bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of PARN nuclease activity inhibitors by computational-based docking and high-throughput screening
Authors: Huynh Thao Ngoc , Shukla Siddharth , Reigan Philip , Parker Roy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPoly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) is a 3′-exoribonuclease that removes poly(A) tails from the 3′ end of RNAs. PARN is known to deadenylate some ncRNAs, including hTR, Y RNAs, and some miRNAs and thereby enhance their stability by limiting the access of 3′ to 5′ exonucleases recruited by oligo(A) tails. Several PARN-regulated miRNAs target p53 mRNA, and PARN knockdown leads to an increase of p53 protein levels in human cells. Thus, PARN inhibitors might be used to induce p53 levels in some human tumors and act as a therapeutic strategy to treat cancers caused by repressed p53 protein. Herein, we used computational-based molecular docking and high-throughput screening (HTS) to identify small molecule inhibitors of PARN. Validation with in vitro and cell-based assays, identified 4 compounds, including 3 novel compounds and pyrimidopyrimidin-2-one GNF-7, previously shown to be a Bcr-Abl inhibitor, as PARN inhibitors. These inhibitors can be used as tool compounds and as lead compounds for the development of improved PARN inhibitors.
Insights from BRICS-T economies on the impact of human capital and renewable electricity consumption on environmental quality
Authors: Samour Ahmed , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday , Agyekum Ephraim Bonah , Khan Baseem , Kamel Salah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper evaluates the impact of electricity consumption from renewable and nonrenewable sources on the load capacity factor for BRICS-T nations using data from 1990 to 2018. The paper used linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approaches to explore these associations. The results of the Westerlund co-integration show long-run co-integration between load capacity factor and the independent variables. The results show that renewable electricity energy and human capital contribute to the sustainability of the environment, while electricity consumption, economic growth, and industrialization impede environmental sustainability. Similarly, the nonlinear effect of renewable electricity energy on LCF shows interesting findings. The positive (negative) shift in renewable electricity energy increases ecological sustainability in the BRICS-T nations. Furthermore, the Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality gives credence to both linear and nonlinear ARDL results. The study suggests policy recommendations based on these results.
Genetic insights into the causal relationship between physical activity and cognitive functioning
Authors: Cheval Boris , Darrous Liza , Choi Karmel W. , Klimentidis Yann C. , Raichlen David A. , Alexander Gene E. , Cullati Stéphane , Kutalik Zoltán , Boisgontier Matthieu P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhysical activity and cognitive functioning are strongly intertwined. However, the causal relationships underlying this association are still unclear. Physical activity can enhance brain functions, but healthy cognition may also promote engagement in physical activity. Here, we assessed the bidirectional relationships between physical activity and general cognitive functioning using Latent Heritable Confounder Mendelian Randomization (LHC-MR). Association data were drawn from two large-scale genome-wide association studies (UK Biobank and COGENT) on accelerometer-measured moderate, vigorous, and average physical activity (N = 91,084) and cognitive functioning (N = 257,841). After Bonferroni correction, we observed significant LHC-MR associations suggesting that increased fraction of both moderate (b = 0.32, CI95% = [0.17,0.47], P = 2.89e − 05) and vigorous physical activity (b = 0.22, CI95% = [0.06,0.37], P = 0.007) lead to increased cognitive functioning. In contrast, we found no evidence of a causal effect of average physical activity on cognitive functioning, and no evidence of a reverse causal effect (cognitive functioning on any physical activity measures). These findings provide new evidence supporting a beneficial role of moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cognitive functioning.
Mathematical analysis and molecular descriptors of two novel metal–organic models with chemical applications
Authors: Zaman Shahid , Jalani Mehwish , Ullah Asad , Ahmad Wakeel , Saeedi Ghulamullah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetal–Organic Networks (MONs) are made by chemical molecules that contain metal ions and organic ligands. A crystalline porous solid called Metal–Organic Networks (MONs) is made up of a $$3D$$

3
D

metal network of ions held in place by a multidentate ligand. (MONs) can be used for gas storage, purification drug delivery, gas separation, catalysis, and sensing applications. There is enormous potential for effective integration and research of MONs in diverse applications. Molecular descriptors are arithmetic measures that reveal a chemical substance's physical and chemical characteristics in its foundational network in a natural relationship. They demonstrate an important role in theoretical and ecological chemistry, and in the field of medicine. In this research, we calculated various recently discovered molecular descriptors viz. the modified version of second zagreb index, harmonic index, reciprocal randic index, modified version of forgotten topological index, redefined first zagreb topological index, redefined second zagreb topological index and redefined third zagreb topological index for two separate metal–organic networks. The numerical and graphical comparative analysis of these considered molecular descriptors are also performed.
Contrasting environmental conditions precluded lower availability of Antarctic krill affecting breeding chinstrap penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Salmerón Nuria , Belle Solenne , Cruz Francisco Santa , Alegria Nicolás , Finger Júlia Victória Grohmann , Corá Denyelle Hennayra , Petry Maria Virginia , Hernández Cristina , Cárdenas César A. , Krüger Lucas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDramatic decreases of chinstrap penguin populations across the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) are thought to be influenced by climate-driven changes affecting its main prey, the Antarctic krill, however, empirical evidence supporting such hypotheses are scarce. By coupling data on breeding chinstrap penguins, environmental remote sensing and estimates of krill acoustic density, we were able to demonstrate that penguins substantially increased their foraging effort in a year of low krill availability, with consequent reduction in breeding success. A winter of low sea ice cover followed by a summer/spring with stronger wind and lower marine productivity explained the lower and deeper krill availability. Our results highlight the importance of environmental variability on penguin populations, as variability is expected to increase under climate change, affecting foraging behaviour responses.
Evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis enrichment in metagenomic samples using ONT adaptive sequencing and amplicon sequencing for identification and variant calling
Authors: Su Junhao , Lui Wui Wang , Lee YanLam , Zheng Zhenxian , Siu Gilman Kit-Hang , Ng Timothy Ting-Leung , Zhang Tong , Lam Tommy Tsan-Yuk , Lao Hiu-Yin , Yam Wing-Cheong , Tam Kingsley King-Gee , Leung Kenneth Siu-Sing , Lam Tak-Wah , Leung Amy Wing-Sze , Luo Ruibang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) in small percentages in metagenomic samples is essential for microbial classification and drug resistance prediction. However, traditional methods, such as bacterial culture and microscopy, are time-consuming and sometimes have limited TB detection sensitivity. Oxford nanopore technologies (ONT) MinION sequencing allows rapid and simple sample preparation for sequencing. Its recently developed adaptive sequencing selects reads from targets while allowing real-time base-calling to achieve sequence enrichment or depletion during sequencing. Another common enrichment method is PCR amplification of the target TB genes. In this study, we compared both methods using ONT MinION sequencing for TB detection and variant calling in metagenomic samples using both simulation runs and those with synthetic and patient samples. We found that both methods effectively enrich TB reads from a high percentage of human (95%) and other microbial DNA. Adaptive sequencing with readfish and UNCALLDE achieved a 3.9-fold and 2.2-fold enrichment compared to the control run. We provide a simple automatic analysis framework to support the detection of TB for clinical use, openly available at https://github.com/HKU-BAL/ONT-TB-NF. Depending on the patient's medical condition and sample type, we recommend users evaluate and optimize their workflow for different clinical specimens to improve the detection limit.
Hierarchical cloud architecture for identifying the bite of “Egyptian cobra” based on deep learning and quantum particle swarm optimization
Authors: Hassan Ahmed , Elhoseny Mohamed , Kayed Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the most dangerous snake species is the “Egyptian cobra” which can kill a man in only 15 min. This paper uses deep learning techniques to identify the Egyptian cobra bite in an accurate manner based on an image of the marks of the bites. We build a dataset consisting of 500 images of cobra bites marks and 600 images of marks of other species of snakes that exist in Egypt. We utilize techniques such as multi-task learning, transfer learning and data augmentation to boost the generalization and accuracy of our model. We have achieved 90.9% of accuracy. We must keep the availability and accuracy of our model as much as possible. So, we utilize cloud and edge computing techniques to enhance the availability of our model. We have achieved 90.9% of accuracy, which is considered as an efficient result, not 100%, so it is normal for the system to perform sometimes wrong classifications. So, we suggest to re-train our model with the wrong predictions, whereas the edge computing units, where the classifier task is positioned, resend the wrong predictions to the cloud model, where the training process occurs, to retrain the model. This enhances the accuracy to the best level after a small period and increases the dataset size. We use the quantum particle swarm optimization technique to determine the optimal required number of edge nodes.
Alpha-linolenic acid modulates systemic and adipose tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and the endocannabinoid system in dairy cows
Authors: Kra Gitit , Daddam Jayasimha Rayalu , Moallem Uzi , Kamer Hadar , Mualem Batel , Levin Yishai , Kočvarová Radka , Nemirovski Alina , Contreras Andres G. , Tam Joseph , Zachut Maya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetabolic disorders are often linked to alterations in insulin signaling. Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids modulate immunometabolic responses; thus, we examined the effects of peripartum n-3 on systemic and adipose tissue (AT)-specific insulin sensitivity, immune function, and the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in dairy cows. Cows were supplemented peripartum with saturated fat (CTL) or flaxseed supplement rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Blood immunometabolic biomarkers were examined, and at 5–8 d postpartum (PP), an intravenous glucose-tolerance-test (GTT) and AT biopsies were performed. Insulin sensitivity in AT was assessed by phosphoproteomics and proteomics. Peripartum n-3 reduced the plasma concentrations of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-17α, lowered the percentage of white blood cells PP, and reduced inflammatory proteins in AT. Systemic insulin sensitivity was higher in ALA than in CTL. In AT, the top canonical pathways, according to the differential phosphoproteome in ALA, were protein-kinase-A signaling and insulin-receptor signaling; network analysis and immunoblots validated the lower phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), and lower abundance of insulin receptor, together suggesting reduced insulin sensitivity in ALA AT. The n-3 reduced the plasma concentrations of ECS-associated ligands, and lowered the abundances of cannabinoid-1-receptor and monoglycerol-lipase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells PP. Peripartum ALA supplementation in dairy cows improved systemic insulin sensitivity and immune function, reduced ECS components, and had tissue-specific effects on insulin-sensitivity in AT, possibly counter-balancing the systemic responses.
Characterizing Swallowing Impairment in a Post–Lung Transplant Population
Authors: Reedy Erin L. , Simpson Annie N. , O'Rourke Ashli K. , Bonilha Heather Shaw 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Lung transplant recipients carry significant pre– and post–lung transplant dysphagia risk factors related to altered respiratory–swallow coordination as well as acute injury and decompensation resulting in the acute post–lung transplant recovery period. However, we are only beginning to understand the potential physiological contributors to altered swallowing in this population.

Method:
A retrospective, cross-sectional, cohort study of post–lung transplant patients was performed. All participants received a modified barium swallow study (MBSS) as part of standard care during their acute hospitalization using the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) protocol and scoring metric. A combination of MBSImP scores, Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores, Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) scores, International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) scale levels, and the time from lung transplant to MBSS was collected, as well as measures of swallowing impairment and swallowing-related outcomes. Differences in swallowing physiology and swallowing-related outcomes between participants with typical versus atypical PAS were explored.

Results:

Forty-two participants met our prespecified inclusion criteria. We identified atypical laryngeal penetration and/or aspiration in 52.4% of our post–lung transplant cohort. Silent aspiration occurred in 75% of those patients who aspirated. Comparing typical versus atypical PAS scores, we found statistically significant associations with laryngeal elevation (Component 8),
p
< .0001; anterior hyoid excursion (Component 9),
p
= .0046; epiglottic movement (Component 10),
p
= .0031; laryngeal vestibule closure (Component 11),
p
< .0001; pharyngeal stripping (Component 12),
p
= .0058; pharyngeal total scores,
p
= .0001; FOIS scores,
p
= .00264; and IDDSI liquid levels,
p
= .0009.

Conclusions:
Swallowing impairment resulting in abnormal bolus invasion is prevalent in post–lung transplant patients. Airway invasion in this cohort was related to pharyngeal swallow impairment and resulted in modified oral intake. Our findings help expand upon prior literature, which only reported the incidence of aspiration and pathological laryngeal penetration. Our results suggest that the potential for aerodigestive system impairment and negative sequela should not be underestimated in the post–lung transplant population.
Comparing Different Measures of Bilingual Input Derived From Naturalistic Daylong Recordings
Authors: Ruan Yufang , Orena Adriel John , Polka Linda 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Measuring language input, especially for infants growing up in bilingual environments, is challenging. Although the ways to measure input have expanded rapidly in recent years, there are many unresolved issues. In this study, we compared different measurement units and sampling methods used to estimate bilingual input in naturalistic daylong recordings.

Method:
We used the Language Environment Analysis system to obtain and process naturalistic daylong recordings from 21 French–English bilingual families with an infant at 10 and 18 months of age. We examined global and context-specific input estimates and their relation with infant vocal activeness (i.e., volubility) when input was indexed by different units (adult word counts, speech duration, 30-s segment counts) and using different sampling methods (every-other-segment, top-segment).

Results:
Input measures indexed by different units were strongly and positively correlated with each other and yielded similar results regarding their relation with infant volubility. As for sampling methods, sampling every other 30-s segment was representative of the entire corpus. However, sampling the top segments with the densest input was less representative and yielded different results regarding their relation with infant volubility.

Conclusions:
How well the input that a child receives throughout a day is portrayed by a selected sample and correlates with the child's vocal activeness depends on the choice of input units and sampling methods. Different input units appear to generate consistent results, while caution should be taken when choosing sampling methods.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22335688
Paraspinal Gossypiboma (Textiloma) Mimicking a Soft Tissue Tumor
Authors: Krishnan Prasad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParaspinal textilomas are dreaded complications of spinal surgery and rarely reported in view of the medico-legal problems they may create. As many of them are asymptomatic and most are unreported, their true incidence is unknown. They must be kept in mind when re-operating for any mass lesion seen on magnetic resonance imaging in the vicinity of a previously operated spine. We present the case of a 40-year-old man found to have a textiloma as a result of a previous surgery, describe his imaging and histological findings, discuss the causes that might lead to the same, and enumerate preventive strategies to avoid such a complication.
Developments of muonic X-ray measurement system for historical-cultural heritage samples in Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC)
Authors: Tampo M. , Miyake Y. , Kutsuna T. , Saito T. , Takeshita S. , Umegaki I. , Shimomura K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Negative muon elemental analysis, which can measure depth-wise elemental composition from 100 nm to several centimeters with a depth resolution of order µm, is a revolutionary technology that enables the nondestructive analysis of materials. In recent years, this technique has begun to apply to understand historical cultural heritage. We have studied the Japanese archaeological heritage to provide new insights into Japanese archaeological research. Here, we report the progress on development of intense (high speed) negative muon X-ray measurement system at KEK Muon Science Laboratory (MSL) in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). For this purpose, the efficiency of detectors (wide energy range and high resolution) were improved by preparing a high-purity multi-arrayed germanium semiconductor detectors (HP Ge) to detect one photon or less per muon pulse available in J-PARC. In addition, by increasing the number of detectors and suppressing the noise sources, we have succeeded to enhance the detection efficiency by about 10 times compared to conventional systems.
Inverse Laplace Transform Approaches to βNMR Relaxation
Authors: MacFarlane W A , Fujimoto D , McFadden R M L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Spin lattice relaxation is the simplest type of βNMR measurement. The usual approach is to implant a pulse of hyperpolarized nuclei and monitor the time-resolved β-decay asymmetry, yielding the ensemble average spin-lattice relaxation. In the simplest case, the asymmetry decays exponentially with a characteristic time constant T
1, but this ideal is rarely obtained in practice. In most data, the relaxation is more complicated. This can be the result of multiple crystallographic sites for the implanted probe each having a distinct T
1. The sample may also be inhomogeneous due to: impurities or defects (including interfaces that are particularly important for thin films), intrinsic phase separation, or, if it is a glass. There may also be a background signal from probe ions that stop outside the sample. The general approach to this problem has been the ad hoc development of an appropriate relaxation model that avoids overparametrization.
Given the prevalence of more complicated relaxation, it is crucial to develop a systematic approach to relaxation modelling. The decomposition of a relaxing signal into exponentials is, however, a mathematically ill-posed problem[1]. This feature is intrinsic and unavoidable, but there are a number of methods to accommodate it for noisy real-world data, including nuclear spin relaxation[2, 3, 4].
Here we demonstrate one of the best and most commonly used methods, Tikhonov regularization for the inverse Laplace transform, implemented for the particular features of βNMR relaxation data, most importantly the strong time dependence of the statistical uncertainty stemming from the radioactive lifetime of the probe.
Development of a Digitising Data Acquisition Pipeline for Next Generation Pulsed Muon Spectrometers
Authors: Pooley D E , Abba A , Akeroyd F A , Baker P J , Boston A , Brooks A , Cottrell S P , Caponio F , Evans C , Franklin S , Macwaters C , Nixon D , Pastori L , Rhodes N J , Richards S , Schooneveld E M , Templeman D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The next generation of muon spin spectrometers at the ISIS pulsed source are being developed to make efficient use of the increased source intensity. They will provide a transformational improvement in counting rates: ‘Super-MuSR’ will be the first of these instruments, capable of counting at ≈1 G·event·hr−1. Key to delivering this capability is the development of highly pixelated, high density detector arrays that cover an appreciable solid angle, with each detector element optimised for counting at very high data rates. A series of ‘firsts’ are planned to optimise individual element count rate capability, where analogue waveforms recorded from SiPMs are fully digitised and processed using digital signal processing (DSP) methods at either software or firmware level. Full raw-signal digitisation will be achieved using the Xilinx Zynq® UltraScale+TM series of ‘system on a chip’ operating with ADCs capable of 1 GHz sampling, data handling using event streaming technology, and DSP to provide novel data correction techniques. We will discuss our concept and present preliminary results. Our prototype digitising data acquisition system, which is key to implementing a ‘digital data pipeline’ (DDP) is presented.
Confirming the high pressure phase diagram of the Shastry-Sutherland model
Authors: Ge Yuqing , Andreica Daniel , Sassa Yasmine , Nocerino Elisabetta , Pomjakushina Ekaterina , Khasanov Rustem , Rønnow Henrik M. , Månsson Martin , Forslund Ola Kenji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A Muon Spin Rotation (µ
+
SR) study was conducted to investigate the magnetic properties of SrCu2(BO3)2 (SCBO) as a function of temperature/pressure. Measurements in zero field and transverse field confirm the absence of long range magnetic order at high pressures and low temperatures. These measurements suggest changes in the Cu spin fluctuations characteristics above 21 kbar, consistent with the formation of a plaquette phase as previously suggested by inelastic neutron scattering measurements. SCBO is the only known realisation of the Shatry-Sutherland model, thus the ground state mediating the dimer and antiferromagnetic phase is likekly to be a plaquette state.