bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraisals and performance reviews: measuring progress
Authors: Peate Ian 
Published: June 2023

The aim of the annual appraisal meeting is to provide an opportunity for you and your manager to review your performance over the previous 12 months and to agree key goals, objectives and personal development needs for the year ahead. This article gives readers information concerning appraisals and performance reviews and how to prepare for them within an NHS setting. The primary focus is on being prepared and ready for the appraisal, to gain as much from the activity as possible. Issues surrounding appraisals and performance reviews are discussed, for example, the relevance of the NHS Constitution and the importance of wellbeing conversations. The article provides readers with information that is necessary for them to prepare effectively for such reviews. Tips that may help with the appraisal process are provided at the end of the discussion.
The Journalism Manifesto, Barbie Zelizer, Pablo J. Boczkowski and Christopher W. Anderson (2022)
Authors: Fisher Caroline 
Published: June 2023

Review of: The Journalism Manifesto, Barbie Zelizer, Pablo J. Boczkowski and Christopher W. Anderson (2022)
Cambridge: Polity Press, 122 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-50954-263-5, h/bk, AUD 72.95
ISBN 978-1-50954-264-2, p/bk, AUD 20.95
ISBN 978-1-50954-265-9, e-book, AUD 16.99
Digital Journalism in China, Shixin Ivy Zhang (ed.) (2022)
Authors: Josephi Beate 
Published: June 2023

Review of: Digital Journalism in China, Shixin Ivy Zhang (ed.) (2022)
London: Routledge, 134 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-03216-215-7, h/bk, USD 103.00
ISBN 978-1-00324-757-9, e-book, USD 32.39
Borderland: Decolonizing the Words of War, Chrisanthi Giotis (2022)
Authors: Murrell Colleen 
Published: June 2023

Review of: Borderland: Decolonizing the Words of War, Chrisanthi Giotis (2022)
New York: Oxford University Press, 296 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-19756-579-7, h/bk, GBP 64.00
ISBN 978-0-19756-580-3, p/bk, GBP 19.99
ISBN 978-0-19756-582-7, e-book, AUD 31.75
Creative Practice Research in the Age of Neoliberal Hopelessness, Agnieszka Piotrowska (ed.) (2020)
Authors: Via Valentin 
Published: June 2023

Review of: Creative Practice Research in the Age of Neoliberal Hopelessness, Agnieszka Piotrowska (ed.) (2020)
Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 344 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47446-357-7, p/bk, £19.99
ISBN 978-1-47446-356-0, h/bk, £90.00
ISBN 978-1-47446-359-1, e-book, £90.00
Authorizing Superhero Comics: On the Evolution of a Popular Serial Genre, Daniel Stein (2021)
Authors: Hong Tiffany 
Published: June 2023

Review of: Authorizing Superhero Comics: On the Evolution of a Popular Serial Genre, Daniel Stein (2021)
Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University Press, 315 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-81425-802-6, h/bk, $34.95
Increased Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Lim Jihye , Kim Ye-Jee , Kim Seonok , Choi Jonggi 
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Few large-scale studies have been published regarding the association between autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and risk of osteoporotic fracture. This study aimed to determine the risk of developing an osteoporotic fracture in patients with AIH.

METHODS:
We used claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2007 and 2020. Patients with AIH (n = 7,062) were matched with controls (n = 28,122) based on age, sex, and duration of follow-up using a ratio of 1:4. Osteoporotic fractures included fractures of the vertebrae, hip, distal radius, and proximal humerus. The incidence rate (IR) and IR ratio of osteoporotic fracture were compared between the 2 groups, and their associated factors were evaluated.

RESULTS:
During a median follow-up period of 5.4 years, 712 osteoporotic fractures occurred in patients with AIH with an IR of 17.5 per 1,000 person-years. Patients with AIH had a significantly higher risk of osteoporotic fractures than matched controls, with an IR ratio of 1.24 (95% confidence intervals, 1.10–1.39, P < 0.01) in the multivariable analysis. Female sex, older age, history of stroke, presence of cirrhosis, and use of glucocorticoids were associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. In the 2-year landmark analysis, longer duration of glucocorticoid exposure was associated with an incremental increased risk of osteoporotic fracture.

DISCUSSION:
Patients with AIH had an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture compared with controls. The presence of cirrhosis and long-term use of glucocorticoids further adversely affected osteoporotic fracture in patients with AIH.
Just How Unorthodox? Assessing Lawmaking on Omnibus Spending Bills
Authors: Reynolds Molly E. , Hanson Peter C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractScholars commonly observe that lawmaking in Congress has transitioned from the textbook system of “regular order” in which power was decentralized in committees and lawmaking followed a formal process to one of “unorthodox lawmaking” characterized by the centralization of power in party leaders and a lack of formal process. It is debated whether this change marks a decline in Congress’s lawmaking capacity, or is a procedural adaptation that has allowed Congress to remain productive despite high levels of partisanship. In this article, we maintain that lawmaking in Congress varies along two dimensions: formality of process and centralization of power. We analyze non-spending bills added to omnibus appropriations packages to demonstrate that lawmaking on these bills is informal and decentralized. Rank-and-file members retain a capacity to place matters on the legislative agenda and authorizing committees retain gatekeeping and policymaking authority. The process through which add-ons are approved is also bipartisan. Our findings demonstrate that this style of lawmaking is a procedural adaptation used by members to pass legislation important to their districts and in which committees continue to play an important deliberative role.
Differential analysis of landscape patterns of land cover products in tropical marine climate zones – A case study in Malaysia
Authors: Wang Xue , Wang Wei , Zhong Mianqing , Xu Xiaoting 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Land cover in tropical marine climate zones is important for global climate change. The existing analysis of land cover product consistency mainly focuses on a continental or national scale and rarely takes different geographical zones (such as tropical marine climate zones) as examples to carry out micro-interpretation from the perspective of ecology from the grid scale. In fact, some types of land cover under different zones have poor accuracy due to the standard of cognition and the complexity of the spatial pattern of ground objects. In addition, land cover and its change in tropical Marine climate zones will affect the greenhouse effect, energy balance, water transport, and so on, thus affecting climate change on a regional or even global scale. Therefore, this article presents an evaluation based on GLOBCOVER, CCI LC, and MCD12Q1 data using Malaysia as a case study, through area composition similarity, field sample point validation, and landscape indices. The results showed that (1) the area correlation coefficient between GLOBCOVER and CCI LC is the highest at 0.998. (2) The CCI LC had the highest OA and kappa coefficient of 59.01% and 0.4957, while the GLOBCOVER product had the lowest OA and kappa coefficient of 49.24% and 0.3614, respectively. (3) The consistency of the water landscape index is high between the CCI LC and GLOBCOVE data, the consistency of the artificial surfaces landscape index is high between the CCI LC and MCD12Q1 products, and the consistency of the grassland/shrubland landscape index is high between the GLOBCOVE and MCD12Q1 products. The results of microscopic landscape patterns show that the three product landscape patterns are generally more consistent in East Malaysia than in West Malaysia. The low accuracy of grassland, bareland, and shrubland is the key reason for the wide variation in landscape patterns between the three products.
Effect of stacking sequence and thickness variation on the thermo-mechanical properties of flax-kenaf laminated biocomposites and prediction of the optimal configuration using a decision-making framework
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Bhowmik Sumit , Zindani Divya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The use of naturally derived eco-friendly biocomposites became more popular due to growing environmental concerns and hunt for sustainable materials. Biocomposites can reduce the residual waste and carbon emission to the environment during their lifecycle. The present study aims to develop biocomposites by reinforcing flax fiber (F) and kenaf fiber (K) laminates with bio-epoxy matrix at four different arrangements (FFF, FKF, KFK, and KKK). The biocomposite samples were fabricated with three laminated thicknesses (3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm) and the thermo-mechanical performance was investigated. The results showed that FFF biocomposites recorded higher tensile, flexural, and interfacial properties with lower density and absorption of water compared to KKK biocomposites due to higher cylindrical lumen diameter of flax laminates. The hybridization of flax with kenaf fiber at different stacking sequences provided greater strength, modulus, toughness, stiffness, thermal stability and degradation behaviour due to greater interfacial interaction between laminated fiber and bio-epoxy. The FKF biocomposites showed maximum impact strength (52.96 kJ/m2), tensile strength (110.21 MPa), and compressive strength (139.64 MPa) at 5 mm laminated thickness while, flexural (158.67 MPa) and shear strength (39.45 MPa) were maximum at 4 mm thickness with the highest degradation temperature (336 °C). The optimal biocomposite configuration has been identified through employability of a novel decision-making framework encompassing interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets, TOmada de DecisaoInterativaMulticriterio (TODIM) and Schweizer–Sklar operations. The inclusive evaluation with regard to the applied framework has revealed that FKF and KFK biocomposites with 4 mm thickness (Lam5 and Lam8) configuration to have the optimal configuration. On the other hand, Lam 10, i.e., KKK_3 mm turned out to be inferior to all the considered biocomposite configurations.
Quality characteristics of white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) affected by gamma irradiation and volatile oils during storage
Authors: Mohammed Marwa K. , Abouel-Yazeed Ayman M. , Abdalla Ahmed E. , Maraei Rabab W. , Aly Amina A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Agaricus bisporus mushrooms contain various bioactive substances, the current study aimed to evaluate the effects of gamma-irradiation (1.5, and 2.0 kGy) and essential oils (EOs) fumigation treatments including; geranium (60, and 80 μL L−1) as well as lemongrass (40, and 60 μL L−1) on quality characteristics (color, weight loss, firmness), and microbial properties, as well as total and reducing sugars of mushrooms at 4 °C during storage for 12 days. It was found that 40 μL L−1 lemongrass (L1) showed the highest L* after 12 days of storage so, it gave the greatest impact on reducing browning of mushrooms. Geranium oil (G1) recorded the least increase in weight-loss (3.01 %) after 12 days of storage. Otherwise, the firmness was also significantly inceased in the EOs (60 μL L−1 of geranium and 40 μL L−1 of lemongrass) samples compared to the controls and gamma-rays. The EOs achieved slight increases in TSS% compared with other treatments. Also, total sugar content in all treatments showed an overall reduction with storage time. Gamma-irradiation (1.5, and 2.0 kGy) was more efficient in inhibiting the development of mesophilic and psychrophilic count. While, lemongrass treatment (L2) has the lowest count of fungi at the end of storage (0.5 log10 CFU g−1). The current findings suggest that and EOs (geranium & lemongrass) and gamma-irradiation are a promise process for maintaining the quality of A. bisporus through refrigeration preservation.
Formen, Kreise, Diagramme. Bemerkungen zur Notation von „Formen“
Authors: Hoegl Franz 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungWelche Rolle spielen die aus vielen Texten der Systemtheorie vertrauten „Form“-Figuren? Der vorliegende Beitrag beobachtet an theorieüblichen Selbstbeschreibungen der Rolle der „Formen“ vorbei den tatsächlichen Gebrauch dieser „Formen“ in ihren unterschiedlichen Notationsweisen. Der Umgang mit den „Formen“ ist in dieser Perspektive kein Anwenden eines Kalkül des Sozialen. Die Formen fungieren nicht als logische Ausdrücke. Vielmehr lassen sich, so die These, diese Figuren alsDiagrammedeuten, die der Systemtheorie, wie Wittgensteins „Sprachspiele“ in der Sprachphilosophie, als Vergleichsobjekte dienen. In diesem Sinne macht der Beitrag den Vorschlag, den diagrammatischen Umgang als eine fruchtbare heuristische Praxis zu begreifen, als eine (systemtheoretische) Form von Design Thinking.
Tricksters Grenzen: Räume, Überschreitungen und die Außenseite der Form
Authors: Götzelt Thomas 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Unterscheidungen setzen Motive an ihren Außenseiten voraus, die nicht von den Beobachtern selbst, aber von deren Beobachtern gesehen werden können. Diese Möglichkeit ist umso wichtiger, wenn nicht nur einzelne Motive, sondern auch einschlägige und vor allem prekäre Motivmuster thematisiert werden. Am Beispiel der mesopotamischen Heldenfigur Gilgameš skizziert der Beitrag einen parasitären Umgang mit Macht, der zwar das Gemeinwohl zur Schau stellt, aber seine Ambitionen verfolgt und durch seine Übergriffe sichtbar, behandelbar und antizipierbar wird. Visuelle Mementos, hier das Ikon des Huwawa, des von Gilgameš getöteten Wächters, fungieren als Symbolisierung dieses Verhaltens und seiner Beobachtbarkeit. So gingen sie als Zeichen von Hybris, Machtmissbrauch und Tabubruch in das kulturelle Gedächtnis Mesopotamiens und der nachfolgenden Welt ein, und zwar erwartungsgemäß auch außerhalb der schriftkundigen Eliten.
Predictive salivary biomarkers for early diagnosis of periodontal diseases – current and future developments
Authors: Shi Fangping , Liu Wei , Yao Yuexian , Zhang Qingbin , Chen Zhe , Xian Yankui , Sujanamulk Bhavana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Periodontal diseases are chronic diseases of oral cavity comprising of inflammatory conditions which effect the supporting structures of dentition. It is a multifactorial disease which is also known to be affected by genetic and environmental factors. However, some of the clinical parameters such as probing depth, attachment level, plaque index, bleeding on probing and radiographic assessment of alveolar bone are known to assess the severity of disease, although the disease activity is not measured. In the current scenario the salivary diagnostic markers for diagnosis of periodontal diseases have included the salivary enzymes, immunoglobulins, bacterial components or products, phenotypic markers such as epithelial markers. Also, saliva is a mirror of oral and systemic health and a valuable source to find out the physiological aspects of periodontal diseases. The present review thus highlights various salivary biomarkers which are quick, easy and reliable method for assessing and monitoring periodontal disease that improves and speeds treatment decisions and moves the field closer to individualized point-of-care diagnostics.
Recurrent Circuits Amplify Corticofugal Signals and Drive Feedforward Inhibition in the Inferior Colliculus
Authors: Oberle Hannah M. , Ford Alexander N. , Czarny Jordyn E. , Rogalla Meike M. , Apostolides Pierre F. 
Published: June 2023

The inferior colliculus (IC) is a midbrain hub critical for perceiving complex sounds, such as speech. In addition to processing ascending inputs from most auditory brainstem nuclei, the IC receives descending inputs from auditory cortex that control IC neuron feature selectivity, plasticity, and certain forms of perceptual learning. Although corticofugal synapses primarily release the excitatory transmitter glutamate, many physiology studies show that auditory cortical activity has a net inhibitory effect on IC neuron spiking. Perplexingly, anatomy studies imply that corticofugal axons primarily target glutamatergic IC neurons while only sparsely innervating IC GABA neurons. Corticofugal inhibition of the IC may thus occur largely independently of feedforward activation of local GABA neurons. We shed light on this paradox usingin vitroelectrophysiology in acute IC slices from fluorescent reporter mice of either sex. Using optogenetic stimulation of corticofugal axons, we find that excitation evoked with single light flashes is indeed stronger in presumptive glutamatergic neurons compared with GABAergic neurons. However, many IC GABA neurons fire tonically at rest, such that sparse and weak excitation suffices to significantly increase their spike rates. Furthermore, a subset of glutamatergic IC neurons fire spikes during repetitive corticofugal activity, leading to polysynaptic excitation in IC GABA neurons owing to a dense intracollicular connectivity. Consequently, recurrent excitation amplifies corticofugal activity, drives spikes in IC GABA neurons, and generates substantial local inhibition in the IC. Thus, descending signals engage intracollicular inhibitory circuits despite apparent constraints of monosynaptic connectivity between auditory cortex and IC GABA neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDescending “corticofugal” projections are ubiquitous across mammalian sensory systems, and enable the neocortex to control subcortical activity in a predictive or feedback manner. Although corticofugal neurons are glutamatergic, neocortical activity often inhibits subcortical neuron spiking. How does an excitatory pathway generate inhibition? Here we study the corticofugal pathway from auditory cortex to inferior colliculus (IC), a midbrain hub important for complex sound perception. Surprisingly, cortico-collicular transmission was stronger onto IC glutamatergic compared with GABAergic neurons. However, corticofugal activity triggered spikes in IC glutamate neurons with local axons, thereby generating strong polysynaptic excitation and feedforward spiking of GABAergic neurons. Our results thus reveal a novel mechanism that recruits local inhibition despite limited monosynaptic convergence onto inhibitory networks.
Phosphorylation of phase‐separated p62 bodies by ULK1 activates a redox‐independent stress response
Authors: Ikeda Ryo , Noshiro Daisuke , Morishita Hideaki , Takada Shuhei , Kageyama Shun , Fujioka Yuko , Funakoshi Tomoko , Komatsu‐Hirota Satoko , Arai Ritsuko , Ryzhii Elena , Abe Manabu , Koga Tomoaki , Motohashi Hozumi , Nakao Mitsuyoshi , Sakimura Kenji , Horii Arata , Waguri Satoshi , Ichimura Yoshinobu , Noda Nobuo N , Komatsu Masaaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNRF2 is a transcription factor responsible for antioxidant stress responses that is usually regulated in a redox‐dependent manner. p62 bodies formed by liquid–liquid phase separation contain Ser349‐phosphorylated p62, which participates in the redox‐independent activation of NRF2. However, the regulatory mechanism and physiological significance of p62 phosphorylation remain unclear. Here, we identify ULK1 as a kinase responsible for the phosphorylation of p62. ULK1 colocalizes with p62 bodies, directly interacting with p62. ULK1‐dependent phosphorylation of p62 allows KEAP1 to be retained within p62 bodies, thus activating NRF2. p62S351E/+ mice are phosphomimetic knock‐in mice in which Ser351, corresponding to human Ser349, is replaced by Glu. These mice, but not their phosphodefective p62S351A/S351A counterparts, exhibit NRF2 hyperactivation and growth retardation. This retardation is caused by malnutrition and dehydration due to obstruction of the esophagus and forestomach secondary to hyperkeratosis, a phenotype also observed in systemic Keap1‐knockout mice. Our results expand our understanding of the physiological importance of the redox‐independent NRF2 activation pathway and provide new insights into the role of phase separation in this process.
MIRO‐1 interacts with VDAC‐1 to regulate mitochondrial membrane potential in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ren Xuecong , Zhou Hengda , Sun Yujie , Fu Hongying , Ran Yu , Yang Bing , Yang Fan , Bjorklund Mikael , Xu Suhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrecise regulation of mitochondrial fusion and fission is essential for cellular activity and animal development. Imbalances between these processes can lead to fragmentation and loss of normal membrane potential in individual mitochondria. In this study, we show that MIRO‐1 is stochastically elevated in individual fragmented mitochondria and is required for maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential. We further observe a higher level of membrane potential in fragmented mitochondria in fzo‐1 mutants and wounded animals. Moreover, MIRO‐1 interacts with VDAC‐1, a crucial mitochondrial ion channel located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, and this interaction depends on the residues E473 of MIRO‐1 and K163 of VDAC‐1. The E473G point mutation disrupts their interaction, resulting in a reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Our findings suggest that MIRO‐1 regulates membrane potential and maintains mitochondrial activity and animal health by interacting with VDAC‐1. This study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying the stochastic maintenance of membrane potential in fragmented mitochondria.
Conformational change of PlasmodiumTRAP is essential for sporozoite migration and transmission
Authors: Braumann Friedrich , Klug Dennis , Kehrer Jessica , Song Gaojie , Feng Juan , Springer Timothy A , Frischknecht Friedrich 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEukaryotic cell adhesion and migration rely on surface adhesins connecting extracellular ligands to the intracellular actin cytoskeleton. Plasmodium sporozoites are transmitted by mosquitoes and rely on adhesion and gliding motility to colonize the salivary glands and to reach the liver after transmission. During gliding, the essential sporozoite adhesin TRAP engages actin filaments in the cytoplasm of the parasite, while binding ligands on the substrate through its inserted (I) domain. Crystal structures of TRAP from different Plasmodium species reveal the I domain in closed and open conformations. Here, we probe the importance of these two conformational states by generating parasites expressing versions of TRAP with the I domain stabilized in either the open or closed state with disulfide bonds. Strikingly, both mutations impact sporozoite gliding, mosquito salivary gland entry, and transmission. Absence of gliding in sporozoites expressing the open TRAP I domain can be partially rescued by adding a reducing agent. This suggests that dynamic conformational change is required for ligand binding, gliding motility, and organ invasion and hence sporozoite transmission from mosquito to mammal.