bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Did the Preliminary Objections Judgment Resolve the Chagos Archipelago Sovereignty Dispute?
Authors: Wang Peng 
Published: February 2023

Noticing the conclusion of the Preliminary Objections Judgment in the case of Mauritius vs. Maldives Maritime Delimitation, this paper asks whether the Special Chamber’s decision has resolved the sovereignty dispute over the Chagos Archipelago. It re-examines the conclusion that the continued claim of the United Kingdom to sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago is a mere assertion and the UK has no legal interest in it. This paper argues that the legal system has a self-reproducing nature by which the Special Chamber regenerates decisions already established in the legal system as the distinction between lawful and unlawful is the most fundamental determination of this system. In this sense, the confirmation of the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice by the Special Chamber should be regarded as a consequence of its subjectivity and the fact that it almost distinguishes the legal system from other systems outside the law. From a perspective outside the legal system, the claim of courts that its role of “dispute settlement” is more like “case settlement”, since courts are resolving disputes after legalization, not the disputes themselves. The de facto settlement of disputes should be based on the elimination of the interests or claims of the disputing parties. In this sense, dispute settlement depends on how the legal and political systems work together in a coupling relationship.
Repairing Play
Authors: Trammell Aaron 
Published: February 2023

A provocative study that reconsiders our notion of play—and how its deceptively wholesome image has harmed and erased people of color.
Contemporary theorists present play as something wholly constructive and positive. But this broken definition is drawn from a White European philosophical tradition that ignores the fact that play can, and often does, hurt. In fact, this narrow understanding of play has been complicit in the systemic erasure of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) from the domain of leisure. In this book, Aaron Trammell proposes a corrective: a radical reconsideration of play that expands its definition to include BIPOC suffering, subjugation, and taboo topics such as torture. As he challenges and decolonizes White European thought, Trammell maps possible ways to reconcile existing theories with the fact that play is often hurtful and toxic.
Trammell upends current notions by exploring play's function as a tool in the subjugation of BIPOC. As he shows, the phenomenology of play is a power relationship. Even in innocent play, human beings subtly discipline each other to remain within unspoken rules. Going further, Trammell departs from mainstream theory to insist that torture can be play. Approaching it as such reveals play's role in subjugating people in general and renders visible the long-ignored experiences of BIPOC. Such an inclusive definition of play becomes a form of intellectual reparation, correcting the notion that play must give pleasure while also recasting play in a form that focuses on the deep, painful, and sometimes traumatic depths of living.
Bioinformatic prediction of the molecular links between Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Castillo-Velázquez Ricardo , Martínez-Morales Flavio , Castañeda-Delgado Julio E. , García-Hernández Mariana H. , Herrera-Mayorga Verónica , Paredes-Sánchez Francisco A. , Rivera Gildardo , Rivas-Santiago Bruno , Lara-Ramírez Edgar E. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are chronic degenerative diseases with complex molecular processes that are potentially interconnected. The aim of this work was to predict the potential molecular links between AD and DM2 from different sources of biological information.

Materials and Methods
In this work, data mining of nine databases (DisGeNET, Ensembl, OMIM, Protein Data Bank, The Human Protein Atlas, UniProt, Gene Expression Omnibus, Human Cell Atlas, and PubMed) was performed to identify gene and protein information that was shared in AD and DM2. Next, the information was mapped to human protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks based on experimental data using the STRING web platform. Then, gene ontology biological process (GOBP) and pathway analyses with EnrichR showed its specific and shared biological process and pathway deregulations. Finally, potential biomarkers and drug targets were predicted with the Metascape platform.

Results
A total of 1,551 genes shared in AD and DM2 were identified. The highest average degree of nodes within the PPI was for DM2 (average = 2.97), followed by AD (average degree = 2.35). GOBP for AD was related to specific transcriptional and translation genetic terms occurring in neurons cells. The GOBP and pathway information for the association AD-DM2 were linked mainly to bioenergetics and cytokine signaling. Within the AD-DM2 association, 10 hub proteins were identified, seven of which were predicted to be present in plasma and exhibit pharmacological interaction with monoclonal antibodies in use, anticancer drugs, and flavonoid derivatives.

Conclusion
Our data mining and analysis strategy showed that there are a plenty of biological information based on experiments that links AD and DM2, which could provide a rational guide to design further diagnosis and treatment for AD and DM2.
The imbalance of liver resident macrophages polarization promotes chronic autoimmune hepatitis development in mice
Authors: Chi Gang , Pei Jinhong , Li Xueqing 
Published: February 2023

Background
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory liver disease. At present, it is largely unknown how the innate immune cells influence AIH development.

Objective
To inquiry about mechanism of liver resident macrophages in AIH development, thus offering a new direction for AIH targeted treatment.

Methods
The liver resident macrophages were eliminated by clodronate liposomes in AIH liver tissues, followed by HE and Picrosirius assay to detect liver fibrosis and lymphocyte infiltration. The liver resident macrophages polarization was detected by Immunohistochemistry and qPCR. The collagenase digestion was used to isolate Kupffer cells from AIH mice liver tissues and pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined by qPCR.

Results
M2 macrophages were the dominant phenotype at early immune response stage and hepatic inflammation was progressively aggravated after depletion of liver resident macrophages. M2 macrophages could effectively delay the development of AIH and could be polarized to M1 macrophages at the disease progresses. TLR2 ligands could promote M2 macrophages producing anti-inflammatory cytokines, whereas TLR4 ligands could promote M1 macrophages producing proinflammatory cytokines. The change of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands could lead to continuous high expression of TLR4 and decreased expression of TLR2 in macrophages to further affect liver resident macrophages polarization state.

Conclusion
TLR2 and TLR4 ligands mediated liver resident macrophages polarization to favor chronic autoimmune hepatitis development.
Brand Valuation: Recognizing the brands as strategical assets in the balance sheet of the companies
Authors: Araujo Francisco Clairton , Lucas Fernando José Ferreira , Yanaze Mitsuru Higuchi 
Published: February 2023

The brand continues representing an important and strategic asset for companies. After adoptation of norms (IFRS/FASB), the brand was approved to be recognized as intangible assets in the balance sheet of the companies. The purpose of this paper was investigating how the big multinationals companies recognized the brand valuation in the financial statements and respective consequences. This paper discusses about several aspects involving the brand valuation process and relationship with EMH Theory focusing to have more communication and transparency with stakeholders. The results showed that all companies recognized substantial intangible assets in the balance sheet, but only Google, Coca-Cola, Samsung and Facebook recognized trademarks, although it is more associated with intellectual properties, copyrights and not exactly brands. Amazon and Microsoft bought several companies in 2018, but the brands were not duly recognized or disclosure in the financial statements.
Clutch size, incubation and nestling periods, and age estimation of nestling Red-tailed Black Cockatoos Calyptorhynchus banksii escondidus in the Western Australian wheatbelt
Authors: Saunders Denis A , Cunningham Ross B 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The breeding ecology of the Red-tailed Black Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksii escondidus was studied in the northern wheatbelt of Western Australia from the austral spring of 1974 to the end of 1981. The usual clutch was one egg, but 8 of 465 clutches were of two eggs, none of which produced two fledglings. The incubation period was 29 days, similar to that of other species of black cockatoo with similar body mass. The nestling period was 80-84 days, nearly 17% longer than the similarly-sized Carnaby's Cockatoo C. latirostris. The ages of nestling Red-tailed Black Cockatoos may be estimated by comparison with photographs taken of nestlings of known age or estimated more precisely from the length of the nestling's folded wing. Aging nestlings enables the calculation of laying and hatching dates.
CeO2‐Nanorods‐Catalyzed Protoboration of Alkenes and Alkynes with Bis(pinacolato)diboron
Authors: Bhawar Ramesh , Saini Suresh , Nagaraju D. H. , Bose Shubhankar Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe protoboration of alkenes and alkynes with B2pin2 (pin=OCMe2CMe2O) using a heterogeneous CeO2 nanorods catalyst has been developed to afford the corresponding alkyl and vinyl boronate esters in 41–99% yield under mild reaction conditions. A series of aromatic and aliphatic alkenes and alkynes with synthetically important functional groups were well tolerated. In both the systems, the catalyst could be reused for up to six runs without significant loss in activity. Stoichiometric reactions revealed that the protoboration may proceed through the in situ formed catalytically active boryl species.magnified image
Maximizing Electric Power through Spectral‐Splitting Photovoltaic‐Thermoelectric Hybrid System Integrated with Radiative Cooling
Authors: Guo Jiangfeng , Huai Xiulan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs zero‐emission technologies, a daytime radiative cooling (RC) strategy developed recently, and photovoltaic (PV) and thermoelectric (TE) technologies have aroused great interest to reduce fossil fuel consumption and carbon emissions. How to integrate these state‐of‐the‐art technologies to maximise clean electricity from the sun and space remains a huge challenge, and the limit efficiency is still unclear. In this study, a spectral‐splitting PV‐TE hybrid system integrated with RC is proposed to maximise clean electricity from the sun and space without any emissions. For the sun acting as a typical constant heat‐flux heat source, the current thermoelectric theory overestimates the thermoelectric efficiency highly since the theory is based on constant temperature‐difference conditions. A new theory based on heat‐flux conditions is employed to achieve maximum thermoelectric efficiency. The PV‐TE hybrid system with RC is superior to the conventional hybrid system, not only in terms of higher efficiency but also in its 24‐h operation capacity. In a system with a single‐junction cell, the total efficiency with 30 suns (39.4%) is higher than the theoretical PV efficiency at 500 suns (38.2%). In a hybrid system with four‐junction cells, total efficiency is over 65% which is superior to most current photoelectric and thermal power systems.
Thermochromic Halide Perovskite Windows with Ideal Transition Temperatures
Authors: Rosales Bryan A. , Kim Janghyun , Wheeler Vincent M. , Crowe Laura E. , Prince Kevin J. , Mirzokarimov Mirzo , Daligault Tom , Duell Adam , Wolden Colin A. , Schelhas Laura T. , Wheeler Lance M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUrban centers across the globe are responsible for a significant fraction of energy consumption and CO2 emission. As urban centers continue to grow, the popularity of glass as cladding material in urban buildings is an alarming trend. Dynamic windows reduce heating and cooling loads in buildings by passive heating in cold seasons and mitigating solar heat gain in hot seasons. Here, reduced energy consumption in highly glazed buildings in a mesoscopic building energy model is demonstrated when thermochromic windows are employed. Savings are realized across eight disparate climate zones of the United States. The model is used to determine ideal critical transition temperatures of 20–27.5 °C for thermochromic windows based on metal halide perovskite materials. Ideal transition temperatures are realized experimentally in composite metal halide perovskite films composed of perovskite crystals and an adjacent reservoir phase. The transition temperature is controlled by cointercalating methanol, instead of water, with methylammonium iodide and tailoring the hydrogen‐bonding chemistry of the reservoir phase. Thermochromic windows based on metal halide perovskites represent a clear opportunity to mitigate the effects of energy‐hungry buildings.
The protective effect of SNAP during economic downturns: Evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Restrepo Brandon J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper estimates the intra‐pandemic effects of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation on the risk of food insecurity over a period when the majority of SNAP beneficiaries received emergency allotments. Within‐person estimations using longitudinal data from the 2019–2020 National Health Interview Survey reveal that, relative to income‐eligible SNAP nonparticipants, the likelihood of food insecurity was 37% lower over August–December 2020 among SNAP participants. A heterogeneity analysis indicates that this was mainly driven by higher income SNAP participants who received larger SNAP benefits through movements from below the maximum benefit for their household size to the maximum. Indeed, compared to income‐eligible SNAP nonparticipants, the risk of food insecurity was 78% (6%) lower over August–December 2020 among SNAP participants with above‐median (below‐median) family income to poverty ratios.
Disparities in job characteristics by race and sex in a Southern aluminum smelting facility
Authors: McClure Elizabeth S. , Robinson Whitney R. , Vasudevan Pavithra , Cullen Mark R. , Marshall Stephen W. , Noth Elizabeth , Richardson David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundFormer workers at a Southern aluminum smelting facility raised concerns that the most hazardous jobs were assigned to Black workers, but the role of workplace segregation had not been quantified or examined in the company town. Prior studies discuss race and gender disparities in working conditions, but few have documented them in the aluminum industry.MethodsWe obtained workers' company records for 1985–2007 and characterized four job metrics: prestige (sociologic rankings), worker‐defined danger (worker assessments), annual wage (1985 dollars), and estimated total particulate matter (TPM) exposure (job exposure matrix). Characteristics of job at hire and trajectories were compared by race and sex using linear binomial models.ResultsNon‐White males had the highest percentage of workers in low prestige and high danger jobs at hire and up to 20 years after. After 20 years tenure, 100% of White workers were in higher prestige and lower danger jobs. Most female workers, regardless of race, entered and remained in low‐wage jobs, while 50% of all male workers maintained their initial higher‐wage jobs. Non‐White females had the highest prevalence of workers in low‐wage jobs at hire and after 20 years—increasing from 63% (95% CI: 59–67) to 100% (95% CI: 78–100). All female workers were less likely to be in high TPM exposure jobs. Non‐White males were most likely to be hired into high TPM exposure jobs, and this exposure prevalence increased as time accrued, while staying constant for other race–sex groups.ConclusionsThere is evidence of job segregation by race and sex in this cohort of aluminum smelting workers. Documentation of disparities in occupational hazards is important for informing health interventions and research.
Disaggregating the dementia monolith: An analysis of variation in Medicare costs and use by dementia subtype
Authors: Parasrampuria Sonal , Bijelic Elvedin , Bott David M. , Driessen Julia , Lipp Michael J. , Ling Shari M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIMPORTANCEWith an aging population, it is necessary to systematically examine variation in costs and use of Medicare services by dementia subtype. We provide the first national estimates for dementia by subtype, and the respective Medicare costs and use.METHODSWe analyzed Medicare fee‐for‐service (FFS) claims from 2017 through 2019. The sample included 41 million beneficiaries: 727,700 beneficiaries with a new dementia diagnosis in 2017. We calculated descriptive statistics and conducted generalized linear regression models by subtype of dementia.RESULTSAnnual Medicare costs for beneficiaries with dementia ranged from $22,840 for frontotemporal dementia to $44,896 for vascular dementia compared to $9,034 for beneficiaries without dementia. Comparing beneficiaries across dementia subtypes, the greatest differences were in the use of home health and hospice care.CONCLUSIONSThese analyses demonstrate substantial heterogeneity across dementia subtypes, which will be important in developing models of care that improve value for people with dementia.
Frustration in Super‐Ionic Conductors Unraveled by the Density of Atomistic States
Authors: Wang Shuo , Liu Yunsheng , Mo Yifei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe frustration in super‐ionic conductors enables their exceptionally high ionic conductivities, which are desired for many technological applications including batteries and fuel cells. A key challenge in the study of frustration is the difficulties in analyzing a large number of disordered atomistic configurations. Using lithium super‐ionic conductors as model systems, we propose and demonstrate the density of atomistic states (DOAS) analytics to quantitatively characterize the onset and degree of disordering, reveal the energetics of local disorder, and elucidate how the frustration enhances diffusion through the broadening and overlapping of the energy levels of atomistic states. Furthermore, material design strategies aided by the DOAS are devised and demonstrated for new super‐ionic conductors. The DOAS is generally applicable analytics for unraveling fundamental mechanisms in complex atomistic systems and guiding material design.
Das COVID19‐NMR‐Konsortium: Ein öffentlicher Bericht über den Einfluss dieser neuen globalen Kollaboration
Authors: Duchardt‐Ferner Elke , Ferner Jan , Fürtig Boris , Hengesbach Martin , Richter Christian , Schlundt Andreas , Sreeramulu Sridhar , Wacker Anna , Weigand Julia E. , Wirmer‐Bartoschek Julia , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDer Ausbruch von COVID‐19 im Dezember 2019 erforderte eine Koordination wissenschaftlicher Beiträge zum Verständnis und zur Bekämpfung des Virus und führte so zur Bildung internationaler Forschungskonsortien. In diesem Viewpoint Article erläutern wir, wie sich die NMR‐Community versammelt hat, um sowohl das Genom als auch das Proteom von SARS‐CoV‐2 strukturell zu untersuchen und für beide die Bindung an niedermolekulare Verbindungen zu testen. Externe Faktoren, einschließlich längerfristiger Lockdowns aufgrund der Pandemie, begünstigten den Übergang von lokaler, auf einzelne Forschungsgruppen ausgerichteter Verbundforschung hin zu hochkoordinierter Forschung mit über 50 Gruppen aus 18 Ländern, die durch digitale Austauschformate unmittelbar gemeinsam Daten analysierten und unveröffentlichte Ergebnisse diskutierten und darüber hinaus Proben untereinander teilten. Wir diskutieren hier einige wichtige Lehren, die nach dem Ende der Pandemie gezogen werden sollten, und Herausforderungen, die es anzugehen gilt.
pH‐getriggerte Rückgewinnung von photokatalytischen Partikeln aus organischen Polymeren zur Herstellung hochwertiger Verbindungen und verbesserter Recyclingfähigkeit
Authors: Li Rong , Heuer Julian , Kuckhoff Thomas , Landfester Katharina , Ferguson Calum T. J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPseudohomogene polymere Photokatalysatoren sind eine neue Klasse hocheffizienter und einstellbarer photokatalytischer Materialien, bei denen die photokatalytischen Zentren leicht zugänglich sind. Die Schaffung hocheffizienter photokatalytischer Materialien, die schnell abgetrennt und zurückgewonnen werden können, ist eine der entscheidenden Herausforderungen in der photokatalytischen Chemie. Hier beschreiben wir auf den pH‐Wert reagierende photokatalytische Nanopartikel, die unter sauren Bedingungen aktiv und gut dispergiert sind, aber bei Erhöhung des pH‐Werts sofort aggregieren und so eine einfache Rückgewinnung ermöglichen. Diese auf den pH‐Wert reagierenden photokatalytischen Polymere können für verschiedene photokatalytische Umwandlungen verwendet werden, darunter die Reduktion von CrVI und die Photoredoxalkylierung von Indolderivaten. Insbesondere beschleunigt die kationische Natur des Photokatalysators die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit eines anionischen Substrats im Vergleich zu ungeladenen Spezies. Diese photokatalytischen Partikel können leicht recycelt werden und ermöglichen mehrere aufeinanderfolgende photokatalytische Reaktionen ohne deutlichen Aktivitätsverlust.
The COVID19‐NMR Consortium: A Public Report on the Impact of this New Global Collaboration
Authors: Duchardt‐Ferner Elke , Ferner Jan , Fürtig Boris , Hengesbach Martin , Richter Christian , Schlundt Andreas , Sreeramulu Sridhar , Wacker Anna , Weigand Julia E. , Wirmer‐Bartoschek Julia , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID‐19 in December 2019 required the formation of international consortia for a coordinated scientific effort to understand and combat the virus. In this Viewpoint Article, we discuss how the NMR community has gathered to investigate the genome and proteome of SARS‐CoV‐2 and tested them for binding to low‐molecular‐weight binders. External factors including extended lockdowns due to the global pandemic character of the viral infection triggered the transition from locally focused collaborative research conducted within individual research groups to digital exchange formats for immediate discussion of unpublished results and data analysis, sample sharing, and coordinated research between more than 50 groups from 18 countries simultaneously. We discuss key lessons that might pertain after the end of the pandemic and challenges that we need to address.
New Oxyhalide Solid Electrolytes with High Lithium Ionic Conductivity >10 mS cm−1for All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiaki , Ueno Koki , Mizuno Keita , Takeuchi Kaori , Asano Tetsuya , Sakai Akihiro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) with inorganic solid electrolytes (SEs) have attracted significant interest as next‐generation energy storage. Halides such as Li3YCl6are promising candidates for SE because they combine high oxidation stability and deformability. However, the ionic conductivities of halide SEs are not as high as those of other SEs, especially sulfides. Here, we discover new lithium‐metal‐oxy‐halide materials, LiMOCl4(M=Nb, Ta). They exhibit extremely high ionic conductivities of 10.4 mS cm−1forM=Nb and 12.4 mS cm−1forM=Ta, respectively, even in cold‐pressed powder forms at room temperature, which are comparable to or surpass those of organic liquid electrolytes used in lithium‐ion batteries. Bulk‐type ASSB cells using the oxyhalides as the cathode SE demonstrate an outstanding rate capability with a capacity retention of 80 % at 5 C/0.1 C. We believe that the proposed oxyhalides are promising SE candidates for the practical applications of ASSBs.