bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing a process of organizing a scientific and educational Internet event
Authors: Avdosenko E. V. , Makarova E. A. , Kuidin A. A. 
Published: January 2023

Scientific and educational events are a relevant issue in the system of higher education. Modern challenging realities require new approaches to the event organization process, a clear differentiation of classroom and distance event forms, prioritization in their planning and conducting. The aim of the study is to develop a technique for organizing a scientific and educational Internet event and apply it while conducting a scientific student Internet conference.The research is based on the modern approaches to design and modeling, event management and reengineering. We collected and analyzed theoretical and empirical data, systematized, generalized and recorded it graphically.As a result, a five stage process of organizing a scientific and educational event has been designed. At first we created a model of educational event concept, chose an electronic form as optimal for organizing an event in new realities. The next stage was to create a scheme of preparing and holding an event, showing a set and sequence of actions. Further using the model of event concept and the scheme, we organized a scientific student conference in the electronic form, tested a new format of scientific communication. The final stage was the analysis of the conference results, a survey of participants, and a comparison with the metrics of previous years.The developed model of event concept and the scheme of preparing and holding an event include all procedures for organizing an event of any level and format; they can be used for preparing most educational events. Designing organizational processes in rapidly changing conditions is a challenging issue for modernization of teacher’s organizational and managerial activities.
Personalization of learning in programming on the example of the application of internet services
Authors: Sadykova F. E. 
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the concept of personalization of learning, actualizes the need to develop a model of the personalized learning in the field of vocational education in the context of the implementation of the National Program “Digital Economy”. Existing learning models created on the basis of a personalized approach are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the personalized, differentiated, individualized and adaptive learning is given. A model of personalization of learning in the study of programming through Internet services has been developed. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of introducing a model of personalization of learning when organizing programming classes in professional educational institutions.The results of the study show that a personalized learning model provides the student with the right to choose, the route of movement within the subject, the opportunity to go ahead and properly manage the time won, or, conversely, return, and catch up with classmates. This approach allows the learner to “drive” the learning car rather than sit in the passenger seat. This is the main motivating factor. The conclusions formulated in the article are of practical value for heads of educational organizations, developers of educational materials, methodologists of educational institutions to build an educational process using a personalized approach to a relatively new trend in developing vocational education systems.
Influence of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with sapropel and biohumus on the yield of oats and barley and the content of basic nutrients in grain
Authors: Gazizov R. R. , Prishchepenko E. A. , Rakhmanova G. F. , Masnavieva R. R. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The choice of forms and types of preparations for presowing seed treatment, as well as growth regulators is important for the development and level of crop yields. Therefore, the search and application of effective and safe means for seed treatment is an urgent task. Methods. The vegetation experiment was laid in 2018–2020 on oats and barley in 5 kg Wagner vessels. Seeds of cultures before sowing were soaked in suspensions of sapropel and biohumus in the usual form and ultrafine form, obtained by ultrasound dispersion in deionized water. Harvest accounting – in the phase of full ripeness of crops from all plants in the vessel. Qualitative analysis of plant samples was carried out on devices in accordance with the established state standards. Results. In the experiment with oats, the maximum significant increase in grain was obtained in the variant with seed treatment with an ultrafine form of biohumus – 17.8% compared to the background, in the variant with ultrafine sapropel – 9.6 %. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the yield increased by 12.0 (treatment with sapropel) and 11.5 % (treatment with biohumus) compared to the background, when using ultrafine forms – by 34.8 % and 29.8 % respectively. In 2020, the yield increase when using usual form was 15 and 21.0 %, ultrafine form – 21.3 and 28.0 % respectively. The content of ash, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in oat grain increased by 7.2; 4.8; 20.5 and 14.3 % respectively, reaching a maximum with the usage of ultrafine form. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the ash content increased by 16.1 %, nitrogen – by 27.7 %, protein – by 16.4–18.3 %, phosphorus and potassium – by 12.6 and 28.3 % respectively. In 2020, the ash content was the highest among all variants and increased by 11.3 %, phosphorus – by 13.6 %, and nitrogen – by 1.75–1.95 %. The protein content in the grain was 10.3–10.7 %, potassium – up to 7 %.
The effect of fungicides on the content of photosynthetic pigments in spring wheat plants
Authors: Zubko N. G. , Dolzhenko T. V. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The number of scientific papers dealing with the indirect effect of the use of fungicides during the growing season on wheat yield through their effect on physiological processes and pigment composition in plants of this crop is not numerous. There are only a few domestic and foreign works on this issue. The need to conduct research on the effect of treatments with fungicidal preparations on the pigment composition in plants is dictated by the fact that modern chemical plant protection products, being physiologically active substances, can have a certain effect on plants by inhibiting or enhancing their physiological and biochemical processes. Methods. The material for laboratory and field studies were five fungicides («Amistar Trio, CE» (125 g/l propiconazole + 100 g/l azoxystrobin + 30 g/l ciproconazole); «Triada, СSC» (140 g/l propiconazole + 140 g/l tebuconazole + 72 g/l epoxiconazole); «Folicur, CE» (250 g/l tebuconazole); «Evito T, CE» (250 g/ l tebuconazole + 180 g/ l fluoxastrobine); «Soligor, CE» (224 g/l spiroxamine + 148 g/l tebuconazole + 53 g/l protioconazole)), that are used to protect spring wheat from diseases during the growing season. To study their effect on the content of pigments in the leaf apparatus, we carried out treatments with these preparations of spring wheat varieties Daria and Leningradskaya 6 in the maximum application rate. The amount of pigments in the experimental and control variants was determined by the spectrophotometric method followed by statistical processing of the data obtained using a computer program for dispersion analysis “Diana 1”. Results. The preparation “Triada, СSC” on the 4th day after single application on spring wheat plants of the Daria variety led to a significant decrease in the content of chlorophylls and the total amount of pigments in the leaf apparatus. Significant changes in the direction of increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments were detected on the 8th day after the 2nd treatment with “Soligor, CE” used in field experiments on the Daria variety.
Blooming Sally. Some aspects of the use of Blooming Sally (<i>Chamaenérion angustifolium</i>)
Authors: Nabatnikov S. A. , Martirosyan L. Yu. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Blooming Sally – (fireweed) is popular in folk medicine, which recommends a decoction of rhizomes or tea from brewed leaves for treatment of a number of diseases. Official medicine also recommends the use of fireweed leaves in some cases, although fireweed has not been included in the register of medicinal plants. Cultivation of fireweed under controlled conditions guarantees quality, but is difficult because the seeds are extremely small and easily blown away by the wind. Results of fireweed leaves fermentation, taste, aroma and content of biologically active substances cannot be standardized, as it depends on the composition of wild yeast involved in fermentation. The use of specially selected yeast strains for directed fermentation enriches the product with targeted biologically active substances.
Restoration of a tractor part by the method of electric arc metallization
Authors: Tolkachev A. A. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Tractors are distinguished by long inter-service ranges and easy maintenance. But if the tractor components are not serviced in a timely manner (oil change, filters, and so on), the resulting contamination will begin to damage the parts, and increased friction will contribute to their wear and overheating. Since there is currently an acute shortage of original spare parts and their prices are quite high, the development of technological solutions for the restoration of worn-out seats of tractor parts is relevant. One of the coating methods, namely electric arc spraying, can solve this problem. The purpose of the study: using the example of the drive axis of a cylindrical straight tooth gear of a “John Deere” tractor, develop a technology for restoring a worn-out seat by electric arc spraying for the installation of a bearing or an oil seal. Methods. The brand of the axis material corresponding to the Russian analogue has been determined. The hardness of the axis base was measured with a TK-2M hardness tester. Preliminary mechanical treatment of the restored surface has been carried out. Additionally, jet-corundum treatment of the worn surface was carried out. The technology of electric arc spraying has been applied to obtain the necessary coating. Turning of the restored surface was performed until the nominal diameter of the axle seat was obtained. Results. The technology of restoration of the axle seat by supersonic electric arc spraying has been developed. The expediency and necessity of preliminary mechanical action on the seat, consisting in threading and jet-corundum processing, before the process of supersonic electric arc spraying are established. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of the electric arc spraying method for restoring the worn-out seat of the drive axis of a cylindrical straight tooth gear in tractors. The cost of restoring one worn-out axle seat was 3,000 rubles, which is more than 10 times cheaper than the original spare part. At the same time, all the mechanical properties of the part have been preserved. It is recommended to use the method of electric arc spraying to restore the worn-out seat of the axles of all imported agricultural machines.
Statistical scenario of labor productivity development in dairy cattle breeding of the Bryansk region
Authors: Kirdishcheva D. N. , Khokhrina O. M. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. In the context of deglobalization, economic sanctions, and the disintegration of the world economy, the most important socio-economic and political task is to ensure the food and economic security of Russia and its regions. In connection with the new demands of practice caused by the formation of the market mechanism of management, changes in the forms and methods of state support for dairy cattle farming, further research of the problem of increasing the productivity of the industry is required. Methods. The information base of the study was the materials of regional statistics, annual reports of agricultural organizations of the regional agro-industrial complex, data from the consolidated annual report on the totality of the districts of the Bryansk region. The study was conducted on the basis of studying mass data using a set of methods: dialectical, economic-statistical, correlation-regression, computational-constructive, abstract-logical and other methods. Results. Using statistical methods, the authors evaluated the established patterns and trends in the dynamics of labor productivity in dairy cattle farming in the Bryansk region. The growth rates of wages and labor productivity have been determined. The strategy of development of the studied indicator in the future, taking into account the factors affecting its level, is revealed. Significant factors of labor productivity growth in dairy cattle farming are the selling price of 1 ts of milk, the load of cows on 1 operator of machine milking, the stock of labor, the average monthly salary of the operator of machine milking. At the same time, the main reserves of labor productivity growth are laid down in the factors of wages and workload of dairy cattle workers. In the work, based on a multiple regression model, a forecast of labor productivity for the medium term is carried out.
Institutional context of agricultural cooperatives functioning: regional peculiarities
Authors: Golovina S. G. , Ruchkin A. V. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The problem of the dynamic development of agricultural cooperation is again becoming a priority item on the agenda of agricultural producers, politicians and scientists, due to new complexities and challenges of a political, climatic, biological and other nature. One of its points is the assessment of the quality of the institutional environment for the functioning of agrarian cooperatives, in connection with which the purpose of the study presented in the article is the review and analysis of its content, moreover, taking into account the existing regional characteristics. Methods. To study and assess the state of formal and informal institutions that favor or restrict the activities of cooperatives, the work uses qualitative and quantitative survey and analytical methods (in particular, formal-logical, historical, cultural, comparative) and corresponding tools. At the same time, the empirical base was made up of statistical information from Rosstat and its regional body (Department of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Sverdlovsk region and the Kurgan region), as well as materials obtained as a result of sociological surveys, including in-depth interviews with agricultural producers (actual and potential participants in cooperation). Results. The main results of the study include theoretical and applied (rigorously verified) generalizations regarding: (1) the directions and degree of influence of the institutional environment on the success of agricultural cooperatives, (2) the possibilities of transforming the institutional environment in a positive direction for cooperation, (3) options for coordinated changes in formal and informal institutions for the formation of positive trends in the development of agricultural cooperation. The main conclusion is that, while informal institutions, being conservative and immobile, significantly impede the rapid and effective formation of agricultural cooperatives in the Russian Federation, it is the formal environment, which has great potential for timely adaptation, that is able to neutralize some of the serious obstacles to successful evolution of cooperative practices in agricultural sector.
Effect of cavitated husks on the metabolome of fermentation end products, microbiome and physicochemical parameters of the rumen (i<i>n vitro</i>)
Authors: Atlanderova K. N. , Miroshnikov S. A. , Ryazanov V. A. , Duskaev G. K. , Sheida E. V. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Today, a significant place in the feeding of farm animals is given to such inexpensive waste from the oil extraction industry as sunflower husk. In this regard, one of the promising and modern methods for optimizing feed production can be the use of liquid media activated in various ways, in combination with ultrasonic treatment. Materials and methods. The object of research was crushed sunflower husk (1.0 mm) (sample 1), as well as husk sonicated (cavitated) in hydromodules with water (in the ratio “husk: water” 1 : 3 (sample 2)), and with lactic acid (“husk: lactic acid” 1 : 3 (sample 3)). The obtained samples were used in in vitro studies with rumen fluid in the “Daisy D200I” incubator (“Ankom Technology”, USA). The following indicators of the exchange of nitrogenous metabolites in the cicatricial contents were determined – residual and total nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method according to the method of K. K. Akhazhanova (2016); ammonia nitrogen – by microdiffusion method according to Conway. The taxonomic composition of the scar fluid was determined by NGS-sequencing using the “MiSeq device” (“Illumina”, USA). Research results. Data analysis showed that the use of cavitated sunflower husk increases the digestibility of dry matter by 19.0 % (Р ≤ 0.01), and cavitated together with lactic acid husk – by 20.7 % (Р ≤ 0.01) in comparison with crushed husk. When incubating cavitated sunflower husk and cavitated together with lactic acid sunflower husk, there were a decrease in the number of archaea, in particular the class Methanobacteria, by 23.73 % and 20.36 % (Р ≤ 0.05) and an increase in the number of bacteria of the phyla Bacteroidetes by 10.2 % and 11.27 %, Firmicutes – by 4.66 % and 6.86 % relative to the use of crushed husk.
Changes in the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in poultry under the influence of glyphosate and probiotic
Authors: Tyurina D. G. , Laptev G. Y. , Yildirim E. A. , Ilyina L. A. , Filippova V. A. , Brazhnik E. A. , Kalitkina K. A. , Ponomareva E. S. , Dubrovin A. V. , Novikova N. I. , Akhmatchin D. A. , Molotkov V. V. , Melikidi V. H. , Gorfunkel E. P. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. There is increasing information that glyphosates can have a range of adverse effects on animal, bird and human health, raising serious concerns about global feed and animal and poultry product safety. Methods. The experiments were carried out in the vivarium of OOO “BIOTROF+” on broilers of the Ross 308 cross. The birds were divided into 3 groups: 1st (control), which received a diet without additives, 2nd (experimental), which received a diet with the addition of glyphosate, 3rd (experimental), which received a diet with the addition of glyphosate and a strain of the microorganism Bacillus sp. GL-8. Analysis of the gene expression of the caecum of the intestines of broilers was carried out using quantitative PCR with reverse transcription. To analyze mRNA expression, specific primers for antimicrobial peptide genes were selected. Amplification reactions were performed using “SsoAdvanced™ Universal SYBR® Green Supermix” (“Bio-Rad”). Results showed that the residual amounts of glyphosates which are present at sterns of broilers influence an expression of genes of antimicrobic peptides AvBD1, AvBD2, AvBD4, AvBD6, CATH-2, NK-lysin, strengthening it. For example, in experimental group 2, there was an increase in gene expression of defensins AvBD1, AvBD2, AvBD4, AvBD6 by 21.9, 29.9, 35.1 and 33.5 times, respectively, compared to control group 1 (Р ≤ 0,001). A decrease (31 to 41%) in LEAP-2 gene expression when feed is contaminated with glyphosates may likely lead to a decrease in resistance to bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella enterica typhimurium, Streptococcus spp. and increased severity by the symptom of coccidiosis in poulty. The probiotic had a «leveling» effect on the expression of AvBD1, AvBD2, AvBD4 and AvBD6 defensin genes. This is likely due to the enhancement in the probiotic-modified gut microbiota of glyphosate metabolic opportunities, which may have acted as a physical barrier.
Obtaining and characterization of the spermatogenic cell culture of males from interspecific hybrids of domestic sheep and argal
Authors: Volkova L. A. , Volkova N. A. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The creation of biological material cryobanks is one of the key methods for the conservation and maintenance of the biodiversity of animal genetic resources. The biomaterial widely used for preservation in cryobank conditions are mature germ cells of males – spermatozoa. As a promising alternative for these purposes is considered the use of testis stem cells – spermatogonia which makes it possible to select biomaterial from immature animals with a valuable genotype. The article presents data on obtaining a culture of spermatogonia of males of interspecific hybrids of domestic sheep with argali. Methods. The object of research was spermatogenic cells of sheep's interspecific hybrids from the Romanov breed with argali. The testes of hybrid males served as a material for obtaining a spermatogenic cells culture. The conditions for isolating and maintaining spermatogonia in culture in vitro were optimized using histological, cytological, immunohistochemical and cultural methods. Results. It has been established that the effectiveness of obtaining a spermatogenic cells culture, maximally enriched with spermatogonia, are affected by the age of the males from which the biomaterial is taken, the preliminary purification of spermatogonia from other types of spermatogenic and somatic testicular cells, the growth medium and the type of feeder layer used for the cultivation of spermatogonia. It is shown that the optimal age of males for the selection of biomaterial is the age period from birth to 4 months. During this period, the cells of the epitheliospermatogenic layer in the seminiferous tubules of the testes from hybrid males are mainly represented by one type of spermatogenic cells – spermatogonia (92–100 %). The maximum purification of spermatogonia from other types of cells is achieved by separating them according to adhesion. High intensity of growth and formation of spermatogonia colonies is observed when they are cultivated on the feeder layer formed by the primary culture of own Sertoli cells, as well as Sertoli cells from another rams. Under these conditions, the attachment of spermatogonia to the cells of the feeder layer is noted on the 1st – 2nd day of cultivation, the formation of colonies – on the 6th day of cultivation.