bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parameter estimation of multiple‐input single‐output Hammerstein controlled autoregressive system based on improved adaptive moment estimation algorithm
Authors: Li Junhong , Xiao Kang , Gu Juping , Hua Liang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, the problem of parameter estimation for a multiple‐input single‐output Hammerstein controlled autoregressive (MISO‐HCAR) model is solved. After establishing the identification model of MISO‐HCAR system, an improved adaptive moment estimation algorithm with decreasing weight (IADAM) is proposed. The improved algorithm transforms the nonlinear system identification problem into a parameter space optimization problem, according to the input and output data obtained from the system, and uses the parallel search ability of the IADAM algorithm to estimate all the parameters of the system simultaneously. Two numerical examples and the case study example of chemical continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system show that the proposed IADAM algorithm with decreasing weight has better identification effect on the MISO‐HCAR model and CSTR system than the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm and the basic adaptive moment estimation (ADAM) algorithm, and the estimation accuracy and convergence speed are greatly improved. Thus, the IADAM can estimate the parameters of the MISO‐HCAR system and the CSTR system more effectively.
Graphene Quantum Dots Nonmonotonically Influence the Horizontal Transfer of Extracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes via Bacterial Transformation
Authors: Hu Xiaojie , Xu Yanxing , Liu Si , Gudda Fredrick Owino , Ling Wanting , Qin Chao , Gao Yanzheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGraphene quantum dots (GQDs) coexist with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Whether GQDs influence ARG spread needs investigation, since the resulting development of multidrug‐resistant pathogens would threaten human health. This study investigates the effect of GQDs on the horizontal transfer of extracellular ARGs (i.e., transformation, a pivotal way that ARGs spread) mediated by plasmids into competent Escherichia coli cells. GQDs enhance ARG transfer at lower concentrations, which are close to their environmental residual concentrations. However, with further increases in concentration (closer to working concentrations needed for wastewater remediation), the effects of enhancement weaken or even become inhibitory. At lower concentrations, GQDs promote the gene expression related to pore‐forming outer membrane proteins and the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, thus inducing pore formation and enhancing membrane permeability. GQDs may also act as carriers to transport ARGs into cells. These factors result in enhanced ARG transfer. At higher concentrations, GQD aggregation occurs, and aggregates attach to the cell surface, reducing the effective contact area of recipients for external plasmids. GQDs also form large agglomerates with plasmids and thus hindering ARG entrance. This study could promote the understanding of the GQD‐caused ecological risks and benefit their safe application.
Local Built‐In Field at the Sub‐nanometric Heterointerface Mediates Cascade Electrochemical Conversion of Lithium–sulfur Batteries
Authors: Ding Chenfeng , Niu Mang , Cassidy Cathal , Kang Hyung‐Been , Ono Luis K. , Wang Hengyuan , Tong Guoqing , Zhang Congyang , Liu Yuan , Zhang Jiahao , Mariotti Silvia , Wu Tianhao , Qi Yabing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHeterogeneous catalytic mediators have been proposed to play a vital role in enhancing the multiorder reaction and nucleation kinetics in multielectron sulfur electrochemistry. However, the predictive design of heterogeneous catalysts is still challenging, owing to the lack of in‐depth understanding of interfacial electronic states and electron transfer on cascade reaction in Li–S batteries. Here, a heterogeneous catalytic mediator based on monodispersed titanium carbide sub‐nanoclusters embedded in titanium dioxide nanobelts is reported. The tunable catalytic and anchoring effects of the resulting catalyst are achieved by the redistribution of localized electrons caused by the abundant built‐in fields in heterointerfaces. Subsequently, the resulting sulfur cathodes deliver an areal capacity of 5.6 mAh cm−2 and excellent stability at 1 C under sulfur loading of 8.0 mg cm−2. The catalytic mechanism especially on enhancing the multiorder reaction kinetic of polysulfides is further demonstrated via operando time‐resolved Raman spectroscopy during the reduction process in conjunction with theoretical analysis.
Reconfigurable Grating Diffraction Structural Color in Self‐Assembled Colloidal Crystals
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Solomon Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelf‐assembled colloidal crystals display structural colors due to light diffracted from their microscale, ordered structure. This color arises due to Bragg reflection (BR) or grating diffraction (GD); the latter mechanism is much less explored than the former. Here the design space for generating GD structural color is identified and its relative advantages are demonstrated. Electrophoretic deposition is used to self‐assemble crystals with fine crystal grains from colloids of diameter 1.0 µm. The structural color in transmission is tunable across the full visible spectrum. The optimum optical response—represented by both color intensity and saturation—is observed at low layer number (≤5 layers). The spectral response is well predicted by Mie scattering of the crystals. Taken together, the experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that vivid grating colors with high color saturation can be produced from thin layers of micron‐sized colloids. These colloidal crystals extend the potential of artificial structural color materials.
Nonlinear Optical Sulfides LiMGa8S14 (M = Rb/Ba, Cs/Ba) Created by Li+ Driven 2D Centrosymmetric to 3D Noncentrosymmetric Transformation
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Shu , Liu Bin‐Wen , Jiang Xiao‐Ming , Guo Guo‐Cong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCations that can regulate the configuration of anion group are greatly important but regularly unheeded. Herein, the structural transformation from 2D CS to 3D noncentrosymmetric (NCS, which is the prerequisite for second‐order NLO effect) is rationally designed to newly afford two sulfides LiMGa8S14 (M = Rb/Ba, 1; Cs/Ba, 2) by introducing the smallest alkali metal Li+ cation into the interlamination of 2D centrosymmetric (CS) RbGaS2. The unusual frameworks of 1 and 2 are constructed from C2‐type [Ga4S11] supertetrahedrons in a highly parallel arrangement. 1 and 2 display distinguished NLO performances, including strong phase‐matchable second‐harmonic generation (SHG) intensities (0.8 and 0.9 × AgGaS2 at 1910 nm), wide optical band gaps (3.24 and 3.32 eV), and low coefficient of thermal expansion for favorable laser‐induced damage thresholds (LIDTs, 4.7, and 7.6 × AgGaS2 at 1064 nm), which fulfill the criteria of superior NLO candidates (SHG intensity >0.5 × AGS and band gap >3.0 eV). Remarkably, 1 and 2 melt congruently at 873.8 and 870.5 °C, respectively, which endows them with the potential of growing bulk crystals by the Bridgeman‐Stockbarge method. This investigated system provides a new avenue for the structural evolution from layered CS to 3D NCS of NLO materials.
Evolution of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery in Electrode
Authors: Hossain Md Hasnat , Abdullah Norulsamani , Tan Kim Han , Saidur R. , Mohd Radzi Mohd Amran , Shafie Suhaidi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is a highly regarded technology for large‐scale energy storage due to its outstanding features, such as scalability, efficiency, long lifespan, and site independence. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of its performance in carbon‐based electrodes, along with a comprehensive review of the system‘s principles and mechanisms. It discusses potential applications, recent industrial involvement, and economic factors associated with VRFB technology. The study also covers the latest advancements in VRFB electrodes, including electrode surface modification and electrocatalyst materials, and highlights their effects on the VRFB system‘s performance. Additionally, the potential of two‐dimensional material MXene to enhance electrode performance is evaluated, and the author concludes that MXenes offer significant advantages for use in high‐power VRFB at a low cost. Finally, the paper reviews the challenges and future development of VRFB technology.
Water Security, Participatory Governance, and Dialogue Spaces for Change in Northern Sri Lanka
Authors: Sriskandarajah Nadarajah , Sivapalan Murugesu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWater Security through Participatory Action Research in the Northern Province (WASPAR) is a project driven by the University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, since March 2020. The project itself and some of the significant outcomes over the 3‐year first phase of research will make up part of the upcoming Special Issue of this journal. As guest editors of the Special Issue, we bring this note as a preface for what is to come in the collection, while also positioning the six contributed papers and one invited paper within the themes of Water Security, Participatory Governance, and Dialogue Spaces for Change, the latter two as emergent themes in the search for the first, Water Security. WASPAR took as its starting point the limitations of existing institutional and social structures and their fragmented ways of water management. Instead, it put forward the search for a holistic, trans‐disciplinary, and multi‐stakeholder approach for water security in the Northern Province. In that search, water security and water governance would become more relevant keywords in the project's research vocabulary to replace water supply and water management.
Portugal: EU Issue Voting in Mainstream and Challenger Parties
Authors: Costa Lobo Marina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of the “bailout countries” during the Great Recession, Portugal is an interesting case-study to analyse EU politicisation and its effects at the national level. In this chapter, media, parliamentary and voting data provide a comprehensive picture of the role of EU politicisation in Portuguese political behaviour. Trends of EU issue politicisation are presented using salience and tone in mainstream media and parliamentary debates from 2002 to 2019. As expected, the post-2009 period exhibits an increase in politicisation both in media and parliamentary debates. Yet, in a post-bailout stage, and especially since the left coalition government took office in 2015, a degree of depoliticization of the EU issue is detected, with tone improving among the left parties in Parliament. A comprehensive vote model is then set up, using data from a post-2019 election online survey, to examine the degree to which EU issue voting matters, benchmarking with other political issues which were deemed relevant in the election. EU issue voting occurs among Communists but also for the PSD—signalling its importance not only for challenger but also for mainstream parties. Moreover, it matters more than the other socio-economic political issues included in the model.
EU Issue Voting in Simultaneous Elections: The Case of Belgium
Authors: Stiers Dieter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn terms of electoral rules, Belgium is an odd case out among the countries investigated in this volume on several levels. Elections for the regional, national and European level are held on the same day, and all voters are obligated to turn out to vote. This combination of circumstances makes Belgium a least-likely case to find evidence for EU voting on the national level: voters can express their European interests with a vote for that level specifically at the same moment, and the forced and less interested part of the electorate is less likely to express strong issue preferences with their vote. This study first shows that, overall, the European issue is not very salient in Belgium, and that there is a generally positive consensus among the parties and in the media. However, still, there are some effects of the EU issue on national voting behaviour. While these are limited overall, also other well-known determinants of the vote do not show strong effects. Explaining voting behaviour in the complex Belgian case remains challenging, and the EU issue seems to provide one piece of the puzzle.
After the Crisis: EU Issue Voting in Greece
Authors: Nezi Roula 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCompared to the other countries examined in this volume, Greece is the one that suffered the most financially during the economic crisis. Public protest and growing political discontent emerged as a reaction to the strict austerity policies introduces, with European institutions becoming the symbol and the European Union (EU) becoming the main target of discontent. To this end, the Greek case offers a useful example of a country in which EU issues around the economic crisis polarized the general public. This analysis suggests the salience of the EU issue was greater during the crisis, with negative references towards the EU being widespread even among moderate media outlets. However, public opinion analysis suggests the EU issue can only explain the vote for the two parties competing to govern—Syriza and New Democracy (ND). While Syriza successfully closed the circle of the memoranda agreed upon by the Papandreou government in 2009, ND mobilized the emotions of citizens and the public by creating a “rally around the flag” that determined the outcome of the elections.
Quantum state tomography, entanglement detection and Bell violation prospects in weak decays of massive particles
Authors: Ashby-Pickering Rachel , Barr Alan J. , Wierzchucka Agnieszka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A rather general method for determining the spin density matrix of a multi-particle system from angular decay data is presented. The method is based on a Bloch parameterisation of the d-dimensional generalised Gell-Mann representation of ρ and exploits the associated Wigner- and Weyl-transforms on the sphere. Each parameter of a (possibly multipartite) spin density matrix can be measured from a simple average over an appropriate set of experimental angular decay distributions. The general procedures for both projective and non-projective decays are described, and the Wigner P and Q symbols calculated for the cases of spin-half, spin-one, and spin-3/2 systems. The methods are used to examine Monte Carlo simulations of pp collisions for bipartite systems: pp → W+W−, pp → ZZ, pp → ZW+, pp →$$ {W}^{+}\overline{t} $$

W
+

t
¯

, $$ t\overline{t} $$
t

t
¯

, and those from the Higgs boson decays H → WW* and H → ZZ*. Measurements are proposed for entanglement detection, exchange symmetry detection and Bell inequality violation in bipartite systems.
Lie Structures and Chain Ideal Lattices
Authors: Benito Pilar , Roldán-López Jorge 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, to emphasise that the class of Lie algebras with chain lattices of ideals are elementary blocks in the embedding or decomposition of Lie algebras with finite lattice of ideals. Secondly, to show that the number of Lie algebras of this class is large and they support other types of Lie structures. Beginning with general examples and algebraic decompositions, we focus on computational algorithms to build Lie algebras in which the lattice of ideals is a chain. The chain condition forces gradings on the nilradicals of this class of algebras. Our algorithms yield to several positive naturally graded parametric families of Lie algebras. Further generalizations and other kind of structures will also be discussed.
Zoom and its Discontents: Group Decision Making in Pediatric Cardiology in the Time of COVID (and Beyond)
Authors: Danton Mark H.D. , Bushnell Ian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe emergence of Covid-19 has led to change within hospital-based healthcare. An example, has been to reconfigure clinical decision making meetings from traditional in-person (Face-to-face, FtF) to online video-conferencing (VC) format inorder to decrease contagion risk. Despite its widespread uptake, there is minimal empirical data evaluating this format. This narrative review considers the implications on medical decision-making when clinicians communicate remotely via Microsoft Teams. The discussion is informed by the psychological literature and by commentary obtained from a survey of paediatric cardiac clinicians who participated in clinical meetings when video-conferencing was first introduced. Whist video-conferencing can optimize clinician presence, this is potentially offset by compromises in current imaging quality, the group discussion, information sharing and decision quality. Implementing a shift from face-to-face to VC within the group decision-making process requires an appreciation of the changed environment, appropriate adaptations and the implemention of new technology solutions. Meanwhile, healthcare should carefully consider the potential implications of clinical decision making using online video conferencing, be prepared to adapt and evaluate prior to a shift away from face-to-face formats.
Impact of Preoperative Psychiatric Profile in Bariatric Surgery on Long-term Weight Outcome
Authors: Lüscher Anouk , Vionnet Nathalie , Amiguet Michael , Chartoumpekis Dionysios , Mantziari Styliani , Frantz Johanna , Favre Lucie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Conflicting results have been reported regarding the predictive value of preoperative psychological assessment and weight outcome after bariatric surgery. This might be attributed to different factors affecting early weight loss and long-term weight loss. Herein, we investigated whether preoperative psychiatric profile was associated with preoperative BMI and with both early (1 year) and long-term (5 years) weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Methods
Prospective observational cohort study of patients undergoing RYGB between 2013 and 2019. Symptoms related to anxiety, depression, eating disorder, and alcohol use disorders were assessed by employing validated, specific psychometric tests (STAI-S/T, BDI-II, BITE, AUDIT-C) prior to surgery. Pre-operative BMI, early weight loss (1 year), and long-term weight evolution (up to 5 years) were registered.

Results
Two hundred thirty six patients (81% women) were included in the present study. Linear longitudinal mixed model showed a significant effect of preoperative high anxiety (STAI-S) on long-term weight outcome, after controlling for gender, age and type 2 diabetes. Patient with high preoperative anxiety score regained weight faster than those experiencing low anxiety (each year percent excess BMI loss (%EBMIL) − 4.02%, ± 1.72, p = 0.021). No other pre-operative psychiatric symptoms have been shown to have an impact on long-term weight loss. In addition, no significant association was found between any of the pre-operative psychiatric variables and pre-operative BMI, or early weight loss (%EBMIL) at 1-year post-RYGB.

Conclusion
Herein we identified high anxiety score (STAI-S) as a predictor for long-term weight regain. Thus, long-term psychiatric surveillance of these patients and the development of tailored management tools could serve as a means to prevent weight regain.

Graphical abstract
Late-onset vascular complications of radiotherapy for primary brain tumors: a case–control and cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Ibáñez-Juliá María-José , Picca Alberto , Leclercq Delphine , Berzero Giulia , Jacob Julian , Feuvret Loïc , Rosso Charlotte , Birzu Cristina , Alentorn Agusti , Sanson Marc , Tafani Camille , Bompaire Flavie , Bataller Luis , Hoang-Xuan Khê , Delattre Jean-Yves , Psimaras Dimitri , Ricard Damien 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose

Radiotherapy (RT) is a recognized risk factor for cerebrovascular (CV) disease in children and in adults with head and neck cancer. We aimed to investigate whether cerebral RT increases the risk of CV disease in adults with primary brain tumors (PBT).

Methods
We retrospectively identified adults with a supratentorial PBT diagnosed between 1975 and 2006 and with at least 10 years follow-up after treatment. We analyzed demographic, clinical, and radiological features with special attention to CV events. We also described CV events, vascular risk factors, and intracranial artery modifications in a cross-sectional study of irradiated patients alive at the time of the study.

Results
A total of 116 patients, treated with RT (exposed group), and 85 non-irradiated patients (unexposed group) were enrolled. Stroke was more frequent in irradiated PBT patients than in the unexposed group (42/116 (36%) vs 7/85 (8%); p < 0.001), with higher prevalence of both ischemic (27/116 (23%) vs 6/85 (7%); p = 0.004) and hemorrhagic (12/116 (10%) vs 1/85 (1%); p = 0.02) stroke. In the irradiated group, patients with tumors near the Willis Polygon were more likely to experience stroke (p < 0.016). Fourty-four alive irradiated patients were included in the cross-sectional study. In this subgroup, intracranial arterial stenosis was more prevalent (11/45, 24%) compared to general population (9%).

Conclusions
Stroke prevalence is increased in long-surviving PBT patients treated with cranial RT.

Implications for cancer survivors
CV events are frequent in long survivors of PBT treated with cerebral RT. We propose a check list to guide management of late CV complications in adults treated with RT for PBT.
Effects of Opioids on Immune and Endocrine Function in Patients with Cancer Pain
Authors: Bradley Anna , Boland Jason W 
Published: May 2023

Opinion statementOpioids are an important treatment in managing cancer pain. Uncontrolled pain can be detrimental to function and quality of life. Common adverse effects of opioids such as sedation, constipation and nausea are well recognised, but opioid effects on the endocrine and immune systems are less apparent. The evidence for the immunomodulatory effects of opioids suggest that some opioids might be immunosuppressive and that their use might be associated with reduced survival and increased rates of infection in patients with cancer. However, the quality of this evidence is limited. Opioid-induced endocrinopathies, in particular opioid-induced hypogonadism, may also impact cancer survival and impair quality of life. But again, evidence in patients with cancer is limited, especially with regard to their management. There are some data that different opioids influence immune and endocrine function with varying outcomes. For example, some opioids, such as tramadol and buprenorphine, demonstrate immune-sparing qualities when compared to others. However, most of this data is preclinical and without adequate clinical correlation; thus, no opioid can currently be recommended over another in this context. Higher opioid doses might have more effect on immune and endocrine function. Ultimately, it is prudent to use the lowest effective dose to control the cancer pain. Clinical presentations of opioid-induced endocrinopathies should be considered in patients with cancer and assessed for, particularly in long-term opioid users. Hormone replacement therapies may be considered where appropriate with support from endocrinology specialists.