bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preschool predictors of loneliness in school‐age children
Authors: Evans Lindsey M. , Hopkins Joyce , Lavigne John V. , Gouze Karen R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChronic loneliness is a risk factor associated with adverse psychological, physical, and academic outcomes. Converging evidence suggests that young children experience and can reliably report on their own loneliness: thus, a clearer understanding of the risk factors for child loneliness is needed. The aims of this study were two‐fold: (a) to examine if temperament (i.e., negative affect, effortful control, inhibitory control), and attachment security assessed at the age of four predict loneliness at the age of six and (b) to determine if social competence at the age of five mediates the relation between temperament and attachment security at the age of four and loneliness at the age of six. Participants included a diverse sample of 796 4‐year‐old children, about half of whom were male. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that lower levels of effortful control and inhibitory control at the age of four significantly predicted greater loneliness at the age of six. Also, while lower levels of negative affect (NA) and higher levels of effortful control and attachment security at the age of four significantly predicted higher levels of social competence at the age of five, social competence at the age of five did not predict loneliness at the age of six. There was no evidence that social competence at the age of five mediated the relation between the age of four temperament, attachment security, and the age of six loneliness. These findings reveal that early self‐regulation is associated with later child‐reported loneliness and that intervention for children who struggle with behavioral regulation may be effective in decreasing risk for later loneliness.
Budgetary investment in evidence‐based practice by chief nurses and stronger EBP cultures are associated with less turnover and better patient outcomes
Authors: Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek , Hsieh Andreanna Pavan , Messinger Jeffery , Thomas Bindu , Connor Linda , Gallagher‐Ford Lynn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHospitals and healthcare systems strive to meet benchmarks for the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicator (NDNQI) measures, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Core Measures, and Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) outcome indicators. Prior research indicates that Chief Nursing Officers and Executives (CNOs, CNEs) believe that evidence‐based practice (EBP) is important for ensuring the quality of care, but they allocate little funding to its implementation and report it as a low priority in their healthcare system. It is not known how EBP budget investment by chief nurses affects NDNQI, CMS Core Measures, and HCAHPS indicators or key EBP attributes and nurse outcomes.AimsThis study aimed to generate evidence on the relationships among the budget devoted to EBP by chief nurses and its impact on key patient and nurse outcomes along with EBP attributes.MethodsA descriptive correlational design was used. An online survey was sent to CNO and CNE members (N = 5026) of various national and regional nurse leader professional organizations across the United States in two recruitment rounds. Data collected included CNO/CNE EBP Beliefs, EBP Implementation, and perceived organizational culture of EBP; organizational culture, structure, personnel, and resources for EBP; percent of budget dedicated to EBP; key performance measures (NDNQI, CMS Core Measures, HCAHPS); nurse satisfaction; nurse turnover; and demographic questions. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize sample characteristics. Kendall's Tau correlation coefficients were calculated among EBP budget, nursing outcome measures, and EBP measures.ResultsOne hundred and fifteen CNEs/CNOs completed the survey (a 2.3% response rate). The majority (60.9%) allocated <5% of their budget to EBP, with a third investing none. An increase in EBP budget was associated with fewer patient falls and trauma, less nursing turnover, and stronger EBP culture and other positive EBP attributes. A greater number of EBP projects were also associated with better patient outcomes.Linking Evidence to ActionChief nurse executives and CNOs allocate very little of their budgets to EBP. When CNEs and CNOs invest more in EBP, patient, nursing, and EBP outcomes improve. System‐wide implementation of EBP, which includes appropriate EBP budget allocation, is necessary for improvements in hospital quality indicators and nursing turnover.
A Deep Study on a Particle-Water Coupled Fast Induction Heating System
Authors: Lu Junfeng , Zhang Hao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A particle induction heating method to promote electrical heating performance for water is studied in this paper. The method sinks metal particles (we chose Nickel particles) inside water, and uses a radio frequency (RF) oscillating magnetic field to heat the particle bed. The heat generated on the surface of particles by electrical eddy current further raises the temperature of water. Our experimental results show that this thermal process has a remarkably high heating rate owing to the huge heat dissipation area of particles (in some experiment cases, water boils in seconds, even though the volume ratio of particle to water is only 1:89). To describe the physical nature of the process, a mathematical model is proposed. And our numerical simulation results generated from the model agree very well with the experimental data. However, some parameters used in the model are not easily obtainable for engineering application. Thereafter, to predict the temperature for the heating process, at the end of this work, artificial intelligent neural network architecture is further proposed.
Erratum to “Ultra-High Temperature Thermal Conductivity Measurements of a Reactive Magnesium Manganese Oxide Porous Bed Using a Transient Hot Wire Method,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 143(10), p. 104502, DOI: 10.1115/1.4052081
Authors: Hayes Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Some correlation values in the original work (Ref. 1) were not presented with enough decimal places. These errata update these values and present some revised results.
Algebraic Modeling of Cylindrical Interference-Free Power-Skiving Tool for Involute Internal Gear Cutting With Tilt Angle
Authors: Tsai Chung-Yu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The development of feasible methods for the design of power-skiving tools without cutting interference is essential in ensuring the accuracy of involute internal machined gears. One of the most crucial points in obtaining interference-free and resharpenable power-skiving tools is that of determining the cutting-edge and clearance surface. The present study introduces a tilt angle during the power-skiving process to design a simple cylindrical interference-free tool shape, in which the shape of the cutting edge remains unchanged after resharpening. The relative position between the new tool center point and gear during machining is similarly unchanged after resharpening. In addition, the clearance angle between the tool and the gear can be easily adjusted simply by changing the tilt angle of the tool during power-skiving. The validity of the proposed design method is demonstrated through a simple numerical example. The simulation results confirm the feasibility of the proposed method.
Impact Magnitude and Symmetry in Females During Return to Sport Tasks Measured With Inertial Sensors
Authors: Chaaban Courtney R. , King Camille , Padua Darin A. 
Published: April 2023

Context: Impact magnitude, such as peak tibial acceleration, may be associated with lower extremity injury risk and can be measured with an inertial sensor. An understanding of impact magnitude across functional tasks could guide clinicians in exercise prescription during rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries. Objectives: To determine (1) differences in impact magnitude based on task and (2) which tasks have asymmetrical impact magnitude based on limb dominance. Design: Observational cohort design. Thirty-three healthy, recreationally active adult females participated in 1 testing session on a basketball court. Methods: Participants wore inertial sensors with embedded accelerometers on bilateral distal shanks. Participants completed 9 plyometric, speed, and agility tasks commonly utilized during the return to sport phase of lower extremity rehabilitation. Main Outcome Measures: Average impact magnitude (peak tibial acceleration in multiples of gravity, g) for each limb for each task. Analyses: We used a repeated-measures analysis of variance (factor: task) to determine the differences in impact magnitude based on task. We categorized tasks by magnitude of impact into low, medium, high, and very high impact. We utilized paired t tests for each task to compare limbs (dominant vs nondominant). Results: Impact magnitude differed based on task (P < .001). We classified tasks as low impact (≤10g; single-leg [SL] lateral jump, double-leg [DL] lateral jump); medium impact (11–20g; SL vertical jump, box drill); high impact (21–30g; modified T test, DL forward jump, SL forward jump); and very high impact (≥31g; sprint, DL tuck jump). Impact magnitude differed by limb in 3 tasks (DL forward jump, DL lateral jump, and box drill), with a higher impact on the dominant limb in each task. Conclusions: Impact magnitude differed based on task. While most tasks had symmetric impact magnitude between limbs, 3 tasks had a higher impact magnitude on the dominant limb.
Multiomics and spatial mapping characterizes human CD8
+
T cell states in cancer
Authors: Naulaerts Stefan , Datsi Angeliki , Borras Daniel M. , Antoranz Martinez Asier , Messiaen Julie , Vanmeerbeek Isaure , Sprooten Jenny , Laureano Raquel S. , Govaerts Jannes , Panovska Dena , Derweduwe Marleen , Sabel Michael C. , Rapp Marion , Ni Weiming , Mackay Sean , Van Herck Yannick , Gelens Lendert , Venken Tom , More Sanket , Bechter Oliver , Bergers Gabriele , Liston Adrian , De Vleeschouwer Steven , Van Den Eynde Benoit J. , Lambrechts Diether , Verfaillie Michiel , Bosisio Francesca , Tejpar Sabine , Borst Jannie , Sorg Rüdiger V. , De Smet Frederik , Garg Abhishek D. 
Published: April 2023

Clinically relevant immunological biomarkers that discriminate between diverse hypofunctional states of tumor-associated CD8
+
T cells remain disputed. Using multiomics analysis of CD8
+
T cell features across multiple patient cohorts and tumor types, we identified tumor niche–dependent exhausted and other types of hypofunctional CD8
+
T cell states. CD8
+
T cells in “supportive” niches, like melanoma or lung cancer, exhibited features of tumor reactivity–driven exhaustion (CD8
+
T
EX
). These included a proficient effector memory phenotype, an expanded T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire linked to effector exhaustion signaling, and a cancer-relevant T cell–activating immunopeptidome composed of largely shared cancer antigens or neoantigens. In contrast, “nonsupportive” niches, like glioblastoma, were enriched for features of hypofunctionality distinct from canonical exhaustion. This included immature or insufficiently activated T cell states, high wound healing signatures, nonexpanded TCR repertoires linked to anti-inflammatory signaling, high T cell–recognizable self-epitopes, and an antiproliferative state linked to stress or prodeath responses. In situ spatial mapping of glioblastoma highlighted the prevalence of dysfunctional CD4
+
:CD8
+
T cell interactions, whereas ex vivo single-cell secretome mapping of glioblastoma CD8
+
T cells confirmed negligible effector functionality and a promyeloid, wound healing–like chemokine profile. Within immuno-oncology clinical trials, anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy facilitated glioblastoma’s tolerogenic disparities, whereas dendritic cell (DC) vaccines partly corrected them. Accordingly, recipients of a DC vaccine for glioblastoma had high effector memory CD8
+
T cells and evidence of antigen-specific immunity. Collectively, we provide an atlas for assessing different CD8
+
T cell hypofunctional states in immunogenic versus nonimmunogenic cancers.
Supplemental Material: Mechanical weakening of a mudrock seal by reaction with CO<sub>2</sub>-charged fluids
Authors: Busch Andreas , al. et 
Published: April 2023

<p>Methods used in this study, including nano-indentation tests, small and very small angle neutron scattering to obtain porosity and pore size distribution, and fracture analysis. Scanning electron microscopy summary is provided to support mineralogical changes of the mudrock. </p>
Investigating the hypoalgesic effects of spinal manipulative therapy using hidden pain conditioning and positive expectation in patients with chronic low back pain: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nogueira Carrer Helen Cristina , Lima Thamiris Costa de , George Steven Z , Reis Felipe José Jandre dos , Dias Deise Lilian Costa , Campanha Bianca Emanuelli Saes , Chaves Thaís Cristina 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionPlacebo effects are responses capable of modulating pain and influencing treatment response. Two mechanisms are commonly related to placebo effects: expectations and conditioning. However, the research in this field is focused on laboratory studies with healthy participants. This study aims to identify whether a conditioning procedure with positive induced expectations about spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) will result in greater hypoalgesic effects in adults with chronic low back pain (CLBP) in a clinical trial design.Methods and analysisThis trial will enrol 264 patients with non-specific CLBP, aged 18–60 years. Patients will undergo a calibration test to determine the thermal pain threshold for the hidden pain conditioning procedure. Afterward, they will be randomised to one of the three groups: hidden pain conditioning with positive induced expectations—group one (G1); positive expectations—group two (G2) and neutral expectations—group three (G3). Patients will receive instructions to manipulate the expectations. The pretreatment heat pain test will be performed before the SMT and after the intervention patients will undergo again the heat pain intensity test. However, only patients in G1 will receive hidden pain conditioning to reinforce the association between SMT and pain intensity reduction. All patients will undergo five sessions of SMT. The outcomes will be assessed immediately after the last session and at the 6 weeks and 3-month follow-ups. All statistical analyses will be conducted following intention-to-treat principles, and the treatment effects will be determined with linear mixed models.Ethics and disseminationThe Federal University of São Carlos approved this research (Process n° 52359521.1.0000.5504). All participants will give written informed consent. Dissemination of the results will include publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences. If positive expectations and classical conditioning improve outcomes, it may support the administration of such intervention.Trial registration numberNCT05202704.
Antibiotic resistance spectrum ofE. colistrains from different samples and age-grouped patients: a 10-year retrospective study
Authors: Wang Sipei , Zhao Sheng , Zhou Yangxiao , Jin Shanshan , Ye Tinghua , Pan Xinling 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveEscherichia coli(E. coli) is the most common opportunistic clinical micro-organism with high drug resistance. This study aimed to analyse the resistance pattern ofE. coliaccording to patient age and clinical sample type.Design and settingThis retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in southeastern China.ParticipantsE. colistrains were isolated from blood, urine and sputum of infected inpatients. The patients were divided into four age groups: children (0–14 years old, including neonatal and non-neonatal groups), youths (15–40 years old), middle-aged (41–60 years old) and old (>60 years old).ResultsA total of 7165E. colistrains were collected from all samples. Compared with urine and blood isolates, more sputum isolates were resistant against 12 tested antibiotics. Furthermore, urine isolates were more resistant to levofloxacin than sputum and blood isolates. Although the patients’ age was not associated with resistance rates ofE. colistrains isolated from blood, a larger proportion of urine-derived strains from youths were resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and piperacillin-tazobactam than those from old people. The sputum strains from the elderly were more resistant to most of the tested antibiotics compared with sputum strains isolated from children.ConclusionsThe resistance profile ofE. coliis different among age groups and specimen sources and should be considered duringE. coliinfection treatment.
Quality of life and its associated factors among home-dwelling older people residing in the District of Colombo, Sri Lanka: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Wijesiri Hapuarachchige Sewvandi Maliga S K , Wasalathanthri Sudharshani , De Silva Weliange Shreenika , Wijeyaratne Chandrika N 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThis community-based cross-sectional study explored the factors affecting overall and domain-specific (physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environmental) quality of life (QOL) of home-dwelling older residents of the District of Colombo, Sri Lanka.MethodsA representative sample (n=723) of older adults aged >65 years was obtained by the multistage cluster sampling technique. QOL was assessed using the validated Sinhala version of WHOQOL BREF Questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS V.20.ResultsThe mean±SD age was 72.23±6.3 years with the overall QOL score being (mean±SD) 56.73±12.57/100. The mean±SD QOL score of physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environmental domains were 55.81±15.80, 59.25±14.68, 46.36±20.08 and 64.61±11.96, respectively. The overall QOL in the adjusted model showed a significant positive association with the educational status, living conditions (with spouse, with spouse and children), participation in religious activities, being visited by friends or relatives and financial independence. The overall QOL was negatively associated with limitations in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living, chronic arthritis and heart disease in the adjusted model. Living with the spouse was positively associated with the psychological domain of QOL. Osteoporosis and chronic arthritis affected the physical health domain, while cancer and disabling stroke affected the psychological domain of QOL negatively. All statistical significances were considered at p<0.05.ConclusionThe overall QOL of home-dwelling elders of the Colombo District is moderate, with the lowest score being in social relationships and the highest in the environmental domain. Educational status, engaging in religious activities and financial independence are key factors associated with a better QOL. Limitations in physical activity and chronic diseases are associated with a reduced QOL. Living with the spouse is a key factor associated with the psychological health domain.
Retrospective cohort study on treatment modalities and survival time after oesophageal fistula in patients with oesophageal cancer in a regional cancer care centre in China
Authors: Xu Wencai , Jiang Hui , Liu Yang , Liu Xiao , Jiang Yue 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundOesophageal fistula (perforation) is a devastating complication in patients with oesophageal cancer . The optimal treatment remains uncertain.ObjectiveWe sought to present real-world evidence on treatment modalities and survival postfistula in patients with oesophageal cancer.Design, settings and main outcomesThis was a retrospective cohort study of patients with oesophageal cancer with oesophageal fistulae diagnosed between June 2010 and June 2020 in a regional cancer care centre in Zhengzhou, China (n=352). The treatment options included surgical resection, oesophageal stent grafting, gastrostomy, nasogastric tube and conservative care. The primary outcome was survival time (months) postfistula. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) life regression was used to estimate the differences in survival time accounting for potential confounders.ResultsThe median survival time was 2.3 months (IQR: 0.7–6.0 months). Survival times were shorter in patients of male sex, T4 stage and oesophagotracheal versus oesophageal-mediastinal fistulae, and longer for any treatment option versus conservative care. The IPTW life regression analyses showed that in patients with oesophagotracheal fistulae, survival times were longer for stent grafting (+0.90 (95% CI 0.60 to 1.19) months) or gastrostomy (+0.81 (95% CI 0.47 to 1.13) months) versus nasogastric tube. In patients with oesophageal-mediastinal fistulae, survival times were shorter for stent grafting versus nasogastric tube (−0.36 (95% CI –0.63 to –0.09) months) and gastric tube (−0.29 (95% CI −0.50 to –0.08) months). Surgical resection was recorded in nine patients with oesophageal-mediastinal fistulae, and it was associated with the longest survival time in these patients.ConclusionsStent grafting or gastrostomy may be preferable to nasogastric tube in survival prognosis for patients with oesophageal cancer with oesophagotracheal fistulae. In contrast, stent grafting may be not preferable to nasogastric tube or gastrostomy in survival prognosis for patients with oesophageal-mediastinal fistulae.
Use of norepinephrine in preterm neonates with dopamine-resistant shock: a retrospective single-centre cross-sectional study
Authors: Lu Pei , Sun Yifan , Gong Xiaohui , Li Zhiling , Hong Wenchao 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundNorepinephrine (NE) is recommended for children and full-term neonates (born at >37 gestational weeks) with septic shock. Meanwhile, data on the effectiveness of NE in preterm neonates are still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of NE in preterm neonates with dopamine-resistant shock compared with that in full-term neonates.MethodsThis was a single-centre, retrospective (January 2010–December 2020) cohort study of neonates with persistent shock despite adequate fluid resuscitation and dopamine or dobutamine administration at ≥10 μg/kg/min. Medical records of neonates treated with NE were retrospectively reviewed to collect respiratory and haemodynamic parameters and results of arterial blood gas (ABG) tests before and 8 hours after NE infusion. The effectiveness of NE was assessed using changes in clinical parameters and multiple regression models for mortality among subgroups of preterm and full-term neonates.ResultsNinety-two neonates (76% preterm) who received NE infusion were included in the study. NE infusion was started after a median of 7 hours (IQR 2–19 hours) after shock onset. Among the preterm neonates, the maximum dose of NE infusion was 0.5 (IQR 0.3–1.0) µg/kg/min with a median duration of 45 (IQR 24.0–84.5) hours. Haemodynamic dysfunction was ameliorated with increased blood pressure, decreased heart rate and improved ABG results. Preterm neonates with septic shock tended to have a reduced response to NE; however, preterm neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn tended to have a better response. Thirty-four (37%) neonates died in our cohort. The timing, dose and duration of NE use were not associated with neonatal mortality.ConclusionsAlthough using NE effectively improves clinical parameters in preterm neonates with dopamine-resistant shock, our study is underpowered to identify the association between NE infusion and mortality in preterm neonates with dopamine-resistant shock.