bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using ground coffee particle size and distribution to remodel beverage properties
Authors: Angeloni Giulia , Masella Piernicola , Spadi Agnese , Guerrini Lorenzo , Corti Ferdinando , Bellumori Maria , Calamai Luca , Innocenti Marzia , Parenti Alessandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examined the influence of ground coffee granulometry and particle distribution on extraction parameters. They have been investigated the physicochemical properties, and the bioactive and volatile compound content in coffee obtained by a conventional filter method, the French Press, as a function of particle size and distribution. Some samples have been used for the extraction the directly the grinding machine, set at different grinding grade, and other samples have been seed before the usage in order to reproduce samples at different particle size class very homogeneous. The results showed that bioactive and volatile compounds are released differently in the beverages depending on the specific particle size. The results have been demonstrated that a homogeneous grind was more deficient in bioactive compounds and total dissolved solids than a classical, bimodal grind. Moreover, extraction from a very fine homogeneous grind was poorest with respect to these compounds, despite the greater surface in contact with the solvent. Conversely, bimodal grinds obtained conventional by the grinding machine, which were more heterogeneous from a granulometric point of view, were found to be richer in volatile organic and bioactive compounds. The study highlights that the grind plays a key role in producing well-extracted coffee and, therefore, in making the most of the potential inherent in the roasted bean.
Outcomes After Spigelian Hernia Repair: A Nationwide Database Study
Authors: Lode Lise , Jensen Kristian K. , Helgstrand Frederik , Henriksen Nadia A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSpigelian hernia is a rare hernia of the abdominal wall. Due to lack of evidence, there is no standard recommendation for surgical technique of Spigelian hernia repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes after open and laparoscopic, elective and emergency repair of Spigelian hernias on a nationwide basis.
MethodsNationwide data from the Danish Ventral Hernia Database and the National Patient Registry was assessed to analyze outcomes after Spigelian hernia repair. A total of 365 patients were operated for Spigelian hernia in Denmark from 2007 to 2018. Ninety‐day readmission, 90‐day reoperation and long‐term operation for recurrence were evaluated, as well as possible differences between open and laparoscopic, and elective and emergency repairs.ResultsMost of the patients (80.5%, 294/365) were operated by laparoscopic approach and 19.5% (71/365) were operated by open approach. Elective surgery was performed in 83.6% (305/365) of the patients and 16.4% (60/365) underwent emergency repair. There were no significant differences in 90‐day readmission or reoperation rates between open or laparoscopic Spigelian hernia repairs, P = 0.778 and P = 0.531. Ninety‐day readmission and 90‐day reoperation rates were also comparable for elective versus emergency repair, P = 0.399 and P = 0.766. No difference was found in operation for recurrence rates between elective and emergency, nor open and laparoscopic Spigelian hernia repairs.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that 16% of Spigelian hernia repairs are done in the emergency setting. Open and laparoscopic approach are comparable in terms of early readmission, reoperation, and recurrence rates.
Amsacrine-based induction therapy in AML patients with cardiac comorbidities: a retrospective single-center analysis
Authors: Kuron David , Pohlmann Alexander , Angenendt Linus , Kessler Torsten , Mesters Rolf , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Stelljes Matthias , Lenz Georg , Schliemann Christoph , Mikesch Jan-Henrik 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Intensive chemotherapy is the backbone of induction treatment in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, AML patients with concomitant cardiac disease may not be eligible for anthracycline-based therapies. In a small cohort of patients, we have previously shown that anthracycline-free, amsacrine-based chemotherapy TAA (thioguanine, cytarabine, amsacrine) may be as effective as cytarabine/daunorubicin for induction therapy in these patients. In this systematic retrospective single-center analysis, we documented the outcome of 31 patients with significant cardiac comorbidities including coronary heart disease or cardiomyopathy receiving TAA as induction chemotherapy. Median (range) ejection fraction (EF) was 48% (30–67%) in this cohort. Patients with EF below 30% were considered unfit for intensive induction therapy. Event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) were 1.61, 5.46, and 13.6 months respectively. Poor outcome was primarily related to a high early mortality rate within the first 30 days of therapy, mainly caused by infectious complications. TAA cannot be recommended as a substitute of standard induction for AML patients with significant concomitant cardiac disease. In the era of novel agents, alternative strategies (e.g., hypomethylating agents plus venetoclax) should be considered when anthracycline-based regimens are not suitable.
What to consider for ECG in mice—with special emphasis on telemetry
Authors: Calvet Charlotte , Seebeck Petra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGenetically or surgically altered mice are commonly used as models of human cardiovascular diseases. Electrocardiography (ECG) is the gold standard to assess cardiac electrophysiology as well as to identify cardiac phenotypes and responses to pharmacological and surgical interventions. A variety of methods are used for mouse ECG acquisition under diverse conditions, making it difficult to compare different results. Non-invasive techniques allow only short-term data acquisition and are prone to stress or anesthesia related changes in cardiac activity. Telemetry offers continuous long-term acquisition of ECG data in conscious freely moving mice in their home cage environment. Additionally, it allows acquiring data 24/7 during different activities, can be combined with different challenges and most telemetry systems collect additional physiological parameters simultaneously. However, telemetry transmitters require surgical implantation, the equipment for data acquisition is relatively expensive and analysis of the vast number of ECG data is challenging and time-consuming. This review highlights the limits of non-invasive methods with respect to telemetry. In particular, primary screening using non-invasive methods can give a first hint; however, subtle cardiac phenotypes might be masked or compensated due to anesthesia and stress during these procedures. In addition, we detail the key differences between the mouse and human ECG. It is crucial to consider these differences when analyzing ECG data in order to properly translate the insights gained from murine models to human conditions.
Maximal aerobic and anaerobic power and time performance in 800 m double poling ergometer
Authors: Støren Øyvind , Sunde Arnstein , Helgerud Jan , Johansen Jan-Michael , Gjerløw Lars-Erik , Hjortland Henrik , Støa Eva Maria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent aerobic power (MAP), maximal anaerobic power (MANP), anaerobic capacity measured as time to exhaustion at 130% MAP (TTE), and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) correlated with 800 m double poling time trial performance (800TT) in a ski ergometer. A second aim was to investigate the relationship between TTE and MAOD, and to what extent TTE and MAOD would relate to anaerobic power reserve (APR). Eighteen cross-country skiers were tested for peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and oxygen cost of double poling to assess MAP. Peak power measurements during a 100 m TT were performed to assess MANP. TTE and an 800TT with continuous VO2 measurements were performed to assess time performance and MAOD. All tests were performed on a ski ergometer. Both MAP and MANP correlated strongly (r = − 0.936 and − 0.922, respectively, p < 0.01) with 800TT. Neither TTE nor MAOD correlated with 800TT. TTE correlated moderately with MAOD, both in mL kg−1 and in %VO2peak (r = 0.559, p < 0.05 and 0.621, p < 0.01, respectively). Both TTE and MAOD seemed to be a product of APR. These results suggest focusing on MAP and MANP, but not anaerobic capacity to explain time performance in an event with approximately 3 min duration.
Klinische Studie PEPCA
Authors: Bacher Tobias , Ewers Andre 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die patientenkontrollierte Analgesie (kurz: PCA) stellt ein etabliertes Mittel zur postoperativen Schmerztherapie dar. Eine der möglichen Applikationsformen ist dabei die PCRA (patientenkontrollierte Regionalanästhesie), die Verabreichung eines Lokalanästhetikums mittels Regionalkatheter. Voraussetzung ist dabei, dass die Patienten eine entsprechende Einweisung in deren Einsatz erhalten. Zahlreiche Quellen empfehlen, diese vor der Op. durchzuführen, da präoperative Schulungsmaßnahmen zum Schmerzmanagement die postoperativen Schmerzen und das Wohlbefinden signifikant verbessern können.

Fragestellung
Ziel dieser Studie war die Untersuchung des Effekts leitliniengestützter präoperativer Schulungen zu PCRA auf postoperative Schmerzen bei orthopädischen Eingriffen verglichen mit unstrukturierten postoperativen Einweisungen.

Material und Methoden
Es wurde eine kontrollierte Interventionsstudie mit zwei randomisierten Gruppen durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden 73 Patienten mit PCRA-Kathetern bei orthopädischen Eingriffen eingeschlossen. Die 37 Teilnehmer der Interventionsgruppe (IG) bekamen unmittelbar vor ihrem Eingriff eine leitfadengestützte, strukturierte Einschulung zum PCRA-Gebrauch sowie ein entsprechendes Handout. Die 36 Probanden der Kontrollgruppe (KG) erhielten eine unstrukturierte postoperative Einweisung im Aufwachraum. Schmerzen wurden anhand der numerischen Rangskala (NRS) 2 (t1), 6 (t2) und 24 h (t3) nach dem Eingriff erhoben.

Ergebnisse
Zwar wies die IG zu t1 und t3 geringere durchschnittliche Schmerzen auf, jedoch konnten keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Gruppen nachgewiesen werden.

Diskussion
Anhand der Outcomes sind weiterführende Erhebungen mit adaptierten Stichprobengrößen und Erhebungszeitpunkten zu empfehlen.
Akanthamöbenkeratitiden in Jugendlichen mit Orthokeratologielinsen
Authors: Aschauer Julia , Klimek Michal , Donner Ruth , Lammer Jan , Roberts Philipp , Schmidinger Gerald 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Durch die rasant steigende Prävalenz der Myopie kommen zunehmend progressionshemmende Verfahren zum Einsatz. Auch die Orthokeratologie, basierend auf dem Ansatz des peripheren Defokus, erlebt eine Renaissance. Die gefährlichste Nebenwirkung der Orthokeratologie ist die mikrobielle Keratitis, unter ihnen eine Infektion mit Akanthamöben, welche oft spät diagnostiziert wird und potenziell visusbedrohende Verläufe nehmen kann.

Material und Methode
Diese Fallserie beschreibt die Diagnosefindung und den Behandlungsverlauf der Akanthamöbenkeratitis bei jugendlichen Patient*innen mit Orthokeratologielinsen, welche an der Spezialambulanz für Hornhauterkrankungen der Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde und Optometrie an der Medizinischen Universität Wien im Zeitraum eines Jahres betreut wurden.

Resultate
Vier Fälle von orthokeratologieassoziierten Akanthamöbenkeratitiden wurden mittels kornealer Konfokalmikroskopie und mikrobiologischer Verfahren zwischen August 2021 und August 2022 diagnostiziert. Die intensive Stufentherapie umfasste ein hochdosiertes, topisches Biguanid in Kombination mit einem Diamidinderivat, welches in der ersten Therapiephase mit antibakteriellen und antifungalen Augentropfen kombiniert wurde. Der Therapieverlauf und -erfolg wurde mittels der kornealen Konfokalmikroskopie beurteilt, und entsprechend angepasst.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Akanthamöbenkeratitis ist ein ernst zu nehmendes Erkrankungsbild im Zusammenhang mit Orthokeratologielinsen. Im Hinblick auf das Alter der Zielgruppe dieser myopieprogressionshemmenden Therapie sollte, neben sorgfältiger Patientenselektion, auf eine detaillierte Schulung der Kontaktlinsenträger in der Handhabung der Linsen sowie auf ein erhöhtes Bewusstsein für Zeichen einer frühen Infektion besonderes Augenmerk gelegt werden. Da alternative Möglichkeiten zur Myopieprophylaxe bestehen, müssen PatentInnen auf das Risiko der jeweiligen Methode hingewiesen werden.
Sleep duration in preschool age and later behavioral and cognitive outcomes: an individual participant data meta-analysis in five European cohorts
Authors: Guerlich Kathrin , Avraam Demetris , Cadman Tim , Calas Lucinda , Charles Marie-Aline , Elhakeem Ahmed , Fernández-Barrés Silvia , Guxens Mònica , Heude Barbara , Ibarluzea Jesús , Inskip Hazel , Julvez Jordi , Lawlor Deborah A. , Murcia Mario , Salika Theodosia , Sunyer Jordi , Tafflet Muriel , Koletzko Berthold , Grote Veit , Plancoulaine Sabine 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Short sleep duration has been linked to adverse behavioral and cognitive outcomes in schoolchildren, but few studies examined this relation in preschoolers. We aimed to investigate the association between parent-reported sleep duration at 3.5 years and behavioral and cognitive outcomes at 5 years in European children. We used harmonized data from five cohorts of the European Union Child Cohort Network: ALSPAC, SWS (UK); EDEN, ELFE (France); INMA (Spain). Associations were estimated through DataSHIELD using adjusted generalized linear regression models fitted separately for each cohort and pooled with random-effects meta-analysis. Behavior was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Language and non-verbal intelligence were assessed by the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence or the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities. Behavioral and cognitive analyses included 11,920 and 2981 children, respectively (34.0%/13.4% of the original sample). In meta-analysis, longer mean sleep duration per day at 3.5 years was associated with lower mean internalizing and externalizing behavior percentile scores at 5 years (adjusted mean difference: − 1.27, 95% CI [− 2.22, − 0.32] / − 2.39, 95% CI [− 3.04, − 1.75]). Sleep duration and language or non-verbal intelligence showed trends of inverse associations, however, with imprecise estimates (adjusted mean difference: − 0.28, 95% CI [− 0.83, 0.27] / − 0.42, 95% CI [− 0.99, 0.15]). This individual participant data meta-analysis suggests that longer sleep duration in preschool age may be important for children’s later behavior and highlight the need for larger samples for robust analyses of cognitive outcomes. Findings could be influenced by confounding or reverse causality and require replication.
Why there is no need to use a big-M in linear bilevel optimization: a computational study of two ready-to-use approaches
Authors: Kleinert Thomas , Schmidt Martin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLinear bilevel optimization problems have gained increasing attention both in theory as well as in practical applications of Operations Research (OR) during the last years and decades. The latter is mainly due to the ability of this class of problems to model hierarchical decision processes. However, this ability makes bilevel problems also very hard to solve. Since no general-purpose solvers are available, a “best-practice” has developed in the applied OR community, in which not all people want to develop tailored algorithms but “just use” bilevel optimization as a modeling tool for practice. This best-practice is the big-M reformulation of the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions of the lower-level problem—an approach that has been shown to be highly problematic by Pineda and Morales (2019). Choosing invalid values for M yields solutions that may be arbitrarily bad. Checking the validity of the big-Ms is however shown to be as hard as solving the original bilevel problem in Kleinert et al. (2019). Nevertheless, due to its appealing simplicity, especially w.r.t. the required implementation effort, this ready-to-use approach still is the most popular method. Until now, there has been a lack of approaches that are competitive both in terms of implementation effort and computational cost. In this note we demonstrate that there is indeed another competitive ready-to-use approach: If the SOS-1 technique is applied to the KKT complementarity conditions, adding the simple additional root-node inequality developed by Kleinert et al. (2020) leads to a competitive performance—without having all the possible theoretical disadvantages of the big-M approach.
Determination of subpicogram levels of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for personal exposure monitoring assessment
Authors: van Drooge Barend L. , Prats Raimon M. , Jaén Clara , Grimalt Joan O. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA method based on the use of GC coupled to Q-exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (GC-Orbitrap-MS) has been developed for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at sub-picogram levels. Outdoor ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5) and standard reference materials (SRM2260a) were analyzed in full scan mode showing low instrumental uncertainties (1–22%) and high linearity over a wide concentration range (0.5 pg and 500 pg/μL). Good reproducibility was obtained compared to the use of conventional single quadrupole GC–MS of PM samples. The quantification limit of the GC-Orbitrap-MS method for full scan analysis of PAHs in outdoor ambient air PM samples was 0.5 pg/μL. This low limit allowed the analysis of PAHs in samples collected with low volumes (< 0.5 m3), such as punch samples from whole filters or filter strips from personal exposure monitoring equipment. PAHs were successfully analyzed in filter strips from real-time Aethalometer AE51 equivalent black carbon (eBC) analyzers used in urban and rural sites, and in personal exposure monitors of firefighters during prescribed burns. The correlations between PAHs and eBC in these analyses were very strong (r2 ≥ 0.93). However, the equations obtained reflected the dominance of different emission sources, such as traffic in urban areas, wood burning for domestic heating, or wildfires. The method reported here affords the analyses of PAHs in high precision studies of atmospheric PM samples, e.g., high frequency sampling of low volumes, affording personal exposure monitoring assessments.
Spiritual Caregiving and Assessments for America’s Religious ‘Nones’: A Chaplaincy Perspective
Authors: Potts Garrett , Hewitt Sage , Moore Monica , Mui Alaina , Lubrano Barbara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne in four American patients now identify as religiously unaffiliated. This study utilizes thematic analysis to deliver qualitative results from in-depth interviews conducted with five chaplains at a premier cancer research institution in Florida to envision what care for their spiritual dimension should look like in practice. It demonstrates why the chaplains interviewed suggested that spiritual caregiving still contributes to their holistic wellbeing, and it suggests how spiritual care and assessments may be provided to so-called religious ‘nones’—or those who identify as spiritual but not religious, not religiously affiliated, secular humanist, atheist, agnostic, and so on. We conclude with a novel spirituality assessment for use while serving this patient population.
The Place of Religiosity and Spirituality in Frankl’s Logotherapy: Distinguishing Salvific and Hygienic Objectives
Authors: García-Alandete Joaquín 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe relationship between psychology and religion has been widely debated in the field of psychology from its foundation as an empirical science to the present day. One author who was interested in the relationship between psychology and religion, the place of the latter in human nature, and its role in psychotherapy was the Viennese neurologist, psychiatrist, and philosopher Viktor Emil Frankl (1905–1997), the founder of logotherapy. This paper presents Frankl’s main ideas about religion, the religious nature of the human being, and the relationship between religiosity, psychotherapy, and logotherapy, as well as a review of the main criticisms he has received in this regard. Frankl always defended the differences and limits between religion and psychotherapy, between the priestly cure of souls and the medical cure of souls, and between the salvific objective of religion and the hygienic objective of psychotherapy. In our opinion, critical authors have failed to appreciate Frankl’s efforts to expose this distinction.
Protoplanetary Disk Science with the Orbiting Astronomical Satellite Investigating Stellar Systems (OASIS) Observatory
Authors: Schwarz Kamber R. , Najita Joan , Bergner Jennifer , Carr John , Tielens Alexander , Bergin Edwin A. , Wilner David , Leisawitz David , Walker Christopher K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Orbiting Astronomical Satellite for Investigating Stellar Systems (OASIS) is a NASA Astrophysics MIDEX-class mission concept, with the stated goal of Following water from galaxies, through protostellar systems, to Earth’s oceans. This paper details the protoplanetary disk science achievable with OASIS. OASIS’s suite of heterodyne receivers allow for simultaneous, high spectral resolution observations of water emission lines spanning a large range of physical conditions within protoplanetary disks. These observations will allow us to map the spatial distribution of water vapor in disks across evolutionary stages and assess the importance of water, particularly the location of the midplane water snowline, to planet formation. OASIS will also detect the H2 isotopologue HD in 100+ disks, allowing for the most accurate determination of total protoplanetary disk gas mass to date. When combined with the contemporaneous water observations, the HD detection will also allow us to trace the evolution of water vapor across evolutionary stages. These observations will enable OASIS to characterize the time development of the water distribution and the role water plays in the process of planetary system formation.
The Nobel prize in physiology and medicine – 2022
Authors: Hagymási Krisztina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to a Swedish geneticist, Svante Pääbo, for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution, for the sequencing of the genome of the Neanderthal, the discovery of a previously unknown hominin, Denisova, and the establishment of a new scientific discipline, paleogenomics.
Kemeny ranking aggregation meets the GPU
Authors: Rico Noelia , Alonso Pedro , Díaz Irene 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRanking aggregation, studied in the field of social choice theory, focuses on the combination of information with the aim of determining a winning ranking among some alternatives when the preferences of the voters are expressed by ordering the possible alternatives from most to least preferred. One of the most famous ranking aggregation methods can be traced back to 1959, when Kemeny introduces a measure of distance between a ranking and the opinion of the voters gathered in a profile of rankings. Using this, he proposed to elect as winning ranking of the election the one that minimizes the distance to the profile. This is factorial on the number of alternatives, posing a handicap in the runtime of the algorithms developed to find the winning ranking, which prevents its use in real problems where the number of alternatives is large. In this work we introduce the first algorithm for the Kemeny problem designed to be executed in a Graphical Processing Unit. The threads identifiers are codified to be associated with rankings by means of the factorial number system, a radix numeral system that is then used to uniquely pair a ranking with the thread using Lehmer’s code. Results guarantee constant execution time up to 14 alternatives.