bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kebijakan Politik Etis Terhadap Perkembangan Pendidikan di Indonesia
Authors: Novriyanto Yus , Apriyana Shelita Bunga , Komariyah Siti 
Published: July 2023

Pendidikan merupakan program untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia dan mengurangi jumlah buta huruf yang berdampak baik kepada pemerintah Belanda dan rakyat pribumi. Pada masa kolonial Belanda Pendidikan formal sangat susah untuk masyarakat pribumi baik kaum priyayi maupun masyarakat biasa. Setelah menerapkan politik etis pada awal abad 20 dan lambat laun semakin banyak sekolah formal yang didirikan di Hindia Belanda, dampak dari kebijakan etis ini adalah melahirkan para intelektual yang akhirnya akan menyadari bahwa bangsanya sedang dalam kebebasan dan menginginkan perubahan. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat adalah bagaimana awal kebijakan politik etis, bagaimana sistem pendidikan masa kolonial, bagaimana lembaga pendidikan masa kolonial. Dari rumusan masalah yang diangkat, tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana awal kebijakan politik etis, bagaimana sistem Pendidikan masa kolonial dan mengetahui Lembaga Pendidikan pada masa kolonial. Dalam penulisan artikel ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan sumber sekunder seperti buku dan jurnal ilmiah.
Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Politik Etis, Kolonial
PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT FUMIDA JAKARTA
Authors: Nuryadi  , Ummi Kultsum  
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Fumida
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi sebanyak 47 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan sampel jenuh sehingga didapat jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 47 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi berganda.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : (1) Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan variabel pengembangan sumber daya manusia terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Fumida. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu 7.704 > 2.015 dengan nilai probabilitas (signifikansi) = 0.000 yaitu berada di bawah 0.05. (2) Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan variabel motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Fumida. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu 4.601 > 2.015 dengan nilai probabilitas (signifikansi) = 0.000 yaitu berada di bawah 0.05. (3) Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan variabel pengembangan sumber daya manusia dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Fumida Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai Fhitung>Ftabel yaitu 30.831 > 3.21.

Kata kunci: Pengembangan sumber daya manusia, motivasi kerja, dan kinerja.
Novel insights into D-Pinitol based therapies: a link between tau hyperphosphorylation and insulin resistance
Authors: Medina-Vera Dina , López-Gambero Antonio Jesús , Navarro Juan Antonio , Sanjuan Carlos , Baixeras Elena , Decara Juan , de Fonseca Fernando Rodríguez 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the amyloid accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is mainly mediated by the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein. Among the multiple causes of tau hyperphosphorylation, brain insulin resistance has generated much attention, and inositols as insulin sensitizers, are currently considered candidates for drug development. The present narrative review revises the interactions between these three elements: Alzheimer’s disease-tau-inositols, which can eventually identify targets for new disease modifiers capable of bringing hope to the millions of people affected by this devastating disease.
Physiological and pathological functions of circular RNAs in the nervous system
Authors: Zhou Min , Li Shi , Huang Chuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of covalently closed single-stranded RNAs that are expressed during the development of specific cells and tissues. CircRNAs play crucial roles in physiological and pathological processes by sponging microRNAs, modulating gene transcription, controlling the activity of certain RNA-binding proteins, and producing functional peptides. A key focus of research at present is the functionality of circRNAs in the nervous system and several advances have emerged over the last 2 years. However, the precise role of circRNAs in the nervous system has yet to be comprehensively reviewed. In this review, we first summarize the recently described roles of circRNAs in brain development, maturity, and aging. Then, we focus on the involvement of circRNAs in various diseases of the central nervous system, such as brain cancer, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, acute injuries of the nervous system, and neuropathic pain. A better understanding of the functionality of circRNAs will help us to develop potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies to treat diseases of the nervous system.
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in epileptogenesis: an update on abnormal mGluRs signaling and its therapeutic implications
Authors: Huang Leyi , Xiao Wenjie , Wang Yan , Li Juan , Gong Jiaoe , Tu Ewen , Long Lili , Xiao Bo , Yan Xiaoxin , Wan Lily 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by high morbidity, high recurrence, and drug resistance. Enhanced signaling through the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is intricately associated with epilepsy. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G protein-coupled receptors activated by glutamate and are key regulators of neuronal and synaptic plasticity. Dysregulated mGluR signaling has been associated with various neurological disorders, and numerous studies have shown a close relationship between mGluRs expression/activity and the development of epilepsy. In this review, we first introduce the three groups of mGluRs and their associated signaling pathways. Then, we detail how these receptors influence epilepsy by describing the signaling cascades triggered by their activation and their neuroprotective or detrimental roles in epileptogenesis. In addition, strategies for pharmacological manipulation of these receptors during the treatment of epilepsy in experimental studies is also summarized. We hope that this review will provide a foundation for future studies on the development of mGluR-targeted antiepileptic drugs.
Transcriptional regulation in the development and dysfunction of neocortical projection neurons
Authors: Wang Ningxin , Wan Rong , Tang Ke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlutamatergic projection neurons generate sophisticated excitatory circuits to integrate and transmit information among different cortical areas, and between the neocortex and other regions of the brain and spinal cord. Appropriate development of cortical projection neurons is regulated by certain essential events such as neural fate determination, proliferation, specification, differentiation, migration, survival, axonogenesis, and synaptogenesis. These processes are precisely regulated in a tempo-spatial manner by intrinsic factors, extrinsic signals, and neural activities. The generation of correct subtypes and precise connections of projection neurons is imperative not only to support the basic cortical functions (such as sensory information integration, motor coordination, and cognition) but also to prevent the onset and progression of neurodevelopmental disorders (such as intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, anxiety, and depression). This review mainly focuses on the recent progress of transcriptional regulations on the development and diversity of neocortical projection neurons and the clinical relevance of the failure of transcriptional modulations.
Sleep Disturbances as a Potential Risk Factor for Deterioration of Respiratory Function in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Qi , Niu Tongyang , Jia Hongning , Liu Tingting , Xin Zikai , Li Zhiguang , Zhou Xiaomeng , Li Rui , Liu Yaling , Dong Hui 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Sleep disturbances are common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, previous studies have explored sleep quality at the cross-sectional level and the longitudinal variability characteristics are currently unknown. Our study aimed to longitudinally explore the effect of sleep quality on disease progression in patients with ALS.

Methods:
All enrolled patients with ALS were first diagnosed and completed the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Subjective sleep disturbance was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Based on the PSQI score at baseline, patients with ALS were classified as poor sleepers (PSQI >5) and good sleepers (PSQI ≤5). Disease progression was assessed using the rate of disease progression, the absolute change from baseline forced vital capacity (ΔFVC) and the percentage change from baseline FVC (ΔFVC%) over the follow-up period.

Results:
Sixty-three patients were included in the study, 24 (38.1%) were poor sleepers and 39 were good sleepers. The percentage of patients with poor sleep quality was 38.1% at baseline, increasing to 60.3% and 74.6% at 6- and 12-month, respectively. Compared to good sleepers, ΔFVC and ΔFVC% values were greater in poor sleepers (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Poor sleep quality at diagnosis is associated with rapid deterioration of respiratory function during disease progression.

Conclusions:
Sleep disturbances maybe a potential risk factor for deterioration of respiratory function in patients with ALS. The role of sleep disturbances in disease progression deserves attention, and early assessment and intervention may slow disease progression and improve life quality of patients with ALS.
Histopathological response to denosumab in giant cell tumours of bone - A review of 11 cases
Authors: Kumar Rabish , Mallya Varuna , Mandal Shramana , Tomar Reena , Khurana Nita , Maini Lalit 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Giant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone is a locally aggressive primary bone tumor, that can rarely metastasize. Arising mostly in epiphysis of the long bones in young adults, the tumor is composed of mononuclear cells that are admixed with osteoclastic giant cells(OLGCs), which express RANK ligand and RANK respectively. Denosumab a monoclonal antibody against RANK ligand has been shown to reduce the tumor by causing bone lysis by inhibiting RANKL. Histological changes in 11 patients of GCT who were treated with denosumab are presented here.

Materials and Methods:
Clinical records and slides of 11 patients of GCT who had been administered neoadjuvant denosumab were included in the study. Evaluation of pre and post therapy GCT specimens was performed by two pathologists (RK and VM). There were 4 males and 7 females. Their mean age was 30 years. All the patients received 120 mg denosumab subcutaneously every week with additional 120 mg on days 8 and 15 of therapy. The histological slides were reviewed and following points noted: 1) degree of ossification,2) fibrosis,3) loss of osteoclastic giant cells,4) proliferation of mononuclear cells,5) atypia,6) Permeation of osteoid by malignant cells.

Results:
Out of 11 cases, 2 cases did not show any significant histological improvement. 7 cases showed reduction in giant cells, increased fibrosis, enhanced mononuclear cell proliferation and ossification consistent with a pathological response. Atypia and osteoid permeation were noted in 2 cases which showed transformation to osteosarcoma.

Conclusion:
Denosumab treated giant cell tumor show dramatic histological changes. The post therapy lesions may bear no resemblance to pretherapy lesion. There may be complete resolution or may be confused with benign or malignant lesions Rarely they may show sarcomatous transformation. It is imperative that the pathologist is aware of these changes to prevent diagnostic pitfalls as it poses therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Advanced penile lymphoma: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Arambulo Stella , Calle Ana , Vela Jose Manuel , Sotelo Miguel Jhonatan 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Primary penile lymphomas are extremely rare. They are aggressive neoplasms that can present as double-or triple-hit lymphomas, and because the associate with a high risk of central nervous system dissemination, treatment consists of high-dose chemotherapy regimens plus intrathecal prophylaxis. Pathology can be confused with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis, leading to inappropriate treatments and unnecessary amputations. We report the case of a patient diagnosed with clinical Stage IV penile non-Hodgkin lymphoma that was treated with a complete and durable response. In addition, we review the available literature on penile lymphoma.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary care physicians for pretravel counseling for type 2 diabetes patients in Jazan Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhumsi Ibrahim M. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
Pretravel advice given by the primary healthcare (PHC) physicians is of vital importance to diabetic patients to maintain their glycemic status during their travel as many of them are not aware of the risks of travel on their health status. Our objective was to assess the status of pretravel counseling for type 2 diabetic patients (knowledge, attitude, and practice) in Jazan Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) among the PHC physicians.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out among a sample of PHC physicians working at the PHC centers in Jazan Region, KSA. The data were collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire.

Results:
The study included 250 PHC physicians. The age of 45.2% of them ranged between 30 and 39 years, and males represented 56.2% of them. Overall, the knowledge score ranged between 0 and 10 with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 6 (5–7). Physicians aged 40–49 years (P < 0.001), non-Saudis (P = 0.005), and more experienced physicians (>15 years) (P < 0.001) were more knowledgeable than their counterparts. The attitude score ranged between 6 and 30 with a median (IQR) of 25 (22–27). Saudi physicians were more likely than non-Saudis to have more positive attitude toward pretravel counseling for diabetic patients (P = 0.007). The practice score ranged between 1 and 13 with a median (IQR) of 6 (5–8).

Conclusion:
The PHC physicians in Jazan Region, KSA, had a moderate level of knowledge and practice as well as encouraging attitude concerning pretravel counseling for type 2 diabetic patients. However, their knowledge and attitude from one side were not associated with their practice from the other side.
Health system factors related to COVID-19 mortality in Eastern India: Hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sahu Dinesh Prasad , Singh Arvind Kumar , Mishra Baijayantimala , Behera Bijayini , Patro Binod Kumar , Kunjanpillai Jawahar Sreevihar , Nair Jyolsna , Panigrahi Manoj Kumar , Mohanty Manoj Kumar , Behera Priyamadhaba , Mohapatra Prasanta Raghav , Barik Sadananda , Mohanty Sachidanand , Sahu Subhakanta , Singh Sudipta Ranjan , Tripathy Swagata 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has left footprints across all ages and socio-economic strata. The deaths because of COVID-19 are usually multi-factorial. The study aimed to assess the health system factors related to COVID-19-related deaths.

Materials and Methods:
A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of eastern India. A total of 272 COVID-19 deaths that occurred between April and November 2020 were investigated. Data were extracted from Medical Record Department, and telephonic interviews were conducted to assess the different delays related to death. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Travel time, travel distance, delay in testing, and delay in receiving quality care were presented as median with inter-quartile range.

Results:
Complete information could be collected from 243 COVID deaths of the 272 deaths (89.3%). The duration of hospital stay was 1–7 days for 42% of the deceased. The median travel time was 120 min, and the median distance travelled was 60 km. The median time to receive first attention of health care workers was 10 minutes. There was hardly any delay in reporting of test results, whereas the median time from symptoms to test and the median time from symptoms to admission were 4 days each.

Conclusion:
Health system factors related to death of COVID-19 need to be addressed to avoid the avoidable deaths during the pandemic situation. The resilience of the health system can be helpful in reducing death toll in a low-resource country like India.
Impact of educational intervention in promoting KAP of food label information to make healthier food choices among adolescents in Bangalore City
Authors: Sindhu S , Madaiah Madhusudan 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Increasing adolescent obesity, a reason for the onset of adult chronic diseases, has become an important public health priority. Food choices are impacted by the growing availability of processed and pre-packaged meals, the rise in eating out compared to eating at home, low nutrition literacy, and the inability to evaluate calorie and nutrient information.

Objective:
The objective is to assess the current knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the adolescents regarding food label information to make healthier food choices, to improve their KAP regarding the same through health education using pictorial representation, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the health education.

Materials and Methods:
An educational intervention study was performed among 200 adolescent students (13–15 years) in selected schools in Bangalore city. Health education was given using materials like charts, models, and posters in an interactive way. Pre-KAP and post-KAP were assessed using questionnaires.

Results:
The study comprised 145 (72.5%) girls and 55 (27.5%) boys with the mean age of 14.02 years. Only 102 (51%) were having knowledge that food labels must be read irrespective of health issues or disease. Only 81 (40.5%) calculated the total nutrient intake before taking food items before intervention, which was increased to 147 (73.5%) post intervention.

Conclusion:
The results of the present study successfully proved that nutritional educational intervention by pictorial representation was feasible and successfully improved the understanding and use of food label information for making healthier food choices among adolescents.
Association of depression with disease duration, quality of life and adherence in Parkinson’s disease: A cross sectional study
Authors: Samanta Subhash , Bisht Manisha , Kanimozhi M , Kumar Niraj , Handu Shailendra S. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive motor disorder often accompanied by non-motor symptoms such as depression.

Objectives:
The objective was to estimate the prevalence of depression in PD patients, and assess its association with disease duration, quality of life and adherence to treatment.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care centre for patients diagnosed with PD. Depression was diagnosed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. The Chi-square test was used to assess the difference in proportions of depression in various types and severity of PD. Depression was also correlated with disease duration, quality of life (QOL) and adherence to treatment using the Pearson correlation test. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Among 51 patients, 20 (39.22%) patients were found to have depression. The mean duration of disease in depressed patients was significantly longer compared to that in non-depressed patients (7.99 ± 4.53 vs. 3.62 ± 2.23, P < 0.001), respectively. The non-depressed patients were better adherent to treatment (1.71 ± 1.5 vs. 0.56 ± 0.91). The quality of life of patients was significantly low for depressed patients (21.90 ± 6.91 vs. 13.16 ± 6.93, P < 0.001). Depression in Parkinson’s patients was positively correlated with the duration of the disease (P-value <0.001); disease staging (P-value <0.001). Quality of life (QOL) had a strong correlation with depression (P-value <0.001) and Hoehn and Yahr (HY) staging (P-value <0.05).

Conclusion:
Depression was found in 39.22% of PD patients and was more significantly associated with disease duration, non-adherence to treatment and decreased quality of life.
The effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with or without platelet rich plasma on the healing of mandibular bony defects in rabbits
Authors: Ibrahim Maha H. , Afifi Omaima H. , Ghoneim Shoukria M. , Youssef Doaa A. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
This experimental study was designed to evaluate the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) alone or in combination with platelet rich plasma (PRP) on the healing of experimentally created critical-size bony defects in the rabbit's mandible histologically, immunohistochemically using matrix metalloproteinase-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies and histomorphometrically.

Materials and methods
Sixteen rabbits were included in the study, where three identical critical-size circular bony defects, two in the right side and one in the left side of the mandible of each rabbit, were created; group I: comprises 16 intraosseous defects (the mesial defect in the right side of the mandible of each rabbit) with no filler, group II: comprises 16 intraosseous defects (the distal defect in the right side of the mandible of each rabbit) filled with TiO2NPs powder mixed with saline, group III: comprises 16 intraosseous defects (the defect in the left side of the mandible of each rabbit) filled with TiO2NPs powder mixed with PRP. Samples were collected from the surgical sites of the experimental defects at 2 and 6 weeks.

Results
Histologically and histomorphometrically: the amount of newly formed bone was superior and significant in group III when compared with group II and group I at 2 and 6 weeks interval. Immunohistochemically group III showed superior and statistically significant increase in the vascular endothelial growth factor expression levels and matrix metalloproteinase-9 immunolabeling when compared with group II and group I.

Conclusion
TiO2NPs can be considered a promising material for bone regeneration alone or when combined with PRP.