bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomisierte klinische Studie zur Kompressionstherapie der Unterschenkel bei Patienten mit Psoriasis
Authors: Krefting Frederik , Hölsken Stefanie , Moelleken Maurice , Dissemond Joachim , Sondermann Wiebke 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Psoriasisplaques an den Unterschenkeln zeigen sich oftmals besonders therapierefraktär. Eine Kompressionstherapie könnte an dieser Lokalisation möglicherweise eine sinnvolle ergänzende Therapiemaßnahme darstellen. Jedoch bestehen oft Bedenken, dass ein Köbner-Phänomen zu einer Verschlechterung des Hautbefundes führen könnte. Daher sollten in dieser Studie die Effekte einer Kompressionstherapie auf Psoriasisplaques bei gleichzeitig bestehenden Ödemen an den Unterschenkeln untersucht werden.

Patienten und Methoden
Es erfolgte ein Halbseitenversuch bei dem zusätzlich zum „standard of care“ eine 4‑wöchige Kompressionstherapie durchgeführt wurde. Der primäre Endpunkt war das klinische Ansprechen der Psoriasis-Plaques an den Unterschenkeln im Seitenvergleich gemessen mittels Lesion Severity Score (LSS) und der lokal betroffenen Körperoberfläche in Woche 4 im Vergleich zum Ausgangsbefund. Sekundäre Endpunkte bezogen sich auf „patient-reported outcomes“.

Ergebnisse
In die finale Analyse gingen die Daten von 30 Patienten ein. Die mittleren LSS-Befunde sowie die subjektiven Schmerzen der Patienten zeigten in der rein deskriptiven Auswertung eine geringgradig stärkere Verbesserung im Bereich des komprimierten im Vergleich zum nicht komprimierten Unterschenkel. Es ergaben sich keine Hinweise auf ein Köbner-Phänomen.

Diskussion
Es handelt sich um die erste klinische Studie, die systematisch den Einfluss einer Kompressionstherapie auf Psoriasisplaques untersuchte. Im Untersuchungszeitraum von 4 Wochen ergaben sich zwar keine signifikanten Besserungen der Psoriasisplaques, allerdings auch keine Hinweise für eine Verschlechterung des Hautbefundes. Folglich kann eine antiödematöse Kompressionstherapie bei Patienten mit Psoriasis unter Beachtung der grundlegenden Kontraindikationen ohne Komplikationen durchgeführt werden.
Myeloid-specific deletion of chitinase-3-like 1 protein ameliorates murine diet-induced steatohepatitis progression
Authors: Kim Andrea D. , Kui Lin , Kaufmann Benedikt , Kim Sung Eun , Leszczynska Aleksandra , Feldstein Ariel E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chitinase-3-like 1 protein (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein, strongly correlated with fibrosis severity in chronic liver diseases including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the mechanisms by which CHI3L1 contributes to fibrogenesis remain undefined. Here, we showed that infiltrating monocyte-derived liver macrophages represent the main source of CHI3L1 in murine NASH. We developed a floxed CHI3L1 knock-out (KO) mouse to further study the cell-specific role of CHI3L1 ablation. Wildtype (WT) and myeloid cell-specific CHI3L1 KO mice (CreLyz) were challenged with a highly inflammatory and fibrotic dietary model of NASH by administering choline-deficient high-fat diet for 10 weeks. Macrophage accumulation and inflammatory cell recruitment were significantly ameliorated in the CreLyz group compared to WT (F4/80 IHC p < 0.0001, CD11b IHC p < 0.0001). Additionally, hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and fibrosis were strongly decreased in this group (α-SMA IHC p < 0.0001, picrosirius red staining p < 0.0001). In vitro studies were performed stimulating bone marrow derived macrophages, THP-1 (human monocytes) and LX2 (human HSCs) cells with recombinant CHI3L1 to dissect its relationship with fibrosis development. Results showed an important role of CHI3L1 regulating fibrosis-promoting factors by macrophages (TGFB1 p < 0.05, CTGF p < 0.01) while directly activating HSCs (ACTA2 p < 0.01, COL1A1 p < 0.01), involving IL13Rα2 as the potential mediator. Our findings uncovered a novel role of CHI3L1 derived from liver macrophages in NASH progression and identifies this protein as a potential anti-fibrotic therapeutic target.

Key messages

We showed that CHI3L1 expression is increased in murine CDAA-HFAT diet NASH model, and that infiltrating macrophages are a key source of CHI3L1 production.

Myeloid cell-specific CreLyz CHI3L1 knock-out in mice fed with CDAA-HFAT diet improved the NASH phenotype, with significantly reduced accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages and neutrophils compared with WT group.

DEG and qPCR analysis of genes in CreLyz CHI3L1 knock-out mouse liver showed the mechanistic role of CHI3L1 in cellular chemotaxis.

HSC is directly activated by CHI3L1 via receptor IL13Rα2, leading to upregulation of collagen deposition and pro-fibrotic gene, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 release in whole liver.

Direct stimulation of macrophages with CHI3L1 leads to upregulated expression of HSC-activation factors, suggesting its role in modulating macrophage-HSC crosstalk.
Assessment of the corpus callosum size in male individuals with high intelligence quotient (members of Mensa International)
Authors: Urbanik Andrzej , Guz Wiesław , Gołębiowski Marek , Szurowska Edyta , Majos Agata , Sąsiadek Marek , Stajgis Marek , Ostrogórska Monika 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the size of the corpus callosum in members of Mensa International, which is the world’s largest and oldest high-intelligence quotient (IQ) society.

Methods
We performed T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (Repetition Time, TR = 3200 ms, Time of Echo, TE = 409 ms) to examine the brain of members of Mensa International (Polish national group) in order to assess the size of the corpus callosum. Results from 113 male MENSA members and 96 controls in the age range of 21–40 years were analyzed.

Results
The comparative analysis showed that the mean length of the corpus callosum and the thickness of the isthmus were significantly greater in the Mensa members compared to the control groups. A statistically significant difference was also identified in the largest linear dimension of the brain from the frontal lobe to the occipital lobe. The mean corpus callosum cross-sectional area and its ratio to the brain area were significantly greater in the Mensa members.

Conclusions
The results show that the dimensions (linear measures and midsagittal cross-sectional surface area) of the corpus callosum were significantly greater in the group of Mensa members than in the controls.
Suicide rates in the Slovak Republic in 2011–2020
Authors: Sivcova Veronika , Moravansky Norbert , Novakova Dorota , Brazinova Alexandra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Suicide is a serious public health problem leading to premature mortality. The aim of the present study is to describe and analyze the trends of suicide rates in the Slovak Republic in 2011–2020.

Methods
Trends of age-standardized suicide rates were described and incidence rate ratios of suicide were analyzed by negative binomial regression. The age-standardized rates of death by the undetermined intent and its ratio to suicide rate were calculated.

Results
The overall suicide rate for the Slovak population was 7.58 per 100,000. Age-standardized suicide rate had a declining trend in the reported period, from 10.24 in 2011 to 6.65 per 100,000 in 2020. The highest suicide rate was in the oldest age groups. The male to female ratio was 6.09. The most common method of suicide in the Slovak population was hanging. The age-standardized rate of deaths by undetermined intent increased from 15.72 in 2011 to 18.46 per 100,000 in 2020.

Conclusion
We observed the overall declining annual suicide mortality trends in the Slovak Republic in 2011–2020. Further investigation is necessary to understand the exceptionally high undetermined intent mortality.
Multimodal dance style transfer
Authors: Yin Wenjie , Yin Hang , Baraka Kim , Kragic Danica , Björkman Mårten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper first presents CycleDance, a novel dance style transfer system that transforms an existing motion clip in one dance style into a motion clip in another dance style while attempting to preserve the motion context of the dance. CycleDance extends existing CycleGAN architectures with multimodal transformer encoders to account for the music context. We adopt a sequence length-based curriculum learning strategy to stabilize training. Our approach captures rich and long-term intra-relations between motion frames, which is a common challenge in motion transfer and synthesis work. Building upon CycleDance, we further propose StarDance, which enables many-to-many mappings across different styles using a single generator network. Additionally, we introduce new metrics for gauging transfer strength and content preservation in the context of dance movements. To evaluate the performance of our approach, we perform an extensive ablation study and a human study with 30 participants, each with 5 or more years of dance experience. Our experimental results show that our approach can generate realistic movements with the target style, outperforming the baseline CycleGAN and its variants on naturalness, transfer strength, and content preservation. Our proposed approach has potential applications in choreography, gaming, animation, and tool development for artistic and scientific innovations in the field of dance.
Gender bias perpetuation and mitigation in AI technologies: challenges and opportunities
Authors: O’Connor Sinead , Liu Helen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcross the world, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are being more widely employed in public sector decision-making and processes as a supposedly neutral and an efficient method for optimizing delivery of services. However, the deployment of these technologies has also prompted investigation into the potentially unanticipated consequences of their introduction, to both positive and negative ends. This paper chooses to focus specifically on the relationship between gender bias and AI, exploring claims of the neutrality of such technologies and how its understanding of bias could influence policy and outcomes. Building on a rich seam of literature from both technological and sociological fields, this article constructs an original framework through which to analyse both the perpetuation and mitigation of gender biases, choosing to categorize AI technologies based on whether their input is text or images. Through the close analysis and pairing of four case studies, the paper thus unites two often disparate approaches to the investigation of bias in technology, revealing the large and varied potential for AI to echo and even amplify existing human bias, while acknowledging the important role AI itself can play in reducing or reversing these effects. The conclusion calls for further collaboration between scholars from the worlds of technology, gender studies and public policy in fully exploring algorithmic accountability as well as in accurately and transparently exploring the potential consequences of the introduction of AI technologies.
Ethics of using artificial intelligence (AI) in veterinary medicine
Authors: Coghlan Simon , Quinn Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper provides the first comprehensive analysis of ethical issues raised by artificial intelligence (AI) in veterinary medicine for companion animals. Veterinary medicine is a socially valued service, which, like human medicine, will likely be significantly affected by AI. Veterinary AI raises some unique ethical issues because of the nature of the client–patient–practitioner relationship, society’s relatively minimal valuation and protection of nonhuman animals and differences in opinion about responsibilities to animal patients and human clients. The paper examines how these distinctive features influence the ethics of AI systems that might benefit clients, veterinarians and animal patients—but also harm them. It offers practical ethical guidance that should interest ethicists, veterinarians, clinic owners, veterinary bodies and regulators, clients, technology developers and AI researchers.
Flow dynamics in a model of a dilated thoracic aorta prior to and following prosthetic replacement
Authors: Ledda Pier Giuseppe , Badas Maria Grazia , Matta Gildo , Querzoli Giorgio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We numerically investigate the flow dynamics in a model of a dilated thoracic aorta, and compare the flow features with the case of a prosthetic replacement in its ascending part. The flow is characterized by an inlet jet which impacts the aortic walls and sweeps toward the aortic arch. Secondary flows generated by the transvalvular jet evolve downstream into a helical flow. The small curvature radius at the end of the aortic arch induces flow separation and vortex shedding in the initial part of the descending aorta, during the systole. The implantation of a prosthesis determines several modifications in the global and local flow patterns. An increase of the pulse wave velocity in the aorta leads to larger pressures inside the vessel, due to the geometrical and rigidity modifications. The sweeping jet is more aligned along the axial direction and propagates faster along the aortic arch. Consequently, a stronger separation of the flow downstream of the aortic arch is observed. By also exploiting manifold analysis, we identify regions characterized by near-wall disordered flows which may present intense accumulation and drop of concentration of biochemicals. These regions are localized downstream of the prosthetic replacement, in the aortic arch, and may be more prone to a new emergence of vessel dilation.

Graphical Abstract
A comparison of robotic‐assisted and manual techniques in restricted kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty: coronal alignment improvement with no significant clinical differences
Authors: Turan Kayhan , Camurcu Yalkin , Kezer Murat , Uysal Yunus , Kizilay Yusuf Onur , Ucpunar Hanifi , Temiz Abdulaziz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare radiographic and clinical outcomes of robotic‐assisted and conventional manual techniques in restricted kinematically aligned TKA.MethodsPatients who underwent either manual or robotic‐assisted restricted kinematically aligned TKA between 2019 and 2020 were included in this retrospective comparative study. Radiographic outcomes comprised coronal plane measurements performed through standing full‐length anteroposterior radiographs. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Oxford score, Visual Analog Scale pain and satisfaction score, and Forgotten Joint Score were used to determine the clinical outcome. The continuous data were compared by Student’s t test according to the Kolmogorov‒Smirnov normality test.ResultsThe manual group consisted of 46 patients (38 females, eight males) with a mean age of 68.1 years, and the robotic group consisted of 70 patients (58 females, 12 males) with a mean age of 65.7 years (n.s.). Preoperatively, no significant difference was observed between groups concerning demographic characteristics, radiographic measurements, and clinical scores except for the symptom and pain domains of the KOOS score, which was significantly worse in the manual group (p = 0.011 and 0.035, respectively). At the postoperative 2‐year follow‐up, we observed significant differences between groups with respect to the mean HKA angle, mMPTA, and mLDFA (p = 0.034, 0.041, and 0.005, respectively). A comparison of clinical scores at the postoperative 2‐year follow‐up demonstrated no significant differences between groups.ConclusionThe current study demonstrated that using robotic‐assisted technique for restricted kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) resulted in significantly better outcomes compared to the conventional manual technique in achieving normal ranges of lower extremity coronal alignment measurements. While the robotic‐assisted group demonstrated better clinical scores, there was no statistically significant difference in clinical outcomes between the robotic‐assisted group and the control group at the two‐year follow‐up. Concerning clinical relevance, the restoration of original anatomy and coronal alignment, a crucial concern in restricted kinematically aligned TKA, may be better achieved by the robotic‐assisted technique.Level of evidenceLevel III (Retrospective cohort study).
Information spillover in multiple zero-sum games
Authors: Pahl Lucas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper considers an infinitely repeated three-player zero-sum game with two-sided incomplete information, in which an informed player plays two zero-sum games simultaneously at each stage against two uninformed players. This is a generalization of the model in Aumann et al. (Repeated games with incomplete information. MIT Press, New York, 1995) of two-player zero-sum one-sided incomplete information games. Under a correlated prior, the informed player faces the problem of how to optimally disclose information among two uninformed players in order to maximize his long-term average payoffs (i.e., undiscounted payoffs). Our objective is to understand the adverse effects of “information spillover” from one game to the other in the equilibrium payoff set of the informed player. We provide conditions under which the informed player can fully overcome such adverse effects and characterize equilibrium payoffs. In a second result, we show how the effects of information spillover on the equilibrium payoff set of the informed player might be severe. Finally, we compare our findings on the equilibrium-payoff set of the informed player with those of Bayesian Persuasion models with multiple receivers.
Benefits and risks of using bacterial- and plant-produced nano-silver for Japanese quail hatching-egg sanitation
Authors: Hamouda Nagwa H. , Saleh W. D. , Nasr N. F. , El Sabry M. I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis research compared how bacterial-, plant-produced silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and TH4 affected the eggshells microbial load and quail chicks' liver structure, embryonic mortality, and features related to hatchability. Ag-NPs were sensitized by bacterial and plant methods, and then identified by UV–visible spectroscopy, TEM, and FTIR spectroscopy. B-Ag-NPs were found in spherical shapes in size ranging from 7.09 to 18.1 nm versus multi-shape with size range of 25.0–78.1 nm for P-Ag-NPs. A total number of 624 eggs (in three equal groups) of Japanese quail flock were sprayed with TH4 as control, B-Ag-NPs and P-Ag-NPs. Thereafter, three eggs were sampled randomly from each group for determining important microbial groups. The remaining eggs were incubated according to the recommended incubation conditions. On the day of hatching, the percentages of hatchability and embryonic mortality were measured. Besides, five chicks from each treatment were slaughtered and the livers were utilized for ICP and histological tests. The effects of all three treatments on the microbial count in eggshells were comparable, according to the results. In addition, there was no negative effect on either hatchability percentage or embryonic mortality rate. The liver structure from both B-Ag-NPs and P-Ag-NPs treatments exhibited severe and moderate degeneration of hepatocytes, which may indicate possible hazardous effects of using nanoparticles. Using TH4 did not cause liver structure abnormality. In conclusion, using Ag-NPs for sanitizing hatching eggs effectively reduces the eggshell microbial count without affecting the hatchability percentage. Nevertheless, histological changes are appropriate to be considered as a safety parameter in Ag-NPs applications.
Protein overproduction alters exosome secretion in Chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Steć Aleksandra , Targońska Monika , Karkosińska Edyta , Słowik Monika , Płoska Agata , Kalinowski Leszek , Wielgomas Bartosz , Waleron Krzysztof , Jasiecki Jacek , Dziomba Szymon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the abundance of available cell lines, nearly 70% of all recombinant therapeutic proteins today are produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The impact of protein overproduction on the secretion of exosomes by CHO cells has been investigated here. Increased secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by protein overexpressing CHO cells was demonstrated with protein content assay, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and capillary electrophoresis. Our results revealed that a protein overproduction might induce EVs secretion, which might be accompanied by the sequestration and loading of overexpressed proteins into the exosomes. These findings are of vital importance for the manufacturing of therapeutics in CHO expression systems due to the risk of product loss during downstream processing of culture medium as well as the application of exosomes as nanocarriers of therapeutic proteins. The study indicates also the importance of culturing process control.
NMR-based comparison of the metabolome of beef from Simmental and black-and-white young bulls during wet- and dry-aging
Authors: Bischof Greta , Witte Franziska , Terjung Nino , Januschewski Edwin , Heinz Volker , Juadjur Andreas , Gibis Monika 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTaste as an eating quality factor of beef can be influenced by the selection of the raw material and aging method. The metabolic changes of different breeds during aging were analyzed in wet-aged and dry-aged beef up to 28 days of aging using samples from the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum of the Simmental and Black-and-White breeds by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Breed affected the metabolome of beef samples before and during the aging of beef. The concentration of 24 of the 30 metabolites differed significantly (P < 0.05) in unaged samples of both breeds. In addition, aging time and aging type of beef samples showed partially different effects on the metabolome caused by the breed. Aging time significantly affected (P < 0.05) 30 metabolites in beef of both breeds. Aspartate, betaine, creatinine, glycine, and niacinamide correlated with aging time only in samples of Black-and-White breed. Five metabolites (carnitine, creatine, inosine 5’ monophosphate, lactic acid and O-acetyl-l-carnitine) varied significantly (P < 0.05) between dry-aged and wet-aged beef of both breeds.
Prenatal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and therapeutic options for fetal thoracic anomalies: a pictorial essay
Authors: Caro-Domínguez Pablo , Victoria Teresa , Ciet Pierluigi , de la Torre Estrella , Toscano Ángel Chimenea , Diaz Lutgardo García , Sainz-Bueno José Antonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCongenital thoracic anomalies are uncommon malformations that require a precise diagnosis to guide parental counseling and possible prenatal treatment. Prenatal ultrasound (US) is the gold standard imaging modality to first detect and characterize these abnormalities and the best modality for follow-up. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a complementary tool that provides multiplanar assessment and tissue characterization and can help estimate prognosis. Prenatal treatment is increasingly being used in fetuses with signs of distress and to potentially decrease morbidity and mortality. In this essay, the authors illustrate side-by-side US, MRI and therapeutic options for congenital thoracic anomalies in cases that presented to a tertiary pediatric hospital during the 7-year period 2014–2021. Entities included are congenital diaphragmatic hernia, congenital pulmonary airway malformation, bronchopulmonary sequestration, hybrid lesions, foregut duplications cysts and congenital lobar overinflation. Treatment options include maternal steroids, thoraco-amniotic shunt and fetal endotracheal occlusion. Recognition of typical findings in congenital thoracic anomalies is helpful to establish diagnosis, predict prognosis and plan perinatal treatment.
Graphical Abstract