bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of H275Y oseltamivir resistance gene mutation among Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 patients by allelic discrimination real‐time RT‐PCR
Authors: Krishna Smriti , Jayaram Anup , Shetty Ujwal , Varamballi Prasad , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay , Jagadesh Anitha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInfluenza viruses can mutate genetically and cause a range of respiratory ailments. The H275Y mutation in the neuraminidase (NA) gene reduces the effectiveness of oseltamivir, a widely used drug for the treatment of Influenza A and B virus infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends single‐nucleotide polymorphism assays to detect this mutation. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of H275Y mutation conferring oseltamivir resistance in Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus among hospitalized patients from June 2014 to December 2021. Following the WHO protocol, allelic discrimination real‐time RT‐PCR was performed for 752 samples. Out of the 752 samples, 1 tested positive for Y275 gene mutation by allelic discrimination real‐time RT‐PCR. In samples of years 2020 and 2021, neither the H275 nor Y275 genotype was detected. Sequencing of the NA gene of all negative samples showed a mismatch between the NA sequence and the probes used in the allelic discrimination assay. Also, Y275 mutation was detected in only 1 sample from 2020. The prevalence of oseltamivir resistance was estimated as 0.27% among the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 patients during 2014−2021. The study highlights that the WHO‐recommended probes for detecting H275Y mutation may not be useful to detect 2020 and 2021 circulating strains of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring of mutations in the influenza virus.
An efficient extrinsic capacitances extraction method for small‐signal GaN HEMT devices
Authors: Zatout Boumediene , Maafri Djabar , Taibi Abdelkader , Belaroussi Yasmina , Kerai Salim , Al Sabbagh Mohamad , Yagoub Mustapha C. E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a new extraction technique to determine the GaN HEMT extrinsic capacitances over a wide frequency band on two different substrates, namely, the silicon and the silicon carbide. The proposed technique, which uses a small‐signal model equivalent circuit under cold pinch‐off operating conditions, is based on the proposal of a new small‐signal equivalent circuit which allows extracting first the extrinsic resistances and inductances. Then comes the extraction of extrinsic capacitances at high frequency. The proposed approach achieved successful results through close agreement with measured data up to 60 GHz.
Next generation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents for cancer treatment
Authors: Coghi Paolo , Li Jinxin , Hosmane Narayan S. , Zhu Yinghuai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBoron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the most promising treatments among neutron capture therapies due to its long‐term clinical application and unequivocally obtained success during clinical trials. Boron drug and neutron play an equivalent crucial role in BNCT. Nevertheless, current clinically used l‐boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) suffer from large uptake dose and low blood to tumor selectivity, and that initiated overwhelm screening of next generation of BNCT agents. Various boron agents, such as small molecules and macro/nano‐vehicles, have been explored with better success. In this featured article, different types of agents are rationally analyzed and compared, and the feasible targets are shared to present a perspective view for the future of BNCT in cancer treatment. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge of a variety of boron compounds, reported recently, for the application of BCNT.
Using 3D deep features from CT scans for cancer prognosis based on a video classification model: A multi‐dataset feasibility study
Authors: Chen Junhua , Wee Leonard , Dekker Andre , Bermejo Inigo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer prognosis before and after treatment is key for patient management and decision making. Handcrafted imaging biomarkers—radiomics—have shown potential in predicting prognosis.PurposeHowever, given the recent progress in deep learning, it is timely and relevant to pose the question: could deep learning based 3D imaging features be used as imaging biomarkers and outperform radiomics?MethodsEffectiveness, reproducibility in test/retest, across modalities, and correlation of deep features with clinical features such as tumor volume and TNM staging were tested in this study. Radiomics was introduced as the reference image biomarker. For deep feature extraction, we transformed the CT scans into videos, and we adopted the pre‐trained Inflated 3D ConvNet (I3D) video classification network as the architecture. We used four datasets—LUNG 1 (n = 422), LUNG 4 (n = 106), OPC (n = 605), and H&N 1 (n = 89)—with 1270 samples from different centers and cancer types—lung and head and neck cancer—to test deep features’ predictiveness and two additional datasets to assess the reproducibility of deep features.ResultsSupport Vector Machine–Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM–RFE) selected top 100 deep features achieved a concordance index (CI) of 0.67 in survival prediction in LUNG 1, 0.87 in LUNG 4, 0.76 in OPC, and 0.87 in H&N 1, while SVM‐RFE selected top 100 radiomics achieved CIs of 0.64, 0.77, 0.73, and 0.74, respectively, all statistically significant differences (p < 0.01, Wilcoxon's test). Most selected deep features are not correlated with tumor volume and TNM staging. However, full radiomics features show higher reproducibility than full deep features in a test/retest setting (0.89 vs. 0.62, concordance correlation coefficient).ConclusionThe results show that deep features can outperform radiomics while providing different views for tumor prognosis compared to tumor volume and TNM staging. However, deep features suffer from lower reproducibility than radiomic features and lack the interpretability of the latter.
Sustaining hope: A narrative inquiry study exploring midwives' hope‐focused practices in HIV care in Ghana
Authors: Puplampu Gideon L. , LeMay Lenora M. , Asamoah‐Ampofo Evelyn , Caine Vera 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHIV remains a statistically significant issue for women of childbearing age in Ghana. Nurses and midwives form the backbone of care providers for the prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission programmes. However, nurses and midwives receive little support to provide the emotional aspects of HIV/AIDS care.AimOur aim was to build an understanding of how midwives currently embrace their experience of hope and hoping to support mothers living with HIV.DesignThis is narrative inquiry study.MethodsWe engaged in two to three conversations with five midwives in rural settings in Ghana to understand their experiences of hope and hoping in their interactions with mothers living with HIV. Using the narrative inquiry common places of temporality, the social and personal, and space/place, we wrote narrative accounts for each participant and then searched for resonances across the narrative accounts.ResultsWe highlight three emerging narrative threads that resonated across narrative accounts. The three emerging narrative threads were (1) sustaining hope by drawing on life experiences across time and place; (2) hope is sustained through a focus on relational engagement with mothers; (3) midwives embrace the possibility to learn more about hope‐focused practices.ConclusionThe midwives began, although tentatively, to shine light on the things and events that diminished their abilities to maintain a hopeful perspective. At the same time, they became more comfortable and familiar with the notion of making hope visible and accessible in their experiences.ImpactSince the midwives welcomed additional support to cope with the challenges they were experiencing, we imagine one day being able to make sense of how nurses and midwives engage with a narrative pedagogy of hope. Including hope‐focused practices in nursing and midwifery preservice and in‐service opportunities is important.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no direct patient or public involvement in this study.
Closing knowledge gaps among parents of children with sickle cell trait
Authors: Beeman Chase M. , Abrams Mary Ann , Zajo Kristin , Stanek Joseph , Martinez‐Mendez Alexandra , Creary Susan E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite needing to be informed about sickle cell trait (SCT) status to make informed reproductive decisions, more than 80% of adults with SCT, including parents of children with SCT who have a high prevalence of SCT, do not know their status.ProcedureThis was a prospective study of parents who received SCT telephone education from the state department of health and then completed SCTaware, a videoconference‐administered SCT education program. The objectives were to evaluate knowledge after telephone education and explore if SCTaware closes knowledge gaps. Participants completed a demographic survey, a health literacy assessment, and reported their SCT status. They completed the Sickle Cell Trait Knowledge Assessment before receiving SCTaware, immediately after, and at follow‐up visits; high knowledge was a score of 75% or higher correct.ResultsSCTaware and the initial surveys were completed by 61 parents; 45 completed the 6‐month surveys. Only 43% of participants had high SCT knowledge after telephone education; 92% achieved high knowledge immediately after, and 84% continued with high knowledge at 6 months. Most parents reported they were aware of their SCT status after telephone education; 12 changed their response after receiving SCTaware.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that over half of parents have low SCT knowledge following telephone education, and many may be unaware of their status. SCTaware closes knowledge gaps, leads to high sustained knowledge, and is a potentially scalable tool. Future studies should refine SCTaware and determine if parents use their knowledge to inform their children and reproductive decisions.
Effect of selectively localized layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheet on microstructure, toughness, rheological, and crystallization behaviors of PP/EVA/LDH ternary composites
Authors: Guo Xincheng , Chen Yao , Qin Jun , Guo Jianbing , Xu Xiaoyu , Lian Honglin , Lu Zongcheng , Chen Xiaolang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolypropylene/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/layered double hydroxide (PP/EVA/LDH) ternary composites are fabricated by three different processing methods (Methods I, II, and III). The phase morphology distribution, mechanical toughness, rheological, and crystallization behaviors of PP/EVA/LDH ternary composites are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Izod impact test, rheology, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and polarizing optical microscope. The theoretical calculation results of the wetting coefficient (ωa) show that LDH nanosheets are preferentially localized in the EVA phase. The cross‐sectional results combined with SEM show that the dispersion and phase morphology distribution of LDH are closely related to the kinetic parameter of the blending sequences. The possible phase distribution mechanism is elucidated accordingly. The II‐6c sample has a highest impact strength (4.8 kJ/m2) under the method II compared with that of PP (2.8 kJ/m2) and PP/EVA (4.1 kJ/m2), which shows a more excellent toughening effect due to the synergy of elasticity of EVA and localization of LDH. The DSC results show III‐6e sample has a highest crystallinity (61.8%) because of more well‐dispersed LDH localized in PP matrix phase, providing more crystallization nucleation sites under method III.
Registration of ‘Runde’ spring bread wheat cultivar
Authors: Mavindidze Peter , Mutari Bruce , Kutywayo Dumisani , Mavankeni Busiso Olga 
Published: April 2023

Abstract‘Runde’ (Reg. no. CV‐1201, PI 702366; S02147‐7H‐0N‐2H‐0N) soft white spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar was developed by Crop Breeding Institute and released in December 2016 through the National Variety Release Committee. Runde was selected from a cross between S98066‐7H‐0G‐1H‐0N and F99012 made in 2002 at Harare Research Station. S98066‐7H‐0G‐1H‐0N is an experimental line made from a cross between F97009 (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center [CIMMYT] line) and SC91155‐4H‐0G‐0H‐0G‐6G‐0N (Crop Breeding Institute line). F99012 is an experimental line developed by CIMMYT. Runde (S02147‐7H‐0N‐2H‐0N) is a product of a 2002 cross made in Zimbabwe as cross no. 147, using the pedigree method. Runde is an early maturing, rust tolerant, and high yielding cultivar. It is generally large‐seeded (49 g/1000 grains). The genotype was among the best performing cultivars with tolerance to rusts due to the presence of leaf rust and stem rust resistance genes, Lr34, Sr2, and Lr68. It has high flour extraction potential, good dough mixing characteristics, and high flour concentration.
Impact of body mass index on the circulating levels of nitric oxide metabolites in clinicopathological features from women with breast cancer
Authors: Ferreira Fagotti Pâmella Aparecida , Oliveira Colleto Matheus Iago , Okamoto Ferreira Mariane , Teixeira Maito Vitor , Campestrini Bruno Vinicius , Scandolara Thalita Basso , de Souza Janoário Athanázio , Rech Daniel , da Silva Janaína Carla , Alves Fernanda Mara , Jacob Victorino Vanessa , Venturini Danielle , Panis Carolina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo investigate the clinical meaning of systemic nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) by comparing eutrophic and overweight/obese patients with breast cancer, considering clinical factors determinant of disease prognosis. A total of 61 women diagnosed with breast cancer were included in the study. NOx estimative was performed on plasma samples using the cadmium–copper‐Griess method. It was then categorized according to the age at diagnosis, body mass index, menopausal status, tumor histological features, molecular subtype lymph nodal invasion, and emboli presence, considering p ≤ 0.05 as significant. A significant augment was observed in NOx levels from overweight patients carrying Luminal B tumors concerning the Luminal B eutrophic ones. There was a considerable reduction in NOx levels in eutrophic postmenopausal patients compared to the overweight postmenopausal ones. Patients bearing tumor sizes between 2 and 5 cm in the eutrophic group had lower levels of NOx, concerning the overweight patients carrying tumors of the same size interval. Circulating NOx levels change significantly according to the trophic‐adipose status of breast cancer patients, and it is further affected by prognostic factors related to poor disease prognosis.
Physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic parent‐metabolite model of edoxaban to predict drug–drug‐disease interactions: M4 contribution
Authors: Xu Ruijuan , Liu Wenyuan , Ge Weihong , He Hua , Jiang Qing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) parent‐metabolite model of edoxaban, an oral anticoagulant with a narrow therapeutic index, and to predict pharmacokinetic (PK)/PD profiles and potential drug–drug‐disease interactions (DDDIs) in patients with renal impairment. A whole‐body PBPK model with a linear additive PD model of edoxaban and its active metabolite M4 was developed and validated in SimCYP for healthy adults with or without interacting drugs. The model was extrapolated to situations including renal impairment and drug‐drug interactions (DDIs). Observed PK and PD data in adults were compared with predicted data. The effect of several model parameters on the PK/PD response of edoxaban and M4 was investigated in sensitivity analysis. The PBPK/PD model successfully predicted PK profiles of edoxaban and M4 as well as anticoagulation PD responses with or without the influence of interacting drugs. For patients with renal impairment, the PBPK model successfully predicted the fold change in each impairment group. Inhibitory DDI and renal impairment had a synergistic effect on the increased exposure of edoxaban and M4, and their downstream anticoagulation PD effect. Sensitivity analysis and DDDI simulation show that renal clearance, intestinal P‐glycoprotein activity, and hepatic OATP1B1 activity are the major factors affecting edoxaban‐M4 PK profiles and PD responses. Anticoagulation effect induced by M4 cannot be ignored when OATP1B1 is inhibited or downregulated. Our study provides a reasonable approach to adjust the dose of edoxaban in several complicated scenarios especially when M4 cannot be ignored due to decreased OATP1B1 activity.
Efficient global optimization with co‐evolutionary strategy for asymmetric minimax problem in robust design
Authors: Yang Wenying , Mei Fabin , Zhai Guofu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMinimax optimization (MMO), which aims at pursuing the solutions with the best performances in the worst case, is widely used in the robust design. However, there are still fundamental limitations for MMO to converge to the optimum when solving asymmetric problems. Moreover, when MMO is employed in robust design where the objective function is evaluated through costly simulations, the efficiency of the optimization becomes crucial. To address these issues, in this paper, A novel efficient global optimization algorithm based on co‐evolutionary strategy is proposed to solve the asymmetry MMO problem with satisfactory efficiency. Furthermore, the new algorithm is tested on eight analytical benchmark problems and compared with the state‐of‐the‐art methods. Lastly, the methodology has been successfully applied to the robust design of a practical engineering product.
Characteristics of research into professional learning across professions: A mapping review
Authors: Baumfield Vivienne , Bethel Alison , Dowek Aimee , Walshe Karen , Mattick Karen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGiven the importance of their roles in society, the education of professionals is a central concern for providers and recipients of public services. In this article we consider the contribution of research on professional learning to current debate on the form and content of professional education. This mapping review asked, ‘What does the research literature tell us about the characteristics of research into professional learning across professions?’ We identified and synthesised primary research involving post‐qualification professionals' professional learning. We searched seven databases using terms such as ‘professional learning’, ‘professional development’ and ‘continuing education’ from 2000 to date. We carefully screened articles against agreed criteria, extracted data and mapped the findings. After removing duplicates, 20,616 records remained. After full text screening, 356 articles were included: 266 from teaching (75%), 77 from healthcare (22%) and 13 from another profession or cross‐professional (4%). Three included papers that spanned professions. Only 6% of articles studied the institution as the unit of analysis (rather than the individual). Around half of the included papers (49%) included an intervention. Most teaching interventions were proximal to the workplace whereas most healthcare/other studies were distal to the workplace, perhaps reflecting stage of development of the research field. Our study synthesised a heterogeneous literature to indicate the types or research that are needed to progress the debate. The clear differences in ‘style’ between professions suggested that collaboration could provide mutual benefit. Future research requires studies that report research in ways that lend themselves to evidence synthesis or replication.
Human iPSC‐Derived Proinflammatory Macrophages cause Insulin Resistance in an Isogenic White Adipose Tissue Microphysiological System
Authors: Qi Lin , Matsuo Koji , Pereira Ashley , Lee Yue Tung , Zhong Fenmiao , He Yuchen , Zushin Peter‐James H. , Gröger Marko , Sharma Aditi , Willenbring Holger , Hsiao Edward C. , Stahl Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChronic white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation has been recognized as a critical early event in the pathogenesis of obesity‐related disorders. This process is characterized by the increased residency of proinflammatory M1 macrophages in WAT. However, the lack of an isogenic human macrophage‐adipocyte model has limited biological studies and drug discovery efforts, highlighting the need for human stem cell‐based approaches. Here, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived macrophages (iMACs) and adipocytes (iADIPOs) are cocultured in a microphysiological system (MPS). iMACs migrate toward and infiltrate into the 3D iADIPOs cluster to form crown‐like structures (CLSs)‐like morphology around damaged iADIPOs, recreating classic histological features of WAT inflammation seen in obesity. Significantly more CLS‐like morphologies formed in aged and palmitic acid‐treated iMAC‐iADIPO‐MPS, showing the ability to mimic inflammatory severity. Importantly, M1 (proinflammatory) but not M2 (tissue repair) iMACs induced insulin resistance and dysregulated lipolysis in iADIPOs. Both RNAseq and cytokines analyses revealed a reciprocal proinflammatory loop in the interactions of M1 iMACs and iADIPOs. This iMAC‐iADIPO‐MPS thus successfully recreates pathological conditions of chronically inflamed human WAT, opening a door to study the dynamic inflammatory progression and identify clinically relevant therapies.
High Selectivity and Sensitivity in Chemiresistive Sensing of Co(II) Ions with Liquid‐Phase Exfoliated Functionalized MoS2: A Supramolecular Approach
Authors: Zhuravlova Anna , Ricciardulli Antonio Gaetano , Pakulski Dawid , Gorczyński Adam , Kelly Adam , Coleman Jonathan N. , Ciesielski Artur , Samorì Paolo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChemical sensing of water contamination by heavy metal ions is key as it represents a most severe environmental problem. Liquid‐phase exfoliated two‐dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are suitable candidates for chemical sensing thanks to their high surface‐to‐volume ratio, sensitivity, unique electrical characteristics, and scalability. However, TMDs lack selectivity due to nonspecific analyte‐nanosheet interactions. To overcome this drawback, defect engineering enables controlled functionalization of 2D TMDs. Here, ultrasensitive and selective sensors of cobalt(II) ions via the covalent functionalization of defect‐rich MoS2 flakes with a specific receptor, 2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine‐4′‐thiol is developed. A continuous network is assembled by healing of MoS2 sulfur vacancies in a tailored microfluidic approach, enabling high control over the assembly of thin and large hybrid films. The Co2+ cations complexation represents a powerful gauge for low concentrations of cationic species which can be best monitored in a chemiresisitive ion sensor, featuring a 1 pm limit of detection, sensing in a broad concentration range (1 pm ‐ 1 µm) and sensitivity as high as 0.308 ± 0.010 lg([Co2+])−1 combined with a high selectivity towards Co2+ over K+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, and Fe3+ cations. This supramolecular approach based on highly specific recognition can be adapted for sensing other analytes through specific ad‐hoc receptors.