bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
We Were Meant to be: Do Implicit Theories of Relationships and Perceived Partner Fit Help Explain Post‐Relationship Contact and Tracking Behaviors Following a Breakup?
Authors: Thompson Ashley E. , Gooch Katie , Willhite Rachel M. , O'Sullivan Lucia F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThose experiencing relationship termination often report using efforts to contact and/or track their ex‐partner, frequently with the intent of re‐establishing connection. Implicit beliefs about relationships as being predestined (destiny beliefs) or requiring cultivation for success (growth beliefs) appear to be linked to concepts of partner fit and attempts to re‐establish connection. Combining findings across four studies, this mixed‐methods research explored how beliefs about relationships and perceptions of partner fit were linked to post‐relationship contact and tracking (PRCT). Study 1 demonstrated that stronger endorsement of destiny (but not growth) beliefs was linked to recall of higher levels of PRCT. Study 2 replicated these findings and indicated that partner fit moderated the link between destiny beliefs and PRCT. Using an experimental design, Studies 3 and 4 showed it was possible to manipulate anticipated use of PRCT, particularly destiny beliefs. This work adds information to our understanding of how relationship beliefs impact adjustment following relationship loss, with implications for those supporting individuals in distress and highlighting the possibility of altering destiny beliefs to improve adjustment.
Stimulate to Remember? The Effects of Short Burst of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) on Memory Performance and Pupil Dilation
Authors: Ludwig Mareike , Betts Matthew J. , Hämmerer Dorothea 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe decline in noradrenergic (NE) locus coeruleus (LC) function in aging is thought to be implicated in episodic memory decline. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), which supports LC function, might serve to preserve or improve memory function in aging. However, taVNS effects are generally very heterogeneous, and it is currently unclear whether taVNS has an effect on memory. In this study, an emotional memory task with negative events involving the LC‐NE system was combined with the short burst of event‐related taVNS (3 s) in younger adults (N = 24). The aim was to investigate taVNS‐induced changes in pupil dilation during encoding and possible taVNS‐induced improvements in (emotional) memory performance for early and delayed (24 h) recognition. Negative events were associated with increased pupil dilation and better memory performance. Additionally, real as compared to sham or no stimulation selectively increased memory for negative events. Short bursts of stimulation, whether real or sham, led to an increase in pupil dilation and an improvement in memory performance over time, likely due to the attention‐inducing sensory modulation of electrical stimulation.
Single‐Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Reveals Exercise‐Induced Transcriptional Dynamics in Half‐Marathon Runners
Authors: Veschetti Laura , Patuzzo Cristina , Treccani Mirko , Moron Dalla Tor Lucas , Deiana Michela , Cheri Samuele , Griggio Francesca , Lippi Giuseppe , Schena Federico , De Santis Daniele , Dalle Carbonare Luca , Tarperi Cantor , Trabetti Elisabetta , Valenti Maria Teresa , Malerba Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious studies in sports science suggested that regular exercise has a positive impact on human health. However, the effects of endurance sports and their underlying mechanisms are still not completely understood. One of the main debates regards the modulation of immune dynamics in high‐intensity exercise. As part of the “Run 4 Science” project in Verona, Italy, we conducted a single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis on half‐marathon amateur runners to investigate the transcriptional dynamics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells following endurance exercise. Blood samples were collected from four participants before and after running a half‐marathon to carry out a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of immune cells at the single‐cell level. Our analysis revealed significant alterations in the transcriptional profiles following endurance physical exercise. Modulations in myeloid cells suggested the activation of stress response (6 related pathways, p < 0.04) and pathways related to viral processes (4 related pathways, p < 0.03), while in lymphoid cells they hinted to a shift towards immune activation (24 related pathways, p < 0.01). Additionally, transcriptional changes in platelets point to an activation of the coagulation process (5 related pathways, p < 0.005). Single‐cell data was also analyzed following a pseudo‐bulk approach (i.e., simulating a bulk RNAseq experiment) to gain further biological insights. Our findings suggest that a pseudo‐bulk analysis could offer complementary findings to classical single‐cell analysis methods and demonstrate that endurance physical exercise, such as running a half‐marathon, induces substantial changes in the transcriptional dynamics of immune cells. These insights contribute to a better understanding of the immune modulation mediated by endurance exercise and may inform future training routines or nutritional guidelines based on individual gene expression levels.
Longitudinal cardiac imaging for assessment of myocardial injury in non-hospitalised community-dwelling individuals after COVID-19 infection: the Rotterdam Study
Authors: van den Heuvel Frederik , Aribas Elif , Tilly Martijn J , Geurts Sven , Yang Shuyue , Lu Zuolin , de Groot Natasja M S , van den Bosch Annemien E , Eijsvogels Thijs M H , Peeters Robin , Rutten Frans , Geersing Geert-Jan , van Rosmalen Joost , Ikram M Arfan , Nijveldt Robin , Hirsch Alexander , Kavousi Maryam 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the presence of myocardial injury after COVID-19 infection and to evaluate the relation between persistent cardiac symptoms after COVID-19 and myocardial function in participants with known cardiovascular health status before infection.MethodsIn the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study cohort, echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) were performed among participants who recovered from COVID-19 at home within 2 years prior to inclusion in the current study. Persistent cardiac symptoms comprised only self-reported symptoms of chest pain, dyspnoea or palpitations lasting >4 weeks after COVID-19 infection. We used linear regression and linear mixed models to estimate and test age-adjusted and sex-adjusted mean differences (95% CIs) of (1) post-COVID-19 CMR-derived and echocardiographic-derived parameters among participants with and without persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms and (2) pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 echocardiographic assessments.Results92 participants were included, with a mean age of 59±8 years of whom 52% were male. Normal post-COVID-19 CMR-derived left ventricular (LV) function and right ventricular ejection fraction were observed in 92% and 98% of participants, respectively. We observed normal native T1 relaxation times in 100%, normal extracellular volume in 98% and normal T2 relaxation times in 98% of the participants. Comparison of pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 echocardiography revealed a significant but small decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (adjusted mean change −1.37% (95% CI −2.57%, –0.17%)) and global longitudinal strain (1.32% (95% CI 0.50%, 2.15%)). Comparing participants with and without persistent symptoms, there were no significant differences in adjusted CMR-derived ventricular volumes, LV function or presence of myocardial injury.ConclusionsAlmost all recovered non-hospitalised COVID-19 participants had normal CMR-derived ventricular volumes and function, without relevant myocardial injury.
Association of weight change with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in obese participants with cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Jufen , Schutte Rudolph , Pierscionek Barbara 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundStudies have examined the association between weight change and risk of cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in the general population. However, very few literature reported the association among obese people with established CV disease (CVD) and the factors associated with weight change are not clear. We sought to investigate this using the UK Biobank data.MethodsIn this large prospective population-based cohort study, absolute interval change scores in weight were calculated between weight measurements at baseline and the follow-up. The estimated HRs with 95% CIs were obtained from the Cox regression models to assess the association between weight change and the risk of CV death, cerebrovascular and ischaemic heart diseases and all-cause mortality.ResultsOf the 8297 obese participants who had CVD with repeated weight measurements, 43.1% were female. The mean age was 56.6 (SD: 7.2) years. The overall median follow-up of the study was 13.9 (IQR: 13.1–14.6) years. 52.7% of the participants had stable weight change (weight loss or gain<5 kg), 14.2% had large weight loss (≥10 kg) and 5.1% had large weight gain (≥10 kg). Compared with stable weight, only large weight gain was associated with an increased risk of CV death and all-cause mortality (fully adjusted HR (95% CI): 3.05 (1.40 to 6.67) for CV death and 1.93 (1.15 to 3.26) for all-cause mortality).ConclusionsAmong obese individuals with CVD, large weight gain is associated with a higher risk of CV death and all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to understand the exact mechanisms underlying the associations between weight loss or weight gain and mortality.
Age-specific prognosis of acute and steady minor elevations in cardiac troponin among non-acute myocardial infarction inpatients: a large real-world cohort study
Authors: Sun Pengfei , Liu Wen-Nan , Qian Xilong , Zhang Zhiqiang , Liu Hangkuan , A Geru , Liu Yuanyuan , Fonarow Gregg , Foo Roger Sik-Yin , Chan Mark Yan-Yee , Wang Lu , Li Yongle , Yang Qing , Zhou Xin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe upper reference limit of normal (ULN) of cardiac troponin (cTn) for older adults can be higher than for young adults, while the same ULN is used for both older and young adults in the current clinical practice.MethodsIn this multicentre longitudinal cohort study, non-acute myocardial infarction (non-AMI) inpatients with at least two cTn concentrations hospitalised between 2013 and 2022 in the Tianjin Health and Medical Data Platform were included. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards and landmark regression models were used to estimate the risk of in-hospital, 30-day and 1-year mortality in different cTn groups (normal, stable minor elevation (1–2×ULN with variation ≤20%), acute minor elevation (1–2×ULN with variation >20%) and apparent elevation (>2×ULN)).ResultsA total of 57 117 patients (mean age, 69.6 (13.6) years; 25 037 (43.8%) female) were included. Even minor elevation in cTn was associated with higher mortality risk. Compared with the normal cTn group, the adjusted HRs of in-hospital mortality for patients with steady minor elevation, acute minor elevation and >2× ULN in cTn were 1.70 (95% CI 1.25 to 2.33), 1.92 (95% CI 1.59 to 2.32) and 4.03 (95% CI 3.50 to 4.65), respectively. Similar trends were found for all-cause 30-day and 30-day to 1-year mortality. Among older adults, compared with the steady minor elevation group, patients with acute minor elevation in cTn had higher 30-day mortality risk (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.65) but similar 30-day to 1-year mortality risk (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.10), while among non-older adults, differences in short-term and 1-year mortality risks between the two groups were not statistically significant (p>0.05).ConclusionsIn non-AMI inpatients, including older adults, any stable or acute elevation in cTn, even minor, warrants attention. Further studies are needed to assess whether these patients can benefit from more aggressive treatment approaches.
Explanatory capacity of measures of community context for paediatric injury hospitalisations in the USA
Authors: Puls Henry T , Noelke Clemens , Jeffries Kristyn N , Lindberg Daniel M , Austin Anna E , Chaiyachati Barbara H , Hall Matthew 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveCommunity context influences children’s risk for injury. We aimed to measure the explanatory capacity of two ZIP code-level measures—the Child Opportunity Index V.3.0 (COI) and median household income (MHHI)—for rates of paediatric injury hospitalisations.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional population-based study of children living in 19 US states in 2017. We examined injury hospitalisation rates for three categories: physical abuse among children <5 years, injuries suspicious for abuse among infants <12 months and unintentional injuries among children <18 years. Hospitalisation counts were obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project and population data from the US Census. The COI is a multidimensional measure of communities’ education, health and environment and social and economic characteristics. We used pseudo R2values from Poisson regression models to describe the per cent of variance in rates of each injury category explained by the COI and MHHI.ResultsThe COI explained 75.4% of the variability in rates of physical abuse, representing a 13.5% improvement over MHHI. The COI explained 58.5% of the variability in injuries suspicious for abuse, a 20.7% improvement over MHHI. The COI and MHHI explained 85.7% and 85.8% of the variability in unintentional injuries, respectively; results differed when unintentional injuries were stratified by mechanism and age.ImplicationsThe COI had superior explanatory capacity for physical abuse and injuries suspicious for abuse compared with MHHI and was similar for unintentional injury hospitalisations. COI represents a means of accounting for community advantage in paediatric injury data, research and prevention.
Changes in leaf functional traits of Phoebe chekiangensis underplanted in moso bamboo forests with different densities
Authors: Ni Huijing , Yang Zhenya , Zhao Jiancheng 
Published: January 2025

Leaf functional traits are sensitive to environmental changes and are a current hotspot in ecology. The objective of this study was to explore the changes in leaf functional traits of Phoebe chekiangensis underplanted in moso bamboo forests with different densities. Leaf functional traits of P. chekiangensis were determined, and their relationships were investigated. Results showed that leaf area (LA) and specific leaf area (SLA) increased with the increase of bamboo forest density, and they were significantly lower at 1350 individual·ha−1 than that of 2250 individual·ha−1. However, leaf thickness (LT) and leaf mass per unit area (LMA) showed an opposite trend, and they were significantly higher at 1350 individual·ha−1 than that of 2250 individual·ha−1. No significant difference was found in chlorophyll a (Ca), chlorophyll b (Cb), total chlorophyll (Ca + Cb), and total carotenoids (Car) among the three treatments. Ca/Cb showed a decreasing trend, and it was significantly higher at 1350 individual·ha−1 than that of 2250 individual·ha−1. Leaf nitrogen (N) concentration increased with the increase of bamboo forest density, and it was significantly higher at 2250 individual·ha−1 than that of 1350 individual·ha−1. C/N decreased, and it was significantly higher at 1350 individual·ha−1 than that of 2250 individual·ha−1. LT was positively correlated with LMA, and negatively correlated with SLA. N concentration was positively correlated with SLA, and negatively correlated with LMA. Significant positive correlation between Ca + Cb and C concentration was observed. In conclusion, the leaf functional traits of P. chekiangensis could compensate for light deficiency through certain trait variations and combinations and better adapt to the environment.
Motor-manual release changes carbon distribution in soil and tree biomass pools in the short term
Authors: Darquié Léa , Poirier Vincent , DesRochers Annie 
Published: January 2025

Despite offering multiple ecosystem services, such as their ability to sequester carbon (C), regenerating mixedwood boreal forests are often only managed to increase their coniferous part by controlling their competition, impacting the ecosystem C stocks. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term effect of motor-manual release treatments of variable intensities: broadcast brushing (brushing), release from below (RFB), and crop tree release on carbon stocks in soil (SOC) and live biomass (aboveground and root C stocks). The stands treated by brushing had twice as much SOC stocks than in the other stands, at the 5–10 cm depth. RFB treatment kept the largest aspen stems in the stands and retained enough total live biomass to compensate for the initial loss. Despite being similar in intensity, stands treated with RFB had more than twice the amount of live biomass than stands treated by brushing. Overall, total C stocks (SOC and live biomass) did not change between the stands but the distribution among the different C pools did, with the live biomass being the most impacted by the treatments. The design of the RFB treatment seemed promising to mitigate C loss during early forest operations while still controlling fast-growing competitors.
Distinct Molecular and Clinical Features of Specific Variants of KRAS Codon 12 in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ardalan Bach , Ciner Aaron , Baca Yasmine , Hinton Andrew , Darabi Sourat , Kasi Anup , Lou Emil , Azqueta Jose Ignacio , Xiu Joanne , Datta Jashodeep , Shields Anthony F. , Aguirre Andrew , Singh Harshabad , Shroff Rachna T. , Pishvaian Michael J. , Goel Sanjay 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
Oncogenic mutations in KRAS have been identified in &gt;85% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases, with G12D, G12V, and G12R being the most frequent variants. Using large clinical and genomic databases, this study characterizes prognostic and molecular differences between KRAS variants, focusing on KRASG12D and KRASG12R.

Experimental Design:
PDAC samples were tested using DNA and RNA sequencing. The MAPK activation score and tumor microenvironment were analyzed from RNA expression data. Real-world overall survival (OS) obtained from insurance claims data was calculated from tissue collection to last contact. Significance was determined by χ2 and Fisher exact tests.

Results:
A total of 3,755 patients with PDAC harboring KRASG12D (n = 1,766), KRASG12V (n = 1,294), KRASG12R (n = 621), or KRASG12C (n = 74) variants were identified. Patients with G12R mutations had longer OS compared with those with G12D overall (12.7 vs. 10.1 months; P value = 0.0001), with similar trends in patients treated with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (13.5 vs. 10.4 months; P value = 0.0002) or FOLFIRINOX (18.3 vs. 14.0 months; P value&lt;0.001). ARID1A and KMT2D mutations were more frequent in the G12D subgroup. Several genes involved in glucose and glutamine metabolism were less expressed in G12R compared with G12D. PD-L1 expression was lower in G12R compared with G12D (13% vs. 19%).

Conclusions:
KRAS G12D tumors exhibited a distinct molecular profile compared with G12R tumors, including genes involved in the MAPK pathway, immune activation, and glucose and glutamine metabolism. Patients with G12D mutations had lower OS compared with those with G12R. Based on these data, future studies should address the KRAS mutation status and explore distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Increased Plasma Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PK‐M2) in Heart Failure: A Novel Biomarker Related to Cardiac Function and its Clinical Implications
Authors: Cao Lu , Dong Xiaoyu , Chen Fuzhong , Li Guangjuan , Fang Jiale , Han Zhijun , Wang Junhong 
Published: January 2025

Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether circulating pyruvate kinase M2 (PK‐M2) levels are elevated in the peripheral blood and to assess their association with diagnosis and prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods and Results

We conducted a prospective investigation involving 222 patients with HF and 103 control subjects, measuring PK‐M2 concentrations using ELISA. The primary outcome, assessed over a median follow‐up of 2 years (interquartile range: 776 to 926 days), was the time to the first occurrence of either rehospitalization for worsening HF or cardiovascular death. Patients with HF had higher PK‐M2 levels than controls (17.4±4.1 versus 7.8±2.3 U/mL,
P
<0.001), and these levels correlated with HF severity (New York Heart Association cardiac function class). Patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction had higher PK‐M2 concentrations than those with preserved ejection fraction (18.3±4.5 versus 16.7±3.6 U/mL,
P
<0.01). In a subset of patients with HF (n=52), PK‐M2 levels significantly decreased following standardized HF treatment (mean difference, −4.3±0.5 U/mL,
P
<0.001). A high PK‐M2 level had a 1.913‐fold higher risk of the primary outcome (
P
=0.033) after adjusting for multiple cardiovascular risk factors, but not with cardiovascular death. Additionally, PK‐M2 added incremental prognostic value beyond clinical predictors and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (
P
<0.05).

Conclusions
Elevated PK‐M2 levels are associated with primary outcomes and rehospitalization for worsening heart failure in patients with HF. These findings suggest that PK‐M2 is a potential biomarker for HF diagnosis and prognosis, warranting consideration for serial patient assessment.
Development of an Integrated Modeling Framework for Visibility and Air Quality Forecasting in Delhi
Authors: Jayakumar A. , Anurose T. J. , Bhati Shweta , Hendry Margaret A. , Hayman Garry , Gordon Hamish , Field Paul , Mohandas Saji , Rumbold Heather , Yadav Prafull , Dhangar Narendra Gokul , Parde Avinash , Wagh Sandeep , Ghude Sachin , Ross Andrew N. , Smith Daniel , Dorling Stephen , George John P. , Prasad V. S. , Ravichandran M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rapid urbanization has subjected the megacities of developing countries to various environmental stresses. Delhi, a major Indian megacity, faces increasing urban stress leading to reduction in air quality and visibility. These challenges necessitate an integrated modeling framework to mitigate adverse environmental impacts on public health. Therefore, we have developed an advanced version of the high-resolution Delhi Model with Chemistry and aerosol framework (DM-Chem) at the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) under the Weather and Climate Science for Service Partnership India (WCSSP India) project. This collaborative initiative between India and the United Kingdom aims to provide real-time forecasts of visibility and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) for Delhi and neighboring regions during the winter season. The DM-Chem framework is unique due to its detailed urban canopy scheme and realistic aerosol representation, making it well suited for city-scale forecasts. It is designed to predict extreme fog and pollution events in the winter season. Here, we discuss the major physical parameterization improvements for the model, along with its skill and deficiencies in predicting extreme events. Notably, irrigation effects on surrounding agricultural areas have significantly improved fog and visibility forecasts, but have degraded the wind forecasts. We demonstrate the applicability of this modeling framework to study aerosol–radiation interaction during fog holes and discuss its potential to be applied or adapted to other megacities worldwide.