bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An EEG-based attention recognition method: fusion of time domain, frequency domain, and non-linear dynamics features
Authors: Chen Di , Huang Haiyun , Bao Xiaoyu , Pan Jiahui , Li Yuanqing 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAttention is a complex cognitive function of human brain that plays a vital role in our daily lives. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is used to measure and analyze attention due to its high temporal resolution. Although several attention recognition brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been proposed, there is a scarcity of studies with a sufficient number of subjects, valid paradigms, and reliable recognition analysis across subjects.MethodsIn this study, we proposed a novel attention paradigm and feature fusion method to extract features, which fused time domain features, frequency domain features and nonlinear dynamics features. We then constructed an attention recognition framework for 85 subjects.Results and discussionWe achieved an intra-subject average classification accuracy of 85.05% ± 6.87% and an inter-subject average classification accuracy of 81.60% ± 9.93%, respectively. We further explored the neural patterns in attention recognition, where attention states showed less activation than non-attention states in the prefrontal and occipital areas in α, β and θ bands. The research explores, for the first time, the fusion of time domain features, frequency domain features and nonlinear dynamics features for attention recognition, providing a new understanding of attention recognition.
Weight, insulin resistance, blood lipids, and diet quality changes associated with ketogenic and ultra low-fat dietary patterns: a secondary analysis of the DIETFITS randomized clinical trial
Authors: Aronica Lucia , Landry Matthew J. , Rigdon Joseph , Gardner Christopher D. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe DIETFITS trial reported no significant difference in 12-month weight loss between a healthy low-fat and healthy low-carbohydrate diet. Participants were instructed to restrict fat or carbohydrates to levels consistent with a ketogenic or ultra low-fat diet for 2  months and to subsequently increase intakes until they achieved a comfortable maintenance level.ObjectiveTo compare 3- and 12-month changes in body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors between a subsample of participants who reported 3-month fat or carbohydrates intakes consistent with either a ketogenic-like diet (KLD) or ultra low-fat diet (ULF).Design3-month and 12-month weight and risk factor outcomes were compared between KLD (n = 18) and ULF (n = 21) sub-groups of DIETFITS participants (selected from n = 609, healthy overweight/obese, aged 18–50  years).ResultsLess than 10% of DIETFITS participants met KLD or ULF criteria at 3-months. Both groups achieved similar weight loss and insulin resistance improvements at 3-months and maintained them at 12- months. Significant differences at 3-months included a transient ~12% increase in LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) for KLD with a concomitant greater reduction in log(TG/HDL), a measure of LDL-C’s atherogenic potential. The latter was maintained at 12-months, despite substantial diet recidivism for both groups, whereas LDL-C levels were similar for ULF at baseline and 12-months. KLD participants achieved and maintained the greatest reductions in added sugars and refined grains at 3- months and 12-months, whereas ULF participants reported a 50% increase in refined grains intake from baseline to 12-months.ConclusionAmong the ~10% of study participants that achieved the most extreme restriction of dietary fat vs. carbohydrate after 3  months, weight loss and improvement in insulin sensitivity were substantial and similar between groups. At 12  months, after considerable dietary recidivism, the few significant differences in diet quality and blood lipid parameters tended to favor KLD over ULF.
Early bile drainage improves native liver survival in biliary atresia without cholangitis
Authors: Liu Fei , Xu Xiaogang , Liang Zijian , Tao Boyuan , Lan Menglong , Zeng Jixiao 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo explore the outcomes and related factors in children without cholangitis after Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of infants with type III BA who underwent KPE from June 2016 to December 2021. We compared and analyzed the difference in native liver survival (NLS) rates in different types of cholangitis. We also investigated the relationship between the absence of cholangitis and the effect of early bile drainage (EBD) as well as the related factors affecting EBD efficacy.ResultsA total of 145 children were included in this study. Among these children, 82 (56.6%, 82/145) had cholangitis, including 40 (48.8%, 40/82) with early cholangitis and 33 (40.2%, 33/82) with recurrent cholangitis. The median follow-up period was 29 months (range, 2–75 months). The NLS rates were 67.6%, 51.7%, 45.5% and 43.4% at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years following KPE, while the NLS rates for infants without cholangitis after KPE were 68.3%, 50.8%, 46.0% and 46.0%, respectively. Higher gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ- GT) and total bile acid (TBA) before KPE were risk factors for cholangitis (P &lt; 0.05). The NLS rate in recurrent cholangitis was significantly lower than that in occasional cholangitis (P &lt; 0.01). Compared with the EBD-poor group, the NLS rate in the EBD-good group of infants was significantly increased (P &lt; 0.001). EBD was significantly correlated with the occurrence and frequency of cholangitis (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsRecurrent cholangitis was an important factor affecting NLS. For children without cholangitis after KPE, early bile drainage was better, and the NLS was longer.
Comparing the efficacy of vaginal micronized progesterone gel and capsule for prevention of preterm birth in singleton pregnancies with short cervical length at midtrimester: an indirect comparison meta-analysis
Authors: Kabiri Doron , Hamou Yael , Gordon Gali , Ezra Yosef , Matok Ilan 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone in preventing preterm birth in women with a singleton gestation and short cervical length and to determine which of the two formulations, micronized progesterone vaginal capsule versus vaginal gel containing micronized progesterone, is more effective for preventing preterm birth.Data sources: A systematic search was performed in the following databases: EMBASE, PubMed (MEDLINE), The Cochrane Library, and the Clinical Trials Registry (clinicaltrials.gov).Study eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective observational studies were included. We searched for progesterone administration to prevent preterm birth in asymptomatic women with a shortened cervix (&lt;25 mm) measured by ultrasound in the second trimester of singleton pregnancy.Study appraisal and synthesis methods: Assessments of the risk of bias of RCTs were performed by applying the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Tool; non-randomized control trials were evaluated with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). The primary outcome was preterm birth ≤33 weeks of gestation. Pooled relative risks (RR) and 95% CI’s were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. Heterogeneity of treatment effect was assessed with the I2 statistic. We pooled results of the primary outcome for individual studies using a random-effect model. We then performed a network meta-analysis to pool indirect comparisons between the two formulations (gel vs capsule). This analysis was performed using the network meta-analysis package within the R environment.Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria (4 RCTs, one cohort study) including 1,048 women. The meta-analysis demonstrated that vaginal micronized progesterone significantly reduces preterm birth risk, Risk Ratio = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.48–0.82; p = 0.0006; with no heterogeneity between the studies: I2 = 0%. In the network meta-analysis, no significant difference was demonstrated (OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.43–1.69) between the effect of the two formulations of vaginal micronized progesterone (vaginal gel versus vaginal capsules) on the risk of PTB.Conclusion: Vaginal progesterone is associated with a decreased risk of premature birth in women with a shortened cervix in the second trimester of pregnancy. No differences were found between vaginal micronized progesterone in gel or capsule formulations. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42020165198.
Major adverse cardiovascular events associated with testosterone treatment: a pharmacovigilance study of the FAERS database
Authors: Zhao Hui , Li Jun-Min , Li Zi-Ran , Zhang Qian , Zhong Ming-Kang , Yan Ming-Ming , Qiu Xiao-Yan 
Published: July 2023

Background and purpose: Testosterone is an essential sex hormone in maintaining masculine characteristics, which is prescribed for male hypogonadism as testosterone replacement treatment (TRT). Herein, we investigated long-standing controversies about the association between TRT and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), based on real world adverse event (AE) reports, registered in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).Methods: Publicly available FAERS data from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2022 were retrieved from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) website. The data mining protocol including the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) was applied to analyze overreporting caused by risk factors and MACEs, including TRT, morbidities, and ages. The ROR and the BCPNN were also applied to investigate the annually developing trend of pharmacovigilance (PV) signals in the real world, retrospectively.Results: A total of 3,057 cases referring to MACEs, with a median age of 57 years old (yo), were identified from 28,921 cases of testosterone users. MACEs related to PV signals have emerged since 2014, including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Myocardial infarction (MI) (ROR: 9.46; IC025: 3.08), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (ROR: 16.20; IC025: 3.72), ischemic cardiomyopathy (ROR: 11.63; IC025: 2.20), and cardiomyopathy (ROR: 5.98; IC025: 1.96) were the most significant signals generated, and weaker signals included cardiac failure acute (ROR: 4.01; IC025: 0.71), cardiac arrest (ROR: 1.88; IC025: 0.56), and ventricular fibrillation (VF) (ROR: 2.38; IC025: 0.38). The time-to-onset (TTO) of MACEs was calculated with a median of 246 days for AMI.Conclusion: For myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathy, TRT statistically tended to increase the risk of MACEs, while for cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac failure, and stroke, TRT demonstrated beneficial effects among the population with morbidities, such as testosterone deficiency (TD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and hypertension. MACEs were rare but led to serious outcomes including significant increase in death and disability. Since 2018, and before 2014, reports referring to TRT associated with MACEs were relatively scarce, which indicated that there might be a considerable number of cases that went unrecorded, due to neglection. Health workers and testosterone users might pay more attention to testosterone-induced MACEs.
The localised density of H2O2 in the effluent of a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet determined by continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy
Authors: Klose S.-J. , Krös L. , van Helden J. H. 
Published: July 2023

Although the research on cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets and their applications is steadily growing, several questions remain open regarding fundamental aspects of how reactive species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are generated in cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets, and how the composition of reactive species can be tailored for a specific purpose. Accordingly, absolute and spatially resolved distributions of the densities of reactive species in the effluent of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets are required. In this work, a time efficient way to determine the local distribution of gas phase H2O2 in the effluent of a cold atmospheric-pressure plasma jet using continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy at a wavelength of 8.12 μm is presented. By a combination of an axial scan and of several radial distributions, the localised density distribution of H2O2 in the effluent of the kINPen-sci plasma jet was obtained. Therefore, the effective absorption length was determined from the evolution of the radial distributions as a function of the distance from the nozzle, which was 1.6 mm close to the nozzle of the plasma jet, and increased to approximately 5 mm at a distance of 10 mm from the nozzle. The maximum density of approximately 2 ⋅ 1014 cm−3 was found in the centre of the effluent close to the nozzle. From the presented localised density distribution, it can be concluded that H2O2 is significantly generated within the plasma zone of the plasma jet. This work presents an important step towards the understanding of formation and consumption mechanisms of biomedically relevant species in the plasma zone and the effluent of a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet.
The shaping of onion seedlings performance through substrate formulation and co-inoculation with beneficial microorganism consortia
Authors: Pokluda Robert , Ragasová Lucia Nedorost , Jurica Miloš , Kalisz Andrzej , Komorowska Monika , Niemiec Marcin , Caruso Gianluca , Gąstoł Maciej , Sekara Agnieszka 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionSmart management in crop cultivation is increasingly supported by application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM), which sustain soil fertility and plant performance. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the effects of consortia composed of (Claroideoglomus claroideum BEG96, Claroideoglomus etunicatum BEG92, Funneliformis geosporum BEG199, Funneliformis mosseae BEG 95, and Rhizophagus irregularis BEG140) and PGPM (Azospirillum brasilense – AZ, or Saccharothrix sp. – S) on onion cultivated in growing media with a composition corresponding to a degraded soil. MethodsThree types of substrate formulations were used, with peat:sand ratios of 50:50, 70:30, 100:0 (v:v). The analysis of substrate parameters crucial for its fertility (pH, salinity, sorption complex capacity, and elements’ content) and characteristics reflecting onion seedlings’ performance (fresh weight, stress biomarkers, and elements’ content) was performed. ResultsAMF colonized onion roots in all treatments, showing increasing potential to form intercellular structures in the substrates rich in organic matter. Additionally, co-inoculation with PGPM microorganisms accelerated arbuscular mycorrhiza establishment. Increased antioxidant activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPOX) activity of onion roots sampled from the formulations composed of peat and sand in the ratio of 100:0, inoculated with AMF+S, and positive correlation between GPOX, fresh weight and antioxidant activity of onion roots reflected the successful induction of plant acclimatization response. Total phenols content was the highest in roots and leaves of onion grown in substrates with 70:30 peat:sand ratio, and, in the case of roots, it was correlated with AMF colonization parameters but not with antioxidant activity.DiscussionAMF and PGPM efficiency in supporting onion growth should be linked to the increased onion root system capacity in mineral salts absorption, resulting in more efficient aboveground biomass production. AMF and PGPM consortia were effective in releasing minerals to soluble fraction in substrates rich in organic matter, making elements available for uptake by onion root system, though this phenomenon depended on the PGPM species. Microorganism consortia enhanced onion seedlings’ performance also in substrates with lower content of organic carbon through plant biofertilization and phytostimulation
Lack of functional brain connectivity was associated with poor inhibition in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Liao Wenjing , Cao Longfei , Leng Lingli , Wang Shaohua , He Xinyu , Dong Yusang , Yang Rongwang , Bai Guannan 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of functional brain connectivity in the resting state in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to assess the association between the connectivity and inhibition function using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).MethodsIn total, 34 children aged 6–13 diagnosed with ADHD were recruited from Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital. In comparison, 37 healthy children were recruited from a local primary school as controls matched by age and sex. We used NIRS to collect information on brain images. The Stroop test assessed inhibition function. We compared the differences in functional brain connectivity in two groups by analyzing the resting-state brain network. Pearson partial correlation analysis was applied to evaluate the correlation between functional brain connectivity and inhibition in all the children.ResultsCompared with the control group, results of NIRS images analysis showed that children with ADHD had significantly low functional brain connectivity in regions of the orbitofrontal cortex, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, left pre-motor and supplementary motor cortex, inferior prefrontal gyrus, and right middle temporal gyrus (p = 0.006). Inhibition function of children with ADHD was negatively correlated with functional brain connectivity (p = 0.009), while such correlation was not found in the control group.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated that children with ADHD had relatively low connectivity in several brain regions measured at the resting state. Our results supported the evidence that lack of functional brain connectivity was associated with impaired inhibition function in children with ADHD.
Case report: Mixed dementia associated with autoantibodies targeting the vesicular glutamate transporter 2
Authors: Hansen Niels , Teegen Bianca , Hirschel Sina , Wiltfang Jens , Schott Björn H. , Bartels Claudia , Bouter Caroline 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAutoantibodies against the vesicular glutamate transporter type 2 (VGlut2) can trigger impaired synaptic signaling and are described here for the first time in association with mixed dementia.MethodsWe report on a 71-year-old female patient with a dementing syndrome who underwent a thorough dementia diagnosis including neuropsychological testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and a spinal tap to search for neural autoantibodies.ResultsOur patient exhibited mixed dementia. Her CSF revealed elevated ptau 181 protein and a reduced Aß42/40 ratio indicating Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. In addition, neuropsychological testing showed a profile consistent with AD with impaired memory, reduced semantic word fluency, naming disorder, and impaired visuoconstructive skills. Nevertheless, in-depth neuropsychological testing also revealed marked psychomotor slowing and visuospatial perceptual impairments that are more indicative of the presence of DLB. Overall, her dementia is more likely of mixed pathology. In addition, we repeatedly detected VGlut2 autoantibodies in her serum.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to describe mixed dementia associated with VGlut2 autoantibodies.
Partial ulnar ostectomy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, and palliative radiation therapy as local limb sparing treatment modalities for ulnar tumors in dogs
Authors: Griffin Maureen A. , Martin Tiffany Wormhoudt , Thamm Douglas H. , Worley Deanna R. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundInformation on dogs that undergo limb preserving local treatment for ulnar tumors is currently limited.ObjectiveTo describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in dogs that underwent partial ulnectomy or radiation therapy (RT) for ulnar bone tumors, and to evaluate potential risk factors for outcomes as well as pre-treatment factors for association with treatment modality selected.AnimalsForty client-owned dogs that underwent partial ulnectomy or RT for an ulnar tumor from July 2006 to July 2021.MethodsThe medical records database from a single institution were retrospectively reviewed, and data were recorded and analyzed.ResultsRadiation therapy was performed in 24 dogs, with 12 stereotactic body RT (SBRT) and 12 palliative RT (PRT) plans, and partial ulnectomy was performed in 16 dogs. Biomechanical complications occurred in 6/12 (50%) dogs that underwent SBRT, 6/12 (50%) dogs that underwent PRT, and 3/16 (18.8%) dogs that underwent ulnectomy. The majority of dogs had a good functional outcome following partial ulnectomy, and no dogs required surgical stabilization of the carpus even with lateral styloid process excision. Pathologic fracture occurred in 4/12 (33.3%) dogs following SBRT and 5/12 (41.7%) dogs following PRT. Local progression or recurrence was documented in 5/12 (41.7%) dogs that underwent SBRT, 2/12 (16.7%) dogs that underwent PRT, and 2/16 (12.5%) dogs that underwent ulnectomy. The overall median survival time was 198 days, and factors that were significantly associated with improved survival time included adjuvant chemotherapy administration and partial ulnectomy as local treatment method for dogs that received chemotherapy.Clinical relevanceBoth RT and ulnectomy were effective and well tolerated local treatment modalities for dogs with ulnar tumors.
Nature of the Metal Insulator Transition in High-Mobility 2D_Si-MOSFETs
Authors: Elmourabit F. , Dlimi S. , El Moutaouakil A. , Id Ouissaaden F. , Khoukh A. , Limouny L. , Elkhatat H. , El Kaaouachi A. 
Published: July 2023

Our investigation focuses on the analysis of the conductive properties of high-mobility 2D-Si-MOSFETs as they approach the critical carrier density, nsc (approximately 0.72×1011 cm−2), which marks the metal insulator transition (MIT). In close proximity to the nsc, the conductivity exhibits a linear dependence on the temperature (T). By examining the extrapolated conductivity at the absolute zero temperature (T = 0), denoted as σ0, as a function of the electron density ns, we identify two distinct regimes with varying σ0(ns) patterns, indicating the existence of two different phases. The transition from one of these two regimes to another, coinciding with nsc, is abrupt and serves as the focus of our investigation. Our aim is to establish the possibility of a percolation type transition in the 2D-Si-MOSFETs’ sample. In fact, we observed that the model of percolation is applicable only for densities very close to nsc*=n2 (where n2 is the linear extrapolation of σ0), indicating the percolation type transition essentially represents a phase transition at the zero temperature.