bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients with ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis show different serological autoantibody repertoires and autoantibody associations with disease activity
Authors: Cunningham Kevin Y. , Hur Benjamin , Gupta Vinod K. , Arment Courtney A. , Wright Kerry A. , Mason Thomas G. , Peterson Lynne S. , Bekele Delamo I. , Schaffer Daniel E. , Bailey Marissa L. , Delger Kara E. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Myasoedova Elena , Zeng Hu , Rodriguez Moses , Weyand Cornelia M. , Davis John M. , Sung Jaeyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can test either positive or negative for circulating anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and are thereby categorized as ACPA-positive (ACPA+) or ACPA-negative (ACPA−), respectively. In this study, we aimed to elucidate a broader range of serological autoantibodies that could further explain immunological differences between patients with ACPA+ RA and ACPA− RA. On serum collected from adult patients with ACPA+ RA (n = 32), ACPA− RA (n = 30), and matched healthy controls (n = 30), we used a highly multiplex autoantibody profiling assay to screen for over 1600 IgG autoantibodies that target full-length, correctly folded, native human proteins. We identified differences in serum autoantibodies between patients with ACPA+ RA and ACPA− RA compared with healthy controls. Specifically, we found 22 and 19 autoantibodies with significantly higher abundances in ACPA+ RA patients and ACPA− RA patients, respectively. Among these two sets of autoantibodies, only one autoantibody (anti-GTF2A2) was common in both comparisons; this provides further evidence of immunological differences between these two RA subgroups despite sharing similar symptoms. On the other hand, we identified 30 and 25 autoantibodies with lower abundances in ACPA+ RA and ACPA− RA, respectively, of which 8 autoantibodies were common in both comparisons; we report for the first time that the depletion of certain autoantibodies may be linked to this autoimmune disease. Functional enrichment analysis of the protein antigens targeted by these autoantibodies showed an over-representation of a range of essential biological processes, including programmed cell death, metabolism, and signal transduction. Lastly, we found that autoantibodies correlate with Clinical Disease Activity Index, but associate differently depending on patients’ ACPA status. In all, we present candidate autoantibody biomarker signatures associated with ACPA status and disease activity in RA, providing a promising avenue for patient stratification and diagnostics.
Pyrazole derivatives of pyridine and naphthyridine as proapoptotic agents in cervical and breast cancer cells
Authors: Alharthy Rima D. , Rashid Faisal , Ashraf Abida , Shafiq Zahid , Ford Steven , al-Rashida Mariya , Yaqub Muhammad , Iqbal Jamshed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The increasing prevalence and resistance to chemotherapy is responsible for driving the search of novel molecules to combat this disease. In search of novel compounds with pro-apoptotic potential, pyrazolo-pyridine and pyrazolo-naphthyridine derivatives were investigated against cervical cancer (HeLa) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. The anti-proliferative activity was determined through the MTT assay. Potent compounds were then analyzed for their cytotoxic and apoptotic activity through a lactate dehydrogenase assay and fluorescence microscopy after propidium iodide and DAPI staining. Flow cytometry was used to determine cell cycle arrest in treated cells and pro-apoptotic effect was verified through measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases. Compounds 5j and 5k were found to be most active against HeLa and MCF-7 cells, respectively. G0/G1 cell cycle arrest was observed in treated cancer cells. Morphological features of apoptosis were also confirmed, and an increased oxidative stress indicated the involvement of reactive oxygen species in apoptosis. The compound-DNA interaction studies demonstrated an intercalative mode of binding and the comet assay confirmed the DNA damaging effects. Finally, potent compounds demonstrated a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and increased levels of activated caspase-9 and -3/7 confirmed the induction of apoptosis in treated HeLa and MCF-7 cells. The present work concludes that the active compounds 5j and 5k may be used as lead candidates for the development of lead drug molecules against cervical and breast cancer.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A fractional order nonlinear
model of the love story of Layla and Majnun
Authors: Sabir Zulqurnain , Said Salem Ben 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, a fractional order mathematical model using the romantic
relations of the Layla and Majnun is numerically simulated by the Levenberg–Marquardt
backpropagation neural networks. The fractional order derivatives provide more realistic
solutions as compared to integer order derivatives of the mathematical model based on
the romantic relationship of the Layla and Majnun. The mathematical formulation of this
model has four categories that are based on the system of nonlinear equations. The
exactness of the stochastic scheme is observed for solving the romantic mathematical
system using the comparison of attained and Adam results. The data for testing,
authorization, and training is provided as 15%, 75% and 10%, along with the twelve
numbers of hidden neurons. Furthermore, the reducible value of the absolute error
improves the accuracy of the designed stochastic solver. To prove the reliability of
scheme, the numerical measures are presented using correlations, error histograms, state
transitions, and regression.
Unsigned surprise but not reward magnitude modulates the integration of motor elements during actions
Authors: Jamous Roula , Takacs Adam , Frings Christian , Münchau Alexander , Mückschel Moritz , Beste Christian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt seems natural that motor responses unfold smoothly and that we are able to easily concatenate different components of movements to achieve goal-directed actions. Theoretical frameworks suggest that different motor features have to be bound to each other to achieve a coherent action. Yet, the nature of the “glue” (i.e., bindings) between elements constituting a motor sequence and enabling a smooth unfolding of motor acts is not well understood. We examined in how far motor feature bindings are affected by reward magnitude or the effects of an unsigned surprise signal. We show that the consistency of action file binding strength is modulated by unsigned surprise, but not by reward magnitude. On a conceptual and theoretical level, the results provide links between frameworks, which have until now not been brought into connection. In particular, theoretical accounts stating that only the unexpectedness (surprisingness) is essential for action control are connected to meta-control accounts of human action control.
Association of circulating serum free bioavailable and total vitamin D with cathelicidin levels among active TB patients and household contacts
Authors: Acen Ester Lilian , Worodria William , Kateete David Patrick , Olum Ronald , Joloba Moses L. , Akintola Ashraf , Bbuye Mudarshiru , Andia Irene Biraro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe free hormone hypothesis postulates that the estimation of free circulating 25 (OH)D may be a better marker of vitamin D status and is of clinical importance compared to total vitamin D fraction. The unbound fraction is involved in biological activities since it is able to penetrate into the cell. Studies have shown that cathelicidin/LL-37 inhibits the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a vitamin D-dependent manner and therefore adequate vitamin D is required for its expression. The study aimed to determine the association between serum bioavailable and total vitamin D with LL-37 levels in ATB patients, LTBI, and individuals with no TB infection. This was a cross-sectional study in which bioavailable vitamin D and LL-37 levels were measured using competitive ELISA kits and total vitamin D was measured using electrochemilumiscence and consequently determined their association. The mean (SD) bioavailable vitamin D levels of the study participants were 3.8 ng/mL (2.6) and the median (IQR) of LL-37 levels were 320 ng/mL (160, 550 ng/mL). The mean (SD) of total vitamin D levels was 19.0 ng/mL (8.3) ng/mL. Similar weak correlations were observed between the bioavailable and total vitamin D with LL-37 levels, therefore, deviating from our hypothesis.
Sex differences in post-exercise fatigue and function in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Friedberg Fred , Adamowicz Jenna L. , Bruckenthal Patricia , Milazzo Maria , Ramjan Sameera , Zhang Xiaoyue , Yang Jie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo assess biobehavioral sex differences in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) utilizing a low burden exercise protocol, 22 females and 15 males with ME/CFS and 14 healthy controls underwent two six-min walk tests. Fifteen daily assessments were scheduled for fatigue and function ratings and heart monitoring. Six-min walk tests were conducted on days 8 and 9. The ME/CFS group showed high self-report fatigue and impaired physical function, whereas healthy controls did not show fatigue or function abnormalities. In patients, no significant post-exercise changes were found for heart rate variability (HRV); however, heart rate decreased in ME/CFS males from Day 14 to Day 15 (p = 0.046). Female patients showed increased fatigue (p = 0.006) after the initial walk test, but a downward slope (p = 0.008) in fatigue following the second walk test. Male patients showed a decrease in self-report work limitation in the days after exercise (p = 0.046). The healthy control group evidenced a decrease in HRV after the walk tests from Day 9–14 (p = 0.038). This pilot study did not confirm hypotheses that females as compared to males would show slower exercise recovery on autonomic or self-report (e.g. fatigue) measures. A more exertion-sensitive test may be required to document prolonged post-exertional abnormalities in ME/CFS.Trial registration: NCT NCT03331419.
Comparable GHG emissions from animals in wildlife and livestock-dominated savannas
Authors: Manzano Pablo , del Prado Agustín , Pardo Guillermo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPastoralism in Old World savannas is known to emit a significant share of global livestock-sourced greenhouse gases (GHG). Here, we compare calculated emissions from animals in a wildlife-dominated savanna (14.3 Mg km−2), to those in an adjacent land with similar ecological characteristics but under pastoralism (12.8 Mg km−2). The similar estimates for both, wildlife and pastoralism (76.2 vs 76.5 Mg CO2-eq km−2), point out an intrinsic association of emissions with herbivore ecological niches. Considering natural baseline or natural background emissions in grazing systems has important implications in the analysis of global food systems.
Enhanced impact of the Aleutian Low on increasing the Central Pacific ENSO in recent decades
Authors: Chen Shangfeng , Chen Wen , Yu Bin , Wu Renguang , Graf Hans-F. , Chen Lin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, we reveal a marked enhanced impact of the early-spring Aleutian Low (AL) on the following winter El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) after the late-1990s. This enhanced impact of the early-spring AL may have an important contribution to the increased emergence of the central Pacific ENSO during recent decades. After the late-1990s, decrease (increase) in the early-spring AL strength tends to induce an anomalous cyclone (anticyclone) over subtropical North Pacific via wave-mean flow interaction. The associated westerly (easterly) wind anomalies to the south side of the subtropical anomalous cyclone (anticyclone) over the tropical western Pacific contribute to occurrence of central Pacific-like El Niño (La Niña) in the following winter via tropical Bjerknes feedback. Further, the subtropical anomalous cyclone (anticyclone) leads to sea surface temperature (SST) increase (decrease) in the equatorial Pacific in the following summer via wind-evaporation-SST (WES) feedback, which further contributes to succeeding central Pacific-like El Niño (La Niña). Enhanced impact of early-spring AL on ENSO is attributable to enhancement of the mean circulation over the North Pacific, which leads to increased wave-mean flow interaction and strengthened WES feedback after the late-1990s. The results offer the potential to advance our understanding of the factors for the reduced prediction skill of ENSO since the late-1990s.
Multi-tissue DNA methylation aging clocks for sea lions, walruses and seals
Authors: Robeck Todd R. , Haghani Amin , Fei Zhe , Lindemann Dana M. , Russell Jennifer , Herrick Kelsey E. S. , Montano Gisele , Steinman Karen J. , Katsumata Etsuko , Zoller Joseph A. , Horvath Steve 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAge determination of wild animals, including pinnipeds, is critical for accurate population assessment and management. For most pinnipeds, current age estimation methodologies utilize tooth or bone sectioning which makes antemortem estimations problematic. We leveraged recent advances in the development of epigenetic age estimators (epigenetic clocks) to develop highly accurate pinniped epigenetic clocks. For clock development, we applied the mammalian methylation array to profile 37,492 cytosine-guanine sites (CpGs) across highly conserved stretches of DNA in blood and skin samples (n = 171) from primarily three pinniped species representing the three phylogenetic families: Otariidae, Phocidae and Odobenidae. We built an elastic net model with Leave-One-Out-Cross Validation (LOOCV) and one with a Leave-One-Species-Out-Cross-Validation (LOSOCV). After identifying the top 30 CpGs, the LOOCV produced a highly correlated (r = 0.95) and accurate (median absolute error = 1.7 years) age estimation clock. The LOSOCV elastic net results indicated that blood and skin clock (r = 0.84) and blood (r = 0.88) pinniped clocks could predict age of animals from pinniped species not used for clock development to within 3.6 and 4.4 years, respectively. These epigenetic clocks provide an improved and relatively non-invasive tool to determine age in skin or blood samples from all pinniped species.
Triglyceride cycling enables modification of stored fatty acids
Authors: Wunderling Klaus , Zurkovic Jelena , Zink Fabian , Kuerschner Lars , Thiele Christoph 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTriglyceride cycling is the process of continuous degradation and re-synthesis of triglyceride in cellular stores. We show in 3T3-L1 adipocytes that triglycerides are subject to rapid turnover and re-arrangement of fatty acids with an estimated half-life of 2–4 h. We develop a tracing technology that can simultaneously and quantitatively follow the metabolism of multiple fatty acids to study the triglyceride futile substrate cycle directly and with molecular species resolution. Our approach is based on alkyne fatty acid tracers and mass spectrometry. The triglyceride cycling is connected to modification of released fatty acids by elongation and desaturation. Through cycling and modification, saturated fatty acids are slowly converted to monounsaturated fatty acids, and linoleic acid to arachidonic acid. We conclude that triglyceride cycling renders stored fatty acids accessible for metabolic alteration. The overall process facilitates cellular adjustments to the stored fatty acid pool to meet changing needs of the cell.
Global survey shows planners use widely varying sea-level rise projections for coastal adaptation
Authors: Hirschfeld Daniella , Behar David , Nicholls Robert J. , Cahill Niamh , James Thomas , Horton Benjamin P. , Portman Michelle E. , Bell Rob , Campo Matthew , Esteban Miguel , Goble Bronwyn , Rahman Munsur , Addo Kwasi Appeaning , Chundeli Faiz Ahmed , Aunger Monique , Babitsky Orly , Beal Anders , Boyle Ray , Fang Jiayi , Gohar Amir , Hanson Susan , Karamesines Saul , Kim M. J. , Lohmann Hilary , McInnes Kathy , Mimura Nobuo , Ramsay Doug , Wenger Landis , Yokoki Hiromune 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncluding sea-level rise (SLR) projections in planning and implementing coastal adaptation is crucial. Here we analyze the first global survey on the use of SLR projections for 2050 and 2100. Two-hundred and fifty-three coastal practitioners engaged in adaptation/planning from 49 countries provided complete answers to the survey which was distributed in nine languages – Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese and Spanish. While recognition of the threat of SLR is almost universal, only 72% of respondents currently utilize SLR projections. Generally, developing countries have lower levels of utilization. There is no global standard in the use of SLR projections: for locations using a standard data structure, 53% are planning using a single projection, while the remainder are using multiple projections, with 13% considering a low-probability high-end scenario. Countries with histories of adaptation and consistent national support show greater assimilation of SLR projections into adaptation decisions. This research provides new insights about current planning practices and can inform important ongoing efforts on the application of the science that is essential to the promotion of effective adaptation.
Cold temperature extends longevity and prevents disease-related protein aggregation through PA28γ-induced proteasomes
Authors: Lee Hyun Ju , Alirzayeva Hafiza , Koyuncu Seda , Rueber Amirabbas , Noormohammadi Alireza , Vilchez David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAging is a primary risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders that involve protein aggregation. Because lowering body temperature is one of the most effective mechanisms to extend longevity in both poikilotherms and homeotherms, a better understanding of cold-induced changes can lead to converging modifiers of pathological protein aggregation. Here, we find that cold temperature (15 °C) selectively induces the trypsin-like activity of the proteasome in Caenorhabditis elegans through PSME-3, the worm orthologue of human PA28γ/PSME3. This proteasome activator is required for cold-induced longevity and ameliorates age-related deficits in protein degradation. Moreover, cold-induced PA28γ/PSME-3 diminishes protein aggregation in C. elegans models of age-related diseases such as Huntington’s and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Notably, exposure of human cells to moderate cold temperature (36 °C) also activates trypsin-like activity through PA28γ/PSME3, reducing disease-related protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. Together, our findings reveal a beneficial role of cold temperature that crosses evolutionary boundaries with potential implications for multi-disease prevention.
Ladder-shaped microfluidic system for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing
Authors: Nguyen Ann V. , Yaghoobi Mohammad , Azizi Morteza , Davaritouchaee Maryam , Simpson Kenneth W. , Abbaspourrad Alireza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRapid identification of antibiotic-resistant bacteria will play a key role in solving the global antibiotic crisis by providing a route to targeted antibiotic administration. However, current bacterial infection diagnoses take up to 3 days which can lead to antibiotic treatment that is less effective. Here we report a microfluidic system with a ladder shaped design allowing us to generate a twofold serial dilution of antibiotics comparable to current national and international standards. Our consolidated design, with minimal handling steps cuts down the testing time for antibiotic susceptibility from 16–20 h to 4–5 h. Our feasibility testing results are consistent with the commercial antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) results, showing a 91.75% rate of agreement for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial isolated from canine urinary tract infections (UTI) and may be used without prior isolation or enrichment. This platform provides an adaptable and efficient diagnostic tool for antibiotic susceptibility testing.
Optimal energy management of CHP‐based microgrid examining different types of district heating networks
Authors: Ahmadi Pourya , Rastegar Hasan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeat recovery by combined heat and power (CHP) systems to provide heat load reduces the cost of microgrid (MG) energy management. However, heat transfer from CHP systems to consumers is limited due to the heat loss of pipelines. The amount of heat loss varies depending on pipeline material and environmental characteristics. Here, a day‐ahead energy management of CHP‐based microgrid, including various types of CHP systems to supply electrical and thermal loads, is performed. In this regard, the accurate model of heat transfer losses (HTL) through pipelines in the energy management problem is considered. Moreover, the optimal scheduling of different types of MGs in terms of HTL specifications is compared with each other. Evaluating the simulation results, it is inferred that accurate modeling of HTL in the energy management problem has a significant impact on the optimal scheduling and operation cost of MG. To solve the optimization problem, a new enhanced imperialist competitive algorithm (E‐ICA) is examined and validated. The E‐ICA method improves the efficiency of the classical ICA method to prevent getting stuck in local optimums by enhancing exploration and exploitation. The results of the energy management problem show E‐ICA superiority compared to other evolutionary algorithms.
Imaging of Anatomical Variants Around the Wrist and Hand
Authors: Zaottini Federico , Picasso Riccardo , Pistoia Federico , Pansecchi Michelle , Tovt Luca , Macciò Marta , Sanguinetti Sara , Martinoli Carlo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWrist and hand anatomy may present several clinically relevant variants that involve bones, muscles, tendons, and nerves. Thorough knowledge of these abnormalities and their appearance in imaging studies is useful for proper management. In particular, it is necessary to differentiate the incidental findings that do not represent a trigger for a specific syndrome from those anomalies causing symptoms and functional impairment. This review reports the most common anatomical variants encountered in clinical practice and briefly discusses their embryogenesis, related clinical syndrome if present, and their appearance using different imaging techniques. The information each diagnostic study (ultrasonography, radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) may provide is described for each condition.
Imaging of Anatomical Variants of the Lower Limb Nerves: Clinical and Preoperative Relevance
Authors: Honold Sarah , Honis Hanne-Rose , Gruber Hannes , Konschake Marko , Moriggl Bernhard , Loizides Alexander 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnatomical variants of peripheral nerves of the lower limb are relatively frequent and vulnerable to injury if not considered by the surgeon. Surgical procedures or percutaneous injections are often performed without knowing the anatomical situation. In a patient with normal anatomy, these procedures are mostly performed smoothly without major nerve complications. But in the case of anatomical variants, surgery may be challenging as “new” anatomical prerequisites complicate the procedure. In this context, high-resolution ultrasonography as the first-line imaging modality to depict peripheral nerves, has become a helpful adjunct in the preoperative setting. It is crucial, on the one hand, to gain knowledge of anatomical nerve variants and, on the other hand, to depict the anatomical situation preoperatively, to minimize the risk of surgical trauma to a nerve and make surgeries safer.