bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience with the US health care system for Black and White patients with advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Rencsok Emily M. , Stopsack Konrad H. , Slopen Natalie , Odedina Folakemi T. , Ragin Camille , Nowak Joel , McSwain Lawrence , Manarite Jan , Heath Elisabeth , George Daniel J. , Kantoff Philip W. , Vinson Jacob , Villanti Paul , Haneuse Sebastien , Mucci Lorelei A. ,   the IRONMAN Registry
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess differences in reported information about treatment, integration into care, and respect by self‐identified Black and White individuals with advanced prostate cancer in the United States.Patients and MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study of 701 participants (20% identifying as Black) enrolled in the International Registry for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer at 37 US sites from 2017 to 2022. Participants were asked six questions from the Cancer Australia National Cancer Control Indicators about their experience with care at study enrollment. Prevalence differences by self‐reported race were estimated using marginal standardization of logistic‐normal mixed effects models (adjusted for age at enrollment and disease state at enrollment), and 95% CIs were estimated using parametric bootstrapping.ResultsMost participants reported a high quality of care for each question. Black participants generally reported higher care quality compared with White participants. Black participants reported more frequently that they were offered a written assessment and care plan (71%) compared with White participants (58%; adjusted difference, 13 percentage points; 95% CI, 4–23). Black participants also reported more frequently being given the name of nonphysician personnel who would support them (64%) than White participants (52%; adjusted difference, 10; 95% CI, 1–20). Prevalence differences did not differ by disease state at enrollment.ConclusionsBlack participants generally reported a higher quality of care compared with White participants. This study calls attention to the need to study potential mediating factors and interpersonal aspects of care in this population to improve survivorship.
Mesh‐free high‐resolution simulation of cerebrocortical oxygen supply with fast Fourier preconditioning
Authors: Ventimiglia Thomas , Linninger Andreas A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOxygen transfer from blood vessels to cortical brain tissue is representative of a class of problems with mixed‐domain character. Large‐scale efficient computation of tissue oxygen concentration is dependent on the manner in which the tubular network of blood vessels is coupled to the tissue mesh. Models which explicitly resolve the interface between the tissue and vasculature with a contiguous mesh are prohibitively expensive for very dense cerebral microvasculature. We propose a mixed‐domain mesh‐free technique whereby a vascular anatomical network (VAN) represented as a thin directed graph serves for convection of blood oxygen, and the surrounding extravascular tissue is represented as a Cartesian grid of 3D voxels throughout which oxygen is transported by diffusion. We split the network and tissue meshes by the Schur complement method of domain decomposition to obtain a reduced set of system equations for the tissue oxygen concentration at steady state. The use of a Cartesian grid allows the corresponding matrix equation to be solved approximately with a fast Fourier transform‐based Poisson solver, which serves as an effective preconditioner for Krylov subspace iteration. The performance of this method enables the steady‐state simulation of cortical oxygen perfusion for anatomically accurate vascular networks down to single micron resolution without the need for supercomputers.
Simultaneous Multisite Extracellular Electrophysiological Recordings During Electrical Stimulation in Anesthetized Rats
Authors: Lin Muxin , Wang Ying , Ping Yong , Chen Fujun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnalyzing neuronal activities is essential to deciphering the function of neural circuits. In anesthetized rodents, simultaneous multisite recording of extracellular electrophysiological activity with defined electrical stimulation is a powerful tool to dissect reciprocal relationships between brain structures. Here, we present a protocol to simultaneously record from the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulata while stimulating the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in anesthetized rats. This protocol describes the preparation of recording and stimulating electrodes, surgery setup, and detailed recording techniques. Basic post‐recording data analysis methods are included as well. This protocol can be adapted to other brain areas of interest following the outlined procedures. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Assembly of recording and stimulating electrodesBasic Protocol 2: Implantation of recording and stimulating electrodes in an anesthetized ratBasic Protocol 3: Simultaneous recording from the STN and SNr with PPTg stimulationBasic Protocol 4: Histological verification of recording sitesBasic Protocol 5: Analysis of electrophysiological data
Effect of pH on Structure, Optical, and Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Kumari Pillalamarri Anita , Devi Damala Madhuri , Kumar Nune Satya Vijaya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBarium titanate (BTA) nanoparticles are prepared by low‐temperature hydrothermal technique with varying pH from 9 to 12. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirm that the BTA nanoparticles with pH ranging from 9 to 11 show the existence of few small secondary phases (*) related to tetragonal structure along with the prominent cubic phases. But for sample with pH = 12, the XRD patterns confirm the presence of cubic phases without secondary phases. The morphology evidences the existence of almost spherical‐shaped grains (field‐emission scanning electron microscopy), and nanoparticles (high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy) in case of all samples. The energy dispersive spectra confirm the presence of Ba, Ti, and O elements among all samples. Besides, the photocatalytic activity is noticed for all samples. Using the Tauc's plots, optical band gap is determined. The dielectric constant (at pH = 12) is ≈15.10 while the dielectric loss is ≈1.231 suggesting the sample is suitable for charge stored capacitor applications. The dielectric modulus and impedance spectra are recorded in order to evaluate the polarization and conduction mechanism.
Fast power density aware three‐dimensional integrated circuit floorplanning for hard macroblocks using best operator combination genetic algorithm
Authors: Meitei Naorem Yaipharenba , Baishnab Krishna Lal , Trivedi Gaurav 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, we propose a fast three‐dimensional integrated circuit (3D‐IC) floorplanning method for hard macroblocks that includes a thermal management scheme. It applies a genetic algorithm constituted by an optimal combination of crossover and mutation operations to identify the optimal solution for design variables, namely, total wire length, number of through‐silicon vias (TSVs), and maximum average layer power density. The proposed method additionally makes use of a unique TSV placement scheme that arranges TSVs next to their respective functional blocks. To enable efficient heat transmission to the ambient environment, layers with higher power densities are placed closer to the heat sink. The proposed 3D‐IC floorplanning approach provides the fewest TSVs, the lowest peak temperature, and promising values of wire length within the least amount of computation time. Compared to the recent fast thermal analysis for fixed‐outline 3D‐floorplanning, it generates 13.14% shorter wire length, 39.27% lower peak temperature, and 34.35% lesser number of TSVs on average with significant improvement in computation time, while analyzing GSRC thermal benchmark circuits.
Who is reporting non‐native species and how? A cross‐expert assessment of practices and drivers of non‐native biodiversity reporting in species regional listing
Authors: Castro Andry , Ribeiro Joana , Reino Luís , Capinha César 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEach year, hundreds of scientific works with species' geographical data are published. However, these data can be challenging to identify, collect, and integrate into analytical workflows due to differences in reporting structures, storage formats, and the omission or inconsistency of relevant information and terminology. These difficulties tend to be aggravated for non‐native species, given varying attitudes toward non‐native species reporting and the existence of an additional layer of invasion‐related terminology. Thus, our objective is to identify the current practices and drivers of the geographical reporting of non‐native species in the scientific literature. We conducted an online survey targeting authors of species regional checklists—a widely published source of biogeographical data—where we asked about reporting habits and perceptions regarding non‐native taxa. The responses and the relationships between response variables and predictors were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression models. With a response rate of 22.4% (n = 113), we found that nearly half of respondents (45.5%) do not always report non‐native taxa, and of those who report, many (44.7%) do not always differentiate them from native taxa. Close to half of respondents (46.4%) also view the terminology of biological invasions as an obstacle to the reporting of non‐native taxa. The ways in which checklist information is provided are varied, but mainly correspond to descriptive text and embedded tables with non‐native species (when given) mentioned alongside native species. Only 13.4% of respondents mention to always provide the data in automation‐friendly formats or its publication in biodiversity data repositories. Data on the distribution of non‐native species are essential for monitoring global biodiversity change and preventing biological invasions. Despite its importance our results show an urgent need to improve the frequency, accessibility, and consistency of publication of these data.
The interplay between vitamin C and thyroid
Authors: Farasati Far Bahareh , Behnoush Amir Hossein , Ghondaghsaz Elina , Habibi Mohammad Amin , Khalaji Amirmohammad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionVitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water‐soluble vitamin, that plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of scurvy. As vitamin C is an antioxidant and thyroid function may be affected and may affect vitamin C levels, for the first time, we aimed to provide a detailed review of all human studies evaluating the different roles of vitamin C in the thyroid gland. Thyroid cancers, goitre, Graves' disease and other causes of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were the conditions discussed in this study. Furthermore, vitamin C addition to other medications such as levothyroxine was also reviewed.MethodsIn this study, we reviewed the relevant literature regarding the association between vitamin C and thyroid diseases using original studies from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science.ResultsIn this review, we found anti‐cancer effects for intravenous (IV) administration of vitamin C in addition to the beneficial effects of using it in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. As autoimmune diseases affect some antioxidant markers, some studies reported a significant difference in blood vitamin C levels in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Graves' disease. Despite many studies evaluating the effects of IV administration of vitamin C in mentioned diseases, there is a lack of evidence for oral consumption of vitamin C.ConclusionsTo conclude, there is a lack of evidence, especially clinical trials, for the therapeutic effects of vitamin C on thyroid diseases; however, promising results were reported in some studies in the literature.
Safety, tolerability and efficacy of up‐titration of guideline‐directed medical therapies for acute heart failure in elderly patients: A sub‐analysis of the STRONG‐HF randomized clinical trial
Authors: Arrigo Mattia , Biegus Jan , Asakage Ayu , Mebazaa Alexandre , Davison Beth , Edwards Christopher , Adamo Marianna , Barros Marianela , Celutkiene Jelena , Čerlinskaitė‐Bajorė Kamilė , Chioncel Ovidiu , Damasceno Albertino , Diaz Rafael , Filippatos Gerasimos , Gayat Etienne , Kimmoun Antoine , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Metra Marco , Novosadova Maria , Pagnesi Matteo , Pang Peter S. , Ponikowski Piotr , Saidu Hadiza , Sliwa Karen , Takagi Koji , Ter Maaten Jozine M. , Tomasoni Daniela , Voors Adriaan A. , Cotter Gad , Cohen‐Solal Alain 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsSTRONG‐HF examined a high‐intensity care (HIC) strategy of rapid up‐titration of guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) and close follow‐up after acute heart failure (AHF) admission. We assess the role of age on efficacy and safety of HIC.Methods and resultsHospitalized AHF patients, not treated with optimal GDMT were randomized to HIC or usual care. The primary endpoint of 180‐day death or HF readmission occurred equally in older (>65 years, n = 493, 74 ± 5 years) and younger patients (53 ± 11 years, adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73–1.43, p = 0.89). Older patients received slightly lower GDMT to day 21, but same doses at day 90 and 180. The effect of HIC on the primary endpoint was numerically higher in younger (aHR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82) than older patients (aHR 0.73, 95% CI 0.46–1.15, adjusted interaction p = 0.30), partially related to COVID‐19 deaths. After exclusion of COVID‐19 deaths, the effect of HIC was similar in younger (aHR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32–0.82) and older patients (aHR 0.63, 95% CI 0.32–1.02, adjusted interaction p = 0.56), with no treatment‐by‐age interaction (interaction p = 0.57). HIC induced larger improvements in quality of life to day 90 in younger (EQ‐VAS adjusted‐mean difference 5.51, 95% CI 3.20–7.82) than in older patients (1.77, 95% CI −0.75 to 4.29, interaction p = 0.032). HIC was associated with similar rates of adverse events in older and younger patients.ConclusionHigh‐intensity care after AHF was safe and resulted in a significant reduction of all‐cause death or HF readmission at 180 days across the study age spectrum. Older patients have smaller benefits in terms of quality of life.
Synthesis of 3‐Arylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones under Visible‐Light Irradiation with Oxygen‐Doped Carbon Nitride as Heterogenous Photocatalyst
Authors: Gao Huanjie , Zhang Ying , Liang Zeyao , Zhang Wenjie , Xu Qingyu , Zhu Li , Yao Xiaoquan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel oxygen‐doped graphitic carbon nitride (OCN) material was designed and synthesized via the hydrothermal‐calcination method with melamine and hydroperoxide as starting materials. The OCN material was utilized as a highly efficient solid metal‐free photocatalyst for the synthesis of 3‐arylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones via the catalytic decomposition of aryl diazonium salts under blue light irradiation. Following this approach, various 3‐arylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one derivatives could be obtained in moderate to excellent yields with broad substrate scope under mild conditions. Also, the OCN solid photocatalyst shows good recyclability in the reaction, there was no appreciable loss in yields observed even after 5 cycles. This methodology offers a practical, mild, and metal‐free alternative to the preparation of 3‐arylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones.
In‐situ leakage diagnosis of urban water supply network by fire hydrants and EPANET simulation
Authors: Chen Ying‐Chu , Chen Li‐Shiuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA method of in‐situ leakage diagnosis of a water supply network using fire hydrant water flow measurements and simulation by EPANET software was established. A network with 1032 m of water distribution pipes and 350 user‐side water meters in Taipei was separated into five zones. The lowest volume of daily water flow occurred between 1:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m., with values ranging from 0.004 to 0.785 m3/min; these data can be regarded as a minimum value of water leakage in the network at midnight. The volume of water leakage was strongly correlated with observed pressure transients, enabling the measurement of the water leakage in the network, which ranged from 5.76 to 628 m3/d. The total water leakage simulated by EPANET was 1.48 m3/d in the network. Although this value deviated by 23% from the District Metered Area (DMA) results, both EPANET and DMA tools confirmed that zones 4 and 5 had severe water leakage problems. Simplifying valves and combining neighboring pipes of the same diameter during the EPANET simulation was efficiently tackle water leakage. EPANET allows for quick diagnosis of the water leakage areas, whereas the DMA tool allows for precise measurements of water volume and pressure. The costs of in‐situ diagnosis and EPANET simulation include instruments, labor, and time, and are estimated to be lower than those of the DMA tool. Furthermore, the methodology of this study can reduce the risks of underground working disasters.
Between hierarchies and markets: How street‐level bureaucratic autonomy leads to policy innovations
Authors: Barral Stéphanie , Ghosh Ritwick 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough street‐level bureaucrats (SLBs) play a key role in the implementation of market‐based instruments (MBIs), their participation is widely understudied. This paper addresses this blind spot by engaging the concept of street‐level bureaucratic policy entrepreneurship. Using the case of conservation banking, a market‐based environmental policy in the United States, we explore why this novel instrument has only been adopted in a handful of jurisdictions. We examine both non‐adoption and adoption of conservation banking to find that SLBs are likely to engage in such entrepreneurial acts when a new policy form is particularly useful in legitimizing regulatory enforcement. Implementing a MBI is, however, not straightforward. Organizational conditions can restrain SLB autonomy to implement MBIs, preferring instead to persist with baseline policies, which further underscores the importance of SLB risk‐taking behavior. SLBs must strategically straddle their unique position between the market and the hierarchy to enroll different actors into the new policy arrangement, all within dynamic political–economic conditions.
Association of ipsilateral radiation therapy with contralateral lymph node failure in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Razavian Niema B. , Shenker Rachel F. , D'Agostino Ralph B. , Hughes Ryan T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIpsilateral neck radiotherapy (INRT) is controversial in some patients with oral cavity cancer due to concern for contralateral neck failure (CNF).MethodsA systematic review was performed and data were extracted following PRISMA guidelines. Outcomes were the rate of CNF following INRT and the rates of CNF by AJCC 7th ed. tumor and nodal staging.ResultsFifteen studies consisting of 1825 patients were identified. Among the 805 patients treated with INRT, the rate of CNF was 5.7%. Patients with T4 tumors constituted 56% of all CNF cases. The rate of CNF increased by N stage (N0: 1.2%; N1: 3.8%; N2‐N3: 17.4%) and was significantly higher for patients with N2‐N3 than N0‐N1 disease (p < 0.001).DiscussionINRT is associated with an overall low risk of CNF in well‐selected patients with N0‐N1 disease. Patients with N2‐3 and/or T4 disease should receive bilateral RT due to increased risk of CNF following INRT.
Large‐scale real‐world data analyses of cancer risks among patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Feicheng , Palmer Nathan , Fox Kathe , Liao Katherine P. , Yu Kun‐Hsing , Kou Samuel C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects 24.5 million people worldwide and has been associated with increased cancer risks. However, the extent to which the observed risks are related to the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis or its treatments is unknown. Leveraging nationwide health insurance claims data with 85.97 million enrollees across 8 years, we identified 92 864 patients without cancers at the time of rheumatoid arthritis diagnoses. We matched 68 415 of these patients with participants without rheumatoid arthritis by sex, race, age and inferred health and economic status and compared their risks of developing all cancer types. By 12 months after the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis patients were 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.14, 1.29]) times more likely to develop any cancer compared with matched enrollees without rheumatoid arthritis. In particular, the risk of developing lymphoma is 2.08 (95% CI [1.67, 2.58]) times higher in the rheumatoid arthritis group, and the risk of developing lung cancer is 1.69 (95% CI [1.32, 2.13]) times higher. We further identified the five most commonly used drugs in treating rheumatoid arthritis, and the log‐rank test showed none of them is implicated with a significantly increased cancer risk compared with rheumatoid arthritis patients without that specific drug. Our study suggested that the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis, rather than its treatments, is implicated in the development of subsequent cancers. Our method is extensible to investigating the connections among drugs, diseases and comorbidities at scale.
Potential of implementing irrigation in rainfed agriculture in Quebec: A review of climate change‐induced challenges and adaptation strategies
Authors: Nand Viveka , Qi Zhiming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLeading to growing‐season water stress, eastern Canada's evolving climate has disrupted the region's rainfed farming systems. Accordingly, this review was conducted to assess the status of irrigation, climate‐induced challenges and opportunities and the impact of adaptation strategies on economic returns and the environment in Quebec's agricultural regions. While irrigation is limited mainly to high‐value crops, controlled drainage with sub‐irrigation (CDSI) has been implemented at a limited number of field sites. Given the greater rainfall variability and rising number of growing‐season heatwave events anticipated, previous studies have mainly focused on developing climate change adaptation practices. The present study identified two research gaps: (i) a lack of analyses of drought frequency and its effect on root zone soil moisture, crop ET, crop phenology and agricultural production at a regional scale under historical and future climates and (ii) a lack of regional‐scale studies addressing climate change adaptation options, including supplementary irrigation, and their potential effects on economic return and water resources under a changing climate. Additional studies must address these gaps for the development of climate change adaptation practices to secure food demand and water sustainability.