bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CASCADE protocol: exploring current viral and host characteristics, measuring clinical and patient-reported outcomes, and understanding the lived experiences and needs of individuals with recently acquired HIV infection through a multicentre mixed-methods observational study in Europe and Canada
Authors: Ruiz-Burga Elisa , Tariq Shema , Touloumi Giota , Gill John , Nicholls Emily Jay , Sabin Caroline , Mussini Cristina , Meyer Laurence , Volny Anne Alain , Carlander Christina , Grabar Sophie , Jarrin Inma , Van der Valk Marc , Wittkop Linda , Spire Bruno , Pantazis Nikos , Burns Fiona M , Porter Kholoud 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionDespite the availability of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and antiretroviral therapy (ART), 21 793 people were newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe in 2019. The Concerted action on seroconversion to AIDS and death in Europe study aims to understand current drivers of the HIV epidemic; factors associated with access to, and uptake of prevention methods and ART initiation; and the experiences, needs and outcomes of people with recently acquired HIV.Methods and analysisThis longitudinal observational study is recruiting participants aged ≥16 years with documented laboratory evidence of HIV seroconversion from clinics in Canada and six European countries. We will analyse data from medical records, self-administered questionnaires, semistructured interviews and participatory photography. We will assess temporal trends in transmitted drug resistance and viral subtype and examine outcomes following early ART initiation. We will investigate patient-reported outcomes, well-being, and experiences of, knowledge of, and attitudes to HIV preventions, including PrEP. We will analyse qualitative data thematically and triangulate quantitative and qualitative findings. As patient public involvement is central to this work, we have convened a community advisory board (CAB) comprising people living with HIV.Ethics and disseminationAll respective research ethics committees have approval for data to contribute to international collaborations. Written informed consent is required to take part. A dissemination strategy will be developed in collaboration with CAB and the scientific committee. It will include peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and accessible summaries of findings on the study’s website, social media and via community organisations.
Pulmonary sequelae in 2-year-old children after hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection during infancy: an observational study
Authors: Verwey Charl , Ramocha Lesego , Laubscher Marius , Baillie Vicky , Nunes Marta , Gray Diane , Hantos Zoltán , Dangor Ziyaad , Madhi Shabir 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of hospitalisation for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children. RSV LRTI during early childhood may increase susceptibility to recurrent wheezing and asthma.Research questionThe aim of this study was to describe the pulmonary sequelae at 1 and 2 years of age following RSV LRTI hospitalisation during the first year of life in term infants.Study design and methodsA longitudinal case–control study was undertaken from April 2016 to December 2019. Cases constituted children hospitalised with PCR-confirmed RSV LRTI during infancy and controls were children not previously hospitalised with LRTI. A questionnaire detailing environmental and medical history, as well as a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies (ISAAC) questionnaire, was administered, and pulmonary function testing, including oscillometry, tidal breath flow-volume loops and multiple breath wash-out, was performed, at one and two years of age.ResultsOne (n=308) and two-year-old (n=214) cases were more likely than one (n=292) and two-year-old (n=209) controls to have experienced clinical pulmonary symptoms, including wheezing ((55% vs 24%; p<0.001) and (61% vs 16%; p<0.001)), received treatment for wheezing ((17 vs 8%; p<0.001) and (51 vs 6%; p<0.001)) and had any admissions for wheezing ((31 vs 6%; p<0.001) and (46 vs 1.4%; p<0.001)) or any LRTI ((24 vs 2%; p<0.001) and (32 vs 1.4%; p<0.001)), after the initial RSV hospitalisation. RSV LRTI during infancy was associated with an increase in airway resistance by two years (22.46 vs 20.76 hPa.s.l-1(p=0.022)), along with a decrease in compliance at both one (−4.61 vs −3.09 hPa.s/l (p<0.001)) and two years (−0.99 vs 0.33 hPa.s/l1(p<0.001)). There was an increased work of breathing at one year, but this was no longer present at two years.InterpretationRSV LRTI during infancy in cases was associated with more clinical and pulmonary function sequelae through to two years of age.
Palliative physiotherapy in community settings for people with terminal illness
Authors: Woldman Anat , Goldblatt Hadass , Elboim-Gabyzon Michal 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThe need for palliative care is constantly growing worldwide. Palliative care is typically provided by a multidisciplinary team in community-based facilities. As part of this team, physiotherapists can effectively address prevalent symptoms, such as pain, breathing difficulties and reduced functional capacity. A few studies reported low physiotherapy services’ utilisation by people who require palliative care. Israel was rated among countries having the highest level of palliative care integration in the array of basic medical services in a global survey. This study’s purpose was to explore, for the first time, the scope of palliative physiotherapy treatments that home dwelling people receive in Israel.MethodsA retrospective chart review of people who had been referred to home hospice care during the year 2019.ResultsA total of 1587 people were included in this study, of which only 34.7% received community-based physiotherapy treatments during the last 6 months of their lives. People treated by palliative physiotherapy usually received a short intervention of 1–3 treatments, with an average of 5.37 treatments. No differences were found regarding age, gender and geographical location in relation to metropolitan area between people who had received such treatments and people who had not. A high socioeconomic place of residence rating and the presence of chronic life-limiting illness or progressive neurological disorder significantly predicted the possibility of receiving physiotherapy treatments.ConclusionsFuture studies should explore the inhibiting and promoting factors for receiving palliative physiotherapy treatments, focusing on persons’ comorbidities and their sociodemographic characteristics.
Effects of anthropogenic noise on haul-out numbers of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)
Authors: Bankhead Kyra , Freeman Grace , Heimbichner Goebel Wyatt , Acevedo-Gutiérrez Alejandro 
Published: May 2023

Haul-out sites of harbor seals, Phoca vitulina Linnaeus, 1758, include areas with high levels of anthropogenic noise. In some cases, seals haul out at night when there are lower in-air noise levels. However, it is unclear whether there are additional responses to noise pollution. To determine potential impacts of anthropogenic noise on haul-out behavior, we compared numbers of hauled-out harbor seals relative to in-air noise levels at two sites in Washington state, USA—one close to human activities (Bellingham waterfront) and one more distant (Semiahmoo marina)—between July 2020 and August 2021. We used generalized linear mixed models to identify predictors of seal numbers. The marina had lower mean noise levels than the waterfront (39.7 ± SD 6.1 dB, n = 29 observations versus 51.2 ± SD 5.2 dB, n = 126 observations). The plotted model prediction showed a significantly negative association between noise and seals at the marina, and no association was found at the waterfront. Results indicate that in-air noise levels may influence seal numbers at sites where human activities are low. They also suggest that, besides hauling out at night, seals may become tolerant to in-air noise levels at sites where human activities are high.
Constraining light thermal inelastic dark matter with NA64
Authors: Mongillo Martina , Abdullahi Asli , Banto Oberhauser Benjamin , Crivelli Paolo , Hostert Matheus , Massaro Daniele , Molina Bueno Laura , Pascoli Silvia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA vector portal between the Standard Model and the dark sector is a predictive and compelling framework for thermal dark matter. Through co-annihilations, models of inelastic dark matter (iDM) and inelastic Dirac dark matter (i2DM) can reproduce the observed relic density in the MeV to GeV mass range without violating cosmological limits. In these scenarios, the vector mediator behaves like a semi-visible particle, evading traditional bounds on visible or invisible resonances, and uncovering new parameter space to explain the muon $$(g-2)$$

(
g
-
2
)

anomaly. By means of a more inclusive signal definition at the NA64 experiment, we place new constraints on iDM and i2DM using a missing energy technique. With a recast-based analysis, we contextualize the NA64 exclusion limits in parameter space and estimate the reach of the newly collected and expected future NA64 data. Our results motivate the development of an optimized search program for semi-visible particles, in which fixed-target experiments like NA64 provide a powerful probe in the sub-GeV mass range.
Ultrasound harmonic generation and atomic layer deposition of multilayer, deep-UV mirrors and filters with microcavity plasma arrays
Authors: Kim Jinhong , Mironov Andrey , Park Sehyun , Kim Changgong , Park Sung-Jin , Eden J. Gary 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In honor of Professor Kurt Becker’s pioneering contributions to microplasma physics and applications, we report the capabilities of arrays of microcavity plasmas in two emerging and disparate applications. The first of these is the generation of ultrasound radiation in the 20–240 kHz spectral range with microplasmas in either a static or jet configuration. When a $$10\times 10$$

10
×
10

array of microplasma jets is driven by a 20-kHz sinusoidal voltage, for example, harmonics as high as m = 12 are detected and fractional harmonics are produced by controlling the spatial symmetry of the emitter array. The preferential emission of ultrasound in an inverted cone having an angle of $$\pm \,45^\circ $$

±

45
∘

with respect to the surface normal of the jet array’s exit face is attributed to interference between spatially periodic, outward-propagating waves generated by the arrays. The spatial distribution of ultrasound generated by the arrays is analogous to the radiation patterns produced by Yagi-Uda phased array antennas at RF frequencies for which radiation is emitted broadside to arrays of parallel electric dipoles. Also, the nonperturbative envelope of the ultrasound harmonic spectrum resembles that for high-order harmonic generation at optical frequencies in rare gas plasmas and attests to the strong nonlinearity provided by the pulsed microplasmas in the sub-250-kHz region. Specifically, the relative intensities of the second and third harmonics exceed that for the fundamental, and a “plateau” region is observed extending from the 5th through the 8th harmonics. A strong plasma nonlinearity appears to be responsible for both the appearance of fractional harmonics and the nonperturbative nature of the acoustic harmonic spectrum. Multilayer metal-oxide optical filters designed to have peak transmission near 222 nm in the deep-UV region of the spectrum have been fabricated by microplasma-assisted atomic layer deposition. Alternating layers of ZrO$$_2$$

2

and Al$$_2$$

2

O$$_3$$

3

, each having a thickness in the 20–50 nm range, were grown on quartz and silicon substrates by successively exposing the substrate to the Zr or Al precursor (tetrakis(dimethylamino) zirconium or trimethylaluminum, respectively) and the products of an oxygen microplasma while maintaining the substrate temperature at 300 K. Bandpass filters comprising 9 cycles of 30-nm-thick ZrO$$_2$$

2

/50-nm-thick Al$$_2$$

2

O$$_3$$

3

film pairs transmit 80% at 235 nm but < 35% in the 250–280 nm interval. Such multilayer reflectors appear to be of significant value in several applications, including bandpass filters suppressing long wavelength (240–270 nm) radiation emitted by KrCl (222) lamps.

Graphical abstract
One-parameter Darboux-deformed Fibonacci numbers
Authors: Rosu H. C. , Mancas S. C. 
Published: May 2023

One-parameter Darboux deformations are established for the simple ordinary differential equation (ODE) satisfied by the continuous generalizations of the Fibonacci sequence recently discussed by Faraoni and Atieh [Symmetry 13, 200 (2021)], who promoted a formal analogy with the Friedmann equation in the FLRW homogeneous cosmology. The method allows the introduction of deformations of the continuous Fibonacci sequences, hence of Darboux-deformed Fibonacci (noninteger) numbers. Considering the same ODE as a parametric oscillator equation, the Ermakov–Lewis invariants for these sequences are also discussed.
Reprogramming of Tumor-reactive Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes to Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Islam S.M. Rafiqul , Maeda Takuya , Tamaoki Naritaka , Good Meghan L. , Kishton Rigel J. , Paria Biman C. , Yu Zhiya , Bosch-Marce Marta , Bedanova Nicole M. , Liu Chengyu , Kruhlak Michael J. , Restifo Nicholas P. , Vizcardo Raul 
Published: May 2023

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) that can recognize and kill tumor cells have curative potential in subsets of patients treated with adoptive cell transfer (ACT). However, lack of TIL therapeutic efficacy in many patients may be due in large part to a paucity of tumor-reactive T cells in TIL and the exhausted and terminally differentiated status of those tumor-reactive T cells. We sought to reprogram exhausted TIL that possess T-cell receptors (TCR) specific for tumor antigens into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) to rejuvenate them for more potent ACT. We first attempted to reprogram tumor neoantigen-specific TIL by αCD3 Ab prestimulation which resulted in failure of establishing tumor-reactive TIL-iPSCs, instead, T cell–derived iPSCs from bystander T cells were established. To selectively activate and enrich tumor-reactive T cells from the heterogenous TIL population, CD8+ PD-1+ 4-1BB+ TIL population were isolated after coculture with autologous tumor cells, followed by direct reprogramming into iPSCs. TCR sequencing analysis of the resulting iPSC clones revealed that reprogrammed TIL-iPSCs encoded TCRs that were identical to the pre-identified tumor-reactive TCRs found in minimally cultured TIL. Moreover, reprogrammed TIL-iPSCs contained rare tumor antigen-specific TCRs, which were not detectable by TCR sequencing of the starting cell population. Thus, reprogramming of PD-1+ 4-1BB+ TIL after coculture with autologous tumor cells selectively generates tumor antigen-specific TIL-iPSCs, and is a distinctive method to enrich and identify tumor antigen-specific TCRs of low frequency from TIL.

Significance:
Reprogramming of TIL into iPSC holds great promise for the future treatment of cancer due to their rejuvenated nature and the retention of tumor-specific TCRs. One limitation is the lack of selective and efficient methods for reprogramming tumor-specific T cells from polyclonal TIL. Here we addressed this limitation and present a method to efficiently reprogram TIL into iPSC colonies carrying diverse tumor antigen reactive TCR recombination.
New Loss-of-Function Mutations in PCSK9 Reduce Plasma LDL Cholesterol
Authors: Meng Fan-Hua , Liu Shuai , Xiao Jian , Zhou Yu-Xia , Dong Le-Wei , Li Yun-Feng , Zhang Yan-Qing , Li Wei-Hui , Wang Ju-Qiong , Wang Yan , Song Bao-Liang , Ma Yi-Tong , Fu Zhen-Yan , Luo Jie 
Published: May 2023

Background:

Lower plasma levels of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol (LDL-C) can reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The loss-of-function mutations in
PCSK9
(proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) have been known to associate with low LDL-C in many human populations. PCSK9 genetic variants in Chinese Uyghurs who are at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease due to their dietary habits have not been reported.

Methods:
The study involved the whole-exome and target sequencing of college students from Uyghur and other ethnic groups in Xinjiang, China, for the association of PCSK9 loss-of-function mutations with low plasma levels of LDL-C. The mechanisms by which the identified mutations affect the function of PCSK9 were investigated in cultured cells using biochemical and cell assays. The causal effects of the identified PCSK9 mutations on LDL-C levels were verified in mice injected with adeno-associated virus expressing different forms of PCSK9 and fed a high-cholesterol diet.

Results:

We identified 2 PCSK9 mutations—E144K and C378W—in Chinese Uyghurs with low plasma levels of LDL-C. The E144K and C378W mutations impaired the maturation and secretion of the PCSK9 protein, respectively. Adeno-associated virus–mediated expression of E144K and C378W mutants in
Pcsk9
KO (knockout) mice fed a high-cholesterol diet also hampered PCSK9 secretion into the serum, resulting in elevated levels of LDL receptor in the liver and reduced levels of LDL-C in the serum.

Conclusions:
Our study shows that E144K and C378W are PCSK9 loss-of-function mutations causing low LDL-C levels in mice and probably in humans as well.
“What is critical religion?” A Response to Galen Watts and Sharday Mosurinjohn, “Can Critical Religion Play by Its Own Rules?”
Authors: Fitzgerald Timothy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The authors should be congratulated for writing about ‘critical religion’. Whatever else critical religion might or might not be, nothing could be more important than a critical inquiry into the categories that powerfully organise our knowledge and our institutions, including our universities. By publishing in a major journal, the JAAR, they bring into the mainstream significant topics that are habitually marginalised. They raise many valid points for public debate. Their article, however, is marred by reification and contradiction. To squeeze their generalisations into one journal article, the authors set up Russell McCutcheon, Craig Martin and Timothy Fitzgerald as the core of an imaginary school, and then when they stumble on a possible disagreement between us, they accuse us of inconsistency. Speaking for myself, I explain why I have habitually used the term ‘critical religion’ to refer to my own work, and why I have recently considered abandoning it. I point out that the authors never properly discuss the genesis of the discourse on the non-religious secular, which is fundamental to any serious attempt to understand ‘critical religion’. They ignore my work on India and Japan. They nowhere discuss a central core of my own position, that religion is a member of a configuration of empty categories, including politics, nature, economy, and nation, a signalling system that is the source of hegemonic power and the illusions of enlightenment modernity. However, these shortcomings should not deter us from taking forward their work as a positive opportunity.
The Link Between Aid-for-Trade and Contingent Protection
Authors: Upadhayay Neha Bhardwaj 
Published: May 2023

Foreign aid, in theory, is expected to mitigate constraints that impede the economic development of recipient countries. At the same time that help is committed, donors are seemingly taking actions that are harmful to developing economies in obvious ways. An example is the tacit circumvention of the putative rules-based global trading system through contingent protection activities. In this article, it is postulated that, on one hand aid-for-trade (AfT) is expected to have positive impact on the exports of aid recipients by better integration into the global trading order, on the other hand, aid provider (donor) curtails access to its own markets by actuating contingent protection against the recipient (exporter). Using contingent protection cases data from 2003 to 2018 (a 15-year period) against 106 recipient countries of the United States of America’s AfT, this study finds a significant and positive impact of AfT on the surge in contingent protection activities. This effect is entirely driven by the aid for economic infrastructure and services, while the other main category of AfT- production sector, has no discernible effect on the rise in protection against the recipient. To examine the heterogeneity in donor decisions, this study is expanded to other traditional donors like Australia, Canada, the European Union (EU) and New Zealand. This article finds that Australia behaves similar to the USA; however, for Canada and the EU, the relationship between aid and market access is not statistically significant. JEL Codes: F1, F35, O19
Broken Windows and Community Social Control: Evidence from a Study of Street Segments
Authors: Weisburd David , V. Uding Clair , Hinkle Joshua C. , Kuen Kiseong 
Published: May 2023

Objectives Broken windows theory identifies community social control as a central mechanism for controlling crime. In turn, controlling disorder is seen as the primary method that police or other government agents can use to strengthen community social controls. Our study examined the antecedents of informal community social control, measured as collective efficacy, at street segments. Methods This article leverages multi-wave primary data collection at 447 street segments in Baltimore, MD including official crime statistics, survey responses, physical observations, and systematic social observations. We used mixed-effects OLS regression models to examine antecedents of collective efficacy at the street-level. Results We find that social disorder and crime, rather than physical disorder, are the primary antecedents of collective efficacy at the street-level. We also find that fear of crime does not have a direct impact on collective efficacy. Conclusions Our study suggests that police and city government more generally should not look to controlling physical disorder as a means of increasing community controls. At the same time addressing social disorder is an important mechanism to bolster collective efficacy, though care is needed to avoid bias or backfire effects from aggressive order-maintenance policing.
Articulations of ‘Funeral’ in Swedish Newspapers During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jarnkvist Karin 
Published: May 2023

This article explores how ‘funeral’ was articulated in Swedish newspapers during the Covid-19 pandemic and how such articulations relate to power and ideology. Articles from the six most prominent Swedish newspapers, published over 2 years, have been analyzed using critical discourse analysis and intersectionality. The study reveals three funeral discourses dominating during different periods of the pandemic: ‘Funeral as a risk,’ ‘Funeral as an essential ritual,’ and ‘Funeral as a profession.’ Altogether, the three discourses expose an ideal of ‘the responsible mourner.’ This rational woman follows the funeral restrictions and arranges a church funeral shortly after the death of a relative. The ‘good funeral’ is portrayed as a church funeral with physically present mourners, performed according to the deceased’s will and in honor of the dead. The ‘bad funeral,’ described as the opposite of the ‘good funeral,’ dominates the understanding of the pandemic funeral situation.