bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of the Midi Parasep® SF technique for the detection of L1 larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in faeces of infected rats
Authors: Galán-Puchades M. Teresa , Sáez-Durán S. , Gómez-Samblás M. , Osuna A. , Bueno-Marí R. , Fuentes M.V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We investigated parasitic zoonoses caused by protozoans and helminths in urban and peri-urban rat populations (Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus) in Spanish cities. Rats were trapped and then dissected to remove adult helminths, and the contents of the large intestine were retrieved for the study of parasitic forms. The Midi Parasep® solvent free (SF) technique was used to concentrate the parasites in the intestinal contents. Some of the rats studied (n = 8) were infected by the rat lungworm, Angiostongylus cantonensis, whose first stage larvae (L1) are shed in rat faeces. After the concentration technique, L1 larvae were found in the sediment of 6 of the 8 positive rats. The two negative sediment samples were due to the presence of either only adult females or, in addition to males, only young females in the lungs of the rats. In view of our results, Midi Parasep® SF turned out to be a simple, rapid, inexpensive, and sensitive method to detect nematode larvae, such as the L1 larvae of A. cantonensis (or A. costaricensis), in natural and experimentally infected rats.
Coronavirus disease 2019 related parosmia: an exploratory survey of demographics and treatment strategies
Authors: Sowerby L J , Almubarak Z , Biadsee A , Rocha T , Hopkins C 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features, therapeutic efficacy and symptom time course of post-coronavirus disease 2019 parosmia.MethodsA 22-item online questionnaire was distributed to AbScent research group and Facebook coronavirus disease 2019 anosmia group adult members to assess clinical features, interventions and their subjective efficacy for parosmia.ResultsA total of 209 participants (86 per cent females) reported: smell loss on average 3 days after coronavirus symptoms, recovery 4 weeks later, and first parosmia symptoms 12 weeks post infection. Respondents reported 10 per cent body weight loss, and listed onion and garlic as significant parosmia triggers. Regarding quality of life, depression was the most cited item (54 per cent). Smell training was trialled by 74 per cent of participants, followed by nasal corticosteroid spray (49 per cent). Stellate ganglion block, trialled by 16 per cent of respondents, had the highest reported improvement (45 per cent), with 21 per cent reporting a sustained benefit – the highest rate amongst registered treatment options.ConclusionPost-coronavirus parosmia has a significant impact and remains challenging to treat. Stellate ganglion block appears to be successful relative to other reported treatments. Further research into the pathophysiology, efficacy and mechanism of stellate ganglion block effect is warranted.
A study of variation in therapeutic approach to low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer in the UK
Authors: Maniam Pavithran , Ishii Hiro , Stechman Michael J , Watkinson John , Farnell Kate , Kim Dae , Nixon Ian J 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe British Thyroid Association and American Thyroid Association guideline definitions for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancers are susceptible to differing interpretations, resulting in different clinical management in the UK.ObjectiveTo explore the national effect of these guidelines on the management of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancers.MethodsAnonymised questionnaires were sent to multidisciplinary teams performing thyroidectomies in the UK. Risk factors that multidisciplinary teams considered important when managing low-risk differentiated thyroid cancers were established.ResultsMost surgeons (71 out of 75; 94.7 per cent) confirmed they were core multidisciplinary team members. More than 80 per cent of respondents performed at least 30 hemi- and/or total thyroidectomies per annum. A majority of multidisciplinary teams (50 out of 75; 66.7 per cent) followed British Thyroid Association guidelines. Risk factors considered important when managing low-risk differentiated thyroid cancers included: type of tumour histology findings (87.8 per cent), tumour size of greater than 4 cm (86.5 per cent), tumour stage T3b (85.1 per cent) and central neck node involvement (85.1 per cent). Extent of thyroid surgery (e.g. hemi- or total thyroidectomy) was highly variable for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancers.ConclusionManagement of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancers is highly variable, leading to a heterogeneous patient experience.
Pum3is dispensable for mouse oocyte maturation and embryo developmentin vitro
Authors: Zhao TingTing , Huang Wei , Lin Kaibo 
Published: May 2023

SummaryPumilio3(Pum3), an evolutionarily distant homologue of the classical RNA-binding protein PUF (PUMILIO and FBF) family member, is also involved in the process of RNA metabolism through post-transcriptional regulation. However, the functions ofPum3in mouse oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryonic development have not been elucidated. By comparing RNA levels in different tissues, we found thatPum3was widely expressed in multiple tissues, but moderately predominant in the ovary. Histochemical staining suggested that the PUM3 protein exhibits positive signals in oocytes, granulosa cells and theca cells of different follicle stages. Oocyte immunofluorescence results showed a slightly higher level of PUM3 protein in metaphase II compared with the germinal vesicle (GV) stage. After knockdown ofPum3in GV oocytes using siRNA injection (siPUM3), no obvious defect was observed in the processes of GV breakdown and polar body extrusion duringin vitromaturation (IVM) for thesiPum3oocytes. Compared with the control group, thesiPUM3group displayed no significant abnormality in the cleavage and blastocyst formation rate of these fertilized oocytes. Therefore, we can conclude that depletion ofPum3does not affect mouse oocyte maturation and early embryonic developmentin vitro.
Extending the Frequency Band of Surface‐Wave Dispersion Curves by Combining Ambient Noise and Earthquake Data and Self‐Adaptive Normalization
Authors: Zhou Jie , Li Zhengbo , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDispersion curves of surface waves are widely used in subsurface structural inversions. However, the non‐uniqueness problem in inversion is inevitable with limited data. Extending the dispersion curves in frequency is helpful for providing better constraints. The dispersion spectra extracted from ambient noise and earthquake data do not overlap and can be combined to provide complementary information. Besides, because multiple modes can be present at the same frequencies in the dispersion spectrum with highly non‐uniform energies, dispersion curves with lower energies are hidden by those with higher energies, thus the extracted dispersion spectrum is often not fully exploited by simple normalization. We propose to use a self‐adaptive normalization technique to uncover the hidden information and extend the dispersion curves in frequency. Both ambient noise and earthquake data recorded by the USArray Transportable Array are processed by simple and self‐adaptive normalizations, and a Markov chain Monte Carlo Bayesian inversion is conducted to estimate the velocity structure. The inversion results reveal the importance of extending dispersion curves and a significant improvement by the combined ambient noise and earthquake datasets and the self‐adaptive normalization technique.
Compressive holographic sensing simplifies quantitative phase imaging
Authors: Sun Jiawei , Czarske Juergen W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractQuantitative phase imaging (QPI) has emerged as method for investigating biological specimen and technical objects. However, conventional methods often suffer from shortcomings in image quality, such as the twin image artifact. A novel computational framework for QPI is presented with high quality inline holographic imaging from a single intensity image. This paradigm shift is promising for advanced QPI of cells and tissues.
Stain-free mapping of polymer-blend morphologies via application of high-voltage STEM-EELS hyperspectral imaging to low-loss spectra
Authors: Umemoto Hiroki , Arai Shigeo , Otobe Hirohide , Muto Shunsuke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolymer blends composed of multiple types of polymers are used for various industrial applications; therefore, their morphologies must be understood to predict and improve their physical properties. Herein, we propose a spectral imaging method based on scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy to map polymer morphologies with nanometric resolution as an alternative to the conventional electron staining technique. In particular, the low-loss spectra of the 5–30 eV energy-loss region were measured to minimize electron irradiation damage rather than the core-loss spectra, such as carbon K-shell absorption spectra, which require significantly longer recording times. Medium-voltage (200 kV) and high-voltage (1000 kV) STEM was used at various temperatures to compare the degrees of electron-beam damage resulting from various electron energies and sample temperatures. A multivariate curve resolution technique was used to isolate the constituent spectra and visualize their distributions by distinguishing the characteristic peaks derived from various chemical species. High-voltage STEM was more useful than medium-voltage STEM for analyzing thicker samples while suppressing ionization damage.
Modified indirect calorimetry for patients on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a pilot feasibility study
Authors: Tatucu-Babet Oana A. , Diehl Arne , Kratzing Caroline , Lambell Kate , Burrell Aidan , Tierney Audrey , Nyulasi Ibolya , Bailey Michael , Sheldrake Jayne , Ridley Emma J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives
Traditional indirect calorimetry is unable to capture complete gas exchange in patients receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO). We aimed to determine the feasibility of using a modified indirect calorimetry protocol in patients receiving VA ECMO, report measured energy expenditure (EE) and compare EE to control critically ill patients.

Subjects/Methods
Mechanically ventilated adult patients receiving VA ECMO were included. EE was measured within 72 h of VA ECMO commencement (timepoint one [T1]) and on approximately day seven of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission (timepoint two [T2]). Traditional indirect calorimetry via the ventilator was combined with calculations of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production derived from pre- and post-ECMO membrane blood gas analyses. Completion of ≥60% EE measurements was deemed feasible. Measured EE was compared between T1 and T2 and to control patients not receiving VA ECMO. Data is presented as n(%) and median[interquartile range (IQR)].

Results
Twenty-one patients were recruited; 16(76%) male, aged 55[42–64] years. The protocol was feasible to complete at T1 (14(67%)) but not at T2 (7(33%)) due to predominantly ECMO decannulation, extubation or death. EE was 1454[1213–1860] at T1 and 1657[1570–2074] kcal/d at T2 (P = 0.043). In patients receiving VA ECMO versus controls, EE was 1577[1434–1801] versus 2092[1609–2272] kcal/d, respectively (P = 0.056).

Conclusion
Modified indirect calorimetry is feasible early in admission to ICU but is not possible in all patients receiving VA ECMO, especially later in admission. EE increases during the first week of ICU admission but may be lower than EE in control critically ill patients.
Photochromism from wavelength-selective colloidal phase segregation
Authors: Zheng Jing , Chen Jingyuan , Jin Yakang , Wen Yan , Mu Yijiang , Wu Changjin , Wang Yufeng , Tong Penger , Li Zhigang , Hou Xu , Tang Jinyao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhase segregation is ubiquitously observed in immiscible mixtures, such as oil and water, in which the mixing entropy is overcome by the segregation enthalpy1–3. In monodispersed colloidal systems, however, the colloidal–colloidal interactions are usually non-specific and short-ranged, which leads to negligible segregation enthalpy4. The recently developed photoactive colloidal particles show long-range phoretic interactions, which can be readily tuned with incident light, suggesting an ideal model for studying phase behaviour and structure evolution kinetics5,6. In this work, we design a simple spectral selective active colloidal system, in which TiO2 colloidal species were coded with spectral distinctive dyes to form a photochromic colloidal swarm. In this system, the particle–particle interactions can be programmed by combining incident light with various wavelengths and intensities to enable controllable colloidal gelation and segregation. Furthermore, by mixing the cyan, magenta and yellow colloids, a dynamic photochromic colloidal swarm is formulated. On illumination of coloured light, the colloidal swarm adapts the appearance of incident light due to layered phase segregation, presenting a facile approach towards coloured electronic paper and self-powered optical camouflage.
A radio-detected type Ia supernova with helium-rich circumstellar material
Authors: Kool Erik C. , Johansson Joel , Sollerman Jesper , Moldón Javier , Moriya Takashi J. , Mattila Seppo , Schulze Steve , Chomiuk Laura , Pérez-Torres Miguel , Harris Chelsea , Lundqvist Peter , Graham Matthew , Yang Sheng , Perley Daniel A. , Strotjohann Nora Linn , Fremling Christoffer , Gal-Yam Avishay , Lezmy Jeremy , Maguire Kate , Omand Conor , Smith Mathew , Andreoni Igor , Bellm Eric C. , Bloom Joshua S. , De Kishalay , Groom Steven L. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Masci Frank J. , Medford Michael S. , Park Sungmin , Purdum Josiah , Reynolds Thomas M. , Riddle Reed , Robert Estelle , Ryder Stuart D. , Sharma Yashvi , Stern Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractType Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are thermonuclear explosions of degenerate white dwarf stars destabilized by mass accretion from a companion star1, but the nature of their progenitors remains poorly understood. A way to discriminate between progenitor systems is through radio observations; a non-degenerate companion star is expected to lose material through winds2 or binary interaction3 before explosion, and the supernova ejecta crashing into this nearby circumstellar material should result in radio synchrotron emission. However, despite extensive efforts, no type Ia supernova (SN Ia) has ever been detected at radio wavelengths, which suggests a clean environment and a companion star that is itself a degenerate white dwarf star4,5. Here we report on the study of SN 2020eyj, a SN Ia showing helium-rich circumstellar material, as demonstrated by its spectral features, infrared emission and, for the first time in a SN Ia to our knowledge, a radio counterpart. On the basis of our modelling, we conclude that the circumstellar material probably originates from a single-degenerate binary system in which a white dwarf accretes material from a helium donor star, an often proposed formation channel for SNe Ia (refs. 6,7). We describe how comprehensive radio follow-up of SN 2020eyj-like SNe Ia can improve the constraints on their progenitor systems.
Uridine-derived ribose fuels glucose-restricted pancreatic cancer
Authors: Nwosu Zeribe C. , Ward Matthew H. , Sajjakulnukit Peter , Poudel Pawan , Ragulan Chanthirika , Kasperek Steven , Radyk Megan , Sutton Damien , Menjivar Rosa E. , Andren Anthony , Apiz-Saab Juan J. , Tolstyka Zachary , Brown Kristee , Lee Ho-Joon , Dzierozynski Lindsey N. , He Xi , PS Hari , Ugras Julia , Nyamundanda Gift , Zhang Li , Halbrook Christopher J. , Carpenter Eileen S. , Shi Jiaqi , Shriver Leah P. , Patti Gary J. , Muir Alexander , Pasca di Magliano Marina , Sadanandam Anguraj , Lyssiotis Costas A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a lethal disease notoriously resistant to therapy1,2. This is mediated in part by a complex tumour microenvironment3, low vascularity4, and metabolic aberrations5,6. Although altered metabolism drives tumour progression, the spectrum of metabolites used as nutrients by PDA remains largely unknown. Here we identified uridine as a fuel for PDA in glucose-deprived conditions by assessing how more than 175 metabolites impacted metabolic activity in 21 pancreatic cell lines under nutrient restriction. Uridine utilization strongly correlated with the expression of uridine phosphorylase 1 (UPP1), which we demonstrate liberates uridine-derived ribose to fuel central carbon metabolism and thereby support redox balance, survival and proliferation in glucose-restricted PDA cells. In PDA, UPP1 is regulated by KRAS–MAPK signalling and is augmented by nutrient restriction. Consistently, tumours expressed high UPP1 compared with non-tumoural tissues, and UPP1 expression correlated with poor survival in cohorts of patients with PDA. Uridine is available in the tumour microenvironment, and we demonstrated that uridine-derived ribose is actively catabolized in tumours. Finally, UPP1 deletion restricted the ability of PDA cells to use uridine and blunted tumour growth in immunocompetent mouse models. Our data identify uridine utilization as an important compensatory metabolic process in nutrient-deprived PDA cells, suggesting a novel metabolic axis for PDA therapy.
Inhibiting membrane rupture with NINJ1 antibodies limits tissue injury
Authors: Kayagaki Nobuhiko , Stowe Irma B. , Alegre Kamela , Deshpande Ishan , Wu Shuang , Lin Zhonghua , Kornfeld Opher S. , Lee Bettina L. , Zhang Juan , Liu John , Suto Eric , Lee Wyne P. , Schneider Kellen , Lin WeiYu , Seshasayee Dhaya , Bhangale Tushar , Chalouni Cecile , Johnson Matthew C. , Joshi Prajakta , Mossemann Jan , Zhao Sarah , Ali Danish , Goldenberg Neil M. , Sayed Blayne A. , Steinberg Benjamin E. , Newton Kim , Webster Joshua D. , Kelly Ryan L. , Dixit Vishva M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlasma membrane rupture (PMR) in dying cells undergoing pyroptosis or apoptosis requires the cell-surface protein NINJ11. PMR releases pro-inflammatory cytoplasmic molecules, collectively called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), that activate immune cells. Therefore, inhibiting NINJ1 and PMR may limit the inflammation that is associated with excessive cell death. Here we describe an anti-NINJ1 monoclonal antibody that specifically targets mouse NINJ1 and blocks oligomerization of NINJ1, preventing PMR. Electron microscopy studies showed that this antibody prevents NINJ1 from forming oligomeric filaments. In mice, inhibition of NINJ1 or Ninj1 deficiency ameliorated hepatocellular PMR induced with TNF plus d-galactosamine, concanavalin A, Jo2 anti-Fas agonist antibody or ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Accordingly, serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, the liver enzymes alanine aminotransaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, and the DAMPs interleukin 18 and HMGB1 were reduced. Moreover, in the liver ischaemia–reperfusion injury model, there was an attendant reduction in neutrophil infiltration. These data indicate that NINJ1 mediates PMR and inflammation in diseases driven by aberrant hepatocellular death.
AZAR eye and vision cohort study
Authors: Somi Mohammad Hossein , Nikniaz Zeinab , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Naghibi Irvani Seyed Sina , Nourizadeh Amir Mohammad , Mirzaei Mohammad , Alipour Fateme , Jafari Fatemeh , Faramarzi Elnaz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccording to World Health Organization (WHO), currently, 2.2 billion people are living with visual impairment worldwide, of which almost half could have been prevented. There are both modifiable and unmodifiable factors leading to visual disability and, ultimately, blindness. Several population-based studies in different parts of Iran have tried to determine these factors concerning their specific population and environment-related characteristics. AZAR Eye and Vision cohort is the second-largest cohort study in the whole country. AZAR Eye and Vision cohort is the ophthalmologic branch of AZAR cohort which is the largest eye cohort study in the country, which is trying to determine the prevalence and incidence of visual impairment, blindness, and other major ophthalmologic conditions and their associated risk factors in East Azerbaijan province located in Iran, a middle eastern country. A recently emerging phenomenon is the drying of the ultra-salty lake of Urmia located in the West Azerbaijan province which is a direct neighbor of our studied population and has caused recurrent salt storms in the immediate near areas. This phenomenon could adversely affect visual health via different conditions which our study will elucidate. The enrollment phase took place between 2014 and 2017 and 11,208 participants were enrolled out of 15,000 participants in the primary cohort. The resurvey phase will begin five years after the enrollment phase. In this phase, 30% of the participants are randomly selected to be reexamined and complete questionnaires. The participants showing any issues such as diabetes and being a glaucoma suspect will be included in the resurvey phase, too. Data categories gathered include demographics, lifestyle factors, past medical and drug histories, and a diet quality and quantity questionnaire including 130 edible items. Urine, hair, nail, and 25-ml blood samples, were collected from the participants. Then they were referred to an optometrist to complete an ophthalmologic questionnaire and undergo eye examination and lensometry. Then they underwent slit-lamp examinations and pictures were taken of the lens and fundus. People with suspected visual impairment were referred to an ophthalmology clinic. The data are processed and a four-level quality check is performed on each block. The most common visual impairment is cataracts. This study’s most important aim is to evaluate the effect of local environmental and ethnic factors on eye diseases in this specific population.
Mean amplitude of low frequency fluctuations measured by fMRI at 11.7 T in the aging brain of mouse lemur primate
Authors: Garin Clément M. , Dhenain Marc 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon-human primates are a critical species for the identification of key biological mechanisms in normal and pathological aging. One of these primates, the mouse lemur, has been widely studied as a model of cerebral aging or Alzheimer's disease. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations of blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) can be measured with functional MRI. Within specific frequency bands (e.g. the 0.01–0.1 Hz), these amplitudes were proposed to indirectly reflect neuronal activity as well as glucose metabolism. Here, we first created whole brain maps of the mean amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (mALFF) in young mouse lemurs (mean ± SD: 2.1 ± 0.8 years). Then, we extracted mALFF in old lemurs (mean ± SD: 8.8 ± 1.1 years) to identify age-related changes. A high level of mALFF was detected in the temporal cortex (Brodmann area 20), somatosensory areas (Brodmann area 5), insula (Brodmann areas 13–6) and the parietal cortex (Brodmann area 7) of healthy young mouse lemurs. Aging was associated with alterations of mALFF in somatosensory areas (Brodmann area 5) and the parietal cortex (Brodmann area 7).