bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serotypes, virulence factors and multilocus sequence typing of Glaesserella parasuis from diseased pigs in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Ching-Fen , Hsu Chia-Yu , Chou Chi-Chung , Wang Chao-Min , Huang Szu-Wei , Kuo Hung-Chih 
Published: September 2023

Background
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) belongs to the normal microbiota of the upper respiratory tract in the swine, but virulent strains can cause systemic infections commonly known as Glässer’s disease that leads to significant economic loss in the swine industry. Fifteen serotypes of G. parasuis have been classified by gel immunodiffusion test while the molecular serotyping based on variation within the capsule loci have further improved the serotype determination of unidentified field strains. Serovar has been commonly used as an indicator of virulence; however, virulence can be significantly differ in the field isolates with the same serotype. To date, investigations of G. parasuis isolated in Taiwan regarding antimicrobial resistance, serotypes, genotypes and virulence factors remain unclear.

Methods
A total of 276 G.parasuis field isolates were collected from 263 diseased pigs at the Animal Disease Diagnostic Center of National Chiayi University in Taiwan from January 2013 to July 2021. Putative virulence factors and serotypes of the isolates were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by microbroth dilution assay. Additionally, the epidemiology of G. parasuis was characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

Results
Serotype 4 (33.3%) and 5 (21.4%) were the most prevalent, followed by nontypable isolates (15.9%), serotype 13 (9.4%), 12 (6.5%), 14 (6.2%), 7 (3.3%), 1 (1.8%), 9 (1.1%), 11 (0.7%) and 6 (0.4%). Nine out of 10 putative virulence factors showed high positive rates, including group 1 vtaA (100%), fhuA (80.4%), hhdA (98.6%), hhdB (96.0%), sclB7 (99.6%), sclB11 (94.9%), nhaC (98.2%), HAPS_0254 (85.9%), and cirA (99.3%). According to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, ceftiofur and florfenicol were highly susceptible (>90%). Notably, 68.8% isolates showed multidrug resistance. MLST revealed 16 new alleles and 67 new sequence types (STs). STs of these isolated G. parasuis strains were classified into three clonal complexes and 45 singletons by Based Upon Related Sequence Types (BURST) analysis. All the G. parasuis strains in PubMLST database, including strains from the diseased pigs in the study, were defined into two main clusters by Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). Most isolates in this study and virulent isolates from the database were mainly located in cluster 2, while cluster 1 included a high percentage of nasal isolates from asymptomatic carriers. In conclusion, this study provides current prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of G. parasuis in Taiwan, which can be used in clinical diagnosis and treatment of Glässer’s disease.
clrDV: a differential variability test for RNA-Seq data based on the skew-normal distribution
Authors: Li Hongxiang , Khang Tsung Fei 
Published: September 2023

Background
Pathological conditions may result in certain genes having expression variance that differs markedly from that of the control. Finding such genes from gene expression data can provide invaluable candidates for therapeutic intervention. Under the dominant paradigm for modeling RNA-Seq gene counts using the negative binomial model, tests of differential variability are challenging to develop, owing to dependence of the variance on the mean.

Methods
Here, we describe clrDV, a statistical method for detecting genes that show differential variability between two populations. We present the skew-normal distribution for modeling gene-wise null distribution of centered log-ratio transformation of compositional RNA-seq data.

Results
Simulation results show that clrDV has false discovery rate and probability of Type II error that are on par with or superior to existing methodologies. In addition, its run time is faster than its closest competitors, and remains relatively constant for increasing sample size per group. Analysis of a large neurodegenerative disease RNA-Seq dataset using clrDV successfully recovers multiple gene candidates that have been reported to be associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
Estado do conhecimento: o ensino híbrido no contexto da educação superior
Authors: De Almeida Edson Rodrigo , Vieira Vania Maria de Oliveira 
Published: September 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa denominada “Estado do Conhecimento” sobre a temática “Ensino Híbrido”. Objetiva encontrar subsídios teóricos para um novo estudo, no sentido de não só compreender melhor a temática, como também buscar auxílio para decisões metodológicas de uma pesquisa maior. As buscas foram realizadas nas plataformas BDTD e Google Scholar, a partir do termo indutor “Ensino Híbrido”. Após a utilização de alguns filtros, dentre eles o recorte temporal entre 2015 e 2020, foram encontradas 415 produções e destas foram selecionadas 21 para compor o corpus do “Estado do Conhecimento”. Os resultados mostram que a maioria das pesquisas associa o ensino híbrido à formação de professores, considerando o desenvolvimento de habilidades ligadas às tecnologias de informação. Assim, tanto a formação de professores quanto as habilidades para lidar com as tecnologias passam a ser questões norteadoras para a pesquisa maior.
Barriers to Care Among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals With Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases in the US
Authors: Nock Michael R. , Kamal Kanika , Zampella John G. , Roberson Mya L. , Cohen Jeffrey M. , Barbieri John S. 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceResearch on the prevalence of barriers to care among sexual and gender minority (SGM) patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases (CISDs) in the US is limited.ObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of cost and noncost barriers to care among SGM and non-SGM patients with CISDs and to analyze the prevalence of barriers based on SGM status and race and ethnicity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cross-sectional study of health care access and utilization survey data collected by the National Institutes of Health’s All of Us Research Program between May 31, 2017, and July 1, 2022, was conducted. Participants were adults aged 18 years or older with CISDs who enrolled in All of Us directly online or through partner health care practitioner organizations located across the US.ExposuresChronic inflammatory skin diseases, sexual orientation and gender identity, and race and ethnicity.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe main outcome was the experience of cost and noncost barriers to health care among SGM patients with CISDs. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of SGM status with experiencing barriers to care.ResultsThis study included 19 743 patients with CISDs; 1877 were SGM patients (median age, 40.5 years [IQR, 28.7-57.9 years]; 1205 [64.2%] assigned female sex at birth) and 17 866 were non-SGM patients (median age, 57.1 years [IQR, 40.8-68.1 years]; 13 205 [73.9%] assigned female sex at birth). Compared with non-SGM patients, SGM patients with CISDs were significantly more likely to delay specialist care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.03-1.47), mental health care (AOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.37-1.91), and filling a prescription (AOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.11-1.52) because of cost. In addition, SGM patients with CISDs were significantly more likely than non-SGM patients to delay care because of transportation issues (AOR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.22-1.80) and not having a health care practitioner who shares the same background with regard to race and ethnicity, religion, native language, sexual orientation, and gender identity (AOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.19-1.62). Sexual and gender minority patients with CISDs were also significantly more likely than non-SGM patients to report not always being treated with respect by their health care practitioners (AOR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.30-1.65).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cross-sectional study of survey data suggest that SGM patients with CISDs may be disproportionately affected by cost and noncost barriers to health care. Dermatologists and other health care practitioners caring for SGM patients with CISDs have an important role in helping to address these barriers and larger systemic issues for SGM patients at both the patient and system levels.
Multi‐narrow type obstacle avoidance algorithm for UAV swarm based on game theory
Authors: Lin Ye , Na Zhenyu , Liu Jialiang , Lin Yun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA Flocking obstacle avoidance algorithm based on the extensive game with perfect information is proposed for the blockage problem of UAV swarm in front of multi‐narrow type obstacles. The two UAVs closest to the target are selected as participants of the game, and the game tree is defined to determine the combination of the motion strategies of the two UAVs to obtain the payoff matrix. Determine the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium to get the optimal strategy, and give the UAVs different motion states respectively so as to ensure that the UAVs can successfully pass multi‐narrow type obstacles. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has a higher over‐hole rate in the case of the multi‐narrow type obstacle compared to the static game‐based Flocking obstacle avoidance algorithm.
Brain‐Targeted Liposomes Loaded with Monoclonal Antibodies Reduce Alpha‐Synuclein Aggregation and Improve Behavioral Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Sela Mor , Poley Maria , Mora‐Raimundo Patricia , Kagan Shaked , Avital Aviram , Kaduri Maya , Chen Gal , Adir Omer , Rozencweig Adi , Weiss Yfat , Sade Ofir , Leichtmann‐Bardoogo Yael , Simchi Lilach , Aga‐Mizrachi Shlomit , Bell Batia , Yeretz‐Peretz Yoel , Or Aviv Zaid , Choudhary Ashwani , Rosh Idan , Cordeiro Diogo , Cohen‐Adiv Stav , Berdichevsky Yevgeny , Odeh Anas , Shklover Jeny , Shainsky‐Roitman Janna , Schroeder Joshua E. , Hershkovitz Dov , Hasson Peleg , Ashkenazi Avraham , Stern Shani , Laviv Tal , Ben‐Zvi Ayal , Avital Avi , Ashery Uri , Maoz Ben M. , Schroeder Avi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) hold promise in treating Parkinson's disease (PD), although poor delivery to the brain hinders their therapeutic application. In the current study, it is demonstrated that brain‐targeted liposomes (BTL) enhance the delivery of mAbs across the blood‐brain‐barrier (BBB) and into neurons, thereby allowing the intracellular and extracellular treatment of the PD brain. BTL are decorated with transferrin to improve brain targeting through overexpressed transferrin‐receptors on the BBB during PD. BTL are loaded with SynO4, a mAb that inhibits alpha‐synuclein (AS) aggregation, a pathological hallmark of PD. It is shown that 100‐nm BTL cross human BBB models intact and are taken up by primary neurons. Within neurons, SynO4 is released from the nanoparticles and bound to its target, thereby reducing AS aggregation, and enhancing neuronal viability. In vivo, intravenous BTL administration results in a sevenfold increase in mAbs in brain cells, decreasing AS aggregation and neuroinflammation. Treatment with BTL also improve behavioral motor function and learning ability in mice, with a favorable safety profile. Accordingly, targeted nanotechnologies offer a valuable platform for drug delivery to treat brain neurodegeneration.
Rational Design of a TADF Emitter with Steric Shielding and Multiple Resonance for Narrowband Solution‐Processed OLEDs
Authors: Peethani Nagaraju , Kwon Na Yeon , Koh Chang Woo , Park Su Hong , Ha Jung Min , Cho Min Ju , Woo Han Young , Park Sungnam , Choi Dong Hoon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMultiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) emitters exhibit enormous potential for use in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), owing to their exceptional external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) and narrowband emission spectra. However, planar MR‐TADF emitters often suffer from aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) and spectral broadening at high doping concentrations because of strong interchromophore π–π interactions. A method of sterically encapsulating the planar MR skeleton with four bulky 9‐phenyl‐fluorene (Fl) units is devised, resulting in the development of a bright bluish‐green emitter (4FlCzBN). This steric shielding effectively reduces intermolecular interactions, suppresses ACQ, and improves solubility. Consequently, by utilizing 4FlCzBN as a doping‐insensitive MR emitter, solution‐processed OLEDs are fabricated with doping concentrations of 2–16 wt.%, and they show EQEs of 10.1–10.9% with a bandwidth of 28–30 nm. Furthermore, a TADF‐sensitizer‐based device using 4FlCzBN demonstrates a significantly reduced efficiency roll‐off while achieving an EQE of 12.2%. This is a remarkable improvement that overcomes the disadvantages that are difficult to achieve in previously reported MR‐TADF OLEDs. The current work provides valuable insights into the design of efficient MR‐TADF emitters with minimized aggregation and reduced efficiency roll‐off for solution processing.
Recent Advances in Sensor–Actuator Hybrid Soft Systems: Core Advantages, Intelligent Applications, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Han Chankyu , Jeong Yongrok , Ahn Junseong , Kim Taehwan , Choi Jungrak , Ha Ji‐Hwan , Kim Hyunjin , Hwang Soon Hyoung , Jeon Sohee , Ahn Jihyeon , Hong Jin Tae , Kim Jin Joo , Jeong Jun‐Ho , Park Inkyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe growing demand for soft intelligent systems, which have the potential to be used in a variety of fields such as wearable technology and human‐robot interaction systems, has spurred the development of advanced soft transducers. Among soft systems, sensor–actuator hybrid systems are considered the most promising due to their effective and efficient performance, resulting from the synergistic and complementary interaction between their sensor and actuator components. Recent research on integrated sensor and actuator systems has resulted in a range of conceptual and practical soft systems. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in sensor and actuator integrated systems, which are grouped into three categories based on their primary functions: i) actuator–assisted sensors for intelligent detection, ii) sensor‐assisted actuators for intelligent movement, and iii) sensor‐actuator interactive devices for a hybrid of intelligent detection and movement. In addition, several bottlenecks in current studies are discussed, and prospective outlooks, including potential applications, are presented. This categorization and analysis will pave the way for the advancement and commercialization of sensor and actuator‐integrated systems.
EGCG‐LYS Fibrils‐Mediated CircMAP2K2 Silencing Decreases the Proliferation and Metastasis Ability of Gastric Cancer Cells in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Dong Jiaqi , Zheng Zhousan , Zhou Mi , Wang Yunfei , Chen Jiajie , Cen Junjie , Cao Tiefeng , Yang Taowei , Xu Yi , Shu Guannan , Lu Xuanxuan , Liang Yanping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAberrant expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been reported to play an important biological regulatory role in gastric cancer (GC). For the purpose of silencing cancer‐related genes, a new approach for cancer treatment using nanocarriers to deliver siRNA has been proposed. In this study, abundantly expressed circMAP2K2 (hsa_circRNA_102415) is identified in GC cells. CircMAP2K2 regulates the PCBP1/GPX1 axis through proteasome‐mediated degradation, which further mediates the activation of the AKT/GSK3β/epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway and enhances the proliferation and metastatic ability of GC cells. To establish novel GC treatment, epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate‐lysozyme (EGCG‐LYS) fibrils are synthesized, and in vitro experiments demonstrate that EGCG‐LYS has a higher siRNA delivery efficiency than Lipofectamine 2000 (lipo2000), which effectively silences the expression of circMAP2K2. Further studies show that EGCG‐LYS carrying siRNA can successfully achieve lysosome escape, which allows it to be located in the cytoplasm to achieve post‐transcriptional gene silencing. In addition, EGCG‐LYS carrying si‐circMAP2K2 has good circulating stability, excellent biosafety and antitumor ability in vivo. The EGCG‐LYS fibrils delivery system provides a new tool and approach for the treatment of GC.
Concentrated Ionic Fluids: Is There a Difference Between Chloride‐Based Brines and Deep Eutectic Solvents?
Authors: Zante Guillaume , Elgar Christopher E. , George Katherine , Abbott Andrew P. , Hartley Jennifer M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) have been lauded as novel solvents, but is there really a difference between them and concentrated aqueous brines? They provide a method of adjusting the activity of water and chloride ions which can affect mass transport, speciation and reactivity. This study proposes a continuum of properties across concentrated ionic fluids and uses metal processing as an example. Charge transport is shown to be governed by fluidity and there is no discontinuity between molar conductivity and fluidity irrespective of cation, charge density or ionic radius. Diffusion coefficients of iron(III) and copper(II) chloride in numerous concentrated ionic fluids show the same linear correlation between diffusion coefficient and fluidity. These oxidising agents were used to etch copper, silver and nickel and while the etching rate increased with fluidity for copper, etching of silver and nickel only occurred at high chloride and low water activity as passivation occurred when water activity increased. Overall, brines provide a high chloride content at a lower viscosity than DESs, but unlike DESs, brines are unable to prevent passivation due to their high water content. The results show how selective etching of mixed metal waste streams can be achieved by tuning chloride and water activity.
Production of healthier palm‐based edible oil blends and enzymatic interesterified structured lipids for cooking and trans‐free fat formulation applications
Authors: K. N. Prasanna Rani , Kaki Shiva Shanker , K Kezia Rani , B Kranthi Kumar , E Anjaneyulu , A Thirupathi , Prabhavathi Devi B. L. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPresent study aimed to prepare palm‐based blends with edible oils to obtain healthier smart blends with a desired fatty acid profile of SAFA:MUFA:PUFA ratios as established by international health authorities for potential use in cooking and trans‐free fat formulation applications. Several blends of palm olein (POo), super olein (SOo) and palm stearin (PS) with sunflower (SFO), soybean (SBO), rice bran (RBO), mustard (MO), olive (OO) and sesame (SMO) oils were prepared in different mass (wt/wt) ratios. Among the prepared blends, the 6:4 POo:SFO, 1:1/6:4 POo:SBO, 6:4 SOo:SBO and 4:6 PS:RBO/SMO blends; 2:8 POo:RBO, 6:4 SOo:SFO blends and 1:1/6:4 POo:SMO, 1:1/6:4 POo:RBO, 6:4 SOo:SMO blends were found to have the balanced fatty acid profiles closer to AHA/JMHW/WHO recommended SFA:MUFA:PUFA ratios of 1:1:1/1:1.5:1/1:1.5:0.7, respectively. In addition, the 1:1/6:4 POo:SBO and 6:4 SOo:SBO blends also fulfilled the required ω‐6/ω‐3 ratios of 9.5 and 10.5 along with balanced fatty acid profile of 1:1:1 as per the nutritional guidelines. The 6:4 POo/SOo with SFO/SBO, 1:1 SOo:SMO and 4:6 PS:RBO/SMO smart blends were further processed for enzymatic interesterification (EIE) employing Lipozyme TLIM packed in a specially designed basket type stirrer (BTS) equipped in a bioreactor at 70°C with agitation speed of 390 rpm for 9 h to obtain trans‐free interesterified (IE) structured lipids (SLs) with desired physicochemical properties. This BTS technology helped to sustain the structure and morphology of the enzyme intact, and enable to process about 9 kg of the edible oil blends for IE with excellent recyclability and stability for 81 active hours.
The non‐ionizing electromagnetic stimulation enhanced antibody production (NESEAP) effect – Discovery and technological applications
Authors: Barbora Ayan , Rahamim Shmuel , Bohnick Maya , Firer Michael A. , Yahalom Asher 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe rise of biological therapeutics in the global pharmaceuticals market has escalated the demand for quality monoclonal antibodies for healthcare and scientific applications. Reducing costs while enhancing production yields without compromising quality are the main challenges to the growth of this industry today. Over the last two decades non‐ionizing radiation has been demonstrated to elicit targeted biological responses in a frequency and dose dependent manner. We hypothesize and design a millimeter wave radiation procedure to enhance the yields of antibody‐producing hybridoma cell lines. We demonstrate this method enhances the production of IgA and IgG antibodies from MOPC315.BM and U13.6 cells by a factor of 24.05 ± 3.32 and 1.41 ± 0.03 respectively relative to untreated cells. No treatment associated cytotoxicity was observed in either cell line corroborating physiological viability of irradiated cells. Our results demonstrate proof‐of‐concept of a novel technique to significantly enhance antibody yields from hybridoma cells which could lead to a reduction in antibody production costs. Further studies will focus on scaling up of this technology and employment of non‐contact, tuned electromagnetic stimulation of biological systems for targeted responses.
The quality evaluation system of a famous traditional Chinese medicine Huaganjian decoction was established
Authors: Yu Wentao , Luo Man , Wu Huan , Li Junmao , Yang Shilin , Zhang Wugang , Yao Min , Feng Yunlin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHuaganjian decoction (HGJD) has been widely used clinically to treat liver injuries and gastritis. However, the quality evaluation system for HGJD is not perfect. In this study, paeoniflorin, hesperidin, geniposide, naringin, and quercetin were employed as quality markers. The quantitative analysis of these five components in HGJD was conducted using a high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method. This method underwent validation for linearity, precision, accuracy, repeatability, and recovery. In summary, a reliable quantitative method was successfully employed to establish a comprehensive quality evaluation of HGJD.
How We Create Meaning: Introduction
Authors: Creekmore Laura S. 
Published: September 2023

EDITOR'S SUMMARYThe Bulletin's special section on information architecture explores three noteworthy aspects of creating meaning and designing information. Kate Garklavs explains voice and tone in writing, discussing how consistently conveying personality and values can enhance the user experience in information architecture. Victor Yocco and Ashley Pulli explore social math as a method to inform through a visual story, making complex data understandable, meaningful and compelling. Dan Klyn analyzes two disparate works to demonstrate how internal comparison can shed light on the evolution and information architecture of a piece. The articles of the special section offer intriguing new insights into information architecture.