bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and functional properties of canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.) with and without spicules flour
Authors: Rikal Luis I. , de Figueiredo Ana K. , Riccobene Isabel C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveGlabrous canaryseed flour is a novel ingridient with potential uses in the food industry. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the physicochemical and functional properties of canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.) flours of the glabrous (without spicules) CDC Togo variety (whole and white flour, T and TW, respectively) and a traditional commercial variety (CW, white flour).FindingsScanning electron microscopy of the grains showed the glabrous nature of the T variety and the spicules present in the C variety. All the flours showed a high protein content (16.16%–25.49% dry basis [d.b.]), color tending to yellowish tones, and a predominant lipophilic behavior (oil‐holding capacity > water‐holding capacity). Dehulling of the CDC Togo seeds significantly altered some of the flour's properties. Particle size decreased by 23%, and protein and oil contents were 43% and 26% higher, respectively. TW flour also had a significantly lower color saturation, water‐holding capacity, oil‐holding capacity, water‐absorption capacity, and organic molecule absorption capacity when compared to T flour.ConclusionsThe results indicate the potential use of canaryseed grains as a raw material for novel food products.Significance and NoveltyThis study presents novel data on the properties of canaryseed flour of the glabrous CDC Togo variety, about which no information has been found. As well as on canaryseed flour from a traditional (nonglabrous) variety.
Trauma informed use of the career construction interview
Authors: Stoltz Kevin B. , Hunt Andrea N. , Greenhill Clay 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe utilization of the Career Construction Interview (CCI) is advancing throughout the career counseling field. The narrative social constructivist approach assists clients in accentuating and narrating a personal career story that highlights attitudes, skills, and behaviors for their career planning and development. The CCI is recommended for use across diverse cultures and groups. However, more insight is needed into how career counselors can use the CCI to implement a trauma‐informed approach and reduce the risk of re‐traumatization. This article presents an review of trauma in career counseling, the CCI, and trauma‐specific considerations for diverse populations that present for career counseling. Next, the authors present questions from the CCI and how trauma may affect the responses to these questions. Alternative prompts are provided that align with the original purposes of these questions and provide similar storied responses to aid the client in building a useful narrative for career development. Additionally, the authors present a brief case example implementing these alternative prompts and their effectiveness in application.
Highly Conductive Poly(Imide–Imine) Hybrid Vitrimer‐Graphene Aerogel Composites†
Authors: Ma Yunlong , Li Ruiyang , Luo Shichang , Shen Xiran , Tao Rao , Jin Yinghua , Zhang Wei , Qiu Li 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryAlthough polyimides (PIs) have shown great potential for a broad range of applications, it remains very challenging to achieve the malleability, rehealability and recyclability for PIs and their composites targeting various applications, particularly for the rapidly emerging flexible and stretchable electronics. Herein, malleable conductive poly(imide‐imine) hybrid (PIIH) vitrimer‐graphene aerogel (GA) composites have been prepared, for the first time, via simple sol‐gel film formation followed by heat‐press. The resulting PIIH‐GA composites exhibit not only the highly desired properties of thermosetting (strong mechanical strength) and thermoplastic (reprocessability) polymers, but also good conductivity enabled by the GA filler. PIIH3‐GA‐10 (with 10 wt% GA) showed one of the highest electrical conductivities (26.7 S/m) for PI‐based composites, as well as good electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. Moreover, the PIIH‐GA films could maintain good performance during stretching and even after chemical recycling, which opens new opportunities for flexible and sustainable electronics development.
Eu3+ Coordinated Hyperbranched Polysiloxane with Multicolor Emission and Long Fluorescence Lifetime†
Authors: Feng Weixu , Yan Lirong , Yan Hongxia , Tian Wei 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryHyperbranched polysiloxanes have attracted increasing interest due to their unique fluorescence properties. However, the relatively short emission wavelength and low fluorescence lifetime are still the main obstacles to their broader application. In this study, we first synthesized a β‐diketone contained hyperbranched polysiloxane with excitation‐dependent multicolor emission. Further through the coordination of HBPSi‐NMDEA with Eu3+ ion, a hybrid luminescent material was prepared. It exhibited not only aggregation‐induced red emission at 613 nm, but also a long fluorescence lifetime of 681.45 μs. Particularly, it showed highly sensitive reversible fluorescence response to temperature variation, thus displaying the potential to be used in fluorescence temperature detection.
Cold‐Resistant Rubbers Based on Flexible Polymer Chains
Authors: Wu Lianfeng , Liao Shenglong , Wang Yapei 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryAs one of the three types of polymeric materials, rubber has played an irreplaceable role in various fields such as industrial production, aerospace, military, and national defense. Improving the cold resistance of rubbers and extending their service temperature range have always been one of the main focuses in rubber research. However, there have been few detailed public reports or literatures on the progress or summary of cold‐resistant rubbers, creating an invisible barrier for new researchers wishing to enter this field of research. Therefore, starting from the basis of polymer physics, this review introduces the research difficulties in this field and systematically summarizes the research progress in constructing cold‐resistant rubbers based on three different types of flexible polymer chains in recent years. In addition, several important properties of cold‐resistant rubbers including mechanical performance, oil resistance, and self‐healing ability are also discussed along with the summary of recent progresses. Finally, the future challenges and prospects of cold‐resistant rubbers are discussed. It is hoped that this review will attract more attentions from polymer or material scientists, thus activating the fundamental research in the field of cold‐resistant rubber and promoting its practical application.
Synthesis of Piperazic Acid‐Containing Cyclodepsipeptide Core of Verucopeptin
Authors: Sun Yuanjun , Tang Wenhao , Wang Mei , Ni Huxin , Long Ya‐Qiu 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryChemically, N1 nitrogen of piperazic acid is more nucleophilic than N2 nitrogen, but amide bonds predominantly formed at N2 nitrogen are prevalent in piperazic acid‐containing natural products, with only one exception of sanglifehrin. Thus two orthogonal protecting groups of nitrogen are often employed to realize selective coupling of N2 nitrogen, resulting in increased synthetic steps and low synthetic efficiency. However, we develop selective deprotection of N2‐Cbz from the N1,N2‐diCbz‐piperazic acid‐containing peptide to form the N2 amide exclusively, avoiding the tedious orthogonal protection strategy which is commonly applied when the easily‐accessible N1,N2‐diCbz‐piperazic acid is used as the synthetic module. We employ this selective‐deprotection strategy to achieve an efficient synthesis of piperazic acid‐containing cyclodepsipeptide core of verucopeptin with an overall yield of 21% from commercially/readily available building blocks. The key steps include late stage coupling of piperazic acid with 3‐hydroxyleucine derivatives, and HATU‐mediated macrolactamization of 19‐membered macrocycle at N9 and C10. The selective deprotection of N2‐Cbz from the N1,N2‐diCbz‐piperazic acid at late‐stage would greatly facilitate the total syntheses of piperazic acid‐containing cyclodepsipeptides of biological interest.
Electrophotocatalytic Reductive 1,2‐Diarylationof Alkenes with Aryl Halides and Cyanoaromatics
Authors: Zeng Liang , Qin Jing‐Hao , Lv Gui‐Fen , Hu Ming , Sun Qing , Ouyang Xuan‐Hui , He De‐Liang , Li Jin‐Heng 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe radical‐mediated reductive functionalization of aryl halides has been extensively studied. However, the related radical‐mediated intermolecular reductive 1,2‐diarylation of alkenes, using aryl halides as aryl radical sources, remains unexplored. Herein, a new electrophotocatalytic intermolecular reductive 1,2‐diarylation of alkenes is reported using aryl halides and cyanoaromatics to produce polyarylated alkanes. Using synergistic cathodic reduction and visible‐light photoredox catalysis, various electron‐rich and electron‐deficient aryl halides are combined with various alkenes and cyanoaromatics to characterize the broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and excellent selectivity of this reaction. Mechanistic investigations reveal that this reaction may proceed via a radical process initiated by the reductive generation of aryl radicals from aryl halides and terminated by radical‐radical coupling with cyanoaromatic radical anions.
Dronedarone versus sotalol in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic literature review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Singh Jagmeet P. , Blomström‐Lundqvist Carina , Turakhia Mintu P. , Camm A. John , Fazeli Mir Sohail , Kreidieh Bahij , Crotty Christopher , Kowey Peter R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited comparative data on safety and efficacy within commonly used Vaughan‐Williams (VW) class III antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) for maintenance of sinus rhythm in adults with atrial fibrillation (AF).HypothesisWe hypothesized that dronedarone and sotalol, two commonly prescribed VW class III AADs with class II properties, have different safety and efficacy effects in patients with nonpermanent AF.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted searching MEDLINE®, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) up to June 15, 2021 (NCT05279833). Clinical trials and observational studies that evaluated safety and efficacy of dronedarone or sotalol in adults with AF were included. Bayesian random‐effects network meta‐analysis (NMA) was used to quantify comparative safety and efficacy. Where feasible, we performed sensitivity analyses by including only randomized controlled trials (RCTs).ResultsOf 3581 records identified through database searches, 37 unique studies (23 RCTs, 13 observational studies, and 1 nonrandomized trial) were included in the NMA. Dronedarone was associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of all‐cause death versus sotalol (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.38 [95% credible interval, CrI: 0.19, 0.74]). The association was numerically similar in the sensitivity analysis (HR = 0.46 [95% CrI: 0.21, 1.02]). AF recurrence and cardiovascular death results were not significantly different between dronedarone and sotalol in all‐studies and sensitivity analyses.ConclusionThe NMA findings indicate that, across all clinical trials and observational studies included, dronedarone compared with sotalol was associated with a lower risk of all‐cause death, but with no difference in AF recurrence.
A DFT+U Study of CO and H2 Adsorption Properties on Ga, Li, and Cu Doped ZnO Surfaces
Authors: Viet Thang Ho 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDoping heteroatoms is an efficient method for enhancing the electronic properties of ZnO materials in order to apply them to the desired applications. This study compares the effect of various dopant metals on the electronic and adsorption properties of ZnO
using DFT+U calculations. Metal dopants including n‐type Ga (IIIA metal), p‐type Li (IA metal), and equivalent valance metal Cu are thought to be substituted in the Zn lattice at both the surface (Znsur) and subsurface (Znsub) sites. To evaluate the electronic structure of doped ZnO
and the adsorption properties of CO and H2 on doped ZnO
, the Bader charge, density of state, spin density, charge density difference, adsorption energy, and vibrational frequency are calculated. The computed findings demonstrate that, among the investigated dopants, Cu dopant significantly enhances the adsorption characteristics of ZnO materials. This research will be useful in designing appropriate materials for adsorption and catalytic applications.
Proteasomes: Isolation and Activity Assays
Authors: Li Yanjie , Tomko Robert J. , Hochstrasser Mark 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn eukaryotes, damaged or unneeded proteins are typically degraded by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system. In this system, the protein substrate is often first covalently modified with a chain of ubiquitin polypeptides. This chain serves as a signal for delivery to the 26S proteasome, a 2.5‐MDa, ATP‐dependent multisubunit protease complex. The proteasome consists of a barrel‐shaped 20S core particle (CP) that is capped on one or both of its ends by a 19S regulatory particle (RP). The RP is responsible for recognizing the substrate, unfolding it, and translocating it into the CP for destruction. Here we describe simple, one‐step purification schemes for isolating the 26S proteasome and its 19S RP and 20S CP subcomplexes from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A gel filtration step can be added to further enhance purity. We also describe assays for measuring ubiquitin‐dependent and ubiquitin‐independent proteolytic activity in vitro. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Purification of active 26S proteasomesSupport Protocol 1: Growth of yeast strains and production of yeast cell powderSupport Protocol 2: Regeneration of anti‐flag M2 affinity gelBasic Protocol 2: Purification of the 19S regulatory particle (RP)Basic Protocol 3: Purification of active 20S CPBasic Protocol 4: In‐gel peptidase activity assay for 20S CP and 26S proteasomesBasic Protocol 5: In‐solution peptidase activity assay for 20S and 26S proteasomesBasic Protocol 6: Measuring degradation of polyubiquitinated SIC1PYBasic Protocol 7: Gel filtration of purified proteasomes and subcomplexes
Immune landscape and the key role of APOE+ monocytes of lupus nephritis under the single‐cell and spatial transcriptional vista
Authors: Tang Youzhou , Zhang Ying , Li Xinyu , Xu Ruoyao , Ji Ying , Liu Jishi , Liu Jianye , Zhuang Quan , Zhang Hao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLupus nephritis (LN) is among the most common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with high mortality and morbidity. The analysis of LN kidney's local immune response through single‐cell and spatial transcriptome enables the study of potential therapeutic targets.MethodsBy single cell sequencing and spatial transcriptome, we profile cells from LN kidney and normal kidney tissues to characterize cellular composition and elucidate the potential upstream monocyte/macrophage (Mono/MΦ) initiating the auto‐immune response. After the high‐throughput synergy screening, we performed the immunofluorescence to identify the specific cells in LN patients. The function experiments were finished by flow cytometry and Elisa.ResultsBy immunofluorescence and spatial transcriptome, we identified differential subsets of Mono/MΦ and demonstrated that they exhibit temporal expression of TIMP1, IL1B, SPP1 and APOE. With the function experiments, we found that the APOE+ Mono may be compensatorily increased in LN, and the capacity of antigen presenting was decreased with the overexpression of APOE. Furthermore, how do the LN‐specific Mono/MΦ transport in and out the glomerulus to active the local immune response remains unclear. Our results showed that lymphangiogenesis occurred in LN kidneys but not in normal kidneys, suggesting the presence of a new lymphatic vessel may serve as a ‘green channel’ for LN‐specific Mono/MΦ.ConclusionsIn LN, APOE+ Mono are compensatorily elevated, with decreased antigen presenting ability and reduced secretion of interferons. The lymphangiogenesis in LN prompts the trafficking of Mono/MΦ in LN kidney.
Autoantibodies targeting type I interferons: Prevalence, mechanisms of induction, and association with viral disease susceptibility
Authors: Hale Benjamin G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe type I IFN (IFN‐I) system is essential to limit severe viral disease in humans. Thus, IFN‐I deficiencies are associated with serious life‐threatening infections. Remarkably, some rare individuals with chronic autoimmune diseases develop neutralizing autoantibodies (autoAbs) against IFN‐Is thereby compromising their own innate antiviral defenses. Furthermore, the prevalence of anti‐IFN‐I autoAbs in apparently healthy individuals increases with age, such that ∼4% of those over 70 years old are affected. Here, I review the literature on factors that may predispose individuals to develop anti‐IFN‐I autoAbs, such as reduced self‐tolerance caused by defects in the genes AIRE, NFKB2, and FOXP3 (among others), or by generally impaired thymus function, including thymic involution in the elderly. In addition, I discuss the hypothesis that predisposed individuals develop anti‐IFN‐I autoAbs following “autoimmunization” with IFN‐Is generated during some acute viral infections, systemic inflammatory events, or chronic IFN‐I exposure. Finally, I highlight the enhanced susceptibility that individuals with anti‐IFN‐I autoAbs appear to have towards viral diseases such as severe COVID‐19, influenza, or herpes (e.g., varicella‐zoster virus, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus), as well as adverse reactions to live‐attenuated vaccines. Understanding the mechanisms underlying development and consequences of anti‐IFN‐I autoAbs will be key to implementing effective prophylactic and therapeutic measures.
Characterizing key aroma‐active compounds of stewed mutton using gas chromatography‐olfactometry‐mass spectrometry coupled with odour activity value
Authors: Qi Nan , Liu Ruijia , Sun Jie , Chen Haitao , Zhang Ning 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStewed mutton is popular for its nutritional and special flavour qualities. To determine the key aroma‐active compounds of stewed mutton in different parts, six experimental groups (sheep fat, sheep bone, sheep brisket, sheep loin, sheep rib and sheep leg) were investigated by gas chromatography‐olfactometry‐mass spectrometry (GC‐O‐MS). Totally, 57 volatile compounds in mutton soup were identified. Of these, 22 aroma‐active compounds were identified as key aroma compounds with odour activity values (OAVs) >1. The partial least squares regression (PLSR) results indicated that sheep fat (SF) was greatly related to most variables of sensory attributes, thus presented richer aroma. Among all samples, 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone and (E)‐2‐nonenal were the major aromatic compounds they shared. There were 22 unique key aromatic compounds, including 3‐methylthiopropana, (E)‐2‐decenal, γ‐decalactone, (E)‐2‐octenal and hydroxyacetone, and the differences in these compounds contributed to the flavour profiles of mutton soup. Our research extends the knowledge into the flavour characteristics of different parts of mutton and provides powerful information for improving the flavour of mutton products.
Investigation of Highly Active Carbon‐, Cobalt‐, and Noble Metal‐Free MnO2/NiO/Ni‐Based Bifunctional Air Electrodes for Metal–Air Batteries with an Alkaline Electrolyte
Authors: Kosin Marvin , Dondrup Simon , Girschik Jan , Burfeind Jens , Apfel Ulf‐Peter , Grevé Anna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCompared to other battery technologies, metal–air batteries offer high specific capacities because the active material at the cathode side is supplied by ambient atmosphere. To secure and further extend this advantage, the development of highly active and stable bifunctional air electrodes is currently the main challenge that needs to be resolved. Herein, a highly active carbon‐, cobalt‐, and noble‐metal‐free MnO2/NiO‐based bifunctional air electrode is presented for metal–air batteries in alkaline electrolytes. Notably, while electrodes without MnO2 reveal stable current densities over 100 cyclic voltammetry cycles, MnO2 containing samples show a superior initial activity and an elevated open circuit potential. Along this line, the partial substitution of MnO2 by NiO drastically increases the cycling stability of the electrode. X‐ray diffractograms, scanning electron microscopy images, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra are obtained before and after cycling to investigate structural changes of the hot‐pressed electrodes. XRD results suggest that MnO2 is dissolved or transformed into an amorphous phase during cycling. Furthermore, SEM micrographs show that the porous structure of a MnO2 and NiO containing electrode is not maintained during cycling.
Microglia actively remove NR1 autoantibody‐bound NMDA receptors and associated post‐synaptic proteins in neuron microglia co‐cultures
Authors: Rahman Kazi Atikur , Orlando Marta , Boulos Ayub , Andrzejak Ewa , Schmitz Dietmar , Ziv Noam E. , Prüss Harald , Garner Craig C. , Ichkova Aleksandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAutoantibodies against the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) have been shown to promote crosslinking and internalization of bound receptors in NMDAR encephalitis (NMDARE). This internalization‐mediated loss of NMDARs is thought to be the major mechanism leading to pathogenic outcomes in patients. However, the role of bound autoantibody in engaging the resident immune cells, microglia, remains poorly understood. Here, using a patient‐derived monoclonal NR1 autoantibody (hNR1‐mAb) and a co‐culture system of microglia and neurons, we could show that hNR1‐mAb bound to hippocampal neurons led to microglia‐mediated removal of hNR1‐mAb bound NMDARs. These complexes were found to accumulate inside endo‐lysosomal compartments of microglia. Utilizing another patient isolated monoclonal autoantibody, against the α1‐subunit of GABAA receptors (α1‐GABAA‐mAb), such removal of receptors was found to be specific to the antibody‐bound receptor targets. Interestingly, along with receptor removal, we also observed a reduction in synapse number, more specifically in the numbers of post‐synaptic proteins like PSD95 and Homer 1, when microglia were present in the culture. Importantly, mutations in the Fc region of hNR1‐mAb, blocking its Fcγ receptor (FcγR) and complement binding, attenuated hNR1‐mAb driven loss of NMDARs and synapses, indicating that microglia engagement by bound hNR1‐mAb is critical for receptor and synapse loss. Our data argues for an active involvement of microglia in removal of NMDARs and other receptors in individuals with autoimmune encephalitis, thereby contributing to the etiology of these diseases.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity Studies of Bis(β‐diketiminate) Zinc(II) Complexes
Authors: Rinke Philipp , Görls Helmar , Kretschmer Robert 
Published: April 2023

AbstractZinc(II) complexes bearing bis(β‐diketiminate) ligands with various linker groups and terminal substituents have been synthesized by deprotonation of the related bis(β‐diketimine)s with zinc(II) bis[bis(trimethylsilylamide)] and diethyl zinc, respectively. One mononuclear and seven dinuclear zinc(II) complexes could be isolated and fully characterized; their solid‐state structures have been determined by means of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Oxygenation experiments of selected dinuclear ethyl zinc bis(β‐diketiminate) complexes afforded a series of novel heteroleptic zinc alkoxide, hydroxide, carbonate, and carboxylate complexes. These findings do not only illustrate the complexity of both the oxygenation of organozinc compounds and the transformation pathways of the thus formed compounds but highlight also the impact of the reaction conditions and variations in the ligand framework.