bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kesalahan Penggunaan Huruf Kapital dan Tanda Baca dalam Menulis Tegak Bersambung pada Tema 6 SD Negeri Jombang 05 Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Permatasari Denny Dwi , Satrijono Hari , Kurniasih Fitria 
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the percentage and the factors that influence the use of capital letters, punctuation, and cursive writing errors for second grade students of SD Negeri Jombang 05 Jember. The title of this research is the Error in Using Capital Letters and Punctuation in Upright Concatenated Writing on Theme 6 Class II SD Negeri Jombang 05 Jember Regency. The background of this research is that in cursive writing there are still students' language errors, namely the use of capital letters, punctuation marks, and cursive writing.
This type of research design is qualitative research, while the type of research used is descriptive research. The method used is the interview and documentation method. Data analysis techniques consist of: (1) data reduction; (2) data presentation; and (3) drawing conclusions. The subjects of this study were the second grade students of SD Negeri Jombang 05, Jember Regency, totaling 19 students, 11 male students and 8 female students.The results and discussion in this study indicate that the types of errors consist of: Errors in the use of capital letters in the ability to write cursive are included in the low category with a percentage of 19.84%. Errors in the use of punctuation marks on the ability to write in cursive are included in the low category with a percentage of 25.26%. Writing errors in the form of letters in the ability to write in cursive are included in the very low category with a percentage of 5.16%. The factors that cause errors made by students in the use of capital letters, punctuation marks, and cursive writing are errors and mistakes. The conclusion of this study is that the errors in the use of capital letters, punctuation marks, and writing in cursive, cursive, and overall students are still low.
Water and its Implications for Islamic Beliefs (In the light of the Holy Quran)
Authors: Khalil Ur Rehman  , Fazal wadood  
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to examine and analyses the importance of water in the light of the Holy Quran. Water is essential for survival. Allah mentions in Quran ‘…and we send down from the sky pure water.” Water is a blessing and we as Muslims must appreciate this blessing of Allah.
Detection of Strongly Lensed Arcs in Galaxy Clusters with Transformers
Authors: Jia Peng , Sun Ruiqi , Li Nan , Song Yu , Ning Runyu , Wei Hongyan , Luo Rui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Strong lensing in galaxy clusters probes properties of dense cores of dark matter halos in mass, studies the distant universe at flux levels and spatial resolutions otherwise unavailable, and constrains cosmological models independently. The next-generation large-scale sky imaging surveys are expected to discover thousands of cluster-scale strong lenses, which would lead to unprecedented opportunities for applying cluster-scale strong lenses to solve astrophysical and cosmological problems. However, the large data set challenges astronomers to identify and extract strong-lensing signals, particularly strongly lensed arcs, because of their complexity and variety. Hence, we propose a framework to detect cluster-scale strongly lensed arcs, which contains a transformer-based detection algorithm and an image simulation algorithm. We embed prior information of strongly lensed arcs at cluster scale into the training data through simulation and then train the detection algorithm with simulated images. We use the trained transformer to detect strongly lensed arcs from simulated and real data. Results show that our approach could achieve 99.63% accuracy rate, 90.32% recall rate, 85.37% precision rate, and 0.23% false-positive rate in detection of strongly lensed arcs from simulated images and could detect almost all strongly lensed arcs in real observation images. Besides, with an interpretation method, we have shown that our method could identify important information embedded in simulated data. Next, to test the reliability and usability of our approach, we will apply it to available observations (e.g., DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
6

6

https://www.legacysurvey.org/

) and simulated data of upcoming large-scale sky surveys, such as Euclid
7

7

https://www.euclid-ec.org/

and the China Space Station Telescope.
8

8

https://nao.cas.cn/csst/
Creating the Radius Gap without Mass Loss
Authors: Lee Eve J. , Karalis Amalia , Thorngren Daniel P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The observed exoplanet population features a gap in the radius distribution that separates the smaller super-Earths (≲1.7 Earth radii) from the larger sub-Neptunes (∼1.7–4 Earth radii). While mass-loss theories can explain many of the observed features of this radius valley, it is difficult to reconcile them with the potentially rising population of terrestrials beyond orbital periods of ∼30 days. We investigate the ability of gas accretion during the gas-poor phase of disk evolution to reproduce both the location of the observed radius gap and the existence of long-period terrestrial planets. Updating the analytic scaling relations of gas accretion rate accounting for the shrinking of the bound radius by hydrodynamic effects and deriving a more realistic disk temperature profile, we find that the late-stage gas accretion alone is able to carve out the observed radius gap, with slopes R
gap ∝ P
−0.096 and

R

gap

∝

M

⋆

0.15

for top-heavy; and R
gap ∝ P
−0.089 and

R

gap

∝

M

⋆

0.22

for bottom-heavy core mass distributions, in good agreement with observations. The general morphology of the primordial radius gap is stable against a range of disk gas density and disk accretion rate with the latter affecting mostly the population of large planets (≳3–4 R
⊕). The peaks and valleys in the radius distribution were likely set in place primordially while post-formation mass loss further tunes the exoplanetary population. We provide potential observational tests that may be possible with TESS, PLATO, and Roman Space Telescope.
Emission Line Galaxies in the SHARDS Hubble Frontier Fields. II. Limits on Lyman-continuum Escape Fractions of Lensed Emission Line Galaxies at Redshifts 2 < z < 3.5
Authors: Griffiths Alex , Conselice Christopher J. , Ferreira Leonardo , Ceverino Daniel , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Vega Olga , Rosa-González Daniel , Koekemoer Anton M. , Marchesini Danilo , Rodríguez Espinosa José Miguel , Rodríguez-Muñoz Lucía , Pampliega Belén Alcalde , Terlevich Elena 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present an investigation of escape fractions of UV photons from a unique sample of lensed low-mass emission line–selected galaxies at z < 3.5 found in the SHARDS Hubble Frontier Fields medium-band survey. We have used this deep imaging survey to locate 42 relatively low-mass galaxies down to log (M
*/M
⊙) = 7 in the redshift range 2.4 < z < 3.5 that are candidate line emitters. Using deep multiband Hubble UVIS imaging, we investigate the flux of escaping ionizing photons from these systems, obtaining 1σ upper limits of f
rel
esc ∼ 7% for individual galaxies and <2% for stacked data. We measure potential escaping Lyman-continuum flux for two low-mass line emitters with values at

f

esc

rel

=

0.032

−
0.009

+
0.081

and

0.021

−
0.006

+
0.101

, both detected at the ∼3.2σ level. A detailed analysis of possible contamination reveals a <0.1% probability that these detections result from line-of-sight contamination. The relatively low Lyman-continuum escape fraction limit and the low fraction of systems detected are an indication that low-mass line-emitting galaxies may not be as important a source of reionization as hoped if these are analogs of reionization sources. We also investigate the structures of our galaxy sample, finding no evidence for a correlation of escape fraction with asymmetric structure.
Searching for Candidates of Coalescing Binary Black Holes Formed through Chemically Homogeneous Evolution in GWTC-3
Authors: Qin Ying , Wang Yuan-Zhu , Bavera Simone S. , Wu Shichao , Meynet Georges , Wang Yi-Ying , Hu Rui-Chong , Zhu Jin-Ping , Wu Dong-Hong , Shu Xin-Wen , Peng Fang-Kun , Song Han-Feng , Wei Da-Ming 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration has announced 90 coalescing binary black holes (BBHs) with p
astro > 50% to date; however, the origin of their formation channels is still an open scientific question. Given various properties of BBHs (BH component masses and individual spins) inferred using the default priors by the LVK, independent groups have been trying to explain the formation of the BBHs with different formation channels. Of all formation scenarios, the chemically homogeneous evolution (CHE) channel has stood out with distinguishing features, namely, nearly equal component masses and preferentially high individual spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum. We perform Bayesian inference on the BBH events officially reported in GWTC-3 with astrophysically predicted priors representing different formation channels of the isolated binary evolution (common-envelope evolution channel, CEE; CHE; stable mass transfer, SMT). Given assumed models, we report strong evidence for GW190517_055101 being most likely to have formed through the CHE channel. Assuming the BBH events in the subsample are all formed through one of the isolated binary evolution channels, we obtain the lower limits on the local merger rate density of these channels at 11.45 Gpc−3 yr−1 (CEE), 0.18 Gpc−3 yr−1 (CHE), and 0.63 Gpc−3 yr−1 (SMT) at 90% credible level.
Topical Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Recalcitrant Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Wong Amanda , Zhu Daniel , Li Albert S. , Lee Jessica G. , Ferrone Philip J. 
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective:
A previous report demonstrated efficacy of mineralocorticoid antagonist with adjuvant topical dexamethasone (MRA+DEX) in resolving subretinal fluid (SRF) in a chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patient. This pilot study investigates the use of MRA+DEX to treat recalcitrant, chronic CSCR patients.

Study Design:
Retrospective review of chronic, recalcitrant CSCR patients unresponsive to MRA alone who were treated with MRA+DEX and followed for up to 3 months. Apical SRF thickness and visual acuity were measured.

Results:
Ten eyes of eight chronic, recalcitrant patients were included with an average follow-up of 109 days. Mean percent reduction in apical fluid thickness at one month and at last follow-up after adding dexamethasone (DEX) was 33% and 52%, respectively. Five eyes (50%) achieved complete resolution of SRF. Three eyes (30%) showed partial response and two (20%) eyes had no response. There was no significant change in visual acuity.

Conclusions:
MRA+DEX decreased SRF in some recalcitrant, chronic CSCR patients. Large prospective studies are needed to evaluate the utility of MRA+DEX in these chronic CSCR patients.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2022;53:659–665.]
Variation in Perioperative Care Practices Among Vitreoretinal Surgeons in the United States
Authors: Finn Avni P. , Talcott Katherine E. , Han Jonathan , Ali Ferhina S. , Rao Prethy 
Published: December 2022

Objective:To describe perioperative practice patterns among retinal surgeons managing retinal detachment (RD) repair.Methods:This was a cross-sectional pilot survey of vitreoretinal surgeons in the United States (US), identified by a previously published web-based search and cross-referencing names from the American Society of Retina Specialists. Self-reported peri-operative practices and subgroups were analyzed.Results:Of the 298 surgical retina specialists who completed the survey, 115 (39%) were in practice for ≤ 5 years, 102 (34%) were in practice for 6 to 20 years, and 81 (27%) were in practice for > 20 years; 60%, 23%, and 16% were in private, academic, and hybrid practice, respectively. Fifty-nine percent reported operating with trainees. For ocular blocks, 59% perform retrobulbar, 21% peribulbar, and 20% subtenon's (ST). Use of ST block varied significantly by years in practice and presence of trainees (P< 0.0001,P= 0.004, respectively). Sixty percent perform primary scleral buckles (SB), 55% combined SB/pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), and 11% primary PPVs under general anesthesia. Use of general anesthesia for primary SB varied significantly by years in practice (P= 0.007). Surgeons with fewer years in practice were more likely to recommend facedown positioning for macula-off RDs (P< 0.0001). Forty-six percent of surgeons do not advise stopping blood thinners before surgery and this varied significantly by years in practice (P= 0.006).Conclusions:Variation exists among US vitreoretinal surgeons in relation to anesthesia, postoperative positioning, and blood thinners restrictions. Preferences are influenced by years in practice and less by trainees and practice setting. These results serve as a basis for larger, targeted US-based surveys on perioperative care and correlation with surgical outcomes.[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina2022;53:681–690.]
Provinciaux en Dacie, provinciaux de Dacie : enquête sur quelques expressions identitaires
Authors: Dana Dan 
Published: December 2022

La Dacie romaine (106-ca. 260 ap. J.-C.), province intensément colonisée et militarisée, avec une visibilité réduite des populations indigènes, constitue un cas particulier de création d’une identité provinciale. Si les manifestations identitaires dans la province de Dacie sont difficilement décelables, elles sont, en revanche, plus visibles à l’extérieur de la province. La richesse de la documentation épigraphique et iconographique laissée par des personnes originaires de Dacie, essentiellement des militaires et des membres de leurs familles, permet de s’interroger sur les diverses expressions de leur identité provinciale (du type natione Dacus, par exemple) dans l’Empire romain.
Association between circular stapler size and anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer
Authors: Jiang Yugang , Chen Hongyuan , Kong Meng , Sun Dong , Sheng Hongguang 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most severe and frequent complications occurring after laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer. This study aimed to examine the association between circular stapler size and AL after laparoscopic LAR.

Methods:
This retrospective single-institution study involved 181 patients with rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic LAR performed by a single surgical team between July 2016 and June 2021. The characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Risk factors for AL were identified via univariate and multivariate analyses. Additionally, a further propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the selection bias.

Results:
Among the 181 patients who underwent laparoscopic LAR for rectal cancer, 17 (9.4%) developed clinical AL. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, male sex, incomplete intestinal obstruction, and the usage of a 32-mm stapler during the surgery were independent risk factors for the occurrence of AL. Furthermore, the PSM analysis confirmed that the incidence of AL with a 32-mm stapler was higher than that with a 29-mm stapler after laparoscopic low anterior resection. However, there was no difference in the incidence of anastomotic bleeding and stenosis.

Conclusion:
Choosing a smaller-diameter circular stapler may reduce the incidence of AL after laparoscopic LARfor rectal cancer without increasing the incidence of anastomotic stenosis.
On polynomial-time computation of high-dimensional posterior measures by Langevin-type algorithms
Authors: Nickl Richard , Wang Sven 
Published: December 2022

The problem of generating random samples of high-dimensional posterior distributions is considered. The main results consist of non-asymptotic computational guarantees for Langevin-type MCMC algorithms which scale polynomially in key quantities such as the dimension of the model, the desired precision level, and the number of available statistical measurements. As a direct consequence, it is shown that posterior mean vectors as well as optimisation based maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates are computable in polynomial time, with high probability under the distribution of the data. These results are complemented by statistical guarantees for recovery of the ground truth parameter generating the data.
Our results are derived in a general high-dimensional non-linear regression setting (with Gaussian process priors) where posterior measures are not necessarily log-concave, employing a set of local ‘geometric’ assumptions on the parameter space, and assuming that a good initialiser of the algorithm is available. The theory is applied to a representative non-linear example from PDEs involving a steady-state Schrödinger equation.
Comparison Criteria for Three-Interval Sturm-Liouville Equations
Authors: MUKHTAROV Oktay , AYDEMİR Kadriye 
Published: December 2022

This study devoted to the investigation of comparison properties for
periodic Sturm-Liouville problems, defined on three disjoint intervals together with
additional transfer conditions across the common endpoint of these intervals, so-called
transmission conditions. The results obtained generalize the corresponding
classical results of Sturm's comparison and oscillation theory.
Do Pre-school Distance Educators Require Specialist Preparation?
Authors: Kirk David 
Published: December 2022

This paper examines the role of the pre-school distance educator to determine whether specialist preparation is required for pre-school teachers to function effectively as distance educators. In considering this role, this paper will examine the following key areas:
1. urban and rural environments;2. the role of parents as educators;3. the preparation of pre-school teachers; and4. the preparation of pre-school teachers to teach in a School of Distance Education(SDE).
Beginner's Tale
Authors: Cameron JMR 
Published: December 2022

Beginning teachers have been subjected to intense scrutiny. The typical focus has been on the professional problems they encounter in their first year of teaching, usually determined by largescale surveys using a questionnaire in which the range of possible problems has already been identified. Situational studies where beginning teachers identify and delineate their own concerns are far less common but are potentially richer and more meaningful in what they reveal. Studies of beginning teachers in rural and remote areas of Australia are rare. Reported here are the experiences of one beginning teacher appointed to a remote area school in an Aboriginal community in the Northern Territory. His experiences, although expressed more forcefully than most, are not unique. They capture the essence of cultural and environmental dislocation which many new teachers encounter. The reconstruction covers the period from the system-level and regional-level induction in the week prior to the commencement of the school year to the induction recall period held regionally at the end of the first teaching quarter. Induction recall in the Northern Territory applies to teachers in Aboriginal schools only.
Analyzing the Use of Recycled Materials in Sustainable Concrete in the GCC Countries
Authors: Alsalama Salem Mohamad , Damdelen Omer 
Published: December 2022

The modern construction industry is based on the development of concrete structures and concrete is the most commonly used building material for the construction industry. Concrete manufacturing involves dev elopement of a mixture containing different natural resources like stone, clay, sand, water, and cement. These natural resources are extracted and transported to the construction site to create concrete (Ahmad et al., 2022). On the other side, concrete waste poses a significant environmental and economic challenge for the global construction industry. The present study is based on analyzing the use of recycled material for the development of sustainable concrete mix. Recycled materials involve the recycling of construction waste that provides the best alternative for natural resources and helps to prevent the environment. The present study is based on qualitative data analysis and surveys to highlight the usage of recycled materials to develop sustainable concrete. The survey results demonstrate that recycled materials are significantly important for the development of concrete mix and it is cost-effective and also protect the environment. The present research provides a deep insight into the usage of recycled materials for sustainable concrete manufacturing.
Cross-Cultural Validation of the Chinese Version of the Health Promoting Activities Scale
Authors: Sim So Sin , Bourke-Taylor Helen M. , Yu Mong-lin , Fossey Ellie , Tirlea Loredana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Importance: The Health Promoting Activities Scale (HPAS) measures the frequency of participation in health-promoting activities of mothers of children with disabilities. Translation of the HPAS into Chinese and validation of the Chinese version will enable its use with Chinese-speaking mothers of children with disabilities.
Objective: To translate the HPAS into Chinese and assess its construct validity in relation to measures of well-being, mental health, and activity satisfaction.
Design: Cross-cultural validation.
Setting: Community.
Participants: Eight bilingual Chinese speakers were involved in the translation. Ethnic Chinese mothers of children with disabilities living in Australia, Singapore, or Taiwan (N = 89) were recruited via purposive snowball sampling. Participants self-selected to complete the Chinese e-survey.
Outcomes and Measures: Translation was guided by recommended frameworks. The Chinese versions of the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWS), Personal Well-being Index (PWI), and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale–10 (K10) were used to determine construct validity. Internal reliability was investigated.
Results: The Chinese version of the HPAS correlated significantly with satisfaction ratings (r = .45, p &lt; .001; n = 87), WEMWS Total score (r = .61, p &lt; .001; n = 85), PWI mean score (r = .44, p &lt; .001; n = 84), and K10 total score (r = −.33, p = .002; n = 81). Internal reliability was moderate (Cronbach’s α = .74).
Conclusions and Relevance: The Chinese version of the HPAS was found to be cross-culturally equivalent to the original HPAS and psychometrically sound for use with Chinese-speaking mothers of children with disabilities.
What This Article Adds: This study provides an example of the cross-cultural validation process. The Chinese version of the HPAS is psychometrically sound and could be used as an outcome measure of Chinese mothers’ participation in health-promoting activities.
Nautinnollisen kauhun ilmapiiri
Authors: Heikkilä Enja , Salmirinne Santeri 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Horror is a popular video game genre, which has the ability to induce strong emotions such as fear and anxiety. Horror game sound partly derives from movie soundtracking, but the interactive and immersive nature of video games and game music challenges the traditional beliefs concerning the meaning and importance of sound design and soundtracking. In this review article, we discuss the relationship between the sonic design of horror games and experienced anxiety. We combine musicological and ludological viewpoints with clinical and neuropsychological ones to create a multidisciplinary overview of the subject. We will also discuss the paradox of how we can enjoy fear and anxiety inducing media, despite those emotions having a very negative association. Finally we will discuss the possible advantages of combining music and video games for the study of emotions in music, video games and psychology.