bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ether phospholipids are required for mitochondrial reactive oxygen species homeostasis
Authors: Chen Ziheng , Ho I-Lin , Soeung Melinda , Yen Er-Yen , Liu Jintan , Yan Liang , Rose Johnathon L. , Srinivasan Sanjana , Jiang Shan , Edward Chang Q. , Feng Ningping , Gay Jason P. , Wang Qi , Wang Jing , Lorenzi Philip L. , Veillon Lucas J. , Wei Bo , Weinstein John N. , Deem Angela K. , Gao Sisi , Genovese Giannicola , Viale Andrea , Yao Wantong , Lyssiotis Costas A. , Marszalek Joseph R. , Draetta Giulio F. , Ying Haoqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMitochondria are hubs where bioenergetics, redox homeostasis, and anabolic metabolism pathways integrate through a tightly coordinated flux of metabolites. The contributions of mitochondrial metabolism to tumor growth and therapy resistance are evident, but drugs targeting mitochondrial metabolism have repeatedly failed in the clinic. Our study in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) finds that cellular and mitochondrial lipid composition influence cancer cell sensitivity to pharmacological inhibition of electron transport chain complex I. Profiling of patient-derived PDAC models revealed that monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and MUFA-linked ether phospholipids play a critical role in maintaining ROS homeostasis. We show that ether phospholipids support mitochondrial supercomplex assembly and ROS production; accordingly, blocking de novo ether phospholipid biosynthesis sensitized PDAC cells to complex I inhibition by inducing mitochondrial ROS and lipid peroxidation. These data identify ether phospholipids as a regulator of mitochondrial redox control that contributes to the sensitivity of PDAC cells to complex I inhibition.
Plasticity in ventral pallidal cholinergic neuron-derived circuits contributes to comorbid chronic pain-like and depression-like behaviour in male mice
Authors: Ji Ya-Wei , Shen Zi-Lin , Zhang Xue , Zhang Kairan , Jia Tao , Xu Xiangying , Geng Huizhen , Han Yu , Yin Cui , Yang Jian-Jun , Cao Jun-Li , Zhou Chunyi , Xiao Cheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNucleus- and cell-specific interrogation of individual basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic circuits is crucial for refining targets to treat comorbid chronic pain-like and depression-like behaviour. As the ventral pallidum (VP) in the BF regulates pain perception and emotions, we aim to address the role of VP-derived cholinergic circuits in hyperalgesia and depression-like behaviour in chronic pain mouse model. In male mice, VP cholinergic neurons innervate local non-cholinergic neurons and modulate downstream basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These cholinergic circuits are mobilized by pain-like stimuli and become hyperactive during persistent pain. Acute stimulation of VP cholinergic neurons and the VP-BLA cholinergic projection reduces pain threshold in naïve mice whereas inhibition of the circuits elevated pain threshold in pain-like states. Multi-day repetitive modulation of the VP-BLA cholinergic pathway regulates depression-like behaviour in persistent pain. Therefore, VP-derived cholinergic circuits are implicated in comorbid hyperalgesia and depression-like behaviour in chronic pain mouse model.
Clinical trajectories of individuals with severe mental illness continuing and discontinuing long-acting antipsychotics: a one-year mirror-image analysis from the STAR Network Depot study
Authors: Ostuzzi Giovanni , Tedeschi Federico , Bertolini Federico , Cotugno Carlo , Aguglia Andrea , Bartoli Francesco , Carrà Giuseppe , D’Agostino Armando , Martinotti Giovanni , Barbui Corrado , Gastaldon Chiara , Papola Davide 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvidence on long-acting antipsychotics (LAIs) in unselected populations with severe mental illness is scant. In this mirror-image study, we compared multiple clinical outcomes 1 year before and after a first LAI prescription in adults with severe mental illness, describing clinical trajectories of LAI continuers and discontinuers. We compared LAI continuers and discontinuers through Mann–Whitney U test, Kaplan–Meier survival curves, regression for interval-censored data, and a maximum-likelihood mixed-model with individual random-effect and time as predictor. Of the 261 participants analyzed, 71.3% had schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, and 29.5% discontinued the LAI before 1 year. At baseline, LAI discontinuers had a shorter illness duration, lower attitude and adherence scores. The mirror-image analysis showed reduced hospital admissions only for LAI continuers. Over time, continuers spent less days hospitalized, but had more adverse events and more antipsychotics prescribed, with higher overall doses. In conclusion, this study shows that LAIs might be beneficial in unselected patient populations, provided that adherence is maintained. LAI continuers spent less time hospitalized, but received more antipsychotics and suffered from more cumulative adverse events over time. Therefore, the choice of initiating and maintaining a LAI should be carefully weighed on a case-by-case basis.
Extent and reproduction of coastal species on plastic debris in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Authors: Haram Linsey E. , Carlton James T. , Centurioni Luca , Choong Henry , Cornwell Brendan , Crowley Mary , Egger Matthias , Hafner Jan , Hormann Verena , Lebreton Laurent , Maximenko Nikolai , McCuller Megan , Murray Cathryn , Par Jenny , Shcherbina Andrey , Wright Cynthia , Ruiz Gregory M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe show that the high seas are colonized by a diverse array of coastal species, which survive and reproduce in the open ocean, contributing strongly to its floating community composition. Analysis of rafting plastic debris in the eastern North Pacific Subtropical Gyre revealed 37 coastal invertebrate taxa, largely of Western Pacific origin, exceeding pelagic taxa richness by threefold. Coastal taxa, including diverse taxonomic groups and life history traits, occurred on 70.5% of debris items. Most coastal taxa possessed either direct development or asexual reproduction, possibly facilitating long-term persistence on rafts. Our results suggest that the historical lack of available substrate limited the colonization of the open ocean by coastal species, rather than physiological or ecological constraints as previously assumed. It appears that coastal species persist now in the open ocean as a substantial component of a neopelagic community sustained by the vast and expanding sea of plastic debris.
Sub-symmetry-protected topological states
Authors: Wang Ziteng , Wang Xiangdong , Hu Zhichan , Bongiovanni Domenico , Jukić Dario , Tang Liqin , Song Daohong , Morandotti Roberto , Chen Zhigang , Buljan Hrvoje 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA hallmark of symmetry-protected topological phases are topological boundary states, which are immune to perturbations that respect the protecting symmetry. It is commonly believed that any perturbation that destroys such a topological phase simultaneously destroys the boundary states. However, by introducing and exploring a weaker sub-symmetry requirement on perturbations, we find that the nature of boundary state protection is in fact more complex. Here we demonstrate that the boundary states are protected by only the sub-symmetry, using Su–Schrieffer–Heeger and breathing kagome lattice models, even though the overall topological invariant and the associated topological phase can be destroyed by sub-symmetry-preserving perturbations. By precisely controlling symmetry breaking in photonic lattices, we experimentally demonstrate such sub-symmetry protection of topological states. Furthermore, we introduce a long-range hopping symmetry in breathing kagome lattices, which resolves a debate on the higher-order topological nature of their corner states. Our results apply beyond photonics and could be used to explore the properties of symmetry-protected topological phases in the absence of full symmetry in different physical contexts.
A chromosome-level genome assembly of the yellow-throated marten (Martes flavigula)
Authors: Mei Xuesong , Liu Guangshuai , Yan Jiakuo , Zhao Chao , Wang Xibao , Zhou Shengyang , Wei Qinguo , Zhao Shihu , Liu Zhao , Sha Weilai , Zhang Honghai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe yellow-throated marten (Martes flavigula) is a medium-sized carnivore that is widely distributed across much of Asia and occupies an extensive variety of habitats. We reported a high-quality genome assembly of this organism that was generated using Oxford Nanopore and Hi-C technologies. The final genome sequences contained 215 contigs with a total size of 2,449.15 Mb and a contig N50 length of 68.60 Mb. Using Hi-C analysis, 2,419.20 Mb (98.78%) of the assembled sequences were anchored onto 21 linkage groups. Merqury evaluation suggested that the genome was 94.95% complete with a QV value of 43.75. Additionally, the genome was found to comprise approximately 39.74% repeat sequences, of which long interspersed elements (LINE) that accounted for 26.13% of the entire genome, were the most abundant. Of the 20,464 protein-coding genes, prediction and functional annotation was successfully performed for 20,322 (99.31%) genes. The high-quality, chromosome-level genome of the marten reported in this study will serve as a reference for future studies on genetic diversity, evolution, and conservation biology.
The chromosome-level genome of Cherax quadricarinatus
Authors: Chen Honglin , Zhang Rui , Liu Feng , Shao Changwei , Liu Fangfang , Li Weidong , Ren Jindong , Niu Baolong , Liu Haipeng , Lou Bao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRed claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) is an aquatic crustacean with considerable potential for the commercial culture and an ideal model for studying the mechanism of sex determination. To provide better genomic resources, we assembled a chromosome-level genome with a size of 5.26 Gb and contig N50 of 144.33 kb. Nearly 90% of sequences were anchored to 100 chromosomes, which represents the high-quality crustacean genome with the largest number of chromosomes ever reported. The genome contained 78.69% repeat sequences and 20,460 protein-coding genes, of which 82.40% were functionally annotated. This chromosome-scale genome would be a valuable reference for assemblies of other complex genomes and studies of evolution in crustaceans.
Efficiency scale for scattering luminescent particles linked to fundamental and measurable spectroscopic properties
Authors: Würth Christian , Behnke Thomas , Gienger Jonas , Resch-Genger Ute 
Published: April 2023

AbstractComparing the performance of molecular and nanoscale luminophores and luminescent micro- and nanoparticles and estimating achievable signal amplitudes and limits of detection requires a standardizable intensity scale. This initiated the development of the relative MESF (number of molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochromes) and ERF (equivalent reference fluorophores) scales for flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Both intensity scales rely on fluorescence intensity values assigned to fluorescent calibration beads by an intensity comparison to spectrally closely matching fluorophore solutions of known concentration using a spectrofluorometer. Alternatively, the luminophore or bead brightness (B) can be determined that equals the product of the absorption cross section (σa) at the excitation wavelength (σa(λex)) and the photoluminescence quantum yield (Φpl). Thereby, an absolute scale based on fundamental and measurable spectroscopic properties can be realized which is independent of particle size, material, and luminophore staining or labeling density and considers the sensitivity of the optical properties of luminophores to their environment. Aiming for establishing such a brightness scale for light-scattering dispersions of luminescent particles with sizes exceeding a few ten nanometers, we demonstrate how the brightness of quasi-monodisperse 25 nm, 100 nm, and 1 µm sized polystyrene particles (PSP), loaded with two different dyes in varying concentrations, can be obtained with a single custom-designed integrating sphere setup that enables the absolute determination of Φpl and transmittance and diffuse reflectance measurements. The resulting Φpl, σa(λex), imaginary parts of the refractive index, and calculated B values of these samples are given in dependence of the number of incorporated dye molecule per particle. Finally, a unitless luminescence efficiency (LE) is defined allowing for the direct comparison of luminescence efficiencies of particles with different sizes.
Health economic evaluation of a randomized controlled trial (EMBLA study), an internet-based treatment for provoked vulvodynia
Authors: Hess Engström A. , Bohm-Starke N. , Buhrman M. , Högberg U. , Skalkidou A. , Lagenskiöld S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInternet-based treatment (IBT) for provoked vulvodynia (PVD) may reduce pain during intercourse and increases pain acceptance. However, a there is still a knowledge gap regarding the cost-effectiveness of IBT for PVD. The aim of this study was to perform a health economic evaluation of guided internet-based intervention for PVD as an addition to standard treatment. The sample consisted of 99 women with a PVD diagnosis. Healthcare related costs, health-related quality of life, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were analyzed. After the IBT, the intervention group had fewer visits to a midwife than the control group (p = 0.03), but no between-group differences were found for visits to other professionals, treatment length, health-related quality of life, QALYs, and costs for treatment. It was estimated a cost of 260.77 € for a clinical meaningful change in pain acceptance. Internet-based treatment as add-on to clinical treatment may lower number of visits to a healthcare.
Magneto radiative and heat convective flow boundary layer in Maxwell fluid across a porous inclined vertical plate
Authors: Sudarmozhi K. , Iranian D. , Khan Ilyas , S. Al-johani Amnah , Eldin Sayed M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeat transport in a 2D steady radiative boundary layer with Maxwell fluid flow and the influence of heat generation and MHD has been studied across a porous inclined vertical plate. Through similarity transformation, the mathematical modelling is converted to ODEs, and the built-in solver Bvp4c via MATLAB is used to solve. The linear movement of an inclined porous plate introduced the flow. The MHD (M), Prandtl number (Pr), radiation (Rd), Rayleigh number (Ra), local Nusselt number (Nux), angle of inclination (γ), and material relaxation time (β) have a considerable impact on the flow field as a result. The local Nusselt numbers and the skin friction coefficient are also given as numbers. The validation with the numerical solution is presented. The results are shown, and a thorough physical analysis has been done. The temperature of the fluid rises due to the greater electric field, increasing the heat transfer on the inclined plate. However, skin friction increases dramatically as the heat radiation parameter rises. The critical findings of this study are that the temperature profile increases and the velocity profile lower as the inclination angle increases. The Maxwell fluid parameter raises the velocity profile as well.
MR-orthopantomography in operative dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery: a proof of concept study
Authors: Al-Haj Husain Adib , Schmidt Valérie , Valdec Silvio , Stadlinger Bernd , Winklhofer Sebastian , Schönegg Daphne , Sommer Stefan , Özcan Mutlu , Al-Haj Husain Nadin , Piccirelli Marco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis prospective study aimed to present, compare, and evaluate the suitability of five different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols (3D double-echo steady-state (DESS), 3D fast spin echo short-tau inversion recovery (SPACE-STIR), 3D fast spin echo spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPACE-SPAIR), volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (T1-VIBE-Dixon), and ultrashort echo time (UTE)) and for orthopantomogram (OPG)-like MRI reconstructions using a novel mandibular coil. Three readers assessed MR-OPGs of 21 volunteers regarding technical image quality (4, excellent; 0, severely reduced), susceptibility to artifacts (3, absence; 0, massive), and visualization of anatomical structures in the oral cavity and surrounding skeletal structures (4, fine details visible; 0, no structures visible). Average image quality was good (3.29 ± 0.83) for all MRI protocols, with UTE providing the best image quality (3.52 ± 0.62) and no to minor artifacts (2.56 ± 0.6). Full diagnostic interpretability of the osseous structures is best in VIBE-Dixon and UTE MR-OPGs. DESS provided excellent visualization of the finest details of the nervous tissue (3.95 ± 0.22). Intra-reader and inter-reader agreement between the readers was good to excellent for all protocols (ICCs 0.812–0.957). MR-OPGs provide indication-specific accurate imaging of the oral cavity and could contribute to the early detection of pathologies, staging, and radiological follow-up of oral and maxillofacial diseases.
Visuo-spatial attention and semantic memory competition in the parietal cortex
Authors: Capotosto Paolo , Sulpizio Valentina , Galati Gaspare , Baldassarre Antonello 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeuroimaging studies associate specific functional roles to distinct brain regions investigating separate cognitive processes using dedicated tasks. For example, using both correlative (i.e., fMRI) and causal (i.e., TMS) approaches it has been shown the involvement of intra-parietal sulcus (IPS), as part of the dorsal attention network, in spatial attentional tasks as well as the importance of the angular gyrus (AG), as part of the default mode network, during the selection of relevant information in semantic memory. Nonetheless, in our daily life attention and semantic memory are rarely needed in isolation. In the present TMS study we investigate how the brain combines attentional and semantic memory demands in a single task. Results showed that, compared to a pseudo-TMS, stimulation of IPS, but not AG, affects behavioral performance, thus suggesting its preponderant role in such a combined task. Moreover, the lack of difference between the effect of IPS and AG stimulations seems to suggest that the two regions may be coactivated or that a third-party source might indirectly mediate the interaction between the two networks.
A spirocyclic backbone accesses new conformational space in an extended, dipole-stabilized foldamer
Authors: Roe William Edward , Warnock Toyah Mary Catherine , Knipe Peter Clarke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMost aromatic foldamers adopt uniform secondary structures, offering limited potential for the exploration of conformational space and the formation of tertiary structures. Here we report the incorporation of spiro bis-lactams to allow controlled rotation of the backbone of an iteratively synthesised foldamer. This enables precise control of foldamer shape along two orthogonal directions, likened to the aeronautical yaw and roll axes. XRD, NMR and computational data suggest that homo-oligomers adopt an extended right-handed helix with a pitch of over 30 Å, approximately that of B-DNA. Compatibility with extant foldamers to form hetero-oligomers is demonstrated, allowing greater structural complexity and function in future hybrid foldamer designs.
Climate targets in European timber-producing countries conflict with goals on forest ecosystem services and biodiversity
Authors: Blattert Clemens , Mönkkönen Mikko , Burgas Daniel , Di Fulvio Fulvio , Toraño Caicoya Astor , Vergarechea Marta , Klein Julian , Hartikainen Markus , Antón-Fernández Clara , Astrup Rasmus , Emmerich Michael , Forsell Nicklas , Lukkarinen Jani , Lundström Johanna , Pitzén Samuli , Poschenrieder Werner , Primmer Eeva , Snäll Tord , Eyvindson Kyle 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe European Union (EU) set clear climate change mitigation targets to reach climate neutrality, accounting for forests and their woody biomass resources. We investigated the consequences of increased harvest demands resulting from EU climate targets. We analysed the impacts on national policy objectives for forest ecosystem services and biodiversity through empirical forest simulation and multi-objective optimization methods. We show that key European timber-producing countries – Finland, Sweden, Germany (Bavaria) – cannot fulfil the increased harvest demands linked to the ambitious 1.5°C target. Potentials for harvest increase only exists in the studied region Norway. However, focusing on EU climate targets conflicts with several national policies and causes adverse effects on multiple ecosystem services and biodiversity. We argue that the role of forests and their timber resources in achieving climate targets and societal decarbonization should not be overstated. Our study provides insight for other European countries challenged by conflicting policies and supports policymakers.
Catalytic production of ammonia from dinitrogen employing molybdenum complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene-based PCP-type pincer ligands
Authors: Ashida Yuya , Mizushima Takuro , Arashiba Kazuya , Egi Akihito , Tanaka Hiromasa , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMechanistic insight into the catalytic production of ammonia from dinitrogen is needed to improve the synthesis of this vital molecule. Here we study the use of samarium diiodide (SmI2) and water in the presence of molybdenum complexes that bear PCP-type pincer ligands to synthesize ammonia. The proton-coupled electron transfer during the formation of a N–H bond on the molybdenum imide complex was found to be the rate-determining step at high catalyst concentrations. Additionally, the dimerization step of the catalyst became the rate-determining step at low catalyst concentrations. We designed PCP-type pincer ligands with various substituents at the 5- and 6-positions and observed that electron-withdrawing groups promoted the reaction rate, as predicted by density functional theory calculations. A molybdenum trichloride complex that bears a trifluoromethyl group functioned as the most effective catalyst and produced up to 60,000 equiv. ammonia based on the molybdenum atom of the catalyst, with a molybdenum turnover frequency of up to 800 equiv. min−1. The findings reported here can contribute to the development of an environmentally friendly next-generation nitrogen-fixation system.
Effect of water-soluble polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta on high-fat diet-induced obese mice: changes in gut microbiota and metabolic functions
Authors: Liu Bingshu , Yu Leilei , Zhai Qixiao , Li Miaoyu , Li Liuruolan , Tian Fengwei , Chen Wei 
Published: April 2023

Morchella esculenta polysaccharides increased the abundance of Dubosiella, Lactobacillus and Rikenellaceae RC9, and improved acetic acid and butyric acid levels to alleviate obesity in mice caused by a high fat diet.
Enzyme synergy for plant cell wall polysaccharide degradation
Authors: Khamassi Ahmed , Dumon Claire 
Published: April 2023

AbstractValorizing plant cell wall, marine and algal polysaccharides is of utmost importance for the development of the circular bioeconomy. This is because polysaccharides are by far the most abundant organic molecules found in nature with complex chemical structures that require a large set of enzymes for their degradation. Microorganisms produce polysaccharide-specific enzymes that act in synergy when performing hydrolysis. Although discovered since decades enzyme synergy is still poorly understood at the molecular level and thus it is difficult to harness and optimize. In the last few years, more attention has been given to improve and characterize enzyme synergy for polysaccharide valorization. In this review, we summarize literature to provide an overview of the different type of synergy involving carbohydrate modifying enzymes and the recent advances in the field exemplified by plant cell-wall degradation.