bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of screw insertion angle and speed on the incidence of transcortical fracture development in a canine tibial diaphyseal model
Authors: Sadowitz Peter M. , Jones Stephen C. , Beale Brian S. , Cross Alan R. , Hudson Caleb C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the incidence of transcortical fracture (TCF) development based on screw insertion angle and screw insertion speed.Study designCadaveric experimental study.Sample populationSixty‐six canine tibiae.MethodsSixty‐six cadaveric tibiae were randomly assigned to one of six groups that varied based on screw insertion angle relative to the pilot hole (0, 5, or 10°) and screw insertion speed (650 or 1350 revolutions per minute [rpm]). Each tibia was mounted in a custom jig. Locking self‐tapping screws (3.5 mm) were inserted at varying speeds and insertion angles, based on group assignment. Orthogonal radiographs were evaluated for TCFs. Fisher's exact tests with a Bonferroni correction were performed to evaluate differences in the frequency of TCF between groups.ResultsIn Group A (0°/650 rpm: control), a 0% TCF rate was observed (n = 0/80). Group B (5°/650 rpm) had a 3.75% TCF rate (n = 3/80). Group C (10°/650 rpm) had a 12.5% TCF rate (n = 10/80). Group D (10°/hand insertion) had a 3.75% TCF rate (n = 3/80). Group E (10°/1350 rpm) had a 17.5% TCF rate (n = 14/80). Group F (0°/1350 rpm) had a 0% TCF rate (n = 0/80). Groups C and E had the highest TCF rates with a difference in TCF rates observed between the control group and Group C (p = .001) and between the control group and Group E (p < .001).ConclusionIncreased screw insertion angle and insertion speed appear to be predisposing factors for TCF development in cadaveric bone.Clinical significanceEnsuring screw insertion is coaxial with the pilot hole and using slower screw insertion speeds may help reduce the risk of TCF development.
A dichotomy for extreme values of zeta and Dirichlet L$L$‐functions
Authors: Bondarenko Andriy , Darbar Pranendu , Hagen Markus V. , Heap Winston , Seip Kristian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe exhibit large values of the Dedekind zeta function of a cyclotomic field on the critical line. This implies a dichotomy whereby one either has improved lower bounds for the maximum of the Riemann zeta function, or large values of Dirichlet ‐functions on the level of the Bondarenko–Seip bound.
The polynomials X2+(Y2+1)2$X^2+(Y^2+1)^2$ and X2+(Y3+Z3)2$X^{2} + (Y^3+Z^3)^2$ also capture their primes
Authors: Merikoski Jori 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe show that there are infinitely many primes of the form and . This extends the work of Friedlander and Iwaniec showing that there are infinitely many primes of the form . More precisely, Friedlander and Iwaniec obtained an asymptotic formula for the number of primes of this form. For the sequences and , we establish Type II information that is too narrow for an aysmptotic formula, but we can use Harman's sieve method to produce a lower bound of the correct order of magnitude for primes of form and . Estimating the Type II sums is reduced to a counting problem that is solved by using the Weil bound, where the arithmetic input is quite different from the work of Friedlander and Iwaniec for . We also show that there are infinitely many primes where is represented by an incomplete norm form of degree with variables. For this, we require a Deligne‐type bound for correlations of hyper‐Kloosterman sums.
Pain management in indigenous and tribal peoples: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Oliveira Pâmela Roberta de , Pereira Lilian Varanda , da Silva Carvalho Vila Vanessa , Guimarães Lemes Alisséia , da Rocha Elias Marcelino , Ferreira Adriano Borges , Borges Maraísa Delmut 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionEffective and culturally safe pain management can facilitate analgesia and improve the quality of life. Individualised, multimodal and multidisciplinary approaches are highly recommended. There exist gaps in the knowledge on pain management, in terms of the assessment and/or treatment, in indigenous peoples and the currently available information is scattered in the literature. A scoping review will provide an overview or evidence map on the variety of approaches used in different cultures, in different parts of the world.Methods and analysisThe search strategy comprises three stages. The first stage identified the MeSH terms and keywords in PubMed. The second stage will consist of a search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, APA PsycNet and Scopus, followed by a search in Google and Google Scholar, GreyGuide, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Theses Canada Portal (Library and Archives Canada), TROVE (National Library of Australia), Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Bibliography, and Cybertesis. The papers will be screened, selected and extracted independently by two researchers. Descriptive data analysis will be performed, and the results will be presented using a narrative summary, graphs, tables and figures.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not require ethical approval, as data from the literature available in databases will be collected and analysed. The protocol was registered at the Open Science Framework. The data on pain assessment and treatment in indigenous peoples will be presented through a narrative summary, figures, charts and tables. Results will be submitted to an open-access journal for publication and will be disseminated through scientific events, scientific meetings, public events and conversation circles with indigenous peoples.
Drug retention of biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the ANSWER cohort study
Authors: Ebina Kosuke , Etani Yuki , Maeda Yuichi , Okita Yasutaka , Hirao Makoto , Yamamoto Wataru , Hashimoto Motomu , Murata Koichi , Hara Ryota , Nagai Koji , Hiramatsu Yuri , Son Yonsu , Amuro Hideki , Fujii Takayuki , Okano Takaichi , Ueda Yo , Katayama Masaki , Okano Tadashi , Tachibana Shotaro , Hayashi Shinya , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Okada Seiji , Nakata Ken 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThis multicentre retrospective study in Japan aimed to assess the retention of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi), and to clarify the factors affecting their retention in a real-world cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsThe study included 6666 treatment courses (bDMARD-naïve or JAKi-naïve cases, 55.4%; tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) = 3577; anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibodies (aIL-6R) = 1497; cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4-Ig (CTLA4-Ig) = 1139; JAKi=453 cases). The reasons for discontinuation were divided into four categories (ineffectiveness, toxic adverse events, non-toxic reasons and remission); multivariate Cox proportional hazards modelling by potential confounders was used to analyse the HRs of treatment discontinuation.ResultsTNFi (HR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.69 to 2.19), CTLA4-Ig (HR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.67) and JAKi (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.63) showed a higher discontinuation rate due to ineffectiveness than aIL-6R. TNFi (HR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.56) and aIL-6R (HR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.57) showed a higher discontinuation rate due to toxic adverse events than CTLA4-Ig. Concomitant use of oral glucocorticoids (GCs) at baseline was associated with higher discontinuation rate due to ineffectiveness in TNFi (HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.41), as well as toxic adverse events in JAKi (HR=2.30, 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.28) and TNFi (HR=1.29, 95%CI: 1.07 to 1.55).ConclusionsTNFi (HR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.37 to 1.68) and CTLA4-Ig (HR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.30) showed a higher overall drug discontinuation rate, excluding non-toxicity and remission, than aIL-6R.
Impact of ultrasound limitation to assess aortitis in patients with giant cell arteritis: comparative study with FDG-PET/CT
Authors: Molina-Collada Juan , Castrejón Isabel , Monjo-Henry Irene , Fernández-Fernández Elisa , Torres Ortiz Gabriela , Martínez-Barrio Julia , Álvaro-Gracia José María , de Miguel Eugenio 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of ultrasound (US) intrinsic limitation to assess aortitis versus FDG-PET/CT in patients with US-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to identify factors associated with aortic involvement.MethodsRetrospective observational study of patients referred to US fast-track clinics at two academic centres over a 4-year period. Only patients with GCA confirmed by US were included. Temporal arteries (TA) and extracranial arteries US were performed at baseline. FDG-PET/CT was performed according to clinician’s criteria. An FDG artery uptake at the aorta higher than liver uptake was considered positive for aortitis.ResultsSeventy-two of 186 patients with US-proven GCA underwent an FDG-PET/CT; 29 (40.3%) had a positive FDG-PET/CT and 24 (33.3%) presented aortitis. Only 6 (20.7%) patients with positive FDG-PET/CT had negative US findings of large vessel (LV)-GCA. Among patients with aortitis in FDG-PET/CT, only two (8.3%) had negative US findings of LV-GCA. Patients with aortitis were younger (68.9 vs 81;p<0.001), more frequently females (79.2% vs 39.6%;p=0.002) and had higher platelets count (413.4 vs 311.1;p=0014). Patients with aortitis presented positive TA US less frequently (41.7% vs 83.3%;p<0.001), but more LV US involvement (91.7% vs 41.7%; p<0.001) versus patients without aortitis. None of the patients with aortitis exhibited visual symptoms (0% vs 31.2%;p=0.001).ConclusionsFDG-PET/CT can detect aortitis in one out of every three patients with US-proven GCA. However, a negative US examination for LV-GCA suggests a low risk of aortitis. Younger and female GCA patients with thrombocytosis, absence of visual manifestations and LV-GCA on US may more frequently present aortitis by FDG-PET/CT.
Subcutaneous and visceral fat are associated with worse outcomes in gunshot injuries but not stab injuries to the torso
Authors: Mejias Christopher , Hoegger Mark , Snyder Jason , Raptis Constantine , Mellnick Vincent 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe effect of obesity in penetrating trauma outcomes is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a protective effect of subcutaneous or visceral fat from stab and gunshot wounds.Methods443 patients admitted after penetrating traumatic injury of the torso were retrospectively identified from our institution’s trauma registry. CT scans performed at presentation were used to determine cross-sectional area of visceral and subcutaneous fat at the level of the umbilicus via manual segmentation. Obesity-associated parameters including body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous fat were compared with injury severity score, length of hospital/intesive care unit (ICU) stay, and number of operating room (OR) visits. Parameters were compared between patients who sustained stab wounds versus gunshot injuries.ResultsComparing all patients with gunshot injuries with those with stab injuries, gunshots resulted in increased hospital and ICU length of stay, and injury severity score (ISS). For patients with gunshot wounds, all obesity-related parameters correlated with increased length of stay and total ICU stay; subcutaneous fat and visceral fat were correlated with increased OR visits, but there was no significant correlation between obesity-related parameters and ISS. In contrast, with stab wounds there were no statistically significant associations between obesity parameters and any of the outcome measures.ConclusionFor penetrating trauma in the torso, obesity is correlated with worse outcomes with gunshot injuries but not in stab injuries.Level of evidenceLevel III, prognostic and epidemiological.
Effect of CAD/CAM Position and Thickness of Ultra-Translucent Multilayered Zirconia on Color Aspects
Authors: Pongtongkham Palanupap , Pleumsamran Nathawat , Suttiat Kullapop 
Published: August 2023

Background. Ultra-translucent multilayered zirconia restorations fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology have recently gained popularity. Their esthetic appeal is crucially dependent on the color accuracy, influenced by prosthesis thickness and multilayer composition due to CAD/CAM milling positions. This study comprehensively investigated how these two factors impacted color accuracy, thereby enhancing our understanding of color outcomes. Materials and Methods. One hundred monolithic multilayer zirconia specimens with 10 × 10 mm square shape were milled in four different positions and five different thicknesses (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mm). The specimens were placed on an A3 shade resin composite substrate, and CIELAB values (L

∗

, a

∗

, and b

∗

) were measured using a spectrophotometer. Delta E (ΔE) values were calculated to quantify the color differences between the specimens and the A3 VITA classical shade tab and compared with the perceptibility and acceptability thresholds of ΔE = 1.2 and 2.7, respectively. Pearson correlation, two-way ANOVA, and Tukey multiple comparisons (α = 0.05) were performed. Results. The proportion of the dentin layer was positively correlated with the a

∗

and b

∗

values, while specimen thickness was positively correlated with the a

∗

value and negatively correlated with the L

∗

and b

∗

values. Significant difference in ΔE value due to different CAD/CAM positions was not observed within the same specimen thickness. Perceptible color differences were observed in specimens with thicknesses greater than 1 mm, while specimens with 1 mm thickness fell within the clinically acceptable range. Highest ΔE value was found in the specimen with 1 mm thickness. Conclusions. Different compositions of multilayers in the final restoration due to different CAD/CAM positions do not significantly affect the color appearance of ultra-translucent multilayer zirconia, with color only influenced by specimen thickness.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells: Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Leukemia, Lymphoma, and Myeloma
Authors: Rodríguez Gil de Montes Angibelle Lizmar , Spencer Lilian Maritza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In immunotherapy with T cells genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR), autologous lymphocytes are extracted from the patient, genetically modified to obtain CAR-T cells, and reintroduced into the patient to attack cancer cells. The success of this therapy has been achieved in the area of CD19-positive leukemias and lymphomas, being approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma. CARs are proteins that combine antibody specificity with T-cell cytotoxicity. The most common toxicities associated with therapy were not predicted by preclinical testing and include cytokine release syndrome, neurotoxicity, and cytopenias. These toxicities are usually reversible. One of the main challenges facing the field is the high economic cost that therapy entails, so the search for ways to reduce this cost must be a priority. In addition, other challenges to overcome include the situation that not all patients are supplied with the product and the existence of long waiting times for the start of therapy. The aim of this review is to present the development of the structure of CAR-T cells, the therapies approved to date, the toxicity associated with them, and the advantages and limitations that they present as immunotherapy.
Fertile or Futile Grounds for Excluding Criminal Responsibility? A Critical Analysis of the Ongwen Judgment in Relation to the Claim of Coercive Environment
Authors: Nortje Windell , Quénivet Noëlle 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Dominic Ongwen was convicted and sentenced for numerous atrocities by the International Criminal Court (icc) in 2021. The Defence focused on the coercive environment that Ongwen was subjected to from his abduction as a boy until his surrender as an adult. The icc rejected the claim of duress as a ground for excluding criminal responsibility in the context of a past and present coercive environment. This article examines how the icc interpreted and applied duress in the Ongwen case and evaluates whether a coercive environment can be categorised as a unique defence in the icc Statute. This is done by scrutinising whether a coercive environment has been raised as a defence in domestic jurisdictions. This paper shows that national courts have not recognised a defence specific to crimes committed in a coercive environment and thus concludes that no such defence can be used by defendants before the icc.
Mainstream and Marginal Theologies in Australian Pentecostalism
Authors: Newton Jon K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pentecostalism has always struggled to define itself theologically from the beginning. Starting out as a marginal stream within Christianity, early Pentecostals were reluctant to compose statements of faith and were susceptible to a range of new doctrines, a problem that continues to this day. In this article, the author surveys the theological development of Pentecostalism in Australia, giving special attention to a specific Australian-born movement, Christian Revival Crusade, because of its distinctive doctrines of British-Israelism and deliverance of believers from evil spirits. The author concludes with some observations of recent doctrinal developments in Australian Pentecostalism before positing some causes for such changes and drawing some lessons for Pentecostalism as a whole.
How Many Times — It’s Zero Time Theory
Authors: Hancock P. A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The flawed duality of mind and body leads logically, but fallaciously, to a conception of time divided into the physical and the psychological. The apparent question then becomes how to reconcile the two disparate perspectives and the integration of psychological constructs such as the “now” of the observer into the physis of the outer world. However, since mind is only an emergent property of a specific configuration of matter, so time becomes the inexorable delusion of living systems. The duality of time is thus a spurious inquiry motivated by flawed, but still understandably compelling premise.
Indications for a Franciscan Role in the Philanthropic Activities of the Early Florentine Misericordia
Authors: Levin William R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Scholarship on Saint Francis of Assisi and the Franciscan movement, established in the thirteenth century, surprisingly tends to ignore his response to a central message of the Church: that we must love and care for the needy among our human brethren. Jesus himself said so, nowhere more explicitly than in Matthew, chapter twenty-five. Yet Francis’s writings repeatedly manifest his familiarity with Matthew, including that chapter. Conditions in rapidly urbanizing parts of Europe during the late-medieval period such as Northern and Central Italy rendered Christ’s mandate to “love one another” especially pertinent. Charitable confraternities played a major role in mitigating human suffering during that transitional era, providing various types of assistance community-wide to disadvantaged neighbors. Archival documents confirm that such actions performed by members of the Misericordia Confraternity of Florence followed Christ’s declaration in Matthew 25 setting forth the Corporal Works of Mercy. Inscriptions and pictorial details in the Misericordia’s frescoed Allegory of Mercy of 1342 underscore this point. Other details within that painting signal a Franciscan influence upon, and presence within, the Misericordia Company, reflecting the existence of a robust Franciscan community in Florence comprising not only members of the First and Second Orders—the Friars Minor and Poor Clares, respectively—but also laypersons of the Third Order. Passages in the writings of Saint Francis and his early biographers indicate the importance that works of mercy had for the Poverello, the six named in Matthew and a seventh commonly added to that list. In particular, Francis’s experiences, pronouncements, and efforts in regard to the fourth and sixth works of mercy, clothing the naked and aiding prisoners, exemplify the charitable activities both encouraged by the saint and, almost certainly with his background, words, and deeds in mind, actually implemented by members of the Misericordia Confraternity, as articulated in their inspirational centerpiece, the Allegory of Mercy.
Novel recycling of plastic waste into high impact resistant ultralightweight thermally insulated hybrid composite
Authors: Ibrahim Juhaina , Bhowmik Shantanu 
Published: August 2023

This research discusses the development of a high performance composite out of waste plastic that is ultralightweight, thermally insulated, and high impact resistant. Polycarbonate sheet and Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) foam were combined to create the composite, and silicon adhesive was used to fabricate the composite. Polycarbonate sheets are high impact resistant material, high thermal insulation is provided by XLPE foam, and silicon adhesive is used because of its low thermal conductivity. The composite was fabricated using a stacking technique. The composite prototype was then evaluated by experimenting it to dry ice at a temperature of −78.6°C. Drop tests, compression tests, density measurements was carried out, and thermal analysis was carried out using thermogravimetric analysis. The sample can endure low temperatures while maintaining room temperature on the other side, according to a 24 h dry ice test, whilst a drop test demonstrated that it can withstand significant impact loads. A numerical simulation using Abaqus/Explicit was also used to validate the variations in temperature between the outside surface at −20°C and the inside surface maintained at 30°C of the composites when exposed to cold temperature. The result reveals that the hybrid composite are highly promising in terms of thermal insulation.
Telomere length and its association with systemic lupus erythematosus in an Asian population: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Yasi , Zhu Yanan , Ye Meijie , Mao Yong , Zhan Yiqiang 
Published: August 2023

Objectives To investigate whether shorter telomere length is a causal risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the Asian population. Methods We applied the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to the pooled statistics from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 6,707 SLE cases and 16,047 controls. We selected nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with genome-wide significance as instrumental variables for telomere length. The main analysis was carried out by the random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated by the intercept of MR-Egger regression. Results A potentially causal relationship between longer genetically predicted telomere length and increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.21, 2.46, p = 0.01) was observed. The MR-Egger regression demonstrated an intercept proximal to zero (intercept = 0.017, p = 0.69), which does not provide evidence of the presence of horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusions Our findings provided evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between longer telomere length and increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus.