bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Household pyrethroid insecticides exposure in relation to pyrethroid metabolite and GABA level effects of young children in urban area, Bangkok Thailand
Authors:   , Kunno Jadsada 
Published: September 2023

Pyrethroids are commonly used in households and affect to nervous system in children. Data on pyrethroids exposure related to neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is unknown. This study investigated the relationship between 3-PBA metabolites and GABA concentrations, and also determined the factors influencing pyrethroids metabolites among young children in urban areas. A repeated cross-sectional design was designed to collect the information on PYR insecticide exposure between wet (November – December 2018) and dry (April – May 2019) seasons. To collect the data, urine samples were collected from children age 2–3 years(n = 80), and the questionnaires were used with parents. The study focused on children living in full time households where PYR insect products have been applied daily. Urine samples were analyzed for the 3-PBA metabolite using gas chromatography (GC/MS) and GABA concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA). Spearman correlations was used to determine the relationship between 3-PBA metabolite and GABA concentrations in each season, and binary logistic regression was applied to determine an association between 3-BPA metabolite and the exposure variables in each season. Mann–Whitney U test was used to evaluate difference in continuous data between wet and dry seasons. Chi-square test was applied to present difference in categorical data between wet and dry seasons. The results revealed a negative association between an increase in 3-PBA metabolite concentrations and low GABA concentrations in urine in both seasons (rs = -0.230, p-value 0.004). This study also found the increase in 3-PBA metabolite was significantly associated with the increase in cypermethrin (rs = 0.226, p-value < 0.05), and allethrin (rs = 0.274, p-value < 0.05) in dry season, but not in wet season (rs = 0.160, p-value > 0.05). Moreover, the association between exposure factors and 3-PBA metabolite concentrations were observed. seldom cleaned the floor was significantly associated with increased 3-PBA metabolite concentration in wet season (p-value = 0.038, OR = 0.089, 95%CI 0.009 – 0.870). In addition, genders and always walk bare feet inside household in a day were significantly associated with increased 3-PBA metabolite concentration in dry season (p-value = 0.041, OR = 0.333, 95%CI 0.116 – 0.956) and (p-value = 0.009, OR = 6.789, 95%CI 1.597 – 28.854), respectively. Hence, these factors could affect the levels of the neurotransmitter GABA in pyrethroids-exposed children. The study suggests that health education, raising awareness and strategies to reduce the risks from long-term PYR insecticide exposure of children living in households should be implemented.
Ethanol dehydration over WO3/TiO2 catalysts using titania derived from sol-gel and solvothermal methods with palladium modification
Authors:   , Tresatayawed Anchale 
Published: September 2023

In this research, the characteristics and catalytic activity of WO3/TiO2 prepared by sol-gel and solvothermal and their metal modified were investigated. The research was divided into two parts. In the first part, the catalyst performance of WO3/TiO2 catalysts using titania derived from sol-gel and solvothermal methods over ethanol dehydration reaction was examined. The results showed that the different preparation methods essentially altered the physicochemical properties of TiO2 supports. It revealed that the titania derived from solvothermal method denoted as TiO2-SV exhibited higher surface area and pore volume, and larger amounts acid sites than the one obtained from sol-gel method (TiO2-SG). As a result, the different characteristics of support catalyst seemingly influenced the catalytic properties of WO3/TiO2 catalysts. It showed that the highest ethanol conversion (ca. 88%) at 400oC was achieved by the WO3/TiO2-SV catalysts due to its high acidity. Furthermore, WO3/TiO2-SV catalyst is promising to convert ethanol into ethylene and diethyl ether, having the highest ethylene yield of ca. 77% at 400°C and highest diethyl ether yield of ca. 26% at 250°C. These can be attributed to proper pore structure, acidity and distribution of tungsten. In the second part, the Pd modification and supporting effect of WO3/TiO2 catalysts on catalytic ethanol dehydration to ethylene and diethyl ether were investigated. The catalyst characterization and activity examination results indicated that the different sequence during impregnation influenced the physicochemical properties and catalyst activity. The Pd incorporated into catalysts enhanced the ethanol conversion depending on the sequence of impregnation. The diethyl ether is the main product at low temperature, whereas ethylene is the main product at high temperature. At low temperature (ca. 200 to 300oC), the Pd incorporated over W/TiO2 catalyst resulted in an increasing of diethyl ether yield. It is worth noting that the ethanol conversion increased by palladium modification, while diethyl ether selectivity did not change. This can be attributed to the higher amount of weak acids sites present after Pd modification into catalyst. Among the catalysts, the PdW/TiO2 catalyst (co-impregnation) accomplished the highest diethyl ether yield of 41.4% at 300oC. At high temperature (ca. 350 to 400oC), the W/Pd/TiO2 catalyst (with sequential impregnation of Pd on TiO2 followed by W) achieved the highest ethylene yield of 68.1% at 400oC. Thus, the modification of Pd onto W/TiO2 upon different sequence of Pd and W impregnation improved diethyl ether and ethylene yield in catalytic ethanol dehydration.
Development of bioplastic blown films to be used as a packaging for dried banana
Authors:   , Wongthanaroj Apinya 
Published: September 2023

This research aimed to study effects of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) contents on properties of polylactic acid / poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) / poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PHBV/PBAT) blends to be used as a packaging for solar-dried bananas. The blend of PLA and PHBV (PLA/PHBV) was fixed at weight ratio of 80/20 while the PBAT content was varied from 0-30 wt%. The films were prepared by melt compounding and blown film extrusion. It was found that the addition of PBAT decreased barrier properties of PLA/PHBV film. Gas barrier which is oxygen transmission rate (OTR) and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) increased with increasing of PBAT content. The barrier properties of all blends were shown the acceptable values for dried banana storage. It was found that the blend with 20% of PBAT content show high flexibility. Meanwhile, morphology and thermal properties of films were also studied. Hence, PLA/PHBV with 20% PBAT (PB2) was selected to pack dried banana for 4 months at room temperature. Color change, moisture content, water activity and texture of dried banana during storage time were determined. The dried banana packed in commercial film was tested as control. The results show that the color change of dried banana in both commercial and bioplastic film show similar result. However, at the same storage time, the dried banana in PB2 film had lower moisture content and water activity than that in commercial film resulting in higher hardness value. Additionally, no fragmentation was visually observed in PB2 film during 6 months of soil burial test because the temperature, moisture content and pH of soil were not controlled in the suitable condition.
Determination of feline ab blood types in Bangkok and vicinities by the tube test
Authors:   , Sangkaew Teerawee 
Published: September 2023

The most important blood group system in cats is the AB system, which is identified by the presence and absence of antibodies and the antigen on the surface of red blood cells. Blood type A, B and AB are recognized in cats worldwide. The presence of strong alloantibodies against type A in all type B cats, and those with high titer against type B in some type A cats can cause significant transfusion reactions when cats are transfused with mismatched blood. Frequencies of blood types in a cat population is essential for estimating risks of transfusion reactions. The objectives of the study were to determine the frequencies of AB blood types in purebred and non-purebred domestic cats in Bangkok and vicinities, Thailand, and to assess the performances of the standard tube agglutination test. Whole blood samples were collected from 320 clinically healthy client-owned cats that lived in Bangkok and nearby provinces. Blood typing was performed by a standard tube agglutination method following the optimization of reagents in the assay, at the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. The alloantibody test was performed consecutively to determine whether cats were type B or type AB. The stability of reagents used in the assay was also evaluated. Overall, 229 non-purebred (domestic shorthair) cats and 91 purebred cats were enrolled in the study. Of the cats, the frequencies of type A and type B blood were 97.5% and 2.5%, respectively. No type AB cats were identified. All domestic shorthair cats had type A blood. Type B blood was found in 17.1% of Persian and 4.0% of Scottish Fold cats. The rest of purebred cats were type A. However, the sample size of each purebred was limited in this study. The reagents in the tube test were stabilized at 4°C for at least 21 days. This is a large survey of feline AB blood types in the Bangkok area. This study suggests that type A is most common in domestic shorthair cats, so they are at low risk of developing transfusion reaction due to mismatched blood transfusion. Type B was found in at least two purebred cats. Therefore, blood typing is necessary for blood transfusion purposes, particularly among purebred cats.
The invention of plastic plate for the semiquantitative detection of somatic cells in farm bulk tank milk
Authors:   , Jiarpinitnun Piyarat 
Published: September 2023

Bulk tank milk somatic cell count (BTM SCC) is worldwide acceptable as an indicator of subclinical mastitis and milk quality at the farm level. Several countries determine the BTM SCC level for quality control and milk pricing. In Thailand, BTM SCC standard is set at 500,000 cells/ml and premium milk quality is set at less than 100,000 cells/ml. Milk collecting centers (MCCs) use CMT (California Mastitis Test) for screening raw milk quality. However, CMT has an error and high variation. This study aims to invent a new semiquantitative device for determining BTM SCC and to validate the device in comparison with FossomaticTM FC and CMT. The results showed that the use of a specifically designed plastic plate with a mixture of specific chemical reagents and BTM is able to discriminate a semiquantitative BTM SCC according to reading scores 0,1,2 and 3. The reading scores is significantly correlated with FossomaticTM FC (r=0.80, p<0.05) and CMT (r=0.94, p<0.05) at the laboratory testing. At MCC, this new semiquantitative device is able to determine BTM SCC in which the test reading is correlated with the FossomaticTM FC (r=0.85, p<0.05). The accuracies of the test device are equal to 91.18% (95%CI = 93.66% – 98.19%) at SCC level less than 100,000 cells/ml and equal to 96.41% (95%CI = 87.42% – 94.10%) at SCC level more than or equal to 500,000 cells/ml.
Evidence of vertical and horizontal transmission of Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis in hybrid red tilapia (Orerochromis sp.)
Authors:   , Nguyen Vuong 
Published: September 2023

Francisellosis caused by Franciscella orientalis (formerly named: Franciscella noatunensis subspecies orientalis) has been reported as one of the most important emergent diseases of warm water fish. However, little is known about its transmission, fastidious nature, survival, and persistence in multiple environments and global presence. This study aims to investigate vertical transmission, horizontal transmission by vectors and effect of other organisms on the outbreak of francisellosis in hybrid red tilapia. To prove the transmission of F. orientalis from subclinically infected tilapia mouthbrooders to their offspring through the current practice of fry production in tilapia hatcheries, experimentally infected hybrid red tilapia broodstock were mated and their offspring were examined for the presence of F. orientalis. The results showed that the ovary and testis of all 3 pairs of the broodstock, as well as their fertilized eggs, yolk-sac larvae, 5, and 30-day old fry were F. orientalis positive by F. orientalis-specific PCR and in situ DNA hybridization. Upon the vector transmission experiment, mosquito larvae Aedes aegypti was able to acquire F. orientalis in immersion challenge test at a dose of 0.895 x 107 CFU mL-1 and cohabitated with infected fish. Hybrid red tilapia fed by infected pupae at 25oC showed more severe histopathological lesions of typical granulomas resembling for francisellosis infection and positive F. orientalis detection by specific PCR comparing with 30oC. Additionally, co-infection challenge of F. orientalis and Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in hybrid red tilapia successfully mimicked typical signs and histopathological manifestations of both diseases. Synergistic effect of the two pathogens infection in fish leading to the exacerbated mortality. In conclusion, the study provided evidence of vertical transmission of F. orientalis in hybrid red tilapia with the current practice in tilapia hatcheries. Our finding suggested mosquito larvae are available to acquire and transmit F. orientalis to healthy red tilapia and might be an important environment reservoir for the bacterium in nature. The ectoparasite Ich infection can enhance the severity of franciscellosis caused by F. orientalis infection in hybrid red tilapia.
Risk assessment of vibrio parahaemolyticus in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from retail market
Authors:   , Yokyingyong Praphatsorn 
Published: September 2023

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood borne gastroenteritis in many countries including Thailand. It is a gram-negative, halophilic bacterium which was normally found in estuarine environment and seafood. The infection usually occurred from consuming raw, inadequate cooked, or cross-contaminated seafood. Risk assessment is a scientific tool to evaluate health hazard from V. parahaemolyticus infection. In this study, a risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection from raw shrimp consumption (Litopenaeus vannamei) was conducted. This study estimated the prevalence and level of V. parahaemolyticus in 2 retail types across 6 provinces nationwide by 3-tubes MPN. Risk assessment from raw shrimp consumption was estimated from prevalence and level of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus carrying tdh and trh genes by multiplex PCR. The prevalence of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus was 66% and 1.4%, respectively. Pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus carrying tdh and trh genes were 0.93% and 0.46%, respectively. V. parahaemolyticus isolates carrying both tdh and trh genes was not detected by multiplex PCR. Estimated daily risk for raw shrimp consumption was predicted at 1.02×10-4 equivalent to incidence rates per 100,000 people at 3,711 cases per year. Sensitivity analysis from simulation showed that risk estimates was highly correlated with probability of illness (correlation coefficient or r = 0.94), followed by time between retail to consumption (r = 0.22), concentration at consumption (r = 0.16), and dose (r = 0.15). Moreover, the study has found the proper cooking of shrimp such as 60°C for 2 minutes can reduce risk from V. parahaemolyticus to safe negligible level.
Genetic characterization of canine parvovirus and circovirus in dogs in Vietnam
Authors:   , Tuong Nguyen 
Published: September 2023

Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) emerged and caused severe enteritis in dogs since the 1970s. The last variant, CPV-2c is considered as the high virulent strain and spread ubiquitous worldwide. This strain was early detected in Vietnam since 2002, but the whole genome is still fragmentary. In this study, we attempted to gain the whole genome of CPV-2c from the Vietnamese infected dogs as the first report of the full-length CPV-2c sequence originated from Asia. The Vietnamese CPV-2c exhibited the common mutations in both structural and nonstructural proteins and shared a typical evolutionary pattern with Asian strains. Besides, Vietnamese sequences presented some new mutations and clustered with current Chinese CPV-2 to create a new Asia-IV clade in the phylogeny. The substitution rate was estimated based on the data set of 199 sequences over the last 42 years of viral emergence, and confirmed that CPV-2 is a rapidly evolving ssDNA virus. Moreover, CPV-2 is highly co-infected with other enteric viruses to cause the disease. Among them, Canine circovirus (CanineCV) is the most prevalent, about 19.7%. Then, we further characterized the full-genome of this virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CanineCV is divided into four different genotypes (CanineCV-1, -2, -3, and -4) with typically replaced amino acids in the Replicase and Capsid proteins. Both CanineCV-1 and 4 co-circulated in Vietnam and shared 86-87.6% of nucleotide similarity. The recombination event has occurred at nucleotide position 420-1020 in one Vietnamese CanineCV strain (CanineCV-VN-6) with the major and minor parents derived from America and China, respectively. Future study should be emphasized on the continuous surveillance of CPV-2 and CanineCV in other regions in Vietnam to draw the whole information regarding epidemiology, genotype, mutation and evolution of both enteric viruses.
Process synthesis and design of integrated biorefinery in pulp and paper industry
Authors:   , Mongkhonsiri Ghochapon 
Published: September 2023

Integration of biorefinery into pulp and paper industry has been considered as sustainable development for pulp and paper industry and lignocellulosic biorefinery. High value-added biochemical, biofuel and bioenergy productions could be implemented into existing pulp mills by material and utility integration. A systematic methodology employing a superstructure-based process synthesis, process design and innovation is an effective approach to explore potential pathways for both economic and environmental sustainability with support from computer-aided tools. A superstructure of the multi-product biorefinery process network with the pulp and paper industry is developed and optimized with the objective to maximize profit. The synthesis results project the optimal integrated biorefinery combined with pulp and paper mills for further design. Process design and evaluation provide useful insights to assess the process performance and define process weakness for improvement by innovation. The cleaner alternatives implementing the CO2 utilization via methanol production and solar energy is considered for process innovation comparing to the base case. Integrated biorefinery systems into the existing pulp mill is proven that can potentially enhance profitability and environmental benefit beyond conventional pulp mill and promote bioproducts for sustainable society.
PCR-based detection and differentiation of piroplasms and malaria parasites from goats in Thailand
Authors:   , Huynh Tu 
Published: September 2023

A novel multiplex PCR (mPCR) was developed to identify and differentiate malaria parasite (Plasmodium caprae), and two piroplasms (Babesia bigemina and Theileria luwenshuni) in Thai goats. Three pairs of primer were designed to be species-specific, targeting cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in mitochondria. Plasmids containing each parasite’s DNA was serially diluted to evaluate the sensitivity of singleplex and mPCR assays. The specificity of the primer sets was confirmed by testing for amplification from DNA of each pathogen and other related hemoparasites. A total of 100 goat blood samples from five provinces of Thailand was used to validate the reliability and application of the assay. The detection limit of the mPCR in this study was 108 parasite copies and the diagnostic specificity in detection of P. caprae and T. luwenshuni was found to be high (94.9%-100%). The high level of diagnostic sensitivity (100%) in the detection of T. luwenshuni was also recorded. However, the diagnostic sensitivity of mPCR was found to be low (50%) in the detection of P. caprae from field-collected blood samples. These results demonstrated the successful establishment of the mPCR presented by its same level of sensitivity to each single PCR counterparts and its ability to simultaneous detection all three parasites in one reaction. This study also describes the first report of Theileria luwenshuni and Babesia bigemina in goats of Thailand.
Impacts and adaptive measures for groundwater use in the Mekong delta. case study : Tra Vinh province
Authors:   , Van Tuan 
Published: September 2023

Because of the rapid growth of population and fast economic development in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), the surface water resources are unable to meet these demands and groundwater is also over-abstracted. Groundwater depletion and saline water intrusion become the main problems that threaten drinking water supplies, farming systems, and livelihoods in the delta, especially coastal areas. It is necessary to provide a fully comprehensive picture of groundwater use (GWU) and its impact issues

In Tra Vinh Province, a coastal province of VMD, dependency on GW increases from north to south which has a strong relation with availability of freshwater in major rivers during the dry season. In the dry season 2018, GWU was estimated to be 346,279 m3day-1 based on the field survey data; approximately 52 % of this use is for agricultural activities. Land surface temperature sensing technology is proved to be a good tool for interpolating distribution of GWU. In Tra Vinh Province for better GW management. The GW system in the study area has moved from a pristine system to a developed system then become a depleted system at present. Thus, the existing status of groundwater resources is unsustainable due to increasing of 25 years of GWU. The concept for sustainable yields in both quantity and quality, in the long run, has been introduced and proved to be beneficial by determining equilibrium state and controlling saline GW movement. The results of the sustainable models indicate that the current GWU (2018) needs to be reduced by 49 % to match with the sustainable yield of the aquifer system in Tra Vinh Province.

In order to propose adaptive measures for sustainable GWU, a new land use structure of the Mekong Delta Plan is considered as a suitable measure to reduce a high proportion of GW demand in Tra Vinh Province. Adaptive behavior models (ABM) are developed based on Fogg Theories to understand behavior of local farmers in term of changing agricultural activities to cope with the effect of climate change. ABM can help to clarify additional recommendations to enhance the successful implementation of the Mekong Delta Plan by adding more incentive and resources suited to each specific farmers and zones.