bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Achievements in the Synthesis of Carbazole Derivatives
Authors: Dung Vo Cong , Thi Chung Nguyen , Xuan Duc Dau 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Carbazole derivatives possess tricyclic structure consisting of two benzene rings
fused on both sides with the central pyrrole ring. These compounds diversely appear both in
natural and synthetic sources. Carbazole-based compounds have a wide range of bioactivities
such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiparasitic, antihypertensive, antineuropathic, and
anti-inflammatory activities. Some carbazole derivatives have been employed as drugs in
the market. The synthesis of carbazole derivatives has attracted intensive interest from
chemists and a huge number of studies on the synthesis of carbazole-based compounds
have been published over the years. In this article, we will give a comprehensive review of
studies on the synthesis of carbazoles, which date back to 2012. One hundred twenty-six
studies on the synthesis of carbazoles are summarized. A huge number of novel methods
have been developed to improve efficiency or employ environmentally benign procedures. In most cases, reaction
mechanisms were included. The review article might be useful for chemists who work in the synthesis of
heterocycles or drug chemistry.
Therapeutic Bioactivities and Chemical Composition Analysis of Rhizome Oleoresin of Hedychium coronarium Collected from Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Arya Sushila , Kumar Ravendra , Prakash Om , Latwal Mamta , Pandey Ganesh , Kumar Satya , Srivastava R.M , Mali Suraj N. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Hedychium coronarium J. König, from the Zingiberaceae family, is a
rhizomatous herb used in Ayurvedic medicine for its febrifuge, anti-rheumatic, and anthelmintic
properties.

Method:
This study characterizes the chemical diversity and biological activities of H. coronarium
oleoresins collected from four locations in Uttarakhand: Pantnagar (HCPNOR), Bageshwar
(HCBOR), Nainital (HCNOR) and Pithoragarh (HCPOR). GC-MS analysis identified key constituents,
including n-Hexadecanoic acid (8.3-9.8%), photocitral B (4.8- 27.6%), (Z)-9-
eicosenoic acid (0.7-6.5%), α-pinene (2.5-3.5%) and trans-13-octadecenoic acid (7.5%). Heat
map clustering, Venn diagrams, and PCA revealed compositional variations.

Result:
The oleoresins showed potent nematicidal, insecticidal, herbicidal, and antifungal activities
against Meloidogyne incognita, Spodoptera litura, Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus,
Fusarium oxysporum, and Curvularia lunata.

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the potential of H. coronarium oleoresins for pest and
pathogen management, with chemical variation driven by environmental factors.
Exploration of the Mechanism of Tanre Qing Injection in Treating Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome through Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Animal Experiments
Authors: Wang Liang , Lu Ganqun , Cheng Tianyu , Wen Shuangquan , Ma Wenxiang , Li Yixuan 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the active components and potential mechanism
of Tanre Qing Injection (TRQI) in the treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
(ARDS) using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal experiments.

Methods:
The targets of active ingredients were identified using the TCMSP and Swiss Target
Prediction databases. The targets associated with ARDS were obtained from the GeneCards database,
Mala card database, and Open Targets Platform. A Protein-protein Interaction network
(PPI) was constructed, and the core targets were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) function annotation
and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis.
Finally, molecular docking technology and a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced
acute lung injury validated the experimental results.

Results:
The results of network pharmacology showed the active components of TRQI in the
treatment of ARDS to be baicalin, chenodeoxycholic acid, oroxylin-A, and ursodeoxycholic acid,
and the core targets to be TP53, ESR1, AKT1, JUN, and SRC. KEGG analysis showed 181
signaling pathways, primarily including the IL-17 signaling pathway, endocrine resistance, lipid
metabolism, and atherosclerosis. Molecular docking results demonstrated that baicalin, chenodeoxycholic
acid, oroxylin-A, and ursodeoxycholic acid in TRQI exhibited the strongest affinity
for TP53, ESR1, and SRC. Furthermore, the results of animal experiments have indicated
TRQI to have a significant inhibitory effect on inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6,
and effectively alleviate the pathological damage of ARDS to lung tissue.

Conclusion:
TRQI may exert its therapeutic effects on ARDS through multiple targets and
pathways, providing a research basis for its clinical application and further development.
Establishment of a Prognostic Necroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature in
Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Xu Hui , Li Meng , Qiao Wen-lan , Hua Tian 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Ovarian Cancer (OC) was known for its high mortality rate among gynecological
malignancies, often resulting in a poor prognosis. This study sought to identify
prognostic necroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) (NRlncRNAs) with prognostic
potential and to construct a reliable risk prediction model for OC patients.

Method:
The transcriptome and clinic data were sourced from TCGA and GTEx databases. Initially,
NRlncRNAs were discovered by assessing gene correlations and evaluating differences in
gene expression. Subsequently, Cox regression and LASSO methods were employed to develop
the NRlncRNAs risk model, which was further validated through survival analysis, ROC curves,
Cox regression, and nomograms across both the test and entire datasets.

Results:
Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the risk score based on 14 NRlncRNAs can independently
predict the prognosis of OC. The low-risk group demonstrated significantly higher
immune cell infiltration scores and lower tumor immune dysfunction, exclusion, and TIDE
scores, as well as an increased number of neoantigens and higher TMB. Notably, the low-risk
group also exhibited an elevated HRD score.

Conclusion:
The model’s predictive accuracy was further substantiated through ROC analysis,
showing superior performance compared to many existing models.Finally, the expression levels
of 14 NRlncRNAs were confirmed using the qRT-PCR in two OC cell lines. These findings suggested
that the NRlncRNAs risk model could serve as a more precise indicator for forecasting
immune response and outcomes of targeted treatments in OC.

result:
The results of multivariate Cox analysis indicated that the risk score calculated by 14 NRlncRNAs could serve as an independent prognostic factor in OC. The low-risk group owned higher scores of the immune cells infiltrations, which also tended to exhibit a lower tumor immune dysfunction, exclusion, and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score, respectively, a higher neoantigen number, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) level. Notably, a higher homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score was also observed in the low-risk group. The ROC analysis showed the well-predictive power of the model. Paramountly, our model performance exceeded many previously published models. Finally, the expressions of 14 NRlncRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in two OC cell lines
A Novel Prognostic Risk Model Based on Oxidative Stress to Predict Survival and Improve Treatment Strategies in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yao Nuo , Lin Kexin , Qu Xiaodong , Li Xuezhi , Zhao Xingyu , Li Songbo , Zhang Jie , Shi Yongquan 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the fifth most common tumor
worldwide, imposing a significant disease burden on populations, particularly in Asia. Oxidative
stress is well-known to play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of malignancies.
Our study aimed to construct a prediction model by exploring the correlation between oxidative
stress-related genes and the prognosis of patients with STAD.

Method:
STAD data from TCGA were used to identify the differentially expressed oxidative
stress-related genes (OSGs), with data from GEO serving as the validation cohort. Univariate
Cox and LASSO regression analyses were performed to select prognosis-related genes for the
risk model, which was then integrated with clinical features into a nomogram. The physiological
functions and pathways of these identified genes were explored using GO and KEGG analyses.
After evaluating the prediction value of the prognostic model in the GEO cohort, drug sensitivity
and immune infiltration were comprehensively analyzed using R. Expression levels of the prognostic
genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR in gastric cancer and paired normal tissues.

Results:
Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis identified SERPINE1, VHL, CD36,
NOS3, ANXA5, ADCYAP1, POLRMT and GPX3 as the signature genes from 160 differentially
expressed OSGs. Both Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and ROC curve at 5 years in the TCGA
and the GEO cohort exhibited great predictive ability of the prognostic model, with the
AUC >0.7 in TCGA. Validated as an independent risk factor, the model was integrated with
clinicopathological variables (including age, stage, and gender) to build a nomogram for more
accurate risk stratification. Moreover, therapy sensitivity analysis between the low- and high-risk
categories showed that those who scored higher would benefit more from BEZ235, Dasatinib,
Pazopanib, and Saracatinib. Meanwhile, differences in the tumor environment, immune infiltration
and response to immunotherapy between the two groups were noted. Finally, qRT-PCR validated
the differential expression of these genes in STAD and paired normal tissues.

Conclusion:
Our study has effectively established an oxidative stress-related prognostic model,
providing a promising tool for personalized clinical strategies and improved STAD patient outcomes.
Biomimetic Fe3O4 Nanozymes Promote Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Lines via Free Radical Scavenging and Inhibition of RelA/p65
Authors: Mundekkad Deepa , Cho William C. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Iron oxide nanozyme was synthesized from the fruit peel extract of
pomegranate, which served as a reducing agent during the green synthesis. The scavenging of
reactive oxygen species is often accompanied by immunomodulation following antiproliferative
effects due to the crosstalk between the proteins involved in the inter-related signaling pathways.

Method:
In the current study, the green synthesized nanozyme was studied for its ability to induce
apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. The free radical scavenging effect of the nanozyme
was reflected as an extension of its intrinsic endogenous enzyme-mimicking property.

objective:
The work was initiated with a two-fold objective. The first one is to assess the antiproliferative potential of the previously synthesized nanoparticles which directly addresses the core question of whether the newly synthesized nanoparticles can inhibit the growth of cancer cells under study. The second objective was to investigate the mechanism underlying the antiproliferative activity which delves deeper into the various mechanisms like radical scavenging and cell cycle inhibition as the mechanism repsonsible for antiproliferative activity of the nanoparticles.

Result & Discussion:
The cell cycle analysis revealed that the cell death induced by nanozyme
mainly affected the G0/G1 phase. The expression of RelA/p65 and the inflammatory mediators
affected by the nanozyme established the role of the Fe3O4 nanozyme in immunomodulation
along with its antiproliferative activity.

Conclusion:
This is the first report on the antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities
expressed by the biomimetic iron oxide nanozyme.
Untangling the Genetic Threads of Alzheimer's: Insights into Risk Factors and Biomarkers
Authors: Naiyeri Atabak , Moqadami Amin , Khalaj-Kondori Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Dementia is a comprehensive term that refers to illnesses characterized by a decline in
cognitive memory and other cognitive functions, affecting a person's overall ability to operate. The
exact causes of dementia are unknown to this day. The heterogeneity of Alzheimer's indicates the
contribution of genetic polymorphism to this disease. This disease is the most prevalent and damaging
illness. Studies indicate that the global prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) exceeds 26 million
individuals. Investigation of variations in many genes indicates that these variations may be
linked to the susceptibility to AD. Additional genetic factors could potentially influence AD. Analysis
of several single-nucleotide polymorphisms in this context reveals a correlation between certain
variants and AD. Regardless, Alzheimer's disease is always influenced by a particular APOE
gene allele. The study's findings indicate that risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to polymorphisms
in the following genes: BDNF, presenilin-1 (PS-1), presenilin-2 (PS-2), LRP, APP,
CTSD,5-6HT, TREM2, TNF-α, LPL, Clusterin (CLU), SORL1 (Sortilin-Related Receptor), PICALM,
Complement Receptor 1 (CR1), and APOE genes.
CRISPR/Cas System: A Powerful Strategy to Improve Monogenic Human Diseases as Therapeutic Delivery; Current Applications and Challenges
Authors: Saberi Fatemeh , Yousefi-Najafabadi Zeinab , Shams Forough , Dehghan Zeinab , Ahmadi Sepideh , Pilehchi Tayyebeh , Noori Effat , Esmaeelzadeh Zeinab , Bazgiri Maryam , Mohammadi Rezvan , Khani Farzaneh , Sameni Marzieh , Moradbeigi Parisa , Kardar Gholam Ali , Salehi Mohammad , Teng Yong , Jajarmi Vahid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
The 5,000 to 8,000 monogenic diseases are inherited disorders leading to mutations in a
single gene. These diseases usually appear in childhood and sometimes lead to morbidity or premature
death. Although treatments for such diseases exist, gene therapy is considered an effective and
targeted method and has been used in clinics for monogenic diseases since 1989. Monogenic diseases
are good candidates for novel therapeutic technologies like gene editing approaches to repair
gene mutations. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based systems,
the pioneer and effective gene editing tool, are utilized for ex vivo and in vivo treatment of monogenic
diseases. The current review provides an overview of recent therapeutic applications of
CRISPR-based gene editing in monogenic diseases in in vivo and ex vivo models. Furthermore, this
review consolidates strategies aimed at providing new treatment options with gene therapy, thereby
serving as a valuable reference for advancing the treatment landscape for patients with monogenic
disorders.
Benzimidazole Derivatives in Breast Cancer: Target-Specific Therapeutic Breakthroughs
Authors: Mounika S , K Hemalatha , Pal Rohit , Matada Gurubasavaraja Swamy Purawarga , Jain Pradan P , E Haripriya , Sk Md. Ashadul , M P Viji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Despite ongoing advancements in drug design and developments, breast cancer remains
a serious and devastating disease and is ranked as the second most common illness in women.
Breast cancer rates have increased significantly during the last 40 years. This necessitates the development
of novel treatment techniques. Currently, chemotherapy is the primary mode of treatment
for breast cancer; however, its toxicity to normal cells and drug resistance are considered the
main obstacles. Researchers are looking for novel anti-breast cancer medication classes to improve
cancer therapy efficacy and survival rates. Using non-targeting medicines in a 'one-size-fits-all'
strategy can harm healthy cells and may not be effective for all patients. Thus, now, the treatment
of breast cancer is exploring targeted-based therapy. The tactics involved in this therapy may improve
patient survival rates, but their extended usage can lead to significant side effects and medication
resistance. Targeted therapy enables precision medicine by targeting particular oncogenic
markers in malignancies. Because of their strong cytotoxicity against several cancer cell types,
heterocyclic compounds play an important role in the development of therapeutically effective
anticancer drugs. Benzimidazole derivatives have grown in favour of anti-breast cancer medicines
in recent years due to their broad biological characteristics and therapeutic applications. This review
provides healthcare professionals and researchers with an overview of current breakthroughs
(2019-2024) in benzimidazole derivatives as breast cancer-targeted therapy, based on the perspectives
of leading experts. We have illuminated the diverse and evolving landscape of hybridized
benzimidazole, along with its biological targets and anti-breast cancer activity. Further, we also
have compiled the various ongoing clinical trials of benzimidazole scaffolds as anti-breast cancer
agents. A detailed illustration of the structure-activity connection with special emphasis is provided.
The effort may help to develop potent, selective, and effective drugs to combat breast cancer.
Synthetic Strategies and Biological Activities of Teixobactin and its Analogs: A Review
Authors: Kumari Dalli , Nagendra Govindappa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Antibiotics are a revolutionary discovery in modern medicine, enabling the successful
treatment of bacterial infections that were once untreatable and deadly. Teixobactin, a "head-toside-
chain" cyclodepsipeptide, shows great promise as a lead compound for developing new antibiotics
to deal with multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections. The unique pharmacological profile
and intriguing structural characteristics of teixobactin, including its unusual amino acid residues
(three D-amino acids and L-allo-enduracididine), have drawn the attention of multiple research
groups seeking to create new antibiotics with innovative mechanisms. This review explores recent
developments in the chemical structure of teixobactin, its biological role in cells, its biosynthetic
production pathway, and how it disrupts bacteria (mode of action). Along with the structureactivity
relationship (SAR) studies, this review also covers various synthetic approaches used to
create teixobactin and its analogs. Finally, some observations regarding emerging patterns during
the synthesis of unique analogs of teixobactin, as well as suggestions for further research and developments,
are discussed.
Bioinformatics Method Predicts Hantavirus Disrupts Vascular Permeability to Invade Cells Violently by Fibrocystin Hydrolase and PTEN/Gtpase-Like System
Authors: Liu Wenzhong , Li Hualan 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Hantavirus illness is characterized by increased vascular permeability and
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or cardiopulmonary syndrome.

Methods:
In this study, the domain search approach, a bioinformatics method, was utilized to understand
more about hantavirus E protein structures.

Results:
Activities of Ca2+ binding domain, C-type lectin, Dockerin, glycosyl hydrolase (cellulase),
PI3K, threonine kinase, PTEN, GTPase, PPM, flippase, and other domains were identified in Hantavirus
membrane glycoprotein E.

Conclusion:
According to the results in this current study, the activation of EF-hand promotes the
lectin activity of E protein, which then binds to fibrocystin in the form of cohesin-dockerin. The
glycosyl hydrolase activity of E protein hydrolyzes glycosidic linkages, destroying the protective
capsule of cells (fibrocystin) so that it may bind to receptors such as integrins. Additionally, the enzyme
activities of PTEN and PI3K permit the E protein to insert and anchor on the cell membrane.
Moreover, the GTPase, SecA, and flipase activities of E proteins mediate the creation of fusion
pores and the release of genetic materials.

Other:
The aggressive invasion of Hantavirus causes tissue damage and bleeding, resulting in severe
blood vessel leakage.
Synthesis of Epilepsy Drug Brivaracetam through Solvent-free Lactamization
Authors: Singh Saurabh Kumar , Ghosh Partha , Prasad Rajendra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Brivaracetam is a relatively new racetam drug for the treatment of epilepsy, synthesis of
which with proper stereocontrol remains challenging. Herein we describe a solvent-free lactamization
method for the development of two efficient synthetic routes to brivaracetam. The key method is a
one-step condensation of amines with chiral α-carboxyethyl-β-propyl butyrolactone under neat conditions
that proceed through tandem decarboxylation and lactamization. The lactam obtained using
benzylamine was converted to (S)-3-propyl pyrrolidinone, a key intermediate to brivaracetam.
Whereas, the lactam obtained from the condensation of (S)-2-amino butanol was further transformed
into brivaracetam.

objective:
Efficient synthesis of the epilepsy drug brivaracetam

method:
a solvent free lactamization method
Ternary Logic Implementation Using CNTFET Nanotechnology: A Review
Authors: Jolly Ekta , Sharma Vijay Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
This review article explores multi-valued logic (MVL) as an alternative to replace
existing binary logic, aiming to increase the information-carrying and processing capabilities
of integrated systems. MVL requires more than two logic levels, and the carbon nanotube field
effect transistor (CNTFET) is preferred as the device technology to produce these multiple
levels. In this article, a review of various implementations of the ternary half adder (THA) is
presented. The existing THA designs were simulated using a 32 nm CNTFET model to
evaluate different performance metrics, such as transistor count, delay, power consumption,
and power delay product (PDP). The THA results were compared, and it was observed that for
most of the designs, there was a trade-off between power consumption, delay, and transistor
count. Hence, the PDP metric can be considered for a comprehensive assessment of
performance efficiency for any ternary-based circuit design chosen for implementation.
DSPE: An End-to-End Drug Synergy Combination Prediction Algorithm for Echinococcosis
Authors: Li Haitao , Jiang Liyuan , Chu Yuanyuan , Liu Yuansheng , Zheng Chunhou , Su Yansen 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Echinococcosis, a parasitic disease caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus
parasite, poses a serious threat to human health. Medication is an indispensable means of treatment
for Echinococcosis; however, due to the less satisfactory efficacy of single drugs, identifying
effective drug combinations for the treatment of Echinococcosis is essential. Yet, current predictive
models for drug synergy in Echinococcosis face accuracy challenges due to data scarcity, method
limitations, and insufficient feature representation.

Objective:
This work aims to design an end-to-end method to predict drug synergistic combinations,
which enables efficient and accurate identification of drug combinations against Echinococcosis.

Methods:
In this work, an end-to-end method, named DSPE, is proposed for predicting anti-
Echinococcosis drug synergistic combinations. In DSPE, a dataset of Echinococcosis drug synergistic
combinations is constructed by retrieving and extracting information from related scientific articles.
Further, DSPE employs a residual graph attention network to deeply analyze drug characteristics
and their interactions, thereby enhancing the performance of deep learning models. It also explores
the protein-protein interaction network related to Echinococcosis, using node2vec combined
with an attention mechanism to efficiently encode disease features. Finally, it predicts the synergy of
drug combinations based on the Bliss score by integrating drug combinations and disease features.

Results:
Experimental evidence shows that DSPE outperforms five state-of-the-art algorithms in
predicting drug combination effects by leveraging disease-target information and single-agents for
the treatment.

Conclusion:
DSPE improves prediction accuracy and addresses the issue of data scarcity for new
diseases, offering new insights and methods for the development of treatment plans for parasitic diseases
in the future.