bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel bacterial proteolytic and metabolic activity associated with dental erosion-induced oral dysbiosis
Authors: Cleaver Leanne M. , Carda-Diéguez Miguel , Moazzez Rebeca , Carpenter Guy H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDental erosion is a disease of the oral cavity where acids cause a loss of tooth enamel and is defined as having no bacterial involvement. The tooth surface is protected from acid attack by salivary proteins that make up the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP). Bacteria have been shown to readily degrade salivary proteins, and some of which are present in the AEP. This study aimed to explore the role of bacteria in dental erosion using a multi-omics approach by comparing saliva collected from participants with dental erosion and healthy controls.ResultsSalivary proteomics was assessed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and demonstrated two altered AEP proteins in erosion, prolactin inducible protein (PIP), and zinc-alpha-2 glycoprotein (ZAG). Immunoblotting further suggested that degradation of PIP and ZAG is associated with erosion.Salivary microbiome analysis was performed by sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V1-V2 region, Illumina) and showed that participants with dental erosion had a significantly (p < 0.05) less diverse microbiome than healthy controls (observed and Shannon diversity). Sequencing of bacterial mRNA for gene expression (Illumina sequencing) demonstrated that genes over-expressed in saliva from erosion participants included H + proton transporter genes, and three protease genes (msrAB,vanY, andppdC). Salivary metabolomics was assessed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). Metabolite concentrations correlated with gene expression, demonstrating that the dental erosion group had strong correlations between metabolites associated with protein degradation and amino acid fermentation.ConclusionsWe conclude that microbial proteolysis of salivary proteins found in the protective acquired enamel pellicle strongly correlates with dental erosion, and we propose four novel microbial genes implicated in this process.
Acculturation strategies and blood cortisol in colombian Migrants in Chile
Authors: Urzúa Alfonso , Aragón Diego , Landabur Rodrigo , Henríquez Diego , Cortés Leonel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
migration is a worldwide phenomenon that is growing at an accelerated pace. When people who migrate come into contact with a new culture, they are immersed in a process called acculturation. In this process, people oscillate between maintaining their own culture or acquiring the culture and customs of the host country, resulting in the so-called acculturation strategies. According to Berry’s proposal, there are four main acculturation strategies: assimilation, integration, marginalization and separation. The few existing studies of Latinos in an Anglo-Saxon country relate the use of the integration strategy (biculturalism) with lower cortisol levels. No studies have been found on the subject in Latino migrants in a Latino country.

Method
a cross-sectional design was used to analyze the relationship between acculturation strategies and blood cortisol levels, based on the hypothesis that an integration strategy or biculturalism would be linked to lower cortisol levels. The study involved 314 Colombian migrants in Chile, who were evaluated with a scale of acculturation strategies according to the model proposed by Berry, in addition to providing blood samples to analyze cortisol levels.

Results
migrants who show a preference for leave behind the culture of the country of origin have higher levels of cortisol ng/ml in blood. According to multiple comparisons the mean cortisol value was significantly different between integrated and assimilated subjects, with the mean cortisol of the integrated being significantly lower than that of the subjects typed as marginalized.

Conclusion
The patterns of the relationship between biculturalism and cortisol found in Latino migrants in Anglo-Saxon countries are repeated in Latino migrants in a Latino country. It is necessary to explore the influence of other variables in this relationship, since it seems that the best adaptive strategy, and therefore the cortisol response, will vary according to the socio-cultural context of the host country.
Glandular trichome development, morphology, and maturation are influenced by plant age and genotype in high THC-containing cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) inflorescences
Authors: Punja Zamir K. , Sutton Darren B. , Kim Tommy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Glandular capitate trichomes which form on bract tissues of female inflorescences of high THC-containing Cannabis sativa L. plants are important sources of terpenes and cannabinoids. The influence of plant age and cannabis genotype on capitate trichome development, morphology, and maturation has not been extensively studied. Knowledge of the various developmental changes that occur in trichomes over time and the influence of genotype and plant age on distribution, numbers, and morphological features should lead to a better understanding of cannabis quality and consistency.

Methods
Bract tissues of two genotypes—“Moby Dick” and “Space Queen”—were examined from 3 weeks to 8 weeks of flower development using light and scanning electron microscopy. Numbers of capitate trichomes on upper and lower bract surfaces were recorded at different positions within the inflorescence. Observations on distribution, extent of stalk formation, glandular head diameter, production of resin, and extent of dehiscence and senescence were made at various time points. The effects of post-harvesting handling and drying on trichome morphology were examined in an additional five genotypes.

Results
Two glandular trichome types—bulbous and capitate (sessile or stalked)—were observed. Capitate trichome numbers and stalk length were significantly (P = 0.05) greater in “Space Queen” compared to “Moby Dick” at 3 and 6 weeks of flower development. Significantly more stalked-capitate trichomes were present on lower compared to upper bract surfaces at 6 weeks in both genotypes, while sessile-capitate trichomes predominated at 3 weeks. Epidermal and hypodermal cells elongated to different extents during stalk formation, producing significant variation in length (from 20 to 1100 μm). Glandular heads ranged from 40 to 110 μm in diameter. Maturation of stalked-capitate glandular heads was accompanied by a brown color development, reduced UV autofluorescence, and head senescence and dehiscence. Secreted resinous material from glandular heads appeared as droplets on the cuticular surface that caused many heads to stick together or collapse. Trichome morphology was affected by the drying process.

Conclusion
Capitate trichome numbers, development, and degree of maturation were influenced by cannabis genotype and plant age. The observations of trichome development indicate that asynchronous formation leads to different stages of trichome maturity on bracts. Trichome stalk lengths also varied between the two genotypes selected for study as well as over time. The variability in developmental stage and maturation between genotypes can potentially lead to variation in total cannabinoid levels in final product. Post-harvest handling and drying were shown to affect trichome morphology.
Long-Term Surgical Outcome of Indirect Bypass Surgery in Young Children With Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Ha Eun Jin , Phi Ji Hoon , Lee Ji Yeoun , Koh Eun Jung , Kim Kyung Hyun , Wang Kyu-Chang , Cho Byung-Kyu , Kim Seung-Ki 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
The prognosis of moyamoya disease (MMD) in young children (younger than 4 years) is worse than that of older adults. The effectiveness of surgery is still inconclusive.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate long-term outcomes after indirect bypass in young children with MMD.

METHODS:
A total of 1417 MMD children underwent indirect bypass from August 1988 to October 2020. This study included 135 patients who were younger than 4 years at the time of surgery. The clinical features and surgical outcomes of these patients were assessed. We analyzed the long-term outcome of 102 children who were followed up for more than 5 years (mean: 18.8 years, range: 5-27.3 years). Cross-sectional analysis was performed to evaluate overall outcomes based on the Lansky Play Performance Scale (LPS). The annual risk of symptomatic stroke after surgery was calculated with a person-year method, and the event-free survival rate was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTS:
The overall clinical outcome was favorable (LPS ≥ 80) in 88% of the patients. The overall postoperative adverse event rate was 15%, including 1 death. At the last follow-up, 86% of patients who had seizures at diagnosis were seizure-free. During the follow-up, there were 3 symptomatic infarctions on the operated hemisphere (postoperative 3, 3, and 10 months each). There was no hemorrhagic event. The annual infarction rate was 0.16% per person-year. The 20-year event-free survival rates for symptomatic infarction were 97%.

CONCLUSION:
Indirect bypass could provide a satisfactory long-term outcome and prevent recurrent stroke in young children with MMD.
Imaging features of the renal lymphoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Almousa Shaden Saleh , Ashraf Ammar , Abdelrahman Ahmed Mohamed , Yacoubi Mohamed Tahar 
Published: April 2023

Renal affection is common in disseminated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) which is known as secondary renal lymphoma (SRL). Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) is an exceedingly uncommon disease, which accounts for less than 1% of all renal masses. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of NHL in both primary as well as secondary renal lymphomas. PRL is of paramount importance clinically as it is usually managed with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by nephrectomy in contrast to the more frequently seen renal cell carcinoma, which is treated surgically. This outstanding difference in management challenges the longstanding approach that preoperative biopsies are not mandatory prior to nephrectomy for renal masses. Because of its relative rarity, the imaging features of PRL have been described in a few studies, and having an understanding of these typical imaging patterns is crucial for making an accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other renal malignancies. Here, we present a case of a secondary renal lymphoma and discuss its differential imaging features.
Macro e microrregulação: a avaliação em larga escala e alguns efeitos sobre o currículo
Authors: Lacerda Lucchesi Maria Eliéte , Conti Celso Luiz Aparecido 
Published: April 2023

As políticas públicas educacionais têm se configurado como um novo modelo de regulação do Estado, expresso de maneira vigorosa na avaliação em larga escala e na organização curricular. Há, desse modo, uma forma de macrorregulação que atinge especialmente as escolas, onde se observam também microrregulações, caracterizadas pela ação dos agentes escolares. Nessa perspectiva, por meio de estudos teóricos e pesquisa de campo realizada em uma escola pública municipal de Educação Básica, em município do interior do estado de São Paulo, no Brasil, este trabalho de investigação tem como objetivo analisar, em face da avaliação em larga escala denominada PROVA BRASIL, as microrregulações presentes no interior da referida unidade escolar a fim de identificar em que ações dos gestores escolares e de alguns professores elas estão presentes, como elas ocorrem, em que âmbitos de atividades e, por fim, seus motivos e suas lógicas próprias. A análise dos dados, obtidos por meio de entrevistas com professoras e gestoras e por meio de grupo focal com as professoras, permitiu identificar estratégias de ação das professoras e gestoras, nos planos formal e informal, bem como os interesses que impulsionam essas estratégias, gerando, a longo prazo, lógicas de ação, no cotidiano escolar, que orientam a conduta na escola, em especial em relação às práticas curriculares.
Blood profiles of African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed diets supplemented with three strains of Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Diyaolu Daniel Olusegun , Fasakin Emmanuel A. , Adebayo Olabode T. 
Published: April 2023

A 10-week feeding trial was carried out to evaluate strain-specific effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on blood profiles of African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. A catfish diet was formulated and divided into five portions (experimental diets). The first portion served as control (with no probiotic added to it, labeled as NP) while the second portion received 2.5g kg-1 multi-species commercial probiotics (CP). The third, fourth and fifth portions were the experimental diets that contained 2×109cfu/g of L. plantarum strains of ascension numbers LC333558, LC333559 and LC333560, and labeled as LP58, LP59 and LP60, respectively. Fifteen apparently healthy C gariepinus fingerlings (4.86±0.59g) were stocked in an experimental tank of 70 litres capacity, while the experimental feed was fed to the fish in triplicate tanks. Similar rearing conditions were maintained in all experimental tanks. The results showed significant (p0.05) difference between the fish fed control diet and probiotics supplementation diets in some of the haematological parameters examined. Probiotics supplementations did not affect total and differential leukocytes among different experimental groups. Except for RBC counts, fish groups fed with strains LB59 and LB60 had similar effects and appeared to have better haematological values than groups fed with LB58. Strains-specific effect of L. planatrum was also observed in creatinine levels among the experimental groups. Hence, it can be concluded that strains of L. plantarum affected some haematological parameters of C. gariepinus fingerlings positively, while dietary supplementation of L. plantarum LC333559 strain could be employed to improve haematological parameters of C. gariepinus fingerlings.
Determination of the coefficient of thermal expansion of ultra-low-expansion glass using an ultrasonic immersion testing method
Authors: Wei Wenqing , Qi Xue , Deng Hu , Shang Liping , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Hong 
Published: April 2023

The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ultra-low-expansion (ULE)
glass is critical to the development of precision optical systems.
Herein, an ultrasonic immersion pulse-reflection method is proposed to
characterize the CTE of ULE glass. The ultrasonic longitudinal wave
velocity of ULE-glass samples with significantly different CTE values
was measured using a correlation algorithm combined with
moving-average filtering, which can achieve 0.2 m/s precision
with a contribution to the ultrasonic CTE measurement uncertainty of
0.47 ppb/°C. Furthermore, the established ultrasonic CTE
measurement model predicted the 5°C–35°C mean CTE with a
root-mean-square error of 0.9 ppb/°C. Notably, a complete
uncertainty analysis methodology was established in this paper, which
can provide directional guidance for the subsequent development of
higher-performance measurement devices and the improvement of relevant
signal processing procedures.
The first diagnostic excellence conference in Japan
Authors: Shimizu Taro , Harada Yukinori 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In February 2023, the first national conference on Diagnostic Excellence was held in Japan. As the conference covered a wide range of academic areas, we placed particular emphasis on topics related to excellence in physicians’ clinical reasoning. This focus reflected the culture of Japanese medical professionals, especially of physicians, who have shown passion for clinical diagnosis for decades, having held non-profit voluntary multi-institutional conferences during off-duty hours. Of the over 1,400 participants who attended the two-day conference, 80% were generalist physicians and residents, 10% were medical students, and the remainder were healthcare professionals and participants from other academic areas. Given the background of Japanese physicians’ passion for clinical diagnosis, the conference organizers believed that focusing on the diagnostic thinking of physicians as part of the Diagnostic Excellence concept would have strong appeal to participants. Simultaneously, the organizers believed that it was important to target participants in their 20s–40s, and made efforts to utilize social networking services and advertising strategies, including creating individual posters with the help of professional designers. On reflection after the conference, consideration of the local characteristics of the population, particularly their interest in the target population, and the expansion of the conference’s focus to include younger participants may have served as drivers of the success of the conference. This outcome of the conference in Asia is an intriguing step in the world deployment strategy of Diagnostic Excellence, and is expected to promote cooperation among Asia and the United States, Europe, and Oceania.
The crystal structure of iguratimod-dimethylformamide (1/1), C17H14N2O6S·C3H7NO
Authors: Ma Wen-Jing , Wang Hao , Wang Zhen-Yu , Long Yu-Xuan , Wang Xin-Qi , Ma Qian , Xu Cui-Ran , Ma Yu-Heng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
C17H14N2O6S·C3H7NO, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 5.4146(4) Å, b = 11.7925(8) Å, c = 16.9527(12) Å, α = 85.238(2)°, β = 86.674(4)°, γ = 78.959(2)°, V = 1057.77(13) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0418, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1175, T = 296(2) K.
Role of La-based perovskite catalysts in environmental pollution remediation
Authors: Jain Anusha , Tamhankar Sarang , Jaiswal Yash 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Since the advent of the industrial revolution, there has been a constant need of efficient catalysts for abatement of industrial toxic pollutants. This phenomenon necessitated the development of eco-friendly, stable, and economically feasible catalytic materials like lanthanum-based perovskite-type oxides (PTOs) having well-defined crystal structure, excellent thermal, and structural stability, exceptional ionic conductivity, redox behavior, and high tunability. In this review, applicability of La-based PTOs in remediation of pollutants, including CO, NO
x
and VOCs was addressed. A framework for rationalizing reaction mechanism, substitution effect, preparation methods, support, and catalyst shape has been discussed. Furthermore, reactant conversion efficiencies of best PTOs have been compared with noble-metal catalysts for each application. The catalytic properties of the perovskites including electronic and structural properties have been extensively presented. We highlight that a robust understanding of electronic structure of PTOs will help develop perovskite catalysts for other environmental applications involving oxidation or redox reactions.
The CEP170B‐KIF2A complex destabilizes microtubule minus ends to generate polarized microtubule network
Authors: Guan Cuirong , Hua Shasha , Jiang Kai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrotubule (MT) minus ends are stabilized by CAMSAP family proteins at noncentrosomal MT‐organizing centers. Despite progress in identifying diverse positive regulators, knowledge on the negative regulation of the MT minus‐end distribution is lacking. Here, we identify CEP170B as a MT minus‐end‐binding protein that colocalizes with the microtubule‐stabilizing complex at the cortical patches. CEP170B depends on the scaffold protein liprin‐α1 for its cortical targeting and requires liprin‐α1‐bound PP2A phosphatase for its MT localization. CEP170B excludes CAMSAPs‐stabilized MT minus ends from the cell periphery in HeLa cells and the basal cortex in human epithelial cells and is required for directional vesicle trafficking and cyst formation in 3D culture. Reconstitution experiments demonstrate that CEP170B autonomously tracks growing MT minus ends and blocks minus‐end growth. Furthermore, CEP170B in a complex with the kinesin KIF2A acts as a potent MT minus‐end depolymerase capable of antagonizing the stabilizing effect of CAMSAPs. Our study uncovers an antagonistic mechanism for controlling the spatial distribution of MT minus ends, which contributes to the establishment of polarized MT network and cell polarity.
Pathological variants in TOP3A cause distinct disorders of mitochondrial and nuclear genome stability
Authors: Erdinc Direnis , Rodríguez‐Luis Alejandro , Fassad Mahmoud R , Mackenzie Sarah , Watson Christopher M , Valenzuela Sebastian , Xie Xie , Menger Katja E , Sergeant Kate , Craig Kate , Hopton Sila , Falkous Gavin ,   Genomics England Research Consortium, Poulton Joanna , Garcia‐Moreno Hector , Giunti Paola , de Moura Aschoff Carlos A , Morales Saute Jonas A , Kirby Amelia J , Toro Camilo , Wolfe Lynne , Novacic Danica , Greenbaum Lior , Eliyahu Aviva , Barel Ortal , Anikster Yair , McFarland Robert , Gorman Gráinne S , Schaefer Andrew M , Gustafsson Claes M , Taylor Robert W , Falkenberg Maria , Nicholls Thomas J 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTopoisomerase 3α (TOP3A) is an enzyme that removes torsional strain and interlinks between DNA molecules. TOP3A localises to both the nucleus and mitochondria, with the two isoforms playing specialised roles in DNA recombination and replication respectively. Pathogenic variants in TOP3A can cause a disorder similar to Bloom syndrome, which results from bi‐allelic pathogenic variants in BLM, encoding a nuclear‐binding partner of TOP3A. In this work, we describe 11 individuals from 9 families with an adult‐onset mitochondrial disease resulting from bi‐allelic TOP3A gene variants. The majority of patients have a consistent clinical phenotype characterised by bilateral ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, myopathy and axonal sensory‐motor neuropathy. We present a comprehensive characterisation of the effect of TOP3A variants, from individuals with mitochondrial disease and Bloom‐like syndrome, upon mtDNA maintenance and different aspects of enzyme function. Based on these results, we suggest a model whereby the overall severity of the TOP3A catalytic defect determines the clinical outcome, with milder variants causing adult‐onset mitochondrial disease and more severe variants causing a Bloom‐like syndrome with mitochondrial dysfunction in childhood.