bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modifying Electronic Structure of Cation‐Exchanged Bimetallic Sulfide/Metal Oxide Heterostructure through In Situ Inclusion of Silver (Ag) Nanoparticles for Extrinsic Pseudocapacitor
Authors: Patil Amar. M. , Moon Sunil , Jadhav Arti A. , Hong Jongwoo , Kang Keonwook , Jun Seong Chan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe inferior electrical conductivity of conventional electrodes and their slow charge transport impose limitations on the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors (SCs) using those electrodes, necessitating strategies to overcome the limitations. An in situ Ag ion‐incorporated cation‐exchanged bimetallic sulfide/metal oxide heterostructure (Ag‐Co9‐xFexS8@α‐FexOy) is synthesized using a two‐step hydrothermal method. The coordination bond formation and Ag nanoparticle (NP) incorporation improve the electrical conductivity and adhesion of the heterostructure and reduce its interface resistance and volume expansion throughout the charge/discharge cycles. Density functional theory investigations indicate that the remarkable interlayer and interparticle conductivities of the heterostructure resulting from Ag doping have changed its electronic states, leading to an enhanced electrical conductivity. The optimized electrode has an excellent specific capacity (213.6 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1) and can maintain 93.2% capacity retention with excellent Coulombic efficiency over 20 000 charge/discharge cycles. A flexible solid‐state extrinsic pseudocapacitor (EPSC) is fabricated using Ag‐Co9‐xFexS8@α‐FexOy and Ti3C2TX electrodes. The EPSC has specific and volumetric capacitances of 259 F g−1 and 2.7 F cm−3 at 0.7 A g−1, respectively, an energy density of 80.9 Wh kg−1 at 525 W kg−1, and a capacity retention of 92.8% over 5000 charge/discharge cycles.
Nanoscale Metal Particle Modified Single‐Atom Catalyst: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application
Authors: Chen Runze , Chen Shenghua , Wang Liqiang , Wang Dingsheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted considerable attention in heterogeneous catalysis because of their well‐defined active sites, maximum atomic utilization efficiency, and unique unsaturated coordinated structures. However, their effectiveness is limited to reactions requiring active sites containing multiple metal atoms. Furthermore, the loading amounts of single‐atom sites must be restricted to prevent aggregation, which can adversely affect the catalytic performance despite the high activity of the individual atoms. The introduction of nanoscale metal particles (NMPs) into SACs (NMP‐SACs) has proven to be an efficient approach for improving their catalytic performance. A comprehensive review is urgently needed to systematically introduce the synthesis, characterization, and application of NMP‐SACs and the mechanisms behind their superior catalytic performance. This review first presents and classifies the different mechanisms through which NMPs enhance the performance of SACs. It then summarizes the currently reported synthetic strategies and state‐of‐the‐art characterization techniques of NMP‐SACs. Moreover, their application in electro/thermo/photocatalysis, and the reasons for their superior performance are discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of NMP‐SACs for the future design of advanced catalysts are addressed.
Breath Biopsy Reveals Systemic Immunothrombosis and Its Resolution through Bioorthogonal Dendritic Nanoprobes
Authors: Zhang Yuanlin , Ranaei Pirmardan Ehsan , Barakat Aliaa , Hafezi‐Moghadam Ali 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImmunothrombosis, an inflammation‐dependent activation of the coagulation cascade, leads to microthrombi formations in small vessels. It is a dreaded complication of COVID‐19 and a major cause of respiratory failure. Due to their size and disseminated nature, microthrombi are currently undetectable. Here, noninvasive detection of a volatile reporter in the exhaled air is introduced for assessment of systemic immunothrombosis. A dendritic nanoprobe, containing high loading of a thrombin‐sensitive substrate, is selectively cleaved by thrombin, resulting in release of a synthetic bioorthogonal volatile organic compound (VOC). The VOC is quantitated in the exhaled air biopsies via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), allowing near real‐time assessment of systemic immunothrombosis. The VOC detection can be further improved with more rapid and sensitive MS‐based technologies. The amount of the VOC in the exhaled air decreases with resolution of the microvascular inflammation and intravascular fibrin depositions. Through conjugation of the thrombin‐sensitive peptide with a rhodol derivative, a novel thrombin‐sensitive fluorescent nanoprobe is developed for intravital visualization of thrombin activity in actively growing thrombi. These results establish unprecedented detection of thrombin activity in vivo, addressing this unmet medical need. This novel approach facilitates diagnosis of immunothrombosis in diseases such as diabetic complications, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and COVID‐19.
Microfluidic Chips Fabrication and Integration for Tumor‐Derived Exosomes Detection
Authors: Wu Yanqiu , Sun Zhiwei , Gao Fucheng , Wang Yandong , Jiang Yanyan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExosomes are a type of small extracellular vesicles carrying proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Because their expression levels are highly correlated with tumor development, exosomes are regarded as non‐invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Therefore, many exosome detection techniques are developed to provide a new way for cancer diagnosis. However, conventional techniques require the isolation of exosomes from body fluids before analysis, which usually relies on complex equipment and cumbersome operations. In addition, complex procedures may introduce impurities and thus affect the accuracy of the test. As an emerging analysis technology, microfluidic overcomes these shortcomings by integrating a microchannel for sample transport isolation and an exosome analysis module, showing great prospects in cancer diagnosis. This review will provide an overview of microchannel fabrication and analysis methods with outstanding compatibility for different microfluidic types, with a particular focus on microfluidic‐based exosome analysis methods that have the potential for clinical application.
Fully Printed Flexible Ultrasound Transducer for Medical Applications
Authors: Keller Kirill , Leitner Christoph , Baumgartner Christian , Benini Luca , Greco Francesco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe fabrication of a fully printed, lead‐free, polymer piezoelectric transducer is presented and the characterization of its structural, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties at different processing stages is demonstrated. The performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) transducers with resonance frequency analyses, acoustic power measurements, and pulse‐echo experiments is evaluated. Notably, for the first time for a fully printed transducer, an optimal performance in the medical ultrasound range (<15 MHz) is demonstrated with acoustic power >1 W cm−2, which is promising for applications in epidermal and wearable electronics. Overall, the findings provide a strong foundation for future research in the area of flexible ultrasound transducers.
MLF2 Negatively Regulates P53 and Promotes Colorectal Carcinogenesis
Authors: Fang Debao , Hu Hao , Zhao Kailiang , Xu Aman , Yu Changjun , Zhu Yong , Yu Ning , Yao Bo , Tang Suyun , Wu Xianning , Mei Yide 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInactivation of the p53 pathway is linked to a variety of human cancers. As a critical component of the p53 pathway, ubiquitin‐specific protease 7 (USP7) acts as a deubiquitinase for both p53 and its ubiquitin E3 ligase mouse double minute 2 homolog. Here, myeloid leukemia factor 2 (MLF2) is reported as a new negative regulator of p53. MLF2 interacts with both p53 and USP7. Via these interactions, MLF2 inhibits the binding of USP7 to p53 and antagonizes USP7‐mediated deubiquitination of p53, thereby leading to p53 destabilization. Functionally, MLF2 plays an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer, at least partially, via the negative regulation of p53. Clinically, MLF2 is elevated in colorectal cancer and its high expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. In wild‐type‐p53‐containing colorectal cancer, MLF2 and p53 expressions are inversely correlated. These findings establish MLF2 as an important suppressor of p53 function. The study also reveals a critical role for the MLF2–p53 axis in promoting colorectal carcinogenesis.
Incorporating Potassium Citrate to Improve the Performance of Tin‐Lead Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Lei , Li Chongwen , Xian Yeming , Fu Sheng , Abudulimu Abasi , Li Deng‐Bing , Friedl Jared D. , Li You , Neupane Sabin , Tumusange Marie Solange , Sun Nannan , Wang Xiaoming , Ellingson Randy J. , Heben Michael J. , Podraza Nikolas J. , Song Zhaoning , Yan Yanfa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEasy‐to‐form tin vacancies at the buried interface of tin‐lead perovskites hinder the performance of low‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a synergistic strategy by incorporating potassium citrate (PC) into the poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole‐transport layer to passivate the buried interface of Sn‐Pb PSCs is reported. PC neutralizes the acidity of PEDOT:PSS and stabilizes the perovskite front surface, enhancing device stability. Citrate moieties coordinate with Sn2+ on the buried perovskite surface, preventing Sn2+ oxidation and suppressing defect formation. Additionally, potassium cations incorporate into Sn‐Pb perovskites, enhancing crystallinity and passivating halide defects. The combined benefits enable efficient low‐bandgap Sn‐Pb PSCs with a power conversion efficiency of 22.7% and a high open‐circuit voltage of 0.894 V. Using this method, 26.1% efficiency for all‐perovskite tandem solar cells is demonstrated. These results emphasize the significance of buried interface passivation in developing efficient and stable Sn‐Pb PSCs and all‐perovskite tandem solar cells.
Temporal patterns of the burden of Alzheimer's disease and their association with Sociodemographic Index in countries with varying rates of aging 1990–2019
Authors: Ramadan Majed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo we examine the temporal patterns of the burden of Alzheimer's disease and their association with Sociodemographic Index in countries with varying rates of aging.MethodData were obtained from Global Burden of Diseases studies (GBD) 2019 and were used to compare countries with different rates of change in aging population from 1990 to 2019. We collected the data of the age‐standardized rates per 100,000 of disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), incidence, prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, and the age‐specific population rates per 100,000.ResultsCountries with high rates of change in their aging populations had an increase in DALYs, incidence, and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias over the last 30 years. Countries with a high rate of change in aging population had a significantly positive association among DALYs, incidence, and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. In contrast, countries with a medium and low rate of change in aging population had negative associations between DALYs and incidence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.ConclusionThis study highlights the significant impact of demographic changes on the burden, prevalence, and incidence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementia. The study also found that robust health care and social systems, as reflected by a higher Sociodemographic Index, can contribute to reducing the burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in medium to low rates of aging populations. The findings underscore the importance of investing in health care and social systems to address the growing burden of these conditions, especially in countries with a high rate of change in the aging population.
Ryssia Wolfsohn's 1907 dissertation on “the heredity of dementia praecox”
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. , Klee Astrid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the 19th century, psychiatric genetic studies typically utilized a generic category of “insanity.” This began to change after 1899, with the publication of Kraepelin's 6th edition containing, among other disorders, his mature concept of dementia praecox (DP). We here review an article published by Ryssia Wolfsohn in 1907 from her dissertation at the University of Zurich entitled “Die Heredität bei Dementia praecox” (The Heredity of Dementia Praecox). This work, performed under the supervision of E. Bleuler, was to our knowledge the first formal genetic study of the then new diagnosis of DP. She investigated 550 DP probands admitted to the Burghölzli hospital with known information about their “heredity burden.” For most probands, she had information on parents, siblings, grandparents, and aunts/uncles. Of these patients, only 10% had no psychiatric illness in their families. In the remaining probands, she found rates of the four major categories of psychopathology she investigated: mental illness—56%, nervous disorders—19%, peculiar personalities 12% and alcoholism 13%. Her most novel analyses compared either total familial burden or burden of her four forms of mental disorders on her DP probands divided by subtype and outcome. In neither of these analyses, did she find significant differences.
Associations of dietary cholesterol and fat, blood lipids, and risk for dementia in older women vary by APOE genotype
Authors: Dunk Michelle M. , Li Jie , Liu Simin , Casanova Ramon , Chen Jiu‐Chiuan , Espeland Mark A. , Hayden Kathleen M. , Manson JoAnn E. , Rapp Stephen R. , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Snetselaar Linda G. , Van Horn Linda , Wild Robert , Driscoll Ira 
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWhether apolipoprotein E's (APOE’s) involvement in lipid metabolism contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk remains unknown.METHODSIncident probable dementia and cognitive impairment (probable dementia+mild cognitive impairment) were analyzed in relation to baseline serum lipids (total, low‐density lipoprotein [LDL], high‐density lipoprotein [HDL], non‐HDL cholesterol, total‐to‐HDL, LDL‐to‐HDL, remnant cholesterol, and triglycerides) using Mendelian randomization in 5358 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study. We also examined associations of baseline dietary cholesterol and fat with lipids based on APOE status.RESULTSAfter an average of 11.13 years, less favorable lipid levels related to greater dementia and cognitive impairment risk. Dementia (odds ratio [OR] = 3.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.31 to 4.24) and cognitive impairment (OR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.85 to 3.06) risk were greatest in relation to higher remnant cholesterol levels. Greater cholesterol consumption related to poorer lipids in APOE4+ compared to APOE3 carriers.DISCUSSIONAPOE4+ carriers consuming more cholesterol had less favorable lipids, which were associated with greater dementia and cognitive impairment risk.Highlights
Less favorable serum lipids were associated with higher dementia incidence.
Mendelian randomization findings suggest causality between lipids and dementia.
Lipid levels in older women may be clinical indicators of dementia risk.
APOE4 carriers had poorest lipid profiles in relation to cholesterol consumption.
APOE risk for dementia may be modifiable through lipid management.
Plasma NT1‐tau and Aβ42 correlate with age and cognitive function in two large Down syndrome cohorts
Authors: Stern Andrew M. , Van Pelt Kathryn L. , Liu Lei , Anderson Amirah K. , Ostaszewski Beth , Mapstone Mark , O'Bryant Sid , Petersen Melissa E. , Christian Bradley T. , Handen Benjamin L. , Selkoe Dennis J. , Schmitt Frederick , Head Elizabeth ,   the Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium–Down Syndrome (ABC‐DS) investigators
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPeople with Down syndrome (DS) often develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we asked whether ultrasensitive plasma immunoassays for a tau N‐terminal fragment (NT1‐tau) and Aβ isoforms predict cognitive impairment.METHODSPlasma NT1‐tau, Aβ37, Aβ40, and Aβ42 levels were measured in a longitudinal discovery cohort (N = 85 participants, 220 samples) and a cross‐sectional validation cohort (N = 239). We developed linear models and predicted values in the validation cohort.RESULTSDiscovery cohort linear mixed models for NT1‐tau, Aβ42, and Aβ37:42 were significant for age; there was no main effect of time. In cross‐sectional models, NT1‐tau increased and Aβ42 decreased with age. NT1‐tau predicted cognitive and functional scores. The discovery cohort linear model for NT1‐tau predicted levels in the validation cohort.DISCUSSIONNT1‐tau correlates with age and worse cognition in DS. Further validation of NT1‐tau and other plasma biomarkers of AD neuropathology in DS cohorts is important for clinical utility.
Evaluation of the contents and ratios of five fractionated proteins to elucidate the protein composition in soybean seeds
Authors: Sugiyama Masahiro , Samoto Masahiko , Ichinose Takashi , Nakamura Akihiro , Matsumiya Kentaro , Matsumura Yasuki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSelecting suitable soybean cultivars is important for food processing and exploring their endowment with desirable physiological functions. We applied the fractionation method previously established to compare soy protein composition among cultivars to promote such a selection. More than 95% of the proteins in soybean cotyledons were extracted from 13 soybean cultivars using a high‐concentration salt solution. The extracted proteins were fractionated into five fractions, namely oil body‐associated protein (OBAP), polar lipid‐associated protein (PLAP), globulins (11S and 7S), and whey by centrifugation after tuning the solubility behavior of the proteins with various solutions. Protein species in each fraction were analyzed by SDS‐PAGE. Protein content in the total extract and five fractions was quantified to characterize the protein composition of soybean cultivars. The correlation between the protein content of each fraction and the total protein in cotyledon was investigated. A strong positive correlation was found only for the 11S fraction (r = 0.82), followed by a positive correlation in the 7S fraction (r = 0.65). Thus, we surmised that the increased protein content in soybean was due to increased globulin content. Furthermore, the calculation of the average ratio of protein content in each fraction indicated the globulin fraction (7S and 11S) to be 52%, the lipophilic protein fraction (OBAP and PLAP) to be 33%, and the whey fraction to be 13%. The preparation method employed in this study is a promising tool for efficiently comparing the protein composition of soybean cultivars to evaluate the potential use of cultivars for food production.
Topological Dirac Spin‐Gapless Materials ‐ a New Horizon for Topological Spintronics Without Spin‐Orbit Interaction
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe existence of chiral edge states (CES), corresponding to nontrivial bulk‐band topology characterized by a non‐vanishing topological invariant, and the manipulation of topological transport via CES promise topological electronic/spintronic device applications. This study predicts the existence, practical realization, topological protection, and topological switching of spin‐gapless valley‐filtered chiral edge states (SG‐VF‐CES), representing a novel topological Dirac spin‐gapless/half‐metal phase in antiferromagnetic honeycomb structures terminated on zigzag edges. It demonstrates that this phenomenon is realizable if a perpendicular (transverse) electric field is applied in zigzag nanoribbons with an antiferromagnetic ordering on the boundary (in the bulk), and the Weber‐Fechner type nonlinear behavior is optimizable by a transverse (perpendicular) electric field. The existence of SG‐VF‐CES, their correspondence with nontrivial topological character in the bulk, and electric‐field‐driven switching of their spin‐polarization that is accompanied by switching of bulk‐band topology promise a new strategy for topological spintronics without spin‐orbit interaction (SOI).
The medicinal panorama of benzimidazoles and their scaffolds as anticancer and antithrombotic agents: A review
Authors: Chalkappa Prasanth Kumar Babu , Aralihalli Sudhakara , Sudileti Murali , Aithal Shubhra Jyotsna , Praveen Beekanahalli Mokshanatha , Birjadar Kedarnath 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNitrogen‐containing heterocyclic scaffolds have become a prospective pharmacophore with therapeutic importance due to their biological similarities with natural and synthetic drugs. Among all nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, benzimidazoles and their derivatives are privileged molecules structurally akin to naturally available nucleotides, enabling them to intercommunicate with numerous biopolymers in biological systems. This reason enlightens modern researchers worldwide to assess their potential significance in the context of synthetic and biological chemistry. Therefore, it is crucial to merge the latest data with the prior documentation to apprehend the ongoing situation of the benzimidazole moiety in various therapeutic zones of research. The current work displays that the benzimidazole center is a versatile nucleus that offers the necessary data of synthetic alterations for pre‐existing compounds to provide new scaffolds to resist numerous therapeutic sectors, including those associated with anticancer and antithrombosis. Due to the potential significance of benzimidazoles, this review aims to emphasize the latest innovations in synthesizing several other notable benzimidazole substrates and their significant pharmacological prospects for the future, including anticancer and antithrombosis.
Future of land surface water availability over the Mediterranean basin and North Africa: Analysis and synthesis from the CMIP6 exercise
Authors: Arjdal Khadija , Driouech Fatima , Vignon Étienne , Chéruy Frédérique , Manzanas Rodrigo , Drobinski Philippe , Chehbouni Abdelghani , Idelkadi Abderrahmane 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Mediterranean basin and Northern Africa are projected to be among the most vulnerable areas to climate change. This research documents, analyzes, and synthesizes the projected changes in precipitation P, evapotranspiration E, net water supply from the atmosphere to the surface P–E, and surface soil moisture over these regions as simulated by 17 global climate models from the sixth exercise of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, SSP2‐4.5, and SSP5‐8.5. It also explores the sensitivity of the results to the chosen climate scenario and model resolution and assesses how the projections have evolved from the fifth exercise (CMIP5). Models project a statistically robust drying over the entire Mediterranean and coastal North Africa. Over the Northern Mediterranean sector, a significant precipitation decrease reaching −0.4 ∓ 0.1 mm  is projected during the 21st century under the SSP5‐8.5 scenario. Conversely, a significant increase in precipitation of +0.05 to 0.3 ∓ 0.1 mm day−1 is projected over South‐Eastern Sahara under the same scenario. Evapotranspiration and soil moisture exhibit decreasing trends over the Mediterranean basin and an increase over the Sahara for both SSPs, with a notable acceleration from the 2020s. As a result, P‐E is projected to decrease at a rate of about −0.3 mm day−1 under the high‐end scenario SSP5‐8.5 over the Mediterranean whilst no significant changes are expected over the Sahara due to evapotranspiration compensation effects. CMIP6 and CMIP5 models project qualitatively similar patterns of changes but CMIP6 models exhibit more intense changes over the Mediterranean basin and South‐Eastern Sahara, especially during winter.