bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SGIM-BFPT: an approach based on Brawer’s fixed-point theorem to eliminate the significant association between random gene sets and survival time
Authors: Maghsoudi Maryam , Aghdam Rosa , Eslahchi Changiz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cancer research aims to identify genes that cause or control disease progression. Although a wide range of gene sets have been published, they are usually in poor agreement with one another. Furthermore, recent findings from a gene-expression cohort of different cancer types, known as positive random bias, showed that sets of genes chosen randomly are significantly associated with survival time much higher than expected. In this study, we propose a method based on Brouwer’s fixed-point theorem that employs significantly survival-associated random gene sets and reveals a small fixed-point gene set for cancers with a positive random bias property. These sets significantly correspond to cancer-related pathways with biological relevance for the progression and metastasis of the cancer types they represent. Our findings show that our proposed significant gene sets are biologically related to each cancer type available in the cancer genome atlas with the positive random bias property, and by using these sets, positive random bias is significantly more reduced in comparison with state-of-the-art methods in this field. The random bias property is removed in 8 of these 17 cancer types, and the number of random sets of genes associated with survival time is significantly reduced in the remaining 9 cancers.
Effectiveness of Deep Learning Classifiers in Histopathological Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Pathologists
Authors: Sukegawa Shintaro , Ono Sawako , Tanaka Futa , Inoue Yuta , Hara Takeshi , Yoshii Kazumasa , Nakano Keisuke , Takabatake Kiyofumi , Kawai Hotaka , Katsumitsu Shimada , Nakai Fumi , Nakai Yasuhiro , Miyazaki Ryo , Murakami Satoshi , Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Miyake Minoru 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: The study aims to identify valid histological classifiers from histopathological images of oral squamous cell carcinoma using convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning models, and attempts to show how the learning results of the identified valid deep learning classifier models can be used as a reference to help oral pathologists improve their diagnostic performances.
Methods: Histopathological samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma were prepared by an oral pathologist. Images were divided into tiles on a virtual slide, and labels (squamous cell carcinoma, normal, and others) were applied to the images containing cells. The CNNs used were VGG16 and ResNet50 with the optimizers SGD and SAM, both with and without a learning rate scheduler. The conditions for achieving good CNN performances were identified by examining the performance metrics. Furthermore, we used ROCAUC to statistically evaluate the improvement in the diagnostic performance of six oral pathologists by using the results obtained from the selected CNN model for assisted diagnosis.
Results: Of all model combinations, VGG16 with SAM showed the highest performance. The performance metrics obtained for this optimal model were accuracy = 0.8622 and AUC = 0.9602. The diagnostic performances of the oral pathologists were significantly improved statistically when the diagnostic results of the best model were used as supplementary diagnoses (p-value = 0.031).
Conclusions: It was found that by referring to the learning results of the best model classifier via deep learning, the diagnostic accuracy of the pathologists can be improved. This study contributes to the application of highly reliable deep learning models to the field of oral pathological diagnosis.
Peak stress and peak strain evaluation of concrete columns confined with lateral ties under by Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: qu dechao , chang wei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The peak stress and peak strain of concrete columns confined with lateral stirrups were an important indicators for evaluating the load-bearing capacity and axial deformation of concrete columns under axial compression. However, it was hard to determine the peak stress and peak strain of concrete confined with lateral ties under axial compression due to complicated arching actions of transverse reinforcements and longitudinal reinforcements and the complex interaction between concrete and lateral ties. In this paper, two typical artificial neural networks (ANN) including (BP networks and Elamn networks) were applied to evaluate the peak stress and peak strain of concrete columns confined with lateral ties based on a reliable database consisting of 196 test data sets for peak stress and 166 test data sets for peak strain collected from previous studies. Both of the proposed ANN models had high prediction performance in the training and testing process. And By comparing with existing analytical models, the proposed BP networks had high reliability and high applicable in predicting the peak stress of confined concrete, while the Elman network had high reliability and high applicable in peak strain of concrete columns confined with lateral ties. Furthermore, based on the sensitive analysis, the concrete strength and the properties of lateral ties have obvious influence on the peak stress of confined concrete, while the volumetric ratio of lateral ties had significant effects on the peak strain of confined concrete.
An Orthodontic Path Planning Method Based on Improved Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Du Xiaozhi , Yu Ting , Chen Kai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Automatic tooth arrangement and path planning plays an essential role in computer-aided orthodontic treatment. However, state-of-the-art methods have some shortcomings: low efficiency, excessive cost of displacements or collisions and insufficient accuracy. To address these issues, this paper proposes an innovative orthodontic path planning method based on the improved gray wolf optimization algorithm, which is called OPP-IGWO. First, the tooth model is preprocessed to obtain initial pose in which each tooth is segmented and built up with an oriented bounding box (OBB). Next, the target pose of each tooth is determined through the ideal dental arch curve and the optimal jaw principle. Finally, the path from the initial pose to the target pose of each tooth is planned based on IGWO, which is improved mainly from three aspects: (1) The greedy idea is adopted to initialize the gray wolf population based on dental interpolation. (2) The linear convergence factor in the traditional gray wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) is replaced with a non-linear convergence factor. (3) We propose a position update strategy based on a dynamic weighting approach, which introduces a learning rate for each gray wolf. The experimental results show that our OPP-IGWO method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Compared with improved genetic algorithm (IGA), normal simplified mean particle swarm optimization algorithm (NSMPSO), multiparticle improved swarm optimization (Mutil-IPSO) and improved artificial bee colony algorithm (IABC), the OPP-IGWO has an improvement on performance by 14.22%, 11.46%, 6.32% and 5.27% respectively.
A new equation of four infinite series and sums by using a generalized recurrence relation
Authors: Louiz Akram 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Motivated by the fundamental presence of mathematics in all engineering and scientific fields, I made this mathematical article in order to answer many of my personal questions which are also not answered questions in mathematics. This is a mathematical article that proves a useful recurrence relation that is very useful for mathematics demonstrations. The article proves also that four infinite series are equivalent. Hence, this article opens new opportunities to demonstrate and develop new mathematical findings and observations. The demonstrated formulas of this article can also be very useful for all the fields that apply mathematics and especially infinite series and sums.
Checking the rationality of a kind of Theta Functions by starting with a formula of Poisson
Authors: Louiz Akram 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This is a mathematical example and a logical opportunity for those who doubt the summation of Poisson or the related definitions of Riemann. By using a formula of Poisson, this article makes a mathematical proof by considering that a limit of a sum is rational. Finally, you will find a logical explanation based on mathematical principles that may be helpful for all students of Analysis who will find a new opportunity to demonstrate.
Inhibition of ACSL4 ameliorates tubular ferroptotic cell death and protects against fibrotic kidney disease
Authors: Dai Yue , Chen Yuting , Mo Dexiameng , Jin Rui , Huang Yi , Zhang Le , Zhang Cuntai , Gao Hongyu , Yan Qi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death, characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxidation. Ample evidence has depicted that ferroptosis plays an essential role in the cause or consequence of human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disease and acute kidney injury. However, the exact role and underlying mechanism of ferroptosis in fibrotic kidney remain unknown. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) has been demonstrated as an essential component in ferroptosis execution by shaping lipid composition. In this study, we aim to discuss the potential role and underlying mechanism of ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis of tubular epithelial cells (TECs) during renal fibrosis. The unbiased gene expression studies showed that ACSL4 expression was tightly associated with decreased renal function and the progression of renal fibrosis. To explore the role of ACSL4 in fibrotic kidney, ACSL4 specific inhibitor rosiglitazone (ROSI) was used to disturb the high expression of ACSL4 in TECs induced by TGF-β, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and fatty acid (FA)-modeled mice, and furthermore we used ACSL4 siRNA to knockdown ACSL4 in TGF-β-induced HK2. The results demonstrated that inhibition and knockdown of ACSL4 effectively attenuated the occurrence of ferroptosis of TECs and alleviated the interstitial fibrotic response. In addition, the expression of various profibrotic cytokines all decreased after ROSI-treated in vivo and in vitro. Further investigation showed that inhibition of ACSL4 significantly attenuates the progression of renal fibrosis by reducing the proferroptotic precursors arachidonic acid- and adrenic acid- containing phosphatidylethanolamine (AA-PE and AdA-PE). In conclusion, these results suggest ACSL4 is essential for tubular ferroptotic death during kidney fibrosis development and ACSL4 inhibition is a viable therapeutic approach to preventing fibrotic kidney diseases.
Cost of In-patient Management of Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Kuwait
Authors: Nur Amrizal Muhammad , Aljunid Syed Mohamed , Almari Mohammad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Among the GCC countries affected by COVID-19 infections, Kuwait was impacted with 658,520 cases and 2,563 deaths as reported by WHO on September 30, 2022. However, the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the economy of Kuwait especially in health sector is unknown.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the total cost of COVID-19 in-patient management in Kuwait. Method: Retrospective design was employed in this study. A total 485 Covid-19 patients admitted to a tertiary hospital assigned to manage Covid-19 cases was randomly selected for this study from 1st May to 31st September 2021. Data on sociodemographic, length of stay (LOS), discharge status and comorbidity were obtained from the patients' medical records. Among others, data on cost in this study cover administration, utility, pharmacy, radiology, laboratory, nursing, and ICU costs. The unit cost per admission was imputed using a step-down costing method with three levels of cost centers. The unit cost was multiplied by the individual patient’s length of stay to obtain the cost of care per patient per admission.
Findings: The mean cost of Covid-19 inpatient per episode of care was KD 2,216 (SD=2,018) equals to US$ 7,344 (SD=6,688) with the average length of stay of 9.4 (SD=8.5) days per admission. The total treatment costs of Covid-19 inpatient (n=485) were estimated to be KD 1,074,644 (US$ 3,561,585), in which the physician and nursing care cost were the largest share of costs (42.1%) with KD 452,154 (US$ 1,498,529). The second- and third-largest costs were intensive care (20.6%) of KD 221,439 (US$ 733,893) and laboratory costs (10.2%) of KD 109,264 (US$ 362,123). The average cost for severe Covid-19 patient was KD 4,626 (US$ 15,332), which is almost three times higher than the non-severe patients of KD 1,544 (US$ 5,117).
Conclusion: The cost of managing Covid-19 cases is substantial. The cost information can assist hospital managers and policymakers in designing more efficient interventions, especially for the management of high-risk groups.
Heavy Metal Pollution Levels and Health Risk Assessment of Dust Storms in Jazmurian Region, Iran
Authors: Soleimani-Sardo Mojtaba , Shirani Mahboube , Strezov Vladimir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Jazmurian basin in Iran is an area affected by climate change and desertification where aerosols and dust storms are common. The aim of this work was to determine the human and ecological risks from atmospheric particles during dust storms in different cities in the Jazmurian basin. For this purpose, the dust samples were collected from Jiroft, Roodbar Jonoob, Ghaleh Ganj, Kahnooj and Iranshahr cities, which are located around the Jazmurian playa in south east of Iran. In this study, the OpenLCA 1.10.3 software was used to input the concentration of the measured trace metals and ReCiPe 2016 endpoint hierarchist impact assessment method was applied to determine the environmental impacts. Furthermore, the MODIS satellite products and the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) were used to detect the amount of aerosol load in the atmosphere. The MODIS AOD data over the Jazmurian region indicated higher spatial distribution of aerosols in the south of the basin with gradual decreased towards the west. Moreover, the trace element composition of the collected particles was determined and used to evaluate human and ecological impact assessment. The human health risk assessment of the particles revealed high non-carcinogenic risks for children due to nickel and manganese and carcinogenic risks in both adults and children due to arsenic and cobalt. Terrestrial ecotoxicity was found to have the largest ecological impact on ecosystems with copper, nickel and zinc exhibiting the largest contributions.
Histopathological Patterns of Cervical Cancer Among Females Presenting to Makerere University Pathology Core Reference Laboratory. A 5-year Review
Authors: Moses Mwanja , Fred Lopwonya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background and Aim:
The global burden of cervical cancer is heavy in low- and middle-income countries, having highest rates in sub-Saharan Africa. Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in Ugandan women with estimated 6959 new cases and 4607 deaths in 2020. The histopathological differentiation of cervical cancer is a major determinant in treatment options and prognosis of disease. However, there is paucity of data regarding this in Uganda. The study aimed to determine the histopathological pattern of cervical cancer among females presenting to Makerere university pathology core reference laboratory.
Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study employing the use of quantitative methods of data collection was conducted within Makerere university pathology core reference laboratory. Information on patients with cervical cancer diagnosis by histology from 2017–2021 was obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 18.
Results
A total of 120 patients from 2017–2021 were recruited. The mean age was 47.5(SD 13.1), the youngest and oldest patients were 21 and 80 years respectively. Cervical cancer was more prevalent in women aged between 35 to 54 years 77(64.2%) and women with HIV 26(21.7%). Squamous cell carcinoma presents in 102(85%) patients was the most prevalent pattern of cervical cancer. This was followed by adenocarcinoma 7(5.8%) and adenosquamous 5(4.2%).
Conclusions
Cervical cancer is predominant among women with HIV and women aged 35–55 years. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent pattern of cervical cancer in Uganda present in every 9 out 10 patients. Routine screening of all HIV positive women and women aged 35 and above is recommended
Correlation and Influencing Factors of Preoperative Anxiety, Postoperative Pain, and Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Liu Qing , Li Liheng , Xie Yubo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The correlation and influencing factors of preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain, and delirium in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery were explored with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scale, 10-point Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Confusion Assessment Method Chinese Reversion (CAM-CR) scale.
Methods: Patients aged 65 years or above were enrolled from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, from September 2019 to October 2020. A total of 120 elderly patients who underwent gastrointestinal cancer surgery under general anesthesia were collected. Perioperative anxiety, pain, and delirium were assessed with the BAI scale, VAS scale, and CAM-CR scale. The correlation and influencing factors of preoperative high anxiety, postoperative high pain, and postoperative delirium were analyzed.
Results: The incidences of high anxiety on one day before surgery (day-0) and on the postoperative day (pod) 1, 3, and 7 (pod-1, pod-3, pod-7) were 19.2%, 5.8%, 9.2%, and 0.0%, respectively. The incidences of high pain on the day-0, pod-1, pod-3, pod-7 were 0.0%, 41.7%, 15.0%, 4.2%, respectively. The incidences of delirium on the day-0, pod-1, pod-3, pod-7 were 0.0%, 24.2%, 4.2%, 0.0%, respectively. There was a positive correlation between preoperative high anxiety and postoperative high pain (P<0.001, r=0.410), and there was a positive correlation between preoperative high anxiety and postoperative delirium (P=0.005, r=0.281), and there was a positive correlation between postoperative high pain and postoperative delirium (P=0.017, r=0.236). The results from multiple linear regression analysis had shown that types of cancer and surgical approaches had an impact on preoperative high anxiety (P=0.006 and P=0.021 ); preoperative high anxiety had a positive influence on postoperative high pain (P＜0.001); age and preoperative high anxiety had a positive impact on postoperative delirium (P＜0.001 and P=0.010).
Conclusions: Elderly patients receiving gastrointestinal cancer surgery had high incidences of high anxiety before surgery, high pain, and delirium on postoperative day 1. Preoperative high anxiety was positively correlation with postoperative high pain and postoperative delirium; postoperative high pain was positively correlation with postoperative delirium. Types of cancer and surgical approaches were as influencing factors of preoperative high anxiety; preoperative high anxiety was an influencing factor of postoperative high pain; and age and preoperative high anxiety were influencing factors of postoperative delirium.
Trial registration
ChiCTR2000032008, 17/04/2020, Title: “Effects of different analgesic methods on postoperative recovery of elderly patients with digestive tract tumor”. Website: https://www.chictr.ogr.cn.
High antimicrobial effectiveness of acrylonitrile adducts and evaluation of their biological activity as haemolytic and thrombolytic agent
Authors: Das Parineeta , Devi Nirmala , Gaur Nisha , Goswami Swagata , Dutta Dhiraj , Dubey Rama , Puzari Amrit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, five acrylonitrile adducts were screened for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 1305) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (MTCC 443). Synthesis was followed by aza-Michael addition reaction, where the acrylonitrile accepts an electron pair from the respective amines and results in the formation of n-alkyliminobis-propionitrile and n-alkyliminopropionitrile under microwave irradiation. Characterization of the compounds were performed using FTIR, 1H NMR and ESI-MS. The particle size characterization was done by DLS technique. The antibacterial study showed higher inhibition rate for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial ability was found to be dose dependent. The minimum inhibitory concentration against both bacteria were found to be 1, 3, 0.4, 1, 3 µl/ml for E. coli and 6, 6, 0.9, 0.5, 5 µl/ml for B. subtilis. Time-kill kinetics evaluation showed that the adducts possess bacteriostatic action. Further it was evaluated for high-throughput in vitro assays to determine the compatibility of the adducts for drug delivery. The haemolytic and thrombolytic activity was analysed against normal mouse erythrocytes. The haemolytic activity showed prominent results, and thereby projecting this acrylonitrile adducts as potent antimicrobial and haemolytic agent.
The Effects of Urban Growth on Natural Areas: The 3 Metropoliten Areas in Türkiye
Authors: Öncel Hale , Levend Sinan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Today, more than half of the world's population of 7.6 billion lives in cities, and by 2030, it is estimated that the population of urban residents will exceed 5 billion worldwide. Since growth in cities causes the destruction of agriculture, forests, and wetlands, the increase in carbon footprint brings along many environmental problems, such as global climate change. Among the developing countries, Türkiye's largest cities have been experiencing a rapid urbanization process. The study aims to analyze the negative effects of urban growth in Türkiye's largest metropolises on natural areas such as agriculture, forests, and wetlands. The change process of the urban area has also been evaluated in terms of regulations and legislation. In this context, Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir metropolitan areas have been determined as case areas. The correlation between the changes in the land cover and the urban expansion processes of the three big cities from 1990 to 2018 has been systematically analyzed in the GIS environment using Corine Land Cover program data. The study indicates the devastating effect of urban growth on agricultural areas, in all three case areas. In addition, the urbanization pressure in Istanbul continues to destroy northern forests.