bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant peptides generated from chicken feet protein hydrolysates
Authors: Ozturk‐Kerimoglu Burcu , Heres Alejandro , Mora Leticia , Toldrá Fidel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs major industrial poultry by‐products, chicken feet are considered as notable sources of several bioactive molecules. The current work covers the processing of chicken feet proteins as substrates to be hydrolysed by combinations of three commercial enzymes (Alcalase®, Flavourzyme® and Protana® Prime) during different hydrolysis periods and the evaluation of the identified peptides having antioxidant activity after simulated gastrointestinal digestion.ResultsEnzymatic hydrolysis with Alcalase® and Protana® Prime combination for 4 h resulted in the highest activities. Reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic separation of the purified hydrolysate yielded three active fractions that were further identified by nano‐liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The bioactivities of over 230 identified peptide sequences were estimated after simulated gastrointestinal digestion, and those peptides with the highest chance of exerting antioxidant activity were selected to be further synthesised and tested. In this sense, the synthesised dipeptides CF and GY showed the highest antioxidant capacity. CF presented IC50 values of 69.63 and 145.41 μmol L−1 in 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays, respectively. In contrast, GY IC50 values were 15.27 and 10.06 μmol L−1 in ABTS and ORAC assays, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were registered between peptides in the same antioxidant assays.ConclusionOverall, the findings emphasised the favourable impact of enzymatic hydrolysis with the obtaining of antioxidant peptides from poultry by‐products that could be evaluated as a safe and economical source to retard oxidation in food systems. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Gradient pseudo‐Ricci solitons of real hypersurfaces
Authors: Kon Mayuko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLet M be a real hypersurface of a complex space form , . Suppose that the structure vector field ξ of M is an eigen vector field of the Ricci tensor S, , β being a function. We study on M, a gradient pseudo‐Ricci soliton () that is an extended concept of gradient Ricci soliton, closely related to pseudo‐Einstein real hypersurfaces. When , we show that M is a Hopf hypersurface.
A glimpse of recent advances in the research of acute kidney injury
Authors: Dong Zheng , Liang Xinling 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a major renal disease that affects 13 million people and is associated with almost 1.7 million deaths each year around the world. Previously referred to as acute renal failure, AKI is defined not only by a rapid functional decline of the kidney but also by pathological damages in kidney tissue. This updated definition contributes to modern renal medicine in at least two ways. First, the definition of AKI includes an early, preventable and treatable stage of the disease, which implies an urgent need for sensitive biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment. Second, the AKI definition is proposed with clear criteria for diagnosis and severity grading, which are beneficial for clinical studies and the meta‐analysis of different datasets.
Technical note: Evaluation of the acoustic radiation force imaging for predicting HIFU focus with in vitro and ex vivo experiments
Authors: Feng Lian , Shi Xinwang , Zhou Fang , Chen Yanhua , Zhou Xiaowei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is currently used for the treatment of various diseases, but it still lacks a reliable technique in the preoperative stage to accurately place its “energy blade” onto diseased targets. Acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI) was recently introduced to tackle this issue, but its applicability and limitations were not clear.PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of ARFI method in prediction of HIFU focal location at the preoperative stage.MethodsA point spread function (PSF) localization method, which was borrowed from the ultrasound super resolution field, was used to validate the core autocorrelation‐based motion estimation algorithm in the ARFI procedure. Accuracy of the ARFI method for estimating the HIFU focus were tested with in vitro and ex vivo experiments with a clinically equivalent HIFU system. Comparisons were made between the estimated focal locations and those of the damaged area after the testing objects were cut open.ResultsResults showed that the PSF localization was able to serve as a validating method for motion detection only when the tissue displacement was large. With the ARFI method, location of the HIFU focus could be accurately predicted by a 2D motion map preoperatively, and the axial spatial errors were less than 0.5 mm. However, the derived 2D motion maps can only be valuable when the acoustic stimulation in ARFI were strong enough, which was probably due to the fact that the HIFU focal locations were at large depths and the ultrasound imaging signal had low signal to noise ratio.ConclusionThe ARFI method was indeed an accurate technique for preoperatively predicting HIFU focus in vitro and ex vivo. If clinical applications were to be considered, particularly in deep tissues, efforts might need to be made to improve ability of the ultrasound motion estimation technique.
Structural applications of the isotropic liquid‐phase deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPresent review is focused on recent experimental and computational advances of the liquid‐phase deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Nowadays, isotropic liquid‐phase 2H NMR became one of the most important instruments for the identification and certification of organic compounds of biological interest together with natural products and biosynthetic molecules. Of special interest are the 2H NMR biochemical and microbiological applications. This review consists of three main parts. The first part deals with the practical applications of 2H NMR to organic compounds of biological interest. The second part is connected with natural products and biosynthetic molecules, while the third part exemplifies and outlines 2H NMR advances in biochemistry and microbiology.
Fully bio‐based thermoset composites from UV curable prepregs: Vegetable oil acrylate impregnated hemp nanopaper
Authors: Platnieks Oskars , Briede Sabine , Grase Liga , Thakur Vijay Kumar , Gaidukovs Sergejs 
Published: June 2023

AbstractModern thermoset composite matrices are primarily prepared from petroleum‐based plastics, while reinforcements commonly consist of non‐renewable and energy‐demanding glass and carbon fibers. Herein, a non‐chemically treated hemp fiber‐reinforced composite was prepared from bio‐based components: hemp nanopaper (NP) and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) or acrylated rapeseed oil (ARO). A commercial‐grade AESO was selected as a reference and compared to ARO prepared in a one‐step synthesis. The impregnation process was examined in detail by studying the impact of surface wetting, temperature, and vacuum on the composite structure. ARO has excellent fiber surface wettability, showing initial contact angles between 46.5° and 48.2° on hemp NP. A more than 10‐fold difference in viscosity between AESO and ARO was observed. ARO composite with 50 wt% hemp loading achieved a Young's modulus of 1.3 GPa, a tensile strength of 26 MPa, and a storage modulus of 4.4 GPa (at 20°C). The results are supplemented by scanning electron microscope analysis of composite morphology via liquid nitrogen fracture and tensile failure analysis, that is, fractography. Dielectric spectroscopy analysis shows that composites have the potential to replace epoxy/paper composite insulators.
Validation of diagnosis codes for chorioamnionitis in medical encounter data, 2013–2018
Authors: Hall Clinton , Magallon Sandra M. , Snell Katherine J. , Romano Celeste J. , Bukowinski Anna T. , Gumbs Gia R. , Conlin Ava Marie S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeChorioamnionitis refers to intrauterine infection/inflammation that can be diagnosed clinically or from laboratory testing. This study aimed to validate chorioamnionitis International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes using reference standards for clinical and histologic cases.MethodsDepartment of Defense Birth and Infant Health Research program data identified a cohort of live deliveries at two United States military hospitals from 2013 to 2018. Deliveries were screened for chorioamnionitis using ICD codes from maternal delivery records; a sample of screen positive and negative deliveries was selected for chart review. Primary analyses validated deliveries using a reference standard for clinical chorioamnionitis; secondary analyses employed a reference standard that also included histologic cases, but were limited by temporal differences in availability of laboratory data. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsOverall, 1857 deliveries (465 screen positive, 1392 screen negative) were eligible for analysis and 336 met the reference standard for clinical chorioamnionitis, yielding a PPV of 0.68 (95% CI 0.63, 0.72) and sensitivity of 0.76 (95% CI 0.72, 0.81). In secondary analyses, 390 deliveries met the reference standard for clinical or histologic chorioamnionitis, resulting in an overall PPV of 0.75 (95% CI 0.71, 0.79); in 2018, when more laboratory results were available, the PPV was 0.91 (95% CI 0.84, 0.97). NPV and specificity were ≥0.97 across reference standards.ConclusionsChorioamnionitis ICD codes exhibited moderate correlation with clinical disease, suggesting challenges in using medical encounter data to isolate clinical cases from those only identified through laboratory testing.
Accuracy of administrative claims prescription fill data to estimate glucocorticoid use and dose in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Galvao Rachel W. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Harrold Leslie R. , Wu Qufei , Xie Fenglong , George Michael D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo assess accuracy of administrative claims prescription fill‐based estimates of glucocorticoid use and dose, and approximate bias from glucocorticoid exposure misclassification.MethodsWe identified adults with rheumatoid arthritis with linked Medicare and CorEvitas registry data. An algorithm identifying glucocorticoid use and average dose over 90 days from Medicare prescription fills was compared to physician‐reported measures from a CorEvitas visit during the same period, using weighted kappa to compare doses (none, ≤5 mg, 5–10 mg, >10 mg/day). A deterministic sensitivity analysis examined the effect of exposure misclassification on estimated glucocorticoid‐associated infection risk from a prior study.ResultsWe identified 621 observations among 494 patients. Prescription fills identified glucocorticoid use in 41.9% of observations versus 31.1% identified by CorEvitas physician‐report. For glucocorticoid use (yes/no), prescription fills had sensitivity 88.1% (95% CI 82.7–92.3), specificity 79.0% (74.8–82.7), PPV 65.4% (59.3–71.2), NPV 93.6% (90.6–95.9), and 81.8% agreement with CorEvitas, with kappa 0.61 (moderate to substantial agreement). There was 89.5% agreement between prescription fills and physician‐reported doses, with weighted kappa 0.56 (moderate agreement). Applying these results to a prior Medicare study evaluating glucocorticoid‐associated infection risk [risk ratio 1.44 (95% CI 1.41–1.48)] led to an externally adjusted risk ratio of 1.74 when accounting for exposure misclassification, representing −17% bias in infection risk estimate.ConclusionsThis study supports the use of claims data to estimate glucocorticoid use and dose, but investigators should account for exposure misclassification, which may lead to underestimates of glucocorticoid risks. Our results could be applied to adjust risk estimates in other studies that use prescription fills to estimate glucocorticoid use.
Switching patterns of immediate‐release forms of generic mixed amphetamine salts products among privately and publicly insured individuals aged 15–64 years in the United States, 2013–2019
Authors: Perez‐Vilar Silvia , Kempner Maria E. , Dutcher Sarah K. , Menzin Talia J. , Woods Corinne , Leishear Kira , Osterhout James , Adimadhyam Sruthi , Adereti Modupeola , Carruth Amanda , Hansbury Aaron , Sandhu Sukhminder K. , Lyons Jennifer G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeImmediate‐release forms of generic mixed amphetamine salts (MAS) have been the subject of passive surveillance reports signaling lack of effectiveness. We examined switching patterns that might suggest whether long‐term users of specific MAS are more likely to switch away or switch back after use of the MAS of interest in the FDA's Sentinel Distributed Database.MethodsWe required at least 60‐day continuous supply of selected MAS grouped by Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) to describe patterns of switching away from and to generics approved under the ANDAs of interest among individuals ages 15–64 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or narcolepsy during 2013–2019.ResultsWe observed the greatest number of treatment episodes for ANDA 040422 (n = 525 771), followed by ANDA 202424 (n = 181 693), ANDA 040439 (n = 62 363), ANDA 040440 (n = 21 143), and ANDA 040480 (n = 8792). Of those with switches away from their original ANDA, episodes initiated on generic products under ANDA 040422 (48.6%) and ANDA 202424 (43.0%) were most likely to switch back, while those initiated on generic product under ANDA 040480 were least likely (24.1%). Of those episodes with switches to a generic under an ANDA of interest, about one‐third (range 27.1% to 37.0%) switched back to the same product. These switches back had a median time to switch of about 30 days.ConclusionsThese descriptive analyses, although subject to limitations, did not suggest increased switching away or switching back after use of the generics of interest. Continued post‐marketing surveillance is warranted.
Epoxidized natural rubber‐graft‐acrylonitrile (ENR‐g‐ACN)‐based solid polymer electrolytes for energy storage application
Authors: Whba Rawdah , Su'ait Mohd Sukor , Ibrahim Salmiah , Ahmad Azizan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn situ UV‐initiated polymerization was performed to prepare solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on epoxidized natural rubber‐graft‐acrylonitrile (ENR‐g‐ACN) by employing lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) as a doping salt. A solid‐state lithium‐ion battery (SSLIB) was fabricated using ENR‐g‐ACN‐LiTFSI as an electrolyte and lithium metal and graphite as electrodes. The SSLIB's performance was evaluated to investigate the electrochemical stability window (ESW), redox behavior, voltage stabilization measurement and electrochemical capacitance response. The ESW of the SPE reached a reasonable value of 5.6 V (vs Li/Li+). The absence of redox peaks on the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve indicates that the cell behaved more like a capacitor than a battery. At an open‐circuit voltage of 2.78 V, the battery's performance also showed a low capacity due to parasitic (unwanted) reactions, electrolyte degradation or the battery's age. The performance of an electrical double‐layer capacitor (EDLC) was also analyzed by linear sweep voltammetry, CV and galvanostatic charge–discharge. The ESW of the SPE was obtained as 2.7 V. The specific capacitance of the EDLC was found to be 6 F g−1 at 0.005 mA cm−2 and 60 °C. The fabrication of affordable and secure SSLIBs and EDLCs with the use of rubber materials will be successful if this strategy is developed. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Implicit weight stigma and bullying perpetration in college students: The mediating role of explicit weight stigma and moral disengagement and the moderating role of empathy
Authors: Chen Hao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe current study aims to examine the mediational effects of explicit weight stigma and moral disengagement (MD) and moderating effects of empathy on the relationship between implicit weight stigma and bullying perpetration. Two hundred and twenty‐eight college students (112 men, mean age of 19.89 ± 1.82 years) completed implicit (the Single Category Implicit Association Test) and explicit (the development of the weight stigma scale) measures of weight stigma, and responded to questionnaires regarding MD, empathy, and bullying perpetration. Structural equation modeling was conducted and mediating effects were tested using AMOS 17.0 software. The results indicated that implicit weight stigma significantly predicted bullying perpetration. After controlling for gender, this association was jointly mediated by explicit weight stigma and MD. Furthermore, empathy moderated the relationship between implicit weight stigma and bullying perpetration. Specifically, college students who have high levels of implicit weight stigma and low levels of empathy would score higher on the bully questionnaire. These findings may provide a possible explanation for when and how implicit weight stigma relates to bullying perpetration.
Characterization of a transitionally occupied state and thermal unfolding of domain 1.1 of σA factor of RNA polymerase from Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Tužinčin Dávid , Padrta Petr , Šanderová Hana , Rabatinová Alžběta , Bendová Kateřina , Krásný Libor , Žídek Lukáš , Kadeřávek Pavel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract factors are essential parts of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) as they allow to recognize promotor sequences and initiate transcription. Domain 1.1 of vegetative factors occupies the primary channel of RNAP and also prevents binding of the factor to promoter DNA alone. Here, we show that domain 1.1 of Bacillus subtilis exists in more structurally distinct variants in dynamic equilibrium. The major conformation at room temperature is represented by a previously reported well‐folded structure solved by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), but 4% of the protein molecules are present in a less thermodynamically favorable state. We show that this population increases with temperature and we predict its significant elevation at higher but still biologically relevant temperatures. We characterized the minor state of the domain 1.1 using specialized methods of NMR. We found that, in contrast to the major state, the detected minor state is partially unfolded. Its propensity to form secondary structure elements is especially decreased for the first and third helices, while the second helix and strand close to the C‐terminus are more stable. We also analyzed thermal unfolding of the domain 1.1 and performed functional experiments with full length and its shortened version lacking domain 1.1 (). The results revealed that while full length increases transcription activity of RNAP with increasing temperature, transcription with remains constant. In summary, this study reveals conformational dynamics of domain 1.1 and provides a basis for studies of its interaction with RNAP and effects on transcription regulation.
The impact of the L'Aquila earthquake on demographic changes
Authors: Miccoli Sara , Reynaud Cecilia , Ambrosetti Elena , Licari Francesca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper analyses the consequences on demographic changes observed in the municipalities of Abruzzo region after the earthquake of L'Aquila in 2009. Relying on Italian National Institute of Statistics (Istat) data on the population in the municipalities, we aim to understand how population growth changed after the earthquake, analysing population dynamics both in the municipalities affected by the earthquake and in the other municipalities of the Abruzzo region. We apply a spatial regression model to understand the associations between population growth, the earthquake, and some demographic and economic variables, taking into account the spatial autocorrelation. Our findings confirm the importance of space and the close association of the population dynamics after the earthquake with the population age structure, both in the pre‐existing situation and in the subsequent dynamics. Population trends in the Abruzzo region were closely associated with the pre‐existing vulnerabilities. The effect of the earthquake was strong in the crater municipalities in the period immediately after the shock, while it petered out over time. A destructive earthquake implies a tremendous shock, however, in places that are already suffering from demographic, social, and economic fragility, pre‐existing factors can act equally or even more strongly on the population dynamics in the medium term. Hence, in the medium period, the characteristics of the population and socio‐economic context are stronger than in the short one, and also the effect that space and territorial contiguities have on these and other nonobservable variables is stronger than in the short period.
A case of Sjogren's syndrome evolving into multicentric reticulohistiocytosis
Authors: Gonzalez Daniel , Lu Vinh , Bonnet Madeline , Gietzen Rachelle , Linfante Anthony , Medina Enrique , Murthy Vijaya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionMulticentric reticulohistiocytosis (MRH) is a rare disease that is known to affect the skin and joints, primarily. It is considered a rare form of non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis (Group C) that can cause destructive inflammatory arthritis involving both the small and large joints. Cutaneous eruptions of periungual, “coral beads” and nodules appearing over the distal fingers are considered pathognomonic clues for identifying this disorder. Histology evaluation of the cutaneous papules typically shows infiltrative histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells. Although no well‐established therapies exist to date, a variety of immunosuppressants have been used with varying degrees of success.Case DescriptionA 53‐year‐old Caucasian female patient with a family history of rheumatoid arthritis and a personal history of Sjogren's syndrome presented to the rheumatology clinic complaining of pain in her bilateral hands and fingers. There were several small, papulo‐nodular lesions ranging from 1 to 2 mm in size noted at the base of her nails. A 4 mm punch biopsy of one of the papules from the neck showed dermal infiltration of eosinophilic mononucleated and multinucleated giant cells with “ground glass” appearing cytoplasm consistent with MRH. X‐ray of her hands showed periarticular demineralization and erosions surrounding several bilateral proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, and thus tofacitinib in addition to methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and dexamethasone (dosed weekly) was started to help control any further articular damage.ConclusionOur aim is to further support the relation of MRH with autoimmune diseases, including Sjogren's syndrome. Autoimmune diseases have been reported in association with MRH, although a clear association has yet to be made.