bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the 'secret' sauce of successful Care Group implementation: realist synthesis findings on creating an enabling environment for behaviour change adaptation
Authors: Pieterse Pieternella , Walsh Aisling , Chirwa Ellen , Matthews Anne 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Despite great improvements in under-five mortality, too many young children continue to die from preventable diseases. Many deaths can be averted by promoting simple domestic behaviours such as frequent handwashing, bed-net use, timely care-seeking, and exclusive breastfeeding for six months from birth. Promoting such behaviours through existing health facility-based care providers is a challenge, as contact between health professionals and community members simply is not frequent enough. It takes time for those promoting new habits to first build trust within communities and ensure that new behaviours are accepted. This is why lay healthcare providers and community volunteers are best placed to deliver behaviour change communication. Domestic and international NGOs have been supporting the roll-out of behaviour change communication programmes, including Care Groups, for some time; using community-based groups to reach as many households as possible with peer-to-peer communication, and creating conductive environments to promote greater adoption of new behaviours. Methods: This paper presents findings from a realist synthesis of all texts pertaining to the Care Group approach, a community-based peer-to-peer support to promote behaviour change. The question “What works for whom under what circumstances, how and why?” is central to realist research, and helps to explain examples of success, partial success, and failure in, for example, international development interventions. Results: This paper identifies how Care Group implementing agencies have developed strategic approaches to create a conducive environment in which their behaviour change messages are received, improving the uptake of behaviours that can help to reduce under-5 mortality. Implementers of behaviour change interventions may rely on community-based or family decision makers to influence the cultural acceptability of certain new behaviours. NGOs were also found to work with local authorities or the private sector to improve the availability of lay healthcare providers, certain commodities (medicines, test kits, etc.), to remove barriers to uptake of promoted behaviour changes. Conclusion: These strategies employed to improve uptake and therefore the efficacy of behaviour change intervention have not been systematically documented in the Care Group literature and are likely to be relevant for future Care Group programme implementation and other behaviour change interventions.
Attributable Causes of Death Among US Veteran Patients within 30-90 days following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: La Jennifer , Li Lucy L , Doron Shira , Trottier Caitlin , Vo Austin D , Fillmore Nathanael R , Branch-Elliman Westyn , Monach Paul A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background.
Death within 30 days of a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 infection is used by some agencies in definitions of death from COVID-19. With omicron variants predominating in 2022, widespread immunity, and routine screening of asymptomatic patients in some healthcare systems, there is cause to systematically evaluate the proportion of deaths within 30 days of a positive test are COVID-19-related.
Methods.
Nationwide records in the Veterans Health Administration were used to identify all patients who died within 30 days after positive tests for SARS-CoV-2. Randomly-selected records of previously-vaccinated patients with positive tests in January-February, 2022, or June-August, 2022, underwent review for classification of death as caused by or contributed to by COVID-19, focused on death within 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine demographic and clinical variables associated with classification of death as COVID-related, which included cause or contribution.
Results.
Among vaccinated patients who died within 30 days of a positive test in January-February, 2022 (omicron BA.1 predominance), death was COVID-related in 103/150 cases (69%), as the cause in 55% and contributor in 14%. In June-August, 2022 (BA.5 predominance), death was COVID-related in 70/150 cases (47%), as the cause in 22% and contributor in 25%. Variables positively associated with COVID-related death included medications for COVID-19, hypoxemia, immune-suppressive drugs, and age, whereas advanced cancer, time since positive test, and June-August time period had negative associations.
Conclusions.
As of mid-2022, “death within 30 days” alone no longer provided an accurate estimate of deaths from COVID-19 in a US healthcare system with routine asymptomatic screening. Over time, the proportion of cases where SARS-CoV-2 was a contributor, rather than the primary cause of death, has increased.
Socio-Economic Risk Profiling of Child Nutrition Status: Evidence from the Most Populous Province of Pakistan
Authors: Munir Tahir 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Child malnutrition is considered one of the most focused areas of development, globally. The situation in developing countries, with lower literacy rate and lesser health awareness, is even more alarming and unpleasant. Pakistan - a country of 220 million population with literacy rate of 65 percent, remains a prime candidate, worth studying the diverse nature of the issue. This research focuses on the analysis of Punjab based data – the most populated province of Pakistan, sharing 50 percent of the total population of the country. Principally, this research advances the existing literature mainly on two fronts. Firstly, we study children nourishment status through ordinal scale and thus identify the more vulnerable and priority groups existent in the population. Secondly, we propose the use of WHO Infant and Young Children Feeding guidelines (IYCF) for food quality, as a determinant of child nourishment status. Also, we consider weight-for-age, as a composite anthropometric indicator to quantify the nourishment status of children of age under five years. Based on this indicator, child nourishment status is then categorized into three distinctive and hierarchical groups: severely malnourished \((<- 3.0 \text{Z}-\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{r}\text{e}\)), moderately malnourished (\(-3.0 \text{t}\text{o}-2.01 \text{Z}-\text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{r}\text{e}\)) and not malnourished (\(\ge 2.0 \text{Z} \text{s}\text{c}\text{o}\text{r}\text{e})\). The objectives are achieved by using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2017–2018 data for the Punjab province comprehending a sample of 25211 children. We observe that 7% children can be ranked as severely malnourished whereas, 14.5% children stayed in the moderately malnourished category. Moreover, bivariate analysis reveals statistically significant association between children nourishment status and, food intake diversity, mother education and health awareness, child previous health history and economic status of the household. The explanatory power of the determinants of malnourishment is assessed by employing various modeling strategies capable of entertaining diverse ordinal structures. We use proportional odds model (POM), non-proportional odds model (NPOM). Based on keen application of statistical modeling techniques, our study suggests that NPOM can be considered as a more sophisticated approach to explore the factors affecting the child malnutrition. The findings of this research imply that, government and development organizations need to focus, not only, on improvement of overall household well-being but also required to advocate the urgency for balanced food.
LEXICAL PECULIARITY OF SERBIAN DIALECTS OF SOUTHEASTERN HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Yakushkina E. I. 
Published: February 2023

This article is a part of a large study of the linguistic and geographical features of Serbian vocabulary, carried out by the author of this article on the basis of dialect questionnaire materials specially collected for this purpose in 2019-2021. In order to identify the arealogical characteristics of Serbian vocabulary and identify isoglosses passing through the territory of Serbian dialects, in conversations with dialect speakers from various regions of Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro, and in some cases personally by dialect speakers, questionnaires were filled out based on lexical questions of the Serbo-Croatian Dialect Atlas. The article describes the lexical features of the dialects of two settlements located in southeastern Herzegovina – Ljubinje and Djedići (In addition to the Herzegovina villages described in the work, material from another 20 Serbian settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, as well as several Croatian ones, is involved in the analysis.). The article highlights the following characteristics of Southeast Herzegoviаn vocabulary: 1) the preservation of Proto-Slavic archaisms, characteristic of the peripheral areas of the Central Slavic area;
2) the use of words characteristic of the west of the Central Slavic area and uncharacteristic of its eastern part; 3) the use of words characteristic of the regions near the Adriatic coast; 4) the widespread use of lexical doublets, namely the use of words with different areal characteristics in the dialect. Based on the comparison of questionnaires from Ljubinje and Djedići with questionnaires from other researched points, we can distinguish several types of areas, which include south-eastern Herzegovina. 1) the south-western area; 2) the east Herzegovian area: unity with the dialect of the village of Mosorovići; 3) the western area; 4) the peripheral (in the broad sense of the word, including the dialects west of Drina and the dialects of (south) eastern Serbia); 5) Bosnian-Slavonian 6) eastern (uniting the dialects of eastern Herzegovina, Bosnia and Serbia). Typical, however, is the case of overlapping, or interference, of the western and eastern or central and peripheral areas.
Role of water users in the conservation of forests on the southern slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro
Authors: Lyimo Emmanuel H. , Kessy Daniel , Mremi Rudolf , Kisingo Alex 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMount Kilimanjaro Forest (MKF) is recognized as a major provider of hydrological services to people in northern Tanzania. However, little is understood in terms of the roles of upstream and downstream communities in protecting and conserving MKF. This article applies binomial generalized linear models to understand the role of the community in supporting the protection and conservation of MKF based on data collected through a questionnaire survey from 90 households on the southern slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro. Results showed that 99% of respondents were aware of the value of MKF as a major provider of hydrological services, however, this did not vary significantly across age groups, gender, level of education, and location (upstream vs. downstream). Further results showed that, contrary to downstream communities, upstream communities play a significant role in supporting the ecological integrity and hydrological functions of MKF by planting and protecting tree cover, joining efforts through conservation clubs, donating cash to finance its protection, and adhering to bylaws governing environmental management. Hence, adopting an approach that integrates upstream and downstream communities in managing catchment forests and ensuring the sustainable flow of hydrological services is critical. The study also has unleashed water user behavior that have enlightened demand for more studies in the area.
Gelsolin Inhibits the Proliferation of Colon Cancer Cells by Enhancing the
Expression of TNFR2/CASP10 as a Death Receptor Pathway
Authors: Wang Zihang , Song Wuqi 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Colon cancer has the second highest incidence rate of digestive system
tumors. It relies on surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy.

Objective:
To study the mechanism of GSN in the proliferation of colon cancer cells.

Materials and Methods:
The expression of gelsolin (GSN) was analyzed with the data of colon cancer
patients in the TCGA database. SW620 cells were treated by GSN in vitro and the gene expression
was detected by immunoblotting and quantitative PCR.

Result:
The expression of GSN was found significantly low in colon cancer cells and correlated with
the prognosis of patients. The SW620 cell line cultured in vitro was treated with exogenous GSN.
SW620 can be significantly inhibited above the concentration of 250 μg/ml. The results of
immunoblotting and quantitative PCR showed that exogenous GSN can effectively improve the
transcription level of death receptor-related pathway genes such as TNFR2 and CASP10.

Conclusion:
This study found that GSN inhibited the proliferation of SW620 cells in vitro by upregulating
the expression of death receptor pathway-related proteins.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery Modulates micro-RNA Levels in Patients with
Brain Metastasis
Authors: Khan Imran , Akdur Kerime , Mahfooz Sadaf , Elbasan Elif Burce , Sakarcan Ayten , Karacam Busra , Sinclair Georges , Selek Sahabettin , Akbas Fahri , Hatiboglu Mustafa Aziz 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The relation between micro-RNA (miRNA) modulation and immune cell
activity in high-dose radiation settings is not clearly understood.

Objective:
To investigate the role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in (i) the regulation of tumorsuppressor
and oncogenic miRNAs as well as (ii) its effect on specific immune cell subsets in patients
with metastatic brain tumors (MBT).

Methods:
9 MBT patients who underwent gamma knife-based stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS)
and 8 healthy individuals were included. Serum samples were isolated at three-time intervals (before
GKRS, 1 hour, and 1-month post-GKRS). Expressions of tumor-suppressor (miR-124) and
oncogenic (miR-21, miR-181a, miR-23a, miR-125b, and miR-17) miRNAs were quantified by
qPCR. The lymphocytic frequency (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD56+, CD19+, and CD16+) was investigated
by means of flow cytometry.

Results:
The median age was 64 years (range: 50-73 years). The median prescription dose was
20Gy (range: 16Gy-24Gy), all delivered in a single fraction. The median overall survival and progression-
free survival were 7.8 months (range: 1.7-14.9 months) and 6.7 months (range: 1.1-11.5
months), respectively. Compared to healthy controls, baseline levels of oncogenic miRNAs were
significantly higher, while tumor-suppressing miRNA levels remained markedly lower in MBT
patients prior to GKRS. Following GKRS, there was a reduction in the expression of miR-21,
miR-17, and miR-181a; simultaneously, increased expression increased of miR-124 was observed.
No significant difference in immune cell subsets was noted post GKRSIn a similar fashion. We
noted no correlation between patient characteristics, radiosurgery data, miRNA expression, and
immune cell frequency.

Conclusion:
For this specific population with MBT disease, our data suggest that stereotactic radiosurgery
may modulate the expression of circulating tumor-suppressor and oncogenic miRNAs, ultimately
enhancing key anti-tumoral responses. Further evaluation with larger cohorts is warranted.
Non-coding RNAs as Biomarkers for Survival in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Andrabi Mohammad Qasim , Kesavan Yasodha , Ramalingam Satish 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high incidence and fatality rate worldwide. It ranks second
concerning death worldwide. Cancer patients are diagnosed with the disease at a later stage
due to the absence of early diagnostic methods, which leads to increased death. With the help of
recent advancements in the fields of diagnosis and therapy, the development of novel methods using
new targets could be helpful for the long-term survival of CRC patients when CRC is detected
early. However, the prognosis for the advanced stage of CRC is abysmal. New biomarkers are
emerging as promising alternatives since they can be utilized for early detection of CRC, are simple
to use, and non-invasive. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been seen to have an aberrant expression
in the development of many malignancies, including CRC. In the past two decades, much
research has been done on non-coding RNAs, which may be valuable as biomarkers and targets for
antitumor therapy. Non-coding RNAs can be employed in detecting and treating CRC. Non-coding
RNAs play an essential role in regulating gene expression. This article reviews ncRNAs and their
expression levels in CRC patients that could be used as potential biomarkers. Various ncRNAs
have been associated with CRC, such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, etc.
The expression of these non-coding RNAs may provide insights into the stages of cancer and the
prognosis of cancer patients and therefore proper precautionary measures can be taken to decrease
cancer-related deaths.
Sample Size Estimation for a Non-inferiority Pain Management Trial
Authors: Tripathi Anadya Prakash , Shanker Rama 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Measuring pain and pain relief are the primary concerns in pain management. Sample size estimation in pain management with non-inferiority (NI) study design and assessment of specific-NI margin endpoints may be challenging as pain and its improvement are measured and reported on different endpoints.

Methods:
Multiple endpoints were reported frequently to measure pain and pain improvement. The sum of pain intensity difference (SPID[0-t]) at a specific time is the recommended endpoint for the measurement of pain by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Statistical information on SPID and other endpoints reported in multiple works in the literature (preferably from placebo-controlled trials) was collected and compared to identify a suitable NI margin. A difference of 20% was considered the default NI margin for evaluation, and the sample size was calculated for each endpoint.

Results:
The sample size based on the FDA-recommended primary endpoint SPID was found to be larger. This may be a concern for overall clinical operation and the availability of patients for recruitment in time. The sample size obtained for the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) endpoint was feasible and justifiable from an operational and clinical standpoint.

Conclusion:
Evaluation and assessment of multiple endpoints before designing an NI study enable rapid decision-making on endpoint selection and increase operational efficiency.
Cerium Containing Siliceous MCM-22: Preparation, Characterization
and its Potential Application towards Oxidation of Isoeugenol to Vanillin
Authors: Sakthivel Ayyamperumal , Sahu Preeti , Narendaranth Soumya B. 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
Preparation of cerium containing silicious MCM-22 zeolite material and explore
its application for biomass conversion.

Background:
Zeolites and zeolite like microporous materials are well known as potential heterogeneous
acid catalysts, whose discovery has made a significant impact in the petroleum, petrochemical
and fine chemical industries. In recent years, zeolite, zeolites like molecular sieves,
and inorganic oxide-based heterogeneous catalysts played a significant role in biomass valorization
to receive value-added chemicals. Thus we focused on utilization of zeolite for biomass
transformation.

Objective:
Preparation of cerium containing aluminium-free siliceous MCM-22 (AF-CeMCM-
22) by the in-situ hydrothermal method and explore its importance on biomass transformation.

Methods:
Powder XRD, FTIR and BET surface area were used to study the microstructure of the
samples. SEM and FE-SEM were used to study morphology, TGA was used to evaluate the
thermal stability, and 29Si NMR and DR-UV-Vis were used to study the environment of the
MCM-22 framework. The prepared and confirmed material was used for the oxidation of levulinic
acid over the liquid phase setup. Gas chromatography was used to evaluate the catalytic
study, such as conversion and selectivity; also, GCMS was used for the confirmation of products.

Results:
The powder XRD pattern showed well distinguish MCM-22 framework structure with a
uniform dispersion of cerium ions in the MCM-22 framework. SEM image of the cerium AFCeMCM-
22 showed platelet structure having flaky spherical morphology and the surface area in
the range of about 175 m2g−1. 29Si NMR and DR-UV-Vis studies confirmed the well-condensed
nature of the MCM-22 silica framework and the cerium ions present in both tetrahedral and octahedral
extra-framework environments.

Conclusion:
The catalyst developed in the present studies was found to be a promising catalyst
for the conversion of iso-eugenol to vanillin at 60°C, using H2O2 oxidant with the vanillin selectivity
of 71 %.
Analisis Erosi dan Arahan Konservasi Lahan pada DAS Gembong Kabupaten Pasuruan Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis
Authors: Imani Reyhan Satya , Andawayanti Ussy , Suhartanto Ery 
Published: February 2023

Daerah Aliran Sungai Gembong sering terjadi bencana banjir terutama bagian hilir serta perubahan tata guna lahan yang menyebabkan terjadinya erosi dan sedimentasi. Dari permasalahan tersebut perlu dilakukan penanganan untuk mereduksi permasalahan di DAS Gembong dengan melakukan usaha konservasi berupa perencanaan Checkdam. Dalam menentukan nilai erosi dan sedimentasi menggunakan model ArcSWAT. Model ini memerlukan 4 tahap yaitu delineasi DAS, pengelolaan Hydrology Response Unit (HRU), memasukkan data kedalam database, kemudian melakukan simulasi. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan nilai rerata erosi 14,19 ton/ha/tahun, rerata sedimentasi 5,97 ton/ha/tahun, dan rerata volume sedimen sebesar 771,5 m3. Hasil analisa Indeks Bahaya Erosi (IBE) kondisi eksisting didapat 2 kriteria yaitu rendah seluas 1166,62 ha dan sedang seluas 2019,78 ha. Hasil dari perencanaan Checkdam yang telah disesuaikan dengan tingkat kemampuan lahan DAS Gembong menunjukkan penurunan volume sedimen sebesar 65,72 %. Setelah dilakukan perencanaan Checkdam untuk hasil Indeks Bahaya Erosi kondisi skenario didapat 2 kriteria dengan perbedaan luas yaitu rendah bertambah luasan menjadi 3128,09 ha dan penurunan luas pada kondisi sedang menjadi 58,31 ha.
Gembong watershed is often flooded especially downstream and changes land use that cause erosion and sedimentation. From those problems to reduce problem in Gembong watershed, need conservation especially Checkdam construction. In determining the value of erosion and sedimentation using ArcSWAT model. This model need 4 process, the first is watershed delineation, management of the Hydology Response Unit (HRU), input data to database, then running simulations.The result from simulation, average erosion value is 14,19 tons/ha/year, average sedimentation is 5,97 tons/a/year, and average sediment volume is 771,5 m3. The analysis result of the Erosion Hazard Index (EHI) have 2 criteria, low level of 116,62 ha area and medium level of 2019,78 ha area. The result of Checkdam design that was adjusted to the land capacity Gembong watershed showed a reduce in sediment volume of 65,72 %. For the crireria of the Erosion Hazard Index in low level conditions increased to 3128,09 ha area and the medium level condition decreased to 58,31 ha area.