bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fault detection of gearbox by multivariate extended variational mode decomposition-based time–frequency images and incremental RVM algorithm
Authors: Nao Siwei , Wang Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel detection method based on multivariate extended variational mode decomposition-based time–frequency images and incremental RVM algorithm (MEVMDTFI–IRVM) is presented for fault detection of gearbox. The time–frequency images are constructed by multivariate extended variational mode decomposition. Compared with single-variable modal decomposition method, multivariate extended variational mode decomposition not only has an accurate mathematical framework, but also has good robustness to non-stationary multi-channel signals with low signal-to-noise ratio. The incremental RVM algorithm is presented for fault detection of gearbox based on the time–frequency images constructed by multivariate extended variational mode decomposition. The testing results demonstrate that the detection results of MEVMDTFI–IRVM for gearbox are stable, in addition, the detection results of MEVMDTFI–IRVM for gearbox are better than those of variational mode decomposition-based time–frequency images and incremental RVM algorithm (VMDTFI–IRVM), variational mode decomposition–RVM algorithm (VMD–RVM), and traditional RVM algorithm.
Differences in optic nerve head structure between acute angle-closure glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Kong Jeong Han , Park Sung Pyo , Na Kyeong Ik 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the optic nerve head (ONH) structure in acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) to investigate the differences in glaucomatous damage. The AACG and OAG eyes were matched with regard to global retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT). AACG eyes were divided into two subgroups based on the presence of ONH swelling at the onset of AACG. RNFLT, Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), and Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim area (BMO-MRA) were analyzed. Global RNFLT values were similar in AACG and OAG groups, but lower than in the healthy group (P < 0.001). The global BMO-MRW and total BMO-MRA were significantly higher in AACG than in OAG group (P < 0.001, respectively). AACG showed similar global BMO-MRW and total BMO-MRA, irrespective of the presence or absence of ONH swelling, while AACG with ONH swelling was associated with significantly thinner global RNFLT compared to AACG without ONH swelling (P < 0.006). The result of differences in ONH structure between the OAG and AACG, especially the AACG with ONH swelling at the onset of AACG, suggests that the mechanisms of optic nerve damage in the two diseases are different.
Large libraries of single-chain trimer peptide-MHCs enable antigen-specific CD8+ T cell discovery and analysis
Authors: Chour William , Choi Jongchan , Xie Jingyi , Chaffee Mary E. , Schmitt Thomas M. , Finton Kathryn , DeLucia Diana C. , Xu Alexander M. , Su Yapeng , Chen Daniel G. , Zhang Rongyu , Yuan Dan , Hong Sunga , Ng Alphonsus H. C. , Butler Jonah Z. , Edmark Rick A. , Jones Lesley C. , Murray Kim M. , Peng Songming , Li Guideng , Strong Roland K. , Lee John K. , Goldman Jason D. , Greenberg Philip D. , Heath James R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe discovery and characterization of antigen-specific CD8+T cell clonotypes typically involves the labor-intensive synthesis and construction of peptide-MHC tetramers. We adapt single-chain trimer (SCT) technologies into a high throughput platform for pMHC library generation, showing that hundreds can be rapidly prepared across multiple Class I HLA alleles. We use this platform to explore the impact of peptide and SCT template mutations on protein expression yield, thermal stability, and functionality. SCT libraries were an efficient tool for identifying T cells recognizing commonly reported viral epitopes. We then construct SCT libraries to capture SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8+T cells from COVID-19 participants and healthy donors. The immunogenicity of these epitopes is validated by functional assays of T cells with cloned TCRs captured using SCT libraries. These technologies should enable the rapid analyses of peptide-based T cell responses across several contexts, including autoimmunity, cancer, or infectious disease.
Pathway and mechanism of tubulin folding mediated by TRiC/CCT along its ATPase cycle revealed using cryo-EM
Authors: Liu Caixuan , Jin Mingliang , Wang Shutian , Han Wenyu , Zhao Qiaoyu , Wang Yifan , Xu Cong , Diao Lei , Yin Yue , Peng Chao , Bao Lan , Wang Yanxing , Cong Yao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe eukaryotic chaperonin TRiC/CCT assists the folding of about 10% of cytosolic proteins through an ATP-driven conformational cycle, and the essential cytoskeleton protein tubulin is the obligate substrate of TRiC. Here, we present an ensemble of cryo-EM structures of endogenous human TRiC throughout its ATPase cycle, with three of them revealing endogenously engaged tubulin in different folding stages. The open-state TRiC-tubulin-S1 and -S2 maps show extra density corresponding to tubulin in the cis-ring chamber of TRiC. Our structural and XL-MS analyses suggest a gradual upward translocation and stabilization of tubulin within the TRiC chamber accompanying TRiC ring closure. In the closed TRiC-tubulin-S3 map, we capture a near-natively folded tubulin—with the tubulin engaging through its N and C domains mainly with the A and I domains of the CCT3/6/8 subunits through electrostatic and hydrophilic interactions. Moreover, we also show the potential role of TRiC C-terminal tails in substrate stabilization and folding. Our study delineates the pathway and molecular mechanism of TRiC-mediated folding of tubulin along the ATPase cycle of TRiC, and may also inform the design of therapeutic agents targeting TRiC-tubulin interactions.
Volcanic impact on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Pickarski Nadine , Kwiecien Ola , Litt Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNatural disturbances such as volcanic eruptions provide a unique opportunity to study past ecological dynamics. Here we illustrate the response of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to volcanic eruptions in connection to prevailing climate conditions. We selected five volcaniclastic depositions in the Lake Van (Turkey) sediments from different interglacial/glacial periods (Marine Isotope Stages 3 to 9e). Using high-resolution pollen data, non-pollen palynomorphs, and microscopic charcoal particles we attempted to disentangle climatic and volcanic forcing of natural environmental disturbances. Our results highlights that the thickness of subsequent volcanic deposits and the respective climatic conditions strongly influence the impact on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The most common response to ash deposition is a shift towards herbaceous taxa and abrupt fire activity. The affected herbaceous vegetation recovers to pre-eruption levels in 20 to 40 varve-years. The lake water experiences intensified productivity due to subsequent nutrient input and significant increase in aquatic microfossils. Our findings pave the way for disentangling climatic and volcanic forcing of natural environmental disturbances.
A convolutional neural network-based model that predicts acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Jo Tomoyasu , Arai Yasuyuki , Kanda Junya , Kondo Tadakazu , Ikegame Kazuhiro , Uchida Naoyuki , Doki Noriko , Fukuda Takahiro , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Tanaka Masatsugu , Ara Takahide , Kuriyama Takuro , Katayama Yuta , Kawakita Toshiro , Kanda Yoshinobu , Onizuka Makoto , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Atsuta Yoshiko , Terakura Seitaro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Forecasting acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is highly challenging with conventional statistical techniques due to complex parameters and their interactions. The primary object of this study was to establish a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based prediction model for aGVHD.

Method
We analyzed adult patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT between 2008 and 2018, using the Japanese nationwide registry database. The CNN algorithm, equipped with a natural language processing technique and an interpretable explanation algorithm, was applied to develop and validate prediction models.

Results
Here, we evaluate 18,763 patients between 16 and 80 years of age (median, 50 years). In total, grade II–IV and grade III–IV aGVHD is observed among 42.0% and 15.6%. The CNN-based model eventually allows us to calculate a prediction score of aGVHD for an individual case, which is validated to distinguish the high-risk group of aGVHD in the test cohort: cumulative incidence of grade III–IV aGVHD at Day 100 after HSCT is 28.8% for patients assigned to a high-risk group by the CNN model, compared to 8.4% among low-risk patients (hazard ratio, 4.02; 95% confidence interval, 2.70–5.97; p < 0.01), suggesting high generalizability. Furthermore, our CNN-based model succeeds in visualizing the learning process. Moreover, contributions of pre-transplant parameters other than HLA information to the risk of aGVHD are determined.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that CNN-based prediction provides a faithful prediction model for aGVHD, and can serve as a valuable tool for decision-making in clinical practice.
Lawsone encapsulated polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid nanoparticles modified with chitosan‐folic acid successfully inhibited cell growth and triggered apoptosis in Panc‐1 cancer cells
Authors: Ghafaripour Helia , Homayouni Tabrizi Masoud , Karimi Ehsan , Barati Naeeni Niloofar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present research aims to encapsulate lawsone in polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles modified with folic acid (FA) and chitosan (CS) to study its anticancer effects against Panc‐1 cells. The nanoparticles were analysed in means of shape/size and zeta potential index using scanning electron microscope and dynamic light scattering. High‐performance liquid chromatography was applied to evaluate the lawsone entrapment efficacy. The authors performed acridine orange/propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry to monitor apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. The expressions of apoptosis‐related genes (BAX and BCL‐2) were assessed by real time PCR. Nanoparticle antioxidative and antibacterial activities were examined by DPPH/ABTS scavenging assay, disk diffusion method, and minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration evaluation. The NPs were 229.65 nm, the encapsulation efficiency was 81%. The concentration of lawsone that exerts 50% cell growth inhibition (IC50) against Panc‐1 cells was calculated 118.4 μL. Apoptosis induction was evidenced by the increased number of orange cells and increased proportion of cells in G1‐Sub phase respectively. Moreover, lawsone‐loaded nanoparticle upregulated BAX gene expression, while downregulated BCL2expression, suggesting the activation of apoptotic pathway. The observed cytotoxic/apoptotic properties suggest that Lawson‐loaded PLGA‐FA‐CS‐NPs hold a great potential in pancreatic cancer treatment.
Blind despreading and deconvolution of asynchronous multiuser direct sequence spread spectrum signals under multipath channels
Authors: Li Liangliang , Zhang Huaguo , Du Songmao , Liang Tao , Gao Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn non‐cooperative scenarios, the spreading sequences or waveforms of the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signals is unknown to the receiver. This paper focuses on addressing the problem of blind estimation of the spreading waveform under multipath channels. In the scenario of direct signal path transmission, the spreading sequences can be directly obtained based on the estimated spreading waveforms. However, in the presence of multipath channels, the spreading waveform becomes the convolution of the spreading sequence and channel response, thus deconvolution should also be performed after estimating the spreading waveforms. In order to perform blind despreading and deconvolution of asynchronous multiuser DSSS signals under multipath channels, the authors propose to exploit the finite symbol characteristics of information and spreading sequences and then the iterative least square with projection method is adopted. Besides, the Cramer‐Rao bound of spreading waveforms is derived in such a circumstance as a performance benchmark. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified via simulation experiments.
Zeeman Doppler imaging ofξBoo A and B
Authors: Strassmeier K. G. , Carroll T. A. , Ilyin I. V. 
Published: May 2023

Aims.We present a magnetic-field surface map for both stellar components of the young visual binaryξBoo AB (A: G8V, B: K5V).Methods.We employed high-resolution Stokes-Vspectra obtained with the Potsdam Echelle Polarimetric and Spectroscopic Instrument (PEPSI) at the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). We inverted StokesVline profiles with ouriMAP software and compared them with previous inversions. We employed an iterative regularization scheme without the need for a penalty function and incorporated a three-component description of the surface magnetic-field vector. The spectral resolution of our data is 130 000 (0.040–0.055 Å) and we obtain a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of up to 3000 per pixel depending on wavelength. We used a singular-value decomposition (SVD) of a total of 1811 spectral lines to average Stokes-Vprofiles. Our mapping is accompanied by a residual bootstrap error analysis.Results.We constructed magnetic flux densities of the radial field component forξBoo A andξBoo B of up to plus or −115±5 G and 55±3 G, respectively. The magnetic morphology ofξBoo A is characterized by a very high latitude, nearly polar spot of negative polarity and three low-to-mid-latitude spots of positive polarity, while that ofξBoo B is characterized by four low-to-mid-latitude spots of mixed polarity. No polar magnetic field is reconstructed for the coolerξBoo B star. Both our maps are dominated by the radial field component, containing 86% and 89% of the magnetic energy ofξBoo A and B, respectively. We find only weak azimuthal and meridional field densities on both stars (plus or −15–30 G), about a factor two weaker than what was seen previously forξBoo A. The phase averaged longitudinal field component and dispersion is +4.5±1.5 G for ξ Boo A and −5.0±3.0 G forξBoo B.
The effect of a small amount of hydrogen in the atmosphere of ultrahot magma-ocean planets: Atmospheric composition and escape
Authors: Charnoz Sébastien , Falco Aurélien , Tremblin Pascal , Sossi Paolo , Caracas Razvan , Lagage Pierre-Olivier 
Published: May 2023

Context.Ultrahot (>1500 K) rocky exoplanets may be covered by a magma ocean, resulting in the formation of a vapor rich in rocky components (e.g., Mg, Si, Fe) with a low total pressure and high molecular mass. However, exoplanets may have also captured a significant amount of hydrogen from the nebular gas during their formation. Ultrahot rocky exoplanets around the Fulton gap (~1.8R⊕) are sufficiently large to have retained some fraction of their primordial hydrogen atmosphere.Aims.Here, we investigate how small amounts of hydrogen (much smaller than the mass of the planet) above a magma ocean may modify the atmospheric chemistry and its tendency to thermally escape.Methods.We use a chemical model of a magma ocean coupled to a gas equilibrium code (that includes hydrogen) to compute the atmospheric composition at thermodynamical equilibrium for various H contents and temperatures. An energy-limited model is used to compute atmospheric escape and is scaled to consider H-rich and H-poor atmospheres.Results.The composition of the vapor above a magma ocean is drastically modified by hydrogen, even for very modest amounts of H (≪10−6planetary mass). Hydrogen consumes much of the O2(g), which, in turn, promotes the evaporation of metals and metal oxides (SiO, Mg, Na, K, Fe) from the magma ocean. Vast amounts of H2O are produced by the same process. At high hydrogen pressures, new hydrogenated species such as SiH4form in the atmosphere. In all cases, H, H2, and H2O are the dominant nonmetal-bearing volatile species. Sodium is the dominant atmospheric metal-bearing species atT <2000 K and low H content, whereas Fe is dominant at high H content and low temperature, while SiO predominates atT> 3000 K. We find that the atmospheric Mg/Fe, Mg/Si, and Na/Si ratios deviate from those in the underlying planet and from the stellar composition. As such, their determination may constrain the planet’s mantle composition and H content. As the presence of hydrogen promotes the evaporation of silicate mantles, it is conceivable that some high-density, irradiated exoplanets may have started life as hydrogen-bearing planets and that part of their silicate mantle evaporated (up to a few 10% of Si, O, and Fe) and was subsequently lost owing to the reducing role of H.Conclusions.Even very small amounts of H can alter the atmospheric composition and promote the evaporation to space of heavy species derived from the molten silicate mantle of rocky planets. Through transit spectroscopy, the measurement of certain elemental ratios, along with the detection of atmospheric water or hydrogen, may help to determine the nature of a surface magma ocean.
Linear acceleration emission of pulsar relativistic streaming instability and interacting plasma bunches
Authors: Benáček Jan , Muñoz Patricio A. , Büchner Jörg , Jessner Axel 
Published: May 2023

Context. Linear acceleration emission is one of the mechanisms that might explain intense coherent emissions of radio pulsars. This mechanism is not well understood, however, because the effects of collective plasma response and nonlinear plasma evolution on the resulting emission power must be taken into account. In addition, details of the radio emission properties of this mechanism are unknown, which limits the observational verification of the emission model.
Aims. By including collective and nonlinear plasma effects, we calculate radio emission power properties by the linear acceleration emission mechanism that occurs via the antenna principle for two instabilities in neutron star magnetospheres: (1) the relativistic streaming instability, and (2) interactions of plasma bunches.
Methods. We used 1D electrostatic relativistic particle-in-cell simulations to evolve the instabilities self-consistently. From the simulations, the power properties of coherent emission were obtained by novel postprocessing of electric currents.
Results. We found that the total radio power by plasma bunch interactions exceeds the power of the streaming instability by eight orders of magnitude. The wave power generated by a plasma bunch interaction can be as large as 2.6 × 1016 W. The number of bunch interactions that are required to explain the typical pulsar power, 1018 − 1022 W, depends on how the coherent emissions of bunches are added up together. Although ∼4 × (101 − 105) simultaneously emitting bunches are necessary for an incoherent addition of their radiation power, ≳6 − 600 bunches can explain the total pulsar power if they add up coherently. The radio spectrum of the plasma bunch is characterized by a flatter profile for low frequencies and by a power-law index up to ≈ − 1.6 ± 0.2 for high frequencies. The plasma bunches simultaneously radiate in a wide range of frequencies, fulfilling no specific relation between emission frequency and height in the magnetosphere. The power of the streaming instability is more narrowband than that of the interacting bunches, with a high-frequency cutoff. In both instabilities, the angular width of the radiation decreases with increasing frequency. In addition, the wave power evolution depends on the pulsar rotation angle, causing microsecond fluctuations in the intensity because it oscillates between positive and negative wave interference as a function of the emission angle.
Morphological and molecular characterisation ofTristoma integrumDiesing, 1850 (Monogenea, Capsalidae), including its complete mitogenome
Authors: Gastineau Romain , Bouguerche Chahinez , Tazerouti Fadila , Justine Jean-Lou 
Published: May 2023

Capsalids are monopisthocotylean monogenean parasites found on the skin and gills of fish. Capsalines (subfamily Capsalinae) are large-sized capsalids, parasitic on highly prized gamefish, and species ofTristomaparasitise only the gills of swordfish (Xiphias gladius). We obtained specimens ofTristoma integrumDiesing, 1850 from swordfish collected off Algeria in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, we describe the specimens, including the key systematics characters of dorsolateral body sclerites. One specimen was used for a next generation sequencing analysis but a part of it, including the sclerites, was mounted on a permanent slide, drawn, and deposited in a curated collection. We characterised the complete mitogenome, the ribosomal cluster (including 18S and 28S) and additional genes such as Elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1α) andHistone 3. We also retrieved molecular information from the host tissue present in the gut of the monogenean and provide the sequence of the complete rRNA cluster of the host,X. gladius. The mitogenome ofT. integrumis 13 968 bp in length and codes for 12 protein, 2 rRNA and 22 tRNA. Phylogenies of capsalids were generated from 28S sequences and concatenated mitochondrial protein-coding genes, respectively. In the 28S phylogeny, most subfamilies based on morphology were not found to be monophyletic, but the Capsalinae were monophyletic. In both phylogenies, the closest member toTristomaspp. was a member of theCapsaloides. In an Appendix, we report the complex nomenclatural history ofTristomaCuvier, 1817 and its species.
Increase in the Posterior Tibial Slope Provides Better Joint Awareness and Patient Satisfaction in Cruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ogawa Hiroyasu , Sengoku Masaya , Nakamura Yutaka , Shimokawa Tetsuya , Ohnishi Kazuichiro , Akiyama Haruhiko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effect of the posterior tibial slope (PTS) in cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (CR-TKA) on clinical outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate (1) the effect of alteration of the PTS on clinical outcomes, including patient satisfaction and joint awareness, and (2) the relationship between the patient-reported outcomes, the PTS, and compartment loading. Based on the alteration of the PTS after CR-TKA, 39 and 16 patients were stratified into increased and decreased PTS groups, respectively. Clinical evaluation was performed by the Knee Society Score (KSS) 2011 and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12). Compartment loading was intraoperatively assessed. KSS 2011 (symptoms, satisfaction, and total score) was significantly higher (p = 0.018, 0.023, and 0.040, respectively), and FJS (“climbing stairs?”) was significantly lower (p = 0.025) in the increased PTS group compared with the decreased PTS group. The decrease in both medial and lateral compartment loading of Δ45°, Δ90°, and ΔFull was significantly greater in the increased PTS group than in the decreased PTS group (p< 0.01 for both comparisons). Medial compartment loading of Δ45°, Δ90°, and ΔFull significantly correlated with KSS 2011 for “symptom” (r = − 0.4042, −0.4164, and −0.4010, respectively; p = 0.0267, 0.0246, and 0.0311, respectively). ΔPTS significantly correlated with medial compartment loading differentials of Δ45°, Δ90°, and ΔFull (r = − 0.3288, −0.3792, and −0.4424, respectively; p = 0.0358, 0.01558, and 0.0043, respectively). Patients with increased PTS showed better symptoms and higher patient satisfaction compared with those with decreased PTS following CR-TKA, possibly due to a greater decrease in compartment loading during knee flexion.Level of evidence:level IV, therapeutic case series.