bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of downburst wind characteristics using the Doppler profiler and near-ground measurements
Authors: He Yinghou , Cai Jiahan , He Xiaojing , Chan Pakwai , Fu Jiyang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A downburst is a strong downdraft that causes radiating, catastrophic winds at or near the ground. Relevant research conducted in the past decades shows that downbursts not only bring damage to the built environment but also have surprisingly destructive effects on aircraft and other flying objects. However, due to the complexity of atmospheric phenomena and limited measurement datasets, many uncertainties remain to be clarified in the understanding and modelling of the downburst wind field. To further explore the evolution characteristics of thunderstorms, this study uses data recorded during thunderstorms by a Doppler profiler of the Hong Kong Observatory and a near-ground anemometer installed at the Hong Kong International Airport to conduct a detailed feature analysis of the vertical profile and turbulence characteristics of downbursts within the atmospheric boundary layer. Based on long-term field measurements during thunderstorm events, the occurrence of a thunderstorm should be determined by a combination of simultaneous variations in multiple meteorological factors, including wind speed and direction, vertical wind speed, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). During thunderstorms, extreme wind speeds occurred in the lower atmosphere and the height of the local peaks seems to be stable in the thunderstorm wind profiles. In addition, both methods, which consider a constant mean component (stationary) and a slowly varying mean component (non-stationary), are used to decompose the measured wind speed and are then compared to investigate the turbulence characteristics of downbursts. It is found that although the gust factor and turbulence intensity show some deviation due to the influence of atmospheric stratification instability, this effect does not appear to be reflected in the turbulence integral scale.
Concordance and deviations of the PDX tumors from the primary tumors of NSCLC patients: effects of murine fibroblasts on low engraftment rates
Authors: Lee Jinseon , Seo Chae Hwa , Kim Bo Kyung , Lee Jung Hee , Kang Jung Hee , Kim Sung-Hyun , Cho Minseob , Kim Hong Kwan , Cho Jong Ho , Choi Yong Soo , Shin Sumin , Choi Young-Ae , Song Hyun Kuk , Park Min Young , Jang Hye Yoon , Lee Sanghyuk , Son Dae-Soon , Lee Jong-Eun , Kim Jhingook 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft(PDX) models of primary lung cancer have been reported. However, varying engraftment rates and their underlying mechanisms for specific subtypes of lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma) have not been studied. The authors prepared subcutaneous tumors grown in NSG™ mice with primary tumors of lung cancer patients to develop lung cancer PDX models. Pathological features of the subcutaneous tumors were compared with those of the patients. One hundred seventeen lung cancer PDX models retaining the original pathologic features were obtained from 642 primary lung cancer patients. Nineteen PDX tumors and the corresponding patient tumors, representing three subtypes of cell lung cancer, were selected and analyzed with in-depth genomic and transcriptomic profiling. Results showed the PDX tumors retained most of the somatic and oncogenic mutations with limited levels of additional xenograft-specific mutations. Significant downregulation of the genes involved in hypoxia-associated angiogenesis was found compared with the corresponding human tumors. This downregulation was associated with murine fibroblasts in the PDX tumor microenvironment, which might be an important factor in low engraftment rates in primary lung cancer PDX models.
Joint parameter and time-delay estimation for a class of Wiener models based on a new orthogonal least squares algorithm
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Liu Yanjun , Zhu Quanmin , Chen Jing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This paper focuses on the identification of multiple inputs Wiener systems with piecewise-linear nonlinearity. The main objective is to jointly estimate the parameters and time-delays by using limited samples when the system orders are unknown. In order to identify the over-parameterized sparse system under the framework of greedy method, a Householder transformation-based greedy orthogonal least squares algorithm is proposed. In this scheme, the active columns of the information matrix are selected one by one according to a new greedy strategy, then the Householder transformation is employed to maintain an upper-triangular structure for the sub-information matrix, the back-substitution method is adopted to avoid the matrix inversion. Thus the problem of ill-conditioning frequently appears in nonlinear models can be eliminated. The Bayesian information criterion is used to choose the optimal sparsity level. Numerical experiments show that this new scheme can achieve almost optimal generalization performance while requiring less observations than the traditional schemes.
Stability and chaos of the duopoly model of Kopel: A study based on symbolic computations
Authors: Li Xiaoliang , Chen Kongyan , Niu Wei , Huang Bo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since Kopel's duopoly model was proposed about three decades ago, there are almost no analytical results on the equilibria and their stability in the asymmetric case. The first objective of our study is to fill this gap. This paper analyzes the asymmetric duopoly model of Kopel analytically by using several tools based on symbolic computations. We discuss the possibility of the existence of multiple positive equilibria and establish necessary and sufficient conditions for a given number of positive equilibria to exist. The possible positions of the equilibria in Kopel's model are also explored. Furthermore, in the asymmetric model of Kopel, if the duopolists adopt the best response reactions or homogeneous adaptive expectations, we establish rigorous conditions for the local stability of equilibria for the first time. The occurrence of chaos in Kopel's model seems to be supported by observations through numerical simulations, which, however, is challenging to prove rigorously. The second objective is to prove the existence of snapback repellers in Kopel's map, which implies the existence of chaos in the sense of Li–Yorke according to Marotto's theorem.
Adjuvant radiotherapy may not confer survival benefit for cT1-2N1M0 breast cancer patients who undergo surgical treatment following neoadjuvant chemotherapy: an analysis based on SEER
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhao Jie , Chang Hui , Yan Lijuan , zhang Jinru , Ning Peng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The guidelines for postoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer are mainly based on studies of patients who received initial surgical treatment. However, with the widespread use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the potential benefit of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with cT1-2N1M0 has been a subject of controversy. Therefore, determining whether postoperative radiotherapy provides a survival benefit for this group of patients can guide doctors in their postoperative treatment decisions.
Methods
Clinical data of 1092 female patients with cT1-2N1M0 breast cancer who received NAC treatment were retrospectively analyzed from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. After propensity score matching (PSM), the impact of postoperative radiotherapy on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was compared, and subgroup analysis was performed. Finally, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to explore the potential risk factors for OS and CSS in patients with cT1-2N1M0 breast cancer.
Results
Regardless of PSM status, compared to no postoperative radiotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy was associated with improved OS in cT-2N1MO breast cancer patients who received NAC (10-year OS rate, PSM pre: 78.7% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.015; PSM post: 83.1% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.021). However, postoperative radiotherapy did not confer a benefit in CSS for female cT1-2N1MO breast cancer patients who received NAC, regardless of PSM status (10-year CSS rate, PSM pre: 81.4% vs. 76.2%, P = 0.085; PSM post: 85.8% vs. 76.2%, P = 0.076). Subgroup analyses revealed that radiotherapy improved CSS in the 2010–2012 diagnosis (HR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.25–0.98, P = 0.043) and right-sided (HR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.98, P = 0.045) subgroups. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that factors associated with poor OS included ≥ 4 positive lymph nodes, HR-/HER2-, and no postoperative radiotherapy, while in multivariate Cox regression analysis, only ≥ 4 positive lymph nodes and HR-/HER2- were significant independent factors associated with reduced OS. Factors associated with poor CSS in univariate Cox regression analysis included black and other races, 1–3 positive lymph nodes, ≥ 4 positive lymph nodes, and HR-/HER2-. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, these factors remained significant independent factors associated with reduced CSS.
Conclusion
Our study results suggest that additional postoperative radiotherapy may not confer a survival benefit in cT1-2N1MO patients who received NAC. This still needs to be confirmed by more prospective randomized controlled trials.
Multiomics analysis to explore blood metabolite biomarkers in an Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort
Authors: Oka Takaki , Matsuzawa Yuki , Tsuneyoshi Momoka , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Aoshima Ken , Tsugawa Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that commonly causes dementia. Identifying biomarkers for the early detection of AD is an emerging need, as brain dysfunction begins two decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. To this end, we reanalyzed untargeted metabolomic mass spectrometry data from 960 patients enrolled in the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort using MS-DIAL, with 1,304,633 spectra of 39,108 unique biomolecules. Metabolic profiles of 93 hydrophilic metabolites were determined. Additionally, we integrated targeted lipidomic data (4,873 samples from 1,524 patients) to explore candidate biomarkers for predicting progressive mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) in patients diagnosed with AD within two years using the baseline metabolome. Patients with lower ergothioneine levels had a 19% higher rate of AD progression (log-rank test, P = 0.002). Furthermore, an increase in ganglioside (GM3) and decrease in plasmalogen lipids, many of which are associated with apolipoprotein E polymorphism, were confirmed in AD patients, and the higher levels of GM3 d18:1/20:0 and lysophosphatidylcholine (18:1) showed 19% and 24% higher rates of AD progression, respectively (log-rank test: P = 5.7×10− 9 and 6.2×10− 9). Oleamide, diacylglycerols, plasmalogen lipids, and glycochenodeoxycholic acid were also identified as significantly altered metabolites at baseline in patients with pMCI. Results of a metabolite genome-wide association study showed a low correlation between these metabolites and known genetic risk factors for AD, suggesting that metabolomics is essential to complement genomic data. In conclusion, the reanalysis of multiomics data provides new insights to detect early development of AD pathology and to partially understand metabolic changes in age-related onset of AD.
Dependence on Under-Coordinated Pt at the Surface of Layered PtTe2 in the Decomposition of Methanol
Authors: Hsueh Jing-Wen , Kuo Lai-Hsiang , Chen Po-Han , Chen Wan-Hsin , Chuang Chi-Yao , Kuo Chia-Nung , Lue Chin Shan , Lai Yu-Ling , Liu Bo-Hong , Wang Chia-Hsin , Hsu Yao-Jane , Lin Chun-Liang , Chou Jyh-Pin , Luo Meng-Fan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Decomposition of adsorbed methanol (CH3OH) was activated on under-coordinated Pt (denoted as Ptuc), produced by removing Te, at layered PtTe2 surface. Both dehydrogenation and C-O bond scission occurred, resulting in the formation of intermediates CHxO* (x = 2, 3; * denotes adsorbates) and CHx* (x = 1, 2) and ultimately the production of gaseous molecular hydrogen, methane, water and formaldehyde. We observed a great reaction probability (> 90 %) on the Ptuc sites and a catalytic selectivity dependent on the Ptuc concentration. Approximately 60 % of the methanol decomposed to CHxO* and 35 % to CHx* at small Ptuc concentrations (£ 10 %); nevertheless, with increased Ptuc concentration (> 10 %), both the probability of decomposition to CHxO* and the production of gaseous formaldehyde were selectively decreased. We propose the characteristic reactivity at small Ptuc concentrations arises from both the triangular positioning and varied degrees of oxidation of surface Ptuc.
Order-supplementary finite-time trajectory tracking control of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Wang Guodong , Wang Xiangyu , Li Shihua , Lu Kunfeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the finite-time position trajectory tracking control problem of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Different from the standard inner-outer-loop control scheme, the proposed finite-time controller is constructed with an order-supplementary mechanism. Concretely, some virtual extended states with second-order dynamics are utilized in the controller design of the quadrotor's position-loop subsystem, to replace the original state error feedback part. Then, the adding a power integrator technique is used in the establishment of the virtual state dynamics, such that the position closed-loop subsystem achieves the trajectory tracking in finite time. Meanwhile, the attitude command references are directly formulated from the virtual extended states. Moreover, to deal with the problems of quadrotor disturbances or unknown velocities, some finite-time observers are combined in the proposed approach to obtain and compensate/replace the disturbances/unknown velocities. Compared with the existing results, the proposed order-supplementary finite-time trajectory tracking approach can remove the use of the filters in the attitude command resolution and realize the strict finite-time convergence. Thrust control inputs for the position-loop subsystem can be adjusted more flexibly by setting the initial values of the virtual states. In addition, the finite-time velocity observer provided in this paper takes aerodynamic damping into account and has more accurate observations in practice. Some simulations are given to validate the effects of the proposed approach.
Inverse Association of Dietary Consumption of n3 and n6 Fatty Aids with Hyperuricemia among Adults
Authors: Sun Yuxin , Zhang Chao , Xin Xiangrong , Yu Haihong , Lin Yue , Ma Fei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The precise link between dietary consumption of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia remains equivocal. Accordingly, the purpose of the current investigation is to clarify any possible associations between the consumption of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia in the context of American adults.
Materials and methods
The present investigation employed a cross-sectional design, comprising a sample of 21,120 American adults above the age of 20 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) waves between 2007 and 2016. The dietary consumption of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids was measured through two 24-h dietary recall interviews. To assess the relationships of dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids with hyperuricemia, we applied multivariable logistic regression, t tests, chi-square tests, and restricted cubic spline. To determine the robustness of our findings, sensitivity analyses were also carried out.
Results
The results of the multivariable logistic regression models indicated a significant correlation between dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia. The ORs with 95% CIs of hyperuricemia for the highest tertile versus lowest tertile of dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids were 0.76 (0.66, 0.88) (p < 0.001) and 0.72 (0.64, 0.82) (p < 0.001), respectively. Moreover, dose‒response analyses revealed a linear relationship between n-3 and n-6 fatty acid consumption and the risk of hyperuricemia.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate a significant inverse correlation between the dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia in the US adult population. Notably, there was no significant relationship between the n6:n3 ratio and hyperuricemia.
Impact of the Omicron strain on febrile convulsions in children: A single-center observational study
Authors: Nagasawa Masayuki , Shimoyama Teruyoshi , Hashimoto Sayuri , Nakagawa Ryuichi , Yokoyama Haruna , Okada Mari , Udagawa Tomohiro , Oshiba Akihiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
<Purpose>
The emergence of the Omicron strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the end of December 2021 has drastically increased the number of infected children in Japan, along with the number of children with febrile convulsions. However, impact of the Omicron strain on the febrile convulsions in children is not clear.
<Methods>
We compared the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children hospitalized with febrile convulsions with the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with fever and respiratory symptoms without convulsions.
<Results>
In 2021 and 2022, 49 and 58 children, respectively, required emergency hospitalization for febrile convulsions (FC group), in which 24 and 38 children underwent a Filmarray respiratory panel ® test (FA test) and quantitative antigen test for SARS-CoV-2, respectively. In 2022, only six patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (10.3%, 6/58). As a reference group, 655 children aged < 10 years who underwent the FA test for fever and respiratory symptoms during the same period were investigated, and 4 (1.8%, 4/223) and 42 (9.7%, 42/432) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV) was the most frequently detected virus, followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus 3 (PI3); no significant difference in the trend of detected viruses was observed between the two groups.
<Conclusions>
The frequency of febrile convulsions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection of the Omicron strain in children may be similar to that of other common respiratory viruses.
Bacterial community and diversity in the rumen of 11 Mongolian cattle as revealed by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing
Authors: Jia Yijiu , Shi Yali , Qiao Huiyan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Through microorganisms in the rumen of ruminant, plant fiber can be converted to edible food such as meat and milk. This function is dependent on the microbe in the rumen. Ruminant have a rich and complex microbial community within the rumen, and the bacteria comprise the dominant proportion of the ruminal microbes. High-throughput sequencing offers a viable solution for the study of rumen microbes. In this study, rumen fluid samples were taken from 11 cattle from Inner Mongolian, the DNA of 11 rumen fluid samples were extracted and the V4 regions of 16Sr DNA amplicon sequenced. More than 90,000 raw reads and 60,000 effect Tags per sample were obtained. We observed 28,122 overall operational taxonomic units (2,557 ± 361 per sample), Bacteroidetes (44.41 ± 7.31%), Firmicutes (29.07 ± 3.78%), and Proteobacteria (7.18 ± 5.63%) were the dominant phyla in rumen bacteria, accounting for 82%. At the genus level, the highest relative abundance is Prevotella. We further predicted their functions using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The result showed that they include metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing and cellular processes. It explored the bacterial community diversity and composition of the rumen of Mongolian cattle. On the whole, our research showed that there was a high diversity of rumen bacteria in Mongolian cattle. Meanwhile, these findings provided information for further studies on the relationship between the community, diversity, functions of rumen bacteria and the nutritional physiological functions of the host.
Adults with Autistic Spectrum Condition benefit and enjoy learning via social interaction as much as neurotypical adults do
Authors: De Felice Sara , Hatilova Anna , Trojan F. , Tsui I. , Hamilton A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: People with Autistic Spectrum Condition (ASC) show poor processing of social signals (i.e. about the social world). But how do they learn via social interaction?
Methods: 68 neurotypicals adults and 60 adults with ASC learned about obscure items (e.g. exotic animals) over zoom i) in live video-call with the teacher, ii) from a recorded learner-teacher interaction video and iii) from a recorded teacher-alone video. Data was analysed via analysis of variance and multi-level regression models.
Results: Live-teaching provided the most optimal learning condition, with no difference between groups. Enjoyment was the strongest predictor of learning: both groups enjoyed significantly more in live interaction and reported similar level of anxiety across conditions.
Limitations: Some of our participants in the ASC group were self-diagnosed – however, further analysis where these participants were excluded showed the same results. Recruiting participants over online platforms may attract people who are generally keen to participate in a social interactive experiments, including a potential bias in our sample. Future work should investigate this question in a sample recruited via diverse sources (e.g. schools).
Conclusions: These findings strongly advocate for a distinction between learning about the social versus learning via the social: models of ASC should be revisited to consider social interaction not just as a puzzle to de-code, rather a medium through which people, including neuro-diverse groups, experience the world around them.
Trail registration: Part of this work has been pre-registered before data collection https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5PGA3
Simultaneous determination of ruscogenin, neoruscogenin, trimebutin, and parabens in cream formulation by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)
Authors: Özen Gürkan , Nemutlu Emirhan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A simple and rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for analysis of ruscogenin (RUS), neoruscogenin (NRUS), trimebutine (TB), methylparaben (MP) propylparaben (PP) in pharmaceutical preparations has been developed and validated. In this study, a RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of RUS, NRUS, TB, MP and PP and applied for analysis of pharmaceutical cream formulations. ACE C18 Column 121-2546 (250x4.6 mm) was used at 25 °C and gradient elution was performed with mobile phase consisting of a mixture of ACN:Buffer (pH:3.9). RUS, NRUS, TB, MP and PP eluted within 17 minutes. Peak homogeneity data of RUS, NRUS, TB, MP and PP in the pharmaceutical cream samples peaks obtained using photodiode array detector, in the cream sample chromatograms, demonstrated the specificity of the method. The developed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. Linear ranges were 1.00, 5.00, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 150 μg/mL for MP, RUS and 5.00 – 10.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 150, 200 μg/mL for NRUS, PP and 10.0-25.0, 50.0, 100, 150, 200 μg/mL for TB. Validation parameters, such as stability, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, recovery, robustness and ruggedness were evaluated according to ICH guidelines and the method was simple, rapid, selective, sensitive, accurate, precise, robust and rugged. We developed a fast, low-cost RP-HPLC method with time of 17 minutes for simultaneous analysis of RUS, NRUS, TB and preservatives (MP and PP) in pharmaceutical preparations with semi-solid dosage form. The developed method was successfully applied for the quantification of RUS, NRUS, TB and preservatives (MP and PP) in pharmaceutical preparations with semi-solid dosage form. The detection limit of the method was 0.07, 0.28, 0.07, 0.45, 0.02 µg mL–1 respectively for MP, TB, PP, NRUS and RUS.