bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
M/F-theory as Mf-theory
Authors: Sati Hisham , Schreiber Urs 
Published: July 2023

In the quest for mathematical foundations of M-theory, the Hypothesis H that fluxes are quantized in Cohomotopy theory, implies, on flat but possibly singular spacetimes, that M-brane charges locally organize into equivariant homotopy groups of spheres. Here, we show how this leads to a correspondence between phenomena conjectured in M-theory and fundamental mathematical concepts/results in stable homotopy, generalized cohomology and Cobordism theory [Formula: see text] : — stems of homotopy groups correspond to charges of probe [Formula: see text]-branes near black [Formula: see text]-branes; — stabilization within a stem is the boundary-bulk transition; — the Adams d-invariant measures [Formula: see text]-flux; — trivialization of the d-invariant corresponds to [Formula: see text]-flux; — refined Toda brackets measure [Formula: see text]-flux; — the refined Adams e-invariant sees the [Formula: see text]-charge lattice; — vanishing Adams e-invariant implies consistent global [Formula: see text]-fields; — Conner–Floyd’s e-invariant is the [Formula: see text]-flux seen in the Green–Schwarz mechanism; — the Hopf invariant is the M2-brane Page charge ([Formula: see text]-flux); — the Pontrjagin–Thom theorem associates the polarized brane worldvolumes sourcing all these charges. In particular, spontaneous K3-reductions with 24 branes are singled out from first principles : — Cobordism in the third stable stem witnesses spontaneous KK-compactification on K3-surfaces; — the order of the third stable stem implies the 24 NS5/D7-branes in M/F-theory on K3. Finally, complex-oriented cohomology emerges from Hypothesis H, connecting it to all previous proposals for brane charge quantization in the chromatic tower: K-theory, elliptic cohomology, etc. : — quaternionic orientations correspond to unit [Formula: see text]-fluxes near M2-branes; — complex orientations lift these unit [Formula: see text]-fluxes to heterotic M-theory with heterotic line bundles. In fact, we find quaternionic/complex Ravenel-orientations bounded in dimension; and we find the bound to be 10, as befits spacetime dimension [Formula: see text].
Effect of Tai Chi on knee pain and muscle strength in middle-aged and older adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Yue Hongyu , Li Yang , Ma Jianwen , Xie Chaoqun , Xie Fangfang , Cai Junhao , Fang Min , Yao Fei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common public health problem and a leading cause of long-term pain, decreased muscle strength, and even disability. Tai Chi has been proved effective and highly recommended for KOA management worldwide. However, little is known about its benefits on quadriceps strength which is closely associated with relieving knee pain. This trial is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tai Chi on knee pain and muscle strength in middle-aged and older adults with KOA.

Methods
A total of 100 participants will be randomly divided into a Tai Chi group (TC group) (1x/week for 12 weeks) and a control group with a health education and stretching program (1x/week for 12 weeks) with a follow-up period of 6 weeks. The primary outcome is the change of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) pain subscale at week 12 compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes include WOMAC stiffness and function subscales, data from isokinetic dynamometry, gait analysis with electromyography (EMG), and a 36-item short form health survey (SF-36). The daily dose of pain-relieving medication will also be recorded. All adverse effects will be assessed by the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS).

Discussion
We expect this randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of Tai Chi on relieving pain and increasing quadriceps strength in KOA patients. This protocol, if proven effective, will contribute to providing a promising alternative intervention for middle-aged and older adults with KOA.

Trials registration number
This trial has been registered in the China Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2300069339).
Preventive Effect of Alpha-pinene on Cisplatin-induced Kidney Injury by Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis via NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tan Junhua 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
The chemotherapy medication cisplatin is highly effective and is used in treating a wide variety of cancers. Tumor resistance and dose-related severe side effects, including kidney and hearing damage and suppressed bone marrow function, limit its clinical utility. This study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effect of alpha-pinene against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino Wistar rats.

Methods:
A total of 24 rats were divided into four groups containing six animals. Alpha-pinene (50 mg/kg) was administered orally for 14 days, and cisplatin (50 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally for the last two consecutive days (13th and 14th day). Kidney function markers, lipid peroxidative markers, antioxidant status, inflammatory markers, and apoptotic gene expressions were analyzed. The cisplatin-induced rats significantly elevated kidney function markers, inflammatory markers, and pro-apoptotic genes in kidney tissues. Further, the antioxidant level/activities and antiapoptotic gene expression were significantly diminished in cisplatin-induced rats.

Results:
Pretreatment with alpha-pinene significantly decreased kidney function markers, inflammatory markers, and pro-apoptotic genes and increased antioxidant status and antiapoptotic genes.

Conclusion:
These findings provide the protective effect of alpha-pinene against CP-induced nephrotoxicity, as measured by potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties.
LiDAR Uncertainty Quantification for Topo-Bathymetric Earth Science using Generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion
Authors: Wise Alexandra Katherine , Sacca Kevin , Thayer Jeffrey 
Published: July 2023

Though precise, most LiDARs are vulnerable to position and pointing
errors as deviations from the expected principal axis lead to projection
errors on target. While fidelity of location/pointing solutions can be
high, determination of uncertainty remains relatively limited. As a
result, NASA’s 2021 Surface Topography and Vegetation Incubation Study
Report lists vertical (horizontal, geolocation) accuracy as an
associated parameter for all (most) identified Science and Application
Knowledge Gaps, and identifies maturation of Uncertainty Quantification
(UQ) methodologies on the STV Roadmap for this decade. The presented
generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion (gPCE) based method has wide
ranging applicability to improve positioning, geolocation uncertainty
estimates for all STV disciplines, and is extended from the bare earth
to the bathymetric lidar use case, adding complexity introduced by entry
angle, wave structure, and sub-surface roughness.
This research addresses knowledge gaps in bathy-LiDAR measurement
uncertainty through a more complete description of total aggregated
uncertainties, from system level to geolocation, by applying a gPCE-UQ
approach. Currently, the standard approach is the calculation of the
Total Propagated Uncertainty, which is often plagued by simplifying
approximations (e.g. strictly Gaussian uncertainty sources) and ignored
covariances. gPCE intrinsically accounts for covariance between
variables to determine uncertainty in a measurement, without manually
constructing a covariance matrix, through a surrogate model of system
response. Additionally, gPCE allows arbitrarily high order uncertainty
estimates (limited only by the one-time computational cost of computing
gPCE coefficients), accurate representation of non-Gaussian sources of
error (e.g. wave height energy distributions), and direct integration of
measurement requirements into the design of LiDAR systems, by
trivializing the computation of global sensitivity analysis.
Network Pharmacology of Xian-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction in Ameliorating Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhao Ming-Xia , Song Cheng-Lin , Zhang Qin-Chang , Du Hao-Jie , Zhang Shu-Qiong , Shen Yu-Xian , Sun Yang , Cheng Hai-Bo , Lv Wen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective:
In this study, we screened for therapeutic targets of the Xian-Lian-Jie-Du decoction (XLJDD) for colorectal cancer (CRC) and explored the underlying mechanisms using network pharmacology techniques.

Methods:
Genes associated with CRC were collected from the GeneCards database. The names of the active compounds of XLJDD were used as keywords in the “chemical name” in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database to search the targets. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.1. Gene Ontology functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify key target proteins.

Results:
A total of 234 XLJDD-related targets and 250 cross-targets between XLJDD and CRC were collected based on the TCMSP and HIT 2.0 databases. A PPI network constructed based on the STRING database revealed interactions for all 250 proteins. The network results revealed TP53, MYC, CCND1, AKT1, CASP3, and STAT3 as core potential targets. KEGG pathway analysis of the 250 potential XLJDD targets for CRC in the Metascape database was performed using RStudio software. The top 12 gene ratio aggregated analysis results were visualized in bubble charts. The interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway had the highest correlation with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway.

Conclusions:
XLJDD may be effective in ameliorating CRC by controlling inflammatory factors related to the IL-17 and TNF pathways and targeting proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, including MYC, CCND1, CTNNB1, and TP53.
Instrumentos de avaliação funcional para classificação do risco de quedas em acidente vascular cerebral
Authors: Benatti Laís Cristina , Meneghetti Cristiane Helita Zórel 
Published: July 2023

O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) é caracterizado por uma interrupção súbita do fluxo vascular por conta de isquemia ou hemorragia, podendo causar diversas incapacidades. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um levantamento bibliográfico dos principais instrumentos de avaliação funcional para classificação do risco de quedas em Acidente Vascular Cerebral. Trata-se de uma revisão sistêmica sobre os principais instrumentos de avaliação para classificação do risco de quedas em pacientes com AVC em artigos publicados em língua portuguesa e inglesa com buscas feitas nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Google Escolar, National Library of Medicine (MedLine e PubMed), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e PEDro. O levantamento bibliográfico apresenta informações relevantes, uma vez que, ao utilizar instrumentos que classificam o risco de quedas em indivíduos com AVC, permite estabelecer estratégias terapêuticas direcionadas às necessidades funcionais. Constatou-se que os instrumentos mais citados e utilizados para se verificarem os riscos de queda em pacientes com AVC são a Escala de Equilíbrio Funcional de Berg (EEFB) e o Time up and go (TUG).
Association between nonprescription use of nootropics and sleep quality in medical students
Authors: Alves de Azevedo Dênia , Turci Maria Aparecida , Castelo Branco Rocha Silva Guilherme , Cesar Piva Hugo , Túlio Silveira Sousa Gustavo , Sampaio Moura Alexandre 
Published: July 2023

Objetivos: analisar a qualidade do sono de estudantes de medicina em uma universidade privada brasileira e sua associação com o uso não prescrito de nootrópicos (metilfenidato, lisdexanfetamina e modafinil). Métodos: a qualidade do sono foi analisada utilizando-se o questionário de Pittsburgh (PSQI). Considerou-se um questionário sociodemográfico para identificaçãopsicossocial dos participantes e uso de nootrópicos. Os resultados foram representados como média e desvio-padrão (para as variáveis quantitativas) ou frequência (para as qualitativas), e as associações foram analisadas pelo teste de qui-quadrado.Resultados: responderam ao questionário 362 alunos. Os níveis médios de PSQI global em estudantes com uso recente não prescrito de nootrópicos foi semelhante ao observado para estudantes que nunca usaram nootrópicos (7,76 vs. 7,73; p=0,96). A análise do PSQI por domínio específico também não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significativa. Observou-se que 23,6% das mulheres e 33,9% dos homens tiveram boa qualidade do sono, sendo essa diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,04). O uso de seis doses ou mais de bebida alcoólica esteve relacionado com níveis mais altos do PSQI (7,47 vs. 8,19; p=0,047). Alunos com qualidade do sono ruim apresentaram menor satisfação com a escolha profissional (OR = 1.84; IC95%= 1.09 - 3.11), menor percepção de aquisição de habilidades (OR = 1.96; IC95% = 1.16 - 3.31) e maior proporção de pensamentos relacionados a abandonar o curso (OR = 0,46; IC95% = 0,27 - 0,77). O uso recente e não prescrito de nootrópicos esteve associado ao uso de maconha e ao desejo de abandonar o curso.
Pós-Graduação Lato Sensu: como alinhar as demandas regionais e a vocação das instituições de ensino superior?
Authors: Favretto Jacir , Echeveste Marcia Elisa Soares , Rodrigues Claudia Medianeira Cruz , Gumbowsky Argos , Miorando Bernardo Sfredo 
Published: July 2023

Uma Instituição de Educação Superior (IES) deve desenvolver suas atividades e direcionar as ações de forma a atender a legislação educacional vigente, as diretrizes estabelecidas no seu Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional e suas funções, atender as expectativas e demandas da região na qual se insere, visando o desenvolvimento regional. A estruturação da informação referente às demandas regionais é necessária para que a Instituição de Ensino Superior elabore e consolide seu Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional e, consequentemente, seus Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um modelo de sistematização de informações que relacione as demandas regionais com os objetos de conhecimento das IES, para orientar a criação e a atualização de cursos de pós-graduação lato sensu. Entende-se que essas informações dizem respeito ao ambiente interno e externo à IES, tendo como condicionantes, por exemplo, a legislação educacional e profissional, infraestrutura e plano estratégico da IES, contextos social, político, cultural e geográfico, e expectativas das organizações locais. Como principal resultado, o modelo habilita as IES a delinearem seus portfólios de objetos de conhecimentos associados aos cursos de pós-graduação lato sensu, facilitando o gerenciamento das informações para construção do Projeto Pedagógico desses cursos, contemplando a demanda regional e os objetos de conhecimentos a serem atendidos.
The Role of Testosterone Level in Women with Osteopenia
Authors: Taha Muzahem Mohialdeen , Taha Ekhlass M. , Mohammed Suhayla K. 
Published: July 2023

There is substantial data supporting the importance of both endogenous and exogenous estrogen in maintaining reproductive health and preventing chronic disease, androgens in women's health are rarely discussed. This is one of the first researches to investigate correlates of blood testosterone concentrations in women with osteopenia, in anticipation of the growing interest in the role of androgens in women's health. A 65 volunteer women were enrolled in the current study, they were divided into two groups, 35 postmenopausal women with osteopenia were in the first group, and the second group contained 30 postmenopausal women without osteopenia as a control. Blood samples were collected from all participants and analyzed for testosterone level, also demographic data were collected. The results showed that women with osteopenia have significantly low levels of testosterone as compared to control, the correlation analysis using postmenopausal women with osteopenia as a model showed a significant reversed correlation between testosterone and T score. Cluster analysis results illustrated that T-Score, testosterone and, duration of the postmenopausal were organized in one cluster, which means the three variables were associated with each other in most of the studied cases. The second cluster included t-score, testosterone and, BMI. Whereas the age factor contributed to the third cluster. Testosterone levels were significantly associated with osteopenia, which could indicate the development of osteoporosis in post-menopause women. Testosterone results were organized in one cluster with T-score and, duration of the postmenopausal. So the three variables were associated with each other in most studied cases.
TUNDAAN LALU LINTAS TERHADAP TINGKAT PELAYANAN JALAN
Authors: Garini Ardya , Sriharyani Leni , Kurniawan Septyanto 
Published: July 2023

Sejalan dengan pesatnya perkembangan kota, tuntutan lalu lintas yang semakin padat, dan permintaan masyarakat terhadap kendaraan yang semakin besar akan menambah kemacetan lalu lintas. Tidak seimbangnya jumlah lalu lintas dengan lebar efektif jalan, rendahnya tingkat pelayanan, pendeknya waktu hijau akan menyebabkan tundaan serta antrian lalu lintas pada persimpangan. Sebagaimana hal tersebut diatas, dicoba untuk melakukan analisa tundaan lalu lintas pada simpang bersinyal.
Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan dari MKJI 1997 (Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia) dengan meninjau persimpangan “Jalan Diponegoro – Jalan Raden Intan”. Perolehan data dilapangan yaitu, Geometrik Jalan, Volume Lalu Lintas, Waktu Sinyal, dan Panjang Antrian. Setelah perhitungan dilapangan, didapat nilai tundaan rata-rata 45,52 detik dengan tingkat pelayanan type E. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa kinerja simpang pada Jalan Diponegoro – Jalan Raden Intan yaitu rendah. Untuk itu, perlu adanya solusi seperti : menutup jalan Jl. K.H Ahmad Dahlan yang akan keluar/ masuk ke Jl. Diponegoro, merencanakan ulang waktu sinyal, perlu adanya rekayasa lalu lintas pada simpang bersinyal Jl. Diponegoro – Jl. Raden Intan.
TAHLILU BUNUD ASILAH MUTA’DDIDAH IKHTIYARAT AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYAH
Authors: Nasution Ali Fuddin , Rahmawati Baiq Laili , Salma Madian Fitri , Nur Qomari  , Syarifuddin M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
This study discussesed about the importance of vocabulary analysis in multiple choice, because look at the facts occur, the teacher was asked questions only based on the book without considering whether a different strength, level of difficulty or deceptive force. The purpose of this study was to analyzed in the form of the differential power, difficulty and the deceptive power found among the students of the second grade-A at Khairuddin High School Gondanglegi Malang. This research uses a mixed research method. Data collection methods using documentation and data analysis using content analysis techniques. Data sources in this study are primary data sources in the form of documents on the results of student assessments and secondary data sources in the form of supporting references from research articles and related books. The results of this study are: 1) The discriminatory power of 60% is very low and 40% is low, medium and difficult category must be reviewed but the difficulty without be reviewed. 2) The difficulty level of the questions is 46.66% easy, 26.66% medium, 26.66% difficult. 3) The deceptive power, there was 16 options that were accepted so that they could be used immediately without review.

Keywords: Item analysis, test difficulty level, discriminatory power, deceptive power
Relación entre la nutrición y la degeneración macular
Authors: Hoyos Triviño Yuli Jessica , Tamara Córdoba German Guillermo , Yepes Sarmiento Aura Patricia , Álvarez Suárez Luis Carlos 
Published: July 2023

Entre las causas de discapacidad visual y pérdida de la visión se destaca la degeneración macular relacionada con la edad, la cual se caracteriza por afectar la región macular de la retina, afectando a más de 200 millones de personas a nivel mundial. Su fisiopatología no está completamente definida, pero se conoce una participación de diferentes mecanismos incluyendo la parte del metabolismo, factores funcionales, genéticos y ambientales. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos en inglés y español con diferentes descriptores. Como resultado, se destacan dos reportes de casos en los cuales se describen diferentes aspectos relacionados con la degeneración macular y el papel de la nutrición, así como diferentes factores de riesgo desencadenantes de dicha enfermedad. Por lo que nos permite concluir, la relación directa entre la nutrición y la degeneración macular.
Pengorbanan Zoroaster bagi Sang Mesias: Penelusuran Identitas orang Majus yang Menghampiri Bayi Yesus
Authors: Setyobekti Andreas Budi , Wariki Valentino , Christanto Andreas , Hosea Amos 
Published: July 2023

The book of Matthew records the virgin birth of Jesus and then turns to the coming of the Magi from the East to see Jesus being born in Bethlehem. The Magi came from a faraway land guided by a bright star different from the other stars. They are synonymous with people who have knowledge of nature and can interpret the stars. Another view states that they are priests from Persia who work as interpreters of dreams. Examining these characteristics, it is suspected that they are Zoroastrians. This research aims to reveal the identity of the Magi, who brought gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh to Jesus. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a historical research approach. The results of the research show that there is a relationship between the Zoroastrians and the birth of Jesus. The birth of Jesus was written in non-Jewish treatises so that the news of human salvation has spread to nations, not just Jews.

Abstrak
Kitab Matius mencatat kelahiran Yesus dari seorang perawan, dan kemudian beralih kepada kedatangan dari orang Majus dari Timur untuk melihat Yesus yang lahir di Betlehem. Orang Majus datang dari negeri jauh dituntun oleh bintang terang yang berbeda dengan bintang lainnya. Mereka identik dengan orang yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang alam dan mampu menafsirkan bintang. Pandangan lain menyatakan mereka sebagai imam dari Persia yang berprofesi sebagai penafsir mimpi. Menelisik kepada ciri-ciri tersebut, maka diduga mereka adalah kaum Zoroaster. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan identitas orang Majus yang membawa persembahan emas, kemenyan, dan mur kepada Yesus. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan penelitian sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kaum Zoroaster dengan kelahiran Yesus. Kelahiran Yesus sudah ditulis dalam risalah-risalah non-Yahudi, sehingga kabar keselamatan manusia sudah tersebar di bangsa-bangsa, bukan hanya Yahudi.