bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Bio-fertilizers on Yield and Its Attributing Traits on Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.)
Authors: Singh Abhinav , Singh Devi , Wesley C. John 
Published: August 2023

The present investigation entitled Effect of Bio-Fertilizers on Yield and Its Attributing Traits on Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) was carried out during October, 2022 to April 2023 at Horticultural Research Field, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences. It was concluded that the application of bio fertilizer treatments rendered their significant effect on almost all the growth, developmental as well as yield characters of fennel. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with nine treatments in three replications as follows- T0- RDF(50:10:10 kg /ha),T1-90 % N + Azospirillum (5kg/ha), T2- 90 % N + Azotobacter (5kg/ha), T3- 90 % P + PSB(5kg/ha), T4 -90 % N + 90 % P + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB(5kg/ha),T5- 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + PSB(5kg/ha), T6 -90 % N + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + Azotobacter (5kg/ha), T7 - 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB (5kg/ha),T8 - 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (2.5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (2.5kg/ha) + PSB (2.5kg/ha).The treatment T7, i.e. 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB (5kg/ha) application was found superior in terms of plant height (203.47cm), number of branches (15.55), days taken for 50% flowering (105.33 days),days taken for maturity (159.68 days), number of umbels per plant (14.61), number of umbelletes per umbel (23.16), number of seeds per umbelletes (33.90), seed yield per plant (30.80 g/plant), seed yield per hectare (2.41 t/ha) and test weight (7.17 g). Among the different treatments the highest gross return (Rs/ha) (3,61,500), net return (Rs/ha) (2,42,04.7), benefit: cost ratio (3.02) was also obtained from treatment (T7), that is, 90 % N + 90 % P + Azotobacter (5kg/ha) + Azospirillum (5kg/ha) + PSB (5kg/ha).
Management of Anterior Single Tooth Crossbite Using Removable Posterior Teeth Bite Plane Along With Z-Spring: A Case Report
Authors: Gahlod Niharika 
Published: August 2023

Anterior crossbite is defined as a malocclusion characterized by the anterior maxillary teeth lingual position compared to mandibular anterior teeth. The prevalence of anterior crossbite that has been reported in the mixed dentition stage varies between 1.6 percent and 7.9 percent. Anterior crossbite cases should be treated by emergency intervention in the early period to prevent the consequences of malaligned teeth and their effect on the normal overall growth and development of the child. Patient compliance in such type of treatment intervention is of utmost importance. This case report presents the correction of single tooth crossbite with the removable posterior bite plane along with Z-spring. Various other treatment modalities have been also proposed to correct an anterior dental crossbite, such as tongue blades, reversed stainless steel crowns, fixed acrylic planes, bonded resin-composite slopes, and removable acrylic appliances incorporating finger springs. This treatment modality is possible in the early stages of developing malocclusion. Children with untreated anterior crossbite could develop complications such as gingiva recession, TMJ dysfunction, and worsening of mandibular displacement. As self-correction is rare in these alterations, early interception is recommended to allow normal occlusion and facial development.
Cost‐Effective High Entropy Core–Shell Fiber for Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction at 2 A cm−2
Authors: Cui Yi‐Fan , Jiang Si‐Da , Fu Qiang , Wang Ran , Xu Ping , Sui Yu , Wang Xian‐Jie , Ning Zhi‐Liang , Sun Jian‐Fei , Sun Xun , Nikiforov Alexander , Song Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExploring highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is important for industrial water electrolysis, especially under high current densities (>1 A cm−2). High‐entropy alloy (HEA) with high surface OER activity and excellent electrical conductivity of the core is an ideal route to improve the catalytic activity. Herein, a combined theoretical and experimental approach to establish core–shell FeCoNiMoAl‐based HEA as a promising OER electrocatalyst is presented. Theoretical calculations combined with structure analyses indicate crystalline–amorphous (c–a) heterostructure of shell reduces the electron transfer resistance and generates more active sites, furthermore the crystalline core improves the conductivity and self‐supporting ability. HEA electrodes demonstrate superior OER performance with an overpotential (η) of 470 mV at 2 A cm−2 and no apparent degradation even after 330 h of continuous testing, notably, for overall water splitting the stability is more than 120 h at 2.06 V. The special core–shell structure achieves a win–win strategy for high OER activity and stability. These findings shed light on the structural design of HEA electrocatalysts and present a promising route to achieve highly efficient electrocatalysts for industrial water electrolysis and relevant energy conversion processes.
Synthesis of Aza‐Heterocyclic Compounds with N‐Tosylhydrazones: Formation of Bi‐Indoles via Reductive Molybdenum Catalysis
Authors: Liu Xinya , Provot Olivier , Franco Remi , Retailleau Pascal , Alami Mouad , Gandon Vincent , Tran Christine , Hamze Abdallah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, we present a methodology for synthesizing aza‐heterocyclic compounds using N‐tosylhydrazones as key reagents. Our primary objective was to obtain six or seven‐membered ring heterocycles; however, we unexpectedly observed the formation of bi‐indole compounds in high yields. Furthermore, our synthetic pathway enables modifications at the C3 or C2 position of the indole, leading to the formation of the respective 3′‐phenyl‐2′‐biindole or carbazole derivatives.
Defect‐Free Few‐Layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXene Nanosheets: Synthesis, Characterization, and Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Huang Yanan , Shen Jibing , Lin Shuai , Song Wenhai , Zhu Xuebin , Sun Yuping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh‐quality few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes are very important for applications and are necessary for clarifying their physicochemical properties. However, the difficulty in etching for themselves and the existence of MC/MC1−δ and M‐Al alloy impurities in their M4AlC3 precursors seriously hinder the achievement of defect‐free few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes nanosheets. Herein, three different defect‐free few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanosheets are obtained by using a universal synthesis strategy of calcination, selective etching, intercalation, and exfoliation. Comprehensive characterizations confirm their defect‐free few‐layer structure feature, large interlayer spacing (1.702–1.955 nm), types of functional groups (–OH, –F, –O), and abundant valance states (M5+, M4+, M3+, M2+, M0). M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) free‐standing films obtained by vacuum filtration of few‐layer M4C3Tx inks show good hydrophilia, high thermostability, and conductivity. A roadmap on synthesis of defect‐free few‐layer M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) nanosheets are proposed and three key points are summarized. This work provides detailed guidelines for the synthesis of other defect‐free few‐layer MXenes nanosheets, but also will stimulate extensive functional explorations for M4C3Tx (M = V, Nb, Ta) MXenes nanosheets in the future.
Rank‐based data synthesis of heterogeneous trials to identify the effects of climatic factors on the reaction of Musa genotypes to black leaf streak disease
Authors: Brown David , de Bruin Sytze , de Sousa Kauê , Abadie Catherine , Carpentier Sebastien , Machida Lewis , van Etten Jacob 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSynthesis of crop trial data can generate insights that are not available from the analysis of individual studies, but such synthesis is often constrained by the heterogeneity of data among studies. Rank‐based data synthesis provides the flexibility to combine data of heterogeneous types and from different sources. We demonstrate the application of rank‐based data synthesis of heterogeneous trial data to assess the effect of climatic factors on the reaction of several Musa genotypes to black leaf streak disease (BLSD; caused by Pseudocercospora fijiensis [sexual morph: Mycosphaerella fijiensis]). We aggregated data from the main public repositories of Musa trial data. We applied model‐based recursive partitioning with the Plackett–Luce model, using climatic data as covariates. The model identified the maximum length of the dry spell as the main variable influencing differences in genotypic response to BLSD, dividing the aggregated trial dataset into humid and dry environments. We found differences in the reaction of genotypes to BLSD between these environments. In humid environments, NARITA 8 was found to be the most resistant genotype, while in dry environments FHIA‐01 was the best performing improved genotype. We also assessed reliability, which is the probability of outperforming the reference genotype (Calcutta 4). In humid environments, NARITA 2, NARITA 8, and FHIA‐01 had the highest reliability, while in dry environments only the landrace Saba surpassed 50% reliability. The information generated by our data synthesis approach supports selecting Musa genotypes for further evaluations at new locations.
Chemical Synthesis with Gaseous Molecular Ions: Harvesting [B12Br11N2]− from a Mass Spectrometer
Authors: Rohdenburg Markus , Warneke Ziyan , Knorke Harald , Icker Maik , Warneke Jonas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMass spectrometry frequently reveals the existence of transient gas phase ions that have not been synthesized in solution or in bulk. These elusive ions are, therefore, often considered to be primarily of analytical value in fundamental gas phase studies. Here, we provide proof‐of‐concept that the products of ion‐molecule reactions in mass spectrometers may be collected on surfaces to generate condensed matter and thus serve as building blocks to synthesize new compounds. The highly reactive fragment anion [B12Br11]− was generated in a mass spectrometer and converted to [B12Br11N2]− in the presence of molecular nitrogen followed by its mass‐selection and soft‐landing on surfaces. The molecular structure of [B12Br11N2]−, which has not been synthetically obtained before, was confirmed by conventional methods of molecular analysis, including nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. The [B12Br11N2]− ion is stable on surfaces and in solution at room temperature, but thermal annealing induces elimination of N2 and provides access to the highly reactive intermediate [B12Br11]− in the condensed phase, which can be further used as a reagent, for example, for electrophilic aromatic substitutions. Thus, isolation of [B12Br11N2]− expands the repertoire of the available diazo ions that can be employed as versatile intermediates in various chemical transformations.
Perspectives on lung visualization: Three‐dimensional anatomical modeling of computed and micro‐computed tomographic data in comparative evolutionary morphology and medicine with applications for COVID‐19
Authors: Schachner Emma R. , Lawson Adam B. , Martinez Aracely , Grand Pre Clinton A. , Sabottke Carl , Abou‐Issa Farid , Echols Scott , Diaz Raul E. , Moore Andrew J. , Grenier John‐Paul , Hedrick Brandon P. , Spieler Bradley 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe vertebrate respiratory system is challenging to study. The complex relationship between the lungs and adjacent tissues, the vast structural diversity of the respiratory system both within individuals and between taxa, its mobility (or immobility) and distensibility, and the difficulty of quantifying and visualizing functionally important internal negative spaces have all impeded descriptive, functional, and comparative research. As a result, there is a relative paucity of three‐dimensional anatomical information on this organ system in all vertebrate groups (including humans) relative to other regions of the body. We present some of the challenges associated with evaluating and visualizing the vertebrate respiratory system using computed and micro‐computed tomography and its subsequent digital segmentation. We discuss common mistakes to avoid when imaging deceased and live specimens and various methods for merging manual and threshold‐based segmentation approaches to visualize pulmonary tissues across a broad range of vertebrate taxa, with a particular focus on sauropsids (reptiles and birds). We also address some of the recent work in comparative evolutionary morphology and medicine that have used these techniques to visualize respiratory tissues. Finally, we provide a clinical study on COVID‐19 in humans in which we apply modeling methods to visualize and quantify pulmonary infection in the lungs of human patients.
May the force be with you: Nuclear condensates function beyond transcription control
Authors: Negri Maria Luce , D'Annunzio Sarah , Vitali Giulia , Zippo Alessio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, research has revealed biomolecular condensates' relevance in diverse cellular functions. Through a phase separation process, they concentrate macromolecules in subcompartments shaping the cellular organization and physiology. In the nucleus, biomolecular condensates assemble relevant biomolecules that orchestrate gene expression. We here hypothesize that chromatin condensates can also modulate the nongenetic functions of the genome, including the nuclear mechanical properties. The importance of chromatin condensates is supported by the genetic evidence indicating that mutations in their members are causative of a group of rare Mendelian diseases named chromatinopathies (CPs). Despite a broad spectrum of clinical features and the perturbations of the epigenetic machinery characterizing the CPs, recent findings highlighted negligible changes in gene expression. These data argue in favor of possible noncanonical functions of chromatin condensates in regulating the genome's spatial organization and, consequently, the nuclear mechanics. In this review, we discuss how condensates may impact nuclear mechanical properties, thus affecting the cellular response to mechanical cues and, eventually, cell fate and identity.Chromatin condensates organize macromolecules in the nucleus orchestrating the transcription regulation and mutations in their members are responsible for rare diseases named chromatinopathies. We argue that chromatin condensates, in concert with the nuclear lamina, may also govern the nuclear mechanical properties affecting the cellular response to external cues.
Hantzsch Ester Modified Asymmetric BODIPY Probe with Ultra‐high Sensitivity for Ultra‐fast Detection of Endogenous Hypochlorite in Living Cells
Authors: Zhu Tianli , Zhao Mengting , Wang Rongcheng , Dong Chenjun , Dong Xuemei , Sun Jie , Sun Lixin , Zhao Chunchang 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive SummaryHypochlorite (ClO–) is an important reactive oxygen species produced by the immune system to fight off invading pathogens, but its over‐expression can interfere with normal physiological process and induce serious diseases. Although a variety of molecular probes have been reported for detecting ClO–, the development of advanced fluorescent tools with faster response and higher sensitivity to precisely monitor ClO– remains a challenge. In this work, two Hantzsch ester (a derivative of 1,4‐dihydropyridine) derived fluorescent probes MeDHP‐BCl and MeDHP‐PhBCl were constructed based on asymmetric BODIPY‐matrix. These probes exhibit significant fluorescence turn‐on in the ultra‐sensitive (detection limit < 1 nmol/L) and ultra‐fast response (≤ 5 s) to ClO–. The reaction has been determined to be a highly selective N‐chlorination of Hantzsch ester which cannot be activated by various common bioactive species, including nitric oxide (NO) that could oxidize Hantzsch ester under aerobic physiological conditions in most reports. MeDHP‐PhBCl possessed a relatively longer fluorescence emission wavelength and higher quantum yield after activation, while more notably, MeDHP‐BCl displayed lower cytotoxicity and more remarkable fluorescence increment in the response to ClO–, enabling selective and precise visualization of endogenous ClO– over‐expression in living RAW264.7 cells.
Outcome of rare primary malignant bone sarcoma treated with multimodal therapy: Results from the EUROpean Bone Over 40 Sarcoma Study (EURO‐B.O.S.S.)
Authors: Palmerini Emanuela , Reichardt Peter , Hall Kirsten Sundby , Bertulli Rossella , Bielack Stefan S. , Comandone Alessandro , Egerer Gerlinde , Hansmeier Anna , Kevric Matthias , Carretta Elisa , Hansson Lina , Jebsen Nina , Eriksson Mikael , Bruland Øyvind S. , Donati Davide Maria , Ibrahim Toni , Smeland Sigbjørn , Ferrari Stefano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundRare primary malignant bone sarcomas (RPMBS) account for 5%–10% of primary high‐grade bone tumors and represent a major treatment challenge. The outcome of patients with RPMBS enrolled in the EUROpean Bone Over 40 Sarcoma Study (EURO‐B.O.S.S) is presented.MethodsInclusion criteria were as follows: age from 41 to 65 years and a diagnosis of high‐grade spindle cell, pleomorphic, or vascular RPMBS. The chemotherapy regimen included doxorubicin 60 mg/m2, ifosfamide 9 g/m2, and cisplatin 90 mg/m2; postoperative methotrexate 8 g/m2 was added in case of a poor histologic response. Version 2.0 of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Kaplan–Meier curves, log‐rank tests, and univariate Cox regression models were used.ResultsIn total, 113 patients were evaluable for analysis. The median patient age was 52 years (range, 40–66 years), and 67 patients were men. Eighty‐eight tumors were categorized as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS), 20 were categorized as leiomyosarcomas, three were categorized as fibrosarcomas, and two were categorized as angiosarcomas. Eighty‐three of 113 tumors were located in the extremities. Ninety‐five of 113 patients presented with no evidence of metastases. After a median follow‐up of 6.8 years (interquartile range [IQR], 3.5–9.8 years), the 5‐year overall survival rate for patients with localized disease was 68.4% (IQR, 56.9%–77.5%), and it was 71.7% (IQR, 58.1%–81.6%) for patients with UPS and 54.9% (IQR, 29.5%–74.5%) for patients with leiomyosarcoma. Grade III–IV hematologic toxicity was reported in 81% patients; 23% had grade II–III neurotoxicity, and 37.5% had grade I–II nephrotoxicity. Five‐year overall survival was significantly better for patients with localized disease, for patients who obtained surgical complete remission, and when the primary tumor was located in the extremities.ConclusionsThe survival of patients who had RPMBS in the current series was similar to that of age‐matched patients who had high‐grade osteosarcoma treated according to the same protocol. An osteosarcoma‐like chemotherapy may be proposed in patients who have RPMBS.
Multi‐Functionalization of Single crystals Mediated by Gel‐Incorporation: A Bioinspired Strategy
Authors: Yao Yuqing , Ren Jie , Li Hanying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiominerals are inherently organic‐inorganic crystal composites. Drawing inspiration from this biomineral structure, functionalized single crystals can be synthesized using the gel‐grown method, resulting in the incorporation of gel‐networks into the host crystals. By incorporating gel‐networks, diverse guest materials, such as nanoparticles and dye molecules, can be uniformly and isotropically distributed within the crystals, thereby imparting non‐intrinsic optical or magnetic properties to the host crystals. Additionally, gel‐incorporation enhances the toughness and stability of the crystals as the incorporated gel‐fibers and accompanying guest materials act as bridges to prevent crack propagation. Furthermore, gel‐incorporation enables protein crystals to exhibit self‐healing properties, which can be attributed to the dynamic bonding interaction between gel‐networks and crystals. Notably, recent research has demonstrated that the incorporation of zwitterionic gel‐networks enhances the charge effects on crystal morphology evolution as the charged groups become bound to the developing crystal surfaces, and their detachment is impeded by the interconnected gel‐networks. Therefore, preparing single crystals with gel‐incorporation is a remarkable strategy for synthesizing functionalized crystal materials.
Comparative Study of Polarization‐Dependent Conversion Efficiency of GaAs and Si Solar Cells at Oblique Incident Angles Using Surface DLAR Coating of MgF2/ZnSe
Authors: Mercy P. Arockia Michael , Wilson K. S. Joseph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this work is to minimize reflection losses in order to increase the efficiency of solar cells by using anti‐reflection coatings (ARCs). Despite extensive research on improving solar cell conversion efficiency at normal incidence, development at angle of incidence has received little attention. Thus, the reflectivity of single‐layer ARC (SLARC) MgF2 and ZnSe, double‐layer ARC (DLARC), MgF2/ZnSe on Si, and GaAs substrates at transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes of polarization in the visible and near‐IR regions for different angles of incidence is analyzed. The optical and electrical properties of Si and GaAs solar cells are analyzed by using the reflectance spectra of SLARC and DLARC at various angles of incidence for the TM and TE modes of polarization under the solar power spectrum (AM1.5). The achieved results due to the effect of DLARC are compared for Si and GaAs solar cells. From these analyses, it is concluded that MgF2/ZnSe is an appropriate DLARC for the range of wavelengths 400–800 nm at 10°–30° angles of incidence in TM mode for tuning the optical and electrical properties of Si and GaAs substrates for terrestrial applications.
Transcription factor OsDOF1 enhances cold‐stress tolerance potentially through interactions with OsICE1 and its target genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Liu Jia , Meng Qinglin , Xiang Hongtao , Shi Fengmei , Ma Ligong , Li Yichu , Yu Liangbin , Liu Chunlai , Liu Yu , Su Baohua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRice plants are generally sensitive to cold temperatures, which adversely affect their yield. Japonica rice, a major subspecies of Oryza sativa L. (Asian cultivated rice), exhibits cold tolerance. Recently, we identified that the plant‐specific transcription factor DNA binding with one finger 1 (Dof1) was associated with the cold resistance of Japonica rice. The purpose of this study was to delineate the role of the OsDof1 gene in cold‐stress tolerance and its potential molecular pathways. Two japonica rice varieties, including the cold‐resistant line LD5 and the cold‐sensitive line LJ11, were used. The protein–protein interactions were determined by yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H), tag‐based pull‐down, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. Truncated DsDOF1 protein was identified in LJ11 as a consequence of a point mutation, and OsDOF1‐T failed to be transported into the nucleus. Furthermore, OsDREB1B, OsDREB2A, OsNF‐YC, OsLEA3, OsRAB16A, OsLIP9, OsNCED3, OsABI2, OsMYBS3, and OsBS3R‐2 were differentially expressed in OsDof1‐overexpressing transgenic versus wild‐type rice lines. Notably, OsICE1 was found to be the target protein of OsDOF1, and subsequent Y2H, BiFC, and tag‐based pull‐down assays showed a direct interaction between the two proteins. In conclusion, OsDOF1 exerts a critical role in cold tolerance potentially through direct interactions with OsICE1 and its target genes in rice. These findings may help to better understand the molecular basis of rice adaptation to cold stress, and OsDof1 could be a target gene in the molecular breeding of rice for better adaptation to a cold‐climate environment, which might eventually improve the yield of rice.