bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The complete chloroplast genome of Inula britannica and the phylogeny and evolution of the genus Inula
Authors: Yuan Lichai , Ni Yang , Li Jingling , Yang Heyu , Yue Jingwen , Zhang Xinyi , Chen Haimei , Liu Chang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Inula britannica
is an important medicinal plant of Asteraceae. Its dry capitulum has been used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which had the functions of treating edemas, reduction in nausea, and preventing vomiting. There have not been many chloroplast genome studies.
Methods and results
we de novo assembly of the complete chloroplast genome of I. britannica. The genome was characterized and compared with the other five Inula species. The chloroplast genome of I. Britannica was 150,774 bp long. It showed a typical quadripartite structure, containing a large single-copy region, a small single-copy region, and a pair of inverted repeat regions, which were 82,451 bp, 18,423 bp, and 24,950 bp long, respectively. It encoded 109 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, four rRNA genes, and 26 tRNA genes. Forty-nine long repetitive sequences and 69 simple sequence repeats were identified in the I. britannica chloroplast genome. We detected 14 hypervariable regions and identified six pairs of genus-specific DNA markers, which could differentiate congeneric species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that I. britannica was closely related to I. janopinca and I. linariifolia. Ancestral character state reconstruction indicated transitions from long spur to other petal types in Inula. Results from divergence time analysis showed that Inula diversified in the late Pliocene (~ 3.245 Mya).
Conclusion
In this study, we sequenced and assembled the chloroplast genome of I. Britannica. Phylogenomic analysis has identified species closely related to I. britannica, which will help determine its evolutionary relationships and taxonomic status.
Pollutant reduction analysis of a comprehensive utilization model of straw: A case study ofHenan, China
Authors: Gao Hengfei , Su Fangcheng , Zhang Yunpeng , Xu Qixiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As a traditional agricultural country, China’s biomass energy sources account for a significant proportion of national energy consumption. Henan Province, a major agricultural province in China, produces a large amount of agroforestry biomass with the straw as the primary type every year. Due to the technological backward in rural areas, there are frequent agroforestry biomass direct burning activities (both open and residential), which not only wastes biomass resources but also produces large quantities of unorganized emissions of air pollutants that have adverse impacts on human health and air quality. In this study, the environmental impact of open burning of straw plus residential combustion of straw and firewood in Henan Province during the 2016 crop harvest period was investigated by emission inventories method and the numerical simulation by source-orientated air quality model system. The results showed that the monthly average of primary particulate matter emissions contribution from open burning of straw and residential combustion of straw and firewood in Henan province accounted for about 2.24% and 1.61% of the total amount of primary particulate matter generated by pollutant emission sources in Henan Province during the crop harvest period, respectively. A control scenario was designed based on national and local policies and regulations, in which straws used for cooking in rural areas were uniformly replaced by biogas, and straw burned in the open field in farmland was replaced in proportion to biomass briquette fuel. This control scenario leaded to significant reduction in emission intensities of SO2, PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2 and VOCs throughout the year. Air quality results showed that in control scenarios, it was effective in reducing atmospheric particulate matter concentrations, while the impacts on SO2, CO, NO2, NH3, and O3 were negligible. The results of this study provided scientific guidance for the relevant biomass energy policy and related emission reduction strategies in Henan Province.
Binge-eating adolescent treatment (BEAT): Preliminary findings on efficacy and acceptance of a blended treatment program for youth with Loss of Control Eating: A within-subject waitlist control design.
Authors: Forrer Felicitas , Rubo Marius , Meyer Andrea H. , Munsch Simone 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Loss of Control Eating (LOC) is the most prevalent form of eating disorder pathology in youth, but research on evidence-based treatment in this group is scarce. We assessed for the first time the efficacy and acceptance of a blended treatment program for youth between 14 and 24 years with LOC (Binge-eating Adolescent Treatment, BEAT).
Methods: 24 youths (mean age 19.08 years) participated in three face-to-face workshops and six email-guided self-help sessions, followed by four e-mail guided follow up sessions, one, three, six and 12 months after the active treatment. All patients completed a two-weeks waiting-time period before treatment begin (within-subject waitlist control design).
Results: The number of weekly LOC episodes decreased during both the waiting-time and the active treatment period and remained more or less on the same level during the subsequent 12-months follow-up. Abstainer rates, depressive symptoms, eating disorder pathology and appearance-based rejection sensitivity all improved from pretreatment to posttreatment and typically further improved during follow-up. Body weight in contrast remained more or less constant within the same period. Treatment satisfaction among completers was high, but so was the dropout rate of 45.8% at the end of the 12 months follow-up.
Conclusions: This first blended treatment study BEAT might be well suited to decrease core symptoms of LOC, depressive symptoms and appearance-based rejection sensitivity. More research is needed to establish interventions targeted at reducing body weight change while at the same time holding dropout rates low.
Trial registration: The trial was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (ID: DRKS00014580; registration date: 21/06/2018)
IonKit-NH: a MATLAB-based toolkit for ionospheric detection of natural hazard
Authors: Tang Long 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In recent years, ionospheric sounding by GNSS total electron content (TEC) has been a powerful tool to detect the natural hazard such as earthquake, tsunami and volcanic eruption due to the fact that the natural hazard-produced acoustic waves or gravity waves can travel into the ionosphere and trigger travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). However, open-source program on this field is scarce. Here, we developed a MATLAB-based toolkit, called IonKit-NH, to detection of natural hazard. IonKit-NH is capable of processing multi-system GNSS including GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BDS and forming different dual-frequency combinations (such as L1 + L2 and L1 + L5 for GPS) to solve TEC. Based on the GNSS TEC, IonKit-NH generates the time-distance map and two-dimensional map of TEC variation, which can be used to obtain the characteristics of TIDs induced by natural hazard.
Evaluation of the recovery rate and prevention of hospitalization among covid-19 outpatients: a randomized clinical trial comparing N-acetylcysteine with Bromhexine
Authors: Ghayour Anahita Eslami , Nazari Sasan , Keramat Fariba , Shahbazi Fatemeh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives: Due to the referral of COVID-19 patients to outpatient centers in the early stages, the aim of the present study is to compare the effect of N-acetylcysteine and Bromhexine on the recovery rate and prevention of hospitalization in outpatients with COVID-19
Methodology: This study was conducted from April 2022 to September 2022. First, PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups, one of these groups received N-acetylcysteine while the other received bromhexine. The patients were followed up on the seventh and fourteenth days of the disease in terms of the duration of changes in oxygen saturation and recovery. The hospitalization and death of the patients were also evaluated after one month.
Results: Out of 150 studied patients, oxygen saturation was increased by 1.33% in the third visit of the patients who received N-acetylcysteine compared to their first visit. This percentage was 1.19% in the patients who received bromhexine.11.33% of the patients were admitted to the hospital and 88.6% of them had no history of hospitalization within 14 day and their mortality rate was zero.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that early initiation of Bromhexine can effectively reduce the hospitalization rate and shorten the duration of hospitalization.
Clinical trial code: IRCT20220302054167N1 and ethics code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1400.957
Unusual softening-to-hardening switching in branched carbon nanotube nanocomposites
Authors: Lacarbonara Walter , Guruva Sawan Kumar , Carboni Biagio , Krause Beate , Janke Andreas , Formica Giovanni , Lanzara Giulia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The unusual features of the nonlinear dynamic response of nanocomposite beams made of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and branched carbon nanotubes (bCNTs) are documented experimentally. The frequency response curves for cantilever specimens with different bCNTs weight fractions (wt%) are obtained under harmonic base excitations by measuring the free tip displacement via 3D scanning laser vibrometry. The steady-state response acquired for different excitation levels exhibits a surprising nonlinear softening trend which is switched into hardening for higher bCNTs wt% and increasing oscillation amplitudes. The stick-slip hysteresis, caused by the interaction of the bCNTs with the thermoplastic hosting matrix, determines a softening nonlinearity of the material that counteracts the well-known geometric hardening associated with the nonlinear curvature of the first mode of the cantilever. However, for bCNTs weight fractions greater than 1%, the bridging of the branched CNTs gives rise to the formation of a strong network which contributes to the hardening response at higher oscillation amplitudes. This mechanical behavior is detected by the trend of the nonlinear harmonic spectra and by the estimation of the equivalent damping ratio using the half power bandwidth method. A nonlinear mathematical model of the nanocomposite cantilever samples derived from a 3D mesoscale hysteretic model of the PBT/bCNT material is shown to predict the observed unusual experimental behavior. The presence of bCNTs in a thermoplastic matrix seems to be the main driver of the highly tunable nonlinear stiffness and damping capacity.
The global scenario of hydrogeochemical research on glacier meltwater: A bibliometric and visualization analysis
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Pippal Prity Singh , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Pankaj , Singh Atar , Sharma Payal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Hydro-geochemistry plays a vital role in sustainable development, but only a few reviews have documented the development in this field. It is a bibliometric visualization based on the Web of Science database through Biblioshiny and VOSviewer to analyze the current status of hydrogeochemical research from 2002–2022. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in scientific studies investigating the hydrogeochemical characterization of glacier meltwater. The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database helped to retrieve the research papers published in conjunction with hydrogeochemical investigations of glacier meltwater between 2002 and 2022. From the beginning of 2002 till July 2022, a total of 6035 publications on the hydrogeochemical study of glacier meltwater were compiled. The number of publications produced from the United States of America (USA) and China accounts for about half (50%) of all publications from the top 10 countries. The findings of this study demonstrated that there had been an increase in research into hydrogeochemistry at higher altitudes, but the results have not shown any significant differences. However, developed nations, particularly the United States, emphasize hydrogeochemical research more than developing nations. However, there is not a single nation that consistently advances research in hydrogeochemistry at high elevations. Because of this, additional research might be conducted worldwide utilizing innovative techniques and resources in this research domain. In addition, our understanding of glacier meltwater's role in streamflow components is limited and needs to be expanded through further research in the future.
Experimental study of microwave-catalytic oxidative degradation of COD in livestock farming effluent by copper-loaded activated carbon
Authors: Cai Qingfeng , zhang xiao , geng wenguang , liu fang , yuan dongling , sun rongfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCuO/granular activated carbon (GAC) catalysts were prepared in this work and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the degradation of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the microwave (MW)-induced H2O2catalytic oxidation process. The prepared catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N2adsorption-desorption techniques. The results showed that CuO was loaded on the GAC surface. Subsequently, the effects of catalyst dosage, H2O2dosage, pH, MW power, and MW irradiation time on the degradation efficiency were studied. The orthogonal experiment showed that the initial PH value had the greatest effect on COD removal rate in the microwave-assisted reaction system with CuO/GAC as catalyst.The COD was degraded quickly and efficiently by the combined method of MW/catalyst/H2O2, and the mechanism of microwave catalytic oxidation and H2O2degradation of farm wastewater COD was discussed.
Cities and epidemics: Reflection based on spatio-temporal spread and medical carrying capacity of early COVID-19 outbreak in China
Authors: Lan Li , Li Gang , Mehmood Muhammad Sajid , Xu Tingting , Wang Wei , Nie Qifan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
New and more dreadful viruses may emerge again in the future and cause a large demand for medical care. It is essential to explore different cities’ early spatio-temporal spread characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic and the medical carrying capacity. This study examined the situation of six high-incidence Chinese cities using an integrated manual text and spatial analysis approach. Results show that the initial COVID-19 outbreak went through three phases: unknown-origin incubation, Wuhan-related outbreak, and local exposure outbreak. Cities with massive confirmed cases exhibited the multicore pattern, while those with fewer cases exhibited the single-core pattern. The cores were hierarchically located in the central built-up areas of cities’ economic, political, or transportation centers, and the radii of the cores shrank as the central built-up area’s level decreased, showing the hierarchical decay and the core-edge structure. That is, a decentralized built environment (non-clustered economies and populations) is less likely to create a large-scale epidemic cluster. Besides, the clusters of excellent hospital resources were consistent with those of COVID-19 outbreaks, but their carrying capacity still needs urgent improvement. And the essence of prevention and control is the governance of human activities and the management, allocation, and efficient use of limited resources about people, places, and materials leveraging IT and GIS, to confront the contradiction between supply and demand.
Patients with rheumatic immune diseases on immunosuppressants who died of Nocardia farcinica infection - case report
Authors: Han Yu-Yan , Huang Lu-Lu , Yang Meng-Ni , Huang Zong-Shuai , Huang Shi-Hong , Xie Yang , Huang Yan , Xiao Yuan-Yuan , Chen Hua , You Yun-Hui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Nocardiosis is a rare suppurative infectious disease caused by Nocardia, a gram-positive filamentous bacterium that is widely distributed in air, water, soil and other media. It usually occurs in patients treated with immunosuppressants but can also occur in healthy people. The aim of this study was to describe the course of two patients with rheumatic immune diseases who died of pneumonia and brain, renal, liver abscesses and sepsis caused by Nocardia farcinica infection.
Case presentation: A 74-year-old retired male, diagnosed with dermatomyositis (DM), and a 54-year-old female farmer, diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), both taking glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, suffered from pneumonia and brain, renal, and liver abscesses and sepsis caused by Nocardia farcinica. Their medical treatment processes were very complicated, and they underwent multiple examinations and multidisciplinary consultations. They were finally diagnosed with pneumonia, brain, renal, and liver abscesses and sepsis caused by Nocardia farcinica infection through blood, sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture. They were treated with antibacterial drugs, but the course was insufficient because of economic reasons, and eventually, they died.
Conclusions: Nocardia farcinica is a rare but possible cause of pneumonia or brain, renal, liver abscesses or sepsis inpatients with rheumatic immune diseases. If infection is not ruled out in the lungs or other organs, it is necessary to actively utilise a variety of pathogenic tests, including blood culture. Once patients with immunosuppressive agents get pneumonia, brain abscesses, renal abscesses, liver abscesses or sepsis caused by Nocardia farcinica, they are in a critical condition and easily die.
Insight into the differences in carbon dots prepared from fish scales using conventional hydrothermal and microwave methods
Authors: Xu Chengzhi , Xiao Xiao , Cai Chaonan , Cheng Qunpeng , Zhu Lian , Zhang Juntao , Wei Benmei , Wang Haibo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The preparation of carbon dots (CDs) from waste fish scales is an attractive and high-value transformation. In this study, fish scales were used as a precursor to prepare CDs, and the effects of hydrothermal and microwave methods on their fluorescence properties and structures were evaluated. The microwave method was more conducive to the self-doping of nitrogen due to rapid and uniform heating. However, the low temperature associated with the microwave method resulted in the insufficient dissolution of the organic matter in fish scales; thus, the organic matter was difficult to completely dehydrate and condense, but formed nanosheet-like CDs, whose emission behavior had no significant correlation with excitation. Although the CDs prepared using the conventional hydrothermal had a lower doping amount of N element, the relative pyrrolic N content was higher, which was beneficial in improving their quantum yield. Additionally, the controllable high temperature and sealed environment used for the conventional hydrothermal could promote the dehydration and condensation of the organic matter in fish scales to form CDs with a higher degree of carbonization, uniform size, and higher C = O/COOH content. CDs prepared using the conventional hydrothermal exhibited higher quantum yield and excitation wavelength-dependent emission behavior.
Prediction of mortality, requirement of ICU and hospitalization: the COVID-outcome prognostic score
Authors: Nieto-Ortega Eduardo , Arenal Alejandro Maldonado , Escudero-Roque Lupita , Macedo-Falcon Diana Ali , Escorcia-Saucedo Ana Elena , Ángel Adalberto León , Méndez Alejandro Durán , García-Callejas Karla , Hernández-Islas Sergio , Romero-López Gabriel , Hernández-Romero Ángel Raúl , Pérez-Ortega Daniela , Rodríguez-Segura Estephany , Montaño‑Olmos Daniela , Hernández-Muñoz Jeffrey , Rodríguez-Peña Samuel , Magos Montserrat , Rueda-Medécigo María José , Aco-Cuamani Yanira Lizeth , García-Chávez Nazareth , García-Otero Ana Lizeth , Mejía-Rangel Analiz , Losada Valeria Gutiérrez , Cova-Bonilla Miguel , Aguilar-Arroyo Alma Delia , Sandoval-García Araceli , Martínez-Francisco Eneyda , Vázquez-García Blanca Azucena , Peón Alberto Navarrete 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Prognostic scales may help to optimize the use of hospital resources, which may be of prime interest in the context of a fast spreading pandemics. Nonetheless, such tools are underdeveloped in the context of COVID-19. In the present article we asked whether accurate prognostic scales could be developed to optimize the use of hospital resources. We retrospectively studied 467 files of hospitalized patients after COVID-19. The odds ratios for 16 different biomarkers were calculated, and those that were significantly associated were screened by a Pearson’s correlation, and such index was used to establish the mathematical function for each marker. The scales to predict the need for hospitalization, intensive-care requirement and mortality had enhanced sensitivities (0.91 CI 0.87–0.94; 0.96 CI 0.94–0.98; 0.96 CI 0.94–0.98; all withp < 0.0001) and specificities (0.74 CI 0.62–0.83; 0.92 CI 0.87–0.96 & 0.91 CI 0.86–0.94; all withp < 0.0001). Interestingly, when a different population was assayed, these parameters did not change considerably. These results show a novel approach to establish the mathematical function of a marker in the development of highly sensitive prognostic tools, which in this case, may aid in the optimization of hospital resources. An online version of the three algorithms can be found at: http://benepachuca.no-ip.org/covid/index.php
The Socio-Economic Impacts of the Covid-19 Mitigation Measures and Vulnerabilities in Singapore
Authors: Daly Patrick , Nejad Amin , Domijan Katarina , McCaughey Jamie , Brassard Caroline , Kathiravelu Laavanya , Marques Mateus , Sarti Danilo , Parnell Andrew , Horton Benjamin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lockdowns were widely used to reduce transmission of COVID-19 and prevent health care services from being overwhelmed. While these mitigation measures helped to reduce loss of life, they also disrupted the everyday lives of billions of people. We use data from a survey of Singaporean citizens and permanent residents during the peak of the lockdown period between April and July 2020 to evaluate the social and economic impacts of Singapore’s COVID-19 mitigation measures. Over 60% of the population experienced negative impacts on their social lives and 40% on household economics. Regression models show the negative economic impacts were influenced by socio-economic and demographic factors that align with underlying societal vulnerabilities. When dealing with large-scale crisis’ like COVID-19, slow-onset disasters, and climate change, some of the burdens of mitigation measures can constitute a crisis in their own right – and this could be experienced unevenly by vulnerable segments of the population.