bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A perspective on cross‐kingdom RNA interference in mutualistic symbioses
Authors: Qiao Serena A. , Gao Zongyu , Roth Ronelle 
Published: July 2023

SummaryRNA interference (RNAi) is arguably one of the more versatile mechanisms in cell biology, facilitating the fine regulation of gene expression and protection against mobile genomic elements, whilst also constituting a key aspect of induced plant immunity. More recently, the use of this mechanism to regulate gene expression in heterospecific partners – cross‐kingdom RNAi (ckRNAi) – has been shown to form a critical part of bidirectional interactions between hosts and endosymbionts, regulating the interplay between microbial infection mechanisms and host immunity. Here, we review the current understanding of ckRNAi as it relates to interactions between plants and their pathogenic and mutualistic endosymbionts, with particular emphasis on evidence in support of ckRNAi in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.
Maternal obesity: A potential disruptor of female fertility and current interventions to reduce associated risks
Authors: Muhammad Tahir , Wan Yanling , Lv Yue , Li Hanzhen , Naushad Wasifa , Chan Wai‐Yee , Lu Gang , Chen Zi‐Jiang , Liu Hongbin 
Published: July 2023

SummaryCurrently, obesity has achieved epidemic levels in reproductive‐aged women with a myriad of consequences. Obesity is susceptible to several reproductive complications that eventually affect fertility rates. These complications originate from the deteriorated quality of oocytes from mothers with obesity, which increases the probability of chromosomal aneuploidy, elevated reactive oxygen species production, compromised embryonic developmental competency, and eventually reduced fertility. Maternal obesity is linked to pregnancy complications such as implantation error, abortion, miscarriage, and early pregnancy loss. This review highlights the adverse effects of maternal obesity on female fertility, with a focus on the mechanistic link between maternal obesity and oocyte quality and discusses possible measures to reduce its associated risks.
Craniofacial anomalies in a murine model of heterozygous fibroblast growth factor 10 gene mutation
Authors: Tan Jenny , Jones Matthew L. M. , Teague Warwick J. , Ranjitkar Sarbin , Anderson Peter J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveDysregulation of Fibroblast Growth Factor 10 (FGF10), a member of the family of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) proteins, has been implicated in craniofacial and dental anomalies, including craniosynostosis, cleft palate, and Lacrimo‐Auriculo‐Dento‐Digital Syndrome. The aim of this murine study was to assess the craniofacial and dental phenotypes associated with a heterozygous FGF10 gene (FGF10+/−) mutation at skeletal maturity.MethodsSkulls of 40 skeletally mature mice, comprising two genotypes (heterozygous FGF10+/− mutation, n = 22; wildtype, n = 18) and two sexes (male, n = 23; female, n = 17), were subjected to micro‐computed tomography. Landmark‐based linear dimensions were measured for the cranial vault, maxilla, mandible, and first molar teeth. Multivariate analysis of variance was performed to assess whether there were significant differences in the craniofacial and dental structures between genotypes and sexes.ResultsThe craniomaxillary skeleton and the first molar teeth were smaller in the FGF10+/− mice (P < .05), but the mandible was unaffected. Sex did not have a significant effect on these structures (P > .05). Cranial sutural defects were noted in 5/22 (22.7%) mutant versus 2/18 (11.1%) wildtype mice, and cleft palate in only one (4.5%) mutant mouse. None of the mice displayed craniosynostosis, expansive bony lesions, bifid condyles, or impacted teeth.ConclusionThe FGF10+/− mutation was associated with craniomaxillary skeletal hypoplasia that probably arose from deficient (delayed) intramembranous ossification of the sutured bones. Overall, the skeletal and dental data suggest that the FGF10 gene plays an important role in the aetiology of craniofacial dysmorphology and malocclusion.
Clinical and immunological characteristics of 69 leukocyte adhesion deficiency‐I patients
Authors: Fazlollahi Mohammad Reza , Hamidieh Amir Ali , Moradi Leila , Shokouhi Shoormati Raheleh , Sabetkish Nastaran , Esmaeili Behnaz , Badalzadeh Mohsen , Alizadeh Zahra , Shamlou Somayeh , Movahedi Masoud , Mahloujirad Maryam , Razaghian Anahita , Arshi Saba , Gharagozlou Mohammad , Kalantari Arash , Bemanian Mohammad Hassan , Safari Mojgan , Heidarzadeh Arani Marzieh , Nabavi Mohammad , Parvaneh Nima , Sadeghi‐Shabestari Mahnaz , Behfar Maryam , Behniafard Nasrin , Sherkat Roya , Ahmadian Heris Javad , Shariat Mansoureh , Radmehr Roshanak , Houshmand Massoud , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Molitor Anne , Carapito Raphael , Bahram Seiamak , Pourpak Zahra , Moin Mostafa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn order to support the comprehensive classification of Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency‐I (LAD‐I) severity by simultaneous screening of CD11a/CD18, this study assessed clinical, laboratory, and genetic findings along with outcomes of 69 LAD‐I patients during the last 15 years.MethodsSixty‐nine patients (40 females and 29 males) with a clinical phenotype suspected of LAD‐I were referred to Immunology, Asthma, and Allergy research institute, Tehran, Iran between 2007 and 2022 for further advanced immunological screening and genetic evaluations as well as treatment, were enrolled in this study.ResultsThe diagnosis median age of the patients was 6 months. Delayed umbilical cord separation was found in 25 patients (36.2%). The median diagnostic delay time was 4 months (min–max: 0–82 months). Forty‐six patients (66.7%) were categorized as severe (CD18 and/or CD11a: below 2%); while 23 children (33.3%) were in moderate category (CD18 and/or CD11a: 2%–30%). During the follow‐ups, 55.1% of children were alive with a mortality rate of 44.9%. Skin ulcers (75.4%), omphalitis (65.2%), and gingivitis (37.7%) were the most frequent complaints. Genetic analysis of the patients revealed 14 previously reported and three novel pathogenic mutations in the ITGB2 gene. The overall survival of patients with and without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 79.3% and 55.6%, respectively.ConclusionPhysicians' awareness of LAD‐I considering delayed separation of umbilical cord marked neutrophilic leukocytosis, and variability in CD11 and CD18 expression levels, and genetic analysis leads to early diagnosis and defining disease severity. Moreover, the prenatal diagnosis would benefit families with a history of LAD‐I.
Seeing Green: Lifecycles of an Arctic Agricultural Frontier☆
Authors: Price Mindy Jewell 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImaginaries of empty, verdant lands have long motivated agricultural frontier expansion. Today, climate change, food insecurity, and economic promise are invigorating new agricultural frontiers across the circumpolar north. In this article, I draw on extensive archival and ethnographic evidence to analyze mid‐twentieth‐century and recent twenty‐first‐century narratives of agricultural development in the Northwest Territories, Canada. I argue that the early frontier imaginary is relatively intact in its present lifecycle. It is not simply climactic forces that are driving an emergent northern agricultural frontier, but rather the more diffuse and structural forces of capitalism, governmental power, settler colonialism, and resistance to those forces. I also show how social, political, and infrastructural limits continue to impede agricultural development in the Northwest Territories and discuss how smallholder farmers and Indigenous communities differently situate agricultural production within their local food systems. This paper contributes to critical debates in frontiers and northern agriculture literature by foregrounding the contested space between the state‐driven and dominant public narratives underpinning frontier imaginaries, and the social, cultural, and material realities that constrain them on a Northwest Territories agricultural frontier.
Migration Across Metro‐Nonmetro Boundaries and Hourly Wages☆
Authors: Li Xiao , MacLean Alair 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrevious scholars have demonstrated that nonmetro residents who move to metro areas earn higher wages. It remains an open question whether this metro wage advantage persists in the contemporary era, and how migrating influences young adults from metro areas. Migrants may earn higher wages due to higher education. Alternatively, they may earn lower wages because they lack social capital. They may experience different associations of migration and wages when growing up in nonmetro versus metro areas due to different family backgrounds, education, and community contexts. This article uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 97 and multilevel/mixed‐effects models to test these competing predictions. The findings show that young adults earned higher wages if they worked in metro rather than in nonmetro areas, regardless of migration, confirming a metro wage advantage. People who left nonmetro areas earned higher wages than if they stayed, consistent with a “rural brain drain.” In addition, people earned similar wages if they stayed in, returned, and moved from metro to nonmetro areas, even though migrants and returnees had higher average education. The non‐significant wage differences may be due to the less diverse wage structure in nonmetro labor markets and in‐migrants' lack of social capital.
Vitamin D deficiency contributes to overtraining syndrome in excessive trained C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Talvas J. , Norgieux C. , Burban E. , Giraudet C. , Patrac V. , Salles J. , Rigaudière J.‐P. , Capel F. , le Bacquer O. , Ouchchane L. , Richard R. , Walrand S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOvertraining syndrome is a condition resulting from excessive training load associated with inadequate recovery and poor sleep quality, leading to performance decrements and fatigue. Here we hypothesized that vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is a lead factor in the development of the overtraining syndrome. To test this hypothesis, two groups of 60‐week‐old C57BL/6 mice followed a 16‐week excessive eccentric‐based overtraining by excessive downhill running with or without dietary VitD depletion (EX and EX‐D− groups). Two control groups were trained by uphill running at the same load with or without VitD depletion (CX and CX‐D− groups). Handgrip strength decreased throughout the protocol for all groups but the decrease was sharper in EX‐D− group (VitD × training, p = 0.0427). At the end of the protocol, the mass of Triceps brachii muscle, which is heavily stressed by eccentric contractions, was reduced in eccentric‐trained groups (training effect, p = 0.0107). This atrophy was associated with a lower concentration of the anabolic myokine IL‐15 (training effect, p = 0.0314) and a tendency to a higher expression of the atrogene cathepsin‐L (training effect, p = 0.0628). VitD depletion led to a 50% decrease of the fractional protein synthesis rate in this muscle (VitD effect, p = 0.0004) as well as decreased FGF21 (VitD effect, p = 0.0351) and increased osteocrin (VitD effect, p = 0.038) concentrations that would lead to metabolic defects. Moreover, the proportion of anti‐inflammatory Th2 lymphocytes was significantly decreased by the combination of eccentric training with VitD depletion (vitD × training, p = 0.0249) suggesting a systemic inflammation. Finally, exploratory behavior time of mice was decreased by VitD depletion (VitD effect, p = 0.0146) suggesting a cognitive dysfunction. Our results suggest that VitD deficiency exacerbates the effects of overtraining.
Early evolution of the megadiverse subtribe Philonthina (Staphylinidae: Staphylininae: Staphylinini) and its Neotropical lineage
Authors: Ramírez‐Salamanca José M. , Cornejo Paula , Chani‐Posse Mariana R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhilonthina (2864 species in 74 genera) represents almost one‐half of the diversity of Staphylinini and is the largest of its subtribes. Most Philonthina species are found in tropical areas, but the origin of this diversity is still not well understood, mainly because their systematics belongs to a past era of taxonomy. Such is the case of a group of genera, most of them endemic to the Neotropical region (NT), whose monophyly has been repeatedly confirmed and which constitutes the so‐called Neotropical lineage (NL). However, basal relationships have not been clarified, neither for Philonthina nor its NL. The NL includes ∼300 species and 26 genera, but two of them (Belonuchus Nordmann and Paederomimus Sharp) account for two‐thirds of its species. Here, using the largest molecular‐based phylogeny of Philonthina and its NL to date, a time‐calibrated phylogeny, and ancestral range reconstructions for the NL, we explore the evolutionary history of Philonthina with a focus on its NL to reveal their early evolution and diversification in the NT. We show that Philonthina originated during the Late Cretaceous ∼ 67.6 Ma and diversified into five main lineages mostly during the Eocene. The NL originated in northwestern South America (SA) and the Andes not earlier than 64.2 Ma from a Laurasian lineage present in SA ∼49.1–69.9 Ma. Shortly afterward, that is, 39.9–56.9 Ma, the NL diversified into the Andean clade and the most species‐rich Belonuchus‐Paederomimus group. Our analyses recover northwestern SA and the Andes as the primary centers of diversification. Dispersal events to the northern landmasses took place at least three times during the Miocene in the early evolution of the NL.
Dennett’s prime‐mammal objection to the consequence argument
Authors: Gustafsson Johan E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Consequence Argument is the classic argument for the incompatibility of determinism and our ability to do otherwise. Daniel C. Dennett objects that the Consequence Argument suffers from the same error as a clearly unconvincing argument that there are no mammals. In this paper, I argue that these arguments do not suffer from the same error. The argument that there are no mammals is unconvincing as it takes the form of a sorites, whereas the Consequence Argument does not. Accordingly, Dennett's objection misses its mark.
The effect of ferritin‐guided iron supplementation among Danish female first‐time blood donors
Authors: Drechsler Louise Ørnskov , Boldsen Jens Kjærgaard , Hindhede Lotte , Aagaard Bitten , Harritshøj Lene Holm , Mikkelsen Christina , Brodersen Thorsten , Brøns Nanna , Schwinn Michael , Hjalgrim Henrik , Rostgaard Klaus , Topholm Bruun Mie , Ostrowski Sisse Rye , Pedersen Ole Birger , Mikkelsen Susan , Erikstrup Christian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe identification of blood donors at risk of developing low hemoglobin (Hb) and subsequent intervention is expected to reduce donation‐induced iron deficiency and low Hb among blood donors. This study explores the effects of ferritin‐guided iron supplementation for female first‐time donors implemented in four of five administrative regions in Denmark.Study Design and MethodsWe included 45,919 female first‐time donors in this study. Hb values were determined in donations of included donors during a 2‐year follow‐up period. For each region, an intervention group (after implementation) and a control group (before implementation) were defined. The primary outcome was Hb below the donation threshold (7.8 mmol/L ~ 12.5 g/dL) at the time of donation, in the control group, and the intervention group, using logistic regression. The secondary outcome was the number of donations per donor given during the follow‐up period.ResultsWe observed a statistically significant decrease in the risk of female first‐time donors experiencing a donation with low Hb after ferritin‐guided iron supplementation was introduced: Odds ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71–0.95. We found a statistically significant increase in the number of donations per donor during the follow‐up period after intervention; rate ratio: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.08.DiscussionFerritin‐guided iron supplementation led to a significant reduction in the occurrence of low hemoglobin (Hb) levels among Danish female first‐time blood donors. The intervention was additionally associated with an increase in the number of donations per donor.
Increased frequency of false‐positive bacterial detection after implementation of new guidelines for large‐volume delayed sampling of platelets
Authors: Al‐Ghafry Maha , Senaldi Eric 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe updated guidance for improving bacterial detection (BD) of platelets has included the implementation of large‐volume delayed sampling (LVDS) with the addition of anaerobic culture bottles (BPNs) and sampling of each platelet split product.MethodsThe frequency of BD was reviewed during this LVDS time period in comparison with pre‐LVDS and the Post‐Approval Surveillance Study of Platelet Outcomes, Release Tested (PASSPORT) study (when BPNs were last used).ResultsThere was more than a twofold increase in bottles inoculated per collection during LVDS, with an almost fivefold increase in sample volume collected. During LVDS, the concordance of split products within an initial reactive collection was only 8.7%. There was no difference in LVDS aerobic culture bottle (BPA) true positives (TPs), but there was a significant increase in LVDS false positives (FPs), p < .0001, compared to both PASSPORT and pre‐LVDS, respectively. There was an increase in BPN TPs during LVDS (p < .05 compared to PASSPORT), with predominance of Cutibacter acnes (C. acnes), noted exclusively in BPN, and accounting for more than two‐fifths of all organisms detected. Time to alarm during LVDS for TPs had two peaks with one due to C. acnes at 96 h compared to 17 h for non‐C. acnes.DiscussionThe high FP frequency, along with low clinical significance of TPs found in BPNs, has led to the needless discard of inventory, as the utility of BPNs in BD for platelets is yet to be established and may require much larger studies.
Phylogeny of the tribe Riorajini with comments on the morphological character evolution within Rajiformes (Chondrichthyes, Batoidea)
Authors: Soares Karla D. A. , Moreira Renan A. , Gomes Ulisses L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe tribe Riorajini is composed of four species,Rioraja agassizii,Atlantoraja castelnaui,A. cyclophoraandA. platana, which are endemic to the inshore waters of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Previous studies have hypothesized the monophyly of this group but interrelationships within its members remain not fully understood. In this study, we analysed quantitative as well as qualitative morphological characters related to external morphology, squamation, neurocranium, visceral arches, pectoral and pelvic girdles and claspers, totalizing 82 characters, representing a greater number than previously used in studies focused on rajiform systematics. 24 terminal taxa were included, and two different analyses were carried out testingNarcine brasiliensisandPseudobatos horkeliias roots of the cladogram. The monophyly of Riorajini is supported by five quantitative and three discrete characters, including a caudal length smaller than disc length, sensory pores and mucous canals darkly pigmented on ventral surface of disc, and preorbital flange present. Clasper morphology was phylogenetically informative since it contributes to diagnoseRiorajain which an accessory terminal 2 cartilage is absent and to support a sister relationship betweenA. cyclophora + A. platana. Squamation, teeth and neurocranial morphology need to be thoroughly investigated in order to revise their terminology, propose and test hypotheses of homology and improve our knowledge on morphological variation regarding ontogeny and sexual dimorphism.
Low‐dimensional linear representations of mapping class groups
Authors: Korkmaz Mustafa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLet be a compact orientable surface of genus with marked points in the interior. Franks–Handel (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 141 (2013) 2951–2962) proved that if then the image of a homomorphism from the mapping class group of to is trivial if and is finite cyclic if . The first result is our own proof of this fact. Our second main result shows that for up to conjugation there are only two homomorphisms from to : the trivial homomorphism and the standard symplectic representation. Our last main result shows that the mapping class group has no faithful linear representation in dimensions less than or equal to . We provide many applications of our results, including the finiteness of homomorphisms from mapping class groups of nonorientable surfaces to , the triviality of homomorphisms from the mapping class groups to or to , and homomorphisms between mapping class groups. We also show that if the surface has marked point but no boundary components, then is generated by involutions if and only if and .
The strong decay of higher vector $$\Upsilon$$(11020) state in the framework of non-relativistic quark model
Authors: Hapareer Moustafa Ismail , Allosh M. , Hassan G. S. , Shalaby Asmaa G. , Yasser A. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn analytical study of a source of Beauty mesons (B mesons) by the Strong decay of $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
(11020) is performed to obtain various modes of B mesons. The non-relativistic quark model framework is used to predict the masses of the bottomonium mesons. The strong decay of the $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
(11020) state is calculated utilizing Quark Pair Creation model. In addition, the branching ratio of the strong decay has been calculated for each decay width and using them to estimate the number of B-meson pairs for each strong decay width. The results show reasonable agreement with recent Particle Data Group data, in particular with the total strong decay width of $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
(11020). The $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
(11020) particle is expected to be a good candidate for the conventional $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
(6S) state and provides both types of strange and non-strange B mesons. We found new conclusions for the strong decay widths of the $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
(11020) in the relativistic phase space. The strong width of the $$B^{*}B^{*}$$

B

∗

B

∗

channel is predicted to be the highest width by the ratio ($$\cong 51\%$$

≅
51
%

) concerning higher vector $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
(11020) State. In addition, the specific $$B_{s}B_{s}^{*}$$

B
s

B

s

∗

channel is expected to be the highest width relative to higher $$\Upsilon$$
Υ
resonances.
Inputs, Outputs, and Composition in the Logic of Information Flows
Authors: Aamer Heba , Bogaerts Bart , Surinx Dimitri , Ternovska Eugenia , Van den Bussche Jan 
Published: July 2023

The logic of information flows (LIF) is a general framework in which tasks of a procedural nature can be modeled in a declarative, logic-based fashion. The first contribution of this article is to propose semantic and syntactic definitions of inputs and outputs of LIF expressions. We study how the two relate and show that our syntactic definition is optimal in a sense that is made precise. The second contribution is a systematic study of the expressive power of sequential composition in LIF. Our results on composition tie in the results on inputs and outputs and relate LIF to first-order logic (FO) and bounded-variable LIF to bounded- variable FO.

This article is the extended version of a paper presented at KR 2020 [
2
].