bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of a novel waterborne diethanolamine‐modified lignin/polyurethane emulsion and its application as an adhesive for polypropylene decorative film on wood‐based panels
Authors: Chang Liang , Wang Yuanwu , Luo Shupin , Gao Li , Tang Qiheng , Chen Yongping , Ren Yiping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo improve the surface bonding strength of polypropylene (PP), decorative films on wood panels, sodium lignosulfonate (SL) was modified with diethanolamine (DEA) to graft two long hydrocarbon chains with end hydroxyl groups on the molecule. The product reacted with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) monomers to form reinforced emulsions. The novel emulsion was used as adhesives on the back of PP decorative films and compared to the unmodified SL. Different contents (5 wt.% and 10 wt.%) of modified SL content were considered in the dry WPU. The PP decorative films were hot‐pressed onto plywood using different kinds of WPU. Results showed that two long hydroxyl groups were grafted on the SL molecule after DEA modification, which reacted with the WPU monomers to form reinforced WPU emulsions. The DEA‐modified SL showed better dispersibility compared to pure SL, avoiding aggregation. Owing to their heat resistance and high stiffness, the DEA‐modified SL/WPU emulsions were superior in thermal properties and surface bonding strength.
Recent Advances on Emerging Carbohydrates‐Based Prebiotics and its Potential Food Sources: Marine Algae, Seaweeds, Tropical Fruits, and Agri‐Food Wastes
Authors: Pierezan Milena Dutra , de Melo Ana Paula Zapelini , Chacon Wilson Daniel Caicedo , Bidim Michelli Fátima , Valencia Germán Ayala , Pimentel Tatiana Colombo , Verruck Silvani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent advances in food science and definition aspects of prebiotics are expanding the scope of prebiotic substrates. In this sense, new carbohydrate‐based prebiotics, such as xylooligosaccharides, isomaltooligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides, lactosucrose, raffinose, neoagaro‐oligosaccharides, epilactose, and glucomannans are emerging. Thus, this review presents and discusses the recent advances in emerging carbohydrates‐based prebiotics and potential carbohydrate‐based prebiotic foods. In addition, the evolution of the prebiotic concept is detailed, and the worldwide prebiotics regulatory aspects are presented.
Investigating the appraisal structure of spontaneous thoughts: evidence for differences among unexpected thought, involuntary autobiographical memories, and ruminative thought
Authors: Poulos Cati , Zamani Andre , Pillemer David , Leichtman Michelle , Christoff Kalina , Mills Caitlin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInvoluntary thinking occurs when mental states arise without intention. Such thoughts can take different forms, such asinvoluntary autobiographical memories(IAM),ruminativethoughts, andunexpectedthoughts—all of which are popular areas of study, albeit in somewhat disparate literatures. Despite these mental states sharing a common thread of feeling involuntary in nature, it is nevertheless unclear what separates them phenomenologically. We conducted a set of exploratory and confirmatory experiments to elucidate the appraisal dimensions behind these forms of involuntary thought, with a particular interest in understanding the phenomenology behind unexpected thoughts that are predicted to violate expectations of both timing and content. Across two experiments, we found that unexpected thoughts had unique appraisal structures compared to the other two forms of involuntary thought: they were less identifiably cued, more surprising in content and timing, and offered new information (i.e., insight). We discuss how these distinctions support recent theories regarding the nature of unexpected thought and its relation to other forms of involuntary thinking, namely IAM and ruminative thought, which are the more commonly studied forms of involuntary thinking.
Current knowledge on genus Bassia All.: a comprehensive review on traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and nonmedical applications
Authors: Grabowska Karolina , Buzdygan Weronika , Galanty Agnieszka , Wróbel-Biedrawa Dagmara , Sobolewska Danuta , Podolak Irma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBassiaAll. is a genus from theAmaranthaceaefamily, which was created by merging selected species belonging to the formerBassiaandKochiagenera with those classified toChenolea,Londesia,KirilowiaandPanderia.The reorganisedBassiagenus currently comprises around 20 species, which are annual herbs or perennial subshrubs native to Eurasia and Africa.Bassiaplants are well known for their therapeutic applications in folk medicine and traditional medical systems, and they are also used for nonmedical purposes. Some members of this genus, such asBassia scoparia(syn.Kochia scoparia) is of great medical importance and economic value. The plant is cultivated in some regions of Asia as a crop to collectKochiae fructus,which is used for both curative and food purposes. Phytochemical studies carried out onBassiaspecies indicate that these plants synthesize metabolites belonging to different groups of compounds (e.g., triterpene saponins, sterols, flavonoids, fatty acids, lignanamides, alkaloids, organic acids). Some of the structures are rarely found in the plant kingdom. Biological activity studies carried out onBassiaplants revealed various effects exerted by extracts and isolated compounds, including anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, anti-obesity, etc. Modern research explained some of the mechanisms of action. This review covers literature from 1935 to 2022, and assembles and discusses data on phytochemistry, biological activity, as well as medical and nonmedical use of the representatives of the genusBassia. In this review we present the current state of knowledge about the plants of the genus.
Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric (DEC) Cell Therapy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A First-in-Human Study with Minimum 6 Months Follow-up
Authors: Heydemann Ahlke , Bieganski Grzegorz , Wachowiak Jacek , Czarnota Jarosław , Niezgoda Adam , Siemionow Krzysztof , Ziemiecka Anna , Sikorska Maria H. , Bozyk Katarzyna , Tullius Stefan G. , Siemionow Maria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a X-linked progressive lethal muscle wasting disease for which there is no cure. We present first-in-human study assessing safety and efficacy of novel Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric (DEC) cell therapy created by fusion of patient myoblasts with myoblasts of normal donor origin. We report here on safety and functional outcomes of the first 3 DMD patients. No study related adverse events (AE) and no serious adverse events (SAE) were observed up to 14 months after systemic-intraosseous administration of DEC01. Ambulatory patients showed improvements in functional tests (6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA)) and both, ambulatory and non-ambulatory in PUL, strength and fatigue resistance which correlated with improvement of Electromyography (EMG) parameters. DEC01 therapy does not require immunosuppression, involves no risks of off target mutations, is not dependent upon the causative mutation and is therefore a universal therapy that does not use viral vectors and therefore can be readministered, if needed. This study was approved by the Bioethics Committee (approval No. 46/2019).
Graphical Abstract
Mechanism of action of the Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric Cell (DEC) cells created via ex vivo fusion of human myoblast from normal and DMD-affected donors. Following systemic-intraosseous administration, DEC engraft and fuse with the myoblasts of DMD patients, deliver dystrophin and improve muscle strength and function. (Created with BioRender.com)
Reducing ageism focusing on stereotype embodiment theory: Pre-registered study and Bayesian analysis approach
Authors: Shimizu Yuho 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ageism has become a social problem in an aged society. This study re-examines an ageism affirmation strategy; the designs and plans for this study were pre-registered. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (in which they read an explanatory text about the stereotype embodiment theory and related empirical findings) or a control group (in which they read an irrelevant text). The hypothesis was that negative attitudes toward older adults are reduced in the experimental group compared with the control group. Bayesian analysis was used for hypothesis testing. The results showed that negative attitudes toward older adults were reduced in the experimental group. These findings contribute to the development of psychological and gerontological interventions aimed at affirming ageism. In addition, continued efforts to reduce questionable research practices and the spread of Bayesian analysis in psychological research are expected.
The Making of Uganda's Equal Opportunities Commission Act and Its Interpretation by the Commission
Authors: Mujuzi Jamil Ddamulira 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArticle 32(3) of the Constitution of Uganda (1995) establishes the Equal Opportunities Commission; section 14 of the Equal Opportunities Commission Act provides for the functions of the Commission. These include ensuring that the laws, policies and customs of both public and private entities are not discriminatory and do not marginalize any person or deny him / her equal opportunities. The Commission has handled a few complaints dealing with discrimination, affirmative action, marginalization and impairment of equal opportunities. I rely on the drafting history of the Act, among other sources, to argue, inter alia, that the list of prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Act is exhaustive and that the Commission does not have jurisdiction to deal with complaints alleging discrimination on some grounds. I demonstrate that the Commission has been inconsistent in its definition of discrimination and in dealing with remedies where it has found instances of discrimination, marginalization or denial of opportunities. In some cases, the Commission has blurred the distinction between discrimination and marginalization.
Racial and ethnic disparities in socio-economic status, access to care, and healthcare utilisation among children with heart conditions, National Survey of Children’s Health 2016–2019
Authors: Judge Ashley S. , Downing Karrie F. , Nembhard Wendy N. , Oster Matthew E. , Farr Sherry L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAmong children with and without heart conditions of different race/ethnicities, upstream social determinants of health, such as socio-economic status, access to care, and healthcare utilisation, may vary. Using caregiver-reported data from the 2016–19 National Survey of Children’s Health, we calculated the prevalence of caregiver employment and education, child’s health insurance, usual place of medical care in the past 12 months, problems paying for child’s care, ≥2 emergency room visits, and unmet healthcare needs by heart condition status and race/ethnicity (Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White). For each outcome, we used multivariable logistic regression to generate adjusted prevalence ratios controlling for child’s age and sex. Of 2632 children with heart conditions and 104,841 without, 65.4% and 58.0% were non-Hispanic White and 52.0% and 51.1% were male, respectively. Children with heart conditions, compared to those without, were 1.7–2.6 times more likely to have problems paying for healthcare, have ≥2 emergency room visits, and have unmet healthcare needs. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black children with heart conditions, compared to non-Hispanic White, were 1.5–3.2 times as likely to have caregivers employed <50 weeks in the past year and caregivers with ≤ high school education, public or no health insurance, no usual place of care, and ≥2 emergency room visits. Children with heart conditions, compared to those without, may have greater healthcare needs that more commonly go unmet. Among children with heart conditions, Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black children may experience lower socio-economic status and greater barriers to healthcare than non-Hispanic White children.
The prevalence of abnormal spirometry in children with CHD
Authors: Zhou Geena Y. , Cerrone Daniel , Lewinter Katherine , Masood Imran , Detterich Jon , Singh Sasha , Shah Payal , Keens Thomas , Sabati Arash , Kato Roberta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:The burden of pulmonary disease in children with CHD remains under-recognised. Studies have examined children with single ventricle and two ventricle heart disease and documented a decreased forced vital capacity. Our study sought to further explore the pulmonary function of children with CHD.Methods:A retrospective review was performed of spirometry in CHD patients over a 3-year period. Spirometry data were corrected for size, age, and gender and analysed using z-scores.Results:The spirometry of 260 patients was analysed. About 31% had single ventricle (n = 80, 13.6 years (interquartile range 11.5-16.8)) and 69% had two ventricle circulation (n = 180, 14.4 years (interquartile range 12.0-17.3)). Single ventricle patients were found to have a lower median forced vital capacity z-score compared to two ventricle patients (p = 0.0133). The prevalence of an abnormal forced vital capacity was 41% in single ventricle patients and 29% in two ventricle patients. Two ventricle patients with tetralogy of Fallot and truncus arteriosus had similar low forced vital capacity comparable to single ventricle patients. The number of cardiac surgeries predicted an abnormal forced vital capacity in two ventricle patients except tetralogy of Fallot patients.Conclusion:Pulmonary morbidity in patients with CHD is common with a decreased forced vital capacity noted in single ventricle and two ventricle patients. Forced vital capacity is lower in patients with single ventricle circulation; however, two ventricle patients with tetralogy of Fallot or truncus arteriosus have similar lung function in comparison to the single ventricle group. The number of surgical interventions was predictive of forced vital capacity z-score in some but not all two ventricle patients and not predictive in single ventricle patients suggesting a multifactorial to pulmonary disease in children with CHD.
Structural basis for enzymatic terminal C–H bond functionalization of alkanes
Authors: Chai Jin , Guo Gongrui , McSweeney Sean M. , Shanklin John , Liu Qun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlkane monooxygenase (AlkB) is a widely occurring integral membrane metalloenzyme that catalyzes the initial step in the functionalization of recalcitrant alkanes with high terminal selectivity. AlkB enables diverse microorganisms to use alkanes as their sole carbon and energy source. Here we present the 48.6-kDa cryo‐electron microscopy structure of a natural fusion from Fontimonas thermophila between AlkB and its electron donor AlkG at 2.76 Å resolution. The AlkB portion contains six transmembrane helices with an alkane entry tunnel within its transmembrane domain. A dodecane substrate is oriented by hydrophobic tunnel-lining residues to present a terminal C–H bond toward a diiron active site. AlkG, an [Fe–4S] rubredoxin, docks via electrostatic interactions and sequentially transfers electrons to the diiron center. The archetypal structural complex presented reveals the basis for terminal C–H selectivity and functionalization within this broadly distributed evolutionary class of enzymes.
First osteological evidence of severed hands in Ancient Egypt
Authors: Gresky Julia , Bietak Manfred , Petiti Emmanuele , Scheffler Christiane , Schultz Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor the first time, the severed right hands of 12 individuals have been analysed osteologically. The hands were deposited in three pits within a courtyard in front of the throne room of a 15th Dynasty (c.1640–1530 BC) Hyksos palace at Avaris/Tell el-Dab‘a in north-eastern Egypt. Although this kind of practice is known from tomb or temple inscriptions and reliefs from the New Kingdom onwards, this is the first time that physical evidence has been used to learn more about the procedure and the individuals whose hands were taken. Here, we show that the right hands belonged to at least 12 adults, 11 males, and possibly one female. It is unclear if the hands were taken from dead or living individuals. After removing any attached parts of the forearm, the hands were placed in the ground with wide-splayed fingers, mainly on their palmar sides. The osteological analysis not only supports the archaeological interpretation of this evidence but also adds more detail regarding trophy-taking practices in Ancient Egypt.
Signatures of T cell immunity revealed using sequence similarity with TCRDivER algorithm
Authors: Vujović Milena , Marcatili Paolo , Chain Benny , Kaplinsky Joseph , Andresen Thomas Lars 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChanges in the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires have become important markers for monitoring disease or therapy progression. With the rise of immunotherapy usage in cancer, infectious and autoimmune disease, accurate assessment and comparison of the “state" of the TCR repertoire has become paramount. One important driver of change within the repertoire is T cell proliferation following immunisation. A way of monitoring this is by investigating large clones of individual T cells believed to bind epitopes connected to the disease. However, as a single target can be bound by many different TCRs, monitoring individual clones cannot fully account for T cell cross-reactivity. Moreover, T cells responding to the same target often exhibit higher sequence similarity, which highlights the importance of accounting for TCR similarity within the repertoire. This complexity of binding relationships between a TCR and its target convolutes comparison of immune responses between individuals or comparisons of TCR repertoires at different timepoints. Here we propose TCRDivER algorithm (T cell Receptor Diversity Estimates for Repertoires), a global method of T cell repertoire comparison using diversity profiles sensitive to both clone size and sequence similarity. This approach allowed for distinction between spleen TCR repertoires of immunised and non-immunised mice, showing the need for including both facets of repertoire changes simultaneously. The analysis revealed biologically interpretable relationships between sequence similarity and clonality. These aid in understanding differences and separation of repertoires stemming from different biological context. With the rise of availability of sequencing data we expect our tool to find broad usage in clinical and research applications.
Mutual induced-fit mechanism drives binding between intrinsically disordered Bim and cryptic binding site of Bcl-xL
Authors: Bekker Gert-Jan , Araki Mitsugu , Oshima Kanji , Okuno Yasushi , Kamiya Narutoshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of Bim binds to the flexible cryptic site of Bcl-xL, a pro-survival protein involved in cancer progression that plays an important role in initiating apoptosis. However, their binding mechanism has not yet been elucidated. We have applied our dynamic docking protocol, which correctly reproduced both the IDR properties of Bim and the native bound configuration, as well as suggesting other stable/meta-stable binding configurations and revealed the binding pathway. Although the cryptic site of Bcl-xL is predominantly in a closed conformation, initial binding of Bim in an encounter configuration leads to mutual induced-fit binding, where both molecules adapt to each other; Bcl-xL transitions to an open state as Bim folds from a disordered to an α-helical conformation while the two molecules bind each other. Finally, our data provides new avenues to develop novel drugs by targeting newly discovered stable conformations of Bcl-xL.
Bayesian stroke modeling details sex biases in the white matter substrates of aphasia
Authors: Kernbach Julius M. , Hartwigsen Gesa , Lim Jae-Sung , Bae Hee-Joon , Yu Kyung-Ho , Schlaug Gottfried , Bonkhoff Anna , Rost Natalia S. , Bzdok Danilo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIschemic cerebrovascular events often lead to aphasia. Previous work provided hints that such strokes may affect women and men in distinct ways. Women tend to suffer strokes with more disabling language impairment, even if the lesion size is comparable to men. In 1401 patients, we isolate data-led representations of anatomical lesion patterns and hand-tailor a Bayesian analytical solution to carefully model the degree of sex divergence in predicting language outcomes ~3 months after stroke. We locate lesion-outcome effects in the left-dominant language network that highlight the ventral pathway as a core lesion focus across different tests of language performance. We provide detailed evidence for sex-specific brain-behavior associations in the domain-general networks associated with cortico-subcortical pathways, with unique contributions of the fornix in women and cingular fiber bundles in men. Our collective findings suggest diverging white matter substrates in how stroke causes language deficits in women and men. Clinically acknowledging such sex disparities has the potential to improve personalized treatment for stroke patients worldwide.
Modeling of dual frequency combs and bistable solitons in third-harmonic generation
Authors: Hansson Tobias , Parra-Rivas Pedro , Wabnitz Stefan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhase-matching of the third-harmonic generation process can be used to extend the emission of radiation from Kerr microresonators into new spectral regions far from the pump wavelength. Here, we present a theoretical mean-field model for optical frequency combs in a dissipative and nonlinear χ(3)-based cavity system with parametric coupling between fundamental and third-harmonic waves. We investigate temporally dispersive dual-comb generation of phase-matched combs with broad bandwidth and anomalous dispersion of the fundamental field, individuating conditions for accessing a multistable regime that simultaneously supports two types of coupled bright cavity solitons. These bistable cavity solitons coexist for the same pump power and frequency detuning, while featuring dissimilar amplitudes of their individual field components. Third-harmonic generation frequency combs grant telecom pump laser sources a simultaneous and direct access to both the near-infrared and the visible regions, which may prove advantageous for the development of optical clocks and sensing applications.