bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Microgrippers: A Survey and Analysis
Authors: Pasaguayo Liseth V. , Al Masry Zeina , Lescano Sergio , Zerhouni Noureddine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This review article provides an overview of some challenges that arise when developing new medical robotic microgrippers. The main challenges are due to miniaturization and are present in the manufacturing and assembly processes, the types of mechanisms, the biomaterials used, the actuation principles, and the compliance with some standards and regulations. The main medical fields where these microgrippers are used are in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and biomedical applications. Therefore, taking these two large groups into account, this review presents a microgrippers classification according to the type of mechanism used (traditional rigid-body mechanisms and complaint mechanisms). Moreover, parameters such as applications, functionalities, degrees-of-freedom (DOF), sizes, range of motion, biomaterial used, and proposed methods are highlighted. The analysis of 27 microgrippers among commercial and developed by research institutes is presented.
Investigation of Constraint Effect and Fracture Mode for Mixed Mode Inclination Surface Crack in Infinite Plate Under Compression
Authors: Pei Qi , Jin Li-Zhu , Zhou Chang-Yu , He Xiao-Hua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The stress field, constraint effect, and fracture mode transition at crack tip of mixed mode I-II-III inclination surface crack under compression have been investigated. The effects of geometrical configurations (relative crack depth and aspect ratio), friction coefficient, and biaxial scale factor on stress intensity factor (KII and KIII) and in-plane constraint parameter T-stress are quantitatively studied, the stress field at different crack inclination angles under tension and compression are compared, the failure mode at special locations along crack front of inclination surface crack is analyzed according to the generalized maximum tangential stress criterion (GMTS). The relative crack depth has slight effect on stress intensity factor and T-stress, and aspect ratio has a significant effect on stress intensity factor and T-stress. The friction coefficient decreases the magnitude of stress intensity factor and increases the magnitude of T-stress, the greater the crack inclination angle is, the more pronounced the effect is when crack inclination angle greater than 30 deg. The stress distribution around crack tip under tension and compression is completely different. At free surface, the crack will failure in-plane shear mode II sliding crack, and at the deepest part of crack, the crack will start as out-plane shear mode III tearing crack under compression.
Using Code Adequacy Methodologies in Confomance with ASME Standards for Nuclear Power Plant Analysis Evaluation Models
Authors: Schultz Richard R. , Mesina George L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The development of the systems analysis codes in use today was a very challenging task, stemming from the interplay of multiple physical phenomena, special components and control systems, and particularly the wide thermodynamic state envelope for a typical design basis accident scenario that includes single and two-phase behavior of the water working fluid within both the reactor vessel and the steam generator for the indirect cycle pressurized water reactor systems and also for the direct cycle boiling water reactor systems. The major developmental work leading to the current systems analysis codes was performed between the 1970s through the 1990s—and today these analysis tools are used throughout the world by organizations that design, submit their designs for licensing reviews, build, and operate light water reactor nuclear power plants.
Differences in form of the discretized equations and closure relationships used within the systems analysis codes versus those in higher-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes lead to correspondingly different techniques to verify and validate (V&V) the equations in these two classes of codes. Systems analysis codes use a fundamental approach which has been developed over the years and which has been approved by the regulatory agencies whereas the CFD codes use high-fidelity V&V techniques as described in the ASME V&V standards for computational fluid mechanics and heat transfer codes.
Because of the wide usage of high-fidelity CFD codes together with systems analysis codes, it is advisable to normalize the techniques for verifying, validating, and performing code adequacy assessments of these tools within the methodology that is presently available in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s Regulatory Guide 1.203.
A strategy to begin closing the gap between the fundamental approach used to V&V systems analysis codes and the high-fidelity techniques used for modern CFD codes is outlined. It is postulated that the gap can be closed to the extent that some of the “high-fidelity” techniques may be used for systems analysis codes and thus enhance the quality of the code adequacy determination process for systems analysis codes.
Behavioral Determinants of Physical Activity Among Secondary School Students Aged 14–15 Years in Cambodia
Authors: Konharn Kurusart , Po Suvannetra , Karawa Jirachai , Sangpara Paramaporn , Johnson Lee David 
Published: July 2023

Background: There is little known about physical activity (PA) behaviors and its determinants in Cambodian adolescents, particularly with regard to the home and school settings. Therefore, we aimed to investigate these behaviors and determinants on their PA. Methods: The samples collected were from 168 high school students, aged 14–15 years. They were requested to complete the self-report PA questionnaire. Time spent in PA during weekday and weekend by school location and gender, and determinants on PA were analyzed. Differences in the mean values of the PA levels (in minutes) during weekday and the weekend between genders, and between school locations were analyzed using independent sample t tests. The percentage of students’ perceptions on the determinants were calculated. Chi-squared test was used to compare the differences in prevalence of students’ activities during their free time with respect to school location and gender. Results: The majority of the parents (86.9%–98.2%) demonstrated strong support for their children for academic work. Rural students spent an average time of moderate-to-vigorous PA greater than their counterparts from the urban areas during their weekend days (329.1 vs 239.2 min, respectively). Moderate to vigorous PA was likely to be higher during the weekends compared with weekdays among the boys (387.9 vs 361.4 min, respectively). Girls were more likely to spend their time on moderate to vigorous PA during the weekdays compared with the weekends (205.4 vs 180.5 min, respectively). Conclusion: Consideration should be given to gender, school location, free time, and the environmental setting for the contextualization of more effective PA interventions with Cambodian youths.
Safety and feasibility of platelet transfusion through long catheters in the neonatal intensive care unit: an in vitro study
Authors: Moore Carmel Maria , Lorusso Alice , Morgan Liam , Brazil Sinead , Croxon Harry , Waters Allison , Farrelly Aileen , Hervig Tor , Curley Anna 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the safety and feasibility of platelet transfusion through small-bore long lines used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), including double-lumen umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) and 24 G and 28 G peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs).DesignProspective in vitro controlled study.SettingBlood transfusion service laboratory.MethodsIn vitro platelet transfusions were set up as per NICU practice. Transfusion line pressure was monitored. Post-transfusion swirling, presence of aggregates, pH analysis and automated cell count in vitro activation response by flow cytometry assessing CD62P expression were assessed.Main outcome measuresAll transfusions completed successfully. The rate of infusion was reduced in 5 of 16 transfusions through 28 G lines due to ‘pressure high’ alarms. There was no difference in swirling values or transfusion aggregate formation, CD62P expression levels, platelet count, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit or platelet to large cell ratio across transfusions post-transfusion.ConclusionsThis study showed that in vitro platelet transfusion performed through 24 G and 28 G neonatal PICC lines and double-lumen UVCs is non-inferior to 24 G short cannulas, using outcome measures of platelet clumping, platelet activation and line occlusion. This suggests that where available these lines can be used if necessary for platelet transfusion.
Management of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Al-Aidarous Sayed , Protonotarios Alexandros , Elliott Perry M , Lambiase Pier D 
Published: July 2023

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a disease characterised by fibrofatty replacement of the ventricular myocardium due to specific mutations, leading to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Treating this condition can be challenging due to progressive fibrosis, phenotypic variations and small patient cohorts limiting the feasibility of conducting meaningful clinical trials. Although widely used, the evidence base for anti-arrhythmic drugs is limited. Beta-blockers are theoretically sound, yet their efficacy in reducing arrhythmic risk is not robust. Additionally, the impact of sotalol and amiodarone is inconsistent with studies reporting contradictory results. Emerging evidence suggests that combining flecainide and bisoprolol may be efficacious.Radiofrequency ablation has shown some potential in disrupting ventricular tachycardia circuits, with combined endo and epicardial ablation yielding better results which could be considered at the index procedure. In addition, stereotactic radiotherapy may be a future option that can decrease arrhythmias beyond simple scar formation by altering levels of Nav1.5 channels, Connexin 43 and Wnt signalling, potentially modifying myocardial fibrosis.Future therapies, such as adenoviruses and GSk3b modulation, are still in early-stage research. While implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation is a key intervention for reducing arrhythmic death, the risks of inappropriate shocks and device complications must be carefully considered.
Rate control in atrial fibrillation, calcium channel blockers versus beta-blockers
Authors: Koldenhof Tim , Van Gelder Isabelle C , Crijns Harry JGM , Rienstra Michiel , Tieleman Robert G 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate heart rate differences between non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers in patients with non-permanent atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsUsing data from ‘A Comparison of Rate Control and Rhythm Control in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation’ (AFFIRM), where patients were randomised 1:1 rate or rhythm control, we compared the effect of rate control drugs on heart rate during AF as well as during sinus rhythm. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for baseline characteristics.ResultsA total of 4060 patients were enrolled in the AFFIRM trial, mean age was 70±9 years, 39% were women. Out of the total, 1112 patients were in sinus rhythm at baseline and used either non-dihydropyridine channel blockers or beta-blockers. Of them, 474 had AF during follow-up while remaining on the same rate control drugs, 218 (46%) on calcium channel blockers and 256 (54%) on beta-blockers. Mean age of calcium channel blocker patients was 70±8 years and 68±8 for beta-blocker patients (p=0.003), 42% were women. A resting heart rate <110 beats per min during AF was achieved in 92% of patients using calcium channel blockers and 92% of patients using beta-blockers (p=1.00). Bradycardia during sinus rhythm occurred in 17% of patients using calcium channel blockers vs 32% using beta-blockers (p<0.001). After adjusting for patient characteristics, calcium channel blockers were associated with a reduction in bradycardia during sinus rhythm (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.90).ConclusionIn patients with non-permanent AF, calcium channel blockers instituted for rate control were associated with less bradycardia during sinus rhythm compared with beta-blockers.
Ketamine subcutaneous continuous infusion for non-cancer neuropathic pain at home: a case report
Authors: Julião Miguel , Ulrich João , Calaveiras Patrícia , Costa Elisabeth , Lucas Isabel , Faria de Sousa Paulo 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveKetamine is a drug that can effectively treat neuropathic pain by blocking the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. It has been studied as a supplement to opioids for cancer pain, but its effectiveness for non-cancer pain is still limited. However, despite its usefulness in managing refractory pain, ketamine is not commonly used for home-based palliative care.MethodsA case report of a patient with severe central neuropathic pain who was treated with a subcutaneous continuous infusion of morphine and ketamine at home.ResultsThe introduction of ketamine in the patient’s treatment plan effectively controlled pain. Only one possible ketamine side effect was observed and easily treated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures.ConclusionsWe have found success in using subcutaneous continuous infusion of morphine and ketamine to alleviate severe neuropathic pain in a home setting. We also observed a positive impact on the patient’s family members' personal, emotional and relational well-being after ketamine was introduced.
Organisation of the AGATA collaboration and physics campaigns
Authors: Clément E. , Bracco A. , Gadea A. , Simpson J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe AGATA spectrometer has a well-established organisational and management structure for its construction and operation. The roles and responsibilities of each of the management committees and their interaction, as well as the scientific organisation is described in this contribution. The organisation of the present campaign, which aims to realise the 4$$\pi $$
π
spectrometer, is presented. General comments on the previous physics campaigns at LNL (2010–2011), GSI (2012–2014) and GANIL (2015–2021) are made.
Novel model for particle emission in small collision systems
Authors: Mihaylov Dimitar , González González Jaime 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCollider experiments provide an opportunity to produce particles at close distances and momenta. The measured correlation functions between particles can provide information on both the effective emission source and the interaction potential. In recent years, experiments at the LHC have shown that precision studies of the strong interaction are possible using correlation techniques, provided a good handle on the source function. The current work presents a new numerical framework called Common Emission in CATS (CECA), capable of simulating the effective emission source of an N-body system based on the properties of the single particles. The framework differentiates between primordial particle emission and particle production through resonances, allowing to verify the hypothesis proposed by the ALICE Collaboration that a common baryon–baryon emission source is present in small collision systems. The new framework is used to analyze ALICE data on $$\text{ pp }$$

pp

and $$\text{ p }\Lambda $$

p

Λ

correlations and compare the results to previous studies based on the common emission source scenario. It is demonstrated that the best fit to the $$\text{ p }\Lambda $$

p

Λ

correlation data is obtained using a scattering length of $$1.15\pm 0.07$$

1.15
±
0.07

fm in the S = 1 channel. The new CECA framework provides an essential tool for precision studies in two-body systems and a consistent description of the source function in many-body systems.
Correction to Lagrangian for bouncing cosmologies in f(Q) gravity
Authors: Gadbail Gaurav N. , Kolhatkar Ameya , Mandal Sanjay , Sahoo P. K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSymmetric teleparallel gravity offers to reformulate the gravitational formalism without the presence of curvature and torsion with the help of non-metricity tensors. Interestingly, Symmetric teleparallel gravity can be formulated equivalently to teleparallel gravity or general relativity for an appropriate setup. In this study, our aim lies in exploring the bouncing cosmologies as an alternative to the initial singularity of the Universe in the background of modified symmetric teleparallel gravity. To explore this, we adopt the reconstruction technique to present the possible reconstructed Lagrangian for various cosmological bouncing solutions in a flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker spacetime with a perfect fluid matter distribution. We study the reconstructed gravitational Lagrangians, which are capable of reproducing analytical or semianalytical solutions for symmetric bounce, super-bounce, oscillatory bounce, matter bounce, and exponential bouncing model settings. Further, we examine the dark energy profiles of the models using reconstructed Lagrangians. In addition, we found that an additional term arises in each reconstructed Lagrangian compared to general relativity (GR). That extra term corrected the background GR to present bouncing cosmology in modified gravity. These newly motivated cosmological models may have an effect on gravitational phenomena at other cosmological scales.
Sources of the Value Premium
Authors: Chinloy Peter , Imes Matthew , Liu Wendy 
Published: July 2023

The book-to-market ratio’s numerator adds assets and liabilities differing in risk. We propose a test for the value premium and its sources. Individual balance sheet holdings are divided by firm size. When associated risk premium coefficients are equal, an overall book-to-market is appropriate. Otherwise, there are different risks in assets and liabilities. For U.S. firms, for four decades since 1980, the excess return is regressed on seven ratios relative to size for cash, receivables, tangibles, intangibles, payables, short and long-term debt, and controls. The seven value premiums are not equal. Firms earn higher returns for cash and receivables and lower for short-term debt. Tangible and intangible assets earn no value premium.
Late Triassic–Early Jurassic continental vertebrates and their environmental context from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, NW China
Authors: Olsen Paul Eric , Sha Jingeng , Fang Yanan , Chang Clara , Sues Hans-Dieter , Slibeck Bennett B. , Qiang Fu , Yu Congyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Vertebrate assemblages from the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, China, are the only ones known from palaeo-Arctic continental strata of Late Triassic and Early Jurassic age. Here we present a preliminary description of these new assemblages, focusing on the underappreciated Arctic palaeolatitude and winter freezing of this coal-bearing sequence. Mostly collected during NIGPAS-led stratigraphic studies in the 2016–17 field seasons, new assemblages include: (1) small to large sculptured palaeonisciform cranial elements and scales, small associated palaeonisciforms, a sauropterygian tooth, large-dinosaur bioturbation and additional unidentified small vertebrate bones from the Haojiagou Formation (?upper Norian–Rhaetian); (2) a medium-sized brontozoid dinosaur footprint and a previously described possible
Anomoepus
track from the Badaowan Formation (Hettangian–?Pliensbachian); and (3) a hybodont shark egg case of the form taxon
Palaeoxyris
(only the third reported from Early Jurassic age strata of China), numerous associated and fragmentary small palaeonisciform remains (including one partial skull and several small skeletons), and another possible
Anomoepus
track and associated dinoturbation from the Sangonghe Formation (?Pliensbachian–Toarcian). A possible ash associated with the aforementioned lower Sangonghe fish skull has produced a laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry age of roughly 186 Ma, consistent with a Pliensbachian age. We are optimistic that there will be many additional discoveries from early Mesozoic age strata of the Junggar Basin, the importance of which for understanding Earth system processes cannot be overemphasized.
The Contribution of Selected Linguistic Markers for Unsupervised Arabic Verb Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Djaidri Asma , Aliane Hassina , Azzoune Hamid 
Published: July 2023

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is the task of automatically determining the meaning of a polysemous word in a specific context. Word sense induction is the unsupervised clustering of word usages in a different context to distinguish senses and perform unsupervised WSD. Most studies consider function words as stop words and delete them in the pre-processing step. However, function words can encode meaningful information that can help to improve the performance of WSD approaches. We propose in this work a novel approach to solve Arabic verb sense disambiguation that is based on a preposition-based classification that is used in an automatic word sense induction step to build sense inventories to disambiguate Arabic verbs.
However, in the wake of the success of neural language models, recent works obtained encouraging results using BERT pre-trained models for English-language WSD approaches. Hence, we use contextualized word embeddings for an unsupervised Arabic WSD that is based on linguistic markers and uses sentence-BERT Transformer pre-trained models, which yields encouraging results that outperform other existing unsupervised neural AWSD approaches.
Intraperitoneal Paclitaxel Is a Safe and Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Treating Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ito Ichiaki , Yousef Abdelrahman M.G. , Chowdhury Saikat , Dickson Princess N. , Naini Zahra A. , White Michael G. , Fleten Karianne G. , Flatmark Kjersti , Fournier Keith F. , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Shen John Paul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Appendiceal adenocarcinomas (AA) are a rare and heterogeneous mix of tumors for which few preclinical models exist. The rarity of AA has made performing prospective clinical trials difficult, which has partly contributed to AA remaining an orphan disease with no chemotherapeutic agents approved by the FDA for its treatment. AA has a unique biology in which it frequently forms diffuse peritoneal metastases but almost never spreads via a hematogenous route and rarely spreads to lymphatics. Given the localization of AA to the peritoneal space, intraperitoneal delivery of chemotherapy could be an effective treatment strategy. Here, we tested the efficacy of paclitaxel given by intraperitoneal administration using three orthotopic patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of AA established in immunodeficient NSG mice. Weekly intraperitoneal paclitaxel treatment dramatically reduced AA tumor growth in all three PDX models. Comparing the safety and efficacy of intravenous with intraperitoneal administration, intraperitoneal delivery of paclitaxel was more effective, with reduced systemic side effects in mice. Given the established safety record of intraperitoneal paclitaxel in gastric and ovarian cancers, and lack of effective chemotherapeutics for AA, these data showing the activity of intraperitoneal paclitaxel in orthotopic PDX models of mucinous AA support the evaluation of intraperitoneal paclitaxel in a prospective clinical trial.

Significance:
The activity and safety of intraperitoneal paclitaxel in orthotopic PDX models of mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma supports the evaluation of intraperitoneal paclitaxel in a prospective clinical trial of this rare tumor type.