bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recollected in Tranquillity: Brendan Neiland – Changing Sensibilities
Authors: Finch Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArtist Brendan Neiland's art is exuberant. It rejoices in the world and in beautiful juxtapositions of the manmade and the natural, revelling in anything from the blooms of flowers to the neon nights of the city, high‐speed trains and the sensuous lines of some cars. He likes high‐code aesthetics conjoined with the low, all of which he renders in a palette of vivacious, spray‐painted colour. It is not possible to pass a Neiland without admiring it. Paul Finch, founder of the World Architecture Festival, tracks his recent work and preoccupations.
Programmable Melt Electrowriting to Engineer Soft Connective Tissues with Prescribed, Biomimetic, Biaxial Mechanical Properties
Authors: Mirani Bahram , Mathew Sean O. , Latifi Neda , Labrosse Michel R. , Amsden Brian G. , Simmons Craig A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAppropriate load‐bearing function of soft connective tissues is provided by their nonlinear and often anisotropic mechanics. Recapitulating such complex mechanical behavior in tissue‐engineered structures is particularly crucial, as deviation from native tissue mechanics can trigger pathological biomechanical pathways, causing adverse tissue remodeling and dysfunction. Here, a novel method combining computational modeling, melt electrowriting (MEW), and design of experiments (DOE) is reported to generate scaffolds composed of sinusoidal fibers with prescribed biaxial mechanical properties, recapitulating the distinct nonlinear, anisotropic stress–strain behavior of three model tissues: adult aortic valve, pediatric pulmonary valve, and pediatric pericardium. Finite element analysis is used to efficiently optimize scaffold architecture over a broad parameter space, representing up to 65 conditions, to define MEW print parameters to achieve polycaprolactone scaffolds with target mechanical properties. Architectural parameters are further optimized experimentally using DOE and regression to account for uncertainties involved in the simulation, yielding functional scaffolds with accurate, prescribed mechanics. The prescribed architecture also primarily governs the mechanics of hybrid structures generated by casting cell‐laden fibrin hydrogel within the scaffolds. This high‐fidelity approach recapitulates biaxial mechanical properties over a broad range of mechanical nonlinearity and anisotropy and is generalizable for programmed biofabrication in a variety of tissue engineering applications.
Highly Flexible Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator Based‐on P‐N Junction Interface: Comparative Study on Output Dependency Dominated by Photovoltaic Effect in Freestanding‐Mode
Authors: Sriphan Saichon , Worathat Supakarn , Pharino Utchawadee , Chanlek Narong , Pakawanit Phakkhananan , Choodam Kanokwan , Kanjanaboos Pongsakorn , Maluangnont Tosapol , Vittayakorn Naratip 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe emergence of tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs) paves the way for developing a new kind of semiconductor‐based energy harvester that overcomes the restriction of low output current in a conventional approach. The traditional TVNG generally depends on the frictional pair between two rigid semiconductors (or metal‐semiconductor), limiting the practicability of flexible and portable electronics. Recent developments require the fundamental understanding of charge generation in diverse operating modes and structures. Here, a flexible TVNG based on the p‐Cu2O/n‐g‐C3N4 interface is presented. Operating in a freestanding mode, the proposed TVNG can generate a stable signal in any optical conditions including UV illumination, dark, and ambient. Under UV illumination, the electrical outputs of the TVNG reach 0.43 V and 2.1 µA cm−2, which are significantly larger than those obtained from dark and ambient conditions. The results demonstrate the coupling effect of three phenomena: tribovoltaic, photovoltaic, and triboelectric effects, and the unique mechanism to the observed signal is proposed. Additionally, the TVNG shows the practical feasibility of energy harvesting with capacitor charging and charge‐boosting circuits. This study showcases the unique concept with potential for developing a novel flexible nanogenerator in many aspects, including material, structure, and fundamental mechanism.
Rapid 2D Patterning of High‐Performance Perovskites Using Large Area Flexography
Authors: Huddy Julia E. , Scheideler William J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolution processing of metal halide perovskites offers the potential for efficient, high‐speed roll‐based manufacturing of emerging optoelectronic devices such as lightweight photovoltaics and light emitting diodes at lower cost than achievable with incumbent technologies (e.g., Silicon). However, current perovskite fabrication methods are limited in their speed, uniformity, and patterning resolution, relying on subtractive postdeposition scribing for integration of modules and device arrays. Here, a method for flexographic printing of MA0.6FA0.4PbI3 at 60 m min−1, the fastest reported perovskite absorber deposition and the first report of inline drying integrated with roll‐based printing, is presented. This process delivers high‐resolution patterning (< 3 µm line edge roughness) and precise thickness control through rheological design of precursor inks, allowing scalably printed 50 µm features over large areas (140 cm2), while obviating damaging scribing steps. 2D scanning photoluminescence (PL) is applied to resolve correlations between ink leveling dynamics and optoelectronic quality. Integrating these highly uniform printed perovskite absorbers into n‐i‐p planar perovskite solar cells, photovoltaic conversion efficiency up to 20.4% (0.134 cm2), the highest performance yet reported for any roll‐printed perovskite cells is achieved. This study, thus, establishes flexography as a scalable approach to deposit precisely‐patterned high‐quality perovskites extensible to applications in emitter and detector arrays.
Ultra‐Fine Nano‐Mg(OH)2 Electrodeposited in Flexible Confined Space and its Enhancement of the Performance of LiFePO4 Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Huang Jinwang , Zhang Bo , Zhang Shipeng , Zhao Yuxiang , Qian Yulong , Zeng Jinbo , Suo Ling , Ma Yue , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Wanzhen , Song Lulu , Li Wu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo improve the Li‐ion diffusion and extreme‐environment performance of LiFePO4 (LFP) lithium‐ion batteries, a composite cathode material is fabricated using ultra‐fine nano‐Mg(OH)2 (MH). First, a flexible confined space is designed in the local area of the cathode surface, through the transition of charged xanthan gum polymer molecules under electric field force and the self‐assembly of the xanthan gum network. Then, the 20 nm nano‐Mg(OH)2 is prepared through cathodic electrodeposition within the local flexible confined space, and subsequent in situ surface modification as it traverses the xanthan gum network under gravity. LFP‐MH significantly changes the density and homogeneity of the cathode electrolyte interphase film and improves the electrolyte affinity. The Li||LFP‐MH half‐cell demonstrates excellent rate capability (110 mAh g−1 at 5 C) and long‐term cycle performance (116.6 mAh g−1 at 1 C after 1000 cycles), and maintains over 100 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at 60 °C, as well as no structural collapse of the cathode material after 400 cycles at 5 V high cut‐off voltage. The cell also shows an obvious decrease in inner resistance after 100 cycles (99.53/133.12 Ω). This work provides a significant advancement toward LiFePO4 lithium‐ion batteries with excellent electrochemical performance and tolerance to extreme‐environment.
Reversed Spillover Effect Activated by Pt Atom Dimers Boosts Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lin Zhiping , Wang Zongpeng , Gong Junjie , Jin Tianchen , Shen Shijie , Zhang Qinghua , Wang Jiacheng , Zhong Wenwu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe hydrogen spillover effect has garnered considerable attention as a promising avenue to enhance the activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in metal‐support compound materials. Herein, Pt atom dimers on the NiOOH support are successfully synthesized with a reversed hydrogen spillover effect, demonstrating much better alkaline HER activity than Pt single atoms and Pt clusters. Atomic and electronic structure characterizations unequivocally verify the anchoring of Pt atom dimers on NiOOH through Pt─O bonds, thus obtaining a reversed and enhanced hydrogen spillover effect. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that NiOOH exhibits pronounced water dissociation capability, while the Pt atom dimers, in comparison to Pt single atoms and Pt clusters, demonstrate superior hydrogen desorption ability. The reversed spillover with Pt atom dimers leads to remarkable HER activity in alkaline solutions, as evidenced by an ultra‐small overpotential of 13 mV at 10 mA cm−2. These findings not only provide insights into the potential use of atom dimers for HER, but also shed light on reversed spillover in designing high‐performance catalysts.
Impact of Silicon Ion Irradiation on Aluminum Nitride‐Transduced Microelectromechanical Resonators
Authors: Lynes David D. , Young Joshua , Lang Eric , Chandrahalim Hengky 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicroelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators use is widespread, from electronic filters and oscillators to physical sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes. These devices' ubiquity, small size, and low power consumption make them ideal for use in systems such as CubeSats, micro aerial vehicles, autonomous underwater vehicles, and micro‐robots operating in radiation environments. Radiation's interaction with materials manifests as atomic displacement and ionization, resulting in mechanical and electronic property changes, photocurrents, and charge buildup. This study examines silicon (Si) ion irradiation's interaction with piezoelectrically transduced MEMS resonators. Furthermore, the effect of adding a dielectric silicon oxide (SiO2) thin film is unveiled. Aluminum nitride on silicon (AlN‐on‐Si) and AlN‐SiO2‐Si bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators are designed and fabricated. The devices are irradiated using 2 MeV Si+ions at various fluxes up to a total fluence of 5 × 1014 cm−2. A time anneal is conducted to characterize device recovery. Scattering (S‐) parameters are measured in situ. Specific damage coefficients are derived to describe the radiation effect on resonant frequency (fr), quality factor (Q), motional resistance (Rm), and electromechanical coupling factor (). Furthermore, the damage coefficients for the bulk material properties of elastic modulus (E) and the piezoelectric coefficient (d31) are found.
3D Architectural MXene‐based Composite Films for Stealth Terahertz Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance
Authors: Theja Vaskuri C. S. , Assi Dani S. , Huang Hongli , Alsulami Raghad Saud , Chen Bao Jie , Chan Chi Hou , Shek Chan‐Hung , Karthikeyan Vaithinathan , Roy Vellaisamy A. L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe terahertz frequency range is gaining popularity in security, stealth technology, and the future 6G network communication. For the control of severe terahertz electromagnetic interference (EMI) pollution, frequency‐selective stealth‐capable shielding materials are being explored to mask terahertz signals. For the realization of masking terahertz signals, the robustness, lightweight, and shape‐conformable materials with excellent terahertz EMI shielding/absorption are crucial. Here, the study reports the fabrication of 3D symmetric pyramidal architectural MXene composite films with frequency‐selective stealth performance characteristics via the facile drop casting method. With the high absorption capability of 2D MXene layers, the MXene composite films exhibit substantial terahertz stealth performance. 3D pyramidal microstructure design leads to frequency selective surface‐assisted reflection resonance in the frequency range of 0.6–1.1 THz. The MXene composite film demonstrates an outstanding maximum terahertz shielding effectiveness (SE) of up to 70.4 dB and a specific SE of 0.55 dB µm−1. These terahertz SE values exceed all of those for MX‐based shielding material designs reported in the literature. The investigation will open a new direction toward developing terahertz EMI shielding thin films with easy integration into any surface for stealth capabilities.
Author Guide for Addressing Animal Methods Bias in Publishing
Authors: Krebs Catharine E. , Camp Celean , Constantino Helder , Courtot Lilas , Kavanagh Owen , McCarthy Janine , Ort Melanie‐Jasmin , Sarasija Shaarika , Trunnell Emily R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is growing recognition that animal methods bias, a preference for animal‐based methods where they are not necessary or where nonanimal‐based methods may already be suitable, can impact the likelihood or timeliness of a manuscript being accepted for publication. Following April 2022 workshop about animal methods bias in scientific publishing, a coalition of scientists and advocates formed a Coalition to Illuminate and Address Animal Methods Bias (COLAAB). The COLAAB has developed this guide to be used by authors who use nonanimal methods to avoid and respond to animal methods bias from manuscript reviewers. It contains information that researchers may use during 1) study design, including how to find and select appropriate nonanimal methods and preregister a research plan, 2) manuscript preparation and submission, including tips for discussing methods and choosing journals and reviewers that may be more receptive to nonanimal methods, and 3) the peer review process, providing suggested language and literature to aid authors in responding to biased reviews. The author's guide for addressing animal methods bias in publishing is a living resource also available online at animalmethodsbias.org, which aims to help ensure fair dissemination of research that uses nonanimal methods and prevent unnecessary experiments on animals.
Image‐based measurement of engulfment vortex to quantitatively assess micromixing efficiency in a gas–liquid stirred tank
Authors: Huang Dingwang , Duan Xiaoxia , Feng Xin , Zhang Weipeng , Li Zheng , Mao Zai‐Sha , Yang Chao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicromixing in reactors is typically characterized by chemical test reactions. A novel image‐based measurement system of engulfment vortex (IMEV system) is developed to assess the micromixing efficiency. Over 2000 vortices were recognized from images captured under various experimental cases, and key frames for their formation, engulfment and dissipation were identified. Inspired by the engulfment model (i.e., E model), this work quantified the micromixing time and local turbulent energy dissipation rate with the vortex lifetimes. The micromixing time obtained through the IMEV method is comparable to its value estimated by the micromixing model and segregation index of the test reaction, with a deviation of less than 20%. In turbulent gas–liquid systems, bubbles play a dual role on the local micromixing due to frequent disturbance and phase interface limitation. To summarize, this work offers an alternative approach for micromixing studies and provides valuable insights into dispersed phase effects on the micromixing efficiency.
Race matters in addressing homelessness: A scoping review and call for critical research
Authors: Richard Molly K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStructural racism contributes to homelessness in the United States, as evidenced by the stark racial disparities in who experiences it. This paper reviews research at the intersections of race and homelessness to advance efforts to understand and address racial inequities. Part 1 offers a synthesis of homelessness research from the 1980s to 2015, where several scholars examined the role of race and racism despite mainstream efforts to present the issue as race‐neutral. Part 2 presents the results of a systematic scoping review of research at the intersections of race and homelessness from 2016 to 2021. The 90 articles included demonstrate a growing, multidisciplinary body of literature that documents how needs and trajectories of people experiencing homelessness differ by race, examines how the racialized structuring of society contributes to homelessness risk, and explores how programs, policies, and grassroots action can address inequities. In addition to charting findings and implications, included studies are appraised against research principles developed by Critical Race Theory scholars, mapping the potential of existing research on race and homelessness to challenge racism.
Limb and hip morphology of two African colobine monkeys and its relationship to the mechanics of leaping and bounding locomotion
Authors: Polvadore Taylor , McGraw W. Scott , Daegling David J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesAlthough a bounding gait is practiced by a diversity of animals, the morphological characteristics, kinematics, and energetics associated with this locomotor form remain poorly understood. This study focuses on the locomotor anatomy of two species of African colobine monkeys (Piliocolobus badius, a leaper, and Colobus polykomos, a leaper–bounder) in an effort to assess if bounding should be considered a unique primate locomotor category or is better viewed as a behavior on a leaping continuum.Materials and MethodsA total of 53 femora, 28 humeri, and 45 ossa coxae from the two species provide comparative morphological data. Free‐body models of bounding and leaping are presented to characterize loading conditions. Species differences in morphometric traits are evaluated via parametric and nonparametric tests (i.e., analysis of variance, resampling).ResultsC. polykomos exhibits traits that align more closely with putative leaping specializations when compared to P. badius (e.g., large femoral head, long femur, low femoral neck angle), while also possessing certain traits that are not (e.g., long femoral neck and reduced relative femoral robusticity). Consequently, C. polykomos likely experiences absolutely greater joint forces at the hip and higher bending at the femoral neck both when it leaps and bounds, given equivalent accelerations in bounding and leaping.DiscussionBounding is best described as a form of low‐acceleration leaping. If bounding has lower acceleration requirements relative to leaping, C. polykomos achieves locomotor competence with less energy, relatively smaller bending moments, and reduced joint forces.
An RNA‐Cleaving DNAzyme That Requires an Organic Solvent to Function
Authors: Chang Tianjun , Li Guangping , Chang Dingran , Amini Ryan , Zhu Xiaoni , Zhao Tongqian , Gu Jimmy , Li Zhongping , Li Yingfu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEngineering functional nucleic acids that are active under unusual conditions will not only reveal their hidden abilities but also lay the groundwork for pursuing them for unique applications. Although many DNAzymes have been derived to catalyze diverse chemical reactions in aqueous solutions, no prior study has been set up to purposely derive DNAzymes that require an organic solvent to function. Herein, we utilized in vitro selection to isolate RNA‐cleaving DNAzymes from a random‐sequence DNA pool that were “compelled” to accept 35 % dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cosolvent, via counter selection in a purely aqueous solution followed by positive selection in the same solution containing 35 % DMSO. This experiment led to the discovery of a new DNAzyme that requires 35 % DMSO for its catalytic activity and exhibits drastically reduced activity without DMSO. This DNAzyme also requires divalent metal ions for catalysis, and its activity is enhanced by monovalent ions. A minimized, more efficient DNAzyme was also derived. This work demonstrates that highly functional, organic solvent‐dependent DNAzymes can be isolated from random‐sequence DNA libraries via forced in vitro selection, thus expanding the capability and potential utility of catalytic DNA.
Fabrication and characterization of (PVDF/PEO)/AgBiSe2 polymeric membrane with enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance
Authors: Ismail A. M. , Nasr R. A. , Hameed Talaat A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDriven by the visible band gap, silver bismuth selenide (AgBiSe2) was loaded in PVDF/PEO blend to enhance the photodegradation of Maxilon blue dye. AgBiSe2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by facile solvothermal approach and then loaded to PVDF/PEO (80/20) by 10, 20, and 30 wt%, by evaporative casting method. The X‐ray results in tandem with the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) established the successful fabrication of (PVDF/PEO)/x(AgBiSe2) polymer nanocomposites. The X‐ray analysis verified the formation of hexagonal AgBiSe2 of a crystallite size ranging from 14.3 to 23.24 nm. The FT‐IR results manifested an overlap between functional groups that corroborated the interaction between PVDF and PEO. Peaks of the AgSe, and SeO modes confirmed that the nanofiller and PVDF/PEO blend were successfully incorporated. The micrograph images by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) unraveled the high tendency of AgBiSe2 to form a uniform cluster. The optical band gap was found to be a direct band gap of 2.86 eV for 30 wt% AgBiSe2 proving its validity as visible‐light‐driven photocatalysts. The removal percentages of the prepared membrane are 4.1, 59, 82, and 98 for 0, 10%, 20%, and 30% AgBiSe2 after 300 min of irradiation under simulated sunlight at pH 6.
Catalysis Under Alternating Magnetic Field: Rethinking the Origin of Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Activities
Authors: Liu Sitong , Zhang Yudi , Sun Wen , Ma Dandan , Ma Jinfu , Wei Zhiyang , Huo Juntao , Zhang Dengsong , Li Guowei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMagnetic fields are proposed to be a clean and powerful tool to boost the heterogeneous reaction processes, from the simple two‐electron transfer hydrogen evolution to the complicated proton‐coupling of multi‐electron transfer reactions. Although many mechanisms are proposed to explain the field‐assistant enhancement of activities, it remains an open question of how to understand the contradictory experiment results. In this study, the interplay between the alternating magnetic field (AMF) and the working electrodes from the viewpoint of their relative geometric positions is investigated. It is found that the HER current is almost doubled at an AMF of 25 mT when Pt foil and AMF are parallelly arranged, which is more significant than the perpendicularly arranged configuration. A significant increase in solution resistance is observed, which is in contradiction to previous works. The changing of currents with the AMF strength is investigated for the diamagnetic Cu, ferromagnetic Ni, and paramagnetic Ti and Pt wire, all suggesting the vital role of the induced electromotive force, which is a result of the relative geometric positions between the electrode and AMF. The findings provide an alternative mechanism for the magnetic field‐assisted electrocatalytic processes, which is helpful for the rational design of high‐performance catalysts.