bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Religion for Promoting Sustainability: The Role of Stewardship
Authors: Eom Kimin , Ng Shu Tian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present paper discusses how religious, theistic stewardship—the belief that humans have a responsibility to take care of the world that God created and has entrusted to humankind—promotes pro‐environmental support among religious individuals. Reviewing the existing literature, we describe how religious stewardship belief may shape cognitions and emotions regarding various environmentally relevant objects (i.e., natural environment, environmental problems, and pro‐environmental behaviors) and how these cognitions and emotions lead to motivation to engage in pro‐environmental action. We also discuss religious beliefs that may suppress the positive effects of stewardship belief as well as key factors that may moderate the effects of stewardship belief. Last, we discuss potential ways of leveraging religious stewardship in messaging and communications for behavioral change toward sustainability. Although the existing evidence on whether religion helps or hinders environmental protection is mixed, our review suggests that stewardship belief clearly provides great potential for environmental support among religious communities.
Deep reticulation: the long legacy of hybridization in vascular plant evolution
Authors: Stull Gregory W. , Pham Kasey K. , Soltis Pamela S. , Soltis Douglas E. 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYHybridization has long been recognized as a fundamental evolutionary process in plants but, until recently, our understanding of its phylogenetic distribution and biological significance across deep evolutionary scales has been largely obscure. Over the past decade, genomic and phylogenomic datasets have revealed, perhaps not surprisingly, that hybridization, often associated with polyploidy, has been common throughout the evolutionary history of plants, particularly in various lineages of flowering plants. However, phylogenomic studies have also highlighted the challenges of disentangling signals of ancient hybridization from other sources of genomic conflict (in particular, incomplete lineage sorting). Here, we provide a critical review of ancient hybridization in vascular plants, outlining well‐documented cases of ancient hybridization across plant phylogeny, as well as the challenges unique to documenting ancient versus recent hybridization. We provide a definition for ancient hybridization, which, to our knowledge, has not been explicitly attempted before. Further documenting the extent of deep reticulation in plants should remain an important research focus, especially because published examples likely represent the tip of the iceberg in terms of the total extent of ancient hybridization. However, future research should increasingly explore the macroevolutionary significance of this process, in terms of its impact on evolutionary trajectories (e.g. how does hybridization influence trait evolution or the generation of biodiversity over long time scales?), as well as how life history and ecological factors shape, or have shaped, the frequency of hybridization across geologic time and plant phylogeny. Finally, we consider the implications of ubiquitous ancient hybridization for how we conceptualize, analyze, and classify plant phylogeny. Networks, as opposed to bifurcating trees, represent more accurate representations of evolutionary history in many cases, although our ability to infer, visualize, and use networks for comparative analyses is highly limited. Developing improved methods for the generation, visualization, and use of networks represents a critical future direction for plant biology. Current classification systems also do not generally allow for the recognition of reticulate lineages, and our classifications themselves are largely based on evidence from the chloroplast genome. Updating plant classification to better reflect nuclear phylogenies, as well as considering whether and how to recognize hybridization in classification systems, will represent an important challenge for the plant systematics community.
Persistence of the steady planar normal shock structure in 3‐D unsteady potential flows
Authors: Fang Beixiang , Huang Feimin , Xiang Wei , Xiao Feng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper concerns the dynamic stability of the steady three‐dimensional (3‐D) wave structure of a planar normal shock front intersecting perpendicularly to a planar solid wall for unsteady potential flows. The stability problem can be formulated as a free boundary problem of a quasi‐linear hyperbolic equation of second order in a dihedral‐space domain between the shock front and the solid wall. The key difficulty is brought by the edge singularity of the space domain, the intersection curve between the shock front and the solid wall. Different from the two‐dimensional (2‐D) case, for which the singular part of the boundary is only a point, it is a curve for the 3‐D case in this paper. This difference brings new difficulties to the mathematical analysis of the stability problem. A modified partial hodograph transformation is introduced such that the extension technique developed for the 2‐D case can be employed to establish the well‐posed theory for the initial‐boundary value problem of the linearized hyperbolic equation of second order in a dihedral‐space domain. Moreover, the extension technique is improved in this paper such that loss of regularity in the a priori estimates on the shock front does not occur. Thus, the classical nonlinear iteration scheme can be constructed to prove the existence of the solution to the stability problem, which shows the dynamic stability of the steady planar normal shock without applying the Nash–Moser iteration method.
Impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebrovascular autoregulation assessed by ultrafast ultrasound imaging
Authors: Aguet Julien , Fakhari Nikan , Nguyen Minh , Mertens Luc , Szabo Elod , Ertl‐Wagner Birgit , Crawford Lynn , Haller Christoph , Barron David , Baranger Jérôme , Villemain Olivier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNewborns with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment with limited understanding of the impact of intra‐operative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), deep hypothermia and selective cerebral perfusion on the brain. We hypothesized that a novel ultrasound technique, ultrafast power Doppler (UPD), can assess variations of cerebral blood volume (CBV) in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery requiring CPB. UPD was performed before, during and after surgery in newborns with hypoplastic left heart syndrome undergoing a Norwood operation. We found that global CBV was not significantly different between patients and controls (P = 0.98) and between pre‐ and post‐surgery (P = 0.62). UPD was able to monitor changes in CBV throughout surgery, revealing regional differences in CBV during hypothermia during which CBV correlated with CPB flow rate (R2 = 0.52, P = 0.021). Brain injury on post‐operative magnetic resonance imaging was observed in patients with higher maximum variation in CBV. Our findings suggest that UPD can quantify global and regional brain perfusion variation during neonatal cardiac surgery with this first intra‐operative application demonstrating an association between CBV and CPB flow rate, suggesting loss of autoregulation. Therefore, the measurement of CBV by UPD could enable optimization of cerebral perfusion during cardiac surgery in neonates.
imageKey points
The impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on the neonatal brain undergoing cardiac surgery is poorly understood.
Ultrafast power Doppler (UPD) quantifies cerebral blood volume (CBV), a surrogate of brain perfusion.
CBV varies throughout CPB surgery and is associated with variation of the bypass pump flow rate during deep hypothermia.
Association between CBV and bypass pump flow rate suggests loss of cerebrovascular autoregulatory processes.
Quantitative monitoring of cerebral perfusion by UPD could provide a direct parameter to optimize CPB flow rate.
Curcumin Attenuates Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness and Muscle Function Deficits Following a Soccer Match in Male Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Abbott William , Hansell Emily J. , Brett Adam , Škarabot Jakob , James Lewis J. , Clifford Tom 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To examine the effects of acute curcumin (CURC) supplementation on recovery from a soccer match in male professional players. Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 11 players from the under-23 team of an English Premier League club (age 19 [1] y, body mass 79.4 [7.9] kg, height 180.8 [5.7] cm) consumed 500 mg of CURC or a control (medium-chain triglycerides) immediately and 12 and 36 hours after a 90-minute match. Countermovement jump height (CMJ), reactive strength index (RSI), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS, 0–200 mm), and subjective well-being were measured before and 12, 36, and 60 hours postmatch. Global positioning systems measured external load during matches, and dietary intake was recorded across the testing period. Results: External load and dietary intake did not differ between conditions (P ≥ .246). CURC attenuated deficits in CMJ (P ≤ .004) and RSI (P ≤ .001) and reduced DOMS (P ≤ .004) at all postmatch time points (except 60 h post for RSI). The greatest difference between control and CURC was 12 hours post for CMJ (P < .001, 1.91 [4.40] cm, 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.57, g = 0.36) and RSI (P = .003, 0.40 [0.41] AU, 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.63, g = 0.90) and 36 hours post for DOMS (P < .001, 47 [23] mm, 95% CI, −67 to −27, g = 2.12). Conclusions: CURC intake <36 hours after a soccer match attenuated DOMS and muscle function deficits, suggesting that CURC may aid recovery in professional male soccer players.
Do the small numbers in the quark mixing arise from new physics?
Authors: Branco G. C. , Bastos José Filipe , Silva-Marcos J. I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe put forward the conjecture that the small numbers in the $$V_\text {CKM}$$

V
CKM

matrix, are generated by physics beyond the Standard Model. We identify as small numbers $$V_{ub}$$

V

ub

and the strength of CP violation, measured by $$|\text {Im}Q|$$

|
Im
Q
|

, where Q stands for a rephasing invariant quartet of $$V_\text {CKM}$$

V
CKM

. We illustrate how the conjecture can be realised in the context of an extension of the Standard Model where an up-type vector-like quark is introduced leading to a realistic spectrum of quark masses and an effective $$V_\text {CKM}$$

V
CKM

in agreement with experiment.
A Framework for Computing the Nucleolus via Dynamic Programming
Authors: Koenemann Jochen , Toth Justin 
Published: February 2023

This article defines a general class of cooperative games for which the nucleolus is efficiently computable. This class includes new members for which the complexity of computing their nucleolus was not previously known. We show that when the minimum excess coalition problem of a cooperative game can be formulated as a hypergraph dynamic program, its nucleolus is efficiently computable. This gives a general technique for designing efficient algorithms for computing the nucleolus of a cooperative game. This technique is inspired by a recent result of Pashkovich [
27
] on weighted voting games. However, our technique significantly extends beyond the capabilities of previous work. We demonstrate this by applying it to give an algorithm for computing the nucleolus of
b
-matching games in polynomial time on graphs of bounded treewidth.
Changes in Breast Cancer Risk and Risk Factor Profiles among U.S.-Born and Immigrant Asian American Women Residing in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors: John Esther M. , Koo Jocelyn , Ingles Sue A. , Kurian Allison W. , Hines Lisa M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Breast cancer incidence rates in women of Asian descent have been increasing in the United States and Asia.

Methods:
In a case–control study of Asian American women from the San Francisco Bay Area, we assessed associations with birthplace and migration-related characteristics and compared risk factors between Asian American and non-Hispanic White women by birthplace and birth cohort.

Results:
Birthplace and migration-related characteristics were associated with breast cancer risk only among women in the younger birth cohort (1951–1984) that comprised 355 cases diagnosed at age ≤55 years and 276 sister and population controls. Breast cancer risk was marginally increased among foreign-born women [OR = 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97–2.03] and two-fold among foreign-born Chinese women (OR = 2.16; 95% CI, 1.21–3.88). Two-fold increased risks were associated with migration at age ≥40 years and longer U.S. residence (≥30 years or ≥75% of life). The education level was high among both cases and controls. Differences in the prevalence of risk factors by birthplace and birth cohort suggest temporal changes in reproductive and lifestyle-related factors. The prevalence in risk factors was similar between foreign-born and U.S.-born women in the younger birth cohort, and did not fully explain the observed associations with birthplace and other migration characteristics.

Conclusions:
In contrast to studies from earlier decades, younger foreign-born Asian American women had a higher risk of breast cancer than U.S.-born Asian American women.

Impact:
It is important and urgent to understand what factors drive the increasing burden of breast cancer in women of Asian descent and implement effective prevention programs.
Serum Lipid Profiles and Cholesterol-Lowering Medication Use in Relation to Subsequent Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the UK Biobank Cohort
Authors: Yuan Fangcheng , Wen Wanqing , Jia Guochong , Long Jirong , Shu Xiao-Ou , Zheng Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground:Dyslipidemia is closely associated with metabolic syndrome, a known risk factor for colorectal cancer. However, the association of dyslipidemia with colorectal cancer risk is controversial. Most previous studies did not consider cholesterol-lowering medication use at the time of lipid measurements, which could bias findings.Methods:We analyzed data from 384,862 UK Biobank participants to disentangle the associations between blood lipids and colorectal cancer risk. Serum levels of total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C), and triglyceride were measured at study baseline. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results:During a median follow-up time of 8.2 years, 3,150 incident primary colorectal cancer cases were identified. Triglyceride levels were positively, while HDL-C levels were inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk (both Ptrend &lt; 0.005). No significant associations were found for total cholesterol and LDL-C. However, among nonusers of cholesterol-lowering medications, a high total cholesterol level (&gt; 6.7 mmol/L, HR = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.00–1.24) and LDL-C level (&gt;4.1 mmol/L, HR = 1.11; 95% CI, 0.99–1.23) was associated with an increased colorectal cancer risk compared with the referent group (5.2–6.2 mmol/L and 2.6–3.4 mmol/L for total and LDL cholesterol, respectively). Compared with nonusers, cholesterol-lowering medication users had 15% increased colorectal cancer risk (HR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.04–1.26).Conclusions:Circulating total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglyceride were modestly associated with colorectal cancer risk.Impact:Our findings call for careful consideration of cholesterol-lowering medication use in future studies of blood lipid–colorectal cancer associations.
Pilot Study of Recurrent Ewing's Sarcoma Management with Vigil/Temozolomide/Irinotecan and Assessment of Circulating Tumor (ct) DNA
Authors: Anderson Peter , Ghisoli Maurizio , Crompton Brian D. , Klega Kelly S. , Wexler Leonard H. , Slotkin Emily K. , Stanbery Laura , Manning Luisa , Wallraven Gladice , Manley Meghan , Horvath Staci , Bognar Ernest , Nemunaitis John 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Treatment options for recurrent or refractory Ewing's sarcoma (ES) are limited. Vigil is a novel autologous tumor cell therapy expressing bi-shRNA furin/GMCSF plasmid, which previously demonstrated monotherapy activity in advanced ES. Herein we report safety and evidence of benefit to Vigil for ES as potential treatment.

Patients and Methods:
In this pilot trial, eligible patients with recurrent or refractory ES who failed initial standard-of-care therapy received treatment with temozolomide (TEM) 100 mg/m2/day oral and irinotecan (IRI) 50 mg/m2/day oral, Days 1 to 5, in combination with Vigil (1 × 106–107 cells/mL/day intradermal, Day 15), every 21 days (Vigil/TEM/IRI). Objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v1.1, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Circulating tumor (ct) DNA analysis was done by patient-specific droplet digital PCR on baseline and serially collected on-treatment samples.

Results:
Eight of 10 enrolled patients were evaluable for safety and efficacy (mean age 24.6; 12.6–46.1 years old); 2 did not receive Vigil. Seven of 8 patients previously received TEM/IRI. No Vigil-related adverse events were reported. Common ≥Grade 3 chemotherapy-related toxicity included neutropenia (50%) and thrombocytopenia (38%). We observed two partial response patients by RECIST; both showed histologic complete response without additional cancer therapy. Median PFS was 8.2 months (95% confidence interval, 4.3–NA). Five patients showed stable disease or better for ≥6 months. Patient-specific EWS/FLI1 ctDNA was detectable in all 8 evaluable patients at baseline. Changes in ctDNA levels corresponded to changes in disease burden.

Conclusions:
Results demonstrated safety of combination Vigil/TEM/IRI.
BRD9 Degradation Disrupts Ribosome Biogenesis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kurata Keiji , Samur Mehmet K. , Liow Priscilla , Wen Kenneth , Yamamoto Leona , Liu Jiye , Morelli Eugenio , Gulla Annamaria , Tai Yu-Tzu , Qi Jun , Hideshima Teru , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
BRD9 is a defining component of the noncanonical SWI/SNF complex, which regulates gene expression by controlling chromatin dynamics. Although recent studies have found an oncogenic role for BRD9 in multiple cancer types including multiple myeloma, its clinical significance and oncogenic mechanism have not yet been elucidated. Here, we sought to identify the clinical and biological impact of BRD9 in multiple myeloma, which may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Experimental Design:
We performed integrated analyses of BRD9 in vitro and in vivo using multiple myeloma cell lines and primary multiple myeloma cells in established preclinical models, which identified the molecular functions of BRD9 contributing to multiple myeloma cell survival.

Results:
We found that high BRD9 expression was a poor prognostic factor in multiple myeloma. Depleting BRD9 by genetic (shRNA) and pharmacologic (dBRD9-A; proteolysis-targeting chimera; BRD9 degrader) approaches downregulated ribosome biogenesis genes, decreased the expression of the master regulator MYC, and disrupted the protein-synthesis maintenance machinery, thereby inhibiting multiple myeloma cell growth in vitro and in vivo in preclinical models. Importantly, we identified that the expression of ribosome biogenesis genes was associated with the disease progression and prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma. Our results suggest that BRD9 promotes gene expression by predominantly occupying the promoter regions of ribosome biogenesis genes and cooperating with BRD4 to enhance the transcriptional function of MYC.

Conclusions:
Our study identifies and validates BRD9 as a novel therapeutic target in preclinical models of multiple myeloma, which provides the framework for the clinical evaluation of BRD9 degraders to improve patient outcome.
Bepotastine Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer to PARP Inhibitors through Suppressing NF-κB–Triggered SASP in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts
Authors: Jin Ping , Li Xin , Xia Yu , Li Huayi , Li Xiaoting , Yang Zong-Yuan , Wang Zhen , Xu Cheng , Fang Tian , Zhou Dongchen , Xiong Xiaoming , Wang Si-Yuan , Xu Sen , Gao Qinglei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTherapy-induced senescence (TIS) is common in tumor cells treated with PARP inhibitors (PARPis) and can serve as a promising target for improving PARPi efficacy. However, whether stromal components within the tumor microenvironment undergo TIS caused by PARPis and contribute to consequential treatment failure remain unclear. We previously revealed that PARPis triggered a senescence-like secretory phenotype in stromal fibroblasts. Here, we further explored PARPi-induced senescence in the stroma, its contribution to PARPi resistance, and opportunities to leverage stromal TIS for improved PARPi sensitivity. In this study, we demonstrated that tumor tissues from patients treated with neoadjuvant PARPis showed a significant senescence-like phenotype in the stroma. Moreover, PARPi-induced senescent cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) displayed a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) profile that was sufficient to induce tumor resistance to PARPis in both homologous recombination–deficient (HRD) and –proficient ovarian cancer cells. Using the GLAD4U database, we found that bepotastine, an approved H1-antihistamine, inhibited the SASP of PARPi-primed CAFs at clinical serum concentrations. We further demonstrated that bepotastine attenuated fibroblast-facilitated tumor resistance to PARPis in three-dimensional organotypic cultures and HRD-positive patient-derived xenograft models. Mechanistically, bepotastine suppressed PARPi-triggered SASP by inhibiting NF-κB signaling independent of the histamine H1 receptor. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of stromal TIS and SASP in PARPi resistance, and targeting SASP with bepotastine may be a promising therapeutic option for improving PARPi sensitivity in ovarian cancer.
Efficacious Combination Drug Treatment for Colorectal Cancer That Overcomes Resistance to KRAS G12C Inhibitors
Authors: Matsubara Hiroyuki , Miyoshi Hiroyuki , Kakizaki Fumihiko , Morimoto Tomonori , Kawada Kenji , Yamamoto Takehito , Obama Kazutaka , Sakai Yoshiharu , Taketo Makoto Mark 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent advances in combinatorial chemistry led to the discovery of inhibitors targeting the KRAS G12C-mutant protein. However, efficacy of its monotherapy on colorectal cancer is limited. Thus, effective combination drugs should be explored for applicable patients with colorectal cancer to fully benefit from the KRAS G12C inhibitor treatment. Here we used a patient-derived colorectal cancer stem cell (PD–CRC-SC) spheroid culture and showed that three-drug combination of inhibitors against KRAS G12C, EGFR, and FGFR synergistically suppressed the growth of colorectal cancer cells carrying the KRAS G12C mutation. Likewise, a combination of KRAS G12C and SHP2 inhibitors was also effective. Importantly, activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in heregulin-responsive colorectal cancer cells canceled out the effect of KRAS G12C inhibition, which was largely overcome by PI3K inhibitors. These results reveal that evaluating efficacy of combination therapies with PD–CRC-SC spheroids can be a promising strategy to find the best regimen for patients with colorectal cancer.