bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transnational economic activism and private regulatory power
Authors: Delimatsis Panagiotis 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Private bodies involved in global regulatory governance shape and monitor economic behaviour. Their regulatory power has greatly increased over the last several decades. Thanks to an impressive apparatus of standard-setting, they have transformed economic activity. The dominance of private bodies in standard-setting has continued despite crises to which they themselves have contributed. Existing literature suggests that the State ‘orchestrates’ private regulatory activity, thereby retaining a high level of control. Yet, this article shows that the opposite has occurred: crises, broadly defined as disruptive events, make private bodies more resilient or generate new transnational ones. The lack of State control has ushered in a new era of private authority. Private bodies use crises as opportunities to reorganize and become more assertive in norm-creation, overriding and substituting State powers. Free from organizational hierarchies, formal accountability structures, scrutiny, pressure, and obligations, private bodies expand their regulatory domain, enhance their collective memory and identity, and grow stronger through crises. Future empirical work on the interaction between public regulatory and supervisory authorities and private rule-makers can make a difference in ensuring that private rule-making serves the public interest.
Derandomised knockoffs: leveraging e-values for false discovery rate control
Authors: Ren Zhimei , Barber Rina Foygel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Model-X knockoffs is a flexible wrapper method for high-dimensional regression algorithms, which provides guaranteed control of the false discovery rate (FDR). Due to the randomness inherent to the method, different runs of model-X knockoffs on the same dataset often result in different sets of selected variables, which is undesirable in practice. In this article, we introduce a methodology for derandomising model-X knockoffs with provable FDR control. The key insight of our proposed method lies in the discovery that the knockoffs procedure is in essence an e-BH procedure. We make use of this connection and derandomise model-X knockoffs by aggregating the e-values resulting from multiple knockoff realisations. We prove that the derandomised procedure controls the FDR at the desired level, without any additional conditions (in contrast, previously proposed methods for derandomisation are not able to guarantee FDR control). The proposed method is evaluated with numerical experiments, where we find that the derandomised procedure achieves comparable power and dramatically decreased selection variability when compared with model-X knockoffs.
Causal analysis at extreme quantiles with application to London traffic flow data
Authors: Bhuyan Prajamitra , Jana Kaushik , McCoy Emma J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Transport engineers employ various interventions to enhance traffic-network performance. Quantifying the impacts of Cycle Superhighways is complicated due to the non-random assignment of such an intervention over the transport network. Treatment effects on asymmetric and heavy-tailed distributions are better reflected at extreme tails rather than at the median. We propose a novel method to estimate the treatment effect at extreme tails incorporating heavy-tailed features in the outcome distribution. The analysis of London transport data using the proposed method indicates that the extreme traffic flow increased substantially after Cycle Superhighways came into operation.
Role of Candida in the bioremediation of pollutants: a review
Authors: Rana Samriti , Handa Shristi , Aggarwal Yadu , Puri Sanjeev , Chatterjee Mary 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The population and modernization of society have increased dramatically from past few decades. In order to meet societal expectations, there has been a massive industrialization and resource exploitation. Anthropogenic practices like disposal of hazardous waste, large carbon footprint release variety of xenobiotic substances into the environment, which endanger the health of the natural ecosystem. Therefore, discovering proper long-term treatment approaches is a global concern. Various physical and chemical approaches are employed to remove contaminants. However, these technologies possess limitations like high cost and low efficacy. Consequently, bioremediation is regarded as one of the most promising remedies to these problems. It creates the option of either totally removing pollutants or transforming them into nonhazardous compounds with the use of natural biological agents. Several microorganisms are being utilized for bioremediation among which yeasts possess benefits such as high biodegradability, ease of cultivation etc. The yeast of Candida genus has the capability to effectively eliminate heavy metal ions, as well as to degrade and emulsify hydrocarbons which makes it a promising candidate for this purpose. The review highlights many potential uses of Candida in various remediation strategies and discusses future directions for research in this field.
Transition Needs Among Veterans Living With Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Patel Mansi , Jomy Jane , Couban Rachel J , Scelleur Hélène Le , Busse Jason W 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
A third of Canadian Armed Forces veterans report difficulty adjusting to post-military life. Moreover, an estimated 40% of Canadian veterans live with chronic pain, which is likely associated with greater needs during the transition from military to civilian life. This review explores challenges and transition needs among military personnel living with chronic pain as they return to civilian life.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to July 2022, for qualitative, observational, and mixed-method studies exploring transition needs among military veterans released with chronic pain. Reviewers, working independently and in duplicate, conducted screening and used a standardized and pilot-tested data collection form to extract data from all included studies. Content analysis was used to create a coding template to identify patterns in challenges and unmet needs of veterans transitioning to civilian life, and we summarized our findings in a descriptive manner.

Results
Of 10,532 unique citations, we identified 43 studies that reported transition challenges and needs of military personnel; however, none were specific to individuals released with chronic pain. Most studies (41 of 43; 95%) focused on military personnel in general, with one study enrolling individuals with traumatic brain injury and another including homeless veterans. We identified military-to-civilian challenges in seven areas: (1) identity, (2) interpersonal interactions/relationships, (3) employment, (4) education, (5) finances, (6) self-care and mental health, and (7) accessing services and care.

Conclusions
Military personnel who transition to civilian life report several important challenges; however, the generalizability to individuals released with chronic pain is uncertain. Further research is needed to better understand the transition experiences of veterans with chronic pain to best address their needs and enhance their well-being.
Evolution of double oxygen–neon white dwarf merger remnant
Authors: Wu Chengyuan , Xiong Heran , Han Zhanwen , Wang Bo 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Double white dwarf (WD) merger process and their post-merger evolution are important in many fields of astronomy, such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, gravitational waves, and so on. The evolutionary outcomes of double ultra-massive WD merger remnants are still a subject of debate, though the general consensus is that the merger remnant will collapse to form a neutron star (NS). In this work, we investigate the evolution of a $2.20\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ merger remnant stemmed from the coalescence of double $1.10\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ ONe WDs. We find that the remnant ignites off-centre neon burning at the position near the surface of primary WD soon after the merger, resulting in the stable inwardly propagating oxygen/neon (O/Ne) flame. The final outcomes of the merger remnant are sensitive to the effect of convective boundary mixing. If the mixing cannot stall the O/Ne flame, the flame will reach the centre within 20 yr, leading to the formation of super Chandrasekhar mass silicon core, and its final fate probably be NS through iron-core-collapse supernova. In contrast, if the convective mixing is effective enough to prevent the O/Ne flame from reaching the centre, the merger remnant will undergo electron capture supernova to form an ONeFe WD. Meanwhile, we find that the wind mass loss process may hardly alter the final fate of the remnant due to its fast evolution. Our results imply that the coalescence of double ONe WDs can form short lived giant like object, but the final outcomes (NS or ONeFe WD) are influenced by the uncertain convective mixing in O/Ne flame.
Constraining the X-ray heating and reionization using 21-cm power spectra with Marginal Neural Ratio Estimation
Authors: Saxena Anchal , Cole Alex , Gazagnes Simon , Meerburg P Daniel , Weniger Christoph , Witte Samuel J 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Cosmic Dawn (CD) and Epoch of Reionization (EoR) are epochs of the Universe which host invaluable information about the cosmology and astrophysics of X-ray heating and hydrogen reionization. Radio interferometric observations of the 21-cm line at high redshifts have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of the Universe during this time. However, modelling the evolution of these epochs is particularly challenging due to the complex interplay of many physical processes. This makes it difficult to perform the conventional statistical analysis using the likelihood-based Markov-Chain Monte Carlo (mcmc) methods, which scales poorly with the dimensionality of the parameter space. In this paper, we show how the Simulation-Based Inference through Marginal Neural Ratio Estimation (mnre) provides a step towards evading these issues. We use 21cmFAST to model the 21-cm power spectrum during CD–EoR with a six-dimensional parameter space. With the expected thermal noise from the Square Kilometre Array, we are able to accurately recover the posterior distribution for the parameters of our model at a significantly lower computational cost than the conventional likelihood-based methods. We further show how the same training data set can be utilized to investigate the sensitivity of the model parameters over different redshifts. Our results support that such efficient and scalable inference techniques enable us to significantly extend the modelling complexity beyond what is currently achievable with conventional mcmc methods.
Linear and non-linear eccentric mode evolution in unstratified MHD discs
Authors: Lynch Elliot M , Dewberry Janosz W 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we develop a framework for studying unstratified, magnetized eccentric discs and compute uniformly precessing eccentric modes in a cylindrical annulus which provide convenient initial conditions for numerical simulations. The presence of a magnetic field in an eccentric disc can be described by an effective gas with a modified equation of state. At magnetic field strengths relevant to the magneto-rotational instability the magnetic field has negligible influence on the evolution of the eccentric disc, however, the eccentric disc can significantly enhance the magnetic field strength over that in the a circular disc. We verify the suitability of these eccentric disc solutions by carrying out 2D simulations in ramses. Our simulated modes (in 2D) follow a similar evolution to the purely hydrodynamical modes, matching theoretical expectations, provided they are adequately resolved. Such solutions will provide equilibrium states for studies of the eccentric magneto-rotational instability and magnetized parametric instability in unstratified discs and are useful for exploring the response of disc turbulence on top of a fluid flow varying on the orbital time-scale.
DUVET survey: mapping outflows in the metal-poor starburst Mrk 1486
Authors: McPherson Daniel K , Fisher Deanne B , Nielsen Nikole M , Kacprzak Glenn G , Chu Bronwyn Reichardt , Cameron Alex J , Bolatto Alberto D , Chisholm John , Fielding Drummond B , Berg Danielle , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Li Miao , Vaught Ryan J Rickards , Sandstrom Karin 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a method to characterize star-formation driven outflows from edge-on galaxies and apply this method to the metal-poor starburst galaxy, Mrk 1486. Our method uses the distribution of emission line flux (from H β and [O iii] 5007) to identify the location of the outflow and measure the extent above the disc, the opening angle, and the transverse kinematics. We show that this simple technique recovers a similar distribution of the outflow without requiring complex modelling of line-splitting or multi-Gaussian components, and is therefore applicable to lower spectral resolution data. In Mrk 1486 we observe an asymmetric outflow in both the location of the peak flux and total flux from each lobe. We estimate an opening angle of 17–37° depending on the method and assumptions adopted. Within the minor axis outflows, we estimate a total mass outflow rate of ∼2.5 M⊙ yr−1, which corresponds to a mass loading factor of η = 0.7. We observe a non-negligible amount of flux from ionized gas outflowing along the edge of the disc (perpendicular to the biconical components), with a mass outflow rate ∼0.9 M⊙ yr−1. Our results are intended to demonstrate a method that can be applied to high-throughput low spectral resolution observations, such as narrow-band filters or low spectral resolution integral field spectrographs that may be more able to recover the faint emission from outflows.
Two large-scale sloshing cold fronts in the outskirts of the galaxy cluster Abell 3558
Authors: Mirakhor M S , Walker S A , Sundquist M , Chandra D 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Previous studies of the massive nearby galaxy cluster Abell 3558 reported a cold front around the cluster core, which is attributed to the sloshing of the core as it responds to the gravitational disturbance created by a past minor merger. Here, using XMM–Newton mosaic, we report the detection of two rare large-scale sloshing cold fronts far outside the cooling radius of Abell 3558. One of the detected cold fronts is located 600 kpc from the cluster core to the south-east, while the other is located 1.2 Mpc from the cluster core to the north-west. The latter cold front is one of the most distant cold fronts ever observed in a galaxy cluster. Our findings are in agreement with previous studies that sloshing can extend well beyond the cooling radius, on scales exceeding half the virial radius, suggesting that sloshing is a cluster-wide phenomenon and may affect the cluster’s global properties.
Protection of COVID-19 Vaccination Against Hospitalization During the Era of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 Predominance: A Nationwide Case–Control Study Based on the French National Health Data System
Authors: Semenzato Laura , Botton Jérémie , Le Vu Stéphane , Jabagi Marie-Joëlle , Cuenot François , Drouin Jérôme , Dray-Spira Rosemary , Weill Alain , Zureik Mahmoud 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Knowing the duration of effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster doses is essential to providing decision-makers with scientific arguments about the frequency of subsequent injections. We estimated the level of protection against COVID-19-related hospitalizations (Omicron BA.4-BA.5) over time after vaccination, accounting for breakthrough infections.

Methods
In this nationwide case–control study, all cases of hospitalizations for COVID-19 identified in the comprehensive French National Health Data System between June 1, 2022, and October 15, 2022, were matched with up to 10 controls by year of birth, sex, department, and an individual COVID-19 hospitalization risk score. Conditional logistic regressions were used to estimate the level of protection against COVID-19-related hospitalizations conferred by primary and booster vaccination, accounting for history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Results
A total of 38 839 cases were matched to 377 653 controls; 19.2% and 9.9% were unvaccinated, respectively, while 68.2% and 77.7% had received ≥1 booster dose. Protection provided by primary vaccination reached 45% (95% CI, 42%–47%). The incremental effectiveness of booster doses ranged from 69% (95% CI, 67%–71%; ≤2 months) to 22% (95% CI, 19%–25%; ≥6 months). Specifically, the second booster provided an additional protection compared with the first ranging from 61% (95% CI, 59%–64%; ≤2 months) to 7% (95% CI, 2%–13%; ≥4 months). Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection conferred a strong, long-lasting protection (51% ≥20 months). There was no incremental effectiveness of a second booster among individuals infected since the first booster.

Conclusions
In the era of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 predominance, primary vaccination still conferred protection against COVID-19 hospitalization, while booster doses provided an additional time-limited protection. The second booster had no additional protection in case of infection since the first booster.
Effect on the Resistome of Dual vs Monotherapy for the Treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (ResistAZM Trial)
Authors: Vanbaelen Thibaut , Florence Eric , Van Dijck Christophe , Tsoumanis Achilleas , Laumen Jolein Gyonne Elise , Santhini Manoharan-Basil Sheena , Abdellati Saïd , De Block Tessa , De Baetselier Irith , Van den Bossche Dorien , Van Herrewege Yven , Rotsaert Anke , Kenyon Chris 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
No randomized controlled trial (RCT) has compared the impact on the resistome of ceftriaxone (CRO) plus azithromycin (AZM) vs CRO for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoea (NG).

Methods
This was an open-label, single-center, RCT comparing the effect on the resistome of CRO plus AZM vs CRO for the treatment of NG. Men who have sex with men (MSM) with genital, anorectal, or pharyngeal NG infection were randomized into the CRO/AZM and CRO arms. Oral rinse and anorectal samples were taken for culture and resistome profiling at 2 visits (baseline and day 14). The primary outcome was the ratio of mean macrolide resistance determinants in anorectal samples from day 14 between arms.

Results
Twenty individuals were randomized into the CRO/AZM arm and 22 into the CRO arm. We found no significant difference in the mean macrolide resistance determinants in the day 14 anorectal samples between arms (ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.55–1.83; P = .102). The prevalence of baseline macrolide resistance was high (CRO/AZM arm = 95.00%; CRO arm = 90.91%).

Conclusions
We could not demonstrate a significant effect of dual CRO/AZM therapy on the resistome compared with CRO alone, likely due to a high baseline resistance to AZM. Interventions to prevent the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in MSM are needed.
Researcher Experience and Comfort With Telemedicine and Remote Patient Monitoring in Cancer Treatment Trials
Authors: Lichtenstein Morgan R L , Levit Laura A , Schenkel Caroline , Kirkwood Kelsey , Fashoyin-Aje Lola A , Bruinooge Suanna S , Kelley Michael J , Mailman Josh A , Magnuson Allison , Mirda Daniel P , Natesan Divya , Hershman Dawn L 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Since the onset of COVID-19, oncology practices across the US have integrated telemedicine (TM) and remote patient monitoring (RPM) into routine care and clinical trials. The extent of provider experience and comfort with TM/RPM in treatment trials, however, is unknown. We surveyed oncology researchers to assess experience and comfort with TM/RPM.

Methods
Between April 10 and June 1, 2022, we distributed email surveys to US-based members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) whose member records indicated interest or specialization in clinical research. We collected respondent demographic data, clinical trial experience, workplace characteristics, and comfort and experience with TM/RPM use across trial components in phase I and phase II/III trials. TM/RPM was defined as clinical trial-related healthcare and monitoring for patients geographically separated from trial site.

Results
There were 141 surveys analyzed (5.1% response rate). Ninety percent of respondents had been Principal Investigators, 98% practiced in a norural site. Most respondents had enrolled patients in phase I (82%) and phase II/III trials (99%). Across all phases and trial components, there was a higher frequency of researcher comfort compared to experience. Regarding remote care in treatment trials, 75% reported using TM, RPM, or both. Among these individuals, 62% had never provided remote care to trial patients before the pandemic.

Conclusion
COVID-19 spurred the rise of TM/RPM in cancer treatment trials, and some TM/RPM use continues in this context. Among oncology researchers, higher levels of comfort compared with real-world experience with TM/RPM reveal opportunities for expanding TM/RPM policies and guidelines in oncology research.
Efficacy of Capecitabine and Temozolomide Regimen in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Data From the Turkish Oncology Group
Authors: Ünal Çağlar , Azizy Abdulmunir , Karabulut Senem , Taştekin Didem , Akyıldız Arif , Yaşar Serkan , Yalçın Şuayib , Çoban Eyüp , Evrensel Türkkan , Kalkan Ziya , Oruç Zeynep , Derin Sümeyra , Turna Zeynep Hande , Bayram Doğan , Köş Fahriye Tuğba , Şendur Mehmet Ali Nihat , Sever Nadiye , Ercelep Özlem , Seyyar Mustafa , Kefeli Umut , Uygun Kazım , Özçelik Melike , Ön Sercan , Şanlı Ulus Ali , Canaslan Kübra , Ünek İlkay Tuba , Yücel Kadriye Bir , Özdemir Nuriye , Yazıcı Ozan , Güzel Halil Göksel , Salim Derya Kıvrak , Göksu Sema Sezgin , Tatlı Ali Murat , Ordu Çetin , Selvi Oğuzhan , Sakin Abdullah , Büyükbayram Mehmet Emin , Dursun Bengü , Ürün Yüksel , Arak Hacı , Ağdaş Gözde , Uğraklı Muzaffer , Hendem Engin , Eryılmaz Melek Karakurt , Bilgin Burak , Topçu Atakan , Şimşek Melih , Büyükşimşek Mahmut , Akay Büşra , Erdal Gülçin Şahingöz , Karataş Fatih , Alan Özkan , Çağlayan Melek , Kahvecioğlu Fatma Akdağ , Demirci Ayşe , Paksoy Nail , Çetin Bülent , Gümüş Mahmut , Ak Naziye , Aydınalp Yasemin , Paydaş Semra , Güven Deniz Can , Kılıçkap Saadettin , Sağlam Sezer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
This study aims to report the efficacy and safety of capecitabine plus temozolomide (CAPTEM) across different lines of treatment in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

Methods
We conducted a multicenter retrospective study analyzing the data of 308 patients with metastatic NETs treated with CAPTEM between 2010 and 2022 in 34 different hospitals across various regions of Turkey.

Results
The median follow-up time was 41.0 months (range: 1.7-212.1), and the median age was 53 years (range: 22-79). Our results across the entire patient cohort showed a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 10.6 months and a median overall survival (OS) of 60.4 months. First-line CAPTEM treatment appeared more effective, with a median PFS of 16.1 months and a median OS of 105.8 months (median PFS 16.1, 7.9, and 9.6 months in first-, second- and ≥third-line respectively, P = .01; with median OS values of 105.8, 47.2, and 24.1 months, respectively, P = .003) In terms of ORR, the first-line treatment again performed better, resulting in an ORR of 54.7% compared to 33.3% and 30.0% in the second and third or higher lines, respectively (P &lt; .001). Grade 3-4 side effects occurred only in 22.5% of the patients, leading to a discontinuation rate of 9.5%. Despite the differences in outcomes based on treatment line, we did not observe a significant difference in terms of side effects between the first and subsequent lines of treatment.

Conclusions and Relevance
The substantial superior outcomes in patients receiving first-line CAPTEM treatment highlight its potential as an effective treatment strategy for patients with metastatic NET.