bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota and synbiotic foods: Unveiling the relationship in COVID‐19 perspective
Authors: Akram Noor , Saeed Farhan , Afzaal Muhammad , Shah Yasir Abbas , Qamar Aiza , Faisal Zargham , Ghani Samia , Ateeq Huda , Akhtar Muhammad Nadeem , Tufail Tabassum , Hussain Muzzamal , Asghar Aasma , Rasheed Ammara , Jbawi Entessar Al 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has spread across the globe and is causing widespread disaster. The impact of gut microbiota on lung disease has been widely documented. Diet, environment, and genetics all play a role in shaping the gut microbiota, which can influence the immune system. Improving the gut microbiota profile through customized diet, nutrition, and supplementation has been shown to boost immunity, which could be one of the preventative methods for reducing the impact of various diseases. Poor nutritional status is frequently linked to inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which can affect the immune system. This review emphasizes the necessity of maintaining an adequate level of important nutrients to effectively minimize inflammation and oxidative stress, moreover to strengthen the immune system during the COVID‐19 severity. Furthermore, the purpose of this review is to present information and viewpoints on the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics as adjuvants for microbiota modification and its effects on COVID‐19 prevention and treatment.
Analyzing cross‐talk of EPO and EGF genes along with evaluating therapeutic potential of Cinnamomum verum in cigarette‐smoke‐induced lung pathophysiology in rat model
Authors: Anwar Haseeb , Navaid Soha , Muzaffar Humaira , Hussain Ghulam , Faisal Muhammad Naeem , Ijaz Muhammad Umar , Riđanović Sanel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe integrity of the distal alveolar epithelium is crucial for lung regeneration following an injury. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cinnamomum verum extract; cross‐talk of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) genes in a smoke‐induced lung injury rat model. For experimentation (n = 27), albino rats were divided equally into three groups, i.e., negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and treatment group (TG). Cigarette smoke was exposed to PC and TG (4 CG/day). C. verum was given orally (350 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days. Decapitation (n = 3) was done on 14th, 18th, and 21st days, respectively. Analyses (hematology, biochemical, high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC], histology, and gene expression) were carried out and results were statistically analyzed by two‐way analysis of variance. HPLC analysis of ethanolic extract of C. verum was done to identify the presence of phenolic constituents which showed high concentrations of quercetin and P‐coumaric acid. Serum oxidative parameters such as total oxidant status, malondialdehyde, and hematological parameters such as red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and white blood cells were significantly (p < .05) elevated in the PC group; however, these parameters were significantly (p < .05) improved in TG. While total antioxidant capacity and serum parameters such as total protein, albumin, and globulin were significantly (p < .05) reduced in the PC group but significantly improved (p < .05) in TG. Histological analysis revealed that smoke exposure resulted in a measurable increase in alveolar septal thickening while ethanolic extract of C. verum greatly ameliorated the histopathological changes in the lung alveoli. The gene expression analysis of EGF and EPO genes showed a significant upregulation (p < .05) of both genes in PC group while in TG, the level of both genes downregulated, in which lung damage was ameliorated due to cytoprotective effects of ethanolic extract of C. verum.
Hospital‐based salient prevention and control measures to counteract the 2022 monkeypox outbreak
Authors: Ahmed Sirwan K. , El‐Kader Rabab G. A. , Lorenzo Jose M. , Chakraborty Chiranjib , Dhama Kuldeep , Mohammed Mona G. , Rehman Mohammad Ebad Ur , Abdulrahman Daria S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMonkeypox (MPX) has been declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. As of November 4, 2022, 78,000 verified cases from 109 countries and territories, and 40 deaths have been reported due to MPX. The present article highlights salient hospital‐based prevention and control measures to be adopted and their critical role to mitigate the ongoing MPX outbreaks and global public health emergency.
The role of the natural history museum in promoting word learning for young children
Authors: Lester Nicola , Theakston Anna , Twomey Katherine E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough strong claims have been made about museums being ideal word learning environments, these are yet to be empirically supported. In the current study, 152 four‐ to five‐year‐olds children (81‐M, 71‐F) from minority backgrounds were taught six vocabulary items either in a museum, in their classroom with museum resources, or in their classroom with classroom resources. At test, children taught in their classroom with museum resources produced significantly more correct responses than children taught in the museum or in their classroom with classroom resources. Children were also significantly better at retaining the target vocabulary items than recalling them. These data demonstrate how context can impact word learning and point to the benefits of a collaborative relationship between schools and museums to support children's language development.
Pre‐pragmatic language use in toddlerhood: Developmental antecedents, aetiological factors, and associations to autism
Authors: Rudling Maja , Portugal Ana Maria , Bölte Sven , Falck‐Ytter Terje 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPragmatic language is key for adaptive communication, but often compromised in neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Decontextualized language—to talk about events and things beyond here and now—develops early in childhood and can be seen as a pre‐pragmatic ability. Little is known about the factors that contribute to decontextualized language use in toddlers and whether these are different from factors contributing to general language development.MethodsWe studied longitudinal associations between parent‐rated core language and non‐verbal socio‐communicative abilities at 14 months of age, and decontextualized language use at 24 months of age in children with typical and elevated likelihood of ASD (total N = 303). Using twin modelling, we also investigated genetic and environmental contributions on decontextualized language and grammar use in two‐year‐old twin pairs (total N = 374).ResultsCore language ability was a strong predictor of later decontextualized language use in both children with and without an elevated likelihood of ASD. In contrast, social communication was only a significant predictor of decontextualized language use for children with low levels of core language. This pattern was specific to decontextualized language, and not replicated in prediction of concurrent grammatical ability. Further, there was a large genetic influence on decontextualized language at 2 years of age, which mostly overlapped with the genetic influences on grammatical ability. Shared environment influences were significant for grammatical ability, but not found on decontextualized language. In children with an elevated likelihood of ASD, decontextualized language use was negatively associated with autistic symptoms.ConclusionsThis study suggests that decontextualized language is developmentally associated with, yet dissociable from, more general language development measured as grammatical ability. Already at 2 years of age, parental ratings of decontextualized language is associated to clinician‐rated symptoms of ASD.
Level‐set‐based method for designing novel brushed synchronous machines
Authors: Ristagno Baptiste , Devornique Geoffrey , Giraud Dominique , Fontchastagner Julien , Netter Denis , Takorabet Noureddine , Labbe Nicolas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNowadays, research on electromagnetic devices increasingly focuses on multiphysics three‐dimensional complex systems. However, this kind of simulations require huge computational resources and consequently very high CPU time. Ristagno et al. proposed a level‐set based method allowing meshing step savings in any iterative processes (as movement modeling or optimization processes). The level‐set method lies in implicit description of moving fronts as described in the study by Osher et al. (1988). Inspired by Räisänen et al., all physical parameters (material properties, supply or armature movement) are implemented by projection of mathematical functions. In this paper, the authors proposes to study and design a new kind of mechanical commutator for DC machines thanks to this coupled method. Indeed, there is a renewed interest in DC machines because they can be suitable for small mobilities. To be noted, small mobility concerns all kind of vehicles (2 wheels–4 wheels–autonomous vehicles such as drones) that have speeds below 50 km/h. However, specifications for traction applications are difficult to achieve for such a rustic machine and requires some modifications. That is why, inspired by usual synchronous machine, the commutator has been redesigned to obtain expected theoretically signal waveform. Furthermore, numerical coupled simulations have been used to design both machine and supply simultaneously. This work has led to the manufacture of a proof of concept and preliminary results are very promising.
The oncologic efficacy of extended thoracic resections
Authors: Kader Sarah , Watkins Ammara , Servais Elliot L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLocally invasive lung cancers pose unique challenges for management. Surgical resection of these tumors can pose high morbidity due to the invasion into surrounding structures, including the spine, chest wall, and great vessels. With advances in immunotherapy and chemoradiation, the role for radical resection of these malignancies and associated oncologic outcomes is evolving. This article reviews the current literature of extended thoracic resections with a focus on technical approach, functional outcomes, and oncologic efficacy.
Three‐dimensional technologies in chest wall resection and reconstruction
Authors: Young John S. , McAllister Miles , Marshall M. Blair 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResection and reconstruction of the chest wall can pose unique challenges given its vital role in the protection of the thoracic viscera and the dynamic part it plays in respiration. A number of new three‐dimensional (3D) technologies may be invaluable in tackling these challenges. Herein we review the use of 3D technologies in preoperative imaging with virtual 3D models, printing of 3D models for preoperative planning, and printing of 3D prostheses when approaching complex chest wall reconstruction.
A dual‐band dual‐sense circularly polarized antenna based on chiral structure
Authors: Wang Yan , Yang Xue‐Xia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA millimeter‐wave (MMW) dual‐band dual‐sense (DBDS) circular polarization (CP) antenna based on a chiral structure is presented. An arc parasitic patch is loaded around a circular patch to have chiral characteristics. This structure exhibits bi‐isotropy to the electromagnetic wave. The linear polarization (LP) wave passes through the chiral structure and excites the orthogonal left‐handed (LH) and right‐handed (RH) CP waves. The antenna is fabricated and measured. The LHCP radiation is achieved in the range between 23.75 and 24.25 GHz, and the RHCP radiation is between 27.75 and 28.25 GHz. The realized gains reach 6.9 dBic at 24 GHz and reach 7.1 dBic at 28 GHz. The proposed antenna has a profile of 1.044 mm (0.08 λ) and occupies an area of 0.54 λ × 0.54 λ, λ is the free‐space wavelength at the lower frequency and is convenient for array design.
Real‐time versus retrospective self‐report assessment of loss‐of‐control eating in adults undergoing bariatric surgery
Authors: Goldschmidt Andrea B. , Smith Kathryn E. , Thomas J. Graham , Espel‐Huynh Hallie M. , Jones Daniel B. , Vithiananthan Sivamainthan , Bond Dale S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveLoss‐of‐control (LOC) eating is common in adults undergoing bariatric surgery. Agreement between real‐time and retrospective assessment methods is unclear.MethodsAdults with severe obesity reported on LOC eating over the preceding 28 days via Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) items and in near real time over 10 days via ecological momentary assessment (EMA; involving daily repeated surveys delivered via smartphone in the natural environment), with both assessment forms completed before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Wilcoxon signed rank tests and generalized linear mixed models were used to compare participants' EDE‐Q and EMA reports of subjectively and objectively large LOC episodes across time points.ResultsParticipants reported subjectively large LOC episodes more frequently via EMA than EDE‐Q across time points, although differences did not reach statistical significance (all p > 0.05). Conversely, objectively large LOC episodes were more frequently reported via EDE‐Q than EMA, with differences reaching significance at 6 months post surgery only (p = 0.03).ConclusionsAgreement between real‐time and retrospective assessments of LOC eating varied by episode size and time elapsed in the year following surgery. These findings should be considered when designing assessment batteries for bariatric surgery–seeking adults and when extrapolating research findings across studies with diverging methods of real‐time versus retrospective self‐report assessment of LOC eating in adults undergoing bariatric surgery.
Validation of the Entrainment Signal Regularity Index and associations with children's changes in BMI
Authors: Moreno Jennette P. , Hannay Kevin M. , Goetz Amy R. , Walch Olivia , Cheng Philip 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the validity of a novel metric of circadian health, the Entrainment Signal Regularity Index (ESRI), and its relationship to changes in BMI during the school year and summer.MethodsIn a longitudinal observational data set, this study examined the relationship between ESRI score and children's (n = 119, 5‐ to 8‐year‐olds) sleep and physical activity levels during the school year and summer, differences in ESRI score during the school year and summer, and the association of ESRI score during the school year and summer with changes in BMI across those time periods.ResultsThe ESRI score was higher during the school year (0.70 ± 0.10) compared with summer (0.63 ± 0.11); t(111) = 5.484, p < 0.001. Whereas the ESRI score at the beginning of the school year did not significantly predict BMI change during the school year (β = 0.05 ± 0.09 SE, p = 0.57), having a higher ESRI score during summer predicted smaller increases in BMI during summer (β = −0.22 ± 0.10 SE, p = 0.03).ConclusionsOverall, children demonstrated higher entrainment regularity during the school year compared with the summer. During summer, having a higher entrainment signal was associated with smaller changes in summertime BMI. This effect was independent of the effects of children's sleep midpoint, sleep regularity, and physical activity on children's BMI.
SERS‐Based Biosensors Combined with Machine Learning for Medical Application**
Authors: Ding Yan , Sun Yang , Liu Cheng , Jiang Qiao‐Yan , Chen Feng , Cao Yue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has shown strength in non‐invasive, rapid, trace analysis and has been used in many fields in medicine. Machine learning (ML) is an algorithm that can imitate human learning styles and structure existing content with the knowledge to effectively improve learning efficiency. Integrating SERS and ML can have a promising future in the medical field. In this review, we summarize the applications of SERS combined with ML in recent years, such as the recognition of biological molecules, rapid diagnosis of diseases, developing of new immunoassay techniques, and enhancing SERS capabilities in semi‐quantitative measurements. Ultimately, the possible opportunities and challenges of combining SERS with ML are addressed.
New simulation insights on the structural transition mechanism of bovine rhodopsin activation
Authors: Damodaran Kamalesh , Khan Taushif , Bickel David , Jaya Sreeshma , Vranken Wim F. , Sudandiradoss Chinnappan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInactive rhodopsin can absorb photons, which induces different structural transitions that finally activate rhodopsin. We have examined the change in spatial configurations and physicochemical factors that result during the transition mechanism from the inactive to the active rhodopsin state via intermediates. During the activation process, many existing atomic contacts are disrupted, and new ones are formed. This is related to the movement of Helix 5, which tilts away from Helix 3 in the intermediate state in lumirhodopsin and moves closer to Helix 3 again in the active state. Similar patterns of changing atomic contacts are observed between Helices 3 and 5 of the adenosine and neurotensin receptors. In addition, residues 220–238 of rhodopsin, which are disordered in the inactive state, fold in the active state before binding to the Gα, where it catalyzes GDP/GTP exchange on the Gα subunit. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations in the membrane environment revealed that the arrestin binding region adopts a more flexible extended conformation upon phosphorylation, likely promoting arrestin binding and inactivation. In summary, our results provide additional structural understanding of specific rhodopsin activation which might be relevant to other Class A G protein‐coupled receptor proteins.
Kriging‐based reliability analysis for a multi‐output structural system with multiple response Gaussian process
Authors: Qian Hua‐Ming , Wei Jing , Huang Hong‐Zhong , Dong Qingbing , Li Yan‐Feng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an active learning Kriging (ALK) based reliability analysis method for a multi‐output structural system by using a multiple response Gaussian process (MRGP) model. Firstly, various failure modes, including their interactions, are involved in a multi‐output structural system. The MRGP model is used to construct the surrogate model directly because it can efficiently characterize the correlation between different failure modes. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is integrated into the MRGP model to optimize the hyperparameter. Secondly, similar to ALK‐based reliability method, three improved functions for these common learning functions (e.g., U‐function, EFF‐function, H‐function) are proposed, which consider the distance requirement between the iteration sample point and training samples. Finally, the cross‐validation methodology is employed as the stopping criterion and several numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness.
Strong precious metal–metal oxide interaction for oxygen reduction reaction: A strategy for efficient catalyst design
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chang Jinfa , Yang Yang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an electrochemical reaction in which dissolved oxygen in an electrolyte is reduced to OH−/H2O when receiving electrons. This reaction plays a crucial role in shaping the efficiency of both metal–air batteries and fuel cells, and precious metals are the dominant catalysts carrying out the ORR in their cathodes. However, how to manipulate the electronic structure of precious metals as active sites to further promote ORR performance and maximize the utilization rate is still under development. Metal oxide serves as suitable and promising support that can strongly interact with precious metals for both activity and durability enhancement. Herein, we present recent research updates on strong precious metal–metal oxide interaction (SPMMOI) utilized in ORR. We start by introducing the background of ORR, the issues to be solved, and its practical applications followed by a thorough discussion of the reaction mechanism and comprehensive evaluation protocols of performance. We then provide a complete understanding of the working principle of SPMMOI and highlight the related advances. Finally, we summarize the merits of the precious metal–metal oxide system and propose the research direction as well as some urgent problems to be addressed in the future.
Hydrogen sulfide removal from fermentative biohydrogen process: Effect of ZSM‐5 zeolite loading
Authors: Asman Muhammad Khairul Adha , Lutpi Nabilah Aminah , Wong Yee‐Shian , Hanif Muhammad Adli , Ong Soon‐An , Dahalan Farrah Aini , Iberahim Nur Izzati , Hamdzah Myzairah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe production and consumption of biohydrogen is growing because it is a “green,” renewable energy that can be obtained in a relatively cost‐effective manner through anaerobic digestion. Biohydrogen produced from biomass is a viable source of renewable energy; nevertheless, the presence of highly toxic and corrosive hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the process can hinder the quality of biohydrogen production and limit its application in energy conversion equipment. Consequently, the goal of the research was to assess the feasibility of using ZSM‐5 zeolite for H2S adsorption that function as activating agent to enhance biohydrogen quality under thermophilic conditions. The effect of ZMS‐5 Zeolite loading (0.2–1.0 g) on biohydrogen production via dark fermentation from mixed fruit waste (MFW) was investigated using anaerobic sludge from a sewage treatment plant. The pH of the broth mixture was adjusted to 6.0, anaerobic conditions were created by purging it with nitrogen gas, and the temperature of the fermentative biohydrogen process was maintained at 60°C. Meanwhile, the H2S adsorption test was run at ambient temperature with flow rates (100 ml/min) and an H2S inlet concentration of 10000 ppm. The results indicate that the Z + H2S exhibit spectral lines corresponding to the S‐H asymmetric stretching vibration of H2S at 2345.97 cm−1. The ideal adsorption capacity is at 0.8 g with yet, increasing the dosage amount of adsorbents, increases the time required for the adsorbent to achieve 90% saturation. The non‐linear curve fitting demonstrated that the adsorption kinetics of all dosages used followed those of the Avrami kinetic model. This approach of using ZSM‐5 zeolite for H2S removal provides an advantage in terms of minimizing environmental pollution and having great potential uses in industrial processes.
Algorithms push forward the application of MALDI–TOF mass fingerprinting in rapid precise diagnosis
Authors: Zhu Yingdi , Girault Hubert H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMacromolecular mass fingerprinting using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry is a quick tool for biochemical analysis. In combination with algorithms for automated data analysis and interpretation, it has wide application potentials in life science, especially for diagnostic purposes. This review aims to illustrate recent advances of this analytical tool, focusing on the improvement of the experimental techniques, the data analysis algorithms, and more importantly the applications in rapid precise diagnosis.