bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does an increase in adipose tissue ‘weight’ affect male fertility? A systematic review and meta‐analysis based on semen analysis performed using the WHO 2010 criteria
Authors: Santi Daniele , Lotti Francesco , Sparano Clotilde , Rastrelli Giulia , Isidori Andrea M. , Pivonello Rosario , Barbonetti Arcangelo , Salonia Andrea , Minhas Suks , Krausz Csilla , Vignozzi Linda , Maggi Mario , Corona Giovanni 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionObesity negatively impact on the metabolism of sex hormones, leading to reduced testosterone serum levels. However, how the obesity could negatively impact on the overall gonadal function, particularly on male fertility, remained unclear so far.ObjectiveTo systematically review evidences regarding the influence of body weight excess on the sperm production.MethodsA meta‐analysis was conducted, searching all prospective and retrospective observational studies reporting male subjects older than 18 years old, with body weight excess from overweight to severe obesity were considered. Only studies using the V edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) manual for semen analysis interpretation were considered. No specific interventions were considered. Search was focused on studies comparing overweight/obese to normal weight subjects.ResultsTwenty‐eight studies were considered. Total sperm count and sperm progressive motility were significantly lower in overweight compared to normal weight subjects. Meta‐regression analyses demonstrated that patients’ age impacted on sperm parameters. Similarly, obese men showed lower sperm concentration, total sperm number, progressive and total motilities, and normal morphology lower than normal weight subjects. Reduced sperm concentration in obese men was influenced by age, smoking habit, varicocele, and total testosterone serum levels at meta‐regression analyses.ConclusionsThe male potential fertility is reduced in subjects with increased body weight, compared to normal weight men. The higher was the increased body weight, the worst was the sperm quantity/quality. This result comprehensively included obesity among non‐communicable risk factor for male infertility, shedding new lights on the negative impact of increased body weight on overall gonadal function.
A safe and effective use of caplacizumab in pregnancy‐related acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Odetola Oluwatobi , Martin Karlyn A. , Dreyer Marie , Rajan Priya , Zakarija Anaadriana , Stein Brady L. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is not uncommonly seen in pregnancy, either with the first episode or with the exacerbation of known disease. The management of TTP in pregnancy can be challenging if there is refractoriness to the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and high‐dose corticosteroids. Caplacizumab, a vWF‐directed humanized antibody fragment, is approved for the treatment of acquired TTP but there is sparse data on its use in pregnant patients. Antenatal and peripartum haemorrhage is a theoretical concern with the use of the medication in the obstetric population. However, as options for treatment of TTP in the patients who have refractory disease are significantly limited, off‐label use of caplacizumab to achieve disease control and prevent maternofetal morbidity and mortality is a reasonable consideration. This article described the successful use of caplacizumab in a pregnant patient with acquired TTP and the associated favourable outcome. The patient suffered an exacerbation following initial TPE and became refractory to both plasma exchange and high‐dose corticosteroids. Off‐label use of caplacizumab resulted in hematologic recovery and successful delivery of a healthy neonate. This case represents a contribution to the sparse literature on the use of this effective medication in an often‐challenging clinical situation.
Cenozoic evolution and deformation in the Eastern and Western Depression of the Liaohe Subbasin, Bohai Bay Basin: Insights from seismic data
Authors: Wang Qi , Sun Yonghe , Zhang Wanfu , Wang Yougong , Qin Suhua , Qiao Fengyuan , Xie Liang , Chen Guowen , Chu Rong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn rift basins with multiphase extension, the reactivation of pre‐existing faults plays an important role in the evolution and partitioning of deformation. The Liaohe Subbasin is located in the northeastern Bohai Bay Basin, and the Tanlu Fault Zone (TLFZ) runs through it and experienced extension and right‐lateral strike‐slip during the Cenozoic. Therefore, it is an ideal region for studying the deformation and evolution of rift basins. Based on 3D seismic data, we document the structure and fault characteristics of the Eastern and Western Depressions of the Liaohe Subbasin, identify periods of activity on normal and strike‐slip faults, and analyse the evolution and mechanisms of the Cenozoic evolution of this subbasin. Our main results show that (1) the main faults in the Western Depression exhibited extensional motion throughout the Palaeocene, while the Eastern Depression exhibited significant right‐lateral motion during the Oligocene following the early extension stage. (2) The Cenozoic evolution of the Liaohe Subbasin can be divided into four stages: (i) an initial extension stage (the Palaeocene to the Eocene), (ii) an extension stage with initial strike‐slip (Early Oligocene), (iii) a right‐lateral strike‐slip stage (Late Oligocene) and (iv) a postrift stage (after the Neogene). (3) The upwelling of mantle material caused by the subduction and rollback of the Pacific Plate led to the extension of the Liaohe Subbasin from the Palaeocene to the Eocene. The TLFZ began right‐lateral motion at 40 Ma and experienced strong right‐lateral deformation when rifting was weak in the Oligocene and enhanced deformation after 12 Ma. (4) In this multiphase rifting process, under moderate obliquity, strike‐slip deformation is obvious in the areas close to pre‐existing faults, while extensional deformation is obvious in areas farther away. (5) Cenozoic extension and strike‐slip deformation due to partitioning of strain are caused by obliquely reactivation of TLFZ. This study suggests that the reactivation of pre‐existing strike‐slip faults plays a major role in evolution and strain partitioning. Moreover, the results will contribute to future hydrocarbon exploration in multiphase rift basins.
Screening children with a history of maltreatment for post‐traumatic stress disorder in frontline social care organizations: A process evaluation
Authors: Devaney John , Walsh Colm , Bunting Lisa , Best Paul , Davidson Gavin , Mulholland Ciaran , French Declan , Duffy Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of standardized screening tools to identify trauma exposure and associated symptoms is commonly recommended as a key component in the development of trauma informed services and is seen as integral to facilitating access to evidence‐based therapies. However, there is limited evidence in the UK about the factors influencing the adoption of such tools into routine practice in children's social care. This paper presents the findings from a process evaluation of how practitioners implemented a screening tool for post‐traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression into their day‐to‐say practice and what worked or did not work during the process. The findings from this study highlight the potential benefits for both young people and practitioners, alongside some of the challenges involved. In particular, practitioners need to see the direct benefit for young people of being assessed. Additionally, practitioners value regular mentoring as they become more proficient in using standardized screening tools.
Conversation disruptions in early childhood predict executive functioning development: A longitudinal study
Authors: Carolus Amy E. , McLaughlin Katie A. , Lengua Lilliana J. , Rowe Meredith L. , Sheridan Margaret A. , Zalewski Maureen , Moran Lyndsey , Romeo Rachel R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConversational turn‐taking is a complex communicative skill that requires both linguistic and executive functioning (EF) skills, including processing input while simultaneously forming and inhibiting responses until one's turn. Adult‐child turn‐taking predicts children's linguistic, cognitive, and socioemotional development. However, little is understood about how disruptions to temporal contingency in turn‐taking, such as interruptions and overlapping speech, relate to cognitive outcomes, and how these relationships may vary across developmental contexts. In a longitudinal sample of 275 socioeconomically diverse mother‐child dyads (children 50% male, 65% White), we conducted pre‐registered examinations of whether the frequency of dyads’ conversational disruption during free play when children were 3 years old related to children's executive functioning (EF; 9 months later), self‐regulation skills (18 months later), and externalizing psychopathology in early adolescence (age 10–12 years). Contrary to hypotheses, more conversational disruptions significantly predicted higher inhibition skills, controlling for sex, age, income‐to‐needs (ITN), and language ability. Results were driven by maternal disruptions of the child's speech, and could not be explained by measures of overall talkativeness or interactiveness. Exploratory analyses revealed that ITN moderated these relationships, such that the positive effect of disruptions on inhibition was strongest for children from lower ITN backgrounds. We discuss how adult‐driven “cooperative overlap” may serve as a form of engaged participation that supports cognition and behavior in certain cultural contexts.
Development of anxiety in early Parkinson's disease: A clinical and biomarker study
Authors: Wang Hanyuying , Zhao Yibo , Schrag Anette 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety affects approximately 40% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, little is known about its predictors and development over time.ObjectiveTo identify the clinical factors and biomarkers associated with development of anxiety in patients with newly diagnosed PD, and to test which risk factors predict increases in anxiety over time.MethodsData from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) were utilized. The primary outcome was the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Covariates were demographics, motor and non‐motor symptoms, cognitive functions, dopamine transporter imaging data, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. We examined the association of risk factors at baseline and over 4 years with changes in anxiety scores over time.ResultsA total of 252 patients met the inclusion criteria (mean age: 61.36 years, SD 9.53). At year 4, 42 patients had developed anxiety. Baseline predictors of increase in anxiety scores were greater autonomic dysfunction, dysexecutive function, CSF t‐tau levels, excessive daytime sleepiness, and lower olfactory function scores but not motor scores. Over 4 years, change in anxiety scores correlated with deterioration in overall cognitive function, excessive daytime sleepiness, as well as depression and disability, and to a lesser degree worsening of Movement Disorder Society‐Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) motor scores and caudate dopaminergic uptake changes.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that development of anxiety in PD is not primarily based on a dopaminergic deficit in the basal ganglia but related to non‐dopaminergic or extrastriatal pathology. Early dysexecutive function predicts development of anxiety but increase in anxiety levels correlates most strongly with more global cognitive decline.
Shared placement in nonmarital families: An initial look
Authors: Costanzo Molly A. , Reilly Aaron 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to examine the prevalence of shared placement in nonmarital cases, and we then consider whether and how nonmarital shared placement cases differ from sole mother cases across a variety of case characteristics and child support outcomes.BackgroundIn recent decades, shared placement has become increasingly common after divorce, but less is known about the prevalence of shared placement in nonmarital cases. Shared placement may have important implications for families, and little is known about its prevalence in cases of unmarried parents or about characteristics of nonmarital families that have shared placement arrangements.MethodLeveraging unique administrative data on more than 6,000 nonmarital court cases, we examine the prevalence of shared placement, case characteristics of shared placement compared with sole placement cases, and child support measures by placement type. We use multivariate regression and bivariate analyses.ResultsAlthough sole mother placement remains the norm, data indicate an increase in shared placement arrangements in recent cohorts of nonmarital cases. We find parents with shared placement arrangements tend to be slightly more advantaged across several measures. On average, shared placement cases have lower child support orders and payments and substantively higher compliance rates in the year after petition.ConclusionShared placement is increasing in nonmarital cases in recent years. Nonmarital families who have shared placement arrangements differ in important ways from families with sole mother custody.ImplicationsFindings suggest the importance of expanding the relevant shared placement literature and policy discussion to consider nonmarital cases in addition to divorce cases.
Effects of a biopsychosocial‐spiritual group therapy on quality of life among institutionalized older adults with disabilities: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Yi‐Heng , Lin Li‐Chan , Hsiung Yvonne , Wu Shiao‐Chi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe traditional biomedical care approach has been unsatisfactory to meet the complex needs of seniors with long‐term multimorbidity and irreversible disability, particularly for those living in residential LTC facilities. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an 8‐week biopsychosocial‐spiritual (BPS‐S) group intervention with the attempt to enhance quality of life (QoL) and meaning in life among senior residents with disability. This single‐blind randomized controlled trail was conducted in eight residential LTC facilities. The primary outcome, ‘participants' overall and subdomain QoL’, and the secondary outcome, ‘meaning in life’, were repeatedly assessed, including four time points: before, mid‐ and post‐intervention, and at a 1‐month follow‐up. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to assess between‐group differences over time. The post‐intervention differences indicated significant higher improvement on senior residents' overall and all 4 domains of QoL, as well as their meaning in life, between the baseline and both times of post‐intervention and 1‐month follow‐up. On the other hand, participants' family QoL have improved immediately in the midst of intervention. This study provides preliminary evidence to support the feasibility and effectiveness of an 8‐week BPS‐S group therapy. We recommend the BPS‐S be integrated into routine institutional care activities to help maximize senior residents' own capacity for self‐healing, achieve a state of harmonious balance between body, mind, social and spiritual relationships; and in turn, enhance holistic health of this group.
What makes a space safe? Consumers' perspectives on a mental health safe space
Authors: Andrew Lesley , Karthigesu Shantha , Coall David , Sim Moira , Dare Julie , Boxall Kathy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe provision of community‐based space for people experiencing a mental health crisis is regarded as a favourable alternative to the emergency department. However, the only non‐emergency department safe spaces in Western Australia are located within hospitals or hospital grounds. This qualitative study asked mental health consumers in Western Australia with experience of presentation at the emergency department during a mental health crisis to describe what a safe space would look and feel like. Data were collected through focus groups and thematically analysed. The findings present the voices of mental health consumers through the framework of health geography and the therapeutic landscape. These participants articulated important physical and social features of a therapeutic safe space and their symbolism as inclusive, accessible places where they would experience a sense of agency and belonging. Participants also expressed a need for trained peer support within the space to complement the skilled professional mental health team. Participants' experiences of the emergency department during mental health crises were described as contrary to their recovery needs. The research reinforces the need for an alternative to the emergency department for adults who experience mental health crises and provides consumer‐led evidence to inform the design and development of a recovery‐focused safe space.
Focus programming: a bi‐level programming approach to static stochastic optimization problems
Authors: Guo Peijun , Zhu Xide 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStatic stochastic optimization problems are formulated with the focus theory of choice where the optimal solution is determined as per which solution's focus (the most salient realization of a random vector) is the most preferred. The new formulation that we call the focus programming is a bi‐level programming approach in which the lower‐level program is used to choose the focus of each feasible solution and the upper‐level program is to determine the optimal solution. Since in focus programming models upper‐level and lower‐level programs are maximin or minimax problems, they are nonsmooth and sometimes even nonconvex so that the existing optimization methods cannot solve such bi‐level programming problems. We propose several single‐level reformulation methods for such problems.
Strengthening the role of the executive nurse director: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Kelly Daniel , Horseman Zoe , Strachan Fiona E. , Hamilton Sharon , Jones Aled , Holloway Aisha , Rafferty Anne Marie , Noble Helen , Reid Joanne , Harris Ruth , Smith Pam 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the challenges and opportunities facing executive nurse directors in the UK and identify factors to strengthen their role and support more effective nurse leadership.DesignA qualitative descriptive study using reflexive thematic analysis.MethodsSemi‐structured, telephone interviews were carried out with 15 nurse directors and 9 nominated colleagues.ResultsParticipants described a uniquely complex role with a broader scope than any other executive board member. Seven themes were identified: preparation for the role, length of time in role, role expectations, managing complexity, status, being political and influencing. Strengthening factors included successful working relationships with other board colleagues, development of political skills and personal status, coaching and mentoring, working within a supportive team culture and having strong professional networks.ConclusionExecutive nurse leaders are key to the transmission of nursing values and the delivery of safety and quality in healthcare settings. To strengthen this role, the limiting factors and the recommended shared learning identified here should be recognized and addressed at an individual, organizational and professional level.Implications for the profession and patient careGiven the pressure on all health systems to retain nurses, the role of executive nurse leaders needs to be seen as an important source of professional leadership and their value in actioning health policy into practice recognized.ImpactNew insights have been provided into the executive nurse director role across the UK. Findings have demonstrated challenges and opportunities to strengthen the executive nurse director role. These include recognition of the need for support, preparation, networking and more realistic expectations of this unique nursing role.Reporting methodThe study adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.Patient or public contributionThere was no patient or public contribution.
The relationship between ethical leadership and nurse well‐being: The mediating role of workplace mindfulness
Authors: Si Xiaona , Xue Huiyuan , Song Xiaoren , Liu Xiaoli , Zhang Fen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between nurses' well‐being and their ethical leadership, and the mediating role of workplace mindfulness in this relationship.DesignThis was a quantitative cross‐sectional study.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals in central China from May 2022 to July 2022, and the Nurses' Workplace Mindfulness, Ethical Leadership and Well‐Being Scale were distributed and collected via the Internet. A total of 1579 nurses volunteered to participate in this study. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyse the data by Z‐test and Spearman's rank correlation; the internal mechanism of workplace mindfulness and ethical leadership on nurses' well‐being was completed by AMOS 23.0 statistical software.ResultsThe scores of nurses' well‐being, workplace mindfulness and ethical leadership were 93.00 (81.00, 108.00), 96.00 (80.00, 112.00) and 73.00 (67.00, 81.00) respectively. The professional title, age and department atmosphere affect their well‐being. Spearman's analysis showed that nurses' well‐being was positively correlated with ethical leadership (r = .507, p < .01) and workplace mindfulness (r = .600, p < .01); workplace mindfulness partially mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and nurses' well‐being accounting for 38.5% of the total effect ratio [p < .001, 95% CI = (0.215, 0.316)].ConclusionNurses' well‐being was at a medium level, and had a higher score in ethical leadership and workplace mindfulness, and workplace mindfulness played a partial mediating role between ethical leadership and nurses' well‐being.ImpactThis suggests that nursing managers need to pay attention to clinical nurses' well‐being experience, actively focus on the relationship among ethical leadership, workplace mindfulness and well‐being and integrate core values such as positivity and morality into nurses' daily routines, so as to improve the work enthusiasm and well‐being experience of clinical nurses, enhancing the nursing quality and stabilizing the nursing team.