bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decisions about College Football during Covid-19: An Ethical Analysis
Authors: Baugh Christine M. , Glantz Leonard , Mello Michelle M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis manuscript uses competitive college football as a lens into the complexities of decision-making amid the Covid-19 pandemic. Pulling together what is known about the decision-makers, the decision-making processes, the social and political context, the risks and benefits, and the underlying obligations of institutions to these athletes, we conduct an ethical analysis of the decisions surrounding the 2020 fall football season. Based on this ethical analysis, we provide key recommendations to improve similar decision processes moving forward.
Association between coffee consumption and high C-reactive protein levels in Korean adults
Authors: Choi Sooyeun , Je Youjin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe findings of studies investigating the relationship between coffee consumption and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels have been inconsistent, and few researchers considered the type of coffee. We examined the association between coffee consumption and high CRP levels, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016–2018, with 9337 adults aged 19–64 years. A 24-h diet recall was used to assess diet, including the amount and type of coffee consumed. We classified coffee into black coffee and coffee with sugar and/or cream (non-drinkers, or ≤ 1, 2–3, > 3 cups/d) and used multivariable logistic regression models with high CRP levels (≥ 2·2 mg/l). After the adjustment for potential confounders, 2–3 cups/d of coffee consumption were inversely associated with high CRP levels, compared with no consumption (OR = 0·83, 95 % CI 0·69, 0·99). By type of coffee, the inverse association was stronger in subjects consuming black coffee (OR = 0·61, 95 % CI 0·45, 0·84), while the inverse association was much weaker in those consuming coffee with sugar and/or cream (OR = 0·92, 95 % CI 0·74, 1·14). By sex, the inverse association of 2–3 cups of black coffee was found both in men (OR = 0·65, 95 % CI 0·41, 1·03) and women (OR = 0·55, 95 % CI 0·36, 0·83). More than three cups/d of heavy coffee consumption were not significantly associated with high CRP levels. Our findings indicate that moderate black coffee consumption of 2–3 cups/d is inversely associated with high CRP levels in Korean adults. Further prospective studies are warranted to provide definitive evidence.
István Deák (1926–2023): In Memoriam
Authors: Judson Pieter M. , Rozenblit Marsha L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis is a tribute to István Deák, a prominent historian of Habsburg history. The tribute covers his early life in Budapest, the son of a middle-class family of Jewish origins who suffered as a Jew in 1944. Deák left Hungary in 1944, spent several years in France and Germany, and then came to the United States in 1956. Much of the commemoration covers his career as a professor of history at Columbia University and his very significant scholarly contributions.
Towards a just and equitable applied psycholinguistics
Authors: Kutlu Ethan , Hayes-Harb Rachel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe introduce the pair of special issues of Applied Psycolinguistics (this issue, next issue) titled “Towards a just and equitable applied psycholinguistics.” This paper motivates the need for this project, details the editorial process, and provides a brief summary of each article appearing in the special issues.
The Native Militia in the Seventeenth-Century Spanish Philippines: A Space of Power for the Indigenous Elite
Authors: Concepcion Grace Liza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe history of the indigenous militia and its role in consolidating the native elite's place in the seventeenth-century colonial Philippines is an understudied topic. This paper addresses that gap. Using lists of media anata payments gathered from the Contaduría section of the Archivo General de Indias for the province of Laguna, this paper examines the beginnings of the native militia and the positions that the native elite occupied. Based on the corresponding media anata tax that these positions required, the author has listed the military ranks that native Filipinos assumed from 1633 to 1700. The Spanish government relied heavily on native arms to support Spain's expansionary agenda, especially in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century. Moreover, foreign threats, the Spanish-Dutch wars, and the challenges posed by hostile indigenous groups in the Philippines left the Spaniards with no choice but to rely on native arms to defend their position. As the native militia developed and became a permanent feature of the seventeenth-century Philippines, it gave rise to a space for the indigenous elite to exercise their roles as soldiers, encomenderos, and conquistadores in territories which remained on the periphery of the Spanish empire in which they carved their niche.
Validity and Accuracy of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator Part B for Identification of Frailty in Older Adults Consulting a Rural Geriatric Medicine Clinic
Authors: Mehta Saurabh P. , Indramohan Pavithramohan , Dobariya Varun , Seccurro Drake , Goebel Lynne J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) is a validated tool for determining frailty in older adults. This study examined the validity and accuracy of the TFI Part B (TFI-B) in a North American context. Seventy-two individuals ≥ 65 years of age recruited from a rural geriatric medicine clinic completed a set of self-reported and performance-based measures, including TFI-B. Frailty level was determined using modified Fried’s Frailty Phenotype (FFP). Pearson correlation coefficients (r) assessed the concurrent relationships between the TFI-B and other measures. Accuracy of the TFI-B in classifying frailty level was assessed using assessing area under the curve (AUC). The TFI-B scores showed low correlations (r < 0.4) with gait speed and grip, suggesting that the TFI-B did not consider frailty as merely a physical problem. The AUC of 0.82 indicated that the TFI-B scores accurately classified frail versus non-frail individuals. The score of ≥ 5 on the TFI-B scores showed satisfactory sensitivity/specificity (73%/77%) and excellent negative predictive value (91.95%). This indicates that a TFI-B score of < 5 can be used to rule out frailty.
Traditional egg-harvesting policies for the endemic Moluccan ScrubfowlEulipoa wallaceion Haruku Island, Indonesia, and its conservation implications
Authors: Leimena Handy Erwin Pier , Sjarmidi Achmad , Syamsudin Tati Suryati 
Published: May 2023

SummaryTraditional policies on using wild species are critical in developing scenarios for community engagement in conserving wild species populations. As such, this study examines the traditional practice of harvesting eggs from Moluccan ScrubfowlEulipoa wallaceion Haruku Island, Indonesia, and its implications for bird population conservation. Using a closed-ended questionnaire, we surveyed 200 respondents in the productive age group (aged 15–65 years). It was found that most of the community supported adopting the traditional policies due to the high demand for eggs, which required daily harvesting. According to the community, egg harvesting has no adverse effect on bird populations, but hunting and habitat destruction does reduce the number of eggs available for harvesting. The community concluded that traditional conservation policies prioritise the conservation of adult birds and their habitats, not bird eggs. Particular attention should be paid to egg conservation efforts by establishing a quota for egg harvesting and limiting egg-harvesting time. Conservation efforts must also take into account the growing community awareness of the importance of conserving Moluccan Scrubfowl eggs.
smProbLog: Stable Model Semantics in ProbLog for Probabilistic Argumentation
Authors: TOTIS PIETRO , DE RAEDT LUC , KIMMIG ANGELIKA 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArgumentation problems are concerned with determining the acceptability of a set of arguments from their relational structure. When the available information is uncertain, probabilistic argumentation frameworks provide modeling tools to account for it. The first contribution of this paper is a novel interpretation of probabilistic argumentation frameworks as probabilistic logic programs. Probabilistic logic programs are logic programs in which some of the facts are annotated with probabilities. We show that the programs representing probabilistic argumentation frameworks do not satisfy a common assumption in probabilistic logic programming (PLP) semantics, which is, that probabilistic facts fully capture the uncertainty in the domain under investigation. The second contribution of this paper is then a novel PLP semantics for programs where a choice of probabilistic facts does not uniquely determine the truth assignment of the logical atoms. The third contribution of this paper is the implementation of a PLP system supporting this semantics: smProbLog. smProbLog is a novel PLP framework based on the PLP language ProbLog. smProbLog supports many inference and learning tasks typical of PLP, which, together with our first contribution, provide novel reasoning tools for probabilistic argumentation. We evaluate our approach with experiments analyzing the computational cost of the proposed algorithms and their application to a dataset of argumentation problems.
Human Genetics Society of Australasia Position Statement: Genetic Carrier Testing for Recessive Conditions
Authors: Vears Danya F. , Boyle Jackie , Jacobs Chris , McInerney-Leo Aideen , Newson Ainsley J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis Position Statement provides guidelines to assist all health professionals who receive requests for carrier testing and laboratory staff conducting the tests.In this Statement, the term ‘carrier testing’ refers to genetic testing in an individual to determine whether they have inherited a pathogenic variant associated with an autosomal or X-linked recessive condition previously identified in a blood relative. Carrier testing recommendations: (1) Carrier testing should only be performed with the individual’s knowledge and consent; (2) An individual considering (for themselves, or on behalf of another) whether to have a carrier test should be supported to make an informed decision; (3) The mode of inheritance, the individual’s personal experience with the condition, and the healthcare setting in which the test is being performed should be considered when determining whether carrier testing should be offered by a genetic health professional. Regarding children and young people: Unless there is direct medical benefit in the immediate future, the default position should be to postpone carrier testing until the child or young person can be supported to make an informed decision. There may be some specific situations where it is appropriate to facilitate carrier testing in children and young people (see section in this article). In such cases, testing should only be offered with pre- and post-test genetic counseling in which genetic health professionals and parents/guardians should explore the rationale for testing and the interests of the child and the family.
Zoysiagrass and weed response to herbicides during post-dormancy transition
Authors: Craft Jordan M. , Godara Navdeep , Askew Shawn D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWinter annual weeds begin to germinate as zoysiagrass enters winter dormancy in autumn. These weeds can suppress zoysiagrass shoot development the following spring through competition for sunlight, moisture, and nutrients. Previous research involving winter annual weed control in dormant turfgrass has been conducted primarily on bermudagrass, but less is known about how various herbicides used for this purpose will influence zoysiagrass after dormancy transition. Two field studies were conducted over 7 site-years between 2016 and 2020 to evaluate 17 herbicide treatments that are typically marketed for broadleaf weed control in spring and 18 herbicide treatments that are typically marketed for annual bluegrass control during winter for their effects on a variety of weeds and semidormant ‘Meyer’ and dormant ‘Zeon’ zoysiagrass, respectively. Glufosinate, glyphosate + simazine, and indaziflam + simazine controlled Persian speedwell by more than 90% and control was significantly greater with auxin-type and other herbicide combinations. Dandelion and Persian speedwell were better controlled with a combination of simazine and glyphosate than when glyphosate was applied alone. Glufosinate controlled dandelion, hairy bittercress, and Persian speedwell more effectively than glyphosate. In Meyer zoysiagrass, glyphosate and glufosinate controlled annual bluegrass equivalently, whereas in Zeon zoysiagrass, glyphosate controlled annual bluegrass better than glufosinate did. Foramsulfuron or treatments that contained simazine resulted in >90% control of annual bluegrass. A flumioxazin admixture with diquat, glufosinate, or glyphosate improved annual bluegrass control. Herbicide treatments that contain diquat, glufosinate, glyphosate, and metsulfuron alone or in a tank-mix should not be applied to Meyer zoysiagrass with 5% visual green turf cover due to high injury potential. In both studies, glufosinate was more injurious to Meyer and Zeon zoysiagrass than glyphosate. Overall, several herbicides that control annual bluegrass or broadleaf weeds can be safely applied to Zeon zoysiagrass during dormancy or Meyer zoysiagrass during post-dormancy transition.
The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery
Authors: Wu Di , Chen Qi , Chen Xiaojie , Han Feng , Chen Zhong , Wang Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBlood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB complicates the pharmacotherapy for CNS disorders as the most chemical drugs and biopharmaceuticals have been impeded to enter the brain. Insufficient drug delivery into the brain leads to low therapeutic efficacy as well as aggravated side effects due to the accumulation in other organs and tissues. Recent breakthrough in materials science and nanotechnology provides a library of advanced materials with customized structure and property serving as a powerful toolkit for targeted drug delivery. In-depth research in the field of anatomical and pathological study on brain and BBB further facilitates the development of brain-targeted strategies for enhanced BBB crossing. In this review, the physiological structure and different cells contributing to this barrier are summarized. Various emerging strategies for permeability regulation and BBB crossing including passive transcytosis, intranasal administration, ligands conjugation, membrane coating, stimuli-triggered BBB disruption, and other strategies to overcome BBB obstacle are highlighted. Versatile drug delivery systems ranging from organic, inorganic, and biologics-derived materials with their synthesis procedures and unique physio-chemical properties are summarized and analyzed. This review aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive guideline for researchers in diverse fields, offering perspectives on further development of brain-targeted drug delivery system.
Stabilized mosaic single-cell data integration using unshared features
Authors: Ghazanfar Shila , Guibentif Carolina , Marioni John C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrently available single-cell omics technologies capture many unique features with different biological information content. Data integration aims to place cells, captured with different technologies, onto a common embedding to facilitate downstream analytical tasks. Current horizontal data integration techniques use a set of common features, thereby ignoring non-overlapping features and losing information. Here we introduce StabMap, a mosaic data integration technique that stabilizes mapping of single-cell data by exploiting the non-overlapping features. StabMap first infers a mosaic data topology based on shared features, then projects all cells onto supervised or unsupervised reference coordinates by traversing shortest paths along the topology. We show that StabMap performs well in various simulation contexts, facilitates ‘multi-hop’ mosaic data integration where some datasets do not share any features and enables the use of spatial gene expression features for mapping dissociated single-cell data onto a spatial transcriptomic reference.
Normothermic machine perfusion versus static cold storage in donation after circulatory death kidney transplantation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hosgood Sarah A. , Callaghan Christopher J. , Wilson Colin H. , Smith Laura , Mullings Joanne , Mehew Jennifer , Oniscu Gabriel C. , Phillips Benedict L. , Bates Lucy , Nicholson Michael L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease, but it is still severely limited by a lack of suitable organ donors. Kidneys from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors have been used to increase transplant rates, but these organs are susceptible to cold ischemic injury in the storage period before transplantation, the clinical consequence of which is high rates of delayed graft function (DGF). Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is an emerging technique that circulates a warmed, oxygenated red-cell-based perfusate through the kidney to maintain near-physiological conditions. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare the outcome of DCD kidney transplants after conventional static cold storage (SCS) alone or SCS plus 1-h NMP. A total of 338 kidneys were randomly allocated to SCS (n = 168) or NMP (n = 170), and 277 kidneys were included in the final intention-to-treat analysis. The primary endpoint was DGF, defined as the requirement for dialysis in the first 7 d after transplant. The rate of DGF was 82 of 135 (60.7%) in NMP kidneys versus 83 of 142 (58.5%) in SCS kidneys (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.13 (0.69–1.84); P = 0.624). NMP was not associated with any increase in transplant thrombosis, infectious complications or any other adverse events. A 1-h period of NMP at the end of SCS did not reduce the rate of DGF in DCD kidneys. NMP was demonstrated to be feasible, safe and suitable for clinical application. Trial registration number: ISRCTN15821205.
Square-wave voltammetry of human blood serum
Authors: Kokoskarova Pavlinka , Stojanov Leon , Najkov Kosta , Ristovska Natasha , Ruskovska Tatjana , Skrzypek Sławomira , Mirceski Valentin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA study on voltammetric analysis of blood serum diluted in a phosphate buffer is presented using advanced square-wave voltammetry at an edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode. The results demonstrate that even in a complex medium like human blood serum, electrochemical characterization can be achieved through the use of advanced voltammetric techniques in conjunction with an appropriate commercially available electrode, such as the edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode, which boosts superior electrocatalytic properties. Without undergoing any chemical treatment of the serum sample, the square-wave voltammetry technique reveals, for the first time, the electrode reactions of uric acid, bilirubin, and albumin in a single experiment, as represented by well-defined, separated, and intense voltammetric signals. All electrode processes are surface-confined, indicating that the edge plane sites of the electrode serve as an ideal platform for the competitive adsorption of electroactive species, despite the extensive chemical complexity of the serum samples. The speed and differential nature of square-wave voltammetry are crucial for obtaining an outstanding resolution of the voltammetric peaks, maintaining the quasi-reversible nature of the underlying electrode processes, while reducing the impact of follow-up chemical reactions that are coupled to the initial electron transfer for all three detected species, and minimizing fouling of the electrode surface.
A new basic probability assignment generation and combination method for conflict data fusion in the evidence theory
Authors: Tang Yongchuan , Zhou Yonghao , Ren Xiangxuan , Sun Yufei , Huang Yubo , Zhou Deyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDempster–Shafer evidence theory is an effective method to deal with information fusion. However, how to deal with the fusion paradoxes while using the Dempster’s combination rule is still an open issue. To address this issue, a new basic probability assignment (BPA) generation method based on the cosine similarity and the belief entropy was proposed in this paper. Firstly, Mahalanobis distance was used to measure the similarity between the test sample and BPA of each focal element in the frame of discernment. Then, cosine similarity and belief entropy were used respectively to measure the reliability and uncertainty of each BPA to make adjustments and generate a standard BPA. Finally, Dempster’s combination rule was used for the fusion of new BPAs. Numerical examples were used to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in solving the classical fusion paradoxes. Besides, the accuracy rates of the classification experiments on datasets were also calculated to verify the rationality and efficiency of the proposed method.
Transcriptomics-based investigation of manganese dioxide nanoparticle toxicity in rats’ choroid plexus
Authors: Meng Chun-Yan , Ma Xin-Yi , Xu Ming-Yan , Pei Sheng-Fei , Liu Yang , Hao Zhuo-Lu , Li Qing-Zhao , Feng Fu-Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2-NPs) have a wide range of applications in biomedicine. Given this widespread usage, it is worth noting that MnO2-NPs are definitely toxic, especially to the brain. However, the damage caused by MnO2-NPs to the choroid plexus (CP) and to the brain after crossing CP epithelial cells has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate these effects and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms through transcriptomics analysis. To achieve this objective, eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (control), low-dose exposure group (low-dose) and high-dose exposure group (high-dose). Animals in the two treated groups were administered with two concentrations of MnO2-NPs (200 mg kg−1 BW and 400 mg kg−1 BW) using a noninvasive intratracheal injection method once a week for three months. Finally, the neural behavior of all the animals was tested using a hot plate tester, open-field test and Y-type electric maze. The morphological characteristics of the CP and hippocampus were observed by H&E stain, and the transcriptome of CP tissues was analysed by transcriptome sequencing. The representative differentially expressed genes were quantified by qRT-PCR. We found that treatment with MnO2-NPs could induce learning capacity and memory faculty decline and destroy the structure of hippocampal and CP cells in rats. High doses of MnO2-NPs had a more obvious destructive capacity. For transcriptomic analysis, we found that there were significant differences in the numbers and types of differential genes in CP between the low- and high-dose groups compared to the control. Through GO terms and KEGG analysis, high-dose MnO2-NPs significantly affected the expression of transporters, ion channel proteins, and ribosomal proteins. There were 17 common differentially expressed genes. Most of them were transporter and binding genes on the cell membrane, and some of them had kinase activity. Three genes, Brinp, Synpr and Crmp1, were selected for qRT-PCR to confirm their expression differences among the three groups. In conclusion, high-dose MnO2-NPs exposure induced abnormal neurobehaviour, impaired memory function, destroyed the structure of the CP and changed its transcriptome in rats. The most significant DEGs in the CP were within the transport system.