bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Development in Urban Polyhydroxyalkanoates Biorefineries
Authors: Kaur Parneet , Bhola Shivam , Kumar Pradeep , Kumar Vinay , Kulshreshtha Saurabh , Sharma Anuj , Park SeoA , Choi Kwon‐Young 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe widespread use of plastic items and their improper disposal harms not only physical environments but also human health globally. Therefore, a bioplastic or polymer that can completely vanish from the environment is the foremost priority. Bioplastic can be manufactured using raw materials from plants, animals, and microbes. Polyhydroxyalkaonates (PHAs) is a type of bioplastic which is naturally produced by microbes and importantly biodegradable as well as biocompostable. PHA production utilizing commercial sugars is an economically cost‐effective process. Due to urbanization and industrialization a huge amount of waste is generated around the world and its management is a major environmental issue. Urban wastes produced by wastewater treatment plant, agro/food‐processing industries, dairy industries, and even from household uses can be an economically sustainable feedstock for the synthesis of PHAs. The current status of bioplastic around the globe is summarized, and the urban waste potential as a feedstock for advances in PHA production technology is reviewed.
Moderate aortic stenosis in patients with myocardial infarction: A guilty bystander?
Authors: Caretta Giorgio , Menozzi Alberto 
Published: July 2023

Key Points
The study shows that moderate aortic stenosis is associated with a twofold incidence of in‐hospital heart failure and is an independent predictor of mortality among patients presenting with myocardial infarction.
Patients with moderate aortic stenosis and recent myocardial infarction warrant a tight follow‐up and represent a peculiar population that may derive potential benefits from earlier valvular intervention.
Definitive conclusions about the causal role of moderate aortic stenosis in mortality among patients with recent myocardial infarction and unfavorable outcomes need future investigations.
It's time for an update—A perspective on fuel cell electrodes
Authors: Lee Andre Pin Chun , Lee ChungHyuk 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHydrogen fuel cell technology is gaining significant attention as a promising alternative for decarbonizing automotive vehicles. At the heart of hydrogen fuel cell technology is the electrode, composed of catalysts, supports, binders, and pores, which facilitates the half‐cell reactions and often governs the efficiency of fuel cells. Over the last decade, scientists have made great strides in discovering catalyst, support, and binder materials featuring unique nanostructures and compositions that significantly enhance the efficiency of those devices. While innovations must continue, we must not overlook how these materials are put together to form an electrode and how it impacts the overall efficiency. This perspective article discusses the urgent need for developing alternative electrodes for designing next generation hydrogen fuel cells.
Pd(II)/Lewis Acid Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative C−H Amination to Construct Carbazoles with Dioxygen
Authors: Jiang Hongwu , Li Kaiwen , Dong Shuangfeng , Chen Zhuqi , Yin Guochuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed oxidative C−H amination reactions are among the most attractive topics in organic synthesis to construct nitrogen‐containing motifs. The challenge is that most of these reactions employed stoichiometric oxidants to achieve satisfied catalytic efficiencies. Herein, we report a Pd(II)/LA‐catalyzed (LA: Lewis acid) oxidative C−H amination reaction of 2‐acetaminobiphenyls to construct carbazoles by using dioxygen balloon as the sole oxidant source, and the presence of LA sharply improved the catalytic efficiency of Pd(OAc)2. Remarkably, in certain cases, the deacetylation of the annulation product happened under standard conditions to afford free carbazoles as the final product. The H/D exchange studies confirmed the reversibility of C−H activation and also disclosed multiple C−H activation sites by using −NAc and −NTs as the directing groups. In addition, the palladacycle compound was identified through 1H NMR characterizations and proved to be the intermediate prior to the carbazole formation.
Morphological variation in the vomer of aquatic and terrestrial spelerpini salamanders
Authors: Darcy Hannah E. , Anderson Philip S. L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe vomer is an important tooth‐bearing cranial bone in the lungless salamanders (Caudata: Plethodontidae) that serves different functional roles in aquatic versus terrestrial feeding. Vomerine tooth rows that run parallel with the maxillary teeth are thought to help grasp prey while expelling water from the mouth, while posterior extensions of the tooth row may help terrestrial taxa bring prey down the throat. We hypothesize that these two general morphological types will correlate with the habitat (aquatic vs. terrestrial) of adult salamanders. Alternatively, variation in form may be due to taxonomic effects, such that closely related species will have similar vomer morphology regardless of adult habitat. To test this hypothesis, we examined vomer shape on a set of species of the morphologically diverse tribe Spelerpini, in which two of the five genera (Eurycea and Gyrinophilus) include both aquatic and terrestrial species. Data were collected using micro computed tomography (micro‐CT) scans from specimens from the Field Museum of Natural History and the Illinois Natural History Survey; additional data was obtained from public online repositories including Morphosource.org. Two‐dimensional geometric morphometric analyses were performed to capture shape variation of both the vomer and the vomerine tooth row. We found clear separation between aquatic and terrestrial taxa, with most of the variation due to differences in the vomerine tooth row. Differences ascribed to habitat use likely correspond to feeding behavior, and the functional role of the vomer in prey processing warrants further investigation in this species‐rich salamander family.
Mechanism and application of β‐adrenoceptor blockers in soft tissue wound healing
Authors: Jia Shasha , Wang Xueya , Wang Guowei , Wang Xiaojing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoft tissue damage stimulates sympathetic nerves to release large amounts of catecholamine hormones which bind to β‐adrenergic receptors (β‐ARs) on the cell membrane surface. It activates the downstream effector molecules and impairs soft tissue wound healing. β‐blockers specifically inhibit β‐ARs activation in acute/chronic skin lesions and ulcerative hemangiomas. They also accelerate soft tissue wound healing by shortening the duration of inflammation, speeding keratinocyte migration and reepithelialization, promoting wound contraction and angiogenesis, and inhibiting bacterial virulence effects. In addition, β‐blockers shorten wound healing periods in patients with severe thermal damage by reducing the hypermetabolic response. While β‐blockers promote/inhibit corneal epithelial cell regeneration and restores limbal stem/progenitor cells function, it could well accelerate/delay corneal wound healing. Given these meaningful effects, a growing number of studies are focused on examining the efficacy and safety of β‐blockers in soft tissue wound repair, including acute and chronic wounds, severe thermal damage, ulcerated infantile hemangioma, corneal wounds, and other soft tissue disorders. However, an intensive investigation on their acting mechanisms is imperatively needed. The purpose of this article is to summerize the roles of β‐blockers in soft tissue wound healing and explore their clinical applications.
Commemorations and outreach: Shi‘i leaders of metro Detroit take on theCOVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wellman Rose , Jaffal Islam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOn March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus (COVID‐19) outbreak a global pandemic, spurring dramatic changes in public health policies, travel between countries, and (trans)national economies, as well as in religious and political institutions. In the United States, in particular, the pandemic provoked and revealed an increasingly fraught relationship between scientific, religious, and political sources of information and leadership—an American “crisis of authority” wherein many Americans distrusted scientific and medical establishments. This article explores how Shi‘i Muslim institutions and leaders of metro Detroit navigated these competing authorities, even as their communities faced entrenched societal inequities, including anti‐Muslim racism (Islamophobia). Through interviews with Shi‘i religious leaders in Dearborn, Dearborn Heights, and Detroit, supplemented by digital and in‐person ethnographic research at five major Shi‘i mosques, we show how major Islamic centers and leaders argued for the efficacy, safety, religious value, and legality of COVID‐19 medical guidance and led extensive community outreach initiatives to help their struggling communities. Supported by religious scholars in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon, their guidance offered messages of hope and resilience, as well as an emphasis on the community preservation and selflessness (caring for others) exemplified by the Family of the Prophet. They also emphasized how religious and scientific knowledge intersect, as per the sacred texts of Islam (the Qur'an and hadiths). Their approach compels us to better understand how sources of religious authority can tether vulnerable communities to forms of (legitimate) knowledge in times of upheaval, divisive politics, and misinformation.
Patient Safety/Quality Improvement Primer, Part IV: How to Measure and Track Improvements
Authors: Stepan Katelyn O. , Lavin Jennifer M. , Mehta Vikas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPatient safety and quality improvement (PS/QI) has become an integral part of the health care system, and the ability to effectively use data to track, understand, and communicate performance is essential to designing and implementing quality initiatives, as well as assessing their impact. Though many otolaryngologists are proficient in the methodologies of traditional research pursuits, educational gaps remain in the foundational principles of PS/QI measurement strategies. Part IV of this PS/QI primer discusses the fundamentals of measurement design and data analysis methods specific to PS/QI. Consideration is given to the selection of appropriate measures when designing a PS/QI project, as well as the method and frequency for collecting these measures. In addition, this primer reviews key aspects of tracking and analyzing data, providing an overview of statistical process control methods while highlighting the construction and utility of run and control charts. Lastly, this article discusses strategies to successfully develop and execute PS/QI initiatives in a way that facilitates the ability to appropriately measure their effectiveness and sustainability.
Antitumor effect of luteolin proven by patient‐derived organoids of gastric cancer
Authors: Hao Xinyu , Zu Ming , Ning Jing , Zhou Xin , Gong Yueqing , Han Xiurui , Meng Qiao , Li Dong , Ding Shigang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLuteolin (Lut) has been shown to inhibit gastric cancer (GC); however, its efficacy compared to other clinical drugs has not been examined in human samples. This study aimed to elucidate the antitumor activity of Lut in GC patient‐derived organoids (PDOs). PDOs were established from GC cancer tissues, and the characterization of tissues and PDOs was performed using whole‐exome sequencing. Drug sensitivity tests were performed by treating PDOs with Lut, norcantharidin (NCTD), and carboplatin (CP). RNA sequencing of PDOs was performed to elucidate the antitumor mechanism of Lut, which was further verified in three GC cell lines. Eleven PDOs were successfully constructed, and were highly consistent with the pathophysiology and genetic changes in the corresponding tumors. The IC50s of Lut, NCTD, and CP of PDOs were 27.19, 23.9, and 37.87 μM, respectively. Lut treatment upregulated FOXO3, DUSP1, and CDKN1A expression and downregulated IL1R1 and FGFR4 expression in GC cell lines, which was consistent with the results of PDOs. We demonstrate that Lut exerted stronger antitumor effects than CP, but a similar effect to that of NCTD, which was obtained in an in vitro PDO system. Additionally, Lut exerted varying degrees of antitumor effects against the PDOs, thereby indicating that PDO may be a useful preclinical drug screening tool for personalized treatment.
Artificial Dendritic Cells: A New Era of Promising Antitumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Mateus Daniela , Sebastião Ana I. , Frasco Manuela F. , Carrascal Mylène A. , Falcão Amílcar , Gomes Célia M. , Neves Bruno , Sales Maria G. F. , Cruz Maria T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe accelerated development of antitumor immunotherapies in recent years has brought immunomodulation into the spotlight. These include immunotherapeutic treatments with dendritic cell (DC)‐based vaccines which can elicit tumor‐specific immune responses and prolong survival. However, this personalized treatment has several drawbacks, including being costly, labor‐intensive, and time consuming. This has sparked interest in producing artificial dendritic cells (aDCs) to open up the possibility of standardized “off‐the‐shelf” protocols and circumvent the cumbersome and expensive personalized medicine. aDCs take advantage of materials that can be designed and tailored for specific clinical applications. Here, an overview of the immunobiology underlying antigen presentation by DCs is provided in an attempt to select the key features to be mimicked and/or improved through the development of aDCs. The inherent properties of aDCs that greatly impact their performance in vivo and, consequently, the fate of the triggered immune response are also outlined.
First‐Row Transition Metals for Catalyzing Oxygen Redox
Authors: Wang Hengwei , Pei Yu , Wang Keliang , Zuo Yayu , Wei Manhui , Xiong Jianyin , Zhang Pengfei , Chen Zhuo , Shang Nuo , Zhong Daiyuan , Pei Pucheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRechargeable zinc–air batteries are widely recognized as a highly promising technology for energy conversion and storage, offering a cost‐effective and viable alternative to commercial lithium‐ion batteries due to their unique advantages. However, the practical application and commercialization of zinc–air batteries are hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Recently, extensive research has focused on the potential of first‐row transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) as promising alternatives to noble metals in bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts, leveraging their high‐efficiency electrocatalytic activity and excellent durability. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent advancements in the mechanisms of ORR/OER, the performance of bifunctional electrocatalysts, and the preparation strategies employed for electrocatalysts based on first‐row transition metals in alkaline media for zinc–air batteries. The paper concludes by proposing several challenges and highlighting emerging research trends for the future development of bifunctional electrocatalysts based on first‐row transition metals.
Redox‐Functionalized Semiconductor Interfaces for Photoelectrochemical Separations
Authors: Cho Ki‐Hyun , Chen Raylin , Elbert Johannes , Su Xiao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRedox‐mediated electrosorption is a promising platform for selective electrochemical (EC) separations, due to its molecular selectivity, high uptake, and tunability for target ions. However, the electrical energy required is mainly generated by non‐renewable energy sources, which limits its sustainability and overall impact to decarbonization. Here, a redox‐mediated photoelectrochemical (PEC) separation process using polyvinyl ferrocene functionalized TiO2nanorod electrodes is proposed, which integrates direct solar energy as a driver for the selective electrosorption. The photoelectrochemically‐driven oxidation and reduction with both homogeneous and heterogeneous ferrocene‐systems is investigated to establish the underlying mechanism. The PEC system can separate heavy metal oxyanions at lower voltages or even without electrical energy. At 0.3 V versus SCE, a 124 mg g−1uptake for Mo is achieved, which is comparable to the performance of EC cells at 0.75 V versus SCE. Thus, PEC systems not only can generate energy for spontaneous redox‐separations, but also can reduce electrical energy consumption by 51.4% compared to EC cells for separation processes when coupled with an external electrical energy.
Spatial proteomics landscape and immune signature analysis of renal sample of lupus nephritis based on laser-captured microsection
Authors: Zheng Fengping , Tang Donge , Li Shanshan , Luo Zhifeng , Song Yueqi , Huang Yinxin , Gan Qing , Liu Hanyong , Zhang Xinzhou , Liu Dongzhou , Wang Qingwen , Xiong Zuying , Dai Yong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to reveal a spatial proteomic and immune signature of kidney function regions in lupus nephritis (LN).

Material and methods
The laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to isolate the glomerulus, tubules, and interstitial of the kidney from paraffin samples. The data-independent acquisition (DIA) method was used to collect proteomics data. The bioinformatic analysis was performed.

Results
A total of 49,658 peptides and 4056 proteins were quantitated. Our results first showed that a high proportion of activated NK cells, naive B cells, and neutrophils in the glomerulus, activated NK cells in interstitial, and resting NK cells were accumulated in tubules in LN. The immune-related function analysis of differential expression proteins in different regions indicated that the glomerulus and interstitial were major sites of immune disturbance and regulation connected with immune response activation. Furthermore, we identified 7, 8, and 9 hub genes in LN’s glomerulus, renal interstitial, and tubules. These hub genes were significantly correlated with the infiltration of immune cell subsets. We screened out ALB, CTSB, LCN2, A2M, CDC42, VIM, LTF, and CD14, which show higher performance as candidate biomarkers after correlation analysis with clinical indexes. The function within three regions of the kidney was analyzed. The differential expression proteins (DEGs) between interstitial and glomerulus were significantly enriched in the immune-related biological processes, and myeloid leukocyte-mediated immunity and cellular response to hormone stimulus. The DEGs between tubules and glomerulus were significantly enriched in cell activation and leukocyte-mediated immunity. While the DEGs between tubules and interstitial were enriched in response to lipid, antigen processing, and presentation of peptide antigen response to oxygen-containing compound, the results indicated a different function within kidney regions.

Conclusions
Collectively, we revealed spatial proteomics and immune signature of LN kidney regions by combined using LCM and DIA.
Association between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality in Chilean adult population: prospective results from two national health surveys
Authors: Luna Eliazar , Pikhart Hynek , Peasey Anne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Depression is a prevalent disorder with effects beyond mental health. A positive association with mortality has been mostly reported, however, evidence comes from a few high-income countries. This study aims to assess the association between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality in the Chilean population and assess a potential secular effect in this association.

Methods
This prospective study used data from the Chilean National Health Survey (CNHS). Data from 3151 and 3749 participants from the 2003 and 2010 CNHS, respectively, were linked to mortality register data. Cox survival analysis was performed. The main exposure was depressive symptoms, measured with CIDI-SF (cut-off ≥ 5), and the outcome all-cause mortality. The study period was limited to 8.5 years to allow for the same length of follow-up.

Results
10% and 8.5% of participants from the 2003 and 2010 cohort died during the follow-up. Adjusting for age and sex, those with depressive symptoms had 1.58 (95% CI 1.18–2.13) and 1.65 (95% CI 1.14–2.12) times the risk to die than those without symptoms in the 2003 and 2010 cohort, respectively. In models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural variables and comorbidities, participants with depressive symptoms had 1.42 (95% CI 1.05–1.92) and 1.46 (95% CI 1.07–− 1.99) times the risk to die compared to those without symptoms in the 2003 and 2010 cohort, respectively.

Conclusion
Chilean adults with depressive symptoms are at higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to those without symptoms. The effect size was similar regardless of the economic development of the country.
No man is an island: trust, trustworthiness, and social networks among refugees in Germany
Authors: El-Bialy Nora , Aranda Elisa Fraile , Nicklisch Andreas , Saleh Lamis , Voigt Stefan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe analyze possible links between both trust and trustworthiness among Syrian refugees in Germany in relation to two different forms of social networking: bonding networks, which include only other Syrians, and bridging networks, which include people from the host country. Our results show that Syrians who engage in bonding networks show higher levels of trust and (un)conditional trustworthiness when interacting with a Syrian compared to a German participant. In turn, for refugees engaged in bridging networks, the positive discrimination refugees display towards their own peers decreases regarding trust and conditional trustworthiness and vanishes regarding unconditional trustworthiness. Newly arrived Syrian refugees tend to engage in bonding networks, whereas the length of stay and having a private home coincide with more bridging networks.
Bayesian log-linear beta-negative binomial integer-valued Garch model
Authors: Chu Yuanqi , Yu Keming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen dealing with time series with outlying and atypical data, a commonly used approach is to develop models based on heavy-tailed distributions. The literature coping with continuous-valued time series with extreme observations is well explored. However, current literature on modelling integer-valued time series data with heavy-tailedness is less considered. The state of the art research on this topic is presented by Gorgi (J R Stat Soc Ser B (Stat Methodol) 82:1325–1347, 2020) very recently, which introduced a linear Beta-negative binomial integer-valued generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (BNB-INGARCH) model. However, such proposed process allows for positive correlation only. This paper develops a log-linear version of the BNB-INGARCH model, which accommodates both negative and positive serial correlations. Moreover, we adopt Bayesian inference for better quantifying the uncertainty of unknown parameters. Due to the high computational demand, we resort to adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling schemes for parameter estimations and inferences. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated via a simulation study and empirical applications.