bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal brain protein abundance and mRNA expression of SARM1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Ma Yanni , Qin Fengqin , Jia Tingting , He Yongji , Han Feng , Zhang Chengcheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify additional causal genes utilizing innovative methodologies due to the limits of the existing identified disease-associated genes in explaining the etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this study, the abnormal protein abundance in the human brain was used to identify the ALS risk genes and their aberrant expression was verified in multiple tissues. We conducted a two-stage proteome-wide association study (PWAS) using the ALS genome-wide association study (GWAS) data and two distinct human brain protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL). To further support the PWAS risk genes, we also performed colocalization followed by differential expression analysis on lower motor neuron, skeletal muscle, and whole blood samples. Six ALS risk genes (SCFD1, SARM1, TMEM175, BCS1L, WIPI2, and DHRS11) were found during the PWAS discovery phase, and two of them (SARM1 and BCS1L) were confirmed during the validation phase. The following Bayesian colocalization analysis supported SARM1 had causal gene that drove both of the pQTL and GWAS signals. Further differential expression analysis revealed that SARM1 was markedly down-regulated in lower motoneurons, skeletal muscle, and whole blood tissues. Our findings supported the existence of ALS-related risk genes and identified many promising protein candidates for the future investigation of therapeutic targets. The dysregulation of SARM1 in multiple tissues provides a new direction to explain the ALS pathology and the clinical manifestations of muscle weakness in ALS patients.
Predicting Foodborne Pathogens and Probiotics Taxa within Poultry-Related Microbiomes Using a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Ayoola Moses B. , Pillai Nisha , Nanduri Bindu , Rothrock Michael J. , Ramkumar Mahalingam 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Microbiomes that can serve as an indicator of gut, intestinal, and general health of humans and animals are largely influenced by food consumed and contaminant bioagents. Microbiome studies usually focus on estimating the alpha (within sample) and beta (similarity/dissimilarity among samples) diversities. This study took a combinatorial approach and applied machine learning to microbiome data to predict the presence of disease-causing pathogens and their association with known/potential probiotic taxa. Here, 16S rRNA gene high-throughput Illumina sequencing of temporal pre-harvest (feces, soil) samples of 41 pastured poultry flocks from southeastern U.S. farms were used to generate the relative abundance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) as machine learning input. Unique genera from the OTUs were used as predictors of the prevalence of foodborne pathogens (Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Listeria) at different stages of poultry growth (START (2–4 weeks old), MID (5–7 weeks old), END (8–11 weeks old)), association with farm management practices and physicochemical properties.
Result
While we did not see any significant associations between known probiotics and Salmonella or Listeria, we observed significant negative correlations between known probiotics (Bacillus and Clostridium) and Campylobacter at mid-timepoint of sample collection. Our data indicates a negative correlation between potential probiotics and Campylobacter at both early and end-timepoint of sample collection. Furthermore, our model prediction shows that changes in farm operations such as how often the houses are moved on pasture, age at which chickens are introduced to the pasture, diet composition, presence of other animals on the farm could favorably increase the abundance and activity of probiotics that could reduce Campylobacter prevalence.
Conclusion
Integration of microbiome data with farm management practices using machine learning provided insights on how to reduce Campylobacter prevalence and transmission along the farm-to-fork continuum. Altering management practices to support proliferation of beneficial probiotics to reduce pathogen prevalence identified here could constitute a complementary method to the existing but ineffective interventions such as vaccination and bacteriophage cocktails usage. Study findings also corroborate the presence of bacterial genera such as Caloramator, DA101, Parabacteroides, Faecalibacterium as potential probiotics.
Changes in EEG frequency characteristics during sevoflurane general anesthesia: feature extraction by variational mode decomposition
Authors: Yamada Tomomi , Obata Yurie , Sudo Kazuki , Kinoshita Mao , Naito Yoshifumi , Sawa Teiji 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Mode decomposition is a method of extracting the characteristic intrinsic mode function (IMF) from various multidimensional time-series signals. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) searches for IMFs by optimizing the bandwidth to a narrow band with the norm while preserving the online estimated central frequency. In this study, we applied VMD to the electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis during general anesthesia.
Methods: Using a bispectral index monitor, EEGs were recorded for 10 adult surgical patients (mean age ± sd: 43.7 ± 18.5 years) who were anesthetized with sevoflurane. We created an application named EEG Mode Decompositor, which decomposes the recorded EEG into IMFs and displays the Hilbert spectrogram.
Results: During the 30-minute recovery from general anesthesia, the mean of the bispectral index increased from 45.4 ± 6.8 to 96.7 ± 1.5, whereas the central frequencies of IMF-1, IMF-2, IMF-3, IMF-4, IMF-5, and IMF-6 increased significantly from 0.35 ± 0.21 Hz to 0.18 ± 0.11 Hz, 1.54 ± 0.73 Hz to 5.32 ± 3.94 Hz, 5.79 ± 2.31 Hz to 15.64 ± 8.02 Hz, 10.34 ± 2.75 Hz to 26.13 ± 7.89 Hz, 14.23 ± 3.63 Hz to 35.50 ± 4.78 Hz, and 13.74 ± 5.42 Hz to 43.20 ± 3.16 Hz, respectively.
Conclusion: The characteristic frequency component changes in the specific IMFs during emergence from general anesthesia were visually captured. EEG analysis by VMD is useful for extracting distinct changes in an EEG during general anesthesia.
Global existence and uniqueness of the 2D damped wave type MHD equations
Authors: Sun Weixian , Wang Wenjuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider the two-dimensional damped wave type magnetohydrodynamic equations with fractional dissipation. We prove the global existence and uniqueness of solution for small initial data in Sobolev spaces.
AMS Subject Classification 2010: 35A05; 35Q35; 76D03
Cobalt Oxide Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Alsherari Sahr A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, Co3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and Co3O4 modified reduced graphene oxide (Co3O4/rGO) are successfully elaborated by hydrothermal method and used as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The structure, composition, and morphology of the hydrothermal powders are characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and TEM while their electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge/discharge studies. The Co3O4/rGO anode exhibit improved electrochemical performance in terms of specific capacitance, reversibility and stability compared to single-component Co3O4. At 0.1 A.g− 1, the specific discharge capacity for the pure Co3O4 and Co3O4/rGO composite is about 850 mAh g− 1 and 1285 mAh g− 1 respectively. The improvement in the electrochemical capacity of the composite anode is mainly ascribed to a cooperative effect between the reduced graphene with good electrical conductivity and the unique nano-sized Co3O4 with a short diffusion pathway for lithium ions diffusion.
Facile, One-pot, pseudo four component synthesis of novel benzimidazolyl- thiazoles via multi-component approach and their biological evaluation
Authors: Chedupaka Raju , Audipudi Amrutha V , Sangolkar Akansha Ashok , Mamidala Srikanth , Venkatesham Papisetti , Penta Santhosh , Vedula Rajeswar Rao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A general and sustainable multicomponent approach for the synthesis of benzimidazolyl-thiazole compounds via an efficient, one-pot, pseudo four-component reaction using 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzimidazole, aralkyl halides, ammonium thiocyanate, and substituted α-bromo-acetophenones in glacial acetic acid at ambient temperature to give final compounds (4a-p) in good yields in shorter time. The spectral data of synthesized compounds were evaluated by analytical and spectral techniques (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and ESI-HRMS). Further, some of the synthesized compounds were screened for their in-vitro antibacterial activity studies using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-positive Streptococcus Pneumoniae (2451) bacteria and Gram-negative Porteous Mirabilis (2081) bacteria. Based on the MIC results, it was observed that the most active compounds 4b, 4e, 4f, and 4k are shown promising anti-bacterial activity with the zone of inhibition values of 2.85 cm 2.75 cm, 3.6 cm, and 3.3 cm against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria cell lines respectively. Further, we have also insight into the molecular simulation studies, based on the binding results, compound 4i showed stable binding interactions with streptomycin drug with active site of the gyrase protein (PDB ID: 1KIJ). The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of all the title scaffolds were also established. The antibacterial activity, molecular docking studies, molecular dynamic simulations of the title compounds were suggested that these are promising anti-bacterial active skeletons.
Heavy metal pollution and ecological risk under different land use types: based on the similarity of pollution sources and comparing the results of three evaluation models
Authors: Gao Haoran , Gong Jian , Yang Jianxin , Chen Guang , Ye Teng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In key areas of ecological protection, it is significant to consider the similarity of pollution sources among heavy metals and the interaction between different sources, especially the ecological risk areas caused by heavy metal pollution. We collected 51 soil samples from five land use types with different soil depths in an industrial area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Two and three major heavy metal combination types of Cd Cu Cr Pb and Zn in different soil layers were identified using absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression models, and the potential pollution sources corresponding to the different types were quantified using Geo-Detector models. Industrial activities, especially metallurgy and mining, are the most likely potential sources of Cd Cu and Pb pollution, while the enrichment effects caused by rivers and roads are also evident in the study area. Heavy metal levels were generally higher in watered and urban lands and lower in grasslands. The downward migration of heavy metals in the study area was inferred from the similar trends of several indicators between soil layers A and B. The new model Nemerow Integrated Risk Index (NIRI) was used to analyse the integrated ecological risk across the study area and under different land use types by comparing with the pollution load index and Nemerow Integrated Pollution Index, and it was found that the risk level was lower in grassland and forest land than under other land use types, while it was higher in urban land and irrigated land. NIRI was able to highlight the impact of high Cd toxicity factors on the overall risk level, and is more accurate and flexible in identifying risk areas.
Vapor-Liquid and Chemical Equilibrium for Esterification of Acetic Acid + Isopropanol with [HSO3 -bmim][HSO4 ] at 101.33 kPa
Authors: Guo Yimin , Zou Yun , Huang Kelei , Li Qing , Tong Zhangfa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of binary systems (water + acetic acid, isopropanol + water, and acetic acid + isopropyl acetate), and ternary systems (water + acetic acid + 1-sulfobutyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([HSO3-bmim][HSO4]), isopropanol + water + [HSO3-bmim][HSO4], and acetic acid + isopropyl acetate +[HSO3-bmim][HSO4]) were determined at 101.33 kPa. The non-random two liquid (NRTL) model was fitted well with the experimental data. The σ-profiles of water, acetic acid, isopropanol, isopropyl acetate, [HSO3-bmim]+, and [HSO4]- were calculated using COSMO-RS model. Furthermore, the binding ability of [HSO3-bmim][HSO4] ionic liquid with water, acetic acid, isopropyl alcohol, and isopropyl acetate was analyzed by σ-profiles. The chemical and phase equilibrium (CPE) data of acetic acid + isopropanol, acetic acid + isopropanol + [HSO3-bmim][HSO4] systems were determined, and the chemical equilibrium constant Kr was calculated. These results provided basic thermodynamic data for [HSO3-bmim][HSO4] as the catalyst for the esterification system of acetic acid with isopropanol.
Operando X-Ray imaging of stochastic inter-regime instabilities in laser melting processes: direct evidence of acoustic emission signatures
Authors: Nasab Milad Hamidi , Masinelli Giulio , de Formanoir Charlotte , Schlenger Lucas , Petegem Steven Van , Esmaeilzadeh Reza , Wasmer Kilian , Ganvir Ashish , Salminen Antti , Aymanns Florian , Marone Federica , Pandiyan Vigneashwara , Goel Sneha , Logé Roland 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a metal additive manufacturing technique involving complex interplays between vapor, liquid, and solid phases. Despite LPBF’s unprecedented capabilities compared to conventional manufacturing methods, the underlying physical phenomena can result in inter-regime instabilities followed by transitions between conduction and keyhole melting regimes — leading to defects. For the first time, we investigated these issues through operando synchrotron X-ray imaging synchronized with acoustic emission recording, during the remelting processes of LPBF-produced thin walls, monitoring regime changes occurring under constant laser processing parameters. The collected data show an increment in acoustic signal amplitude when switching from conduction to keyhole regime, which we correlated to changes in laser absorptivity. Moreover, a full correlation between X-ray imaging and the acoustic signals permitted the design of a simple filtering algorithm to predict the melting regimes. As a result, conduction, stable keyhole, and unstable keyhole regimes could be identified with a time resolution of 100 µs, even under rapid transitions, providing a straightforward method to accurately detect undesired processing regimes without the use of artificial intelligence.
Towards a taxonomy for business capabilities determining data value
Authors: Hafner Markus , Silva Miguel Mira da 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Data and its valuation become increasingly crucial for enterprises and academia, which coincides a multitude of data valuation approaches including numerous affected focus areas, dimensions, and characteristics. Therefore, this paper analyzes different approaches to determine data value from a business capability perspective according to the TOGAF standard. Specifically, this paper deals with (a) the development of a taxonomy for data valuation business capabilities (DVBC) as well as (b) the taxonomy validation by the use of existing data valuation approaches. The applied methodologies are taxonomy development techniques for information systems, which are based on a previously executed systematic literature review with a sample size of 67 articles. Further, the data valuation business capability taxonomy is validated through applying two recent data valuation approaches from academia. As a result, the taxonomy developed consists of four business capability layers, nine dimensions, and 36 characteristics. The characteristics are of exclusive or non-exclusive nature, depending on their meaningfulness, and are validated by the successful application of two data valuation approaches. Compiled findings meet both objective and subjective quality standards. With the developed DVBC taxonomy, scholars and professionals are equipped with a tool to classify and structure their data valuation endeavors. In addition, the DVBC taxonomy bridges the domains of information systems, enterprise architecture management, and data management to serve as a foundation for interdisciplinary value generation with and through data.
Machine learning and statistical classification of birdsong links vocal acoustic features with phylogeny
Authors: Rivera Moises , Edwards Jacob A. , Hauber Mark E. , Woolley Sarah M. N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBirdsong is a longstanding model system for studying evolution, and has recently emerged as a measure of biodiversity loss due to deforestation and climate change. Here, we collected and analyzed high quality song recordings from seven species in the familyEstrildidae. We measured the acoustic features of syllables and then used dimensionality reduction and machine learning classifiers to identify features that accurately assigned syllables to species. Species differences were captured by the first 3 principal components, corresponding to basic spectral features, spectral shape, and spectrotemporal features. We then identified the measured features underlying classification accuracy. We found that fundamental frequency, mean frequency, spectral flatness, and syllable duration were the most informative features for species identification. Next, we tested whether specific acoustic features of species’ songs predicted phylogenetic distance. We found significant phylogenetic signal in syllable spectral features, but not in spectral shape or spectrotemporal features. Results indicate that spectral features are more constrained by species’ genetics than are other features, and are the best signal features for identifying species from song recordings. The absence of phylogenetic signal in spectral shape and spectrotemporal features suggests that these song features are labile, reflecting learning-processes and individual recognition.
Electrochemical formation and behavior of silver and lead chlorides as potential cathodes for quasi-rechargeable magnesium seawater cell
Authors: Popović Aleksandra S. , Grgur Branimir 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Primary seawater magnesium-based cell with AgCl or PbCl2 cathodes is widely used as power sources. In this paper, we consider the cyclic galvanostatic formation of silver and lead chloride, and their electrochemical behavior for potential applications in the new concept of the seawater quasi-rechargeable magnesium cell. For potential cells, the voltage for Mg alloy AZ63 and AgCl is ~ 1.5 V, and for the PbCl2, ~ 1 V. High discharge specific capacity, energy, and power are obtained under the very high discharge rate. Consideration of the improvements for the application in a real cell is given.
Preserving Wetlands in Maine
Authors: Flynn Sean , Flynn Sean Patrick 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wetlands can be found throughout the United States and, more specifically, within the State of Maine, and the wetlands within the area need to be protected. Using many Geographic Information Systems and analysis measures, I located and examined many potential wetland areas that can support endangered and threatened species. The final results show over 10 locations for wetland habitats in the county that is near the Moosehead Region. With the forestry business cutting down trees, the preservation of the identified areas are crucial for the endangered and threatened populations.
Evaluation of Alternate Weaning Techniques with Fecal Cortisol Metabolites
Authors: Swecker W. S. , Gilbertie J. M. , Milton S. C. , Fiske D. A. , Wahlberg M. L. 
Published: February 2023

Weaning in beef cattle is defined as the physical separation of the cow-calf pair and is normally associated with dietary, social, environmental, and immunological changes in the calf. Abrupt weaning leads to behavioral changes, decreased weight gain, and increased levels of stress-associated hormones.
Alternative weaning methods are utilized to decrease stress on calves. Fenceline weaning is moving the calf into an adjacent paddock which ends suckling, but allows the calf to maintain social contact with its dam. Fenceline weaning reduces the time calves spend walking and vocalizing, and increases the time calves spend eating and lying down. Measurement of blood cortisol can be problematic due to the acute nature of cortisol release which may reflect handling and response to blood collection in addition to baseline cortisol status. The utilization of fecal cortisol metabolites allows determination of cortisol status hours prior to sampling. The objective of this study was to compare fecal cortisol metabolite concentrations in beef calves weaned abruptly and by alternate techniques.
Taking the Long View
Authors: Van Amburgh M. E. , Soberon F. , Raffrenato E. , Karzses J. , Everett R. W. 
Published: February 2023

Calf nutrition and management programs have focused on early weaning and modest liquid feed intake designed to encourage dry feed intake for enhanced rumen development. This was done primarily to reduce cost and also to reduce the risk for diarrhea and other disease concerns.
Data are being generated demonstrating that early life management and nutrition, starting with colostrum, positively reinforces the genetic capacity of the calf for feed efficiency and milk producing ability. Factors in colostrum, such as certain growth factors and hormones, appear to enhance the efficiency of use of absorbed nutrients, providing a broader role for colostrum intake and composition beyond the traditional role for immune function. Published data demonstrate differences in feed efficiency of over 26% in calves with higher levels of colostrum intake, independent of Ig status. The objective of doubling the birth weight of the calf by weaning through increased milk or milk replacer intake has demonstrated positive effects on milk production in the first and subsequent lactation. In several studies, the milk yield of calves have been enhanced from 500 to over 3,000 lb in the first lactation through increased liquid feed intake and data are now available indicating the increased milk yield is extended into subsequent lactations. Overall, this data demonstrates that the calf experiences epigenetic modification of their milk producing ability through increased nutrient intake in the first 42 to 49 days of life. The economic consequences of this outcome are discussed.
The Global Burden of Viral Food-borne Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hashemi Mohammad , Salayani Mustafa , Afshari Asma , Kafil Hossein Samadi , Noori Seyyed Mohammad Ali 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The objectives of this paper were to determine the overall number of
diseases, deaths, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) caused by viral foodborne diseases
(FBDs). An extensive search scheme was performed using several search terms; disease burden,
foodborne disease, and foodborne viruses.

Methods:
The obtained results were subsequently screened based on title, abstract, and, finally,
full text. Relevant evidence on human food-borne virus diseases (prevalence, morbidity, and mortality)
was selected. Of all viral foodborne diseases, norovirus was the most predominant one.

Results:
The incidence rates of norovirus foodborne diseases ranged from 11 to 2,643 cases in
Asia and from 418 to 9,200,000 in the USA and Europe. Norovirus had a high burden of disease
Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) compared with other foodborne diseases. North America
was reported as a country with a high burden of disease (DALYs = 9900) and illness costs.

Discussion:
High variability of prevalence and incidence were observed in different regions and
countries. Food-borne viruses pose a considerable burden on poor health throughout the world.

Conclusion:
We suggest the addition of foodborne viruses to the global burden of disease, and
relevant evidence can be used to improve public health.