bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproduction of Biomimetic Structural Colors via µm‐Scale Ni Textures
Authors: Park Gun , Lee Minsu , Yim Tai Hong , Park Jongcheol , Sim Gapseop , Lee Jong‐Kwon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA µm‐scale Ni texture coated with a dielectric multilayer Bragg stack is developed to cost‐effectively reproduce a variety of biomimetic structural colors on a large scale. The reflectance of the highly reflective region by the Bragg‐stacked flat Ni‐surface is significantly reduced, while the high‐order reflection in the shorter wavelength region increases due to the interference effect inside the triangular Ni texture. This high‐order reflectance is easily adjusted to regulate the reflection color according to the shape of the Bragg stacked Ni textures. The observed reflectance spectra show that the monochromaticity increases as the apex angle of the Ni textures decreases, whereas the amount of color mixture increases as the area of the flat portion formed in them increases. Thus, this color change is quantified by analyzing the variation in the peak wavelength and bandwidth of the reflection spectrum according to the shape of the Ni textures and the thickness of the Bragg stack. Also, by fabricating the triangular Ni textures with gradually decreasing thickness of the Bragg stack from the ridges to the valleys, the continuous change of the reflection color is demonstrated effectively as the location of the incident light reflected from the texture changes.
Self‐Assembled Chiral Copper Superstructures with Enhanced Circularly Polarized Light Emission
Authors: Jin Yiran , Xiao Chengyu , Tan Lili , Chen Zhi , Wen Zhihao , Cheng Yang , Fu Wenlong , Wang Peng‐peng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelf‐assembled chiral superstructures represent an emerging class of chiral materials that can possess unique and collective chiroptical properties superior to their building blocks. However, facile construction of such chiral assemblies, especially those with circularly polarized light emission (CPLE), is still challenging. Here, a simple solution‐based self‐assembly of colloidal chiral superstructures from copper‐penicillamine nanosheets is reported. These chiral copper superstructures feature flower‐like morphology, and exhibit CPLE that is significantly stronger than their unassembled counterparts. In addition, the handedness and the morphology complexity of the superstructures can be independently manipulated by the chirality of penicillamine enantiomers and self‐assembly process, respectively. Besides the structural manipulation, CPLE property can be tuned by doping with other metal ions such as silver. The unique chiroptical and colloidal properties of the chiral copper superstructures as well as the simplicity of the self‐assembly enable rational design of CPLE materials with hierarchical chirality and may advance the applications in chiral sensing, asymmetric catalysis, and novel optoelectronics.
Dual‐Channel Dielectric Tunability in Highly Textured BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3−δCeramics With Micro‐Twin Boundary
Authors: Li Fangzhe , Zhang Hongjun , Luo Huijiadai , Xing Miao , Cao Lu , Wu Chunlong , Zou Yongchun , Jia Dechang , Zhou Yu , Huang Yong , Ke Hua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDielectric tunability is widely used in numerous electronic devices, including wavelet filters, lens antennae, and varactors. However, a dielectric device often has only one tunable dielectric constant range, confining the integration of a multi‐frequency electronic circuit. Herein, a new kind of dielectric tunable textured BaTi0.99Fe0.01O3−δceramics with micro‐twin boundaries is proposed for the dual‐channel controllable dielectric constants. The relative tunability with the acceptable figure of merit is as large as 76% in the crossover channel, which is superior to that of the most state‐of‐the‐art BaxSr1 −xTiO3counterparts. This new design strategy offers the possibility of dual‐channel filters in one dielectric device controlled by external electric fields. The required external electric field is moderate with the help of reversible micro twins, which is confirmed by first‐principles studies. The static magnetic field interference on the dielectric constant is also evaluated, showing the frequency stability of dielectric tunability in a range between 5k and 1 mHz.
Li‐Ion Transfer Mechanism of Ambient‐Temperature Solid Polymer Electrolyte toward Lithium Metal Battery
Authors: Wang Su , Sun Qifang , Zhang Qing , Li Chen , Xu Chaoran , Ma Yue , Shi Xixi , Zhang Hongzhou , Song Dawei , Zhang Lianqi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe low ionic conductivity and short service life of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) limit the application of ambient‐temperature polymer lithium metal batteries, which is perhaps a result of the inherent restricted segment movement of the polymer at room temperature. Herein, an ambient‐temperature dual‐layer solid polymer electrolyte is developed and the related working mechanisms are innovatively investigated. In the strategy, poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC)/succinonitrile (SN) contacts with the cathode while polyethylene oxide (PEO)/Li7La3Zr2O12 is adopted near the anode. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the formation of solvated sheath‐like structure [SN···Li+], which demonstrates strong interaction with polymers (PPC···[SN···Li+]/PEO···[SN···Li+]). Further density functional theory calculations show that these structures, allow rapid transport of Li ions through polymer segments. These results are confirmed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. Therefore, the Li‐ion transport mechanism for ambient‐temperature SPEs can be reasonably revealed. Remarkably, the binding energy between PPC and SN is stronger than that of PEO, which helps avoid the parasitic reaction between SN and Li. A low overpotential of 55 mV is exhibited for Li/Li symmetrical cells after 1000 h. Notably, a capacity retention of 86.3% is maintained for LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2/Li cell at 25 °C, implying good application potential in ambient‐temperature high voltage lithium metal batteries.
Beef and pork processing plant labor costs
Authors: Boyer Christopher N. , Lambert Dayton M. , Martinez Charles C. , Maples Joshua G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFederal and state legislators recently enacted policies to fund new and renovated small and local meat processors expansion with the aim of increasing the meat‐processing sector's resiliency. Wages must be competitive to attract employees for these new and renovated plants to be competitive. No previous studies have examined what has happened to employee labor costs at United States (US) meat‐processing plants since the early 2000s. This study estimates how meat‐processing firm size affects employee wages in the US. We use average employee wages for beef and pork processing plants from 2007 to 2019. We find larger plants pay higher wages than smaller ones, which is likely attributable to lower fixed costs resulting from economies of scale. Findings suggest that facilities with more than 500+ employees will most likely offer wage that are high enough to recruit workers in for this industry. Small plants will need to increase real wages that are higher than historical averages. Thus, if smaller facilities increase the sector's resiliency, then it will likely come at a cost in terms of higher wage bills. [EconLit Citations: Q12, Q18].
Pd/C catalytic cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins for synthesis of high‐energy‐density strained fuels
Authors: Wang Wei , Pu Baian , Ma Chi , Shi Chengxiang , Pan Lun , Zhang Xiangwen , Zou Ji‐Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCyclopropane derivates are appealing to synthesis of high‐energy‐density fuels because of the high strained energy of the three‐numbered ring. The catalytic cyclopropanation of olefin with diazomethane is very effective to construct the carbocycle. The majority of the catalysts employed are nonrecyclable homogeneous compounds. Herein, we report cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins catalyzed by heterogeneous Pd/C. The optimal cyclopropanation conditions were explored utilizing dicyclopentadiene as model substrate and a series of polycyclic olefins were cyclopropanated with high yield. Additionally, the catalyst has good recyclability and stability, as shown by characterizations as well as the fact that no inactivation happens after cyclopropanation. The synthesized cyclopropane derivates exhibit good fuel characteristics like high density (1.006–1.087 g/cm3), high volumetric net heat of combustion (42.58–46.45 kJ/cm3), good low‐temperature and combustion performance. This work shows industrial potential for cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins with diazomethane.
Changes in endogenous abscisic acid and stomata of the resurrection fern, Pleopeltis polypodioides, in response to de‐ and rehydration
Authors: John Susan P. , Svihla Zachary T. , Hasenstein Karl H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPremiseWhile angiosperms respond uniformly to abscisic acid (ABA) by stomatal closure, the response of ferns to ABA is ambiguous. We evaluated the effect of endogenous ABA, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), and Ca2+, low and high light intensities, and blue light (BL) on stomatal opening of Pleopeltis polypodioides.MethodsEndogenous ABA was quantified using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry; microscopy results and stomatal responses to light and chemical treatments were analyzed with Image J.ResultsThe ABA content increases during initial dehydration, peaks at 15 h and then decreases to one fourth of the ABA content of hydrated fronds. Following rehydration, ABA content increases within 24 h to the level of hydrated tissue. The stomatal aperture opens under BL and remains open even in the presence of ABA. Closure was strongly affected by BL, NO, and Ca2+, regardless of ABA, H2O2 effect was weak.ConclusionsThe decrease in the ABA content during extended dehydration and insensitivity of the stomata to ABA suggests that the drought tolerance mechanism of Pleopeltis polypodioides is independent of ABA.
A Bioinspired Free‐Standing 2D Crown‐Ether‐Based Polyimine Membrane for Selective Proton Transport
Authors: Qian Yongchao , Wu Yadong , Qiu Shuai , He Xiaofeng , Liu Yuyang , Kong Xiang‐Yu , Tian Wei , Jiang Lei , Wen Liping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiological proton channels play important roles in the delicate metabolism process, and have led to great interest in mimicking selective proton transport. Herein, we designed a bioinspired proton transport membrane by incorporating flexible 14‐crown‐4 (14C4) units into rigid frameworks of polyimine films by an interfacial Schiff base reaction. The Young's modulus of the membrane reaches about 8.2 GPa. The 14C4 units could grab water, thereby forming hydrogen bond‐water networks and acting as jumping sites to lower the energy barrier of proton transport. The molecular chains present a vertical orientation to the membrane, and the ions travel between the quasi‐planar molecular sheets. Furthermore, the 14C4 moieties could bond alkali ions through host–guest interactions. Thus, the ion conductance follows H+≫K+>Na+>Li+, and an ultrahigh selectivity of H+/Li+(ca. 215) is obtained. This study provides an effective avenue for developing ion‐selective membranes by embedding macrocycle motifs with inherent cavities.
Spontaneous Chirality Induction in the Assembly of a Single Layer 2D Network with Switchable Pores
Authors: Shen Bowen , Pan Chunyu , Feng Xiaopeng , Kim Jehan , Sun Mo , Lee Myongsoo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough two‐dimensional (2D) chiral sheet structures are attractive because of their unique chemical and physical properties, single layer 2D chiral network structures with switchable pore interior remain elusive. Here we report spontaneous chirality induction in a single layer 2D network structure formed from the self‐assembly of tetrapod azobenzene molecules. The chirality induction arises from multiple sublayers slipped in a preferred direction in which the sublayer consists of unidentical molecular arrangements in the in‐plane a and b directions, breaking both the plane of symmetry and inversion symmetry. The protruded azobenzene units in the pore interior can be selectively isomerized upon UV irradiation, resulting in a reversible deformation of the chiral pores while maintaining the 2D frameworks. The chiral network can thus selectively entrap one enantiomer from a racemic solution with near perfect enantioselectivity, and then release it upon UV irradiation.
Atomically Local Electric Field Induced Interface Water Reorientation for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Cai Chao , Liu Kang , Zhang Long , Li Fangbiao , Tan Yao , Li Pengcheng , Wang Yanqiu , Wang Maoyu , Feng Zhenxing , Motta Meira Debora , Qu Wenqiang , Stefancu Andrei , Li Wenzhang , Li Hongmei , Fu Junwei , Wang Hui , Zhang Dengsong , Cortés Emiliano , Liu Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe slow water dissociation process in alkaline electrolyte severely limits the kinetics of HER. The orientation of H2O is well known to affect the dissociation process, but H2O orientation is hard to control because of its random distribution. Herein, an atomically asymmetric local electric field was designed by IrRu dizygotic single‐atom sites (IrRu DSACs) to tune the H2O adsorption configuration and orientation, thus optimizing its dissociation process. The electric field intensity of IrRu DSACs is over 4.00×1010 N/C. The ab initio molecular dynamics simulations combined with in situ Raman spectroscopy analysis on the adsorption behavior of H2O show that the M−H bond length (M=active site) is shortened at the interface due to the strong local electric field gradient and the optimized water orientation promotes the dissociation process of interfacial water. This work provides a new way to explore the role of single atomic sites in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.
Solid Interhalogen Compounds with Effective Br0 Fixing for Stable High‐energy Zinc Batteries
Authors: Chen Shengmei , Ying Yiran , Wang Shengnan , Ma Longtao , Huang Haitao , Wang Xiaoqi , Jin Xu , Bai Shengchi , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThough massive efforts have been devoted to exploring Br‐based batteries, the highly soluble Br2/Br3− species causing rigorous “shuttle effect”, leads to severe self‐discharge and low Coulombic efficiency. Conventionally, quaternary ammonium salts such as methyl ethyl morpholinium bromide (MEMBr) and tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) are used to fix Br2 and Br3−, but they occupy the mass and volume of battery without capacity contribution. Here, we report an all‐active solid interhalogen compound, IBr, as a cathode to address the above challenges, in which the oxidized Br0 is fixed by iodine (I), thoroughly eliminating cross‐diffusing Br2/Br3− species during the whole charging and discharging process. The Zn||IBr battery delivers remarkably high energy density of 385.8 Wh kg−1, which is higher than those of I2, MEMBr3, and TPABr3 cathodes. Our work provides new approaches to achieve active solid interhalogen chemistry for high‐energy electrochemical energy storage devices.
Visible‐to‐UV Photon Upconversion: Recent Progress in New Materials and Applications
Authors: Uji Masanori , Zähringer Till J. B. , Kerzig Christoph , Yanai Nobuhiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUltraviolet (UV, λ<400 nm) light is essential for various photochemical reactions, but its intensity in the solar spectrum is very low, and light sources that artificially generate high‐energy UV light are inefficient and environmentally unfriendly. A solution to this problem is photon upconversion (UC) from visible (vis, λ>400 nm) light to UV light. Among several mechanisms, UC based on triplet‐triplet annihilation (TTA‐UC) in particular has made remarkable progress in recent years. The development of new chromophores has enabled highly efficient conversion of low‐intensity visible light into UV light. In this review, we summarize the recent development of visible‐to‐UV TTA‐UC, from the development of chromophores and their production into films to their application in various photochemical processes such as catalysis, bond activation and polymerization. Finally, challenges and opportunities in future material development and applications will be discussed.
Enantioconvergent Reductive C(sp)−C(sp3) Cross‐Coupling to Access Chiral α‐Alkynyl Phosphonates Under Dual Nickel/Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Wang Hepan , Wu Xiaoqiang , XU Tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed asymmetric carbon−carbon bond formation to forge phosphonates with an α‐chiral carbon center through C(sp3)−C(sp3) and C(sp2)−C(sp3) couplings has been successful. However, the enantioselective C(sp)−C(sp3) coupling has not yet been disclosed. Reported herein is an unprecedented enantioconvergent cross‐coupling of alkynyl bromides and α‐bromo phosphonates to deliver chiral α‐alkynyl phosphonates.
The Self‐Association of the KRAS4b Protein is Altered by Lipid‐Bilayer Composition and Electrostatics
Authors: Lee Ki‐Young , Ikura Mitsuhiko , Marshall Christopher B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKRAS is a peripheral membrane protein that regulates multiple signaling pathways, and is mutated in ≈30 % of cancers. Transient self‐association of KRAS is essential for activation of the downstream effector RAF and oncogenicity. The presence of anionic phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids in the membrane was shown to promote KRAS self‐assembly, however, the structural mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we employed nanodisc bilayers of defined lipid compositions, and probed the impact of PS concentration on KRAS self‐association. Paramagnetic NMR experiments demonstrated the existence of two transient dimer conformations involving alternate electrostatic contacts between R135 and either D153 or E168 on the “α4/5‐α4/5” interface, and revealed that lipid composition and salt modulate their dynamic equilibrium. These dimer interfaces were validated by charge‐reversal mutants. This plasticity demonstrates how the dynamic KRAS dimerization interface responds to the environment, and likely extends to the assembly of other signaling complexes on the membrane.
Closing the Cycle as It Begins: Synthesis of ortho‐Iodobiaryls via Catellani Reaction
Authors: Botla Vinayak , Fontana Marco , Voronov Aleksandr , Maggi Raimondo , Motti Elena , Maestri Giovanni , Della Ca' Nicola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite the advances in the field of carbon‐halogen bond formation, the straightforward catalytic access to selectively functionalized iodoaryls remains a challenge. Here, we report a one‐pot synthesis of ortho‐iodobiaryls from aryl iodides and bromides by palladium/norbornene catalysis. This new example of Catellani reaction features the initial cleavage of a C(sp2)−I bond, followed by the key formation of a palladacycle through ortho C−H activation, the oxidative addition of an aryl bromide and the ultimate restoration of the C(sp2)−I bond. A large variety of valuable o‐iodobiaryls has been synthesized in satisfactory to good yields and their derivatization have been described too. Beyond the synthetic utility of this transformation, a DFT study provides insights on the mechanism of the key reductive elimination step, which is driven by an original transmetallation between palladium(II)‐halides complexes.
Ammonium Ion Batteries: Material, Electrochemistry and Strategy
Authors: Zheng Runtian , Li Yuhang , Yu Haoxiang , Zhang Xikun , Yang Ding , Yan Lei , Li Yu , Shu Jie , Su Bao‐Lian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAmmonium‐ion batteries (AIBs) have recently attracted increasing attention in the field of aqueous batteries owing to their high safety and fast diffusion kinetics. The NH4+storage mechanism is quite different from that of spherical metal ions (e.g. Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Zn2+) because of the formation of hydrogen bonds between NH4+and host materials. Although many materials have been proposed as electrode materials for AIBs, their performances hardly meet the requirement of future electrochemical energy storage devices. It is thus urgent to design and exploit advanced materials for AIBs. This review highlights the state‐of‐the‐art research on AIBs. The insights into the basic configuration, operating mechanism and recent progress of electrode materials and corresponding electrolytes for AIBs have been comprehensively outlined. The electrode materials are classified and compared according to different NH4+storage behaviour in the structure. The challenges, design strategies and perspectives are also discussed for the future development of AIBs.
Water Activation for Boosting Electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Xi Mengzhen , Wu Zhichao , Luo Zhen , Ling Ling , Xu Weiqing , Xiao Runshi , Wang Hengjia , Fang Qie , Hu Liuyong , Gu Wenling , Zhu Chengzhou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn conventional luminol electrochemiluminescence (ECL) systems, hydrogen peroxide and dissolved oxygen are employed as typical co‐reactants to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) for efficient ECL emission. However, the self‐decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and limited solubility of oxygen in water inevitably restrict the detection accuracy and luminous efficiency of luminol ECL system. Inspired by ROS‐mediated ECL mechanism, for the first time, we used cobalt‐iron layered double hydroxide as co‐reaction accelerator to efficiently activate water to generate ROS for enhancing luminol emission. Experimental investigations verify the formation of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in the process of electrochemical water oxidation, which subsequently react with luminol anion radicals to trigger strong ECL signals. Finally, the detection of alkaline phosphatase has been successfully achieved with impressive sensitivity and reproducibility for practical sample analysis.
Low‐Cost, High‐Strength Cellulose‐based Quasi‐Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Dai , Xie Hui , Liu Qiang , Mu Kexin , Song Zhennuo , Xu Weijian , Tian Lei , Zhu Caizhen , Xu Jian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSolid‐state lithium‐metal batteries are considered as the next generation of high‐energy‐density batteries. However, their solid electrolytes suffer from low ionic conductivity, poor interface performance, and high production costs, restricting their commercial application. Herein, a low‐cost cellulose acetate‐based quasi‐solid composite polymer electrolyte (C‐CLA QPE) was developed with a high Li+ transference number (
) of 0.85 and excellent interface stability. The prepared LiFePO4 (LFP)|C‐CLA QPE|Li batteries exhibited excellent cycle performance with a capacity retention of 97.7 % after 1200 cycles at 1 C and 25 °C. The experimental results and Density Function Theory (DFT) simulation revealed that the partially esterified side groups in the CLA matrix contribute to the migration of Li+ and enhance electrochemical stability. This work provides a promising strategy for fabricating cost‐effective, stable polymer electrolytes for solid‐state lithium batteries.
Visible‐Light‐Reactive Single‐Chain Nanoparticles
Authors: Mundsinger Kai , Tuten Bryan T. , Wang Lily , Neubauer Kira , Kropf Christian , O'Mara Megan L. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe introduce a single‐chain nanoparticle (SCNP) system capable of catalyzing the photooxidation of nonpolar alkenes up to three times more efficiently than an equivalent small‐molecule photosensitizer at an identical concentration. Specifically, we construct a polymer chain constituted of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate which we compact via multifunctional thiol‐epoxide ligation and functionalize with Rose Bengal (RB) in a one pot reaction, affording SCNPs with a hydrophilic shell and hydrophobic photocatalytic regions. Photooxidation of the internal alkene in oleic acid proceeds under green light. RB confined within the SCNP is three times more effective for nonpolar alkenes than free RB in solution, which we hypothesize is due to the spatial proximity of the photosensitizing units to the substrate in the hydrophobic region. Our approach demonstrates that SCNP based catalysts can afford enhanced photocatalysis via confinement effects in a homogeneous reaction environment.