bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and optimisation of hydroxyapatite-polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogel inks for 3D printing of bone tissue engineered scaffolds
Authors: Rajabi Mina , Cabral Jaydee D , Saunderson Sarah , Gould Maree , Ali M Azam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the event of excessive damage to bone tissue, the self-healing process alone is not sufficient to restore bone integrity. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, as an advanced additive manufacturing technology, can create implantable bone scaffolds with accurate geometry and internal architecture, facilitating bone regeneration. This study aims to develop and optimise hydroxyapatite-polyethylene glycol diacrylate (HA-PEGDA) hydrogel inks for extrusion 3D printing of bone tissue scaffolds. Different concentrations of HA were mixed with PEGDA, and further incorporated with pluronic F127 (PF127) as a sacrificial carrier. PF127 provided good distribution of HA nanoparticle within the scaffolds and improved the rheological requirements of HA-PEGDA inks for extrusion 3D printing without significant reduction in the HA content after its removal. Higher printing pressures and printing rates were needed to generate the same strand diameter when using a higher HA content compared to a lower HA content. Scaffolds with excellent shape fidelity up to 75-layers and high resolution (∼200 µm) with uniform strands were fabricated. Increasing the HA content enhanced the compression strength and decreased the swelling degree and degradation rate of 3D printed HA-PEGDA scaffolds. In addition, the incorporation of HA improved the adhesion and proliferation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) onto the scaffolds. 3D printed scaffolds with 2 wt% HA promoted osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs as confirmed by the expression of alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. Altogether, the developed HA-PEGDA hydrogel ink has promising potential as a scaffold material for bone tissue regeneration, with excellent shape fidelity and the ability to promote osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs.
Effects of changing climate extremes and vegetation phenology on wildlife associated with grasslands in the southwestern United States
Authors: Creech Tyler G , Williamson Matthew A , Sesnie Steven E , Rubin Esther S , Cayan Daniel R , Fleishman Erica 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Assessments of the potential responses of animal species to climate change often rely on correlations between long-term average temperature or precipitation and species’ occurrence or abundance. Such assessments do not account for the potential predictive capacity of either climate extremes and variability or the indirect effects of climate as mediated by plant phenology. By contrast, we projected responses of wildlife in desert grasslands of the southwestern United States to future climate means, extremes, and variability and changes in the timing and magnitude of primary productivity. We used historical climate data and remotely sensed phenology metrics to develop predictive models of climate-phenology relations and to project phenology given anticipated future climate. We used wildlife survey data to develop models of wildlife-climate and wildlife-phenology relations. Then, on the basis of the modeled relations between climate and phenology variables, and expectations of future climate change, we projected the occurrence or density of four species of management interest associated with these grasslands: Gambel’s Quail (Callipepla gambelii), Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamat), Gunnison’s prairie dog (Cynomys gunnisoni), and American pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). Our results illustrated that climate extremes and plant phenology may contribute more to projecting wildlife responses to climate change than climate means. Monthly climate extremes and phenology variables were influential predictors of population measures of all four species. For three species, models that included climate extremes as predictors outperformed models that did not include extremes. The most important predictors, and months in which the predictors were most relevant to wildlife occurrence or density, varied among species. Our results highlighted that spatial and temporal variability in climate, phenology, and population measures may limit the utility of climate averages-based bioclimatic niche models for informing wildlife management actions, and may suggest priorities for sustained data collection and continued analysis.
Temporal and spatial changes in hydrological wet extremes of the largest river basin on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Yuanwei , Wang Suheng , Wang Lei , Guo Xiaoyu , Zhou Jing , Chai Chenhao , Xu Jie , Li Xiangfei , Fan Mengtian , Wang Shengfeng , Zhao Lin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Global warming accelerates the rate of inter-regional hydrological cycles, leading to a significant increase in the frequency and intensity of hydrological wet extremes. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been experiencing a rapid warming and wetting trend for decades. This trend is especially strong for the upper Brahmaputra basin (UBB) in the southern TP. The UBB is the largest river on the TP, and these changes are likely to impact the water security of local and downstream inhabitants. This study explores the spatial-temporal variability of wet extremes in the UBB from 1981–2019 using a water- and energy-budget distributed hydrological model (WEB-DHM) to simulate river discharge. The simulated results were validated against observed discharge from the Ministry of Water Resources at a mid-stream location and our observations downstream. The major findings are as follows: (1) the WEB-DHM model adequately describes land-atmosphere interactions (slight underestimation of −0.26 K in simulated annual mean land surface temperature) and can accurately reproduce daily and monthly discharge (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency is 0.662 and 0.796 respectively for Nuxia station); (2) although extreme discharge generally occurs in July and is concentrated in the southeastern TP, extreme wet events in the UBB are becoming increasingly frequent (after 1998, the number of extreme days per year increased by 13% compared to before) and intense (maximum daily discharge increased with a significant trend of 444 (m3s−1) yr−1), and are occurring across a wider region; (3) Precipitation is more likely to affect the intensity and spatial distribution of wet extremes, while the air temperature is more correlated with the frequency. Our wet extreme analysis in the UBB provides valuable insight into strategies to manage regional water resources and prevent hydrological disasters.
Investigation of vertical axis wind turbine with guiding flat plates
Authors: Iliev R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The publication presents the results of the investigation of a guiding apparatus for vertical cross-flow wind turbine using modern Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The airflow through the guiding apparatus and the turbine’s runner is analyzed. The obtained results are validated on stand №7 in the Laboratory of Hydropower and Hydraulic Tyrbomachinery (HEHT Lab) at Technical University of Sofia. The location of the passive area of the runner that generates negative torque have been found.
Thermal characteristics analyses of clay bricks with wheat straw additives
Authors: Zlateva P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The production technology of the environmentally polluting baked bricks suggests that they can be replaced by bricks that are produced in an ecologically clean environment, such as the unbaked ones. In the present research work, different brick samples were made and studied, built with clay, sand and agricultural waste raw materials. With the development of the construction industry and increasing environmental requirements, research studies in the field continue to improve the thermal characteristics of the new construction materials. Thus, in the presented work bricks were made, which are a mixture of yellow clay and sand with added 5, 10, 15 and 20% wheat straw. The finished bricks are 0.35/0.08/0.17 m in size. Then, non-destructive measurements were carried out and thermal conductivity coefficient (k), specific heat capacity (Cp), thermal diffusivity (a) and density (ρ) were determined. The results of the measurements show that as the amount of wheat straw increases, the thermal characteristics of the samples improve. Finally, it is proved that the use of unbacked bricks from local clays and the utilization of binders from agricultural waste raw materials, will help to improve the energy performance of the produced environmentally friendly and economically beneficial structural building materials.
Experimental study of a pump in turbine mode, energy characteristics, selection methods and operation in a system
Authors: Stanilov Alexander , Ivanov Martin , Bekriev Ognyan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper reveals the issues related to the operation of a standard centrifugal pump in turbine mode. The features related to predicting the parameters of the pump, when operating both as a turbine and operating in a system, are considered. An experimental study of a centrifugal pump with a specific frequency NSp=34 is made. The characteristics of the machine in pump and turbine mode are determined. A comparison is made with related models for pump selection for operation in turbine mode. The deviations in the obtained results were evaluated theoretically and experimentally. The obtained results are compared with models for predicting machine parameters in turbine mode, and there are considered different cases of operation of the particular machine in a system.
Sorption comparative study of nectarine powder and flour mixtures with its participation
Authors: Vasileva A L , Durakova A G 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The current paper presented the sorption comparative study of nectarine powder and four mixtures with its participation. Four mixtures were made replacing 30% of the basic flour (white wheat, whole wheat, einkorn, and oat) with nectarine fruit powder of Bulgarian origin. Sorption characteristics were done at temperatures 10°C, 25°C, and 40°C, and the water activities (aw) in the interval 0.112 to 0.868 by the gravimetric-static method. For all compared products, augmentation in the temperature leads to a diminution in the sorption capacity. Using the statistical software “Statistica”, it was evaluated four models of Oswin, Chung-Pfost, Henderson, and Halsey. According to the obtained coefficients of each model and the criteria – P and SEM, the most appropriate model is the Halsey (for nectarine powder, white wheat, whole wheat, and einkorn mixtures). The Oswin model was suggested for the satisfactory description of the oat flour mixture with nectarine powder. The results showed that the monolayer moisture content varied in the large limits from 5.78% d.b. to 11.38% d.b. for water activities below 0.5.
Contamination of natural resources and its configuration of environmental crime in a high Andean artisanal mining, Apurimac, Perú.
Authors: Cartolin Hilda María Bernal , Felix Mario Huachaca 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The impacts of the extraction of natural resources, including mining, in Andean communities have generated pollution problems and require intervention for their configuration of environmental crimes to mitigate the impacts on high Andean communities. The purpose of the research was to describe the different indicators that determine the severity of damage to natural resources due to their configuration of environmental crime in the Andean region of Apurimac, Peru. A quantitative investigation was carried out through the historical-logical, the interview was used, with a sample of 38 legal operators specialized in cases of environmental crimes of the high Andean sector of the study area. Itfound that the factors of dangerous behavior, prolongation in time and repetitive behavior cause the intensity of the polluting act towards natural resources for their configuration of environmental damage to illegal mining companies, with negative impacts on surface water, groundwater and soil. However, acts of pollution by artisanal mining activities do not respond with responsibility, being necessary that the organs of a company will respond as mediate authors of the crime of undue propagation of pollutants only in those cases in which they have instrumentalized their subordinates by way of error or coercion. Environmental management is necessary to mitigate pollution from artisanal mining to guarantee the natural resources of indigenous peoples.
Experimentally investigation of thermoelectric materials based on Bi2Te3: Energy conversion system
Authors: Nabieva S.A. , Sadig Kh.O. , Eminova V.I. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The studied thermoelectric materials based on Bi2Te3 attracted researches attention, due to thermoelectric properties allow direct conversion between thermal and electrical energy. In this work, we examined the (0001) surfaces for investigated AV
2BVI
3 crystals before and after irradiation implementing the AFM method. We have been studied the fractality of formed nano-objects and resulting in the formation of nanoislands on different scales.
Numerical simulation of flow past an 8:1 oscillating rectangular cylinder at Re = 22 000
Authors: Wu Jian , Liu YaKun , Zhang Di , Cao Ze 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To investigate the influence of structure’s oscillatory motion on flow, the present study employs the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method in k–ω shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model to simulate the flow past an oscillating rectangular cylinder at Re= 22 000. The cylinder undergoes reciprocating sinusoidal motion at a specified frequency f
e, and the frequency ratio fr (defined as the ratio of cylinder oscillation frequency f
e to the stationary cylinder vortex shedding frequency f
0), ranges from 0 to 4. The results demonstrate that, in the synchronization region (0.8 ⩽ fr⩽ 1.2), the drag coefficient shows the most notable variation and reaches its maxima at fr= 1.1 and the root mean square (r.m.s.) of the lift coefficient is proportional to the square of fr (

C
l
′

=
1.08
∗

f
r

2

, R
2 = 0.99). Moreover, the present study compares the similarities and differences of vortex shedding morphology between stationary and oscillating cylinders. With the increase of fr, the wake vortex gradually transforms from a single-row arrangement on the wake centerline to a parallel double-row arrangement, with the main vortex modes in the wake region observed as ‘2S’, ‘P + S’, ‘2P’ and ‘C’. Furthermore, spectral analysis, including amplitude spectrum analysis and wavelet analysis, in addition to probability density function statistical methods, are employed to comprehensively understand the velocity characteristics of the wake region. The results indicate that the oscillation of the cylinder reduces the correlation of the wake velocity. Those are beneficial in understanding the interaction between turbulence and structural fluid-induced motion.
Leveraging Electronic Health Records to Construct a Phenotype for Hypertension Surveillance in the United States
Authors: He Siran , Park Soyoun , Kuklina Elena , Therrien Nicole L , Lundeen Elizabeth A , Wall Hilary K , Lampley Katrice , Kompaniyets Lyudmyla , Pierce Samantha L , Sperling Laurence , Jackson Sandra L 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Electronic health records (EHRs) may augment chronic disease surveillance. We aimed to develop an electronic phenotype (e-phenotype) for hypertension surveillance.

METHODS
We included 11,031,368 eligible adults from the 2019 IQVIA Ambulatory Electronic Medical Records-US (AEMR-US) dataset. We identified hypertension using three criteria, alone or in combination: diagnosis codes, blood pressure (BP) measurements, and antihypertensive medications. We compared AEMR-US estimates of hypertension prevalence and control against those from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–18, which defined hypertension as BP ≥130/80 mm Hg or ≥1 antihypertensive medication.

RESULTS
The study population had a mean (SD) age of 52.3 (6.7) years, and 56.7% were women. The selected three-criteria e-phenotype (≥1 diagnosis code, ≥2 BP measurements of ≥130/80 mm Hg, or ≥1 antihypertensive medication) yielded similar trends in hypertension prevalence as NHANES: 42.2% (AEMR-US) vs. 44.9% (NHANES) overall, 39.0% vs. 38.7% among women, and 46.5% vs. 50.9% among men. The pattern of age-related increase in hypertension prevalence was similar between AEMR-US and NHANES. The prevalence of hypertension control in AEMR-US was 31.5% using the three-criteria e-phenotype, which was higher than NHANES (14.5%).

CONCLUSIONS
Using an EHR dataset of 11 million adults, we constructed a hypertension e-phenotype using three criteria, which can be used for surveillance of hypertension prevalence and control.
Melica as an emerging model system for comparative studies in temperate Pooideae grasses
Authors: Khodaverdi Masoumeh , Mullinger Mark D , Shafer Hannah R , Preston Jill C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Pooideae grasses contain some of the world’s most important crop and forage species. Although much work has been conducted on understanding the genetic basis of trait diversification within a few annual Pooideae, comparative studies at the subfamily level are limited by a lack of perennial models outside ‘core’ Pooideae. We argue for development of the perennial non-core genus Melica as an additional model for Pooideae, and provide foundational data regarding the group’s biogeography and history of character evolution.

Methods
Supplementing available ITS and ndhF sequence data, we built a preliminary Bayesian-based Melica phylogeny, and used it to understand how the genus has diversified in relation to geography, climate and trait variation surveyed from various floras. We also determine biomass accumulation under controlled conditions for Melica species collected across different latitudes and compare inflorescence development across two taxa for which whole genome data are forthcoming.

Key Results
Our phylogenetic analyses reveal three strongly supported geographically structured Melica clades that are distinct from previously hypothesized subtribes. Despite less geographical affinity between clades, the two sister ‘Ciliata’ and ‘Imperfecta’ clades segregate from the more phylogenetically distant ‘Nutans’ clade in thermal climate variables and precipitation seasonality, with the ‘Imperfecta’ clade showing the highest levels of trait variation. Growth rates across Melica are positively correlated with latitude of origin. Variation in inflorescence morphology appears to be explained largely through differences in secondary branch distance, phyllotaxy and number of spikelets per secondary branch.

Conclusions
The data presented here and in previous studies suggest that Melica possesses many of the necessary features to be developed as an additional model for Pooideae grasses, including a relatively fast generation time, perenniality, and interesting variation in physiology and morphology. The next step will be to generate a genome-based phylogeny and transformation tools for functional analyses.
The Piano Man: A Case Report of Anterior Thalamic Infarct with Dementia and Preserved Music Ability
Authors: Parker Ashleigh F , Paterson Theone S E , Goranson Tamara , Gawryluk Jodie R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
The thalamus is the integrative hub of the brain with reciprocal connections throughout the cortex. This case report describes a right-handed 81-year-old male patient who experienced sudden onset cognitive impairment following a focal left anterior thalamic infarct.

Methods
With consent/assent, the patient was seen for a short neuropsychological assessment 6 weeks post stroke. Neuropsychological assessment included review of medical history, collateral intake, the Toronto Cognitive Assessment, Frontal Systems Behavior Scale-Family Rating Form, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, and piano performance.

Results
The assessment revealed impaired performance on measures of orientation, memory, executive function, and language, as well as symptoms including hallucinations, apathy, and hypersomnolence, consistent with thalamic dementia. Remarkably, in this context, the patient maintained an ability to play piano and read music.

Conclusions
The case has implications for understanding the complex integrative functions of the thalamus, including how profound impairment can simultaneously present with cognitive strengths that may not be captured by performance on neuropsychological testing. This case also suggests that magnetic resonance imaging may be indicated in cases presenting with vascular risk factors and sudden onset cognitive impairment, given that computed tomography may not be sensitive to small subcortical infarcts.
Phenotypic plasticity over genetic diversity: ecomorphological patterns revealed in the eurytopic and threatened Italian endemic freshwater fishSarmarutilus rubilio(Bonaparte, 1837)
Authors: Petrosino Gerardo , Rossi Anna Rita , Tancioni Lorenzo , Gallozzi Francesco , Colangelo Paolo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe large number of cryptic species and extensive intraspecific phenotypic plasticity among freshwater fishes pose a challenge to the correct assessment of diversity within these taxa, which is crucial for their conservation. Recently, three different genetic lineages have been identified within the Italian endemic South European roach Sarmarutilus rubilio, a threatened species with a broad ecological niche. Using geometric morphometrics, we tested the existence of morphological differences associated with genetic common ancestry (i.e. between lineages) and/or environmental parameters. We observed streamlined body shapes in sites scarcely altered by human intervention and with fast water flow; on the contrary, we observed deeper body shapes in canals and in one reservoir with slow/still water flow. Our results suggest that morphological diversity in the South European roach is mainly a result of phenotypic plasticity in response to different environmental drivers (i.e. lotic vs. lentic hydrodynamic patterns) rather than different genetic backgrounds.
Elastic vipers: reproducing snakes adjust their size and internal volume to accommodate their developing offspring
Authors: Lourdais Olivier , Dupoué Andréaz , Legentihomme Jérôme , Bonnet Xavier , Shine Richard , Guiller Gaëtan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In many taxa, natural selection favours the ability of a female to accommodate a clutch or litter that is very large relative to her own body, placing a selective premium on traits that increase available abdominal space relative to litter volume. Flexible changes during pregnancy might help to mitigate these constraints. Using ultrasound scanning of captive snakes and snakes captured in the field, we explored such traits in reproducing female vipers (Vipera aspis). First, the anteriormost embryos moved forwards as they swelled during pregnancy, taking up space previously occupied by maternal viscera. Second, the oviductal membrane-bound packages containing embryos changed shape to fit flexibly into thicker vs. thinner parts of the mother’s body. Third, intervertebral spaces increased during pregnancy, allowing the mother’s body to lengthen. Maternal size elongation during pregnancy was reversed shortly after parturition. The decrease in size was closely related to the degree of abdominal displacement and reproductive output and was also evident in field-collected females of three European snakes. In summary, our data suggest that elasticity of the mother’s body and flexibility in packaging of the offspring can mitigate abdominal constraints on maximal litter volume and space competition among siblings.