bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Team Dynamics and Operative Efficiency in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Cousins Henry C. , Cahan Eli M. , Steere Joshua T. , Maloney William J. , Goodman Stuart B. , Miller Matthew D. , Huddleston James I. , Amanatullah Derek F. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceSurgical team communication is a critical component of operative efficiency. The factors underlying optimal communication, including team turnover, role composition, and mutual familiarity, remain underinvestigated in the operating room.ObjectiveTo assess staff turnover, trainee involvement, and surgeon staff preferences in terms of intraoperative efficiency.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective analysis of staff characteristics and operating times for all total joint arthroplasties was performed at a tertiary academic medical center by 5 surgeons from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Data were analyzed from May 1, 2021, to February 18, 2022. The study included cases with primary total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and primary total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) comprising all primary total joint arthroplasties performed over the 1-year study interval.ExposuresIntraoperative turnover among nonsurgical staff, presence of trainees, and presence of surgeon-preferred staff.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIncision time, procedure time, and room time for each surgery. Multivariable regression analyses between operative duration, presence of surgeon-preferred staff, and turnover among nonsurgical personnel were conducted.ResultsA total of 641 cases, including 279 THAs (51% female; median age, 64 [IQR, 56.3-71.5] years) and 362 TKAs (66% [238] female; median age, 68 [IQR, 61.1-74.1] years) were considered. Turnover among circulating nurses was associated with a significant increase in operative duration in both THAs and TKAs, with estimated differences of 19.6 minutes (SE, 3.5; P &amp;lt; .001) of room time in THAs and 14.0 minutes (SE, 3.1; P &amp;lt; .001) of room time in TKAs. The presence of a preferred anesthesiologist or surgical technician was associated with significant decreases of 26.5 minutes (SE, 8.8; P = .003) of procedure time and 12.6 minutes (SE, 4.0; P = .002) of room time, respectively, in TKAs. The presence of a surgeon-preferred vendor was associated with a significant increase in operative duration in both THAs (26.3 minutes; SE, 7.3; P &amp;lt; .001) and TKAs (29.6 minutes; SE, 9.6; P = .002).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that turnover among operative staff is associated with procedural inefficiency. In contrast, the presence of surgeon-preferred staff may facilitate intraoperative efficiency. Administrative or technologic support of perioperative communication and team continuity may help improve operative efficiency.
Nature‐Skin‐Derived e‐Skin as Versatile “Wound Therapy‐Health Monitoring” Bioelectronic Skin‐Scaffolds: Skin to Bio‐e‐Skin
Authors: Liu Xinhua , Cui Boqiang , Wang Xuechuan , Zheng Manhui , Bai Zhongxue , Yue Ouyang , Fei Yifan , Jiang Huie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectronic skins (e‐skins) have the potential to turn into breakthroughs in biomedical applications. Herein, a novel acellular dermal matrix (ADM)‐based bioelectronic skin (e‐ADM) is used to fabricate versatile “wound therapy‐health monitoring” tissue‐nanoengineered skin scaffolds via a facile “one‐pot” bio‐compositing strategy to incorporate the conductive carbon nanotubes and self‐assembled micro‐copper oxide microspheres with a cicada‐wing‐like rough surface and nanocone microstructure. The e‐ADM exhibits robust tensile strength (22 MPa), flexibility, biodegradability, electroactivity, and antibacterial properties. Interestingly, e‐ADM exhibits the pH‐responsive ability for intelligent command between sterilization and wound repair . Additionally, e‐ADM enables accurate real‐time monitoring of human activities, providing a novel flexible e‐skin sensor to record injury and motions. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that with electrical stimulation, e‐ADM could prominently facilitate cell growth and proliferation and further promote full‐thickness skin wound healing, providing a comprehensive therapeutic strategy for smart sensing and tissue repair, guiding the development of high‐performance “wound therapy‐health monitoring” bioelectronic skin‐scaffolds.
Atroposelective Three‐Component Coupling of Cyclic Diaryliodoniums and Sodium Cyanate Enabled by the Dual‐Role of Phenol
Authors: Yang Shan , Zheng Tianze , Duan Longhui , Xue Xiaoping , Gu Zhenhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed atroposelective ring‐opening reaction of cyclic diaryliodoniums, sodium cyanate (NaOCN) and phenols is reported. The reaction chemoselectively affords axially chiral carbamates by sequential coupling of cyclic diaryliodonium and NaOCN, followed by phenol. Mechanistic investigations revealed that phenol is not only a reagent to trap highly active intermediate isocyanates, but it also activates the copper catalyst as a standby ligand. The carbamates were readily transformed into highly functionalized urea derivatives within a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Establishment and validation of a sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of KRASG12C protein PROTAC molecule LC‐2 in rat plasma and its application to in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of LC‐2 PEGylated liposomes
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Zhiyu , Wang Xiaowen , Li Xiao , Liu Xueqi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Sha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLC‐2, is a molecule of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), with a large molecular weight, poor water solubility and low system bioavailability, which was designed to degrade KRASG12C protein. In this study, LC‐2 PEGylated liposomes were developed and characterized. Moreover, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method in rat plasma was established and effectively utilized for an in vivo pharmacokinetic investigation. LC‐2 PEGylated liposomes with better properties were prepared by an improved ethanol injection method. The chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse XDB‐CN column (100 × 2.1 mm, 3.5 μm) with acetonitrile–ammonium deionized water (5 mm; 80:20, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The mass spectra of LC‐2 and the IS (gefitinib) were obtained at m/z 1132.5 → 626.4 and 447.1 → 128.2, respectively. The pharmacokinetic study was carried out by analyzing plasma concentrations of LC‐2 solution or produced LC‐2 PEGylated liposomes in rats using the developed and validated method. The pharmacokinetic results indicate that PEGylated liposome‐encapsulation protected LC‐2 from the influence of endogenous protein binding, improved insolubility, prolonged half‐life and increased system bioavailability. This study provides a feasible solution for future preclinical and clinical studies of LC‐2 and/or other PROTACs.
Teucrium fruticans L., a Multi‐Scale Study: From Trichomes to Essential Oil
Authors: Giuliani Claudia , Bottoni Martina , Santagostini Laura , Spada Alberto , Papini Alessio , Milani Fabrizia , Fico Gelsomina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work represents the first multi‐scale study on Teucrium fruticans L. cultivated at the Ghirardi Botanic Garden (Lombardy, Northern Italy), combining a micromorphological and a phytochemical survey on the plant's aerial parts. Micromorphological investigations, performed by Light Microscopy, Fluorescence Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, highlighted the presence of five trichomes morphotypes, distinguished by a different distribution pattern: peltates, short‐stalked and ball‐like medium‐stalked capitates, ubiquitous on the whole plant, medium‐stalked and long‐stalked capitates, exclusive to the floral whorls. Both peltates and medium‐stalked capitates were recognized as the main terpene production sites. Phytochemical characterization focused on the essential oils (EOs), obtained by Clevenger‐type hydrodistillation in February and April 2022 and characterized by Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), which resulted mainly formed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The February EO profile was characterized by β‐caryophyllene (28.30 %) and germacrene D (19.16 %) as main compounds, while in April β‐myrcene was detected at high percentage (13.77 %), in addition to the previous two components (15.72 % and 11.55 %, respectively). Literature data, dealing with the biological activities of the main oil constituents, highlighted an anti‐microbial, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐tumor potential, due to the high content in sesquiterpenes and, particularly, of β‐caryophyllene and germacrene D.
Measuring the costs of crime using the willingness‐to‐pay method
Authors: Raffan Gowar Bea L. , Farrington David P. , Ttofi Maria M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCriminal justice policy decisions are increasingly being influenced by the ratio of the monetary benefits to the monetary costs. While policies based on evidence and analysed via cost‐benefit studies are a welcome development, cost‐benefit calculations are only as robust as the data upon which they are based. For England and Wales up to the present, cost‐of‐crime estimates used in cost‐benefit analyses have been calculated by the Home Office using a multi‐method approach. However, the intangible costs of crime have not been estimated adequately in England and Wales.AimThe main aim was to quantify the intangible costs of crime using the willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) method. Also, stated preferences for different crime reduction methods were investigated.MethodThis study utilises samples from the City of Cambridge (n = 534) and from Criminal Justice Practitioners (n = 124), to assess their WTP to prevent a range of crimes from happening in their neighbourhood, and their preferred crime reduction techniques. A Contingent Valuation Survey (CVS) was used.ResultsOverall, both samples gave a higher WTP for low volume, high harm crimes than for high volume, low harm crimes. Both samples supported funding youth programmes in preference to other forms of crime reduction initiatives.ConclusionIt is proposed that a CVS should be included in the next Crime Survey for England and Wales, in order to collect relevant WTP data on crime at the national level.
Paramagnetic Relaxation Agents for Enhancing Temporal Resolution and Sensitivity in Multinuclear FlowNMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Bara‐Estaún Alejandro , Harder Marie C. , Lyall Catherine L. , Lowe John P. , Suturina Elizaveta , Hintermair Ulrich 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSensitivity in FlowNMR spectroscopy for reaction monitoring often suffers from low levels of pre‐magnetisation due to limited residence times of the sample in the magnetic field. While this in‐flow effect is tolerable for high sensitivity nuclei such as 1H and 19F, it significantly reduces the signal‐to‐noise ratio in 31P and 13C spectra, making FlowNMR impractical for low sensititvity nuclei at low concentrations. Paramagnetic relaxation agents (PRAs), which enhance polarisation and spin‐lattice relaxation, could eliminate the adverse in‐flow effect and improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio. Herein, [Co(acac)3], [Mn(acac)3], [Fe(acac)3], [Cr(acac)3], [Ni(acac)2]3, [Gd(tmhd)3] and [Cr(tmhd)3] are investigated for their effectiveness in improving signal intensity per unit time in FlowNMR applications under the additional constraint of chemical inertness towards catalytically active transition metal complexes. High‐spin Cr(III) acetylacetonates emerged as the most effective compounds, successfully reducing 31P T1 values four‐ to five‐fold at PRA concentrations as low as 10 mM without causing adverse line broadening. Whereas [Cr(acac)3] showed signs of chemical reactivity with a mixture of triphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphine oxide and triphenylphosphate over the course of several hours at 80° C, the bulkier [Cr(tmhd)3] was stable and equally effective as a PRA under these conditions. Compatibility with a range of representative transition metal complexes often used in homogeneous catalysis has been investigated, and application of [Cr(tmhd)3] in significantly improving 1H and 31P{1H} FlowNMR data quality in a Rh‐catalysed hydroformylation reaction has been demonstrated. With the PRA added, 13C relaxation times were reduced more than six‐fold, allowing quantitative reaction monitoring of substrate consumption and product formation by 13C{1H} FlowNMR spectroscopy at natural abundance.
Deceleration capacity of heart rate predicts 1‐year mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair
Authors: Mizera Lars , Rath Dominik , Schreieck Jürgen , Seizer Peter , Gawaz Meinrad Paul , Duckheim Martin , Eick Christian , Müller Karin A. L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundRisk stratification for transcatheter procedures in patients with severe mitral regurgitation is challenging. Deceleration capacity (DC) has already proven to be a reliable risk predictor in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. We hypothesized, that DC provides prognostic value in patients undergoing transcatheter edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair (TEER).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed electrocardiogram signals from 106 patients undergoing TEER at the University Hospital of Tübingen. All patients received continuous heart‐rate monitoring to assess DC following the procedure. One‐year all‐cause mortality was defined as the primary end point.ResultsSixteen patients (15.1%) died within 1 year. The DC in nonsurvivors was significantly reduced compared to survivors (5.1 ± 3.0 vs. 3.0 ± 1.6 ms, p = 0.002). A higher EuroSCORE II and impaired left ventricular function were furthermore associated with poor outcome. In Cox regression analyses, a DC < 4.5 ms was found a strong predictor of 1‐year mortality (hazard ratio: 0.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.13–0.79, p = 0.029). Finally, a significant negative correlation was found between DC and residual mitral regurgitation after TEER (r = −0.41, p < 0.001).ConclusionIn patients with severe mitral regurgitation undergoing TEER, DC may serve as a new predictor of follow‐up mortality.
Remediation of Lead Toxicity Using Phosphorus in Lead‐Contaminated Agricultural Soils
Authors: Patra Sanmay Kumar , Sengupta Sudip , Das Som Sankar , Mazumdar Debashis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhosphorus (P) plays dual role in providing plant nutrition while suppressing lead (Pb) toxicity in soil–plant system. Remediation of lead toxicity with soluble P is a promising low‐cost soil rehabilitation technology. An incubation experiment is conducted for assessing the bioavailability of Pb and P under simultaneous application in Pb‐laden soils. The treatments consist of four Pb levels, 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg kg−1soil, and four P levels, 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg kg−1soil, with five periods of incubation (0, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days) arranged in a 4 × 4 × 5 factorial design. The important physical, physicochemical and chemical characteristics of soil samples are analyzed. Bioavailable P and Pb contents of the soil samples after incubation with Pb and/or P are determined. The results indicate that Pb×P interactions significantly decrease bioavailable soil‐Pb concentrations by 38.9–43.9%. Likewise, interactions of Pb×day and P×day significantly reduce soil‐Pb concentrations by 33.1–35.1 and 31.8–33.6% at different levels of Pb and P spiking, respectively. A ready reckoner is developed using the antagonism manifestation of Pb and P in soil, which suggests the administration of P doses with respect to Pb‐loading and time elapsed to rejuvenate Pb‐contaminated soils for healthy crop production.
A miniaturized uniplanar MIMO antenna for n79/n46/millimeter‐wave applications
Authors: Joseph Jeevitha , Let Gunamony Shine , Pratap Chandran Benin , Winston J Jenkin 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThis research suggests a compact uniplanar multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) with four ports for n79/n46/millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) applications. The size of the quad MIMO is only 30 × 30 × 0.8 mm3. MIMO system consists of four identical Z‐shaped radiators and common ground on the same plane and no decoupling structures are used for isolation. The system covers the bandwidth of 1.9 GHz (4.4–6.3 GHz) with a mid‐frequency of 5.6 GHz and also covers the high‐band frequencies ranging from 18 to 30 GHz with a bandwidth of 12 GHz. The suggested quad MIMO is fabricated on an FR‐4 board, and the measured outcomes are well in line with the simulated results. An isolation value of −11 dB has been achieved for mid‐band frequency and −24 dB has been attained for mm‐wave bands. Through the value of DG = 10 dB, ECC < 0.07, TARC < −3 dB, MEG < −5 dB, and the ratio of MEG = 1 dB, uniplanar quad MIMO shows acceptable MIMO diversity performance. The entire system was evaluated for the users' hand specific absorption rate (SAR) impacts and is within the limits. After the complete analysis of the miniature quad MIMO antenna, an 8‐port, and a 16‐port uniplanar MIMO are simulated for smartphone‐sized dielectric substrates and the performances were examined. The suggested MIMO system provides an efficient single‐layer MIMO antenna to 5G smartphones with high bandwidth and low SAR. The proposed quad MIMO systems are suitable for both the sub‐6 GHz band and the mm‐wave band.
CE2RV: Commissioned energy‐efficient virtualization for large‐scale heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Authors: Babu M. Vasim , Sekaran Ramesh , Kannan Suthendran , Ravi Vinayakumar 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe Internet of Things (IoT) comprises sensor networks, intelligent things, devices, and humans for heterogeneous services and applications. Energy constraints in conventional wireless networks impact IoT performance resulting in service failures. For reducing the adverse impact of energy, this article introduces a commissioned energy‐efficient resource virtualization (CE2RV) scheme. This proposed scheme classifies the sensor nodes as fast and slow‐depleting for identifying service failures. The fast‐depleting nodes are discontinued from the service replications, and the remaining energy high‐node‐connected resources are identified. Such resources are virtualized for thwarting the existing energy failures over various services. The node classifications are performed using a tree‐learning algorithm. The classifications are performed for node replacement and service virtualization under different energy depletion rates. This is required for preventing sensor network disconnections between the users and service providers. The classification is required for overcoming multiple virtualizations between common nodes across different service providers. The proposed scheme's performance is analyzed using the metrics of service disconnections, energy utilization, energy efficiency, and service delay.
Race‐related population attributable fraction of preventable risk factors of dementia: A Latino population‐based study
Authors: Borelli Wyllians Vendramini , Formoso Carolina Rodrigues , Bieger Andrei , Ferreira Pamela Lukasewicz , Zimmer Eduardo R. , Pascoal Tharick Ali , Chaves Marcia Lorena Fagundes , Castilhos Raphael Machado 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundRisk factors for dementia have distinct frequency and impact in relation to race. Our aim was to identify differences in modifiable risk factors of dementia related to races and estimate their population attributable fraction (PAF).MethodsAn epidemiological cohort was used to estimate the prevalence of 10 modifiable risk factors for dementia among five races—White, Black, Brown, Asian, and Indigenous. Sample weighting was used to estimate the prevalence and PAF of each risk factor in each race.ResultsA total of 9070 individuals were included. Overall adjusted PAF was the lowest in Indigenous (38.9%), and Asian individuals (41.2%). Race‐related prevalence of individual risk factors was widely variable in our population, but hearing loss was the most important contributor to the overall PAF in all races.ConclusionsPublic policies aiming to reduce preventable risk factors for dementia should take into consideration the race of the target populations.HIGHLIGHTS
Preventable risk factors for dementia vary according to race.
Hearing loss presented the highest prevalence among all races studied.
Indigenous and Asian individuals presented the lowest population attributable fractions.
Black and Brown individuals were more vulnerable to social determinants.
Development and validation of the Dimensional Inventory of Stress and Trauma Across the Lifespan (DISTAL): A novel assessment tool to facilitate the dimensional study of psychobiological sequelae of exposure to adversity
Authors: Cohodes Emily M. , McCauley Sarah , Pierre Jasmyne C. , Hodges H. R. , Haberman Jason T. , Santiuste Isabel , Rogers Marisa K. , Wang Jenny , Mandell Jeffrey D. , Gee Dylan G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDecades of research underscore the profound impact of adversity on brain and behavioral development. Recent theoretical models have highlighted the importance of considering specific features of adversity that may have dissociable effects at distinct developmental timepoints. However, existing measures do not query these dimensions in sufficient detail to support the proliferation of this approach. The Dimensional Inventory of Stress and Trauma Across the Lifespan (DISTAL) was developed with the aim to thoroughly and retrospectively assess the timing, severity (of exposure and reaction), type, persons involved, controllability, predictability, threat, deprivation, proximity, betrayal, and discrimination inherent in an individual's exposure to adversity. Here, we introduce this instrument, present descriptive statistics drawn from a sample of N = 187 adults who completed the DISTAL, and provide initial information about its psychometric properties. This novel measure facilitates the expansion of research focused on assessing the relative impact of exposure to key dimensions of adversity on the brain and behavior across development.