bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of nano‐hydroxyapatite incorporated carboxymethyl chitosan composite on human dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Gurucharan Ishwarya , Saravana Karthikeyan Balasubramanian , Mahalaxmi Sekar , Baskar Kaviya , Rajkumar Gurusamy , Dhivya Vijayakumar , Kishen Anil , Sankaranarayanan Seshadri , Gurucharan Natanasikamani 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo compare the odontogenic differentiation potential of a composite scaffold (CSHA) comprising of nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHAp) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) with Biodentine on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).MethodologyA CSHA scaffold was prepared through an ultrasonication route by adding nHAp and CMC (1:5 w/w) in water medium followed by freeze‐drying. Physicochemical characterization was achieved using scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In‐vitro bioactivity and pH assessments were done by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 28 days. The angiogenic and odontogenic differentiation abilities were assessed by expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) markers on cultured hDPSCs by flow cytometry and RT‐qPCR at 7, 14 and 21 days. Cell viability/proliferation and biomineralization abilities of CSHA were compared with Biodentine by MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red Staining (ARS) and osteopontin (OPN) expression on hDPSCs following 7 and 14 days. Data were statistically analysed with Kruskal Wallis and Friedman tests as well as one way anova followed by appropriate post hoc tests (p < .05).ResultsCharacterization experiments revealed a porous microstructure of CSHA with pore diameter ranging between 60 and 200 μm and 1.67 Ca/P molar ratio along with the characteristic functional groups of both HAp and CMC. CSHA displayed bioactivity in SBF by forming apatite‐like crystals and maintained a consistent pH value of 7.70 during 28 days' in vitro studies. CSHA significantly upregulated VEGF and DSPP levels on hDPSCs on day 21 compared with day 7 (p < .05). Further, CSHA supported cell viability/proliferation over 14 days like Biodentine with no statistical differences (p > .05). However, CSHA exhibited increased ALP and ARS activity with an intense OPN staining compared with Biodentine after 14 days (p < .05).ConclusionThe results highlighted the odontogenic differentiation and biomineralization abilities of CSHA on hDPSCs with significant VEGF and DSPP gene upregulations. Further, CSHA exhibited enhanced mineralization activity than Biodentine, as evidenced by increased ALP, ARS and OPN activity on day 14. The nHAp‐CMC scaffold has the potential to act as an effective pulp capping agent; however, this needs to be further validated through in‐vivo animal studies.
Protection of dystrophic muscle cells using Idebenone correlates with the interplay between calcium, oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Valduga Amanda Harduim , Mizobuti Daniela Sayuri , Moraes Fernanda dos Santos Rapucci , Mâncio Rafael Dias , Moraes Luis Henrique Rapucci , Hermes Túlio de Almeida , Macedo Aline Barbosa , Minatel Elaine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere is strong cross‐talk between abnormal intracellular calcium concentration, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an exacerbated inflammatory process in the dystrophic muscles of mdx mice, the experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In this study, we investigated effects of Idebenone, a potent anti‐oxidant, on oxidative stress markers, the anti‐oxidant defence system, intracellular calcium concentrations and the inflammatory process in primary dystrophic muscle cells from mdx mice. Dystrophic muscle cells were treated with Idebenone (0.05 μM) for 24 h. The untreated mdx muscle cells were used as controls. The MTT assay showed that Idebenone did not have a cytotoxic effect on the dystrophic muscle cells. The Idebenone treatment was able to reduce the levels of oxidative stress markers, such as H2O2 and 4‐HNE, as well as decreasing intracellular calcium influx in the dystrophic muscle cells. Regarding Idebenone effects on the anti‐oxidant defence system, an up‐regulation of catalase levels, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed in the dystrophic muscle cells. In addition, the Idebenone treatment was also associated with reduction in inflammatory molecules, such as nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in mdx muscle cells. These outcomes supported the use of Idebenone as a protective agent against oxidative stress and related signalling mechanisms involved in dystrophinopathies, such as DMD.
Strong f–f excitation in hafnium germanate: Near‐UV LED and cathode beam–pumped red phosphor with thermal robustness
Authors: Wu Quansheng , Ye Shanshan , Zhou Xufeng , Ding Jianyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDeveloping narrowband red phosphors has always been a frontier topic in the phosphor community. In this study, a novel hafnium germanate red phosphor, BaHfGe3O9:Eu3+, was successfully synthesized by solid‐state reaction method. The phase and crystal structure of BaHfGe3O9 were investigated by the Rietveld refinement of powder X‐ray powder diffraction. The band structure was analyzed by density functional theory calculations. Most importantly, the luminescence behavior of phosphors under near‐ultraviolet (n‐UV) light and cathode rays sources was studied in detail to explore the possibility of their applications in white light‐emitting diodes and field emission display. The BaHfGe3O9:Eu3+ phosphor exhibits strong f–f excitation and excellent thermal robustness due to Eu3+ localization in the rigid lattice and asymmetric Ba2+ sites. Under cathode rays and n‐UV light excitation, BaHfGe3O9:Eu3+ exhibits narrowband red light emission peaked at 610 nm. Moreover, BaHfGe3O9:Eu3+ shows excellent saturation resistance and aging resistance. The performance of the LED lamp encapsulated by the BaHfGe3O9:Eu3+ phosphor was studied. The results show that BaHfGe3O9:Eu3+ is a potential red phosphor for multifunctional applications.
The impact of inulin addition and high‐pressure processing on physical characteristics of strawberry‐flavoured egg white pudding
Authors: Ngamlerst Chattraya , Vatthanakul Suteera , Leelawat Bootsrapa , Supawong Supattra , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon 
Published: December 2022

SummaryHigh‐protein egg puddings prepared with traditional food processing may have undesirable textures. Inulin addition and high‐pressure processing (HPP) could improve the texture of these products. The physical properties of strawberry‐flavoured egg white pudding as affected by inulin addition and HPP were investigated. Four levels of inulin (0, 5%, 10%, and 15% w/w) and 3 processing methods (HPP at 450 or 475 MPa at 25 °C for 10 min, and heat treatment at 80 °C for 30 min) were applied. Regardless of % inulin addition, heat‐treated puddings had significantly lower syneresis than HPP‐treated samples. HPP at 450 and 475 MPa was shown to induce egg white gelation and yielded a soft texture of pudding than heat treatment. Overall, the addition of inulin in puddings treated with HPP yielded a softer texture, more microporous, and a fluffy texture compared to heat‐treated puddings. This study suggested that a 10% inulin addition in the egg white pudding significantly improved its texture properties.
Cerrado and Pantanal fruit flours affect gut microbiota composition in healthy and post‐COVID‐19 individuals: an in vitro pilot fermentation study
Authors: Mauro Carolina Saori Ishii , Hassani Maryame Kadiri , Barone Monica , Esposito Maria Teresa , Calle Yolanda , Behrends Volker , Garcia Sandra , Brigidi Patrizia , Turroni Silvia , Costabile Adele 
Published: December 2022

SummaryCerrado and Pantanal plants can provide fruits with high nutritional value and antioxidants. This study aims to evaluate four fruit flours (from jatobá pulp, cumbaru almond, bocaiuva pulp and bocaiuva almond) and their effects on the gut microbiota in healthy (HD) and post‐COVID‐19 individuals (PC). An in vitro batch system was carried out, the microbiota was analysed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and the short‐chain fatty acids ratio was determined. Furthermore, the effect of jatobá pulp flour oil (JAO) on cell viability, oxidative stress and DNA damage was investigated in a myelo‐monocytic cell line. Beyond confirming a microbiota imbalance in PC, we identified flour‐specific effects: (i) reduction of Veillonellaceae with jatobá extract in PC samples; (ii) decrease in Akkermansia with jatoba and cumbaru flours; (iii) decreasing trend of Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus with all flours tested, with the exception of the bocaiuva almond in HD samples for Ruminococcus and (iv) increase in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in PC samples with bocaiuva almond flour. JAO displayed antioxidant properties protecting cells from daunorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and DNA damage. The promising microbiota‐modulating abilities of some flours and the chemopreventive effects of JAO deserve to be further explored in human intervention studies.
Introducción: Patrones mundiales de segmentación legal en el derecho del trabajo
Authors: MÜCKENBERGER Ulrich , DINGELDEY Irene 
Published: December 2022

ResumenEl objetivo de este número monográfico es enriquecer el debate sobre la nueva regulación («rerregulación») del derecho individual del trabajo, aplicando el concepto de segmentación legal desde una perspectiva mundial y distinguiendo tres funciones de la legislación laboral: estandarización, constitución de privilegios e igualación. En este artículo introductorio se utiliza una nueva base de datos creada por los autores, que permite agrupar los países según una tipología de segmentación legal. Además de abordar las cuestiones metodológicas, se exponen las conclusiones preliminares, contrastándolas con los estudios regionales y temáticos de este monográfico, que proponen políticas destinadas a crear y aplicar normas protectoras inclusivas para todos los trabajadores.
Thermodynamics properties of Bi38ZnO58 and phase equilibria of Bi2O3–ZnO system
Authors: Gong Weiping , Luo Zhihong , Shen Youqu , Wang Ting , Li Kai , Zhao Zhenting 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Bi2O3–ZnO system is of interest for optimization of the electro‐ceramic synthesis process. There are some limitations and conflictions in the experimental studies of the Bi2O3–ZnO phase diagram in literature. In this work, five Bi2O3–ZnO compositions were prepared and characterized. The Bi38ZnO58 compound was confirmed, and its heat capacities and phase transformation properties were detected. A thermodynamic description of the Bi2O3–ZnO system was carried out based on the present work and previous studies. A set of thermodynamic database and the calculated phase diagrams of the Bi2O3–ZnO system were provided, which help to explain the discrepancies in literature.
Receiving and breaking bad news: A qualitative study of family carers managing a cancer diagnosis and interactions with healthcare services
Authors: Postavaru Gianina‐Ioana , McDermott Hilary , Biswas Sanchia , Munir Fehmidah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsTo explore family carer experiences of managing the process of receiving and breaking bad news about cancer.BackgroundFamily carers' experiences of bad news are underrepresented in the literature. This study involved oncology staff with personal experience of caregiving and carers to develop broader insights into the range of needs and difficulties experienced by family members in the process of managing a cancer diagnosis. This can help facilitate subsequent interactions with healthcare professionals and improve continuity of care.DesignThis is a descriptive qualitative study informed by the theory of social constructionism. Data were analysed using template analysis.MethodsData were collected using semi‐structured interviews and focus groups with 4 healthcare professionals and 17 family carers between January and July 2018. A purposive sampling strategy was used. Interviews were transcribed verbatim to explore participant experiences and perspectives on family carers managing a cancer diagnosis.FindingsThree key themes were identified: (1) receiving the bad news; (2) management of bad news and (3) interaction with healthcare and support services. These and associated subthemes are discussed, with recommendations for future research and practice.ConclusionsThere was variability in the experiences and needs of carers involved in receiving and breaking the bad news.ImpactAlthough family members experienced a multitude of difficult emotions when the bad news was shared, they were not often able to discern help from healthcare professionals with sharing the diagnosis with the patient and others. This impacted on access to and use of healthcare and support services. Individualized approaches to communication are needed to enable carers to seek support and provide perspectives on the patient home environment and family structure. This can help tailor breaking the bad news and care plans.Public ContributionAnonymised results were shared with family carers to validate the congruency of the codes with their experiences.
Challenging behaviour and its risk factors in children and young people in a special school setting: A four wave longitudinal study
Authors: Nicholls Gemma , Bailey Tom , Grindle Corinna F. , Hastings Richard P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundLongitudinal research is needed to strengthen evidence for risk factors for challenging behaviour in children with intellectual disabilities and to understand patterns of change over time.MethodsData on challenging behaviour were collected for 225 students in one school over four annual time points and a range of potential risk correlates. Data were analysed using Generalised Estimating Equations.ResultsPrevalence of challenging behaviour, aggression and self‐injury did not vary significantly over time. Stereotyped behaviours increased over the 4‐year period. Challenging behaviour was associated with lower levels of adaptive skills and autism. Stereotyped behaviour increased with age. Self‐injurious behaviour was less likely to be shown in children with profound intellectual disabilities over time.ConclusionsThese findings are consistent with previous research in terms of potential risk factors identified. Implications for schools include proactive interventions for children with intellectual disabilities at high risk; especially those with autism and poorer adaptive skills.
Comparison of complete resection rates in cold snare polypectomy using two different wire diameter snares: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Horii Toshiki , Suzuki Sho , Sugita Akihiro , Yamauchi Misa , Ikehara Hisatomo , Kusano Chika , Gotoda Takuji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimCold snare polypectomy (CSP) is a standard treatment for small colorectal polyps. This study examined the effect of different snare wire diameters on complete histological resection rate, resection depth, and CSP safety.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted at two institutions between June 2019 and March 2021. Eligible colorectal polyps (≤10 mm) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either CSP with a conventional snare made of normal‐diameter wire (0.40 mm) or CSP with a dedicated snare made of thin wire (0.23 mm). The primary endpoint was the complete resection rate determined on histological assessment of the resected specimen.ResultsIn total, 254 lesions in 152 patients were included, with 128 and 126 lesions assigned to the normal‐diameter wire snare group and the thin‐wire snare group, respectively. No significant differences were observed in patient characteristics between the two groups. The histological complete resection rate was significantly higher in the thin‐wire snare group than in the normal‐diameter wire snare group (70.0% vs 81.0%, P = 0.04). The normal‐diameter wire snare group had significantly more cases of unclear horizontal margin evaluation than the thin‐wire snare group (28.1% vs 15.9%, P = 0.02). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in the muscularis mucosa and submucosa of the resected specimens or the thickness of the submucosa in the resected specimens.ConclusionsCSP with a dedicated thin‐wire snare provides more specimens that can be evaluated at the horizontal end and increases the histological complete resection rate.
Clinical presentation of COVID‐19 and association with outcomes among hospitalized older adults
Authors: Ohuabunwa Ugochi , Afolabi Phebe , Tom‐Aba Daniel , Fluker Shelly‐Ann 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundOlder adults from racial and ethnic minority groups are at higher risk for worse outcomes with COVID‐19. This study sought to characterize the symptomatology of COVID‐19 and the association of symptoms with all‐cause in‐hospital mortality and respiratory failure in a cohort of older, predominantly African American adults admitted to a tertiary hospital.MethodsA retrospective chart review of all hospitalized patients 65 and older with a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test was conducted in a 953‐bed academic, urban hospital. Measurements included demographics, symptoms, laboratory findings, and outcomes. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality, and the secondary outcome was respiratory failure.ResultsA total of 134 patients with a mean age of 76.4 years were studied. Fifty‐six percent were men and 90% were African American. Of these, 108 patients presented with typical symptoms, among whom 89.8% had co‐existing geriatric syndromes. Only 10.2% presented with typical symptoms alone. The most common typical symptoms were fever (57%), shortness of breath (SOB) (51.2%), and cough (48.8%). Atypical symptoms were present in 68 (51%) patients, of whom 83.8% had co‐existing typical symptoms and 76.5% had co‐existing geriatric syndromes. Only 17.2% of patients presented with atypical symptoms alone. Atypical symptoms identified were anorexia (43%), dizziness (12.4%), and syncope (7.4%). Geriatric syndromes were identified in 102 (76%) patients, including altered mental status (71.1%), weakness (26.4%), and falls (24.8%). Respiratory failure occurred in 65.8% of patients, with 35.4% requiring ventilators while 22.3% of patients died. Age, male gender, SOB, sepsis, and certain laboratory values were associated with outcomes.ConclusionHospitalized older adults infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 may present with a range of symptoms encompassing typical, atypical, and geriatric syndromes. Early testing for COVID‐19 should be considered in hospitalized older adults.
Comparison of the effects of AgNPs on the morphological and mechanical characteristics of cancerous cells
Authors: Zhu Jiajing , Tian Yanling , Cao Liang , Hu Jing , Yan Jin , Wang Zuobin , Liu Xianping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCurrently, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most produced nanoparticles in global market and have been widely utilized in the biomedical field. Here, we investigated the morphological and mechanical effects of AgNPs on cancerous cells of A549 cells and SMMC‐7721 cells with atomic force microscope (AFM). The influence of AgNPs on the morphological properties and mechanical properties of cancerous cells were characterized utilizing the force–volume (FV) mode and force spectroscopy (FS) mode of AFM measurement. We mainly focus on the comparison of the effects of AgNPs on the two types of cancerous cells based on the fitting results of calculating the Young's moduli utilizing the Sneddon model. The results showed that the morphology changed little, but the mechanical properties of height, roughness, adhesion force and Young's moduli of two cancerous cells varied significantly with the stimulation of different concentrations of AgNPs. This research has provided insights into the classification and characterization of the effects of the various concentrations of AgNPs on the cancerous cells in vitro by utilizing AFM methodologies for disease therapy.
Reducing Disparities in Postpartum Care Utilization: Development of a Clinical Risk Assessment Tool
Authors: Tenfelde Sandi , Joyce Cara , Tell Dina , Masinter Lisa , Wallander‐ Gemkow Jena , Garfield Lindsey 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionPatients receiving care at Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) have low postpartum care attendance. Perinatal morbidity and mortality disproportionately affect patients with low‐income and are potentially preventable. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinical decision support tool to identify FQHC patients less likely to return for postpartum care. To accomplish this purpose, we evaluated established predictors and novel risk factors in our patient population.MethodsThis is a retrospective, secondary data analysis of 50,022 patients who received prenatal care past 24 weeks’ gestation in FQHCs between 2012 and 2017. The postpartum visit was defined using Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set measures as early care (birth to 21 days) and later care (21‐84 days). Anderson's Behavioral Model for Access to Healthcare guided inclusion of potentially predictive factors. We stratified data by postpartum care attendance, and a final predictive model was selected by model fit statistics and clinical relevance.ResultsIn our sample, 64% of birthing persons attended postpartum care at FQHCs. Of those who returned for care, 38% returned within 21 days postbirth and 62% returned between 21 and 84 days, with 28% returning for both early and later care. Predictors for postpartum care attendance included maternal age, parity, gestational age at first visit, and number of prenatal care visits. A clinical decision support tool for identifying patients less likely to return for care was created.DiscussionAn easy to implement clinical decision support tool can help identify FQHC patients at risk for postpartum nonattendance. Future interventions to improve adequacy of prenatal care can encourage early entry into prenatal care and sufficient prenatal visits. These efforts may improve postpartum care attendance and maternal health.
Efficacy of stabilisation splint and low‐level laser therapy for patients with chronic closed lock from non‐reducible displaced temporo‐mandibular joint discs: A parallel randomised clinical trial
Authors: El‐Shaheed Noha H. , Mostafa Aisha Z. H. , Aboelez Marwa A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundStabilisation splint therapy (SST) and low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) are effective‐invasive treatment for temporo‐mandibular disorder (TMD) patients. However, the specific efficacy of each therapy in patients with chronic closed lock (CCL) from temporo‐mandibular joints (TMJ) disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR) remains unknown.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess and compare the efficacy of SST and LLLT alone or in combination in patients with CCL from TMJ DDwoR.MethodsThis parallel randomised clinical trial included 42 patients who were diagnosed with CCL from TMJ DDwoR. Patients were allocated equally and randomly into three treatment groups: group I received combined SST and LLLT, group II received LLLT and group III received SST. Maximum mouth opening (MMO), visual analogue scale (VAS), muscle and joint palpation scores and time required to achieve normal state were evaluated at baseline, 1, 2, 4 weeks, 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Data were collected and analysed using SPSS software.ResultsRegarding MMO and VAS, a statistically significant improvement was found between group I versus group II and versus group III at all evaluation times. Regarding muscle and joint palpation scores, a statistically significant difference was found between group I versus group III, while non‐significant difference was found between group I and group II. A statistically significant faster improvement was found in group I versus group III and versus group II.ConclusionAll treatment modalities can be effective in management of CCL from a TMJ DDwoR cases, but the combined SST and LLLT group seems to provide the best and quickest improvement.Clinical trial registration number: NCT05548894.