bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyarteritis nodosa diagnosed in a young male after COVID-19 vaccine: A case report
Authors: Makiyama Ayako , Abe Yoshiyuki , Furusawa Hoshiko , Kogami Masahiro , Ando Taiki , Tada Kurisu , Onimaru Mitsuho , Ishizu Akihiro , Yamaji Ken , Tamura Naoto 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine was rapidly developed and the effectiveness of the vaccine has been established. However, various adverse effects have been reported, including the development of autoimmune diseases. We report a case of new-onset polyarteritis nodosa in a 32-year-old male following the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. The patient developed limb pain, fever, pulmonary embolism, multiple subcutaneous nodules, and haematomas. Skin biopsy revealed necrotising inflammation accompanied by fibrinoid necrosis and high inflammatory cell infiltration in the walls of medium to small arteries. The symptoms resolved following corticosteroid treatment. Although it is difficult to prove a relationship between the vaccine and polyarteritis nodosa, similar cases have been reported and further reports and analyses are therefore necessary.
Disparities in Psychosis Risk Symptoms for New Zealand Māori May Be Explained by Systemic Stressors and Inappropriate Conceptualization of Culturally Normative Experiences
Authors: Grattan Rebecca E , Mehta Aleesha , Clifford Amanda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Māori, the indigenous peoples of New Zealand, experience increased rates of psychotic disorders and first-episode psychosis. However, it is unclear whether they also present with increased psychosis risk symptoms, such as subclinical psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). Measurement of risk symptoms is key for early intervention. Further, it is unclear if systemic factors such as the increased rates of social adversity and discrimination or cultural biases contribute to this disparity in psychosis rates.

Study Design
This study surveyed 466 18- to 30-year olds in New Zealand, and compared Māori to non-Māori participant responses on the Prodromal Questionnaire Brief, alongside the history of childhood trauma, discrimination, and financial adversity.

Study Results
Māori reported a higher number of PLEs compared to non-Māori—however, this was not associated with increased distress related to these experiences. The increased number of psychosis-like experiences reported by Māori was likely explained by systemic factors such as childhood trauma, discrimination, and financial stress. Māori were more likely to report that the PLEs were positive.

Conclusions
Measurement of psychosis risk for Māori is nuanced, and increased scores on these tools may reflect pathologizing potentially normative experiences for Māori, such as spiritual encounters or discrimination, alongside the impact of increased rates of systemic discrimination, trauma, and financial stress.
Extent of Tissue Washing Can Significantly Alter the Composition of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cell Preparations: Implications for Clinical Translation
Authors: Aguilo-Seara Gabriela , Molair William , Shang Hulan , Northrup Scott , Grosser Joshua A , Llull Ramon , Katz Adam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell preparations have recently attracted much interest as a form of autologous cell therapy. These heterogenous cell populations typically include some proportion of blood-derived cells (BDCs)—including both red blood cells (RBCs) and leukocytes (WBCs). The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the effects of tissue washing and hypotonic RBC lysis—separately and together—on BDC concentrations within SVF, and further to explore whether BDCs can confer detectable and modifiable effects on adipose-derived cell activity. Using various cell culture assays, flow cytometry and ELISA analysis of human-derived SVF preparations, we show that thorough washing of adipose tissue prior to enzymatic dissociation effectively removes RBCs from SVF preparations as well as standard lysis methods and significantly alters the type and relative quantities of WBCs. In addition, these studies demonstrate that potentially toxic RBC components are detectable for up to 1 week in cultures containing RBC lysate, but not those with intact RBCs, and, that culture-expanded cells proliferate significantly more in the presence of intact RBCs versus RBC lysis products or control media. Broadly, these data exemplify how different seemingly mundane tissue processing steps can significantly influence SVF identity/composition, purity, and potency. Based on the findings of this work, we propose that translational efforts in the field would benefit by a better understanding of the impact of RBCs, WBCs, and non-viable cells on the in vivo therapeutic activity of SVF therapies.
Use of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors in the Postoperative Period of Skin Flaps: A Systematic Review
Authors: Daronch Oona Tomiê , Marcante Renata Fernanda Ramos , Neto Aristides Augusto Palhares , Viterbo Fausto 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Ischemia-reperfusion injury can occur in several clinical conditions, and it has been widely studied in the context of skin flaps. Vascular distress results in an imbalance between the supply and demand of oxygen to living tissues, and the result of this process is tissue necrosis. Several drugs have been studied to reduce vascular distress of skin flaps and tissue loss.

Methods:
The present study performed a systematic review of literature in the main databases (PubMed, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, and Cochrane), including articles published in the last 10 years.

Results:
It was observed that phosphodiesterase inhibitors, mainly types III and V, have shown promising results in terms of vascularization of the postoperative skin flap, especially when started on the first postoperative day and maintained for 7 days.

Conclusion:
New studies with different posology, duration of use, and new drugs are needed to better elucidate the use of this substance to optimize the circulation of skin flaps.
Early Second Free Flap is Required in Osteoradionecrosis-related Nonunion after Primary Mandible Reconstruction
Authors: Tee Richard , Schweizer Riccardo , Gomez-Martinez-de-Lecea Cristina , Vejbrink Kildal Villiam , Thor Andreas , Rodriguez-Lorenzo Andres 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) manifested as symptomatic nonunion between primary free flap and native mandible after primary bony reconstruction of the mandible is an entity not included in current conventional ORN staging guidelines. This article reports on and proposes early management of this debilitating condition using a chimeric scapular tip free flap (STFF).

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed examining cases with bony nonunion at the junction of primary free fibula flap (FFF) and native mandible at a single center over a 10-year duration, which required a second free bone flap. Details of each case (patient demographics, oncological details, primary surgery, presentation, and secondary surgery) were documented and analyzed. Outcomes of the treatment were assessed.

Results:
Four patients (two men and two women; age range, 42–73 years) out of a total of 46 primary FFF were identified. All patients presented with symptoms of low-grade ORN and radiological signs of nonunion. All cases were reconstructed with chimeric STFF. The duration of follow-up ranged from 5 to 20 months. All patients reported resolution of symptoms and radiological evidence of union. Two of four patients subsequently received osseointegrated dental implants.

Conclusions:
Institutional rate of nonunion after primary FFF requiring a second free bone flap is 8.7%. All the patients of this cohort presented with a similar clinical entity easily discounted as an infected nonunion postosseous flap reconstruction. There is no ORN grading system that currently guides the management of this cohort. Good outcomes are possible with early surgical intervention with a chimeric STFF.
Validation of the Short-Form 36 for Adolescents Undergoing Reduction Mammaplasty
Authors: McNamara Catherine T. , Parry Gareth , Netson Rebecca , Nuzzi Laura C. , Labow Brian I. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Health-related quality of life improvements after reduction mammaplasty have been reported by patients. Although instruments exist for adults, a validated outcomes survey is not available for adolescents. This study aims to validate the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) for adolescents undergoing reduction mammaplasty.

Methods:
Patients aged 12–21 years were prospectively recruited between 2008 and 2021 to unaffected or macromastia cohorts. Patients completed four baseline surveys: SF-36, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Breast-related Symptoms Questionnaire, and Eating Attitudes Test. Surveys were repeated at 6 and 12 months postoperatively (macromastia cohort), and at 6 and 12 months from baseline (unaffected cohort). Content, construct, and longitudinal validity were assessed.

Results:
A total of 258 patients with macromastia (median age: 17.5 years), and 128 unaffected patients (median age: 17.0 years) were included. Content validity was established, and construct validity was fulfilled: internal consistency was confirmed for all domains (Cronbach alpha >0.7); convergent validity was satisfied through expected correlations between the SF-36 and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Breast-related Symptoms Questionnaire, and Eating Attitudes Test, and known-groups validity was established through significantly lower mean scores in all SF-36 domains in the macromastia cohort compared with unaffected patients. Longitudinal validity was established by significant improvements in domain scores from baseline to 6 and 12 months postoperatively in patients with macromastia (P < 0.05, all).

Conclusions:
The SF-36 is a valid instrument for adolescents undergoing reduction mammaplasty. Although other instruments have been used for older patients, we recommend the SF-36 when assessing health-related quality of life changes in younger populations.
Brain morphology predicts individual sensitivity to pain: a multicenter machine learning approach
Authors: Kotikalapudi Raviteja , Kincses Balint , Zunhammer Matthias , Schlitt Frederik , Asan Livia , Schmidt-Wilcke Tobias , Kincses Zsigmond T. , Bingel Ulrike , Spisak Tamas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sensitivity to pain shows a remarkable interindividual variance that has been reported to both forecast and accompany various clinical pain conditions. Although pain thresholds have been reported to be associated to brain morphology, it is still unclear how well these findings replicate in independent data and whether they are powerful enough to provide reliable pain sensitivity predictions on the individual level. In this study, we constructed a predictive model of pain sensitivity (as measured with pain thresholds) using structural magnetic resonance imaging–based cortical thickness data from a multicentre data set (3 centres and 131 healthy participants). Cross-validated estimates revealed a statistically significant and clinically relevant predictive performance (Pearson r = 0.36, P < 0.0002, R
2 = 0.13). The predictions were found to be specific to physical pain thresholds and not biased towards potential confounding effects (eg, anxiety, stress, depression, centre effects, and pain self-evaluation). Analysis of model coefficients suggests that the most robust cortical thickness predictors of pain sensitivity are the right rostral anterior cingulate gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus, and left temporal pole. Cortical thickness in these regions was negatively correlated to pain sensitivity. Our results can be considered as a proof-of-concept for the capacity of brain morphology to predict pain sensitivity, paving the way towards future multimodal brain-based biomarkers of pain.
Additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy does not increase the risk of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hong Zhinuan , Xu Jinxin , chen Zhen , Xu Hui , Huang Zhixin , Weng Kai , Cai Junlan , Ke Sunkui , Chen Shuchen , Xie Jinbiao , Duan Hongbing , Kang Mingqiang 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nICT) is a novel and promising therapy model for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC).The objective of this study aimed to assessed the impact of additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy on patients’ short-term outcomes, particularly the incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) and pathological response.

Methods:
Patients with LA-ESCC who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy(nCT)/ nICT combination with radical esophagectomy were enrolled from three medical centers in China. We used propensity score matching (PSM， ration：1:1, caliper=0.01) and inverse probability processing weighting (IPTW) to balance the baseline characteristics and compare the outcomes. Conditional logistic regression and weighted logistic regression analysis were used to further evaluate whether additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy would increased the risk of postoperative AL.

Results:
A total of 331 patients getting partially advanced ESCC receiving nCT or nICT were enrolled from three medical centers in China. After PSM/IPTW, the baseline characteristics reached a equilibrium between the two groups. After matching, there were no significant difference in the AL incidence between the two groups(P=0.68, after PSM; P=0.97 after IPTW), and the incidence of AL in the two groups was 15.85% versus 18.29%, and 14.79% versus 15.01%, respectively. After PSM/IPTW, both groups were similar in pleural effusion and pneumonia. After IPTW, the nICT group had a higher incidence of bleeding(3.36% vs. 0.30%, P=0.01), chylothorax(5.79% 0.30%, P=0.001), and cardiac events(19.53% vs. 9.20%, P=0.04). recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy(7.85% vs. 0.54%, P=0.003). After PSM, both groups were similar in palsy of recurrent laryngeal nerve(1.22% vs. 3.66%, P=0.31) and cardiac events(19.51% vs. 14.63%, P=0.41). Weighted logistic regression analysis showed that additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy wasn’t responsible for AL (OR=0.56, 95%CI: [0.17,1.71], after PSM; 0.74, 95%CI: [0.34,1.56], after IPTW). The nICT group had dramatically higher pCR in primary tumor than the nCT group (P=0.003, PSM; P=0.005, IPTW), 9.76% versus 28.05% and 7.72% versus 21.17%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy could benefit pathological reactions without increasing the risk of AL and pulmonary complications.We require further randomized controlled research to validate whether additional neoadjuvant immunotherapy would make a difference in other complications, and determine whether pathologic benefits could translate into prognostic benefits, which would require longer follow-up.
Changes in Physician Recommendations for Early Physical Activity After Pediatric Concussion: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Plumage Emily F. , Bista Saroj , Recker Robyn , Cuff Steven , Fischer Anastasia , Tiso Michael , Yang Jingzhen 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
This study aimed to analyze changes in physical activity (PA) recommendations after pediatric concussions and examine the associations of patient and injury characteristics with physicians' PA recommendations.

Design:
Retrospective observational study.

Setting:
Concussion clinics associated with a pediatric hospital.

Patients:
Patients aged 10 to 18 years with a concussion diagnosis, presenting to the concussion clinic within 14 days of the injury were included. A total of 4727 pediatric concussions and corresponding 4727 discharge instructions were analyzed.

Independent Variables:
The independent variables for our study were time, injury characteristics (eg, mechanism and symptom scores), and patient characteristics (eg, demographics and comorbidities).

Main Outcome Measures:
Physician PA recommendations.

Results:
From 2012 to 2019, the proportion of physicians recommending light activity at an initial visit increased from 11.1% to 52.6% (P < 0.05) within 1-week postinjury and from 16.9% to 64.0% during the second week postinjury (P < 0.05). A significantly increased odds of recommending “light activity” (odds ratio [OR] = 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39-2.40) and “noncontact PA” (OR = 2.21, 95% CI, 1.28-2.05), compared with “no activity” within 1-week postinjury, was observed in each consecutive year. In addition, higher symptom scores at the initial visit were associated with lower likelihood of recommending “light activity” or “noncontact PA.”

Conclusions:
Physician recommendation of early, symptom-limited PA after a pediatric concussion has increased since 2012, which mirrors a shift in acute concussion management. Further research assessing how these PA recommendations may facilitate pediatric concussion recovery is warranted.
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Elderly Patients With Menière’s Disease
Authors: Oussoren Fieke K. , van Leeuwen Roeland B. , Schermer Tjard R. , Poulsen Louise N. F. , Kardux Joost J. , Bruintjes Tjasse D. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Menière’s disease (MD) is an inner ear disease characterized by vertigo attacks, progressive hearing loss, tinnitus, and the sensation of aural fullness. Although the exact pathophysiology of MD is unknown, endolymphatic hydrops is considered to be its histopathological hallmark. It has been suggested that endolymphatic hydrops results from lowered perfusion pressure due to cardiovascular comorbidity. Cardiovascular risk factors can cause cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), visible on MRI. The presence of CSVD in turn raises the risk of developing a stroke.

Objectives:
This study aimed to compare the presence of CSVD and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly patients with MD to a control cohort.

Methods:
Patients diagnosed with MD, aged 50 years and older, were retrospectively reviewed and compared with a control cohort. The primary outcome was the difference in CSVD on MRI imaging, which was assessed by the number of white matter hyperintensities using the ordinal Fazekas scale. The secondary outcome was the presence of brain infarctions on MRI.

Results:
A total of 111 patients with MD were compared with a control cohort of 111 patients. No difference in the degree of white matter hyperintensities (P = 0.890) was found between the MD and control cohort. Brain infarctions were seen in 8 of 111 patients with MD and 14 of 111 patients from the control cohort (P = 0.261).

Conclusion:
CSVD is not more frequently visible on MRI in elderly patients with MD than in controls. This result does not support hypoperfusion-induced ischemia in the pathophysiology of MD.
A Psychosocial Care Model for Families Affected by Congenital Heart Disease*
Authors: Driscoll Colleen F. B. , Christofferson Jennifer , McWhorter Linda G. , Demianczyk Abigail C. , Brosig Cheryl L. , Jackson Emily A. , Gramszlo Colette , Zyblewski Sinai C. , Kazak Anne E. , Sood Erica 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To develop a model of family-based psychosocial care for congenital heart disease (CHD).

DESIGN:
Qualitative study using crowdsourced data collected from parents of young children with CHD who received care across 42 hospitals.

SETTING:
Yammer, a social networking platform used to facilitate online crowdsourcing and qualitative data collection.

SUBJECTS:
Geographically diverse sample of 100 parents (72 mothers and 28 fathers) of young children with CHD.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Parents joined a private group on Yammer and responded to 37 open-ended study questions over a 6-month period. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed using an iterative process. Three broad themes corresponding to pillars of family-based psychosocial care were identified: pillar 1) parent partnership in family-integrated medical care, pillar 2) supportive interactions focused on parent and family wellbeing, and pillar 3) integrated psychosocial care and peer support for parents and families. Each pillar was supported by subthemes corresponding to specific intervention strategies. Most parents described the need for intervention strategies across multiple pillars, with almost half reporting needs across all three pillars of psychosocial care. Parents’ preferences for psychosocial support changed over time with changes to their child’s medical status and across care settings (e.g., hospital, outpatient clinic).

CONCLUSIONS:
Results support a model of family-based psychosocial care that is multidimensional and flexible to meet the needs of families affected by CHD. All members of the healthcare team play an important role in providing psychosocial support. Future research incorporating components of implementation science is needed to promote uptake of these findings, with the goal of optimizing family-based psychosocial support in the hospital setting and beyond.
Rare Recurrent Giant Frontal Osteoma With Skin Multiple Keratinous Cysts and Multinucleated Giant Cell Granulomas
Authors: Deng Huiling , Peng Shuyi , Wu Fan , An Ran , Wang Jiecong 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Osteoma is the most common benign tumor of the craniomaxillofacial region. Its etiology remains unclear, and the computed tomography and histopathologic examination contribute to its diagnosis. There are very rare reports of recurrence and malignant transformation after surgical resection. Furthermore, giant frontal osteomas that occurred repeatedly and were accompanied by skin multiple keratinous cysts and multinucleated giant cell granulomas have not been reported in previous literature.

Methods:
The previous cases of recurrent frontal osteoma in the literature and all cases of frontal osteoma in our department in the last 5 years were reviewed.

Results:
A total of 17 cases of frontal osteoma (mean age 40 y, all female) were reviewed in our department. All patients underwent open surgery to remove the frontal osteoma, and no evidence of complications was found during postoperative follow-up. Two patients underwent 2 or more operations due to the recurrence of osteoma.

Conclusions:
Two cases of recurrent giant frontal osteoma were reviewed emphatically in this study, including 1 case of giant frontal osteoma with skin multiple keratinous cysts and multinucleated giant cell granulomas. As far as we know, this is the first giant frontal osteoma that occurred repeatedly and was accompanied by skin multiple keratinous cysts and multinucleated giant cell granulomas.