bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copolymerization of 4‐vinylsulfonyl aniline with acrylamide and its application as macromolecular dye backbone
Authors: Wang Fuchun , Wang Jiexiong , Ma Wei , Tang Bingtao , Zhang Shufen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA kind of copolymer, poly(4‐vinylsulfonylaniline‐co‐acrylamide) (P(VSA‐co‐AM)), was synthesized by the copolymerization of 4‐vinylsulfonyl aniline (VSA) and acrylamide (AM) using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the solvent and 2,2′‐azobis(2‐methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) as the initiator in the presence of a total monomer mass concentration of 15%, and a polymerization duration of 10 h. The effect of the monomer feed ratio on the copolymerization is investigated, and the results reveal that increasing the content of VSA in the monomer feed ratio increases the proportion of VSA in the copolymer. A feed ratio of 5:5 is selected for the copolymerization of VSA and AM, and a copolymer with 28% VSA is obtained. After diazotization, P(VSA‐co‐AM) with a molecular weight of 4.45 × 103 and a VSA ratio of 28% is coupled with the coupling component containing more chloro‐s‐triazine reactive groups, thus resulting in macromolecular reactive dyes. The fixation of the obtained macromolecular reactive dyes A, B, and C on cotton fabric is over 93% and have good light, rubbing, and washing fastnesses, thus indicating their potential application in the dyeing of cotton fabric.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with adjustable sizes and their nanocomposite films based on electrodeposition of polysaccharides
Authors: Yang Yan , Zhang Xiaoli , Wang Qinghua , Xu Zequan , Chen Zongming , Tao Jiangtao , Wang Yifeng , Chen Yanjun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have received great attention in the fields ranging from antibacterial materials to sensors. Herein, a novel and green strategy based on electrodeposition of polysaccharides (chitosan, carboxylated chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, and sodium alginate) is explored to synthesize AgNPs with adjustable particle sizes and their polysaccharide‐based nanocomposite films. These polysaccharides not only serve as the electrodeposited polysaccharide, but also act as the reducing and stabilizing agents for the synthesis of AgNPs. After the electrodeposition of polysaccharides, homogeneous and smooth deposited films (polysaccharide‐based nanocomposite films) have been generated on the anodic electrodes. Spectral analysis and transmission electron microscopy confirm the existence of AgNPs in the nanocomposite films. The as‐fabricated AgNPs from the electrodeposition of four polysaccharides have different particle sizes ranging from 2.19 to 12.89 nm. The difference in the particle size of AgNPs is related to the different reducibility and stabilizing ability of the polysaccharides. This work provides a facile and controllable new electrodeposition strategy for green synthesis of AgNPs with different sizes and their nanocomposite films, which presents great potential in fabricating AgNPs and their nanocomposites with specific particle sizes and particular properties.
Deep‐red Emitting Ir(III) Complexes as Type‐I Photosensitizers for Lipid Droplets Targeted Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Tong Jialin , Liu Ao , Huang Shanshan , Yao Yaxuan , Shan Guo‐Gang , Su Zhong‐Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) relying on photosensitizer‐induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for killing cancer cells has emerged as a non‐invasive anti‐cancer strategy. Compared with oxygen‐dependent type‐II photosensitizers (PSs) for PDT, the development of intrinsic oxygen‐independent type‐I ones is highly desired but remains a challenge. In this work, two netural Ir(III) complexes that can produce type‐I reactive oxygen species, namely MPhBI−Ir‐BIQ (Ir‐1) and NPhBI−Ir‐BIQ (Ir‐2), were synthesized. Bright deep‐red emitting nanoparticles with moderate particle size are beneficial for imaging‐guided PDT. In in vitro experiments, importantly, the excellent biocompatibility, the targeting of lipid droplets (LDs), and the type‐I ⋅OH and O2⋅− generation promoted effective photodynamic activity. This work will guide the building of type‐I Ir(III) complexes PSs and can provide advantages for potential clinical applications under hypoxic conditions.
A Silver Compound with Potential Applications as an Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Anti‐Alzheimer's Agent
Authors: Korkmaz Nesrin , Kısa Dursun , Kaplan Özlem , Tosun Nazan Gökşen , Özgür Aykut , Imamoğlu Rizvan , Karadağ Ahmet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the biological activity of the silver coordination compound K‐22. The IC50 values of K‐22 on cancer cell lines range from 0.797 μg/mL to 3.426 μg/mL, indicating that K‐22 might preferably inhibit A549, Saos‐2, MCF‐7, and HT‐29 cell proliferation and thus have better therapeutic activity. Furthermore, K‐22 stimulated apoptosis via up‐regulation of the mRNA and protein expression level of Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio in A549, Saos‐2, MCF‐7, and HT‐29. K‐22 exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, C. utilis, and C. albicans. Experimental results show that the compound has inhibitory potential with an IC50 value of 178.10 μM for the BChE (butyrylcholinesterase) enzyme, which has a vital role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. As a result, compound K‐22 exhibits a strong potential for medical use due to its anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti‐Alzheimer properties.
Cutaneous arteritis: Clinicopathological study of 21 cases
Authors: Hiraiwa Tomoko , Chen Ko‐Ron , Yamamoto Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe conducted this study to clarify the progress of cutaneous arteritis.MethodsWe examined 21 cases of cutaneous arteritis that were diagnosed at our hospital between 2005 and 2020. The male‐to‐female ratio was 1:6 with a mean age of 52.2 years.ResultsThe lower legs were involved in all cases, and the upper extremities or trunk was also involved in some cases. Cutaneous manifestations presented as indurated erythema (n = 15), subcutaneous induration (11), edema (7), livedo (6), and ulcer (3). In addition, extracutaneous conditions including numbness (10), arthritis (8), fever (2), and myalgia (1) were observed. Laboratory tests showed an increase of inflammatory markers in most cases (14). Histopathological features showed necrotizing vasculitis of small‐sized arteries at the dermo‐subcutaneous junction, and the inflammatory stages of arteritis were histopathologically divided into acute stage (5), subacute stage (5), reparative stage (7), and healed stage (1). The therapies administered were oral prednisolone (11), antiplatelet drug (14), warfarin (1), non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (6), biological drug (1), and other drugs (14). There were no cases showing progression to systemic polyarteritis nodosa during follow‐up period. All three patients with ulceration complained of numbness, and one was revealed to have mononeuropathy multiplex. They were treated with low‐dose oral prednisolone. Three ulceration cases were histopathologically classified into the acute and subacute stages.ConclusionsIn conclusion, all 21 patients followed a chronic course with recurrent skin lesions without systemic complications. Cases with ulceration seem to reveal neurological symptoms and need systemic steroid treatment.
Fest‐Flüssig‐Trennung auf der ACHEMA 2022
Authors: Buchwald Thomas , Peuker Urs 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAuf der ACHEMA 2022 wurden eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen und Apparaten für die Fest‐Flüssig‐Trennung vorgestellt. Die von den Firmen vorgestellten Innovationen betreffen nicht nur den reinen Apparate‐ bzw. Maschinenbau, sondern auch die Themen Materialien (insbesondere Filtermaterialien) sowie die große Herausforderung Digitalisierung von Filtrationsprozessen.
Community detection and service discovery on Social Internet of Things
Authors: Malekshahi Rad Mozhgan , Rahmani Amir Masoud , Sahafi Amir , Qader Nooruldeen Nasih 
Published: April 2023

SummaryDue to the increasing growth of objects and problems such as increased traffic, overload, delay in response, and low search volume in the service discovery process in the complex Social Internet of Things (SIoT) environment, we provide an effective mechanism in the service discovery process by grouping objects based on common criteria that help us improve service search performance. In this article, we present a new method for clustering objects so that we can group objects that have common services and can work together. Hence, we create a set of different associations for the type of service and reciprocal cooperation of objects. With its help, instead of a global network search, we can perform service searches locally more efficiently and ensure the accuracy and correctness of searches and their answers. Then, we have provided a new mechanism for the service discovery process. In addition, we categorized communities based on their size to compare our proposed algorithm with other approaches using factors such as modularity in SIoT. Finally, we achieved sufficient efficiency in service discovery (86.81% and 88.28%) and demonstrated better performance of the proposed approach in identifying communities.
Ecosystem Services at the Farm Level—Overview, Synergies, Trade‐Offs, and Stakeholder Analysis
Authors: Morizet‐Davis Jonathan , Marting Vidaurre Nirvana A. , Reinmuth Evelyn , Rezaei‐Chiyaneh Esmaeil , Schlecht Valentin , Schmidt Susanne , Singh Kripal , Vargas‐Carpintero Ricardo , Wagner Moritz , von Cossel Moritz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe current geological epoch is characterized by anthropogenic activity that greatly impacts on natural ecosystems and their integrity. The complex networks of ecosystem services (ESs) are often ignored because the provision of natural resources, such as food and industrial crops, is mistakenly viewed as an independent process separate from ecosystems and ignoring the impacts on ecosystems. Recently, research has intensified on how to evaluate and manage ES to minimize environmental impacts, but it remains unclear how to balance anthropogenic activity and ecosystem integrity. This paper reviews the main ESs at farm level including provisioning, regulating, habitat, and cultural services. For these ESs, synergies are outlined and evaluated along with the respective practices (e.g., cover‐ and intercropping) and ES suppliers (e.g., pollinators and biocontrol agents). Further, several farm‐level ES trade‐offs are discussed along with a proposal for their evaluation. Finally, a framework for stakeholder approaches specific to farm‐level ES is put forward, along with an outlook on how existing precision agriculture technologies can be adapted for improved assessment of ES bundles. This is believed to provide a useful framework for both decision makers and stakeholders to facilitate the development of more sustainable and resilient farming systems.
A dual channel and spatial attention network for automatic spine segmentation of MRI images
Authors: Cheng Mengdan , Qin Juan , Lv Lianrong , Wang Biao , Li Lei , Xia Dan , Wang Shike 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAccurate image segmentation plays an essential role in diagnosing and treating various spinal diseases. However, traditional segmentation methods often consume a lot of time and energy. This research proposes an innovative deep‐learning‐based automatic segmentation method for spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. The proposed method DAUNet++ is supported by UNet++, which adds residual structure and attention mechanism. Specifically, a residual block is utilized for down‐sampling to construct the RVNet, as a new skeleton structure. Furthermore, two novel types of dual channel and spatial attention modules are proposed to emphasize rich feature regions, enhance useful information, and improve the network performance by recalibrating the characteristic. The published spinesagt2wdataset3 spinal MRI image dataset is adopted in the experiment. The dice similarity coefficient score on the test set is 0.9064. Higher segmentation accuracy and efficiency are achieved, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Prevalence of Precursory Signs of Atypical Femoral Fractures in Patients Receiving Bone‐Modifying Agents for Bone Metastases: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Kaku Takumi , Oh Yoto , Sato Shingo , Koyanagi Hirotaka , Funauchi Yuki , Hirai Takashi , Yuasa Masato , Matsukura Yu , Yoshii Toshitaka , Nakagawa Tsuyoshi , Miyake Satoshi , Okawa Atsushi 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTPatients on bone‐modifying agents (BMAs) for bone metastases are at risk of atypical femoral fractures (AFFs), which can lead to a sudden deterioration in performance status. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of radiographic precursory signs of AFF in patients on oncologic BMAs. Forty‐two patients (23 men, 19 women; mean age 68.8 ± 10.0 years) on oncologic BMAs (zoledronate for >3 years and/or denosumab for >1 year) and without clinical symptoms were enrolled between 2019 and 2021. All patients were receiving denosumab at enrollment and 5 had previously used zoledronate. The mean duration of BMA use was 31.2 ± 18.5 months. Radiographs of both femurs were screened for precursory signs of AFF (e.g., thickening of the lateral cortex). The patients were divided into two groups according to thickening status and compared by duration of BMA use. They were also divided into three groups by duration of BMA use (12–23 months, n = 18; 24–59 months, n = 19; ≥60 months, n = 5), and the prevalence of apparent thickenings was examined. As a result, 18 patients (42.9%) showed minute local or diffuse thickening and 10 (23.8%) showed apparent local thickening. The duration of BMA use was significantly longer in patients with apparent thickening than in those without (47.3 ± 23.6 months [n = 10] versus 26.2 ± 13.5 months [n = 32]; p < 0.05). The prevalence of apparent thickening increased with increasing duration of BMA use (12–23 months, 5.6%; 24–59 months, 31.6%; ≥60 months, 60.0%). In conclusion, radiographic precursory signs of AFF are common in patients on oncologic BMAs. Radiographic screening for AFF could be relevant in patients who have been on long‐term oncologic BMAs, even if asymptomatic. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Theoretical description for nonlinear dynamic light scattering based on stimulated Raman effect (NLDLS‐SRS)
Authors: Seto Keisuke , Kobayashi Takayoshi , Tokunaga Eiji 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDynamic light scattering (DLS) is a method to analyze the diffusion constant and mesostructure of colloidal systems based on refractive index fluctuations. For example, DLS evaluates particle size distribution, particle drift velocity, and the typical length of the cooperative diffusion in gels. However, DLS inherently lacks chemical sensitivity since it detects the spatial Fourier component of the refractive index at the scattering vector (q). This work theoretically demonstrates the feasibility of nonlinear dynamic light scattering (NLDLS) of stimulated Raman effect that reflects molecular vibration. Specifically, we show that by interfering with two pump beams (in the pump‐probe method terminology), it is possible to extract the spatial Fourier component of the imaginary part of the third‐order nonlinear susceptibility. Here, the phase modulation of either of the two beams is effective for mode‐selective detection of the Fourier component. The difference in the wavevectors of these beams corresponds to q in DLS. The result is the same as DLS in mesostructural sensitivity but has a molecular vibration selectivity. The proposed assay in the present paper enables qualitative and chemical‐structure analysis of the colloidal systems without labeling and size differentiation in a mesopic regime.
Resveratrol protects against cadmium‐induced cerebrum toxicity through modifications of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system in microsomes
Authors: Lv Mei‐Wei , Zhang Cong , Ge Jing , Sun Xiao‐Han , Li Jin‐Yang , Li Jin‐Long 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCadmium (Cd), known as a vital contaminant in the environment, penetrates the blood–brain barrier and accumulates in the cerebrum. Acute toxicosis of Cd, which leads to lethal cerebral edema, intracellular accumulation and cellular dysfunction, remains to be illuminated with regard to the exact molecular mechanism of cerebral toxicity. Resveratrol (RES), present in the edible portions of numerous plants, is a simply acquirable and correspondingly less toxic natural compound with neuroprotective potential, which provides some theoretical bases for antagonizing Cd‐induced cerebral toxicity.RESULTSThis work was executed to research the protective effects of RES against Cd‐induced toxicity in chicken cerebrum. Markedly, these lesions were increased in the Cd group, which also exhibited a thinner cortex, reduced granule cells, vacuolar degeneration, and an enlarged medullary space in the cerebrum. Furthermore, Cd induced CYP450 enzyme metabolism disorders by disrupting the nuclear xenobiotic receptor response (NXRs), enabling the cerebrum to reduce the ability to metabolize exogenous substances, eventually leading to Cd accumulation. Meanwhile, accumulated Cd promoted oxidative damage and synergistically promoted the damage to neurons and glial cells.CONCLUSIONRES initiated NXRs (especially for aromatic receptor and pregnancy alkane X receptor), decreasing the expression of CYP450 genes, changing the content of CYP450, maintaining CYP450 enzyme normal activities, and exerting antagonistic action against the Cd‐induced abnormal response of nuclear receptors. These results suggest that the cerebrum toxicity caused by Cd was reduced by pretreatment with RES. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Lifestyle‐Produkte statt Lebensmittel
Authors: Lachenmeier Dirk , Walch Stephan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDie Regelungen der Europäischen Union zu neuartigen Lebensmitteln verhindern einerseits, in Krisenzeiten schnell zu reagieren und beispielsweise traditionelle Kohlenhydrat‐ und Proteinquellen durch Agrarprodukte aus Drittländern zu ergänzen. Andererseits verhindern die EU‐Regelungen nicht, dass Nahrungsergänzungsmittel ungeprüft auf den Markt kommen.
Holistic fleet optimization incorporating system design considerations
Authors: Henry Stephen M. , Hoffman Matthew J. , Waddell Lucas A. , Muldoon Frank M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe methodology described in this article enables a type of holistic fleet optimization that simultaneously considers the composition and activity of a fleet through time as well as the design of individual systems within the fleet. Often, real‐world system design optimization and fleet‐level acquisition optimization are treated separately due to the prohibitive scale and complexity of each problem. This means that fleet‐level schedules are typically limited to the inclusion of predefined system configurations and are blind to a rich spectrum of system design alternatives. Similarly, system design optimization often considers a system in isolation from the fleet and is blind to numerous, complex portfolio‐level considerations. In reality, these two problems are highly interconnected. To properly address this system‐fleet design interdependence, we present a general method for efficiently incorporating multi‐objective system design trade‐off information into a mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP) fleet‐level optimization. This work is motivated by the authors' experience with large‐scale DOD acquisition portfolios. However, the methodology is general to any application where the fleet‐level problem is a MILP and there exists at least one system having a design trade space in which two or more design objectives are parameters in the fleet‐level MILP.
Surgical considerations in the management of short bowel syndrome
Authors: Mercer David F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPatients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) are optimally managed in centers of expertise with dedicated multidisciplinary intestinal failure (IF) teams. Over the life of a patient with SBS, many different surgical concerns may arise requiring intervention. These can range from reasonably simple procedures, such as the creation or maintenance of gastrostomy tube and enterostomies, to complex reconstructions of multiple enterocutaneous fistulas or the performance of intestine‐containing transplants. This review will cover the development of a surgeon's role on the IF team; common surgical issues arising in patients with SBS, with a focus on decision‐making rather than technique; and, finally, a brief overview of transplantation and some related decision‐making issues.
Maximizing value in healthcare partnerships: A case examining an inter‐organizational relationship in the public and non‐profit sectors
Authors: Carlini Joan , Lehman Kim , Dharmesti Maria , Knox Kathy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHealthcare organizations around the world are striving to find the right balance between using their resources effectively and providing personalized care to patients. Health care is shifting from a reactive, towards a more person‐centric approach to improve health outcomes. To achieve quality improvements and efficiencies, health care organizations are forming inter‐organizational relationships. Despite the benefits, little is known about how organizations capture value from strategic partnership. In this context, this paper aims to examine the processes that occur as part of a public and non‐profit sector relationship within health care that directly relate to how the partnering organization acts to capture value. Using a qualitative case study of an Australian public‐sector health service partnership, the study employs a value mapping framework to distinguish between different types of value (captured, missed, destroyed, and opportunity), and presents an integrated model consisting of three process phases: (1) inter‐organizational cooperation effort, (2) organizational effect, and (3) social value. The study highlights the potential for negative and unintended consequences and discusses implications for management.
Polyethylene glycol dictates the therapeutic response (anticancer and wound healing) of silver oxide nanomaterials
Authors: Abbas Muhammad Khawar , Javed Yasir , Jamil Yasir , Shahid Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, polymer (polyethylene glycol [PEG] and Chitosan)‐coated silver oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been prepared by hydrothermal method. The polymer‐encapsulated NPs are characterized by materials‐related characterization techniques such as X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), photoluminescence (PL), and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The crystallite size of silver oxide NPs is 43.39 nm and reduces to 34.56 nm and 30.43 nm for PEG and Chitosan functionalized NPs, respectively. SEM micrographs show the spherical morphology of the synthesized nanomaterials with the grain size of pristine, PEG, and Chitosan functionalized silver oxide NPs as 60.9 ± 14.1, 70.9 ± 10.3, and 57.2 ± 7.8 nm, respectively. The band gap of silver oxide NPs increases upon polymer functionalization. PEGlyation of silver oxide NPs has enhanced its anticancer potential significantly against liver cancer cell line (HuH‐7), shows least cell viability, and IC50 value is as low as 0.106 μg/mL and in the case of Chitosan coating 4.505 μg/mL. The antibacterial properties and biofilm inhibition are investigated against bacterial extracts of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The polymer‐coated silver oxide NPs have shown enhanced antibacterial potential against both S. aureus and E. coli. CAM assay is used to evaluate the wound‐healing ability of nanomaterials. Alginate gels incorporated with NPs have promoted wound healing. Our results revealed that the surface modification by PEG and Chitosan improved the therapeutic potential of silver oxide NPs.