bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High resolution shallow crustal shear wave velocity structure of Anyuan mining area and its adjacent region in Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Gong Meng , Lv Jian , Zhang Xingmian , Zheng Yong , Chen Hao , Dong Jun , Zha Xiaohui , Li Zheng , Sheng Shuzhong , Wang Tongli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
High-resolution seismic image is critically important for mining minerals. In this work, we collected seismic data from a local dense seismic array of 154 stations around the Anyuan mining area and its adjacent region of Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province in South China, and applied the ambient noise tomography (ANT) method to image the shear wave velocity structure in the mining area. Shallow crustal velocities at depths less than 3.3 km were determined by direct inversion of Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion curves at the period range of 0.5–5.0 s. Overall, the S-wave velocity structure has a tight correlation with surface geological and tectonic features in the study area. Influenced by the depression of sedimentary structure and the coal mining activities in the Pingxiang-Leping region, the shear wave velocity structure in the shallow crust of the Anyuan Mine and its adjacent areas presents obvious low-velocity anomalies. The shear wave velocity structures around the Anyuan fault (AYF) and Wangkeng fault (WKF) zones exhibit low-velocity anomalies from the ground surface to ~ 3.3km underground, and the low-velocity anomalies at depths less than 1.2 km could be related to the sedimentary environment of coal mine and the coal mining activities, while the low-velocity anomalies at depths below 1.2 km are caused by the presence of fracture medium, oil and gas in the fault zone. The shear wave velocity changes sharply across the AYF and the characteristics of the velocity change interface show the AYF is inclined toward the northwest and the depth of its extension reach to ~ 3km underground. Based on the depth of the obvious low-velocity intrusive anomalies beneath the Anyuan mining area, we deduce the mining depth of the Anyuan coal mine area exceeded 1 km underground.
The effect of prions on cellular metabolism: The metabolic impact of the [RNQ+] prion and potential role of native Rnq1p
Authors: Howell-Bray Tyler , Byrne Lee 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Within the field of amyloid and prion disease there is a need for a more comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of disease biology. In order to facilitate the progression treatment and underpin comprehension of toxicity, fundamental understanding of the disruption to normal cellular biochemistry and trafficking is needed. Here, by removing the complex biochemistry of the brain, we have utilised known prion forming strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae carrying different conformational variants of the Rnq1p to obtain Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolic profiles and identify key perturbations of prion presence. These studies reveal that prion containing [RNQ+] cells display a significant reduction in amino acid biosynthesis and distinct perturbations in sphingolipid metabolism, with significant downregulation in metabolites within these pathways. Moreover, that native Rnq1p appears to downregulate ubiquinone biosynthesis pathways within cells, suggesting that Rnq1p may play a lipid/mevalonate-based cytoprotective role as a regulator of ubiquinone production. These findings contribute to the understanding of how prion proteins interact in vivo in both their prion and non-prion confirmations and indicate potential targets for the mitigation of these effects. We demonstrate specific sphingolipid centred metabolic disruptions due to prion presence and give insight into a potential cytoprotective role of the native Rnq1 protein. This provides evidence of metabolic similarities between yeast and mammalian cells as a consequence of prion presence and establishes the application of metabolomics as a tool to investigate prion/amyloid-based phenomena.
Hydroxymethylation alterations in progenitor-like cell types of pediatric central nervous system tumors are associated with cell type-specific transcriptional changes
Authors: Lee Min Kyung , Azizgolshani Nasim , Zhang Ze , Perreard Laurent , IV Fred Kolling , Nguyen Lananh , Zanazzi George , Salas Lucas , Christensen Brock 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Although intratumoral heterogeneity has been established in pediatric central nervous system tumors, epigenomic alterations at the cell type level have largely remained unresolved. To identify cell type-specific alterations to cytosine modifications in pediatric central nervous system tumors we utilized a multi-omic approach that integrated bulk DNA cytosine modification data (methylation and hydroxymethylation) with both bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data. We demonstrate a large reduction in the scope of significantly differentially modified cytosines in tumors when accounting for tumor cell type composition. In the progenitor-like cell types of tumors, we identified a preponderance differential CpG hydroxymethylation rather than methylation. Genes with differential hydroxymethylation, like HDAC4 and IGF1R, were associated with cell type-specific changes in gene expression in tumors. Our results highlight the importance of epigenomic alterations in the progenitor-like cell types and its role in cell type-specific transcriptional regulation in pediatric CNS tumors.
Three-dimensional biphase fabric estimation from 2D images by deep learning
Authors: Chou Daniel , Etcheverry Matias , Arson Chloe 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

A pruned VGG19 model subjected to Axial Coronal Sagittal (ACS) convolutions and a custom VGG16 model are benchmarked to predict 3D fabric descriptors from a set of 2D images. The data used for training and testing are extracted from a set of 600 3D biphase microstructures created numerically. Fabric descriptors calculated from the 3D microstructures constitute the ground truth, while the input data are obtained by slicing the 3D microstructures in each direction of space at regular intervals. The computational cost to train the custom ACS-VGG19 model increases linearly with p (the number of images extracted in each direction of space), and increasing p does not improve the performance of the model - or only does so marginally. The best performing ACS-VGG19 model provides a MAPE of 2 to 5% for the means of aggregate size, aspect ratios and solidity, but cannot be used to estimate orientations. The custom VGG16 yields a MAPE of 2% or less for the means of aggregate size, distance to nearest neighbor, aspect ratios and solidity. The MAPE is less than 3% for the mean roundness, and in the range of 5-7% for the aggregate volume fraction and the mean diagonal components of the orientation matrix. Increasing p improves the performance of the custom VGG16 model, but becomes cost ineffective beyond 3 images per direction. For both models, the aggregate volume fraction is predicted with less accuracy than higher order descriptors, which is attributed to the bias given by the loss function towards highly-correlated descriptors. Both models perform better to predict means than standard deviations, which are noisy quantities. The custom VGG16 model performs better than the pruned version of the ACS-VGG19 model, likely because it contains 3 times (p = 1) to 28 times (p = 10) less parameters than the ACS-VGG19 model, allowing better and faster cnvergence, with less data. The custom VGG16 model predicts the second and third invariants of the orientation matrix with a MAPE of 2.8% and 8.9%, respectively, which suggests that the model can predict orientation descriptors regardless of the orientation of the input images.
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by using Mentha spicata and Ocimum basilicum leaves: Physical properties, foliar treatment, plant uptake and antibacterial potential
Authors: Doğaroğlu Zeynep Görkem , Uysal Yağmur , Çaylalı Zehranur , Karakulak Delil Sefkan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

In this study, plant extracts were used as stabilizing agents to synthesize ZnO-NPs with a green chemistry approach. The plant extracts were obtained from the aromatic plants of mint and basil leaves. The physical properties of the produced nanoparticles were investigated using XRD, SEM and FTIR. The shape of ZnO-NPs was triangular, as revealed by SEM analysis. The effects of biologically synthesized ZnO-NPs on plants when they reach the soil were investigated on the growth of wheat. In addition, antibacterial potential of ZnO-NPs on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was investigated. Results showed that S. aureus was more sensitive to all three types of ZnO-NPs than E. coli. Synthesized ZnO-NPs were also given as foliar treatment in order to determine Zn+ 2 uptake by plants and potential toxic effects on the growth of wheat. M-ZnO-NPs and B-ZnO-NPs improved the germination percentage of wheat at 400 mg/L concentration (100%), while raw ZnO-NPs showed 90% germination at the same concentration. It was also revealed that plant growth varies depending on the species and concentrations of ZnO-NPs, therefore, if foliar treatments are applied to wheat, the threshold concentrations, sizes and species of ZnO-NPs should be carefully evaluated.
Babesia divergens egress from host cells is orchestrated by essential and druggable kinases and proteases
Authors: Elsworth Brendan , Keroack Caroline , Rezvani Yasaman , Paul Aditya , Barazorda Keare , Tennessen Jacob , Sack Samantha , Moreira Cristina , Gubbels Marc-Jan , Meyers Marvin , Zarringhalam Kourosh , Duraisingh Manoj 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Apicomplexan egress from host cells is fundamental to the spread of infection and is poorly characterized in Babesia spp., parasites of veterinary importance and emerging zoonoses. Through the use of video microscopy, transcriptomics and chemical genetics, we have implicated signaling, proteases and gliding motility as key drivers of egress by Babesia divergens. We developed reverse genetics to perform a knockdown screen of putative mediators of egress, identifying kinases and proteases involved in distinct steps of egress (ASP3, PKG and CDPK4) and invasion (ASP2, ASP3 and PKG). Inhibition of egress leads to continued intracellular replication, indicating exit from the replication cycle is uncoupled from egress. Chemical genetics validated PKG, ASP2 and ASP3 as druggable targets in Babesia spp. All taken together, egress in B. divergens more closely resembles T. gondii than the more evolutionarily-related Plasmodium spp. We have established a molecular framework for biological and translational studies of B. divergens egress.
Cutoffs of Different Body Measurement Indexes of Central Obesity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Luo Ai , Tang Zheng , Xu XiaoJia , Li Chao , Zhou Die , Xiao Dong , Lu Yongjie , Liang Rutao , Guan Guifen , Li Wangen , Hu Zhuoqing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective Few research discuss whether the body measurement indexs of obesity in general populations is applicable to patients with type 2 diabetes. We explore the optimal cutoffs of visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) in the diagnosis of central obesity and the cutoffs of corresponding waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Design Cross-sectional cohort study
Setting and participants 1057 patients with T2DM (550 males and 507 females) aged 18 or above that satisfied the criteria were included. The definition and diagnostic criteria of Metabolic syndrome (Mets) were analyzed according to the 2020 Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) Guideline.
Primary and secondary outcome measures The VFA and SFA were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The optimal VFA and SFA cutoffs and corresponding WC and BMI when two or more nonadipose components of MetS (without central obesity) were met were analyzed by ROC curve.
Results: Among all of the T2DM patients, the optimal VFA cutoff for identifying two or more nonadipose components of MetS was 73.3cm2 for females and 69.2cm2 for males, while the optimal SFA cutoff was 186.7cm2 for females and 123.3cm2 for males. The ROC area under the curve (AUC) of VFA for identifying two or more nonadipose components of MetS was higher than that of SFA. The VFA cutoff of newly diagnosed T2DM patients (females=86.1cm2, males=69.0cm2) was higher than that of non-newly diagnosed T2DM patients (females=73.3cm2, males=65.4cm2). A stratification analysis of gender and whether newly diagnosed with T2DM or not showed that the WCs corresponding to VFA were 85cm and BMI was about 24 Kg/m2.
Conclusion: The VFA for diagnosing central obesity in T2DM patients was 70cm2 for males and about 73cm2 for females, the corresponding WC were 85 cm and BMI was 24 Kg/m2.
Generation and characterization of reduced PSII antenna size mutants of Chlorella sorokiniana for improved Biomass
Authors: Maram Vidya Vani , khateef Riazunnisa , Nambi Rajesh , kalimidi Vinoth , Pinjari Osman Basha 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Biofuel production from algal biomass is the fundamental component in developing a sustainable energy source that can replace fossil fuels. However, cost effectiveness need to duly taken into account as there is substantial difference between the higher cost of biofuel production and relatively low cost of fossil fuels. Studies on Chlorella species attract sufficient attention to improve algal biomass production capacity. One of the critical problems is inefficient use of light caused by its unequal distribution. The current study describes the development of photosynthetic Chlorella sorokiniana mutants by EMS mutagenesis. Mutagenesis and visual phenotypic selection procedures were applied and three C. sorokiniana chlorophyll mutants (CSCM) have been identified. The selected CSCM8, CSCM10 and CSCM21 mutant strains show diverse phenotypes with 33–47% reduced chlorophyll content. Further characterization reveal that these selected mutants had 23–44% reduced antenna size, improved effective quantum yield of PSII [Y(II)], reduced regulated (light-activated) energy dissipation Y(NPQ), and reduced non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Moreover, the characterised mutants in artificial condition showed 19–34% increase biomass productivity. The study indicates that genetic modification of C. sorokiniana with smaller antenna size can improve the biomass content; further, these mutants can be used for strain improvement having higher lipid content.
The impact of primary dysmenorrhea on the adolescents` activities and school attendance
Authors: Donayeva Ainur , Amanzholkyzy Ainur , Nurgaliyeva Roza , Gubasheva Gulnara , Saparbayev Samat , Ayaganov Dinmukhamed , Kaldybayeva Aiman , Abdelazim Ibrahim A. , Samaha Ihab I. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: The primary dysmenorrhea is the most prevalent menstrual problem in adolescence, which affects their daily activities, and it is the most common cause of adolescents` school absenteeism.
Objectives: To detect the impact of primary dysmenorrhea on the adolescents` activities, and school attendance.
Methods: One hundred and eighty (180) adolescents between 12-18 years-old with primary dysmenorrhea were included in this study. After thorough evaluation, a trans-abdominal pelvic ultrasound was done for the studied participants to exclude any pelvic pathology.
The severity of the participants’ dysmenorrhea was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Participants were categorized based on the VAS into, mild dysmenorrhea (VAS 1-3), moderate dysmenorrhea (VAS 4-7), and severe dysmenorrhea (8-10) groups. Participants were asked whether the dysmenorrhea based on its severity (i.e., mild (VAS 1-3), moderate (VAS 4-7), or severe (VAS 8-10)), negatively affect their physical, and social activities, or their school attendance or not. The one-way ANOVA test was used to compare between the studied groups. The Pearson`s correlation was used to detect the relation between the severity of dysmenorrhea, and its negative impact on the adolescents’ activities, and school attendance.
Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the severity of dysmenorrhea, and its negative impact on the adolescents’ physical activities (r = 0.395; P<0.00001), and between the severity of dysmenorrhea, and its negative impact on the adolescents’ social activities (r = 0.658; P<0.00001). There was also a significant positive correlation between the severity dysmenorrhea and its negative impact on the adolescents’ school attendance (r = 0.416; P<0.00001).
Conclusion: The odds of negative impact of dysmenorrhea on the adolescents` physical, and social activities, and on their school, attendance were significantly higher in adolescents suffering from moderate, and severe dysmenorrhea compared to adolescents with mild dysmenorrhea.
Duality and Sum on frames in Q-Hilbert spaces
Authors: Fu Yan-Ling , Xu Xin-Zhong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Quaternionic Hilbert space has received great attention in the research of quantum physics. The duality and sum of frames are hot issues in frame theory.In this paper,We firstly introduce the notion of pre-frame operators on frames in Q-Hilbert spaces, and characterize Hilbert(orthonormal) bases,frames, dual frames and Riesz bases, and obtain the accurate expressions of all dual frames of a given frame by taking advantage of pre-frame operators.We also characterize the dual frames through an operator equation. Secondly,we discuss sums of frames with the help of the pre-frame operators, and gain some more general methods to construct new frames. Moreover, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the finite sum of frames to be a (tight) frame.
Safety of Cov2-Bio COVID-19 Vaccine in Healthy Populations Aged 18 years and Above in Indonesia
Authors: Koesnoe Sukamto , Maria Suzy , Sekartini Rini , Soejdatmiko Soedjatmiko , Medise Bernie Endyarni , Yuniar Irene , Indawati Wahyuni , Wirahmadi Angga , Sari Rini Mulia , Adi Nuri Purwito , Retnaningdyah Windri , Olfriani Ciho 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
According to WHO Target Product Profile for COVID-19 Vaccines, vaccine development should be indicated for active immunization in all populations, including the elderly, in conjunction with other control measures to curtail or end an outbreak. In this study, we evaluated the safety of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (CoV2-Bio) in healthy population aged 18 years and above in Indonesia.
Methods
This study is an observer-blinded, randomized, and controlled prospective phase 1 intervention study about the safety of CoV2-Bio COVID-19 vaccine. We evaluated the safety in two age groups: adult (18–59 years old) and elderly (above 60 years old). There were 54 healthy participants in total, of which 30 were adults and 24 were elderly. Each group was then randomized to receive either three doses of CoV2-Bio COVID-19 or two doses of Sinovac and one placebo. The vaccines in both groups were administered approximately 28 days apart. Subjects were followed up to approximately 3 months. We analyzed the data using IBM SPSS 25.
Results
A total of 54 healthy participants divided into adult (n = 30) and elderly (n = 24) groups were enrolled. There was no significant difference of any local or systemic adverse event in terms of incidence rate or intensity in control group and vaccine group. No serious adverse events were deemed related to vaccine administration.
Conclusion
CoV2-Bio COVID-19 vaccine is safe in healthy populations aged 18 years old and above.
Trial registration:
This study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05067894 on October 5, 2021.
Confirmation Key Genes Associated with TNM Staging Classified as T3 and T4 in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Li Qian , Liu Hao , Li Ke , Wang Hui , Tian Ciqiu , Zhou Wei , Li Dinglin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is a high occurrence rate and mortality rate cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is confirmed in 80–85% of lung cancer cases. Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is frequently diagnosed at the advanced stage with poor prognoses. The size of tumor was an important indicator of the prognosis.
Methods: TCGA database and GEO database were performed to download transcriptome data and clinical information of LUSC. Firstly, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between TNM stage as T3-T4 and T1-T2 of LUSC patients in TCGA datasets. Furthermore, PPI was applied to identify proteins that interact actively during the process of tumorigenesis. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were consulted to explore the enriched biological processes and pathways of the DEGs. After that, LASSO Cox regression algorithms were employed to confirm tumor size-related signature. In addition, survival analysis (including nomogram, Kaplan–Meier method, ROC curve, GSVA, and correlation matrix) was performed to achieve a accurate prognostic model. Finally, the GEO database was applied to check the tumor size-related prognostic features.
Results: 1267 genes were identified as DEGs. And we can conclude that DEGs primarily concentrated in membranes, defence response to bacterium , transmembrane signaling receptor activity and olfactory transduction by the results from GO functions and KEGG pathways analysis. Five genes about tumour size-related risk signature including PCGF2, ULK3, MCRIP1,UCKL1, and CCDC18-AS1 were selected to forecast overall survival of LUSC patients. The credibility of prediction model was verified in GSE68825 and GSE68793. The LUSC patients were divided into low-risk score and high-risk score groups according to average value of risk score. Scatter plots show that patients in high-risk score group had shorter survival time.
Conclusion: Our study identified five biomarkers that were related to tumor size in the LUSC. The prognostic model can efficiently predict the survival status of patients. In addition, the several biomarkers are conductive to further investigate therapies and forecast prognosis of LUSC.
Prenatal anxiety during the pandemic context is related to neurodevelopment of 6-month-old babies
Authors: López-Morales Hernán , Canet-Juric Lorena , del-Valle Macarena Verónica , Andrés María Laura , López Marcela Carolina , Urquijo Sebastián 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Prenatal anxiety and depression in pandemic context could introduce changes in the fetal developmental trajectories that, ultimately, could alter the adaptive behaviors of the offspring, potentially affecting, for example, general neurodevelopment. The sample consisted of 105 mother-child dyads, recruited between March and May 2020. The dyads were evaluated longitudinally, prenatally and postnatally (6 months). The Pandemic Impact Questionnaire, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck-II Depression Inventory were used to assess indicators of maternal anxiety and depression, respectively. Regarding the babies, their mothers responded to Age and Stages: 3, which assesses different dimensions of early neurodevelopment, in addition to a closed questionnaire to identify sociodemographic and maternal and child health variables. A series of mediation models were tested to examine the association between prenatal psychopathology / negative experiences of the pandemic and neurodevelopment. The results indicated that the negative experiences of the pandemic were indirectly associated with the socio-individual and fine motor neurodevelopment of the offspring, through maternal anxiety symptoms, during the third trimester, which functioned as a mediator. It is important to point out the need to implement public health policies that allow a timely evaluation of neurodevelopmental variables during early childhood, which can implement early interventions to reduce the risks associated with these deficits.