bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethics in education and the ethical dimensions of the teaching profession
Authors: Yildiz Yunus 
Published: January 2023

Ethics is a branch of philosophy that examines the principles at the basis of human behavior and discusses concepts such as good, bad, right, and wrong. Teachers need to be made aware of the ethical responsibilities that come with their jobs so that they can act with greater awareness and sensitivity in the classroom, which will improve the overall quality of their interactions with students. Teachers are able to enhance their students' learning, evaluate them in a variety of ways, and give them the opportunity to learn specific material when they organize a variety of activities in the classroom. In order to make the educational process more efficient, educators should conduct themselves with ethical awareness. As a consequence of this, members of the academic community, members of the general public, and teachers can acknowledge the significance of the ethical component of teaching. This article aims to discuss the main reasons that make the teaching profession the subject of ethics, considering the opinions compiled from the literature and increasing the sensitivity of educators on this issue.
This article aims to discuss the main reasons that make the teaching profession the subject of ethics, considering the opinions compiled from the literature and increasing the sensitivity of educators on this issue.
The object of research: Emphasis on ethics is a word we hear in every cornerstone of life, and it is a word that is taken together with manners and decency. Therefore, it is high time to review ethics in teaching to interested readers. The object of this study is to revise the related literature on the concept of ethics and compile significant features in one study.
Problem description: Since ethics is a paramount issue in education, issues such as the ethical dimensions of teaching and what is useful in the teaching profession for teachers or candidates who think of the profession as a sacred duty, teacher-student interaction, the foundations on which educational plans are based, and the ethical aspects of teacher attitudes needs to be investigated.
Suggested solution to the problem: According to the findings of the research, the ethical dimension can be influenced by a number of factors, some of which include the interactions between teachers and students, educational initiatives, the attitudes of teachers, classroom restrictions, and the majority of instructional decisions. As a result, in order to make the process of education more effective, educators should model ethical behavior in their own lives
Clinical efficacy of mucoactive therapy with 7% hypertonic saline in patients with acute bronchitis
Authors: Zaitsev A. A. , Kulikova N. A. , Filon E. A. , Budoragin I. E. , Bednova V. E. , Sardalova R. E. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Respiratory viruses are the overwhelming etiological agents of acute bronchitis in adults. However, the routine management of such patients often includes the prescription of antibiotics. The primary treatment for acute bronchitis is the administration of mucoactive agents to liquefy and improve sputum flow.The aim is to investigate the efficacy and safety of 7% hypertonic solution in patients with acute bronchitis.Materials and methods. A total of 50 patients were enrolled, of whom 25 participants received Ingasalin® forte (7% hypertonic solution) and 25 patients formed a second control group in which participants received other drugs as mucoactive therapy (routine clinical practice).Results. Severity of productive cough in Group 1 patients equaled 2,24 ± 0,4 points, in Group 2 – 2,4 ± 0,5 points. On the 4th day there was a significant reduction in the severity of both daytime and nighttime cough in the vast majority of patients. At the same time, severity of daytime cough on the 4th day of treatment in Group 1 was equal to 1,36 ± 0,5, and in Group 2 – to 1,7 ± 0,5. During the same period, the number of AB patients with a significant reduction in cough severity in group 1 was 16 (64%), while in group 2–8 (32%).Conclusion. Thus, the use of 7% hypertonic solution was accompanied by a good effect in the form of a pronounced cough regression in patients with AB.
The effectiveness of trimetazidine in the treatment of CHF patients with cardiopulmonary pathology
Authors: Evdokimova A. G. , Evdokimov V. V. , Stryuk R. I. , Lobanova E. G. , Kuvyrdina N. O. 
Published: January 2023

Introdiction. The article highlights the importance of optimizing the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with comorbid cardiopulmonary pathology, namely ischemic heart disease (CHD) in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The results of our own research on the evaluation of the clinical efficacy of trimetazidine inclusion in the complex therapy of comorbid pathology are presented.Objective. To study the clinical efficacy of trimetazidine as part of the complex therapy of patients with ischemic heart failure in combination with COPD.Materials and methods. 60 patients with CHF II-III FC, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <45% were studied against the background of postinfarction cardiosclerosis and COPD of 2–3 degrees of airflow restriction. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st (30 patients) took trimetazidine; 2nd (30 patients) received therapy without the addition of trimetazidine. The dynamics of: clinical condition with the use of SHOCK, FC CHF, test with 6-min. walking, quality of life (MLHFQ, SGRQ), indicators of 24-bifunctional monitoring, TTE, spirometry, platelet aggregation and blood viscosity.Results and conclusion. The use of trimetazidine as part of therapy led to an improvement in the clinical course of the disease, significantly increased exercise tolerance. The number and duration of ischemia episodes decreased by 34 and 39% (p < 0.05). The number of angina attacks per week and the need for nitroglycerin decreased by 65% and 42% (p < 0.05), respectively. There was an improvement in intracardiac and peripheral hemodynamics. Thus, LV LV increased by 21%, pulmonary artery pressure decreased by 18%, the indicators of LVD, platelet aggregation and blood rheology improved. There was a more positive dynamics of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system indicators compared to the control group.
Prospects for studying the role of some essential and toxic trace elements in the pathogenesis of COVID-19
Authors: Yanushevich O. O. , Romanov A. O. , Ivkina M. V. , Arkhangelskaia A. N. , Sharipova M. M. , Yakovleva M. V. , Shantyr I. I. , Vlasenko M. A. , Gurevich K. G. , Levchenko O. V. , Maev I. V. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Factors affecting the severity of the course of a new coronavirus infection remain unexplored to the endAim. To study the factors associated with the transition of COVID-19 from moderate to severe form of the disease in patients undergoing inpatient treatmentMaterials and methods. The diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia was made by a clinician on the basis of PCR test data and an up-to-date chest CT scan. A total of 195 consecutively recruited patients were examined. The average age of the surveyed was 54 (12.1) years.Results. Significantly more patients with severe coronavirus infection at the time of hospitalization were active tobacco smokers (33 (29.73%) vs 67 (79.6%); p < 0.002) and had a BMI consistent with pre-obesity/obesity (42 (37.84%) vs 44 (52.38%); p = 0.027). In patients with severe COVID-19, a significantly higher content of leukocytes was noted in the complete blood count (6.054 (2.813) vs 7.307 (4.707); p = 0.021). The groups also differed significantly in the content of micro- and macroelements. The imbalance of minerals revealed in our study is published for the first time, because. The study of the content of Al, B, Li, Co, Sr and Si in patients with COVID-19 was not carried out.Conclusion. The revealed changes in the microelement status require further study to confirm their significance in the development of a severe form of a new coronavirus infection in patients.
Analysis of severity and evaluation of prognosis in elderly patients with bronchial asthma and severe COVID-19
Authors: Gaynitdinova V. V. , Avdeev S. N. , Pozdniakova A. A. , Vlasenko A. E. , Gneusheva T. Yu. , Ter-Akopian K. A. , Allaberdina D. U. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The role of comorbid conditions in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of associated COVID-19 disease has been an area of ongoing research since the pandemic began.Objective. To evaluate the impact of elderly asthma on the clinical course and outcomes of severe COVID-19.Materials and methods. Elderly patients (WHO, 2020) (> 60 years, n = 131) with bronchial asthma (BA) hospitalized for severe COVID-19 were included in the study. The presence of COVID-19 was confirmed by laboratory tests (PCR smear) and/or clinical and radiological examinations. All patients had a history of a confirmed diagnosis of bronchial asthma (GINA, 2020). Follow-up was performed at the hospital stage and for 90 days after discharge from the hospital.Results. In the groups of patients with lethal outcome (regardless of the stage) there were statistically significantly higher Charlson index, respiratory rate, CT lung lesion volume, leukocyte, neutrophil and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios, lower absolute eosinophil count. In the group of patients who died during hospitalization, severe (IV–V) asthma (p = 0.03), steroid use during the previous year (p = 0.02), chronic heart failure (p = 0.009), and the atopic asthma phenotype was less common (p = 0.02). Those who died in the 90-day posthospital period had greater lung lesion volume on CT scan, and diabetes mellitus was more common (p < 0.001). The most significant predictors of mortality were identified.Conclusion. The common most significant predictors of hospital and 90-day posthospital mortality in older patients with bronchial asthma were comorbidity index and lower eosinophil levels. Hospital mortality is further characterized by a higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and lower total protein; 90-day posthospital mortality by the amount of lung damage on CT scan and the presence of diabetes mellitus.
Experience of the use of dipyridamole for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke
Authors: Rakhmatullina E. F. , Kochergina O. S. , Khaibullina D. K. 
Published: January 2023

Acute cerebrovascular accident (ACV) is an important medical and social problem, which is associated with high morbidity, mortality and frequent disability. The current system for providing specialized medical care to patients with stroke has shown its effectiveness, as evidenced by a decrease in hospital mortality and an increase in the number of patients returning to work. However, the incidence of stroke remains high, which is also associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Every third patient with COVID-19 had neurological symptoms, and a pathomorphological study of the brain of the deceased showed signs of hypoxic encephalopathy in every fifth. Due to the fact that with COVID-19 there is a high probability of developing ischemic stroke (IS), it is necessary to promptly identify and correct the following factors that contribute to the occurrence of stroke with COVID-19: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis. Direct exposure to the virus results in systemic inflammatory hyperactivity with a prothrombotic state secondary to protein C and S deficiency. An important problem is both the prevention of the first and recurrent stroke, regardless of the etiology. The basis of secondary prevention is the correction of risk factors, as well as the development of an individual program with antihypertensive, lipid-lowering therapy. The leading line of secondary prevention of IS is antiplatelet therapy, which reduces the risk of developing acute vascular episodes by 25%. For the purpose of secondary prevention of ischemic stroke, acetylsalicylic acid, dipyridamole, clopidogrel are used. In the discussed clinical observation, a patient developed repeated episodes of transient ischemic attack against the background of a stenosing process in the common carotid artery, hypertension, and a previous coronavirus infection. Given that the greatest risk of recurrent stroke is associated with atherosclerosis, which can be complicated by thrombus formation, chimes and acetylsalicylic acid were chosen for secondary prevention. Follow-up observation showed the correctness of the chosen tactics.
Comprehensive Analysis of Cuproptosis Genes and Identification of Cuproptosis
Subtypes in Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Jialin , Li Lei , Dong Yi , Zhong Bin , Yin Wei 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Copper-induced death (cuproptosis) is copper-dependent regulated cell
death, which is different from known death mechanisms and is dependent on mitochondrial respiration.
However, its effect on breast cancer (BRCA) is unclear.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to explore the important clinical significance of cuproptosis
genes and to provide a new idea for guiding the personalized immunotherapy strategy of BRCA
patients.

Materials and Method:
We collected cuproptosis genes from published work. The gene alteration,
differential expression, and prognostic value of cuproptosis genes were explored in BRCA
based on TCGA database. We identified two subtypes (clusters A and B) by performing unsupervised
clustering. The difference between two clusters was deeply explored, including clinical features,
differential expressed genes (DEGs), pathways, and immune cell infiltration. Based on the
DEGs between two clusters, a cuproptosis score was constructed and its predictive capability for
overall survival of BRCA patients was validated.

Results and Discussion:
Patients with high cuproptosis score have worse survival status, with an
increased infiltration level of most immune cells. Further analysis suggested that BRCA patients
with high cuproptosis score may be sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment.

Conclusion:
Our findings may improve our understanding of cuproptosis in BRCA and may distinguish
patients suitable for ICI treatment.
Autophagy as an Anti-senescent in Aging Neurocytes
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Neuron homeostasis is crucial for the organism, and its maintenance is multifactorial,
including autophagy. The turnover of aberrant intracellular components is a
fundamental pathogenetic mechanism for cell aging. Autophagy is involved in the acceleration
of the neurocyte aging process and the modification of cell longevity. Neurocyte
aging is a process of loss of cell identity through cellular and subcellular changes
that include molecular loss of epigenetics, transcriptomic, proteomic, and autophagy
dysfunction. Autophagy dysfunction is the hallmark of neurocyte aging. Cell
aging is the credential feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Pathophysiologically,
aged neurocytes are characterized by dysregulated autophagy and subsequently neurocyte
metabolic stress, resulting in accelerated neurocyte aging. In particular, chaperone-
mediated autophagy perturbation results in upregulated expression of aging and
apoptosis genes. Aged neurocytes are also characterized by the down-regulation of
autophagy-related genes, such as ATG5-ATG12, LC3-II / LC3-I ratio, Beclin-1, and
p62. Slowing aging through autophagy targeting is sufficient to improve prognosis in
neurodegenerative diseases. Three primary anti-senescent molecules are involved in
the aging process: mTOR, AMPK, and Sirtuins. Autophagy therapeutic effects can be
applied to reverse and slow aging. This article discusses current advances in the role
of autophagy in neurocyte homeostasis, aging, and potential therapeutic strategies to
reduce aging and increase cell longevity.
In vitro Function Study of Different Negative Charge Pullulan Nanoparticles
for Sentinel Lymph Node Angiography
Authors: Huang Ren Feng , Guo Yan , Yao Chaoling , Wu Wanming , Ou Linyang 
Published: January 2023

Backgroud:
Many dyes or radioactive markers used for sentinel lymph node (SLN) have the shortcomings of false positive and radiation injury. Indocyanine green (ICG) seems to have a lower false positive rate and tissue damage, without a clear field of vision during the operation.

Methods:
For the shortcomings, we successfully synthesized three anionic pullulan materials, changed the degree of hydrophobic for size controlling (< 50nm) to prepare CHP nanoparticles (NPs) and changed the succinyl degree to prepare CHPC NPs with different negative surface potential.

Results:
The size of those NPs were less than 50nm under (transmission electron microscope) TEM, with hydrodynamic size of 90.67±2.2nm of CHP, 105.8±1.7nm of CHPC1 and 115.9±2.3nm of CHPC2. Moreover, the Zeta potential of CHP, CHPC1 and CHPC2 were -1.9±0.2mV, -9.6±0.3mV and -19.4±0.7mV. The size of ICG-loading CHP, CHPC1 and CHPC2 NPs increased to 109.4±2.7nm, 113.8±1.2nm and 30.6±3.5 nm, as the zeta potential decreased to -2.7±0.4mV, -12.5±1.6mV and -23.1 ±1.2mV. With the increasing degree of succinyl, the size increased and the zeta potential decreased. At the same time, the higher degree of succinyl drug-loading NPs have lower release and have increased the stability of ICG. We found that the blank-NPs had no significant toxicity to normal cells (HSF), as the ICG@CHP group had larger toxicity than the CHPCs and control. Moreover, the cellular uptake was decreased with the increased degree of succinyl.

Conclusion:
In this study, we successfully prepared CHPC2 carriers with the maximum negative surface charge, for follow-up research and providing new ideas for SLN.
Reproducibility of Facial Information in Three-Dimensional Reconstructed
Head Images: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Uchida Tatsuya , Kin Taichi , Sato Katsuya , Koike Tsukasa , Kiyofuji Satoshi , Takeda Yasuhiro , Niwa Ryoko , Saito Toki , Takashima Ikumi , Kawahara Takuya , Miyawaki Satoru , Oyama Hiroshi , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Facial information acquired via three-dimensional reconstruction of head
computed tomography (CT) data may be considered personal information, which can be problematic
for neuroimaging studies. However, no study has verified the relationship between slice thickness and
face reproducibility. This study determined the relationship and match rate between image slice thickness
and face detection accuracy of face-recognition software in facial reconstructed models.

Methods:
Head CT data of 60 cases comprising entire faces obtained under conditions of non-contrast
and 1-mm slice thickness were resampled to obtain 2-10-mm slice-thickness data. Facial models, reconstructed
by image thresholding, were acquired from the data. We performed face detection tests per
slice thickness on the models and calculated the face detection rate. The reconstructed facial models
created from 1-mm slice-thickness data and other slice thicknesses were used as training and test data,
respectively. Match confidence scores were obtained via three programs, match rates were calculated
per slice thickness, and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the match rate trend.

Results:
In general, the face detection rates for the 1-10-mm slice thicknesses were 100, 100, 98.3,
98.3, 95.0, 91.7, 86.7, 78.3, 68.3, and 61.7 %, respectively. The match rates for the 2-10-mm slice
thicknesses were 100, 98.3, 98.3, 95.0, 85.0, 71.7, 53.3, 28.3, and 16.7 %, respectively.

Conclusions:
The reconstructed models tended to have higher match rates as the slice thickness decreased.
Thus, thin-slice head CT imaging data may increase the possibility of the information becoming
personally identifiable health information.
MR Imaging, MGMT Promoter Methylation Features and Prognostic
Analysis of Subventricular Zone Contacting IDH Wild-type Glioblastoma
Authors: Liu Ruoyu , Liu Qi , Zhao Kai , Liu Minghang , Sun Guochen , Xu Bainan 
Published: January 2023

Background:
As the largest concentration of neural stem cells in adult brain, the subventricular
zone (SVZ) is considered to be a potential source of glioblastoma (GBM) occurrence in recent
years.

Methods:
In this study, 116 patients with glioblastoma treated at PLA General Hospital were retrospectively
reviewed. The features of SVZ contacting glioblastoma were analyzed in terms of MR imaging
and MGMT promoter methylation. We also evaluated the prognostic value of SVZ contacting in
GBM patients.

Results:
GBM with SVZ involvement on MRI is more likely to grow across the midline (36.8% vs.
6.9%, P=0.002), more often multifocal lesion (35.6% vs. 6.9%,P=0.003) and have a lower proportion
of MGMT promoter methylation (36.8% vs. 69.0%, P=0.003). The median overall survival and progression-
free survival of patients in the SVZ contacting group were 12 months and 7 months, while 25
months and 17 months in the non-contacting group (P<0.001, respectively). There was no significant
difference in overall survival (P=0.229) and progression-free survival (P=0.808) between patients with
different SVZ contacting regions. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that patients with MRI SVZ
involvement showed worse overall survival (HR=2.060, 95%CI 1.195-3.550，P=0.009) and progression-
free survival (HR=3.021, 95%CI 1.788-5.104，P<0.001).

Conclusion:
This study suggested that MRI SVZ involvement at diagnosis is an independent risk factor
for overall survival and progression-free survival in IDH wild-type glioblastoma patients. Based on
MR imaging, we also found that SVZ contacting glioblastomas had a larger proportion of crossing
midline tumors and multifocal lesions. In addition, patients with SVZ contact in our research presented
a lower proportion of MGMT promoter methylation.
Ethanolic Extract of Artemisia herba-alba Ameliorates Hyperinsulinemia
and Hyperglycemia-Induced HepG2 Cells Through Cell Survival
Promotion, Oxidative Stress Mitigation, and Insulin Signaling Restoration
Authors: Bourebaba Yasmina , Mularczyk Malwina , Kornicka-Garbowska Katarzyna , Marycz Krzysztof , Bourebaba Lynda , Kowalczuk Anna 
Published: January 2023

Background:
In recent years, diabetes and its risk factors were linked to an augmented
occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are considered major causes of morbidity and
mortality in diabetes mellitus subjects. Hyperinsulinemia (HI) and hyperglycemia (HG) are recognized
as insulin resistance-inducers, which can trigger several alterations in cellular biogenesis besides
inflammatory signaling activation. As a folk medicine in many countries, Artemisia herbaalba
has been preclinically studied for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and showed
beneficial effects on hyperglycemia.

Methods:
In the current work, we explored the potential mechanisms underlying the antihyperglycemic
behavior of the ethanolic extract of A. herba-alba and its bioactive compounds.

Results:
Obtained data demonstrated that ethanolic extract of A. herba-alba enhances HepG2 viability and proliferation, decreases considerably the apoptosis, through the regulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways implying p53, p21 and Bcl-2 genes expression and Pan caspases activation under IR concentration at the lowest concentrations. A. herba-alba extract treatment additionally exhibited a potential antioxidant effect, evidenced by the significant decrease in total intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the improved mitochondrial transmembrane potential in HG/HI-challenged HepG2 cells (p < 0.001). Furthermore, A. herba-alba positively upregulated Irs1 and Irs2 as well as Akt/Pi3K pathway compared to insulin-resistant untreated cells, and subsequently stimulated glucose uptake in response to insulin infusion, as a consequence of its signal transduction restoration.

Conclusion:
Overall, the obtained data highlighted the beneficial effects of A. herba-alba ethanolic
extract in ameliorating insulin signaling and liver cells metabolic balance, and shed the light for
its use as a promising and safe therapeutic lead for the management of type 2 diabetes and underlying
metabolic failures.