bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by ozonated water via novel hand hygiene device
Authors: Lubitz Robert M , Leon Brian R , Bradner K Nicole , Romary Daniel J , Landsberger Sarah A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened awareness of the need for novel surface disinfectants and hand-hygiene modalities. Ozone gas is an effective surface disinfectant, but toxicity limits its use in human applications. Ozonated water is a safer means to use ozone for disinfection, especially for human antisepsis. However, there are little data available regarding the effectiveness of ozonated water in eliminating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods and results
This study utilizes a novel hand hygiene device that produces a stable ozone concentration of 0.5 +/−0.1 ppm in water and applies it using a proprietary spray that controls droplet size, velocity, and direction. The Device was used to apply ozonated water to a known quantity of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant viral particles on a non-porous surface (glass) for seven seconds. Post-exposure growth was compared to the unexposed matched control utilizing the Spearman–Karber method. Compared to control, ozonated water decreased SARS-CoV-2 viral growth by a mean log10 reduction of 4.33, or &gt;99.99% reduction.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the ozonated water, when applied by a spray hand hygiene device, is highly effective at surface disinfection of SARS-CoV-2.
Rediscovering John Martin
Authors: Anguix-Vilches Laia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The imposing and melodramatic landscapes painted by John Martin (1789–1854) were widely celebrated in the early nineteenth century. However, mid-Victorian aesthetic shifts sent them into oblivion shortly after the artist’s death. By the 1920s they had completely lost their market value, and many lay rolled up in warehouses. This article investigates the rediscovery of Martin’s work in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War. Uncovering archival documents, primary sources and historical press reviews, it brings to light the joint efforts of connoisseurs, dealers and gallery directors in 1940s–1950s Britain in promoting, exhibiting and collecting Martin’s work. It also links those magnificent and catastrophic scenes with the post-war group of figurative artists dubbed neo-Romantics, documenting their attempts to get Martin’s work into the Tate collection. Ultimately, the article pays tribute to the collective enterprise of rescuing Martin’s masterpieces from ‘the waters of oblivion’, allowing them to survive till the present day.
The Senator and the Sting Operation: Politics, the Media, and Frank Moss’s Exposé of “Medicaid Mills”
Authors: Dolan Brian , Beitler Stephen , Johnson Antoine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In September 1975, Frank Moss, an eighteen-year veteran of the Senate from Utah, donned the scruffiest clothes he could find and walked into a small clinic in New York that catered to Medicaid patients. Using a phony Medicaid card supplied to him by a New York District Attorney, he posed as a patient with symptoms he feigned to assess the quality of care he would receive. Appalled by what he experienced, he and a team of staffers from his office embarked on a four-state tour of what he termed “Medicaid mills,” visiting more than 200 clinics in an undercover investigation that exposed alarming levels of provider fraud and abuse of the government health insurance system. This dramatic expose was covered by CBS’s widely watched Sunday-night news program 60 Minutes. The subsequent Senate hearings were a media sensation, leading to accusations that the Senator was “grandstanding.”
This article looks at the political climate in which the congressional sting operation, the media attention it garnered, and the subsequent legislation enacted sought to address a persistent, growing problem of fraud and abuse in Medicare and Medicaid. The article argues that Moss’s effort was an example of entrepreneurial politics, as defined by Craig Volden and Alan Wiseman in 2016, and something more as well. Moss was reacting to a political setting in which the legitimate authority of political institutions, including Congress, had been called into question by the Watergate scandal and other revelations. At the same time, organized medicine in America was dealing with its own version of this challenge to its authority. The result was a dramatic episode that focused on fraud and abuse in the ten-year-old Medicare program and that raised wider questions about changes in cultural authority in politics and medicine.
Divergent or convergent: how do forest carnivores use time in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem?
Authors: Smith Austin B , Squires John R , Bjornlie Nichole L , Holbrook Joseph D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Divergent activity can change the intensity of species interactions, largely affecting species distributions and abundances, and consequently influencing the composition and function of ecological communities. Few assessments of activity patterns have focused questions around different resource constraints or have examined varying time frames when interaction strengths are expected to increase. We evaluated how activity among carnivores and their prey shifted from early to late winter, coinciding with a presumed decrease in food resources for carnivores, and we measured time between species detections within a camera station. Our study species were three forest carnivores—Pacific martens (Martes caurina), Rocky Mountain red foxes (Vulpes vulpes macroura), coyotes (Canis latrans); and two of their prey—American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), and snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). We sampled these species across an extensive network of cameras (n = 107) during the 2014–2017 winter seasons in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, Wyoming. We generated kernel density plots for timing of photographs and calculated the coefficient of overlap among density plots for our predators and prey during early and late winter. Furthermore, we calculated the time-between-detections (i.e., hours) among forest carnivores. We found no consistent trends in time-between-detections across our species pairs. Pacific martens exhibited cathemeral activity that aligned with the peaks in activity of the two prey species. Temporal overlap between coyote and red fox activities was small in early winter, whereas coyotes modified activity in late winter such that they more closely aligned with red foxes. This intraguild convergence of activity may reflect an increase in resource constraints and have consequences for competitive interactions between these two canids. Our study supports the notion that variation in time is an important axis in facilitating coexistence among these forest carnivores and prey species.
Stability and function of RCL1 are dependent on the interaction with BMS1
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhao Zhenyu , Yu Hongyan , Shi Hui , Tao Boxiang , He Yinan , Chen Jun , Peng Jinrong , Gan Meifu , Lo Li Jan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
During ribosome biogenesis, the small subunit (SSU) processome is responsible for 40S assembly. The BMS1/RCL1 complex is a core component of the SSU processome that plays an important role in 18S rRNA processing and maturation. Genetic studies using zebrafish mutants indicate that both Bms1-like (Bms1l) and Rcl1 are essential for digestive organ development. In spite of vital functions of this complex, the mutual dependence of these two nucleolar proteins for the stability and function remains elusive. In this study, we identified an RCL1-interacting domain in BMS1, which is conserved in zebrafish and humans. Moreover, both the protein stability and nucleolar entry of RCL1 depend on its interaction with BMS1, otherwise RCL1 degraded through the ubiquitination–proteasome pathway. Functional studies revealed that overexpression of RCL1 in BMS1-knockdown cells can partially rescue the defects in 18S rRNA processing and cell proliferation, and hepatocyte-specific overexpression of Rcl1 can resume zebrafish liver development in the bms1l substitution mutant bms1lsq163/sq163but not in the knockout mutant bms1lzju1/zju1, which is attributed to the nucleolar entry of Rcl1 in the former mutant. Our data demonstrate that BMS1 and RCL1 interaction is essential for not only pre-rRNA processing but also the communication between ribosome biogenesis and cell cycle regulation.
Iconicity in the emergence of a phonological system?
Authors: Moita Mara , Abreu Ana Maria , Mineiro Ana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIconicity has been described as an impetus for creating sign forms in emerging sign languages and forming signs in established sign languages. Iconic signs are defined as spontaneous or stable signs that directly reflect the representation of their referent. In established sign languages, iconic signs have phonological features. Regarding the link between the motivation for iconic signs and phonological features, we aim to investigate how iconicity might influence the emergence of a phonological system along with the evolution of a new sign language by observing how the rise of a phonological system might be revealed by the evolution of emerging iconic gestures and signs in a new sign language. For this purpose, we inventoried and coded the iconicity nature and phonological structure of 200 signed lexical items collected in two moments of Sao Tome and Principe Sign Language (LGSTP) emergence: at T1 (after 2 years since the deaf habitants initiated their social meetings) and T2 (8 years subsequent to T1 data collection). In the 8 years of LGSTP’s emergence, we found a dominance of iconic signs in tandem with changes in the signs’ internal structure. The handshape is revealed to be the phonological parameter with the greatest development, presenting itself as more complex. The LGSTP lexicon reveals that iconicity seems to prompt the emergence of sign forms. However, iconic strategies remain stable across the evolution of the emergent signs and are independent of the internal structure change of the sign.
A novel agreement statistic using data on uncertainty in ratings
Authors: Zee Jarcy , Mariani Laura , Barisoni Laura , Mahajan Parag , Gillespie Brenda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Many existing methods for estimating agreement correct for chance agreement by adjusting the observed proportion agreement by the probability of chance agreement based on different assumptions. These assumptions may not always be appropriate, as demonstrated by pathologists’ ratings of kidney biopsy descriptors. We propose a novel agreement statistic that accounts for the empirical probability of chance agreement, estimated by collecting additional data on rater uncertainty for each rating. A standard error estimator for the proposed statistic is derived. Simulation studies show that in most cases, our proposed statistic is unbiased in estimating the probability of agreement after removing chance agreement.
Flexor pollicis longus tendon rupture: a case series on palmaris longus tendon graft reconstruction after volar plate fixation
Authors: Shih Yi-Sheng , Chang Yao-Jen , Cheng Yu-Ting , Chang Chia-Sung , Lin Yu-Hsien 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon rupture is a debilitating condition that can impair hand function. This case series study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of FPL tendon rupture and subsequent palmaris longus (PL) tendon graft reconstruction. Three cases of FPL tendon rupture in patients who had previously undergone open reduction and internal fixation with a volar plate were included. The surgical intervention involved volar plate removal, tenolysis and PL tendon graft reconstruction. Follow-up assessments showed gradual improvement in wrist function, with no post-operative complications or infections observed. These findings suggest that PL tendon grafting can be an effective surgical technique for FPL tendon rupture. Further research is needed to determine optimal surgical approaches and post-operative rehabilitation protocols for this condition.
Uncertainty quantification of the virial black hole mass with conformal prediction
Authors: Yong Suk Yee , Ong Cheng Soon 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Precise measurements of the black hole mass are essential to gain insight on the black hole and host galaxy co-evolution. A direct measure of the black hole mass is often restricted to nearest galaxies and instead, an indirect method using the single-epoch virial black hole mass estimation is used for objects at high redshifts. However, this method is subjected to biases and uncertainties as it is reliant on the scaling relation from a small sample of local active galactic nuclei. In this study, we propose the application of conformalized quantile regression (CQR) to quantify the uncertainties of the black hole predictions in a machine learning setting. We compare CQR with various prediction interval techniques and demonstrated that CQR can provide a more useful prediction interval indicator. In contrast to baseline approaches for prediction interval estimation, we show that the CQR method provides prediction intervals that adjust to the black hole mass and its related properties. That is it yields a tighter constraint on the prediction interval (hence more certain) for a larger black hole mass, and accordingly, bright and broad spectral line width source. Using a combination of neural network model and CQR framework, the recovered virial black hole mass predictions and uncertainties are comparable to those measured from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The code is publicly available.
DMPP-4: candidate sub-Neptune mass planets orbiting a naked-eye star
Authors: Barnes J R , Standing M R , Haswell C A , Staab D , Doherty J P J , Waller-Bridge M , Fossati L , Soto M , Anglada-Escudé G , Llama J , McCune C , Lewis F W 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present radial velocity measurements of the very bright (V ∼ 5.7) nearby F star, DMPP-4 (HD 184960). The anomalously low Ca ii H&K emission suggests mass-loss from planets orbiting a low activity host star. Periodic radial velocity variability with ∼10 m s−1 amplitude is found to persist over a &gt;4 yr time-scale. Although the non-simultaneous photometric variability in four TESS sectors supports the view of an inactive star, we identify periodic photometric signals and also find spectroscopic evidence for stellar activity. We used a posterior sampling algorithm that includes the number of Keplerian signals, Np, as a free parameter to test and compare (1) purely Keplerian models (2) a Keplerian model with linear activity correlation and (3) Keplerian models with Gaussian processes. A preferred model, with one Keplerian and quasi-periodic Gaussian process indicates a planet with a period of $P_\textrm {b} = 3.4982^{+0.0015}_{-0.0027}$ d and corresponding minimum mass of $m_\textrm {b}\, \textrm {sin}\, i = 12.2^{+1.8}_{-1.9}$ M⊕. Without further high-time resolution observations over a longer time-scale, we cannot definitively rule out the purely Keplerian model with two candidates planets with $P_\textrm {b} = 2.4570^{+0.0026}_{-0.0462}$ d, minimum mass $m_\textrm {b}\, \textrm {sin}\, i = 8.0^{+1.1}_{-1.5}$ M⊕ and $P_\textrm {c} = 5.4196^{+0.6766}_{-0.0030}$ d and corresponding minimum mass of $m_\textrm {b}\, \textrm {sin}\, i = 12.2^{+1.4}_{-1.6}$ M⊕. The candidate planets lie in the region below the lower-envelope of the Neptune Desert. Continued mass-loss may originate from the highly irradiated planets or from an as yet undetected body in the system.
Borderline hyperbolic comet C/2021 O3 (PANSTARRS) was fading as it approached the Sun
Authors: Evangelista-Santana M , De Prá M , Carvano J M , de la Fuente Marcos C , de la Fuente Marcos R , Alarcon M R , Licandro J , Lazzaro D , Michimani J , Pereira W , Rondón E , Monteiro F , Arcoverde P , Corrêa T , Rodrigues T , Paganini-Martins C 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present an observational and numerical study of the borderline hyperbolic comet C/2021 O3 (PANSTARRS) performed during its recent passage through the inner Solar system. Our observations were carried out at OASI and SOAR between 2021 October and 2022 January, and reveal a low level of activity relative to which was measured for other long-period comets. In addition, we observed a decrease in brightness as the comet got closer to the Sun. Our photometric data, obtained as C/2021 O3 approached perihelion on 2022 April 21, show that the comet was much less active than what is usually expected in the cases of long-period comets, with Afρ values more in line with those of short-period comets (specifically, the Jupiter-family comets). On the other hand, the observed increase in the value of the spectral slope as the amount of dust in the coma decreased could indicate that the smaller dust particles were being dispersed from the coma by radiation pressure faster than they were injected by possible sublimation jets. The analysis of its orbital evolution suggests that C/2021 O3 could be a dynamically old comet, or perhaps a new one masquerading as a dynamically old comet, with a likely origin in the Solar system.
Shh–Gli2–Runx2 inhibits vascular calcification
Authors: Huang Aoran , Xu Tianhua , Lu Xiaomei , Ma Ling , Ma Haiying , Yu Yanqiu , Yao Li 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), vascular calcification (VC) is common and is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Shh, one ligand for Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, participates in osteogenesis and several cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains unclear whether Shh is implicated in the development of VC.

Methods
Inorganic phosphorus 2.6 mM was used to induce vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification. Mice were fed with adenine diet supplement with 1.2% phosphorus to induce VC.

Results
Shh was decreased in VSMCs exposed to inorganic phosphorus, calcified arteries in mice fed with an adenine diet, as well as radial arteries from patients with CKD presenting VC. Overexpression of Shh inhibited VSMCs ostosteoblastic differentiation and calcification, whereas its silencing accelerated these processes. Likewise, mice treated with smoothened agonist (SAG; Hh signaling agonist) showed alleviated VC, and mice treated with cyclopamine (CPN; Hh signaling antagonist) exhibited severe VC. Additionally, overexpression of Gli2 significantly reversed the pro-calcification effect of Shh silencing on VSMCs, suggesting that Shh inhibited VC via Gli2. Mechanistically, Gli2 interacted with Runx2 and promoted its ubiquitin proteasomal degradation, therefore protecting against VC. Of interest, the pro-degradation effect of Gli2 on Runx2 was independent of Smurf1 and Cullin4B.

Conclusions
Our study provided deeper insight to the pathogenesis of VC, and Shh might be a novel potential target for VC treatment.
The Effect of State and Local Flavored Cigar Sales Restrictions, on Retail Sales of Large Cigars, Cigarillos, and Little Cigars in Massachusetts, California, Illinois, and New York
Authors: Diaz Megan C , Yoon Stephanie N , Donovan Emily , Akbar Maham , Schillo Barbara A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act prohibited flavored cigarettes but allowed for flavored cigars. Since, there has been a 34% increase in youth cigar use and widened racial disparities. State and local jurisdictions have increasingly enacted flavored tobacco product sales restrictions. As more jurisdictions consider implementing flavor restrictions, it is important to understand their effect on tobacco markets that have high flavor proliferation, including the cigar market.

Aims and Methods
This study uses data from Truth Initiative’s flavor policy database and NielsenIQ retailer scanners for California, Illinois, Massachusetts, and New York. We use a three-way fixed-effect model to assess the impact of the percentage of the population covered by a flavored cigar sales restriction on per capita unit sales of cigars.

Results
We find that population coverage by cigar sales restrictions was significantly associated with decreases in per capita cigar sales. More specifically, a 25% increase in the percentage of the population covered by a flavored cigar sales restriction was associated with a decrease in per capita all cigar sales of 15%–19%, 4%–10% for large cigars, 17%–21% for cigarillos, and 2%–41% for little cigars.

Conclusion
Flavored cigar sales restrictions are an effective policy to reduce per capita cigar sales. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)’s proposed product standards would increase population covered by a flavored cigar sales restriction to 100%, leading to potential significant reductions in cigar sales, especially little cigar, and cigarillo sales. This may also substantially reduce youth cigar use and racial disparities in cigar use.

Implications
In April 2022, the U.S. FDA published a proposed rule to prohibit characterizing flavors in all cigars and menthol cigarettes. Besides this proposed rule, there has been little federal action to date to reduce sales of flavored cigars. However, as of March 31, 2022, Massachusetts and 333 localities across 10 states have enacted policies that restrict the sale of flavored cigars and other tobacco products. We find that population coverage by cigar sales restrictions is significantly associated with decreases in per capita cigar sales.
Perspectives on the Use of Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy for People who Inject Drugs: Results From an Online Survey of Infectious Diseases Clinicians
Authors: Solomon Daniel A , Beieler Alison M , Levy Sera , Eaton Ellen F , Sikka Monica K , Thornton Alice , Dhanireddy Shireesha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Injection-related infections require prolonged antibiotic therapy. Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) has been shown to be feasible for people who inject drugs (PWID) in some settings. We report a national survey on practice patterns and attitudes of infectious diseases clinicians in the United States regarding use of OPAT for PWID.
Against the Spirit of the Age: The Rationale of Relational Contracts
Authors: Goodrich Peter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In his long-awaited treatise on the relational theory of contracting, David Campbell provides a rigorous, systematic and consistently lucid account of mutual recognition as the basis of all volitional obligations. Fiercely negotiated economic transactions find their social expression in legally enforceable agreements that are to be followed scrupulously to the letter both by the parties and by the courts. This is because, in his view, mutual recognition, the co-operative economic enterprise, is memorialised in the legal instrument. Using the example of the emergent doctrine of good faith, this article argues that while such literalism proffers an admirably bright line for enforcement of agreements, it reduces the import and value of the relational theory of contract as an ethical and political accounting of market transactions. Literalism here is problematic not simply because of the inherent historicity and social diversity of language, but because in concepts such as good faith or reasonable interpretation, the purpose of the inscribed transaction has to be evaluated not only in terms of the plurality of the contract’s clauses, but also with a view to the overall shared intent of the exchange. For the relational theory of contract to have the impact that it merits, it needs to strengthen its account of how mutual recognition and the ethical and political dimensions of relationship best gain expression in the good-faith interpretation of the proximities manifest in agreement.