bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on the rapid diagnosis of chronic heart failure by measuring the difference in pulse oxygen saturation before and after arm compression
Authors: Jia Jian‐feng , Wang Li‐fei , Gao Xing‐li 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinically, the pulse oxygen saturation of patients with chronic heart failure does not decrease significantly, and the clinical manifestations of labor‐related dyspnea are not typical. As such, it is difficult to make a rapid diagnosis.ObjectiveTo investigate changes in pulse oxygen saturation in patients with chronic heart failure and examine the relationship between B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and normal pulse oxygen saturation.MethodsA total of 80 hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure and increased BNP were randomly selected as the study group; the family members of 60 patients without dyspnea were randomly selected as the control group. The researchers measured the value of pulse oxygen saturation before and after upper arm compression, calculating the difference and analyzing the correlation between this difference and BNP values. The data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 17.0 program.ResultsThe decrease in pulse oxygen saturation in the study group was greater than in the control group; the decrease in pulse oxygen saturation of patients with chronic heart failure positively correlated with BNP.ConclusionThe value of pulse oxygen saturation in patients with chronic heart failure decreased more than in the control group, and this difference positively correlated with BNP. The measurement of pulse oxygen saturation before and after upper arm compression is a simple and effective method for diagnosing and evaluating chronic heart failure.
Sugar intake and colorectal cancer risk: A prospective Japanese cohort study
Authors: Kanehara Rieko , Katagiri Ryoko , Goto Atsushi , Yamaji Taiki , Sawada Norie , Iwasaki Motoki , Inoue Manami , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   JPHC Study Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe influence of sugar consumption on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. Prospective cohort studies focusing on total and specific types of sugar intake among the Asian population who have different patterns of sugar intake sources than American and European populations are scarce. We intended to examine the association of sugar intake with CRC risk among middle‐aged adults in a Japanese large‐scale population‐based cohort study. The participants (42,405 men and 48,600 women) who were 45–74 years old and answered the questionnaire in 1995–1999 in the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study were followed up until December 2013. Total sugars, total fructose, and specific types of sugar intake were estimated using a validated 147‐item food frequency questionnaire and divided into quintiles (Q1–Q5). We used Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for potential confounders to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During the follow‐up, 2118 CRC cases (1226 men and 892 women) were identified. We did not observe any clear association between all types of sugar intake and an increased risk of CRC. Analyses by tumor sites yielded a positive association of total sugar consumption with rectal cancer in women (1.75 [1.07–2.87] for Q1 vs. Q5;plinear trend = 0.03), but no statistically significant trend was detected among men. Sugar intake was not associated with CRC risk in middle‐aged Japanese adults. However, for rectal cancer, the probability of an increased risk among women with a higher total sugar intake cannot be excluded.
Real‐world clinical analysis in 190 advanced NSCLC patients with uncommon EGFR mutations: A multi‐center study
Authors: Qin Yi , Long Yaling , Tang Yuan , Tian Yuke , Li Juan , Duan Ping , Luo Jieyan , Yu Min , Li Yanying , Zhou Xiaojuan , Wang Ke , Gong Youling , Peng Feng , Zhu Jiang , Liu Yongmei , Zhou Lin , Lu You , Huang Meijuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDifferently from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) 19Del and L858R mutations, the panoramic description of uncommon EGFR mutations is far from mature. Our understanding of its population characteristics, treatment response, and drug resistance mechanisms needs urgent expansion and deepening. Our study enrolled 437 patients with non–small‐cell lung cancer from four clinical centers and who had uncommon EGFR mutations. The clinical characteristics of all patients and the treatment outcomes of 190 advanced patients who received pharmacotherapy were analyzed. Moreover, the acquired resistance mechanisms were explored based on 53 tissue or liquid re‐biopsy data in 45 patients. Patients with EGFR 20ins had a shorter survival time compared with patients with non‐20ins mutations. In total, 149 cases had received EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI); afatinib was significantly superior to other EGFR‐TKIs both in ORR and mPFS in all uncommon mutations and especially in the L861Q group. The most common acquired drug resistance mechanism was MET amplification, followed by EGFR T790M, which was significantly different from common EGFR mutations.
tachyon: Efficient Shared Memory Parallel Computation of Extremum Graphs
Authors: Ande Abhijath , Subhash Varshini , Natarajan Vijay 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe extremum graph is a succinct representation of the Morse decomposition of a scalar field. It has increasingly become a useful data structure that supports topological feature‐directed visualization of 2D/3D scalar fields, and enables dimensionality reduction together with exploratory analysis of high‐dimensional scalar fields. Current methods that employ the extremum graph compute it either using a simple sequential algorithm for computing the Morse decomposition or by computing the more detailed Morse–Smale complex. Both approaches are typically limited to two and three‐dimensional scalar fields. We describe a GPU–CPU hybrid parallel algorithm for computing the extremum graph of scalar fields in all dimensions. The proposed shared memory algorithm utilizes both fine‐grained parallelism and task parallelism to achieve efficiency. An open source software library, tachyon, that implements the algorithm exhibits superior performance and good scaling behaviour.
Esthetics and bone changes of immediate implants with or without vascularized interpositional periosteal connective tissue grafting: A 2‐year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Naiem Suzy Nabil , Hosny Manal , ElNahass Hani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo compare esthetics at single immediately placed implants with and without soft tissue augmentation.Materials and MethodsPatients with non‐restorable maxillary teeth in the esthetic zone were assigned into 2 groups: immediately placed implants with simultaneous vascularized interpositional periosteal connective tissue grafting (VIP‐CTG) or non‐grafted immediately placed implants (NG). The outcomes included: pink esthetic score (PES), gingival thickness, keratinized tissue width, buccal bone changes, marginal bone loss, pain, and satisfaction.ResultsEighteen implants were included. At 2 years the mean value for PES was 12 ± 3.2 for the VIP‐CTG and 12.9 ± 1.3 for the NG (p = .855). Mucosal thickness and keratinized tissue width showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = .253) and (p = .931) respectively. Clinically buccal bone showed mean bone loss of 2.03 ± 1.57 mm for VIP‐CTG and 1.09 ± 1.3 mm for NG (p = .247) and radiographically showed 1.67 ± 0.84 mm at the VIP‐CTG and 1.16 ± 0.47 mm at the NG (p = .118). No statistically significant difference between both groups was demonstrated regarding marginal bone level changes (p = .142), pain (p = .622), or satisfaction (p = .562) at any time point.ConclusionSimultaneous soft tissue grafting with immediate implant placement did not provide a more favorable outcome regarding esthetics or alveolar bone preservation effect. Undisturbed healing with the least surgical intervention seems to provide more favorable outcomes.
Effectiveness of modified and control protocols for the surgical therapy of combined peri‐implantitis‐related defects. A retrospective analysis
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Becker Kathrin , Albrecht Christine , Ramanauskaite Ausra , Begic Amira , Obreja Karina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the clinical effectiveness of control and two modified protocols for surgical therapy of combined peri‐implantitis‐related defects.Materials and MethodsA total of n = 36 patients (n = 40 implants) diagnosed with combined supra‐ and intrabony defects were identified for this retrospective analysis. All protocols considered access flap surgery, granulation tissue removal and implant surface decontamination using a titanium brush. The control combined protocol included implantoplasty at supracrestal/ buccal‐ and reconstructive therapy at intrabony components using a particulate natural bone mineral + a native collagen membrane (CM) (n = 11 patients, n = 11 implants, CP). The modified protocols included the augmentation at both supra‐ and intrabony defect components using either a collagen‐stabilized natural bone mineral (BOC) (n = 15 patients, n = 15 implants, MP1), or BOC mixed with autogenous bone chips + CM (n = 10 patients, n = 14 implants, MP2). Linear mixed effects analyses were used to assess the changes in clinical parameters (i.e., bleeding on probing – BOP, probing pocket depth – PD, and mucosal recession – MR) over time (i.e., 6 and 12 months) and the impact of the treatment groups (CP, MP1, MP2).ResultsAt 12 months, median BOP and PD reductions amounted to −58.33% and − 1.16 mm in the MP1, to −62.50% and −1.95 mm in the MP2, and to −66.67% and −0.83 mm in the CP groups, respectively. The associated MR changes ranged between 0.00 and 0.08 mm. The survival rates were 100% in all groups.ConclusionsAll treatment protocols were associated with short‐term improvements in the clinical parameters investigated.
Soft tissue contour changes at implant sites with or without soft tissue grafting in the esthetic zone: A retrospective case–control study with a 12‐year follow‐up
Authors: Bienz Stefan P. , Carrera Edwin Ruales , Hüsler Jürg , Roccuzzo Andrea , Jung Ronald E. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the volumetric changes and peri‐implant health at implant sites with and without previous soft tissue grafting over a 12‐year observation period.Materials and MethodsEighteen patients received dental implants and simultaneously guided bone regeneration in the esthetic zone (15–25) for dental rehabilitation. Three months following implant placement, 8 patients (test) received an additional subepithelial connective tissue graft, whereas 10 patients (control) did not receive any additional treatment. One week after prothesis delivery and at the 5 and 12 years follow‐up examination, impressions were taken. Obtained casts were processed for profilometric and linear analyses. The mean distance (MD) in the mid‐buccal area between the two surfaces was considered the primary outcome. Peri‐implant health was assessed based on clinical and radiographic data.ResultsNine female and 7 male patients were re‐assessed after a median follow‐up time of 144.5 months (Min: 114.8; Max: 213.0). The median reduction of MD amounted to −0.81 mm (Min: −1.39; Max: 0.52) in the test group and −0.56 mm (Min: −0.93; Max: 0.11) in the control group, (intergroup comparison p = .607, CI 95%: −0.760/0.530). None of the implants was diagnosed with peri‐implantitis. Six tests and two control implants were diagnosed with peri‐implant mucositis (p = .103).ConclusionsDespite the limited number of included patients, similar results in terms of volumetric, linear changes, and peri‐implant conditions could be detected at implant sites with or without soft tissue grafting over a period of 12 years.
DNMT1 involved in the analgesic effect of folic acid on gastric hypersensitivity through downregulating ASIC1 in adult offspring rats with prenatal maternal stress
Authors: Wang Hong‐Jun , Zhang Fu‐Chao , Xu Timothy W. , Xu Yu‐Cheng , Tian Yuan‐Qing , Wu Yan‐Yan , Xu Ji‐Tian , Hu Shufen , Xu Guang‐Yin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsGastric hypersensitivity (GHS) is a characteristic pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia (FD). DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and acid‐sensing ion channel 1 (ASIC1) are associated with GHS induced by prenatal maternal stress (PMS). The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of DNMT1 mediating the analgesic effect of folic acid (FA) on PMS‐induced GHS.MethodsGHS was quantified by electromyogram recordings. The expression of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, and ASIC1 were detected by western blot, RT‐PCR, and double‐immunofluorescence. Neuronal excitability and proton‐elicited currents of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were determined by whole‐cell patch clamp recordings.ResultsThe expression of DNMT1, but not DNMT3a or DNMT3b, was decreased in DRGs of PMS rats. FA alleviated PMS‐induced GHS and hyperexcitability of DRG neurons. FA also increased DNMT1 and decreased ASIC1 expression and sensitivity. Intrathecal injection of DNMT1 inhibitor DC‐517 attenuated the effect of FA on GHS alleviation and ASIC1 downregulation. Overexpression of DNMT1 with lentivirus not only rescued ASIC1 upregulation and hypersensitivity, but also alleviated GHS and hyperexcitability of DRG neurons induced by PMS.ConclusionsThese results indicate that increased DNMT1 contributes to the analgesic effect of FA on PMS‐induced GHS by reducing ASIC1 expression and sensitivity.
Vascular stability of brain arteriovenous malformations after partial embolization
Authors: He Yingkun , He Yanyan , Bai Weixing , Guo Dehua , Lu Taoyuan , Duan Lin , Li Zhen , Kong Lingfei , Hernesniemi Juha A. , Li Tianxiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionBrain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) might have a higher risk of rupture after partial embolization, and previous studies have shown that some metrics of vascular stability are related to bAVM rupture risk.ObjectiveTo analyze vascular stability of bAVM in patients after partial embolization.MethodsTwenty‐four patients who underwent partial embolization were classified into the short‐term, medium‐term, and long‐term groups, according to the time interval between partial embolization and surgery. The control group consisted of 9 bAVM patients who underwent surgery alone. Hemodynamic changes after partial embolization were measured by angiogram. The inflammatory infiltrates and cell–cell junctions were evaluated by MMP‐9 and VE‐cadherin. At the protein level, the proliferative and apoptotic events of bAVMs were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of VEGFA, eNOS, and caspase‐3. Finally, neovascularity and apoptotic cells were assessed by CD31 staining and TUNEL staining.ResultsImmediately after partial embolization, the blood flow velocity of most bAVMs increased. The quantity of MMP‐9 in the medium‐term group was the highest, and VE‐cadherin in the medium‐term group was the lowest. The expression levels of VEGFA, eNOS, and neovascularity were highest in the medium‐term group. Similarly, the expression level of caspase‐3 and the number of apoptotic cells were highest in the medium‐term group.ConclusionThe biomarkers for bAVM vascular stability were most abnormal between 1 and 28 days after partial embolization.
Forecasting climate‐driven habitat changes for Australian freshwater fishes
Authors: Tims Amy R. , Saupe Erin E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsClimate change is expected to have profound effects on species' distributions into the future. Freshwater fishes, an important component of freshwater ecosystems, are no exception. Here, we project shifts in suitable conditions for Australian freshwater fishes under different climate change scenarios to identify species that may experience significant declines in habitat suitability.LocationAustralia.MethodsWe use MAXENT bioclimatic models to estimate the effect of climate change on the suitable conditions for 154 species of Australian freshwater fishes, of which 109 are endemic and 29 are threatened with extinction. Suitable conditions for freshwater fish species are modelled using three different Earth System climate models (ESMs) under two different emission scenarios to the year 2100. For each species, we examine potential geographic shifts in the distribution of suitable conditions from the present day to 2100 and quantify how habitat suitability may change at currently occupied sites by the end of this century.ResultsBroadscale poleward shifts in suitable conditions are projected for Australian freshwater fishes by an average of up to 0.38° (~180 km) across all species, depending on the emission scenario. Considerable loss of suitable conditions is forecast to occur within currently recognized distributional extents by 2100, with a mean projected loss of up to 17.5% across species. Predicted geographic range shifts and declines are larger under a high‐emission scenario. Threatened species are projected to be more adversely affected than nonthreatened species.Main ConclusionsOur models identify species and geographic regions that may be vulnerable to climate change, enabling freshwater fish conservation into the future.
Effect of haemodialysis on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of evogliptin
Authors: Kim Byungwook , Im Dha Woon , Won Heejae , Sunwoo Jung , Han Seung Seok , Lee Hajeong , Kim Dong Ki , Oh Kook‐Hwan , Joo Kwon Wook , Kim Yon Su , Cho Joo‐Youn , Lee SeungHwan , Oh Jaeseong , Jang In‐Jin , Kim Yong Chul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the possible effect of haemodialysis (HD) on the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of evogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitor.MethodsA single‐dose, open‐label, parallel‐group study of eight end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and eight matched healthy subjects was conducted. ESRD patients received a single oral dose of evogliptin 5 mg after and before HD with a 2‐week washout between each dose, and healthy subjects received a single oral dose of evogliptin 5 mg. Serial blood, dialysate, and urine samples were collected to assess the PK and PD profiles of evogliptin. To compare PK parameters before and after HD, geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.ResultsThe GMRs for the maximum concentration and area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to the last measurable timepoint (AUClast) of evogliptin when administered before HD compared with after HD were 0.7293 (90% CI 0.6171‐0.8620) and 0.9480 (90% CI 0.8162‐1.1010), respectively. The maximum DPP‐4 inhibitory effect, area under the DPP‐4 inhibitory effect‐time curve, and time duration of more than 80% DPP‐4 inhibition were comparable when evogliptin was administered before and after HD. Compared with healthy subjects, the mean AUClast of evogliptin was approximately 1.4‐fold greater in ESRD patients, but the difference is unlikely to affect the safety and efficacy of evogliptin.ConclusionThe effect of HD on the PK and PD characteristics of evogliptin was not clinically significant; therefore, dose adjustment according to HD status is not necessary.
Termite exocrine systems: a review of current knowledge
Authors: Costa‐Leonardo Ana Maria , da Silva Iago Bueno , Laranjo Lara Teixeira 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this review, we summarize the 22 exocrine glands hitherto described for termites (Isoptera), highlighting their distribution, morphological features, and likely function. The secretion from such glands displays a very important role in termite communication, but is also attributed to many other activities performed by these insects, including defense, building, and foraging, as well as physiological processes such as the synthesis of digestive enzymes, and antiseptic and lubricant compounds. Here, glands are divided into those associated with termite mouthparts and other head appendages, tegumentary glands with epithelial arrangement, those related to the reproductive apparatus, and glands which do not fit into these divisions. The exocrine systems in termites may be composed of classes 1, 2, and 3 secretory cells, which differ in how the glandular secretion is released. Moreover, they may exhibit a varied composition of secretory cell classes. Different glands may be involved in specific tasks and therefore produce specific compounds, although there are cases in which the same content is secreted by different glands, suggesting a functional plasticity. The chemical nature of these secretions and their role are well known for some glands, such as the frontal, salivary, tergal, and sternal ones. On the other hand, such aspects remain speculative or completely unknown for other glands. The number of termite exocrine glands is extremely low when compared to those described for eusocial Hymenoptera, and is a likely consequence of the higher diversity of species and chemical communication in the latter group. Moreover, vibroacoustic signals represent an important type of communication in termites. Further studies are encouraged to provide new insights into the occurrence and function of the exocrine systems in termites and how they modulate the different activities displayed by them.
Occurrence of Phytophthora species in riparian stands of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) in Slovakia
Authors: Tkaczyk Miłosz , Sikora Katarzyna , Galko Juraj , Kunca Andrej 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDuring the monitoring period of alder decline phenomenon in Slovakia, indicative symptoms of Phytophthora diseases were observed in riverside stands in Slovakia. The study aimed to test the presence and diversity of Phytophthora species in declining alder stands. The samples were collected from six stands situated by rivers/streams in the central and eastern parts of Slovakia. Phytophthora plurivora and P. cactorum were detected in soil, root and water samples. The most isolated species was P. plurivora. Both Phytophthora species have been recognized in the literature as the perpetrators of black alder dieback together with other species, such as P. alni or P. polonica. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. plurivora and P. cactorum in riverside stands with the main share of black alder in Slovakia.
The role of soft law in advancing the rights of persons with disabilities in the EU: A ‘hybridity’ approach to EU disability law
Authors: Ferri Delia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the role of soft law in advancing the rights of persons with disabilities in the European Union (EU). In doing so, it revisits the emergence of the standalone, yet cross‐cutting, field of ‘EU disability law’ through the lens of the ‘hybridity theory’ advanced inter alia by Trubek and Trubek. Being speculative in nature, this article construes EU disability law as a fruitful area for an enquiry into the dynamic relationship between hard and soft law. Until the entry into force of the Treaty of Amsterdam, soft law was crucial to attract disability within the sphere of action of the EU and to embed the social model of disability, displaying a value‐setting role. In the post‐Amsterdam period, soft law and hard law coexisted, being complementary to one another. Both contributed to a common objective, namely that of advancing equality of opportunities for persons with disabilities. After the conclusion of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the dynamic relationship between hard and soft law has become more complex and akin to what Trubek and Trubek define as ‘transformation’.