bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rotating cantilever-based low-frequency double-fiber grating acceleration sensor
Authors: Hong Li , Mai Menglin , Zhang Ruilei , Luo Qingshan , Wang Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2023

Acceleration sensors play an important role in bridges, dams, seismic monitoring, geological exploration, and more. Aiming at the problem that it is still difficult to accurately measure low-frequency vibration signals with low-frequency acceleration sensors, a high-sensitivity, wide-low-band fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acceleration sensor incorporating a rotating cantilever and springs was proposed. A sensor mechanics model was built, and its key parameters were analyzed theoretically and optimized in size. ANSYS Workbench was used for simulation analysis, and the physical sensor was developed while a low-frequency test platform was established for performance tests. The experimental results suggested that the natural frequency of the sensor was 78 Hz, the operating frequency band was 1–55 Hz, the sensitivity was 1127.2 pm/g, the transverse interference immunity was less than 5.45%, and the dynamic range was 86.45 dB. With high sensitivity, wide low frequency band, and excellent temperature compensation characteristics, the designed sensor could provide a reference for the design of like FBG acceleration sensors.
Teaching phraseology in the 19th century
Authors: Nuccorini Stefania 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Phraseology has long been associated with
lexicography (Knappe,
2004), especially with bilingual dictionaries, which have
traditionally had a didactic aspect (Moon, 2000). In the 19th century, it was
considered a fundamental area of concern in teaching and learning a
foreign language and the Royal phraseological
English–French, French–English dictionary (Tarver, Vol.
1, 1845; Vol. 2, 1849) addressed it by
recording “an extensive phraseology to illustrate the proper manner
of using the words” (1845, p. 7), with a novel lexicological,
lexicographical and pedagogical approach. This chapter shows that
Tarver’s dictionary innovates in relation to the few previous,
comparable lexicographical works, and that it foreshadows later,
especially 20th-century, approaches to the inclusion and treatment
for didactic purposes of word combinations in English
general-purpose and specialized learner dictionaries.
Innovation in monolingual English learner’s dictionaries
Authors: Heuberger Reinhard 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
80 years have passed since the publication of
A. S. Hornby et al.’s Idiomatic and syntactic English
dictionary (1942), which was reprinted a few years
later by Oxford University Press as A learner’s dictionary
of current English (1948). Hornby et al.’s publication
firmly established a new and distinct genre of dictionary that has
been at the forefront of lexicographic innovation during the past
decades. This paper examines the historical development of selected
key features of monolingual English learner’s dictionaries,
focussing on major innovations and their significance for the users.
It concentrates on areas such as defining vocabularies and
definitions, grammar and usage, example sentences and the use of
corpora, and also briefly touches upon electronic learner’s
dictionaries.
Change without innovation?
Authors: Giesler Tim , Doff Sabine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the context of language education,
innovation seems a problematic concept.
Although there is no doubt that teaching methods have changed in the
200 or so years that modern foreign languages have been taught in
schools, it is usually highly debatable that they were as “new” as
claimed when they were introduced. One example is the “Direct”
methodology promoted by protagonists of the late 19th-century Reform
Movement, which had in fact already been in use before the 1880s –
language teachers for girls and for future merchants, for example,
had already been focusing on functional aspects at the grassroots
level because this served needs in these specific contexts well.
They, in turn, had not “invented” these methods but had drawn upon
long functional traditions. Secondly, at roughly the same time,
modern language teacher education was becoming professionalized and
some former teachers went into teacher training or were named to one
of the new university chairs for modern foreign language teaching.
Justifying and promoting their ideas, they neglected (or simply
forgot about) the traditions that had given rise to them.
Gold nanostars loaded fabrics as flexible, low-cost SERS substrates and swab-based detection of thiram on fruits and vegetables
Authors: Satani Sampath Kumar , Moram Sree Satya Bharati , Soma Venugopal Rao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Currently, flexible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates have gained tremendous interest because they enable sample collection from uneven surfaces in real sensing applications. Herein, two different flexible textiles (cotton and synthetic fabrics) loaded with star-shaped gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) were utilized for detailed studies and are demonstrated as SERS substrates. Both fabrics were soaked in Au NPs synthesized via a simple wet chemical method. The colloidal star-shaped Au NPs were characterized by UV-visible absorption and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The C- and S-fabrics loaded with Au NPs were characterized by FESEM, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic techniques. Subsequently, the SERS efficiency of C- and S-fabrics was examined with thiram, methylene Blue (MB), and Nile Blue (NB) molecules. Furthermore, pesticide (thiram) residues on the surfaces of a banana, an apple, and a spinach leaf were investigated by a simple swabbing method. The utility of these substrates is demonstrated by performing the SERS measurements using a portable Raman spectrometer, which is expedient for real-time applications.
Construction of optimized tight-binding models using ab initio Hamiltonian: application to monolayer 2H-transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Kim Sejoong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present optimized tight-binding (TB) models with atomic orbitals to improve ab initio TB models constructed by truncating full density functional theory (DFT) Hamiltonian based on localized orbitals. Retaining qualitative features of the original Hamiltonian, the optimization reduces quantitative deviations in overall band structures between the ab initio TB model and the full DFT Hamiltonian. The optimization procedure and related details are demonstrated by using semiconducting and metallic Janus transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers in the 2 H configuration. Varying the truncation range from partial second neighbors to third ones, we show differences in electronic structures between the truncated TB model and the original full Hamiltonian, and how much the optimization can remedy the quantitative loss induced by truncation. We further elaborate the optimization process so that local electronic properties such as valence and conduction band edges and Fermi surfaces are precisely reproduced by the optimized TB model. We also extend our discussions to TB models including spin-orbit interactions, so we provide the optimized TB model replicating spin-related properties of the original Hamiltonian such as spin textures. The optimization process described here can be readily applied to construct the fine-tuned TB model based on various DFT calculations.
Calibration method for planar SQUID gradiometers based on the magnetic gradient tensor components
Authors: Wu Jun , Rong Liangliang , Jia Haozhen , Zhang Guofeng , Qiu Longqing , Dong Hui , Pei Yifeng , Zhang Shulin , Yuan Xiaobing , Li Baoqing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The accuracy of tesla/volt calibration factors for superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) gradiometers is essential to take advantage of the magnetic gradient tensor (MGT), but the accuracy of the published calibration procedures ranges from tenths of percent to a few percent. In this paper, we propose an efficient calibration method for planar SQUID gradiometers based on MGT components. The factors affecting the calibration accuracy and the optimal inclination angle for calibration were investigated by analyzing the response characteristics of planar SQUID gradiometers to the MGT components. By superposition of square coils and gridding of pickup loops, numerical models of the response of planar gradiometers to different types of Maxwell coils were built to simulate theoretical calibration accuracy and calibration errors due to position, attitude and imbalance. We built a calibration setup to achieve high-precision simultaneous calibration of multi-channel planar SQUID gradiometers and investigated the effect of eddy current on the calibration accuracy. The results show that simulation and experimental results are in general agreement by taking into account various error factors. A calibration error of about 0.4% is achieved.
Characterization of breast tissues in density and effective atomic number basis via spectral X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Vrbaški Stevan , Arana Peña Lucia Mariel , Brombal Luca , Donato Sandro , Taibi Angelo , Contillo Adriano , Longo Renata 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective. Differentiation of breast tissues is challenging in X-ray imaging because tissues might share similar or even the same linear attenuation coefficients μ. Spectral computed tomography (CT) allows for more quantitative characterization in terms of tissue density (ρ) and effective atomic number (Z
eff) by exploiting the energy dependence of μ. The objective of this study was to examine the potential of ρ/Z
eff decomposition in spectral breast CT so as to explore the benefits of tissue characterization and improve the diagnostic accuracy of this emerging 3D imaging technique. Approach. In this work, 5 mastectomy samples and a phantom with inserts mimicking breast soft tissues were evaluated in a retrospective study. The samples were imaged at three monochromatic energy levels in the range of 24–38 keV at 5 mGy per scan using a propagation-based phase-contrast setup at SYRMEP beamline at the Italian national synchrotron Elettra. Main results. A custom-made algorithm incorporating CT reconstructions of an arbitrary number of spectral energy channels was developed to extract the density and effective atomic number of adipose, fibro-glandular, pure glandular, tumor, and skin from regions selected by a radiologist. Significance. Preliminary results suggest that, via spectral CT, it is possible to enhance tissue differentiation. It was found that adipose, fibro-glandular and tumorous tissues have average effective atomic numbers (5.94 ± 0.09, 7.03 ± 0.012, and 7.40 ± 0.10) and densities (0.90 ± 0.02, 0.96 ± 0.02, and 1.07 ± 0.03 g cm−3) and can be better distinguished if both quantitative values are observed together.
A finger-snapping inspired bistable mechanism for converting low-frequency vibrations to high-speed rotation
Authors: Tan Qinxue , Li Rongchun , Ma Xiaoyu , Zhao Hongyuan , Zhao Shizhong , Fan Kangqi , Zhang Chao , Zhu Zhaofei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Low-frequency vibrations can be exploited to drive a series of rotation-based devices (e.g. miniaturized centrifuges and energy harvesters), but their practical applications are hindered by the low rotation speeds of vibration-to-rotation conversion mechanisms. To address this issue, we report herein a finger-snapping inspired bistable mechanism that can achieve high-speed rotation out of low-frequency vibrations (<5 Hz). The proposed bistable mechanism consists of two sprung-cranks, a proof mass attached with a curved beam, and a pawl, in which the bistability is owed to the coupling of the potential energy of the springs with that of the deformed beam. Both theoretical simulations and experimental tests have been done to show the feasibility of the bistable mechanism. When triggered by vibrations with frequencies varying from 3.2 Hz to 4.5 Hz, the bistable mechanism can drive a rotor to rotate uni-directionally with high speeds ranging from 900 rpm to 1300 rpm. At a low vibration frequency of 3.2 Hz, around 290% increase in the rotation speed can be achieved by the bistable mechanism as compared with the corresponding linear mechanism (rack-and-pinion mechanism). The finger-snapping inspired bistable mechanism is thus a promising candidate in the tapping of ambient low-frequency vibrations as a green energy source for some mechatronic devices.
A numerical method to calculate screening current-dependent self and mutual inductances of REBCO coils
Authors: Bang Jeseok , Park Jeonghwan , Choi Kibum , Kim Geonyoung , Hahn Seungyong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The screening current and its relaxation cause the variation of the self- and mutual inductances of REBCO coils—REBCO is one of the high-temperature superconductors. However, most studies of coil voltage analysis on a REBCO magnet, a stack of coils, have reported simulation results assuming invariant self- and mutual inductances so far. Although the conventional assumption of invariant inductances is still acceptable for fundamental coil voltage analyses, it can cause misleading conclusions due to inductive voltage errors when a precise coil voltage analysis is demanded. Hence, here we report a numerical method to calculate screening-current-dependent self- and mutual inductances of REBCO coils for advanced studies based on a lumped-circuit analysis model. In this work, we aim to investigate the inductance variation due to the screening current with a case study and discuss its effects on the coil voltage. We assume that there is a stack of 12 REBCO single-pancake coils. No transverse current in each coil is considered for simplicity. A numerical simulation of the current density in the magnet is performed, and then the inductances are calculated by considering the spatially non-uniform current density due to the screening current. From this case study, we confirm that the self- and mutual inductances are changed by up to 110% and 30% each. It is also confirmed that the discrepancy is notable at the beginning of the charge while marginal at the end. Finally, we discuss the effect of inductance variation on the quench voltage analysis.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of periodic waves in SIR model with driving factors
Authors: Zheng Q Q , Shen J W , Pandey V , Zhao Y M , Guan L N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The world faces Covid-19 waves, and the overall pattern of confirmed cases shows periodic oscillations. In this paper, we investigate the spatiotemporal spread of Covid-19 in the network-organized SIR model with an extrinsic incubation period of the driving factors. Firstly, Our analysis shows the occurrences of Hopf bifurcation and periodic outbreaks consistent with the actual spread of Covid-19. And we investigate periodic waves on spatial scales using Turing instability, and the spread of infected individuals increases the localized hot spots. We study the effect of the incubation period, and more incubation periods generate Turing instability resulting in periodic outbreaks. There is an occurrence of bursting states at peaks of periodic waves due to small diffusion of infected and susceptible, which means stable and unstable areas try to convert each other due to high competition among nodes. Also, We note the disappearance of these bursts when infected and susceptible individuals’ movements are easier; thus, the dominance of infected individuals prevails everywhere. Effective policy interventions and seasonality can cause periodic perturbations in the model, and therefore we study the impact of these perturbations on the spread of Covid-19. Periodic perturbations on the driving factors, infected individuals show co-existing spatial patterns. Chaotic outbreak becomes periodic outbreaks through alternating periodic or period-2 outbreaks as we regulate the amplitude and frequency of infected individuals. In short, regulations can erase period-2 and chaotic spread through policy interventions.
Emergence of damped-localized excitations of the Mott state due to disorder
Authors: Souza R S , Pelster A , A dos Santos F E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A key aspect of ultracold bosonic quantum gases in deep optical lattice potential wells is the realization of the strongly interacting Mott insulating phase. Many characteristics of this phase are well understood, however little is known about the effects of a random external potential on its gapped quasiparticle and quasihole low-energy excitations. In the present study we investigate the effect of disorder upon the excitations of the Mott insulating state at zero temperature described by the Bose–Hubbard model. Using a field-theoretical approach we obtain a resummed expression for the disorder ensemble average of the spectral function. Its analysis shows that disorder leads to an increase of the effective mass of both quasiparticle and quasihole excitations. Furthermore, it yields the emergence of damped states, which exponentially decay during propagation in space and dominate the whole band when disorder becomes comparable to interactions. We argue that such damped-localized states correspond to single-particle excitations of the Bose-glass phase.
Optimizing spin pumping and spin mixing conductance via Cu spacer layer in Mn2Au/Py system
Authors: Bhusan Jena Bibhuti , Gupta Pushpendra , Nayak Sagarika , Mishra Abhisek , Azevedo Antonio , Ding Haifeng , Bedanta Subhankar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Switching magnetization with spin current via spin orbital torque is a novel approach towards energy-efficient spintronics. In this regard, high spin–orbit coupling materials such as heavy metals are required to create the spin current via spin Hall effect. In recent times, a lot of attention has been paid to replace heavy metals by antiferromagnets to be considered as a spin sink. The bimetallic antiferromagnet, Mn2Au has attracted interest due to its high Néel temperature (T
N
> 1000 K) and high spin Hall angle. Here, we present results from experiments on spin pumping and the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) employing ferromagnetic resonance in Mn2Au/Py and Mn2Au/Cu/Py systems. The values of Gilbert damping constant decrease while inverse spin Hall voltage increases with the insertion of Cu spacer layer. This unusual behaviour indicates that the interface plays an important role for tuning the spintronic parameters. The maximum effective spin mixing conductance (

g

eff

↑
↓

) has been evaluated to be 36.20 × 1018 m−2.
Improving initialization and evolution accuracy of cosmological neutrino simulations
Authors: Sullivan James M. , Emberson J.D. , Habib Salman , Frontiere Nicholas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Neutrino mass constraints are a primary focus of current and future large-scale structure (LSS) surveys. Non-linear LSS models rely heavily on cosmological simulations — the impact of
massive neutrinos should therefore be included in these simulations in a realistic,
computationally tractable, and controlled manner. A recent proposal to reduce the related
computational cost employs a symmetric neutrino momentum sampling strategy in the initial
conditions. We implement a modified version of this strategy into the Hardware/Hybrid Accelerated
Cosmology Code (HACC) and perform convergence tests on its internal parameters. We illustrate
that this method can impart 𝒪(1%) numerical artifacts on the total matter field on
small scales, similar to previous findings, and present a method to remove these artifacts using
Fourier-space filtering of the neutrino density field. Moreover, we show that the converged
neutrino power spectrum does not follow linear theory predictions on relatively large scales at
early times at the 15% level, prompting a more careful study of systematics in particle-based
neutrino simulations. We also present an improved method for backscaling linear transfer
functions for initial conditions in massive neutrino cosmologies that is based on achieving the
same relative neutrino growth as computed with Boltzmann solvers. Our self-consistent backscaling
method yields sub-percent accuracy in the total matter growth function. Comparisons for the
non-linear power spectrum with the Mira-Titan emulator at a neutrino mass of
mν
= 0.15 eV are in very good agreement with the expected level of errors in the
emulator and in the direct N-body simulation.
Axis-symmetric Onsager clustered states of point vortices in a bounded domain
Authors: Xiong Yanqi , Chen Jiawen , Yu Xiaoquan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We study axis-symmetric Onsager clustered states of a neutral point vortex system confined to a two-dimensional disc. Our analysis is based on the mean field of bounded point vortices in the microcanonical ensemble. The clustered vortex states are specified by the inverse temperature β and the rotation frequency ω, which are the conjugate variables of energy E and angular momentum L, respectively. The formation of the axis-symmetric clustered vortex states (azimuthal angle independent) involves the separating of vortices with opposite circulation and the clustering of vortices with the same circulation around the origin and edge. The state preserves SO(2) symmetry while breaking

Z

2

symmetry. We find that, near the uniform state, the rotation-free clustered state (ω = 0) emerges at particular values of L
2/E and β. At large energies, we obtain asymptotically exact vortex density distributions, whose validity condition gives rise to the lower bound of β for the rotation-free states. Noticeably, the obtained vortex density distribution near the edge at large energies provides a novel exact vortex density distribution for the corresponding chiral vortex system.
Pulsar Discovery Prospect of FASTA
Authors: Xue Mengyao , Zhu Weiwei , Wu Xiangping , Xu Renxin , Wang Hongguang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has discovered more than 650 new pulsars, which account for 20% of our known Galactic pulsar population. In this paper, we estimate the prospect of a pulsar survey with a radio telescope array to be planned—the FAST Array (FASTA), consists of six “FAST-type” telescopes. Such a sensitive radio telescope array would be a powerful instrument in probing the pulsar population deep into our Galaxy as well as in nearby galaxies. We simulate the FASTA pulsar discovery prospects with different Galactic pulsar population models and instrumental parameter combinations. We find that FASTA could detect tens of thousands of canonical pulsars and well-over thousands of millisecond pulsars. We also estimate the potential yield if the FASTA is used to search for pulsars from the nearby spiral galaxy M31, and find that it would probably discover around a hundred new radio pulsars.
Magnetoimpedance effect on multilayer [NiFe/Cu/NiFe]3 and supermultilayer [NiFe/Cu/NiFe]3/Cu/[NiFe/Cu/NiFe]3 on Cu PCB meander substrate
Authors: Yusri  , Kusumawardhani Pratiwi , Ismail  , Utari  , Purnama Budi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The effect of magneto-impedance on multilayer and super multilayer has been investigated. NiFe and Cu thin layer samples were prepared by electrodeposition method on a meander patterned Cu PCB substrate. The phenomenon of magneto-impedance ratio is measured using low frequencies (20 kHz-100 kHz). The magneto-impedance ratio increases as the number of frequencies increases. The results showed that the super multilayer structure has a larger magneto-impedance ratio than the multilayer structure.