bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vortex Force Decomposition - Forces Associated with Individual Elements of a Vorticity Field
Authors: Gehlert Pascal , Andreu-Angulo Ignacio , Babinsky Holger 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The impulse theory used to calculate the force from a vorticity distribution in two-dimensional, incompressible flow, is re-cast with the aim of approximating, to a first order, the forces generated by a specific flow feature, such as a free vortex passing by an object. To achieve this, the force acting on the body is split up into several core contributions. The first component arises from the time variation of the body's boundary layer. The second is generated by the advection of any free vorticity located in the flowfield by the object's boundary layer vorticity. The final force contribution is due to new vorticity being shed. To test the theory, it is applied to two multi-body flowfields consisting of a circular cylinder and a flat plate wing at incidence in close proximity. Force balance measurements and planar particle image velocimetry data are simultaneously obtained at Reynolds numbers of 10 000 and 20 000. The forces acting on the cylinder are successfully recovered from the vorticity data using the derived formulation, verifying its accuracy. Subsequently, the proposed force formulation is used to create force heat maps that demonstrate how the location of a leading edge vortex affects its force contribution around a pitching NACA-0021 wing translating at a Reynolds number of 10 000.
Effects of wavelength on vortex structure and turbulence kinetic energy transfer of flow over undulated cylinders
Authors: Lyons Kathleen , Cal Raúl Bayoán , Franck Jennifer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Passive flow control research is commonly utilized to provide desirable drag and oscillating lift reduction across a range of engineering applications. This research explores the spanwise undulated cylinder inspired by seal whiskers, shown to reduce lift and drag forces when compared to smooth cylinders. Although the fluid flow over this unique complex geometry has been documented experimentally and computationally, investigations surrounding geometric modifications to the undulation topography have been limited, and fluid mechanisms by which force reduction is induced have not been fully examined. Five undulation wavelength variations of the undulated cylinder model are simulated at Reynolds number Re=250 and compared with results from a smooth elliptical cylinder. Vortex structures and turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) transfer in the wake are analyzed to explain how undulation wavelength affects force reduction. Modifications to the undulation wavelength generate a variety of flow patterns including alternating vortex rollers and hairpin vortices. Maximum force reduction is observed at wavelengths that are large enough to allow hairpin vortices to develop without intersecting each other and small enough to prevent the generation of additional alternating flow structures. The differences in flow structures modify the magnitude and location of TKE production and dissipation due to changes in mean and fluctuating strain. Decreased TKE production and increased dissipation in the near wake result in overall lower TKE and reduced body forces. Understanding the flow physics linking geometry to force reduction will guide appropriate parameter selection in bio-inspired design applications.
Construction of multiple concentration gradients for single-cell level drug screening
Authors: Shen Shaofei , Zhang Fangjuan , Zhang Yali , Li Yi , Niu Yanbing , Pang Long , Wang Jinyi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Isolation and manipulation of single cells play a crucial role in drug screening. However, previously reported single-cell drug screening lacks multiple-dose concentration gradient studies, which will limit the ability to accurately predict drug performance. To solve this problem, we constructed a multi-concentration gradient generator, in which a Tai Chi-spiral mixer can accelerate the mixing of solution in a short time and then produce a linear concentration gradient. Later, a gradient generator combined with a single-cell capture array was adopted to investigate the effects of single or combined doses of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin on HepG2 and MCF-7 cells at the single-cell level. The results showed that both drugs were effective in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, and the combination was more effective for HepG2 cells. In addition, the relationship between biomechanical heterogeneity (e.g., deformability and size) of tumor cells and potential drug resistance at single-cell level was investigated, indicating that small and/or deformable cells were more resistant than large and/or less deformable cells. The device provides a simple and reliable platform for studying the optimal dosage of different drug candidates at the single-cell level and effectively screening single-agent chemotherapy regimens and combination therapies.
Outpatient anti-spike monoclonal antibody administration is associated with decreased morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer and COVID-19
Authors: Arvanitis Panos , Lerner Alexis Hope , Vieira Kendra , Almaghlouth Nouf , Farmakiotis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Patients with cancer have many comorbidities that increase their risk of death from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Anti-spike monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reduce the risk of hospitalization or death from COVID-19 in the general population. To our knowledge, no studies have focused on the clinical efficacy of mAbs compared to no outpatient treatment exclusively among patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, who are often excluded from clinical trials.
Methods: We studied patients with cancer who had COVID-19 between 11.9.2020 and 7.21.2022 and received mAbs in an outpatient setting. We compared hospitalization and mortality rates to those of patients with cancer concurrently diagnosed with COVID-19, who were eligible for mAbs, but did not receive any outpatient treatment.
Results: 63 patients received mAbs and 89 no outpatient treatment. Administration of mAbs was associated with lower 90-day hospitalization (20.6% vs. 60.7%, p<0.001), all-cause (6.3% vs. 19.1%, p=0.025) and COVID-19-attributed (3.2% vs. 14.6%, p=0.019) mortality rates, and lower peak O2 requirements (ordinal Odds Ratio [OR]=0.33, 95%Confidence Intervals [CI]=0.20-0.53). Administration of mAbs (aHR 0.21, p<0.001), age (≥ 60 years, adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] 1.86, p=0.033), and metastases (aHR 0.41, p=0.007) were independently associated with hospitalization. mAb treatment remained significantly associated with all-cause (aHR 0.27, p=0.019) and COVID-19-attributed (aHR 0.19, p=0.031) mortality, after adjustment for other factors.
Conclusions: mAb administration was associated with improved clinical outcomes among vulnerable patients with cancer and COVID-19. With no mAbs approved currently for treatment against the prevalent circulating variants, the development of new mAbs should be a research priority.
Estimation of Depth, Physical Parameters, and Location using Nonlinear Inverse Modeling of Magnetic Data by Bhattacharya Method in a field of NW Iran
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Aliakbar , Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Kianoush Pooria , Naderi Asghar , Afzal Peyman , Ebrahimabadi Arash 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Geophysical studies are utilized as one of the main steps in exploration that must be performed before exploratory drilling due to the high cost of excavation and its related heavy machinery and reduction of the exploration cost. One of the most critical geophysical issues in estimating the physical and geometric parameters is the store carrying out using the residual magnetic anomaly reduction. These parameters include depth, volume, shape factor, and type of storage. The present geophysical study aims to prepare and model magnetic data for proposed drilling sites in the Baba Ali Iron ore deposit in the Hamedan province of Iran. Inverse modeling is one of the most efficient interpretive methods of potential field data. In this study, the Bhattacharya method in MATLAB software is used to minimize the target function and potential field data to create the best fit for magnetic data. In this modeling, the graphs of the residual anomaly and model showed an excellent conformation two-dimensionally. Also, 3D modeling reconstructs the properties of the productive resources of anomalies correctly. After preparation of total magnetic maps, it was found out that the magnetic lens in four anomalies with surface depths of 20, 50, and 50 meters is estimated for this zone. Their specific gravity was 4.77 t / m3, and their initial storage capacity was 95,400 tones at most. Also, exploratory excavation is proposed to complete the preliminary explorations of the specified region by inverse modeling for the three points.
Sentiment analysis on Twitter data towards climate action
Authors: Rosenberg Emelie , Tarazona Carlota , Mallor Fermín , Eivazi Hamidreza , Pastor-Escuredo David , Fuso-Nerini Francesco , Vinuesa Ricardo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Understanding the progress of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the United Nations (UN) is important, but difficult. In particular, policymakers would need to understand the sentiment within the public regarding challenges associated with climate change. With this in mind and the rise of social media, this work focuses on the task of uncovering the sentiment of Twitter users concerning climate-related issues. This is done by applying modern natural-language-processing (NLP) methods, i.e. VADER, TextBlob, and BERT, to estimate the sentiment of a gathered dataset based on climate-change keywords. A transfer-learning-based model applied to a pre-trained BERT model for embedding and tokenizing with logistic regression for sentiment classification outperformed the rule-based methods VADER and TextBlob; based on our analysis, the proposed approach led to the highest accuracy: 69%. The collected data contained significant noise, especially from the keyword ’energy’. Consequently, using more specific keywords would improve the results. The use of other methods, like BERTweet, would also increase the accuracy of the model. The overall sentiment in the analyzed data was positive. The distribution of the positive, neutral and negative sentiments were very similar in the different SDGs.
Minimizing heating generation in quantum dot LEDs by increasing quasi-Fermi level splitting
Authors: Gao Yan , Li Bo , Liu Jiaonan , Shen Huaibin , Song Yang , Song Jiaojiao , Yan Zhijie , Yan Xiaohan , Chong Yihua , Yao Ruyun , Wang Shujie , Li Lin Song , Fan Fengjia , Du Zuliang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Minimizing heat accumulation is essential to prolong quantum dot LEDs' operational lifetime. Reducing heat generation at the source is the ideal solution because quantum dot LEDs are composed of low thermal conductivity materials which limits heat dissipation. Achieving high brightness and high quantum efficiency at low driving voltage are the keys to realizing this goal. In this work, we propose to enhance the brightness of quantum dot LEDs at low driving voltages by using a monolayer of large quantum dots to reduce the packing number in the emitting layer. This strategy allows us to achieve a higher charge population per quantum dot for a given number of total charges without charge leakage, enabling enhanced quasi-Fermi level splitting and brightness at low driving voltage. Thanks to the minimized heat generation, these LEDs show a record high power conversion efficiency of 23% and an unprecedented T95 operation lifetime (the time for the luminance to decrease to 95% of the initial value) of more than 48,000 h at 1,000 cd m-2. The underline mechanism – enhanced quasi-Fermi level splitting enables high brightness at low driving voltage - was confirmed by our latest electrically excited transient absorption spectroscopy.
Causal Associations Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhao Jiaxi , Li Kaixin , Liao Xiaoyang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was reported to be associated with hepatobiliary disease. Previous observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies suggested a causal association between IBD and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). However, it is unclear whether IBD has causal association with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC): another autoimmune liver disease.
Methods
We obtained genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics from published GWASs for PBC, UC and CD. We screened qualified instrumental variables (IVs) based on the three major assumptions of MR. To determine the causal relationship between UC or CD and PBC, two-sample MR analyses were performed using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median (WM) methods, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the robustness of the results. We also conducted reverse MR analysis to reveal the causal association between PBC and UC or CD.
Results
UC were associated with a higher risk of PBC (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.05–1.73, P = 0.02) in IVW method. And CD was associated with an increased risk of PBC (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03–1.36, P = 0.02) in IVW method. The weighted median and MR-Egger regression of both diseases showed a consistent direction but not statistically significant. Results of reverse MR analysis did not suggest genetic susceptibility to psoriasis was associated with increased risk of UC (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95–1.17, P = 0.34) or CD (OR = 1.1, 95% CI: 0.99–1.20, P = 0.06).
Conclusion
The present study revealed that IBD subtypes could increase the incidence of PBC, but in turn PBC did not increase the incidence of IBD subtypes. Understanding that IBD and PBC constitute mutual risk factors can help with clinical management of both diseases.
Whole Genome Analysis and Cold Adaptation Strategy of Pseudomonas fluorescens W-6 Isolated from Napahai Plateau Wetland
Authors: Xiong Lingling , Li Yanmei , Yu Hang , Wei Yunlin , Li Haiyan , Ji Xiuling 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Genome of Pseudomonas fluorescens W-6, a cold-adapted bacterium isolated from Napahai plateau wetland was sequenced and analyzed. W-6 genome length was 6,109,123 bp with G + C content 59.79%. Gene prediction yielded 5,464 protein coding sequences, 70 tRNAs, 24 gene islands and 2 CRISPR sequences. The isolate was found to contain evidence of horizontal gene transfer events during its evolution. Two prophages were predicted and indicated that W-6 was a lysogen. The cold adaptation of W-6 strain showed psychrophilic rather than psychrotrophic characteristics. Cold-adapted bacterium W-6 had glycogen and trehalose metabolism pathways associated with carbohydrate active enzyme, and it utilized they as sources of energy to adapt and survive in low temperature environment. In addition, the cold-adapted mechanisms of W-6 included membrane fluidity by changing unsaturated fatty acid profile, the two-component regulatory systems, anti-sense transcription, the role played by rpsU genes in the translation process etc. The genome-wide analysis of W-6 provides us with a deeper understanding of the cold-adapted environment. The adaptive mechanism of psychrophilic W-6 strain for survival in cold environment was elucidated, which provides a strong basis for further study on host-phage coevolution.
RPA coupled with cas12a as a simple, accurate and rapid method for diagnosing rickettsia in dogs
Authors: Paenkaew Suphaporn , Jaito Nongluck , Pradit Waranee , Chomdej Siriwadee , Nganvongpanit Korakot , Siengdee Puntita , Buddhachat Kittisak 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Rickettsial pathogens including Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys are bacteria that cause parasitic infections in dogs such as canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) and canine cyclic thrombocytopenia (CCT), respectively affecting mortality and morbidity worldwide. An accurate, sensitive, and rapid method to diagnose these agents is essential for effective treatment. In this study, a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) coupled with CRISPR-Cas12a methods was established to detect E. canis and A. platys infection in dogs based on the 16S rRNA. The optimal condition for DNA amplification by RPA was 37°C for 20 min, followed by CRISPR-Cas12a digestion at 37°C for one hour. RPA coupled with cas12a detection showed no cross-reaction with other parasites, and offered high sensitivity, with a limit of detection at 102 copy numbers of both E. canis and A. platys 1,000 and 100 times higher than agarose gel electrophoresis detection, respectively. The RPA-assisted cas12a assay provides specific, sensitive, rapid, simple, and appropriate detection of rickettsia in canine blood at the point-of-care for diagnostics, disease prevention, and surveillance.
Mechanisms of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal lncRNA GAS5 in alleviating EMT of HPMCs via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Yuling , Fan Yi , Yang Lina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal mechanisms of exosomal lncRNA GAS5 derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) under high glucose (HG) conditions. HPMCs were stimulated with 2.5% glucose. The effects on EMT of HPMCs were observed by using an hUC-MSC conditioned medium (hUC-MSC-CM) and extracted exosomes. Four groups were established: ① control group,②HG group (2.5% glucose), ③conditioned medium (CM) group (2.5% glucose and 7.5% MSC-CM), and ④ exosome group (2.5% glucose and exosomes extracted from 7.5% MSC-CM), all treated for 48 h. After hUC-MSCs were transfected with GAS5 siRNA, exosomes were extracted to act on HPMCs. Western blot assay and real-time PCR were used to detect expressions of EMT markers, PTEN and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HPMCs. Based on the real-time PCR, the changes in levels of expression of lncRNA GAS5 and miR-21 were detected. We found that HG could induce the EMT of HPMCs. Compared with the HG group, the hUC-MSC-CM could alleviate EMT of HPMCs induced by HG through exosomes. Exosomes in the hUC-MSC-CM entered HPMCs, by transferring lncRNA GAS5 to HPMCs, which down-regulates miR-21 and up-regulates PTEN, thus finally alleviating EMT of HPMCs. Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays an essential role in alleviating EMT of HPMCs by exosomes in the hUC-MSC-CM. By transferring lncRNA GAS5 to HPMCs, exosomes derived from hUC-MSCs may competitively bind to miR-21 to regulate suppression on target PTEN genes and alleviate EMT of HPMCs through Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Algorithm Selection Using Edge ML and Case-based Reasoning
Authors: Ali Rahman , Zada Muhammad Sadiq Hassan , Khatak Asad Masood , Hussain Jamil 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In practical data mining applications area, classification and predictions are the most commonly and frequently used applications which involves intelligent classification methods and algorithms. In machine learning, a large number of classification algorithms are available which take the responsibility of classifying unforeseen data in classification problems and predicts future outcomes. However, the task of selecting a right classification algorithm to produce best results is a challenging issue both for machine learning practitioners and machine learning experts. The reason is the inherit characteristics of classification problems and unpredicted behaviors of the classifiers on these problems. Furthermore, building intelligent ML algorithm recommender over large and complex datasets by extracting their meta-features using conventional computational framework is computationally and timely expensive task. Hence, investigation and mapping of the unseen characteristics of classification problems with the behaviors of classifiers is a key research problem focused in this research work. The characteristics of classification problems and behaviors of classifiers are measured in terms of meta-characteristics and classifiers performance, respectively. Machine learning research community has addressed the issue from time-to-time with various approaches, however the issues of – unavailability of training data, use of uni-metric evaluation criteria for classifiers evaluation, and selection of conflicting classifiers sill persist. Therefore, this research work has proposed a novel methodology based on edge ML and case-based reasoning (CBR) to overcome the aforementioned issues. The key contributions of the research work are enlisted as follows: (a) design of an incremental learning framework using edge ML-based CBR methodology, (b) design of a multi-metrics classifiers evaluation criteria, (c) design of an efficient algorithm conflict resolution criteria (ACR) and (d) implementation of the CBR methodology integrated with ACR to automatically select appropriate algorithm for new classification problems. To evaluate the proposed CBR-based algorithm recommendation method, jCollobri framework has been used and extensive experiments with 152 classification problems, in the form of classification datasets, and 09 decision tree classifiers are carried out. Results of the proposed multi-metrics performance criteria indicates that the proposed CBR-based methodology is an effective one as compared to the baseline classifier recommendation method and can be used in practical applications development classification and prediction problems.
Does corporate tax avoidance change as a result of the bilateral matching between incubators and incubated enterprises?- A mediating impact based on budgetary restrictions
Authors: Wen Lei , Zhang Shuhui , Li Lejiao , Tian Jin , Chen Jiajia , Wu Xueqin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Incubators play a significant role in fostering the healthy and long-term growth of entrepreneurial firms since they serve as the "policy umbrella" for business owners. This study examines the effects of "incubator-incubated enterprises" bilateral matching on corporate tax evasion and explores the mediating role of financial restrictions using the companies listed on China's National Equities Exchange and Quotations from 2015 to 2019 as the research sample. The findings indicate that there is less corporate tax evasion the higher the degree of "incubators and incubated enterprises" matching. The "incubator-incubated enterprises" bilateral matching reduces the degree of corporate tax avoidance by alleviating financial constraints. After further testing the moderating effect of R&D investment and the heterogeneous impact of incubator types, we find that the inhibitory effect of "incubator-incubated enterprises" bilateral matching on corporate tax avoidance is more significant in entrepreneurial enterprises with higher R&D investment and in comprehensive incubators. The research conclusions of this paper provide a reference for government departments to promote the construction of incubator industry, improve the overall efficiency of incubation market, and standardize the tax payment behavior of entrepreneurial enterprises.