bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple questions on simple associations: regularity extraction in non-human primates
Authors: Yeaton Jeremy , Tosatto Laure , Fagot Joël , Grainger Jonathan , Rey Arnaud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhen human and non-human animals learn sequences, they manage to implicitly extract statistical regularities through associative learning mechanisms. In two experiments conducted with a non-human primate species (Guinea baboons, Papio papio), we addressed simple questions on the learning of simple AB associations appearing in longer noisy sequences. Using a serial reaction time task, we manipulated the position of AB within the sequence, such that it could be either fixed (by appearing always at the beginning, middle, or end of a four-element sequence; Experiment 1) or variable (Experiment 2). We also tested the effect of sequence length in Experiment 2 by comparing the performance on AB when it was presented at a variable position within a sequence of four or five elements. The slope of RTs from A to B was taken for each condition as a measurement of learning rate. While all conditions differed significantly from a no-regularity baseline, we found strong evidence that the learning rate did not differ between the conditions. These results indicate that regularity extraction is not impacted by the position of the regularity within a sequence and by the length of the sequence. These data provide novel general empirical constraints for modeling associative mechanisms in sequence learning.
PENERAPAN FUZZY SET THEORY DALAM CREDIT SCORING USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM)
Authors: Anggeraini Hasri Diah 
Published: June 2023

Pada tahun-tahun sebelumnya, analisis kredit dilakukan dengan cara mempelajari proposal dari debitur yang proposal itu berbentuk uraian dan cheklist. Namun, cara tersebut masih banyak kekurangannya dan belum bisa menekan angka penunggakan kredit, sehingga ada suatu teknik untuk mengambil yang terbaik dari kedua teknik tersebut yaitu dengan Credit Scoring. Teknik baru ini, tentunya akan lebih efisien jika dapat dibuat program, sehingga dalam pemberian skor bisa lebih optimal dan mengurangi kesalahan perhitungan. Untuk membuat program tersebut, maka penulis mencoba menerapkan fuzzy settheory khususnya Linear Membership Function untuk menentukan kelayakan kredit.Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam pengumpulan data yang pertama adalah metode dokumentasi yang memberikan data tentang syarat KPI dan skoring kredit perbankan KBI Yogyakarta. Dengan menggunakan representasi linear fuzzy set, diperoleh tiga relasi dalam skoring kredit perbankan yaitu relasi samar “kredit diterima”, “kredit dipertimbangkan” dan “kredit ditolak”. Kriteria ini didasarkan pada skor di bawah 17 kredit ditolak, kredit denagan skor dari 17 sampai 34 akan dipertimbangkan, dan kredit dengan skor di atas 34 akan diterima.
La gestión educativa como factor importante en la eficacia del clima organizacional en instituciones educativas
Authors: Chipantiza Guerrero Samanta Sofía , Viteri Jiménez Angélica María , Chipantiza Guerrero Ana Patricia , Chipantiza Guerrero Claudia Pilar 
Published: June 2023

El presente documento muestra de forma resumida el estudio de la Gestión Educativa en relación al clima organizacional en las Instituciones educativas; cabe resaltar que se realiza en beneficio de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en donde se busca alcanzar el máximo desarrollo integral para ofrecer así una educación de calidad y calidez; también debemos mencionar que se han estudiado sus dimensiones pedagógica, organizativa, administrativa y comunitaria que han logrado ver las falencias y oportunidades en sus diferentes ámbitos para conseguir el progreso de forma mancomunada y no de forma individual; en tal virtud si tomamos los términos clima organizacional nos referimos al conjunto de conductas que hacen que una organización en este caso educativa funcione de forma correcta es decir en el contexto de las instituciones educativas, el clima organizacional puede influir en la motivación, el compromiso y la satisfacción de los docentes y otros miembros del personal, lo que a su vez puede afectar la calidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.
Compromiso institucional y la práctica reflexiva en docentes de Instituciones Educativas de Lima Metropolitana, 2023
Authors: Flores Limo Fernando Antonio , Corimayhua Luque Oscar , Asencios Trujillo Lida Violeta , Campos Dávila José Eusebio , Leyva Vega Alonso Enrique 
Published: June 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el compromiso organizacional y la práctica reflexiva en los docentes de instituciones educativas de Lima Metropolitana, 2023. Se trató de un estudio básico, cuantitativo, correlacional y no experimental; contándose con la participación de 130 docentes y empleándose dos cuestionarios validados para tal propósito. Entre los hallazgos principales, se halló que los docentes consideran que el compromiso organizacional es regular, sin embargo, la proporción porcentual difirió según el tener sexo masculino (62.7%) y una edad mayor a los 45 años (62.6%), asimismo, dependiendo de si se cuenta con menos de 10 años de experiencia (71.4%). Por otra parte, la mayoría estima que la práctica reflexiva es alta; lo cual varía de acuerdo con el tener sexo femenino (97.2%), tener más de 45 años (97.8%) y disponer de una experiencia de entre 10 y 25 años (97.5%). Finalmente, se observó que el compromiso organizacional se asoció directa y significativamente con la práctica reflexiva en los maestros de instituciones educativas de Lima Metropolitana en el año 2023 (rho=.58, p<.0001).
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR TEMATIK DENGAN TEMA INDAHNYA KEBERSAMAAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDI RUTOSORO
Authors: Lalo Libertus , Uge Lawe Yosefina , Wungo Kaka Pelipus 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar tematik dengan tema indahnya kebersamaaan melalui pendekatan saintifik pada siswa kelas IV SDI Rutosoro Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa siswi kelas IV SDI Rutosoro dengan jumlah 20 orang, yang terdiri dari 8 orang siswa dan 12 orang siswi. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan soaltes pilihan ganda untuk memperoleh analisis hasil belajar tematik. peningkatan hasil belajar tematik pada siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil belajar 67,5 dengan presentasi menunjukan hasil belajar sebesar 67,5%, ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 40%, dan kategori penggolongan berada pada kategori cukup baik. Sedangkan hasil analisis data pada siklus II menunjukan rata-rata hasil belajar 80,5, dengan presentasi menunjukanhasil belajar 80,5 %, ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 90%, dan kriteria penggolongan berada pada kategori sangat baik. Terjadi peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 13%, sedangkan peningkatan ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 50%.Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan saintifik dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar tematik pada siswa kelas IV SDI Rutosoro Kecamatan Golewa Kabupaten Ngada Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022.
Magnetic Braking with MESA Evolutionary Models in the Single Star and Low-mass X-Ray Binary Regimes
Authors: Gossage Seth , Kalogera Vicky , Sun Meng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Magnetic braking has a prominent role in driving the evolution of close low-mass binary systems and heavily influences the rotation rates of low-mass F- and later-type stars with convective envelopes. Several possible prescriptions that describe magnetic braking in the context of 1D stellar evolution models currently exist. We test four magnetic braking prescriptions against both low-mass X-ray binary orbital periods from the Milky Way and single-star rotation periods observed in open clusters. We find that the data favor a magnetic braking prescription that follows a rapid transition from fast to slow rotation rates, exhibits saturated (inefficient) magnetic braking below a critical Rossby number, and that is sufficiently strong to reproduce ultra-compact X-ray binary systems. Of the four prescriptions tested, these conditions are satisfied by a braking prescription that incorporates the effect of high-order magnetic field topology on angular momentum loss. None of the braking prescriptions tested are able to replicate the stalled spin down observed in open cluster stars aged 700–1000 Myr or so, with masses ≲0.8 M
⊙.
Study of Spectral State Transitions in Black Hole Binaries
Authors: Mondal Soumen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The aim of our work is to study the origin of the spectral transitions of transient black hole binaries. In this work, we find signatures of spectral state transition (hard to soft state) while studying the radiative shock for the accretion flow. The gradient of the energy dissipation curve shows a sudden break for certain critical flow parameters when the post-shock dissipation is maximum. This particular feature is common to all spins, and the transitions are well observed. We have identified all the critical flow parameters for different black hole spins. With the dissipation, the inner edge of the disk or the geometry of the post-shock corona reduces progressively and attains a minimum for maximum dissipation. The spin enhances the maximum dissipation further. Using the exact general relativistic framework, we therefore systematically study the various dynamical properties of radiative/dissipative shocks in accretion flows to understand the observed phenomena, namely, the variation of the hard intensity emitted from the evolving Comptonizing medium, the spectral transitions, and their entanglement with the inner edge of the disk, etc. The results presented here might be useful in finding the variation of the hardness ratio and could be a first step to procuring the “q” diagram theoretically.
Properties of Forbush Decreases with AMS-02 Daily Proton Flux Data
Authors: Wang Siqi , Bindi Veronica , Consolandi Cristina , Corti Claudio , Light Christopher , Nikonov Nikolay , Kuhlman Andrew 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A Forbush decrease (FD) is a sudden reduction of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) that is usually caused by intense solar wind transients, such as Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) and Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs). Using daily proton fluxes measured by AMS-02 between 2011 May and 2019 October, we identified 142 FD events with an automatic systematic analysis method. The properties of 47 FDs caused by ICMEs and of 54 FDs caused by CIRs were analyzed. We found that the rigidity dependence of the GCR flux decrease is generally better described by an exponential function for both ICME and CIR FDs. We also found that the FD Amplitude of ICME FDs has a moderate correlation with the minimum Dst index and a number of solar wind parameters, such as maximum temperature, pressure, and magnetic field. For CIR FD events, neither FD Amplitude nor Maximum Affected Rigidity had a significant correlation with solar wind parameters.
Prompt Detection of Fast Optical Bursts with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory
Authors: Megias Homar Guillem , Meyers Joshua M. , Kahn Steven M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The transient optical sky has remained largely unexplored on very short timescales. While there have been some experiments searching for optical transients from minutes to years, none have had the capability to distinguish millisecond fast optical bursts (FOBs). Such very fast transients could be the optical counterparts of fast radio bursts, the prompt emission from γ-ray bursts, or other previously unknown phenomena. Here, we investigate a novel approach to the serendipitous detection of FOBs, which relies on searching for anomalous spatial images. In particular, due to their short duration, the seeing-distorted images of FOBs should look characteristically different than those of steady sources in a standard optical exposure of finite duration. We apply this idea to simulated observations with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, produced by tracing individual photons through a turbulent atmosphere, and down through the optics and camera of the Rubin telescope. We compare these simulated images to steady-source star simulations in 15 s integrations, the nominal Rubin exposure time. We report the classification accuracy results of a neural network classifier for distinguishing FOBs from steady sources. From this classifier, we derive constraints in duration–intensity parameter space for unambiguously identifying FOBs in Rubin observations. We conclude with estimates of the total number of detections of FOB counterparts to FRBs expected during the 10 yr Rubin Legacy Survey of Space and Time.
Elemental Abundances of the Super-Neptune WASP-107b’s Host Star Using High-resolution, Near-infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Hejazi Neda , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Nordlander Thomas , Mansfield Megan , Souto Diogo , Marfil Emilio , Coria David R. , Brande Jonathan , Polanski Alex S. , Hand Joseph E. , Wienke Kate F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present the first elemental abundance measurements of the K dwarf (K7V) exoplanet-host star WASP-107 using high-resolution (R ≃45,000), near-infrared (H- and K-band) spectra taken from Gemini-S/IGRINS. We use the previously determined physical parameters of the star from the literature and infer the abundances of 15 elements—C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni, all with precision < 0.1 dex—based on model fitting using MARCS model atmospheres and the Turbospectrum spectral synthesis code. Our results show near-solar abundances and a carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) of 0.50 ± 0.10, which is consistent with the solar value of 0.54 ± 0.09. The orbiting planet, WASP-107b, is a super-Neptune with a mass in the Neptune regime (=1.8 M
Nep) and a radius close to Jupiter's (=0.94 R
Jup). This planet is also being targeted by four JWST Cycle 1 programs in transit and eclipse, which should provide highly precise measurements of atmospheric abundances. This will enable us to properly compare the planetary and stellar chemical abundances, which is essential in understanding the formation mechanisms, internal structure, and chemical composition of exoplanets. Our study is a proof-of-concept that will pave the way for such measurements to be made for all of JWST’s cooler exoplanet-host stars.
Near-core Acoustic Glitches Are Not Oscillatory: Consequences for Asteroseismic Probes of Convective Boundary Mixing
Authors: Lindsay Christopher J. , Ong J. M. Joel , Basu Sarbani 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Asteroseismology has been used extensively in recent years to study the interior structure and physical processes of main-sequence stars. We consider prospects for using pressure modes (p-modes) near the frequency of maximum oscillation power to probe the structure of the near-core layers of main-sequence stars with convective cores by constructing stellar model tracks. Within our mass range of interest, the inner turning point of p-modes as determined by the Jeffreys–Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (JWKB) approximation evolves in two distinct phases during the main sequence, implying a sudden loss of near-core sensitivity during the discontinuous transition between the two phases. However, we also employ non-JWKB asymptotic analysis to derive a contrasting set of expressions for the effects that these structural properties will have on the mode frequencies, which do not encode any such transition. We show analytically that a sufficiently near-core perturbation to the stellar structure results in nonoscillatory, degree-dependent perturbations to the star’s oscillation mode frequencies, contrasting with the case of an outer glitch. We also demonstrate numerically that these near-core acoustic glitches exhibit strong angular degree dependence, even at low degree, agreeing with the non-JWKB analysis, rather than the degree-independent oscillations that emerge from JWKB analyses. These properties have important implications for using p-modes to study near-core mixing processes for intermediate-mass stars on the main sequence, as well as for the interpretation of near-center acoustic glitches in other astrophysical configurations, such as red giants.
Strong and Rapid X-Ray Variability of the Super-Eddington Accreting Quasar SDSS J081456.10+532533.5
Authors: Huang Jian , Luo Bin , Brandt W. N. , Du Pu , Garmire Gordon P. , Hu Chen , Liu Hezhen , Ni Qingling , Wang Jian-Min 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We report strong and rapid X-ray variability found from the super-Eddington accreting quasar SDSS J081456.10+532533.5 at z = 0.1197. It has a black hole mass of 2.7 × 107
M
⊙ and a dimensionless accretion rate of ≈4 measured from reverberation-mapping observations. It showed weak X-ray emission in the 2021 February Chandra observation, with the 2 keV flux density being

9.6

−
4.6

+
11.6

times lower compared to an archival Swift observation. The 2 keV flux density is also

11.7

−
6.3

+
9.6

times weaker compared to the expectation from its optical/UV emission. In a follow-up XMM-Newton observation 32 days later, the 2 keV flux density increased by a factor of

5.3

−
2.4

+
6.4

, and the spectra are best described by a power law modified with partial-covering absorption; the absorption-corrected intrinsic continuum is at a nominal flux level. Nearly simultaneous optical spectra reveal no variability, and there is only mild long-term optical/infrared variability from archival data (with a maximum variability amplitude of ≈50%). We interpret the X-ray variability with an obscuration scenario, where the intrinsic X-ray continuum does not vary but the absorber has a variable column density and covering factor along the line of sight. The absorber is likely the small-scale clumpy accretion wind that has been proposed to be responsible for similar X-ray variability in other super-Eddington accreting quasars.
Histoire de la dimension européenne de la doctrine de dissuasion nucléaire française
Authors: Mongin Dominique 
Published: June 2023

Le rejet par le parlement français en août 1954 du projet de Communauté européenne de défense (CED) a été motivé – en partie – par le fait que, si ce projet avait été appliqué, il aurait interdit à la France de pouvoir lancer et développer librement son programme nucléaire de défense. Il n’en reste pas moins que ce programme fut lancé effectivement – et ce de manière indépendante – à la fin de cette même année 1954. Et, de manière emblématique, un débat similaire se posa peu après avec la première version du projet de Communauté européenne de l’énergie atomique (Euratom). On le voit, le cadre européen a pesé dès le début du lancement du programme nucléaire de défense français dans un sens qui ne lui était pas favorable… alors même que des initiatives furent prises très tôt par des responsables politiques et militaires français en faveur d’un « pool atomique européen » dans le domaine de la défense ; c’est tout le paradoxe de cette histoire ! Toutefois, devenue une puissance nucléaire indépendante sous la V e République, la France a mis en avant, d’une manière ou d’une autre, la dimension européenne de sa dissuasion nucléaire.
L’offensive culturelle communautaire après l’échec de la CED : le Centre international de formation européenne (1954-1993)
Authors: Previti Catherine 
Published: June 2023

L’histoire du Centre international de formation européenne (CIFE), depuis sa création en France (1954) sous l’impulsion du philosophe fédéraliste Alexandre Marc (1904-2000) jusqu’au début des années 1990, constitue l’axe de la présente recherche. Or il apparaît que cette histoire, placée sur un plan français mais plus encore européen, voire transatlantique, relève du domaine culturel, tout autant que politique. L’explication, comme l’illustre le texte, réside d’une part, dans les motivations sociétales de son promoteur et de ses disciples ; d’autre part, dans la politique d’influence poursuivie en temps de guerre froide – d’autant plus activement suite à l’échec de la Communauté européenne de défense – par l’Hexagone, les institutions communautaires et les États-Unis. L’article ici présenté permet en l’occurrence de redécouvrir le courant fédéraliste européen d’empreinte personnaliste et proudhonienne, émergé avant-guerre et durablement consolidé en France, sous l’appellation de fédéralisme intégral. Il consent également d’appréhender la structuration du CIFE dans son originalité, mais aussi dans un contexte d’identité européenne en devenir. Il fait office de pierre de touche pour en évaluer notamment la dynamique pédagogique.
Processus de développement de nouveaux produits dans les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) innovantes : une étude exploratoire
Authors: Blais Caroline , St-Pierre Josée 
Published: June 2023

L’innovation est un des moteurs de l’économie qui peut assurer la compétitivité et la pérennité des PME dans un monde de plus en plus concurrentiel. Dans la mesure où les États mettent au cœur de leurs priorités le rehaussement de l’engagement des PME dans des stratégies d’innovation, il nous apparaît essentiel de nous questionner sur leurs façons d’innover, notamment par l’examen des processus mobilisés permettant de commercialiser avec succès une idée de nouveaux produits. Les taux élevés d’échecs en matière de développement de nouveaux produits (DNP) justifient aussi la pertinence de cette question. Nous proposons d’y répondre par une étude exploratoire réalisée auprès de cinq PME canadiennes (province du Québec) qui ont connu du succès en innovation. Contrairement à ce que suggère la littérature, nos résultats montrent la formalisation du processus mis en place permettant aux promoteurs d’ajuster rapidement leurs activités en cours de développement pour réduire les risques d’échecs. Ces conclusions sont toutefois contingentes à l’expérience en DNP des dirigeants, à la présence d’une certaine expertise et à la collaboration avec leurs principaux clients. Codes JEL : M100, M190
Factors Influencing Nursing Student Learning During Clinical Placements: A Modified Delphi Study
Authors: McTier Lauren , Phillips Nicole M. , Duke Maxine 
Published: June 2023

Background:Factors identified as important to nursing student clinical learning include the environment, the clinical facilitator, and student human factors.Method:A modified Delphi study generated clinical nurse educators' expert consensus of the importance of factors that influence student learning during clinical placements. Short-answer questions exploring facilitation of learning were also provided.Results:Thirty-four nurse educators participated in the first round, and 17 nurse educators participated in the second round. Final consensus of at least 80% agreement was reached for all factors. Enablers of student learning included a positive workplace culture, student attitude, and clear communication between facilitator and student. Barriers to student learning included lack of time for teaching, short placement duration, and poor student and facilitator attitude.Conclusion:Further investigation is needed on how these factors are addressed during placements including a review of the quality of resources provided to students and clinical facilitators for student learning.[J Nurs Educ. 2023;62(6):333–341.]