bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragility Analysis of Masonry Infill R.C. Frame Using Incremental Dynamic Approach
Authors: Phadnis Punashri , Desai Ravindra , Tande Shrirang , Dhumal Pranav 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The current study aims to investigate damage assessment of the RC frames with Brick Masonry Infill (BMI). The effects of near-source ground motions (GMs) are considerably predominant in the seismic response of the structure as related to far-source ground motion due to their forward directivity plus long period. The near-source ground motion is characterized by enormous everlasting ground translation, strong peak ground acceleration (PGA), and a very low-frequency pulse. The Indian codes have not yet incorporated the influence of near-source GM into their design response spectra. Hence, IDA curves that represent ground motion uncertainty have been established for ten near-field ground motion records. Further, the fragility curves have been constructed to envisage progressive damage to the structure. The spectral acceleration-based fragility curves for the ten-story RC frames without BMI, with BMI, and with the open ground story are developed. It is proved that the BMI frame shows better performance during seismic motions. The probability of damage for the collapse prevention damage state is reduced for frames with BMI, and with open-ground story frames as compared to a frame without BMI.
NFTs et droits d'auteur
Authors: Joller Christina , Pasquier Bruno , Kraus Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Les Non Fungible Tokens (NFTs) ont une importance grandissante dans des secteurs qui sont concernés par le droit d'auteur, comme l'art, les jeux ou les métavers. Ce domaine du droit est donc particulièrement impacté par ce nouveau phénomène. Cet article tente de répondre aux principales questions qui se posent dans ce contexte, comme la protection de l'auteur en cas de création d'un NFT ou le transfert de droits patrimoniaux lors du transfert d'un NFT.
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Non Fungible Tokens (NFTs) gewinnen in Bereichen, die vom Urheberrecht betroffen sind, zunehmend an Bedeutung, etwa in der Kunst, bei Spielen oder im Metaversum. Dieses Rechtsgebiet ist daher besonders stark von diesem neuen Phänomen betroffen. Der vorliegende Artikel versucht, die wichtigsten Fragen zu beantworten, die sich in diesem Zusammenhang stellen, wie beispielsweise der Schutz des Urhebers oder der Urheberin bei der Schaffung eines NFT oder die Übertragung von Vermögensrechten bei der Übertragung eines NFT.
Interaction of seawater with (ultra)mafic alkaline rocks—Alternative process for the formation of aegirine
Authors: Rapprich Vladislav , Matýsek Dalibor , Pour Ondřej , Jirásek Jakub , Míková Jitka , Magna Tomáš 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Submarine mafic and relatively Na-poor alkaline rocks in the Outer Carpathians often contain aegirine, a sodic pyroxene usually found in differentiated alkaline rocks. Its presence in rocks that are too basic and Na-poor for its conventional magmatic appearance is linked to sodic alteration of submarine alkaline rocks. Aegirine crystals grow on altered rims of diopside, commonly with crystal-lographic unconformity, suggesting that their growth was related to alteration and that aegirine does not represent a late stage of continuous clinopyroxene crystallization. The U-shaped REE patterns in the studied aegirine lack Eu anomaly, characteristic for aegirine from differentiated alkaline rocks. Therefore, the involvement of chemically more evolved magma is unlikely to have played any role in the formation of aegirine in ijolites and essexites. Formation of aegirine in submarine alkaline rocks may thus represent an alternative process to spilitization. However, this process is strongly limited by the availability of Fe3+ oxidized and mobilized by hydrothermal alteration, which may explain a relative scarcity of aegirine observed in submarine alkaline rocks compared to near-complete albitization of spilites, and its absence in high-MgO rocks (&gt;10 wt%). Due to the blocking effect related to Fe3+ unavailability, ijolites, and essexites do not display significant Na enrichment. We posit that Na incorporated in aegirine was mainly sourced from the zeolitized interstitial glass.
Introduction of Novel Drug Targets against Staphylococcus aureus and Proposing
Putative Inhibitors against Adenine N1 (m1A22)-tRNA Methyltransferase (TrmK)
using Computer-aided Drug Discovery
Authors: Beig Masoumeh , Ebrahimi Tahereh , Goodarzi Narjes Noori , Fereshteh Sepideh , Habibi Mehri , Badmasti Farzad 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Nowadays, the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and
vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) strains has dramatically restricted the treatment options against this
microorganism.

Aim:
In this study, we aimed to discover new drug targets and inhibitors against S. aureus.

Methods:
This study consists of two major sections. In the upstream evaluation, after a comprehensive coreproteome
analysis, essential cytoplasmic proteins with no similarity to the human proteome were selected. Then the
S. aureus metabolome-specific proteins were selected, and novel drug targets were identified using the DrugBank
database. In the downstream analysis, a structure-based virtual screening approach was performed to reveal potential
hit compounds against adenine N1 (m1A22)-tRNA methyltransferase (TrmK) using the StreptomeDB library
and AutoDock Vina software. The compounds with a binding affinity > -9 kcal/mol were analyzed based on ADMET
properties. Finally, the hit compounds were selected based on Lipinski’s rule of five (RO5).

Results:
Three proteins, including glycine glycosyltransferase (FemA), TrmK, and heptaprenyl pyrophosphate
synthase subunit A (HepS1), were selected as feasible and promising drug targets based on PDB file availability
and their essential role in the survival of the S. aureus. Finally, seven hit compounds, including Nocardioazine_
A, Geninthiocin_D, Citreamicin_delta, Quinaldopeptin, Rachelmycin, Di-AFN_A1 and Naphthomycin_
K were introduced against the binding cavity of TrmK, as a feasible drug target.

Conclusion:
The results of this study provided three feasible drug targets against S. aureus. In the following,
seven hit compounds were introduced as potential inhibitors of TrmK, and Geninthiocin_D was identified as
the most desirable agent. However, in vivo and in vitro investigations are needed to confirm the inhibitory effect
of these agents on S. aureus.
Impact of Cannabinoid Receptors in the Design of Therapeutic Agents
against Human Ailments
Authors: Kumar Ankush , Gupta Ojasvi , Bhatia Rohit , Monga VikramDeep 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The cannabinoid (CB) signalling cascade is widely located in the human body and is as-sociated with several pathophysiological processes. The endocannabinoid system comprises canna-binoid receptors CB1 and CB2, which belong to G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). CB1 recep-tors are primarily located on nerve terminals, prohibiting neurotransmitter release, whereas CB2 are present predominantly on immune cells, causing cytokine release. The activation of CB system con-tributes to the development of several diseases which might have lethal consequences, such as CNS disorders, cancer, obesity, and psychotic disorders on human health. Clinical evidence revealed that CB1 receptors are associated with CNS ailments such as Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, whereas CB2 receptors are primarily connected with immune disorders, pain, inflammation, etc. Therefore, cannabinoid receptors have been proved to be promising targets in therapeutics and drug discovery. Experimental and clinical outcomes have disclosed the success sto-ry of CB antagonists, and several research groups have framed newer compounds with the binding potential to these receptors. In the presented review, we have summarized variously reported heter-ocycles with CB receptor agonistic/antagonistic properties against CNS disorders, cancer, obesity, and other complications. The structural activity relationship aspects have been keenly described along with enzymatic assay data. The specific outcomes of molecular docking studies have also been highlighted to get insights into the binding patterns of the molecules to CB receptors.
Exploring the Bioactivity of Soil Streptomyces sp. BACSAS14: An In Vitro
and In Silico Approach
Authors: Agarwal Sonal , Vivekanandan Swathika , Mooventhan Hemalatha , Vaithilingam Mohanasrinivasan , Chandrasekaran Subathra Devi 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Discovery of novel anti-cancer drugs from natural origin has increased
tremendously due to the resistance of multiple chemotherapeutic drugs in breast cancer therapy and
its high toxicity to undesirable side effects.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to investigate the bioactivity of secondary metabolites derived
from Actinobacteria sp. BACSAS14 isolated from a vegetable farm in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, and
India.

Methods:
Five actinomycetes strains were isolated and screened for antagonistic activity by the
agar well diffusion method. Out of which, Actinobacteria sp. BACSAS14 exhibited potency, and
its crude extract was tested for anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, and antioxidant potential.
The Actinobacteria sp. BACSAS14 ethyl acetate extract was analyzed by Gas chromatography-
mass spectrometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Thin Layer Chromatography
to determine the bioactive compounds. A drug interaction study with the anti-inflammatory
protein COX-2, anti-oxidant protein lipoxygenase, and anti-cancer protein MT1-MMP was done by
molecular docking analysis.

Results:
Maximum activity was found against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19 mm) at a concentration
of 500 μL. Maximum inhibitory activity was 98.8±0.98 % at a concentration of 5 mg/mL with
an IC50 value of 417.58 μg/mL. Maximum antioxidant activity was 67.87 ± 0.59% at a concentration
of 5 mg/mL. At an extract concentration of 500 μg/mL, cell viability was found to be 31.62 ±
0.79 with an IC50 value of 365.23 μg/mL. The compound with the lowest binding energy was observed
to be sulfurous acid, cyclohexylmethyl isohexyl ester. In-silico studies of sulfurous acid,
cyclohexylmethyl isohexyl ester revealed promising anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anticancer
potential.

Conclusion:
The current study reported that the bioactive secondary metabolites of Actinobacteria
sp. BACSAS14 retains anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties. This is the first
report stating the production of the metabolite sulfurous acid, cyclohexylmethyl isohexyl ester from
Actinobacteria sp. BACSAS14.
Identification of miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Networks Associated with
Diabetic Retinopathy using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Xu Weihai , Liang Ya , Zhuang Ying , Yuan Zhilan 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and a lead-ing cause of visual loss. This study aimed to explore biomarkers for DR that may provide additional reference to DR pathogenesis and development.

Methods:
The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the DR and control samples in the GSE53257 dataset were identified. Logistics analyses were performed to identify DR-associated miRNAs and genes, and correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlation between them in GSE160306.

Results:
A total of 114 DEGs in DR were identified in GSE53257. Three genes, including ATP5A1 (down), DAUFV2 (down), and OXA1L (down), were differentially expressed between DR and con-trol samples in GSE160306. Univariate logistics analysis identified that ATP5A1 (OR=0.007, p=1.40E-02), NDUFV2 (OR=0.003, p=6.40E-03), and OXA1L (OR=0.093, p=3.08E-02) were DR-associated genes. ATP5A1 and OXA1L were regulated by multiple miRNAs, of which hsa-let-7b-5p (OR=26.071, p=4.40E-03) and hsa-miR-31-5p (OR=4.188, p=5.09E-02) were related to DR. ATP5A1 and OXA1L were closely correlated with each other in DR.

Conclusion:
The hsa-miR-31-5p-ATP5A1 and hsa-let-7b-5p-OXA1L axes might play novel and important roles in the pathogenesis and development of DR.
Matrix Inverse-based Highly Payload Novel Approach for Covert Transmission
Authors: Saini Ravi , Joshi Kamaldeep , Nandal Rainu , Yadav Rajkumar , Kumari Deepika 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The necessity for data security is demanding in the digital age. The main
technique for achieving data security is Steganography. The technique of camouflaging the secret
object behind another cover object is known as Steganography. A novel, robust, high payload, and
imperceptible image steganography approach using matrix inverse in the spatial domain are proposed
in this manuscript. The basic idea is to devise a robust novel approach against various image
processing attacks, like cropping, compression, filters, and noise.

Objectives:
The study's objective is to develop a novel data-hiding approach that increases imperceptibility
and payload capacity and is robust against various image processing attacks, like filters,
compression, cropping, and noise.

Methods:
The matrix inverse procedure is used for the insertion and extraction of data. The symmetry
feature of the matrix inverse makes the task of insertion of data simple and efficient. It also
increases the hiding capacity while maintaining a finer level of imperceptibility and robustness.
MATLAB is used for the implementation of the new technique and results analysis.

Results:
The proposed method's robustness has been analyzed against image processing assaults
such as the inclusion of various noises, cropping, a variety of filters, and compression assaults.
The imperceptibility of the approach has been tested successfully using PSNR, BER, and NCC
metrics. The proposed method has been compared with the other two techniques. The experimental
and comparison results depict that the proposed approach provides high hiding capacity,
finer robustness, and imperceptibility.

Conclusion:
A novel, robust and imperceptible approach has been developed in this manuscript.
The proposed method has been compared with the methods developed by Jung & Yoo and Joshi
& Gill. The experimental findings show that the proposed technique offers better resilience, payload
capacity, and finer imperceptibility.
A Comparative Study on Approval of Follow-on Version of Sevelamer
Carbonate and Glatiramer Acetate (GA) in US, EU
Authors: Sankhwar Nisha , Shukla Vikesh Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Many non-biological drugs, different in terms of their structure and mode of action,
pharmacological classification, and therapeutic indication, have a common factor of structural
complexity and are grouped as non-biological complex drugs (NBCDs). When an innovator drug
nears the time of off-patent, different manufacturers attempt to produce its subsequent version, so
the patients will have a cost-effective therapeutic equivalent. Since the innovator molecule is complex,
its follow-on drug can be called its true generic version, if its bioavailability, bioequivalence
and therapeutic equivalence to the innovator drug are demonstrated. However, it is observed that a
case-to-case basis approach is implemented by European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Food and
Drug Administration, US (USFDA) in the approval of such drugs and there is no uniformity observed
between the two.

:
In this study, an attempt is made to study the complexity of molecules compare and understand the
data requirements, and procedures adopted for the review and approval of such complex products.
Therefore, drug sevelamer carbonate and glatiramer acetate are selected for the study. A methodical
approach was followed. European assessment reports and drug approvals available in the orange
book database of the former two regulatory agencies were studied. It is observed that the generic
version of glatiramer acetate is approved as an abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) by
Food and Drug Administration whereas the same was approved as the hybrid application by European
Medicines Agency requiring the applicant to generate and submit more data. Thus, harmonization
of the regulatory requirements for the approval of follow-on versions of such complex drugs
is essential for better understanding, predictability of the regulatory process, and acceleration of the
drug approval process, in the interest of patients. This will help the faster access of the drugs to the
patients and allow interchangeability of the innovator drugs with its cost-effective generic version.
Genocide in Kashmir: Right of Self-Determination, UNSC Resolutions and Holding India To Account Under International Humanitarian Law
Authors: Akthar Zia 
Published: May 2023

Kashmir has been a flashpoint of conflict since independence from British rule in 1947 and the partition of India into two states. These two countries, India, and Pakistan, have both claimed the land on the northern most sector of the Subcontinent the focal point of which is the Valley of Kashmir. The conflict is not a domestic dispute or a regional issue between the two protagonists but engages international law because of the human rights violations and the atrocities committed that has engaged international humanitarian law. The occupation by India of Kashmir was controversial from the start as it went against the aspirations of the population who had close affinity and kinship with Pakistan. The United Nations Security Council mandated a referendum to decide the future of the territory divided by a Line of Control, a military boundary, but India has refused to implement the resolutions. The Indian army has cracked down on the population under the Special Powers Act 1958 and various other opaque ordinances that oppress the population. The final act in this de facto occupation was transformed into de jure control by the Indian Parliament when it revoked Article 370 and Article 35 of the Constitution and annexed Kashmir. The Valley has been placed under lockdown and the population disfranchised with all political activity banned and demographic changes underway by a government appointed by India. The pogroms committed by the Security forces and the gross abuses of human rights have been catalogued in two UN Human Rights Council reports that implicate the Indian forces. The argument of this paper is that there should be rigorous application of international law and war crimes tribunals should be invested to prosecute the Indian officials for breaches of human rights established in the conduct of non-international conflicts (NIC).
Luiz Gama: um intelectual radical comprometido com o combate a escravidão
Authors: Santos Eduardo Antônio Estevam 
Published: May 2023

Este artigo interpreta a posição política e intelectual de Luiz Gama frente aos movimentos em defesa do fim da escravidão. Analisa suas narrativas e escritos publicados no jornal Radical Paulistano na segunda metade do século XIX, com destaque para o seu papel diferenciado no interior do Clube Radical. Por fim, concluímos que a participação ativa de Luiz Gama no interior do movimento liberal contribuiu para dar forma as ações desse movimento social.
the Ekowisata Berbasis Hutan Lindung di Nagari Sungai Buluh Tahun 2004-2018
Authors: Mahmudah Rifa Atul , Asri Zul 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang Ekowisata Berbasis Hutan Lindung di Nagari Sungai Buluh Timur Tahun 2004-2018. Permasalahan yang penulis angkat adalah bagaimana Hutan dilingkungan Nagari Sungai Buluh ini tetap bertahan sampai sekarang agar tidak adanya pengrusakan yang dilakukan oleh oknum yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Untuk itu dibentuknya Lembaga Perlindungan Hutan Nagari atau yang disingkat dengan LPHN. Lembaga ini sebagai wadah untuk menjaga keseimbangan dan kondisi hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan Ekowisata yang ada dalam Nagari Sungai Buluh yang berdampingan dengan Hutan Nagari Sungai Buluh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah, yang meliputi heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi (penulisan sejarah).
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Nagari Sungai Buluh tetap mempertahankan kondisi hutannya hingga sekarang ini. Nagari Sungai Buluh yang merupakan turunan dari Nagari Kajai Laminjai masih mempertahankan kebudayaan Minangkabau. Masyarakat Nagari Sungai Buluh dalam menjaga lingkungan berpegang teguh dan berpedoman pada adat yang telah dibuat. Keberadaan hutan Nagari Sungai Buluh tidak lepas dari kearifan lokal yang dimiliki dan masih diterapkan hingga saat ini. Adanya nilai-nilai lokal yang telah diwariskan secara turun-temurun oleh leluhur terdahulu secara lisan dan akan tertanam untuk bersama dan akan menjadi ingatan dan akan tetap dipertahankan untuk menjaga hutan untuk keberlangsungan hidup bersama.
Perkembangan Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) Karya Sejahtera Di Nagari Persiapan Jorong Pujorahayu Kab. Pasaman Barat (2009-2020)
Authors: Aprikarti Reipa , Fitrisia Azmi 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan): Perkembangan Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) Karya Sejahtera di Jorong Pujorahayu Kab. Pasaman Barat (2009-2020). Permasalahan yang peneliti angkat yaitu bagaimana perkembangan Gapoktan Karya Sejahtera yang dilihat dari setiap unit-unit usaha yang dijalankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan setiap unit-unit usaha yang dimiliki Gapoktan Karya Sejahtera. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah, diantaranya Heuristik, Kritik Sumber, Interpretasi, serta Historigrafi atau penulisan sejarah. Pertama, penulis mendapatkanddata dari objek penelitian, yang terbagi dua yaitu data primer dan sekunder. Kedua dilakukan skritik sumber terhadap data yang telah diperoleh. Ketiga, menafsiran yang berkaitan dengan informasi dan fakta sejarah. Keempat, penulis menjelaskan hasil dari penelitian dalam sebuah karya ilmiah berupa skripsi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa secara keseluruhan Gapoktan Karya Sejahtera mengalami perkembangan dilihat dari setiap unit-unit usahanya. Perkembangan unit usaha LKMA bisa dilihat dari bertambahnya jumlah nasabah, dan meningkatnya SHU dari tahun ketahun. Unit usaha pembelian dan penjualan hasil pertanian mengalami perkembangan dengan meningkatnya keuntungan penjualan gabah sedangkan keuntungan penjualan jagung mengalami peningkatan dan penurunan. Perkembangan unit usaha UPJA dilihat dari bantuan alat yang didapatkan. Unit usaha Saprodi mengalami perkembangan dari jumlah keuntungan pada tahun 2019 Rp.15.500.000,- tahun 2020 menjadi Rp.59.000.000,-. Unit usaha pembelian dan pengolahan hasil pertanian gabah menjadi beras juga mengalami perkembangan seperti unit usaha lainya.