bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primärprozesse in der reversiblen Photoisomerisierung
Authors: Fischer E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEs werden Systeme vom Typ A ⇌ B behandelt, wobei A und B zwei Isomere im allgemeinen Sinne sind, die durch Bestrahlung und in vielen Fällen auch thermisch ineinander umwandelbar sind. Die drei wesentlichen Reaktionstypen dieser Umwandlungen sind: 1. cis‐trans‐Isomerisierung, 2. reversible Ringbildung und 3. Tautomerisierung.Diese Reaktionen zeichnen sich durch einen relativ einfachen Verlauf aus. Aus diesem Grunde erscheinen sie besonders geeignet, um an ihnen die vollständigen Reaktionsmechanismen, insbesondere aber die photochemischen Primärprozesse, zu studieren.
Die Untersuchung angeregter Zustände aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Hilfe der Laser‐Blitzspektroskopie
Authors: Müller Alexander , Sommer Udo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMit einem kinetischen Laserspektrophotometer hoher Zeitauflösung wurden verdünnte Lösungen von 1,2‐Benzanthracen, Pyren und 3‐Brompyren bei Anregung mit ultravioletten Riesenimpulsen eines Rubinlasers untersucht. Die experimentell gefundenen Absorptionsänderungen mit Lebensdauern zwischen 4 nsec und mehreren Mikrosekunden werden in ihrem zeitlichen und spektralen Verlauf durch Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen theoretischer Berechnungen analysiert. Die Absorptionsänderungen setzen sich im allgemeinen aus zwei Komponenten zusammen, welche Übergängen vom niedrigsten angeregten Singulettzustand (Sn ← S1), bzw. vom niedrigsten Triplettzustand (Tn ← T1) aus zugeordnet werden können. Aus den Messungen werden die Singulettlebensdauern, die Extinktionskoeffizienten der höheren Singulettübergänge (Sn ← S1) sowie die Triplettquantenausbeuten ermittelt. Mit Hilfe der nach der LCAO‐MO‐SCF‐Methode mit vollständiger Konfigurationswechselwirkung berechneten π‐Elektronenzustände wird die Zuordnung der beobachteten neuen Absorptionsbanden vorgenommen.
Photosensitization by benzaldehyde in the gas phase I. 1,3‐cyclohexadiene
Authors: De Maré G. R. , Goldfinger P. , Huybrechts G. , Jonas E. , Toth M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe major products of the photosensitization of 1,3‐cyclohexadiene (25–160 Torr) by benzaldehyde (4.5–5.0 Torr) at 50.0 ± 0.2 °C, using light with wavelengths > 300 nm, are the dimers trans‐cis‐trans‐tricyclo(6.4.0.02,7)dodeca‐3,11‐diene, the corresponding all cis‐isomer, exo‐, and endo‐dicyclohexadiene in the ratio 3:1:0.8:0.04, independent of substrate pressure. Traces of cyclohexene and benzene are also formed, presumably from the decomposition of excited dimers before collisional stabilization can occur. The product distribution and the kinetic features of the reaction are best explained by assuming that the photosensitization involves triplet energy transfer from benzaldehyde to 1,3‐cyclohexadiene molecules.
Care‐experienced students in higher education: A case for re‐figuring higher education worlds to widen access and further social justice
Authors: Child Samantha , Marvell Rosa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile the higher education (HE) literature highlights how the sector is designed for a typified imagined student, the issues are particularly acute for care‐experienced students. The dominant HE discourse assumes that all students will be able or want to participate in ‘stereotypical’ aspects of student life and have stable networks to offer emotional, practical and financial support. Here, we deploy Holland et al.'s formative heuristic of figured worlds to interrogate how socially and culturally constructed realms and artefacts establish ‘givens’. People ‘figure’ who they are through navigating different realms which are conceptually and materially produced. We take particular inspiration from figured worlds’ focus on unequal power in social space; socially and institutionally endorsed understandings of how things ‘should’ be celebrate certain subjectivities and ways of ‘doing’ university while marginalising others. The paper discusses biographical‐narrative interviews and collaborative analysis with six students with experience of foster, residential and kinship care, all studying at a post‐1992 English university. Crucially, conversations highlighted participants’ exceptional maturity, educational passion and tenacity. Yet challenges remained. This paper focuses on four domains where our participants felt forced into peripheral subjectivities: student accommodation, wellbeing support, societies and curricula. Halls became hostile spaces through high rents, late‐night/loud drinking cultures and their transitory nature. Wellbeing services felt inimical when designed for quotidian anxiety and stress, neglecting more complex stories. Similarly, society membership fees, requisite team kits and ‘cliques’ materially and symbolically constricted participants. Finally, specific areas of curricula and pedagogical delivery posed problems, namely when traumatic and/or painful content (e.g. domestic violence and safeguarding) was not assumed to relate to anyone in the classroom. Despite these barriers, participants continued to navigate their HE journeys with skill and creativity. Although this paper's perspective is partial, we argue for theorising the holistic student experience through the lens of figured worlds. This reveals how norms and practices make dominant subject positions hard to access for care‐experienced students, contradicting and undermining their obvious value. In concluding, we discuss how locating problems as structural speaks back to deficit discourses, challenging us to reimagine and reconfigure HE through alternative discourses of worth. Attention is needed within and beyond the classroom; students’ lives are multifaceted and played out in multiple figured worlds.
Comparative investigation on interaction between potent antimalarials and human serum albumin using multispectroscopic and computational approaches
Authors: Azeem Kashish , Ahmed Mofieed , Uddin Amad , Singh Shailja , Patel Rajan , Abid Mohammad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study performed a comparative investigation to explore the interaction mechanisms between two potential antimalarial compounds, JMI 346 and JMI 105, and human serum albumin (HSA), a vital carrier protein responsible for maintaining important biological functions. Our aim was to assess the pharmacological efficiency of these compounds while comprehensively analyzing their impact on the dynamic behavior and overall stability of the protein. A comprehensive array of multispectroscopic techniques, including UV–Vis. spectroscopy, steady‐state fluorescence analysis, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, three‐dimensional fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy, docking studies, and molecular dynamics simulations, were performed to probe the intricate details of the interaction between the compounds and HSA. Our results revealed that both JMI 346 and JMI 105 exhibited promising pharmacological effectiveness within the context of malaria therapy. However, JMI 346 was found to exhibit a significantly higher affinity and only minor altered impact on HSA, suggesting a more favorable interaction with the protein on the dynamic behavior and overall stability of the protein in comparison to JMI 105. Further studies can build on these results to optimize the drug–protein interaction and enable the development of more potent and targeted antimalarial treatments.
Examining the moderating effects of school factors on sense of acceptance and mental health: A multilevel analysis
Authors: Yanagi Yuriko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChildren who feel unaccepted by their mothers tend to have poor mental health. Although school factors (social support from homeroom or from teachers and friends, as well as classroom satisfaction) can protect students, few studies have examined these factors at the classroom level. Understanding the relationships between sense of acceptance, school factors and mental health may help students. This study, conducted in Japan, examines how sense of acceptance at the student level and school factors at the student and classroom levels affect the mental health variables of depression, loneliness, subjective happiness and emotional wellbeing. In total, 1470 Japanese school students (8–15 years old) from 68 classes participated. Multilevel analysis was conducted at the student and classroom levels. At the classroom level, social support from friends was associated with lower depression and loneliness and higher emotional wellbeing (p < 0.01). A positive classroom climate moderated the relationships of sense of acceptance with depression, loneliness, subjective happiness and emotional wellbeing (p < 0.05). Social support from friends at the classroom level and positive classroom climate at the student level serve as protective factors for students who feel unaccepted by their mothers. More activities boosting classroom student interactions would benefit such students.
Arachidonic acid metabolism CYP450 pathway is deregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and associated with microvascular invasion
Authors: Wang Kai , Shi Ji‐Hua , Gao Jie , Sun Yaohui , Wang Zhihui , Shi Xiaoyi , Guo Wenzhi , Jin Yang , Zhang Shuijun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArachidonic acid metabolism plays a crucial role in the development and progression of inflammatory and metabolic liver diseases. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of key genes involved in the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway in HCC using a combination of bioinformatics, proteomics and immunohistochemistry analyses. Through a comprehensive analysis of publicly available datasets, clinical HCC tissues, and tissue microarrays, we compared the expression of hepatic arachidonic acid metabolic genes. We observed significant downregulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) pathway genes at both the messenger RNA and protein levels in HCC tissues compared to normal liver tissues. Furthermore, we observed a strong correlation between the deregulation of the arachidonic acid metabolism CYP450 pathway and the pathological features and prognosis of HCC. Specifically, the expression of CYP2C8/9/18/19 was significantly correlated with pathological grade (r = −.484, p < .0001), vascular invasion (r = −.402, p < .0001), aspartate transaminase (r = −.246, p = .025), gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (r = −.252, p = .022), alkaline phosphatase (r = −.342, p = .002), alpha‐fetoprotein (r = −.311, p = .004) and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (r = −.227, p = .047). Moreover, we discovered a significant association between CYP450 pathway activity and vascular invasion in HCC. Collectively, these data indicate that arachidonic acid CYP450 metabolic pathway deregulation is implicated in HCC progression and may be a potential predictive factor for early recurrence in patients with HCC.
DRESS syndrome in a patient undergoing stem cell transplantation: Can sirolimus be involved?
Authors: Cassalia Fortunato , Spiller Alice , Salmaso Roberto , Caroppo Francesca , Belloni Fortina Anna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe present a case of sirolimus‐induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in a stem cell transplant patient. Sirolimus is an immunosuppressive drug that inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. A 24‐year‐old male with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) underwent testicular extraction followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). He presented with pruritic eczematous lesions, which were initially treated with topical steroids. However, he later developed diffuse xerosis, fever, chills, generalized edema, weight gain, eosinophilia, and leukopenia. Skin biopsy showed spongiotic dermatitis with eosinophils, suggesting a drug or atopic reaction. Investigations ruled out infections, and the RegiSCAR score indicated drug reaction syndrome with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Sirolimus, an immunosuppressive drug, was suspected as the cause. Sirolimus was discontinued, and oral steroids were initiated. After 3 weeks of therapy, the patient showed improvement with resolution of symptoms. Although no cases of sirolimus‐induced DRESS syndrome have been reported, allergic reactions with eosinophilia induced by everolimus have been documented. In our case, the patient's history characterized by stem cell transplantation and multiple immunosuppressive therapies may have contributed to the development of DRESS syndrome after beginning sirolimus therapy. This case may be the first evidence of sirolimus‐induced DRESS syndrome in a stem cell transplant patient.
Access to Chiral O,O‐Acetals Enabled by Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Oximes to Alkoxyallenes
Authors: Xu Zhuo‐Wei , Wang Shaozhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnantiomerically pure acyclic O,O‐acetal compounds (up to 97 % ee) have been accessed through chemo‐, regio‐ and enantioselective palladium‐catalyzed addition of oximes to alkoxyallenes. DFT calculations support that a protonative hydropalladation pathway is favourable, in which the hydrogen bonding interaction between the amide group of the diphosphine ligand and the alkoxyallene is critical for the highly stereoselective formation of the dioxygenated stereogenic center.
CO2 absorption kinetics and equilibrium solubility measurements in potassium salts of renewable amino acids from plant‐ and animal‐protein
Authors: Rawate Hitesh D. , Vaidya Prakash D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAqueous solutions containing alkaline salts of natural amino acids, such as those from protein in plant seeds or high protein animal‐based waste, are green CO2‐separation solvents. In the present work, potassium salts of nine such amino acids were chosen for an in‐depth study: alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, proline, serine, and valine. The kinetics of CO2 absorption in aqueous solutions of these salts was studied using a stirred cell. From the measurements of the absorption rate at different salt concentrations (molarity 0.1 and higher), CO2 partial pressures (5–25 kPa), and temperatures (298–308 K), values of the reaction order, rate constant, and activation energy were determined. Additionally, the liquid‐side mass transfer coefficient (0.005 cm/s) was also found. Potassium salts of proline, glycine, and arginine were most reactive and, hence, were chosen for equilibrium study. The loading capacity of these salts was measured at 308 K in a vapour–liquid equilibrium setup at near‐ambient pressure. On the contrary, the other chosen acids were comparatively less reactive with CO2.
What role do early life experiences play in eating disorders? The impact of parenting style, temperament and early maladaptive schemas
Authors: Joshua Phoebe R. , Lewis Vivienne , Simpson Susan , Kelty Sally F. , Boer Douglas P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveGiven that most eating disorders develop in adolescence and early adulthood, early life experiences are said to play a key role in the aetiology of eating disorders. There are well‐documented relationships between early maladaptive schemas and eating disorders, early maladaptive schemas and temperament and temperament and perceived parenting style. The present study aimed to test a hypothesis that perceived parenting style predicts temperament, which predicts early maladaptive schemas, which predict eating disorder symptoms in young people.MethodAn online survey measured perceived parenting style, temperament, early maladaptive schemas and eating disorder symptoms in 397 people with disordered eating between the ages of 18 and 29. Path analysis was used to investigate the relationship between these elements.ResultsThe results found support for this hypothesis. Perceived maladaptive parenting ratings for mothers were a stronger predictor of temperament, and only two temperament factors were adequate predictors of early maladaptive schemas.ConclusionsOverall, the present study found preliminary support for a linear relationship where perceived parenting style predicts temperament, which predicts early maladaptive schema levels, which predicts eating disorder symptoms. The present study was the first to propose and test this model; however, further research is required to confirm the nature and extent of this relationship.
One‐Carbon Homologation of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes: Access to α‐Tertiary β,γ‐Unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: Delbrassinne Arnaud , Takam Mba Boris Junior , Collard Laurent , Robiette Raphaël 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn efficient protocol for the synthesis of enolizable α‐substituted β,γ‐unsaturated aldehydes is reported. The developed strategy involves two steps, epoxidation and Meinwald rearrangement, to result in a one‐carbon homologation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes enabling the insertion of a CHR unit.
The effect of different nerve block strategies on the quality of post‐operative recovery in breast cancer patients: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Wang Shun , Shi Jinghong , Dai Yunke , Zhang Jie , Liu Qiaoli , Yang Pingliang , Zhu Na 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effects of three types of ultrasound‐guided nerve blocks on post‐operative recovery quality in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for unilateral breast cancer.MethodsIn this randomized double‐blinded trial (chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200059428), 150 female patients were equally assigned to S group (serratus anterior plane block, SAPB) group, P group (paravertebral block, PVB) or ST group (serratus anterior combined with transverse thoracic muscle plane blocks, SA‐TTMPB). The primary outcome was QoR‐15 at five time points after surgery. Secondary outcomes were pain scores, time of first rescue analgesic and chronic pain incidence at 3 months.ResultsThe QoR‐15 total score of S group at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 days post‐surgery was significantly lower in groups P and ST, while there was no significant difference between groups P and ST (S vs. P vs. ST, 100.29 ± 6.20 vs. 108.51 ± 7.46 vs. 106.46 ± 6.95; 105.59 ± 6.18 vs. 113.06 ± 7.44 vs. 111.22 ± 6.56; 112.51 ± 6.32 vs. 119.88 ± 6.44 vs. 117.62 ± 6.09; 123.00 ± 5.78 vs. 128.86 ± 5.96 vs. 126.92 ± 5.72, p < 0.05). The dynamic and rest NRS scores at 6 and 12 h post‐surgery were significantly higher in group S than in groups P and ST.ConclusionSerratus anterior plane block combined with transverse thoracic muscle plane block and paravertebral block both have better effects than serratus anterior plane block alone in improving patients' early post‐operative recovery quality, and also have an advantage in improving early post‐operative pain.Clinical Trial Registrationchictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200059428).Date of Registration29 April 2022.SignificanceSerratus anterior combined with transverse thoracic muscle plane block may be a safer, easier, and equally effective nerve block strategy than paravertebral block in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for unilateral breast cancer.
What does it mean to be UndocuBlack? Exploring the double invisibility of Black undocumented immigrant students in U.S. colleges and universities
Authors: Russell Felecia S. , Rivarola Alonso R. Reyna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe scholarship concerning undocumented immigrant students continues to overlook the lives of Black undocumented immigrant (undocuBlack) students. This interpretative phenomenological study aims to increase awareness of how undocuBlack students experience college. Our findings suggest that undocuBlack students experience double invisibility because of two of their salient identities: Black and undocumented. Study participants overwhelmingly indicated feeling invisible, even in spaces presumably designed for Black and undocumented immigrant students, such as Black Student Unions and Undocumented Student Resource Centers. This article provides a grounding understanding of undocuBlack college students and concludes with recommendations for increasing the undocuBlack college student visibility in higher education and research.Practical Takeaways
Diversify and Train College‐wide Institutional Agents. Hire and promote institutional agents and student leaders who intimately understand undocuBlack lives and issues. Train institutional agents on undocuBlack realities, which should involve partnering and paying (yes, paying) current and formerly undocuBlack immigrants who are content experts to share their experiences and research.
Center/ing UndocuBlack Student Voices: Review yearly programming calendars to ensure that undocuBlack stories are represented (e.g., Black History Month, Disability Pride Month, Latinx Heritage Month, Pride Month, Undocumented Immigrant Week/Month, and Women's Heritage Month, among others).
Cross‐Campus and Community Collaboration: Collaborate and disseminate reliable content from organizations, such as the Black Lives Matter movement, UndocuBlack Network, and Black Alliance for Just Immigration to strengthen our ties and widen our support for undocuBlack students and staff (and overall communities) on and off campus.
How much convergence exists between registered process measures and patient reported experience measures? A study on Catalan primary healthcare
Authors: Ballart Xavier , Rico Guillem 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe use of quality measures is important for transparency and the continuous improvement of performance. However, we do not know enough about the relationship between registered process measures and patient reported experience measures (PREMs) in primary healthcare. Recent studies point to areas of convergence that run contrary anticipated trends. This is a relevant question for healthcare management and governments as their position is stronger when system's guidelines and targets also matter to patients or, vice versa, when patient‐centered measures are used to develop new process measures. Our aim is to study both type of measures, their logic and their level of convergence. We also assess the relationship between PREMs, patients' demographic characteristics and area socioeconomic level. We estimated pairwise correlations with patient experience aggregated at the health‐center level and a series of multilevel regression models to assess the adjusted effect of four registered process measures on ratings of patient experience at the patient level. We use patient experience as measured by survey data, two composite quality indices and two single indicators regularly computed by the Catalan Health Service. Continuity of care with the same doctor and accessibility are positively associated with patient experience. No relationship was observed in the index created to measure quality of assistance. The index measuring the quality of prescriptions was positively associated with patient experience but only when analyzed separately. We conclude that registered process measures and PREMs are not entirely independent, hence improvements of the management side have the potential to impact patient experience.