bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic response of a nuclear island building with base isolation considering the soil–structure interaction effect
Authors: Zhu Xiuyun , Zhu Jingsheng , Pan Rong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the influence of soil–structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic response of a nuclear island (NI) building with base isolation. Hence, modal and dynamic time‐history analyses of the NI building with base isolation based on different soil dynamic numerical models that are applicable for homogeneous and layered sites to consider the SSI effect were conducted. After a comparison analysis of natural frequencies, floor response spectra (FRS), and acceleration response of superstructure, the following results are obtained. (i) For homogeneous sites, the degrees of freedom of the horizontal translation and torsion of the NI building with base isolation calculated using different site dynamic numerical models have equivalent natural frequencies. For layered sites, the natural frequencies increase slightly with the improvement of the shear wave velocity of the upper layered soil. (ii) For homogeneous sites, FRS calculated by the massless foundation model is generally larger than those of the dynamic model proposed by the ASCE code and the viscoelastic artificial boundary site model. Both the spectral and peak values of horizontal FRS at a low frequency band calculated by considering the SSI effect are larger than those without the SSI effect. (iii) For layered sites, both the spectral and peak values of horizontal FRS at a low frequency band have an amplification effect compared with that of a homogeneous site. (iv) For layered sites, the calculated horizontal acceleration response does not have evident law that changes with the degree of hardness and softness of the upper soil. Therefore, the SSI effect for particular homogeneous and layered sites should be considered when calculating the seismic response of the NI building with base isolation.
Research on a power smoothing control strategy for energy storage hydraulic wind turbines
Authors: Gao Wei , Zhang Yankang , Zhang Lin , Ai Chao , Chen Lijuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo solve the problem of large output power fluctuations in wind turbines and improve grid adaptability, a hydraulic energy storage system is introduced in traditional hydraulic wind turbines. Based on the working principle of energy storage hydraulic wind turbines, an energy storage hydraulic wind turbine state space model is established, and the feedback linearization method is introduced to solve the multiplication nonlinear problem in the modeling process. The output power is taken as the control output, and the torque compensation controller is established with the feedback linearization method. The displacement of the variable displacement pump motor is controlled to realize hydraulic energy storage system energy charging and discharging, and the wind turbine output power smoothing control is realized with the fluctuating wind speed. The power smoothing control strategy is verified with the 24 kW energy storage hydraulic wind turbines semi‐physical simulation experimental platform. The proposed control strategy lays the groundwork for the wide application of the energy storage hydraulic wind turbines.
Performance enhancement of an H‐Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine via moving surface boundary‐layer control
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Sun Xiaojing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe moving surface boundary‐layer control method (MSBC) is a kind of active flow control methods that overcomes the adverse pressure gradient and suppresses the flow separation by directly energizing the boundary layer near the moving surface. In this study, computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the feasibility of using MSBC to improve the aerodynamic performance of a straight‐bladed H‐Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). In doing so, a segment of the original surface of the VAWT blade was then replaced with a moving surface. Influences of different geometric and motion parameters of moving surface, including location, length, velocity ratio, and groove depth on the net power coefficient of VAWT, were systematically studied. Moreover, the sensitivity of different parameters to the net power coefficient of VAWT at the optimal tip speed ratio was analyzed via the orthogonal design method. As a result, the optimal combination of moving surface parameters was able to be determined. The present results show that the maximum net power coefficient of VAWT having blades with partially moving surface can be increased by 22.8% compared with that of the baseline VAWT. In addition, the effectiveness of two active flow control methods, co‐flow jet and moving surface, in improving aerodynamic performance of a VAWT was also compared. It is found that MSBC method has the potential to achieve superior control performance and promote the energy utilization coefficient of the VAWT more effectively by using comparatively less external energy input.
Multi‐objective optimal planning of EV charging stations and renewable energy resources for smart microgrids
Authors: Asaad Ali , Ali Abdelfatah , Mahmoud Karar , Shaaban Mostafa F. , Lehtonen Matti , Kassem Ahmed M. , Ebeed Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDistribution system planners and operators have increasingly exposed great attention to maximizing the penetration of renewable energy resources (RERs), and electric vehicles (EVs) toward modern microgrids. Accordingly, intensive operational and economic problems are expected in such microgrids. Specifically, the operators need to meet the increased demand for EVs and increase the dependence on RERs. The charging strategy for EVs and the RER penetration level may result in increased power loss, thermal loading, voltage deviation, and overall system cost. To address these concerns, this paper proposed an optimal planning approach for allocating EV charging stations with controllable charging and hybrid RERs within multi‐microgrids, where the charging strategy in the proposed planning approach contributed to improving power quality and overall system cost, where the voltage deviation, energy not supplied, total cost have been reduced to 26.03%, 49.57%, and 70.45%, respectively. The simulation results are compared with different optimization techniques to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed simultaneous allocation approach of EV charging stations and RERs can reduce operating costs for RERs and conventional stations while increasing the charging stations' capacity.
Natural remobilization and historical evolution of a modern coastal transgressive dunefield
Authors: Robin Nicolas , Billy Julie , Nicolae Lerma Alexandre , Castelle Bruno , Hesp Patrick A. , Rosebery David , Fauny Corentin , Deparis Jacques , Marieu Vincent , Bouchet Cedric , Miot da Silva Graziela 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe vast majority of coastal dunes in Europe have been stabilized by increasing vegetation cover since the mid‐20th century. However, some systems may experience a remobilization phase, generally occurring locally and further propagating alongshore, the drivers of which remain poorly documented. This study investigates the evolutionary paths (stabilization/destabilization/remobilization) from 1945 to 2020 of a 2 km‐long modern coastal transgressive dunefield located in southwest France with a holistic approach (GPR profiles, aerial photographs and LiDAR topographic data). Results show a landward migration of the transgressive dune by approximately 233 ± 7.5 m, through two distinct stages of rapid landward migration from 10 to 23 m/yr (Stage I: 1949–1959 and Stage III: 2000–2021) separated by an approximately 40‐year stage of slow to no migration, but with substantial windward slope deflation (Stage II). The onset of Stage II is due to the fixation of vegetation by human action between 1950 and 1959. The onset of Stage III is hypothesized to be driven by long and sustained upper backshore/dune toe erosion beginning in 1968 due to a massive shoal welding that locally disturbed the longshore drift. It induced a destabilization of the dune and erosion of the vegetation cover over some decades. A non‐synchronization is therefore observed between the start of the perturbation (1968), then the migration (2000), in line with the hysteresis concept of Tsoar (2005). This study shows that almost all of the sedimentary volume of the 1945 dune has been remobilized by translation to shape the dune system in its current form. The 2.2 km dunefield has grown by approximately 673 000 ± 190 000 m3 during the 2005–2020 period. Among this volume, there is a new foredune that was built from 2005 between the upper beach and the transgressive dune (volume in 2020 of about 394 000 ± 68 000 m3).
(Network value)‐based adaptive dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm for 5G network slicing
Authors: Wu Lijuan , Gan Chaoqin , Xu Zhongsen , Hui Jianqiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, a (network value)‐based inter‐slice and intra‐slice adaptive dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm is proposed for the coexistence scenario of URLLC slices, eMBB slices, and mMTC slices in 5G fronthaul networks. The network value model applicable to network slicing is constructed to provide a means for the value evaluation of virtual networks. According to the bandwidth requirements of the slices, the adaptive inter‐slice bandwidth allocation is realized to ensure that the fronthaul network can obtain the maximum economic value under different load states. For the service characteristics of three slices, three intra‐slice bandwidth allocation algorithms are proposed, respectively, to realize adaptive ONU bandwidth allocation. It not only meets the differentiated service demands of different slices, but also enables each slice to obtain the maximum QoS value. By simulation and analysis, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated.
A theoretical approach for prediction of temperature and heat flux of copper beads on wood surfaces
Authors: Mouzakitis Panagiotis J. , Halevidis Constantinos D. , Polykrati Aikaterini D. , Bourkas Perikles D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present research is dedicated to investigating the fire hazard risks of molten metal particles from electrical wires or devices, in enclosed places (houses, factories, etc.). A mathematical model is proposed for the calculation of the temperature of the molten particles as well as the heat flux they can transfer to the attached surface and the temperature of the attached surface. It is concluded that the probability of fire ignition for a specific bed is a function of the molten particles' diameter and the ratio of the contact to total surface. The proposed model can be used for fire investigation analysis in indoor places due to potential electric faults.
Improved two‐step testing of genome‐wide gene–environment interactions
Authors: Kawaguchi Eric S. , Kim Andre E. , Lewinger Juan Pablo , Gauderman W. James 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo‐step tests for gene–environment () interactions exploit marginal single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects to improve the power of a genome‐wide interaction scan. They combine a screening step based on marginal effects used to “bin” SNPs for weighted hypothesis testing in the second step to deliver greater power over single‐step tests while preserving the genome‐wide Type I error. However, the presence of many SNPs with detectable marginal effects on the trait of interest can reduce power by “displacing” true interactions with weaker marginal effects and by adding to the number of tests that need to be corrected for multiple testing. We introduce a new significance‐based allocation into bins for Step‐2 testing that overcomes the displacement issue and propose a computationally efficient approach to account for multiple testing within bins. Simulation results demonstrate that these simple improvements can provide substantially greater power than current methods under several scenarios. An application to a multistudy collaboration for understanding colorectal cancer reveals a G × Sex interaction located near the SMAD7 gene.
Parathyroid hormone‐driven algorithms after thyroid surgery: Not one‐size‐fits‐all
Authors: Samargandy Shireen , Wadie John , Msallak Haytham , Chiodo Albino , El Masri William , Hubbard Bradley , Enepekides Danny , Higgins Kevin , Assal Angela , Fine Rebecca , Fung Raymond , Nicholas Everton , Beadle Valrie , Eskander Antoine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnderreported variation in parathyroid hormone (PTH) assays exists. Using quality improvement methods, we aimed to develop an institution‐specific PTH‐based protocol to predict hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent total/completion thyroidectomy. A receiver operating curve (ROC) determined postoperative PTH cut‐offs predictive of hypocalcemia. The stakeholders developed PTH‐driven calcium management guidelines. Post‐implementation outcomes were prospectively measured.ResultsPre‐implementation, 95 patients were assessed. PTH ≤1.5 pmol/L (14.1 pg/ml) predicted hypocalcemia (96%sensitivity), and ≥2.8 pmol/L (26.4 pg/ml) predicted normocalcemia (99%specificity) (area under curve = 0.97, SEM = 0.018). PTH on the day of and morning after surgery were identically predictive. Post‐implementation, 64 patients were assessed. Hypocalcemia occurred with PTH >2.8 pmol/L in 2 cases (3.1%). Calcium over‐prescribing decreased from 13.7% to 3.1% (p = 0.06). Length of stay (LOS) > 2 nights decreased from 13% to 3.1% (p = 0.05).ConclusionA PTH‐driven calcium management protocol post‐thyroidectomy effectively reduces unnecessary calcium replacement and LOS. Given the variability in PTH assays, each institution may need to use individual cut‐offs.
A review on monkeypox virus outbreak: New challenge for world
Authors: Ferdous Jannatul , Barek Md. Abdul , Hossen Md. Shafiul , Bhowmik Khokon Kanti , Islam Mohammad Safiqul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMonkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, a double‐stranded DNA‐enveloped virus that can be transmitted from animal to human or human to human. Consequently, it emerged as the most important orthopoxvirus for public health. Based on available online literature, this study reviewed the majority of the data representing the outbreak, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of monkeypox.MethodsThe literature search was conducted between July 5 and September 15, 2022. In addition to reviewing the databases of World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Africa CDC, and United Kingdom Health Security Agency monkey pox advice, 43 papers were studied in depth.Results and DiscussionHuman monkeypox was first identified in 1970 in a child in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Until May 6, 2022, it was endemic in West and Central African countries and infrequently occurred outside of Africa. However, many cases have been identified in several nonendemic countries since May 13, 2022, with no prior human or animal travel from endemic areas; that was the first time to document the cases and long‐term transmission in countries with no epidemiological ties to endemic African countries. Seven travel‐related human monkeypox cases were recorded outside of Africa from September 2018 to November 2021: one in Israel, one in Singapore, and two in the US Youth are most affected. Monkeypox's unanticipated development in places with no known epidemiological linkages raises concerns about the virus's evolution, which permits undetected transmission for a long period.ConclusionMonkeypox is no longer a rare, self‐limiting disease limited to endemic countries. Its ever‐changing epidemiology and transmission dynamics have increased the possibility of its evolving into a much deadlier pathogen. Therefore, improved surveillance and detailed case and contact investigation are required to comprehend the ever‐changing epidemiology of monkeypox.
Free surface dynamics of MHD third‐grade fluid model over a heated stretching sheet with variable fluid properties
Authors: Jose T. Sherin , Patra Kiran K. , Panda Satyananda 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA thorough investigation of MHD third‐grade differential‐type fluid flow over a heated stretching sheet is performed in this work. In particular, we analyze the film thinning process, when the thermal sensitive fluid parameters vary due to the effect of heat supplied to the stretching sheet. Starting with a two‐dimensional (2D) free surface boundary value problem of non‐Newtonian third‐grade fluid, we present a systematic derivation of a 1D transient thin‐film height equation using longwave analysis with respect to the small aspect ratio of the fluid domain. The derived model is used to study the impact of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian parameters with variable fluid properties on the thin film height. The model is discretized using an upwind discretization in space and implicit time integration to guarantee first‐order convergence. The model is analyzed thoroughly with the help of numeric computing software MATLAB. The existing findings for a Newtonian fluid are in excellent agreement with derived evidence. In comparison to Newtonian fluid, the study finds that the third‐grade parameter causes thinning under different parametric restrictions. Simulations on the coupling effect explain that, the film thickness can be reduced with a high Marangoni number for highly viscous fluids. Also, since the effect of the conductivity parameter can be reduced at a low Prandtl number, the fluid shows a thinning effect. The film thinning rate, on the other hand, is reduced by the magnetic field.
European freshwater silver monitoring data do not suggest a potential European-wide risk
Authors: Arijs Katrien , Viaene Karel , Van Sprang Patrick , Nys Charlotte , Mertens Jelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
European legislations frequently focus on substances that are of potential concern to human or environmental health, such as “priority substances” under the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (“WFD”) that are identified as substances posing a significant risk to or via the aquatic environment. The EU REACH regulation also requires the assessment of the environmental risks of chemicals put on the EU market. To properly assess the potential risk of a substance, high-quality representative monitoring data should be compared with a safe threshold concentration. The objective of this article is to evaluate different publicly available freshwater monitoring data sets for silver and investigate them for a potential European-wide risk according to the methodology used by the European Commission. Most available silver monitoring data sets contain a large proportion of undetected samples with a reported concentration below the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the analytical technique, leading to considerable uncertainty in the data set. For silver, this LOQ is often at or above the safe threshold concentration, and the method used to handle undetected samples during the data processing considerably impacts the data assessment. We demonstrate that for large data sets covering many European countries (and often a wide range of LOQs), the uncertainty in the data set does not allow us to make a general conclusion about European-wide risk. However, by examining the data sets in more detail and assessing three additional country-specific monitoring data sets, we show that silver does not pose a risk to the freshwater environment in several countries. We conclude that the available data sets need careful assessment to account for the values that are below the LOQ, and that there is currently no reliable evidence indicating a European-wide risk for silver in the aquatic environment, meaning it should not be selected as priority substance under the WFD. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1110–1119. © 2022 European Precious Metals Federation. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
The impact of CEOs' early‐life experience on the financialization of non‐financial firms: Evidence from the great Chinese famine
Authors: Wang Zhongchao , Zhou Shaoni , Zhou Yuping , Yang Hao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study investigates whether CEOs' early adverse experience could explain cross‐sectional heterogeneity in the financialization of non‐financial firms. We utilize whether the CEO lived through the Great Chinese Famine as a proxy for the adverse experience. We find that non‐financial firms led by CEOs with such experience are significantly less likely to be involved in financialized activities than those led by CEOs without such experience. Experienced CEOs are prone to develop conservative preference for the short‐term financial assets over long‐term ones. The famine effect is more pronounced in enterprises with less competitive industries, less ownership of controlling shareholders, and non‐Big 4 audit firms. Furthermore, channel tests demonstrate that the famine experience reduces CEO overconfidence and lowers the agency cost of their firms, resulting in a lower financialization level.
Intrapartum deceleration and acceleration areas are associated with neonatal encephalopathy
Authors: Geva Yael , Yaniv Salem Shimrit , Geva Neta , Rotem Reut , Talmor Meital , Shema Noam , Shany Eilon , Weintraub Adi Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether an association exists between deceleration and acceleration areas on continuous fetal cardiotocography (CTG) and neonatal encephalopathy (NE).MethodsA single center, retrospective case–control study was conducted to compare CTG characteristics of low‐risk pregnancies (35 weeks of gestation or more), complicated by moderate to severe NE with two matched controls for every case. Controls were matched by gestational age and cord blood pH. We analyzed the intrapartum CTG recordings by calculation of the deceleration and acceleration areas and the ratio between the two.ResultsDuring the period between 2013 and 2019, we identified 95 cases of low‐risk pregnancies that were complicated by moderate to severe NE in our center. Thirty‐three (34.7%) deliveries were excluded, mostly because of an insufficient duration of the CTG recordings. The remaining 62 cases were matched with 123 controls. We found that NE was significantly associated with an increased total deceleration area, a decreased total acceleration area, and a lower acceleration‐to‐deceleration ratio.ConclusionsNE was significantly associated with increased total deceleration area, decreased total acceleration area, and a lower acceleration‐to‐deceleration ratio, independent of cord blood pH. Development of a computerized real‐time analysis of fetal heart rate tracings may contribute to making these measurements a more valid clinical tool.
Evolutionary conservation of amino acids contributing to the protein folding transition state
Authors: Chong Song‐Ho , Ham Sihyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe question of whether amino acids critical to protein folding kinetics are evolutionarily conserved has been investigated intensively in the past, but no consensus has yet been reached. Recently, we have demonstrated that the transition state, dictating folding kinetics, is characterized as the state of maximum dynamic cooperativity, i.e., the state of maximum correlations between amino acid contact formations. Here, we investigate the evolutionary conservation of those amino acids contributing significantly to the dynamic cooperativity. We find a strong indication of a new kind of relationship—necessary but not sufficient causality—between the evolutionary conservation and the dynamic cooperativity: larger contributions to the dynamic cooperativity arise from more conserved residues, but not vice versa. This holds for all the protein systems for which long folding simulation trajectories are available. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic demonstration of any kind of evolutionary conservation of amino acids relevant to folding kinetics.