bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Practice of Internship Students on the Emergency Crash Cart System in a Selected Tertiary Care Hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
Authors: Nair Varsha B. , Joseph Shilpa , Thomas Shintu , Sharvana Sharvana , PK Pranav , Mathew Shycil 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction A crash cart is the trolley for storing lifesaving equipment and drugs in a hospital. During an emergency situation, nurses are left with confusion and hurry in getting the emergency medication and equipment. Typically, the crash cart system remains locked until a code blue triage is initiated by the hospital. This lack of exposure leads to poor competency and confident in performing essential tasks during a code blue. A well-organized crash cart system can save a lot of time and confusion during an emergency, which in turn can save a life.
Aim The aim of this study was to identify the knowledge and practice of internship students on emergency crash cart system and to find the correlation between knowledge and practices of nursing internship students on maintenance of emergency crash cart system.
Materials and Methods A descriptive correlative research study was conducted among 93 nursing internship students tertiary care hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. The samples were selected by using purposive sampling techniques. Demographic proforma, structured knowledge questionnaire on knowledge regarding emergency crash cart system with 32 items was used to determine the level of knowledge and observation practice checklist with 24 items was used to assess the practice of internship students on maintenances of emergency crash cart system. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the collected data.
Results Majority (89; 95.7%) of the internship students are in the age group of 20 to 25 years and most (59; 63.4%) of internship students are working in wards. Of that 79 (84.9%) internship students have average knowledge with mean 18.1, median 19, and standard deviation (SD) 3.2. Majority 90 (96.7%) of the internship students have satisfactory practice on emergency crash carts with mean 22.9, median 23, and SD 1. 11. There is a moderate positive linear relationship between knowledge and practice scores of the internship students on the emergency crash cart system (r = 0.38, df =92, p=	0.05).
Conclusions The study concludes nursing internship students have average knowledge about emergency crash cart system. And the practice of internship students on maintenance of crash cart was satisfactory. The study thus implies the need for frequent reinforcement and training programs, which may help the internship students to improve knowledge on emergency crash cart systems. There should be clear instructions about the arrangement and use of a crash cart in each and every unit.
Knowledge on PCOS among the Nursing Students of a Selected College, Mangaluru
Authors: Ferrao Welcita Ianya , Fernandes Veena Melisha , Thomas Twinkle , Baretto Vineetha Roshni , Sequera Sonia Karen Liz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder commonly affecting the adolescent girls. Globally, the prevalence rate is around 4 to 12% and it affects 5 to 10% women in their reproductive age group. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge on PCOS among the student nurses. This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study among 350 adolescent girls of a selected nursing college recruited using stratified random sampling. A predesigned, pretested, semistructured 16-item questionnaire containing two components—basic knowledge on PCOS (8) and treatment and prevention of PCOS (8), was used for data collection and the results were analyzed. Results revealed that all the adolescent girls (350; 100%) belonged to the age group of 18 to 20 years. It was noted that 306 (87.4%) of students had inadequate knowledge, whereas 44 (12.6%) students had adequate knowledge on PCOS. Significant association was found between primary source of information (p = 0.012) and knowledge on PCOS at 0.05 level of significance. The study concluded that conduction of planned teaching programs is necessary to increase comprehensive knowledge with regard to detection of presenting symptoms and foster early diagnosis and treatment of the syndrome thereby promoting overall health.
Separation Anxiety in Horses
Authors: Nellist Jenni 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although there are no published statistics on the prevalence of separation-related behaviour (SRB) problems, they are likely to be a common issue in horses and constitute around 20% of the author’s caseload. They may present as difficulty catching and leading horses away from their social group, inability to settle (such as box walking or weaving when stabled, walking or pacing the fence when left behind in the pasture), difficulty with loading and travelling, napping when attempting to ride out alone or away from a group, and increased handling or riding difficulty at horse shows and other events. The normal state of the horse is to be in a group of other horses; it is entirely natural and to be expected that horses will become stressed when isolated from others. Horses need to become gradually habituated to isolation from other horses and can be easily sensitized to other fears when first exposed to frightening stimuli in isolation from other horses.
A Smart Contract-Based Access Control Framework For Smart Healthcare Systems
Authors: Abid Amal , Cheikhrouhou Saoussen , Kallel Slim , Tari Zahir , Jmaiel Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Security faces huge challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) environments. In particular, conventional access control standards and models tend to be less tailored for IoT due to the constrained nature of smart objects. Usually, a powerful third party is used to handle the access control logic. However, this third party is lacking in transparency and could harm user privacy. Therefore, providing a distributed access control solution, while considering transparency and privacy-preserving awareness in IoT smart systems, is of paramount importance. The described issue can be addressed using the emergent Blockchain technology that provides a promising choice to build a new generation of decentralized and transparent access control solutions. This paper proposes a smart contract-based access control framework for IoT smart healthcare systems, which is based on smart contracts to provide a distributed and trustworthy access control, combined with the GTRBAC model to express fine-grained access control policies while considering temporal authorization constraints. To prove the feasibility and validity of the proposed framework, this paper also provides a detailed technical description and an initial implementation and execution. An experimental evaluation shows that security properties’ analyses on smart contracts achieved the best possible evaluation with no vulnerabilities found, and the cost of access control operations increases linearly as the number of policy constraints increases. Besides, a comparative analysis reveals that the proposed approach can achieve good results with low gas costs and latency.
CSEA: A Fine-Grained Framework of Climate-Season-Based Energy-Aware in Cloud Storage Systems
Authors: Yuan Zhu , Lv Xueqiang , Xie Ping , Ge Haojie , You Xindong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Continuous data scale growth increases energy consumption and operating cost that cannot be ignored in cloud storage systems. Previous studies have shown that analyzing the characteristics of I/O access and mining data features is effective for reasonable data distribution in storage systems. The granularity and criterion of classification are the key factors in determining the data distribution. To decrease energy consumption and operating cost, this paper puts forward a fine-grained framework of the climatic-season-based energy-aware in cloud storage system called CSEA. The framework concludes the following three aspects: (i) data feature mining. CSEA discovers potential data features by analyzing data access to provide help with data classification. (ii) K-means clustering algorithm. CSEA uses an unsupervised data classification algorithm in machine learning to divide data into categories based on seasonal characteristics by gathering real I/O access. (iii) data distribution of fine-grained. On the basis of seasonal features, CSEA fuses regional features to further refine the data distribution granularity to save on energy consumption and operating cost. Simulation experiments using extended CloudSimDisk and the constructed mathematical models indicate that CSEA reduces the energy consumption and operating cost compared with the single data classification standard and coarse-grained data distribution.
Warranty period of coronary computed tomography angiography and [15O]H2O positron emission tomography in symptomatic patients
Authors: Jukema Ruurt , Maaniitty Teemu , van Diemen Pepijn , Berkhof Hans , Raijmakers Pieter G , Sprengers Ralf , Planken R Nils , Knaapen Paul , Saraste Antti , Danad Ibrahim , Knuuti Juhani 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsData on the warranty period of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and combined coronary CTA/positron emission tomography (PET) are scarce. The present study aimed to determine the event-free (warranty) period after coronary CTA and the potential additional value of PET.Method and resultsPatients with suspected but not previously diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary CTA and/or [15O]H2O PET were categorized based upon coronary CTA as no CAD, non-obstructive CAD, or obstructive CAD. A hyperaemic myocardial blood flow (MBF) ≤ 2.3 mL/min/g was considered abnormal. The warranty period was defined as the time for which the cumulative event rate of death and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) was below 5%. Of 2575 included patients (mean age 61.4 ± 9.9 years, 41% male), 1319 (51.2%) underwent coronary CTA only and 1237 (48.0%) underwent combined coronary CTA/PET. During a median follow-up of 7.0 years 163 deaths and 68 MIs occurred. The warranty period for patients with no CAD on coronary CTA was ≥10 years, whereas patients with non-obstructive CAD had a 5-year warranty period. Patients with obstructive CAD and normal hyperaemic MBF had a 2-year longer warranty period compared to patients with obstructive CAD and abnormal MBF (3 years vs. 1 year).ConclusionAs standalone imaging, the warranty period for normal coronary CTA is ≥10 years, whereas patients with non-obstructive CAD have a warranty period of 5 years. Normal PET yielded a 2-year longer warranty period in patients with obstructive CAD.
Climate change has limited effect on the growth of Afzelia africana Sm. and Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. and Perr. in riparian forests in the savannas of Ghana
Authors: Boakye Emmanuel A , Ceesay Adam , Osemwegie Isimemen , Kapoury Sanogo , Hounkpevi Achille , Matchi Issiaka I , Tetteh Erasmus N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The growth of trees in riparian forests in semi-arid savannas is resilient to the natural variations in temperature and precipitation due to the availability of riverine water. Climate change can nevertheless, intensify the evapotranspiration of tree species, altering biodiversity, plant productivity and ecosystem services. Understanding the growth response of riparian tree species to climate change is, therefore, critical for their management and conservation. Here, we used 23 cross-dated stem discs of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. and Perr. and Afzelia africana Sm. randomly sampled from riparian forests in the humid and dry savanna regions of Ghana to assess their growth response to climate change. A generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) was used to integrate species-specific basal area increments to an array of explanatory variables that may affect growth, including tree size and seasonal temperature and precipitation between 1982 and 2013. We observed significant association between tree size, rainy and dry season temperatures and precipitation variables, and changes in tree growth. Despite the strong fluctuations in tree growth over time, the estimated growth rates of the species from the residuals of the GAMMs showed no significant change in growth. Our findings suggest that these riparian forests are highly resistant to weather extremes and therefore, might persist (up to a certain point) even if climate change continues to intensify.
Incidence and Effect of Heart Rot in Marayur Sandalwood (Santalum albumL.) Reserve, Kerala, and Its Natural Durability Against Fungi
Authors: Sundararaj Ramachandran , Swetha Purushotham , Mondal Soma , Kantha Reddy Mustypally , Raja Rishi Rajappan , Mamatha Narayanaswamy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIndian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is a semi-parasitic tree, well known for its valuable sandalwood oil extracted from heartwood and roots. Extensive loss of heartwood as a result of its decay is observed in living trees and this has inspired the current study, to investigate the health of sandalwood in Marayur sandalwood forest reserves. Located in Kerala, India, the majority of the trees in Marayur are facing high mortality with the loss of heartwood. The current study evaluated the health status and heartwood-rot disease severity of each tree, which revealed that only 16.67 % of the total trees were healthy and 1.5 % of them were dead. Statistical analysis revealed increasing girth class of trees has a significant positive association with increased disease severity at a 0.05 level of significance. Laboratory analysis confirmed the presence of the major wood-rotters Allophoma tropica, Xylaria berteroi, Diaporthe sp., Fomes sp., Ganoderma appalanatum, and Trametes sp., and that they are collectively responsible for the heart rot. A durability assessment revealed sandalwood is highly resistant (durability class I) to white-rot fungi (viz., Trametes hirsutus and T. [Coriolus] versicolor) and moderately resistant (durability class II) to brown-rot fungi (Oligoporous placenta and Fomitopsis meliae).Study Implications: This study highlights the health status and heart-rot disease severity of sandalwood trees in Marayur Forest Reserves. Of the total trees surveyed, about 1.5% mortality was observed and only 17% of the trees were devoid of any heart-rot symptoms. Allophoma tropica, Ganoderma applanatum, Xylaria berteroi isolate SR52, Diaporthe sp., Fomes sp., G. appalanatum, and Trametes sp. are typical species collectively responsible for the heart rot and this was found to be the case in our study. These findings will sensitize forest managers to the loss of valuable sandalwood and death of the trees due to the heart rot, thereby enabling them to take appropriate preventive measures. Also, the natural durability of sandalwood against brown- and white-rot fungi is reported for the first time, indicating that sandalwood falls in the resistance class I (highly resistant) against white-rot fungi (Trametes hirsutus and T. (Coriolus) versicolor) and resistance class II (resistant) against brown-rot fungi (Oligoporous placenta and Fomitopsis meliae).
Development of gallbladder cancer during follow-up of pancreaticobiliary maljunction: a report of two cases
Authors: Aota Takanori , Tanaka Shogo , Takemura Shigekazu , Amano Ryosuke , Kimura Kenjiro , Shinkawa Hiroji , Ohira Go , Nishio Kohei , Ishizawa Takeaki , Kubo Shoji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a congenital malformation. The reflux of pancreatic juice into the biliary tract caused by PBM plays a significant role in the development of biliary tract cancers (BTCs), such as gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Previous studies have demonstrated a high incidence of BTC in patients with PBM. However, there are only a few reports of patients who developed BTC after a diagnosis of PBM. We report the cases of two patients who developed gallbladder cancer after being diagnosed with PBM. They had refused treatment and were being managed with follow-up observation alone after the diagnosis of PBM and developed gallbladder cancer after several years of observation. Thus, surgical treatment should be recommended for all patients with PBM in order to prevent the development of BTC. Moreover, long-term, close, regular follow-up is necessary to facilitate the early diagnosis of subsequent BTC in patients with untreated PBM.
Simultaneous nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Murayama Daisuke , Hashizume Toko , Hirano Ryosuke , Azuhata Koji , Shimojo Hisashi , Ito Nobuo , Mishima Osamu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We herein report the case of a 48-year-old man diagnosed with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL, Stage IA) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC, Stage I). Total thyroidectomy, left modified neck dissection and biopsy of the right cervical lymph node were performed. Postoperatively, NLPHL treatment was prioritized, and external radiation (30.6 Gy) was applied to the right neck. PTC was considered a high-risk category for recurrence due to extranodal invasion of lymph node metastasis, and radioactive iodine therapy (ablative dose, 1110 MBq) was administered. Both PTC and NLPHL showed no recurrence 18 months after surgery.
Performance of microbiological tests for tuberculosis diagnostic according to the type of respiratory specimen: a 10-year retrospective study
Authors: Boldi Marc-Olivier , Denis-Lessard Justin , Neziri Rina , Brouillet René , von-Garnier Christophe , Chavez Valérie , Mazza-Stalder Jesica , Jaton Katia , Greub Gilbert , Opota Onya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe microbial diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging and relies on multiple microbiological tests performed on different clinical specimens. Polymerase chain reactions (PCRs), introduced in the last decades has had a significant impact on the diagnosis of TB. However, questions remain about the use of PCRs in combination with conventional tests for TB, namely microscopy and culture. We aimed to determine the performance of microscopy, culture and PCR for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis according to the type of clinical specimen in order to improve the diagnostic yield and to avoid unnecessary, time and labor-intensive tests.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study (2008-2018) on analysis (34’429 specimens, 14’358 patients) performed in our diagnostic laboratory located in the Lausanne University Hospital to compare the performance of microbiological tests on sputum, induced sputum, bronchial aspirate and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We analysed the performance using a classical “per specimen” approach and a “per patient” approach for paired specimens collected from the same patient.ResultsThe overall sensitivities of microscopy, PCR and culture were 0.523 (0.489, 0.557), 0.798 (0.755, 0.836) and 0.988 (0.978, 0.994) and the specificity were 0.994 (0.993, 0.995), 1 (0.999, 1) and 1 (1, 1). Microscopy displayed no significant differences in sensitivity according to the type of sample. The sensitivities of PCR for sputum, induced sputum, bronchial aspirate and BAL were, 0.821 (0.762, 0.871), 0.643 (0.480, 0.784), 0.837 (0.748, 0.904) and 0.759 (0.624, 0.865) respectively and the sensitivity of culture were, 0.993 (0.981, 0.998), 0.980 (0.931, 0.998), 0.965 (0.919, 0.988), and 1 (0.961, 1) respectively. Pairwise comparison of specimens collected from the same patient reported a significantly higher sensitivity of PCR on bronchial aspirate over BAL (p < 0.001) and sputum (p < 0.05) and a significantly higher sensitivity of culture on bronchial aspirate over BAL (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsPCR displayed a higher sensitivity and specificity than microscopy for all respiratory specimens, a rational for a smear-independent PCR-based approach to initiate tuberculosis microbial diagnostic. The diagnosis yield of bronchial aspirate was higher than BAL. Therefore, PCR should be systematically performed also on bronchial aspirates when available.
Neural stress processing, glucocorticoid functioning, and body mass in lean to obese persons with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Meyer-Arndt Lil , Brasanac Jelena , Gamradt Stefanie , Bellmann-Strobl Judith , Maurer Lukas , Mai Knut , Spranger Joachim , Schmitz-Hübsch Tanja , Paul Friedemann , Gold Stefan M. , Weygandt Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesObesity aggravates disease severity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Altered neural processing of food motivation and cognitive control, and the sensitivity of these processes to stress have been recognized as key obesity mechanisms but never been investigated in MS.MethodsIn this cross-sectional observational study, we evaluated the link between body mass and neural, endocrine and immunological stress parameters in persons with MS (PwMS). We conducted an Arterial-Spin-Labeling MRI task comprising a rest and stress stage (mental arithmetic plus evaluative feedback) in 57 PwMS (37 female, 46.4 ± 10.6 years) covering the full spectrum of the Body Mass Index (BMI [kg/m2]; 6 obese, 19 over-, 28 normal-, 4 underweight). We tested whether BMI in MS links to (i) functional connectivity (FC) between stress-reactive brain regions (showing activity differences for stress vs. rest) computed separately for the task’s rest and stress stage, (ii) T cell glucocorticoid sensitivity and (iii) salivary cortisol secretion.ResultsBMI correlated positively with MS relapse rate (t = 3.23, p = 0.003 = pFamily-Wise-Error [FWE]-corrected= 0.012, and f2= 0.22) and rest stage FC between right anterior insula and supramarginal gyrus (t = 4.02, p = 2.5 · 10−4= pFWE= 0.034, f2= 0.51) and negatively with stress stage FC between right superior parietal lobule and cerebellum exterior (t = -3.67, p = 3.3 · 10−4= pFWE= 0.045, f2= 0.30). Further, BMI was negatively associated with the expression of the co-chaperone FKBP4 on CD8+T cells (t = -2.96, p = 0.003 = pFWE= 0.024, f2= 0.13) and positively with that of FKBP5 (t = 1.83, p = 0.003 = pFWE= 0.024, f2= 0.38).ConclusionOur study shows that higher BMI in MS is linked to increased FC between key food motivation and stimulus salience regions and to reduced FC between regions critically involved in cognitive control and generation of stressful states. We further report on correlations between BMI and co-chaperones modulating immune system stress responsivity. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BMI in MS is tied to stress processing across different biological systems.
Study of an age-based Covid-19 outbreak model and the effect of demographic structure of a state on infectious disease dynamics
Authors: Basak Ayanava , Sanyal Tanmay 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, our objective was to investigate whether the Covid-19 pandemic disease is more likely to break out in some specific age group or not. We also intended to know whether some specific demographic parameters like birth rate, death rate controls the spreading of the disease. Our investigation showed that the post reproductive population group is more prone to the disease for the countries having population pyramid of stationary or contracting type where as for the countries with expanding population pyramid, the pre reproductive population is more likely to be attacked by the disease. We also found the domains of values of the demographic parameters that result different dynamic phenomena. Further we tried to know whether a country’s population pyramid has an effect in spreading the disease. Our experiment showed that for countries having expanding population pyramid, the total number of cases is expected to be comparatively low whereas for countries having contracting population pyramid, the total number of cases is expected to be comparatively high.