bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Protocol for In vitro Regeneration and Acclimatization of Banana (Musa spp.) cv. Grand Naine
Authors: Medhane H. B. , Bhadange R. S. , Surbhaiyya S. D. , Pachpor N. S. , Nandre R. S. 
Published: June 2023

Aim: The study was undertaken with a view to standardize a protocol for in vitro regeneration of Banana cv. Grand naine using shoot tip of sucker as an explant
Methodology: In present study, explants sterilized with different sterilizing agents such as Tween-20 (1%), Bavistin (0.5-1%), Streptomycin sulphate (250 mg/L), Ascorbic acid (150 mg/L) + Citric acid (100 mg/L), HgCl2 (0.1%) and 70% ethanol.Sterilized explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth hormones for shoot initiation BAP alone (1.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 mg/L) and BAP (3.0 mg/L) in combination with IAA and IBA (2.0 mg/L), elongation BAP (3.0 mg/L) and NAA (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/L) and rooting IAA (1.0, 1.5 mg/L) and IBA (1.0, 1.5 mg/L). Primary and secondaryhardening was done in potting mixture containing autoclaved black soil: vermicompost: cocopeat (1:1:1) and garden black soil, cocopeat and red soil (1:1:1) respectively.
Results: In present investigation 1% Bavistin (fungicide) showed maximum respond to prevent fungal contamination. Highest shoot initiation (100%) was observed on a MS medium fortified with BAP (1.5 mg/L). Maximum shoot length (10.7 cm) was recorded on a MS medium supplemented with BAP (3.0 mg/L) + NAA (2.0 mg/L) + Activated charcoal. Maximum root initiation was observed on half strength MS medium supplemented with IAA (1.5 mg/L). In vitro regenerated plantlets hardened on the mixture of autoclaved black soil: vermicompost: cocopeat (1:1:1). After 14 weeks In vitro plantlets transferred in green house for acclimatization where, 80% survival rate was recorded.
Conclusion: Regeneration protocol was successfully standardized. Therefore, itcan be used for large scale propagation of healthy, disease and virus free planting material and In vitro propagation helps to meet higher demand of healthy planting material within shorter period.
Fluid Therapy for Critically Ill Adults With Sepsis
Authors: Zampieri Fernando G. , Bagshaw Sean M. , Semler Matthew W. 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceApproximately 20% to 30% of patients admitted to an intensive care unit have sepsis. While fluid therapy typically begins in the emergency department, intravenous fluids in the intensive care unit are an essential component of therapy for sepsis.ObservationsFor patients with sepsis, intravenous fluid can increase cardiac output and blood pressure, maintain or increase intravascular fluid volume, and deliver medications. Fluid therapy can be conceptualized as 4 overlapping phases from early illness through resolution of sepsis: resuscitation (rapid fluid administered to restore perfusion); optimization (the risks and benefits of additional fluids to treat shock and ensure organ perfusion are evaluated); stabilization (fluid therapy is used only when there is a signal of fluid responsiveness); and evacuation (excess fluid accumulated during treatment of critical illness is eliminated). Among 3723 patients with sepsis who received 1 to 2 L of fluid, 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reported that goal-directed therapy administering fluid boluses to attain a central venous pressure of 8 to 12 mm Hg, vasopressors to attain a mean arterial blood pressure of 65 to 90 mm Hg, and red blood cell transfusions or inotropes to attain a central venous oxygen saturation of at least 70% did not decrease mortality compared with unstructured clinical care (24.9% vs 25.4%; P = .68). Among 1563 patients with sepsis and hypotension who received 1 L of fluid, an RCT reported that favoring vasopressor treatment did not improve mortality compared with further fluid administration (14.0% vs 14.9%; P = .61). Another RCT reported that among 1554 patients in the intensive care unit with septic shock treated with at least 1 L of fluid compared with more liberal fluid administration, restricting fluid administration in the absence of severe hypoperfusion did not reduce mortality (42.3% vs 42.1%; P = .96). An RCT of 1000 patients with acute respiratory distress during the evacuation phase reported that limiting fluid administration and administering diuretics improved the number of days alive without mechanical ventilation compared with fluid treatment to attain higher intracardiac pressure (14.6 vs 12.1 days; P &amp;lt; .001), and it reported that hydroxyethyl starch significantly increased the incidence of kidney replacement therapy compared with saline (7.0% vs 5.8%; P = .04), Ringer lactate, or Ringer acetate.Conclusions and RelevanceFluids are an important component of treating patients who are critically ill with sepsis. Although optimal fluid management in patients with sepsis remains uncertain, clinicians should consider the risks and benefits of fluid administration in each phase of critical illness, avoid use of hydroxyethyl starch, and facilitate fluid removal for patients recovering from acute respiratory distress syndrome.
AAAI 2023 Spring Symposium on HRI in Academia and Industry: Bridging the Gap
Authors: Mead Ross , Park Hae Won 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOn March 27–29, 2023, the AAAI symposium on “HRI in Academia and Industry: Bridging the Gap” was held in a hybrid format, with both in‐person and remote participants, gathering Human‐Robot Interaction (HRI) researchers and practitioners from academia, industry, and national research laboratories to find common ground, understand the different constraints at play, and determine how to work together. The use of robots that operate in spaces in which humans are physically co‐present is growing at a dramatic rate. We are seeing more and more robots in our warehouses, on our streets, and even in our homes. All of these robots will interact with humans in some way, whether intentionally or unintentionally. To be successful, their interactions with humans will have to be carefully designed. For more than a decade, the field of HRI has been growing at the intersection of robotics, Artificial Intelligence (AI) , human‐computer interaction (HCI), psychology, and other fields; however, until quite recently, it has been a largely academic area, with university researchers proposing, implementing, and reporting on experiments at a limited scale. With the current increase of commercially‐available robots, HRI is starting to make its way into the robotics industry in a meaningful way. This symposium brought together HRI researchers and practitioners from academia, industry, and national research laboratories to find common ground, understand the different constraints at play, and determine how to effectively work together.
Platelet‐Membrane‐Coated Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Neuroprotection by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Repairing Damaged Vessels in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Xu Canxin , Pan Yuanbo , Zhang Hongchi , Sun Yuhao , Cao Yi , Qi Pengfei , Li Mingli , Akakuru Ozioma Udochukwu , He Lulu , Xiao Chen , Sun Bomin , Bian Liuguan , Li Juan , Wu Aiguo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by primary and second brain injury can induce neuron death and inhibit neurological functional recovery after ICH. Therefore, exploring an effective way to noninvasively target hemorrhage sites to scavenge ROS is urgently needed. Inspired by the biological function of platelets to target injury vessel and repair injury blood vessels, platelet‐membrane‐modified polydopamine (Menp@PLT) nanoparticles are developed with targeting to hemorrhage sites of ICH. Results demonstrate that Menp@PLT nanoparticles can effectively achieve targeting to the location of intracranial hematoma. Furthermore, Menp@PLT with excellent anti‐ROS properties can scavenge ROS and improve neuroinflammation microenvironment of ICH. In addition, Menp@PLT may play a role in decreasing hemorrhage volume by repairing injury blood vessels. Combining platelet membrane and anti‐ROS nanoparticles for targeting brain hemorrhage sites provide a promising strategy for efficiently treating ICH.
All‐in‐One Heptamethine Cyanine Amphiphiles for Dual Imaging‐Guided Chemo‐Photodynamic‐Photothermal Therapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Yu , Zhang Jing , Zhu Lijun , Jiang Mou , Ke Changsheng , Long Hanxiong , Lin Ruoyun , Ye Chaohui , Zhou Xin , Jiang Zhong‐Xing , Chen Shizhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeveloping a theranostic system that integrates multimodal imaging, synergistic therapeutic, and formulation entities is a promising strategy for efficient cancer treatment. However, the complexity and safety concerns of multiple functional entities hinder their clinical translation. Herein, versatile “all‐in‐one” heptamethine cyanine amphiphiles (PEG‐Cy‐Fs) with multiple favorable capabilities, including fluorine‐19 magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI), near‐infrared fluorescence imaging (NIR FLI), photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), polyethylene glycolation (PEGylation) and high biocompatibility, are developed for the convenient construction of theranostic platforms. Amphiphiles PEG‐Cy‐Fs are synthesized on a multi‐hundred‐milligram scale with high efficacy, which self‐assembled with a chemotherapy drug tamoxifen (TAM) into monodisperse and stable nanoparticles (SoFoTm/PEG‐Cy‐F18) with “turned on” FLI, sensitive 19F MRI, mitochondria‐targeting ability, high PDT and PTT efficacy, and PEGylation‐optimized pharmacokinetics. The selective accumulation of SoFoTm/PEG‐Cy‐F18 in xenograft MCF‐7 tumor with a long retention time (>10 days) enabled 19F MRI‐NIR FLI‐guided chemo–photodynamic–photothermal therapy (chemo‐PDT‐PTT) of breast cancer with high therapeutical index in mice. The “all‐in‐one” heptamethine cyanine amphiphile may facilitate the convenient and standardized preparation of high‐performance theranostics systems for clinical translation.
Microscale Imaging of Thermal Conductivity Suppression at Grain Boundaries
Authors: Isotta Eleonora , Jiang Shizhou , Moller Gregory , Zevalkink Alexandra , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Balogun Oluwaseyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGrain‐boundary engineering is an effective strategy to tune the thermal conductivity of materials, leading to improved performance in thermoelectric, thermal‐barrier coatings, and thermal management applications. Despite the central importance to thermal transport, a clear understanding of how grain boundaries modulate the microscale heat flow is missing, owing to the scarcity of local investigations. Here, thermal imaging of individual grain boundaries is demonstrated in thermoelectric SnTe via spatially resolved frequency‐domain thermoreflectance. Measurements with microscale resolution reveal local suppressions in thermal conductivity at grain boundaries. Also, the grain‐boundary thermal resistance – extracted by employing a Gibbs excess approach – is found to be correlated with the grain‐boundary misorientation angle. Extracting thermal properties, including thermal boundary resistances, from microscale imaging can provide comprehensive understanding of how microstructure affects heat transport, crucially impacting the materials design of high‐performance thermal‐management and energy‐conversion devices.
Top‐Down Fabrication of Atomic Patterns in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Authors: Dyck Ondrej , Yeom Sinchul , Lupini Andrew R. , Swett Jacob L. , Hensley Dale , Yoon Mina , Jesse Stephen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAtomic‐scale engineering typically involves bottom‐up approaches, leveraging parameters such as temperature, partial pressures, and chemical affinity to promote spontaneous arrangement of atoms. These parameters are applied globally, resulting in atomic‐scale features scattered probabilistically throughout the material. In a top‐down approach, different regions of the material are exposed to different parameters, resulting in structural changes varying on the scale of the resolution. In this work, the application of global and local parameters is combined in an aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to demonstrate atomic‐scale precision patterning of atoms in twisted bilayer graphene. The focused electron beam is used to define attachment points for foreign atoms through the controlled ejection of carbon atoms from the graphene lattice. The sample environment is staged with nearby source materials such that the sample temperature can induce migration of the source atoms across the sample surface. Under these conditions, the electron‐beam (top‐down) enables carbon atoms in the graphene to be replaced spontaneously by diffusing adatoms (bottom‐up). Using image‐based feedback control, arbitrary patterns of atoms and atom clusters are attached to the twisted bilayer graphene with limited human interaction. The role of substrate temperature on adatom and vacancy diffusion is explored by first‐principles simulations.
Flagella of Tumor‐Targeting Bacteria Trigger Local Hemorrhage to Reprogram Tumor‐Associated Macrophages for Improved Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Xu Haiheng , Xiong Shuqin , Chen Yiyun , Ye Qingsong , Guan Nan , Hu Yiqiao , Wu Jinhui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibit an immunosuppressive M2 phenotype and lead to failure of antitumor therapy. Infiltrated erythrocytes during hemorrhage are recognized as a promising strategy for polarizing TAMs. However, novel materials that precisely induce tumor hemorrhage without affecting normal coagulation still face challenges. Here, tumor‐targeting bacteria (flhDC VNP) are genetically constructed to realize precise tumor hemorrhage. FlhDC VNP colonizes the tumor and overexpresses flagella during proliferation. The flagella promote the expression of tumor necrosis factor α, which induces local tumor hemorrhage. Infiltrated erythrocytes during the hemorrhage temporarily polarize macrophages to the M1 subtype. In the presence of artesunate, this short‐lived polarization is transformed into a sustained polarization because artesunate and heme form a complex that continuously produces reactive oxygen species. Therefore, the flagella of active tumor‐targeting bacteria may open up new strategies for reprogramming TAMs and improving antitumor therapy.
Pd2MnGa Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloy with Small Energy Loss
Authors: Ito Tatsuya , Xu Xiao , Miyake Atsushi , Kinoshita Yuto , Nagasako Makoto , Takahashi Kohki , Omori Toshihiro , Tokunaga Masashi , Kainuma Ryosuke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetamagnetic shape memory alloys (MMSMAs) are attractive functional materials owing to their unique properties such as magnetostrain, magnetoresistance, and the magnetocaloric effect caused by magnetic‐field‐induced transitions. However, the energy loss during the martensitic transformation, that is, the dissipation energy, Edis, is sometimes large for these alloys, which limits their applications. In this paper, a new Pd2MnGa Heusler‐type MMSMA with an extremely small Edis and hysteresis is reported. The microstructures, crystal structures, magnetic properties, martensitic transformations, and magnetic‐field‐induced strain of aged Pd2MnGa alloys are investigated. A martensitic transformation from L21 to 10M structures is seen at 127.4 K with a small thermal hysteresis of 1.3 K. The reverse martensitic transformation is induced by applying a magnetic field with a small Edis (= 0.3 J mol−1 only) and a small magnetic‐field hysteresis (= 7 kOe) at 120 K. The low values of Edis and the hysteresis may be attributed to good lattice compatibility in the martensitic transformation. A large magnetic‐field‐induced strain of 0.26% is recorded, indicating the proposed MMSMA's potential as an actuator. The Pd2MnGa alloy with low values of Edis and hysteresis may enable new possibilities for high‐efficiency MMSMAs.
A Soft Reconfigurable Circulator Enabled by Magnetic Liquid Metal Droplet for Multifunctional Control of Soft Robots
Authors: Xu Yi , Zhu Jiaqi , Chen Han , Yong Haochen , Wu Zhigang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntegrated control circuits with multiple computation functions are essential for soft robots to achieve diverse complex real tasks. However, designing compliant yet simple circuits to embed multiple computation functions in soft electronic systems above the centimeter scale is still a tough challenge. Herein, utilizing smooth cyclic motions of magnetic liquid metal droplets (MLMD) in specially designed and surface‐modified circulating channels, a soft reconfigurable circulator (SRC) consisting of three simple and reconfigurable basic modules is described. Through these modules, MLMD can utilize their conductivity and extreme deformation capabilities to transfer their simple cyclic motions as input signals to programmable electrical output signals carrying computing information. The obtained SRCs make it possible for soft robots to perform complex computing tasks, such as logic, programming, and self‐adaptive control (a combination of programming and feedback control). Following, a digital logic‐based grasping function diagnosis, a locomotion reprogrammable soft car, and a self‐adaptive control‐based soft sorting gripper are demonstrated to verify SRCs’ capabilities. The unique attributes of MLMD allow complex computations based on simple configurations and inputs, which provide new ways to enhance soft robots' computing capabilities.
Preparation and characterization of CNTs/CaCu3Ti4O12/silicone rubber composites with improved dielectric and mechanical properties
Authors: Zeng Yu , Tang Lu , Li Guijin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe dielectric performance of Silicone rubber (SR) composites can be significantly enhanced by carbon nanotubes. However, carbon nanotubes are easy to agglomerate in the polymer matrix. Adding low‐dimensional materials of different dimensions may be a solution. In this article, one‐dimensional multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and zero‐dimensional copper calcium titanate (CaCu3Ti4O12, CCTO) ceramic fillers were simultaneously added to prepare silicone dielectric elastomer composites. SEM results showed that the CNTs were distributed uniformly in the SR matrix due to the addition of CCTO. When 2 wt% CNTs and 10 wt% CCTO were added, the dielectric constant of the composite increased from 2.79 (pure silicone rubber) to 5.72, with a low loss tangent of 0.0012. Due to the uniform dispersion of CNTs with the addition of CCTO particles, dielectric performance of the composites were enhanced. The tensile stress was 986 kPa, the elongation at break was 333%, while the elastic modulus was not more than 613 kPa (2 wt% CNTs and 5 wt% CCTO in the SR composite). In addition, the composites had a wide temperature range up to 400°C. Therefore, the prepared CNTs/CCTO/SR composites have good dielectric and mechanical properties, and good thermal stability. It has a good reference value for this kind of composites as dielectric elastomer materials.
A third‐party platoon coordination service: Pricing under government subsidies
Authors: Bai Ting , Johansson Alexander , Li Shaoyuan , Johansson Karl Henrik , Mårtensson Jonas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper models a platooning system consisting of trucks and a third‐party service provider (TPSP), which performs platoon coordination, distributes the platooning profit in platoons, and charges trucks in exchange for the services. Government subsidies used to incentivize platooning are also considered. We propose a pricing rule for the TPSP, which keeps part of the platooning profit including the subsidy each time a platoon is formed. In addition, a platoon coordination solution based on the distributed model predictive control (MPC) is proposed, in which the pricing rule under government subsidies is integrated. We perform a realistic simulation over the Swedish road network to evaluate the impact of the pricing rule and subsidies on the achieved profits and fuel savings. Our results show that subsidies are an effective mean to boost fuel savings from platooning. Moreover, the simulation study indicates that high pricing corresponds to a low platooning rate of the system, as trucks' incentives for platooning decrease.
Neutron star properties in the (axial)vector meson extended linear sigma model
Authors: Takátsy János , Kovács Péter , Wolf György , Schaffner‐Bielich Jürgen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe equation of state provided by effective models of strongly interacting matter should comply with the restrictions imposed by current astrophysical observations on compact stars. We explore the possibility, that there is quark matter in the center of neutron stars. For the equation of state of the neutron star matter, we use a relativistic mean field model for the hadronic one and the (axial‐)vector meson extended linear sigma model for the quark phase. We assume that the transition is a cross‐over between these phases. We connect the two branches in this cross‐over regime continuously by a polynomial. This equation of state should comply with the restrictions imposed by current astrophysical observations on compact stars. Our model has four free parameters that should be fitted to experimental data. By using a Bayesian analysis, we found that our model could explain all the experimental constraints; furthermore, we have obtained the most probable parameter set for our model.
Synthesis of Bioactive Hydroxytyrosol Esters via Multienzyme Cascade on Electroactive Melanin Lignin Nanoparticles: A One‐Pot Approach without Extra Reducing Agents
Authors: Piccinino Davide , Ubertini Valentina , Capecchi Eliana , Tomaino Elisabetta , Gigli Valeria , Saladino Raffaele 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA one‐pot strategy for the synthesis of bioactive hydroxytyrosol esters from tyrosol and lipophilic carboxylic acids has been developedviamultienzyme cascade immobilized on electroactive melanin lignin nanoparticles. The novel catalyst involved the co‐immobilization of lipase and tyrosinase on the polyphenolic support and was operative in the presence of sustainable 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran as organic reaction solvent. The system did not require the use of extra reducing agents for the selective synthesis of catechols. Optoelectronic and electrochemical studies suggested the role played by melanin lignin nanoparticles in the regeneration of the active site of tyrosinase from unproductivemet‐form to reversibledeoxy/oxy‐form. This effect improved the overall activity of tyrosinase in the multienzyme cascade favouring the reduction of undesired quinones to corresponding catechols.
Lignin Recovery Using Alkaline Pretreatment of Walnut Shells
Authors: Deniz Irem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe effects of alkaline pretreatment of walnut shells (WS) utilizing NaOH, Ca(OH)2, or KOH were studied. The highest lignin recovery was obtained from WS pretreated with NaOH‐glycerol. The optimum lignin recovery after pretreatment could be achieved when the NaOH/solid value was 20:1 (mL g−1). CaCl2 loading could enhance lignin flocculation, which improved the lignin recovery. Also, the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis was determined when xylanase and cellulase were added to the pretreated residue. WS pretreated in NaOH‐water and NaOH‐glycerol solutions were found to result in the highest xylose and glucose concentrations. This study indicates the broad application prospects of alkaline pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass in agriculture and industry.