bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light People: Academician Junhao Chu
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhang Rongjun , Yu Cun 
Published: May 2023

EditorialThe industrial revolutions of steam power, electric power and digital power have been three key steps in the development of science and technology. Now, the fourth industrial revolution has quietly begun, a revolution which will combine the powers of modern technologies such as the Internet, industrial digitalization and virtual reality to trigger a major change of science and technology, and sensor technology is of vital importance to this process.A famous physicist specialized in infrared and semiconductors, our featured guest not only discovered the intrinsic absorption spectra of the optical transition between narrow gap semiconductor mercury cadmium telluride bands, but also developed the theory of the band structure of mercury cadmium telluride and the theory of optical transition, put forward a series of expressions such as the gap width of mercury cadmium telluride bands, making outstanding contributions.Born into a scholarly family, he inherited a love for knowledge, especially physics and enjoyed all the challenges it presented. In research, he believes that technological development should be guided by the laws of physics. As a teacher, he asks his students to focus on the depth and breadth of learning. In life, he is famed for being easygoing, modest, well-mannered and meticulous.He is Academician Junhao Chu of the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics (SITP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Please follow Light People and discover what challenges Prof. Chu had to overcome in the study of mercury cadmium telluride.
Robust online learning based on siamese network for ship tracking
Authors: Hu Zhongyi , Shao Jingjing , Nie Feiyan , Luo Zhenzhen , Chen Changzu , Xiao Lei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe complex and changeable inland river scenes resulting out of frequent occlusions of ships in the available tracking methods are not accurate enough to estimate the motion state of the target ship leading to object tracking drift or even loss. In view of this, an attempt is made to propose a robust online learning ship tracking algorithm based on the Siamese network and the region proposal network. Firstly, the algorithm combines the off-line Siamese network classification score and the online classifier score for discriminative learning, and establishes an occlusion determination mechanism according to the classification the fusion score. When the target is in the occlusion state, the target template is not updated, and the global search mechanism is activated to relocate the target, thereby avoiding object tracking drift. Secondly, an efficient adaptive online update strategy, UpdateNet, is introduced to improve the template degradation in the tracking process. Finally, on comparing the state-of-the-art tracking algorithms on the inland river ship datasets, the experimental results of the proposed algorithm show strong robustness in occlusion scenarios with an accuracy and success rate of 56.8% and 57.2% respectively. Supportive source codes for this research are publicly available at https://github.com/Libra-jing/SiamOL.
Anti-inflammatory effects of CBD in human microglial cell line infected with HIV-1
Authors: Yndart Arias Adriana , Kolishetti Nagesh , Vashist Arti , Madepalli Lakshmana , Llaguno Lorgeleys , Nair Madhavan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a chronic inflammatory stage and continuous activation of inflammasome pathway. We studied the anti-inflammatory effects of the compound cannabidiol (CBD) in comparison with Δ (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol [Δ(9)-THC] in human microglial cells (HC69.5) infected with HIV. Our results showed that CBD reduced the production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as MIF, SERPIN E1, IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, MCP-1, CXCL1, CXCL10, and IL-1 β compared to Δ(9)-THC treatment. In addition, CBD led to the deactivation of caspase 1, reduced NLRP3 gene expression which play a crucial role in the inflammasome cascade. Furthermore, CBD significantly reduced the expression of HIV. Our study demonstrated that CBD has anti-inflammatory properties and exhibits significant therapeutic potential against HIV-1 infections and neuroinflammation.
The effects of muscle mass and quality on mortality of patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Jung Jiyun , Lee Jangwook , Lim Jeong-Hoon , Kim Yong Chul , Ban Tae Hyun , Park Woo Yeong , Kim Kyeong Min , Kim Kipyo , Lee Sung Woo , Shin Sung Joon , Han Seung Seok , Kim Dong Ki , Ko Yousun , Kim Kyung Won , Kim Hyosang , Park Jae Yoon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examined the effects of muscle mass on mortality in patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. It was conducted in eight medical centers between 2006 and 2021. The data of 2200 patients over the age of 18 years with acute kidney injury who required continuous renal replacement therapy were retrospectively collected. Skeletal muscle areas, categorized into normal and low attenuation muscle areas, were obtained from computed tomography images at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the association between mortality within 1, 3, and 30 days and skeletal muscle index. Sixty percent of patients were male, and the 30-day mortality rate was 52%. Increased skeletal muscle areas/body mass index was associated with decreased mortality risk. We also identified a 26% decreased risk of low attenuation muscle area/body mass index on mortality. We established that muscle mass had protective effects on the mortality of patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. This study showed that muscle mass is a significant determinant of mortality, even if the density is low.
Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with obesity
Authors: Johansson Linnea , Putri Resthie R. , Danielsson Pernilla , Hagströmer Maria , Marcus Claude 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt is unclear if associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk factors are independent of degree of obesity, in children with obesity. The aim of this cross-sectional study on 151 children (36.4% girls), 9–17 years, from a Swedish obesity clinic, was to investigate associations between CRF and cardiometabolic risk factors, adjusted for body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS), in children with obesity. CRF was objectively assessed with the Åstrand-Rhyming submaximal cycle ergometer test, and blood samples (n = 96) and blood pressure (BP) (n = 84) according to clinical routine. Obesity specific reference values for CRF were used to create CRF levels. CRF was inversely associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), independent of BMI SDS, age, sex, and height. The inverse associations between CRF and diastolic BP did not remain significant when adjusted for BMI SDS. CRF and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol became inversely associated when adjusted for BMI SDS. Independent of degree of obesity, lower CRF is associated with higher levels of hs-CRP, as a biomarker of inflammation, in children with obesity and regular assessment of CRF should be encouraged. Future research in children with obesity should investigate if low-grade inflammation decreases when CRF is improved.
Novel hazards of waterpipe tobacco and the benefits of stop smoking in men, a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kieu Hung Dinh , Van Phan Can , Tran Hoc Hieu , Le Ngoan Tran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWaterpipe smoking is an emerging epidemic and a severe public health problem worldwide. Observational studies on the hazards of a specific new waterpipe tobacco product are timely needed. The objectives were to analyze how dangerous waterpipe tobacco smoking is on the causes of all mortality, including cancer, and how effective smoking cessation is for improving health. We analyzed the hazards of exclusive waterpipe smoking through a prospective cohort study in Northern Vietnam. We obtained exposure data on the smoking status of specific cigarette and waterpipe and smoking cessation histories from each study participant. The outcome includes deaths due to all causes. The cause of death for each case is determined based on medical records. HR (95%CI) was estimated using a Cox proportional-hazards–regression analysis for overall mortality and all cancers. The ever-cigarette smoking group as the reference group, the exclusive waterpipe smoking group had a statistical increase in the risk for overall mortality HR (95% CI): 1.63 (1.32, 2.00), and all cancers HR (95%CI): 1.67 (1.18, 2.38). The risk of death increased statistically in the group of waterpipe smoking over 20 years for overall mortality HR (95%CI): 1.82 (1.45, 2.29), and all cancers HR (95%CI): 1.91 (1.27, 2.88). After stopping smoking, the risk of death decreased steadily. The risk of death was reduced by 41% for overall mortality HR (95%CI): 0.59 (0.39, 0.89), and 74% for death from cancers HR (95%CI): 0.26 (0.08, 0.83) after ten years or longer of cessation. Life expectancy was shortened by more than six years for the group of exclusive waterpipe smokers compared to non-smokers. This study found new novel hazards of exclusive waterpipe tobacco smoking. The findings are scientific evidence for developing strategies, policies, and budget allocations to control this novel tobacco product and promote cessation to improve life expectancy.
The factors associated with mortality and progressive disease of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hwang Hyeontaek , Lee Jung-Kyu , Heo Eun Young , Kim Deog Kyeom , Lee Hyun Woo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the factors associated with mortality and progressive disease in NTM-LD patients. We conducted a literature search to identify the eligible studies, dated between January 1, 2007, and April 12, 2021. Forty-one studies with total 10,452 patients were included. The overall all-cause mortality rate was 20% (95% CI 17–24%). The overall rates of clinical and radiographic progressive disease were 46% (95% CI 39–53%) and 43% (95% CI 31–55%), respectively. Older age, male sex, history of TB, diabetes, chronic heart disease, malignancy, systemic immunosuppression, chronic liver disease, presence of cavity, consolidative radiologic features, acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear positivity, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, increasing platelet count, high CRP, and high ESR were significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality, whereas increasing body mass index (BMI), hemoptysis, and treatment with rifamycin regimen (in M. xenopi) were significantly associated with decreased all-cause mortality in multivariable analysis. History of TB, Aspergillus co-infection, cough, increased sputum, weight loss, presence of cavity, and AFB smear positivity were significantly associated with increased clinical progression with treatment, while older age and low BMI were significantly associated with decreased clinical progression in multivariable analysis. Older age, interstitial lung disease, presence of cavity, consolidative radiologic feature, anemia, high CRP, and leukocytosis were significantly associated with increased radiographic progression after adjusting for covariates. Older age, history of tuberculosis, presence of cavity, consolidative radiologic features, AFB smear positivity, anemia, and high C-reactive protein were common significant factors associated with the all-cause mortality and clinical or radiographic progressive disease of NTM-LD. These factors are thought to directly affect NTM-LD related mortality. The future prediction models for the prognosis of NTM-LD should be established considering these factors.
Effects of exogenous protease addition on fermentation and nutritive value of rehydrated corn and sorghum grains silages
Authors: Roseira João Paulo Santos , Pereira Odilon Gomes , da Silveira Tâmara Chagas , da Silva Vanessa Paula , Alves Wagner Sousa , Agarussi Mariele Cristina Nascimento , Ribeiro Karina Guimarães 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study objective was to evaluate the effects of the addition of exogenous protease on the fermentation and nutritive value of rehydrated corn and sorghum grain silages during various storage periods. Treatments were applied using a 2 × 6 × 3 factorial combination, with 2 types of rehydrated grains (corn and sorghum), 6 doses of the enzyme (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5%, based on natural matter) and 3 fermentation periods (0, 60, and 90 days) in a completely randomized design, with 4 replications. The protease aspergilopepsin I, of fungal origin, produced by Aspergillus niger, was used. The lactic acid concentration increased linearly as the enzyme dose increased in corn (CG) and sorghum (SG) grain silages, at 60 and 90 days of fermentation. There was an increase in the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and soluble protein, as well as the in situ starch digestibility in rehydrated CG and SG silages, compared to the treatment without the addition of protease. The addition of 0.3% exogenous protease at the moment of CG ensiling and 0.5% in rehydrated SG increased the proteolytic activity during fermentation, providing an increase in in situ starch digestibility in a shorter storage time.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of performance of wearable artificial intelligence in detecting and predicting depression
Authors: Abd-Alrazaq Alaa , AlSaad Rawan , Shuweihdi Farag , Ahmed Arfan , Aziz Sarah , Sheikh Javaid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven the limitations of traditional approaches, wearable artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the technologies that have been exploited to detect or predict depression. The current review aimed at examining the performance of wearable AI in detecting and predicting depression. The search sources in this systematic review were 8 electronic databases. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were carried out by two reviewers independently. The extracted results were synthesized narratively and statistically. Of the 1314 citations retrieved from the databases, 54 studies were included in this review. The pooled mean of the highest accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.89, 0.87, 0.93, and 4.55, respectively. The pooled mean of lowest accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and RMSE was 0.70, 0.61, 0.73, and 3.76, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in the highest accuracy, lowest accuracy, highest sensitivity, highest specificity, and lowest specificity between algorithms, and there is a statistically significant difference in the lowest sensitivity and lowest specificity between wearable devices. Wearable AI is a promising tool for depression detection and prediction although it is in its infancy and not ready for use in clinical practice. Until further research improve its performance, wearable AI should be used in conjunction with other methods for diagnosing and predicting depression. Further studies are needed to examine the performance of wearable AI based on a combination of wearable device data and neuroimaging data and to distinguish patients with depression from those with other diseases.
The role of hormones in sepsis: an integrated overview with a focus on mitochondrial and immune cell dysfunction
Authors: Melis Miranda J. , Miller Muska , Peters Vera B.M. , Singer Mervyn 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sepsis is a dysregulated host response to infection that results in life-threatening organ dysfunction. Virtually every body system can be affected by this syndrome to greater or lesser extents. Gene transcription and downstream pathways are either up- or downregulated, albeit with considerable fluctuation over the course of the patient’s illness. This multi-system complexity contributes to a pathophysiology that remains to be fully elucidated. Consequentially, little progress has been made to date in developing new outcome-improving therapeutics. Endocrine alterations are well characterised in sepsis with variations in circulating blood levels and/or receptor resistance. However, little attention has been paid to an integrated view of how these hormonal changes impact upon the development of organ dysfunction and recovery. Here, we present a narrative review describing the impact of the altered endocrine system on mitochondrial dysfunction and immune suppression, two interlinked and key aspects of sepsis pathophysiology.
Risk Factors for Postdischarge Major Thromboembolism and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 with Cardiovascular Comorbidities: Insights from the CORE-19 Registry
Authors: Giannis Dimitrios , Goldin Mark , Rahman Husneara , Sison Cristina P. , Lesser Martin L. , Ngu Sam , Tsang James , Qiu Michael , Sanghani Shreya , Yeh Jackson , Matsagkas Miltiadis , Arnaoutoglou Eleni , Spyropoulos Alex C. 
Published: May 2023

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with venous and arterial thromboembolism (VTE and ATE) and all-cause mortality (ACM) in hospitalized patients. High-quality data are needed on postdischarge outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Objectives To analyze outcomes and identify risk factors for ATE, VTE, and ACM in a high-risk subgroup of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with baseline cardiovascular disease.
Methods We investigated postdischarge rates and associated risk factors of ATE, VTE, and ACM in 608 hospitalized COVID-19 patients with coronary artery disease, carotid artery stenosis (CAS), peripheral arterial disease (PAD), or ischemic stroke.
Results Through 90 days postdischarge, outcome rates were: ATE 27.3% (10.2% myocardial infarction, 10.1% ischemic stroke, 13.2% systemic embolism, 12.7% major adverse limb event); VTE 6.9% (4.1% deep vein thrombosis, 3.6% pulmonary embolism); composite of ATE, VTE, or ACM 35.2% (214/608). Multivariate analysis showed significant association between this composite endpoint and age >75 years (odds ratio [OR]: 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–2.94, p = 0.004), PAD (OR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.80–5.81, p ≤ 0.0001), CAS (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.11–2.75, p = 0.017), congestive heart failure (CHF) (OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.02–3.35, p = 0.044), previous VTE (OR: 3.08, 95% CI: 1.75–5.42, p < 0.0001), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.81–4.75, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion COVID-19 inpatients with cardiovascular disease experience high rates of ATE, VTE, or ACM through 90 days postdischarge. Age >75 years, PAD, CAS, CHF, previous VTE, and ICU admission are independent risk factors.
Converbs of Sinitic varieties in Qīnghǎi‑Gānsù linguistic
area
Authors: Shao Mingyuan , Lin Xuna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the semantic and syntactic properties of
converb markers =Shi, =Zhe, and
=Tala in Sinitic varieties in the Qīnghǎi-Gānsù Linguistic
Area (qgla), and defines them as converb enclitics rather than
conjunctions, modal particles, or other functional words. =Shi
is a conditional converb enclitic while =Tala is a terminative
converb enclitic; both enclitics derive their respective properties from Altaic
languages. The enclitic =Zhe expresses the coordinative and
narrative functions, derived from its Altaic source, and the conjunctional
function, which is an innovation. The productive use of the converbs coincides
with the sharp decline of serial verbs in Sinitic varieties in qgla, and such a phenomenon emerges through intense contact among the Altaic,
Sinitic and Tibetan languages in the area.
Púnandtio̍hin Penang Hokkien
Authors: Hing Jia Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPenang Hokkien was spoken by the early Hokkien settlers as a heritage language in a Malay dominant environment before it became a lingua franca of the Chinese communities in present-day Penang and its neighboring states in Northern Malaysia. Over two centuries, Penang Hokkien has assimilated Malay words and structures. This article discusses the forms and functions ofpúnandtio̍h, which have assimilated Malay elements as response strategies to two key triggers for deviation from the baseline Southern Min dialect: ambiguity and complex structure. Through a detailed study ofpúnandtio̍h, this article contributes to a better understanding of the development of a Malay-dominant heritage language that is based on a Chinese dialect spoken in the Malay peninsula.
Time–frequency Transformer with shifted windows for journal bearing-rotor systems fault diagnosis under multiple working conditions
Authors: Chen Feiyu , Wang Xiaojing , Zhu Yan , Yuan Weimin , Hu Yusheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a new Time–frequency Transformer with shifted windows method (TFSwin-T) for fault diagnosis of journal sliding bearing-rotor systems under multiple working conditions. Current convolutional neural network models struggle with accurate diagnosis in complex and variable working conditions. TFSwin-T uses time–frequency representations of vibration signals to extract features from typical sliding bearing faults, such as scratch, fretting wear, pitting, and fatigue crack. Our model adapts to multiple speeds and reduces computing power consumption through the use of a Transformer encoder with shifted windows. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our optimal fault diagnosis model structure for both journal bearing and rotor fault diagnosis, with higher diagnostic precision and generalizability compared to benchmark models and other advanced methods in complex working conditions.
Swarming procedures to solve the novel perturbed delay third order singular model
Authors: Sabir Zulqurnain , Ben Said Salem , Al-Kouz Wael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The current study shows a novel singular perturbed delay third order model (NSPD-TOM) with its two categories using the conventional Lane-Emden mathematical model. The comprehensive details of the perturbed, shape/delay and singular terms are also provided for both categories of the NSPD-TOM. The numerical results for solving the NSPD-TOM are provided by applying the procedures of artificial neural networks together with the optimizations performances of global swarming and local active set methods. The NSPD-TOM is performed based on the accuracy, substantiation, and authenticity using the achieved and exact results comparison. Moreover, the stochastic procedure is further authenticated by applying the statistical operators to solve the NSPD-TOM.
Deep neural network method for solving the fractional Burgers-type equations with conformable derivative
Authors: Ye Yinlin , Liu Xinyi , Li Yajing , Fan Hongtao , Zhang Hongbing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this article, we introduce the modified physics-informed neural network (PINN) method for finding data-driven solutions of three classes of time-fractional Burgers-type equations under the conformable sense. Since conformable derivative satisfies the chain rule, automatic differentiation can be applied to compute it directly to avoid truncation and other numerical discretization. In addition, the locally adaptive activation function and two effective weighting strategies are introduced to improve solution accuracy. As a result, three numerical examples indicate that the modified PINN method gives an efficient and reliable solution.