bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural characteristics of cocoa-based agroforestry systems can mitigate citrus Phytophthora foot rot disease intensity
Authors: MVONDO Etienne AKOUTOU , NOMO Lucien BIDZANGA , AMBANG Zachée , MANGA Faustin BELLA , NDO Eunice Golda Danièle , CILAS Christian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tropical agroforestry systems are recognized as an attractive way to reconcile productivity and ecosystem services without compromising the agrosystem. However, to optimize ecosystem services, the structure of existing agroecosystems must be improved to enhance interactions within them. In this study, we evaluated the combined effect of shade rate and spatial structure of citrus trees in cocoa-based agro-forestry systems (CBAS) on Phytophthora foot rot disease (PFRD). A set of 33 CBAS of 2500 m2 was established in five citrus production basins in the humid forest zones of Cameroon. The citrus spatial structure was analyzed by the Ripley method. Field data, including the specific composition of the experimental plots, the tree’s geographical position, as well as their structural characteristics, were used to reconstruct CBAS in 3D. Subsequently, citrus trees were divided into 9 treatments based on the amount of shade they received (dense shade, light shade, or no shade) and their spatial structure (regular, aggregated, or random) in the CBAS. PFRD intensity was calculated by measuring the extent of the PFRD lesion relative to the circumference of the citrus crown. Citrus trees with a regular spatial structure, and located under dense or light shade showed low PFRD intensity. Citrus trees with an aggregated spatial structure, regardless of their shade situation, as well as those with a random spatial structure and no shade, showed high PFRD intensity compared to all other treatments. These results show that appropriate management of shade rate and spatial structure in CBAS can significantly contribute to the control of PFRD and thus promote citrus production in complex agroforests. For the first time, it is demonstrated that optimizing the combined effect of shade rate and spatial structure of associated trees would allow the design of optimal models of resilient agroforestry systems, capable of self-regulating pests and reducing chemical pesticide use.
Impact of Palm dates fruit intake in the alleviation of gastrointestinal manifestations of autistic children: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Metwally Ammal M. , Yousef Walaa , Abdel-Latif Ghada A. , El-Din Ebtissam M. Salah , El-Sonbaty Marwa M. , Sallam Sara F. , Nassar Maysa S. , Raouf Ehab R. Abdel , Hashish Adel F. , Elwan Ahmed M. , Mehanna Nayra Sh. , Ibrahim Nihad A. , Etreby Lobna A. El , Elshamy Nada H. , Swailem Saleh M. Al , Goda Amira A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aim:This study aimed at evaluating the regular intake of palm dates fruit for 12 weeks in alleviating gastrointestinal (GI) severity symptoms among autistic Egyptian children aged 3-12 years and exploring predictors for non-responsiveness to its intake.Methodology:183 Participants were randomly assigned to receive one of three regimens with completed analysis as follows; 1st: 3 dates fruit/day (47 cases), 2nd: 5 dates fruit/day (42 cases), and 3rd: non-dates group (42 cases). Responders were those who showed a reduction of GI symptoms from High- to Low- GI-Problems based on the GI Severity Index score (6-GSI)Results:There was an improvement in the GI severity symptoms with a significant reduction from the baseline of constipation and stool smell scores for the two dates fruit regimens than the non-dates group (p<0.001). 76.4 % of participants on the dates fruit regimens were responders versus 23.6 %. The study identified a deficiency of the baseline level of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium species’ log, any pathogenic microorganisms in participants’ stool, and those at inevitable risk of malnutrition as predictors for non-responsiveness to dates fruit intake.Conclusion:The current study confirmed the beneficial impact of dates fruit regular intake as a remedy for severe GI symptoms.
Parameter extraction of photovoltaic module model by using Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm based on simulated annealing method
Authors: DKHICHI Fayrouz 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Reliable and accurate parameter identification of solar modules model is necessary to evaluate the performances and to control the behavior of photovoltaic systems. In this work, Levenberg-Marquardt combined with simulated annealing algorithm is proposed to extract the five parameters from the experimental data points (IPV - VPV) of Photowatt-PWP 201 polycrystalline module. The quality evaluation of the obtained outcomes is ensured by the analysis of the objective function accuracy. Therefore, the proposed method provides the highest precision compared to the results of the most recent methods reported in the literature. Moreover, a study of the convergence process has been established in the aim to observe the adjustment way of the five parameters and to assess the influence of the damping factor on the objective function optimization. The superiority of the proposed method in terms of accuracy have been tested and proven by using the IPV (VPV)measurements of SM55 mono-crystalline photovoltaic module.
Seasonal Indian Ocean primary productivity and key drivers
Authors: Maishal Subhadeep , Kuttipurath Jaynarayan , P Anjanyan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Oceanic Net primary production (NPP) results from the photosynthesis of marine plankton, which accounts for half of the global primary production and influences the carbon cycle, and transfers organic matter and energy to marine ecosystems. Anthropogenic activities severely stress the ocean ecosystem through warming and acidification and have significantly altered NPP. In this context, we assess the long-term changes in NPP in the Indian Ocean (IO) with respect to the changes in physical processes and nutrient input to the oceans. Under the extreme warming scenario, the western AS shows a positive trend (0.7–0.9 °C/yr) in summer, where the basin-wide seasonal maximum in NPP is observed (400–500 mg/m3). Similarly, the rise in SST and decline in DNO3 in the upwelling-prone regions like western AS, Seychelles-Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR), and southwest AS have adversely affected the NPP in IO. Contrary to this, cooling is observed in the northern AS during winter (-0.1–0.2 °C/yr), combined with the rise in DFe concentration, favour the NPP there. A decline in NPP in the IO (-25.31 mg/yr) will adversely affect the marine food chain and biogeochemical cycles.
Synthesis and Characterization of Gamma Irradiated Polyvinyl Chloride/Graphite Carbon Nitride Nanocomposite Films for Electronic Applications
Authors: Sharaf Abdelhameed , Elhady M. A. , Abdel-Galil A. , Eladl Shaban , Nasr A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study introduces the synthesis of graphite-carbon nitrite (g-C3N4) using thermal treatment of urea. The prepared powder is treated to generate nanoparticles. The structure and grain size of the g-C3N4 have been obtained via X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and transmission electron microscope. The graphite-carbon nitride on Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC/g-C3N4) nanocomposite films were produced by mixing different concentrations (0, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 20 wt%) of nanoparticles with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) solutions. The structure and elemental composition of the prepared nanocomposites films PVC/g-C3N4 were studied by using X-ray diffractions (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), (EDX), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and electron spin resonance (ESR). Also, spectral distribution of the optical absorbance for the PVC/g-C3N4 nanocomposites films was studied in the wavelength range from 190 to 1100 nm. Thermal stability of the investigated nanocomposites films was investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis technique (TGA). The effect of various concentrations of the g-C3N4 and different doses of gamma-rays on the polymeric matrix and electrical properties of PVC film also has been investigated. The g-C3N4 additives on PVC influenced the crystal structure and optical properties of the nanocomposites films. The nanocomposite film with 10% g-C3N4 achieved higher values of the refractive index and optical conductivity compared with the other films. With different doses of gamma-ray irradiation, the crystal structure and optical properties of PVC/g-C3N4 nanocomposite films were changed in accordance to the cross-linking process within the PVC polymeric chains where a structural rearrangement can be occurred as a result of gamma irradiation. The elemental composition and morphological study of PVC/ g-C3N4 nanocomposite films have been checked by the scanning electron microscopy which indicated the homogeneous dispersion of g-C3N4 nanoparticles within PVC network. Finally, electrical properties of PVC/g-C3N4 nanocomposite films with different ratios and distinct gamma doses also have been studied.
Female Social Adaptability of the Madagascar Hissing Cockroach
Authors: Thalgott Emma , Cotter Brianna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The cognition of roaches has been a rising topic of study for behavioral psychology and entomology. As researchers have started using Madagascar Hissing Cockroaches for virology or comparative psychology, they have noted unique behavior in relationships and recognition. Female Madagascar Cockroaches show adaptability in behavior in order to fulfill the colony's social needs through the adoption of orphaned nymphs and the rise of a female alpha when lacking a male. Females were set in separate containers with three nymphs of the same species. Elliptorhina chopardi females and nymphs made up a colony lacking a male. Through behavioral observation, it was determined that females quickly took to their adopted nymphs, through proximity and anxious, defensive behavior when separated or startled. These animals raise nymphs until adulthood, and nymphs show evidence of recognition of mothers in adulthood. Females that adopt and raise nymphs adapt their behavior to raise nymphs they did not birth. The nymphs follow secure attachment and are easily handleable and social, whereas nymphs without a secure mother show no boldness. A female in a male-absent colony will eventually take on male behavior such as stilting and guarding, along with a preference for a male-specific diet. Females are highly adaptable in their roles, representing higher cognition, and that social structures are integral to the development and survival of Madagascar Cockroaches, presenting that they can be a useful tool in comparative psychology.
Upward shift of breeding sites to the remote forest streams and spatial distribution of Anopheles mosquitoes in Korea, 2022
Authors: Hong Hyelee , Eom Tae Hui , Trinh Thuy-Tien Thi , Tuan Bao Duong , Park Hyun , Yeo Seon-Ju 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Limited information is available regarding the characterization of the current Anopheles breeding site in Korea, although malaria is still endemic.
Methods
Here, we explored Anopheline adults and breeding sites at three villages (WL, Wollong-myeon; PJ, Paju-eup; MS, Munsan-eup) at Goyang city and two villages (HS, Haseong-myeon; WG, Wolgot-myeon) at Gimpo near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) in Gyeonggi-do province, Korea from May to September 2022. Besides, a natural environmental factor associated with the seasonal abundance of Anopheles larvae was recently identified. Light traps were used to monitor mosquitos in the field in villages where P. vivax malaria cases had previously been reported. Anopheles mosquito adults were used to determine species of mosquito adults by polymerase chain reaction sequencing. Collected larvae were cultured at different concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) to investigate the effect of DO on larvae development.
Results
Anopheles sinensis was the most prevalent spp, showing that An. sinensis, An. pullus, An. sineroides, An. belenrae, and An. lidesayi accounted for 41.67% (33/60), 1.67% (1/60), 3.33% (2/60), 5.00% (3/60), 3.33% (2/60), respectively, (each mosquito spp./total Anopheles adult) at WG. New breeding site of Anopheles larvae was found in a forest stream at WG and associated with the forest environment. The Anopheline mosquito larvae distribution to deeper forest zone (< 100 m from human residence) and the upward shift in the most remote littoral area of the forest stream was found in Korea. Notably, the DO was significantly higher in the forest stream than in the tap water, showing 8.45 ± 0.11 and 9.7 ± 0.17 (mean ± SD) mg/L of DO, respectively, and it was confirmed in vitro culture, implying the relevance of DO in Anopheles larvae growth.
Conclusions
This study suggests the potential retreat of Anopheline mosquito larvae distribution to deeper forest zone and thus, the implementation of control measures in forest areas across the DMZ area may be requested to eradicate malaria vectors in Korea.
Economic growth and Inequality: The Kuznets Hypothesis in high inequality African regions
Authors: Mhaka Simbarashe , Sahdev Anupa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The cohort of high inequality African regions have jointly served to restrict the aggregate decline of the African inequality, in particular the Sub-Saharan region. This article investigates the determinants of economic inequality in the African regions of high inequality. We empirically test for the Kuznets’ inverted-U curve relationship in these regions. We construct a country-year panel for Middle and Southern African countries from 2000 to 2019 and employ the fixed effect panel regression model. Our results reveal an anti-Kuznets U-shaped relationship between inequality and economic growth for both regions. The numerical estimates for all specifications are however diminutive. The results depict that the drivers for reducing economic inequality in Southern Africa region are society rights and equality - an attribute of democracy and education. In the case of Middle Africa, the drivers for reduction in inequality are domestic government health expenditure, financial globalisation, social rights and equality. The results imply that economic growth is inadequate, hence additional policy levers are required to tackle the problem of economic inequality in these regions.
JEL Classifications: D63, O4, C13
Support and information needs identified in a survey of adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Paulukonis Susan T. , Coker Niani , Brocks-Capla NeDina , Rowley Carolyn , Madrigal Daniel S. , Torres Kimble M. , Capla Antwan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Newborn screening and early treatment for sickle cell disease has dramatically improved outcomes for impacted children, but adults with the disease live with chronic and acute pain, organ damage, a high risk of mortality, and diminished quality of life. Adults’ access to quality care and knowledgeable providers is limited compared to other genetic diseases.
Adults living with the disease and associated with two community-based organizations were asked to complete a survey describing their health education and information needs with regard to sickle cell, as well as their challenges finding supportive and knowledgeable care. Nearly 600 responses were received.
Respondents describe their information needs, such as the best care providers nearby, insurance options, connections to support groups. Questions also address the utility of different types of support services, as ranked by respondents. Respondents also described actions they take when experiencing a vaso-occlusive/pain crisis and answered an open-ended question about their greatest needs to improve quality of life.
Findings suggest that support groups along with knowledgeable and compassionate care are important identified needs to those living with sickle cell disease. Respondents noted reliance on friends and family as well as social media for information about their disease. They reported that the emergency room was the primary source of medical care sought when an acute pain crisis happens. These survey results highlight the many unmet needs for adults living with sickle cell disease.
Oro-dental phenotyping and report of three families with RELT-associated amelogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Dure-Molla Muriel de La , Resende Kemelly Karolliny , Riou Margot Charlotte , Yamaguti Paulo Marcio , Fournier Benjamin , Rondeau Sophie , Pacot Laurence , Berdal Ariane , Mazzeu Juliana , Cormier-Daire Valérie , Gaucher Céline , Acevedo Ana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of rare genetic conditions characterized by quantitative and/or qualitative tooth enamel alterations. AI can manifest as an isolated trait or as part of a syndrome. Recently, five biallelic disease-causing variants in the RELT gene were identified in 7 families with autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta (ARAI). RELT encodes an orphan receptor in the tumor necrosis factor (TNFR) superfamily expressed during tooth development, with unknown function. Here, we report one Brazilian and two French families with ARAI and a distinctive hypomineralized and hypoplastic phenotype with posteruptive enamel loss, and occlusal attrition. Using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), four novel RELT variants were identified (c.120 + 1G > A, p.(?); c.120 + 1G > T, p.(?); c.193T > C, p.(Cys65Arg) and c.1260_1263dup, p.(Arg422Glyfs*5)). Our findings extend the knowledge of ARAI dental phenotypes and expand the disease-causing variants spectrum of the RELT gene.
Quicksort for Referenced Items
Authors: de champeaux dennis 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A recent experiment has convinced us that sorting native types (int, float, etc) require algorithms that differ from sorting referenced items. The former benefits from minimizing array operations (by using insertion sort for segments up to 45 length) at the expense of comparison operations (supported by the hardware), while the latter benefits from minimizing comparison operations, which can be arbitrary expensive. Most experimental research in the preceding 60 years used sorting integer arrays and observing swap counts instead of comparison counts. We present several one- and three-pivot versions for sorting referenced items. These versions: • have guaranteed NlogN performance (ignoring cache congestions), • have linear complexity on constant arrays, • are hybrids with four members dealing with different segment ranges, one of them is also responsible for ‘difficult’ segments and heapsort for when the recursion depth is too high, • use a novel technique to obtain better pivots, which reduces the timings substantially, • outperform all versions we have identified for referenced items, and • have comparison counts for sorting uniform distributions that are close to the theoretical minimum. One of our experiments challenges the viability of multi-pivot Quicksort.
Simulating with a Combination of RUSLE GIS and Sediment Delivery Ratio for Soil Restoration
Authors: Öztürk Arif , Özcan Ali Uğur , Aytaş İbrahim , Tuttu Gamze , Gülçin Derya , Mongil-Manso Jorge , Rincón Víctor , Velázquez Javier 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Erosion by water is the main cause of land degradation. Landscapes degraded by erosion need to be restored in many respects, and particularly in terms of ecosystem services. From an economic and management perspective, care is needed to select priority areas and determine the means to be applied to restore them. Globally, the model most commonly used to produce scenarios for the prevention of soil losses is the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). This study of the subbasin of the Sulakyurt Dam Basin in Turkey aims (1) to identify the distribution of soil losses over time and by location, and (2) to grade the priority areas for the prevention of soil losses by means of a simulation. The average potential soil losses in the area under study are estimated at 42.35 t ha−1 year−1, and the average actual losses at 39.49 t ha−1 year−1. According to the simulation, 27.61% of the study area (2782 ha) is of the highest priority for soil restoration. In our study, forests have the highest soil losses, which is contrary to the natural protection that forests provide against erosion; however, this is mainly due to topographic aspects that influence soil losses. Of the forest areas, 41.74% (1766 ha) falls within the areas of highest priority. The study serves as a guide for landscape planning and the determination of erosion risk in restoration efforts, and for identifying the methods to be adopted during the restoration work to reduce the loss of soil.
High screen time and internalizing and externalizing behaviours among children aged 3 to 14 years during the COVID-19 Pandemic in France
Authors: Descarpentry Arthur , Melchior Maria , Galera Cédric , Hazo Jean-Baptiste , Falissard Bruno , Warszawski Josiane , Davisse-Paturet Camille , Rouquette Alexandra , group EpiCoV study 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective Children's screen time increased as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In summer 2021 we explored the association between high screen time over a period of one year since May 2020 and behavioural problems among children and adolescents.
Methods The data was derived from the French EpiCov cohort study, collected in spring 2020, autumn 2020, and spring 2021. Participants (N=1,089) responded to online or telephone interviews about one of their children aged 3 to 14 years. Screen time was categorized as high if the daily mean screen time exceeded recommendations at each collection time. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was completed by parents to identify internalizing (emotional or peer problems) and externalizing (conduct problems or hyperactivity/inattention) behaviours in their children.
Results Internalizing behaviours: No interaction was highlighted between children's age and high screen time. High screen time was not associated with internalizing behaviours (OR [95% CI]: 1.20 [0.90-1.59]) while it was associated with peer problems (1.42 [1.04-1.95]).
Externalizing behaviours: there was an interaction of children's age in the relationship between high screen time and externalizing behaviours. High screen time was associated with externalizing problems (1.63 [1.01-2.63]) and conduct problems (1.91 [1.15-3.22]) only among older children aged 11 to 14 years.
Conclusion This study found that persistent high screen time over one year after the onset of the pandemic was associated with peer problems among children aged 3-14 years and externalizing and conduct problems among 11-14-year-olds. Despite this very specific context, exposure to screens is not negligible.