bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between vasomotor symptom frequency and weight gain in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Gibson Carolyn J. , Shiozawa Aki , Epstein Andrew J. , Han Wei , Mancuso Shayna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The menopause transition is associated with weight gain in women. We examined whether changes in vasomotor symptom (VMS) frequency precede weight changes.

Methods
This longitudinal retrospective analysis included data from the multisite, multiethnic Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Women in premenopause or perimenopause aged 42 to 52 years at baseline self-reported VMS frequency (hot flashes/night sweats) and sleep problems at up to 10 annual visits. Menopause status, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference were compared across visits. The primary objective was to measure the association between VMS frequency and weight gain using a lagged approach with first-difference regression models. Secondary objectives were to statistically quantify mediation by sleep problems and moderation by menopause status and explore the association between cumulative, 10-year VMS exposure and long-term weight gain.

Results
The primary analysis sample included 2,361 participants (12,030 visits; 1995-2008). Increased VMS frequency across visits was associated with subsequently increased weight (0.24 kg), body mass index (0.08 kg/m2), and waist circumference (0.20 cm). Cumulative exposure to a high frequency of VMS (≥6 d/2 wk) over 10 consecutive annual visits was associated with increases in weight measures, including a 3.0-cm increase in waist circumference. Contemporaneous sleep problems mediated no more than 27% of waist circumference increases. Menopause status was not a consistent moderator.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that increases in VMS, onset of a high frequency of VMS, and persistent VMS symptoms over time may precede weight gain in women.
Blood and Hand Surface Lead in Veterinary Workers Using Lead Shielding During Diagnostic Radiography
Authors: Mayer Monique , Feng Tongchen , Sukut Sally , Wiebe Sheldon , Parker Sarah , Blakley Barry , Koehncke Niels 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
The objectives are to compare lead blood concentrations in veterinary workers using lead shielding with concentrations in a control population, to measure hand surface lead before and after use of shielding, and to compare hand surface lead with and without the use of disposable gloves worn under hand shielding.

Methods
Blood and hand wipe samples were analyzed for lead using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results
There was no difference in blood lead between exposed and control groups. After lead glove use, 69% (18/26) of hand surface lead samples from workers not using disposable gloves were greater than 500 μg, 42% (11/26) were greater than 1000 μg, and 12% (3/26) were greater than 2000 μg.

Conclusions
If lead shielding use is unavoidable, disposable gloves should be worn, and skin should be decontaminated after use.
Feasibility of a Video Otoscope for Diagnosis of Otologic Pathology in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Nystrom Jennifer , Lo Charmaine B. , Helwig Sara , Wurtz Morgan , Scherzer Daniel J. , Moberly Aaron C. , Iyer Maya S. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Performing pediatric otoscopy can be difficult secondary to patient compliance, which potentiates misdiagnosis and inaccurate treatment of acute otitis media. This study used a convenience sample to assess the feasibility of using a video otoscope for the examination of tympanic membranes in children presenting to a pediatric emergency department.

Methods
We obtained otoscopic videos using the JEDMED Horus + HD Video Otoscope. Participants were randomized to video or standard otoscopy, and a physician completed their bilateral ear examinations. In the video group, physicians reviewed otoscope videos with the patient's caregiver. The caregiver and physician completed separate surveys using a 5-point Likert Scale regarding perceptions of the otoscopic examination. A second physician reviewed each otoscopic video.

Results
We enrolled 213 participants in 2 groups (standard otoscopy, n = 94; video otoscopy, n = 119). We used Wilcoxon rank sum, Fisher exact test, and descriptive statistics to compare results across groups. For physicians, there were no statistically significant differences between groups with ease of device use, quality of otoscopic view, or diagnosis. There was moderate agreement between physician video otoscopic view satisfaction and slight agreement between physician video otologic diagnosis. Estimates of length of time to complete the ear examinations were longer more often for the video otoscope compared with standard for both caregivers (OR, 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–3.70; P = 0.02) and physicians (OR, 3.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.67–5.78; P < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between video and standard otoscopy with regard to caregiver perception of comfort, cooperation, satisfaction, or diagnosis understanding.

Conclusions
Caregivers perceive that video otoscopy and standard otoscopy are comparable in comfort, cooperation, examination satisfaction, and diagnosis understanding. Physicians made a wider range of more subtle diagnoses with the video otoscope. However, examination length of time may limit the JEDMED Horus + HD Video Otoscope's feasibility in a busy pediatric emergency department.
Selective Application of Blood Glucose Monitoring After Free Flap Surgery
Authors: Kim Ju Hee , Lee Kyeong-Tae 
Published: June 2023

Background
For free-flap monitoring, physical examination still serves as the criterion standard. Blood glucose measurement (BGM) has been suggested to be useful in identifying flap perfusion status. Nonetheless, its routine use may not be cost-effective in real-world settings. This study aimed to share the experiences of using BGM for flap monitoring and suggest its potential indications.

Methods
Of cases of free flap reconstruction conducted between March 2017 and May 2021, those using BGM for flap monitoring were reviewed. Blood glucose measurement was selectively conducted for the following specific situations, which included encountering a flap showing a reddish discoloration and/or rapid capillary refilling time in the immediate postoperative period, monitoring discolored flaps after conducting a salvage operation, and conducting bloodletting therapy for salvaging congestive flaps. The clinical course and outcomes were evaluated.

Results
Of a total of 203 cases, 35 used BGM for flap monitoring in addition to clinical examination. In 29 cases, BGM was performed to distinguish early hyperemia from true venous insufficiency. All flaps showed BGM greater than 60 mg/dL with a mean value of 115.42, suggesting early hyperemia, and had uneventful postoperative courses. In 3 cases with already discolored flaps after a salvage operation, BGM was conducted 4 times serially every 3 hours and showed a mean value of 81.6 mg/dL with increasing trends. The flaps recovered completely. In the other 3 cases requiring bloodletting therapy, BGM was conducted an average of 11 times at a median interval of 7 hours. The bloodletting therapy was terminated with reference to the value of BGM when it showed greater than 60 mg/dL while the therapy was on hold. All flaps were successfully salvaged except one showing partial necrosis.

Conclusions
Blood glucose measurement may be helpful in assessing flap perfusion and decision making in certain clinical situations and may be useful as an ancillary tool for flap monitoring. Selective application of BGM may contribute to achieving optimal outcomes.
Effects of Different Levels of Surgical Separation on Neck Bulge and Swallowing Disorders during Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
Authors: Huo Jinlong , Guo Youming , Chen Chen , Zhao Lijin , Wen Kunming 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Our study aims to compare the effects of different levels of access on postoperative neck bulge and swallowing disorder and provide a better level for endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Materials and Methods:
The patients were selected retrospectively between March 2021 to September 2021 by the Department of Thyroid Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University. They were divided into two groups according to the level of the free flap during surgery: group A (the superficial cervical fascial level) and group B (the superficial deep cervical fascial level). Age, sex, body mass index, diameter of the primary lesion, postoperative neck bulge, and swallowing disorders and other complications were compared between the two groups.

Results:
A total of 40 patients who underwent endoscopic unilateral lobectomy plus central region lymph node dissection were enrolled in our study. Twenty in group A and 20 in group B. The age, gender, body mass index, diameter, and the proportion of benign and malignant primary lesions were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05), and there was also no difference in thyroid function between the two groups (P>0.05). No significant differences were observed in terms of bleeding and operation time during the operation (P>0.05). There were also no statistical differences in terms of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or hypoparathyroidism (P>0.05). However, patients in group B were superior to those in group A in the occurrence of neck bulge and swallowing disorders (P<0.05). These symptoms were most evident one month after surgery. Six months after the operation, only 4 patients in group B still complained of neck “swelling” and uncomfortable straining which did not resolve until 1 year after the operation. No statistical significance between long-term results and complication rates could be observed in either group.

Conclusion:
In endoscopic thyroidectomy, the superficial cervical fascial level may be a better option for reducing postoperative neck bulge and swallowing disorders, which needs further validation by conducting a large sample study.
Learning Curve of Multiport Robotic Cholecystectomy: A Cumulative Sum Analysis
Authors: Kudsi Omar Yusef , Kaoukabani Georges , Friedman Alexander , Bou-Ayash Naseem , Bahadir Jenna , Crawford Allison S. , Gokcal Fahri 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To establish the learning curve of multiport robotic cholecystectomy (MRC).

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing MRC was performed. A cumulative sum analysis helped define the learning curve through the evaluation of skin-to-skin (STS) time and postoperative complications rate. Direct comparison of variables was conducted between the phases.

Results:
Two hundred forty-five MRC cases were included. Average STS and console times were 50.6 and 29.9 minutes, respectively. Cumulative sum analysis established 3 phases with inflection points at cases 84th and 134th. A significant decrease in STS time was observed between the phases. Middle and late phases encompassed patients with higher comorbidities. Two conversions to open were recorded in the early phase. Postoperative complication rates were comparable among the early (2.5%), middle (6.8%), and late (5.6%) phases (P = 0.482).

Conclusion:
A steady decrease in STS time was observed across the 3 different phases established at the 84th and 134th patients.
Circulating lipid profiles are associated with cross-sectional and longitudinal changes of central biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kim Jun Pyo , Nho Kwangsik , Wang Tingting , Huynh Kevin , Arnold Matthias , Risacher Shannon L. , Bice Paula J. , Han Xianlin , Kristal Bruce S. , Blach Colette , Baillie Rebecca , Kastenmüller Gabi , Meikle Peter J. , Saykin Andrew J. , Kaddurah-Daouk Rima ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   Alzheimer’s Disease Metabolomics Consortium
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTInvestigating the association of lipidome profiles with central Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers, including amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (A/T/N), can provide a holistic view between the lipidome and AD. We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal association analysis of serum lipidome profiles with AD biomarkers in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort (N=1,395). We identified lipid species, classes, and network modules that were significantly associated with cross-sectional and longitudinal changes of A/T/N biomarkers for AD. Notably, we identified the lysoalkylphosphatidylcholine (LPC(O)) as associated with “A/N” biomarkers at baseline at lipid species, class, and module levels. Also, GM3ganglioside showed significant association with baseline levels and longitudinal changes of the “N” biomarkers at species and class levels. Our study of circulating lipids and central AD biomarkers enabled identification of lipids that play potential roles in the cascade of AD pathogenesis. Our results suggest dysregulation of lipid metabolic pathways as precursors to AD development and progression.
Hyperacute Prediction of Targeted Temperature Management Outcome After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Hsu Jocelyn , Kim Han , Gong Kirby , Azad Tej D. , Stevens Robert D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionTargeted temperature management (TTM) has been associated with greater likelihood of neurological recovery among comatose survivors of cardiac arrest. However, the efficacy of TTM is not consistently observed, possibly due to heterogeneity of therapeutic response. The aim of this study is to determine if models leveraging multi-modal data available in the first 12 hours after ICU admission (hyperacute phase) can predict short-term outcome after TTM.MethodsAdult patients receiving TTM after cardiac arrest were selected from a multicenter ICU database. Predictive features were extracted from clinical, physiologic, and laboratory data available in the hyperacute phase. Primary endpoints were survival and favorable neurological outcome, determined as the ability to follow commands (motor Glasgow Coma Scale [mGCS] of 6) upon discharge. Three machine learning (ML) algorithms were trained: generalized linear models (GLM), random forest (RF), and gradient boosting (XG). Models with optimal features from forward selection were 10-fold cross-validated and resampled 10 times.ResultsData were available on 310 cardiac arrest patients who received TTM, of whom 183 survived and 123 had favorable neurological outcome. The GLM performed best, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.86 ± 0.04, sensitivity 0.75 ± 0.09, and specificity 0.77 ± 0.07 for the prediction of survival and an AUROC of 0.85 ± 0.03, sensitivity 0.71 ± 0.10, and specificity 0.80 ± 0.12 for the prediction of favorable neurological outcome. Features most predictive of both endpoints included lower serum chloride concentration, higher serum pH, and greater neutrophil counts.ConclusionIn patients receiving TTM after cardiac arrest, short-term outcomes can be accurately discriminated using ML applied to data routinely collected in the first 12 hours after ICU admission. With validation, hyperacute prediction could enable personalized approach to clinical decision-making in the post-cardiac arrest setting.
TG468: A Text Graph Convolutional Network for Predicting Clinical Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Wang Kun , Shi Jiangshan , Tong Xiaochu , Qu Ning , Kong Xiangtai , Ni Shengkun , Xing Jing , Li Xutong , Zheng Mingyue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy has achieved significant success in tumor treatment. However, due to disease heterogeneity, only a fraction of patients respond well to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. To address this issue, we developed a Text Graph Convolutional Network (Text GCN) model called TG468 for clinical response prediction, which uses the patient’s whole exome sequencing (WES) data across different cohorts to capture the molecular profile and heterogeneity of tumors. TG468 can effectively distinguish survival time for patients who received ICI therapy and outperforms single gene biomarkers and TMB, indicating its strong predictive ability for the clinical response of ICI therapy. Moreover, the prediction results obtained from TG468 allow for the identification of immune status differences among specific patient types in the TCGA dataset. This rationalizes the model prediction results. Overall, TG468 could be a useful tool for predicting clinical outcomes and the prognosis of patients treated with immunotherapy. This could further promote the application of ICI therapy in the clinic.
iEEG-recon: A Fast and Scalable Pipeline for Accurate Reconstruction of Intracranial Electrodes and Implantable Devices
Authors: Lucas Alfredo , Scheid Brittany H. , Pattnaik Akash R. , Gallagher Ryan , Mojena Marissa , Tranquille Ashley , Prager Brian , Gleichgerrcht Ezequiel , Gong Ruxue , Litt Brian , Davis Kathryn A. , Das Sandhitsu , Stein Joel M. , Sinha Nishant 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundCollaboration between epilepsy centers is essential to integrate multimodal data for epilepsy research. Scalable tools for rapid and reproducible data analysis facilitate multicenter data integration and harmonization. Clinicians use intracranial EEG (iEEG) in conjunction with non-invasive brain imaging to identify epileptic networks and target therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy cases. Our goal was to promote ongoing and future collaboration by automating the process of “electrode reconstruction,” which involves the labeling, registration, and assignment of iEEG electrode coordinates on neuroimaging. These tasks are still performed manually in many epilepsy centers. We developed a standalone, modular pipeline that performs electrode reconstruction. We demonstrate our tool’s compatibility with clinical and research workflows and its scalability on cloud platforms.MethodsWe createdIEEG-recon, a scalable electrode reconstruction pipeline for semi-automatic iEEG annotation, rapid image registration, and electrode assignment on brain MRIs. Its modular architecture includes three modules: a clinical module for electrode labeling and localization, and a research module for automated data processing and electrode contact assignment. To ensure accessibility for users with limited programming and imaging expertise, we packaged iEEG-recon in a containerized format that allows integration into clinical workflows. We propose a cloud-based implementation of iEEG-recon, and test our pipeline on data from 132 patients at two epilepsy centers using retrospective and prospective cohorts.ResultsWe used iEEG-recon to accurately reconstruct electrodes in both electrocorticography (ECoG) and stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) cases with a 10 minute running time per case, and ∼20 min for semi-automatic electrode labeling. iEEG-recon generates quality assurance reports and visualizations to support epilepsy surgery discussions. Reconstruction outputs from the clinical module were radiologically validated through pre- and post-implant T1-MRI visual inspections. Our use of ANTsPyNet deep learning approach for brain segmentation and electrode classification was consistent with the widely used Freesurfer segmentation.DiscussioniEEG-recon is a valuable tool for automating reconstruction of iEEG electrodes and implantable devices on brain MRI, promoting efficient data analysis, and integration into clinical workflows. The tool’s accuracy, speed, and compatibility with cloud platforms make it a useful resource for epilepsy centers worldwide. Comprehensive documentation is available athttps://ieeg-recon.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Graphical Abstract
TKSM: Highly modular, user-customizable, and scalable transcriptomic sequencing long-read simulator
Authors: Karaoglanoglu Fatih , Orabi Baraa , Flannigan Ryan , Chauve Cedric , Hach Faraz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMotivationTranscriptomic long-read (LR) sequencing is an increasingly cost-effective technology for probing various RNA features. Numerous tools have been developed to tackle various transcriptomic sequencing tasks (e.g. isoform and gene fusion detection). However, the lack of abundant gold standard datasets hinders the benchmarking of such tools. Therefore, simulation of LR sequencing is an important and practical alternative to enable the assessment of these tools. While the existing LR simulators aim to imitate the sequencing machine noise and to target specific library protocols, they lack some important library preparation steps (e.g. PCR) and are difficult to modify to new and changing library preparation techniques (e.g. single-cell LRs).ResultsWe present TKSM, a modular and scalable LR simulator. TKSM is designed so that each RNA modification step is targeted explicitly by a software module. This allows the user to assemble a simulation pipeline of any combination of TKSM modules to emulate the sequencing design the user is targeting. Additionally, the input/output of all the core modules of TKSM follow the same simple format (Molecule Description Format) allowing the user to easily extend TKSM with new modules targeting new library preparation steps.AvailabilityTKSM is available as an open source software athttps://github.com/vpc-ccg/tksm.
The orientation of choroidal macrophage polarization significantly influences the development of myopia in murine models
Authors: Hou Jing , Ikeda Shin-ichi , Mori Kiwako , Jeong Heonuk , Torii Hidemasa , Negishi Kazuno , Tsubota Kazuo , Kurihara Toshihide 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMyopia is a primary contributor to visual impairment and has emerged as a global public health concern. Evidence indicates that one of the main structural features of myopia is the corresponding decrease in choroidal thickness, and choroidal macrophages play an important role in maintaining the choroidal thickness. Nevertheless, the effect of choroidal macrophages on myopia remains unclear. Here, we discovered that the continuous intraperitoneal injection of clodronate liposomes depleted choroidal macrophages and leads to myopia, which confirmed that the presence of choroidal macrophages plays an important role in myopia development. Subsequently, based on the phenotypic characteristics of macrophages, experiments were designed to study the effects of different polarization directions of macrophages on myopia development. We found that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) injection can induce the polarization of choroidal M1 macrophages, thinning the choroidal thickness and resulting in myopia. Conversely, IL-4 or IL-13 injection causes choroidal M2 macrophage polarization, thickens the choroid, and suppresses the progression of myopia. Additionally, we demonstrated that the opposite effects of M1 and M2 macrophages on myopia development may be related to their impacts on choroidal thickness, inflammation, and oxidative stress response. These findings establish that choroidal macrophages are critically important in the development of myopia and provide new strategies for the development of myopic therapies.
takeoutgene expression is associated with temporal kin recognition
Authors: Potticary Ahva L. , McKinney Elizabeth C. , Moore Patricia J. , Moore Allen J. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTA key component of parental care is avoiding killing and eating your own offspring. Many organisms commit infanticide but switch to parental care at the time when their own offspring would be expected, known as temporal kin recognition. It is unclear how such indirect kin recognition is so common across taxa. One possibility is that temporal kin recognition can be achieved by altering a simple mechanism, such as co-opting the regulation of timing and feeding in other contexts. Here we determine whethertakeout, a gene implicated in coordinating feeding, influences temporal kin recognition in the roundneck sexton beetle,Nicrophorus orbicollis. We find thattakeoutexpression is not associated with non-parental feeding changes resulting from hunger, or in the general switch to the full parental care repertoire. However, beetles that accepted and provided care to their offspring had a highertakeoutexpression than beetles that committed infanticide. Together, these data support the idea that the evolution of temporal kin recognition may be enabled by co-option of mechanisms that integrate feeding behaviour in other contexts.