bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulsed electrical stimulation and amino acid derivatives promote collagen gene expression in human dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Akimoto Ryuji , Kamiya Shohei , Hosoki Katsu , Ichikawa Hideyuki , Nishiyama Toshio , Urabe Hiroya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Several collagen types are important for maintaining skin structure and function. Previous reports show that L-hydroxyproline (Hyp), N-acetyl-L-hydroxyproline (AHyp), and L-alanyl-L-glutamine (Aln-Gln) are biological active substances with collagen synthesis-promoting effects. In this study, we combined the promotive effects of pulsed electrical stimulation (PES) with three amino acid derivatives (AADs) in human dermal fibroblasts. Fibroblasts were exposed to PES with a 4,800 Hz pulse frequency and a voltage at 1 V or 5 V for 15 minutes. The gene expression of type I and Ⅲ collagen (fibrillar collagen), type Ⅳ and Ⅶ collagen (basement membrane collagen and anchoring fibril collagen) were measured by RT-PCR 48 hours after PES. PES alone promoted the expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1 at 5 V but did not alter that of COL4A1 and COL7A1. Each AAD and the AAD mixture promoted the expression of COL4A1 and COL7A1 but either repressed, or did not alter, that of COL1A1 and COL3A1. Compared to treatment with each AAD, PES at 5 V with Hyp promoted the expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1, enhanced COL3A1 expression with AHyp, and stimulated COL3A1 expression with Aln-Gln, while COL4A1 and COL7A1 expressions were not affected. PES and the AAD mixture significantly promoted COL4A1 expression in a voltage-dependent manner, and COL1A1 and COL3A1 demonstrated a similar but nonsignificant trend, whereas COL7A1 expression was not affected. The combination of PES with each AAD or the AAD mixture may improve skin structure and function by increasing the expression of basement membrane collagen and dermal fibrillar collagen.
Attitudes of Chinese health professionals toward termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Wu Ying , Liu Yanlin , Wang Xiaomin , Zhong Yuqiong , Zhang Xin , Luo Dan , Liu Xing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background:This cross-sectional study explores the attitudes of Chinese health professionals toward the termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly (TOPFA) based on four case scenarios. The study aims to identify the factors that influence their attitudes and provide insights to formulate norms and strategies for prevention and treatment of fetal anomalies.
Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed, and 750 valid questionnaires were collected from 14 prefectures and cities in central China. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, and binary logistic regression was used to determine associations between health professionals’ attitudes toward TOPFA and sociodemographic and other variables, expressed as the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: The study found that 63.5% of health professionals approved of the birth of a fetus with cleft lip and palate, while 36.5% opposed it. Similarly, 39.7% approved of the birth of a fetus with phenylketonuria, while 60.3% opposed it. The percentages of those in favor of and against the birth of a fetus with precocious heart disease were 45.5% and 54.5%, respectively, and those for and against the birth of a fetus with missing fingers were 50.8% and 49.2%, respectively. The top three factors that influenced the attitudes of health professionals toward the birth of a defective fetus were "the impact of the fetus' own disease on its physical function and growth," "the severity of the fetus' own disease," and "the professional assessment of the indications for treatment of the fetus' disease and related professional advice." The majority of health professionals (75–78%) preferred joint decision-making by parents regarding the right to decide whether a fetus with birth defects will be born.
Conclusions:This study is the first case-based study in China to examine the attitudes of Chinese health professionals toward TOPFA. It highlights the need for professional training including in ethics and medical strategies related to birth defects prevention and control for health professionals at all levels. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for formulating norms and strategies for the prevention and treatment of fetal anomalies in China.
Nutritional composition and pharmacological activity of Musa balbisiana Colla seed: an insight into phytochemical and cellular bioenergetic profiling
Authors: Gurumayum Nonibala , Sarma Partha Pratim , Khound Puspanjali , Jana Uttam Kumar , Devi Rajlakshmi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Musa balbisiana Colla, belonging to the family Musaceae, is well-known for its nutritional and pharmacological properties. The present study analyses the phytochemical content and evaluated the nutritional, antioxidant, anti-glycation, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibition potential of M. balbisiana seed. In addition, bioenergetic profiles of the bioactive fraction of M. balbisiana seeds against oxidative stress-related mitochondrial and cellular dysfunction were studied using XFe24 extracellular flux analyzer for the first time. M. balbisiana seeds have high nutritional values with ample amounts of carbohydrates, starch, protein, and minerals (Ca, Na, Mg, Cu, Fe, and Zn). Bioactivity-guided fractionation of M. balbisiana seed methanolic extract yield ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fraction. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) showed the highest antioxidant, anti-glycation, and phytochemical content as compared to other fractions. EAF also showed lower α-amylase inhibition and higher α-glucosidase inhibition activity. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of 14 phytochemical compounds that have not been reported previously from M. balbisiana seed. A strong correlation between the biological activities and total phenolic/tannin content was observed. In addition, M. balbisianaseeds improved the bioenergetic profiles of free fatty acid-induced oxidative stress with a concomitant increase in ATP production, respiratory and glycolytic capacity. Therefore, M. balbisiana seed can be a natural supplement to boost antioxidant levels and fight against oxidative stress and non-enzymatic glycation.
Setback distance between coastal cities and wetlands to protect waterbirds
Authors: Luo Rong-Bo , Ni Hong-Gang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Context
Increasing pressure caused by human activities and environmental degradation in coastal zones has had significant impacts on coastal systems, and urgent attention is required in many coastal areas globally. To improve the management of coastal ecosystems and resources,many countries and regions are performingpractical researchon coastal development setback guidelines. However, most guideline distances have been developed based on normative studies rather than natural science research methods.
Objectives
In this study, a simple method of assessing the appropriate coastal setback distance for coastal urban construction was developed.
Methods
Three methods are considered, namely, setback distances based on pollution, flush distance, and noise attenuation distance, and we attempted to achieve congruency among these methods. Thus, the final setback distance should be based on an integration of all three estimated values.
Results
However, conflicts were observed in the setback distances based on the three factors, and we integrated and considered the recommended values of different algorithms to reach a consensus. Under these principles, an overlap range from 350 to 714 m was suggested as a setback distance.
Conclusions
Our recommended values fell into the range of setback distances used by current methods and were outcomes of quantitative research. This recommended range was obtained under ideal conditions. Given the complexities of formulating technical guidelines and planning construction setback lines, the recommended range can only be used as a reference.
Identification of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from fishponds and their performance to remove hydrogen sulfide under aquarium conditions
Authors: Dashtbin Rana , Mahmoudi Nemat , Kollayeh Hossein Besharati , Lalevic Blažo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic gas that causes many economic losses in aquaculture ponds. The application of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) to remove hydrogen sulfide is an eco-friendly approach. This study aimed to isolate and identify the most efficient SOBs from the sediment of warm-water fish farms. Enrichment and isolation were performed in three different culture media (Starkey, Postgate, and H-3) based on both mineral and organic carbon. Overall, 27 isolates (14 autotrophic and 13 heterotrophic isolates) were purified based on colony and cell morphology differences. Initial screening was performed based on pH decrease. For final screening, the isolates were assessed based on their efficacy in thiosulfate oxidation and the sulfate production on Starkey liquid medium. Among isolated strains, 3 strains of Iran 2 (FH-13), Iran 3 (FH-21), and Iran 1 (FH-14) that belonged to the genus Thiobacillus thioparus (identified by 16s rRNA) showed the highest ability in thiosulfate oxidation (413.21, 1362.50, and 4188.03 mg l‒1 for 14 days) and the highest sulfate production (3350, 2075, and 1600 mg l‒1). In the final phase, the performance of these strains under aquarium conditions showed that Iran 1 and Iran 2 had the highest ability in sulfur oxidation. In conclusion, Iran 1 and 2 strains can be used as effective SOB to remove hydrogen sulfide in fish farms. It is very important to evaluate strains in an appropriate strategy using a combination of different criteria to ensure optimal performance of SOB in farm conditions.
WSe2 thin-films as efficient optical limiters: A study on impact of annealing
Authors: Surbhi Km. , Sahoo Utkalika Priyadarshni , Sahoo Pratap Kumar , Das Ritwick 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present a detailed investigation on the impact of thermal annealing on the third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of sputtered WSe2 thin-films. The process of annealing results in an appreciable change in morphology and texture of WSe2 films that is governed by the annealing temperature and duration of annealing. These modifications are apparent from the electron micrographs as well as X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrum. The visible absorption spectroscopy point towards a gradual shrinkage of electronic bandgap which motivated us to explore the impact of NLO properties of the annealed WSe2 films. The NLO measurements were carried out using single-beam Z-scan technique using ultrashort pulses centered at 1030 nm excitation wavelength. The investigations reveal a distinct two-photon absorption (TPA) signature for the annealed WSe2 films along with a self-focusing effect. The observations indicate strengthening of optical limiting behaviour exhibited by WSe2 films when they are annealed for a longer duration. The outcomes suggest that the process of annealing in WSe2 films allows to control the NLO properties and renders them more suitable candidates as optical limiters for high-power applications.
Online Influence Maximization under Continuous Independent Cascade Model with Node-Edge-Level Feedback
Authors: Liu Chao , Xu Haichao , Liu Xiaoyang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study the online influence maximization problem in social networks. We concentrate on solving two challenges in this paper. First, we work with continuous independent cascade model instead of independent cascade model. In the independent cascade model, the influence diffusion is limited and imprecise because an activated node can only attempt to impact a neighbor through a directed edge for once. Therefore we propose a continuous influence set, and combine this set with the independent cascade model to build a continuous independent cascade model, which realizes multiple activation and can be more customized to attract more targeted users. Second, we devise node-edge-level feedback instead of node-level feedback. In the node-level feedback, though the combined influence is relatively easy to observe, the exact edge which cause the influence seldom reveals. Therefore we use node-edge-level feedback to generate the source nodes which activate the active node. We improve the IMFB algorithm and propose the CIC_IMFB-NE algorithm. The CIC_IMFB-NE algorithm is more efficient than the existing online influence maximization algorithm. Our experiments demonstrate the excellence of CIC_IMFB-NE in terms of regret bound in real life.
Water quality evaluation using water quality index and pollution model in selected communities in Gbaramatu Kingdom, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Sam Kabari , Onyena Amarachi , Eriegha Ochuko Joshua , Eze Felix 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Drinking water quality is a critical factor affecting human health particularly in natural resource-dependent countries including Nigeria. Hydrocarbon related pollution, mining waste, microbial load, industrial discharge and other anthropogenic stressors degrade drinking water quality in coastal communities and pose serious public health and ecological risks. This study evaluated the physicochemical properties of drinking water in selected communities (Okerenkoko, Kurutie and Oporoza) in Gbaramatu Kingdom, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, to assess the water quality using the water quality index (WQI) and pollution models. Nitrate, chromium, cadmium, copper, lead, aluminium, pH, total hardness, total dissolved solids, cyanide and residual chlorine were measured in twelve selected locations across three communities. WQI results of 139 to 44180 indicated that analyzed water samples exceeded the critical WQI value of 100, in addition the mean pH of the water samples recorded 8.11 ± 0.32, indicating unsuitability for consumption. Nickel ranging from 0.014 to 0.176 mg/L and residual chlorine 11.6 to 7407 mg/L were the major contributors to the degradation of water quality and exceeded the WHO recommended limit of 0.02 and 0.25 respectively. While groundwater had better organoleptic properties compared to surface and rain water, the geo-accumulation index showed that water sources vary from moderately to heavily contaminated with Ni and Cd. The WQI and pollution model results indicate that immediate action is required by stakeholders to address water quality deterioration (e.g., providing alternative water supply) as existing water resources in the area pose significant health risks to the local population.
“Cut the cost of defence and invest more for education” when self-studying of student/researcher is an automatic contribution for national and worldwide development without getting money
Authors: Hossain Md. Anowar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Every government all over the world has investment strategy for primary schooling to PhD education. Five years duration of primary education is mandatory for child although 100% child is not going to school in poor or developing countries. Self-earned money relates to direct financial solvency and financial achievement. Oppositely self-studying is a long-term effort for self-investment. Self-education relates to be an educated person for self-development. Self-studying directly reflects for national and worldwide contribution. Self-education reflects for society contribution and automatically minimize social crime all over the world. The self-studying has no self-earned money directly. The difference of investment between self-studying and self-earning has been compared. Self-earned money gradually generates the financial achievement and self-education enhances self-development to be educated person. A self-studying student self-finances around 45558AUD during 22 years academic schooling from primary to PhD degree under very minimum payment of poor or developing countries all over the world. This is a very patient self-financing through self-studying without getting immediate reward of life journey. Financial achievement of a PhD researcher is comparatively very minor in terms of their society contribution.
Prognosis and Dissection of the Immune Microenvironment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Signatures
Authors: Liang Jinfeng , Huang Yi , Xiao Xue , Liang Yushan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Research has shown that reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism (FAM) is involved in tumorigenicity and cancer progression, as well as the impact of tumor immune microenvironments (TME) on tumorigenesis, metastasis, and the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, no reliable molecular markers based on fatty acid metabolism have been identified to predict prognosis, immune infiltration, and treatment in HNSCC.Methods In the HNSCC samples of TCGA, we performed a consensus clustering algorithm to separate molecular subtypes. And then we established a risk model for prognosis with Cox regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The predictive efficacy of risk model was also verified by another HNSCC cohort from GEO.We also evaluated the risk score association with the clinicopathological features and explored differences of immune cell infiltration, immune status and chemotherapeutic drugs IC 50 value concentration between high and low risk subgroup.Results Three distinct fatty acid metabolism subtypes were identified among 494 HNSCC samples, which were also associated with different clinical outcomes, TME characteristics and clinical features. 9 prognosisrelated genes which were different expressed among three subgroups were screened out for prognostic signature. According to the risk score caculated by the signature genes, patients in TCGA cohort can be divided into high and low risk score subgroups. The low risk score subgroup patients displayed a better prognosis. Further analysis indicated that low risk score correlated with higher immune cells infiltration. In addition, patients with higher risk scores showed a better chemotherapy sensetivity of cisplatin and docetaxel.Conclusions We developed a signature capable of predicting prognosis, representing the TME, enhancing individualized therapy, and providing a novel immunotherapeutic marker in HNSCC.
On Equienergetic Graphs and Graph Energy of Some Standard Graphs with Self loops
Authors: Popat Kalpesh M. , Shingala Kunal R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Let $G_S$ be the graph of order $n$ and containing $\sigma$ self-loops. The energy $E(G_S)$ of graph $G_S$ is defined as $E(G_S)=\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^{n}\bigg\lvert\lambda_i-\dfrac{\sigma}{n}\bigg\rvert$, where $\lambda_1, \lambda_2, \dots, \lambda_n$ be the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G_S$. Two non-isomorphic graphs $G_1$ and $G_2$ of the same order are said to be equienergetic if they have same energy. The proposed research is an effort to expand the concept of equienergetic graphs from simple graphs to graphs having self-loops. In the present work, we have obtained a pair of equienergetic graphs and the energy of complete graphs as well as complete bipartite graphs with self loops.
Neural Network Architectures for Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Röder Lenard L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

State-of-the-art neural network architectures in image classification and natural language processing were applied to absorption spectroscopy applications by interpreting the data structure accordingly. A model was designed for temporal interpolation of background spectra and a different model was created for gas concentration fitting. The networks were trained on experimental data provided by a wavelength modulation spectroscopy instrument and the best performing architectures were analyzed further to evaluate generalization performance, robustness and transferability. A BERT-styled fitter achieved the best performance on the validation set and reduced the mean squared error of fitted amplitude by 99.5 %. A U-Net styled convolutional neural network reduced the mean squared error of the interpolation by 93.2 %. Evaluation on a test set provided evidence that the combination of model interpolation and linear fitting was robust and the detection limit was improved by 52.4 %. Transferring the trained models to a different spectrometer setup was tested and showed no chaotic out-of-distribution effects. Additional fine-tuning further helped increasing the performance of the transferred model.
Overall the proposed model architectures can be applied to spectroscopy tasks if the data structure is interpreted the right way and the pre-trained networks are robust and can be transferred to other spectrometer setups.
Barriers and Facilitators of 24-Hour Movement Behaviours in 3 to 4-year-old Children from Low-Income Families: A Study Protocol
Authors: Dalziell Andrew , Janssen Xanne 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study will evaluate the barriers and facilitators that families experience in adhering to the 24-Hour Movement behaviours guidelines as outlined by World Health Organisation (WHO). The study is a mixed-methods study and will recruit between 20 to 30 low-income families with children aged 3- to 4-years living in Scotland. For the quantitative part, children will be asked to wear an Actigraph (GT3X+) accelerometer to measure physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Parents/guardians will be asked to keep an activity diary outlining when their child has had to remove the device (i.e., showering, bathing, swimming) and record the child’s screen time each day. Once the data has been analysed, a unique activity profile chart will be sent out to each family illustrating their child’s 24-hour movement behaviours (i.e., time spent active, time spent sedentary and on screens, time spent sleeping). The activity profile will provide a day-by-day output as well as a weekly average for each of the 24-hour movement behaviours. Qualitative data will be collected using the Asynchronous Remote Communities method (ARC). The ARC involves participants completing activities using an online closed Facebook group. Parents/guardians of 3- to 4-year-old children will be asked to engage in group discussion tasks using the private and closed-group online platform (a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 8 families per discussion group). The quantitative data collated from the questionnaire and activity monitor will be presented through descriptive analysis and after the 6-week asynchronous process is complete, qualitative data will be collated and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive approach to thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2019).
Protocol for a scoping review of measures used in serious online games for people with cognitive impairment and dementia
Authors: Longley Verity , Opdebeeck Carol 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This is a protocol for a scoping literature review of measures used in serious online games for people with cognitive impairment and dementia. The aims of this scoping literature review are:
1. To identify the types of outcome measures used in serious online games for people with dementia and other forms of cognitive impairment
2. To characterise and describe use of outcome measures in serious online games for people with dementia and other forms of cognitive impairment