bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
12.3% Efficient Low Voc Loss Pure Sulfide Kesterite Solar Cells from DMSO Solution via Cadmium Alloying
Authors: Pan Xiangyu , Li Xinyu , Yang Yuntian , Xiang Chunxu , Xu Aoqi , Liu Hongkun , Yan Weibo , Huang Wei , Xin Hao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCd alloying has been theoretically proved to be an effective strategy to suppress Cu‐Zn antisite defects and related defect cluster for improving device performance of pure sulfide kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film solar cells. However, the potential of Cd alloying has not been fully realized by solely doping without further post heat‐treatment. Here, Cd alloying CZTS (Cu2(Zn,Cd)SnS4, CZCTS) is reported through dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution and how alloying concentration affects reaction path, grain growth, and electronic properties of the CZCTS absorbers is investigated. This study found that Cd can be incorporated into CZTS through direct phase transformation grain growth, which sufficiently suppresses band tailing. High quality CZCTS absorber films and efficient solar cells are fabricated within a wide range of alloy concentration. A champion CZCTS device with a power conversion efficiency of 12.3% is achieved at 35% Cd concentration without any post heat treatment, improved by over 70% compared to 7.0% of CZTS. This device exhibits a high VOC gain to the Shockley–Queisser (Voc/VocSQ = 59.7%), the lowest VOC deficit achieved in pure sulfide kesterite solar cells. The results demonstrate the importance of the Cd alloying strategy for mitigating band tailing and achieving high efficiency pure sulfide kesterite solar cells.
A medical odyssey of a 72‐year‐old man with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2 newly diagnosed with biallelic variants in SORD gene causing sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency
Authors: Furuta Yutaka , Nelson Erica T. , Neumann Serena M. , Phillips John A. , Hamid Rizwan , Tinker Rory J. , Cogan Joy D. , Rives Lynette , Newman John H. ,   the Undiagnosed Diseases Network
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 72‐year‐old man was referred to the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) because of gradual progressive weakness in both lower extremities for the past 45 years. He was initially diagnosed as having Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) without a defined molecular genetic cause. Exome sequencing (ES) failed to detect deleterious neuromuscular variants. Very recently, biallelic variants in sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD) were discovered to be a novel cause of inherited neuropathies including CMT2 or distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) referred to as Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Deficiency with Peripheral Neuropathy (SORDD, OMIM 618912). The most common variant identified was c.757delG; p.A253Qfs*27. Through the Vanderbilt UDN clinical site, this patient was formally diagnosed with SORDD after the identification of homozygosity for the above SORD frameshift through UDN Genome Sequencing (GS). His medical odyssey was solved by GS and detection of extremely high levels of sorbitol. The diagnosis provided him the opportunity to receive potential treatment with an investigational drug in a clinical trial for SORDD. We suggest that similar studies be considered in other individuals thought to possibly have CMT2 or dHMN.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults with COVID‐19 requiring mechanical ventilation: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kato Fumito , Bunya Naofumi , Nakayama Ryuichi , Narimatsu Eichi , Ohshimo Shinichiro , Shime Nobuaki , Kushimoto Shigeki , Hashimoto Satoru , Takeda Shinhiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS‐A) is a hyperinflammatory multisystem condition associated with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). Critically ill COVID‐19 patients may develop multiorgan damage and elevated inflammatory responses, thus making it difficult to differentiate between progression to organ damage due to COVID‐19 itself or MIS‐A. This study aimed to explore the characteristics and complications of MIS‐A in critical COVID‐19 patients.MethodsThe Japan Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Network and ICU Collaboration Network developed a web‐based database system called the CRoss Intensive Care Unit Searchable Information System (CRISIS) to monitor critical COVID‐19 patients throughout Japan. We retrospectively identified patients with MIS‐A among critical COVID‐19 patients enrolled from March 2020 to December 2021, using CRISIS. Our MIS‐A definition required patients to be at least 18 years of age, have laboratory evidence of inflammation, severe dysfunction of at least two extrapulmonary organ systems, and no plausible alternative diagnoses.ResultsOf the 1052 patients, 26 (2.5%) were diagnosed with MIS‐A. The MIS‐A patients had a higher likelihood of using ECMO (13% vs. 46%, p < 0.001) and lower overall survival (77% vs. 42%, p < 0.001) than non‐MIS‐A patients. More than 80% of the MIS‐A cases occurred 3 weeks after the COVID‐19 onset.ConclusionMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults can occur in 2.5% of critically ill COVID‐19 patients, and the mortality rate is high. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults may be considered when there is a re‐elevation of the unexplained inflammatory response and severe dysfunction of at least two extrapulmonary organ systems several weeks after the onset of COVID‐19.
Batch process quality monitoring based on temporal convolutional networks with depthwise separable coordinated attention module
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqiang , Tuo Benben , Mou Miao , Liu Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractQuality monitoring is an important tool for ensuring the safe operation of batch processes and the high quality of the final products. However, the inherent non‐linear, dynamic, and batch characteristics make the quality monitoring of batch process still have some difficulties. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a batch quality monitoring model based on a temporal convolutional network with a depthwise separable coordinated attention module. Firstly, a method of data unfolding incorporating sliding windows is proposed to unfold and stack the data along the direction of the variables, and a variable selection method of maximum information coefficient fused with Monte Carlo sampling is proposed to select the process variables related to the quality variables. Secondly, we take the traditional temporal convolutional network as the base network and decouple the correlation between the batch data by using depthwise separable convolution. At the same time, we utilize coordinate attention to extract data features in different spatial directions to ensure the effectiveness of quality monitoring. Finally, the feasibility and robustness of the proposed model are verified by a nonlinear numerical example and an industrial‐scale penicillin fermentation process. The experimental results show the proposed model has lower false alarm rate and false negative rate and can be used to maintain the product quality of the actual batch process.
Degradation of polyethylene particles by Trichoderma harzianum and recombinant laccase cloned from the strain
Authors: Ruan Yongqiang , Hu Fanghui , Zhao Jindi , Li Yunhan , Ling Jiahuan , Cao Jianan , Zhang Lihui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolyethylene (PE) is a convenient and inexpensive polymer that is widely used in daily life. However, PE products are recalcitrant to degradation in the environment, leading to increasing plastic pollution. This has inspired the search for effective microorganisms and enzymes that can biodegrade PE. In this study, a fungal strain that degrades PE was isolated from soil contaminated with plastic and identified as Trichoderma harzianum. The strain was cultured with PE as the sole carbon source for 30 days, and the weight loss of PE particles was 3.39 ± 0.3%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed holes and oxygenated functional groups on the surface of the degraded PE particles. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) detected products with different carbon atom numbers. In addition, a potential PE degrading enzyme was screened from T. harzianum and identified as laccase. After PE was incubated with the recombinant laccase for 96 h, SEM, FTIR, and GC–MS showed the degradation of PE particles. The results showed that T. harzianum had the ability to degrade PE, which probably was attributed to the laccase produced by this strain. This study contributes promising tools for the degradation of PE enzyme.
Development of an all‐electrospun high‐performance textile supercapacitor for wearable device applications
Authors: Martínez‐Pérez Rosa V. , Manríquez Juan , Aldeco‐Pérez Eugenia , Baldenegro‐Pérez Leonardo A. , España‐Sánchez Beatriz Liliana , Ávila‐Niño José A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper reports the synthesis and electrochemical performance of electrospun polyaniline (PANI) nanofiber membranes that work as high‐performance electrodes in an all‐textile supercapacitor (SC). The electrospun separator membrane consists of a mix of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly (ethylene sulfonate) (PES). The all‐textile SC consists of a PES‐PAN membrane, previously soaked in an electrolyte, stacked between two PANI fiber electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy are carried out to characterize the morphology and chemical structure of the PANI and PES‐PAN fiber membranes. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are carried out to characterize the electrochemical properties of the SCs. The all‐textile SC shows very competitive specific capacitances of 275 F/g at 0.25 A/g and a maximum specific power of 1350 Wkg−1. These all‐electrospun SCs show higher performance than the SCs using PANI films and commercial cellulose as separators. Finally, we report a flexible all‐electrospun and all‐solid‐state SC was fabricated using flexible substrates and a gel‐type electrolyte. Flexible SC has a specific capacitance of 270 F/g, confirming that the performance of all‐electrospun SCs is a promising approach for future textile energy storage devices for its potential use in wearable devices.
Student perceptions of hybrid delivery of interprofessional anatomy—The best of both worlds?
Authors: Oliveira Ana , Mezil Yasmeen , Akhtar‐Danesh Noori , Palombella Andrew , Rockarts Jasmine , Wojkowski Sarah , Wainman Bruce 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterprofessional anatomy dissection (IAD) courses increase students' readiness for interprofessional education (IPE) both in‐person and online. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, virtual environments for anatomy learning were perceived as less effective. Hybrid instruction approaches emerged but have been scarcely evaluated. This study assessed students' experiences with a hybrid IAD course's virtual and in‐person components. A hybrid IAD course consisting of virtual and in‐person anatomy laboratory‐based instruction was offered to 32 students from different health sciences programs. Before and after the full course, students completed the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) and the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS). After the virtual and the in‐person course components, students completed a Q‐methodology survey to assess their perceptions of the course. Twenty‐eight students (20 females; 24.8 ± 6.3 years old) from different programs (4 Physician Assistant; 2 Midwifery; 3 Speech‐Language Pathology; 4 Physiotherapy; 3 Occupational therapy; 4 Nursing; 8 Medicine) participated. The total RIPLS score improved after the 8‐week course (Median 84 interquartile range [78–87] vs. 87 [85–90]; p = 0.0145). The Q‐methodology identified three factors: IPE & Virtual Enthusiasts, Introspective Learners, and IPE & Virtual Skeptics. Factors represented different levels of students' engagement with the IPE and virtual environment. The transition to in‐person resulted in all factors praising the experience. Health science students showed improvements in their readiness for IPE after an 8‐week hybrid IAD course. The main differences in the evaluations of the virtual and in‐person components were related to engagement and the ability to learn anatomy; no differences were noted between settings regarding engagement in IPE.
Location bias: A “Hidden Variable” in GPCR pharmacology
Authors: Eiger Dylan Scott , Hicks Chloe , Gardner Julia , Pham Uyen , Rajagopal Sudarshan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of transmembrane receptors and primarily signal through two main effector proteins: G proteins and β‐arrestins. Many agonists of GPCRs promote “biased” responses, in which different cellular signaling pathways are activated with varying efficacies. The mechanisms underlying biased signaling have not been fully elucidated, with many potential “hidden variables” that regulate this behavior. One contributor is “location bias,” which refers to the generation of unique signaling cascades from a given GPCR depending upon the cellular location at which the receptor is signaling. Here, we review evidence that GPCRs are expressed at and traffic to various subcellular locations and discuss how location bias can impact the pharmacologic properties and characterization of GPCR agonists. We also evaluate how differences in subcellular environments can modulate GPCR signaling, highlight the physiological significance of subcellular GPCR signaling, and discuss the therapeutic potential of exploiting GPCR location bias.
A meta‐analysis of the accessory left atrial appendage and the left atrial diverticulum
Authors: Ratusznik Jakub , Ratusznik Filip , Pękala Jakub R. , Krager Eirik , Hołda Mateusz , Sarata Victoria , Łazarz Dominik , Raputa Wiktor , Tomaszewski Krzysztof A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLeft atrial (LA) structures, including the accessory left atrial appendage (aLAA) and left atrial diverticulum, have been studied based on their prevalence, shape, and association with arrhythmia and thrombi formation. A pooled prevalence with morphometric data has not been determined in previous research. Our goal is to provide structured, clinically relevant information on said structures for clinical practitioners to use in their daily work. We propose that morphometric data of additional LA structures is necessary when considering the possible complications during cardiac interventions. We conducted a meta‐analysis of all relevant studies which used electrocardiogram (ECG)‐gated computed tomography (CT) imaging to determine the prevalence of LA structures and record their morphometric characteristics as well as the presence of thrombi. Data were extracted from 19 studies (n = 6643 hearts). The pooled prevalence estimate of left atrial diverticulum and/or aLAAs were reported from 14 studies and was 28.8%. The most common location noted was anterosuperior in the LA with 70.2% of structures found there. Data regarding thrombi presence in left atrial diverticulums or aLAAs were extracted from 11 studies and a thrombus was present in 0.2%. The prevalence rates of aLAAs and left atrial diverticulums are essential in performing uncomplicated cardiac interventions and reducing risk of electrophysiological procedures. Our findings show a considerable prevalence of LA structures in varying populations, provides information regarding the general characteristics of said structures, and does not support the previously theorized associated risk of thrombus formation in relation to LA structure presence.
Efficiency Analysis of the Discrete Element Method Model in Gas‐Fluidized Beds
Authors: Aghel Babak , Alobaid Falah , Graf Christoph , Epple Bernd 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe efficiency and accuracy of the Euler‐Lagrange/discrete element method model were investigated. Accordingly, the stiffness coefficient and fluid time step were changed for different particle numbers and diameters. To derive the optimum parameters for simulations, the obtained results were compared with the measurements. According to the results, the application of higher stiffness coefficients improves the simulation accuracy slightly, however, the average computing time increases exponentially. For time intervals larger than 5 ms, the results indicated that the average computation time is independent of the applied fluid time step, while the simulation accuracy decreases extremely by increasing the size of the fluid time step. Nevertheless, using time steps smaller than 5 ms leads to negligible improvements in the simulation accuracy, though to an exponential rise in the average computing time.
Fire design approach for modern vehicles with combustion or electrical engine
Authors: Zehfuß Jochen , Sander Lisa , Schaumann Peter , Meyer Patrick 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to climate changes and environmental considerations, the current transportation changes to modern vehicles with different vehicles models and engine types. Especially vehicles with alternative types of drive, such as electrical vehicles, are increasing. This raises the question of whether modern vehicles, such as electric vehicles, lead to an increased fire risk as well as an increased heat release rate (HRR). In this article, a new fire design approach for modern vehicles is presented to evaluate the fire risk of electric vehicles compared to vehicles with combustion engines with respect to the fire resistance of the structural elements in open car parks. For this purpose, HRRs of different vehicles are analyzed and an approximated approach for modern vehicles is derived. The methodology can be used for performance‐based design, where the HRR plays a fundamental role. Furthermore, modeling approaches of the vehicle dimensions are presented, which are based on statistical data of the German Federal Motor Transport Authority. The vehicle dimensions are used to determine the fire spread time between vehicles using a parameter study. Based on the statistical data analyses and the parameter studies, this article provides a new fire design approach for modern vehicles in fire.
Cold Plasma for Green Advanced Reduction/Oxidation Processes (AROPs) of Organic Pollutants in Water**
Authors: Tomei Giulia , Saleem Mubbshir , Ceriani Elisa , Pinton Anna , Marotta Ester , Paradisi Cristina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCold plasma is gaining increasing attention as a novel tool to activate energy demanding chemical processes, including advanced reduction/oxidation processes (AROPs) of organic pollutants in water. The very complex milieu generated by discharges at the water/plasma interface comprises photons, strong oxidants and strong reductants which can be exploited for achieving the degradation of most any kind of pollutants. Despite the complexity of these systems, the powerful arsenal of mechanistic tools and chemical probes of physical organic chemists can be usefully applied to understand and develop plasma chemistry. Specifically, the added value of air plasma generated by in situ discharge with respect to ozonation (ex situ discharge) is demonstrated using phenol and various phenol derivatives and mechanistic evidence for the prevailing role of hydroxyl radicals in the initial attack is presented. On the reduction front, the impressive performance of cold plasma in inducing the degradation of recalcitrant perfluoroalkyl substances, which do not react with OH radicals but are attacked by electrons, is reported and discussed. The widely different reactivities of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and of perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) underline the crucial role played in these processes by the interface between plasma and solution and the surfactant properties of the treated pollutants.
Covalent Organic Frameworks in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Lihua , Yang Haohao , Peng Hui , Lei Ziqiang , Xu Yuxi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development and utilization of green renewable energy are imperative with the aggravation of environmental pollution and energy crisis. In recent years, the exploration of electrochemical energy storage systems has gradually become a research hotspot in energy. Among them, aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have progressively developed into highly competitive and efficient energy storage devices owing to their inherent safety, natural abundance, and higher theoretical capacity. However, the practical application of ZIBs suffers from the limitation of challenges such as the absence of proper cathode materials and the unavoidable zinc dendrites and side reactions of Zn anode. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an attractive class of electrode materials due to their inherent advantages, like structural designability, high stability, and ordered‐open channels, bestowing them with great potential to overcome the problems of ZIBs. In this review, we concentrate on the discussion of designed strategies of COFs applied to ZIBs. Furthermore, the methods of using COFs to solve the challenging problems of cathode development, anode modification, and electrolyte optimization for ZIBs are summarized. Finally, the existing difficulties, solution measures, and prospects of COFs for ZIBs applications are discussed. Our commentary hopes to serve as a valuable reference for developing COFs‐based ZIBs.
Feasibility and reaction process for recovery of Si and Pb from high‐calcium zinc extraction residue by alkali roasting
Authors: Zhang Shanshan , Shen Xiaoyi , Shao Hongmei , Han Mingyu , Chen Jianshe , Zhai Yuchun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo explore the feasibility of Si and Pb recovery from high‐calcium zinc extraction residues via alkali roasting, NaOH molten roasting is performed and the reaction process is discussed. Under the optimal reaction conditions—residue–alkali ratio of 1:5.0, reaction time of 1.75 h, and reaction temperature of 500°C—the Si and Pb extraction ratios remained stable at 74.00% and 40.00%, respectively. The X‐ray diffraction patterns of the specimens roasted at different temperatures indicated that the main factor affecting the extraction process was the presence of Na2CaSiO4, Ca2PbO4, and quartz. Further, the phase transformations and reaction processes of Si and Pb were determined. In the final phases, the specimen roasted at 550°C included quartz, Na4SiO4, Na2CaSiO4, Ca2PbO4, and Na2SO4. The kinetics data calculated using the unreacted shrinking core model showed that the roasting process followed a mixed control mechanism with an apparent activation energy of 16.99 kJ · mol−1.