bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community pharmacies as a place for informal carer support in mental health and wellbeing
Authors: Richardson Charlotte Lucy , Black David , Lindsey Laura , Nazar Hamde 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere are 5.3 million informal carers in the United Kingdom who take on caring responsibilities for family and friends. Informal carers can be forgotten patients within health and care services, yet because of carer burden, they are at risk of deterioration in health and wellbeing. There are higher levels of anxiety, depression, burnout and low self-esteem amongst carers but, to our knowledge work to date has mainly focused on supporting carers to provide better care for their family member, and less on carers’ health and wellbeing. There is increasing interest in social prescribing as a method of linking patients with community-based services to improve health and wellbeing. Initiatives have included social prescribing via community pharmacies which are already recognized to be accessible for support and signposting. The coming together of community pharmacy services and social prescribing could represent a framework to better support carers in their mental health and wellbeing.
A Lifestyle Risk Reduction Model for Preventing High-Risk Substance Use Across the Lifespan
Authors: Dykstra Rita E. , Beadnell Blair , Rosengren David B. , Schumacher Julie A. , Daugherty Raymond 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile effective models of alcohol and drug prevention exist, they often focus solely on youth or young adults. This article describes the Lifestyle Risk Reduction Model (LRRM), an approach applicable across the lifespan. The intent behind the LRRM is to guide the development of prevention and treatment programs provided to individuals and small groups. The LRRM authors’ goals are to help individuals reduce risk for impairment, addiction, and substance use’s negative consequences. The LRRM identifies six key principles that conceptualize the development of substance-related problems by drawing parallels with health conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes, which often result from combined effects of biological risk and behavioral choices. The model also proposes five conditions that describe important steps for individuals as they progress toward greater perception of risk and lower risk behavior. One LRRM-based indicated prevention program (Prime For Life) shows positive results in cognitive outcomes and in impaired driving recidivism for people across the lifespan. The model emphasizes common elements across the lifespan, responds to contexts and challenges that change across the life course, complements other models, and is usable for universal, selective, and indicated prevention programs.
Insights into dry reforming of methane over nickel catalyst using a thermodynamic model
Authors: Rakhi  , Günther Vivien , Mauss Fabian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA thermodynamic model is developed using a one-dimensional model, LOGEcat to understand the dry reforming of methane over nickel-based catalysts. To do so, we have extended our previously developed mechanism (Rakhi and Shrestha in React Kinet, Mech Catal 135:3059–3083, 2022) which contains 21 reversible reactions by adding 5 more reversible reactions and updating the thermochemistry of one intermediate species. The adjusted mechanism contains 26 reversible reactions obtained with the help of thermodynamic analysis. This study focuses on using the thermodynamic model for dry reforming of methane and insights into the reaction pathways and sensitivity analysis for the kinetically consistent surface reaction mechanism. The applicability of the mechanism is examined for reactor conditions in terms of parameters such as temperature by comparing the results with the available reference data. The mechanism is able to accurately express the reforming conditions of methane over the nickel catalyst for complete range of temperature and also provide useful insights into the reaction pathways established with the thermodynamic model.
A Mathematical Study of Metal Biosorption on Algal–Bacterial Granular Biofilms
Authors: Russo Fabiana , Tenore Alberto , Mattei Maria Rosaria , Frunzo Luigi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA multiscale mathematical model describing the metals biosorption on algal–bacterial photogranules within a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is presented. The model is based on systems of partial differential equations (PDEs) derived from mass conservation principles on a spherical free boundary domain with radial symmetry. Hyperbolic PDEs account for the dynamics of sessile species and their free sorption sites, where metals are adsorbed. Parabolic PDEs govern the diffusion, conversion and adsorption of nutrients and metals. The dual effect of metals on photogranule ecology is also modelled: metal stimulates the production of EPS by sessile species and negatively affects the metabolic activities of microbial species. Accordingly, a stimulation term for EPS production and an inhibition term for metal are included in all microbial kinetics. The formation and evolution of the granule domain are governed by an ordinary differential equation with a vanishing initial value, accounting for microbial growth, attachment and detachment phenomena. The model is completed with systems of impulsive differential equations describing the evolution of dissolved substrates, metals, and planktonic and detached biomasses within the granular-based SBR. The model is integrated numerically to examine the role of the microbial species and EPS in the adsorption process, and the effect of metal concentration and adsorption properties of biofilm components on the metal removal. Numerical results show an accurate description of the photogranules evolution and ecology and confirm the applicability of algal–bacterial photogranule technology for metal-rich wastewater treatment.
Seed Quality and Variety Preferences Amongst Potato Farmers in North-Western Kenya: Lessons for the Adoption of New Varieties
Authors: Kwambai Thomas K. , Griffin Denis , Struik Paul C. , Stack Laura , Rono Selly , Brophy Caroline , Nyongesa Moses , Gorman Monica 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important commercialised food crop in Kenya. Recently, Kenya has realised a huge increase in the number of formally released potato varieties. The performance of these varieties is not clear and their adoption across various growing environments is low. This study explored how availability, access, quality and systems of seed and storability and market demand of potatoes influence farmers’ decisions on choice of varieties they grow and how they select seed for planting in the different seasons. Focus group discussions (83 farmers) and a household survey (225 farmers) were conducted in three major potato growing areas (Lelan, Saboti and Kaptama) in north-western Kenya. Results showed that farmers mainly used farm-saved seed and only 4.9% had used certified seed, while 71% indicated that certified seed was not available locally. Almost all farmers ensured they used healthy seed by visually examining the seed tubers while most farmers also examined the health of the crop in the field before harvest. Farmers renewed their seed depending on the number of cycles used, infection, decline in yield and availability of clean seed. Seed was usually renewed for up to after 5 years of recycling, and generally involved the varieties Shangi, Kabale and Arka. Farmers ranked five variety traits: tuber yield, disease resistance, market demand, early maturity and storability as most important in the choice of a variety. Farmers understood the importance of dormancy and had methods for managing dormancy, but their knowledge was biased to the few varieties they had, particularly Shangi, the predominant variety in the market. Despite agronomic attributes, market demand featured as a primary determinant of variety choice amongst farmers. The findings from this paper can guide use of seed, adoption of new varieties and future breeding of potato varieties for Kenya.
The Equilibrium α (Al-Li Solid Solution) and Metastable δ′ (Al3Li) Phase Boundaries in Aluminum–Lithium Alloys
Authors: Ardell Alan J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractData on the equilibrium solubilities of the α Al-Li solid solution phase and the ordered metastable δ′ Al3Li (L12 crystal structure) precipitate phase are critically reviewed, and a new binary alloy phase diagram is proposed. The δ′ solvus, describing the equilibrium solubility of Li in the α phase, Xαe, in atom fraction Li, is given by the equation $$X_{\alpha e} \, = \,0.{6}00{\text{86 exp}}\left\{ {{-}{8669}.{55}/{\text{R}}T} \right\},$$

X

α
e

=

0.600

86 exp

-
8669.55
/
R
T

,

where R is the gas constant, and the temperature T is in K. The α solvus, i.e. the equilibrium solubility of Li in the δ′ phase, Xδ′e, is given by the equation $$X_{\delta \prime e} \, = \,0.{18}0{9}\, + \,{6}.{413}\, \times \,{1}0^{{{-}{4}}} {{T}}{-}{1}.{861}\, \times \,{1}0^{{{-}{6}}} T^{{2}} \, + \,{1}.{4684}\, \times \,{1}0^{{{-}{9}}} T^{{3}} ,$$

X

δ
′
e

=

0.1809

+

6.413

×

1

0

-
4

T
-
1.861

×

1

0

-
6

T
2

+

1.4684

×

1

0

-
9

T
3

,

which represents a compromise between previously published theoretical curves that predict retrograde behavior. It is emphasized that that all the data cited and re-analyzed exclusively involve binary Al-Li alloys. The new phase diagram eliminates data that were previously mis-attributed. Most importantly, it is informed by considerable re-analysis of previously published data, supplemented by the inclusion of data that were not previously considered, and eschews data on both Xαe and Xδ′e that are indubitably non-equilibrium in nature.
The Role of MicroRNA in the Myocarditis: a Small Actor for a Great Role
Authors: Chimenti Cristina , Magnocavallo Michele , Vetta Giampaolo , Alfarano Maria , Manguso Giulia , Ajmone Francesco , Ballatore Federico , Costantino Jacopo , Ciaramella Piera , Severino Paolo , Miraldi Fabio , Lavalle Carlo , Vizza Carmine Dario 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium secondary to a variety of agents such as infectious pathogens, toxins, drugs, and autoimmune disorders. In our review, we provide an overview of miRNA biogenesis and their role in the etiology and pathogenesis of myocarditis, evaluating future directions for myocarditis management.

Recent Findings
Advances in genetic manipulation techniques allowed to demonstrate the important role of RNA fragments, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), in cardiovascular pathogenesis. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the post-transcriptional gene expression. Advances in molecular techniques allowed to identify miRNA’s role in pathogenesis of myocarditis.

Summary
miRNAs are related to viral infection, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, making them not only promising diagnostic markers but also prognostics and therapeutic targets in myocarditis. Of course, further real-world studies will be needed to assess the diagnostic accuracy and applicability of miRNA in the myocarditis diagnosis.
Iron-Related Genes and Proteins in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Detection and Therapy
Authors: Mehta Kosha J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are located in various tissues of the body. These cells exhibit regenerative and reparative properties, which makes them highly valuable for cell-based therapy. Despite this, majority of MSC-related studies remain to be translated for regular clinical use. This is partly because there are methodical challenges in pre-administration MSC labelling, post-administration detection and tracking of cells, and in retention of maximal therapeutic potential in-vivo. This calls for exploration of alternative or adjunctive approaches that would enable better detection of transplanted MSCs via non-invasive methods and enhance MSC therapeutic potential in-vivo. Interestingly, these attributes have been demonstrated by some iron-related genes and proteins.Accordingly, this unique forward-looking article integrates the apparently distinct fields of iron metabolism and MSC biology, and reviews the utility of iron-related genes and iron-related proteins in facilitating MSC detection and therapy, respectively. Effects of genetic overexpression of the iron-related proteins ferritin, transferrin receptor-1 and MagA in MSCs and their utilisation as reporter genes for improving MSC detection in-vivo are critically evaluated. In addition, the beneficial effects of the iron chelator deferoxamine and the iron-related proteins haem oxygenase-1, lipocalin-2, lactoferrin, bone morphogenetic protein-2 and hepcidin in enhancing MSC therapeutics are highlighted with the consequent intracellular alterations in MSCs. This review aims to inform both regenerative and translational medicine. It can aid in formulating better methodical approaches that will improve, complement, or provide alternatives to the current pre-transplantation MSC labelling procedures, and enhance MSC detection or augment the post-transplantation MSC therapeutic potential.
Graphical Abstract
Applicability of PROACTIVE recommendations on CBRNe risks and threats to passenger rail and metro sectors
Authors: Petersen Laura , Havârneanu Grigore M. , Arnold Andreas , Carbon Danielle , Görgen Thomas , Gavel Alan , Kroupa Tomáš , Kardel Daria 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPassenger rail and metro sectors are no stranger to malicious or unintentional Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and explosive (CBRNe) incidents. Over the last years, the EU H2020 Project PROACTIVE has developed recommendations based on a multimethodological approach which involved questionnaires, interviews and workshops with CBRNe practitioners and security experts. However, these recommendations are geared towards specialised first responders. With a particular focus on rail and metro, this paper examines the answers collected from railway and metro security experts during these research activities to see at which level the PROACTIVE recommendations are fit for these sectors. The results show that some of the generic PROACTIVE recommendations for first responders are already being applied. For example, the recommendations regarding inter-agency collaboration appear to already be put in place. In contrast, other recommendations such as the ones on crisis communication and the inclusion of vulnerable groups in preparedness actions could be applicable since important gaps are present. We discuss the major gaps and how they could be filled in the future.
$$B_{n}$$-Generalized Pseudo-Kähler Structures
Authors: Cortés Vicente , David Liana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe define the notions of$$B_{n}$$Bn-generalized pseudo-Hermitian and$$B_{n}$$Bn-generalized pseudo-Kähler structure on an odd exact Courant algebroidE. WhenEis in the standard form (or of type$$B_{n}$$Bn) we express these notions in terms of classical tensor fields on the base ofE. This is analogous to the bi-Hermitian viewpoint on generalized Kähler structures on exact Courant algebroids. We describe left-invariant$$B_{n}$$Bn-generalized pseudo-Kähler structures on Courant algebroids of type$$B_{n}$$Bnover Lie groups of dimension two, three and four.
A Systematic Review of Familiarisation Methods Used in Human–Robot Interactions for Autistic Participants
Authors: Wallbridge Christopher D. , McGregor Carly , Drozdz Natalia , von dem Hagen Elisabeth , Jones Catherine R. G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is a growing need for standardised familiarisation techniques within the human–robot interaction (HRI) community. This is particularly the case when considering autistic participants, who may have difficulties with the novelty and sensory stimulation associated with meeting a robot. Familiarisation techniques should be considered critical to research, both from an ethical perspective and to achieve research best practice, and are also important in applied settings. In the absence of standardised familiarisation protocols, we conducted a systematic review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to better understand the range of familiarisation methods used in studies of HRIs with autistic participants. We searched for papers from four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct. We identified 387 articles that involved HRIs with autistic participants. The majority did not mention a familiarisation phase (n = 285). A further 52 mentioned including familiarisation but without any description. 50 studies described their familiarisation. Based on a synthesis of these papers, we identified six familiarisation techniques that are commonly used. Using co-production techniques with the autistic community and other participant groups, future studies should validate and critically evaluate the approaches identified in this review. In order to help facilitate improved reporting and critical evaluation of familiarisation approaches across studies we have setup a familiarisation repository.
Glasses and Glass–Ceramics from Li2O-KF-TiO2-SiO2 System Doped with SiC
Authors: Hamzawy E. M. A. , El Batal H. A. , Azooz M. A. , El-Bassyouni G. T. , El Batal F. H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnfamiliar invert host silicate glass from the system SiO2-TiO2-KF-Li2O was prepared together with SiC doped samples by traditional melt-quenching technique. Collective characterization of the prepared glasses through FTIR, optical, thermal and microhardness properties were measured to justify the effect of silicon carbide (SiC) on the resultant data. Silicon carbide is selected because its known high mechanical and thermal properties and extended applications of SiC- containing candidates in several domains. Structural FTIR characterization of the prepared glasses reveals familiar silicate network in spite of their invert percent together with the suggested sharing of Si-Ti or Ti-Ti or fluoride units. Optical spectra show only distinct UV absorption with additional small peaks at 380–420 nm in high percent of SiC. Such UV spectra are assumed to originate from unavoidable traces of ferric ions contaminated within the raw materials used for the preparation of glasses. The known high thermal and mechanical properties of silicon carbide are identified to be reflected on the measured thermal expansion and Vickers microhardness data. Samples from the parent glasses were thermally heated to produce their corresponding glass-ceramic derivatives. X-ray diffraction analysis indicate the formation of the peculiar orlovite crystalline phase as a major one due to the presence of all the constituents within the chemical composition of the invert glass. Also, some minor crystalline phases of lithium silicate or lithium titanium silicate are identified. It is assumed that the presence of self-nucleation Li2O and high negatively charged fluoride anions beside the conditional oxide of TiO2 facilitate the ease of nucleation and crystallization of the formed crystalline phase. SEM results confirm the x-ray data showing different crystalline features with the addition of SiC.
Combining monthly wind and inflow uncertainties in the stochastic dual dynamic programming
Authors: Maceira Maria Elvira P. , Melo Albert C. G. , Pessanha José Francisco M. , Cruz Cristiane B. , Almeida Victor A. , Justino Thatiana C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFollowing a global trend, intermittent sources, especially wind, have been experiencing accelerated growth in Brazil—in the last decade, wind power grew 13 times and became the second largest source in the electricity mix (12%), just behind hydropower (60%). Currently, although following regulatory guidelines, the representation of wind power in the long-term operation planning model is done in a simplified way, based on the monthly average of the last five years of aggregated generation, thus demanding improvements. The objective of this work is to describe an approach to be used by the Brazilian power industry to represent the uncertainties of monthly wind power production in the SDDP algorithm applied in the long-term operation planning model, keeping the large-scale stochastic problem still computationally viable, when applied to large interconnected systems, especially with hydroelectric predominance. The proposed methodology comprises statistical clustering of wind regimes and definition of equivalent wind farms; evaluation of monthly transfer functions between wind speed and power production; integrated generation of monthly multivariate synthetic scenarios of inflows and winds, considering associated cross-correlations; and representing monthly wind power in the SDDP algorithm. The application to real configurations of the Brazilian interconnected system, including case studies related to the monthly operation program and the calculation of the maximum amount of energy that can be traded in long-term power purchase agreements, points to its effectiveness and the relevance of modeling the wind uncertainties in the long-term operation planning of large hydro-dominated systems.
RNF213 p.Arg4810Lys Wild Type is Associated with De Novo Hemorrhage in Asymptomatic Hemispheres with Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Torazawa Seiei , Miyawaki Satoru , Imai Hideaki , Hongo Hiroki , Ishigami Daiichiro , Shimizu Masahiro , Ono Hideaki , Shinya Yuki , Sato Daisuke , Sakai Yu , Umekawa Motoyuki , Kiyofuji Satoshi , Shimada Daisuke , Koizumi Satoshi , Komura Daisuke , Katoh Hiroto , Ishikawa Shumpei , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Teraoka Akira , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClinical implications of RNF213 genetic variants, other than p.Arg4810Lys, in moyamoya disease (MMD), remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of RNF213 variants with clinical phenotypes in MMD. This retrospective cohort study collected data regarding the clinical characteristics of 139 patients with MMD and evaluated the angioarchitectures of 253 hemispheres using digital subtraction angiography at diagnosis. All RNF213 exons were sequenced, and the associations of clinical characteristics and angiographical findings with p.Arg4810Lys, p.Ala4399Thr, and other rare variants (RVs) were examined. Among 139 patients, 100 (71.9%) had p.Arg4810Lys heterozygote (GA) and 39 (28.1%) had the wild type (GG). Fourteen RVs were identified and detetcted in 15/139 (10.8%) patients, and p.Ala4399Thr was detected in 17/139 (12.2%) patients. Hemispheres with GG and p.Ala4399Thr presented with significantly less ischemic events and more hemorrhagic events at diagnosis (p = 0.001 and p = 0.028, respectively). In asymptomatic hemispheres, those with GG were more susceptible to de novo hemorrhage than those with GA (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 5.36) with an increased risk when accompanied by p.Ala4399Thr or RVs (aHR 15.22 and 16.60, respectively). Within the choroidal anastomosis–positive hemispheres, GG exhibited a higher incidence of de novo hemorrhage than GA (p = 0.004). The GG of p. Arg4810Lys was a risk factor for de novo hemorrhage in asymptomatic MMD hemispheres. This risk increased with certain other variants and is observed in choroidal anastomosis–positive hemispheres. A comprehensive evaluation of RNF213 variants and angioarchitectures is essential for predicting the phenotype of asymptomatic hemispheres in MMD.