bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undertreatment of opioid use disorder in patients hospitalized with injection drug use associated infections
Authors: Rosenthal Elana S. , Brokus Christopher , Sun Junfeng , Carpenter Joseph E. , Catalanotti Jillian , Eaton Ellen F. , Steck Alaina R. , Kuo Irene , Burkholder Greer A. , Akselrod Hana , Mcgonigle Keanan , Moran Timothy , Mai William , Notis Melissa , Del Rio Carlos , Greenberg Alan , Saag Michael S. , Kottilil Shyamasundaran , Masur Henry , Kattakuzhy Sarah 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the association between medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) initiation and addiction consultation and outcomes for patients hospitalized with infectious complications of injecting opioids.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study

Setting:
Four academic medical centers in the United States

Participants:
322 patients hospitalized with infectious complications of injecting opioids in 2018.

Exposures:
Inpatient receipt of MOUD, initiation of MOUD, and addiction consultation

Measurements:
The main outcomes of interest were: 1) premature discharge; 2) MOUD on discharge; 3) linkage to outpatient MOUD; 4) one-year readmission; 5) death.

Results:
322 patients were predominately male (59%), white (66%), and median age 38, with 36% unstably housed, and 30% uninsured. 145 (45%) patients received MOUD during hospitalization, including only 65 (28%) patients not on baseline MOUD. Discharge was premature for 64 (20%) patients. In the year following discharge, 27 (9%) patients were linked to MOUD, and 159 (50%) patients had at least one readmission. Being on MOUD during hospitalization was significantly associated with higher odds of planned discharge (OR 3.87, P < 0.0001), MOUD on discharge (OR 129.7, P < 0.0001), and linkage to outpatient MOUD (OR 1.25, p < 0.0001), however was not associated with readmission.

Limitations:
Retrospective study. Post-discharge data are likely underestimated.

Conclusions:
There was dramatic undertreatment with MOUD from inpatient admission to outpatient linkage, and high rates of premature discharge and readmission. Engagement in addiction care during hospitalization is a critical first step in improving the care continuum for individuals with opioid use disorder, however additional interventions may be needed to impact long-term outcomes like readmission.
The application of new metrics for understanding trends in undiagnosed HIV among key populations
Authors: Gray Richard T. , Camara Hawa , Khawar Laila , Grulich Andrew , GUY Rebecca , Mcgregor Skye , Medland Nicholas 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Investigate the utility of novel metrics for understanding trends in undiagnosed HIV.

Methods:
We produced estimates for the number of people living with undiagnosed HIV and the number of new HIV infections using Australian surveillance data and the ECDC HIV modelling tool. Using these estimates, we calculated: 1) the Total Diagnosed Fraction, the proportion of all people with HIV diagnosed; 2) the Yearly Diagnosed Fraction, the proportion of people who have not yet received a diagnosis who received a diagnosis during each year; and 3) the Case Detection Rate, which is the annual ratio of new HIV diagnoses to new HIV infections each year; from 2008 to 2019. We report trends in these metrics for Australian-born and overseas-born men who reported male-to-male sex and heterosexual women and men.

Results:
Each metric for the Australian-born male-to-male sexual contact group improved consistently. In contrast, the metrics for the overseas-born group worsened (Total Diagnosed Fraction: 85.0% to 81.9%, Yearly Diagnosed Fraction: 23.1% to 17.8%, and Case Detection Rate: 0.74 to 0.63). In heterosexuals, women and men had consistent increasing trends for the Total Diagnosed Fraction and Yearly Diagnosed Fraction but with women having consistently higher estimates. Heterosexual men had a declining Case Detection Rate, falling below one in 2011, compared to an increase for women.

Conclusions:
The additional metrics provided important information on Australia's progress toward HIV elimination. The more dynamic changes in the undiagnosed population seen highlight diverging trends for key populations not seen in the Total Diagnosed Fraction.
FDG PET/CT in Dressler Syndrome
Authors: Taywade Sameer , Gupta Tanisha , Kumar Rajesh , Choudhary Rahul , Kumar Deepak 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Nuclear imaging has paramount role in the evaluation of 4I (infective, inflammatory, innervation, infiltrative) cardiac diseases. We present a case of persistent pyrexia post-percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with a history of inferior wall myocardial infarction 2 months back. Repeat coronary angiogram revealed that Right Coronary Artery (RCA) thrombus and IV antibiotics were started in suspicion of coronary stent infection. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed no hypermetabolism along RCA stent, with uptake along pericardium and inferior wall. 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion study showed perfusion defect in RCA territory corresponding to hibernating viable myocardium. Eventually patient was diagnosed with Dressler syndrome. Thus, molecular imaging helped in narrowing differentials in post cardiac intervention pyrexia and precise diagnosis.
Examination of the Novel National Institutes of Health-Supported Relative Citation Ratio, a Measure of Research Productivity, Among Academic Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Patel Parth A. , Keane Charles A. , Akhter Maheen F. , Fang Amanda Hua , Soto Edgar , Boyd Carter J. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Considerable interest has been devoted to quantifying research productivity for the purposes of academic appointment and promotion in plastic surgery. A novel bibliometric, the relative citation ratio (RCR), integrates features unavailable in prior metrics, such as the h-index, including the ability to compare researchers in distinct fields. This investigation examines the RCR in relation to established measures of academic productivity and provides the benchmark data in plastic surgery.

Methods
Online sources were queried to identify the characteristics of 955 academic plastic surgeons from 94 programs, ie, academic rank, gender, degrees, and fellowships. Bibliometric data were acquired using the iCite and Scopus databases. Comparative and correlational analyses of variables were performed.

Results
Academic plastic surgeons were exceptionally productive, with a mean RCR of 1.20 (interquartile range, 0.79–1.67) and a weighted RCR of 17.68 (interquartile range, 5.14–52.48). Increased mean RCR was significantly associated with advanced academic rank and fellowship training. Increased weighted RCR was significantly associated with advanced academic rank, male gender, PhD acquisition, publication experience, and fellowship training. The h-index was weakly correlated with mean RCR but strongly correlated with weighted RCR and publication experience.

Conclusions
The RCR was associated with established markers of academic productivity, indicating its validity as a reliable field-normalized measure for the evaluation of plastic surgery faculty. Because scholarly output is a potential factor with respect to decisions of hiring, promotion, and allocation of funding, this modality of standardized comparison is paramount for plastic surgeons who exist within a larger general surgery department.
Predictors of Recovery Expectancy in Preparation for Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery in Women With Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Doering Andrew , Hale Douglass , Hamner Jennifer , Heit Michael 
Published: June 2023

Importance
Recovery expectancy is a modifiable predictor of actual recovery after surgery. Identifying predictors of recovery expectancy will allow clinicians to preoperatively modify recovery expectancy and optimize actual recovery.

Objectives
The primary objective was to identify patient characteristics that predict a patient's recovery expectancy. The secondary objective was to validate previous research demonstrating that recovery expectancy predicted actual recovery.

Study Design
This is a prospective cohort study of women undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery. Patients completed a preoperative survey to collect data on potential sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial, including investment in life roles, predictors of recovery expectancies. Actual recovery was measured at postoperative weeks 2 and 6. Predictors of recovery expectancy were identified.

Results
Two hundred one women were recruited with 174 included in the final analysis. Variables significantly associated with recovery expectancy during bivariate analysis (P < 0.05) were education level, total prior surgical procedures, pelvic pain, back pain, bodily pain, sick role investment, optimism, satisfaction with participation in social roles, overall social support, job satisfaction, and professionalism. Sick role investment was the only independent predictor of recovery expectancy (F = 3.46, df = 13, P < 0.001). Greater sick role investment was associated with increased probability of prolonged recovery. Patients with low recovery expectancies had less actual recovery compared with patients with high recovery expectancies (P = 0.014).

Conclusions
This study confirmed prior work that recovery expectancy predicts actual recovery after reconstructive pelvic surgery and may establish recovery expectancy as a mediator between sick role investment and actual postdischarge surgical recovery.
Early Postoperative Fever and Atelectasis in Patients Undergoing Upper Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Lim Leerang , Lee Jihyuk , Hwang So Yeong , Lee Hannah , Oh Seung-Young , Kang Christine , Ryu Ho Geol 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Atelectasis is a common complication after upper abdominal surgery and considered as a cause of early postoperative fever (EPF) within 48 hours after surgery. However, the pathophysiologic mechanism how atelectasis causes fever remains unclear.

Study design:
Adult patients who underwent elective major upper abdominal surgery under general anesthesia at Seoul National University Hospital between January and December of 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome was the association between fever and atelectasis within 2 days after surgery.

Results:
Of the 1624 patients, 810 patients (49.9%) developed EPF. The incidence of atelectasis was similar between the fever group and the no fever group (51.6% vs. 53.9%, p = 0.348). Multivariate analysis showed no significant association between atelectasis and EPF. Culture tests (21.7% vs. 8.8%, p < 0.001) and prolonged use of antibiotics (25.9% vs. 13.9%, p < 0.001) were more frequent in the fever group compared to the no fever group. However, the frequency of bacterial growth on culture tests and postoperative pulmonary complications within 7 days were similar between the two groups.

Conclusion:
EPF after major upper abdominal surgery was not associated with radiologically detected atelectasis. EPF was also not associated with the increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications, bacterial growth on culture studies, or prolonged hospital length of stay.
Role of renal venous oxygen pressure for renal function monitoring after related living-donor kidney transplantation: cohort study
Authors: Escarramán-Martínez Diego , Fernández-Bravo Montserrat , Kammar-García Ashuin , Guerrero-Gutiérrez Manuel Alberto , Meza-Comparán Héctor David , Mancilla-Galindo Javier , Sánchez-Díaz Jesús Salvador , Cendejas-Ríos Emilio , Escorza-Molina Carla Adelina , Noriega-Salas Lorena , Bernaldez-Gómez Germán 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionMonitoring of renal function after kidney transplantation (KT) is performed by measuring serum creatinine (SCr), urine volumes (UV), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Other methods based on oxygen metabolism such as the renal venous oxygen pressure (PrvO2) may be useful. We aimed to explore the correlation between PrvO2and SCr, UV, and GFR five days after KT (SCr5, UV5, and GFR5, respectively).MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in adult patients scheduled for living-donor KT. A venous blood sample was taken from the renal vein after declamping the renal artery and blood gas determinations were made. Correlation analyses between PrvO2and SCr5, UV5, and GFR5, were done by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient together with generalized linear models (GLM). A Spearman correlation analysis was performed between the percentage decrease in SCr (%ΔSCr) and PrvO2. A GLM was also performed to determine the association of PrvO2with slow graft function (SGF).Results42 patients were included; 66.7% were men, and the median age was 31 years (IQR: 27-43.5). PrvO2was negatively correlated with SCr5 (ρ=-0.53, p=0.003), and positively correlated with GFR5 (ρ=0.49, p=0.001) and %ΔSCr (ρ=0.47, p=0.002). A higher PrvO2was associated with an increase in GFR in univariable (β=1.24, 95%CI: 0.56-1.93, p=0.001) and multivariable (β=1.24, 95%CI: 0.53-1.94, p=0.001) analyses. No association was found between PrvO2and SGF.ConclusionPrvO2could be used to monitor renal function in the first 5 days following related living-donor KT given its good correlation with SCr and GFR.
Automating intended target identification for paraphasias in discourse using a large language model
Authors: Salem Alexandra C. , Gale Robert C. , Fleegle Mikala , Fergadiotis Gerasimos , Bedrick Steven 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo date there are no automated tools for the identification and fine-grained classification of paraphasias within discourse, the production of which is the hallmark characteristic of most people with aphasia (PWA). In this work we fine-tune a large language model (LLM) to automatically predict paraphasia targets in Cinderella story retellings.MethodData consisted of 353 Cinderella story retellings containing 2,489 paraphasias from PWA, for which research assistants identified their intended targets. We supplemented this training data with 256 sessions from control participants, to which we added 2,427 synthetic paraphasias. We conducted four experiments using different training data configurations to fine-tune the LLM to automatically “fill in the blank” of the paraphasia with a predicted target, given the context of the rest of the story retelling. We tested the experiments’ predictions against our human-identified targets and stratified our results by ambiguity of the targets and clinical factors.ResultsThe model trained on controls and PWA achieved 46.8% accuracy at exactly matching the human-identified target. Fine-tuning on PWA data, with or without controls, led to comparable performance. The model performed better on targets with less human ambiguity, and on paraphasias from participants with less severe or fluent aphasia.ConclusionWe were able to automatically identify the intended target of paraphasias in discourse using just the surrounding language about half of the time. These findings take us a step closer to automatic aphasic discourse analysis. In future work, we will incorporate phonological information from the paraphasia to further improve predictive utility.
Concussion acutely disrupts auditory processing in Division I football student-athletes
Authors: Krizman Jennifer , Colegrove Danielle , Cunningham Jenna , Bonacina Silvia , Nicol Trent , Nerrie Matt , Kraus Nina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDiagnosis, assessment, and management of sports-related concussion requires a multi-modal approach. Yet, currently, an objective assessment of auditory processing is not included. The auditory system is uniquely complex, relying on exquisite temporal precision to integrate signals across many synapses, connected by long axons. Given this complexity and precision, together with the fact that axons are highly susceptible to damage from mechanical force, we hypothesize that auditory processing is susceptible to concussive injury. We measured the frequencyfollowing response (FFR), a scalp-recorded evoked potential that assesses processing of complex sound features, including pitch and phonetic identity. FFRs were obtained on male Division I Collegiate football players prior to contact practice to determine a pre-season baseline of auditory processing abilities, and again after sustaining a sports-related concussion. We predicted that concussion would decrease pitch and phonetic processing relative to the student-athlete’s preseason baseline. We found that pitch and phonetic encoding was smaller post-concussion. Studentathletes who sustained a second concussion showed similar declines after each injury. Auditory processing should be included in the multimodal assessment of sports-related concussion. Future studies that extend this work to other sports, other injuries (e.g., blast exposure), and to female athletes are needed.
Developing pediatric eye care program in Nepal: Insurmountable Mountains can be reduced to mole hills. The Orbis experience in Nepal
Authors: Bora Rishi Raj , Gogate Parikshit , Saravanan Saibaba , Misra Sailesh Kumar , Gurung Reeta , Sapkota Yuddha Dhoj , Adhikari Srijana , Joshi Purushottam , Pant Suresh Raj , Bachracharya Kabindra , Adhikari Hari Bikram , Gurung Govind , Singh Sanjay Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNepal straddles the Himalayas and its geography has posed challenge to delivering eye care in children. This manuscript describes the pediatric eye care facilities developed, and children examined and treated under the Orbis International’s childhood blindness initiative.MethodsBetween 2010-2017 Orbis International had supported the Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh (NNJS) and Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology (TIO) to develop pediatric eye care centers in major hospitals, along with their outreach. This manuscript looks at the impact of that intervention. Reports of Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh, Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology and Orbis International were studied, along with publications on ophthalmology from Nepal. Eight child friendly pediatric eye care centers were set-up, pediatric eye care teams were trained, an outreach program especially for children’s eye problems was designed and outcome monitoring and research promoted.ResultsBetween 2010–17 1,281,153 children had been examined by 8 pediatric eye centres (average 20,018 per hospital per year, range 10,729 –39,485) and the average outpatient per month per hospital was 1668 (range 894 - 3,290). Between 2010 – 2017, 42,430 children had been operated upon by 8 hospitals (average 663 per hospital per year, ranged from 96 – 1,465) and the average pediatric eye surgery per month per hospital was 55 (ranged from 8 to 122).In the years 2018 & 2019 (21 months) post-project, all the 8 hospitals had operated on 14,252 children (average of 1,782 per hospital, range 185 - 4438) and the average pediatric eye surgery per month per hospital was 85 (range 9 to 211). 19 publications on pediatric eye care were published in indexed journals.ConclusionOrbis childhood blindness amelioration initiative in Nepal resulted in more than a million children examined, and >50,000 children underwent eye surgeries in the 8 pediatric eye care centres and the good service continued after the project was over.
Critical thermal maxima and oxygen uptake inElysia viridis(Montagu, 1804), a sea slug capable of photosynthesis
Authors: Laetz Elise M. J. , Kahyaoglu Can , Borgstein Natascha M. , Merkx Michiel , van der Meij Sancia E. T. , Verberk Wilco C. E. P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotosynthetic animals produce oxygen internally, providing an ideal lens for studying how oxygen dynamics influence thermal sensitivity. The sea slug,Elysia viridis, can retain functional chloroplasts from its food algaBryopsis plumosafor months, but retention is limited when fedChaetomorphasp., limiting potential oxygenic benefits. We fed slugs each alga and exposed them to 17°C (their current yearly maximum temperature) and 22°C (the increase predicted for 2100), to examine plasticity in thermal tolerance and changes in oxygen uptake when fed and starving. We also examined slugs under increased illumination to examine a potential tradeoff between increased oxygen production, and a faster rate of chloroplast degradation. Following exposure to these conditions, we performed ramping trials, subjecting them to acute thermal stress to determine their thermal tolerance. We also measured oxygen uptake before and after ramping. We observed increases in thermal tolerance for specimens exposed to 22°C, indicating they acclimated to temperatures higher than they naturally experience. Fed slugs exhibited higher rates of oxygen consumption before exposure to acute thermal stress, and suppressed their oxygen uptake more after it, than starved slugs. Under higher light, slugs exhibited improved thermal tolerance, possibly because increased oxygen production alleviated host oxygen limitation. Accordingly, this advantage disappeared later in the starvation period when photosynthesis ceased due to chloroplast digestion. In conclusion,E. viridiscan suppress metabolism to cope with heat waves, however, starvation influences a slug’s thermal tolerance and oxygen uptake, so continuous access to algal food for chloroplast retention is critical when facing thermal stress.Summary StatementOxygen has been implicated in determining an ectotherm’s thermal sensitivity. Examining photosynthetic (and therefore oxygen-producing) sea slugs under various conditions helps elucidate how oxygen and other factors impact thermal tolerance.
Multi-omics data and analysis reveal the formation of key pathways of different colors inTorenia fournieriflowers
Authors: Song Jiaxing , Kong Haiming , Yang Jing , Jing Jiaxian , Li Siyu , Ma Nan , Yang Rongchen , Cao Yuman , Wang Yafang , Hu Tianming , Yang Peizhi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTorenia fournieriLind. is an ornamental plant, popular for its numerous flowers and variety of colors. However, its genomic evolution, as well as the genetic and metabolic basis of flower color formation, remain poorly understood. Here we report a chromosome-level reference genome ofT. fourniericomprising 164.4 Mb. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the phylogenetic placement of the species, and comparative genomics analysis indicated thatT. fournierishared a whole genome duplication (WGD) event withAntirrhinum majus. Through joint transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses, we characterized the differential genes and metabolites in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway in fiveT. fournierivarieties. We identified many metabolites related to pelargonidin, peonidin, and naringenin in Rose (R) color samples. On the other hand, the blue (B) and blue-violet (D) color samples contained many metabolites related to petunidin, cyanidin, quercetin, and malvidin. The formation of different flower colors inT. fournieriinvolves multiple genes and metabolites. We analyzed the results and obtained significantly different genes and metabolites related to the biosynthesis of flavonoids and anthocyanins, which are key metabolites in the formation of different flower colors. OurT. fournierigenome data provide a basis for studying the differentiation of this species and provide a valuable model genome enabling genetic studies and genomics-assisted breeding ofT. fournieri.HighlightThe genome ofTorenia fournieriwas reported for the first time, and the formation mechanism of different colors inTorenia fournieriflowers was analyzed by genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics.