bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochastic gravitational wave background from stellar origin binary black holes in LISA
Authors: Babak Stanislav , Caprini Chiara , Figueroa Daniel G. , Karnesis Nikolaos , Marcoccia Paolo , Nardini Germano , Pieroni Mauro , Ricciardone Angelo , Sesana Alberto , Torrado Jesús 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe use the latest constraints on the population of stellar origin binary black holes (SOBBH) from LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA (LVK) observations, to estimate the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) they generate in the frequency band of LISA. In order to account for the faint and distant binaries, which contribute the most to the SGWB, we extend the merger rate at high redshift assuming that it tracks the star formation rate. We adopt different methods to compute the SGWB signal: we perform an analytical evaluation, we use Monte Carlo sums over the SOBBH population realisations, and we account for the role of the detector by simulating LISA data and iteratively removing the resolvable signals until only the confusion noise is left. The last method allows the extraction of both the expected SGWB and the number of resolvable SOBBHs. Since the latter are few for signal-to-noise ratio thresholds larger than five, we confirm that the spectral shape of the SGWB in the LISA band agrees with the analytical prediction of a single power law. We infer the probability distribution of the SGWB amplitude from the LVK GWTC-3 posterior of the binary population model: at the reference frequency of 0.003 Hz it has an interquartile range of h2ΩGW(f= 3 × 10-3Hz) ∈ [5.65, 11.5] × 10-13, in agreement with most previous estimates. We then perform a MC analysis to assess LISA's capability to detect and characterise this signal. Accounting for both the instrumental noise and the galactic binaries foreground, with four years of data, LISA will be able to detect the SOBBH SGWB with percent accuracy, narrowing down the uncertainty on the amplitude by one order of magnitude with respect to the range of possible amplitudes inferred from the population model. A measurement of this signal by LISA will help to break the degeneracy among some of the population parameters, and provide interesting constraints, in particular on the redshift evolution of the SOBBH merger rate.
Considering the heavy-quark distribution functions at low x
Authors: Karampur Elham , Boroun G R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the behavior of charm and bottom distribution functions at low x with respect to the parametrization of the gluon distribution function in the framework of the nonlinear Gribov–Levin–Ryskin–Mueller–Qiu, Zhu-Ruan-Shen (GLR-MQ-ZRS) evolution equation. Also, we solve the GLR-MQ-ZRS equation using the parametrization behavior of the gluon distribution function. The computed results are compared with the NNPDF3.0, CT14 and GRV92 collaborations.
A High-Temperature Superconducting Wideband Bandpass Filter at the L Band for Radio Astronomy
Authors: Zhu Xinyu , Li Jianbin , Lu Boyu , Wei Bin , Jiang Yifan , Jiang Linan , Hu Chao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In order to ensure the normal operation of radio astronomy observations, an extremely sensitive receiver system needs to be equipped in front of the large radio telescope. An 8-pole wideband high-temperature superconducting (HTS) filter using a Coplanar Spiral Resonator Structure with a passband of 1160∼1670 MHz is developed to suppress strong radio interference. The filter is fabricated on a 36 mm × 14 mm YBCO HTS film, which is deposited on a 0.5 mm thick MgO substrate. The minimum insertion loss measured in the liquid nitrogen temperature region is 0.03 dB, and the first parasitic passband appears at 2600 MHz. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulations. The filter can be used in radio telescope receivers for the observation of neutral hydrogen and pulsars, as well as in high-sensitivity satellite navigation instruments.
Mathematical simulation of backwater and velocity distribution around tandem cylindrical piles
Authors: Zhang Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, with the extensive development and utilization of coastal engineering, the research on the flow field around pile groups is becoming more important. In this paper, the flow velocity and water level distribution around tandem cylindrical and rectangular piles are calculated and studied by the numerical simulation method based on delft3D. The results show that the water level of the piles in the front row of the tandem pile group increases greatly, and the influence of the rear row of the piles is small due to the shielding effect.
Design and Hydrodynamic Performance Analysis of Offshore Multi-Module Floating Docks
Authors: Fu Rong , Guo Jianting , Wu Renhao , Liu Haoran 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study presents a design scheme for a multi-module connected floating dock, comprising two configurations for the lower floating body: transverse and longitudinal floats. An articulated connection between the modules is also included. The hydrodynamic performance of the floating dock with these two configurations is compared and analyzed by taking the South China Sea as an example. Frequency and time-domain analysis methods are employed, considering the coupling between the mooring and the multi-module floating dock. The results indicate that, under the condition of both cross waves and oblique waves, the transverse float configuration exhibits superior motion response performance in all degrees of freedom compared to the longitudinal float configuration, particularly in terms of roll performance. Furthermore, the maximum mooring tension and connection structure load for the transverse float configuration are lower than those for the longitudinal float configuration, resulting in superior overall hydrodynamic performance.
Numerical simulation on tar cracking behavior under the Brown’s Gas atmosphere
Authors: Yang Shuo , Wang Shaohui , Cui Jie , Fu Yudong , Jiang Xin , Zhang Yupeng , Yan Zeyi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Chemkin® calculation software platform was used in this paper, using benzene, toluene, and phenol as tar model compounds, and the cracking law of Brown’s gas to tar model compounds was studied by sensitivity analysis at the temperature of 892.5 K and 1130.5 K, respectively. The results showed that the active free radicals of -H and -O in Brown’s gas promote the breaking of methyl bonds and hydrogen bonds, and the formation of phenoxy ions. With the increasing temperature, the secondary products also promote the tar components cracking. Brown’s gas plays an obvious catalytic role in tar cracking, reducing the activation energy of the reaction, and resulting in a decrease in cracking reaction temperature. In addition to active free radicals of Brown’s gas involved in tar cracking, the phenoxy ions also indirectly affect the tar cracking rate.
Calculation of transportation resistance of different soils in Dredging Engineering
Authors: Luo Jiacheng , Yuan Chaozhe , Zhu Ping , Hao Yuchi , Wang Sheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pipeline transportation is a process of continuous balance between pumping pressure and pipeline resistance. Therefore, accurate calculation of pipeline transportation resistance can optimize the accuracy of the pump model and working parameters. The slurry transported in the dredging project is complicated, and the dredged soil in different regions is quite different resulting in different motion states in the transportation process. Different types of flow patterns are suitable for different resistance calculation models. In this paper, according to the actual dredger filling project, the real transmission resistance of the project is obtained by means of pipeline pressure monitoring data analysis. Three different transmission resistance calculation formulas of Wang Shaozhou formula, Durand formula and DHLLDV model are used to compare the clay, fine sand and medium coarse sand. The calculation results show that the Durand formula is the best for calculating the transmission resistance of medium coarse sand; the DHLLDV model is better for calculating the transport resistance of fine silt; the error between the DHLLDV model of clay transport resistance and Wang Shaozhou formula is small. In this paper, the calculation error analysis of three different kinds of soil is carried out, and the best calculation formula for three types of soil is obtained. The accurate calculation method of theoretical formula in dredging and filling projects is obtained, and the reference table of three kinds of soil for transportation resistance is proposed, which provides a reference for dredging project transportation.
A Hierarchical Maintenance Method for Power System Transmission and Substation Multi-Equipment Operation Status Considering Equipment Service Age
Authors: Jiang Enze , Hu Ruixing , Zhang Yikang , Gong Zhengpeng , Sun Jingqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The current conventional maintenance methods for transmission and substation operation equipment are mainly used to extract fault data features by combining micro-network algorithms to process equipment operation data. The lack of effective analysis of equipment fault characteristics leads to poor maintenance results. In this regard, a power system transmission and substation multi-device operation status hierarchical maintenance method considering the age of equipment service is proposed. By accessing the configuration network and interacting with the grid intelligent collection of data, network storage and parallel processing of data are realized. The characteristics of transmission and substation equipment operation data are analyzed and processed to build the maintenance system. In the experiments, the proposed method is validated for the effect of condition assessment. The experimental results show that when the proposed method is used to process the transmission and substation equipment, the condition assessment accuracy is high and it has a more desirable equipment maintenance performance.
Multi-type Adjustable Loads Aggregation Control Strategy for Industrial Parks
Authors: Liu Yu , Chen Jinchang , Yang Cheng , Miao Lu , Tang Yufeng , Yang Ping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
China’s industrial parks are the concentration areas of industrial enterprises. The aggregate regulation and control of various types of adjustable loads in industrial parks are effective means to achieve the consumption of renewable energy. However, there are many types of adjustable loads, along with varying amounts and response characteristics, which makes it difficult to achieve unified regulation. In view of the regulation and control characteristics of multiple types of adjustable loads in industrial parks, the regulation and control models of short-term interruptible load, reducible load, translatable load, transferable load and distributed energy storage are established respectively in this paper, aiming at minimizing the regulation cost and maximizing the benefits of the regulation and control auxiliary services, and the aggregate regulation and control strategy of multiple types of adjustable loads in industrial parks is proposed based on the electricity market environment to support the high proportion of renewable energy consumption of the new power system. At the same time, it will obtain auxiliary service income for industrial users. The simulation results of the example show that the proposed strategy reduces the power consumption cost of industrial users and effectively increases the usage of renewable energy without affecting the production of enterprises.
Distribution Network Balance Method under High Proportion of Distributed Power Penetration Scenario
Authors: Tian Li , Liu Rundong , Liang Xiaochuan , Wang Fengxiao , Liu Fan , Yang Chao , Yu Haobo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of various subjects represented by distributed generation, how to implement power balance in a distribution network has become a research direction. The utilization efficiency of a distribution network can be improved by the bidirectional power flow of flexible resources. However, the traditional distribution network power balance method relies on historical data, making it challenging to determine the principle of new subject participation. It does not meet the requirements of bidirectional power flow balance and loses critical information such as complementary load characteristics. We believe that distribution network power prediction needs to transform from single load prediction to multi-resource prediction, from quantitative prediction to quantitative plus characteristic prediction. In comparison to the traditional methods, curve superposition can be better compatible with the research results of different new load forecasting topics and meet the needs of efficiency and precise network planning.
Application of a Modified Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for MPPT
Authors: Huang Ronggeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the characteristics of multiple power peaks of the photovoltaic array under non-homogeneous irradiance conditions, a modified quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm (MQPSOA) for maximum power point (MPP) tracking is provided. The MQPSOA directly controls the duty ratio and dynamically adjusts parameters during its operation. The final results of the photovoltaic system experiment illustrate that the MQPSOA exhibits good performance in the global search of the MPP. It has a fast search rate and small power fluctuation in comparison with particle swarm optimization.
A Gaussian multi-scale mixture model-based outlier-robust Kalman filter
Authors: Huang Wei , Fu Hongpo , Li Yu , Ming Ruichen , Zhang Weiguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In many practical applications, the unknown non-stationary heavy-tailed distributed process and measurement noises (HTPMNs) are prone to occur due to inaccurate noise prior and stochastic outliers. To achieve the state estimation under this situation, a new outlier-robust Kalman filter based on Gaussian multi-scale mixture model (GMSMM-ORKF) is proposed in this paper. First, a new GMSMM is designed to model the one-step prediction and measurement likelihood probability density functions. Then, the hierarchical prior presentation on the mixture probability vectors and scale parameters are built. Furthermore, employing the variational Bayesian (VB) inference, a GMSMM-ORKF is derived. Finally, a classical target tracking model and real navigation experiment are utilized to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed filter.
Solar irrigation in sub-Saharan Africa: economic feasibility and development potential
Authors: Falchetta Giacomo , Semeria Francesco , Tuninetti Marta , Giordano Vittorio , Pachauri Shonali , Byers Edward 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Irrespective of water resource abundance, agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is predominantly rainfed. Along with fertilization, irrigation could support smallholder farmers with stabilizing crop yields, increasing incomes, and achieving food security. A key barrier to irrigation uptake is inadequate rural electricity supply for pumping and distributing water, besides other infrastructure deficits. Here we devise a spatially explicit integrated modelling framework to show that over one third of unmet crop water requirements of 19 major crops in smallholder cropland of SSA could be supplied with standalone solar photovoltaic (PV) irrigation systems that can be paid back by farmers within 20 years. This accounts for 60 km3 yr−1 of blue irrigation water requirements distributed over 55 million ha of currently rainfed harvested area (about 40% of the total). Crucially, we identify 10 million ha with a profit potential >$100 ha−1 yr−1. To finance such distributed small-scale infrastructure deployment and operation, we estimate an average discounted investment requirement of $3 billion yr−1, generating potential profits of over $5 billion yr−1 from increased yields to the smallholder farmers, as well as significant food security and energy access co-benefits. We demonstrate the critical importance of business models and investment incentives, crop prices, and PV & battery costs in shaping the economic feasibility and profitability of solar irrigation. Yet, we find that without strong land and water resources management infrastructure and governance, a widespread deployment of solar pumps may drive an unsustainable exploitation of water sources and reduce environmental flows. Our analysis supports public and private stakeholders seeking to target investments along the water–energy–food–economy–sustainable development nexus.
Sacrificial scaffold-assisted direct ink writing of engineered aortic valve prostheses
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Hao Jiangtao , Shi Weiliang , Su Ya , Mitchell Kellen , Hua Weijian , Jin Wenbo , Lee Serena , Wen Lai , Jin Yifei , Zhao Danyang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Heart valve disease has become a serious global health problem, which calls for numerous implantable prosthetic valves to fulfill the broader needs of patients. Although current three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting approaches can be used to manufacture customized valve prostheses, they still have some complications, such as limited biocompatibility, constrained structural complexity, and difficulty to make heterogeneous constructs, to name a few. To overcome these challenges, a sacrificial scaffold-assisted direct ink writing approach has been explored and proposed in this work, in which a sacrificial scaffold is printed to temporarily support sinus wall and overhanging leaflets of an aortic valve prosthesis that can be removed easily and mildly without causing any potential damages to the valve prosthesis. The bioinks, composed of alginate, gelatin, and nanoclay, used to print heterogenous valve prostheses have been designed in terms of rheological/mechanical properties and filament formability. The sacrificial ink made from Pluronic F127 has been developed by evaluating rheological behavior and gel temperature. After investigating the effects of operating conditions, complex 3D structures and homogenous/heterogenous aortic valve prostheses have been successfully printed. Lastly, numerical simulation and cycling experiments have been performed to validate the function of the printed valve prostheses as one-way valves.
Probing nonperturbative third and fifth harmonic generation on silicon without and with thermal oxide layer
Authors: Seres J , Seres E , Céspedes E , Martinez-de-Olcoz L , Zabala M , Schumm T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We examine Si with and without additional SiO2 thin film coating as a candidate for producing powerful 3rd and 5th harmonics of Ti:sapphire laser pulses for future spectroscopic application. Polarization rotation experiments have been performed at different incident angles to determine the origin of the generated harmonics and a strong polarization-dependency of the harmonic signals was observed. A simplified tensor formalism is introduced to reproduce the measurements with high accuracy. Comparing the measurements with the Oh symmetry of the bulk crystal, the C2v structural symmetry for the uncoated Si sample and a C4v symmetry for the SiO2 coated sample, we conclude that the polarization anisotropies are determined by the surface/interface symmetries.
Simulation study of various factors affecting the performance of vertical organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Bisht Ramesh Singh , Kumar Pramod 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Vertical organic field-effect transistors (VOFETs) can offer a short channel architecture that can further enhance the performance at low operating voltages, which makes it more viable for organic electronics applications. VOFETs can be prepared using low-cost techniques that reduce the high processing costs and can operate at high current densities and relatively high fRequencies. To further improve the performance, high current density, and operating frequency, the physics of charge carrier transport should be understood well with the simulation. The main problem with VOFET is the high off-current which is inevitable due to conduction from the source to the drain contact. Many efforts have been made to reduce the off-state current by the addition of an insulating layer on top of the source electrode, which further increases the processing complexity and cost of fabrication. Simulations based on device geometry, contact barriers, and organic semiconductor parameters are carried out to study the charge carrier transport in VOFET. The simulation results show that the most important factor, to enhance the performance is the device geometry or architecture, which requires a specific fill factor, a ratio of the exposed gate dielectric width to the total width of the device with the source electrode. The simulation results also show a different type of working physics of the basic VOFET architecture where the On/Off ratio and subthreshold swing are largely dependent on the initial negative gate field instead of the accumulated charge carriers at positive gate fields. Optimized VOFET architecture is then simulated for variation in contact barrier and semiconductor properties, which show further enhancement in performance.
Rigorous numerics for fast-slow systems
Authors: Matsue Kaname 
Published: August 2023

We show a series of results about rigorous numerics for dynamical systems generated by ordinary differential equations called fast-slow systems obtained through the author’s recent research. The contents of the present paper are mainly based on the results of Matsue [Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal. 50 (2017), pp. 357–486].
Challenge Inoculum for Hepatitis C Virus Controlled Human Infection Model
Authors: Liang T Jake , Law John L M , Pietschmann Thomas , Ray Stuart C , Bukh Jens , Bull Rowena , Chung Raymond T , Tyrrell D Lorne , Houghton Michael , Rice Charles M 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor any controlled human infection model (CHIM), a safe, standardized, and biologically relevant challenge inoculum is necessary. For hepatitis C virus (HCV) CHIM, we propose that human-derived high-titer inocula of several viral genotypes with extensive virologic, serologic, and molecular characterizations should be the most appropriate approach. These inocula should first be tested in human volunteers in a step-wise manner to ensure safety, reproducibility, and curability prior to using them for testing the efficacy of candidate vaccines.
Controlled Human Infection Model for Hepatitis C Virus Vaccine Development: Trial Design Considerations
Authors: Feld Jordan J , Bruneau Julie , Dore Gregory J , Ghany Marc G , Hansen Bettina , Sulkowski Mark , Thomas David L 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The design of a clinical trial for a controlled human infection model (CHIM) to accelerate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine development requires careful consideration. The design of a potential approach to HCV CHIM is outlined, involving initial sentinel cohorts to establish the safety and curability of the viral inoculum followed by larger cohorts to establish the spontaneous clearance rate for each inoculum. The primary endpoint would be HCV clearance by 24 weeks post-inoculation, recognizing that the prevention of chronic infection would be the primary goal of HCV vaccine candidates. Additional considerations are discussed, including the populations to be enrolled, the required monitoring approach, indications for antiviral therapy, and the required sample size for different CHIM approaches. Finally, safety considerations for CHIM participants are discussed.