bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periostitis Ossificans: Largest Case Series with Review of Literature
Authors: Saad Ahmed , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Kurisunkal Vineet John , Nischal Neha , Davies A.M. , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Periostitis ossificans (PO) are rare, benign ossifying surface lesions characterized by the centripetal ossification with osseous and soft-tissue edema. Their clinicoradiological appearances can easily mimic those of more sinister or infective surface lesion.
Objective This study aimed to explore the various anatomical locations and muscle attachment at the site of PO, and evaluate the role of complementary image findings in patients presenting at our tertiary orthopaedic referral center.
Patients and Methods A retrospective review of our oncology and radiology databases was undertaken to identify patients with PO reported on radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) over the past 13 years (2007–2020).Patient demographics, sites of PO, muscle attachment at the site of PO, findings on complementary imaging, and clinical management outcome were documented.
Results We identified 38 patients with PO with a mean age of 24 years (range: 4–66 years). Muscle attachment was seen at the site of PO in the majority of cases (89%). The majority of PO were in the lower limb and commonly seen around the attachment of quadriceps. Deltoid attachment was commonly involved in the upper limb.
Conclusion Muscle attachment is commonly seen at the site of PO, which results in stripping of the periosteum resulting in soft-tissue and osseous edema and centripetal ossification.
BL-MOL-AR Project, Preliminary Results about Liquid Biopsy: Molecular Approach Experience and Research Activity in Oncological Settings
Authors: Pancrazzi Alessandro , Bloise Francesco , Moncada Alice , Perticucci Roberta , Vecchietti Stefania , Pompili Francesca , Ricciarini Francesca , Lenzi Silvia , Gatteschi Cristina , Giusti Sabrina , Rosito Maria Pia , Del Buono Sabrina , Belardi Paola , Bruni Alessandra , Borri Filippo , Campione Andrea , Laurini Lorella , Occhini Rossella , Presenti Loretta , Viticchi Viviana , Rossi Maja , Bardi Sara , D'Urso Antonio , Dei Simona , Venezia Duccio , Scala Raffaele , Bengala Carmelo , Decarli Nicola Libertà , Carnevali Andrea , Milandri Carlo , Ognibene Agostino 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Liquid biopsy is mainly used to identify tumor cells in pulmonary neoplasms. It is more often used in research than in clinical practice. The BL-MOL-AR study aims to investigate the efficacy of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and clinical interpretation of the circulating free DNA (cfDNA) levels. This study reports the preliminary results from the first samples analyzed from patients affected by various neoplasms: lung, intestinal, mammary, gastric, biliary, and cutaneous.
Methods The Biopsia Liquida-Molecolare-Arezzo study aims to enroll cancer patients affected by various malignancies, including pulmonary, intestinal, advanced urothelial, biliary, breast, cutaneous, and gastric malignancies. Thirty-nine patients were included in this preliminary report.At time zero, a liquid biopsy is executed, and two types of NGS panels are performed, comprising 17 genes in panel 1, which is already used in the routine tissue setting, and 52 genes in panel 2. From the 7th month after enrollment, 10 sequential liquid biopsies are performed up to the 17th month. The variant allele frequency (%) and cfDNA levels (ng/mL) are measured in every plasmatic sample.
Results The NGS results obtained by different panels are similar even though the number of mutations is more concordant for lung pathologies. There are no significant differences in the actionability levels of the identified variants. Most of the molecular profiles of liquid biopsies reflect tissue data.
Conclusions Preliminary data from this study confirm the need to clarify the limitations and potential of liquid biopsy beyond the lung setting. Overall, parameters related to cfDNA levels and variant allele frequency could provide important indications for prognosis and disease monitoring.
Fireline production rate of handcrews in wildfires of the Spanish Mediterranean region
Authors: Ortega Macarena , Rodríguez y Silva Francisco , Molina Juan Ramón 
Published: July 2023

Background Handcrews dig handlines to bare mineral soil for fire containment. Increasing the amount of firefighting resources is insufficient to mitigate wildfire damage or decrease the number of large fires. Aims This study aims to empirically assess handcrew fireline production rates through direct monitoring of suppression actions on active wildfires. Methods A database was created from information gathered by crew supervisors during wildfires in southern Spain between 2014 and 2019. Fireline production rates were calculated from working time and handline length. Key results Mean fireline production rate during direct attack in chaparral was 0.33 m min−1 firefighter−1, whereas production in timber litter was 1.06 m min−1 firefighter−1. However, fireline production rate was considerably reduced during indirect attack, in fuel types with high fuel loading, on wildfires larger than 50 ha, after 3 h of sustained suppression action, with crews of more than nine firefighters, in unsuccessful fire containment, and when the ground crews lacked aerial support. Conclusions Our results suggest mean fireline production rates need to be modified by working conditions and psychological variables to better inform efficient acquisition and allocation of resources. Implications Knowing the operating capability of firefighting resources is important to fire managers for reducing uncertainty and guaranteeing the safety and effectiveness of suppression.
The use of subtitles in foreign language teaching
Authors: Petillo Mariacristina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The aim of this contribution is to assert the role of didactic audiovisual translation as a helpful tool for enhancing metalinguistic skills in a foreign language classroom in Italy; more precisely, the paper will offer an analysis of how foreign language teachers can introduce their students to the idea of sociolinguistic variation, by observing how lexical and morphosyntactic changes can occur in the translation process from an Italian source text into an English target text and/or vice versa. The following sociolinguistic variables will be examined through the lens of audiovisual translation, applied to a range of text types including films and an opera libretto turned into surtitles in English: (1) diamesic variation, making students reflect on such aspects as coarse expressions and taboo words, in relation to the Australian film Ned Kelly; (2) diachronic variation, exploring the multidisciplinary possibilities offered by opera surtitling with a focus on the opera Falstaff by Giuseppe Verdi; (3) diatopic, diastratic and diaphasic variations, commenting upon some examples from the Italian films Mio cognato (My Brother-In-Law) and L’uomo che comprò la luna (The Man Who Bought the Moon).
Decay of solutions of the wave equation in cosmological spacetimes—a numerical analysis
Authors: Rossetti Flavio , Vañó-Viñuales Alex 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We numerically evolve spherically symmetric solutions to the linear wave equation on some expanding Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker spacetimes and study the respective asymptotics for large times. We find a quantitative relation between the expansion rate of the underlying background Universe and the decay rate of linear waves, also in the context of spatially-hyperbolic spacetimes, for which rigorous proofs of decay rates are not generally known. A prominent role in the decay mechanism is shown to be played by tails, i.e. scattered waves propagating in the interior of the lightcone.
Present and future constraints on secluded dark matter in the Galactic Halo with TeV Gamma-ray observatories
Authors: N. Fortes Guilherme , S. Queiroz Farinaldo , Siqueira Clarissa , Viana Aion 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The dark matter relic density may be governed by the presence of new mediators that connect the dark matter field with the Standard Model particles. When the dark matter particle mass is larger than the mediator's, the pair production of mediators is kinematically open. This setup is known in the literature as secluded dark matter. Motivated by the appearance of secluded dark matter in several model building endeavours, we investigate the sensitivity of TeV gamma-ray instruments in the Southern Hemisphere namely, H.E.S.S., CTA, and SWGO to secluded dark matter annihilating in the Galactic Halo. We exploit the complementarity aspects of these detectors to find restrictive bounds on the annihilation cross-section for different annihilation channels. In particular, for a dark matter particle mass of 2 TeV, H.E.S.S. is able to constraint 〈σv〉 ≥ 4 × 10-26 cm3 s-1 at 95% confidence level for the 4q and 4τ channel, while CTA will be sensitive to 〈σv〉 ≥ 7 × 10-27 cm3 s-1 and SWGO 〈σv〉 ≥ 6 × 10-27 cm3 s-1 for the 4τ channel, both well below the thermal relic cross-section. In fact, the combination of CTA and SWGO will be able to probe cross-sections below the thermal relic value for dark matter particles in the whole mass range between 100 GeV and 100 TeV in the 4q and 4τ channels, and between 100 GeV and ∼ 40 TeV in the 4b channel.
Low peak power broadband supercontinuum spectra generated in a square lattice toluene-core photonic crystal fiber with different air hole diameters
Authors: Chu Van Lanh , Le Tran Bao Tran 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study shows that it is possible to achieve a very large supercontinuum spectral broadening with a peak power hundreds of times lower than in previous publications. We can achieve by using a square lattice toluene-core photonic crystal fiber. With the heterogeneity in the diameter of air holes, our new design allows simultaneous optimization of characteristic quantities to ensure flat near-zero dispersion, small effective mode area, and low attenuation for efficient spectral broadening. Supercontinuum generation (SC) of proposed PCFs has been numerically simulated and studied under different pump source parameters. The first fiber with a lattice constant of 1.0 μm and filling factor of 0.65 operates in all-normal dispersion. It generates broadband of 1.045 μm by a pump pulse with a central wavelength of 1.3 μm, 40 fs duration, and energy of 18 pJ (corresponding peak power of 0.45 kW). Besides, two octave-spanning of the SC spectrum in the wavelength range of 0.775–4.3 μm are formed in the second fiber with an input pulse whose optical properties are 1.55 μm wavelength, 100 fs duration, and energy of 55 pJ (0.45 kW of the peak power). The lattice constant of second fiber is 2.0 μm and the filling factor is 0.3. They would be good candidates for all-fiber SC sources operating with low-power pump lasers. This would be a as cost-effective alternatives to glass core fibers.
Research on the Aging Properties of HTPB Propellant under Vacuum
Authors: Tang Yuqing , Liao Wenhe , Deng Hanyu , Chen Cheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The space environment has high vacuum, rapid temperature alternations and other extreme conditions, which can affect the energy, ignition rate and ignition performance of solid propellants in the space environment. In order to obtain the space aging performance of HTPB propellant, this paper investigates the aging performance of HTPB propellant in vacuum environment and compares it with atmospheric pressure, and analyses the oxidative cross-linking, degradation chain scission and “dehumidification” behaviour based on the mechanical properties, cross-sectional state and infrared spectra of propellant before and after aging. The research results show that the anhydrous environment under vacuum prevents the occurrence of the chain scission degradation of HTPB propellant, and HTPB propellant is basically only affected by the oxidative cross-linking reaction, where the reaction rate is slow. The mechanical properties show that the breaking strength increases slightly in the first stage, in the later stage of aging, the oxidative cross-linking reaction was intensified due to the decomposition of AP, and the breaking strength increased obviously compared with the initial value. Under the atmosphere, the HTPB propellant was mainly affected by oxidative cross-linking reaction in the early stage of aging, and the breaking strength increased. In the later stage of aging, due to the chain scission degradation of OA moisture absorption, the breaking strength showed an opposite trend and decreased. In addition, an obvious “dehumidification” phenomenon occurs inside the propellant after aging, which is more obvious under a vacuum.
Study on Effects of Cu content on Microstructure and corrosion resistance of Zr-Nb alloys
Authors: Tian Feng , Qu Jing-wen , Shi Ming-hua , Li Bo-shuai , Li Jie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the further development of nuclear power, the fuel burn-up continues to increase and the refueling cycle is extended, which puts forward higher requirements for the performance of fuel cladding materials. In this paper, Zr-Nb-0.1Fe-x (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%) Cu alloy samples were prepared by using the process route and process parameters of industrial production of zirconium alloy plates. The effects of Cu content on the microstructure of Zr-Nb alloy and the corrosion resistance in 18.6 MPa / 360 °C Li+B aqueous solution were studied by means of high-temperature autoclave simulation test, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, metallographic microscope, and XRD observation and analysis. The results show that Zr-Nb-0.1Fe-xCu alloy precipitates a large number of elliptical second-phase particles, mainly distributed in the crystal. With the increase of Cu content, the number of the second phase whose size is greater than 100 nm increases, the solid solubility of Cu in the alloy matrix of Zr-Nb-0.1Fe-xCu alloy is less than 0.1%, and the second phase of Zr-Nb-0.1Fe-0.05% Cu alloy is mainly β-Nb and Zr-Nb-0.1Fe compounds, Zr-Nb-0.1Fe - (0.1%, 0.2%) Cu alloy second phase is mainly a large amount of β-Nb and Zr-Nb-0.1Fe and a small amount of Zr Cu compounds. The corrosion resistance of Zr-1Nb-0.1Fe alloy can be improved by adding ≤ 0.2% Cu. After 434 d of corrosion, the oxide film was completely transformed from t-ZrO2 to m-ZrO2. The interface between the oxide film and metal was tightly bound, and there were transverse microcracks in the oxide film, but it did not fall off. When the content of Cu is 0.2%, the corrosion resistance is the best.
Study on preparation of pillararene cocrystals by liquid-assisted grinding
Authors: Rong Yujia , Xue Shaomin , Li Shenghua , Pang Siping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) has received wide attention in chemical synthesis field. Here, we reported that LAG provides a smart strategy to build macrocyclic cocrystal (MCC), achieving quick modification. The macrocyclic cocrystal has been assembled by electronegative permethylated pillar[5]arenes (EtP5) and electropositive ligands. We select three ligands with strong electron-deficient groups for cocrystal preparation with EtP5 by LAG and judge whether the grinding products are cocrystals by color change, Infrared (IR), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). We demonstrated that the same structure as solvent cocrystal can be obtained by LAG. We obtained the single crystal structure of the EtP5 cocrystal with the promising ligand, confirming the formation of cocrystals and the reliability of the liquid-assisted grinding method.
Research on preparation and properties of modified cellulose aerogel
Authors: Zhen Ziwei , Lv Jie , Yang Bochao , Wang Yi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The preparation of oil-water separation aerogels using environmentally friendly and renewable cellulose is one of the main methods to solve oil leakage or oil pollution. In this paper, modified cellulose aerogel was prepared by grafting vinyl on cellulose through acylation reaction and then UV induced hydrophobic-alkene clicking reaction. The material had been used to characterize the morphology and structure, and it was found that the material was nanostructured and hydrophobic. Adsorption of organic solvent test results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of the aerogel 14.8 g·g-1. The reusability of the modified aerogels was tested, and the experimental results showed that the adsorption capacity of the modified cellulose aerogels was only reduced by 1.44% after five cycles, which proves that the aerogel has good reusability and stability. In conclusion, modified cellulose aerogel is a potential environmentally friendly oil-water separation and adsorption material.
Low energy electronic recoils and single electron detection with a liquid Xenon proportional scintillation counter
Authors: Qi Jianyang , Hood Noah , Kopec Abigail , Ma Yue , Xu Haiwen , Zhong Min , Ni Kaixuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Liquid xenon (LXe) is a well-studied detector medium to
search for rare events in dark matter and neutrino
physics. Two-phase xenon time projection chambers (TPCs) can detect
electronic and nuclear recoils with energy down to kilo-electron
volts (keV). In this paper, we characterize the response of a
single-phase liquid xenon proportional scintillation counter
(LXePSC), which produces electroluminescence directly in the
liquid, to detect electronic recoils at low energies. Our design
uses a thin (10–25 μm diameter), central anode wire in a
cylindrical LXe target where ionization electrons, created from
radiation particles, drift radially towards the anode, and
electroluminescence is produced. Both the primary scintillation (S1)
and electroluminescence (S2) are detected by photomultiplier tubes
(PMTs) surrounding the LXe target. Up to 17 photons are produced per
electron, obtained with a 10 μm diameter anode wire, allowing
for the highly efficient detection of electronic recoils from beta
decays of a tritium source down to ∼ 1 keV. Single electrons,
from photoemission of the cathode wires, are observed at a gain of
1.8 photoelectrons (PE) per electron. The delayed signals following
the S2 signals are dominated by single-photon-like hits, without
evidence for electron signals observed in the two-phase xenon
TPCs. We discuss the potential application of such a LXePSC for
reactor neutrino detection via Coherent Elastic Neutrino Nucleus
Scattering (CEνNS).
XCC: an X-ray FEL-based γγ Compton collider Higgs factory
Authors: Barklow T. , Emma C. , Huang Z. , Naji A. , Nanni E. , Schwartzman A. , Tantawi S. , White G. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This report describes the conceptual design of a
γγ Higgs factory in which 62.8 GeV electron beams
collide with 1 keV X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) beams to
produce colliding beams of 62.5 GeV photons. The Higgs boson
production rate is 80,000 Higgs bosons per 107 second year,
roughly the same as the ILC Higgs rate at √s = 250 GeV. The
electron accelerator is based on cold copper distributed coupling
(C3) accelerator technology. Unlike the center-of-mass energy
spectra of previous optical wavelength γγ collider
designs, the sharply peaked γγ center-of-mass energy
spectrum of XCC produces model independent Higgs coupling
measurements with precision on par with e
+
e
- colliders. For the
triple Higgs coupling measurement, the XCC center-of-mass energy can
be upgraded to 380 GeV, where the cross section for
γγ → HH is twice that of
e
+
e
- → ZHH at √s = 500 GeV. Design
challenges are discussed, along with the R&D to address them,
including demonstrators.
Destructive breakdown studies of irradiated LGADs at beam tests for the ATLAS HGTD
Authors: Beresford L.A. , Boumediene D.E. , Castillo García L. , Corpe L.D. , Da Cunha Sargedas de Sousa M.J. , El Jarrari H. , Eshkevarvakili A. , Grieco C. , Grinstein S. , Guindon S. , Howard A. , Kramberger G. , Kurdysh O. , Mazini R. , Missio M. , Morenas M. , Perrin O. , Raskina V. , Saito G. , Trincaz-Duvoid S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the past years, it has been observed at several beam test campaigns that
irradiated LGAD sensors break with a typical star shaped burn mark when
operated at voltages much lower than those at which they were safely operated
during laboratory tests. The study presented in this paper was designed to
determine the safe operating voltage that these sensors can withstand. Many
irradiated sensors from various producers were tested in two test beam
facilities, DESY (Hamburg) and CERN-SPS (Geneva), as part of ATLAS High
Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) beam tests. The samples were placed in the
beam and kept under bias over a long period of time in order to reach a high
number of particles crossing each sensor. Both beam tests lead to a similar
conclusion, that these destructive events begin to occur when the average
electric field in the sensor becomes larger than
12 V/μm.
Preparation, characterization, and bioactivity of reinforced monetite with chitosan-gelatin electrospun composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Singh Yogendra Pratap , Purohit ShivDutt , Gupta Mukesh Kumar , Bhaskar Rakesh , Han Sung Soo , Dasgupta Sudip 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this study, chitosan-gelatin-monetite (CGM)-based electrospun scaffolds have been developed that closely mimicked the microstructure and chemical composition of the extracellular matrix of natural bone. CGM-based nanofibrous composite scaffolds were prepared with the help of the electrospinning technique, post-cross-linked using ethyl(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide solution to improve their stability in an aqueous environment. The prepared chitosan/gelatin (CG) scaffold showed an average fiber diameter of 308 ± 17 nm, whereas 5 and 7 wt% monetite containing CGM5 and CGM7 scaffolds, exhibited an average fiber diameter of 287 ± 13 and 265 ± 9 nm, respectively, revealing the fine distribution of monetite particles on the fibrous surface. The distribution of monetite nanoparticles onto the CG nanofibrous surface was confirmed using x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and EDAX. Moreover, the addition of 7 wt% monetite into the CG electrospun matrix increased their ultimate tensile strength from 7.62 ± 0.13 MPa in the CG scaffold to 14.34 ± 0.39 MPa in the CGM7 scaffold. Simulated body fluid study and staining with alizarin red S (ARS) confirmed the higher mineralization ability of monetite-containing scaffolds compared to that revealed by the CG scaffold. The monetite incorporation into the CG matrix improved its osteogenic properties, including pre-osteoblast MG-63 cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, when seeded with the cells. A higher degree of cellular adhesion, spreading, and migration was observed on the monetite-incorporated CG scaffold than that on the CG scaffold. From 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, ARS staining, and immunocytochemistry study, the cultured cells discovered a more conducive microenvironment to proliferate and subsequently differentiate into osteoblast lineage in contact with CGM7 nanofibers rather than that in CGM0 and CGM5. In-vitro results indicated that electrospun CGM-based composite scaffolds could be used as a potential candidate to repair and regenerate new bone tissues.