bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venture Capital and Growth of Small and Medium- Sized Enterprises in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Muhuhu Monicah Wambui , Ngali Richard , Wepukhulu Joshua Matanda 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The goal of the study was to look into the impact of Venture Capital financing on the growth of SMEs in Kenya's Kiambu County. The specific objectives included to assess the influence of Venture Capital financial support, Venture Capital managerial support, Venture Capital technical support and attracting other sources of Venture Capital financing on growth of SMEs in Kiambu County.
Methodology: To achieve the goals, the study used a descriptive research approach. The target demographic included all 889SMEs in Kiambu County that are listed in the Kiambu Business Directory-(2021). The study used questionnaires and secondary data sheet as the data collection tools. The data collected was coded, quantified, processed and synthesized quantitatively and qualitatively.
Findings: The study found that financial support, managerial support, technical support and Venture Capital monitoring affects the growth of SMEs in Kiambu County. The study found that in overall Venture Capital affects the growth of SMEs in Kiambu County to a great extent. The study concludes that financial support offers essential paths for increasing the pool of trained labor, increasing the output of goods and services, creating jobs and providing opportunity to develop entrepreneurial and management abilities. Through Venture Capital managerial support, creative skills, research skills, and strategic technologies are provided which are positively associated with firm growth. Venture Capital monitoring frameworks are responsible for observation of business operations, standard of measurements are crucial in preventing business failures, and vibrant transparency and accountability measures are important in directing enterprises development endeavors. From the inferential analysis, an increase in the Venture Capital financing aspects leads to growth of SMEs in Kiambu County.
Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends the SMEs in the County to partner with Venture Capitalists to benefit from financial support for greater successes. Venture Capital firms and SMEs to work together to form a friendly relationship through multi-party cooperation which will pave way for monitoring of the inputs and outputs of the Venture Capital.
DESARROLLO DE AMBIENTES INMERSIVOS PARA LA FORMACIÓN EN DESARROLLO TERRITORIAL
Authors: BUSON CARLOS BUESA , ZAMBERLAN CARLOS OCTAVIO 
Published: May 2023

Há um debate considerável sobre a forma de como devem ser os métodos de ensino adaptados em uma sociedade que entra em sua quarta revolução industrial. Na área da formação a tecnologia é um aspecto a considerar ao projetar materiais educativos adaptados às necessidades exigidas pela sociedade atual. São necessárias pesquisas para buscar e analisar as possibilidades de novos materiais e ambientes de aprendizagem. Neste trabalho é analisada a possibilidade de incorporar materiais multimédia imersivos utilizados em materiais de treinamento especificamente aplicados para o desenvolvimento territorial. Através de métodos qualitativos, baseados na análise léxica e de conteúdo observa uma percepção positiva na utilização destas tecnologias na educação.
COMMERCIALIZATION OF AGRIFOOD PRODUCTS THROUGH PNAE AND PAA: A STUDY WITH SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN PARANÁ, BRAZIL
Authors: Bánkuti Sandra Mara Schiavi , Culti Maria Nezilda , Guimarães Amanda Ferreira , Cezar Arthur de Canini , Pinto Gheysa Julio 
Published: May 2023

Commercialization has been highlighted as one the main obstacles for farmers in Brazil. Public policies have encouraged smallholder farmers to increase commercialization through institutional markets, named National School Feeding Program (PNAE) and Food Acquisition Program (PAA). The aim of this paper is to analyze commercialization of agrifood products by smallholder farmers in Paraná, Brazil, including PNAE and PAA programs. Empirical research comprised primary data from interviews with 27 smallholders in Paiçandu, Paraná. Results indicated that most farmers participate individually of PNAE and PAA, and main products are vegetables and processed products. Main advantages of PAA and PNAE are the assurance of sale, followed by prices. Main difficulties concern scale and assurance of supply, besides relative prices, especially for those accessing short channels. Collective actions would help farmers to overcome difficulties, and create opportunities for developing other channels, such as collective street markets.
VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE ENERGIA SOLAR EM SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO HIDROPONICA.
Authors: Souza Sulma Vanessa , Gimenes Régio Marcio Toesca 
Published: May 2023

Objetivou-se investigar a viabilidade econômico-financeira do uso de energia solar fotovoltaica em sistemas de produção hidropônica na cidade de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Como critério de avaliação da viabilidade econômica do projeto foram utilizadas as técnicas do Valor Presente Liquido (VPL), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR), Taxa Interna de Retorno Modificada (TIRM), Índice de Valor Presente (IVP) e Payback Descontado (PBd), a partir da determinação de uma taxa Mínima de Atratividade de 9,1060% ao ano para o produtor rural. O investimento inicial para a implantação do projeto foi estimado em R$ 95.855,00 a ser desembolsado no ano zero e um valor adicional de R$ 19.864,35 a ser desembolsado no ano 16. A análise de viabilidade apresentou um VPL de R$ 109.261,83, TIR de 20,90%, TIRM de 16,80%, VAE de R$ 11.137,96, (IVP) 1,94 e PBd de 6,17 anos, dessa forma, constatou-se que a implantação do projeto é economicamente viável.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF FAMILY AFFECTIVE FUNCTION TO ADOLESCENT EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN RT 13 RW 06 KOTA LAMA MALANG
Authors: Rosdiana Yanti , Leki Supri Taba , Purnawati Tantri Ajeng 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Adolescence is a period of stressful transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescents are social beings, the more positive the family function, the better the emotional intelligence of adolescents, and vice versa. The purpose of this study was to determine the affective function of the family on the emotional intelligence of adolescents in Rt 13 Rw 06 Kelurahan Kota Lama Malang. The research used cross sectional design. The population of this study were all adolescents in Kota Lama Malang Sub-District as many as 67 people with a total sample of 47 people. Samples were taken by Simple Random Sampling technique. The independent variable is the affective function of the family, the dependent variable is emotional intelligence. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data analysis used the fisher's exact test. The results showed that the majority of respondents had family affective function in the good category, most of the respondents had emotional intelligence in the good category and there was a relationship between family affective function and adolescent emotional intelligence in Rt 13 Rw 06 Kelurahan Kota Lama Malang with p = (0.000) . Based on the results of this study, it is hoped that adolescents will be able to control their emotional intelligence properly by listening to their parents and teachers at school.

Keywords: Family Affective Function; Emotional Intelligence And Adolescents
ANALISIS FAKTOR MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN PETANI MENERAPKAN SISTEM TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO DI DESA ULAK SEGELUNG KECAMATAN INDRALAYA KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR
Authors: Muhamad Muhamad , Ahmadi Nur 
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan petani menerapkan teknologi sistem tanam jajar legowo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Ulak Segelung Kecamatan Indralaya Kabupaten Ogan Ilir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei terhadap petani yang berusahatani padi dengan sistem tanam jajar legowo. Metode penarikan contoh yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah acak berlapis berimbang (Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling). Adapun besarnya jumlah petani contoh yang ditetapkan dalam penelitian ini dari masing masing kelompok sebanyak 50 % petani contoh, yaitu petani dengan sistem tanam jajar legowo sebanyak 30 orang.Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, faktor pengalaman, pendapatan usahatani, luas panen dan produktivitas berpengaruh nyata terhadap keputusan petani dalam menerapkan sistem tanam jajar legowo, sedangkan lama pendidikan, jumlah tangungan keluarga, total pendapatan petani, biaya usahatani, dan tenaga kerja berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap keputusan petani dalam menerapkan sistem tanam jajar legowo.
Análisis de la diversidad en programas de formación inicial docente de pedagogía básica
Authors: Millán La Rivera Cecilia , González-García Gustavo , López Barraza Andrea , Vizcarra Rebolledo Ruby , Reyes Ochoa Luis 
Published: May 2023

Esta investigación se sitúa en el contexto de las profundas desigualdades que existen en Chile, las que afectan principalmente a los grupos clasificados como diversos: mujeres, pueblos originarios, disidencias sexuales, condición de pobreza, migrantes, entre otros. En este contexto interesó conocer de qué manera la formación inicial docente contribuye a través de la mención de estos grupos en los programas de curso a la perpetuación de esta realidad. Es un estudio cualitativo en el que se revisaron todos los programas de curso (298) de la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Básica de seis universidades chilenas, seleccionando aquellos que mencionan la palabra diversidad o algún grupo asociado a ella. De esa totalidad, se analizó los grupos asociados a diversidad que se mencionan y la finalidad con la que se nombran. Se concluye que los grupos diversos se mencionan de manera acotada y en pocos cursos, encontrándose solo en 46. El único grupo presente en todas las instituciones es el de Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE). Por último, frente a la diversidad de género, pueblos originarios, clase social, migrantes y diversidad sexual, predomina su valoración positiva, sin considerar sus tensiones, conflictos, discriminaciones y la desigualdad que viven.
Peningkatan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar PPKn Melalui Discovery Learning Berbantuan Aplikasi Wordwall Games
Authors: Puspitarini Dyah 
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan discovery learning berbantuan aplikasi wordwall game pada materi integrasi nasional kelas X MIPA-1 SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan dokumentasi, di uraikan dengan menghitung persentase kenaikan nilai keaktifan dan persentase kenaikan hasil belajar, kemudian diinterpretasikan dan dibandingkan dengan indikator keberhasilan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model belajar discovery berbantuan aplikasi wordwall game dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa. Nilai keaktifan pada siklus I sebesar 61,92% menjadi 74,31% pada siklus II (meningkat sebesar 12,39%). Keaktifan individu kategori sedang-tinggi dari 66,67 % pada siklus I menjadi 89,89% pada siklus II (meningkat sebesar 23,22%). Hasil belajar aspek pengetahuan pada siklus I nilai rata-rata 74,44, menjadi 87,30 pada siklus II (meningkat sebesar 12,86). Jumlah siswa yang tuntas pada siklus I sebanyak 19 siswa (52,78%) dan pada siklus II sebanyak 30 siswa (83,33%), meningkat sebesar 30,55%. Hasil belajar aspek keterampilan kategori sangat baik meningkat dari 3 siswa (8,33%) pada siklus I menjadi 9 siswa (25%) pada siklus II. Sedangkan hasil belajar aspek sikap tidak terjadi perubahan yang drastis, namun beberapa siswa menunjukkan peningkatan perilaku pada aspek ketertiban dan ketaatan terhadap aturan, sehingga nilai kategori sangat baik meningkat dari 6 siswa (16,67%) pada siklus 1 menjadi 10 siswa (27,78%) pada siklus 2.
Treatment of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis; Antibiotics Versus Conservative Surgery
Authors: Alam AsadUllah , Saif Anas Bin , Khan Adnan Aqil , Khan Kashif , Abbasi Shahzad Ahmed , Tariq Mansoor 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To assess the outcome in patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis being treated with antibiotics alone with those being treated with antibiotics coupled with conservative surgery.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi from Feb to Aug 2016.
Methodology: Sixty patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis, fulfilling inclusion criteria, were included in this study. They were divided into two groups of 30 each. The "Antibiotic-Group” received only antibiotics while, the "Surgical-Group" underwent surgery in addition to antibiotics.
Results: There were 37 males (61.66%) and 23 females (38.33%). The average age of patients was 59.72±9.79 years. 20 patients (66.67%) had full recovery in the Surgical-Group, and in the Antibiotics-Group, 18 patients (60%) had healed wounds (pvalue=0.599)
Conclusion: The outcome of antibiotics only and conservative surgery plus antibiotics is similar.
Clinicopathological Study of Hysterectomy at PNS SHIFA Karachi
Authors: Anwar Rabiah , Samreen Aini , Anwar Sobia 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To analyses the clinical indication of abdominal hysterectomy with the histopathological findings.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, PNS Shifa, Karachi Pakistan, from Jul 2017 to Jun 2019.
Methodology: During the study period, we obtained data of patients’ age, parity, presenting complaint, clinical features,indication and type of hysterectomy and histopathology reports of all hysterectomy specimens. A comparison between clinical indication and histopathological findings was made.
Results: During the study period, 180 hysterectomies were performed. Heavy menstrual bleeding due to fibroid uterus was seen in 76(42.22%) cases, followed by menstrual irregularities without organic pathology in 39(21.80%) cases. The commonest histopathological diagnosis was leiomyoma/fibroid in 78 cases (43.33%), followed by chronic cervicitis in 59 cases (32.77%).Preoperatively, 76 cases (42.22%) were diagnosed with fibroid uterus, but histopathology of 78(43.33%) showed fibroid uterus.Moreover, 39(21.80%) cases had a pre-operative diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding without organic pathology.However, histopathology confirmed only 22(12.22%) cases. Incidentally, on histopathology, we observed chronic cervicitis in 59(32.77%) cases.
Conclusion: The fibroid uterus is the most commonly identified pathology. 79.44% of cases confirmed the clinical diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis. The clinical and histopathological correlation was 100% in cases of leiomyoma, cervical and endometrial polyp.
Evaluation of Adjusted Calcium Levels in Patients of Chronic Renal Failure with Hypo-Albuminemia
Authors: Habib Hunain , Haroon Zujaja Hina , Aamir Muhammad , Munir Muhammad Usman , Irum Sobia , Javed Haroon 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare adjusted calcium levels with ionised Calcium in chronic renal failure patients with hypoalbuminemia for the correct assessment of their Calcium status.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar 2020 to Jan 2021.
Methodology: A total of 304 individuals aged 18 to 90 years, of either gender were included in the study. Participants were differentiated into stages of Chronic renal failure based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated through the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Serum total Calcium, urea and creatinine were analysed on ADVIA 1800R Clinical Chemistry Auto analyser. In addition, ionised Calcium was analysed on Cobas b221 blood gas and electrolyte analyser.
Results: Mean age of the study participants was 56.3±16.03 years. 130(42.5%) individuals had stage-5 while 102(33.3%) had stage 4 chronic kidney disease. Based on ionised Calcium concentration, 37.3% of participants had hypocalcaemia, 57.2% had normocalcaemia, and 4.9% had hypercalcaemia. 57.5% had albumin concentration between 20-29g/L. Cohen’s Kappa statistical analysis showed adjusted Calcium to be a poor predictor of the correct Calcium status of the patients with hypoalbuminemia.
Conclusion: Adjusted Calcium, using the Modified Payne formula, overestimates Calcium status in patients of chronic renal failure with hypoalbuminemia when compared with total unadjusted Calcium levels hence misclassifying true hypocalcaemic patients as normocalcaemic.Keywords: Adjusted calcium, Chronic renal failure, Estimated glomerular filtration rate, Hypoalbuminemia, Ionised calcium.
Assessment of Frequency and Composition of Renal Stones in a Reference Laboratory of Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Afshan , Aamir Muhammad , Riaz Maria , Haroon Zujaja Hina , Kirmani Sobia Irum , Javaid Haroon 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine frequency and chemical composition of renal stones in Northern Pakistan using FTIR Spectroscopy.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan 2017 to Jul 2020.
Methodology: One thousand and twenty-nine stones were analysed in 3 years at AFIP of patients aged from 1 to 98 years. They were analysed by Automatic FT-IR type IRAffinity-1. The results were verified by manual analysis of spectrograms and then confirmed by standard peaks feed on NICODOM LIBRARY.
Results: Calcium oxalate stones were the most frequent (1065,80.1%), followed by uric acid stones (179,13.5%), mixed stones (44,3.3%), calcium appetite (31,2.3%), struvite (6,0.5%), hydroxy appetite (1,0.1%) and cysteine stones (3,0.2%). Male predominance was noted in patients with renal stones (1057,79.5%). The majority of the patients were from the age group 21 –40 years (47.5%)
Conclusion: Calcium oxalate stones are most commonly followed by uric acid stones in patients of northern Pakistan. The frequency of renal stones is high in male patients.
Association of Mean Platelet Volume / Platelet Count Ratio with Clinical Severity and Infarct Volume in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Nayyar Muhammad Wasi , Mahmood Asad , Liaqat Jahanzeb , Robert Helen Mary , Mahmood Rafia , Khurshid Ayesha 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To examine the clinical severity and infarct volume of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) compared to control subjects by comparing the mean platelet volume/platelet count (MPV/PC) ratio.
Study Design: Cross-sectional (validation) study.
Place and Duration of Study: Acute Stroke Unit, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi, from Jul and Dec 2020.
Methodology: This study included 50 consecutive AIS patients (Group-1) and 50 healthy subjects (Group-2). An automated haemanalyser determined MPV and MPV/PC ratios. In addition, a modified Rankin Scale for the severity of AIS and ABC/2 method for infarct volume was used.
Results: This study comprised 69 males and 31 females. Statistical analysis showed that MPV and MPV/PC have significantly different mean values between Group-1 and Group-2 at a p-value of 0.001. In addition, according to the Rankin scale, a significant difference of means (p-value <0.001) of MPV and MPV/PC ratio was present between stroke patients with different infarct sizes. A higher CVA score per Rankin scale was associated with greater infarct size and higher MPV and MPV/PC values.
Conclusion: Higher MPV and MPV/PC ratios are related to AIS compared to healthy individuals. Even greater MPV and MPV/PC ratio values are associated with increased infarct size. MPV and MPV/PC ratio measurements are simple, rapid, and highly cost-effective laboratory markers for risk stratification and early detection of cerebrovascular stroke.
Forensic Age Estimation from Lower Third Molar Maturity Index
Authors: Ullah Ihsan , Khurshid Hira , Ahmed Iftikhar , Rehman Romisa , Atiq Saad 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To estimate age from mandibular third molar maturation stages in the patient presenting to the Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross-sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dentistry, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan, from Jun to Jul 2021.
Methodology: One hundred and fifty participants of either gender, ages 14 to 24 years, with good quality orthopantomogram (OPG) showing mandibular third molar tooth germs and Pakistani nationals were included. Participants with hypodontia, oligodontia, Amelogenesisimperfecta, Dentinogenesisimperfecta, history of trauma /fracture in the third molar region and any systemic disease were excluded. Data like age, gender and tooth maturation stages of right mandibular molars were recorded.
Results: The mean age was 16.76±2.19 years. In 111(74.9%) cases, the variation in chronological age can be explained by mandibular third molar maturation stages. The only statistically significant predictor for age was Demirjian's stage of lower third molar (p=0.002,95% CI=3.643-15.442), while gender was not a significant predictor.
Conclusion: The age can be estimated from the mandibular third molar with reliability in our population.
Diagnostic Accuracy of PET/CT in Detecting Aggressiveness of Lymphoma Based on Sub Uptake
Authors: Waqar Sana , Siddiqui Tariq Saeed , Sadiq Hafsa , Sarfraz Muhammad Haroon , Sarfraz Kiran , Mannan Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT in detecting aggressiveness of lymphoma based on sub-uptake keeping bone marrow biopsy as the gold standard.
Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Radiology and Imaging, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Sep 2020 to Mar 2021.
Methodology: One hundred thirty-eight patients of either gender, aged 20 to 80 years who were diagnosed with lymphoma (either Hodgkin’s or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) on initial PET/CT scan were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent PET/CT, and 18-FDG SUV was calculated. After obtaining values, all participants underwent bone marrow biopsy to determine the aggressiveness of lymphoma and findings were subjected to statistical analysis.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 54.92±16.86, and the mean SUV value was 17.04±8.03. There were 77(55.8%) males and 61(44.2%) females. Hodgkin’s lymphoma was present in 28 (20.3%) patients and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 110(79.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of 18 FDG PET/CT SUV were 92%, 92.2%, 93.2%, 90.9% and 92.1%, respectively.
Conclusion: 18-FDG PET/CT SUV has high diagnostic accuracy and can detect aggressive lymphomas and further specify the areas for biopsy.