bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color Doppler ultrasound for assessing the efficacy of conservative treatment of pediatric femoral shaft fractures at different sites
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Xing , Wu Jun , Zhang Yuan , Shi Mingyan , Zhang Man , Wang Peikang , Zhang Xinkai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Ultrasonography is a new alternative to conventional X-ray in fracture examination that avoids radiation damage, but it is unclear whether it can assess fracture healing in children. To clarify the value of ultrasound applications, in this study we used Color Doppler ultrasound to assess whether there were differences between the recovery of children with femoral shaft fractures at different sites in conservative treatment.
Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study to investigate children with femoral shaft fractures treated conservatively who were admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to December 2021. All cases were divided into three groups according to the site of the fracture: upper, middle, and lower segments, and the children were follow-up and observed using Color Doppler ultrasound at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks after the injury, compared the fracture recovery between the groups.
Results: This study included 31 males and 12 females, for a total of 43 children with femoral shaft fractures. The results showed no statistical difference in the ratio of callus thickness to femur width, callus growth rate, and vascular resistance index (RI) detected at different fracture sites at the same time after injury (p > 0.05). However, we found that the RI were smaller in the group with faster callus growth rate and vice versa. In addition, when examined at different time, there were statistical differences in the ratio of callus thickness to femur width, callus growth rate, and RI between the different time groups (p > 0.05), and as the time after injury increased, the callus growth rate gradually became slower and the RI value gradually decreased.
Conclusions: These results indicate that children with femoral shaft fractures at different sites have a consistent degree of recovery during conservative treatment, and Color Doppler ultrasound can monitor the recovery process and effectively evaluate bone callus growth by detecting the blood supply around the edge of the fracture.
Raking: an innovative and sustainable echinoculture method to produce “caviar” without sacrificing sea urchins
Authors: Rakaj Arnold , Grosso Luca , Fianchini Alessandra , Cataudella Stefano 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Sea urchin aquaculture represents a promising tool to achieve sustainable aquaculture, promote sector diversification and obtain high-priced products using low-trophic species. However, although echinoculture has been practised for several decades, this sector has not yet achieved economic sustainability and large-scale development mainly due to problems linked to long-term sea urchin rearing cycles. In this paper we present a groundbreaking production method, called "Raking", for sea urchin caviar production that represents a technological advancement both in terms of production approach and in the final product. Raking, in fact, is a no-kill method for the harvesting of eggs as a final product (sea urchin caviar) from only-female batches of sea urchins, meaning that the same sea urchins are employed through several production cycles. This method, therefore, helps overcome important biological and economic constraints of echinoculture, such as high mortality in the early development stages and the slow speed of growth to reach viable market size. This new production method was compared with a traditional gonad enhancement method known as Bulking. Our results showed that multi-cycle production using the Raking method proved more profitable and sustainable than the Bulking method, and in fact allowed us to obtain a cyclic ovulation with a total regenerative capacity of the ovary of about 3/4 months, employing the same sea urchin batch in each productive cycle. In addition, the sea urchin caviar harvested in this way was appreciated by assessors in terms of its sensory qualities and was actually preferred to the traditional gonad products, when assessors were informed of the sustainability and ethical criteria of the Raking production method.
Influence of organic liquid fertilizer developed from livestock manure on the growth, antioxidant activities, and soil microbial populations of Chinese cabbage
Authors: Lee Junkyung , Jo Na-Yeon , Shim Su-Yeon , Le Tran Yen Linh , Jeong Woo Yong , Kwak Ki Wung , Choi Hyun Sik , Lee Byong-O , Kim Soo-Ryang , Lee Myung-Gyu , Hwang Sun-Goo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground Effluents from livestock excretion have worldwide environmental disadvantages, such as air and water pollution. However, livestock manure and organic liquid fertilizers developed for the proper management of livestock excretions can be used as environmentally friendly fertilizers for sustainable agriculture. Therefore, we investigated the effects of organic liquid fertilizers on the growth and antioxidant accumulation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapasubsp.Pekinensis). Results Three liquid fertilizers, chemical liquid fertilizer (CLF), fermented liquid manure (FLM) from pig droppings, and liquid bio-fertilizer (LBF) fromChlorellacultured in purified organic liquid manure, were used in this experiment. Plant performance was observed and soil microbial changes caused by these liquid fertilizers were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. We observed the highest plant growth in terms of plant length, chlorophyll concentration, width and length of leaves, and fresh and dry weights in the CLF group. LBF led to improved plant growth compared to FLM. Chlorophyll concentrations and color measurements of the plants were higher with LBF than with FLM. Interestingly, LBF affected plant substances with respect to sugar, ascorbic acid, and antioxidants in Chinese cabbage compared to CLF and FLM. The highest total polyphenol and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, nitrite-scavenging capacity, and reducing power were observed in the LBF group. Significant changes in the bacterial population were observed in amplicon sequence variant analysis; the presence of Verrucomicrobia increased in soils after FLM and LBF treatments. LBF-treated soils had a higher abundance of Proteobacteria than FLM-treated soils. Conclusions We studied the effects of organic fertilizers across different liquid fertilizers on plant growth, antioxidants, and soil microorganisms. Especially, the LBF as organic bio-liquid fertilizer improved the plant growth and substances in Chinese cabbage under a controlled environment agriculture system. We have identified the specific bacterial species regarding the production process of liquid fertilizers in the change of soil microbial communities by the short-term experimental treatment. Thus, the proper development of organic bio-liquid fertilizer can contribute to the organic waste-recycling systems of livestock excretions for sustainable agriculture.
Protein language model powers accurate and fast sequence search for remote homology
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Ziye , You Ronghui , Xie Chenghan , Wei Hong , Xiong Yi , Yang Jianyi , Zhu Shanfeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Homologous protein search is one of the most commonly used methods for protein annotation and analysis. Compared to structure search, detecting distant evolutionary relationships from sequences alone remains challenging. Here we propose PLMSearch (Protein Language Model), a homologous protein search method with only sequences as input. With deep representations from a pre-trained protein language model to predict similarity, PLMSearch can capture the remote homology information hidden behind the sequences. Extensive experiment results show that PLMSearch improves the sensitivity of other sequence search methods by more than threefold, and is comparable to state-of-the-art structure search methods. In particular, unlike traditional sequence search methods, PLMSearch can recall most remote homology pairs with low sequence similarity but sharing similar structures. PLMSearch is freely available at https://issubmission.sjtu.edu.cn/PLMSearch.
HDAC6 inhibition to treat heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Ranjbarvaziri Sara , Zeng Aliya , Wu Iris , Greer-Short Amara , Farshidfar Farshad , Budan Ana , Xu Emma , Shenwai Reva , Kozubov Matthew , Li Cindy , Pell Melissa Van , Grafton Francis , Mackay Charles , Song Xiaomei , Priest James , Argast Gretchen , Mandegar Mohammad , Hoey Timothy , Yang Jin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a prevalent health condition associated with high morbidity and mortality, but currently, there are few effective therapies. Our previous research showed that inhibiting histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) had a beneficial effect on a genetic cardiomyopathy model. The overlapping underlying mechanisms involving inflammation and metabolism between cardiomyopathy and HFpEF prompted us to explore HDAC6 inhibition as a potential therapy for HFpEF. The results showed that the specific HDAC6 inhibitor TYA-018 improved heart function in mouse models of HFpEF, including a newly developed model that combines moderate trans-aortic constriction and high-fat diet to mimic the systemic and cardiovascular features of human HFpEF. In both models, inhibiting HDAC6 with TYA-018 reversed preexisting cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, and improved lung congestion and exercise capacity. The efficacy of TYA-018 was comparable to a SGLT2 inhibitor, and the combination showed increased effects. Mechanistically, TYA-018 restored expression of gene sets associated with hypertrophy, fibrosis, and mitochondrial energy production in heart tissue from HFpEF mice. TYA-018 also inhibited activation of human cardiac fibroblasts and increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity in induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. These findings support the direct role of HDAC6 on HFpEF pathophysiology in the heart and that inhibiting HDAC6 may be a promising approach to treating HFpEF.
Structure and Interactions of the Endogenous Human Commander Complex
Authors: Laulumaa Saara , Kumpula Esa-Pekka , Huiskonen Juha , Varjosalo Markku 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Commander complex, a 16-protein assembly, plays multiple roles in cell homeostasis, cell cycle, and immune response. It consists of COMMD1-10, CCDC22, CCDC93, DENND10, and the Retriever sub-complex (VPS26C, VPS29, and VPS35L), all expressed ubiquitously in the body and linked to various diseases. Here, we report the structure and key interactions of the endogenous human Commander complex by cryogenic electron microscopy and mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The complex consists of a stable core of COMMD1–10 and an effector containing DENND10 and Retriever, scaffolded together by CCDC22 and CCDC93. We establish the composition of Commander and reveal major interaction interfaces. These findings clarify its roles in intracellular transport, and uncover a strong association with cilium assembly, and centrosome and centriole functions.
Diffusion Capability of Cs-137 in Compacted Soil and Bentonite Under Groundwater-saturated Condition
Authors: Salma Sufi Adzkia , Ekaningrum Nurul Efri , Pratama Hendra Adhi , Setiawan Budi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Several researches have been studied the diffusion coefficient (Da) of radionuclide in soil samples in varies location around the world; however, the effect of cations in groundwater as a medium of saturation for Cs-137 diffusion in soil and bentonite remains to be accomplished. Compacted soil and bentonite layers are utilized in the construction of radioactive waste disposal sites, which serve to prevent the release of Cs-137 from the repository to the unsaturated zone. The samples used were soil from the prospective disposal site in SP4 – Serpong Nuclear Center (SNC) and bentonite taken from Santrijaya, Tasikmalaya. The diffusion coefficient (Da) is used as indicator of Cesium-137 diffusion in the samples. Experimental measurements were conducted on a diffusion column unit that varied in diffusion time and density conditions to determine diffusion coefficients. The samples were cut into slices and analyzed using Multichannel Analyzer (MCA) unit to measure Cs-137 radioactivity. The measurement results were then incorporated into Fick's Law equation to obtain the value of the diffusion coefficient (Da) of Cs-137 in soil and bentonite. The experimental results showed that the diffusion coefficients of samples with groundwater simulation are in the range of 10− 12 m2.s− 1 for the local soil and bentonite samples, respectively. Compare to the similar experiment that was conducted previously, the results indicated that the groundwater content could slightly impact the increase in the diffusion coefficient value of Cs-137.
Cure Model for End-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease Patients at Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, Dodoma,Tanzania
Authors: Amani Zuberi , Gadde Srinivasa Rao , Abbas Ismail 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research intended to fit the cure model for end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients by using statistical computing methods, comparing the survival probabilities of CKD treatments and determining the influence of treatments’ sponsorship on the survival of CKD patients. The study used a dataset from Benjamin Mkapa Hospital (BMH) of end-stage CKD patients treated from 2018 to 2021 for a follow-up time of 172 weeks and an exponentiated half-logistic (EHLD) distribution used as baseline distribution in this cure model. The findings revealed that the cure probability for National health insurance fund (NHIF) sponsored patients were 46% and the cure probability for self-sponsored patients was 5%. Additionally, the median survival for NHIF-sponsored subjects was 48 weeks and for self-sponsored was 36 weeks. The cure fraction for NHIF-sponsored CKD patients was significantly higher than for self-sponsored patients. Therefore, treatment sponsorship was a significant factor in the survival of end-stage CKD patients. This is a call to government institutions and various health stakeholders to improve CKD awareness among Tanzanians and access to CKD treatments.
An invertible, invariant crystallographic representation for inverse design of solid-state materials using generative deep learning
Authors: Xiao Hang , Li Rong , Shi Xiaoyang , Chen Yan , Zhu Liangliang , Chen Xi , Wang Lei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The past decade has witnessed rapid progress in deep learning for molecular design, owing to the availability of invertible and invariant representations for molecules such as simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES), which has powered cheminformatics since the late 1980s. However, the design of elemental components and their structural arrangement in solid-state materials to achieve certain desired properties is still a long-standing challenge in physics, chemistry and biology. This is primarily due to, unlike molecular inverse design, the lack of an invertible crystallographic representation that satisfies symmetry invariances. To address this issue, we have developed a simplified line-input crystal-encoding system (SLICES), which is a string-based crystallographic representation that satisfies both invertibility and symmetry invariances. SLICES successfully reconstructed 94.95% of over 40,000 structurally and chemically diverse crystal structures, showcasing an unprecedented invertibility. Furthermore, by only encoding compositional and topological data, SLICES guarantees symmetry invariances. We demonstrate the application of SLICES in the inverse design of direct narrow-gap semiconductors for optoelectronic applications. As a string-based, invertible, invariant and efficient crystallographic representation, SLICES has the potential to become a standard tool for in-silico materials discovery.
Prescribing exercise based on critical power is an effective way to control weight in adults with overweight or obesity: a scoping review
Authors: abedi-yekta amirhosein , aliabbar shiva , rabbni amirhassan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground Obesity is considered one of the chronic diseases associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Nowadays, exercise is considered one of the most effective treatments for it. In recent years, various studies have been carried out to find the most effective exercise prescription. Objective The aim of this scoping review is to answer the question of whether increasing the intensity of exercise is an effective solution to weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity. Method systematic reviews and Meta-analyses from 2017 to 2022 investigated high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in adults (18–65 years old) with obesity or overweight included. The expected outcomes were weight, body mass index (BMI), and total and abdominal fat mass. Results A total of four systematic reviews which included 165 RCT and 4427 participants were included. Long term-HIIT was effective in decreasing body weight, body mass index (BMI), and total and abdominal fat mass. Conclusion HIIT is a time-efficient exercise prescription to reduce weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), and total and abdominal fat mass, however, the outcomes were similar and no significant differences were found compared to moderate intensity continuous training (MICT). The lack of time can be compensated for by increasing the intensity, but this is not the most effective option with the most effects, so according to the physiology of exercise, perhaps the most effective solution for losing weight is to prescribe exercises tailored to each person's physiology and based on critical power.
Artificial intelligence-driven computer aided diagnosis system provides similar diagnosis value compared with doctors evaluation in lung cancer screening
Authors: Gao Shan , Xu Zexuan , Kang Wanli , Lv Xinna , Chu Naihui , Xu Shaofa , Hou Dailun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the consistency between doctors and Artificial Intelligence (AI) software in analyzing lung nodules, and further compare the advantages of doctors and artificial intelligence in identifying benign and malignant lung nodules based on the pathological results as the gold standard.
Materials and methods
This retrospective study analyzed participants over 40 years old in the local place from 2011 to 2013. Pulmonary nodules were radiologically examined with a low-dose chest CT scan while being evaluated by a doctor expert panel of radiology, oncology, and thoracic department, and by a computer-aided diagnostic system driven by AI, respectively. Consistency tests were used to evaluate the consistency of the radiological features of the lung nodules. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve(ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the possibility of lung cancer.
Results
Totally 570 subjects were included in this retrospective study. The AI software was very consistent with the panel's evaluation in the position and diameter of the lung nodules (kappa = 0.883, Concordance Correlation Coefficien(CCC) = 0.809, p = 0.000), and the consistency comparison of the solid nodules was acceptable in attenuation characteristics (kappa = 0.503); For patients diagnosed with lung cancer, the AUC of the panel and AI were 0.873 and 0.921, respectively, however, there was no significant difference (p = 0.0950). The diameter is a predictor of lung cancer in both panel and AI predictive models.
Conclusion
AI software can help doctors diagnose nodules and is consistent with doctors in differentiating between benign and malignant lung nodules.
Association between Tobacco Industry Interference Index (TIII) and MPOWER measures and adult daily smoking prevalence rate in 30 countries
Authors: Lee Yuri , Kim Siwoo , Kim Min Kyung , Kawachi Ichiro , Oh Juhwan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to investigate the impact of tobacco industry interference on the implementation and management of tobacco control and the tobacco epidemic using the Tobacco Industry Interference Index (TIII), and MPOWER—a package of measures for tobacco control—and adult daily smoking prevalence in 30 countries.
Methods
The TIII was extracted from the Global Tobacco Industry Interference Index 2019 and Global Center for Good Governance in Tobacco Control (GGTC). MPOWER measures and adult daily smoking prevalence rate were extracted from the World Health Organization (WHO) report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021. We assessed the ecological cross-lagged association between TIII and MPOWER scores as well as between TIII and age-standardized prevalence rates for adult daily tobacco users.
Results
Tobacco industry interference was inversely correlated with a country’s package of tobacco control measures (β=-0.088, P = 0.035). The TIII was correlated with weaker warnings about the dangers of tobacco (β=-0.016, P = 0.078) and lack of enforcement of bans on tobacco advertising promotion and sponsorship (β=-0.023, P = 0.026). In turn, the higher the TIII, the higher the age-standardized prevalence of adult daily smokers of tobacco for both sexes (β = 0.170, P = 0.036). Adult daily smoking prevalence in males (β = 0.417, P = 0.004) were higher in countries where the tobacco industry received incentives that benefited its business.
Conclusion
Where the interference of the tobacco industries was high, national compliance with the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was lower and prevalence of adult daily smokers higher. National governments and global society need to work together to minimize the tobacco industry’s efforts to interfere with tobacco control policies.
Polarizability Matters in Enantio-selection
Authors: Chen Fumin , Chen Yu , Chang Xiao-Yong , He Dongxu , Yang Qingjing , Wang David Zhigang , Xu Chen , Yu Peiyuan , Xing Xiangyou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The origin of enantio-selection in chiral induction events is usually thought to be consequences of steric, electronic, or conformational effects. Polarizability, as a fundamental electronic property, has been well recognized for controlling molecules’ stability and chemical reactivity in the classic hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) theory as well as modern density functional theory (DFT) frameworks. However, the underlying connection between polarizability and enantio-selection has long been largely overlooked. Uncovered herein is a new type of electronic effect based on polarizability that was shown to be well capable of rationalizing an extensive range of stereochemical observations made in the field of asymmetric catalysis. This effect provided a consistent enantio-control model for the prediction of major enantiomers formed in the ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenations of ketones. Direct and quantitative linear free energy relationships between substrates’ local polarizabilities and observed enantio-selections were also demonstrated in three widely known asymmetric catalytic systems. This broadly applicable polarizability-based scenario helps shed new light on the nature of chiral induction, and it appears to be more effective factor governing both of the sense and magnitude of enantio-selection. A balanced consideration on such new polarizability effect, in conjunction with conventional wisdom mainly leveraging on steric effect considerations, should aid rational design of enantio-selective processes for better production of chiral substances.