bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of fly ash on thermal, combustion, and mechanical properties of polypropylene including intumescent flame retardant
Authors: Demiryuğuran Fatih , Usta Nazım 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, a fly ash (FA), primarily composed of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, and CaO, as a synergistic additive (1–5 wt%) was added to enhance the effectiveness of an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system (25 wt%) in polypropylene (PP). The composites were characterized by various tests to study thermal, combustion, and mechanical properties. Experimental results revealed that both IFR and IFR/FA additions led to early degradation at lower rates, with increased residual mass values. The thermal conductivity coefficient increased up to 16.9% with IFR/FA additions. While the sample containing only IFR met the UL 94 V‐0 requirements with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 30.0%, the addition of 1% and 2% FA satisfied the UL 94 V‐0 criteria with the LOI values of 32.8% and 34.9%, respectively. Cone calorimeter results indicated that IFR had significant positive impacts on the burning characteristics of PP. Furthermore, the incorporation of FA reinforced the char layer formed by IFR, thereby enhancing the fire resistances of the composites. Although the tensile strength and tensile modulus decreased with IFR addition, the Izod impact strength increased. Additionally, FA additions slightly improved the mechanical properties of PP/IFR composites.
Mandibular anatomy of the paracryptodire Glyptops ornatus supports active hunting behavior in a Jurassic turtle
Authors: Evers Serjoscha W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe mandible of turtles is rich in osteological characters that are relevant for systematic purposes. Shape variation additionally reflects upon various feeding strategies and are thus informative for the palaeoecological interpretation of extinct species based on fossils. The mandibular anatomy of non‐baenid paracryptodires has so far been undescribed. Based on digital segmentation of a computed tomography scan, I herein describe the mandible of the pleurosternid paracryptodire Glyptops ornatus. This taxon has a slender and gracile jaw, with weakly developed muscle attachment sites for adductor muscles (i.e., adductor fossa, coronoid process, and retroarticular process) and strongly reduced triturating ridges. These features are typical for suction‐feeding aquatic hunters, thereby contrasting with the robust, durophagous‐adapted mandibles of many baenid or compsemydid paracryptodires. In addition, the mandible of G. ornatus is characterized by the presence of a large splenial with a dorsal splenial–dentary contact, the presence of a splenial foramen, and the strong reduction of the foramen dentofaciale majus and the absence of a posterior intermandibular foramen.
A study on the vertebral column of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Serpentes, Natricidae) from Denizli (western Anatolia, Turkey)
Authors: Akat Çömden Esra , Yenmiş Melodi , Kytyr Daniel , Ayaz Dinçer , Bayrakci Yusuf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe vertebral anatomy of snakes has attracted the attention of researchers for decades and numerous studies have been made for extinct and extant species. The present study investigated the morphological variations in vertebral structure among different vertebral regions in the dice snake Natrix tessellata, and provides a detailed anatomical and microstructural description of the vertebral column. Vertebrae were analyzed and compared using x‐ray imaging, scanning electron microscopy, micro‐computed tomography, and histological techniques. The vertebral column of N. tessellata is divided into three regions: precloacal, cloacal, and caudal. Unlike in many other tetrapods and snakes, the atlas of N. tessellata does not form a complete ring. It has a flat and roughly trilobate shape with a prominent middle lobe. The axis has two hypapophyses. The anterior precloacal region of the vertebral column has longer and more paddle‐shaped hypapophyses, distinguishing it from the posterior and mid‐trunk vertebrae. The anterior cloacal vertebrae have a short hypapophysis rather than a hemal keel, and the lymphapophysis extends outward, curving slightly. The cotyle and condyle of the caudal vertebrae exhibited a closer resemblance to a rounded shape, while the pleurapophysis extended ventrolaterally and curved ventrally near its distal end. Paired hemapophyses were present at the posterior‐most point of the centrum instead of a hypapophysis. In light of previous fossil findings, our anatomical comparison of the vertebral and transverse processes indicates that the extant Natrix has a more flexible and less rigid spine than its ancestors. Overall, the vertebral differences among snake anatomical regions or taxa are a testament to the remarkable diversity and adaptability of these fascinating reptiles.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Diaminations of Olefins: Synthetic Methodologies and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Kumar Ravinder 
Published: September 2023

Abstract1,2‐Diamines are synthetically important motifs in organo‐catalysis, natural products, and drug research. Continuous utilization of transition‐metal based catalyst in direct 1,2‐diamination of olefines, in contrast to metal‐free transformations, with numerous impressive advances made in recent years (2015–2023). This review summarized contemporary research on the transition‐metal catalyzed/mediated [e. g., Cu(II), Pd(II), Fe(II), Rh(III), Ir(III), and Co(II)] 1,2‐diamination (asymmetric and non‐asymmetric) especially emphasizing the recent synthetic methodologies and mechanistic understandings. Moreover, up‐to‐date discussion on (i) paramount role of oxidant and catalyst (ii) key achievements (iii) generality and uniqueness, (iv) synthetic limitations or future challenges, and (v) future opportunities are summarized related to this potential area.
Utility of the food colorant erythrosine B as an effective green probe for quantitation of the anticancer sunitinib. Application to pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma
Authors: El Sharkasy Mona E. , Tolba Manar M. , Belal Fathalla , Walash Mohamed I. , AboShabana Rasha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. In this study, two spectroscopic methods, spectrofluorometric and spectrophotometric, were utilized to quantify sunitinib in different matrices. In method I, the native fluorescence of erythrosine B was quenched by forming ion‐pair complex with increasing quantities of sunitinib. This approach was utilized for measuring sunitinib in its dosage forms and spiked plasma. After excitation at 528 nm, the quenching of fluorescence is linearly related to the concentration across the range of 0.05–0.5 μg mL−1 at 550 nm in Britton–Robinson buffer (pH 4.0), with a correlation value of 0.9999 and a high level of sensitivity with detection limit down to 10 ng mL−1. Method II relies on spectrophotometric measurements of the produced complex at 550 nm across a range of 0.5–10.0 μg mL−1, with good correlation value of 0.9999. This method has a detection limit down to 0.16 μg mL−1. The proposed methodologies were validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines with satisfactory results. The stoichiometry of the reaction was determined through the application of Job's method, while the mechanism of quenching was investigated by employing the Stern–Volmer plot. The designated methods were used to estimate sunitinib in its capsules and in spiked human plasma. Additionally, the statistical analysis of the data revealed no substantial differences when compared to previous reported spectroscopic method. Green assessment tools provide further details about the eco‐friendly nature of the methods.
On‐column capping of poly dT media‐tethered mRNA accomplishes high capping efficiency, enhanced mRNA recovery, and improved stability against RNase
Authors: Che Shiyi , Feng Xue , Li Zhengjun , Su Zhiguo , Ma Guanghui , Li Zhikao , Yu Aibing , Liu Minsu , Zhang Songping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe messenger RNA (mRNA) 5′‐cap structure is indispensable for mRNA translation initiation and stability. Despite its importance, large‐scale production of capped mRNA through in vitro transcription (IVT) synthesis using vaccinia capping enzyme (VCE) is challenging, due to the requirement of tedious and multiple pre‐and‐post separation steps causing mRNA loss and degradation. Here in the present study, we found that the VCE together with 2′‐O‐methyltransferase can efficiently catalyze the capping of poly dT media‐tethered mRNA to produce mRNA with cap‐1 structure under an optimized condition. We have therefore designed an integrated purification and solid‐based capping protocol, which involved capturing the mRNA from the IVT system by using poly dT media through its affinity binding for 3′‐end poly‐A in mRNA, in situ capping of mRNA 5′‐end by supplying the enzymes, and subsequent eluting of the capped mRNA from the poly dT media. Using mRNA encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein as a model system, we have demonstrated that the new strategy greatly simplified the mRNA manufacturing process and improved its overall recovery without sacrificing the capping efficiency, as compared with the conventional process, which involved at least mRNA preseparation from IVT, solution‐based capping, and post‐separation and recovering steps. Specifically, the new process accomplished a 1.76‐fold (84.21% over 47.79%) increase in mRNA overall recovery, a twofold decrease in operation time (70 vs. 140 min), and similar high capping efficiency (both close to 100%). Furthermore, the solid‐based capping process greatly improved mRNA stability, such that the integrity of the mRNA could be well kept during the capping process even in the presence of exogenously added RNase; in contrast, mRNA in the solution‐based capping process degraded almost completely. Meanwhile, we showed that such a strategy can be operated both in a batch mode and in an on‐column continuous mode. The results presented in this work demonstrated that the new on‐column capping process developed here can accomplish high capping efficiency, enhanced mRNA recovery, and improved stability against RNase; therefore, can act as a simple, efficient, and cost‐effective platform technology suitable for large‐scale production of capped mRNA.
Pulvinar quantitative susceptibility mapping predicts visual hallucinations post‐deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Matsuura Keita , Ii Yuichiro , Maeda Masayuki , Tabei Ken‐ichi , Satoh Masayuki , Umino Maki , Kajikawa Hiroyuki , Araki Tommohiro , Nakamura Naoko , Matsuyama Hirofumi , Shindo Akihiro , Tomimoto Hidekazu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeWe have reported the relationship between low pulvinar nuclei (PN) intensity in susceptibility‐weighted imaging and the appearance of visual hallucinations and cognitive function. The aim of the study was to examine the changes in the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who underwent deep brain stimulation (DBS) and verify whether the PN susceptibility value (SV) on QSM can predict visual hallucination and cognitive changes after DBS.MethodsThis study examined 24 patients with PD who underwent DBS along with QSM imaging on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All MRIs were performed within 3 months before surgery. The PN SV was further assessed based on the QSM. Then, associations were examined among cognitive changes, hallucination, and PN SV. The cognitive function of the patient was compared immediately before surgery and at 1 year postoperatively.ResultsVisual hallucinations were observed in seven patients during the follow‐up period. The PN SV was ≥0.045 ppm in nine patients with PD, and six of them had visual hallucinations, whereas only one of 15 patients with PD with SV of <0.045 ppm had visual hallucinations (Fisher's exact test, p = .0037).ConclusionsThe SV of >0.045 ppm at the PN in QSM in patients with PD may provide useful information suggesting visual hallucination and cognitive deterioration after DBS treatment.
Firm innovation as a business strategy of CEO power: Does national culture matter?
Authors: Pucheta‐Martínez María Consuelo , Gallego‐Álvarez Isabel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe influence of chief executive officer (CEO) power on innovation has only briefly been the subject of study thus far creating a need for further exploration. The purpose of this research is to provide more evidence of the impact of CEO power on innovation as a business strategy. We also address the moderating effect that national culture has on the relationship between CEO power and innovation. The Thomson Reuters database provided the data for this research. The cohort of firms represents different countries, specifically, a sample of firms from 37 countries. To estimate the model, we used the generalised method of moments (GMM) procedure, an estimator that allows the researcher to control for unobservable heterogeneity and endogeneity. GMM also attenuates estimation bias. Our findings reveal that CEO power has a positive effect on innovation. In turn, the dimensions of national culture used here do not have the same moderating effect on the relationship between CEO power and innovation. Power distance and uncertainty avoidance negatively moderate the positive association between CEO power and innovation; individualism and indulgence reinforce the positive effect of CEO power on innovation; masculinity and long‐term orientation do not affect the relationship.
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor maintains antitumor activity of liver resident natural killer cells after partial hepatectomy in C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Sato Koki , Ohira Masahiro , Imaoka Yuki , Imaoka Kouki , Bekki Tomoaki , Doskali Marlen , Nakano Ryosuke , Yano Takuya , Tanaka Yuka , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLiver‐resident natural killer (lr‐NK) cells are distinct from conventional NK cells and exhibit higher cytotoxicity against hepatoma via tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL). However, the mechanism by which partial hepatectomy (PH) significantly suppresses TRAIL expression in lr‐NK cells remains unclear.MethodsThis study aimed to investigate the PH influence on the function and characteristics of liver‐resident NK (lr‐NK) cells using a PH mouse model.ResultsHere, we report that PH alters the differentiation pattern of NK cells in the liver, and an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) molecule is involved in these changes. Treatment with the AhR agonist 6‐formylindolo[3,2‐b]carbazole (FICZ) inhibited the maturation of NK cells. FICZ increased the immature subtype proportion of NK cells with high TRAIL activity and decreased the mature subtype of NK cells with low TRAIL activity. Consequently, FICZ increased the expression of TRAIL and cytotoxic activity of NK cells in the liver, and this effect was confirmed even after hepatectomy. The participation of AhR promoted FoxO1 expression in the mTOR signaling pathway involved in the maturation of NK cells, resulting in TRAIL expression.ConclusionOur findings provide direct in‐vivo evidence that partial hepatectomy affects lrNK cell activity through NK cell differentiation in the liver. Perioperative therapies using an AhR agonist to improve NK cell function may reduce the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy.
Chinese students' attitudes towards US universities in the US–China conflict
Authors: Li Yuqian , Dai Shu , Zhou Xiaoguang , He Kaipeng , Sun Xinyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobalization has been the catalyst of world economic development in the past decades. However, the phenomenon has recently been severely challenged by a wave of deglobalization. Within this new trend, the conflict between the United States (US) and China has attracted the attention of scholars from various fields because of the two countries' significance in the world economy. In this study, we focus on the higher education sector, which is highly relevant to globalization, and explore the factors that may affect Chinese college students' attitudes towards US universities, including country image, cultural openness, consumer animosity and perceived quality. In particular, we distinguish between cognitive and affective animosity and test their different impacts on students' attitudes. The results show that students' perception of the US's image positively influences attitudes towards the country's universities thanks to the mediation of perceived quality. Moreover, cultural openness and cognitive animosity are positively related to attitudes, whereas affective animosity exerts a negative impact on attitudes. The implications and limitations of this study are also discussed.
Neuromarketing and consumer behavior: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Kajla Tanveer , Raj Sahil , Kansra Pooja , Gupta S. L. , Singh Nripendra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNeuromarketing is the field of studying neural signals to comprehend consumer behavior, which can help improve marketing strategies. In the recent past, scholars have conducted research to enhance the conceptual understanding of neuromarketing by applying bibliometric analysis. However, most studies either had a myopic view or considered a few articles. As a result, existing literature fails to provide a nuanced understanding of neuromarketing. The present research addresses this lacuna using a bibliometric analysis of 383 research articles across different domains from the Scopus database. The research covers the most influential authors, articles, top journals, most prominent countries, and institutions in the neuromarketing field. Next, keyword co‐occurrence analysis reveals major themes such as decision‐making in consumers, marketing and consumer behavior, advertisement, non‐invasive techniques in advertisement effectiveness, ERP and brand extension, brand and fMRI. Finally, analyzing the six thematic areas gives valuable insights into the current research. The study also provides research areas for future researchers by identifying the gaps in the present thematic areas.
Study of the Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Wound Healing Properties of Raw Hydrolyzed Extract from Nile Tilapia Skin (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Tozetto Rodrigo , Santos Rocha Beatriz , Assis de Andrade Evelyn , Stolz Cruz Luiza , da Rosa Rosana Letícia , Machinski Isadora , Lemos de Oliveira Évelin , Borges Monteiro Jessica Raquel , Koga Adriana Yuriko , Cavalcante Lipinski Leandro , Meurer Eduardo César , Kitagawa Rodrigo Rezende , Beltrame Flávio Luís 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) skin is a by‐product of Brazilian fish farming, rich in collagen. The present study aims to evaluate the wound healing, antioxidant, and antimicrobial potential of the raw hydrolyzed extract of Nile tilapia skin, as well as the identification of the main compounds. The in vitro activity was performed using antioxidant, antimicrobial and scratch wound healing assays. An in vivo experiment was performed to evaluate the wound healing potential. On days 1, 7, 14 and 21, the lesions were photographed to assess wound retraction and on the 7th, 14th and 21st days the skins were removed for histological evaluation and the blood of the animals was collected for glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase determination. The chemical study was carried out through liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry and de novo sequencing of peptides. The in vitro assays showed a reduction of the gap area in 24 h, dose‐dependent antimicrobial activity for both bacteria, and antioxidant activity. The chemical analysis highlighted the presence of active biopeptides. The histological evaluation showed that the raw hydrolyzed extract of Nile tilapia skin has a healing potential, and does not present toxicological effects; therefore, is promising for the treatment of wounds.
In Silico and in Vitro Biological Evaluation of Novel Serial Sulfonate Derivatives on Pancreatic Lipase Activity
Authors: Yetişsin Fuat , Korkmaz Adem , Kaya Esin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe novel benzothiazole sulfonate hybrid derivatives containing azomethine group were synthesized and characterized using 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and HR‐MS analysis. The potential enzyme inhibition activities against pancreatic lipase of the novel benzothiazole sulfonate hybrid derivatives containing azomethine group were screened with in vitro and in silico methods. IC50 values of compounds 5 b (23.89 μM), 5 i (28.87 μM), and 5 f (30.13±4.32) were found to be more effective pancreatic lipase inhibitors than orlistat (57.75 μM) in vitro studies. Also, the binding affinities of compounds 5 b (−8.7 kcal/mol), 5 i (−8.6 kcal/mol), and 5 f (−8.9 kcal/mol) were found potential inhibitors for pancreatic lipase in silico studies. In addition, the absorption distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties (ADME), molecular properties, toxicity estimation, and bioactivity scores of the synthesized compounds were scanned. It was found to have the ability to cross the brain‐blood barrier for compounds 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, and 5 d. All compounds were calculated to be taken orally as drugs, suitable for absorption in the intestinal tract and not carcinogenic, as well as very strongly bound to plasma proteins. Finally, compound 5 f was observed to be the best inhibitor for pancreatic lipase according to in vitro and in silico studies.
Quasi‐Diamond Platelet‐Shaped Zinc Oxide Nanostructures Display Enhanced Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Araiza‐Campos Aurora , Herrera‐Pérez Guillermo , Salas‐Leiva Joan S. , Chávez‐Beltrán de Río Margarita , Aguirre‐Hernández Alejandro , Luna‐Velasco Antonia , Salas‐Leiva Dayana , Campos‐Chávez Eduardo , Tovar‐Ramírez Dariel , Romo‐Chacón Alejandro , Orrantia‐Borunda Erasmo , Paraguay‐Delgado Francisco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current study compares the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanostructures (neZnO). For this purpose, two bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (ATCC 4157) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) were challenged in room light conditions with the aforementioned materials. Colloidal and hydrothermal methods were used to obtain the quasi‐round and quasi‐diamond platelet‐shape nanostructures. Thus, the oxygen vacancy (VO) effects on the surface of neZnO are also considered to assess its effects on antibacterial activity. The neZnO characterization was achieved by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), a selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and Raman spectroscopy. The microstructural effects were monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, optical absorption ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry (UV‐Vis) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses complement the physical characterization of these nanostructures; neZnO caused 50 % inhibition (IC50) at concentrations from 0.064 to 0.072 mg/mL for S. aureus and from 0.083 to 0.104 mg/mL for E. coli, indicating an increase in activity against S. aureus compared to E. coli. Consequently, quasi‐diamond platelet‐shaped nanostructures (average particle size of 377.6±10 nm) showed enhanced antibacterial activity compared to quasi‐round agglomerated particles (average size of 442.8±12 nm), regardless of Vo presence or absence.