bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of focused power ultrasound-mediated perirenal fat modification on primary hypertension: protocol of a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled study
Authors: Li Menghuan , Shi Jing , Sheng Yanhui , Zhang Yuqing , Wu Tingting , Yang Jiaming , Zhang Kerui , Sun Wei , Kong Xiangqing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Perirenal fat plays a key role in sustaining pathological high blood pressure. We aim to investigate the efficacy of intervention for perirenal fat mediated by focused power ultrasound (FPU) on primary hypertension.

Methods
A multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled, double-blinded trial will be implemented in 200 participants with mild to moderate hypertension. All enrolled participants will be randomly allocated to perirenal fat modification (PFM) intervention using FPU or sham-procedure at a ratio of 1:1 and will be followed up at 24 h, 14 days, 30 days, and 90 days after the intervention. The primary endpoint is changes in office systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 30 days compared with baseline. The secondary endpoints include the changes in office SBP from baseline to 90 days, changes in 24-h mean SBP from baseline to 30 days and 90 days, and changes in heart rate from baseline to 30 days. Safety endpoint is defined as any severe adverse events related to the intervention.

Discussion
The present study is the first to use noninvasive FPU to intervene in perirenal fat to achieve the goal of reducing blood pressure for patients with essential hypertension. Our study is expected to provide a new treatment strategy to control high blood pressure.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT05049096. Registered on September 7, 2021.
Protocol version: Version 1.3.1, data 23 August 2021.
Sponsor: Prof. Xiangqing Kong is the principal investigator of this trial.
Perirenal fat thickness and liver fat fraction are independent predictors of MetS in adults with overweight and obesity suspected with NAFLD: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Li , Pan Yuning , Ye Xianwang , Zhu Yongmeng , Lian Yandong , Zhang Hui , Xu Miao , Liu Mengxiao , Ruan Xinzhong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a multidirectional relationship with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and used to be considered a hepatic manifestation of MetS. Perirenal fat, as a part of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), was reported to be correlated with MetS components, but data for intraorgan fat are lacking. This study was undertaken to assess the value of peripheral and intraorgan fat to predict MetS in adults with overweight and obesity with suspected NAFLD.MethodsWe studied 134 sequential adults (mean age, 31.5 years; 47% female) with overweight and obesity with suspected NAFLD. All participants underwent abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters and perirenal fat thickness (PRFT), subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SATT), liver fat fraction (LFF), pancreas fat fraction (PFF), and lumbar spine fat fraction (LSFF) were collected. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Statistical analyses included basic statistics, linear correlation and logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 63 adults with MetS and 71 adults with advanced liver steatosis (grades 2 and 3) were included in our study. Patients with MetS had greater PRFT (p = 0.026) and LFF (p < 0.001), as well as greater homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and decreased SATT. MetS patients had a higher proportion of advanced steatosis than those without MetS (P < 0.001). The MetS score was associated with PRFT and LFF. Logistic regression analysis showed that the PRFT and LFF were independent predictors of MetS after adjusting for age and sex. A cutoff of 9.15 mm for PRFT and 14.68% for LFF could be predictive of MetS.ConclusionsThis study shows that the absolute cutoff level of 9.15 mm for PRFT and 14.68% for LFF may be clinically important markers for identifying patients who are at high risk of MetS among adults with overweight and obesity with suspected NAFLD, irrespective of sex and age. Moreover, ectopic fat levels in pancreas and lumbar spine are positively associated with PRFT.Trial registrationNot applicable.
Exploring of two different equated instability resistance training programs on measure of physical fitness and lower limb asymmetry in pre-pubertal weightlifters
Authors: Hammami Raouf , Nobari Hadi , Hanen Werfelli , Gene-Morales Javier , Rebai Haithem , Colado Juan C. , Ardigò Luca Paolo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Although previous research in pediatric populations has reported performance enhancements following instability resistance training, the effects of different volumes on measures of balance, strength and power and lower limb asymmetry remain unclear.

Objective
To compare the effect of two 8-week instability resistance training programs (IRT1: 2 sets x 8 repetitions, 20% one-repetition maximum (1RM); IRT2: 2 sets x 4 repetitions, 40% 1RM) in balance (center of pressure displacements), 1RM, single-leg jumps, and inter-limb asymmetry of prepubescent weightlifters.

Methods
Thirty-two male athletes (10.94 ± 0.47 yrs, 17.05 ± 0.14 kg/m2, and 6.44 ± 0.93% bodyfat) voluntarily participated and combined IRT (front and back squat, lunge, and deadlift) with their usual weightlifting training. Nonparametric tests evaluated the differences between pre- and post-intervention.

Results
Significant improvements were encountered in all the variables for both groups (effect sizes [ES] from 0.46 to 2.60), except the inter-limb asymmetry and the velocity of displacement of the center of pressure, which did not improve in IRT2. It is also worth highlighting that in the single-leg jumps and center of pressure displacements, whereas no significant differences were observed between IRT1 and IRT2 in the baseline, significant differences appeared in the follow-up measurements.

Conclusion
IRT combined with weight-lifting training improves prepubescent weightlifters’ performance; therefore, strength and conditioning coaches may consider including unstable devices with low loads into an overall conditioning program and warm-ups for prepuberal male weightlifters to promote their physical fitness and potentially decrease inter-limb asymmetry.

Trial registration
This study does not report results related to healthcare interventions using human participants; therefore, it was not prospectively registered.
IL-6/gp130 signaling: a key unlocking regeneration
Authors: Li Ruopu , Li Deqiang , Nie Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLiver is an organ with notable capacity of regeneration. Reprogramming of hepatocytes towards an immature state is one of the important mechanisms for hepatocyte replenishment. Inflammatory response mediated by IL-6 and its family cytokines has been widely reported closely related with tissue regeneration in myriads of organs. Recently Hui and colleagues reported that the dedifferentiation of hepatocytes depends upon IL-6 signaling from Kupffer cells and the reprogramming of gene expression under the inflammatory condition is different from the regulation of gene expression during embryo hepatocyte specification, highlighting a tight linkage between extracellular microenvironment and parenchymal cell plasticity during tissue regenerative repair.
AAM: a dataset of Artificial Audio Multitracks for diverse music information retrieval tasks
Authors: Ostermann Fabian , Vatolkin Igor , Ebeling Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present a new dataset of 3000 artificial music tracks with rich annotations based on real instrument samples and generated by algorithmic composition with respect to music theory. Our collection provides ground truth onset information and has several advantages compared to many available datasets. It can be used to compare and optimize algorithms for various music information retrieval tasks like music segmentation, instrument recognition, source separation, onset detection, key and chord recognition, or tempo estimation. As the audio is perfectly aligned to original MIDIs, all annotations (onsets, pitches, instruments, keys, tempos, chords, beats, and segment boundaries) are absolutely precise. Because of that, specific scenarios can be addressed, for instance, detection of segment boundaries with instrument and key change only, or onset detection only in tracks with drums and slow tempo. This allows for the exhaustive evaluation and identification of individual weak points of algorithms. In contrast to datasets with commercial music, all audio tracks are freely available, allowing for extraction of own audio features. All music pieces are stored as single instrument audio tracks and a mix track, so that different augmentations and DSP effects can be applied to extend training sets and create individual mixes, e.g., for deep neural networks. In three case studies, we show how different algorithms and neural network models can be analyzed and compared for music segmentation, instrument recognition, and onset detection. In future, the dataset can be easily extended under consideration of specific demands to the composition process.
Effect of iron fortification on anaemia and risk of malaria among Ghanaian pre-school children with haemoglobinopathies and different ABO blood groups
Authors: Tchum Samuel Kofi , Sakyi Samuel Asamoah , Arthur Fareed , Adu Bright , Abubakar Latifatu Alhassan , Oppong Felix Boakye , Dzabeng Francis , Amoani Benjamin , Gyan Thomas , Asante Kwaku Poku 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHaemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell disorder and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency as well as differences in ABO blood groups have been shown to influence the risk of malaria and/or anaemia in malaria-endemic areas. This study assessed the effect of adding MNP containing iron to home-made weaning meals on anaemia and the risk of malaria in Ghanaian pre-school children with haemoglobinopathies and different ABO blood groups.MethodsThis study was a double-blind, randomly clustered trial conducted within six months among infants and young children aged 6 to 35 months in rural Ghana (775 clusters,n = 860). Participants were randomly selected into clusters to receive daily semiliquid home-prepared meals mixed with either micronutrient powder without iron (noniron group) or with iron (iron group; 12.5 mg of iron daily) for 5 months. Malaria infection was detected by microscopy, blood haemoglobin (Hb) levels were measured with a HemoCue Hb analyzer, the reversed ABO blood grouping microtube assay was performed, and genotyping was performed by PCR–RFLP analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of G6PD deficiency among the study participants was 11.2%. However, the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in hemizygous males (8.5%) was significantly higher than that in homozygous females (2.7%) (p = 0.005). The prevalence rates of sickle cell traits (HbAS and HbSC) and sickle cell disorder (HbSS) were 17.5% and 0.5%, respectively. Blood group O was dominant (41.4%), followed by blood group A (29.6%) and blood group B (23.3%), while blood group AB (5.7%) had the least frequency among the study participants. We observed that children on an iron supplement with HbAS had significantly moderate anaemia at the endline (EL) compared to the baseline level (BL) (p = 0.004). However, subjects with HbAS and HbAC and blood groups A and O in the iron group had a significantly increased number of malaria episodes at EL than at BL (p < 0.05). Furthermore, children in the iron group with HbSS (p < 0.001) and the noniron group with HbCC (p = 0.010) were significantly less likely to develop malaria.ConclusionsIron supplementation increased anaemia in children with HbAS genotypes and provided less protection against malaria in children with HbAC and AS and blood groups A and O.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01001871. Registered 27/10/2009.Registration number:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT01001871.
Local design and manufacturing of patient-specific implant using Anatomage Medical Design Studio software: proof of concept - Botswana’s 1st case report
Authors: Nkhwa Shathani , Montshiwa Thapelo , de Beer Deon , Booysen Gerrie , van den Heever Cules , Els Johan , Heydenrych Andre , Kebaetse Maikutlo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Botswana, like most sub-Sahara African nations, uses conventional orthopaedic implants that are sourced from major manufactures in the West. The implants are mass-produced and designed with universal configurations to fit an average patient. During surgery, surgeons thus sometimes bend the implants to match the individual bone anatomy, especially for paediatric patients and those with unique deformities, thus risking implant failure. The purpose of this project was to show the feasibility of developing safe and effective patient-specific orthopaedic implants in a low-resourced market.

Methods
CT Scan slice files of a paediatric patient with Ollier’s disease were used to reconstruct the lower limb anatomy. The resultant files were 3D printed into prototypes that showed severe right knee valgus deformity. The surgeon used the prototype to plan for corrective femoral osteotomy and the required implant. The implant design and planned surgery were subsequently simulated on the Medical Design Studio software for proper fitting before final implant printing. Surgery was then performed, followed by 12 weeks of physiotherapy.

Results
Post-surgical x-rays demonstrated good implant positioning and knee joint alignment. At 18 months of post-surgical follow-up, the child was pain-free, could perform full squats, and ambulation was near-normal, without the use of an assistive device.

Conclusions
It is feasible to develop effective, patient-specific implants for selected orthopaedic cases in a low-resourced country. This work could improve surgical and rehabilitation outcomes for selected paediatric patients and those with severe bone deformities.
Polygenic Pharmacogenomic Markers as Predictors of Toxicity Phenotypes in the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Larkin Trisha , Kashif Reema , Elsayed Abdelrahman H. , Greer Beate , Mangrola Karna , Rafiee Roya , Nguyen Nam , Shastri Vivek , Horn Biljana , Lamba Jatinder K. 
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent cause of childhood cancer and requires a long course of therapy consisting of three primary phases with interval intensification blocks. Although these phases are necessary to achieve remission, the primary chemotherapeutic agents have potentially serious toxicities, which may lead to delays or discontinuations of therapy. The purpose of this study was to perform a comprehensive pharmacogenomic evaluation of common antileukemic agents and develop a polygenic toxicity risk score predictive of the most common toxicities observed during ALL treatment. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 75 patients with pediatric ALL treated between 2012 and 2020 at the University of Florida. Toxicity data were collected within 100 days of initiation of therapy using CTCAE v4.0 for toxicity grading. For pharmacogenomic evaluation, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes were selected from previous reports or PharmGKB database. 116 unique SNPs were evaluated for incidence of various toxicities. A multivariable multi-SNP modeling for up to 3-SNP combination was performed to develop a polygenic toxicity risk score of prognostic value. RESULTS We identified several SNPs predictive of toxicity phenotypes in univariate analysis. Further multivariable SNP-SNP combination analysis suggest that susceptibility to chemotherapy-induced toxicities is likely multigenic in nature. For 3-SNPscore models, patients with high scores experienced increased risk of GI ( P = 2.07E-05, 3 SNPs: TYMS-rs151264360/FPGS-rs1544105/GSTM1-GSTM5-rs3754446), neurologic ( P = .0005, 3 SNPs: DCTD-rs6829021/SLC28A3-rs17343066/CTPS1-rs12067645), endocrine ( P = 4.77E-08, 3 SNPs: AKR1C3-rs1937840/TYMS-rs2853539/CTH-rs648743), and heme toxicities ( P = .053, 3 SNPs: CYP3A5-rs776746/ABCB1-rs4148737/CTPS1-rs12067645). CONCLUSION Our results imply that instead of a single-SNP approach, SNP-SNP combinations in multiple genes in drug pathways increases the robustness of prediction of toxicity. These results further provide promising SNP models that can help establish clinically relevant biomarkers allowing for greater individualization of cancer therapy to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity for each patient.
The Transmembrane Protein TM4SF3 Interacts With AR and AR-V7 and is Recruited to AR Target Genes
Authors: Khatiwada Prabesh , Rimal Ujjwal , Han Zhengyang , Malla Mamata , Zhou Jun , Shemshedini Lirim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProstate cancer transitions from an early treatable form to the lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Androgen receptor (AR) and constitutively active AR splice variants, such as AR-V7, may be major drivers of CRPC. Our laboratory recently identified a novel mechanism of AR regulation via the transmembrane protein transmembrane 4 superfamily 3 (TM4SF3), which exhibits a physical interaction, nuclear colocalization, and mutual stabilization with AR. Here, we have mapped the interaction domains within AR and TM4SF3 and discovered that TM4SF3 also physically interacts with AR-V7, regulating its protein stability and the viability of CRPC cells expressing AR-V7. Ubiquitination of TM4SF3 and AR-V7 was detected for the first time and TM4SF3 interaction with either AR or AR-V7 resulted in mutual deubiquitination of both proteins, showing that mutual stabilization results from deubiquitination. Interestingly, nuclear TM4SF3 was co-recruited to the promoters of AR- and AR-V7-regulated genes and required for their expression, showing that TM4SF3 interaction is critical for their transcriptional functions. The results collectively show the multiple critical regulatory functions of TM4SF3 on AR or AR-V7 in prostate cancer cells.
Unexpected phenotypic and molecular changes of combined glucocerebrosidase and acid sphingomyelinase deficiency
Authors: Keatinge Marcus , Gegg Matthew E. , Watson Lisa , Mortiboys Heather , Li Nan , Dunning Mark , Ailani Deepak , Bui Hai , van Rens Astrid , Lefeber Dirk J. , Schapira Anthony H. V. , MacDonald Ryan B. , Bandmann Oliver 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Heterozygous variants in GBA1, encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Moreover, sporadic PD patients also have a substantial reduction of GCase activity. Genetic variants of SMPD1 are also overrepresented in PD cohorts, whereas a reduction of its encoded enzyme (acid sphingomyelinase or ASM) activity is linked to an earlier age of PD onset. Despite both converging on the ceramide pathway, how the combined deficiencies of both enzymes might interact to modulate PD has yet to be explored. Therefore, we created a double-knockout (DKO) zebrafish line for both gba1 (or gba) and smpd1 to test for an interaction in vivo, hypothesising an exacerbation of phenotypes in the DKO line compared to those for single mutants. Unexpectedly, DKO zebrafish maintained conventional swimming behaviour and had normalised neuronal gene expression signatures compared to those of single mutants. We further identified rescue of mitochondrial Complexes I and IV in DKO zebrafish. Despite having an unexpected rescue effect, our results confirm ASM as a modifier of GBA1 deficiency in vivo. Our study highlights the need for validating how genetic variants and enzymatic deficiencies may interact in vivo.
Feasibility and Safety of Tailored Lymphadenectomy Using Sentinel Node-Navigated Surgery in Patients with High-Risk T1 Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Frederiks Charlotte N. , Overwater Anouk , Bergman Jacques J. G. H. M. , Pouw Roos E. , de Keizer Bart , Bennink Roel J. , Brosens Lodewijk A. A. , Meijer Sybren L. , van Hillegersberg Richard , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I. , Ruurda Jelle P. , Gisbertz Suzanne S. , Weusten Bas L. A. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Selective lymphadenectomy using sentinel node-navigated surgery (SNNS) might offer a less invasive alternative to esophagectomy in patients with high-risk T1 esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new treatment strategy, consisting of radical endoscopic resection of the tumor followed by SNNS.

Methods
In this multicenter pilot study, ten patients with a radically resected high-risk pT1cN0 EAC underwent SNNS. A hybrid tracer of technetium-99m nanocolloid and indocyanine green was injected endoscopically around the resection scar the day before surgery, followed by preoperative imaging. During surgery, sentinel nodes (SNs) were identified using a thoracolaparoscopic gammaprobe and fluorescence-based detection, and subsequently resected. Endpoints were surgical morbidity and number of detected and resected (tumor-positive) SNs.

Results
Localization and dissection of SNs was feasible in all ten patients (median 3 SNs per patient, range 1–6). The concordance between preoperative imaging and intraoperative detection was high. In one patient (10%), dissection was considered incomplete after two SNs were not identified intraoperatively. Additional peritumoral SNs were resected in four patients (40%) after fluorescence-based detection. In two patients (20%), a (micro)metastasis was found in one of the resected SNs. One patient experienced neuropathic thoracic pain related to surgery, while none of the patients developed functional gastroesophageal disorders.

Conclusions
SNNS appears to be a feasible and safe instrument to tailor lymphadenectomy in patients with high-risk T1 EAC. Future research with long-term follow-up is warranted to determine whether this esophageal preserving strategy is justified for high-risk T1 EAC.