bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating a Halotolerant Degrader for Efficient Mineralization of p‐Nitrophenol‐Substituted Organophosphorus Pesticides in High‐Saline Wastewater
Authors: Liu Yujie , Xiong Weini , Jiang Yuting , Meng Yan , Zhao Wanwan , Yang Chao , Liu Ruihua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe bioaugmentation performance is severely reduced in the treatment of high‐saline pesticide wastewater because the growth and degradation activity of pesticide degraders are significantly inhibited by high salt concentrations. In this study, a heterologous biodegradation pathway comprising the seven genes mpd/pnpABCDEF responsible for the bioconversion of p‐nitrophenol (PNP)‐substituted organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) into β‐oxoadipate and the genes encoding Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were integrated into the genome of a salt‐tolerant chassis Halomonas cupida J9, to generate a genetically engineered halotolerant degrader J9U‐MP. RT‐PCR assays demonstrated that the nine exogenous genes are successfully transcribed to mRNA in J9U‐MP. Gas chromatography analysis of methyl parathion (MP) and its intermediates demonstrated that the expressed MP hydrolase and PNP‐degrading enzymes PnpABCD show obvious degradation activity toward the specific substrates in J9U‐MP. Stable isotope analysis showed that J9U‐MP is able to efficiently convert 13C6‐PNP into 13CO2, demonstrating the complete mineralization of MP in high‐salt media. J9U‐MP is genetically stable during passage culture, and genomic integration of exogenous genes does not negatively influence the growth of J9U‐MP. Under oxygen‐limited conditions, VHb‐expressing J9U‐MP does not show obvious growth inhibition and a significant reduction in the MP degradation rate. A real‐time monitoring system with enhanced GFP is used to track the motion and activity of J9U‐MP during bioremediation. Moreover, 50 mg/L MP and its intermediates (i.e., PNP and HQ) were completely degraded by J9U‐MP within 12 h in wastewater supplemented with 60 g/L NaCl. After 3 days of incubation, 25 mg/L 13C6‐PNP was converted into 13CO2 by J9U‐MP in wastewater supplemented with 60 g/L NaCl. Our results highlight the power of synthetic biology for creating new halotolerant pollutant‐mineralizing strains. The strong competitive advantages of J9U‐MP in high‐salinity and low‐oxygen environments make this degrader suitable for in situ bioaugmentation of OP wastewater.
Pd/CeO2 Single‐Atom Catalyst Forms Atypical C4 Product in a Suzuki Reaction with 2,4‐Dibromopyridine
Authors: Vice Audrey , Seger‐Pera Eric , Reardon Liam , Kedem Ofer 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) are explored as replacements for homogeneous catalysts in carbon–carbon coupling reactions; however, little work has been done to directly compare them to homogeneous catalysts, especially with regard to selectivity. In this work, we have systematically compared the activity and regioselectivity of a Pd/CeO2 SAC to the homogeneous catalyst Pd(OAc)2/4PPh3 for a Suzuki coupling reaction involving 2,4‐dibromopyridine. Typically, the 2‐position will be most likely to react; however, we have found that the SAC preferentially couples at the atypical 4‐position under a multitude of reaction conditions. Additionally, we observed that Pd/CeO2 does not react in the presence of PPh3 ligand, and that the catalyst's performance is highly impacted by substitution on the boronic acid pinacol and the identity of the organoboron coupling reagent. Our results demonstrate that SACs display catalytic properties distinct from those of homogeneous catalysts.
Research Advances in Interface Engineering of Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Yang Jianfang , Zhang Xianyong , Hou Minchen , Ni Chang , Chen Chao , Liu Siliu , Wang Yan , Lu Xueyi , Lu Xia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSolid‐state lithium batteries have attracted increasing attention due to their high ionic conductivity, potential high safety performance, and high energy density. However, their practical application is limited by a series of interface issues. In recent years, many efforts have been dedicated to solving these problems via interface engineering by providing feasible strategies for the optimization of lithiumion solid‐state battery interfaces. This paper reviews the recent developments of interface engineering in addressing interfacial issues. The existing interface problems are first systematically summarized, including poor contact, electrochemical instability, lithium dendrites, space‐charge layers, and element diffusion. Then, the corresponding interface characteristics and engineering strategies are thoroughly analyzed from the perspective of the cathode/electrolyte interface, the anode/electrolyte interface, and battery structure design. Finally, future research directions for the interface modification of solid‐state lithium batteries are discussed.
Frequent, heterogenous fire supports a forest owl assemblage
Authors: McGinn Kate , Zuckerberg Benjamin , Jones Gavin M. , Wood Connor M. , Kahl Stefan , Kelly Kevin G. , Whitmore Sheila A. , Kramer H. Anu , Barry Josh M. , Ng Elizabeth , Peery M. Zachariah 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFire shapes biodiversity in many forested ecosystems, but historical management practices and anthropogenic climate change have led to larger, more severe fires that threaten many animal species where such disturbances do not occur naturally. As predators, owls can play important ecological roles in biological communities, but how changing fire regimes affect individual species and species assemblages is largely unknown. Here, we examined the impact of fire severity, history, and configuration over the past 35 years on an assemblage of six forest owl species in the Sierra Nevada, California, using ecosystem‐scale passive acoustic monitoring. While the negative impacts of fire on this assemblage appeared to be ephemeral (1–4 years in duration), spotted owls avoided sites burned at high‐severity for up to two decades after a fire. Low‐ to moderate‐severity fire benefited small cavity‐nesting species and great horned owls. Most forest owl species in this study appeared adapted to fire within the region's natural range of variation, characterized by higher proportions of low‐ to moderate‐severity fire and relatively less high‐severity fire. While some species in this assemblage may be more resilient to severe wildfire than others, novel “megafires” that are larger, more frequent, and contiguously severe may limit the distribution of this assemblage by reducing the prevalence of low‐ to moderate‐severity fire and eliminating habitat for a closed‐canopy species for multiple decades. Management strategies that restore historical low‐ to moderate‐severity fire with small patches of high‐severity fire and promote a mosaic of forest conditions will likely facilitate the conservation of this assemblage of forest predators.
1 min synthesis of phase pure nanocrystalline high‐entropy sulfides for efficient water electrolysis
Authors: Zander Judith , Marschall Roland 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe development of noble‐metal free electrocatalysts with low production cost is of utmost importance for sustainable water electrolysis. Herein, we present a fast flexible synthesis pathway for the preparation of a variety of different medium‐ and high‐entropy spinel sulfides of various compositions, using a non‐aqueous microwave‐assisted synthesis without any H2S. Nanoparticulate high‐entropy sulfides containing up to 8 different metal cations can be obtained after an extremely short synthesis time of only 1 min and comparatively low temperatures of 200–230°C. We further demonstrate the high activity of the obtained sulfides for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
The Late Orchid Catches the Bee: Frost Damage and Pollination Success in the Face of Global Warming in a European Terrestrial Orchid
Authors: Schiestl Florian P. , Wartmann Beat A. , Bänziger Ruth , Györög‐Kobi Brigitte , Hess Klaus , Luder Jürg , Merz Edith , Peter Beat , Reutlinger Max , Richter Tobias , Senn Heinz , Ulrich Thomas , Waldeck Beate , Wartmann Claudia , Wüest Roland , Wüest Walter , Rusman Quint 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGlobal warming changes flowering times of many plant species, with potential impacts on frost damage and their synchronization with pollinator activity. These effects can have severe impacts on plant fitness, yet we know little about how frequently they occur and the extent of damage they cause. We addressed this topic in a thermophilic orchid with a highly specific pollination mechanism, the Small Spider Orchid, Ophrys araneola RchB, in six populations in Northern Switzerland. We measured flowering time, frost damage, and fruiting success in 1250 individually marked plants during 3 years, and documented spring temperatures. Using regression models with historical climate data, we estimated past and future frost damage. In addition, we analyzed historical records of the orchid and its only verified pollinator, the solitary bee Andrena combinata in Northern Switzerland, to estimate potential desynchronization between flowering and pollinator activity due to climate change. Increased spring temperatures accelerated flowering time, and together with the number of frost days explained frost damage well. Frost damage was severe and early‐flowering plants were more likely to be damaged. Historical climate data suggested frost damage has increased in the last decades and may increase further in the future. All populations but one had very low fruit set, and plants that flowered earlier were less likely to set fruit. The historical data from between 1970 and 2019 showed a significant advance of flowering‐ and pollinator occurrence time in the last decades, but to a similar degree in orchids and bees. Our study shows that the orchid, despite being limited to warm habitats in central Europe, suffers under global warming by increased frost damage caused by earlier flowering. We did not detect an effect of accelerated flowering on desynchronization in flowering time and pollinator activity in this orchid species.
Mortality risk stratification for Takotsubo syndrome: Evaluating CRP measurement alongside the InterTAK prognostic score
Authors: Faucher Loïc , Matsushita Kensuke , Kikuchi Shinnosuke , Tatarcheh Taraneh , Marchandot Benjamin , Granier Amandine , Amissi Said , Trimaille Antonin , Jesel Laurence , Ohlmann Patrick , Hibi Kiyoshi , Schini‐Kerth Valérie , Morel Olivier 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and objectivesInitially described as a benign acute cardiomyopathy, Takotsubo syndrome has been linked to elevated mortality rates. Emerging evidence suggests that unresolved myocardial inflammation may contribute to this adverse prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the incremental prognostic utility of C‐reactive protein (CRP) in conjunction with the InterTAK prognosis score for stratifying long‐term mortality in Takotsubo syndrome.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted from a multicentre registry encompassing 307 patients diagnosed with Takotsubo syndrome between 2008 and 2020. Patients were stratified into quartiles based on the InterTAK prognosis score. The discriminatory potential of CRP in predicting long‐term mortality was assessed. The primary endpoint was defined as all‐cause mortality within 1 year.ResultsA stepwise increase of CRP at discharge that corresponds to INTERTAK quartiles was observed: 9.5 mg/L (25th percentile) in the first quartile, 15.8 mg/L (median) in the second quartile, 25.3 mg/L (75th percentile) in the third quartile and 41.2 mg/L (maximum) in the fourth quartile. Receiver operating‐characteristic curves analysis revealed that CRP value at discharge was predictive of 1 year mortality (area under the curve = 0.81; 95% confidence interval = 0.68–0.90) with an optimal threshold set at 33 mg/L (sensitivity: 65%; specificity: 87%). When considering the InterTAK score, the incorporation of CRP at discharge with a cut‐off of 33 mg/L exhibited a significant enhancement in the prediction of 1 year mortality in ‘intermediate’ risk (25% vs. 1%; P = 0.008) or ‘very high’ risk (40% vs. 10%; P = 0.02) patients.ConclusionsIn Takotsubo syndrome, the persistence of inflammatory burden at hospital discharge emerged as an independent predictor of 1 year mortality, augmenting the predictive capacity of the conventional InterTAK prognosis score.
Efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes by diuretic use: A FIDELITY analysis
Authors: Mentz Robert J. , Anker Stefan D. , Pitt Bertram , Rossing Peter , Ruilope Luis M. , Gebel Martin , Kolkhof Peter , Lawatscheck Robert , Rohwedder Katja , Bakris George L. ,   on behalf of the FIDELIO‐DKD and FIGARO‐DKD Investigators
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsThis post hoc analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the non‐steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone by baseline diuretic use in FIDELITY, a pre‐specified pooled analysis of the phase III trials FIDELIO‐DKD and FIGARO‐DKD.Methods and resultsEligible patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD; urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio [UACR] ≥30–<300 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥25–≤90 ml/min/1.73 m2, or UACR ≥300–≤5000 mg/g and eGFR ≥25 ml/min/1.73 m2) were randomized 1:1 to finerenone or placebo. Patients were analysed by baseline diuretic use (yes/no) and type of diuretic (loop or thiazide). Key efficacy outcomes included a cardiovascular composite (cardiovascular death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, non‐fatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure) and a kidney composite (kidney failure, sustained ≥57% decrease in eGFR, or kidney‐related death). Out of 12 990 patients, 51.6% were taking diuretics at baseline (21.6% loop; 24.2% thiazide diuretics). Finerenone reduced the risk of cardiovascular and kidney composite outcomes versus placebo; diuretic use did not modify this effect on the cardiovascular (p‐interaction = 0.94) or kidney outcomes (p‐interaction = 0.55). Hyperkalaemia incidences were similar between finerenone subgroups irrespective of diuretic use and lower with placebo versus finerenone (with diuretics: finerenone 13.7% vs. placebo 5.7%; without diuretics: 14.3% vs. 8.3%). The incidence of hyperkalaemia leading to hospitalization or study drug discontinuation was low across treatment groups irrespective of diuretic use.ConclusionThis analysis showed that the efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with CKD and T2D was not modified by baseline diuretic use.
Snail Flap for Scalp Reconstruction: Technique and Outcomes
Authors: Peterson Andrew M. , Rapoport Nicholas A. , Chiang Sarah N. , Kallogjeri Dorina , Rich Jason T. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesLocal flaps are widely described for scalp reconstruction, but there is minimal literature surrounding the snail flap. The objective of this study was to describe the surgical technique and outcomes of scalp reconstruction with the snail flap.MethodsThis case series retrospectively evaluated all consecutive patients undergoing scalp snail flap reconstruction from January 1, 2019 to February 1, 2024. The primary outcome measure was incidence and extent of complications. Demographic and intra‐operative variables were assessed.ResultsA total of 44 patients were included with a median age (range) of 74 years (27–88) with scalp defects ranging in size from 3 x 3 cm to 8 x 8 cm (median defect size 5 cm). The mean (SD) flap base‐to‐defect ratio was 1.82 (0.31). Forty (91%) of the cases were performed outpatient or with overnight observation only. Complications included 9 (20%) wound infections, 12 (27%) patients with necrosis (all minimal), and 2 (5%) patients with hematoma, which were all managed outpatient. The flap survival rate was 100%.ConclusionsThe snail flap is easy to perform with high reliability and allows for hair preservation. The morbidity and need for hospitalization are minimal, making it an ideal reconstructive option for elderly or frail patients with moderate‐sized scalp defects.
Exploring Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation in a Dual Cavity System
Authors: Al‐Waaly Ahmed A. Y. , Paul Akshoy Ranjan , Saha Goutam , Saha Suvash C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates heat transfer and entropy generation in a dual‐cavity system filled with air, focusing on the effects of uniform and nonuniform heating conditions on natural convection. The system features heated left walls, cooled right walls, and insulated remaining walls, presenting a novel approach to thermal management. This research employs COMSOL Multiphysics and finite element method to study the interplay between Rayleigh numbers () and heat transfer efficiency, focusing on thermal patterns and irreversibility. The findings indicate that as Ra increases, convective heat transfer improves significantly, with the average Nusselt number rising from 15.23 at Ra = 103 to 74.61 at Ra = 106 under uniform heating conditions. However, this improvement comes at the cost of increased entropy generation, which escalates from 2.91 to 307.74, highlighting a trade‐off between enhanced heat transfer and greater irreversibility. These results underscore the need to optimize Ra values to achieve a balance between thermal efficiency and entropy generation. The insights gained from this study have practical implications for designing energy‐efficient cooling systems in electronics and microfluidic devices, as well as for architectural designs targeting improved thermal management.
Redefining and reimagining foundational skills: Centering joyful, culturally, and linguistically sustaining instruction in literacy instruction for CLD students
Authors: Amoako Kayser Abigail Akosua , Keown Katie , Swanson Carey , Mejia Madeleine , Kayser Brian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLanguage and culture hold power and significant connections to students' identities. However, these connections are often minimized, especially for students from diverse racial‐ethnic, cultural, and linguistic backgrounds who are neither white nor monolingual speakers of English. In literacy instruction, we often see complete disregard and devaluation for culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students' home languages, dialects, and cultures as a resource for their development of English. Many home languages that students bring with them to the classroom do not match the language of texts traditionally considered academic. These texts often contain complex language structures in English that do not match students' oral language and language structures students must learn to navigate. Students who are still learning foundational skills must be given access to these complex language structures to access rigorous academic content, which can otherwise serve as a gatekeeper to college and career opportunities. In this paper, we argue for the essential role of joyful, culturally, and linguistically sustaining, and grade‐level foundational skills instruction in literacy education. We demonstrate why and how teachers of adolescent students, particularly those who have not yet secured foundational skills in English, can leverage students' cultural and linguistic assets to build the knowledge needed to access the complex language of academic texts. Additionally, we provide a vignette to illustrate instructional routines that classroom teachers can use to support students in building their foundational skills in a joyful, culturally, and linguistically sustaining, and grade level. Through these efforts, we aim to deepen teachers' understanding of how language and culture can be leveraged to enhance learning and honor the linguistic and cultural diversity students bring to the classroom. We conclude with implications for practice and research.
Diagnosis of Carotid Fibromuscular Dysplasia Using Transoral Ultrasound in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Cheong Issac , Tamagnone Francisco Marcelo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a rare, non‐atherosclerotic vascular disease affecting medium to large arteries, especially the renal and internal carotid arteries (ICAs). The string‐of‐beads appearance, indicative of alternating areas of stenosis and dilatation, is a key imaging feature typically observed in the distal ICAs. Diagnosing FMD in critically ill patients poses challenges due to the risks associated with traditional imaging methods such as computed tomography angiography (CTA), magnetic resonance angiography, and digital subtraction angiography. We report a case of a 74‐year‐old woman diagnosed with stroke who required mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Initial Doppler ultrasound revealed a fibrolipid plaque at the left internal carotid artery but could not assess the distal ICAs. Using a transoral approach with an endocavitary transducer, we visualized the distal ICAs, revealing the classic string‐of‐beads pattern and elevated peak systolic velocities indicative of stenosis. CTA confirmed these findings. The transoral ultrasound approach offers a non‐invasive, bedside alternative for assessing the distal portions of the ICAs, making it particularly beneficial in critically ill patients. This case underscores the potential of this technique for timely diagnosis of FMD, warranting further research into its broader applicability in routine evaluations of suspected cases.
Preparation and application of cardanol ether‐based anionic–nonionic surfactant
Authors: Chen Hong , Hao Aijun , Zhu Baowei , Zhang Jingyu , Wu Xiao , Yuan Lei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUsing cardanol polyoxyethylene ether, maleic anhydride, and sodium bisulfite as main raw materials, a new type of surfactant, sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate anionic–nonionic surfactant was synthesized. The effects of reaction temperature, material ratio, and catalyst dosage on esterification reaction were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiment method, and the reaction conditions of esterification and sulfonation were optimized. Fourier infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance were employed to determine the target product. The surface tension of obtained sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate γCMC was measured as 34.54 mM/m, and critical micelle concentration was 1.61 × 10−4 mol/L. The surface tension of sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate under different pH and salty environments was further tested, and it was found that sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate showed certain resistance to acid‐base and salt conditions. The cleaning agent for aluminum was prepared using sodium dicardanol polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate, exhibiting promising performance characterized by its non‐corrosive and environmentally friendly properties.