bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic Activity of Gambier Leave (Uncaria gambir) Ethyl Acetate Extract on Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast Cell (NIH-3T3) using MTT Assay
Authors: Pramanik Farina , Satari Mieke Hemiawati , Azhari Azhari 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Uncaria gambir or gambier is one of the plants widely found in Indonesia. Gambier is locally known as an antioxidant and antibacterial agent because it has high catechin content. Ethyl acetate extract of gambier leaves has been investigated to contain the highest catechin content than other extraction solvents. Fibroblasts are often used in biomaterial viability and toxicity tests because they have a highly reproducible growth rate and biological response. NIH-3T3 is commonly used as a substitute for human gingival fibroblasts. However, no study has been conducted on the cytotoxic activity of gambier extract on fibroblast cells.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the cytotoxic activity of gambier ethyl acetate extract (GEE) exerts on NIH-3T3 cell lines using MTT assay.

Methods:
The cytotoxic activity of gambier extract was evaluated in three incubation periods. The cytotoxicity test was conducted using an ethyl acetate extract of gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) leaves. The NIH-3T3 cell was treated by GEE in ten concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) for 24-, 48, and 72-hour incubation periods. Cell viability was determined with MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The data were analyzed statistically using SPSS based on ANOVA, followed by Tukey HSD post hoc with p<0.05 and ANOVA paired sample T-test with p<0.05, and the CD50 value was measured by Sigma Plot software.

Results:
GEE at 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 250 ppm have cell viability >80%, and cell viability was observed to be increased based on the incubation period. GEE at 1000 ppm significantly decreased the cell viability from GEE at 0 ppm in 24-, 48-, and 72-hour incubation periods (23.83%, 30.14%, and 19.02%, respectively). Moreover, GEE at 500 ppm became toxic by significantly decreasing the cell viability in 48- and 72-hour incubation (40.43% and 23.03%, respectively). The CD50 value of GEE at 24-, 48-, and 72-hour incubation was found to be 578.03 ppm, 488.63 ppm, and 470.70 ppm, respectively.

Conclusion:
GEE at 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 250 ppm were not found to be toxic to NIH-3T3 cells for 24-, 48-, and 72-hour incubation periods.
Vulnerability to HIV Infection Among International Immigrants in China: Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey
Authors: Zhou Yuyin , Cheng Feng , Xu Junfang 
Published: January 2023

Background
The rising number of migrants worldwide, including in China given its recent rapid economic development, poses a challenge for the public health system to prevent infectious diseases, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by risky sexual behaviors.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the risky sexual behaviors of international immigrants living in China to provide evidence for establishment of a localized public health service system.

Methods
Risky sexual behaviors were divided into multiple sexual partners and unprotected sexual behaviors. Basic characteristics, sexual knowledge, and behaviors of international immigrants were summarized with descriptive statistics. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with risky sexual behaviors, and the associations of demographic characteristics and risk behaviors with HIV testing and intention to test for HIV.

Results
In total, 1433 international immigrants were included in the study, 61.76% (n=885) of whom had never heard of STIs, and the mean HIV knowledge score was 5.42 (SD 2.138). Overall, 8.23% (118/1433) of the participants had been diagnosed with an STI. Among the 1433 international immigrants, 292 indicated that they never use a condom for homosexual sex, followed by sex with a stable partner (n=252), commercial sex (n=236), group sex (n=175), and casual sex (n=137). In addition, 119 of the international immigrants had more than three sex partners. Individuals aged 31-40 years were more likely to have multiple sexual partners (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.364, 95% CI 1.149-4.862). Married participants were more likely to have unprotected sexual behaviors (AOR 3.096, 95% CI –1.705 to 5.620), whereas Asians were less likely to have multiple sexual partners (AOR 0.446, 95% CI 0.328-0.607) and unprotected sexual behaviors (AOR 0.328, 95% CI 0.219-0.492). Women were more likely to have taken an HIV test than men (AOR 1.413, 95% CI 1.085-1.841). Those who were married (AOR 0.577, 95% CI 0.372-0.894), with an annual disposable income >150,000 yuan (~US $22,000; AOR 0.661, 95% CI 0.439-0.995), considered it impossible to become infected with HIV (AOR 0.564, 95% CI 0.327-0.972), and of Asian ethnicity (AOR 0.330, 95% CI 0.261-0.417) were less likely to have an HIV test. People who had multiple sexual partners were more likely to have taken an HIV test (AOR 2.041, 95% CI 1.442-2.890) and had greater intention to test for HIV (AOR 1.651, 95% CI 1.208-2.258).

Conclusions
International immigrants in China exhibit risky sexual behaviors, especially those aged over 30 years. In addition, the level of HIV-related knowledge is generally low. Therefore, health interventions such as targeted, tailored programming including education and testing are urgently needed to prevent new HIV infections and transmission among international immigrants and the local population.
The Reliability and Quality of Short Videos as a Source of Dietary Guidance for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: He Zixuan , Wang Zhijie , Song Yihang , Liu Yilong , Kang Le , Fang Xue , Wang Tongchang , Fan Xuanming , Li Zhaoshen , Wang Shuling , Bai Yu 
Published: January 2023

Background
Dietary management is considered a potential adjunctive treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Short-video sharing platforms have enabled patients to obtain dietary advice more conveniently. However, accessing useful resources while avoiding misinformation is not an easy task for most patients.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the quality of the information in IBD diet–related videos on Chinese short-video sharing platforms.

Methods
We collected and extracted information from a total of 125 video samples related to the IBD diet on the 3 Chinese short-video sharing platforms with the most users: TikTok, Bilibili, and Kwai. Two independent physicians evaluated each video in terms of content comprehensiveness, quality (rated by Global Quality Score), and reliability (rated by a modified DISCERN tool). Finally, comparative analyses of the videos from different sources were conducted.

Results
The videos were classified into 6 groups based on the identity of the uploaders, which included 3 kinds of medical professionals (ie, gastroenterologists, nongastroenterologists, and clinical nutritionists) and 3 types of non–medical professionals (ie, nonprofit organizations, individual science communicators, and IBD patients). The overall quality of the videos was poor. Further group comparisons demonstrated that videos from medical professionals were more instructive in terms of content comprehensiveness, quality, and reliability than those from non–medical professionals. Moreover, IBD diet–related recommendations from clinical nutritionists and gastroenterologists were of better quality than those from nongastroenterologists, while recommendations from nonprofit organizations did not seem to be superior to other groups of uploaders.

Conclusions
The overall quality of the information in IBD diet-related videos is unsatisfactory and varies significantly depending on the source. Videos from medical professionals, especially clinical nutritionists and gastroenterologists, may provide dietary guidance with higher quality for IBD patients.
The Effectiveness of an After-school Sport Sampling Intervention on Urban Middle School Youth in the Midwest: Posttest-Only Study
Authors: Lightner Joseph , Eighmy Katlyn , Valleroy Ella , Wray Bridget , Grimes Amanda 
Published: January 2023

Background
Effective and scalable interventions are needed to combat chronic low levels of youth physical activity. After-school sport sampling programs may be vital interventions for teaching sports and increasing physical literacy and physical activity, which result in healthy lifelong habits that are maintained into adulthood.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of an after-school sport sampling intervention among underserved youth in the Midwest.

Methods
Youth (n=81) in 3 middle schools within a large Midwest city participated in an 8-month, after-school physical activity intervention that aimed to increase moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity, improve physical literacy, and decrease BMI. Difference scores for this 2-group, posttest-only design were calculated. A series of 2-tailed t tests were conducted to assess between-group differences.

Results
The intervention group had significantly better physical literacy (t115=7.57; P=.004) and engaged in more moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity minutes per week (t115=4.28; P=.04) and steps per day (t115=4.29; P=.03).

Conclusions
An after-school sport sampling program may be an effective solution for combating youth physical inactivity. Future research should assess the scalability of this intervention with larger populations and in different areas.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/37126
Analisis Kegagalan Pelat Roller Coal Crusher Pada Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler di PLTU Batu Bara
Authors: Utomo Faris Fadhil , Ilman Mochammad Noer 
Published: January 2023

Salah satu alat yang digunakan untuk mengolah batu bara sebelum dimasukkan dan dibakar di dalam ruang bakar boiler pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) batu bara dengan circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler adalah coal crusher. Salah satu masalah yang timbul pada alat tersebut adalah keausan pada gigi-gigi pelat yang bisa berdampak pada penurunan efisiensi pembakaran di boiler. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, diperlukan repair weld untuk meningkatkan kekerasan permukaan (hardfacing) dengan menggunakan shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari karakteristik material Hadfield steel yang digunakan sebagai pelat roller coal crusher di suatu PLTU batu bara CFB boiler pada kondisi sebelum perlakuan (as received) dan sesudah mengalami hardfacing (repair weld) menggunakan proses SMAW. Pada penelitian ini, perlakuan hardfacing dilakukan dengan menggunakan 3 jenis elektroda las SMAW, yaitu: AWS A5.4 E309-16, AWS A5.13 EFeMn-A, dan CHR 212, masing-masing untuk lapisan dasar, lapisan tengah dan permukaan atas dari gigi pelat. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian yang meliputi: uji komposisi kimia material, pengamatan struktur mikro, uji kekerasan mikro Vickers, uji tarik, uji impak, uji keausan, dan fraktografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelat as received dengan struktur mikro berupa austenite cenderung rentan terhadap keausan (impact wear) pada gigi pelat saat dioperasikan karena kekerasan relatif rendah, yaitu sekitar 216 HV. Untuk pelat repair weld, struktur mikro berupa austenite pada lapisan AWS A5.4 E309-16 dan AWS A5.13 EFeMn-A dengan bentuk columnar dendritic sedangkan pada bagian permukaan gigi pelat yang dibuat dari elektroda CHR 212 berupa martensite dan austenite. Adanya struktur mikro berupa martensite pada permukaan gigi hasil dari repair welding ini menyebabkan peningkatan nilai kekerasan (700 HV) dan nilai ketahanan aus namun diikuti dengan penurunan ketangguhan impak dan kekuatan tarik akibat terjadinya retak las yang berupa retak pembekuan (weld solidification cracking) dan hydrogen-induced crack.
Innovative research of vertical video creation under the background of mobile communication
Authors: Mingti Zhang , Yansen Zhang , Yimei Cao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, media forms and communication methods have changed, the scale of mobile phone users has been expanding and vertical video has become more and more popular under the background of mobile communication. In the face of the new thing of vertical screen, its communication and production methods are different from traditional video, and the presentation effect also has its own uniqueness. How video creators adapt to the new mode of dissemination and production in the vertical screen format, and how to creatively apply various mobile shooting equipment and innovative shooting techniques to create excellent vertical video works have become one of the important research topics in the field of video creation in the new era. This part of the research relies on the observation of a large number of excellent vertical screen film and television works, analyses and summarises the problems encountered in the mid-early and late stages of creation, and starts from the perspective of creation equipment, creation process, communication experience and picture composition so as to find the regularity of vertical screen creation, incorporate creative ideas and creative techniques, and explore an effective way of creation. The study also takes the grey world algorithm as an example, and the analysis emphasises the key role of computational photography in changing the imaging effect of mobile shooting equipment.
Pensamiento del profesorado chileno sobre saberes pedagógicos: Evidencias de la última década
Authors: Venegas Traverso Cristián 
Published: January 2023

El trabajo revisa la evidencia científica producida durante el periodo 2011-2019 sobre el pensamiento del profesorado chileno y los saberes pedagógicos y disciplinarios, en el contexto del sistema escolar. El periodo 2011-2019 se caracterizó por la implementación de nuevas políticas educativas, esencialmente centradas en la carrera docente, así como por la emergencia de aulas diversas, gatilladas por el fenómeno migratorio y nuevas políticas inclusivas. El trabajo se desarrolló bajo una metodología cualitativa, con un diseño tipo revisión sistemática, propio de un estudio secundario. De acuerdo con los criterios establecidos, se seleccionaron 29 fuentes de información (estudios), cuyos datos fueron organizados en ocho categorías. Los resultados demostraron que en el pensamiento del profesorado chileno cohabitan perspectivas contrapuestas; no obstante, se revela en general una preponderancia de referencias asociadas al constructivismo. Del mismo modo, se apreció una alta valoración del profesorado sobre su propio desempeño, que no necesariamente se podría armonizar con la evidencia de aprendizajes escolares.

The thinking of Chilean teachers about pedagogical knowledge: Evidence from the last decade
Abstract
The work aimed to review the scientific evidence produced during the period 2011-2019, on the thinking of Chilean teachers about pedagogical and disciplinary knowledge, in the context of the school system. The period 2011-2019 was characterized in terms of the implementation of new educational policies, essentially focused on the teaching career, and in terms of the emergence of diverse classrooms, triggered by the migration phenomenon and new inclusive policies. The work was developed under a qualitative methodology, with a systematic review design, typical of a secondary study. According to the established criteria, 29 sources of information (studies) were selected, whose information was categorized into eight categories. The results showed that opposing perspectives coexist in the thinking of Chilean teachers; however, the general presence of a preponderance of references associated with constructivism was revealed. Likewise, teachers showed a high valuation of their own performance, which could not necessarily be harmonized with the evidence of school learning.
Percepción estudiantil del desempeño escolar durante la pandemia: estudio en una universidad pública mexicana
Authors: Durán Lizarraga María Elena , López Ortiz Claudia Alicia , Rosales Flores Roselia Arminda 
Published: January 2023

El propósito del trabajo es explorar la autopercepción de estudiantes de licenciatura, en una universidad de México, sobre su desempeño escolar en el contexto de la pandemia. Se diseñó un cuestionario en línea con preguntas abiertas que exploran la percepción del estudiantado sobre la modalidad a distancia en su proceso de aprendizaje, considerando sus condiciones materiales de vida. El muestreo fue no probabilístico de autoselección, con la participación de 417 estudiantes. Para el análisis se usaron las categorías predefinidas sobre estado de salud, experiencias y dificultades personales en el distanciamiento social, experiencias del semestre pasado, propuestas de mejora y dificultades que pueden afectar el desempeño en el nuevo semestre. Los resultados muestran que aquellos estudiantes capaces de gestionar satisfactoriamente su proceso de aprendizaje perciben como “buenas” sus condiciones materiales de vida, salud personal y familiar. Entre las complicaciones percibidas destacan el servicio de Internet y el uso compartido de dispositivos o espacios.

Student perception of school performance during the pandemic experience: a case study in a Mexican public university
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to explore the perception of undergraduate students, in a mexican university, on their academic performance in the context of the pandemic. An online questionnaire was designed with questions that explore the students' perception of the distance modality in their learning process, considering their structural conditions of life. Non-probabilistic self-selection sampling was carried out, with the participation of 417 students. For the analysis, we used predefined categories of health, personal difficulties, self-regulation, academic performance, and proposals for problem-solving. These categories were detailed as the information was analyzed. The results show that those students capable of satisfactorily managing their learning process perceive their material living conditions, and personal and family health as "good". Among the perceived complications, the Internet service and the shared use of devices or spaces stand out.
Significados sobre escritura académica en un curso de actualización docente a distancia
Authors: Guerrero Tejero Irán Guadalupe 
Published: January 2023

Diferentes investigaciones han señalado desde hace varias décadas la importancia de examinar las creencias, supuestos y representaciones de los docentes sobre la escritura en la universidad. En menor medida se ha explorado de qué manera se modifican esas ideas. Este trabajo, de corte cualitativo, exploró los significados que un grupo de docentes universitarios atribuye a la escritura académica, antes y después de participar en un curso a distancia. Se emplearon referentes teóricos de la literacidad académica y del análisis del discurso guiado por una perspectiva etnográfica, para analizar los foros, las sesiones virtuales, así como la evidencia escrita producida en el contexto del curso. Los resultados muestran que los docentes reflexionaron y analizaron sus experiencias e introdujeron a su discurso aspectos de socialización y literacidad académica. Esto confirma la necesidad de propiciar espacios de diálogo y reflexión docente para generar ideas alternas sobre estos procesos.

Teacher’s meanings about academic writing in a distance in-service teacher education course
Abstract
Research has pointed out for several decades the importance of examining teachers' beliefs, assumptions, and representations about writing in the university. To a lesser extent, the way in which these ideas are modified has been explored. This qualitative work explored the meanings that a group of university teachers attribute to academic writing, before and after participating in a distance in-service teacher education course. Theoretical referents of academic literacy and discourse analysis guided by an ethnographic perspective, were used to analyze the forums, virtual sessions, as well as the written evidence produced in the context of the course. The results show that the teachers reflected and analyzed their experiences and introduced aspects of socialization and academic literacy to their discourse. This confirms the need to promote spaces for dialogue and teacher reflection to generate alternative ideas about these processes.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN DARING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SD DI KLATEN PADA MASA COVID 19
Authors: Sri Suwartini  , Nela Rofisian  
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif ini bersifat deskriptif menggunakan analisis data kualitatif sehingga menjadi paparan data yang mudah di pahami. Pembelajaran pada sekolah dasar atau madrasah ibtidiyah ( MI ) dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pembelajaran daring atau biasa disebut dengan pembelajaran jarak jauh dengan bimbingan orang tua dan guru di sekolah. Siswa melakukan pembelajaran daring dan berinteraksi dengan guru menggunakan beberapa aplikasi yang di pakai seperti google classroom, zoom, google meet dan whatsapp group. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran daring terhadap minat belajanr siswa pada masa covid-19. Responden yang diambil adalah siswa, guru dan orang tua siswa SD di Klaten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pembelajaran daring pada masa pandemi covid-19 sangat bepengaruh terhadap minat belajar siswa, Dari 15 siswa disiklus I mengalami peningkatan dari 78,5% menjadi 85% dari 7 yang tidak tuntas yaitu 22 % menjadi 3 sebesar 15%.
KOMUNIKASI EFEKTIF DALAM PENGUATAN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: A. Agustan Arifin  
Published: January 2023

Peserta didik dapat membentuk karakter yang baik melalui komunikasi efektif yang diberikan oleh para pendidik. Pembentukan karakter yang baik tidak hanya diberikan melalui komunikasi secara langsung, namun juga dapat melalui contoh berupa kebiasaan-kebiasaan baik yang diterapkan para pendidik di depan para peserta didik. Dalam praktik pembelajaran, komunikasi yang dilakukan guru dan siswa bukan hanya proses pertukaran dan penyampaian materi pembelajaran, melainkan terdapat dimensi relasi guru dan siswa menjadi syarat utama tercapainya proses pembelajaran yang efektif. Karakter seseorang akan diwujudkan dalam bentuk perilaku sesuai dengan pendidikan atau pengalaman yang diterimanya. Dengan demikian, sangat penting diupayakan agar pendidikan dirancang secara sistemik, baik mengenai program, materi, media maupun kompetensi dari pendidik. Agar pendidikan karakter dapat berjalan efektif dan dapat diterima dengan sempurna maka harus dirancang strategi komunikasi yang tepat dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter. Hal ini berarti bahwa para pihak yang terlibat dalam pendidikan khususnya para guru terlebih awal hendaknya memiliki karakter yang dapat dijadikan panutan oleh peserta didik. Demikian juga pendidik dalam berkomunikasi dengan peserta didik harus memiliki muatan nilai, mutu, terarah agar terjadi interaksi yang positif dalam pembentukan karakter peserta didik.