bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MHD instability dynamics and turbulence enhancement towards the plasma disruption at the HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Li Y. C. , Jiang M. , Xu Y. , Shi Z. B. , Xu J. Q. , Liu Yi. , Liang A. S. , Yang Z. C. , Wen J. , Zhang Y. P. , Wang X. Q. , Zhu Y. J. , Zhou H. , Li W. , Luo Y. , Su X. ,   HL-2A, Duan X. R. , Ding X. T. , Dong J. Q. , Yang Q. W. , Yan L. W. , Liu Yi , Zou X. L. , Liu D. Q. , Xuan W. M. , Chen L. Y. , Rao J. , Song X. M. , Mao W. C. , Wang Q. M. , Cao Z. , Li B. , Cao J. Y. , Lei G. J. , Zhang J. H. , Li X. D. , Wang S. J. , Liu A. D. , Bu M. N. , Chen Y. H. , Chen W. , Cheng J. , Cui C. H. , Cui Z. Y. , Deng Z. C. , Dong Y. B. , Feng B. B. , Gao Q. D. , Han X. Y. , Hong W. Y. , Hu H. T. , Huang M. , Huang Y. , Ji X. Q. , Kang Z. H. , Lan T. , Li G. S. , Li H. J. , Li Qing , Li Qiang , Li W. , Li Y. G. , Li Z. J. , Liu Z. T. , Luo C. W. , Mao X. H. , Pan Y. D. , Peng J. F. , Shao K. , Song X. Y. , Sun H. J. , Wang A. K. , Wang H. , Wang M. X. , Wang Y. Q. , Wang Z. T. , Xiao W. W. , Xiao Z. G. , Xie Y. F. , Yao L. H. , Yao L. Y. , Yu D. L. , Yuan B. S. , Zhao K. J. , Zheng Y. Z. , Zhong G. W. , Zhou C. P. , Zhou J. , Zhou Y. , Yan J. C. , Yu C. X. , Pan C. H. , Liu Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe evolutions of MHD instability behaviors and enhancement of both electrostatic and electromagnetic turbulence towards the plasma disruption have been clearly observed in the HL-2A plasmas. Two types of plasma disruptive discharges have been investigated for similar equilibrium parameters: one with a distinct stage of a small central temperature collapse ($$\sim$$
∼
5–10%) around 1 millisecond before the thermal quench (TQ), while the other without. For both types, the TQ phase is preceded by a rotating 2/1 tearing mode, and it is the development of the cold bubble from the inner region of the 2/1 island O-point along with its inward convection that causes the massive energy loss. In addition, the micro-scale turbulence, including magnetic fluctuations and density fluctuations, increases before the small collapse, and more significantly towards the TQ. Also, temperature fluctuations measured by electron cyclotron emission imaging enhances dramatically at the reconnection site and expand into the island when approaching the small collapse and TQ, and the expansion is more significant close to the TQ. The observed turbulence enhancement near the X-point cannot be fully interpreted by the linear stability analysis by GENE. Evidences suggest that nonlinear effects, such as the reduction of local $$E_r\times B$$

E
r

×
B

shear and turbulence spreading, may play an important role in governing turbulence enhancement and expansion. These results imply that the turbulence and its interaction with the island facilitate the stochasticity of the magnetic flux and formation of the cold bubble, and hence, the plasma disruption.
MiSelect R System: the validation of a new detection system of CTCs and their correlation with prognosis in non-metastatic CRC patients
Authors: Lin Chun-Chi , Yang Chih-Yung , Hung Tzu-Chao , Wang Chun-Hung , Wei Sheng-Wen , Schiro Perry , Tseng Ju-Yu , Lin Chi-Hung , Jiang Jeng-Kai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood are accepted as a prognostic marker for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there is limited data on the use of CTCs as a prognostic marker for non-metastatic patients. In the current study, we used a rare cell automated analysis platform, the MiSelect R System, to enumerate CTCs from blood in non-metastatic CRC patients, and corelated the number of CTCs with the clinical staging and survival. The presence of CTCs in mesenteric vein blood (MVB) samples from 101 CRC patients was significantly associated with T stage. Patients with 1 or more CTCs per 8 mL of MVB exhibited significantly worse disease-free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared to patient without CTCs. The presence of CTCs before surgery is an independent marker for both DFS and CSS. CTC presence after surgical resection is also a prognostic marker. CTCs are a potentially useful prognostic and predictive biomarker in non-metastatic CRC patients that may further stratify patient’s risk status within different stages of disease.
Estradiol-mediated protection against high-fat diet induced anxiety and obesity is associated with changes in the gut microbiota in female mice
Authors: Acharya Kalpana D. , Graham Madeline , Raman Harshini , Parakoyi Abigail E. R. , Corcoran Alexis , Belete Merzu , Ramaswamy Bharath , Koul Shashikant , Sachar Ishneet , Derendorf Kevin , Wilmer Jeremy B. , Gottipati Srikanth , Tetel Marc J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDecreased estrogens during menopause are associated with increased risk of anxiety, depression, type 2 diabetes and obesity. Similarly, depleting estrogens in rodents by ovariectomy, combined with a high-fat diet (HFD), increases anxiety and adiposity. How estrogens and diet interact to affect anxiety and metabolism is poorly understood. Mounting evidence indicates that gut microbiota influence anxiety and metabolism. Here, we investigated the effects of estradiol (E) and HFD on anxiety, metabolism, and their correlation with changes in gut microbiota in female mice. Adult C57BL/6J mice were ovariectomized, implanted with E or vehicle-containing capsules and fed a standard diet or HFD. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed and neuronal activation was measured by c-fos immunoreactivity throughout the brain using iDISCO. HFD increased anxiety-like behavior, while E reduced this HFD-dependent anxiogenic effect. Interestingly, E decreased neuronal activation in brain regions involved in anxiety and metabolism. E treatment also altered gut microbes, a subset of which were associated with anxiety-like behavior. These findings provide insight into gut microbiota-based therapies for anxiety and metabolic disorders associated with declining estrogens in menopausal women.
Distance mapping and volumetric assessment of the ankle and syndesmotic joints in progressive collapsing foot deformity
Authors: Dibbern Kevin , Vivtcharenko Victoria , Salomao Barbachan Mansur Nacime , Lalevée Matthieu , Alencar Mendes de Carvalho Kepler , Lintz François , Barg Alexej , Goldberg Andrew J. , de Cesar Netto Cesar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe early effects of progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) on the ankle and syndesmotic joints have not been three-dimensionally quantified. This case-control study focused on using weight bearing CT (WBCT) distance (DM) and coverage maps (CM) and volumetric measurements as 3D radiological markers to objectively characterize early effects of PCFD on the ankle and syndesmotic joints. Seventeen consecutive patients with symptomatic stage I flexible PCFD and 20 matched controls that underwent foot/ankle WBCT were included. Three-dimensional DM and CM of the ankle and syndesmotic joints, as well volumetric assessment of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis was performed as possible WBCT markers of early PCFD. Measurements were compared between PCFD and controls. Significant overall reductions in syndesmotic incisura distances were observed in PCFD patients when compared to controls, with no difference in the overall syndesmotic incisura volume at 1, 3, 5 and 10 cm proximally to the ankle joint. CMs showed significantly decreased articular coverage of the anterior regions of the tibiotalar joint as well as medial/lateral ankle joint gutters in PCFD patients. This study showed syndesmotic narrowing and decreased articular coverage of the anterior aspect of the ankle gutters and talar dome in stage I PCFD patients when compared to controls. These findings are consistent with early plantarflexion of the talus within the ankle Mortise, and absence of true syndesmotic overload in early PCFD, and support DM and CM as early 3D PCFD radiological markers.
Molecular simulations of SSTR2 dynamics and interaction with ligands
Authors: Gervasoni Silvia , Guccione Camilla , Fanti Viviana , Bosin Andrea , Cappellini Giancarlo , Golosio Bruno , Ruggerone Paolo , Malloci Giuliano 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe cyclic peptide hormone somatostatin regulates physiological processes involved in growth and metabolism, through its binding to G-protein coupled somatostatin receptors. The isoform 2 (SSTR2) is of particular relevance for the therapy of neuroendocrine tumours for which different analogues to somatostatin are currently in clinical use. We present an extensive and systematic computational study on the dynamics of SSTR2 in three different states: active agonist-bound, inactive antagonist-bound and apo inactive. We exploited the recent burst of SSTR2 experimental structures to perform μs-long multi-copy molecular dynamics simulations to sample conformational changes of the receptor and rationalize its binding to different ligands (the agonists somatostatin and octreotide, and the antagonist CYN154806). Our findings suggest that the apo form is more flexible compared to the holo ones, and confirm that the extracellular loop 2 closes upon the agonist octreotide but not upon the antagonist CYN154806. Based on interaction fingerprint analyses and free energy calculations, we found that all peptides similarly interact with residues buried into the binding pocket. Conversely, specific patterns of interactions are found with residues located in the external portion of the pocket, at the basis of the extracellular loops, particularly distinguishing the agonists from the antagonist. This study will help in the design of new somatostatin-based compounds for theranostics of neuroendocrine tumours.
The usefulness of immunohistochemistry for phosphohistone H3 as a prognostic factor in myxoid liposarcoma
Authors: Takazawa Akira , Yoshimura Yasuo , Okamoto Masanori , Tanaka Atsushi , Kito Munehisa , Aoki Kaoru , Uehara Takeshi , Takahashi Jun , Kato Hiroyuki , Nakayama Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMyxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is a common subtype of liposarcoma. Although the prognosis is generally good, there are factors known to be associated with poor prognosis. Accurate indices are important to predict prognosis. We aimed to assess the usefulness of immunohistochemistry for phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) as a potential biomarker in comparison with Ki-67 antigen and other prognostic factors. Twenty-five patients with MLS were evaluated. Age, sex, depth of tumor, tumor size, surgical margin, oncological outcome, histological grade, presence of necrosis, proportion of round cell component (RC%), PHH3 index, and Ki-67 index were examined. Prognostic factors of the examination criteria were statistically analyzed, survival rate analyses were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis. The number of PHH3-positive tumor cells and the PHH3 and Ki-67 indices demonstrated a statistical correlation with the prognosis of MLS in univariate analysis (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.01, respectively). PHH3 index and RC% were significant factors in multivariate analysis (P = 0.03, P = 0.02). The immunohistochemistry of PHH3 may be associated with prognosis and could serve as a valid criterion of histological grade in MLS.
Flat band ferromagnetism in Pb$$_2$$Sb$$_2$$O$$_7$$ via a self-doped mechanism
Authors: Hase I. , Higashi Y. , Eisaki H. , Kawashima K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectron systems with strong geometrical frustrations have flat bands, and their unusual band dispersions are expected to induce a wide variety of physical properties. However, for the emergence of such properties, the Fermi level must be pinned within the flat band. In this study, we performed first-principles calculations on pyrochlore oxide Pb$$_2$$

2

Sb$$_2$$

2

O$$_7$$

7

and theoretically clarified that the self-doping mechanism induces pinning of the Fermi level in the flat band in this system. Therefore, a very high density of states is realized at the Fermi level, and the ferromagnetic state transforms into the ground state via a flat band mechanism, although the system does not contain any magnetic elements. This compound has the potential to serve as a new platform for projecting the properties of flat band systems in the real world.
Occupation as a risk factor of small cell lung cancer
Authors: García Teresa Curiel , Ruano-Ravina Alberto , Candal-Pedreira Cristina , López-López Rafael , Torres-Durán María , Enjo-Barreiro José Ramón , Provencio Mariano , Parente-Lamelas Isaura , Vidal-García Iria , Martínez Cristina , Hernández-Hernández Jesús , Abdulkader-Nallib Ihab , Castro-Añón Olalla , Piñeiro-Lamas María , Varela-Lema Leonor , Fernández-Villar Alberto , Barros-Dios Juan , Pérez-Ríos Mónica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) comprises approximately 10% of all lung cancer cases. Tobacco is its main risk factor; however, occupation might play a role in this specific lung cancer subtype. The effect of occupation on SCLC risk has been hardly studied and therefore we aim to assess the role of occupation on the risk of SCLC. To do this, we designed a multicentric, hospital-based, case–control study. Cases consisted exclusively in SCLC patients and controls were recruited from patients having minor surgery at the participating hospitals. Face to face interviews emphasizing occupation and tobacco consumption were held and residential radon was also measured. Logistic regression models were adjusted with odds ratios with 95%CI as estimations of the effect. 423 cases and 905 controls were included. Smoking prevalence was higher in cases compared to controls. Those who worked in known-risk occupations for lung cancer showed an OR of 2.17 (95%CI 1.33; 3.52), with a similar risk when men were analysed separately. The results were adjusted by age, sex, smoking and indoor radon exposure. Those who worked in known-risk occupations and were moderate or heavy smokers had a SCLC risk of 12.19 (95%CI 5.68–26.38) compared with never or moderate smokers who had not worked in such occupations. Occupation is a relevant risk factor of SCLC, and it seems that its effect is boosted when tobacco smoking is present.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effectiveness of ultrasound guided dry needling in management of jumper’s knee: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sharif Faiza , Ahmad Ashfaq , Gilani Syed Amir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJumper’s knee is highly prevalent condition in athletes. Very limited evidence is available on clinical effects of tendon dry needling. Therefore, the objective of this study is to compare the effects of ultrasound-guided dry needling (UG-DN) combined with conventional physical therapy and conventional physical therapy alone in patients with jumper’s knee. A total of 96 patients with pre-diagnosed jumper’s knee were randomly assigned to experimental group (UG-DN + CPT) and conventional group (CPT alone) with 48 participants each. Pain intensity and functional disability were recorded using visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Patellar Tendinopathy (VISA-P) questionnaire, Lysholm Scale, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) respectively at baseline, at 1st, 2nd, and 4th week. Whereas ultrasonographic features of patellar tendon were measured through musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) at baseline and 4th week. Total 8 sessions of treatment were provided. Mann Whitney U test and Friedman test were used to compute between and within group differences respectively. P value was significant at 0.05. Results showed that patients in both groups had improvement in signs of jumper’s knee but the improvement in UG-DN + CPT group was more significant (p ≤ 0.05). Significant difference was seen after 4 weeks of intervention in UG-DN + CPT group in VAS (Median ± I.Q.R = 3 ± 1, p = 0.000), VISA-P (Median ± I.Q.R = 83.5 ± 7, p = 0.000), KOOS (Median ± I.Q.R = 83.5 ± 8, p = 0.000), , Lysholm (Median ± I.Q.R = 84 ± 5, p = 0.000) than CPT group VAS (Median ± I.Q.R = 1.5 ± 1, p = 0.000), VISA-P (Median ± I.Q.R = 92 ± 2, p = 0.000), KOOS (Median ± I.Q.R = 92 ± 3, p = 0.000), Lysholm (Median ± I.Q.R = 92 ± 4, p = 0.000) and ultrasonographic features of jumper’s knee were more significant in experimental group(p-value ≤ 0.05). The Ultrasound guided dry needling with conventional physical therapy of patellar tendon had been found an effective treatment for jumper’s knee and helps in reducing pain intensity, improving function and ultrasonographic features in patients with jumper’s knee. UG-DN + CPT group showed more significant results as compared to CPT.Trial registration: (IRCT20210409050913N1). Dated: 17.04.2021.
Deciphering timing and rates of Central German Chernozem/Phaeozem formation through high resolution single-grain luminescence dating
Authors: von Suchodoletz Hans , van Meer Mike , Kühn Peter , Wiedner Katja , Schunke Torsten , Reimann Tony 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChernozems/Phaeozems are important agricultural resources and have been intensively used for millennia. However, their origin and age are still controversial. In Europe, the westernmost widespread Chernozem/Phaeozem area is located in Central Germany. In contrast to other German regions with anthropogenic Chernozems/Phaeozems, their natural origin is suggested in connection with intensive bioturbation. Yet, radiocarbon is unsuitable for decoding Chernozem/Phaeozem formation so this hypothesis remains untested, whereas single-grain luminescence dating allows to discriminate between different soil sub-processes and formation phases. We applied single-grain feldspar luminescence to a Central German Chernozem that was buried during the Bronze Age and subsequently protected from pedogenic processes. For the first time, we could directly determine timing and rate of Chernozem/Phaeozem formation in Central Europe by dating bioturbation as the dominant soil forming process. Accordingly, Chernozem/Phaeozem formation started at the latest in the Early Holocene prior to Neolithic settlement indicating a natural origin of Central German Chernozems/Phaeozems, and Chernozem/Phaeozem formation ceased around 6–5 ka when the regional climate became more humid. Our effective soil reworking rates show that earthworm bioturbation in Chernozems/Phaeozems is more intense than ant-dominated bioturbation, but significantly less intense than bioturbation by lugworms or ploughing. The latter effect allows to identify prehistoric ploughing in paleosols.
An innovative destressing technology and key parameters determination in both sides of a deep roadway
Authors: Jiang Zaisheng , Chen Dongdong , Xie Shengrong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe general or single supporting theory and technology of the shallow surrounding rock of the roadway are not suitable for solving the problem of continuous large deformation of the both sides under the continuous migration of coal mass in the deep domain of the roadway side. Furthermore, the general destressing technology of dense drilling in the roadway destroys the shallow anchorage domain while releasing the stress. Therefore, this study proposes the “shallow supporting and deep destressing” synergism technology. This technology provides puissant supporting in the shallow domain of roadway sides, and at the same time, large destressing holes are excavated at the coal mass migration channel in deep stress peak domain far from the anchorage domain, conducting destressing regulation of roadway sides. This technology can shift stress peak domain of the roadway side to solid coal side of destressing hole without destroying the shallow anchorage domain, and at the same time, provide a buffer space for that coal mass in the deep domain of the roadway side continuously migrates to the anchorage surrounding rock, creating a beneficial stress circumstances for the roadway stability. The “shallow supporting and deep destressing” synergism technology can solve the contradiction between the shallow surrounding rock supporting and the continuous migration of coal mass in deep domain. The field application results show that the innovative destressing technology can effectively solve the problem of surrounding rock control in deep roadway.
An improved hyperparameter optimization framework for AutoML systems using evolutionary algorithms
Authors: Vincent Amala Mary , Jidesh P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor any machine learning model, finding the optimal hyperparameter setting has a direct and significant impact on the model’s performance. In this paper, we discuss different types of hyperparameter optimization techniques. We compare the performance of some of the hyperparameter optimization techniques on image classification datasets with the help of AutoML models. In particular, the paper studies Bayesian optimization in depth and proposes the use of genetic algorithm, differential evolution and covariance matrix adaptation—evolutionary strategy for acquisition function optimization. Moreover, we compare these variants of Bayesian optimization with conventional Bayesian optimization and observe that the use of covariance matrix adaptation—evolutionary strategy and differential evolution improves the performance of standard Bayesian optimization. We also notice that Bayesian optimization tends to perform poorly when genetic algorithm is used for acquisition function optimization.
Radar signal waveform based on Costas and Walsh‐Hadamard codes as electronic counter‐countermeasure
Authors: Matousek Z. , Perdoch J. , Pacek M. , Gazovova S. , Ochodnicky J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBelligerent sides of current military conflicts are first and foremost counting on intelligence, air supremacy, and electromagnetic spectrum dominance. Actual concepts of conducting military operations can be characterised by the massive employment of air defence systems, radars, and electronic warfare systems. An approach is aimed to strengthen air‐defence potential by improving the resilience of pulse radar against electronic warfare threats, such as an electronic attack. To cope with the above‐mentioned situation, a radar intrapulse modulation was designed, where a combination of Costas codes and Walsh‐Hadamard codes is applied. Using a particular waveform together with the proposed model for radar signal processing results in increased resilience against an electronic attack, especially against repeater jamming methods. Furthermore, it is also possible to process radar echoes at low levels of Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio (SNR), which enhances radar electronic counter–countermeasure capability. The main scientific contribution of the paper is in the unique design of the Pulse Compression Filter for Combined Intrapulse Modulation (PCF‐CIM) and in its modelling. Based on the statistical evaluation of results, using the proposed radar waveform together with PCF‐CIM, it is possible to detect radar signals with combined intrapulse modulation in the case of SNR ≥ −14 dB with TPR ≥0.9999 and FPR ≤10−6, where SNR stands for Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio, TPR stands for True Positive Rate, and FPR stands for False Positive Rate.