bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separation and quantitative estimation of stereo‐selective enantiomers of montelukast in pharmaceutical drug substance and tablets dosage forms by using stability‐indicating normal phase‐HPLC method
Authors: Vadagam Niroja , Haridasyam Sharath Babu , Venkatanarayana Muvvala , Lakka Narasimha S. , Chinnakadoori Sanjeeva R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMontelukast sodium (MLS) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that relieves asthma, bronchospasm, allergic rhinitis, and urticaria. A simple, robust, and stability‐indicating normal phase high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed to separate and quantitatively estimate the S‐enantiomer of MLS. The chiral separation was achieved using USP L51 packing material along with a mobile phase consisting of a solvent mixture (n‐hexane, ethanol, and propionic acid), a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, a detection wavelength of 284 nm, a column temperature of 30°C and an injection volume of 20 μL. The enantiomers peaks were well separated from the peaks of the placebo, diluting solvent, MLS, and its known impurities with a resolution of more than 2.2 and with no interference. Accuracy and linearity were studied in a range of 0.36–3.597 μg/mL (0.03%–0.30%), with good recoveries between 92.5% and 96.8% and a linear regression coefficient above 0.996. The suggested chiral chromatography method is being considered as an alternative and equivalent method to the United States Pharmacopeia and European Pharmacopeia monographs. The developed method was effectively employed for the study of release and stability samples of MLS. This HPLC method is also capable of separating and estimating the stereo‐selective isomers (R‐ and S‐enantiomers) of sulfoxide impurity of MLS in pharmaceutical medicine.
Numerical coupling of 0D and 1D models in networks of vessels including transonic flow conditions. Application to short‐term transient and stationary hemodynamic simulation of postural changes
Authors: Murillo Javier , García‐Navarro Pilar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen modeling complex fluid networks using one‐dimensional (1D) approaches, boundary conditions can be imposed using zero‐dimensional (0D) models. An application case is the modeling of the entire human circulation using closed‐loop models. These models can be considered as a tool to investigate short‐term transient and stationary hemodynamic responses to postural changes. The first shortcoming of existing 1D modeling methods in simulating these sudden maneuvers is their inability to deal with rapid variations in flow conditions, as they are limited to the subsonic case. On the other hand, numerical modeling of 0D models representing microvascular beds, venous valves or heart chambers is also currently modeled assuming subsonic flow conditions in 1D connecting vessels, failing when transonic and supersonic flow conditions appear. Therefore, if numerical simulation of sudden maneuvers is a goal in closed‐loop models, it is necessary to reformulate the current methodologies used when coupling 0D and 1D models, allowing the correct handling of flow evolution for both subsonic and transonic conditions. This work focuses on the extension of the general methodology for the Junction Riemann Problem (JRP) when coupling 0D and 1D models. As an example of application, the short‐term transient response to head‐up tilt (HUT) from supine to upright position of a closed‐loop model is shown, demonstrating the potential, capability and necessity of the presented numerical models when dealing with sudden maneuvers.
Resonant Fragmentation of the Water Cation by Electron Impact: a Wave‐Packet Study
Authors: Benito‐Gómez Ignacio , Méndez Luis , Suárez Jaime , Gorfinkiel Jimena D. , Rabadán Ismanuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe have investigated the dissociation of a resonant state that can be formed in low energy electron scattering from H2O+. We have chosen the second triplet resonance above the

state of H2O+ whose autoionization mainly produces H2O+ (
). We have considered both dissociation of the resonant state itself, dissociative recombination (DR), or the dissociation of the H2O+ cation after autodetachment, dissociative excitation (DE). The time‐evolution of a wave packet on the potential energy surfaces of the resonance and cationic states shows, for the initial conditions studied, that the probability for DR is about 38 % while the probability for DE is negligible.
Single‐cell landscape analysis reveals systematic senescence in mammalian Down syndrome
Authors: Chen Yao , Xiao Yanyu , Zhang Yanye , Wang Renying , Wang Feixia , Gao Huajing , Liu Yifeng , Zhang Runju , Sun Huiyu , Zhou Ziming , Wang Siwen , Chen Kai , Sun Yixi , Tu Mixue , Li Jingyi , Luo Qiong , Wu Yiqing , Zhu Linling , Huang Yun , Sun Xiao , Guo Guoji , Zhang Dan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDown syndrome (DS), which is characterized by various malfunctions, is the most common chromosomal disorder. As the DS population continues to grow and most of those with DS live beyond puberty, early‐onset health problems have become apparent. However, the cellular landscape and molecular alterations have not been thoroughly studied.MethodsThis study utilized single‐cell resolution techniques to examine DS in humans and mice, spanning seven distinct organs. A total of 71 934 mouse and 98 207 human cells were analyzed to uncover the molecular alterations occurring in different cell types and organs related to DS, specifically starting from the fetal stage. Additionally, SA‐β‐Gal staining, western blot, and histological study were employed to verify the alterations.ResultsIn this study, we firstly established the transcriptomic profile of the mammalian DS, deciphering the cellular map and molecular mechanism. Our analysis indicated that DS cells across various types and organs experienced senescence stresses from as early as the fetal stage. This was marked by elevated SA‐β‐Gal activity, overexpression of cell cycle inhibitors, augmented inflammatory responses, and a loss of cellular identity. Furthermore, we found evidence of mitochondrial disturbance, an increase in ribosomal protein transcription, and heightened apoptosis in fetal DS cells. This investigation also unearthed a regulatory network driven by an HSA21 gene, which leads to genome‐wide expression changes.ConclusionThe findings from this study offer significant insights into the molecular alterations that occur in DS, shedding light on the pathological processes underlying this disorder. These results can potentially guide future research and treatment development for DS.
Racial disparities in surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results review
Authors: Douse Dontre' M. , Yin Linda X. , Olawuni Felicia O. , Glasgow Amy E. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Price Daniel L. , Tasche Kendall K. , Moore Eric J. , Van Abel Kathryn M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesOropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has been rising. This manuscript looks to explore racial disparities in the surgical management of OPSCC.MethodsA cancer database was queried for patients with OPSCC diagnosed from 2004 to 2017. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to evaluate associations between patient race/ethnicity, surgical treatment, and reasons for lack of surgery.Results37 306 (74.3%) patients did not undergo surgery, while 12 901 (25.7%) patients did. Non‐Hispanic black (NHB) patients were less likely to undergo surgery than other races (17.9% vs. 26.5%; p < 0.0001). In clinical discussions, the Asian, Native American, Hawaiian, Pacific Islander (ANAHPI), and unknown race group was more likely to directly refuse surgery when recommended (2.5% vs. 1.5%; p = 0.015).ConclusionRacial differences exist in treatment for OPSCC. NHB patients are less likely to actually undergo surgical management for OPSCC, while other patients are more likely to directly “refuse” surgery outright when offered.
Borotropy: The Mechanism of Boron Transfer Between Adjacent N‐Atoms of Pyrazol‐1‐yl Rings
Authors: Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work examines theoretically the problem of the migration of borane groups between the nitrogen atoms of pyrazolyl rings. We have studied as a model the BH2 pyrazol‐1‐yl derivatives to determine the effects of substituents on the pyrazole ring; also 1‐(9‐borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan‐9‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazoles to compare the calculated barriers with the experimental ones as well as to determine steric effects, i. e., how the buttressing effect increases the rate. The interacting quantum atoms methodology has been used for partitioning the energy of the systems in their stationary points into the contribution of pyrazole and BH2 group and their mutual interaction.
“It's fundamental to the work that we do”: Genetic counselors' perceptions of their role in clients' mental well‐being
Authors: Harris Madeleine , Best Stephanie , de Silva Michelle G. , Finlay Keri 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe role of a genetic counselor is to assist individuals and their families to comprehend and adapt to genetic information. However, a genetic counselor's role in clients' mental well‐being is unclear. Mental well‐being is an important component of overall health and it can be affected during the adaptation to genetic information. It is, therefore, essential to consider how mental well‐being is viewed in genetic counseling practice. Our research aimed to investigate genetic counselors' perceptions of their role in clients' mental well‐being. Our objectives were to (1) understand what genetic counselors perceived their role to be in clients' mental well‐being and (2) investigate what factors influence genetic counselors' perceptions of practice. We recruited participants via advertisements in the Human Genetics Society of Australasia and the Australasian Society of Genetic Counselors newsletters, and through the Genetic Support Network of Victoria social media. We completed semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with 12 Australian genetic counselors and analyzed the interviews using inductive thematic analysis. We found that genetic counselors viewed clients' mental well‐being as an important and crucial part of their practice. Three key themes were identified, first, all the participants' views of clients' mental well‐being were shaped by personal and professional beliefs. Second, all participants noted that there were factors external to them, such as workplace and professional guidelines, which shaped their role in clients' mental well‐being. Third, all those interviewed noted the boundaries of their professional role in clients' mental well‐being. From these three themes, we determined that genetic counselors see clients' mental well‐being as an integral part of their practice. Our findings add to the extant literature and can shape future practice in this field. Furthermore, we identified how future research priorities could further our knowledge in this area.
Long non‐coding RNA PANDAR promoted radiation and cisplatin‐induced DNA damage repair through ATR/CHK1 in NSCLC
Authors: Zhao Songyun , Yu Nanxi , Wang Hang , Wan Zhijie , Diao Chaoyue , Chen Yuanyuan , Liu Tingting , Yang Yanyong , Gao Fu , Bai Chong , Cao Kun , Cai Jianming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDNA‐damaging agents, including radiation and platinum‐based chemotherapy, are indispensable treatments for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, cancer cells tend to be resistant to both radiation and chemotherapy, thus resulting in treatment failure or recurrence. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) PANDAR (promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage‐activated RNA) on NSCLC sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy.MethodsCell counting kit (CCK‐8), colony formation and flow cytometry were respectively performed to determine the cell cycle and apoptosis of NSCLC cells treated with γ‐ray radiation and cisplatin. The extent of DNA damage was evaluated using a comet assay and immunofluorescence staining against γH2AX. In addition, we explored the role of PANDAR in DNA damage response pathways through western blot analysis. Finally, a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model was established to assess the sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy in vivo.ResultsIn cell experiments, PANDAR knockdown can increase the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to radiation and cisplatin. The CCK‐8 results showed that cell viability was significantly increased in the overexpression group after radiation and cisplatin treatments. The overexpression group also showed more colonies, less apoptosis and DNA damage, and G2/M phase arrest was aggravated to provide the time necessary for DNA repair. Contrary to PANDAR overexpression, the trends were reversed in the PANDAR knockdown group. Furthermore, PANDAR knockdown inhibited radiation and cisplatin‐activated phosphorylation levels of ATR and CHK1 in NSCLC cells. Finally, our in vivo model showed that targeting PANDAR significantly sensitized NSCLC to radiation and cisplatin.ConclusionOur study showed that PANDAR knockdown promoted sensitivity to radiation and cisplatin in NSCLC by regulating the ATR/CHK1 pathway, thus providing a novel understanding as well as a therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.In NSCLC cells, lncRNA PANDAR negatively regulates sensitivity to radiation and cisplatin. PANDAR can promote the repair of radiation and cisplatin‐induced DNA damage and activation of the G2/M checkpoint through the ATR/CHK1 pathway. PANDAR knockdown results in defects in DNA damage repair accompanied by more cell apoptosis.
Visible light‐enhanced and degradable SERS substrates based on g‐C3N4/Au NP hybrid structures
Authors: Zhang Menghan , Yin Jiayi , Song Wenlong , Qiu Qinlu , Mao Rongchuan , Yu Yu , Ding Kejian , Wu Songmei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, a visible light‐activated and degradable surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate was fabricated based on graphite carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) and gold nanoparticle (Au NP) hybrid structures. By using porous structure of g‐C3N4 as the support, Au NP arrays can be formed through sputtering of a thin Au film. Typical surface Raman enhancement effect can be observed by using p‐toluenethiol as the probe molecule. Interestingly, it was found that the Raman signal of probe molecules could be enhanced 2.7 times by pre‐illumination of visible light for a short time within 2 min, while the Raman signal decreased significantly about five times with further long‐term irradiation of more than 60 min. The electromagnetic enhancement effect of Au NP array on semiconductor materials with various extinction coefficients was studied by FDTD simulations. Furthermore, a charge transfer enhancement mechanism was proposed based on band structure of g‐C3N4/Au NP hybrid substrate and molecular orbitals. Our experimental and simulation results demonstrated an approach to construct a visible light‐activated SERS substrate with enhancement and degradation properties based on porous organic semiconductors.
Distinctive patterns of soil microbial community during forest ecosystem restoration in southwestern China
Authors: Zuo Youwei , Liu Xiangning , Ma Te , Zeng Yulian , Li Wenqiao , Xia Changying , Zhang Huan , Li Zongfeng , Deng Hongping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMicroorganisms are essential in soil biogeochemical processes and vegetation establishment. Nonetheless, investigating predictable patterns in the microbial structure during forest restoration damaged by natural or human factors in southwestern China is still limited. Hence, the study intended to explore the effects of forest restoration damaged by illegal construction, abandoned mines, and meteorological disasters on the microbial structure and its consequence on ecosystem functioning. The results uncovered that soil and plant attributes in the restoration forests damaged by illegal construction were similar to the natural community. Furthermore, the alpha diversity indexes were higher in the restoration forests damaged by human factors than in the natural community. Co‐occurrence network analysis identified hub bacterial (e.g., Roseiarcus and Comamonas) and fungal (e.g., Exophiala and Botryotrichum) taxa, proving densely connected interactions with other microorganisms. Restoration forests damaged by illegal construction harbored beneficial genera belonging to Proteobacteria (Nordella, Xanthobacteraceae, and Sphingomonas) and Basidiomycota (Panaeolus, Psilocybe, and Sebacina), whereas restoration forests damaged by abandoned mines presented specialized bacteria involved in dark sulfur oxidation and ureolysis. Correlation analysis showed that soil properties, especially water content and pH, were the dominant factors affecting the microbial communities. Tree and shrub alpha diversities were significantly related to Chloroflexi in the natural community, and herbaceous richness was remarkably related to Proteobacteria and Mortierellomycota in the restoration forest damaged by human factors. Collectively, this comprehensive analysis generates novel insights to explore the contrasting responses of microbial communities during the process of restoration and provides essential microbial indicators for habitat restoration in southwestern China.
A meta‐analysis on the psychological and behavioral consequences of nostalgia: The moderating roles of nostalgia activators, culture, and individual characteristics
Authors: Santini Fernando de Oliveira , Lim Weng Marc , Ladeira Wagner J. , Costa Pinto Diego , Herter Márcia M. , Rasul Tareq 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile previous research suggests that nostalgia can stimulate future‐oriented motivation and goal pursuit, the presence of conflicting findings complicate our understanding of the psychological and behavioral consequences of nostalgia. This study introduces and empirically validates a theoretical framework for nostalgia through a meta‐analysis of 90 effect sizes and 9757 aggregate samples from 22 experimental studies. Our findings enrich understanding of the effects of nostalgia, showing that compared to a control, nostalgia enhances consumers' sense of pleasantness, self‐continuity, attitudes, and behavioral intentions. We also identify several moderators that shape the effects of nostalgia, namely nostalgia activators, culture, and individual characteristics. Intriguingly, stronger behavioral intentions manifest in response to nostalgic events (rather than objects), realistic (over nonrealistic) scenarios, visual (as opposed to textual) priming, and female‐majority (vs. male‐majority) samples. However, we observe that long‐term (vs. short‐term) oriented cultures exhibit diminished nostalgia effects. Furthermore, we find no significant variations in responses based on age (older vs. younger), type of nostalgic experience (personal vs. collective), and sample type (students vs. nonstudents). Collectively, our meta‐analysis reveals the intricate dynamics of nostalgia, emphasizing its profound impact on consumer behavior as shaped by moderators such as nostalgia activators, culture, and individual characteristics, thereby providing a multifaceted and nuanced understanding of nostalgia.
Macromolecular Architecture‐Dependent Polymorphous Crystallization Behavior of PVDF in the PVDF/γ‐BL System via Thermally Induced Phase Separation
Authors: Gaßdorf Florian , Fan Zengxuan , Schwaderer Jan , Beuermann Sabine , Wilhelm René , Weber Alfred P. , Fischlschweiger Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of the macromolecular architecture of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) on its thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) behavior and polymorphic crystallization in the PVDF/γ‐butyrolactone (PVDF/γ‐BL) system. Preparative PVDF fractions with specific macromolecular architecture and phase constitution are generated. The results show that PVDF's macromolecular architecture, particularly the degree of branching and regio‐defects, plays a significant role in its temperature‐dependent crystallization and resulting polymorphic phases. While regio‐defects dominate crystallization in the temperature range between 30 and 25 °C, the degree of branching becomes decisive in the 25–20 °C interval. The developed fractions of PVDF are further analyzed in terms of their molecular weight distribution, revealing that the PVDF fractions crystallized out of solution have similar molecular weight distributions with lower dispersity compared with the feed polymer. These findings are crucial for macromolecular separation and adjustment of PVDF polymorphic properties and hence for the development of tailor‐made PVDF matrix materials for composites and membranes. The findings suggest the possibility of polymorphous phase tailoring of PVDF based on macromolecular architecture due to temperature‐controlled crystallization out of solution and strongly motivate further research to reveal deeper knowledge of regio‐defect and branching influence of PVDF solution crystallization.
Mid‐upper arm circumference in hospitalized pediatric patients with cancer: Is there an association with malnutrition?
Authors: Pedro Jéssica , Martucci Renata , Monteiro Gina , Saraiva Danúbia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition is common in children/adolescents with cancer. Mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) is recommended by the International Society of Pediatric Oncology for measuring nutrition status. The aim was to evaluate the nutrition status of pediatric patients with cancer and verify whether MUAC is associated with malnutrition and length of stay (LOS).MethodsThis was an observational study of patients aged 0–19 years with solid and hematological neoplasms. Data included anthropometric measurements of nutrition status by body mass index/age (BMI/A), weight/age, weight/height, height/age, MUAC, mid‐arm muscle circumference, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), and biochemical measurements of characterizing inflammation (serum prealbumin level, serum albumin level, and C‐reactive protein [CRP]). Statistical tests such as the Student t test, Mann‐Whitney test, and Spearman correlation were employed to analyze the data. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.ResultsOf 111 patients, 51.7% (n = 57) were male, and solid tumors were prevalent (76.6%, n = 85). The median age was 8.5 years. The anthropometric measurements of the arm revealed a higher prevalence of malnutrition when compared with anthropometric indices. According to the Spearman correlation, a high and positive correlation was observed between MUAC and BMI/A (ρ = 0.800 and P < 0.001). There was an association between MUAC, TSF, and high CRP with LOS (P = 0.025, P = 0.003, and P < 0.001, respectively). Patients with a MUAC (less than the fifth percentile) had almost 2.73 times the chance of having a prolonged LOS.ConclusionMUAC was a good parameter for the classification of nutrition status and the assessment of LOS in pediatric patients with cancer.