bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simple Spectroscopic Technique to Identify Rejuvenating Galaxies
Authors: Zhang Junyu , Li Yijia , Leja Joel , Whitaker Katherine E. , Nersesian Angelos , Bezanson Rachel , van der Wel Arjen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Rejuvenating galaxies are unusual galaxies that fully quench and then subsequently experience a “rejuvenation” event to become star-forming once more. Rejuvenation rates vary substantially in models of galaxy formation: 10%–70% of massive galaxies are expected to experience rejuvenation by z = 0. Measuring the rate of rejuvenation is therefore important for calibrating the strength of star-formation feedback mechanisms. However, these observations are challenging because rejuvenating systems blend in with normal star-forming galaxies in broadband photometry. In this paper, we use the galaxy spectral energy distribution-fitting code Prospector to search for observational markers that distinguish normal star-forming galaxies from rejuvenating galaxies. We find that rejuvenating galaxies have smaller Balmer absorption line equivalent widths (EWs) than normal star-forming galaxies. This is analogous to the well-known “K+A” or post-starburst galaxies, which have strong Balmer absorption due to A-stars dominating the light: in this case, rejuvenating systems have a lack of A-stars, instead resembling “O—A” systems. We find star-forming galaxies that have Hβ, Hγ, and/or Hδ absorption EWs ≲3 Å corresponds to a highly pure selection of rejuvenating systems. Interestingly, while this technique is highly effective at identifying mild rejuvenation, “strongly” rejuvenating systems remain nearly indistinguishable from star-forming galaxies due to the well-known stellar outshining effect. We conclude that measuring Balmer absorption line EWs in star-forming galaxy populations is an efficient method to identify rejuvenating populations, and discuss several techniques to either remove or resolve the nebular emission which typically lies on top of these absorption lines.
The Direction of the Flow of Interstellar Neutral H Based on Photometric Observations from SOHO/SWAN
Authors: Bzowski M. , Kubiak M. A. , Strumik M. , Kowalska-Leszczynska I. , Porowski C. , Quémerais E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Interstellar neutral hydrogen flows into the heliosphere as a mixture of the primary and secondary populations from two somewhat different directions due to splitting occurring in the magnetized outer heliosheath. The direction of the inflow of interstellar neutral H observed in the inner heliosphere, confronted with that of the unperturbed flow of interstellar neutral helium, is important for understanding the geometry of the distortion of the heliosphere from axial symmetry. It is also needed for facilitating remote-sensing studies of the solar wind structure based on observations of the helioglow, such as those presently performed by SOHO/SWAN, and in the near future by IMAP/GLOWS. In the past, the only means to measure the direction of the flow of interstellar hydrogen were spectroscopic observations of the helioglow. Here, we propose a new method to determine this parameter based on a long series of photometric observations of the helioglow. The method is based on purely geometric considerations and does not depend on any model and absolute calibration of the measurements. We apply this method to sky maps of the helioglow available from the SOHO/SWAN experiment and derive the mean longitude of the flow of interstellar hydrogen. We obtain 253.°1 ± 2.°8, which is in perfect agreement with the previously obtained results based on spectroscopic observations.
When the Stars Align: A 5σ Concordance of Planetary Nebulae Major Axes in the Center of Our Galaxy
Authors: Tan Shuyu , Parker Quentin A. , Zijlstra Albert A. , Ritter Andreas , Rees Bryan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We report observations of a remarkable major axes alignment nearly parallel to the Galactic plane of 5σ significance for a subset of bulge “planetary nebulae” (PNe) that host, or are inferred to host, short-period binaries. Nearly all are bipolar. It is solely this specific PN population that accounts for the much weaker statistical alignments previously reported for the more general bulge PNe. It is clear evidence of a persistent, organized process acting on a measurable parameter at the heart of our galaxy over perhaps cosmologically significant periods of time for this very particular PN sample. Stable magnetic fields are currently the only plausible mechanism that could affect multiple binary star orbits as revealed by the observed major axes orientations of their eventual PNe. Examples are fed into the current bulge PN population at a rate determined by their formation history and mass range of their binary stellar progenitors.
Evidence for a Black Hole Spin–Orbit Misalignment in the X-Ray Binary Cyg X-1
Authors: Zdziarski Andrzej A. , Veledina Alexandra , Szanecki Michał , Green David A. , Bright Joe S. , Williams David R. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recently, the accretion geometry of the black hole X-ray binary Cyg X-1 was probed with the X-ray polarization. The position angle of the X-ray-emitting flow was found to be aligned with the position angle of the radio jet in the plane of the sky. At the same time, the observed high polarization degree could be obtained only for a high inclination of the X-ray-emitting flow, indicating a misalignment between the binary axis and the black hole spin. The jet, in turn, is believed to be directed by the spin axis; hence, a similar misalignment is expected between the jet and binary axes. We test this hypothesis using very long (up to about 26 yr) multiband radio observations. We find a misalignment of 20°–30°. However, contrary to the earlier expectations, the jet and binary viewing angles are found to be similar, while the misalignment is seen between the position angles of the jet and the binary axis on the plane of the sky. Furthermore, the presence of the misalignment calls into question our understanding of the evolution of this binary system.
The “Super-Active” Accretion Phase of T CrB has Ended
Authors: Munari Ulisse 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The symbiotic recurrent nova T CrB erupted for the second and last recorded time in 1946. Following the outburst, the accretion rate onto its WD has remained rather low with only occasional and minor flaring episodes, until in late 2014 it entered a “super-active” phase (SAP) that peaked in 2016 April: the flux radiated by Balmer lines increased by two orders of magnitude, accompanied by the appearance of strong He i, He ii, and many other emission lines. Following the sharp maximum, the intensity of the emission lines has been steadily decreasing, reaching back to pre-SAP levels by mid-2023. The end of SAP is also confirmed by the drop of B-band brightness to pre-SAP conditions and the simultaneous re-appearance of a large-amplitude flickering. This suggests that the accretion disk has emptied from the extra material that has driven the “super active” state and has completed its transfer onto the WD, setting the stage for a new and probably imminent nova eruption.
Más que una carta: Risāla ilà aṣḥāb al-Šayḫ ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mahdawī
Authors: Seyma Ozkan Zeynep 
Published: July 2023

Tanto en su Iǧāza como en su Fihrist, Ibn al-ʿArabī se refirió a Risāla ilà aṣḥāb al-Šayḫ ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mahdawī como a una obra separada. Este documento es una carta escrita a los discípulos del Šayḫ ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Mahdawī de Túnez por el propio Ibn al-ʿArabī, y recientemente se ha determinado que también sirve como una especie de prólogo de Mašāhid al-asrār. Este prólogo cubre temas tales como quién debe estudiar el Mašāhid y cómo debe hacerlo, las explicaciones de las palabras difíciles que se encuentran en él y las defensas de posibles críticas contra él. La carta de Ibn al-ʿArabī es importante por derecho propio: desarrolla los conceptos de ḫatmiyya, walāya, nubuwwa y wirāṯa en sus formas originales y hace referencia a discusiones en los círculos académicos de al-Andalus y el norte de África. Este artículo mostrará cómo debe entenderse la Risāla con los Mašāhid y explorará su contenido a la luz de las obras de Ibn al-ʿArabī y su medio social e intelectual.
Assessment of Risk Factors and Angiographic Profile in Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Singh Rao Somendra , Kandoria Arvind Kumar , Negi Prakash Chand 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Diagnostic and management challenges with unpredictable angiographic presentations are encountered in left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) patients. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, angiographic profile, and outcomes associated with LMCAD at 6-month follow-up.

Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective observational study where a total of 1474 patients undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled between March 2018 and August 2019. Demographic details, physical examination, and routine biochemical investigations were reported. Obstructive LMCAD patients were managed either with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) according to syntax score, and outcomes were recorded at 6-month follow-up.

Results:
The mean age of the overall study population (1474 patients) was 59 ± 8.1 years with male 959 (65%) preponderance. Obstructive LMCAD was observed in 103 (6%) patients. Smoking was the prime risk factor associated with obstructive LMCAD observed among 58 (56%) patients followed by hypertension in 45 (43%), dyslipidemia in 42 (40%), obesity in 26 (25%), and diabetes mellitus in 23 (22%) patients. Among 41 (40%) obstructive LMCAD patients, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction/unstable angina was the major presentation. The majorly affected target vessels were left anterior descending artery (100%) and left circumflex artery (80%) among 103 and 83 patients, respectively. Triple-vessel disease was predominantly observed among 63 (62%) obstructive LMCAD patients. PCI and CABG were performed in 19 (18.4%) and 27 (26.2%) patients with a mean syntax score of 20 and 31, respectively.

Conclusion:
Smoking, advanced age, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated risk factors of LMCAD.
A Study of Parasympathetic Autonomic Function in Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle among Young Adult Females
Authors: Patra Subhadeep , De Kaberi , Panda Prem Sagar , Chatterjee Sudakshina 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone, as well as the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone produced from the anterior pituitary, govern the three stages of the menstrual cycle: menstrual, follicular, and luteal. Hormone fluctuations cause changes in autonomic function. There have been relatively few studies that show autonomic function modification throughout various periods of the menstrual cycle.

Aim and Objectives:
The current study was undertaken to investigate the difference in mean parasympathetic autonomic characteristics between the proliferative and secretory stages of the menstrual cycle.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 120 healthy young adult female volunteers were recruited among Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Nursing Sciences, and Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences students. The study eliminated 20 students who were in the bleeding phase of their cycle. The electrocardiogram was captured, and parasympathetic parameters were determined using the fully automated CANWin instrument in the Department of Physiology. The data of the abovementioned parameters were compiled, tabulated, and entered into Microsoft Excel 2013 and statistically analyzed using STATA software 15.1.

Results:
The subjects’ mean ages, heights, and weights were 18.9 ± 0.70 years, 156.6 ± 5.25 cm, and 53.7 ± 8.63 kg, respectively. The mean resting heart rate in the secretory phase was substantially greater than in the proliferative phase, indicating sympathetic dominance. The 30:15 ratio between proliferative and secretory stages. The mean E: I ratio calculated from the slow deep breathing maneuver reveals a statistically significant difference between the proliferative and secretory phases.

Conclusion:
During the secretory phase, there is a considerable rise in parasympathetic activity among the individuals in the current study. Changes in parasympathetic activity throughout the follicular and secretory stages of the menstrual cycle may be caused by fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels.
Cryotherapy in Egyptian patients with central airway obstruction: impacts on clinical pulmonary scores, pulmonary function tests and quality of life, a single center experience
Authors: Halfawy Ahmed Al , Amin Hassan , Younis Muhammad , Elhassan Usama E Abu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Cryotherapy has emerged as an effective modality to manage patients with central airway obstruction (CAO). The aim was to assess the outcomes of using cryotherapy for managing CAO and its effect on the symptoms, and pulmonary function testing (PFT) in patients with CAO.

Patients and methods
This prospective protocol was carried out at the Chest Department, Cairo University Hospitals, in collaboration with the Military Chest Hospital over 6 months. Patients with CAO underwent cryotherapy and were assessed by the following: grade of airway obstruction, dyspnea, hemoptysis and quality of life scales, and PFT. Outcomes and safety of cryotherapy were evaluated.

Results
A total of 30 patients with CAO were enrolled and were divided into two groups: the malignant obstruction group (n=20) and the nonmalignant obstruction group (n=10). Complete restoration of the airway patency was achieved in 53.3% of patients. Only three (10%) cases encountered complications. There were significant postprocedural improvements of dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis, quality of life scales, and PFT. Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking was associated with worse outcomes.

Conclusions
Cryotherapy is a safe and successful method for both endobronchial exophytic tumor debulking and nonmalignant CAO. These benefits were reflected in the postprocedural improvement of clinical pulmonary scales, PFT, the grade of airway obstruction, and quality of life. Further prospective, multicenter studies are recommended.
Association of inflammatory biomarkers with coronavirus disease 2019 severity: a retrospective study in the UAE
Authors: Said Hedya , Almansoury Ahmed , Fekry Sherif , Abdelfattah Wael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The inflammatory process involved in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection is one of great interest in understanding the pathophysiology and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the association of inflammatory markers with severe COVID-19.

Patients and methods
The data were collected from patient files admitted to two tertiary hospitals in UAE during the COVID-19 pandemic from April to July 2020. During first COVID-19 wave that hits UAE, general symptoms as well as radiographic, blood, and immunological findings were also recorded.

Results
The study included 320 patients. Men (84.1%) outnumbered women (15.9%). Most (73.8%) patients had no comorbidities. The patients were from several nationalities, with Indians being the majority (51.9%). Most patients (65.6%) had mild, whereas 26.6% had severe manifestations. Only 25 patients were asymptomatic. C-reactive protein level had a significant relation to COVID-19 severity. Some parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, D-dimer, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, ICU admission, and death rates as well as radiological findings in the severe group had significant differences compared with the mild and asymptomatic groups.

Conclusions
These data are valuable contributions to the monitoring, severity assessment, and prognosis of patients with COVID-19.
The role of ultrasound in assessment of positive end-expiratory pressure-induced lung recruitment in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients
Authors: Youssef Ayman A E -R , Essawy Tarek S , Mohammad Koot A , Abo-Youssef Shaimaa M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
In the case of critically sick patients, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may be life-threatening and necessitates the need for ICU admission. Continuous monitoring is required for mechanical ventilation and recruitment movements as necessary. In this research, the goal is to investigate the use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of positive end exhalatory pressure-induced lung recruitment in ARDS patients.

Patients and methods
A total of 25 ARDS patients were included in this research, which was done in the hospital’s respiratory care unit. All of the patients were seen by a doctor, had a chest radiograph, and had laboratory tests. Mechanical ventilation was used in the care of all patients. Using positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) values of 5 and 15, we measured pressure–volume (PV) and lung ultrasound tracings. The PV curve approach was used to assess PEEP-induced lung recruitment. Between PEEP 5 and PEEP 15, there was an extremely strong positive connection between reaeration score and the change in lung volume (r=0.737, P=0.001).

Results
Between PEEP 5 and PEEP 15, there was a substantial (r=0.577, P=0.003) positive association between the reaeration score and the decrease in PaO2. There was a substantial negative association between reaeration score and mortality (rpb=-0.842, P=0.001), in which mortality reduces as the score increases.

Conclusion
For quantitative evaluation of PEEP-induced lung recruitment, bedside lung ultrasound is equal to the PV curve approach. In patients with ARDS, PEEP-induced lung recruitment may be assessed using ultrasonography.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Maternofetal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Severe Anemia
Authors: Singh Meenakshi , Puri Manju , Choudhary Vidhi , Kapur Aishwarya , Triveni GS , Gunjan  , Patel Manisha , Kumari Vinita 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Anemia is the most common nutritional disease in pregnancy with significant adverse maternofetal outcome. The objective of the present study is to study the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the pregnancy outcomes of women with severe anemia.

Methodology:
A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at LHMC and SSK Hospital, Delhi. The study included all antenatal women admitted at a gestational age of >26 weeks (third trimester) with severe anemia and hemoglobin level of 7 g/dL. In our study, a total of 4031 women were included as cases during study period (July to December 2022) and 6659 women as controls from pre-COVID-19 period (July to December 2019).

Results:
In present study, a total of 4031 women delivered during study period as compared to 6659 in control period. In the present study, the prevalence of anemia was observed to be 74.7% in the study group and 51.6% in the control group (P < 0.001). Mean hemoglobin level was significantly lower in study group as compared to the control groups P<0.05. Microcytic hypochromic anemia was the most common morphological type of anemia in both groups. Serum ferritin, serum iron, serum B12, and folic acid levels among cases were significantly (P < 0.05) lower as compared to controls. Odds of fetal growth restriction were 1.4 times higher among study group as compared to control groups. The odds of newborn complications such as low birth weight were 2.49 (95% CI: 1.04–5.91) and need for nursery or NICU admission were 4.84 times (95% CI: 0.48–48.24) higher in cases as compared to controls. Low birth rate was higher in cases and was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 pandemic had indirect impact on adverse maternal and fetal outcome in women with severe anemia.
Two Parallel Roads Impacting the Functional Preparedness of Accredited Hospitals: The Indian Healthcare Quality Standards and Disaster Management Act 2005
Authors: Yadav Nidhi , Sodani Parshu Ram , Vishwakarma Gayatri 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Quality management of healthcare service providers and disaster preparedness are two important aspects that affect patient safety and the overall outcome of care delivery. Accreditation standards and legal framework for disaster management are intertwined and pave the way for achieving the optimum level of safety in healthcare system.

Aims:
The aim of the study is to evaluate the functional preparedness of hospital staff for managing disaster situations.

Materials and Methods:
It was a quantitative, cross-sectional, ex-post-facto study to understand the functional elements by deeply studying the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) scores of various level hospital staff.

Results:
Knowledge scores of the participants showed positive correlation with attitude scores (r = 0.424, P < 0.001) and practice scores (r = 0.446, P < 0.001). The study showed a significant difference between mean KAP score of males (14.96 ± 3.5) and female (16.38 ± 2.6). Similarly, the staff who obtained excellent scores in the KAP study belonged to a higher age group while those who obtained poor were in the lowest age group (F (2, 715) =10.739; P < 0.001). The performance of staff significantly increased (P < 0.01) with increase in age as number of years of experience and on-the-job training enriched their understanding. Inspite, of the same level of inputs in terms of training and sensitization inputs, the staff of Administration departments showed higher knowledge than other staff (χ2 =97.37, P < 0.001). Analysis of educational qualification of participants elicits that it has a statistically significant effect on their performance in KAP study (F (5, 709) = 12.82; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The KAP scores are direct indicator of effectiveness of quality standards in preparing the hospital for disaster management. The study shows that variables like age, gender, department, educational qualification are correlated with performance and affect the attitude and practice during a disaster event.
A case report on the management of Luta visha (~spider bite poisoning) through Ayurveda strategies
Authors: Chandni K. C. , Shukla Urmila , Ujjaliya Nitin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Spider bites are commonly reported from many parts of the world. Clinical manifestations of spider bites reported range from simple local irritations and dermonecrotic lesions to potentially lethal neurotoxicity and intravascular hemolysis. In Agada Tantra, spider envenomation is coined as Luta visha (~spider bite poisoning), and a detailed description of different types of spider bites with their treatment is available in the literature. A 28-year-old female with a history of spider envenomation, presented with two reddish lesions with pale blue depression at the center associated with pain, burning sensation, and itching on the dorsum of her left leg. The lesion was a fast-progressive necrotic lesion and was diagnosed as Pitta-kapha predominant manifestation due to the spider bite. She was administered Guduchyadi kashayam (15 mL) and Vilwadi agada (1000 mg) thrice daily and external Shatadhouta ghrita application after washing with Triphala kashaya. On the fifth day of the bite, when the pain increased and was associated with a mild fever, Sooryaprabha gutika (125 mg) thrice daily was given. The lesion was fully necrosed by the seventh day of the bite. The necrosed tissue was removed, and Mahatiktaka ghrita was applied. By the 17th day of the bite, the wound was healed with no pain on palpation. After 21 days of bite, all the medications were stopped. Dooshivishari agada (500 mg) and Haridrakhandam (5 g) twice daily were prescribed to eliminate residual poison, if any. Eladi kera thailam was administered externally to reduce the blackish discoloration of the bite site. This fast-progressive necrotic lesion was solely managed by Ayurvedic medicines.