bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A sindrome de Simão Bacamarte como obstáculo para reprodução social do conhecimento tradicional indigena frente ao estado brasileiro
Authors: Carvaho Juliano Moreno Kersul de 
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo pretende enfrentar as tendências etnocidas do Estado brasileiro que geram obstáculos a reprodução social do conhecimento oral das comunidades tradicionais no brasil, a partir do desenvolvimento do conceito de Síndrome de Simão Bacamarte para identificar essa atitude estatal tornando-a verificável e visível, a partir da análise do processo n°0004747-33.2014.4.02.5101, que correu na 17° Vara –Justiça Federal –RJ do Ministério Público federal contra o Google pedindo a retirada de 17 vídeos da igreja universal de Deus que tratavam de forma preconceituosa as religiões de matriz africana em 2014.E a decisão de negar um interprete as testemunhas Kaiowas no processo da justiça federal de São Paulo- n° 2003.60.02.000374-2 que trata do homicídio de Marco Veron são exemplos de um ato estatal resultante da “síndrome de Simão Bacamarte” que se dá pela crença em valores próprios ao cientificismo do século XIX e que pode levar a atitudes etnocêntricas da administração pública gerando conflitos culturais e diminuição de acesso a cidadania.
Incidence and Severity of Acute Myocardial Injury after Thoracic Surgery: Effects of Nicorandil
Authors: Protasov K. V. , Barahtenko O. A. , Batunova E. V. , Rasputina E. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To study the perioperative dynamics of myocardial injury biomarkers high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and soluble ST2 (sST2) when taking nicorandil in lung cancer patients with concomitant coronary heart disease (CHD) undergoing surgical lung resection.Material and methods. The study included 54 patients (11 women and 43 men) with non-small cell lung cancer and concomitant stable CHD who underwent lung resection in the volume of lobectomy or pneumonectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to the nicorandil group (oral administration 10 mg BID for 7 days before and 3 days after surgery; n=27) and the control group (n=27). In the study groups, the perioperative dynamics of hscTnI, IMA and sST2, determined in the blood before and 24 and 48h after surgery, were compared. We calculated the incidence of acute myocardial injury in the groups, which was diagnosed in cases of postoperative hs-cTnI increase of more than one 99th percentile of the upper reference limit. The associations of nicorandil intake and acute myocardial injury were evaluated.Results. The groups were comparable in gender, age, basic clinical characteristics, as well as baseline levels of myocardial injury biomarkers. After the intervention, both samples showed an increase in the hs-cTnI and sST2 levels and a decrease in IMA concentration (all p<0.02 for related group differences). In the nicorandil group, in comparison with the control one, 48h after surgery, we found lower mean levels of hs-cTnI [16.7 (11.9;39.7) vs 44.3 (15.0;130.7) ng/l; p<0.05) and sST2 [62.8 (43.6;70.1) vs 76.5 (50.2;87.1) ng/ml; p<0.05), concentration increase rates of hs-cTnI [14.8 (0.7;42.2) vs 32.5 (14.0;125.0) ng/l; p<0.01) and sST2 [24.4 (10.3;42.4) vs 47.4 (17.5;65.3) ng/ml; p<0.05), as well as highest concentrations for the entire postoperative period of hs-cTnI [30.7 (12.0;53.7) vs 79.0 (20.3;203.3) ng/L, p<0.01] and sST2 [99.8 (73.6;162.5) vs 147.8 (87.8;207.7) ng/mL; p<0.05]. The serum IMA decreased when taking nicorandil to a greater extent [-8.0 (-12.6; -2.0) vs -2.7 (-6.0; +5.5) ng/ ml; p<0.01] 24h after surgery. Acute myocardial injury was diagnosed in 7 people in the nicorandil group (25.9%) and in 15 in the control one (55.6%; pχ2=0.027). The adjusted odds ratio of acute myocardial injury when taking nicorandil was 0.35 (95% confidence interval 0.15-0.83, p=0.017).Conclusion. Taking nicorandil in patients with lung cancer and concomitant CHD who underwent surgical lung resection is associated with a lower postoperative increase in hs-cTnI and sST2 and a reduced risk of acute myocardial injury, which may indicate the cardioprotective effect of nicorandil under acute surgical stress conditions.
Loopholes for Underage Access in E-Cigarette Delivery Sales Laws, United States, 2022
Authors: Azagba Sunday , Ebling Todd , Adekeye Olayemi Timothy , Hall Mark , Jensen Jessica King 
Published: March 2023

Objectives. To comprehensively catalog and review state e-cigarette delivery sales laws as well as capture their scope and dimensions. Methods. We conducted an in-depth review to determine whether states had at least 1 form of e-cigarette delivery sales law. We coded laws for 5 key policy domains: (1) delivery terminology used in laws, (2) age verification requirements, (3) packaging label requirements, (4) permit or registration requirements, and (5) fines and penalties for violations. Results. Overall, 34 states had e-cigarette delivery sales laws with varying scopes and dimensions. In 27 states, these laws required at least 1 form of age verification requirements. We identified mandatory packaging labels in 12 states, and 7 states where permits were required. There were considerable differences among states on the scale of fines and penalties for violations. Conclusions. Our findings reveal extensive heterogeneity in e-cigarette delivery sales laws among states, particularly regarding the scope and dimensions of these laws. Public Health Implications. The mapping of e-cigarette delivery sales policies showed several potential loopholes that may diminish their effectiveness. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(5):568–576. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307228 )
Uptake, Translocation and Metabolization of Tramadol, Amitriptyline, Orphenadrine and Lidocaine by Garden Cress, Pea and Water Hyacinth
Authors: Detzlhofer Anna , Gerchhamer Christian , Madikizela Lawrence , Himmelsbach Markus , Mlynek Franz , Buchberger Wolfgang , Klampfl Christian W. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the present work water hyacinth plants (Eichhornia crassipes) collected from two South African rivers were analyzed with respect to the presence of pharmaceuticals and their major metabolites. Thereby a number of drugs including amitriptyline, orphenadrine, lidocaine, and tramadol could be detected. Particularly for the latter substance relatively high concentrations (more than 5000 ng g− 1 dry plant material) were detected in the water plants. Subsequently the uptake, translocation and metabolization of these four substances was investigated in a laboratory study employing plant garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and pea (Pisum sativum). These model plants were grown hydroponically using a growing medium containing the selected pharmaceuticals at concentrations ranging from 10 µg L− 1 -10 mg L− 1. Time-resolved uptake studies revealed that all four pharmaceuticals were taken up by the roots and further relocated to plant stem and leaves. Investigations on the metabolization of the parent drugs within the plant led to the detection of a series of (mainly) phase I metabolites.
The Nuclear Equation of State from Experiments and Astrophysical Observations
Authors: Tsang Chun Yuen , Tsang ManYee Betty , Lynch William , Kumar Rohit , Horowitz Charles 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With recent advances in astronomical observations, major progress has been made in determining the pressure of neutron star matter at high density. This pressure is constrained by the neutron star deformability, determined from gravitational waves emitted in a neutron-star merger, and the mass-radii relation of two neutron stars, determined from a new X-ray observatory on the International Space Station. Previous studies have relied on nuclear theory calculations to constrain the equation of state at low density. Here we use a combination of constraints composed of three astronomical observations and twelve nuclear experimental constraints that extend over a wide range of densities. A Bayesian inference framework is then used to obtain a comprehensive nuclear equation of state. This data-centric result provides benchmarks for theoretical calculations and modeling of nuclear matter and neutron stars. Furthermore, it provides insights into the microscopic degrees of freedom of the nuclear matter equation of state and on the composition of neutron stars and their cooling via neutrino radiation.
Research on the Impact of Air Pollution on the Cost of Living of Residents
Authors: Wu Xuepin , Ma Yongjun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

To explore the impact of air pollution on residents' cost of living, this study selected balanced panel data from 161 prefecture-level cities for 2010–2020 and conducted a related study using fixed effects, 2SLS, and threshold models. The study found that, firstly, air pollution significantly raises the cost of living and has a short-term cumulative effect on the cost of living, i.e., the impression of past air pollution continues to affect residents' current cost of living. Secondly, air pollution itself and the level of the digital economy will make a threshold effect of air pollution on residents' cost of living, i.e., the higher the level of air pollution, the higher the cost of living of residents. However, as cities develop a higher level of the digital economy, the effect of air pollution on residents' cost of living will diminish. This reflects that cities with high levels of air pollution cause an increase in the cost of living for residents. However, the digital economy improves urban air quality by promoting industrial upgrading, technological innovation, and optimal resource allocation, thereby reducing the additional costs incurred by residents in dealing with air pollution. This study also reveals the intrinsic link between air pollution and the cost of living for residents, which has implications for cities coping with air pollution.
Both tectonic activity and CO2 variability affect temperature gradients in the Cretaceous
Authors: Gianchandani Kaushal , Maor Sagi , Adam Ori , Farnsworth Alexander , Gildor Hezi , Lunt Daniel , Paldor Nathan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Cretaceous ‘greenhouse’ period (~145 to ~65 million years ago, Ma) in Earth’s history is relatively well documented by multiple paleo proxy records, which indicate that the meridional sea surface temperature (SST) gradient increased (non-monotonically) from the Valanginian (~135 Ma) to the Maastrichtian (~68 Ma). Changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration, solar constant, and paleogeography are the primary drivers of variations in the spatiotemporal distribution of SST, which plays a key role in the evolution of the rich biodiversity that persisted during the Cretaceous. However, the particular contribution of each of these drivers (and their underlying mechanisms) to changes in the SST distribution remains poorly understood. Here we use data from a suite of paleoclimate simulations to show that atmospheric CO2 fluctuations and paleogeographic changes have a comparable effect on mid-latitudinal SST gradient through the Cretaceous. Further, we use a fundamental model of wind-driven ocean gyres to quantify how changes in the northern hemisphere paleogeography drive a reduction in the meridional oceanic heat transport, leading to an increase in extratropical SSTs. This reduction in heat transport results from a weakening of the subtropical ocean gyres, caused by a decrease in the ratio of meridional to zonal extent of the ‘gyral basin’.
Timely expression of PGAM5 and its cleavage control mitochondrial homeostasis during neurite re-growth after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Liang Min-Zong , Lu Ting-Hsuan , Chen Linyi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background:
Patients suffered from severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have twice the risk of developing into neurodegenerative diseases later in their life. Thus, early intervention is needed not only to treat TBI but also to reduce neurodegenerative diseases in the future. Physiological functions of neurons highly depend on mitochondria. Thus, when mitochondrial integrity is compromised by injury, neurons would initiate a cascade of events to maintain homeostasis of mitochondria. However, what protein senses mitochondrial dysfunction and how mitochondrial homeostasis is maintained during regeneration remains unclear.
Results:
We found that TBI-increased transcription of a mitochondrial protein, phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5), during acute phase was via topological remodeling of a novel enhancer-promoter interaction. This up-regulated PGAM5 correlated with mitophagy, whereas presenilins-associated rhomboid-like protein (PARL)-dependent PGAM5 cleavage at a later stage of TBI enhanced mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) expression and mitochondrial mass. To test whether PGAM5 cleavage and TFAM expression were sufficient for functional recovery, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP) was used to uncouple electron transport chain and reduce mitochondrial function. As a result, FCCP triggered PGAM5 cleavage, TFAM expression and recovery of motor function deficits of CCI mice.
Conclusions:
Findings from this study implicate that PGAM5 may serve as a mitochondrial sensor for brain injury to activate its own transcription at acute phase, serving to remove damaged mitochondria through mitophagy. Subsequently, PGAM5 is cleaved by PARL, TFAM expression is increased for mitochondrial biogenesis at a later stage after TBI. Taken together, this study concludes that timely regulation of PGAM5 expression and its own cleavage are required for neurite re-growth and functional recovery.
Evaluation of the transmissibility of norovirus and the effectiveness of prevention and control measures for school in Jiangsu Province
Authors: Wang Jing , Rui Jia , Zhu Yuanzhao , Guo Xiaohao , Abudunaibi Buasiyamu , Zhao Benhua , Su Yanhua , Chen Tianmu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective：This study aims to estimate the transmissibility of norovirus outbreaks in schools by different transmission routes, evaluate the prevention and control effects of quarantine, school-closure and disinfection measures under different intervention intensities, and finally propose scientific and effective prevention and control suggestions.
Method: We selected 23 outbreaks of norovirus infectious diarrhea in Jiangsu Province’s school from 2012-2018, a SEIAQRW model was established, the effective reproduction number (Reff) was used to assess the transmissibility of the outbreaks, the total attack rate (TAR) and peak incidence (PI) were calculated to evaluate the prevention and control effects of different intervention measures.
Results: The reproduction number of norovirus outbreaks in human-to-human route was 8.92 and in water or food-to-human route was 2.19, without intervention. When quarantine was implemented, the effect of reducing the total attack rate was average and the effect of reducing the peak incidence was better; When it took measures of school-closure or disinfection, the scale of the norovirus outbreaks decreased gradually as the intensity of intervention increased, and when the school-closure intensity or disinfection intensity reaches 90% or more, the total attack rate and the peak incidence reduced significantly.
Conclusion: Norovirus outbreaks are highly transmissible from human to human in schools. When a norovirus outbreak occurs, quarantine need to be supplemented with other interventions, and the implementation of high-intensity school-closure or disinfection of the external environment could effectively reduce the spread of the virus.
Tumor attached to major intrahepatic vascular for colorectal liver metastases after preoperative chemotherapy
Authors: Liu Wei , Cui Yong , Wu Xiao-Gang , Chen Feng-Lin , Wang Kun , Sun Ying-Shi , Xing Bao-Cai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Colorectal liver metastases attached major intrahepatic vessels has been considered to be risk factor for survival outcome after liver resection. The present study aimed to clarify the outcomes of R1 surgery (margin<1mm) in CRLM patients, distinguishing parenchymal margin R1 and attached to major intrahepatic vessels R1.
Methods: In the present study, 283 CRLM patients who evaluated to be attached to major intrahepatic vessels initially, underwent liver resection following preoperative chemotherapy. They were assigned to one of the following groups: R0 (n=167), R1 parenchymal (n=58) and R1 vascular (n=58). We analyzed the survival outcomes and local recurrence rates in each group.
Results: Overall, 3- and 5-year OS rates after liver resection were 53.0% and 38.2% (median OS 37 months). Five-year OS was higher in patients with R0 than R1p (44.9%% vs. 26.3%, p=0.009), whereas there was no significant difference from patients with R1v (34.3%, p=0.752). In the multivariable analysis, preoperative chemotherapy>4 cycles, CRS 3-5, RAS mutation, R1p and CA199>100IU/ml were identified as independent predictive factors of OS (p<0.05). There was no significant difference for local recurrence among three groups.
Conclusion: R1 parenchymal resection was independent risk factor for CRLM. R1 vascular surgery achieves outcomes equivalent to R0 resection. Non-anatomic liver resection for CRLM attached to intrahepatic vessels can be pursued to increase patient resectability by preoperative chemotherapy.
Long-term outcome of definitive radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world single-center study
Authors: Zhu Hong , Xu Yi , Gao Huiquan , Fan Xingwen , Fan Ming , Zhao Kuaile , Yang Huanjun , Zhu Zhengfei , Wu Kailiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease with poor long-term survival. This study examined overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), treatment effectiveness, and toxicity in patients with locally advanced NSCLC treated with definitive radiotherapy.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of demographic information, clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes of 789 patients with locally advanced NSCLC who underwent radical radiotherapy at our center between January 2005 and December 2015 was performed. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used for survival comparisons, and Cox regression was used for multivariate analysis.
Results
There were 328 patients with stage IIIA disease and 461 with stage IIIB disease. By the last follow-up, there were 365 overall deaths and 576 cases of recurrence, metastasis, or death. The median survival time was 31 months. The OS rates at 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10 years were 83.7%, 59.5%, 28.8%, and 18.9%, respectively. PFS rates at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years were 48%, 24.5%, 11.9%, and 5.5%, respectively. Rates of ≥ grade 3 acute radiation pneumonitis or esophagitis were 7.6% and 1.9%, respectively. Rates of ≥ grade 3 chronic radiation pneumonitis and esophagitis were 11% and 0.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score, smoking status, and combined chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for OS (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that combined chemotherapy and radiation dose were independent prognostic factors for PFS (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Patients with stage III NSCLC treated with definitive radiotherapy had a median survival time of 31 months and a two-year OS rate of 59.5%. Patients with a KPS score of 80 or higher, who had never smoked, or underwent combination treatment had a considerably longer OS.
Protective Effect of Bacteroides fragilis on TNF-α- Induced Inflammatory Changes in Human Colon Epithelial Cells and in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Mouse Model
Authors: He Qiuyue , Niu Min , Bi Jiandie , Du Na , Liu Shumin , Yang Kai , Li Huanqin , Yao Jin , Du Yan , Duan Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Bacteroides fragilis, one of the potential next-generation probiotics, but its protective mechanism is not yet known. We aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory effect of B. fragilis and to elucidate its mechanism through in vivo and in vitro experiments. An in vitro model of inflammation by induction of colonic cells with TNF-a, and co-cultured with B. fragilis to detect cell viability, apoptosis and invasive capacity. Furthermore, critical proteins of the TLR/NF-κB pathway and the inflammatory cytokines were measured. For animal trials, C57BL/6J male mice were orally administered B. fragilis or PBS once daily for 21 days. Colitis was induced by drinking 2.5% DSS from days 0 to 7. The mice were weighed daily and rectal bleeding, stool condition and blood in the stool were recorded. We found that B. fragilis treatment alone was harmless and had no effect on cell viability or apoptosis. While predictably TNF-α decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis, B. fragilis attenuated this deterioration. The NF-κB pathway and inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β activated by TNF-α were also blocked by B. fragilis, which was likely mediated by TLR2. Animal studies showed that B. fragilis ameliorated DSS-induced colitis, as evidenced by weight loss, shortened colon length and enhanced barrier function. The colonic tissue levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL1β, IL6) were decreased and IL-10 was increased as a result of B. fragilisadministration. In conclusion, B. fragilisexhibited anti-inflammatory effects whether in vivo or in vitro, and it may be a potential probiotic agent for improving colitis.
Distribution Discrepancies Between Male and Female Physicians in Urban and Rural Japan: A Twenty-Year Longitudinal Study from 1994 to 2014
Authors: Kimura Kazuki , Inoue Kazuo , Ando Takahito , Ito Masanori 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The Japanese medical education system produces 9,000 graduates per year, but the government still struggles with a shortage of physicians in rural areas, despite the implementation of several strategies. Our study examines this problem in detail during the period 1994–2014, comparing data on gender, years of medical experience, and demographic and geographic factors.
Methods
We analyzed the Physician Census from 1994, 2004, and 2014, examining data on physicians’ gender and the number of years since licensure. To correct the impact of municipal mergers, the analysis was aligned with the number of municipalities in 2014 (1741). We examined data from each physician (gender and years of medical experience) and analyzed the demographic and geographic distribution trend using Spearman correlation coefficients. We then used the Gini coefficient to evaluate the distribution change of physicians based on gender and years of experience.
Results
The number of physicians increased 1.29-fold over the 20-year observation period (1.23-fold for male physicians and 2.17-fold for female physicians), and the percentage of female physicians increased from 13.4–20.4%. The top one-third of the most populous municipalities were served by 79.4% of the physicians, and 87.7% of all physicians work in the top 1/3 municipalities in terms of population in 2014. The number of female physicians was higher at 91.8% compared to 86.8% for male physicians. The Spearman correlation coefficient examining the relationship between “ratio of physicians to total population” and “distance from prefectural capital” was 0.194–0.222–0.270. The Gini coefficient for all physicians was 0.315–0.298–0.298 (male physicians: 0.311–0.289–0.283, female physicians: 0.394–0.385–0.395). The Gini coefficients were lower for veteran physicians of both sexes than for younger physicians. The Gini coefficients for female compared to male physicians were higher in all age groups, showing that females had a denser population in urban areas.
Conclusion
The distribution of female physicians was lower in rural areas compared to their male counterparts. An improvement in policies to improve work–life balance for female physicians might encourage them to move to rural areas and alleviate the chronic shortage of medical care in these locations.