bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Animating the Trauma: Colonial Atrocities and the Use of New Media in Contemporary South Korean Museums
Authors: Kim Chung-kang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
When Tongnip kinyŏmgwan 독립기념관 (the Independence Hall of Korea) opened in 1987 to commemorate independence from Japanese colonial rule, the sensational depiction of violence within its technologically innovative diorama display drew substantial public attention. These diorama displays were particularly striking as they palpably demonstrated to visitors the brutal nature of colonial violence through a series of horrendous images of tortured and murdered Koreans. Across the globe, this use of exhibition as a means to “come to terms with the colonial past” has become a recurring feature within the museological production of national and local discourses of remembrance. In the three decades since the establishment of the Independence Hall, South Korean national, local, and private museums have been developing increasingly technically advanced ways to “animate” historically traumatic experiences. This article explores the transformation of the representation of historical trauma within South Korean museums over recent decades. By examining the popularization of VR (virtual reality) and other digital media, this article will argue that the display of violence through this new technology engenders a simplified, unitary sense of historical trauma, while this new virtual viewer experience also entails the possibility to view such an intended viewing position and create multiple actual personal meanings.
Anatomic Variants in the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Encountered During Resection of Vestibular Schwannomas
Authors: Carlstrom Lucas P. , Dornhoffer James R. , Randall Nicholas R. , Peris Celda Maria , Van Gompel Jamie J. , Driscoll Colin L. , Carlson Matthew L. , Link Michael J. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Vestibular schwannomas (VS) are often phenotypically benign lesions that may be technically challenging to resect because of involvement of neurovascular structures. The anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) is commonly identified near VS, with variable position in relation to the tumor; however, little published literature describes anatomic and pathologic variants of AICA observed during VS resection.

METHODS:
A prospectively maintained cohort of surgically managed VS with available operative reports and clinical/radiographic follow-up was queried and reviewed for noted aberrations.

RESULTS:
We identified 66 cases with noted AICA abnormalities among 880 reviewer cases, including 20 loops extending into the internal auditory canal (2.3%), 18 arteries embedded in dura (2.0%), 15 AICA branches directly within VS (1.7%), 8 main trunk arteries coursing between cranial nerves 7 and 8 (0.9%), 3 arteries embedded in temporal bone (0.2%), 1 aneurysm (0.1%), and 1 artery bifurcating cranial nerve 6 (0.1%). The median age of AICA-variant patients was 55 years (range 19-74), and 29 were female (45%). Compared with the other AICA variants, tumors embedded with AICA tended to be larger lesions on maximal axial diameter (2.9 vs 1.6 cm; P = .006), they more commonly underwent less than total resection (73% vs 28%; P = .0001), and they had higher rates postoperative House-Brackmann scores >2 (47% vs 20%; P = .005). Two patients had radiographic and symptomatic postoperative cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage—1 from a bone-encased AICA and 1 from a dural embedded variant.

CONCLUSION:
Anatomic variants of AICA occur in approximately 7% of VS operations. Most aberrations do not affect surgical or clinical outcomes, and the rate of major vascular injury was low. However, certain types variably add operative time and in the case of AICA encasement in the tumor, likely indicate a more aggressive tumor phenotype with lower rates of gross total resection and high incidences of facial nerve weakness.
Optimizing Surgical Efficiency in Complex Spine Surgery Using Virtual Reality as a Communication Technology to Promote a Shared Mental Model: A Case Series and Review
Authors: Laskay Nicholas M. B. , Parr Matthew S. , Mooney James , Farber S. Harrison , Knowlin Laquanda T. , Chang Todd , Uribe Juan S. , Johnston James M. , Godzik Jakub 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology that can be used to promote a shared mental model among a surgical team. We present a case series demonstrating the use of 3-dimensional (3D) VR models to visually communicate procedural steps to a surgical team to promote a common operating objective. We also review the literature on existing uses of VR for preoperative communication and planning in spine surgery.

METHODS:
Narrations of 3 to 4-minute walkthroughs were created in a VR visualization platform, converted, and distributed to team members through text and email the night before surgical intervention. A VR huddle was held immediately before the intervention to refine surgical goals. After the intervention, the participating team members’ perceptions on the value of the tool were assessed using a survey that used a 5-point Likert scale. MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Dimensions AI databases were queried from July 2010 to October 2022 to examine existing literature on preoperative VR use to plan spine surgery.

RESULTS:
Three illustrative cases are presented with accompanying video. Postoperative survey results demonstrate a positive experience among surgical team members after reviewing preoperative plans created with patient-specific 3D VR models. Respondents felt that preoperative VR video review was “moderately useful” or more useful in improving their understanding of the operational sequence (71%, 5/7), in enhancing their ability to understand their role (86%, 6/7), and in improving the safety or efficiency of the case (86%, 6/7).

CONCLUSION:
We present a proof of concept of a novel preoperative communication tool used to create a shared mental model of a common operating objective for surgical team members using narrated 3D VR models. Initial survey results demonstrate positive feedback among respondents. There is a paucity of literature investigating VR technology as a means for preoperative surgical communication in spine surgery.

ETHICS:
Institutional review board approval (IRB-300009785) was obtained before this study.
Crossroads in virology: current challenges and future perspectives in the age of emerging viruses
Authors: Sanyal Sumana 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Ongoing global health challenges posed by emerging and re-emerging viruses have highlighted the critical importance of understanding virus–host interactions in countering these threats. Environmental changes, urbanisation and ecological disruption, coupled with the adaptable nature of viruses, facilitates the emergence and spread of new viruses. This Editorial emphasises the urgency of a concerted effort in understanding virus–host interactions to inform the development of therapeutics and vaccines, and help predict disease outcomes. Furthermore, efforts to monitor viral evolution, identify mutations of concern, and develop ‘universal’ vaccines and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs are needed to counter viral evolution and potentially prevent future viral emergences. Widespread public mistrust surrounding viruses and vaccines also calls for improvement in science communication. A ‘One Health’ approach that advocates the development of robust global health systems, interdisciplinary collaborations and equity in health access is therefore imperative for transforming the virology landscape.
Comparing the effectiveness of pterostilbene and sitagliptin on modulating inflammatory levels and inducing autophagy to improve atherosclerosis outcome: A preclinical study in rabbits
Authors: Sahib Hussam H , Mohammad Bassim I , Hadi Najah R , Al-Shaibany Azhar , Philip Anil K , Mohammed Wisam J , Jamil Dina A , Al-Aubaidy Hayder A 
Published: September 2023

Background: Inflammation is the key contributor to the development of atherosclerotic plague. This study aims to evaluate the protective and autophagy induction properties of pterostilbene and sitagliptin on modulating the degree of atherosclerosis in rabbit models treated with an atherogenic diet. Methods: 80 rabbits were randomly placed into one of four study groups (20 in each group): normal control diet (NC) fed normal diet for eight weeks, atherogenic control (AC) fed atherogenic diet for eight weeks, pterostilbene treated group (PT) fed atherogenic diet with pterostilbene (at 10 mg/kg/day) orally daily for eight weeks, and sitagliptin treated group (ST) fed atherogenic diet with sitagliptin (at 12 mg/kg/day) orally daily for eight weeks. Results: While serum lipids and F2-isoprostane were elevated significantly in the AC study cohort compared to NC study cohort, (P < 0.001), both pterostilbene and sitagliptin supplementations provided significant improvements in serum lipid parameters and F2-isoprostane in the PT study cohort and ST study cohort, respectively, when compared to the AC study cohort, (P<0.001). Total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL levels were significantly reduced among the PT and ST study cohorts as compared to the AC study cohort. This was coupled with a significant rise in LC3B levels (marker of tissue autophagy) among the PT study cohort and the ST study cohort, as compared to the AC study cohort, (P < 0.001). The RNA expression of mTORC1 was reduced significantly at both PT study cohort and ST study cohort, (P<0.001). Pterostilbene supplementation induced a significant reduction in tissue expression of PI3K and AKT, (P<0.01), while sitagliptin induced significant reduction in 5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels, (P<0.001). Conclusions: The results indicate that pterostilbene and/or sitagliptin supplementation can significantly improve the outcome of atherosclerosis due to their effects on the inflammatory pathways which hinder the progression of atherosclerotic plaque formation.
Toward esthetically and biomechanically reliable anterior resin composite restorations: Current clinical experiences among dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almulhim Khalid S. , AlSheikh Rasha , Abdalla Moamen , Haridy Rasha , Bugshan Amr , Smith Stephen , Zeeshan Mohammed , Elgezawi Moataz 
Published: September 2023

Background: Esthetic anterior composite restorations are very challenging. They constitute a main part of the clinical practice of restoring teeth with resin composites. Distinctive variations in composite material selection and technique of application in anterior teeth exist when compared to the practice of restoring posterior teeth with resin composites. In a continuation of a previous assessment of class II resin composite practice, a cross-sectional survey study was performed to determine the awareness of general dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia about resin composite restorations in anterior teeth and to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve their practice. Methods: A total of 500 dental practitioners from different provinces in Saudi Arabia were invited to participate in an online questionnaire which comprised four domains and included a total of sixteen questions addressing aspects regarding the selection of resin composites, cavity configuration, etching protocol, light-curing technique, liner application, application of poly-chromatic composite, as well as finishing and polishing procedures. Chi square testing and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the attained data. Results: From 250 respondents, the greatest participation was from the Eastern and Middle provinces of Saudi Arabia. Female dentists participated less than males. There was no general agreement between participants regarding the resin composite material or the employed technique of application in restoring anterior tooth defects. Respondents indicated that discoloration and hypersensitivity were the most common reasons for patient’s dissatisfaction with resin composites in anterior teeth. Conclusions: Dental practitioners are highly encouraged to improve their clinical practice of restoring anterior teeth using resin composites with the focus upon continuous education programs, online webinars, and workshops.
Storage stability of a fluidized-bed agglomerated spray-dried strawberry powder mixture
Authors: Castaño Peláez Hader Ivan , Cortés-Rodríguez Misael , Ortega-Toro Rodrigo 
Published: September 2023

Background: Strawberry is a fruit with a high antioxidant capacity due to its richness in phenolic compounds that suffer a rapid post-harvest deterioration. Spray drying is an alternative to reduce losses; however, these powders present problems of instantanisation, making it necessary to implement agglomeration processes. During storage, powdered food products can undergo a series of changes in their amorphous state from a product initially in a vitreous state to a gummy state, where all properties are substantially modified due to the increased mobility of water in the matrix. Methods: The research objective was to evaluate the storage stability (6 months) of a fluidized bed agglomerated strawberry powder mixture at three temperatures (15, 25 and 25°C), a controlled environment at 65% relative moisture, and PET foil laminated film bags as packaging. Moisture, water activity, bulk and compacted density, Carr and Hausner indices, solubility, hygroscopicity, wettability, angle of repose, antioxidant capacities, total phenols, anthocyanins, vitamin C, color (CIE-Lab) and particle size were monitored. Results: ANOVA showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) for all dependent variables concerning storage time; storage temperature had no significant effect on S, ABTS, DPPH and Hu. The time-temperature interaction during storage had no significant effect (p>0.05) on S, ABTS, DPPH, Hu and L. The agglomerate showed moisture and aw values that confer excellent stability against deterioration reactions; it retained good fluidity, low cohesiveness, and retentions above 50% for antioxidant capacity, 76% for total phenols, 39% for anthocyanins, and 40% for vitamin C; particle size was retained during the evaluation. The color was only affected in the 35°C treatment from the fifth month onwards. Conclusions: The study will serve as a tool for the determination of the shelf life of the chipboard once the critical values of the attributes selected as predictors of shelf life are defined.
Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of BlueM active oxygen gel and Coe-pak dressing on post-operative healing of gingival depigmentation: a study protocol
Authors: Bhagat Shweta , Jaiswal Priyanka , Masurkar Deepika 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Dark colored gingiva is an esthetic concern that cannot be ignored, especially when accompanied by a high lip line or gummy smile. Gingival depigmentation is a periodontal plastic surgical procedure wherein the hyperpigmentation is removed or reduced by various techniques. Protecting the wound from mechanical trauma and stability of the surgical site during the healing process are among the most important advantages of periodontal dressing application after surgery. Aim This study is aimed to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of reactive oxygen gel species (BlueM gel) and the traditional Coe-Pack dressing on gingival healing and pain after surgical depigmentation. Protocol This split-mouth randomized clinical trial will be conducted on 20 patients aged 18–45 years with maxillary physiologic gingival pigmentation classes (II) (III) and (IV) according to the Dummett–Gupta Oral Pigmentation Index (40 treated sites). The maxilla will be randomly divided into two symmetrical parts—from the right second premolar to the midline and from the midline to the left second premolar—to receive either BlueM gel or Coe- Pack as a dressing after surgical depigmentation with a scalpel. Various indices will be assessed, such as plaque index, papillary bleeding index, pain index, healing index and reepithelization index with toluidine blue, and the follow-up period will be one month. Expected results- A total of 20 patients will be included in this study. Statistically significant differences are expected to show in the pain index and healing index after one, two, three, four, and five days. The BlueM gel group is expected to show a higher significant difference after one, two, three and four weeks in the reepithelization index.
Association of anthelmintic treatment with malaria prevalence in Rural Sussundenga, Mozambique
Authors: Akambase Joseph A. , Ferrão João L. , Francisco Albino , Muhiro Valy , Novela Anísio , Earland Dominique E. , Searle Kelly M. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Mozambique has the 4th highest malaria incidence and mortality globally. Despite the existing malaria control strategies, malaria prevalence remains stagnant. These challenges have increased calls for innovative strategies in areas with the highest disease burden. Community mass treatment with anthelmintic agents have been used as an effective tool for the control of major helminth infections and has emerged as a potential tool for vector control in the fight against malaria. Methods: This was an analysis of data from a cross-sectional community-based survey designed to study malaria risk, prevention, and health seeking behaviors in Sussundenga, Mozambique. Using logistic regression models, we quantified the association between ever receiving anthelmintic treatment and P. falciparum infection. We also fit models to determine the association between recent anthelmintic treatment and malaria infection. Results: Two-hundred, seventy-seven (277) participants from 83 households were included in this analysis. The prevalence of P. falciparum infection measured by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was 30%. 77% of participants reported having ever received anthelmintics. The prevalence of malaria was slightly higher among participants who reported ever taking anthelmintics. There was no statistically significant association between prior receipt of anthelmintic and P. falciparum malaria infection after adjusting for age, ITN use and head of household full-time employment (OR = 1.37, 95% CI, 0.70–2.70, p = 0.36). However, recent intake of anthelmintics was associated with lower odds of testing positive for in the adjusted models (OR = 0.35, 95% CI, 0.07–1.80, p = 0.21), but this was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our findings show that the benefit of anthelmintics treatment as a control tool for P. falciparum malaria infection is likely tied to when it is administered rather than if it was ever administered. These findings offer evidence for making decisions in planning mass community deworming in sub-Saharan Africa.
Optical readout and actuation of plasmonic nano-optomechanical drum resonators
Authors: Vandersmissen Jente , Meijer Randy A. , Sukham Johneph , Erkelens Aloys , Aans Jan Bonne , Verhagen Ewold 
Published: September 2023

We demonstrate optical readout and actuation of nanomechanical motion
using plasmonic fields in a nanoscale gap waveguide. The top gold
layer of the waveguide is free to vibrate like a drumhead, and
patterned with an optical grating to facilitate efficient coupling to
free-space radiation. The change of the plasmonic gap mode with the
top layer position couples the plasmonic resonance to the mechanical
displacement of the drum. We characterize optical and mechanical
resonances of the system, and demonstrate sensing of nanomechanical
vibrations with ∼10−14 m/Hz sensitivity. The mechanical
resonators are actuated through plasmonic forces. Quantifying their
magnitude shows that plasmonic forces can significantly exceed pure
radiation pressure, indicating that their nature is dominated by a
photothermoelastic effect. This work opens avenues to the use of
plasmonic readout and control in nanomechanical sensing
applications.
Costs of inpatient care and out-of-pocket payments for COVID-19 patients: A systematic review
Authors: Gholipour Kamal , Behpaie Sama , Iezadi Shabnam , Ghiasi Akbar , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh 
Published: September 2023

Objective
To identify the costs of hospital care for patients with COVID-19 and the amount of out-of-pocket payments.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review using Scopus and WEB OF SCIENCE and PubMed databases in April 5, 2022 and then updated in January 15, 2023. English articles with no publication year restrictions were included with study designs of cost-of-illness (COI) studies, cost analyses, and observational reports (cross-sectional studies and prospective and retrospective cohorts) that calculated the patient-level cost of care for COVID-19. Costs are reported in USD with purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion in 2020. The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42022334337.

Results
The results showed that the highest total cost of hospitalization in intensive care per patient was 100789 USD, which was reported in Germany, and the lowest cost was 5436.77 USD, which was reported in Romania. In the present study, in the special care department, the highest percentage of total expenses is related to treatment expenses (42.23 percent), while in the inpatient department, the highest percentage of total expenses is related to the costs of hospital beds/day of routine services (39.07 percent). The highest percentage of out-of-pocket payments was 30.65 percent, reported in China, and the lowest percentage of out-of-pocket payments was 1.12 percent, reported in Iran. The highest indirect cost per hospitalization was 16049 USD, reported in USA, and the lowest was 449.07 USD, reported in India.

Conclusion
The results show that the COVID-19 disease imposed a high cost of hospitalization, mainly the cost of hospital beds/day of routine services. Studies have used different methods for calculating the costs, and this has negatively impacted the comparability costs across studies. Therefore, it would be beneficial for researchers to use a similar cost calculation model to increase the compatibility of different studies.
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022334337
Prognostic significance of index (LANR) composed of preoperative lymphocytes, albumin, and neutrophils in patients with stage IB-IIA cervical cancer
Authors: Wang Shan , Wang Yuan , Zhuang Jiaru , Wu Yibo , Shi Weifeng , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2023

Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of preoperative lymphocytes, albumin, neutrophils, and LANR in the prognosis of patients with stage IB-IIA cervical cancer (CC).

Methods
We made a retrospective analysis of the clinical information and related materials of 202 patients with stage IB-IIA primary cervical cancer who had undergone a radical hysterectomy in the Department of Gynecology at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2017 and December 2018. The definition of LANR was as follows: LANR, lymphocyte × albumin / neutrophil. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was generated to determine the best cut-off values for these parameters, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of LANR in predicting recurrence and survival. The Kaplan–Meier method was employed to draw survival curves in our survival analysis. Univariate analysis, multifactorial analysis, and subgroup analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic significance of LANR in overall and progression-free survival.

Results
The median follow-up time of the study was 55 months. In overall survival, the area under the curve for LANR was 0.704 (95% CI: 0.590–0.818, p<0.05). And in progression-free survival, the area under the curve for LANR was 0.745 (95% CI: 0.662–0.828, p<0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the value of LANR was associated with both overall survival and progression-free survival (p< 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that OS (p< 0.001) and PFS (p< 0.001) in patients with high LANR levels were significantly higher than those with low LANR levels.

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that LANR might serve as a clinically reliable and effective independent prognostic indicator in patients with stage IB-IIA cervical cancer.