bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thin spectra and singular continuous spectral measures for limit‐periodic Jacobi matrices
Authors: Damanik David , Fillman Jake , Wang Chunyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the spectral properties of Jacobi matrices with limit‐periodic coefficients. We show that generically the spectrum is a Cantor set of zero Lebesgue measure, and the spectral measures are purely singular continuous. For a dense set of limit‐periodic Jacobi matrices, we show that the spectrum is a Cantor set of zero lower box counting dimension while still retaining the singular continuity of the spectral type. We also show how results of this nature can be established by fixing the off‐diagonal coefficients and varying only the diagonal coefficients, and, in a more restricted version, by fixing the diagonal coefficients to be zero and varying only the off‐diagonal coefficients. We apply these results to produce examples of weighted Laplacians on the multidimensional integer lattice having purely singular continuous spectral type and zero‐dimensional spectrum.
Elliptic Weingarten hypersurfaces of Riemannian products
Authors: de Lima R. F. , Ramos A. K. , dos Santos J. P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLet be either a simply connected space form or a rank‐one symmetric space of the noncompact type. We consider Weingarten hypersurfaces of , which are those whose principal curvatures and angle function satisfy a relation , being W a differentiable function which is symmetric with respect to . When on the positive cone of , a strictly convex Weingarten hypersurface determined by W is said to be elliptic. We show that, for a certain class of Weingarten functions W, there exist rotational strictly convex Weingarten hypersurfaces of which are either topological spheres or entire graphs over M. We establish a Jellett–Liebmann‐type theorem by showing that a compact, connected and elliptic Weingarten hypersurface of either or is a rotational embedded sphere. Other uniqueness results for complete elliptic Weingarten hypersurfaces of these ambient spaces are obtained. We also obtain existence results for constant scalar curvature hypersurfaces of and which are either rotational or invariant by translations (parabolic or hyperbolic). We apply our methods to give new proofs of the main results by Manfio and Tojeiro on the classification of constant sectional curvature hypersurfaces of and .
Theoretical and numerical decay results of a viscoelastic suspension bridge with variable exponents nonlinearity
Authors: Al‐Mahdi Adel M. , Al‐Gharabli Mohammad M. , Zahri Mostafa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStrong vibrations can cause considerable damage to structures and break materials apart. The main reason for the Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse was the sudden transition from longitudinal to torsional oscillations caused by a resonance phenomenon. There exists evidence that several other bridges collapsed for the same reason. To overcome unwanted vibrations and prevent structures from resonating during earthquakes and winds, features and modifications such as dampers are used to stabilize these bridges. In this work, we study a nonlinear viscoelastic plate equation with variable exponents, which models the deformation of a suspension bridge. First, we establish explicit and general decay results of the system depending on the decay rate of the relaxation function and the nature of the variable‐exponents nonlinearity. Then, we perform several numerical tests to illustrate our theoretical decay results. Our results extend and generalize many earlier works in the literature.
Less saturated, more eco‐friendly: Color saturation and consumer perception of product sustainability
Authors: Pichierri Marco , Pino Giovanni 
Published: June 2023

AbstractColor saturation—the color's purity and intensity (also known as vividness)—is a visual feature that has been under‐investigated in the context of green marketing. To advance knowledge of this topic, we performed five experimental studies to confirm that consumers tend to unconsciously associate low color saturation with a product's “gentler” impact on the environment. This perception of eco‐friendliness, in turn, increases their trust in the product maker's greenness. Our research disentangles the direct and indirect impact (via consumers' perceptions of materials' naturalness, product authenticity, and product durability) of low‐saturation colors on the perceived eco‐friendliness of consumer products. Furthermore, the results reveal that, by fostering perceptions of eco‐friendliness and green trust, such colors favorably influence consumers' behavioral intentions (i.e., their purchase intention and intention to pay a premium price for the product). Ultimately, the paper provides useful insights for companies and marketers interested in leveraging the meaning of color saturation to elicit perceptions of environmental compatibility.
Cellulose Nanocrystal‐Based Gradient Hydrogel Actuators with Controllable Bending Properties
Authors: Roopsung Nontarin , Sugawara Akihide , Hsu Yu‐I , Asoh Taka‐Aki , Uyama Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStimuli‐responsive hydrogel actuators are being increasingly used in microtechnology, but typical bilayer hydrogel actuators have significant drawbacks due to weak adhesive interface between the two layers. In this study, thermoresponsive single‐layer hydrogel actuators are produced by generating a gradient distribution of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogel network by electrophoresis. Tunable bending properties of the composite hydrogels, such as the thermoresponsive bending speed and angle, are realized by varying the electrophoresis time, applied voltage, and CNC concentration. By varying these conditions, the gradient distribution of the CNCs can be optimized, leading to fast bending and large bending angles of the hydrogels. Bending properties are attributed to the gradient distribution of CNCs causing different deswelling rates across the hydrogel network owing to reinforcing effects. Bending ability is also influenced by differences in the CNC dimensions based on the sources of cellulose, which determine the rigidity of the CNC‐rich layer of the polymer composite. It is thus shown that thermoresponsive single‐layer gradient hydrogels with tunable bending properties can be realized.
A High‐Efficient DOPO‐Based Flame Retardant as a Co‐Curing Agent for Simultaneously Enhancing the Fire Safety and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin
Authors: Ou Mingyu , Lian Richeng , Li Rongjia , Cui Jiahui , Guan Haocun , Zhu Jianhao , Liu Lei , Jiao Chuanmei , Chen Xilei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSimultaneously enhancing the fire safety and mechanical properties of epoxy resin (EP) remains a persistent challenge. Herein, a high‐efficient phosphaphenanthrene‐based flame retardant (FNP) is synthesized using 3,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazole, 4‐formylbenzoic acid, and 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide. Due to the presence of active amine groups, FNP is employed as a co‐curing agent for fabricating EP composites with outstanding fire safety and mechanical properties. EP containing 8 wt% FNP (EP/8FNP) achieves a vertical burning (UL‐94) V‐0 rating with a limiting oxygen index of 31%. Meanwhile, FNP declines the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke release of EP/8FNP by 41.1%, 31.8%, and 16.0%, respectively, compared to those of unmodified EP. The increased fire safety of EP/FNP composites is because FNP promotes the formation of an intumescent, compact, and cross‐linking char layer for EP/FNP composites, and releases P‐containing substances and noncombustible gases in the gas phase during combustion. In addition, EP/8FNP exhibits 20.3% and 5.4% increase in the flexural strength and modulus compared with those of pure EP. Furthermore, FNP enhances the glass transition temperature of EP/FNP composites from 141.6 °C for pure EP to 147.3 °C for EP/8FNP. Therefore, this work is conducive to the future development of fabricating fire‐safe EP composites with enhanced mechanical properties.
Monitoring the Chemical Composition of Polyolefins along the Molar Mass Axis with High‐Temperature Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled with an Infrared Detector (HT SEC‐IR5)
Authors: Aboelanin Hamza M. , Deshmukh Subrajeet , Macko Tibor , Arndt Jan‐Hendrik , Podzimek Stepan , Brüll Robert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSeries of ethylene/1‐alkene and ethylene‐propylene‐diene copolymers are separated with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) at 150°C using 1,2,4‐trichlorobenzene as the mobile phase. Methyl (CH3–) and methylene (–CH2–) groups in the separated polymer samples are monitored at specific wavelengths via a filter‐based infrared detector (IR5). It is found that the ratio of CH3/CH2may increase, be constant, decrease or change irregularly along the molar mass axis, depending on the sample under investigation. Because the CH3/CH2profiles may be very different even for a given series of copolymers synthesized with the same catalyst, it is supposed that one or more experimental parameters, which are not strictly controlled throughout synthesis, are responsible for these substantial differences in the chemical composition along the molar mass axis. The correlation between the ratio of CH3– to –CH2– groups and the average chemical composition of the investigated series of polymer samples as well as the reproducibility of the measurements and the limit of detection of the SEC‐IR5 measurements are evaluated. Coupling of SEC with the advanced IR5‐detector enables the convenient and reliable characterization of the chemical composition of many polyolefin materials along their molar mass axis. The monitoring of the chemical composition may help to improve quality of synthesized copolymers.
Gait Analysis in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Passaretti Massimiliano , Maranzano Alessio , Bluett Brent , Rajalingam Rajasumi , Fasano Alfonso 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundGait analysis objectively quantifies gait impairment in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), may improve diagnosis and evaluation for surgical candidacy.ObjectivesThis meta‐analysis aims to understand which objective gait parameters improve after tap‐test (TT) and CSF shunt surgery (CSS), also comparing responders (R) with non‐responders (NR) and to assess if gait restores within the range of healthy controls after procedures.MethodsStudies enrolling iNPH with at least one instrumented gait measure were selected. Three time points of gait assessment were defined: PRE, POST‐TT, and POST‐CSS. Gait velocity, cadence, step length, stride length, and double limb support time were evaluated. Patients were categorized based on responsiveness to CSF diversion procedures.ResultsSeventeen studies including 527 patients were selected. iNPH improved significantly in almost all gait parameters POST‐TT, and to a greater extent POST‐CSS. Gait parameters consistently discriminated iNPH from healthy controls. Despite the aforementioned improvements, iNPH's gait did not completely normalize after CSF diversion procedures. Meta‐regression analysis also revealed that TT's effect on gait velocity plateaus after 24–48 hr and returns to baseline in 90–100 hr.ConclusionsGait analysis is a reliable quantitative instrument to assess gait impairment in iNPH, demarking a net differentiation from healthy controls, according to the notion that the iNPH CSF dynamic alteration also leads to an irreversible damage. Specific gait parameters improve among TT‐R, providing an opportunity to select patients that will respond to CSS. Future studies validating a standardized reporting method including criteria of responsiveness, specific gait parameters, and timeframe of assessment are needed.
Semiconductor industry supply chain productivity changes: Incorporating corporate green performances
Authors: Lu Wen‐Min , Lo Shih‐Fang , Hung Shiu‐Wan , Yo Jung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGreen supply chain management (GSCM) has been applied by semiconductor firms to ameliorate environmental problems. This study aims to evaluate the green performance of semiconductor supply chains to examine the effect of GSCM. Using the meta‐frontier Malmquist productivity index as the research method, and a sample of global semiconductor firms consisting of three groups, design, manufacturing, and assembling, as research objects, this study evaluates variation in performance while considering environmental variables and disregarding environmental variables respectively, and compares the differences between those two conditions for the whole supply chain and each group in the supply chain. This study discovers no significant differences in both considering and disregarding environmental variables scenarios, productivity of the whole supply chain shows progress. This study found the investment in enhancing technology development as a more important factor in productivity improvement and identifies design as the global leading sub‐industry in the semiconductor supply chain.
A three‐way fan‐shaped power divider as a feed‐network of aperture‐coupled antenna arrays
Authors: Priyalatha P. , Kumari Runa , Nandi Sourav 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis letter describes a low‐profile three‐way fan‐shaped power divider integrable with aperture‐coupled antenna arrays. Each unit element is designed with a circular cavity‐based eighth‐mode substrate integrated waveguide. For better impedance matching, tapered feedlines are used at the output side. This structure is well suited for aperture‐coupled antenna arrays with a ground plane between the two substrates. The low‐profile power divider offers a 1 dB insertion loss (excluding the ideal power division of 4.8 dB). Magnitude and phase imbalance between output ports is  dB and , respectively. The performance of the power divider is validated by using it as a feeding circuit for an aperture‐coupled array antenna with three circular patches. The antenna array resonates at 10.5 GHz and gives a gain of 4 dBi.
A wideband magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 4G/5G communication
Authors: Zhou Mengli , Xu Yanhong , Wang Anyi , Hou Jianqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this letter, a wideband magnetoelectric (ME) dipole antenna for 4G/5G communication is proposed. The bandwidth of the antenna is greatly enhanced by loading two pairs of metallic circular loops on the planar electric dipole. With the loops, the antenna impedance bandwidth in terms of 10 dB is improved from 48.3% (1.98–3.24 GHz) to 86.8% (1.465–3.71 GHz), that is, 79.7% bandwidth enhancement is achieved. The surface current of the proposed antenna is analyzed in detail. It shows that when the length of the loops approaches half a wavelength, the loops contribute new resonant modes, thereby increasing the impedance bandwidth. A prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated counterparts. Meanwhile, the antenna gain ranges from 7.42 to 12.8 dBi across the operational frequency region. Stable radiation patterns with low crosspolarization levels are obtained in both E‐ and H‐plane.
Reconfigurable dipole receive array for dynamic parallel imaging at ultra‐high magnetic field
Authors: Nikulin Anton V. , Glang Felix , Avdievich Nikolai I. , Bosch Dario , Steffen Theodor , Scheffler Klaus 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo extend the concept of 3D dynamic parallel imaging, we developed a prototype of an electronically reconfigurable dipole array that provides sensitivity alteration along the dipole length.MethodsWe developed a radiofrequency array coil consisting of eight reconfigurable elevated‐end dipole antennas. The receive sensitivity profile of each dipole can be electronically shifted toward one or the other end by electrical shortening or lengthening the dipole arms using positive‐intrinsic‐negative‐diode lump‐element switching units. Based on the results of electromagnetic simulations, we built the prototype and tested it at 9.4 T on phantom and healthy volunteer. A modified 3D SENSE reconstruction was used, and geometry factor (g‐factor) calculations were performed to assess the new array coil.ResultsElectromagnetic simulations showed that the new array coil was capable of alteration of its receive sensitivity profile along the dipole length. Electromagnetic and g‐factor simulations showed closely agreeing predictions when compared to the measurements. The new dynamically reconfigurable dipole array provided significant improvement in geometry factor compared to static dipoles. We obtained up to 220% improvement for 3 × 2 (Ry × Rz) acceleration compared to the static configuration case in terms of maximum g‐factor and up to 54% in terms of mean g‐factor for the same acceleration.ConclusionWe presented an 8‐element prototype of a novel electronically reconfigurable dipole receive array that permits rapid sensitivity modulations along the dipole axes. Applying dynamic sensitivity modulation during image acquisition emulates two virtual rows of receive elements along the z‐direction, and therefore improves parallel imaging performance for 3D acquisitions.
Denoising single MR spectra by deep learning: Miracle or mirage?
Authors: Dziadosz Martyna , Rizzo Rudy , Kyathanahally Sreenath P. , Kreis Roland 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe inherently poor SNR of MRS measurements presents a significant hurdle to its clinical application. Denoising by machine or deep learning (DL) was proposed as a remedy. It is investigated whether such denoising leads to lower estimate uncertainties or whether it essentially reduces noise in signal‐free areas only.MethodsNoise removal based on supervised DL with U‐nets was implemented using simulated 1H MR spectra of human brain in two approaches: (1) via time‐frequency domain spectrograms and (2) using 1D spectra as input. Quality of denoising was evaluated in three ways: (1) by an adapted fit quality score, (2) by traditional model fitting, and (3) by quantification via neural networks.ResultsVisually appealing spectra were obtained; hinting that denoising is well‐suited for MRS. However, an adapted denoising score showed that noise removal is inhomogeneous and more efficient for signal‐free areas. This was confirmed by quantitative analysis of traditional fit results as well as DL quantitation following DL denoising. DL denoising, although apparently successful as judged by mean squared errors, led to substantially biased estimates in both implementations.ConclusionThe implemented DL‐based denoising techniques may be useful for display purposes, but do not help quantitative evaluations, confirming expectations based on estimation theory: Cramér Rao lower bounds defined by the original data and the appropriate fitting model cannot be circumvented in an unbiased way for single data sets, unless additional prior knowledge can be incurred in the form of parameter restrictions/relations or applicable substates.
Social and healthcare professionals’ experiences of end‐of‐life care planning and documentation in palliative care
Authors: Kuusisto Anne , Saranto Kaija , Korhonen Päivi , Haavisto Elina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo explore social and healthcare professionals' experiences of end‐of‐life (EOL) care planning and documentation in palliative care.DesignA qualitative study with narrative methodology.MethodsA narrative method with interviews was used. Data were collected from purposively selected registered nurses (n = 18), practical nurses (n = 5), social workers (n = 5) and physicians (n = 5) working in palliative care unit in five hospitals in three hospital districts. Content analysis within narrative methodologies was undertaken.ResultsTwo main categories – patient‐oriented EOL care planning and multi‐professional EOL care planning documentation– were formed. Patient‐oriented EOL care planning included treatment goals planning, disease treatment planning and EOL care setting planning. Multi‐professional EOL care planning documentation included healthcare professionals' and social professionals' perspectives. Healthcare professionals' perspectives on EOL care planning documentation included benefits of structured documentation and poor support of electronic health record (EHR) for documentation. Social professionals' perspective on EOL care planning documentation included usefulness of multi‐professional documentation and externality of social professionals in multi‐professional documentation.ConclusionThe results of this interdisciplinary study demonstrated a gap between what healthcare professionals consider important in Advance Care Planning (ACP), that is, proactive, patient‐oriented and multi‐professional EOL care planning and the ability to access and document this in a useful and accessible way in the EHR.Relevance to Clinical PracticeKnowledge of the patient‐centered EOL care planning and multi‐professional documentation processes and their challenges are prerequisites for documentation to be supported by technology.Reporting MethodThe Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was followed.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Influence of weaving parameters on thermal protection performance of gradient3Dwoven composite
Authors: Wang Tongkai , Liang Haoran , Jiang Zuhang , Zhu Mengdie , Li Weijie , Zhang Zhongwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA dual‐scale ablation model was developed to address the lack of research on the influence of weaving parameters of gradient 3D woven composites on the ablation performance. It consists of a mesoscale heat transfer model and a macroscale ablation model, and they are effectively connected by parametric conduction. By comparing with experimental results, the accuracy of the model was demonstrated. The effect of yarn spacing, recession resistant layer thickness on the thermal protection performance of gradient 3D woven composite was investigated. Furthermore, the effect of each weaving parameter on the integrated performance of ablation resistance, thermal insulation and light‐weight level is evaluated. The results show each weaving parameter has a substantial impact on thermal protection performance, with weft spacing and binder yarn spacing being the most significant influence. Reasonable design of these parameters can facilitate the comprehensive performance of composites. These results serve as a useful reference for refinement design of thermal protection materials.
Advance care planning in an interracial dyad: Case illustration of an intervention to improve engagement in end‐of‐life care planning
Authors: McConnell Kelly M. , Rogers Madeline , Prigerson Holly G. , Maciejewski Paul K. , Daly Bobby , Adelman Ronald , Shen Megan 
Published: June 2023

Key Points

Prognostic understanding among advanced cancer patients is associated with higher levels of engagement in advance care planning (ACP), preference for comfort over aggressive care, and receipt of goal‐concordant care, but few patients have accurate prognostic understanding.

Talking about Cancer (TAC) is a communication‐based intervention for advanced cancer patients and their caregivers designed to improve shared accurate prognostic understanding.

This case study describes the use of TAC with an interracial friend dyad for whom medical mistrust and experienced bias on the part of the patient significantly impacted interactions with the medical team.

Using TAC strategies, this dyad was able to improve communication with the oncology team and each other and engage in ACP.