bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of different transformer-less inverter topologies for grid-connected PV systems
Authors: Alam Md Aftab , Prasad S V A V , Asim Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Transformerless Photovoltaic (PV) inverters are gaining popularity compared to their transformer-based counterparts. They are more efficient, cost-effective, and smaller in volume. Despite this, parasitic capacitance causes the common mode current to flow between the PV array and the grid. In addition to losses, leakage current increases electromagnetic interference (EMI) and poses issues to the protection system. Transformerless inverters should therefore be so designed that the leakage current is minimized. Common mode voltage changes (VCM) causes the leakage current. There are a number of PV inverter topologies that have been designed to minimize these variations. This paper discusses H4, H5 and HERIC single-phase PV inverter topologies. Circuit simulations have been used for analysis. HERIC Topology is best one of these since it reduces the leakage current with lowest power loss due to ac bypass instead of usual dc side decoupling. It is a type of resonant converter that operates at high frequencies to achieve efficient power conversion. In this work comparison has been made between topologies for their effectiveness in reducing leakage current. Moreover, its variation with load has been studied, a perspective missed in other studies.
Investigation of physical, Di-electric and hydrophobicity properties of roystonea regia/banana fibre polyester composites in both alkali treated and untreated conditions
Authors: Anand H R , Goud Govardhan , Kuldeep B 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Natural fibre-based hybrid composites have attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to their potential as environmentally friendly substitutes for synthetic fibres. When two or more types of natural fibres are combined to form a hybrid, the resulting material can have novel electrical properties. The study of Roystonea Regia fibre with other natural fibres as hybridization is very scarce, so in this context, the physical, di-electric and hydrophobicity properties of Roystonea Regia/Banana fibre hybrid composites have been studied. Experiments are conducted to demonstrate the dielectric strength, hardness, and hydrophobicity of polyester composites reinforced with a hybrid of Roystonea-Regia fibres and banana fibres in both treated and untreated conditions. This goal is reached through the fabrication of hybrid composites with varying proportions via the hand-lay-up technique and subsequent testing. The composition of 15% Roystonea-Regia alkali-treated polyester composites has a dielectric strength of 2.5 kV mm−1 in air, which is much lower than that of the untreated composites, which is 12.2 kV mm−1. Due to the increase in soaking time, percentage of hydroxyl group in treated fibres increases, which in turn reduced the dielectric strength. And also, the dielectric constant and electrical conductivity vary with the change in frequency. The alkali-treated fibre shows an increase in Shore D hardness when compared with the untreated fibres. The highest contact angle of 88.85° for 10% Roystonea-Regia fibre and 5% Banana fibre was observed, whereas the lowest contact angle of 65.14° was observed for 5% Roystonea-Regia fibre and 10% Banana fibre.
The effects of a salutogenic strength-based intervention on sense of coherence and health outcomes of dementia family carers: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yu Doris Sau Fung , Cheng Sheung-Tak , Chow Estlher Oi-Wah , Kwok Timothy , McCormack Brendan , Wu Wenmiao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Dementia caregiving is associated with notable impacts on the health of family carers. Although sense of coherence (SOC), as a core dimension of inner strength, has been found to have health-protecting effects in stressful encounters, few studies have designed a strength-based intervention to optimise SOC and thereby the health of carers.

Objectives
To identify the effects of a strength-based intervention on SOC, coping, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), perceived burden and depression among Chinese family carers of people with dementia and to examine whether the health effects, if any, are mediated through an enhanced SOC and effective coping.

Design
A double-blind randomised controlled trial comparing a strengths-based intervention with a general education control.

Intervention
A 14-session strengths-based intervention which combined the use of narrative and empowerment strategies to support the carers of people with dementia to optimise the use of their generalised resistance resources in coping with the caregiving situation.

Setting
Older people community centres in Hong Kong.

Results
A total of 350 family carers participated in the study (mean age: 65.0 (SD = 12.3); female: 84.6%). Participants who received the strength-based intervention reported significantly greater improvements in their SOC, mental health, perceived burden and depression, than those in the education group, over a 22-week evaluation period. Path analysis models revealed that an SOC wholly mediated the relationship between the strength-based intervention and mental HRQoL (covering energy/vitality and psychosocial functioning) and partially mediated the relationship between the strength-based intervention and depression. We did not identify any harm from the intervention.

Conclusion
A strength-based intervention is effective in improving the perceived burden and mental health of family caregivers of persons with dementia, and an SOC plays an important role in accounting for the mental health benefits.

Trial registration
The trial was registered in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (Main ID: ChiCTR-IIC-17011097).
Differential patterns of within- and between-population genetically based trait variation in Lupinus angustifolius
Authors: Poyatos Cristina , Sacristán-Bajo Sandra , Tabarés Pablo , Prieto-Benítez Samuel , Teso María Luisa Rubio , Torres Elena , Morente-López Javier , Lara-Romero Carlos , Iriondo José María , Fernández Alfredo García- 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and aims
Within-population genetic and phenotypic variation play a key role in the development of adaptive responses to environmental change. Between-population variation is also an essential element in assessing the evolutionary potential of species in response to changes in environmental conditions. In this context, common garden experiments are a useful tool to separate the genetic and environmental components of phenotypic variation. We aimed to assess within- and between-population phenotypic variation of Lupinus angustifolius L. in terms of its evolutionary potential to adapt to ongoing climate change.

Methods
We evaluated populations’ phenotypic variation of foliar, phenological and reproductive traits with a common garden experiment. Patterns of functional trait variation were assessed with (1) mixed model analyses and coefficients of variation (CVs) with confidence intervals, (2) principal component analyses (PCAs) and (3) correlations between pairs of traits. Analyses were performed at the population level (four populations) and at the latitude level (grouping pairs of populations located in two latitudinal ranges).

Key Results
Phenotypic variation had a significant genetic component associated with a latitudinal pattern. (1) Mixed models found lower specific leaf area, advanced flowering phenology and lower seed production of heavier seeds in southern populations, whereas CV analyses showed lower within-latitude variation especially in phenological and reproductive traits in southern populations. (2) PCAs showed a clearer differentiation of phenotypic variation between latitudes than between populations. (3) Correlation analyses showed a greater number of significant correlations between traits in southern populations (25 vs. 13).

Conclusions
Between-population phenotypic variation was determined by contrasting temperature and drought at different latitude and elevation. Southern populations had differential trait values compatible with adaptations to high temperatures and drought. Moreover, they had lower within-population variation and a greater number of trait correlations probably as a result of these limiting conditions, making them more vulnerable to climate change.
Incidence and evolutionary relevance of autotriploid cytotypes in a relict member of the genusDaphne(Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Gajdošová Zuzana , Svitok Marek , Cetlová Veronika , Mártonfiová Lenka , Kučera Jaromír , Kolarčik Vladislav , Hurdu Bogdan-Iuliu , Sîrbu Ioana-Minodora , Turisová Ingrid , Turis Peter , Slovák Marek 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOdd ploidy-level cytotypes in sexually reproducing species are considered a dead end due to absent or reduced fertility. If sterility is only partial, however, their contribution to the population gene pool can be augmented by longevity and clonal growth. To test this, we investigated the cytotype origin and spatial pattern, and pollen viability in three relict shrub species of the genus Daphne (Thymelaeaceae Juss.) in central Europe. Daphne cneorum subsp. cneorum is a widespread European species that has a broad ecological amplitude, whereas D. cneorum subsp. arbusculoides and D. arbuscula are narrow endemics of the western Pannonian Plain and the Western Carpathians, respectively. Our study confirmed that all three taxa are diploid. However, of more than a thousand analysed individuals of D. cneorum subsp. cneorum, five in four different populations were triploid. Our data indicate that these triploids most likely originate from recurrent autopolyploidization events caused by the fusion of reduced and unreduced gametes. High pollen viability was observed in all three taxa and in both diploid and triploid cytotypes, ranging from 65 to 100 %. Our study highlights the significant role of odd ploidy-level cytotypes in interploidy gene flow, calling for more research into their reproduction, genetic variability, and overall fitness. Interestingly, while the endemic D. arbuscula differs from D. cneorum based on genetic and genome size data, D. cneorum subsp. arbusculoides was indistinguishable from D. cneorum subsp. cneorum. However, our study reveals that the subspecies differ in the number of flowers per inflorescence. This is the first comprehensive cytogeographic study of this intriguing genus at a regional scale, and in spite of its karyological stability, it contributes to our understanding of genomic evolution in plant species with a wide ecological amplitude.
X—Ethics and the First-Person Perspective
Authors: Boyle Matthew 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It is sometimes claimed that each of us has a special ‘first-person perspective’ on our own mind. It is also sometimes claimed that each of us confronts questions about what to do from a distinctively ‘agent-centred’ standpoint. This essay argues that the analogies between these claims are not just superficial, but point to the importance, in both cases, of a representational structure that sets ‘first-person’ awareness apart from external or ‘third-person’ awareness. I describe this structure and show its importance in clarifying some well-known claims about the importance of the agent’s standpoint in ethics.
Devil's Advocate: Evidence-Based Recommendation for “One Breast–One Insertion Funnel” Policy
Authors: Montemurro Paolo , Gupta Tarush 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Rates of capsular contracture have reduced significantly since the use of insertion funnels to place breast implants became routine. However, due to financial constraints, the same funnel is usually used for implantation of both sides.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine whether the risk of capsular contracture is higher for the second breast when the same insertion funnel is used for both breasts.

Methods
The authors collected a sample of the insertion funnel tip immediately after removing the funnel from its sterile packaging and another tip sample after the funnel had been used to insert the first implant. These samples were sent for microbiological culture evaluations. Capsular contracture rates in the first implanted breast vs the second implanted breast were then retrospectively analyzed.

Results
All samples taken from the funnel before the first implantation showed no bacterial growth. All 10 samples taken from the funnel after the first implantation showed organism growth (8 were positive for Staphylococcus epidermidis and 2 for Cutibacterium acnes). Retrospective analysis of the results revealed that the overall capsular contracture rate had reduced after the authors began to use insertion funnels. However, this complication was still more common on the second implanted breast.

Conclusions
Surgeons should consider the use of separate insertion funnels for each breast. This might help to slightly reduce the incidence of capsular contracture.
See the abstract translated into Hindi, Portuguese, Korean, German, Italian, Arabic, and Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) online here: https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjad288.

Level of Evidence: 4
281 A Review of the Accuracy of Rectus Sheath Catheter Placement Following Laparotomy
Authors: Waddell K S , Nevins E J , McCallum I J D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
Rectus sheath catheters (RSC) deliver local anaesthetic to post-operative laparotomy wounds. Optimum positioning for RSC’s is in the retro-rectus space. They aim to reduce post-operative pain and have a lower side effect profile than epidural analgesia. This audit reviews positioning of RSC in post-operative laparotomy patients at Northumbria Healthcare Trust.

Method
NELA patients who had open laparotomy or laparoscopic converted to open procedures between 1st December 2021 to September 2022 were considered for inclusion. Patients who had RSC and had a post-operative CT scan within the first 3 post-operative days were identified.

Results
105 patients (68%) had RSC inserted. 11 (10.5%) patients with RSC placed had post-operative imaging within 3 days. CT images were reviewed assessing the position of RSCs. One patient had bilateral RSC correctly placed. Of the total individual RSC’s (22) on imaging, 9 were correctly positioned, 9 incorrectly positioned, and 4 not identified when reviewing CT images. All of those incorrectly positioned were identified in the subcutaneous fat.

Conclusions
At Northumbria Healthcare Trust, RSC are inserted by surgeons and not ultrasound guided. This audit highlighted that they are mostly placed in the incorrect position. A method of inserting RSC more accurately, such as use of ultrasound under direct vision, may help to improve overall positioning of RSC. Further research is needed to assess if correctly placed RSC would result in lower analgesic requirements and improved post-operative recovery.
860 Intra-Operative Tourniquet Use in Elective Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery – Do We Accept or Reject Guidelines? (A Multi-Centre Clinical Audit)
Authors: Hammond R , Yunus A , Aboutourabi M , Bally D , Igah I , Mann H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
Pneumatic tourniquets are used in Trauma & Orthopaedic (T&O) surgery to provide a bloodless field. Their use can give rise to preventable complications. British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma and Orthopaedics (BOAST) 2021 guidelines aim to improve tourniquet safety, highlighting strict documentation and pressure based on intra-operative blood pressure.
We evaluated intra-operative tourniquet use in elective T&O surgeries across 3 centres in North London, focusing on adherence to BOAST guidelines.

Method
One month of elective T&O surgeries employing tourniquet were reviewed, totalling 88 cases (17 upper limb, 71 lower limb). Tourniquet pressure ranges were calculated from anaesthetist intra-operative blood pressure records. Tourniquet documentation was retrieved from scrub-nurse, anaesthetist, and surgeon operative records. Adherence to BOAST guidelines was assessed.

Results
14.0% of surgeon notes did not comment on tourniquet use and 86% had incomplete documentation. 97.6% of nursing notes had incomplete documentation.
Average tourniquet pressure was 237 mmHg (SD ± 21.6) and 261.7 mmHg (SD ± 25.3) for upper and lower limb surgery, respectively. Upper limb tourniquet pressure was above guideline recommendations in 70% of cases. Mean pressure was 12.5 mmHg above calculated maximal pressure (95% CI -7.98 - 32.98; P = 0.22). Half (47.5%) of lower limb pressures were above maximal calculated pressure. Tourniquet pressure was on average 5.6 mmHg above guidelines (95% CI -4.12 - 15.26, P = 0.26).

Conclusions
Tourniquet use is poorly documented, which does not comply with BOAST guidance. Inappropriately high torniquet pressures may lead to preventable complications. Education on current guidelines is pertinent to improve adherence to national standards.
Simultaneous Determination of Three Flavonoids in Rat Plasma of Masson Pinus Needles (Pinus massoniana L.) Extracts by UHPLC-MS/MS and Application to Pharmacokinetics Studies after Oral and Transdermal Administration
Authors: Xia Chenjie , Zhu Hongliu , Hu Changhui , Liu Jie , Hua Haibing , Yang Jianqiu , Chen Zhipeng , Gao Yihong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pinus massoniana needles, a traditional herb, were applied to prevent hair loss in China. Studies available mainly focused on pine needle flavonoids with various biological activities. However, there has been no pharmacokinetics study of the flavonoids from Pinus needles extract. A selective and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously quantify taxifolin, quercetin and catechin in rat plasma. To separate the three constituents, an Agilent Extend-C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) was used with a mobile phrase of (A) 0.1% formic acid and (B) acetonitrile. The analytes were measured by multiple reaction monitoring in the negative ionization mode. There was good linearity in the established UHPLC-MS/MS method, with a coefficient of determination (r2) of &gt;0.99. The accuracy, intra-day and inter-day precision and recovery were all satisfactory and these 3 compounds were stable under the tested conditions. The validated method in this study was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study in healthy rats after oral and transdermal administration of Pinus needles extract. The results could provide further research foundation for pine needle extract as external preparations.
Safety and utility of CardioMEMS device for remote pulmonary artery monitoring in paediatric Fontan patients: a case series
Authors: Bhat Deepti P , Graziano Joseph N , Garn Byron J , Franklin Wayne J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients with single ventricle congenital heart disease who undergo total cavo-pulmonary anastomosis (Fontan surgery) suffer from elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), which leads to multiple adverse sequelae. Traditionally, the Fontan pressures are assessed via invasive haemodynamic catheterization that exposes these medically fragile patients to the risks of vascular injury and anaesthesia. While the CardioMEM remote PAP monitor has been extensively used in adults with heart failure, the safety of this device has not been established in children.

Case summary
We report safety and utility of this device in eight paediatric Fontan patients. Our patients ranged from 9 to 18 years of age. There were no reported complications related to the implantation of the CardioMEMS device in our population.

Discussion
This is the first case series of safety of CardioMEMS device in paediatric Fontan Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation patients. Our experience indicates that the device may be safely utilized for the management of Fontan-related complications in this vulnerable population.
Espionage and the 1935 Press War in Palestine: Revisiting Factionalism, Forgeries and Fake News
Authors: Wagner Steven 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In 1935, Palestinian newspapers published a forged letter alleged to have been sent from pan-Islamist leader, Shakib Arslan, to the Palestinian leader and Mufti of Jerusalem, Amin al-Husayni. The letter indicated that Husayni and Arslan accepted Italian bribes in exchange for pro-Italian articles in the publications they controlled. Italy was widely despised for its treatment of Libyan Muslims, and so exposing this relationship was expected to be controversial. Amid a national debate about Italy’s imminent invasion of Abyssinia, and its role in the Eastern Mediterranean, Husayni’s Palestinian opponents hoped to embarrass him as a sell-out. Both a government official and national leader, Husayni’s true position came to define the Palestinian debate about the national interest: should Palestinians co-operate with one oppressive empire so as to free themselves from another? Relying on multilingual and multinational archival evidence, this article proves that the letter was indeed forged, but based on real intelligence gathered by Husayni’s Palestinian opponents who sought to damage his reputation. It also shows that British intelligence probably encouraged the forgery, hoping to expose and stem Italian propaganda activity. The scheme backfired and accelerated Italian interference in Palestine. It crystalised Husayni’s popularity, as Palestinians believed he could deliver national liberation. They did not care if Italy was involved. This episode shows that British assessments of ‘factional’ Palestinian politics reflected their shallow understanding of these conflicts. Meanwhile, it also sheds unique light on Palestinian espionage and counterintelligence work, and the way in which it empowered Husayni and Arslan.
Risk of depression in patients with acromegaly in Korea (2006-2016): a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Moon Shinje , Hong Sangmo , Han Kyungdo , Park Cheol-Young 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
An increased prevalence of depression has been reported in patients with acromegaly. However, most studies included a relatively small sample size owing to the rarity of acromegaly. We aimed to investigate the risk of depression in patients with acromegaly using the Korean National Health Information Database (NHID).

Methods
The data of patients with acromegaly in 2006-2016 were collected from the rare incurable disease registry of the NHID. Patients with acromegaly were matched with control participants without acromegaly for age and sex in a 1:5 ratio.

Results
Patients who did not receive treatment for acromegaly had a significantly increased risk of depression (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-1.82). However, the risk of depression did not increase in patients who received treatment for acromegaly. The multiple Cox regression analysis showed that the risk of depression was significantly higher in the untreated group than in the control group during the first 3 years of observation (HR: 1.829, 95% CI: 1.305-2.563). However, after a time lag of over 3 years, the risk of depression decreased in the untreated group, which is similar to that in the control group.

Conclusion
Our nationwide study suggests that patients who did not receive treatment for acromegaly have a higher risk of depression compared with controls. The untreated acromegaly patients should be monitored for the development of depression, especially in the early years after diagnosis. These results could serve as a basis for developing screening strategies to mitigate depression in acromegaly patients.