 130 microgram per ml with correlation coefficient 0.996 and statistically validated for accuracy. The excellent recovery was 100.01% to 105.04% and RSD of precision was 0.9576%. The simple economic specific linear method is use to determine the Bemotrizinol as well as identify the degradation of the sunscreen preparations.
Investigation of Stresses Occurring in Rotating Cylinders
Authors: KAYIRAN Hüseyin Fırat , KORKMAZ Abdul Vahap 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study investigated elastic stress distribution in rotating cylinders made of Titanium and Bronze material analytically. Von Mises yield criterion is considered in the plane strain reference interval. Elastic ranges were determined analytically. As a result, the obtained findings were shared with the literature in graphics. At the end of the study, it was determined that the stresses occurring in the titanium material cylinder were higher than the bronze disc, and the pressures were inversely proportional to the increase in the grading parameter in the cylinders.