bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of extended transport on cryopreserved allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) product quality and optimal methods to assess HPC stability
Authors: Reddy Opal L. , Sall Mame Thioye , Dinh Anh , Cai Yihua , Ongkeko Martin , Arya Nina , Wilder Jennifer , Tran Minh , Jin Ping , Stroncek David F. , Panch Sandhya R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSince the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, cryopreservation of hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) products has been increasingly used to ensure allogeneic donor graft availability prior to recipient conditioning for transplantation. However, in addition to variables such as graft transport duration and storage conditions, the cryopreservation process itself may adversely affect graft quality. Furthermore, the optimal methods to assess graft quality have not yet been determined.Study Design and MethodsA retrospective review was performed on all cryopreserved HPCs processed and thawed at our facility from 2007 to 2020, including both those collected onsite and by the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP). HPC viability studies were also performed on fresh products, retention vials, and corresponding final thawed products by staining for 7‐AAD (flow cytometry), AO/PI (Cellometer), and trypan blue (manual microscopy). Comparisons were made using the Mann–Whitney test.ResultsFor HPC products collected by apheresis (HPC(A)), pre‐cryopreservation and post‐thaw viabilities, as well as total nucleated cell recoveries were lower for products collected by the NMDP compared to those collected onsite. However, there were no differences seen in CD34+ cell recoveries. Greater variation in viability testing was observed using image‐based assays compared to flow‐based assays, and on cryo‐thawed versus fresh samples. No significant differences were observed between viability measurements obtained on retention vials versus corresponding final thawed product bags.DiscussionOur studies suggest extended transport may contribute to lower post‐thaw viabilities, but without affecting CD34+ cell recoveries. To assess HPC viability prior to thaw, testing of retention vials offers predictive utility, particularly when automated analyzers are used.
Dynamic Transition of Unsteady Supersonic Flow From Mach to Regular Reflection Over a Moving Wedge
Authors: Margha Lubna , Hamada Ahmed A. , Eltaweel Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe design of supersonic and hypersonic air-breathing vehicles is influenced by the transition between the Mach reflection (MR) and regular reflection (RR) phenomena. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic transition of unsteady supersonic flow from MR to RR over a two-dimensional wedge numerically. The trailing edge of the wedge moves downstream along the x-direction with a velocity, V(t) at a freestream Mach number of 3. An unsteady compressible inviscid flow solver is used to simulate the phenomenon. The Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) technique is applied to deform the mesh during the wedge motion. The dynamic transition from MR to RR is defined by two criteria, the sonic and the von Neumann. Moreover, the lag in the dynamic transition from the steady-state condition is studied using various nondimensional angular velocities, κ, in the range of [0.1-2]. The lag effect in the shock system is remarkable at the high values of κ greater than 1.5. Furthermore, the dynamic transition from MR to RR happens below the dual solution domain (DSD) because the shock is upstream curved during the wedge motion.
Multi-Body Hydrodynamic Interactions in Fish-Like Swimming
Authors: Timm Mitchel L. , Pandhare Rohit S. , Masoud Hassan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many animals in nature travel in groups either for protection, survival, or endurance. Among these, certain species do so under the burden of aero/hydrodynamic loads, which incites questions as to the significance of the multibody fluid-mediated interactions that are inherent to collective flying/swimming. Prime examples of such creatures are fish, which are commonly seen traveling in highly organized groups of large numbers. Indeed, over the years, there have been numerous attempts to examine hydrodynamic interactions among self-propelled fish-like swimmers. Though many have studied this phenomenon, their motivations have varied from understanding animal behavior to extracting universal fluid dynamical principles and transplanting them into engineering applications. The approaches utilized to carry out these investigations include theoretical and computational analyses, field observations, and experiments using various abstractions of biological fish. Here, we compile representative investigations focused on the collective hydrodynamics of fish-like swimmers. The selected body of works are reviewed in the context of their methodologies and findings, so as to draw parallels, contrast differences, and highlight open questions. Overall, the results of the surveyed studies provide foundational insights into the conditions (such as the relative positioning and synchronization between the members, as well as their swimming kinematics and speed) under which hydrodynamic interactions can lead to efficiency gains and/or group cohesion in two- and three-dimensional scenarios. They also shed some light on the mechanisms responsible for such energetic and stability enhancements in the context of wake-body, wake-wake, and body-body interactions.
Digital tools to improve parenting behaviour in low-income settings: a mixed-methods feasibility study
Authors: Jäggi Lena , Aguilar Leonel , Alvarado Llatance Milagros , Castellanos Andreana , Fink Guenther , Hinckley Kristen , Huaylinos Bustamante Maria-Luisa , McCoy Dana Charles , Verastegui Hector , Mäusezahl Daniel , Hartinger Pena Stella Maria 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionDigital parenting interventions could be potentially cost-effective means for providing early child development services in low-income settings. This 5-month mixed-methods pilot study evaluated the feasibility of usingAfinidata, a comprehensiveFacebook Messenger-based digital parenting intervention in a remote rural setting in Latin America and explored necessary adaptations to local context.MethodsThe study was conducted in three provinces in the Cajamarca region, Peru, from February to July 2021. 180 mothers with children aged between 2 and 24 months and regular access to a smartphone were enrolled. Mothers were interviewed three times in-person. Selected mothers also participated in focus groups or in-depth qualitative interviews.ResultsDespite the rural and remote study site, 88% of local families with children between 0 and 24 months had access to internet and smartphones. Two months after baseline, 84% of mothers reported using the platform at least once, and of those, 87% rated it as useful to very useful. After 5 months, 42% of mothers were still active on the platform, with little variation between urban and rural settings. Modifications to the intervention focused on assisting mothers in navigating the platform independently and included adding a laminated booklet with general information on child development, sample activities and detailed instructions on how to self-enrol in case of lost phones.ConclusionsWe found high access to smartphones and the intervention was well received and used in very remote areas of Peru, suggesting that digital parenting interventions could be a promising path forward for supporting low-income families in remote parts of Latin America.
Development and internal validation of a clinical risk score for in-hospital mortality after stroke: a single-centre retrospective cohort study in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Tiruayehu Getinet , Feleke Sefineh Fenta , Dessie Anteneh Mengist , Anteneh Rahel Mulatie , Anteneh Zelalem Alamrew 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo develop and validate a clinical risk score for in-hospital stroke mortality.DesignThe study used a retrospective cohort study design.SettingThe study was carried out in a tertiary hospital in the Northwest Ethiopian region.ParticipantsThe study included 912 patients who had a stroke admitted to a tertiary hospital between 11 September 2018 and 7 March 2021.Main outcome measuresClinical risk score for in-hospital stroke mortality.MethodsWe used EpiData V.3.1 and R V.4.0.4 for data entry and analysis, respectively. Predictors of mortality were identified by multivariable logistic regression. A bootstrapping technique was performed to internally validate the model. Simplified risk scores were established from the beta coefficients of predictors of the final reduced model. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration plot.ResultsFrom the total stroke cases, 132 (14.5%) patients died during the hospital stay. We developed a risk prediction model from eight prognostic determinants (age, sex, type of stroke, diabetes mellitus, temperature, Glasgow Coma Scale, pneumonia and creatinine). The area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.895 (95% CI: 0.859–0.932) for the original model and was the same for the bootstrapped model. The AUC of the simplified risk score model was 0.893 (95% CI: 0.856–0.929) with a calibration test p value of 0.225.ConclusionsThe prediction model was developed from eight easy-to-collect predictors. The model has excellent discrimination and calibration performance, similar to that of the risk score model. It is simple, easily remembered, and helps clinicians identify the risk of patients and manage it properly. Prospective studies in different healthcare settings are required to externally validate our risk score.
Evidence-guided approach to portfolio-guided teaching and assessing communications, ethics and professionalism for medical students and physicians: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Ting Jacquelin Jia Qi , Phua Gillian Li Gek , Hong Daniel Zhihao , Lam Bertrand Kai Yang , Lim Annabelle Jia Sing , Chong Eleanor Jia Xin , Pisupati Anushka , Tan Rei , Yeo Jocelyn Yi Huang , Koh Yi Zhe , Quek Chrystie Wan Ning , Lim Jia Yin , Tay Kuang Teck , Ong Yun Ting , Chiam Min , Zhou Jamie Xuelian , Mason Stephen , Wijaya Limin , Krishna Lalit Kumar Radha 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesGuiding the development of longitudinal competencies in communication, ethics and professionalism underlines the role of portfolios to capture and evaluate the multiple multisource appraisals and direct personalised support to clinicians. However, a common approach to these combined portfolios continues to elude medical practice. A systematic scoping review is proposed to map portfolio use in training and assessments of ethics, communication and professionalism competencies particularly in its inculcation of new values, beliefs and principles changes attitudes, thinking and practice while nurturing professional identity formation. It is posited that effective structuring of portfolios can promote self-directed learning, personalised assessment and appropriate support of professional identity formation.DesignKrishna’s Systematic Evidence-Based Approach (SEBA) is employed to guide this systematic scoping review of portfolio use in communication, ethics and professionalism training and assessment.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC, Scopus and Google Scholar databases.Eligibility criteriaArticles published between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2020 were included.Data extraction and synthesisThe included articles are concurrently content and thematically analysed using the split approach. Overlapping categories and themes identified are combined using the jigsaw perspective. The themes/categories are compared with the summaries of the included articles in the funnelling process to ensure their accuracy. The domains identified form the framework for the discussion.Results12 300 abstracts were reviewed, 946 full-text articles were evaluated and 82 articles were analysed, and the four domains identified were indications, content, design, and strengths and limitations.ConclusionsThis review reveals that when using a consistent framework, accepted endpoints and outcome measures, longitudinal multisource, multimodal assessment data fashions professional and personal development and enhances identity construction. Future studies into effective assessment tools and support mechanisms are required if portfolio use is to be maximised.
NNMT enriches for AQP5+cancer stem cells to drive malignant progression in early gastric cardia adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhangding , Wang Qiang , Chen Chen , Zhao Xiaoya , Wang Honggang , Xu Lei , Fu Yao , Huang Guang , Li Mengmeng , Xu Jiawen , Zhang Qianyi , Wang Bo , Xu Guifang , Wang Lei , Zou Xiaoping , Wang Shouyu 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveEarly gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (EGCA) is a highly heterogeneous cancer, and the understanding of its classification and malignant progression is limited. This study explored the cellular and molecular heterogeneity in EGCA using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).DesignscRNA-seq was conducted on 95 551 cells from endoscopic biopsies of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, well/moderately/poorly differentiated EGCA and their paired adjacent nonmalignant biopsy samples. Large-scale clinical samples and functional experiments were employed.ResultsIntegrative analysis of epithelial cells revealed that chief cells, parietal cells and enteroendocrine cells were rarely detected in the malignant epithelial subpopulation, whereas gland and pit mucous cells and AQP5+stem cells were predominant during malignant progression. Pseudotime and functional enrichment analyses showed that the WNT and NF-κB signalling pathways were activated during the transition. Cluster analysis of heterogeneous malignant cells revealed that NNMT-mediated nicotinamide metabolism was enriched in gastric mucin phenotype cell population, which was associated with tumour initiation and inflammation-induced angiogenesis. Furthermore, the expression level of NNMT was gradually increased during the malignant progression and associated with poor prognosis in cardia adenocarcinoma. Mechanistically, NNMT catalysed the conversion of nicotinamide to 1-methyl nicotinamide via depleting S-adenosyl methionine, which led to a reduction in H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and then activated the WNT signalling pathway to maintain the stemness of AQP5+stem cells during EGCA malignant progression.ConclusionOur study extends the understanding of the heterogeneity of EGCA and identifies a functional NNMT+/AQP5+population that may drive malignant progression in EGCA and could be used for early diagnosis and therapy.
Changing patterns of cigarette and ENDS transitions in the USA: a multistate transition analysis of youth and adults in the PATH Study in 2015–2017 vs 2017–2019
Authors: Brouwer Andrew F , Jeon Jihyoun , Jimenez-Mendoza Evelyn , Land Stephanie R , Holford Theodore R , Friedman Abigail S , Tam Jamie , Mistry Ritesh , Levy David T , Meza Rafael 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
It is unknown how recent changes in the tobacco product marketplace have impacted transitions in cigarette and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use.

Methods
A multistate transition model was applied to 24 242 adults and 12 067 youth in waves 2–4 (2015–2017) and 28 061 adults and 12 538 youth in waves 4 and 5 (2017–2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Transition rates for initiation, cessation and product transitions were estimated in multivariable models, accounting for gender, age group, race/ethnicity and daily versus non-daily product use.

Results
Changes in ENDS initiation/relapse rates depended on age, including among adults. Among youth who had never established tobacco use, the 1-year probability of ENDS initiation increased after 2017 from 1.6% (95% CI 1.4% to 1.8%) to 3.8% (95% CI 3.4% to 4.2%). Persistence of ENDS-only use (ie, 1-year probability of continuing to use ENDS only) increased for youth from 40.7% (95% CI 34.4% to 46.9%) to 65.7% (95% CI 60.5% to 71.1%) and for adults from 57.8% (95% CI 54.4% to 61.3%) to 78.2% (95% CI 76.0% to 80.4%). Persistence of dual use similarly increased for youth from 48.3% (95% CI 37.4% to 59.2%) to 60.9% (95% CI 43.0% to 78.8%) and for adults from 40.1% (95% CI 37.0% to 43.2%) to 63.8% (95% CI 59.6% to 67.6%). Youth and young adults who used both products became more likely to transition to ENDS-only use, but middle-aged and older adults did not.

Conclusions
ENDS-only and dual use became more persistent. Middle-aged and older adults who used both products became less likely to transition to cigarette-only use but not more likely to discontinue cigarettes. Youth and young adults became more likely to transition to ENDS-only use.
Assessment of diverse cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) germplasm for agro-morphological traits under a stockpiling system
Authors: MacTaggart D.R. , Biligetu B. , Lardner H.A. 
Published: March 2023

Cicer milkvetch ( Astragalus cicer L.) is a non-bloating perennial forage legume suitable for stockpiled grazing in the fall because of its rapid regrowth and high nutritive value. Genetically diverse germplasm are needed for the development of improved cicer milkvetch cultivars that can provide consistent production across variable climatic conditions. The objective of this research was to assess the diversity and relationship of 27 cicer milkvetch populations to inform the selection of populations for future cultivars that have superior agro-morphological traits during summer and fall growth. A completely randomized field trial was established in 2019 near Clavet, Saskatchewan. In 2020 and 2021, forage dry matter yield (DMY), maximum stem length, leaf number per stem, rhizome spread, and stem density were recorded on 27 populations of cicer milkvetch in late June at a first harvest and mid-October at a stockpile harvest. All five traits were different ( p < 0.05) among the populations at both harvests except for leaf number per stem in late June. Principal component analysis identified that the first three principal components described 89% of the variation in agro-morphological traits at the first and stockpile harvests. Of the agro-morphological traits, maximum stem length had the greatest correlation with forage DMY at the first harvest ( r = 0.69) and stockpile harvest ( r = 0.6). Our research demonstrates that there is a high morphological diversity among cicer milkvetch populations, and plant introductions, PI 362266, PI 576963, PI 440143, and PI 362254 could be used as novel genetic resources for the development of climate-resilient cultivars.
Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors
Authors: Sun Maxine , Cyr Marie-Christyne , Sandoval Johanna , Lemieux Perreault Louis-Philippe , Busque Lambert , Tardif Jean-Claude , Dubé Marie-Pierre 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
Cancer survivors are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with the general population. We sought to evaluate the impact of mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCA) on death of CVD causes, coronary artery disease (CAD) causes, and of any cause in patients with a cancer diagnosis.

Methods:
The study was a prospective cohort analysis of 48,919 UK Biobank participants with a cancer diagnosis. mCAs were characterized using DNA genotyping array intensity data and long-range chromosomal phase inference. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to ascertain the associations of mCAs. Exploratory endpoints included various incident cardiovascular phenotypes.

Results:
Overall, 10,070 individuals (20.6%) carried ≥ 1 mCA clone. In adjusted analyses, mCA was associated with an increased risk of death of CAD causes [HR, 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09–1.71; P = 0.006]. In sub-analyses, we found that carriers of mCAs diagnosed with kidney cancer had an increased risk of death of CVD causes (HR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.11–3.72; P = 0.022) and CAD causes (HR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.44–8.84; P = 0.006). Women diagnosed with breast cancer who carried a mCA also had a higher risk of death of CAD causes (HR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.23–4.92; P = 0.011).

Conclusions:
Among cancer survivors, carriers of any mCA are at an increased risk of CAD death compared with noncarriers. Mechanistic studies should be considered to better ascertain the biological mechanisms underneath the observed associations between mCAs and cardiovascular events for specific cancer types.

Impact:
There may be clinical relevance in considering mCAs in patients diagnosed with cancer and undergoing treatment.
SWAP70 Overexpression Protects Against Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy in a TAK1‐Dependent Manner
Authors: Qian Qiaofeng , Hu Fengjiao , Yu Wenjun , Leng Dewen , Li Yang , Shi Hongjie , Deng Dawei , Ding Kehan , Liang Chuan , Liu Jinping 
Published: March 2023

Background
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is regarded as a critical precursor and independent risk factor of heart failure, and its inhibition prevents the progression of heart failure. Switch‐associated protein 70 (SWAP70) is confirmed important in immunoregulation, cell maturation, and cell transformation. However, its role in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear.

Methods and Results

The effects of SWAP70 on pathological cardiac hypertrophy were investigated in
Swap70
knockout mice and
Swap70
overexpression/knockdown cardiomyocytes. Bioinformatic analysis combined with multiple molecular biological methodologies were adopted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of SWAP70 on pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Results showed that SWAP70 protein levels were significantly increased in failing human heart tissues, experimental transverse aortic constriction–induced mouse hypertrophic hearts, and phenylephrine‐stimulated isolated primary cardiomyocytes. Intriguingly, phenylephrine treatment decreased the lysosomal degradation of SWAP70 by disrupting the interaction of SWAP70 with granulin precursor. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that
Swap70
knockdown/knockout accelerated the progression of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, while
Swap70
overexpression restrained the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. SWAP70 restrained the binding of transforming growth factor β‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and TAK1 binding protein 1, thus blocking the phosphorylation of TAK1 and downstream c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase/P38 signaling. TAK1 interacted with the N‐terminals (1–192) of SWAP70.
Swap70
(193–585) overexpression failed to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy when the TAK1–SWAP70 interaction was disrupted. Either inhibiting the phosphorylation or suppressing the expression of TAK1 rescued the exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy induced by
Swap70
knockdown.

Conclusions
SWAP70 suppressed the progression of cardiac hypertrophy, possibly by inhibiting the mitogen‐activated protein kinases signaling pathway in a TAK1‐dependent manner, and lysosomes are involved in the regulation of SWAP70 expression level.
Editorial: Reflecting on Thirty Years ofECJ
Authors: De Jong Kenneth , Hart Emma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe reflect on 30 years of the journal Evolutionary Computation. Taking the papers published in the first volume in 1993 as a springboard, as the founding and current Editors-in-Chief, we comment on the beginnings of the field, evaluate the extent to which the field has both grown and itself evolved, and provide our own perpectives on where the future lies.