bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triage to electrocardiogram sign‐off time in patients with acute coronary syndrome at a metropolitan Sydney hospital
Authors: Turner Dane , Yu Jennifer , Murphy David , Chiew Angela 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the time from triage to ECG sign‐off in patients with acute coronary syndrome, before and after the introduction of an electronic medical record‐integrated ECG workflow system (Epiphany). Additionally, to assess for any correlation between patient characteristics and ECG sign‐off times.MethodsA retrospective, single‐centre cohort study was performed at Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney. Patients were included if they were over 18 years, presented to Prince of Wales Hospital ED during 2021, had an ED diagnosis code of ‘ACS’, ‘UA’, ‘NSTEMI’ or ‘STEMI’ and were subsequently admitted under the cardiology team. ECG sign‐off times and demographic data were compared between patients presenting prior to 29 June (pre‐Epiphany group) and those presenting after (post‐Epiphany group). Those without ECGs signed‐off were excluded.ResultsThere were 200 patients (100 each group) included in the statistical analysis. There was a significant decrease in the median triage to ECG sign‐off time, from 35 min (IQR 18–69) pre‐Epiphany, to 21 min (IQR 13–37) post‐Epiphany. There were only 10 (5%) patients in the pre‐Epiphany group and 16 (8%) in the post‐Epiphany group, who had ECG sign‐off times less than the 10‐min. There was no correlation between gender, triage category, age or time of shift with triage to ECG sign‐off time.ConclusionsThe introduction of the Epiphany system has significantly reduced the triage to ECG sign‐off time in the ED. Despite this, there remains a large proportion of patients with acute coronary syndrome who do not have an ECG signed‐off within the guideline‐recommended 10 min.
CCR4‐NOT subunit CCF‐1/CNOT7 promotes transcriptional activation to multiple stress responses in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Tabarraei Hadi , Waddell Brandon M. , Raymond Kelly , Murray Sydney M. , Wang Ying , Choe Keith P. , Wu Cheng‐Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCCR4‐NOT is a versatile eukaryotic protein complex that controls multiple steps in gene expression regulation from synthesis to decay. In yeast, CCR4‐NOT has been implicated in stress response regulation, though this function in other organisms remains unclear. In a genome‐wide RNAi screen, we identified a subunit of the CCR4‐NOT complex, ccf‐1, as a requirement for the C. elegans transcriptional response to cadmium and acrylamide stress. Using whole‐transcriptome RNA sequencing, we show that the knockdown of ccf‐1 attenuates the activation of a broad range of stress‐protective genes in response to cadmium and acrylamide, including those encoding heat shock proteins and xenobiotic detoxification. Consistently, survival assays show that the knockdown of ccf‐1 decreases C. elegans stress resistance and normal lifespan. A yeast 2‐hybrid screen using a CCF‐1 bait identified the homeobox transcription factor PAL‐1 as a physical interactor. Knockdown of pal‐1 inhibits the activation of ccf‐1 dependent stress genes and reduces C. elegans stress resistance. Gene expression analysis reveals that knockdown of ccf‐1 and pal‐1 attenuates the activation of elt‐2 and elt‐3 under stress that encode master transcriptional co‐regulators of stress response in the C. elegans, and that overexpression of ELT‐2 can suppress ccf‐1's requirement for gene transcription in a stress‐dependent manner. Our findings reveal a new role for CCR4‐NOT in the environmental stress response and define its role in stress resistance and longevity in C. elegans.
Indomethacin restores loss of hippocampal neurogenesis and cholinergic innervation and reduces innate immune expression and reversal learning deficits in adult male and female rats following adolescent ethanol exposure
Authors: Macht Victoria , Vetreno Ryan , Elchert Natalie , Fisher Rachael , Crews Fulton 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure causes long‐term changes in the brain and behavior of adult male rodents, including persistent induction of innate immune pathways, reductions in hippocampal neurogenic and forebrain cholinergic neuronal markers, and reversal learning deficits. The current study tests the hypothesis that proinflammatory induction mediates AIE‐induced (1) loss of adult neurogenesis (i.e., doublecortin (DCX) expressing immature neurons), (2) reductions in forebrain and hippocampal cholinergic markers, and (3) reversal learning deficits.MethodsMale and female rats underwent AIE (5.0 g/kg/day ethanol or water, i.g., 2 day‐on/2 day‐off from postnatal day (PND) 25–54), followed by a 2‐week regimen of the anti‐inflammatory compound indomethacin (4.0 g/kg/day, PND 56–69) or vehicle, after which one cohort was euthanized for immunohistochemical markers (PND 70) and the second underwent the Morris water maze to assess reversal learning.ResultsAIE reduced adult (PND 70) DCX+ immunoreactivity (IR) and increased hippocampal expression of the innate immune signal's high‐mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1 + IR) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2 + IR) in adult male and female rats. AIE also reduced choline acetyltransferase (ChAT+IR) in the basal forebrain and co‐labeling of hippocampal vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT+) cholinergic terminals on DCX + IR neurons. Indomethacin treatment after AIE restored molecular endpoints to control levels and rescued AIE‐induced reversal learning deficits in the Morris water maze in both sexes. Of note, indomethacin produced several adverse effects selectively in control conditions, highlighting the uniquely beneficial effect of indomethacin in AIE rats.ConclusionsThese data suggest that in males and females, (1) AIE persistent neuroimmune induction mediates both the loss of adult hippocampal DCX and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and their innervation to hippocampal targets, and (2) anti‐inflammatory indomethacin treatment following AIE that restores these persistent molecular pathologies also restores spatial reversal learning deficits.
Morphological tongue and palate characterizations in Trachemys adiutrix (Vanzolini, 1995) turtles
Authors: Ferraz Rafaella Sousa , Corrêa Lukas Allayn Diniz , Calvet Margareth Cavalcante Ribeiro , Santiago Paula Maria Mesquita , da Silva Teófilo Tiago , de Oliveira Radan Elvis Matias , Martins Adriano Luis , Barreto Larissa Nascimento , Silva Melaine Mont’Alverne Lawall 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMorphological studies on the oropharyngeal cavity of turtles are an interesting tool in understanding evolutionary processes associated with feeding habits. There is paucity of morphological information on the oropharyngeal cavity of the Trachemys adiutrix turtle. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the tongue and palate morphology of T. adiutrix to establish a standard model for the species, providing information that may improve knowledge on the species feeding habits. Gross dissection, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy assessments of 11 specimens were carried out. The tongue of T. adiutrix is triangular with a slightly rounded apex and broad base and lingual papillae widely distributed throughout the entire dorsal surface. The palate is composed of bony structures, displaying a triangular apex with one pair of choanae and palatine raphe that begin in the middle region, dividing the two openings. The body was elongated and smooth. The root was wrinkled and opened into the oesophagus. The tongue was lined by non‐keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, rich in mucous cells and a large number of different‐shaped papillae and taste buds. The palate was mainly lined by a pseudostratified cylindrical ciliated epithelium rich in mucous cells. In conclusion, the tongue and palate characteristics of T. adiutrix include evidence that these animals are semiaquatic, displaying morphological characteristics associated with aquatic and terrestrial trophic ecology, similar to that observed in other semiaquatic and terrestrial chelonian species.
Pregnancy complications and later life women's health
Authors: McNestry Catherine , Killeen Sarah L. , Crowley Rachel K. , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere has been increasing recognition of the association between various pregnancy complications and development of chronic disease in later life. Pregnancy has come to be regarded as a physiological stress test, as the strain it places on a woman's body may reveal underlying predispositions to disease that would otherwise remain hidden for many years. Despite the increasing body of data, there is a lack of awareness among healthcare providers surrounding these risks. We performed a narrative literature review and have summarized the associations between the common pregnancy complications including gestational hypertension, pre‐eclampsia, gestational diabetes, placental abruption, spontaneous preterm birth, stillbirth and miscarriage and subsequent development of chronic disease. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, spontaneous preterm birth, gestational diabetes, pregnancy loss and placental abruption are all associated with increased risk of various forms of cardiovascular disease. Gestational diabetes, pre‐eclampsia, early miscarriage and recurrent miscarriage are associated with increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Pre‐eclampsia, stillbirth and recurrent miscarriage are associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Pre‐eclampsia, gestational diabetes and stillbirth are associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Gestational diabetes is associated with postnatal depression, and also with increased risk of thyroid and stomach cancers. Stillbirth, miscarriage and recurrent miscarriage are associated with increased risk of mental health disorders including depression, anxiety and post‐traumatic stress disorders. Counseling in the postnatal period following a complicated pregnancy, and advice regarding risk reduction should be available for all women. Further studies are required to establish optimal screening intervals for cardiovascular disease and diabetes following complicated pregnancy.
Differences in the location of bleeding with direct oral anticoagulants vs. vitamin K antagonists: A study in the World Health Organization's pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Montastruc Jean‐Louis , Tessier Samuel , Bura‐Riviere Alessandra 
Published: February 2023

AimsClinical trials have found differences in bleeding locations between direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) and vitamin K antagonists (VKA). The present study was performed to investigate these differences in real life using reports of adverse drug reactions registered in the World Health Organization's pharmacovigilance database, VigiBase®.MethodsAll bleeding registered between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2021 in adults were included. The main objective was to compare bleeding locations reported with DOAC with those with VKA. As a secondary objective, we performed the same comparison with Xa vs. thrombin inhibitors. Results were presented as reporting odds ratios (RORs) adjusted on age, gender, origin of reports and co‐medications with their 95% confidence interval.ResultsDuring this 14‐year period, 142 228 instances of bleeding were registered with oral anticoagulants, including 39 570 with VKA and 102 658 with DOAC. Mean time to event was lower with DOAC (7.6 months) than with VKA (29.9 months) (P < .001). Significant differences in bleeding locations were found in the reports with less cerebral, urologic and nasal bleeding, more gynaecologic bleeding with DOAC than with VKA, without any significant differences in digestive and cutaneous locations. A higher risk of bleeding reports was found with Xa inhibitors vs. dabigatran whatever the locations (except digestive bleeding).ConclusionThis real‐life study shows that the differences in bleeding locations between DOAC and VKA are not limited to the brain or gastrointestinal tracts. Significant differences were also found between Xa and thrombin inhibitors.
Nonlinear Function-on-Scalar Regression via Functional Universal Approximation
Authors: Luo Ruiyan , Qi Xin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider general nonlinear function-on-scalar (FOS) regression models, where the functional response depends on multiple scalar predictors in a general unknown nonlinear form. Existing methods either assume specific model forms (e.g., additive models) or directly estimate the nonlinear function in a space with dimension equal to the number of scalar predictors, which can only be applied to models with a few scalar predictors. To overcome these shortcomings, motivated by the classic universal approximation theorem used in neural networks, we develop a functional universal approximation theorem which can be used to approximate general nonlinear FOS maps and can be easily adopted into the framework of functional data analysis. With this theorem and utilizing smoothness regularity, we develop a novel method to fit the general nonlinear FOS regression model and make predictions. Our new method does not make any specific assumption on the model forms, and it avoids the direct estimation of nonlinear functions in a space with dimension equal to the number of scalar predictors. By estimating a sequence of bivariate functions, our method can be applied to models with a relatively large number of scalar predictors. The good performance of the proposed method is demonstrated by empirical studies on various simulated and real datasets.
Trigred motif 36 regulates neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer via HK2 ubiquitination and GPx4 deficiency
Authors: Zhao Xusong , Zhou Tianren , Wang Yuhao , Bao Meiling , Ni Chenbo , Ding Lei , Sun Shengjie , Dong Huiyu , Li Jie , Liang Chao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), the most lethal subtype of castration‐resistant prostate cancer (PCa), may evolve from the neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) of PCa cells. However, the molecular mechanism that triggers NED is unknown. Trigred motif 36 (TRIM36), a member of the TRIM protein family, exhibits oncogenic or anti‐oncogenic roles in various cancers. We have previously reported that TRIM36 is highly expressed to inhibit the invasion and proliferation of PCa. In the present study, we first found that TRIM36 was lowly expressed in NEPC and its overexpression suppressed the NED of PCa. Next, based on proteomic analysis, we found that TRIM36 inhibited the glycolysis pathway through suppressing hexokinase 2 (HK2), a crucial glycolytic enzyme catalyzing the conversion of glucose to glucose‐6‐phosphate. TRIM36 specifically bound to HK2 through lysine 48 (lys48)‐mediated ubiquitination of HK2. Moreover, TRIM36‐mediated ubiquitination degradation of HK2 downregulated the level of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), a process that contributed to ferroptosis. In conclusion, TRIM36 can inhibit glycolysis via lys48‐mediated HK2 ubiquitination to reduce GPX4 expression and activate ferroptosis, thereby inhibiting the NED in PCa. Targeting TRIM36 might be a promising approach to retard NED and treat NEPC.
Perturbation of intestinal stem cell homeostasis and radiation enteritis recovery via dietary titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Linpei , He Yinli , Dong Lele , Liu Chang , Su Lin , Guo Ruirui , Luo Qinying , Gan Baoyu , Cao Fang , Wang Yawen , Song Haiyun , Li Xiaojiao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSmall intestinal health and enteritis incidence are tightly coupled to the homeostasis of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which are sensitive to dietary alterations. However, little is known about the impact of food additives on ISC pool. Here, we demonstrate that chronic exposure to low‐dose TiO2 NPs, a commonly used food additive, significantly hampers primary human and mouse ISC‐derived organoid formation and growth by specifically attenuating Wnt signal transduction. Mechanistically, TiO2 NPs alter the endocytic trafficking of the Wnt receptor LRP6 and prevent the nuclear entry of β‐catenin. Notably, dietary TiO2 NPs elicit modest chronic stress in healthy intestines and considerably impede the recovery of radiation enteritis by perturbing the homeostasis of ISCs in vivo. Our results identify a health concern of TiO2 NP exposure on ISC homeostasis and radiation enteritis recovery. These findings suggest extra precaution during the treatment of radiation enteritis and provide new insights into food additive‐ISC interaction.
To spray or not to spray: Impact of phosphite spraying for Phytophthora cinnamomi control on Proteaceae species in southwestern Australia
Authors: Boulle Michelle , Stewart Barbara A. , Barrett Sarah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhosphite has been sprayed on threatened natural plant communities in southwestern Australia for the past 25 years to mitigate the impact of the globally widespread plant pathogen, Phytophthora cinnamomi. Of concern is that this may result in an increase in phosphorus concentrations in naturally nutrient deficient soils, causing the loss of plant species that are sensitive to increased phosphorus levels. The impact of aerial spraying phosphite on soil and Proteaceae species richness and abundance was measured at three sites within the Southeast Coastal Province of Western Australia. Healthy and diseased vegetation which had been sprayed with phosphite for 14–26 years was compared with nonsprayed healthy and diseased vegetation. Contrary to expectations, there was no evidence that spraying is doing harm to Proteaceae species at the three sites studied. Healthy‐nonsprayed and Healthy‐sprayed areas had generally similar levels of soil total P, and this was associated with similar values for Proteaceae species richness and abundance in these areas. Phosphite spraying of diseased vegetation benefited Proteaceae plant diversity and abundance by preventing the disappearance of some species. Given these results, it was recommended that phosphite spraying be continued as a management action for controlling Phytophthora cinnamomi while research into alternative solutions continues.
Impact of pre‐transplant donor specific antibodies detected by Luminex with negative microlymphocytotoxicity assay and flow crossmatch in live‐related renal transplant recipients
Authors: Abbas Khawar , Aziz Tahir , Musharaf Wajiha , Mubarak Muhammed , Zafar Mirza Naqi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimThe Luminex assay, where beads are coated with a single HLA antigen, has been shown to detect HLA antibodies with more sensitivity and specificity as compared to microlymphocytotoxicity (CDC) assay and flow cross match (FCXM). We report the impact of low Mean Flourescence intensity (MFI) pre‐transplant DSA by Luminex with negative CDC and FCXM on acute rejection, graft function, and survival.MethodsIn this retrospective study between January 2015 to December 2021, 45 recipients had pre‐transplant anti‐HLA donor‐specific antibodies (DSAs) detected by Luminex. Two control groups of 45 patients each matched for age and gender, first with non‐DSA HLA antibodies and second with no antibodies by Luminex were selected to compare outcomes with DSA group.ResultsIn the DSA group of 45, 22 (48.8%) had class I (MFI mean 4043 ± 1909, range: 1096–7111), 20 (44.4%) class II (MFI mean 3601 ± 2310, range: 1031–9259), and 3 (6.6%) both class I (MFI mean 4746 ± 1922) and class II (MFI mean 3940 ± 2312) antibodies. Acute rejection episodes were reported in 15.6%, DSA group, 17.8% in non‐DSA, and 24.4% in no antibody group (p = .538). Death censored graft survival at 1 and 5 years was 98% and 93% in DSA group, 100% and 95% in non‐DSA and 93% and 85% in the no antibody group (p = .254).ConclusionsPatients with low MFI DSA pre‐transplant, with a negative CDC and FCXM under ATG induction, have similar graft outcomes at 1 and 5 years when compared to non‐DSA and no antibody groups.
Financial Globalization, Local Debt Markets and New State Financial Activism in Middle‐income Countries
Authors: O'Sullivan Louis , Rethel Lena 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTSince the global financial crisis of 2008–09, there has been a renewed interest in the role of the state in processes of financial development and globalization. This article explores new forms of state economic activity via the development of debt capital markets in Southeast Asia, specifically Indonesia and Malaysia. It suggests that the expanding profile of various state‐controlled entities in local capital markets constitutes a new form of state financial activism responsive to (upper) middle‐class consumption preferences such as modern infrastructure, urban housing and low‐risk investments. This activism highlights state agency and complicates the propositions of the emergent literature on state capitalism and financial de‐risking that focuses on increasingly close alignment of the interests of states and international portfolio investors. Accordingly, the authors caution against unilinear conceptions of the state in which activism is primarily geared towards accommodating the preferences of international investors. The article posits that states are actively trying to establish new market logics for the benefit of their domestic middle classes via the development of domestic capital markets, and that the emergent role of middle‐income country (upper) middle classes as financial consumers reconfigures processes of state‐managed financialization.
Altered spreading of neuronal avalanches in temporal lobe epilepsy relates to cognitive performance: A resting‐state hdEEG study
Authors: Duma Gian Marco , Danieli Alberto , Mento Giovanni , Vitale Valerio , Opipari Raffaella Scotto , Jirsa Viktor , Bonanni Paolo , Sorrentino Pierpaolo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveLarge aperiodic bursts of activations named neuronal avalanches have been used to characterize whole‐brain activity, as their presence typically relates to optimal dynamics. Epilepsy is characterized by alterations in large‐scale brain network dynamics. Here we exploited neuronal avalanches to characterize differences in electroencephalography (EEG) basal activity, free from seizures and/or interictal spikes, between patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and matched controls.MethodWe defined neuronal avalanches as starting when the z‐scored source‐reconstructed EEG signals crossed a specific threshold in any region and ending when all regions returned to baseline. This technique avoids data manipulation or assumptions of signal stationarity, focusing on the aperiodic, scale‐free components of the signals. We computed individual avalanche transition matrices to track the probability of avalanche spreading across any two regions, compared them between patients and controls, and related them to memory performance in patients.ResultsWe observed a robust topography of significant edges clustering in regions functionally and structurally relevant for the TLE, such as the entorhinal cortex, the inferior parietal and fusiform area, the inferior temporal gyrus, and the anterior cingulate cortex. We detected a significant correlation between the centrality of the entorhinal cortex in the transition matrix and the long‐term memory performance (delay recall Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test).SignificanceOur results show that the propagation patterns of large‐scale neuronal avalanches are altered in TLE during the resting state, suggesting a potential diagnostic application in epilepsy. Furthermore, the relationship between specific patterns of propagation and memory performance support the neurophysiological relevance of neuronal avalanches.