bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Astragalus adscendens extract shows antidiabetic effects through controlling oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Raziani Yosra , Karami Kimia , Mohammadi Hamid Reza , Mahmoudvand Hossein , Moradi Mohammad Nabi , Yadegari Javad Ghasemian 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To assess the effect of oral treatment of methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Astragalus adscendens in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:
In order to induce diabetes, rats intraperitoneally received streptozotocin at 65 mg/kg. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were allocated into six groups (10 rats per each) including the healthy control group, the diabetic group as well as the diabetic group treated with Astragalus adscendens methanolic extract at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg per day or glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg/day) for 28 d. The effects of Astragalus adscendens methanolic extract on the levels of glucose, insulin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, creatinine, urea, uric acid, total protein, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, α-amylase, oxidant/antioxidant enzymes, and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Real time-PCR was also used for measuring the gene expression of caspase-3, Bcl2, and Bax.

Results:
The levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine, urea, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and malondialdehyde considerably declined (P<0.001) in diabetic rats after treatment with Astragalus adscendens methanolic extract especially at a dose of 200 mg/kg. In addition, treatment with Astragalus adscendens methanolic extract noticeably increased the level of insulin, total protein, and albumin as well as improved the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, caspase-3, Bcl2 and Bax (P<0.001) compared to the diabetic control group. The extract also inhibited α-amylase in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 19.6 µg/mL.

Conclusions:

Astragalus adscendens methanolic extract shows potent antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant effects in diabetic rats. However, more studies are needed to verify the underlying mechanism of the effect of this plant extract and test its efficacy in clinical trials.
A study on the burden of disability among the residents of Endosulfan-sprayed areas of Dakshina Kannada
Authors: Sanora Arjun B , Senapathi Pradeep , Perduru Sushantha , Kambale Shambulinga , Salim Saniya K , Azeez Abeera , Shabanaz  
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Endosulfan is one of the most dangerous pesticides with numerous nations reporting unintentional and deliberate harm brought on by its use. Before a ban was put in place, Endosulfan was widely applied on the cashew plantations in more than 90 villages in the Dakshina Kannada district. This study aims to assess the severity of disease among persons identified with specific illnesses in Endosulfan-sprayed areas of Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka.

Materials and Methods:
A record-based study was conducted from September, 2022 to October 2022 where detailed information was obtained regarding persons identified with specific illnesses in Endosulfan-sprayed areas of Dakshina Kannada from records maintained at the District Health Office of Dakshina Kannada. Data regarding socio-demographic details and severity of disability were collected.

Results:
Among five taluks of Dakshina Kannada district, a total of 4542 persons were identified with specific illness due to Endosulfan spray. Majority are in Puttur taluk (40%) followed by Belthangadi taluk (34.6%). The severity of disability was <25%, 25%–60%, and >60% for 12.1%, 20.7%, and 60.5%, respectively. Overall mortality was 6.6%.

Conclusion:
Disability more in Puttur and Belthangadi taluks. Disability allowance can be increased and allowance can be given to persons with <25% disability also.
Preliminary Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Study of the Stem Bark of Berberis Aristata DC
Authors: Paudel Kiran , Ramamurthy A , Sharma Gaurav 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Berberis aristata DC. (Daruharidra) is the shrub of 8 feet in height. The root is woody thick and the bark is thin and brittle. B. aristata DC. have simple leaf arrangement. Flowers are numerous with racemose inflorescence. Fruits are small berry. Ethnobotanically, the plant is used in hepatic-related diseases, especially in jaundice, enlargement of the spleen and as an emmenagog. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity. Berries are used as laxative and antiscorbutics.

Aim:
The following study is based on the pharmacognostical and phytochemical study of B. aristata DC.

Subjects and Methods:

B. aristata DC. were collected from natural habitat and authenticated properly. TS, LS section of B. aristata DC. and powder microscopy of it were studied. The extractive values, pH values, moisture contents, and ash values were calculated. Rf value of the sample drug was also calculated.

Results:
The bark of B. aristata DC. is yellowish brown. The pharmacognostic, phytochemical, and thin layer chromatography of the drug sample were done, and values were evaluated.

Conclusion:
From the pharmacognostical study of the stem bark of B. aristata DC., there is cork which is thin-walled brown cells. Presences of starch grain, yellow coloring matter, trichomes in elongated cells, 'V-shaped vascular bundles are the diagnostic characteristics of B. aristata DC. Dragendorff's test positive signifies the presence of alkaloids in B. aristata DC. extract.
Can Environmental Assessment Protect Caribou? Analysis of EA in Nunavut, Canada, 1999-2019
Authors: Cameron Emilie , Kennedy Sheena 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses the environmental assessment of every proposed mining project that has undergone full review through the Nunavut Impact Review Board from 1999 to 2019, with specific emphasis on how impacts to caribou were identified and assessed. Caribou are the most important terrestrial species in Nunavut from a food security, traditional culture, and harvesting perspective, and mining is known to have impacts on caribou habitat, migration and calving behaviour, predation and hunting patterns, and other effects. Close study of how caribou impacts are discerned and evaluated within environmental assessment (EA) can thus reveal broader trends about both EA and the broader resource governance process. Although some project proposals were initially rejected, every EA ultimately concluded that impacts to caribou were not significant, despite evidence presented to the contrary. We present three modes through which serious impacts are rendered insignificant within EA (mitigation, strategic use of scale, and strategic use of Inuit knowledge and consultation) and comment on the broader context shaping EA in Nunavut. We argue that EA cannot do what it is expected to do (come to rational, science-based decisions that balance ecological, social, and economic goals) and is an insufficient tool for ensuring the long-term well-being of caribou in Nunavut.
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) presenting as spontaneous pneumothorax in young boy
Authors: Lonsane Abhijeet Rameshwar , Wankhede Vaibhav Vishwambhar , Tirpude Sneha , Rout Abhipsa , Kekre Geeta 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is most common congenital lung anomaly of lower respiratory tract accounting for approximately 25% of all congenital pulmonary malformations. It is usually unilateral and involves single lobe of lung. It is usually diagnosed prenatally; rarely found in children and adults. We report a rare case of 14-year-old male presented with sudden onset breathlessness secondary to right sided pneumothorax associated with right lower lobe cystic lesion; successfully managed with multidisciplinary approach involving tube thoracostomy and non-anatomical wedge resection of right lower lobe cystic lesion (using VATS). Adults diagnosed with CPAM usually present with breathlessness, fever, recurrent pulmonary infection, pneumothorax, and haemoptysis. For definitive treatment of symptomatic CPAM cases, surgical resection at the time of diagnosis is recommended in view of possible risk of malignant transformation and recurrent respiratory tract infections. Considering the mild but definitive risk of malignancy, it is advocated to closely monitor the individuals with CPAM even after the surgical resection.
Nebulised magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Datta Priyankar Kumar , Aravindan Ajisha , Nath Sayan , Chowdhury Sumit Roy , Dutta Deep 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of nebulised magnesium in the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for randomised controlled trials comparing any dose of nebulised magnesium sulphate with placebo for treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD, published from database inception till 30 June 2022. Bibliographic mining of relevant results was performed to identify any additional studies. Data extraction and analyses were done independently by review authors and any disagreements were resolved through consensus. Meta-analysis was done using a fixed-effect model at clinically significant congruent time points reported across maximum studies to ensure comparability of treatment effect. Four studies met the inclusion criteria, randomly assigning 433 patients to the comparisons of interest in this review. Pooled analysis showed that nebulised magnesium sulphate improved pulmonary expiratory flow function at 60 minutes after initiation of intervention compared to placebo [median difference (MD) 9.17%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.94 to 15.41]. Analysis of expiratory function in terms of standardised mean differences (SMD) revealed a small yet significant positive effect size (SMD 0.24, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.43). Among the secondary outcomes, nebulised magnesium sulphate reduced the need for ICU admission (risk ratio 0.52, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.95), amounting to 61 fewer ICU admissions per 1000 patients. No difference was noted in the need for hospital admission, need for ventilatory support, or mortality. No adverse events were reported. Nebulised magnesium sulphate improves pulmonary expiratory flow function and reduces the need for ICU admission in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.
Evaluating the Effect of an Intervention on Timeliness and Accuracy of Routine Immunization Data Reporting in Nigeria
Authors: Tor S , Onyeneho NG , Okolie N , Aronu N Idemili , Atumah O , Okwuosa LN , Igwe I , Ebenezer OT , Ezenwaka U , Mbachu C , Onwujekwe OE 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This paper provides new knowledge on the outcomes of an intervention implemented to improve the timeliness and accuracy of routine immunization (RI) data reporting for decision-making in Nigeria.

Method:
It used a pre-and post-intervention cross-sectional study design with 600 respondents selected from health facilities through a multistage sampling technique. A set of uniformly structured questionnaires was used to collect data on health workers’ perspectives on the uses of immunization data, collection, archiving, and storage of immunization data as well as the challenges associated with these, and suggestions for improvement. Data were also collected on the quality of immunization data available in the immunization programs using checklists on the timeliness and completeness of data submitted from the lower to the higher levels of the immunization programs. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Chi-square statistics were used to measure the differences in the availability and quality of data before and after intervention. The dependent variables were timeliness and completeness of reporting of immunization data, whereas the independent variables included timing of the study, socio-demographic characteristics of the public health workers, and the area councils. The level of significance was set at a P value <0.05.

Results:
The results revealed general improvements in the key quality indicators of timeliness and completeness of RI data post-intervention. There were significant improvements in timeliness (F-ratio 5.35 (P < 0.05) and completeness (F-ratio 10.65 (P < 0.05) of submission of RI data following the intervention.

Conclusion:
The study has demonstrated the effectiveness of improving RI data quality through implementation research for evidence-informed decision-making toward effective coverage of immunization programs.
Priority Setting of Implementation Research Questions to Strengthen Immunization Data Systems for Equitable Immunization Coverage in Nigeria
Authors: Onwujekwe O , Mbachu CO , Agu IC 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This paper presents stakeholders’ prioritization of implementation research questions for strengthening immunization data systems and improving immunization coverage in Nigeria.

Methods:
The methods used were document review and stakeholder consultation workshop. Twenty-four routine immunization stakeholders from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria and the federal level participated in the workshop. A modified nominal group technique was used to generate a list of implementation research questions, which were then ranked in order of importance on a five-point Likert scale. There were two rounds of ranking based on six criteria—answerability, feasibility, affordability, potential for translation, ethics, and potential for impact. The mean of criteria scores was calculated for each question.

Results:
A comprehensive list of 81 priority research questions was generated. Their scores ranged from 154 to 253 in the first round of ranking, and from 106 to 260 in the second round. The top three research priorities for strengthening immunization data and information systems in Nigeria are (i) How can poor data management and utilization for decision-making be minimized? (ii) How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected immunization data and information systems, and what strategies can be used to mitigate the effect of the pandemic on immunization coverage and data systems? (iii) How can training and retraining in data management be made feasible and available at the local government level for immunization and M&E officers?.

Conclusion:
This process resulted in the identification of high-priority research questions that would generate relevant evidence for improving routine immunization data and information systems in Nigeria.
Prevalence, Characteristics, and Outcomes Associated with Acute Kidney Injury among Adult Patients with Severe Dengue in Mainland China
Authors: Wang Changtai , Hong Wenxin , Ou Zhiyue , Yang Huiqin , Zhao Lingzhai , Zhang Zhenhua , Zhang Fuchun 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur in adult patients with severe dengue (SD) and have serious clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of AKI in adult patients with SD; the correlation of dengue virus (DENV) serological and virological profiles with AKI; and the clinical features of patients with severe AKI who received renal replacement treatment (RRT). This multicenter study was conducted in Guangdong Province, China, between January 2013 and November 2019. A total of 242 patients were evaluated, of which 85 (35.1%) developed AKI and 32 (13.2%) developed severe AKI (stage 3). Patients with AKI had a higher fatality rate (22.4% versus 5.7%; P < 0.001) and longer length of hospital stay (median: 13 versus 9 days; P < 0.001). Independent risk factors for AKI were hypertension (odds ratio [OR]: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.10–3.76), use of nephrotoxic drugs (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.00–3.60), respiratory distress (OR: 4.15; 95% CI: 1.787–9.632), high international normalized ratio (INR) levels (OR: 6.44; 95% CI: 1.89–21.95), and hematuria (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.14–3.95). There was no significant association between DENV serological and virological profiles and the presence or absence of AKI. Among patients with severe AKI, those who received RRT had a longer length of hospital stay and similar fatality rate. Hence, adult patients with SD should be closely monitored for the development of AKI to enable timely and appropriate therapy.
Malaria-Related Psychosocial Factors, Past Antenatal Care–Seeking Behaviors, and Future Antenatal Care–Seeking Intentions by Maternal Age in Malawi and Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Olapeju Bolanle , Bride Michael , Gutman Julie R. , Butts Jessica K. , Malpass Ashley , McCartney-Melstad Anna , Van Lith Lynn M. , Rodriguez Katie , Youll Susan , Mbeye Nyanyiwe , Ntoya Ferdinand , Lankhulani Sosten , Mpata Florence , Babalola Stella 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT.
Young women in sub-Saharan Africa are a group at increased risk for malaria in pregnancy. Early antenatal care (ANC) seeking makes it more likely that women will receive the recommended doses of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy. This study used data from national Malaria Behavior Surveys conducted in Malawi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in 2021 to explore the association between intention to attend ANC in the first trimester for a future pregnancy (early ANC intention) and psychosocial factors among women aged 15–49 years. Eight psychosocial factors related to ANC and based on the ideation model were included, including knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy. The study used multivariable logistic regression models controlling for demographic characteristics to evaluate associations between early ANC intention and the individual ideational factors and the composite measure. Analysis included 2,148 women aged 15–49 years (Malawi: 827, DRC: 1,321). Antenatal care ideation was lower among young (aged 15–20 years) than among older (aged 21–49 years) women in Malawi. Young mothers with higher ANC ideation were more likely to intend to attend ANC early in their next pregnancy in both countries. Specific ideational factors associated with intention to attend ANC early varied by country and included positive attitudes, knowledge of ANC, and positive self-efficacy. In Malawi and the DRC, youth-friendly social and behavior change interventions to increase ANC-related ideation could increase future early ANC attendance among young women to improve malaria and birth outcomes.
ANALISA SISTEM INFORMASI PENGADAAN PT. MEDIS KOMPLET INDONESIA
Authors: Situmeang Nita Sari Repelita , Elyas Ananda Hadi , Rahman M. Arif 
Published: June 2023

AbstrakPenulisan Tugas Akhir ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan ”Sistem Informasi Pengadaan Barang Pada perusahaan PT. MEDIS KOMPLET I NDONESIA ” agar dapat memudahkan proses pengadaan barang atas permintaan barang oleh petugas tehnical. Dengan demikian, pencatatan kegiatan pengadaan dapat dilakukan dengan lebih mudah. Adapun program yang di gunakan dalam tugas akhir ini adalah dengan menggunakan bahasa pemograman Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 sebagai antar muka (interfacace). Sql Server 2000 sebagai Basis data serta Crystal Report 8. 5 untuk pembuatan laporan permintaan barang, laporan pengadaan barang yang bertujuan untuk dijadikan alternative atas penyelesaian permasalahan data yang selama ini dihadapi. uji coba yang dilakukan untuk aplikasi ini dengan menggunakan program apakah sudah sesuai dengan yang di maksud dalam perancangan syste m dan verifikasi untuk memeriksa apakah masih ada kesalahan program yang di buat. Hasil program menunjukan bahwa pencatatan perangkat lunak dengan basis data yang terhubung sehingga dapat menyimpan berbagai arsip dan informasi yang di butuhkan oleh perusahaan . Aplikasi ini mencakup system pengadaan barang , stok barang dan penginputan data melalui komputerisasi. Kata Kunci : Informasi, sistem analisis.
Implementation of 100% Tobacco Free Campus at the University of Riau, Efforts and the Challengees
Authors: Nazriati Elda , Zulharman Zulharman , Firdaus Firdaus , Alhakim Muhammad Faris 
Published: June 2023

Indonesia is a country with the fourth-largest cigarette consumption in the world. In an effort to realize a healthy Indonesia, the government issued a regulation on Guidelines for Smoking Free Zones. One of the locations that are expected to implement Smoking Free Zones is a university which is called Tobacco Free Campus (TFC). The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of 100% TFC in all faculties in the University of Riau. Data obtained by TFC observation and face-to-face interviews. Observations were made in 10 faculties, and interviews with 67 informants consisting of heads of administration, lecturers, staff, and students. To maintain data accuracy, source triangulation and method triangulation were performed. The results of this study indicate that ten faculties at the University of Riau did not meet the criteria of TFC. Some of the efforts that have been made in the application of 100% TFC include the TFC policy, media promotion of smoking bans, socialization of TFC, and imposition of sanctions on the TFC policy. Some of these obstacles include the absence of a TFC policy in most faculties, the absence of a TFC monitoring team, the uneven distribution of promotional media in strategic places, the absence of TFC socialization, no sanctions applied for TFC violations, academicians who do not comply with TFC standards, and locations that are considered as a smoking area.
Farming of The Future: How Tech Companies Triggers A Farming Revolution
Authors: Wardhana Muhammad Zaky Nur Fitra 
Published: June 2023

Advances in technology in communication currently have a significant change throughout all sectors. Agriculture especially in Indonesia has a big potential to apply this 4.0 technology that will drive a significant output and productivity in crops production. The world’s population is projected to rise from 7.4 billion currently to 8.1 billion in 2025, according to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization. The UN food agency’s latest annual agricultural outlook, produced alongside the OECD, forecast that 80% of the increase in crop output needed to feed this population would come from yield improvements. The main idea of this paper is twofold: the first one is to Understand how agriculture 4.0 could take place and improve the productivity of a crops production with a descriptive approach. And the second one is to Understand what the gaps of Indonesia as 3rd are ranked rice producer in the world to deploy the agriculture 4.0