bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and incidence of patients with generalized pustular psoriasis in Denmark—A nationwide registry‐based study
Authors: Haugaard Jeanette Halskou , Thein David , Egeberg Alexander 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundGeneralized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by episodic flares of erythematous painful skin with widespread sterile pustules. The disease is a rare and potentially life‐threatening variant of psoriasis. To date, little is known about the incidence and prevalence of GPP; possibly due to the rarity of the disease.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the incidence and prevalence of patients with GPP in Denmark.MethodsThe incidence and prevalence of GPP were calculated based on data from the Danish nationwide administrative registries. We identified patients with incident GPP as those recorded with a first‐ever diagnostic code for GPP between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2018. The prevalence of GPP was estimated based on all Danes alive and resident in the source population on 31 December 2018.ResultsThe incidence rates of GPP varied from 0.14 to 0.43 per 100,000 person‐years in a period spanning 22 years (1997–2018). There was generally a strong female predominance among patients diagnosed with GPP, and mean age at the time of diagnosis varied from 47 to 64 years in the study period. We estimated the lifetime prevalence of GPP to be 0.0111%, or 11.1 per 100,000 Danish residents.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the incidence rates of GPP have remained stable in a time‐period spanning 22 years from 1997 to 2018, however, the rate of inpatient hospitalizations did appear to be somewhat decreasing in more recent years.
AC corrosion of steel pipeline under cathodic protection: A state‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Farahani Emadoddin Majdabadi , Su Yuhan , Chen Xiao , Wang Hao , Laughorn Tyler R. , Onesto Frank , Zhou Qixin , Huang Qindan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBy the advancement of the oil, electricity, and transportation industries, an increasing number of oil and gas pipelines were buried alongside high‐voltage alternating current (AC) transmission lines and electrified railways. This resulted in a growing issue of AC interference in buried pipelines. Previous studies have shown that the presence of AC interference can result in severe corrosion damage to metallic structures, even when cathodic protection (CP) is available. This paper provides a state‐of‐the‐art review on AC corrosion of cathodically protected pipeline steel. Specifically, attention is paid to research areas including influencing factors in AC corrosion for pipelines under CP, existing AC protection criteria, corrosion risk assessment based on probability of failure, numerical simulation in AC corrosion, and mitigation of AC corrosion. Each area of research is reviewed in detail and the corresponding technical gaps and future research opportunities are identified and discussed.
Harmonizing Genetic Testing for Parkinson's Disease: Results of the PARKNET Multicentric Study
Authors: Di Fonzo Alessio , Percetti Marco , Monfrini Edoardo , Palmieri Ilaria , Albanese Alberto , Avenali Micol , Bartoletti‐Stella Anna , Blandini Fabio , Brescia Gloria , Calandra‐Buonaura Giovanna , Campopiano Rosa , Capellari Sabina , Colangelo Isabel , Comi Giacomo Pietro , Cuconato Giada , Ferese Rosangela , Galandra Caterina , Gambardella Stefano , Garavaglia Barbara , Gaudio Andrea , Giardina Emiliano , Invernizzi Federica , Mandich Paola , Mineri Rossana , Panteghini Celeste , Reale Chiara , Trevisan Lucia , Zampatti Stefania , Cortelli Pietro , Valente Enza Maria ,   the PARKNET study group
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectiveEarly‐onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) commonly recognizes a genetic basis; thus, patients with EOPD are often addressed to diagnostic testing based on next‐generation sequencing (NGS) of PD‐associated multigene panels. However, NGS interpretation can be challenging in a diagnostic setting, and few studies have addressed this issue so far.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from 648 patients with PD with age at onset younger than 55 years who underwent NGS of a minimal shared panel of 15 PD‐related genes, as well as PD‐multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification in eight Italian diagnostic laboratories. Data included a minimal clinical dataset, the complete list of variants included in the diagnostic report, and final interpretation (positive/negative/inconclusive). Patients were further stratified based on age at onset ≤40 years (very EOPD, n = 157). All variants were reclassified according to the latest American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria. For classification purposes, PD‐associated GBA1 variants were considered diagnostic.ResultsIn 186 of 648 (29%) patients, the diagnostic report listed at least one variant, and the outcome was considered diagnostic (positive) in 105 (16%). After reanalysis, diagnosis changed in 18 of 186 (10%) patients, with 5 shifting from inconclusive to positive and 13 former positive being reclassified as inconclusive. A definite diagnosis was eventually reached in 97 (15%) patients, of whom the majority carried GBA1 variants or, less frequently, biallelic PRKN variants. In 89 (14%) cases, the genetic report was inconclusive.ConclusionsThis study attempts to harmonize reporting of PD genetic testing across several diagnostic labs and highlights current difficulties in interpreting genetic variants emerging from NGS‐multigene panels, with relevant implications for counseling. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Evaluation of the molecular origin of amide proton transfer–weighted imaging
Authors: Sun Casey , Zhao Yu , Zu Zhongliang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the assumption in amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) imaging that the APT dominates over the relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement (rNOE) and other CEST effects such as those from amines/guanidines, thereby providing imaging of mobile proteins/peptides.MethodsWe introduced two auxiliary asymmetric analysis metrics that can vary the relative contributions from amine/guanidinium CEST and other effects. By comparing these metrics with the conventional asymmetric analysis metric on healthy rat brains, we can approximately assess the contribution from amines/guanidines to APTw and determine whether the APT dominates over the rNOE effect. To further investigate the molecular origin of APTw, we used samples of dialyzed tissue homogenates to eliminate small metabolites and supernatants of homogenates to separate lipids from other components.ResultsWhen the APTw signal is positive using high saturation amplitudes (e.g., 2–3 μT), the contributions from amines/guanidines are significant and cannot be ignored. The APTw signal from the dialyzed homogenates and the controls has negligible changes, indicating that it primarily originates from macromolecules rather than small metabolites. Additionally, the APTw signals with low saturation amplitudes (e.g., 1 μT) were negative in tissue homogenates but positive in their supernatants, suggesting that proteins contribute positively to APTw signals, whereas lipids contribute negatively to it.ConclusionThe positive APTw signal using high saturation amplitudes could have significant contributions from soluble proteins through CEST, including amide/amine/guanidine proton transfer effects. In contrast, the negative APTw signal using low saturation amplitudes has significant contribution from lipids through rNOE.
Finding the sweet spot: Managing parenteral nutrition–related glycemic complications in hospitalized adults
Authors: Cogle Sarah V. , Hutchison Amber M. , Mulherin Diana W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParenteral nutrition (PN) remains an important aspect of treating hospitalized adult patients who are otherwise unable to achieve adequate nutrition intake. PN is highly individualized and requires careful adjustment of macronutrients and micronutrients to minimize complications. One frequent complication associated with PN involves blood glucose (BG) derangements including both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. PN‐related glycemic complications are complex and multifactorial. Close BG monitoring is required for selecting and evaluating therapeutic interventions. BG goals for patients treated with PN may vary depending on patient‐specific characteristics. Since dextrose provides the carbohydrate source in PN prescriptions, hyperglycemia may be expected, but nondextrose causes must also be considered. Insulin is a mainstay of therapy for managing glycemic complications related to PN, and the regimen chosen depends on patient‐specific factors. However, insulin therapy also places the patient at an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Similarly, insulin is not the sole cause of hypoglycemia in these patients. The aim of this review is to describe the factors associated with dysglycemia during PN therapy and provide recommendations for minimizing and managing these complications, which is paramount to providing high‐quality patient care and improving clinical outcomes.
Bismaleimide resin co‐modified by allyl ether of resveratrol and allyl ether of eugenol‐grafted polysiloxane with enhanced toughness, heat resistance, and flame retardancy
Authors: Xie Kaili , Zhang Zilong , Zhang Ke , Li Xiaohan , Bao Ying , Huang Jiateng , Li Xiaojie , Liu Jingcheng , Wei Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractModifying bismaleimide (BMI) resin to improve its toughness and flame retardancy without sacrificing the glass transition temperature (Tg) and thermal decomposition stability is still a challenge. In this study, we employed the allyl ether of resveratrol (AER) and eugenol allyl ether grafted polysiloxane (PMES‐Allyl) to co‐modify BMI resin. For the BMI/AER/PMES‐Allyl (BAPA) resin, the content of PMES‐Allyl was 15 wt%, and the molar ratio of maleimide and allyl groups was controlled as 1:0.8. Compared to commercial 2,2′‐diallyl bisphenol A modified BMI (BD) resin, the BAPA resin exhibited superior thermal properties after curing, due to the role of AER in improving the crosslinking density and chain rigidity of the network. The cured BAPA resin had a Tg more than 380°C, and its initial thermal decomposition temperature (Td5%) and char yield (Y800°C) reached 424.8°C and 46.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, PMES‐Allyl as a rubber phase could effectively improve the toughness of the cured resin. The impact strength of the cured BAPA resin was 15.2 kJ/m2. Moreover, the two modifiers both helped to improve the flame retardancy of the material. Compared with the cured BD resin, the cured BAPA resin showed a decrease of peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and maximum average rate of heat emission (MARHE) by 25.5%, 35.5%, and 31.5%, respectively. Its total smoke production (TSP) was only 35.6% of that of the cured BD resin. In addition, the cured BAPA resin also displayed a lowered water absorption and improved thermal aging resistance. Therefore, it is suggested to be a promising and high‐performance thermosetting resin for cutting‐edge applications.
Autocrine positive feedback of tumor necrosis factor from activated microglia proposed to be of widespread relevance in chronic neurological disease
Authors: Clark Ian A. , Vissel Bryce 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver a decade's experience of post‐stroke rehabilitation by administering the specific anti‐TNF biological, etanercept, by the novel perispinal route, is consistent with a wide range of chronically diminished neurological function having been caused by persistent excessive cerebral levels of TNF. We propose that this TNF persistence, and cerebral disease chronicity, largely arises from a positive autocrine feedback loop of this cytokine, allowing the persistence of microglial activation caused by the excess TNF that these cells produce. It appears that many of these observations have never been exploited to construct a broad understanding and treatment of certain chronic, yet reversible, neurological illnesses. We propose that this treatment allows these chronically activated microglia to revert to their normal quiescent state, rather than simply neutralizing the direct harmful effects of this cytokine after its release from microglia. Logically, this also applies to the chronic cerebral aspects of various other neurological conditions characterized by activated microglia. These include long COVID, Lyme disease, post‐stroke syndromes, traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, post‐chemotherapy, post‐irradiation cerebral dysfunction, cerebral palsy, fetal alcohol syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, the antinociceptive state of morphine tolerance, and neurogenic pain. In addition, certain psychiatric states, in isolation or as sequelae of infectious diseases such as Lyme disease and long COVID, are candidates for being understood through this approach and treated accordingly. Perispinal etanercept provides the prospect of being able to treat various chronic central nervous system illnesses, whether they are of infectious or non‐infectious origin, through reversing excess TNF generation by microglia.
Uterine rupture in first versus second stage of labour—A case‐series study in a tertiary referral centre
Authors: Schalén Ida , Varli Ingela H. , Wollmann Charlotte L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo analyse at what point during delivery, and during what clinical circumstances uterine rupture occurs. Uterine rupture is a rare peripartum complication associated with severe outcome for both mother and child. To date, many studies have characterized potential risk factors to uterine rupture, however, the intrapartum course remains unclear.Material and MethodsA case‐series study based on data collected from patient data records on all women with uterine rupture at a tertiary referral centre between 2008 and 2019. Data were compared on women with uterine rupture during first versus second stage of labour, and women with spontaneous onset versus induced labour.ResultsA total of 109 women were included, whereof 94.5% had one or more previous caesarean deliveries. Uterine rupture occurred during the whole course of labour. Women with uterine rupture during second stage of labour (n = 46) compared to women with uterine rupture during first stage of labour (n = 63), were more exposed to oxytocin (p < 0.0001), tended to use epidural anaesthesia more often during delivery (p = 0.053), had larger mean volume of haemorrhage (p = 0.015), and tended to have a higher occurrence of low Apgar score (p = 0.051) and asphyxia in the infant (p = 0.04). Women with induced labour (n = 42) tended to have shorter time‐to‐uterine‐rupture than women with spontaneous onset (n = 67) (p = 0.055).ConclusionsUterine rupture occur both in first and second stage of labour. Maternal and infant outcomes are worse when uterine rupture occurs in the second stage of labour. These results emphasize the importance of a close monitoring during the whole course of delivery.
A wind‐electric hybrid polar roaming robot: Design, modeling, and experiments
Authors: Guo Lefan , Liu Gangfeng , Luo Yongsheng , Jiang Peng , Zhao Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe background observation of the polar region is used to develop the requirements with regard to low carbon and no pollution for scientific research. Polar robots have certain advantages over human beings, but their long‐term residence still faces the problems of energy supply and autonomous control. To solve this problem, a hybrid wind‐ and electricity‐driven polar roaming robot is presented and includes the consideration of low carbon and energy savings. It innovatively uses wind energy as the main driving force and is assisted by electric energy, which is used when wind energy is not sufficiently available. In the ideal scenario, compared with traditional pure electric‐driven robots, it can save up to approximately 3/4 of energy. In this paper, the design principle is described, then the sail structure and some innovative mechanisms of the robot are designed, and the theoretical analysis and simulation of the mechanisms are carried out. The innovative mechanism enables good motion control under wind and electric drives, as well as the switching of the drive modes. Of particular importance, the aerodynamic performance of the sail structure is analyzed, and the optimal control scheme for sailing the robot is proposed. Then, a prototype of the polar robot is developed, the structure rationality and principle feasibility of which are verified in experiments, and the energy‐saving effect is confirmed by calculation.
Entwicklung der Rekristallisationskorngröße an kaltumgeformten hochfesten Stählen
Authors: Werner Tom , Nitschke‐Pagel Thomas , Dilger Klaus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDie Gefahr der Versprödung von Stählen beim Schweißen in kaltumgeformten Bereichen führt zu vielen Fertigungsrestriktionen bzw. zu hohen Fertigungskosten. Der Grund der Versprödung liegt in der Grobkornbildung der Rekristallisationszone. In diesem Beitrag wurden drei hochfeste Stähle hinsichtlich ihrer Versprödungsneigung bei unterschiedlichen Umformgraden über ein Temperaturspektrum untersucht. Ziel war es, die Temperaturen während des Schweißens in der Rekristallisationszone zu simulieren und damit das Kornwachstum abzuschätzen. Dazu wurden die Werkstoffe auf maximale Dehnungen bis kurz vor der Gleichmaßdehnung gelängt. Die anschließende Wärmebehandlung erfolgte zwischen 500 °C und 800 °C mit verschiedenen Haltezeiten. Über die gesamte Versuchsreihe konnte kein nennenswerter Zusammenhang zwischen Kornwachstum, Umformgrad, Glühdauer und Glühtemperatur festgestellt werden. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass beim Längen hochfester Stähle der kritische Umformgrad nicht erreicht werden kann und somit keine Grobkornbildung in der Rekristallisationszone stattfindet.
MiRNA‐26a‐5p inhibits preterm labor initiation by targeting and regulating TRPC3 ion channel protein expression
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Tong , Cui Hong , Na Quan , Liu Sishi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe incidence of preterm birth (PTB) is increasing annually worldwide, leading to various health problems or even fetal deaths. Our previous work demonstrated the activation of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C 3 (TRPC3) in mice with PTB, and its activation could promote inward flow of calcium ions and uterine smooth muscle (USM) contraction via regulation of Cav3.2, Cav3.1, and Cav1.2. However, the upstream regulators of TRPC3 and its mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, the binding of miR‐26a‐5p to the 3′ untranslated region of TRPC3 was predicted by bioinformatics databases (TargetScanHuman and starBase v3.0) and confirmed by a dual‐luciferase assay. MiR‐26a‐5p was downregulated, while TRPC3 was upregulated in the USM tissues of patients with PTB compared to people without PTB. The results showed that miR‐26a‐5p mimic transfection markedly reduced TRPC3 expression in LPS‐stimulated USM cells. Additionally, miR‐26a‐5p regulated intracellular Ca2+ levels in USM cells by targeting TRPC3. Furthermore, miR‐26a‐5p inhibited the CPI17/PKC/PLCγ signaling pathway and reduced the expression of Cav3.2, Cav3.1, and Cav1.2. In conclusion, miR‐26a‐5p regulated the initiation of PTB by targeting TRPC3 and regulating intracellular Ca2+ levels. This study provides a promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PTB.
At the intersection of climate justice and reproductive justice
Authors: Sasser Jade S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate justice and reproductive justice are distinct scholarly and activist frameworks that have received significant attention in recent years—particularly with respect to how they might be linked together. In this overview, I survey the main lenses through which various actors have linked climate justice and reproductive justice in the United States. First, I review the literatures: on climate justice, the perspective that those who are least responsible for the conditions causing climate change are disproportionately impacted by it; and on the reproductive justice, which focuses on rejecting reproductive oppression to achieve comprehensive reproductive autonomy for individuals and communities. Next, I analyze frameworks that seek to reframe reproductive justice through a populationist, climate‐centered lens. I contrast these framings with new approaches focused on racial health disparities and intergenerational justice. The article ends with questions about the next directions in climate justice and reproductive justice linkages: in particular, the role of eco‐anxiety in shaping reproductive futures. In so doing, I argue for approaches that challenge mainstream framings focused on population size and growth, and instead foreground the embodied reproductive outcomes of climate‐impacted communities.This article is categorized under:Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Ethics and Climate ChangeClimate, Nature, and Ethics > Climate Change and Human RightsVulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Values‐Based Approach to Vulnerability and Adaptation
Oxohydroxo‐Tellurates(VI) K2[TeO2(OH)4] and K2[Fe2TeO6(OH)2] ⋅ 2H2O from Alkaline Hydroflux
Authors: He Huanyu , Li Yuxi , Albrecht Ralf , Ruck Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ultra‐alkaline conditions of a hydroflux offer the possibility of redox chemistry far from the electrochemical standard potentials. We explored the possibilities of synthesizing tellurium(VI) compounds, using both tellurium(VI) and tellurium(IV) as starting materials. Colorless, block‐shaped crystals of the oxohydroxotellurate(VI) K2[TeO2(OH)4] were synthesized from (NH4)2TeO4 in a KOH hydroflux at 200 °C. In the triclinic crystal structure, [TeO2(OH)4]2− octahedra are connected via hydrogen bonds to form layers, which are separated from each other by potassium cations. Yellow‐colored platelets of the ferrate(III) tellurate(VI) K2[Fe2TeO6(OH)2] ⋅ 2H2O were obtained by oxidation of TeO2 with H2O2 followed by reaction with Fe(NO3)3 ⋅ 9H2O in a KOH hydroflux. In the monoclinic crystal structure, strongly corrugated anionic layers
Fe2TeO6(OH)2]2− are covered with water molecules and separated from each other by potassium cations. The octahedrally coordinated iron(III) atoms form a distorted honeycomb network, in which they are antiferromagnetically coupled at room temperature and in external fields up to at least 7 T.