bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing home adjustment in China: mediating and moderating effects
Authors: Yong Binbin , Zhang Yanyan , Xiao Huimin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Adjusting to nursing homes contributes to successful aging in older adults. However, the effect of stress on psychological adjustment in nursing home residents is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between stress and psychological adjustment among nursing home residents.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional, multicenter survey. A total of 386 residents from 11 nursing homes were included in the study. Bootstrapping with resampling strategies was used to examine multiple mediators and the moderator effect. This research conforms with the STROBE checklist.

Results
Path analysis demonstrated that stress directly negatively predicted the psychological adjustment of nursing home residents. It also indirectly predicted psychological adjustment through the mediating role of learned resourcefulness and self-efficacy, as well as the chain mediating role of both. Social support played a moderating role in the path of stress to learned resourcefulness.

Conclusion
This study revealed the mechanism underlying the effect of stress on psychological adjustment in nursing home residents without cognitive impairment and walking difficulties. It further suggests that health providers could enhance older adults' learned resourcefulness, self-efficacy, and social support to assist them in adjusting to nursing home life.
Baseline characteristics and treatment response predictive of nAMD outcomes with ranibizumab therapy in treatment-naive patients: the RACER subgroup analysis
Authors: Tsai Ching-Yao , Wu Chien-Liang , Cheng Cheng-Kuo , Shen Yun-Dun , Wu Wen-Chuan , Wu Pei-Chang , Tsai Arslan , Chen Jiann-Torng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The Ranibizumab AMD Clinical Efficacy Study (RACER) conducted in treatment-naive adult Taiwanese patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) suggested the importance of early and intensive dosing of ranibizumab for optimal treatment outcomes. This subgroup analysis aims to provide clinical information on treatment response that can potentially guide on maintaining the treatment or switching anti-VEGF agents in the real-world setting.

Methods
Visual acuity (VA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were assessed in the RACER subgroup population. Subgroup analysis sets were categorised based on: (1) baseline best-corrected VA (BCVA; ≤ 48 and > 48 letters); (2) baseline CRT (≤ 325 or > 325 μm); and (3) treatment response after three monthly initial injections: < or ≥ 5-letter gain in BCVA and reduction of < or ≥ 50 μm in CRT.

Results
Patient age, sex, nAMD duration and number of ranibizumab injections did not differ significantly between the treatment subgroups. Poor baseline BCVA (≤ 48 letters) and baseline CRT severity (> 325 µm) were predictors of maximum BCVA gains (9.6 ± 12.9 letters [95%CI: 6.3 to 12.9] and 5.1 ± 18.3 letters [95%CI: − 0.5 to 10.8] at Months 3 and 12, respectively) and better CRT reductions (− 127.6 ± 104.2 µm and − 104.2 ± 107.4 µm at Months 3 and 12, respectively; both P < 0.001). For the subgroup showing favourable treatment improvement with BCVA gains ≥ 5 letters after three monthly initial injections, 75.6% of patients maintained follow-up at Month 12 with a mean of 6.5 ± 14.3 letter gains (95% CI: 1.2 to 11.7). The BCVA gains < 5-letter subgroup nevertheless had stable BCVA (0.4 ± 12.1 letter gains) and CRT (− 41.9 ± 61.2 µm) at Month 12, respectively. In the subgroup with ≥ 50 µm CRT reduction after three monthly initial injections, there are significantly higher BCVA improvements vs. the < 50 µm CRT reduction subgroup at Month 3 (5.0 ± 8.6 letter gains vs. 1.5 ± 11.6 letter gains, respectively; intergroup P = 0.005).

Conclusion
Lower baseline BCVA and higher baseline CRT were associated with BCVA gains and CRT reductions throughout the 12-month study period. Early CRT improvements after three monthly initial injections were associated with BCVA gains as early as Month 3.
The influence of disordered eating and social media’s portrayals of pregnancy on young women’s attitudes toward pregnancy
Authors: Gibson A. Hope , Zaikman Yuliana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Given the heightened emphasis on physical appearance and the prevalence of social media in young women, they are particularly vulnerable to experiencing negative body image and disordered eating. Therefore, modified social media portrayals of pregnancy could cause young women to have negative attitudes toward a potential pregnancy and subsequently not properly utilize care and resources. The present study examined the influence of disordered eating and modified portrayals of pregnancy on young women’s attitudes toward a potential pregnancy and various feelings associated with pregnancy.

Methods
The sample consisted of 154 women aged 18–30, who were given the Eating-Attitudes Test-26, randomly shown either modified or unmodified social media portrayals of pregnancy, then given the Attitudes Toward Potential Pregnancy Scale and the Gestational Weight Gain Psychosocial Risk Assessment Tool.

Results
A series of hierarchal regressions revealed that there were no significant main effects or interactions for young women’s attitudes toward potential pregnancy. However, women who viewed modified portrayals of pregnancy had higher self-efficacy, and women with higher levels of disordered eating had lower self-efficacy, more positive attitudes toward gestational weight gain, and lower current body image satisfaction.

Conclusions
These results highlight the myriad of different attitudes that young women have toward a potential pregnancy and how these attitudes are influenced by disordered eating and social media. Our findings can be used for educating caregivers and implementing intervention strategies for women.
Nephroprotective effect of Physalis peruviana L. calyx extract and its butanolic fraction against cadmium chloride toxicity in rats and molecular docking of isolated compounds
Authors: Soliman Hesham S. M. , Korany Eslam M. , El-Sayed Elsayed K. , Aboelyazed Ahmed M. , Ibrahim Haitham A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cadmium is an environmentally toxic metal that has deleterious effects on both animals and humans due to its accumulation in different body tissues. Physalis peruviana L. fruit and calyx contain many active constituents which are used traditionally for their different biological activities. Based on the traditional uses of P. peruviana L. calyx, we aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of their 80% aqueous methanol extract (AME) and n-butanol fraction (Bu.F.) against cadmium chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in rats and to correlate this activity with phytoconstituents isolated using molecular docking studies.

Methods
The n-butanol fraction of P. peruviana L. calyx was fractionated using various chromatographic techniques and the isolated compounds were identified based on their chemical and spectroscopic data. The nephroprotective activity was assessed using cadmium chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat model, by measuring some important parameters such as body weight, kidney weight, serum urea, and creatinine levels, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers, and histopathological examinations of kidney tissue. Molecular docking studies of the isolated compounds were performed.

Results
Three withanolides named 4 β-hydroxywithanolide E (1), Physalin B (2) and 3α, 14β-dihydroxywithaphysalin N (3) were isolated and identified from the n-butanol fraction of P. peruviana L calyx extract. The extract and its butanol fraction significantly improved the serum kidney function markers and tissue oxidative status including malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT). Additionally, the extracts significantly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κβ). Moreover, the histological changes were ameliorated by the extracts. The molecular docking study showed that the isolated compounds displayed a remarkable inhibitory activity against IκB kinase.

Conclusion
The AME and its butanol fraction of P. peruviana L calyx showed potential nephroprotective activity against cadmium chloride-induced nephrotoxicity which is correlated at least in part to its considerable withanolides content.
Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 vaccinated healthcare workers in Lebanon
Authors: AlKalamouni Habib , Abou Hassan Farouk F. , Bou Hamdan Mirna , Page Andrew J. , Lott Martin , Matthews Michaela , Ghosn Nada , Rady Alissar , Mahfouz Rami , Araj George F. , Dbaibo Ghassan , Zaraket Hassan , Melhem Nada M. , Matar Ghassan M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants including the Delta and Omicron along with waning of vaccine-induced immunity over time contributed to increased rates of breakthrough infection specifically among healthcare workers (HCWs). SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance is an important tool for timely detection and characterization of circulating variants as well as monitoring the emergence of new strains. Our study is the first national SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance among HCWs in Lebanon.MethodsWe collected 250 nasopharyngeal swabs from HCWs across Lebanon between December 2021 and January 2022. Data on the date of positive PCR, vaccination status, specific occupation, and hospitalization status of participants were collected. Extracted viral RNA from nasopharyngeal swabs was converted to cDNA, library prepped using the coronaHIT method, followed by whole genome sequencing on the Illumina NextSeq 500 platform.ResultsA total of 133 (57.1%) samples belonging to the Omicron (BA.1.1) sub-lineage were identified, as well as 44 (18.9%) samples belonging to the BA.1 sub-lineage, 28 (12%) belonging to the BA.2 sub-lineage, and only 15 (6.6%) samples belonging to the Delta variant sub-lineage B.1.617.2. These results show that Lebanon followed the global trend in terms of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants with Delta rapidly replaced by the Omicron variant.ConclusionThis study underscores the importance of continuous genomic surveillance programs in Lebanon for the timely detection and characterization of circulating variants. The latter is critical to guide public health policy making and to timely implement public health interventions.
The impact of diagnostic delay on survival in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: results from the Austrian Alpha-1 Lung Registry
Authors: Meischl Tobias , Schmid-Scherzer Karin , Vafai-Tabrizi Florian , Wurzinger Gert , Traunmüller-Wurm Eva , Kutics Kristina , Rauter Markus , Grabcanovic-Musija Fikreta , Müller Simona , Kaufmann Norbert , Löffler-Ragg Judith , Valipour Arschang , Funk Georg-Christian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disorder that can manifest as lung disease. A delay between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of AATD is common and associated with worse clinical status and more advanced disease stage but the influence on survival is unclear.

Objective
We aimed to investigate the impact of diagnostic delay on overall survival (OS) and transplant-free survival (TS) in AATD patients.

Methods
We analysed 268 AATD patients from the prospective multi-centre Austrian Alpha-1 Lung (AAL) Registry, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square-test as well as univariable (Kaplan–Meier plots, log-rank test) and multivariable survival analysis (Cox regression).

Results
The predominant phenotype was Pi*ZZ (82.1%). At diagnosis, 90.2% had an AAT level below 0.6 g/L. At inclusion, 28.2% had never smoked, 68.0% had quit smoking and 3.8% continued to smoke. Lung disease was diagnosed in 98.5%, thereof most patients were diagnosed with emphysema (63.8%) and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (44.0%). Median diagnostic delay was 5.3 years (inter-quartile range [IQR] 2.2–11.5 years). In multivariable analysis (n = 229), a longer diagnostic delay was significantly associated with worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.61; 95% CI 1.09–2.38; p = 0.016) and TS (HR 1.43; 95% CI 1.08–1.89; p = 0.011), independent from age, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and long-term oxygen treatment. Furthermore, BMI, age and active smoking were significantly associated with worse OS as well as BMI, active smoking and FEV1 were with worse TS.

Conclusions
A delayed diagnosis was associated with significantly worse OS and TS. Screening should be improved and efforts to ensure early AATD diagnosis should be intensified.
Mannosylated-serum albumin nanoparticle imaging to monitor tumor-associated macrophages under anti-PD1 treatment
Authors: Gu Gyo Jeong , Chung Hyewon , Park Ji Yong , Yoo Ranji , Im Hyung-Jun , Choi Hongyoon , Lee Yun-Sang , Seok Seung Hyeok 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) block tumor growth by reinvigorating the immune system; however, determining their efficacy only by the changes in tumor size may prove inaccurate. As the immune cells including macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are associated with the response to anti-PD1 therapy, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) imaging using nanoparticles can noninvasively provide the immune enrichment status of TME. Herein, the mannosylated-serum albumin (MSA) nanoparticle was labeled with radioactive isotope 68Ga to target the mannose receptors on macrophages for noninvasive monitoring of the TME according to anti-PD1 therapy.

Results
B16F10-Luc and MC38-Luc tumor-bearing mice were treated with anti-PD1, and the response to anti-PD1 was determined by the tumor volume. According to the flow cytometry, the responders to anti-PD1 showed an increased proportion of TAMs, as well as lymphocytes, and the most enriched immune cell population in the TME was also TAMs. For noninvasive imaging of TAMs as a surrogate of immune cell augmentation in the TME via anti-PD1, we acquired [68Ga] Ga-MSA positron emission tomography. According to the imaging study, an increased number of TAMs in responders at the early phase of anti-PD1 treatment was observed in both B16F10-Luc and MC38-Luc tumor-bearing mice models.

Conclusion
As representative immune cells in the TME, non-invasive imaging of TAMs using MSA nanoparticles can reflect the immune cell enrichment status in the TME closely associated with the response to anti-PD1. As non-invasive imaging using MSA nanoparticles, this approach shows a potential to monitor and evaluate anti-tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Niche formation and function in developing tissue: studies from the Drosophila ovary
Authors: Jin Jian , Zhao Ting 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAdult stem cells have a unique ability to self-renew and to generate differentiated daughter cells that are required in the body tissues. The identity of adult stem cells is maintained by extrinsic signals from other cell types, known as niche cells. Thus, the niche is required for appropriate tissue homeostasis. Niche is formed and recruits stem cells during tissue development; therefore, it is essential to establish niche cells and stem cells in proper numbers during development. A small niche may recruit too few stem cells and cause tissue degeneration, while a large niche may maintain too many stem cells and lead to tumorigenesis. Given that vertebrate tissues are not suitable for large-scale forward genetics studies, the Drosophila ovary stands out as an excellent model for studying how multiple niche cell types and germ cells (GCs) are coordinately regulated in vivo. Recent studies are beginning to reveal how various signaling molecules regulate niche formation and how niche cells non-autonomously influence GC number. In this review, we summarize the ovarian niche structure, the key signaling pathways for niche formation, and how niche cells generate extrinsic factors to control GC proliferation during ovarian development.
Megaprosthetic reconstruction of the distal femur with a short residual proximal femur following bone tumor resection: a systematic review
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinji , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Masunaga Tomoya , Kido Akira , Honoki Kanya , Tanaka Yuu , Fujii Hiromasa , Tanaka Yasuhito , Errani Costantino 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the risk of postoperative function and complications associated with reconstruction methods in patients with short residual proximal femurs (< 12 cm) after resection of distal femoral bone tumors, we performed a systematic review of studies reporting postoperative function and complications in these patients.

Methods
Of the 236 studies identified by systematic searches using the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, eight were included (none were randomized controlled trials). In these studies, 106 (68.4%), 12 (7.7%), and 37 (23.9%) patients underwent reconstruction with custom-made megaprostheses with extracortical plates or cross-pins, allograft prosthetic composite (APC), and Compress® compliant pre-stress (CPS) implants, respectively.

Results
Aseptic loosening occurred slightly more frequently in the APC group than in the other reconstruction methods (APC group, 21%; custom-made megaprosthesis group, 0–17%; CPS implant group, 14%). No differences were noted in the frequencies of implant breakage, fractures, or infections between the three reconstruction methods. Mechanical survival, where endpoint was set as implant removal for any reason, was 80% at seven years in the APC group, 70–77% at 10 years in the custom-made megaprosthesis group, and 68% at nine years in the CPS implant group. Therefore, there appeared to be no difference among the three reconstruction methods with respect to mechanical survival.

Conclusions
During megaprosthetic reconstruction of the distal femur with a short residual proximal femur after bone tumor resection, similar results were obtained using custom-made megaprostheses, APCs, and CPS implants.
Task scheduling in cloud environment: optimization, security prioritization and processor selection schemes
Authors: Hai Tao , Zhou Jincheng , Jawawi Dayang , Wang Dan , Oduah Uzoma , Biamba Cresantus , Jain Sanjiv Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCloud computing is an extremely important infrastructure used to perform tasks over processing units. Despite its numerous benefits, a cloud platform has several challenges preventing it from carrying out an efficient workflow submission. One of these is linked to task scheduling. An optimization problem related to this is the maximal determination of cloud computing scheduling criteria. Existing methods have been unable to find the quality of service (QoS) limits of users- like meeting the economic restrictions and reduction of the makespan. Of all these methods, the Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time (HEFT) algorithm produces the maximum outcomes for scheduling tasks in a heterogeneous environment in a reduced time. Reviewed literature proves that HEFT is efficient in terms of execution time and quality of schedule. The HEFT algorithm makes use of average communication and computation costs as weights in the DAG. In some cases, however, the average cost of computation and selecting the first empty slot may not be enough for a good solution to be produced. In this paper, we propose different HEFT algorithm versions altered to produce improved results. In the first stage (rank generation), we execute several methodologies to calculate the ranks, and in the second stage, we alter how the empty slots are selected for the task scheduling. These alterations do not add any cost to the primary HEFT algorithm, and reduce the makespan of the virtual machines’ workflow submissions. Our findings suggest that the altered versions of the HEFT algorithm have a better performance than the basic HEFT algorithm regarding decreased schedule length of the workflow problems.
Effect of traditional herbal medicine, danggui-yukhwang-tang, on post-menopausal weight gain in ovariectomized high-fat diet rats
Authors: Jung Dong Ho , Yang Hyun , Hwang Joo Tae , Ko Byoung-Seob 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe decrease in estrogen due to menopause leads to impaired lipid metabolism and is closely related to the increase in metabolic syndrome due to weight gain. Hormone replacement therapy is effective for menopause, but with an increased risk of side effects. Danggui-yukhwang-tang (DYT) is a traditional drug, comprising seven herbs, used to treat diseases like slight fever with sweating, blood-flow disorders, and neurasthenia. However, the effect on menopausal obesity has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of DYT on weight gain in female rats fed a high-fat diet after ovariectomy. Adipocyte differentiation was effectively reduced by DYT in 3T3-L1 cells, and the mRNAs of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and FABP4, which are adipogenesis-related genes, were reduced. In the in vivo study, OVX and HFD elevated body weight; however, its induction significantly decreased in the DYT-treated groups. The serum lipid profile was also examined, and DYT treatment significantly decreased LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels compared with the OVX and OVX + HFD groups. DYT treatment effectively reduced the temperature(s) of the tail and body in the rats. The study demonstrates that DYT inhibits adipogenic differentiation, hypercholesterolemia, and weight gain in a post-menopausal rat model by regulating adipogenic markers (PPARγ, C/EBPα, FABP4) and the serum lipid profile in OVX + HFD rats.
Recommendations towards the establishment of best practice standards for handling and intracoelomic implantation of data-storage and telemetry tags in tropical tunas
Authors: Leroy Bruno , Scutt Phillips Joe , Potts Joanne , Brill Richard W. , Evans Karen , Forget Fabien , Holland Kim , Itano David , Muir Jeff , Pilling Graham , Nicol Simon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractArchival (data-storage) and telemetry (acoustic and radio) tags are commonly used to provide data on the behavior and physiology of organisms, as well as data on their surrounding environment. For fishes, it is often advantageous to implant tags in the peritoneal cavity (i.e., intracoelomic implantation). The literature on best practices is limited for marine species, and near absent for tunas despite their regular application. We identify recommended practices using laparotomy in tropical tuna species following observations from thousands of tags implantations undertaken during implementation of several tagging programs across the Pacific. These recommended practices include descriptions of preferred tagging stations and equipment, fish selection, surgical procedures, and return of the fish to the wild. While these recommended practices were developed specifically for tropical tuna species, they are also likely applicable for other pelagic fishes. We present these guidelines to guide and promote the development of best practices for such procedures on pelagic species.