bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High performance red and green phosphorescent emitters suitable for the BT.2020 color gamut
Authors: Wang Jing , Xie Menglan , Pang Huiqing , Zhang Cuifang , Sang Ming , Zhang Qi , Cai Wei , Kwong Raymond , Xia Sean 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, we investigated the potential for phosphorescent emitters to achieve the BT.2020 color standard in displays, where the CIE coordinates for red and green are (0.709, 0.292) and (0.170, 0.797), respectively. Optical simulations were performed for both green and red top emission organic light emitting devices (OLEDs). For the green emitter, it is possible to reach (0.170, 0.785) using a spectrum with a peak wavelength (λmax) at 526 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) less than 30 nm. For the red emitter, in order to achieve (0.708, 0.292) while maintaining a high current efficiency (CE), it is important to decrease the FWHM instead of red‐shifting the spectrum. Following the guidance of these simulation results, we designed and synthesized novel deep green (DGD) and deep red phosphorescent (DRD‐II) emitters. The photoluminescent (PL) spectrum of DGD shows an FWHM of 30 nm and a λmax of 523 nm. A top‐emission green OLED built using DGD reached a CE of 171 cd/A at an operating voltage of 3.3 V and a lifetime of 95% of initial brightness (LT95) > 1300 h at 10 mA/cm2 with a CIE (x, y) = (0.170, 0.777). This is, to our knowledge, the best device performance ever reported for a green phosphorescent OLED at this CIE y. The PL spectrum of DRD‐II has a λmax of 630 nm with an FWHM of 30 nm. A top‐emission red OLED built with DRD‐II achieved a CE of 59 cd/A, an operating voltage of 3.2 V and an LT95 over 20,000 h at a drive current of 10 mA/cm2 with a CIE (x, y) = (0.708, 0.292). We also studied the angular dependence of the above devices and found they were comparable to devices with commercial emitters for the Digital Cinema Initiative P3 (DCI‐P3) standard that had a wider FWHM. Combining these green and red emitters with a commercial blue OLED at (0.131, 0.046), we are able to cover 97% of the BT.2020 color gamut. The results using DGD and DRD‐II suggest that they have great potential to satisfy BT.2020 in an organic phosphorescent system.
Comparison of MRI and Endoanal Ultrasound in Assessing Intersphincteric, Transsphincteric, and Suprasphincteric Perianal Fistula
Authors: Akhoundi Neda , Bozchelouei Javad Komijani , Abrishami Alireza , Frootan Mojgan , Siami Alireza , Alimadadi Elahe , Saba Gholamreza Bagherzadeh , Rezazadeh Elmira , Amerifar Maryam , Eghdami Ebrahim 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesPerianal fistula is a common disorder characterized by an anomalous perianal track connecting two epithelialized surfaces, most commonly the anal canal and the perianal skin. Although each has its limitations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endoanal ultrasound are currently two acceptable modalities for assessing perianal fistula. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of MRI and endoanal ultrasonography in diagosing perianal fistula, considering the surgical results as the references.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was performed on patients with symptomatic perianal fistulas. MRI results of patients reported by the radiologist were collected along with the findings of endoanal ultrasonography performed by a gastroenterologist. These results were compared with surgical findings as the reference standard.ResultsThe study enrolled 126 patients. Exactly 222 definitive fistulas were identified during surgery. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of ultrasound for perianal fistula were 87.38, 38.46, 92.38, 26.31, and 82.25% respectively; and for MRI were 76.12, 57.69, 93.88, 22.05, and 74.19% respectively. The accuracy of endoanal ultrasound for detecting transsphincteric and intersphincteric fistulas was higher than MRI. In contrast, the diagnostic value of MRI for detecting suprasphincteric fistulas was higher than endoanal ultrasound.ConclusionsUsing endoanal ultrasonography to diagnose perianal fistulas is a relatively accurate method. This method may be more sensitive than MRI in detecting patients with perianal fistulas and abscesses.
All‐Organic Hyper‐Crosslinked Polymer/Polyimide Composite Films with Ultralow High‐Frequency Dielectric Constant
Authors: Sun Weikai , Yang Minhao , Peng Kun , Fu Yaqin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe ever increasing demand for high‐speed communication at high frequency promotes the rapid development of low‐dielectric polymer films. Aromatic polyimide (PI) has been widely used as the main dielectrics in the flexible circuit board due to its excellent dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties. Nevertheless, the dielectric constant of PI films at a high frequency range (several GHz) is relatively high and cannot satisfy the requirement of high‐frequency communication. On this basis, a hyper‐crosslinked polymer (HCP) and fabricated all‐organic HCP/PI composite films through a physical blending method is synthesized. The porous structure of HCP is helpful to reduce the dielectric constant of PI matrix. The effects of HCP loadings on the dielectric, mechanical, and thermal properties of HCP/PI composite films are systematically investigated. The dielectric constants of the composite films can be reduced to 1.6–1.8 in the frequency range of 8.2–9.6 GHz when the HCP content reached 10 wt.%. The proposed method in this work is simple and effective to reduce the dielectric constant of PI and can be easily extended to other organic component‐filled PI systems.
Dithienobenzothiadiazole (DTBT)‐Based Polymers Enable Organic Solar Cells with Ultrahigh VOC of ≈1.3 V
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Wang Zongtao , Tang Ailing , Guo Qiang , Liu Yingliang , Du Mengzhen , Zhou Erjun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDithieno[3’,2’:3,4;2",3":5,6]benzo[1,2‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DTBT) is a newly emerging building block to construct effective photovoltaic polymers. Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on DTBT‐based polymers have realized power conversion efficiency (PCEs) over 18%, despite their relatively low open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.8–0.95 V. To extend the application of DTBT‐based polymers in high‐voltage OSCs, herein, D18‐Cl and PE55 are used to combine with a wide‐bandgap non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA), BTA3, and achieve ultrahigh VOC of 1.30 and 1.28 V, respectively. Compared with D18‐Cl based on tricyclic benzodithiophene (BDT) segment, PE55 containing the pentacyclic dithienobenzodithiophene (DTBDT) unit possesses better hole mobility, higher charge‐transfer efficiency, and more desirable phase separation. Hence, PE55:BTA3 blend exhibits a higher efficiency of 9.36% than that of D18‐Cl: BTA3 combination (6.30%), which is one of the highest values for OSCs at ≈1.3 V VOC. This work attests that DTBT‐based p‐type polymers are ideal for the application in high‐voltage OSCs.
Association between the rs2241883 polymorphism of the fatty acid‐binding protein‐1 (FABP1) gene and obesity in a population of MASHAD study cohort
Authors: Valizadeh Mohsen , Aghasizadeh Malihe , Shaghi Fatemeh , Moradi Ali , Afshari Haleh S. T. , Zare‐Feyzabadi Reza , Saberi‐Karimian Maryam , Hashemi Mohammad , Doust Fatemeh N. S. , Nematy Mohsen , Bahre Ensieh A. , Aghaei‐Bakhtiari Seyed H. , Ghazizadeh Hamideh , Safarian‐Bana Hamideh , Shabani Niloofar , Esmaily Habibollah , Ferns Gordon A. , Pasdar Alireza , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe fatty acid‐binding proteins (FABPs) gene polymorphisms are related to several metabolic properties. We investigated the association of SNPs rs2241883 of FABP 1 gene with obesity to evaluate the role of FABP1 gene in the pathogenesis of obesity in the population of MASHAD study cohort.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 2731 individuals (1883 Obese and 848 nonobese) aged 35 to 65 years old, were enrolled from the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) study cohort. DNA Quantitation was determined using the NanoDrop®‐1000 instrument (NanoDrop‐Technologies). The rs2241883 polymorphisms were genotyped by double ARMs PCR (double amplification refractory mutation system) reactions. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 22 and a p < 0.05 was set for statistical significance.ResultsThe results showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, subjects having the CC genotype for rs2241883 polymorphism were at a higher risk of BMI ≥ 30 mg/kg2 with OR of 1.79 (CI = 1.05–3.07; p = 0.03) and 1.76 (CI = 1.04–2.99; p = 0.04) comparing with reference group using codominant and dominant models, respectively.ConclusionThe results showed that CC genotype for rs2241883 polymorphism is related to an increased risk of the obesity in dominant and codominant models in a population of MASHAD study cohort.
Small flaps in microsurgical breast reconstruction: Selection between the profunda artery perforator and small deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flaps and associated outcomes and complications
Authors: Chan Siew‐Yoek , Kuo Wen‐Ling , Cheong David Chon‐Fok , Chang Frank Chun‐Shin , Huang Jung‐Ju 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap is widely used in breast reconstruction and the profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap as alternative. However, the difference between the two flaps in smaller breast reconstruction remains lacking, in particular, the donor site complications. In this case series, the results of small breast reconstruction (≤300 g) using PAP or small DIEP flaps were explored.MethodsUnilateral immediate breast reconstruction using a free PAP flap or small DIEP flap (≤300 g) from 2011 to 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Excluding patients with delayed reconstruction, 28 patients, including 17 PAP flaps and 11 small DIEP flaps were enrolled. Flap characteristics, breast and donor site complications, and revision surgeries were reviewed. BREAST‐Q™ was used for quality‐of‐life assessment.ResultsCompared with a small DIEP flap, a PAP flap was narrow (7.5 ± 1.1 vs. 10.6 ± 0.7 cm, p < .001), short (20.0 ± 2.6 vs. 25.5 ± 1.8 cm, p < .001) and had a shorter pedicle (5.9 ± 1.6 vs. 9.1 ± 1.0 cm, p < .001). There were no significant differences in acute and late complications of wound healing and fat necrosis, but the average number of revisions in the PAP group was significantly higher (1.9 ± 1.3 vs. 0.8 ± 1.4, p = .041). Patient‐reported outcomes using BREAST‐Q™ displayed no significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionThe outcomes of PAP and small DIEP flaps at the breasts and donor sites are satisfactory, despite that a higher tendency of donor site complications in PAP flap and more aesthetic refinement required in the PAP group. The overall outcomes are acceptable.
100 essential questions for the future of agriculture
Authors: Hu Yuming , Zhao Taolan , Guo Yafang , Wang Meng , Brachhold Kerstin , Chu Chengcai , Hanson Andrew , Kumar Sachin , Lin Rongcheng , Long Wenjin , Luo Ming , Ma Jian Feng , Miao Yansong , Nie Shaoping , Sheng Yu , Shi Weiming , Whelan James , Wu Qingyu , Wu Ziping , Xie Wei , Yang Yinong , Zhao Chao , Lei Lei , Zhu Yong‐Guan , Zhang Qifa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe world is at a crossroad when it comes to agriculture. The global population is growing, and the demand for food is increasing, putting a strain on our agricultural resources and practices. To address this challenge, innovative, sustainable, and inclusive approaches to agriculture are urgently required. In this paper, we launched a call for Essential Questions for the Future of Agriculture and identified a priority list of 100 questions. We focus on 10 primary themes: transforming agri‐food systems, enhancing resilience of agriculture to climate change, mitigating climate change through agriculture, exploring resources and technologies for breeding, advancing cultivation methods, sustaining healthy agroecosystems, enabling smart and controlled‐environment agriculture for food security, promoting health and nutrition‐driven agriculture, exploring economic opportunities and addressing social challenges, and integrating one health and modern agriculture. We emphasise the critical importance of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research that integrates both basic and applied sciences and bridges the gaps among various stakeholders for achieving sustainable agriculture.
28 GHz compact 4‐way Wilkinson power divider/combiner using RCIN and mutual inductors in 0.13 μm CMOS technology
Authors: Song Jae‐Hyeok , Oh Hyun‐Myung , Lim Jeong‐Taek , Kim Choul‐Young 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, we proposed a 4‐way Wilkinson power divider/combiner (WPDC) with a series RC(resistor‐capacitor) isolation network (RCIN) and mutual inductors for millimeter wave phased array applications. The proposed circuit offers small chip sizes and low insertion loss, measuring less than 0.85 dB, as well as an input/output return loss greater than 11.8 dB. Additionally, simulations showed isolation greater than 18.7 dB, amplitude imbalance less than 0.026 dB, and phase difference less than 0.26° in the 26–32 GHz. The 4‐way WPDC was implemented using bulk CMOS 1P8M 0.13 μm technology and had a circuit size of 0.087 mm².
Functional annotation of a hugely expanded nanos repertoire in Lytechinus variegatus, the green sea urchin
Authors: Pieplow Cosmo , Wessel Gary 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanos genes encode essential RNA‐binding proteins involved in germline determination and germline stem cell maintenance. When examining diverse classes of echinoderms, typically three, sometimes four, nanos genes are present. In this analysis, we identify and annotate nine nanos orthologs in the green sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus (Lv). All nine genes are transcribed and grouped into three distinct classes. Class one includes the germline Nanos, with one member: Nanos2. Class two includes Nanos3‐like genes, with significant sequence similarity to Nanos3 in the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Sp), but with wildly variable expression patterns. The third class includes several previously undescribed nanos zinc‐finger genes that may be the result of duplications of Nanos2. All nine nanos transcripts occupy unique genomic loci and are expressed with unique temporal profiles during development. Importantly, here we describe and characterize the unique genomic location, conservation, and phylogeny of the Lv ortholog of the well‐studied Sp Nanos2. However, in addition to the conserved germline functioning Nanos2, the green sea urchin appears to be an outlier in the echinoderm phyla with eight additional nanos genes. We hypothesize that this expansion of nanos gene members may be the result of a previously uncharacterized L1‐class transposon encoded on the opposite strand of a nanos2 pseudogene present on chromosome 12 in this species. The expansion of nanos genes described here represents intriguing insights into germline specification and nanos evolution in this species of sea urchin.
Prevalence and associated factors of alexithymia in intensive care unit nurses
Authors: Nan Ruiling , Ma Li , Yan Hui , Zhang Yabin , Pei Juhong , Chen Haixia , Wang Xinglei , Dou Xinman 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of alexithymia in intensive care unit nurses and determine the associated factors.DesignA multi‐center, cross‐sectional study.MethodsIn total, 485 nurses in intensive care unit were recruited from 53 hospitals in China. Data collection tools used in the study included demographic characteristics, the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), and the 20‐item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS‐20). SPSS 25.0 software (Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used to preform data analysis.ResultsAbout 43.7% of intensive care unit nurses were classified as alexithymia in the whole sample (males: 50%, females: 43%). The median TAS‐20 score was 60 (interquartile range = 9). The study found that alexithymia was significantly associated with marital status, whether living alone, working years, and social support (Adjusted R Squared = 0.194, F = 6.466, p < 0.01), while emotional intelligence was not statistically significant with alexithymia.ConclusionsAlexithymia is a psychological problem with high incidence in intensive care unit nurses. In this study, being unmarried or divorced, living alone, and having fewer years of work (≤5 years) were associated with a higher risk of alexithymia. Interventions that strengthen social support may also help improve the mental health of ICU nurses.
Comparison of the different imaging modalities used to image pediatric oncology patients: A COG diagnostic imaging committee/SPR oncology committee white paper
Authors: Frush Donald P. , Callahan Michael J. , Coley Brian D. , Nadel Helen R. , Paul Guillerman R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiagnostic imaging is essential in the diagnosis and management, including surveillance, of known or suspected cancer in children. The independent and combined roles of the various modalities, consisting of radiography, fluoroscopy, ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine (NM), are both prescribed through protocols but also function in caring for complications that may occur during or subsequent to treatment such as infection, bleeding, or organ compromise. Use of a specific imaging modality may be based on situational circumstances such as a brain CT or MR for a new onset seizure, chest CT for respiratory signs or symptoms, or US for gross hematuria. However, in many situations, there are competing choices that do not easily lend themselves to a formulaic approach as options; these situations depend on the contributions of a variety of factors based on a combination of the clinical scenario and the strengths and limitations of the imaging modalities. Therefore, an improved understanding of the potential influence of the imaging decision pathways in pediatric cancer care can come from comparison among the individual diagnostic imaging modalities. The purpose of the following material to is to provide such a comparison. To do this, pediatric imaging content experts for the individual modalities of radiography and fluoroscopy, US, CT, MRI, and NM will discuss the individual modality strengths and limitations.
Validation of an indirect nonthermal plasma sterilization process for disposable medical devices packed in blisters and cartons
Authors: Seri Paolo , Nici Silvia , Cappelletti Martina , Scaltriti Silvia G. , Popoli Arturo , Cristofolini Andrea , Neretti Gabriele 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNowadays, the majority of the processes used to sterilize disposable medical devices have several drawbacks in terms of safety, energy consumption, and costs. In this work, a sterilization method based on an indirect nonthermal plasma treatment is presented. The main advantages of this method are low environmental impact, absence of harmful chemical compounds' storage, and backward compatibility relative to production, sterilization, and shipping chain. The sterilization of disposable devices, enclosed inside their protective packaging, is achieved by exploiting reactive species produced by a Dielectric Barrier Discharge plasma reactor. Various devices have been subjected to a 2‐h treatment, achieving complete sterilization based on USP and EU‐PHARMA protocols. Pretreatment of carton packaging has been necessary to guarantee a complete sterilization process.
Functional comparison of full‐length palladin to isolated actin binding domain
Authors: Albraiki Sharifah , Ajiboye Oluwatosin , Sargent Rachel , Beck Moriah R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPalladin is an actin binding protein that is specifically upregulated in metastatic cancer cells but also colocalizes with actin stress fibers in normal cells and is critical for embryonic development as well as wound healing. Of nine isoforms present in humans, only the 90 kDa isoform of palladin, comprising three immunoglobulin (Ig) domains and one proline‐rich region, is ubiquitously expressed. Previous work has established that the Ig3 domain of palladin is the minimal binding site for F‐actin. In this work, we compare functions of the 90 kDa isoform of palladin to the isolated actin binding domain. To understand the mechanism of action for how palladin can influence actin assembly, we monitored F‐actin binding and bundling as well as actin polymerization, depolymerization, and copolymerization. Together, these results demonstrate that there are key differences between the Ig3 domain and full‐length palladin in actin binding stoichiometry, polymerization, and interactions with G‐actin. Understanding the role of palladin in regulating the actin cytoskeleton may help us develop means to prevent cancer cells from reaching the metastatic stage of cancer progression.
Pterostilbene could alleviate diabetic cognitive impairment by suppressing TLR4/NF‐кB pathway through microbiota‐gut‐brain axis
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Tong , Deng Si‐Min , Chen Chong , He Qing‐Hui , Peng Xian‐Wu , Liang Qing‐Feng , Zhuang Guo‐Dong , Wang Shu‐Mei , Tang Dan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is a serious neurodegenerative disorder caused by diabetes, with chronic inflammation being a crucial factor in its pathogenesis. Pterostilbene is a well‐known natural stilbene derivative that has excellent anti‐inflammatory activity, suggesting its potential medicinal advantages for treating DCI. Therefore, this study is to explore the beneficial effects of pterostilbene for improving cognitive dysfunction in DCI mice. A diabetic model was induced by a high‐fat diet plus streptozotocin (40 mg·kg−1) for consecutive 5 days. After the animals were confirmed to be in a diabetic state, they were treated with pterostilbene (20 or 60 mg·kg−1, i.g.) for 10 weeks. Pharmacological evaluation showed pterostilbene could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction, regulate glycolipid metabolism disorders, improve neuronal damage, and reduce the accumulation of β‐amyloid in DCI mice. Pterostilbene alleviated neuroinflammation by suppressing oxidative stress and carbonyl stress damage, astrocyte and microglia activation, and dopaminergic neuronal loss. Further investigations showed that pterostilbene reduced the level of lipopolysaccharide, modulated colon and brain TLR4/NF‐κB signaling pathways, and decreased the release of inflammatory factors, which in turn inhibited intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, pterostilbene could also improve the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota, increase the levels of short‐chain fatty acids and their receptors, and suppress the loss of intestinal tight junction proteins. In addition, the results of plasma non‐targeted metabolomics revealed that pterostilbene could modulate differential metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with inflammation, thereby suppressing systemic inflammation in DCI mice. Collectively, our study found for the first time that pterostilbene could alleviate diabetic cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway through the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis, which may be one of the potential mechanisms for its neuroprotective effects.