bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormalities in pulmonary function and volumes in patients with CHD: a systematic review
Authors: Hock Julia , Willinger Laura , Pozza Robert Dalla , Ewert Peter , Hager Alfred 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground:Lung function and cardiac function are naturally correlated by sharing the thoracic cage and handling the whole cardiac output sequentially. However, lung function studies are rare in patients with CHD, although results worthy of investigation could be expected. This review summarises existing studies with the lung function parameters (spirometry and body plethysmography) in CHD patients during the last decade.Methods:A systematic review was performed in the relevant database (PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus) in studies including paediatric and adult patients with CHD where lung parameters (spirometry, body plethysmography) were investigated from January 2010 to December 2020. Two independent reviewers evaluated the studies according to the Study Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteResults:Eight studies investigated patients with Fontan palliation including 704 patients (306 female). Four studies included patients after repaired tetralogy of Fallot examining 219 patients (103 female), with one study using double. Further six studies included 3208 (1324 female) children and adults with various CHDs. Overall, four studies were categorised as “good”, ten as “fair”, and four as “poor”. While the measurements were consistently standardised, references to calculate %predicted differed substantially across all studies. All evaluated studies showed reduced forced vital capacity in the majority of CHD patients.Conclusions:Many CHD patients have a reduced forced vital capacity independent of their underlying defect. Spirometry should not only follow a standardised measure according to ATS (update 2019) but also stick to the 2012 GLI reference values
Stereotypes of older workers and perceived ageism in job ads: evidence from an experiment
Authors: Burn Ian , Firoozi Daniel , Ladd Daniel , Neumark David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe explore whether ageist stereotypes in job ads are detectable using machine-learning methods measuring the linguistic similarity of job-ad language to ageist stereotypes identified by industrial psychologists. We then conduct an experiment to evaluate whether this language is perceived as biased against older workers searching for jobs. We find that job-ad language classified by the machine-learning algorithm as closely related to ageist stereotypes is perceived by experimental subjects as biased against older job seekers. These methods could potentially help enforce anti-discrimination laws by using job ads to predict or identify employers more likely to be engaging in age discrimination.
Long-term option pricing with a lower reflecting barrier
Authors: Thomas R. Guy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper considers the pricing of long-term options on assets such as housing, where either government intervention or the economic nature of the asset limits large falls in prices. The observed asset price is modelled by a geometric Brownian motion (“the notional price”) reflected at a lower barrier. The resulting observed price has standard dynamics but with localised intervention at the barrier, which allows arbitrage with interim losses; this is funded by the government’s unlimited powers of intervention, and its exploitation is subject to credit constraints. Despite the lack of an equivalent martingale measure for the observed price, options on this price can be expressed as compound options on the arbitrage-free notional price, to which standard risk-neutral arguments can be applied. Because option deltas tend to zero when the observed price approaches the barrier, hedging with the observed price gives the same results as hedging with the notional price and so exactly replicates option payoffs. Hedging schemes are not unique, with the cheapest scheme for any derivative being the one which best exploits the interventions at the barrier. The price of a put is clear: direct replication has a lower initial cost than synthetic replication, and the replication portfolio always has positive value. The price of a call is ambiguous: synthetic replication has a lower initial cost than direct replication, but the replication portfolio may give interim losses. So the preferred replication strategy (and hence price) of a call depends on what margin payments need to be made on these losses.
Secondary Gravity Waves From the Stratospheric Polar Vortex Over ALOMAR Observatory on 12–14 January 2016: Observations and Modeling
Authors: Vadas Sharon L. , Becker Erich , Bossert Katrina , Baumgarten Gerd , Hoffmann Lars , Harvey V. Lynn 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe analyze the gravity waves (GWs) observed by a Rayleigh lidar at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) (16.08°E, 69.38°N) in Norway at z ∼ 20–85 km on 12–14 January 2016. These GWs propagate upward and downward away from zknee = 57 and 64 km at a horizontally‐displaced location with periods τr ∼ 5–10 hr and vertical wavelengths λz ∼ 9–20 km. Because the hodographs are distorted, we introduce an alternative method to determine the GW parameters. We find that these GWs are medium to large‐scale, and propagate north/northwestward with intrinsic horizontal phase speeds of ∼35–65 m/s. Since the GW parameters are similar above and below zknee, these are secondary GWs created by local body forces (LBFs) south/southeast of ALOMAR. We use the nudged HIAMCM (HIgh Altitude Mechanistic general Circulation Model) to model these events. Remarkably, the model reproduces similar GW structures over ALOMAR, with zknee = 58 and 66 km. The event #1 GWs are created by a LBF at ∼35°E, ∼60°N, and z ∼ 58 km. This LBF is created by the breaking and dissipation of primary GWs generated and amplified by the imbalance of the polar night jet below the wind maximum; the primary GWs for this event are created at z ∼ 25–35 km at 49–53°N. We also find that the HIAMCM GWs agree well with those observed by the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) satellite, and that those AIRS GWs south and north of ∼50°N over Europe are mainly mountain waves and GWs from the polar vortex, respectively.
RAC1B function is essential for breast cancer stem cell maintenance and chemoresistance of breast tumor cells
Authors: Chen Fuhui , Gurler Sevim B. , Novo David , Selli Cigdem , Alferez Denis G. , Eroglu Secil , Pavlou Kyriaki , Zhang Jingwei , Sims Andrew H. , Humphreys Neil E. , Adamson Antony , Campbell Andrew , Sansom Owen J. , Tournier Cathy , Clarke Robert B. , Brennan Keith , Streuli Charles H. , Ucar Ahmet 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBreast cancer stem cells (BCSC) are presumed to be responsible for treatment resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis of breast tumors. However, development of BCSC-targeting therapies has been held back by their heterogeneity and the lack of BCSC-selective molecular targets. Here, we demonstrate that RAC1B, the only known alternatively spliced variant of the small GTPase RAC1, is expressed in a subset of BCSCs in vivo and its function is required for the maintenance of BCSCs and their chemoresistance to doxorubicin. In human breast cancer cell line MCF7, RAC1B is required for BCSC plasticity and chemoresistance to doxorubicin in vitro and for tumor-initiating abilities in vivo. Unlike Rac1, Rac1b function is dispensable for normal mammary gland development and mammary epithelial stem cell (MaSC) activity. In contrast, loss of Rac1b function in a mouse model of breast cancer hampers the BCSC activity and increases their chemosensitivity to doxorubicin treatment. Collectively, our data suggest that RAC1B is a clinically relevant molecular target for the development of BCSC-targeting therapies that may improve the effectiveness of doxorubicin-mediated chemotherapy.
Targeting tumor-stroma communication by blocking endothelin-1 receptors sensitizes high-grade serous ovarian cancer to PARP inhibition
Authors: Tocci Piera , Roman Celia , Sestito Rosanna , Di Castro Valeriana , Sacconi Andrea , Molineris Ivan , Paolini Francesca , Carosi Mariantonia , Tonon Giovanni , Blandino Giovanni , Bagnato Anna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPARP inhibitors (PARPi) have changed the treatment paradigm of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HG-SOC). However, the impact of this class of inhibitors in HG-SOC patients with a high rate of TP53 mutations is limited, highlighting the need to develop combinatorial therapeutic strategies to improve responses to PARPi. Here, we unveil how the endothelin-1/ET-1 receptor (ET-1/ET-1R) axis, which is overexpressed in human HG-SOC and associated with poor prognosis, instructs HG-SOC/tumor microenvironment (TME) communication via key pro-malignant factors and restricts the DNA damage response induced by the PARPi olaparib. Mechanistically, the ET-1 axis promotes the p53/YAP/hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transcription hub connecting HG-SOC cells, endothelial cells and activated fibroblasts, hence fueling persistent DNA damage signal escape. The ET-1R antagonist macitentan, which dismantles the ET-1R-mediated p53/YAP/HIF-1α network, interferes with HG-SOC/stroma interactions that blunt PARPi efficacy. Pharmacological ET-1R inhibition by macitentan in orthotopic HG-SOC patient-derived xenografts synergizes with olaparib to suppress metastatic progression, enhancing PARPi survival benefit. These findings reveal ET-1R as a mechanistic determinant in the regulation of HG-SOC/TME crosstalk and DNA damage response, indicating the use of macitentan in combinatorial treatments with PARPi as a promising and emerging therapy.
RBP–RNA interactions in the control of autoimmunity and autoinflammation
Authors: Liu Juan , Cao Xuetao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAutoimmunity and autoinflammation arise from aberrant immunological and inflammatory responses toward self-components, contributing to various autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are essential for immune cell development and function, mainly via exerting post-transcriptional regulation of RNA metabolism and function. Functional dysregulation of RBPs and abnormities in RNA metabolism are closely associated with multiple autoimmune or autoinflammatory disorders. Distinct RBPs play critical roles in aberrant autoreactive inflammatory responses via orchestrating a complex regulatory network consisting of DNAs, RNAs and proteins within immune cells. In-depth characterizations of RBP–RNA interactomes during autoimmunity and autoinflammation will lead to a better understanding of autoimmune pathogenesis and facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize and discuss the functions of RBP–RNA interactions in controlling aberrant autoimmune inflammation and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Microcomb-based integrated photonic processing unit
Authors: Bai Bowen , Yang Qipeng , Shu Haowen , Chang Lin , Yang Fenghe , Shen Bitao , Tao Zihan , Wang Jing , Xu Shaofu , Xie Weiqiang , Zou Weiwen , Hu Weiwei , Bowers John E. , Wang Xingjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe emergence of parallel convolution-operation technology has substantially powered the complexity and functionality of optical neural networks (ONN) by harnessing the dimension of optical wavelength. However, this advanced architecture faces remarkable challenges in high-level integration and on-chip operation. In this work, convolution based on time-wavelength plane stretching approach is implemented on a microcomb-driven chip-based photonic processing unit (PPU). To support the operation of this processing unit, we develop a dedicated control and operation protocol, leading to a record high weight precision of 9 bits. Moreover, the compact architecture and high data loading speed enable a preeminent photonic-core compute density of over 1 trillion of operations per second per square millimeter (TOPS mm−2). Two proof-of-concept experiments are demonstrated, including image edge detection and handwritten digit recognition, showing comparable processing capability compared to that of a digital computer. Due to the advanced performance and the great scalability, this parallel photonic processing unit can potentially revolutionize sophisticated artificial intelligence tasks including autonomous driving, video action recognition and image reconstruction.
Natural oxidase-mimicking copper-organic frameworks for targeted identification of ascorbate in sensitive sweat sensing
Authors: Wang Zhengyun , Huang Yuchen , Xu Kunqi , Zhong Yanyu , He Chaohui , Jiang Lipei , Sun Jiankang , Rao Zhuang , Zhu Jiannan , Huang Jing , Xiao Fei , Liu Hongfang , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSweat sensors play a significant role in personalized healthcare by dynamically monitoring biochemical markers to detect individual physiological status. The specific response to the target biomolecules usually depends on natural oxidase, but it is susceptible to external interference. In this work, we report tryptophan- and histidine-treated copper metal-organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs). This amino-functionalized copper-organic framework shows highly selective activity for ascorbate oxidation and can serve as an efficient ascorbate oxidase-mimicking material in sensitive sweat sensors. Experiments and calculation results elucidate that the introduced tryptophan/histidine fundamentally regulates the adsorption behaviors of biomolecules, enabling ascorbate to be selectively captured from complex sweat and further efficiently electrooxidized. This work provides not only a paradigm for specifically sweat sensing but also a significant understanding of natural oxidase-inspired MOF nanoenzymes for sensing technologies and beyond.
Functional geometry of the cortex encodes dimensions of consciousness
Authors: Huang Zirui , Mashour George A. , Hudetz Anthony G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConsciousness is a multidimensional phenomenon, but key dimensions such as awareness and wakefulness have been described conceptually rather than neurobiologically. We hypothesize that dimensions of consciousness are encoded in multiple neurofunctional dimensions of the brain. We analyze cortical gradients, which are continua of the brain’s overarching functional geometry, to characterize these neurofunctional dimensions. We demonstrate that disruptions of human consciousness – due to pharmacological, neuropathological, or psychiatric causes – are associated with a degradation of one or more of the major cortical gradients depending on the state. Network-specific reconfigurations within the multidimensional cortical gradient space are associated with behavioral unresponsiveness of various etiologies, and these spatial reconfigurations correlate with a temporal disruption of structured transitions of dynamic brain states. In this work, we therefore provide a unifying neurofunctional framework for multiple dimensions of human consciousness in both health and disease.
OASL phase condensation induces amyloid-like fibrillation of RIPK3 to promote virus-induced necroptosis
Authors: Lee Shin-Ae , Chang Lin-Chun , Jung WooRam , Bowman James W. , Kim Dokyun , Chen Weiqiang , Foo Suan-Sin , Choi Youn Jung , Choi Un Yung , Bowling Anna , Yoo Ji-Seung , Jung Jae U. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRIPK3–ZBP1–MLKL-mediated necroptosis is a proinflammatory cell death process that is crucial for antiviral host defence. RIPK3 self-oligomerization and autophosphorylation are prerequisites for executing necroptosis, yet the underlying mechanism of virus-induced RIPK3 activation remains elusive. Interferon-inducible 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthetase-like (OASL) protein is devoid of enzymatic function but displays potent antiviral activity. Here we describe a role of OASL as a virus-induced necroptosis promoter that scaffolds the RIPK3–ZBP1 non-canonical necrosome via liquid-like phase condensation. This liquid-like platform of OASL recruits RIPK3 and ZBP1 via protein–protein interactions to provide spatial segregation for RIPK3 nucleation. This process facilitates the amyloid-like fibril formation and activation of RIPK3 and thereby MLKL phosphorylation for necroptosis. Mice deficient in Oasl1 exhibit severely impaired necroptosis and attenuated inflammation after viral infection, resulting in uncontrolled viral dissemination and lethality. Our study demonstrates an interferon-induced innate response whereby OASL scaffolds RIPK3–ZBP1 assembly via its phase-separated liquid droplets to facilitate necroptosis-mediated antiviral immunity.
Solid-phase capture and profiling of open chromatin by spatial ATAC
Authors: Llorens-Bobadilla Enric , Zamboni Margherita , Marklund Maja , Bhalla Nayanika , Chen Xinsong , Hartman Johan , Frisén Jonas , Ståhl Patrik L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCurrent methods for epigenomic profiling are limited in their ability to obtain genome-wide information with spatial resolution. We introduce spatial ATAC, a method that integrates transposase-accessible chromatin profiling in tissue sections with barcoded solid-phase capture to perform spatially resolved epigenomics. We show that spatial ATAC enables the discovery of the regulatory programs underlying spatial gene expression during mouse organogenesis, lineage differentiation and in human pathology.
Human TH17 cells engage gasdermin E pores to release IL-1α on NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Chao Ying-Yin , Puhach Alisa , Frieser David , Arunkumar Mahima , Lehner Laurens , Seeholzer Thomas , Garcia-Lopez Albert , van der Wal Marlot , Fibi-Smetana Silvia , Dietschmann Axel , Sommermann Thomas , Ćiković Tamara , Taher Leila , Gresnigt Mark S. , Vastert Sebastiaan J. , van Wijk Femke , Panagiotou Gianni , Krappmann Daniel , Groß Olaf , Zielinski Christina E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt has been shown that innate immune responses can adopt adaptive properties such as memory. Whether T cells utilize innate immune signaling pathways to diversify their repertoire of effector functions is unknown. Gasdermin E (GSDME) is a membrane pore-forming molecule that has been shown to execute pyroptotic cell death and thus to serve as a potential cancer checkpoint. In the present study, we show that human T cells express GSDME and, surprisingly, that this expression is associated with durable viability and repurposed for the release of the alarmin interleukin (IL)-1α. This property was restricted to a subset of human helper type 17 T cells with specificity for Candida albicans and regulated by a T cell-intrinsic NLRP3 inflammasome, and its engagement of a proteolytic cascade of successive caspase-8, caspase-3 and GSDME cleavage after T cell receptor stimulation and calcium-licensed calpain maturation of the pro-IL-1α form. Our results indicate that GSDME pore formation in T cells is a mechanism of unconventional cytokine release. This finding diversifies our understanding of the functional repertoire and mechanistic equipment of T cells and has implications for antifungal immunity.
A benchmark dataset for binary segmentation and quantification of dust emissions from unsealed roads
Authors: De Silva Asanka , Ranasinghe Rajitha , Sounthararajah Arooran , Haghighi Hamed , Kodikara Jayantha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe generation of reference data for machine learning models is challenging for dust emissions due to perpetually dynamic environmental conditions. We generated a new vision dataset with the goal of advancing semantic segmentation to identify and quantify vehicle-induced dust clouds from images. We conducted field experiments on 10 unsealed road segments with different types of road surface materials in varying climatic conditions to capture vehicle-induced road dust. A direct single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera was used to capture the dust clouds generated due to a utility vehicle travelling at different speeds. A research-grade dust monitor was used to measure the dust emissions due to traffic. A total of ~210,000 images were photographed and refined to obtain ~7,000 images. These images were manually annotated to generate masks for dust segmentation. The baseline performance of a truncated sample of ~900 images from the dataset is evaluated for U-Net architecture.
Genome-wide identification, characterization and gene expression of BES1 transcription factor family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Li Jiajia , Wang Lei , Leng Feng , Ma Chao , Zhang Caixi , Wang Shiping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBES1, as the most important transcription factor responsible for brassinolide (BR) signaling, has been confirmed to play a significant role in regulating plant growth and the improvement of stress resistance. The transcriptional regulatory mechanism of BES1 has been well elucidated in several plants, such asArabidopsis thaliana(A. thaliana),Triticum aestivumL. (T. aestivum), andOryza sativaL. (O. sativa). Nevertheless, the genome-wide analysis of the BES1 family inVitis viniferaL. (V. vinifera). has not been comprehensively carried out. Thus, we have conducted a detailed analysis and identification of the BES1 transcription factors family inV. vinifera; a total of eight VvBES1 genes was predicted, and the phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, andCis-acting element in their promoters were also analyzed. BES1 genes have been divided into three groups (I, II and III) based on phylogenetic relationship analysis, and most of VvBES1 genes were in group III. Also, we found that VvBES1 genes was located at seven of the total nineteen chromosomes, whereas VvBES1-2 (Vitvi04g01234) and VvBES1-5 (Vitvi18g00924) had a collinearity relationship, and their three copies are well preserved. In addition, the intron–exon model of VvBES1 genes were mostly conserved, and there existed severalCis-acting elements related to stress resistance responsive and phytohormones responsive in BES1s genes promoter. Moreover, the BES1 expressions were different in differentV. viniferaorgans, and BES1 expressions were different in differentV. viniferavarieties under saline-alkali stress and heat stress, the expression of VvBES1 also changed with the prolongation of saline-alkali stress treatment time. The above findings could not only lay a primary foundation for the further validation of VvBES1 function, but could also provide a reference for molecular breeding inV. vinifera.
Characterisation and sequencing of the novel phage Abp95, which is effective against multi-genotypes of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Huang Li , Huang Siyi , Jiang Lingli , Tan Jingjie , Yan Xueping , Gou Chunmei , Chen Xinchong , Xiang Lijuan , Wang Dali , Huang Guangtao , Zhang Yixin , Deng Chengliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii has become one of the most challenging conditional pathogens in health facilities. It causes various infectious diseases in humans, such as wound or urinary tract infections and pneumonia. Phage therapy has been used as an alternative strategy for antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii infections and has been approved by several governments. Previously, we have reported two potential phage therapy candidates, Abp1 and Abp9, both of which are narrow-host-range phages. In the present study, we screened and isolated 22 A. baumannii bacteriophages from hospital sewage water and determined that Abp95 has a wide host range (29%; 58/200). The biological and genomic characteristics and anti-infection potential of Abp95 were also investigated. Abp95 belongs to the Myoviridae family, with a G+C content of 37.85% and a genome size of 43,176 bp. Its genome encodes 77 putative genes, none of which are virulence, lysogeny, or antibiotic resistance genes. Abp95 was found to accelerate wound healing in a diabetic mouse wound infection model by clearing local infections of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. In conclusion, the lytic phage Abp95, which has a wide host range, demonstrates potential as a candidate for phage therapy against multiple sequence types of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii.