bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Largest comparative analysis: Novel large spot size 595 nm, high‐energy, pulsed dye laser reduces number of treatments for improvement of adult and pediatric port wine birthmarks
Authors: Sodha Pooja , Wang Jordan V. , Aboul‐Fettouh Nader , Martin Katherine , Geronemus Roy G. , Friedman Paul M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivePort wine birthmarks (PWBs) are vascular malformations affecting 0.3%–0.5% of newborns with the tendency to persist into adulthood without adequate treatment of the heterogenous ectatic vessels. This study compares treatment outcomes and parameters of the prior generation pulsed dye laser (PPDL) and the larger spot novel generation pulsed dye laser (NPDL) to establish whether a larger spot size laser provides greater clearance with fewer treatments.MethodsOne hundred and sixty patients were treated with either the PPDL (80 patients) and NPDL (80 patients) with retrospective review of age, body site, laser treatment parameters, number of treatments, and improvement following laser therapy.ResultsPatients treated with PPDL were older on average than patients treated with NPDL (mean 24.8 ± 19.7 vs. mean 17.1± 19.3 years, p < 0.05). The majority of lesions treated with PPDL were located on the face and neck, whereas truncal and extremity sites were more frequently treated with the NPDL. Use of NPDL was associated with a mean maximum spot size of 13.1 mm and mean maximum fluence of 7.3 J/cm2 with pulse durations of 0.45–3 ms, whereas use of the PPDL was associated with a mean spot size of 10.8 mm and mean maximum fluence of 8.8 J/cm2 with pulse durations of 0.45–6 ms. Fifty percent improvement was seen with 8.8 PPDL treatments compared to 4.3 NPDL treatments (p ≤ 0.01) with no significant difference in overall mean improvement between both devices at the chosen parameters. Multiple regression analysis showed that device type, not age or lesion location, was the only statistically significant independent variable to affect the endpoint of at least 50% improvement of the lesion.ConclusionsUse of the larger spot NPDL is associated with achieving 50% improvement with fewer treatments.
Mitochondria Targeted Nanoparticles Potentiate Tumor Chemo‐Phototherapy by Toxic Oxidative Stress Mediated Oxeiptosis
Authors: Lu Zhuoting , Li Jingyu , Chen Baohong , Feng Jiayu , Hu Qinglian , Jin Yuanxiang , Fu Zhengwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsufficient accumulation of drug at the tumor site and the low drug response are the main reason for the unsatisfactory effect of cancer therapy. Delivery drugs exquisitely to subcellular level can be employed to reduce side effects, and expand the therapeutic window. Herein, a triphenylphosphine (TPP) modified lipid nanoparticles is designed which are loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapeutic paclitaxel (PTX) for mitochondria‐targeted chemo‐phototherapy. Owing to the movement of majority mitochondria along microtubules in cytoplasm, mitochondrial targeting may enable PTX to act more effectively. Meanwhile, the existence of chemo‐drug potentiates the phototherapy to achieve synergistic anti‐tumor activity. As expected, mitochondria targeting nanomedicine (M‐ICG‐PTX NPs) showed improved mitochondria targeted cellular distribution and enhanced cell cytotoxicity in vitro. Also, M‐ICG‐PTX NPs exhibited higher tumor growth inhibition ability by promoting cell apoptosis and oxeiptosis pathway, and high effective inhibition of primary tumor growth and tumor metastasis. Taken together, M‐ICG‐PTX NPs may be promising nanoplatforms to achieve potent therapeutic effect for the combination of chemo‐ and photo‐therapy (PTT).
Social credit and corporate leverage: Evidence from a natural experiment in China
Authors: Sun Nan , Tao Yunqing , Leng Xuan , Li Jiaxuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe rapid growth of leverage is one of the risk factors for China's economy. To explore social credit's impact on corporate leverage's growth rate, we conduct the staggered difference‐in‐difference (DID) approach based on a quasi‐natural experiment of the social credit system reform. Our findings indicate that social credit significantly suppresses the growth rate of corporate leverage, which remains robust after some robustness checks. In addition, this effect can be attributed to alleviating agency costs and information asymmetry. Finally, our analysis reveals that the above effects are significant only for firms with poor corporate governance, high bankruptcy risk, low investment efficiency, and a low proportion of tangible assets. In summary, our study provides micro‐level evidence on the economic consequences of social credit system reform in China and policy insights on how the government can effectively control the growth rate of corporate leverage to prevent risk.
Dielectric, AC conductivity, and complex impedance spectroscopy studies of Ti2CTx MXene reinforced polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites
Authors: Panda Subhasree , Deshmukh Kalim , Pasha S. K. Khadheer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein, Ti2CTx MXene‐Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite films with different weight percent (wt%) of MXene loadings were successfully prepared using the facile solution casting method. The structural, morphological, optical, thermal, and tensile properties of the nanocomposite films were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, Raman, SEM, UV–Vis spectroscopy, TG‐DTA, mechanical tests, and so forth. The variation in dielectric constant, loss tangent, and AC conductivity of the nanocomposite films was analyzed in the range of 1 Hz to 10 MHz with the variation of temperature (30–150°C) and MXene concentrations (5–20 wt%) using impedance spectroscopy. The nanocomposite films showed a very high dielectric constant in the range of ~105 for lower frequency and very low dielectric loss in the range of 0–1 for higher frequency (100 kHz–10 MHz). The dielectric constant, loss tangent, and AC conductivity values increased at a certain temperature and further decreased with increase in temperature. The increase in filler concentration increased the values of these investigated electrical parameters but at a concentration of 20 wt%, the nanocomposite films reached the percolation limit, and hence a slight reduction in the dielectric properties was noticed. Moreover, the complex impedance spectroscopy studies of the nanocomposite films were also carried out and their corresponding circuit diagrams were fitted according to the obtained cole‐cole plots.
Extracellular vesicles arising from apoptosis: forms, functions, and applications
Authors: Gregory Christopher D , Rimmer Michael P 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer‐enclosed subcellular bodies produced by most, if not all cells. Research over the last two decades has recognised the importance of EVs in intercellular communication and horizontal transfer of biological material. EVs range in diameter from tens of nanometres up to several micrometres and are able to transfer a spectrum of biologically active cargoes – from whole organelles, through macromolecules including nucleic acids and proteins, to metabolites and small molecules – from their cells of origin to recipient cells, which may consequently become physiologically or pathologically altered. Based on their modes of biogenesis, the most renowned EV classes are (1) microvesicles, (2) exosomes (both produced by healthy cells), and (3) EVs from cells undergoing regulated death by apoptosis (ApoEVs). Microvesicles bud directly from the plasma membrane, while exosomes are derived from endosomal compartments. Current knowledge of the formation and functional properties of ApoEVs lags behind that of microvesicles and exosomes, but burgeoning evidence indicates that ApoEVs carry manifold cargoes, including mitochondria, ribosomes, DNA, RNAs, and proteins, and perform diverse functions in health and disease. Here we review this evidence, which demonstrates substantial diversity in the luminal and surface membrane cargoes of ApoEVs, permitted by their very broad size range (from around 50 nm to >5 μm; the larger often termed apoptotic bodies), strongly suggests their origins through both microvesicle‐ and exosome‐like biogenesis pathways, and indicates routes through which they interact with recipient cells. We discuss the capacity of ApoEVs to recycle cargoes and modulate inflammatory, immunological, and cell fate programmes in normal physiology and in pathological scenarios such as cancer and atherosclerosis. Finally, we provide a perspective on clinical applications of ApoEVs in diagnostics and therapeutics. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, post‐treatment sexual dysfunction and persistent genital arousal disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Tarchi Livio , Merola Giuseppe Pierpaolo , Baccaredda‐Boy Ottone , Arganini Francesca , Cassioli Emanuele , Rossi Eleonora , Maggi Mario , Baldwin David S. , Ricca Valdo , Castellini Giovanni 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeAdverse effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on sexual function have been an important area of research for many years. However, the duration of SSRI‐associated sexual adverse effects, and their possible persistence after treatment discontinuation, is still uncertain. The aims of the current systematic review were first to identify existing evidence of sexual dysfunction following SSRI discontinuation, and to provide an account of reported symptoms and proposed treatment options; and second, to establish whether current literature allows accurate estimates of the prevalence of such sexual dysfunction.MethodsA systematic review was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar; papers with clinical data regarding patients with persistent sexual dysfunction after SSRI treatment suspension were included.ResultsOverall, two retrospective interventional studies, six observational studies and 11 case reports were judged eligible for inclusion. It was not possible to determine reliable estimates of prevalence. Similarly, a cause‐effect relationship between SSRI exposure and persistent sexual impairment could not be ascertained. Nonetheless, the potential for continued sexual disturbances despite discontinuation could not be entirely ruled out.ConclusionsThere is a need to investigate a possible dose–response relationship between SSRI exposure and persistent sexual adverse effects. Treatment options for persistent dysfunctions remain limited, but novel therapeutic approaches may be required in order to address an otherwise neglected need for sexual well‐being.
Modified lung ultrasound score for bronchopulmonary dysplasia predicts late respiratory outcomes in preterm infants
Authors: Shen Jieru , Du Yang , Sun Yinghua , Huang Xiangyuan , Zhou Jianguo , Chen Chao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveLung ultrasound (LUS) is a useful and radiation‐free diagnostic tool for predicting bronchopulmonary dysplasia, which is a risk factor for late respiratory disease. However, data on the relationship of LUS with late respiratory disease was scarce. This study aims to determine whether LUS is associated with late respiratory disease during early childhood.MethodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation. LUS was performed at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. The predictive values of a modified lung ultrasound (mLUS) score based on eight standard sections were assessed to predict late respiratory disease, defined as a physician diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia deterioration, asthma, reactive airway disease, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or respiratory‐related hospitalization during the first 2 years of life.ResultsA total of 94 infants completed follow‐up, of whom 74.5% met the late respiratory disease criteria. The mLUS scores were significantly associated with late respiratory disease (adjusted odds ratio: 1.23, CI: 1.10–1.38, p < 0.001). The mLUS scores also well predicted late respiratory disease (AUC = 0.820, 95% CI: 0.733–0.907). These scores were superior to the classic lung ultrasound score (p = 0.02) and as accurate as the modified NICHD‐defined bronchopulmonary dysplasia classification (p = 0.91). A mLUS score ≥14 was the optimal cutoff point for predicting late respiratory disease.ConclusionThe modified lung ultrasound score correlates significantly with late respiratory disease and well predicts it in preterm infants during the first 2 years of life.
Prevalence of tracheobronchomalacia is higher than previously reported in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Depiazzi Julie , Bourke Crystal , Stick Stephen , Withers Adelaide 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is estimated to be present in 1 in 2100 children. Previous reports suggest the prevalence is higher in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). This has clinical implications with potential to influence airway clearance and lung health.AimTo determine the prevalence and clinical associations of TBM in Western Australian children with CF.MethodsChildren with CF born between 2001 and 2016 were included. Operation reports from bronchoscopies performed until the age of 4 were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected on the presence, persistence defined as a repeat diagnosis, and severity of TBM. Data on genotype, pancreatic status, and symptoms at CF diagnosis were extracted from the medical record. Associations between categorical variables were compared using χ2 and Fisher's exact test.ResultsOf 167 children (79 male), 68 (41%) were diagnosed with TBM at least once, with TBM persistent in 37 (22%) and severe in 31 (19%). TBM was significantly associated with pancreatic insufficiency (χ2 = 7.874, p < 0.05, odds ratio [OR] 3.4), delta F508 gene mutation (χ2 = 6.489, p < 0.05, OR 2.3), and a presentation of meconium ileus (χ2 = 8.615, p < 0.05, OR 5.0). Severe malacia was less likley in females (χ2 = 4.523, p < 0.05, OR 0.42) . No significant relationship was found with respiratory symptoms at the time of CF diagnosis (χ2 = 0.742, p = 0.39).ConclusionsTBM was common in this group of children under the age of 4 with CF. A high index of suspicion for airway malacia should be considered in children with CF, particularly those who present with meconium ileus and have gastrointestinal symptoms at diagnosis.
A systematic review of southern rice black‐streaked dwarf virus in the age of omics
Authors: Wu Zilin , Luo Dan , Zhang Shanqi , Zhang Chun , Zhang Yong , Chen Moxian , Li Xiangyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSouthern rice black‐streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is one of the most damaging rice viruses. The virus decreases rice quality and yield, and poses a serious threat to food security. From this perspective, this review performed a survey of published studies in recent years to understand the current status of SRBSDV and white‐backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) transmission processes in rice. Recent studies have shown that the interactions between viral virulence proteins and rice susceptibility factors shape the transmission of SRBSDV. Moreover, the transmission of SRBSDV is influenced by the interactions between viral virulence proteins and S. furcifera susceptibility factors. This review focused on the molecular mechanisms of key genes or proteins associated with SRBSDV infection in rice via the S. furcifera vector, and the host defense response mechanisms against viral infection. A sustainable control strategy using RNAi was summarized to address this pest. Finally, we also present a model for screening anti‐SRBSDV inhibitors using viral proteins as targets. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Mode‐of‐action of the natural herbicide radulanin A as an inhibitor of photosystem II
Authors: Thuillier Simon , Viola Stefania , Lockett‐Walters Bruce , Nay Bastien , Bailleul Benjamin , Baudouin Emmanuel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRadulanin A is a natural 2,5‐dihydrobenzoxepin synthesized by several liverworts of the Radula genus. Breakthroughs in the total synthesis of radulanin A paved the way for the discovery of its phytotoxic activity. Nevertheless, its mode‐of‐action (MoA) has remained unknown so far and thus was investigated, in Arabidopsis thaliana.RESULTSRadulanin A phytotoxicity was associated with cell death and partially depended on light exposure. Photosynthesis measurements based on chlorophyll‐a fluorescence evidenced that radulanin A and a Radula chromene inhibited photosynthetic electron transport with IC50 of 95 and 100 μm, respectively. We established a strong correlation between inhibition of photosynthesis and phytotoxicity for a range of radulanin A analogs. Based on these data, we also determined that radulanin A phytotoxicity was abolished when the hydroxyl group was modified, and was modulated by the presence of the heterocycle and its aliphatic chain. Thermoluminescence studies highlighted that radulanin A targeted the QB site of the Photosystem II (PSII) with a similar MoA as 3‐(3,4‐dichloropheny)‐1,1‐dimethylurea (DCMU).CONCLUSIONWe establish that radulanin A targets PSII, expanding QB sites inhibitors to bibenzyl compounds. The identification of an easy‐to‐synthesize analog of radulanin A with similar MoA and efficiency might be useful for future herbicide development. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Exploring bilateral pneumothorax leading to a rare diagnosis in a young lady
Authors: Bandara Harshana , Madegedara Dushantha 
Published: June 2023

Key messageBilateral pneumothorax is a rare occurrence and vigilant clinical examination is mandatory to suspect that during the presentation. This case illustrates a young lady presented with bilateral pneumothorax, new identification of lung cysts and chylous pleural effusion leading to diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Practical exponential stability of hybrid impulsive stochastic functional differential systems with delayed impulses
Authors: Yang Bo , Ma Weijun , Zheng Yuanshi 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the problem of practical exponential stability for hybrid impulsive stochastic functional differential systems with delayed impulses, which comprise three classes of systems: the systems with unstable continuous stochastic dynamics and stable discrete dynamics, the systems with stable continuous stochastic dynamics and unstable discrete dynamics, and the systems where both the continuous stochastic dynamics and the discrete dynamics are stable. By using the Lyapunov‐Razumikhin approach, several new sufficient conditions for the practical exponential stability are established for each class of systems. It shows that the stabilizing and destabilizing delayed impulses that satisfy some conditions on their frequency and amplitude can stabilize the systems with unstable continuous stochastic dynamics in the practical exponential stability sense and ensure the practical exponential stability of the systems with stable continuous stochastic dynamics, respectively. Conversely, if the continuous stochastic dynamics are practically exponentially stable and the delayed impulses are stabilizing, then the systems can be practically exponentially stable regardless of the restrictions on the delayed impulses frequency and amplitude. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the results.
The Impact of a Novel Digital Sun Protection Campaign on Sun-Related Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Porter Emma , Rafferty Siobhan , Dolan Michelle , McMahon David , Sheikhi Ali , Field Sinead , Power Evelyn 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
13 000 cases of skin cancer are diagnosed annually in Ireland, with ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure the strongest risk factor. Public health primary prevention campaigns focus on encouraging safe sun protective measures and skin cancer awareness. We designed a novel, digitally-animated hospital-based campaign targeting all aspects of sun-protective behaviour.

Objectives
To explore the sun-protective attitudes and behaviours of healthcare workers, and the effect of a digital hospital-based campaign on these findings.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional prospective observational study involving hospital staff across the six hospitals that form the University of Limerick Hospital Group (ULHG). A two-phase online survey, the first taking place before campaign launch, and the second upon campaign completion. The digital campaign was displayed across all hospital sites from June to September 2021. Surveys comprised questions on sun-related attitudes and behaviours, including the internationally validated Sun Exposure Protection Index (SEPI) questionnaire.

Results
Eight hundred fifty-seven staff members completed survey 1 and 704 completed survey 2; 90% in each were female; 79% were aged 25–54; 71% reported skin types I–III. Best sun-protective habits pre-campaign included sunscreen use and avoiding sunburn, while wearing hats, protective clothing and seeking shade were least adopted. For 177 matched participants, there were small improvements in SEPI scores. SEPI Part 1 scores, reflecting improved risk behaviour, pre-campaign had a median of 11 (IQR 7), and 11 (IQR 6) post campaign. SEPI Part 2 scores, reflecting readiness to adopt sun-protective behaviours, improved from median 7 (IQR 8) to 6 (IQR 6). Post-campaign, small improvements were seen across some individual sun-protective behaviours and attitudes, particularly reducing time spent in the midday sun and on sun-seeking holidays, and improved readiness to seek shade and reduce sunbathing; 79% of all respondents post-campaign (n = 556) reported raised skin cancer awareness, and 65% (n = 458) said it influenced them to discuss sun protection with others.

Conclusions
Positive improvements in attitudes and behaviours related to sun protection were seen following the digital campaign in this population of healthcare workers. These improvements along with increased willingness to discuss sun protection with others, including patients, has the potential to further benefit wider society, and supports future digital health promotion initiatives.
Efficient Synthesis of Highly Substituted N‐Arylamino quinolone‐based Pyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyridines and Pyrazolone‐based Pyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyridines Through a One‐Pot Three‐Component Reaction
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Moterassed Reihaneh , Rostampoor Azar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this research, a simple and efficient strategy for the straightforward synthesis of multisubstituted N‐arylamino quinolone‐based pyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyridine derivatives and pyrazolone‐based pyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyridine derivatives is presented by a sequential three‐component reaction of α‐aminomaleimides, 2‐chloroquinoline‐3‐carbaldehyde/5‐chloro‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbaldehyde and malononitrile/ethyl 2‐cyanoacetate as readily available starting materials in EtOH at room temperature. The merit of this sequential Michael addition/intramolecular cyclization is highlighted by its high energy conserving (short reaction times at room temperature) excellent yields, metal‐free catalyst, and green and mild conditions in a one‐pot reaction. With this synthesis, group‐assistant‐purification (GAP) chemistry can be simplified by eliminating chromatography and recrystallization, and the pure products can be obtained by washing the crude products with 95 % ethanol. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic data IR, MS, 1H, and 13C NMR analysis.