bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐surgical rhinoplasty using polydioxanone threads
Authors: Sulyman Omotara , Cristel Robert , Gandhi Nimit , Kola Eljona , Borst Selika Gutierrez , Caughlin Benjamin , Dayan Steven 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate the effects of PDO threads non‐surgical rhinoplasty on patients' quality of life (using FACE‐Q Scale) and first impression assessments.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study of 10 adult patients who sought non surgical rhinoplasty to improve tip rotation or reduce the appearance of a dorsal hump. All patients fulfilled the study's enrollment criteria. Prior to treatment, patients completed pre‐treatment FACE‐Q surveys and pre‐treatment photos were obtained. Each patient was treated with the appropriate size and number of PDO threads necessary to achieve optimal correction result (OCR). Two weeks after treatment, the patient completed posttreatment FACE‐Q surveys and posttreatment photos were obtained and analyzed. First impression surveys were created using pre‐ and posttreatment photos, and the survey was completed by 146 blinded evaluators.ResultsThere was statistically significant improvement in the FACE‐Q scores for social function (p = 0.02), psychological function (p = 0.0009) and satisfaction with nose (p = 0.0001). There was significant reduction in scores for appearance related psychosocial distress (p = 0.03). For the first impression surveys, there was a statistically significant improvement (p = 0.029) in the attractiveness scale posttreatment. Although not statistically significant, there was reduction of the dorsal hump (p = 0.15) and increase in the nasolabial angle (p = 0.48) and Goode's ratio (p = 0.16). There were no major adverse events or complications.ConclusionThis study shows that the PDO threads alone can be used safely to achieve minor nasal changes especially in tip rotation and appearance of dorsal hump, to improve patients' quality of life, and perceived attractiveness of treated patients.
Influence of landfill use on nest‐site selection and breeding success in white storks
Authors: López‐García A. , Martínez‐Miranzo B. , Aguirre J. I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLandscape transformation by humans through habitat degradation, agriculture intensification and urbanization results in the loss of natural feeding areas. However, populations of certain species have adapted to these changes and benefit from some anthropogenic food sources as well as an absence of predators and milder environmental conditions in urban landscapes. Although breeding near landfills secures food availability and saves energy and time spent on foraging activities, the poor food quality and risks associated with these facilities imply some fitness costs. Our study shows the effects of landfills on nest‐site selection and breeding success in white storks (Ciconia ciconia). Birds breeding near landfills occupy more urban areas where many structures are available to nest, while breeding pairs 20–30 km from landfills select nest sites with high‐quality food sources in the vicinity such as pastures, meadows and agro‐forestry areas. Furthermore, we demonstrate that habitat quality in the surrounding area is more relevant than landfills for breeding outcomes, but both of these are crucial for brood size. The number of fledglings was higher at a medium distance to the landfill than at 20–30 km from the landfill, but not near the landfill (0–10 km). This suggests that the best strategy includes food from landfills as a complementary or alternative food source. Future studies should further investigate if these shifts in habitat preference are permanent, and the potential impact of habitat degradation and landfill closures at a population level, for this species.
Phylogenomics insights into gene evolution, rapid species diversification, and morphological innovation of the apple tribe (Maleae, Rosaceae)
Authors: Zhang Lin , Morales‐Briones Diego F. , Li Yujie , Zhang Guojin , Zhang Taikui , Huang Chien‐Hsun , Guo Peng , Zhang Kaiming , Wang Yihan , Wang Hongwei , Shang Fu‐De , Ma Hong 
Published: August 2023

Summary

Maleae is one of the most widespread tribes of Rosaceae and includes several important fruit crops and ornamental plants.

We used nuclear genes from 62 transcriptomes/genomes, including 26 newly generated transcriptomes, to reconstruct a well‐supported phylogeny and study the evolution of fruit and leaf morphology and the possible effect of whole genome duplication (WGD).

Our phylogeny recovered 11 well‐supported clades and supported the monophyly of most genera (except Malus, Sorbus, and Pourthiaea) with at least two sampled species. A WGD was located to the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of Maleae and dated to c. 54 million years ago (Ma) near the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum, supporting Gillenieae (x = 9) being a parental lineage of Maleae (x = 17) and including duplicate regulatory genes related to the origin of the fleshy pome fruit. Whole genome duplication‐derived paralogs that are retained in specific lineages but lost in others are predicted to function in development, metabolism, and other processes. An upshift of diversification and innovations of fruit and leaf morphologies occurred at the MRCA of the Malinae subtribe, coinciding with the Eocene–Oligocene transition (c. 34 Ma), following a lag from the time of the WGD event.

Our results provide new insights into the Maleae phylogeny, its rapid diversification, and morphological and molecular evolution.
Risk Factors of Nonfusion after Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion in the Early Postoperative Period: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Peng Zihan , Liu Li , Sheng Xiaqing , Liu Hao , Ding Chen , Wang Beiyu , Hong Ying , Pan Xiaoli , Meng Yang 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveAlthough high fusion rates have been reported for anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) in the medium and long term, the risk of nonfusion in the early period after ACDF remains substantial. This study investigates early risk factors for cage nonfusion in patients undergoing single‐ or multi‐level ACDF.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. From August 2020 to December 2021, 107 patients with ACDF, including 197 segments, were enrolled, with a follow‐up of 3 months. Among the 197 segments, 155 were diagnosed with nonfusion (Nonfusion group), and 42 were diagnosed with fusion (Fusion group) in the early period after ACDF. We assessed the significance of the patient‐specific factors, radiographic indicators, serum factors, and clinical outcomes. The Wilcoxon rank sum test, t‐tests, analysis of variance, and stepwise multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that smoking, insufficient improvement in the C2‐7 Cobb angle (p = 0.024) and the functional spinal unit Cobb angle (p = 0.022) between preoperative and postoperative stages and lower serum calcium (fusion: 2.34 ± 0.12 mmol/L; nonfusion: 2.28 ± 0.17 mmol/L, p = 0.003) β‐carboxyterminal telopeptide end of type 1 collagen (β‐CTX) (fusion: 0.51 [0.38, 0.71]; nonfusion: 0.43 [0.31, 0.57], p = 0.008), and N‐terminal fragment of osteocalcin (N‐MID‐BGP) (fusion: 18.30 [12.15, 22.60]; nonfusion: 14.45 [11.65, 18.60], p = 0.023) are risk factors for nonfusion in the early period after ACDF. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that poor C2‐7 Cobb angle improvement (odds ratio [OR], 1.107 [1.019–1.204], p = 0.017) and lower serum calcium (OR, 3.700 [1.138–12.032], p = 0.030) are risk factors.ConclusionsPatients with successful fusion after ACDF had higher preoperative serum calcium and improved C2‐7 Cobb angle than nonfusion patients at 3 months. These findings suggest that serum calcium could be used to identify patients at risk of nonfusion following ACDF and that correcting the C2‐7 Cobb angle during surgery could potentially increase fusion in the early period after ACDF.
Surgical Strategy and Outcomes of Full Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for Recurrent Lumbar Disk Herniation Following a Previous Full Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Houchen , Lin Antao , Zhang Hao , Ma Xuexiao 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveRecurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH) cannot be prevented after full endoscopic lumbar discectomy (FELD), and the optimal surgical treatment for RLDH after FELD remains controversial. The aim of the study was to suggest a surgical strategy for FELD to treat RLDH following a previous FELD and to present surgical outcomes.MethodsBetween February 2015 and March 2022, 68 patients with RLDH were surgically treated with FELD retrospectively. An original approach was suggested for the treatment of early recurrence (24 h‐2 weeks). The full endoscopic transforaminal technique (FETD) was considered for patients requiring local anesthesia, and in RLDH with FETD indications or FEID technological difficulties. The full endoscopic interlaminar technique (FEID) was chosen in RLDH with FEID indications. Both FEID and FETD were suitable if no FEID or FETD technological difficulties existed. Clinical efficacy was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) score, Oswestry disability index (ODI), and modified MacNab criteria. Postoperative follow‐up data at 24 h, 3 months, and final‐follow‐up were recorded. Operation time and clinical outcomes were assessed with t test. p‐value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAll 68 patients had an average follow‐up time of 23.8 months (range, 6–76 months). In the 13 cases of early recurrence, the operation time (32.30 ± 9.67 vs. 58.00 ± 6.16 min) in the original surgical approach group was shorter than that in the changing surgical approach group (p < 0.05). In the 28 cases of L4/5 FETD recurrence (>2 weeks), the operation time (66.17 ± 12.18 vs. 53.60 ± 5.45 min) in the FETD group was more than that in the FEID group (p < 0.05). In the 22 cases of L5S1 recurrence (>2 weeks), the operation time (55.75 ± 8.79 vs. 79.33 ± 6.65 min) in the FEID group was shorter than in the FETD group (p < 0.05). The postoperative VAS and ODI scores at 24 h, 3 months, and final‐follow up were all significantly improved, compared with their preoperative counterparts (p < 0.05). Based on the modified MacNab criteria, 88.23% of patients showed excellent or good results. Re‐recurrence occurred in three patients at 3 months. No surgical complications were observed in any of the 68 cases.ConclusionFELD is a safe and effective treatment option for RLDH with previous FELD. For early recurrence, the original approach was suggested. Both FEID and FETD were effective and safe for recurrence (>2 weeks), but FEID seemed more efficient for L4/5 RLDH after previous FETD and for L5S1 RLDH.
Domains Rearranged Methylase 2 maintains DNA methylation at large DNA hypomethylated shores and long‐range chromatin interactions in rice
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Huanhuan , Ma Yuning , Gao Baibai , Guan Pengpeng , Huang Xingyu , Ouyang Weizhi , Guo Minrong , Chen Guoting , Li Guoliang , Li Xingwang 
Published: August 2023

SummaryDNA methylation plays an important role in gene regulation and genomic stability. However, large DNA hypomethylated regions known as DNA methylation valleys (DMVs) or canyons have also been suggested to serve unique regulatory functions, largely unknown in rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we describe the DMVs in rice seedlings, which were highly enriched with developmental and transcription regulatory genes. Further detailed analysis indicated that grand DMVs (gDMVs) might be derived from nuclear integrants of organelle DNA (NORGs). Furthermore, Domains Rearranged Methylase 2 (OsDRM2) maintained DNA methylation at short DMV (sDMV) shores. Epigenetic maps indicated that sDMVs were marked with H3K4me3 and/or H3K27me3, although the loss of DNA methylation had a negligible effect on histone modification within these regions. In addition, we constructed H3K27me3‐associated interaction maps for homozygous T‐DNA insertion mutant of the gene (osdrm2) and wild type (WT). From a global perspective, most (90%) compartments were stable between osdrm2 and WT plants. At a high resolution, we observed a dramatic loss of long‐range chromatin loops in osdrm2, which suffered an extensive loss of non‐CG (CHG and CHH, H = A, T, or C) methylation. From another viewpoint, the loss of non‐CG methylation at sDMV shores in osdrm2 could disrupt H3K27me3‐mediated chromatin interaction networks. Overall, our results demonstrated that DMVs are a key genomic feature in rice and are precisely regulated by epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone modifications. OsDRM2 maintained DNA methylation at sDMV shores, while OsDRM2 deficiency strongly affected three‐dimensional (3D) genome architectures.
Political animals in the Modern World: An Investigation of the National Animal Symbol
Authors: Zhu Jintao , Ilsinger Gregor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNational symbols play a significant role in contemporary politics by shaping national identities. However, national animals receive little attention in the scholarship. This paper analysed the national animal’s history, strengths, formation and implications as a political symbol. It argues that using the animal as a national symbol has distinctive strengths because animal symbols have concrete traits and an interactive dimension. However, the national animals are not granted the same political significance in the formal institutional setting as other symbols because of the concern about exacerbating disunity between nations and potential undesirable international responses. Nonetheless, when the separatist movements of Catalonia and Flanders utilise the national animal, it does not face the same challenges and therefore has received more popularity from the nationals.
Ancient hybridization inCurcuma(Zingiberaceae)—Accelerator or brake in lineage diversifications?
Authors: Skopalíková Jana , Leong‐Škorničková Jana , Šída Otakar , Newman Mark , Chumová Zuzana , Zeisek Vojtěch , Jarolímová Vlasta , Poulsen Axel Dalberg , Dantas‐Queiroz Marcos V. , Fér Tomáš , Záveská Eliška 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYHybridization is a widespread phenomenon in the evolution of plants and exploring its role is crucial to understanding diversification processes of many taxonomic groups. Recently, more attention is focused on the role of ancient hybridization that has repeatedly been shown as triggers of evolutionary radiation, although in some cases, it can prevent further diversification. The causes, frequency, and consequences of ancient hybridization remain to be explored. Here, we present an account of several events of ancient hybridization in turmeric, the economically important plant genusCurcuma(Zingiberaceae), which harbors about 130 known species. We analyzed 1094 targeted low‐copy genes and plastomes obtained by next‐generation sequencing of 37 species ofCurcuma, representing the known genetic diversity and spanning the geographical distribution of the genus. Using phylogenetic network analysis, we show that the entire genusCurcumaas well as its most speciose lineage arose via introgression from the genusPyrgophyllumand one of the extinct lineages, respectively. We also document a single event of ancient hybridization, withC. vamanaas a product, that represents an evolutionary dead end. We further discuss distinct circumstances of those hybridization events that deal mainly with (in)congruence in chromosome counts of the parental lineages.
Structure Optimization and Cooling Performance of a Heat Sink With Discontinuous Triangular Ribs Impacted by Hybrid Nanofluid Confined Slot Jet Impingement
Authors: Tang Zhiguo , Yin Chao , Xiang Yi , Wang Qinsheng , Cheng Jianping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to the increased use of high heat flux electronic equipment, improving the heat transfer capacity and surface temperature uniformity of heat sinks have become a major concern. In this study, a novel confined slot jet impingement heat sink with discontinuous triangular ribs (CSJIHS-TR) in the wall impingement zone is proposed. The upper cover plate is angled to improve the ability of the heat sink to dissipate heat. A Cu-Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid is chosen as coolant. The main structural parameters of CSJIHS-TR are optimized using multi-objective. The optimized CSJIHS-TR is investigated using the Re and φ of the hybrid nanofluid. The results show that the optimized CSJIHS-TR exhibits an improved heat transfer capacity. The optimized CSJIHS-TR achieves a 27.8% improvement in performance evaluation criterion (PEC) and a 91.0% reduction in temperature standard deviation (Tstd) compared to the confined slot jet impingement flat-plate heat sink (CSJIFPHS). As Re of the jet impingement and φ of the hybrid nanofluid increase, the heat transfer capacity and temperature uniformity of the optimized CSJIHS-TR increase; however, the flow resistance of CSJIHS-TR also increases. In addition, compared with the mononanofluid, the temperature uniformity and the heat transfer capacity of the CSJIHS-TR with hybrid nanofluid are significantly improved.
Intravitreal bevacizumab improves trabeculectomy survival at 12 months: the bevacizumab in trabeculectomy study—a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Landers John A , Mullany Sean , Craig Jamie E 
Published: August 2023

AimsTo evaluate the effect of an intraoperative dose of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) on surgical success following trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C (MMC) over 12 months.MethodsA single centre, parallel, double-blinded randomised, placebo-controlled trial recruiting patients requiring trabeculectomy for progressing glaucoma. Patients were randomised to intravitreal bevacizumab or placebo.Main outcome measureThe primary outcome of treatment success was defined by ‘complete success’ when intraocular pressure (IOP) remained less than a predefined target IOP without the requirement of topical medication, or ‘qualified success’ where topical medication was required to meet the predefined target IOP threshold. Secondary outcomes included the need for subsequent IOP-lowering interventions, and structural parameters associated with bleb function.ResultsFrom 131 patients randomised to bevacizumab (n=65) or placebo (n=66), 128 patients completed 12 months of follow-up (98%). At 12 months, success rates were higher in the bevacizumab group (complete success: 94% vs 83%; p=0.015; qualified success: 98% vs 90%; p=0.033). Within the placebo group, the requirement for topical therapy was higher at 6 months (p=0.045) and 12 months (p=0.045), and the requirement for bleb needling was higher at 1 month (p=0.035). Blebs within the bevacizumab group were larger at 1 month (p<0.001) and demonstrated less vessel inflammation (p<0.0001).ConclusionBevacizumab given as a single intravitreal dose during trabeculectomy with MMC resulted in improved surgical success as 12 months. Furthermore, bevacizumab was associated with a significant reduction in the need for additional medication or further surgery to achieve target IOP. Bevacizumab was also associated with larger blebs that were less inflamed and required fewer subsequent interventions.Trial registration numberACTRN12614000375651.
Oxford brain health clinic: protocol and research database
Authors: O'Donoghue Melissa Clare , Blane Jasmine , Gillis Grace , Mitchell Robert , Lindsay Karen , Semple Juliet , Pretorius Pieter M , Griffanti Ludovica , Fossey Jane , Raymont Vanessa , Martos Lola , Mackay Clare E 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDespite major advances in the field of neuroscience over the last three decades, the quality of assessments available to patients with memory problems in later life has barely changed. At the same time, a large proportion of dementia biomarker research is conducted in selected research samples that often poorly reflect the demographics of the population of patients who present to memory clinics. The Oxford Brain Health Clinic (BHC) is a newly developed clinical assessment service with embedded research in which all patients are offered high-quality clinical and research assessments, including MRI, as standard.Methods and analysisHere we describe the BHC protocol, including aligning our MRI scans with those collected in the UK Biobank. We evaluate rates of research consent for the first 108 patients (data collection ongoing) and the ability of typical psychiatry-led NHS memory-clinic patients to tolerate both clinical and research assessments.Ethics and disseminationOur ethics and consenting process enables patients to choose the level of research participation that suits them. This generates high rates of consent, enabling us to populate a research database with high-quality data that will be disseminated through a national platform (the Dementias Platform UK data portal).
Routine use of a 3D mapping system in the ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias with as low as reasonably achievable X-ray exposure (AALARA): protocol for a prospective, observational, multicentre, multinational, open-label registry study
Authors: Szegedi Nandor , Kropotkin Evgeniy , Traykov Vassil , Abdrakhmanov Ayan , Lorgat Faizel , Sapelnikov Oleg , Simons Stefanie , Amin Mohammad I 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe reduction of fluoroscopic exposure during catheter ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias is widely adopted by experienced electrophysiology physicians with a relatively short learning curve and is becoming standard of care in many parts of the world. While observational studies in the USA and some parts of Western Europe have evaluated the minimal fluoroscopic approach, there are scarce real-world data for this technique and generalisability of outcome in other economic regions.Methods and analysisThe arrhythmias with as low as reasonably achievable X-ray exposure study is a prospective, observational, multicentre and multinational open-label registry study. Up to 700 patients undergoing catheter ablation for right-sided supraventricular arrhythmias (according to national guidelines) will be enrolled for the routine use of the EnSite Precision 3D mapping system. Participating sites are distributed in 13 countries from Central Eastern Europe, North and South Africa, the Middle East and the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States), with different levels of expertise using minimal fluoroscopic exposure techniques. After electrophysiological procedure, patients will be followed up for 6 months either in-clinic or via telephone interview. Patients will be asked to complete a study questionnaire at enrolment and 6 months after the invasive procedure to assess quality of life changes secondary to the procedure. The study’s primary objective is to describe ionising radiation exposure during catheter ablation when the EnSite Precision 3D mapping system is used in supraventricular tachycardia ablation. The study’s secondary objective is to assess the safety and efficacy of this method. Furthermore, fluoroscopy timing, total procedure time, success rate and complications will be reported.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the ethics committee at Mohammed Bin Khalifa Specialist Cardiac Centre (BDF/R&REC/2020-504) and the medical ethics committees of all participating sites. Participants will be required to provide informed consent before enrolment in the study. The study results will be published and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04716270