bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Kelas X TITL Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Materi Operasi Matriks di SMKN 2 Gerung Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Sudarsana I Nyoman Gandi , Sridana Nyoman , Lu’luilmaknun Ulfa , Baidowi Baidowi 
Published: April 2023

Kesulitan belajar adalah suatu gangguan kondisi yang terjadinya pada siswa yang menyimpang antara kemampuan yang dimiliki dengan prestasi yang ditujukkan pada tiga akademik dasar seperti membaca, menulis, dan berhitung. Tujuan penelitaian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kesulitan belajar dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar Siswa Kelas X TITL dalam menyelesaikan soal materi operasi matriks di SMKN 2 Gerung tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Metode penelitian adalah metode kualitatif. Banyak subjek penelitian ini adalah 6 siswa yang telah direduksi menjadi 3 kategori yaitu, tingkat kemampuan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan belajar yang dialami subjek dengan kategori tinggi ialah kesulitan membaca dan menulis dengan faktor internal meliputi labilnya kondisi yang dipengaruhi lingkungan sosial kurang baik sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi media masa, lingkungan sosial, dan ekonomi keluarga; kesulitan belajar yang dialami subjek dengan kategori sedang ialah kesulitan membaca dan kesulitan menulis dengan faktor internal diantaranya kecerdasan siswa, motivasi siswa, dan minat siswa sedangkan faktor eksternal diantaranya metode guru dalam mengajar, sarana dan prasarana sekolah; dan kesulitan belajar yang dialami subjek dengan kategori rendah ialah kesulitan membaca, menulis dan menghitung dengan faktor internal meliputi tidak adanya bakat dan minat dalam matematika, serta kurang motivasi dalam belajar matematika. Sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi orang tua yang kurang memperhatikan pendidikan anaknya, lingkungan bergaul kurang tepat, hubungan siswa dengan guru kurang baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa adanya kesulitan belajar yang dialami oleh siswa yang dipengaruhi faktor-faktor kesulitan belajar yang meliputi dua faktor yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal.
INFLUENCE OF AL2O3 NANO ADDITIVES ON THE VISCOSITY AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF DOUBLE DISTILLED WATER
Authors: Sami Abed Samir , Sediqhi Mehdi , Diwan Abbas 
Published: April 2023

The nano fluid consist of Al2O3 nanoparticles was dissolved by double distilled water (DDW) in three concentrations, 0.5% wt, 1%wt, and 1.5%wt of nanomaterials. The effect of adding nano materials on the viscosity and thermal conductivity was calculated experimentally at room temperature. Some mathematical models were used to calculate the viscosity and the thermal conductivity and compare it with the experimental work. The results showed that viscosity and thermal conductivity increased with increasing concentration of Al2O3 nanoparticles, and there is a great convergence between the theoretical and measured viscosity and thermal conductivity. The SEM images showed that there is homogeneity in the distribution of the nano fluid at 1%wt., and some agglomerations were detected at a concentration 1.5%. The EDS spectrum showed that the percentage of aluminum increased gradually with increasing the Al2O3 concentration. The X-Ray diffraction indicated slight increase in the intensity of diffraction with increasing the Al2O3 concentration.
Thermal comfort assessment in the modern passenger car under actual operational conditions
Authors: Dębska Luiza , Krawczyk Natalia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
People’s ever-increasing needs encourage designers of various vehicles to search for solutions that will provide the most comfortable internal environment conditions. Currently, partly due to the COVID-19 threat, many people use their individual cars to travel to work, college, shops, trips, and holidays. Proper internal air parameters that need to be maintained in vehicles are critical in the summer. The article discusses the thermal comfort of four passengers of a modern car produced in 2017 to verify if contemporary production technology can successfully meet the thermal needs of people under actual conditions in the Polish climate. For this purpose, five temperature values were tested: 20°C, 22°C, 24°C, 26°C, and 28°C for the car located in the shade and sun. In addition, the Testo 400 meter was used to control and measure the internal parameters, and questionnaires were used to find out about the thermal impressions of the respondents. The research was carried out in July when the air temperature in Poland was high.
Design and optimization of the construction of a mobile disinfection chamber for small communication devices and small objects
Authors: Galík Ján , Varecha Daniel , Drbúl Mário , Madaj Rudolf , Konstantová Viera 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This manuscript aims to familiarise readers with the development of a device for the construction of a mobile disinfection chamber for small communication devices and small objects. The conceptual design and the material of the new device play essential roles in the design process of a new device. The manuscript presents concepts based primarily on previous experience and different perspectives. The concept design is created in the 3D modelling program CREO Parametric 8.0. A multi-criteria team evaluation determined the most suitable version of the idea. For dimensioning and shape adaptation of the device was used EinScan SP device (3D scanning method). The article's aim was also to establish a suitable way of producing a prototype using tribological research in available production methods and materials within rapid prototyping. Using the ALICONA Infinite Focus G5 device, experimentally investigated the parameters characterising the surface of the parts. The end of the manuscript focused on the mechanical structure and subjecting them to FEM analysis in the program ANSYS Workbench. The design of the concept disinfection device was also for extreme cases of use. Within this issue was optimising shapes, wall thicknesses, reinforcement design and other necessary modifications using the FEM analysis. From the results, the most suitable material to produce a more significant number of parts may not be the most suitable material to create prototype devices. Tools such as 3D scanning, rapid prototyping, and FEM analysis can "significantly" help reduce mistakes before testing the device.
Environmental solutions for maritime ships: challenges and needs
Authors: Gucma Michalina , Deja Agnieszka , Szymonowicz Jakub 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The manuscript focuses on the subject of environmental solutions for maritime ships. With the increasing volume of cargo transported by sea, it is crucial to minimise its environmental impact. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced new regulations in recent years to limit environmental damage. IMO’s initial strategy for reducing GHG emissions from ships aims to reduce GHG emissions from vessels by 50% by 2050 and CO2 emissions by 70% compared to 2008 (Resolution MEPC.304 (72), 2018). This has prompted ship owners to seek solutions to reduce fossil fuel consumption. The study aims to determine the feasibility of using eco-friendly solutions in maritime shipping to meet the challenges and needs of sustainable maritime fleet. Own contribution includes expert findings, which evaluate individual solutions and their potential uses in global maritime fleet. The publication also highlights the current usage of eco-friendly solutions on ships as well as crew and ship owner attitudes towards their future use and presents conceptual solutions. It should be noted that the subject-matter addressed in this paper is topical and very important in view of the limitations being introduced in respect of environmental standards.
Mathematical Modeling of Compaction Curve Using Normal Distribution Functions
Authors: Zainal Abdul Kareem Esmat 
Published: April 2023

Compaction curves are widely used in civil engineering especially for road constructions, embankments, etc. Obtaining the precise amount of Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) that gives the Maximum Dry Unit weight gdmax. is very important, where the desired soil strength can be achieved in addition to economic aspects.
In this paper, three peak functions were used to obtain the OMC and gdmax. through curve fitting for the values obtained from Standard Proctor Test. Another surface fitting was also used to model the Ohio’s compaction curves that represent the very large variation of compacted soil types.
The results showed very good correlation between the values obtained from some published sample tests and the values obtained from curve fitting for both cases of the single curve and multiple Ohio’s curves.
The easiness of obtaining OMC and gdmax. From the results of curve fitting encourage users to utilize this procedure, in addition to its accuracy.
Comprehensive evaluation of nine grape varieties based on fundamental physical and chemical indicators, color and volatile compounds
Authors: Cao Weiyu , Shu Nan , Yang Yiming , Wen Jinli , Lu Wenpeng 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: In todays’ society, the rapid development of the wine industry and the improvement of peoples’ living standards make people pay more and more attention to wine grape quality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the wine grape varieties in Northeast Chinas’ grape growing regions for better wine grape quality, we evaluated the quality of different varieties of wine grapes. METHODS: The grape varieties ‘Hassan’ ‘Zuoshaner’ ‘Beibinghong’ ‘Zuoyouhong’ ‘Beta’ ‘Shuanghong’ ‘Zijingganlu’ ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Syrah’ were planted in the grape growing area of Jilin, Northeast China, were used as the subjects of this study. The grape berries were analyzed and tested for morphological indicators, basic physicochemical indicators, color, and phenolic and aromatic composition. RESULTS: According to lab results, ‘Hassan’ contained the highest amount of total phenolics; ‘Zuoyouhong’ had the highest solids and total sugar content; ‘Shuanghong’ had the most elevated total acid and anthocyanin content; ‘Zijngganlu’ had the highest tannin content and acid fixation ratio; Seventy-one volatile compounds were detected in nine grape varieties. CONCLUSIONS: Each of the nine grape varieties has a distinctive flavor, and because of this, grape processing products with regional flavors can be created. The same offer valuable data for future scientific grape resource collection, conservation, and exploitation.
Hybrid RSM-GA approach to optimize extraction conditions for blueberry anthocyanins with high antioxidant activity
Authors: Fang Xiangjun , Wu Weijie , Mu Honglei , Chen Hangjun , Zheng Xiaolin , Gao Haiyan 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Blueberry contains an abundance of anthocyanins, which are a bioactive component of this fruit. Anthocyanins can be extracted via various methods, and each has pros and cons. OBJECTIVE: This current study reported the optimal conditions for the ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of blueberry anthocyanins simulated using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with a genetic algorithm (GA). METHODS: The Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used for the RSM, and the extraction conditions were as follows: temperature, 42°C; ultrasonic power, 310 W; enzyme volume, 0.25%; and extraction time, 42 min. RESULTS: The maximum predicted extraction yield was 6.67 mg/g. The antioxidant activity of anthocyanins extracted via RSM and GA was based on the hydroxyl free radical activity and supersonic anion free radical activity of 230.50±12.76μg/ml and 4.41±0.36μg/ml, respectively. Anthocyanins exracted by the proposed method has stronger free radical removal capacity than that of Vc. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the combination of RSM with GA represents an optimized method for extracting blueberry anthocyanins for use in the food industry. This method can maintain high antioxidant potential and can be used as an alternative strategy for high-value products.
POLICY OF SOCIAL SECURITY OF COMBATANTS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors: Khaliava Vladislav 
Published: April 2023

The article examines foreign models for the formation and implementation of the social security policy for combatants. In the article, based on the analysis of foreign experience, the task of preparing recommendations for improving the domestic state social veteran policy was solved. In the course of the study, a comparative method was used, as well as structural-functional, methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, modeling, and others. The article illustrates the features of social policy in relation to combatants in countries such as Croatia, South Korea, the United States and Israel, representing veteran social policy in different regions of the planet.
Foreign experience in the formation and implementation of the social security policy for combatants indicates a variety of models - from the creation of a separate central executive authority - to the functioning of individual units within the defense or social ministries. A joint characteristic of foreign models of veterans' social policy should be recognized as the involvement of local authorities in the implementation of meeting the social needs of combatants on the ground and the widespread introduction of public-private partnership mechanisms. We recognize as excellent characteristics the involvement of the resource potential of the state and the private sector – from concessional lending to activate veteran businesses and social adaptation – to direct financial social payments, which depends on the level of economic development of the state and the focus of social attention on this particular category of the population. This approach provided an opportunity to formulate evidence-based recommendations for improving the national veterans' social policy in two directions: 1) strengthening the institutional capacity of the central executive authority (Ministry of Veterans Affairs of Ukraine) and 2) developing a policy of local communities on social security and stimulating entrepreneurial activity of combatants actions in the prospects of research on this issue, attention is paid to the legislative support of the above-mentioned areas.
REGIONAL MODEL OF TERRITORIAL PLANNING: INFLUENCE OF FACTORS OF MILITARY AGGRESSION AND POST-WAR PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Zavalnyi Oleksandr , Nyzhnyk Oleksandr , Vishnevsky Denis 
Published: April 2023

The processes of decentralization of power in Ukraine contributed to changes in the urban planning system. The transfer of part of the management powers from central authorities to territorial communities determined the special attention of local aspects of development in the formation and implementation of strategic areas of territorial planning. The article examines certain aspects of regulatory support for the development and implementation of strategic plans at the level of territorial communities. The change in the population's requests for the formation of strategic guidelines for development has a socio-political and socio-economic basis. The article determined that after the start of full-scale military aggression, the development processes of territorial communities slowed down significantly, and in the territories where active hostilities are taking place, they stopped altogether. Large-scale destruction and damage to real estate, infrastructure, material and technical support of communal services, cultural-historical and architectural heritage, destruction of networks and highways as a result of military aggression will require the formation of new approaches to ensuring territorial planning processes. The article defines that the priority will be the need to restore the territories to create conditions for the peaceful life of the population. New challenges will need to be taken into account in the territorial planning system. Opportunities to update Soviet and post-Soviet planning systems and bring them in line with European standards is one of the key tasks of post-war reconstruction, which is analyzed in the study.
Cultural Policy of Ukraine and the European Union: Conformity of the Contents and Implementation Perspectives
Authors: Shostak Viktor 
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyse the peculiarities of domestic cultural policy in the conditions of European integration. The methodology of the research includes the scientific and theoretical approach to the study of cultural policy and the method of analysis and synthesis. The historical-comparative method made it possible to identify the distinctive features of the legislation of Ukraine and the EU regarding the regulation of relations in the socio-cultural sphere. Methods of observation, information gathering, descriptive and generalisation methods allowed us to find out the level of compliance between the cultural strategies in Ukraine with the cultural practices of the European countries. The scientific novelty. For the first time culture and its practical implementation is considered as a tool for the formation and implementation of value-meaning needs of a person, citizen, and an ethnic group, as a carrier of retrospective symbols, images, and stylistic catalysts. Conclusions. Generated and coordinated by the European Commission and the Council of Europe Work Plans for Culture initiative should be considered a stylistically semantic initiative that takes into account global, state, and strategic-political changes in the EU cultural sector. The cultural diversity of the EU member states is ensured by maintaining the priority of national cultural component of an individual state on the basis of strategy making, proportionality, subsidiarity, and continuous cooperation. Nowadays, the normative provision of culture as a tool for the implementation of value-orientational needs of a person acquires relevance for the state-building processes of the Europeanisation of Ukraine. Such a strategy indicates the connection between a citizen of Ukraine, the culture of the state and the national ethnic group that is the carrier of defining and formative symbols, images, and worldview values.
Key words: cultural policy, EU experience, cultural front, image and development qualification, culturalogical policy.
Misi melalui Pelayanan Holistik dalam Pendidikan Kristiani
Authors: Wasari Desi , Anjaya Carolina Etnasari , Arifianto Yonatan Alex 
Published: April 2023

This study describes the importance of missionological learning strategies and holistic ministry in Christian Religious Education. Learning strategies in missionology-based Christian Religious Education to learners are very effective in strengthening the foundation of children's faith from an early age on the importance of carrying out the Great commission to preach the gospel. Coupled with holistic service learning strategies can help students quickly to implement missionology learning in schools and the community. Therefore, through this study, the author conveys that considering the importance of missionology learning strategies and holistic ministry in Christian Religious Education can equip and instill mission values with holistic service in students from an early age. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with a literature study approach, so it can be concluded that the indicators of missionology learning strategies and holistic ministry in Christian Religious Education stated in this study can help readers understand the importance of missionary learning strategies and holistic ministry in Christian Religious Education. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada para pendidik Kristen tentang pentingnya pendidikan misi melalui pelayanan holistik kepada peserta didik sejak dini melalui Pendidikan Kristen. Strategi pembelajaran dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang berbasis misi kepada peserta didik sangat efektif untuk memperkuat fondasi iman anak-anak sejak dini tentang pentingnya pelayanan yang holistik tanpa harus dibatasi atau mengesampingkan yang lain. Strategi pembelajaran pelayanan holistik juga dapat membantu peserta didik dengan mudah untuk mengimplementasikan misi di sekolah maupun di lingkungan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, melalui penelitian ini penulis menyampaikan bahwa misi melalui pelayanan holistik sangat penting dalam Pendidikan Kristen, karena dapat membekali dan menanamkan nilai-nilai misi dengan pelayanan holistik dalam diri peserta didik sejak dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskritif dengan pendekatan studi literatur dan memberikan kesimpulan mengenai indikator-indikator sebagai faktor yang menentukan pentingnya strategi pembelajaran misi melalui pelayanan holistik dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen.
LEJEUNEACEAE (SUBFAMILY: LEJEUNEOIDEAE) OF MOUNT SIBUATAN, NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA
Authors: Susilo Ferdinand , Pasaribu Nursahara , Syamsuardi Syamsuardi , Sartina Siregar Etti 
Published: April 2023

Lejeuneaceae (Subfamily: Lejeuneoideae) of Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Information on the local diversity of the subfamily Lejeuneoideae in North Sumatra, Indonesia, is still less reported, especially in Mount Sibuatan. This study aimed to collect, explore and describe the morphological characters and obtain the diversity of the subfamily Lejeuneoideae in the Mount Sibuatan forest area, North Sumatra. Nineteen species of this subfamily are reported, comprising eight genera: Cheilolejeunea, Cololejeunea, Colura, Diplasiolejeunea, Drepanolejeunea, Lejeunea, Metalejeunea, and Pycnolejeunea.. One species, namely Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla, is reported as new record for Sumatra. Identification key to species and pictures of species newly recorded is provided.
Fabrication and optimization of 3D printed gelatin methacryloyl microneedle arrays based on vat photopolymerization
Authors: Baykara Dilruba , Bedir Tuba , Ilhan Elif , Mutlu Mehmet Eren , Gunduz Oguzhan , Narayan Roger , Ustundag Cem Bulent 
Published: April 2023

Microneedles (MNs) are micrometer-sized arrays that can penetrate the skin in a minimally invasive manner; these devices offer tremendous potential for the transdermal delivery of therapeutic molecules. Although there are many conventional techniques for manufacturing MNs, most of them are complicated and can only fabricate MNs with specific geometries, which restricts the ability to adjust the performance of the MNs. Herein, we present the fabrication of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) MN arrays using the vat photopolymerization 3D printing technique. This technique allows for the fabrication of high-resolution and smooth surface MNs with desired geometries. The existence of methacryloyl groups bonded to the GelMA was verified by 1H NMR and FTIR analysis. To examine the effects of varying needle heights (1000, 750, and 500 µm) and exposure times (30, 50, and 70 s) on GelMA MNs, the height, tip radius, and angle of the needles were measured; their morphological and mechanical properties were also characterized. It was observed that as the exposure time increased, the height of the MNs increased; moreover, sharper tips were obtained and tip angles decreased. In addition, GelMA MNs exhibited good mechanical performance with no breakage up to 0.3 mm displacement. These results indicate that 3D printed GelMA MNs have great potential for transdermal delivery of various therapeutics.