bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Support and Perceptions of COVID‐19‐related Emotional Impact on Mental Health Among Early Adolescents in Appalachia
Authors: Layman Hannah M. , Mann Michael J. , Smith Megan L. , Kogan Steven M. , Kristjansson Alfgeir L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundYoung people who experience higher levels of social support from their schools and families have been shown to be less likely to develop symptoms of negative mental health outcomes such as depression and anxiety.1–4 This raises questions concerning how young people's stress and psychological changes due to the COVID‐19 pandemic as well as social support during this time have affected their overall mental health. The aim of this study was to assess the association between sources of parental‐ and school‐level social support and youth perceptions of COVID‐19‐related emotional impact on mental health among early adolescent girls and boys in Appalachia.MethodsUsing linear regression, we analyzed the first and third wave of survey data from the larger parent study (Young Mountaineer Health Study) cohort, collected in 20 middle schools throughout West Virginia in the fall of 2020 and fall of 2021 (N = 1349, mean age: 11.5, response rate: 80.7%).ResultsApproximately half of participants reported knowing someone that had been sick with COVID‐19. Those experiencing higher levels of perceived COVID‐19‐related emotional impact reported greater levels of depression, anxiety, and anger. Both parental and school‐level social support were associated with better mental health outcomes.ConclusionsEarly adolescent perceptions of COVID‐19‐related emotional impact were associated with depression, anxiety, and anger and moderated by social support at home and in school among 11‐12‐year‐old youth in Appalachia.
Effects of different starch diets on growth performance, intestinal health and faecal microbiota of growing pigs
Authors: Li Zhiqing , Zhang Fan , Zhao Yirun , Liu Xiang , Xie Junyan , Ma Xiaokang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different starch source diets on growth performance, intestinal health, and, microbiota of growing pigs. Eighteen healthy “Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire” pigs (50 ± 0.61 kg, Castrated boar) were randomly divided into three groups with six replicates and one pig per replicate. The pigs in the three treatments were fed diets prepared with cassava flour (CF), rice bran (RB) and sorghum flour (SF), respectively, and the nutritional levels of the three treatments were the same. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed that pigs in the RB group had significantly increased average daily gain (ADG, p < 0.05) compared with pigs in CF and SF groups. Compared with pigs in the CF group, the final body weight (FBW) of growing pigs in the RB group was increased and the ratio of feed to gain (F: G) was decreased (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between FBW and F: G between the SF group and the other two groups. Compared with the CF group, the RB group significantly increased the jejunum amylase activity (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the SF group and the other two groups. Compared with growing pigs in the CF group and SF group, the duodenal villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio of growing pigs in the RB group were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and total VFA in the colon and caecum of piglets in the SF group were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to piglets in CF and RB groups, and there was no significant difference between the CF group and RB group. Compared with the RB group, caecal butyric acid concentration was significantly increased in SF and CF groups (p < 0.05). Seven dominant phyla were identified at the phylum level, among which Firmicutes, Bacteroidota and Spirochaetota were dominant phyla, accounting for 74.18%, 14.87% and 6.56% of the RB group respectively. Cassava flour group accounted for 80.22%, 9.64% and 3.71%; Accounting for 65.33%, 17.34% and 13.07% of the SF group. Through the comparative analysis of microbial differences among the treatment groups, it was found that at the phylum level, compared with the SF group, the abundance of Synergistota in the diet of the CF group and the diet of the RB group was significantly increased (p < 0.05). The abundance decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The quantity of Desulfobacterota in the RB group was significantly higher than that in the CF group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, compared with sorghum starch and cassava starch, RB starch can improve the activity of digestive enzymes and villus height in the small intestine of growing pigs and promote the growth of pigs by protecting the intestinal health of growing pigs.
Using a frequentist and Bayesian approach to examine video game usage, substance use, and sleep among college students
Authors: Asbee Justin , Slavish Danica , Taylor Daniel J. , Dietch Jessica R. 
Published: February 2023

SummaryVideo games are a popular form of entertainment. However, there is mixed evidence for the association between video game usage and poor sleep quality, short sleep duration, or delayed sleep timing. The current study examined associations between daily sleep behaviours and video game usage via a Bayesian and frequentist statistical approach. Caffeine and alcohol consumption were also assessed as moderators, as these behaviours may co‐occur with video game usage and poor sleep. 1032 (72% female) undergraduate students were recruited between 2006–2007. Participants completed questionnaires examining video game and substance use, as well as sleep diaries for 1 week. Frequentist analyses revealed that video game usage was related to increased variability in the total sleep time, and a later average sleep midpoint, but not sleep efficiency. Alcohol use moderated the relationships between video game usage and both average and variability in total sleep time. Caffeine use was related to shorter average total sleep time and more variability in sleep efficiency. Alcohol consumption was related to more variability in the total sleep time and sleep midpoint, and a later average sleep midpoint. Bayesian models suggested strong evidence that video game playing was associated with later average sleep midpoint. Like the frequentist approach, alcohol consumption moderated the relationship between video game usage and both average and variability in total sleep time, but the evidence was weak. The effect sizes for both approaches tended to be small. Using a rigorous statistical approach and a large sample, this study provides robust evidence that video game usage may not be strongly associated with poor sleep among undergraduate students.
Multi‐zone fusion crust formation and classification of the 2004 Auckland meteorite (L6, S5, and W0)
Authors: Scott James M. , Negrini Marianne , Faure Kevin , Palmer Marshall C. , Knaack Derek R. , Leybourne Matthew I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOn June 12, 2004, a meteorite passed through Earth's atmosphere and landed under the television in the living room of a house in Auckland, New Zealand. Textural characteristics, the chemistry of olivine (Fa23–24) and orthopyroxene (Fs20.7), and the bulk rock triple oxygen isotopes (δ17O + 3.1; δ18O + 4.2‰) from the interior of the completely unweathered (W0) 1.3 kg meteorite, hereafter referred to as Auckland, suggest it to be a strongly metamorphosed fragment from the interior of a low iron ordinary chondrite (L6) parent asteroid. The occurrence of maskelynite but shock fracturing of olivine and pyroxene indicates Auckland experienced extreme shock metamorphism (S5), likely during Ordovician fragmentation of the asteroid parent. The fusion crust consists of three zones: (1) an innermost zone containing narrow Fe‐Ni‐S‐bearing veins that migrated along pre‐existing shock fractures in olivine and pyroxene; (2) a middle zone in which the meteorite partially melted to form a silicate glass and immiscible blebs of metal and troilite, and is accompanied by unmelted silicate minerals; and (3) an approximately 0.1 mm wide vesicular‐rich outermost layer that largely melted, volatilizing sulfides, before quenching to form glass and olivine. Oxygen isotope values of the bulk rock and/or maskelynite of melted rim and modified substrate are 2–3‰ greater than the meteorite interior and indicate that up to 19% of terrestrial atmospheric O2 was incorporated into the fusion crust during the formation. The fusion crust migrated inwards as ablation occurred, enabling melting, migration, and re‐precipitation ± loss of sulfide and metal components, with the prominent glassy rim therefore forming from an already chemically modified zone.
Comparing two simplified questionnaire‐based methods with 24‐h recalls for estimating fortifiable wheat flour and oil consumption in Mandaluyong City, Philippines
Authors: Friesen Valerie M. , Miller Jody C. , Bitantes Ryan B. , Reario Maria F. D. , Arnold Charles D. , Mbuya Mduduzi N. N. , Neufeld Lynnette M. , Wieringa Frank T. , Stormer Ame , Capanzana Mario V. , Cabanilla Carl V. D. , Lietz Georg , Haskell Marjorie J. , Engle‐Stone Reina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInformation on fortifiable food consumption is essential to design, monitor and evaluate fortification programmes, yet detailed methods like 24‐h recalls (24HRs) that provide such data are rarely conducted. Simplified questionnaire‐based methods exist but their validity compared with 24HRs has not been shown. We compared two simplified methods (i.e., a household food acquisition and purchase questionnaire [FAPQ] and a 7‐day semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire [SQ‐FFQ]) against 24HRs for estimating fortifiable food consumption. We assessed the consumption of fortifiable wheat flour and oil using a FAPQ and, for wheat flour only, a 7‐day SQ‐FFQ and compared the results against 24HRs. The participants included children 12−18 months (n = 123) and their mothers 18−49 years selected for a study assessing child vitamin A intake and status in Mandaluyong City, Philippines. For fortifiable wheat flour, the FAPQ estimated considerably lower mean intakes compared to 24HRs for children and mothers (2.2 vs. 14.1 g/day and 5.1 vs. 42.3 g/day, respectively), while the SQ‐FFQ estimated slightly higher mean intakes (15.7 vs. 14.1 g/day and 51.5 vs. 42.3 g/day, respectively). For fortifiable oil, the FAPQ estimated considerably higher mean intakes compared to 24HRs for children and mothers (4.6 vs. 1.8 g/day and 12.5 vs. 6.1 g/day, respectively). The SQ‐FFQ, but not the FAPQ, generated useful information on fortifiable food consumption that can inform fortification programme design and monitoring decisions in the absence of more detailed individual‐level data. Potential adaptations to improve the FAPQ, such as additional questions on foods prepared away from home and usage patterns, merit further research.
Visual–auditory learning network for construction equipment action detection
Authors: Jung Seunghoon , Jeoung Jaewon , Lee Dong‐Eun , Jang Hyounseung , Hong Taehoon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAction detection of construction equipment is critical for tracking project performance, facilitating construction automation, and fostering construction efficiency in terms of construction site monitoring. Particularly, the auditory signal can provide additional information on computer vision‐based action detection of various types of construction equipment. Therefore, this study aims to develop a visual–auditory learning network model for the action detection of construction equipment based on two modalities (i.e., vision and audition). To this end, both visual and auditory features are extracted from the multi‐modal feature extractor. In addition, the multi‐head attention and detection module is designed to conduct the localization and classification tasks in separate heads in which different attention mechanisms for each task are applied. Particularly, the content‐based attention mechanism and the dot‐product attention mechanism are, respectively, adopted for spatial attention in the localization head and channel attention in the classification head. The evaluation results show that the precision and recall of the proposed model can reach 86.92% and 84.00% with the adoption of the multi‐head attention and detection module, which has proven to improve overall detection performance by utilizing different correlations of visual and auditory features for localization and classification, respectively.
Life course research in physical activity: Pathway to Global Action Plan 2030
Authors: Sharma Chitra , Ahuja Kiran D. K. , Kulkarni Bharati , Byrne Nuala M. , Hills Andrew P. 
Published: February 2023

SummaryCurrent global trends in physical activity levels demonstrate that the world is not on track to achieve the 2030 target set by the Global Action Plan. The Action Plan posited that physical activity should be an integral component of “daily lives” of all individuals “across the life course.” Potential contributions to achieve global physical activity goals include the utilization of compositional data analysis and life course epidemiology to provide a framework for the composite nature of physical activity and complex life course relationships. Combining these two traditionally disconnected fields represents a paradigm shift in physical activity research. Here, we discuss how these combined fields enable a reinterpretation of previous research findings and explore their impact on policy and potential advantages and challenges. Careful consideration needs to be given to the implications of both fields remaining disconnected and the alternate option of consolidation to realize ambitions.
An exploratory study of distractions during the induction phase of pediatric procedural sedation with propofol
Authors: Boriosi Juan P. , Eickhoff Jens C. , Bryndzia Christina , Peters Megan , Hollman Gregory A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionDistractions are a leading cause of disturbance to workflow during medical care. Distractions affecting the anesthetic team in the operating room are frequent and have a negative impact on patient care one‐fifth of the time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency, source, target, and impact of distractions during the induction phase of pediatric procedural sedation outside the operating room.MethodsDistractions were analyzed during propofol induction for oncology procedures from 45 video recordings. Distraction was defined as any event that disturbs or has potential to disturb the sedation team from performing their primary tasks. The type of distraction was cataloged into communication, coordination, extraneous events, equipment, layout, and usability. A five‐point Likert scale was used to quantify the impact on the sedation team or its members.ResultsAll patients had a diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia and had a mean age of 8.4 years. Five hundred and sixty‐seven distractions occurred and averaged 12.6 events (±5.6) per induction (mean induction time 3 min 12 s). Extraneous events were most common, accounting for 55% (312/567) of all distractions. Most distractions had an impact on the sedation team's workflow, resulting in multitasking (46%, n = 262), and in either brief or complete disruption from a primary task (17%). Sedation nurses were impacted most often, 62% of the time. Coordination and usability issues resulted in the greatest negative impact, mean ± SD, 3.7 ± 1.0 and 3.5 ± 0.9, respectively. There was no significant association between distractions and adverse events or induction length.DiscussionDistractions are common during procedural sedation, with extraneous events being most frequent. Coordination issues within the team and usability problems had the greatest negative impact on sedation team workflow. Nurses were the most frequent target.ConclusionDistractions impacted sedation team workflow but had no association with patient outcomes.
Reduced positive affect alters reward learning via reduced information encoding in the Reward Positivity
Authors: Jackson Trevor C. J. , Cavanagh James F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReward Positivity (RewP) is a feedback‐locked event‐related potential component that is specifically elicited by rewarding feedback and scales with positive reward prediction error, a hallmark of reinforcement learning models. The RewP is also diminished in depression, suggesting that it may be a novel marker of anhedonia. Here, we examined if a sad mood induction offered an opportunity to causally induce a mood‐related alteration of the RewP and reward‐related learning. In Experiment 1 (N = 50 total), participants were randomly assigned to previously established sad or neutral mood induction procedures before a probabilistic selection task. This manipulation failed to induce changes in affect, suggesting that standard methods are inadequate. In Experiment 2 (N = 50 total), participants were randomly assigned to newly developed happy versus sad mood manipulations, which successfully induced large changes in affect. While the RewP was unaffected by mood induction, positive mood moderated the relationship between prediction error encoding in the RewP and reward learning, such that low positive mood and low prediction error encoding resulted in poorer reward learning. These findings provide a mechanistic example of how reduced positive affect moderates reward learning via poorer information encoding in the RewP.
On apparent pronominal feature contradictions: Shifty agreement in Telugu
Authors: Messick Troy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates so‐called monstrous agreement—where a non‐first‐person pronoun can control first‐person agreement on an embedded verb—in Telugu. Empirically, I provide the most in‐depth description of monstrous agreement in Telugu to date. To account for monstrous agreement, I propose that embedded pronouns have morphosyntactic features that indicate their roles in both the matrix and embedded speech acts. This means an embedded pronoun can have first‐person and third‐ or second‐person features simultaneously. I then propose a precise set of morphosyntactic operations that allow the first‐person feature to appear on the verbal agreement but not the pronoun controlling the agreement. I also show that pronouns that have these contradictory features must be bound by an operator to be licensed, and I discuss the nature of these operators and the locality conditions on the binding relationship. The theoretical consequence of this article is that apparently contradictory feature combinations on pronominal elements must be sanctioned by UG.
Increasingly amplified stimulation mediated by TaNAC69‐B is crucial for the leaf senescence in wheat
Authors: Li Jingkun , Qiao Hualiang , Yin Pengcheng , Liu Meng , Yang Yifan , Li Ke , Yang Le , Yang Chaosha , Zhao Lifeng , Zhou Shuo , Liu Yongwei , Zhou Chunjiang , Wang Geng 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYLeaf senescence involves massive multidimensional alterations, such as nutrient redistribution, and is closely related to crop yield and quality. No apical meristem, Arabidopsis transcription activation factor, and Cup‐shaped cotyledon (NAC)‐type transcription factors integrate various signals and modulate an enormous number of target genes to ensure the appropriate progression of leaf senescence. However, few leaf senescence‐related NACs have been functionally characterized in wheat. Based on our previous RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) data, we focused on a NAC family member, TaNAC69‐B, which is increasingly expressed during leaf senescence in wheat. Overexpression of TaNAC69‐B led to precocious leaf senescence in wheat and Arabidopsis, and affected several agricultural traits in transgenic wheat. Moreover, impaired expression of TaNAC69‐B by virus‐induced gene silencing retarded the leaf senescence in wheat. By RNA‐seq and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis, we confirmed that some abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis genes, including AAO3 and its ortholog in wheat, TraesCS2B02G270600 (TaAO3‐B), were elevated by the overexpression of TaNAC69‐B. Consistently, we observed more severe ABA‐induced leaf senescence in TaNAC69‐B‐OE wheat and Arabidopsis plants. Furthermore, we determined that TaNAC69‐B bound to the NAC binding site core (CGT) on the promoter regions of AAO3 and TaAO3‐B. Moreover, we confirmed elevated ABA levels in TaNAC69‐B‐OE wheat lines. Although TaNAC69‐B shares 39.83% identity (amino acid) with AtNAP, TaNAC69‐B did not completely restore the delayed leaf senescence in the atnap mutant. Collectively, our results revealed a positive feedback loop, consisting of TaNAC69‐B, ABA biosynthesis and leaf senescence, that is essential for the regulation of leaf senescence in wheat.
Successful resuscitation and neurological monitoring of a dog with out‐of‐hospital cardiopulmonary arrest due to pentobarbital overdose
Authors: Iannucci Claudia , Hoehne Sabrina N. , Murthy Vishal D. , Dutil Guillaume , Maiolini Arianna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical signs, electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, treatment, and outcome in a dog after successful resuscitation from out‐of‐hospital cardiopulmonary arrest (OHCA) induced by pentobarbital intoxication.Case SummaryA 10‐year‐old, male intact Jack Russell Terrier was referred for management of refractory status epilepticus and presented dead on arrival. After 7 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, return of spontaneous circulation was achieved, but the dog remained comatose, apneic, and lacked brainstem reflexes on neurological examination 6 hours following resuscitation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed polioencephalomalacia consistent with prolonged epileptiform activity, and EEG was initially concerning for electrocerebral inactivity. Following supportive care that included short‐term mechanical ventilation, the dog made a full recovery and was discharged from the hospital alive 7 days postresuscitation. It was later revealed that the dog had been administered an unknown amount of pentobarbital during transportation, which likely contributed to the OHCA, clinical, and EEG findings.New Information ProvidedThis is the first report to describe the full recovery and hospital discharge of a dog suffering OHCA and the first description of EEG findings in a clinical veterinary patient following cardiopulmonary arrest and successful resuscitation. Factors likely contributing to successful patient outcome and potential benefits and limitations of EEG in monitoring postcardiac arrest patients are discussed.
IDENTITY AND THE BRAIN: THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF OUR SELF
Authors: Newberg Andrew B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article reviews the neuroscientific understanding of the self and personal identity, focusing on various elements of inclusivity and exclusivity as well as engaging religious and spiritual perspectives. We will also consider how the identity is comprised of biological, social, and ideological or spiritual aspects, and how they are interconnected. We will consider how the brain helps us to construct and maintain our representation of the self and what happens when we have self‐transcendent experiences. Such an evaluation will have implications for understanding the intersection between consciousness and the self. This information will be helpful from both the psychological and spiritual perspective for understanding human identity.