bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of aspirin to inhibit platelet aggregation in patients hospitalised with a severe infection: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: van Zijverden Lieve Mees , Schutte Moya Henriëtte , Madsen Milou Cecilia , Bonten Tobias Nicolaas , Smulders Yvo Michiel , Wiepjes Chantal Maria , van Diemen Jeske Joanna Katarina , Thijs Abel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPatients with severe infection have an increased risk of cardiovascular events. A possible underlying mechanism is inflammation-induced platelet aggregation. We investigated whether hyperaggregation occurs during infection, and whether aspirin inhibits this. In this multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial, patients hospitalised due to acute infection were randomised to receive 10 days of aspirin treatment (80 mg 1dd or 40 mg 2dd) or no intervention (1:1:1 allocation). Measurements were performed during infection (T1; days 1–3), after intervention (T2; day 14) and without infection (T3; day > 90). The primary endpoint was platelet aggregation measured by the Platelet Function Analyzer® closure time (CT), and the secondary outcomes were serum and plasma thromboxane B2 (sTxB2 and pTxB2). Fifty-four patients (28 females) were included between January 2018 and December 2020. CT was 18% (95%CI 6;32) higher at T3 compared with T1 in the control group (n = 16), whereas sTxB2 and pTxB2 did not differ. Aspirin prolonged CT with 100% (95%CI 77; 127) from T1 to T2 in the intervention group (n = 38), while it increased with only 12% (95%CI 1;25) in controls. sTxB2 decreased with 95% (95%CI − 97; − 92) from T1 to T2, while it increased in the control group. pTxB2 was not affected compared with controls. Platelet aggregation is increased during severe infection, and this can be inhibited by aspirin. Optimisation of the treatment regimen may further diminish the persisting pTxB2 levels that point towards remaining platelet activity. This trial was registered on 13 April 2017 at EudraCT (2016-004303-32).
International immigration and final consumption expenditure composition
Authors: Addessi William , Etzo Ivan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFocusing on EU countries, we analyze the influence of immigration flows on the demand for different aggregate categories of final consumption goods. Using the cross-country heterogeneity in immigration flows and preference structures, we find that when people move from a country to another, the sectoral preferences characterizing the origin country affect the preference structure of the host country. Furthermore, we find evidence that the transmission mechanism is reinforced by both the intensity of the immigration flows and the share of immigrants already living in the host country, suggesting a higher propensity to assimilate different consumption standards in more pluralistic countries. Our contribution is twofold. First, differently from most of the literature that analyzes the supply-side consequences of immigration, this study focuses on the impact of immigration on the demand side at the aggregate level. Second, we show that sectoral consumer preferences, even if elicited only residually, represent aggregate variables that can be transferred across countries.
How do patients experience chronic kidney disease? A mixed-methods study among patients in Sweden
Authors: Wolpert Elisabeth Z. , Norman Sara , Eek Daniel , Holmesson Carina , Fernström Anders 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) severely impacts patients’ lives. Nevertheless, little is known about patients’ own experiences of living with CKD in Sweden. The objective of this study was to describe the patient’s perspective on CKD—including diagnosis, treatment journey, and healthcare interactions—and how CKD impacts patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work capacity.

Subject and methods
A mixed-methods approach was used that incorporated (i) a quantitative online survey with study-specific questions and assessments of HRQoL and work impairment among 178 patients with CKD in Sweden, and (ii) 40 qualitative interviews to gain an in-depth understanding of the patient experience.

Results
HRQoL and work capacity were notably impacted by CKD and deteriorated with advancing disease stage. Patients experienced numerous symptoms long before diagnosis, but still found diagnosis unexpected. Fatigue was the most frequently reported symptom impacting all areas of patients’ lives. In the interviews, patients reported that they worried what their future life would be like, a dread of dialysis and organ transplantation, and how they implemented lifestyle changes to mitigate progression. In primary healthcare, patients struggled to have their symptoms taken seriously. Once referred to kidney specialists, patients were satisfied with healthcare. Patients wished they had been diagnosed sooner in their disease journey.

Conclusion
These findings highlight an unmet need from the patient’s perspective in primary healthcare, driven primarily by lack of early CKD diagnosis. In Sweden, there is a need for increased education on CKD in primary care, and a need for increased availability of specialized kidney care.
Welcome on Board? Appointment Dynamics of Women as Directors
Authors: Schoonjans Eline , Hottenrott Hanna , Buchwald Achim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing the participation of women in top-level corporate boards is high on the agenda of policy-makers. Yet, we know little about director appointment dynamics and the drivers and impediments of women appointments. This study builds on organizational and group-level behavior theories and empirically investigates how ex-ante board structures and gender-specific board dynamics impact the representation of women on corporate boards. We study boards of listed firms in Europe between 2002 and 2019 and find a declining appointment probability for every additional woman, i.e., the share of women already on the board negatively predicts the likelihood of additional women appointments. Further, we find evidence of a replacement effect, i.e., the likelihood of a woman being appointed as director is significantly larger when a woman, compared to when a man, leaves the board. We do not find spillover effects from non-executive to executive boards. These results are robust to econometric model specifications that address potential endogeneity concerns using matching and instrumental variables. Our results confirm that board director appointments are gender specific and suggest that demand-side factors such as explicit and implicit norms drive women appointments up to a certain threshold.
Charged boson stars revisited
Authors: López José Damián , Alcubierre Miguel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider again stationary solutions to the spherically symmetric Einstein–Maxwell–Klein–Gordon system, commonly known as “charged boson stars”, originally studied by Jetzer and Van Der Bij (Phys Lett B 227:341, 1989). We construct families of charged boson stars in the ground state, for different values of the charge parameter q, and different values of the central scalar field. Following Jetzer and Van Der Bij, one can define a critical value for the charge $$q=q_c$$

q
=

q
c

that corresponds to the value for which the Coulomb repulsion of the bosonic particles exactly cancels their newtonian gravitational attraction. We confirm the claim made by Pugliese et al. (Phys Rev D, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.88.024053) that super-critical solutions exist for a limited range of charges above the critical value $$q>q_c$$

q
>

q
c

(though we find an even smaller range of q for which this is possible). Our analysis indicates, however, that all such super-critical solutions are gravitationally unbound, and are therefore expected to be unstable. One of the main results of our analysis is the fact that, even though we do find a family of slightly super-critical solutions in the sense that $$q>q_c$$

q
>

q
c

, there are no super-critical solutions in the sense that the total charge Q is larger than the total mass M of the system.
Interactional Contingencies in Rehearsing a Theater Scene: The Consequentiality of Body Arrangements as Action Unfolds
Authors: Lefebvre Augustin , Mondada Lorenza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBased on video-recordings of several weeks of rehearsals of a Japanese theater piece played by French actors, and adopting an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic perspective, this paper focuses on how the same few lines of a scene are subsequently enacted. In particular, it explores how the scene is played, not only in relation to the script but also to the situated moment-by-moment unfolding of embodied movements constituting the actions and achieving their detailed formatting and meaning. Whereas the dialogue refers to the scripted text, we argue that the multimodal details of each scene constitute a unique situated course of action achieved for ‘another first time,’ whose multimodal configuration depends on the temporality and the shape of each step, gesture, and body posture, as they are embodied and responded to in the vivid present and its contingencies. We demonstrate this by revealing how variations of the scene are performed, explored, and serendipitously found by the actors. We focus in particular on embodied details like walking, sitting, hugging and kissing, and the sequential and temporal positions at which they co-occur with the lines of the script. The analysis demonstrates both the indexicality of the script interpretations and the creative contingencies of the embodied work of the actors. In this way, it aims at contributing to current growing literature revisiting theater rehearsal as a situated activity and an interactional multimodal achievement.
Investigation of the structural and temperature-dependent electrical properties of MZnO (M = Ce and Sm) Schottky diode devices fabricated using the sol–gel spin-coating technique
Authors: Ahmed Mustafa A. M. , Meyer W. E. , Nel J. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present study, the Schottky diode devices based on Ce and Sm co-doped ZnO thin films were fabricated using the sol–gel spin-coating technique with Pd and Pt as Schottky contacts. The structural and electrical properties of the fabricated Schottky diode devices were investigated at room temperature and in the temperature range of 320–160 K. The crystalline structure of the prepared films was studied using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The I–V characteristics of the fabricated Schottky diode devices based on Pd and Pt Schottky contacts manifest good diode behavior with the rectification of nine and ten orders of magnitudes, respectively. The ideality factor for Pd-based Schottky diode was found to decrease with temperature, and the lowest value obtained at 160 K was 1.3, while for the Pt-based Schottky diode, the ideality factor was found to increase with decreasing temperature. Moreover, by using two Gaussian models, the barrier height for Pt Schottky diodes was found to decrease with decreasing temperature indicating the inhomogeneity in the barrier height. Furthermore, alongside the thermionic emission theory, the fabricated Schottky diode parameters were also analyzed with Cheung–Cheung and the modified Nord methods. Finally, the current transport mechanism in both fabricated Pd and Pt was found to be controlled by an Ohmic, trap-filled voltage and space-charge-limited current mechanisms in the low, moderate and higher voltage bias, respectively.
Candida spp. in Human Intestinal Health and Disease: More than a Gut Feeling
Authors: Kreulen Irini A. M. , de Jonge Wouter J. , van den Wijngaard René M. , van Thiel Isabelle A. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFungi are an essential part of the normal collection of intestinal microorganisms, even though their collective abundance comprises only 0.1–1% of all fecal microbes. The composition and role of the fungal population is often studied in relation to early-life microbial colonization and development of the (mucosal) immune system. The genus Candida is frequently described as one of the most abundant genera, and altered fungal compositions (including elevated abundance of Candida spp.) have been linked with intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. These studies are performed using both culture-dependent and genomic (metabarcoding) techniques. In this review, we aimed to summarize existing data on intestinal Candida spp. colonization in relation to intestinal disease and provide a brief overview of the biological and technical challenges in this field, including the recently described role of sub-species strain variation of intestinal Candida albicans. Together, the evidence for a contributing role of Candida spp. in pediatric and adult intestinal disease is quickly expanding, even though technical and biological challenges may limit full understanding of host-microbe interactions.
Just-in-time defect prediction for mobile applications: using shallow or deep learning?
Authors: van Dinter Raymon , Catal Cagatay , Giray Görkem , Tekinerdogan Bedir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJust-in-time defect prediction (JITDP) research is increasingly focused on program changes instead of complete program modules within the context of continuous integration and continuous testing paradigm. Traditional machine learning-based defect prediction models have been built since the early 2000s, and recently, deep learning-based models have been designed and implemented. While deep learning (DL) algorithms can provide state-of-the-art performance in many application domains, they should be carefully selected and designed for a software engineering problem. In this research, we evaluate the performance of traditional machine learning algorithms and data sampling techniques for JITDP problems and compare the model performance with the performance of a DL-based prediction model. Experimental results demonstrated that DL algorithms leveraging sampling methods perform significantly worse than the decision tree-based ensemble method. The XGBoost-based model appears to be 116 times faster than the multilayer perceptron-based (MLP) prediction model. This study indicates that DL-based models are not always the optimal solution for software defect prediction, and thus, shallow, traditional machine learning can be preferred because of better performance in terms of accuracy and time parameters.
Explanatory efficiency: A framework for analyzing the dynamic properties of explanatory games
Authors: Lipski Jonas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper I will discuss the problem of evaluating dynamic properties of the procedural rules that govern science. I will propose a novel framework for evaluating dynamic properties of such rules. This framework is based upon an analogy from New Institutional Economics. I will argue that the concept of ‘adaptive efficiency’, as it has been developed by Douglass North, solves a problem in economics that is analogous to the problem of evaluating dynamic properties of the procedural rules that govern science. I will propose to apply the main ideas underlying this concept to Chrysostomos Mantzavinos’s theory of Explanatory Games. Based on these ideas, I will develop the concept of ‘explanatory efficiency’. This concept is meant to provide the means to evaluate the dynamic properties of Explanatory Games. I will argue that the proposed analogy also motivates more general applications of New Institutional Economics to traditional problems of philosophy of science.
Water Quality and Microbiological Assessment of Burullus Lake and Its Surrounding Drains
Authors: Al-Afify Afify D. G. , Abdo Mohamed H. , Othman Amal A. , Abdel-Satar Amaal M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Burullus Lake, which is the second-largest coastal lagoon in Egypt, is deteriorating due to nutrient enrichment and pollutant loading. The study aims to assess the lake’s water quality using water quality indices and microbiological assessment. Surface water samples were collected from Burullus Lake in winter and summer, as well as samples from drains that discharge waste into the lake. Most lake stations are classified in the marginal category based on the water quality index (WQI). Dissolved oxygen, ammonia, copper, and cadmium have the greatest impact on WQI, reflecting pollution loads. Based on the contamination index, heavy metal classification results ranged from “lowly polluted” to “highly polluted.” According to the Nemerow Index, human activity has significantly impaired the ecology of the lake and surrounding drains through copper and cadmium pollution. The fecal coliform/fecal streptococci ratio was less than 0.6 in lake water samples, suggesting fecal contamination from domesticated animal wastes. Drain water contaminated with fecal streptococci indicated frequent contamination. Several drains allow a significant amount of effluent, including high amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, to enter the lake, causing serious metal and microbiological pollution Dredging and deepening the inlet link between the lake and Mediterranean Sea have had a positive impact on water quality. However, there are still other options for improving the lake’s health. Therefore, it is recommended to routinely check Burullus Lake’s water quality and its surrounding drains to keep track of its condition and assess any improvement efforts’ effectiveness.
Health risk assessment of lake water contaminated with microcystins for fruit crop irrigation and farm animal drinking
Authors: Redouane El Mahdi , Tazart Zakaria , Lahrouni Majida , Mugani Richard , Elgadi Sara , Zine Hamza , Zerrifi Soukaina El Amrani , Haida Mohammed , Martins José Carlos , Campos Alexandre , Oufdou Khalid , Vasconcelos Vitor , Oudra Brahim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe health risks linked to the consumption of microcystin-accumulating crops have been increasing worldwide in toxic cyanobloom-occurring regions. The bioaccumulation of microcystins (MCs) in agricultural produce at environmentally realistic concentrations is poorly investigated. In this field study, we assessed the health risks of MCs in raw water used for irrigating fruit crops (bioaccumulation) and watering farm animals in the Lalla Takerkoust agricultural region (Marrakesh, Morocco). Thus, MCs were extracted from water and fruit samples and quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in order to calculate the health risk indicators. MCs posed a high health-risk level to poultry and horses, with estimated daily intakes (EDI) being 14- and 19-fold higher than the recommended limits (3.1 and 2.3 μg MC-LR L−1), respectively. Furthermore, pomegranate posed the same level of risk, with EDI being 22- and 53-fold higher than the limit dose (0.04 μg MC-LR kg−1) for adults and children, respectively. There was an urgent need for guidelines regarding water use and management in MC-polluted areas, besides the setup of nature-based tools for toxin removal from raw water used in farming practices. Moreover, MCs could contaminate the human food chain, which implies further investigations of their potential accumulation in livestock- and poultry-based food.
Epidemic Management via Imperfect Testing: A Multi-criterial Perspective
Authors: Palma Giuseppe , Caprioli Damiano , Mari Lorenzo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDiagnostic testing may represent a key component in response to an ongoing epidemic, especially if coupled with containment measures, such as mandatory self-isolation, aimed to prevent infectious individuals from furthering onward transmission while allowing non-infected individuals to go about their lives. However, by its own nature as an imperfect binary classifier, testing can produce false negative or false positive results. Both types of misclassification are problematic: while the former may exacerbate the spread of disease, the latter may result in unnecessary isolation mandates and socioeconomic burden. As clearly shown by the COVID-19 pandemic, achieving adequate protection for both people and society is a crucial, yet highly challenging task that needs to be addressed in managing large-scale epidemic transmission. To explore the trade-offs imposed by diagnostic testing and mandatory isolation as tools for epidemic containment, here we present an extension of the classical Susceptible-Infected-Recovered model that accounts for an additional stratification of the population based on the results of diagnostic testing. We show that, under suitable epidemiological conditions, a careful assessment of testing and isolation protocols can contribute to epidemic containment, even in the presence of false negative/positive results. Also, using a multi-criterial framework, we identify simple, yet Pareto-efficient testing and isolation scenarios that can minimize case count, isolation time, or seek a trade-off solution for these often contrasting epidemic management objectives.
How brand familiarity influences advertising effectiveness of non-profit organizations
Authors: García-Madariaga Jesús , Simón Sandoval Pamela , Moya Burgos Ingrit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon-Profit Organizations (NPOs) find themselves in a very competitive environment, as everyday consumers are constantly exposed to numerous advertisements; thus, they must find ways to capture consumers’ attention. The objective of this study is to explore how the different elements (image, text, logo) of print advertisements of NPOs using different emotional appeals (positive and negative) of a familiar and unfamiliar brand influence donation behaviour and the attitude toward the ad (Aad). Using eye-tracking technology and a survey, we conducted two experiments, one with unfamiliar brands of NPOs and another with a familiar brand. The results showed the advertisement areas on which participants fixated and their relationship with participants’ attitude towards the advertisement and donation behaviour. For unfamiliar NPOs, the less time it took the participant to first fixate on the logo area, the more positive attitude toward the ad when the advertisement used a negative frame. Also, participants spent more time in the image area of negatively framed ads when they had a more positive attitude toward the ad. On the other hand, for a familiar brand, the time to first fixate on the logo area had a negative correlation with the donation behaviour, indicating that the less time it takes to first fixate on the logo area, the more participants chose to donate.