bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effect of a mixture of probiotic strains on symptom severity and use of corticosteroids in children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Feíto-Rodríguez Marta , Ramírez-Boscà Ana , Vidal-Asensi Santiago , Fernández-Nieto Diego , Ros-Cervera Gonzalo , Alonso-Usero Vicent , Prieto-Merino David , Núñez-Delegido Eva , Ruzafa-Costas Beatriz , Sánchez-Pellicer Pedro , Genovés Salvador , Navarro-López Vicente 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe intestinal microbiota is altered in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) when compared with those of the healthy population. Some interventions with specific probiotic preparations already demonstrate a change in composition of this microbiota accompanied by improvement in the disease.ObjectivesThis research work was designed to evaluate clinical efficacy of the probiotic preparation, and to measure the effect of the intervention on the total dose of corticosteroids administered to subjects.MethodsThis double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial including 70 participants with AD aged 4–17 years was designed to evaluate the clinical effect, compared with placebo, of a probiotic mixture of Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus casei at a total daily consumption of 1 × 109 colony-forming units per capsule, over 12 weeks. After randomization and exclusion, 35 patients were allocated to probiotic and 35 to placebo. Clinical variables analysed were SCORAD (SCORing of Atopic Dermatitis) and Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) indices; effect on the amount of topical corticosteroids used; and assessment of safety.ResultsMean SCORAD index at 12 weeks showed a statistically significant difference of −5.43 (95% confidence interval −10.65 to −0.21) between probiotic (SCORAD 13.52) and placebo groups (SCORAD 18.96); P = 0.04. Comparison between groups showed a statistically significant difference in the number of patients with IGA score improvement over the 12-week intervention: 29 of 32 (90.5%) in the probiotic group vs. 17 of 30 (56.7%) in the placebo group (P &lt; 0.002). A comparison between groups of the proportions of days using corticosteroids and the total dose (g) of corticosteroids between baseline and end of study showed no significant difference, but between weeks 6 and 12 there was a statistically significant reduction in the probiotic group when compared with the placebo group in both variables. Numbers of adverse events were similar in both groups of treatment.ConclusionsThe probiotic mix used in this clinical trial demonstrated efficacy on the change in activity index of AD compared with placebo. Furthermore, the total number of days and total amount of topical corticosteroids required by participants in the probiotic group showed a significant reduction compared with placebo between 6 and 12 weeks.
Memorizing poetry
Authors: Culler Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Before the mid-twentieth century, pedagogy in many countries involved a considerable amount of memorization, perhaps especially in engagements with literature. But after World War II, the practice of memorization and public recitation virtually disappeared in American schools, generally replaced by a practice of analysis in which the poem is experienced principally as an object of interpretation. Here, Jonathan Culler describes the undergraduate course ‘Major Poets’, taught by him for many years at Cornell University. For each of the poets studied (including Shakespeare, Pope, Keats, and Dickinson), the students were asked to complete a variety of exercises, one of which was to memorize and recite a poem of at least 12 lines. In doing so, the highly patterned language of the poem was presented not as something to be interpreted, but as a discourse to be repeated, performed, and appreciated in other ways.
The Evolution of Databases in the Age of Targeted Sanctions
Authors: Portela Clara , Charron Andrea 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDatabases constitute key research tools in sanctions scholarship. Over the past few years, we have witnessed a proliferation of sanctions databases: while only a single dataset was available until 2009, this number had increased to five by 2020; thus, the choice has more than doubled in less than a decade. This essay assesses the evolution observed. It reviews the five major datasets, comparing some of their basic choices, and evaluates them along two dimensions: the extent to which they capture targeted sanctions and the degree to which they brought innovations to the subfield. We find that targeted sanctions are not adequately reflected in databases, which remain state-centric in their approach. We conclude that the crafting of new databases does not entail an incremental refinement in which each iteration renders its predecessors obsolete. Rather, the evolution observed has resulted in a diverse set of options with different emphases. We nevertheless observe that a trend toward innovation has yielded to one toward consolidation, more focused on enlarging the empirical testing ground than in innovating. We conclude by discussing implications for the development of sanctions scholarship.
Glyphosate-based herbicide use affects individual microbial taxa in strawberry endosphere but not the microbial community composition
Authors: Mathew Suni Anie , Fuchs Benjamin , Nissinen Riitta , Helander Marjo , Puigbò Pere , Saikkonen Kari , Muola Anne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsIn a field study, the effects of treatments of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) in soil, alone and in combination with phosphate fertilizer, were examined on the performance and endophytic microbiota of garden strawberry.Methods and resultsThe root and leaf endophytic microbiota of garden strawberries grown in GBH-treated and untreated soil, with and without phosphate fertilizer, were analyzed. Next, bioinformatics analysis on the type of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase enzyme was conducted to assess the potential sensitivity of strawberry-associated bacteria and fungi to glyphosate, and to compare the results with field observations. GBH treatments altered the abundance and/or frequency of several operational taxonomic units (OTUs), especially those of root-associated fungi and bacteria. These changes were partly related to their sensitivity to glyphosate. Still, GBH treatments did not shape the overall community structure of strawberry microbiota or affect plant performance. Phosphate fertilizer increased the abundance of both glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-sensitive bacterial OTUs, regardless of the GBH treatments.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that although the overall community structure of strawberry endophytic microbes is not affected by GBH use, some individual taxa are.
Plasma protein levels of young healthy pigs as indicators of disease resilience
Authors: Chen Yulu , Lonergan Steven , Lim Kyu-Sang , Cheng Jian , Putz Austin M , Dyck Michael K , Canada PigGen , Fortin Frederic , Harding John C S , Plastow Graham S , Dekkers Jack C M 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSelection for disease resilience, which refers to the ability of an animal to maintain performance when exposed to disease, can reduce the impact of infectious diseases. However, direct selection for disease resilience is challenging because nucleus herds must maintain a high health status. A possible solution is indirect selection of indicators of disease resilience. To search for such indicators, we conducted phenotypic and genetic quantitative analyses of the abundances of 377 proteins in plasma samples from 912 young and visually healthy pigs and their relationships with performance and subsequent disease resilience after natural exposure to a polymicrobial disease challenge. Abundances of 100 proteins were significantly heritable (false discovery rate (FDR) &lt;0.10). The abundance of some proteins was or tended to be genetically correlated (rg) with disease resilience, including complement system proteins (rg = −0.24, FDR = 0.001) and IgG heavy chain proteins (rg = −0.68, FDR = 0.22). Gene set enrichment analyses (FDR &lt; 0.2) based on phenotypic and genetic associations of protein abundances with subsequent disease resilience revealed many pathways related to the immune system that were unfavorably associated with subsequent disease resilience, especially the innate immune system. It was not possible to determine whether the observed levels of these proteins reflected baseline levels in these young and visually healthy pigs or were the result of a response to environmental disturbances that the pigs were exposed to before sample collection. Nevertheless, results show that, under these conditions, the abundance of proteins in some immune-related pathways can be used as phenotypic and genetic predictors of disease resilience and have the potential for use in pig breeding and management.
The Socioecology of Parental Adjustment to Pediatric Cancer: The Roles of Individual and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Parental Social Support and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Davidson Savannah , Contreras Janie , Santamaría Claudia Reino , Alba-Suarez Juliana , Patel Puja , Greenspahn Emily , Boucher Lori , Rodriguez Erin M 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveParents of children with cancer are at risk for depressive symptoms, and previous research has linked their level of distress to various demographic, social, and economic factors. However, little research has examined associations between parental depressive symptoms and multiple socioecological factors at once. The current study examined how socioeconomic status (SES) at the individual and neighborhood level is related to parental depressive symptoms and social support satisfaction in Latinx and non-Latinx parents of children recently diagnosed with cancer, and whether social support satisfaction mediated associations between SES and depressive symptoms.MethodsParents (N = 115; 82% female; 30% Latinx) completed questionnaires reporting their demographic information, social support satisfaction, and depressive symptoms. Neighborhood SES was coded by block group level based on participants’ home addresses.ResultsIndividual, but not neighborhood, SES was positively associated with social support satisfaction, and higher social support satisfaction was associated with lower depressive symptoms. There was a significant indirect effect of individual (but not neighborhood) SES on depressive symptoms through social support satisfaction. Latinx parents reported lower individual SES, but not lower social support satisfaction or depressive symptoms than non-Latinx parents.ConclusionsThese results highlight the important role of social support in the adjustment of parents who have a child with pediatric cancer. Findings suggest that families may benefit from services that target multiple levels of their social ecology.
Religion Pays: The Business of Art Industry Entrepreneurs and Splendour in the Spaces of Nineteenth-Century Irish Catholicism
Authors: McGee Caroline M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
During the nineteenth century legislative reforms and religious revival in Ireland brought about significant change in the practice and position of Catholicism. This fostered a consumer revolution in religious art and architecture as architects, religious figures and a Catholic bourgeoisie aspired to recreate the architectural magnificence and status associated with Catholic churches of the medieval period in Ireland and Europe. The characteristic splendour of these interiors owes much to commercial producers of religious art from Britain and Europe. Makers of stained glass and decorative mosaics, in particular, dominated the Irish market even after the establishment of an Irish Arts and Crafts movement from the early 1890s and continued to thrive well into the twentieth century, even as Irish artist-designed church art grew more popular with patrons. This essay takes a fresh approach to analysing the spaces of Irish Catholicism by exploring the ‘backstage’ of religion from the perspective of commercial church art business history. It draws out two themes central to this Roundtable: the ways in which local sacred spaces and landscapes were impacted by transnational exchanges and processes, and the relationship between physical space and imaginative space in architectural production.
Laboratory Diagnosis of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis
Authors: Rojo Juan U , Rajendran Rajkumar , Salazar Jose H 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a fulminant fatal human disease caused by the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri. Infection occurs after inhalation of water containing the amoeba, typically after swimming in bodies of warm freshwater. N. fowleri migrates to the brain where it incites meningoencephalitis and cerebral edema leading to death of the patient 7 to 10 days postinfection. Although the disease is rare, it is almost always fatal and believed to be underreported. The incidence of PAM in countries other than the United States is unclear and possibly on track to being an emerging disease. Poor prognosis is caused by rapid progression, suboptimal treatment, and underdiagnosis. As diagnosis is often performed postmortem and testing is only performed by a few laboratories, more accessible testing is necessary. This article reviews the current methods used in the screening and confirmation of PAM and makes recommendations for improved diagnostic practices and awareness.
Eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Eisenia bicyclis seaweed, their antimicrobial and anticancer activities
Authors: Badr Hoida Ali , Sayed Sherif A , Obiedallah Marwa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) production with antibacterial and antitumor properties is an important application in the medical field. This study introduces a novel organism that can be used for the large-scale production of AgNPs. The edible brown alga Eisenia bicyclis was used as a reducing agent to biosynthesize stable AgNPs.
In this study, we achieved producing 50 mg AgNPs using only 1 g dried E. bicyclis seaweed. AgNP biosynthesis was performed at optimized conditions of a reaction temperature of 90°C, a seaweed extract concentration of 0.4%, and an AgNO3 concentration of 0.5 mM within 20 min, and the results showed that the formed nanoparticles are spherical and monodispersed with an average size 18.5 ± 1.2 nm. The antibacterial activity of biosynthesized AgNPs was evaluated against some human clinical pathogens. Results showed that AgNPs had antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains, with the appearance of a clear zone equal to or larger than positive controls. Also, there was a concentration-dependent growth inhibition of in vitro cultured breast cancer cells treated with AgNPs and overexpression of p53 and Bax, and underexpression of Bcl-2. AgNPs synthesized by this method provide a potential source for antibacterial and anticancer applications.
Impact of filter material and holding time on spore sampling efficiency in water
Authors: Ratliff Katherine , Abdel-Hady Ahmed , Monge Mariela , Mikelonis Anne , Touati Abderrahmane 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bacillus anthracis and other environmentally persistent pathogens pose a significant threat to human and environmental health. If contamination is spread over a wide area (e.g. resulting from a bioterrorism or biowarfare incident), readily deployable and scalable sample collection methods will be necessary for rapidly developing and implementing effective remediation strategies. A recent surge in environmental (eDNA) sampling technologies could prove useful for quantifying the extent and levels of contamination from biological agents in environmental and drinking water. In this study, three commonly used membrane filtration materials (cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, and nylon) were evaluated for spore filtration efficiency, yielding recoveries from 17%–68% to 25%–117% for high and low titer samples, respectively, where cellulose nitrate filters generated the highest recoveries. A holding time test revealed no statistically significant differences between spore recoveries when analyzed at the specified timepoints, suggesting that eDNA filter sampling techniques can yield and maintain a relatively high recovery of spores for an extended period of time between filtration and analysis without a detrimental impact on spore recoveries. The results shown here indicate that emerging eDNA technologies could be leveraged for sampling following a wide-area contamination incident and for other microbiological water sampling applications.
The Photonic Atom Probe as a Tool for the Analysis of the Effect of Defects on the Luminescence of Nitride Quantum Structures
Authors: Dimkou Ioanna , Houard Jonathan , Rochat Névine , Dalapati Pradip , Di Russo Enrico , Cooper David , Grenier Adeline , Monroy Eva , Rigutti Lorenzo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBy collecting simultaneously optical and chemical/morphological data from nanoscale volumes, the Photonic Atom Probe (PAP) can be applied not only to the study of the relationship between optical and structural properties of quantum emitter but also to evaluate the influence of other factors, such as the presence of point defects, on the photoluminescence. Through the analysis of multiple layers of InGaN/GaN quantum dots (QDs), grown so that the density of structural defects is higher with increasing distance from the substrate, we establish that the light emission is higher in the regions exhibiting a higher presence of structural defects. While the presence of intrinsic point defects with non-radiative recombination properties remains elusive, our result is consistent with the fact that QD layers closer to the substrate behave as traps for non-radiative point defects. This result demonstrates the potential of the PAP as a technique for the study of the optical properties of defects in semiconductors.
Fountain-driven gas accretion feeding star formation over the disc of NGC 2403
Authors: Li Anqi , Fraternali Filippo , Marasco Antonino , Trager Scott C , Pezzulli Gabriele , Mancera Piña Pavel E , Verheijen Marc A W 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We use a dynamical model of galactic fountain to study the neutral extraplanar gas (EPG) in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 2403. We have modelled the EPG as a combination of material ejected from the disc by stellar feedback (i.e. galactic fountain) and gas accreting from the inner circumgalactic medium (CGM). This accretion is expected to occur because of cooling/condensation of the hot CGM (corona) triggered by the fountain. Our dynamical model reproduces the distribution and kinematics of the EPG H i emission in NGC 2403 remarkably well and suggests a total EPG mass of $4.7^{+1.2}_{-0.9}\times 10^8\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$, with a typical scale height of around 1 kpc and a vertical gradient of the rotation velocity of $-10.0\pm 2.7\, \mathrm{km\, s^{-1}\, kpc^{-1}}$. The best-fitting model requires a characteristic outflow velocity of $50\pm 10\, \mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$. The outflowing gas starts out mostly ionized and only becomes neutral later in the trajectory. The accretion rate from the condensation of the inner hot CGM inferred by the model is 0.8 $\mathrm{M}_\odot \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, approximately equal to the star-formation rate in this galaxy (0.6 $\mathrm{M}_\odot \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$). We show that the accretion profile, which peaks at a radius of about 4.5 kpc, predicts a disc growth rate compatible with the observed value. Our results indicate that fountain-driven corona condensation is a likely mechanism to sustain star formation, as well as the disc inside-out growth in local disc galaxies.
The nature and origins of the low surface brightness outskirts of massive, central galaxies in Subaru HSC
Authors: Jackson Thomas M , Pasquali Anna , La Barbera Francesco , More Surhud , Grebel Eva K 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We explore the stellar mass density and colour profiles of 118 low redshift, massive, central galaxies, selected to have assembled 90 per cent of their stellar mass 6 Gyr ago, finding evidence of the minor merger activity expected to be the driver behind the size growth of quiescent galaxies. We use imaging data in the g, r, i, z, y bands from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey and perform SED fitting to construct spatially well-resolved radial profiles in colour and stellar mass surface density. Our visual morphological classification reveals that ∼42 per cent of our sample displays tidal features, similar to previous studies, ∼43 per cent of the remaining sample displays a diffuse stellar halo, and only ∼14 per cent displays no features, down to a limiting μr-band ∼ 28 mag arcsec−2. We find good agreement between the stacked colour profiles of our sample to those derived from previous studies and an expected smooth, declining stellar mass surface density profile in the central regions (&lt; 3 Re). However, we also see a flattening of the profile (Σ* ∼ 107.5 M⊙ kpc−2) in the outskirts (up to 10 Re), which is revealed by our method of specifically targeting tidal/accretion features. We find similar levels of tidal features and behaviour in the stellar mass surface density profiles in a younger comparison sample, however, a lack of diffuse haloes. We also apply stacking techniques similar to those in previous studies, finding such procedures wash out tidal features and thereby produce smooth declining profiles. The stellar material in the outskirts contributes on average ∼1010 M⊙ or a few per cent of the total stellar mass and has similar colours to SDSS satellites of similar stellar mass.
Using angular two-point correlations to self-calibrate the photometric redshift distributions of DECaLS DR9
Authors: Xu Haojie , Zhang Pengjie , Peng Hui , Yu Yu , Zhang Le , Yao Ji , Qin Jian , Sun Zeyang , He Min , Yang Xiaohu 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Calibrating the redshift distributions of photometric galaxy samples is essential in weak lensing studies. The self-calibration method combines angular auto- and cross-correlations between galaxies in multiple photometric redshift (photo-z) bins to reconstruct the scattering rates matrix between redshift bins. In this paper, we test a recently proposed self-calibration algorithm using the DECaLS Data Release 9 and investigate to what extent the scattering rates are determined. We first mitigate the spurious angular correlations due to imaging systematics by a machine learning based method. We then improve the algorithm for χ2 minimization and error estimation. Finally, we solve for the scattering matrices, carry out a series of consistency tests, and find reasonable agreements: (1) finer photo-z bins return a high-resolution scattering matrix, and it is broadly consistent with the low-resolution matrix from wider bins; (2) the scattering matrix from the Northern Galactic Cap is almost identical to that from Southern Galactic Cap; (3) the scattering matrices are in reasonable agreement with those constructed from the power spectrum and the weighted spectroscopic subsample. We also evaluate the impact of cosmic magnification. Although it changes little the diagonal elements of the scattering matrix, it affects the off-diagonals significantly. The scattering matrix also shows some dependence on scale cut of input correlations, which may be related to a known numerical degeneracy between certain scattering pairs. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the self-calibration method in real data and provides a practical alternative to calibrate the redshift distributions of photometric samples.