bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Climatology of the Daytime Surface Cooling of Urban Parks Using Satellite Observations
Authors: Agathangelidis Ilias , Blougouras Georgios , Cartalis Constantinos , Polydoros Anastasios , Tzanis Chris G. , Philippopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGreen infrastructure‐based heat mitigation strategies can help alleviate the overheating burden on urban residents. While the cooling effect of parks has been explored in individual satellite‐based studies, a global, multi‐year investigation has been lacking. This study provides a comprehensive global assessment of the daytime surface park cool island (SPCI) climatology, using land surface temperatures from 2,083 systematically selected parks worldwide (2013–2022). Through detailed park selection and data stratification, the key drivers influencing the observed SPCI intensity are isolated. The analysis reveals that cooling is strongly linked to park type, with well‐treed parks being, on average, 3.4°C, cooler than the surrounding urban area during summer. It is further investigated how SPCI is influenced by seasonal variations, droughts, and urban morphology across diverse background climates. These findings, along with the developed global SPCI data set, offer critical insights for designing climate‐resilient green spaces.
Agile Detection of DRM Signal via GLRT
Authors: Dan Yangpeng , Wang Luyao , Duan Chaofan , Yang Fan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDigital Radio Mondiale (DRM) is a digital Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) broadcasting standard that has been employed all over the world. The operating carrier frequency and time of DRM station change with the scheduling period. The user terminal commonly uses channel decoding and audio decoding to detect the DRM radio. This conventional signal detection method always fail when the station is not working, or the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) is weak, or the designated frequency band is illegally occupied. Besides, the conventional method needs at least one DRM transmission super frame with a duration of 1.2 s, which causes delay and brings additional computations. To solve the challenges faced by conventional method, this paper has proposed an agile and efficient signal detection method based on the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test. The proposed method coherently integrates the frequency pilots of successive OFDM symbols via discrete Fourier transform, then propose a sufficient statistic to detect the DRM radio. The required number of OFDM symbols, which is much smaller than that of one transmission super frame, is adaptively chosen from the given probabilities of false alarm and correct detection. The computations and SNR requirement of the proposed method are both smaller than the conventional method, which help the user terminal quickly detect the DRM signal over the given frequency band. The proposed method also provides a new perspective for electromagnetic spectrum management.
Widespread occurrence and relevance of phosphate storage in foraminifera
Authors: Glock Nicolaas , Richirt Julien , Woehle Christian , Algar Christopher , Armstrong Maria , Eichner Daniela , Firrincieli Hanna , Makabe Akiko , Govindankutty Menon Anjaly , Ishitani Yoshiyuki , Hackl Thomas , Hubert-Huard Raphaël , Kienast Markus , Milker Yvonne , Mutzberg André , Ni Sha , Okada Satoshi , Rakshit Subhadeep , Schmiedl Gerhard , Steiner Zvi , Tame Akihiro , Zhang Zhouling , Nomaki Hidetaka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Foraminifera are ubiquitous marine protists that intracellularly accumulate phosphate1, an important macronutrient in marine ecosystems and in fertilizer potentially leaked into the ocean. Intracellular phosphate concentrations can be 100–1,000 times higher than in the surrounding water1. Here we show that phosphate storage in foraminifera is widespread, from tidal flats to the deep sea. The total amount of intracellular phosphate stored in the benthic foraminifer Ammonia confertitesta in the Wadden Sea during a bloom is as high as around 5% of the annual consumption of phosphorus (P) fertilizer in Germany. Budget calculations for the Southern North Sea and the Peruvian Oxygen Minimum Zone indicate that benthic foraminifera may buffer riverine P runoff for approximately 37 days at the Southern North Sea and for about 21 days at the Peruvian margin. This indicates that these organisms are probably relevant for marine P cycling—they potentially buffer anthropogenic eutrophication in coastal environments. Phosphate is stored as polyphosphate in cell organelles that are potentially acidocalcisomes. Their metabolic functions can range from regulation of osmotic pressure and intracellular pH to calcium and energy storage. In addition, storage of energetic P compounds, such as creatine phosphate and polyphosphate, is probably an adaptation of foraminifera to O2 depletion.
The design space of E(3)-equivariant atom-centred interatomic potentials
Authors: Batatia Ilyes , Batzner Simon , Kovács Dávid Péter , Musaelian Albert , Simm Gregor N. C. , Drautz Ralf , Ortner Christoph , Kozinsky Boris , Csányi Gábor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulation is an important tool in computational materials science and chemistry, and in the past decade it has been revolutionized by machine learning. This rapid progress in machine learning interatomic potentials has produced a number of new architectures in just the past few years. Particularly notable among these are the atomic cluster expansion, which unified many of the earlier ideas around atom-density-based descriptors, and Neural Equivariant Interatomic Potentials (NequIP), a message-passing neural network with equivariant features that exhibited state-of-the-art accuracy at the time. Here we construct a mathematical framework that unifies these models: atomic cluster expansion is extended and recast as one layer of a multi-layer architecture, while the linearized version of NequIP is understood as a particular sparsification of a much larger polynomial model. Our framework also provides a practical tool for systematically probing different choices in this unified design space. An ablation study of NequIP, via a set of experiments looking at in- and out-of-domain accuracy and smooth extrapolation very far from the training data, sheds some light on which design choices are critical to achieving high accuracy. A much-simplified version of NequIP, which we call BOTnet (for body-ordered tensor network), has an interpretable architecture and maintains its accuracy on benchmark datasets.
Battery lifetime prediction across diverse ageing conditions with inter-cell deep learning
Authors: Zhang Han , Li Yuqi , Zheng Shun , Lu Ziheng , Gui Xiaofan , Xu Wei , Bian Jiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accurately predicting battery lifetime in early cycles holds tremendous value in real-world applications. However, this task poses significant challenges due to diverse factors influencing complex battery capacity degradation, such as cycling protocols, ambient temperatures and electrode materials. Moreover, cycling under specific conditions is both resource-intensive and time-consuming. Existing predictive models, primarily developed and validated within a restricted set of ageing conditions, thus raise doubts regarding their extensive applicability. Here we introduce BatLiNet, a deep learning framework tailored to predict battery lifetime reliably across a variety of ageing conditions. The distinctive design is integrating an inter-cell learning mechanism to predict the lifetime differences between two battery cells. This mechanism, when combined with conventional single-cell learning, enhances the stability of lifetime predictions for a target cell under varied ageing conditions. Our experimental results, derived from a broad spectrum of ageing conditions, demonstrate BatLiNet’s superior accuracy and robustness compared to existing models. BatLiNet also exhibits transferring capabilities across different battery chemistries, benefitting scenarios with limited resources. We expect this study could promote exploration of cross-cell insights and facilitate battery research across comprehensive ageing factors.
Novel cylindrical representation of the STFT for signal analysis
Authors: Gonzalez‐Villagomez Jacob , Gonzalez‐Villagomez Esau , Mayer Rene J. R. , Rodriguez‐Donate Carlos , Xing Kanglin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe proposal of new signal representation techniques in time‐frequency domain can improve the visualization and acquisition of frequency components in various applications. In this sense, this article presents a novel and different representation of the short‐time Fourier transform (STFT) spectrogram for signal analysis, based on changing the visualization from a linear to a cylindrical representation by means of a linear transformation. Simulations show that this new representation focuses on the accuracy of the frequency components rather according to the angular position in which they occur; on the other hand it is easier to analyze high‐frequency components than those of low frequency. Finally, it is visually easier to identify fixed components along the test in this representation in a wide window STFT analysis.
Transparent dual‐band wide‐angle polarization‐insensitive single‐layer frequency selective surface for mm‐wave 5G communication systems
Authors: Hong Young‐Pyo , Chung Sung‐il , Kim Pan Kyeom , Yun Dal‐Jae , Kang Tae‐Weon 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA highly transparent single‐layer frequency selective surface (FSS) with an optical transmittance of 92.7% at 550 nm, designed for 5G communication systems operating in dual frequency bands of 26 and 38 GHz is proposed. The dual‐band FSS not only achieves high optical transparency but also maintains good electrical performance. The transmission performance of the FSS is stable to the polarization and angles of incidence for electromagnetic waves. As a proof of concept, the FSS with periodic square loops patterned on a 188‐µm‐thick substrate is fabricated. Each loop is constructed with metallic mesh electrodes having a pitch of 10 µm. Measurements are conducted using two different systems: a free‐space measurement system and a vector network analyser‐based material characterization kit. After calibrating the measurement systems, the scattering parameters of the fabricated surface are measured. The results obtained from both measurement systems show good agreement and also agree with the simulated results. The designed surface has an insertion loss of less than 3 dB in the dual passband region. The proposed dual‐band FSS has the merits of polarization independence, angular insensitivity, and high transparency.
Energy-resolved pulse profile changes in V 0332+53: Indications of wings in the cyclotron absorption line profile
Authors: D’Aì Antonino , Maniadakis Dimitrios K. , Ferrigno Carlo , Ambrosi Elena , Sokolova-Lapa Ekaterina , Cusumano Giancarlo , Becker Peter A. , Burderi Luciano , Del Santo Melania , Di Salvo Tiziana , Fürst Felix , Iaria Rosario , Kretschmar Peter , La Parola Valentina , Malacaria Christian , Pinto Ciro , Pintore Fabio , Rodríguez-Castillo Guillermo A. 
Published: January 2025

Aims. We aim to investigate the energy-resolved pulse profile changes of the accreting X-ray pulsar V 0332+53 focusing in the cyclotron line energy range, using the full set of available NuSTAR observations.
Methods. We applied a tailored pipeline to study the energy dependence of the pulse profiles and to build the pulsed fraction spectra (PFS) for the different observations. We also studied the profile changes using cross-correlation and lag spectra. We re-analysed the energy spectra to search for links between the local features observed in the PFS and spectral emission components associated with the shape of the fundamental cyclotron line.
Results. In the PFS data, with sufficiently high statistics, we observe a consistent behaviour around the cyclotron line energy. Specifically, two Gaussian-shaped features appear symmetrically on either side of the putative cyclotron line. These features exhibit minimal variation with source luminosity, and their peak positions consistently remain on the left and right of the cyclotron line energy. Associated with the cyclotron line-forming region, we interpret them as evidence for the resonant cyclotron absorption line wings, as predicted by theoretical models of how the cyclotron line profile should appear along the observer’s line of sight. A phase-resolved analysis of the pulse in the energy bands surrounding these features enables us to determine both the spectral shape and the intensity of the photons responsible for these peaks in the PFS. Assuming these features correspond to a spectral component, we used their shapes as priors for the corresponding emission components, finding a statistically satisfactory description of the spectra. To explain these results, we propose that our line of sight is close to the direction of the spin axis, while the magnetic axis is likely orthogonal to it.
Thymoquinone Mediates Müller Cell Apoptosis via miR-29b/SP1
Pathway: A Potential Therapeutic Approach in Diabetic
Retinopathy
Authors: Alkharfy Khalid M. , Ahmad Ajaz , Raish Mohammad , Alenazy Maha F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone (TQ) in
DR by assessing its effects on Müller cell apoptosis through modulation of
the miR-29b/SP1 pathway in a diabetic animal model.Healthy C57BL/6 mice (25 g) were used in the study. Retinal samples were
collected from both normal and diabetic mice subjected to various
treatments: TQ (1 mg/kg/day), glibenclamide (GLB, 250 mg/kg/day),
sitagliptin (STG, 10 mg/kg/day), and metformin (MET, 5 mg/kg/day) over a
period of 28 days. The study measured miR-29b and SP1 mRNA levels using
qRT-PCR. Protein expressions of SP1, Bax, and bcl-2 were analyzed through
western blotting, while Caspase-3 activity using an ELISA assay kit, and
apoptosis levels by annexin V.TQ administration resulted in a 52% reduction in blood glucose levels.
Similarly, GLB, STG, and MET treatments reduced blood glucose by 60%, 57%,
and 61%, respectively (p<0.05). In addition, TQ upregulated
miR-29b by 51.28% and downregulated SP1 mRNA by 32.52% (p<0.05).
Bax protein expression levels were decreased by 64.99%, while Bcl-2 protein
expression increased by 62.92% in the TQ treatment group as compared to the
untreated diabetic controls. Furthermore, Caspase-3 activity was
downregulated by 40.03% with TQ treatment (p<0.05). Interestingly,
the effect TQ on SP1 mRNA expression was inhibited by a miR-29b blocker
(p<0.05), while an miR-29b mimic enhanced this effect; this
was associated with a mitigation of apoptosis of retinal Müller cells as
measured by flow cytometry (p<0.05).These results indicate that TQ might be a possible option for DR via
its effect on the miR-29b/SP1 pathway; and therefore, playing a significant
role in the mechanism against cell death.
WeTICA: A directed search weighted ensemble based enhanced sampling method to estimate rare event kinetics in a reduced dimensional space
Authors: Mitra Sudipta , Biswas Ranjit , Chakrabarty Suman 
Published: January 2025

Estimating rare event kinetics from molecular dynamics simulations is a non-trivial task despite the great advances in enhanced sampling methods. Weighted Ensemble (WE) simulation, a special class of enhanced sampling techniques, offers a way to directly calculate kinetic rate constants from biased trajectories without the need to modify the underlying energy landscape using bias potentials. Conventional WE algorithms use different binning schemes to partition the collective variable (CV) space separating the two metastable states of interest. In this work, we have developed a new “binless” WE simulation algorithm to bypass the hurdles of optimizing binning procedures. Our proposed protocol (WeTICA) uses a low-dimensional CV space to drive the WE simulation toward the specified target state. We have applied this new algorithm to recover the unfolding kinetics of three proteins: (A) TC5b Trp-cage mutant, (B) TC10b Trp-cage mutant, and (C) Protein G, with unfolding times spanning the range between 3 and 40 μs using projections along predefined fixed Time-lagged Independent Component Analysis (TICA) eigenvectors as CVs. Calculated unfolding times converge to the reported values with good accuracy with more than one order of magnitude less cumulative WE simulation time than the unfolding time scales with or without a priori knowledge of the CVs that can capture unfolding. Our algorithm can be used with other linear CVs, not limited to TICA. Moreover, the new walker selection criteria for resampling employed in this algorithm can be used on more sophisticated nonlinear CV space for further improvements of binless WE methods.
La Bretagne ou « la magie du lieu » selon J.M.G. Le Clézio
Authors: Nielipowicz Natalia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This essay attempts to demonstrate Brittany as seen by Le Clézio. In presenting the land of the writer’s
ancestors, it relies heavily on a text described by himself as an ‶autobiographical tale″ Chanson bretonne (2020). The essay also refers to a polyphonic novel, Revolutions (2003), which deepens the representation of the Breton country by a historical stratum. In
line with geopoetic theories, the theme of the land does not stop in Le Clézio’s work at the level of description but attains the
status of a more metaphorical representation. I propose to enrich the geopoetic approach with the methods of the geocritical and
ecocritical approaches.
Measurement of resistivity of biofluids in the presence of an electrical double layer
Authors: Valladares Pérez José H , Márquez Islas Roberto , Sánchez Pérez Celia , García Valenzuela Augusto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Detecting alterations in the electrical response of human biofluids can provide valuable information in the early stages on pathological conditions in a patient. Developing techniques for obtaining rapid information on the electrical resistivity of common ionic biofluids by non-invasive techniques can improve medicare through a rapid and more precise diagnosis. In this work, we analyze the use of an electrical device consisting of a cell formed of flat parallel steel plates to measure the resistivity of these substances. When the electrical cell is filled with a biofluid an electrical double layer (EDL) is formed on the electrodes/biofluid interface. Then, we measure the electrical response and examine the general conditions under which the EDL does not interfere with the assesment of the biofluid’s resistivity. The electrical response is analyzed in terms of an equivalent circuit model. Also, a simplified theoretical model of a suspension of biological cells considering spherical particles with a membrane is discussed to validate measurements and theoretically exhibit the contribution of the cell’s membrane to the effective resistivity. We present measurements of the resistance of the electrical cell filled with electrolyte solutions, blood plasma, and diluted suspensions of erythrocytes in a hypotonic solution. Results show that the resistance of the electrical cell is sensitive to the volume density of biological cells suspended between the parallel plate electrodes, producing a signal with a high signal to noise ratio. From the measured resistance of a suspension of erythrocytes in a isotoinc solution and the simplified theoretical model, we estimate the value of the conductivity of the interior of the erythrocytes. The results show that measured resistance varies with blood samples and hemolysis progression. The device’s sensitivity to the number of erythrocytes passing between the electrodes makes it useful for measuring sedimentation kinetics.
The border effect in diamond microdosimeters and its impact on hadron therapy applications
Authors: Parisi Gabriele , Bianchi Lucrezia , Couture Pierre , Palitsin Vladimir , Fabbri Andrea , Schettino Giuseppe , Romano Francesco , Verona Claudio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The increasing interest in hadron therapy has heightened the need for accurate and reliable methods to assess radiation quality and the biological effectiveness of particles used in treatment. Microdosimetry has emerged as a key tool for this, demonstrating its potential, reliability, and suitability. In this context, solid-state microdosimeters offer technological advantages over traditional Tissue-Equivalent Proportional Counters, and recent advancements have further improved their performance and reliability. However, one critical challenge in solid-state microdosimetry is the so-called 'border effect', which can impact measurement accuracy. In this study, the border effect in diamond microdosimeters was thoroughly studied using Ion Beam Induced Charge (IBIC) analysis. The research, relying on experiments conducted at the Surrey Ion Beam Centre, developed an effective method to characterise and quantify the border effect. Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations were also employed to assess the impact of the border effect under typical proton therapy conditions, with a specific model developed and validated to reproduce this effect in simulations. Results showed potential significant variations of up to 40% in y&#772F and 20% in y&#772D values, highlighting the importance of accurately characterising the border effect and encouraging further research to mitigate its influence on microdosimetry measurements.
The UNICA sleep HRV analysis tool: an integrated open-source tool for heart rate variability analysis during sleep
Authors: Sattar Parisa , Baldazzi Giulia , Puligheddu Monica , Pani Danilo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis during sleep plays a key role for understanding autonomic nervous system function and assessing cardiovascular health. The UNICA Sleep HRV analysis (UNICA-HRV) tool is a novel, open-source MATLAB tool designed to fill the gap in current HRV analysis tools. In particular, the integration of ECG and HRV data with hypnogram information, which illustrates the progression through the different sleep stages, eases the computation of HRV metrics in polysomnographic recordings. This integration is crucial for accurate phase-specific analysis, as autonomic regulation changes markedly across different sleep stages. The tool supports single- and multiple-subject analyses and is tailored to enhance usability and accessibility for researchers and clinicians without requiring extensive technical expertise. It implements and supports a variety of data inputs and configurations, allowing for flexible, detailed HRV analyses across sleep stages, employing classical and advanced metrics, such as time-domain, frequency-domain, non-linear, complexity, and Poincaré plot indexes. Validation of the tool against established tools like Kubios and PhysioZoo indicates its robustness and precision in generating reliable HRV metrics, that are essential not only for sleep research, but also for clinical diagnostics. The introduction of UNICA-HRV represents a significant simplification for sleep studies, and its open-source nature (licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License) allows to easily extend the functionality to other needs.