bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interoperable slide microscopy viewer and annotation tool for imaging data science and computational pathology
Authors: Gorman Chris , Punzo Davide , Octaviano Igor , Pieper Steven , Longabaugh William J. R. , Clunie David A. , Kikinis Ron , Fedorov Andrey Y. , Herrmann Markus D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe exchange of large and complex slide microscopy imaging data in biomedical research and pathology practice is impeded by a lack of data standardization and interoperability, which is detrimental to the reproducibility of scientific findings and clinical integration of technological innovations. We introduce Slim, an open-source, web-based slide microscopy viewer that implements the internationally accepted Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard to achieve interoperability with a multitude of existing medical imaging systems. We showcase the capabilities of Slim as the slide microscopy viewer of the NCI Imaging Data Commons and demonstrate how the viewer enables interactive visualization of traditional brightfield microscopy and highly-multiplexed immunofluorescence microscopy images from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Human Tissue Atlas Network, respectively, using standard DICOMweb services. We further show how Slim enables the collection of standardized image annotations for the development or validation of machine learning models and the visual interpretation of model inference results in the form of segmentation masks, spatial heat maps, or image-derived measurements.
Population dynamics of head-direction neurons during drift and reorientation
Authors: Ajabi Zaki , Keinath Alexandra T. , Wei Xue-Xin , Brandon Mark P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe head direction (HD) system functions as the brain’s internal compass1,2, classically formalized as a one-dimensional ring attractor network3,4. In contrast to a globally consistent magnetic compass, the HD system does not have a universal reference frame. Instead, it anchors to local cues, maintaining a stable offset when cues rotate5–8 and drifting in the absence of referents5,8–10. However, questions about the mechanisms that underlie anchoring and drift remain unresolved and are best addressed at the population level. For example, the extent to which the one-dimensional description of population activity holds under conditions of reorientation and drift is unclear. Here we performed population recordings of thalamic HD cells using calcium imaging during controlled rotations of a visual landmark. Across experiments, population activity varied along a second dimension, which we refer to as network gain, especially under circumstances of cue conflict and ambiguity. Activity along this dimension predicted realignment and drift dynamics, including the speed of network realignment. In the dark, network gain maintained a ‘memory trace’ of the previously displayed landmark. Further experiments demonstrated that the HD network returned to its baseline orientation after brief, but not longer, exposures to a rotated cue. This experience dependence suggests that memory of previous associations between HD neurons and allocentric cues is maintained and influences the internal HD representation. Building on these results, we show that continuous rotation of a visual landmark induced rotation of the HD representation that persisted in darkness, demonstrating experience-dependent recalibration of the HD system. Finally, we propose a computational model to formalize how the neural compass flexibly adapts to changing environmental cues to maintain a reliable representation of HD. These results challenge classical one-dimensional interpretations of the HD system and provide insights into the interactions between this system and the cues to which it anchors.
Structural basis of mitochondrial membrane bending by the I–II–III2–IV2 supercomplex
Authors: Mühleip Alexander , Flygaard Rasmus Kock , Baradaran Rozbeh , Haapanen Outi , Gruhl Thomas , Tobiasson Victor , Maréchal Amandine , Sharma Vivek , Amunts Alexey 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMitochondrial energy conversion requires an intricate architecture of the inner mitochondrial membrane1. Here we show that a supercomplex containing all four respiratory chain components contributes to membrane curvature induction in ciliates. We report cryo-electron microscopy and cryo-tomography structures of the supercomplex that comprises 150 different proteins and 311 bound lipids, forming a stable 5.8-MDa assembly. Owing to subunit acquisition and extension, complex I associates with a complex IV dimer, generating a wedge-shaped gap that serves as a binding site for complex II. Together with a tilted complex III dimer association, it results in a curved membrane region. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the divergent supercomplex actively contributes to the membrane curvature induction and tubulation of cristae. Our findings highlight how the evolution of protein subunits of respiratory complexes has led to the I–II–III2–IV2 supercomplex that contributes to the shaping of the bioenergetic membrane, thereby enabling its functional specialization.
An investigation of zinc isotope fractionation in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) and comparison of zinc and cadmium isotope compositions in hydroponic plant systems under high cadmium stress
Authors: Barati Elnaz , Moore Rebekah E. T. , Ullah Ihsan , Kreissig Katharina , Coles Barry J. , Dunwell Jim M. , Rehkämper Mark 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aims to establish whether zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) share similar physiological mechanisms for uptake and translocation in cacao plants (Theobroma cacao L.). Multiple-collector ICP-MS was used to determine the Zn stable isotope compositions in the roots, stems and leaves of 19 diverse cacao genotypes grown in hydroponics with 20 µmol L−1 CdCl2. Additional plants of one genotype were grown in hydroponic solutions containing lower Cd concentrations (0 and 5 µmol L−1 added CdCl2). Regardless of the Cd concentration used in the exposures, the Zn stable isotope compositions show the same systematic patterns in plant organs, with δ66Znroot > δ66Znstem > δ66Znleaf (δ66Zn denotes relative differences in 66Zn/64Zn ratios in parts per thousand). The mean Zn stable isotope fractionation between the plants and the hydroponic solutions was ε66Znuptake = –1.15 ± 0.36‰ (2SD), indicating preferential uptake of isotopically light Zn by plants from the hydroponic solution. The mean stable isotope fractionation factor associated with translocation of Zn from roots to shoots, ε66Znseq-mob =  + 0.52 ± 0.36‰ (2SD), shows that isotopically heavy Zn is preferentially sequestered in the cacao roots, whilst isotopically light Zn is mobilised to the leaves. A comparison with the Cd stable isotope compositions of the same plants shows that both isotopically light Zn and Cd are preferentially taken up by cacao plants. In contrast to Zn, however, the cacao roots retain isotopically light Cd and transfer isotopically heavy Cd to the leaves.
Comparing the effectiveness and lubricity of a novel Shea lubricant to 2% lidocaine gel for digital rectal examination: a randomized non-inferiority trial
Authors: Adanu Kekeli Kodjo , Iroko Davidson , Amegan-Aho Kokou , Adedia David , Ndudiri Orish Verner , Ali Mahamudu Ayamba , Oyortey Mawuenyo Attawa , Kpodonu Jacques 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study compared the level of lubricity and pain reduction of a novel shea lubricant to 2% lidocaine gel during digital rectal examination (DRE). Our research group performed a 9-week single-blind non-inferiority trial at the Ho Teaching Hospital involving 153 patients. The primary outcome measure was the mean pain difference during the procedure using a Visual Analogue Scale. 75 and 78 patients were randomized to the shea lubricant and 2% lidocaine gel groups respectively. The analysis considered the per-protocol population. The mean pain difference at endpoint was Δ − 0.01. The 95% lower confidence interval was a -0.595 difference in means, above the non-inferiority (NI) limit of − 0.720, thus establishing non-inferiority (Δ − 0.01, 95% CI − 0.59 to 0.57, NI − 0.72). With secondary outcome measures, perianal pruritus (p = 0.728), discomfort (p = 0.446), bowel urgency (p = 0.077) and urinary urgency (p = 0.841) were similar during the procedure. Shea lubricant had better lubricity and ease of use (p = 0.002). While the novel shea lubricant achieved similar level of pain reduction as obtained with 2% lidocaine gel, it had better ease of performance and lubricity.
Experiments and simulation of block motion in underwater bench blasting
Authors: Wu Liang , Liang Zhijian , Chen Ming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe blasting mechanism underlying drilling and blasting of underwater rocks, as an important component of the engineering blasting technology, has not been systematically studied. Laboratory model experiments are expensive and take a long time, while field tests fail to obtain timeous breakage and accumulation effects of underwater blasting, and may even be impossible. Considering this, a model experiment of underwater concrete bench blasting was designed, and the motion of blasted blocks was observed and evaluated with a high-speed camera. Then, numerical simulation was conducted based on Fluent and an engineering discrete element method coupling program complied using the application programming interface. Results show that the blocks form a bulge in the underwater blasting experiment under action of blast waves and expansion in the first period of bubble pulsation. Then, some blocks shrink in the first period of bubble pulsation. As the charge increases, the blast load exerts larger disturbance on the block group, resulting in significant motion of blasted blocks along the vertical direction. At the same time, the horizontal displacement of blasted blocks in the throwing direction increases.
A novel 3D culture model for human primary mammary adipocytes to study their metabolic crosstalk with breast cancer in lean and obese conditions
Authors: Rebeaud Marie , Bouche Caroline , Dauvillier Stéphanie , Attané Camille , Arellano Carlo , Vaysse Charlotte , Fallone Frédérique , Muller Catherine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObesity is a negative prognosis factor for breast cancer. Yet, the biological mechanisms underlying this effect are still largely unknown. An emerging hypothesis is that the transfer of free fatty acids (FFA) between adipocytes and tumor cells might be altered under obese conditions, contributing to tumor progression. Currently there is a paucity of models to study human mammary adipocytes (M-Ads)-cancer crosstalk. As for other types of isolated white adipocytes, herein, we showed that human M-Ads die within 2–3 days by necrosis when grown in 2D. As an alternative, M-Ads were grown in a fibrin matrix, a 3D model that preserve their distribution, integrity and metabolic function for up to 5 days at physiological glucose concentrations (5 mM). Higher glucose concentrations frequently used in in vitro models promote lipogenesis during M-Ads culture, impairing their lipolytic function. Using transwell inserts, the matrix embedded adipocytes were cocultured with breast cancer cells. FFA transfer between M-Ads and cancer cells was observed, and this event was amplified by obesity. Together these data show that our 3D model is a new tool for studying the effect of M-Ads on tumor cells and beyond with all the components of the tumor microenvironment including the immune cells.
Coffee consumption and associations with blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol and echocardiographic measures in the general population
Authors: Senftinger Juliana , Nikorowitsch Julius , Borof Katrin , Ojeda Francisco , Aarabi Ghazal , Beikler Thomas , Mayer Carola , Behrendt Christian-Alexander , Walther Carolin , Zyriax Birgit-Christiane , Twerenbold Raphael , Blankenberg Stefan , Wenzel Jan-Per 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoffee, next to water the most widespread beverage, is attributed both harmful and protective characteristics concerning cardiovascular health. This study aimed to evaluate associations of coffee consumption with cardiac biomarkers, echocardiographic, electrocardiographic parameters and major cardiovascular diseases. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 9009 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), enrolled between 2016 and 2018 median age 63 [IQR: 55; 69] years. Coffee consumption was classified into three groups: < 3 cups/day (low), 3–4 cups/day (moderate), > 4 cups/day (high). In linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and additives, high coffee consumption correlated with higher LDL-cholesterol (β = 5.92; 95% CI 2.95, 8.89; p < 0.001). Moderate and high coffee consumption correlated with lower systolic (β = − 1.91; 95% CI − 3.04, − 0.78; p = 0.001; high: β = − 3.06; 95% CI − 4.69, − 1.44; p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (β = − 1.05; 95% CI − 1.67, − 0.43; p = 0.001; high: β = − 1.85; 95% CI − 2.74, − 0.96; p < 0.001). Different levels of coffee consumption did neither correlate with any investigated electrocardiographic or echocardiographic parameter nor with prevalent major cardiovascular diseases, including prior myocardial infarction and heart failure. In this cross-sectional analysis, high coffee consumption correlated with raised LDL-cholesterol levels and lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. However, major cardiovascular diseases including heart failure and its diagnostic precursors were not associated with coffee consumption, connoting a neutral role of coffee in the context of cardiovascular health.
Aerosol-based functional nanocomposite coating process for large surface areas
Authors: Lai Shutong , Sublemontier Olivier , Aubry Eric , Rousseau Youri , Billard Alain , Briois Pascal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe incorporation of nanometric-sized objects in conventional coatings can improve the properties of the matrix alone or give rise to new functionalities brought by the nanostructures. Current processes call on various shaping technologies that depend on the nature of the nano-inclusions and the matrix considered. Here, we present an integrated process based on the incorporation of nanoparticles using the aerosol route. It combines divergent nanoparticle jets with a uniform spatial profile and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD). The chemical nature of the nanoparticles is then independent of that used for the matrix. First samples show that the morphology of nanocomposites is strongly dependent on the particle density in the films. Moreover, using several aerodynamic lens arrays combined with smart masking demonstrate the ability for coating on large surface area (40 cm2) substrates. These extended possibilities for developing new types of nanocomposites on any type of substrate and on large surface areas at low temperatures proves to be of strategic interest for various applications.
Prenatal environment impacts telomere length in newborn dairy heifers
Authors: Meesters Maya , Van Eetvelde Mieke , Martens Dries S. , Nawrot Tim S. , Dewulf Manon , Govaere Jan , Opsomer Geert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTelomere length is associated with longevity and survival in multiple species. In human population-based studies, multiple prenatal factors have been described to be associated with a newborn’s telomere length. In the present study, we measured relative leukocyte telomere length in 210 Holstein Friesian heifers, within the first ten days of life. The dam’s age, parity, and milk production parameters, as well as environmental factors during gestation were assessed for their potential effect on telomere length. We found that for both primi- and multiparous dams, the telomere length was 1.16% shorter for each day increase in the calf’s age at sampling (P = 0.017). The dam’s age at parturition (P = 0.045), and the median temperature-humidity index (THI) during the third trimester of gestation (P = 0.006) were also negatively associated with the calves’ TL. Investigating multiparous dams separately, only the calf’s age at sampling was significantly and negatively associated with the calves’ TL (P = 0.025). Results of the present study support the hypothesis that in cattle, early life telomere length is influenced by prenatal factors. Furthermore, the results suggest that selecting heifers born in winter out of young dams might contribute to increased longevity in dairy cattle.
Brazilian berry waste as a source of bioactive compounds: grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensisLam.) as a case study
Authors: Albuquerque Bianca R. , Finimundy Tiane C. , Pinela José , Pires Tânia C. S. P. , Mandim Filipa , Vaz Josiana , Corrêa Rúbia C. G. , Oliveira Maria Beatriz P. P. , Barros Lillian 
Published: March 2023

Bioactive compounds and bioactivities of grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.) residues.
Solving multiple travelling salesman problem through deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Ling Zhengxuan , Zhou Yueling , Zhang Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe multiple travelling salesman problem (mTSP) is a classical optimisation problem that is widely applied in various fields. Although the mTSP was solved using both classical algorithms and artificial neural networks, reiteration is inevitable for these methods when presented with new samples. To meet the online and high‐speed logistics requirements deploying new information technology, the iterative algorithm may not be reliable and timely. In this study, a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)‐based solution method for mTSP is proposed, which can establish the mapping between the parameters and the optimal solutions directly and avoid the use of iterations. To facilitate the DCNN in establishing a mapping, an image representation that can transfer the mTSP from an optimisation problem into a computer vision problem is presented. While maintaining the excellent quality of the results, the efficiency of the solution achieved by the proposed method is much higher than that of the traditional optimisation method after training. Meanwhile, the method can be applied to solve the mTSP under different constraints after transfer learning.
NiOx electrochemical sensor fabricated via electrodeposition and spin‐coating
Authors: Park Sodam , Kang Hoon , Kang Chung Mu , Kim Yekyung , Kim Eun Joong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNiOx thin films were prepared on an Au substrate using the electrodeposition (ED), spin‐coating (SP), and ED after SP (SP/ED) techniques to realize their application as an electrochemical sensor for the selective detection of trace substances. The results indicated that the electrodeposited films had nanoparticles formed as coarse‐grain morphology, and the spin‐coated films had a uniform layer with ∼60 nm thickness. The thin film prepared by the SP/ED technique showed the highest electrochemical activity, and it was used to record a linear sweep voltammogram to measure the target substance, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and glucose, from low concentrations (2 nM) to high concentrations (200 μM). Within the range of concentrations, high R2 values of ≥0.99 were observed for both target substances, confirming that the SP/ED thin films can be used as an electrochemical sensor with high reliability.
A comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art review on reliability assessment and charging methodologies of grid‐integrated electric vehicles
Authors: Singh Saumya , Saket Ram K. , Khan Baseem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article presents a comprehensive review on the reliability assessment and charging methodologies of electric vehicles (EVs) connected to the grid. In the transportation industry, EVs are acknowledged as effective ideas for reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and the emission of greenhouse gases. The article presents a critical survey of the various types of EVs and their performance, generally depend on the proper interface between power electronics converters and energy storage devices. Bi‐directional converters are utilised to enhance efficiency and prolong battery life. This article explores an in‐depth analysis of the grid connected converter topologies for distribution networks, charging infrastructures and standards, battery charging technologies (merits/demerits), and most advanced off‐board and on‐board EV chargers. Evaluating the reliability of grid‐integrated EVs system is thus an important area of research. Then, the current research approaches vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) and grid‐to‐vehicle (G2V) are demonstrated to describe travel behaviour, reliability parameters, and battery capacity associated with reliability and to assess the stability of the distribution system by incorporating EV discharging thresholds of both distribution networks and EVs. Finally, this article illustrates the positive as well as negative impacts of grid integration, issues related to EV converters, and specific suggestions for developing EV charging stations (CS) in the future.
Adaptive fractional differential algorithm for image edge enhancement and texture preserve using fuzzy sets
Authors: Li Bo , Xie Wei , Zhang Langwen , Yu Xiaoyuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper uses a fuzzy set scheme to present an adaptive fractional differential algorithm for image edge enhancement and texture preservation. In the proposed algorithm, an image's membership function and area feature are used to calculate the fuzzy set of images. The function of adaptive fractional differential order (FAFDO) can be constructed by making the linear transformation of the fuzzy set. Then, the fuzzy adaptive fractional differential mask (FAFDM) is obtained by substituting the FAFDO into the fractional differential mask. Finally, the image edge and texture are enhanced and preserved by applying airspace filtering of the FAFDM convolution. The experimental results show that, compared to fractional differential or fuzzy set‐based image enhancement algorithms, the proposed algorithm can adaptively enhance the image edge and preserve the image texture by analysing the fuzziness of the image itself.
Towards a direct measurement of the 17O(p, γ)18F 65 keV resonance strength at LUNA
Authors: Piatti D. , Ciani G.F. 
Published: March 2023

The 17O(p, γ)18F reaction plays a crucial role in the hydrogen burning phases of different stellar scenarios. At temperature of interest for AGB nucleosynthesis (20 MK < T < 80 MK) the main contribution to the astrophysical reaction rate comes from the poorly constrained 65 keV resonance. The strength of this resonance is presently determined only through indirect measurements, with a reported value of ωγ = (1.6 ± 0.3) 10−11 eV. With typical experimental quantities for beam current, isotopic enrichment and detection efficiency, this strength yields to an expected count rate of less than one count per Coulomb, making the direct measurement of this resonance extremely challenging.
A new high sensitivity setup has been installed at LUNA (Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics) of Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The high performance LUNA 400kV accelerator underground location guarantees, indeed, a reduction of cosmic ray background by several orders of magnitude. The residual background was further reduced by a devoted shielding of lead and borated (5%) polyethylene. On the other hand, the 4π BGO detector efficiency was optimized installing aluminum target chamber and holder. With about 400 C accumulated on Ta2O5 targets, with nominal 17O enrichment of 90%, the LUNA collaboration has performed the first direct measurement of the 65 keV resonance strength.