bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic interventions on land neutrality in a critically vulnerable estuarine island ecosystem: a case of Munro Island (India)
Authors: Rafeeque M. K. , Anoop T. R. , Sreeraj M. K. , Prasad R. , Sheela Nair L. , Krishnakumar A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAll landscapes, including estuarine islands, normally try to restore their geomorphic isostasy in all anthropogenic interventions on land dynamics. Munroe Island has been experiencing drastic environmental degradation, such as land subsidence, severe tidal/monsoon flooding, subsidence of build-ups and a drastic decay in agricultural productivity. This paper examines the role of anthropo-geomorphic interventions causing for the land degradation in Munroe Island through a multidisciplinary approach. Multidated, multiresolution satellite products and published maps, spanning a period of about six decades from 1960 to 2021, were used to understand the different geomorphic and geographical processes in the study area. Evaluation of the temporal bathymetric datasets, salinity measurements of the river and estuary, borehole data logs of the area and electrical resistivity surveys of the island were analyzed to find out the causative factors for the disturbances in the land neutrality, along with the tidal hydrodynamic changes in the region. The study shows about 14% of the total land area was vanished during the study period, and more than 25% of the area is under stress, leading to further land degradation. More than 500 households are forced to vacate their residence due to land subsidence/flooding. Lack of required freshwater and sediment supply from the Kallada river after the construction of the Thenmala reservoir in the Kallada river as well as the uncontrolled sand mining prevailed are the key factors for the environmental degradation of Munroe Island. The paper describes the role and colinkages of human-induced hydrogeomorphic interventions on a geomorphic system, in charge of the environmental degradation and land subsidence crisis of an estuarine island ecosystem and discusses the concerns related to the management strategies of such region.
Galectin-3 as an important prognostic marker for COVID-19 severity
Authors: Gajovic Nevena , Markovic Sofija Sekulic , Jurisevic Milena , Jovanovic Marina , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Mijailovic Zeljko , Jovanovic Marina , Jovanovic Ivan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGalectin-3 (Gal-3), multifunctional protein plays important roles in inflammatory response, infection and fibrosis. The goal of study was to determine the association of Gal-3, immune response, clinical, biochemical, and radiographic findings with COVID-19 severity. Study included 280 COVID-19 patients classified according to disease severity into mild, moderate, severe and critical group. Cytokines, clinical, biochemical, radiographic data and peripheral blood immune cell make up were analyzed. Patients in critical group had significantly higher serum level of Gal-3, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12, IL-10 compared to the patients in less severe stages of disease. Strong positive correlation was detected between Gal-3 and IL-1β, moderate positive correlation between Gal-3, TNF-α and IL-12, moderate negative correlation between Gal-3, IL-10/IL-1β and IL-10/TNF-α. Moderate positive correlation noted between Gal-3 and urea, D dimer, CXR findings. Strong negative correlation detected between Gal-3 and p02, Sa02, and moderate negative correlation between Gal-3, lymphocyte and monocyte percentage. In the peripheral blood of patients with more severe stages of COVID-19 we detected significantly increased percentages of CD56− CD3+TNF-α+T cells and CD56− CD3+Gal-3+T cells and increased expression of CCR5 in PBMCs. Our results predict Gal-3 as an important marker for critical stage of COVID-19. Higher expression of Gal-3, TNF-α and CCR5 on T cells implicate on promoting inflammation and more severe form of disease.
Enhanced magmatism played a dominant role in triggering the Miocene Climatic Optimum
Authors: Goto Kosuke T. , Tejada Maria Luisa G. , Tajika Eiichi , Suzuki Katsuhiko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Miocene Climatic Optimum represents one of the major warming events during the Cenozoic and was accompanied by a positive stable carbon isotope excursion. Here, we report seawater osmium isotope data from Pacific Ocean sediments to determine if carbon dioxide emissions from coeval magmatism could have been the trigger for this event. Our data reveal a negative osmium isotope excursion from 0.80 to 0.72 between about 17 and 15.8 million years ago that can be explained by enhanced magmatism during this period. Simple mass balance calculations suggest an increase of 22‒45% in non-radiogenic osmium input from the mantle into the ocean during this period. Using osmium isotopic composition as a constraint for global carbon cycle modelling, we find that such an increase in magmatism is capable of elevating atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations by 65‒140 ppmv and of causing a positive excursion in seawater stable carbon isotopes of 0.4‒0.7‰, consistent with geochemical observations. We conclude that it is conceivable that the enhanced magmatism played a dominant role in causing the Miocene Climatic Optimum.
Catalytic length-controlled oligomerization with synthetic programmable templates
Authors: Lewandowski Bartosz M. , Schmid Dario , Borrmann Rüdiger , Zetschok Dominik , Schnurr Martin , Wennemers Helma 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNature uses templated length-controlled oligomerization to process genetic information. Templates that are DNA and RNA based and fully synthetic have also been developed for preparing unnatural oligomers. However, these reactions require stoichiometric amounts of the template for product formation. Here we report a catalytic macrocyclic template that promotes the oligomerization of a small-molecule substrate with a remarkable degree of length control. The design of the template is based on rigid oligoproline moieties decorated with catalytic sites in a defined spatial arrangement. The dimension of the macrocycle and the number of catalytic moieties determine the number of monomers that are incorporated into the growing oligomer, thus allowing access to specific products with lengths preprogrammed by the template.
The Classroom Profile for Integrated Communication Supports: A Framework to Support Augmentative and Alternative Communication Coaching Services in the School Setting
Authors: Foster Susan Trimbur , Brown Megan Thurber , Michels Carol M. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this clinical focus article is to describe how a shift away from a reactive, practitioner-based model of Assistive Technology (AT) supports to a proactive, team-based coaching model improved outcomes for students with complex communication needs (CCNs). A framework known as the Classroom Profile of Integrated Communication Supports (C-PICS) can be used to guide speech-language pathologists and AT practitioners using a proactive approach to support the implementation of universal classroom strategies for communication.

Method:
The C-PICS framework was used in two classroom environments to structure AT coaching and support. A combination of observation and interview with staff was used to complete the C-PICS. The information gathered was used to guide AT coaching activities.

Results:
Preliminary data indicate that the C-PICS support a coaching implementation model for supporting students with CCN. When compared with the initial administration of the tool, two classrooms demonstrated increased availability and use of communication supports, increased student performance, and increased staff engagement across educational environments. In addition, the C-PICS provided a consistent means of data collection to measure these areas of improvement.

Conclusions:
Additional uses of the C-PICS are discussed. The authors provide directions for future implementation of the C-PICS as a tool to support inclusive service delivery.
Using Active Learning Strategies to Strengthen Cultural and Linguistic Diversity Training in Communication Sciences and Disorders Programs
Authors: O'Fallon Maura , Garcia Felicidad 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
Training in cultural competence is an accreditation requirement for graduate programs in communication sciences and disorders (CSD; Council on Academic Accreditation in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, 2020). Cultural and linguistic diversity (CLD) instruction within CSD programs and current instructional models may not provide students with effective training in this area (Hammond et al., 2009; Higby et al., 2021; Stockman et al., 2008). In this tutorial, we present active learning as an instructional approach that may provide students with stronger training in the assessment and treatment of individuals with unfamiliar cultural and linguistic backgrounds.

Conclusions:

Active learning emphasizes the creation of a supportive classroom environment, teaching skills rather than content, and fostering metacognition in students (Bransford et al., 2000; Gooblar, 2019). We propose a three-part pedagogical model for using active learning strategies to improve clinical training in assessment and treatment of clients with CLD backgrounds. This pedagogical model encourages instructors to
set the scene
for learning,
present a problem to solve,
and build in
reflection and generalization.
Active learning approaches, as described in the model, are ideal for teaching clinical problem solving across populations while reflecting on one's lived experience and positionality. Sample materials for readers to create their own lesson plans using the model are provided and reviewed.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21944264
Semi-automatic meteoroid fragmentation modeling using genetic algorithms
Authors: Henych Tomáš , Borovička Jiří , Spurný Pavel 
Published: January 2023

Context. Meteoroids are pieces of asteroids and comets. They serve as unique probes to the physical and chemical properties of their parent bodies. We can derive some of these properties when meteoroids collide with the atmosphere of Earth and become a meteor or a bolide. Even more information can be obtained when meteoroids are mechanically strong and slow enough to drop meteorites.
Aims. Through physical modeling of bright meteors, we describe their fragmentation in the atmosphere. We also derive their mechanical strength and the mass distribution of the fragments, some of which may hit the ground as meteorites.
Methods. We developed a semi-automatic program for meteoroid fragmentation modeling using parallel genetic algorithms. This allowed us to determine the most probable fragmentation cascade of the meteoroid, and also to specify its initial mass and velocity. These parameters can be used in turn to derive the heliocentric orbit of the meteoroid and to place constraints on its likely age as a separate object.
Results. The program offers plausible solutions for the majority of fireballs we tested, and the quality of the solutions is comparable to that of manual solutions. The two solutions are not the same in detail, but the derived quantities, such as the fragment masses of the larger fragments and the proxy for their mechanical strength, are very similar. With this method, we would like to describe the mechanical properties and structure of both meteoroids belonging to major meteor showers and those that cause exceptional fireballs.
Real-time multiplex PCR for human echinococcosis and differential diagnosis
Authors: Knapp Jenny , Lallemand Séverine , Monnien Franck , Felix Sophie , Courquet Sandra , Umhang Gérald , Millon Laurence 
Published: January 2023

Molecular identification of rare human infectious pathogens appears to be one of the most relevant current methods for rapid diagnosis and management of patients. PCR techniques, in particular real-time quantitative PCR, are best suited for the detection of DNA from the pathogens, even at low concentrations. Echinococcosis infections are due to helminths of the Echinococcus genus, with closely related species involved in parasitic lesions affecting animals and, accidentally, humans. We developed a multiplex qPCR (MLX qPCR) assay allowing for the detection of four Echinococcus species involved in Europe in alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE) (Echinococcus multilocularis, E. granulosus sensu stricto, E. ortleppi, and E. canadensis), based on short mitochondrial targets. A collection of 81 fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) of AE and CE lesions was assembled. The qPCR assays were performed in triplex for Echinococcus spp. detection, associated with a qPCR inhibitor control. A duplex qPCR was also designed to enable diagnosis of two other dead-end helminthiases (cysticercosis (Taenia solium), and toxocariasis (Toxocara cati and T. canis)). The sensitivity of the qPCR was assessed and ranged from 1 to 5 × 10−4 ng/μL (seven PCR assays positive), corresponding to 37–42 cycles for quantifiable DNA. The specificity was 100% for all the targets. This multiplex qPCR, adapted to low amounts of DNA can be implemented in the laboratory for the rapid molecular diagnosis of Echinococcosis species.
The effect of antithrombotic treatment on the fecal immunochemical test for colorectal cancer screening: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Rasmussen Simon Ladefoged , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Gotschalck Kåre Andersson , Thorlacius-Ussing Ole 
Published: January 2023

Background Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) has been widely adopted. The use of antithrombotic treatment is increasing in the Western world. This study aimed to assess the effects of antithrombotic treatment on the FIT-based Danish national screening program for CRC.
Methods This was a cross-sectional study of all individuals returning a FIT from 2014 until 2016. The effect of antithrombotic treatment on FIT positivity and the positive predictive value (PPV) were assessed using proportions and multivariable Poisson regression.
Results Of 884 036 invited individuals, we identified 551 570 participants. A positive FIT was observed in 9052 of 77 007 individuals (11.8 %) receiving antithrombotic treatment compared with 28 387 of 474 587 individuals (6.0 %) receiving no treatment. The adjusted relative risk (RR) for a positive FIT was 1.59 (95 %CI 1.56–1.63) for any treatment. Nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were associated with the largest increase in FIT positivity (adjusted RR 2.40, 95 %CI 2.48–2.54). The proportion of CRC detected at colonoscopy was slightly lower among patients on antithrombotic treatment (6.0 %, 95 %CI 5.5 %–6.6 %) than among treatment-naïve patients (6.4 %, 95 %CI 6.1 %–6.7 %). The PPV for CRC or high risk adenomas was decreased nearly twofold in patients treated with NOAC (adjusted RR 0.58, 95 %CI 0.51–0.66]).
Conclusion Antithrombotic treatment was associated with a decreased PPV in FIT-based CRC screening.
Usefulness of a laser-cut covered metal stent with a 7F delivery sheath in endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage without fistula dilation
Authors: Takeshita Kotaro , Hijioka Susumu , Nagashio Yoshikuni , Maruki Yuta , Ohba Akihiro , Kawasaki Yuki , Hisada Yuya , Yoshinari Motohiro , Harai Shota , Kitamura Hidetoshi , Koga Takehiko , Maehara Kosuke , Murashima Yumi , Yamada Natsumi , Okada Mao , Takasaki Tetsuro , Agarie Daiki , Hara Hidenobu , Hagiwara Yuya , Okamoto Kohei , Yamashige Daiki , Kondo Shunsuke , Morizane Chigusa , Ueno Hideki , Saito Yutaka , Okusaka Takuji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and study aims Recently, the utility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided intervention without fistula dilation (EUS-IV WoD) has been reported to prevent adverse events. We clinically evaluated cases in which EUS-IV WoD was attempted using a novel self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS); this is a fully covered, laser-cut SEMS that has a tapered and stiff tip specifically designed for a 0.025-inch guidewire and a relatively thin, 7F delivery system.Patients and methods We retrospectively evaluated cases wherein EUS-IV WoD was attempted using the novel SEMS between March and December 2021.Results Treatment of 11 patients by EUS-IV WoD with the novel SEMS was attempted. The technical success rate for EUS-IV was 100 % and the clinical success rate was 100 %; the success rate for EUS-IV WoD was 72.8 %. Of these, the procedural success rate for EUS-IV WoD was 100 % in EUS-biliary drainage (BD) and 57.1 % in non-EUS-BD. Early adverse events were observed in 27.3 % of patients (3/11): mild abdominal pain in two patients and moderate bleeding in one patient. The abdominal pain cases were both cases of EUS-IV WoD failure and required fistula dilation.Conclusions The novel stent may be useful for EUS-IV WoD, especially in EUS-BD.
2,2-Disubstituted Indoxyls via Oxidative Dearomatization: Generalization to 2-Alkylindoles and Application to Alkaloid Synthesis
Authors: Smith Myles W. , Xu Fan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract2,2-Disubstituted indoxyls are commonly found within natural products and bioactive molecules. Among the numerous methods to access such motifs, the dearomative transformation of indoles represents an attractive approach. Despite much development, a potential gap exists in the oxidative union of readily accessible 2-substituted indoles with nucleophilic partners, where a general transformation accommodating 2-alkyl substitution and a broad range of nucleophiles is lacking. Herein, we describe the development of a user-friendly solution to this challenge and highlight its utility in the synthesis of complex alkaloids.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of 2,2-Disubstituted Indoxyls via Dearomatization of Indoles: Background3	Oxidative Dearomatization of 2-Alkylindoles to 2,2-Disubstituted Indoxyls: Development4	Selected Scope and Preliminary Investigations toward an Asymmetric Coupling5	Application to the Total Synthesis of Complex Alkaloids6	Conclusions
Selective Syntheses of Coumarin and Benzofuran Derivatives Using Phenols and α-Methoxy-β-ketoesters
Authors: Miyata Ryo , Shigeta Takashi , Egi Masahiro , Kumazawa Shigenori 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSelective syntheses of coumarin and benzofuran derivatives were achieved via HClO4-mediated intermolecular annulation using phenols and α-methoxy-β-ketoesters. Coumarins are formed under dehydrated conditions, whereas benzofurans are formed in the presence of water. In the synthetic process of benzofurans, α-methoxy-β-ketoesters are converted into α-methoxyacetophenones, and the methoxy group is an important element in the intermolecular annulation.
Metallic water: Transient state under ultrafast electronic excitation
Authors: Medvedev Nikita , Voronkov Roman , Volkov Alexander E. 
Published: January 2023

The modern means of controlled irradiation by femtosecond lasers or swift heavy ion beams can transiently produce such energy densities in samples that reach collective electronic excitation levels of the warm dense matter state, where the potential energy of interaction of the particles is comparable to their kinetic energies (temperatures of a few eV). Such massive electronic excitation severely alters the interatomic potentials, producing unusual nonequilibrium states of matter and different chemistry. We employ density functional theory and tight binding molecular dynamics formalisms to study the response of bulk water to ultrafast excitation of its electrons. After a certain threshold electronic temperature, the water becomes electronically conducting via the collapse of its bandgap. At high doses, it is accompanied by nonthermal acceleration of ions to a temperature of a few thousand Kelvins within sub-100 fs timescales. We identify the interplay of this nonthermal mechanism with the electron–ion coupling, enhancing the electron-to-ions energy transfer. Various chemically active fragments are formed from the disintegrating water molecules, depending on the deposited dose.
Integrating fluency and prosody into multidimensional analysis
Authors: Staples Shelley , Puga Karin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInvestigation of the characteristics of spoken learner language has increased in recent years but has been primarily limited to the investigation of one linguistic level (e.g., lexico-grammar), which gives a limited picture of learners’ overall linguistic competence (e.g.,Skarnitzl & Rumlová, 2019). In this study, we investigate lexico-grammar, fluency, and prosody in LINDSEI (German, Czech, and Spanish) alongside British and American English comparable corpora, using multidimensional analysis, a statistical procedure that identifies co-occurring linguistic features and leads to functional interpretation of the discourse. Results show significant differences between L1 and L2 groups on four of six dimensions and reveal novel patterns of co-occurrence. Dimension 1, for example, identifies correlates of informationally driven discourse on all three linguistic levels under investigation. These findings show the importance of including multiple linguistic levels in the analysis of learner discourse and have implications for a more holistic and functionally based approach to language instruction.
Rethinking data-driven point spread function modeling with a differentiable optical model
Authors: Liaudat Tobias , Starck Jean-Luc , Kilbinger Martin , Frugier Pierre-Antoine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In astronomy, upcoming space telescopes with wide-field optical instruments have a spatially varying point spread function (PSF). Specific scientific goals require a high-fidelity estimation of the PSF at target positions where no direct measurement of the PSF is provided. Even though observations of the PSF are available at some positions of the field of view (FOV), they are undersampled, noisy, and integrated into wavelength in the instrument’s passband. PSF modeling represents a challenging ill-posed problem, as it requires building a model from these observations that can infer a super-resolved PSF at any wavelength and position in the FOV. Current data-driven PSF models can tackle spatial variations and super-resolution. However, they are not capable of capturing PSF chromatic variations. Our model, coined WaveDiff, proposes a paradigm shift in the data-driven modeling of the point spread function field of telescopes. We change the data-driven modeling space from the pixels to the wavefront by adding a differentiable optical forward model into the modeling framework. This change allows the transfer of a great deal of complexity from the instrumental response into the forward model. The proposed model relies on efficient automatic differentiation technology and modern stochastic first-order optimization techniques recently developed by the thriving machine-learning community. Our framework paves the way to building powerful, physically motivated models that do not require special calibration data. This paper demonstrates the WaveDiff model in a simplified setting of a space telescope. The proposed framework represents a performance breakthrough with respect to the existing state-of-the-art data-driven approach. The pixel reconstruction errors decrease six-fold at observation resolution and 44-fold for a 3x super-resolution. The ellipticity errors are reduced at least 20 times, and the size error is reduced more than 250 times. By only using noisy broad-band in-focus observations, we successfully capture the PSF chromatic variations due to diffraction. WaveDiff source code and examples associated with this paper are available at this link

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