bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Frailty and Malnutrition among Elderly Attending Two Primary Health Care Centers in Cairo
Authors: Mohamed Ghada Saad , Manzour Ayat Farouk , Momen Mohamed Abdel Maguid Tolba , Hamza Sarah Ahmed , Bakr Iman Mohammed Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Background
Frailty and malnutrition are interrelated common events associated with aging. They share similar symptoms. Many studies reported that those who are malnourished or who are at risk of malnutrition have an increased risk of frailty and loss of independence. An adequate energy intake may promote elderly`s quality of life (QOL) and prevent frailty in long-term care. Knowing dynamic between these two syndromes can assist in preventing their development and improving elderly QOL.

Objective
To determine the prevalence of frailty and malnutrition and to investigate the relationship between them.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted in two Primary Health care centers (PHCs) in Cairo. It included 264 elderly ≥ 60 years old. Participants underwent an interview questionnaire which included socio-demographic data, medical history, frailty assessment using fried phenotype and nutritional assessment using Mininutritional assessment (MNA). Basic anthropometric measurements including weight and knee height were also done.

Results
Prevalence of frailty was 62.1% using fried phenotype criteria whereas 29.9% were considered as prefrail. Weakness and exhaustion were the most frequent reported phenotypes. Using MNA, the prevalence of malnutrition was 28% while 50.8% of the participants were at risk of malnutrition. Frailty was highly prevalent in older age, low educational level, retired elderly, in participants with chronic diseases e.g.: hypertension and diabetes. Older age, females or having chronic diseases especially hypertension, diabetes or heart diseases, were either malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. The relationship between frailty and malnutrition was significant.

Conclusion and recommendation
Frailty and malnutrition are highly prevalent among elderly and they are interrelated. It’s recommended to screen elderly individuals for frailty and malnutrition to target older persons to early intervene before their consequences become clinically evident and irreversible.
Pattern and Epidemiological Characters of Meningitis Infections, Cairo Egypt. 2016–2019
Authors: Abd El-Wahab Hanaa S , El Din Walid S , Hussein Rasha S , Dewedar Sahar A 
Published: August 2023

Background and study aim
Egypt is an endemic area with meningitis infections, which is associated with high complications and death rates making it a medical emergency. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are around 1 million of cases per year worldwide with 135–200,000 fatal cases. The aim of the study is to describe the socio demographic, economic and clinical pattern of meningitis, to determine the outcomes of the disease in term of complications and fatality, to identify the causative organisms, and potential factors associated with either complications or mortality.

Patients and Methods
All patients presents with symptoms of meningitis according to the standardized case definition of CDC and confirmed with either cerebrospinal fluid analysis or brain imaging were recruited from Ain Shams University Hospitals by retrospective reviewing of medical records along the period from 2016 to the end of 2019. Socioedemographic, clinical and outcome data were also collected (extracted from the records)

Results
One thousand three hundred twenty-four (1324) patients were enrolled in the current study. males were more infected than females, children were the most vulnerable group. The main cause of septic meningitis was streptococcus meningitis, mainly among children after Haemophilic influenza due to the introducing the HIB vaccine in vaccination program November 2014. Bacterial meningitis was the leading cause of death among studied patient and deafness was the main neurological complication.

Conclusion
Early clinical suspicion of CNS infection and immediate management are crucial factors in reduction of the still high morbidity and mortality rates. The changes in the pattern of causative organisms must be considered when starting empiric antibiotic.
Internet Addiction among a Sample of Ain Shams University Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed Salah , Yehia El-Awady Mohamed , Boulos Dina Nabih Kamel , Gabal Hebat Allah M S 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Internet addiction (IA) is one of the addictive behaviors with a significant public health importance.

Aim of the Work
To measure the prevalence of Internet Addiction among Ain Shams university students, to identify different risk factors contributing to IA among them, and to identify the relationship between IA and self-esteem.

Materials andMethods
A crosssectional study was conducted among a sample of 1308 students from six faculties covering both Practical and literal faculties at Ain Shams University using self-administered questionnaire that include demographic characteristics, Internet related data, validated Arabic version of young’s internet addiction scale and Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale.

Results
89.7% of studied students had IA and 77.5% of the students had normal self-esteem. The majority of students (91.9%) used mobile phones to access the internet and (94.3%) accessed it from their homes. Face-book was the most used social media platform and most of students logged on the internet for social networking (87.5%). IA decreased with age advancement and increased for students living with their families. Internet addiction decreased with the improvement of students’ academic performance. IA was related to internet usage purposes in the form of studying activities, the social application used such as Instagram and twitter and the daily usage time. IA was significantly associated with Low self-esteem.

Conclusions and recommendations
Level of IA was high among Ain hams University students and it was associated with Low self-esteem. Awareness interventional campaign about the harmful consequences of excessive internet usage become an urgent issue.
Perception of Health Care Personnel in Ain Shams University Hospitals toward COVID-19 Vaccine and the Intention for Vaccination
Authors: Adly Remon Mosaad , Algamal Aisha Aboul Fotouh , AlBagoury Lamyaa Said , Magdy Maha , Wahdan Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

Background
Vaccination has significantly decreased the burden of infectious diseases. Its role in disease control has been well recognized, countries prioritize vaccinating health care personnel against COVID-19 because of their susceptibility to the virus. However, vaccine hesitancy remains a barrier to reach that aim.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the perception of health care personnel (HCP) in Ain Shams University hospitals toward COVID-19 vaccine, intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted at Ain Shams University hospitals from the first of April 2021 till end of August 2021. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire designed to cover topics wanted to be addressed in the study.

Results
Out of 337 health care personnel, 256(76.0%) of them had a positive attitude with the vaccination. Regarding the intention to receive the available COVID-19 vaccine, 228(67.7%) of health care personnel intended to receive the vaccine, 59(17.5%) do not intend to receive it while 50(14.8%) were unsure “hesitant”. Among 228 who intended to receive the available vaccine 136(59.6%) were physicians, 57(25.0%) were nurses, 35 (15.4%) were workers.

Conclusion
A high proportion of health care personnel declared their willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and hence, this will play a leading role in combating the pandemic.
Relation between Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and IL-17 Serum Level
Authors: Nassar Nagwa M M , Abd El-Aziz Ola A , Elmallah Reem M , El-Hoseiny Samar S 
Published: August 2023

Background
Osteoporosis is a bone condition that makes bones thinner and more fragile because of reduced bone density, and it puts people at risk of fractures, especially of the hip, spinal vertebrae and wrist.

Aim of the Work
to study possible relation between serum level of IL-17 and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Patient and Methods
This was a cross sectional study that was conducted at Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation department at Ain Shams University hospital including thirty postmenopausal females’ study were diagnosed as having primary post-menopausal“ type I”. Then they were further subdivided into 15 post-menopausal non-osteoporotic women with normal BMD and 15 Postmenopausal osteoporotic women with reduced bone mineral density BMD diagnosed as having Primary Post menopausal Osteoporosis According to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of osteoporosis for post-menopausal women. The duration of the study ranged from 6-12 months.

Results
There was high statistically significant difference between with and without osteoporosis groups regarding DEXA Score and FRAX and IL-17 serum level. There was a significant negative correlation between IL-17 serum level and each of age and menopause duration, while there was highly significant positive correlation between FRAX and each of age and duration of menopause. ROC curve in our study showed that: IL-17 serum level can be used to diagnose osteoporosis at a cutoff level of &gt; 80, AUC of 1.0, with 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV and 100% NPV. DEXA Score can be used to diagnose osteoporosis at a cutoff level of ≤ -2.6, AUC of 1.0, with 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV and 100% NPV. FRAX can be used to diagnose osteoporosis at a cutoff level of &gt; 0.4, AUC of 0.92, with 93.33% sensitivity, 80% specificity, 82.4% PPV and 92.3% NPV.

Conclusion
Serum IL-17 is significantly elevated in postmenopausal osteoporosis which may indicate its role in bone-resorptive processes.
Role of Multi-Detector CT (MDCT) in Diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction
Authors: Elhadidy Amany Mohammed , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar , Ragheb Samar Ramzy 
Published: August 2023

Background
CT is appropriate imaging modality for evaluation of patients with suspected intestinal obstruction in whom clinical examination and radiography do not yield a definitive diagnosis. CT is sensitive for detection of high-grade obstruction and has the additional benefit of defining the cause and level of obstruction.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of MDCT in the diagnosing of intestinal obstruction, detection of its causes and possible complications, and to correlate the association between imaging features and operative finding.

Patients and Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted including 31 patients between 7 months and 75 years with clinically suspected intestinal obstruction. Patients underwent multi-detector CT. Image interpretations performed by Independent radiologists were compared with the final diagnosis that was based on clinical and lab information as well as surgical findings in operated cases.

Results
Adhesive intestinal obstruction was the main cause of small bowel obstruction while adenocarcinoma was the main cause of large bowel obstruction in our study. The most common site diagnosed on CT was jejunum (87.1%). Highly significant correlation was found between CT and operative findings in the diagnosis of the site and cause of obstruction with P value of &lt; 0.001.

Conclusion
MDCT is highly accurate and specific in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. It can demonstrate the exact site of obstruction, as a result it is useful for developing an appropriate treatment plan and managing the patient.
Comparison between Lung Ultrasound and Chest Computed Tomography in the Assessment of Severity of Confirmed Coronavirus COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Elhefnawy Suzan Bahig Ali , Fawzi Mohamed Mohsen Tolba , Gawargios Fayrouz Abdel Nour Adeab , El-Din Nourhan Mohammed Hossam 
Published: August 2023

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported for the first time in the Chinese province of Wuhan and then rapidly spread worldwide, to be declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which has a genome similar to that of the RNA virus group that caused SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between LUS and CT findings in SARS-CoV-2 infection, to assess the performance of lung ultrasound (LUS) to classify lung abnormalities and to evaluate the possibility of using this technique to provide a quantitative assessment of pulmonary involvement in COVID-19 patients.

Patients and Methods
This was a cross sectional study that included 30 patients who had symptoms of variable degree of fever, cough, and dyspnea with RT-PCR confirmed COVID19 infection by nasopharyngeal swab on admission or during hospitalisation either at ward or intensive care unit (ICU) at Ain Shams University Hospitals and National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute from May 2021 to March 2022, for whom CT chest was ordered before admission. An acceptance from the ethical committee of the Radiology Department and the ethical committee of Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University and NHTMRI was obtained to use the data stored on PACS with the patient’s consent to perform lung ultrasound. Patients who did not perform PCR test, age &lt;18years, those with known history of interstitial lung disease or with previous lung and thoracic wall surgery, anatomically having thoracic wall abnormalities and patients who did not consent to participate in the study were not included in the study.

Results
This study showed that in a sample of patients with PCR proven COVID-19, Patients with respiratory symptoms or comorbidities tended to have more changes on LUS and more extensive disease on CT. There was a relationship between the abnormalities detected by the imaging modalities; In addition, LUS score is associated with severity as assessed by chest CT scan and clinical features

Conclusion
The advantages of ultrasonography compared to CT include portability, no exposure to radiation (pregnant women and patients with extra risk for radiation use), low cost, no need for auxiliary personnel, and repeatability. Thus, it can be used as an alternative to CT chest in severe cases (especially ICU cases).
Prevalence of Pulmonary Embolism among COVID-19 Patients Using Multidetector Computed Tomography
Authors: Mahmoud Gehad Reda , Mohamed Shaimaa Salah , Ibrahim Ahmed Samir 
Published: August 2023

Background
Thrombotic complications in patients diagnosed with (COVID-19) are emerging as an important sequela that contribute to significant morbidity and mortality

Aim of the Work
To discuss prevalence of pulmonary embolism as one of the thrombotic complications in COVID-19 Egyptian population.

Patients and Methods
Our study is a retrospective study that included patients from period August 2020 to July 2021. The study included 50 patients who were diagnosed as having COVID19 infection, referred to the Radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals for a CT pulmonary angiography due to clinical suspicion of acute pulmonary embolism PE.

Results
Acute pulmonary embolism was found in 22% of patient diagnosed with COVID-19 who underwent CT pulmonary angiography. 81.8% of patients with acute PE were males. The most common distribution site for embolism was in segmental branches (81.8%). 100 % of patients with acute PE had high D-dimer levels, while only 50% pf patients with no PE had elevated D-dimer levels.

Conclusion
Pulmonary embolism is a relatively common complication during COVID-19 pandemic, and it is associated with high D-dimer levels. This is one of the thrombotic complications of this disease which needs early recognition and management.
Safety of Ultrasound Guided Endovenous Management of Varicose Veins and How to Avoid Potential Complications
Authors: Amer Hesham Said Abdelhamid Mohamed , Hetta Osama Mohamed Abdelhamid , Mesbah Mostafa Mohamed Farid Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Background
Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have been used to treat superficial venous insufficiency, Ablation of veins has replaced operative saphenectomy as the procedure of choice for the treatment of superficial venous insufficiency. This change has likely taken place due to the minimally invasive nature and acceptable safety of endovenous ablation while remaining as efficacious and durable as saphenous ligation and stripping. Pattern of complications had been changed over the past decade, due to shifting from surgical stripping of varicose veins to endovenous procedures. The incidence of complications vary widely based on the level of operators as ecchymosis incidence post endovenous procedure range from (52-100%), parathesia (0.5 - 41.5%), phlebitis (0.5 – 5.5%), burn (0.46%), DVT (0.27%), and pulmonary embolism in 0.02% of cases.

Aim of the Work
assessing the incidence of complications during endovenous procedures of varicose veins and possible preventive measures. Assessing incidence of complications during Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), radiofrequency ablation and injection sclerotherapy. Assessing the preventive measures that could be conducted to decrease the incidence of complications of endovenous surgeries.

Patients and Methods
Type of study retrospective cohort study study setting the study will be conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals, interventional radiology department study period 2 years study population patients admitted in interventional radiology department during the past 2 years and scheduled for varicose veins treatment.

Results
was conducted on 20 patients, 70.0% were males and 30.0% were females with mean age of the study group was 45.35 ± 11.34 years ranged from 28 to 65 years. Most patients with no known medical or surgical history 65.5%, 25.0% were diabetic and 5.0% were hypertensive.

Conclusion
because most of the side effects are minor, and major complications are rare, EVLA is a safe and minimally invasive procedure with excellent efficacy in the treatment of varicose veins. Because optimizing laser parameters and the EVLA procedure may reduce the incidence and severity of complications associated with EVLA, additional research is warranted.
Use of PET/CT in Diagnosis and Staging of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Emad Amany , Sayed Khaled , Magdy Kerolos , Sharobeem Wilson 
Published: August 2023

Background
The pleural space is formed by two pleural membranes: the parietal pleura and the visceral pleura. Each is comprised of a single layer of mesothelial cells, a basement membrane, and a layer of connective tissue which contains blood vessels and lymphatics. Various benign, malignant, and tumor-like conditions can involve the pleura. Malignant neoplasms are more common than benign neoplasms. Pleural tumors can have a varied imaging spectrum – may be unilateral or bilateral, calcified, or noncalcified, and focal or diffuse.

Aim of the Work
To elucidate the role of PET/CT in diagnosing and staging of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients.

Patients and Methods
A cross sectional analysis of all cases of malignant mesothelioma referred to Elmaadi Military hospital during the period from Nov. 2020 to Jun. 2021 for assessment of the role of F18-FDG PET/CT in staging, restaging and monitor of therapy response compared to CT. The total number of patients with mesothelioma was 30 patients, 20 males and 10 females.

Results
In the present study, 27 patients out of 30 patients evaluated with PET/CT showed positive findings at primary sites in pleura and accurately localized tumor sites in them. Also 9 patients of them had local lesions in pleura only with 6 patients had loco-regional lesions. Furthermore 12 patients had loco-regional and metastatic lesions. We demonstrate that PET/CT has high sensitivity than CT in detecting MPM lesions specially intrathoracic lymph node and extrathoracic metastasis as (37% vs. 18 %) of PET/CT and CT respectively.

Conclusion
FDG PET/CT increases the accuracy of overall staging in patients with MPM and significantly improves the selection of patients for curative surgical resection. Specifically, FDG PET/CT is particularly useful in identifying mediastinal lymph node involvement and detection of distant metastases.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluating of Non-Traumatic Chronic Ankle Pain in Adult
Authors: Boutros Kyrillos Soliman Kadous , Gamrah Sherif Hamed Abou , Ibrahim Suzan Farouk 
Published: August 2023

Background
Chronic ankle pain is a common complaint that can interfere with a patient's routine activities. Despite careful and detailed clinical history and physical examination, providing an accurate diagnosis is often difficult because chronic ankle pain has a broad spectrum of potential causes. Therefore, imaging studies play a key role in diagnosis and management.
The ability of MRI to demonstrate soft tissue detail and to visualize high anatomical resolution gives it an advantage in characterization of the abnormal findings. (1)

Aim of the Study
To highlight the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of the underlying aetiology of chronic non traumatic ankle pain.

Patients and Methods
cross sectional study was conducted in Ain Shams University hospitals on patients confirmed with nontraumatic chronic ankle pain undergoing ankle MRI study.

Results
The most common causes of nontraumatic chronic ankle pain were haglund syndrome five cases (14.3%) and osteoarthritic changes five cases (14.3%). Overall MRI imaging was able to pick probable etiology in our study.

Conclusion
High soft tissue resolution, nonionizing, noninvasive nature, and multiplanar capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) make it an investigation of choice for nontraumatic ankle pain. It demonstrates soft tissue structures including muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilages, nerves, blood vessels as well as bony structures. It is also useful for guiding treatment decisions and determining response to therapy.
Role of Ultrasonography in Assessment of Painful Ankle
Authors: Geryes Lilian Michel Ayad , Mohamed Marwa Ibrahim , Bassiouny Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Background
Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) imaging is becoming more and more popular in the evaluation and management of various problems in rheumatology.

Aim of work
to document the prevalence and spectrum of MSKUS findings at different parts of the ankle in patients complaining of ankle pain.

Patients and Methods
- This study was carried out at the Radiology Department, Ain shams University Hospitals. Twenty-eight patients with ankle pain underwent ultrasound (US) examination.

Results
abnormalities were found in 54% of the examinations performed. The abnormalities were more common in female patients accounting for 57 % of the abnormalities detected. The most common finding was joint effusion/synovitis seen in 26% of the patients.

Conclusion
ankle US was able to identify a large number of pathologies. This demonstrates the usefulness of US in the evaluation of a patient with ankle pain.