bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food & Fertility Study: study protocol for a Danish multicentre prospective cohort study investigating the association between food intake and semen quality, pregnancy and birth outcomes in infertile women and men
Authors: Borgstrøm Maria Buhl , Ahrendt Bjerregaard Anne , Olsen Sjurdur F , Gabrielsen Anette , Humaidan Peter , Kesmodel Ulrik Schiøler 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionWorldwide infertility is highly prevalent, and lifestyle factors, such as food intake, could have an essential role in the success of a fertility treatment. The literature is not consistent and adequate for recommendations to the increasing number of women and men of reproductive age who ask for lifestyle guidance. Therefore, the aims of the Food & Fertility Study will be to investigate the possible association between food intake and semen quality in men, and pregnancy and live birth rates in women undergoing intrauterine insemination or assisted reproductive technology treatment.Methods and analysisThe Food & Fertility Study is a multicentre prospective cohort study which plans to enrol a total of 4000 women and men between 2022 and 2024. Data collection will take place in four fertility clinics through a web-based Food Frequency Questionnaire. Data on sperm quality and pregnancy and live birth rates will be obtained from medical records and national registers.Ethics and disseminationThe study is registered with and approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency, the North Denmark Region (j.nr: 2019-055298). Further, a Statement of Work and a Master Collaboration Agreement have been submitted and approved by the regional legal departments (AGR-2019-731-9667). Dissemination of the results will be through national and international conferences, in scientific environments, in the form of lectures to the broader public, and by peer-reviewed publications in international scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT05454046.
Estimating causal effects of physical disability and number of comorbid chronic diseases on risk of depressive symptoms in an elderly Chinese population: a machine learning analysis of cross-sectional baseline data from the China longitudinal ageing social survey
Authors: Wang Zhenjie , Yang Hanmo , Sun Chenxi , Hong Shenda 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the causal effects of physical disability and number of comorbid chronic diseases on depressive symptoms in an elderly Chinese population.Design, setting and analysisCross-sectional, baseline data were obtained from the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey, a stratified, multistage, probabilistic sampling survey conducted in 2014 that covers 28 of 31 provincial areas in China. The causal effects of physical disability and number of comorbid chronic diseases on depressive symptoms were analysed using the conditional average treatment effect method of machine learning. The causal effects model’s adjustment was made for age, gender, residence, marital status, educational level, ethnicity, wealth quantile and other factors.OutcomeAssessment of the causal effects of physical disability and number of comorbid chronic diseases on depressive symptoms.Participants7496 subjects who were 60 years of age or older and who answered the questions on depressive symptoms and other independent variables of interest in a survey conducted in 2014 were included in this study.ResultsPhysical disability and number of comorbid chronic diseases had causal effects on depressive symptoms. Among the subjects who had one or more functional limitations, the probability of depressive symptoms increased by 22% (95% CI 19% to 24%). For the subjects who had one chronic disease and those who had two or more chronic diseases, the possibility of depressive symptoms increased by 13% (95% CI 10% to 15%) and 20% (95% CI 18% to 22%), respectively.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that the presence of one or more functional limitations affects the occurrence of depressive symptoms among elderly people. The findings of our study are of value in developing programmes that are designed to identify elderly individuals who have physical disabilities or comorbid chronic diseases to provide early intervention.
Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care: a systematic review
Authors: Christian Bradley , George Ajesh , Veginadu Prabhakar , Villarosa Amy , Makino Yuka , Kim Warrick Junsuk , Masood Mohd , Martin Rachel , Harada Yuriko , Mijares-Majini Maria Carmela 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesIntegration of oral health into primary care has been proposed as a primary healthcare approach for efficient and sustainable delivery of oral health services, and the effective management of oral diseases. This paper aimed to synthesise evidence on the effectiveness of strategies to integrate oral health into primary care.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane and Google Scholar were searched without date limits until the third week of June 2022. Reference lists of eligible studies were also searched. Experts in the field and existing professional networks were consulted.Eligibility criteriaOnly studies that evaluated integration strategies were included in the review. Eligibility was restricted to English language studies published in academic peer-reviewed journals.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data and performed the risk of bias assessments. A narrative synthesis approach was used to report review findings. Heterogeneity among included studies precluded a meta-analysis.ResultsThe search identified 8731 unique articles, of which 49 were included in the review. Majority of the studies explored provision of oral healthcare by primary care professionals in primary care settings, where integration was primarily via training/education and/or policy changes. Most studies reported results favouring the integration strategy, such as improvements in referral pathways, documentation processes, operating efficiencies, number of available health staff, number of visits to non-dental primary care professionals for oral health issues, proportion of children receiving fluoride varnish applications/other preventive treatment, proportion of visits to an oral health professional and dental caries estimates.ConclusionThe findings from this review demonstrate that the majority of identified strategies were associated with improved outcomes and can be used to inform decision-making on strategy selection. However, more research and evaluation are required to identify best practice models of service integration.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020203111.
Social support and psychosocial well-being among older adults in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lu Ji , Xiong Juyang , Tang Shangfeng , Bishwajit Ghose , Guo Shuyan 
Published: July 2023

The objective of the study was to identify the association between social support and psychosocial well-being among men and women aged over 65 years in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsCross-sectional data on 36 621 men (n=15 719) and women (n=20,902) aged 65 years or higher were obtained from the ninth round of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. The outcomes were measured by psychosocial well-being reflected with self-reported depression, nervousness, loneliness and sleep disturbances. Social support was measured in terms of receiving help from own children, relatives and neighbours/friends/colleagues since the pandemic outbreak.ResultAbout one-third of the participants reported depression (31.03%), nervousness (32.85%), loneliness (32.23%) and sleep trouble (33.01%). The results of multivariable regression analysis revealed that social support was a protective factor to psychological well-being. For instance, receiving help from own children (RD=−0.13, 95% CI=−0.14 to –0.12), relatives (RD=−0.08, 95% CI=−0.11 to –0.06), neighbours/friends/colleagues (RD=−0.11, 95% CI=−0.13 to –0.09) and receiving home care (RD=−0.20, 95% CI=−0.22 to –0.18) showed significantly lower risk difference for depression. Similar findings were noted for loneliness, nervousness, and sleep trouble as well, with the risk difference being slightly different for men and women in the gender-stratified analysis. For instance, the risk difference in depression for receiving help from own children was −0.10 (95% CI=−0.12 to –0.08) among men compared with −0.12 (95% CI=−0.14 to –0.11) among women. The risk differences in the outcome measures were calculated using generalised linear model for binomial family.ConclusionFindings of the present study highlight a protective role of social support on psychological well-being among both men and women. Developing strategies to promote social support, especially among older adults, may mitigate the rising burden of psychological illness during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Origin of gases and waters from a hypersaline, carbonate spring on Anticosti Island, Québec, Canada
Authors: Daoust Pascale , Clark Ian D. , Desrochers André 
Published: July 2023

Hypersaline spring water (TDS ∼ 85 g/L) and gas are escaping from the top of a calcite travertine mound on Anticosti Island. This mound is located in the Chaloupe River area above the Jupiter Fault which cuts through the Ordovician formations in the subsurface, including the oil and gas-rich Macasty Shale Formation. The Cl content is approximately 3 times that of seawater, but the geochemical profile indicates it to be a Paleozoic basin brine (geogenic He = 2E–7 cc/cc) evaporatively enriched beyond halite saturation (Br:Cl molar ratio = 0.0022 ± 0.00013) that has been diluted by some 73 ± 6% with meteoric waters. Measurable tritium (3.4 TU) indicates this to be a mixture of modern and Holocene recharge. The radioiodine (129I < 10 million atoms/L) is a three-component mixture of geogenic and post-nuclear contributions with low levels in pre-nuclear Holocene recharge. Degassing at the vent (1% to 2% CO2,PCO2 = 0.02 atm, >90% CH4) provokes calcite precipitation and travertine mound formation. Methane comprises a thermo-catalytic component and a biogenic component produced at depth in the organic-rich Macasty Formation by reduction of surface-derived dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC; a14C = 3.5 pMC), producing enriched δ13CDICvalues recorded in the travertine. The occurrence of basin-derived brine and gas discharging in association with the surface expression of the Jupiter fault implies that this fault provides a pathway for deep circulation of meteoric waters, likely driven by the relief on the island.
Static de-Sitter black holes abhor charged scalar hair
Authors: An Yu-Ping , Li Li 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe prove a no charged scalar hair theorem for static black holes in de-Sitter spacetime in the region between the event horizon and the cosmological horizon. The proof does not depend on the assumption of spherical symmetry. It allows for general non-minimal coupling functions of the scalar field to gravity and electromagnetic fields, and for higher curvature term corrections to Einstein gravity. The extension to other asympitotic spacetimes is applicable by requiring appropriate boundary conditions. Our result excludes the possibility for spontaneous scalarization of charged scalar around static charged de-Sitter black holes.
Determinants of Survival with Combined HER2 and PD-1 Blockade in Metastatic Esophagogastric Cancer
Authors: Maron Steven B. , Chatila Walid , Walch Henry , Chou Joanne F. , Ceglia Nicholas , Ptashkin Ryan , Do Richard Kinh Gian , Paroder Viktoriya , Pandit-Taskar Neeta , Lewis Jason S. , Biachi De Castria Tiago , Sabwa Shalom , Socolow Fiona , Feder Lara , Thomas Jasmine , Schulze Isabell , Kim Kwanghee , Elzein Arijh , Bojilova Viktoria , Zatzman Matthew , Bhanot Umesh , Nagy Rebecca J. , Lee Jeeyun , Simmons Marc , Segal Michal , Ku Geoffrey Yuyat , Ilson David H. , Capanu Marinela , Hechtman Jaclyn F. , Merghoub Taha , Shah Sohrab , Schultz Nikolaus , Solit David B. , Janjigian Yelena Y. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
We report updated clinical outcomes from a phase II study of pembrolizumab, trastuzumab, and chemotherapy (PTC) in metastatic esophagogastric cancer in conjunction with outcomes from an independent Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) cohort.

Patients and Methods:
The significance of pretreatment 89Zr-trastuzumab PET, plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) dynamics, and tumor HER2 expression and whole exome sequencing was evaluated to identify prognostic biomarkers and mechanisms of resistance in patients treated on-protocol with PTC. Additional prognostic features were evaluated using a multivariable Cox regression model of trastuzumab-treated MSK patients (n = 226). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from MSK and Samsung were evaluated for mechanisms of therapy resistance.

Results:
89Zr-trastuzumab PET, scRNA-seq, and serial ctDNA with CT imaging identified how pre-treatment intrapatient genomic heterogeneity contributes to inferior progression-free survival (PFS). We demonstrated that the presence of intensely avid lesions by 89Zr-trastuzumab PET declines in tumor-matched ctDNA by 3 weeks, and clearance of tumor-matched ctDNA by 9 weeks were minimally invasive biomarkers of durable PFS. Paired pre- and on-treatment scRNA-seq identified rapid clearance of HER2-expressing tumor clones with expansion of clones expressing a transcriptional resistance program, which was associated with MT1H, MT1E, MT2A, and MSMB expression. Among trastuzumab-treated patients at MSK, ERBB2 amplification was associated with improved PFS, while alterations in MYC and CDKN2A/B were associated with inferior PFS.

Conclusions:
These findings highlight the clinical relevance of identifying baseline intrapatient heterogeneity and serial ctDNA monitoring of HER2-positive esophagogastric cancer patients to identify early evidence of treatment resistance, which could guide proactive therapy escalation or deescalation.
The Effectiveness of Butterfly Hug in Reducing Anxiety Long-Distance Relationship (LDR) with Parents in Nursing Students
Authors: Caturini Endang , Safitri Nastiti Dyah , Sugi Sugiyarto 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Anxiety related to a long-distance relationship with parents is an unpleasant emotional reaction when away from parents that can cognitively interfere with feelings and emotions caused by feelings of loneliness and longing for home. One of the ways to reduce anxiety is a butterfly hug.
Methods Using quasi-experimental with the control group and pre-posttest design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The sample consisted of 60 respondents divided into a control group of 30 respondents and an intervention group of 30 respondents. Using the Zung Self-Anxiety Rating Scale for the instrument. The intervention group received a butterfly hug for 6 days in 8 sessions every day, and the control group received music therapy for 6 days. Bivariate analysis used the parametric test paired sample t-test to see the difference between the prepost-test intervention group and to see the difference between the prepost-test control group on the anxiety level using the nonparametric Wilcoxon test. Analysis of bivariate test to see the difference between groups using the independent sample t-test.
Result: The results of the Wilcoxon test of the anxiety level control group p=0,274 (p=>0,05), meanwhile the results of the intervention group of the paired sample t-test intervention group there was a significant effect (p=0,000). The results of the independent sample t-test between the control and intervention groups were p=0,001 (p=<0,05).
Conclusions: Butterfly hug therapy is an effective therapy to reduce anxiety in LDR with parents in nursing students. This therapy is expected to be applied and used as an intervention to reduce anxiety.
Chronic Electronic Cigarette Use and Atherosclerosis Risk in Young People: A Cross-Sectional Study—Brief Report
Authors: Kelesidis Theodoros , Sharma Madhav , Sharma Eashan , Ruedisueli Isabelle , Tran Elizabeth , Middlekauff Holly R. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Little is known whether electronic cigarettes (ECIG) increase vulnerability to future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We determined, using an ex vivo mechanistic atherogenesis assay, whether proatherogenic changes including monocyte transendothelial migration and monocyte-derived foam cell formation are increased in people who use ECIGs.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional single-center study using plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy participants who are nonsmokers or with exclusive use of ECIGs or tobacco cigarettes (TCIGs), autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells with patient plasma and pooled peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy nonsmokers with patient plasma were utilized to dissect patient-specific ex vivo proatherogenic circulating factors present in plasma and cellular factors present in monocytes. Our main outcomes were monocyte transendothelial migration (% of blood monocyte cells that undergo transendothelial migration through a collagen gel) and monocyte-derived foam cell formation as determined by flow cytometry and the median fluorescence intensity of the lipid-staining fluorochrome BODIPY in monocytes of participants in the setting of an ex vivo model of atherogenesis.

Results:

Study participants (N=60) had median age of 24.0 years (interquartile range [IQR], 22.0–25.0 years), and 31 were females. Monocyte transendothelial migration was increased in people who exclusively used TCIGs (n=18; median [IQR], 2.30 [ 1.29–2.82];
P
<0.001) and in people who exclusively used ECIGs (n=21; median [IQR], 1.42 [ 0.96–1.91];
P
<0.01) compared with nonsmoking controls (n=21; median [IQR], 1.05 [0.66–1.24]). Monocyte-derived foam cell formation was increased in people who exclusively used TCIGs (median [IQR], 2.01 [ 1.59–2.49];
P
<0.001) and in people who exclusively used ECIGs (median [IQR], 1.54 [ 1.10–1.86];
P
<0.001) compared with nonsmoker controls (median [IQR], 0.97 [0.86–1.22]). Both monocyte transendothelial migration and monocyte-derived foam cell formation were higher in TCIG smokers compared with ECIG users and in ECIG users who were former smokers versus ECIG users who were never smokers (
P
<0.05 for all comparisons).

Conclusions:
The finding of alterations in proatherogenic properties of blood monocytes and plasma in TCIG smokers compared with nonsmokers validates this assay as a strong ex vivo mechanistic tool with which to measure proatherogenic changes in people who use ECIGs. Similar yet significantly less severe alterations in proatherogenic properties of monocytes and plasma were detected in the blood from ECIG users. Future studies are necessary to determine whether these findings are attributable to a residual effect of prior smoking or are a direct effect of current ECIG use.
What It Means to Be Black in Saudi Arabia: Slavery and Racial Discrimination in Saudi Women’s Fiction
Authors: Dhahir Sanna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Significant among the various taboos broken by contemporary Saudi women writers is the issue of slavery and its concomitant racial and colour prejudice. To explore the treatment of this subject, which remains strikingly understudied, this article focuses on three fictional works by two Saudi writers, Badriyya l-Bišr and Laylā l-Ǧuhanī, who have boldly faced a grave matter with complex psychological and socio-political aspects in order to expose and redress the oppression directed towards not only slaves but their descendants and other black-skinned individuals, male and female. My research argues that both writers, employing literature as a platform for reform, reveal that to a mainstream, tribe-conscious, colour-conscious Arabian culture, black skin can still signify and invite tacit and open forms of stigmatization, denigration, and abuse. Using a multi-disciplinary approach, coupled with textual analyses, this paper shows that the novels aim to restore legitimacy and dignity to a social segment long degraded and objectified due to their race and skin colour.
Capitalising Precarity: Wellbeing of Migrants in Russia
Authors: Turaeva Rano 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to introduce the concept of capitalising precarity to analyse the situation of precarious migration in migrant unfriendly contexts such as Russia. The material analysed in this paper concerns welfare and health inequalities in Russia. Welfare of labour migrants in Russia (both for internal Russian migrants and for foreign migrants) is de facto non-existent and largely self-organised by migrants themselves. State migration policies of Russia as well as welfare policies in the destination countries (Central Asia) are formulated in papers but in practice do not function to ensure some kind of wellbeing and social protection. Working conditions both at home (in Central Asia) and in destination countries (Russia and Kazakhstan) do not comply with average requirements of wellbeing of workers. I was shocked but not surprised to see Central Asian migrant workers in winter cleaning the roofs of Russian houses without any protection. The paper analyses the situation of intermixing of legal and informal practices which have a direct implication for wellbeing of migrants in Russia. The working conditions in Russia for both migrant and non-migrant labour violate basic principles of human rights. The paper also shows that even citizenship does not automatically provide direct access to social welfare where the latter is bound to the permanent registration (propiska). Continuous precarity is capital for other actors such as those who can profit from it such as police officers or other migrants themselves. The findings of this research contribute to the broader literature of labour and welfare in terms challenging the boundaries between citizenship and mobility.
A high pan-immune-inflammation value before chemoradiotherapy indicates poor outcomes in patients with small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Kucuk Ahmet , Topkan Erkan , Ozkan Emine Elif , Ozturk Duriye , Pehlivan Berrin , Selek Ugur 
Published: July 2023

Objectives: The objective of our study was to assess the prognostic significance of the Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) before concurrent chemoradiation (C-CRT) and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods: The medical records of LS-SCLC patients who underwent C-CRT and PCI between January 2010 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. PIV values were calculated using the peripheral blood samples obtained within the past 7 days before the initiation of treatment: PIV = [neutrophils × platelets × monocytes] ÷ lymphocytes. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal pretreatment PIV cutoff values that can partition the study population into two groups with substantially distinct progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes were determined. The relationship between PIV values and OS outcomes was the primary outcome measure. Results: Eighty-nine eligible patients were divided into two PIV groups at an optimal cutoff of 417 [Area under curve (AUC): 73.2%; sensitivity: 70.4%; specificity: 66.7%]: Group 1: PIV < 417 ( N = 36) and Group 2: PIV ≥ 417 ( N = 53). Comparative analyses revealed that patients with PIV < 417 had significantly longer OS (25.0 vs 14.0 months, p < .001) and PFS (18.0 vs 8.9 months, p = .004) compared to patients with PIV ≥ 417. The outcomes of the multivariate analysis have verified the independent significance of pretreatment PIV concerning PFS ( p < .001) and OS ( p < .001) outcomes. Conclusion: The findings of this retrospective study indicate that the pretreatment PIV is a reliable and independent prognostic biomarker for patients with LS-SCLC who were treated with C-CRT and PCI.