bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species diversity and major host–substrate associations of the genus Akanthomyces
Authors: Wang Yao , Wang Zhi-Qin , Luo Run , Souvanhnachit Sisommay , Thanarut Chinnapan , Dao Van-Minh , Yu Hong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Akanthomyces, a group of fungi with rich morphological and ecological diversity in Cordycipitaceae (Ascomycota, Hypocreales), has a wide distribution among diverse habitats. By surveying arthropod-pathogenic fungi in China and Southeast Asia over the last six years, nine Akanthomyces spp. were found and identified. Four of these were new species, and they were named A. kunmingensis and A. subaraneicola from China, A. laosensis from Laos, and A. pseudonoctuidarum from Thailand, and they were described and illustrated according to the morphological characteristics and molecular data. Akanthomyces araneogenus, which is isolated from spiders from different regions in China, Thailand, and Vietnam, is described as a newly recorded species from Thailand and Vietnam. The phylogenetic positions of the nine species were evaluated based on phylogenetic inferences according to five loci, namely, ITS, nrLSU, TEF, RPB1, and RPB2. In this study, we reviewed the research progress achieved for Akanthomyces regarding its taxonomy, species diversity, geographic distribution, and major host–substrate associations. The morphological characteristics of 35 species in Akanthomyces, including four novel species and 31 known taxa, were also compared.
The alleviative remedy effect of Dates’ fruit consumption on severity symptoms of Autism spectrum disorder: A randomized controlled three-month trial
Authors: Metwally Ammal M. , Raouf Ehab R. Abdel , Elsaied Amal , Ashaat Engy A. , El-Saied Mostafa M. , Abdel-Latif Ghada A. , El-Din Ebtissam M. Salah , El-Sonbaty Marwa M. , Hashish Adel F. , Mehanna Nayra Sh. , Swailem Saleh M. Al , Attia Hanaa R. M. , Mahmoud Walaa S. , Naga Maie M. , Fathy Asmaa M. , Ibrahim Nihad A. , El-Sonbaty Mohamed M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aim
To investigate the effectiveness of a 90-day regular consumption of Dates fruit on alleviating autism severity symptoms in 131 Egyptian children aged 3–12 years with confirmed Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The influence of the baseline and improvement of children’s clinical and laboratory characteristics on this effectiveness was explored.
Methodology
This study involved a randomized, controlled, double-blind 3-month of dates fruit intake. Cases were randomized into one of the three groups; Group I on 3 pieces of dates’ fruit/day (47 children), Group II on 5 pieces of dates’ fruits/day (42 children), and group III; on non-dates group (42 children). The probiotic levels of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in stool, blood levels of three oxidative markers; Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), adaptive behaviors, nutrition, dietary assessment, and anthropometric measurements were assessed before and after the intervention.
Results
A significant reduction in the mean severity score of CARS (Childhood Autism Rating Scale) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Ed (DSM-5) was detected for those on dates’ regimens compared to those with non-dates (p < 0.01). The improvement for participants was dose dependent (5 dates’ fruits/day). The improvement was mainly in the social communication and interaction domains. Responders to Dates’ fruit intake as based on DSM-5 diagnosis was detected among 62.9% of the intervention groups. Responders are those who showed significant improvement in the colony counts of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli levels, BMI z score, and in the ratio levels of both MDA/SOD and MDA/GPX as a result of dates fruit consumption. Non-responders within the intervention groups are those who were at risk of malnutrition (RR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.4), obese (RR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0-3.5), and those who had a deficiency of the baseline of lactobacillus Spp (RR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.4).
Conclusion
Dates’ fruit (a non-pharmacological and risk-free option) due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effect is recommended for autistic children as adjuvant therapy daily to achieve consistent improvement.
This study was registered at the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov) # NCT04261595, with Protocol ID: 12060158, the first registration date was 10/02/2020.
Disentangling the spatial and preferential aspects in the value realization of the spatially sensitive ecosystem service
Authors: Xu Liyan , Huang Keqing , Yin Hang , Ning Jing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Context The value realization of the ecosystem services (ES) with directional ecosystem service flows (ESF) is sensitive to the way ES supply and demand are spatially coupled, of which the nature of the propagation dynamics of ESFs and the mechanisms of effective demand generation remain to be clarified.Objectives The paper focuses on a typical directionally flowed urban ES, the park-recreational service, and proposes a formal model for analyzing its ES value realization mechanism, which discerns the ES value contribution of distance-decaying ES supply from the that of the demand-side factors. A cellular big-data supported empirical study conducted in Ningbo, China is conducted as a case illustrating the application of the model.Methods Statistical physical analysis on people’s park visitation behavior is performed to uncover the distance decay patterns of recreational ESF propagation. Further, with the conceptualization of the ES-consuming propensity, which captures the demand-side factors influencing effective ES demand generation including population demographics, socio-economic status, and urban place semantics, we construct spatial regression models that explain these factors’ contributions in ES value realization.Results The statistical physical analysis reveals both universality and park type-specific idiosyncrasies in the ESF distance decay patterns, corroborating the findings in previous studies. The spatial regression models yield up to 80% explanatory power, and results show that the ES-consuming propensity accounts for one quarter of the variation of realized ES value, with endogenous factors dominating effective ES demand generation while exogenous factors less influential.
Safety and vulnerability status of critical infrastructures against natural and man-made disasters: a case study of teaching hospitals, Kerman, Iran
Authors: Nekoei-Moghadam Mahmood , Moradi Seyed Mobin , Abbasnejad Ahmad , Abbasnejad Behzad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionInfrastructures guarantee the continuity of services and society’s life, and any damage to them can have disastrous consequences for the affected society. Healthcare facilities, and hospitals in particular, are the most important infrastructures in a society. Considering the role of hospitals in disaster management, the present study was designed and implemented to investigate the safety and vulnerability status of teaching hospitals as critical infrastructures.Material and MethodThe current cross-sectional and descriptive research was conducted in 2022 in Kerman, Iran. In this study, the 2015 version of the Hospital Safety Index (HSI) prepared by WHO/PAHO was used. The HSI calculator designed by the World Health Organization was used to calculate the safety and vulnerability index.FindingsHospital A was in average safety status (B) with a safety score of 0.57. In hospital B, The final safety score was 0.71, which is generally classified as safe (A). The final hospital safety score in hospital C was 0.50, which places it in a generally average safety status (B). Hospital D was in an unsafe condition (C) with a safety score of 0.33.ConclusionDisruption of the performance of any infrastructure can affect the performance of others. Therefore, paying special attention to infrastructure safety in any society, whether developed or developing, is one of the most important governance issues. Important point in infrastructure safety is the necessity of designing decentralized retrofitting and safety programs. If retrofitting programs are designed in a centralized manner, the result will be a waste of resources.
CD8 T cell count was not associated with the severity of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Qi Min , Xiang Xi , Liu Quan-Xian , Tang Dao-Yan , He Jian-Qing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purposes: Tuberculosis is still a global health threat, among those, severe pulmonary tuberculosis causes significant mortality. CD8 T cell plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. However, the association between CD8 T cell count and the severity of pulmonary TB (PTB) has not been evaluated.
Methods: Patients admitted to a tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 and diagnosed as PTB with T cell subtypes tested were screened for recruitment. We compared the demographics and clinical manifestations between severe PTB patients and non-severe PTB patients, then analyzed the independent risk factors related to severe PTB after adjusting covariates.
Results: There were 279 patients enrolled for analysis, 180 were severe PTB (64.5%) and 99 were non-severe PTB (35.5%). Through univariate and multivariate analysis, lung cavity (aOR 4.631, 95% CI [1.798-12.853], P= 0.002) and albumin (aOR 0.952,95% CI [0.905-1.000], P=0.05) were associated severe PTB. While CD4 T cell count (aOR 1.00,95% CI [0.999-1.001], P=0.794), CD8 T cell count (aOR 1.00,95% CI [0.999-1.001], P=0.973), and lymphocyte (aOR 0.82,95% CI [0.389-1.774], P=0.603) were not associated with severe PTB.
Conclusions: Lung cavity and lower albumin level were related with an increased risk of severe PTB, while CD4, CD8 T cells count and lymphocytes were not with the severity of PTB. May be not the count, but the function of T cells plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis.
A New Concept in Our Relationship with Time:Time Appropriation
Authors: Karasu Mehmet , Cesur Sevim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the dimensions and processes of time appropriation as a new concept. The sample of the study consists of 15 participants (Female = 7; Male = 8) in Van, Turkey reached by criterion and snowball sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were analyzed through template analysis. Time appropriation is addressed in terms of recurrent time units and time zones. The results show that the process of time appropriation consists of dimensions of identification, meaning, emotion, ownership, transformativeness, sociability, and physical environment. The appropriation process involves high identification with the appropriating time, special-unique meanings, satisfying and generally positive emotions. Participants have a high degree of ownership of the time periods they appropriate time and experience more individual control over these time periods. In addition, participants are able to psychologically renew and transform themselves through these time periods. These psychological processes in the appropriating time take place in specific social and physical environments. We understand that the social and physical environments in the appropriating time consisted of social circles and environments where the participants felt free, safe and comfortable, and with which they established strong bonds. We discuss “time appropriation” as a new concept from a social-psychological perspective in this study.
Physico-chemical and antifungal properties of the paste containing the probiotic for temporary root canal filling
Authors: Khachatryan Zhanna , Hambardzumyan Sona , Tatintsyan Lyudmila , Hakobyan Gagik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study evaluated some physical-chemical properties of pastes for temporary filling of canals on the base of oxide zinc with eugenol and antimycotic supplements (nystatin, fluconazole, “Narine”- Lactobacillus acidophilus Er-2 strain 317/402).
Material and Methods
To evaluate the Physicochemical and antifungal properties, we studied of the time of hardening, surface structure of the hardened paste, disintegration, acidity degree (pH). In order to identify the antifungal effectiveness of the proposed paste, we compared it with other pastes, nystatin - ZnO2 (2:4), fluconazole + ZnO2 (2:4), lactobacillus lactic acid bacteria concentrate + ZnO2 (2:4), lactobacillus acidophilicus + eugenol + ZnO2 (1:1:4), nystatin + eugenol + ZnO2 (1:1:4), fluconazole + eugenol + ZnO2 (1:1:4).
Results
When studying the surface structure in pastes with acidophilic lactobacilli, microdispersed particles with a size of 1.5-5x8-15 microns were revealed; in samples of the paste with nystatin and fluconazole, macro (80 µm) and aggregated particles (70–80 µm) were detected. Lactic Acid Bacteria Concentrate + Eugenol + ZnO2 (1:1:4) provides an antifungal zone of 18.4 mm on Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout (ATCC® 10231™) and 14.1 mm on Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout (ATCC ®) 2091™). Studies prove antifungal effectiveness, bioavailability, and no toxicity of the proposed paste.
Conclusion
Paste based on zinc oxide and eugenol with antimycotic supplements (nystatin, fluconazole, “Narine”- Lactobacillus acidophilus Er-2 strain 317/402).)by their physical-chemical properties (hardening time, disintegration, superficial structure and acidity degree) are promising for use in temporary filling of canals. Despite promising
Tescalcin knockdown inhibits osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Dong , Piao Longhuan , Qin Sen , Liu Shuai , Wang Guangbin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have the functions of self-renew and differentiating into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes, which are regarded as one of the greatest bioscientific achievements in the regenerative medicine field. Tescalcin (TESC), an EF-hand Ca2+binding protein, plays a vital role in cell proliferation and differentiation. However, what the role of TESC in BMSCs still is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the functions. Methods Adenovirus was constructed to decrease the expression of TESC. BML-284 was used to active Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. qRT-PCR and western blot was used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein levels. ALP staining and activity were used to detect the change of ALP. ARS staining and quantitative analysis were used to determine the mineralization capacity. Immunofluorescence was used to show the expression of protein. Results Firstly, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of TESC was increased during the osteogenic differentiation. Next, we determined that TESC knockdown inhibited the expression of osteogenic-related genes and decreased the capacity of mineralization. Then, we found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling was inhibited after TESC Knockdown by detecting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related protein expression. Afterwards, BML-284 was demonstrated to active Wnt/β-catenin signaling successfully and utilized to rescue the negative osteogenic differentiation of TESC knockdown. Conclusion In summary, our study indicated that TESC knockdown inhibited osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. We supposed that TESC acted in the progress of osteogenic differentiation as a key regulator. We provided a new target for the application of BMSCs in regenerative medicine.
Resorbable Barrier Polymers for Flexible Bioelectronics
Authors: McDonald Samantha , Yang Quansan , Hsu Yen-Hao , Nikam Shantanu , Hu Ziying , Wang Zilu , Asheghali Darya , Yen Tiffany , Dobrynin Andrey , Rogers John , Becker Matthew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Resorbable, implantable bioelectronic devices are emerging as powerful tools to reliably monitor critical physiological parameters in real time over extended periods. While degradable magnesium-based electronics have pioneered this effort, relatively short functional lifetimes have slowed clinical translation. Barrier films that are both flexible and resorbable over predictable timelines would enable tunability in device lifetime and expand the viability of these devices. Herein, we present a library of stereocontrolled succinate-based copolyesters which leverage copolymer composition and processing method to afford tunability over thermomechanical, crystalline, and barrier properties. One copolymer composition within this library has extended the functional lifetime of transient bioelectronic prototypes in vivo over existing systems by several weeks – representing a considerable step towards translational devices.
Spatial-temporal dynamics of structural unemployment in declining coal mining regions and potentialities of the ‘just transition’
Authors: Mark Ebba , Rafaty Ryan , Schwarz Moritz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A rapid decarbonisation of the United States economy is expected to disproportionately impact regions historically embedded in domestic fossil fuel production. For decades, social scientists have documented the economic and human toll of deindustrialisation, foreshadowing the transitional risks that these regions may face amidst decarbonisation. However, econometric studies evaluating the magnitude, duration, and spatial distribution of unemployment impacts in declining mining regions remain scarce, despite their pertinence to policymaking. Therefore, using econometric estimation methods that control for unobserved heterogeneity via two-way fixed effects, spatial effects, heterogeneous time trends, and grouped fixed effects for a panel of 3,072 US counties covering 2002-2019, we demonstrate that mine closures induce a contemporaneous rise in county unemployment rate with spatial ripple effects. Furthermore, we build a novel typology of coal counties based on qualities theorised to be resilient to industrial decline. Our findings suggest the significant potential of investing in alternative sectors in localities with promising levels of economic diversity, retraining job seekers, providing relocation support in rural areas, and subsidising childcare in places with low female labour force participation.
Low transthyretin concentration linked to adverse prognosis in elderly inpatients
Authors: Wang Ting , Yang Zhi-kai , Wan Yu-hao , Chai Ke , Li Ying-ying , Luo Yao , Zeng Min , Sun Ning , Zou Song , Wang Hua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between low transthyretin concentration and mortality or readmission for all causes in elderly inpatients.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted from September 2018 to April 2019 in ten wards of three tertiary referral hospitals in Beijing. Patients aged 65 years or older were enrolled, and their clinical data, laboratory test results, and auxiliary test results for patients were collected. A three-year follow-up was conducted with patients. Based on the 5th and 95th percentiles of transthyretin concentration, patients were split into three groups. The correlation between transthyretin concentration and the outcome of elderly hospitalized patients was investigated. The primary outcome of the research was death or readmission from all causes within three years.
Results: Of 636 individuals in the study, 335 (52.7%) were males, and the median age (interquartile range [IQR]) was 74.7(69.3,80.1) years. 363 individuals (57.0%) had all-cause death or readmission events during a median follow-up of 1099.00( IQR:1016.25,1135.00) days. Transthyretin concentration at or below the 5th percentile increased the risk of all-cause mortality or readmission than patients with between the 5th to 95th percentiles transthyretin concentration (hazard ratio:2.25; 95% confidence interval:1.55-3.26). The results indicated that elderly inpatients with low transthyretin concentration were at risk of poor outcomes. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, low transthyretin concentration remained an independent risk factor of poor prognosis in elderly inpatients(hazard ratio:1.62; 95% confidence interval:1.01-2.59).
Conclusions: Elderly inpatients with low transthyretin concentrations have an increased all-cause mortality or readmission.
Production Scheduling on Heterogeneous Computing Environment Using Modified GRASP
Authors: kafafy ahmed , saad abla , Abd-El-Raof osama 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Heterogeneous computing environment refers to the use of multiple computing Sockets with different capabilities or characteristics in a parallel computing system. The production of task scheduling is one of the key issues with heterogeneous computing systems. This production of task scheduling problem desires to map tasks to heterogeneous machines in a way that will optimize the system's overall performance, such as minimization the schedule length of execution time. Because the task scheduling problem is NP-hard, intelligent algorithms are used to solve it, allowing us to achieve at a somewhat optimal result. To handle task scheduling in heterogeneous computing systems, this work adopted two algorithms one of them is a Greedy Randomized-based Simulated Annealing algorithm and the other is a GRASP-based Tabu Search algorithm. Additionally, greedy initial solutions with relatively optimized have taken the place of the random starting population. To enhance the capabilities of the Simulated Annealing or Tabu search Algorithm, the random initial solution has also been replaced by greedy initial solution with relatively optimal solutions. Results from testing the proposed approach on random graphs and graphs from real-world applications in heterogeneous computing systems with a variety of features showed that GRASP based Tabu Search was significantly more efficient than GRASP based Simulated annealing and the two algorithms more efficient than previous scheduling algorithms.
Come Back When You’re Sick: Pharmacy Discretion and Access to Preventive Services in an Arizona Secret Shopper Study, 2023
Authors: Russell Danielle Marie , Meyerson Beth E. , Mahoney Arlene , Garnett Irene , Farrell Chris , Newgass Kylee , Agley Jon D. , Crosby Richard A. , Bentele Keith G. , Vadiei Nina , Frank David , Linde-Krieger Linnea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Pharmacies are critical healthcare partners in community efforts to eliminate bloodborne illnesses. Pharmacy sale of sterile syringes is central to this effort.Methods A “secret shopper” syringe purchase study was conducted in the fall of 2022 with 38 community pharmacies in Maricopa and Pima Counties, Arizona. Pharmacies were geomapped to within 2 miles of drug copping/use areas. Daytime venue sampling was used whereby three separate investigators with lived/living drug use experience attempted to purchase syringes without a prescription. Investigator response when prompted for purchase rationale was “to protect myself from HIV and hepatitis C.” A 24-item instrument measured sales outcome, pharmacy staff interaction (neutral/positive/hostile), and the buyer’s subjective experience.Results Only 24.6% (n = 28) of 114 purchase attempts across the 38 pharmacies resulted in syringe sale. Less than one quarter (21.1%) of pharmacies always sold while 44.7% never sold. Independent and food store pharmacies tended not to sell syringes. There emerged distinct pharmacy staff interactions characterized by body language, customer query, normalization or othering, response to purchase request and closure. Pharmacy discretion and pharmacy policy not to sell syringes without a prescription limited sterile syringe access. Investigators reported frequent and adverse emotional impact due to pharmacy staff negative and stigmatizing interactions.Conclusions Pharmacies miss opportunities to advance efforts to eliminate bloodborne infections by stringent no-sale policy and discretion about syringe sale. Regulatory policy focused on retail pharmacy syringe sale and use of pharmacy discretion is likely necessary to achieve public health goals of elimination of bloodborne infections in Arizona.