bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative cost analysis of implanting devices in different cardiac resynchronization therapeutic strategies
Authors: Chen Mengna , Shi Jing , Zhang Yimin , Ge Xiaozhen , Zhang Xu , Fan Wenbin , Wang Shuo , Guo Zhiqin , Guan Jian , Wu Yongquan , Zhang Junmeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment option for heart failure patients. However, the implementation of triple‐chamber pacemakers can be cost‐prohibitive. His‐Purkinje system pacing (HPSP) can also enable cardiac resynchronization, and it can be achieved with relatively inexpensive conventional pacemakers.HypothesisThis article aims to comparatively evaluate the cost of implanting devices in different CRT strategies to provide meaningful guidance for clinical decision‐making by electrophysiologists.MethodsData was collected on the prices, designed life, and price/designed life of multiple mainstream models of CRT‐P, CRT‐D, dual‐chamber pacemakers, and single‐chamber pacemakers that were sold in the Chinese market in 2022. The prices, designed lives, and price/designed life of different pacemaker models were then compared.ResultsThe costs of CRT‐P and CRT‐D (13008.44 ± 2752.30 USD and 22043.36 ± 3676.25 USD) were significantly higher than those of conventional pacemakers (dual‐chamber: 11142.39 ± 4273.85 USD and single‐chamber: 5634.28 ± 2032.80 USD) (p < .05). Additionally, the price/designed life of conventional pacemakers (dual‐chamber: 839.63 ± 258.62 US dollar/year and single‐chamber: 435.86 ± 125.44 US dollar/year) was significantly better than that of CRT‐P and CRT‐D (1386.91 ± 266.73 and 2585.53 ± 520.27 US dollar/year, respectively) (p < .05).ConclusionConduction system pacing (CSP)‐based CRT is more cost‐effective than BVP‐based CRT. Furthermore, CSP‐based CRT can achieve cardiac resynchronization with conventional pacemakers and may be a good option for HF patients who do not need defibrillation.
Dissociation of N2 on a Si(111)‐7x7 Surface at Room Temperature
Authors: Geagea Elie , Hamadeh Ali , Jeannoutot Judicaël , Palmino Frank , Breault Nicolas , Rochefort Alain , Hajjar‐Garreau Samar , Pirri Carmelo , Thomas Christophe M. , Chérioux Frédéric 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Nanosciences group of FEMTO‐ST (Université de Franche‐Comté / CNRS). The image shows the dissociation of N2 molecules on the surface due to an electron transfer from the Si(111)‐7x7 surface to the the π*‐antibonding orbitals of N2. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202300182.
Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of METTL3 alleviates renal fibrosis by reducing EVL m6A modification through an IGF2BP2‐dependent mechanism
Authors: Ni Wei‐Jian , Zhou Hong , Lu Hao , Ma Nan‐Nan , Hou Bing‐Bing , Li Wei , Kong Fan‐Xu , Yu Ju‐Tao , Hou Rui , Jin Juan , Wen Jia‐Gen , Zhang Tao , Meng Xiao‐Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is of great importance in renal physiology and disease progression, but its function and mechanism in renal fibrosis remain to be comprehensively and extensively explored. Hence, this study will explore the function and potential mechanism of critical regulator‐mediated m6A modification during renal fibrosis and thereby explore promising anti‐renal fibrosis agents.MethodsRenal tissues from humans and mice as well as HK‐2 cells were used as research subjects. The profiles of m6A modification and regulators in renal fibrosis were analysed at the protein and RNA levels using Western blotting, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and other methods. Methylation RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing coupled with methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) conditional knockout were used to explore the function of METTL3 and potential targets. Gene silencing and overexpression combined with RNA immunoprecipitation were performed to investigate the underlying mechanism by which METTL3 regulates the Ena/VASP‐like (EVL) m6A modification that promotes renal fibrosis. Molecular docking and virtual screening with in vitro and in vivo experiments were applied to screen promising traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers and explore their mechanism of regulating the METTL3/EVL m6A axis and anti‐renal fibrosis.ResultsMETTL3 and m6A modifications were hyperactivated in both the tubular region of fibrotic kidneys and HK‐2 cells. Upregulated METTL3 enhanced the m6A modification of EVL mRNA to improve its stability and expression in an insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2)‐dependent manner. Highly expressed EVL binding to Smad7 abrogated the Smad7‐induced suppression of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β1)/Smad3 signal transduction, which conversely facilitated renal fibrosis progression. Molecular docking and virtual screening based on the structure of METTL3 identified a TCM monomer named isoforsythiaside, which inhibited METTL3 activity together with the METTL3/EVL m6A axis to exert anti‐renal fibrosis effects.ConclusionsCollectively, the overactivated METTL3/EVL m6A axis is a potential target for renal fibrosis therapy, and the pharmacological inhibition of METTL3 activity by isoforsythiaside suggests that it is a promising anti‐renal fibrosis agent.
A sequence of multiyear wet and dry periods provides opportunities for grass recovery and state change reversals
Authors: Peters Debra P. C. , Savoy Heather M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultiyear periods (≥4 years) of extreme rainfall are increasing in frequency as climate continues to change, yet there is little understanding of how rainfall amount and heterogeneity in biophysical properties affect state changes in a sequence of wet and dry periods. Our objective was to examine the importance of rainfall periods, their legacies, and vegetation and soil properties to either the persistence of woody plants or a shift toward perennial grass dominance and a state reversal. We examined a 28‐year record of rainfall consisting of a sequence of multiyear periods (average, dry, wet, dry, average) for four ecosystem types in the Jornada Basin. We analyzed relationships between above ground net primary production (ANPP) and rainfall for three plant functional groups that characterize alternative states (perennial grasses, other herbaceous plants, dominant shrubs). A multimodel comparison was used to determine the relative importance of rainfall, soil, and vegetation properties. For perennial grasses, the greatest mean ANPP in mesquite‐ and tarbush‐dominated shrublands occurred in the wet period and in the dry period following the wet period in grasslands. Legacy effects in grasslands were asymmetric, where the lowest production was found in a dry period following an average period, and the greatest production occurred in a dry period following a wet period. For other herbaceous plants, in contrast, the greatest ANPP occurred in the wet period. Mesquite was the only dominant shrub species with a significant positive response in the wet period. Rainfall amount was a poor predictor of ANPP for each functional group when data from all periods were combined. Initial herbaceous biomass at the plant scale, patch‐scale biomass, and soil texture at the landscape scale improved the predictive relationships of ANPP compared with rainfall alone. Under future climate, perennial grass production is expected to benefit the most from wet periods compared with other functional groups with continued high grass production in subsequent dry periods that can shift (desertified) shrublands toward grasslands. The continued dominance by shrubs will depend on the effects that rainfall has on perennial grasses and the sequence of high‐ and low‐rainfall periods rather than the direct effects of rainfall on shrub production.
Microvascular function and inflammatory activation in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Authors: Solberg Ole Geir , Aaberge Lars , Bosse Gerhard , Ueland Thor , Gullestad Lars , Aukrust Pål , Stavem Knut 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to determine microvascular function in the acute phase of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) and to identify inflammatory mediators that could reflect TTS‐induced pathology.Methods and resultsThe study included 20 females [median age 65 years; interquarile range (IQR) = 58–70 years] with TTS according to the Mayo diagnostic criteria. During heart catheterization, we determined the index of microvascular resistance (IMR) and drew blood samples almost simultaneously from the aorta and coronary sinus. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done in the acute phase. We present descriptive coronary physiology and cardiac MRI data and compare inflammatory biomarkers between samples from the aorta, coronary sinus, and venous samples after 3 months using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. For comparison, we also analysed the actual biomarkers in venous blood from 15 healthy female controls. A supplementary analysis explored Spearman's rank correlation between the inflammatory biomarkers, IMR, MRI data, and cardiac biomarkers. The median IMR was 16.5 mmHg·s (IQR = 10.5–28.2 mmHg·s), which was only slightly higher than that in the reference populations. Seven (35%) of the study subjects had IMR > 25 mmHg·s, suggesting a microvascular dysfunction. IMR was not affected by time from symptom onset. According to MRI, the apical region of the left ventricle was affected in 65% of the subjects. The median ejection fraction was 41% (IQR = 31–48%). Biomarker analyses revealed elevation of markers for extracellular matrix remodelling and fibrosis, inflammation, immune activation, and upstream inflammation as compared with healthy controls. Only the levels of interleukin (IL)‐1 receptor antagonist and soluble T‐cell immunoglobulin mucin domain‐3 (sTIM‐3) were higher in the coronary sinus than in the aorta. No variable was significantly correlated with IMR. The IL‐6 level in the aorta was inversely correlated with the left ventricular ejection fraction. Growth differentiation factor‐15, osteoprotegerin, and von Willebrand factor levels in both aorta and coronary sinus were positively correlated with N‐terminal‐pro‐brain‐natriuretic peptide, while the correlations of IL‐6 and sTIM‐3 with N‐terminal‐pro‐brain‐natriuretic peptide were restricted to the aorta and coronary sinus, respectively. While most of the markers were within normal limits after 3 months, matrix metalloproteinase‐9 increased during follow‐up to reach levels higher than those in the healthy controls.ConclusionThe median IMR was only slightly elevated in this study, but about one‐third of the patients had values indicating microvascular dysfunction. The present study supports the involvement of several inflammatory pathways in TTS, including monocyte/macrophage activation, with sTIM‐3 as a potential novel marker.
Oxidation of 3‐Oxo‐N‐Confused Porphyrin with PIFA: Inner and meso Functionalizations
Authors: Zhang Yihuan , Liu Haoran , He Huowang , Zou Bo , Zhai Zhaofen , Yu Taoxing , Osuka Atsuhiro , Jiang Hua‐Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConjugate addition of ethanol and subsequent oxidation with [bis (trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene (PIFA) allowed for the inner ethoxylation of 3‐oxo‐N‐confused tetraphenylporphyrin (ONCP). First oxidation of ONCP with PIFA followed by treatment with ethanol gave two more N‐confused phlorins derivatives 5 and 6.
Preterm‐birth alters the development of nodal clustering and neural connection pattern in brain structural network at term‐equivalent age
Authors: Zheng Weihao , Wang Xiaomin , Liu Tingting , Hu Bin , Wu Dan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPreterm‐born neonates are prone to impaired neurodevelopment that may be associated with disrupted whole‐brain structural connectivity. The present study aimed to investigate the longitudinal developmental pattern of the structural network from preterm birth to term‐equivalent age (TEA), and identify how prematurity influences the network topological organization and properties of local brain regions. Multi‐shell diffusion‐weighted MRI of 28 preterm‐born scanned a short time after birth (PB‐AB) and at TEA (PB‐TEA), and 28 matched term‐born (TB) neonates in the Developing Human Connectome Project (dHCP) were used to construct structural networks through constrained spherical deconvolution tractography. Structural network development from preterm birth to TEA showed reduced shortest path length, clustering coefficient, and modularity, and more “connector” hubs linking disparate communities. Furthermore, compared with TB newborns, premature birth significantly altered the nodal properties (i.e., clustering coefficient, within‐module degree, and participation coefficient) in the limbic/paralimbic, default‐mode, and subcortical systems but not global topology at TEA, and we were able to distinguish the PB from TB neonates at TEA based on the nodal properties with 96.43% accuracy. Our findings demonstrated a topological reorganization of the structural network occurs during the perinatal period that may prioritize the optimization of global network organization to form a more efficient architecture; and local topology was more vulnerable to premature birth‐related factors than global organization of the structural network, which may underlie the impaired cognition and behavior in PB infants.
Examining gender differences in gig worker safety
Authors: Cox Jolene A. , Read Gemma J. M. , Butler Grant L. , Salmon Paul M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA critical but often overlooked road safety concern is gender differences in road safety issues. The limited investigations have reported gender differences in road safety issues such as traffic accident rates and crash injuries. An emerging road safety issue is the safety of gig workers. Despite the exponential growth of the gig economy, little is known about road safety issues faced by gig workers, including gender‐specific road safety issues. The present study aimed to investigate whether there are gender differences in gig workers' involvement in road safety incidents and the likelihood of reporting incidents when gig working. Gig workers who provide, or have provided, ride‐hailing, courier, and food delivery services via digital platforms in Australia were invited to participate in an online survey on their involvement in road safety incidents and the likelihood that they would report road and personal safety incidents when gig working. Data from 71 gig workers (35 female gig workers; 36 male gig workers) were reported in the study. No gender differences were found in their involvement in road safety incidents and the likelihood of reporting road and personal safety incidents when gig working. Despite the lack of gender differences observed, findings from the study contributed to the research field and to closing the gender data gap. A research agenda is proposed for further data collection in gig work using a systems thinking approach to better our understanding of factors influencing the gendered participation in the gig workforce, and the health, safety, and wellbeing of gig workers.
Identification of women and girls with iron deficiency in the reproductive years
Authors: MacLean Beth , Sholzberg Michelle , Weyand Angela C. , Lim Jayne , Tang Grace , Richards Toby 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIron deficiency (ID) is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world. It is of concern for women and girls of reproductive age as, despite frequent normalization, excessive menstrual blood loss and the iron demands associated with pregnancy increase the risk of developing an ID. Iron deficiency reduces health‐related quality of life with symptoms of fatigue, heart palpitations, difficulty concentrating, and poor mental health. When left untreated, ID can escalate to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), where there is an insufficiency of red blood cells, or hemoglobin within these cells, to meet the bodily demands for oxygen transport. Substantial guidance on screening for ID can be found in specific at‐risk groups, including pregnant women and patients with renal, cardiac, and inflammatory bowel disease. However, it was unclear whether guidance is available for women of reproductive age. We performed a literature search to explore the current recommendations for screening women of reproductive age for ID. While four manuscripts supportive of screening were found, no official guidance appears to exist regarding screening for this group. In line with the World Health Organization's 10 Principles of Screening, we present a case for ID screening in women and girls of reproductive age.
Electrospun composite nanofibers of deoxyribonucleic acid and polylactic acid for skincare applications
Authors: Ullah Sana , Ali Hina Ghulam , Hashmi Motahira , Haider Md. Kaiser , Ishaq Tehmeena , Tamada Yasushi , Park Soyoung , Kim Ick Soo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development of useful biomaterials has resulted in significant advances in various fields of science and technology. The demand for new biomaterial designs and manufacturing techniques continues to grow, with the goal of building a sustainable society. In this study, two types of DNA‐cationic surfactant complexes were synthesized using commercially available deoxyribonucleic acid from herring sperm DNA (hsDNA, <50 bp) and deoxyribonucleic acid from salmon testes DNA (stDNA, ~2000 bp). The DNA‐surfactant complexes were blended with a polylactic acid (PLA) biopolymer and electrospun to obtain nanofibers, and then copper nanoparticles were synthesized on nanofibrous webs. Scanning electron microscopic images showed that all nanofibers possessed uniform morphology. Interestingly, different diameters were observed depending on the base pairs in the DNA complex. Transmission electron microscopy showed uniform growth of copper nanoparticles on the nanofibers. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy spectra confirmed the uniform blending of both types of DNA complexes in PLA. Both stDNA‐ and hsDNA‐derived nanofibers showed greater biocompatibility than native PLA nanofibers. Furthermore, they exerted significant antibacterial activity in the presence of copper nanoparticles. This study demonstrates that DNA is a potentially useful material to generate electrospun nanofibrous webs for use in biomedical sciences and technologies.
GSTT1 as a Predictive Marker and Enhancer for Osteogenic Potential of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells
Authors: Lee Eugene , Moon Jae-Yeon , Ko Ji-Yun , Park Seo-Young , Im Gun-Il 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) have been extensively studied as cell sources for regenerative medicine for bone because of their excellent proliferative capacity and the ability to obtain a large number of cells with minimal donor morbidity. On the other hand, the differentiation potential of ASCs is generally lower than that of bone marrow-derived stromal/stem cells and varies greatly depending on donors. In this study, we mined a marker that can predict the osteogenic potential of ASC clones and also investigated the usefulness of the molecule as the enhancer of osteogenic differentiation of ASCs as well as its mechanism of action. Through RNA-seq gene analysis, we discovered that GSTT1 (Glutathione S-transferase theta-1) was the most distinguished gene marker between highly osteogenic and poorly osteogenic ASC clones. Knockdown of GSTT1 in high osteogenic ASCs by siGSTT1 treatment reduced mineralized matrix formation. On the other hand, GSTT1 overexpression by GSTT1 transfection or GSTT1 recombinant protein treatment enhanced osteogenic differentiation of low osteogenic ASCs. Metabolomic analysis confirmed significant changes of metabolites related to bone differentiation in ASCs transfected with GSTT1. A high total antioxidant capacity, low levels of cellular reactive oxygen species, and increased GSH/GSSG ratios were also detected in GSTT1-transfected ASCs. When the in vivo effect of GSTT1-transfected ASCs on bone regeneration was investigated with segmental long-bone defect model in rats, bone regeneration was significantly better after implantation of GSTT1-transfected ASCs compared with that of control vector-transfected ASCs. In conclusion, GSTT1 can be a useful marker to screen the highly osteogenic ASC clones and also a therapeutic factor to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of poorly osteogenic ASC clones. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Genomic analysis of SARS‐CoV‐2 in forensic autopsy cases of COVID‐19
Authors: Hirata Yuichiro , Katano Harutaka , Iida Shun , Mine Sohtaro , Nagasawa Sayaka , Makino Yohsuke , Motomura Ayumi , Ozono Seiya , Sato Yuko , Sekizuka Tsuyoshi , Kuroda Makoto , Yamaguchi Rutsuko , Inokuchi Go , Torimitsu Suguru , Akitomi Shinji , Yajima Daisuke , Saitoh Hisako , Suzuki Tadaki , Iwase Hirotaro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNumerous genomic analyses of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) have been conducted, highlighting its variations and lineage transitions. Despite the importance of forensic autopsy in investigating deaths due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), including out‐of‐hospital deaths, viral genomic analysis has rarely been reported due in part to postmortem changes. In this study, various specimens were collected from 18 forensic autopsy cases with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed the distribution of the virus in the body, primarily in the respiratory organs. Next‐generation sequencing determined the complete genome sequences in 15 of the 18 cases, although some cases showed severe postmortem changes or degradation of tissue RNA. Intrahost genomic diversity of the virus was identified in one case of death due to COVID‐19. The accumulation of single‐nucleotide variations in the lung of the case suggested the intrahost evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2. Lung of the case showed diffuse alveolar damage histologically and positivity for SARS‐CoV‐2 by immunohistochemical analysis and in situ hybridization, indicating virus‐associated pneumonia. This study provides insights into the feasibility of genomic analysis of SARS‐CoV‐2 in forensic autopsy cases and the potential for uncovering important information in COVID‐19 deaths, including out‐of‐hospital deaths.
NLRC4 promotes the cGAS‐STING signaling pathway by facilitating CBL‐mediated K63‐linked polyubiquitination of TBK1
Authors: Zhang Rongzhao , Yang Wenxian , Zhu Huifang , Zhai Jingbo , Xue Mengzhou , Zheng Chunfu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTANK‐binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is crucial in producing type Ⅰ interferons (IFN‐Ⅰ) that play critical functions in antiviral innate immunity. The tight regulation of TBK1, especially its activation, is very important. Here we identify NLRC4 as a positive regulator of TBK1. Ectopic expression of NLRC4 facilitates the activation of the IFN‐β promoter, the mRNA levels of IFN‐β, ISG54, and ISG56, and the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 induced by cGAS and STING. Consistently, under herpes simplex virus‐1 (HSV‐1) infection, knockdown or knockout of NLRC4 in BJ cells and primary peritoneal macrophages from Nlrc4‐deficient (Nlrc4−/−) mice show attenuated Ifn‐β, Isg54, and Isg56 mRNA transcription, TBK1 phosphorylation, and augmented viral replications. Moreover, Nlrc4−/− mice show higher mortality upon HSV‐1 infection. Mechanistically, NLRC4 facilitates the interaction between TBK1 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBL to enhance the K63‐linked polyubiquitination of TBK1. Our study elucidates a previously uncharacterized function for NLRC4 in upregulating the cGAS‐STING signaling pathway and antiviral innate immunity.