bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buried graphene heterostructures for electrostatic doping of low-dimensional materials
Authors: Gumprich A , Liedtke J , Beck S , Chirca I , Potočnik T , Alexander-Webber J A , Hofmann S , Tappertzhofen S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The fabrication and characterization of steep slope transistor devices based on low-dimensional materials requires precise electrostatic doping profiles with steep spatial gradients in order to maintain maximum control over the channel. In this proof-of-concept study we present a versatile graphene heterostructure platform with three buried individually addressable gate electrodes. The platform is based on a vertical stack of embedded titanium and graphene separated by an intermediate oxide to provide an almost planar surface. We demonstrate the functionality and advantages of the platform by exploring transfer and output characteristics at different temperatures of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors with different electrostatic doping configurations. Furthermore, we back up the concept with finite element simulations to investigate the surface potential. The presented heterostructure is an ideal platform for analysis of electrostatic doping of low-dimensional materials for novel low-power transistor devices.
A multi-objective based radiomics feature selection method for response prediction following radiotherapy
Authors: Pan XiaoYing , Liu Chen , Feng TianHao , Qi X Sharon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. Radiomics contains a large amount of mineable information extracted from medical images, which has important significance in treatment response prediction for personalized treatment. Radiomics analyses generally involve high dimensions and redundant features, feature selection is essential for construction of prediction models. Approach. We proposed a novel multi-objective based radiomics feature selection method (MRMOPSO), where the number of features, sensitivity, and specificity are jointly considered as optimization objectives in feature selection. The MRMOPSO innovated in the following three aspects: (1) Fisher score to initialize the population to speed up the convergence; (2) Min-redundancy particle generation operations to reduce the redundancy between radiomics features, a truncation strategy was introduced to further reduce the number of features effectively; (3) Particle selection operations guided by elitism strategies to improve local search ability of the algorithm. We evaluated the effectiveness of the MRMOPSO by using a multi-institution oropharyngeal cancer dataset from The Cancer Imaging Archive. 357 patients were used for model training and cross validation, an additional 64 patients were used for evaluation. Main results. The area under the curve (AUC) of our method achieved AUCs of 0.82 and 0.84 for cross validation and independent dataset, respectively. Compared with classical feature selection methods, the AUC of MRMOPSO is significantly higher than the Lasso (AUC = 0.74, p-value = 0.02), minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance criterion (mRMR) (AUC = 0.73, p-value = 0.05), F-score (AUC = 0.48, p-value < 0.01), and mutual information (AUC = 0.69, p-value < 0.01) methods. Compared to single-objective methods, the AUC of MRMOPSO is 12% higher than those of the genetic algorithm (GA) (AUC = 0.68, p-value = 0.02) and particle swarm optimization algorithm (AUC = 0.72, p-value = 0.05) methods. Compared to other multi-objective feature selection methods, the AUC of MRMOPSO is 14% higher than those of multiple objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) (AUC = 0.68, p-value = 0.02) and nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA2) (AUC = 0.70, p-value = 0.03). Significance. We proposed a multi-objective based radiomics feature selection method. Compared to conventional feature reduction algorithms, the proposed algorithm effectively reduced feature dimension, and achieved superior performance, with improved sensitivity and specificity, for response prediction in radiotherapy.
Voltage control of the quantum scattering time in InAs/GaSb/InAs trilayer quantum wells
Authors: Meyer M , Schmid S , Jabeen F , Bastard G , Hartmann F , Höfling S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study the evolution of the quantum scattering time by gate voltage training in the topological insulator (TI) based on InAs/GaSb/InAs trilayer quantum wells. Depending on the minimal gate voltage applied during a gate voltage sweep cycle, the quantum scattering time can be improved by 50% from 0.08 ps to 0.12 ps albeit the transport scattering time is rather constant around 1.0 ps. The ratio of the quantum scattering time versus transport scattering time scales linearly with the charge carrier density and varies from 10 to 30, indicating Coulombic scattering as the dominant scattering mechanism. Our findings may enable to improve bulk and edge properties of TIs based on InAs/GaSb quantum well heterostructures solely by means of an electric field rather than temperature which opens the paths towards their application for macroscopic devices.
A spin–orbit scattering–enhanced high upper critical field at the LaAlO3/KTaO3(111) superconducting interface
Authors: Zhang Zitao , Jiang Weimin , Shao Tingna , Qiao Yujie , Chen Xingyu , Zhao Qiang , Chen Meihui , Dou Ruifen , Xiong Changmin , Nie Jiacai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Spin–orbit interaction is essential to enhance the in-plane upper critical field of two-dimensional superconductors. Here, we report the LaAlO3/KTaO3 (111) superconducting interface (T
c,0 ≈ 0.475 K) with a high in-plane upper critical field (∼1.6 T), which is approximately 1.8 times the Pauli paramagnetic limit. The H

−

T superconducting phase diagram is well-fitted by the Klemm–Luther–Beasley (KLB) theory, and the relevant spin–orbit scattering (SOS) length is approximately 32 nm. Furthermore, normal-state magnetotransport measurements show signatures of weak antilocalization caused by strong spin–orbit coupling in LaAlO3/KTaO3 (111). The spin diffusion length derived from magnetotransport measurements was 40 nm at 2 K, which is comparable with the SOS length. The conformity of the phase diagram with the KLB theory and the consistency of normal state spin diffusion length and superconducting SOS length indicate that the high in-plane upper critical field at the LaAlO3/KTaO3 (111) superconducting interface is enhanced by SOS.
Flexible organic solar cell to power modern cardiac pacemakers: Versatile for all age groups, skin types and genders
Authors: Chamola Paritosh , Mittal Poornima 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Bio-medical electronic components execute an vital part in medical services. Powering these devices is a task. Thus, the biomedical electronic devices which are able to self-harvest and store power are in huge demand. Present pacemakers are powered by batteries which have limited volume for energy packing and are compulsory to be changed. This needs a surgical intervention and is costly, with attachment of complications and risk. The objective of this paper is to validate if a subdermal PPV-PCBM [poly (2-methoxy-5-{3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy}-p-phenylene vinylene) and {6,6}-phenyl C61—butyric acid methyl ester] active layer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photo-voltaic (OPV) device could power a cardiac pacemaker. Power yield of 0.05 milliWatts (mW), 0.45 milliWatts & 2.1 milliWatts for African, Asian & Caucasian skin tones are gained at 2-millimeter implementation depth, acceptable to operate cardiac pacemaker demanding approximate power of 10 microWatts. Additionally, results correspondingly display higher output power is generated if the skin is thinner and brighter.
Rate coefficients for vibrational-translational transition processes of NO and CO from efficient forced harmonic oscillator model
Authors: Xie Meng , Cheng XinLu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The rate coefficients of the vibrational-translational (V-T) process for NO-NO and CO-CO gas collisions are studied by the forced oscillator model. The most suitable potential parameters α for the Lennard-Jones(L-J) potential is obtained. The appropriate spatial influence factor is optimized by calculating the collision probability. Under the Bessel approximation, we use the more accurate methods Rydberg–Klynning–Rees (RKR) and Variational Algebraic Method (VAM) to calculate the vibration level energy. The accuracy of forced harmonic oscillator(FHO) transition probability is improved, especially at high vibrational quantum numbers. These methods provide some new reliable data on collision rate coefficients for the gas collision of NO-NO and CO-CO. Especially, for collisions at higher temperatures and higher vibration quantum numbers.
Broadband carbon-based all-dielectric metamaterial absorber enhanced by high-contrast gratings based spoof surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Guo Mengchao , Wang Xiaokun , Zhuang Haiyan , Tang Dongming , Zhang Baoshan , Yang Yi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, high-contrast gratings based spoof surface plasmon polaritons (HCG-based SSPPs), as a new mechanism of all-dielectric metamaterial absorbers (ADMMAs), are used to enhance their bandwidth. Accordingly, a broadband ADMMA is designed with carbon black composite. It consists of a cylinder array structure which is made of this composite. The simulation results show that broadband absorption is realized from 6.1 GHz to 18 GHz with three absorption peaks under a total thickness of 3.9 mm. The first peak is attributed to HCG-based SSPPs, while the other two are attributed to diffraction effects. The improved impedance matching characteristic in a wide band also makes an important contribution. The experimental results are agreed roughly with the simulation results. In addition, the structure designed is not a standard HCG, indicating that HCG-based SSPPs are expected to become universal mechanism of ADMMAs. It is believed that this work will push forward further studies on more applications of HCG-based SSPPs in ADMMAs.
Tunneling potential actions from canonical transformations
Authors: Espinosa José R. , Jinno Ryusuke , Konstandin Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A new formulation for obtaining the tunneling action for vacuum decay based on the so-called tunneling potential was developed recently. In the original derivation, the new action
was obtained by requiring that its variation led to the correct equations of motion and the same value for the action as evaluated on the Euclidean bounce. We present an alternative derivation of the tunneling potential action via canonical transformations. We discuss both single-field and multi-field cases as well as the case with gravity. We also comment on the possible application of the new approach to the calculation of the functional determinant prefactor in the tunneling rate.
Black holes in dRGT massive gravity with the signature of EHT observations of M87*
Authors: Hendi S.H. , Jafarzade Kh. , Eslam Panah B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The recent Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the M87* have led to a surge of
interest in studying the shadow of black holes. Besides, investigation of time evolution and
lifetime of black holes helps us to veto/restrict some theoretical models in gravitating
systems. Motivated by such exciting properties, we study optical features of black holes, such as
the shadow geometrical shape and the energy emission rate in modified gravity. We consider a
charged AdS black hole in dRGT massive gravity and look for criteria to restrict the free
parameters of the theory. The main goal of this paper is to compare the shadow of the mentioned
black hole in a rotating case with the EHT data to obtain the allowed regions of the model
parameters. Therefore, we employ the Newman-Janis algorithm to build the rotating counterpart of
static solution in dRGT massive gravity. We also calculate the energy emission rate for the
rotating case and discuss how the rotation factor and other parameters affect the emission of
particles around the black holes.
Synchronization dynamics of phase oscillators with generic adaptive coupling
Authors: Jin Xin , Wu Yong-Gang , Lü Hua-Ping , Xu Can 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Adaptive coupling schemes among interacting elements are ubiquitous in real systems ranging from physics and chemistry to neuroscience and have attracted much attention in recent years. Here, we extend the Kuramoto model by considering a particular adaptive scheme in a system of globally coupled oscillators. The homogeneous coupling is correlated with the global coherence of the population that is weighted by the generic nonlinear feedback function of the amplitude of the order parameter. The studied model is analytically tractable that generalizes the theory of Kuramoto for synchronization transition. We develop a mean-field theory by establishing the self-consistent equation describing the stationary dynamics in the thermodynamic limit. Importantly, the Landau damping effect, which turns out to be far more generic, is revealed in the framework of the linear stability analysis of the resonant pole theory. Furthermore, the relaxation rate of the order parameter in the subcritical region is obtained from a universal formula. Our study can deepen the understanding of synchronization transitions and other related collective dynamics in networked oscillators with adaptive interaction schemes.
Rating by detection: an artifact detection protocol for rating EEG quality with average event duration
Authors: Wȩsierski Daniel , Rufuie Mehrdad Rahimzadeh , Milczarek Olga , Ziembla Wojciech , Ogniewski Paweł , Kołodziejak Anna , Niedbalski Paweł 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. Quantitative evaluation protocols are critical for the development of algorithms that remove artifacts from real electroencephalography (EEG) optimally. However, visually inspecting the real EEG to select the top-performing artifact removal pipeline is infeasible while hand-crafted EEG data allow assessing artifact removal configurations only in a simulated environment. This study proposes a novel, principled approach for quantitatively evaluating algorithmically corrected EEG without access to ground truth in real-world conditions. Approach. Our offline evaluation protocol uses a detector to score the presence of artifacts. It computes their average duration, which measures the recovered EEG’s deviation from the modeled background activity with a single score. As we expect the detector to make generalization errors, we employ a generic and configurable Wiener-based artifact removal method to validate the reliability of our detection protocol. Main results. Quantitative experiments extensively compare many Wiener filters and show their consistent rankings agree with their theoretical assumptions and expectations. Significance. The rating-by-detection protocol with the average event duration measure should be of value for EEG practitioners and developers. After removing artifacts from real EEG, the protocol experimentally shows that reliable comparisons between many artifact filtering configurations are possible despite the missing ground-truth neural signals.
The NEWS-G detector at SNOLAB
Authors: Balogh L. , Beaufort C. , Brossard A. , Caron J.-F. , Chapellier M. , Coquillat J.-M. , Corcoran E.C. , Crawford S. , Dastgheibi-Fard A. , Deng Y. , Dering K. , Durnford D. , Garrah C. , Gerbier G. , Giomataris I. , Giroux G. , Gorel P. , Gros M. , Gros P. , Guillaudin O. , Hoppe E.W. , Katsioulas I. , Kelly F. , Knights P. , Langrock S. , Lautridou P. , Manthos I. , Martin R.D. , Matthews J. , Mols J.-P. , Muraz J.F. , Neep T. , Nikolopoulos K. , O'Brien P. , Piro M.C. , Rowe N. , Santos D. , Samuleev P. , Savvidis G. , Savvidis I. , Vazquez de Sola Fernandez F. , Vidal M. , Ward R. , Zampaolo M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The New Experiments With Spheres-Gas (NEWS-G) collaboration
intends to achieve sub-GeV/c2 Weakly Interacting
Massive Particles (WIMPs) detection using Spherical Proportional
Counters (SPCs). SPCs are gaseous detectors relying on ionisation
with a single ionization electron energy threshold. The latest
generation of SPC for direct dark matter searches has been installed
at SNOLAB in Canada in 2021. This article details the different
processes involved in the fabrication of the NEWS-G experiment. Also
outlined in this paper are the mitigation strategies, measurements
of radioactivity of the different components, and estimations of
induced background event rates that were used to quantify and
address detector backgrounds.
Outcome determinism in measurement-based quantum computation with qudits
Authors: Booth Robert I , Kissinger Aleks , Markham Damian , Meignant Clément , Perdrix Simon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC), computation is carried out by a sequence of measurements and corrections on an entangled state. Flow, and related concepts, are powerful techniques for characterising the dependence of the corrections on previous measurement outcomes. We introduce flow-based methods for MBQC with qudit graph states, which we call

Z

d

-flow, when the local dimension is an odd prime. Our main results are a proof that

Z

d

-flow is a necessary and sufficient condition for a strong form of outcome determinism. Along the way, we find a suitable generalisation of the concept of measurement planes to this setting and characterise the allowed measurements in a qudit MBQC. We also provide a polynomial-time algorithm for finding an optimal

Z

d

-flow whenever one exists.
First-principles calculation and experimental study on the effect of rare earth Ce and Nd on the corrosion behavior of Mg alloys
Authors: Liu Xiaolian , Jia Ruiling , Fu Xiaoyu , Cheng Wenhua , Zhang Huixia , Zhao Erjun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, the influence mechanism of rare earth elements Ce and Nd on the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy was studied by combining experimental characterization with the first-principles calculation. The changes of work function and surface energy of the rare Earth phase and matrix phase in binary rare Earth Mg alloys Mg-0.3%Ce and Mg-0.3%Nd. In addition, the electronic properties of the second rare Earth phase and matrix phase, and the correlation between the interface energy of the second rare Earth phase and matrix and the corrosion behavior of Mg alloys were investigated. The experimental results show that Mg12Ce and Mg12Nd as the second phases of Mg-0.3%Ce and Mg-0.3%Nd, respectively, have not obvious roles in the galvanic corrosion of the alloys. The corrosion morphology of the two alloys is similar, the matrix undergoes filamentary corrosion through the grain to a large area. The results of the first-principles calculation show that the binding energy of the rare Earth phase is higher than that of the matrix phase, this implied the addition of light rare Earth elements Ce and Nd can improve the stability of the second phase. The work function of different surfaces of the second phase is similar to that of the matrix phase, so limited effect of the rare Earth phase on corrosion behavior has been found. In addition, the addition of rare Earth Ce and Nd will decrease the surface stability of Mg matrix, this result reaffirms the higher corrosion rates of Mg-0.3%Ce and Mg-0.3%Nd over that of the pure Mg.
Effectiveness of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor loaded nanoparticles in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Uğurlu Nagihan , Erdal Ebru , Malekghasemi Soheil , Demirbilek Murat 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Diabetic Retinopathy (DRP) is a disease consisting of all the structural and functional changes that develop in the retinal layer of the eye due to diabetes. DRP is the most important cause of blindness between the ages of 20–74 in the world, and the most successful standard treatment option in the treatment of DRP is intravitreal injections. To synthesize acetazolamide loaded nanoparticles to be applied intravitreal treatment of DRP and to examine the in vitro efficacy of the nanoparticles. ACZ loaded PHBV nanoparticles (PHBV-ACZ NPs) formulations were prepared. Nanoparticles with a particle size of 253.20 ± 0.55 nm. A DRP model was established and characterized in HRMEC cells. The effect of the nanoparticles on permeability has been investigated and carrier proteins in BRB due to the development of DRP has been investigated. To establish the in vitro DRP model, HRMEC was stimulated with Recombinant human 165 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), thereby temporarily reducing the expression levels of endothelial junction proteins, increasing the number of intercellular spaces in the monolayers of HRMECs. It was determined that after the cells were exposed to Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI) loaded nanoparticles, permeability decreased and protein expression increased.
Deformable registration with intensity correction for CESM monitoring response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Jailin Clément , Milioni De Carvalho Pablo , Mohamed Sara , Vancamberg Laurence , Amr Farouk Ibrahim Moustafa , Gomaa Mohammed Mohammed , Kamal Rasha Mohammed , Muller Serge 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a robust longitudinal registration method for Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography in monitoring neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Because breast texture intensity changes with the treatment, a non-rigid registration procedure with local intensity compensations is developed. The approach allows registering the low energy images of the exams acquired before and after the chemotherapy. The measured motion is then applied to the corresponding recombined images. The difference of registered images, called residual, makes vanishing the breast texture that did not changed between the two exams. Consequently, this registered residual allows identifying local density and iodine changes, especially in the lesion area. The method is validated with a synthetic NAC case where ground truths are available. Then the procedure is applied to 51 patients with 208 CESM image pairs acquired before and after the chemotherapy treatment. The proposed registration converged in all 208 cases. The intensity-compensated registration approach is evaluated with different mathematical metrics and through the repositioning of clinical landmarks (RMSE: 5.9 mm) and outperforms state-of-the-art registration techniques.
Cobalt atoms anchored on nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres for efficient electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction to H2O2
Authors: Huang Xiao , Zhang Jingjing , Luo Guanyu , Wang Deli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a promising alternative to the costly anthraquinone method. However, the sluggish kinetics of ORR on most electrocatalysts restricts its wide application. Therefore, exploring electrocatalysts with high activity and selectivity for two–electron ORR is significant. Herein, cobalt atoms anchored on nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres (Co–NHCS) are presented for H2O2 electrosynthesis. The Co–NHCS catalyst exhibits excellent H2O2 electrosynthesis performance in acidic media with high reactivity with an ORR potential of 0.581 V at 1.0 mA cm−2 and H2O2 selectivity up to 90%. Moreover, the H2O2 output in the assembled device reaches 2980 mg l−1 h−1 with high Faraday efficiency. The enhanced performance of Co–NHCS originates from the hollow structure and center sites of Co introduction. This work affords a facile strategy for the fabrication of high-efficient carbon-based materials for H2O2 electrosynthesis.