bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of different recombinant PrP substrates in the diagnostic accuracy of the CSF RT-QuIC assay in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Authors: Da Silva Correia Susana Margarida , Schmitz Matthias , Fischer Andre , Hermann Peter , Zerr Inga 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), an in vitro protein misfolding amplification assay, was an innovation in the scientific field of protein misfolding diseases. In prion diseases, these types of assays imitate the pathological conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into a protease-resistant and/or amyloid form of PrP, called PrP resistant (PrPRes). The RT-QuIC is an automatic assay system based on real-time measuring of thioflavin-T (Th-T) incorporation into amyloid fibrils using shaking for disaggregation. It has already been applied in diagnostics, drug pre-screening, and to distinguish between different prion strains. The seeded conversion efficiency and the diagnostic accuracy of the RT-QuIC assay strongly depend on the kind of recombinant PrP (rec PrP) substrate. The DNA sequences of different substrates may originate from different species, such as human, bank vole, and hamster, or from a combination of two species, e.g., hamster-sheep chimera. In routine use, either full-length (FL) or truncated substrates are applied which can accelerate the conversion reaction, e.g., to a more sensitive version of RT-QuIC assay. In the present review, we provide an overview on the different types of PrP substrates (FL and truncated forms), recapitulate the production and purification process of different rec PrP substrates, and discuss the diagnostic value of CSF RT-QuIC in human prion disease diagnostics.
Efficacy of the additional use of subgingival air-polishing with erythritol powder in the treatment of periodontitis patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Part II: effect on sub-gingival microbiome
Authors: Mensi Magda , Caselli Elisabetta , D’Accolti Maria , Soffritti Irene , Farina Roberto , Scotti Eleonora , Guarnelli Maria Elena , Fabbri Chiara , Garzetti Gianluca , Marchetti Silvia , Sordillo Annamaria , Trombelli Leonardo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives

To date, scarce evidence exists around the application of subgingival air-polishing during treatment of severe periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on the health-related and periodontitis-related subgingival microbiome of air-polishing during non-surgical treatment of deep bleeding pockets in stage III–IV periodontitis patients.

Materials and methods
Forty patients with stage III–IV periodontitis were selected, and pockets with probing depth (PD) 5–9 mm and bleeding on probing were selected as experimental sites. All patients underwent a full-mouth session of erythritol powder supragingival air-polishing and ultrasonic instrumentation. Test group received additional subgingival air-polishing at experimental sites. Subgingival microbial samples were taken from the maxillary experimental site showing the deepest PD at baseline. Primary outcome of the first part of the present study was the 3-month change in the number of experimental sites. Additional analysis of periodontal pathogens and other sub-gingival plaque bacteria sampled at one experimental site at baseline and 3 months following treatment was performed through a real-time quantitative PCR microarray.

Results
In the test group, a statistical increase of some health-related species was observed (Abiotropha defectiva, Capnocytophaga sputigena, and Lautropia mirabilis), together with the decrease of pathogens such as of Actinomyces israelii, Catonella morbi, Filifactor alocis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Sele-nomonas sputigena, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Treponema socranskii. In the control group, statistical significance was found only in the decrease of Filifactor alocis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema socranskii.

Conclusions
The addition of erythritol-chlorhexidine powder seems to cause a shift of the periodontal micro-biome toward a more eubiotic condition compared to a conventional treatment. The study was registered on Clinical Trials.gov (NCT04264624).

Clinical relevance
Subgingival air-polishing could help re-establishing a eubiotic microbioma in deep bleeding periodontal pockets after initial non-surgical treatment.
Turbulence Organization and Mean Profile Shapes in the Stably Stratified Boundary Layer: Zones of Uniform Momentum and Air Temperature
Authors: Heisel Michael , Sullivan Peter P. , Katul Gabriel G. , Chamecki Marcelo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA persistent spatial organization of eddies is identified in the lowest portion of the stably stratified planetary boundary layer. The analysis uses flow realizations from published large-eddy simulations (Sullivan et al. in J Atmos Sci 73(4):1815–1840, 2016) ranging in stability from near-neutral to almost z-less stratification. The coherent turbulent structure is well approximated as a series of uniform momentum zones (UMZs) and uniform temperature zones (UTZs) separated by thin layers of intense gradients that are significantly greater than the mean. This pattern yields stairstep-like instantaneous flow profiles whose shape is distinct from the mean profiles that emerge from long-term averaging. However, the scaling of the stairstep organization is closely related to the resulting mean profiles. The differences in velocity and temperature across the thin gradient layers remain proportional to the surface momentum and heat flux conditions regardless of stratification. The vertical thickness of UMZs and UTZs is proportional to height above the surface for near-neutral and weak stratification, but becomes thinner and less dependent on height as the stability increases. Deviations from the logarithmic mean profiles for velocity and temperature observed under neutral conditions are therefore predominately due to the reduction in eddy size with increasing stratification, which is empirically captured by existing Monin–Obukhov similarity relations for momentum and heat. The zone properties are additionally used to explain trends in the turbulent Prandtl number, thus providing a connection between the eddy organization, mean profiles, and turbulent diffusivity in stably stratified conditions.
“I Wonder What They Do Teach Them in These Schools”: The Chronicles of Narnia and Nature-Deficit Disorder
Authors: Selden Sarah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThroughout The Chronicles of Narnia, nature plays a prominent role in driving good’s triumph over evil, and while Lewis’s environmental activism in writing Narnia has gained critical attention, the connection between his penchant for nature and his educational philosophy has not yet been accordingly considered. Stemming from his early studies of Wordsworth’s Prelude, Lewis illustrates the crucial correlation between children spending time in nature and developing imagination. Lewis replaces English school systems and educational philosophy with natural images ranging from the transformation of pupil desks into rose bushes in Prince Caspian to Aslan’s emergence from the forest and subsequent abolition of Experiment House in The Silver Chair, connecting nature’s role in children’s moral development to their formal education. Lewis’s concerns expressed in Narnia draw renewed relevance with the prominence of technology and standardized testing in today’s classrooms. As Richard Louv argues in Last Child in the Woods, twenty-first century children are experiencing an alienation from nature that is causing physical and spiritual damage. This paper will explore Lewis’s educational philosophy as evidenced within the natural settings of The Chronicles of Narnia, its ramifications in a twenty-first century context and the real-world results of incorporating nature-based education into classrooms for all ages.
Comparison of DTL and gold cup skin electrodes for recordings of the multifocal electroretinogram
Authors: Eckermann Theresa , Hoffmann Michael B. , Al-Nosairy Khaldoon O. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To compare mfERG recordings with the Dawson–Trick–Litzkow (DTL) and gold cup skin electrode in healthy young and old adults and to test the sensitivity of both electrodes to age-related changes in the responses.

Methods
Twenty participants aged 20–27 years (“young”) and 20 participants aged 60–75 (“old”) with a visual acuity of ≤ 0 logMAR were included. The mfERG responses were recorded simultaneously using DTL and skin electrodes. P1 amplitudes, peak times and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were compared between both electrodes and across age groups, and correlation analyses were performed. The electrode’s performance in discriminating between age groups was assessed via area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics.

Results
Both electrodes reflected the typical waveform of mfERG recordings. For the skin electrode, however, P1 amplitudes were significantly reduced (p < 0.001; reduction by over 70%), P1 peak times were significantly shorter (p < 0.001; by approx. 1.5 ms), and SNRs were reduced [(p < 0.001; logSNR ± SEM DTL young (old) vs gold cup: 0.79 ± 0.13 (0.71 ± 0.15) vs 0.37 ± 0.15 (0.34 ± 0.13)]. All mfERG components showed strong significant correlations (R2 ≥ 0.253, p < 0.001) between both electrodes for all eccentricities. Both electrodes allowed for the identification of age-related P1 changes, i.e., P1-amplitude reduction and peak-time delay in the older group. There was a trend to higher AUC for the DTL electrode to delineate these differences between age groups, which, however, failed to reach statistical significance.

Conclusions
Both electrode types enable successful mfERG recordings. However, in compliant patients, the use of the DTL electrode appears preferable due to the larger amplitudes, higher signal-to-noise ratio and its better reflection of physiological changes, i.e., age effects. Nevertheless, skin electrodes appear a viable alternative for mfERG recordings in patients in whom the use of corneal electrodes is precluded, e.g., children and disabled patients.
Embeddings of trees, cantor sets and solvable Baumslag–Solitar groups
Authors: Nairne Patrick S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe characterise when there exists a quasiisometric embedding between two solvable Baumslag–Solitar groups. This extends the work of Farb and Mosher on quasiisometries between the same groups. More generally, we characterise when there can exist a quasiisometric embedding between two treebolic spaces. This allows us to determine when two treebolic spaces are quasiisometric, confirming a conjecture of Woess. The question of whether there exists a quasiisometric embedding between two treebolic spaces turns out to be equivalent to the question of whether there exists a bilipschitz embedding between two symbolic Cantor sets, which in turn is equivalent to the question of whether there exists a rough isometric embedding between two regular rooted trees. Hence we answer all three of these questions simultaneously. It turns out that the existence of such embeddings is completely determined by the boundedness of an intriguing family of integer sequences.
Feeling in Values: Axiological and Emotional Intentionality as Living Structure of Ethical Life, Regarding Max Scheler’s Phenomenology
Authors: Velázquez Juan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSome of the contemporary ethical debates have put in value the rational feature of feelings because of the estimative intentionality that is implied in them. In this context, some claim that the intentionality of emotions is a kind of value perception, as Phenomenology stressed at the beginning of the twentieth century, particularly Max Scheler, by analysing emotional Feeling [Fühlen] in the frame of emotional life. In order to extend the context of this philosophical debate, and after describing Scheler’s phenomenology of feelings of the intentional and non-intentional emotional life, firstly, we defend theaxiologicalandemotionalintentionalityasdoubleintentionality that—in our understanding—Scheler analyses phenomenologically, while taking distance from Franz Brentano and Edmund Husserl’s intentional structure of estimative emotions. And, secondly, we propose a tentative interpretation of the link between estimative and emotional double intentionality as livingstructureofethicallife, in the light of Martin Heidegger’s Hermeneutical Phenomenology.
Model-based decision support for knowledge-intensive processes
Authors: Seidel Anjo , Haarmann Stephan , Weske Mathias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProcess-aware information systems guide participants through the execution of processes. However, existing systems have limited support for knowledge-intensive processes, which are multi-variant and shaped by informed decisions of knowledge workers. Yet, making such decisions causes high cognitive load, as the effect of the decision on the future process execution must be considered. This may cause errors and/or slow down the process execution. We present an approach based on fragment-based Case Management. It supports the iterative decision making by (i) enabling knowledge workers to define goals and (ii) by giving recommendations on which decision outcomes align with the goals and which do not. For that, we use information from the process model and the running process instance. We show the technical feasibility with a proof-of-concept implementation and the value for knowledge workers in a preliminary user study.
HPLC-Fluorescence Detection Method for Concurrent Estimation of Domperidone and Naproxen. Validation and Eco-Friendliness Appraisal Studies
Authors: Guirguis Karin M. , Zeid May M. , Shaalan Rasha A. , Belal Tarek S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work demonstrates a simple and reliable HPLC method with fluorimetric detection for simultaneous estimation of domperidone (DOM) and naproxen (NAP). Successful chromatographic separation was accomplished using Inertsil ODS C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm) with gradient elution of the mobile phase consisting of 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) solution and acetonitrile. The gradient elution started with 25% acetonitrile increased linearly to 65% in 5 min, then kept at this percentage till the end of the run. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The excitation wavelength at 284 nm was found suitable for both DOM and NAP since it corresponds to a maximum for the minor component DOM and measurable excitation for NAP, while using 316 and 355 nm as emission wavelengths for DOM and NAP, respectively. Peaks eluted with excellent resolution at retention times 4.4 and 6.3 min for DOM and NAP, respectively. Performance of the proposed method was tested according to ICH guidelines in regard to linearity, ranges, precision, accuracy, robustness, detection and quantitation limits. Calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 0.8–3.6 and 1.0–2.5 µg/mL for DOM and NAP respectively with correlation coefficients not less than 0.9996. The validated method was successfully applied to the analysis of DOM and NAP in their laboratory prepared tablets resembling the commercial dosage form, and assay results were favorably compared with a published reference HPLC method. The method’s greenness was assessed using the Analytical Eco-Scale and the novel Analytical Greenness metric (AGREE).
An improved parallel processing-based strawberry optimization algorithm for drone placement
Authors: Farrag Tamer Ahmed , Farag M. A. , Rizk-Allah Rizk M. , Hassanien Aboul Ella , Elhosseini Mostafa A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is challenging to place drones in the best possible locations to monitor all sensor targets while keeping the number of drones to a minimum. Strawberry optimization (SBA) has been demonstrated to be more effective and superior to current methods in evaluating engineering functions in various engineering problems. Because the SBA is a new method, it has never been used to solve problems involving optimal drone placement. SBA is preferred for optimizing drone placement in this study due to its promising results for nonlinear, mixed, and multimodal problems. Based on the references listed below, no study has investigated the need to develop a parallelized strategy version. Several studies have been conducted on the use of drones for coverage. However, no optimization algorithms have been evaluated regarding time complexity or execution time. Despite what has been said thus far, no study has looked into the significance of a systematic framework for assessing drone coverage techniques using test suits. An optimized drone placement algorithm based on strawberry optimization is presented in the paper. The strawberry optimization algorithm will solve the drone placement problem through parallelization. In addition, the authors deploy test suits that vary in size from small to large. The dataset consists of four categories with three problems each. Results indicate that strawberry optimizers outperform Genetic algorithms (GA) and particle swarm optimization algorithms (PSO) in the number of drones, convergence, and computation time. Furthermore, the proposed approach achieves the best solution in a finite number of steps. In small-scale problems, the performance of all algorithms is convergent. As the size of the data set increases, the superiority of Strawberry optimization algorithms becomes evident. Overall, Strawberry comes out on top for eleven out of twelve comparisons.
Critical Parameters and Mechanisms of Chromium Removal from Water by Copper-Based Nanoparticles
Authors: Noli Fotini , Dafnomili Argyro , Dendrinou-Samara Catherine , Kapnisti Maria , Pavlidou Eleni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis research aims to explore the chromium removal from water using copper-based nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as determination of the specific surface area (SBET) and point of zero charge (PZC). The size and composition of nanoparticles are influenced by the reaction time, organic coating, and oxidizing atmosphere. Sorption experiments were carried out in aqueous solutions as well as simulated drinking water at various initial concentration, time, and temperature. Cu nanoparticles had a significant Cr uptake capacity of 3.4 mg·g−1 for Cin 1.0 mg·L−1 lowering the Cr concentration below the provisional guideline value of 50 μg·L−1. Sorption isotherms were fitted to Henry, Langmuir, and Freundlich models, whereas kinetic data were reproduced by different kinetic models. Iodide sorption experiments were carried out to explore the sorption mechanism onto Cu-NPs. Considering the biocompatibility, stability, good uptake capacity, and reusability, Cu nanoparticles could be considered as promising agents for applications in water purification.
Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose nanofibrils in black tea media by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast isolated from commercial kombucha beverage
Authors: Hamed Doaa A. , Maghrawy Heba H. , Abdel Kareem Hussein 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBacterial cellulose has drawn the attention for its unique properties and applications including; medicine, pharmacy, food, agricultural, textile and electronics. The present study focused on the production of bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNF) from black tea as cost effective alternative medium in addition to study the effect of gamma radiation on BCNF properties. A symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) were isolated from commercial Kombucha beverage and were identified as Acinetobacterlowffii and Candida krusei, respectively. The symbiotic culture was used for production of BCNF on Hestrin-Schramm (HS), black tea (BT) and modified BT media. BCNF was purified (0.5 N NaOH) and quantified by dry weight, yield and productivity determination. Characterization and effect of gamma radiation (5–25 kGy) on BCNF were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The highest BCNF production was achieved using BT medium with 0.2% tea and 6.0% commercial sugar (with dry weight 4.77–4.61 g/l and productivity 68.14% and 65.85%, respectively). Supplementation of BT medium with 1% ethanol, 0.27% Na2HPO4 and 0.5% yeast extract individually, enhanced the BCNF production (7.85, 6.84 and 5.73 g/l), respectively. FTIR spectrum of BCNF from sugared water (SW), HS and BT showed similar structure with high purity. As a conclusion, gamma irradiation has no effect on the BCNF structure while showed different effects on its crystallinity index and size with the different doses. The changes in CrI were ranged between (17 and 23.5%), while the crystallinity size (Cs) was affected by gamma irradiation in a positive relationship where the crystalline size was decreased (33%) by exposure to 5 kGy then increased by increasing the dose of radiation reaching 25.7% at 25 kGy. SEM graphs showed the morphology of microbial culture and its symbiotic relationship in addition to the ultrafine structure of non-irradiated and irradiated BCNF.

Graphical abstract
Synthesis, characterization, and application of 2D/2D TiO2-GO-ZnFe2O4 obtained by the fluorine-free lyophilization method for solar light-driven photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen
Authors: Malinowska Izabela , Kubica Paweł , Madajski Piotr , Ostrowski Adam , Gómez Polo Cristina , Carvera Laura , Bednarski Waldemar , Zielińska-Jurek Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, we report the potential of 2D/2D TiO2-GO-ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst obtained using the fluorine-free lyophilization technique for the degradation of ibuprofen belonging to the group of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The improved ibuprofen degradation under simulated solar light was achieved in the presence of a composite of 2D TiO2 combined with GO and embedded ZnFe2O4, which additionally provides superparamagnetic properties and enables photocatalyst separation after the photodegradation process. After only 20 min of the photodegradation process in the presence of 2D/2D TiO2-GO-ZnFe2O4 composite, more than 90% of ibuprofen was degraded under simulated solar light, leading to non-toxic and more susceptible to biodegradation intermediates. At the same time, photolysis of ibuprofen led to the formation of more toxic intermediates. Furthermore, based on the photocatalytic degradation analysis, the degradation by-products and possible photodegradation pathways of ibuprofen were investigated. The photodegradation tests and electronic spin resonance analyses indicated the significant involvement of superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen in the ibuprofen photodegradation process.
Management of Acute Stress Reactions in the Military: A Stepped Care Approach
Authors: Matson Liana M. , Adler Amy B. , Quartana Phillip J. , Thomas Connie L. , Lowery-Gionta Emily G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose of the Review

This review highlights knowledge gaps surrounding the development and use of interventions for Acute Stress Reactions (ASRs). First, we propose that a stepped care approach to intervention for ASR be developed and utilized in military operational environments. A stepped care approach would include detection and assessment, followed by behavioral intervention, and then medication intervention for ASRs. Second, we discuss potential strategies that can be taken for the development of safe and effective ASR medications.

Recent Findings

ASRs commonly occur in operational environments, particularly in military populations. ASRs impact the safety and performance of individual service members and teams, but there are currently limited options for intervention.

Summary

Efforts to improve ASR detection and assessment, and development and delivery of ASR interventions for implementation in operational environments, will be critical to maintaining the safety and performance of service members.