bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The EU's CBAM and Its ‘Significant Others’: Three Perspectives on the Political Fallout from Europe's Unilateral Climate Policy Initiative
Authors: Smith Ida Dokk , Overland Indra , Szulecki Kacper 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs part of the European Green Deal, the European Commission has launched a tool to protect the fulfilment of Europe's climate policy targets – the carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM). It is thought that the CBAM will spark stiff resistance from Europe's external trade partners, potentially undermining the initiative. How this plays out will depend in part on who the opponents and potential allies are – and how the European Union (EU) engages with them. But which non‐EU countries have a stake in the CBAM? The criteria for selecting third countries that are relevant for the CBAM are often implicit, which can lead to contradictory policy analyses and confused climate diplomacy. This research note compares three different perspectives that result in different lists of non‐EU countries that are important for the success of the CBAM. Awareness of these three perspectives amongst EU actors can help the CBAM succeed.
SAMCEP Society consensus on the treatment of upper facial lines with botulinum neurotoxin type A: A tailored approach
Authors: Braccini F. , Catoni I. , Belfkira F. , Lagier J. , Roze E. , Paris J. , Huth J. , Bronsard V. , Cartier H. , David M. , Galatoire O. , Obadia D. , Sabatier H. , Sarfati E. , Kestemont P. , Winter C. , Redaelli A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe safety and efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) treatments are well established, but injection techniques, target muscles, and toxin doses continue to evolve, with each refinement producing improvements in treatment outcomes. The recommendations in this consensus move away from standard templates and illustrate how to tailor treatments to individual patterns and strengths of muscle activity, and patient preferences.MethodsSeventeen experts in the fields of plastic surgery, dermatology, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, and neurology convened in 2022 to develop consensus‐based recommendations for the use of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of horizontal forehead lines, glabellar frown lines, and crow's feet lines that reflect current clinical practice. The focus was on how to tailor injections to individual patients to optimize treatment outcomes.ResultsFor each upper face indication, consensus members describe how to perform a dynamic assessment to optimize the dose and injection technique for each patient. A tailored treatment protocol is presented for commonly observed patterns of dynamic lines. Units of Inco are defined and the precise location of injection points, illustrated with the use of anatomical images.ConclusionThis consensus provides up‐to‐date recommendations on the tailored treatment of upper facial lines based on the latest research and collective clinical experience of the expert injectors. Optimal outcomes require thorough patient evaluation, both at rest and during animation, using both visual and tactile cues; detailed understanding of facial muscular anatomy and how opposing muscles interact; and use of a BoNTA with high precision to target identified zones of excess muscle activity.
Pathological characteristics of breast nodules after large‐volume fat grafting for breast augmentation
Authors: Li Yibao , Yao Yao , Li Jian , He Yunfan , Xu Mimi , Liu Kaiyang , You Xin , Chen Kaiqi , Lu Feng , Gao Jianhua , Liao Yunjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe complications of large‐volume fat grafting (LVFG) for breast augmentation remain unpredictable and include palpable breast nodules, oil cysts, and calcifications.AimsThis study was aimed to provide an optimal treatment option for breast nodules after LVFG and evaluate their pathological characteristics.Patients/MethodsWe effectively performed complete resection of breast nodules in 29 patients after LVFG using a minimal skin incision with the vacuum‐assisted breast biopsy (VABB) system under ultrasound guidance. And we further carried on histologic examination of excised nodules and evaluated their pathological characteristics.ResultsThe breast nodules were excised thoroughly with cosmetic effect satisfactorily. Interestingly, subsequent histologic examination showed that type I and VI collagens were strongly expressed in the fibrotic area and type IV collagen were positively expressed around the blood vessel. Furthermore, we found that the type VI collagen+ area appeared around mac2+ macrophages and α‐SMA+ myofibroblasts.ConclusionsThe VABB system may be the optimal treatment option for breast nodules after LVFG. And type VI collagens may serve as a biomarker of grafted adipose tissue fibrosis. The relationship between macrophages, fibroblasts, and collagen formation may be therapeutic targets for regulating fibrosis.
Beet mosaic virus expression of a betalain transcription factor allows visual virus tracking in Beta vulgaris
Authors: Rollwage Lukas , Maiss Edgar , Menzel Wulf , Hossain Roxana , Varrelmann Mark 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the field of plant virology, the usage of reverse genetic systems has been reported for multiple purposes. One is understanding virus–host interaction by labelling viral cDNA clones with fluorescent protein genes to allow visual virus tracking throughout a plant, albeit this visualization depends on technical devices. Here we report the first construction of an infectious cDNA full‐length clone of beet mosaic virus (BtMV) that can be efficiently used for Agrobacterium‐mediated leaf inoculation with high infection rate in Beta vulgaris, being indistinguishable from the natural virus isolate regarding symptom development and vector transmission. Furthermore, the BtMV clone was tagged with the genes for the monomeric red fluorescent protein or the Beta vulgaris BvMYB1 transcription factor, which activates the betalain biosynthesis pathway. The heterologous expression of BvMYB1 results in activation of betalain biosynthesis genes in planta, allowing visualization of the systemic BtMV spread with the naked eye as red pigmentation emerging throughout beet leaves. In the case of BtMV, the BvMYB1 marker system is stable over multiple mechanical host passages, allows qualitative as well as quantitative virus detection and offers an excellent opportunity to label viruses in plants of the order Caryophyllales, allowing an in‐depth investigation of virus–host interactions on the whole plant level.
Locally relevant food‐based recommendations could increase iron and calcium intake for adolescent girls in Vietnam
Authors: Gie Simone Michelle , Nguyen Phuong Hong , Bergeron Gilles , Tran Lan Mai , Hoang Nga Thu , Knight Frances 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnhealthy eating habits are common among adolescents in Vietnam, where transitioning food environments increasingly offer energy‐dense micronutrient‐poor foods. Successful behavior change approaches must be feasible and acceptable, promoting local foods that are available, accessible, and preferred. Yet, few studies have investigated the potential of food‐based approaches for adolescents. We used linear programming to identify problem nutrients, local nutrient sources, and realistic food‐based recommendations (FBRs) to improve nutrient intake among girls 16–22 years in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. We then identified a reduced set of FBRs to prioritize the most critical micronutrient gaps. Calcium and iron targets could not be met in any realistic diet modeling scenario. The best set of FBRs included seven recommendations which could meet intake targets for 9 of 11 modeled micronutrients. The best reduced set of three FBRs targeting iron and calcium only—although more feasible for behavior change—was less effective at improving intake of these nutrients since fewer foods were recommended. Given the difficulty of meeting calcium and iron targets using local foods within acceptable dietary patterns, additional interventions, such as supplementation, staple food fortification, or increasing the availability of affordable calcium‐ and iron‐rich foods, may be necessary to promote dietary adequacy for adolescent girls.
A novel acute kidney injury scoring system for renal and clinical outcomes in pediatric heart transplant patients
Authors: Mai Daniel H. , Sutherland Scott , Blinder Joshua , Hollander Seth A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe development of acute kidney injury (AKI) has been associated with worse outcomes in children after heart transplantation. Our study compares the application of a cumulative six‐point Kidney Diseases Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKI scoring system, utilizing both creatinine and urine output criteria that we term as the AKI‐6 criteria, to traditional AKI staging as a predictor for clinical and renal outcomes in the pediatric heart transplant recipients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective single‐center chart review on 155 pediatric patients who underwent heart transplantation from May 2014 to December 2021. The primary independent variable was the presence of severe AKI. Severe AKI by KDIGO was defined as Stage ≥2, whereas severe AKI by AKI‐6 was defined as cumulative scores ≥4 or Stage 3 AKI based on either KDIGO criterion alone. Primary outcomes included actuarial survival and renal dysfunction by 1‐year post‐transplant, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2.ResultsIn total, 140 (90%) patients developed AKI; 98 (63%) patients developed severe AKI by KDIGO, and 60 (39%) by AKI‐6. Severe AKI by AKI‐6 was associated with worse actuarial survival following heart transplantation compared with KDIGO (p = 0.01). Of the 143 patients with 1‐year creatinine data, 6 (11%) patients out of 54 with severe AKI by AKI‐6 had evidence of renal dysfunction (p = 0.01), compared with 6 (7%) patients out of 88 by KDIGO (p = 0.3).ConclusionsAKI‐6 scoring provides greater prognostic utility for actuarial survival and renal dysfunction by 1‐year post‐heart transplantation in pediatric patients than traditional KDIGO staging.
Sunburn and sun protection during recreational outdoor sport in summer: Findings from the German general population aged 16–65 years
Authors: Görig Tatiana , Apfelbacher Christian , Drewitz Karl Philipp , Reimers Anne Kerstin , Breitbart Eckhard W. , Diehl Katharina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSunburn can increase one's risk of developing skin cancer. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of sunburn during recreational outdoor sport (ROS) in summer, to explore the use of different sun protection measures, and to examine factors associated with sunburn during ROS using a population‐based sample from Germany.MethodsFor this cross‐sectional study, 2081 individuals aged 16–65 years who reported being engaged in ROS in summer were surveyed via standardized telephone interviews in 2020 (National Cancer Aid Monitoring, NCAM).ResultsOverall, 16.7% reported experiencing at least one sunburn during ROS in the past twelve months. Sunburn occurrence was negatively associated with the age of the participants (e.g. OR = 0.49 in 56–65 year‐olds, p < .001), and positively associated with skin type I/II (OR = 1.55, p < .001) and with having a higher number of nevi (OR = 1.42, p = .005). While wearing sleeved shirts was the most frequently‐used sun protection measure during ROS (74.9%), wearing headgear was least common in our sample (29.0%). In multivariate analyses, sunburn was positively associated with the use of sun protection measures (e.g. OR = 1.32 for wearing sleeved shirts, p = .02).ConclusionsOur nationwide data show that ROS is one of the settings where sun protection should play a greater role. Especially in organized sports, particular attention should be devoted to organizational (e.g. exercise outside peak hours) or contextual measures (e.g. shade by the natural or built environment) to prevent skin cancer in later life.
An overview of oxygen transport in plants: diffusion and convection
Authors: Striker G. G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe movement of gases within plants is crucial for species that live in flood‐prone areas with limited soil oxygen. These plants adapt to hypoxia/anoxia not by using oxygen more efficiently, but by ensuring a steady oxygen supply to their cells. Wetland plants typically form gas‐filled spaces (aerenchyma) in their tissues, providing a low‐resistance pathway for gas movement between shoots and roots, especially when the shoots are above water, and the roots are submerged. Oxygen movement in plant roots is mainly through diffusion. However, in certain species, such as emergent and floating‐leaved plants, pressurized flows can also facilitate the movement of gases within their stems and rhizomes. Three types of pressurized (convective) flows have been identified: humidity‐induced pressurization (positive pressure), thermal osmosis (positive pressure with air flow against the heat gradient), and venturi‐induced suction (negative pressure) caused by wind passing over broken culms. A clear diel variation in pressurized flows exists, with higher pressures and flows during the day and negligible pressures and flows during the night. This article discusses some key aspects of these mechanisms for oxygen movement.
Coping with COVID: Use, factor structure, and health behavior implications of specific emotion regulation strategies during the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Langley Erika B. , Vornlocher Carley , Manapat Patrick D. , Shiota Michelle N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis series of studies examined U.S. individuals' use of specific emotion regulation/coping strategies during the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic, investigated the factor structure among strategies during this universally experienced stressor, and the extent to which these factors predicted engagement in COVID‐related health‐promoting behaviors. In Study 1, participants (N = 520) rated their use of 17 strategies for coping with pandemic‐related stress during the past 24 h. Differences emerged in strategy use across demographic groups (age, race, income). Results of exploratory factor analysis suggest a factor structure grouping strategies in terms of goals beyond emotion regulation per se, rather than phases of the emotion process or a binary adaptive versus maladaptive distinction. In Study 2 (N = 264), participants reported daily on their coping strategy use and weekly on their engagement in COVID‐specific health behaviors for 22 days. Results of confirmatory factor analysis replicate the factor structure found in Study 1. Some significant associations of coping strategy use with health‐promoting behaviors were observed, but these were sporadic and largely involved baseline measures rather than predicting change over time. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Unusual transformation of Leishmania spp. amastigotes to promastigotes in a bone marrow sample from a Greyhound dog
Authors: Rodríguez‐Cariño Carolina , López Loarte Javier , Marí‐Martorell Daniel , Pantchev Nikola , Hernandez Martinez Leticia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of the study was to confirm the presence of different morphological forms of Leishmania infantum promastigotes on bone marrow aspirates from a Spanish Greyhound with canine leishmaniosis.
Effect of a 24-Week Concurrent Exercise Intervention on Neck Adiposity and Its Distribution in Young Adults: The ACTIBATE Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Arias-Tellez Maria Jose , Acosta Francisco M. , Merchan-Ramirez Elisa , Martínez-Téllez Borja , Delgado Guillermo-Sánchez , Llamas-Elvira Jose M. , Ruiz Jonatan R. 
Published: July 2023

Neck adipose tissue (NAT) accumulation and neck circumference are independent predictors of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and low-grade chronic inflammation in young adults. The present study examines whether a 24-week concurrent exercise intervention can reduce NAT volume and neck circumference in young adults, and whether any changes in these variables are related to changes in body composition, CMR, and the inflammatory profile. Seventy-four participants (51 women, age 22 ± 2 years) were included in the main analyses, after being randomly assigned to either a (a) control (n = 34), (b) moderate-intensity exercise (n = 19), or (c) vigorous-intensity exercise (n = 21) group. Participants in the exercise groups trained 3–4 days/week (endurance + resistance exercise training). NAT volume and NAT distribution across different depots were estimated using computed tomography before and after the intervention. Anthropometric variables, body composition (determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and CMR/inflammatory markers were also recorded. The exercise intervention did not reduce the total NAT volume, nor was NAT distribution affected (p > .05). However, it did reduce neck circumference in the vigorous-intensity exercise group compared with the moderate-intensity exercise and control groups (by 0.8 and 1 cm, respectively, p ≤ .05). Changes in total NAT and neck circumference were positively, albeit weakly, related (adj. R2: .05–.21, all p ≤ .05) to changes in body weight and adiposity, leptin (only total NAT), and CMR (only neck circumference). Altogether 24 weeks of concurrent exercise does not appear to reduce NAT accumulation in young adults, but may slightly reduce neck circumference in those who partake in vigorous exercise.
New Zealand Blackcurrant Increases Postexercise Hypotension Following Sustained Moderate-Intensity Exercise
Authors: Shan Yusen , Cook Matthew David 
Published: July 2023

Previous observations demonstrate New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) extract to alter cardiovascular responses at rest without prior exercise. However, the prolonged effects of NZBC on blood pressure and heart rate variability following exercise are not known. Participants (n15 [five women], age: 31 ± 9 years, maximal oxygen uptake: 44 ± 9 ml·kg−1·min−1) undertook a control condition of 2 hr of lying supine rest. Subsequently, in a double-blind, placebo (PLA)-controlled, randomized crossover design participants completed 1 hr of treadmill exercise at 50% maximal oxygen uptake followed by 2-hr supine rest with blood pressure and heart rate variability measurement following a 7-day intake of NZBC and PLA. With NZBC, there was an increase in average fat oxidation (NZBC: 0.24 ± 0.11 vs. PLA: 0.17 ± 0.11 g/min, p = .005), and larger high-frequency relative power during the exercise (p = .037). In the 2-hr rest period, delta change for systolic pressure was larger with NZBC than PLA (Control vs. NZBC: −5.6 ± 6.4, Control vs. PLA: −3.5 ± 6.0 mmHg, p = .033) but was not different for diastolic or mean arterial pressure. There were no alterations in heart rate variabilities during the 2 hr following the exercise with NZBC. A 7-day intake of NZBC causes a larger postexercise hypotension response in young, physically active men and women following 1 hr of treadmill exercise at 50% maximal oxygen uptake.
Serine peptidases and increased amounts of soluble proteins contribute to heat priming of the plant pathogenic fungus
Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Zhang Mingzhe , Trushina Naomi Kagan , Lang Tabea , Hahn Matthias , Pasmanik-Chor Metsada , Sharon Amir 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Botrytis cinerea
causes gray mold disease in leading crop plants. The disease develops only at cool temperatures, but the fungus remains viable in warm climates and can survive periods of extreme heat. We discovered a strong heat priming effect in which the exposure of
B. cinerea
to moderately high temperatures greatly improves its ability to cope with subsequent, potentially lethal temperature conditions. We showed that priming promotes protein solubility during heat stress and discovered a group of priming-induced serine-type peptidases. Several lines of evidence, including transcriptomics, proteomics, pharmacology, and mutagenesis data, link these peptidases to the
B. cinerea
priming response, highlighting their important roles in regulating priming-mediated heat adaptation. By imposing a series of sub-lethal temperature pulses that subverted the priming effect, we managed to eliminate the fungus and prevent disease development, demonstrating the potential for developing temperature-based plant protection methods by targeting the fungal heat priming response.

IMPORTANCE
Priming is a general and important stress adaptation mechanism. Our work highlights the importance of priming in fungal heat adaptation, reveals novel regulators and aspects of heat adaptation mechanisms, and demonstrates the potential of affecting microorganisms, including pathogens through manipulations of the heat adaptation response.
Early Neoproterozoic tectonics in the Marwar Crustal Block, NW India, the relevance of the Phulad Shear Zone, and implications for Rodinia reconstruction
Authors: Chatterjee Sadhana M. , Roy Alip , Manna Anirban , Sarkar Ayan Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Palaeomagnetic studies in the Malani Igneous Suite (ca. 770–750 Ma) of the Marwar Crustal Block, NW India, provide essential constraints on palaeogeographic reconstructions of the Rodinia Supercontinent. The Malani Igneous Suite is intrusive into megacrystic granite and granitegneissic enclaves of the Marwar Crustal Block. A crustalscale NE–SW ductile transpressional shear zone with a southeasterly dip known as the Phulad Shear Zone (820–810 Ma) separates this Marwar Crustal Block from the rocks farther east. The preshearing tectonic evolution of the Marwar Crustal Block is poorly understood.
Three phases of ductile deformations (D1, D2, and D3, with associated fabrics S1, S2, and S3) were identified in the Marwar Crustal Block. The D1 deformation is restricted to enclave gneisses. The megacrystic granite was emplaced syntectonically during D2 deformation. The S2 magmatic foliation (NNW–SSE) in the megacrystic granite is oblique to the Phulad Shear Zone. The D3 deformation in the megacrystic granite is synchronous with the Phulad Shear Zone mylonites. Another porphyritic granite (Phulad granite, ca. 820 Ma) emplaced syntectonically during D3 deformation along and across the Phulad Shear Zone. U-Pb zircon dates in the Marwar Crustal Block document ca. 890 Ma and ca. 860 Ma magmatic dates. U-Pb-Th monazite dates in the Marwar Crustal Block show a strong peak at ca. 820 Ma. By integrating critical field relations, deformational patterns, and geochronology, we argue that the Marwar Crustal Block shows distinct geological evolution prior to its accretion with the remaining parts of India. We propose that the accretion of the Marwar Crustal Block must be younger than ca. 860 Ma and culminated during ca. 820–810 Ma to form the Greater India landmass along the Phulad Shear Zone.
Enhancement of the hardness and impact strength of epoxy-based metal oxide nanocomposites through hybridization
Authors: Mustafa Bakhan S. , Jamal Gelas M. , Abdullah Omed Gh. 
Published: July 2023

In this study, hybrid polymer nanocomposites were produced by combining epoxy (EP) with varying amounts of zirconia (ZrO[Formula: see text] and yttria (Y2O[Formula: see text] nanoparticles (NPs), reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and glass fiber (GF). The objective of this study is to develop and examine the performance of EP nanocomposites through hybridization; for this purpose, hardness and impact tests were conducted in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Different sets were produced to investigate the effect of used fillers, including EP/ZrO2, EP/Y2O3, EP/MWCNT, EP/GF, EP/ZrO2/Y2O3, EP/MWCNT/ZrO2/Y2O3, and EP/MWCNT/GF/ZrO2/Y2O3. All findings were compared with the net EP sample. The results showed that the EP nanocomposite samples with low NPs content exhibit much higher mechanical performance than net EP. Furthermore, the additions of MWCNT and GF separately at 0.1 and 0.06[Formula: see text]wt.% have increased the impact strength, respectively, to 165.2% and 338.8%, compared with pure EP. As a result, the presence of MWCNTs and GF in the EP-based nanocomposite matrix could make the product both stronger and tougher.