bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steaming‐Assisted Conversion: A New Strategy for the Synthesis of Anatase TiO2, Nb, and W‐doped Anatase TiO2 2D Inverse Opal Films
Authors: Li Hua , Deng Yufei , Brüning Ralf , Liu Yuwei , Robichaud Jacques , Liang Jian , Jiang Weihui , Djaoued Yahia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSteaming‐assisted conversion route, a new strategy, is first adapted for the synthesis of highly crystallized anatase TiO2 2D inverse opal (IO) monolayer films, and then to Nb‐doped TiO2 and W‐doped TiO2 2D IO monolayer films. Pure water, ammonia, or HCl solutions are used as a source of steaming vapor to convert dry films of amorphous TiO2 IO, NbCl5/TiO2, and WCl6/TiO2 composite IOs into anatase TiO2, Nb‐doped TiO2, and W‐doped TiO2 IO films. This new strategy renders possible the doping of metal ions within the framework of the anatase TiO2 IO films under low temperature and liquid‐free conditions. Further, the ordered array structure of the IO films is also effectively retained. The low steaming conversion temperature allows high dopant rates of homogeneously distributed heteroatoms, resulting in Nb doping as high as ≈34%. The thus prepared TiO2, Nb‐doped TiO2, and W‐doped TiO2 anatase IO films are successfully used as active electrodes in the fabrication of electrochromic devices.
Prediction model of the risk for lateral local recurrence in locally advanced rectal cancer without enlarged lateral lymph nodes: Lessons from a Japanese multicenter pooled analysis of 812 patients
Authors: Ogura Atsushi , Shiomi Akio , Yamamoto Seiichiro , Komori Koji , Hamamoto Hiroki , Manabe Shoichi , Miyakita Hiroshi , Okuda Junji , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Uehara Kay 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimAlthough the oncological impact of lateral lymph node dissection on enlarged lateral lymph nodes has been gradually accepted over the last decade, that on lateral lymph nodes without swelling remains doubtful. This study aimed to develop a prediction model for the future risk of lateral local recurrence and to clarify the value of adding lateral lymph node dissection in locally advanced rectal cancer without enlarged lateral lymph nodes.MethodsThis retrospective, multi‐institutional study recruited 812 patients with cStage II/III low rectal cancer without enlarged lateral lymph nodes <7 mm. Total lateral local recurrence was a hypothetical value of future risk of lateral local recurrence when lateral lymph node dissection was never performed.ResultsOverall, total lateral local recurrences were observed in 67 patients (8.3%). In the multivariate analyses, the strongest risk factor for total local recurrences was no preoperative chemoradiotherapy (odds ratio [OR][95%Cl]: 33.2 [4.56–241.7], P < 0.001), followed by tumor distance ≤40 mm (OR [95%Cl]: 2.71 [1.51–4.86], P < 0.001) and lateral lymph node 5–7 mm (OR[95%Cl]: 2.38 [1.26–4.48], P = 0.007). In patients with lateral lymph nodes of 5–7 mm, the total lateral recurrence rate was 4.8% after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Lateral lymph node dissection could reduce from a total lateral local recurrence of 21.6% to an actual lateral local recurrence of 8.0% in patients without preoperative treatment.ConclusionWe introduce a novel prediction model of future risk of lateral local recurrences, which has the potential to enable us to indicate lateral lymph node dissection selectively according to the patients' risks.
Template‐free nanostructured particle growth via a one‐pot continuous gradient nanoprecipitation
Authors: Cheng Xie , Wang Shuai , Bernard Julien , Ganachaud François , Yan Xibo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEngineered nanoparticles have emerged as new types of materials for a wide range of applications from therapeutics to energy. Still, fabricating nanomaterials presenting complex inner morphologies and shapes in a simple manner remains a great challenge. Herein, we report the template‐free one‐pot continuous gradient nanoprecipitation of different types of non‐compatible polymers to spontaneously form nanostructured particles. The continuous addition of antisolvent induces precipitation and (re)organization of polymer chains at the forming particle interface, ultimately and naturally developing complex inner morphologies and shapes while particle grows. This low‐energy‐cost bottom‐up assembly approach applies to various functional polymers, possibly embedded with metal nanoparticles, for continuous growth into well‐organized nanoparticles. UV crosslinking of the particles and core removal allows both confirming the building process and leading to hollow or multivoid nanomaterials.
Time‐Temperature‐Transformation (TTT) Diagram of Battery‐Grade Li‐Garnet Electrolytes for Low‐Temperature Sustainable Synthesis
Authors: Zhu Yuntong , Chon Michael , Thompson Carl V. , Rupp Jennifer L. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEfficient and affordable synthesis of Li+ functional ceramics is crucial for the scalable production of solid electrolytes for batteries. Li‐garnet Li7La3Zr2O12−d (LLZO), especially its cubic phase (cLLZO), attracts attention due to its high Li+ conductivity and wide electrochemical stability window. However, high sintering temperatures raise concerns about the cathode interface stability, production costs, and energy consumption for scalable manufacture. We show an alternative “sinter‐free” route to stabilize cLLZO as films at half of its sinter temperature. Specifically, we establish a time‐temperature‐transformation (TTT) diagram which captures the amorphous‐to‐crystalline LLZO transformation based on crystallization enthalpy analysis and confirm stabilization of thin‐film cLLZO at record low temperatures of 500 °C. Our findings pave the way for low‐temperature processing via TTT diagrams, which can be used for battery cell design targeting reduced carbon footprints in manufacturing.
Enantioselective De Novo Synthesis of α,α‐Diaryl Ketones from Alkynes
Authors: Zhou Xueting , Huang Qingqin , Guo Jiami , Dai Lei , Lu Yixin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChiral α,α‐diaryl ketones are structural motifs commonly present in bioactive molecules, and they are also valuable building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry. However, catalytic asymmetric synthesis of α,α‐diaryl ketones bearing a tertiary stereogenic center remains largely unsolved. Herein, we report a catalytic de novo enantioselective synthesis of α,α‐diaryl ketones from simple alkynes via chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalysis. A broad range of enolizable α,α‐diaryl ketones are prepared in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities. The described protocol also serves as an efficient deuteration method for the preparation of enantiomerically enriched deuterated α,α‐diaryl ketones. Using the methodology reported, bioactive molecules, including one of the best‐selling anti‐breast cancer drugs, tamoxifen, are readily synthesized.
Supramolecular Polymerization of a Pyrene‐Substituted Diamide and Its Ensemble of Kinetically Trapped Configurations
Authors: Kompella Srinath V. K. , Balasubramanian Sundaram 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of kinetically accessible states in supramolecular polymerization pathways has been exploited to control the growth of the polymer and thereby to obtain niche morphologies. Yet, these pathways themselves are not easily amenable for experimental delineation but could potentially be understood through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Herein, we report an extensive investigation of the self‐assembly of pyrene‐substituted diamide (PDA) monomers in solution, conducted using atomistic MD simulations and advanced sampling methods. We characterize such kinetic and thermodynamic states as well as the transition pathways and free energy barriers between them. PDA forms a dimeric segment with the N‐ to C‐termini vectors of the diamide moieties arranged either in parallel or anti‐parallel fashion. This characteristic, combined with the molecule's torsional flexibility and pyrene–solvent interactions, presents an ensemble of molecular configurations contributing to the kinetic state in the polymerization pathway. While this ensemble primarily comprises short oligomers containing a mix of anti‐parallel and parallel dimeric segments, the thermodynamic state of the assembly is a right‐handed polymer featuring parallel ones only. Our work thus offers an approach by which the landscape of any specific supramolecular polymerization can be deconstructed.
Study on the structure of energy‐saving bend pipes in a decanter centrifuge
Authors: Fu Shuangcheng , Li Kewei , Zhou Faqi , Yuan Huixin , Shen Shuhuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDecanter centrifuges are widely used in solid–liquid separation, and saving their energy consumption is very important. In this paper, a bend pipe installed at the end of the decanter centrifuge was designed to save energy, and the effect of different structural parameters of the energy‐saving bend pipes on the outlet velocity and the reaction torque was investigated. The results revealed that the outlet velocity and the reaction torque were reduced with the increase in the number of pipes, outlet area, and pipe length. Increasing the radial position had little effect on the outlet velocity, but increased the reaction torque. Decreasing the outlet area and increasing the radial position both weaken the separation performance of the decanter centrifuge. The best separation performance and reaction torque effect were achieved in a suitable structure. Furthermore, the turbulent intensity was reduced from 143% to 135% in the new machine installed with bend pipes. The energy‐saving efficiency dropped with the increase of the rotational speed and the value was 13.1% under 2500 rpm. The separation performance of the new machine was similar to that of the original machine, and the dewatering speed was increased with the increase of the axial position.
Synthesis and characterization of low dielectric constant polybenzoxazines with different fluorine contents
Authors: Ma Xiaoyun , Lu Xin , Yuan Manlin , Lin Hao , Pan Xinyi , Kuo Shiao‐Wei , Xin Zhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe rapid development of integrated circuits puts forward higher requirements for low dielectric constant polymers. In this study, two fluorinated benzoxazine monomers, bis‐(3,4‐dihydro‐3‐(4‐fluoro‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazine)isopropane (BA‐ftfa) and bis‐(3,4‐dihydro‐3‐(4‐fluoro‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazine)isoperfluoropropane (BAF‐ftfa), were successfully synthesized. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used to monitor the thermal curing behaviors of the monomers and their mixtures. Five groups of polybenzoxazine samples with different fluorine content (25% ~ 35%) were obtained by copolymerizing the two monomers with different mass ratios. The effects of fluorine content on dielectric properties were investigated and the results show that PBAF‐ftfa with the highest fluorine content has the lowest dielectric constant of 2.53 at 1 MHz. Furthermore, the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) show that all polymers possess excellent thermal stability and exhibit high glass transition temperatures over than 180°C.
Application of ferrocene‐grafted polyethylene as UV‐absorbers
Authors: Zhang Yin , Wang Yu , You Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBased on derivatization of commercial poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (EVA), novel macromolecular UV‐absorbers with polyethylene (PE) backbones and ferrocene side groups are presented in this study. The structures and properties of the polymers were analyzed using various techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and UV visible absorption spectroscopy. UV analysis experiments have shown that PE‐grafted ferrocenyl ester (PE‐g‐FE) and PE‐grafted azacyclo‐ferrocene (PE‐g‐AF) with ferrocene side groups have the potential to act as UV absorbers. By using the polymers as additives for commercial PE, the anti‐migration experiment demonstrates that PE‐g‐AF, with a heterocyclic structure, exhibits superior anti‐migration performance than the ester‐linked PE‐g‐FE. Furthermore, in comparison to commercial small‐molecular UV absorbers (UV‐329), the PE‐g‐AF absorber not only exhibits better UV absorption performance but also demonstrates almost zero migration behavior within the PE matrix.
Extinction risks and threats facing the freshwater fishes of Britain
Authors: Nunn Andy D. , Ainsworth Rachel F. , Walton Silas , Bean Colin W. , Hatton‐Ellis Tristan W. , Brown Andy , Evans Rob , Atterborne Allison , Ottewell Dave , Noble Richard A.A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Extinctions occur naturally in all environments, but rates have accelerated rapidly during the Anthropocene, especially in fresh water. Despite supporting many fish species of conservation importance, there has never been a formal assessment of their extinction risks in Britain, which has impeded their inclusion in relevant legislation and policy. This study therefore used the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species™ Categories and Criteria to conduct the first systematic assessment of the extinction risks and threats facing the native freshwater and diadromous fishes of Britain. In addition, national assessments were produced for England, Scotland and Wales, reflecting the level at which environmental policy decisions are taken in Britain.
Seven species were categorized as being threatened with extinction at the regional level, with European eel Anguilla anguilla and allis shad Alosa alosa classified as Critically Endangered, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, vendace Coregonus albula and European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus classified as Endangered, and Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus and twaite shad Alosa fallax classified as Vulnerable. In addition, burbot Lota lota was classified as Regionally Extinct, ferox trout Salmo ferox was categorized as Data Deficient, and 25 species were categorized as Least Concern. European sturgeon Acipenser sturio and houting Coregonus oxyrinchus, although probably native, qualified as only vagrants in fresh water, so were categorized as Not Applicable.
The assessments provide objective baselines against which future changes can be determined, and a key evidence base to support policy and management decisions for the conservation of freshwater and diadromous fish species and their habitats in Britain. It is recommended that the assessments are repeated every 10 years, which would enable changes in conservation status, the effectiveness of policies and where targeted interventions may be required to be examined using the Red List Index.
Recent advances in multi‐metallic‐based nanozymes for enhanced catalytic cancer therapy
Authors: Cui Mingjin , Xu Bo , Wang Lianhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNanozymes have emerged as a promising alternative to natural enzymes, effectively addressing natural enzymes' inherent limitation. Versatility and potential applications of nanozyme span across various fields, with catalytic tumor therapy being one prominent area. This has sparked significant interest and exploration in the utilization of nanozymes for targeted cancer treatment. Recent advancements in interdisciplinary research, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and catalytic technology have led to the emergence of multi‐metallic‐based nanozymes, which exhibit tremendous potential for further development. This review focuses on investigating the synergistic effects of multi‐metallic‐based nanozymes, aiming to enhance our understanding of their catalytic activities and facilitate their broader applications. We comprehensively survey the remarkable achievements in the synthesis, catalytic mechanisms, and the latest applications of multi‐metallic‐based nanozymes in cancer catalytic therapy. Furthermore, we identify the current limitations and prospects of multi‐metallic‐based nanozymes in the development of new materials and the application of novel technologies, along with the potential challenges associated with catalytic cancer therapy. This review underscores the significance of multi‐metallic‐based nanozymes and emphasizes the need for continued exploration as well as their potential impact on the development of novel materials and the realization of breakthroughs in catalytic tumor therapy.
Tissue adhesive indocyanine green‐locking granular gel‐mediated photothermal therapy combined with checkpoint inhibitor for preventing postsurgical recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zeting Yuan , Shuli Ma , Yue Li , Haowei Fang , Jing Shang , Yueping Zhan , Jie Wang , Teng Chen , Wanli Deng , Zhang Kunxi , Peihao Yin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeveloping effective therapy to inhibit postoperative recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is challenging and significant to reduce mortality and morbidity. Here, a granular hydrogel, assembled from gelatin microgels by dialdehyde starch and interpenetrated with in situ polymerized poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate‐co‐N‐isopropylacrylamide) (P(SBMA‐co‐NIPAM)), is prepared to load and lock Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved indocyanine green (ICG) with definite photothermal function and biosafety for photothermal therapy (PTT) combining with checkpoint inhibitor. The presence of P(SBMA‐co‐NIPAM) endows granular hydrogel with high retention to water‐soluble ICG, preventing easy diffusion and rapid scavenging of ICG. The ICG‐locking granular hydrogel can be spread and adhered onto the surgery site at wet state in vivo, exerting a persistent and stable PTT effect. Combined with αPD‐L1 treatment, ICG‐locking granular hydrogel‐mediated PTT can eradicate postsurgery residual and metastatic tumors, and prevent long‐term tumor recurrence. Further mechanistic studies indicate that combination treatment effectively promotes dendritic cells maturation in lymph nodes, enhances the number and infiltration of CD8+ T and CD4+ T cells in tumor tissue, and improves memory T cell number in spleen, thus activating the antitumor immune response. Overall, ICG‐locking gel‐mediated PTT is expected to exhibit broad clinical applications in postoperative treatment of cancers, like CRC.
Sintilimab plus anlotinib as second‐ or third‐line therapy in metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer with uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor mutations: A prospective, single‐arm, phase II trial
Authors: Chen Kaiyan , Xu Yanjun , Huang Zhiyu , Yu Xiaoqing , Hong Wei , Li Hui , Xu Xiaoling , Lu Hongyang , Xie Fajun , Chen Jun , Xu Youzu , Fan Yun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and uncommon EGFR alterations typically have worse treatment outcomes than patients with classically EGFR‐mutated NSCLC. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of PD‐1 blockade with sintilimab plus anti‐angiogenic treatment with anlotinib in patients with NSCLC harboring uncommon EGFR mutations.MethodsPatients with metastatic NSCLC harboring uncommon EGFR mutations after two previous treatments, including a platinum‐based chemotherapy regimen and a targeted treatment (or chemotherapy only for patients harboring EGFR ex20ins), received sintilimab combined with anlotinib. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR).ResultsAt data cutoff (September 27, 2022), median follow‐up was 22.3 months (range, 1.2–37.6). Among 21 enrolled patients, 12 had EGFR ex20ins and nine had other uncommon EGFR mutations such as L861Q, G719A, and G709X. Overall, eight patients (38.1%) achieved an objective response, and 18 (85.7%) achieved disease control. Median (95% CI) progression‐free survival (PFS) was 7.0 (5.4–8.6) months, and median overall survival (OS) was 20.0 (15.6–24.4) months. The 12‐month PFS rate (95% CI) was 22.2% (7.4–42.0), and the 12‐month OS rate was 66.7% (42.5–82.5). Patients harboring EGFR ex20ins had similar ORR and PFS to those with other mutations. Six patients (28.6%) experienced grade 3 treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs); hand‐foot syndrome was the most common grade 3 TRAE (2 patients; 9.5%). No grade ≥4 TRAEs were observed.ConclusionsThe combination of sintilimab and anlotinib demonstrated durable efficacy and was generally well tolerated in patients with NSCLC and uncommon EGFR mutations who had received prior standard‐of‐care treatments. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04790409).
Elderly nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients (aged ≥70 years): Survival and treatment strategies
Authors: Yang Gang , Huang Jingjing , Sun Ji , Wang Li 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the coming of the aging society, the incidence of elderly nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been increasing which may result in considerable disease burden; however, the optimal treatment strategy for elderly patients is still debatable.Methods and ResultsClinical data on 294 elderly NPC patients aged ≥70 treated between 2009 and 2019 was analyzed. Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) rates. With a median follow‐up of 53.25 months, the 5‐year estimated OS and CSS for the entire group were 59.5% and 69.8%, respectively. 146 patients died within the follow‐up period, of which recurrence + metastasis (48%) and internal medical disease unrelated to NPC (32%) are the primary causes of death. On univariable analysis, (IMRT vs. 3D‐CRT) (p = 0.001; p = 0.000), T stage (p = 0.001; p = 0.000), N stage (p = 0.013; p = 0.000) and clinical stage (p = 0.000; p = 0.000) were associated with OS and CSS; Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (p = 0.016) was associated with OS. The addition of chemotherapy (CT) correlated with better CSS (p = 0.039), but did not improve OS (p = 0.056) for stage III–IV subgroup. On multivariate analysis, advanced clinical stage independently predicted poorer OS (p = 0.002) and CSS (p = 0.000). In addition, the application of IMRT was an independent protective factor on both OS (p = 0.028) and CSS (p = 0.030).ConclusionIMRT is a reasonable treatment strategy to improve survival for elderly NPC patients aged over 70 years; consideration of adding chemotherapy for elderly population should be weighed carefully.
Verruciform Xanthoma of the Buccal Gingiva: Two Cases With Different Clinical Presentations
Authors: Marlow Allison K. , Ramos Elizabeth D. , Blanchard Steven B. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionVerruciform xanthoma is an uncommon, benign, asymptomatic lesion commonly affecting the attached tissues in the oral cavity, especially the gingiva. Clinical presentation can be variable and requires biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.Case SeriesTwo cases of verruciform xanthoma in a 21‐year‐old male and a 46‐year‐old female are reported, emphasizing the need for thorough comprehensive analysis of all oral lesions. The clinical features, differential diagnoses, typical and atypical histological features, and potential etiology are presented.ConclusionsVerruciform xanthoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of solitary lesions in the oral cavity with a papillary, granular, or verrucous surface texture, and confirmed with histopathological examination. Continued monitoring for recurrence at routine examination is necessary especially in sites where the lesion may not have been completely excised.