bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staff perceptions of patient inequalities in a UK secure mental healthcare setting
Authors: Bayo-Idowu Elizabeth , Fatima Sarrah , Brenisin Kristina , Trumm Aile , Wallang Paul , Breen Kieran 
Published: April 2023

PurposeInequalities can have a cumulative effect that leads to the presentation and subsequent progression of mental health difficulties. The detrimental effects can be compounded in the healthcare environment if staff lack an awareness of patients’' inequalities, and therefore, educating staff is of particular importance. The development of awareness training requires a deep understanding of staff perceptions of patient inequalities in a secure mental health care setting and the impact that this can have on mental illness.Design/methodology/approachThe study was carried out using a qualitative design, where staff were asked to complete a 22-question survey from which the output is analysed using thematic analysis. In total, 100 patient-facing staff members working in a secure mental health facility completed the survey.FindingsThe results highlight that staff employed in a secure mental health care setting have an understanding of patient inequalities and how these can impact on patients in both the short and longer terms. The results highlighted the importance of awareness by staff and how an increase can have a significant benefit on the quality of the care provided within secure mental health facilities.Originality/valueThere is an increasing awareness of the impact of inequalities on mental health and how this can influence a patient’s journey. This study involving staff employed in a secure care mental health facility highlights the role of staff awareness of inequalities and also underlines the importance of understanding the key role of staff awareness in mental ill health.
From a restless pillow to a ruffled mind: testing a moderated mediation model of off-the-job antecedents of abusive supervision
Authors: Shillamkwese Samson Samwel , Weng Qingxiong (Derek) , Butt Hirra Pervez , Tariq Hussain , Hameed Zahid 
Published: April 2023

PurposeAlthough work-related antecedents of abusive supervision are well-known, knowledge on the cross-domain antecedents of this destructive leadership behavior is scarce. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate off-the-job supervisors’ after-work experiences that may influence their work behavior. The authors explore how and when a supervisor’s poor recovery experiences lead to abusive supervisory behaviors through a negative start-of-workday mood for high vs low supervisor sleep quality.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a single-source, three-phase field study (N= 422) to test the proposed moderated mediation model for participants from a large telecommunications company located in Anhui province, People’s Republic of China.FindingsPoor recovery experiences in the supervisor’s personal life can spill over to their work domain and provoke abusive supervisory behavior through the mediating effect of a negative start-of-workday mood. Moreover, a supervisor’s good night’s sleep (i.e. first-stage moderator) serves as a key mitigating factor to diminish the negative start-of-workday mood resulting from a lack of relaxation, mastery experiences and control experiences (except for the lack of psychological detachment from work) and lessens abusive supervision.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature examining off-the-job events to understand the antecedents of abusive supervision that are beyond organizations’ control but significantly influence workplace behaviors, showing that not all antecedents of abusive supervision exist in the workplace; some are transferred from the home domain through nonvisible moods. Finally, the inclusion of sleep quality as a first-stage moderator provides insights on preventing abusive supervision caused by nonwork-related events. This adds a unique dimension to the abusive supervision literature by highlighting factors in the home domain that can prevent negative spillovers to the work domain. The authors conclude with some theoretical and practical implications for researchers and practitioners.
Entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management: comparing configurations of native and immigrant entrepreneurial firms
Authors: Mostafiz Md Imtiaz , Hughes Mathew , Simeonova Boyka , Sambasivan Murali 
Published: April 2023

PurposeKnowledge-intensive entrepreneurial firms succeed when they can better marshal their knowledge resources into productive advantages, necessitating entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and knowledge management (KM) processes of knowledge acquisition, application, conversion and protection. However, configurations of EO and KM processes are unaccounted for in extant theory, and the differences between the operating context of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial firms are unclear. Therefore, this study investigates the configurational combination of EO and KM processes in two different contexts as native and immigrant entrepreneurial firms.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the knowledge-based theory, the authors apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and necessity analysis of QCA (NCA) to data from Malaysian native (N = 185) and immigrant (N = 146) service-oriented entrepreneurial firms.FindingsThe results demonstrate that immigrant entrepreneurial firms’ performance relies on knowledge processes of knowledge acquisition and application to ensure intelligent effectuation of EO; but for native entrepreneurial firms, the critical knowledge processes for performance success are knowledge conversion and protection. The NCA suggests that EO is critical for both firms; however, conjunctional causations differ based on KM processes.Originality/valueThis study enriches the emerging knowledge-based theory of the entrepreneurial-oriented firm by advancing the theory and conversation by revealing how EO, KM processes and context link in which the profile of the EO–performance relationship is configurationally dependent. The study advances the knowledge-based theory of entrepreneurially-oriented firms to account for entrepreneurship in context.
Analysis of cracking evolution mode of the monobloc sleeper
Authors: Tahi Mohammed , Chikhaoui Mohamed , Chabaat Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

PurposeMonobloc sleepers have several problems related to bending cracking, especially longitudinal cracking and cracking at rail seat under preload release. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the behavior and cracking mode of prestressed concrete railroad sleepers under static loads using the positive test. Experimental tests followed by 3-D numerical models were performed of the same test.Design/methodology/approachTwo steel supports were placed on the rail seat. During a progressive loading, the initiated cracks had approximately the same amplitude as those obtained from the numerical model. The type of cracking depends on the intensity of the applied static load and the loading rate. A validated three-dimensional digital model was established. The obtained results showed a perfect resemblance to the experimental tests. The final design was optimized and verified using a validated numerical simulation.FindingsAt low static loading levels, the first flexural shear cracks appeared at a vertical position located between the two steel supports. At higher static loading levels, bending shear cracks have occurred. The latter are inclined at the steel supports. It was proven that for higher loading levels, shear cracks were the primary mode of failure.Research limitations/implicationsOwing to the sensitivity of monobloc sleepers to technology production, the results are limited by the maximal loading and press used.Practical implicationsNumerical modeling greatly reduces uncertainties in laboratory testing and is an important tool for visualizing and quantifying rail seat cracks to understand behavior and predict collapse.Social implicationsEnsuring human life during rail operations is one of our the long-term priorities. This cannot be done unless the authors manage to master the manufacturing tool for sleepers while controlling the limitation of crack propagation.Originality/valueThe three-dimensional numerical established model has been checked and validated against the experimental results using the positive test to understand the behavior and the cracking mode of prestressed concrete railroad sleepers under static loads. The proposed numerical model has been more refined for a later more complex application by reducing the computation time.
Exploring the role of policy actors in the implementation of social distancing: a case of COVID-19 in Pakistan
Authors: Nazir Muhammad Fayyaz , Wayenberg Ellen , Qureshi Shahzadah Fahed 
Published: April 2023

PurposeAt the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the absence of pharmaceutical agents meant that policy institutions had to intervene by providing nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). To satisfy this need, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued policy guidelines, such as NPIs, and the government of Pakistan released its own policy document that included social distancing (SD) as a containment measure. This study explores the policy actors and their role in implementing SD as an NPI in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted the constructs of Normalization Process Theory (NPT) to explore the implementation of SD as a complex and novel healthcare intervention under a qualitative study design. Data were collected through document analysis and interviews, and analysed under framework analysis protocols.FindingsThe intervention actors (IAs), including healthcare providers, district management agents, and staff from other departments, were active in implementation in the local context. It was observed that healthcare providers integrated SD into their professional lives through a higher level of collective action and reflexive monitoring. However, the results suggest that more coherence and cognitive participation are required for integration.Originality/valueThis novel research offers original and exclusive scenario narratives that satisfy the recent calls of the neo-implementation paradigm, and provides suggestions for managing the implementation impediments during the pandemic. The paper fills the implementation literature gap by exploring the normalisation process and designing a contextual framework for developing countries to implement guidelines for pandemics and healthcare crises.
Binder jetting of SS316L: a computational approach for droplet-powder interaction
Authors: Ur Rehman Asif , Azher Kashif , Ullah Abid , Tüfekci Celal Sami , Salamci Metin Uymaz 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
This study aims to describe the effects of capillary forces or action, viscosity, gravity and inertia via the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The study also includes distribution of the binder droplet over the powder bed after interacting from different heights.

Design/methodology/approach
Additive manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized many industries. Binder jetting (BJT) is a powder-based AM method that enables the production of complex components for a wide range of applications. The pre-densification interaction of binder and powder is vital among various parameters that can affect the BJT performance. In this study, BJT process is studied for the binder interaction with the powder bed of SS316L. The effect of the droplet-powder distance is thoroughly analysed. Two different droplet heights are considered, namely, h1 (zero) and h2 (9.89 mm).

Findings
The capillary and inertial effects are predominant, as the distance affects these parameters significantly. The binder spreading and penetration depth onto the powder bed is influenced directly by the distance of the binder droplet. The former increases with an increase in latter. The binder distribution over the powder bed, whether uniform or not, is studied by the stream traces. The penetration depth of the binder was also observed along the cross-section of the powder bed through the same.

Originality/value
In this work, the authors have developed a more accurate representative discrete element method of the powder bed and CFD analysis of binder droplet spreading and penetration inside the powder bed using Flow-3D. Moreover, the importance of the splashing due to the binder’s droplet height is observed. If splashing occurs, it will produce distortion in the powder, resulting in a void in the final part.
Societal Adaptation to Aging and Prevalence of Depression Among Older Adults: Evidence From 20 Countries
Authors: RICHARDSON ROBIN A. , KEYES KATHERINE M. , CHEN CYNTHIA , MAUNG GUAN YUN KENWIN , ROWE JOHN , CALVO ESTEBAN 
Published: April 2023

Policy Points
Countries have adopted different strategies to support aging populations, which are broadly reflected in social, economic, and contextual environments. Referred to as “societal adaptation to aging,” these factors affect countries’ capacity to support older adults.
Results from our study show that countries with more robust societal adaptation to aging had lower depression prevalence. Reductions in depression prevalence occurred among every investigated sociodemographic group and were most pronounced among the old‐old.
Findings suggest that societal factors have an underacknowledged role in shaping depression risk. Policies that improve societal approaches to aging may reduce depression prevalence among older adults.
ContextCountries have adopted various formal and informal approaches to support older adults, which are broadly reflected in different policies, programs, and social environments. These contextual environments, broadly referred to as “societal adaptation to aging,” may affect population health.MethodsWe used a new theory‐based measure that captured societal adaptation to aging, the Aging Society Index (ASI), which we linked with harmonized individual‐level data from 89,111 older adults from 20 countries. Using multi‐levels models that accounted for differences in the population composition across countries, we estimated the association between country‐level ASI scores and depression prevalence. We also tested if associations were stronger among the old‐old and among sociodemographic groups that experience more disadvantage (i.e., women, those with lower educational attainment, unmarried adults).FindingsWe found that countries with higher ASI scores, indicating more comprehensive approaches to supporting older adults, had lower depression prevalence. We found especially strong reductions in depression prevalence among the oldest adults in our sample. However, we did not find stronger reductions among sociodemographic groups who may experience more disadvantage.ConclusionsCountry‐level strategies to support older adults may affect depression prevalence. Such strategies may become increasingly important as adults grow older. These results offer promising evidence that improvements in societal adaptation to aging—such as through adoption of more comprehensive policies and programs targeting older adults—may be one avenue to improve population mental health. Future research could investigate observed associations using longitudinal and quasi‐experimental study designs, offering additional information regarding a potential causal relationship.
SOUTH ASIAN URBAN CLIMATES: Towards Pluralistic Narratives and Expanded Lexicons
Authors: Rehman Nida , Parikh Aparna , Lamb Zachary , Syal Shruti , Ghertner D. Asher , Menon SiddhaRth , Anwar Nausheen , Nabi Hira , Butt Waqas , Ranganathan Malini , Srinivasan Krithika , Bhat Harshavardhan , Powis Anthony , Anand Nikhil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis Interventions essay presents 14 stories of, and positions on, urban climates in South Asia. We look analytically and linguistically from this region to engage the terms ‘mahaul’, ‘mausam’ and ‘aab‐o‐hawa’ as critical concepts to conceptualize climate in its political, social, historic, atmospheric, ecological, material, sensory and embodied registers. Gathered together, the stories scaffold a perspective on climate that connects concerns about broader structural conditions (mahaul); local and lived experiences in different temporal registers (mausam) and sociomaterial entanglements that demand new ways of knowing nature (aab‐o‐hawa). An expansive yet grounded conceptualization allows us to narrate individual cases and local climate stories in their multiplicity and difference, rather than through cumulative effects across much wider geographies. This essay on South Asian urban climates provides an analytical frame based on shared colonial history, and geographies connecting experiences of climate across fraught geopolitical borders. These diverse South Asian urbanisms provide evidence of a range of environmental vulnerabilities, while seeking possibilities in already existing climates—in the seas and airs that reorient the experience of land and atmosphere, in centering marginalized voices, in historical remnants to read contemporary urban change, in exploring planning agency grounded in local politics, and from the position of partial knowledge that being within urban climates entails.
Understanding the diversity of the NHS emergency preparedness, resilience and response (EPRR) community in London
Authors: Davies Francesca , Sellwood Chloe , Subramaniam Surriya ,   London NHS EPRR Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Group
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt could be easy to believe that an emergency impacts us all the same way and that gender, skin tone, ability and religion don't matter when it comes to emergency plans. But this is simply not true. Planning and response to disruptive events needs to consider the individual needs and vulnerabilities of the people involved which can be exacerbated due to gender, race, ethnicity, age, social class and disability. The COVID‐19 pandemic has brought the stark reality of vulnerability and disproportionality into focus, in planning for and responding to major incidents and emergencies. In recognition of this, London's NHS emergency preparedness, resilience and response (EPRR) community decided to investigate our own diversity to understand whether we represent Londoners and to use our findings to inform future NHS preparedness for major incidents and emergencies. This paper describes the first part: understanding our own diversity. Armed with this knowledge, we will now strive to be more inclusive of all Londoners in our planning.
Oenological potential of wines produced from disease‐resistant grape cultivars
Authors: Duley Gavin , Ceci Adriana Teresa , Longo Edoardo , Boselli Emanuele 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWithin the EU, changes in policy and public sentiment have made it more urgent to consider the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Consequently, one of the EU’s goals is to reduce pesticide use by 50 per cent by 2030, including in viticulture. One of the proposed approaches is to expand the use of disease resistant hybrid grape‐cultivars (DRHGC), such as ‘PIWI’ grapes (German, Pilzwiderstandsfähige Rebsorten), and to introduce new DRHGCs. However, the characteristics of DRHGCs are different from those of Vitis vinifera, which makes it necessary to take measures and make changes in winemaking technology to maintain high wine quality. This paper examines the chemistry of wines made from DRHGC and discusses their impact on aroma and flavor profiles. It also reviews the main winemaking practices suggested to produce high‐quality wines from DRHGCs. The chemistry of DRHGCs is different to wine produced from V. vinifera, which can lead to both challenges during winemaking and unusual flavor profiles. Although newer DRHGCs have been bred to avoid unexpected flavors, many DRHGCs are still rich in proteins and polysaccharides. This can make tannin extraction difficult and produce wines with little astringency. In addition to this, new or alternative winemaking techniques such as thermovinification and the use of alternative yeast strains (non‐Saccharomyces) can be used to produce wines from DRHGCs that are acceptable to consumers.
Squalene encapsulation by emulsification and freeze‐drying process: Effects on bread fortification
Authors: Sponton Osvaldo E. , Perez Adrián A. , Osella Carlos , Cuffia Facundo , Fenoglio Cecilia , Piagentini Andrea , Santiago Liliana G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the present work, squalene (SQ) was encapsulated by a conventional emulsion method using egg white protein nanoparticles (EWPn) as a high molecular weight surfactant, followed by a freeze‐drying process to obtain an SQ powder ingredient. EWPn was produced by heat treatment at 85°C, 10 min, and pH 10.5. EWPn showed higher emulsifying activity regarding native egg white protein (EWP), highlighting their potential to be used for the SQ encapsulation by an emulsification process. First, we explored the encapsulation conditions using pure corn oil as an SQ carrier. Conditions were oil fraction (0.1–0.2), protein amount (2–5 wt.%), homogenization pressure (100 and 200 bar), and maltodextrin amount (10–20 wt.%). At 0.15 oil fraction, 5 wt.%. protein concentration, 200 bar homogenization pressure, and 20% maltodextrin, the highest encapsulation efficiency (EE) was reached. Then, according to these conditions, SQ was encapsulated to obtain a freeze‐dried powder ingredient for bread formulation. The total and free oil of SQ freeze‐dried powder were 24.4% ± 0.6% and 2.6% ± 0.1%, respectively, resulting in an EE value of 89.5% ± 0.5%. The physical, textural, and sensory properties of functional bread were not affected by the addition of 5.0% SQ freeze‐dried powder. Finally, the bread loaves showed higher SQ stability than the one formulated with unencapsulated SQ. Hence, the encapsulation system developed was suitable for obtaining functional bread based on SQ fortification.
2022 consensus conference on diversity, equity, and inclusion: Developing an emergency medicine research agenda for addressing racism through health care research
Authors: Davis Joshua , Sanchez Leon D. , Jarman Angela F. , Macias‐Konstantopoulos Wendy , Newberry Jennifer , Patel Shama , Hess Erik , Burner Elizabeth 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRacism in emergency medicine (EM) health care research is pervasive but often underrecognized. To understand the current state of research on racism in EM health care research, we developed a consensus working group on this topic, which concluded a year of work with a consensus‐building session as part of the overall Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) consensus conference on diversity, equity, and inclusion: “Developing a Research Agenda for Addressing Racism in Emergency Medicine,” held on May 10, 2022. In this article, we report the development, details of preconference methods and preliminary results, and the final consensus of the Healthcare Research Working Group. Preconference work based on literature review and expert opinion identified 13 potential priority research questions that were refined through an iterative process to a list of 10. During the conference, the subgroup used consensus methodology and a “consensus dollar” (contingent valuation) approach to prioritize research questions. The subgroup identified three research gaps: remedies for racial bias and systematic racism, biases and heuristics in clinical care, and racism in study design, and we derived a list of six high‐priority research questions for our specialty.