bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
North Flinders Reef (Coral Sea, Australia) Porites sp. corals as a candidate Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series
Authors: Zinke Jens , Cantin Neal E , DeLong Kristine L , Palmer Kylie , Boom Arnoud , Hajdas Irka , Duprey Nicolas , Martínez-García Alfredo , Rose Neil L , Roberts Sarah L , Yang Handong , Roberts Lucy R , Cundy Andrew B , Gaca Pawel , Milton James Andy , Frank Grace , Cox Adam , Sampson Sue , Tyrrell Genevieve , Agg Molly , Turner Simon D 
Published: February 2023

Corals are unique in the suite of proposed Anthropocene Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) archives, as living organisms that produce aragonite exoskeletons preserved in the geological record that contain highly accurate and precise (<±1 year) internal chronologies. The GSSP candidate site North Flinders Reef in the Coral Sea (Australia) is an offshore oceanic reef, and therefore less vulnerable to local human influences than those closer to the coast. Here, we present geochemical records from two Porites sp. corals sampled at an annual to pluri-annual (i.e. 3–5 years) resolution that shows clear global and regional human impacts. Atmospheric nuclear bomb testing by-products (14C,239+240Pu) show a clear increase in the Flinders Reef corals coincident with well-dated nuclear testing operations. By contrast, the radionuclides 241Am and 137Cs are present at low or undetectable levels, as are spheroidal carbonaceous fly-ash particles. Coral δ13C shows centennial variability likely influenced by growth effects in the 18th century and with a progression to lower values starting in 1880 CE and accelerating post-1970 CE. The latter may be related to the Suess effect resulting from 13C-depleted fossil fuel burning. Coral δ15N decreased between 1710 and 1954 CE with a reversal post-1954 CE. Coral temperature proxies indicate prominent centennial variability with equally warm conditions in the 18th and end of 20th century. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for the mid-20th century changes in these parameters need to be scrutinised in further detail. Plain Language summary: This work proposes a candidate natural archive for the official marker of the Anthropocene that geologists will use to mark this important interval in time. Our candidate is a live coral from North Flinders Reef in the Coral Sea (Australia), located 150 km east of the Great Barrier Reef, a location that is remote from direct local human influences. Corals are a unique archive of tropical ocean change because they incorporate the geochemical signature from seawater into their limestone skeleton during their long life-spans. Here we investigated a number of geochemical markers in yearly growth layers of the corals to define several markers for the Anthropocene based on changes in temperature, water chemistry, chemicals from pollution and fertilisers, radioactive products from nuclear bomb testing, and by-products from burning fossil fuels. We have detected clear human influences in several of these markers.
Effect of Changes in Iliocapsularis Cross-sectional Area on Hip Arthroscopy Outcomes: Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Follow-up
Authors: Gao Guanying , Wang Cheng , Liu Rongge , Wang Jianquan , Ao Yingfang , Xu Yan 
Published: February 2023

Background: The function of the iliocapsularis (IC) muscle is still unclear. Previous studies have reported that the cross-sectional area of the IC may be useful in identifying borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH). Purpose: To evaluate the pre- to postoperative changes in IC cross-sectional area in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and to determine if there are any associations with clinical outcomes after hip arthroscopy. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The authors retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery for FAI at a single institution between January 2019 and December 2020. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to lateral center-edge angle: BDDH group (20°-25°), control group (25°-40°), and pincer group (>40°). Supine anteroposterior hip radiographs, 45° Dunn view radiographs, computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained for all patients preoperatively and postoperatively. The cross-sectional areas of the IC and the rectus femoris (RF) were measured on an axial MRI slice at the level of the femoral head center. Preoperative and final follow-up scores on the visual analog scale for pain and the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) were compared between groups with the independent-samples t test. Results: A total of 141 patients (mean age, 38.5 years; 64 male, 77 female) were included. The preoperative IC-to-RF ratio of the BDDH group was significantly higher than that of the pincer group ( P < .05). In the BDDH group, there was significant pre- to postoperative decrease in IC cross-sectional area and the IC-to-RF ratio ( P < .05 for both) as well as a significant correlation between the preoperative IC cross-sectional area and the postoperative mHHS ( r = 0.434; P = .027). Conclusion: Patients with BDDH had a significantly higher preoperative IC-to-RF ratio than patients with pincer morphology. A higher preoperative IC cross-sectional area was associated with better postoperative patient-reported outcomes after arthroscopy for the treatment of FAI combined with BDDH.
Resilience and Influencing Factors Among Youths Undergoing Substance Abuse Treatment in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dallas Jinjutha Chaisena , Jullamate Pornchai , Vatanasin Duangjai , Moungkum Saifone , Nadarajan Sivasankari , Krungkraipetch Nisakorn 
Published: February 2023

Introduction Resilience aids rapid recovery from substance abuse, prevents the likelihood of relapse, and improves the quality of life of the youths with substance abuse. Objective This study aimed to assess the resilience level and related factors predicting resilience among youths undergoing substance abuse treatment in Thailand. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design with a simple random sampling technique was used. A total of 430 young substance abusers undergoing treatment were recruited from ten treatment centers in Eastern Thailand from April to June 2021. Data were collected using nine questionnaires: demographic form, resilience questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire, psychological flexibility for substance abuser questionnaire, cognitive fusion questionnaire, substance abuse self-stigma scale, family connectedness scale, friendship intimacy questionnaire, and personal resource questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data. Results The results showed a high level of resilience (89.30%) among the youths undergoing substance abuse treatment. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the significant factors associated with resilience include self-esteem (β = 0.260, p < .001), psychological flexibility (β = 0.222, p < .001), social support (β = 0.209, p < .000), and family connectedness (β = −0.194, p < .001). All the variables collectively explained 26.9% of the variance for resilience among the youths with substance abuse ( R2 = .269, p < .001). Conclusion Determining resilience and its related factors among the youths undergoing substance abuse treatment is significant as it guides the formulation of the substance abuse treatment programs, improves mental health and quality of life, and prevents relapse.
Medication Adherence and Contributing Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Adama Hospital Medical College in Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Yosef Tewodros , Nureye Dejen , Tekalign Eyob , Assefa Elias , Shifera Nigusie 
Published: February 2023

Introduction Good glycemic control and preventing early complications are the ultimate targets of diabetes management, which depends on patients’ adherence to regimens. Even though highly potent and effective medications have been developed and manufactured with astonishing advancement over the past few decades, excellent glycemic control has remained elusive. Objective This study aimed to assess the magnitude and factors associated with medication adherence among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients on follow-up at Adama Hospital Medical College (AHMC) in East Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 245 T2D patients on follow-up at AHMC from March 1 to March 30, 2020. Medication adherence reporting scale-5 (MARS-5) was utilized to collect information regarding patients’ medication adherence. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 21. The level of significance was declared at a p-value of  < .05. Results Of the 245 respondents, the proportion of respondents who adhere to diabetes medication was 29.4%, 95% CI [confidence interval] (23.7%–35.1%). After adjusting for khat chewing and adherence to blood glucose testing as confounding factors, being married (AOR [adjusted odds ratio]  =  3.43, 95%CI [1.27–4.86]), government employee (AOR  =  3.75, 95%CI [2.12–7.37]), no alcohol drinking (AOR  =  2.25, 95%CI [1.32–3.45]), absence of comorbidity (AOR  =  1.49, 95%CI [1.16–4.32]), and having diabetes health education at health institution (AOR  =  3.43, 95%CI [1.27–4.86]) were the factors associated with good medication adherence. Conclusion The proportion of T2D patients who adhere to medication in the study area was remarkably low. The study also found that being married, government employee, no alcohol drinking, absence of comorbidity, and having diabetes health education at a health institution were the factors associated with good medication adherence. Therefore, imparting health education on the importance of diabetes medication adherence by health professionals at each follow-up visit should be considered. Besides, awareness creation programs regarding diabetes medication adherence should be considered using mass media (radio and television).
Deep phenotypic analysis of psychiatric features in genetically defined cohorts: application to XYY syndrome
Authors: Raznahan Armin , Rau Srishti , Schaffer Luke , Liu Siyuan , Fish Ari M. , Mankiw Catherine , Xenophontos Anastasia , Clasen Liv S. , Joseph Lisa , Thurm Audrey , Blumenthal Jonathan D. , Bassett Dani S. , Torres Erin N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Recurrent gene dosage disorders impart substantial risk for psychopathology. Yet, understanding that risk is hampered by complex presentations that challenge classical diagnostic systems. Here, we present a suite of generalizable analytic approaches for parsing this clinical complexity, which we illustrate through application to XYY syndrome.

Method
We gathered high-dimensional measures of psychopathology in 64 XYY individuals and 60 XY controls, plus additional interviewer-based diagnostic data in the XYY group. We provide the first comprehensive diagnostic description of psychiatric morbidity in XYY syndrome and show how diagnostic morbidity relates to functioning, subthreshold symptoms, and ascertainment bias. We then map behavioral vulnerabilities and resilience across 67 behavioral dimensions before borrowing techniques from network science to resolve the mesoscale architecture of these dimensions and links to observable functional outcomes.

Results
Carriage of an extra Y-chromosome increases risk for diverse psychiatric diagnoses, with clinically impactful subthreshold symptomatology. Highest rates are seen for neurodevelopmental and affective disorders. A lower bound of < 25% of carriers are free of any diagnosis. Dimensional analysis of 67 scales details the profile of psychopathology in XYY, which survives control for ascertainment bias, specifies attentional and social domains as the most impacted, and refutes stigmatizing historical associations between XYY and violence. Network modeling compresses all measured symptom scales into 8 modules with dissociable links to cognitive ability, adaptive function, and caregiver strain. Hub modules offer efficient proxies for the full symptom network.

Conclusions
This study parses the complex behavioral phenotype of XYY syndrome by applying new and generalizable analytic approaches for analysis of deep-phenotypic psychiatric data in neurogenetic disorders.
Whole-genome sequence of Macaca fascicularis: liver tissue
Authors: Seo Eun-Hye , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Kim Da-Hee , Oh Jung-Hwa , Kim Seon-Young 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThrombocytopenia is a condition that causes a low amount of blood platelets. Platelets are blood cells that play an essential role in blood coagulation. Therefore, thrombocytopenia can put the patient at risk for mild to severe bleeding. Thrombocytopenia is caused by a decrease in platelet production in the bone marrow or by a drug or immune system problem when production is normal. In particular, in some ASO-induced thrombocytopenia, the mechanism is not clear. Therefore, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to discover genetic differences that affect thrombocytopenia and individual susceptibility to drugs between normal and reduced platelet monkeys despite administering the same ASO.Data descriptionThree antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) substances were injected into the subcutaneous tissue of monkeys for 12 weeks in two experiments. The monkeys were classified into three groups: monkeys with thrombocytopenia, monkeys without thrombocytopenia, and control monkeys not treated with ASO substances. Whole genome sequencing data was generated using liver tissues of monkeys. These data will be useful for identifying genetic differences that affect thrombocytopenia and drug sensitivity.
Post discharge management of heart failure patients: clinical findings at the first medical visit in a single-center study
Authors: Sall F. , Adoubi A. , Boka C. , Koffi N. , Ouattara P. , Dakoi A. , Anzouan-Kacou J. B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The Post Discharge Management of patients with heart failure impact significantly their incomes. This study aims to analyze the clinical findings and management at the first medical visit of these patients in our context.

Material and methods
This is a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study on consecutive files of patients hospitalized for heart failure from January to December 2018 in our Department. We analyse data from the first post discharge medical visit including medical visit time, clinical conditions and management.

Results
Three hundred and eight patients (mean age: 53.4 ± 17.0 years, 60% males) were hospitalized on median duration of 4 days [1–22 days]. One hundred and fifty-three patients (49,67%) were presented at the first medical visit after 66.53 days[0.06–369] on average, 10 (3.24%) patients died before this first medical visit and 145 (47.07%) had been lost to follow-up. The re-hospitalization and treatment non-compliance rates were 9.4% and 3.6%, respectively. Male gender (p = 0.048), renal failure (p = 0.010), and Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) /direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) (p = 0.049) were the main lost to follow-up factors in univariate analysis without statistic signification in multivariate analysis. Hyponatremia (OR = 2.339; CI 95% = 0.908–6.027; p = 0.020) and atrial fibrillation (OR = 2.673; CI 95% = 1.321–5.408; p = 0.012) were the major mortality factors.

Conclusion
The management of patients with heart failure after discharge from hospital seems to be insufficient and inadequate. A specialized unit is required to optimize this management.
Associations between transitions of intrinsic capacity and frailty status, and 3-year disability
Authors: Jia Shuli , Zhao Wanyu , Ge Meiling , Xia Xin , Hu Fengjuan , Hao Qiukui , Zhang Yan , Yang Mei , Yue Jirong , Dong Birong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The trajectory of frailty and intrinsic capacity (IC) often overlap in older adults. Longitudinal analyses of transitions of frailty and IC, and their associations with incident functional decline are limited. The present study aimed to identify transitions of frailty status and IC, and explore associations between transitions of frailty and IC, and future disability among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods
In the West China and Aging Trend Study, 808 participants aged ≥ 60 years completed baseline and three years follow-up (frailty, IC and disability assessments). Physical frailty was measured based on Fried phenotype. IC was evaluated by five domains (cognition, locomotion, sensory, psychological, and vitality). Disability was defined as a need for assistance in any items in activity of daily living (ADL) or the instrumental activity of daily living (IADL). Logistic regressions were performed to examine their relationships.

Results
Four transitions of IC status (kept well: 27.4%, improved: 8.4%, worsened: 35.4%, and kept poor: 28.8%), and two transitions of frailty status (kept not-frail/improved: 93.2%, kept frail/worsened: 6.8%) were identified. Impaired locomotion and vitality at baseline were significantly associated with kept frail or worsened frail. However, impaired sensory and vitality at baseline not frailty status was significantly associated with transitions of IC. Adjusted for covariates and transitions of frailty, kept poor IC was associated with ADL (OR = 2.26, 95%CI = 1.17,4.34) and IADL disability (OR = 3.74, 95%CI = 1.79, 7.82).

Conclusions
Transitions of IC, but not frailty were associated with higher risk of incident disability. Baseline locomotion and vitality impairment were associated with worsened or kept frail. Our findings support the WHO’s notion of monitoring and optimizing IC to delay deterioration of IC and preventing frailty and disability.

Clinical trial number
ChiCTR1800018895
Barriers and facilitators to oral PrEP uptake among high-risk men after HIV testing at workplaces in Uganda: a qualitative study
Authors: Nabunya Racheal , Karis Victoria M. S. , Nakanwagi Lydia Joslyline , Mukisa Pius , Muwanguzi Patience A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMen in Uganda contribute significantly to new HIV infections annually yet PrEP uptake among them is low and those initiated are likely to discontinue usage. We explored the barriers and facilitators to PrEP uptake among high-risk men employed in private security services with negative HIV results after testing at workplaces in Uganda.MethodsAn explorative qualitative study comprising in-depth participant interviews. Data were collected via telephone calls and manually analyzed by inductive content analysis.ResultsFifty-six (56) men participated, 27(48.21%) had heard about PrEP, and 29(51.79%) were willing to initiate it. Four categories emerged for the facilitators of PrEP uptake including the perceived need for HIV prevention, awareness creation, availability, and sexual freedom. Six categories emerged for the barriers to PrEP uptake. These were: Inaccessibility of PrEP services, Misinformation, Knowledge deficit, Medication-related barriers, Potential for increased risky sexual behavior, and Perceptions about PrEP use.ConclusionThe findings suggest the need for healthcare providers to offer information regarding PrEP and HIV prevention services and mass sensitization campaigns to facilitate uptake. Participants recommend mass roll-out of PrEP to lower-level facilities and accessible pick-up points for men such as workplaces. The men also suggested the use of longer-acting PrEP modalities such as an injectable option or an option that is utilized specifically by the female partner. Finally, the stigma surrounding PrEP use could be reduced by the separation of PrEP and ART services at health facilities, or special pick-up days to reduce waiting times.
De novo upper tract urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation: a single-center experience in China
Authors: Li Shixin , Zhang Jian , Tian Ye , Zhu Yichen , Guo Yuwen , Wang Zhipeng , Yang Yang , Ding Guangpu , Lin Jun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-term prognosis and risk factors of de novo upper tract urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation were rarely studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features, risk factors, and long-term prognosis of de novo upper tract urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation, especially the impact of aristolochic acid on tumor, using a large sample.

Methods
106 patients were enrolled in retrospective study. The endpoints included overall survival, cancer-specific survival, bladder or contralateral upper tract recurrence-free survival. Patients were grouped according to aristolochic acid exposure. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curve. Log-rank test was used to compare the difference. Multivariable cox regression was conducted to evaluate the prognostic significance.

Results
Median time from transplantation to development of upper tract urothelial carcinoma was 91.5 months. Cancer-specific survival rate at 1, 5, 10 years was 89.2%, 73.2%, 61.6%. Tumor staging (≥ T2), lymph node status (N +) were independent risk factors for cancer-specific death. Contralateral upper tract recurrence-free survival rate at 1, 3, 5 years was 80.4%, 68.5%, 50.9%. Aristolochic acid exposure was independent risk factor for contralateral upper tract recurrence. The patients exposed to aristolochic acid had more multifocal tumors and higher incidence of contralateral upper tract recurrence.

Conclusion
Both higher tumor staging and positive lymph node status were associated with a worse cancer-specific survival in patients with post-transplant de novo upper tract urothelial carcinoma, which highlighted the importance of early diagnosis. Aristolochic acid was associated with multifocality of tumors and higher incidence of contralateral upper tract recurrence. Thus, prophylactic contralateral resection was suggested for post-transplant upper tract urothelial carcinoma, especially for patients with aristolochic acid exposure.
Lived experiences and coping strategies of persons seeking infertility treatment in the Kumasi metropolis: a descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Annan-Frey Louisa , Boateng Edward Appiah , Lomotey Alberta , Lartey Christopher , Dzomeku Veronica 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundWomen seeking fertility treatment face myriad challenges that they must adapt and adjust to daily. This aimed at exploring the experiences and coping strategies of such persons in the Kumasi.Metropolis.MethodsA qualitative approach was employed and a purposive sampling technique was used to select 19 participants. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data. The data collected were analyzed using Colaizzi's method of data analysis.ResultsPersons living with infertility had emotional experiences of anxiety, stress, and depression. Socially, participants experienced isolation, stigma, societal pressure, and marital problems due to their inability to conceive. The key coping strategies adopted were spiritual (faith-based) and social support. Though formal child adoption can be an option, no participant preferred it as a coping strategy. Some participants also reported using herbal medicine before going to the fertility centre upon realizing that the approach was not helping in achieving their desired outcome.ConclusionInfertility is a source of suffering for most women diagnosed with it, resulting in significant negative experiences in their matrimonial homes, families, friends, and the community at large. Most participants rely on spiritual and social support as their immediate and basic coping strategies. Future research could evaluate the treatment and coping strategies and also determine the outcomes of other forms of treatment for infertility.