bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A transformer‐less boost DC‐DC converter with high gain and continuous input current for fuel cell vehicle
Authors: Hu Xuefeng , Xu Zijun , Wang Lin , Dong Songsheng , Chen Jiawei 
Published: August 2023

SummaryAt present, the implementation of fuel cell power generation system in electric vehicles has been widely concerned. But the voltage produced by fuel cells is generally relatively low and cannot be supplied directly to the load or grid. To raise its output voltage, a new single‐switch dc‐dc boost topology is put forward in this article. That converter has some characteristics as below: (1) The common ground structure availably avoids electromagnetic interference and improves the reliability of the system. (2) All power semiconductor devices withstand inferior to half the output voltage. (3) The input current avoids pulsation and small number of switching devices that greatly prolong the service life of the fuel cell. The circuit working principle, steady‐state performance, the design of device parameters, and comparison with similar boost topologies are researched. Finally, a 100‐W experimental platform is set up to validate the above features and guarantee the infallibility of theoretical research.
Tumour‐associated macrophages in gastric cancer: From function and mechanism to application
Authors: Li Jie , Sun Juan , Zeng Ziyang , Liu Zhen , Ma Mingwei , Zheng Zicheng , He Yixuan , Kang Weiming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumour, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The occurrence and development of GC is a complex process involving genetic changes in tumour cells and the influence of the surrounding tumour microenvironment (TME). Accumulative evidence shows that tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) play a vital role in GC, acting as plentiful and active infiltrating inflammatory cells in the TME.Main bodyIn this review, the different functions and mechanisms of TAMs in GC progression, including the conversion of phenotypic subtypes; promotion of tumour proliferation, invasion and migration; induction of chemoresistance; promotion of angiogenesis; modulation of immunosuppression; reprogramming of metabolism; and interaction with the microbial community are summarised. Although the role of TAMs in GC remains controversial in clinical settings, clarifying their significance in the treatment selection and prognostic prediction of GC could support optimising TAM‐centred clinicaltherapy.ConclusionIn summary, we reviewed the the phenotypic polarisation, function and molecular mechanism of TAMs and their potential applications in the treatment selection and prognostic prediction of GC.
Cyclometallated Platinum(II) Complexes Featuring an Unusual, C^N‐Coordinating Pyridyl‐pyridylidene Ligand and L X Coligands: Synthesis, Structures and Dual Luminescence Behavior
Authors: Montagu Julien , Gontard Geoffrey , Williams J. A. Gareth , Moussa Jamal 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThanks to an unusual protodemethylation reaction, a series of luminescent cyclometallated platinum(II) complexes can be prepared, which incorporate a rare NC‐chelating, pyridyl‐pyridylidene ligand, in combination with OO‐coordinating acetylacetonate (acac) or NO‐coordinating 2‐picolinate (pic) or 8‐hydroxyquinolate. The acac and pic complexes show unusual dual emission in a frozen glass.A series of cyclometallated platinum(II) complexes incorporating a rare, N^C‐chelating, pyridyl‐pyridylidene ligand are described, in which the coordination sphere is completed by two chlorides or an L X co‐ligand, namely O O‐coordinating acetylacetonate (acac), or N^O‐coordinating 2‐picolinate (pic) or 8‐hydroxyquinolinate. The acac and pic complexes have been structurally characterized in the solid state by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. These two complexes display red phosphorescence in the solid state at room temperature. In a frozen glass at 77 K, all four complexes show two broad emission bands that span much of the visible spectrum, apparently from two unequilibrated excited states.
Catalyst‐Free Regioselective C3−H Benzoxylation of 1H‐Indoles with Benzoyl Peroxide
Authors: Pilli Navyasree , Karu Sudheer Kumar , Malapaka Chandrasekharam 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn efficient catalyst‐free C−O bond formation reaction for the synthesis of 1H‐indol‐3‐yl benzoates was developed through C(sp2)−H functionalization of 1H‐indoles with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in acetonitrile at room temperature under open flask conditions. The reaction proceeds without exclusion of air or moisture and is applied to a wide array of electronically differentiated indoles as well as BPOs. C3 benzoxylation of indoles was achieved with excellent regioselectivity under mild and easy to operate conditions. The reaction is scalable to one gram level.
Fabrication processes for all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells
Authors: Park Jin Ho , Yoon Young Seon , Kim Jin Young 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite solar cells have shown great potential owing to their superior stability against thermal stress and moisture compared to organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells. However, there are some remaining issues in the all‐inorganic perovskite solar cell fabrication process, such as the low solubility of the perovskite precursors and the occurrence of the secondary phases. In this review, we focus on all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells and categorize them based on their fabrication process. Various processes and strategies that have been developed to solve the aforementioned issues including the general process of multistep spin coating are thoroughly investigated. Finally, a summary of the various processes for the all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells and an outlook for the development of highly efficient all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells are proposed.image
Transcriptomics and metabolomic profiling identify molecular mechanism for Aspergillus flavus infection in grain
Authors: Ding Chao , Tian Tian , Liu Qiang , Zhao Siqi , Tao Tingting , Wu Haijing , Guo Liping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAspergillus flavus is a ubiquitous saprophyte and opportunistic fungal pathogen with worldwide distribution, which causes diseases commonly in agricultural commodities and seriously threatens food security and human health. In this study, we try to reveal the mechanisms of A. flavus infection in grain from the perspective of apparent changes in physicochemical properties, microscopic structure, and ultrastructural changes at transcriptome–metabolomics levels. The results showed that the A. flavus infection included the preinfection (1–3 days) and postinfection period (4–7 days). The downregulated expression of creA promoted the cellulase expression and initiated infection. The metabolite oleic acid promoted infection as a nutrient carbon source and energy source. Then the entry of acetate units into the aflatoxin synthesis pathway was inhibited, whereas aflH, hypD, and hypB were significantly upregulated (p < .05) to stimulate the aflatoxin synthesis to complete the infection on the surface. During the postinfection period, the upregulation of aflS and other toxin‐producing regulatory genes accelerated aflatoxin synthesis and completed the internal infection. At the same time, the upregulation of vitamin B6 and allysine involved in amino acid metabolism, and galactose 1‐phosphate involved in energy metabolism ensured the production of acetyl‐CoA and the energy supply for A. flavus infection. The research findings highlight the underlying mechanisms of A. flavus infection at the transcriptome–metabolomics levels, which is important for developing effective strategies to prevent postharvest contamination.
Hesperidin reduces serum levels of triglyceride after coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Booyani Zahra , Aryaeian Naheed , Omidi Negar , Khorasanian Atie Sadat , Hoseini Agha Fatemeh , Nejatian Mostafa , Jazayeri Shima , Morvaridi Mehrnaz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHesperidin, as an antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory agent, has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine the effects of hesperidin supplementation on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid profile in depressed coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) patients. Eighty patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery participated in this clinical trial and were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received 200 mg/d pure hesperidin supplement and the second group received placebo for 12 weeks. Both groups continued their usual diet. Serum concentrations of inflammatory and stress oxidative markers (hs‐CRP, P‐selectin, and ox‐LDL) were measured and compared at baseline and the end of the intervention. The changes in serum levels of triglyceride were significantly different between the two groups (p < .05). HDL‐c significantly increased in groups but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (p > .05). Hesperidin did not affect FBS, other lipid parameters, hs‐CRP, P‐selectin, and OX‐LDL (p > .05). SBP and DBP differences were not statistically significant (p > .05). After 12 weeks of intervention, hesperidin reduced serum levels of triglyceride in depressed post‐CABG patients.
Healthcare experience affects pain‐specific responses to others' suffering in the anterior insula
Authors: Corradi‐Dell'Acqua Corrado , Hofstetter Christoph , Sharvit Gil , Hugli Olivier , Vuilleumier Patrik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMedical students and professional healthcare providers often underestimate patients' pain, together with decreased neural responses to pain information in the anterior insula (AI), a brain region implicated in self‐pain processing and negative affect. However, the functional significance and specificity of these neural changes remains debated. Across two experiments, we recruited university medical students and emergency nurses to test the role of healthcare experience on the brain reactivity to other's pain, emotions, and beliefs, using both pictorial and verbal cues. Brain responses to self‐pain was also assessed and compared with those to observed pain. Our results confirmed that healthcare experience decreased the activity in AI in response to others' suffering. This effect was independent from stimulus modality (pictures or texts), but specific for pain, as it did not generalize to inferences about other mental or affective states. Furthermore, representational similarity and multivariate pattern analysis revealed that healthcare experience impacted specifically a component of the neural representation of others' pain that is shared with that of first‐hand nociception, and related more to AI than to other pain‐responsive regions. Taken together, our study suggests a decreased propensity to appraise others' suffering as one's own, associated with a reduced recruitment of pain‐specific information in AI. These findings provide new insights into neural mechanisms leading to pain underestimation by caregivers in clinical settings.
Increasing connectivity: Using operator event sequence diagrams to assess the integration of new technology within the flight deck
Authors: Banks Victoria A. , Griffin Thomas G. C. , Parnell Katie J. , Plant Katherine L. , Wynne Rachael A. , Stanton Neville A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGrowing interest in “connected services” is set to revolutionize the design of future transport systems. In aviation, connected portable Electronic Flight Bags (EFBs) would enable some of the traditional and more arduous preflight activities (e.g., route planning) to be conducted away from the flight deck. While this offers the opportunity to improve efficiency, any potential changes to the performance of the system need to be considered alongside the possible negative outcomes. The impact of EFBs on flight operations is assessed using Operator Event Sequence Diagrams (OESDs), which allow the operator interactions with technological systems to be mapped across different scenarios. This paper presents two OESDs: one focusing on current practise and one representing a “future” scenario whereby connected EFBs are commonplace. Our analysis predicts a 44% reduction in flight‐crew operational loading due to increased connectivity in the flight deck. Not only does the analysis highlight the reduction in operations but it also presents the utility of OESDs in the development of the connected EFBs of the future as well as their broader use in understanding the impact of new technologies on performance.
Evaluation of recharge estimation methods applied to fissure and karst aquifers of the Lagoa Santa Karst Environmental Protection Area, Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Gabriela Meira , de Paula Rodrigo Sérgio , Velasquez Leila Nunes Menegasse , Andrade Isabella Brito , Neto Wallace Maciel Pacheco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Lagoa Santa Karst Environmental Protection Area is known worldwide as the place where the oldest human fossil in the Americas was found. Beyond its archaeological richness is speleological, faunistic and floristic richness across this remarkable karstic landscape. It is also a region with important aquifers for public and private water supply. Located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, despite its environmental relevance, the area is characterized by increased anthropic environmental impacts. Regarding the relationship between surface water and groundwater, in order to investigate the annual input of water into the aquifers, this study aimed to estimate the annual recharge rate in the hydrological years 2017 to 2021 using three methods: the recession curve displacement method of Rorabaugh (International Association of Scientific Hydrology, 1964, 63:432–441), the recursive digital filter method by Lyne and Hollick (Institute of Engineers Australia National Conference, 1979, pp. 89–93), and the method based on water‐table fluctuation in tubular wells proposed by Healy and Cook (Hydrogeology Journal, 2002, 10(1):91–109). The average percentage of rainfall that is recharged into the aquifer, considering the overall period studied from 2017 to 2021, found with the three methods was 13%, 9% and 9%, respectively, which indicates that recharge rates within the study area are low and that higher values are observed within karst basins in comparison with basins located in pelitic zones. Overall, the methods yielded coherent values among each other and were compared with previous studies in the area. In relation to the automatized recursive digital filter method, the automatized recession curve displacement method was more adherent because it considers daily streamflow measurements. The WTF method was handy for the local recharge rate analysis and enabled an evaluation of recharge rates in each aquifer unit. Despite the similarity of the values obtained in the methods, they are likely underestimated due to the high pumping rates of groundwater. Furthermore, it is recommended to deepen the correlation between lithotype, karst geomorphology, and its dissolution processes to improve the understanding of recharge processes.
Life satisfaction trajectories among junior high school students in China: The role of parent–child communication
Authors: Wang Yulong , Luo Yi , Zhao Jingfei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 3‐year follow‐up test (from grades 7 to 9) was administered to 807 junior high school students from two regions in Hunan Province, China, using multilevel analysis to examine trends in junior high school students' life satisfaction, differences by gender and location of life and the effects of father–child/mother–child communication on the development of life satisfaction. The results showed that (1) Chinese junior high school students' life satisfaction showed a decreasing trend from the seventh grade to the ninth grade, and there was a significant decreasing process in the eighth grade; (2) father–child communication and mother–child communication had a significant positive predictive effect on Chinese junior high school students' life satisfaction and (3) father–child communication and mother–child communication had a significant negative predictive effect on the decreasing trend of life satisfaction, in which the effect of mother–child communication was particularly significant.
Planning for ecosystem services compensation in the central highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Admasu Simeneh , Yeshitela Kumelachew , Argaw Mekuria 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The rapid deterioration of the upper Akaki catchment natural environment has led to an increasing impact not only on the watershed ecosystem but also the livelihood and the general well-being of the local community. As a result, the water supply is becoming a problem for Addis Ababa and its surrounding residents. This may lead to a greater willingness to pay and cooperate in initiatives to protect the watersheds. Therefore, a market-based instrument and participatory arrangements are critical for resolving socioecological problems. This research aimed to demonstrate a need for an incentive-based watershed conservation approach that can be used to support nature conservation through long-term financial investments in the central watersheds and elsewhere. To support the market-based intervention, sealable ecosystem services and cost–benefit analysis, as well as relevant stakeholders, institutions, and legal frameworks, were assessed. The prime factors for designing market-based approaches to halt biodiversity loss and reversing ecological processes are discussed. A domestic water tariff increase of ETB 1 per m3 (US$ 0.08) could raise approximately US$ 3.24 million annually for watershed management, which could compensate smallholder farmers' annual opportunity costs for crop and livestock forage loss. Furthermore, the practice could help to abate biodiversity loss, improve the local economy, and accelerate the implementation of global biodiversity targets. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:965–974. © 2023 SETAC
Key Points
The rapid deterioration of watersheds is impacting the ecosystem and the well-being of people. Water supply issues prompt collaboration on a watershed protection program. Raising financial resources could compensate farmers. Watershed management accelerates meeting biodiversity targets.
Do Consumers Support Beginning and Female Farmers?
Authors: Zhao Shuoli , Segovia Michelle S. , Palma Marco A. , Nayga Rodolfo M. , Rainey Ronald L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBeginning and female farmers are crucial for the succession of the next generation of farming. Despite policy interventions to provide access to credit, land, and capital, little is known about whether the end‐market consumers support the business ventures of beginning farmers and their products. Using an incentivized online experiment, this study assesses consumers' willingness to support beginning and female farmers in direct monetary donations, real effort volunteerism support, and willingness‐to‐pay for products. The results show that consumers, in general, do not differentiate their support for beginning farmers relative to generic farmers except in the case of voluntary effort exertion.
The efficacy of antibiotic‐eluting material in a two‐stage model of periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Fan Yingfang , McCanne Madeline , Yuh Jean , Lekkala1 Sashank , Leape Charlotte P. , Hugard Shannon , Thomson Andrew , Collins Jamie E. , Muratoglu Orhun K. , Randolph Mark , Oral Ebru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPeriprosthetic joint infections occur in about 2% of patients who undergo primary total joint arthroplasty, a procedure performed over 1 million times in the United States. The gold standard of treatment is a two‐stage revision. This study aimed to establish a two‐stage procedure in a preclinical small animal model (rat) to test and compare the efficacy of an antibiotic‐eluting material in managing infection. Joint replacement was simulated by transchondylarly implanting a polyethylene (PE) plug into the distal femur and a titanium screw in the proximal tibia. Methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) 108 CFU/mL was injected into the tibial canal and the joint space before wound closure. The control groups were killed on postoperative day (POD) 18 (n = 12) and on POD 42 (n = 4) to assess both early and later‐stage outcomes in the control group. The test group underwent revision surgery on POD 18 for treatment using gentamicin‐eluting polyethylene (GPE, n = 4) and was observed until POD 42 to evaluate the efficacy of treatment. Our results showed that the bone loss for the treatment group receiving GPE was significantly less than that of the control (p < 0.05), which was supported by the histology images and an AI‐tool assisted infection rate evaluation. Gait metrics duty factor imbalance and hindlimb temporal symmetry were significantly different between the treatment and control groups on Day 42. This animal model was feasible for evaluating treatments for peri‐prosthetic joint infections (PJI) with a revision surgery and specifically that revision surgery and local antibiotic treatment largely hindered the peri‐prosthetic bone loss. Statement of clinical significance: This revision model of peri‐prosthetic infection has the potential of comparatively evaluating prophylaxis and treatment strategies and devices. Antibiotic‐eluting UHMWPE is devised as at tool in treating PJI while providing weight bearing and joint space preservation.
Racial Disparities in 30‐day Readmissions after Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Huang Alice E , Shih Jonathan J. , Sunwoo John B. , Pollom Erqi , Taparra Kekoa 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundNative Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (NHPI) patients with head and neck cancer are often aggregated with Asian individuals despite evidence of heterogeneous health outcomes and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the association of race with unplanned 30‐day hospital readmission rate after head and neck surgery across the five federally recognized racial categories.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used a national hospital‐based database and included patients ≥18 years old with diagnostically confirmed, nonmetastatic head and neck cancer of any subsite treated surgically between 2004 and 2017. The primary endpoint was unplanned readmission within 30 days of discharge after primary surgery.ResultsA total of 365,834 patients were included who were predominantly White (87%), treated at academic cancer centers (47%), lower income (63%), with early‐stage disease (60%), and with thyroid (47%) or oral cavity (23%) cancers. Median follow‐up duration was 47 months. Of the 10,717 (3%) readmissions, 5,845 (1.6%) were unplanned. Adjusted for confounders and compared with White patients, NHPI patients had the highest likelihood of unplanned (aOR 2.07, 95%CI 1.16–3.40, p = 0.008) readmissions. Within the NHPI group, patients with lower income (aOR 4.27, 95%CI 1.28–20.4, p = 0.035) and those residing in an urban or rural area (aOR 7.42, 95%CI 1.14–49.5, p = 0.034) were more likely to be readmitted.ConclusionsNHPI patients with head and neck cancers experience significantly higher 30‐day readmissions following definitive surgical treatment. These results highlight the importance of racial disaggregation in clinical studies.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:1282–1287, 2024