bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing tumor microstructure with oscillating diffusion encoding MRI in pre‐surgical and post‐treatment glioma patients
Authors: Zhu Ante , Shih Robert , Huang Raymond Y. , DeMarco J. Kevin , Bhushan Chitresh , Morris H. Douglas , Kohls Gail , Yeo Desmond T. B. , Marinelli Luca , Mitra Jhimli , Hood Maureen , Ho Vincent B. , Foo Thomas K. F. 
Published: June 2023

PurposeWe hypothesized that the time‐dependent diffusivity at short diffusion times, as measured by oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) diffusion MRI, can characterize tissue microstructures in glioma patients.Theory and MethodsFive adult patients with known diffuse glioma, including two pre‐surgical and three with new enhancing lesions after treatment for high‐grade glioma, were scanned in an ultra‐high‐performance gradient 3.0T MRI system. OGSE diffusion MRI at 30–100 Hz and pulsed gradient spin echo diffusion imaging (approximated as 0 Hz) were obtained. The ADC and trace‐diffusion‐weighted image at each acquired frequency were calculated, that is, ADC (f) and TraceDWI (f).ResultsIn pre‐surgical patients, biopsy‐confirmed solid enhancing tumor in a high‐grade glioblastoma showed higher and lower , compared to that at same OGSE frequency in a low‐grade astrocytoma. In post‐treatment patients, the enhancing lesions of two patients who were diagnosed with tumor progression contained more voxels with high and low , compared to the enhancing lesions of a patient who was diagnosed with treatment effect. Non‐enhancing T2 signal abnormality lesions in both the pre‐surgical high‐grade glioblastoma and post‐treatment tumor progressions showed regions with high and low , consistent with infiltrative tumor. The solid tumor of the glioblastoma, the enhancing lesions of post‐treatment tumor progressions, and the suspected infiltrative tumors showed high diffusion time‐dependency from 30 to 100 Hz, consistent with high intra‐tumoral volume fraction (cellular density).ConclusionDifferent characteristics of OGSE‐based time‐dependent diffusivity can reveal heterogenous tissue microstructures that indicate cellular density in glioma patients.
Retrospective frequency drift correction of rosette MRSI data using spectral registration
Authors: Senthil Sneha , Kadota Brenden , Truong Peter , Near Jamie 
Published: June 2023

PurposeFrequency drift correction is an important postprocessing step in MRS that yields improvements in spectral quality and metabolite quantification. Although routinely applied in single‐voxel MRS, drift correction is much more challenging in MRSI due to the presence of phase‐encoding gradients. Thus, separately acquired navigator scans are normally required for drift estimation. In this work, we demonstrate the use of self‐navigating rosette MRSI trajectories combined with time‐domain spectral registration to enable retrospective frequency drift corrections without the need for separately acquired navigator echoes.MethodsA rosette MRSI sequence was implemented to acquire data from the brains of 5 healthy volunteers. FIDs from the center of k‐space ( FIDs) were isolated from each shot of the rosette acquisition, and time‐domain spectral registration was used to estimate the frequency offset of each FID relative to a reference scan (the first FID in the series). The estimated frequency offsets were then used to apply corrections throughout ‐space. Improvements in spectral quality were assessed before and after drift correction.ResultsSpectral registration resulted in significant improvements in signal‐to‐noise ratio (12.9%) and spectral linewidths (18.5%). Metabolite quantification was performed using LCModel, and the average Cramer‐Rao lower bounds uncertainty estimates were reduced by 5.0% for all metabolites, following field drift correction.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the use of self‐navigating rosette MRSI trajectories to retrospectively correct frequency drift errors in in vivo MRSI data. This correction yields meaningful improvements in spectral quality.
High‐fidelity direct contrast synthesis from magnetic resonance fingerprinting
Authors: Wang Ke , Doneva Mariya , Meineke Jakob , Amthor Thomas , Karasan Ekin , Tan Fei , Tamir Jonathan I. , Yu Stella X. , Lustig Michael 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis work was aimed at proposing a supervised learning‐based method that directly synthesizes contrast‐weighted images from the Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) data without performing quantitative mapping and spin‐dynamics simulations.MethodsTo implement our direct contrast synthesis (DCS) method, we deploy a conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) framework with a multi‐branch U‐Net as the generator and a multilayer CNN (PatchGAN) as the discriminator. We refer to our proposed approach as N‐DCSNet. The input MRF data are used to directly synthesize T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images through supervised training on paired MRF and target spin echo‐based contrast‐weighted scans. The performance of our proposed method is demonstrated on in vivo MRF scans from healthy volunteers. Quantitative metrics, including normalized root mean square error (nRMSE), peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM), learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS), and Fréchet inception distance (FID), were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method and compare it with others.ResultsIn‐vivo experiments demonstrated excellent image quality with respect to that of simulation‐based contrast synthesis and previous DCS methods, both visually and according to quantitative metrics. We also demonstrate cases in which our trained model is able to mitigate the in‐flow and spiral off‐resonance artifacts typically seen in MRF reconstructions, and thus more faithfully represent conventional spin echo‐based contrast‐weighted images.ConclusionWe present N‐DCSNet to directly synthesize high‐fidelity multicontrast MR images from a single MRF acquisition. This method can significantly decrease examination time. By directly training a network to generate contrast‐weighted images, our method does not require any model‐based simulation and therefore can avoid reconstruction errors due to dictionary matching and contrast simulation (code available at:https://github.com/mikgroup/DCSNet).
Effectiveness and methods of cryotherapy in reducing swelling after total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review on randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lee Yoonyoung , Shin Yong Soon , Kim Hyun Jung , An Jiwon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study aims to investigate the effect and methods of cryotherapy in reducing swelling after total knee arthroplasty.DesignSystematic review.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, KERIS and National Science Digital Library for randomized controlled trials on 19 August 2021. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2009 checklist.ResultsA total of eight randomized controlled trials were systematically reviewed to determine the effect and methods of cryotherapy on reducing postoperative swelling. The effects were not significantly different in six studies. Application time per cryotherapy session was 10–20 min when using an ice pack and up to 48 h when using an automated device. The duration ranged from 2 days to 1 week or until discharge, and the frequency varied from 2 to 72 times per day.
High pyroelectric performances of graphene nanoplatelet reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride composite film
Authors: Zeng Bowen , Yang Jinlong , Hang Ziyan , Fan Yucheng , Feng Chuang , Yang Jie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs a semi‐crystalline polymer with pyroelectric properties, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has demonstrated great potential in developing smart and multifunctional materials. However, the low level of β phase in pure PVDF restricts its pyroelectric performance and applications. Selecting graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) as the reinforcing filler, this current work pioneeringly investigates the pyroelectric performances of GNP/PVDF composite films subjected to different scenarios. It is found that the addition of GNP can significantly enhance the formation of the β phase in PVDF and the pyroelectric performances of the composite. When the GNP content is 10 wt%, the pyroelectric coefficient of the GNP/PVDF composite film reaches up to 260 μC/m2K, which is about 10 times that of pure PVDF. Parametric study demonstrates that decreasing the thickness of the composite film and increasing the temperature are beneficial to improve the pyroelectric performances. Moreover, the addition of GNPs cannot only enhance the pyroelectric performance, but also improves the thermal stability of the composite film. The work is envisaged to provide guidelines for the design and manufacturing PVDF‐based sensors with improved sensitivity.
Adsorption kinetics, isotherms and mechanisms of three‐component covalent organic polymer/sodium alginate beads for ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Shi Can , Bai Yuyang , Zhang Fangyuan , Li Yangxue , Gu Junhong , Jia Aiyuan , Liu Zhi , Liu Zhisheng , Hong Mei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCiprofloxacin (CIP), an important representative fluoroquinolone antibiotic, has been frequently detected in water sources, thus threatening aquatic organisms and human health. In this work, a porous three‐component covalent organic polymer (SLEL‐6) was synthesized through multi‐component (MC) reaction systems for adsorptive removal of CIP from aqueous solution, followed by an encapsulation process to achieve SLEL‐6/sodium alginate (SA) beads with boosted adsorption ability, reusability and recyclability. By virtue of the hierarchical porous natures, functional groups as well as π‐rich skeletons, SLEL‐6 and SLEL‐6/SA beads could deal with CIP contamination effectively. Moreover, the adsorption isotherms of CIP by SLEL‐6 and SLEL‐6/SA beads follow the Langmuir model showing high theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of 57.47 and 163.93 mg g−1, respectively. Furthermore, the plausible mechanisms are proposed according to experimental studies of influencing factors, coupled with characterizations before and after adsorption. This work therefore highlighting the immense potential of COP‐based SA composite beads as new‐type globular adsorbents for eliminating fluoroquinolones from aqueous solution.
Ace and ace‐like genes of invasive redlegged earth mite: copy number variation, target‐site mutations, and their associations with organophosphate insensitivity
Authors: Thia Joshua A. , Umina Paul A. , Hoffmann Ary A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundInvasive Australian populations of redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker), are evolving increasing organophosphate resistance. In addition to the canonical ace gene, the target gene of organophosphates, the H. destructor genome contains many radiated ace‐like genes that vary in copy number and amino acid sequence. In this work, we characterise copy number and target‐site mutation variation at the canonical ace and ace‐like genes and test for potential associations with organophosphate insensitivity. This was achieved through comparisons of whole‐genome pool‐seq data from alive and dead mites following organophosphate exposure.ResultsA combination of increased copy number and target‐site mutations at the canonical ace was associated with organophosphate insensitivity in H. destructor. Resistant populations were segregating for G119S, A201S, F331Y at the canonical ace. A subset of populations also had copy numbers of canonical ace > 2, which potentially helps overexpress proteins carrying these target‐site mutations. Haplotypes possessing different copy numbers and target‐site mutations of the canonical ace gene may be under selection across H. destructor populations. We also detected some evidence that increases in copy number of radiated ace‐like genes are associated with organophosphate insensitivity, which might suggest potential roles in sequestration or breakdown of organophosphates.ConclusionDifferent combinations of target‐site mutations and (or) copy number variation in the canonical ace and ace‐like genes may provide non‐convergent ways for H. destructor to respond to organophosphate selection. However, these changes may only play a partial role in organophosphate insensitivity, which appears to have a polygenic architecture. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Genetic variation in a tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) diversity panel reveals loci associated with biotic stress resistance
Authors: Bornowski Nolan , Hart John P. , Palacios Ana Vargas , Ogg Barry , Brick Mark A. , Hamilton John P. , Beaver James S. , Buell C. Robin , Porch Timothy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray), indigenous to the arid climates of northern Mexico and the Southwest United States, diverged from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), approximately 2 million years ago and exhibits a wide range of resistance to biotic stressors. The tepary genome is highly syntenic to the common bean genome providing a foundation for discovery and breeding of agronomic traits between these two crop species. Although a limited number of adaptive traits from tepary bean have been introgressed into common bean, hybridization barriers between these two species required the development of bridging lines to alleviate this barrier. Thus, to fully utilize the extant tepary bean germplasm as both a crop and as a donor of adaptive traits, we developed a diversity panel of 422 cultivated, weedy, and wild tepary bean accessions which were then genotyped and phenotyped to enable population genetic analyses and genome‐wide association studies for their response to a range of biotic stressors. Population structure analyses of the panel revealed eight subpopulations and the differentiation of botanical varieties within P. acutifolius. Genome‐wide association studies revealed loci and candidate genes underlying biotic stress resistance including quantitative trait loci for resistance to weevils, common bacterial blight, Fusarium wilt, and bean common mosaic necrosis virus that can be harnessed not only for tepary bean but also common bean improvement.
Recycle of bio‐waste banana and sisal fiber filled harmlessness epoxy hybrid composite for automotive roof application
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Gopal , Nedunchezhiyan Mukilarasan , Natesan Poyyamozhi , De Poures Melvin Victor , Arunachalam Sivanantham , Rathinavelu Venkatesh , Subbaiyan Naveen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsists of polymer matrix composite is prepared by using natural fiber facilitates high tensile, flexural, and impact toughness properties. The natural fiber utilization in the polymer matrix can overcome the synthetic fiber demerits of poor compatibility, high moisture absorption, and high cost. The present research investigates developing a low‐cost, environmentally eco‐friendly epoxy hybrid composite using different volume percentages of chopped natural waste banana (0Vol%, 5Vol%, 10Vol%, and 15Vol%) and sisal fiber (0Vol%, 15Vol%, 10Vol%, and 5Vol%) through hand mould hot compression technique. The presence of natural waste banana and sisal fiber on tensile strength, flexural strength, and thermal adsorption properties of the epoxy hybrid composite are evaluated by ASTM test standards. The ASTM standard measured test results of epoxy hybrid composite with and without natural waste banana and sisal fiber were compared and sample three was identified by good tensile strength, flexural strength, and better thermal adsorption properties compared to all others. The sample three epoxy hybrid sample is recommended for automotive roof application.
Work productivity and activity impairment in disorders of gut‐brain interaction: Data from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study
Authors: Frändemark Åsa , Törnblom Hans , Hreinsson Jóhann Páll , Andresen Viola , Benninga Marc A. , Corazziari Enrico S. , Fukudo Shin , Mulak Agata , Santos Javier , Sperber Ami D. , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Palsson Olafur S. , Simrén Magnus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDisorders of Gut‐Brain Interaction (DGBI) are highly prevalent worldwide, but their effect on work productivity has not gained much attention.Aims and MethodsWe aimed to compare work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) in persons with and without DGBI in a large population‐based cohort and identify factors independently associated with WPAI in subjects with DGBI. Data were collected from Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain and Sweden via Internet surveys as part of the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study. Apart from the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire, questionnaires evaluating WPAI related to general health (WPAI:GH), psychological distress (PHQ‐4), somatic symptom severity (PHQ‐15) and other factors were assessed.ResultsOf the 16,820 subjects, 7111 met the criteria for DGBI according to the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire. Subjects with DGBI were younger (median (interquartile range) age 43 (31–58) vs. 47 (33–62)) and more often female (59.0% vs. 43.7%) compared to subjects without DGBI. Subjects with DGBI had higher absenteeism, presenteeism (poor work productivity due to illness), overall work impairment and activity impairment (p < 0.001) compared with subjects without. For subjects with DGBI affecting more than one anatomical region, WPAI was incrementally higher for each additional region. There were significant differences in WPAI for subjects with DGBI in different countries. Subjects from Sweden had the highest overall work impairment and from Poland the lowest. Using multiple linear regression, male sex, fatigue, psychological distress, somatic symptom severity and number of anatomical regions were independently associated with overall work impairment (p < 0.05 for all).ConclusionIn the general population, people with DGBI have substantial WPAI compared with those without DGBI. The reasons for these findings should be explored further, but having multiple DGBI, psychological distress, fatigue and somatic symptom severity seem to contribute to this impairment associated with DGBI.
Copper Isotopes Used in Mineral Exploration
Authors: Mathur Ryan , Zhao Yun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe use of copper isotopes related to ore deposit location and genesis has greatly expanded over the past twenty years. The isotope values in ores, rocks, soils, and water range greater than 10‰ and provide ample isotopic variation to identify and interpret complex geological process. From an exploration standpoint, the copper isotope values in waters, sulfides and weathered rocks vector to mineralization at depth. Ground and surface waters display the greatest potential for both green and brownfields exploration, whereas Fe-oxides and other related ore minerals isotope compositions for exploration are nascent. From an ore genesis perspective, the copper isotopes serve as a redox proxy to aid in unraveling magmatic and hydrothermal processes related to metal sulfide precipitation. In summary, the use of copper isotopic approaches by the mining industry are ideal as they point to processes directly related to the metal of economic interest and should be employed in all stages of the mine life from exploration to extraction, and to environmental monitoring post-mining activities.
Applications of Neodymium Isotopes to Ore Deposits and Metallogenic Terranes; Using Regional Isotopic Maps and the Mineral Systems Concept
Authors: Champion David C. , Huston David L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough radiogenic isotopes historically have been used in ore genesis studies for age dating and as tracers, here we document the use of regional- and continental-scale Sm–Nd isotope data and derived isotopic maps to assist with metallogenic interpretation, including the identification of metallogenic terranes. For the Sm–Nd system, calculated Nd model ages, which are time independent, are of most value for small-scale isotopic maps. Typically, one- or two-stage depleted mantle model ages (TDM,T2DM) are used to infer age when the isotope characteristics of the rock were in isotopic equilibrium with a modelled (mantle) reservoir. An additional advantage is that Nd model ages provide, with a number of assumptions, an estimate of the approximate age of continental crust in a region. Regional- and continental-scale Nd model age maps, constructed from rocks such as granites, which effectively sample the middle to lower crust, therefore, provide a proxy to constrain the nature of the crust within a region. They are of increasing use in metallogenic analysis, especially when combined with a mineral systems approach, which recognizes that mineral deposits are the result of geological processes, at a scales from the ore shoot to the craton. These maps can be used empirically and/or predictively to identify and target large parts of mineral systems that may be indicative, or form part of, metallogenic terranes. Examples presented here include observed spatial relationships between mineral provinces and isotopic domains; the identification of old and/or thick cratonic blocks; determination of tectonic regimes favorable for mineralization; identification of isotopically juvenile zones that may indicate rifts or primitive arcs; recognition of crustal breaks that define metallogenic terrane boundaries or delineate fluid pathways; and, as baseline maps. Of course, any analysis of Sm–Nd and similar isotopic maps are predicated on integration with geological, geochemical and geophysical information data. In the future, research in this area should focus on the spatial and temporal evolution of the whole lithosphere at the province- to global-scales to more effectively targeting mineral exploration. This must involve integration of radiogenic isotopic data with other data, in particular, geophysical data, which has the advantage of being able to directly image the crust and lithosphere and being of a more continuous nature as compared to invariably incomplete isotopic data sets.
Applications of Lead Isotopes to Ore Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration
Authors: Huston David L. , Champion David C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough lead isotopes are most commonly used to date geological events, including mineralizing events, they also can provide information on many aspects of metallogeny and can be directly used in mineral exploration. Lead isotope data are generally reported as ratios of radiogenic isotopes normalized to the non-radiogenic isotope204Pb (e.g.206Pb/204Pb,207Pb/204Pb and208Pb/204Pb). These ratios can be used in exploration to characterize the style of mineralization, metal (i.e. Pb) source and as vectors to ore. When combined with lead isotope evolution models, the data can be used to indicate the age and tectonic environment of mineralization. The raw ratios and evolution models enable calculation of derived parameters such as μ (238U/204Pb), κ (232Th/238U) and ω (232Th/204Pb), which provide more information about tectonic setting and can be contoured to identify crustal boundaries and metallogenic provinces. In some cases, tectonic boundaries, mapped using gradients in μ and other derived parameters, are fundamental controls on the distribution of certain deposit types in space and time. Moreover, crustal character, as determined by lead and other radiogenic isotopes (e.g. Nd) can be an indicator of province fertility for many deposit types. The development of cost effective analytical techniques and the assembly of large geo-located datasets for lead and other isotope data has enabled significant advances in understanding the genesis and localization of many deposit type, particularly when the isotopic data are integrated with other independent datasets such as potential field, magnetotelluric, passive seismic and geochemical data.