bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile synthesis of nanostrip-structured pseudo-boehmite “nest” for nano-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 construction to remove tetracycline hydrochloride in water
Authors: Fu Wenjing , Wei Cundi , Xu Shaonan , Wang Enhui , Zhang Jinyi , Xu You , Zou Jiyuan , Wei Jilun , Zuo Jing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A particular bird’s nest-like pseudo-boehmite (PB) composed of cohesive nanostrips was prepared by a novel and facile approach based on the reaction of Al–Ga–In–Sn alloy and water, together with ammonium carbonate. The PB possesses a large specific surface area (465.2 m2 g−1), pore volume (1.0 cm3 g−1), and pore diameter (8.7 nm). Subsequently, it was utilized as a precursor to form the TiO2/γ-Al2O3 nanocomposite for tetracycline hydrochloride removal. The removal efficiency can reach above 90% at TiO2:PB = 1:1.5 under the Sunlight irradiation simulated by a LED lamp. Our results indicate that the nest-like PB is a promising carrier precursor for efficient nanocomposite catalysts.
High performance perovskite luminescent devices on Si substrates by controlling quasi-two-dimensional phases
Authors: Xu Xiaoxiao , Juan Fangying , Zhu Ting , Xiao Ke , Sun Teng , Chen Jiaming , Xu Ling , Xu Jun , Chen Kunji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
High-performance air-processed perovskite light-emitting devices (PeLEDs) combined with Si materials are currently an opportunity because of the potential applications in multiple function integration. Here, a high-efficient Si/perovskite heterojunction near infrared light-emitting device have been fabricated by controlling the quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) phases via introduction of 4-fluorobenzylamine hydroiodide (FPMAI) while the whole device fabrication process is simple and under ambient air. It was found that the luminescence behavior could be modulated by changing the quasi-2D phase ratio. The external quantum efficiency reached 9.7% at the optimized parameters, which was 75% higher than that of the device with a pure three-dimensional phase. Our results indicate an appropriate and easy method to improve the performance of air-processed Si-based PeLEDs.
Using ensemble Monte Carlo methods to evaluate non-equilibrium Green’s functions
Authors: Ferry David K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The use of ensemble Monte Carlo methods for the simulation of transport in semiconductor devices has become extensive over the past few decades. This method allows for simulation utilizing particles while addressing the full physics within the device, leaving the computational difficulties to the computer. More recently, the study of quantum mechanical effects within the devices, effects which also strongly affect the carrier transport itself, have become important. While particles have continued to be useful in quantum simulations using Wigner functions, interest in analytical solutions based upon the non-equilibrium Green’s functions (NEGF) have become of greater interest in device simulation. While NEGF has been adopted by many commercial semiconductor, there remains considerable computational difficulty in this approach. Here, a particle approach to NEGF is discussed, and preliminary results presented illustrating the computational efficiency that remains with the use of particles. This approach adopts the natural basis functions for use in a high electric field and the preliminary results are obtained for quantum transport in Si at 300 K. This approach appears to offer significant advantages for the use of NEGF.
Hartree–Fock analogue theory of thermo-optic interaction
Authors: Stein Enrico , Pelster Axel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Thermo-optic interaction significantly differs from the usual particle-particle interactions in physics, as it is retarded in time. A prominent platform for realising this kind of interaction are photon Bose–Einstein condensates, which are created in dye-filled microcavities. The dye solution continually absorbs and re-emits these photons, causing the photon gas to thermalize and to form a Bose–Einstein condensate. Because of a non-ideal quantum efficiency, these cycles heat the dye solution, creating a medium that provides an effective thermo-optic photon–photon interaction. So far, only a mean-field description of this process exists. This paper goes beyond by working out a quantum mechanical description of the effective thermo-optic photon–photon interaction. To this end, the self-consistent modelling of the temperature diffusion builds the backbone of the modelling. Furthermore, the manyfold experimental timescales allow for deriving an approximate Hamiltonian. The resulting quantum theory is applied in the perturbative regime to both a harmonic and a box potential for investigating its prospect for precise measurements of the effective photon–photon interaction strength.
A model-agnostic analysis of hybrid stars with reactive interfaces
Authors: Lugones Germán , Mariani Mauro , Ranea-Sandoval Ignacio F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study hybrid stars considering the effects on stellar stability of the hadron-quark conversion speed at the sharp interface. The equation of state is constructed by combining a model-agnostic hadronic description with a constant speed of sound model for quark matter. We show that current LIGO/Virgo, NICER, low-density nuclear and high-density perturbative QCD constraints can be satisfied in two scenarios, with low and high transition pressures. If the conversion speed at the interface is slow, a new class of dynamically stable hybrid objects is possible and very stiff hadronic equations of state cannot be discarded. Densities tens of times larger than the nuclear saturation density are possible at the center of these objects. We discuss possible formation mechanisms for the new class of hybrid stars and smoking guns for their observational identification.
Real-time implementation of the high-fidelity NBI code RABBIT into the discharge control system of ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Weiland M. , Bilato R. , Sieglin B. , Felici F. , Giannone L. , Kudlacek O. , Rampp M. , Scheffer M. , Treutterer W. , Zehetbauer T. , Upgrade Team the ASDEX 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For the first time, a real-time capable NBI code, which has a comparable fidelity to the much more computationally expensive Monte Carlo codes such as NUBEAM, has been coupled to the discharge control system of a tokamak. This implementation has been done at ASDEX Upgrade and is presented in this paper. Modifications to the numerical scheme of RABBIT for the time-dependent solution of the Fokker–Planck equation have been carried out to make it compatible with the non-equidistant time-steps, as they occur in real-time simulations. We demonstrate that this allows RABBIT to run in real-time both in a steady-state and time-dependent fashion and show and discuss an actual real-time simulation. Its accuracy is identified by comparing to offline RABBIT and TRANSP-NUBEAM runs (where more diagnostics are available for preciser inputs).
Gyrokinetic simulations of electrostatic microturbulence in ADITYA-U tokamak
Authors: Singh Tajinder , Sharma Deepti , Macwan Tanmay , Sharma Sarveshwar , Ghosh Joydeep , Sen Abhijit , Lin Zhihong , Kuley Animesh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Global gyrokinetic simulations of the electrostatic microturbulence driven by the pressure gradients of thermal ions and electrons are carried out for the ADITYA-U tokamak geometry using its experimental plasma profiles and with collisional effects. The dominant instability is trapped electron mode (TEM) based on the linear eigenmode structure and its propagation in the electron diamagnetic direction. Collisional effects suppress turbulence and transport to a certain extent. Zonal flow is not playing a critical role in the TEM saturation, which is dominated by the inverse cascade. The frequency spectrum of the electrostatic fluctuations is in broad agreement with the experimentally recorded spectrum in the ADITYA-U, with a bandwidth ranging from

∼

0

to 50 kHz.
A glomerulus chip with spherically twisted cell-laden hollow fibers as glomerular capillary tufts
Authors: Dai Zhilin , Li Chengpan , Shi Zhengdi , Li Shibo , Luo Tianzhi , Ding Weiping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Glomerulus-on-a-chip, as a promising alternative for drug nephrotoxicity evaluation, is attracting increasing attention. For glomerulus-on-a-chip, the more biomimetic the chip is, the more convincing the application of the chip is. In this study, we proposed a hollow fiber-based biomimetic glomerulus chip that can regulate filtration in response to blood pressure and hormone levels. On the chip developed here, bundles of hollow fibers were spherically twisted and embedded in designed Bowman’s capsules to form spherical glomerular capillary tufts, with podocytes and endotheliocytes cultured on the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow fibers, respectively. We evaluated the morphology of cells, the viability of cells, and the metabolic function of cells in terms of glucose consumption and urea synthesis by comparing the results obtained under fluidic and static conditions, confirmed the barrier function of the endotheliocyte-fiber membrane-podocyte structure by monitoring the diffusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled inulin, albumin and IgG, and, for the first time, achieved on-chip filtration regulation in response to the hormone atrial natriuretic peptide. In addition, the application of the chip in the evaluation of drug nephrotoxicity was also preliminarily demonstrated. This work offers insights into the design of a more physiologically similar glomerulus on a microfluidic chip.
Ultrasonic testing of the biomechanical properties of donation blood
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Esam T , Pomarede Pascal , Mangin Pierre H , Declercq Nico F 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground.Donated blood is routinely preserved for about six weeks. After that, a considerable amount of unused blood is discarded for safety. We carried out sequential measurements of the ultrasonic parameters (Velocity of propagation of ultrasound, its attenuation, and relative nonlinearity coefficient B/A) for red blood cells (RBCs) bags in their physiological preserving conditions in the blood bank, in a given experimental setup, to investigate the gradual deteriorations in the biomechanical properties of RBCs.Materials and Methods. We discuss our primary findings, which indicate the applicability of ultrasound techniques as a quantitative quick, non-invasive routine check for the validity of sealed blood bags. The technique can be applied during and beyond the regular preservation period, thus enabling deciding for each bag to either further preserve or withdraw.Results and Discussion. Considerable increases in the velocity of propagation (ΔV = 966 m s−1) and ultrasound attenuation (Δα= 0.81 dB C−1m−1) were detected to take place during the preservation time. Likewise, the relative nonlinearity coefficient showed a generally rising trend during the preservation period (Δ(B/A) = 0.0129). At the same time, a distinctive feature characteristic of a specific blood group type is realized in all cases. Due to the complex stress-strain relations and their reflection on the hydrodynamics and flow rate of non-Newtonian fluids, the increased viscosity of long-preserved blood may justify the known post-transfusion flow complications.
Multi-trait analysis of gene-by-environment interactions in large-scale genetic studies
Authors: Luo Lan , Mehrotra Devan V , Shen Judong , Tang Zheng-Zheng 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Identifying genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) is challenging because the GEI analysis generally has low power. Large-scale consortium-based studies are ultimately needed to achieve adequate power for identifying GEI. We introduce Multi-Trait Analysis of Gene–Environment Interactions (MTAGEI), a powerful, robust, and computationally efficient framework to test gene–environment interactions on multiple traits in large data sets, such as the UK Biobank (UKB). To facilitate the meta-analysis of GEI studies in a consortium, MTAGEI efficiently generates summary statistics of genetic associations for multiple traits under different environmental conditions and integrates the summary statistics for GEI analysis. MTAGEI enhances the power of GEI analysis by aggregating GEI signals across multiple traits and variants that would otherwise be difficult to detect individually. MTAGEI achieves robustness by combining complementary tests under a wide spectrum of genetic architectures. We demonstrate the advantages of MTAGEI over existing single-trait-based GEI tests through extensive simulation studies and the analysis of the whole exome sequencing data from the UKB.
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Biological Aging in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999–2018
Authors: Thomas Aline , Belsky Daniel W , Gu Yian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
People who have a balanced diet and engage in more physical activity live longer, healthier lives. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that these associations reflect a slowing of biological processes of aging. We analyzed data from 42 625 participants (aged 20–84 years, 51% female participants) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 1999–2018. We calculated adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MeDi) and level of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) using standard methods. We measured biological aging by applying the PhenoAge algorithm, developed using clinical and mortality data from NHANES-III (1988–94), to clinical chemistries measured from a blood draw at the time of the survey. We tested the associations of diet and physical activity measures with biological aging, explored synergies between these health behaviors, and tested heterogeneity in their associations across strata of age, sex, and body mass index. Participants who adhered to the MeDi and who did more LTPA had younger biological ages compared with those who had less-healthy lifestyles (high vs low MeDi tertiles: β = 0.14 standard deviation [SD] [95% confidence interval {CI}: −0.18, −0.11]; high vs sedentary LTPA, β = 0.12 SD [−0.15, −0.09]), in models controlled for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Healthy diet and regular physical activity were independently associated with lower clinically defined biological aging, regardless of age, sex, and BMI category.
Differential Brain Structural and Functional Patterns in Crohn’s Disease Patients are Associated with Different Disease Stages
Authors: Agostini Alessandro , Benuzzi Francesca , Ballotta Daniela , Rizzello Fernando , Gionchetti Paolo , Filippini Nicola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory, chronic disorder that alternates between a quiescent phase and inflammatory flare-ups. Research has begun to elucidate the impact of CD in modulating brain structure and function. The previous neuroimaging studies mainly involved CD patients in remission (CD-R); therefore, little is known about how inflammation influences brain-related features in different stages of the disease. We carried out a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study to explore whether the different levels of disease activity may differentially affect brain structure and function.

Methods
Fourteen CD-R patients, 19 patients with mild to moderate inflammatory activity (CD-A), and 18 healthy controls (HCs) underwent an MRI scan including structural and functional sequences.

Results
Between-group comparisons showed morphological and functional brain differences distinctively associated with the stage of disease activity. The CD-A patients had reduced gray matter within the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) relative to CD-R patients. Analysis on resting fMRI data showed the following patterns: (1) increased connectivity within the left fronto-parietal network (in the superior parietal lobe) in CD-R patients relative to CD-A patients; (2) decreased connectivity in the motor network (in parietal and motor areas) in the CD-A group relative to the HC group; (3) reduced connectivity in the motor network and (4) in the language network (in parietal areas and in the PCC) in CD-R patients relative to HC.

Conclusions
The present findings represent a further step towards understanding brain morphological and functional changes in the active vs remission stages of CD patients.
Adoption of shared decision-making and clinical decision support for reducing cardiovascular disease risk in community health centers
Authors: Hauschildt Jennifer , Lyon-Scott Kristin , Sheppler Christina R , Larson Annie E , McMullen Carmit , Boston David , O’Connor Patrick J , Sperl-Hillen JoAnn M , Gold Rachel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveElectronic health record (EHR)-based shared decision-making (SDM) and clinical decision support (CDS) systems can improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) care quality and risk factor management. Use of the CV Wizard system showed a beneficial effect on high-risk community health center (CHC) patients’ CVD risk within an effectiveness trial, but system adoption was low overall. We assessed which multi-level characteristics were associated with system use.Materials and MethodsAnalyses included 80 195 encounters with 17 931 patients with high CVD risk and/or uncontrolled risk factors at 42 clinics in September 2018–March 2020. Data came from the CV Wizard repository and EHR data, and a survey of 44 clinic providers. Adjusted, mixed-effects multivariate Poisson regression analyses assessed factors associated with system use. We included clinic- and provider-level clustering as random effects to account for nested data.ResultsLikelihood of system use was significantly higher in encounters with patients with higher CVD risk and at longer encounters, and lower when providers were &gt;10 minutes behind schedule, among other factors. Survey participants reported generally high satisfaction with the system but were less likely to use it when there were time constraints or when rooming staff did not print the system output for the provider.DiscussionCHC providers prioritize using this system for patients with the greatest CVD risk, when time permits, and when rooming staff make the information readily available. CHCs’ financial constraints create substantial challenges to addressing barriers to improved system use, with health equity implications.ConclusionResearch is needed on improving SDM and CDS adoption in CHCs.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03001713, https://clinicaltrials.gov/
Implicates as Instrumental Variables: An Approach for Estimation and Inference with Probabilistically Matched Data
Authors: Patki Dhiren , Shapiro Matthew D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Linkage errors in probabilistically matched data sets can cause biases in the estimation of regression coefficients. This article proposes an approach to obtain consistent estimates and valid inference that relies on instrumental variables. The novelty of the method is to show that instrumental variables arise naturally in the course of probabilistic record linkage thereby allowing for off-the-shelf implementation. Relative to existing approaches, the instrumental variable approach does not require integration of the record linkage and regression analysis steps, the estimation of complex models of linkage error, or computationally expensive methods to estimate standard errors. The instrumental variables approach performs well in Monte Carlo simulations of an environment highlighting a many-to-one linkage problem.
Association between comorbidities and longitudinal changes in total testosterone among men from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Carto Chase Alexander , Gurayah Aaron A , Arbelaez Maria Camila Suarez , Grewal Meghan R , Kohn Taylor , Ramasamy Ranjith 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Previous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have described decreasing testosterone levels with age in men, without consideration of acquired comorbidities in aging males.

Aim
We evaluated the longitudinal association between age and testosterone levels as well as the impact of several comorbidities on this relationship using multivariate panel regression analysis.

Methods
Participants were selected from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Data were obtained on the presence of several comorbidities and total testosterone level during each follow-up visit. A multivariate panel regression analysis was performed to determine the impact of age on testosterone level while controlling for individual comorbidities.

Outcomes
The primary outcomes were strength of association between age and various comorbidities, and testosterone level.

Results
A total of 625 men were included in this study, with a mean age of 65 years and a mean testosterone level of 463 ng/dL. On multivariable-adjusted panel regression analysis, age was not significantly associated with testosterone decline, while anemia, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, obesity, peripheral artery disease, and stroke were inversely associated with total testosterone level. We report no association between cancer and total testosterone.

Clinical Implications
This study indicates that a decline in testosterone levels over time may be due to the presence of various comorbidities, which affects the medical management of hypogonadism in aging men.

Strengths and Limitations
The strengths of this study include the standardized acquisition of testosterone tests and uniform collection of variables, while limitations include the lack of follow-up data from 205 patients and the limited racial/ethnic diversity in the cohort.

Conclusions
In this large longitudinal study, we found that when adjusted for the presence of concomitant comorbidities, age does not predict a significant decline in testosterone level. With the overall increase in life expectancy and the simultaneous rise in the incidence of comorbidities such as diabetes and dyslipidemia, our findings may help optimize screening and treatment for late-onset hypogonadism in patients with multiple comorbidities.
Juvenile Fasciola gigantica emerging through the skin in a returning traveller
Authors: Van Den Broucke Steven , Vandecasteele Stefaan , Van Esbroeck Marjan , Dorny Pierre , Dermauw Veronique , De Jong Theodorus , Bottieau Emmanuel , Vereecken Henk , Potters Idzi , Paredis Linda 
Published: March 2023

We describe a patient presenting with eosinophilia and liver lesions. A juvenile Fasciola gigantica emerged through the skin, an occurrence which has been only described in two patients so far. Ectopic manifestations usually appear shortly after infection, whereas the time before emergence was more than 1 year in our patient.
On the topological surface states of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn-Bi-Te family
Authors: Wang Yuan , Ma Xiao-Ming , Hao Zhanyang , Cai Yongqing , Rong Hongtao , Zhang Fayuan , Chen Weizhao , Zhang Chengcheng , Lin Junhao , Zhao Yue , Liu Chang , Liu Qihang , Chen Chaoyu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We review recent progress in the electronic structure study of intrinsic magnetic topological insulators (MnBi2Te4) · (Bi2Te3)n ($n\ = \ 0,\ 1,\ 2,\ 3$) family. Specifically, we focus on the ubiquitously (nearly) gapless behavior of the topological Dirac surface state observed by photoemission spectroscopy, even though a large Dirac gap is expected because of surface ferromagnetic order. The dichotomy between experiment and theory concerning this gap behavior is perhaps the most critical and puzzling question in this frontier. We discuss various proposals accounting for the lack of magnetic effect on the topological Dirac surface state, which are mainly categorized into two pictures, magnetic reconfiguration and topological surface state redistribution. Band engineering towards opening a magnetic gap of topological surface states provides great opportunities to realize quantized topological transport and axion electrodynamics at higher temperatures.