bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Community-potential Factors on the Quality of Life of Urban Elderly of Bangkok Metropolitan
Authors: Thongsri Praleena , Jai-Aree Apichart , Srisuantang Sunti 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The population structure in Thailand has changed to an elderly society. The promotion of quality of life for the urban elderly is essential in order to prepare them to become sustainable community members.

Objective:
This study aimed at evaluating the effects related to the community-potential factors on the quality of life of urban elderly and developing the guidelines for the capacity of the community to enhance the quality of life of urban elderly.

Methods:
A mixed-method approach was utilized in two steps. In the first step, quantitative data were collected from 56 elderly people and their caregivers living in an urban area. This data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. In the second step, the qualitative data were also gathered with a semi-structured interview and community surveys from 36 key informants consisting of community leaders, elderly people, partner agencies, community representative groups, public-sector agencies, educational institutions, and people from the civil-society sector to form a focused group in order to analyze their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). Content analysis was carried out to analyze this data.

Results:
The levels of quality of life among the elderly living in the Chan-Kasem community were high. The community potential factors influencing the quality of life of the urban elderly were also high. Results of regression analysis showed that one variable factor affected the quality of life in the elderly (12.6%).

Conclusion:
Three guideline themes for determining the capacity of the community to enhance the quality of life of the urban elderly were found: 1) building a community network and a community learning process to generate a volunteer group in order to incorporate and solve the elderly’s problems, 2) increasing the capacity and promoting the livelihoods of the elderly, and 3) constructing elderly awareness as a valuable human resource of the community.
Disparity in Lung Cancer Screening Among Smokers and Nonsmokers in China: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Le , Wang Youqing , Wang Fei , Gao Yumeng , Fang Zhimei , Gong Weiwei , Li Huizhang , Zhu Chen , Chen Yaoyao , Shi Lei , Du Lingbin , Li Ni 
Published: March 2023

Background
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening is effective in reducing lung cancer mortality in smokers; however, the evidence in nonsmokers is scarce.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the participant rate and effectiveness of one-off LDCT screening for lung cancer among smokers and nonsmokers.

Methods
A population-based prospective cohort study was performed to enroll participants aged between 40 and 74 years from 2013 to 2019 from 4 cities in Zhejiang Province, China. Participants who were evaluated as having a high risk of lung cancer from an established risk score model were recommended to undergo LDCT screening. Follow-up outcomes were retrieved on June 30, 2020. The uptake rate of LDCT screening for evaluated high-risk participants and the detection rate of early-stage lung cancer (stage 0-I) were calculated. The lung cancer incidence, lung cancer mortality, and all-cause mortality were compared between the screened and nonscreened groups.

Results
At baseline, 62.56% (18,818/30,079) of smokers and 6% (5483/91,455) of nonsmokers were identified as high risk (P<.001), of whom 41.9% (7885/18,818) and 66.31% (3636/5483) underwent LDCT screening (P<.001), respectively. After a median follow-up of 5.1 years, 1100 lung cancer cases and 456 all-cause death cases (116 lung cancer death cases) were traced. The proportion of early-stage lung cancer among smokers was 60.3% (173/287), which was lower than the proportion of 80.3% (476/593) among nonsmokers (P<.001). Among smokers, a higher proportion was found in the screened group (72/106, 67.9%) than the nonscreened group (56/114, 49.1%; P=.005), whereas no significance was found (42/44, 96% vs 10/12, 83%; P=.20) among nonsmokers. Compared with participants who were not screened, LDCT screening in smokers significantly increased lung cancer incidence (hazard ratio [HR] 1.39, 95% CI 1.09-1.76; P=.007) but reduced lung cancer mortality (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.28-0.96; P=.04) and all-cause mortality (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.32-0.69; P<.001). Among nonsmokers, no significant results were found for lung cancer incidence (P=.06), all-cause mortality (P=.89), and lung cancer mortality (P=.17).

Conclusions
LDCT screening effectively reduces lung cancer and all-cause mortality among high-risk smokers. Further efforts to define high-risk populations and explore adequate lung cancer screening modalities for nonsmokers are needed.
Development of a Supported Self-management Intervention for People With Severe Mental Illness and Type 2 Diabetes: Theory and Evidence-Based Co-design Approach
Authors: Carswell Claire , Coventry Peter A , Brown Jennifer V E , Alderson Sarah L , Double Keith , Gilbody Simon , Holt Richard I G , Jacobs Rowena , Lister Jennie , Osborn David , Shiers David , Siddiqi Najma , Taylor Johanna , Kellar Ian ,   DIAMONDS Research Group
Published: March 2023

Background
Type 2 diabetes is 2 to 3 times more common among people with severe mental illness (SMI). Self-management is crucial, with additional challenges faced by people with SMI. Therefore, it is essential that any diabetes self-management program for people with SMI addresses the unique needs of people living with both conditions and the inequalities they experience within health care services.

Objective
We combined theory, empirical evidence, and co-design approaches to develop a type 2 diabetes self-management intervention for people with SMI.

Methods
The development process encompassed 4 steps: step 1 involved prioritizing the mechanisms of action (MoAs) and behavior change techniques (BCTs) for the intervention. Using findings from primary qualitative research and systematic reviews, we selected candidate MoAs to target in the intervention and candidate BCTs to use. Expert stakeholders then ranked these MoAs and BCTs using a 2-phase survey. The average scores were used to generate a prioritized list of MoAs and BCTs. During step 2, we presented the survey results to an expert consensus workshop to seek expert agreement with the definitive list of MoAs and BCTs for the intervention and identify potential modes of delivery. Step 3 involved the development of trigger films using the evidence from steps 1 and 2. We used animations to present the experiences of people with SMI managing diabetes. These films were used in step 4, where we used a stakeholder co-design approach. This involved a series of structured workshops, where the co-design activities were informed by theory and evidence.

Results
Upon the completion of the 4-step process, we developed the DIAMONDS (diabetes and mental illness, improving outcomes and self-management) intervention. It is a tailored self-management intervention based on the synthesis of the outputs from the co-design process. The intervention incorporates a digital app, a paper-based workbook, and one-to-one coaching designed to meet the needs of people with SMI and coexisting type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions
The intervention development work was underpinned by the MoA theoretical framework and incorporated systematic reviews, primary qualitative research, expert stakeholder surveys, and evidence generated during co-design workshops. The intervention will now be tested for feasibility before undergoing a definitive evaluation in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.
Assembleias gerais virtuais no Brasil e em Portugal em tempos de pandemia: uma abordagem além do positivismo comparado
Authors: Souza Leonardo de , Obladen de Almendra Freitas Cinthia , Meira Deolinda 
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar comparativamente, a partir da perspectiva de pesquisadores do Brasil e de Portugal, como os ordenamentos jurídicos português e brasileiro responderam às demandas dos seus movimentos cooperativos para a realização das assembleias gerais virtuais das cooperativas na Pandemia de Covid-19. Para isso, realizou-se o estudo comparado não apenas para alcançar as praesumptio similitudinis de cada um dos ordenamentos jurídicos analisados, a partir da visão funcionalista de Konrad Zweigert e Hein Kötz. Buscou-se também compreender as razões jurídico-culturais que levaram cada país a adotar, como de fato adotaram, distintas soluções para exatamente o mesmo problema. Para este propósito em específico, admitiu-se a visão culturalista defendida por Pierre Legrand para contextualizar as respostas legais de Portugal e do Brasil à Pandemia de Covid-19 e, também, compreender as razões quanto às divergências de reações. Como conclusão, percebeu-se que tanto em Portugal quanto no Brasil a Pandemia foi capaz de, respectivamente, ratificar e produzir normas eficientes que hoje permitem a realização permanente de assembleias gerais virtuais com aderência ao princípio cooperativo da gestão democrática. Contudo, apesar da aparente harmonia dos resultados, a análise culturalista demonstrou que estes foram alcançados distintamente, revelando os vestígios jurídico-culturais próprios de cada movimento cooperativo. Com isso, acredita-se trazer uma importante reflexão para colaborar com a compreensão do Direito Cooperativo de cada país em sua autenticidade.
Польш-монголын хамтын ажиллагааны өнөөгийн байдал, цаашдын хөгжлийн чиг хандлага
Authors: Krzysztof Bojko 
Published: March 2023

Монголын Эзэнт гүрэн, Алтан Ордны улс болон Польшийн харилцаа 1241-1502 он
XIX зууны эхэн үеэс XX зууны дунд үе хүртэл польш, монголчуудын харилцаа холбоо
1918-1950 он
1950-1989 он
1989-2020 он
Bokrecension: Towards a Pedagogy of Higher Education. The Bologna Process, Didaktik and Teaching
Authors: Jons Lotta 
Published: March 2023

"I boken Towards a Pedagogy of Higher Education. The Bologna Process, Didaktik and Teaching formulerar Gunnlaugur Magnússon och Johannes Rytzler en teori om undervisning i högre utbildning som vilar på utbildningsvetenskaplig grund. De vill med detta erbjuda ett alternativ till den, som de karaktäriserar det, hegemoniska och ideologiska diskurs som pådriven av Bolognaprocessens utbildningspolitik och -policy kommit att handla om fördefinierade lärandemål, konstruktiv länkning mellan lärandeaktiviteter och lärandemål samt studentcentrering grundlagd i konstruktivistisk lärandeteori. Med hjälp av policyanalys, pedagogisk filosofi och didaktisk teori belyser Magnússon och Rytzler konsekvenserna av denna grundläggning och mejslar därefter fram ett teoretiskt bidrag som möjliggör en högskolepedagogisk disciplin grundad i utbildningsvetenskap." Läs Lotta Jons recesion av boken Towards a Pedagogy of Higher Education. The Bologna Process, Didaktik and Teaching.
Suunvuoro
Authors: Jaakola Minna , Onikki-Rantajääskö Tiina , Vanhatalo Ulla 
Published: March 2023

Suomi on selkokielen käytön edelläkävijöitä. Selkokielen tutkimusperustainen kehittäminen on kuitenkin Euroopan laajuisestikin tuore ilmiö, ja myös Suomessa selkokieltä on tutkittu lähinnä opinnäytteissä. Käsillä oleva lehti on ensimmäinen Virittäjän teemanumero selkokielestä. Uusin, Leealaura Leskelän selkokielen väitöskirja julkaistiin vuonna 2022, ja ainut edellinen kielitieteellinen väitöstutkimus (Kulkki-Nieminen) on vuodelta 2010. Selkokieli on lyönyt itsensä hyvin läpi, mutta se ei ole valmis tuote, jonka saa apteekin hyllyltä. Se on ennen kaikkea kykyä mukauttaa kielellistä toimintaa vastaanottajan tarpeisiin.
Selkokieli on osa saavutettavuutta ja jatkumolla suhteessa selkeään kieleen. Kotus, Selkokeskus ja monet selkotoimijat ovat aloittaneet yhteistyön, jonka jatkuvuus vaatii resursseja. Kansalliskielistrategiassa (2021) ja Avoimen hallinnon strategiassa 2030 edellytetään, että hallinnossa käytetään tarvittaessa selkokieltä. Selkokielen ja selkeän kielen työnjaon kehittäminen lisää kielitietoisuutta ja parantaa käytettävän kielen laatua.
Selkokielen laaja kysyntä edellyttää korkeatasoista koulutusta. Tutkijoiden on oltava hereillä, jotta selkokielen koulutus saadaan tutkimukseen perustuvaksi.
Tämän numeron kirjoitukset valaisevat selkokielen tutkimusta eri näkökulmista. Idastiina Valtasalmi korostaa, että selkokielen ohjeistuksessa pitäisi kiinnittää huomiota rakenteiden funktioihin pelkkien muotojen sijaan. Ritva Pallaskallion tutkimus tuo esiin kaunokirjallisuuden tyylin ja ilmaisukeinojen siirtymisen selkomukauttamisessa. Nuorten huomioiminen lukijoina on ajankohtaista, kun Kulttuurirahasto on käynnistämässä kouluihin suunnatun selkokirjakampanjan.
Mitä on selkovisuaalisuus? Miten tekstin ja kuvan saa yhdessä palvelemaan selkoistusta? Näitä kysymyksiä käsittelee Auli Kulkki-Niemisen artikkeli, jossa hän analysoi journalistisia valokuvia osana selkouutisia.
Muualla Euroopassa selkoistamista kohdellaan usein kielensisäisenä kääntämisenä. Selkoistaminen sopii myös osaksi kääntäjien koulutusta, kuten käy ilmi Päivi Kuusen ja kumppaneiden artikkelista. Johanna Komppa ja Kaarina Pitkänen-Heikkilä jatkavat havaintokirjoituksessaan kääntäjäopiskelijoiden tuottaman aineiston parissa ja nostavat esiin sen, että selkoistamisen keskeiset kysymykset liittyvät tekstin ja informaation rakenteisiin.
Anneli Hanhisalo ja Jenni Stolt korostavat, miten eri kohderyhmissä selkoistamisen tarve voi osua erilaisiin seikkoihin. Tarvitaan ymmärrettävyyden tutkimusta, jota tehdään yhdessä käyttäjien kanssa. Arto Mustajoki puolestaan kuvaa havaintokirjoituksessaan selkokieltä Venäjällä. Kansainväliseen vertailuun antaa eväitä myös käsikirja Euroopan selkokielistä (Lindholm & Vanhatalo 2021).
Selkokieli on tieteidenvälinen tutkimuskohde, joka kutsuu kielentutkijoita vaikuttamaan kieliympäristön kehittymiseen.

Minna Jaakola, Tiina Onikki-Rantajääskö ja Ulla Vanhatalo
Aplicação do saber fazer em enfermagem e suas práticas no ensino: uma crítica reflexiva
Authors: Silva Francine Morais da 
Published: March 2023

Refletir como aplicamos o saber fazer em Enfermagem nas práticas assistenciais e como associá-las ao ensino. Ensaio teórico-reflexivo, a qual discute a aplicação do saber fazer em Enfermagem nas práticas assistenciais e sua correlação com o ensino. A aplicação do saber fazer em Enfermagem propõe a necessidade de discussões sobre as práticas cotidianas da enfermagem e reflexão crítica sobre a realidade dos serviços de saúde. O “saber fazer” em Enfermagem pode ser caracterizado por uma ação benéfica para qualificação do cenário assistencial na qual o profissional Enfermeiro necessita aprimorar seus conhecimentos práticos a fim de qualificar o cuidado prestado aos pacientes e suas famílias.
Descritores: Educação em Enfermagem, Ensino, Metodologia.

Application of know-how in nursing and its practices in teaching: a reflective critique
Abstract: Reflect on how we apply the know-how in Nursing in care practices and how to associate them with teaching. Theoretical-reflective essay, which discusses the application of know-how in Nursing in care practices and its correlation with teaching. The application of know-how in Nursing proposes the need for discussions about daily nursing practices and critical reflection on the reality of health services. The “know-how” in Nursing can be characterized by a beneficial action to qualify the care setting in which the professional Nurse needs to improve their practical knowledge in order to qualify the care provided to patients and their families.
Descriptors: Education Nursing, Teaching, Methodology.

Aplicación del saber hacer en enfermería y sus prácticas en la enseñanza: una crítica reflexiva
Resumen: Reflexionar sobre cómo aplicamos el saber hacer de Enfermería en las prácticas asistenciales y cómo asociarlas a la docencia. Ensayo teórico-reflexivo, que discute la aplicación del saber hacer de Enfermería en las prácticas asistenciales y su correlación con la enseñanza. La aplicación del saber hacer en Enfermería propone la necesidad de discusiones sobre las prácticas cotidianas de enfermería y reflexión crítica sobre la realidad de los servicios de salud. El “saber hacer” en Enfermería se puede caracterizar por una acción benéfica para calificar el ambiente de cuidado en el cual el profesional de Enfermería necesita perfeccionar sus conocimientos prácticos para calificar el cuidado prestado a los pacientes y sus familiares.
Descriptores: Educación en Enfermería, Enseñanza, Metodología.
Applicability of the IOTN-AC index in a bimaxillary protrusion population
Authors: Hoyte Trudee , Ali Anil , Bearn David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the validity of the IOTN-AC in the assessment of aesthetic impairment in bimaxillary protrusion patients.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted and involved 110 patients comprising 52 males (47.3%) and 58 females (52.7%) who were accepted for fixed appliance treatment at The University of the West Indies Dental Hospital and provided consent for the use of their records. The mean age was 13.45 years. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their reasons for seeking orthodontic treatment and score their self-perceived IOTN-AC. An orthodontist also scored the malocclusion using the IOTN (AC and DHC).

Results
Spearman’s correlation between patient IOTN-AC and orthodontist IOTN-AC was r = 0.435, (p < 0.001). However, the patient IOTN-AC and the ‘normative’ need (p = 0.198), as well as the orthodontist IOTN-AC and the ‘normative’ need (p = 0.334), were not correlated (r = 0.124 and r = 0.094, respectively). Both patient and the orthodontist IOTN-AC scores were not in agreement with ‘normative’ need (IOTN-DHC). Cohen’s kappa test determined an agreement between the patient’s IOTN- AC and an orthodontist’s IOTN AC score, k = 0.395, p < 0.001. The questionnaire revealed aesthetics as the primary reason for seeking treatment but there was poor correlation between the questionnaire items and the patient or orthodontist IOTN-AC score, an AC score of 3 being the most common score for both.

Conclusion
The IOTN-AC is not a valid tool to determine patient perception of the need for treatment in a bimaxillary protrusion population when scored by either patients or orthodontists.
Investigation of Continuous Flow Methods for Determining the Content of Reducing Sugar in Tobacco *
Authors: He Shengbao , Luo Anna , Wang Yingyuan , Feng Xiaomin , Liu Nan , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARY
Reducing sugar in tobacco can reduce the pungent odor of cigarette smoke and is the important indicator of tobacco routine chemical analysis. In order to improve the stability of the continuous flow method for the determination of the reducing sugar content in tobacco, the current ISO method, ISO 15154:2003, was intentionally modified as follows: the 5% acetic acid solution in the blue/blue pipeline was replaced by 0.2 mol@L-1 hydrochloric acid solution in the red/red pipeline; the concentration of sodium hydroxide was reduced from 0.5 mol@L-1 to 0.4 mol@L-1; and the volume of the heating tank was increased from 7.7 mL to 10.6 mL. It was found that the repeatability and reproducibility of the revised method kept comparable to those of ISO 15154:2003, the effective sampling in one experiment of the revised method was increased to 90 cups without precipitates in the pipeline, the main reaction time was extended by 45 s, and the lifespan of the heating tank was prolonged by more than 100%. In addition, the modified method was evaluated via a general validation procedure, and the detection limit and the quantitation limit were 0.0057% and 0.0190%, respectively. Furthermore, the relative standard deviation was less than 5%, and the recovery of added standard was between 98.22% and 103.65%. These results indicate that the modified method is a promising alternative to the current ISO method. [Contrib. Tob. Nicotine Res. 32 (2023) 11–17]
Selected Economic and Social Aspects Resulting from Online Education at the Higher Level
Authors: Bartkowiak Anna , Marciniuk Agnieszka 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 epidemic undoubtedly affected methods and results of teaching, posed many challenges, and changed approaches to education. With the aim of verifying these changes in the context of distance learning in selected social, health, psychological and economic aspects, a survey was conducted among economics students in Poland.
The article aims to present the results of this survey and to verify the main research hypotheses: that students put less work into distance education than in-class education during the semester; they were less active and focused; the economic benefits increased; and social relations deteriorated.
Due to the type of variables studied, statistical methods such as parametric and non-parametric tests, descriptive statistics, correlations measures, and generalized multinomial linear models were used.
From the survey analysis, it can be concluded that distance learning is more complicated, as it requires more work and an above-average commitment. During distance learning, students are reluctant to speak up and be active, but they can contact a teacher more easily. The negative effects of this learning are the increasing health and psychological problems and minimal social relations. A positive impact is an economic aspect in the form of saved time, funds, and the possibility of earning money. IT competencies were improved and the possibility of additional education and participating in many workshops increased. The research results show that most students prefer lectures online vs. classes and labs in person.
INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF Conotrachelus dubiae IN RELATION TO FRUIT RETENTION OF Myrciaria dubia (CAMU-CAMU) IN A FLOODED AREA, IN LORETO-PERU
Authors: PARISI Irene Luce , ROTH Mechthild , PINEDO-PANDURO Mario , VÁSQUEZ-BARDALES Joel , PAREDES-DAVILA Elvis , ABANTO-RODRIGUEZ Carlos 
Published: March 2023

Myrciaria dubia (camu-camu) is an Amazonian fruit of economic importance.The most common problems are the damage caused by Conotrachelus dubiae and the drop of developing fruits. The objective was to clarify the factors influencing post-defoliation fruit retention influenced by C. dubiae in flooded areas. Four treatments were applied: control (T1), bottle trap (T2), adhesive tape trap (T3), and foliar fertilization (T4). The research was conducted at a camu-camu plot on the Amazon River banks. As an additional control, plants at a highland plot were evaluated. Data on the retention of flowers and fruits, yield, and quality were obtained. The presence of pests was monitored, and fruits attacked by C. dubiae were harvested. T2 showed the highest levels of damaged fruit (11.9% ± 9) and fruit retention (24.5% ± 21). This supports the hypothesis that the primary cause of fruit drop is not pest damage. In fact, T4 was the most effective pest control (damaged fruits: 4.1% ± 4). The critical period for fruit retention was right after the fruit set. Defoliation did not have any effects on fruit quality. Flowering induction, unusually occurring during the flooding period, explains the high stress that caused low fruit retention.