bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the prognostic features and immune landscape of exosome-related genes in breast cancer metastasis based on bioinformatics methods
Authors: Huang Guanyou , Yu Yong , Su Heng , Gan Hongchuan , Chu Liangzhao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BRCA) is a tumor with a poor prognosis and easy metastasis. Exosomes have been proven to be involved in cell-to-cell communication, cell migration, angiogenesis, and other processes and are closely related to the immune microenvironment of cancer. However, its role in BRCA metastasis is still unclear.
Methods
This paper attempted to explore the role of exosome-related genes in BRCA metastasis from the perspective of computational biology. We downloaded 1724 exosome-related genes from the ExoCarta database. And 810 samples of metastatic and non-metastatic BRCA were downloaded from the TCGA database. 600 samples with positive correlation with metastasis were screened by WGCNA analysis of differentially expressed genes. Furthermore, three genes (JUP, CAPZA1, and ARVCF) that are significantly related to prognosis were screened by single-factor Cox regression and LASSO-Cox regression, and a risk-scoring model related to metastasis was constructed. According to the median risk score, the samples were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group, and then the infiltration abundance and immune function of immune cells were analyzed by CIBERSORT and ssGSEA methods, respectively. In addition, we also evaluated the differences in immune escape and drug sensitivity between the high-risk group and the low-risk group by Tide and the oncoPredict package, respectively.
Results
We identified that the signature of three exosome-related genes was closely related to BRCA metastasis. There were significant differences in survival rate, immune cell infiltration, and immune function between the high-risk group and the low-risk group according to the risk score. It was worth noting that M0 and M1 macrophages play an important role in BRCA metastasis. Finally, this paper also found that there were significant differences in the sensitivity of the two groups to multiple drugs.
Conclusions
The risk model of exosome-related genes related to BRCA metastasis is closely related to immune cells and immune function during BRCA metastasis, which may be helpful in improving the immunotherapy of BRCA.
Intensity figures of merit of a metal-insulator-metal thin-film stack in the spatial and frequency domains
Authors: Raseev Georges 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Quality factors Q and figures of merit (FoM) are widely used to characterize the enhancement of a property of an observable mode or in optical sensing using plasmonic samples. We study a simple 1D metal-insulator-metal (MIM) planar thin-film stack sustaining surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and planar waveguide (PWG) modes. One evaluates the quality factors Q and the intensity FoM (IFoM) of the transmitted flux of modes of this MIM thin-film stack in the spatial and frequency domains. In the spatial domain, the observables are studied as a function of the in-plane wave vector kρ/k0 at a given frequency ω whereas in the frequency domain as a function of the frequency ω at a given in-plane wave vector kρ/k0. The quality factors Q and the IFoM of the MIM thin film stack in the spatial domain are at least six times larger than in the frequency domain (see Table 1). Compared with a conventional insulator-metal-insulator (IMI) thin film stack, the quality factor Q and the IFoM of a MIM stack are about 15 and 150 times larger in the spatial domain and only five times larger in both Q and IFoM in the frequency domain. As a general trend, the SPP mode is essential for the intensity enhancement in both MIM and IMI thin film stacks, but the SPP-PWG avoided crossing in MIM exalts this enhancement. In summary, this paper shows that it is most convenient to work in the spatial domain where the intensity is higher and leakage weaker giving a larger quality factor Q and IFoM. It also demonstrates that by optimizing the independent variables, namely the in-plane wave vector kρ/k0, and frequency ω, one can obtain Q and IFoM higher than in some 2D/3D nanoscale samples.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of ADC combination for triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Lu linlin , niu zihe , cao zhujun , fu chunping , shi yaqin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer. Standard treatment options for TNBC mainly involve surgery, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy. Such treatment, however, are linked to a high risk of relapses both locally and systemically. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have recently arisen as a useful and promising option for cancer treatment. ADCs, referred to as "biological missiles", are composed of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target the tumor antigens and deliver anticancer drugs as a payload. As of right now, several ADCs are undergoing clinical research around the world, including sacituzumab govitecan (SG) approved recently by the FDA for the treatment of TNBC. Due to the fact that only a small proportion of patients with TNBC respond to ADC therapy, and that drug resistance often occurs, growing evidence supports combination strategies using ADCs to treat TNBC. Herein, we described the current utilization of ADCs and discussed the prospect of combining ADCs with other therapies for treating TNBC.
Mitigative Role of Cysteamine Against Unilateral Renal Artery Occlusion-induced Reperfusion Injury via Inhibition of Aopp, p65nfkb, and Pro-apoptotic Caspase 3
Authors: ALABI Babatunde Adebola , NKU-EKPANG Okot-Asi Thomas , LAWAL Sodiq Kolawole , IWALEWA Olugbenga , OMOBOWALE Temidayo , AJIKE Richard , LAWAL Ridwan Abiodun , AFOLABI Oladele 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is unavoidable during kidney transplant and it is responsible for delayed or non-function after kidney transplantation. Cysteamine has been reported to possess activity against pathways of reperfusion injury. Thus, we designed this study to investigate its potential against renal reperfusion injury.Methods Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (seven rats per group): sham, IRI, IRI plus 50 mg/kg cysteamine treatment, and IRI with 50 mg/kg cysteamine treatment. The right renal artery was clamped without crushing to induce ischemia for 45 minutes and later sutured. After 30 minutes, the clamp was removed to induce reperfusion injury for 24 hours. Activities of protein thiol, H2O2, GPx, GSH, and MDA were estimated. The serum level of creatinine, AOPP, nitrite, MPO, TNF-α, and IL-1β was evaluated. The expression of p65NFkB and caspase 3 were assessed by immunohistological technique. The p < 0.05 indicate a significant resultResults Significant elevation of H2O2, MDA, and nitrite and reduced GPx, GSH, and protein thiol in the IRI rats was reversed by cysteamine (50 and 100 mg/kg). Serum MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, creatinine, and AOPP were significantly elevated in IRI while rats treated with cysteamine revealed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the activities of these pro-inflammatory and renal injury markers.Conclusion Based on its activity against inflammation, apoptosis, and free radical-induced stress, cysteamine has great potential of being used as a kidney transplant pre-operative drug to prevent renal reperfusion injury.
Composition and inter-species relationships within ant communities across differentially anthropized urban environments: a case study
Authors: Lanhoso Henrique , Ferreira-Châline Ronara , Pacheco Paulo , Teseo Serafino , Vieira Maria Eduarda Lima , Châline Nicolas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With urbanization increasing globally, conservation ecologists need to characterize the functioning of ecosystems embedded in urban landscapes. Ubiquitous and hyperdiverse, ants are an ideal model taxon for this purpose. Here we compared diversity, richness, and abundance of ants in a forest fragment and a green urban area within the City of São Paulo, characterizing relationships among ant species. We found higher species abundance and richness in the urban area, whereas diversity was greater in the secondary forest fragment. Transect sampling revealed higher heterogeneity in the more urban area, with a number of species not found in the secondary forest. Bait sampling suggested that, in the urban area, dominance of one or a few species was stronger than in the secondary forest, possibly because dominant species outnumbered other species at resources and behaved aggressively. We found that a limited number of species dominated in both the forest and the urban area. Although this study only relies on a limited sample size taken in relatively narrow geographic and climatic conditions, it suggests that ant community traits in urban environments vary depending on human-related disturbance.
Advanced Indoor CO2 Capture Technologies: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives
Authors: Yuan Junjie , Song Xueyi , Yang Xinyue , Yang Chen , Wang Yinxi , Deng Gaofeng , wang zhichao , Gao Jubao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The prevalence of indoor air pollution, primarily stemming from human activities, has led to increasing concerns regarding elevated CO2 concentrations in indoor environments. Prolonged exposure to such environments has been linked to reduced productivity, headaches, nausea, and more severe health risks, such as Sick Building Syndrome. Consequently, the development of efficient methods to reduce CO2 concentrations in indoor air is of utmost importance. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of cutting-edge indoor CO2 capture technologies, delving into the adsorption performance of solvents produced via various techniques. Our findings highlight the emergence of innovative materials that significantly enhance the indoor adsorption process; nevertheless, further investigation into reaction kinetics and stability remains imperative for continued progress. Among the methods assessed, Thermal Swing Adsorption and Wet Impregnation demonstrate superior suitability for indoor CO2 capture applications. Importantly, this review also emphasizes the potential of novel ventilation strategies, incorporating both internal ventilation and CO2 capture devices, to not only reduce indoor CO2 concentrations but also promote energy efficiency in buildings.
Impact of Multidisciplinary Care of Diabetic Foot Infections for Inpatients at Campbelltown Hospital
Authors: Choi Timothy , Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi , Tran Chau , Bulsari Krupali , Simmons David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Diabetic foot infection (DFI), including diabetic foot ulcer, is a serious complication of diabetes, particularly in the South Western Sydney (SWS) region where it is a leading cause of diabetes-related hospitalisations. Multidisciplinary team (MDT) involvement is effective at improving the health outcomes of DFI patients. This study investigated the impact of MDT (High Risk Foot Service, HRFS) on the length of stay and surgical outcomes of inpatients with DFI in a Sydney tertiary hospital.
Method: A retrospective audit of electronic medical records of inpatient admissions for DFI at Campbelltown Hospital between January 2019 - December 2021, was performed. The main outcome of the study was MDT involvement, defined as having two or more specialities involved in the patient’s treatment. The other measured variables included length of stay (defined as the total duration from admission to discharge), and surgical outcomes including debridement, minor amputation, and major amputation.
Results: Over the three years, 78 participants presented to the hospital for 89 unique DFI admissions. There were 24 admissions in 2019, 28 admissions in 2020, and 37 admissions in 2021, with MDT attendance showing a steady increase at 62.5%, 75.0% and 83.8% respectively. Patients with serious comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease were more likely to have MDT involvement (84.8% vs 15.2%, P=0.048). Imaging was more likely to be performed with MDT involvement (78.8% vs 21.3%, p<0.05). Comparing patients who received and did not receive MDT care, the median length of stay was 7.8, IQR 15.0 days vs 4.8 IQR 7.9 days (P=0.243) and rate of surgical outcomes was 74.6% vs 72.7%, p=0.262). Patients who required major amputation had significantly longer length of stay than those who had conservative intervention (24 days, IQR 21.5 vs 5.2 days, IQR 13.0, P=0.004).
Conclusion: Adopting an MDT approach was associated with more thorough investigation of DFI, with similar rates of surgical outcomes. Further research on the impacts of MDT on length of stay and surgical outcomes of DFI patients in other SWS hospitals is needed.
Accurate inverse design for high-efficiency and broadband terahertz devices by co-simulation with genetic algorithms
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhang Junyao , Cui Chaowei , Wang Baozhu , yang Lin , Wu Ruihong , Zhang Xiuqing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Terahertz (THz) waves have become a research hotspot in recent years due to their unique advantages, and metasurface-based devices in the terahertz band have outstanding practical applications as the core for the development of terahertz science and technology. However, with the increasing complexity of the metasurface structures, the design methods have become more and more difficult, which hinders the further practical application of terahertz metasurface devices. In this study, we combined MATLAB with the rigorous electromagnetic field simulation software CST (Computer Simulation Technology) to perform a co-simulation method for the design of high-efficiency and broadband THz metasurface devices. In the proposed design method, genetic algorithm (GA) is embedded to realize automatic and inverse design. Aiming to the different requirements of high-efficiency and broadband THz metasurface devices, different objective functions are set to optimize the design of different types of THz metasurface devices. As proofs-of-concept demonstration, three types of high efficiency and broadband THz metasurface devices have been designed by this method, including absorber, polarization convertor and frequency filter. After optimization by GA, we obtained dual metasurface absorber with absorbance of 90% in the range of 0.49 ~ 3.68 THz. The low-pass filter exhibits good filter property, and the polarization converter has a polarization conversion ratio (PCR) greater than 90% in the range of 0.69 ~ 1.52 THz. Based on the rigorous electromagnetic simulation and genetic algorithm, the proposed design method can realize automatic and inverse design with high reliability, compared to the theoretical model based on catenary e-field theory. This study provides an important guiding role and an efficient method for designing and optimizing required metasurface devices with practical applied value.
Association between serum uric acid and age and the prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with psychiatric disorders: A cross-section study
Authors: Yang Guodong , Zhou Shuang , Feng Yue , Lang Jiaran , Ren Huipeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective：The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and the relationship between the Serum uric acid (SUA) and age in hospitalized patients with psychiatric disorders.
Methods：This is a cross-sectional evaluation of a cohort of 1761 patients with psychopath of hospitalized (665 males and 1096 females). In addition, based on age, the participants are stratified into three groups. The authors used Kruskal-Wallis tests, chi-square tests，and multiple linear logistic regression to verify the SUA level and age among hospitalized psychopath.
Results：Overall, the estimated prevalence of HUA was 35.4%. The prevalence of HUA was significantly higher in individuals with 17years and under, as compared to those with 45 years and above (40.5% vs. 24.9%, respectively, P < 0.001). No adjusting，the 17years and under was associated with HUA (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.57-2.71). Further adjusted for potential confounders, the 17years and under was still significantly associated with HUA (adjusted OR 6.85; 95% CI 4.79-9.80). Moreover, the association between the age and HUA was stronger in men. SUA is not proportional to age，Body Mass Index, Triglyceride，Total Cholesterol , Blood pressure.
Conclusion：Smooth curve fitting indicated the existence of a non-linear relationship between SUA and age. Age is a protective factor for SUA in hospitalized patients with psychiatric disorders.
Targeting DRP1 mediated mitochondrial metabolism as a novel treatment strategy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)
Authors: Wang Yuechen , Harada-Shoji Narumi , Kitamura Narufumi , Yamazaki Yuto , Ebata Akiko , Amari Masakazu , Watanabe Mika , Miyashita Minoru , Tada Hiroshi , Abe Takaaki , Suzuki Takashi , Gonda Kohsuke , Ishida Takanori 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most heterogeneous type of breast cancer, has a high risk of recurrence and a shorter overall survival compared to the other subtypes. The ability of mitochondria to flexibly adapt to their microenvironment makes them crucial tumorigenesis mediators. in this study, we explored the role of mitochondrial dynamics in TNBC drug resistance and tumorigenesis.Methods The doxorubicin sensitivity of TNBC cell lines HCC38 and MDA-MB-231, as well as luminal cell line MCF-7, was determined using the Wst-8 test. Confocal microscopy and FACS were used to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔφM), mitophagy, and ROS generation of HCC38 and MDA-MB-231. Agilent Seahorse XF Analyzers measured metabolic characteristics of HCC38, MDA-MB 231and MCF-7. DRP1, Parkin, and p62 immunohistochemistry staining were performed by using both core needle biopsy samples and the samples removed at the surgery of 108 primary breast cancer patients who underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).Results MDA-MB-231, a doxorubicin resistant TNBC cell line, reduced ΔφM and enhanced mitophagy to maintain ROS production with OXPHOS-based metabolism. HCC38, a cell sensitive to doxorubicin, showed no change in ΔφM and mitophagy, with glycolysis as the primary metabolic characteristic and an uncontrolled rise in ROS production. Clinicopathological studies have found that DRP1 before NAC (pre-DRP1) was highly expressed in TNBC and groups with KI67 greater than 20% (p = 0.009, 0.016). Parkin was also highly expressed in HR- and high KI67 groups (p = 0.013 and 0.005) and the expression of p62 was higher only in high Ki67 groups (p = 0.003). There was a trend in the non-pCR group for DRP1 to decrease and p62 to increase after treatment, although the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion Our findings showed that mitophagy, in association with OXPHOS metabolism, promoted chemotherapy resistance and tumor growth in TNBC. The lack of effective therapeutic options for patients with TNBC remains a major challenge, therefore, targeting unique mitochondria metabolic signatures within tumor cells can potentially offer another therapeutic strategy for this highly aggressive disease.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or Vitamin D in Autism Spectrum Disorders ：A Systematic Review
Authors: Jiang Yuwei , Dang Wenjun , Nie Hong , Kong Xiangying , Jiang Zhimei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This systematic review aims to offer an updated understanding of the relationship between omega-3 supplementation and/or vitamin D and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Vip, CNKI, Wanfang, China Biomedical Database databases were searched using keywords, and relevant literature was hand-searched. Papers (n = 1151) were systematically screened and deemed eligible since 2002. Twenty clinical controlled studies were included in the final review. The findings were analysed for intervention effects focusing on the core symptoms of ASD, included social functioning, behavioural functioning, speech function and biomarkers changes. The review found that the effects of omega-3 supplementation on ASD were too weak to conclude that core symptoms were alleviated. Vitamin D supplementation improved core symptoms, particularly behavioural functioning. omega-3 and vitamin D supplementation combined had a good effect on people with ASD, with significant improvements in social and behavioural outcomes.
Supply chain challenges of personal protective equipment, and methods of mitigation amidst COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study from Sri Lanka, a developing country in South East Asia
Authors: Talagala Ishanka Ayeshwari , Kodithuwakku Keerthi Mahesh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Personal Protective equipment (PPE) are essential for healthcare workers to prevent the disease spread. With COVID-19 pandemic, although demand for PPE increased, its supply chain was adversely affected. This case-study describes the supply chain challenges of PPE and mitigation measures during COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka, a developing country in South East Asia.Methods In-depth interviews were conducted among officials (N = 14), who were directly involved with PPE procurement to the Health Ministry of Sri Lanka, at the Medical Supplies Division, State Ministry of Production Supply and Regulation of Pharmaceuticals and State Pharmaceutical Corporation. Study sample was collected until data saturation. A semi-structured interviewer guide was used to assess the PPE supply chain challenges and mitigation measures undertaken by Sri Lanka, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thematic analysis was done.Results It was revealed that the preparation for an un-interrupted PPE supply prior to pandemic hitting the country was unsatisfactory. High cost; unavailability of certified suppliers; unavailability of PPE globally and locally; lack of raw materials; quality failure; delays in procurement procedure; increased demand and its dynamicity; and lack of funds challenged the PPE supply chain. Intergovernmental negotiations; encouraging local production; purchasing from local suppliers; issuing guidelines for PPE usage; and obtaining support from development partners/INGOs were the mitigation strategies that were undertaken.Conclusions Sri Lanka, as a country with limited resources, has faced several PPE supply chain challenges during the pandemic. Policy makers need to undertake measures to improve the readiness prior to similar disasters in the future. In addition, encouraging local PPE production, establishing quality assurance mechanisms, development of relevant guidelines and improving staff capacity on the procurement process are recommended to face disasters of such caliber in the future.