bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a low‐protein diet supplemented with essential amino acids on egg production performance and environmental gas emissions from layer‐manure composting in laying hens in the later laying period
Authors: Iio Wataru , Shimada Risa , Nonaka Itoko , Ogino Akifumi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe fed 330–545 day‐old laying hens (later laying period) a low‐protein diet supplemented with essential amino acids (LPS) and composted their manure. We then investigated the laying performance of the hens, the nitrogen balance and emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and ammonia (NH3) from the composting, and several characteristics of the finished compost. There were no significant differences in the egg‐laying rate, egg mass, egg weight, proximate compositions in egg yolk and egg white, or feed intake between the laying hens fed a Control diet (Cont) and those fed the LPS diet. However, the LPS‐fed hens had lower excreta levels and nitrogen excretion. In addition, the environmental gas emissions per layer from composting of the manure from the LPS‐fed laying hens were decreased by 9.7% for N2O, 40.9% for CH4, and 24.8% for NH3 compared to the Cont‐fed laying hens. The concentrations of total nitrogen in the finished compost were similar between the LPS‐fed and Cont‐fed laying hens. In a vegetable‐growth test, the weights of komatsuna plants grown with compost from LPS‐fed and Cont‐fed hens were also not significantly different. Feeding an LPS diet to 330–545 day‐old laying hens was suggested to reduce environmental gas emissions from manure composting without affecting the egg production performance.
Machine learning as a tool to identify inpatients who are not at risk of adverse drug events in a large dataset of a tertiary care hospital in the USA
Authors: Langenberger Benedikt 
Published: July 2023

AimsAdverse drug events (ADEs) are a major threat to inpatients in the United States of America (USA). It is unknown how well machine learning (ML) is able to predict whether or not a patient will suffer from an ADE during hospital stay based on data available at hospital admission for emergency department patients of all ages (binary classification task). It is further unknown whether ML is able to outperform logistic regression (LR) in doing so, and which variables are the most important predictors.MethodsIn this study, 5 ML models— namely a random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), ridge regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and elastic net regression—as well as a LR were trained and tested for the prediction of inpatient ADEs identified using ICD‐10‐CM codes based on comprehensive previous work in a diverse population. In total, 210 181 observations from patients who were admitted to a large tertiary care hospital after emergency department stay between 2011 and 2019 were included. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and AUC–precision‐recall (AUC‐PR) were used as primary performance indicators.ResultsTree‐based models performed best with respect to AUC and AUC‐PR. The gradient boosting machine (GBM) reached an AUC of 0.747 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.735 to 0.759) and an AUC‐PR of 0.134 (95% CI: 0.131 to 0.137) on unforeseen test data, while the random forest reached an AUC of 0.743 (95% CI: 0.731 to 0.755) and an AUC‐PR of 0.139 (95% CI: 0.135 to 0.142), respectively. ML statistically significantly outperformed LR both on AUC and AUC‐PR. Nonetheless, overall, models did not differ much with respect to their performance. Most important predictors were admission type, temperature and chief complaint for the best performing model (GBM).ConclusionsThe study demonstrated a first application of ML to predict inpatient ADEs based on ICD‐10‐CM codes, and a comparison with LR. Future research should address concerns arising from low precision and related problems.
Ideals, governance and competencies: The complexity of implementing digitalisation in disability organisations
Authors: Eriksson Camilla , Ineland Jens 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundLiving in the digital era, young adults with intellectual disabilities use diverse digital products, the Internet, and social media in their daily lives. However, they may need support in digital undertakings as in other aspects of life. In a disability service context, staff are primary support providers but are restricted and guided by organisational goals and strategies. Previous research has shown that staff have dual roles as support providers and executors of organisational ambitions. This study analyses the motivations and prerequisites, as well as the obstacles to the implementation of digitalisation at a strategic level of disability services.MethodQualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted with public officials and municipal politicians responsible for providing disability services. A thematic analysis was performed using a constructionist perspective.FindingsThree themes were identified: Intertwined ideals of digital infrastructures in disability contexts, culture of vertical governance, and developing competencies. These themes can be seen as pillars of the digitalisation of digital services at the organisation's strategic level. In addition to shedding light on specific issues, these themes reveal underlying issues relating to conceptions of support practices and organisational culture.ConclusionDigitalisation is motivated by a desire to preserve the organisation's legitimacy and be a relevant service provider. Digital infrastructure is required for digitalisation but is lacking because of intertwined legal and moral issues. Digitalisation also appears to be hindered by organisational structures and organisational culture, whose impact greatly outweighs that of digital issues.
Enhancing measurement validity in diverse populations: Modern approaches to evaluating differential item functioning
Authors: Bauer Daniel J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen developing and evaluating psychometric measures, a key concern is to ensure that they accurately capture individual differences on the intended construct across the entire population of interest. Inaccurate assessments of individual differences can occur when responses to some items reflect not only the intended construct but also construct‐irrelevant characteristics, like a person's race or sex. Unaccounted for, this item bias can lead to apparent differences on the scores that do not reflect true differences, invalidating comparisons between people with different backgrounds. Accordingly, empirically identifying which items manifest bias through the evaluation of differential item functioning (DIF) has been a longstanding focus of much psychometric research. The majority of this work has focused on evaluating DIF across two (or a few) groups. Modern conceptualizations of identity, however, emphasize its multi‐determined and intersectional nature, with some aspects better represented as dimensional than categorical. Fortunately, many model‐based approaches to modelling DIF now exist that allow for simultaneous evaluation of multiple background variables, including both continuous and categorical variables, and potential interactions among background variables. This paper provides a comparative, integrative review of these new approaches to modelling DIF and clarifies both the opportunities and challenges associated with their application in psychometric research.
The role of sleep in prospective associations between parent reported youth screen media activity and behavioral health
Authors: Rojo‐Wissar Darlynn M. , Acosta Juliana , DiMarzio Karissa , Hare Megan , Dale Chelsea F. , Sanders Wesley , Parent Justin M. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundScreen media activity (SMA) can negatively affect youth behavioral health. Sleep may mediate this association but has not been previously explored. We examined whether sleep mediated the association between SMA and youth behavioral health among a community sample.MethodParents completed questions about their child (N = 564) ages 3–17 at Wave 1, Wave 2 (4–8 months later), and Wave 3 (12 months later). Path analyses were conducted to examine links between Wave 1 SMA and Wave 3 behavioral health problems (i.e., internalizing, externalizing, attention, peer problems) through Wave 2 sleep disturbance and duration.ResultsSMA was significantly associated with greater sleep disturbance, β = .11, 95% CI [.01, .21] and shorter sleep duration, β = −.16 [−.25, −.06], and greater sleep disturbance was associated with worse youth behavioral health across internalizing, β = .14 [.04, .24], externalizing, B = .23 [.12, .33], attention, β = .24 [.15, .34], and peer problems, β = .25 [.15, .35]. Longer sleep duration was associated with more externalizing, β = .13 [.04, .21], and attention problems, β = .12 [.02, .22], and fewer peer problems, β = −.09 [−.17, −.01], but not with internalizing problems. Lastly, there was a direct effect of SMA on peer problems, β = −.15 [−.23, −.06] such that higher SMA that does not impact sleep may have a positive impact on reducing peer problems.ConclusionsSleep (i.e., disturbances and shorter duration) may partially account for the small associations observed between SMA and worse behavioral health in youth. To continue expanding our understanding, future research should utilize more diverse representative samples, use objective measures of SMA and sleep, and examine other relevant aspects of SMA, including content, device type, and timing of use.
Novel strategy of liver cancer treatment with modified antisense oligonucleotides targeting human vasohibin‐2
Authors: Horie Sachiko , Suzuki Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Tsuyoshi , Obika Satoshi , Mohri Kohta , Kiyota Chizuru , Ren Qin , Warashina Shota , Wada Yasuhiro , Watanabe Yasuyoshi , Mukai Hidefumi , Sato Yasufumi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVasohihibin‐2 (VASH2) is a homolog of vasohibin‐1 (VASH1) and is overexpressed in various cancers. Vasohihibin‐2 acts on both cancer cells and cancer microenvironmental cells. Previous analyses have shown that VASH2 promotes cancer progression and abrogation of VASH2 results in significant anticancer effects. We therefore propose VASH2 to be a practical molecular target for cancer treatment. Modifications of antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) such as bridged nucleic acids (BNA)‐based modification increases the specificity and stability of ASO, and are now applied to the development of a number of oligonucleotide‐based drugs. Here we designed human VASH2‐ASOs, selected an optimal one, and developed 2′,4′‐BNA‐based VASH2‐ASO. When systemically administered, naked 2′,4′‐BNA‐based VASH2‐ASO accumulated in the liver and showed its gene‐silencing activity. We then examined the effect of 2′,4′‐BNA‐based VASH2‐ASO in liver cancers. Intraperitoneal injection of naked 2′,4′‐BNA‐based VASH2‐ASO exerted a potent antitumor effect on orthotopically inoculated human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The same manipulation also showed potent antitumor activity on the splenic inoculation of human colon cancer cells for liver metastasis. These results provide a novel strategy for the treatment of primary as well as metastatic liver cancers by using modified ASOs targeting VASH2.
DST variants are responsible for neurogenic arthrogryposis multiplex congenita enlarging the spectrum of type VI hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy
Authors: Capri Yline , Bourmance Lucas , Dupont Céline , Saint‐Frison Marie‐Hélène , Guimiot Fabien , Grotto Sarah , Chitrit Yvon , Laquerrière Annie , Melki Judith 
Published: July 2023

AbstractArthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a developmental condition characterized by multiple joint contractures resulting from reduced or absent fetal movements. Through whole‐exome sequencing combined with arrayCGH from DNA of a fetus presenting with early onset AMC, we identified biallelic loss of function variants in Dystonin (DST): a stop gain variant (NM_001144769.5:c.12208G > T:p.(Glu4070Ter)) on the neuronal isoform and a 175 kb microdeletion including exons 25–96 of this isoform on the other allele [NC_000006.11:g.(56212278_56323554)_(56499398_56507586)del]. Transmission electron microscopy of the sciatic nerve revealed abnormal morphology of the peripheral nerve with severe hypomyelination associated with dramatic reduction of fiber density which highlights the critical role of DST in peripheral nerve axonogenesis during development in human. Variants in the neuronal isoforms of DST cause hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy which has been reported in several unrelated families with highly variable age of onset from fetal to adult onset. Our data enlarge the disease mechanisms of neurogenic AMC.
Mutation profile of Bardet‐Biedl syndrome patients from India: Implicative role of multiallelic rare variants and oligogenic inheritance pattern
Authors: Gnanasekaran Harshavardhini , Chandrasekhar Sathya Priya , Kandeeban Suganya , Periyasamy Porkodi , Bhende Muna , Khetan Vikas , Gupta Neerja , Kabra Madhulika , Namboothri Sheela , Sen Parveen , Sripriya Sarangapani 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBardet‐Biedl syndrome (BBS), a rare primary form of ciliopathy, with heterogeneous clinical and genetic presentation is characterized by rod cone dystrophy, obesity, polydactyly, urogenital abnormalities, and cognitive impairment. Here, we delineate the genetic profile in a cohort of 108 BBS patients from India by targeted gene sequencing‐based approach for a panel of ciliopathy (including BBS) and other inherited retinal disease genes. We report here a higher frequency of BBS10 and BBS1 gene variations. A different spectrum of variations including a putatively novel gene TSPOAP1, for BBS was identified. Increased percentage frequency of digenic variants (36%) in the disease cohort, role of modifiers in familial cases are some of the salient observations in this work. This study appends the knowledge of BBS genetics pertaining to patients from India. We observed a different molecular epidemiology of BBS patients in this study cohort compared to other reports, which emphasizes the need for molecular testing in affected patients.
Nek6 knockdown polarized macrophages into a pro‐inflammatory phenotype via inhibiting STAT3 expression
Authors: Wu Xiaoyan , Deng Ke‐Qiong , Cai Huan‐Huan , Zeng Ziyue , Cao Jian‐Lei , Zhang Lin , Lu Zhibing , Cheng Wen‐Lin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently macrophage polarization has emerged as playing an essential role in the oathogenesis of atherosclerosis, which is the most important underlying process in many types of cardiovascular diseases. Although Nek6 has been reported to be involved in various cellular processes, the effect of Nek6 on macrophage polarization remains unknown. Macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or IL‐4 were used to establish an in vitro model for the study of regulation of classically (M1) or alternatively (M2) activated macrophage. Bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) transfected with short hairpin RNA‐targeting Nek6 were then in functional studies. We observed that Nek6 expression was decreased in both peritoneal macrophages (PMs) and BMDMs stimulated by LPS. This effect was seen at both mRNA and protein level. The opposite results were obtained after administration of IL‐4. Macrophage‐specific Nek6 knockdown significantly exacerbated pro‐inflammatory M1 polarized macrophage gene expression in response to LPS challenge, but the anti‐inflammatory response gene expression that is related to M2 macrophages was attenuated by Nek6 silencing followed by treatment with IL‐4. Mechanistic studies exhibited that Nek6 knockdown inhibited the phosphorylated STAT3 expression that mediated the effect on macrophage polarization regulated by AdshNek6. Moreover, decreased Nek6 expression was also observed in atherosclerotic plaques. Collectively, these evidences suggested that Nek6 acts as a crucial site in macrophage polarization, and that this operates in a STAT3‐dependent manner.
Sintering behavior and physical properties of ZnO‐modified BaZrO3 ceramics
Authors: Qiao Zhe , Li Shujing , Li Yuanbing , Wu Qinye , Wei Zhipeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBarium zirconate (BaZrO3) ceramics possesses poor sintering properties, in order to improve its densification behavior and reduce the sintering temperature, zinc oxide (ZnO) was selected as a sintering aid in this study. The effects of ZnO content on the sintering kinetic parameters and physical properties of BaZrO3 ceramic samples heated at 1300–1600°C were investigated. As the addition of ZnO increased from 0 to 5 wt.%, the calculated sintering activation energy decreased from 117.3 to 19.22 kJ/mol. The change of activation energy leads to the decrease of the optimum adding amount of ZnO with the increase of heat treatment temperature, showing 1300°C (5 wt.%), 1400°C (3 wt.%), 1500°C (2 wt.%), 1600°C (1 wt.%). The 1500°C sintered sample with 2 wt.% ZnO achieved a relative density of 96.00% and a maximum cold modulus of rupture (CMOR) of 94.5 MPa.
Effects of high‐pressure processing on techno‐functional properties of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) kernel powder
Authors: Sricheevachart Kan , Piyachomkawn Kuakoon , Sompongse Warangkana 
Published: July 2023

SummaryTamarind kernel powder (TKP) was modified using high‐pressure processing (HPP) at different levels of pressure (200, 400, and 600 MPa) and pressurisation time (10, 20, and 30 min). The properties including solubility, water‐holding capacity, oil‐holding capacity, and emulsion stability of HPP‐treated TKP were investigated and compared with untreated TKP. The results found that the properties of TKP markedly improved with HPP treatment, with increasing pressure levels and pressurisation time. The optimal condition was achieved at a pressure of 600 MPa for 10 min. The mechanism behind the improvement of these properties was further supported by the data collected on extraction yield, size‐exclusion chromatography, and FT‐IR spectra. Additionally, the total phenolic content and antioxidant properties in terms of DPPH radical‐scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power of HPP‐treated TKP were higher than the untreated TKP. The information from this study indicated that HPP is a promising technique for modifying the techno‐functional properties of TKP.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes combined with gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel to promote fractional laser injury wound healing
Authors: Zhang Xinling , Ding Pengbing , Chen Yujie , Lin Zhiyu , Zhao Xun , Xie Hongbin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo investigate whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes combined with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel are beneficial in promoting healing of laser‐injured skin wounds in mice. Supernatants of cultured human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC‐MSCs) were collected to obtain human umbilical cord MSC‐derived exosomes (HUC‐MSCs‐Exos), which were combined with GelMA hydrogel complex to treat a mouse fractional laser injury model. The study was divided into PBS group, EX (HUC‐MSCs‐Exos) group, GEL (GelMA hydrogel) group and EX+GEL (HUC‐MSCs‐Exos combined with GelMA hydrogel) group. The healing of laser‐injured skin in each group was observed by gross view and dermatoscopy, and changes in skin structure, angiogenesis and proliferation‐related indexes were observed during the healing process of laser‐injured skin in each group. The results of the animal experiments showed that the EX and GEL groups alone and the EL+EX group exhibited less inflammatory response compared to the PBS group. The EX and GEL groups showed marked tissue proliferation and favourable angiogenesis, which promoted the wound healing well. The GEL+EX group had the most significant promotion of wound healing compared to the PBS group. qPCR results showed that the expression levels of proliferation‐related factors, including KI67 and VEGF and angiogenesis‐related factor CD31, were significantly higher in the GEL+EX group than in the other groups, with a time‐dependent effect. The combination of HUC‐MSCs‐Exos and GelMA hydrogel is beneficial in reducing the early inflammatory response of laser‐injured skin in mice and promoting its proliferation and angiogenesis, which in turn promotes wound healing.
Staff's experiences of a culturally specific DEmentia Competence Education for Nursing home Taskforce (DECENT) programme: A qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Zhao Yayi , Liu Li , Ding Yaping , Song Yulei , Chan Helen Y. L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo understand participants' experiences with a culturally specific DEmentia Competence Education for Nursing home Taskforce programme within the contexts which was delivered.DesignAn exploratory descriptive qualitative approach.MethodsSemi‐structured individual interviews were conducted within one week with the participants upon their completion of the programme from July 2020 to January 2021. A purposive sample of participants with different demographic characteristics in five nursing homes was recruited to maximize the sample variation. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim for qualitative content analysis. Participation was on voluntary and anonymous basis.ResultsFour major themes were identified, including perceived benefits of the programme (i.e., enhanced sensitivity to the needs of residents with dementia, increased communication with families of residents with dementia, facilitated guidance on care for residents with dementia), facilitators (i.e., comprehensive content, active learning, qualified trainer, intrinsic motivation and organizational support), barriers (i.e., busy working schedules, discrimination against care assistants' learning capability) and suggestions for improvement.ConclusionThe results suggested the acceptability of the programme. The participants positively appraised the programme in enhancing their dementia‐care competence. The facilitators, barriers and suggestions identified provide insights on improving programme implementation.ImpactThe qualitative findings from the process evaluation are pertinent to support the sustainability of dementia competence programme in nursing home setting. Future studies could address the modifiable barriers to enhance its effectiveness.Reporting MethodThis study was reported in adherence to the Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitatve studies (COREQ) checklist.Patient and Public ContributionNursing‐home staff was involved in intervention development and delivery.Implications for Practice/PolicyThe educational programme could be integrated into the routine practice in nursing homes to improve staff's dementia‐care competence. More attention should be paid on the educational needs of the taskforce when implementing the educational programme in nursing homes. Organizational support is the precondition for the educational programme and cultivates a culture for practice change.