bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O LETRAMENTO DIGITAL E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Gerasch Larissa , Lehmen Heinen Alana , Munari Domingos Ana Cláudia 
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho aborda alguns conceitos importantes para a educação contemporânea, como o de letramento digital. O objetivo principal é evidenciar quais são as contribuições desse tipo de letramento para a formação dos estudantes ao longo da Educação Básica. A pesquisa usou fontes bibliográficas e realizou um estudo sobre como o letramento digital é proposto na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Foram consideradas muito importantes para o entendimento dos conceitos de alfabetização e letramento, as contribuições de Kleiman (2005), Soares (2009) e Gabriel (2017). Da mesma forma, destacam-se os estudos de Soares (2002), Walsh (2010) e Rojo (2012) acerca dos conceitos de letramento digital, letramento multimodal e multiletramento. Através deste trabalho, percebeu-se que a oportunidade de experimentar uma forma inovadora de ler, o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico, o estímulo ao trabalho em equipe e a promoção do engajamento nas atividades escolares são importantes contribuições do letramento digital na Educação Básica.
Evaluation of univariate and multivariate calibration strategies for the direct determination of total carbon in soils by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: tutorial
Authors: Nascimento Guedes Wesley , Babos Diego Victor , Câmara Costa Vinícius , De Morais Carla Pereira , Freitas Vitor da Silveira , Stenio Kleydson , Xavier Alfredo Augusto Pereira , Leva Borduchi Luís Carlos , Villas-Boas Paulino Ribeiro , Milori Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira 
Published: April 2023

The correct choice of the calibration strategy method is a step that can ensure the accuracy of carbon determination in soils by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. In this paper, we evaluate and discuss the intrinsic characteristics of univariate and multivariate calibration strategies in overcoming soil matrix effects and their influence on the magnitude of calibration and prediction error values. The matrix-matching calibration with previous correction of Al spectral interference in the C I line at 193.03 nm was the best strategy of the 13 univariate models evaluated [root-mean-square error of calibration—(RMSEP)=0.2wt.%C]. In the multivariate evaluation of the 22 models obtained, the artificial neural network allowed obtaining a lower value of prediction error for C (RMSEP=0.1wt.%C) with very good accuracy (98%) for the set samples of validation. The observation of these results was justified considering the advantages and limitations of each calibration strategy explored.
Prevalence and determinants of anxiety and stress in the general population during COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Saeed Banaz A. , Ismael Saween K. , Amin Redar Muhmed , Mahmud Nasraw Mustafa , Al-Banna Dara A. , Shabila Nazar P. 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and its prevention and control measures, such as social distancing, self-isolation, and quarantine, have a negative impact on the population’s mental health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and stress among the general population during the outbreak of COVID-19 and assess their associated factors.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study in Erbil governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, from July 18 to September 12, 2020. We used an online survey questionnaire to collect data from a sample of Erbil population. The 10-items Perceived Stress Scale and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale were used to measure the levels of stress and anxiety.ResultsA total of 851 persons responded to the survey. The prevalence of moderate and high perceived stress was 59.6% and 16.6%, respectively. The prevalence of moderate and severe anxiety was 24.7% and 22.7%, respectively. Age, gender, economic level, having contact with COVID-19 patients, and following COVID-19 news were independent variables significantly associated with stress levels. Age, gender, economic level, employment status, having symptoms of COVID-19, having contact with COVID-19 patients, and following COVID-19 news were independent variables significantly associated with anxiety levels.ConclusionA high proportion of people experienced stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Females, younger age, poor, and unemployed reported significantly higher stress and anxiety levels. There is a need to establish mechanisms at the population level to decrease the stress and anxiety risks and provide mental health coping measures in times of crisis, such as education about positive thinking, stress management programs, and the role of social support.
The perceived barriers and facilitators for chiropractic care in older adults with low back pain; insights from a qualitative exploration in a dutch context
Authors: De la Ruelle Lobke P. , de Zoete Annemarie , Myburgh Cornelius , Brandt Hella E. , Rubinstein Sidney M. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Understanding care seeking behaviour is vital to enabling access to care. In the context of low back pain (LBP), chiropractors offer services to patients of all ages. Currently, geriatric sub-populations tend to be under-investigated, despite the disproportionate effects of LBP on older adults. In the Netherlands, the chiropractic profession is relatively unknown and therefore, generally speaking, is not considered as the first choice for conservative musculoskeletal primary health care. The aim of this paper was to explore the experiences of older adults with LBP, seeking chiropracic care for the first time, in order to identify perceived barriers and facilitators in this process.

Methods
Stage 1: Participants 56 years of age and older with chronic LBP who either sought or did not seek chiropractic care were interviewed to provide detailed information on the factors that promoted or impeded care-seeking behaviour. A purposive sampling strategy was used to recruit participants through a network of researchers, chiropractors and other healthcare professionals offering musculoskeletal health care services. Individuals with underlying pathology, previous surgery for LBP, or insufficient mastery of the Dutch language were excluded. Data were collected until saturation was reached and thematically analysed. Stage 2: To further explore the themes, a focus group interview was conducted with a provider stakeholder group consisting of:two physiotherapists, a nurse practitioner, a geriatrician, and a chiropractor. All interviews were conducted online, voice recorded, and transcribed verbatim.

Results
We interviewed 11 older adults with low back pain. During this process four themes emerged that captured their perception and experiences in either seeking or dismissing chiropractic care for their LBP; these being ‘generic’, ‘financial’, ‘expectation’, and ‘the image of the chiropractor’. The focus group members largely confirmed the identified themes, highlighting a lack of awarenes and accessibility as key barriers to care. On the other hand, whe chiropractior as an alternative care provider, with a focus on manual interventions, was seen as a facilitator.

Conclusions
The lack of knowledge about chiropractic care was found to be the most important barrier to seeking care. The most important facilitator was insufficient resolution of their symptoms following previous care, making patients look further for a solution for their problem. These barriers and facilitators seem not to differ greatly from barriers and facilitators found among younger patients with neck pain. Age and health condition may therefore be weak determinants of care. This new information may help us optimize accessibility for older adults to the chiropractor.
Health and social care workers experiences of coping while working in the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic: One year on
Authors: Soubra Karina , Tamworth Camilla , Kamal Zeast , Brook Clare , Langdon Dawn , Billings Jo 
Published: April 2023

Background
The unprecedented pressure of working on the frontline during the Covid-19 pandemic had a demonstrable impact on the mental health and wellbeing of health and social care workers in the early stages of the pandemic, however, less research has focused on workers’ experiences over the longer course of the pandemic.

Aims
We set out to develop an explanatory model of the processes that helped and hindered the coping of HSCWs working over the course of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Method
Twenty HSCWs based in the UK took part in the study. They completed semi-structured interviews 12–18 months after the peak of the first wave in the UK. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using grounded theory methodology.

Results
The analysis identified eleven theoretical codes: personal context, organisational resources, organisational response, management, colleagues, decision-making and responsibilities, internal impacts, external impactors, safety, barriers to accessing support and temporal factors. The findings suggest that factors related to the individual themselves, their personal context, the organisation they work in, their managers, the support structures around them and their sense of safety impacted on HSCWs; ability to cope. Some factors changed over time throughout the first year of the pandemic, such as workload and staff illness, which further impacted HSCWs’ coping. There were many barriers to accessing support that also impacted coping, including availability, awareness and time. The relationship between the factors that impacted coping are represented in an explanatory model.

Conclusions
The findings extend previous studies on the mental health impact on frontline HSCWs working during Covid-19, providing novel insight by developing an explanatory model illustrating the underlying factors that impacted their coping experiences over the course of the pandemic in the UK. The findings from this study may assist in the development of improved and more effective support for HSCWs going forwards.
Association between visual impairment and risk of suicide: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Chung Young , Ha Ahnul , Shim Sung Ryul , Chang In Boem , Kim Young Kook 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionSuicide is an important public health problem. Well-established risk factors of suicide include depression, family history of mental disorders, substance problem, chronic physical illness, and others. Sensory impairment, especially visual impairment (VI), has a critical impact on both mental and physical health. However, the association between VI and risk of suicide has not been thoroughly investigated and remains controversial. Our aim is to systematically review and meta-analyze the current evidence on the association between VI and risk of suicide and to evaluate the direction and magnitude of the association.Methods and analysisWe aim to search PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library to identify all population-based studies on the association between VI and risk of suicide. Two reviewers will independently conduct study selection, data extraction and risk of bias (ROB) assessment. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale will be applied to evaluate the methodologic quality of the included studies for ROB assessment. The primary outcome measure will be the relative risk (RR) of suicide, and the secondary outcome measures will be the risks of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempt (SA). Estimates of risk with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for suicide, SI and SA, respectively, will be calculated and summarized. We will perform random-effects meta-analyses to combine the pooled effects. Meta-regression will be applied to investigate the effects of multiple factors across studies. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be conducted for screening of any potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias will be evaluated by funnel plot and Begg and Mazumdar correlation testing. The body of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.ConclusionThis article presents a study protocol for investigating the association between VI and risk of suicide. The findings of this study will contribute to our current knowledge of the impact of VI as a risk factor of suicide. In addition, meta-regression and subgroup analyses will provide further insights to factors affecting the association between VI and suicide risk.Trial registrationSystematic review registration:PROSPEROCRD 42022325106.
Interrater Reliability of Functional Lumen Imaging Probe Panometry and High-Resolution Manometry for the Assessment of Esophageal Motility Disorders
Authors: Chen Joan W. , Khan Abraham , Chokshi Reena V. , Clarke John O. , Fass Ronnie , Garza Jose M. , Gupta Milli , Gyawali C. Prakash , Jain Anand S. , Katz Philip , Konda Vani , Lazarescu Adriana , Lynch Kristle L. , Schnoll-Sussman Felice , Spechler Stuart J. , Vela Marcelo F. , Yadlapati Rena , Schauer Jacob M. , Kahrilas Peter J. , Pandolfino John E. , Carlson Dustin A. 
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION:
High-resolution manometry (HRM) and functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) are primary and/or complementary diagnostic tools for the evaluation of esophageal motility. We aimed to assess the interrater agreement and accuracy of HRM and FLIP interpretations.

METHODS:
Esophageal motility specialists from multiple institutions completed the interpretation of 40 consecutive HRM and 40 FLIP studies. Interrater agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for continuous variables and Fleiss' κ statistics for nominal variables. Accuracies of rater interpretation were assessed using the consensus of 3 experienced raters as the reference standard.

RESULTS:
Fifteen raters completed the HRM and FLIP studies. An excellent interrater agreement was seen in supine median integral relaxation pressure (ICC 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.95–0.98), and a good agreement was seen with the assessment of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) outflow, peristalsis, and assignment of a Chicago Classification version 4.0 diagnosis using HRM (κ = 0.71, 0.75, and 0.70, respectively). An excellent interrater agreement for EGJ distensibility index and maximum diameter (0.91 [0.90–0.94], 0.92 [0.89–0.95]) was seen, and a moderate-to-good agreement was seen in the assignment of EGJ opening classification, contractile response pattern, and motility classification (κ = 0.68, 0.56, and 0.59, respectively) on FLIP. Rater accuracy for Chicago Classification version 4.0 diagnosis on HRM was 82% (95% confidence interval 78%–84%) and for motility diagnosis on FLIP Panometry was 78% (95% confidence interval 72%–81%).

DISCUSSION:
Our study demonstrates high levels of interrater agreement and accuracy in the interpretation of HRM and FLIP metrics and moderate-to-high levels for motility classification in FLIP, supporting the use of these approaches for primary or complementary evaluation of esophageal motility disorders.
The Effects Of Purple Grape Juice (Vitis Vinifera) On Spermatozoa Motility Of Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Exposed To Electric Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Putranto Ishak Raharjo , Wibowo Dhega Anindita , Ariani RR Mahayu Dewi , Hermawati Donna 
Published: April 2023

Background: Infertility in men can be caused by decreased motility of spermatozoa. Electric cigarette smoke containing nicotine can produce free radicals that cause a decrease in sperm motility. Purple grape juice which contains flavonoids can act as antioxidants that can increase the motility of spermatozoa. Objective: To prove the effect of administering purple grape juice on sperm motility of male Wistar rats exposed to electric cigarette smoke.Methods: This research is an experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. Sample consisted of 28 male Wistar rats divided randomly into 4 groups, namely negative control, positive control (given electric cigarette smoke), treatment one (given electric cigarette smoke + purple grape juice 3 mL/day), and treatment two (given electric cigarette smoke + purple grape juice 5 mL/day). The adaptation was carried out for 1 week, followed by treatment for 4 weeks, then the sperm of Wistar rats were collected and the sperm motility of Wistar rats was examined. Statistical test used Saphiro Wilk and Kruskal Wallis test.Results: Progressive motility rate of K(-), K(+), P1, P2 groups consecutively: 58.33 ± 7,52; 26,66 ± 8,16; 31,66 ± 7,52; 43,33 ± 12,11. Non progressive motility rate of K(-), K(+), P1, P2 groups consecutively: 26,66 ± 10,32; 55 ± 8,36; 43,33 ± 12,11; 35 ± 12,24. Immotility rate of K(-), K(+), P1, P2 consecutively: 18,33 ± 9,83; 28,33 ± 14,71; 20 ± 6,32; 16,66 ± 5,16. Kruskal Wallis test found a significant difference in progressive motility (p=0.002) and non-progressive motility (p=0.005).Conclusion: Purple grape juice affects sperm motility of male wistar rats exposed to electric cigarette smoke.
THE EFFECT OF KAFFIR LIME PEEL EXTRACT (Citrus hystrix) ON SPATIAL MEMORY OF MICE WITH DEMENTIA USING MORRIS WATER MAZE
Authors: Christiyanto Florentina Anindita , Mahati Endang , Wijayahadi Noor , Nindita Yora 
Published: April 2023

Background: Antioxidants are a group of chemicals that protect biological systems against the potential harmful effects of oxidation processes or its reactions. Kaffir lime peel (Citrus hystrix) contains various potential antioxidants substances those are able to protect neurons from free radical-induced damage. Objective: To evaluate the effect of kaffir lime peel extract (Citrus hystrix) on the spatial memory of mice induced by Scopolamine (SCM). Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a post-test-only controlled group design. Thirty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. SCM was injected intraperitoneally on day 1-7 and kaffir lime peel extract was given orally on day 2-7, the spatial memory testing of mice using Morris Water Maze on day 8. Data analysis used One-Way ANOVA test (α = 0.05) and continued with Post Hoc LSD test (α = 0.05). Results: The mean spatial memory of K+, K-, P1, P2,P3 were 16,33 ± 7,42; 70,00 ± 32,24; 25,66 ± 24,43; 23,00 ± 19,39; 25,00 ± 19,50 seconds respectively. There were significant differences in spatial memory in P1, P2, dan P3 to the negative control group, but there is no significant differences between treatment grups. Conclusion: Kaffir lime peel extract (Citrus hystrix) can improve the spatial memory of scopolamine-induced dementia (SCM) mice. There is no dose effect relationship between the treatment groups
The Effect of Roselle Flower Infusion (Hibiscus sabdariffa) on Retinal Ganglion Cell Apoptosis of Sprague Dawley Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Prihatningtias Riski , Dewi Puspita Kusuma , Armalina Desy , Istiadi Hermawan , Amelia Rahma Athifah , Fulyani Faizah 
Published: April 2023

Background: Cigarette smoke contains a lot of free radicals that can reduce antioxidants in the body. One of those is Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which can induce Retinal Ganglion Cell (RGC) apoptosis. Reduced ganglion cell axons will eventually lead to optic neuropathy. Supplementing herbal medicines, vitamins, foods, and drinks containing antioxidants is one way to increase oxidant levels in the body. Roselle or Hibiscus sabdariffa is a herbal plant reported to have a lot of antioxidant content.Objective: The study aimed to prove that Roselle flower infusions can reduce retinal ganglion cell apoptosis of Sprague Dawley rats exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: This was an experimental study with a post-test-only design with a total of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats exposed to four non-filtered cigarettes/day for 30 consecutive days. They were randomly divided into four sub-groups, and each group consisted of 6 rats. The control group received 1 ml of saline, and three treatment groups received Roselle flower infusions of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% for 30 days. Enucleated eyes were then made paraffin blocks and slides with HE staining. The retinal ganglion cell apoptosis score was assessed by calculating the number of apoptotic cells using 1000x in five fields of view. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test followed by the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: The average retinal ganglion cell apoptosis score in control, treatment 1, 2, and 3 groups were 3.00; 2.83; 2.00; 1.83. There was a significant difference between the control group and treatment groups 2 (p=0.001) and group 3 (p=0.001), while between the control group and treatment group 1, there was no significant difference (p=0.317).Conclusion: The administration of 5% and 10% Roselle flower infusions can reduce the apoptosis score of retinal ganglion cells in Sprague Dawley rats exposed to cigarette smoke. The higher the Roselle flower infusion concentration, the lower the apoptosis score of retinal ganglion cells.
Environmental factors promoting the effective use of a computer-assisted clinical case for second-year osteopathic medical students
Authors: Baer Robert W. , Chamberlain Neal R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Computer-aided clinical cases (CACC) have the potential to complement and/or supplement other types of problem-based learning exercises in modern medical curricula. Deploying a CACC learning experience requires institutional commitment to technology and a belief by administration, faculty, and students that “climbing a steep growth curve” is worth the effort. Several aspects of the institutional environment at the Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine (KCOM) led to the development of the CACC exercise described in this article, including the need to design a uniform, supplemental, Internet-based learning experience and assessment exercises for students doing clinical rotations at off-site facilities. The CACC learning experience was enthusiastically accepted by second-year medical students as an integrative and clinically relevant educational experience. The success of this CACC exercise has helped to promote the development of other innovative applications of technology to medical education at KCOM.
Benefits of direct glomerular filtration rate (GFR) determination versus creatinine-based tests for evaluating renal function
Authors: Cimmino Christopher J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To diagnose renal disease earlier and thereby reduce the number of patients with end-stage renal disease, accurate, specific diagnostic tests are necessary. The author explains the benefits of using tests that rely on the glomerular filtration rate measurement rather than on traditional creatinine-based diagnostic tests.