bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing eating and swallowing in adults born with intellectual and motor disabilities: Face and content validity of a Swedish translation of the Dysphagia Assessment Package
Authors: Alex A. , Lindh M. G. , Palmcrantz S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeAdults born with intellectual disabilities (ID) and motor disabilities (MD) have higher risk of dysphagia and should be assessed to decrease risk of severe complications. However, standardised assessment tools in Swedish are lacking.MethodsThe Dysphagia Assessment Package (DAP) was cross‐culturally translated from English to Swedish (DAP‐SE) and tested for content validity by an expert group. Face validity was assessed by five speech and language therapist (SLT) during meal observations (n = 10), and the clinical relevance was reported in a study‐specific questionnaire.ResultsThe DAP‐SE was culturally adapted within the process of translation and was found to contain clinically relevant aspects to assess and suggest further interventions for adults with ID and MD. Face and content validity was confirmed by the expert group.ConclusionThis study, in which the DAP‐SE was tested in a small sample size, provides the first indications of the instrument's validity with respect to evaluating mealtimes, swallowing function and swallowing safety in adults born with ID and MD. The study adds to the knowledge on how to translate and culturally adapt an assessment tool to clinically assess dysphagia on a complex and vulnerable patient group.
Dampening Global Financial Shocks: Can Macroprudential Regulation Help (More than Capital Controls)?
Authors: BERGANT KATHARINA , GRIGOLI FRANCESCO , HANSEN NIELS‐JAKOB , SANDRI DAMIANO 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe show that macroprudential regulation significantly dampens the impact of global financial shocks on emerging markets. Specifically, a tighter level of regulation reduces the sensitivity of GDP growth to capital flow shocks and movements in the Chicago Board Options Exchange's VIX. A broad set of macroprudential tools contributes to this result, including measures targeting bank capital and liquidity, foreign currency mismatches, and risky credit. We also find that tighter macroprudential regulation allows monetary policy to respond more countercyclically to global financial shocks. This could be an important channel through which macroprudential regulation enhances macro‐economic stability. We do not find evidence that capital controls provide similar benefits.
An aromatherapy massage intervention on sleep in the ICU: A randomized controlled feasibility study
Authors: Pattison Natalie , O'Gara Geraldine , Thomas Karen , Wigmore Tim , Dyer Jeannie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe conducted a feasibility randomized controlled trial exploring the effect of aromatherapy massage on sleep in critically ill patients. Patients were randomized to receive aromatherapy massage or usual care, and feasibility of recruitment and outcome data completion was captured. Sleep (depth) was assessed through Bispectral Index monitoring and self/nurse‐reported Richards‐Campbell Sleep Questionnaires, and the Sleep in the ICU Questionnaire. Thirty‐four patients participated: 17 were randomized to aromatherapy massage and 17 to control. Five participants who received the intervention completed outcomes for analysis (alongside eight controls). A larger study was deemed unfeasible in this population, highlighting the value of testing feasibility of complex interventions, such as massage for sleep in ICU.
NCR343 is required to maintain the viability of differentiated bacteroids in nodule cells in Medicago truncatula
Authors: Gao Fengzhan , Yang Jian , Zhai Niu , Zhang Chao , Ren Xinru , Zeng Yating , Chen Yuhui , Chen Rujin , Pan Huairong 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Bacteroid (name for rhizobia inside nodule cells) differentiation is a prerequisite for successful nitrogen‐fixing symbiosis. In certain legumes, under the regulation of host proteins, for example, a large group of NCR (nodule cysteine rich) peptides, bacteroids undergo irreversible terminal differentiation. This process causes them to lose the ability to propagate inside nodule cells while boosting their competency for nitrogen fixation. How host cells maintain the viability of differentiated bacteroids while maximizing their nitrogen‐reducing activities remains elusive.
Here, through mutant screen, map‐based cloning, and genetic complementation, we find that NCR343 is required for the viability of differentiated bacteroids. In Medicago truncatula debino1 mutant, differentiated bacteroids decay prematurely, and NCR343 is proved to be the casual gene for debino1.
NCR343 is mainly expressed in the nodule fixation zone, where bacteroids are differentiated. In nodule cells, mature NCR343 peptide is secreted into the symbiosomes. RNA‐Seq assay shows that many stress‐responsive genes are significantly induced in debino1 bacteroids. Additionally, a group of stress response‐related rhizobium proteins are identified as putative interacting partners of NCR343.
In summary, our findings demonstrate that beyond promoting bacteroid differentiation, NCR peptides are also required in maintaining the viability of differentiated bacteroids.
Ideology as a function in Rousseau's Social Contract
Authors: Holm Andreas Beck 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper demonstrates how ideology plays a major, but previously neglected role in Rousseau's treatment of politics in the Social Contract. Specifically, it shows how a number of key elements in his line of argument come close to ideology criticism as it is conceived in Louis Althusser's theory of ideological state apparatuses. This is the case not just in relation to the distinction between general will and particular will, but also in relation to such concepts as property and social contract. However, the paper also demonstrates how this pre‐Marxist understanding of ideology co‐exists in the text with a different and more primitive understanding of ideology which is incompatible with Marxism and which points back to Rousseau's previous discourse on the origins of inequality. The paper concludes that while there are definitely elements in Rousseau's text which point toward a future development of the theme of ideology in Marxist theory, the Social Contract on the whole is characterized by heterogeneity on this topic.
Structure recovery for partially observed discrete Markov random fields on graphs under not necessarily positive distributions
Authors: Leonardi Florencia , Carvalho Rodrigo , Frondana Iara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe propose a penalized conditional likelihood criterion to estimate the basic neighborhood of each node in a discrete Markov random field that can be partially observed. We prove the convergence of the estimator in the case of a finite or countable infinite set of nodes. The estimated neighborhoods can be combined to estimate the underlying graph. In the finite case, the graph can be recovered with probability one. In contrast, we can recover any finite subgraph with probability one in the countable infinite case by allowing the candidate neighborhoods to grow as a function , with the sample size. Our method requires minimal assumptions on the probability distribution, and contrary to other approaches in the literature, the usual positivity condition is not needed. We evaluate the estimator's performance on simulated data and apply the methodology to a real dataset of stock index markets in different countries.
A comparison of two pre‐race medical screening tools in 5771 running race entrants—SAFER XXVIII
Authors: Leppan Jordan , Schwellnus Martin , Sewry Nicola , Boulter Jeremy , van Rensburg Dina (Christa) Janse , Dyer Marlise , Jordaan Esme 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if two pre‐race screening tools (abbreviated tool of two open‐ended pre‐race medical screening questions [ABBR] vs. a full pre‐race medical screening tool [FULL]) identify running race entrants at higher risk for medical encounters (MEs) on race day.Methods5771 consenting race entrants completed both an ABBR and a FULL pre‐race screening questionnaire for the 2018 Comrades Marathon (90 km). ABBR tool questions were (1) allergies, and (2) known medical conditions and/or prescription medication use. The FULL tool included multiple domains of questions for chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD), symptoms, risk factors, allergies and medication use. ABBR responses were manually coded and compared to the FULL tool. The prevalence (%: 95%CI), and the test for equality of prevalence of entrants identified by the ABBR vs. FULL tool is reported.ResultsThe ABBR identified fewer entrants with allergies (ABBR = 7.9%; FULL = 10.4%: p = 0.0001) and medical conditions/medication use (ABBR = 8.9%; FULL = 27.4%: p = 0.0001). The ABBR tool significantly under‐reported entrants with history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD risk factors, other chronic diseases and prescription medication vs. the FULL tool (p = 0.0001). The ABBR tool identified fewer entrants in the “high” (ABBR = 3.4%; FULL = 12.4%) and “very high” risk (ABBR = 0.5%; FULL = 3.4%) categories for race day MEs (p = 0.0001).ConclusionsAn abbreviated pre‐race screening tool significantly under‐estimates chronic medical conditions, allergies, and race entrants at higher risk for MEs on race day, compared with a full comprehensive screening tool. We recommend that a full pre‐race medical screening tool be used to identify race entrants at risk for MEs.
New challenges in international economics and finance
Authors: Jiménez‐Rodríguez Rebeca , Prats María A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis Special Issue brings together 13 papers that examine a variety of central topics in the field of international economics and finance. These papers were presented at the 23rd Conference on International Economics held in Málaga (Spain) on 16th–17th June 2022. The conference was organised by the Spanish Association of International Economics and Finance (AEEFI) and the University of Málaga. The selected papers make up an interesting and revealing set of information to study the new challenges of the international economics and finance in a context especially marked by the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, the climate change, the challenge posed by the COVID‐19 crisis and the instability unleashed after the invasion of Ukraine in 2022. From different perspectives, the papers analyse how events that have particularly affected the evolution of the world economy have substantially altered the rules of international trade, foreign direct investment, as well as monetary, fiscal or sectoral policy. The conference included two keynote lectures by Per Krusell (Institute for International Economic Studies, Stockholm University) and Fabio Canova (Norwegian Business School and Budapest School for Central Banking Studies), as well as 97 selected contributions.
Knowledge assessment of a donor adverse reaction severity grading tool by the National Blood Donor Vigilance Programme of India
Authors: Bisht Akanksha , Arora Satyam , Patidar Gopal , Marwaha Neelam 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe severity grading tool (SGT) was recently designed by the Association for Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies (AABB) to have more objectivity in severity assignment for an adverse donor reaction after blood donation. A study was performed in India to assess the knowledge (post‐training) and determine the degree of agreement of the SGT between participating centres and the subject expert group.Materials and MethodsThis prospective cross‐sectional survey‐based study was conducted by the National Coordinating Centre (NCC) of the National Blood Donor Vigilance Programme (NBDVP) of India. Thirty‐five real‐world case scenarios, validated by seven national and two international experts, were sent to the participating centres, and their responses received (diagnosis and severity grade) were compared and analysed.ResultsA total of 50 blood centres participated in the study. The overall agreement between the participating centres and the expert group was 66.4%, with a fair Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) of 0.271 (p‐value < 0.05). The degree of agreement was observed to be more than 80% for 12 centres, 60%–80% for 27 centres and <60% for 11 centres. The overall degree/percentage of agreement for cases with single and multiple types of donor adverse reaction was 71.3% and 42.6%, respectively.ConclusionThe SGT will be an efficient mode to have uniform objective reporting of the adverse donor reactions and may be implemented in the NBDVP of India. This study also highlights the need for training of the blood centres on the basic definitions and categorization of the donor's adverse reaction.
Inteligência Artificial e Direitos Humanos: uma Avaliação Ética nos Negócios
Authors: Kriebitz Alexander , Lütge Christoph 
Published: August 2023

A inteligência artificial (IA) evoluiu como uma tecnologia disruptiva, gerando impactos para uma ampla gama de questões relacionadas aos direitos humanos, que vão desde a discriminação até a devida diligência na cadeia logística. Dadas as crescentes obrigações de direitos humanos das empresas e a intensificação do discurso sobre IA e direitos humanos, lançamos luz sobre as responsabilidades dos atores corporativos em termos de padrões de direitos humanos no contexto do desenvolvimento e uso da IA. Quais são as implicações das obrigações de direitos humanos para as empresas que desenvolvem e usam IA? Em nosso artigo, discutimos, primeiramente, se a IA possui um conflito intrínseco com os direitos humanos e com a autonomia humana. A seguir, discutimos como a IA pode estar ligada ao critério de beneficência, que integra a ética da IA, ​​e como a IA pode ser aplicada em áreas relacionadas aos direitos humanos. Por fim, aprofundamo-nos sobre aspectos particulares do que significa estar em conformidade com os direitos humanos, abordando áreas problemáticas específicas da IA.
Palavras-chave: inteligência artificial, ética corporativa, privacidade, digitalização, direitos humanos.
La Metodología Para Construir El Libro “Sentencias Feministas: Reescribiendo La Justicia Con Perspectiva De Género. Proyecto México
Authors: Montoya Ramos Isabel , González de La Vega Hernández Geraldina 
Published: August 2023

Ser mujer continúa siendo un motivo para no gozar de manera plena de los derechos humanos, particularmente, del derecho a vivir libres de violencia. Lamentablemente, las circunstancias de vida de las mujeres siguen siendo menos benéficas que las de los hombres ya que siguen viviendo en planos de desigualdad, discriminación, violencia y opresión. Ese contexto debe ser visible y tomado en cuenta en las disputas judiciales en las que las mujeres sean parte. En ese sentido, este artículo tiene la finalidad de describir cómo se realizó el libro “Sentencias feministas, reescribiendo la justicia con perspectiva de género. Proyecto México”. El libro es una obra única en México y el primer proyecto de reescritura de sentencias con enfoque feminista en América Latina. Entonces, el presente texto describe la metodología que guío la construcción del libro. Los puntos centrales de la metodología empleada, son, primeramente, que las sentencias se reescribieron sin modificar los hechos, la litis, los argumentos de las partes o los elementos de prueba. En segundo término, las resoluciones fueron reescritas con la misma ley aplicable (normas, jurisprudencia nacional e internacional, protocolos y doctrina) vigente en el momento en que se emitió la sentencia original. En tercer lugar, el libro está centrado en el marco de los derechos humanos, específicamente, los de las mujeres y otros grupos en desventaja como la comunidad LGBTTTQ+.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Juzgar con perspectiva de género, feminismo jurídico, sentencias feministas, activismo académico, metodología del feminismo
Shape and Generalized Topology Optimization of Curved Grid Stiffeners Through the Level Set-Based Density Method
Authors: Huang Zhuo , Tian Ye , Yang Kang , Shi Tielin , Xia Qi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A shape and generalized topology optimization method based on the level set-based density method is proposed to design the curved grid stiffeners. The overall layout of the stiffeners is described by combining many single stiffeners, and each single stiffener is described by a level set function parameterized by using the compactly supported radial basis functions (CS-RBFs). The curvilinear path of each stiffener is described by the zero iso-contour of each level set function, and the width of each stiffener is described by applying an interval projection to each level set function. The combination operation that is similar to the Boolean operation “union” is achieved by using the p-norm method. The expansion coefficients of CS-RBFs are taken as part of the design variables of the optimization, and they are responsible for changing the shape of curved stiffeners. A topology design variable is assigned to each single stiffener, and it is responsible for changing the existence of single stiffeners. The proposed method is validated through several numerical examples, and the results demonstrate that the shape and topology of stiffeners can be effectively changed during the optimization.
Thermally Assisted Rotational Autofrettage of Long Cylinders With Free Ends
Authors: Shufen Rajkumar , Singh Ngangkham Peter , Dixit Uday Shanker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Autofrettage is a widely employed process for strengthening cylindrical or spherical pressure vessels. The process involves applying a uniform load to the inner wall of a vessel to cause a controlled plastic deformation, where the vessel yields starting from the inner wall up to an intermediate radius. When the load is removed, elastic recovery takes place and compressive residual stresses are induced in the vicinity of the inner wall, which strengthen the vessel against high static and pulsating loads during service. Based on the load employed, autofrettage can be of five types—hydraulic, swage, explosive, thermal, and rotational. This work analyzes a rotational autofrettage augmented by a thermal load where the load is applied by rotating the cylinder about its axis while maintaining a temperature gradient across the wall. The combined centrifugal and thermally induced stresses cause plastic deformation in the cylinder. When the cylinder is unloaded by bringing it to rest and cooling down to room temperature, compressive hoop residual stresses are introduced in the vicinity of the inner wall. A finite element method model of the proposed thermally assisted rotational autofrettage is developed for a cylinder made of AH36 mild steel in a commercial package ABAQUS®. The results indicate that the thermal load reduces the rotational speed required for autofrettage, when compared to a conventional pure rotational autofrettage. The thermal load also mitigates the tensile axial residual stresses, which are typical in a purely rotational autofrettage. A conceptual design of the experimental setup is also presented.
Relationships of Contact Technique in Training and Matches With Performance and Injury Outcomes in Male Rugby Union
Authors: den Hollander Steve , Lambert Michael , Davidow Demi , Jones Ben , Hendricks Sharief 
Published: August 2023

The aims of this study were 3-fold: (1) to compare technical proficiency scores between training and matches for tackling, ball-carrying, and rucking outcomes; (2) to determine the relationship between technique in training and technique in matches for tackling, ball carrying, and rucking; and (3) to determine how contact technique (in training and matches) relates to match performance and injury outcomes. Twenty-four male players from an amateur rugby union club participated in the study. At the beginning of the season, players’ contact technique proficiency was assessed in a training drill. Contact technique in matches was assessed during 14 competitive matches. The technique proficiency was assessed using standardized criteria, and the outcomes of each tackle, ball carry, and ruck were recorded. In training and matches, positive performance outcomes were associated with higher contact technique proficiency scores. For instance, in both settings, tackle technique was significantly lower in missed tackles when compared to effective and ineffective tackles. Players’ contact technique scores in matches also had a positive effect on their tackle performance in matches. Ball-carry technique was associated with tackle breaks in matches (P < .05, r2 = .31). In training and match environments, tackler, ball-carrier, and ruck technique scores were significantly associated with effective tackles, ball carries, and rucks. Despite the relationship between technical proficiency scores and performance, there were small to moderately higher scores in training compared with matches. The current study highlights the importance of contact skill training, in different environments and conditions, to ensure that skills developed in training are transferred to match performance.
Study of persistency of lactation and survival of Iranian Holstein dairy cattle using random regression model
Authors: Ashrafian Ali , Kashan Nasser Emam Jomeh , Abbasi Mokhtar Ali , Sadeghi Ali Asghar , Rokouei Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether characteristics of the first lactation (FL) curve of Iranian Holstein cows are associated with survival. Cows with least 10 test-days of milk production in their FL were used. The persistency of lactation (PL) and survival were estimated using a random regression model by restricted maximum likelihood with the ECHIDDNA software. We also used the Wood model to parameterize each individual lactation curve and then analyzed various curve characteristics using an animal model. The predicted breeding value (EBV) of the characteristics of the lactation curve of the cows from day 40 to 305 was predicted. The EBV of the production range (PR) and the slope of line in increasing phase ( m40,Peak) of production curve of sires with higher survival EBV were lower than other sires ( P < 0.05). The estimates of PL were independent of survival estimate. Therefore, the PR from 40th day after calving can be considered as a definition of PL because the lower the PR, the flatter is the milk production curve. Genetic evaluation of young bulls for survival needs the data of death or culling of their daughters. Therefore, the bulls can genetically be evaluated for survival according to the PL and m40,Peak of FL information of their daughters.
Year-round monitoring of Arctic species of sculpin to identify residency and seasonality of movement behavior
Authors: Hermann Nathan T. , Hammer Lars J. , Hussey Nigel E. , Marcoux Marianne , Hedges Kevin J. , Walter Ryan P. , Furey Nathan B. 
Published: August 2023

Environments change across space and time, often requiring organisms to exhibit behavioral responses. In the Arctic, migratory consumers are motivated by spring resources to follow receding ice; however, resident species’ responses to this ephemeral productivity are less well understood. We characterized the movement behaviors of relatively sedentary Arctic species of sculpin ( Myoxocephalus spp.) in Tremblay Sound, Nunavut, Canada. Movements of individuals ( n = 60) captured during the ice-free periods of 2017–2019 were monitored year-round via an array of acoustic telemetry receivers ( n = 37). Telemetry data confirmed year-round residency within the Sound, yet sculpins were consistently more active and wider ranging during the ice-free period versus the ice-covered winters. Sequence analysis revealed distinct patterns of activity differentiated primarily by regional associations. Together, these results indicate sculpins are highly sedentary, but move more during the ice-free season, suggesting the importance of the seasonal productivity pulse to these fishes. As resident species are adapted to exploit the conditions within their local environment, sculpins provide valuable indicator species to monitor coastal and benthic Arctic ecosystems that are experiencing rapid change.