bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Dissection of Epsin‐1 N‐Terminal Helical Peptide: The Role of Hydrophobic Residues in Modulating Membrane Curvature
Authors: Nishimura Motoki , Kawaguchi Yoshimasa , Kuroki Kakeru , Nakagawa Yuna , Masuda Toshihiro , Sakai Takayuki , Kawano Kenichi , Hirose Hisaaki , Imanishi Miki , Takatani‐Nakase Tomoka , Afonin Sergii , Ulrich Anne S. , Futaki Shiroh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpatiotemporal structural alterations in cellular membranes are the hallmark of many vital processes. In these cellular events, the induction of local changes in membrane curvature often plays a pivotal role. Many amphiphilic peptides are able to modulate membrane curvature, but there is little information on specific structural factors that direct the curvature change. Epsin‐1 is a representative protein thought to initiate invagination of the plasma membrane upon clathrin‐coated vesicles formation. Its N‐terminal helical segment (EpN18) plays a key role in inducing positive membrane curvature. This study aimed to elucidate the essential structural features of EpN18 in order to better understand general curvature‐inducing mechanisms, and to design effective tools for rationally controlling membrane curvature. Structural dissection of peptides derived from EpN18 revealed the decisive contribution of hydrophobic residues to (i) enhancing membrane interactions, (ii) helix structuring, (iii) inducing positive membrane curvature, and (iv) loosening lipid packing. The strongest effect was obtained by substitution with leucine residues, as this EpN18 analog showed a marked ability to promote the influx of octa‐arginine cell‐penetrating peptides into living cells.
Enantioselective Organocatalysis and Superacid Activation: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Michelet Bastien , Martin‐Mingot Agnès , Rodriguez Jean , Thibaudeau Sébastien , Bonne Damien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSince the pioneer reports of the groups of Akiyama and Terada on Brønsted acid organocatalysis, this field never stopped growing with the development of ingenious strategies for the activation of challenging poorly reactive substrates. The development of superacidic organocatalysts is an important way to selectively functionalize reluctant electrophiles and other approaches have also emerged such as the combination of Lewis and Brønsted acids as well as the consecutive organocatalysis and superacid activation. This Concept aims to highlight these different strategies and demonstrate their complementarity.
New SAMD9L heterozygous mutation leading to myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Monagel Dania A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSAMD9L mutation is linked to the development of myeloid neoplasm. The mutation has a wide range of clinical presentations involving neurological, immunological, and hematological manifestations. Until now, limited data regarding different variants of this genetic mutation existed. Here we present a 6‐year‐old girl who presented with acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic changes and who carries a new germline variant mutation in the SAMD9L gene.Case PresentationA 6‐year‐old girl who presented initially as a case of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was later diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic changes. In addition, she was found to have a new germline variant mutation in the SAMD9L gene (other known pathogenic variants known to cause ataxia pancytopenia syndrome). She was treated with chemotherapy followed by haplo identical transplant from her unaffected father. She is alive 30 months post‐transplant and in complete remission with full donor chimerism. Her initial brain MRI showed mild prominence of the anterior (superior) vermis folia, suggesting mild atrophy. Ongoing surveillance for accompanied neurological manifestation is ongoing, although the patient is asymptomatic.ConclusionFor SAMD‐9L‐related disorder, a careful approach must be taken when a patient presents with a suspicious clinical feature even without a well‐known genetic mutation giving the diverse presentation across affected members within the same family. In addition, other associated abnormalities should be monitored long‐term.
Comparison of metaheuristic optimization algorithms for numerical solutions of optimal control problems
Authors: Çimen Murat Erhan , Garip Zeynep , Boz Ali Fuat 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe objective in optimal control problems is to determine the control rule to be applied according to the objective function determined for a given system. Theoretically, different solution methods have been developed starting from calculus of variation such as Pontriagin, Hamilton, or Riccati. In this study, apart from analytical methods, it is proposed to apply algorithms inspired by nature to the same problem. Among these algorithms, genetic algorithm, firefly algorithm, Harris Hawk's optimization algorithm, and differential evolution optimization algorithm have been applied to given optimal control problems and their successes were compared in terms of statistical analysis such as minimum, maximum, average, Wilcoxon, and Friedman analysis. The originality of this study is to control the system with discrete control rule by partitioning the control signal, to be applied to the system which is wanted to be optimally controlled. This will allow the control of different techniques, such as MPC or NMPC, which will contribute to the determination of the global optimum control rule, especially in the solution of nonlinear systems. In addition, three different applications have been performed to demonstrate. As a result of these experiments, it has been shown that these algorithms can be applied successfully to such problems.
Reversible Entropy‐Driven Defect Migration and Insulator‐Metal Transition Suppression in VO2 Nanostructures for Phase‐Change Electronic Switching
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yang Wanli , Zhang Lepeng , Huang Tiantian , Niu Linkui , Xu Peiran , Chen Zhimin , Chen Xin , Hu Weida , Dai Ning 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOxygen defects are among essential issues and required to be manipulated in correlated electronic oxides with insulator‐metal transition (IMT). Besides, surface and interface control are necessary but challenging in field‐induced electronic switching towards advanced IMT‐triggered transistors and optical modulators. Herein, we demonstrated reversible entropy‐driven oxygen defect migrations and reversible IMT suppression in vanadium dioxide (VO2) phase‐change electronic switching. The initial IMT was suppressed with oxygen defects, which is caused by the entropy change during reversed surface oxygen ionosorption on the VO2 nanostructures. This IMT suppression is reversible and reverts when the adsorbed oxygen extracts electrons from the surface and heals defects again. The reversible IMT suppression observed in the VO2 nanobeam with M2 phase is accompanied by large variations in the IMT temperature. We also achieved irreversible and stable IMT by exploiting an Al2O3 partition layer prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to disrupt the entropy‐driven defect migration. We expected that such reversible modulations would be helpful for understanding the origin of surface‐driven IMT in correlated vanadium oxides, and constructing functional phase‐change electronic and optical devices.
Impact of Chemical and Physical Properties of Organic Solvents on the Gas and Hydrogen Formation during Laser Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Fromme Theo , Tintrop Lucie K. , Reichenberger Sven , Schmidt Torsten C. , Barcikowski Stephan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLaser ablation in liquids has been established as a scalable preparation method of nanoparticles for various applications. Particularly for materials prone to oxidation, it is established to suppress oxidation by using organic solvents as a liquid medium. While this often functionalizes the nanoparticles with a carbon shell, the related chemical processes that result from laser‐induced decomposition reactions of the organic solvents remain uncertain. Using a systematic series of C6 solvents complemented by n‐pentane and n‐heptane during the nanosecond laser ablation of gold, the present study focuses on the solvent‐dependent influence on gas formation rates, nanoparticle productivity, and gas composition. Both the permanent gas and hydrogen formation was found to be linearly correlated with ablation rate, ΔHvap, and pyrolysis activation energy. Based on this, a decomposition pathway linked to pyrolysis is proposed allowing the deduction of first selection rules for solvents that influence the formation of carbon or permanent gases.
Development of Carbon Nanotube/Graphene‐Based Alginate Interpenetrating Hydrogels for Removal of Antibiotic Pollutants
Authors: Ni Kaijie , Xu Ruiqi , Wang Rui , Guo Ming , Chen Yanyang , Zhao Yuming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe extensive use of pharmaceutical antibiotics in treatment of human and animal infections has resulted in growing concerns about antibiotic pollution worldwide. In this work a novel interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel has been developed to function as an effective and non‐selective adsorbent for various antibiotic pollutants in aqueous solution. This IPN hydrogel is made of multiple active components, including carbon nanotube (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and urea‐modified sodium alginate (SA). It can be readily prepared through efficient carbodiimide‐mediated amide coupling reaction followed by calcium chloride‐induced alginate cross‐linking. The structural properties, swellability, and thermal stability of this hydrogel have been investigated, while its adsorption properties towards an important antibiotic pollutant, tetracycline, was thoroughly characterized based on adsorption kinetic and isotherm analyses. With a BET surface area of 38.7 m2/g, the IPN hydrogel shows an excellent adsorption capacity of 84.28±4.2 mg/g towards tetracycline in water, while the adsorption capacity is decreased by only 18 % after four cycles of use, demonstrating very good reusability. Adsorptive performance in removing two other antibiotics, neomycin and erythromycin, has also been examined and compared. Overall, our studies disclose that this newly designed hybrid hydrogel is an effective and reusable adsorbent material for treating antibiotic pollution in the environment.
The roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases in cancer progression and targeted therapy
Authors: Sampson Chibuzo , Wang Qiuping , Otkur Wuxiyar , Zhao Haifeng , Lu Yun , Liu Xiaolong , Piao Hai‐long 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUbiquitination is one of the most important post‐translational modifications which plays a significant role in conserving the homeostasis of cellular proteins. In the ubiquitination process, ubiquitin is conjugated to target protein substrates for degradation, translocation or activation, dysregulation of which is linked to several diseases including various types of cancers. E3 ubiquitin ligases are regarded as the most influential ubiquitin enzyme owing to their ability to select, bind and recruit target substrates for ubiquitination. In particular, E3 ligases are pivotal in the cancer hallmarks pathways where they serve as tumour promoters or suppressors. The specificity of E3 ligases coupled with their implication in cancer hallmarks engendered the development of compounds that specifically target E3 ligases for cancer therapy. In this review, we highlight the role of E3 ligases in cancer hallmarks such as sustained proliferation via cell cycle progression, immune evasion and tumour promoting inflammation, and in the evasion of apoptosis. In addition, we summarise the application and the role of small compounds that target E3 ligases for cancer treatment along with the significance of targeting E3 ligases as potential cancer therapy.
Spatial analysis for highly multiplexed imaging data to identify tissue microenvironments
Authors: Patrick Ellis , Canete Nicolas P. , Iyengar Sourish S. , Harman Andrew N. , Sutherland Greg T. , Yang Pengyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHighly multiplexed in situ imaging cytometry assays have made it possible to study the spatial organization of numerous cell types simultaneously. We have addressed the challenge of quantifying complex multi‐cellular relationships by proposing a statistical method which clusters local indicators of spatial association. Our approach successfully identifies distinct tissue architectures in datasets generated from three state‐of‐the‐art high‐parameter assays demonstrating its value in summarizing the information‐rich data generated from these technologies.
Addition of formaldehyde releaser imidazolidinyl urea and MOPS buffer to urine samples enables delayed processing for flow cytometric analysis of urinary cells: A simple, two step conservation method of urinary cells for flow cytometry
Authors: Freund Paul , Skopnik Christopher M. , Metzke Diana , Goerlich Nina , Klocke Jan , Grothgar Emil , Prskalo Luka , Hiepe Falk , Enghard Philipp 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionKidney diseases are a major health concern worldwide. Currently there is a large unmet need for novel biomarkers to non‐invasively diagnose and monitor kidney diseases. Urinary cells are promising biomarkers and their analysis by flow cytometry has demonstrated its utility in diverse clinical settings. However, up to date this methodology depends on fresh samples, as cellular event counts and the signal‐to‐noise‐ratio deter over time. Here we developed an easy‐to‐use two‐step preservation method for conservation of urine samples for subsequent flow cytometry.MethodsThe protocol utilizes a combination of the formaldehyde releasing agent imidazolidinyl urea (IU) and MOPS buffer, leading to gentle fixation of urinary cells.ResultsThe preservation method increases acceptable storing time of urine samples from several hours to up to 6 days. Cellular event counts and staining properties of cells remain comparable to fresh untreated samples.OutlookThe hereby presented preservation method facilitates future investigations on flow cytometry of urinary cells as potential biomarkers and may enable broad implementation in clinical practice.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of parotid mucinous myoepithelioma with follow‐up histopathology: A case report
Authors: Thakur Abha , Lipi Lipika , Sarin Haimanti , Goel Ruchika K. , Gupta Rajiv , Sarin Deepak 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMyoepitheliomas are rare tumours of salivary glands. Mucinous myoepithelioma (MM) is a newly described variant with rare cases reported in the literature. This case report highlights cytopathologic features with histologic follow up of MM.
Functions of LKB1 in neural crest development: The story unfolds
Authors: Thibert Chantal , Lucas Anthony , Billaud Marc , Torch Sakina , Mével‐Aliset Marie , Allard Jordan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNeural crest cells (NCCs) are highly motile, multipotent, embryonic cells that delaminate from the dorsal edges of the neural tube. NCCs follow stereotypical long‐range migratory pathways to reach target organs during development, where they give rise to multiple derivatives. The identification of reservoirs of neural crest stem cells that persist to adulthood has recently aroused renewed interest in the biology of NCCs. In this context, several recent studies have demonstrated the essential role of the metabolic kinase LKB1 in NCC establishment. This review surveys how LKB1 governs the formation and maintenance of several neural crest derivatives, including facial bones, melanocytes, Schwann cells, and the enteric nervous system. We also detail the underlying molecular mechanisms that involve downstream effectors of LKB1, in particular the contribution of the AMPK‐mTOR signaling pathway to both polarity and metabolic processes. Collectively, these recent discoveries open promising perspectives for new therapeutic applications for the treatment of neural crest disorders.
Dry season plant water sourcing in contrasting tropical ecosystems of Costa Rica
Authors: Sánchez‐Murillo Ricardo , Todini‐Zicavo Diego , Poca María , Birkel Christian , Esquivel‐Hernández Germain , Chavarría María Marta , Zuecco Giulia , Penna Daniele 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTracer‐aided studies to understand plant water uptake sources and dynamics in tropical ecosystems are limited. Here, we report the analysis of dry season source water uptake patterns of five unique ecosystems of Costa Rica across altitudinal (<150–3,400 m asl) and latitudinal (Caribbean and Pacific slopes) gradients: evergreen and seasonal rainforests, cloud forest, Páramo and dry forest. Soil and plant samples were collected during the dry season in 2021. Plant and soil water extractions were conducted using centrifugation. Stem water extracted volume and stem total water content were calculated via gravimetric analysis. Water source contributions were estimated using a Bayesian mixing model. Isotope ratios in soil and stems exhibited a strong meteoric origin. Enrichment trends were only detected in stems and cactus samples within the dry forest ecosystem. Soil profiles revealed nearly uniform isotopic profiles; however, a depletion trend was observed in the Páramo ecosystem below 25 cm. More enriched compositions were reported in cactus samples for extracted water volumes above ~20% (adj. r2 = 0.34, p < 0.01). The most prominent dry season water source in the evergreen rainforest (74.0%), seasonal rainforest (86.4%) and cloud forest (66.0%) corresponded to well‐mixed soil water. In the Páramo ecosystem, recent rainfall produced by trade wind incursions resulted in the most significant water source (61.9%), whereas in the dry forest, mean annual precipitation (38.6%) and baseflow (33.1%) were the dominant sources. The latter highlights the prevalence of distinct water uptake sources between recent cold front rainfall (near‐surface soil storage) to more well‐mixed soil moisture during the dry season, revealing ecohydrological processing previously unknown in this tropical region.
Competition in a changing world: invasive aquatic plant is limited by saltwater encroachment
Authors: McDonald Ashley M. , Martin Charles W. , Adams Carrie R. , Reynolds Laura K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCompetitive interactions between native and nonindigenous species occur under conditions of ongoing environmental alterations related to urbanization and climate change, presenting a challenge to understanding invasiveness. Indigenous submerged aquatic vegetation species have been negatively impacted by nutrient enrichment and saltwater intrusion, while simultaneously experiencing a rapid spread in nonindigenous competitors. To better predict future shifts in freshwater macrophyte community dominance, investigations need to consider how these multiscale disturbances influence competitiveness of nonindigenous macrophytes. Using an outdoor greenhouse mesocosm setup for approximately 19 weeks over the course of subtropical winter, we experimentally examined how nutrient enrichment, salinity, and the interaction of both factors influence the competitive interactions between a native macrophyte with moderate salinity tolerance, wild celery (Vallisneria americana), and a highly invasive macrophyte with lower salinity tolerance, hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata). We tested the factors of macrophyte composition (hydrilla monoculture, wild celery monoculture, or biculture), salinity (0, 4, or 8), and fertilization (ambient or fertilized) on biomass production, biomass allocation, and morphological metrics as responses to environmental condition and interspecific competition. Fertilizer enhanced wild celery leaf area (more than twofold) and shifted allocation toward aboveground biomass, but did not enhance hydrilla competitiveness. Salinity negatively affected wild celery leaf area (by 7.5%–67.8%) and biomass (by 4%–15%) and also reduced hydrilla belowground biomass production (by 6%–25%) but did not influence competition. An interaction effect of fertilizer and salinity negatively influenced hydrilla growth, however the combined factors did not influence competitive outcomes. The lack of evidence for a competitive advantage by hydrilla in this study demonstrates that salinity exposure sufficiently limits a highly invasive plant's competitive abilities and subsequent suppression of a native species.
Calibrating occupancy to density estimations to assess abundance and vulnerability of a threatened primate in Tanzania
Authors: Greco Ilaria , Paddock Christina Lynette , McCabe Gráinne Michelle , Barelli Claudia , Shinyambala Steven , Mtui Arafat S. , Rovero Francesco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe current decline of mammals worldwide makes quantitative population assessments crucial, especially for range‐restricted and threatened species. However, robust abundance estimations are challenging for elusive or otherwise difficult to detect species. Alternative metrics requiring only presence/absence data, that is, occupancy, are possible but calibration with independent density estimates should be foreseen, although rarely performed. Here, we calibrated density estimates from acoustic surveys to occupancy estimates from camera‐trapping detections to derive the abundance of the endangered Sanje mangabey (Cercocebus sanjei) across its entire range in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania. We found marked occupancy–density relationships for the two forest blocks where this primate occurs and used them to derive spatially explicit density estimates. Occupancy increased in montane forest zones at mid‐elevation but decreased slightly with proximity to forest borders. We predicted an average density (±SE) of 0.26 ± 0.05 groups/km2 in the national park and 0.24 ± 0.06 in the nature reserve. Accordingly, and given the much larger area of the reserve, the average predicted individual abundance was 1555 ± 325 and 2471 ± 571 in the national park and nature reserve, respectively. We found higher density and abundance in the nature reserve compared with previous studies. Given the past disturbance and poorer protection in the nature reserve relative to the national park, our results instill optimism for the status of the species, although occupancy analysis highlighted the potential vulnerability of this primate to human disturbance. Our approach appears valuable for spatially explicit density estimations of elusive species, and provides robust assessments of vulnerability and identification of priority areas for conservation of threatened populations.