bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Complications in Coronavirus Disease 2019—Pathogenesis and Management
Authors: Restrepo Marcos I. , Marin-Corral Judith , Rodriguez Juan J. , Restrepo Valeria , Cavallazzi Rodrigo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a devastating impact on morbidity and mortality around the world. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 has a characteristic tropism for the cardiovascular system by entering the host cells and binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, which are expressed in different cells, particularly endothelial cells. This endothelial injury is linked by a direct intracellular viral invasion leading to inflammation, microthrombosis, and angiogenesis. COVID-19 has been associated with acute myocarditis, cardiac arrhythmias, new onset or worsening heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and thromboembolic disease. This review summarizes key relevant literature regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures related to cardiovascular complications in the setting of COVID-19.
Factors Associated with Transfer Distance from Birth Hospital to Repair Hospital for First Surgical Repair among Infants with Myelomeningocele in California
Authors: Kancherla Vijaya , Ma Chen , Purkey Neha J. , Hintz Susan R. , Lee Henry C. , Grant Gerald , Carmichael Suzan L. 
Published: January 2023

Objective The objective of our study was to examine factors associated with distance to care for first surgical repair among infants with myelomeningocele in California.
Study Design A total of 677 eligible cases with complete geocoded data were identified for birth years 2006 to 2012 using data from the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative linked to hospital and vital records. The median distance from home to birth hospital among eligible infants was 9 miles, and from birth hospital to repair hospital was 15 miles. We limited our analysis to infants who lived close to the birth hospital, creating two study groups to examine transfer distance patterns: “lived close and had a short transfer” (i.e., lived <9 miles from birth hospital and traveled <15 miles from birth hospital to repair hospital; n = 92), and “lived close and had a long transfer” (i.e., lived <9 miles from birth hospital and traveled ≥15 miles from birth hospital to repair hospital; n = 96). Log-binomial regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted risk ratios (aRRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Selected maternal, infant, and birth hospital characteristics were compared between the two groups.
Results We found that low birth weight (aRR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.99) and preterm birth (aRR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.97) were positively associated, whereas initiating prenatal care early in the first trimester was inversely associated (aRR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.46, 0.89) with transferring a longer distance (≥15 miles) from birth hospital to repair hospital. No significant associations were noted by maternal race-ethnicity, socioeconomic indicators, or the level of hospital care at the birth hospital.
Conclusion Our study identified selected infant factors associated with the distance to access surgical care for infants with myelomeningocele who had to transfer from birth hospital to repair hospital. Distance-based barriers to care should be identified and optimized when planning deliveries of at-risk infants in other populations.
Key Points
Assessing Barriers to Utilization of Premedication for Neonatal Intubation Based on the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Lee Dianne T. , Bruno Christie J. , Sharifi Mona , Shabanova Veronika , Johnston Lindsay C. 
Published: January 2023

Objective This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators of premedication utilization for nonemergent neonatal intubations (NIs) in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Study Design Between November 2018 and January 2019, multidisciplinary providers at a level IV NICU were invited to participate in an anonymous, electronic survey based on Theoretical Domains Framework to identify influences on utilization of evidence-based recommendations for NI premedication.
Results Of 186 surveys distributed, 84 (45%) providers responded. Most agreed with premedication use in the following domains: professional role/identity (86%), emotions (79%), skills (72%), optimism (71%), and memory, attention, and decision process (71%). Domains with less agreement include social influences (42%), knowledge (57%), intention (60%), belief about capabilities (63%), and behavior regulation (64%). Additional barriers include environmental context and resources, and beliefs about consequences.
Conclusion Several factors influence premedication use for nonemergent NI and may serve as facilitators and/or barriers. Efforts to address barriers should incorporate a multidisciplinary approach to improve patient outcomes and decrease procedure-related pain.
Key Points
Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic—what Occupational Safety and Health can bring to Public Health
Authors: Godderis Lode , Lerouge Loic , Samant Yogindra , Noone Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe strive to increase public (PH) and occupational health (OSH) inter-linkages by building a collaborative framework. Besides Covid-19 pandemic, recent approaches such as Human Exposome and Total Worker Health TM, have led to a shift to improving health of working population and consequently the total population. These health objectives can be best realised through primary care actors in specific contexts. Work, school, home and leisure are the four multi-stakeholder contexts in which health and healthcare (goal-oriented care) objectives needs to be set and defined. PH policy makers need to establish a shared decision-making process involving employees, employers and OSH representatives to set PH goals and align with OSH goals. The policy making process in OSH can serve as a potential way forward, as the decisions and policies are being decided centrally in consultation with social partners and governments. This process can then be mirrored on company level to adopt and implement.
Syntactic complexity in legal translated texts and the use of plain English: a corpus-based study
Authors: Lin Xiaowen , Afzaal Muhammad , Aldayel Hessah Saleh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study compared the linguistic difficulty of legal translated texts with the syntactic complexity of native English legal writings in order to demonstrate the statistically significant differences between the two big datasets. The study applies features of the syntactic complexity of sentences within legal text translations that translated texts are less complicated than their original counterparts. It provides an example of how easy plain English translation in legal communication might result in understandable target writings. The findings of the legal translation of the people of three regions reveal striking patterns in terms of syntactic complexity and legal communication in plain English, which are consistent with previous research. Complex nominal and hypotactic structures result in a high number of propositions per sentence, placing a high demand on the cognitive processing abilities of those who read and understand the text. The statistics show considerable differences among the three locations and various forms of company law corpora. The study is the first large-scale quantitative analysis of the accessibility of legal jargon compared to other forms of English, emphasizing the efficacy of plain-language initiatives in legal translations.
A scoring system for cochlear implant candidate selection using artificial intelligence
Authors: Abousetta Alaa , El Kholy Wafaa , Hegazy Mona , Kolkaila Enaas , Emara Afaf , Serag Shayma , Fathalla Ahmed , Ismail Omnia 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Cochlear implant (CI) candidate selection is a lengthy, complicated process that entails subjective judgment on the interaction of multiple pre-operative variables. It is assumed that setting a scoring system for the process of CI candidate selection would help in precise and reliable decision making. This would also provide a tool that would help in providing a better quality of life for CI patients.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study was held out in three post-CI rehabilitation centers. A total of 100 children records were analyzed with two statistical methods; conventional and Artificial Intelligence (AI) using Machine Learning. Language age deficit, phonological deficit, and social deficit were invented as new measures of CI performance; used to represent the developmental delay of those children in a single numeric value (in months).

Results:
Artificial Intelligence analysis surpassed conventional statistical methods for the prediction of the outcome measures of post-CI performance. This was clearly expressed using linear regression models. The AI classification model validation for predictive accuracy of language age deficit, phonological deficit, and social deficit were 56.66%, 88.11%, and 40.46% respectively.

Conclusion:
The production of a preliminary CI scoring model used for prediction of performance of patients was achieved. More data should be collected and fed to the software in order to improve its performance.
Discussion for the enhanced understanding of the photoelectric effect
Authors: Jho Hunkoog , Lee Bongwoo , Ji Youngrae , Ha Sangwoo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The photoelectric effect is a crucial phenomenon that contributed to the emergence of modern physics. Even, it is widely used in various fields of physics, such as spectroscopy, image sensing, and particle physics. Albeit its significance in physics, most of the textbooks illuminate a limited perspective focusing on the particle nature of light. This study aims to provide a more productive account of the photoelectric effect from a holistic viewpoint relevant to various fields of physics. This study examines the various fields of physics, from electromagnetics to modern physics, including quantum mechanics such as Fermi–Dirac statistics and light quantum theory. We also suggest extending the quantum mechanics to consider factors influencing the photoelectric effect experiment, such as both anode and cathode materials, geometric considerations of apparatus, and various kinds of interaction between quantum particles. To understand the mechanism of the photoelectric effect deeply, students should be aware of various fields of physics and connect them. The discussions in this study provide more productive ways of understanding the photoelectric effect.
Implementing the learning assistant model in European higher education
Authors: Odden Tor Ole B , Lauvland Anders , Bøe Maria Vetleseter , Henriksen Ellen Karoline 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The learning assistant (LA) model is a widely used and researched model for institutional and course transformation towards research-based instructional strategies (RBIS). The LA model leverages learning assistants, pedagogically trained students, to facilitate student learning in active learning environments. However, although the LA model has shown significant results when implemented in university contexts in the United States, there has as yet been little documentation of similar implementation or results in European higher education. In this study, we present the results of a three-semester design-based research project to implement the LA Model in a Scandinavian physics department. The three core elements of the LA model (pedagogical training, course content meetings, and teaching in active learning environments) were implemented and iteratively refined, with necessary adjustments due to the specific institutional and cultural contexts documented. Throughout all three semesters, data was collected on how participation in the LA model affected LAs’ buy-in to RBIS using focus groups, pre/post surveys, and teaching observations. A thematic analysis of these data showed that participation in the LA model helped ensure LA buy-in to both the interactive engagement methods and goal of cultivating conceptual understanding that underlie most RBIS, and that the combination of teaching practice and pedagogical training seminars were key to this buy-in. We argue that these results demonstrate the potential usefulness of the LA model for creating institutional and cultural change in European higher education.
Below- and near-threshold harmonic generation from multiple orbitals
Authors: Long Jie , Chen Yuhang , Zhu Xiaosong , He Lixin , Lan Pengfei , Lu Peixiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report an unexplored observation of multi-orbital contribution in the below- and near-threshold harmonic generation of aligned molecules. A typical pump–probe configuration is used in our experiments. By scanning the time delay and crossing angle of polarization directions between the pump and probe pulses, we find that the harmonic yield in this region exhibits abnormal intensity-dependent modulation patterns. Further comparison and analysis show that this observation can be interpreted as due to the contribution of deeper-lying molecular orbitals, which are much more prominent than in the above-threshold region and can overall surpass the contribution of the highest occupied molecular orbital, leading to reversed modulation patterns. The particular importance of the deeper-lying orbitals in this regime is closely related to the multi-photon excitation pathways involved in the generation process. Our work will advance further investigations on the mechanism of below- and near-threshold harmonic generation.
CDMAM in digital mammography: contrast threshold measurements, achievable values and relation with dose
Authors: Trindade Hugo , Barreira Marisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The main goal of this study is to characterise threshold contrast values and average glandular dose (AGD) in mammography examinations, as well as their relationship with acceptable (minimum quality values) and achievable (desirable quality values) values from the fourth edition of the EUREF protocol. Therefore, data from 84 mammography units from six different manufacturers comprising 15 different models were gathered across Portugal during 2020 and 2021. The contrast measurements were obtained with a CDMAM 4.0 phantom. Within the tested units, six failed to comply with the acceptable EUREF values for threshold contrast and 5% achieved all levels of desirable contrast. Only 3% of the units presented values above an achievable AGD level of 2.4 mGy for an equivalent breast thickness of 60 mm. As these acceptable and achievable values are used as a guideline for the setup of dose and image quality of mammography units, the obtained results demonstrate that clinical images are being produced with an AGD much lower than the achievable dose values. As a result, contrast threshold values are close to the minimum quality values, which could result in images with less diagnostic data, compromising the justification of x-ray exams. Results proved that there is a possibility for an increase in AGD to give achievable image standards. Higher levels of radiation dose correlated with better image quality, and consequently higher diagnostic confidence could be consistent with the optimisation principle for radiation protection.
Structural and dynamical studies of CH–π bonded CH4–C6H6 dimer by ultrafast intermolecular Coulombic decay
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi , Jia Shaokui , Xue Xiaorui , Hao Xintai , Zeng Qingrui , Wang Xing , Ren Xueguang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The inner-valence ionization and fragmentation dynamics of CH4–C6H6 dimer induced by 200 eV electron impact is studied utilizing a multi-particle coincidence momentum spectroscopy. The three-dimensional momentum vectors and kinetic energy release (KER) of the CH4
++C6H6
+ ion pairs are obtained by coincident momentum measurement. Our analysis on the absolute cross sections indicates that the intermediate dication CH4
+–C6H6
+ is preferentially produced by the removal of an inner-valence electron from CH4 or C6H6 and subsequent relaxation of ultrafast intermolecular Coulombic decay followed by two-body Coulomb explosion. Combining with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, the real-time fragmentation dynamics including translational, vibrational and rotational motions are presented as a function of propagation time. The revealed fragmentation dynamics are expected to have a potential implication for crystal structure imaging with various radiation sources.
Actively controlled anode auxiliary gate super-junction insulated gate bipolar transistor with extremely low
Eoff
Authors: Li Luping , Li Zehong , Chen Peng , Yang Yuanzhen , Rao Qiansheng , Wang Tongyang , Zhao Yishang , Yang Yang , Ren Min 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When dealing with the super-junction insulated gate bipolar transistor (SJ-IGBT), due to its unipolar/bipolar mixed conduction mechanism, the approaches to improve its

V

on

–

E

off

are not exactly the same as for non-SJ IGBTs. In the pursuit of extremely low

E

off

, a planar auxiliary anode gate SJ-IGBT (AAG-SJ-IGBT) is proposed based on a 650 V SJ-IGBT to realize a unipolar turn-off as observed in SJ-MOSFETs accompanied by fast switching and extremely low

E

off

. The planar auxiliary anode gate provides similar effects but better feasibility than conventional trench ones. Sentaurus TCAD simulation results for the proposed AAG-SJ-IGBT indicate a 69% smaller

t

doff

and a 54% lower

E

off

than the FP-SJ-IGBT, and its

V

on

–

E

off

is significantly optimized from cathode-improved SJ-IGBTs. The analysis of carrier and current density reveals the static and dynamic characteristics of the AAG-SJ-IGBT and the principle for excellent

V

on

–

E

off

trade-off.
Pressure sensing of Ga2O3 thin film
Authors: Liu Zeng , Zhang Shaohui , Zhang Maolin , Fang Junpeng , Du Ling , Zhang Jian , Xu Chang , Guo Yufeng , Tang Weihua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a Ga2O3-based pressure sensor is introduced via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition thin film growth technique. As an important semiconductor materials, it could achieve some functional electronics and optoelectronics, while Ga2O3-based pressure sensor is less investigated, inspite of that the natural property endows it the possibility. Here, the fabricated Ga2O3-based pressure sensor displayed decent sensing performance responding to various pressures. Under pressure of 5 kPa, the current increase two of orders with respect to the current without any additional pressure. Moreover, the response/release times were 0.18 s/0.15 s, 0.27 s/0.21 s, 0.32 s/0.23 s, and 0.38 s/0.24 s under different pressures of 1, 5, 10 and 20 kPa. In all, this work provides a possible route for constructing smart pressure sensor based on functional Ga2O3 along with good sensing behaviors.
Direct observations of π-leaps of superconducting phase differences in π-junction-based SQUIDs
Authors: Takeshita Yuto , Li Feng , Higashi Masayuki , Tanaka Masamitsu , Yamashita Taro , Fujimaki Akira 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We directly observed π-leaps of superconducting phase differences in π-junction-based superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). The SQUIDs studied here are formed by introducing a π-junction to a conventional-junction (0-junction)-based direct current (DC)-SQUID, which is referred to as the 0-0-π SQUID. Either clockwise or counter-clockwise-circulating currents flow spontaneously in the 0-0-π SQUID because of a π-phase shift of the π-junction. In other words, the 0-0-π SQUID has a bistable state corresponding to the directions of circulating currents. π-leaps are generated by transiting between the two states of the bistable state. π-leaps are an ultra-fast phenomenon and are difficult to observe as they are. We prepared a half-flux quantum (HFQ)-SQUID that comprised two 0-0-π SQUIDs. π-leaps are reflected in a static characteristic, that is, a modulation pattern of the critical current in the HFQ-SQUID. We formed π-junctions with the PdNi layer on 0-junction-based circuits supplied by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. The modulation pattern of the HFQ-SQUID had a period corresponding to π-leaps as expected, although some microstructures were observed. We demonstrated that the microstructures originated from the asymmetry inside each 0-0-π SQUID by analyzing the relationship between the phase change of 0-0-π SQUIDs and the modulation patterns.
Optically pumped magnetometer with high spatial resolution magnetic guide for the detection of magnetic droplets in a microfluidic channel
Authors: Jofre Marc , Romeu Jordi , Jofre-Roca Luis 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Quantum sensors provide unprecedented magnetic field detection sensitivities, enabling these to extend the common magnetometry range of applications and environments of operation. In this framework, many applications also require high spatial resolution magnetic measurements for biomedical research, environmental monitoring and industrial production. In this regard, optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are considered as prominent candidates, but are impaired in size with micrometer scale magnetic particles, e.g. magnetic droplets. In order to address this limitation, here we study the effects of adding a micrometer-to-millimeter magnetic guide to a miniature OPM. This device is applied to detect Fe3O4 magnetic droplets flowing at rates up to 25 drop. s−1 in a microfluidic channel. The computed spatial resolution is 300 µm and the measured signal-to-noise ratio is larger than 15 dB for the different sizes of considered magnetic droplets.
Radiative symmetry breaking, cosmic strings and observable gravity waves in 𝖴(1)𝖱 symmetric 𝖲𝖴(5) × 𝖴(1)χ
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Zubair Umer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We implement shifted hybrid inflation in the framework of supersymmetric SU(5) × U(1)χ GUT model which provides a natural solution to the monopole problem appearing in the spontaneous symmetry breaking of SU(5). The U(1)χ symmetry is radiatevely broken after the end of inflation at an intermediate scale, yielding topologically stable cosmic strings. The Planck's bound on the gravitational interaction strength of these strings, characterized by GNμs
are easily satisfied with the U(1)χ symmetry breaking scale which depends on the initial boundary conditions at the GUT scale. The dimension-5 proton lifetime for the decay p → K
+
ν̅, mediated by color-triplet Higgsinos is found to satisfy current Super-Kamiokande bounds for SUSY breaking scale M
SUSY ≳ 12.5 TeV. We show that with minimal Kähler potential, the soft supersymmetry breaking terms play a vital role in bringing the scalar spectral index n_s within the Planck's latest bounds, although with small tensor modes r ≲ 2.5 × 10-6 and SU(5) gauge symmetry breaking scale in the range (2 × 1015≲ Mα
≲ 2 × 1016) GeV. By employing non-minimal terms in the Kähler potential, the tensor-to-scalar ratio approaches observable values (r ≲ 10-3) with the SU(5) symmetry breaking scale Mα
≃ 2 × 1016 GeV.