bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescribed Performance Asymptotic Tracking Control for Uncertain Non‐Linear Systems With Full‐State Constraints and Input Saturation
Authors: Wu Xiaorui , Shen Naijun , Gao Yang , Ma Jiali , Qian Chen , Chen Qingwei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, an extension of asymptotic tracking control is proposed for a class of high‐order uncertain non‐linear systems that consider prescribed performance, state constraints, and input saturation. To address the conflict between prescribed performance boundaries, input saturation, and full‐state constraints, a novel adaptive tube‐based prescribed performance boundary and a new barrier Lyapunov function are introduced. By integrating adaptive control and backstepping techniques, an adaptive neural network controller is developed. The incorporation of command filtering techniques helps avoid the “feasibility assumptions” of the virtual controller and the “computational complexity” issues arising from backstepping techniques. Additionally, two auxiliary systems are introduced to compensate for filtering errors and mitigate errors induced by input saturation. Stability analysis demonstrates that all signals are bounded, the tracking error converges asymptotically under prescribed performance constraints, and no violations of state constraints occur. Through comparative simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated.
Improving the Measures of Phonological Ability in the Russian Language: IRT and CART Modeling Application
Authors: Markov Ilia V. , Kharitonova Ksenia S. , Grigorenko Elena L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhonological awareness and phonological working memory are essential for successful language acquisition and development of literacy. Although this essence is language‐universal, its degree varies for different languages, depending, in part, on language transparency. The current study analyzes the adapted versions of the pseudoword repetition test (assessing phonological working memory) and Rosner's Auditory Segmentation test (assessing phonological awareness) in a typically developing Russian native sample of children (n = 502). As a preparatory step to item analysis, we investigated the effects of grade and gender on performance using a mixed effects model. The initial item analysis was carried out using model comparison within the Item Response Theory model framework and threshold/slope analysis. The majority of the items in both assessments did not differentiate between students with different levels of phonological ability. Further item selection using regression tree models led to the formation of predictive and non‐predictive item subsets for each assessment. After comparing the item subsets on various linguistic metrics, the differences were found in number of syllables and subsyllabic complexity for the pseudoword repetition test and elision segment position for the auditory segmentation test. The findings inform test development strategies in the cases of extremely low difficulty/discrimination of the items and outline a blueprint of pseudoword repetition and auditory segmentation test's adaptation for potentially detecting higher levels of phonological ability in transparent languages such as Russian.
Contribution of Topic Background Knowledge to Language Learning Outcomes through Parent–child Dialogic Reading
Authors: Dong Yang , Chow Bonnie Wing‐Yin , Xia Gelin , Mo Jianhong , Dong Hang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe article explored the impact of topic background knowledge (TBK) on children's language ability development and reading‐related emotional factors. TBK refers to the foundational knowledge that children possess concerning a specific subject or topic. The content schemata theory suggests that a high level of TBK facilitates information processing during reading activities, benefiting language learning outcomes, fostering reading interest, and reducing reading anxiety. The current study used experts' evaluation of TBK levels that children might have towards books, children's key cue predictions, eye‐tracking indicators, and topic‐related knowledge test to select low‐level TBK books that children had. A total of 346 kindergarteners and their parents were selected and randomly divided into four groups across TBK levels (high level vs. low level) that children had in selected books, and the parent–child interactive reading approach [Dialogic reading (DR) vs. Typical reading (TR)]. This study enhanced children TBK through pre‐learning activities which provided relevant information related to the target book content. The high‐level TBK children received relevant knowledge pre‐learning activities towards books used in formal reading intervention, while low‐level TBK children received irrelevant knowledge pre‐learning activities to counterbalance. The children were pretested on their receptive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, listening comprehension, reading interest, and reading anxiety. After an eight‐week intervention, a posttest was administered to assess the same measures. The results showed that both TBK and parent–child interactive reading approach enhanced children's language development via book reading activities. Furthermore, a pre‐learning activity is an appropriate approach to enhance the level of TBK. This study extended the application of the content schemata theory in parent–child reading activities and highlighted the importance of TBK in parent–child reading.
Laser Terminals on CubeSats: Developments for Telecommunications and Quantum Links
Authors: Roubal Christian , Dolejsky Till , Rödiger Benjamin , Rein Fabian , Rosano Nonay Jorge , Rüddenklau René , Papadopoulos Christos , Schmidt Christopher , Moll Florian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSatellite‐based laser communication is an emerging technology that is finding its way from research to industry. Compared to radio frequency (RF) systems, it has a more efficient size, weight, and power budget and, furthermore, is license free. The required space laser terminals can be designed in different sizes, depending on the mission needs. Data rate requirements range from CubeSats with Mb/s to large satellites with Gb/s data rates and sometimes even Tb/s. This enables, for example, the use of high‐resolution imagers even in CubeSats or mega‐constellation networks with high‐rate intersatellite links. Space laser terminals are also necessary for satellite‐based Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which is increasingly important for the development of future quantum‐safe networks. In contrast to classical optical links for data transmission, link budget constraints cannot be overcome by simply amplifying the power, but the end‐to‐end loss needs to be minimized. This is possible with high antenna gains defined by the transmit and receive optics size. Therefore, the optics size of the laser terminal is one of the most important parameters. Building optical terminals with large apertures for use in space is expensive and requires at least a small satellite platform, increasing the cost of development and launch. The New Space approach using a CubeSat platform is a cost‐effective alternative because many components can be selected off‐the‐shelf. This paper reviews developments of laser communication terminals for CubeSats in space to ground and intersatellite scenarios with applications in quantum communications and telecommunications. The systems are selected with respect to clear space deployment, and their core parameters are compared. Special focus and detailed insight are given for the development OSIRIS4CubeSat (O4C).
The Future of MXenes: Exploring Oxidative Degradation Pathways and Coping with Surface/Edge Passivation Approach
Authors: Khalid Zubair , Hadi Farhan , Xie Jing , Chandrabose Vidya , Oh Jae‐Min 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe MXene, which is usually transition metal carbide, nitride, and carbonitride, is one of the emerging family of 2D materials, exhibiting considerable potential across various research areas. Despite theoretical versatility, practical application of MXene is prohibited due to its spontaneous oxidative degradation. This review meticulously discusses the factors influencing the oxidation of MXenes, considering both thermodynamic and kinetic point of view. The potential mechanisms of oxidation are systematically introduced, based on experimental and theoretical models. Typically, the surfaces and edges of MXenes are susceptible to oxidation, as the surface terminal groups are easily attacked by oxygen and water molecules, ultimately leading to structural deformation. To retard oxidative degradation, ligand mediated surface/edge passivation is suggested as a promising strategy. In this regard, detailed passivation strategies for MXenes are systematically explained based on the types of chemistry at the MXene‐ligand interface—covalent bonding, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding—and the type of stabilizing moieties—organic, inorganic, biomolecules, and polymers. The retardation of oxidation is discussed in relation with the interaction type and passivating moiety. This review aims to catalyze future research to identify efficient and cost‐effective ligands for the surface engineering of MXenes, enhancing their oxidation stability.
Beyond Tradition: A MOF‐On‐MOF Cascade Z‐Scheme Heterostructure for Augmented CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Jin Ruipeng , Li Rui , Ma Ming‐Li , Chen Da‐Yu , Zhang Jian‐Yu , Xie Zheng‐He , Ding Li‐Feng , Xie Yabo , Li Jian‐Rong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are rigorously investigated as promising candidates for CO2 capture and conversion. MOF‐on‐MOF heterostructures integrate bolstered charger carrier separation with the intrinsic advantages of MOF components, exhibiting immense potential to substantially escalate the efficiency of photocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR). However, the structural and compositional complexity poses significant challenges to the controllable development of these heterostructures. Herein, a conventional MOF‐on‐MOF nanocomposite is readily optimized from a type II heterojunction to a state‐of‐the‐art cascade Z‐scheme configuration via the encapsulation of Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs), establishing synergistic MOF‐MOF and metal‐MOF heterojunctions with reinforced built‐in electric field. A cascade electron flow is thus propelled, vigorously separating the photogenerated charge carriers and profoundly extending their lifetimes. Collectively, the photocatalytic activity of the cascade Z‐scheme is drastically promoted, exhibiting a nearly quintuple enhancement in the CO production rate over the original type II heterostructure. Moreover, the anti‐sintering capacity of the developed nanocomposite is unveiled, elucidating its simultaneously improved activity and stability. These findings present unprecedented regulation over the configuration of a MOF‐on‐MOF heterojunction, substantially enriching the fundamental understanding and rational design strategies of composite materials.
Phase Coexistence Induced Giant Dielectric Tunability and Electromechanical Response in PbZrO3 Epitaxial Thin Films
Authors: Zhang Wanli , Mou Xinpeng , Ma Yunpeng , Zheng Yi , Wang Sixu , Shu Liang , Du Ziwan , Deng Chenguang , Yang Qiong , Yu Rong , Li Jing‐Feng , Li Qian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPbZrO3 (PZO) thin films, as a classic antiferroelectric material, have attracted tremendous attention for their excellent dielectric, electromechanical, and thermal switching performances. However, several fundamental questions remain unresolved, particularly the existence of an intermediate phase during the transition from the antiferroelectric (AFE) to ferroelectric (FE) state. Here, a phase coexistence configuration of an orthorhombic AFE phase and a tetragonal‐like (T‐like) phase is reported in epitaxial antiferroelectric PZO thin films, with thickness ranging from 16 to 110 nm. This configuration is evidenced both macroscopically by distinct shoulder‐cape‐shaped dielectric behavior and microscopically through scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analysis. Remarkably, a 49 nm PZO film achieves an ultrahigh dielectric tunability of 90.1%, while a 59 nm film exhibits significant electromechanical strain of 0.66%. Microscopically, HAADF‐STEM reveals the presence of the intermediate phase with a dipole arrangement of vertically diagonal up‐up‐down‐down pattern, and first‐principles calculations further confirm the role of this intermediate phase during AFE‐to‐FE phase transition, which is responsible for the unusual dielectric peaks of ɛr‐E curves. These findings not only enhance the understanding of phase transition in antiferroelectric materials but also exhibit great potential for high‐performance tunable and nano‐electromechanical device applications.
Efficient Photocatalytic Water Purification Through Novel Janus‐Nanomicelles with Long‐Lived Charge Separation Properties
Authors: Gao Jin , Yang Liu‐Jun , Wang Guan , Xie Chen‐Fan , Yin Han , Li Hua , Lu Jian‐Mei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough the design of photocatalysts incorporating donor–acceptor units has garnered significant attention for its potential to enhance the efficiency of the photocatalysis process, the primary bottleneck lies in the challenge of generating long‐lived charge separation states during exciton separation. Therefore, a novel Janus‐nanomicelles photocatalyst is developed using carbazole (Cz) as the donor unit, perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxydiimide (PDI) with long‐excited state as the acceptor unit and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the hydrophilic segment through ROMP polymerization. After optimizing the ratio, Cz19‐PDI18‐PEG10 rapidly adsorbs bisphenol A (BPA) within 10 s through π–π interaction, hydrogen‐bonding interaction, and hydrophobic interaction between BPA and hydrophobic blocks when exposed to aqueous humor and efficiently photodegrades BPA (50 ppm) within 120 min for water purification purposes due to its long‐lived charge separation state and achieving the highest reported efficiency so far. Mechanistic studies have shown that this excellent performance of Cz19‐PDI18‐PEG10 can be attributed to synergistic interactions between highly efficient adsorption capacity and long‐lived charge separation states during photocatalysis. This novel Janus‐nanomicelles design strategy holds promise as an effective candidate for water purification.
Enhancing CNNs With Detail Feature Module for High‐Pixel Image Classification
Authors: Qin Shanshan , Wang Shuoyue , Zang Jinhao , Yuan Pei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn the realm of advanced photographic technology, high‐pixel images offer visual clarity but also present significant challenges to computer vision due to their complex textures and structural details. These high‐pixel images necessitate the development of sophisticated algorithms for image feature extraction to improve classification accuracy. Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) exhibit powerful capacities for extracting features of images, they lead to rapidly increasing computations. To enhance the efficiency of CNNs, this study proposes a detail feature module (DFM) that employs a spatial attention mechanism (SAM), high‐dimensional weight assignment (HWA), and a feature fusion module (FFM). The DFM can be generally embedded into CNNs, say, residual networks (ResNet) or lightweight ShuffleNets, augmenting the network's ability to capture and retain detailed features by assigning weights from high‐dimensional features to low‐dimensional ones. We carry out experiments on images with varying pixels to assess the effectiveness of the DFM. The comparative and ablation experiments demonstrate that the integration of DFM enhances the classification performance of ResNets and ShuffleNets, with particularly notable improvements in the lightweight ShuffleNets. The DFM proves its generalizability within CNNs and enhanced capability to extract features, underscoring its potential impact on improving the classification tasks in complex imaging environments.
Development of Biodegradable Films Based on Natural Extract From the Waste: Corn‐Husk Derived Materials and Saffron Corm Starch
Authors: Sharayei Parvin , Niazmand Razieh , Sabeghi Yeganeh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to develop biodegradable films with active properties by incorporating polyphenol‐rich waste corn lignin (CL) as antioxidants and blending it with saffron corm starch (SCS) using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, derived from corn waste), or polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) as the matrix. The physicochemical and functional characteristics of the films were evaluated. The analysis of infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of interactions between the hydroxyl groups of SCS and the hydroxyl groups of PVOH, CMC, and CL. The results indicated that the concentrations of CMC and PVOH had a more significant effect on the physicochemical and functional characteristics of the films compared to the concentration of CL. Increasing CMC and PVOH concentrations resulted in notable improvements. The films became thicker, with a maximum increase of 0.7 mm. The tensile strength (TS) and radical scavenging activity (RSA) also experienced significant enhancements, with magnifications of 2.20 and 1.60 times, respectively. The relative solubility decreased by approximately 0.7 times, and the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the composite films was notably reduced by 1.47 units. The optimal conditions based on both individual and combinations of all process variables were 20% CMC and 0.3% lignin for SCS‐CMC films, and 20% PVOH and 0.257% lignin for SCS‐PVOH films. It was observed that the CMC‐SCS films experienced significant degradation above 90%. By utilizing corn lignin and saffron corm waste, sustainable and eco‐friendly solutions can be provided in food packaging.
Metastatic intrigue: Penile involvement in prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation—A case report
Authors: Mete Uttam Kumar , Bhardwaj Neha , Srinivasan Radhika , Deshpande Rohit Sanjay 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundNeuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate is a rare tumor subtype found in the spectrum of prostate cancer, and is more difficult to detect, due to the low prostate‐specific antigen values associated with it. A high degree of suspicion is hence needed to arrive at the diagnosis in such cases. Even rarer is the presentation of this subtype with metastasis to the penis.Case PresentationA 61‐year‐old South Asian gentleman presented with a penile swelling which, on evaluation with prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography‐computed tomography and fine‐needle aspiration cytology, turned out to be metastatic involvement from neuroendocrine‐prostate cancer. The patient received a combination of pelvic radiotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and chemotherapy which led to a resolution in the penile lump, but subsequent rapid renal metastasis ensued and second‐line chemotherapy was instituted.ConclusionOur case illustrates an extraordinary presentation of neuroendocrine prostate cancer with penile metastasis and urinary retention, showcasing the efficacy of radiotherapy and ADT, but also rapid progression to the viscera, underscoring the complexity of this malignancy.
Ovine Toxoplasmosis Sero‐Status, Risk Factors Analysis, and Estimation of Haematological and Serum Biochemical Alterations
Authors: Hassan Abdullah Shadan , Othman Dyary Hiewa , Ismael Dana Omer , Hasanvand Mohamad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTToxoplasmosis is a significant food‐borne protozoal disease in humans and animals. The study aimed to find out Toxoplasma seropositivity in sheep, estimate epidemiological risk factors and assess haemato‐biochemical parameter changes. Blood samples were collected from 276 indigenous sheep in five districts surrounding Sulaymaniyah Province in the northern region of Iraq. Toxoplasmosis was determined by detecting anti‐Toxoplasma antibodies by ELISA. The impact of various risk factors on seropositivity was evaluated. Haematological and serum biochemical changes from naturally infected sheep were analysed using commercial kits. The overall seroprevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies among the studied population was 41.67%. Sharazoor district had a higher prevalence rate of 46.15% than Bakrajo, with the lowest frequency rate of 38.18%. Ewes with an abortion history had a higher risk for seropositivity of about 47.4% (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 0.9–1.6). Sampling season and herd size are other risk factors, with higher seropositivity at 42.5% (OR = 1.1, 95% CI: 0.8–1.4) during the dry season and among small flocks ≤ 100 animals/farm at 43.6% (OR = 1.1, 95% CI: 0.7–1.4). Toxoplasma prevalence was correlated with animals' ages; a higher seropositivity of 43.3% was found among older sheep (OR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.6–1.2). Seropositive sheep had significantly higher total leukocyte, lymphocyte and granulocyte counts but significantly lower haemoglobin, haematocrit and total erythrocyte counts. The serum levels of total protein and albumin were significantly reduced, with increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations. Also, AST enzyme activity represents a higher value in positive sheep with toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasma infection among the ovine population is common. Its impact on livestock productivity should not be neglected. A potential risk for humans through infected sheep could be a hazardous source for public health.
Role of Industrial Artificial Intelligence in Advancing Human-Centric Sustainable Development of Industry 5.0
Authors: Enose Kamalabai Nampuraja , Hannola Lea , Donoghue Ilkka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) promised to fundamentally change the industry in terms of its value creation in a sustainably responsible manner, its focus has largely been confined to technology adoption. It thereby focuses less on the original principles of sustainability, prompting industries worldwide to broaden their focus beyond productivity and profitability and achieve sustainable outcomes. The recent paradigm shifts have only brought to light the limits of such a techno-centric approach. The industry, therefore, acknowledges the necessity for a course correction, stimulating deliberations on the concepts of “Industry 5.0” and “Society 5.0,” underlining the real need to move beyond a technology-only purview, seeking to balance economics with social and environmental performance. Achieving this balance requires adaptation of the traditional linear model to a circular operational model while harnessing the foundational principles of Industry 4.0 to reflect changes through a circularly interconnected perspective. This shift involves advancing mutual cognitive coordination between humans and intelligent systems (cyber-physical systems), fostering resilience, sustainability, and a human-centric approach to technological development and implementation. This embodies the essence of Industry 5.0, a future evolution where human creativity collaborates alongside efficient, intelligent, and accurate machines, in the transition to a value-centric paradigm. While a standard approach to embedding these complexities is still developing, Industry 5.0 advocates using artificial intelligence (AI) as the backbone to transform human–machine interaction into a collaborative cognitive system. Together, they can drive a human-centric sustainable development within the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.