bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kapitel 25. Theorien des Wandels und der Gestaltung von Strukturen: Marktperspektive
Authors: Novy Andreas , Brudermann Thomas , Fankhauser Julia , Getzner Michael , Ohndorf Markus 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Marktperspektive betrachtet Märkte als zentrale Institution und Preisrelationen als zentrale Hebel für klimafreundliches Leben. Strukturen werden als Regeln für das Handeln auf Märkten verstanden. Deshalb braucht es Rahmenbedingungen, die Märkte regulieren, sodass das Verursacherprinzip wirksam wird: Wer Emissionen verursacht, muss bezahlen (Kostenwahrheit). Dabei wird versucht, dass die freie individuelle Wahlentscheidung so weit als möglich mit dem Erreichen der Klimaneutralität vereinbar bleibt. Gestalten als koordiniertes Handeln ist in dieser Perspektive das Setzen richtiger wirtschaftspolitischer Rahmenbedingungen, insbesondere durch Anreizsysteme. Instrumente sind Informationspolitik und Markttransparenz sowie geänderte Regulierungen (durch Steuerreform oder Emissionshandel).
Kapitel 26. Theorien des Wandels und der Gestaltung von Strukturen: Innovationsperspektive
Authors: Kubeczko Klaus , Tödtling Franz , Ornetzeder Michael , Novy Andreas , Fankhauser Julia , Exner Andreas 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der Innovationsperspektive steht die Wirkung unterschiedlicher Formen von Innovation und deren Anwendung auf die soziale und wirtschaftliche Praxis im Vordergrund – und damit auf die Umwelt, auf klima(un)freundliches Leben und Wirtschaften. Eine Vielzahl an Konzepten der Innovationsforschung (Innovationssysteme, Schumpeters Innovationsbegriff, etc.) haben in der Technologie- und Innovationspolitik der letzten drei Jahrzehnte eine wichtige Rolle eingenommen. Darauf aufbauend und um Herausforderungen und Fragen der nachhaltigen Entwicklung erweitert, hat sich in den letzten Jahren die Forschung zu Nachhaltigkeitstransitionen mit Ansätzen zum Wandel von soziotechnischen Systemen intensiv mit Innovationen für radikalen Wandel auseinandergesetzt. Die wichtigsten Theorien des Wandels aus einer Innovationsperspektive, die in diesem Kapitel dargestellt werden, sind Regionale Innovationssysteme (RIS), soziotechnische Systeme und Nachhaltigkeitstransition, Strategisches Nischenmanagement und Transitionsmanagement, Theorien Sozialer Innovation sowie Ansätze zu Exnovation, Konversion und Minimalismus.
Kapitel 27. Theorien des Wandels und der Gestaltung von Strukturen: Bereitstellungsperspektive
Authors: Novy Andreas , Novy Andreas , Bärnthaler Richard , Karabeczek Veronica , Plank Leonhard , Schinko Thomas 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Bereitstellungsperspektive untersucht geeignete Strukturen klimafreundlichen Lebens ausgehend von Bereitstellungssystemen, die suffiziente und resiliente Praktiken und Lebensformen erleichtern und damit selbstverständlich machen. Sie ermöglicht eine ganzheitliche Sichtweise, um langfristige Klimawandelmitigation und -anpassung mit der kurzfristigen Sicherung der Grundversorgung und dem Schutz vor Naturgefahren zu verbinden. Die wichtigsten Theorien desWandels, die von der Bereitstellungsperspektive ausgehen und im Folgenden ausführlicher behandelt werden, sind Bereitstellungssysteme und Alltagsökonomie, praxistheoretische Ansätze, Lebensformen, umfassendes Klimarisikomanagement, Suffizienz und Resilienz.
Effective action of heterotic string theory at order α′2
Authors: Garousi Mohammad R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Upon examining the effective action of the heterotic string theory at order α′2, an inconsistency between the Chern-Simons coupling Ω2 and T-duality has been discovered. To address this issue, we introduce 60 parity-even independent geometrical couplings involving the B-field, metric, and dilation at the same order, each with arbitrary coefficients. To ensure the invariance of these couplings under T-duality, we consider the Miessner action for the couplings at order α′ and rigorously determine the coefficients of the 60 couplings in terms of the Chern-Simons coupling. Notably, it is found that the coefficients of the Riemann cubed terms must be zero, which aligns with the results of S-matrix calculations. Additionally, the parity odd couplings at order α′2 are obtained through T-duality. Overall, our analysis successfully resolves the inconsistency between the Chern-Simons coupling and T-duality, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the behavior of the heterotic string theory at order α′2.
Ground state energy of twisted AdS3 × S3 × T4 superstring and the TBA
Authors: Frolov Sergey , Pribytok Anton , Sfondrini Alessandro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We use the lightcone AdS3 × S3 × T4 superstring sigma model with fermions and bosons subject to twisted boundary conditions to find the ground state energy in the semi-classical approximation where effective string tension h and the light-cone momentum L are sent to infinity in such a way that $$ \mathcal{J} $$
J
≡ L/h is kept fixed. We then analyse the ground state energy of the model by means of the mirror TBA equations for the AdS3 × S3 × T4 superstring in the pure RR background. The calculation is performed for small twist μ with L and h fixed, for large L with μ and h fixed, and for small h with μ and L fixed. In these limits the contribution of the gapless worldsheet modes coming from the T4 bosons and fermions can be computed exactly, and is shown to be proportional to hL/(4L2 – 1). Comparison with the semi-classical result shows that the TBA equations involve only one Y0-function for massless excitations but not two as was conjectured before. Some of the results obtained are generalised to the mixed-flux AdS3× S3× T4 superstring.
Tensin-3 is involved in osteogenic versus adipogenic fate of human bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Zhang Shuang , van de Peppel Jeroen , Koedam Marijke , van Leeuwen Johannes P. T. M. , van der Eerden Bram C. J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe tightly controlled balance between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) is critical to maintain bone homeostasis. Age-related osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass with excessive infiltration of adipose tissue in the bone marrow compartment. The shift of BMSC differentiation from osteoblasts to adipocytes could result in bone loss and adiposity.MethodsTNS3gene expression during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs was evaluated by qPCR and Western blot analyses. Lentiviral-mediated knockdown or overexpression ofTNS3was used to assess its function. The organization of cytoskeleton was examined by immunofluorescent staining at multiple time points. The role of TNS3 and its domain function in osteogenic differentiation were evaluated by ALP activity, calcium assay, and Alizarin Red S staining. The expression of Rho-GTP was determined using the RhoA pull-down activation assay.ResultsLoss of TNS3 impaired osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs but promoted adipogenic differentiation. Conversely, TNS3 overexpression hampered adipogenesis while enhancing osteogenesis. The expression level of TNS3 determined cell shape and cytoskeletal reorganization during osteogenic differentiation. TNS3 truncation experiments revealed that for optimal osteogenesis to occur, all domains proved essential. Pull-down and immunocytochemical experiments suggested that TNS3 mediates osteogenic differentiation through RhoA.ConclusionsHere, we identify TNS3 to be involved in BMSC fate decision. Our study links the domain structure in TNS3 to RhoA activity via actin dynamics and implicates an important role for TNS3 in regulating osteogenesis and adipogenesis from BMSCs. Furthermore, it supports the critical involvement of cytoskeletal reorganization in BMSC differentiation.
Components of $$V(\rho ) \otimes V(\rho )$$ and Dominant Weight Polyhedra for Affine Kac–Moody Lie Algebras
Authors: Jeralds Sam , Kumar Shrawan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKostant asked the following question: Let $$\mathfrak {g}$$
g
be a simple Lie algebra over the complex numbers. Let $$\lambda $$
λ
be a dominant integral weight. Then, $$V(\lambda )$$

V
(
λ
)

is a component of $$V(\rho )\otimes V(\rho )$$

V
(
ρ
)
⊗
V
(
ρ
)

if and only if $$\lambda \le 2 \rho $$

λ
≤
2
ρ

under the usual Bruhat–Chevalley order on the set of weights. In an earlier work with R. Chirivi and A. Maffei, the second author gave an affirmative answer to this question up to a saturation factor. The aim of the current work is to extend this result to untwisted affine Kac–Moody Lie algebra $$\mathfrak {g}$$
g
associated with any simple Lie algebra $$\mathring{\mathfrak {g}}$$

g
˚

(up to a saturation factor). In fact, we prove the result for affine $$sl_n$$

s

l
n

without any saturation factor. Our proof requires some additional techniques including the Goddard–Kent–Olive construction and study of the characteristic cone of non-compact polyhedra.
Health benefits of reducing aircraft pollution: evidence from changes in flight paths
Authors: Beghelli Silvia , De Coulon Augustin , O’Mahony Mary 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates externalities generated by air transportation pollution on health. As a source of exogenous variation, we use an unannounced 5-month trial that reallocated early morning aircraft landings at London Heathrow Airport. Our measure of health is prescribed medications spending on conditions known to be aggravated by pollution, especially sleep disturbances. We observe a significant and substantial decrease in prescribed drugs for respiratory and central nervous system disorders in the areas subjected to reduced air travel between 4:30 am and 6.00 am compared with the control regions. Our findings suggest a causal influence of aviation on health conditions.
Good long‐term patients reported outcomes, return‐to‐work and return‐to‐sport rate and survivorship after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)‐based multiligament knee injuries (MLKI) with posteromedial corner tears as significant risk factor for failure
Authors: Pizza Nicola , Di Paolo Stefano , Grassi Alberto , Pagano Anna , Viotto Marianna , Dal Fabbro Giacomo , Agostinone Piero , Lucidi Gian Andrea , Monllau Juan Carlos , Zaffagnini Stefano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo assess the survival rate and associated risk factors of a wide cohort of patient’s underwent surgical treatment for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)‐based multiligament knee injury (MLKI) at long‐term follow‐up and to investigate the long‐term patient’s reported outcomes (PROMS) and functional activity.MethodsAll cases of PCL‐based MLKI performed at one single sport‐medicine institution were extracted and patient’s with a minimum 2 years of follow‐up included. VAS, Lysholm, KOOS, Tegner Activity level scores, the incidence and time of return to sport (RTS) and return to work (RTW) were collected before, after surgery and at final follow‐up. A multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the outcomes associated with the patient’s acceptable symptoms state (PASS) for each sub‐score of the KOOS. The Kaplan–Meier method with surgical failure (re‐operation to one of the reconstructed ligaments) as endpoint was used to perform the survivorship analysis for the entire cohort.ResultsForty‐two patients were included and evaluated at an average of 10 years. All PROMS significantly improved from pre‐ to post‐surgery (range ηp2 0.21–0.43, p < 0.05) except for the Tegner score which significantly improved from pre‐surgery and to final follow‐up (ηp2 = 0.67, p < 0.001). RTW was achieved in the 95.2% after 2.4 ± 1.9 months. RTS was achieved in 78.6% after 6.7 ± 5.0 months. The higher number of surgeries were the significant negative predictors of PASS for the KOOS sub‐scales Sport (p = 0.040) and Quality of Life (p = 0.046), while the presence of meniscal lesions was a significant negative predictor of PASS only for the KOOS sub‐scale of Sport (p = 0.003). Six patients (14.3%) underwent reoperation and were considered as surgical failures. The global survivorship was 95.2%, 92.6%, 87.1%, and 74.7% at 2, 5, 12, and 15 years, respectively. The survivorship in patient undergoing PMC reconstruction surgery was significantly lower (p = 0.004; HR 7.1) compared to patients without a PMC lesion.ConclusionGood‐to‐excellent PROMS could be obtained and maintained at long‐term follow‐up after surgery, with the higher number of surgeries and meniscal lesions as significant negative predictors of the PASS. Moreover, the presence of a PMC lesion significantly increases the risk of the PCL reconstruction failure.Level of evidenceIII.
A new territorial attractiveness index at the international scale: design, application and patterns in Italy
Authors: Musolino Dario , Kotosz Balazs 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe attractiveness of regions and territories for firms, investments, tourists, students, talented people, and other categories is a relevant issue for regional economic development, due to the increasing importance of the relationships and flows on the global scale. The growing concern about this question requires a new comprehensive analytical approach that goes beyond partial approaches. The construction of a synthetic index that measures the territorial attractiveness from a multidimensional perspective is the strategy presented in this work to deal with this issue from a new point of view. We first introduce and present our methodological approach for the construction of the synthetic index, which makes use of both qualitative (budget allocation process) and quantitative (factor analysis) techniques. Our synthetic index is based on the main indicators about incoming flows from abroad (FDIs, workers, tourists, university students). Secondly, we illustrate and discuss the results of its application to the case of the international attractiveness of the Italian regions, based on an 8-year long dataset. The findings reveal that the North–South gap, the well-known Italian spatial pattern, is not fully satisfying to read and interpreter the geographical imbalances in terms of multidimensional territorial attractiveness. Thanks also to the calculation of the Moran’s Index, we show the complexity of the Italian economic geography.
The largest Condorcet domain on 8 alternatives
Authors: Leedham-Green Charles , Markström Klas , Riis Søren 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this note, we report on a Condorcet domain of record-breaking size for n = 8 alternatives. We show that there exists a Condorcet domain of size 224 and that this is the largest possible size for 8 alternatives. Our search also shows that this domain is unique up to isomorphism. In this note we investigate properties of the new domain and relate them to various open problems and conjectures.
Technologienutzung im Alter: Zusammenhänge zwischen Akzeptanz, Kompetenz, Kontrolle, Interesse und sozialen Indikatoren bei Personen über 60 Jahre
Authors: Ferizaj Drin , Perotti Luis , Dahms Rebecca , Heimann-Steinert Anika 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Neben den soziodemografischen Faktoren spielen handlungstheoretische Konstrukte wie die Technikakzeptanz oder Technikkompetenz eine wichtige Rolle bei der Techniknutzung.

Ziel der Arbeit
Innerhalb der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, wie die Techniknutzung mit soziodemografischen Faktoren und handlungstheoretischen Konstrukten und Technikinteresse zusammenhängt.

Materialien und Methoden
Im Zeitraum von 2014 bis 2020 wurden Daten von 585 Studienteilnehmenden im Alter über 60 Jahre aus 14 Erhebungen gesammelt. Zur Erklärung der Zusammenhänge wurde ein Strukturgleichungsmodell durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Das Strukturgleichungsmodell mit den Kovariaten Erhebungsjahr, Alter, Geschlecht und Bildung (n = 585) ergab den folgenden Fit: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) =0,918, Tucker-Lewis-Index (TLI ) = 0,894, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0,056 [95 %-Konfidenzintervall: 0,050-0,063], Standardized Root Mean Square (SRMR) = 0,079, χ2 = 3051,936 (p < 0,001), χ2-Test/Freiheitsgrade (df) = 18,499. Die stärksten Zusammenhänge mit der Techniknutzung zeigten sich bei der Technikakzeptanz und der Technikkompetenz. Zudem zeigte die Technikkompetenz eine signifikante Verknüpfung mit dem Technikinteresse. Das Geschlecht und das Technikinteresse standen nicht in Verbindung zur Techniknutzung, stattdessen wurde beobachtet, dass Männer höhere Ausprägungen in Technikakzeptanz, Technikkontrolle, Technikkompetenz und Technikinteresse hatten.

Diskussion
Die Berücksichtigung der Technikkompetenzüberzeugungen spielt eine wesentliche Rolle für ein umfassendes Verständnis der Techniknutzung und des Technikinteresses älterer Personen. Darüber hinaus wurden geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in den handlungstheoretischen Konstrukten und dem Technikinteresse im Kontext der digitalen Kluft aufgezeigt.
Feasibility and safety of exercise during chemotherapy in people with gastrointestinal cancers: a pilot study
Authors: Park Song Ee , Kim Du Hwan , Kim Don-Kyu , Ha Joo Young , Jang Joung-Soon , Choi Jin Hwa , Hwang In Gyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in cancer patients, and exercise is one of the treatments to improve sarcopenia. However, there is currently insufficient evidence on whether exercise can improve sarcopenia in patients with advanced cancers. This study examined the feasibility of exercise in advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients treated with palliative chemotherapy.

Methods
Between 2020 and 2021, 30 patients were enrolled in a resistance and aerobic exercise program for six weeks. The exercise intervention program (EIP) consisted of low, moderate, and high intensity levels. Patients were asked to select the intensity level according to their ability. The primary endpoint was the feasibility of the EIP measured by compliance during the six weeks. A compliance of over 50% was considered acceptable. The secondary endpoints were changes in weight and muscle mass, safety, quality of life (QoL) and overall survival (OS).

Results
The median age of the study’s participants was 60 (30–77). The total compliance to the EIP was 63.3% (19/30 patients). Sixteen (53.3%) patients had a compliance of over 80%. The attrition rate was 30.0% (9/30). The mean exercise time was 41.4 min, and the aerobic exercise was 92.3% and the resistant exercise was 73.7%, and both exercise was 66.5%. Most patients performed the moderate intensity level exercises at home or near their home. The mean skeletal muscle index (SMI) was 43.5 cm2/m2 pre-chemotherapy and 42.2 cm2/m2 after six weeks of chemotherapy, with a decrease of -1.2 ± 2.8 cm2/m2 (-3.0%) (p = 0.030). In the poor compliance group, the mean SMI decrease was -2.8 ± 3.0 cm2/m2 which was significantly different (p = 0.033); however, in the good compliance group, the mean SMI decrease was -0.5 ± 2.5 cm2/m2 which was maintained over the six weeks (p = 0.337). The good compliance group had a significantly longer median OS compared with the poor compliance group (25.3 months vs. 7.9 months, HR = 0.306, 95% CI = 0.120–0.784, p = 0.014). The QoL showed a better score for insomnia (p = 0.042). There were no serious adverse events.

Conclusions
The EIP during palliative chemotherapy in advanced GI cancer patients showed good compliance. In the good compliance group, muscle mass and physical functions were maintained for six weeks. The EIP was safe, and the QoL was maintained. Based on this study, further research in exercise intervention in advanced cancer patients is needed.

Clinical trial registration
The clinical trial registration number is KCT 0005615 (CRIS, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/en/); registration date, 23rd Nov 2020.
Fluid-mechanical evaluation of different clutch geometries based on experimental and numerical investigations
Authors: Sax Christian , Stroh Alexander , Leister Robin , Denda Christian , Bürk Patrick , Dreisbach Maximilian , Kriegseis Jochen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWet clutches in their open state add losses caused by drag torque to the drive train, making the optimization of the disk design and drag torque reduction a core development aspect. The present work focuses on the influence of the chosen disk-groove geometry on the resulting flow topology in open wet clutches. Therefore, the flow topology of six different disk designs is investigated experimentally and numerically. Other influences of the operating conditions such as volume flow or other design elements such as wave springs are not considered. New parameters for the flow topology are derived, for a better description of the influence of the flow topology on the drag torque. Based on these insights strategies for further understanding of the complex flow topology on open wet clutches are derived and optimization approaches proposed.
Comparative analysis of malt quality and starch characteristics of three South Korean barley cultivars
Authors: Park Jiyoung , Chung Hyun-Jung , Park Hye Young , Park Hyun-Jin , Oh Sea-Kwan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, malt was produced in pilot-scale facilities and conditioned using three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars in South Korea (Heugho, Hopum, and Kwangmaeg). Quality and starch characteristics were compared. The starch content was considerably reduced in all malts. Coleoptile elongation was higher in Heugho (HHM; 85.7% ± 12.6%) and Hopum (HPM; 83.9% ± 10.7%) than in Kwangmaeg (KMM; 78.1% ± 9.9%) malt. Malt yield ranged from 81.8 to 84.9%, with no significant difference. All samples presented type A crystallinity, and granules showed discoid shapes. After malting, the mono- and di-saccharide contents (not including sucrose) were increased. The fermentable sugar level was the highest in HHM, whereas non-fermentable sugar was the highest in KMM. These results suggest that HPM enables efficient scarification based on the rapid degradation of starch, while Heugho barley and HHM have a high potential for beer and malt production, respectively.
GHASP: a Galileo HAS parser
Authors: Borio D. , Susi M. , Gioia C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGalileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) corrections are broadcast through the E6B signal using a high-parity vertical Reed-Solomon encoding scheme, which reduces message recovery time and improves transmission reliability. To recover HAS corrections, it is thus necessary to invert the encoding process and interpret the decoded bits. In order to foster HAS adoption and facilitate experimentation with HAS corrections, a Galileo HAS Parser (GHASP) has been developed. GHASP is available open-source and supports different input data types from different receiver manufacturers. Decoded corrections are provided in Comma-Separated Values files, which can be directly loaded using common data-science languages. In this way, corrections are readily available and can be used not only for Precise Point Positioning (PPP) applications but also for scientific analysis such as clock characterization using the Allan Deviation.