bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Various Organic Amendments on Growth and Yield Attributes of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Kumari Smita , Kumar Rajneesh , Chouhan Shambhu , Chaudhary Pravin L. 
Published: May 2023

A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2022 to study the influence of various organic amendments on various attributes of growth and yield of mung bean. The experiment was laid out in four replications with 11 treatments in Randomized Block design (RBD). The results revealed that the highest plant height (52.8 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (35.3), number of branches plant-1 (11.1), chlorophyll content using SPAD (58.4), leaf area index (1.85) was recorded from the combined application of T11= Recommended dose of fertilizers(RDF) + Vermicompost + Jeevamrutam + Rhizobium. Similarly for yield attributes the highest number of pods plant-1 (31.35), pod’s length (11.05 cm), number of grains pods-1 (12.2), test weight (45.7 g) , grain yield (1242.5 kg ha-1), straw yield (2181.1 kg ha-1), biological yield (3405.3 kg ha-1) and harvest index (36%) was recorded in combined application of same treatment T11. The result showed that combined application of organic manures had positive effects on growth and yield parameters of mung bean.
Effect of Different Spacing and Varieties on Growth, Quality and Yield in Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Kishor Braj , Meena M. L. , Nirankar  , Verma Subhash , Goyal Ankit Kumar , Kumar Shani , Yadav K. S. 
Published: May 2023

The present experiment was conducted at the field of Horticulture Research Farm, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) during rabi season of 2019-2020. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (FRBCD) and treatments comprised of three varieties i.e. V1 (Agrifound Light Red), V2 (NHRDF-Red), V3 (NHRDF-2) and three planting spacing S1 (20×7.5cm), S2 (20×10cm) and S3 (20×15 cm). The parameters were observed viz. plant height (cm), number of leaves /plants, neck thickness (cm), bulb diameter (cm), Number of scales, bulb length (cm). TSS (ᵒbrix), ascorbic acid (mg/100gm ), total sugar (%), reducing sugar (%), non- reducing sugar (%), acidity (%) yield per plot (kg) and yield per hectare (q).The results of this study revealed that the combination application of variety (Agrifound Light Red ( V1) with spacing 20X 15 cm ( S3) was best under Lucknow conditions and lowest values were noted in of variety Agrifound Light Red ( V1) with spacing 20X 7.5 cm (S1).
Molecular Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Gene in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella Species in Jos North Central of Nigeria
Authors: Ashien Uju Uchenna , Ayanbimpe Grace 
Published: May 2023

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella species, prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) and the gene coding ESBL production in Klebsiella Species obtained from clinical specimens of patients attending Plateau State Specialist and Jos University Teaching Hospitals both in Jos North Central of Nigeria.
Study Design: This was hospital based study conducted in the Department of Medical Microbiology unit of Plateau State Specialist and Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) during the periods of January to April 2020.
Methodology: Out of 156 non-motile, oxidase negative gram negative organisms collected, 137 isolates were identified to be Klebsiella species using oxoid Microbact 24E kit for Enterobacteriaceae identification and Microsoft for bacteria identification. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) and ESBL screening was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using oxoid Single disk antibiotics which include Ceftazidime (30µg), Cefotaxime (30µg), Imipenem (10µg), Ciprofloxacin (5µg), Gentamicin (10µg), Ampicillin (10 µg), Aztreonam (30 µg), and Azithromycin (15 µg) on Mueller Hinton Agar (oxoid).Break point was determined by CLSI AST guidelines. The isolates that showed resistance or reduced susceptibility to Ceftazidime and Cefotaxime are suspected to be ESBL positive Klebsiella. Phenotypic confirmation of ESBL positive isolates was carried out using Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) with Ceftazidime 30µg (oxoid), Cefotaxime 30µg (oxoid) and Amoxicillin Clavulanic acid 20/10ug (Oxoid).Genotypic detection of ESBL gene was done using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Results: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test showed Imipenem to be highly sensitive to ESBL positive Klebsiella pneumonia with 100% sensitivity. Gentamicin, Ampicillin, and Azithromycin showed reduced susceptibility. Genotypic results showed presence of bla TEM, bla SHV genes at 868bp and 972bp band size with no occurrence of bla CTX-M gene. There was multiple occurrence of gene in some of the isolates tested while some recorded no ESBL gene. The ESBL prevalence of 15.3% was recorded in this study.
Conclusions: The prevalence of 15.3% recorded in this study is low compared to other studies from some other states within the country. Efforts should be put in place to ensure non-proliferation of this ESBL Klebsiella strain as it creates not only a therapeutic challenge but health problem.
Pretreatment Predictors Associated with Improvement in Hepatitis C Virus Related Decompensated Cirrhosis after Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy
Authors: Shady Ebtesam , Kassem Gamal , Akl Mohammed , Farouk Gihan , Soliman Samah 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim: The availability of hepatitis C virus (HCV) direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has led to a paradigm change in the care of HCV related decompensated cirrhosis. Achieving a stained virologic response (SVR) is associated with considerable improvements in both Child-Turcotte- Pugh (CTP) and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores in decompensated cirrhosis. We aimed to evaluate the pretreatment predictors associated with improvement in CTP B cirrhosis after DAAs and evaluate the efficacy and safety of DAAs in these patients.
Patients and Methods: A prospective study conducted on 213 decompensated patients (CTP B, 134 received DAAs for 24 weeks and 79 for 12 weeks). Clinical and laboratory data obtained at baseline, during treatment, 12 weeks after end of treatment (EOT), 36 weeks after treatment start, and 24 weeks after SVR.
Results: We had 48.4 % and 55.9 % had improved to CTP A at 36 weeks of treatment start and 24 weeks after SVR respectively. A high baseline BE3A score (which includes Body mass index (BMI), Encephalopathy, Ascites, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Albumin) was the significant predictor of attaining CTP A at 36 weeks of treatment start, while high baseline ALT (> 60 IU/L) was the significant predictor of attaining CTP A at 24 weeks after SVR. SVR 12 achieved in 97.3% and DAAs were safe with mild tolerable adverse events.
Conclusion: High baseline ALT and BE3A score were the significant predictors of hepatic improvement from CTP B to CTP A after DAAs. HCV DAAs were safe and effective with high SVR rates (97.3%) in decompensated cirrhosis.
Event-based Lateral Security Control for Network Autonomous Driving System Subject to Double-Quantized Scheme
Authors: Jiang Wenke , Luo Mengzhuo 
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates the event-based lateral security control problem for network autonomous driving system subject to the ideal path tracking performance, in which a novel double-quantized structure is reasonably integrated into a unified autonomous vehicle model. Firstly, a generalized tripled cyber-attack protocol, including deception attacks, DoS attacks and replay attacks is taken into consideration in this paper to simulate the interference of the external environment. Secondly, in order to improve the data transmission efficiency and relieve the effects of cyber-attacks, asynchronous even-triggered scheme (AETS) and doubled-quantized-based control protocol are introduced simultaneously. Additionally, with the help of elegant linearization technique, which not only makes the augmented closed-loop systems global exponential stability can be achieved, but also the desired output feedback controller gains and triggering parameter matrices are co-designed to ensure the H\(\infty\) performance for the autonomous driving system. Finally, a practical example is given to verify the effectiveness of designed mentality.
Metal–Organic Framework Mediated Radio‐Enhancement Assessed in High‐Throughput‐Compatible 3D Tumor Spheroid Co‐Cultures
Authors: Neuer Anna Lena , Vogel Alexandra , Gogos Alexander , Kissling Vera M. , Tsolaki Elena , Herrmann Inge K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInorganic nanomaterials have gained increasing attention in radiation oncology, owing to their radiation therapy enhancing properties. To accelerate candidate material selection and overcome the disconnect between conventional 2D cell culture and in vivo findings, screening platforms unifying high‐throughput with physiologically relevant endpoint analysis based on 3D in vitro models are promising. Here, a 3D tumor spheroid co‐culture model based on cancerous and healthy human cells is presented for the concurrent assessment of radio‐enhancement efficacy, toxicity, and intratissural biodistribution with full ultrastructural context of radioenhancer candidate materials. Its potential for rapid candidate materials screening is showcased based on the example of nano‐sized metal–organic frameworks (nMOFs) and direct benchmarking against gold nanoparticles (the current “gold standard”). Dose enhancement factors (DEFs) ranging between 1.4 and 1.8 are measured for Hf‐, Ti‐, TiZr‐, and Au‐based materials in 3D tissues and are overall lower than in 2D cell cultures, where DEF values exceeding 2 are found. In summary, the presented co‐cultured tumor spheroid—healthy fibroblast model with tissue‐like characteristics may serve as high‐throughput platform enabling rapid, cell line‐specific endpoint analysis for therapeutic efficacy and toxicity assessment, as well as accelerated radio‐enhancer candidate screening.
High‐Resolution, Multiplex Antibody Patterning using Micropillar‐Focused Droplet Printing, and Microcontact Printing
Authors: Jin Meichi , Wu Kai , Wang Mengzhen , Zhang Yang , Yang Chengbin , Li Zida 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAntibody arrays have great implications in many biomedical settings. However, commonly used patterning methods have difficulties in generating antibody arrays with both high resolution and multiplexity, limiting their applications. Here, a convenient and versatile technique for the patterning of multiple antibodies with resolution down to 20 µm is reported using micropillar‐focused droplet printing and microcontact printing. Droplets of antibody solutions are first printed and stably confined on the micropillars of a stamp, and then the antibodies absorbed on the micropillars are contact‐printed to the target substrate, generating antibody patterns faithfully replicating the micropillar array. The effect of different parameters on the patterning results is investigated, including hydrophobicity of the stamps, override time of the droplet printing, incubation time, and the diameters of the capillary tips and micropillars. To demonstrate the utility of the method, multiplex arrays of anti‐EpCAM and anti‐CD68 antibodies is generated to capture breast cancer cells and macrophages, respectively, on the same substrate, and successful capturing of individual cell types and enrichment among the cells are achieved. It is envision that this method would serve as a versatile and useful protein patterning tool for biomedical applications.
Integration of an Axially Continuous Graphene with Functional Metals for High‐Temperature Electrical Conductors
Authors: Kashani Hamzeh , Choi Won June , Kim Chunghwan , Berlia Rohit , Rajagopalan Jagannathan , Kang Wonmo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDemands for effective high‐temperature electrical conductors continue to increase with the rapid adoption of electric vehicles. However, the use of conventional copper‐based conductors is limited to relatively low temperatures due to their poor oxidation resistance and microstructural instability. Here, a highly conductive and thermally stable nickel‐graphene‐copper (NiGCu) wire that combines the advantages of graphene and its metallic components is developed. The NiGCu wire consists of a conductive copper core, an oxidation‐resistant nickel shell, and axially continuous graphene embedded between them. The experiments on 10–80 µm diameter NiGCu wires demonstrate substantial enhancements in electrical properties and thermal stability across a variety of metrics. For instance, the smallest NiGCu wires have a 61.2% higher current density limit, 307.6% higher conductivity, and an order of magnitude smaller change in resistivity compared to conventional Ni‐coated Cu counterparts after annealing at 650 °C. By performing both innovative experiments and simulations using different sizes of NiGCu wires, the diffusion coefficients of metals are quantified, for the first time to the best knowledge, through continuous graphene. These results indicate that the dramatic improvement in thermo‐electrical properties is enabled by the embedded graphene layer which reduces NiCu interdiffusion by ≈104 times at 550 °C and 650 °C.
Thermal and Photo‐Degradation Study of α‐FAPbI3‐Based Perovskite Using In Situ X‐Ray Diffraction
Authors: Ruellou Julie , Courty Matthieu , Sauvage Frédéric 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHybrid halide perovskite has established its credibility as high performance thin film photovoltaic technology. Perovskite based on formamidinium cation is at the core composition to top performances and stability. Herein, a depth study based on temperature‐controlled in situ X‐ray diffraction focusing on the photo‐active formamidinium lead iodide (α‐FAPbI3) is reported. In particular, the thermal stability of the latter and the degradation pathways under different experimental conditions are clarified. Based on this in situ technique, the lattice thermal expansion coefficient is reported that provides relevant information on possible mechanical stress created upon temperature cycling or damp heat test. The results support that α‐FAPbI3 degradation is substantially accelerated when temperature is combined to illumination and when it is interfaced with the extraction layers. In addition, by contrast to in darkness for which α‐FAPbI3 degrades directly into PbI2, the existence of a temperature gap under illumination involving an intermediate step with a non‐crystalline phase resulting from the perovskite degradation and contributing to the formation of PbI2 by‐product is revealed.
Doped/Undoped A1‐A2 Typed Copolymers as ETLs for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Lisi , Shen Shuaishuai , Chen Xiang , Wei Huan , Xia Dongdong , Zhao Chaowei , Zhang Ningfang , Hu Yuanyuan , Li Weiwei , Xin Hao , Song Jinsheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe electron transport layer (ETL) is a critical component in achieving high device performance and stability in organic solar cells. Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) have become an attractive alternative due to film‐forming properties and ease of preparation. However, p‐type CPEs generally exhibit poor charge mobility and conductivity, incorporation of electron‐withdrawing units forming alternated D‐A conjugated backbone can make up for these deficiencies. Herein, the ratio of electron withdrawing moieties are further increased and two poly(A1‐alt‐A2) typed PIIDNDI‐Br and PDPPNDI‐Br based on the combination of naphthalene diimide (NDI) with isoindigo (IID) or diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) via direct arylation polycondensation are synthesized. These CPEs possess excellent alcohol solubility, a suitable lowest unocuppied molecular orbital energy level, and work function tunability. Surprisingly, the incorporation of IID and DPP units generate distinct self‐doping behaviors, which are confirmed by UV–vis absorption and ESR spectra. However, no matter doped or undoped, both CPEs present better charge‐transporting properties and conductivity when utilized as ETLs. The PIIDNDI‐Br and PDPPNDI‐Br display good universal compatibility with the blend of PM6:Y6 and PM6:L8‐BO, and PCEs of 18.32% and 18.36% are obtained, respectively, which also present excellent storage stability. In short, the combination of two different acceptors demonstrates an efficient strategy to design highly efficient ETLs for high performance photovoltaic devices.
Oxidative Stimuli‐Responsive “Pollen‐Like” Exosomes from Silver Nanoflowers Remodeling Diabetic Wound Microenvironment for Accelerating Wound Healing
Authors: Chen Yahong , Younis Muhammad Rizwan , He Gang , Zheng Zhiwei , Wang Yun , Xue Ke , Sun Jian , Liu Kai , Huang Peng , Wang Xiansong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe hostile oxidative wound microenvironment, defective angiogenesis, and uncontrolled release of therapeutic factors are major challenges in improving the diabetic wound healing. Herein, adipose‐derived‐stem‐cell‐derived exosomes (Exos) are first loaded into Ag@bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoflowers (Exos–Ag@BSA NFs) to form a protective “pollen‐flower” delivery structure, which are further encapsulated into the injectable collagen (Col) hydrogel (Exos–Ag@BSA NFs/Col) for concurrent remodeling of the oxidative wound microenvironment and precise release of Exos. The Exos–Ag@BSA NFs can selectively dissociate in an oxidative wound microenvironment, which triggers sustained release of Ag ions (Ag+) and cascades controllable release of “pollen‐like” Exos at the target site, thus protecting Exos from oxidative denaturation. Such a wound‐microenvironment‐activated release property of Ag+ and Exos effectively eliminates bacteria and promotes the apoptosis of impaired oxidative cells, resulting in improved regenerative microenvironment. Additionally, Exos–Ag@BSA NFs/Col markedly accelerates wound healing and regeneration in vivo in a diabetic murine silicone‐splinted excisional wound model by promoting blood perfusion, tissue granulation, collagen deposition, neovascularization, angiogenesis, and re‐epithelization. It is anticipated that this work will inspire the development of more delicate and disease‐specific therapeutic systems for clinical wound management.
Out‐of‐Plane Electronics on Flexible Substrates Using Inorganic Nanowires Grown on High‐Aspect‐Ratio Printed Gold Micropillars
Authors: Ma Sihang , Dahiya Abhishek Singh , Dahiya Ravinder 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOut‐of‐plane or 3D electronics on flexible substrates are an interesting direction that can enable novel solutions such as efficient bioelectricity generation and artificial retina. However, the development of devices with such architectures is limited by the lack of suitable fabrication techniques. Additive manufacturing (AM) can but often fail to provide high‐resolution, sub‐micrometer 3D architectures. Herein, the optimization of a drop‐on‐demand (DoD), high‐resolution electrohydrodynamic (EHD)‐based jet printing method for generating 3D gold (Au) micropillars is reported. Libraries of Au micropillar electrode arrays (MEAs) reaching a maximum height of 196 µm and a maximum aspect ratio of 52 are printed. Further, by combining AM with the hydrothermal growth method, a seedless synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) on the printed Au MEAs is demonstrated. The developed hybrid approach leads to hierarchical light‐sensitive NW‐connected networks exhibiting favorable ultraviolet (UV) sensing as demonstrated via fabricating flexible photodetectors (PDs). The 3D PDs exhibit an excellent omnidirectional light‐absorption ability and thus, maintain high photocurrents over wide light incidence angles (±90°). Lastly, the PDs are tested under both concave and convex bending at 40 mm, showing excellent mechanical flexibility.
Macrocyclic Engineering of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters for High‐Efficiency Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Fu Yu , Ye Zecong , Liu Denghui , Mu Yingxiao , Xiao Jingping , Hu Dehua , Ji Shaomin , Huo Yanping , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeveral thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have been studied and developed to realize high‐performance organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, TADF macrocycles have not been sufficiently investigated owing to the synthetic challenges, resulting in limited exploration of their luminescent properties and the corresponding highly efficient OLEDs. In this study, a series of TADF macrocycles is synthesized using a modularly tunable strategy by introducing xanthones as acceptors and phenylamine derivatives as donors. A detailed analysis of their photophysical properties combined with fragment molecules reveals characteristics of high‐performance macrocycles. The results indicate that: a) the ideal structure decreases the energy loss, which in turn reduces the non‐radiative transitions; b) reasonable building blocks increase the oscillator strength providing a higher radiation transition rate; c) the horizontal dipole orientation (Θ) of the extended macrocyclic emitters is increased. Owing to the high photoluminescence quantum yields of ≈100% and 92% and excellent Θ of 80 and 79% for macrocycles MC‐X and MC‐XT in 5 wt% doped films, the corresponding devices exhibit record‐high external quantum efficiencies of 31.6% and 26.9%, respectively, in the field of TADF macrocycles.
Strain‐Driven Negative Resistance Switching of Conductive Fibers with Adjustable Sensitivity for Wearable Healthcare Monitoring Systems with Near‐Zero Standby Power
Authors: Min Won Kyung , Won Chihyeong , Kim Dong Hyun , Lee Sanghyeon , Chung Jusung , Cho Sungjoon , Lee Taeyoon , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently, one of the primary concerns in e‐textile‐based healthcare monitoring systems for chronic illness patients has been reducing wasted power consumption, as the system should be always‐on to capture diverse biochemical and physiological characteristics. However, the general conductive fibers, a major component of the existing wearable monitoring systems, have a positive gauge‐factor (GF) that increases electrical resistance when stretched, so that the systems have no choice but to consume power continuously. Herein, a twisted conductive‐fiber‐based negatively responsive switch‐type (NRS) strain‐sensor with an extremely high negative GF (resistance change ratio ≈ 3.9 × 108) that can significantly increase its conductivity from insulating to conducting properties is developed. To this end, a precision cracking technology is devised, which could induce a difference in the Young's modulus of the encapsulated layer on the fiber through selective ultraviolet‐irradiation treatment. Owing to this technology, the NRS strain‐sensors can allow for effective regulation of the mutual contact resistance under tensile strain while maintaining superior durability for over 5000 stretching cycles. For further practical demonstrations, three healthcare monitoring systems (E‐fitness pants, smart‐masks, and posture correction T‐shirts) with near‐zero standby power are also developed, which opens up advancements in electronic textiles by expanding the utilization range of fiber strain‐sensors.