bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wavelength-dependent Extinction and Grain Sizes in “Dippers”
Authors: Sitko Michael L. , Russell Ray W. , Long Zachary C. , Assani Korash , Pikhartova Monika , Bayyari Ammar , Grady Carol A. , Lisse Carey M. , Marengo Massimo , Wisniewski John P. , Danchi William C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We have examined internight variability of K2-discovered “dippers” that are not close to being viewed edge-on, as determined from previously reported ALMA images, using the SpeX spectrograph on NASA’s Infrared Telescope Facility. The three objects observed were EPIC 203850058, EPIC 205151387, and EPIC 204638512 (=2MASS J16042165-2130284). Using the ratio of the fluxes between two successive nights, we find that for EPIC 204638512 and EPIC 205151387, we find that the properties of the dust differ from that seen in the diffuse interstellar medium and denser molecular clouds. However, the grain properties needed to explain the extinction does resemble those used to model the disks of many young stellar objects. The wavelength-dependent extinction models of both EPIC 204638512 and EPIC 205151387 includes grains at least 500 μm in size, but lacks grains smaller than 0.25 μm. The change in extinction during the dips, and the timescale for these variations to occur, imply obscuration by the surface layers of the inner disks. The recent discovery of a highly misinclined inner disk in EPIC 204638512 is suggests that the variations in this disk system may point to due to rapid changes in obscuration by the surface layers of its inner disk, and that other “face-on” dippers might have similar geometries. The He i line at 1.083 μm in EPIC 205151387 and EPIC 20463851 were seen to change from night to night, suggesting that we are seeing He i gas mixed in with the surface dust.
Estimation of the Flux at 1450 MHz of OB Stars for FAST and SKA
Authors: Huang 黄 Qichen 启宸 , Jiang 姜 Biwei 碧沩 , Deng 邓 Dingshan 丁山 , Yu 于 Bin 斌 , Zijlstra Albert 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Radio observation is crucial to understanding the wind mechanism of OB stars but very scarce. This work estimates the flux at 1450 MHz (S
1.4GHz) of about 5000 OB stars identified by the LAMOST spectroscopic survey and confirmed by the Gaia astrometric as well as astrophysical measurements. The calculation is performed under the free–free emission mechanism for wind with the mass-loss rate derived from stellar parameters. The estimated S
1.4GHz distributes from 10−11 to 10−3 Jy with the peak at about 10−8 Jy. This implies that the complete SKA-II can detect more than half of them, and some tens of objects are detectable by FAST without considering source confusion. An array of FAST would increase the detectable sample by 2 orders of magnitude.
The SUPERCOLD-CGM Survey. I. Probing the Extended CO(4–3) Emission of the Circumgalactic Medium in a Sample of 10 Enormous Lyα Nebulae at z ∼ 2
Authors: Li Jianrui , Emonts Bjorn H. C. , Cai Zheng , Li Jianan , Battaia Fabrizio Arrigoni , Prochaska Jason X , Yoon Ilsang , Lehnert Matthew D. , Sarazin Craig , Wu Yunjing , Lacy Mark , Mason Brian , Massingill Kyle 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To understand how massive galaxies at high z coevolve with enormous reservoirs of halo gas, it is essential to study the coldest phase of the circumgalactic medium (CGM), which directly relates to stellar growth. The SUPERCOLD-CGM survey is the first statistical survey of cold molecular gas on CGM scales. We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array and Atacama Compact Array observations of CO(4–3) and continuum emission from 10 enormous Lyα nebulae (ELANe) around ultraluminous type I quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) at z ∼ 2. We detect CO(4–3) in 100% of our targets, with 60% showing extended CO on scales of 15–100 kpc. Q1228+3128 reveals the most extended CO(4–3) reservoir of ∼100 kpc and is the only radio-loud target in our sample. The CO reservoir is located along the radio axis, which could indicate a link between the inner radio jet and cold halo gas. For the other five radio-quiet ELANe, four of them show extended CO(4–3) predominantly in the direction of their companions. These extended CO(4–3) reservoirs identify enrichment of the CGM and may potentially contribute to widespread star formation. However, there is no evidence from CO(4–3) for diffuse molecular gas spread across the full extent of the Lyα nebulae. One target in our sample (Q0107) shows significant evidence for a massive CO disk associated with the QSO. Moreover, 70% of our QSO fields contain at least one CO companion, two of which reveal extended CO emission outside the ELANe. Our results provide insight into roles of both the cold CGM and companions in driving the early evolution of massive galaxies.
A NuSTAR and Chandra Investigation of the Misaligned Outflow of PSR J1101–6101 and the Lighthouse Pulsar Wind Nebula
Authors: Klingler Noel , Hare Jeremy , Kargaltsev Oleg , Pavlov George G. , Tomsick John 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
PSR J1101–6101 is an energetic young pulsar that powers the remarkable Lighthouse pulsar wind nebula (PWN). The pulsar belongs to the rare type of radio- and gamma-ray-quiet pulsars that are bright in hard X-rays. Moreover, the Lighthouse PWN is remarkable for its misaligned outflow (which gave rise to the PWN’s nickname). Also known as “pulsar filaments,” these collimated parsec-scale X-ray structures have been recently discovered in the vicinity of a handful of fast-moving pulsars, and they appear unaffected by the ram pressure that confines pulsar tails. We report on NuSTAR observations of PSR J1101–6101 and its misaligned outflow—the first observation of such a structure above ∼10 keV. We detect the outflow up to 25 keV, spatially resolve its spectral evolution with distance from the pulsar, find unambiguous evidence of spectral cooling with distance from the pulsar, and infer physical properties of the particles and magnetic field in the outflow. We also reanalzye archival Chandra data and discuss the outflow’s small-scale structure. We detect pulsations from PSR J1101–6101 up to 20 keV, present the X-ray pulse profile, confirm its period derivative, and perform phase-resolved spectroscopy. Finally, we discuss the X-ray source 2CXO J110158.4–605649 = 2XMM J110158.5–605651 (a serendipitously observed blazar) and suggest it may be the X-ray counterpart to the GeV source 4FGL J1102.0–6054.
Tidal Dissipation in Stratified and Semi-convective Regions of Giant Planets
Authors: Pontin Christina M. , Barker Adrian J. , Hollerbach Rainer 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We study how stably stratified or semi-convective layers alter the tidal dissipation rates associated with the generation of internal waves in planetary interiors. We consider if these layers could contribute to the high rates of tidal dissipation observed for Jupiter and Saturn in our solar system. We use an idealized global spherical Boussinesq model to study the influence of stable stratification and semi-convective layers on tidal dissipation rates. We carry out analytical and numerical calculations considering realistic tidal forcing and measure how the viscous and thermal dissipation rates depend on the parameters relating to the internal stratification profile. We find that the strongly frequency-dependent tidal dissipation rate is highly dependent on the parameters relating to the stable stratification, with strong resonant peaks that align with the internal modes of the system. The locations and sizes of these resonances depend on the form and parameters of the stratification, which we explore both analytically and numerically. Our results suggest that stable stratification can significantly enhance the tidal dissipation in particular frequency ranges. Analytical calculations in the low-frequency regime give us scaling laws for the key parameters, including the tidal quality factor

Q
′

due to internal gravity waves. Stably stratified layers can significantly contribute to tidal dissipation in solar and extrasolar giant planets, and we estimate substantial tidal evolution for hot Neptunes. Further investigation is needed to robustly quantify the significance of the contribution in realistic interior models, and to consider the contribution of inertial waves.
A QPO in Mkn 421 from Archival RXTE Data
Authors: Smith Evan , Oramas Lani , Perlman Eric 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We report a 325(−7, +8) day quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) in the X-ray emission of the blazar Mkn 421 based on data obtained with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer satellite. The QPO is seen prominently in the ASM data (at least 15 cycles) due to the fact that it has had near-continuous sampling for more than a decade. The PCA data, where the sampling is not uniform and shows many large gaps, provide supporting evidence at lower significance. The QPOs are an important observable in accretion disks, can be modulated by various orbital timescales, and may be generated by a number of mechanisms. They have been studied extensively in X-ray binaries and should be present in active galactic nuclei (AGN) if they are governed by a common set of physical principles. In jetted sources, QPOs can probe jet–disk interactions or helical oscillations. This QPO has previously been claimed intermittently in X-ray, radio, and gamma-ray data, but the continuous, 15 yr extent (1996–2011) of the ASM observations (in which Mkn 421 is the brightest AGN observed) provides a unique window. The QPO appears to be present for nearly the entire extent of the ASM observations. We explore various physical origins and modulating mechanisms, particularly interpretations of the QPO as a result of disk–jet interactions, due to either an accretion disk limit cycle, jet instabilities, or helical motions. Limit cycle oscillations would not interact with either Keplerian or Lense–Thirring modulated oscillations; however, those associated with jet instabilities or helical motions in the jet would likely be modulated by Lense–Thirring precession.
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Quiescent Coronal Rain over an Active Region
Authors: Şahin Seray , Antolin Patrick , Froment Clara , Schad Thomas A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The solar corona produces coronal rain, hundreds of times colder and denser material than the surroundings. Coronal rain is known to be deeply linked to coronal heating, but its origin, dynamics, and morphology are still not well understood. The leading theory for its origin is thermal instability (TI) occurring in coronal loops in a state of thermal nonequilibrium (TNE), the TNE-TI scenario. Under steady heating conditions, TNE-TI repeats in cycles, leading to long-period EUV intensity pulsations and periodic coronal rain. In this study, we investigate coronal rain on the large spatial scales of an active region (AR) and over the long temporal scales of EUV intensity pulsations to elucidate its distribution at such scales. We conduct a statistical study of coronal rain observed over an AR off limb with Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph and Solar Dynamics Observatory imaging data, spanning chromospheric to transition region (TR) temperatures. The rain is widespread across the AR, irrespective of the loop inclination, and with minimal variation over the 5.45 hr duration of the observation. Most rain has a downward (87.5%) trajectory; however, upward motions (12.5%) are also ubiquitous. The rain dynamics are similar over the observed temperature range, suggesting that the TR emission and chromospheric emission are colocated on average. The average clump widths and lengths are similar in the SJI channels and wider in the AIA 304 Å channel. We find ubiquitous long-period EUV intensity pulsations in the AR. Short-term periodicity is found (16 minutes) linked to the rain appearance, which constitutes a challenge to explain under the TNE-TI scenario.
De l’amant vert au héraut noir : le perroquet du Mémoire et épitaphe de Ferdinand d’Aragon de Nicaise Ladam, enjeu de filiation
Authors: Reynes Benjamin 
Published: June 2023

Nicaise Ladam, futur héraut d’armes de Charles Quint, entreprend d’écrire une déploration sur la mort de Ferdinand le Catholique en 1516, qu’il intitule Memoire et épytaphe de feu de bonne mémoire (…) Domp Fernande (…) . Après que l’Acteur s’est retiré du monde pour écrire sa complainte, un perroquet à la barbe noire et à la couleur grise comme les vêtements d’un ermite, apparaît sous la forme d’un « héraut », le charge sur son dos et le transporte à Grenade, où se trouve la sépulture du Roi Catholique. Cet article examine la possibilité que Nicaise Ladam s’inspire des Epîtres de l’Amant vert de Jean Lemaire de Belges, en prenant à contre-pied le motif du jeune et vert « papegay », afin de capter une partie de l’autorité littéraire d’une gloire bourguignonne au moment où il tâche de s’intégrer au réseau littéraire habsbourgeois.
Une ethnologue parmi des enfants qui grandissent en Chine urbaine
Authors: Chicharro Gladys 
Published: June 2023

Cet article revient sur une recherche au long cours menée depuis 2001 dans ce qui était alors une petite « ville nouvelle » de la province du Hebei devenue en une décennie simple banlieue de la capitale. J’évoque les relations de terrain qui s’établissent et évoluent, dans un environnement urbain en rapide mutation, entre une ethnologue et les membres de familles, qui grandissent, vieillissent et changent de statut et de génération parallèlement. Ces retours réguliers et le réajustement des positionnements qu’ils impliquent apportent justement des perspectives différentes pour analyser les transformations vécues par les familles, notamment du fait de la politique de l’enfant unique puis de son abrogation, les relations intergénérationnelles et l’évolution de la place des enfants dans la société chinoise urbaine.
« Le réveil de la conscience hakka de Taïwan »
Authors: Ko Pei-yi 
Published: June 2023

En 1992, la région de Meinong, bourgade agricole hakka située au sud de Taïwan, fut fortement agitée par un projet étatique de grande ampleur qui prévoyait la construction d’un réservoir d’eau. Après plus de sept ans, les Hakka locaux sont parvenus à faire interrompre ce projet qui, selon eux, menaçait leur environnement et leur culture. L’intervention de toute une génération de jeunes diplômés de l’université de retour dans leur région natale (fanxiang housheng, « les juniors de retour au foyer ») fut déterminante dans cette résistance. Ces jeunes militants ont réussi à développer un vaste réseau régional et international de relations à travers différentes associations et à mobiliser de nombreuses ressources culturelles officielles jusqu’à la création de toutes les pièces d’un culte dédié aux papillons jaunes, en empruntant et en réinventant la très ancienne liturgie confucéenne dite des « Trois offrandes » (sanxianli). Leur retour inédit a aussi entraîné une concurrence entre figures locales faisant autorité dans l’interprétation de la culture de Meinong. Celle-ci est devenue un véritable enjeu de pouvoir au sein des élites autochtones, alors même que le contexte de démocratisation de Taïwan à partir de la fin des années 1990 engendrait des changements plus favorables au statut ethnique des Hakka. Dans cet article, nous verrons, à partir du point de vue d’une ethnologue taïwanaise sur un terrain mené depuis vingt ans, comment ces Hakka ont fini par incarner un modèle de mouvement social réussi.
Efficacy of carbon peel laser in acne vulgaris in skin of color: A single center prospective study
Authors: Bhatnagar Anuj , Mitra Debdeep , Kishore Karthi , Kumar Manish , Valarmathi Therasal , Kumar Arun , Kumar Rahul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
Acne vulgaris is a chronic disease of pilosebaceous units that affects approximately 80% of adult population. Despite various treatment modalities being reported, treating acne with minimal side effects is difficult. Specifically, topical carbon suspension combined with QsNdYAG laser treatment (carbon peel laser technique) has gained popularity recently for effective treatment of acne vulgaris.

Objectives:
To study the efficacy of carbon peel laser technique in the management of acne vulgaris (Grade II–IV) in skin of color.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study was done on 35 patients who presented with acne vulgaris Grade II–IV, who were poorly compliant to treatment with topical/systemic agents owing to side effects or failure of treatment, to meet patient’s expectations. The patients were subjected to an initial topical application of carbon suspension (Cosderma Carbon gel) followed by treatment with quality switching neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Qs:NdYAG) laser in two modes (quasi long pulsed mode followed by Q switched mode 1064 nm). The treatment consisted of three sittings with intervals of 2 weeks. The patients were asked to avoid use of any topical/systemic medication for acne during this period.

Results:
Significant reduction of erythematous and nodular acne lesions was noted after three sittings of “carbon peel laser technique”. Among 35 patients, 28 (80%) showed >80% improvement and 7 (20%) showed 50%–80% improvement in skin lesions in the form of decrease in the number and size of lesions and extent of inflammation, with no patients nonresponsive to treatment. The postprocedure complications were minimal; 6 (20%) developed erythema, and 1 (3.3%) patient developed mild tolerable pain with no post inflammatory hyper/hypopigmentation. The postprocedure mean ISGA (Investigator Status Global Assessment) was 1.342 as compared with preprocedure mean ISGA of 3.657 with value of P <0.0001.

Conclusion:
Carbon peel laser technique is an effective method for the management of acne vulgaris in skin of color with minimal side effects and significant results
Single-Fraction Gamma-Knife Radiosurgery with or without Previous Surgery for Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas: A Single-Center Experience and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Basak AT , Ozbek MA 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The most effective treatment method for meningiomas is surgical treatment. However, complete resection of cavernous sinus meningiomas is quite difficult. The biggest reasons for this are; narrow surgical corridor, the optic chiasm is the close relationship between the cranial nerves and anterior cerebral and internal carotid arteries. Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) may be a good option in these lesions with high mortality and morbidity.

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the early effects at a mean of 6 months and 3 years and outcomes between surgery followed by gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) and GKRS alone for cavernous sinus meningiomas.

Methods:
We included 20 patients with cavernous sinus meningioma treated via single fraction Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion (Elekta Instruments; Stockholm, Sweden) between 2015 and 2018. The mean age of the patients was 54.95 (range: 32–77) years. Nine patients underwent primary surgery (for the resection of extracavernous components of the tumor) followed by GKRS (for the resection of intracavernous components of the tumor) (group A). Meanwhile, 11 patients were managed with GKRS alone (group B). The tumor volume ranged from 2.8 to 32.8 (mean: 14.76) cm3 and the isodose to the tumor margin from 10 to 13.5 (mean: 11.65) Gy.

Results:
In total, 20 patients were followed up at a mean time of 18.95 (range: 6–36) months. The mean Karnofsky Performance Score of the patients was 95.2%. The mean follow up times of groups A and B were 23.6 and 15 months, respectively. Meanwhile, only patients with a follow up time of at least 6 months were included in the study. The mean follow up time after GKRS in group A was 17.6 months. There was no change in the tumor volume in 15% of patients. In the remaining cases, the tumor volume decreased. The mean tumor regression rates were 82.2% in Group A and 17.7% in Group B. The tumor volume did not decrease in three patients (n = 1, group A and n = 2, group B). Cranial nerve deficits improved, worsened, and remained stable in 46.6%, 26.6%, and 26.6% of cases, respectively. The temporary morbidity rate was 10%. In group A, transient postoperative diabetes insipidus was observed in one patient and atelectasis in another. None of these complications affected the final status of patients. The mortality rate after treatment was 0%.

Conclusion:
Volume staged GKRS is safe and effective for cavernous sinus meningioma. GKRS is effective for long term tumor growth control and has a low complication rate. Hence, it is the preferred management strategy for tumors with a suitable volume (average tumor diameter: 3 cm or volume: 10 cm3 ). In tumors with a volume of more than 10 mL and/or without a 3 mm safety margin with the optical system, it is recommended to prepare for radiosurgery by cytoreducing the tumor volume surgically. Based on our opinion, the best results were obtained by GKRS to the intracavernous.
Traumatic Tongue Laceration: An Experience of Two Tertiary Centers in South East Nigeria
Authors: Okechi UC , Umeanuka OT , Akpeh JO 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Traumatic injuries to the orofacial region are common and can be challenging to the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. The tongue is one of the structures that can be involved; however, the incidence of this injury to the tongue appears rare. Most of the reported work on this topic is on children.

Patients and Methods:
This is a three-year prospective study of traumatic tongue lacerations managed at the oral and maxillofacial centers of two tertiary hospitals in the southeast of Nigeria.

Result:
A total of 37 cases with tongue lacerations among 353 patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma constituting a prevalence of 10.5%. Their age ranged from 6 months to 57 years with a mean of 18.4 years (standard deviation 17.5). Twenty three (62.2%) are males and 14 (37.8%) females in a ratio of 1.6:1. The duration of injury on presentation ranged from 45 minutes to 96 hours with a mean duration of 26.7 hours. Majority of the laceration occurred in the anterior part of the tongue (24) (64.9%). Thirteen falls (35.1%) and nine motor vehicle accidents (24.3%) were the most common etiology. Thirty six (97.3%) were sutured primarily on presentation while only one (2.7%) was delayed before closure. Anesthesia was achieved with only Local Anesthetic agent in 18 (48.6%) cases, whereas in 13 (35.1%) cases a combination of Local Anesthetic agent and sedation.

Conclusion:
Tongue lacerations are not very common in the southeast of Nigeria, and management in children may require sedation. Treatment could involve suturing the wound or being left alone to heal.
Engineering prototype based on the study of extremophiles
Authors: Hauser Adrian David 
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses engineering options for understanding how extremophile organisms might shed light on the possibilities of life on other planets. The study of extremophiles is responsible for the life that can exist in highly hostile environments on Earth, such as volcanoes, arid deserts, or domains with high salt concentrations. Engineering could be the essential tool to know unexpected life scenarios so that developments in this sense are proposed. The proposed prototype is generated from the analysis of extremophiles so that an engineering development suitable for adaptation to complex environments and valuable for the best human living conditions is possible. The main results show that a design with these characteristics presents more advantages than other technologies.