bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pressure-induced high-pressure metallic GeTe phase
Authors: Zhao Lamei , Zhang Xinran , Wan Biao , Zhang Zhuangfei , Shen Weixia , Zhang Yuewen , Fang Chao , Chen Liangchao , Wang Qianqian , He Julong , Jia Xiaopeng 
Published: March 2023

As an important phase-change material, GeTe has many high-pressure phases as well, but its phase transitions under pressure are still lack of clarity. It is challenging to identify high-pressure GeTe crystal structures owing to the phase coexistence in a wide pressure range and the reversibility of phase transitions. Hence, first-principles calculations are required to provide further information in addition to limited experimental characterizations. In this work, a new orthorhombic Cmca GeTe high-pressure phase has been predicted via the CALYPSO method as the most energetically favorable phase in the pressure range between ∼30 and ∼38.5 GPa, which would update the GeTe high-pressure phase transition sequence. The crystal structure of the Cmca phase is composed of alternate stacking puckered layers of Ge six-membered rings and Te four-membered rings along the b direction. The high density of states near the Fermi level and delocalization of electrons from the two-dimensional electron localization function indicate a strong metallic property of the Cmca phase. Electron–phonon coupling calculations indicate that the Cmca phase is superconductive below ∼4.2 K at 35 GPa. The simulated x-ray diffraction pattern of the Cmca phase implies that this phase might coexist with the Pnma-boat phase under high pressure. These results offer further understanding on the high-pressure structural evolution and physical properties in GeTe and other IV–VI semiconductors.
A high-resolution and high-efficiency x-ray spectrometer based on a multi-cone crystal
Authors: Shang W L , Wei M X , Yang G H , Sun A , Zhang Z Y , Du H B , Wang F , Yang J M , Li M , Shi J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A curved x-ray spectrometer based on a multi-cone crystal has been developed and demonstrated to improve the spectra resolution and intensity efficiency measurements by our experiments and simulations. Here 6000 conical rings with a single-ring of 10 μm to free the stress on the lattice planes was successfully realized in the multi-cone crystal, which provides a much larger solid collection angle and higher resolution than the usually-used planer crystal in the general x-ray spectrometer. Thus, the experimental results show that its spectrum resolution can reach ∼3.5 eV (full-width half maximum) with the corresponding

E

/

Δ
E

of 1420 (∼4976 eV). The intensity at the focus spot can be 110 times higher compared to that measured by a planer crystal spectrometer. Meanwhile, these results have also been confirmed by our numerical studies with our new developed x-ray arbitrary-surface-crystal diffraction software, X-chase. Attentional development on the x-ray spectrometer is of specific importance in the high energy density physics, inertial confinement fusion, and Astrophysics experiments.
A didactic approach to quantum machine learning with a single qubit
Authors: Peña Tapia Elena , Scarpa Giannicola , Pozas-Kerstjens Alejandro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper presents, via an explicit example with a real-world dataset, a hands-on introduction to the field of quantum machine learning (QML). We focus on the case of learning with a single qubit, using data re-uploading techniques. After a discussion of the relevant background in quantum computing and machine learning we provide a thorough explanation of the data re-uploading models that we consider, and implement the different proposed formulations in toy and real-world datasets using the qiskit quantum computing SDK. We find that, as in the case of classical neural networks, the number of layers is a determining factor in the final accuracy of the models. Moreover, and interestingly, the results show that single-qubit classifiers can achieve a performance that is on-par with classical counterparts under the same set of training conditions. While this cannot be understood as a proof of the advantage of quantum machine learning, it points to a promising research direction, and raises a series of questions that we outline.
Exploring structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of CeO2-X (X = Pt/Ni) doped and Pt-Ni co-doped CeO2 for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Junaid Iqbal Khan M , Batool Hafiza Saima , Liu Juan , Akhtar Perveen , Latif Abid , Ahmad Javed , Taj Imran , Khalid Sana , Gull Urva , Waseem Akhtar M , Tehreem Hadeeqa , Ullah Hamid , Usmani Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Employing DFT technique, we perform Pt/Ni doping and Pt-Ni co-doping into CeO2. We study the structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of CeO2 with selected dopants using Wien2k code. Spin-polarized DOS illustrate non-magnetic character of pure CeO2 while Pt/Ni/Pt-Ni doping yields magnetism into CeO2 with magnetic moment values of 2.2502 μ
B, 2.5683 μ
B, and 3.9190 μ
B, respectively. Active participation of Ce 4f-, Pt 4d- and Ni 3d-states at the Fermi level suggests remarkable improvement in the conduction process. p-d hybridization is observed and it produces good response in electronic properties. Pt:CeO2 and Pt-Ni:CeO2 exhibit blueshift while Ni:CeO2 exhibit redshift in absorption spectrum. We notice an enhancement in optical absorption and conductivity with decreased reflectivity of these proposed materials in the UV region. Tuning of absorption spectra and decrease in band gap of these materials indicate their uses for photocatalytic, photonic, optoelectronics and power electronic devices.
Collective response to local perturbations: how to evade threats without losing coherence
Authors: Loffredo Emanuele , Venturelli Davide , Giardina Irene 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Living groups move in complex environments and are constantly subject to external stimuli, predatory attacks and disturbances. An efficient response to such perturbations is vital to maintain the group’s coherence and cohesion. Perturbations are often local, i.e. they are initially perceived only by few individuals in the group, but can elicit a global response. This is the case of starling flocks, that can turn very quickly to evade predators. In this paper, we investigate the conditions under which a global change of direction can occur upon local perturbations. Using minimal models of self-propelled particles, we show that a collective directional response occurs on timescales that grow with the system size and it is, therefore, a finite-size effect. The larger the group is, the longer it will take to turn. We also show that global coherent turns can only take place if i) the mechanism for information propagation is efficient enough to transmit the local reaction undamped through the whole group; and if ii) motility is not too strong, to avoid that the perturbed individual leaves the group before the turn is complete. No compliance with such conditions results in the group’s fragmentation or in a non-efficient response.
A versatile cryogenic system for liquid argon detectors
Authors: Grauso G. , Basco A. , Canci N. , de Asmundis R. , Di Capua F. , Matteucci G. , Suvorov Y. , Fiorillo G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Detectors for direct dark matter search using noble gases in the liquid phase as a detection medium need to be coupled to liquefaction, purification and recirculation systems. A dedicated cryogenic system has been assembled and operated at the INFN-Naples cryogenic laboratory with the aim to liquefy and purify the argon used as an active target in liquid argon detectors to study the scintillation and ionization signals detected by large SiPM arrays. The cryogenic system is mainly composed of a double wall cryostat hosting the detector, a purification stage to reduce the impurities below one part per billion level, a condenser to liquefy the argon, and a recirculation gas panel connected to the cryostat equipped with a custom gas pump. The main features of the cryogenic system are reported as well as the performance, long term operation and stability in terms of the most relevant thermodynamic parameters.
Characterisation of ion temperature and toroidal rotation on the ST40 tokamak
Authors: Wood J. , Lomanowski B. , Delabie E. , Willett H.V. , Sertoli M. , Varje J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
ST40 is a high field low-aspect ratio spherical tokamak built and operated by Tokamak Energy Ltd. Recent plasma operations were aimed at exploring operational scenarios to maximise the central plasma temperature and have culminated in the achievement of thermal ion temperatures of over 9 keV. This paper presents ion temperature and toroidal rotation measurements performed on ST40 during the 2021–22 campaign for a range of different scenarios. Several independent diagnostic systems are used, analysing their correlation and interpreting their differences using new diagnostic forward models.
Test of the Optosystem for the ATLAS ITk data transmission chain
Authors: Santo D.D. , O’Neill A. , Franconi L. , Mateu I. , Müller R. , Halser L. , Juillerat S. , Weber M. , Munoz Sanchez F. , Rizatdinova F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
After Run III the ATLAS detector will undergo a series of upgrades to cope with the harsher radiation environment and increased number of proton interactions in the High Luminosity LHC. One of the key projects in this suite of upgrades is the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk). The pixel detector of the ITk must be read out accurately and with extremely high rate. The Optosystem performs electrical-to-optical conversion of signals from the pixel modules. We present a general overview on the design of the Optosystem and recent results related to the performance of the data transmission chain, pivoted on the Optoboards, and to the radiation hardness of the ASICs housed on it.
Description and stability of a RPC-based calorimeter in electromagnetic and hadronic shower environments
Authors: Apostolakis J. , Folger G. , Ribon A. , Sicking E. , Boumediene D. , Francais V. , Goto K. , Kawagoe K. , Kuhara M. , Suehara T. , Yoshioka T. , Pingault A. , Tytgat M. , Garillot G. , Grenier G. , Kurca T. , Laktineh I. , Liu B. , Li B. , Mirabito L. , Steen A. , Été R. , Krüger K. , Sefkow F. , Corriveau F. , Emberger L. , Graf C. , Simon F. , Pöschl R. , Kim D.W. , Park S.W. , Calvo Alamillo E. , Carrillo C. , Fouz M.C. , Garcia Cabrera H. , Marin J. , Navarrete J. , Puerta Pelayo J. , Verdugo A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadron Calorimeter technological
prototype completed in 2011 is a sampling calorimeter using Glass
Resistive Plate Chamber (GRPC) detectors as the active medium. This
technology is one of the two options proposed for the hadron
calorimeter of the International Large Detector for the
International Linear Collider. The prototype was exposed in 2015 to
beams of muons, electrons, and pions of different energies at the
CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. The use of this technology for
future experiments requires a reliable simulation of its response
that can predict its performance. GEANT4 combined with a
digitization algorithm was used to simulate the prototype. It
describes the full path of the signal: showering, gas avalanches,
charge induction, and hit triggering. The simulation was tuned using
muon tracks and electromagnetic showers for accounting for detector
inhomogeneity and tested on hadronic showers collected in the test
beam. This publication describes developments of the digitization
algorithm. It is used to predict the stability of the detector
performance against various changes in the data-taking conditions,
including temperature, pressure, magnetic field, GRPC width
variations, and gas mixture variations. These predictions are
confronted with test beam data and provide an attempt to explain the
detector properties. The data-taking conditions such as temperature
and potential detector inhomogeneities affect energy density
measurements but have small impact on detector efficiency.
Recent warming and its risk assessment on ecological and societal implications in Nepal
Authors: Dhital Yam Prasad , Jia Shaofeng , Tang Jianwu , Liu Xingcai , Zhang Xuejun , Pant Ramesh Raj , Dawadi Binod 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A predominantly mountainous country Nepal has a complex climatic pattern that varies from tropical in the south (Terai region) to arctic in the north (Himalayas). The gradual rise in temperature in the mountainous region has attracted great interest among the scientific community in general over recent years. However, recent warming in Nepal’s east-west and south-north temperature gradients and its implications for ecology and society based on facts and figures are still lacking. In this context, temperature data (1970–2016) of 76 meteorological stations from the Terai region to the Mountains were used in this study to analyze the annual and seasonal warming trends in the different physiographic regions of Nepal. We performed a hybrid analytical approach i.e. integrated statistical and theoretical tools to detect the warming trend and its ecological and societal implications across the country. The Eastern part of the country was found to be more warming than the Central and Western parts, showing an increased climatic sensitivity across the Khumbu (Mt. Everest region). The increasing trends of temperature have been found in all physiographic regions along an altitude gradient, i.e. Terai, Siwaliks, Lower Hills, and Upper Hills observed 0.15, 0.26, 0.68, and 0.57 °C per decade, respectively. Higher warming trend in Lower Hills than the Upper Hills showed that higher elevations experienced lesser degrees of warming trends than the lower elevations in the mountainous regions. Further, a higher warming trend was observed in the winter season than the other seasons in all regions except for Terai. Based on the warming trends in different physiographic regions, we also found a similar pattern of ecological impacts, where a higher warming region also experienced higher ecological impacts such as changes in water resources, phenology, etc. Lower Hills, Upper Hills, and Mountains experienced higher adverse impacts than the Terai and Siwaliks in the current global warming scenarios.
Extending MoS2-based materials into the catalysis of non-acidic hydrogen evolution: challenges, progress, and perspectives
Authors: Fei Hao , Liu Ruoqi , Zhang Yunze , Wang Hongsheng , Wang Miao , Wang Siyuan , Ni Meng , Wu Zhuangzhi , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Water splitting is regarded as among the most prospective methods of generating green hydrogen. Switching electrolytes of water electrolysis from acidic to non-acidic ones will enable the use of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts and mitigate material corrosion, thus lowering the capital cost of water electrolyzers and improving their operational stability. However, increasing electrolyte pH will degrade the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity because of the reduced concentration of H3O+ as reactants, making non-acidic HER sluggish. To accelerate HER, MoS2-based materials with the advantages of unique atomistic structure, low cost, and high abundance have been considered prospective electrocatalysts to substitute for Pt in acid. Great efforts are being spent on extending MoS2-based materials into the catalysis of non-acidic HER, and their further development requires clarification of the existing challenges and current progress. However, it has not yet been discussed for non-acidic HER on MoS2-based electrocatalysts. To mitigate the disparity, we systematically overview MoS2-based electrocatalysts for non-acidic HER, covering catalytic mechanisms, modulation strategies, materials development, current challenges, research progress, and perspectives. This review will contribute to the rational design of MoS2-based materials for high-performance HER in non-acidic conditions.
DeepOM: single-molecule optical genome mapping via deep learning
Authors: Nogin Yevgeni , Detinis Zur Tahir , Margalit Sapir , Barzilai Ilana , Alalouf Onit , Ebenstein Yuval , Shechtman Yoav 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Efficient tapping into genomic information from a single microscopic image of an intact DNA molecule is an outstanding challenge and its solution will open new frontiers in molecular diagnostics. Here, a new computational method for optical genome mapping utilizing deep learning is presented, termed DeepOM. Utilization of a convolutional neural network, trained on simulated images of labeled DNA molecules, improves the success rate in the alignment of DNA images to genomic references.

Results
The method is evaluated on acquired images of human DNA molecules stretched in nano-channels. The accuracy of the method is benchmarked against state-of-the-art commercial software Bionano Solve. The results show a significant advantage in alignment success rate for molecules shorter than 50 kb. DeepOM improves the yield, sensitivity, and throughput of optical genome mapping experiments in applications of human genomics and microbiology.

Availability and implementation
The source code for the presented method is publicly available at https://github.com/yevgenin/DeepOM.
Using in silico perturbational approach to identify critical areas in schizophrenia
Authors: Mana Ludovica , Vila-Vidal Manel , Köckeritz Charlotte , Aquino Kevin , Fornito Alex , Kringelbach Morten L , Deco Gustavo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder whose underlying correlates remain unclear despite decades of neuroimaging investigation. One contentious topic concerns the role of global signal (GS) fluctuations and how they affect more focal functional changes. Moreover, it has been difficult to pinpoint causal mechanisms of circuit disruption. Here, we analyzed resting-state fMRI data from 47 schizophrenia patients and 118 age-matched healthy controls and used dynamical analyses to investigate how global fluctuations and other functional metastable states are affected by this disorder. We found that brain dynamics in the schizophrenia group were characterized by an increased probability of globally coherent states and reduced recurrence of a substate dominated by coupled activity in the default mode and limbic networks. We then used the in silico perturbation of a whole-brain model to identify critical areas involved in the disease. Perturbing a set of temporo-parietal sensory and associative areas in a model of the healthy brain reproduced global pathological dynamics. Healthy brain dynamics were instead restored by perturbing a set of medial fronto-temporal and cingulate regions in the model of pathology. These results highlight the relevance of GS alterations in schizophrenia and identify a set of vulnerable areas involved in determining a shift in brain state.
Performing history and cultural memory through ancient drama: the case of contemporary Polish theatre
Authors: Budzowska Małgorzata 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBy the mode of representation of human life processes, theatre from its very beginning has contributed to maintaining or confronting a given social order, so as to complete its ethico-political function. One of the genuinely politically involved issues to discuss in theatre has become the past. However, on stage, history is recalled to serve both the present and the future in order to construct and develop cultural memory. Classical reception provides a comprehensive method of coping with the past, empowering the performance of the political. This article ponders the development of the ethico-political function of contemporary theatre in Poland by providing three case studies of productions that perform history and cultural memory in a specifically chosen location: Orestes by Michał Zadara, Ajax. The Machine by Natalia Korczakowska, and Wałęsa at Colonus by Bartosz Szydłowski. The conceptual framework of the analysis is constructed from the idea of the political, adapted to the specificity of the Romantic paradigm that furnishes the ground for the study of performing history and cultural memory in Polish theatre. The issue in focus is to observe how the classical reception of ancient dramas can be a performance of the political through an indirect recalling of the historical past.
Simple Novel Screening Tool for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Barnes Alex , Andrews Jane M , Mukherjee Sutapa , Bryant Robert V , Bampton Peter , Spizzo Paul , Fraser Robert J , Mountifield Réme 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been associated with an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We aimed to examine the associations of obstructive sleep apnea, sleepiness, and IBD-related data and comorbidities, with the aim of developing a screening tool for sleep apnea in this population.MethodsAn online survey of adults with IBD was administered which included measures of assessment of the risk of OSA, and measures of IBD activity, IBD-related disability, anxiety, and depression. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the associations between the risk of OSA and IBD data, medications, demographics, and mental health conditions. Further models were built for an outcome of severe daytime sleepiness and a combined outcome of risk of OSA and at least mild daytime sleepiness. A simple score was constructed for the purpose of screening for OSA.ResultsThere were 670 responses to the online questionnaire. The median age was 41 years, the majority had Crohn’s disease (57%), the median disease duration was 11.9 years, and approximately half were on biologics (50.5%). Moderate–high risk of OSA was demonstrated in 22.6% of the cohort. A multivariate regression model for moderate–high risk of OSA included increasing age, obesity, smoking, and abdominal pain subscore. For a combined outcome of moderate–high risk of OSA and at least mild daytime sleepiness, a multivariate model included abdominal pain, age, smoking, obesity, and clinically significant depression. A simple score was constructed for screening for OSA utilizing age, obesity, IBD activity, and smoking status with an area under the receiver-operating curve of 0.77. A score &gt;2 had a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 56% for moderate–high risk of OSA and could be utilized for screening for OSA in the IBD clinic.ConclusionsOver one-fifth of an IBD cohort met significantly high-risk criteria for OSA to warrant referral for a diagnostic sleep study. The risk of OSA was associated with abdominal pain, along with more traditional risk factors such as smoking, increasing age, and obesity. Consideration should be given for screening for OSA in IBD patients utilizing a novel screening tool that utilizes parameters typically available in IBD clinic.
Digest: Specialization of an insect virus to its host is contingent upon polygenic traits
Authors: Hori Taylor , Wang Zinan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhat affects the ability of a virus to adapt and specialize to its hosts? To answer this question, Visher et al. (2022) performed experimental evolution on a virus-insect system and showed that the virus specializes in its hosts through the evolution of its ability to infect or replicate. Genomic analysis of adapted lines of viruses in different host genotypes suggests that viral specialization is influenced by a complicated and polygenic mechanism.