bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA axes and KEGG pathways related to uveal melanoma metastasis
Authors: Zhan Zhiyun , Chen Huilong , Wang Ting , Wang Tingting , Chen Xionggang 
Published: January 2025

Background Uveal melanoma (UM) is a common intraocular malignancy in adults frequently with metastasis and poor survival. Objective This study aimed to identify genes, pathways and the ceRNA axes related to the metastasis of UM. Methods The GSE73652 dataset was downloaded and 1719 differentially expressed RNAs (DE-RNAs), including 13 lncRNAs, 5 miRNAs, and 1701 genes, were identified in metastatic UM samples compared with non-metastatic ones. Results A total of 11 lncRNA-miRNA pairs were identified by interviewing the DIANA-LncBase database. In addition, 49 UM-related KEGG pathways were filtered in CTD with the search term “uveal melanoma”. KEGG pathways involving the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the miRNA targets were found and overlapped with UM-related pathways. Accordingly, two crucial overlapped pathways (Wnt and Chemokine signaling pathway) in UM metastasis were mediated by axes consisting of 6 lncRNAs (such as H19, PVT1 and SNGHG1), 3 miRNAs (including hsa-miR-1228, hsa-miR-106b and hsa-miR-6836) and 12 mRNAs (including CTNNB1, MAP3K7, WNT7B, MAPK10 and PLCB4). Conclusion The results showed that the involvement of UM-related Wnt/β-catenin and Chemokine signaling pathways and the ceRNA regulatory axes showed noteworthy interest in UM metastasis.
Proximal Median Nerve Conduction Velocity Slowing in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: An Observational Retrospective Study
Authors: Subramanian Senthil Kumar , Rajendran Rajathi 
Published: January 2025

Background Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy, characterised by compression of the median nerve at the wrist. Traditional understanding views CTS as a distal compression issue, but recent evidence suggests potential proximal involvement. Purpose This study aimed to assess the prevalence of proximal median nerve conduction velocity (CV) slowing in CTS patients and examine its association with CTS severity. Methods In this retrospective observational study, data were analysed from 80 CTS patients and 40 controls from the Electrophysiology Lab at a tertiary care institute. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) evaluated the median nerve’s conduction velocity and latency. Patients were classified by CTS severity, and nerve conduction parameters were statistically compared between groups. Results CTS patients exhibited significantly prolonged distal motor latency (DML) (5.2 ± 0.8 ms) and reduced forearm motor conduction velocity (MCV) (55.3 ± 4.1 m/s) compared to controls ( P < .01). Approximately 27.45% of CTS hands showed proximal median nerve slowing. The severity classification showed that Grade 3 CTS was the most prevalent (47%), followed by Grade 2 (23%) and Grade 1 (10%). There was a negative correlation between distal latency and forearm conduction velocity, suggesting that as distal latency increases, forearm conduction velocity decreases. Post-operatively, significant improvements were observed in distal latency (mean decrease: 1.2 ± 0.5 ms, P < .01), but median nerve conduction velocity remained unchanged. While there was a trend towards improvement in CMAP amplitude, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion A subset of CTS cases exhibits reduced proximal median nerve conduction velocity, which correlates with CTS severity. This suggests retrograde degeneration may contribute to CTS pathology, challenging the traditional view of CTS as a purely distal compression disorder.
The Financial Well-Being Scale: Reliability, Validity, and Clinical Correlates Among Childhood Trauma Survivors
Authors: Huang Chak Hei Ocean , Leung Rachel Hoi Laam , Sit Ka Yan , Tsui Tsz Ying Nathalie , Wong Janet Yuen-Ha , Fung Hong Wang 
Published: January 2025

Purpose This study examined the reliability, validity, and clinical correlates of the financial well-being as measured using the CFPB Financial Well-Being Scale (FWBS) among Chinese childhood trauma survivors. Methods The sample consisted of childhood trauma survivors in a survey project ( n = 151), with a subsample at follow-up approximately 5 months after baseline ( n = 71). Participants first completed validated screening measures of financial well-being and mental health symptoms at baseline (T1), and then reported their symptoms again at follow-up (T2). Results Financial well-being is reliably and validly measured using the FWBS in this sample. T1 financial well-being significantly predicted disturbances in self-organization ( β = −.238, p = .01) and depressive symptoms ( β = −.239, p < .01) at T2. Discussion Financial well-being is a reliable and valid construct in this sample. Financial well-being predicted psychological symptoms among childhood trauma survivors. Trauma care services should take financial well-being into consideration.
A matched case-control study on polypharmacy and co-medications one year before drug treatment for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Alghamdi Ali , de Vos Stijn , Bos Jens HJ , Schuiling-Veninga Catharina CM , van Munster Barbara C , Mubarik Sumaira , Luijendijk Hendrika J , Hak Eelko 
Published: January 2025

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, characterized by amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. With an aging population, both AD and comorbidities are increasingly common. Managing comorbidities often requires multiple medications, leading to polypharmacy, defined as the concurrent use of five or more medications. Objective This study aimed to estimate and compare the prevalence of polypharmacy one-year prior AD diagnosis compared to non-AD individuals. Methods: A matched cross-sectional design used data from the IADB.nl prescription database (1994–2021), including individuals aged 65 and older with at least one AD medication prescription within a year. Controls were matched by age and sex at a 9:1 ratio. Analyses were stratified by time period (≤2010 and >2010) and further by sex and age. Results 4150 AD individuals were included and matched with 37,350 controls. AD individuals had a higher prevalence of polypharmacy compared to controls, ≤ 2010 (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03–1.29), > 2010 (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.16–1.36). Females with AD had slightly higher odds of polypharmacy than males. The prevalence was consistent across different time periods and age groups, with the highest odds in individuals aged 65–74. Conclusions AD individuals in the Netherlands exhibit a significantly higher prevalence of polypharmacy in a year pre-AD diagnosis. The findings highlight the complexity of managing multiple comorbid conditions in AD individuals, emphasizing the need for regular review and optimization of medication regimens and the inclusion of non-pharmacological interventions to minimize adverse outcomes and improve quality of life.
Sex-specific association of comorbid heart failure on mortality after Alzheimer's disease diagnosis in older adults aged 75 years and above: A health insurance claims data analysis in Japan
Authors: Matsunaga Masaaki , Tanihara Shinichi , He Yupeng , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Ota Atsuhiko 
Published: January 2025

Background Research on the influence of heart failure on mortality after Alzheimer's disease diagnosis is limited. Objective To evaluate the association between comorbid heart failure and mortality following Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, particularly considering sex differences. Methods We analyzed administrative claims data from Japan, involving 32,363 individuals (11,064 men and 21,299 women) aged 75 or older newly diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, with 7% having comorbid heart failure. Cox proportional hazard models and population attributable fractions (PAFs) were used to evaluate the association between comorbid heart failure and mortality within one year following Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. Results Individuals with Alzheimer's disease and heart failure had a multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio of 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32–1.73) for mortality during the one-year follow-up period compared to those with Alzheimer's disease and without heart failure. Subgroup analysis by sex revealed a higher mortality hazard ratio in women of 1.63 (95% CI, 1.36–1.95) than that in men of 1.39 (95% CI, 1.13–1.71). Further age and sex subgroup analysis indicated that women across all age brackets—75–79, 80–84, and ≥ 85 years—had higher mortality hazard ratios. The PAF for heart failure increased with age in both sexes, with women having higher PAFs than men, and the sex difference in PAF being most pronounced in the 75–79 age category (men: 1.4%, women: 4.0%). Conclusions Hazard ratios and PAFs for mortality associated with comorbid heart failure in newly diagnosed Alzheimer's disease are higher in women than in men, which persists across all age subgroups.
Structure-function coupling alterations in cognitively normal individuals with white matter hyperintensities
Authors: Du Junyong , Xu Shabei , Zhu Wenhao 
Published: January 2025

Background White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are prominent neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) linked to cognitive decline. Nevertheless, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying WMH remain unclear. Objective This study aimed to assess the structural decoupling index (SDI) as a novel metric for quantifying the brain's hierarchical organization associated with WMH in cognitively normal older adults. Methods We analyzed data from 112 cognitively normal individuals with varying WMH burdens (43 high WMH burden and 69 low WMH burden). Neuroimaging data were used to calculate SDI, and gene enrichment analysis was conducted to explore related molecular pathways. Results An increased spatial gradient of SDI from the sensory-motor cortex to the associative cortex was observed. Compared to the low WMH burden group, the high WMH group exhibited elevated SDI in the right superior frontal gyrus, bilateral orbital gyrus, bilateral precentral gyrus, bilateral cingulate gyrus, bilateral thalamus, and bilateral striatum. In the high WMH burden group, SDI in the left thalamus and right cingulate gyrus negatively correlated with memory, while SDI in the right orbital gyrus and left precentral gyrus positively correlated with processing speed. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted associations with pathways involved in neural system function, potassium ion transmembrane transport, synaptic signaling, neuron projection development, and cell secretion regulation. Conclusions The findings suggest SDI alterations as a potential mechanistic pathway in WMH, which is associated with significant molecular pathways and cognitive impairments. This study provides a theoretical framework for understanding the pathophysiology of WMH progression and subsequent cognitive deficits.
Using One-Shot Prompting of Non-Fine-Tuned Commercial Artificial Intelligence to Assess Nutrients from Photographs of Japanese Meals
Authors: Ji Yuexiang , Waki Kayo , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Nangaku Masaomi , Ohe Kazuhiko 
Published: January 2025

Background: Diet interventions often have poor adherence due to burdensome food logging. Approaches using photographs assessed by artificial intelligence (AI) may make food logging easier, if they are adequately accurate. Method: We used OpenAI’s GPT-4o model with one-shot prompts and no fine-tuning to assess energy, fat, protein, carbohydrate, fiber, and salt through photographs of 22 meals, comparing assessments to weighed food records for each meal and to assessments of dieticians. Results: The model had poor performance overall. For fiber, though, the model achieved an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.71 (0.67-0.74 95% CI), well above the dietician performance of 0.57. Conclusions: The simplest use of current AI via one-shot prompting and no fine-tuning accurately assesses fiber content in meals but is inaccurate for other nutritional parameters.
Associated Anatomic Abnormalities in Patients Undergoing Rotational Tibial Osteotomies for Patellofemoral Pathology and Implications for the Level of Correction
Authors: Haikal Mohammad , Singh Nishant , Issac Renjit , Silk Gwithyen , Snow Martyn 
Published: January 2025

Purpose Tibial rotational deformity is a known risk factor for patellofemoral joint (PFJ) disorders. However, it is commonly associated with other abnormalities which affect the PFJ. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of associated factors known to affect PFJ in patients undergoing rotational tibial osteotomy and their implication for the correction level. Methods All patients with PFJ disorder, who underwent rotational tibial osteotomy between July 2009 and February 2020, were included. Patients were excluded if there were no preoperative computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Scans were analyzed by 2 observers. Parameters of interest were femoral version, tibial torsion, trochlear dysplasia, lateral trochlear inclination (LTI), tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, Insall-Salvati (IS), and Caton Deschamps Index (CDI). Results The search resulted in 80 knees, which had a mean femoral version of 21.0 ± 11.7, tibial torsion of 45.9 ± 9.1, TT-TG of 18.3 ± 5.5, and LTI of 11.4 ± 14.7. In total, 42.5% had TT-TG value of ≥ 20 mm. Patella alta/baja was found in 54% based on CDI or IS >1.2 and <0.8. High-grade trochlear dysplasia was found in 25%. In total, 29% had a tibial torsion abnormality but normal TT-TG and patella height. In total, 18% had abnormal TT-TG but normal patellar height. Conclusion Based on the associated abnormalities of patella height and tubercle lateralization, 18% of the population were suitable for supratubercle osteotomy, and 29% of patients were suitable for diaphyseal or distal tibial osteotomy. A tibial tubercle osteotomy was required in 54% of patients, making a through-tubercle approach the most appropriate option for most patients. Level of evidence: Radiological cross-sectional study.
Physical activity and the outcome of cognitive trajectory: a machine learning approach
Authors: Barisch-Fritz Bettina , Shah Jay , Krafft Jelena , Geda Yonas E. , Wu Teresa , Woll Alexander , Krell-Roesch Janina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on cognitive function. Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly used in dementia research, e.g., for diagnosis and risk stratification. Less is known about the value of ML for predicting cognitive decline in people with dementia (PwD). The aim of this study was to use an ML approach to identify variables associated with a multimodal PA intervention that may impact cognitive changes in PwD, i.e., by distinguishing between cognitive decliners and non-decliners.

Methods
This is a secondary, exploratory analysis using data from a Randomized Controlled Trial that included a 16-week multimodal PA intervention for the intervention group (IG) and treatment as usual for the control group (CG) in nursing homes. Predictors included in the ML models were related to the intervention (e.g., adherence), physical performance (e.g., mobility, balance), and pertinent health-related variables (e.g., health status, dementia form and severity). Primary outcomes were global and domain-specific cognitive performance (i.e., attention/ executive function, language, visuospatial skills, memory) assessed by standardized tests. A Support Vector Machine model was used to perform the classification of each primary outcome into the two classes of decline and non-decline. GridSearchCV with fivefold cross-validation was used for model training, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) and accuracy were calculated to assess model performance.

Results
The study sample consisted of 319 PwD (IG, N = 161; CG, N = 158). The proportion of PwD experiencing cognitive decline, in the different domains measured, ranged from 27–48% in CG, and from 23–49% in IG, with no statistically significant differences and no time*group effects. ML models showed accuracy and AUC values ranging from 40.6–75.6. The strongest predictors of cognitive decline or non-decline were performance of activities of daily living in IG and CG, and adherence and mobility in IG.

Conclusions
ML models showed moderate performance, suggesting that the selected variables only had limited value for classification, with adherence and performance of activities of daily living appearing to be predictors of cognitive decline. While the study provides preliminary evidence of the potential use of ML approaches, larger studies are needed to confirm our observations and to include other variables in the prediction of cognitive decline, such as emotional health or biomarker abnormalities.
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of anthocyanin metabolism in wheat pericarp
Authors: Wang Jiao , Sun Lei , Jiao Bo , Zhao Pu , Xu Tianyun , Gu Sa , Huo Chenmin , Pang Jianzhou , Zhou Shuo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Wheat seeds display different colors due to the types and contents of anthocyanins, which is closely related to anthocyanin metabolism. In this study, a transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis between white and purple color wheat pericarp aimed to explore some key genes and metabolites involved in anthocyanin metabolism.

Results
Two wheat cultivars, a white seed cultivar Shiluan02-1 and purple seed cultivar Hengzi151 were used to identify the variations in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated flavonoids (DAFs). Based on metabolomic data, 314 metabolites and 191 DAFs were identified. Chalcone, flavonol, pro-anthocyanidin and anthocyanidin were the most differentially accumulated flavonoid compounds in Hengzi151. 2610 up-regulated and 2668 down-regulated DEGs were identified according to transcriptomic data. The results showed that some structural genes in anthocyanin synthesis pathway were prominently activated in Hengzi151, such as PAL, CAD, CHS and so on. Transcription factors (TFs) of MYB, bHLH, WD40 and some other TFs probably involved in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified. Some genes from hormone synthetic and signaling pathways that may participate in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis also have been identified.

Conclusions
Our results provide valuable information on the candidate genes and metabolites involved in the anthocyanin metabolism in wheat pericarp.
Understanding and measuring workplace violence in healthcare: a Canadian systematic framework to address a global healthcare phenomenon
Authors: Schulz-Quach Christian , Lyver Brendan , Reynolds Charlene , Hanagan Trevor , Haines Jennifer , Shannon John , Pozzobon Laura Danielle , Sarraf Yasemin , Sabbah Sam , Ensafi Sahand , Bloomberg Natasha , Gorla Jaswanth , Singh Brendan , Chartier Lucas B. , Escaf Marnie , Elder Diana , Toppings Marc , Hodges Brian , Sethi Rickinder 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Globally, healthcare institutions have seen a marked rise in workplace violence (WPV), especially since the Covid-19 pandemic began, affecting primarily acute care and emergency departments (EDs). At the University Health Network (UHN) in Toronto, Canada, WPV incidents in EDs jumped 169% from 0.43 to 1.15 events per 1000 visits (p < 0.0001). In response, UHN launched a comprehensive, systems-based quality improvement (QI) project to ameliorate WPV. This study details the development of the project’s design and key takeaways, with a focus on presenting trauma-informed strategies for addressing WPV in healthcare through the lens of health systems innovation.

Methods
Our multi-intervention QI initiative was guided by the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) 3.0 framework. We utilized the SEIPS 101 tools to aid in crafting each QI intervention.

Results
Using the SEIPS 3.0 framework and SEIPS 101 tools, we gained a comprehensive understanding of organizational processes, patient experiences, and the needs of HCPs and patient-facing staff at UHN. This information allowed us to identify areas for improvement and develop a large-scale QI initiative comprising 12 distinct subprojects to address WPV at UHN.

Conclusions
Our QI team successfully developed a comprehensive QI project tailored to our organization’s needs. To support healthcare institutions in addressing WPV, we created a 12-step framework designed to assist in developing a systemic QI approach tailored to their unique requirements. This framework offers actionable strategies for addressing WPV in healthcare settings, derived from the successes and challenges encountered during our QI project. By applying a systems-based approach that incorporates trauma-informed strategies and fosters a culture of mutual respect, institutions can develop strategies to minimize WPV and promote a safer work environment for patients, families, staff, and HCPs.
Optimizing hip MRI: enhancing image quality and elevating inter-observer consistency using deep learning-powered reconstruction
Authors: Kang Yimeng , Li Wenjing , Lv Qingqing , Tao Qiuying , Sun Jieping , Dang Jinghan , Niu Xiaoyu , Liu Zijun , Li Shujian , Zhang Zanxia , Wang Kaiyu , Wen Baohong , Cheng Jingliang , Zhang Yong , Wang Weijian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Conventional hip joint MRI scans necessitate lengthy scan durations, posing challenges for patient comfort and clinical efficiency. Previously, accelerated imaging techniques were constrained by a trade-off between noise and resolution. Leveraging deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) holds the potential to mitigate scan time without compromising image quality.

Methods
We enrolled a cohort of sixty patients who underwent DL-MRI, conventional MRI, and No-DL MRI examinations to evaluate image quality. Key metrics considered in the assessment included scan duration, overall image quality, quantitative assessments of Relative Signal-to-Noise Ratio (rSNR), Relative Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (rCNR), and diagnostic efficacy. Two experienced radiologists independently assessed image quality using a 5-point scale (5 indicating the highest quality). To gauge interobserver agreement for the assessed pathologies across image sets, we employed weighted kappa statistics. Additionally, the Wilcoxon signed rank test was employed to compare image quality and quantitative rSNR and rCNR measurements.

Results
Scan time was significantly reduced with DL-MRI and represented an approximate 66.5% reduction. DL-MRI consistently exhibited superior image quality in both coronal T2WI and axial T2WI when compared to both conventional MRI (p < 0.01) and No-DL-MRI (p < 0.01). Interobserver agreement was robust, with kappa values exceeding 0.735. For rSNR data, coronal fat-saturated(FS) T2WI and axial FS T2WI in DL-MRI consistently outperformed No-DL-MRI, with statistical significance (p < 0.01) observed in all cases. Similarly, rCNR data revealed significant improvements (p < 0.01) in coronal FS T2WI of DL-MRI when compared to No-DL-MRI. Importantly, our findings indicated that DL-MRI demonstrated diagnostic performance comparable to conventional MRI.

Conclusion
Integrating deep learning-based reconstruction methods into standard clinical workflows has the potential to the promise of accelerating image acquisition, enhancing image clarity, and increasing patient throughput, thereby optimizing diagnostic efficiency.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered.