bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing artificial intelligence in Canadian primary care: Barriers and strategies identified through a national deliberative dialogue
Authors: Darcel Katrina , Upshaw Tara , Craig-Neil Amy , Macklin Jillian , Steele Gray Carolyn , Chan Timothy C. Y. , Gibson Jennifer , Pinto Andrew D. 
Published: February 2023

Background
With large volumes of longitudinal data in electronic medical records from diverse patients, primary care is primed for disruption by artificial intelligence (AI) technology. With AI applications in primary care still at an early stage in Canada and most countries, there is a unique opportunity to engage key stakeholders in exploring how AI would be used and what implementation would look like.

Objective
To identify the barriers that patients, providers, and health leaders perceive in relation to implementing AI in primary care and strategies to overcome them.

Design
12 virtual deliberative dialogues. Dialogue data were thematically analyzed using a combination of rapid ethnographic assessment and interpretive description techniques.

Setting
Virtual sessions.

Participants
Participants from eight provinces in Canada, including 22 primary care service users, 21 interprofessional providers, and 5 health system leaders

Results
The barriers that emerged from the deliberative dialogue sessions were grouped into four themes: (1) system and data readiness, (2) the potential for bias and inequity, (3) the regulation of AI and big data, and (4) the importance of people as technology enablers. Strategies to overcome the barriers in each of these themes were highlighted, where participatory co-design and iterative implementation were voiced most strongly by participants.

Limitations
Only five health system leaders were included in the study and no self-identifying Indigenous people. This is a limitation as both groups may have provided unique perspectives to the study objective.

Conclusions
These findings provide insight into the barriers and facilitators associated with implementing AI in primary care settings from different perspectives. This will be vital as decisions regarding the future of AI in this space is shaped.
On a weak maximum principle for a class of fractional diffusive equations
Authors: Kenne Cyrille , Mophou Gisèle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider two evolution equations involving the space fractional Laplace operator of order

0
<
s
<
1

{0<s<1}

. We first establish some existence and uniqueness results for the considered evolution equations. Next, we give some comparison theorems and prove that, if the data of each equation are data bounded, then the solutions are also bounded.
On the fractional Korn inequality in bounded domains: Counterexamples to the case ps < 1
Authors: Harutyunyan Davit , Mikayelyan Hayk 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The validity of Korn’s first inequality in the fractional setting in bounded domains has been open. We resolve this problem by proving that in fact Korn’s first inequality holds in the case

p
s
>
1

ps\gt 1

for fractional

W

0

s
,
p

(

Ω

)

{W}_{0}^{s,p}\left(\Omega )

Sobolev fields in open and bounded

C

1

{C}^{1}

-regular domains

Ω
⊂

R

n

\Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}

. Also, in the case

p
s
<
1

ps\lt 1

, for any open bounded

C

1

{C}^{1}

domain

Ω
⊂

R

n

\Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}

, we construct counterexamples to the inequality, i.e., Korn’s first inequality fails to hold in bounded domains. The proof of the inequality in the case

p
s
>
1

ps\gt 1

follows a standard compactness approach adopted in the classical case, combined with a Hardy inequality, and a recently proven Korn second inequality by Mengesha and Scott [A Fractional Korn-type inequality for smooth domains and a regularity estimate for nonlinear nonlocal systems of equations, Commun. Math. Sci. 20 (2022), no. 2, 405–423]. The counterexamples constructed in the case

p
s
<
1

ps\lt 1

are interpolations of a constant affine rigid motion inside the domain away from the boundary and of the zero field close to the boundary.
EEG-based driver states discrimination by noise fraction analysis and novel clustering algorithm
Authors: Fu Rongrong , Li Zheyu , Wang Shiwei , Xu Dong , Huang Xiaodong , Liang Haifeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Driver states are reported as one of the principal factors in driving safety. Distinguishing the driving driver state based on the artifact-free electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is an effective means, but redundant information and noise will inevitably reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the EEG signal. This study proposes a method to automatically remove electrooculography (EOG) artifacts by noise fraction analysis. Specifically, multi-channel EEG recordings are collected after the driver experiences a long time driving and after a certain period of rest respectively. Noise fraction analysis is then applied to remove EOG artifacts by separating the multichannel EEG into components by optimizing the signal-to-noise quotient. The representation of data characteristics of the EEG after denoising is found in the Fisher ratio space. Additionally, a novel clustering algorithm is designed to identify denoising EEG by combining cluster ensemble and probability mixture model (CEPM). The EEG mapping plot is used to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of noise fraction analysis on the denoising of EEG signals. Adjusted rand index (ARI) and accuracy (ACC) are used to demonstrate clustering performance and precision. The results showed that the noise artifacts in the EEG were removed and the clustering accuracy of all participants was above 90%, resulting in a high driver fatigue recognition rate.
Scrollar invariants, syzygies and representations of the symmetric group
Authors: Castryck Wouter , Vermeulen Floris , Zhao Yongqiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe give an explicit minimal graded free resolution, in terms of representations of the symmetric groupSd{S_{d}}, of a Galois-theoretic configuration ofdpoints in𝐏d-2{\mathbf{P}^{d-2}}that was studied by Bhargava in the context of ring parametrizations. When applied to the geometric generic fiber of a simply branched degreedcover of𝐏1{\mathbf{P}^{1}}by a relatively canonically embedded curveC, our construction gives a new interpretation for the splitting types of the syzygy bundles appearing in its relative minimal resolution. Concretely, our work implies that all these splitting types consist of scrollar invariants of resolvent covers. This vastly generalizes a prior observation due to Casnati, namely that the first syzygy bundle of a degree 4 cover splits according to the scrollar invariants of its cubic resolvent. Our work also shows that the splitting types of the syzygy bundles, together with the multi-set of scrollar invariants, belong to a much larger class of multi-sets of invariants that can be attached toC→𝐏1{C\to\mathbf{P}^{1}}: one for each irreducible representation ofSd{S_{d}}, i.e., one for each partition ofd.
On the existence of nonnegative radial solutions for Dirichlet exterior problems on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Jleli Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We investigate the existence and nonexistence of nonnegative radial solutions to exterior problems of the form

Δ

H

m

u

(

q

)

+
λ
ψ

(

q

)

K

(

r

(

q

)

)

f

(

r

2
−
Q

(

q

)

,
u

(

q

)

)

=
0

{\Delta }_{{{\mathbb{H}}}^{m}}u\left(q)+\lambda \psi \left(q)K\left(r\left(q))f\left({r}^{2-Q}\left(q),u\left(q))=0

in

B

1

c

{B}_{1}^{c}

, under the Dirichlet boundary conditions

u
=
0

u=0

on

∂

B

1

\partial {B}_{1}

and

lim

r

(

q

)

→
∞

u

(

q

)

=
0

{\mathrm{lim}}_{r\left(q)\to \infty }u\left(q)=0

. Here,

λ
≥
0

\lambda \ge 0

is a parameter,

Δ

H

m

{\Delta }_{{{\mathbb{H}}}^{m}}

is the Kohn Laplacian on the Heisenberg group

H

m

=

R

2
m
+
1

{{\mathbb{H}}}^{m}={{\mathbb{R}}}^{2m+1}

,

m
>
1

m\gt 1

,

Q
=
2
m
+
2

Q=2m+2

,

B

1

{B}_{1}

is the unit ball in

H

m

{{\mathbb{H}}}^{m}

,

B

1

c

{B}_{1}^{c}

is the complement of

B

1

{B}_{1}

, and

ψ

(

q

)

=

∣
z

∣

2

r

2

(

q

)

\psi \left(q)=\frac{| z{| }^{2}}{{r}^{2}\left(q)}

. Namely, under certain conditions on

K

K

and

f

f

, we show that there exists a critical parameter

λ

∗

∈

(

0
,
∞

]

{\lambda }^{\ast }\in \left(0,\infty ]

in the following sense. If

0
≤
λ
<

λ

∗

0\le \lambda \lt {\lambda }^{\ast }

, the above problem admits a unique nonnegative radial solution

u

λ

{u}_{\lambda }

; if

λ

∗

<
∞

{\lambda }^{\ast }\lt \infty

and

λ
≥

λ

∗

\lambda \ge {\lambda }^{\ast }

, the problem admits no nonnegative radial solution. When

0
≤
λ
<

λ

∗

0\le \lambda \lt {\lambda }^{\ast }

, a numerical algorithm that converges to

u

λ

{u}_{\lambda }

is provided and the continuity of

u

λ

{u}_{\lambda }

with respect to

λ

\lambda

, as well as the behavior of

u

λ

{u}_{\lambda }

as

λ
→

λ

∗

−

\lambda \to {{\lambda }^{\ast }}^{-}

, are studied. Moreover, sufficient conditions on the the behavior of

f

(

t
,
s

)

f\left(t,s)

as

s
→
∞

s\to \infty

are obtained, for which

λ

∗

=
∞

{\lambda }^{\ast }=\infty

or

λ

∗

<
∞

{\lambda }^{\ast }\lt \infty

. Our approach is based on partial ordering methods and fixed point theory in cones.
Symmetric skew braces and brace systems
Authors: Bardakov Valeriy G. , Neshchadim Mikhail V. , Yadav Manoj K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
For a skew left brace

(
G
,
⋅
,
∘
)

{(G,\cdot\,,\circ)}

, the map

λ
:

(
G
,
∘
)

→

Aut
⁡

(
G
,
⋅
)

{\lambda:(G,\circ)\to\operatorname{Aut}(G,\cdot\,)}

,

a
↦

λ
a

,

{a\mapsto\lambda_{a},}

where

λ
a

⁢

(
b
)

=

a

-
1

⋅

(

a
∘
b

)

{\lambda_{a}(b)=a^{-1}\cdot(a\circ b)}

for all

a
,
b

∈
G

{a,b\in G}

,
is a group homomorphism. Then λ can also be viewed as a map from

(
G
,
⋅
)

{(G,\cdot\,)}

to

Aut
⁡

(
G
,
⋅
)

{\operatorname{Aut}(G,\cdot\,)}

, which, in general, may not be a homomorphism. A skew left brace will be called λ-anti-homomorphic (λ-homomorphic) if

λ
:

(
G
,
⋅
)

→

Aut
⁡

(
G
,
⋅
)

{\lambda:(G,\cdot\,)\to\operatorname{Aut}(G,\cdot\,)}

is an anti-homomorphism (a homomorphism). We mainly study such skew left braces. We device a method for constructing a class of binary operations on a given set so that the set with any two such operations constitutes a λ-homomorphic symmetric skew brace. Most of the constructions of symmetric skew braces dealt with in the literature fall in the framework of our construction. We then carry out various such constructions on specific infinite groups.
Solution of the backward problem for the space-time fractional diffusion equation related to the release history of a groundwater contaminant
Authors: Salehi Shayegan Amir Hossein , Zakeri Ali , Salehi Shayegan Adib 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Finding the history of a groundwater contaminant plume from final measurements is an ill-posed problem and, consequently, its solution is extremely sensitive to errors in the input data. In this paper, we study this problem mathematically. So, firstly, existence and uniqueness theorems of a quasi-solution in an appropriate class of admissible initial data are given. Secondly, in order to overcome the ill-posedness of the problem and also approximate the quasi-solution, two approaches (computational and iterative algorithms) are provided. In the computational algorithm, the finite element method and TSVD regularization are applied. This method is tested by two numerical examples. The results reveal the efficiency and applicability of the proposed method. Also, in order to construct the iterative methods, an explicit formula for the gradient of the cost functional J is given. This result helps us to construct two iterative methods, i.e., the conjugate gradient algorithm and Landweber iteration algorithm. We prove the Lipschitz continuity of the gradient of the cost functional, monotonicity and convergence of the iterative methods.
At the end of the paper, a numerical example is given to show the validation of the iterative algorithms.
ALG11-CDG: novel variant and review of the literature
Authors: Erdal Ayşenur Engin , Ceylan Ahmet Cevdet , Gücüyener Kıvılcım , Öktem Rıdvan Murat , Kıreker Köylü Oya , Kasapkara Çiğdem Seher 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Asparagine-dependent glycosylation 11-congenital disorders of glycosylation (ALG11-CDG) is a rare autosomal recessive N-glycosylation defect with multisystem involvement particularly neurological symptoms such as epilepsy and neuromotor developmental delay.

Case presentation
A 31-month-old male patient admitted to our center with complaints of axial hypotonia, drug-resistant myoclonic seizures, microcephaly and deafness. The electroencephalography (EEG) showed a burst-suppression pattern without hypsarrhythmia. Basal metabolic investigations were unremarkable. Progressive cerebral atrophy, hypomyelination and corpus callosum hypoplasia were striking features in brain MRI images taken during our follow-up. Compound heterozygous mutations of the ALG11 gene were found by whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis. It was determined that the c.476T>C mutation is a novel mutation. CDG type 1 pattern was detected with the examination of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) by capillary zone electrophoresis.

Conclusions
In patients with a possible congenital defect of glycosylation, a screening test such as CDT analysis is suggested. To discover novel mutations in this rare disease group, expanded genetic analysis should be performed.
Language Logicality: New Evidence in Favour of theRescaleApproach?
Authors: Coleschi Giada 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhat is the relationship between syntax and logic? Is the former autonomous and independent of the latter? If it is not, what kind of logic syntax interfaces with? These questions are not unheard of, having been around for quite some time, along with different answers. In the generative tradition, for example, logic cannot provide a model for linguistic behaviour. Conversely, according to the logicality of language hypothesis logical considerations are relevant to syntactic formation and explain the ungrammaticality of certain constructions. This note offers a brief overview of the logicality of language hypothesis and proposes new evidence that seems to indicate that accepting the said hypothesis does not necessarily require assuming a “natural” logic.
Torture and Trolleys: Accepting the Nearly Absolute Wrongness of Philanthropic Torture of a Perpetrator
Authors: Jensen David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
One potentially morally justified use of torture is found in philanthropic torture of a perpetrator (PTP): scenarios in which a perpetrator has instigated significant pending suffering against innocents and in which the suffering can be prevented by means of the perpetrator’s cooperation. These situations involve a clash of two intuitions: that torture is in some strong and obvious sense absolutely morally wrong, and that torture or harm of an immoral perpetrator may be permissible to prevent equally abhorrent, if not greater, moral wrongs. My view is that a dually grounded view—permissible on theoretical grounds but wrong on practical grounds—can do justice to the conflicting intuitions we have about torture in cases of PTP. Further, I hold that practical “absolutism” will only be “mostly” or “likely” absolute, but that we should accept as adequate this “near absolutism”—it will give us the practical result we seek while also satisfying the intuition that we may act in otherwise untoward ways to prevent horrific moral harms.
FTIR conformity analysis and performance testings of fresh, aged and expired polymeric paints under different storage conditions
Authors: Abd Rashid Norsyazlin , Salim Yoga Sugama , Abdul Halim Suhaila Idayu , Harun Mohamad Kamal , Ong Chong Hup , Chan Chin Han 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study aims to correlate the molecular structure consistency of unmixed paints and the performance of 2-pack three-layer protective dried coatings (mixed and cured paints) in various aging conditions (fresh, aged and expired paints) stored under different conditions. All the physical tests (density, solid content, viscosity and sag resistance) of paints fulfil the required specifications. However, these tests cannot tell if the chemical formulation of retained paints (aged and expired) has undergone changes due to storage. The conformity analysis by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with squared derivative algorithm was employed for molecular structure analysis comparison of the fresh and retained paints. FTIR results show high degree of similarity (r), with r ≥ 0.900 for the properly stored retained paints when compared against its fresh paints using high sensitivity compare algorithm. This finding is validated with a paired Student’s t-test and it turns out that the r values of properly stored paints are not statistically different from the fresh paints. Moreover, the performance test (pull off adhesion and salt-spray) of dried coatings indicates good durability when the properly stored retained paints with high degree of structural similarity are applied on the substrate according to end user specifications. This approach offers a practical solution for the paint manufacturer and user to employ a rapid and non-destructive FTIR structural analysis for the confirmation of structural consistency of retained paints before application instead of disposing the polymeric paint without verification.
A framework for integrating safety and environmental impact in the conceptual design of chemical processes
Authors: Tahmid Mohammed , Syeda Sultana Razia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multiple factors influence chemical process design and technology selection, including technical, economic, environmental, and safety considerations. Traditionally, a techno-economic analysis has been used to select a base case design, while safety and environmental impact have been subsequently assessed. This may leave out designs that exhibit better environmental and safety performance than the selected base case at a very early stage of design, where abundant opportunities for incorporating these objectives are present. Furthermore, although safety is an integral part of the overall sustainability of a chemical plant, historically it has been addressed separately from sustainability. Thus, there is a growing awareness for simultaneous consideration of these objectives during the conceptual process design phase of a project in order to select the most sustainable process route. The key to an effective sustainability assessment method for selecting the most sustainable process route involves the parsimonious selection of adequate metrics which define the sustainability profile of the process and an integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. In this context, this work investigates gaps in conceptual process design and existing sustainability assessment methods through a review of existing environmental impact and safety assessment methodologies/tools. A possible workflow that incorporates both safety and environmental impact in a holistic multi-criterion decision-making framework (MCDM) has been proposed to select the most sustainable process route. The use of this framework is illustrated through a simple case study involving assessing solvent alternatives for palm oil recovery to highlight the scope and significance of the proposed framework.
Genetic dissection of the Mastl-Arpp19/Ensa-PP2A-B55δ pathway in mammalian cells
Authors: Diril Muhammed Kasim , Erguven Mehmet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Mastl is an essential kinase required for inhibition of the phosphatase activity directed toward Cdk1/cyclin B substrates during mitosis. Mastl phosphorylates two small evolutionarily conserved proteins, Arpp19 and Ensa converting them into strong inhibitors of PP2A-B55δ. Mastl-Arpp19/Ensa-PP2A regulatory pathway has been mainly studied in Xenopus egg extracts and Drosophila using biochemical and genetic approaches. Studies in mammalian cells and genetically modified mouse models have suggested distinct but important functions for Arpp19 and Ensa, in mitosis and S-phase, respectively. A detailed comparative analysis of the Arpp19 and Ensa functions in mammalian cells has not been performed.

Methods
We utilized Mastl conditional knockout (CKO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), to investigate the roles of Mastl-Arpp19/Ensa-PP2A pathway components in mitosis and cellular proliferation. We used viral transduction for overexpression or silencing of these genes in conjunction with inducible genetic Mastl knockout to assess their roles in relation to each other.

Results
We show that, Arpp19 is expressed at significantly higher levels in MEFs in comparison to Ensa. Silencing of Arpp19, but not Ensa, results in reduced cellular proliferation. Overexpression of WT Arpp19 or its phosphomimetic mutant (S67D) partially restores mitosis arrest duration in Mastl knockout MEFs, however cellular proliferation block cannot be rescued. Silencing of B55δ expression has a similar outcome as Arpp19 overexpression, underscoring the opposite roles of these genes in mitosis.

Conclusions
Our results show that Arpp19 is the major Mastl substrate during mitotic division of MEFs. Ensa expression is low and it is not essential for cell cycle.
Supersonic jet mixing in the presence of two annular co-flow streams
Authors: S Rajkumar , Vasanthakumar Parthasarathy , Suseela Moorthi Aravindh Kumar , Rathakrishnan Ethirajan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The mixing characteristics of a Mach 1.9 jet at three levels of overexpansion, corresponding to nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) 3, 4 and 5, in the presence of a sonic co-flow (secondary flow), which was submerged in a subsonic co-flow (tertiary flow) was studied experimentally. For these NPRs the secondary co-flow is sonic with underexpanded levels and the tertiary flow Mach number was found to be 0.41, 0.71 and 0.85, respectively. The centerline decay results of the primary jet show that the jet mixing is abated by the co-flow, at all levels of expansion. However, in spite of the reduced mixing encountered by the supersonic primary jet, the waves in the jet core are found to be weaker in the presence of co-flows. This may be regarded as an advantage from the shock associated noise point of view, in accordance with Tam’s theory; which states weaker the waves in the core, the lesser is the shock associated noise. The results show that the reduced mixing environment caused by the sonic co-flow alone leads to the jet core elongation of about 20%, 23% and 49%, at NPRs 3, 4 and 5, respectively. The core length of the jet is found to increase by 29%, 46% and 62%, respectively, at NPRs 3, 4 and 5, when both sonic and subsonic co-flow streams are present.
When dysbiosis meets dystrophy: an unwanted gut‐muscle connection
Authors: Jayaraman Anusha , Pettersson Sven 
Published: February 2023

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating neuromuscular degenerative disease with no known cure to date. In recent years, the hypothesis of a “gut‐muscle axis” has emerged suggesting that bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the muscular system regulates the muscular function and may be perturbed in several muscular disorders. In addition, the excessive consumption of sugar and of lipid‐rich processed food products are factors that further aggravate the phenotype for such diseases and accelerate biological aging. However, these unhealthy microbiota profiles can be reversed by individualized dietary changes to not only alter the microbiota composition but also to reset the production of microbial metabolites known to trigger beneficial effects typically associated with prolonged health span. Two recent studies (in this issue of EMBO Mol Med) highlight the interesting potential of microbiota‐informed next‐generation dietary intervention programs to be considered in genetically linked muscle disorders like DMD.