bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescribed fire increases the number of ground‐nesting bee nests in tallgrass prairie remnants
Authors: Brokaw Julia , Portman Zachary M. , Bruninga‐Socolar Bethanne , Cariveau Daniel P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrescribed burning is a common management technique in tallgrass prairie remnants, but there have been few empirical studies that directly examine burning impacts on the nesting preferences and habitat of ground‐nesting bees.We used emergence traps in remnant tallgrass prairies in western Minnesota, USA to determine whether ground‐nesting bees prefer to nest in burned or unburned prairies. We estimated the total number of nests made by actively nesting bees in burned and unburned patches by assessing each specimen for wing and mandible wear, sex, and sociality. We also measured characteristics that may influence bee nesting preferences including bare ground, thatch depth, vegetative cover, and the floral community.We found more nests of actively nesting ground‐nesting bees in burned patches than unburned patches, but no differences in effective number of species of ground‐nesting bees or community composition. Burned patches had higher amounts of percent bare ground and a thinner thatch layer, but no differences in percent vegetative cover, floral abundance, flowering plant species richness, effective number of species of flowers or community composition.Our results suggest that ground‐nesting bees prefer to nest in burned patches of remnant tallgrass prairies and highlight opportunities for future research to better understand bee nesting ecology in response to prairie management.
Incorporation of patient and family values and preferences for health‐related outcomes in paediatric obesity management: A systematic review
Authors: Zenlea Ian S. , Sebastianski Meghan , Kucera Marsha , Mushquash Aislin R. , Boles Kara , Brogly Jennifer , Delacruz Brownwyn , McGeown Laura , Ball Geoff D. C. , Johnston Bradley C. ,   the Steering Committee for Updating Canada's Clinical Practice Guideline for Managing Pediatric Obesity
Published: February 2023

SummaryObjectiveA systematic review of value and preference studies conducted in children and their caregivers related to the estimated benefits and harms of interventions for managing paediatric obesity.MethodsWe searched Ovid Medline (1946–2022), Ovid Embase (1974–2022), EBSCO CINAHL (inception to 2022), Elsevier Scopus (inception to 2022), and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (inception to 2022). Reports were eligible if they included: behavioural and psychological, pharmacological, or surgical interventions; participants between (or had a mean age within) 0–18 years old with overweight or obesity; systematic reviews, primary quantitative, qualitative, or mixed/multiple methods studies; and values and preferences as main study outcomes. At least two team members independently screened studies, abstracted data, and appraised study quality.ResultsOur search yielded 11 010 reports; eight met the inclusion criteria. One study directly assessed values and preferences based on hypothetical pharmacological treatment for hyperphagia in individuals with Prader‐Willi Syndrome. Although not having reported on values and preferences using our a priori definitions, the remaining seven qualitative studies (n = 6 surgical; n = 1 pharmacological) explored general beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions about surgical and pharmacological interventions. No studies pertained to behavioural and psychological interventions.ConclusionFuture research is needed to elicit the values and preferences of children and caregivers using the best available estimates of the benefits and harms for pharmacological, surgical, and behavioural and psychological interventions.
Digital workflow for periodontal splinting with a guided device
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Bai Shizhu , Zhong Sheng , Liu Hengyan , Tian Min , Niu Lina , Fang Ming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo detail a technique for bonding periodontal splint precisely in a digital workflow.Clinical ConsiderationsPeriodontal splinting can be considered to stabilize the mobile teeth, especially for mandibular anterior teeth. Reliable bonding of periodontal splints is a prerequisite for successful clinical performance. However, when bonding the indirect splint to place or making direct splint intraorally, there is a significant risk of mobile teeth drifting away from the splint. To guide accurate insertion of periodontal splint with no risk of displacement of mobile teeth, a guide device fabricated by digital workflow is introduced in this article.ConclusionsPeriodontal compromised teeth can be provisionally fixed during splinting, with the help of the guided device, and precise bonding of the splint is readily accomplished by using such digital workflow. This technique is not only applicable to the lingual splints, but also suitable for the labial ones.Clinical SignificanceThe use of a guided device, after being digitally designed and fabricated, enables to stabilize the mobile teeth, in case of any displacement during splinting. It is straightforward, and beneficial to reduce the risk of complications, such as debonding of the splint, and secondary occlusal trauma.
Genomic variation across Chinook salmon populations reveals effects of a duplication on migration alleles and supports fine scale structure
Authors: Horn Rebekah L. , Narum Shawn R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe distribution of ecotypic variation in natural populations is influenced by neutral and adaptive evolutionary forces that are challenging to disentangle. This study provides a high‐resolution portrait of genomic variation in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) with emphasis on a region of major effect for ecotypic variation in migration timing. With a filtered data set of ~13 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from low‐coverage whole genome resequencing of 53 populations (3566 barcoded individuals), we contrasted patterns of genomic structure within and among major lineages and examined the extent of a selective sweep at a major effect region underlying migration timing (GREB1L/ROCK1). Neutral variation provided support for fine‐scale structure of populations, while allele frequency variation in GREB1L/ROCK1 was highly correlated with mean return timing for early and late migrating populations within each of the lineages (r2 = .58–.95; p < .001). However, the extent of selection within the genomic region controlling migration timing was much narrower in one lineage (interior stream‐type) compared to the other two major lineages, which corresponded to the breadth of phenotypic variation in migration timing observed among lineages. Evidence of a duplicated block within GREB1L/ROCK1 may be responsible for reduced recombination in this portion of the genome and contributes to phenotypic variation within and across lineages. Lastly, SNP positions across GREB1L/ROCK1 were assessed for their utility in discriminating migration timing among lineages, and we recommend multiple markers nearest the duplication to provide highest accuracy in conservation applications such as those that aim to protect early migrating Chinook salmon. These results highlight the need to investigate variation throughout the genome and the effects of structural variants on ecologically relevant phenotypic variation in natural species.
Natural variation of FKF1 controls flowering and adaptation during soybean domestication and improvement
Authors: Li Haiyang , Du Haiping , He Milan , Wang Jianhao , Wang Fan , Yuan Wenjie , Huang Zerong , Cheng Qun , Gou Chuanjie , Chen Zheng , Liu Baohui , Kong Fanjiang , Fang Chao , Zhao Xiaohui , Yu Deyue 
Published: February 2023

Summary

Soybean (Glycine max) is a major source of protein and edible oil world‐wide and is cultivated in a wide range of latitudes. However, it is extremely sensitive to photoperiod, which influences flowering time, maturity, and yield, and severely limits soybean latitude adaptation.

In this study, a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) identified a novel locus in accessions harboring the E1 allele, called Time of flowering 8 (Tof8), which promotes flowering and enhances adaptation to high latitude in cultivated soybean. Gene functional analyses showed that Tof8 is an ortholog of Arabidopsis FKF1.

We identified two FKF1 homologs in the soybean genome. Both FKF1 homologs are genetically dependent on E1 by binding to E1 promoter to activate E1 transcription, thus repressing FLOWERING LOCUS T 2a (FT2a) and FT5a transcription, which modulate flowering and maturity through the E1 pathway.

We also demonstrate that the natural allele FKF1bH3 facilitated adaptation of soybean to high‐latitude environments and was selected during domestication and improvement, leading to its rapid expansion in cultivated soybean. These findings provide novel insights into the roles of FKF1 in controlling flowering time and maturity in soybean and offer new means to fine‐tune adaptation to high latitudes and increase grain yield.
Introducing Norwegian parents to the Circle of Security Parenting program during the postpartum period: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Glavin Kari , Solberg Beate , Marie Sæther Kristin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivePublic health nurses in Norway provide a range of health promotion and primary prevention services to families in the postpartum period. The study objectives were to describe parents' experiences of: 1) being introduced to the Circle of Security Parenting program during a home visit and 2) participating in a parent group meeting.DesignQualitative descriptive study.SampleA purposeful sample of 24 caregivers (n = 15 mothers, n = 9 fathers) parenting an infant.MeasuresIn‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted to document participants experiences. Content analysis was used to code and categorize the data.FindingsThree main categories with seven subcategories reflected the parents’ experiences: 1) Confidence‐building home visit, 2) Awareness‐raising parental group, 3) Dissemination of knowledge.ConclusionsThe parents experienced the home visit as being on their family's terms and reassuring. The parental group session started a reflection process which made them aware of the importance of being present for their child, how to modify their communication and have a common understanding of childrearing. The parents thought the group was a great way to introduce the Circle of Security Parenting program and experienced it as a continuation of the information presented at the home visit. The introduction provided them with new knowledge.
Flagellin and mannitol modulate callose biosynthesis and deposition in soybean seedlings
Authors: Sangi Sara , Olimpio Geovanna Vitória , Coelho Fernanda Silva , Alexandrino Camilla R. , Da Cunha Maura , Grativol Clícia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCallose is a polymer deposited on the cell wall and is necessary for plant growth and development. Callose is synthesized by genes from the glucan synthase‐like family (GSL) and dynamically responds to various types of stress. Callose can inhibit pathogenic infection, in the case of biotic stresses, and maintain cell turgor and stiffen the plant cell wall in abiotic stresses. Here, we report the identification of 23 GSL genes (GmGSL) in the soybean genome. We performed phylogenetic analyses, gene structure prediction, duplication patterns, and expression profiles on several RNA‐Seq libraries. Our analyses show that WGD/Segmental duplication contributed to expanding this gene family in soybean. Next, we analyzed the callose responses in soybean under abiotic and biotic stresses. The data show that callose is induced by both osmotic stress and flagellin 22 (flg22) and is related to the activity of β‐1,3‐glucanases. By using RT‐qPCR, we evaluated the expression of GSL genes during the treatment of soybean roots with mannitol and flg22. The GmGSL23 gene was upregulated in seedlings treated with osmotic stress or flg22, showing the essential role of this gene in the soybean defense response to pathogenic organisms and osmotic stress. Our results provide an important understanding of the role of callose deposition and regulation of GSL genes in response to osmotic stress and flg22 infection in soybean seedlings.
Event‐related potentials show that parafoveal vision is insufficient for semantic integration
Authors: Schotter Elizabeth R. , Milligan Sara , Estevez Victoria M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReaders extract information from a word from parafoveal vision prior to looking at it. It has been argued that parafoveal perception allows readers to initiate linguistic processes, but it is unclear which stages of word processing are engaged: the process of extracting letter information to recognize words, or the process of extracting meaning to comprehend them. This study used the event‐related brain potential (ERP) technique to investigate how word recognition (indexed by the N400 effect for unexpected or anomalous compared to expected words) and semantic integration (indexed by the Late‐positive component; LPC effect for anomalous compared to expected words) are or are not elicited when the word is perceived only in parafoveal vision. Participants read a target word following a sentence that made it expected, unexpected, or anomalous, and read the sentences presented three words at a time in the Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) with flankers paradigm so that words were perceived in parafoveal and foveal vision. We orthogonally manipulated whether the target word was masked in parafoveal and/or foveal vision to dissociate the processing associated with perception of the target word from either location. We found that the N400 effect was generated from parafoveally perceived words, and was reduced for foveally perceived words if they were previously perceived parafoveally. In contrast, the LPC effect was only elicited if the word was perceived foveally, suggesting that readers must attend to a word directly in foveal vision in order to attempt to integrate its meaning into the sentence context.
Borrowing Spaces: The Geographies of ‘Libraries of Things’ in the Canadian Sharing Economy
Authors: Lynch Nicholas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOver the last decade, the sharing economy has resulted in numerous innovative sharing and borrowing practices, many of which have the potential to radically transform communities and societies. One such innovation is the Library of Things (LoT), a non‐profit sharing space modelled on traditional library systems, which enables users to borrow a diverse range of equipment, tools and goods. This paper contributes to the emerging literature and research on the non‐profit sharing economy and the role of LoTs as sharing spaces. Drawing on in‐depth interviews with LoT founders and managers, three main socio‐spatial themes are discussed in the development of Canadian LoTs: sharing cultures, sharing capital and sharing politics. Overall, this work highlights that the success and sustainability of these sharing spaces hinge on the negotiation of these complex social and spatial dynamics, ranging from their capacity to build spaces of collaboration, experimentation and community.
We just gotta do meta! Notes on disciplinary anxieties in Geography in India
Authors: Roy Shamindra Nath , Maringanti Anant 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA hundred years since its inception in college curriculum in India, geography as a discipline appears to be marked by a lack of self confidence. The persistently unenthusiastic response of Indian departments of geography to the present global health crisis over the past three years suggests that this is not a momentary loss of heart. We suggest that this is rather the result of the discipline's intertwining with post independence development policy in addition to the failure to integrate the sub disciplines of geography well with each other. As a way forward, we argue that the greatest promise in fact lies not in the universities but in networks across departments and independent research centres where geography can truly claim its place in the sun as a discipline that offers the relational approach that few other disciplines offer.
Comparative phylogeography and integrative systematic revision of Iberian endemic earthworms (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae)
Authors: Pinadero Sergio Jiménez , Marchán Daniel Fernández , Navarro Alejandro Martínez , Tilikj Natasha , Novo Marta , Domínguez Jorge , Díaz Cosín Darío J. , Trigo Dolores 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Iberian Peninsula and south‐western France have been postulated as centres of diversification of a wide variety of endemic earthworm species and genera within the Lumbricidae family. However, the phylogenetic position and identity of some of these endemisms is still uncertain and their phylogeographic patterns totally unknown. In the present study, phylogenetic analyses were carried out with the molecular markers COI, 16S, 28S, ND1 and 12S to clarify the phylogenetic position of the Iberian endemism Iberoscolex in the lumbricid tree. In addition, phylogeographic patterns of three of its species (I. albolineatus, I. carpetanus and I. gerardoi) were studied based on the COI marker and compared with patterns of species showing similar distributions within Castellodrilus (C. ibericus and C. chitae), another Iberian endemism. Phylogenetic trees recovered all species of the genus Iberoscolex (with the exception of I. pseudorroseus) within a clade differentiated from Eiseniona where some authors had placed Iberoscolex species before. Moreover, they were clustered with some species (including the type) of Orodrilus, an Iberian‐French endemism also sequenced for this study. Owing to the priority of Orodrilus, Iberoscolex should be considered a junior synonym, with all of the species formerly included within it assigned to a redefined Orodrilus. Strong population structure was observed for Iberoscolex and Castellodrilus species under study, together with a pattern of isolation by distance; however, these genera showed different patterns of genetic variability: the Castellodrilus species under study exhibit lower genetic diversity, with fewer haplotypes per population than the Iberoscolex species.
Ideal growth in amalgamated powers of nilpotent rings of class two and zeta functions of quiver representations
Authors: Bauer Tomer , Schein Michael M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLet be a nilpotent algebra of class two over a compact discrete valuation ring of characteristic zero or of sufficiently large positive characteristic. Let be the residue cardinality of . The ideal zeta function of is a Dirichlet series enumerating finite‐index ideals of . We prove that there is a rational function in , , , and giving the ideal zeta function of the amalgamation of copies of over the derived subring, for every , up to an explicit factor. More generally, we prove this for the zeta functions of nilpotent quiver representations of class two defined by Lee and Voll, and in particular for Dirichlet series counting graded submodules of a graded ‐module. If the algebra , or the quiver representation, is defined over , then we obtain a uniform rationality result.
Tranexamic acid for gastrointestinal bleeding: can a reduction in the risk of death be discounted? A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data from 64 724 bleeding patients
Authors: Ker Katharine , Mansukhani Raoul , Shakur-Still Haleema , Arribas Monica , Beaumont Danielle , Roberts Ian 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesHALT-IT was an international, randomised trial which assessed the effects of tranexamic acid (TXA) in 12 009 patients with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The results found no evidence that TXA reduces death. It is widely accepted that results of trials should be interpreted in the context of other relevant evidence. We conducted a systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis to assess if the results of HALT-IT are compatible with evidence for TXA in other bleeding conditions.DesignSystematic review and IPD meta-analysis of randomised trials involving ≥5000 patients assessing TXA for bleeding. We searched our Antifibrinolytics Trials Register on 1 November 2022. Two authors extracted data and assessed risk of bias.Data synthesisWe used a one-stage model to analyse IPD in a regression model stratified by trial. We assessed heterogeneity of the effect of TXA on death within 24 hours and vascular occlusive events (VOEs).ResultsWe included IPD for 64 724 patients from four trials involving patients with traumatic, obstetric and GI bleeding. Risk of bias was low. There was no evidence for heterogeneity between trials for the effect of TXA on death or for the effect of TXA on VOEs. TXA reduced the odds of death by 16% (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.91, p<0.0001; p-heterogeneity=0.40). In patients treated within 3 hours of bleeding onset, TXA reduced the odds of death by 20% (0.80, 0.73 to 0.88, p<0.0001; p-heterogeneity=0.16). TXA did not increase the odds of VOEs (0.94, 0.81 to 1.08, p for effect=0.36; p-heterogeneity=0.27).ConclusionsThere is no evidence for statistical heterogeneity between trials assessing the effect of TXA on death or VOEs in different bleeding conditions. When the HALT-IT results are considered in the context of other evidence, a reduction in the risk of death cannot be discounted.Trial registration numberPROSPERO CRD42019128260.Cite Now
Government purchasing initiatives involving private providers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a systematic review of impact on health service utilisation
Authors: Zaidi Shehla , Das Jai K , Jamal Wafa , Ali Ammarah , Siddiqui Faareha , Thabet Aya , Salah Hassan , Mataria Awad 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis paper provides a systematic review of evidence of government purchase of health services from private providers through stand-alone contracting-out (CO) initiatives and CO insurance schemes (CO-I) on health service utilisation in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) to inform universal health coverage 2030 strategies.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesElectronic search of published and grey literature on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, CINHAL, Google Scholar and web, including websites of ministries of health from January 2010 to November 2021.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, time series, before–after and endline with comparison group reporting quantitative utilisation of data across 16 low-income and middle-income states of EMR. Search was limited to publications in English or English translation.Data extraction and synthesisWe planned for meta-analysis, but due to limited data and heterogeneous outcomes, descriptive analysis was performed.ResultsSeveral initiatives were identified but only 128 studies were eligible for full-text screening and 17 met the inclusion criteria. These included CO (n=9), CO-I (n=3) and a combination of both (n=5) across seven countries. Eight studies assessed interventions at national level and nine at subnational level. Seven studies reported on purchasing arrangements with non-governmental organisations, 10 on private hospitals and clinics. Impact on outpatient curative care utilisation was seen in both CO and CO-I, positive evidence of improved maternity care service volumes was seen mainly from CO interventions and less reported from CO-I, whereas data on child health service volume was only available for CO and indicated negative impact on service volumes. The studies also suggest pro-poor effect for CO initiatives, whereas there was scarce data for CO-I.ConclusionPurchasing involving stand-alone CO and CO-I interventions in EMR positively impact general curative care utilisation, but lacks conclusive evidence for other services. Policy attention is needed for embedded evaluations within programmes, standardised outcome metrics and disaggregated utilisation data.