bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coherent direction of arrival estimation based on low‐rank matrix recovery utilising L2‐norm with moving coprime arrays
Authors: Yang Youzhen , Wang Jianhui , Cui Weijia , Ba Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, an effective algorithm is proposed for direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) estimation of coherent signals using the l2‐norm with moving coprime arrays. The proposed algorithm exhibits high accuracy and robustness in decorrelation of coherent signals compared to existing methods. Firstly, the received signal is filtered on the moving coprime array and a signal model is constructed that is compatible with the moving coprime array. Next, virtual sensors is inserted into the holes of the moving coprime array and the received signals are initialised. Then, the Toeplitz matrix is reconstructed based on the covariance matrix of the initial signal and perform low‐rank matrix recovery to eliminate signal coherence by compensating the matrix for zero. Finally, the DOA estimation for the signal is performed using spectral peak search. Simulation results verify that the estimation accuracy of our proposed algorithm outperforms various existing algorithms.
The multiplicity of massive stars in the Scorpius OB1 association through high-contrast imaging
Authors: Pauwels T. , Reggiani M. , Sana H. , Rainot A. , Kratter K. 
Published: August 2023

Context.Despite past efforts, a comprehensive theory of massive star formation is still lacking. One of the most remarkable properties of massive stars is that almost all of them are found in binaries or higher-order multiple systems. Since multiplicity is an important outcome parameter of a star formation process, observations that cover the full companion mass ratio and separation regime are essential to constrain massive star formation theories.Aims.We aim to characterise the multiplicity properties of 20 OB stars (one of which turned out to be a foreground object) in the active star-forming region Sco OB1 in the separation range 0.″15–6″ (∼200−9000 AU), using high-contrast imaging observations. These observations enabled us to reach very large magnitude differences and explore an as of yet uncharted territory of companions around massive stars.Methods.We used VLT/SPHERE to simultaneously observe with IFS and IRDIS, obtaining high-contrast imaging observations that cover a field of view (FoV) of 1.″73 × 1.″73 inYJHbands and 11″ × 12.″5 inK1andK2bands, respectively. We extracted low-resolution IFS spectra of candidate companions within 0.″85 and compared them with PHOENIX and ATLAS9 atmosphere models to obtain an estimate of their fundamental parameters. Furthermore, we retrieved an estimate of the mass and age of all sources in the larger IRDIS FoV. The observations reached contrast magnitudes of ΔK1 ∼ 13 on average, so we were able to detect sources at the stellar-substellar boundary.Results.In total, we detect 789 sources, most of which are likely background sources. Thirty objects that are estimated to be in the stellar mass regime have a 20% or lower probability of being spurious associations. We obtain SPHERE companion fractions of 2.3 ± 0.4 and 4.1 ± 0.8 for O- and B-type stars, respectively. Splitting the sample between more massive (> 20 M⊙) and less massive stars (< 20 M⊙), we obtain companion fractions of 2.3 ± 0.4 and 3.9 ± 0.7, respectively. Including all previously detected companions, we find a total multiplicity fraction of 0.89 ± 0.07 for separations in the range of ∼0−12 000 AU.Conclusions.With SPHERE, we are probing an unexplored area in the magnitude versus separation diagram of companions, which is crucial to achieve a complete overview of the multiplicity properties of massive stars and ultimately improve our understanding of massive star formation.
Suicidal attempt among patients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study from Morocco
Authors: Yassmine Kassal , Khadija Fritah , Naila Nakidi , Naima Arji , Siham Belbachir , Laboudi Fouad , Mesfioui Abdelhalem , Ouanass Abderrazzak , Tamouza Ryad , El Hessni Aboubaker 
Published: August 2023

Suicide constitutes the greatest risk factor for mortality in individuals with schizophrenia. Although numerous risk factors have been suggested as important predictors of suicidality in schizophrenia, most studies have focused on Caucasian and Chinese patients.
This study aimed to examine the prevalence of suicide attempts in schizophrenia patients in Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco, and to identify associated clinical and sociodemographic characteristics.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Ar-RAZI Psychiatric Center of Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat. We examined 175 Moroccan schizophrenic patients. The sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed based on the presence or absence of suicide attempts.
The prevalence of suicide attempts among patients was 32%. 43% of them had reported multiple suicide attempts. The majority of those who attempted suicide were single, younger, and with a lower economic status. Visual hallucinations were significantly prevalent among attempter patients compared to non-attempters (p =0.032).
Consequently, visual hallucinations could be a risk factor for suicide attempts in the Moroccan population.
Understanding sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with suicide attempts can help identify patients at higher risk and provide appropriate support and interventions to prevent suicide among the Moroccan population.
Age as an Exclusion Criterion for Nonoperative Management in Simple Acute Appendicitis in Children
Authors: Becker Gal , Fuhrer Audelia Eshel , Kremer Keren , Hochschild Annabella , Kammar Haguy , Sukhotnik Igor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective Nonoperative management (NOM) for simple acute appendicitis (SAA) is an acceptable mode of treatment in healthy children. Previous studies of NOM routinely excluded young children (< 5 years); however, the effect of age on NOM failure has not been directly assessed. Efficiency of NOM in young adults is questionable. Therefore, adolescents may also be at greater risk of NOM failure. Our aim was to investigate the effect of age on NOM failure.
Methods This is a retrospective analysis of children with SAA who received NOM between January 1, 2019, and June 30, 2021, at our institution. NOM failure was defined by subsequent appendectomy. Age was assessed as a continuous variable, and we also compared different age subgroups.
Results In this study, 151 children were included (60% male), mean age 11.2 ± 3.2 years (range: 5–17). Overall, 66 children (44%) failed NOM, 90% of them within the first year (median 7 weeks). Ten percent of the cohort were younger than 6 years of age and 33% of them failed NOM (p = 0.39). Per 1 year increase in age, the odds of NOM failure increased by 12% (p = 0.027). Children over 14 years of age had 2.46 times higher odds to fail NOM (p = 0.03). These higher odds remained after adjusting for appendiceal diameter and appendicolith. Linear regression showed a decrease by a factor of 12 at the time of NOM failure with every 1-year increase in age (β = −12, p = 0.09).
Conclusion The risk of NOM failure in children increases with age; therefore, age should be considered when deciding on the optimal management of SAA, especially in adolescents. Effectiveness of NOM in children younger than 6 years is noninferior to older children and therefore should not be excluded.
Arthroscopic Debridement for Treatment of Chronic Dynamic Scaphoid Instability
Authors: Steppe Cyrus , Seradge Houshang , Parker Winfred , Seradge Carrie , Steppe Kian , Steppe Kamran 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background There is a paucity of information on minimal surgical intervention for the treatment of chronic dynamic scaphoid instability (CDSI) that will achieve an acceptable mid-term result.
Purpose We hypothesize that by following a debride-first-then-wait protocol, some patients with CDSI can be treated with arthroscopic debridement alone and avoid a reconstructive procedure.
Patients and Methods We performed a retrospective, longitudinal study from January 2008 to December 2018 of all patients diagnosed with CDSI and treated with arthroscopic debridement of the scapholunate interosseous ligament. In all cases, a debride-first-then-wait protocol was followed that included a predetermined wait period after arthroscopic debridement, giving the patient a chance to experience possible symptom improvement. This approach integrated the patient's perceived wellness into the decision-making process. All wrists that remained symptomatic or experienced recurrence of symptoms were treated with a reconstructive procedure. The wrists were divided into two groups: arthroscopic debridement only (ADO) and reconstructive procedure (RP).
Results Seventy-nine wrists (72 patients) of 191 consecutive wrist arthroscopies met the inclusion criteria. The ADO group consisted of 43 wrists (54%). An average of 6.3 years later (range: 2–11 years), these patients remained satisfied with the results of the arthroscopic debridement and did not want further treatment. The RP group included 36 wrists (46%) with 91.7% of reconstructive surgeries occurring within 6 months of the arthroscopy. With a mid-term follow-up, 75% of Geissler grade II ligament tears, 48% of grade III tears, and 39% of grade IV tears were successfully treated with arthroscopic debridement alone and avoided a reconstructive surgery.
Conclusion By adopting a debride-first-then-wait protocol, some patients with CDSI can be treated with a more limited intervention, arthroscopic debridement. In this series, 54% of wrists with CDSI avoided a reconstructive surgery for an average of 6.3 years.
Type of Study / Level of Evidence Case Series, Level IV.
Plasma Soluble Glycoprotein VI, Platelet Function, Bleeding, and Ischemic Events in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Lahu Shqipdona , Adler Kristin , Mayer Katharina , Hein-Rothweiler Ralph , Bernlochner Isabell , Ndrepepa Gjin , Schüpke Stefanie , Holdenrieder Stefan , Bongiovanni Dario , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Schunkert Heribert , Gawaz Meinrad , Massberg Steffen , Kastrati Adnan , Münch Götz 
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is the major platelet-specific collagen receptor. GPVI shedding with generation of soluble GPVI (sGPVI) is an endogenous feedback mechanism preventing platelet overstimulation. sGPVI has not been investigated in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), especially regarding its potential value as a predictor of ischemic and bleeding risk.
Methods Baseline plasma sGPVI levels were available in 318 patients with CCS undergoing PCI. Platelet function was assessed by measuring both adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Co-primary endpoints were a composite of death or myocardial injury at 48 hours after PCI, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 1 to 5 bleeding at 30 days.
Results There was no significant correlation between sGPVI and platelet function at baseline or at 48 hours after PCI and loading with antiplatelet drugs. Baseline plasma sGPVI levels were not associated with the ischemic risk: the incidence of the ischemic endpoint was 25.0% in the lower, 22.9% in the middle, and 26.7% in the upper sGPVI tertile (p = 0.82). There was a significant nonlinear relationship between sGPVI and the risk of bleeding: the incidence of the bleeding endpoint was 11.8% in the lower, 12.6% in the middle, and 26.4% in the upper sGPVI tertile (p = 0.006).
Conclusion In patients with CCS undergoing PCI, plasma levels of sGPVI did not correlate with ADP- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Patients with higher baseline levels of sGPVI may carry an increased risk of bleeding at 30 days after PCI but no excess risk of ischemic events.
The influence of marketing communications agencies on activist brands’ moral competency development and ability to engage in authentic brand activism: Wieden+Kennedy ‘Just Does It’
Authors: Rohmanue Abdul , Jacobi Erik S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo compel people to bring about social change, activist brands must develop moral competency to ensure that they are perceived as authentic. However, there is limited research on the processes underpinning brands’ moral competency development. Furthermore, prior research on authentic brand activism has largely conceived of brands as singular entities as opposed to networks of diverse actors. Consequently, little is known about how inter-organisational collaborations influence brands’ moral competency development and ability to engage in authentic activism. We address this gap by presenting a case study of Nike, Inc./Wieden+Kennedy campaigns from 2017 to 2021 centred on women’s empowerment and of controversies from this period surrounding discrimination of female employees at Nike, Inc. By locating brand activism within the advertising client–agency relationship, we develop a cyclical model of activist brands’ moral competency development. Our model highlights that moral competency is not a static feature of brands but develops dynamically, and we identify the mobilisation of interactional expertise as a key driver of moral competency development. Furthermore, our model shows that a brand’s moral competency is not developed by a single organisation but through inter-organisational collaborations. We also demonstrate the challenges emerging from these collaborations and develop practical implications for activist brands.
Uncertain commodities: egg banking and value in Ukraine
Authors: Vlasenko Polina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development of vitrification techniques has increased the use of donor ova by allowing for their cryopreservation, storage, and international transportation. However, the implications of egg banking for the valuation of eggs remain little studied. Building on ethnographic fieldwork in a Ukrainian egg bank, in this article I examine different mechanisms and calculations that allow the bank to transform vitrified ova—products with volatile outcomes—into valuable but uncertain commodities. This article reveals how the bank staff can never completely secure their profits because of the variability of the egg quality assessment and unpredictability of their expenses. I demonstrate how the dilemmas that arise when the egg banking industry tries to turn oocytes into commodities trigger certain efforts to develop quality control in vitrification techniques and donor selection, as well as classification and accounting schemes related to oocyte quality.
Single- and two-photon absorption induced all-optical control of gallium selenide integrated silicon nitride photonic devices in the 700–800 nm wavelength range
Authors: Prosad Asish , Biswas Rabindra , A S Lal Krishna , Srinivas T. , Raghunathan Varun 
Published: August 2023

In this work, we report single- and two-photon absorption (TPA) induced transmission and resonance modulation in a multilayer gallium selenide (GaSe) integrated silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguide and ring resonator operating in the 700–800 nm wavelength range. Intensity dependent saturable absorption at low optical powers followed by TPA at higher power levels in GaSe integrated Si3N4 waveguides is observed at 785 nm pulsed laser excitation. A TPA coefficient of 0.117 cm/GW for the GaSe–Si3N4 composite waveguide and a three-photon absorption coefficient of 7.876 × 10−6 cm3/GW2 for the bare Si3N4 waveguide are extracted from intensity dependent transmission measurements. The single-photon absorption process induced by a blue laser incident on the multilayer GaSe transferred on top of the Si3N4 ring resonator is used for all-optical resonance tuning through the free-carrier refraction effect. A strong blue shift of the resonance by ∼12.3 pm/mW combined with resonance broadening is observed due to the free-carrier induced refractive index and absorption modulation. The TPA in the GaSe integrated Si3N4 ring resonator is also shown to result in a blue shift of the resonances excited using a 785 nm pulsed laser. This work demonstrates the all-optical control of 2D material integrated Si3N4 guided-wave structures operating in the shorter near-infrared wavelength range with potential applications in integrated quantum photonics, miniaturized sensing devices, and biomedical imaging.
Dramatic developmental changes in larval knockdown response enhance genetic sexing based on DDT resistance in Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Malcolm C.A. , Robinson A.S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGenetic sexing systems based on a conditional lethal require good discrimination between the different phenotypes. DDT resistance in the early instars of Anopheles stephensi Liston is not a good candidate when based on mortality, but this study shows that the knockdown response gives exceptional discrimination between heterozygous resistant and homozygous susceptible individuals. One- and two-day-old larvae of the DlDDT strain showed high (417-fold) resistance to knockdown by DDT, but very low resistance to mortality (3.3-fold). This changes with the onset of the third instar, so that by the fourth instar, mortality resistance is high (108-fold) and knockdown resistance is low (6.5-fold). Susceptibility to DDT decreases from first to fourth instar in the susceptible strain by 443-fold for knockdown and 15-fold for mortality and in the resistant strain by 8.5-fold for knockdown and 491-fold for mortality. The DDT knockdown response in young larvae was successfully used to identify two Y-autosome translocations linked to the resistance gene, DDT. T(Y-3)69 and T(Y-3)72 gave recombination values between the translocation breakpoint and the DDT locus of 4.1 and 10.1 crossover units, respectively. T(Y-3)69 proved to be an adequate genetic sexing system for laboratory studies.
Trap efficiency for Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, south-west Kenya
Authors: Dransfield R.D. , Brightwell R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn incomplete ring of electric nets was evaluated as a means of estimating trap efficiency for Glossina spp. This methodology assumes flies approach the trap directly, and then enter, or leave directly in random directions. These results showed that the ratio of the number of flies intercepted on the outside of the electric nets to the number on the inside was lower than predicted by this single-approach behavioural model. Moreover, an incomplete ring of nets around a trap reduced trap catch more than the model predicted. These inconsistencies were greater early in the day, and greater for females than for males. It is suggested that flies may make several approaches to a trap before entering or departing. This mixes arriving and departing flies on each side of the electric nets. Use of a complete ring of nets around a trap to estimate trap efficiency entails fewer behavioural assumptions. Catches at a complete ring around a trap were compared to catches in a trap without nets, replicated in a cross-over design. The efficiency of an odour baited NG2G trap was estimated to be 58% for males and 37% for females. Biconical traps were much less efficient. Both trap types were less efficient in the early morning, suggesting entry response is temperature dependent. The NG2G trap was more efficient for non-teneral nulliparous females than for other ages. For both trap types there was little difference between mean fat content of approaching and trapped males, but the mean fat content of trapped females was lower than that of approaching females.
Tracing the geographic origin of the cosmopolitan parthenogenetic insect pest Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae)
Authors: Mikac K.M. , Clarke G.M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe randomly amplified polymorphic DNA technique was used to trace the geographic origin of Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel populations in Australia from unknown geographic sources internationally. Haplotype (or clonal) diversity was high, with 474 unique haplotypes found from 616 individuals genotyped. Gene diversity estimates (0.10–0.28) and percent polymorphic loci (38.1–88.1%) were moderate to high for most populations. This resulted in genetic distance estimates that ranged from 0.04 to 0.26 and were significantly different for most pairwise population combinations. GST values for all populations were also moderate (0.04–0.54) and again were significantly different for most pairwise population comparisons. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that the majority of variation was apportioned among individuals within populations regardless of the level at which they were grouped. Gene flow (Nm) was mostly low for all pairwise populations comparisons with an average Nm = 1.8. A non-significant negative correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance was found for worldwide populations. In contrast, within Australian populations a significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance was detected. Genetic relationships explored using unweighted pair group method analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling indicated a mixed pattern of genetic similarities among all populations. Multiple introductions, from a wide range of international source populations, have obscured the ability to accurately determine the geographic origin of L. bostrychophila in Australia.
Ti3C2T
x
quantum dots/leaf veins based sensors with ultra-broadrange high sensitivity
Authors: Zheng Yiqiang , Xu Hao , Lou Zheng , Wang Lili , Han Wei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors and electronic skins have attracted more and more attention in human–machine interaction, intelligent robotics, and wearable health monitoring electronics. However, it is still challenging to trade off between high sensitivity and a wide working range to meet a variety of pressure applications. Herein, we reported a flexible pressure sensor assembled by a simple and cost-effective approach using coating Ti3C2T
x
quantum dots on leaf veins. Due to the ultrahigh specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and hierarchical micro-network structure, the device shows excellent sensitivity (25.83 kPa−1), a wide working range (0.1–1500 kPa), remarkable high-pressure resolution (5 kPa under high pressure of 100 kPa or 5%), high stability (over 4000 cycles) and fast response time (<0.3 s). Furthermore, we demonstrated the applications of body motion monitoring during different parts and activities. The results prove our device is a potential candidate for next-generation wearable electronics and human–machine interaction.