bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conductive Antifouling Sensing Coating: A Bionic Design Inspired by Natural Cell Membrane
Authors: Huang Yi , Wu Haiping , Xie Ning , Zhang Xuewen , Zou Zhenyang , Deng Meng , Cheng Wei , Guo Xiaolan , Ding Shijia , Guo Bin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConstructing antifouling coatings for biosensing interfaces is a major hurdle in driving their practical application. Inspired by the excellent antifouling properties of natural cell membranes, a conductive biomimetic antifouling interface coating is proposed, which highly mimics the excellent antifouling properties of biofilms while overcoming the low conductivity defects of conventional coatings. Polyethylene glycol–Au gel is selected as the support structure and electron transfer layer, on which phospholipids and ampholytes are applied to construct a hydration layer for antifouling. The coating maintains promisingly low adsorption in biological matrices such as whole blood, serum, and urine, and has been utilized to construct multimodal clinical assay systems that provide favorable concordance with clinical results. Thus, this conductive bio‐coating breaks the last barrier of biosensors toward practical applications and possesses extremely significant application value.
Surface Optics and Color Effects of Liquid Metal Materials
Authors: Duan Liangfei , Zhou Tong , Zhang Yumin , Zhao Jianhong , Zheng Hongshun , Zi Baoye , Zhang Jin , Li Qian , Liu Jing , Liu Qingju 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLiquid metals (LMs) are emerging as new functional materials with rather unique physical or chemical behaviors. They are generally safe and nontoxic, have high boiling points, reflectivities, good thermal and electrical conductivities, flexibility, fluidity, self‐healing capability and remain in liquid state at room temperature. However, the further applications of LMs are limited by their single‐color physical appearance, such as working in the situations with imposed stringent requirements for color and aesthetics. Recently, the color and fluorescence functionalization of LMs have overcome many conventional technical bottlenecks and opened significant potential for emerging applications in numerous fields owing to their rich colors and unique liquid structure. In this review, the recent developments in the optical properties, color and fluorescence effects of LMs are comprehensively investigated. The synthesis, structures, properties, chromogenic mechanisms, and potential photoelectric applications of colorful LMs are systematically analyzed and compared. The effectiveness and characteristics of colorful LMs induced by coating, mixing, compounding, surface modification, external stimuli are provided, aiming to establish a potential system for the synthesis and practices of colorful LMs. Finally, the challenges and prospects in the field have also been identified and explained to preferably guide further scientific and technical research in the coming time.
Ultrashort Peptides for the Self‐Assembly of an Antiviral Coating
Authors: Hu Tan , Kaganovich Michaela , Shpilt Zohar , Pramanik Apurba , Agazani Omer , Pan Siyi , Tshuva Edit , Reches Meital 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAntiviral compounds are important for generating sterile surfaces. Here, two extremely short peptides, DOPA‐Phe‐NH2 and DOPA‐Phe(4F)‐NH2 that can self‐assemble into spherical nanoparticles with antiviral activity are presented. The peptide assemblies possess excellent antiviral activity against bacteriophage T4 with antiviral minimal inhibitory concentrations of 125 and 62.5 µg mL−1, for DOPA‐Phe‐NH2 and DOPA‐Phe(4F)‐NH2, respectively. When the peptide assemblies are applied on a glass substrate by drop‐casting, they deactivate more than 99.9% of bacteriophage T4 and Canine coronavirus. Importantly, the peptide assemblies have low toxicity toward mammalian cells. Overall, the findings can provide a novel strategy for the design and development of antiviral coatings for a decreased risk of viral infections.
Engraving Depth‐Controlled Nanohole Arrays on Fused Silica by Direct Short‐Pulse Laser Ablation
Authors: Liu Xin , Clady Raphaël , Grojo David , Utéza Olivier , Sanner Nicolas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPeriodic nanohole arrangements constitute an important building block of advanced photonic devices. Aside from standard nanofabrication tools, a direct laser‐based approach is introduced here, that enables single‐step and point‐by‐point machining of arrays of holes with subwavelength diameters and depths reaching several micrometers at the surface of fused silica. The method relies on a simple optical arrangement including an axicon combined with an amplitude mask to shape the laser intensity in appropriately truncated micro‐Bessel beams of adjustable length. The suitability and limitations of the technique are investigated to fabricate arrays of cylindrical nanoholes with tunable depths. In particular, the challenge of avoiding crosstalk effects during the laser‐writing process of high‐density arrays is explored. The achievability of square arrays of nanoholes at the surface of fused silica, with diameters down to 200 nm and variable depths from 3 to 20 µm at a spatial density defined by a pitch of 1.5 µm is demonstrated. The performance level shows the potential of the direct‐laser‐processing method towards the realization of integrated devices, offering a highly flexible and cost‐effective alternative technique to current nanofabrication methods.
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Combined Technology: A Powerful Tool for Investigating Interface Phenomena
Authors: Chen Tianyi , Xin Jialin , Chang Shwu Jen , Chen Ching‐Jung , Liu Jen‐Tsai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterface phenomena refer to the phenomena caused by various physical and chemical processes occurring at phase interfaces. These phenomena can include adhesion, friction, lubrication, evaporation, condensation, adsorption, monolayer formation, and other phenomena and are applied in many fields, such as food, papermaking, rubber, material science, energy, and biomedicine. However, traditional detection equipment cannot meet the interface phenomena observation needs because the information detected by techniques such as electrochemistry, spectroscopy, chromatography, and mass spectrometry is limited, as are the sensitivity and minimum detection limit. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) combined technology is a powerful tool for investigating interface phenomena. This paper reviews all combination technologies of SPR with various conventional detection systems, emphasizing the combination with electrochemistry, Raman spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. These technologies can observe interface phenomena through SPR and provide redox, molecular structure, functional group change, and other information. Through this information, the reactions on the interface can be made clearer and more controllable, which plays an important role in practical detection. In the future, SPR combined technology will mainly develop toward signal enhancement, light source coupling mode, and sensor chip design, and SPR will be combined with various detection technologies to achieve real‐time in situ detection of interface phenomena.
Nanostructures/Graphene/Silicon Junction‐Based High‐Performance Photodetection Systems: Progress, Challenges, and Future Trends
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Aamir , Anwar Nadia , Malik Maria , Al‐Bahrani Mohammed , Islam Md. Rasidul , Choi Jeong Ryeol , Pham Phuong V. , Liu Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGraphene, due to its exceptional optoelectronic characteristics, high charge carrier mobility, wide absorption band, strong light‐matter interactions, and its adjustable nature, has attracted a lot of interest. In light of this, an attempt was made to successfully deposit graphene on a silicon substrate. This results in the formation of a Schottky junction, which could extend the operation window of the graphene/silicon hybrid device to the near‐infrared (NIR) region. Furthermore, since photodetectors built with Van der Waal heterostructures successfully extend the lifespan of dynamic charge carriers with improved the transportation range and speed of charge separation for effective photodetection, the technical development of optoelectronic devices has been greatly accelerated. Recent developments in graphene‐silicon junction‐based devices, their photodetection effectiveness, and active factors that can be used in a variety of applications are outlined, including optical synaptic systems, optical spectrometers, plasmonic devices, optical waveguides, and ultrafast photodetectors. Moreover, the shortcomings of the present optoelectronic devices are also concisely reviewed, along with the viable solutions offered by this new device and its application in next‐generation devices.
Resolving Diverse Oxygen Transport Pathways Across Sr‐Doped Lanthanum Ferrite and Metal‐Perovskite Heterostructures
Authors: Taylor Sandra D. , Yano Kayla H. , Sassi Michel , Matthews Bethany E. , Kautz Elizabeth J. , Lambeets Sten V. , Neuman Sydney , Schreiber Daniel K. , Wang Le , Du Yingge , Spurgeon Steven R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPerovskite structured transition metal oxides are important technological materials for catalysis and solid oxide fuel cell applications. Their functionality often depends on oxygen diffusivity and mobility through complex oxide heterostructures, which can be significantly impacted by structural and chemical modifications, such as doping. Further, when utilized within electrochemical cells, interfacial reactions with other components (e.g., Ni‐ and Cr‐based alloy electrodes and interconnects) can influence the perovskite's reactivity and ion transport, leading to complex dependencies that are difficult to control in real‐world environments. Here, this work uses isotopic tracers and atom probe tomography to directly visualize oxygen diffusion and transport pathways across perovskite and metal‐perovskite heterostructures, that is, (Ni‐Cr coated) Sr‐doped lanthanum ferrite (La0.5Sr0.5FeO3; LSFO). Annealing in 18O2(g) results in elemental and isotopic redistributions through oxygen exchange (OE) in the LSFO while Ni‐Cr undergoes oxidation via multiple mechanisms and transport pathways. Complementary density functional theory calculations at experimental conditions provide rationale for OE reaction mechanisms and reveal a complex interplay of different thermodynamic and kinetic drivers. These results shed light on the fundamental coupling of defects and oxygen transport in an important class of catalytic materials.
The Origin of Amphipathic Nature of Short and Thin Pristine Carbon Nanotubes—Fully Recyclable 1D Water‐in‐Oil Emulsion Stabilizers
Authors: Blacha Anna W. , Milowska Karolina Z. , Payne Mike C. , Greer Heather F. , Terzyk Artur P. , Korczeniewski Emil , Cyganiuk Aleksandra , Boncel Sławomir 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShort and thin pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) emerge as 1D emulsion stabilizers capable of replacing aquatoxic low‐molecular surfactants. However, inconsistencies in understanding of water–solid interfaces for realistic CNTs hamper their individualization‐driven functionalities, processability in benign media, and compatibility with a broad‐scale of matrices. Pristine CNT processing based on water and inexpensive n‐alkanes within a low energy regime would constitute an important step toward greener technologies. Therefore, structural CNT components are quantitatively assessed, placing various CNTs on the scale from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity. This structural interweave can lead to amphipathicity enabling the formation of water‐in‐oil emulsions. Combining experiments with theoretical studies, CNTs and CNT emulsions are comprehensively characterized establishing descriptors of the emulsifying behavior of pristine and purified CNTs. They emerge as having hydrophilic open‐ends, small number of oxygen–functionalized/vacancy surface areas, and hydrophobic sidewalls and full caps. The interplay of these regions allows short and thin CNTs to be utilized as fully recyclable 1D surfactants stabilizing water/oil emulsions which, as demonstrated, can be applied as paints for flexible conductive coatings. It is also shown how the amphipathic strength depends on CNT size, the pristine‐to‐oxidized/vacancy domains and the oil‐to‐water ratios.
Low‐Fluence Neutron Irradiation Effects on AlGaN/GaN HEMTs
Authors: Cui Xiao , Ji Keyu , Zhang Taiping , Wang Bingjun , Sha Wei , Dong Zilong , Shi Yuanhong , Jiang Chunsheng , Hua Qilin , Hu Weiguo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlGaN/GaN‐based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are ideal candidates for power electronics in consumer, industrial, and space applications. Attributed to their excellent performance in electrical output and chemical stability, AlGaN/GaN HEMTs enable tolerant neutron irradiation in harsh environments. Different from high‐fluence irradiation‐induced device failure, the investigation of low‐fluence neutron irradiation is of great significance to understand the early damage mechanism of HEMTs. Here, the modulated electrical properties are presented of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs under low‐fluence neutron irradiations of 4.5 × 1013 and 6.0 × 1013 cm−2. After irradiation, the electrical characteristics of the samples are carefully measured, the output performance of different irradiated devices shows a similar change trend, i.e., almost no changes or only decreased slightly (≤14%) near the knee voltage. For leakage current, the samples irradiated with different fluences show different characteristics, including a slight decrease with the fluence of 4.5 × 1013 cm−2, and a slight increase with the fluence of 6.0 × 1013 cm−2. To further investigate the internal mechanisms, the performance changes are also simulated of the device by using Crosslight software. According to the measurements, it is concluded that the low‐fluence neutron irradiation will initially affect the 2DEG mobility and the surface states of the HEMTs.
Stretchable Strain and Strain Rate Sensor Using Kirigami‐Cut PVDF Film
Authors: Song Ji‐Hyeon , Kim Young‐Gyun , Cho Younggyun , Hong Seongheon , Choi Jun Young , Kim Min‐Soo , Ahn Sung‐Hoon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWearable sensor technology has recently received considerable interest because of the emergence of digital healthcare and its expanding markets. Wearable sensors require stretchability, biocompatibility, and high performance. In this study, stretchable strain sensors are designed and fabricated using a kirigami‐cut polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film. Further, the biocompatibility of PVDF is examined. Kirigami cutting can improve stretchability by 400% using the structural distortion of the cut parts. Compared to previously reported sensors, the developed sensor can measure the strain and strain rate simultaneously. The effect of strain and strain rate on the piezoelectric performance is analyzed. The output voltage increases exponentially with the strain, and a high strain rate results in high piezoelectric efficiency. The strain and strain rate can be detected by analyzing the sensor property, which illustrates the relationship between the voltage and voltage change rate. The sensing performance is evaluated using various kirigami patterns. Theoretical analysis reveals the dependence of output voltage on strain and strain rate. Finally, the developed sensor is successfully used as a wearable sensor for athlete rehabilitation and posture monitoring.
Versatile Biosynthetic Approach to Regioselective Enzyme Patterning for Direct Bioelectrocatalysis Application
Authors: Lee Hyeryeong , Reginald Stacy Simai , Chang In Seop 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the outstanding attributes of oxidoreductases, they have been utilized as biomaterials for bioelectrocatalytic systems. Herein, a simple and versatile biosynthetic approach that can designate binding position of enzymes on electrode with their surface‐orientation is suggested. In this regard, material‐selective properties of gold‐binding peptide (GBP) are exploited and genetically fused GBP to enzyme. To optimize the design of synthetic enzyme, a variable repeat number of GBP are fused to flavin adenine dinucleotide‐dependent glucose dehydrogenase gamma‐alpha complex (GDHγα) and their catalytic and gold‐binding activities are determined. The substrate catalysis and direct electrocatalytic capability of selected construct, GDHγα with three GBP repeats (GDHγα‐3GBP), are investigated on electrode. In an inorganic‐binding characterization, GDHγα‐3GBP exhibits fourfold higher affinity on gold (Au) surface and 215‐fold lower binding affinity for silicon dioxide (SiO2) than wild‐type GDHγα. Utilizing those regioselective features, fusion GDHγα is incorporated into nanotemplates comprising Au nanopatterns and SiO2 background. Thereby, nanoscale patterned GDHγα‐3GBP molecules are successfully obtained with their binding locations controlled specifically by Au nanopatterns, not SiO2. The results reveal that genetic SBP fusions enable highly selective template‐based surface assembly of biomolecules with electrically intimate cofactor‐surface interfaces. The proposed technology has remarkable potential to fabricate small‐scale biochips applied for enzyme‐based bioelectronics.
Controlling the Output Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerator Through Filling Isostructural Metal–Organic Frameworks With Varying Functional Groups
Authors: Wen Rongmei , Zhao Bo , Fan Liming , Guo Junmeng , Zhai Junyi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are recently used in triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to enhance output performance. Although functional groups tremendously influence the output performance of TENG, the effect of functional groups for MOFs on the output performance is yet not systematically studied. In this paper, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite TENG is designed based on isostructural UiO‐66‐R (R = H, NH2, NO2, and Br) family filler, and the effect of filler with various functional groups on the output performance of the TENG is first systematically studied. All the composites TENG harvest a higher output performance than the pure PDMS TENG. The TENG follows an output performance trend of PDMS@UiO‐66‐NO2 > PDMS@UiO‐66‐Br > PDMS@UiO‐66 > PDMS@UiO‐66‐NH2 > PDMS. The PDMS@UiO‐66‐NO2 TENG exhibits an open‐circuit voltage of ≈191 V and a current of ≈17.3 µA, which are 3.6 times and 4.25 times over that of the PDMS TENG. The working mechanism of the composite TENG is discussed in detail through experimental analysis. This work first proves a novel strategy to improve the output performance by functionalized filler MOFs with large electron‐withdrawing functional groups, and guides us on how to choose high‐efficiency triboelectric filler.
Non‐Contact Microfluidic Analysis of the Stiffness of Single Large Extracellular Vesicles from IDH1‐Mutated Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: Jeong Mi Ho , Im Hyungsoon , Dahl Joanna B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn preparation for leveraging extracellular vesicles (EVs) for disease diagnostics and therapeutics, fundamental research is being done to understand EV biological, chemical, and physical properties. Most published studies have investigated nanoscale EVs and focused on EV biochemical content. There is much less understanding of large microscale EV characteristics and EV mechanical properties. Recently a non‐contact microfluidic technique that measures the stiffness of large EVs (>1 µm diameter) is introduced. This pilot study probes the robustness of the microfluidic technique to distinguish between EV populations by comparing stiffness distributions of large EVs derived from glioblastoma cell lines. EVs derived from cells expressing the IDH1 mutation, a common glioblastoma mutation known to disrupt lipid metabolism, are stiffer than those expressed from wild‐type cells in a statistical comparison of sample medians. A supporting lipidomics analysis showed that the IDH1 mutation increased the number of saturated lipids in EVs. Taken together, these data encourage further investigation into the potential of high‐throughput microfluidics to distinguish between large EV populations that differ in biomolecular composition. These findings contribute to the understanding of EV biomechanics, in particular for the less studied microscale EVs.
Bioinspired Strong, Tough, and Biodegradable Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and its Applications as Substrates for Humidity Sensors
Authors: Liu Lei , Xu Xiaodong , Zhu Menghe , Cui Xihua , Feng Jiabing , Rad Zahra Faraji , Wang Hao , Song Pingan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiodegradable polymeric materials with high strength and outstanding toughness are necessary for real‐world applications in the fields of electronics, electrics, and packaging. Unfortunately, such performance portfolios in polymers remain challenging to achieve due to their different governing mechanisms. Inspired by the hydrogen‐bond (H‐bond) cross‐linking structure of spider silk, herein, strong and tough poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composites with β‐cyclodextrin as a cross‐linker are developed. Benefiting from the H‐bond cross‐linking effect, the addition of 1.0 wt% of β‐cyclodextrin enables PVA to achieve a high tensile strength of 136.5 MPa, and a high elastic modulus of 3.0 GPa, in combination with a good toughness of 82.1 MJ m−3. In addition, the presence of β‐cyclodextrin improves the biodegradability of PVA composite by decreasing its crystalline size. Furthermore, PVA/β‐cyclodextrin composite combined with MXene has great potential as a sensor material for humidity and strain detection. This proof‐of‐concept opens numerous opportunities to create strong, tough, and biodegradable polymers for packing and sensing applications.
LivHeart: A Multi Organ‐on‐Chip Platform to Study Off‐Target Cardiotoxicity of Drugs Upon Liver Metabolism
Authors: Ferrari Erika , Visone Roberta , Monti Elisa , Torretta Enrica , Moretti Matteo , Occhetta Paola , Rasponi Marco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe drug discovery and development process is still long, costly, and highly risky. The principal attrition factor is undetected toxicity, with hepatic and cardiac toxicities playing a critical role and being the main responsible of safety‐related drug withdrawals from the market. Multi Organs‐on‐Chip (MOoC) represent a disruptive solution to study drug‐related effects on several organs simultaneously and to efficiently predict drug toxicity in preclinical trials. Specifically focusing on drug safety, different technological features are applied here to develop versatile MOoC platforms encompassing two culture chambers for generating and controlling the type of communication between a metabolically competent liver model and a functional 3D heart model. The administration of the drug Terfenadine, a cardiotoxic compound liver‐metabolized into the noncardiotoxic Fexofenadine, proves that liver metabolism and a fine control over drug diffusion are fundamental to elicit a physio‐pathological cardiac response. From these results, an optimized LivHeart platform is developed to house a liver model and a cardiac construct that can be mechanically trained to achieve a beating microtissue, whose electrophysiology can be directly recorded in vitro. The platform is proved able to predict off‐target cardiotoxicity of Terfenadine after liver metabolism both in terms of cell viability and functionality.