bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterising the interior of five inner Saturnian moons using Cassini ISS data
Authors: Lainey V. , Rambaux N. , Cooper N. , Dahoumane R. , Zhang Q. 
Published: February 2023

Context. The Cassini-Huygens space mission provided a huge amount of data for the Saturnian system. While the mission ended in September 2017, there is still much information to be retrieved from the data.
Aims. Here, from their orbital motion, we infer the interior of the five inner Saturnian moons, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Janus, and Epimetheus. Our results benefit from a recent study of the shape of these moons, which provides a much better estimation of their 3D shape and volume.
Methods. Using Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) astrometric data, we again reduced the Cassini ISS images with an improved shape modelling. We then integrated the orbital motion of the inner Saturnian moons and solved for a large set of physical parameters for this system, including the masses and physical libration amplitudes of the moons.
Results. We obtain a density value (in g cm−3 with a 1σ error bar based on the digital terrain models and spherical harmonics available today) of 0.3935 ± 0.0033, 0.4873 ± 0.0026, 0.5045 ± 0.0017, 0.6233 ± 0.0015, and 0.6413 ± 0.0002 for Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, and Janus, respectively. We were able to determine the physical libration amplitudes of Prometheus, Pandora, Epimetheus, and Janus to be 0.98 ± 0.08, −5.2 ± 0.7, −6.0 ± 0.6, and −0.39 ± 0.16 (degrees and 1σ error bar), respectively. Our solutions for Epimetheus and Janus are in full agreement with a former estimation performed directly from the measurement of the rotation of these two moons.
Conclusions. We confirm the large porosity of these five moons and their increase in density as a function of their size. Our estimations of the physical librations of Prometheus, Pandora, Janus, and Epimetheus are consistent with a homogeneous interior, but for Pandora a heterogeneous interior is also plausible.
Independent Roman bondage of graphs
Authors: Kosari Saeed , Amjadi Jafar , Chellali Mustapha , Sheikholeslami Seyed Mahmoud 
Published: February 2023

An independent Roman dominating function (IRD-function) on a graph G is a function f : V(G) → {0, 1, 2} satisfying the conditions that (i) every vertex u for which f(u) = 0 is adjacent to at least one vertex v for which f(v) = 2, and (ii) the set of all vertices assigned non-zero values under f is independent. The weight of an IRD-function is the sum of its function values over all vertices, and the independent Roman domination number iR(G) of G is the minimum weight of an IRD-function on G. In this paper, we initiate the study of the independent Roman bondage number biR(G) of a graph G having at least one component of order at least three, defined as the smallest size of set of edges F ⊆ E(G) for which iR(G − F) > iR(G). We begin by showing that the decision problem associated with the independent Roman bondage problem is NP-hard for bipartite graphs. Then various upper bounds on biR(G) are established as well as exact values on it for some special graphs. In particular, for trees T of order at least three, it is shown that biR(T) ≤ 3, while for connected planar graphs the upper bounds are in terms of the maximum degree with refinements depending on the girth of the graph.
Nanosecond pulsed discharge in a gas–liquid mixture produced by hydrodynamic cavitation using Venturi tube
Authors: Wu Qiong , Luo Haiyun , Liu Zhigang , Zhang Liyang , Li Yutai , Zhang Qikang , Zou Xiaobing , Wang Xinxin 
Published: February 2023

The nanosecond pulsed discharge in a gas–liquid mixture of a Venturi tube with the injection of oxygen was numerically and experimentally investigated. It was found that the density of the gas–liquid mixture close to the electrode at the water inlet is significantly lower than that at the water outlet. The lowest void fraction close to the water outlet is higher than 50%. When the oxygen flow rises from 0.5 SLPM to 3 SLPM, the flow mode changes from the bubble flow to the annular flow. If the applied voltage is kept at 45 kV in amplitude, the probability of the breakdown increases with the water flow and it reaches 100% as the water flow rises to 9.5 L/min. Since the pulsed breakdown voltage changes from shot to shot under the same experimental conditions, the distribution of 200 breakdown voltages was measured and the median in the distribution of the probability density, defined as U50, was determined. The curve of the U50 as a function of the oxygen flow takes the shape of “V,” similar to that of the Paschen curve obtained from the gas breakdown. An abnormal polarity effect in the breakdown voltage was observed, and the reason was given. By combining the results from the experiment with the numerical simulation, the spatial distribution of the reduced field at the time of breakdown was determined. The oxygen flows not higher than 0.5 SLPM are the better choice for getting a reduced field higher than 500 Td.
Structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of chromium doped Gd3Fe5-xCrxO12 garnet compound
Authors: Sultana Jolaikha , Mohapatra Jeotikanta , Liu J. Ping , Mishra Sanjay R. 
Published: February 2023

The detailed structural, magnetic, and cryogenic magneto-caloric properties of chromium-substituted gadolinium iron garnet (Gd3Fe5-xCrxO12) nanocrystalline powders were studied using the facile autocombustion method and a calcination temperature of 1100 °C. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that all samples were single-phase with cubic Ia3d symmetry. The temperature and field-dependent magnetization data of Gd3Fe5-xCrxO12 samples revealed a ferrimagnetic ordering at low temperatures. Upon Cr3+ substitution, the Curie temperature reduced by 7% at x = 0.25 from 560 K for x = 0.00 sample. In a field up to 5 T, the maximum magnetic entropy change was observed as ΔSM ∼ 3.8 J K−1 kg−1 for x = 0.00 and −ΔSM ∼ 3.9 J K−1 kg−1 for x = 0.25 sample, while the maximum relative cooling power, RCP, value of 420 J kg−1 was measured for x = 0.25 sample, which is 10% larger than the x = 0.00 (RCP ∼ 380 J kg−1). Therefore, Cr3+ substituted Gd3Fe5-xCrxO12 samples exhibit promising magneto-caloric performance and have potential low-temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.
Tunable magnetocrystalline anisotropy and high-frequency magnetic properties of Y2(Co1−xFex)17 and their composites
Authors: Zhang Pengyu , Wang Yuankang , Yang Wenyun , Yun Chao , Li Kewei , Liu Zhou , Xian Cong , Yuan Tao , Zhu Xiaoyu , Han Jingzhi , Du Honglin , Wang Changsheng , Yang Jinbo 
Published: February 2023

Rare-earth transition-metal (R-T) intermetallic compounds are emerging as competitive candidates for novel microwave absorption materials (MAMs) since they show high magnetization and tunable easy magnetization directions (EMDs). In this work, Y2(Co1−xFex)17 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) compounds with the Th2Ni17 hexagonal structure were prepared with the purpose of tuning the EMDs. As x increases, the EMDs of the Y2(Co1−xFex)17 compounds change from the ab-plane (0 ≤ x &lt; 0.0329) to the cone (0.0329 ≤ x ≤ 0.038) and then to the c-axis direction (0.038 &lt; x ≤ 0.3). Furthermore, it was found that the extremely high cutoff frequencies of the uniaxial anisotropy materials give them considerably potential for microwave absorption applications above 10 GHz, despite their relatively low initial permeability compared to the planar anisotropic materials. By studying the high-frequency properties of Y2(Co1−xFex)17/paraffin composites, it is noted that uniaxial anisotropy compounds with x = 0.1 and x = 0.3 can possess higher permeability above 10 GHz as compared to both planar anisotropy and conical anisotropy compounds (x &lt; 0.1) due to their high cutoff frequencies arising from large magnetocrystalline anisotropy fields. This can improve the impedance matching and thus lead to a better microwave absorption performance in the range of 10 to 40 GHz for materials with uniaxial anisotropy. Among all the compositions, the Y2(Co0.9Fe0.1)17/paraffin composite exhibits a minimum reflection loss (RL) of −50 dB at 6 GHz with a thickness of 2.5 mm and a wide qualified bandwidth (QB, RL &lt; −10 dB) of 9.6 GHz at a center frequency of 30.3 GHz with a thickness of 0.6 mm, thus making it a promising candidate for MAMs above 10 GHz.
Tide-excluded banked wetlands on the marine plains of northeastern Australia provide important habitat for migratory shorebirds, other threatened bird species and the Capricorn Yellow Chat
Authors: Houston Wayne A. , Jaensch Roger , Elder Rod J. , Black Robert L. , Briggs Allan , Shearer Damon 
Published: February 2023

Context Banked systems that modify natural wetlands to enhance reliability of grass production for cattle are common along coastal Central Queensland. These are mostly positioned in the supratidal zone of extensive marine plains, leaving mangroves and saltmarsh with regular tidal influence intact. Perceived negative impacts on fisheries and carbon sequestration are frequently cited as reasons to remove banks and restore tidal influence, yet there is no specific evidence relating to the banked wetlands in this region. All ecosystem services provided by these systems need to be considered before decisions are made. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the biodiversity values of marine plains with tide-exclusion banks. Methods Five banked sites (39 000 ha) were compared to a single unbanked site of similar vegetation and tidal position with multiple counts of waterbirds (13–48/site) over several years. Key results Banked sites collectively supported six threatened and 22 migratory species, including 17 migratory shorebirds, some with counts of international importance. All sites matched criteria used to define Ramsar wetlands. Banked sites had more waterbird species and a similar species richness of migratory shorebirds to the unbanked site. Conclusions Given these wetlands support substantial numbers of migratory shorebirds and endangered species such as Capricorn Yellow Chat, as well as their importance to food production and improving water quality reaching reef ecosystems, any proposed ‘restoration’ of these areas to the previous tide-influenced state should be subject to impact assessment. Implications Our study demonstrates that existing tide-excluded banked wetlands are beneficial for biodiversity and economic production, soundly justifying their retention.
Low‐intensity swimming with blood flow restriction over 5 weeks increases VO2peak: A randomized controlled trial using Bayesian informative prior distribution
Authors: Held Steffen , Rappelt Ludwig , Deutsch Jan‐Philip , Rein Robert , Wiedenmann Tim , Schiffer Anton , Bieder Andreas , Staub Ilka , Donath Lars 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTPeak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and speed at first (LT1, minimal lactate equivalent) and second lactate threshold (LT2 = LT1 +1.5 mmol·L−1) are crucial swimming performance surrogates. The present randomized controlled study investigated the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) during low‐intensity swimming (LiT) on VO2peak, LT1, and LT2. Eighteen male swimmers (22.7 ±3.0 yrs; 69.9 ±8.5 kg; 1.8 ±0.1 m) were either assigned to the BFR or control (noBFR) group. While BFR was applied during LiT, noBFR completed the identical LIT without BFR application. BFR of the upper limb was applied via customized pneumatic cuffs (75% of occlusion pressure: 135 ±10 mmHg; 8 cm cuff width). BFR training took place three times a week over 5 weeks (accumulated weekly net BFR training: 60 min·week−1; occlusion per session: 2‐times 10 min·session−1) and was used exclusively at low intensities. VO2peak, LT1, and LT2 diagnostics were employed. Bayesian credible intervals revealed notable VO2peak improvements by +0.29 L·min−1 kg−1 (95% credible interval: −0.26 to +0.85 L·min−1 kg−1) when comparing BFR vs. noBFR. Speed at LT1 −0.01 m·s−1 (−0.04 to +0.02 m·s−1) and LT2 −0.01 m·s−1 (−0.03 to +0.02 m·s−1) did not change meaningfully when BFR was employed. Fifteen sessions of LIT swimming (macrocycle of 5 h over 5 weeks) with a weekly volume of 60 min with BFR application adds additional impact on VO2peak improvement compared to noBFR LIT swimming. Occasional BFR applications should be considered as a promising means to improve relevant performance surrogates in trained swimmers.
Real-time buildup dynamics of additive dissipative soliton in mode-locked fiber lasers
Authors: Zhang Y S , Peng X Q , Zhang B , Zhang H , Chen D R , Cui Y D 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multi-soliton operation is a universal phenomenon in mode-locked lasers, which is generally considered to be generated from pulse splitting or pulse shaping of dispersive waves. Here, we experimentally unveiled the formation dynamics of additive dissipative soliton (ADS) in mode-locked fiber lasers by means of the time stretched technique. Two distinct evolution ways can be observed during the ADS formation process. One way is pulse splitting which corresponds to the soliton molecules with relatively close separation, while the other one is generated from background noise which corresponds to multi-solitons with loose separation. Due to the environmental perturbation, the former process undergoes transient quasi-periodic dissipative soliton explosion before the soliton molecules are stable and the latter way may suffer transient standstill before the formation of additive soliton. These findings could provide some assistance for further enhancing the comprehension of the buildup of multiple soliton and soliton molecules in dissipative systems.
An Operating Cost Calculation Method for Integrated Energy Systems Considering Components Failures
Authors: Zhu Lewei , Wang Yifei , Liu Zeyu , Hou Kai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As the energy problem becomes more and more serious, the integrated energy system (IES) becomes a hot research direction in the energy field. Existing studies have not considered the impact of component failures on the operating costs of IES. Therefore, people tend to underestimate operating costs, and accidents such as interruptions in energy supply may occur because of an over-optimism operation strategy. This paper proposes an operating cost calculation method to evaluate the normal and failure states of IES. Moreover, the impact of component failures on the IES is determined based on the incremental operating cost and failure rate. The results verify that the operating cost considering component failure significantly increases compared to the normal calculation method.
Improved performance of Cd-free CZTS thin-film solar cells by using CZTS0.4Se0.6 BSF layer
Authors: Zhang Wenchao , You Chengwu , Dan Zhiying , Wang Weizhe , Dong Ruibing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film solar cells (TFSCs) have received great attention from the solar cell industry for their environment, price, high absorption coefficient and great electronic properties. This work provides a strategy to prompt the photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) of CdS/CZTS-based TFSCs via introducing the back surface field (BSF) layer and wxAMPS to simulate the results. Meanwhile, the optimum ratio of sulfur to selenium in the BSF layer material CZTSSe has been also studied, and a new device structure has been constructed. Beneficial from the introduction of CZTSSe as a BSF layer, the interface recombination is suppressed and leads to an enhanced Voc. Subsequently, MoO3, ZnS, WO3, TiO2 and In2S3 as candidates to substitute for the toxic Cd buffer layer are investigated. The results demonstrate that In2S3/CZTSSe exhibits the best performance with 28.59 % and 0.99 V, ascribed to a superior spike-like value. It was found that the presence of a spike-like conduction band (CB) at the In2S3/CZTSSe interface and a more suitable conduction band offset (CBO) value could suppress the interfacial complexation. Therefore, In2S3 performs best as a buffer layer material. However, due to the cost of indium, this paper recommends the utilization of wide bandgap semiconductor materials MoO3 and ZnS, which also have good stability and conversion efficiencies that can reach 28.38% and 28.41%, respectively. The work of this paper provides important guidance for researchers to manufacture CZTS TFSCs.
With a Long Connecting Pipe Surge Hydraulic Characteristics Research
Authors: Yang Shaojia , Li Yu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Downstream Surge Chamber of a pumped storage power station adopts impedance with an upper chamber layout. The tailrace tunnel is connected with the connecting pipe through a right-angle bifurcated pipe and bend. The layout type is special and the water flow conditions are complex. To study its hydraulic characteristics, a three-dimensional flow field mathematical model of the connecting pipe at the bottom of the surge chamber is established, and the variation law of hydraulic characteristics under different diversion ratios and confluence ratios is studied. The results show that for the resistance loss of the surge chamber with the complex bottom flow, the three-dimensional numerical simulation can achieve a better simulation effect, and the calculation results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis results. Because the elbow is at the bottom of the surge chamber, the sudden expansion and contraction between the connecting pipe and the big well will cause additional hydraulic losses, its head loss coefficient is greater than that of the conventional impedance surge chamber, and the flow coefficient is smaller than that of the separate impedance hole.
Flexibility dispatching strategy for power grid based on partition method of renewables penetration rate
Authors: Pan MinQi , Song XuDong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the proliferation of the penetration rate of renewable energy sources (RESs), more flexibility should be released to cope with the demand caused by the uncertainty of RESs output. Thus, it is paramount to divide different stages of the RESs penetration rate from the perspective of dispatching to represent the flexibility supply-demand relationship. Based on these considerations, this paper presents a novel approach to divide the level of RESs grid-connected with the aim to counteract the volatility and alleviate its effect of it. Herein, we define two specific stages with heterogeneous dispatching strategy, the first stage aiming at minimizing RESs power limit while the second stage takes the secure operation of the power grid as the optimal target by adjusting the optimization objectives of intraday rolling and real-time dispatching plan. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the partition method.
Study on the Influence of Coil Placement on Pulsed Eddy Current Testing
Authors: Han Yang , Ding Qing-yue , Xu Xing-xing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The pipeline system of plant is installed with an insulation layer on the outer wall of the pipeline. Currently, the primary methods of detecting pipeline system is ultrasound and uradiographic testing, which require the removal of the outside layer before testing. As a result, detecting time extends, and labor costs increase, increase the risk of accidental exposure. Applying the PEC technique for steam pipelines can eliminate the disassembly of insulation and achieve non-stop online screening. The defects testing by coil placement is an essential indicator of the PEC technique, which is the main influence factor of PEC accuracy. The article intensifies the modeling and simulation of the pipelines by applying Ansys Maxwell and designs coaxial and vertical detection coils to simulate the detection capability of PEC on flat bottom defects in case of consistency in the lift-off distance, materials, and other conditions. It selects nuclear power plant sample pipes for coaxial and vertical PEC testing. Recording the test result of PEC and UT methods, and the effects of two coil placement methods on PECT are compared. Finally, the study proposes development trends.
Enhancing the electrochemical performance of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material by Li+/F− co-doping
Authors: Wei Aijia , Mu Jinping , He Rui , Zhang Lihui , Liu Zhenfa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A solid-state ball-milling method was used to prepare the Li+/F− co-doped LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 materials. XRD characterizations reveal that the Li+/F− co-doping decreases the LixNi1-xO impurities contents and enhances the structural stability. It can be seen from SEM analysis that the crystal morphology of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 material changes into a phase octahedron morphology because of Li+/F− co-doping. The electrochemical performance tests results show Li1.03Ni0.5Mn1.5O3.97F0.03 material possesses a higher rate capability. Specifically, the discharge capacity of Li1.03Ni0.5Mn1.5O3.97F0.03 material at 2, 3, 5, and 7 C-rate was 127.3, 120.4, 103.3 and 79.0 mAh·g−1, respectively, while that of the Pure LNMO yields only 117.7, 109.8, 88.3 and 54.2 mAh·g−1.
Influence of Different Ship Harmonic Vibration Directions on Dynamic Response of PEMFC
Authors: Chen Zetao , Liu Qunfang , Nie Yuming , Zhu Dandan , Wen Xiaofei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
For the sake of study the applicability of PEMFC on ships, a three-dimensional single channel fuel cell model was established. The vibration load was loaded on the model through dynamic grid technology and user-defined function (UDF) method. The output voltage and reactive gas distribution of PEMFC loaded in different vibration directions were compared and analyzed. The results show that ship vibration will affect the transmission of components in the battery, resulting in incomplete electrochemical reaction and degradation of PEMFC performance. The influence of vertical vibration is greater than that of longitudinal vibration and lateral vibration.
Design of On-line Monitoring System for Photovoltaic Power Generation Power Quality Based on Stm32
Authors: Nie Yin , Huang Yong , Luo Wenxiang , Zhou Wenhao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Monitoring the quality of photovoltaic power generation in remote mountain areas is difficult, so this paper proposes a real-time online monitoring system to solve the problem by using AD7606 high-precision ADC chip and STM32 single-chip microcomputer. AD7606 realizes real-time acquisition and conversion of three-phase power data. STM32 performs wavelet transformation on the collected data to obtain power quality parameters. It stores the power quality parameters in the SD card and then uploads the power quality parameters to the host computer through Lora to display each power quality parameter in real time. Experiments show that the system can reliably realize on-line real-time monitoring of the power quality of photovoltaic power generation.
Integrated Energy System Evaluation Method Based on Minimum Cross-Entropy and Prospect Theory
Authors: Wang Yongli , Yuan Bo , Teng Yue , Wang Yinuo , Liu Hang , Wen Ming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An integrated energy system can improve the reliability and flexibility of the energy supply, and has good economic and environmental benefits. Integrated energy system evaluation is of great significance to the implementation of an integrated energy system project. The integrated energy system evaluation method is presented based on the minimum cross-entropy model and the prospect theory. Firstly, the minimum cross-entropy model is used to obtain the comprehensive column vector of each evaluation index. Secondly, the index weight is determined according to the different weight methods. Finally, through the establishment of positive and negative prospect value matrices, according to the comprehensive prospect value, the advantages and disadvantages of integrated energy system schemes are sorted. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by hotel-integrated energy system data.