bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoid withdrawal and glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency: Study protocol of the randomized controlled «TOASST” (Taper Or Abrupt Steroid STop) multicenter trial
Authors: Komminoth Mathis , Donath Marc Y. , Hepprich Matthias , Schuetz Philipp , Blum Claudine A. , Mueller Beat , Reny Jean-Luc , Gosselin Pauline , Breville Gautier , Brändle Michael , Henzen Christoph , Leuppi Jörg D. , Kistler Andreas D. , Thurnheer Robert , Beuschlein Felix , Rudofsky Gottfried , Aeberli Daniel , Villiger Peter M. , Böhm Stephan , Chifu Irina , Fassnacht Martin , Meyer Gesine , Bojunga Jörg , Cattaneo Marco , Sluka Constantin , Schneider Helga , Rutishauser Jonas ,   for the «TOASST» study group
Published: April 2023

Background
Despite the widespread use of glucocorticoids in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, there is uncertainty about the safe cessation of long-term systemic treatment, as data from prospective trials are largely missing. Due to potential disease relapse or glucocorticoid-induced hypocortisolism, the drug is often tapered to sub-physiological doses rather than stopped when the underlying disease is clinically stable, increasing the cumulative drug exposure. Conversely, the duration of exposure to glucocorticoids should be minimized to lower the risk of side effects.

Methods
We designed a multicenter, randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to test the clinical noninferiority of abrupt glucocorticoid stop compared to tapering after ≥28 treatment days with ≥420 mg cumulative and ≥7.5 mg mean daily prednisone-equivalent dose. 573 adult patients treated systemically for various disorders will be included after their underlying disease has been stabilized. Prednisone in tapering doses or matching placebo is administered over 4 weeks. A 250 mg ACTH-test, the result of which will be revealed a posteriori, is performed at study inclusion; all patients are instructed on glucocorticoid stress cover dosing. Follow-up is for 6 months. The composite primary outcome measure is time to hospitalization, death, initiation of unplanned systemic glucocorticoid therapy, or adrenal crisis. Secondary outcomes include the individual components of the primary outcome, cumulative glucocorticoid doses, signs and symptoms of hypocortisolism, and the performance of the ACTH test in predicting the clinical outcome. Cox proportional hazard, linear, and logistic regression models will be used for statistical analysis.

Conclusion
This trial aims to demonstrate the clinical noninferiority and safety of abrupt treatment cessation after ≥28 days of systemic glucocorticoid therapy in patients with stabilized underlying disease.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03153527; EUDRA-CT: 2020–005601–48 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03153527?term=NCT03153527&draw=2&rank=1.
Study on the correlation between basketball players’ multiple-object tracking ability and sports decision-making
Authors: Gou Qifeng , Li Sunnan 
Published: April 2023

Background
Players’ multiple-object tracking (MOT) ability is very important in basketball because it may affect players’ sports decision-making (SDM), thus affecting the results of the game. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between expert and novice basketball players in MOT ability and SDM and to explore the correlation between basketball players’ visual attention and SDM.

Methods
A total of 48 female basketball players (24 categorized in the expert group and 24 in the novice group) participated in the MOT task in Experiment 1 and the basketball 3 vs. 3 games in Experiment 2. Experiment 1 examined the difference in dynamic visual attention characteristics between expert players and novice players by changing the tracking number. Experiment 2 examined the differences between expert players and novice players through the SDM of basketball 3 vs. 3 games. Sports decisions were evaluated by basketball experts. MOT ability and SDM ability were analyzed through Pearson correlation.

Results
The overall MOT accuracy of expert players (64.6%) and novice players (55.7%) was significantly different (χ2 = 59.693, P = 0.000). There was no significant difference in accuracy when tracking 2–3 targets (P > 0.05), but there was a significant difference in accuracy when tracking 4–6 targets (P < 0.05). The overall SDM accuracy of expert players (91.6%) and novice players (84.5%) was significantly different (χ2 = 31.975, P = 0.000). There was no significant difference between expert players and novice players in the accuracy of dribbling decision-making (P > 0.05), but there was a significant difference in the accuracy of passing decision-making and shooting decision-making (P < 0.01). When tracking 4–5 targets, the tracking score was positively correlated with the passing decision score and dribbling decision score of expert players, and the tracking score of novice players was positively correlated with the passing decision score (r > 0.6, P < 0.01).

Conclusions
First, the tracking accuracy of expert players was significantly higher than that of novice players, especially when tracking 4–6 targets. As the number of targets increased, accuracy decreased. Second, the accuracy of expert players’ SDM was significantly higher than that of novice players, especially in passing decision-making and shooting decision-making. Expert players exhibited fast and accurate SDM. Third, there was a correlation between MOT ability and SDM performance. The MOT ability of 4–5 targets was positively correlated with passing decision-making, which was statistically significant. The correlation between the MOT ability and SDM performance of expert players was greater and more significant. Having too many targets to track (more than 6) interfered with players’ decisions.
The Development of Multimedia Teaching Material for Floral Embroidery Brooches Pined in Lady's Clothes for Nakhon Laung Polytechnic College Students
Authors:   Faculty of Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Poosiekeaw Anupong , Kee-ariyo Chayapat ,   Faculty of Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Suteebut Nomjit ,   Faculty of Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon
Published: April 2023

The purposes of this research are : 1) effectiveness teaching of multimedia teaching material for floral embroidery brooches pined in lady's clothes for Nakhon Laung Polytechnic College,2) the assessing is effectiveness teaching of multimedia teaching material for floral embroidery brooches pined in lady's clothes for Nakhon Laung Polytechnic College, and 3) a study of student is satisfaction with teaching of multimedia teaching material for floral embroidery brooches pined in lady's clothes for Nakhon Laung Polytechnic College. The population is the short-term student enrolled in the second semester of the 2020 academic year in Fabric Craft about 35. The instruments use in this research include multimedia teaching materials, practice test, multimedia performance assessment form and satisfaction assessment form (questionnaires).The statistics use in this study include average and the standard deviation.	The research found that as follows: 1) effectiveness teaching of multimedia teaching material for floral embroidery brooches pined in lady's clothes for Nakhon Laung Polytechnic College were 80.17/ 87.31 which was higher than the specified criteria. 2) The opinion assessment teaching of multimedia teaching material for floral embroidery brooches pined in lady's clothes for Nakhon Laung Polytechnic College that it was appropriate, possibility and usefulness was at the highest level in all aspects.3) Student satisfaction with teaching of multimedia teaching material for floral embroidery brooches pined in lady's clothes for Nakhon Laung Polytechnic College at that was the highest level in all aspects.
The Partial Pressure of CO2 and Fluxes of CO2 in Semarang Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Muskananfola Max Rudolf , Latifah Nurul , Hartoko Agus , Febrianto Sigit , Winterwerp Johan Christian 
Published: April 2023

The CO2 characteristics of the Semarang Bay system on the Northern coast of Java were investigated to understand the roles in carbon dioxide flux. The flux of carbon dioxide at the sea surface between seawater and atmosphere is essential for mitigating atmospheric CO2. The aims of this study were to assess the variation of CO2 partial pressure seawater (pCO2sea) and CO2 flux and to analyse the water quality variable which has the larger influence on CO2 flux in the waters of Semarang Bay. The variables in this study were temperature, pH, salinity, and DO. Different methods were adopted in the analysis of water samples: spectrophotometric to measure chlorophyll-a and phosphate and titration method to measure Total Alkalinity (TA) and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC). A CO2 meter was used to measure the CO2atm. The lowest CO2 flux value was (1.86 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1) during the morning period while the pCO2sea reached 461.04 μatm and CO2 flux 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1 at night. At noon time, with increased temperature, pCO2sea was 461.04 μatm, and CO2 flux was 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1. The high concentration of chlorophyll-a ranged between 3.55–4.11 mg.L-1. This chlorophyll-a concentration has a negative correlation with CO2 flux, and it was found that TA and DIC concentrations have no relationship with CO2 flux. Based on PCA analysis, it was found that the variability of CO2 flux in Semarang Bay is influenced by the variability of pCO2sea, sea surface temperature and kwa (affected by wind speed).
Development of superhydrophobic hybrid silica-cellulose aerogel as promising thermal insulation and sound absorption
Authors: Panda Debabrata , Gangawane Krunal M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA cost-effective and facile synthesis method is developed for hybrid aerogels using recycled cellulose fiber concentration of 1–4 wt.% and methoxytrimethylsilane (MTMS). The developed hybrid aerogel was modified with surface hydroxyl groups to achieve superhydrophobic behavior with a contact angle as high as 163.4°. This excellent three-dimensional reticular structure with various cellulose concentrations provides a thermal conductivity of 0.039–0.041 W m−1 K−1. However, the thermal degradation of the hybrid aerogels exhibits a superior improvement with minimum weight loss. A comparatively good sound absorption coefficient of 0.392–0.504 was achieved with the inclusion of cellulose fiber concentration from 1 to 4 wt.% in comparison with silica aerogels (0.303–0.512). The experimental results also show an increase in compressive Young’s modulus of hybrid aerogels up to 96%, with an increase in cellulose concentration. This work delivers a facile approach to developing hybrid aerogels with an industrial application to replace polymer-based insulations.
Effect of spheroidization annealing on low cycle fatigue (LCF) characteristics of cold forged steel components
Authors: Duraikkannu Venkatesan , Ramasami Chandramouli , Srinivasan Venugopal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cold forging is extensively applied to produce components such as shafts, axles, gears, crankshafts and couplings for automobiles. EN 24 and EN 353 steels possess relatively lower carbon content and have great commercial importance, particularly in the automotive sector. While EN 24 is a preferred choice for shafts, EN 353 is largely used in manufacturing gears and pinions. Apart from improving the mechanical properties of steel, heat treatment makes the steel softer, which reduces excessive forming loads during the cold forging process. The objective of this work is to assess the effect of spheroidization annealing on the fatigue characteristics of both EN 24 and EN 353 steels. Specimens prepared from the chosen materials with and without heat treatment were subjected to low cycle fatigue tests and the fractography images were studied. The investigations revealed that (i) the extent of spheroidization was improved with extended holding time during the heating cycle, (ii) EN 24 steel became softer after spheroidization and had the fatigue life almost doubled, and (iii) For EN 353 steel, the spheroidization resulted in a 50% increase in the fatigue life.
Evaluation of characteristics for microwave-assisted polymer coating of the steel substrate
Authors: Loharkar Praveen Kumar , Ingle Asha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Polymeric barrier coatings are one of the most sought-after methods for protecting metallic parts from corrosion and for ensuring a glossy appearance. In this work, pure polyester barrier coating was applied on a steel substrate using a microwave-assisted curing process with an experimental design based on L9 Taguchi orthogonal array. It included three key factors, viz. voltage, powder output from the spray gun and microwave power with three levels of each. The heat required for curing was achieved through electromagnetic-thermal energy conversion with the aid of a graphite susceptor. A multi-physics numerical study was carried out to identify the magnitude of temperature attained at different levels of microwave power and irradiation time. This was used to build the microwave curing set-up. The impact of parametric variation of the microwave-assisted process on the gloss was quantified. In addition, an assessment of dry film thickness, corrosion resistance, and impact strength was performed. Taguchi analysis reveals that out of three factors used, microwave power has the most significant impact on the gloss units. The desired level of impact strength was achieved for all samples, with the exception of the one coated with the factor combination of the least levels. Corrosion resistance for specimens was measured to be 240 h using a standard salt spray test. Specimen prepared with larger power input showed lesser blistering. The results substantiate the feasibility of a microwave-assisted process route for the industrial coating process.
Migrant bilingual youth, family, and school language policy: ethnographic insights for urban Quechua education
Authors: Kvietok Frances 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, I draw on the ethnography of language planning and policy to consider how urban Indigenous language education might benefit from understanding the meanings and processes behind other language planning and policy activities migrant youth participate in, specifically, family language policymaking activities. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews conducted in the region of Cusco, Perú I examine the experiences of two youth from rural hometowns and of their families. My analysis discusses how family language policies influenced youth’s shifting repertoires towards and away from Quechua, how youth drew on their Quechua–Spanish bilingualism to act as family language policy agents guided by local crianza and raciolinguistic ideologies, and how youth experienced Quechua language education in urban high schools. I argue that urban Quechua education efforts need to consider how migrant youth experience and shape their bilingualism and that of their families across rural-urban continua in order to craft safe and meaningful spaces where youth can participate in the strengthening of their Quechua language practices and identities.
On the “Imagination Consumption” of Film in the Internet Age
Authors: Chen Xuguang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The discussion regarding artistic imagination, and the artist’s subjective imagination, has long been an important issue for Chinese and foreign art theories. In the Internet Age, film imagination and “imagination consumption” show new features such as the fantasy of surreality, virtual reality, simulacra, and the aesthetics of “post-conditional theatre”. Films in the Internet age enrich the theory of film industrial aesthetics with fruitful practices. The article concludes with four types of film styles relevant to the “imagination consumption”: first, films which include modes of surreality, the aesthetic of conditional theatre and allegory; second, films from the mysterious fantasy and magic genres; third, films from the science fiction genre; and fourth, films from the film-game convergence genre. This article further notes the connection between such films, the dependence upon simulacra by today’s youth audience, and their demand for “imagination consumption”, suggesting the approach of the age of “imagination consumption”.
Critical Review of National Flood Policy Outcomes
Authors: Stanley Michelle , Hotard Abbey , Pilgreen Daniel , Meyer Michelle 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPopulations are increasingly exposed to natural hazards due to expanding development and climate change. This exposure is exacerbated by sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors limiting resources for disaster mitigation and recovery. Federal disaster assistance is crucial for communities in the wake of catastrophic events by supplementing local resources. However, recent research suggests that federal disaster assistance may exacerbate existing inequality across social groups. The most pervasive and costliest disaster in the United States is flooding. The federal government maintains multiple programs supporting flood mitigation and recovery, yet a comprehensive understanding of how these programs may foster inequitable outcomes is lacking. This paper uses a systematic review of federal flood policy literature over the last decade to fill this gap and identify patterns that may contribute to inequitable outcomes. Results suggest that despite over 100 flood-related disasters occurring over the past decade, the effectiveness of flood policies across social groups is relatively unstudied. And when studied, federal policies themselves do not explicitly lead to inequitable outcomes. Instead, we conclude that policies prioritize equality over equity and do not overcome systematic oppressive and racist decision-making. These findings further the understanding that social vulnerability to natural hazards is a complex and contextual issue.
Male-pattern hair loss: Comprehensive identification of the associated genes as a basis for understanding pathophysiology
Authors: Henne Sabrina K. , Nöthen Markus M. , Heilmann-Heimbach Stefanie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Male-pattern hair loss (MPHL) is a highly heritable and prevalent condition that is characterized by progressive hair loss from the frontotemporal and vertex scalp. This androgen-dependent hair loss may commence during puberty, and up to 80 % of European men experience some degree of MPHL during their lifetime. Current treatment options for MPHL have limited efficacy, and improved understanding of the underlying biological causes is required to facilitate novel therapeutic approaches. To date, molecular genetic studies have identified 389 associated genomic regions, have implicated numerous genes in these regions, and suggested pathways that are likely to contribute to key pathophysiological mechanisms in MPHL. This review provides an overview of the current status of MPHL genetic research. We discuss the most significant achievements, current challenges, and anticipated developments in the field, as well as their potential to advance our understanding of hair (loss) biology, and to improve hair loss prediction and treatment.
Genetic underpinnings of the psoriatic spectrum
Authors: Hüffmeier Ulrike , Klima Janine , Hayatu Mohammad Deen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The psoriatic field includes both rare and common subtypes. Common complex forms include psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic arthritis. In these subtypes, certain HLA alleles remain the most relevant genetic factors, although genome-wide association studies lead to the detection of more than 80 susceptibility loci. They mainly affect innate and adaptive immunity and explain over 28 % of the heritability. Pustular psoriasis comprises a group of rarer subtypes. Using exome sequencing, several disease genes were identified for mainly generalized pustular psoriasis, and an oligogenic inheritance is likely. Treatment studies based on the affected IL–36 pathway indicate a high response rate in this subtype further supporting the pathophysiological relevance of the affected gene products.
Auslaufmodell verminderte Schuldfähigkeit? Die Dichotomisierung der Neuanordnungen gem. §§ 63/64 Strafgesetzbuch
Authors: Querengässer Jan , Traub Hans-Joachim 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Mit den freiheitsentziehenden Maßregeln der Besserung und Sicherung ist die Frage der Schuldfähigkeit im deutschen Strafrecht normativ eng verknüpft. Für die Anordnung einer Unterbringung im psychiatrischen Krankenhaus gem. § 63 StGB stellen Schuldunfähigkeit oder verminderte Schuldfähigkeit (gem. §§ 20/21 StGB) eine Voraussetzung dar; eine Unterbringung in der Entziehungsanstalt gem. § 64 StGB kann unabhängig von der Feststellung individueller Schuld und somit in Kombination mit §§ 20 oder 21 StGB oder auch ohne Einschränkung der Schuldfähigkeit angeordnet werden.
Der vorliegende Artikel beschreibt und analysiert die Entwicklung der Neuanordnungen entsprechender Schuldfähigkeits-/Maßregelkombinationen in den Jahren 1995 bis 2018 auf Grundlage der Strafverfolgungsstatistik und nutzt dafür lineare und polynome Trendmodelle. Neben der absoluten und relativen Gesamtverteilung werden auch einzelne Populationsparamater der Subgruppen im Zeitverlauf verglichen.
In beiden Sanktionen nahm der Anteil an verminderter Schuldfähigkeit deutlich ab und lag zuletzt jeweils bei unter 30%. Es überwiegen zunehmend die Kombinationen aus §§ 63/20 StGB bzw. § 64 StGB und voller Schuldfähigkeit. Bei ergänzender Betrachtung von Populationsparametern imponieren je nach Schuldfähigkeitsstufe differenzielle Entwicklungen. Am deutlichsten zeigt sich dies bei § 64 StGB und Vergehen gegen das BtMG: Während sich bei voll Schuldfähigen der Anteil derartiger Hauptdelikte auf über 40% verdoppelt, halbiert er sich bei vermindert Schuldfähigen auf unter 10%.
Die möglichen Ursachen und Implikationen dieser Entwicklungen werden vor dem Hintergrund von allgemeinen Veränderungen in Epidemiologie und Deliktgeschehen diskutiert. Plausibel erklärbar wird das Ausmaß indes nur als Effekt einer geänderten Rechts- und Begutachtungspraxis. Die beobachtete Dichotomisierung der Neuanordnungen kann somit auch als vorweggenommene Neuordnung des Sanktionenrechts durch die Rechtspraxis interpretiert werden.
Trivalent europium – a scarce case in intermetallics
Authors: Engel Stefan , Gießelmann Elias C. J. , Pöttgen Rainer , Janka Oliver 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In most intermetallic europium compounds, the Eu atoms exhibit a divalent oxidation state with a high effective magnetic moment since Eu2+ is isoelectronic with Gd3+. Trivalent intermetallic Eu compounds, in contrast, are extremely scarce and under 20 examples are known to literature. This mini-review summarizes the known binary and ternary examples along with their crystal-chemical peculiarities as well as their magnetic and 151Eu Mössbauer spectroscopic behavior. Additionally, compounds that exhibit valence phase transitions are summarized.