bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring lineup fairness from eyewitness identification data using a multinomial processing tree model
Authors: Menne Nicola Marie , Winter Kristina , Bell Raoul , Buchner Axel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe mock-witness task is typically used to evaluate the fairness of lineups. However, the validity of this task has been questioned because there are substantial differences between the tasks for mock witnesses and eyewitnesses. Unlike eyewitnesses, mock witnesses must select a person from the lineup and are alerted to the fact that one lineup member might stand out from the others. It therefore seems desirable to base conclusions about lineup fairness directly on eyewitness data rather than on mock-witness data. To test the importance of direct measurements of biased suspect selection in eyewitness identification decisions, we assessed the fairness of lineups containing either morphed or non-morphed fillers using both mock witnesses and eyewitnesses. We used Tredoux’s E and the proportion of suspect selections to measure lineup fairness from mock-witness choices and the two-high threshold eyewitness identification model to measure the biased selection of the suspects directly from eyewitness identification decisions. Results obtained in the mock-witness task and the model-based analysis of data obtained in the eyewitness task converged in showing that simultaneous lineups with morphed fillers were significantly more unfair than simultaneous lineups with non-morphed fillers. However, mock-witness and eyewitness data converged only when the eyewitness task mimicked the mock-witness task by including pre-lineup instructions that (1) discouraged eyewitnesses to reject the lineups and (2) alerted eyewitnesses that a photograph might stand out from the other photographs in the lineup. When a typical eyewitness task was created by removing these two features from the pre-lineup instructions, the morphed fillers no longer lead to unfair lineups. These findings highlight the differences in the cognitive processes of mock witnesses and eyewitnesses and they demonstrate the importance of measuring lineup fairness directly from eyewitness identification decisions rather than indirectly using the mock-witness task.
Discrete time domain modeling and design of current mode controlled flyback LED driver
Authors: Kim Marn-Go 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, modeling for a current mode controlled (CMC) flyback LED driver with a stabilizing ramp is performed in a step-by-step procedure. Discrete time state equations for the system are derived and linearized with respect to a steady-state operating point. At this operating point, the switching control law, the condition that determines the duty ratio, is also linearized. In the next step, a closed-loop system model is derived by combining the two models of the flyback driver and the switching control law. The root locus analysis in the z-plane is used to investigate the characteristics of the combined linearized system and obtain design guidelines for feedback loops. The feasibility of the proposed design is confirmed through the experimental results for the CMC flyback LED driver.
Population dynamics and drug resistance mutations in Plasmodium falciparum on the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau
Authors: Moss Sophie , Mańko Emilia , Vasileva Hristina , Da Silva Eunice Teixeira , Goncalves Adriana , Osborne Ashley , Phelan Jody , Rodrigues Amabelia , Djata Paulo , D’Alessandro Umberto , Mabey David , Krishna Sanjeev , Last Anna , Clark Taane G. , Campino Susana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFollowing integrated malaria control interventions, malaria burden on the Bijagós Archipelago has significantly decreased. Understanding the genomic diversity of circulating Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites can assist infection control, through identifying drug resistance mutations and characterising the complexity of population structure. This study presents the first whole genome sequence data for P. falciparum isolates from the Bijagós Archipelago. Amplified DNA from P. falciparum isolates sourced from dried blood spot samples of 15 asymptomatic malaria cases were sequenced. Using 1.3 million SNPs characterised across 795 African P. falciparum isolates, population structure analyses revealed that isolates from the archipelago cluster with samples from mainland West Africa and appear closely related to mainland populations; without forming a separate phylogenetic cluster. This study characterises SNPs associated with antimalarial drug resistance on the archipelago. We observed fixation of the PfDHFR mutations N51I and S108N, associated with resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, and the continued presence of PfCRT K76T, associated with chloroquine resistance. These data have relevance for infection control and drug resistance surveillance; particularly considering expected increases in antimalarial drug use following updated WHO recommendations, and the recent implementation of seasonal malaria chemoprevention and mass drug administration in the region.
Tunable sulphur doping on CuFe2O4 nanostructures for the selective elimination of organic dyes from water
Authors: Aslam Anam , Abid Muhammad Zeeshan , Rafiq Khezina , Rauf Abdul , Hussain Ejaz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, sulphur doped copper ferrites (S-CuFe2O4) photocatalysts were successfully synthesized for the first time using the facile hydrothermal method. The as-synthesized photocatalysts were characterized through XRD, Raman, TGA, FT-IR, UV–Vis-DRS, SEM, EDX and PL techniques. The results revealed that doping with sulphur has been found to be a suitable alternative that causes strain in the lattices as anions replace the oxygen from the CuFe2O4 nanostructures. Due to sulphur dopants, photocatalysts are able to efficiently trap and transfer the photoinduced charges, which readily suppress charge recombination. A UV–Vis spectrophotometer was used to monitor the degradation of selective toxic organic dyes (RhB, CR, MO, and CV) in aqueous media. The dye degradation results provide evidence for the surprisingly superior performance of S-CuFe2O4 over pristine CuFe2O4. On the basis of its efficiencies, this work can be assigned as an excellent candidate for photocatalysis science.
Impacts on water quality in the peatland dominated catchment due to foreseen changes in Nordic Bioeconomy Pathways
Authors: Bhattacharjee Joy , Marttila Hannu , Molina Navarro Eugenio , Juutinen Artti , Tolvanen Anne , Haara Arto , Karhu Jouni , Kløve Bjørn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Nordic Bioeconomy Pathways (NBPs), conceptualized subsets of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways varying from environmentally friendly to open-market competition scenarios, can lead to plausible stressors in future for using bioresources. This study analysed the impacts of NBPs on hydrology and water quality based on two different land system management attributes: management strategy and a combination of reduced stand management and biomass removal at a catchment-scale projection. To understand the potential impacts of NBPs, the Simojoki catchment in northern Finland was chosen, as the catchment mainly covered peatland forestry. The analysis integrated a stakeholder-driven questionnaire, the Finnish Forest dynamics model, and Soil and Water Assessment Tool to build NBP scenarios, including Greenhouse gas emission pathways, for multiple management attributes to simulate flows, nutrients, and suspended solids (SS). For the catchment management strategy, an annual decrease in nutrients was observed for sustainability and business-as-usual scenarios. Reduced stand management and biomass removal also led to decreased export of nutrients and SS for the same scenarios, whereas, in other NBPs, the export of nutrients and SS increased with decreased evapotranspiration. Although the study was investigated at a local scale, based on the current political and socioeconomic situation, the approach used in this study can be outscaled to assess the use of forest and other bioresources in similar catchments.
Framing a novel holistic energy subsystem structure for water-energy-food nexus based on existing literature (basic concepts)
Authors: Vahabzadeh Masoud , Afshar Abbas , Molajou Amir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is interesting to note that the country of Iran is essential in terms of energy production and consumption, and the economy of Iran is mainly dependent on energy revenues. Therefore, thermal and hydropower plants consume water to produce various energy carriers. Considering that Iran is suffering from water stress, the nexus of water and energy becomes very important. This paper frames a comprehensive structure for Iran's energy subsystem within the Water, Energy, and Food (WEF) nexus system. The energy subsystem's supply and demand side in the proposed framework are formulated using data and physic-based equations. The presented framework addresses most interactions between WEF subsystems in a dynamic and adaptive setting. It is shown that through analysis of binding interactions between WEF, different management scenarios can boost the flexibility of the supply and demand side of the energy subsystem. In addition, by incorporating this framework, the water subsystem will manage the allocated and consumed water on the supply side and arrive at the most desirable outcome for the water sector. Also, the optimal cropping pattern could be evaluated based on energy consumption.
Three marine species of the genus Fulvivirga, rich sources of carbohydrate-active enzymes degrading alginate, chitin, laminarin, starch, and xylan
Authors: Nguyen Tra T. H. , Vuong Tien Q. , Han Ho Le , Li Zhun , Lee Yong-Jae , Ko Jaeho , Nedashkovskaya Olga I. , Kim Song-Gun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBacteroidota is a group of marine polysaccharide degraders, which play a crucial role in the carbon cycle in the marine ecosystems. In this study, three novel gliding strains, designated as SS9-22T, W9P-11T, and SW1-E11T, isolated from algae and decaying wood were proposed to represent three novel species of the genus Fulvivirga. We identified a large number of genes encoding for carbohydrate-active enzymes, which potentially participate in polysaccharide degradation, based on whole genome sequencing. The 16S rRNA sequence similarities among them were 94.4–97.2%, and against existing species in the genus Fulvivirga 93.1–99.8%. The complete genomes of strains SS9-22T, W9P-11T, and SW1-E11T comprised one circular chromosome with size of 6.98, 6.52, and 6.39 Mb, respectively; the GC contents were 41.9%, 39.0%, and 38.1%, respectively. The average nucleotide identity and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values with members in the genus Fulvivirga including the isolates were in a range of 68.9–85.4% and 17.1–29.7%, respectively, which are low for the proposal of novel species. Genomic mining in three genomes identified hundreds of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) covering up to 93 CAZyme families and 58–70 CAZyme gene clusters, exceeding the numbers of genes present in the other species of the genus Fulvivirga. Polysaccharides of alginate, chitin, laminarin, starch, and xylan were degraded in vitro, highlighting that the three strains are rich sources of CAZymes of polysaccharide degraders for biotechnological applications. The phenotypic, biochemical, chemotaxonomic, and genomic characteristics supported the proposal of three novel species in the genus Fulvivirga, for which the names Fulvivirga ulvae sp. nov. (SS9-22T = KCTC 82072T = GDMCC 1.2804T), Fulvivirga ligni sp. nov. (W9P-11T = KCTC 72992T = GDMCC 1.2803T), and Fulvivirga maritima sp. nov. (SW1-E11T = KCTC 72832T = GDMCC 1.2802T) are proposed.
In vitro kinase assay reveals ADP-heptose-dependent ALPK1 autophosphorylation and altered kinase activity of disease-associated ALPK1 mutants
Authors: García-Weber Diego , Dangeard Anne-Sophie , Teixeira Veronica , Hauke Martina , Carreaux Alexis , Josenhans Christine , Arrieumerlou Cécile 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlpha-protein kinase 1 (ALPK1) is a pathogen recognition receptor that detects ADP-heptose (ADPH), a lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis intermediate, recently described as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern in Gram-negative bacteria. ADPH binding to ALPK1 activates its kinase domain and triggers TIFA phosphorylation on threonine 9. This leads to the assembly of large TIFA oligomers called TIFAsomes, activation of NF-κB and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Furthermore, mutations in ALPK1 are associated with inflammatory syndromes and cancers. While this kinase is of increasing medical interest, its activity in infectious or non-infectious diseases remains poorly characterized. Here, we use a non-radioactive ALPK1 in vitro kinase assay based on the use of ATPγS and protein thiophosphorylation. We confirm that ALPK1 phosphorylates TIFA T9 and show that T2, T12 and T19 are also weakly phosphorylated by ALPK1. Interestingly, we find that ALPK1 itself is phosphorylated in response to ADPH recognition during Shigella flexneri and Helicobacter pylori infection and that disease-associated ALPK1 mutants exhibit altered kinase activity. In particular, T237M and V1092A mutations associated with ROSAH syndrome and spiradenoma/spiradenocarcinoma respectively, exhibit enhanced ADPH-induced kinase activity and constitutive assembly of TIFAsomes. Altogether, this study provides new insights into the ADPH sensing pathway and disease-associated ALPK1 mutants.
Improving the efficiency of aerosolized insecticide testing against mosquitoes
Authors: Silva Martins Walter Fabricio , Reid Emma , Tomlinson Sean , Evans George , Gibson Jennie , Guy Amy , Donnelly Martin , Weetman David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDeveloping robust and standardised approaches for testing mosquito populations against insecticides is vital for understanding the effectiveness of new active ingredients or formulations. Methods for testing mosquito susceptibility against contact insecticides or products, such as those delivered through public health programmes, are well-established and standardised. Nevertheless, approaches for testing volatile or aerosolized insecticides used in household products can be challenging to implement efficiently. We adapted WHO guidelines for household insecticides to develop a standardised and higher-throughput methodology for testing aerosolized products in a Peet Grady test chamber (PG-chamber) using caged mosquitoes and an efficient decontamination method. The new approach was validated using insecticide resistant and susceptible Aedes and Anopheles mosquito colonies. An added feature is the inclusion of cage-facing cameras to allow real-time quantification of knockdown following insecticide exposure. The wipe-based decontamination method was highly effective for removing pyrethroids' aerosolized oil-based residues from chamber surfaces, with < 2% mortality recorded for susceptible mosquitoes tested directly on the surfaces. There was no spatial heterogeneity for knockdown or mortality of caged mosquitoes within the PG chamber. The dual-cage approach we implement yields eight-times the throughput compared to a free-flight protocol, allows simultaneous testing of different mosquito strains and effectively discriminates susceptible and resistant mosquito colonies tested side-by-side.
Release systems based on self-assembling RADA16-I hydrogels with a signal sequence which improves wound healing processes
Authors: Dzierżyńska Maria , Sawicka Justyna , Deptuła Milena , Sosnowski Paweł , Sass Piotr , Peplińska Barbara , Pietralik-Molińska Zuzanna , Fularczyk Martyna , Kasprzykowski Franciszek , Zieliński Jacek , Kozak Maciej , Sachadyn Paweł , Pikuła Michał , Rodziewicz-Motowidło Sylwia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelf-assembling peptides can be used for the regeneration of severely damaged skin. They can act as scaffolds for skin cells and as a reservoir of active compounds, to accelerate scarless wound healing. To overcome repeated administration of peptides which accelerate healing, we report development of three new peptide biomaterials based on the RADA16-I hydrogel functionalized with a sequence (AAPV) cleaved by human neutrophil elastase and short biologically active peptide motifs, namely GHK, KGHK and RDKVYR. The peptide hybrids were investigated for their structural aspects using circular dichroism, thioflavin T assay, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, as well as their rheological properties and stability in different fluids such as water or plasma, and their susceptibility to digestion by enzymes present in the wound environment. In addition, the morphology of the RADA-peptide hydrogels was examined with a unique technique called scanning electron cryomicroscopy. These experiments enabled us to verify if the designed peptides increased the bioactivity of the gel without disturbing its gelling processes. We demonstrate that the physicochemical properties of the designed hybrids were similar to those of the original RADA16-I. The materials behaved as expected, leaving the active motif free when treated with elastase. XTT and LDH tests on fibroblasts and keratinocytes were performed to assess the cytotoxicity of the RADA16-I hybrids, while the viability of cells treated with RADA16-I hybrids was evaluated in a model of human dermal fibroblasts. The hybrid peptides revealed no cytotoxicity; the cells grew and proliferated better than after treatment with RADA16-I alone. Improved wound healing following topical delivery of RADA-GHK and RADA-KGHK was demonstrated using a model of dorsal skin injury in mice and histological analyses. The presented results indicate further research is warranted into the engineered peptides as scaffolds for wound healing and tissue engineering.
Tumor resident memory CD8 T cells and concomitant tumor immunity develop independently of CD4 help
Authors: Medler Terry R. , Kramer Gwen , Bambina Shelly , Gunderson Andrew J. , Alice Alejandro , Blair Tiffany , Zebertavage Lauren , Duhen Thomas , Duhen Rebekka , Young Kristina , Crittenden Marka R. , Gough Michael J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTissue resident memory (Trm) CD8 T cells infiltrating tumors represent an enriched population of tumor antigen-specific T cells, and their presence is associated with improved outcomes in patients. Using genetically engineered mouse pancreatic tumor models we demonstrate that tumor implantation generates a Trm niche that is dependent on direct antigen presentation by cancer cells. However, we observe that initial CCR7-mediated localization of CD8 T cells to tumor draining lymph nodes is required to subsequently generate CD103+ CD8 T cells in tumors. We observe that the formation of CD103+ CD8 T cells in tumors is dependent on CD40L but independent of CD4 T cells, and using mixed chimeras we show that CD8 T cells can provide their own CD40L to permit CD103+ CD8 T cell differentiation. Finally, we show that CD40L is required to provide systemic protection against secondary tumors. These data suggest that CD103+ CD8 T cell formation in tumors can occur independent of the two-factor authentication provided by CD4 T cells and highlight CD103+ CD8 T cells as a distinct differentiation decision from CD4-dependent central memory.
Photovoltaic performance of MOF-derived transition metal doped titania-based photoanodes for DSSCs
Authors: Nizamudeen C. , Krishnapriya R. , Mozumder M. S. , Mourad A-H. I. , Ramachandran T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe enduring effort toward stabilizing and improving the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has stirred the solar research community to follow innovative approaches. Current research centered on electrode materials design, which improves photoanodes' light-harvesting efficiency (LHE). Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a new family of materials that can be used as competent materials due to their desirable qualities, including high porosity, flexible synthesis methodology, high thermal and chemical stability, and good light-harvesting capabilities. MOF-derived porous photoanodes can effectively adsorb dye molecules and improve LHE, resulting in high power conversion efficiency (PCE). Doping is a prospective methodology to tune the bandgap and broaden spectral absorption. Hence, a novel and cost-effective synthesis of high surface area transition metal (TM) doped TiO2nanocrystals (NCs) via the metal–organic framework route for DSSCs is reported here. Among the TM dopants (i.e., Mn, Fe, Ni), a remarkable PCE of 7.03% was obtained for nickel-doped samples with increased Jsc (14.66 mA/cm2) due to the bandgap narrowing and porous morphology of TiO2. The findings were further confirmed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and dye-desorption experiments. The present study expedites a promising way to enhance the LHE for many innovative optoelectronic devices.
Moiré straintronics: a universal platform for reconfigurable quantum materials
Authors: Kögl M. , Soubelet P. , Brotons-Gisbert M. , Stier A. V. , Gerardot B. D. , Finley J. J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLarge-scale two-dimensional (2D) moiré superlattices are driving a revolution in designer quantum materials. The electronic interactions in these superlattices, strongly dependent on the periodicity and symmetry of the moiré pattern, critically determine the emergent properties and phase diagrams. To date, the relative twist angle between two layers has been the primary tuning parameter for a given choice of constituent crystals. Here, we establish strain as a powerful mechanism to in situ modify the moiré periodicity and symmetry. We develop an analytically exact mathematical description for the moiré lattice under arbitrary in-plane heterostrain acting on any bilayer structure. We demonstrate the ability to fine-tune the moiré lattice near critical points, such as the magic angle in bilayer graphene, or fully reconfigure the moiré lattice symmetry beyond that imposed by the unstrained constituent crystals. Due to this unprecedented simultaneous control over the strength of electronic interactions and lattice symmetry, 2D heterostrain provides a powerful platform to engineer, tune, and probe strongly correlated moiré materials.
Pigmentation and TYRP1 expression are mediated by zinc through the early secretory pathway-resident ZNT proteins
Authors: Wagatsuma Takumi , Suzuki Eisuke , Shiotsu Miku , Sogo Akiko , Nishito Yukina , Ando Hideya , Hashimoto Hisashi , Petris Michael J. , Kinoshita Masato , Kambe Taiho 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2 (TYRP1 and TYRP2) are essential for pigmentation. They are generally classified as type-3 copper proteins, with binuclear copper active sites. Although there is experimental evidence for a copper cofactor in TYR, delivered via the copper transporter, ATP7A, the presence of copper in TYRP1 and TYRP2 has not been demonstrated. Here, we report that the expression and function of TYRP1 requires zinc, mediated by ZNT5–ZNT6 heterodimers (ZNT5–6) or ZNT7–ZNT7 homodimers (ZNT7). Loss of ZNT5–6 and ZNT7 function results in hypopigmentation in medaka fish and human melanoma cells, and is accompanied by immature melanosomes and reduced melanin content, as observed in TYRP1 dysfunction. The requirement of ZNT5–6 and ZNT7 for TYRP1 expression is conserved in human, mouse, and chicken orthologs. Our results provide novel insights into the pigmentation process and address questions regarding metalation in tyrosinase protein family.