bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies increases in persons received eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori: A cohort study
Authors: Kosunen Timo U. , Nieminen Anna A. , Kokkola Arto , Arkkila Perttu , Pukkala Eero , Rautelin Hilpi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of gastric malignancies. Since the symptoms for H. pylori gastritis, as well as for several malignancies, may be nonexisting or highly unspecific, even H. pylori‐positive subjects with underlying malignancies may receive eradication therapy. The aim was to assess the incidence of gastrointestinal and various other malignancies in individuals after eradication therapy for H. pylori infection.Materials and MethodsA cohort of 217,554 subjects (120,344 women and 97,210 men), who had purchased specific combinations of drugs for H. pylori eradication therapy in 1994–2004, was identified by the Finnish National Prescription Registry and followed for cancer incidence until the end of 2008 (1.89 million person‐years at risk).ResultsA total of 22,398 malignancies were identified in the cohort. In both genders, for the first 6 months after drug prescription, the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were between 5 and 32 for gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers, and 2 and 3 for several other malignancies. Although later on the SIRs of most malignancies fell rapidly, those of gastric noncardia and lung cancers remained elevated up to 5 years of follow‐up. The only SIRs below unity were seen in men for gastric cancers (cardia 0.61, 95% CI: 0.37–0.95; intestinal noncardia 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56–0.97) during the post‐therapy period covering years 5–15.ConclusionIncidence levels significantly above the population rates were detected for many malignancies. Although eradication of H. pylori may have a long‐lasting protective effect against gastric cancer, H. pylori therapy may postpone the detection of malignancies possibly underlying unspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, it should be emphasized that the diagnostic work‐up for malignancies should not be stopped in case of detection and treatment of H. pylori infection.
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of regenerative endodontic procedures for traumatized permanent necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis and external root resorption
Authors: Lu Jing , Lu Youguang , Lu Zhaojie , Kahler Bill 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThis clinical study was undertaken to assess the effect of treatment with regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) on 20 teeth with pulp necrosis, apical periodontitis, and external root resorption (ERR).MethodologyTeeth were treated with REPS utilizing the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) protocol. Quantitative assessment of changes in radiographic root area (RRA) were statistically analysed to assess changes in root dimensions after an average follow‐up period of 3 years.ResultsAll 20 teeth survived, 14 teeth (70%) were classified successful, and only 1 tooth (5%) failed throughout the study period. Based on the radiographic examination, all 20 teeth showed complete repair of the periapical lesions and arrested ERR. However, 5 teeth (25%) subsequently developed replacement resorption. The RRA between baseline and 3‐year follow‐up showed a significant difference for the total 20 teeth (p = .009). An analysis according to the trauma type and the extra‐oral time showed the RRA increase was significantly different in the non‐avulsion group (p = .015) and for the avulsion group with an extra‐oral time less than 60 min (p = .029). The RRA increase was not statistically significant in the avulsion group of extra‐oral time more than 60 min (p = .405). Nine teeth (45%) and 10 teeth (50%) responded to cold and electric pulp testing, respectively.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, the favourable outcomes of REPs were further confirmed for traumatized permanent necrotic teeth with ERR in terms of periapical lesion healed and a significant increase in RRA. The study contributes further evidence of the role of REPs in arresting ERR.
Extramammary Paget's disease involving the axilla: case series and literature review
Authors: Zhao Chunxia , Li Yurong , Zhang Chong , Zhang Guohong , Li Hang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAxillary extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare condition with only a few cases reported in the literature.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review and identified 16 cases of EMPD with axillary involvement. We summarized the clinical and histopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis, as well as reviewed the literature.ResultsOf the included patients, eight were male and eight were female with an average age of 63.9 years at diagnosis. Eleven patients presented with unilateral axillary lesions, two patients with bilateral axillary lesions, and three patients with both axillary and genital involvement. Four male patients had a history of secondary malignancies. Axillary EMPD exerted the typical histological and immunohistochemical features of Paget's disease. All except for one patient underwent Mohs micrographic surgery with a mean final margin of 1.3 cm, and the tumor was cleared 76.5% of the time with 1 cm margins. None of the patients developed recurrence or metastasis after surgery at a mean follow‐up of 63.6 months.ConclusionsAxillary EMPD shares similar clinicopathological features with typical EMPD. Careful clinical and pathological examinations are mandatory to detect possible associated malignancies and to make a correct diagnosis. Axillary EMPD usually has a good prognosis. Due to the complete margin assessment and better recurrence rates for EMPD in general, Mohs micrographic surgery is the treatment of choice.
Analysing the challenges to sustainable food grain storage management: a path to food security in emerging nations
Authors: Das Sumanta , Barve Akhilesh , Sahu Naresh Chandra , Muduli Kamalakanta , Kumar Anil , Luthra Sunil 
Published: April 2023

SummaryFood security is a critical concern for emerging nations, where agriculture is a vital source of livelihood for a significant proportion of the population. However, ineffective food grain storage management (FGSM) poses a substantial threat to food security, resulting in significant post‐harvest loss (PHL). This research aims to identify and analyse the challenges to sustainable FGSM in emerging nations, with a specific focus on India using Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) and Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée á un Classement (MICMAC) analysis. The study identifies 15 critical challenges after doing a thorough literature review, consulting with industry experts, and a dedicated questionnaire survey. The study finds that inadequate government policies and a lack of commitment from the top management are the major challenges to sustainable FGSM. The combination of the qualitative and quantitative model provides a comprehensive understanding of the identified factors and their interrelationships, offering a logical framework to support decision‐making and encourage sustainability. This paper contributes to the broader debate on sustainable food production and consumption by highlighting the importance of sustainable FGSM in emerging nations.
Phylogeographic and demographic patterns reveal congruent histories in seven Amazonian White‐Sand ecosystems birds
Authors: Capurucho João Marcos Guimarães , Ashley Mary V. , Cornelius Cintia , Borges Sergio H. , Ribas Camila C. , Bates John M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThe drivers of genetic diversity in Amazonia, the most species‐rich set of ecosystems on Earth, are still incompletely understood. Species from distinct Amazonian ecosystems have unique biogeographic histories that will reflect regional landscape and climatic drivers of genetic diversity. We studied bird species from patchy Amazonian white‐sand ecosystems (WSE) to evaluate the occurrence of shared biogeographic patterns to better understand the complex environmental and landscape history of Amazonia and its biodiversity.LocationNorthern South America; Amazonia.TaxonPasseriformes.MethodsWe sequenced Ultra‐conserved Elements (UCEs) from 177 samples of seven bird species associated with WSE that have overlapping ranges. We used the SNP matrices and sequence data to estimate genetic structure and migration surfaces using ‘conStruct’ and eems, performed model‐selection to obtain the most probable demographic histories on ‘PipeMaster’ and implemented analyses of shared demography with ecoevolity.ResultsShallow genetic structure patterns varied among species. The Amazon river was the only barrier shared among them. Population structure dates to no more than 450,000 years ago. Nine geographically structured populations showed signals of population size changes and eight of these occur in Northern Amazonia. Population expansion was inferred at two distinct times: ~100,000 and ~ 50,000 years ago. The timing of co‐expanding populations is consistent with differences in habitat preference, as species that prefer dense scrubby to forested vegetation expanded more recently compared to species that prefer open vegetation.Main conclusionsWSE species responded in concert to environmental and landscape changes that occurred in the relatively recent past. Population expansions were likely driven by the genesis of new WSE patches and a return to wetter conditions after glacial periods. Pleistocene climatic cycles affected the distribution and dynamics of open vegetation habitats in Amazonia, especially in the Northern region, driving genetic diversity and demographic patterns of its associated biota.
Lin28 promoting the protective effect of PMSCs on hepatic ischaemia–reperfusion injury by regulating glucose metabolism
Authors: Zhou Xi , Li Junbo , Wang Jin , Yang Huifang , Xie Xiaoyun , Chen Zhishui , Zhang Bo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHuman placental mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) can prevent liver ischaemia–reperfusion injury (LIRI). However, their therapeutic effects are limited. Therefore, additional research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of PMSC‐mediated LIRI prevention and enhance the related therapeutic effects. This study aimed to examine the role of the Lin28 protein in the regulation of glucose metabolism in PMSCs. Further, it explored whether Lin28 could enhance the protective effects of PMSCs against LIRI and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Western blotting was performed to examine Lin28 expression in PMSCs under hypoxic conditions. A Lin28 overexpression construct was introduced into PMSCs, and the effect on glucose metabolism was examined using a glucose metabolism kit. Further, the expression of some proteins involved in glucose metabolism and the PI3K‐AKT pathway and the levels of microRNA Let‐7a–g were examined using western blots and real‐time quantitative PCR, respectively. To examine the relationship between Lin28 and the PI3K‐Akt pathway, the effects of AKT inhibitor treatment on the changes induced by Lin28 overexpression were examined. Subsequently, AML12 cells were co‐cultured with PMSCs to elucidate the mechanisms via which PMSCs prevent hypoxic injury in liver cells in vitro. Finally, C57BL/6J mice were used to establish a partial warm ischaemia–reperfusion model. The mice received intravenous injections containing PMSCs (control and Lin28‐overexpressing PMSCs). Finally, their serum transaminase levels and degree of liver injury were assessed using biochemical and histopathological methods, respectively. Lin28 was upregulated under hypoxic conditions in PMSCs. Lin28 exerted protective effects against hypoxia‐induced cell proliferation. Moreover, it increased the glycolytic capacity of PMSCs, allowing PMSCs to produce more energy under hypoxic conditions. Lin28 also activated the PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway under hypoxic conditions, and its effects were attenuated by AKT inhibition. Lin28 overexpression could protect cells against LIRI‐induced liver damage, inflammation and apoptosis and could also attenuate hypoxia‐induced hepatocyte injury. Lin28 enhances glucose metabolism under hypoxic conditions in PMSCs, thereby exerting protective effects against LIRI by activating the PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway. Our study is the first to report the potential of genetically modified PMSCs for LIRI treatment.
Impact of pin‐to‐plate cold plasma depolymerization on the gelation and functional attributes of guar galactomannan
Authors: Kalaivendan Ranjitha Gracy T. , Eazhumalai Gunaseelan , Annapure Uday S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the impact of pin‐to‐plate cold plasma on the gelation and functional attributes of guar seed galactomannan. The guar galactomannan was subjected to 170 and 230 V treatment for 30 and 60 min and investigated for the gel characteristics and functional properties. The cold plasma treatment incurred galactomannan chain depolymerization with a reduction in the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging from 7.33% to 48.99%. The water contact angle (WCA) reduced from 110.93° to 95.54°, thus increasing the hydration capacity (36.73–45.90 g/g). These mechanisms diminish the gel viscosity (from 798. 227 cP of UT to 334.65 cP at 230‐60) and the viscoelastic moduli (G′ andG″) indicating the low strength of gels from plasma‐treated galactomannan (PT‐GG). This further influenced the least gelation concentration, foam capacity, and foam stability. However, the critical strain (from 11.83% [UT] to 41% [230‐60]), cross‐over frequency (from 3.39 Hz [UT] to 15.3 Hz [230‐60]), and degradation activation energy (from 18.445 kJ/mol [UT] to 21.721 kJ/mol [230‐60]) of the PT‐GG were increased (from 18.445 kJ/mol [UT] to 21.721 kJ/mol [230‐60]) signifying the increased stability of gels by intramolecular and electrostatic forces. Thus, the cold plasma‐induced depolymerization and hydrophilic modification of galactomannan influence the gelation and functional attributes which widen the potential applications of the hydrocolloid.Practical ApplicationsDepolymerized guar gum is industrially known for its specific applications such as low‐viscosity source of dietary fiber, stabilizers, complex forming, and encapsulating agents. This study shows the potential of cold plasma processing as an eco‐friendly sustainable technology for producing depolymerized guar gum which can be applied as a source of fiber in enteral feed formulations, stabilizers in low viscous spreads and sauces, and also in thermo‐reversible gel networks due to its thermal gel transition attributes.
Successional dynamics of the cultivated kelp microbiome
Authors: Davis Katherine M. , Zeinert Logan , Byrne Allison , Davis Jonathan , Roemer Cosmo , Wright Michael , Parfrey Laura Wegener 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKelp are important primary producers that are colonized by diverse microbes that can have both positive and negative effects on their hosts. The kelp microbiome could support the burgeoning kelp cultivation sector by improving host growth, stress tolerance, and resistance to disease. Fundamental questions about the cultivated kelp microbiome still need to be addressed before microbiome‐based approaches can be developed. A critical knowledge gap is how cultivated kelp microbiomes change as hosts grow, particularly following outplanting to sites that vary in abiotic conditions and microbial source pools. In this study we assessed if microbes that colonize kelp in the nursery stage persist after outplanting. We characterized microbiome succession over time on two species of kelp, Alaria marginata and Saccharina latissima, outplanted to open ocean cultivation sites in multiple geographic locations. We tested for host‐species specificity of the microbiome and the effect of different abiotic conditions and microbial source pools on kelp microbiome stability during the cultivation process. We found the microbiome of kelp in the nursery is distinct from that of outplanted kelp. Few bacteria persisted on kelp following outplanting. Instead, we identified significant microbiome differences correlated with host species and microbial source pools at each cultivation site. Microbiome variation related to sampling month also indicates that seasonality in host and/or abiotic factors may influence temporal succession and microbiome turnover in cultivated kelps. This study provides a baseline understanding of microbiome dynamics during kelp cultivation and highlights research needs for applying microbiome manipulation to kelp cultivation.
Association between antihypertensive drugs and hepatocellular carcinoma: A trans‐ancestry and drug‐target Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Zhenqian , Lu Jiawen , Hu Jingyi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAntihypertensive drugs were recently reported to have an oncogenic role in common cancer, however, whether these drugs would affect the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.MethodsA drug‐target Mendelian randomization method was adopted to examine the long‐term effect of 12 antihypertensive drugs classes on the risk of HCC in Europeans and East Asians. To proxy antihypertensive drugs, we leveraged genetic variants located near or within drug target genes that were associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP). Genetically proxied drugs associated with reduced risk of coronary artery disease were included in primary analysis. Genetic summary statistics of SBP and HCC were derived from publicly available large‐scale genome‐wide association studies in Europeans and East Asians respectively. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) of drugs target genes were used to proxy drugs in a sensitivity analysis.ResultsGenetically proxied thiazides and related diuretics were associated with decreased risk of HCC in both Europeans (OR [95% CI]: 0.79 [0.73, 0.86] per 1 mmHg reduction in SBP; p < 0.001) and East Asians (0.60 [0.45, 0.82]; p = 0.001). Genetically proxied beta‐adrenoceptor blockers (BBs) were strongly associated with increased risk of HCC in Europeans (1.46 [1.12, 1.91]; p = 0.004). These findings were replicated in deCODE genetics study and remained consistent when using eQTLs to proxy antihypertensive drugs.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that thiazides diuretics may lower the risk of HCC in both Europeans and East Asians, while BBs may increase the risk of HCC specifically in Europeans. Further studies are warranted to explore the potential of repurposing or retargeting antihypertensive drugs for HCC prevention.
How do parents experience patching or dichoptic action video gaming as amblyopia treatment? A qualitative study exploring treatment preferences and information needs to facilitate decision‐making
Authors: Tan Emily TC , Kadhum Aveen , Telleman Marieke AJ , Treur Annemieke , Bruijning Janna , Loudon Sjoukje E 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeTo explore parents' experiences, preferences and information needs when either patching treatment or dichoptic action video gaming is used as an amblyopia treatment for their child.MethodsA qualitative study was carried out on parents whose newly diagnosed amblyopic children participated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effects of dichoptic action video gaming versus patching. A purposive heterogenic sample was selected for an additional interview after the study period. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with one or both parents and transcribed verbatim, and a thematic analysis was performed.ResultsTen families agreed to participate: seven in the patching group and three in the gaming group. Two themes emerged from the data exploring experiences with treatment: (1) factors influencing compliance and (2) burden with treatment. Parents reported creating a routine which improved compliance with patching, as opposed to gaming where parents felt less need to conduct the treatment themselves as it was performed in the outpatient clinic. In both groups, parents experienced an information hiatus regarding the role of refractive error. In deciding the type of treatment to be used, parents preferred to deliberate the choice with the healthcare professional and discuss considerations resulting in shared decisions. The emerging themes were (1) effect and efficiency of treatment, (2) organisational aspects of treatments and (3) their child's traits.ConclusionThis study provides insight into the experiences of parents whose children underwent different types of amblyopia therapy. Both treatments have their own advantages and disadvantages. For parents, the effectiveness and efficiency of treatment were the most important aspects when deciding the method of management. Parents wish to come to a well‐informed, shared decision regarding the type of amblyopia treatment.
Concurrent disasters: Perceived administrative burdens and household coping capacities
Authors: Sapat Alka , Mitsova Diana , Sweeting Karen D. , Esnard Ann‐Margaret , Escaleras Monica 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWeather‐related disasters during the COVID‐19 pandemic exacerbated the vulnerabilities of individuals and households, and concurrent disasters are becoming more of the norm as we face more extreme weather patterns. This study seeks to extend administrative burden scholarship to better understand the administrative burdens (real and perceived) that a citizen experiences when applying for disaster assistance while facing concurrent disasters. Using logistic regression analysis and Generalized Structural Equation Modeling, we analyze primary survey data from households in five Texas counties that were impacted by the 2021 Winter Storm Uri. Our findings indicate that learning, compliance, and psychological costs, disaster‐related damages, and infrastructure losses, coping with concurrent disasters during the pandemic, and social vulnerability factors, such as age and the lack of insurance increase administrative burdens and difficulties for disaster aid applicants. Practical implications include recommendations to more effectively address concurrent disasters and reduce associated administrative burdens and inequities in disaster assistance programs.
A chloroplast diacylglycerol lipase modulates glycerolipid pathway balance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yu Linhui , Shen Wenyun , Fan Jilian , Sah Saroj Kumar , Mavraganis Ioannis , Wang Liping , Gao Peng , Gao Jie , Zheng Qian , Meesapyodsuk Dauenpen , Yang Hui , Li Qiang , Zou Jitao , Xu Changcheng 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYTwo parallel pathways compartmentalized in the chloroplast and the endoplasmic reticulum contribute to thylakoid lipid synthesis in plants, but how these two pathways are coordinated during thylakoid biogenesis and remodeling remains unknown. We report here the molecular characterization of a homologous ADIPOSE TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE‐LIKE gene, previously referred to as ATGLL. The ATGLL gene is ubiquitously expressed throughout development and rapidly upregulated in response to a wide range of environmental cues. We show that ATGLL is a chloroplast non‐regioselective lipase with a hydrolytic activity preferentially towards 16:0 of diacylglycerol (DAG). Comprehensive lipid profiling and radiotracer labeling studies revealed a negative correlation of ATGLL expression and the relative contribution of the chloroplast lipid pathway to thylakoid lipid biosynthesis. Additionally, we show that genetic manipulation of ATGLL expression resulted in changes in triacylglycerol levels in leaves. We propose that ATGLL, through affecting the level of prokaryotic DAG in the chloroplast, plays important roles in balancing the two glycerolipid pathways and in maintaining lipid homeostasis in plants.