bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flares from Merged Magnetars: Their Prospects as a New Population of Gamma-Ray Counterparts of Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Yi Shu-Xu , Zhang Zhen , Wang Xilu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Long-lived massive magnetars are expected to be remnants of some binary neutron star (BNS) mergers. In this paper, we argue that the magnetic powered flaring activities of these merged magnetars would occur dominantly in their early millisecond-period-spin phase, which is in the timescale of days. Such flares endure significant absorption by the ejecta from the BNS collision, and their detectable energy range is from 0.1 to 10 MeV, in a time lag of approximately days after the merger events indicated by the gravitational wave chirps. We estimate the rate of such flares in different energy ranges, and find that there could have been 0.1–10 cases detected by Fermi/GBM. A careful search for ∼10 ms spin-period modulation in weak short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may identify them from the archival data. The next-generation megaelectronvolt detectors could detect them at a mildly higher rate. The recent report on the Quasi-Period-Oscillation found in two BASTE GRBs should not be considered as cases of such flares, for they were detected in a lower energy range and with a much shorter period spin modulation.
An XMM-Newton View of the Andromeda Galaxy as Explored in a Legacy Survey (New-ANGELS). I. The X-Ray Source Catalog
Authors: Huang Rui , Li Jiang-Tao , Cui Wei , Bregman Joel N. , Li Xiang-Dong , Ponti Gabriele , Qu Zhijie , Wang Q. Daniel , Zhang Yi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We introduce the New-ANGELS program, an XMM-Newton survey of a ∼7.2 deg2 area around M31, which aims to study the X-ray populations in the M31 disk and the X-ray-emitting hot gas in the inner halo of M31 up to 30 kpc. In this first paper, we report the catalog of 4506 detected X-ray sources and attempt to cross-identify or roughly classify them. We identify 352 single stars in the foreground, 35 globular clusters, and 27 supernova remnants associated with M31, as well as 62 active galactic nuclei, 59 galaxies, and one galaxy cluster in the background. We uniquely classify 236 foreground stars and 17 supersoft sources based on their X-ray colors. X-ray binaries (83 low-mass and one high-mass) are classified based on their X-ray colors and X-ray variabilities. The remaining X-ray sources either have too low signal-to-noise ratios to calculate their X-ray colors or do not have a unique classification, so are regarded as unclassified. The X-ray source catalog is published online. Studies of the X-ray source populations and the contribution of X-ray sources in the unresolved X-ray emissions based on this catalog will be published in companion papers.
Spectral Energy Distributions of Southern Binary X-Ray Sources
Authors: Dickey John M. , Vrtilek S. D. , McCollough Michael , Boroson Bram , Tomsick John A. , Bailyn Charles , Blanchard Jay M. , Johnson Charlotte 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The rapid variability of X-ray binaries (XRBs) produces a wide range of X-ray states that are linked to activity across the electromagnetic spectrum. It is particularly challenging to study a sample of sources large enough to include all types in their various states, and to cover the full range of frequencies that show flux density variations. Simultaneous observations with many telescopes are necessary. In this project, we monitor 48 XRBs with seven telescopes across the electromagnetic spectrum from 5 × 109 to 1019 Hz, including ground-based radio, IR, and optical observatories, and five instruments on two spacecraft over a 1 week period. We construct spectral energy distributions and matching X-ray color–intensity diagrams for 20 sources that have the most extensive detections. Our observations are consistent with several models of expected behavior proposed for the different classes: we detect no significant radio emission from pulsars or atoll sources, but we do detect radio emission from Z sources in the normal or horizontal branch, and from black holes in the high/soft, low/hard, and quiescent states. The survey data provide useful constraints for more detailed models predicting behavior from the different classes of sources.
PSF-based Analysis for Detecting Unresolved Wide Binaries
Authors: Wu You , Li Jiao , Liu Chao , Hu Yi , Xu Long , Li Tanda , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wide binaries play a crucial role in analyzing the birth environment of stars and the dynamical evolution of clusters. When wide binaries are located at greater distances, their companions may overlap in the observed images, becoming indistinguishable and resulting in unresolved wide binaries, which are difficult to detect using traditional methods. Utilizing deep learning, we present a method to identify unresolved wide binaries by analyzing the point-spread function (PSF) morphology of telescopes. Our trained model demonstrates exceptional performance in differentiating between single stars and unresolved binaries with separations ranging from 0.1 to 2 physical pixels, where the PSF FWHM is ∼2 pixels, achieving an accuracy of 97.2% for simulated data from the Chinese Space Station Telescope. We subsequently tested our method on photometric data of NGC 6121 observed by the Hubble Space Telescope. The trained model attained an accuracy of 96.5% and identified 18 wide binary candidates with separations between 7 and 140 au. The majority of these wide binary candidates are situated outside the core radius of NGC 6121, suggesting that they are likely first-generation stars, which is in general agreement with the results of Monte Carlo simulations. Our PSF-based method shows great promise in detecting unresolved wide binaries and is well suited for observations from space-based telescopes with stable PSF. In the future, we aim to apply our PSF-based method to next-generation surveys such as the China Space Station Optical Survey, where a larger-field-of-view telescope will be capable of identifying a greater number of such wide binaries.
Analyse intégrative d’un espace funéraire complexe : le cas du cimetière de l’Antiquité tardive de Canusium (Lieu-dit Lamapopoli, Canosa, Pouilles)
Authors: De Santis Paola , Panzarino Ginevra , Sperduti Alessandra 
Published: September 2023

Un vaste et complexe cimetière a été mis au jour dans le suburbium de Canusium, ville antique du centre-nord des Pouilles, au lieu-dit Lamapopoli. Il présente la coexistence d’un ensemble funéraire souterrain (catacombes et hypogées) creusé à différentes altitudes sur le front de la crête rocheuse qui caractérise le site, et d’une nécropole de plein air qui occupe la plaine en contrebas.La fréquentation funéraire de l’ensemble du cimetière remonte à l’Antiquité romaine et tardive, du iie au vie s. ; en revanche, l’excavation et l’utilisation de l’hypogée sont limitées à la période comprise entre la moitié du ive et le vie s. À l’heure actuelle, au moins 14 ensembles funéraires souterrains indépendants sont connus, avec des entrées indépendantes et différentes en termes d’extension et de distribution planimétrique.La documentation épigraphique et iconographique atteste de la fréquentation et de l’utilisation du complexe des catacombes par la communauté chrétienne de la ville.
Impact of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Glycolipids on the CD4+ T Cell–Macrophage Immunological Synapse
Authors: Mwebaza Ivan , Shaw Rachel , Li Qing , Fletcher Shane , Achkar Jacqueline M , Harding Clifford V , Carpenter Stephen M , Boom W Henry 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-wall glycolipids such as mannosylated lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) can inhibit murine CD4+ T cells by blocking TCR signaling. This results in suppression of IL-2 production, reduced T cell proliferation, and induction of CD4+ T cell anergy. This study extended these findings to the interaction between primary human CD4+ T cells and macrophages infected by mycobacteria. Exposure of human CD4+ T cells to ManLAM before activation resulted in loss of polyfunctionality, as measured by IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α expression, and reduced CD25 expression. This was not associated with upregulation of inhibitory receptors CTLA-4, PD-1, TIM-3, and Lag-3. By confocal microscopy and imaging flow cytometry, ManLAM exposure reduced conjugate formation between macrophages and CD4+ T cells. ManLAM colocalized to the immunological synapse (IS) and reduced translocation of lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) to the IS. When CD4+ T cells and Mycobacterium bovis BCG–infected monocytes were cocultured, ManLAM colocalized to CD4+ T cells, which formed fewer conjugates with infected monocytes. These results demonstrate that mycobacterial cell-wall glycolipids such as ManLAM can traffic from infected macrophages to disrupt productive IS formation and inhibit CD4+ T cell activation, contributing to immune evasion by M. tuberculosis.
Every symmetric Kubo–Ando connection has the order-determining property
Authors: Chetcuti Emmanuel , Healey Curt 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this article, the question of whether the Löwner partial order on the positive cone of an operator algebra is determined by the norm of any arbitrary Kubo–Ando mean is studied. The question was affirmatively answered for certain classes of Kubo–Ando means, yet the general case was left as an open problem. We here give a complete answer to this question, by showing that the norm of every symmetric Kubo–Ando mean is order-determining, i.e., if
$A,B\in \mathcal B(H)^{++}$
satisfy
$\Vert A\sigma X\Vert \le \Vert B\sigma X\Vert $
for every
$X\in \mathcal {A}^{{++}}$
, where
$\mathcal A$
is the C*-subalgebra generated by
$B-A$
and I, then
$A\le B$
.
Case Report: Catastrophic Effects of Using Cannabis Via Bucket Bong in Top End Northern Territory of Australia
Authors: Heraganahally Subash S. , Monsi Ellen , Gadil Eden , Maze David , Lynch Steven 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT.
The prevalence of cannabis usage is increasing worldwide, including among both Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. The long-term effects of cannabis use on the lungs are well-known. However, the acute adverse effects on the lungs are sparsely reported. There are different ways in which cannabis can be inhaled, such as smoking or through a water vaporizing method known as a “bong.” An improvised innovative bong device that is commonly used in Northern Australia, called a “bucket bong,” uses water and air pressure to assist in cannabis inhalation. In this report, we describe three patients from remote and rural Northern Australian communities presenting with near–life-threatening events (acute pneumonitis and massive pneumothorax) immediately after the use of cannabis via bucket bong.
Assessment of the current status of water quality and nutrients enrichment of rivers Kisat and Auji and Nyalenda wastewater sedimentation ponds using multivariate technique
Authors: Omondi Cornel , Omondi Reuben , Onyango Daniel , Onyangore Hezron Dickson 
Published: September 2023

Monitoring the condition of aquatic ecosystems is important because they provide ecological goods and services on which human beings depend. The present study analyzed the physico-chemical parameters and nutrients enrichment in rivers Kisat and Auji as well as wastewater sedimentation ponds to inform appropriate management measures. The water samples were collected from eight sampling sites starting at the source running downstream and at the wastewater sedimentation ponds beginning from February to October 2021. The physico-chemical parameters were measured in situ, while nutrients were analyzed at the laboratory. The results of the study indicated inconsistencies in the variation of physico-chemical parameters and nutrients enrichment among the sampling sites. The results revealed that dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity (sal), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity and total nitrogen (TN) showed significance difference between the sites. Similarly principal component analysis revealed variations indicating (temperature, TDS, EC, Sal, TN and Total phosphorus (TP) are the major variables influencing the water quality variations. The overall results demonstrated some sampling sites are heavily contaminated with pollutants attributable to anthropogenic activities. The results of the present study are important for decision making regarding the management of water quality in urban rivers and wastewater sedimentations ponds.
Spatial-Temporal Variations of Zooplankton in Relation to Selected Limnological Parameters: A Case of Kisii Town Wastewater Treatment Plant, Kisii County, Kenya
Authors: Rayori Douglas Mosoti , Omondi Reuben , Getabu Albert , Orina Paul , Omondi Argwings 
Published: September 2023

Zooplankton have been used as bioindicators of water quality. In this study, we assessed the spatial-temporal variations of zooplankton in the Kisii town wastewater treatment plant and how they were influenced by limnological parameters between May and August 2021. Triplicate zooplankton samples were collected monthly for laboratory analysis. Physical parameters were measured in situ using a YSI multi-parameter probe while triplicate wastewater samples were collected for chemical parameters analyses ex situ. Eleven (11) zooplankton species were identified belonging to three groups. Cladocera was represented by 5 species (45.5 %), Rotifera by 4 species (36.4 %), and Copepoda by 2 species (18.2 %). The total zooplankton density recorded was 515IndL-1 with the family Cladocera dominating (57.7 %) followed by Copepoda (22.8 %) then Rotifera (19.5 %) with the least number in the population density. The limnological parameters measurements indicate considerable wastewater pollutant removal during polishing but negatively influenced zooplankton diversity. Therefore, zooplankton can be used to monitor wastewater treatment progress.
ANALYZING HISTORICAL TRADE DYNAMICS AND CONTEMPORARY IMPACTS OF EMERGING MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES ON INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE AND U.S. STRATEGY
Authors: Oluwaseun Ayo Ogunjobi  , Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo  , Blessed Afeyokalo Egbokhaebho  , Chibuike Daraojimba  , Uneku Ikwue  , Adeyinka Alex Banso  
Published: September 2023

This research paper explores the relationship between historical trade dynamics, emerging materials technologies, and their contemporary impacts on international trade. Through a series of case studies and comprehensive analyses, the paper highlights how innovation in materials science has historically shaped trade patterns, industries, and economies. It investigates the role of innovation ecosystems, research collaboration, and intellectual property rights in influencing trade dynamics. Furthermore, the paper discusses the effects of emerging materials technologies on various sectors, including manufacturing, electronics, renewable energy, healthcare, and more. It examines the case of the United States, its policies, initiatives, challenges, and successes in adopting these technologies. The paper forecasts future trends in emerging materials technologies, emphasizing their implications for international trade relationships and supply chains. It addresses challenges such as regulatory frameworks, ethical considerations, and geopolitical factors that may impact the diffusion of these technologies globally. The paper concludes by stressing the significance of understanding historical trade dynamics and contemporary impacts. It suggests implications for officials, industry stakeholders, and future research directions. Ultimately, it underscores the critical role of emerging materials technologies in shaping the trade landscape, fostering economic growth, and contributing to sustainable development in an interconnected world.
Keywords: Historical Trade Dynamics, Emerging Materials Technologies, International Trade, Innovation Ecosystems, Research Collaboration, Intellectual Property Rights, Industry Sectors.
QUASI-STATIC BENDING FATIGUE OF CARBON CORD–RUBBER COMPOSITES USED IN TIMING BELTS
Authors: Tao Yinping , Tashiro Ryuichi , Yonezawa Shigeki , Stevens Christopher A. , Bilotti Emiliano , Busfield James J. C. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Cord–rubber composites such as timing belts are subjected to coupled tension and bending under typical service conditions. Due to their increased modulus, carbon cords are replacing traditional glass cords as reinforcing materials in timing belt products. The bending fatigue behavior of carbon cord–reinforced hydrogenated butadiene rubber (CC-HNBR) composites is of increasing interest for both understanding their failure mechanism and supporting the development of new industrial products. In this work, a simple experimental setup that replicated in a simplified way the real-pulley situation encountered in a timing belt operation was developed to investigate the effects of applied tension, bending curvature, frequency, and R ratio on the bending fatigue life of CC-HNBR composites. Furthermore, a numerical investigation of the stress distribution within the CC-HNBR composite, under both uniaxial tension and coupled tension and bending loading, was carried out using finite element analysis. Cord-dominated fracture was observed close to the point at which the specimen just left the pulley using a thermal imaging camera at high stress levels. This location is due to the combined effects of bending and maximum tension at this site. There was a reduction in the bending fatigue life as a result of a higher level of bending strain introduced by a smaller-diameter pulley. Frequency had negligible effects on the bending fatigue life within testing regimens probably resulting from the rubber generating only limited heat buildup even at the highest test frequencies. Higher R ratios led to a longer bending fatigue life, potentially due to the strain-induced crystallization of the HNBR matrix at the tip of any generated cracks. This study provides a basic investigation into the bending fatigue behavior of CC-HNBR composites under coupled tension and bending loading conditions, shedding some light on the failure characteristics of CC-HNBR composites under the interaction of bending and tension deformations.
Health services access for young children with sickle cell anaemia in the chilubi district of Zambia
Authors: Sinkala D , Fleming L.C , Silwimba F. , Jacobsen K.H. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Young children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) require frequent medical interventions to prevent fatal complications and improve quality of life.
Methods: The care givers of 40 randomly-sampled children <5 years old with SCA who lived in rural Chilubi district in northern Zambia were interviewed in 2016.
Results: Most of the parents had poor knowledge of SCA, treated most SCA symptoms at home, and were unaware of the SCA complications requiring emergency clinical care. Distance and cost were frequent barriers to accessing medical services. The local clinic was perceived to lack the human and material resources necessary to offer high-quality care.
Conclusions: Community-based family health education programs may increase parental knowledge of SCA and reduce some of the barriers to seeking care for their children. Additional SCA training for nurses and clinical officers will enable them to provider higher-quality preventive and therapeutic care.
Primeiro registro de predação por Gymnandrosoma aurantianum Lima, 1927 (Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) em sementes de Lafoensia pacari (Lythraceae) no Brasil
Authors: Araldi Dane Block , Costa Ervandil Correa , Sangiovo Jaqueline Piesanti , Tremea Marta Gubert , Pradebon Leonardo Cesar , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Da Silva José Antônio Gonzalez , Magano Deivid Araújo 
Published: September 2023

Entre os lepidópteros, Crambidae, Tortricidae e Pyralidae, figuram entre as famílias mais numerosas quanto a espécies que predam sementes. São também generalistas quanto a hábitos alimentares, sendo que a predação de sementes é efetuada principalmente por indivíduos na fase larval. Portanto o micro lepidóptero Gymnandrosoma aurantianum foram registrados pela primeira vez no Sul do Brasil associado a predação de semente da espécie Lafoensia pacari é uma planta de porte arbóreo, pertencente à família Lythraceae, a qual é representada por cerca de 600 espécies distribuídas principalmente nos trópicos, conhecida vulgarmente por dedaleiro. Ocorre nas florestas de altitude e no cerrado, nos estados da Bahia até ao Rio Grande do Sul. Encontrada também no Paraguai e Bolívia. Este trabalho teve como objetivos identificar os insetos associados à predação de sementes de Lafoensia pacari e avaliar o potencial de dano nas sementes bem como o substrato alimentar consumido pelo ataque. Para obtenção dos dados efetuou-se uma coleta de frutos no Centro de Pesquisas Florestais (FEPAGRO/Florestas) no município de Santa Maria, RS. O trabalho de Laboratório foi desenvolvido no Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária da UFSM. Após o beneficiamento foram separadas em sementes sadias e as sementes que continham orifício de emergência do inseto foram consideradas sementes danificadas. Conforme o total de sementes analisadas, 1375 foram quantificadas em 893 sementes sadias (64,94%) e 482 sementes danificadas (35,05%). Quanto ao cálculo do substrato (massa, testa) de cada lote de sementes, foram consumidos, em média 3,79g de substrato, representando um percentual de perda em 46,60% da massa consumida da massa alimentar. Constatou-se um alto índice de predação nas sementes, sendo inviáveis para propagação do vegetal.
การพัฒนาไมโครอิมัลชันเอคโทอินสำหรับนำส่งทางผิวหนัง
Authors:   , จันทเวช นงราม 
Published: September 2023

เอคโทอินเป็นที่รู้จักกันว่าเป็นสารสำคัญทางเครื่องสำอางที่ให้ผลการปกป้องผิว ทำให้ผิวหนังชุ่มชื้น และให้ผลชะลอการแก่ที่เนื่องมาจากแสงแดด อย่างไรก็ตาม เอคโทอินมีคุณสมบัติในการละลายน้ำที่ดีมาก มีค่า log P เท่ากับ -0.8 และมีจุดหลอมเหลวสูง ด้วยคุณสมบัติเหล่านี้ อาจทำให้เอคโทอินมีข้อจำกัดในการซึมผ่านเข้าสู่ผิวหนัง จึงได้นำระบบไมโครอิมัลชันมาศึกษาเพื่อแก้ปัญหานี้ วัตถุประสงค์ของงานวิจัยนี้เพื่อพัฒนาและประเมินตำรับไมโครอิมัลชันที่บรรจุเอคโทอิน โดยศึกษาผลของชนิดไมโครอิมัลชัน ชนิดน้ำมันกระจายในน้ำและชนิดน้ำกระจายในน้ำมัน และชนิดน้ำมัน (ไอโซโพรพิลไมริสเตท (IPM) และกรดโอเลอิค) ต่อคุณสมบัติชองไมโครอิมัลชันที่บรรจุเอคโทอิน การประเมินคุณสมบัติของเอคโทอินไมโครอิมัลชัน ได้แก่ คุณสมบัติทางกายภาพ การปลดปล่อยและการซึมผ่านเข้าสู่ผิวหนังแบบนอกกายของเอคโทอินจากระบบไมโครอิมัลชัน โดยมีสารละลายของเอคโทอินในน้ำเป็นกลุ่มควบคุม นอกจากนี้ ยังศึกษาความคงตัวทางกายภาพและทางเคมีของเอคโทอินไมโครอิมัลชันที่สภาวะเร่ง ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ตำรับเอคโทอินไมโครอิมัลชันชนิด ชนิดน้ำมันกระจายในน้ำและชนิดน้ำกระจายในน้ำมัน สามารถเตรียมได้โดยใช้ส่วนประกอบชนิดและอัตราส่วนที่เลือกมา ทุกตำรับมีความคงตัวดีหลังจากเก็บที่อุณหภูมิ 45 องศาเซลเซียส เป็นเวลา 2 เดือน ยกเว้นตำรับ “IPM o/w” ซึ่งเหลือเอคโทอิน 88 เปอร์เซ็นต์ ตำรับไมโครอิมัลชันชนิดน้ำมันกระจายในน้ำ สามารถละลาย ectoin ได้มากกว่าชนิดน้ำกระจายในน้ำมัน ที่มีน้ำมันชนิดเดียวกัน ความหนืดของตำรับ ชนิดน้ำมันกระจายในน้ำ จะมีค่ามากกว่าชนิดน้ำกระจายในน้ำมัน ผลการศึกษาการปลดปล่อยเอคโทอินพบว่า ตำรับ “oleic o/w” จะแสดงการปลดปล่อยที่สูงที่สุดซึ่งใกล้เคียงกับสารละลายเอคโทอิน และพบว่าการปลดปล่อยของทุกสูตรตำรับแสดงผลการปลดปล่อยอย่างรวดเร็วในช่วงแรกและการปลดปล่อยเป็นไปตามจลนศาสตร์อันดับหนึ่ง อย่างไรก็ตาม ไม่พบความแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญของค่าคงที่อัตราการปลดปล่อยแบบจลนศาสตร์อันดับหนึ่งของไมโครอิมัลชันทุกสูตรตำรับ (p > 0.05) ผลการศึกษาการซึมผ่านผิวพบว่า ระบบไมโครอิมัลชันสามารถช่วยเพิ่มการซึมผ่านชั้นผิวหนัง (%Q24) ของเอคโทอินได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญเมื่อเทียบกับสารละลายเอคโทอิน (p < 0.05) ยกเว้น ตำรับ “IPM w/o” ที่ให้ผลแตกต่างอย่างไม่มีนัยสำคัญ ตำรับไมโครอิมัลชันชนิดน้ำกระจายในน้ำมัน ช่วยเพิ่มการสะสมของเอคโทอินในชั้นผิวหนัง (%Qs) ได้ดีกว่าไมโครอิมัลชันชนิดน้ำมันกระจายในน้ำ อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ (p < 0.05) โดยไม่คำนึงถึงชนิดของน้ำมัน ดังนั้น ไมโครอิมัลชันจึงเป็นระบบที่น่าสนใจสำหรับการนำส่งเอคโทอินเข้าสู่ผิวหนังซึ่งจะพัฒนาต่อยอดเพื่อประยุกต์ใช้ทางอุตสาหกรรมเครื่องสำอางต่อไป