bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of laser acupuncture on pain and density of bone in osteoporotic postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hassan Elham S. , Maged Ahmed Mohamed , Kotb Amal , Fouad Mona , El-Nassery Noura , Kamal Wafaa M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the value of laser acupuncture (LA) on forearm bone mineral density (BMD) and wrist pain in osteoporotic postmenopausal women.

Methods
Sixty-eight postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis were randomly allocated equally to one of two sets. The drug-only group received calcium and vitamin D3 supplement containing fluoride daily for 12 weeks, whereas the drug/LA group received LA therapy for 20 minutes per session, three sessions weekly, in addition to the same supplementation. The primary outcome parameter was assessment of BMD of the nondominant arm. Other outcomes included wrist pain.

Results
There was a highly significant improvement in the T-score of forearm BMD in both groups (−2.844 ± 0.476 to −2.597 ± 0.478 and −2.944 ± 0.486 to −1.652 ± 0.728 in the drug-only and drug/LA groups, respectively; P < 0.0001) and visual analog scale score (7.50 ± 0.79 to 4.24 ± 1.07 and 7.24 ± 0.82 to 3.09 ± 0.75 in the drug-only and drug/LA group, respectively; P < 0.0001). The improvement of both BMD and pain score was significantly higher in the drug/LA group (−1.303 and 4.15) compared with the drug-only group (−0.247 and 3.26; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
LA in combination with calcium and vitamin D supplementation containing fluoride is an effective modality in improving forearm BMD and reducing pain in osteoporotic postmenopausal women.
Controlling Nutritional Status score and postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Kose Caner , Korpe Busra , Ibanoglu Mujdecan , Sahin Busra , Engin Ustun Yaprak 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study investigated the association between CONUT score and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods
Postmenopausal women who were seen at an outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital for routine gynecologic examination between January 2017 and June 2022 were included in the study. Based on their T-scores, a total of 423 women were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 216 women with osteoporosis (T-score < −2.5 SD), and group 2 included 207 women with normal bone mineral density (T-score > −1 SD). The formula for the CONUT score corresponds to collection of scores from albumin, total cholesterol, and total lymphocyte count. Higher scores indicate poorer nutritional control.

Results
Mean age and mean age at menopause were similar in both groups. The duration of menopause, however, was higher in the women with osteoporosis (11.55 ± 6.82 vs 9.202 ± 6.14 y, P < 0.001). The 25-hydroxy vitamin D level was low in both groups. Body mass index of women with normal bone mineral density was higher than that of women with osteoporosis (31.54 ± 4.19 vs 28.52 ± 4.43 kg/m2, P < 0.001). The CONUT scores of the two groups were calculated and found to be higher in women with osteoporosis (3.180 ± 1.804 vs 0.391 ± 0.687, P < 0.001). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the CONUT score for predicting osteoporosis, the area under the curve was calculated as 0.932, with a sensitivity of 86.6% and a specificity of 91.1% (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Diet plays an important role in the development of osteoporosis. In this study, it was shown that there is a relationship between CONUT score and osteoporosis.
The Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury of Adolescents With Depressive Disorder in China
Authors: Niu Hui-Ming , Zhang Zi-Ming , Mu Xiao-Mei , Zhao Hai-Jing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study is a systematic review of characteristics and influencing factors of nonsuicidal self-injury behavior among adolescents with depressive disorder in China. PubMed, CNKI, WanFang Database, and VIP were searched for studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Nineteen studies involving 707 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. Age, gender, only child or not, and residence were included in the analysis, of which age (I
2 = 0%, p = 0.42) and residence (I
2 = 0%, p = 0.84) were analyzed by fixed-effects model; gender (I
2 = 75%, p = 0.003) and only child or not (I
2 = 50%, p = 0.140) were analyzed by random-effects model. The evidence shows that, according to the common self-injury mode and location, the nonsuicidal self-injury behavior of young people with depressive disorder aged 15–18 years is paid attention to and guided, so as to achieve early detection and early diagnosis and treatment, and reduce the occurrence of serious harm.
Associations of HPV-16 Gene Methylation With Oral HPV-16 Persistence Among a Multinational Sample of Men
Authors: Islam Jessica Y. , Bettampadi Deepti , Reich Richard R. , Nedjai Belinda , Giuliano Anna R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Using data from the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection in Men cohort study, we demonstrate HPV-16 methylation associations with persistent oral HPV infection, the obligate precursor to oropharyngeal cancer. Human papillomavirus type 16 persistence was significantly associated with methylation of HPV-16 L2 CpG-4268 (Wilcoxon P = 0.04), and methylation of HPV-16 E2 CpG Pos 4 (Wilcoxon P = 0.04).
National Chlamydia Screening Rate in Young Sexually Active Women Using HEDIS Measures in the United States, 2011 to 2020
Authors: He Larry , Patel Chirag , Tao Guoyu 
Published: March 2023

Background
National guidelines recommend sexually active women younger than 25 years be screened annually for chlamydia. Our objective was to estimate the chlamydia screening rate of sexually active women aged 16 to 24 years from 2011 to 2020.

Methods
We analyzed the chlamydia screening rates among sexually active women aged 16 to 24 years from 2011 to 2020 using the chlamydia measures in the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set data set. The annual national chlamydia screening rates were further stratified by census region and by patient age.

Results
Chlamydia screening rates among sexually active women aged 16 to 24 years ranged from 55.0% to 61.8% in Medicaid health plans and from 46.9% to 52.4% in commercial health plans during 2011–2020. The Northeast consistently had the highest screening rates among 4 geographic regions. The chlamydia screening rate among sexually active women aged 16 to 24 years decreased from 2019 to 2020: from 61.8% to 57.9% in Medicaid plans and from 52.4% to 48.4% in commercial health plans. The number of sexually active women aged 16 to 24 years covered by commercial health plans decreased from 2019 to 2020, but the number covered by Medicaid increased from 2019 to 2020.

Conclusions
The chlamydia screening rates in the target population have increased little from 2011 to 2019. The decrease in chlamydia screening rates between 2019 and 2020 could be related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the reduced use of health services during that period. With recently suboptimal chlamydia screening rates in the United States, interventions of improving and assessing chlamydia screening rates are needed.
Clustering of SARS-CoV-2 in Households in New York City: A Building-Level Analysis, March-December 2020
Authors: Gulley Catherine , Kepler Kelsey L. , Ngai Stephanie , Waechter HaeNa , Fitzhenry Robert , Thompson Corinne N. , Fine Anne , Reddy Vasudha 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
To identify the proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases that occurred within households or buildings in New York City (NYC) beginning in March 2020 during the first stay-at-home order to determine transmission attributable to these settings and inform targeted prevention strategies.

Design:
The residential addresses of cases were geocoded (converting descriptive addresses to latitude and longitude coordinates) and used to identify clusters of cases residing in unique buildings based on building identification number (BIN), a unique building identifier. Household clusters were defined as 2 or more cases within 2 weeks of onset or diagnosis date in the same BIN with the same unit number, last name, or in a single-family home. Building clusters were defined as 3 or more cases with onset date or diagnosis date within 2 weeks in the same BIN who do not reside in the same household.

Setting:
NYC from March to December 2020.

Participants:
NYC residents with a positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification or antigen test result with a specimen collected during March 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020.

Main Outcome Measure:
The proportion of NYC COVID-19 cases in a household or building cluster.

Results:
The BIN analysis identified 65 343 building and household clusters: 17 139 (26%) building clusters and 48 204 (74%) household clusters. A substantial proportion of NYC COVID-19 cases (43%) were potentially attributable to household transmission in the first 9 months of the pandemic.

Conclusions:
Geocoded address matching assisted in identifying COVID-19 household clusters. Close contact transmission within a household or building cluster was found in 43% of noncongregate cases with a valid residential NYC address. The BIN analysis should be utilized to identify disease clustering for improved surveillance.
Carotid Plaque Diagnosis With 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography: A Comparison With Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Plaque Diagnosis
Authors: Omi Tatsuo , Hayakawa Motoharu , Adachi Kazuhide , Ohba Shigeo , Sadato Akiyo , Hasebe Akiko , Ishihara Takuma , Nakahara Ichiro , Hirose Yuichi 
Published: March 2023

Objective
Although a qualitative diagnosis of plaque causing carotid stenosis has been attempted with carotid computed tomography angiography (CaCTA), no clear findings have been reported. We examined the correlation between the plaque CT values and plaque images obtained by magnetic resonance imaging to derive a qualitative diagnosis of the plaque using CaCTA.

Methods
Preoperative CaCTA images acquired from patients stented for carotid stenosis were retrospectively analyzed with respect to magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo and time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography data. Carotid plaques in the stenosed region were quantified in terms of CT density and the plaque/muscle ratio (magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo), and correlations between these 2 features were determined. Plaques were classified as stable or unstable based on the plaque/muscle ratio, with the smallest plaque/muscle ratio observed among plaques positive for intraplaque hemorrhage set as the cutoff value (1.76).

Results
A total of 165 patients (179 plaques) were included. Perioperative complications included minor stroke (n = 3), major stroke (n = 1, fatal), and hyperperfusion (n = 2). The correlation between CT density and the plaque/muscle ratio was nonlinear (P = 0.0139) and negative (P < 0.0001). The cutoff point (1.76) corresponded to a CT density of 83 HU, supporting this value as a standard reference for plaque stability.

Conclusions
Computed tomography density exhibits a nonlinear (P = 0.0139) and highly negative correlation (P < 0.0001) with the plaque/muscle ratio. Our results demonstrate that plaque characteristics can be meaningfully diagnosed based on CaCTA image data.
A Characterization of Deep Learning Reconstruction Applied to Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Monochromatic and Material Basis Images
Authors: Nikolau Ethan P. , Toia Giuseppe V. , Nett Brian , Tang Jie , Szczykutowicz Timothy P. 
Published: March 2023

Objective
Advancements in computed tomography (CT) reconstruction have enabled image quality improvements and dose reductions. Previous advancements have included iterative and model-based reconstruction. The latest image reconstruction advancement uses deep learning, which has been evaluated for polychromatic imaging only. This article characterizes a commercially available deep learning imaging reconstruction applied to dual-energy CT.

Methods
Monochromatic, iodine basis, and water basis images were reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP), iterative (ASiR-V), and deep learning (DLIR) methods in a phantom experiment. Slice thickness, contrast-to-noise ratio, modulation transfer function, and noise power spectrum metrics were used to characterize ASiR-V and DLIR relative to FBP over a range of dose levels, phantom sizes, and iodine concentrations.

Results
Slice thicknesses for ASiR-V and DLIR demonstrated no statistically significant difference relative to FBP for all measurement conditions. Contrast-to-noise ratio performance for DLIR-high and ASiR-V 40% at 2 mg I/mL on 40-keV images were 162% and 30% higher than FBP, respectively. Task-based modulation transfer function measurements demonstrated no clinically significant change between FBP and ASiR-V and DLIR on monochromatic or iodine basis images.

Conclusions
Deep learning image reconstruction enabled better image quality at lower monochromatic energies and on iodine basis images where image contrast is maximized relative to polychromatic or high-energy monochromatic images. Deep learning image reconstruction did not demonstrate thicker slices, decreased spatial resolution, or poor noise texture (ie, “plastic”) relative to FBP.
Lung Cancer in Lung Transplant Recipients: Clinical, Radiologic, and Pathologic Characteristics and Treatment Outcome
Authors: Tseng Shu-Chi , Gagne Staci M. , Hatabu Hiroto , Lin Gigin , Sholl Lynette M. , Nishino Mizuki 
Published: March 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate clinical and radiologic characteristics of lung cancer in lung transplant recipients and evaluate the treatment course and prognosis.

Methods
The study included 448 patients who underwent lung transplant between 2005 and 2021. All patients had pretransplant chest computed tomography (CT), 429 patients had posttransplant CT, whereas 19 had no posttransplant CT (median number of posttransplant CT, 6; range, 0–24). Medical records of these patients were reviewed to identify patients who developed lung cancer after lung transplant. Computed tomography and positron emission tomography/CT at the time of lung cancer diagnoses were reviewed to obtain imaging features. Demographics, tumor histology, stages, and survival were compared using Fisher exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results
Among 448 lung transplant recipients with a median follow-up of 71.3 months after lung transplant, 15 patients (3.3%) developed posttransplant lung cancer (13 unilateral, 2 bilateral; 10 men, 5 women; median age, 63.1 years; median time from transplantation to cancer diagnosis, 3.1 years). Twelve cancers were in native lung, and 3 were in transplanted lung. The incidence of lung cancer was higher in single lung transplant recipients than in bilateral lung transplant recipients (10.3% vs 0.6%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Imaging manifestations varied according to tumor stages. Among 12 patients treated for lung cancer, 2 patients developed posttreatment acute respiratory distress syndrome. The median survival from cancer diagnosis of cancer was 6.2 months.

Conclusions
Posttransplant lung cancer was noted in 3% of lung transplant recipients and was more common in unilateral transplant recipients. The prognosis upon diagnosis was poor with rapid clinical deterioration and serious posttreatment complications.
Predicting the Risk of Thymic Tumors Using Texture Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Chest Computed Tomography
Authors: Guo Wei , Liu Jianfang , Wang Xiaohua , Yuan Huishu 
Published: March 2023

Objective
This study aimed to explore the value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography texture features for predicting the risk of malignant thymic epithelial tumor.

Methods
Data of 97 patients with pathologically confirmed thymic epithelial tumors treated at in our hospital from March 2015 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the World Health Organization classification of thymic epithelial tumors, patients were divided into a high-risk group (types B2, B3, and C; n = 45) and a low-risk group (types A, AB, and B1; n = 52). Texture analysis was performed using a first-order, gray-level histogram method. Six features were evaluated: mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, energy, and entropy. The association between contrast-enhanced computed tomography texture features and the risk of malignancy in thymic epithelial tumors was analyzed. The predictive thresholds of predictive texture features were determined by receiver operating characteristics analysis.

Results
The mean, skewness, and entropy were significantly greater in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group (P < 0.05); however, variance, kurtosis, and energy were comparable in the two groups (P > 0.05). The area under curve of mean, skewness, and entropy was 0.670, 0.760, and 0.880, respectively. The optimal cutoff value of entropy for predicting risk of malignancy was 7.74, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 80.0%, 80.0%, and 75%, respectively

Conclusions
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography texture features, especially entropy, may be a useful tool to predict the risk of malignancy in thymic epithelial tumors.
Artificial Intelligence–enabled Decision Support in Surgery
Authors: Loftus Tyler J. , Altieri Maria S. , Balch Jeremy A. , Abbott Kenneth L. , Choi Jeff , Marwaha Jayson S. , Hashimoto Daniel A. , Brat Gabriel A. , Raftopoulos Yannis , Evans Heather L. , Jackson Gretchen P. , Walsh Danielle S. , Tignanelli Christopher J. 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To summarize state-of-the-art artificial intelligence–enabled decision support in surgery and to quantify deficiencies in scientific rigor and reporting.

Background:
To positively affect surgical care, decision-support models must exceed current reporting guideline requirements by performing external and real-time validation, enrolling adequate sample sizes, reporting model precision, assessing performance across vulnerable populations, and achieving clinical implementation; the degree to which published models meet these criteria is unknown.

Methods:
Embase, PubMed, and MEDLINE databases were searched from their inception to September 21, 2022 for articles describing artificial intelligence–enabled decision support in surgery that uses preoperative or intraoperative data elements to predict complications within 90 days of surgery. Scientific rigor and reporting criteria were assessed and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines.

Results:
Sample size ranged from 163–2,882,526, with 8/36 articles (22.2%) featuring sample sizes of less than 2000; 7 of these 8 articles (87.5%) had below-average (<0.83) area under the receiver operating characteristic or accuracy. Overall, 29 articles (80.6%) performed internal validation only, 5 (13.8%) performed external validation, and 2 (5.6%) performed real-time validation. Twenty-three articles (63.9%) reported precision. No articles reported performance across sociodemographic categories. Thirteen articles (36.1%) presented a framework that could be used for clinical implementation; none assessed clinical implementation efficacy.

Conclusions:
Artificial intelligence–enabled decision support in surgery is limited by reliance on internal validation, small sample sizes that risk overfitting and sacrifice predictive performance, and failure to report confidence intervals, precision, equity analyses, and clinical implementation. Researchers should strive to improve scientific quality.
Colonoscopic and Clinical Features of Colonic Angiodysplasia: A Study in 54 Patients
Authors: Zhang Chenchen , Wang Yanan , Zhang Dongdong , Li Shuai 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Colonic angiodysplasia is a rare disease, it is nevertheless a common cause of lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in older adults. The study summarized the colonoscopic and clinical features of colonic angiodysplasia to raise awareness among endoscopists regarding this disease.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective study of enrolled patients diagnosed with colonic angiodysplasia between September 2013 and April 2022. Clinical and colonoscopic features of the patients with active bleeding were analyzed and compared with those of patients without bleeding. The comparisons were also conducted between the patients with active lower GI bleeding caused by colonic angiodysplasia and those by other diseases.

Results:
In total, 54 eligible patients were included in this study; 55.55% of the participants were aged over 60 years. Ten patients (3 men and 7 women) with colonic angiodysplasia suffered from active lower GI bleeding, which was mainly located in the left and total colon. The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, radiotherapy history, antiplatelet drug use, and multiple lesions were more likely to endure lower GI bleeding. The duration between bleeding and admission was longer in the colonic angiodysplasia group than in the other diseases group (P = 0.043). In the colonic angiodysplasia group, bleeding relapsed in 3 patients, and the recurrence rate was higher than in the other diseases group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Endoscopists should perform colonoscopy scrupulously and consider colonic angiodysplasia as a differential diagnosis in patients with lower GI bleeding, especially for older women and adults with chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Predicting High-Risk Fetal Cardiac Disease Anticipated to Need Immediate Postnatal Stabilization and Intervention with Planned Pediatric Cardiac Operating Room Delivery
Authors: Moray Amol , Mugaba Proscovia M. , Joynt Chloe , McBrien Angela , Eckersley Luke , Philipos Ernest , Holinski Paula , Ryerson Lindsay , Coe James Y , Chandra Sujata , Aiken Amanda , Wong Billy , Derbyshire Michele , Lefebvre Maria , Aklabi Mohamed Al , Hornberger Lisa K 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundDistances between delivery centers and cardiac services can make the care of fetuses with cardiac disease(CD) at risk of acute cardiorespiratory instability(ACRI) at birth a challenge. In 2013 we implemented a fetal echocardiography(FE)-based algorithm targeting fetuses considered high-risk for ACRI at ≤2 hours of birth for Caesarian section(CS) delivery in our pediatric cardiac operating room(PCOR) of our children’s hospital. We examine the experience and outcomes of affected newborns.MethodsWe reviewed maternal and postnatal medical records of all fetuses with CD at high-risk for ACRI encountered January 2013-March 2022. Secondary analysis was performed including all fetuses with diagnoses of d-transposition of the great arteries/intact ventricular septum(d-TGA/IVS) and hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS) encountered over the study period.ResultsForty fetuses were considered high-risk for ACRI: 15 d-TGA/IVS and 7 HLHS with restrictive atrial septum(RAS), 4 absent pulmonary valve syndrome, 3 obstructed anomalous pulmonary veins, 2 severe Ebstein anomaly, 2 thoracic/intracardiac tumors and 7 others. PCOR delivery occurred for 33 but not for 7 (5 d-TGA/IVS, 2 HLHS with RAS). For high-risk cases, FE had a positive predictive value of 50% for intervention/ECMO/death at ≤2 hours and 70% at ≤24 hours. Of “low-risk” cases, 6/46 with d-TGA/IVS and 0/45 with HLHS required intervention at ≤2 hours. FE predicted intervention/ECMO/death at ≤2hours with a sensitivity of 67%, specificity 93%, and positive and negative predictive values of 87% and 87%, respectively, for d-TGA/IVS, and 100%, 95%, 71%, and 100% for HLHS, respectively.ConclusionsFE predicts need for urgent intervention in majority with d-TGA/IVS and HLHS, and in half of the entire spectrum of high-risk CD.