bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of pyrolysis temperature on physicochemical properties of carbon nitride photocatalyst
Authors: Kamble Gopichand , Ganai Abdul Majeed , Lakshmi Devatade Vijaya , Rao N Nageswara , Rajarikam Nagaraju , Rao Pallapothula Venkateswar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Polymeric carbon nitride (CN) materials are exigent in a wide variety of photocatalytic applications. Although CN has unique optoelectronic properties, poor surface area and limited light absorption are major bottlenecks in the exploration of CN photocatalysts. In this study, we present a facile template or patterning agent free route to high surface area CN scaffolds by varying the thermal pyrolysis temperature. As the pyrolysis temperature increased from 550 °C to 700 °C, a drastic improvement in visible light absorbance as well as surface area was noted. The photoactivity of the prepared material evaluated for visible-light induced dye degradation demonstrated that the pyrolysis temperature of CN governs its photocatalytic performance. A pyrolysis temperature of 680 °C was found to be sub-optimal to realize better optoelectronic properties. As prepared, high surface area materials were also used for low-pressure CO2 uptake studies, which again supplemented the excellent results for high temperature processed CN. Besides, the photoluminescence and electrochemical analysis indicate that high temperature pyrolysis significantly reduces charge carrier recombination of CN catalysts.
Electrochemical etching modes of 4H-SiC in KOH solutions
Authors: Yang Shangyu , Zhao Siqi , Chen Junhong , Li Yunkai , Yan Guoguo , Guan Min , Zhang Yang , Sun Guosheng , Zeng Yiping , Liu Xingfang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Electrochemical etching is a promising wet etching technology for preparing porous structures and the flat surface etching of 4H-SiC. In this study, the effects of current density and KOH concentration on the etching of 4H-SiC were investigated. We found that the respective mechanisms for preparing porous structures and flat surface etching differed. The porous and flat etching modes were proposed to clarify the mechanistic differences. In addition, we achieved an etch rate of 1 μm h−1 in flat etching mode, and the sample surface was improved for 4H-SiC applications in the field of optoelectronics and microelectronics through the thermal oxidation of SiC.
Performance-based model-free adaptive finite-time control for shape memory alloy actuated swing platform
Authors: Liu Hongshuai , Xiao Jichun , Cheng Qiang , Hao Lina , Gao Haoze 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Shape memory alloy (SMA), a kind of smart material, can be used as an actuator in many fields; however, its strong nonlinearity and parameter uncertainty hinders its application in high-tracking accuracy tasks. This paper addresses the tracking control problem of the SMA actuated swing platform suffering from completely unknown nonlinear model information and prescribed finite-time error constraints. First, the equivalent dynamic linearization model of the swing platform is established, and the unknown disturbance is estimated and compensated by the extended state observer. Meanwhile, a novel discrete-time performance function is proposed, and the prescribed finite-time tracking error constraints are transformed into a new equivalent unconstrained task. Second, the model-free adaptive sliding mode controller is designed using the unconstrained error, and the complete control law, including sliding mode control law and equivalent control law, is derived. Third, the stability of the closed-up swing platform is guaranteed by employing the Lyapunov method. Finally, experiments reveal that the proposed method is preferable.
Development and assessment of simplified analytical method for current distribution among REBa2Cu3O
y
parallel conductors in armature windings for fully superconducting rotating machines
Authors: Miura S , Kobun A , Masuda Y , Miyazaki H , Kawagoe A , Sasa H , Yoshida K , Sato S , Iwakuma M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Fully superconducting rotating machines employing REBa2Cu3O
y
(REBCO, RE = rare earth elements or Y) superconducting armature and field coils, are particularly interesting for aircraft applications, owing to their high output power density (kW kg−1). To achieve high current capability in superconducting coils, we have proposed a cabling design for transposed multi-strand parallel conductors. In the parallel conductor design, the REBCO strands are insulated from each other, except for both terminal ends, and transposed during the winding process to achieve uniform current distribution by cancellation of interlinkage magnetic flux between the strands. In this study, a simplified analytical method considering inductances was developed based on Laplace’s equation in cylindrical coordinates to roughly calculate the current distributions of multi-strands under armature coil conditions. The validity of the analytical method was investigated through current distribution measurements of the sample coils wound with two-strand parallel conductors. Consequently, the analytical method was validated with approximately 10% deviation under the experimental coil conditions. To establish a more accurate analysis method, certain improvements are needed.
Effects of resistivity and viscosity on dynamic evolution and radial position change of m/n = 3/1 double tearing mode
Authors: Lu X.Q. , Guo W. , Ma Z.W. , Zhang H.W. , Guo W.F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The effects of the plasma resistivity and viscosity on the dynamic evolution of the m/n = 3/1 double tearing mode (DTM) are studied and analyzed quantitatively using the CLT (Ci-Liu-Ti, which means magnetohydrodynamics in Chinese) code. In this work, we mainly focus on the change in the radial positions and the oscillatory dynamics of the magnetic islands grown on the two rational surfaces. We conduct a systematic investigation on the effect of viscosity on the DTM dynamics, which has rarely been studied before. From the results of the study, it is observed that the time required for entering the explosive phase decreases with decreasing viscosity. In the nonlinear phase, the kinetic energy exhibits an oscillatory behavior due to the magnetic flux injection and magnetic reconnection, and the oscillation amplitude is suppressed for a large viscosity due to dissipation. The effects of the plasma resistivity and viscosity on the change in the radial positions of magnetic islands are systematically explained. The change in the radial positions of magnetic islands occurs in an abrupt growth phase before the kinetic energy reaches its maximum value. Multiple position changes take place with a relatively higher reconnection rate and magnetic flux injection at low viscosity damping. A large range of radial vortices formed as a result of the change in the positions may have a positive effect on the transport.
Energy and particle balance during plasma detachment in a long-leg divertor configuration
Authors: Masline R. , Krasheninnikov S.I. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Comprehensive studies of energy and particle balances in the transition to plasma detachment in an alternative divertor configuration with long outer legs are shown. Numerical simulations are performed with the 2D code suite SOLPS 4.3, using a disconnected double null grid with narrow, tightly baffled long poloidal leg divertors at the outer lower target and outer upper target. A particle count scan is performed using the ‘closed gas box’ model, where the tunable parameter in the simulations is the total number of deuterium particles in the simulation space and all other parameters are held fixed, including a constant input power and trace neon impurity radiation, to assess the physics of the transition to detachment in the system as the particle count increases. Three main aspects of the physics of divertor detachment are addressed: the criteria for the local onset of divertor detachment in each of the divertors, the distribution of heat flux and other plasma parameters between the four divertors as each divertor transitions to detachment, and the role of perpendicular transport in the transition to the detached regime. A synergistic mechanism by which the cross-field transport is reduced by factors associated with the onset of plasma recombination effects is identified. These results are compared to the existing understanding of the physics of the transition to plasma detachment in standard divertors.
Willingness to cooperate in shared natural resource management is linked to group identification through perceived efficacy and group norms
Authors: Rabinovich Anna , Walker Lindsay , Gohil Deepali , Njagi Tim , Currie Thomas E 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cooperative management of shared natural resources is one of the most urgent challenges the world is facing today. While there have been advances in understanding institutional design features that enable sustainable management, there are few field studies that provide theory-based insights into social psychological predictors of willingness to cooperate around shared resources. Here, we address this issue in the context of shared land management in pastoralist community conservancies in Kenya. In a large survey of individuals from different conservancies, we test a path model that links willingness to cooperate to how strongly respondents identified with their conservancy. This relationship is mediated by how efficient conservancies were perceived to be, and to what extent other people in the community were perceived to share cooperative norms. The results also point towards several parameters that may be conducive to developing stronger conservancy identification: transparency of purpose, motive alignment, sense of ownership, and demonstrating benefit. The findings provide insights into the social psychological processes that impact whether cooperative outcomes can be achieved in real-world shared resource settings, and offer practical implications for strengthening governance within pastoralist conservancies and related shared natural resource management contexts.
Reply to the Comment on ‘The operational foundations of PT-symmetric and quasi-Hermitian quantum theory’
Authors: Alase Abhijeet , Karuvade Salini , Maria Scandolo Carlo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This document is our reply to the Comment (Miloslav Znojil 2023 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
56 038001) on our recent work titled ‘The operational foundations of PT-symmetric and quasi-Hermitian quantum theory’. The original Comment consists of three addenda to our work. The first addendum claims that our work is ill-motivated as the motivating question, namely whether PT-symmetric quantum theory extends the standard quantum theory, was already answered in the literature. The second addendum points to some missing references in our work, and the third addendum suggests what constraints could lead to an extension of standard quantum theory. In our reply, we explain that the claim in the first addendum is a result of a misinterpretation of our motivating question. When interpreted correctly, the third addendum in the Comment in itself elaborates on why our motivating question is interesting and relevant. We also briefly comment on the prospects of an extension of standard quantum theory along the lines suggested in the third addendum. As our response to the second addendum, we explain our rationale behind citing certain references while leaving out others.
The silver paste containing ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass sintered at high temperature with low solid content formed high performance conductive thick film on MgTiO3 microwave ceramics
Authors: Liu Yun Chuan , Zhang Li Ying , Yu Xiang Lei , Li Wei Chao , Li Jun Peng , Gan Guo You 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A high-temperature conductive silver slurry containing lead-free ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass for metallization of ceramic MgTiO3 substrate has been prepared. The ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass was obtained by high-temperature melting and cold extraction with a transition temperature (Tg) of 579 °C and thermal stability (∆T) of 105 °C as an inorganic bonding phase of high-temperature conductive silver paste. Then, silver paste with different glass powder content was sintered on ceramic MgTiO3 substrate between 730 °C and 930 °C in increments of 50 °C. Characterization of the prepared materials revealed that their resistivity increases with the increase in glass powder content and decreases with the increase in sintering temperature. Sintering temperature and glass content have significant effects on the resistivity and adhesion of the thick silver film. When the silver paste with a glass content of 1.1 wt% was sintered at 830 °C for 10 min, the resulting thick silver film had a low resistivity of 1.81 μΩ·cm (1.65 μΩ·cm for silver) and a good adhesive strength of 39.4 N mm−2. During the sintering process, the glass material melts and wets the silver powder, which promotes the sintering of the silver powder to form a dense network structure and improves the electrical conductivity of the silver film. In addition, the formation of ZnTiO3 by chemical reactions between the glass and the substrate was observed, which dramatically improved the bonding strength of the silver film. Therefore, lead-free silver paste containing ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass powder and MgTiO3 ceramics has broad development prospects in ceramic filters.
A new purification method for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and its application as vulcanization accelerator
Authors: Shen Yuhong , Jing Xianhong , Mu Xueliang , Dou Jinpeng , Zhang Qingwei , Zhang Yidong , Liu Yanjun , Li Zhenqiu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, a new purification method for 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and its application as a vulcanization accelerator was reported, and the properties of MBT samples were comprehensively investigated. According to the chemical equation of this purified reaction, the byproduct of the CO2 method was easy to treat. Results showed that the melting point and yield of experimental CAMBT samples were increased to 173.6 °C and 93.11%, respectively. The chemical structure and crystal absorption peak of all MBT samples were also measured by the FTIR and XRD analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the residue of resin in MBT samples. Element content confirmed the existence of C, N, H, and S elements, and there were no other elements in the products. What is more important, the mechanical properties of experimental CDMBT@NR and SAMBT@NR samples were better than that of UMBT@NR. Thus, this paper offers a new purification method for MBT and investigates its application as a vulcanization accelerator.
Recent developments in the preparation and assembly of two-dimensional plate materials in Langmuir–Blodgett films: a review
Authors: Zhao Tianyue , Wang Ran , Li Lin , Jiao Tifeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) plate materials have become the most attractive class of candidate materials for a wide range of potential applications due to their unique structural characteristics and physicochemical properties. Starting from graphene, 2D plate materials have become a large family with many members and diverse categories. Especially in recent years, we have made some significant breakthroughs in the field of 2D materials. Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) technology is an advanced technology for preparing ultrathin films with highly ordered molecules by using its unique dynamic interface in the preparation process, which can effectively control and adjust the film material with layered nanostructures. With the advancement of LB technology, different thin film materials need to be prepared to realize various functions. This paper summarizes the research progress and future perspectives of LB technology based on 2D materials.
Data-driven prediction of the performance of enhanced surfaces from an extensive CFD-generated parametric search space
Authors: Larrañaga A , Brunton S L , Martínez J , Chapela S , Porteiro J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Machine learning has rapidly been adopted in virtually all areas of engineering in recent years. This paper develops a machine learning model capable of predicting the performance of parametrically generated enhanced microsurface geometries for cooling electronic and power systems. Designing this type of geometry usually involves expensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, limiting the number of candidate geometries that may be tested. For this reason, when searching for new geometries for a given application, designs are usually restricted to a simplified subset of basic shapes to reduce the complexity and dimension of the search space. In an effort to add geometrical diversity and explore singular morphologies, we have developed an algorithm capable of characterizing almost any geometry, based on an extensive CFD database with more than 15 800 geometries obtained from a Monte Carlo sampling of the space of possible geometries. With this framework, it is possible to estimate various quantities of interest, such as the heat flux in the enhanced zone and total drag, with relative errors below 10% and 2%, respectively. Thus, we establish the utility of machine learning to develop surrogate models for the rapid performance prediction of novel enhanced microsurfaces.
Expert perspectives for the pharmacist on facilitating and improving the use of albumin in cirrhosis
Authors: Kugelmas Marcelo , Loftus Michelle , Owen Emily J , Wadei Hani , Saab Sammy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Albumin, the most abundant and arguably most important protein in the human body, plays a unique role in decompensated cirrhosis because its structure and function are quantitatively and qualitatively affected. A literature review was performed to provide insights into albumin use. The manuscript was developed using a multidisciplinary approach; 2 hepatologists, a nephrologist, a hospitalist, and a pharmacist, who are all members of or work closely with the Chronic Liver Disease Foundation, collaborated to write this expert perspective review.

Summary
Cirrhosis represents the potential end in the spectrum of all chronic liver diseases. Decompensated cirrhosis, defined by the overt manifestation of liver failure (eg, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, variceal bleeding), is the inflection point associated with increased mortality. Human serum albumin (HSA) infusion serves an important role in the treatment of advanced liver disease. The benefits of HSA administration in patients with cirrhosis are widely accepted, and its use has been advocated by several professional societies. However, inappropriate HSA use can lead to significant adverse patient events. This paper discusses the rationale for the administration of HSA in the treatment of complications of cirrhosis, analyzes the data on the use of HSA in cirrhosis, and streamlines practical recommendations set forth in published guidance.

Conclusion
Use of HSA in clinical practice needs to be improved. The objective of this paper is to empower pharmacists to facilitate and improve the use of HSA in patients with cirrhosis at their practice sites.
Bipolar Radiofrequency-Assisted Liposuction for Cervical Contouring in Eastern Asians
Authors: Yen ShihChun , Wang JiGeng , Gao Xiang , Zhu QiuXuan , Song CaiYing , Zhu Fei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
East Asian beauty standards uphold a V-shaped face and a long slender neck. Some patients are dissatisfied with the concurrent nonsurgical treatment and prefer limited downtime with minimally invasive procedures to achieve a natural skin-tightening outcome. The authors performed bipolar radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL) to achieve cervical rejuvenation.

Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of RFAL for the treatment of cervical skin and soft-tissue laxity in Eastern Asians.

Methods
In total, 66 patients with neck skin and soft-tissue laxity were treated with bipolar RFAL under tumescent local anesthesia. Further, the surgical outcomes were evaluated based on patient satisfaction score and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) score at 6 months postoperatively. Moreover, the incidence of postoperative complications was determined.

Results
All patients were followed up for at least 6 months. After RFAL technologies treatment, significant improvement in the neck contour was observed. The average GAIS score was 3.03 (4, very much improved; 3, much improved; 2, improved; 1, no change; and 0, worsened). Approximately 93% of patients were satisfied with the RFAL neck contouring outcome. Notably, no serious complications requiring further intervention were encountered in this series.

Conclusions
The described RFAL treatment significantly improved the refinement of neck contouring in Eastern Asian subjects. The simple, minimally invasive cervical procedure under local anesthesia improve the cervical-mental angle definition, tissue-tightening effect, face slimming, and the mandibular line. No serious adverse events except mild complications were reported. This treatment could achieve extraordinary results with a high safety profile.

Level of Evidence: 4
AGAT-PPIS: a novel protein–protein interaction site predictor based on augmented graph attention network with initial residual and identity mapping
Authors: Zhou Yuting , Jiang Yongquan , Yang Yan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Identifying protein–protein interaction (PPI) site is an important step in understanding biological activity, apprehending pathological mechanism and designing novel drugs. Developing reliable computational methods for predicting PPI site as screening tools contributes to reduce lots of time and expensive costs for conventional experiments, but how to improve the accuracy is still challenging. We propose a PPI site predictor, called Augmented Graph Attention Network Protein-Protein Interacting Site (AGAT-PPIS), based on AGAT with initial residual and identity mapping, in which eight AGAT layers are connected to mine node embedding representation deeply. AGAT is our augmented version of graph attention network, with added edge features. Besides, extra node features and edge features are introduced to provide more structural information and increase the translation and rotation invariance of the model. On the benchmark test set, AGAT-PPIS significantly surpasses the state-of-the-art method by 8% in Accuracy, 17.1% in Precision, 11.8% in F1-score, 15.1% in Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), 8.1% in Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC), 14.5% in Area Under the Precision-Recall curve (AUPRC), respectively.
ChemGAPP: a tool for chemical genomics analysis and phenotypic profiling
Authors: Doherty Hannah M , Kritikos George , Galardini Marco , Banzhaf Manuel , Moradigaravand Danesh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMotivationHigh-throughput chemical genomic screens produce informative datasets, providing valuable insights into unknown gene function on a genome-wide level. However, there is currently no comprehensive analytic package publicly available. We developed ChemGAPP to bridge this gap. ChemGAPP integrates various steps in a streamlined and user-friendly format, including rigorous quality control measures to curate screening data.ResultsChemGAPP provides three sub-packages for different chemical-genomic screens: ChemGAPP Big for large-scale screens; ChemGAPP Small for small-scale screens; and ChemGAPP GI for genetic interaction screens. ChemGAPP Big, tested against the Escherichiacoli KEIO collection, revealed reliable fitness scores which displayed biologically relevant phenotypes. ChemGAPP Small demonstrated significant changes in phenotype in a small-scale screen. ChemGAPP GI was benchmarked against three sets of genes with known epistasis types and successfully reproduced each interaction type.Availability and implementationChemGAPP is available at https://github.com/HannahMDoherty/ChemGAPP, as a standalone Python package as well as Streamlit applications.