bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibody isotype epitope mapping of SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike RBD protein: Targets for COVID‐19 symptomatology and disease control
Authors: Contreras Marinela , Vicente Joaquín , Cerón José Joaquín , Martinez Subiela Silvia , Urra José Miguel , Rodríguez‐del‐Río Francisco J. , Ferreras‐Colino Elisa , Vaz‐Rodrigues Rita , de Fernández de Mera Isabel G. , Antunes Sandra , Domingos Ana , Gortázar Christian , de la Fuente José 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) still poses a challenge for biomedicine and public health. To advance the development of effective diagnostic, prognostic, and preventive interventions, our study focused on high‐throughput antibody binding epitope mapping of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike RBD protein by IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies in saliva and sera of different cohorts from healthy uninfected individuals to SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected unvaccinated and vaccinated asymptomatic, recovered, nonsevere, and severe patients. Identified candidate diagnostic (455‐LFRKSNLKPFERD‐467), prognostic (395‐VYADSFVIRGDEV‐407‐C‐KLH, 332‐ITNLCPFGEV‐342‐C‐KLH, 352‐AWNRKRI‐358‐C‐KLH, 524‐VCGPKKSTNLVKN‐536‐KLH), and protective (MKLLE‐487‐NCYFPLQSYGFQPTNGVG‐504‐GGGGS‐446‐GGNYNYLYRLFRKSNLKPFERD‐467) epitopes were validated with sera from prevaccine and postvaccine cohorts. The results identified neutralizing epitopes and support that antibody recognition of linear B‐cell epitopes in RBD protein is associated with antibody isotype and disease symptomatology. The findings in asymptomatic individuals suggest a role for anti‐RBD antibodies in the protective response against SARS‐CoV‐2. The possibility of translating results into diagnostic interventions for the early diagnosis of asymptomatic individuals and prognosis of disease severity provides new tools for COVID‐19 surveillance and evaluation of risks in hospitalized patients. These results, together with other approaches, may contribute to the development of new vaccines for the control of COVID‐19 and other coronavirus‐related diseases using a quantum vaccinomics approach through the combination of protective epitopes.
How does climate affect the topography in tectonically active orogens
Authors: Hu Xiaofei , Zhang Yanan , Guo Jiaqi , Pan Baotian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA central theme in geomorphology is the quantitative determination of the relationship between topography and its controlling factors, such as tectonics, lithology, and climate. However, rather than relief and slope, channel steepness (ksn) is a more effective metric for topography, and together with the abundance of beryllium‐10 (10Be) erosion rate data, it provides a more convenient means of quantitatively revealing the relationship between topography and its driving factors. A power‐law relationship between ksn and 10Be erosion rates has been widely demonstrated, which indicates the dominant control of tectonics on topography, while the dominant control of climate has not been clearly revealed. In this study we selected nine tectonically active regions, comprising 241 catchments, covering a wide range of mean annual precipitation values, and by extracting ksn values and hypsometric curves, we obtained the relationship between ksn and erosion rates. The results show that the power‐law relationship differs between regions, largely due to differences in the erosion coefficient, K. After separating the influences of lithology and climate, we found that although soft sedimentary rocks will increase the erosion coefficient, precipitation plays the main role in controlling the erosion coefficient, resulting in a linear relationship between precipitation and K. This relationship clearly demonstrates the occurrence of higher relief under a drier climate, even with similar rates of tectonic uplift.
Blind modulation classification in multiple input and output‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing using time‐frequency analysis and customized convolutional neural network architecture
Authors: PramodKumar Aylapogu , KiranKumar Gurrala 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMIMO with OFDM is a powerful communication technology in both army and civilian environments. Because there is no prior knowledge of carrier state information or signal overlapping in MIMO‐OFDM systems, outdated probability and feature‐based approaches can be applied. However, these methods cannot easily be used to provide the channel characteristics. Blind modulation categorization is a critical stage in deploying 5G networks. The issue of blind modulation classification for a multiple input and output (MIMO) antenna system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is investigated in this research. The independent component analysis (ICA) method has been used to separate the MIMO modulated signal, and the smoothed pseudo Wigner‐Ville distribution (SPWVD) with a Hamming window of 0.2 s has been used to analyze the time‐frequency characteristics of time‐domain modulated signals to get around the challenge of blind attenuation categorization in MIMO‐OFDM arrangements. The recovered time‐frequency characteristics are then transformed into red‐green‐blue (RGB) spectrogram pictures and a perfect‐tweaked customized CNN in which CNN (convolutional neural network) is integrated with LSTM (long short term memory) is used to categorize modulation kinds based on the illustrations of RGB spectrograms. Finally, a module for merging decisions based on majority voting was employed to combine the categorization findings of all receiving antennas. As a result, a customized CNN‐based blind modulation technique outperforms existing works to find the exact modulation type in the MIMO‐OFDM communication.
Structural plasticity‐based hydrogel optical Willshaw model for one‐shot on‐the‐fly edge learning
Authors: Wang Dingchen , Liu Dingyao , Lin Yinan , Yuan Anran , Zhang Woyu , Zhao Yaping , Wang Shaocong , Chen Xi , Chen Hegan , Zhang Yi , Jiang Yang , Shi Shuhui , Loong Kam Chi , Chen Jia , Wei Songrui , Wang Qing , Yu Hongyu , Xu Renjing , Shang Dashan , Zhang Han , Zhang Shiming , Wang Zhongrui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAutonomous one‐shot on‐the‐fly learning copes with the high privacy, small dataset, and in‐stream data at the edge. Implementing such learning on digital hardware suffers from the well‐known von‐Neumann and scaling bottlenecks. The optical neural networks featuring large parallelism, low latency, and high efficiency offer a promising solution. However, ex‐situ training of conventional optical networks, where optical path configuration and deep learning model optimization are separated, incurs hardware, energy and time overheads, and defeats the advantages in edge learning. Here, we introduced a bio‐inspired material‐algorithm co‐design to construct a hydrogel‐based optical Willshaw model (HOWM), manifesting Hebbian‐rule‐based structural plasticity for simultaneous optical path configuration and deep learning model optimization thanks to the underlying opto‐chemical reactions. We first employed the HOWM as an all optical in‐sensor AI processor for one‐shot pattern classification, association and denoising. We then leveraged HOWM to function as a ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) of an optical memory augmented neural network (MANN) for one‐shot learning the Omniglot dataset. The HOWM empowered one‐shot on‐the‐fly edge learning leads to 1000× boost of energy efficiency and 10× boost of speed, which paves the way for the next‐generation autonomous, efficient, and affordable smart edge systems.image
Investigating hypercalcaemia in cats and dogs
Authors: Tørnqvist‐Johnsen Camilla , Woods Glynn 
Published: January 2023

Background: Hypercalcaemia is an important biochemical abnormality in dogs and cats and can lead to a wide variety of clinical signs, including polyuria, polydipsia and vomiting. It can be caused by several diseases of which the prognoses are variable. Both dogs and cats should undergo appropriate investigations, and cat owners in particular must be prepared for likely extensive investigation, excluding all known aetiologies, before a potential diagnosis of idiopathic hypercalcaemia. Understanding calcium physiology and pathophysiology can help both the general practitioner and referral practitioner streamline their investigation and achieve a rapid diagnosis. Hypercalcaemia has a well‐defined list of differential diagnoses and methodical investigation will allow the clinician to optimise patient outcome.Aim of the article: This article describes a stepwise approach to the investigation of patients with ionised hypercalcaemia, and highlights some of the key differences between dogs and cats.
Enhancement of nutritional, antioxidant and potential antidiabetic properties of fermented maize flour by partial substitution with Curculigo pilosa and sensory attributes of its gruel
Authors: Karigidi Kayode O. , Akintimehin Emmanuel S. , Adetuyi Foluso O. , Akinola Oreoluwa O. , Olaiya Charles O. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurculigo pilosa (CP) is an important component of traditional medicine where it is used to treat diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Despite this, its use as functional ingredient in foods has not been fully explored. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effects of substituting fermented maize flour with CP on the potential antidiabetic, antioxidant and nutritional properties of fermented maize flour.ResultsFermented maize flour was substituted with Curculigo pilosa flour at different percentage (2.5%, 5% and 10%) and it effects was evaluated on the potential antidiabetic, antioxidant and nutritional properties of the composite flours. Thereafter, the sensory attributes of its gruel were determined. The results showed that bioactive compounds, antioxidant and inhibitory abilities against α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase enzymes were significantly (p < 0.05) increased. Also, there was significantly reduction in the estimated glycemic index and in vitro starch digestibility of the composite flours. Protein, fibre, ash and fat contents were significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced while carbohydrate content was decreased in the flour blends. The mineral contents of the fermented maize flour was significantly (p < 0.05) increased upon substitution with CP. The sensory attribute scores of gruel (Ogi) made from different flour blends showed they were accepted although they were significantly (p < 0.05) lower when compared with the fermented maize flour without CP.ConclusionThe results show that Curculigo pilosa could serve as functional ingredient in preparation of fermented maize flour.
Hydrogel Complex Containing the Antimicrobial Peptide HX‐12C Accelerates Healing of Infected Wounds
Authors: Chen Huifang , Song Yannan , Peng Yafang , Wang Meifeng , Dessie Wubliker , Duns Gregory J. , Xu Lijian , Luo Xiaofang , Qin Zuodong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBacterial infections of the wound surface can be painful for patients, and traditional dressings do not effectively address this problem. In this study, an antimicrobial wound dressing is prepared using a novel antimicrobial peptide, HX‐12C. This hydrogel system is based on the natural biomaterials sodium alginate and gelatin, utilizing calcium carbonate as a source of Ca2+, and ionic cross‐linking is facilitated by lowering the solution pH. The resulting sodium alginate/gelatin HX‐12C‐loaded hydrogel (CaAGEAM) has good mechanical and adhesion properties, biocompatibility and in vitro degradability. Its extraordinary antibacterial efficacy (>98%) is verified by an antibacterial experiment. More importantly, in vivo experiments further demonstrate its healing‐promotion effect, with a 95% wound healing rate by day 9. Tissue staining demonstrates that the hydrogel containing antimicrobial peptides is effective in suppressing inflammation. The dressing promotes wound healing by stimulating the deposition of skin appendages and collagen. The results of this study suggest that composite hydrogels containing antimicrobial peptides are a promising new type of dressing to promote the healing of infected wounds.
Physicochemical Changes of Alginate and Polyacrylate Mixture Induced by Interactions of the Appended Units
Authors: Leontieş Anca Ruxandra , Băran Adriana , Ioniţă Gabriela , Matei Iulia , Mocanu Sorin , Baratoiu Rodica , Hristea Elena , Aricov Ludmila 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the physicochemical properties of solutions containing the mixture of polyacrylates functionalized with alkyl chains moieties and alginate (Alg) functionalized with β‐cyclodextrins (CD). Functionalization of anionic polymers with host (CD) and guest units (alkyl chain) allow local host–guest interaction which determines discrete changes in properties of the resulted mixtures. The systems are investigated by surface tension, viscosity, and zeta‐potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV–vis, fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. Spectroscopic methods reveal the local changes induced by the formation of host–guest interactions in modified polyacrylates and modified Alg which explain the macroscopic parameters of solutions such as viscosity, surface tension, and zeta potential. The host–guest interactions stabilize the repulsive forces between the anionic polymers and influence the formation of intercoil of functionalized polyacrylates. The practical application comprises in crystal violet incorporation in the polymeric mixtures and reveals that dyes' properties, such as solubilization and stabilization, may be enhanced. Valuable information, related to the conformational changes generated by the particular formulations of these polymer mixtures, is obtained. The results have the potential applications in chemical sensing, molecular recognition, and the printing industry.
Targeting ferroptosis in cardio‐metabolic‐diseases: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Bao , Tong Jie , Sun Di‐Yang , Fu Jiang‐Tao , Li Dong‐Jie , Wang Pei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCardio‐metabolic‐diseases (cardio‐metabolic‐diseases) are leading causes of death and disability worldwide and impose a tremendous burden on whole society as well as individuals. As a new type of regulated cell death (RCD), ferroptosis is distinct from several classical types of RCDs such as apoptosis and necroptosis in cell morphology, biochemistry, and genetics. The main molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis involve iron metabolism dysregulation, mitochondrial malfunction, impaired antioxidant capacity, accumulation of lipid‐related peroxides and membrane disruption. Within the past few years, mounting evidence has shown that ferroptosis contributes to the pathophysiological process in cardio‐metabolic‐diseases. However, the exact roles and underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This review comprehensively summarizes the mechanism of ferroptosis in the development and progression of cardio‐metabolic‐diseases, so as to provide new insights for cardio‐metabolic‐diseases pathophysiology. Moreover, we highlight potential druggable molecules in ferroptosis signaling pathway, and discuss recent advances in management strategies by targeting ferroptosis for prevention and treatment of cardio‐metabolic‐diseases.
FEM–DEM modeling of pseudo static experiments on scaled‐down rockfill dams with dry stone pitching
Authors: Haidar Ali , Vincens Eric , Dedecker Fabian , Plassart Roland 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRockfill dams with stone pitching are specific hydraulic structures generally built in the early XXth century where stones used to be hand‐placed without mortar to constitute the upward and downward dam faces. Few studies have been carried out to quantify the specific and critical role of the pitching in the dam stability against both static and seismic forces.Herein, a numerical model is proposed to model pseudo‐static tests performed on four different scaled‐down rockfill dams with a stone pitching. A mixed FEM–DEM approach is used, and two different constitutive models were considered for the backfill. A validation of the numerical model is first proposed based on the scaled‐down tests. Then, the stone pitching displacement profiles and the dams safety factors against failure are analyzed and compared for the four studied cases. This study allows qualitative conclusions to be drawn and pave the way to upcoming investigations on actual structures of the same kind.
Female representation at the national level and women sport volunteering in European countries
Authors: Scharfenkamp Katrin , Wicker Pamela , Frick Bernd 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examines the moderating effects of national female labor force participation, women in sport leadership positions, and female medalists in recent Olympic Games on women's probability to volunteer in sport. Based on social role theory and the similarity attraction paradigm, we predict that all three factors result in a higher probability of women to volunteer in sport, but with differences among age groups. Linear probability models before and after applying coarsened exact matching were estimated using data from the 2017 Eurobarometer (n = 18,529). The results show that women have a significantly lower probability to volunteer in sport in countries with high female labor force participation and a high share of women in leadership positions in sport organizations. The likelihood of women volunteering in sport is significantly higher in countries with a high share of female Olympic medalists. The age group‐specific analysis asking whether volunteering should be considered an investment in human capital by younger women and/or an acquisition of social capital by older women, reveals that a high presence of women among leaders in sport organizations and Olympic medalists is significantly positively correlated with the probability for young women to volunteer in sport. Managers and leaders of nonprofit sport organizations learn from our study that volunteering should be perceived as an investment in human capital by younger women rather than an attempt to acquire social capital by older women.
Job satisfaction and wellbeing among migrant care workers in nursing homes: An integrative review
Authors: Eriksson Elisabet , Jordal Malin , Hjelm Katarina , Engström Maria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo systematically analyse and synthesize studies investigating job satisfaction (including turnover and turnover intention) and wellbeing (physical, social and psychological including work stress, acculturation stress and sick leave) among migrant care workers in nursing homes.DesignAn integrated review was conducted.MethodsJoanna Briggs Institute's manual guided the analysis of qualitative data (n = 31). Quantitative data (n = 17) were summarized and integrated with the qualitative findings.ResultsMigrants described high job demands, limited control and social support, and stress possibly related to acculturation. Although, compared to natives (born in the country), inconsistent results were reported about wellbeing and job satisfaction, migrant care workers reported enjoying the relational aspects of work and feeling pride when providing care. A satisfying work environment for migrant care workers enables them enjoying working in elderly care with pride.Public ContributionHelp managers to promote an inclusive working life in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal number 8.
Fishhooks, fishing spears, and weaving: The bone technology of Madjedbebe, Northern Australia
Authors: Langley Michelle C. , Wallis Lynley A. , Nango May , Djandjomerr Djaykuk , Nadjamerrek Clarrie , Djandjul Raelene , Gamarrawu Ruth 
Published: January 2023

AbstractArcheological assemblages of osseous material culture are rare in the Australian context, especially in the north where environmental conditions are not usually conducive to organic preservation. Nevertheless, more than 230 bone artifacts were recovered from the site of Madjedbebe, located in the Mirarr clan estate of the Alligator Rivers region of the Northern Territory. Of these artifacts, 199 have been identified to tool type. Here, we present the analysis of this exceptional assemblage, including the recovery of one‐piece jabbing fishhooks, numerous fishing‐spear tips, fragments of weaving tools, and possible osseous elements originating from ornamental pieces. The size and diversity of the Madjedbebe osseous technology assemblage is unique in the north and provides new insights into the lives of Mirarr peoples over the past 7,000 years.
Comparative study on annealing‐induced high‐impact toughness of linear and grafted polypropylene random copolymer
Authors: Liu Jingru , Lu Bingkun , Xiao Rui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn present work, the comparative study on annealing‐induced high‐impact toughness of linear and grafted polypropylene random copolymer (PPR and MPP) was performed. The changes of microstructure and mechanical properties of PPR and MPP upon annealing were investigated in detail. The results showed that maleic anhydride was grafted onto the backbone of PPR to form long‐chain branched structure. During the melt grafting process, the degradation reaction is dominant, giving rise to the decrease in molecular weight and degree of chain entanglement, and hence PPR demonstrates higher flexural modulus and impact strength, as well as lower elongation at break than MPP. The long‐branched chains perform the function of heterogeneous nucleation. The depressed chain entanglement facilitates the diffusion of polymer chains during the crystallization process, followed by higher total crystallization rate and crystallinity of MPP in contrast to those of PPR. Thermal annealing treatment promotes the secondary crystallization, and hence the crystallinity and crystal perfection of the polymer is elevated, resulting in enhanced mobility of the chain segments in the amorphous region. After annealing at 100°C for 3 h, the impact strength of MPP is 71% higher than that of its unannealed counterpart, while this value is increased remarkably by 153% for PPR. The existence of long‐branched chains may not be conducive to sufficient rearrangement of chain segments of MPP during the annealing treatment. As a consequence, the crystallinity and impact strength of PPR are elevated more pronouncedly in comparison with those of MPP after annealing treatment.
Students engagement in distant learning: How much influence do the critical factors have for success in academic performance?
Authors: Lin Weiyi , Zaman Syed Imran , Jamil Sobia , Khan Sharfuddin Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis research identifies the critical factors of student engagement and distance learning that will improve academic performance during a pandemic. The fuzzy Delphi method and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process method are applied to this research, which is a multicriteria decision‐making technique. A survey is conducted and evaluated based on experts' opinions. The social constructivism theory was selected to be applied here; it supports student engagement and distance‐learning factors' relationships with academic performance. After the analysis, the six most significant factors are evaluated. It is observed that Social isolation (C1), Technology effectiveness (C2), Social status enhancement (C3), Student Competency (C4), Motivation (C5), and Satisfaction (C6) are the highest‐ranking factors that increase academic performance. On the basis of the results, it is suggested that management's primary responsibility is to provide training and guidance to instructors/teachers to enhance, motivate the students, and create opportunities for every student to improve their academic performance in a pandemic situation through distance learning.