bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrological Drought Generation Processes and Severity Are Changing in the Alps
Authors: Brunner Manuela I. , Götte Jonas , Schlemper Christopher , Van Loon Anne F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStreamflow droughts are governed by different hydro‐meteorological processes, whose relative importance may change over time, with potential impacts on drought severity. Here, we assess changes in the importance of different hydrological drought generation processes in the European Alps by applying a standardized drought type classification scheme to two time periods—one in the distant (1970–1993) and one in the recent past (1994–2017). Our findings show that changes in the relative importance of different drought generation processes are stronger in high‐elevation catchments, where we detect clear changes in drought seasonality, than in low‐elevation catchments. Furthermore, they suggest that changes in drought severity and generation processes are related because increasingly frequent snowmelt‐deficit droughts in high‐elevation catchments have larger deficits than droughts caused by decreasingly frequent cold temperatures. These changes might persist into the future, because of continuing decreases in snow cover and increases in evapotranspiration, with potential implications for water management.
Effects of Hypoxia on Coupled Carbon and Iron Cycling Differ Between Weekly and Multiannual Timescales in Two Freshwater Reservoirs
Authors: Lewis Abigail S. L. , Schreiber Madeline E. , Niederlehner B. R. , Das Arpita , Hammond Nicholas W. , Lofton Mary E. , Wander Heather L. , Carey Cayelan C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFreshwater lakes and reservoirs play a disproportionate role in the global organic carbon (OC) budget, as active sites for carbon processing and burial. Associations between OC and iron (Fe) are hypothesized to contribute substantially to the stabilization of OC in sediment, but the magnitude of freshwater Fe‐OC complexation remains unresolved. Moreover, global declines in bottom‐water oxygen concentrations have the potential to alter OC and Fe cycles in multiple ways, and the net effects of low‐oxygen (hypoxic) conditions on OC and Fe are poorly characterized. Here, we measured the pool of Fe‐bound OC (Fe‐OC) in surficial sediments from two eutrophic reservoirs, and we paired whole‐ecosystem experiments with sediment incubations to determine the effects of hypoxia on OC and Fe cycling over multiple timescales. Our experiments demonstrated that short periods (2–4 weeks) of hypoxia can increase aqueous Fe and OC concentrations while decreasing OC and Fe‐OC in surficial sediment by 30%. However, exposure to seasonal hypoxia over multiple years was associated with a 57% increase in sediment OC and no change in sediment Fe‐OC. These results suggest that the large sediment Fe‐OC pool (∼30% of sediment OC in both reservoirs) contains both oxygen‐sensitive and oxygen‐insensitive fractions, and over multiannual timescales OC respiration rates may play a more important role in determining the effect of hypoxia on sediment OC than Fe‐OC dissociation. Consequently, we anticipate that global declines in oxygen concentrations will alter OC and Fe cycling, with the direction and magnitude of effects dependent upon the duration of hypoxia.
Major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with type-2 diabetes, a nationwide cohort study comparing primary metabolic and bariatric surgery to GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment
Authors: Stenberg Erik , Näslund Erik 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) both improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with severe obesity and type-2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of MBS on major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE) in patients with severe obesity and T2D compared to patients with T2D treated with GLP-1 RA.

Subjects and methods
In this propensity score matched cohort study on nationwide data, patients with T2D and severe obesity who underwent MBS in Sweden from 2007 until 2019 were identified from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry and matched to a non-surgical group with T2D treated with GLP-1 RA (81.7% liraglutide, 9.0% dulaglutide, 6.0% exenatide, 1.6% lixisenatide and 0.8% semaglutide) from the general population using generalized linear model. Major outcome was MACE (hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome or cerebrovascular event or all-cause death), evaluated with multivariable Cox regression.

Results
In total 2161 patients (obesity class I (10.2%), class II (40.3%), class III (49.5%)) were matched to 2161 non-surgical patients (mean age 51.1 ± 9.29 vs 51.5 ± 8.92 years, 64.8% vs. 64.4% women, with mean number of diabetes drugs of 2.5 ± 0.89 vs 2.6 ± 0.87, a mean duration of diabetes of 6.0 ± 4.15 vs 6.0 ± 4.51 years with 44.2% vs. 42.8% being treated with insulin at baseline). During the study period, 113 patients (8-year cumulative incidence 9.3%) compared to 130 non-surgical patients (8-year cumulative incidence 11.3%) suffered from MACE or all-cause mortality (HR 0.76, 95%CI 0.59–0.98), and 69 patients (8-year cumulative incidence 5.1%) compared to 92 non-surgical patients (8-year cumulative incidence 7.6%) suffered from a non-fatal MACE (HR 0.68, 95%CI 0.49–0.93).

Conclusion
In this matched cohort study, MBS was associated with lower risk for MACE compared to treatment with early GLP-1 RA in patients with T2D.
Plastic responses lead to increased neurotoxin production in the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia under ocean warming and acidification
Authors: Xu Dong , Zheng Guanchao , Brennan Georgina , Wang Zhuonan , Jiang Tao , Sun Ke , Fan Xiao , Bowler Chris , Zhang Xiaowen , Zhang Yan , Wang Wei , Wang Yitao , Li Yan , Wu Haiyan , Li Youxun , Fu Fei-Xue , Hutchins David A , Tan Zhijun , Ye Naihao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ocean warming (OW) and acidification (OA) are recognized as two major climatic conditions influencing phytoplankton growth and nutritional or toxin content. However, there is limited knowledge on the responses of harmful algal bloom species that produce toxins. Here, the study provides quantitative and mechanistic understanding of the acclimation and adaptation responses of the domoic acid (DA) producing diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries to rising temperature and pCO2 using both a one-year in situ bulk culture experiment, and an 800-day laboratory acclimation experiment. Ocean warming showed larger selective effects on growth and DA metabolism than ocean acidification. In a bulk culture experiment, increasing temperature +4 °C above ambient seawater temperature significantly increased DA concentration by up to 11-fold. In laboratory when the long-term warming acclimated samples were assayed under low temperatures, changes in growth rates and DA concentrations indicated that P. multiseries did not adapt to elevated temperature, but could instead rapidly and reversibly acclimate to temperature shifts. However, the warming-acclimated lines showed evidence of adaptation to elevated temperatures in the transcriptome data. Here the core gene expression was not reversed when warming-acclimated lines were moved back to the low temperature environment, which suggested that P. multiseries cells might adapt to rising temperature over longer timescales. The distinct strategies of phenotypic plasticity to rising temperature and pCO2 demonstrate a strong acclimation capacity for this bloom-forming toxic diatom in the future ocean.
Translocation of a single Arg$$_9$$ peptide across a DOPC/DOPG(4:1) model membrane using the weighted ensemble method
Authors: Choe Seungho 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is difficult to observe a spontaneous translocation of cell-penetrating peptides(CPPs) within a short time scale (e.g., a few hundred ns) in all-atom molecular dynamics(MD) simulations because the time required for the translocation of usual CPPs is on the order of minutes or so. In this work, we report a spontaneous translocation of a single Arg$$_9$$

9

(R9) across a DOPC/DOPG(4:1) model membrane within an order of a few tens ns scale by using the weighted ensemble(WE) method. We identify how water molecules and the orientation of Arg$$_9$$

9

play a role in translocation. We also show how lipid molecules are transported along with Arg$$_9$$

9

. In addition, we present free energy profiles of the translocation across the membrane using umbrella sampling and show that a single Arg$$_9$$

9

translocation is energetically unfavorable. We expect that the WE method can help study interactions of CPPs with various model membranes within MD simulation approaches.
Increased methylglyoxal formation in plasma and tissues during a glucose tolerance test is derived from exogenous glucose
Authors: Zhang Xiaodi , Scheijen Jean L.J.M. , Stehouwer Coen D.A. , Wouters Kristiaan , Schalkwijk Casper G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The dicarbonyl compound methylglyoxal (MGO) is a major precursor in the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). MGO and AGEs are increased in subjects with diabetes and are associated with fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease. Previously, we have shown that plasma MGO concentrations rapidly increase in the postprandial phase, with a higher increase in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In current study, we investigated whether postprandial MGO formation in plasma and tissues originates from exogenous glucose and whether the increased plasma MGO concentration leads to a fast formation of MGO-derived AGEs.
We performed a stable isotope-labelled oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 12 healthy males with universally labelled D(+)13C glucose. Analysis of plasma-labelled 13C3 MGO and glucose levels at 11 time-points during the OGTT revealed that the newly formed MGO during OGTT is completely derived from exogenous glucose. Moreover, a fast formation of protein-bound MGO-derived AGEs during the OGTT was observed. In accordance, ex-vivo incubation of MGO with plasma or albumin showed a rapid decrease in MGO and a fast increase in MGO-derived AGEs. In an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test in C57BL/6J mice, we confirmed that the formation of postprandial MGO is derived from exogenous glucose in plasma and also showed in tissues that MGO is increased and this is also from exogenous glucose.
Collectively, increased formation of MGO during a glucose tolerance test arises from exogenous glucose both in plasma and in tissues, and this leads to a fast formation of MGO-derived AGEs.
Diffusion chimique dans le verre
Authors: Burov Ekaterina , Gouillart Emmanuelle , Schuller Sophie 
Published: January 2023

Depuis l’Antiquité, l’Homme a appris à contrôler les propriétés des verres. Cette maitrise passe par un savoir-faire ancestral, mais aussi plus récemment par la compréhension fine des mécanismes qui s’opèrent lors de la fabrication des verres industriels. La diffusion chimique est l’un des plus importants. Depuis peu, des méthodologies ont été développées par les chercheurs pour la comprendre et la décrire.
Dans cet article, nous donnons un éclairage sur les mécanismes de la diffusion et ses origines structurales. Pour les lecteurs les plus avertis, un focus sur la méthodologie d’étude est donné. Il est suivi d’une discussion sur les résultats récents concernant l’influence de la diffusion chimique sur la cristallisation.
De la bulle à la mousse de verre
Authors: Lebullenger Ronan , Pigeonneau Franck 
Published: January 2023

Les verres d’usage courant sont produits dans des fours de grande taille. Les matières premières portées à haute température y réagissent pour former un liquide très visqueux libérant une grande quantité de CO2. Pour réduire l’empreinte carbone et préserver les ressources minières, l’utilisation de verre recyclé est devenue inéluctable.
Nous montrons dans cet article comment le procédé de fusion et le processus de recyclage dépendent de la création et de l’évolution des bulles. Nous exposons tout d’abord comment ces bulles naissent et évoluent dans les fours industriels et quels sont les moyens pour les éliminer. Certains verres domestiques et industriels ne peuvent pas être refondus dans les fours. Afin de valoriser ces déchets, des solutions existent, qui tirent profit des bulles, et sont présentées dans cet article.
High-accuracy realization of temperature fixed and reference points
Authors: Fellmuth Bernd , Gaiser Christof 
Published: January 2023

The harmonization of international temperature measurements requires the high-accuracy realization of many different temperature reference points. This results from the feature of the intensive measurand temperature that temperatures cannot simply be divided or multiplied. Thus, the points must cover the whole range of interest, at present from 1 mK to a few 1000 K. Furthermore, instruments are necessary for the interpolation between the non-continuous guide values. This led to the establishment of International Temperature Scales (ITS). The ITS prescribe interpolation instruments and assign fixed temperature values to suitable phase transitions without uncertainty. The large temperature range can only be covered by applying very different phase transitions. This includes the classical transitions, namely triple, melting, and freezing points, but also second-order transitions, as superfluid and superconducting ones, and the very new eutectic or peritectic points of metal-carbon compositions. A high-accuracy realization requires a reliable uncertainty estimation. This is, therefore, the central topic of this review. Since a given non-ideal condition of a sample, especially the impurity content, cannot be reproduced as accurate as necessary, the fixed- and reference-point temperatures are defined for ideal substances under ideal conditions. Thus, the estimation of the uncertainty of the realizations must be based on estimating the magnitude of all physical effects influencing the observed phase-transition temperature. The application of this methodology is discussed in the paper as unifying topic independent of the individual problems to be solved. Furthermore, recommendations of the Consultative Committee for Thermometry are summarized, and own experiences are supplemented.
Genome-wide analysis of heat stress-stimulated transposon mobility in the human fungal pathogen
Cryptococcus deneoformans
Authors: Gusa Asiya , Yadav Vikas , Roth Cullen , Williams Jonathan D. , Shouse Eva Mei , Magwene Paul , Heitman Joseph , Jinks-Robertson Sue 
Published: January 2023

We recently reported transposon mutagenesis as a significant driver of spontaneous mutations in the human fungal pathogen
Cryptococcus deneoformans
during murine infection. Mutations caused by transposable element (TE) insertion into reporter genes were dramatically elevated at high temperatures (37° vs. 30°) in vitro, suggesting that heat stress stimulates TE mobility in the
Cryptococcus
genome. To explore the genome-wide impact of TE mobilization, we generated transposon accumulation lines by in vitro passage of
C. deneoformans
strain XL280α for multiple generations at both 30° and at the host-relevant temperature of 37°. Utilizing whole-genome sequencing, we identified native TE copies and mapped multiple de novo TE insertions in these lines. Movements of the T1 DNA transposon occurred at both temperatures with a strong bias for insertion between gene-coding regions. By contrast, the Tcn12 retrotransposon integrated primarily within genes and movement occurred exclusively at 37°. In addition, we observed a dramatic amplification in copy number of the Cnl1 (
Cryptococcus neoformans
LINE-1) retrotransposon in subtelomeric regions under heat-stress conditions. Comparing TE mutations to other sequence variations detected in passaged lines, the increase in genomic changes at elevated temperatures was primarily due to mobilization of the retroelements Tcn12 and Cnl1. Finally, we found multiple TE movements (T1, Tcn12, and Cnl1) in the genomes of single
C. deneoformans
isolates recovered from infected mice, providing evidence that mobile elements are likely to facilitate microevolution and rapid adaptation during infection.
Origins of genome-editing excisases as illuminated by the somatic genome of the ciliate
Blepharisma
Authors: Singh Minakshi , Seah Brandon K.B. , Emmerich Christiane , Singh Aditi , Woehle Christian , Huettel Bruno , Byerly Adam , Stover Naomi A. , Sugiura Mayumi , Harumoto Terue , Swart Estienne C. 
Published: January 2023

Massive DNA excision occurs regularly in ciliates, ubiquitous microbial eukaryotes with somatic and germline nuclei in the same cell. Tens of thousands of internally eliminated sequences (IESs) scattered throughout the ciliate germline genome are deleted during the development of the streamlined somatic genome. The genus
Blepharisma
represents one of the two high-level ciliate clades (subphylum Postciliodesmatophora) and, unusually, has dual pathways of somatic nuclear and genome development. This makes it ideal for investigating the functioning and evolution of these processes. Here we report the somatic genome assembly of
Blepharisma stoltei
strain ATCC 30299 (41 Mbp), arranged as numerous telomere-capped minichromosomal isoforms. This genome encodes eight PiggyBac transposase homologs no longer harbored by transposons
.
All appear subject to purifying selection, but just one, the putative IES excisase, has a complete catalytic triad. We hypothesize that PiggyBac homologs were ancestral excisases that enabled the evolution of extensive natural genome editing.
A deficient presence
Authors: Chan Michelle 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The collaboration between the visual and textual narrative in comics, richly loaded with cultural codes and background, leads to challenges in translation. Cultural transference in comics is inevitably obstructed and distorted. Even readers who understand both the source and target language may need help comprehending the entire narrative, not to mention monolingual readers. In an international city like Hong Kong, where cultures coexist independently yet interrelatedly, the incomprehensiveness of the translated version of Old Master Q Chinese Idioms LOL (2012) is instantly recognized by bilingual Chinese-English readers. A problematic transposition of semiotic and cultural knowledge and a disrupted interplay between the textual and visual narratives causes incomprehension. The translation of this comic series becomes even more challenging to achieve the clear intent of edutainment. This article will argue that translated comics will appear deficient to monolingual and bilingual readers even if they are equipped with the semiotic knowledge of the source and target language. The translation of multimodal texts is considerably constrained by a chain effect triggered by posting changes to any element in comics – a syncretic semiotic environment.
When and how to revise?
Authors: Korhonen Annamari 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe translation production team that consists of a translator and a reviser can be investigated as a specific kind of (sub)system of socially distributed cognition, a cognitive dyad; this system is defined as only including the translation professionals who are directly involved in the drafting of the translation. Based on interviews with translation professionals, I argue that this fine-tuned cognitive dyad gets its form not only as a result of its participants’ characteristics, but also under the influence of other factors, some of which vary from one project to the next, leading to the flexible formation of the reviser’s task in particular. The three most important project-specific influencing factors are the text genre, the translator’s experience and competence, and the client’s needs and requirements. While genre and the client’s needs and requirements seem to have a markedly similar impact, mainly influencing the internal task configuration of the cognitive dyad, the translator’s experience and competence often leads to non-revision. Trust is an important element in this process.
Porosity effect on the mechanical properties of nano-silver solder
Authors: Lv Weishan , Hu Jianxiong , Liu Jiaxin , Xiong Chuanguo , Zhu Fulong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nano-silver has the characteristics of low-temperature sintering and high-temperature service, which can reduce the thermal stress in the packaging process. Because of the high melting point and good high-temperature mechanical properties, silver is widely used in high-temperature packaging and connection fields. Sintered nano-silver has a porous structure on the microscopic level, it is necessary to study the mechanical properties of nano-silver with porosity. In this paper, we proposed a method for finite element modeling of porous nano-silver. Finite element analysis and nanoindentation test were used to investigate the Young’s modulus of nano-silver. At the same time, and the quadratic equation of porosity and Young’s modulus was fitted, and it was verified by Ramakrishnan model and nanoindentation results. These results show that the Young’s modulus of nano-silver decreases with the increase of internal porosity, and the Young’s modulus and porosity show a quadratic function correlation. As the porosity increases, the Young’s modulus of nano-silver decreases at a slower rate. The modeling method presented in this paper can well predict the Young’s modulus of nano-silver.
Optical FOMs of extended-source DG–TFET photodetector in the visible range of the spectrum
Authors: Tiwari Shreyas , Chonzom Lobzang , Saha Rajesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the optical characteristics of an extended-source double-gate tunnel field-effect transistor (ESDG–TFET)–based photodetector in the visible range of the spectrum at wavelength λ = (300–700) nm are investigated. The optical characteristics are examined at three specific wavelengths λ= 300, 500, and 700 nm at an intensity of 0.7 W cm−2. The optical characteristics of photosensors, such as absorption rate, generation rate, energy band profiles, transfer characteristics, sensitivity (S
n), quantum efficiency (η), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and detectivity, are extracted according to the incident wavelength of light. The results reveal that the ESDG–TFET-based photosensor exhibits better optical characteristics at λ = 300 nm compared to at λ = 500 and 700 nm. Moreover, the proposed photosensor provides sensitivity, SNR, and responsivity in the order of 91.2, 79 (dB), and 0.74 (A Watt−1), respectively, at λ = 300 nm. Due to the high incident optical energy (E
g) at 300 nm, the absorption and emission rates of this photosensor are significantly larger; consequently, it reports better optical characteristics. Finally, a comparative study of the proposed TFET-based photosensor with photosensors cited in the literature is summarized in tabular form. A comparison study in terms of spectral sensitivity between single-gate and double-gate ESDG–TFET is also reported. Moreover, an inverter circuit based on ESDG–TFET is designed, and the corresponding transient analysis is highlighted under both dark and light states.