bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning Enhanced Approach for Automated Sunquake Detection in Acoustic Emission Maps
Authors: Mercea Vanessa , Paraschiv Alin Razvan , Lacatus Daniela Adriana , Marginean Anca , Besliu-Ionescu Diana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSunquakes are seismic emissions visible on the solar surface, associated with some solar flares. Although discovered in 1998, they have only recently become a more commonly detected phenomenon. Despite the availability of several manual detection guidelines, to our knowledge, the astrophysical data produced for sunquakes is new to the field of machine learning. Detecting sunquakes is a daunting task for human operators, and this work aims to ease and, if possible, to improve their detection. Thus, we introduce a dataset constructed from acoustic egression-power maps of solar active regions obtained for Solar Cycles 23 and 24 using the holography method. We then present a pedagogical approach to the application of machine-learning representation methods for sunquake detection using autoencoders, contrastive learning, object detection and recurrent techniques, which we enhance by introducing several custom, domain-specific data augmentation transformations. We address the main challenges of the automated sunquake-detection task, namely the very high noise patterns in and outside the active region shadow and the extreme class imbalance given by the limited number of frames that present sunquake signatures. With our trained models, we find temporal and spatial locations of peculiar acoustic emission and qualitatively associate them to eruptive and high energy emission. While noting that these models are still in a prototype stage, and there is much room for improvement in metrics and bias levels, we hypothesize that their agreement on example use cases has the potential to enable detection of weak solar acoustic manifestations.
The Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) Cryogenic Near-Infrared Spectro-Polarimeter
Authors: Fehlmann André , Kuhn Jeffrey R. , Schad Thomas A. , Scholl Isabelle F. , Williams Rebecca , Agdinaoay Rodell , Berst D. Christopher , Craig Simon C. , Giebink Cynthia , Goodrich Bret , Hnat Kirby , James Don , Lockhart Charles , Mickey Donald L. , Oswald Daniel , Puentes Myles M. , Schickling Richard , de Vanssay Jean-Benoit , Warmbier Eric A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Cryogenic Near-Infrared Spectro-Polarimeter (Cryo-NIRSP) is a combination slit-based spectrograph and context-imaging instrument designed and built for the National Science Foundation’s Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST). It is optimized for polarimetric observations of spectral band-passes between 1 and 5 microns, which makes it uniquely suited for polarimetric observations of the solar corona, while also enabling access to other important infrared diagnostics such as the CO fundamental band at 4.6 microns. Integration, testing, and commissioning occurred between 2019 and 2020, and it is now conducting science experiments as part of DKIST early operations. In this article, we discuss its science mission, the requirements driving the design, its fabrication and installation, current capabilities, and the first science data.
The indirect association between moral disengagement and bystander behaviors in school bullying through motivation: Structural equation modelling and mediation analysis
Authors: Thornberg Robert , Jungert Tomas , Hong Jun Sung 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGuided by the social-cognitive theory and self-determination theory, this study examined whether moral disengagement is indirectly associated with pro-bullying, passive bystanding, and defending, mediated by autonomous motivation, introjected motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation to defend victims of bullying among early adolescents. Participants were 901 upper elementary students from 43 school classes at 15 public schools in Sweden who completed a questionnaire in their classrooms. The results showed that students who were less inclined to morally disengage in peer bullying tended to be more autonomously motivated to take the victim’s side, which in turn was associated with greater defending and fewer pro-bullying behaviors. Introjected motivation to defend negatively mediated the association between moral disengagement and defending, and positively mediated moral disengagement’s associations with passive bystanding and pro-bullying behavior. Extrinsic motivation to defend mediated moral disengagement’s associations with passive bystanding and pro-bullying behavior. Finally, students who were more prone to morally disengage in peer bullying tended to be more amotivated to take the victim’s side, which in turn was associated with greater pro-bullying behavior and less defending.
What is a related work? A typology of relationships in research literature
Authors: Doroudi Shayan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn important part of research is situating one’s work in a body of existing literature, thereby connecting to existing ideas. Despite this, the various kinds of relationships that might exist among academic literature do not appear to have been formally studied. Here I present a graphical representation of academic work in terms of entities and relations, drawing on structure-mapping theory (used in the study of analogies). I then use this representation to present a typology of operations that could relate two pieces of academic work. I illustrate the various types of relationships with examples from medicine, physics, psychology, history and philosophy of science, machine learning, education, and neuroscience. The resulting typology not only gives insights into the relationships that might exist between static publications, but also the rich process whereby an ongoing research project evolves through interactions with the research literature.
Combining phytoremediation with bioenergy production: developing a multi-criteria decision matrix for plant species selection
Authors: Amabogha Obed Nadari , Garelick Hemda , Jones Huw , Purchase Diane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe use of plants to extract metal contaminants from soils has been proposed as a cost-effective means of remediation, and utilizing energy crops for this phytoextraction process is a useful way of attaining added value from the process. To simultaneously attain both these objectives successfully, selection of an appropriate plant species is crucial to satisfy a number of imporTant criteria including translocation index, metal and drought tolerance, fast growth rate, high lignocellulosic content, good biomass production, adequate calorific value, second generation attribute, and a good rooting system. In this study, we proposed a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to aid decision-making on plant species based on information generated from a systematic review survey. Eight speciesHelianthus annuus(sunflower),Brassica juncea(Indian mustard),Glycine max(soybean),Salixspp. (willow),Populusspp. (poplar),Panicum virgatum(switchgrass),Typha latifolia(cattails), andMiscanthus sinensis(silvergrass) were examined based on the amount of hits on a number of scientific search databases. The data was normalized by estimating their min–max values and their suitability. These criteria/indicators were weighted based on stipulated research objectives/priorities to form the basis of a final overall utility scoring. Using the MCDA, sunflower and silvergrass emerged as the top two candidates for both phytoremediation and bioenergy production. The multi-criteria matrix scores assist the process of making decisions because they compile plant species options quantitatively for all relevant criteria and key performance indicators (KPIs) and its weighing process helps incorporate stakeholder priorities to the selection process.
The identity turn in science education research: a critical review of methodologies in a consolidating field
Authors: Danielsson Anna T. , King Heather , Godec Spela , Nyström Anne-Sofie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis manuscript reflects on the affordances and limitations of methodological approaches commonly adopted by science education researchers examining learner identities. Our aims are to unpack the relative strengths and weaknesses of such approaches and note their respective prevalence. In so doing, we identify and critique studies which we consider exemplify the different approaches and, in turn, note the direction of fruitful developments and the nature of key challenges. From our review of the field, we suggest that three discrete methodological approaches can be identified: macro-studies within a psychological tradition; macro-studies within a sociological tradition; and micro-studies within an interpretive tradition. Our review comprised a critical analysis of papers included in the Web of Science databases published between 1998 and 2018. A total of 198 papers examining aspects of learner identity relating to science were identified. Of these, the majority (146) were categorised as micro-studies within an interpretive tradition. We discuss the implications of methodological choices for the advancement of understanding and further note ambiguities in the field particularly in relation to the ways in which learner identity research is conceived. We also raise questions for the field relating to the ways in which findings may be scaled, and how the field might develop to allow stronger theoretical and conceptual coherence.
A whale of a time: engaging in a war of values for youth activism in science education
Authors: Gisewhite Rachel A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExposure and experience with ethical dilemmas and controversial socioscientific issues provide a link to students’ lives or a pathway for sympathy/empathy and care, where youth use emotion to engage with the scenario and develop critical thinking skills to respond to ethical issues. For this theoretical paper, I focus on how informal science can be used in science classes to provide such exposure and experience, creating spaces for students to foster erotic relationships with the nature-Other and their local environment. More specifically, this paper aims to discuss how educators can use these informal science experiences, and in this case—those involving marine mammals, to find value for natural phenomena through erotic generosity and phenomenological experiences within the environment and use their knowledge and power to act responsibly.
Systematic Fitting and Comparison of Hyperelastic Continuum Models for Elastomers
Authors: Ricker Alexander , Wriggers Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHyperelasticity is a common modeling approach to reproduce the nonlinear mechanical behavior of rubber materials at finite deformations. It is not only employed for stand-alone, purely elastic models but also within more sophisticated frameworks like viscoelasticity or Mullins-type softening. The choice of an appropriate strain energy function and identification of its parameters is of particular importance for reliable simulations of rubber products. The present manuscript provides an overview of suitable hyperelastic models to reproduce the isochoric as well as volumetric behavior of nine widely used rubber compounds. This necessitates firstly a discussion on the careful preparation of the experimental data. More specific, procedures are proposed to properly treat the preload in tensile and compression tests as well as to proof the consistency of experimental data from multiple experiments. Moreover, feasible formulations of the cost function for the parameter identification in terms of the stress measure, error type as well as order of the residual norm are studied and their effect on the fitting results is illustrated. After these preliminaries, invariant-based strain energy functions with decoupled dependencies on all three principal invariants are employed to identify promising models for each compound. Especially, appropriate parameter constraints are discussed and the role of the second invariant is analyzed. Thus, this contribution may serve as a guideline for the process of experimental characterization, data processing, model selection and parameter identification for existing as well as new materials.
Deterministic and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Metals in the Daily Diets of Residents in Industrial Regions of Northern Ningxia, China
Authors: Wang Yan , Cao Deyan , Qin Jiaqi , Zhao Siyuan , Lin Jianzai , Zhang Xi , Wang Junji , Zhu Meilin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the toxic metal (aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)) concentrations in drinking water and different foodstuffs meat (pork, beef, and mutton), cereals (rice, flour, corn, millet), beans (cowpeas, tofu), potatoes (potato, sweet potato), solanaceous fruits (pepper, eggplant, bitter gourd, cucumber), vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower, spinach), and fruits (apples, watermelons, pears, grapes)) and then estimate the potential health risks of toxic metal consumption to local residents in industrial regions of northern Ningxia, China. As in drinking water, Cr in meat, Pb in cereals, Pb in beans, As and Pb in potatoes, Pb in solanaceous fruits, Cr and Ni in vegetables, and Ni and Pb in fruits were the most contaminated heavy metals in the corresponding food with over-standard rates of 16.7%, 12.5%, 5.1%, 60%, 50%, 50%, 38.2%, 44.4%, 44.4%, 31.8%, and 31.8%, respectively.The results of the deterministic assessment of health risks showed that the total noncarcinogenic risk value of dietary intake of toxic metals by the local population was 5.6106, indicating that toxic metals pose a high noncarcinogenic risk. The order of the non-carcinogenic risk is HIcereal (1.2104) > HIsolanaceous fruit (0.9134) > HIVegetables (0.8726) > HIFruit (0.8170) > HIMeat (0.7269) > HIDrinking water (0.6139) > HIBeans (0.2991) > HIPotatoes (0.1573). The total carcinogenic health risk from exposure to toxic metals through dietary intake was 9.98 × 10−4, indicating that the total cancer risk value of residents is beyond the acceptable range (10−4) under the current daily dietary exposure and implies a high risk of cancer. The order of the carcinogenic risk is RDrinking water (2.34 × 10−4) > RMeat (2.11 × 10−4) > Rsolanaceous fruit (1.89 × 10−4) > RFruit (1.88 × 10−4) > Rcereal (1.36 × 10−4) > RPotatoes (2.44 × 10−5) > RVegetables (1.51 × 10−5) > RBeans (0). The probabilistic assessment results showed that 98.83% of the population is exposed to severe noncarcinogenic risk and 87.02% is exposed to unacceptable carcinogenic risk. The sensitivity analysis showed that drinking water, local cereals, vegetables, and fruits were the major contributors to health risks. Our results indicated that the daily dietary exposure of residents in industrial regions of northern Ningxia poses a serious threat to human health, and it is suggested that relevant departments should strengthen monitoring and control of the current situation of toxic metal pollution in the environment and continue to pay attention and take measures to reduce the exposure of toxic metals in the diets of residents in this area.
Graphical Abstract
AI as a challenge for legal regulation – the scope of application of the artificial intelligence act proposal
Authors: Ruschemeier Hannah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe proposal for the Artificial Intelligence Act is the first comprehensive attempt to legally regulate AI. Not merely because of this pioneering role, the draft has been the subject of controversial debates about whether it uses the right regulatory technique, regarding its scope of application and whether it has sufficient protective effect. Moreover, systematic questions arise as to how the regulation of constantly evolving, dynamic technologies can succeed using the means of the law. The choice of the designation as Artificial Intelligence Act leads to legal-theoretical questions of concept formation as a legal method and legislative technique. This article examines the difficulties of regulating the concept of AI using the scope of the Artificial Intelligence Act as an example.
Phenotypic and Genetic Factors Associated with Absence of Cardiomyopathy Symptoms in PLN:c.40_42delAGA Carriers
Authors: Lopera-Maya Esteban A. , Li Shuang , de Brouwer Remco , Nolte Ilja M. , van Breen Justin ,   The Netherlands A. C. M./P. L. N. Registry, Bosman Laurens P. , Verstraelen Tom E. , van Lint Freya H. M. , Cox Moniek G. P. J. , Groeneweg Judith A. , Mast Thomas P. , van der Zwaag Paul A. , Volders Paul G. A. , Evertz Reinder , Wong Lisa , de Groot Natasja M. S. , Zeppenfeld Katja , van der Heijden Jeroen F. , van den Berg Maarten P. , Wilde Arthur A. M. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Hauer Richard N. W. , te Riele Anneline S. J. M. , van Tintelen J. Peter ,   Lifelines Cohort Study, Aguirre-Gamboa Raul , Deelen Patrick , Franke Lude , Kuivenhoven Jan A. , Maya Esteban A. Lopera , Nolte Ilja M. , Sanna Serena , Snieder Harold , Swertz Morris A. , Visscher Peter M. , Vonk Judith M. , Wijmenga Cisca , Jongbloed Jan D. H. , Swertz Morris A. , Snieder Harold , Franke Lude , Wijmenga Cisca , de Boer Rudolf A. , Deelen Patrick , van der Zwaag Paul A. , Sanna Serena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe c.40_42delAGA variant in the phospholamban gene (PLN) has been associated with dilated and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, with up to 70% of carriers experiencing a major cardiac event by age 70. However, there are carriers who remain asymptomatic at older ages. To understand the mechanisms behind this incomplete penetrance, we evaluated potential phenotypic and genetic modifiers in 74 PLN:c.40_42delAGA carriers identified in 36,339 participants of the Lifelines population cohort. Asymptomatic carriers (N = 48) showed shorter QRS duration (− 5.73 ms, q value = 0.001) compared to asymptomatic non-carriers, an effect we could replicate in two different independent cohorts. Furthermore, symptomatic carriers showed a higher correlation (rPearson = 0.17) between polygenic predisposition to higher QRS (PGSQRS) and QRS (p value = 1.98 × 10–8), suggesting that the effect of the genetic variation on cardiac rhythm might be increased in symptomatic carriers. Our results allow for improved clinical interpretation for asymptomatic carriers, while our approach could guide future studies on genetic diseases with incomplete penetrance.
Graphical abstract
Oncoplastic versus conventional breast-conserving surgery in breast cancer: a pooled analysis of 6941 female patients
Authors: Hasan Mohammed Tarek , Hamouda Mohamed , khashab Mohammad. K. El , Elsnhory Ahmed Bostamy , Elghamry Abdullah Mohamed , Hassan Obada Atef , Fayoud Aya Mamdouh , Hafez Abdelrahman H. , Al-kafarna Mohammed , Hagrass Abdulrahman Ibrahim , Rabea Randa Kamal , Gbreel Mohamed Ibrahim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. In the past few years, surgical interventions for breast cancer have experienced massive changes from radical excision to conserving approaches. In this study, we aim to compare the two breast surgery interventions, including conventional breast-conserving surgery (CBCS) versus oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OPBCS).

Methods
We searched on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane till 2 October 2021. All relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies were included. The data were extracted and pooled using Review Manager software (RevMan 5.4).

Results
The pooled meta-analysis of the included studies showed that OPBCS was significantly superior to CBCS in most of the outcomes. Re-excision significantly favoured CBCS (RR = 0.49, 95% CI [0.37, 0.63], P < 0.00001). However, local recurrence (RR = 0.55, 95% CI [0.27, 1.09], P = 0.09), close surgical margins (RR = 0.37, 95% CI [0.14, 1.00], P = 0.05) and end up to the risk of mastectomy (RR = 0.73, 95% CI [0.54, 97], P = 0.06) showed no significant difference between both techniques. Notably, while performing a sensitivity analysis, other outcomes as local recurrence, significantly showed favourable results towards OPBCS. In terms of safety outcomes, there was no significant difference between OPBCS and CBCS.

Conclusion
We recommend the oncoplastic approach rather than the conventional one in females with breast cancer. Re-excision rates showed better results following OPBCS.
A resilient public health in 2030: #buthow?
Authors: Hagenaars Luc , Waterlander Wilma , den Hertog Karen , Stronks Karien 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGame changers in public health are traditionally seen as specific in(ter)ventions, but contemporary public health challenges warrant acknowledging complexity instead. Our game changer is a compass to deal with this complexity. In our vision of 2030, system beliefs, goals, structures and events line up to create a society that balances health, climate, social cohesion and economy. To reach this desired system, a resilient public health sector actively interacts with public discourse, political windows of opportunity are seized for institutionalizing health for all policies, and research is intertwined with the policy process, without the merging of the two.
Adaptive spatial discretization using reinforcement learning
Authors: Butt Jemil Avers , Wieser Andreas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA well-known challenge for deformation monitoring is the spatial discretization, i.e. the choice of monitoring points at which measurements are to be taken. Well-chosen monitoring points employ prior knowledge to yield a significant amount of information about a certain aspect of the monitored object. However, the choice of such a set of points is typically made to be practically expedient or left to the measurement instrument itself. We aim to derive adaptive discretization strategies that implicitly incorporate domain knowledge about the monitored object via a cycle of interaction and learning. In those strategies, previous measurements impact the locations of subsequent ones. We formulate the choice of monitoring points as a decision theoretical problem and review the framework of reinforcement learning which formalizes the problem of deriving optimal sequential decisions under uncertainty. Iterative algorithms produce solution schemes for this optimal control task. We benchmark the performance of reinforcement learning and compare its results to random, pseudorandom, and numerically designed discretization strategies on several geodetically motivated examples. Advantages, disadvantages, and practical feasibility of the approach are evaluated and reveal a significant boost in efficiency of the data collection scheme compared to classical approaches.