bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PELANGGARAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM SINIAR WARUNG KOPI DI KANAL YOUTUBE HAS CREATIVE
Authors: Muhammad Nur Ihsan  , Moh. Fatah Yasin  , Noor Cahaya  
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk dan fungsi pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama dalam siniar warung kopi di kanal “youtube” has creative. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini, yaitu simak dan catat. Data pada penelitian ini berupa tuturan yang mengandung pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama yang terjadi dalam siniar warung kopi. Sumber data dari penelitian ini didapat dari tautan video yang berasal dari situs youtube. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama yang dikategorikan ke dalam empat bentuk pelanggaran maksim yaitu maksim kuantitas, maksim kualitas, maksim relevansi, dan maksim cara. Hasil penelitian ini juga menemukan fungsi pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama yang terdiri dari fungsi memperjelas informasi, memunculkan implikatur, membuat kelucuan, mencairkan suasana, dan menutupi rasa malu.

This study aims to describe the forms and functions of violations of the principle of cooperation in warung kopi podcasts on the has creative youtube channel. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The data collection technique for this research is to observe and record. The data in this study are in the form of utterances that contain violations of the cooperative principle that occur in podcast warung kopi. The source of the data for this study was obtained from the video link from the following YouTube site. The results of this study found violations of the principle of cooperation which were categorized into four forms of flouting maxims, namely the maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relevance, and maxim of manner. The results of this study also found that the function of violating the principle of cooperation consists of clarifying information, raising implicatures, making jokes, breaking the ice, and covering up embarrassment.
EKOLOGI BUDAYA DAYAK BENUAQ DALAM NOVEL “API, AWAN, ASAP” KARYA KORRIE LAYUN RAMPAN
Authors: Hidayah Tullah  , Dewi Alfianti  , Faradina  
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan unsur-unsur budaya yang hadir dalam novel Api, Awan, Asap Karya Korrie Layun Rampan. Hal ini dikarenakan sastra lingkungan dan kebudayaan adalah sesuatu yang tidak dapat dipisahkan keberadaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ekologi budaya dengan metode deskripsi-kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah novel “Api, Awan, Asap” Karya Korrie Layun Rampan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik studi pustaka. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah dengan mendeskripsikan unsur-unsur budaya yang hadir dalam novel “Api, Awan, Asap” Karya Korrie Layun Rampan. Sementara itu, dalam novel Api, Awan, Asap Karya Korrie Layun Rampan masyarakat Dayak Benuaq menganggap alam memiliki jiwa dan merupakan sebagian dari diri mereka. oleh karena itu, hubungan alam dengan kebudayaan masyarakat Dayak Benuaq saling berkaitan, masyarakat Dayak Benuaq menjaga serta merawat alam mereka sesuai dengan ajaran dari leluhur.

This study aims to describe the cultural elements present in the novel Api, Awan, Asap by Korrie Layun Rampan. This is because environmental literature and culture are something that cannot be separated. This study uses a cultural ecology approach with a descriptive-qualitative method. The data source used is the novel "Fire, Clouds, Smoke" by Korrie Layun Rampan. This research uses literature study technique. The analysis was carried out by describing the cultural elements present in the novel "Fire, Clouds, Smoke" by Korrie Layun Rampan. Meanwhile, in the novel Api, Awan, Asap by Korrie Layun Rampan, the Benuaq Dayak people think that nature has a soul and is a part of themselves. Therefore, the natural relationship with the culture of the Benuaq Dayak people is interrelated, the Benuaq Dayak people protect and care for their nature according to the teachings of their ancestors.
PEMBELAJARAN MENENTUKAN FAKTA DAN OPINI MENGGUNAKAN SURAT KABAR DIGITAL "KALIMANTAN POST" PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XII SMAN 4 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Aulya Rachmadia Mayta Putri  , Zulkifli  , Lita Luthfiyanti  
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan penilaian dalam pembelajaran menentukan fakta dan opini menggunakan surat kabar digital kalimantan post peserta didik kelas XII SMAN 4 Banjarmasin. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif sebagai jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dari hasil penelitian mengenai pembelajaran menentukan fakta dan opini menggunakan surat kabar digital kalimantan post peserta didik kelas XII SMAN 4 Banjarmasin diketahui pendidik pada tahap 1) menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) yang terdapat beberapa komponen yaitu: a) Identitas mata pelajaran, b) Kompetensi inti, c) Kompetensi dasar, dan) Indikator pencapaian, e) Tujuan pembelajaran, f) Pemilihan materi ajar, g) Alokasi waktu, h) Metode pembelajaran, i) Kegiatan pembelajaran, j) Penilaian dan k) Sumber belajar. 2) tahap pelaksanaan terdapat beberapa tahapan yaitu kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti dan kegiatan penutup. 3) tahap penilaian yang dilakukan oleh pendidik menggunakan teknik penilaian (a) sikap, (b) pengetahuan, dan (c) keterampilan.
REALISASI DAN STRATEGI FONOLOGIS BAHASA INDONESIA OLEH MAHASISWA ASING ASAL FILIPINA
Authors: Ummie Salamah  , Jumadi  , Moh. Fatah Yasin  
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk realisasi fonem vokal, diftong, konsonan, klaster, dan silabel bahasa Indonesia oleh mahasiswa asing asal Filipina (2) mendeskripsikan strategi fonologis MAF dalam mempelajari bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus kolektif (collective case study). Pada hasil penelitian, realisasi fonem vokal seperti fonem /a/ direalisasikan [e], [∂], dan [ɛ]. Konsonan, fonem /c/ direalisasikan [k] dan [ʃ]. Diftong [kalau] direalisasikan [kalo]. Klaster, seperti [kathͻlIk] direalisasikan [katͻhͻlIg]. Silabel seperti <t∂rs∂rah> dan <s∂ratus> direalisasikan [s∂tarus] dan [s∂t∂ra?]. Strategi fonologis yang digunakan yaitu; asimilasi, aspirasi, metatesis, pemaduan, netralisasi, glotalisasi, monoftongisasi, penambahan fonem dan pelesapan fonem.
A Study of Acid Etched Fracture Degradation During the Well Lifetime in a North Sea Chalk Reservoir
Authors: Mocanu A. , Bocaneala B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The study of etched fracture degradation has been a subject of interest within reservoir production engineers and it is generally expected that the etched fractures created after pumping acid in carbonates at pressures exceeding fracturing pressure are subject to degradation in time. Based on past observations, the fracture production performance is expected to decrease in time, as the etched fracture is exposed to in-situ stress that tends to crush the pinch points supporting the fracture, resulting in fracture closure or partial closure therefore having direct impact on well production.
The phenomenon of fracture degradation was previously studied in the context of acid fracture and proppant fracture effectiveness comparison. This paper attempts to further develop the subject by describing a workflow to analyze the reservoir lifetime production data of a North Sea chalk reservoir to identify production decline and quantify possible fracture half-length decrease. The ongoing study, comprising several phases, also aims to define an acid frac degradation model and then analyze possible ways to address the phenomenon through fracture design optimization.
After the collection and segregation of field production data and wells intervention reports, the data was evaluated. Wells PIs were calculated and modelled using machine learning algorithms. PI decrease was further analyzed from perspective of potential fracture parameters change and the impact of the fracture parameters change was simulated in the production simulator. Numerical simulations results were compared to actual production data.
Application of machine learning algorithms resulted in an analytical model for PI decrease that show a reasonable match with actual observed filed data. Model can be used as a reference to refine post stimulation production forecast of the wells in the field which helps with field development planning. Resulted PI degradation model is subject of further improvement through refinement of the input data accuracy and addition of new data.
Large-Scale Experimental Investigation of Fracture Propagation Using OFDR-Based Distributed Fiber-Optic Strain Sensing
Authors: Tang Jin , Fu Haifeng , Xiu Nailing , Weng Dingwei , Lei Qun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Distributed fiber-optic strain sensing has been used as cutting-edge technology for real-time hydraulic fracturing monitoring. To better understand the fiber-measured strain response to the fracture propagation, we conducted a large-scale experimental investigation in a poly-triaxial testing site with OFDR-based fiber-optic sensors. The objective of this study is to measure the strain variations due to fracture propagation by time, estimate the fracture geometry and provide insights into the quantitative interpretation of the field-measured strain data.
The experiments were conducted in a large-scale poly-triaxial testing site with a testing concrete sample of 30in×30in×36in dimension. The fiber-optic sensing cable was "Hairpin turn" shape embedded in different locations inside the sample with varying distances to the injection side. The fiber-measured strain data was recorded and displayed on a waterfall plot during fracturing. We injected dyed fluid to generate the fracture so that we could cut the sample to investigate the fracture geometry. After the experiment, the treating pressure, injection, and fiber strain data are obtained. Eventually, we analyzed the measured data to characterize the fracture geometry over time.
This research demonstrates the utilization of using OFDR-based distributed strain sensing to monitor fracture propagation and estimate the fracture geometry. The experiment results show significant insights. The vital function of OFDR-based fiber-optic sensing in extremely high precision and resolution shows its feasibility in monitoring the fracturing process in a laboratory-scale experiment. The results of the experiments validate the current understanding of interpreting featured patterns observed in fiber-optic monitoring plots as fracture propagation intersects the fiber cables.
Superior Salt-Tolerant High Viscoelastic Friction Reducer Polymer Enables 100% Re-Use of Ultrahigh TDS Produced Water in Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Imqam Abdulmohsin , Liu Echo , Shi Haito , Andrianov Alexey 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The water usage per well has considerably increased over the last decade, putting tremendous pressure on freshwater resources. Rather than paying to treat and dispose of produced and flow back water, most hydraulic fracturing companies prefer to reuse it in subsequent stimulation treatments by using salt-tolerant high-viscoelastic friction reducers (HVFR) to conserve freshwater resources, reducing operations costs, reducing carbon footprint, and improving environmental stewardship. The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the compatibility of salt-tolerant HVFR products in extremely high-salinity environments to enable 100% reuse of produced and flow back field water in stimulation operations. The HVFR performance was evaluated based on three criteria: i) friction reduction accomplishment, ii) viscoelastic properties performance, and iii) proppant transport capability. Two anionic HVFR slurry product was used with highly desired water sources of salinity varying up to 300,000 ppm. Four dosages at 0.5, 1, 4, and 6 gpt were investigated. Water source samples from oilfields in Northeast Texas and in Midland Texas with a salinity of 200,000 ppm and 62,563 ppm were used to hydrate HVFR. A flow loop was used to determine the friction reduction of the HVFR product. Anton Paar rheometer was used to determine the viscosity and elastic properties of HVFR. Proppant settling studies using 30/60 mesh sizes were conducted in a confined fluid tube. The performance of salt-tolerant HVFR was compared with a widely used commercial friction reducer fracture fluid. Results show that salt-tolerant HVFR is a "self-healing product" compatible with producing water salinity, it developed both high viscosity and elastic profiles with high isothermal viscosity stability at 122 °F and 167 °F in 200,000 TDS. Even at 200,000 TDS, low dosages of HVFR (0.5 gpt) still produce a high stable friction reduction rate of approximately 75% across 11 minutes of testing with high quick hydration in less than 20 seconds. Salt-tolerant HVFR shows a good proppant settling performance with a long proppant suspension time varying from 10 minutes to 20 minutes. Proppant suspension time is controllable by changing the HVFR concentration. Finally, the salt-tolerant HVFR shows much better rheological properties than the commercial HVFR. This study demonstrates that salt-tolerant HVFR products have excellent friction pressure reduction performance, very well-accepted viscoelastic properties, and high proppant transport capability using oilfield-produced water salinity. The laboratory results illustrate the true benefits of the use of salt-tolerant HVFRs as a base fluid with the increasing demand for re-cycled and flow-back water use in fracturing fluid systems.
Securing Depleted Sandstone Gas Reservoirs in Oman With a Novel Reverse Hybrid Fluid System (RHS) Technique
Authors: al Jahdhami Ahmed , Chavez Juan Carlos , al Yaqoubi Mazin , al Farsi Shaima , al Yaaribi Aflah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
High differential depletion in deep tight gas reservoir causes limitation on the treatment pressure that can be applied to initiate and place optimum hydraulic fracture treatments. This paper will outline how a technique, applying viscous fingering, was successfully deployed to place hydraulic fractures in very challenging highly differentially depleted gas sandstone reservoir wells in Oman.
Most gas wells in PDO are completed with a 4 ½" 17ppf 13Cr cemented completion in stacked reservoirs. The differences in hydrocarbon mobility across the different target units will inevitably cause differential depletion. The challenge was to reduce surface treatment pressures while maintaining the ability to place a meaningful hydraulic fracture. The first Reverse Hybrid Fluid System (RHS) treatment in Oman was placed in PDO in 2019 and since then this technique has successfully managed to secure zones that would otherwise have been avoided. Long term monitoring of the wells with RHS was set up to observe the impact of this change in hydraulic fracture design on well productivity.
When simulating the hydraulic fracture treatments, the anticipated pressures excide the maximum allowable surface pressure to maintain the completion integrity. Without the possibility to reach the required pressures, early screen outs or the inability to breakdown the formation was observed in the field. The RHS technique managed to significantly reduce the treatment pressure while still maintaining the ability to create geometry and compensate for the low fluid efficiency, observed during the data frac, by using a Crosslinked Pad (CP) followed by slurry stages with Linear Gel (LG) or High Viscous Friction Reducer (HVFR) to carry the proppant. The difference in viscosity would carry the proppant in a viscous fingering pattern rather than plunger sweep pattern. This viscous fingering effect is very well documented in the industry, specifically in Enhance Oil Recovery (EOR). Conventional hydraulic fracture models, on the other hand, lack the ability to simulate this and, hence, optimizing the design and finding the right mobility ratio between the fluids is an area for much improvement.
The change in technique meant a change in the hydraulic fracture design as well as the type and proppant concentrations. A plan was put in place with production logs to monitor any impact of RHS on production, long term impact is yet to be assessed. RHS provides the ability to target reservoir units otherwise not feasible with combinational hydraulic fracture techniques, helping to secure the ultimate recovery from wells where differential depletion is observed.
Sand Control Through Frac Pack: Learnings from Over 400 Wells in the Penglai Oilfield, Bohai Bay, China
Authors: Gou Xinjun , Liu Baosheng , Zhang Ming , Hou Guanzhong , Sun Xiaofei , Zheng Jv , Wang Wei , Xi Jiangjun , Tan Caiyuan , Liu Xiaobin , Yu Jiansheng , Ma Chao , Lv Guang , Cao Jun , Li Changwei , Zhao Ning 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAfter many years of field trials, cased hole frac pack has become the primary sand control and production enhancement method in developing the unconsolidated formations in the Penglai oilfield, Bohai Bay, China. The thick productive formations have low net-to-gross ratios, and the sandstone pays are separated by weak mudstones. This paper presents field cases of successful frac pack design and operations in the Penglai Oilfield.This study reviews the sand control methods adopted in the Penglai oilfield and presents the major challenges in their field trials. The first cased-hole frac pack pilot was executed in 2008, followed by a four-well extended trial in 2009. After the field proof-of-concept, the large-scale adoption of frac pack began in 2011. Since then, continuous efforts have been made to optimize the key design parameters in successful frac packs, including perforation design, fracturing fluid, gravel placement, job size, downhole tools, etc. Well inflow modeling, laboratory evaluation and field trials have been performed and integrated in these optimization studies.The study showcases over 400 frac-packed wells and more than 1500 stages, demonstrating the effectiveness of frac pack as an efficient sand control method when appropriately designed. This paper thoroughly examines the reservoir characteristics and key completion parameters during the frac pack, encompassing well architecture, net perforation thickness, perforation flow area, fracturing fluid, proppant, and various frac pack pumping parameters. Additionally, the paper summarizes key challenges, best practices, and valuable insights derived from extensive well data analysis. Results from this study emphasize the importance of maintaining the key design variables and call for the continuous optimization for the frac pack completion technology in waterflooded formations.The paper also presents an integrated frac pack design approach that combines frac simulation, lab testing, and perforation optimization. This design approach has been successfully implemented in a large-scale well campaign in the Penglai oilfield. These findings contribute to the knowledge base of sand control and production enhancement in unconsolidated formations and provide key insights for improving the frac pack technology.
Achievements of Integrated Design for Multi-Stage Hydraulic Fracturing in Ultra-Low Permeability Carbonate Reservoirs: A Case Study in the Middle East
Authors: Liu Y. , Jin R. , Chen Y. , Pan Q. , Ling Z. , Liu Z. , He Y. , Ning C. , Yang J. , Zhu D. , Wang N. , Li N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
S-T is an ultra-low permeability (0.03 mD-2.29 mD) porous limestone reservoir with moderate porosity (15%-17.6%) in H Oilfield in the Middle East. Compared to the conventional acidizing and acid fracturing, multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in this reservoir has great improvement on well productivity. This paper will present a case study of integrated design for multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells in S-T reservoir.
An integrated geology-engineering-economy design is put forward based on the "Design-Implementation-Post Evaluation-Improvement cycle" strategy. Combining sedimentary and diagenesis facies, sweet spots are identified and further classified into four grades to optimize the well location. Then, according to the rock mechanics properties, production prediction and technical limitations, stimulation-completion-drilling proposals are carried out accordingly. After implementing multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, on-time post well evaluation is done to improve the designs for coming new wells.
With the integrated design, smooth implementation and significantly improved productivity of individual well is obtained. Until the end of Jan 2023, nine (9) horizontal wells have been implemented multi-stage proppant fracturing and commissioned. Compared with previous wells which are under intermittent production, new wells’ performance become stable with higher initial rate (above 1500 bbl/d), 3-5 times of productivity improved and lower monthly decline rate (3%~1%). Furthermore, higher cumulative oil production helps to achieve quick cost recovery, guaranteed economic benefits with 2.5-3 months payout time under relatively high oil price. This good production performance illustrates the success of the integrated design for multi-stage hydraulic fracturing for horizontal wells, which lays a solid foundation for the S-T "Pilot-Scale up-Overall deployment" development.
The experience gained from this case could also provide theoretical as well as practical information for similar reservoirs in the Middle East.
Sustainability in Frac Operation: Reduced CO2 Emission by Implementing Biofuel and Pump Idling Reduction Intelligent System
Authors: Al Fadhli K. A. , Al Shidhani T. , Al Qassabi M. , Alghassani H. , Kayumov R. , Allam M. , Manzano F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing operations are known to have a significant impact on the environment due to high energy requirements and greenhouse gas emissions. The oil and gas industry is seeking sustainable alternatives to reduce their carbon footprint and contribute to global efforts towards a low-carbon future. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using a biodiesel blend (B05 and higher) in frac equipment engines along with pump idling reduction intelligent system (PIRIS) to improve sustainability and reduce emissions.
The B05 biodiesel blend is partially produced from renewable resources, such as vegetable oils, animal fats, or waste cooking oil, which reduces the dependence on fossil fuels and promotes the circular economy. We conducted field trial tests using a Caterpillar 3512C engine and other types to measure the fuel consumption, engine performance, and emissions under different operating conditions. The results showed that the B05 biodiesel blend can be a viable alternative to diesel fuel, with similar engine performance and emissions characteristics. Moreover, using biofuels in frac operations has additional benefits, such as reducing the emission of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. The B05 blend was found to reduce carbon emissions by up to 5%, depending on the operating conditions.
PIRIS automatically stops the frac pump after 10 minutes of idling. When the pump is needed, the remote starter enables rapid restarting from the control van. As the result, PIRIS reduces pump idling by up to 75%, which cuts carbon emissions by approximately 7%. These reductions are significant and can contribute to the industry's efforts to achieve net-zero emissions.
Our study highlights the potential for the oil and gas industry to adopt sustainable practices into frac operations. The use of B05 and reducing idle time with frac pumps can improve sustainability and reduce carbon emissions, leading to a cleaner and more sustainable energy future. Our study provides insight into the applicability of sustainable practices in the oil and gas industry and contribute to global efforts to combat climate change.