bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures zur Erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität bei Patienten mit Stimm- und Schluckstörungen
Authors: Bohlender Jörg E. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungStandardisierte und validierte Patientenbefragungen in Form von Fragebögen haben in der HNO-Heilkunde eine zunehmende Bedeutung. Die subjektive Bewertung von Symptomen und funktionellen Einschränkungen, aber auch der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität lassen sich mit sog. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROM) erfragen. Diese Erhebungsinstrumente können neben der Anamnese und den objektiven Befunden als weitere wichtige Quelle zur Qualitätssicherung einer patientenzentrierten Versorgung genutzt werden. Im deutschsprachigen Raum gibt es mittlerweile einige PROM, die gezielt die Patientenperspektive bei Stimm- und Schluckstörungen erfragen. Bei Stimmpatienten werden v. a. die folgenden Fragebögen auf Basis des Voice Handicap Index (VHI), die auch international eingesetzt werden, angewandt: VHI-30, VHI-12i, VHI-9i. Im Bereich der oropharyngealen Dysphagie werden derzeit überwiegend die deutschen Versionen des Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), des Sydney Swallow Questionnaire, SSQ (SSQ-G), des Swallowing Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (SWAL-QoL) und des MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) eingesetzt.
Associations of continuum beliefs with personality disorder stigma: correlational and experimental evidence
Authors: Stricker Johannes , Jakob Louisa , Pietrowsky Reinhard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A pervasive and deeply entrenched stigma of personality disorders exists. For other mental disorders, a large body of research suggests that continuum beliefs (i.e., the endorsement of continuum perspectives on mental health and psychopathology) stimulate more favorable attitudes toward affected persons. Additionally, mental disorder classification systems increasingly incorporate continuous personality disorder models. Yet, it is unclear how continuum beliefs are related to personality disorder stigma. This study evaluated the link of continuum beliefs with personality disorder stigma based on correlational and experimental data.

Methods
A large general population sample (N = 848) completed self-report measures of continuum beliefs regarding personality disorders, desired social distance, and prejudice toward persons with personality disorders. Additionally, participants were randomly presented with information supporting a continuous or a dichotomous view of personality disorders.

Results
Continuum beliefs were associated with lower desired social distance (r = − 0.19) and prejudice (r = − 0.22). Additionally, the brief continuum intervention was associated with increased continuum beliefs (d = 0.99) and decreased desired social distance (d = − 0.14) and prejudice (d = − 0.17). Finally, the intervention effects on desired social distance and prejudice were mediated by continuum beliefs.

Conclusion
This study suggests that highlighting continuum views on personality disorders in public communication and interventions might reduce personality disorder stigma.
Electrostatic levitations of anisotropic dielectric oblate and prolate spheroids
Authors: Spałek Dariusz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe paper presents analytical approach to electrostatic field for dielectric spheroids problem. For both oblate and prolate spheroids fields distributions are derived. The variable separation method is applied. Electrostatic force is evaluated with the help of the Maxwell stress tensor generalized method, material force density, coenergy and equivalent dipole. Levitation forces for both oblate and prolate dielectric spheroids versus axis permittivities and spheroids height are presented.
Helicobacter pylori in the post-antibiotics era: from virulence factors to new drug targets and therapeutic agents
Authors: Al-Fakhrany Omnia Momtaz , Elekhnawy Engy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori is considered one of the most prevalent human pathogenic microbes globally. It is the main cause of a number of gastrointestinal ailments, including peptic and duodenal ulcers, and gastric tumors with high mortality rates. Thus, eradication of H. pylori is necessary to prevent gastric cancer. Still, the rise in antibiotic resistance is the most important challenge for eradication strategies. Better consideration of H. pylori virulence factors, pathogenesis, and resistance is required for better eradication rates and, thus, prevention of gastrointestinal malignancy. This article is aimed to show the role of virulence factors of H. pylori. Some are involved in its survival in the harsh environment of the human gastric lumen, and others are related to pathogenesis and the infection process. Furthermore, this work has highlighted the recent advancement in H. pylori treatment, as well as antibiotic resistance as a main challenge in H. pylori eradication. Also, we tried to provide an updated summary of the evolving H. pylori control strategies and the potential alternative drugs to fight this lethal resistant pathogen. Recent studies have focused on evaluating the efficacy of alternative regimens (such as sequential, hybrid, concomitant treatment, vonoprazan (VPZ)-based triple therapy, high-dose PPI-amoxicillin dual therapy, probiotics augmented triple therapy, or in combination with BQT) in the effective eradication of H. pylori. Thus, innovating new anti-H. pylori drugs and establishing H. pylori databanks are upcoming necessities in the near future.
Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1, apoptosis and oxidative stress signaling pathways by gabapentin ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Abdelnaser Mahmoud , Alaaeldin Rania , Attya Mina Ezzat , Fathy Moustafa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Globally, sepsis, which is a major health issue resulting from severe infection-induced inflammation, is the fifth biggest cause of death. This research aimed to evaluate, for the first time, the molecular effects of gabapentin's possible nephroprotective potential on septic rats by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

Methods
Sepsis was produced by CLP in male Wistar rats. Evaluations of histopathology and renal function were conducted. MDA, SOD, GSH, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured. qRT-PCR was utilized to determine the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and NF-kB genes. The expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins was examined by western blotting.

Results
CLP caused acute renal damage, elevated the blood levels of creatinine, BUN, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, reduced the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins and the Bcl-2 gene expression, and upregulated NF-kB and Bax genes. Nevertheless, gabapentin dramatically diminished the degree of the biochemical, molecular, and histopathological alterations generated by CLP. Gabapentin reduced the levels of proinflammatory mediators and MDA, improved renal content of GSH and SOD, raised the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 proteins and Bcl-2 gene, and reduced the renal expression of NF-kB and Bax genes.

Conclusion
Gabapentin mitigated the CLP-induced sepsis-related acute kidney injury through up-regulating Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway, repressing apoptosis, and attenuating the oxidative stress status by reducing the levels of the proinflammatory mediators and enhancing the antioxidant status.
Study on the mechanism of puerarin against osteoarthritis from ferroptosis based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics
Authors: Deng Wenxiang , Zhang Wenan , He Qinghu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNetwork pharmacology and bioinformatics were used to study puerarin’s molecular mechanism in treating osteoarthritis from the perspective of ferroptosis, revealing a new treatment target. Ferroptosis-related targets were obtained from FerrDb. Puerarin action targets were retrieved from TCMSP, Pharmmappe, SwissTargetPrediction, and Targetnet databases, and supplemented with PubMed. The gene expression profiles of GSE12021, GSE55235, and GSE82107 were obtained using “Osteoarthritis” as the search term in the GEO database, and the differential expression gene screening analysis was performed for osteoarthritis. The intersection targets between puerarin, iron death, and osteoarthritis were obtained using Venn diagrams. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted with R software. Molecular docking and visualization of puerarin and core targets were performed using Autodock Vina and PyMol software. The effects of puerarin on the cell viability and the TNFα, IL6, and Ilβ levels of human inflammation articular chondrocytes were tested in vitro experiments. Puerarin, ferroptosis, and osteoarthritis share four targets: PLIN2, PTGS2, VEGFA, and IL6. GO enrichment analysis showed that puerarin maintained the blood-brain barrier, regulated peptide serine phosphorylation, and had anti-inflammatory effects. KEGG analysis showed that puerarin’s anti-inflammatory effects were mainly through VEGF, IL-17, C-type lectin receptor, HIF-1, TNF, and other signaling pathways. Puerarin closely bound PLIN2, PTGS2, VEGFA, and IL6 targets in molecular docking. In vitro, puerarin prevented osteoarthritis. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics explained puerarin’s multi-target and multi-pathway treatment of OA, which may be related to ferroptosis, and confirmed its anti-inflammatory effect.
Structure and enzymatic characterization of CelD endoglucanase from the anaerobic fungus Piromyces finnis
Authors: Dementiev Alexey , Lillington Stephen P. , Jin Shiyan , Kim Youngchang , Jedrzejczak Robert , Michalska Karolina , Joachimiak Andrzej , O’Malley Michelle A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Anaerobic fungi found in the guts of large herbivores are prolific biomass degraders whose genomes harbor a wealth of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), of which only a handful are structurally or biochemically characterized. Here, we report the structure and kinetic rate parameters for a glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 5 subfamily 4 enzyme (CelD) from Piromyces finnis, a modular, cellulosome-incorporated endoglucanase that possesses three GH5 domains followed by two C-terminal fungal dockerin domains (double dockerin). We present the crystal structures of an apo wild-type CelD GH5 catalytic domain and its inactive E154A mutant in complex with cellotriose at 2.5 and 1.8 Å resolution, respectively, finding the CelD GH5 catalytic domain adopts the (β/α)8-barrel fold common to many GH5 enzymes. Structural superimposition of the apo wild-type structure with the E154A mutant-cellotriose complex supports a catalytic mechanism in which the E154 carboxylate side chain acts as an acid/base and E278 acts as a complementary nucleophile. Further analysis of the cellotriose binding pocket highlights a binding groove lined with conserved aromatic amino acids that when docked with larger cellulose oligomers is capable of binding seven glucose units and accommodating branched glucan substrates. Activity analyses confirm P. finnis CelD can hydrolyze mixed linkage glucan and xyloglucan, as well as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Measured kinetic parameters show the P. finnis CelD GH5 catalytic domain has CMC endoglucanase activity comparable to other fungal endoglucanases with kcat = 6.0 ± 0.6 s−1 and Km = 7.6 ± 2.1 g/L CMC. Enzyme kinetics were unperturbed by the addition or removal of the native C-terminal dockerin domains as well as the addition of a non-native N-terminal dockerin, suggesting strict modularity among the domains of CelD.

Key points
• Anaerobic fungi host a wealth of industrially useful enzymes but are understudied.
• P. finnis CelD has endoglucanase activity and structure common to GH5_4 enzymes.
• CelD’s kinetics do not change with domain fusion, exhibiting high modularity.
National Surgical Healthcare Policy Development and Implementation: Where do We Stand in Africa?
Authors: Bekele Abebe , Alayande Barnabas Tobi , Powell Britany L. , Obi Nkeiruka , Seyi‐Olajide Justina O. , Riviello Robert R. , Ntirenganya Faustin , Ameh Emmanuel A. , Makasa Emmanuel M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNational surgical policies have been increasingly adopted by African countries over the past decade. This report is intended to provide an overview of the current state of adoption of national surgical healthcare policies in Africa, and to draw a variety of lessons from representative surgical plans in order to support transnational learning.MethodsThrough a desk review of available African national surgical healthcare plans and written contributions from a committee comprising six African surgical policy development experts, a few key lessons from five healthcare plans were outlined and iteratively reviewed.ResultsThe current state of national surgical healthcare policies across Africa was visually mapped, and lessons from a few compelling examples are highlighted. These include the power of initiative from Senegal; regional leadership from Zambia; contextualization, and renewal of commitment from Ethiopia; multidisciplinary focus and creation of multiple implementation entry points from Nigeria; partnerships and involvement of multiple stakeholders from Rwanda; and the challenge of surgical policy financing from Tanzania. The availability of global expertise, the power of global partnerships, and the critical role of health ministries and Ministers of Health in planning and implementation have also been highlighted.ConclusionsStrategic planning for surgical healthcare improvement is at various stages across the continent, with potential for countries to learn from one another. Convenings of stakeholders and Ministers of Health from countries at various stages of strategic surgical plan development, execution, and evaluation can enhance African surgical policy development through the exchange of ideas, lessons, and experiences.
„Nun sag’, wie hast du’s mit der Klimakrise?“
Authors: Gebhardt Nadja , Saur Clara , Herrmann Beate , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Nikendei Christoph 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der Klimawandel wirkt sich vielfach negativ auf die menschliche Gesundheit aus. Mit seinem Fortschreiten wird auch sein Einfluss auf die Arbeit von Psychotherapeut:innen immer deutlicher. Es ist unklar, inwieweit der Anspruch, die soziokulturelle Lebensgrundlage der Patient:innen zu erhalten, Einfluss auf die individuelle psychotherapeutische Behandlung haben kann oder sollte.

Fragestellung
Auf welche Art nimmt der Klimawandel Einfluss auf das psychotherapeutische Setting, und wie ist damit umzugehen?

Methoden
Verschiedene Szenarien der Thematisierung des Klimawandels durch Patient:in oder Therapeut:in werden vor dem Hintergrund der therapeutischen Beziehung und Normen und Werten in der Psychotherapie diskutiert.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Eine Thematisierung kann im Einklang mit dem Behandlungsauftrag und ethischen Richtlinien sein. Je nach Situation können verschiedene Normen und Werte konfligieren, und es obliegt den Therapeut:innen, diese abzuwägen.
Efficacy of co-loading Ag nanoparticles and metronidazole in PEG–gelatin-based sponges for the treatment of chronic wounds
Authors: Alven Sibusiso , Adeyemi S. A. , Ubanako P. , Ndinteh D. T. , Choonara Y. E. , Aderibigbe B. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolymer-based sponges loaded with antibacterial agents are potential wound dressings ideal for treating bacteria-infected wounds. Gelatin/poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) sponge-based wound dressings loaded with metronidazole and Ag nanoparticles with different degrees of cross-linking were prepared, and their capability to treat infected wounds in vitro was evaluated. The degree of cross-linking of the sponges varied, and the porosity of the sponges was in the range of 15.64–91.10%. The amount of gelatin used to prepare the sponges influenced the porosity of the sponges. The sponges displayed an initial burst drug release of metronidazole followed by a sustained release profile. The sponges exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The % cell viability of the sponges was in the range of 71.17–86.10%, indicating distinguished biocompatibility. The in vitro experiment showed that the sponge loaded with metronidazole, SAM2%, displayed a significant reduction of 66.68% in the scratch area compared to the sponge loaded with a combination of silver nanoparticles and metronidazole with a closure rate of 46.61% at 96 h. The promising features of the sponges indicate that they are potential wound dressings for treating infected wounds.
PlayNet: real-time handball play classification with Kalman embeddings and neural networks
Authors: Mures Omar A. , Taibo Javier , Padrón Emilio J. , Iglesias-Guitian Jose A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReal-time play recognition and classification algorithms are crucial for automating video production and live broadcasts of sporting events. However, current methods relying on human pose estimation and deep neural networks introduce high latency on commodity hardware, limiting their usability in low-cost real-time applications. We present PlayNet, a novel approach to real-time handball play classification. Our method is based on Kalman embeddings, a new low-dimensional representation for game states that enables efficient operation on commodity hardware and customized camera layouts. Firstly, we leverage Kalman filtering to detect and track the main agents in the playing field, allowing us to represent them in a single normalized coordinate space. Secondly, we utilize a neural network trained in nonlinear dimensionality reduction through fuzzy topological data structure analysis. As a result, PlayNet achieves real-time play classification with under 55 ms of latency on commodity hardware, making it a promising addition to automated live broadcasting and game analysis pipelines.
A diet containing cod backbone proteins attenuated the development of mesangial sclerosis and tubular dysfunction in male obese BTBR ob/ob mice
Authors: O’Keeffe Maria , Oterhals Åge , Weishaupt Hrafn , Leh Sabine , Ulvik Arve , Ueland Per Magne , Halstensen Alfred , Marti Hans-Peter , Gudbrandsen Oddrun Anita 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The obese black and tan, brachyuric (BTBR) ob/ob mouse spontaneously develops features comparable to human diabetic nephropathy. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate if a diet containing fish proteins would attenuate or delay the development of glomerular hypertrophy (glomerulomegaly), mesangial sclerosis and albuminuria in obese BTBR ob/ob mice.

Methods
Obese BTBR.CgLepob/WiscJ male mice were fed diets containing 25% of protein from Atlantic cod backbones and 75% of protein from casein (Cod-BB group), or casein as the sole protein source (control group). Kidneys were analysed morphologically, and markers for renal dysfunction were analysed biochemically in urine and serum.

Results
The Cod-BB diet attenuated the development of mesangial sclerosis (P 0.040) without affecting the development of glomerular hypertrophy and albuminuria. The urine concentration of cystatin C (relative to creatinine) was lower in mice fed the Cod-BB diet (P 0.0044).

Conclusion
A diet containing cod backbone protein powder attenuated the development of mesangial sclerosis and tubular dysfunction in obese BTBR ob/ob mice, but did not prevent the development of glomerular hypertrophy and albuminuria in these mice.
NFSDense201: microstructure image classification based on non-fixed size patch division with pre-trained DenseNet201 layers
Authors: Barua Prabal Datta , Dogan Sengul , Kavuran Gurkan , Tuncer Turker , Tan Ru-San , Rajendra Acharya U. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the field of nanoscience, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) is widely employed to visualize the surface topography and composition of materials. In this study, we present a novel SEM image classification model called NFSDense201, which incorporates several key components. Firstly, we propose a unique nested patch division approach that divides each input image into four patches of varying dimensions. Secondly, we utilize DenseNet201, a deep neural network pretrained on ImageNet1k, to extract 2920 deep features from the last fully connected and global average pooling layers. Thirdly, we introduce an iterative neighborhood component analysis function to select the most discriminative features from the merged feature vector, which is formed by concatenating the four feature vectors extracted per input image. This process results in a final feature vector of optimal length 698. Lastly, we employ a standard shallow support vector machine classifier to perform the actual classification. To evaluate the performance of NFSDense201, we conducted experiments using a large public SEM image dataset. The dataset consists of 972, 162, 326, 4590, 3820, 3925, 4755, 181, 917, and 1624.jpeg images belonging to the following microstructural categories: “biological,” “fibers,” “film-coated surfaces,” “MEMS devices and electrodes,” “nanowires,” “particles,” “pattern surfaces,” “porous sponge,” “powder,” and “tips,” respectively. For both four-class and ten-class classification tasks, we evaluated NFSDense201 using subsets of the dataset containing 5080 and 21,272 images, respectively. The results demonstrate the superior performance of NFSDense201, achieving a four-class classification accuracy rate of 99.53% and a ten-class classification accuracy rate of 97.09%. These accuracy rates compare favorably against previously published SEM image classification models. Additionally, we report the performance of NFSDense201 for each class in the dataset.
Analysis of the different influence between initial/boundary and physical perturbation during ensemble forecast of fog
Authors: Wang Xuelian , Qiu Xiaobin , Wu Bingui , Dong Qiru , Liu Lili , Li Yinghua , Tian Meng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo explore the different effects of initial/boundary condition (ICBC) and physical perturbation during fog ensemble forecast, ensemble forecast experiments are done for a heavy fog episode from December 31, 2016 to January 2, 2017. Three ensemble schemes [ICBC, multi-physics (MPY), and a combination of ICBC and MPY (COM)] were compared. Their forecast performances are analyzed in detail and compared with the reference deterministic forecast. The results show that all ensemble schemes, especially the COM, are able to noticeably improve fog prediction. The TS score of ensemble-based fog forecast with 50% probability threshold is higher than that of the control deterministic prediction by ~ 26%. Compared with the ICBC scheme, the MPY scheme can produce a larger ensemble spread and has more skill in fog and the near-surface variables forecast. When ICBC and MPY are combined (the COM scheme), the ensemble spread is enhanced and the prediction performance is also further improved. The sensitivity experiments of different physical parameterization schemes are also analyzed among microphysics, planetary boundary layer, and land surface. The fog forecast is found to be most sensitive to the land surface scheme, followed by planetary boundary layer scheme, and the least sensitive to microphysics.
Imperfect collusion in monitored markets with free entry
Authors: von Auer Ludwig , Pham Tu Anh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurveys of antitrust cases reveal that colluding firms usually (1) attempt to minimise the risk of prosecution, (2) achieve merely imperfect levels of collusion, (3) compete against some independently acting firms, and (4) adjust to market entries and exits. In contrast, existing oligopoly models neglect some of the four listed stylised facts and, thus, overlook important interdependencies between them. Therefore, the present paper develops a general quantity leadership model that simultaneously accommodates all four stylised facts. The model is a three-stage game in which each firm must make three consecutive decisions: market entry or not, collusion or not, and output quantity. The framework is augmented by an antitrust authority that ensures free market access. In addition, the antitrust authority may directly obstruct collusion and it may threaten prosecution. The results of this study indicate that the latter two instruments are rather ineffective.