bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood Dyslipidemia and Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque in Adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
Authors: Koskinen Juhani S. , Kytö Ville , Juonala Markus , Viikari Jorma S. A. , Nevalainen Jaakko , Kähönen Mika , Lehtimäki Terho , Hutri‐Kähönen Nina , Laitinen Tomi P. , Tossavainen Päivi , Jokinen Eero , Magnussen Costan G. , Raitakari Olli T. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Childhood exposure to dyslipidemia is associated with adult atherosclerosis, but it is unclear whether the long‐term risk associated with dyslipidemia is attenuated on its resolution by adulthood. We aimed to address this question by examining the links between childhood and adult dyslipidemia on carotid atherosclerotic plaques in adulthood.

Methods and Results
The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study is a prospective follow‐up of children that began in 1980. Since then, follow‐up studies have been conducted regularly. In 2001 and 2007, carotid ultrasounds were performed on 2643 participants at the mean age of 36 years to identify carotid plaques and plaque areas. For childhood lipids, we exploited several risk factor measurements to determine the individual cumulative burden for each lipid during childhood. Participants were categorized into the following 4 groups based on their childhood and adult dyslipidemia status: no dyslipidemia (reference), incident, resolved, and persistent. Among individuals with carotid plaque, linear regression models were used to study the association of serum lipids with plaque area. The prevalence of plaque was 3.3% (N=88). In models adjusted for age, sex, and nonlipid cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risk for carotid plaque was 2.34 (95% CI, 0.91–6.00) for incident adult dyslipidemia, 3.00 (95% CI, 1.42–6.34) for dyslipidemia resolved by adulthood, and 5.23 (95% CI, 2.57–10.66) for persistent dyslipidemia. Carotid plaque area correlated with childhood total, low‐density lipoprotein, and non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

Conclusions
Childhood dyslipidemia, even if resolved by adulthood, is a risk factor for adult carotid plaque. Furthermore, among individuals with carotid plaque, childhood lipids associate with plaque size. These findings highlight the importance of primordial prevention of dyslipidemia in childhood to reduce atherosclerosis development.
Hui Corporate Strategies and Islamic Cultural Capital and in Qing Guangzhou
Authors: Glasserman Aaron Nathan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article adapts methods from the study of late imperial Chinese society to understand Hui families’ pursuit of Islamic cultural capital in Qing Guangzhou. It outlines three processes that crystallized by the middle of the nineteenth century: the integration of Guangzhou’s mosques into regional and long-distance commercial networks; the institutionalization of Islamic education at the city’s mosques; and the rationalization of mosque management. Through an analysis of mosque inscriptions and three Hui genealogies, it shows that the local development of Islamic learning and the organization of mosque authority were linked to the wider social field in which Hui families competed for status.
The Study of Western Esotericism in East-Central Europe—With a Focus on the Last Decades
Authors: Szönyi György E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Since the early 2000s the study of (Western) esotericism has gone through a great development, partly boosted by the establishment of ESSWE in 2005. In East-Central Europe an upsurge in interest started with the changing of the communist regimes in 1989–1991 and scholars became liberated to enhance their studies in fields previously at best tolerated in those countries. Scholars from our region not only joined ESSWE but even organized a network under its aegis, CEENASWE, the Central and Eastern European Network for the Academic Study of Western Esotericism. The present collection of articles intends to provide a panorama of the wide-ranging research, focusing on the past few decades in a geographical order, moving from the north to the south. This article, while serving as a general introduction to the special issue, reviews Poland, Czechia and Hungary in particular, in a form that recalls Jürgen Habermas’s famous term, a Forschungsbericht.
Recent Academic Research on Esotericism in the Balkans
Authors: Putnik Noel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper I offer a concise analysis of contemporary scholarship on esotericism in the countries of former Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. After a brief historical contextualization, I examine the development and principal features of this scholarship over the last three decades. My main argument is that, due to various historical reasons, there is a stark discrepancy between the abundant presence of esoteric ideas and practices in these countries and the extent of specialized scholarship dealing with them. I also suggest that there is an uneven development of esotericism studies across the region, but that these studies are gradually finding their place in South Slavic academia.
Addressing the Theory of the Family Unconscious in the Context of Esotericism
Authors: Gyimesi Júlia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article contributes to the interpretation of the relationship between esotericism and psychology by analysing the theory known as “the family unconscious”. As a variation of the collective unconscious (or collective psyche), the concept of family unconscious was first elaborated by the Hungarian endocrinologist, neurologist, and psychiatrist Leopold Szondi. During the 1930s, Szondi developed his comprehensive theory and psychotherapeutic approach regarding “fate-analysis” within which the assumption of the family unconscious gained central significance. According to fate-analysis, ancestral experiences are preserved in genes and determine the life of descendants. Introduced by Bert Hellinger, the popular psychotherapeutic modality, “family constellation method” displays a variation of the psychological theory of the family unconscious. This paper argues that the approach utilised in Hellinger’s method retains characteristics of “classical” esotericism far more in its interpretation of the family unconscious than the fate-analysis of Szondi. By introducing a genetic interpretation, Szondi managed to “scientize” the family unconscious and put his system on mechanistic grounds.
Reflections on the Waters: Law of the Sea Scholarship and Practice
Authors: Barnes Richard 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article introduces a new initiative to the Journal by launching a rolling series of essays that explore and reflect upon law of the sea scholarship and its relationship with practice. At a time of significant peril to our ocean, it is important to reflect upon the role of scholarship, and its capacity to make a difference, not just to the practice of law, but to the wider intellectual development of the law of the sea, its teaching and its engagement with other disciplines.
Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies
Authors: Lennan Mitchell , Switzer Stephanie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
At the 12th Ministerial Conference in June 2022, Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) reached a historic Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies that aims to contribute to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This article provides the necessary background to the Agreement, tracing briefly the history to the negotiations. After a general overview of the Agreement, three key provisions of the Agreement are examined, namely, the prohibition of subsidies to (1) illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, (2) the fishing of overexploited stocks, and (3) fisheries on the high seas outside the competence of regional fisheries management organisations. The provisions of the Agreement on special and differential treatment in favour of developing and least developed countries, as well as notable procedural and institutional features, are also considered. The remaining issues still to be addressed at the WTO are highlighted in the conclusion.
Temporary Protection Directive: Testing New Frontiers?
Authors: Küçük Esin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The activation of the Temporary Protection Directive has been considered a manifestation of solidarity towards refugees that enhances responsibility sharing between the Member States and is, therefore, perceived as a positive development. Focusing on the specific case of Ukrainian refugees, this paper explores the possible implications of the Temporary Protection Directive from the perspective of asylum solidarity. The purpose of the article is twofold. First, to dispel the assumption that the activation of the Directive is a positive step forward in addressing the Ukraine refugee incidence and challenge the presumed benefits of the Directive in terms of asylum solidarity. Second, the article seeks to explore how the detrimental effects of temporary protection can be mitigated both in the short and long term. It proposes possible solutions to prevent a regression in refugee protection standards through temporary protection and examines how a free choice model can be integrated to remedy some of the shortcomings of the current emergency management system.
Taxonomic review of Pseudomiopteryx Saussure, 1870 (Mantodea: Thespidae: Pseudomiopteryginae)
Authors: Favacho César A.C. , Agudelo R. Antonio A. , Carvalho-Filho Fernando da Silva 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The identification of species in many genera of Neotropical Mantodea is a difficult task because of a lack of revisionary works with keys and illustrations of male genitalia. One of these genera is Pseudomiopteryx Saussure, 1870, which is known to be composed of 10 species and one subspecies of small (19–25 mm) brownish praying mantises that live in the leaf litter of tropical forests of Central America, the Amazon, and the Andean tropics. The genus is revised and the known valid species are redescribed based mainly on type-material. The results yield 11 valid species, including a new species from Costa Rica: Pseudomiopteryx riverai sp. n. Pseudomiopteryx amazonensis Toledo-Piza, 1968 is a junior synonym of Pseudomiopteryx guyanensis Chopard, 1911, and the subspecies Pseudomiopteryx bogotensis gorgonae Ariza & Salazar, 2005 was raised to species level. A syntype specimen of Pseudomiopteryx decipiens, Pseudomiopteryx guyanensis, and Pseudomiopteryx infuscata Saussure & Zehntner, 1894 was herein designated as the lectotype. New information on geographical distributions and natural history were given, and descriptions of the female, ootheca, and first instar nymph of Pseudomiopteryx spinifrons were presented. The geographical distributions of some species are extended. A key to males of all species is given, as well as detailed figures of male genitalia.
Prospects for a Chilly War: China Advice at the Dawn of the Biden Era
Authors: Zarrow Peter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In late 2020 and early 2021—the weeks surrounding the election of President Joseph R. Biden Jr.—a flood of China experts offered an incalculable amount of unsolicited advice to the new administration. With the exception of Taiwan, the differences between doves and hawks were extremely slight, resting more on tone than substance. Policy directions they presented largely followed those of the Trump administration minus the U.S. version of wolf diplomacy rhetoric. Views ranged from the position that the United States should do all it could to squash the rise of the People’s Republic of China (prc), to the position that the United States should pursue competition and cooperation simultaneously—but “never forget competition!” This limited range of views shared four premises. First, the prc and the United States were competitors engaged in a potentially existential struggle for global dominance. Second, the Clinton-Bush-Obama approach of “managing” the prc with the goal of incorporating it into the existing postwar and neoliberal economic structures had failed. Third, the United States had done much to weaken itself, but it could regain its strengths. Fourth, while the Cold War model was inappropriate, the United States should engage in “strategic competition” to constrain China, or in other words wage a Chilly War.
Two Unpublished Letters on the Jesuit Mission Press in Late Sixteenth-Century Japan
Authors: González-Bolado Jaime 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article presents a few unpublished notes, included in two different Jesuit letters, which provide new details about the Jesuit Mission Press in late sixteenth-century Japan. Information about the problems that the Jesuits faced in the internal administration of the printing press and the tools that they employed to run it can be found in these notes, which may be useful for those interested in the Jesuit Mission Press, and in general, in the history of book-production in Japan.
Steep Path Toward a Synodal Church
Authors: Gaut Wilibaldus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Analyzing a recent case of the church’s involvement in a geothermal project in Wae Sano, Flores, Indonesia, from an ecclesiological point of view, this article aims to demonstrate one formidable obstacle to the realization of the vision of a synodal church. While many theological reflections following Pope Francis’s pronouncement of the notion of ‘an entirely synodal Church’ have led to the conclusion that synodality is the modus vivendi et operandi of the church that best represents the ecclesiological vision of Vatican ii, the practice in the field can show otherwise. In the case under discussion, the failure to practice synodality is caused by the ecclesial hierarchy’s preference to listen more to the civil authority and other involved institutions at the cost of neglecting the voices of the grassroots community. From the perspective of synodality, it is the voices of ordinary people and their actual experiences that should take precedence.
Monophysitische Kerken te Addis Abeba Bijeen
Authors: van Winsen C.M. G. 
Published: March 2023

Les Eglises monophysites réunies. Addis Abéba
Après une courte description de la Conférence des Eglises monophysites (janv. 1965) l'auteur s'arrête aux décisions prises dont il donne un résumé (le monde moderne et nos Eglises, collaboration dans l'enseignement théologique, évangélisation, rapports avec les au tres Eglises etc.).
Derde Panorthodoxe Conferentie Te Rhodos
Authors: Stephanou A.A E. 
Published: March 2023

L' introduction de eet article donne les antécédents de la 3e Conférence panorthodoxe de Rhodes (l’initiative du patriarche de Moscou, la réaction d'Athènes, l'encyclique Ecclesiam suam etc.) et le hut de la réunion (la reprise des entretiens avec les Anglicans et les Vi eux-catholi ques, et l’ouverture du dialogue avec Rome). Ensuite, après une description détaillée de la première séance, I' auteur expose les deux thèses opposées du dialogue: l’ attitude positive du partiarcat oecuménique et la position négativc de Moscou, après quoi il résume les résultats de la Conférence en quatre points.
1) L'une des conclusions est la suivante: entre Moscou et Constantinople l'un des deux doit vaincre pour que dans l’O rthodoxie un seul siège puisse exercer une autorité effective.
2) L' oecuménisme entendu comme aspiration spontanée et vivante. l 'union ne gonfle pas toutes les voiles,. cause d' abord de l'éparpillement et de la réduction des forces orthodoxes, mais aussi du manque assez généralisé d'informations sur la vraie nature de l’ oecuménisme.
3) Malgré les déclarations de. satisfaction" faites un peu de tous les cötés, la 3e Conférence de Rhodes. été une déception pour bien des orthodoxes. Pourtant. l faut avouer qu' elle ne pouvait ni ne devait réal iser davantage. 4) Le texte des "décisions". été. ugé comme. mprécis et flou. Le no., selon lequel chaque Eglise locale. Ie pouvoir de cultiver des relations fraternellcs avec Rome, peut mettre en danger l'unité déjà assez précaire de l'Orthodoxie.
Dekleding op Vroeg-Christelijke en Byzantijnse Afbeeldingen
Authors: Jacobs A.A. A. 
Published: March 2023

Le vêtement dans l’art chrétien primitif et byzantin.
L’art chrétien des dix premiers siècles nous montre des vêtements portés par le Christ, la Theotokos et les Saints. Ces vêtements seront caractéristiques pour les siècles suivants jusqu’à nos jours.
Dans l’article l’auteur ind ique leurs formes typiques et leur sens. Selon les vêtements on distingue les personnes en trois groupes: les palliati, les paenulati et les chlamydati. Pour la chaussure on connaît les sandales et les campagi.
Christendom in Hedendaags Turkije (II)
Authors: Jacob X. 
Published: March 2023

Le christianisme en Turquie auiourd'hui (suite).
Après avoir décrit précédemment les communautés chrétiennes de la Haute­ Mésopotamie, l'auteur aborde, dans Ie présent article, l' est et Ie sud de I' Anatolie et décrit les chrétientés de confessions et de rites divers qui s'y trouvent disséminés. A la différence de la Haute-Mésopotamie, l'est et Ie sud de l'Anatolie comptent des catholiques, dont pas mal de latins. Les diverses communautés vivent en bonne harmonie. Le problème majeur actuel est l'éducation religieuse. Dans Ie passé, elle était assurée par des écoles privées étrangères, maintenant disparues, et Ie christia­ nisme était transmis presqu'uniquement en langues étrangères, que les jeunes d'aujourd'hui ne comprennent plus. On commence. assurer la formation religieuse, la prédication et la liturgie en turc, adaptation qui demandera encore un certain temps et favorisera les contacts entre chrétiens ainsi que les relations avec Ie monde musulman.
La région de la Mer Noire ne compte que quelques îlots chrétiens insignifiants par suite de l'échange des populations stipulé par Ie traîté de Lausanne (1923).
De Functie van de Wet in Het Leven van de Kerk
Authors: Rodopoulos P. 
Published: March 2023

La fonction de la loi dans ie vie de l'Eglise
Dans ce court article l'auteur se pose la question si l'Eglise favorise la vie spirituelle des chrétiens en se prononçant, par des décisions et des décrets détaillés, sur toutes sortes de problèmes de foi et de vie. Sa réponse est claire. Conformément à la tradition de l'Eglise indivise, l'autorité ecclésiastique ne doit donner son jugement que sur des questions d'intérêt vital pour le peuple de Dieu. En respectant ce principe l'Eglise évitera le risque d'être contrainte, par le développement des idées, de révoquer les décisions du passé. En même temps elle exclura le langer que la foi et la vie chrétiennes revêtent un caractère trop juridique.
De Voltooiing Van Het Schisma Constantinopel En Het Westen In De 17e Eeuw
Authors: Slot B. J. 
Published: March 2023

The Completion of the Schism of 1054
When the stmggle between Pro-Roman and Pro-Calvinist elements, which divided the church of Constantinople during the first half of the seventeenth century, had ended in a defeat of both parties, there remained a bankrupt Patriarchate. The bad ha,bitudes of venality of office, that had been stimulated by the struggle, continued in the following years and caused until the end of the century a permanent instability of the Patriarchate, which was governed in this period by a group consisting of the metropolites who had not explicitly taken sides in the previous periods and the increasingly powerful Greek aristocracy of Constantinople. In reaction to previous Calvinistic influences this group stood doctrinally rather close to Rome. But as different conflicts of interests between Constantinople and Rome arose, a need emerged for a clear definition of the theological difference, not only with Calvinism, but also with Rome.
Because of the continuing insta,bility in Constantinople this definition was made under auspices of the patriarch of Jerusalem. Only when stability at Constan tinople was reestaiblished towards the end of the seventeenth century, the patriarohate could make its definitive stand in face of the Western churches, the completion of the schism of 1054.
Het Gebed de Visie van Anthony Bloom
Authors: Al P. 
Published: March 2023

La prière selon Antoine Bioom
Après avoir donné la biographie du métropolite Antoine Bloom, exarque du patriarcat russe en Europe Occidentale, lʼauteur énumère les sources où Bloom a puisé sa spiritualité. Ce sont surtou t des sources patristiques et monastiques, particulièrement celles du monachisme russe. Ses pensées sur Dieu reflètent la théologie mystique de lʼOrthodoxie. Cʼest le Dieu incompréhensible et inconnu dont on ne peut pas se former une image. Par conséquent, la prière humaine se caractérisera par la patience et lʼattitude de lʼattente. Un sentiment dʼardeur religieuse ne se forcera pas. Il faut continuer de prier quand les sentiments ne se manifestent pas. Cʼest pourquoi Bloom insiste sur une grande régularité de la prière. La conception de Bloom sur Dieu semble très bien correspondre avec les tendances sécularisantes dʼaujourdʼhui. Voilà la cause du succès éclatant de ses conférences et de ses livres.
Religieuze Thematiek in de Huidige Sovjetliteratuur
Authors: Lathouwers M. A. 
Published: March 2023

Problématique religieuse dans la littérature soviétique actuelle
En rapport étroit avec le désir croissant dʼune plus grande liberté dans le domaine de la conception du monde et dʼun approfondissement de lʼanthropologie, deux idées maîtresses semblent se dessiner dans la littérature soviétique actuelle. Il y a dʼabord la redécouverte de lʼexistence — celle de lʼhomme et celle de la réalité qui lʼentoure — comme un mystère. Lʼaccent se déplace de lʼ “avoir” à lʼ “être” et, par conséquent, de la spéculation abstraite à lʼexpérience concrète. Ensuite, il y a la redécouverte de la perspective infinie de la vie. La signification ultime de lʼexistence humaine ne peut pas être déduite des objectifs qui dominent la vie de la société, mais se situe au-delà de tout ce qui peut se penser. Même si lʼon ne veut pas immédiatement qualifier ces deux idées fondamentales comme religieuses, elles pourraient être dites pleines de promesses. Elles prouvent que le désir humain de lʼinfini ne laisse pas se résoudre en des objectifs finis.
Het Sociale Ethos van de Byzantijnse Kerk
Authors: Van Der Aalst A. J. 
Published: March 2023

LʼEthique sociale de lʼEglise byzantine
On a souvent reproché à lʼEglise byzantine un manque dʼengagement social. Les opinions à ce sujet, même à lʼintérieur de lʼorthodoxie, sont divergentes. On peut relever un grand nombre dʼinstitutions sociales qui ont pris naissance durant lʼépoque byzantine. Elles témoignent dʼune grande activité sociale. Les motifs de cette activité sont enracinés dans la vie chrétienne, la charité et la pensée de 1a rétribution dans lʼau-delà. La recherche dʼun salut spirituel et individuel et la fuite du monde ont certainement enrayé cette activité. Lʼéthique était souvent dirigée moins vers la responsabilité envers le monde que vers un renoncement au monde. Par ailleurs, la pensée de la rétribution dans lʼautre vie pouvait être un motif puissant pour sʼengager et lʼéloignement du monde impliquait aussi un refus de la richesse. Les chrétiens byzantins nʼavaient pas dʼyeux pour un changement structurel. Mais dans un jugement dʼensemble lʼabsence dʼidées révolutionnaires ne doit pas nous rendre aveugles pour lʼévolution qui a eu lieu.
Sociale en Godsdienstige Bewegingen in de Sovjet-Unie
Authors: Matchett Kathleen 
Published: March 2023

Social and religious movements in the Soviet Union
There is considerable unrest in the Soviet Union today on many fronts. This may be expressed in anti-social activity, in petty reformism, or in what is often called the ”democratic movement“. There is also a movement within the Christian Churches for true religious liberty. Between the democratic movement and the religious dissent movement, there is a considerable overlap and interaction. This overlap is seen most clearly in certain individuals, such as Shafarevich and Barabanov. It is even possible that the democratie movement is playing a role in drawing religious activists from different confessions together.