bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
خواص الركام المعاد تصنيعه من الخرسانة
Authors: إبراهيم احمد جميل 
Published: July 2023

صممت خمس خلطات خرسانية ذات مستويات مقاومة متباينة باستخدام الركام الطبيعي. بعد فحصها بعمر 28 يوم هذه الخرسانات وهي بهيئة مكعبات ومواشير واسطوانات قد كسرت وغربلت لإنتاج ركام معاد ذو تدرج مشابه لتدرج الركام الأصلي . بعد ذلك تم دراسة الخواص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية لركام الخرسانة المعاد الخشن والناعم مقارنة بالركام الطبيعي. الفحوصات التي أجريت على الركام أظهرت بان ركام الخرسانة المعاد يمتلك وزن نوعي اقل وقابلية امتصاص أعلى مقارنة مع الركام الطبيعي الأصلي ، مقاومة الركام المعاد الخشن للتأثيرات الميكانيكية كالصدم والتهشيم والبري كانت أيضا اقل مقارنة مع الركام الطبيعي بالإضافة إلى ذلك وجد إنه لايوجد تأثير للخواص الميكانيكية للخرسانة الأصلية على الخواص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية للركام المعاد .
Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Characterization of Leaf Extracts of Mimosa pudica (Mimosaceae)
Authors: Hayatou Mas’-Ud , Tembe Estella Achick , Herve Bayaga , Borgia Njinkio Nono , Fokunang Charles N. 
Published: July 2023

Mimosa pudica is a plant of the Mimosaceae family which is a family composed of several species. It has many pharmacological properties described in Ayurvedic medicine, including the hepatoprotective property which is the subject of this study. The objective of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the secondary metabolites presents in M. pudica leaf extracts. After performing an extraction according to the methods described by Fonmboh et al, we carried out a qualitative analysis in each extract according to the methods described by Shaik et al. The quantitative analysis consisted of a determination of each metabolite in comparison with references.
This study was able to show the presence of metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols in leaves extracts. The quantification of these metabolites showed a much higher concentration of alkaloids in the extract obtained by hydro-ethanolic maceration of 698.33 ± 8.82µg/ml, in the extract obtained by decoction a higher concentration of polyphenols and flavonoids respectively of 193.87 ± 12.66 µg/ml and 72.90 ± 2.45 µg/ml. This study demonstrated a promising richness in secondary metabolites in M.pudia leaf extracts qualitatively and quantitatively.
Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Medical School Admissions in Canada
Authors: Shin Ye Bin , Stojcevski Amanda , Dupuis-Miller Taylore , Kirpalani Amrit 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceMedical schools promote admission pathways as well as diversity and inclusivity to prospective students who are underrepresented in medicine (UIM) primarily via their websites. Research from organizational structures supports the use of instrumental values (which focus on behavior and core beliefs), rather than terminal values (which focus on the end goal), to promote diversity.ObjectiveTo characterize the use of instrumental and terminal values to promote institutional diversity and inclusivity on Canadian medical school websites.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study analyzed the contents and themes of Canadian medical school websites based on a theoretical value framework and an organizational diversity management framework. A literature review was conducted to explore the use of instrumental and terminal values in promoting diversity and inclusivity, and a codebook was created that outlined the characteristics of these values. The content of all application pathway websites for UIM applicants to all Canadian medical schools was coded between July and August 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresUse of terminal vs instrumental values across the UIM-targeted admission websites of medical schools.ResultsTwenty-two websites for 17 Canadian medical schools were included. Content on most of these websites promoted diversity in response to government policies or public accountability and often supported a dominant culture while treating diversity as an exception. The use of terminal rather than instrumental values was also more prominent on websites that targeted Indigenous prospective students compared with Black prospective students and applicants with lower socioeconomic status (11 [50%] websites vs 5 [23%] and 4 [18%] websites). Instrumental values, although seldom used, promoted diversity as a means to improve health care and training for all students in a program.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this qualitative study suggested that medical schools in Canada promoted diversity and inclusivity to prospective students primarily as an end goal rather than as a core value. Medical schools should highlight the benefits of diverse lived experiences and reinforce their commitment to diversity and inclusion by aligning their website content with their ongoing work in this area.
A torus‐like sublingual adenoid cystic carcinoma in a 35‐year‐old male: Review of literature and case report
Authors: Agha‐Hosseini Farzaneh , Esmaili Parnian , Yousefian Marzieh 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe case report describes an adenoid cystic carcinoma occurring at a rare location and the diagnostic pathway. Swellings of the floor of the mouth, whether painful or without subjective symptoms and regardless of consistency, should be taken seriously.AbstractAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ADCC) of the sublingual salivary gland only accounts for 2% of all ADCCs. In this study, we report a rare case of ADCC with sublingual salivary gland origin in a 35‐year‐old man and a comprehensive review of articles published over the past 62 years.
Ligand chemistry for surface functionalization in MXenes: A review
Authors: Jung Sungmin , Zafar Ujala , Achary L. Satish Kumar , Koo Chong Min 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSurface chemistry of MXenes is of significant interest due to its potential to control their final optoelectronic and physicochemical properties, and address the oxidation and dispersion stabilities of MXenes. Surface chemistry of MXenes can be manipulated by either MXene synthesis via chemical etching or post surface functionalization method. Although numerous reviews have explored MXene synthesis methods, there has been a lack of focus on post surface functionalization. This review aims to fill this gap by summarizing recent advancements in the MXene surface functionalization chemistry, and elucidating mechanisms, properties, and future perspectives of functionalized MXenes. We discuss organic ligand molecules, such as organic salts, catechols, phosphonates, carboxylates, and silanes, which can be employed to surface‐functionalize MXene through covalent or non‐covalent bond interaction. This comprehensive review offers valuable insights for scientists and engineers in utilizing functionalized MXenes across diverse applications, including EMI shielding, energy storage, electronics, optoelectronics, and sensors.image
CSRP2 promotes cell stemness in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Meng‐Jie , Liu Jie , Wan Shu‐Cheng , Li Jia‐Xing , Wang Shuo , Fidele Nyimi Bushabu , Huang Cong‐Fa , Sun Zhi‐Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCysteine‐rich protein 2 (CSRP2) is discovered as oncogene. The study aims to investigate the clinical significance and potential mechanism of CSRP2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsCSRP2 expression was explored by immunohistochemistry tissue microarrays and Western blotting in HNSCC. The effect of CSRP2 on the cancer stemness and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HNSCC cells was investigated by sphere formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. The vitro and vivo experiments revealed that CSRP2 modulated cancer stemness and EMT phenotypes in HNSCC.ResultsCSRP2 was overexpressed in HNSCC patients and presented poor prognosis. CSRP2 knockdown inhibited the migration and invasion ability of the HNSCC cells. And CSRP2 expression was closely associated with CSCs markers, EMT‐transcription factor, new oncoprotein, and immune checkpoint.ConclusionThe overexpression of CSRP2 indicates poor prognosis and plays a key role in maintaining the cancer cell stemness and EMT.
Hydroxyurea treatment for adult sickle cell anemia patients in Kinshasa
Authors: Kabuyi Paul Lumbala , Mbayabo Gloire , Ngole Mamy , Zola Aimé Lumaka , Race Valerie , Matthijs Gert , Van Geet Chris , Tshilobo Prosper Lukusa , Devriendt Koenraad , Mikobi Tite Minga 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground: Despite a high incidence of sickle cell anemia, hydroxyurea (HU) treatment is rarely used in the DR Congo. This study aims to assess the efficacy of HU, the incidence of side effects that may limit its use in adults and to determine the dose needed for clinical improvement in patients.Methods: In a prospective study, patients received an initial dose of 15 mg/kg/day which was increased by 5 mg/kg every 6 months, up to a maximum of 30 mg/kg/day. The response and side effects to HU were evaluated biologically and clinically every 3 months during a 2‐year period.Results: Seventy adult patients with a moderate or severe clinical phenotype initiated treatment. Only minor side effects were reported. At the end of the 2‐year treatment phase, 45 (64.3%) had dropped out, of whom 33 were without a clear reason. Clinical and biological improvement was more marked during the first year. There was a reduction in severe vaso‐occlusive crises (p < 0.001), need for transfusion (p < 0.001), and hospitalization days (p = 0.038). Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels increased on average 2.9 times after 12 months (p < 0.001). The increase in mean corpuscular volume was greater in the first year (p < 0.001) than in the second year (p = 0.041). The decrease in leukocytes (p < 0.001) was significant during the first year. In 70% of patients, the 20 mg/kg/day dose was needed to reach the 20% HbF threshold.Conclusion: HU is effective and well tolerated. The magnitude of the response varies from one patient to another. Improvement of clinical manifestations is achieved in most patients with a relatively low dose. Effective implementation of HU treatment will require improved adherence to treatment.
A novel approach to quantifying surgical workflow in robotic‐assisted lobectomy
Authors: Metchik Ariana , Bhattacharyya Kiran , Yousaf Sadia , Jarc Anthony , Oh Daniel , Lazar John F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding surgical workflow is critical for optimizing efficiencies and outcomes; however, most research evaluating workflow is impacted by observer subjectivity, limiting its reproducibility, scalability, and actionability. To address this, we developed a novel approach to quantitatively describe workflow within robotic‐assisted lobectomy (RL). We demonstrate the utility of this approach by analysing features of surgical workflow that correlate with procedure duration.MethodsRL was deconstructed into 12 tasks by expert thoracic surgeons. Task start and stop times were annotated across videos of 10 upper RLs (5 right and 5 left). Markov Networks were used to estimate both the likelihood of transitioning from one task to another and each task‐transition entropy (i.e. complexity). Associations between the frequency with which each task was revisited intraoperatively and procedure duration were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.ResultsEntropy calculations identified fissure dissection and hilar node dissection as tasks with especially complex transitions, while mediastinal lymph node dissection and division of pulmonary veins were less complex. The number of transitions to three tasks significantly correlated with case duration (fissure dissection (R = 0.69, p = 0.01), dissect arteries (R = 0.59, p = 0.03), and divide arteries (R = 0.63, p = 0.03)).ConclusionThis pilot demonstrates the feasibility of objectively quantifying workflow between RL tasks and introduces entropy as a new metric of task‐transition complexity. These innovative measures of surgical workflow enable detailed characterization of a given surgery and might indicate behaviour that impacts case progression. We discuss how these measures can serve as a foundation and be combined with relevant clinical information to better understand factors influencing surgical inefficiency.
Biodegradable Mineral Plastics
Authors: Avasthi Ilesha , Lerner Harry , Grings Jonas , Gräber Carla , Schleheck David , Cölfen Helmut 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMineral plastics are a promising class of bio‐inspired materials that offer exceptional properties, like self‐heal ability, stretchability in the hydrogel state, and high hardness, toughness, transparency, and non‐flammability in the dry state along with reversible transformation into the hydrogel by addition of water. This enables easy reshape‐ability and recycling like the solubility in mild acids to subsequently form mineral plastics again by base addition. However, current mineral plastics rely on petrochemistry, are hardly biodegradable, and thus persistent in nature. This work presents the next generation of mineral plastics, which are bio‐based and biodegradable, making them a promising, new class of polymers for the development of environmentally friendly materials. Physically cross‐linked (poly)glutamic‐acid (PGlu)‐based mineral plastics are synthesized using various alcohol‐water mixtures, metal ion ratios and molecular weights. The rheological properties are easily adjusted using these parameters. The general procedure involves addition of equimolar solution of CaCl2 to PGlu in equal volumes followed by addition of iPrOH (iPrOH:H2O = 1:1) under vigorous stirring conditions. The ready biodegradability of PGlu/CaFe mineral plastic is confirmed in this study where the elements N, Ca, and Fe present in it tend to act as additional nutrients, supporting the growth of microorganisms and consequently, promoting the biodegradation process.
1‐Monopalmitin promotes lung cancer cells apoptosis through PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro
Authors: Niu Lulu , Li Wenwen , Chen Xin , Su Xiaosan , Dong Jingjing , Liao Quanyang , Zhou Xuhong , Shi Shaoqing , Sun Ruifen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide and non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 85%. Mougeotia nummuloides and Spirulina major have been reported to possess anticancer properties. 1‐Monopalmitin (1‐Mono) is the principle active constituent in these natural plants. It is debating whether 1‐Mono exerts antitumor effects. Therefore, we explored the role of 1‐Mono in lung cancer in vitro. Results showed that 1‐Mono significantly inhibited A549 and SPC‐A1 cell proliferation, induced G2/M arrest and caspase‐dependent apoptosis. Moreover, it suppressed the protein expression of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). It was further demonstrated that 1‐Mono activated the PI3K/Akt pathway, suppression of PI3K/Akt activities with LY294002 and Wortmannin partially attenuated 1‐Mono‐mediated anticancer activities, indicating that 1‐Mono‐induced antitumor effects is dependent on PI3K/Akt pathway. 1‐Mono induced cytoprotective autophagy since autophagy inhibitor Chloroquine dramatically enhanced 1‐Mono‐induced cytotoxicity. In summary, our results showed 1‐Mono kills lung cancer through PI3K/Akt pathway, providing novel options for lung cancer administration.
Social interpretation inflexibility moderates emotional reactions to social situations in children and adolescents
Authors: Gadassi Polack Reuma , Bronstein Michael V. , Questel Marcia , Edelman Audrey , Vinogradov Sophia , Kober Hedy , Joormann Jutta , Everaert Jonas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInterpretation biases and inflexibility (i.e., difficulties revising interpretations) have been linked to increased internalizing symptoms. Although adolescence is a developmental period characterized by novel social situations and increased vulnerability to internalizing disorders, no studies have examined interpretation inflexibility in adolescents. Additionally, no studies (on adolescents or adults) have examined interpretation flexibility as a protective factor against adverse outcomes of interpersonal events. Using a novel task and a 28-day diary we examined relations among interpretation bias and inflexibility, internalizing symptoms, and negative interpersonal events in a sample of children and adolescents (N = 159, ages 9–18). At baseline, negative interpretation bias was positively correlated with social anxiety symptoms, and positive interpretation bias negatively correlated with social anxiety and depressive symptoms. Inflexible positive interpretations were correlated with higher social anxiety and depressive symptoms, while inflexible negative interpretations were correlated with higher social anxiety. Finally, interpretation inflexibility moderated daily associations between negative interpersonal events and depressive symptoms in daily life, such that higher inflexibility was associated with stronger associations between interpersonal events and subsequent depressive symptoms, potentially increasing depressive symptom instability. These results suggest that interpretation biases and inflexibility may act as both risk and protective factors for adolescent anxiety and depression.
Differential Diagnosis of Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech in a Nonnative English-Speaking Patient: A Clinical Case Study
Authors: Utianski Rene L. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
This case study details the approach to differential diagnosis in characterizing a progressive communication difficulty in a nonnative English-speaking patient.

Method:
The patient is a multilingual gentleman in his late 60s with a 3-year history of progressive difficulty speaking clearly who presented for evaluation of communication difficulties. Prior to speech evaluation, he was diagnosed with stress-related speech changes by one provider, parkinsonism by another, and primary progressive aphasia by a third provider. A thorough speech and language evaluation, including a detailed case history, was conducted.

Results:
The patient described a progressive difficulty in enunciating, but not coming up with words; this was present across languages spoken. On exam, the patient exhibited phonetic predominant apraxia of speech, nonverbal oral apraxia, and no more than equivocal aphasia, yielding an overall shared speech and neurologic diagnosis of primary progressive apraxia of speech.

Conclusion:
This case demonstrates the importance of differential diagnosis of motor speech disorders and a detailed case history, particularly when speech difficulties are the first and only neurological symptom.
Can prosocial incentives and self-chosen goals improve performance? An online real-effort experiment
Authors: Cao Yu , Capra C Mónica , Su Yuxin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We study incentive schemes that combine self-chosen goals with prosocial rewards. We design a real-effort task experiment with MTurk workers. Upon achieving self-chosen goals, rewards are paid to the worker in the monetary treatments or to charities in the prosocial treatments. To explore the mechanisms whereby rewards can improve performance with prosocial incentives, we develop a theoretical model with goal dependence and earning reference points. Our results show that when rewards are paid to charities, performance improvements happen through workers setting higher goals. This effect is stronger for those whose interests are matched with the charity’s mission. Our findings have important implications for incentivizing workers in the gig economy.
Possibilities of skin coat color-dependent risks and risk factors of squamous cell carcinoma and deafness of domestic cats inferred via RNA-seq data
Authors: Awazu Akinori , Takemoto Daigo , Watanabe Kaichi , Sakamoto Naoaki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe transcriptome data of skin cells from domestic cats with brown, orange, and white coats were analyzed using a public database to investigate the possible relationship between coat color-related gene expression and squamous cell carcinoma risk, as well as the mechanism of deafness in white cats. We found that the ratio of the expression level of genes suppressing squamous cell carcinoma to that of genes promoting squamous cell carcinoma might be considerably lower than the theoretical estimation in skin cells with orange and white coats in white-spotted cat. We also found the possibility of the frequent production of KIT lacking the first exon (d1KIT) in skin cells with white coats, and d1KIT production exhibited a substantial negative correlation with the expression of SOX10, which is essential for melanocyte formation and adjustment of hearing function. Additionally, the production of d1KIT was expected to be due to the insulating activity of the feline endogenous retrovirus 1 (FERV1) LTR in the 1st intron ofKITand its CTCF binding sequence repeat. These results contribute to basic veterinary research to understand the relationship between cat skin coat and disease risk, as well as the underlying mechanism.
A Versatile Photocrosslinkable Silicone Composite for 3D Printing Applications
Authors: Alioglu Mecit Altan , Yilmaz Yasar Ozer , Gerhard Ethan Michael , Pal Vaibhav , Gupta Deepak , Rizvi Syed Hasan Askari , Ozbolat Ibrahim T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEmbedded printing has emerged as a valuable tool for fabricating complex structures and microfluidic devices. Currently, an ample of amount of research is going on to develop new materials to advance its capabilities and increase its potential applications. Here, we demonstrate a novel, transparent, 3D printable, photocrosslinkable, and tuneable silicone composite that can be utilized as a support bath or an extrudable ink for embedded printing. The proposed silicone composite can be tuned to achieve ideal rheological properties, such as optimal self-recovery and yield stress, for use in 3D printing. When used as a support bath, it facilitated the generation microfluidic devices with circular channels of diameter up to 30 µm. To demonstrate its utility, flow focusing microfluidic devices were fabricated for generation of Janus microrods, which can be easily modified for multitude of applications. When used as an extrudable ink, 3D printing of complex-shaped micro- and macro-constructs were achieved with integrated electronics, which greatly extends its potential applications towards developing complex flexible parts for soft robotics and prosthetics. Further, its biocompatibility was tested with multiple cell types to validate its applicability for medical and tissue engineering use. Altogether, this material offers a myriad of potential applications in material and medical fields by providing a facile approach to develop complicated 3D structures and interconnected channels that can further advance microfluidics and soft-robotics research.