bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of cytomegalovirus real-time polymerase chain reaction assays of fecal and plasma specimens for diagnosing cytomegalovirus colitis
Authors: Sattayalertyanyong Onuma , Limsrivilai Julajak , Phaophu Phutthaphorn , Subdee Nichcha , Horthongkham Navin , Pongpaibul Ananya , Angkathunyakul Napat , Chayakulkeeree Methee , Pausawasdi Nonthalee , Charatcharoenwitthaya Phunchai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in plasma or stool may facilitate detection of CMV colitis.

Study design:
This prospective study enrolled 117 patients with clinically suspected CMV colitis. Patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms and having increased risk for CMV infection were eligible. All participants underwent colonoscopy with tissue biopsy. Five patients underwent colonoscopy twice due to clinical recurrence, resulting in a total of 122 colonoscopies. Stool and plasma CMV-PCR were performed within 7 days before/after colonoscopy. Twenty asymptomatic volunteers also underwent the same protocol.

Results:
Twenty-seven (23.1%) of 122 colonoscopies yielded positive for CMV colitis. The sensitivity and specificity was 70.4% and 91.6% for stool CMV-PCR, and 66.7% and 94.7% for plasma CMV-PCR, respectively. The sensitivity of either positive plasma or positive stool CMV-PCR was 81.5%, which is significantly higher than that of plasma CMV-PCR alone (p=0.045). On the other hand, positive results from both tests yielded a specificity of 95.8%, which is significantly higher than that of stool CMV-PCR alone (p=0.045). There was a good and significant correlation between stool CMV-PCR and plasma CMV-PCR (r=0.71, p<0.01), and both tests significantly correlated with the cytomegalic cell count (r=0.62, p<0.01 for stool, and r=0.64, p<0.01 for plasma). There were no positive stool or plasma CMV-PCR assays among volunteers.

Conclusion:
The results of this study strongly suggest that the combination of stool CMV-PCR and plasma CMV-PCR can be used to confidently rule in (both positive) or rule out (both negative) a diagnosis of CMV colitis.
Digital Therapeutics: Emerging New Therapy for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Zhou Run , Gu Yunpeng , Zhang Binbin , Kong Tingting , Zhang Wei , Shi Junping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
The increased prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide is particularly worrisome, as no medication has been approved to treat the disease. Lifestyle modifications aimed at promoting weight loss and weight maintenance remain the current first-line treatment for NAFLD. However, due to the lack of standard and scientific guidance and out-of-hospital supervision, long-term outcomes of lifestyle interventions for patients with NAFLD are often unsatisfactory.
In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic aggravated this dilemma. At the same time, digital therapeutics (DTx) are expected to be a new method for the convenient management and treatment of NAFLD patients and are attracting a great deal of attention. DTx, which provide evidence-based medicine through software programs for remote intervention in preventing, treating, or managing diseases, overcome the drawbacks of traditional treatment. The efficacy of the approach has already been demonstrated for some chronic diseases, but DTx have not been fully developed for NAFLD. This study reviews the concepts, clinical value, and practical applications related to DTx, with an emphasis on recommendations based on unmet needs for NAFLD. A better understanding of the current state will help clinicians and researchers develop high-quality, standardized and efficient DTx products, with the aim of optimizing the prognosis of patients with NAFLD.
Identification of CD8+ T cell - immune cell communications in ileal Crohn’s disease
Authors: Duong Han G. , Choi Eunice J. , Hsu Paul , Chiang Natalie R. , Patel Shefali A. , Olvera Jocelyn G. , Liu Yi Chia , Lin Yun Hsuan , Yao Priscilla , Wong William H. , Indralingam Cynthia S. , Tsai Matthew S. , Boland Brigid S. , Wang Wei , Chang John T. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a major subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a spectrum of chronic intestinal disorders caused by dysregulated immune responses to gut microbiota. Although transcriptional and functional changes in a number of immune cell types have been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, the cellular interactions and signals that drive these changes have been less well-studied.

METHODS:
We performed Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) on peripheral blood, colon, and ileal immune cells derived from healthy subjects and patients with Crohn’s disease. We applied a previously published computational approach, NicheNet, to predict immune cell types interacting with CD8+ T cell subsets, revealing putative ligand-receptor pairs and key transcriptional changes downstream of these cell-cell communications (CCC).

RESULTS:
As a number of recent studies have revealed a potential role for CD8+ T cell subsets in the pathogenesis of IBD, we focused our analyses on identifying the interactions of CD8+ T cell subsets with other immune cells in the intestinal tissue microenvironment. We identified ligands and signaling pathways that have implicated in IBD, such as IL-1β, supporting the validity of the approach, along with unexpected ligands, such as granzyme B, that may play previously unappreciated roles in IBD.

DISCUSSION:
Overall, these findings suggest that future efforts focused on elucidating CCC among immune and non-immune cell types may further our understanding of IBD pathogenesis.
Peran Romansa El-Hakim sebagai Pelopor Moderasi Beragama di MAN 1 Yogyakarta
Authors: Prasetyahadi Wiranto 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAK
Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran romansa El-Hakim sebagai pelopor moderasi bergama di MAN 1 Yogyakarta.
Metode – Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan pendeketan penelitian kualitatif deskriftif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumetasi. Terakhir, analisis data menggunakan reduksi, penyajian, dan pengambilan kesimpulan data dengan triangulasi sebagai kroscek keabsahan data.
Hasil – Temuan lapangan dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Rohis MAN 1 Yogyakarta atau disebut Romansa El-Hakim sebagai organisasi keagamaan berperan dalam mewujudkan karakter moderasi beragama, berupaya merancang berbagai program kerja dan kegiatan yang mampu mengenalkan serta memahamkan moderasi beragama kepada warga madrasah. Tidak hanya mewujudkan karakter tiap anggota Rohis MAN 1 Yogyakarta, namun juga menjadi agen-agen muslim yang baik dan teladan bagi warga madrasah. Itu menunjukkan bahwa Romansa El-Hakim menjadi al-Qudwah, mempelopori sekitarnya untuk bersikap moderat. Melalui organisasi ini terlahirkan generasi yang berkarakter dan mampu membawa kejayaan Negara Republik Indonesia.
Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Materi Iklan Siswa Kelas V-A MI Negeri 1 Yogyakarta
Authors: Suhartiningsih Tri 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAK
Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran problem based learning materi iklan media cetak siswa kelas V-A MI Negeri 1 Yogyakarta.
Metode – Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah yang terdiri dari 2 siklus meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V A MIN 1 Yogyakarta. Setiap siklus dilaksanakan dalam 4 tahapan, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah metode analisis diskriptif.
Hasil – Dalam penelitian ini, diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut, pada saat siklus I rata-rata hasil tes akhir evaluasi siswa adalah 77% dengan banyak siswa yang tuntas hanya 23 siswa dari 30 siswa, dan setelah dilakukannya tindakan siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa mengalami peningkatan yaitu 90% dengan jumlah siswa yang tuntas 27 dari 30 siswa. Dengan demikian hasil penelitian di MI Negeri 1 Yogyakarta telah tercapai dengan baik.
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning dengan software Geogebra Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Suritno Suritno 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAK
Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika dengan menerapkan model Discovery Learning dan sofware Geogebra pada peserta didik kelas IX B MTsN 5 Sleman yang berjumlah 32 anak, tahun pelajaran 2022/2023, untuk materi Trasformasi geometri.
Metode – Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dan mengacu pada model John Elliot yang terdiri perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari tes formatif, lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan lembar observasi aktivitas peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah metode analisis diskriptif.
Hasil – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model Discovery Learning dan sofware Geogebra dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil observasi aktivitas guru dalam kategori baik dan peserta didik dalam kategori cukup baik pada siklus I dan aktivitas keduanya meningkat menjadi amat baik pada siklus II. Selain itu, hasil tes formatif pada siklus I ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 53,10% meningkat menjadi 84,30% pada siklus II. Hal ini berarti bahwa penelitian yang dilaksanakan dikatakan berhasil sesuai dengan kriteria keberhasilan yang ditetapkan.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Dalam Menyusun Instrumen Penilaian Berbasis Hots Melalui Workshop di MIN 2 Sleman
Authors: Wahyuni Tri 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAK
Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun intrumen penilaian berbasis HOTS melalui workshop di MIN 2 Sleman.
Metode – Metode penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan (Action Research) yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) siklus, dan setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, peaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yaitu dengann menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif.
Hasil – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi awal kemampuan guru dalam menyusun instrument penilaian kurang baik, dengan skor rata-rata 68 dan masuk dalam kualifikasi cukup. Siklus pertama menunjukkan hasil angka nilai rata-rata 74 dan menunjukkan kualifikasi cukup. Siklus kedua menunjukkan hasil angka nilai rata-rata 84 dengan kualifikasi baik. Dapat disimpulkaan berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan bahwa workshop dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menyusun instrumen penilaian di MIN 2 Sleman. Selanjutnya peneliti merekomendasikan: (1) bagi guru yang mendapatkan kesulitan dalam penyusunan instrumen penilaian dapat melaksanakan diskusi dan praktik intensif berbasis KKG perjenjang. (2) Agar hasil penyusunan lebih maksimal, pelatihan penyusunan secara intensif dan berkelanjutan perlu dilakukan.
Braking and attitude control of lunar lander in active descent stage
Authors: Luo Leru , Bao Changchun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
China officially launched the lunar exploration project, named “Chang’e Project,” in 2004. Then, in 2013, Chang’e-3 completed the soft landing on the lunar surface, starting a series of studies on the soft landing of spacecraft. This study aims to optimize the dynamic flight guidance and attitude control of the lunar landing module represented by Chang’e-3 in the soft landing stage. After analyzing the attitude control requirements of the soft landing stage of the lunar landing module, this study designs the lunar soft landing process under a variable structure sliding mode (VSSM) control. The study also analyzes the influence of the pulse width modulator (PWM) on the soft landing process. The simulation model of the lunar soft landing guidance and control system is established by MATLAB/Simulink, and the traditional proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control mode is compared with the interference condition. Results show that VSSM + PWM is superior to PID in robustness and accuracy and has a theoretical reference value for future lunar landing exploration and even Mars landing exploration.
Primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma: A case report
Authors: Chen Bin-Qiong , Luo Wei-Wen , Lin Wen-Jie , Zhuang Wei , Li Shi-Lin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Angiosarcoma is a rare subtype of soft tissue sarcoma with identifiable vascular differentiation. It can occur at any age and develop throughout the body, but it is most commonly found in skin, soft, and breast tissues. Primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma is rarely reported in the relevant literature. This article reports a case of primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma in a middle-aged man, with the relevant literature reviewed in detail. A 46-year-old male had experienced left waist pain for 2 months. An ultrasonic examination revealed a mass in the left retroperitoneum, and left retroperitoneal lesions were confirmed via computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The tumor was removed surgically, and the CT scan revealed local tumor recurrence after 1 month when the first adjuvant therapy was performed. The patient died of a massive hemorrhage from a ruptured tumor. Angiosarcoma has high malignancy and a poor prognosis. Its early diagnosis and treatment significantly impact the long-term survival rate of patients.
Bundles of trust? Examining the relationships between media repertoires, institutional trust, and social contexts
Authors: Verboord Marc 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
How the media influence the trust that citizens have in institutions such as politics and science seems more important than ever, given the decline of institutional trust in Western societies, and the increasingly diversified media landscape. This paper focuses on the relationship between media repertoires, institutional trust, and two socializing contexts (parents, social networks). Applying Latent Class Analysis, this paper examines (a) how parental socialization and social networks predict membership of media repertoires, and (b) how repertoires are associated with levels of institutional trust. Outcomes reveal five distinct media repertoires, among which the emerging type of cross-media news consumers. Membership of repertoires is associated with both parental socialization and social networks. There are clear differences in the levels of institutional trust among media repertoires: Popular media omnivores and quality news consumers have the most trust; the non-print-oriented the least.
Can media literacy help to promote civic participation? It’s not quite that simple
Authors: Bucholtz Ianis , Silkāne Vineta , Dāvidsone Agnese 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A number of previous studies have documented the link between media literacy and civic or political participation, and some researchers argue that the advancement of media literacy may encourage citizens to take part in addressing various issues of societal concern. However, the previous studies tend to include relatively few civic or political activities in the measurements and do not demonstrate in detail how different dimensions of media literacy are related to particular forms of participation. This study addresses these issues using survey data from Latvia (N = 871). The results show that a link between media literacy and civic participation exists, but media literacy explains a relatively small variance in civic participation activities. We advocate caution when considering whether media literacy itself promotes civic participation, because other phenomena, which further studies should explore, could contribute to both media literacy and civic participation. While acknowledging the general importance of media literacy, this paper argues that individuals with these skills do not necessarily use them for civic participation, and that increased levels of media literacy may not offset the structural reasons for low civic activity in a society.
Influence of octreotide on apoptosis and metabolome expression in lipopolysaccharide-induced A549 cells
Authors: Ruan Luoyang , Xu Xiaomeng , Cao Jinliang , Xu Xiaohong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Lung cancer shows a high rate of incidence and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the influence of octreotide (OCT) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and metabolome expression in A549 cells. After A549 cells were treated by LPS or co-cultured with LPS and OCT, cell apoptosis was tested by flow cytometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC/MS) were subjected to determine the differently expressed metabolites, and the interaction network was constructed. Results found that OCT promoted the apoptosis of A549 cells and significantly affected LPS-regulated cell apoptosis. Following the further investigation by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), the metabolites with different expression levels were obtained, and most of which belong to amino acids, phospholipids, organic acid, and saccharides. Fourteen components with the role of the marker metabolites included serotonin, indole, threonine, serine, glucose, phenylalanine, lactose, fumarate, 4-hydroxyphenyllactate, aspartate, asparagine, putrescine, proline, and succinate. It is indicated that OCT promotes apoptosis through five metabolism pathways and 14 key metabolism elements in A549 cells.
Approaching Transcultural Communication and the Global South: A Conversation With Prof. Herman Wasserman
Authors: Wasserman Herman , Li Hangwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Herman Wasserman is a Professor of Journalism at Stellenbosch University, South Africa. He has published widely on media, ethics and democracy in Africa and has consulted for organizations such as the United Nations, the World Health Organization and the Centre for International Media Assistance and given keynote addresses and invited lectures at universities worldwide. He has been a visiting scholar at Indiana University, Tsinghua University, the University of Houston and the Ludwig–Maximilian University. His awards include the Georg Foster Prize from the German Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, a Fulbright Fellowship, amongst others. He is often quoted in international media and serves on the editorial boards of more than fifteen international scholarly journals. He is Editor-in-Chief of the African Journalism Studies and the Annals of the International Communication Association. He is a Fellow of the International Communication Association and an elected member of the Academy of Science of South Africa. In this interview, Wasserman talks about international inequality in communication and media studies, the importance of decolonizing communication studies, and the need to include more vantage points from the Global South in communication scholarship and knowledge production in general. Wasserman also discusses about the importance of revisiting indigenous philosophy while alerting us against romanticizing or essentializing these philosophies. He further talks about his recent works on media ethics, disinformation, and how they connect to the wider debate on topics such as information disorder in the Global South.
Flexible control of an ultrastable levitated orbital micro-gyroscope through orbital-translational coupling
Authors: Li Wenqiang , Wang Xia , Liu Jiaming , Li Shuai , Li Nan , Hu Huizhu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introducing rotational degree of control into conventional optical tweezers promises unprecedented possibilities in physics, optical manipulation, and life science. However, previous rotational schemes have largely relied upon the intrinsic properties of microsphere anisotropy—such as birefringence or amorphous shape—which involves sophisticated fabrication processes and is limited in their application range. In this study, we demonstrated the first experimental realization of orbiting a homogeneous microsphere by exploiting angular momentum in a transversely rotating optical trap. The high level of rotational control allows us to explore orbital-translational coupling and realize an ultra-stable micro-gyroscope of considerable value. The dynamics of orbital levitated particle was theoretically characterized using a simple model. Our proposed method provided a novel way to qualitatively characterize optical trap features. In the future, the approach could pave the way for investigating rotational opto-mechanics, rotational ground state cooling, and the study of ultra-sensitive angular measurement.
Supercontinuum in integrated photonics: generation, applications, challenges, and perspectives
Authors: Brès Camille-Sophie , Della Torre Alberto , Grassani Davide , Brasch Victor , Grillet Christian , Monat Christelle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Frequency conversion in nonlinear materials is an extremely useful solution to the generation of new optical frequencies. Often, it is the only viable solution to realize light sources highly relevant for applications in science and industry. In particular, supercontinuum generation in waveguides, defined as the extreme spectral broadening of an input pulsed laser light, is a powerful technique to bridge distant spectral regions based on single-pass geometry, without requiring additional seed lasers or temporal synchronization. Owing to the influence of dispersion on the nonlinear broadening physics, supercontinuum generation had its breakthrough with the advent of photonic crystal fibers, which permitted an advanced control of light confinement, thereby greatly improving our understanding of the underlying phenomena responsible for supercontinuum generation. More recently, maturing in fabrication of photonic integrated waveguides has resulted in access to supercontinuum generation platforms benefiting from precise lithographic control of dispersion, high yield, compact footprint, and improved power consumption. This Review aims to present a comprehensive overview of supercontinuum generation in chip-based platforms, from underlying physics mechanisms up to the most recent and significant demonstrations. The diversity of integrated material platforms, as well as specific features of waveguides, is opening new opportunities, as will be discussed here.