bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vectorization via Siderophores Increases Antibacterial Activity of K(RW)3 Peptides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Olshvang Evgenia , Fritsch Sarah , Scholtyssek Oliver C. , Schalk Isabelle J. , Metzler‐Nolte Nils 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA series of new conjugates comprised from a small synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and a siderophore‐type vector component was designed and tested for activity on P. aeruginosa PAO1 and several genetically modified strains. As AMP, the well‐established arginine‐tryptophane combination K(RW)3 (P1) was chosen with an added lysine for siderophore attachment. This peptide is easy to prepare, modify, and possesses good anti‐bacterial activity. On the vector part, we examined several moieties: (i) the natural siderophore deferoxamine (DFO); (ii) bidentate iron chelators based on the hydroxamate building block (4 a–c) ; (iii) the non‐siderophore chelators deferasirox (DFX) and deferiprone‐carboxylate (DFP‐COOH). All conjugates were prepared by solid phase synthesis techniques and fully characterized by HPLC and mass spectrometry (including HR‐MS). 55Fe uptake assays indicate a receptor‐mediated uptake for 4 a–c, DFP‐COOH and DFO, which is dependent on the outer membrane transporter FoxA in the case of DFO. All conjugates showed increased antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa compared to the parent peptide P1 alone when investigated in iron‐depleted medium. MIC values were as low as 2 μM (for P1‐DFP) on wild type P. aeruginosa. The activity of P1‐DFO and P1‐DFP was even better on genetically mutated strains unable to produce siderophores (down to 0.5 μM). Although the DFX vector on its own was not able to transport iron inside the bacterial cell as shown by 55Fe uptake studies, the P1‐DFX conjugate had excellent antibacterial activity compared to P1 (2 μM, and as low as 0.25 μM on a receptor‐deficient strain unable to produce siderophores), suggesting that the conjugates were indeed recognized and internalized by an (unknown) transporter. Control experiments with an equimolar mixture of P1 and DFX confirm that the observed activity is intrinsic to vectorization. This work thus demonstrates the power of linking small AMPs covalently to siderophores for a new class of Trojan Horse antibiotics, with P1‐DFP and P1‐DFX being the most potent conjugates.
Nomogram for predicting coronary artery lesions in patients with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Jing , Yue Yang‐hua , Liu Yu , Xie Tian , Peng Jian‐qiao , Deng Zhong‐hua , Cao You‐de 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoronary artery lesions are the most important complications of Kawasaki disease. Approximately 25–30% of untreated patients develop coronary artery disease, which can lead to long‐term cardiovascular sequelae.AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors for coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease and to construct a nomogram for predicting the likelihood of developing such lesions.MethodsData from 599 patients between January 2012 and June 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to the training set (n = 450) and the validation set (n = 149). A comparison of clinical features and laboratory data was performed, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors and develop the nomogram. The predictive efficiency of the nomogram was evaluated using the calibration curve, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), C‐index, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance, delayed IVIG treatment, C‐reactive protein, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were identified as independent risk factors for the development of coronary artery lesions. The nomogram was constructed based on these four variables. The calibration curve of the nomogram showed a high degree of agreement between the predicted probability and the actual probability. The AUC of the nomogram in the training and validation set was 0.790 and 0.711, respectively. In addition, DCA revealed that the nomogram provided a significant net benefit, further supporting its clinical utility.ConclusionsThe constructed nomogram demonstrates a strong and reliable performance in predicting coronary artery lesions, which enables clinicians to make timely and tailored clinical decisions.
Exploring the human microbiome – A step forward for precision medicine in breast cancer
Authors: Jotshi Asmita , Sukla Krishna Kishore , Haque Mohammed Monzoorul , Bose Chandrani , Varma Binuja , Koppiker C. B. , Joshi Sneha , Mishra Rupa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe second most frequent cancer in the world and the most common malignancy in women is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a significant health concern in India with a high mortality‐to‐incidence ratio and presentation at a younger age.Recent FindingsRecent studies have identified gut microbiota as a significant factor that can have an influence on the development, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer. This review article aims to describe the influence of microbial dysbiosis on breast cancer occurrence and the possible interactions between oncobiome and specific breast cancer molecular subtypes. The review further also discusses the role of epigenetics and diet/nutrition in the regulation of the gut and breast microbiome and its association with breast cancer prevention, therapy, and recurrence. Additionally, the recent technological advances in microbiome research, including next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, genome sequencing, single‐cell sequencing, and microbial metabolomics along with recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have also been reviewed. This is an attempt to present a comprehensive status of the microbiome as a key cancer biomarker.ConclusionWe believe that correlating microbiome and carcinogenesis is important as it can provide insights into the mechanisms by which microbial dysbiosis can influence cancer development and progression, leading to the potential use of the microbiome as a tool for prognostication and personalized therapy.
A single‐stage bridgeless isolated positive output Cuk configuration‐based unidirectional onboard battery charger
Authors: Sivaperumal Narthana , Jothimani Gnanavadivel 
Published: August 2023

SummaryAs power factor correction rectifiers play a key component of electric vehicle (EV) battery charger, the advancements in designing of improved power quality‐based EV charger become more significant in modern era. This article exposes a single‐stage bridgeless isolated positive output (BIPO) Cuk PFC converter with a noninverted output signal. The input diode rectifier present at the input is redeemed by the bridgeless topology that eliminates the serious power quality (PQ) issues and proffers the eminent charging solution for the light electric vehicles (LEV). Unlike the conventional Cuk converter, the noninverted outcome of the BIPO converter does not require a separate amplifier for converting negative to positive output voltage. The preferred charger utilizes a single voltage and current sensor to synchronize the battery charging control in the constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) phases of charging. Therefore, the converter encompasses intrinsic zero current switching (ZCS) and offers low‐cost solution to the charger with reduced control complexities. The extensive state space approach is executed to analyze the marginal stability of the presented system. Moreover, the detailed loss modeling is addressed to show the charger's efficacy curve at the standard conditions. A hardware prototype of 350 W, 60 V/4 A charger is implemented to validate its steady‐state and dynamic performance.
Combining loop and thiazide diuretics for acute heart failure across the estimated glomerular filtration rate spectrum: A post‐hoc analysis of the CLOROTIC trial
Authors: Trullàs Joan Carles , Morales‐Rull José Luís , Casado Jesús , Carrera‐Izquierdo Margarita , Sánchez‐Marteles Marta , Conde‐Martel Alicia , Dávila‐Ramos Melitón Francisco , Llácer Pau , Salamanca‐Bautista Prado , Chivite David , Jordana‐Comajuncosa Rosa , Villalonga Maria , Páez‐Rubio María Inmaculada , Manzano Luís , Formiga Francesc 
Published: August 2023

AimsIn patients with acute heart failure (AHF), the addition of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) to furosemide improved diuretic response in the CLOROTIC trial. This work aimed to evaluate if these effects differ across the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) spectrum.Methods and resultsThis post‐hoc analysis of the CLOROTIC trial analysed 230 patients with AHF and explored the influence of eGFR on primary and secondary endpoints. The median eGFR was 43 ml/min/1.73 m2 (range 14–109) and 23% had eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (group 1), 24% from 45 to 59 ml/min/1.73 m2 (group 2), and 53% <45 ml/min/1.73 m2 (group 3). Patients treated with HCTZ had greatest weight loss at 72 h in all three groups, but patients in group 1 had a significantly greater response (−2.1 kg [−3.0 to 0.5]), compared to patients in groups 2 (−1.3 kg [−2.3 to 0.2]) and 3 (−0.1 kg [−1.3 to 0.4]) (p‐value for interaction = 0.246). At 96 h, the differences in weight were −1.8 kg (−3.0 to −0.3), −1.4 kg (−2.6 to 0.3), and −0.5 kg (−1.3 to −0.1) in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (p‐value for interaction = 0.256). There were no significant differences observed with the addition of HCTZ in terms of diuretic response, mortality or rehospitalizations, or safety endpoints (impaired renal function, hyponatraemia, and hypokalaemia) among the three eGFR groups (all p‐values for interaction were no significant).ConclusionThe addition of eGFR‐adjusted doses of oral HCTZ to loop diuretics in patients with AHF improved diuretic response across the eGFR spectrum.Clinical Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01647932; EudraCT number: 2013–001852‐36.
The Old Polyoxometalates in New Application as Molecular Resistive Switching Memristors
Authors: Yang Hailong , Yue Guoli , Li Tao , Du Lingling , Li Haohong , Chen Zhirong , Zheng Shoutian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe coming big‐data era has created a huge demand for next‐generation memory technologies with characters of higher data‐storage densities, faster access speeds, lower power consumption and better environmental compatibility. In this field, the design of resistive switching active materials is pivotal but challengeable. Polyoxometalates (POMs) are promising candidates for next‐generation molecular memristors due to their versatile redox characters, excellent electron reservoirs and good compatibility/convenience in microelectronics processing. In this review, five kinds of POM‐based active materials in nonvolatile memories (inorganic POMs, crystalline organic‐inorganic hybrid POMOFs, polymer modified POMs, POM/transition metal oxides composites and the deposition of POM on metal surfaces) were described. The components of POMs active materials, device fabrications, device parameters, and resistive switching mechanisms relative to their structures were summarized. Finally, challenges and future perspectives of POMs‐based memristors were also presented.
Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: Method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications—Updated and completely revised edition
Authors: Krebs Finja , Zagst Holger , Stein Matthias , Ratih Ratih , Minkner Robert , Olabi Mais , Hartung Sophie , Scheller Christin , Lapizco‐Encinas Blanca H. , Sänger‐van de Griend Cari , García Carlos D. , Wätzig Hermann 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis review is in support of the development of selective, precise, fast, and validated capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. It follows up a similar article from 1998, Wätzig H, Degenhardt M, Kunkel A. “Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications,” pointing out which fundamentals are still valid and at the same time showing the enormous achievements in the last 25 years. The structures of both reviews are widely similar, in order to facilitate their simultaneous use. Focusing on pharmaceutical and biological applications, the successful use of CE is now demonstrated by more than 600 carefully selected references. Many of those are recent reviews; therefore, a significant overview about the field is provided. There are extra sections about sample pretreatment related to CE and microchip CE, and a completely revised section about method development for protein analytes and biomolecules in general. The general strategies for method development are summed up with regard to selectivity, efficiency, precision, analysis time, limit of detection, sample pretreatment requirements, and validation.
Frequency‐dependent response of a rigid disk on a transversely isotropic soil layer subjected to horizontal motion
Authors: Yang Zijian , Zou Xinjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe transverse isotropy of soil induced by geological processes over a long period has attracted considerable attention, which can lead to significant differences in the origination, propagation and attenuation of the stand waves compared with purely isotropic soil. Considering that the circular geometry is most common in many engineering, an analytical investigation of the dynamic behavior of a rigid disk resting on the transversely isotropic soil layer overlying the rigid bedrock under forced horizontal displacements is presented in this paper. Firstly, the governing equations of soil motion are established based on the elasticity theory of cylindrical coordinate system. Secondly, a set of partial differential equations for this class of problems are decoupled to ordinary differential forms by virtue of complete potential functions, Fourier expansion method and Hankel transform technique. Furthermore, the displacements, strains and stresses formulation in term of the spatial domain under general boundary conditions are obtained with success. For validation, dynamic boundary value problems in the finite‐layered soil containing transversely isotropic materials are degenerated to the isotropic solution corresponding to elastic half‐space. After that, various examples are also included to investigate the influence of the elastic modulus ratio, shear modulus ratio and thickness of soil layer on the dynamic response of the system. The numerical results suggest that the soil anisotropy and soil layer thickness have a non‐neglectful effect on the horizontal dynamic vibration of the rigid disk.
Agricultural Use of Insecticides Alters Homeostatic Behaviors and Cognitive Ability in Lymnaea stagnalis
Authors: Kowall Cassidy A. , Batabyal Anuradha , Lukowiak Ken , Phillips Iain D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lymnaea stagnalis is an ecologically important, stress-sensitive, freshwater mollusk that is at risk for exposure to insecticides via agricultural practices. We provide insight into the impact insecticides have on L. stagnalis by comparing specific behaviors including feeding, locomotion, shell regeneration, and cognition between snails collected at two different sites: one contaminated by insecticides and one not. We hypothesized that each of the behaviors would be altered in the insecticide-exposed snails and that similar alterations would be induced when control snails were exposed to the contaminated environment. We found no significant differences in locomotion, feeding, and shell regeneration of insecticide-exposed L. stagnalis compared with nonexposed individuals. Significant changes in feeding and shell repair were observed in nonexposed snails inhabiting insecticide-contaminated pond water. Most importantly, snails maintained and trained in insecticide-contaminated pond water did not form configural learning, but this cognitive deficit was reversed when these snails were maintained in insecticide-free pond water. Our findings conclude that insecticides have a primarily negative impact on this higher form of cognition in L. stagnalis. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2466–2477. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
The use of OBIA and petrography in the study of stone masonry: The case of La Palma, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Authors: Rodríguez Osorio Daniel , Weber Scharff Marion , Izurieta Dayan Danilo , Agudelo Bermúdez Andrés , Renjifo Jonathan , Knight Joseph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this case study, rubble masonry walls from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Northern Colombia were investigated. We applied a combined object‐based image analysis (OBIA), photogrammetry, and petrography method to characterize and determine the provenance of the materials used in three targeted terraces of the archaeological site of La Palma. In situ data acquisition included detailed photographic records and petrographic descriptions of a selected section of masonry walls, as well as mapping of local geological units. Photographs were processed using OBIA. The data obtained allowed characterization and systematization of the constructive elements, via parameters that include architectural function within the construction (headers, stretchers, and wedges), roundness, and lithotype. This methodology enabled us to identify the source of the lithotypes from local rock outcrops (metagranodiorite and schist) as well as rock boulders and cobbles from the nearby riverbeds. The results suggest that pre‐Hispanic communities had knowledge of the properties of the geological resources available in the region, which they used to build masonry that has endured more than five centuries. Vertical differences identified in segments of different terrace walls suggest changes in the constructive process and therefore may serve to determine a construction chronology.
Optimizing diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women and girls of reproductive age: Clinical opinion
Authors: Auerbach Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIron deficiency (ID) is the world's most common disorder and one of the top five causes of years lived with disability. Whereas low serum ferritin is diagnostic of ID, ferritin—an acute phase reactant—may be elevated in inflammatory states and the first trimester of pregnancy even if ID exists. Consequently, in early pregnancy or chronic inflammation, percent transferrin saturation (TSAT) measurement is the best indicator of iron status. Unfortunately, current guidelines do not recommend routine screening for ID in either pregnant or nonpregnant women in the absence of anemia. This circumstance should be urgently reviewed based on available data. While oral formulations have long been the standard for iron replacement therapy and are widely available and inexpensive, oral iron is frequently associated with adverse gastrointestinal effects for the majority—a major reason for poor adherence, inadequate repletion, and persisting ID symptoms and sequellae. Although safe intravenous iron administration was introduced in the mid‐1950s, formulations with cores binding the elemental iron more tightly became available in the 2000s, allowing complete and safe replacement, even in a single setting. Prospectively acquired neonatology evidence reports oral iron's failure to reach the developing fetus when the mother is iron deficient. Consequently, while oral iron remains frontline in the first trimester because of insufficient safety data for intravenous iron, the author recommends that the intravenous route should be the gold standard for second‐trimester ID when hemoglobin concentrations are less than 10.5 g/dL and for all iron‐deficient women in their third trimester.
Relationship between reduced scattering coefficient and intracranial pressure in clinical patients under different brain edema states
Authors: Wang Shaobo , Chen Zaoqin , Liu Yangyang , Liu Yubing , Qian Zhiyu , Meng Lin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is a lack of a safe and effective technology to monitor intracranial pressure accurately and non‐destructively. In this paper, the relationship between reduced scattering coefficient and intracranial pressure in clinical patients under different brain edema states was studied. First, the brain edema MC simulation model was constructed based on different types of brain edema. The results laid a foundation for clinical ICP detection. Second, the changes of ICP and reduced scattering coefficient caused by brain edema were studied in clinical application. It was found that when the patient developed brain edema, the reduced scattering coefficient and ICP showed corresponding changes. Finally, the mathematical model of invasive ICP and reduced scattering coefficient was established. It was found that the sensitivity of 834 nm light to brain tissue changes was higher than that of 692 nm light, which could be used to reflect the changes of brain tissue physiological state.
Metastasectomy for oligometastatic bone disease of the appendicular skeleton: A concise review
Authors: Kafchinski Lisa A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs the life expectancy of patients with carcinomas improves, there is an associated increase in the risk of development of metastatic bone disease. Patients with solitary or oligometastatic bone disease of the appendicular skeleton may benefit from metastasectomy and reconstruction to improve overall survival. Specifically, patients with renal cell carcinoma and a solitary metastatic bone lesion will have long‐term survival benefit from metastasectomy and reconstruction. There remains controversy in the literature about metastasectomy for solitary metastatic bone disease in other common carcinomas, such as breast and thyroid.
To dress up or not: Political identity and dog owners' purchase of dog apparels
Authors: Xia Lan , Zhong Wenting , Wang Joyce (Feng) 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDogs have become an essential part of many consumers' everyday lives as well as their purchase and consumption considerations. This research investigates dog owners' affective reactions (i.e., disgust) to dogs wearing clothes and their purchase of dog apparel influenced by owners' political identities. We find an interesting pattern where conservatives (relative to liberals) experience higher disgust for dogs wearing clothes but are more likely to purchase dog apparel. We propose that liberals and conservatives endorse different moral values leading to different human‐animal relationship beliefs, as reflected in speciesism (i.e., human superiority). Conservatives have higher speciesism beliefs, leading to both higher feelings of disgust and purchase of dog apparel due to status signaling. The effects are further moderated by the type of apparel, with a stronger effect for nonfunctional (vs. functional) clothes. In three studies, we surveyed dog owners and non‐owners and conducted an experiment to demonstrate these effects. We also provide managerial implications in terms of designing and marketing pet apparels.