bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Metakaolin-Based Alkali-Activated Mortar for Underwater Placement
Authors: Hwalla Joud , Saba Mariane , Assaad Joseph , El-Hassan Hilal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study assesses the performance of metakaolin (MK)-based alkali-activated geopolymers as potential materials for underwater applications. Mortars were formulated using gradually higher sand volumes, which resulted in binder-to-sand ratios varying from 1:3 to 1:1.85 and 1:0.8. The alkali-activated solution (AAS) was produced using sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. The AAS was adjusted to achieve a flow of 16 and 22 ± 1 cm while the setting times, plastic viscosity, washout loss, and 28-day compressive strengths were determined. Generally, an increase in AAS content prolonged setting time, while washout loss increased with higher sand content. Mortars with lower flowability exhibited higher resistance to washout, attributed to higher viscosity and stickiness of the matrix. The compressive strengths of mortars cast in dry or underwater conditions ranged between 23.4–54.1 MPa and 12.7–28.3 MPa, respectively; the residual strengths varied from 50.5% to 75.6%, mainly depending on the AAS-to-binder ratio.
Achieving a Net Zero Built Environment: The Need to Focus on Urban Green Footprint
Authors: Biswas Wahidul K. , Ingram Gordon D. , John Michele 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUrbanisation is growing rapidly with global population and economic growth. Significant action is required to find possible solutions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from new physical structures and supporting infrastructure, such as transport, water and energy networks, enabling urban planners and engineers to decarbonise the built environment to achieve a net zero emission (NZE) target by 2050. Life cycle assessment (LCA) plays a pivotal role in decarbonising the built environment as it helps identify materials, construction processes, design, and end use energy technologies significantly increasing the carbon footprint of the built environment and extending the influence of urban heat island (UHI) impacts. This paper will present a comprehensive LCA framework to calculate the GHG emissions associated with a modern central business district (CBD), including trade, commerce, and service industries, to help identify the hotspots contributing significantly to GHG emissions in a city and the possible decarbonising pathways to encourage NZE development. This framework could then be used to assess the potential for emissions management in city development and urban planning. The system boundary of the LCA will consider all stages from raw materials procurement up to the delivery of the aforementioned services. All the main urban infrastructure systems, including the transportation system, construction, energy and water supply networks and waste management systems, will be considered in the life cycle assessment process. Traffic congestion, population mobility, the urban heat island effect and landscape issues will be considered as these are also factors accelerating the increase of GHG emissions. In using this suggested LCA framework, we can then develop the green engineering solutions required to help the urban planning process develop a potential decarbonisation roadmap towards NZE targets for our cities.
Public Participation in Constitutional Reform: The Challenges of Chile’s Experiments in Expanding Citizen Involvement
Authors: Salazar Maite 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Public participation is valued and viewed as a key aspect of most modern constitution-making and constitutional reform processes. In Chile, different publics played multiple roles as initiators, electors, contributors, and approvers during the constitutional-building process. The Constitutional Convention (CC) developed but struggled to implement an ambitious, multi-layered public participation framework. From the perspective of the participation process and considering the negative results, it seems that the process failed to fully connect with expectations and sentiments. This chapter identifies three aspects which contributed to this disconnect, while noting the range of participatory methods enabled by the CC under pandemic conditions and in a country with limited recent participatory experiences.
Rights of Nature in an ‘Eco-constitution’: Needs, Goals, and Hopes for a Paradigm Change in Environmental Governance
Authors: Barandiaran Javiera 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The proposed constitution included Rights of Nature (RoN) provisions, building on Ecuador’s 2008 Constitution and experiences found in over 30 countries worldwide. Had the constitution been approved, Chile would have become the third country with national RoN. This chapter argues that RoN are an idea whose time has come, with a long history and wide-ranging philosophical foundations in Indigenous and Western thought. In Chile, RoN drew on these varied traditions to integrate RoN into what activists, lawyers, and CC members called the Eco-constitution. This sought to lay the foundations for state responsibility for environmental stewardship, expand access to environmental justice, and make environmental rights transversal.
A review of the influence of sand properties on parts manufactured by rapid sand casting through additive manufacturing
Authors: Oguntuyi Samson Dare , Nyembwe Kasongo , Shongwe Mxolisi Brendon , Kabasele Jonathan , Mojisola Tajudeen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sand casting remains widely utilized in both small- and large-scale production due to its simplicity, especially for small parts manufacturing. Recent innovations, such as rapid sand mold and core creation through additive processes, have significantly reduced lead times compared to traditional pattern-making methods, which often require weeks or months. However, products from rapid sand casting frequently exhibit defects, including poor surface finishes and inconsistent mechanical properties. This review critically examines key sand properties such as size and shape distribution, chemical composition, surface area, packing density, flowability, microstructure, and thermal behavior that influence the quality of rapid sand casting. Understanding, addressing, and optimizing these properties are essential for enhancing casting efficiency and improving product quality. Moreover, future research will explore cutting-edge technological advancements to enhance these properties and meet the growing demands of modern industry.
Associated Cardiac and Extracardiac Anomalies in Patients with Abnormal Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Bambul Heck Pinar , Ziermann Franziska , Simmelbauer Andreas , von Stumm Maria , Bozyer Hazer Ercan , Ewert Peter , Hager Alfred 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnomalous origin of coronary arteries from the pulmonary artery (ACAPA) are rare but clinically significant condition with high mortality if left untreated. Even more rarely, ACAPA is associated with other congenital heart defects. From 1974 to 2024, 120 patients with anomalous coronary arteries connected to the pulmonary artery were retrospectively analyzed. Medical records including surgical operative notes and angiography protocols were screened for any other cardiac and extracardiac defects. Anomalous left coronary artery connected to the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) was present in 103 patients, anomalous right coronary artery connected to the pulmonary artery (ARCAPA) in 6, anomalous circumflex coronary artery connected to the pulmonary artery (ACXPA) in 7, anomalous left anterior descending coronary artery connected to the pulmonary artery (ALADPA) in 2, and anomalous single coronary artery connected to the pulmonary artery (ASCAPA) in 2 patients. Anomalous origin of the coronary artery from the pulmonary arteries was associated with other congenital heart defects in 16 patients (13%) and with extracardiac anomalies in 10 patients (8%). Most associated cardiac anomalies were left-sided obstructive defects or shunt-lesions. Patients with ACAPA and associated cardiac defects had poorer perioperative survival. A precise diagnosis of coronary anatomy is crucial for preoperative planning and the success of the surgery of patients with congenital heart defects. In particular, for patients with a challenging postoperative course, an anomalous coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery should be considered.
Development and validation of the nomogram of high fascial compartment pressure with pilon fracture
Authors: Hu Xin , Wang Peiyuan , Li Chengsi , Liu Lin , Wang Xin , Jin Lin , Zhao Kuo , Wang Ling , Hou Zhiyong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
High Fascial Compartment Pressure (HCP) is one of the most common complications in ankle fractures. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of HCP in pilon fracture and analyze the risk factors of HCP in order to closely monitor its further development into Acute Compartment Syndrome. A nomogram is constructed and validated to predict HCP in patients with pilon fracture.

Methods
We collected information on 1,863 patients with pilon fracture in the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University Hospital from January 2019 to March 2024. Patients with HCP were assigned to the HCP group and those without HCP to the non-HCP group. The inpatient medical record system was inquired for data collection, including demographics, comorbidities, injury types, and laboratory biomarkers. Variables with a significance level of P < 0.05 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The backward stepwise regression method was applied to identify independent risk factors associated with HCP. The selected predictors were then entered into R software for further analysis, and Nomogram construction.

Results
The rate of HCP was 11.57%. Several predictors of HCP were found, including Body Mass Index (BMI) (p<0.001), Deep Vein Thrombosis (p < 0.001), occurrence of Fracture Blister (FB) (p < 0.001), use of Dehydrating Agent (p < 0.001), duration of limb immobilization (p < 0.001),and Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII) (p < 0.001). In addition, BMI (p < 0.001, OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.71), DVT (p < 0.001, OR 4.35, 95% CI 2.51 to 7.52), duration of limb immobilization (p < 0.01, OR 1.66, 95%CI 1.25 to 2.20) and SII (p < 0.01, OR 1.00, 95%CI 1.00 to 1.00) were correlated with increased HCP risk. Meanwhile, FB (p < 0.001, OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.39) and Dehydrating Agent (p < 0.001, OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.19) were associated with decreased HCP risk. The nomogram was established based on six predictors independently related to HCP.

Conclusions
Our investigation has shown that, compared with tibial diaphyseal fractures, pilon fractures are more prone to HCP because of their high energy injury characteristics. This research also shows BMI, DVT, occurrence of FB, use of Dehydrating Agent, duration of limb immobilization, and SII are independent risk factors for HCP in patients with pilon fracture. We have also devised a nomogram grounded in these identified predictors. In particular, this study found for the first time that SII is an independent risk factor for HCP, which provides a basis for clinical and basic science research on fascial immunology in the future.
Histological prediction and choice of the best resection strategy in front of a colorectal lesion > 2 cm: prospective comparison of endoscopic characterization, non-targeted and targeted biopsies
Authors: Lafeuille Pierre , Daire Emilien , Rivory Jérôme , Rostain Florian , Saurin Jean-Christophe , Lambin Thomas , Moll Frédéric , Subtil Fabien , Fenouil Tanguy , Jacques Jérémie , Pioche Mathieu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Accurate endoscopic characterization of colorectal lesions is essential to predict histology and select the best treatment strategy but remains very difficult. Instead of the recommended endoscopic characterization, many gastroenterologists routinely perform biopsies of the lesion to propose endoscopic resection with or without R0 intent. The aim of this study was to determine which of endoscopic characterization or biopsies, either targeted (TB) or non-targeted (NTB), is the most effective to determine the best treatment strategy for colorectal neoplasia > 2 cm.

Methods
We prospectively assessed the best strategy between endoscopic characterization and targeted or non-targeted biopsies, so that the proposed resection technique offered a level of quality of tumor resection adapted to the definitive histology of the lesion on R0-resected specimen.

Results
84 patients with 88 lesions were included. “Adequate treatment” was proposed by endoscopic characterization in 52.3 to 70.5% of cases, “under treatment” in 2.3 to 9.1% and “over treatment” in 20.5 to 45.5%. Two severe events were recorded. “Adequate treatment” was proposed by TB and NTB in respectively 72.7 and 69.3% of cases, “under treatment” in respectively 27.3 and 30.7% and no case of “over treatment” was reported. TB and NTB were ineffective to evaluate the depth of invasion in the submucosa and to differentiate superficial invasive from deep invasive adenocarcinomas.

Conclusions
Biopsies-based strategies are unable to predict depth of cancer invasion and could be associated with a risk of under treatment of large colorectal lesions in near a third of the cases compared to only around 5% with endoscopic characterization. Endoscopic characterization could lead to over treatment, but mainly by endoscopic submucosal dissection with low morbidity. Characterization with the CONECCT classification could decrease the risk of under treatment and avoid surgeries for non-malignant colorectal lesions. Other endoscopic criteria should be determined to better characterize colorectal lesions and to improve the best adapted treatment for each lesion.

Graphical abstract
An integrated decision-making process for risk analysis of decentralized finance
Authors: Kirişci Murat 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDecentralized finance is upending the financial system through innovative, open, and interoperable financial solutions. Decentralized finance is a rapidly emerging field based on distributed ledger technology. Decentralized banking protocols are witnessing a perfect storm in terms of growth. However, because these financial innovations pose specific risks to consumers, creators, regulators, and other stakeholders, this emerging subject demands careful investigation. The current study tries to categorize and rate the risks connected with decentralized finance. The current study seeks to identify the multiple risks associated with decentralized finance through a thorough literature analysis. Data gathered from specialists in prior research were incorporated into the study used for empirical analysis. As MCDM techniques, IVFF-based DEMATEL, AHP, and TOPSIS are first used, and then the IVFF-ARAS method and sensitivity analysis are used for performance evaluation and verification. The findings of this study have several ramifications for legislators, businesspeople, technologists, and practitioners. These stakeholders can concentrate on these weaknesses in the future and provide longer-lasting solutions.
SOPA: a framework for sustainability-oriented process analysis and re-design in business process management
Authors: Klessascheck Finn , Weber Ingo , Pufahl Luise 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGiven the continuous global degradation of the Earth’s ecosystem due to unsustainable human activity, it is increasingly important for enterprises to evaluate the effects they have on the environment. Consequently, assessing the impact of business processes on sustainability is becoming an important consideration in the discipline of Business Process Management (BPM). However, existing practical approaches that aim at a sustainability-oriented analysis of business processes provide only a limited perspective on the environmental impact caused. Further, they provide no clear and practically applicable mechanism for sustainability-driven process analysis and re-design. Following a design science methodology, we here propose and study SOPA, a framework for sustainability-oriented process analysis and re-design. SOPA extends the BPM life cycle by use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for sustainability analysis in combination with Activity-based Costing (ABC). We evaluate SOPA and its usefulness with a case study, by means of an implementation to support the approach, thereby also illustrating the practical applicability of this work.
A comprehensive survey on impact of applying various technologies on the internet of medical things
Authors: El-deep Shorouk E. , Abohany Amr A. , Sallam Karam M. , El-Mageed Amr A. Abd 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the transformative impact of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) on healthcare. By integrating medical equipment and sensors with the internet, IoMT enables real-time monitoring of patient health, remote patient care, and individualized treatment plans. IoMT significantly improves several healthcare domains, including managing chronic diseases, patient safety, and drug adherence, resulting in better patient outcomes and reduced expenses. Technologies like blockchain, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and cloud computing further boost IoMT’s capabilities in healthcare. Blockchain enhances data security and interoperability, AI analyzes massive volumes of health data to find patterns and make predictions, and cloud computing offers scalable and cost-effective data processing and storage. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the Internet of Things (IoT) and IoMT-based edge-intelligent smart healthcare, focusing on publications published between 2018 and 2024. The review addresses numerous studies on IoT, IoMT, AI, edge and cloud computing, security, Deep Learning, and blockchain. The obstacles facing IoMT are also covered in this paper, including interoperability issues, regulatory compliance, and privacy and data security concerns. Finally, recommendations for further studies are provided.
Oral cell lysates reduce osteoclastogenesis in murine bone marrow cultures
Authors: Panahipour Layla , Abbasabadi Azarakhsh Oladzad , Shao Feng , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMechanical and thermal cell damage can occur due to invasive procedures related to drilling, the insertion of dental implants, and periodontal treatments. Necrotic cells release the content of their cytoplasm and membrane fragments, thereby signaling the need for repair, which includes bone resorption by osteoclasts and inflammation. Here we screened lysates from human gingival fibroblasts, HSC2 and TR146 oral squamous carcinoma cell lines, as well as murine IDG-SW3 osteocytic and RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines for their potential to modulate in vitro osteoclastogenesis in murine bone marrow cultures. We also tested the impact of necrotic lysates on modulating the expression of inflammatory cues in murine ST2 bone marrow stromal cells. We report here that independent of human or murine origin, all cell lysates significantly reduced in vitro osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow cultures, as indicated by the expression of the osteoclast marker genes cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and the respective histochemical staining in multinucleated cells. We also found that lysates from HSC2 and TR146 cells significantly pushed the expression of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL1, IL1, and IL6 in ST2 cells. These findings suggest that oral cell lysates reduce in vitro osteoclastogenesis, but only damaged oral squamous carcinoma cells can force murine stromal cells to produce an inflammatory environment.
2-ethylhexylamine additive boosts the transport properties of PVA-based polymer electrolyte for quasi-solid-state magnesium batteries
Authors: Ibrahim S. Y. , Abouelhassan S. , Sheha E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMagnesium-sulfur (Mg-S) batteries offer excellent energy density, safety, and a cost-effective energy storage system. Realizing Mg-S batteries requires bypassing significant challenges like electrolyte compatibility with electrophilic sulfur and Mg metal and polysulfide shuttling. The present work probes the role of 2-ethylhexylamine (EHA) in modifying the physiochemical properties of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), silicon dioxide (SiO2), and magnesium triflate (MgTIF). The introduction of EHA increases the conductivity to approximately 10−7 S/cm at room temperature, reduces the magnesium stripping/plating overpotential, and improves the interfacial electrode/electrolyte kinetics; further, the optimum concentration (y = 3000 μl) of PVST_yEHA shows a high ionic transference number $$({t}_{{mg}^{2+}}=0.88)$$

(

t

mg

2
+

=
0.88
)

(where PVST is an abbreviation for compound composed of (PVA, SiO2, MgTIF)), there is minimal overpotential over 100 h. Based on optimum concentration (y = 3000 μl), the Mg-S battery exhibits a high initial discharge-specific capacity in the first cycle up to 1837 mAhg−1, and over six cycles, it maintained a reversible capacity of 376 mAhg−1. The present article attempts to overcome some obstacles that prohibit the realization of Mg-S batteries.
Striving Towards National Lower-Risk Gambling Guidelines: An Empirical Investigation Among a Sample of Swedish Gamblers
Authors: Dowling Nicki A. , Wennberg Peter , Wall Håkan , Molander Olof 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSeveral countries, including Canada and Australia, have developed public health-based lower-risk gambling limits to differentiate lower-risk from higher-risk gambling. This study aimed to identify a preliminary set of lower-risk gambling limits (gambling frequency, duration, expenditure, expenditure as a proportion of personal net income, and diversity), and investigate if gambling types are linked to additional harms, in a Swedish context. The study involved secondary analyses of two online survey studies using the Gambling Disorder Identification Test (GDIT). Receiver operating curve analyses were conducted in relation to both + 1 and + 2 gambling-related harms in a sample of 705 past-year gamblers. Potential lower-risk limits ranges identified were: gambling frequency of “2–3 times a week” to “4 or more times a week” (8–16 times monthly); gambling duration of 6 to 15 h per month; gambling expenditure of 2,000 SEK (approximately $USD190) per month; gambling expenditure as a proportion of personal net income of 5%; and gambling diversity of only one problematic gambling type. Gambling on slots and sports betting were associated with gambling-related harms. The lower-risk limits in the current study were higher than in previous studies, which may be explained by the large proportion of support- or treatment-seeking gamblers with high rates of problem gambling and problematic online gambling in the study sample. An international consensus-based framework on gambling consumption is warranted, with lower-risk limits validated in future empirical studies using larger datasets collected from the Swedish general population.