bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Consistence of Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI and Filter‐Exchange Imaging in Measuring Water Exchange Across the Blood–Brain Barrier in High‐Grade Glioma
Authors: Wang Zejun , Wang Bao , Li Zhaoqing , Han Guangxu , Meng Cheng , Jiao Bingjie , Guo Kaiyue , Hsu Yi‐Cheng , Sun Yi , Liu Yingchao , Bai Ruiliang 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundWater exchange across blood–brain barrier (BBB) (WEXBBB) is an emerging biomarker of BBB dysfunction with potential applications in many brain diseases. Several MRI methods have been proposed to measure WEXBBB, but evidence remains scarce whether different methods can produce comparable WEXBBB.PurposeTo explore whether dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI and vascular water exchange imaging (VEXI) could produce comparable WEXBBB in high‐grade glioma (HGG) patients.Study TypeProspective cross‐sectional.Subjects13 HGG patients (58.4 ± 9.4 years, 9 females, 4 WHO III and 9 WHO IV).Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T, spoiled gradient‐recalled‐echo DCE‐MRI and VEXI containing two pulsed‐gradient spin‐echo blocks separated by a mixing block.AssessmentsThe enhanced tumor and contralateral normal‐appearing white matter (cNAWM) volume‐of‐interests (VOIs) were drew by two neuroradiologists. And whole‐brain NAWM and normal‐appearing gray matter (NAGM) without tumor‐affected regions were segmented by automated segmentation algorithm in FSL.Statistical TestsStudent's t‐test was used to evaluate parameters difference between cNAWM and tumor, NAGM and NAWM, respectively. The correlation between vascular water efflux rate constant (kbo) from DCE‐MRI and apparent exchange rate across BBB (AXRBBB) from VEXI was evaluated by Pearson correlation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsCompared with cNAWM, both kbo and AXRBBB were significantly reduced in tumor (kbo = 3.50 ± 1.18 sec−1 vs. 1.03 ± 0.75 sec−1; AXRBBB = 3.54 ± 1.11 sec−1 vs. 1.94 ± 1.04 sec−1). Both kbo and AXRBBB showed significantly higher values in NAWM than NAGM (kbo = 3.50 ± 0.59 sec−1 vs. 2.10 ± 0.56 sec−1; AXRBBB = 3.35 ± 0.77 sec−1 vs. 2.07 ± 0.52 sec−1). The VOI‐averaged kbo and AXRBBB were also linearly correlated in tumor, NAWM, and NAGM (r = 0.59).Data ConclusionDCE‐MRI and VEXI showed comparable and correlated WEXBBB in HGG patients, suggesting that the consistence and reliability of these two MRI methods in measuring WEXBBB.Evidence Level2.Technical EfficacyStage 1.
Instrumental procedures to assess the extensibility of pounded yam and relationship with sensory stretchability and consumer preferences
Authors: Arufe Santiago , Ayetigbo Oluwatoyin , Domingo Romain , Adinsi Laurent , Djibril Moussa M. Imayath , Honfozo Laurenda , Akissoé Noël H. , Bouniol Alexandre , Mestres Christian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundStretchability is the most important sensory textural attribute considered by consumers of pounded yam. It is important both for the processor during pounding and for the consumer during consumption to measure this attribute while screening large populations of yam genotypes intended for advanced breeding and eventual adoption. Texture determined by sensory evaluation and consumer perception is time consuming and expensive. It can be instrumentally mimicked by texture analyzer, thereby providing an efficient alternative screening tool.ResultsTwo instrumental methods (uniaxial extensibility and lubricated squeezing flow) were applied to assess the extensional properties of pounded yam. In order to evaluate the accuracy, repeatability and discrimination of the methods, six yam genotypes with contrasting extensional properties, previously evaluated by 13 panellists in terms of stretchability and moldability and by 99 participants randomly selected in terms of overall liking, were used. Both methods allowed the discrimination of different genotypes as a function of extensional properties. Principal components showed that the genotypes were grouped within separate components associated with specific sensory attributes and their related instrumental texture parameters. Moreover, significant correlations were found between uniaxial extensibility textural attributes, bi‐extensional viscosity and consumer overall liking. However, the sensory attributes were not significantly correlated with instrumental data and consumer overall liking.ConclusionBi‐extensional viscosity and uniaxial extensibility attributes can be used to discriminate and screen yam genotypes for their stretchability characteristics. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Fine‐scale accuracy assessment of the 2016 National Land Cover Dataset for stream‐based wildlife habitat
Authors: Shinskie Jamie L. , Delahunty Tina , Pitt Amber L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEfficiently and effectively identifying and assessing potential wildlife habitat and important ecological resources is essential as rapid anthropogenic land use change alters and detrimentally affects terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Accuracy assessment of remotely sensed data supports ecological planning and management decisions, and is especially important when using freely available, coarse‐resolution spatial datasets, such as the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD). A popular dataset designed for application at larger regional to national spatial scales, the NLCD has been used in finer scale studies outside of its intended use, often without the imperative support of field‐based accuracy assessment. We ground‐truthed stratified random sampling points to assess the accuracy of the 2016 NLCD at a fine spatial scale relevant to stream‐based ecological research. Our results demonstrated an overall accuracy of <65%, less than the United States Geological Survey recommended accuracy of ≥85%. Results indicated that the NLCD may not be effective as a tool for stream‐level studies and could provide erroneous results for fine‐scale habitat assessment and planning when used as the only reference dataset. When conducting ecological research, it is important to consider the appropriate scale, resolution, and limitations of available datasets to achieve the most accurate results.
The effect of increasing temperature and pCO2 on experimental pelagic freshwater communities
Authors: Katkov Egor , Fussmann Gregor F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the global climate is changing, average water temperatures and the supply of CO2 to water bodies are increasing. To determine how the effects of these changes on freshwater communities interact, we ran a month‐long factorial mesocosm experiment, in which we manipulated water temperature (heated, ambient) and pCO2 (preindustrial, ambient, future). We found that the total phytoplankton biomass responded positively to the pCO2 and temperature treatments but no interactive effects were detected. Green algae were positively affected by temperature and, over the course of the experiment, responded to pCO2 first positively, then negatively. Heterokonts, on the other hand, were unaffected by temperature but responded positively to pCO2. pCO2 enrichment also led to increases in seston C : N stoichiometry, although the experiment ended before we could observe any effects of pCO2 on the zooplankton community composition. Warming caused shifts in zooplankton community composition, primarily through higher abundances of the cladoceran Bosmina longirostris and the rotifer Conochilus unicornis, and lower abundances of the rotifer Polyarthra vulgaris. We found that, in contrast to the effects of temperature, which can be explained by temperature‐dependent plankton growth curves, the responses of algal groups to pCO2 enrichment were difficult to anticipate, despite the availability of priors from previous pCO2 enrichment experiments in the same lake mesocosms. We conclude that climate change‐induced increases in aquatic pCO2 and temperatures are likely to affect pelagic ecosystems, though further research in freshwater systems is needed before generalized claims regarding the simple and interactive effects of pCO2 can be made.
Efficacy of pulsed dye laser combined with fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of pediatric burn scars
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Jia , Lei Ying , Gold Michael H. , Tan Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of pulsed dye laser (PDL) combined with fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of burn scars in pediatric patients.MethodsThe present retrospective study enrolled 60 pediatric patients with burn scars from July 2017 to June 2021. In the 4‐month treatment period, all patients received PDL treatment every 1 month and received fractional CO2 laser treatment every 3 months. The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to evaluate the scar condition before the treatment as well as 6 months after the whole treatment. The satisfaction of the patient's parents was collected and recorded 6 months after the treatment. Complications were recorded during the treatment period and at follow‐up visits.ResultsAmong all patients, 38 (63.33%) cases were scald‐induced scars and 22 (36.67%) cases were burn‐induced scars. The mean diameter of the scar area was 107.53 ± 2.92 cm2. For the measurement of the patient part of POSAS, all indices of pain, itching, color, stiffness, thickness, and irregularity, as well as the total scores were remarkably lower after 6 months of the treatment compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). For the observer part of POSAS, the indices of vascularization, pigmentation, thickness, relief, pliability, and surface area, as well as the total scores were markedly decreased after treatment (p < 0.05). The total satisfactory rate was 96.67% (58/60). No severe complications nor scar aggravation was observed.ConclusionThe combination of PDL and fractional CO2 laser showed good efficacy in the treatment of pediatric patients with burn scars with no severe complications and can be recommended in clinical application.
Study on dielectric properties of electromagnetic wave oblique incidence on sandwich hole‐core structure wave‐transmitting materials
Authors: Qin Lin , Yu Cheng‐Yong , En Li , Tu Yi‐Hang , Long Jia‐Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe variation law of equivalent dielectric properties of sandwich hole‐core structure materials are investigated based on the analysis method, where the hole‐core structure can be three kinds of structures, such as square, hexagon, and circle. Considering the hole‐core structure is anisotropic, the calculation method of the electromagnetic parameters on the sandwich hole‐core structure wave‐transmitting materials are first derived. The accuracy of this method is validated by a numerical example of a plane wave incidence on a sandwich hole‐core structure materials in free space. In addition, an S‐parameter inversion method is proposed to calculate the equivalent dielectric and the results using phase‐compensated to solve the inaccurate calculation of the dielectric around the S‐parameter half‐wavelength resonance. Finally, according to this model, the equivalent dielectric constant increases with increasing the incident angle for transverse electric (TE) polarized wave incidence and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized wave incidence, while an opposite phenomenon occurs for TE polarized wave incidence and TM polarized wave incidence on equivalent loss tangent.
Links between psychopathological symptoms and cortical thickness in men with severe alcohol use disorder: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging study
Authors: Petit Géraldine , Leclercq Sophie , Quoilin Caroline , Poncin Marie , Starkel Peter , Maurage Pierre , Rolland Benjamin , Dricot Laurence , De Timary Philippe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety and depression are psychopathological states frequently co‐occurring with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). These symptoms generally disappear with abstinence but may persist in some patients, increasing the relapse risk.MethodsThe cerebral cortex thickness of 94 male patients with SAUD was correlated with symptoms of depression and anxiety, both measured at the end (2–3 weeks) of the detoxification treatment. Cortical measures were obtained using surface‐based morphometry implemented with Freesurfer.ResultsDepressive symptoms were associated with reduced cortical thickness in the superior temporal gyrus of the right hemisphere. Anxiety level was correlated with lower cortical thickness in the rostral middle frontal region, inferior temporal region, and supramarginal, postcentral, superior temporal, and transverse temporal regions of the left hemisphere, as well as with a large cluster in the middle temporal region of the right hemisphere.ConclusionsAt the end of the detoxification stage, the intensity of depressive and anxiety symptoms is inversely associated with the cortical thickness of regions involved in emotions‐related processes, and the persistence of the symptoms could be explained by these brain deficits.
Lower Facial Nerve Nomenclature Clarification: Cervical Branch Controls Smile‐Associated Lower Lip Depression and Dental Display
Authors: Kaufman‐Goldberg Tal , Flynn John P. , Banks Caroline A. , Varvares Mark A. , Hadlock Tessa A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn head and neck ablative surgery, traditional teaching is that the key facial nerve branch to preserve along the plane of the lower border of the mandible is the marginal mandibular branch (MMb), which is considered to control all lower lip musculature. The depressor labii inferioris (DLI) is the muscle responsible for pleasing lower lip displacement and lower dental display during natural emotive smiling.Study DesignTo understand the structure/function relationships of the distal lower facial nerve branches and lower lip musculature.SettingIn vivo extensive facial nerve dissections under general anesthesia.MethodsIntraoperative mapping was performed in 60 cases, using branch stimulation and simultaneous movement videography.ResultsIn nearly all cases, the MMb innervated the depressor anguli oris, lower orbicularis oris, and mentalis muscles. The nerve branches controlling DLI function were identified 2 ± 0.5 cm below the angle of the mandible, originating from a cervical branch, separately and inferior to MMb. In half of the cases, we identified at least 2 independent branches activating the DLI, both within the cervical region.ConclusionAn appreciation of this anatomical finding may help prevent lower lip weakness following neck surgery. Avoiding the functional and cosmetic consequences that accompany loss of DLI function would have a significant impact on the burden of potentially preventable sequelae that the head and neck surgical patient frequently carries.
Mechanical characterization of hybrid biocomposites reinforced with nonwoven hemp and unidirectional flax fibers
Authors: Baysal Ataberk , Yayla Paşa , Turkmen Halit Suleyman , Karaca Ugural Burcu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFiber‐reinforced polymers are widely used in many applications where high specific strength and high specific stiffness are required. Biocomposites have replaced synthetic‐based fiber‐reinforced polymers as a preferred option due to their environmental friendliness, ease of supply, and affordability. Comparable strength synthetic‐fiber‐reinforced polymers and biocomposites both have lower specific weights. This study aims to characterize hybrid biocomposites produced from unidirectional prepregs made of flax/polypropylene fibers and nonwoven mats made of hemp/polypropylene fibers. Research has also been conducted on how the number of layers and the stacking sequence affect the mechanical performance of hybrid biocomposites. Three different designs of biocomposite plates have been produced using compression molding. They were then subjected to tensile, compressive, shear, bending, Charpy impact, and drop‐weight impact tests. According to the test results, it is found that each design has its own characteristics, and the characterized static and dynamic behaviors are very different from each other. Therefore, each biocomposite mentioned here may be a good candidate for engineering design based on the given engineering design criteria.
Potential‐free sodium‐induced degradation of silicon heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Yang Yuhao , Jiang Kai , Huang Shenglei , Zhao Wenjie , Li Zhenfei , Wang Guangyuan , Han Anjun , Yu Jian , Li Dongdong , Meng Fanying , Zhang Liping , Liu Zhengxin , Liu Wenzhu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSilicon‐based photovoltaic (PV) modules suffer from potential‐induced degradation (PID) caused by sodium (Na) permeation, which is present in large quantities in soda‐lime glass. Here, we report that Na atoms can decrease the performance of amorphous/crystalline silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells without the help of a voltage bias. The three degradation stages are investigated in this work. First, H2O molecules open channels for Na transport in the transparent conductive oxide (TCO), while the device performance remains almost unchanged. Next, when Na atoms reach the boron‐doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon (p‐a‐Si:H), the field passivation is poisoned, leading to a great decline in the fill factor (FF), whereas the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) only slightly declines. Finally, Na atoms further diffuse into the intrinsic a‐Si:H layer and c‐Si surface, resulting in a substantial decrease in Voc. These findings have important implications for the installation of SHJ solar modules in Na‐abundant environments. As a feasible solution, we demonstrate that a compact SiO2 thin film can efficiently prevent H2O molecules from penetrating into the TCO layer and therefore guarantee a long‐term stable operation of SHJ solar cells.
Immunological impact of cytokines on the chikungunya virus pathophysiology: A literature narrative review
Authors: Nunes Juliana Abreu Lima , Sousa Jorge Rodrigues de , Smith Vanessa Cavaleiro , Quaresma Juarez Simões , Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando da Costa , Chiang Jannifer Oliveira 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a member of the genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae. CHIKV causes an acute systemic febrile condition, accompanied by severe polyarthralgia, intense muscle pain, and maculopapular exanthema, which may still occur in many patients. In rare cases, unusual symptoms may occur, eventually worsening the condition and resulting in a fatal outcome. It is a single‐stranded, non‐segmented RNA virus with a genome of approximately 11,805 nucleotides that organises a genetic and molecular chain that encodes non‐structural proteins (nsP1, nsP2, nsP3, nsP4) and structural proteins (E3, E2, 6K, and E1). The fundamental role of immune response in the evolution of the disease is known. Understanding the role of immune response in the pathogenesis of CHIKV infection is challenging. In this context, innate and adaptive immune responses establish a connective interface that induces the production of various mediators that modulate the strategy of inhibiting viral replication. However, the immune escape articulated by the virus indicates that the action of pro‐and anti‐inflammatory cytokines contributes to the worsening of the disease and potentiates tissue damage with joint involvement. In this review, we discuss the role of the primary pro‐and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in the immunopathological processes of chikungunya fever.
Laser Structuring for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Buchberger Gerda , Muck Martina , Plamadeala Cristina , Heitz Johannes 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLaser structuring enables modification of sample topography, surface chemistry, and/or physical properties of materials. Examples of these processes are ripple, nap or wall formation, surface oxidation, induction of polymerization reactions, or changes in crystallinity or contact angle. These – most of the time – interrelated modifications are exploited widely for biomedical applications. They range from cell-repellent surfaces for easy-to-replace cardiac pacemakers, control of cell proliferation required in regenerative medicine, to increased cell adhesion for cell arrays. Furthermore, ns-laser-induced nanoripples were used for formation of gold nanowires for future surface plasmon resonance sensors directly integrated into biotechnological devices. Additive nano- and microscale manufacturing by two-photon polymerization allows for considerable progress in cell scaffold formation, paving the path for in vitro–grown organs, bones, and cartilages. The very same fs-laser-based technique was also used for biomimetic microneedles with enhanced liquid spreading on their surface. Microneedles are promising candidates for low-cost, high-throughput drug delivery and vaccination applicable even by nonmedically trained personnel. Microfluidic systems fabricated by fs-lasers have enabled progress in 3D microscopy of single cells and in studies on thrombocyte activation with the help of nanoanchors. Explicating the abovementioned and further biomedical applications, the authors put special focus on the achieved limits pointing out what scientists have accomplished so far in their pursuit of extreme scales.
The Finnish Solution to Final Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel
Authors: Vehmas Jarmo , Rentto Aleksis , Luukkanen Jyrki , Auffermann Burkhard , Kaivo-oja Jari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFortum Oyj and Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO), the two companies that own the operating units in Finnish nuclear power plants, in 1996 formed a joint company, Posiva Oy, to deal with their nuclear wastes. This includes both the low- and medium-level radioactive waste and the high-active used nuclear fuel. Several locations were considered before the choice of Olkiluoto in 1999 and its acceptance by the municipality of Eurajoki in 2000. In 2010, the Finnish Government granted a decision-in-principle required by the Finnish Nuclear Act to Posiva Oy regarding the construction of a final disposal site for nuclear wastes including the above-ground encapsulation plant and the final disposal facility called Onkalo. In 2015, the Government granted the construction licence for this entity to be built. The site already includes the operating nuclear power plants (OL-1 and OL-2) of TVO and the OL-3 unit which has been under construction since 2005 and shall be taken into use in 2022. After several delays this is the timetable according to the most recent information in early Spring 2021 provided by TVO. Thus, Finland is the first country in the world to enter the implementation phase of spent nuclear fuel. A future challenge is the nuclear waste of possible new nuclear power plants not included in the plans of Posiva Oy.