bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics and steady state of squirmer motion in liquid crystal
Authors: Berlyand Leonid , Chi Hai , Potomkin Mykhailo , Yip Nung Kwan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe analyse a nonlinear partial differential equation system describing the motion of a microswimmer in a nematic liquid crystal environment. For the microswimmer’s motility, the squirmer model is used in which self-propulsion enters the model through the slip velocity on the microswimmer’s surface. The liquid crystal is described using the well-established Beris–Edwards formulation. In previous computational studies, it was shown that the squirmer, regardless of its initial configuration, eventually orients itself either parallel or perpendicular to the preferred orientation dictated by the liquid crystal. Furthermore, the corresponding solution of the coupled nonlinear system converges to a steady state. In this work, we rigorously establish the existence of steady state and also the finite-time existence for the time-dependent problem in a periodic domain. Finally, we will use a two-scale asymptotic expansion to derive a homogenised model for the collective swimming of squirmers as they reach their steady-state orientation and speed.
Akbar's religious world: the two reconstructions in Mobad's Dabistān
Authors: Habib Irfan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the early 1650s in Mughal India ‘Mobad’ (Kaikhusrau Isfandyār) wrote a remarkable work, titled Dabistān, devoted to a description of the world's major religions. He adopted an avowedly objective approach that he strives to maintain throughout. An account of the religious tendencies under Akbar is offered in a long concluding chapter, dedicated to Islam. The account is given in two nearly totally different versions. In Version A, Akbar is credited with supernatural powers, with many anecdotes offered of their exercise. In Version B, all such anecdotes have been deleted and replaced by an extensive account of inter-religious debates held under Akbar, in which Christian (and Jewish) objections to Islamic traditions figure prominently. This version also seems to have been the major source of the belief current in later times that Akbar established a sect of his own under the designation of dīn-i ilāhī. In both versions the section on Akbar closes with the insightful observation that Akbar's policy of forming a nobility composed of diverse racial and religious elements was designed to protect the monarchy from any possibility of a unified aristocratic opposition.
Negative income tax and universal basic income in the eyes of Aiyagari
Authors: Chang Yongsung , Han Jong-Suk , Kim Sun-Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe compare two welfare programs: the universal basic income (UBI) and negative income tax (NIT). Under a linear income tax system, we show that (i) the NIT can replicate the allocation of the UBI exactly by providing an identical marginal effective tax schedule, and (ii) the budget of the NIT is always smaller than that of the UBI. According to our quantitative model, which is calibrated to approximate the income and wealth distributions in the United States, the optimal UBI is to pay everyone 7.2% of the average income. We also show that the NIT can achieve a similar average welfare with a much smaller budget (2.3% of the GDP) by providing a subsidy that is generous to the very poor and quickly phases out as income increases.
Grasp and Release Test for Tetraplegic Hand Assessment: an update of the Grasp and Release Test
Authors: Dunn Jennifer A. , Wangdell Johanna , Bryden Anne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Grasp and Release Test (GRT) was originally developed to measure effectiveness of an implanted neuroprosthesis in people with tetraplegia. Its ease of use and lack of floor and ceiling effects culminated in recommendations for inclusion in a battery of tests to measure outcome following upper limb reconstructive surgery. However, the length of time taken to administer the GRT in a clinical setting, lack of instructions of accepted grasp patterns in the upper limb reconstructive surgery population and scoring procedures lead to differences in reporting outcomes using this measure. In order to ensure clinical utility for the upper limb reconstructive surgery population, revisions of the original test instructions have been made and are reported in this article. Further testing of the psychometric properties of the new measure are currently underway.
Satellite record reveals 1960s acceleration of Totten Ice Shelf in East Antarctica
Authors: Li Rongxing , Cheng Yuan , Chang Tian , Gwyther David E. , Forbes Martin , An Lu , Xia Menglian , Yuan Xiaohan , Qiao Gang , Tong Xiaohua , Ye Wenkai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWilkes Land and Totten Glacier (TG) in East Antarctica (EA) have been losing ice mass significantly since 1989. There is a lack of knowledge of long-term mass balance in the region which hinders the estimation of its contribution to global sea level rise. Here we show that this acceleration trend in TG has occurred since the 1960s. We reconstruct ice flow velocity fields of 1963–1989 in TG from the first-generation satellite images of ARGON and Landsat-1&4, and build a five decade-long record of ice dynamics. We find a persistent long-term ice discharge rate of 68 ± 1 Gt/y and an acceleration of 0.17 ± 0.02 Gt/y2 from 1963 to 2018, making TG the greatest contributor to global sea level rise in EA. We attribute the long-term acceleration near grounding line from 1963 to 2018 to basal melting likely induced by warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water. The speed up in shelf front during 1973–1989 was caused by a large calving front retreat. As the current trend continues, intensified monitoring in the TG region is recommended in the next decades.
Engineered MED12 mutations drive leiomyoma-like transcriptional and metabolic programs by altering the 3D genome compartmentalization
Authors: Buyukcelebi Kadir , Chen Xintong , Abdula Fatih , Elkafas Hoda , Duval Alexander James , Ozturk Harun , Seker-Polat Fidan , Jin Qiushi , Yin Ping , Feng Yue , Bulun Serdar E. , Wei Jian Jun , Yue Feng , Adli Mazhar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNearly 70% of Uterine fibroid (UF) tumors are driven by recurrentMED12hotspot mutations. Unfortunately, no cellular models could be generated because the mutant cells have lower fitness in 2D culture conditions. To address this, we employ CRISPR to precisely engineer MED12 Gly44 mutations in UF-relevant myometrial smooth muscle cells. The engineered mutant cells recapitulate several UF-like cellular, transcriptional, and metabolic alterations, including altered Tryptophan/kynurenine metabolism. The aberrant gene expression program in the mutant cells is, in part, driven by a substantial 3D genome compartmentalization switch. At the cellular level, the mutant cells gain enhanced proliferation rates in 3D spheres and form larger lesions in vivo with elevated production of collagen and extracellular matrix deposition. These findings indicate that the engineered cellular model faithfully models key features of UF tumors and provides a platform for the broader scientific community to characterize genomics of recurrent MED12 mutations.
Rotation related systematic effects in a cold atom interferometer onboard a Nadir pointing satellite
Authors: Beaufils Quentin , Lefebve Julien , Baptista Joel Gomes , Piccon Raphaël , Cambier Valentin , Sidorenkov Leonid A. , Fallet Christine , Lévèque Thomas , Merlet Sébastien , Pereira Dos Santos Franck 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the effects of rotations on a cold atom accelerometer onboard a Nadir pointing satellite. A simulation of the satellite attitude combined with a calculation of the phase of the cold atom interferometer allow us to evaluate the noise and bias induced by rotations. In particular, we evaluate the effects associated to the active compensation of the rotation due to Nadir pointing. This study was realized in the context of the preliminary study phase of the CARIOQA Quantum Pathfinder Mission.
Regular rhythmic primes improve sentence repetition in children with developmental language disorder
Authors: Fiveash Anna , Ladányi Enikő , Camici Julie , Chidiac Karen , Bush Catherine T. , Canette Laure-Hélène , Bedoin Nathalie , Gordon Reyna L. , Tillmann Barbara 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently reported links between rhythm and grammar processing have opened new perspectives for using rhythm in clinical interventions for children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Previous research using the rhythmic priming paradigm has shown improved performance on language tasks after regular rhythmic primes compared to control conditions. However, this research has been limited to effects of rhythmic priming on grammaticality judgments. The current study investigated whether regular rhythmic primes could also benefit sentence repetition, a task requiring proficiency in complex syntax—an area of difficultly for children with DLD. Regular rhythmic primes improved sentence repetition performance compared to irregular rhythmic primes in children with DLD and with typical development—an effect that did not occur with a non-linguistic control task. These findings suggest processing overlap for musical rhythm and linguistic syntax, with implications for the use of rhythmic stimulation for treatment of children with DLD in clinical research and practice.
A soil database from Queretaro, Mexico for assessment of crop and irrigation water requirements
Authors: Morales-Durán Nami , Fuentes Sebastián , Chávez Carlos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have assessed crop water requirements based on soil properties, but these have been on a small scale or on soils with similar textures. Here, a data base of soil measurements in the field and laboratory from sites across Irrigation District 023, San Juan del Rio, Queretaro, Mexico was sampled, collected, analyzed, and integrated. The data base, named, NaneSoil, contains information on 900 samples obtained from irrigated plots. NaneSoil cover 10 of the 12 textural classes with the following information: sand, silt, clay contents, bulk density, saturated volumetric water content, field capacity, permanent wilting point and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The aim of this work is to provide the scientific community with sufficient information to perform a large number of analyses, for example, development of pedotransfer functions, calculation of water requirements of plants in soils with similar characteristics, modeling of infiltration, optimal irrigation discharge calculation, among others. The dataset also promotes the scientific community to contribute their own measurements to further strengthen the knowledge of flow in the porous medium.
Effectiveness of bowel preparation innovative technology instructions (BPITIs) on clinical outcomes among patients undergoing colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wonggom Parichat , Rattanakanokchai Siwanon , Suebkinorn Orathai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo evaluate the effectiveness of bowel preparation innovative technology instructions (BPITIs) among patients undergoing colonoscopy. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster-RCTs from inception to February 28, 2022. The Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool and GRADE were used to assess RoB and certainty of evidence, respectively. Meta-analyses with random-effects model were used for analysis. This review included 47 RCTs (84 records). Seven BPITIs were found among included studies: (1) mobile apps, (2) VDO stream from personal devices, (3) VDO stream from a hospital device, (4) SMS re-education, (5) telephone re-education, (6) computer-based education, and (7) web-based education. The findings demonstrate that BPITIs have a slight impact on adherence to overall instructions (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.13–1.28; moderate-certainty evidence), adequate bowel preparation (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.07–1.13; low-certainty evidence), and quality of bowel preparation score (SMD 0.42, 95% CI 0.33–0.52; low-certainty evidence) compared to routine care. BPITIs may enhance the clinical outcomes. Due to the low-certainty evidence and heterogeneity of the included studies, the findings should be interpreted cautiously. Well-designed and reported RCTs are required to confirm the findings.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021217846.
A quantum computing approach for minimum loss problems in electrical distribution networks
Authors: Silva Filipe F. C. , Carvalho Pedro M. S. , Ferreira Luís A. F. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an application of a novel quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) formulation to the minimum loss problem in distribution networks. The proposed QUBO formulation was conceived to be employed in quantum annealing—a quantum computing paradigm useful for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Quantum annealing is expected to provide better and/or faster solutions to optimization problems when compared to the ones provided by classical computers. With the problem at stake, better solutions result in lower energy losses, and faster solutions contribute to the same outcome given the future need for frequent reconfiguration of distribution networks to accommodate highly volatile demand, as anticipated by recent low-carbon solutions. The paper presents the results obtained through a hybrid quantum-classical solver for a standard 33-node test network and compares them with the ones obtained from classical solvers. Our main conclusion is that quantum annealing has potential to show advantage in the near future in terms of solution quality and time-to-solution, as quantum annealers and hybrid solvers continue to improve their performance.
Classifying interpersonal synchronization states using a data-driven approach: implications for social interaction understanding
Authors: Yozevitch Roi , Dahan Anat , Seada Talia , Appel Daniel , Gvirts Hila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study presents a data-driven approach to identifying interpersonal motor synchrony states by analyzing hand movements captured from a 3D depth camera. Utilizing a single frame from the experiment, an XGBoost machine learning model was employed to differentiate between spontaneous and intentional synchrony modes with nearly $$90\%$$

90
%

accuracy. Our findings demonstrate a consistent pattern across subjects, revealing that movement velocity tends to be slower in synchrony modes. These insights support the notion that the relationship between velocity and synchrony is influenced by the cognitive load required for the task, with slower movements leading to higher synchrony in tasks demanding higher cognitive load. This work not only contributes to the limited literature on algorithms for identifying interpersonal synchrony but also has potential implications for developing new metrics to assess real-time human social interactions, understanding social interaction, and diagnosing and developing treatment strategies for social deficits associated with conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Radon progeny measurements in a ventilated filter system to study respiratory-supported exposure
Authors: Papenfuß Franziska , Maier Andreas , Sternkopf Sonja , Fournier Claudia , Kraft Gerhard , Friedrich Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRadon (222Rn) and its progeny are responsible for half of the annual dose from natural radiation and the most frequent cause for lung cancer induction after smoking. During inhalation, progeny nuclides accumulate in the respiratory tract while most of the radon gas is exhaled. The decay of progeny nuclides in the lung together with the high radiosensitivity of this tissue lead to equivalent doses implying a significant cancer risk. Here, we use gamma spectroscopy to measure the attachment of radon progeny on an air-ventilated filter system within a radon enriched atmosphere, mimicking the respiratory tract. A mathematical model was developed to describe the measured time-dependent activities of radon progeny on the filter system. We verified a linear relation between the ambient radon activity concentration during exposure and the amount of decay products on the filter system. The measured activities on the filters and its mathematical description are in good agreement. The developed experimental set-up can thus serve to further investigate the deposition of radon progeny in the respiratory tract under varying conditions for determination of dose conversion factors in radiation protection, which we demonstrate by deriving dose estimations in mouse lung.
Pharmacological blockade of cannabinoid receptor 2 signaling does not affect LPS/IFN-γ-induced microglial activation
Authors: Olabiyi Bolanle Fatimat , Schmoele Anne-Caroline , Beins Eva Carolina , Zimmer Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) signaling modulates microglial responses to inflammatory stimuli. Our previous studies demonstrated that genetic deletion of CB2 inhibits microglial activation during inflammatory stimulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) or in neurodegenerative conditions. However, we cannot exclude developmental effects of the constitutive CB2 knockout (CB2−/−), which could mediate compensatory outcomes in CB2−/− mice. In the present study, we therefore tested whether acute pharmacological inhibition of CB2 receptor has a similar effect on microglial activation as in CB2−/− in response to inflammatory stimulation. Our findings suggest that the CB2-specific antagonist SR144528 has little or no effect on LPS/IFN-γ-induced activation in primary microglia or organotypic hippocampal slice cultures at nanomolar concentrations. We show that SR144528 did not alter LPS/IFN-γ-mediated microglial cytokine secretion, Iba1 and CD68 staining intensity or morphology at 1 and 10 nM. Although SR144528 suppressed LPS/IFN-γ-induced microglial activation at 1 µM, this anti-inflammatory effect was not dependent on CB2 receptors and exceeded the Ki on CB2 receptors by more than a thousand-fold. Thus, SR144528 does not mimic the anti-inflammatory effects observed in the CB2−/− microglia after LPS/IFN-γ stimulation. Therefore, we propose that the deletion of CB2 probably triggered an adaptive mechanism, making microglia less responsive to inflammatory stimulation.
A multi-strategy improved tree–seed algorithm for numerical optimization and engineering optimization problems
Authors: Liu Jingsen , Hou Yanlin , Li Yu , Zhou Huan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTree–seed algorithm is a stochastic search algorithm with superior performance suitable for solving continuous optimization problems. However, it is also prone to fall into local optimum and slow in convergence. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved tree–seed algorithm based on pattern search, dimension permutation, and elimination update mechanism (PDSTSA). Firstly, a global optimization strategy based on pattern search is used to promote detection ability. Secondly, in order to maintain the diversity of the population, a random mutation strategy of individual dimension replacement is introduced. Finally, the elimination and update mechanism based on inferior trees is introduced in the middle and later stages of the iteration. Subsequently, PDSTSA is compared with seven representative algorithms on the IEEE CEC2015 test function for simulation experiments and convergence curve analysis. The experimental results indicate that PDSTSA has better optimization accuracy and convergence speed than other comparison algorithms. Then, the Wilcoxon rank sum test demonstrates that there is a significant difference between the optimization results of PDSTSA and each comparison algorithm. In addition, the results of eight algorithms for solving engineering constrained optimization problems further prove the feasibility, practicability, and superiority of PDSTSA.
Operando ESR observation in thermally activated delayed fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yumoto Shintaro , Katsumata Junya , Osawa Fumiya , Wada Yoshimasa , Suzuki Katsuaki , Kaji Hironori , Marumoto Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrganic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have advantages over OLEDs using conventional fluorescent materials or high-cost phosphorescent materials, including higher efficiency and lower cost. To attain further high device performance, clarifying internal charge states in OLEDs at a microscopic viewpoint is crucial; however, only a few such studies have been performed. Here, we report a microscopic investigation into internal charge states in OLEDs with a TADF material by electron spin resonance (ESR) at a molecular level. We observed operando ESR signals of the OLEDs and identified their origins due to a hole-transport material PEDOT:PSS, gap states at an electron-injection layer, and a host material CBP in the light-emitting layer by performing density functional theory calculation and studying thin films used in the OLEDs. The ESR intensity varied with increasing applied bias before and after the light emission. We find leakage electrons in the OLED at a molecular level, which is suppressed by a further electron-blocking layer MoO3 between the PEDOT:PSS and light-emitting layer, resulting in the enhancement of luminance with a low-voltage drive. Such microscopic information and applying our method to other OLEDs will further improve the OLED performance from the microscopic viewpoint.
Conflict experience and resolution underlying obedience to authority
Authors: Götz Felix J. , Mitschke Vanessa , Eder Andreas B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDefinitions of obedience require the experience of conflict in response to an authority’s demands. Nevertheless, we know little about this conflict and its resolution. Two experiments tested the suitability of the ‘object-destruction paradigm’ for the study of conflict in obedience. An experimenter instructed participants to shred bugs (among other objects) in a manipulated coffee grinder. In contrast to the demand condition, participants in the control condition were reminded of their free choice. Both received several prods if they defied the experimenter. Results show that participants were more willing to kill bugs in the demand condition. Self-reported negative affect was increased after instructions to destroy bugs relative to other objects (Experiments 1 and 2). In Experiment 2, compliant participants additionally showed an increase in tonic skin conductance and, crucially, self-reported more agency and responsibility after alleged bug-destruction. These findings elucidate the conflict experience and resolution underlying obedience. Implications for prominent explanations (agentic shift, engaged followership) are discussed.