bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing Charge‐Carrier Transport and Recombination for Perovskite/TOPCon Tandem Solar Cells with Double‐Textured Structures
Authors: Zheng Jingming , Wei He , Ying Zhiqin , Yang Xi , Sheng Jiang , Yang Zhenhai , Zeng Yuheng , Ye Jichun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe ongoing success of tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) solar cells in the photovoltaic community in conjunction with the continuous advancements in the fabrication technologies of perovskite‐based tandem devices make it possible to access highly‐efficient perovskite/TOPCon tandem solar cells (TSCs). However, the development of such tandem solar cells is still in its infancy. One of the main challenges facing these devices is the balance of passivation and contact properties, especially on the textured crystalline silicon substrates. This article focuses on the double‐textured TOPCon structures, and systematically investigates their passivation and contact properties with the purpose of balancing charge‐carrier recombination and transport properties. The experiment results show that passivation and contact properties of the double‐textured TOPCon structures can be well‐regulated by means of rearranging the schedules of annealing processes and radio frequency powers of SiOx deposition. The mechanisms of charge‐carrier transport on the textured structures are closely studied, suggesting that charge carriers prefer to transport via the valleys of pyramids where the SiOx layer is thin or missing. As a result, the proof‐of‐concept perovskite/TOPCon TSCs featuring the double‐textured structures are successfully fabricated with a remarkable efficiency of 28.49%.
Economics of no‐tilling winter cereal pasture for growing beef cattle in Oklahoma
Authors: Panyi Amadeo F. , Biermacher Jon T. , Brorsen B. Wade , Reuter Ryan , Rogers James K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGrazing winter cereal pasture with stocker cattle is a common production practice on water‐limited cropland acres in the southern Great Plains. Soil erosion and loss of soil water holding capacity from interactions with tillage operations, wind, and rainfall are common problems with these systems. Despite the environmental and economic benefits reported for no‐till (NT) techniques, clean‐till (CT) establishment remains a common practice in the region. The objectives were to determine the effects of tillage system (CT and NT) on measures of animal performance and net returns, and to determine the sensitivity of net returns to the prices of glyphosate, labor, and fuel. Data representing average daily gain (ADG), steer grazing days (SGD) (ha−1), and total gain (TG) (ha−1) were obtained from a 4‐year (2010–2013) grazing trial conducted in south‐central Oklahoma. Enterprise budgeting was used to determine average revenues, costs, and net returns for each establishment system. Mixed model regression results indicated that SGD ha−1 was 11.1 greater (p < 0.0001) for CT compared to NT but ADG was 0.025 kg day−1 greater (p < 0.0001) for the NT system. The CT system realized a TG of 6.63 kg ha−1 greater (p < 0.0001) than NT. Conversely, the NT system realized a total cost of US$1067.27 ha−1, which was $105.29 ha−1 lower than the cost of the CT system. On average, the NT system realized a $67.63 ha−1 greater net return than CT. The NT system remained the most profitable even with substantial changes in prices of glyphosate, machinery labor, and fuel.
Influence of ecoregional and lifestyle factors on growth and body composition of Indian children and adolescents aged 9–18 years—A multicenter study
Authors: Vispute Smruti , Mandlik Rubina , Khadilkar Anuradha , Gondhalekar Ketan , Patwardhan Vivek , Khadilkar Vaman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesEcoregion comprises all the environmental factors such as climate, vegetation, geomorphology, and soil taken together. The objectives of this study were to (1) assess differences in growth and body composition (BC) in 9–18‐year‐old children and adolescents (CA), across six ecoregions of India, (2) evaluate and compare the magnitude of the effect of ecoregional and lifestyle factors (LSF) on growth and BC in urban (U) and rural (R) children and adolescents, and (3) reassess the applicability of Bergmann's Rule and Allen's Rule to humans.Subjects and MethodsData on 1845 CA (925 boys; 920 girls) were collected (2016–2017) from urban and rural areas of six ecoregions of India. Anthropometric and BC parameters were measured; Z‐scores were computed. Lifestyle Index score (LIS) based on LSF—(socioeconomic status [SES], diet, physical activity) was computed (categorized as low, medium, high—indicates better LSF). Univariate analysis was performed to estimate effect size.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in growth and BC across urban and rural ecoregions. CA with high LIS were taller and heavier than those with low LIS (p < .05). Ecoregion had greater effect on growth (Partial eta square (η2) for R = 0.136 vs. U = 0.057) and BC (η2 for R = 0.094 vs. U = 0.058) of rural CA than urban (p < .01). LSF had more effect on the BC of urban CA (η2 = 0.017) than rural (η2 = 0.002, p < .01).ConclusionDisparities among the six ecoregions were not large enough to fully support Bergmann's Rule and Allen's Rule. Ecoregion had greater effect on growth and BC of rural CA than urban, while lifestyle factors had more effect on the BC of urban CA.
Uncombable hair syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 1
Authors: Breet Hanna , Vos Yvonne J. , Dijkhuizen Trijnie , Voorbij‐Vierstra Carlijn L. , Bolling Maria C. , van den Akker Peter C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUncombable hair syndrome is a hair shaft condition in which the hair is frizzy, light in color (silver to light brown), and cannot be combed flat. Autosomal dominant (with complete or incomplete penetrance), autosomal recessive, and sporadic cases have been reported. In 2016 causative mutations in three genes were identified for uncombable hair syndrome, all with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern: PADI3, TGM3, and TCHH. In many cases, however, there is still no molecular diagnosis. Here, we describe a case of autosomal recessive uncombable hair syndrome resulting from maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 1.
Acute myeloid leukemia associated with CHARGE syndrome
Authors: Shuto Marie , Hirano Naoki , Oguri Saori , Itonaga Tomoyo , Inoue Masanori , Suenobu Souichi , Ihara Kenji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCHARGE syndrome is a malformation disorder with diverse phenotypes that shows autosomal dominance with heterozygous variants in the chromodomain helicase DNA‐binding 7 (CHD7) gene. Only a few cases of CHARGE syndrome accompanied by neoplasm during childhood have been reported. We report the case of a girl with CHARGE syndrome who developed acute myelogenous leukemia at 12 years old. She had mild intellectual disability, and hearing loss with inner ear malformation, myopia, astigmatism, laryngotracheal malacia, hypogonadism, and clival hypoplasia, with a history of patent ductus arteriosus. The patient was genetically diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome based on the detection of a novel heterozygous frameshift pathogenic variant in the CHD7 gene. We review the reported pediatric cases of CHARGE syndrome with malignancy and suggest a possible molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis involving pathogenic variants of the CHD7 gene.
Unbound States in an Almost Infinite Deep Potential
Authors: Liu Tong , Xia Xu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe behavior of a quantum particle in an almost infinite deep potential is investigated. By means of analytical and numerical methods, it is demonstrated that even if the potential is infinitely deep, the particle's eigenstate can still be unbound, which contradicts the previous belief that an infinite deep potential can only sustain bound states. These findings shed new light on the eigenstate problem of quantum mechanics.
Unimer Exchange Is not Necessary for Morphological Transitions in Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly
Authors: Debrie Clément , Coudert Noémie , Guigner Jean‐Michel , Nicolai Taco , Stoffelbach François , Colombani Olivier , Rieger Jutta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) has established itself as a powerful and straightforward method to produce polymeric nano‐objects of various morphologies in (aqueous) solution. Generally, spheres are formed in the early stages of polymerization that may evolve to higher order morphologies (worms or vesicles), as the solvophobic block grows during polymerization. Hitherto, the mechanisms involved in these morphological transitions during PISA are still not well understood. Combining a systematic study of a representative PISA system with rheological measurements, we demonstrate that—unexpectedly—unimer exchange is not necessary to form higher order morphologies during radical RAFT‐mediated PISA. Instead, in the investigated aqueous PISA, the monomer present in the polymerization medium is responsible for the morphological transitions, even though it slows down unimer exchange.
Synthesis of Unprotected β‐Arylethylamines by Iron(II)‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Aminoarylation of Alkenes in Hexafluoroisopropanol
Authors: Pozhydaiev Valentyn , Vayer Marie , Fave Claire , Moran Joseph , Lebœuf David 
Published: December 2022

Abstractβ‐Arylethylamines are prevalent structural motifs in molecules exhibiting biological activity. Here we report a sequential one‐pot protocol for the 1,2‐aminoarylation of alkenes with hydroxylammonium triflate salts and (hetero)arenes. Unlike existing methods, this reaction provides a direct entry to unprotected β‐arylethylamines with remarkable functional group tolerance, allowing key drug‐oriented functional groups to be installed in a two‐step process. The use of hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent in combination with an iron(II) catalyst proved essential to reaching high‐value nitrogen‐containing molecules.
A Configurationally Confined Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Two‐Coordinate CuI Complex for Efficient Blue Electroluminescence
Authors: Wang Hai‐Jie , Liu Yuan , Yu Baoqiu , Song Shi‐Quan , Zheng You‐Xuan , Liu Kanglei , Chen Pangkuan , Wang Hailong , Jiang Jianzhuang , Li Tian‐Yi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) from linear two‐coordinate coinage metal complexes is sensitive to the geometric arrangement of the ligands. Herein we realize the tuning of configuration from coplanar to orthogonal gradually by variation of substituents. In a complex with confined twist configuration, its blue emission peaking at 458 nm presents a high ΦPL of 0.74 and a short τTADF of 1.9 μs, which indicates a fast enough kr,TADF of 3.9×105 s−1 and a depressed knr of 1.4×105 s−1. Such outstanding luminescent properties are attributed to the proper overlap of HOMO and LUMO on CuI d orbitals that guarantees not only small ΔEST but also sufficient transition oscillator strength for fast
. Vacuum‐deposited blue OLEDs with either doped or host‐free emissive layer present external quantum efficiencies over 20 % and 10 %, respectively, demonstrating the practicality of the configurationally confined strategy for efficient linear CuI TADF emitters.
Effect of sepiolite on properties of silicone rubber/melamine/starch/sepiolite flame retardant composites
Authors: Liu Jianqiao , Xin Zhenxiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, a novel silicone rubber composite with low smoke, good mechanical property, and excellent flame retardant was prepared by introducing melamine (MEL), starch (St), and sepiolite (SEP) into SR. The effect of the amount of SEP on the mechanical properties of SR composites was investigated. The results showed that the mechanical properties were optimal when the amount of SEP was 30 phr. The tensile sections of the composites were characterized by SEM. The flame retardant properties of the composites were evaluated by oxygen index, vertical combustion, and cone calorimetry test (CCT). The thermal stability of the composites was tested by TGA. The flame retardant mechanism of the composites was also discussed. It was found that the strength and stability of the carbon layer of the composite were remarkably enhanced, and the flame retardant properties of the materials were improved with the addition of SEP. The SEM images of CCT carbon residues revealed that the carbon layer of the composite with SEP was more stable and had fewer cracks than that without SEP. This work provides new insights for the preparation of high‐performance SR composite.
Boron and nitrogen double‐doped carbon flower prepared by in‐situ copolymerization as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Yaxin , Li Ying , Zheng Ning , Yongqi Wang , Jinfang Zhang , Ning Li , Mei Wang , Liyong Wang , Shengliang Hu , Huiqi Wang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe structural design and element regulation of the electrode materials is considered an effective strategy to improve the energy storage performance. In this paper, we developed a boron and nitrogen double‐doped carbon flower by in‐situ polymerization and high‐temperature carbonization. As an anode electrode material for lithium‐ion batteries, it shows a high first discharge capacity of 885.9 mA h g−1, and still maintained 416 mA h g−1 after 450 cycles. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent capacitance (182 mA h g−1) at the high current density (2 A g−1) and even after 3000 cycles. The unique flower structure reduces ion diffusion distance, and the boron and nitrogen atoms provide more active sites, which endow the boron and nitrogen double‐doped carbon flower with the excellent electrochemical performance. Therefore, the in‐situ polymerization is a good scheme to prepare heteroatom double‐doped nanocarbon materials with the high energy capacity.
Racial discrimination, objectalisation and reactive disobjectalisation—Pathways of integration for young Muslims in Germany
Authors: Kaiser Paul Maximilian , Barth Lena , Tuncel‐Langbehn Gonca , Ruettner Barbara , Goetzmann Lutz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between contending objectalisation, reactive disobjectalisation and radicalization tendencies during the integration of 50 young Muslims in Germany. The largest group of people who have a history of migration in Germany are people of Turkish and Kurdish origin. During the summer and autumn of 2018, we interviewed 50 individuals from both genders aged from 18 to 25 years old. We saw that negative or contending objectalisation could lead to a reactive disobjectalisation of the German world. This reactively results in an increased occupation of Turkish culture, especially religion and radicalization, which focuses the intensification of religious views. As a result of this process, religious behavior intensifies, which is shaped by going to religious groups, mosques and activities in Islamic organizations. There also appears to be some kind of “new national feeling” where objectalisation of both cultures results in a third identity in the form of its own psychic integration. In this way a new migratory identity would be formed which inherits the “best of both cultures.”
Comparison of anthracite and GAC biofilter performance for surface‐water manganese removal
Authors: Kent Ashley N. , Earle Martin , Iannuzzi Jacqueline , Ha Cynthia , Hakes Lyda , Stoddart Amina , Knocke William , Gagnon Graham 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlameda County Water District has observed increased biofilter effluent manganese concentrations during winter operations. To investigate manganese removal across surface water biofilters during cold‐water conditions, trends were analyzed between water temperature and manganese removal across multiple testing scales, multiple biofilter influent water qualities, and both anthracite and GAC media. During acclimation of new biofilters, 100% removal of manganese was observed sooner across both anthracite and GAC biofilters brought online at 20°C compared to 12°C. Acclimation at 12°C required 18 extra days for the GAC biofilters and 48 additional days for the anthracite biofilters. For fully acclimated biofilters, a decrease in manganese removal across both GAC and anthracite biofilters at temperatures below 15°C was observed. However, greater and more consistent manganese removal was observed across GAC compared to anthracite biofilters. Performance differences between locations also suggest that operational and water quality conditions also likely affect manganese removal.
Shift to remote learning degrades water quality in buildings
Authors: Aden Katelin , Boyer Treavor H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCommercial and institutional buildings now experience weeks and even months with below‐normal occupancy due to remote work/learning, which results in reduced water use and has the potential to adversely impact water quality. This study monitored the variations in water quality in multiple university buildings during several months of below‐normal occupancy followed by several months of normal occupancy. The levels of free chlorine, copper, and cellular ATP in water varied within buildings and between buildings. Using Wi‐Fi activity as a surrogate for building occupancy, the free chlorine concentration in water increased as Wi‐Fi counts increased. The copper concentration in building water was higher when the occupancy was below‐normal compared with normal occupancy, and the copper concentration decreased as Wi‐Fi counts increased. Throughout the study, flushing a fixture at the time of use decreased the concentrations of copper and cellular ATP and increased the concentration of free chlorine.
Analysis of survival data with nonproportional hazards: A comparison of propensity‐score‐weighted methods
Authors: Handorf Elizabeth A. , Smaldone Marc C. , Movva Sujana , Mitra Nandita 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne of the most common ways researchers compare cancer survival outcomes across treatments from observational data is using Cox regression. This model depends on its underlying assumption of proportional hazards, but in some real‐world cases, such as when comparing different classes of cancer therapies, substantial violations may occur. In this situation, researchers have several alternative methods to choose from, including Cox models with time‐varying hazard ratios; parametric accelerated failure time models; Kaplan–Meier curves; and pseudo‐observations. It is unclear which of these models are likely to perform best in practice. To fill this gap in the literature, we perform a neutral comparison study of candidate approaches. We examine clinically meaningful outcome measures that can be computed and directly compared across each method, namely, survival probability at time T, median survival, and restricted mean survival. To adjust for differences between treatment groups, we use inverse probability of treatment weighting based on the propensity score. We conduct simulation studies under a range of scenarios, and determine the biases, coverages, and standard errors of the average treatment effects for each method. We then demonstrate the use of these approaches using two published observational studies of survival after cancer treatment. The first examines chemotherapy in sarcoma, which has a late treatment effect (i.e., similar survival initially, but after 2 years the chemotherapy group shows a benefit). The other study is a comparison of surgical techniques for kidney cancer, where survival differences are attenuated over time.
Low‐intensity focused ultrasound, a novel approach to epilepsy treatment in developing countries
Authors: Afif Sadaf , Rehan Syeda Tayyaba , ul Hussain Hassan , Islam Md. Saiful 
Published: December 2022

AbstractApproximately 80% of patients with epilepsy reside in poor resource settings. Despite the continued advancements and development of new treatment approaches, epilepsy remains a major health problem in developing countries. Consistent findings of epidemiologic studies reflect that both prevalence and treatment gap are higher in the developing world. The objective of this short review was to evaluate current treatment options and low‐intensity, pulsed‐focused ultrasound (FUS) as a potential new treatment option for epilepsy. Although some of the patients could be candidates for surgery, many factors, including poor health‐care infrastructure, socioeconomic status, risks and complications associated with the surgery, and patients’ preferences and attitudes toward the surgical procedure, limit the adherence to get surgical therapies. Low‐intensity FUS, a novel and noninvasive therapeutic approach, has the potential to be approved by regulatory bodies and added to the list of standard treatment options for epilepsy. Improved understanding of epilepsy's prevalence and incidence in developing worlds, identification of potential new therapeutic options, and their evaluation through continuous studies and clinical trials are needed to reduce the burden of epilepsy and the treatment gap.
The role of decor and clothing in psychotherapeutic practice and research
Authors: Petre Daniel‐Andrei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch QuestionsThe purpose of this study was to answer to the following research questions: (1) How do clients and psychotherapists understand their therapy experiences regarding clothes and decor? (2) Which of these experiences are considered beneficial for the psychotherapeutic process? (3) Which of these experiences are considered detrimental to the psychotherapeutic process? (4) Which of these experiences are considered irrelevant to the psychotherapeutic process?MethodIn this interpretative phenomenological analysis, an in‐depth interview (M = 45 min) was used to collect data on experiences in psychotherapists' offices, related to decor or clothing, from clients (n = 10, 8 women; aged 18–24, Mdn = 21), as well as psychotherapists (n = 9 women psychotherapists; aged 29–58, Mdn = 30). The coding followed both the procedure of grounded theory emergent coding (exploratory inductive coding) and the procedure of framework analysis structured coding (deductive coding, which follows the research questions, with the aim of identifying causality). The interviews were coded by hand, after transcribing each interview verbatim. Coding was conducted in cycles, accompanied by memo writing (Birks et al., 2005).ResultsCollected data were organised into three themes: “positive psychotherapy experiences related to decor and clothing,” “negative psychotherapy experiences related to decor and clothing,” and “irrelevance of decor and clothing to psychotherapy experiences” (13 subthemes).DiscussionsResults were compared with the recent qualitative studies on this topic and with the empirical studies regarding decor and clothing in counselling and psychotherapy (since the 1950s).