bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of two-dimensional and three-dimensional preoperative planning measurements for high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Bai Haohao , Sun Yadi , Ma Jianxiong , Wang Ying , Wang Yan , Lu Bin , Sun Lei , Jin Hongzhen , Zhao Xingwen , Ma Xinlong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) is an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis(KOA). Notably, two-dimensional (2D) preoperative planning for HTO relies on radiographs, possibly disregarding the individual two-dimensional (3D) anatomical differences, whereas 3D; on the other hand, 3D orthopaedic planning uses individualised 3D models and considers the shape of the bones; however, further research is needed to verify its effectiveness. Nevertheless, HTO remains an effective means for KOA treatment, and 2D and 3D preoperative planning is expected to play an important role in the future. However, research on the accuracy of 2D and 3D preoperative planning for HTO is limited. Consequently, this study aimed to compare the differences in 2D and 3D preoperative planning measurements for HTO.
Methods
Patients with unicompartmental medial KOA and deviation of the mechanical axis of the lower limbs who underwent OWHTO between January 2021 and August 2022 were retrospectively examined. The 3D and 2D preoperative planning of OWHTO was performed by setting the percentage of the weight-bearing line (%WBL) at 62.5% as an optimal alignment. Differences in the correction angle and distraction distance between the two surgical plans were statistically compared.
Results
Overall, 102 patients were included in the study. The mean correction angle of 2D planning was significantly higher than that of 3D planning (P < 0.001), and the mean difference between the two was 1.49 ± 1.70°. The difference between the two methods in the medial opening gaps for OWHTO was 2.1 ± 2.06mm.
Conclusions
In conclusion, 2D preoperative planning of OWHTO needs more angle and a larger medial opening gap than 3D planning when aiming at the same WBL. Therefore, surgeons should carefully consider the differences between 2D and 3D preoperative planning and estimate the possible correction error during surgery when planning an OWHTO.
Evaluation of optical coherence tomography biomarkers to differentiate favourable and unfavourable responders to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in retinopathy of prematurity.
Authors: Jalali Subhadra , Belenje Akash , Reddy Rakasi , Parameswarappa Deepika , Padhy Tapas , Subbarao Bala 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: Evaluation of optical coherence tomography biomarkers in predicting treatment response to intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) Bevacizumab, in aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (A-ROP).
Methods: Non-contact ultra-widefield (NC-UWF) fundus imaging with integrated UWF guided swept source Optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) was performed prospectively in preterm babies before and after intravitreal anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) monotherapy. OCT biomarkers were analysed in eyes that reached complete vascularization versus others.
Results: Eyes with retinal vessels reaching near ora serrata were labelled as regressed ROP and vascularised retina (Group1). Eyes with reactivation of ROP needing laser or vitreoretinal surgery or eyes with peripheral avascular retina (PAR) at 16th week post-injection were considered as Group 2. Pre-injection baseline OCT showed a hyperreflectivity of inner retinal layers in 12 out of 46 eyes in Group 1 versus 30 out of 34 eyes in Group 2 (p value 0.002). None of the eyes in Group 1 showed choroidal thinning at posterior pole as compared to 14 out of 34 eyes in Group 2 (p value 0.001). Intraretinal hypo reflective Cystic changes at fovea were seen in 16 out of 46 eyes in Group 1 and 2 out of 34 eyes in Group 2 (p value 0.012).
Conclusion:
Pre-injection swept source OCT biomarkers could predict the treatment outcomes of anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) monotherapy in A-ROP eyes. Hyperreflectivity of inner retinal layers and choroidal thinning had poorer and unpredictable response to anti-VEGF injection whereas, cystic changes at fovea predicted favourable response.
Alcohol Consumption Modifies Susceptibility to HIV-1 Entry in Cervical Mucosa-Derived CD4+ T cells of Women Resident in a Fishing Community of Lake Victoria, Uganda
Authors: Bagaya Bernard Ssentalo , Driciru Emmanuella , Fahad Muwanda , Nantongo Mary , Namuleme Marion , Kitandwe Paul Kato , Ssekayita Enoch Muyanja , Galiwango Ronald , Mirembe Violet , Muwenda Barbarah Kawoozo , Muwanga Moses , Kayongo Alex , Lutwama Fredrick 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: A significant overlap exists in the burden of Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) and the HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. Over 60% of HIV infections occur in women, mostly through the cervical mucosa. Absorption and systemic circulation of alcohol induces global physiological and immune effects, including at the genital mucosa. Alcohol alters expression of cell surface receptors, mucosal barrier permeability, inflammatory responses, and lymphocyte trafficking and homing. However, a substantial knowledge gap exists on whether these cellular and or immunological effects of alcohol modify the consumers’ CD4+ T cell susceptibility to HIV-1 entry at the cervical mucosa. HIV seronegative women, aged 18-49 years were recruited from Kasenyi and Kigungu fish landing sites of Lake Victoria. They were categorized as Alcohol Consumers (n=27) or non-Alcohol Consumers (n=26) based on the World Health Organization Alcohol-Use-Disorder-Test (WHO-AUDIT) at a cut-off score of >=8/40 and <8/40, respectively. Cytobrush-collected Cervical Mononuclear Cells [CMCs] and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells [PBMCs] from heparinized whole-blood were surface stained for CD4+ T cell immunophenotyping. To measure susceptibility to HIV entry, CMCs and PBMCs were co-cultured overnight with equal amount of GFP-tagged HIV-1 pseudo-virus particles. Both immunophenotyping and HIV entry were measured on a BD LSR II flow cytometer.
Results: There was no significant difference in the frequency of CD4+ T cells in blood (p=0.451) or mucosa (p=0.838) compartments across study groups. However, we observed a combined four-fold higher HIV entry (p=0.0001) into cervical versus blood-derived CD4+ T cells regardless of alcohol consumption status. More so, cervical-derived CD4+ T cells of alcohol-consumers showed a two-fold increase in susceptibility to HIV entry (P=0.0185) compared to the non-alcohol consumer group. Double positive α4β7+CD4+T cells of alcohol consumers exhibited a higher HIV entry compared to those from alcohol non-consumers(p=0.0069).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that cervical CD4+ T cells are more susceptible to HIV entry than those from blood. Also, cervical CD4+ T cells of alcohol consumers are more susceptible than those of non- consumers. Differences in frequencies of α4β7+ CD4+ T between alcohol consumers and non-consumers’ cells may account for the increased susceptibility to HIV entry.
Convalescent Adaptive Immunity is Highly Heterogenous after SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Marty Paige K. , Pathakumari Balaji , Shah Maleeha , Keulen Virginia P. , Erskine Courtney L. , Block Matthew S. , Arias-Sanchez Pedro , Escalante Patricio , Peikert Tobias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Optimal detection strategies for effective convalescent immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination remain unclear. The objective of this study was to characterize convalescent immunity targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using a multiparametric approach. At the beginning of the pandemic, between April 23, 2020, to May 11, 2020, we recruited 30 COVID-19 unvaccinated convalescent donors and 7 unexposed asymptomatic donors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from leukapheresis cones. The humoral immune response was assessed by measuring serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 subunit IgG semiquantitative ELISA and T cell immunity against S1 and S2 subunits were studied by IFN-γ Enzyme-Linked Immune absorbent Spot (ELISpot), flow cytometric (FC) activation-induced marker (AIM) assays and the assessment of cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell function (in the subset of HLA-A2 positive patients). No single immunoassay was sufficient in identifying anti-spike convalescent immunity among all patients. There was no consistent correlation between adaptive humoral and cellular anti-spike responses. Our data indicate that the magnitude of anti-spike convalescent humoral and cellular immunity is highly heterogeneous and highlights the need for using multiple assays to comprehensively measure SARS-CoV-2 convalescent immunity. These observations might have implications for COVID-19 surveillance, and optimal vaccination strategies for emerging variants. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal assessment of adaptive humoral and cellular immunity following SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in the context of emerging variants and unclear vaccination schedules.
Ultrasound and clinicopathologic feature based model for early prediction of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: A case-control study
Authors: Jiang Tian , sui lin , yan yuqi , Ou Di , chen chen , Ni chen , Lai Min , Wang Liping , Yang Chen , Li Wei , Chen Liyu , Xu Dong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective : The objective of this study was to develop a model combining ultrasound (US) and clinicopathological features for early prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer.
Methods ： From October 2020 to March 2022, 304 breast cancer patients who underwent NAC in our Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. US and clinicopathological characteristics were collected from all patients in this study, and characteristics obtained by using univariate analysis at p<0.05 were subjected to multivariate analysis, and then the conventional US and clinicopathological characteristics independently associated with pathologic complete response (PCR) from the analysis were used to develop US models, clinicopathological models and their combined models by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity to assess their predictive efficacy.
Results: The combined model had an AUC of 0.818, a sensitivity of 78.79%, a specificity of 74.15%, and an accuracy of 75.81% for early prediction of PCR to NAC in breast cancer, which was significantly better than the clinicopathological model (AUC=0.733) and the US model (AUC=0.758). In addition, seven features were screened as independent predictors, namely T-stage, lateral acoustic shadow, margin, calcification, blood flow score, HER2 expression, and maximum diameter reduction rate.
Conclusions ： Lateral acoustic shadowing, calcification, margin, blood flow score, maximum diameter reduction rate measured by US, as well as clinical T-stage and HER2 expression are independent predictors of obtaining PCR after NAC in breast cancer patients, The conventional US combined with clinicopathological features to construct a combined model has a good diagnostic effect for early prediction of PCR in breast cancer and is expected to be a useful tool to assist clinicians in effectively determining the efficacy of NAC in breast cancer patients.
Lactate kinetics-oriented fluid resuscitation Strategy for lowering the application of catecholamine of septic shock in children
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Weikai , Zhang Hua , Wang Ying , Guo Zhangyan , Ma Le , Zhou Yong , Du Yanqiang , Liu Li 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality for children wordwide. Some studies suggested that initial hyperlactacidemia and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) are associated with mortality in sepsis. Our objective was to compare whether SCVO2-oriented resuscitation strategies and lactate kinetics oriented resuscitation strategies differ in mortality in children with septic shock. 250 children diagnosed with septic shock between January 2017 and October 2021 were enrolled in this study, and they were randomly assigned to two groups, ScvO2-oriented group (n = 125) and lactate kinetics-oriented group (n = 125). The Trial Registration Number was 20230068 and the date of registration was June 1, 2023. The primary endpoint was the 28-day mortality, and the secondary endpoints included the mechanical ventilation time, 6 h and 12 h success rate of the resuscitation, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay time, the vasoactive inotropic score (VIS) and rate of arrhythmia. There were no significant differences in baseline data and 28-day mortality between the two groups. However, the norepinephrine(NE) dose was lower in the lactate kinetics-oriented group than that in the ScvO2-oriented group at both the 2nd and 3rd day. 6 h success rate of the resuscitation in the lactate kinetics-oriented group was significantly higher than that in the ScvO2 -oriented group (P = 0.037). Conclusions: Compared with the ScvO2-oriented group, the lactate kinetics-oriented group could improve the success rate of the resuscitation in the early stages of septic shock and reduce the application of catecholamine.
A Study of patients' awareness about anesthesia; A comparative study between two hospitals (Al-Mujtahid - Tishreen Al-Askari)
Authors: Ali Ali Mohsin , Habib Ali Basel , Ali Diaa Haj , Rakmani Najwa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Anesthesia is one of the vital and very important procedures in surgical operations, as it helps to relieve pain and reduce stress on the body during surgery, which helps to improve surgical results and reduce the risk of infection. Anesthesia is of great importance before surgeries.
Research Materials and Methods: A survey research was conducted using the analytical descriptive method in the hospital (Al-Mujtahid - Tishreen Al-Askari), starting from May 2023 AD until August 2023 AD, when the sample size that was calculated was (600) patients and medical files were used. The data were analyzed using the statistical analysis program (SPSS) version No. (24) and considering the variable as statistically significant when the value of the significance level (P-Value) is less than (0.05).
Results: about half of the participants in the study were previously familiar with anesthesia, but a very small percentage of them were aware of the existence of problems related to anesthesia. There were medium percentages of patients anxious about anesthesia, with varying levels of anxiety for various reasons, most of which were related to vomiting, pain, headache, and hallucinations after surgery.
Conclusion: The general public is not aware of the functions performed by anesthesiologists, we need new ideas to educate members of society in general about the important role of anesthesiologists in the medical system as a whole.
Unique Measure for Time-Dependent Random PDEs
Authors: Varner Gregory 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper proves the uniqueness of measure for time-inhomogeneous random
dynamical systems that exhibit particular controllability and coupling
conditions. This is done by extending a result for uniqueness of measure for timehomogeneous
Markov processes to the time-inhomogeneous case, showing that
the Markov process is exponentially mixing in the dual-Lipschitz norm. It is then
shown that the 2D Navier-Stokes equations on the sphere with a time-dependent
deterministic force and a ”kick”-type random perturbation satisfy the conditions
and thus have a unique limiting measure.

MSC Classification: 35Q30 , 60H15 , 60J05 , 93C20 , 35R01 , 60J99
A Guidance System for Robotic Welding Based on an Improved YOLOv5 Algorithm with a RealSense Depth Camera
Authors: Li Maoyong , Huang Jiqiang , Xue Long , Zhang Ruiying 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Vision-based automatic welding guidance technology plays an essential role in robotic welding. A laser vision sensor (LVS) relies on manual intervention to guide the robot when near the workpiece, which reducesthe autonomy of the welding robot and productivity. To solve this problem, a robot welding guidance system based on an improved YOLOv5 algorithm with a RealSense Depth Camera was proposed. A coordinate attention (CA) module was embedded in the original YOLOv5 algorithm to improve the accuracy of weld groove detection. The center of the predicted frame of the weld groove in the pixel plane was combined with the depth information acquired by a RealSense depth camera to calculate the actual position of the weld groove. Subsequently, the robot was guided to approach and move over the workpiece. Then, the LVS was used to guide the welding torch installed at the end of the robot to move along the centerline of the weld groove and complete welding tasks. The feasibility of the proposed method was verified by experiments. The maximum error was 2.9 mm in guiding experiments conducted with a distance of 300 mm between the depth camera and the workpiece. The percentage error was within 2% in guidance experiments conducted with distances from 0.3 m to 2 m. The system combines the advantages of the depth camera for accurate positioning within a large field and the LVS for high accuracy. Once the position of the weld groove of the workpiece to be welded has been determined, the LVS combined with the robot can easily track the weld groove and realize the welding operation without manual intervention.
Musashi-2(MSI2) promotes neuroblastoma tumorigenesis through targeting MYC-mediated G6PD transcriptional activation
Authors: Jiang Ping , Zhang Ting , Wu Bin , Li Xiaoqing , Fu Mingpeng , Xu Banglao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most deadliest pediatric solid tumor due to its rapid proliferation. Aberrant expression of MYCN is deemed as the most remarkable feature for the predictive hallmark of NB progression and recurrence. However, the phenomenon that only detection of MYCN in the nearly 20% of NB patients hints that there should be other vital oncogenes in the progression of NB. Here, we firstly show that Musashi-2(MSI2) mRNA is augmented by analyzing public GEO datasets in the malignant stage according to International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stages. Although accumulating evidences uncover the emerging roles of MSI2(Musashi-2) in several cancers, the regulatory functions and underlying mechanisms of MSI2 in NB remain under-investigated. Herein, we identified that high-expressed MSI2 and low-expressed n-Myc group accounts for 43.1% of total NB clinical samples (n = 65). Meanwhile, MSI2 expression is profoundly upregulated along with NB malignancy and negatively associated with the survival outcome of NB patients in the NB tissue microarray (NB: n = 65;Ganglioneuroblastoma [GNB]: n = 31; Ganglioneuroma [GN]: n = 27). In vitro, our results revealed that MSI2 promoted migration, invasion, and proliferation of NB cells via enhancing pentose phosphate pathway. Mechanistically, MSI2 upregulated the key enzyme Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) via directly binding to 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of c-Myc mRNA to facilitate its stability, resulting in enhancing pentose phosphate pathway. Our findings reveal that MSI2 promotes pentose phosphate pathway via activating c-Myc-G6PD signaling, suggesting that MSI2 exhibits a novel and powerful target for the diagnosis and treatment of NB.
Application of pseudo-3D sub-bottom profile imaging technology in small submarine target detection
Authors: Li Tianguang , Huang Zhiqing , Zhang Xiaobo , Meng Fansheng , Pei Yifan , Guo Jiali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The sub-bottom profiler is a valuable tool for obtaining high-resolution shallow stratigraphic data in marine geological and geophysical surveys. To detect and acquire the structural characteristics of small submarine objects, we developed a data processing method that utilizes 2D data to construct a 3D structural model. We conducted application experiments using sub-bottom profile detection data from Chuanshan Islands, which were explored using China's most advanced unmanned exploration platform and commercial shallow formation profiling system. To generate high-resolution 3D seafloor structure models from recorded 2D sub-bottom profile data sets, we designed an optimal data processing sequence consisting of two stages: 2D data processing and 3D data processing. The 2D data processing stage includes spectrum analysis, band-pass filtering, matching filtering, time-varying gain, and surge correction. The 3D data processing stage includes ping location reallocation, static correction, and feature layer information extraction. In the final pseudo-3D sub-bottom profile time slice, the amplitude variation near the target body is very obvious. To further improve the precision of target body characterization, we used ArcScene 10.0 to create a 3D sub-bottom profile formation model spatial database. We constructed a submarine 3D formation structure model to show the 3D structural characteristics of the target body in detail, and identified a seabed target body measuring 6.4m × 9.2m × 10m.
Influenza activity and regional mortality for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kinslow Connor , Liu Yi , Zuev Konstantin M. , Chaudhary Kunal R. , Wang Tony J.C. , Donalek Ciro , Amori Michael , Cheng Simon K. , Wang Yuankun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and worldwide. While influenza illness is known to be particularly dangerous for frail and elderly patients, the relationship between influenza illness and outcomes in cancer patients remains largely unknown.
Methods:
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried to identify patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosed between 2009 and 2015. Influenza-like illness (ILI) activity, provided by the Outpatient Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network of the Center of Disease for Control and Prevention, was merged with the SEER dataset on the state-month level. Regional monthly mortality rates were compared during low versus high flu months.
Results:
202,485 patients with NSCLC from 13 SEER-reporting states were included in the analysis. 53 of 1,049 state-months (5.1%) had high flu activity. Monthly mortality rates during low and high flu months were 0.041 (95% CI 0.041 – 0.042) and 0.051 (95% CI 0.050 – 0.053), respectively (RR = 1.24 [95% CI 1.21 – 1.27]). The association between ILI activity and mortality was observed at the individual state level and in all clinical and regional subgroups.
Conclusion:
Increased influenza activity is associated with higher mortality rates for NSCLC patients. Vaccine-directed initiatives and increased awareness amongst providers will be necessary to address the growing but potentially preventable burden of influenza-related cancer deaths in the U.S.
Long-time preservation of correlations through the interactions among cavities as engineered environments
Authors: Berrada Kamal , Eleuch H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this present manuscript, we explore the possibility to preserve and manipulate of classical and quantum correlations initially present in a system of qubits, where each qubit is immersed in a cavity that is interacted with another cavity as an engineered environment. We consider the qubit entropy, entanglement of formation, quantum discord, and classical correlation for Markovian and non-Markovian regimes. We find that the correlations can be maintained and enhanced during the dynamics, which is a useful dynamical feature, by adjusting the strength coupling constant between cavities for weak- and strong- coupling regime (W- and S-CR). In particular, we have found that, for the case of perfect cavities, high values of correlations can be achieved during the evolution with respect to the strength coupling between cavities. The obtained results can provide more hints for future studies on the control of correlations with optimal conditions. By a specific selection of the model parameters, long-time preservation of correlations can be achieved without being affected by the decoherence.