bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple mechanisms synergistically induce Pseudomonas aeruginosa multiple drug resistance
Authors: Yang Lulu , Jiao Fangyan , Bajinka Ousman , Abdelhalim Khalid A , Wu Guojun , Tan Yurong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to understand the molecular epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance mechanism of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of CRPA infection in hospitals. 34 strains of CRPA were isolated and their resistance to 13 commonly used antibiotics was detected using TDR-300B Plus VitEK-2 compact automatic bacterial identification instrument. Then carbapenemase production was detected using Carbe NP test. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of efflux pump MexA and outer membrane protein OprD, and PCR amplification and sequence analysis were used to detect the class Ⅰ integrons carried by drug resistance genes. Our results showed that of the 34 CRPAs, 22 were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 5 were extensively drug resistant (XDR). Sequencing analysis of class Ⅰ integron resistance genes showed that class Ⅰ integrons mainly carried aminoglycosides or quinolones antimicrobial resistance genes. Multiple mechanisms play important roles in the formation and development of multidrug resistance or XDR resistance.
Molecular characterization of Lipopeptide Biosurfactant-Producing Paenibacillus dendritiformis isolated from Brackish water and its Potential Use in Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery and Bioremediation
Authors: Nayarisseri Anuraj , Bhrdwaj Anushka , Sharma Khushboo , Khan Arshiya , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The biosurfactants produced by microorganisms have high demand from microbial-enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) and they have focused on a chemical surfactant for the past few decades for degrading petro-based pollutants and oil spills due to its non-toxicity and increasing bioavailability. The study aims to identify and screen potential lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by Paenibacillus species employing a design experiment based on RSM. The bacterial culture was isolated from Chilika Lake, India. The data generated from the biosurfactant stability experiments were used to fit a regression model using the parameters such as ph, temp, and salinity to predict the E24 index. R-squared value 0.91 obtained from the ANOVA model explains that the regression model was significant, and the model p-value obtained was < 0.05 and was also statistically significant. Therefore the statistical regression model obtained in the present investigation can predict the E24 index by using any combination of ph, temp, and salinity parameters. The novel isolates obtained in this research were further named Paenibacillus dendritiformis ANSKLAB02 and deposited in GenBank with accession number KU518891. The growth of this species under controlled conditions has a high potential to help in environmental clean-up and is suitable for use in MEOR applications.
First-year student teachers’ knowledge of L1 grammar
Authors: Brøseth Heidi , Nygård Mari 
Published: May 2023

Despite protracted concerns about Norwegian students’ decline in grammar knowledge, the issue is poorly researched empirically. This article presents and the results from a grammar survey distributed to first-year student teachers (N=235). Our aim is to provide an empirical analysis of the level of Norwegian students’ grammar knowledge as they enter teacher education. We seek to answer the following research questions:
RQ1: What characterizes the knowledge of grammar of Norwegian student teachers as they enter teacher education?
RQ2: Are there grammatical topics and structures that they master more or less? If so, what characterizes these topics?

The results show that the grammar knowledge of student teachers, is rather poor. The students know the word classes verb, noun, adjective and pronoun, as well as the SC subject. Their knowledge is founded on semantics, while the structural features of language seem to be a blind spot. The study contributes to the international research on Knowledge of Language (KaL) from a Norwegian perspective. Due to the two written standards of Norwegian, our study will be the first to report student teachers’ grammar knowledge from such a context.
Resilience effect of decentralized detention system to extreme flooding events
Authors: Bhusal Amrit , Kalra Ajay , Shin Sangmin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The experiences from recent urban flooding events suggest that the conventional centralized detention systems based on detention size expansion with minimum costs need to accommodate the extreme flooding events exceeding their design capacity. This study investigated the resilience effects of decentralized detention systems to address extreme flooding events in urban areas. An integrated flood resilience measure that integrates the regional performance of sub-basins with a decentralized flood control system was proposed and applied to an urban watershed including five sub-basins. Hydrologic and hydraulic analysis to quantify the hydrologic responses and resilience of the watershed to flooding scenarios was performed using the Hydrological Modeling System and Geospatial River Analysis System of Hydrological Engineering Centre models. The results identified the best locations of distributed detention ponds and characterized the effects of the decentralization levels of the detention system on enhancing flood resilience to extreme events. Additionally, an increase in the resilience effects of the decentralized detention system was found in the cases of more extreme flooding events from the combined impacts of high-intensity rainfall and land cover change. The findings suggest insights into incorporating decentralization strategies into decision-making on detention systems to resiliently cope with extreme flooding events in urban watersheds.
Preparation of hydrogels based on poplar cellulose and their removal efficiency of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions
Authors: Zhang Fengrong , Zhang Cuilan , Teng Jia , Han Dandan , Wu Lishun , Hou Wanguo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Industrial heavy metal-contaminated wastewater is one of the main water pollution problems. Adsorbents are a promising method for the removal of heavy metal contaminants. Herein, polyaspartic acid/carboxymethyl poplar sawdust hydrogels (PASP/CMPP) and ascorbic acid/carboxymethyl poplar sawdust hydrogels (VC/CMPP) were prepared by aqueous polymerization using alkalized poplar sawdust (CMPP) as the substrate and PASP and vitamin C (VC) as modifiers. The effective results, provided by the characterization analysis of SEM and BET, indicate that the surface of the PASP/CMPP hydrogel has a larger number of loose pores and a larger pore volume than the VC/CMPP hydrogel. The treatment effects of the two hydrogels on simulated wastewater containing Cd(II) were investigated by a batch of experiments. The results showed that PASP/CMPP had a better adsorption effect than VC/CMPP under the same adsorption conditions. Interestingly, the solid concentration effect was found in the process of sorption kinetics and sorption isotherms. The sorption kinetic curves of Cd(II) on PASP/CMPP were well-fitted by the quasi-second-order kinetics under different adsorbent concentrations. The adsorption conforms to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. More importantly, PASP/CMPP composites are expected to be used as a new kind of environmental adsorbent for wastewater treatment.
Appraisal of surface–groundwater anthropogenic indicators and associated human health risk in El Sharqia Governorate, Egypt
Authors: El-Aassar Abdel Hameed M. , Hussien Rasha A. , Mohamed Faten A. , Oterkus Selda , Oterkus Erkan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The aim of this study was to integrate hydrogeochemistry with a multivariate statistical approach to understand the various processes that control the evolution/contamination of water resources in El Sharqia Governorate, Egypt with a particular emphasis on direct/indirect risks to human health. To achieve this, a representative collection of 21 groundwater and 35 drainage samples was taken and examined for physical, chemical, and trace element measurements. Results indicated that in shallow groundwater and drainage water samples, the relative abundance of major cations is Na+ &gt; Mg2+ &gt; Ca2+ &gt; K+, and for anions it is HCO3- &gt; Cl− &gt; SO42- (on a molar basis). Natural processes involving the dissolution/precipitation of some minerals and other processes including leaching of solid waste, overuse of agricultural fertilizers application, and high loads of discharged sewage water are responsible for the evolution of water resources in El Sharqia Governorate. Ammonia, nitrate, biological oxygen demand (BOD), phosphate, turbidity, iron, manganese, lead, and aluminum concentrations were found to be higher than the limits set by internatio2nal drinking water regulations. The health risk index (HRI) values for children were found to be higher than those for adults when the water resources are used for drinking purposes, which poses a risk to human health.
A Short Cationic Peptide Derived from Cecropin and Melittin Peptides Induce Apoptosis in Jurkat and Raji Leukemia Cell Lines
Authors: Moghaddam Mehrdad Moosazadeh , Ebrahimdoust Mustafa , Hayati Hamideh Malek , Bahreini Mehran 
Published: May 2023

Background:The creation of brand-new, potent, and less harmful medications to treat leukemia is urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have drawn a lot of interest as potential substitutes for chemotherapy.Objective:In the present investigation, the anticancer activity of CM11, a short cationic AMP, was assessed on Jurkat and Raji leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Methods:Different CM11 doses were applied to the Jurkat and Raji cell lines and PBMCs throughout a 24-hour period. The impact of the CM11 on cell viability and toxicity was assessed using an MTT assay. Flow cytometry and Real-Time PCR were used to analyze the effect of this peptide on apoptotic/necrosis pathways and assess the ratio expression of the P53 and Bcl-2 genes, respectively.Results:Despite the fact that peptide toxicity was successful in a variety of cell lines, cancer cells were more sensitive to the medication. The survival of Jurkat and Raji cell lines treated with 32 μg/ml peptide was 47% and 51%, respectively, while the survival of normal PBMC cells was about 65%. According to flow cytometry, Jurkat and Raji cells exposed to peptide had much greater levels of apoptosis than PBMCs. Peptide-treated cells were associated with increased expression of P53 the gene and decreased expression of the Bcl-2 gene.Conclusion:These results revealed that the CM11 caused more cytotoxicity to leukemia Raji and Jurkat leukemia cells compared to the normal cells by apoptosis pathway. Our findings demonstrated the potential of CM11 peptide to develop as a new antileukemic agent.
Emodin Alcohols: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and
Multitargeting Studies with DNA, RNA, and HSA
Authors: Wang Hai-Guang , Zhang Hui-Zhen 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
A series of novel emodin alcohols were designed and prepared in an
effort to overcome the increasing microorganism resistance.

Methods:
Novel emodin alcohols were prepared from commercial emodin and different
nitrogen-containing heterocycles via different synthetic strategies, such as O-alkylation
and N-alkylation. The antimicrobial activity of synthesized emodin compounds was evaluated
in vitro by a two-fold serial dilution technique. The interaction of emodin compound
3d with biomolecule was researched using UV-vis spectroscopic method and fluorescence
spectroscopy.

Results:
Emodin compound 3d containing 2-methyl-5-nitro imidazole ring showed relatively
good antimicrobial activity. Notably, it exhibited equivalent activity against S. aureus in
comparison to the reference drug norfloxacin (MIC = 4 μg/mL). The combination of strong
active compound 3d with reference drugs showed better antimicrobial activity with less dosage
and a broader antimicrobial spectrum than their separate use. Further research displayed
that emodin compound 3d could intercalate into S. aureus DNA to form the 3d–DNA complex,
which might correlate with the inhibitory activity. The hydrogen bonds were found between
S. aureus DNA gyrase and strong active compound 3d during the docking research,
which were in accordance with the spectral experiment results. The interaction with yeast
RNA of compound 3d could also form a complex via hydrogen bonds. The hydrogen bonds
were found to play a major role in the transportation of emodin compound 3d by human serum
albumin (HSA), as confirmed by molecular simulation.

Conclusion:
This work provides a promising starting point to optimize the structures of
emodin derivatives as potent antimicrobial agents.
Yield and Chemical Characteristics of Salvia hispanica L. (Chia) Oil from
Native Seeds from Four Provenances of Guatemala
Authors: Cáceres Armando , Cruz Sully M. , de León Claudia , Méndez Rebeca 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a plant from the Lamiaceae family that has
been used as ancestral food, medicine, and oil, with culinary, artistic, and religious purposes by
most of the Mesoamerican civilizations. Native from Mesoamerica, introduced into South America,
Australia, and Europe, it is presently consumed as a nutritional and functional food.

Objective:
This research aims to characterize ancient native cultivars from four provenances in
Guatemala to recommend their direct consumption by the population as well as to establish its
trade.

Methods:
Seed samples were collected in four places where they have been cultivated for several
generations. The oil was obtained by expression and analyzed chemically by gas chromatography
following standard qualitative and quantitative methods.

Results:
Variations in oil yield and some of the characteristic parameters of the phytochemical
analysis were obtained. In general, the profile was similar to most of the reported data in the literature,
with the saturated fatty acids (8.54-9.25%) relatively lower than the references (7.95-11.45%)
but a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty oils, particularly of omega-3 (64.68-68.62%).

Conclusion:
The oil from native cultivars contains high quantities of omega-3, which might help
pregnant women during gestation and to control other conditions such as metabolic syndrome, particularly
in low- and middle-income populations where these seeds are consumed regularly. The
suggestion is made to encourage the cultivation and use of these ancestral seeds with the possibility
of commercialization abroad with an appellation of origin label.
Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome Exacerbates Aβ25-35-Induced Pathological
Changes, and Ginsenoside Re Ameliorates Synapse Lesions in Aβ25-35-
Injected Rats with Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Jiang Xia , Chen Lin , Fu Qing , Ma Dan Li , Liu Xue Ting , Wang Xiao Yi 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) indicates that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered the consequence produced by Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome (KDS-Yang), which has similar clinical characteristics to glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome. Ginsenoside Re (G-Re) has been found to ameliorate the symptoms and pathological impairments of AD. However, it’s not clear whether G-Re could protect memory and synapse lesions against kidney deficiency dementia.

Methods:
Subcutaneous injection of hydrocortisone for 14 days was used to produce KDS-Yang. On the 15th day, Aβ25-35 peptide was injected into the intracerebroventricular (icv) of KDS-Yang rats. Spine density was analyzed by Golgi staining and the ultrastructural morphology of the synapse was detected using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Western blot was used to examine the expression of pS396, pS404, Tau-5, tGSK-3β, pS9GSK-3β, Syt, Syn I, GluA1, GluN2B, PSD93, PSD95, 2-AR and pS346-β2-AR.

Results:
Hyperphosphorylation of tau in Aβ25-35-injected rats with KDS-Yang was stronger than in Aβ25-35-injected rats at the sites of Ser396 and Ser404. G-Re improved spatial memory damage detected by Morris water-maze (MWM), enhanced spines density, the thickness of postsynaptic density (PSD) and increased the expression of Syt, Syn I, GluA1, GluN2B, PSD93 and PSD95. Moreover, G-Re decreased the hyperphosphorylation of β2-AR at serine 346 in Aβ25-35-injected rats with KDS-Yang.

Conclusion:
KDS-Yang might exacerbate AD pathological lesions. Importantly, G-Re is a potential ingredient for protecting against memory and synapse deficits in kidney deficiency dementia.
Multi-antennas PAPR Reduction for FBMC/OQAM System
Authors: Boudjelkha Ammar , Merah Hocine , Khelil Abdellatif 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) with offset quadrature amplitude modulation
(OQAM) is a promising future generation of wireless systems. However, like multicarrier
modulations (MCM), FBMC/OQAM has a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), which allows
the FBMC/OQAM signal to pass through the nonlinear region of the high-power amplifier (HPA) in
the time domain and causes in-band and out of band (OOB) distortion.

Methods:
In this paper, a new method to overcome this problem called multi-antennas PAPR (MAP)
reduction is proposed. It consists of using I antennas in transmission and reception to transmit I
FBMC/OQAM sub-signals with low PAPR. The complementary cumulative distribution function
(CCDF), the bit error rate (BER), and the energy efficiency are used to evaluate the method's performance.

Results:
The simulation results showed that the new technique can reduce the PAPR of the original signal by more than half, achieve BER comparable to that of the original signal without HPA, and when the input back-off (IBO) equals 3dB, the error vector magnitude (EVM) result can be reduced from 19% to 7%.

Conclusion:
The PAPR, BER, and EVM of MAP technique are much better than the original system.
Theoretical Investigation of NH3 and NO2 Affinity Towards Boron-nitride Nanosheet: A Dft Study
Authors: Abbas Zaheer , Khan Md. Shahzad 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets have been widely explored for sensing
toxic gases by investigating structural and electronic properties. However, the optical investigation
could be an alternative approach to address the sensing capability of the nanosheets. In the
present work, the electronic and optical investigation is performed using density functional theory
(DFT) to find out the sensitivity of boron-nitride nanosheet (BNNS) towards NH3 and NO2 gas
molecules. Electronic investigation suggests a weak binding of NH3 and NO2 with the 2D sheet,
with appreciable changes in the BNNS electronic density of state (DOS) on NO2 interaction. NH3
interaction could not affect the BNNS DOS except for lowering of band dispersion graph across
the Fermi level. NO2 interaction brings a noticeable change in spectra, primarily red-shift. Based
on this information, tuning is also observed in different optical descriptors, i.e., dielectric constant,
refractive index, and extinction coefficient of NO2 interacted BNNS. All these findings advocate
sensitivity toward the gas molecule of the 2D sheet could be realized from the optical frame.

Objective:
Finding NH3 and NO2 affinity of Boron-Nitride Nanosheet Through Optical Spectrum:
A DFT Study.

Methods:
The calculations are performed in the framework of density functional theory (DFT)
using Troullier Martins’s norm-conserving pseudo-potential.

Results:
The NO2 interacted BNNS shows the optical spectra get red-shifted, and the primary
reason is the available NO2 molecular state below the fermi level as shown in PDOS analysis.

Conclusion:
The present investigation predicted an almost similar ε2 spectra pattern of BNNS
and NH3-BNNS except in shallow region 7 eV-10 eV; a weak absorption band appeared in this
region after NH3 absorption. The main concern for this deviation is the electronic transitions taken
from the valance N-p-state of NH3 to the conduction band (primarily π* in nature) of BNNS.
Disparities in Insulin Pump Use Among Spanish-Speaking Children With Type 1 Diabetes Compared to Their Non-Hispanic White Peers: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Loomba Lindsey , Bonanno Shaila , Arellano Diana , Crossen Stephanie , Glaser Nicole 
Published: May 2023

Background
Disparities in Insulin Pump Use Among Spanish-Speaking Children With Type 1 Diabetes Compared to Their Non-Hispanic White Peers: Mixed Methods Study

Objective
We aimed to investigate the use of insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices among Spanish-language–preferring children in our clinic population and to identify specific barriers to technology use.

Methods
First, we assessed rates and patterns of diabetes technology use (eg, insulin pumps and CGM devices) in a sample of 76 children (38 Spanish-language preferring and 38 non-Hispanic White). We compared rates of technology use, average length of time between diabetes diagnosis and initiation of insulin pump or CGM device, and rates of discontinuation of these devices between the Spanish-language–preferring and non-Hispanic White children. Second, to understand specific barriers to technology use, we compared responses to a questionnaire assessing decision-making about insulin pumps.

Results
Spanish-language–preferring patients had lower rates of insulin pump use, even after controlling for age, gender, age at diagnosis, and type of health insurance. Spanish-language–preferring participants were more likely to report concerns over learning to use an insulin pump and were more likely to discontinue using an insulin pump after starting one.

Conclusions
These data confirm demographic disparities in insulin pump use among children with T1D and provide new insights about insulin pump discontinuation among Spanish-language–preferring children. Our findings suggest a need for improved patient education about insulin pump technology in general and improved support for Spanish-language–preferring families with T1D after initiation of pump therapy.