bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of enteral nutrition intervention on immune and nutritional indexes of patients with gastric malignant cancer during postoperative chemotherapy
Authors: Qi Xinhui , Qu Shuxian , Du Cheng , Qiu Jianing , Liu Yongming , Li Jingyu , Zheng Zhendong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in nutritional status and related indexes in patients with Nutritional Risk Score (NRS) ≥ 3 gastric cancer after nutritional support treatment.MethodsA total of 50 patients with gastric cancer were divided into two groups according to the different nutritional support treatment they received during postoperative chemotherapy: immune-enhanced enteral nutrition group (n= 25) and conventional enteral nutrition group (n= 25). Changes in patient’ body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (HB), serum total protein (TP), serum albumin (ALB), and immune indexes (CD3+, CD4+/CD8+, CD3+/CD8+) were monitored before and after chemotherapy. At the same time, the incidence and classification of gastrointestinal adverse reactions after chemotherapy were assessed.ResultsCompared with the conventional enteral nutrition group, the nutritional and immune indexes in the immune-enhanced enteral nutrition group were significantly improved. After chemotherapy, the incidence of adverse reactions in the digestive tract was relatively lower and the grade was reduced.ConclusionImmune-enhanced enteral nutrition support can significantly improve the nutritional status of patients, improve immune function, increase the susceptibility of cancer patients to chemotherapy, reduce toxicity and adverse effects, and improve the quality of life of tumor patients compared with conventional enteral nutrition support.
Impact of IL-18 gene promoter polymorphisms on renal cell carcinoma occurrence and prognosis in Chinese Han population*
Authors: Nong Shaojun , Guan Yangbo , Wei Zhongqing , Zhang Yueping , Cheng Bin , He Chongsheng , Ma Limin , Zhou Shujun , Li Wenguang , Ni Jian , Wang Zhiwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Genetic polymorphisms in various inflammatory cytokines have been associated with the risk and growth or invasiveness of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the molecular basis of RCC pathogenesis is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore a possible association between two IL-18 gene promoter polymorphisms, -137G/C and -607C/A, and RCC occurrence and prognosis in a Chinese Han population.

Methods
Chinese Han patients with RCC (n = 175) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 200) were analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping during follow-up.

Results
IL-18-137G allele frequency was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis (Odds ratio [OR], 3.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-16.17; P = 0.045). The IL-18-607 CC genotype was associated with distant metastasis (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.35-6.24; P = 0.025). The IL-18-137 G allele was correlated with more advanced tumor stage (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.05-3.72; P = 0.026) and higher tumor grade (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 0.78-4.12; P = 0.041). The IL-18-607 CC genotype frequency was significantly higher in patients with more advanced cancer stage (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.80-6.87; P = 0.001) and higher tumor grade (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.25-12.25; P = 0.035). The IL-18-607 allele was associated with more advanced cancer stage (OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.38-3.83; P = 0.002).Carriers of the GG genotype with the -137G/ C polymorphism had a 2.165-times higher risk of RCC progression than carriers of the GC genotype (Hazard ratio = 2.15, 95% CI, 1.270-3.687).

Conclusion
The IL-18-137 G allele was correlated with more advanced stage, higher tumor grade, and lymph node metastasis. IL-18 gene promoter polymorphism -137G/C may thus influence the prognosis of RCC patients.
Gastric cancer with soft tissue metastasis of the abdominal wall: a case report
Authors: Guo Tenglong , Yang Huiliang , Xue Jiaming , Li Wenbin , Zhang Taotao , Zhang Xiangwen , Zu Guo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAbdominal wall metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) is a very rare occurrence in the clinic setting. We recently diagnosed and treated a patient with abdominal wall metastasis of GC and we hope to provide some helpful guidance on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.A 49-year-old male patient with GC was admitted to our hospital (Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China) complaining of left upper abdominal wall mass. Physical examination and regular laboratory blood tests showed no obvious abnormalities. Ultrasound and CT of the abdomen showed a subcutaneous solid mass in the abdominal wall. Radical gastrectomy was performed on February 27, 2019, six months after it was first noticed by the patient. Pathological examination and immunohistochemistry showed GC with abdominal metastasis. Postoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy was not pursued after the second operation and no recurrence or metastasis has been noted so far. GC with abdominal metastasis is very rare and can be easily missed or misdiagnosed. For metastasis to a single site in the abdominal wall, surgical resection, which is recommended, may improve patient outcomes.
Modified Appleby operation for carcinoma of the pancreatic body and tail
Authors: Huang Dongfang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This is a case of a pancreatic tumor with invasion of the celiac stem treated using the modified Appleby operation. Preoperatively, routine B-ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed. In the perioperative period, the combined gallbladder was excised; the duration of the operation was 5 h and volume of blood loss was approximately 500 ml. Postoperatively, the liver function temporarily returned and after a liver protection treatment, it returned to normal within 2 weeks. The liver had normal arterial blood supply, and the postoperative course was uneventful. It is safe and feasible to resect the whole pancreatic body and tail tumor combined with celiac stem resection. It can improve the resection rate of tumor and relieve pain.
Neurotrophin 3 hinders the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells*
Authors: Zhao Shengnan , Chen Aixia , Cao Jingyu , Wang Zusen , Hu Weiyu , Zhou Fei , Liang Donghai , Yu Hongsheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Neurotrophin 3 (NTF3) is involved in numerous biological processes; however, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well studied. This study investigated NTF3 function in HCC progression and revealed its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods
The prognostic relevance of NTF3 was determined through a bioinformatical analysis of publicly available TCGA data. Immunohistochemistry of HCC biopsies was performed to explore the expression of NTF3. Cell growth and proliferation were analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell invasion and migration were analyzed using Boyden Transwell and wound healing assays. Protein expression and mRNA levels were evaluated through immunoblotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Cell apoptosis was evaluated with flow cytometry.

Results

NTF3 expression was significantly lower in HCC tissues than in adjacent non-tumor tissues. Low NTF3 expression was significantly associated with decreased patient survival and specific clinicopathological features. NTF3 overexpression reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of HCC cell lines.

Conclusion
Decreased expression of NTF3 is associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients, likely due to its action in promoting HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our findings provide a novel understanding into the pathogenesis of HCC and the role of NTF3 in tumor progression, suggesting that targeting NTF3 has potential therapeutic and diagnostic value for HCC.
Expression of PD-1/PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance*
Authors: Li Jian , Chen Yimin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate PD-1/PD-L1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and its relationship with EGFR/KRAS mutation.

Methods
The expression levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma were detected. Clinicopathological parameters were collected and followed up. The effects of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma were statistically analyzed.

Results
PD-L1 and PD-1 were mainly located in the membrane and cytoplasm of tumor cells. The positive expression rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 were 53% and 40%, respectively. Positive PD-1 expression had a significant effect on the incidence of KRAS mutation (P < 0.05), while PD-L1 expression significantly affected the incidence of EGFR mutation (P < 0.05). Overexpression of PD-1 and PD-L1 had a significant negative effect on disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (P<0.05) but had no significant effect on overall survival (P > 0.05). EGFR gene mutation, high PD-1 expression, high PD-L1 expression, N stage, and AJCC stage were independent risk factors of DFS (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
High PD-1/PD-L1 expression is closely related to the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma and can be used as an independent factor to assess the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. There were negative correlations between PD-L1 expression and EGFR mutation and between PD-1 expression and KRAS mutation.
Efficacy and adverse reactions of apatinib as second-line or later-line treatment in advanced lung cancer
Authors: Ren Tao , Wu Yan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The objective was to investigate the prognostic factors of advanced lung cancer treated with apatinib by log-rank regression analysis.

Methods
Sixty patients with advanced stage lung cancer confirmed at The First People’s Hospital of Nanning between January 2018 and December 2018 who had received a second-line treatment or a treatment above this level were included. All patients were treated with 425 mg/d apatinib orally for a 28-day course of treatment. Log-rank regression analysis of remission rates, disease control rates, adverse events, and prognostic factors in all patients was performed.

Results
After treatment, the total remission rate was 6.7%, and the disease control rate was 61.7% (37/60). Progression-free survival was 3.2 ± 0.1 months, and overall survival was 5.3 ± 0.5 months. The overall incidence of grade 3-4 adverse reactions was 15.0% (9/60), and these adverse reactions were significantly relieved by reducing the drug dose or suspending drug use. Differentiation degree, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, and adverse reactions were all important and independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Apatinib treatment could effectively inhibit the progress of the disease for patients with advanced lung cancer and prolong their survival with relatively mild toxicity and side effects, which is beneficial to patient tolerance. Moreover, the degree of differentiation, ECOG score, and adverse reactions could affect the prognosis of patients.
Comparable outcomes but higher risks of prolonged viral RNA shedding duration and secondary infection in cancer survivors with COVID-19: A multi-center, matched retrospective cohort study*
Authors: Peng Hui , Wang Sheng , Mei Qi , Dai Yuhong , Li Jian , Li Ming , Halfter Kathrin , Jiang Xueyan , Huang Qin , Wang Lei , Wei Wei , Liu Ru , cao Zhen , Daba Motuma Yigezu , Wang Fangfang , Zhou Bingqing , Qiu Hong , Yuan Xianglin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To identify the differences in clinical features and outcomes between cancer survivors and non-cancer patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods
In this multicenter, retrospective, and observational cohort study from February 10, 2020 to March 31, 2020 in Wuhan, China, all cancer survivors infected with COVID-19 were screened, and statistically matched with non-cancer patients with COVID-19 using propensity score matching. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data were extracted from a standardized medical recording system and underwent review and assessment.

Results
Sixty-one cancer survivors and 183 matched non-cancer patients were screened from 2,828 COVID-19 infected patients admitted to 4 hospitals in Wuhan, China. The median ages of the cancer survivor cohort and non-cancer patient cohort were 64.0 (55.0-73.0) and 64.0 (54.0-73.5), respectively (P = 0.909). Cancer survivors reported a higher incidence of symptom onset than non-cancer patients. Fever (80.3% vs. 65.0%; P = 0.026) was the most prevalent symptom, followed by cough (65.6% vs. 37.7%; P < 0.001), myalgia, and fatigue (45.9% vs. 13.6%; P < 0.001). The risks of the development of severe events (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76-2.06; P = 0.378) and mortality (relative risk [RR] = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.79-1.04; P = 0.416) in the cancer survivor cohort were comparable to those of the matched non-cancer patient cohort. However, the cancer survivor cohort showed a higher incidence of secondary infection (52.5% vs. 30.1%; RR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.11-1.95; P = 0.002) and a prolonged viral RNA shedding duration (32 days [IQR 26.0-46.0] vs.24.0 days [IQR 18.0-33.0]; AHR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.38-0.80; P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Compared to non-cancer patients, cancer survivors with COVID-19 exhibited a higher incidence of secondary infection, a prolonged period of viral shedding, but comparable risks of the development of severe events and mortality. It is helpful for clinicians to take tailored measures to treat cancer survivors with COVID-19.
Study on the antitumor effects of autologous and allogeneic CIK cells in patients with breast cancer*
Authors: Chen Xia , Dai Zhijian , Lu Xiangji , Ren Meng , Guo Zhenshan , Gao Yanwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to compare the anti-tumor effects of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells induced by autologous cytokines in patients with breast cancer and those of allogeneic CIK cells from healthy adults.

Methods
We used conventional methods to induce CIK cells originating from two peripheral blood mononuclear cell types (from patients with breast cancer and healthy adults). Killing activity was detected using an LDH assay, immunophenotypic changes were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the IFN-γ level of culture supernatants was detected by ELISA.

Results
The results showed that the proliferative capacity of the allogeneic CIK cells was significantly higher than that of the autologous CIK cells. Compared with autologous CIK cells, the allogeneic CIK cells had significantly enhanced anti-tumor activity against SKBR-3 cells (P < 0.01) and IFN-γ secretion (P < 0.05); moreover, they increased the ratio of CD3+ CD56+ cells and CD3+ CD8+ cells (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Healthy adult-derived induced CIK cells exhibited a stronger anti-tumor effect than induced CIK cells derived from patients with breast cancer. The results of this study could provide experimental evidence for the clinical application of CIK cells.
Autophagy-related lncRNA and its related mechanism in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tan Feifei , Zhou Zhongyin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Colon cancer is a type of cancer with high morbidity and mortality, of which adenocarcinoma is the most common type. Numerous studies have found that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to the occurrence and development of colon cancer. Autophagy is a key metabolic process in the human body and has a role in affecting cancer growth. In this study, our aim was to explore the correlation between lncRNAs and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) from the perspective of autophagy.

Methods
A series of bioinformatics methods were used to explore the correlation between lncRNA and COAD from the perspective of autophagy.

Results
Four autophagy-related lncRNAs related to the prognosis of COAD were identified: EB1-AS1, LINC02381, AC011462.4, and AC016876.1. These four lncRNAs may act as oncogenes involved in the occurrence and development of COAD. The prognostic model was established, and the accuracy of the model was verified by the receiver operating characteristic curve. The risk score of the model could independently predict the prognosis of patients and was preferable to other clinical indicators, with higher values indicating a worse prognosis of the patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed for these four lncRNAs, which showed that the high expression group of these were enriched in the basal cell carcinoma pathway. To make it more convenient for clinicians to use, we constructed a nomogram based on age and risk score, which can be used to evaluate the one-, three-, and five-year survival rates of patients.

Conclusion
These results can help us understand the mechanism of action of lncRNA on COAD from the perspective of autophagy and may provide new directions for the diagnosis and treatment of COAD. The EB1-AS1 gene in this study is a potential candidate biological target for COAD treatment in the future.
Association of 2-methoxyestradiol levels with the occurrence and development of endometrial cancer in humans*
Authors: Zhao Huanhuan , Li Junyu , Liu Yan , Li Li 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine the association of urinary levels of estradiol (E2) and 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2) with the occurrence and development of endometrial cancer.

Methods
In this case-control study, 24-h urine specimens were collected from 28 postmenopausal patients with endometrial cancer and 28 postmenopausal healthy female controls. The concentration of 2-MeOE2 was determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction. The concentration of E2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Estrogen levels were different between the patients with endometrial cancer and controls. The relative quantity of E2 in the case group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), whereas that of 2-MeOE2 was lower in the case group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The ratio of E2-to-2-MeOE2 in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
The results of this study indicate an imbalance of estrogen metabolites in endometrial carcinogenesis. Reduced 2-MeOE2 levels and elevated E2-to-2-MeOE2 ratio may be used as potential biomarkers for the risk assessment of estrogen-induced endometrial cancer.
The role of OR51E2 in colon cancer and rectal adenocarcinoma and the potential underlying mechanism
Authors: Chen Shujia , Wei Siang , Wang Jiwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by intestinal microbiota influence the pathogenesis and development of several intestinal diseases. OR51E2 is a newly discovered SCFA receptor. At present, research on the link between OR51E2 and intestinal cancer is limited. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between OR51E2 and colorectal cancer.

Methods
Bioinformatic analysis revealed the OR51E2 protein expression pattern in different parts of the intestine, regulation of related proteins, and immune cell infiltration. The expression pattern and prognostic value of OR51E2 in colon and rectal cancer was determined, and the miRNAs targeting OR51E2 were predicted.

Results
The expression level of OR51E2 was relatively high in the colon, small intestine, and duodenum. In addition, OR51E2 expression level was significantly reduced in colon and rectal cancer. A positive correlation between OR51E2 and immune cells was observed, which was associated with the survival of patients with colon and rectal cancer (hazard ratio: 1.5). Further, miR-96-5p and miR-1271-5-p were predicted to target OR51E2.

Conclusion
OR51E2 plays an important positive role in the survival of patients with colon cancer and rectal adenocarcinoma.
Effect of radiotherapy on tumor markers and serum immune-associated cells in patients with esophageal cancer*
Authors: Gao Wei , Liu Xiaoxiao , Ma Hongbing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effect of radiotherapy on serum immune-associated cells and tumor markers in patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods
A total of 87 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to our hospital between October 2016 and July 2020 were selected as the observation group, and all patients received radiotherapy. A total of 87 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination at our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group in order to compare the changes in serum immune-associated cells and tumor markers between the two groups.

Results
The levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA) 125, CA72-4, C-terminus of cytokeratin (CYFRA) 21-1, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen in the observation group before radiotherapy were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were significant (P < 0.05). The levels of CEA, CA125, CA72-4, CYFRA21-1, and SCC antigen in the research group after radiotherapy were significantly lower than those before radiotherapy, but were still significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and natural killer cells in the research group before and after radiotherapy were significantly lower, while the levels of Treg and CD8+ cells were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ cells in the observation group after radiotherapy were lower, while the levels of CD8+ cells were significantly higher than those before radiotherapy (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Radiotherapy can effectively reduce the level of serum tumor markers in patients with esophageal cancer; these antigens and cells can be used as tumor markers of esophageal cancer in order to determine its prognosis. However, radiotherapy has adverse effects on the immune function of the body. The reasons behind this need to be further studied and analyzed.
Ultrasonographic and clinicopathologic features of benign Brenner tumors of the ovary*
Authors: Wang Shuyu , Zhou Xiaomei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to summarize and analyze the ultrasonographic and clinicopathologic features of benign brenner tumors of the ovary.

Methods
Forty-six patients with brenner tumors of the ovary were included, and the imaging and pathologic features of the tumors were analyzed.

Results
Thirty-eight cases were unilateral, while eight cases were bilateral. The tumors were located only in the left ovary in 32 patients and in the right ovary in six patients. The median diameter of the tumors was 62 mm, and the diameter ranged from 15 to 270 mm. Vascular tumors were not observed. Most of the tumors (22/46) showed micro-perfusion, while 16 tumors showed no blood flow signal. Acoustic signal shadows after the cysts were observed in 26 tumors, accounting for 57% of all brenner tumors. Fourteen patients showed unilocular or multilocular tumors with no distinct characteristics on ultrasonography. Sixteen masses showed a multilocular solid structure, accompanied by calcification and a post-mass shadow; the solid structure showed mild-to-moderate vascularization on Doppler examination. Sixteen masses showed a pure solid structure, accompanied by calcification, resulting in an acoustic shadow behind the tumor; the solid structure showed mild-to-moderate vascularization on Doppler examination.

Conclusion
Some ultrasonographic features, including calcification with shadow, poor blood circulation of solid components, and mass localization, are helpful in the diagnosis of benign brenner tumors.