bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF TEST ITEMS ANALYSIS OF TEST ITEMS OF FINAL EXAMINATION OF THE SECOND SEMESTERS ON CHEMISTRY SUBJECT OF XI NATURAL SCIENCE AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 6 PEKANBARU IN ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2015/2016
Authors: Tengku Syarifah Wikasari 
Published: January 2025

There were many factors causing problems encountered in the learning process, one of them was the learning instrument used and created by the teacher. Learning instrument can be as test items. This research aimed at knowing the quality of test items of final examination of the second semester on Chemistry subject of XI Natural Science at State Senior High School 6 Pekanbaru in the Academic Year of 2015/2016 in terms of qualitative and quantitative aspects. Sample of this research was all student answer sheets of XI Natural Science (XI Natural Science 1 to 6) comprised 192 students. Test items of final examination of the second semester comprised 30 multiple choice questions. Research findings showed inappropriate test items in term of qualitative aspect, there were 8 (26.7%) test items in term of material, 12 (40%) test items in term of construction, and 23 (76.6%) test items in term of language. Whereas in the quantitative aspect, 3 (10%) test items were not valid. High reliability test items were 0.72. In term of discriminator, there were 3 (10%) test items were on bad category, 11 (36.7%) test items were on medium category, and 16 (53.3%) test items were on good category. In term of difficulty level, there were 2 (6.9%) test items were on difficult category, 22 (72.4%) test items were on medium category, and 6 (23%) test items were on easy category. 27 (23%) options of distractors were not working. It could be concluded that the percentage of inappropriate test items in qualitative aspect was 47.7% meaning that the quality of test items was enough. In quantitative aspect validity, reliability, and discriminator were on good criteria, whereas difficulty level and distractor were on enough criterion.
Learning Number Patterns through Batik and Webbing Motifs: An Ethnomathematics Study in Kudus
Authors: Lestari Mulyaningrum , Malasari Putri Nur 
Published: January 2025

<p class="07Keywords">Number pattern learning lacks a link to everyday life. This research aims to find the concept of number patterns in batik and weaving motifs in the Japanese village of Kudus Regency. Qualitative approach with ethnographic model was used in this research. The subjects of this research were woven craftsmen in Japanese village, batik craftsmen in Alfa Shoofa Batik Kudus and Muria Batik Kudus. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation with research instruments in the form of interview guidelines, documentation, and field notes. The results of the research found the concept of arithmetic sequence in Kudus batik motifs. Kudus batik motifs form an arithmetic sequence with a difference of 6 and a difference of 3. In addition, odd and even number sequence patterns were found. Meanwhile, in the weaving of the Japanese village community, an arithmetic sequence with the formula Un = 2n -1 (odd number pattern) and Un = 2n (even number pattern) was found. The research findings can be developed as a learning resource for number patterns in mathematics learning.</p><p class="07Keywords"> </p><p class="07Keywords">Pembelajaran pola bilangan kurang mengaitkan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan konsep pola bilangan pada motif batik dan anyaman di desa Jepang Kabupaten Kudus. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan model etnografi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pengrajin anyaman di desa jepang, pengrajin batik di Alfa Shoofa Batik Kudus dan Muria Batik Kudus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi dengan instrumen penelitian berupa pedoman wawancara, dokumentasi, dan catatan lapangan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan konsep barisan aritmatika pada motif batik Kudus. Motif batik Kudus membentuk barisan aritmatika dengan beda 6 dan beda 3. Selain itu, ditemukan pola barisan bilangan ganjil, dan genap. Sementara pada anyaman masyarakat Desa Jepang ditemukan barisan aritmatika dengan rumus Un = 2n -1 (pola bilangan ganjil) dan Un = 2n (pola bilangan genap). Temuan penelitian dapat dikembangkan sebagai sumber belajar pola bilangan pada pembelajaran matematika.</p>
Ethnomathematics Exploration of Simo Dance and Gringsing Batik Dance from Batang Central Java in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Fahmy Ahmad Faridh Ricky , Saputra Moh. Alwi Andiansyah , Shandy Kevin Fredika 
Published: January 2025

<p class="06ContentAbstract"><span lang="EN-GB">Culture in Each region's culture has unique characteristics, which are often expressed through dance. As a cultural form, dance serves as a way to express emotions through body movements. In Batang Regency, there are two folk traditions called the Simo Dance and Gringsing Batik Dance. The movements of the two dances consist of forward beksan, beksan, and backward beksan movements. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. Observations, interviews and literature studies were carried out as data collection tools. The results indicate that mathematical concepts are present in the dances, including activities such as counting, patterns of hand and foot movements, and floor formations. These involve geometric concepts like plane shapes, spatial shapes, angles, and reflections. Further research can be developed from other aspects, such as clothing and musical notation which are related to mathematics.</span></p><p class="06ContentAbstract"> </p><p class="06ContentAbstract">Budaya di setiap daerah memiliki karakter tersendiri, termasuk kesenian tari. Tari sebagai bentuk budaya merupakan corak ekspresi perasaan yang dituangkan dalam gerakan tubuh. Di Kabupaten Batang, ada sebuah tradisi kerakyatan yaitu Tari <em>Simo</em> dan Tari Batik Gringsing. Gerakan kedua tari tersebut terdiri dari gerakan maju <em>beksan, beksan, </em>dan mundur <em>beksan. </em>Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Adapun observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka dilakukan sebagai tahap pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat aktivitas matematika seperti menghitung, pola gerakan tangan, kaki, dan pola lantai yang menggunakan konsep geometri seperti bangun datar, bangun ruang, sudut, dan refleksi. Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dikembangkan kembali dari aspek lain, seperti busana, dan notasi musik serta hubungannya dengan matematika.</p>
ASA Class Is a Stronger Predictor of Early Revision Risk Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty than BMI
Authors: Wall Christopher J. , de Steiger Richard N. , Vertullo Christopher J. , Harries Dylan , Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan Srinivas 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Although there is a known correlation between obesity and revision risk following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), there is an ongoing debate regarding the appropriateness of denying TKA solely based on the body mass index (BMI) of a patient. Our aim was to determine whether a patient’s American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class predicts their risks of early all-cause revision and revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following primary TKA, independent of their BMI.

Methods:
Data from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) were obtained regarding all patients who underwent primary TKA for osteoarthritis in Australia from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022. Estimated hazard ratios of all-cause revision and revision for PJI, as well as predicted risks of revision within 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years, as a function of patient ASA class and BMI, were calculated with use of multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.

Results:
A total of 274,786 primary TKAs (54.5% female; mean age, 68.3 years) were included in the study, of which 5,401 were revised during the study period. Compared with BMI, ASA class was a stronger predictor of the risks of all-cause revision and revision for PJI following primary TKA. Patients with an ASA class of 3 to 4 had higher risks of all-cause revision and revision for PJI at multiple time points after TKA compared with patients with an ASA class of 1 to 2, regardless of BMI.

Conclusions:
Although ASA class and BMI are theoretically interrelated variables, we found that a patient’s ASA class was more strongly associated with their risks of early all-cause revision and revision for PJI following primary TKA than their BMI. Employing a BMI threshold in isolation when assessing fitness for TKA may be inappropriate, and surgeons should give greater weight to the other medical comorbidities and general perioperative fitness of the patient. Patients with poorly controlled comorbidities should be referred for medical optimization prior to TKA.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
An Updated Demographic Profile of Orthopaedic Surgery Using a New ABOS Data Set
Authors: Caldwell Lindsey S. , Glass Natalie , Guyton Gregory P. , Elstein David W. , Nelson Charles L. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
The orthopaedic surgery physician workforce is predominately White and male and has been identified as the least diverse medical specialty. Increasing efforts toward diversification within orthopaedic surgery are underway. Evaluating the effectiveness of these programs requires a thorough understanding of the current demographic profile of the profession.

Methods:
The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) is the leading board certification organization for orthopaedic surgeons in the United States. The ABOS began collecting self-reported race/ethnicity and sex/gender data of its examinees and diplomates in 2017. This new data set of ABOS was analyzed to describe both the current demographic profile of orthopaedic surgery and trends over time. Underrepresented minority (URM) was defined as a group that is less well represented in orthopaedic surgery than in US census data and includes female, American Indian or Alaska Native, Black or African American, Hispanic/Latino, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander categories.

Results:
Of the 21,025 currently practicing ABOS diplomates with time-limited ABOS certificates (issued since 1986), 19,912 (94.7%) provided sex/gender data, and 19,876 (94.5%) provided race/ethnicity data. Approximately 84.78% selected male and 8.43% female. The majority identified as White (73.67%), whereas 16.35% selected a URM race/ethnicity category. There have been significant increases in the proportions of female (odds ratio [OR] = 4.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.64-6.11, p < 0.001) and URM (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.80-2.96, p < 0.0001). Diplomates among orthopaedic surgeons attaining ABOS board Diplomates from 1989 to present. Among the subspecialties, pediatric orthopaedics reported the highest percentage of females (30.4%). Spine had both the lowest percentage of females (2.63%) and the highest percentage of URMs (8.97%). Sports had the lowest percentage of URMs at 5.63%.

Conclusion:
Orthopaedic surgery in 2023 remains largely White and male. However, there have been promising trends toward diversification of orthopaedic surgery both in terms of gender and race/ethnicity. Specialties within orthopaedics have a wide variety of demographic profiles.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV Retrospective Cohort Study. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Substrate Size Impact on the Radiation Pattern of a Sub-THz Printed Antenna, and its Reduction Using Metasurface Elements
Authors: Tokarsky Peter , Yashchyshyn Yevhen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of substrate transverse dimensions and thickness on the radiating properties of a printed planar antenna of the sub-THz. Most substrates are electrically thick at these frequencies, contributing to the excitation of intense surface waves, which can significantly degrade the antenna characteristics. This manifests in a decrease in the radiation efficiency of the printed antenna and radiation pattern distortion. The latter effect is associated with the diffraction of surface waves at the substrate edges, therefore enormously depending on its size. So, to minimize the destructive impact of surface waves on the antenna radiation pattern, it was essential to study the dependence of its directional properties on the transverse dimensions and thickness of the substrate. The studies used a full-wave simulation of the printed antenna employing the FEKO software. The analysis of the results allowed us to establish the periodic character of the change in the antenna directivity and radiation efficiency with increased substrate size and to propose a constructive way to reduce the edge effect. It is shown that adding a metasurface made it possible to significantly reduce the edge effect due to the surface wave suppression and increase the radiation efficiency to almost 100%.
C-reactive protein dissociation contributes to choroidal neovascularization in vivo: implications for age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Hernandez Maria , Romero-Vazquez Sara , Recalde Sergio , Bezunartea Jaione , Moreno-Orduña Maite , Belza-Zuazu Idoia , Garcia-Layana Alfredo , Adan Alfredo , Fernandez-Robredo Patricia , Molins Blanca 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and inflammation processes play an important role in retinal disease development and C-reactive protein (CRP) has been shown to contribute to development diseases like Age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Our aim was to evaluate whether monomeric and pentameric CRP (pCRP, mCRP) isoforms contribute to CNV in vivo and to characterize the mechanism of CRP dissociation in-vivo and in vitro. Both CRP isoforms were intravitreally (IVT) or intravenously (IV) injected in mice, CNV was laser-induced, retinography and fluorescein angiography were performed to evaluate edema. Lectin, mCRP, F4/80 and C5b9 localization were assessed by immunofluorescence and visualized under a confocal microscope. Intensity of fluorescence of mCRP (IF mCRP) was also quantified. To confirm pCRP dissociation in ARPE-19 cells and mice, pCRP was coupled to a fluorochrome and IVT injected. A statistical increase in CNV areas was observed in pCRP IVT injected males (p<0.05) while a statistical decrease was shown in females (p<0.05). After IV injection, pCRP males showed an increase in CNV areas only vs. mCRP injected mice (p<0.05) and in females the injection of pCRP injected mice showed higher CNV areas vs. vehicle (p<0.05) and vs. mCRP injected mice (p<0.05). Retinal edema after IVT CRP injection was observed mainly in mCRP injected mice. In females there was an IF mCRP statistical decrease in pCRP IVT injected mice vs. vehicle and a statistical increase in pCRP IV injected mice vs. vehicle (p<0.05). Mice injected with IVT isoforms showed F4/80 positive cells and C5b-9 deposition around the CNV areas. mCRP labeling was observed in the intercellular space of the endothelial cells in the angiogenic area and detected in pCRP IVT injected animals, demonstrating the dissociation of pCRP into mCRP both in vitro and in vivo in proinflammatory microenvironments. In conclusion, CRP administration increased the area of CNV and the edema observed in the subretinal space, suggesting that CRP is activated in the CNV inflammatory environment. In addition, we demonstrated that pCRP dissociates in vivo into mCRP in damaged areas close to CNV, hypothesizing that the CNV process is exacerbated by mCRP.
Healthcare Providers' adherence on Neonatal infection prevention and control measures and its associated factors in Tanzania: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Komba Nicodem , Joho Angelina , Seif Saada Ali 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Adherence to prevention and control of neonatal infection is crucial in reduction and prevention of preventable neonatal deaths due to infection. However, newborn dying due to healthcare acquired infection is still high to 20% in Tanzania. This study investigated the adherence to IPC standards guidelines and associated factors among healthcare workers working within primary and secondary healthcare facilities. The results showed that, the HCWs adherence to standard guideline was 58%. Factors associated with the adherence to IPC standard guideline were, having adequate knowledgeable on IPC standard guideline, being under midwifery or nursing professional and aged between 36 to 50 years old.
Omicron Plus India: Trends Observed in S-gene Target Failure Detection Rate
Authors: Ganesan Praveenkumar , Nikam Chaitali , Sengupta Caesar , Ahmad Riyaj , Patil Darshak , Sharma Prince , Kallathi Kumar K. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-COV-2. As the world eagerly awaits the transition of the COVID-19 pandemic to an endemic, the ever-evolving virus has a new variant of concern, as announced by WHO on November 26th, 2021. The Omicron variant, B.1.1.529, was first reported to WHO on November 24th, 2021. The variant has a large number of mutations in the S-gene and has caused a detrimental change in COVID-19 epidemiology. The efficient management of COVID-19 depends on early diagnosis and treatment. This new chain of new variants of concern has always posed a challenge to the accurate diagnosis of COVID-19.

Methods:
In this study, we studied the S-gene target failure of positive cases of COVID-19 from December 2nd, 2021, to January 1st, 2022. Moreover, we checked this trend per month for two months after that by accumulating positives. All positive samples detected for COVID-19 by ICMR approved kit (target selections N and ORF1ab) were re-run using another ICMR-approved kit with three targets (S, N, and ORF1ab). The absence of S-gene in the target, i.e., S-gene target failure (SGTF), can be considered an indication of an Omicron variant as per the advisory policy. In continuation with this, considering the next wave in China, we tested SGTF for the next two months, and as expected, a reduction in SGTF percentage was observed.

Results:
A total of 53,276 samples were received in December 2021, of which 4848 samples showed a positive result for SARS-CoV-2. Out of this, 2119 (43.70%) samples showed SGTF. To analyze this trend, we tested 156 samples from February, 2022 and 118 samples from March, 2022, which resulted in only 8 (5.1%) and 3(2.5%) samples showing SGTF.

Conclusion:
The study sheds light on the doubling rate of infection of COVID-19 in India and SGTF, indicating the spread of the Omicron variant. The infection can be controlled by accurately diagnosing variants of concern (VOC), but all positive samples cannot be screened for sequencing. In this case, kits with multiple targets that show the SGTF can be used as a proxy screening test, and for further confirmation, whole genome sequencing can be done.
Demystifying artificial intelligence for veterinary professionals: practical applications and future potential
Authors: Sobkowich K. E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The field of veterinary medicine, like many others, is expected to undergo a significant transformation due to artificial intelligence (AI), although the full extent remains unclear. Artificial intelligence is already becoming prominent throughout daily life (eg, recommending movies, completing text messages, predicting traffic), yet many people do not realize they interact with it regularly. Despite its prevalence, opinions on AI in veterinary medicine range from skepticism to optimism to indifference. However, we are living through a key moment that calls for a balanced perspective, as the way we choose to address AI now will shape the future of the field. Future generations may view us as either overly optimistic, blinded by AI's allure, or overly pessimistic, failing to recognize its potential. By understanding how algorithms function and predictions are made, we can begin to demystify AI, seeing it not as an all-knowing entity but as a powerful tool that will assist veterinary professionals in providing high-level care and progressing in the field. Building awareness allows us to appreciate its strengths and limitations and recognize the ethical dilemmas that may arise. This review aims to provide an accessible overview of the status of AI in veterinary medicine. This review is not intended to be an exhaustive account of AI.
Peering into the Heart: A Comprehensive Exploration of Semantic Segmentation and Explainable AI on the MnMs-2 Cardiac MRI Dataset
Authors: Ayoob Mohamed , Nettasinghe Oshan , Sylvester Vithushan , Bowala Helmini , Mohideen Hamdaan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accurate and interpretable segmentation of medical images is crucial for computer-aided diagnosis and image-guided interventions. This study explores the integration of semantic segmentation and explainable AI techniques on the MnMs-2 Cardiac MRI dataset. We propose a segmentation model that achieves competitive dice scores (nearly 90 %) and Hausdorff distance (less than 70), demonstrating its effectiveness for cardiac MRI analysis. Furthermore, we leverage Grad-CAM, and Feature Ablation, explainable AI techniques, to visualise the regions of interest guiding the model predictions for a target class. This integration enhances interpretability, allowing us to gain insights into the model decision-making process and build trust in its predictions.
Динамика Национальной системы расселения России в XX - начале XXI века
Authors: Мазаев Антон Григорьевич 
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена рассмотрению динамики Национальной системы расселения Российской Федерации с 1939 г. по настоящее время. На основании авторской методики морфологического анализа распределения населения построены устойчивые паттерны, которые характеризуют текущее состояние системы расселения на периоды переписей. Относительно каждого устойчивого паттерна дана его качественная характеристика, раскрывающая также и направление дальнейшей эволюции Национальной системы расселения Российской Федерации. © Мазаев А. Г, 2018
The article is devoted to consideration of dynamics of the National settlement system of the Russian Federationfrom 1939 to present. Based on the author's methodology of the morphological analysis of the distribution of the population, stable patterns have been constructed that characterize the current state of the settlement system for the periods of censuses. Relative to each stable pattern, its qualitative characteristic is given, revealing also the direction of the further evolution of the National System of Settlement of the Russian Federation.
Развитие исторического квартала № 85 города Перми
Authors: Черемных Анна Андреевна , Шамарина Анна Александровна 
Published: January 2025

В статье описывается концепция развития исторического квартала № 85, расположенного в городе Перми. Она разрабатывалась на основе результатов градостроительного исследования, стратегиях Мастер-плана города, а также на положениях Правил землепользования и застройки города Перми. Кроме того, в рамках градостроительного исследования проведен ландшафтно-визуальный анализ. Результаты использованы при разработке идеи дальнейшего развития территории. © Черемных А.А., Шамарина А.А., 2018
The concept of the development of the historical quarter No. 85, located in the city of Perm, is described. It was developed, based on the results of an urban planning research, on the strategies Master plan of the city, and on provisions of Rules of land use and building of the city of Perm. Besides, within the urban planning research a landscape-visual analysis has been carried out. The findings were the basis for developing ideas for the development of the territory.