bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MALAT1/miR‐185‐5p mediated high glucose‐induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the RhoA/ROCK pathway
Authors: Wang Ting , Li Na , Yuan Lingling , Zhao Mengnan , Li Guizhi , Chen Yanxia , Zhou Hong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo explore the underlying mechanism of lncRNA MALAT1 in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). DCM models were confirmed in db/db mice. MiRNAs in myocardium were detected by miRNA sequencing. The interactions of miR‐185‐5p with MALAT1 and RhoA were validated by dual‐luciferase reporter assays. Primary neonatal cardiomyocytes were cultured with 5.5 or 30 mmol/L D‐glucose (HG) in the presence or absence of MALAT1‐shRNA and fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor. MALAT1 and miR‐185‐5p expression were determined by real‐time quantitative PCR. The apoptotic cardiomyocytes were evaluated using flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. SOD activity and MDA contents were measured. The ROCK activity, phosphorylation of Drp1S616, mitofusin 2 and apoptosis‐related proteins were analysed by Western blotting. Mitochondrial membrane potential was examined by JC‐1. MALAT1 was significantly up‐regulated while miR‐185‐5p was down‐regulated in myocardium of db/db mice and HG‐induced cardiomyocytes. MALAT1 regulated RhoA/ROCK pathway via sponging miR‐185‐5p in cardiomyocytes in HG. Knockdown of MALAT1 and fasudil all inhibited HG‐induced oxidative stress, and alleviated imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction, accompanied by reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. MALAT1 activated the RhoA/ROCK pathway via sponging miR‐185‐5p and mediated HG‐induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in mice.
miR‐31 ameliorates type 2 diabetic vascular damage through up‐regulation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α/vascular endothelial growth factor‐A
Authors: Fu Yuan , Du Ruochen , Wang Yufei , Yuan Yitong , Zhang Yujuan , Wang Chunfang , Zhang Xuanping 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTAimsmicroRNA may be a new therapeutic direction for diabetes. As a typical tumor marker, miR‐31 is involved in a variety of metabolic diseases, but the specific role is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of miR‐31 on type 2 diabetes mellitus and its accompanying vascular injury, as well as on the effects of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α inhibitor (HIF1AN), hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A expression in vitro and in vivo.Materials and MethodsIn vitro, a model of high‐fat and high‐glucose‐induced human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) injury was established to simulate diabetes mellitus (DM). Cell functions were compared between the control group, the DM damage group, and the group transfected with miR‐31 after DM damage. In vivo, overexpressing miR‐31 FVB mice and FVB mice were divided into the control and induced type 2 diabetes mellitus groups. Type 2 diabetes mellitus models were induced by a high‐fat diet combined with streptozotocin. The lipid metabolism levels, viscera, and vascular damage were compared between the control and type 2 diabetes mellitus groups.ResultsIn vitro, miR‐31 improved the proliferation ability of damaged cells by targeting HIF1AN and up‐regulating the expression of HIF‐1α and VEGF‐A. In vivo, miR‐31 ameliorated the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, disturbance of glucose and lipid metabolism, and damage to some organs. Meanwhile, miR‐31 had a protective effect on vascular damage complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus by increasing the levels of HIF‐1α and VEGF‐A.ConclusionOur experiments show that miR‐31 can delay the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus and ameliorate diabetic vascular injury.
Urinary epidermal growth factor levels correlate with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy indices in adults with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Lin Yu Kuei , Tanner Emily , Wang Yuee , Ye Wen , Ang Lynn , Ju Wenjun , Pop‐Busui Rodica 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe relationship between urinary endothelial growth factor (uEGF) and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in adults with type 1 diabetes was evaluated. uEGF levels at baseline and standardized CAN measures were collected at baseline and annually for 3 years for type 1 diabetes adults. Linear regression analysis and linear mixed effects model were used for analysis. In this cohort (n = 44, 59% women, mean ± standard deviation age 34 ± 13 years and diabetes duration 14 ± 6 years), lower baseline uEGF levels correlated with lower baseline expiration : inspiration ratios (P = 0.03) and greater annual declines in Valsalva ratios (P = 0.02) in the unadjusted model, and correlated with lower low‐frequency power : high‐frequency power ratios (P = 0.01) and greater annual changes in low‐frequency power : high‐frequency power ratios (P = 0.01) after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and hemoglobin A1C. In conclusion, baseline uEGF levels correlate to baseline and longitudinal changes in CAN indices. A large‐scale, long‐term study is needed to validate uEGF as a reliable CAN biomarker.
Result reporting and early discontinuation of sepsis trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Hu Handan , Wang Xinyi , Huang Peng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveSepsis is a leading cause of death from infectious disease or traumatic injury. The prevalence and predictor of results underreporting and early stop of sepsis clinical trials remain poorly studied. To fill the gap, we designed this study to characterize sepsis clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, particularly to recognize features related to premature discontinuation and lack of results reporting.MethodsWe searched ClinicalTrials.gov to include interventional sepsis trials up to July 8, 2022. All structured data of the identified trials were extracted and reviewed. A descriptive analysis was conducted. Cox and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the significance of the association of trial characteristics with early termination and lack of results reporting.ResultsA total of 1654 records were identified, among which 1061 eligible trials were reserved. Results underreporting happened in 91.6% of these sepsis interventional trials. 12.0% were discontinued. Moreover, factors that led to the higher risk of discontinuation were the US‐registered clinical research and the small sample size. The factor that contributed to results underreporting was non‐US‐registered clinical trials.ConclusionThe frequent discontinuation and underreporting of sepsis trials have highly impaired the progress of sepsis management and studies. Therefore, solutions to early discontinuation and improving the quality of results dissemination remain an urgent problem.
Effect of contamination and decontamination methods on the bond strength of adhesive systems to dentin: A systematic review
Authors: Bourgi Rim , Cuevas‐Suarez Carlos Enrique , Devoto Walter , Monjarás‐Ávila Ana Josefina , Monteiro Paulo , Kharma Khalil , Lukomska‐Szymanska Monika , Hardan Louis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn a suitable condition, it is important to perform any dental restorative procedure using an operatory field isolated. Then, the aim of this study was to compare the bond strength of composite restorations to dentin affected by any contamination agent through a systematic review.MethodsThis systematic review was performed following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search was conducted until September 2022 by scanning the following databases: Embase, PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, and Web of Science. Manuscripts evaluated the bond strength of resin‐based materials to permanent human dentin contaminated with blood or saliva were selected for full‐text review. The risk of bias was assessed by the RoBDEMAT tool.ResultsA total of 3750 papers resulted from the search from all databases. After the full‐text reading, a total of 62 articles remained for the qualitative analysis. The contamination agents used were blood, saliva, and hemostatic agents. A great variety of protocols were used to contaminate the dentin surface, and the contamination process occurred in several steps of the bonding process, including before and after the etching process, after the primer application and after the adhesive application. Also, several decontamination procedures were tested, including reapplication of the etching material, rinsing with water, chlorhexidine or sodium hypochlorite and reapplication of the adhesive system.ConclusionAny contamination with blood or saliva impaired the bond strength of resin‐based materials to dentin. Decontamination procedures including water‐spray and reapplication of the bonding system could revert the impairment produced by the saliva or blood contamination. The use of hemostatic agents as a method of blood decontamination is not recommended.Clinical SignificanceClinicians should avoid contamination during a bonding procedure, otherwise, a reduction in the bond quality is expected.
CAD‐CAM and analog occlusal splints comparison based on the amount of occlusal adjustments. 3D analysis of the volumetric changes: A pilot study
Authors: Blasi Alvaro , Henarejos‐Domingo Víctor , Palacios‐Bañuelos Ricardo , Vidal‐Ponsoda Carla , Aparicio Conrado , Roig Miguel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the volumetric changes on occlusal surface of computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) occlusal devices fabricated following a fully digital workflow after occlusal adjustment, compared to those fabricated with an analog workflow.Materials and MethodsEight participants were included in this clinical pilot study, receiving two different occlusal devices fabricated with two different workflows, fully analog and fully digital. Every occlusal device was scanned before and after the occlusal adjustments to compare the volumetric changes using a reverse engineering software program. Moreover, three independent evaluators assessed a semi‐quantitative and qualitative comparison using visual analog scale and dichotomous evaluation. The Shapiro–Wilk test was performed to validate normal distribution assumption, and a dependent t‐Student test for paired variables was used to determine statistically significant differences (p‐value < 0.05).ResultsThe root mean square value was extracted from the 3‐Dimensional (3D) analysis of the occlusal devices. The average values of the root mean square were higher for the analogic technique (0.23 ± 0.10 mm) than the digital technique (0.14 ± 0.07 mm) but the differences were not statistically significant (paired t‐Student test; p = 0.106) between the two fabrication techniques. The semiquantitative visual analog scale values between the impression for the digital (5.08 ± 2.4 cm) and analog (3.80 ± 3.3 cm) technique were significant (p < 0.001), and statistically significant differences values were assessed for evaluator 3 compared to the other evaluators (p < 0.05). However, the three evaluators agreed on the qualitative dichotomous evaluation in 62% of the cases, and at least two evaluators agreed in 100% of the evaluations.ConclusionsOcclusal devices fabricated following a fully digital workflow resulted in fewer occlusal adjustments, as they could be a valid alternative to those fabricated following an analog workflow.Clinical SignificanceFabricated occlusal devices following a fully digital workflow could have some advantages over analog workflow such reduce occlusal adjustments at delivery appointment, which can result in reduced chair time and therefore increased comfort for the patient and clinician.
Agent‐based modeling and simulation for the circular economy: Lessons learned and path forward
Authors: Walzberg Julien , Frayret Jean‐Marc , Eberle Annika L. , Carpenter Alberta , Heath Garvin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCircular economy aims at decoupling human activities from resource use and creating wealth. However, many have questioned the link between increased circularity and sustainability, resulting in several methodological approaches being developed to answer that question. This article analyzes and discusses the insights gained from applying agent‐based modeling and simulation to study the techno‐economic and social conditions promoting circularity and sustainability. This article analyzes the benefits and limitations of this technology and discusses future methodology developments within the circular economy context. Moreover, six limits of the circular economy concept are used to interpret insights from the literature: thermodynamic limits, system boundary limits, limits posed by the physical scale of the economy, limits posed by path dependencies and lock‐in, limits of governance and management, and limits of social and cultural definitions. Promising research avenues are to use this methodology with machine learning, industrial ecology methods, and detailed geographic information.
Disrupting Racism in Ontario Midwifery
Authors: Aseffa Feben , Mehari Lwam , Gure Faduma , Ahmed Sumaya 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThere are a limited number of Canadian studies that explore the experiences of racism among health care providers who are Black, Indigenous, or people of color (BIPOC), and specifically within the context of midwifery in Ontario. More information is needed to better understand how to achieve racial equity and justice at all levels of the midwifery profession.MethodsSemistructured key informant interviews were conducted with racialized midwives in Ontario to understand how racism manifests in the midwifery profession and to conduct a needs assessment of interventions required. The researchers used thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes within the data and to develop a better understanding of participants' experiences and perspectives.ResultsTen racialized midwives participated in key informant interviews. The vast majority of participants reported experiences of racism in their work as a midwife, including being subject to or witnessing racism from clients and colleagues, tokenism, and exclusionary hiring practices. More than half of participants also emphasized their commitment to providing culturally concordant care for BIPOC clients. Participants relayed that access to BIPOC‐centered gatherings, workshops, peer reviews, conferences, support groups, and mentorship opportunities constitute important supports for improving diversity and equity in midwifery. They also expressed a need for midwives and midwifery organizations to actively work to disrupt racism and the power structures in midwifery that enable racial inequity to proliferate.DiscussionThe manifestations of racism in midwifery have negative impacts on the career trajectory, career satisfaction, interpersonal relationships, and well‐being of BIPOC midwives. It is crucial to understand the role of racism in midwifery and make meaningful changes toward dismantling interpersonal and systemic racism in the profession. These progressive changes will serve to create a more diverse and equitable profession, where all midwives can belong and thrive.
Towards a Sociology of Moral Giving: Social Motivations and Functions of Acts of Donation
Authors: Eyigunlu Melek 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a theoretical approach to the sociology of moral giving. ‘Moral giving’ is a novel term introduced to cover acts of charity, philanthropy, and suchlike, both individual and as associated with donor institutions, such as family foundations and civil society organisations. A topic in moral philosophy for centuries, it has sociological aspects that have not been well studied. Inevitably, there is a complex range of functions motivating moral‐giving actions, including the social ends (benefits, rewards, etc.) that motivate donors. Assuming not to distinguish between motive and function as (potential) drivers, this study presents an analysis of the social motivations of moral giving from an integrative perspective. First, a particularist approach is considered and a novel synthesis of the micro‐macro dichotomy is outlined. Then, five major motivations or perspectives on moral giving are identified – those of religion, exchange relations, solidarity, rational choice, and social capital – and their micro/macro orientations and intersecting functions are briefly reviewed. An integrative model is thereby developed that incorporates mutually transitive relations between macro structures and micro agents and between the various social motives of moral giving.
Centric relation—A biological perspective of a technical concept
Authors: Manfredini Daniele , Ercoli Carlo , Poggio Carlo E. , Carboncini Fabio , Ferrari Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew terms and concepts have been so extensively debated in dentistry as the words ‘centric relation’ (CR). Debates involve its biological, diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness.MethodsA review of the literature on the current concepts on CR as a diagnostic or therapeutic aid in dentistry was provided. Clinical trials assessing the superiority of one CR recording method over the others to identify patients with temporomandibular disorders (diagnostic use) or to manage patients with prosthodontic or orthodontic needs (therapeutic use) were tentatively included.ResultsDue to the absence of literature addressing either of the above targets, a comprehensive overview was provided. The diagnostic use of CR as a reference position to identify the correct position of the temporomandibular joint condyle within the glenoid fossa is not supported and lacks anatomical support. From a therapeutic standpoint, the use of CR can be pragmatically useful in prosthodontics as a maxillo‐mandibular reference position when occlusal re‐organization is warranted and/or when the position of maximum intercuspation is no longer available.ConclusionsThe derived occlusal goals from a diagnostic misuse of CR are generally the result of circular reasoning, that is a technique is based on the recording of a certain condylar position that is believed to be ‘ideal’ and the treatment is considered successful when such position is shown by the specific instrument that was manufactured for that purpose. The term ‘Centric Relation’ might be replaced with the term ‘Maxillo‐Mandibular Utility Position’.
The role of student–teacher relationships in the association between negative parenting practices and emotion dynamics – Combining longitudinal and ecological momentary assessment data
Authors: Talty Anna , Speyer Lydia G. , Eisner Manuel P. , Ribeaud Denis , Murray Aja L. , Obsuth Ingrid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEmotion dysregulation is increasingly implicated as a transdiagnostic risk factor in the etiology of mental health problems. This project aimed to explore the links between emotion regulation, negative parenting and student–teacher relationships using longitudinal and ecologically valid data. A sample of n = 209 young people enrolled in the ‘Decades‐to‐Minutes’ (D2M) study, based in Zurich, Switzerland, provided data from the ages of 7–20 via parent‐ and self‐report questionnaires and ecological momentary assessment. Data were analyzed using Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling (DSEM). Worse student–teacher relationships predicted increased negative affectivity and emotional lability. Negative parenting practices predicted emotional lability only via their impact on student–teacher relationships. The findings point to worse student–teacher relationships as risk factors in the socioemotional development of children and young people.
Adolescent experiences with online racial discrimination: Implications for prevention and coping
Authors: Liby Calista , Doty Jennifer L. , Mehari Krista R. , Abbas Ismat , Su Yi‐Wen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOnline aggression represents a wide range of negative experiences, including online discrimination targeting individuals based on race, but adolescent perspectives are not well‐represented. We interviewed 15 adolescents regarding their experiences with online racial discrimination. After a phenomenological analysis, four main themes emerged: types of online racial aggression, processes supporting online racism, personal coping, and strategies to prevent online racial aggression. These themes provided insights into adolescent experiences, including feelings about targeted online racial discrimination, intersectionality with sexual harassment, and comfort through processing with friends. This study highlights adolescents' thoughts regarding advocacy, education, and social media reform to prevent online racial aggression. Future research should ensure that youth voices from minoritized racial backgrounds are integrated into efforts to address these critical social issues.
Shaping the phycosphere: Analysis of the EPS in diatom‐bacterial co‐cultures
Authors: Daly Giulia , Decorosi Francesca , Viti Carlo , Adessi Alessandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe phycosphere is a unique niche that fosters complex interactions between microalgae and associated bacteria. The formation of this extracellular environment, and the associated bacterial biodiversity, is heavily influenced by the secretion of extracellular polymers, primarily driven by phototrophic organisms. The exopolysaccharides (EPS) represent the largest fraction of the microalgae‐derived exudates, which can be specifically used by heterotrophic bacteria as substrates for metabolic processes. Furthermore, it has been proposed that bacteria and their extracellular factors play a role in both the release and composition of the EPS. In this study, two model microorganisms, the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum CCAP 1055/15 and the bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC125, were co‐cultured in a dual system to assess how their interactions modify the phycosphere chemical composition by analyzing the EPS monosaccharide profile released in the culture media by the two partners. We demonstrate that microalgal–bacterial interactions in this simplified model significantly influenced the architecture of their extracellular environment. We observed that the composition of the exo‐environment, as described by the EPS monosaccharide profiles, varied under different culture conditions and times of incubation. This study reports an initial characterization of the molecular modifications occurring in the extracellular environment surrounding two relevant representatives of marine systems.
Development of preparation methods of polished sections of returned samples from asteroid Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft
Authors: Nakashima Daisuke , Fujioka Yuri , Katayama Kanchi , Morita Tomoyo , Kikuiri Mizuha , Amano Kana , Kagawa Eiichi , Nakamura Tomoki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPreparation procedures of polished sections of the Ryugu samples returned by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft were established through tests using CI and CM chondrites as analog materials of the Ryugu samples and processing of the Ryugu samples. The procedures consisted of four steps: epoxy‐coating, embedding in epoxy cylinders, cutting with a wire saw, and dry polish by hand. There are three key points for successful preparation of the polished sections: (1) ethanol‐mixed epoxy with low viscosity for reinforcing the fragile samples, (2) handling under dry conditions to avoid breakup of the samples on contact with liquids due to their highly porous nature, and (3) X‐ray computed tomography data for exposing maximum surface areas of target mineral phases and clasts. These key points may also be important for processing of samples returned from asteroid Bennu and the Martian Moon Phobos, as those samples are likely to be hydrous carbonaceous chondrite‐like materials. The established procedures induce two side effects: zoning of the polished surface of the Ryugu samples in scanning electron microscope images reflecting differences in carbon contents due to permeation of low viscosity epoxy resin into the sample surface and fractures in anhydrous minerals possibly due to shear stress during dry polishing.