bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the formulation of disulfide herbicides based on aminophenoxazinones: polymeric nanoparticle formulation and cyclodextrin complexation to combat crop yield losses
Authors: Mejías Francisco J.R. , Carrasco Ángela , Durán Alexandra G. , Molinillo Jose M.G. , Macías Francisco A. , Chinchilla Nuria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe resistance of weeds to herbicides is a significant issue in ensuring future food supply. Specific examples are Plantago lanceolata, Portulaca oleracea and Lolium rigidum, which mainly infect rice, wheat, barley and pastures, and cause high yield losses every year. In this regard, natural products and their mimics have provided new hope as a result of their different modes‐of‐action, activity at low concentrations and reduced pollution effects relative to conventional herbicides. However, the poor water solubility and physicochemical properties of these compounds limit their broad application. These problems can be addressed by formulation techniques, and encapsulation appears to be of great interest.ResultsDisulfide herbicides inspired by aminophenoxazinones have been formulated with 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HP‐β‐CD), γ‐CD and polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). In silico studies were employed to identify which complexes would be generated and complex formation was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Solubility diagrams were generated to assess any improvement in water solubility, which was enhanced 2–13‐fold. Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra confirmed the success of the formulation process for the nanoparticles. Formulated compounds were evaluated in an in vitro wheat coleoptile bioassay, with almost 100% elongation inhibition achieved using only water for the bioassay. Specific in vitro testing on weed phytotoxicity showed that the application of core/shell NPs is highly effective in the fight against P. lanceolata seed germination.ConclusionsThe formulation of disulfide herbicides with CD complexes and NPs led to an enhancement in water solubility and bioactivity. These systems can be applied in pre‐emergent mode against P. lanceolata, using only water to prepare the sample, and they showed better activity than the positive controls. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Scheduling collateral sensitivity‐based cycling therapies toward eradication of drug‐resistant infections
Authors: Tetteh Josephine N. A. , Olaru Sorin , Crauel Hans , Hernandez‐Vargas Esteban A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDrug resistant pathogens are a global public health threat and their control has become a challenging task. A new health paradigm has been proposed in recent years through clinical research, this is the sequential use of drugs where resistance to one drug induces sensitivity to another drug, a concept called collateral sensitivity and its converse is known as cross resistance. However, the order and time of cycling between drugs need to be tailored to the pathogen population presented in the host. Here, by abstracting mutation networks of collateral sensitivity based on switched systems, we explore the control theoretical aspects and implications of collateral sensitivity on the impact of eradication of drug‐resistant pathogens. Our numerical simulations illustrate the potential implications of our approach to mitigate drug resistance or even eradicate pathogenic populations.
Emerging 2D Copper‐Based Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion: A Review and Perspective
Authors: Ren Xuehua , Wang Haoyu , Chen Jun , Xu Weili , He Qingqing , Wang Huayu , Zhan Feiyang , Chen Shaowei , Chen Lingyun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract2D materials have shown great potential as electrode materials that determine the performance of a range of electrochemical energy technologies. Among these, 2D copper‐based materials, such as Cu–O, Cu–S, Cu–Se, Cu–N, and Cu–P, have attracted tremendous research interest, because of the combination of remarkable properties, such as low cost, excellent chemical stability, facile fabrication, and significant electrochemical properties. Herein, the recent advances in the emerging 2D copper‐based materials are summarized. A brief summary of the crystal structures and synthetic methods is started, and innovative strategies for improving electrochemical performances of 2D copper‐based materials are described in detail through defect engineering, heterostructure construction, and surface functionalization. Furthermore, their state‐of‐the‐art applications in electrochemical energy storage including supercapacitors (SCs), alkali (Li, Na, and K)‐ion batteries, multivalent metal (Mg and Al)‐ion batteries, and hybrid Mg/Li‐ion batteries are described. In addition, the electrocatalysis applications of 2D copper‐based materials in metal–air batteries, water‐splitting, and CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) are also discussed. This review also discusses the charge storage mechanisms of 2D copper‐based materials by various advanced characterization techniques. The review with a perspective of the current challenges and research outlook of such 2D copper‐based materials for high‐performance energy storage and conversion applications is concluded.
Piezo‐Activated Atomic‐Thin Molybdenum Disulfide/MXene Nanoenzyme for Integrated and Efficient Tumor Therapy via Ultrasound‐Triggered Schottky Electric Field
Authors: Wu Yizhang , Song Xueru , Zhou Xiaoyu , Song Renjie , Tang Wenchao , Yang Dingyi , Wang Yong , Lv Zhongyang , Zhong Wei , Cai Hong‐Ling , Zhang Aimei , Wei Jia , Wu X. S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMonolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoenzymes exhibit a piezoelectric polarization, which generates reactive oxygen species to inactivate tumors under ultrasonic strain. However, its therapeutic efficiency is far away from satisfactory, due to stackable MoS2, quenching of piezo‐generated charges, and monotherapy. Herein, chitosan‐exfoliated monolayer MoS2 (Ch‐MS) is composited with atomic‐thin MXene, Ti3C2 (TC), to self‐assemble a multimodal nanoplatform, Ti3C2‐Chitosan‐MoS2 (TC@Ch‐MS), for tumor inactivation. TC@Ch‐MS not only inherits piezoelectricity from monolayer MoS2, but also maintains remarkable stability. Intrinsic metallic MXene combines with MoS2 to construct an interfacial Schottky heterojunction, facilitating the separation of electron–hole pairs and endowing TC@Ch‐MS increase‐sensitivity magnetic resonance imaging responding. Schottky interface also leads to peroxidase mimetics with excellent catalytic performance toward H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment under mechanical vibration. TC@Ch‐MS possesses the superior photothermal conversion efficiency than pristine TC under near‐infrared ray illumination, attributed to its enhanced interlaminar conductivity. Meanwhile, TC@Ch‐MS realizes optimized efficiency on tumor apoptosis with immunotherapy. Therefore, TC@Ch‐MS achieves an integrated diagnosis and multimodal treatment nanoplatform, whereas the toxicity to normal tissue cells is negligible. This work may shed fresh light on optimizing the piezoelectric materials in biological applications, and also give prominence to the significance of intrinsic metallicity in MXene.
Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks Enabled by Polymerization‐Induced Phase Separation
Authors: Zhu Lin , Su Yajiao , Liu Zhongshan , Fang Yu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe shape and morphology modulations of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are both difficult, but are of significance to tackle to realize high‐performance and practical applications. Here, a two‐step method is reported that separates the phase separation and crystallization processes for the shape‐controlled synthesis of COFs. The insight into the polymerization‐induced phase separation (PIPS) allows for the flexible shaping of COFs into column, rod, film and others, as well as for constructing hierarchically porous structure. The as‐synthesized COF monoliths are crack‐free, no powder detaching, and show 214 MPa of compressive modulus. The resulting good permeability and mechanical flexibility enable COF films to apply for flow‐through adsorption and extraction of pollutants at high flow rates. This work successfully resolves the contradiction between PIPS and crystallization, offering a general approach for scalable production of COFs with desired shapes, sizes, and morphologies.
Recent Development Strategies for Bismuth‐Driven Materials in Sustainable Energy Systems and Environmental Restoration
Authors: Adhikari Sangeeta , Mandal Sandip , Kim Do‐Heyoung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBismuth(Bi)‐based materials have gained considerable attention in recent decades for use in a diverse range of sustainable energy and environmental applications due to their low toxicity and eco‐friendliness. Bi materials are widely employed in electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, exhibiting excellent catalytic and non‐catalytic performance, as well as CO2/N2 reduction and water treatment systems. A variety of Bi materials, including its oxides, chalcogenides, oxyhalides, bismuthates, and other composites, have been developed for understanding their physicochemical properties. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the properties of individual Bi material systems and their use in a range of applications is provided. This review highlights the implementation of novel strategies to modify Bi materials based on morphological and facet control, doping/defect inclusion, and composite/heterojunction formation. The factors affecting the development of different classes of Bi materials and how their control differs between individual Bi compounds are also described. In particular, the development process for these material systems, their mass production, and related challenges are considered. Thus, the key components in Bi compounds are compared in terms of their properties, design, and applications. Finally, the future potential and challenges associated with Bi complexes are presented as a pathway for new innovations.
Self‐Repairable Silicon Anodes Using a Multifunctional Binder for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Malik Yoga Trianzar , Shin Seo‐Yeon , Jang Jin Il , Kim Hyung Min , Cho Sangho , Do Young Rag , Jeon Ju‐Won 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite of extremely high theoretical capacity of Si (3579 mAh g−1), Si anodes suffer from pulverization and delamination of the electrodes induced by large volume change during charge/discharge cycles. To address those issues, herein, self‐healable and highly stretchable multifunctional binders, polydioxythiophene:polyacrylic acid:phytic acid (PEDOT:PAA: PA, PDPP) that provide Si anodes with self‐healability and excellent structural integrity is designed. By utilizing the self‐healing binder, Si anodes self‐repair cracks and damages of Si anodes generated during cycling. For the first time, it is demonstrated that Si anodes autonomously self‐heal artificially created cracks in electrolytes under practical battery operating conditions. Consequently, this self‐healable Si anode can still deliver a reversible capacity of 2312 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles with remarkable initial Coulombic efficiency of 94%, which is superior to other reported Si anodes. Moreover, the self‐healing binder possesses enhanced Li‐ion diffusivity with additional electronic conductivity, providing excellent rate capability with a capacity of 2084 mAh g−1 at a very high C‐rate of 5 C.
One‐way flexural shear tests on wide reinforced concrete slab segments with simple and intermediate supports
Authors: Adam Viviane , Schmidt Maximilian , Hegger Josef 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFlexural shear behavior, which mainly concerns reinforced concrete (RC) slabs without shear reinforcement, is usually investigated by means of simply supported, beam‐shaped specimens. Only few tests are available where the cross‐section properties correspond to a slab (b ≫ h) or the support conditions lead to moment and shear force distributions of multi‐span slab systems. The moment distribution in the vicinity of inner supports can decrease shear slenderness and, hence, increase shear strength. An increase in member width is also often associated with a beneficial effect on load bearing behavior. Firstly, the course of the shear crack changes along the width which, both, increases the crack face area, and potentially allows for an increased interlocking effect of the two crack faces. Secondly, a (wide) slab's ability to redistribute inner stresses in lateral direction can compensate inner irregularities. However, the likelihood of irregularities to occur after all, increases with increasing concrete volume, so larger member widths. A comparison of existing investigations shows that the findings are partly inconclusive. Also, no studies addressing the influence of the member width exist with tests in the vicinity of intermediate supports despite being the typical shear‐critical section in actual members. To address related open questions, an experimental campaign comprising 20 shear tests on slab segments without shear reinforcement was conducted. Essentially, member width (b = 0.3 or 2.4 m) and support conditions were varied within the test program. Main goal of the experimental campaign was finding answers to the question whether one‐way flexural shear strength is influenced by the member's width. This has been addressed by generating results from pairs of tests which differed only in their width while having otherwise equal properties (b/h ≈ 1.0 and b/h ≈ 8.5). Eight such pairs were tested featuring different shear span lengths, rotational restrains at the support and longitudinal reinforcement ratios. In contrast to other experimental campaigns, shear tests near inner supports were incorporated in the experimental program. On average, the gain in shear capacity of the wide members compared to the reference linear member was proportional to the increase in width. It can thus be concluded that linear (beam‐shaped) specimens are suitable for representing one‐way shear capacity of RC slabs. Enhanced shear response of actual slabs can rather be ascribed to beneficial effects from loading and support conditions which enable to partially activate two‐way stress distribution or compressive membrane action. Additionally, rare occurrence of damages in RC slabs is not only to be attributed to an underestimation of capacity but probably also to an overestimation of design load.
Camera trapping as a method for estimating abundance of Mexican wolves
Authors: Russo Brianna M. , Jones Andrew S. , Clement Matthew J. , Fyffe Nathan , Mesler Jacob I. , Rubin Esther S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEstimating wildlife abundance, particularly for rare and elusive species, is challenging because of time, cost, and methodological constraints. The Mexican wolf (Canis lupus baileyi), a federally‐listed endangered subspecies of gray wolf, is currently monitored using ground and aerial methods to obtain a minimum known population count. As the Mexican wolf population has grown and expanded, the time and cost required to monitor the subspecies has increased. We investigated the efficacy of camera trapping for estimating Mexican wolf abundance by comparing the accuracy, precision, and cost of camera trapping to those obtained with current monitoring techniques. Between 1 November 2019 and 31 July 2020, we collected 13,317 photos of wolves from 124 camera traps in Arizona where Mexican wolves were known to occur, excluding tribal lands. We used a spatial mark‐resight analysis to estimate abundance for both winter (November 2019 through February 2020) and summer (April through July 2020) seasons, with and without the assistance of global positioning system (GPS) telemetry data to identify individual wolves. Combined with GPS data, camera trapping provided a summer abundance estimate ( = 50, 95% CI = 37–64) that was 14% lower than the 2019 minimum known population count (N = 59), but included the minimum known population count in the 95% confidence interval. The summer no telemetry abundance estimate was 27% below the minimum known population count ( = 43, 95% CI = 30–56). During winter, abundance estimates obtained from camera trapping (no telemetry:  = 33, 95% CI = 15–52; telemetry:  = 45, 95% CI = 28–62), were much lower than the 2019 Mexican wolf minimum known population count (winter:N = 62), but included the minimum known population count in the 95% confidence interval for the winter telemetry dataset. A cost comparison indicated that the first‐year camera trapping equipment expenses were 1.7 times the equipment cost of the current method and that camera trapping equipment expenses in subsequent years were equivalent to the equipment cost of the current method, and required at least 1.4 times the labor hours. We provide recommendations to potentially improve Mexican wolf abundance estimates and minimize camera trapping expenses. The results of our project may help managers make appropriate decisions for their population monitoring needs, while considering budget, staffing capabilities, precision, and accuracy.
[K([2.2.2]‐crypt)]K[Pt3(μ2‐CO)3(PPh3)3] ⋅ 3NH3 – A New Chini‐Type Platinum Carbonyl Complex
Authors: Tiefenthaler Susanne M. , Korber Nikolaus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe titular compound [K([2.2.2]‐crypt)]K[Pt3(μ2‐CO)3(PPh3)3] ⋅ 3NH3 (1) ([2.2.2]‐crypt=4,7,13,16,21,24‐Hexaoxa‐1,10‐diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane) contains a triangular platinum complex, the approximate D3 symmetry of which is only broken by the phenyl substituents of the PPh3 ligands.. The dianionic complex represents only the second triangular carbonyl platinate characterized via single crystal X‐ray diffraction in monomeric form. The compound crystallizes in the space group P
with the unit cell parameters a=13.8826 Å, b=14.2899 Å and c=21.3254 Å. For the formation of the platinate, liquid ammonia seems to play a crucial role as a solvent for the polygermanide used for the reduction as well as for the stabilization of the dianion.
Exploring extended Higgs sectors via pair production at the LHC
Authors: Cacciapaglia G. , Flacke T. , Kunkel M. , Porod W. , Schwarze L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Higgs sectors extended by electroweakly charged scalars can be explored by scalar pair production at the LHC. We consider a fermiophobic scenario, with decays into a pair of gauge bosons, and a fermiophilic one, with decays into top and bottom quarks. After establishing the current bounds on simplified models, we focus on an SU(5)/SO(5) composite Higgs model. This first exploration demonstrates the need for dedicated searches at current and future colliders.
Nonperturbative bounds on scattering of massive scalar particles in d ≥ 2
Authors: Chen Hongbin , Fitzpatrick A. Liam , Karateev Denis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study two-to-two scattering amplitudes of a scalar particle of mass m. For simplicity, we assume the presence of ℤ2 symmetry and that the particle is ℤ2 odd. We consider two classes of amplitudes: the fully nonperturbative ones and effective field theory (EFT) ones with a cut-off scale M. Using the primal numerical method which allows us to impose full non-linear unitarity, we construct novel bounds on various observables in 2 ≤ d ≤ 4 space-time dimensions for both classes of amplitudes. We show that our bounds are much stronger than the ones obtained by using linearized unitarity or positivity only. We discuss applications of our bounds to constraining EFTs. Finally, we compare our bounds to the amplitude in ϕ4 theory computed perturbatively at weak coupling, and find that they saturate the bounds.
Holography of information in AdS/CFT
Authors: de Mello Koch Robert , Kemp Garreth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The principle of the holography of information states that in a theory of quantum gravity a copy of all the information available on a Cauchy slice is also available near the boundary of the Cauchy slice. This redundancy in the theory is already present at low energy. In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, this principle can be translated into a statement about the dual conformal field theory. We carry out this translation and demonstrate that the principle of the holography of information holds in bilocal holography.
Quadratic Coefficients of Goulden–Rattan Character Polynomials
Authors: Marciniak Mikołaj 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGoulden–Rattan polynomials give the exact value of the subdominant part of the normalized characters of the symmetric groups in terms of certain quantities $$(C_i)$$

(

C
i

)

which describe the macroscopic shape of the Young diagram. The Goulden–Rattan positivity conjecture states that the coefficients of these polynomials are positive rational numbers with small denominators. We prove a special case of this conjecture for the coefficient of the quadratic term $$C_2^2$$

C
2
2

by applying certain bijections involving maps (i.e., graphs drawn on surfaces).
The Merino–Welsh Conjecture for Split Matroids
Authors: Ferroni Luis , Schröter Benjamin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn 1999, Merino and Welsh conjectured that evaluations of the Tutte polynomial of a graph satisfy an inequality. In this short article, we show that the conjecture generalized to matroids holds for the large class of all split matroids by exploiting the structure of their lattice of cyclic flats. This class of matroids strictly contains all paving and copaving matroids.
Comorbidities, injury severity and complications predict mortality in thoracic trauma
Authors: Fokkema Anne T. , Johannesdottir Bergros K. , Wendt Klaus , Haaverstad Rune , Reininga Inge H. F. , Geisner Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Thoracic trauma accounts for 25–50% of posttraumatic mortality. Data on epidemiology of thoracic trauma in Scandinavia and risk factors for mortality are scarce. This study aims to provide an overview of epidemiology, clinical events and risk factors for mortality of patients with severe thoracic injuries.

Methods
A retrospective study including adult thoracic trauma patients with abbreviated injury scale ≥ 3, between 2009 and 2018 at Haukeland University Hospital was performed. Subgroup analyses were performed for specific patient groups: (1) isolated thoracic trauma, (2) polytrauma without Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and (3) polytrauma with TBI. Logistic regression analyses were applied to find risk factors for 30-days mortality. Age, sex, comorbidity polypharmacy score (CPS), trauma and injury severity score (TRISS) and comprehensive complication index (CI) were included in the final model.

Results
Data of 514 patients were analyzed, of which 60 (12%) patients died. Median (IQR) injury severity score (ISS) was 17 (13–27). Data of 463 patients, of which 39 patients died (8%), were included in multivariate analyses. Female sex odds ratio (OR) (2.7, p = 0.04), CPS > 9 (OR 4.8; p = 0.01), TRISS ≤ 50% (OR 44; p < 0.001) and CI ≥ 30 (OR 12.5, p < 0.001) were significant risk factors for mortality. Subgroup analyses did not demonstrate other risk factors.

Conclusion
Comorbidities and associated pharmacotherapies, TRISS, female sex, and complications during admission predict in-hospital mortality after thoracic trauma. Current findings might help to recognize patients at risk of an adverse outcome, and thereby prevent complications.

Trial registration: retrospectively registered
The regional committees for medical and health research ethics file number is 2017/293.