bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiologic and Genetic Associations of Endometriosis With Depression, Anxiety, and Eating Disorders
Authors: Koller Dora , Pathak Gita A. , Wendt Frank R. , Tylee Daniel S. , Levey Daniel F. , Overstreet Cassie , Gelernter Joel , Taylor Hugh S. , Polimanti Renato 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceEndometriosis is a common chronic gynecologic pathology with a large negative impact on women’s health. Beyond severe physical symptoms, endometriosis is also associated with several psychiatric comorbidities, including depression and anxiety.ObjectiveTo investigate whether pleiotropy contributes to the association of endometriosis with depression, anxiety, and eating disorders.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis genetic association study was performed between September 13, 2021, and June 24, 2022, in 202 276 unrelated female participants. Genotypic and phenotypic information from the UK Biobank was combined with genome-wide association statistics available from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (11 countries), the Million Veteran Program (US), the FinnGen study (Finland), and the CHARGE (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology) consortium (5 countries).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were the phenotypic and genetic associations of endometriosis with anxiety, depression, and eating disorders.ResultsA total of 8276 women with endometriosis (mean [SD] age, 53.1 [7.9] years) and 194 000 female controls (mean [SD] age, 56.7 [7.9] years) were included in the study. In a multivariate regression analysis accounting for age, body mass index, socioeconomic status, chronic pain–related phenotypes, irritable bowel syndrome, and psychiatric comorbidities, endometriosis was associated with increased odds of depression (odds ratio [OR], 3.61; 95% CI, 3.32-3.92), eating disorders (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.96-4.41), and anxiety (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 2.30-2.97). These associations were supported by consistent genetic correlations (rg) (depression rg, 0.36, P = 1.5 × 10−9; anxiety rg, 0.33, P = 1.17 × 10−5; and eating disorders rg, 0.61, P = .02). With the application of a 1-sample mendelian randomization, the genetic liabilities to depression and anxiety were associated with increased odds of endometriosis (depression: OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.08-1.11; anxiety: OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.13-1.65). A genome-wide analysis of pleiotropic associations shared between endometriosis and psychiatric disorders identified 1 locus, DGKB rs12666606, with evidence of pleiotropy between endometriosis and depression after multiple testing correction (z = −9.46 for endometriosis, z = 8.10 for depression, P = 5.56 × 10−8; false discovery rate q = 4.95 × 10−4).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings highlight that endometriosis is associated with women’s mental health through pleiotropic mechanisms. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale study to provide genetic and phenotypic evidence of the processes underlying the psychiatric comorbidities of endometriosis.
Association of Whole Blood With Survival Among Patients Presenting With Severe Hemorrhage in US and Canadian Adult Civilian Trauma Centers
Authors: Torres Crisanto M. , Kent Alistair , Scantling Dane , Joseph Bellal , Haut Elliott R. , Sakran Joseph V. 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceWhole-blood (WB) resuscitation has gained renewed interest among civilian trauma centers. However, there remains insufficient evidence that WB as an adjunct to component therapy–based massive transfusion protocol (WB-MTP) is associated with a survival advantage over MTP alone in adult civilian trauma patients presenting with severe hemorrhage.ObjectiveTo assess whether WB-MTP compared with MTP alone is associated with improved survival at 24 hours and 30 days among adult trauma patients presenting with severe hemorrhage.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program databank from January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018, included adult trauma patients with a systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg and a shock index greater than 1 who received at least 4 units of red blood cells within the first hour of emergency department (ED) arrival at level I and level II US and Canadian adult civilian trauma centers. Patients with burns, death within 1 hour of ED arrival, and interfacility transfers were excluded. Data were analyzed from February 2022 to September 2022.ExposuresResuscitation with WB-MTP compared with MTP alone within 24 hours of ED presentation.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcomes were survival at 24 hours and 30 days. Secondary outcomes selected a priori included major complications, hospital length of stay, and intensive care unit length of stay.ResultsA total of 2785 patients met inclusion criteria: 432 (15.5%) in the WB-MTP group (335 male [78%]; median age, 38 years [IQR, 27-57 years]) and 2353 (84.5%) in the MTP-only group (1822 male [77%]; median age, 38 years [IQR, 27-56 years]). Both groups included severely injured patients (median injury severity score, 28 [IQR, 17-34]; median difference, 1.29 [95% CI, −0.05 to 2.64]). A survival curve demonstrated separation within 5 hours of ED presentation. WB-MTP was associated with improved survival at 24 hours, demonstrating a 37% lower risk of mortality (hazard ratio, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41-0.96; P = .03). Similarly, the survival benefit associated with WB-MTP remained consistent at 30 days (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.31-0.93; P = .02).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, receipt of WB-MTP was associated with improved survival in trauma patients presenting with severe hemorrhage, with a survival benefit found early after transfusion. The findings from this study are clinically important as this is an essential first step in prioritizing the selection of WB-MTP for trauma patients presenting with severe hemorrhage.
The proline‐rich domain of fission yeast WASp (Wsp1p) interacts with actin filaments and inhibits actin polymerization
Authors: Rosenbloom Aaron D. , Pollard Thomas D. 
Published: January 2023

Members of the Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp) family activate Arp2/3 complex (actin‐related proteins 2 and 3 complex) to form actin filament branches. The proline‐rich domain (PRD) of WASp contributes to branching nucleation, and the PRD of budding yeast Las17 binds actin filaments [Urbanek AN et al. (2013) Curr Biol 23, 196–203]. Biochemical assays showed the recombinant PRD of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe Wsp1p binds actin filaments with micromolar affinity. Recombinant PRDs of both Wsp1p and Las17p slowed the elongation of actin filaments by Mg‐ATP‐actin monomers by half and slowed the spontaneous polymerization of Mg‐ATP‐actin monomers modestly. The affinity of PRDs of WASp‐family proteins for actin filaments is high enough to contribute to the reported stimulation of actin filament branching by Arp2/3 complex.
High‐diversity seed additions promote herb‐layer recovery during restoration of degraded oak woodland
Authors: Kaul Andrew D. , Dell Noah D. , Delfeld Bradley M. , Engelhardt Megan J. , Long Quinn G. , Reid J. Leighton , Saxton Michael L. , Trager James C. , Albrecht Matthew A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Seed limitation represents a fundamental constraint to the restoration of native plant communities, and practitioners often apply seed additions to overcome this barrier. However, surprisingly few studies have experimentally tested whether seed additions can increase diversity in herbaceous communities of oak woodlands, which have undergone large‐scale transformation due to logging, altered fire regimes and invasion by non‐native species. Previous studies suggest that structural (thinning of woody biomass) and process‐based (prescribed fire) restoration treatments alone are unlikely to restore the full breadth of taxonomic and functional diversity in the herb layer, which accounts for most species in woodland ecosystems.

To explore whether seed additions can improve restoration outcomes in an oak woodland, we sowed high‐diversity seed mixes in paired transects (seeded vs. controls) along a topographic gradient in a degraded site undergoing restoration with non‐native shrub removal, selective tree thinning and prescribed fire. Seed mixes contained native forbs, grasses and sedges from locally sourced material (n = 169 total species) in the regional species pool, and were designed to match species' habitat affinity to appropriate locations along the topographic gradient. The herb flora was sampled pre‐seeding, and for two consecutive years after additions.

Seed additions significantly altered community and functional composition, and increased native species richness by 29% (43.0 vs 55.4), and floristic quality by 30% relative to controls. However, fewer than half of the sown species were established 2 years after planting, suggesting that dispersal and establishment limitation are both important barriers to the recovery of the herb flora in oak woodlands.

We also tested if species' sown abundance, conservatism or functional group predicted establishment success. Species sown at high abundances and less conservative species recruited the most reliably. Grass and forb establishment rates were more dependent on seeding rate than sedges or legumes, and the mechanisms behind this trend merit further investigation.

We found that adding high‐diversity seed mixes in conjunction with non‐native shrub removal, canopy thinning and burning, can accelerate recovery of herbaceous communities in a highly degraded woodland.
Characterization of Ethos therapy systems for adaptive radiation therapy: A multi‐machine comparison
Authors: van de Schoot Agustinus J. , Hoffmans Daan , van Ingen Karel M. , Simons Martijn J. , Wiersma Jan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeThe recently released Ethos therapy system (Varian Medical Systems) allows for online CBCT‐guided adaptive radiation therapy (RT). The clinical introduction of multiple systems requires machine characterization and machine variation quantification to allow patient interchangeability between systems. Despite several clinical introductions, limited vendor‐independent information on machine performance is available. Our aim was to determine the relevant dosimetric and mechanical characteristics of individual machines and to quantify machine variations.MethodsSix Ethos treatment machines, equipped with a 6‐MV FFF beam including dual‐layer MLC and kV‐CBCT system, were recently introduced clinically after extensive machine characterization and pre‐configured beam model verification. Point doses and profiles were measured and compared to vendor‐provided reference data and dose calculations. Also, dose calculations were verified based on point measurements for non‐standard fields and dose distributions for optimized treatment plans. Agreements between dose profiles (dose distributions) were quantified using 1D (3D) γ‐analysis. Additionally, we quantified leaf transmission, dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) and couch attenuation, determined isocenter accuracy and kV‐MV isocenter coincidence and verified the kV‐CBCT system. Machine variations were quantified for all dosimetric and mechanical characteristics.ResultsFor all machines, distinct agreements were found between measurements and vendor‐provided reference data as well as measurements and dose calculations. Mean γ1%/1mm values for all profiles were below 0.30. All profiles, point measurements and dose distributions matched well among the six machines. Minimal machine variations were found in terms of DLG (0.05 mm), leaf transmission (0.001%), isocenter accuracy (0.08 mm), kV‐MV isocenter coincidence (0.15 mm), couch attenuation (0.69%), and CBCT imaging dose (0.29 mGy).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates excellent agreement between individual Ethos therapy systems and vendor‐provided reference data as well as a pre‐configured beam model. Furthermore, our results show good consistency among all machines and provide valuable insights on relevant machine characteristics. The systematically obtained results provide benchmark data for future clinical introduction of Ethos therapy systems.
Lineage‐Mismatched Mitochondrial Replacement in an Inducible Mitochondrial Depletion Model Effectively Restores the Original Proteomic Landscape of Recipient Cells
Authors: Capelluto Fausto , Alberico Hannah , Ledo‐Hopgood Paula , Tilly Jonathan L. , Woods Dori C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn addition to critical roles in bioenergetics, mitochondria are key contributors to the regulation of many other functions in cells, ranging from steroidogenesis to apoptosis. Numerous studies further demonstrate that cell type‐specific differences exist in mitochondria, with cells of a given lineage tailoring their endogenous mitochondrial population to suit specific functional needs. These findings, coupled with studies of the therapeutic potential of mitochondrial transplantation, provide a strong impetus to better understand how mitochondria can influence cell function or fate. Here an inducible mitochondrial depletion modelis used to study how cells lacking endogenous mitochondria respond, on a global protein expression level, to transplantation with lineage‐mismatched (LM) mitochondria. It is shown that LM mitochondrial transplantation does not alter the proteomic profile in nonmitochondria–depleted recipient cells; however, enforced depletion of endogenous mitochondria results in dramatic changes in the proteomic landscape, which returns to the predepletion state following internalization of LM mitochondria. These data, derived from a cell system that can be rendered free of influence by endogenous mitochondria, indicate that transplantation of mitochondria—even from a source that differs significantly from the recipient cell population, effectively restores a normal proteomic landscape to cells lacking their own mitochondria.
Transport Across Cell Membranes is Modulated by Lipid Order
Authors: Färber Nicolas , Reitler Jonas , Schäfer Julian , Westerhausen Christoph 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study measures the uptake of various dyes into HeLa cells and determines simultaneously the degree of membrane lipid chain order on a single cell level by spectral analysis of the membrane‐embedded dye Laurdan. First, this study finds that the mean generalized polarization (GP) value of single cells varies within a population in a range that is equivalent to a temperature variation of 9 K. This study exploits this natural variety of membrane order to examine the uptake as a function of GP at constant temperature. It is shown that transport across the cell membrane correlates with the membrane phase state. Specifically, higher membrane transport with increasing lipid chain order is observed. As a result, hypothermal‐adapted cells with reduced lipid membrane order show less transport. Environmental factors influence transport as well. While increasing temperature reduces lipid order, it is found that locally high cell densities increase lipid order and in turn lead to increased dye uptake. To demonstrate the physiological relevance, membrane state and transport during an in vitro wound healing process are analyzed. While the uptake within a confluent cell layer is high, it decreases toward the center where the membrane lipid chain order is lowest.
3D Printing of Resilin in Water by Multiphoton Absorption Polymerization
Authors: Kam Doron , Olender Aaron , Rudich Amir , Kan‐Tor Yoav , Buxboim Amnon , Shoseyov Oded , Magdassi Shlomo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResilin is an elastic rubber‐like protein found in the cuticles of insects. It incorporates outstanding properties of high resilience and fatigue lifetime, where kinetic energy storage is needed for biological functions such as flight and jumps. Since resilin is rich in tyrosine groups, localized photopolymerization is enabled due to the ability to introduce di‐tyrosine bonds by a ruthenium‐based photoinitiator. Using Multiphoton Absorption Polymerization 3D printing process, objects containing 100% recombinant resilin protein are printed in water at a submicron length scale. Consequently, protein‐based hydrogels with complex structures are printed using space positioning voxel polymerization. The objects are characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis using nanoindentation. Printing parameters such as printing speed and laser power are found to enable tuning the mechanical properties of the printed objects. The printed objects are soft and resilient, similar to native resilin, while presenting the highest resolution of a structure made entirely of a protein and better mechanical properties of common hydrogels and poly(dimethylsiloxane). Moreover, topography and mechanical properties enable cell growth and alignment without cell adhesion primers, thus facilitating biological applications. The fabrication of 3D resilin‐based hydrogel will open the way for potential applications based on biomimicking and in creating new functional objects.
Polymorphism‐Interface‐Induced Work Function Regulating on Ru Nanocatalyst for Enhanced Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Li Yunbo , Yang Chaoyi , Yue JianChao , Cong Hengjiang , Luo Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExploring high‐performance Pt‐free electrocatalysts for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in alkaline media is highly imperative for the development of alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Phase engineering is an effective strategy for boosting the catalytic performance of electrocatalysts; however, the fabrication of unconventional polymorphism‐interfaced metal catalysts remains a significant challenge. In this study, a polymorphism‐interfaced Ru nanocatalyst with a stable hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) phase and a metastableface‐centered‐cubic (fcc) phase is successfully prepared. Owing to the built‐in electric field and stacking fault on the unique polymorphic interface, the fcc‐hcp‐Ru catalyst exhibits outstanding alkaline HOR performance with a mass activity of 1016 A gPGM‐1, which is six and three times higher than that of conventional hcp‐Ru andcommercial Pt/C, respectively. The regulated electron distribution at the polymorphic interface is attributed to the discrepant work functions, which not only optimize the adsorption energy of hydrogen but also facilitate the water formation step to promote the alkaline HOR process. This study demonstrates that unconventional polymorphism‐interfaced engineering is an efficient strategy to regulate the electronic structure of metal catalysts and identifies the prominent role of the work function in alkaline HORs, providing a new avenue for the rational design of highly efficient materials for electrocatalysis.
Intrinsic Mechanical Compliance of 90° Domain Walls in PbTiO3
Authors: Nguyen Cam‐Phu Thi , Schoenherr Peggy , Seidel Jan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFunctionality of domain walls and other topological defects in ferroelectrics is being widely investigated for applications in electronic devices. While the intrinsic electronic properties of a wall have been considered, its inherent mechanical properties remain explored very little, despite the fact that coupling between strain and polarization is prevalent in many of these materials. Herein, an in‐depth study of variations in nanomechanical properties at 90o domain walls and their adjacent domains in single‐crystalline lead titanate (PbTiO3) is presented as a prototypical ferroelectric material using a combination of various atomic force microscopy (AFM)‐based methods. Considerable variations of elastic moduli are found at 90o domain walls extending up to ~100 nm into the domain areas. AFM nanoindentation also allows to extract local domain wall hardness and plastic and elastic deformation energies. These findings have implications for the design of ferroelectric domain wall functionality that incorporates the intrinsic elastic compliance of a domain wall.
Lithium Difluorophosphate as a Widely Applicable Additive to Boost Lithium‐Ion Batteries: a Perspective
Authors: Wang Aiping , Wang Li , Liang Hongmei , Song Youzhi , He Yufang , Wu Yanzhou , Ren Dongsheng , Zhang Bo , He Xiangming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP) is among the most widely applicable additives used to construct a robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on electrode, which can improve the cycling performance and rate performance of high‐voltage cathodes and Li metal anodes at extreme temperatures. Regarding the working mechanism of LiDFP, reasonable but divided understandings have been proposed based on specific battery chemistry. Herein, the broad applications of LiDFP in various electrochemical systems are reviewed and a universal working mechanism based on the state‐of‐the‐art understanding of LiDFP is offered. Then, future directions of the missing part in mechanism comprehension are highlighted. Furthermore, the approaches to effectively apply LiDFP and other similar additives according to their limits are summarized. Finally, questions regarding the missing part of the mechanism are discussed by which LiDFP forms a robust SEI and how these lead to opportunities for future understanding and promotion of interfacial passivation. This study not only provides new knowledge on the mechanism of LiDFP and other existing additives but also helps inspire more effective additive applications.
Synchronous Visual/Infrared Stealth Using an Intrinsically Flexible Self‐Healing Phase Change Film
Authors: Deng Chengxin , Dong Hongsheng , Sun Keyan , Kou Yan , Liu Hanqing , Jian Weiwei , Shi Quan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) have been particularly concerned as infrared stealth functional materials due to their superior thermal management capability. However, traditional PCMs usually behave rigid solid or flowing liquid states with fixed transition temperature, greatly limiting their application especially in multi‐band stealth and multiple scenes. Herein, an intrinsically flexible self‐healing phase change film used for synchronous visual/infrared stealth for the first time is designed and constructed. The phase change film possesses a solid–solid phase transition behavior with adjustable transition temperature (from 38.8 to 51.1 °C) and enthalpy (from 79.7 to 116.7 J g−1), long‐term cycling stability (500 cycles), and outstanding flexible and self‐healing performance. Remarkably, the phase change film can be customized with different colors and various configurations to exhibit attractive visual stealth functions in multiple scenes. Additionally, owing to phase transition property, this phase change film can possess a thermal management capability and behave infrared stealth performance for objectives at various temperatures. Combining the above unique functions, the intrinsically flexible self‐healing phase change film developed in this work may show great potential for applications in the synchronous visual/infrared stealth across a wide range of scenarios and temperatures.