bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Printable Epsilon‐Type Structure Transistor Arrays with Highly Reliable Physical Unclonable Functions
Authors: Wang Rui , Liang Kun , Wang Saisai , Cao Yaxiong , Xin Yuhan , Peng Yaqian , Ma Xiaohua , Zhu Bowen , Wang Hong , Hao Yue 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrinted electronics promises to drive the future data‐intensive technologies, with its potential to fabricate novel devices over a large area with low cost on nontraditional substrates. In these emerging technologies, there exists a large digital information flow, which requires secure communication and authentication. Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) offer a promising built‐in hardware‐security system comparable to biometrical data, which can be constructed by device‐specific intrinsic variations in the additive manufacturing process of active devices. However, printed PUFs typically exploit the inherent variation in layer thickness and roughness of active devices. The current in devices with enough significant changes to increase the robustness to external environment noise is still a challenge. Here, printable epsilon‐type‐structure indium tin oxide transistor arrays are demonstrated to construct high‐reliability PUFs by modifying the coffee‐ring structure. The epsilon‐type structure improves the printing scalability, film quality, and device reliability. Furthermore, the print‐induced uncertainty along the channel thickness and length can lead to changes in the carrier concentration. Notably, the randomly distributed printing droplets in a small area significantly increase this uncertainty. As a result, the PUFs exhibit near‐ideal uniformity, uniqueness, randomness, and reliability. Additionally, the PUFs are resilient against machine‐learning‐based attacks with a prediction accuracy of only 55% without postprocessing.
Optimizing the Fermi Level of a 3D Current Collector with Ni3S2/Ni3P Heterostructure for Dendrite‐Free Sodium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Huang Huijuan , Wang Yunlei , Li Menghao , Yang Hai , Chen Zhihao , Jiang Yang , Ye Shufen , Yang Yaxiong , He Shengnan , Pan Hongge , Wu Xiaojun , Yao Yu , Gu Meng , Yu Yan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRechargeable sodium‐metal batteries (RSMBs) with high energy density and low cost are attracting extensive attention as promising energy‐storage technologies. However, the poor cyclability and safety issues caused by unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) structure and dendrite issues limit their practical application. Herein, it is theoretically predicted that constructing the Ni3S2/Ni3P heterostructure with high work function can lower the Fermi energy level, and therefore effectively suppressing continuous electrolyte decomposition derived from the electron‐tunneling effect after long‐term sodiation process. Furthermore, the Ni3S2/Ni3P heterostructure on 3D porous nickel foam (Ni3S2/Ni3P@NF) is experimentally fabricated as an advanced Na‐anode current collector. The seamless Ni3S2/Ni3P heterostructure not only offers abundant active sites to induce uniform Na+ deposition and enhance ion‐transport kinetics, but also facilitates the formation of stable SEI for dendrite‐free sodium anode, which are confirmed by cryogenic components transmission electron microscopy tests and in situ spectroscopy characterization. As a result, the Na‐composite anode (Ni3S2/Ni3P@NF@Na) delivers stable plating/stripping process of 5000 h and high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.7% over 2500 cycles. More impressively, the assembled sodium‐ion full cell displays ultralong cycle life of 10 000 cycles at 20 C. The strategy of stabilizing the sodium‐metal anode gives fundamental insight into the potential construction of advanced RSMBs.
Covalent Organic Frameworks for Capacitive Energy Storage: Recent Progress and Technological Challenges
Authors: Wang Zhuyu , Wang Chaojun , Chen Yuan , Wei Li 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCovalent‐organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging organic crystalline materials with a porous framework that extends into two or three dimensions. Originating from their versatile and rigorous synthesis conditions, COFs have abundant and tunable pores, large and easily accessible surfaces, and plenty of redox‐active sites, making them promising material candidates for various energy storage applications. One important area is to serve as capacitive electrode materials in supercapacitors. This review provides a timely and comprehensive summary of the recent progress in the design and synthesis of COF‐based or COF‐derived materials for capacitive energy storage applications. The review starts with a brief introduction to COFs’ structural features and synthesis methods. Next, recently reported literature is categorized and introduced following their different energy storage mechanisms and material assembly or treatment approaches. Finally, the existing challenges and future directions for realizing practical COF‐based supercapacitors are discussed.
Iron Single‐Atom Catalysts on MXenes for Ultrasensitive Monitoring of Adrenal Tumor Markers and Cellular Dopamine
Authors: Shetty Saptami Suresh , El‐Demellawi Jehad K. , Khan Yusuf , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Arul P. , Mani Veerappan , Alshareef Husam N. , Salama Khaled Nabil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma are the most prevalent malignancies of the adrenal medulla. They are currently diagnosed by measuring urinary catecholamines using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, which is expensive, bulky, and tedious. Electrochemical detectors stand out as low‐cost alternatives; however, further development of functional materials with adequate sensitivity is still required to attain clinically useful diagnostic devices. Here, Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets stabilized with iron single‐atom catalysts (Fe‐SACs), anchored on the surface, are synthesized and utilized as efficient electrocatalysts for the determination of catecholamine (dopamine (DA)) and its end‐products (vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA)). The Fe‐SACs/Ti3C2Tx exhibits low oxidation overpotentials with high signal amplifications up to 610%, 290%, and 420%, and sensitive detection limits of 1.0, 5.0, and 10 nM for DA, VMA, and HVA, respectively. The presence of the atomic Fe elements on the Ti3C2Tx nanosheets is confirmed using high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Fe‐SACs/Ti3C2Tx sensor tracks the in situ production of DA in PC12 cells and found practically useful in analyzing human urine samples. The Fe‐SACs/Ti3C2Tx stands out as a sensitive diagnostic platform for evaluating the progression of tumors and the quality of cellular DA communications
High‐Temperature Thermoelectricity in Narrow‐Gap Semiconductor SmS with Strong Electron‐Hole Asymmetry
Authors: Liao Huijun , Zhou Zizhen , Zheng Sikang , Huang Yuling , Han Guang , Wang Guoyu , Huang Zhengyong , Lu Xu , Li Jian , Zhou Xiaoyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHigh‐temperature thermoelectric (TE) materials are common wide‐gap semiconductors that are used in order to prevent the bipolar effect. Here, a potential high‐temperature n‐type TE material SmS with a simple NaCl structure that demonstrates a narrow band gap of ≈0.25 eV is reported. As expected, a temperature‐dependent carrier concertation is observed, which is attributed to the thermal activation of electrons from valence band edge to conduction band. Interestingly, the intrinsic activation does not cause any sign of a bipolar effect. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the phenomenon originates from the strong electron‐hole asymmetry in the electronic structure and the electron‐to‐hole conductivity ratio is as high as 700–900. As a result, the activated minority carriers barely participate in the TE transport and the maximum power factor reaches 1.41 mW K−2 m−1 at 1123 K. By further alloying with Se to reduce lattice thermal conductivity, a peak zT of ≈1.1 is obtained in Sm1.08S0.78Se0.22 at 1123 K, which is among the best n‐type high‐temperature thermoelectrics. This study proves high‐temperature TE materials can be found in narrow‐gap semiconductors, which significantly enriches the scope of possibilities for novel TE materials.
Decoration of NiFe‐LDH Nanodots Endows Lower Fe‐d Band Center of Fe1‐N‐C Hollow Nanorods as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts with Small Overpotential Gap
Authors: Liu Zheng‐Qi , Liang Xiongyi , Ma Fei‐Xiang , Xiong Yu‐Xuan , Zhang Guobin , Chen Guanhua , Zhen Liang , Xu Cheng‐Yan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle‐atom Fe‐N‐C (denoted as Fe1‐N‐C) catalysts exhibit inadequate bifunctional activities to conquer the sluggish oxygen reduction and evolution reaction (ORR/OER), hindering their practical applications in rechargeable Zn‐air batteries (ZABs). Here, by employing Fe1‐N‐C hollow nanorods as ORR‐active support, OER‐active NiFe‐layered double hydroxide (NiFe‐LDH) nanodots are evenly decorated through a spatially confined process to form NiFe‐LDH/Fe1‐N‐C heterostructure hollow nanorods with abundant accessible catalytic sites. The NiFe‐LDH/Fe1‐N‐C heterostructure not only enhances the ORR activity of pristine Fe1‐N‐C but also realizes efficient bifunctional ORR/OER activity in one monolithic catalyst. Theoretical calculations reveal that introducing NiFe‐LDH nanodots results in donation of electrons to the Fe1‐N‐C matrix and thus lowers the Fe‐d band center of the Fe‐N4 sites, dramatically narrowing the energy barriers of the ORR rate‐limiting steps. As a result, NiFe‐LDH/Fe1‐N‐C nanorods deliver remarkable ORR activity with a half‐wave potential of 0.90 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, surpassing bare Fe1‐N‐C and commercial Pt/C. Impressively, the integrated NiFe‐LDH/Fe1‐N‐C catalysts show outstanding bifunctional performance with a small overpotential gap of only 0.65 V. The liquid‐state ZABs with NiFe‐LDH/Fe1‐N‐C as an air‐cathode catalyst deliver a peak power density of 205 mW cm−2 and long‐term cycling stability of up to 400 h.
Long‐term risk of a fatty liver in liver donors
Authors: Goto Ryoichi , Kawamura Norio , Watanabe Masaaki , Ganchiku Yoshikazu , Nagatsu Akihisa , Okada Kazufumi , Ito Yoichi M. , Kamiyama Toshiya , Shimamura Tsuyoshi , Taketomi Akinobu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimApproximately 30 years have passed since the first experience of living donor liver transplantation. The time to evaluate the long‐term safety of living donors has been fulfilled. Meanwhile, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasingly common and a critical problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of living donor, focusing on fatty liver postdonation hepatectomy.MethodsLiving donors (n = 212, 1997–2019) were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) at >1‐year postdonation. A liver to spleen (L/S) ratio of <1.1 was defined as fatty liver.ResultsAmong 212 living liver donors, 30 (14.2%) detected fatty liver at 5.3 ± 4.2 years postdonation. The cumulative incidence rates of fatty liver were 3.1%, 12.1%, 22.1%, and 27.7% at 2, 5, 10, and 15 years postdonation, respectively. Of 30 subjects who developed fatty liver, 18 (60%) displayed a severe steatosis (L/S ratio <0.9). Five (16.7%) had a prior history of excessive alcohol abuse. More than 30% developed metabolic syndrome including obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Although six (20%) had a Fib‐4 index of >1.3, which included a case with a Fib‐4 index of >2.67, no significant increased Fib‐4 index was observed in the subjects with fatty liver as compared to those without fatty liver (p = 0.66). The independent predictive risk factors for developing fatty liver were male sex, pediatric recipient, and higher body mass index (>25) at donation.ConclusionLiving donors with risk factors for developing fatty liver should be carefully followed‐up for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Direct Expeditious Photochemical Construction of Spirocyclic‐Oxindoles
Authors: Borah Biplob , Sharma Samrita , Chowhan L. Raju 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpirocyclic compounds, particularly spirooxindoles that comprise a tetrahedral sp3‐hybridized carbon atom at the C‐3 position of an orthogonally shaped bicyclic structure have recently received increasing attention in drug discovery and development, besides their major potential in natural products and synthetic organic chemistry. They are found to be the major structural constituents of many alkaloids, and key active building blocks for the construction of various pharmaceutically significant molecules. On the other hand, with the increasing awareness of people about protecting their health and the living environment from the pollution caused by chemical laboratories and industry, the development of a synthetic method that provides alternatives to the traditional one by introducing atom economical sustainable processes is of scientifically and technically demanding but challenging. To address these concerns and inspired by the natural photosynthesis process, recently visible light‐induced chemistry appears to be a highly economic, sustainable, and alternative approach to organic synthesis. The present mini‐review aims to highlight the recent progress accomplished in the straightforward construction of spirooxindoles accelerated by visible light irradiation from the period of 2015 to date. Besides reviewing the advantages achieved in this field, we also attempt to find out the drawback, mechanistic rationalization, and scopes of future applications.
Reversible Markierung in lebenden Zellen mit retro‐konstruierten HaloTags ermöglicht hoch‐ und superauflösende Langzeitbildgebung
Authors: Holtmannspötter Michael , Wienbeuker Eike , Dellmann Timo , Watrinet Isabelle , Garcia‐Sáez Ana J. , Johnsson Kai , Kurre Rainer , Piehler Jacob 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSelbstmarkierende Enzyme (SME) wie der HaloTag haben sich als leistungsstarke Werkzeuge in der hoch‐ und superauflösenden Fluoreszenzmikroskopie erwiesen. Neu entwickelte fluorogene SME‐Substrate ermöglichen die Bildgebung in Gegenwart von überschüssigem Farbstoff. Um diese Eigenschaft für die reversible Markierung zu nutzen, haben wir zwei Varianten von HaloTag7 mit wiederhergestellter Dehalogenase‐Aktivität entwickelt. Kinetische Studien in vitro zeigten unterschiedliche Umsatzkinetiken für reHaloTagS (≈0.006 s−1) und reHaloTagF (≈0.055 s−1). Die Bildgebung mittels konfokaler und Stimulated Emission Depletion Mikroskopie ergab eine drei‐ bis fünffach erhöhte Photostabilität der reHaloTag‐Markierung. Die Abbildung einzelner Moleküle mit reHaloTags ermöglichte eine kontrollierte und stabile Markierungsdichte über längere Zeiträume. Durch die Kombination mit strukturierter Beleuchtung wurde die gleichzeitige Visualisierung von Einzelmoleküldiffusion und organellarer Dynamik erreicht. Diese Anwendungen verdeutlichen das Potenzial der reHaloTag‐Markierung um die Grenzen fortschrittlicher Fluoreszenzmikroskopie‐techniken zu erweitern.
Kupfer(I) Photokatalysierte Bromnitroalkylierung von Olefinen: Hinweise für effizienten Inner‐Sphären Mechanismus
Authors: Reichle Alexander , Koch Magdalena , Sterzel Hannes , Großkopf Lea‐Joy , Floss Johannes , Rehbein Julia , Reiser Oliver 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWir berichten eine durch sichtbares Licht kupferkatalysierte vicinale Difunktionalisierung von Olefinen unter Verwendung von Bromnitroalkanen als ATRA‐Reagenzien. Dieses Protokoll zeichnet sich durch hohe Ausbeuten und schnelle Reaktionszeiten unter umweltfreundlichen Reaktionsbedingungen mit außergewöhnlich breitem Substratspektrum aus. Darüber ist die Funktionalisierung biologisch aktiver Moleküle und das Skalieren auf Grammmengen möglich, was vielfältige Möglichkeiten für weitere Transformationen bietet, z. B. den Zugang zu Nitro‐ und Aminocyclopropanen. Neben dem synthetischen Nutzen der Reaktion untermauert diese Studie die exklusive Rolle von Kupfer in der Photoredoxkatalyse und zeigt dessen Fähigkeit, radikalische Zwischenstufen in seiner Koordinationssphäre zu stabilisieren und mit ihnen zu interagieren. EPR‐Studien deuten darauf hin, dass solche Wechselwirkungen im Gegensatz zu Iridium‐basierten Photokatalysatoren sogar eine sehr günstige Zyklisierung von transienten zu persistenten Radikalen übertreffen können.
Dendronized DNA Chimeras Harness Scavenger Receptors To Degrade Cell Membrane Proteins
Authors: Zhu Chenghong , Wang Weishan , Wang Yan , Zhang Yan , Li Jinbo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBispecific chimeras bridging cell membrane proteins with lysosome‐trafficking receptors (LTRs) provide an effective therapeutic approach through lysosomal degradation of disease‐relevant targets. Here, we report a novel dendronized DNA chimera (DENTAC) strategy that uses a dendritic DNA to engage cell surface scavenger receptors (SRs) as LTR. Using bioorthogonal strain‐promoted alkyne‐azide cycloaddition to conjugate the dendritic DNA with protein binder, the resulting DENTAC is able to traffic the protein target into the lysosome for elimination. We demonstrated the utility of DENTAC by degrading oncogenic membrane nucleolin (NCL) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The anti‐cancer application of NCL‐targeting DENTAC was validated in a mouse xenograft model of lung cancer. This work thus presents a new avenue for rapid development of potent degraders against membrane proteins, with also broad research and therapeutic prospects.
Investigation of molecular interaction, performance of green solvent in esterification of ethanol and acetic acid at 298.15 K and at 1 atm
Authors: Ramalingam Anantharaj , Banerjee Tamal , Santhi Vivek Mariappan , Mishra Dhirendra Kumar , Reji Danish John Paul Mark , Nagaraj Shruthi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the present study, the potential of a selective green solvent for the low temperature esterification were analysed. Hence, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate {[EMIM][HSO4]},1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ethylsulphate {[EMIM][EtSO4]}, choline chloride glycerol {[ChCl][Gly]} and choline chloride acetic acid {[ChCl][AA]} were chosen as a selective green solvent. Whereas water, ethanol, acetic acid can be treated as molecular solvent used in the esterification process. In this reason, density of eight binary mixtures over the entire mole fractions were measured at different temperature ranges. The results have been used to calculate the excess and derived thermodynamic properties, to measure the strength of molecular interaction between mixing components. Further, the sigma profile and sigma potential plot were generated and analysed. According to density, volumetric properties, molecular polarity results, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate [EMIM][HSO4] was chosen as green solvent for the green esterification process. Finally, [EMIM][HSO4] based low temperature esterification were conducted at 298.15 K and 1 atm. 80.96% of n‐BuAc was achieved.
Silver decorated magnesium doped photoactive layer for improved collection of photo‐generated current in polymer solar cell
Authors: Ahmed Abdallah Y. A. , Ike Jude N. , Hamed Mohammed S. G. , Mola Genene Tessema 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSilver doped magnesium (Ag:Mg) bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) were successfully synthesized using wet chemical processing. The collection of enhanced photocurrents is possible through metal nanoparticles in the photoactive layer of a thin‐film organic solar cell (TFOSC). This investigation employed poly‐3‐hexylthiophene(P3HT) and [6‐6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) polymer blend solar absorbers in a conventional device structure. The solar cell performances were found to depend on the concentration of Ag:Mg BMNPs in the photoactive medium. Consequently, significant device performance was recorded for the solar cells containing Ag:Mg BMNPs at all doping levels compared to the un‐doped devices. Therefore, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.11% was achieved at a 1.5 wt% doping level with a high fill factor of 56% compared to the reference cell. The performance improvement in PCE constitutes a 79% improvement, which is much higher than undoped solar cells. This result was attributed to the occurrence of the localized surface plasmon resonance effect (LSPR), which is favorable for boosting the optical absorption and charge transport processes in TFOSC.
Qualitative and quantitative method for quality control of Itea ilicifolia based on antioxidant Q‐markers
Authors: Feng Yunqian , Zhang Pan , Yang Yaxin , Wang Zhiwei , Luo Guoyong , Yang Wude 
Published: February 2023

AbstractItea ilicifolia Oliv is a folk medicine with antioxidant potential. In this study, the fingerprints of 14 batches of I. ilicifolia were established by HPLC with 17 common peaks. The similarities evaluated by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia (version 2012) were >0.89. Ten compounds were identified with definite structures by comparing the retention time and characteristic UV spectral pattern with those of reference substances. The antioxidant capacities of 14 batches of I. ilicifolia were evaluated based on O2·−, DPPH and ABTS·+ radical scavenging assays in combination with ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Via multivariate statistical analyses of gray relation analysis, bivariate correlation analysis and partial least squares regression analysis, a study on the spectrum–effect relationship was then performed to screen eight peaks as the antioxidant Q‐markers of I. ilicifolia. The contents of representative antioxidant Q‐markers (isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, isovitexin and iteafuranal A) in samples were accurately determined to be 0.054–0.118%, 0.034–0.080%, 0.018–0.055%, 0.031–0.091% and 0.033–0.140%, respectively. The qualitative and quantitative analytical method based on Q‐markers helps to control the antioxidant quality of I. ilicifolia, which will lay the foundation to promote the rational utilization of I. ilicifolia in curing diseases related to oxidative stress.
Combining lipidomics and efficacy‐oriented compatibility revealed that Qi Ge decoction compatibility improved lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats
Authors: Fan Simin , Yu Xiaoqing , Li Yanfang , Zhou Zunming , Ye Jintong , Guo Kaixin , Huang Keer , Ke Xuehong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe mechanism underlying traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compatibility is difficult to understand. This study combined lipidomics and efficacy‐oriented compatibility to explore underlying compatibility mechanisms of Qi Ge decoction (QG) for improving lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats. The QG was divided into three groups according to the efficacy group strategy: the Huangqi–Gegen (HG), Chenpi (CP), and QG groups. Hyperlipidemic rats were treated with QG, HG, CP, or atorvastatin for 3 weeks. The mass spectral data of widely targeted lipidomics were used to evaluate lipid changes. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to assess the lipidomic differences between the groups. MetaboAnalyst 5.0 was used to explore metabolic pathways. Compared with the model group, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and hepatic steatosis were significantly reduced by QG, whereas HG and CP had no significant effects on these indexes. Lipidomics showed that QG, HG, and CP back‐regulated 60, 11, and 14 lipids, respectively. Compared with HG and CP, QG had more metabolic targets in diglycerides, triglycerides, ceramides, and phosphatidylethanolamines. Pathway analysis indicated that QG mainly regulated glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid metabolism. This study provided a new method of combining lipidomics and efficacy‐oriented compatibility for exploring the scientific connotation of TCM compatibility.