bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Strategy for the Effectiveness of Diving Ecotourism Management in the Conservation Area of the Dampier Strait Waters, Raja Ampat
Authors: Kaber Yuanike , Yulianda Fredinan , Bengen Dietriech G. , Dahuri Rokhmin , Souhoka Jemmy 
Published: April 2023

Study of ecological carrying capacity had been done to design the management strategy of the effective utilization of ecotourism diving spots in Raja Ampat. The research was conducted at the utilization zones of the Dampier Strait marine protected area, Raja Ampat between November 2016 and May 2017. The data of this research consist of primary data and secondary data. The secondary data collected and compiled from the scientific journal, report, and the other source which is related with the objectives of this research. Data collection of the coral reef ecosystems was collected at 10 diving spots by using LIT (Line Intercept Transect) and the data of coral fish was collected by using UVC (Underwater Visual Census). The secondary data was compiled from various sources. The result of the suitability matrix of marine ecotourism for diving category analysis found that these areas were under the category of very suitable area (S1) i.e Five Rock, Melissa Garden, Lolosi Reef and Cape Kri. The areas which are under category of suitable (S2) were found in the Friwen Bonda, the Urun Island, the Wai Island, the Dayan Island, and the Cape of Raspapir and the Yensawai Coast. The carrying capacity of divers for diving ecotourism were found to be 1 834 divers/day. The analyzed number of divers for the utilization of the carrying capacity area has shown 183 divers/day, and 38 559 divers/year. The allocation for the utilization of the diving ecotourism area is proposed 50:50 for foreign tourists and domestic tourists. The total local revenue from the entrance fee to enter the Dampier Strait waters conservation area per day from foreign tourists is Rp917 000 000 whereas from the domestic tourists Rp458 500 000. The strategy of the effectiveness of dive spots utilizes marine ecotourism can be done by arranged distribution of divers according to the certification records.
Hematological Indices of Experimental Rats Fed with Rat Chow Fortified with Processed Breadfruits
Authors: Ezeigwe Obiajulu Christian , Okwuenu Gift Nonso , Ani Onuabuchi Nnenna 
Published: April 2023

Background: The abundance of nutrients, vitamins, and fiber in breadfruit has been documented in many literature studies that can hardly be exhausted and are consumed majorly by the Igbos and other southern parts of Nigeria to ameliorate hunger.
Aim: This study however was aimed at determining the effect of feeds fortified with grilled, preboiled, and cooked breadfruit on hematological indices of wistar rats.
Methods: Hematological parameters were determined using an automated hematology analyzer (Mindray-BC-5300). The parameters analyzed include Hemoglobin (HGB), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Red Blood Cells (RBC), Platelets (PLT), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cells (WBC), Neutrophils (NEUT), Lymphocytes (LYMPH), Monocytes (MON), Eosinophils (EOS) and Basophils (BAS).
Results: The result from the experiment indicated that all fortified groups showed no significant increase or decrease (p>0.05) in their HGB, PCV, RBC, PLT, MCV, MCH and MCHC when compared with their respective controls. The white blood cell, neutrophil and eosinophil concentrations of the experimental rats significantly increased (p<0.05) compared with the normal control group. A significant decrease (p<0.05) was observed in the lymphocyte and basophil concentration. The monocyte levels of the experimental rats showed a non-significant increase or decrease (p>0.05) in all the groups with respect to the normal control.
Conclusion: It may however be safe to infer that fortification of feed with breadfruit has no negative effect on the physiological status of the experimental animals as all the hematological parameters remained within range.
Circulation of Rotavirus Genotypes and their Distribution among Vaccinated and Non-vaccinated Children in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Balarabe-Musa Binta 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Nigeria had planned to introduce the rotavirus vaccine in the National Immunisation Programme in 2014 but this has yet to be done. Nigeria has the continent’s highest mortality due to diarrhoeal diseases with little information on specific prevalent genotypes. The main objectives of the study were to identify the predominant rotavirus genotypes and to examine the effects of existing local vaccination programmes on prevailing rotavirus genotypes and on preventing rotavirus diarrhoea.
Methodology: A one-year prospective descriptive study of children under 5 with acute diarrhoea was conducted from September 2012 to August 2013. Children with acute diarrhoea attending three government hospitals and one private hospital were recruited. Children without diarrhoea were also recruited as a control group. Rotavirus ELISA and RNA extraction were done with commercially available kits and positive samples were subjected to RT-PCR and electrophoresis to determine VP7 (G) and VP4 (P) genotypes.
Results: Stool samples were collected from 1240 (93.3%) participants, of whom 957 (77.0%) were ambulatory, 123 (9.9%) hospitalised and 160 (12.8%) controls without diarrhoea. Rotavirus-ELISA was positive among 123 (11.4%) children with diarrhoea. The predominant VP7 genotypes were G2 (n=33, 26.4%) followed by G9 (n=24, 19.2). The main VP4 (P) genotypes included P [4] (n=45, 36.0%) followed by P [6] (n=40, 32.0%). The predominant genotype combinations found were G2 P [4] (n=21, 16.8%), G3 P [6] and G1 P [6] (each n=16, 12.8%), and G12 P [8] (n=15, 12.0%). Very few mixed infections were found in only one government hospital 4 (6.4%). Among 94 unvaccinated children with rotavirus isolates that were genotyped, G2 P [4] (n=19, 20.2%) and G1 P [6] (n=16, 17.0%) were predominant. Among 12 vaccinated children, 2 isolates each (16.6%) were found of G3 P [6], G9 P [4], G12 P [8] and G2 P [NT] with no G1 isolates.
Conclusion: The emergence of new genotypes such as G 12 P [8] found in this study emphasizes the need for continued prospective monitoring of rotavirus at the molecular level to detect new threats to vaccine programmes in future.
Fisheries and Biology of Otolithes ruber (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Catch of Small-scale Fisherfolk in San Miguel Bay, Philippines
Authors: Bergonio Emerson L. 
Published: April 2023

Otolithesruber (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) is one of the major fish catches in San Miguel Bay and its processing is a seasonal livelihood among coastal villages. This study documented and described the O. ruber catch of small-scale fisherfolks around the Bay through on-board survey and observation. Fishing trips from 10 September to 19 November 2018 demonstrated that fisherfolks used bottom-set gill nets and commonly explored the middle to the mouth of the Bay off Mercedes and Siruma to catch O. ruber and other species. The analysis of 434 composite fish samples bought from the fishing trips identified 222 female and 212 male fish individuals with TL of 19.14 + 0.11 cm and body weight of 70.76 + 1.46 g. The majority were already mature to spawning stages and gonads had no apparent lesions. The population’s reproductive capacity, based on the presence of numerous spermatocytes and oocytes, was presumed to be realized, but this may fail due to uncontrolled illegal fishing.
Association of Loneliness With the Incidence of Disability in Older Adults With Hearing Impairment in Japan
Authors: Tomida Kouki , Lee Sangyoon , Makino Keitaro , Katayama Osamu , Harada Kenji , Morikawa Masanori , Yamaguchi Ryo , Nishijima Chiharu , Fujii Kazuya , Misu Yuka , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceLoneliness is suggested to negatively affect physical and mental health and influence the development of disability; however, a consensus on the relationship between loneliness and disability has not been reached. Age-related hearing impairment worsens the daily-life activities of older adults, and the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability may be influenced by hearing impairment.ObjectiveTo examine the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability among older adults stratified by hearing impairment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective observational cohort study included 5563 community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who participated in functional health examinations in Tokai City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, between September 2017 and June 2018. Data analysis was conducted from August 2022 to February 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability stratified by hearing impairment.ResultsAmong the 4739 participants who met the inclusion criteria (mean [SD] age, 73.8 [5.5] years; 2622 [55.3%] female), 3792 (80.0%) were without hearing impairment and 947 (20.0%) were with hearing impairment. Of those who reported experiencing loneliness, 1215 (32.0%) were without hearing impairment, and 441 (46.6%) were with hearing impairment. After 2 years, the number of individuals with disabilities was 172 (4.5%) without hearing impairment and 79 (8.3%) with hearing impairment. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed no statistically significant association between loneliness and the incidence of disability in a model adjusted for potential confounding factors among community-dwelling older adults without hearing impairment (hazard ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.80-1.52). Among community-dwelling older adults with hearing impairment, a model adjusted for potential confounding factors showed a statistically significant association between loneliness and the incidence of disability (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.04-2.81).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that the association between loneliness and the incidence of disability was moderated by the presence or absence of hearing impairment. Hearing impairment is the most common symptom of geriatric syndromes, showing that among the various risk factors, loneliness may require special attention in the prevention of disability in people with hearing impairment.
Neuron‐Inspired Self‐Powered Hydrogels with Excellent Adhesion, Recyclability and Dual‐Mode Output for Multifunctional Ionic Skin
Authors: Wu Ke , Cui Yanyu , Song Yaping , Ma Zhiyan , Wang Juan , Li Juan , Fei Teng , Zhang Tong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydrogels are promising materials for electronic skin due to their flexibility and modifiability. Reported hydrogel electronic skins can recognize stimulations and output signals, but the single output signal and the requirement of external power source limit their further applications. In this study, inspired by the neuron system, the self‐powered neuron system‐like hydrogels based on gelatin, water/glycerin and ionic liquid modified metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are prepared. The optimized hydrogel exhibits excellent adhesion (40 kPa), stretchability (0%–100%), water retention (>92% at 0% relative humidity (RH) atmosphere), ionic conductivity (>10−3 S m−1) and stability (>30 days). Besides, the neuron system‐like hydrogels are highly sensitive to pressure (0—10 N) and humidity (0%–75% RH) with dual‐modal output, without external power source. Finally, the optimized hydrogel ionic skin is applied in human motion detection, energy harvesting, and low humidity sensing. This study provides a preliminary exploration of self‐powered ionic skin for multi‐application scenarios.
Glucose‐Responsive Antioxidant Hydrogel Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Chen Fang , Qin Jianghui , Wu Pingli , Gao Wenshan , Sun Guoming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiabetic complications can be ameliorated by inhibiting excessive oxidative stress with antioxidants. To enhance therapeutic intervention, it is crucial to develop intelligent scaffolds for efficient delivery of antioxidants to diabetic wounds. This study introduces reversible boronic bonds to create an intelligent antioxidant hydrogel scaffold. This study modifies gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) with 4‐carboxyphenyboronic acid (CPBA) to synthesize a derivative of GelMA (GelMA‐CPBA), and then photo cross‐links GelMA‐CPBA with (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) to form GelMA‐CPBA/EGCG (GMPE) hydrogel. The GMPE hydrogel responds to changes in glucose levels, and more EGCG is released as glucose level increases due to the dissociation of boronic ester bonds. The GMPE hydrogel shows good biocompatibility and biodegradability, and its mechanical property is similar to that of the skin tissue. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the GMPE hydrogel scaffolds effectively eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduce the inflammation, and promote angiogenesis, thereby improve collagen deposition and tissue remodeling during diabetic wound healing. This strategy offers new insight into glucose‐responsive scaffolds, and this responsive antioxidan hydrogel scaffold holds great potential for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds.
Recent Advances in Integrating 1D Nanomaterials into Chemiresistive Gas Sensor Devices
Authors: Lin Jiancheng , Kilani Mohamed , Mao Guangzhao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is rapid growth in the global gas sensor market driven by new regulations for industrial emission control and residential environments and increasing demand for portable devices. Nanosensors promise to be the next generation gas sensors for the direct detection of chemical species due to their ultrahigh sensitivity, fast response, ultralow weight, and low power consumption. However, transitioning nanosensors from basic research or prototype projects to commercial products encounters two major technical challenges: difficulty in scale up and inability to demonstrate real‐world use in changing humidity and temperature conditions. The advances in addressing these two technical challenges in recent literature are surveyed. The most common 1D nanomaterials in R&D for gas sensing, metal oxides, and carbon nanotubes, as well as less common metal nanowires and psudo‐1D crystals made from charge‐transfer complexes (CTCs) are included. This review delves into the specifics of each of these 1D nanomaterials for gas sensing applications, their synthesis and deposition, sensing performance, and commercial development in the last 5 years. It highlights the scalability of one‐step electrodeposition of CTC nanowires on prefabricated electrodes, at room temperature, and from solution in making gas nanosensors.
Heterogeneous Integration of Freestanding Bilayer Oxide Membrane for Multiferroicity
Authors: Kang Kyeong Tae , Corey Zachary J , Hwang Jaejin , Sharma Yogesh , Paudel Binod , Roy Pinku , Collins Liam , Wang Xueijing , Lee Joon Woo , Oh Yoon Seok , Kim Yeonhoo , Yoo Jinkyoung , Lee Jaekwang , Htoon Han , Jia Quanxi , Chen Aiping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTransition metal oxides exhibit a plethora of electrical and magnetic properties described by their order parameters. In particular, ferroic orderings offer access to a rich spectrum of fundamental physics phenomena, in addition to a range of technological applications. The heterogeneous integration of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials is a fruitful way to design multiferroic oxides. The realization of freestanding heterogeneous membranes of multiferroic oxides is highly desirable. In this study, epitaxial BaTiO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 freestanding bilayer membranes are fabricated using pulsed laser epitaxy. The membrane displays ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism above room temperature accompanying the finite magnetoelectric coupling constant. This study reveals that a freestanding heterostructure can be used to manipulate the structural and emergent properties of the membrane. In the absence of the strain caused by the substrate, the change in orbital occupancy of the magnetic layer leads to the reorientation of the magnetic easy‐axis, that is, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. These results of designing multiferroic oxide membranes open new avenues to integrate such flexible membranes for electronic applications.
Is Santaniella a ranunculid? Reassessment of this enigmatic fossil angiosperm from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Crato Konservat‐Lagerstätte, Brazil) provides a new interpretation
Authors: Pessoa Edlley M. , Ribeiro Alexandre C. , Christenhusz Maarten J. M. , Coan Alessandra Ike , Jud Nathan A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPremiseThe Lower Cretaceous Crato Konservat‐Lagerstätte (CKL) preserves a rich flora that includes early angiosperms from northern Gondwana. From this area, the recently described fossil genus Santaniella was interpreted as a ranunculid (presumably Ranunculaceae). However, based on our examination of an additional specimen and a new phylogenetic analysis, we offer an alternative interpretation.MethodsThe new fossil was collected from an active quarry for paving stones in the state of Ceará, northeastern Brazil. We assessed support for alternative phylogenetic hypotheses using a combined analysis of morphological data and DNA sequence data using Bayesian inference. We used a consensus network to visualize the posterior distribution of trees, and we used RoguePlot to illustrate the support for alternative positions on a scaffold tree.ResultsThe new material includes a flower‐like structure not present in the original material and also includes follicles preserved at early stages of development. The flower‐like structure is a compact terminal cluster of elliptical sterile laminar organs surrounding internal filamentous structures that occur on flexuous axes. Phylogenetic analyses did not support the fossil placement among eudicots. Instead, Santaniella appears to belong in the magnoliid clade.ConclusionsThe presence of seeds in a marginal‐linear placentation and enclosed in a follicle supports the fossil as an angiosperm. However, even though most characters are clearly recognizable, its combination of characters does not provide strong support for a close relationship to any extant order of flowering plants. Its position in the magnoliid clade is intriguing and, based on plicate carpels, it is definitely a mesangiosperm.
Quantitative measures of motor development in Angelman syndrome
Authors: Duis Jessica , Skinner Austin , Carson Robert , Gouelle Arnaud , Annoussamy Melanie , Silverman Jill L. , Apkon Susan , Servais Laurent , Carollo James 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAngelman Syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by developmental delay, lack of speech, seizures, intellectual disability, characteristic behavior, and movement disorders. Clinical gait analysis provides the opportunity for movement quantification to investigate an observed maladaptive change in gait pattern and offers an objective outcome of change. Pressure‐sensor‐based technology, inertial and activity monitoring, and instrumented gait analysis (IGA) were employed to define motor abnormalities in Angelman syndrome. Temporal–spatial gait parameters of persons with Angelman Syndrome (pwAS) show deficiencies in gait performance through walking speed, step length, step width, and walk ratio. pwAS walk with reduced step lengths, increased step width, and greater variability. Three‐dimensional motion kinematics showed increased anterior pelvic tilt, hip flexion, and knee flexion. PwAS have a walk ratio more than two standard deviations below controls. Dynamic electromyography showed prolonged activation of knee extensors, which was associated with a decreased range of motion and the presence of hip flexion contractures. Use of multiple gait tracking modalities revealed that pwAS exhibit a change in gait pattern to a flexed knee gait pattern. Cross‐sectional studies of individuals with AS show a regression toward this maladaptive gait pattern over development in pwAS ages 4‐11. PwAS unexpectedly did not have spasticity associated with change in gait pattern. Multiple quantitative measures of motor patterning may offer early biomarkers of gait decline consistent with critical periods of intervention, insight into appropriate management strategies, objective primary outcomes, and early indicators of adverse events.
Non‐symmetric Half‐Fused B←N Coordinated Diketopyrrolopyrrole Building Block for n‐type Semiconducting Polymers
Authors: Meng Jinqiu , Dou Jiawen , Zhou Zhaoqiong , Chen Pinyu , Luo Nan , Li Yan , Luo Liang , He Feng , Geng Hua , Shao Xiangfeng , Zhang Hao‐Li , Liu Zitong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe development of conjugated polymers with high semiconducting performance and high reliability is of great significance for flexible electronics. Herein, we developed a new type of electron‐accepting building block; i.e., non‐symmetric half‐fused B←N coordinated diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) (HBNDPP), for amorphous conjugated polymers toward flexible electronics. The rigid B←N fusion part of HBNDPP endows the resulting polymers with decent electron transport, while its non‐symmetric structure causes the polymer to exhibit multiple conformation isomers with flat torsional potential energies. Thus, it gets packed in an amorphous manner in solid state, ensuring good resistance to bending strain. Combined with hardness and softness, the flexible organic field‐effect transistor devices exhibit n‐type charge properties with decent mobility, good bending resistance, and good ambient stability. The preliminary study makes this building block a potential candidate for future design of conjugated materials for flexible electronic devices.
Structure‐ and Data‐Driven Protein Engineering of Transaminases for Improving Activity and Stereoselectivity
Authors: Ao Yu‐Fei , Pei Shuxin , Xiang Chao , Menke Marian J. , Shen Lin , Sun Chenghai , Dörr Mark , Born Stefan , Höhne Matthias , Bornscheuer Uwe T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAmine transaminases (ATAs) are powerful biocatalysts for the stereoselective synthesis of chiral amines. Machine learning provides a promising approach for protein engineering, but activity prediction models for ATAs remain elusive due to the difficulty of obtaining high‐quality training data. Thus, we first created variants of the ATA from Ruegeria sp. (3FCR) with improved catalytic activity (up to 2000‐fold) as well as reversed stereoselectivity by a structure‐dependent rational design and collected a high‐quality dataset in this process. Subsequently, we designed a modified one‐hot code to describe steric and electronic effects of substrates and residues within ATAs. Finally, we built a gradient boosting regression tree predictor for catalytic activity and stereoselectivity, and applied this for the data‐driven design of optimized variants which then showed improved activity (up to 3‐fold compared to the best variants previously identified). We also demonstrated that the model can predict the catalytic activity for ATA variants of another origin by retraining with a small set of additional data.