bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Emissive Chiral Mn(II) Bromide Hybrids for UV‐Pumped Circularly Polarized LEDs and Scintillator Image Applications
Authors: Davydova Maria P. , Meng Lingqiang , Rakhmanova Mariana I. , Bagryanskaya Irina Yu. , Sulyaeva Veronica S. , Meng Hong , Artem'ev Alexander V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid metal halides are a promising platform for the design of materials for circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and X‐ray detection applications. Meanwhile, despite the recent progress in this hot field, hybrid metal halides, simultaneously endowed with efficient CPL and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), are still limited to a few examples. Herein, the efficient, stable, and low‐cost CPL‐active Mn(II) hybrids are developed via blending of luminogenic [MnBr4]2− anions with N/OH‐bond free R/S‐[MBA‐Me3]+ cations in a single ionic structure. The synthesized R/S‐[MBA‐Me3]MnBr4 hybrids display brightly green Mn2+‐centered circularly polarized phosphorescence with near‐unity PLQY and a high glum factor of 0.0045. Single crystals of R/S‐[MBA‐Me3]MnBr4 are used to fabricate UV‐pumped circularly polarized light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) displaying a high optical selectivity upon exposure to right‐handed and left‐handed circular polarization conditions. Moreover, the titled compounds are found to emit strong X‐ray radioluminescence with excellent linear response to X‐ray dose rate that is used for X‐ray imaging demonstration. These findings reveal a great potential of R/S‐[MBA‐Me3]MnBr4 as low‐cost materials for CPL‐LEDs, scintillators, and X‐ray imaging applications.
Hydrophobic Ni@N‐Doped TiO2 Nanosheet Arrays‐Carbon Paper Photocatalyst for CO2 Photoreduction at Tri‐Phase Interfaces
Authors: Zhao Dawei , Dang Chunzhuo , Xuan Yimin , Zhu Qibin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRational interphase reaction provides a feasible method to overcome the matters of insufficient adsorption of CO2 molecules at the catalytic sites and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which can increase the formation rate and selectivity of carbon derivatives in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Herein, a hydrophobic photocatalyst with TiO2 nanosheet arrays grown on hydrophobic carbon paper (TiO2‐HCP) is fabricated using a combination of magnetron sputtering and hydrothermal method, and its unique structure not only endows it excellent light absorption and effective carrier spatial separation but also avoids the hydrophobic reagent covering reactive sites. When the interphase reaction shifts from solid–liquid diphase to gas‐liquid‐solid tri‐phase, the photocatalytic CO2 reduction over TiO2‐HCP mainly generates CO molecules and effectively suppresses HER due to the HCP suppressing the mass transfer of H2O molecules to active sites. Notably, amounts of H2 byproduct can further react with CO2/CO to produce high value‐added CH4 resultant by modifying the N‐doped TiO2‐HCP with nickel/nickel oxide species. In the tri‐phase interfacial CO2 photoreduction system, the CH4 formation rate of Ni@N‐doped TiO2‐HCP reaches 134.17 µmol m−2 h−1 (about 74.6% selectivity) and total carbon derivatives selectivity is about 93%.
Activation Function Dependence of Data‐Driven Spectra Prediction of Nanostructures
Authors: Qiu Weiyang , He Cheng , Zheng Genrang , Yi Qiaoling , Chen Guo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccompanied by the fast growth of data and computing power, Deep Learning has developed at a tremendous speed. Other related areas including material science, physics, chemistry, medical science, and engineering also benefit from this well‐proven powerful tool. Activation function is an essential part of Deep Neural Networks, which has attracted a lot of attention, but there are few researches based on nanophotonics problems. In this work, comprehensive research is made on the effectiveness of several widely used activation functions. This research shows that among those fancy activation functions that are investigated, Tanhshrink performs the best, which can predict the spectra with a Root Mean Square Error <0.005 for over 99% of these randomly generated instances. Other traditional activation functions like Tanh and Sigmoid also show excellent outcomes in competition with novel ones. This work shows that although deep learning has already been a powerful tool to solve physics problems, there is still a lot of fundamental work to be done to achieve its maximum potential.
High‐Efficiency and Stable Long‐Persistent Luminescence from Undoped Cesium Cadmium Chlorine Crystals Induced by Intrinsic Point Defects
Authors: Yang Ruoting , Yang Dongwen , Wang Meng , Zhang Fei , Ji Xinzhen , Zhang Mengyao , Jia Mochen , Chen Xu , Wu Di , Li Xin Jian , Zhang Yu , Shi Zhifeng , Shan Chongxin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractApplication of long‐persistent luminescence (LPL) materials in many technological fields is in the spotlight. However, the exploration of undoped persistent luminescent materials with high emission efficiency, robust stability, and long persistent duration remains challenging. Here, inorganic cesium cadmium chlorine (CsCdCl3) is developed, featuring remarkable LPL characteristics at room temperature, which is synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. Excited by ultraviolet light, the CsCdCl3 crystals exhibit an intense yellow emission with a large photoluminescence quantum yield of ≈90%. Different from the reported systems with lanthanides or transition metals doping, the CsCdCl3 crystals without dopants perform yellow LPL with a long duration of 6000 s. Joint experiment‐theory characterizations reveal the intrinsic point defects of CsCdCl3 act as the trap centers of excited electrons and the carrier de‐trapping process from such trap sites to localized emission centers contributes to the LPL. Encouraged by the attractive fluorescence and persistent luminescence as well as good stability of CsCdCl3 against environment oxygen/moisture (75%), heat (100 °C for 10 h), and ultraviolet light irradiation, an effective dual‐mode information storage‐reading application is demonstrated. The results open up a new frontier for exploring LPL materials without dopants and provide an opportunity for advanced information storage compatible for practical applications.
Manageable Bubble Release Through 3D Printed Microcapillary for Highly Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Zeng Tianbiao , Guo Binbin , Xu Zhiyao , Mo Funian , Chen Xiaoteng , Wang Liping , Ding Yihong , Bai Jiaming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPorous metal foams (e.g., Ni/Cu/Ti) are applied as catalyst supports extensively for water splitting due to their large specific area and excellent conductivity, however, intrinsic bubble congestion is unavoidable because of the irregular three‐dimensional (3D) networks, resulting in high polarization and degraded electrocatalytic performances. To boost the H2O decomposition kinetics, the immediate bubble removal and water supply sequential in the gas–liquid–solid interface is essential. Inspired by the high efficiency of water/nutrient transport in the capillaries plants, this work designs a graphene‐based capillary array with side holes as catalyst support to manage the bubble release and water supply via a Z‐axis controllable digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology. Like planting rice, a low‐cost, high‐active CoNi carbonate hydroxide (CoNiCH) is planted on support. A homemade cell can reach 10 mA cm−2 in 1.51 V, and be kept at 30 mA cm−2 for 60 h without noticeable degradation, surpassing most of the known cells. This research provides a promising avenue to design and prepare advanced catalysts in various fields, including energy applications, pollutant treatment, and chemical synthesis.
Do Silene species with exposed stigmas tolerate interference by heterospecific pollen?
Authors: Hao Kai , Fang Qiang , Huang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPremiseCo‐flowering species that have not evolved an avoidance mechanism may have tolerance to heterospecific pollen (HP) deposition as an adaptive strategy to minimize any deleterious effects of HP transfer, but empirical evidence for the tolerance hypothesis remains scarce.MethodsTo estimate the potential effects of heterospecific pollen deposition (HPD) on female reproductive success, we counted conspecific (CP) and HP pollen grains deposited on stigmas and assessed subsequent seed set of both open‐ and hand‐pollinated flowers in three co‐flowering Silene species with exposed stigmas that usually received numerous HP grains on the elongated receptive area.ResultsThe percentage of HP grains per flower (HP%) varied from 16.6% to 43.0% among three species. Silene chungtienensis had lower HP%, and the CP‐HP relationship was neutral; S. gracilicaulis and S. yunnanensis had a relatively higher HP% with a positive CP‐HP relationship. The effects of CP and HP number on natural seed set were positive for all three species, but HP% had stronger negative effects in S. chungtienensis and S. gracilicaulis. In hand‐pollinated flowers of the three Silene species, seed set did not decrease with HP whether CP was in excess or insufficient, indicating no negative effects of HPD on seed production.ConclusionsConsistent with the tolerance hypothesis, our results indicated that species with higher HP interference are likely to be tolerant to an increase in HP%. These species with generalist‐pollinated flowers and exposed large stigmas may benefit from an increase of conspecific pollen deposition, despite the associated increase in heterospecific pollen deposition.
UV‐Licht trifft Mechanochemie: Die Regioselektive Photochemische Festkörpersynthese von Nanographenen
Authors: Baier Daniel M. , Spula Carolina , Fanenstich Stephen , Grätz Sven , Borchardt Lars 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAufgrund der geringen Eindringtiefe von Licht sind photochemische Reaktoren auf hohe Verdünnungen angewiesen, um chemische Reaktionen zu ermöglichen. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir eine neue Methode der UV‐Photochemie in Abwesenheit großer Mengen Lösungsmitteln in einer Kugelmühle vor. Triphenylen wurde mittels der Mallory‐Reaktion und der Cyclodehydrochlorierung (CDHC) in Ausbeuten von 81 bzw. 92 % synthetisiert. Die CDHC wurde erfolgreich in den Gramm‐Maßstab skaliert, und die Robustheit der Methode für verschiedene Substrate nachgewiesen. Schließlich wurde der regioselektive Aufbau von Nanographenen für größere Systeme demonstriert. Der hier vorgestellte mechanochemische Ansatz bietet somit ein vielversprechendes neues Werkzeug zur Konstruktion von Nanographenen.
Electroreduction Enables Regioselective 1,2‐Diarylation of Alkenes with Two Electrophiles
Authors: Yu Weijie , Wang Shengchun , He Meng , Jiang Zhou , Yu Yi , Lan Jinping , Luo Jin , Wang Pengjie , Qi Xiaotian , Wang Tao , Lei Aiwen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrecisely introducing two similar functional groups into bulk chemical alkenes represents a formidable route to complex molecules. Especially, the selective activation of two electrophiles is in crucial demand, yet challenging for cross‐electrophile‐coupling. Herein, we demonstrate a redox‐mediated electrolysis, in which aryl nitriles are both aryl radical precursors and redox‐mediators, enables an intermolecular alkene 1,2‐diarylation with a remarkable regioselectivity, thereby avoiding the involvement of transition‐metal catalysts. This transformation utilizes cyanoarene radical anions for activating various aryl halides (including iodides, bromides, and even chlorides) and affords 1,2‐diarylation adducts in up to 83 % yield and >20 : 1 regioselectivity with more than 80 examples, providing a feasible approach to complex bibenzyl derivatives.
Domino‐meta‐C−H‐Ethylglykosylierung durch Ruthenium(II/III)‐Katalyse: Modularer Aufbau von meta‐C‐Alkylglykosiden
Authors: Wu Jun , Wei Wen , Pöhlmann Julia , Purushothaman Rajeshwaran , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRadikalische Glykosyladditionsreaktionen sind gut erforscht und haben sich als eine effiziente Syntheseroute von C‐Alkylglykosiden erwiesen. Jedoch sind mehrkomponentige Domino‐Transformationen, für einen schnellen und kontrollierbaren Aufbau strukturell diversifizierter C‐Alkylglykoside, in einem einzigen Schritt, noch selten. Im Gegensatz dazu berichten wir hier über eine Ruthenium(II)‐katalysierte Domino‐meta‐C−H‐Ethylglykosylierung, welche die Herstellung anspruchsvoller meta‐C‐Alkylglykoside ermöglicht. Unsere Ruthenium(II)‐Katalyse zeichnete sich durch milde Reaktionsbedingungen, ausschließlicher meta‐Selektivität und einer hohen anomeren Selektivität aus. Darüber hinaus ermöglichte die Ruthenium(II)‐katalysierte Domino‐meta‐C−H‐Glykosylierung die Synthese vielseitiger 1,2‐trans‐C‐Alkylglykoside mit kommerziell erhältlichen Vinylarenen, Acrylaten und leicht zugänglichen Glykosylbromiden.
Dominometa‐C−H Ethyl Glycosylation by Ruthenium(II/III) Catalysis: Modular Assembly ofmeta‐C‐Alkyl Glycosides
Authors: Wu Jun , Wei Wen , Pöhlmann Julia , Purushothaman Rajeshwaran , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlycosyl anomeric radical addition reactions have been well‐explored and proved efficient for theC‐alkyl glycosides synthesis, but multicomponent Domino transformations for the rapid and controllable construction of structurally diversifiedC‐alkyl glycosides in a single step are still rare. In contrast, we, herein, report a ruthenium(II)‐catalyzed Dominometa‐C−H ethyl glycosylation, enabling the construction of challengingmeta‐C‐alkyl glycosides. Our ruthenium(II) catalysis was reflected by the mild reaction condition, exclusivemeta‐site selectivity and high levels of anomeric selectivity. In addition, the ruthenium(II)‐catalyzed Dominometa‐C−H glycosylation allowed for the synthesis of versatile 1,2‐trans‐C‐alkyl glycosides with commercially available vinyl arenes, acrylates and easily accessible glycosyl bromides.
Silicon rubber grafted with hydrophilic and thermoresponsive poly(DEGMA‐co‐OEGMA) with improved hemo‐ and cyto‐compatibility
Authors: Montoya‐Villegas Kathleen Abigail , González‐Ayón Mirian Angelene , Alvarez‐Lorenzo Carmen , Licea‐Claveríe Angel , Bucio Emilio , Ramírez‐Jiménez Alejandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe grafting of thermo‐responsive, hydrophilic, hemo‐ and biocompatible poly(DEGMA‐co‐OEGMA) onto silicone rubber was carried out by the gamma‐radiation pre‐irradiation method. The size of the grafted chains was controlled using 4‐cyano‐4‐(propylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl pentanoic acid as RAFT agent. Different graft parameters were evaluated to obtain an adequate grafting percentage which allows combining the features of both the matrix and the grafted polymers. The controlled process was confirmed by GPC analysis of the homopolymers formed during the grafting process as by‐products and their molar composition was determined by 1H‐NMR. Grafted materials were characterized by FTIR‐ATR, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and optical profilometry, while hydrophilicity and temperature‐responsive behavior were evaluated by water absorbing capacity and contact angle measurements. The obtained materials showed enhanced hydrophilicity and excellent hemo‐ and cytocompatibility as evaluated in terms of hemolysis, thrombus formation, protein adsorption, cell viability, and cytotoxicity. The obtained materials showed potential to be applied in the biomedical field in devices in contact with blood.
Ecomorphological correlates of inner and middle ear anatomy within phyllostomid bats
Authors: Dickinson Edwin , Tomblin Emily , Rose Madison , Tate Zoe , Gottimukkula Mihika , Granatosky Michael C. , Santana Sharlene E. , Hartstone‐Rose Adam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEcholocation is the primary sense used by most bats to navigate their environment. However, the influence of echolocating behaviors upon the morphology of the auditory apparatus remains largely uninvestigated. While it is known that middle ear ossicle size scales positively with body mass across mammals, and that peak call frequency scales negatively with body mass among bats, there are still large gaps in our understanding of the degree to which allometry or ecology influences the morphology of the chiropteran auditory apparatus. To investigate this, we used μCT datasets to quantify three morphological components of the inner and middle ear: ossicle size, ossicle shape, and cochlear spirality. These data were collected across 27 phyllostomid species, spanning a broad range of body sizes, habitats, and dietary categories, and the relationships between these variables and ear morphology were assessed using a comparative phylogenetic approach. Ossicle size consistently scaled with strong negative allometry relative to body mass. Cochlear spirality was significantly (p = .025) associated with wing aspect ratio (a proxy for habitat use) but was not associated with body mass. From a morphological perspective, the malleus and incus exhibited some variation in kind with diet and call frequency, while stapes morphology is more closely tied to body size. Future work will assess these relationships within other chiropteran lineages, and investigate potential morphological differences in the middle and inner ear of echolocating‐vs‐non‐echolocating taxa.
Metal‐Ion/Metal Nanoparticle‐Anchored Porous Organic Polymers as Efficient Catalysts for Organic Transformations – A Recent Overview
Authors: Kathiresan Murugavel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPorous organic polymers are porous materials that are interlinked with organic building blocks by strong covalent bonds. The functional groups on the building blocks can be carefully chosen to obtain a POP with desired functionalities. In certain cases, the pores or voids interact with the organic molecules via non‐covalent interactions and hence they serve as catalytic centers. In many cases, pristine POPs themselves were evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts for their catalytic activity. The inner functional groups of POPs act as a ligand or interact with metal ions/metal nanoparticles and hence a wide range of metal‐ion‐anchored POPs or metal nanoparticle‐loaded POPs were reported. These metal‐ion‐anchored POPs can catalyze different organic reactions as that of pristine metal‐based catalysis following a heterogeneous pathway. In this type of catalysis, POP plays an important role, i. e., it serves as a carbon matrix, and interacts with organic molecules via non‐covalent interactions, further in metal/metal‐ion‐anchored POPs, the metal concentration is highly reduced and the organic transformation effectively takes place at the interface of metal/carbon matrix. Herein, we discuss the recent developments on metal‐ion/metal nanoparticle loaded POPs and their role in various organic transformations such as C−C coupling reactions, borrowing hydrogen reactions, CO2 transformations, hydroformylations reactions, oxidation of alkynes to 1,2‐diketones and C−H arylation reactions.
Removal of PFAS from groundwater using weak‐base anion exchange resins
Authors: Kassar Christian , Boyer Treavor H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research provides new insights on the application of weak‐base (WB) anion exchange resins (AERs) for groundwater treatment of six perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) with different properties. Continuous‐flow column adsorption and regeneration experiments involving WB, polyacrylic, and WB, polystyrene resins were conducted considering salt‐only regeneration solutions and two representative strong‐base (SB)‐AERs of analogous polymer composition and a third solution of methanol/salt used as baseline for comparison. The WB, polyacrylic resin was regenerated using salt‐only solutions of NaOH due to deprotonation of the tertiary amine functional group at alkaline pH. However, organic cosolvent was required to weaken the hydrophobic interactions between PFAAs and the nonpolar WB, polystyrene resin. Removal was predominantly influenced by polymer composition with free‐base WB‐AERs exhibiting similar selectivity and higher capacity as SB resin counterparts. This work highlights WB‐AER selection based on PFAA‐selective removal and more sustainable regeneration strategies.
Identification of novel inhibitor against human phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase from phytochemicals of Citrus sinensis peel extract by in vitro and in silico approach
Authors: Victor Priscilla Pushparani , Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan , Kadry Seifedine , Gurunathan Baskar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKidney stone is a major global menace that demands research on nonsurgical treatment involving biological compounds for the benefit of the patients. Among the biological extracts, citric acid is traditionally used to dissolve kidney stones. The current research focuses on evaluating the in vitro anti‐urolithiatic activity and in silico study of ethanolic extract of Citrus sinensis (ECS) peel against c: phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase (PCYT). The diuretic activity was evaluated using in vitro model against the synthesized calcium oxalate crystals and cytotoxicity study in Madin–Darby canine kidney cell lines. The phytochemicals were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. The interaction mechanism was studied using computational docking studies to confirm their involvement in the dissolution of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Further molecular properties, drug‐likeness, ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion), and toxicity analysis were followed for the ligands using software tools. 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural, 2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenol, 2‐methoxy‐4‐vinylphenol, 6‐octen‐1‐ol, 3,7‐dimethyl‐, acetate (citronellyl acetate), 3′,5′‐dimethoxyacetophenone, and ethyl alpha‐d‐glucopyranoside showed good binding affinities against PCYT. Moreover, the docking studies showed the ligand 3′,5′‐dimethoxyacetophenone has the highest binding energy (−6.68 kcal/mol) for human CTP. The present investigation concludes that these compounds of C. sinensis peel extract compounds are responsible as novel inhibitors against human CTP and extend their use in the pharmaceutical drug development process.
Vasa, a regulator of localized mRNA translation on the spindle
Authors: Sundaram Buitrago Paola Alejandra , Rao Kavya , Yajima Mamiko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLocalized mRNA translation is a biological process that allows mRNA to be translated on‐site, which is proposed to provide fine control in protein regulation, both spatially and temporally within a cell. We recently reported that Vasa, an RNA‐helicase, is a promising factor that appears to regulate this process on the spindle during the embryonic development of the sea urchin, yet the detailed roles and functional mechanisms of Vasa in this process are still largely unknown. In this review article, to elucidate these remaining questions, we first summarize the prior knowledge and our recent findings in the area of Vasa research and further discuss how Vasa may function in localized mRNA translation, contributing to efficient protein regulation during rapid embryogenesis and cancer cell regulation.