bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Panoramic view of clinical features of lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional multicentre study from China
Authors: Jin Hui , Zhou Shihang , Yu Yangyiyi , Zhao Ming , Wu Haijing , Long Hai , Fu Siqi , Wu Ruifang , Yin Heng , Liao Jieyue , Luo Shuangyan , Liu Yu , Zhang Qing , Zhang Peng , Tan Yixin , Luo Shuaihantian , Huang Xin , Li Fen , Ling Guanghui , Lu Qianjin 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveLupus erythematosus (LE) is a complicated disease with highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Previous studies have rarely included all subgroups of patients with lupus and have overlooked the importance of the cutaneous manifestations thereof. We aimed to compare the demographic and clinical differences among patients with different subtypes of lupus.MethodsThis is the first real-world study with a relatively large sample size that simultaneously includes patients with isolated cutaneous lupus erythematosus (iCLE) and SLE. All samples were obtained from the Lupus Erythematosus Multicenter Case–control Study in Chinese populations (LEMCSC) (registration number: ChiCTR2100048939). Comparative analyses between different LE subgroups were performed.ResultsA total of 2097 patients with lupus were included, with 1865 patients with SLE, 1648 with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), and 232 with iCLE. Among the patients with CLE, 1330 had acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (ACLE); 160 had subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE); and 546 had chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE). The study included a relatively large number of patients with CCLE subtypes, including 311 with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), 262 with chilblain lupus erythematosus (CHLE) and 45 with lupus erythematosus profundus (LEP). Demographic characteristics, systemic involvement, mucocutaneous manifestations and autoantibodies were significantly different among the groups.ConclusionsCLE and iCLE are two distinct disease states, and the selection of broad or narrow CLE definitions should be emphasised in scientific reports. LE-non-specific cutaneous lesions imply more severity, while self-reported photosensitivity and LE-specific cutaneous manifestations imply milder severity. Generalised ACLE appears to be a more severe state than localised ACLE, and CHLE appears to be more severe than DLE. Anti-Sjögren’s syndrome-related antigen B (SSB) antibodies have higher specific directivity than anti-Sjögren’s syndrome-related antigen A (SSA) antibodies for SCLE lesions. Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies have a higher co-occurrence with ACLE and a lower co-occurrence with SCLE and CCLE. Compared with DLE, CHLE has significantly higher positive rates of anti-SSA/Ro60 (71%) and anti-SSA/Ro52 (42.4%) antibodies, whereas LEP is associated with a higher positive rate of antinucleosome antibodies (31.1%).
Open versus percutaneous tube thoracostomy with and without thoracic lavage for traumatic hemothorax: a novel randomized controlled simulation trial
Authors: McLauchlan Nathaniel R , Igra Noah M , Fisher Lydia T , Byrne James P , Beyer Carl A , Geng Zhi , Schmulevich Daniela , Brinson Martha M , Dumas Ryan P , Holena Daniel N , Hynes Allyson M , Rosen Claire B , Shah Amit N , Vella Michael A , Cannon Jeremy W 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo quantify and assess the relative performance parameters of thoracic lavage and percutaneous thoracostomy (PT) using a novel, basic science 2×2 randomized controlled simulation trial.Summary background dataTreatment of traumatic hemothorax (HTX) with open tube thoracostomy (TT) is painful and retained HTX is common. PT is potentially less painful whereas thoracic lavage may reduce retained HTX. Yet, procedural time and the feasibility of combining PT with lavage remain undefined.MethodsA simulated partially clotted HTX (2%-gelatin-saline mixture) was loaded into a TT trainer and then evacuated after randomization to one of four protocols: TT+/-lavage or PT+/-lavage. Standardized inserts with fixed 28-Fr TT or 14-Fr PT positioning were used to minimize tube positioning variability. Lavage consisted of two 500 mL aliquots of warm saline after initial HTX evacuation. The primary outcome was HTX volume evacuated. The secondary outcome was additional procedural time required for the addition of the lavage.ResultsA total of 40 simulated HTX trials were randomized. TT alone evacuated a median of 1236 mL (IQR 1168, 1294) leaving a residual volume of 265 mL (IQR 206, 333). PT alone resulted in a significantly greater median residual volume of 588 mL (IQR 497, 646) (p=0.002). Adding lavage resulted in similar residual volumes for TT compared with TT alone but significantly less for PT compared with PT alone (p=0.002). Lavage increased procedural time for TT by a median of 7.0 min (IQR 6.5, 8.0) vs 11.7 min (IQR 10.2, 12.0) for PT (p<0.001).ConclusionThis simulation trial characterized HTX evacuation in a standardized fashion. Adding lavage to thoracostomy placement may improve evacuation, particularly for small-diameter tubes, with little added procedural time. Further prospective clinical study is warranted.Level of evidenceNA.
Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov study of quantum shell effects on the path to fission in $$^{180}$$Hg, $$^{236}$$U and $$^{256}$$Fm
Authors: Bernard R. N. , Simenel C. , Blanchon G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuantum shell effects stabilising fission fragments with various shapes have been invoked as a factor determining the distribution of nucleons between the fragments at scission. Shell effects also induce asymmetric shapes in the nucleus on its way to fission well before the final fragments are (pre)formed. These shell effects are studied in fission of $$^{180}$$

180

Hg, $$^{236}$$

236

U and $$^{256}$$

256

Fm with constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations using the D1S parametrisation of the Gogny interaction. Strutinsky shell energy correction and single-particle energy level density near the Fermi surface are computed. Several neutron and proton shell effects are identified as drivers towards asymmetric fission. Shell effects are also used to identify the preformation of the fragments in the later stage of fission.
Relativistic resistive magneto-hydrodynamics code for high-energy heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Nakamura Kouki , Miyoshi Takahiro , Nonaka Chiho , Takahashi Hiroyuki R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe construct a relativistic resistive magneto-hydrodynamic (RRMHD) numerical simulation code for high-energy heavy-ion collisions as a first designed code in the Milne coordinates. We split the system of differential equations into two parts, a non-stiff and a stiff part. For the non-stiff part, we evaluate the numerical flux using HLL approximated Riemann solver and execute the time integration by the second-order of Runge–Kutta algorithm. For the stiff part, which appears in Ampere’s law, we integrate the equations using semi-analytic solutions of the electric field. We employ the generalized Lagrange multiplier method to ensure the divergence-free constraint for the magnetic field and Gauss’s law. We confirm that our code reproduces well the results of standard RRMHD tests in the Cartesian coordinates. In the Milne coordinates, the code with high conductivity is validated against relativistic ideal MHD tests. We also verify the semi-analytic solutions of the accelerating longitudinal expansion of relativistic resistive magneto-hydrodynamics in high-energy heavy-ion collisions in comparison with our numerical result. Our numerical code reproduces these solutions.
Five dimensional analysis of electromagnetism with heat flow in the post-quasi-static approximation
Authors: Zahra A. , Mardan S. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of dissipative and electrically charged distributions in five dimensions is presented by using the post-quasistatic approximation. It is an iterative technique for the evolution of self-gravitating spheres of matter. We construct non-adiabatic distributions by means of an equation of state that accounts for the anisotropy based on electric charge. Streaming out and diffusion approximations are used to describe dissipation. In non-comoving coordinates, we match the higher dimensional interior solution with the corresponding Vaidya–Reissner–Nordström exterior solution. Hence, a system of higher dimensional surface equations results from generalized form of the post-quasistatic approximation. Surface equations are essential for understanding physical phenomena such as luminosity, Doppler shift, and red-shift at the boundary surface of gravitating sources.
Intra-annual variations of microhabitat use and movements of a critically endangered arboreal day gecko endemic to Reunion Island: implications for conservation
Authors: Choeur Arthur , Clémencet Johanna , Le Corre Matthieu , Roesch Markus A. , Sanchez Mickaël 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Habitat loss is the leading cause of reptile decline and therefore, habitat studies are crucial to implement conservation actions. We investigated the microhabitat use of the Manapany day gecko (Phelsuma inexpectata), a critically endangered species endemic to Reunion Island (Western Indian Ocean). Anthropogenic disturbances led to a severe fragmentation of the gecko population, and habitat requirements of this species are poorly known, impeding effective restoration work. We (i) investigated intra-annual variations in microhabitat use, (ii) investigated movement rate to better understand habitat use, and (iii) characterised egg-laying sites. We surveyed two gecko populations in remnant natural habitat annually during five years (2015-2019) and monthly in one of the populations during 18 consecutive months. A total of 2621 gecko detections were recorded and 25 egg-laying sites were characterised. Geckos used mainly native plant species, with a high preference for screw pine thickets. We observed seasonal variations in microhabitat preferences and movement rates. Geckos perched higher and thermoregulated motionless in the canopy during winter. In summer, geckos perched lower, spent less time thermoregulating and exhibited saxicolous behaviour, particularly in females. Egg-laying sites were mainly found in rock cavities surrounded by native plants and facing southwards. Our findings confirm the importance of native coastal vegetation for the conservation of this species. Seasonal shifts of microhabitat use indicate that P. inexpectata (i) need habitats with thermal heterogeneity to adapt to seasonal changes in their thermal environment, and (ii) adapt their microhabitat use according to their reproductive phenology, especially for egg-laying in rock cavities.
Sufi Feminism
Authors: Hassan Hamdy A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Men founded and have ruled over Sufi orders since their inception, and thus the position of Khalifa or shaykh has been traditionally held by men. However, this study argues that in some Islamic mystical traditions women have assumed a senior leadership role with all the power that such a prominent position entails. More research is needed to understand the challenges Sufi women have faced in legitimizing their power, their experiences in a patriarchal society, and the various methods they have used to establish and protect their religious authority. By adopting a qualitative approach, this study seeks to explain the shift in Sufi women’s leadership role in society, specifically within the African context, focusing on two women who were influential spiritual leaders, Nana Asmaʾu and Sharifa ʿAlawiyya al-Mīrghanī. The study concludes that African Sufi feminist traditions overcame the challenges posed by their complex societal contexts.
‘Illiberal’ Peace and the Nature of ‘Illiberality’: Concepts and Cases
Authors: Mitchell Christopher 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on an old type of imposed peace settlement which has been enjoying something of a revival in the past decade and has challenged the dominant “liberal peace” model as a way of ending violence in a conflict. It seeks to clarify what is meant by an “illiberal” or authoritarian peace by re-examining and contrasting the essential characters of a liberal peace. The study uses the series of peace agreements in Central America and elsewhere during the 1990s as examples, and then contrasts these with authoritarian or “illiberal” settlements, ending by asking whether an “illiberal,” or even a “victor’s” peace, might be more durable, at least in the short run.
Negotiating the Opening of International Organizations to Non-State Actors: The Case of the World Health Organization
Authors: Guilbaud Auriane 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Based on empirical fieldwork, this article analyzes the negotiation of a Framework of Engagement with Non-State Actors (fensa) at the World Health Organization (who) between 2011 and 2016. The study examines the long and difficult negotiation process, which shifts from a mere adaptation of guidelines by the who Secretariat to an intergovernmental negotiation led by a core group of Member States. This negotiation process cannot simply be explained by traditional dialogues among delegations and hierarchical relationships within international organizations. Other factors played important roles in the process as well – the high political stakes of the issue, non-traditional coalition games, heterogeneity among the actors, and the who Secretariat’s role as a negotiating party – all advocating for the development of a triangular, multi-voice negotiation model within international organizations.
Barriers to Accessing Services as a Violation of Rights
Authors: Soriano Moreno Silvia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a research study carried out in the area of Campo Arañuelo, in the Spanish autonomous community of Extremadura. The study aimed to establish whether women in rural areas had difficulty accessing public services and whether the difficulties were the same for women of Spanish origin and women from migrant backgrounds. Difficulties in accessing public services would constitute material violations of the rights of individuals.
Perceptions of the Feminist Movement and Women’s Rights in the Context of Universal Rights vs Cultural & Religious Norms in African Societies
Authors: Simuziya Nsama Jonathan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose – The disposition of contemporary African societies suggest that women are coerced into dependent and exploitative power relations in the name of culture, tradition, and religion. This study aims to evaluate the historical evolution and influence of the feminist agenda and how it has been received in African cultural and political circles. Given that patriarchy systems in African communities are deeply entrenched, this study aims to assess the viability of the feminist agenda in challenging those male-dominated spaces that have contributed to the slow pace of women’s emancipation. Most intriguingly is the view that gender inequality in contemporary Africa was born out of colonialism.
Design/Method of Enquiry – Data were collected through scripts and media recorded interviews of experts who are specialised in the African study fields of history, anthropology, sociology, spirituality, and political science. Much of the literature was gathered from secondary information which drew from academic journals, scholarly books, and online publications.
Findings – The findings suggest that feminism and universal rights in African polities are often viewed with misgivings as a contemporary phenomenon; a product of colonial legacies infused with neo-imperial impulses. Broadly, this perception runs deep in the African psyche across the continent. This widespread view is premised on the idea that pre-colonial Africa did not have problems of gender equality. The study suggests that the tension between feminism (and universal rights) on the one hand, and culture, on the other hand, can best be resolved through the prism of cross-cultural universals -a theory that seeks to find a common ground between these juxtaposes.
Originality/Value – The study contributes of the literature by pushing the envelope of human rights awareness in contemporary Africa beyond cultural and religious discourses.
The study brings to the fore, increased societal awareness that the fight for human rights in contemporary Africa is not necessarily a battle between Western and cultural values, but rather, about a fight for or against a human rights disposition. Most significantly, the study advances the argument that the holistic growth of a polity is dependent on all stake holders actively and freely participating in polity governance based on their ability and effort, and not based on gender or on any other consideration.
Discriminatory practices against women or against any marginalised persons not only robs them of their ability to fulfil their potential as individuals, but in fact takes back all of society.
Subtitling Taboo Expressions from a Conservative to a More Liberal Culture
Authors: Haider Ahmad S. , Saideen Bassam , Hussein Riyad F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Subtitling involves constraints about differences between cultures. This requires a set of translation strategies, especially when subtitling from relatively conservative to more liberal cultures. This study explores subtitlers’ strategies when translating the Jordanian Arabic vernacular series Jinn into English. Jinn has been selected because it’s Netflix’s first Arabic-Jordanian series containing explicit scenes and inappropriate language. Further culture-bound expressions were classified according to their connotative functions. The findings demonstrated that subtitlers used various strategies to render culture-bound expressions from Arabic into English. These include translating the source culture taboo to a target culture taboo of the same, higher or lower intensity levels. The findings also revealed that ‘unfriendly suggestions’ and ‘noun supports’ were the most frequently targeted connotative functions of the swear words. The research recommends additional studies on subtitling movies and series cross-culture.
Drought stress intensifies the phytotoxicity of five Asteraceae exotic invasive plants
Authors: Xu Zhelun , Zhong Shanshan , Yu Youli , Wang Yueyang , Liu Jun , Guo Erhui , Wang Congyan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The phytotoxicity of exotic invasive plants (EIP) is vital for their successful invasion. At the family level, Asteraceae contains the largest number of EIP species in China. Drought stress may affect the phytotoxicity of EIP by altering the production and secretion of allelochemicals. Therefore, it is important to estimate the phytotoxicity of multiple EIP under drought stress. In this study, the phytotoxicity of five Asteraceae EIP, i.e., Solidago canadensis L., Aster subulatus Michx., Bidens pilosa L., Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers., and Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq., were estimated using leaf extracts. Their effects on seed germination and seedling growth of the horticultural Asteraceae species Lactuca sativa L. under drought stress (simulated by polyethylene glycol-6000) were assessed. These five Asteraceae EIP, particularly S. canadensis, inhibited seed germination of L. sativa. Aster subulatus, B. pilosa, E. annuus, and C. canadensis increased seedling growth of L. sativa. The phytotoxicity of these five Asteraceae EIP decreased in the following order: S. canadensis > E. annuus > A. subulatus > B. pilosa ≈ C. canadensis. Drought stress intensified the phytotoxicity of all five Asteraceae EIP. The level of stress intensity mediated by these five Asteraceae EIP, particularly by S. canadensis, A. subulatus, and B. pilosa, increased with increasing degree of drought stress. Thus, an increasing growing degree of drought stress may accelerate the invasion process of these five Asteraceae EIP via the effects of intensified phytotoxicity on growth performance of adjacent species, particularly on seed germination and seedling growth.
Laterality of shell formation differs in two sympatric gastropod species: mulberry shell (Tenguella granulata), and strawberry topshell (Clanculus pharaonius)
Authors: Yosef Reuven , Kadosh Tamar , Kosicki Jakub Z. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We studied and found that the populations of two gastropod species in the inter-tidal zone of the Red Sea at Eilat demonstrate a predominantly dextral chirality of their shells. We identified lateralization sinistral/dextral shell torsion for 675 live Tenguella granulata (left = 114, 16.9%; right = 561, 83.1%) and 405 Clanculus pharaonius (left = 102, 25.2%; right = 303, 74.8%). In both cases, we found differences between sinistral and dextral shell torsions for Tenguella granulata and Clanculus pharaonius. The ecological and evolutionary consequences of individuals with sinistral chirality are unclear, but there are indications that it is a directional rather than stochastic process.
Quasi-fideist Presuppositionalism: Cornelius Van Til, Wittgenstein, and Hinge Epistemology
Authors: Smith Nicholas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
I argue that the epistemology underlying Cornelius Van Til’s presuppositional apologetic methodology is quasi-fideist. According to this view, the rationality of religious belief is dependent on absolutely certain ungrounded grounds, called hinges. I further argue that the quasi-fideist epistemology of presuppositional apologetics explains why Van Til’s method is neither fideist nor problematically circular: hinges are rational in the sense that they are partly constitutive of rationality, and all beliefs (not just religious ones) depend on hinges. In addition, it illuminates something of why it may strike one as a misguided or uncompelling apologetic method: instead of starting by tackling the comparatively minor epistemic commitments of the nonbeliever, it directly approaches their deepest and surest commitments.
The Testament of the Nun Maria (Kale)
Authors: Chitwood Zachary 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The testament of Kale (in religion Maria), written in the year 1098 and transmitted by copy in the archive of Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos, constitutes one of the most remarkable documents of the Moyen Âge grec. While its contents have hitherto been analyzed through the lens of economic and rural history, her will contains exhaustive commemorative prescriptions which shed light on how Byzantine founders sought to preserve their memory. The present contribution examines this testament, along with related documents, as a remarkable expression of Maria’s concern for the salvation of her soul, and that of her spouse, which she sought to realize through memorial services, charitable distributions and commemorative feasting. The testament makes clear that Maria pursued various commemorative strategies to perpetuate her own memory and that of her deceased husband: to this end, she incentivized several groups of people with bequests to pray for her after her death. A complete translation of the testament into English is offered along with an annotated commentary in an appendix.