bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing four-dimensional CT stress maps derived from patient-specific biomechanical models of the lung with pulmonary function test data in lung cancer patients
Authors: Shiinoki Takehiro , Fujimoto Koya , Kawazoe Yusuke , Yuasa Yuki , Kajima Miki , Manabe Yuki , Hirano Tsunahiko , Matsunaga Kazuto , Tanaka Hidekazu 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
This study aims to retrospectively compare the stress map of the lung with pulmonary function test (PFT) results in lung cancer patients and to evaluate the potential of the stress map as an imaging biomarker for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods:
25 lung cancer patients with pre-treatment four-dimensional CT (4DCT) and PFT data were retrospectively analysed. PFT metrics were used to diagnose obstructive lung disease. For each patient, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 % predicted) and the ratio of FEV1 and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) were recorded. 4DCT and biomechanical model-deformable image registration (BM-DIR) were used to obtain the lung stress map. The relationship between the mean of the total lung stress and PFT data was evaluated, and the COPD classification grade was also evaluated.

Results:
The mean values of the total lung stress and FEV1 % predicted showed a significant strong correlation [R = 0.833, (p &lt; 0.001)]. The mean values and FEV1/FVC showed a significant strong correlation [R = 0.805, (p &lt; 0.001)]. For the total lung stress, the area under the curve and the optimal cut-off value were 0.94 and 510.8 Pa for the classification of normal or abnormal lung function, respectively.

Conclusion:
This study has demonstrated the potential of lung stress maps based on BM-DIR to accurately assess lung function by comparing them with PFT data.

Advances in knowledge:
The derivation of stress map directly from 4DCT is novel method. The BM-DIR-based lung stress map can provide an accurate assessment of lung function.
Feasibility of a deep learning algorithm to achieve the low-dose 68Ga-FAPI/the fast-scan PET images: a multicenter study
Authors: Liu Lin , Chen Xingyu , Wan Liwen , Zhang Na , Hu Ruibao , Li Wenbo , Liu Shengping , Zhu Yan , Pang Hua , Liang Dong , Chen Yue , Hu Zhanli 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Our work aims to study the feasibility of a deep learning algorithm to reduce the 68Ga-FAPI radiotracer injected activity and/or shorten the scanning time and to investigate its effects on image quality and lesion detection ability.

Methods:
The data of 130 patients who underwent 68Ga-FAPI positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in two centers were studied. Predicted full-dose images (DL-22%, DL-28% and DL-33%) were obtained from three groups of low-dose images using a deep learning method and compared with the standard-dose images (raw data). Injection activity for full-dose images was 2.16 ± 0.61 MBq/kg. The quality of the predicted full-dose PET images was subjectively evaluated by two nuclear physicians using a 5-point Likert scale, and objectively evaluated by the peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index and root mean square error. The maximum standardized uptake value and the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) were used to quantitatively analyze the four volumes of interest (the brain, liver, left lung and right lung) and all lesions, and the lesion detection rate was calculated.

Results:
Data showed that the DL-33% images of the two test data sets met the clinical diagnosis requirements, and the overall lesion detection rate of the two centers reached 95.9%.

Conclusion:
Through deep learning, we demonstrated that reducing the 68Ga-FAPI injected activity and/or shortening the scanning time in PET/CT imaging was feasible. In addition, 68Ga-FAPI dose as low as 33% of the standard dose maintained acceptable image quality.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first study of low-dose 68Ga-FAPI PET images from two centers using a deep learning algorithm.
Advances in the study of biomarkers related to bone metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Xu Dongcheng , Tang Mingxing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer is by far the most common malignancy in females. And bone is the most common site of distant metastasis in breast cancer, accounting for about 65 to 75% of all metastatic breast cancer patients.1,2Bone metastasis is an important factor affecting the prognosis of breast cancer. When patients have early-stage breast cancer without metastasis, their 5-year survival rate is as high as 90%, and once metastasis occurs, their 5-year survival rate will drop to 10%.3 Bone radionuclide imaging (ECT), X-ray, CT scan, MRI and other imaging tests to diagnose breast cancer bone metastasis are commonly used in clinical, It is currently believed that breast cancer bone metastasis is a multistep process: first, breast cancer cells need to acquire invasive and metastatic properties; breast cancer cells enter the blood circulation and migrate from blood breast cancer cells enter the blood circulation and migrate from blood vessels to bone tissue in a targeted manner; breast cancer cells adhere and remain in bone tissue and colonise it; and finally, it leads to bone destruction.4 Several key molecules are involved in breast cancer bone metastasis, and serum biomarkers are generally able to detect pathological changes earlier Several key molecules are involved in breast cancer bone metastasis, and serum biomarkers are generally able to detect pathological changes earlier than imaging.5 This review describes the progress of serum biomarkers for breast cancer bone metastasis.
Diffusion-weighted and diffusion kurtosis imaging analysis of microstructural differences in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a comparative study
Authors: Zou Jinzhao , Ye Jing , Zhu Wenrong , Wu Jingtao , Chen Wenxin , Chen Rui , Zhu Qingqiang 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
To quantitatively compare the diagnostic values of conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) analysis of microstructural differences for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CRCC).

Methods:
A total of 108 patients with pathologically confirmed CRCC, including 38 Grade I, 37 Grade II, 18 Grade III and 15 Grade IV, were enrolled and divided into groups according to tumor grade [low grade (Ⅰ+Ⅱ, n = 75) and high grade (Ⅲ+Ⅳ, n = 33)]. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mean diffusivity (MD), mean kurtosis (MK), kurtosis anisotropy (KA) and radial kurtosis (RK) were performed.

Results:
Both the ADC (r = −0.803) and MD (−0.867) values showed a negative correlation with tumor grading (p &lt; 0.05) and MK (r = 0.812), KA (0.816) and RK (0.853) values a positive correlation with tumor grading (p &lt; 0.05). Mean FA values showed no significant differences among CRCC grades (p &gt; 0.05). ROC curve analyses showed that MD values had the highest diagnostic efficacy in differentiating low/high and Ⅱ/Ⅲ tumor grading. MD values gave AUC: 0.937 (0.896); sensitivity: 92.0% (86.5%); specificity: 78.8% (77.8%) and accuracy: 90.7% (87.3%). ADC performed worse than MD, MK, KA or RK (all p &lt; 0.05) during pair-wise comparisons of ROC curves to show diagnostic efficacy.

Conclusion:
DKI analysis performs better than ADC in differentiating CRCC grading.

Advances in knowledge:
Both the ADC and MD values correlated negatively with CRCC grading.
The MK, KA and RK values correlated positively with CRCC grading.
MD values had the highest diagnostic efficacy in differentiating low/high and Ⅱ/Ⅲ CRCC grading.
Radiomics and Ki-67 index predict survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Tong , Ming Ying , Xu Jingxu , Jin Ke , Huang Chencui , Duan Mingguang , Li Kaiguo , Liu Yuanwei , Lv Yonghui , Zhang Jie , Huang Zhaoqin 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
To develop and validate predictive models based on Ki-67 index, radiomics, and Ki-67 index combined with radiomics for survival analysis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Methods:
This study enrolled 148 patients who were pathologically diagnosed as ccRCC between March 2010 and December 2018 at our institute. All tissue sections were collected and immunohistochemical staining was performed to calculate Ki-67 index. All patients were randomly divided into the training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. Regions of interests (ROIs) were segmented manually. Radiomics features were selected from ROIs in unenhanced, corticomedullary, and nephrographic phases. Multivariate Cox models based on the Ki-67 index and radiomics and univariate Cox models based on the Ki-67 index or radiomics alone were built; the predictive power was evaluated by the concordance (C)-index, integrated area under the curve, and integrated Brier Score.

Results:
Five features were selected to establish the prediction models of radiomics and combined model. The C-indexes of Ki-67 index model, radiomics model, and combined model were 0.741, 0.718, and 0.782 for disease-free survival (DFS); 0.941, 0.866, and 0.963 for overall survival, respectively. The predictive power of combined model was the best in both training and validation sets.

Conclusion:
The survival prediction performance of combined model was better than Ki-67 model or radiomics model. The combined model is a promising tool for predicting the prognosis of patients with ccRCC in the future.

Advances in knowledge:
Both Ki-67 and radiomics have showed giant potential in prognosis prediction. There are few studies to investigate the predictive ability of Ki-67 combined with radiomics. This study intended to build a combined model and provide a reliable prognosis for ccRCC in clinical practice.
The value of gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT in the detection of thyroid cancer lesions: a prospective head-to-head comparison
Authors: Shi Yangrui , Feng Yuyue , Xu Lu , Li Wenbo , Guan Lili , Zuo Rui , Liu Shuang , Pang Hua , Wang Zhengjie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
Thyroid cancer is increasing in incidence. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted radionuclide imaging and treatment demonstrated remarkable value in prostate cancer patients. Studies have shown that PSMA is also expressed in thyroid cancer. Our purpose is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

Methods
We enrolled 23 DTC and 17 RAIR-DTC patients prospectively. All patients underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT. PSMA expression was determined by immunohistochemistry on histological samples of lymphatic metastasis of 12 patients. We compared the detection rates and semi-quantitative parameters between [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11PET/CT and 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT.

Results
A total of 72 lesions were detected. Detection rates of DTC and RAIR-DTC by [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT were lower than those by 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT (60.00% vs. 90.00%, P = .004; 59.38% vs. 96.88%). Compared with DTC, RAIR-DTC had higher semi-quantitative parameters of 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT. There was no significant difference in semi-quantitative parameters of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT between DTC and RAIR-DTC. Immunohistochemistry showed a significantly higher PSMA expression for RAIR-DTC than for DTC. However, there was no significant correlation between PSMA expression and SUVmax on 68Ga-PSMA [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

Conclusions
[68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT can detect thyroid cancer metastases but its detection rate was lower than that of 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT. There was a difference in PSMA expression levels between DTC and RAIR-DTC, but the difference was not reflected on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

Advances in knowledge
[68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT has potential value in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT could screen out patients who may benefit from PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy.
An Overview of Basic Concepts of Finite Element Analysis and Its Applications in Orthodontics
Authors: Rastegari Shafagh , Hosseini Seyed Majid , Hasani Mojtaba , Jamilian Abdolreza 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of this article is to acquaint the readers with the aims and goals of the finite element method and how to use it in dentistry and especially in orthodontics.
Methods: The finite element method (FEM) has shown to be a beneficial research tool that has assisted scientists in various analyses such as stress-strain, heat transfer, dynamic, collision, and deformation analyses. The FEM is responsible for predicting the behavior of objects under different working conditions. It is a computational procedure to measure the stress in an element, which performs a model solution to solve a problem; the FEM subdivides a large system into smaller, simpler parts called finite elements. This is achieved by a particular space discretization in the space dimensions, which is implemented by the construction of a mesh of the object. The technique of FEA lies in the development of a suitable mesh arrangement.
Conclusions: The FEM can be effective in understanding the behavior of teeth, both jaws, craniofacial structure, and other hard tissue structures of humans under various working conditions, as the technique allows for evaluating tooth movement and the stress distribution within the surrounding alveolar bone, the periodontal ligament (PDL). This technique is exceptionally valuable for evaluating mechanical aspects of biomaterials and human tissues that can hardly be measured in vivo. This review article presents the FEM, its methodology, and its application in the orthodontic domain.
Raum- und siedlungsstrukturelle Probleme und Konzepte für die peripheren ländlichen Gebiete im Lande Brandenburg
Authors: Diller Christian , Hübler Karl-Hermann 
Published: July 2023

Nach einer Bezeichnung der peripheren Gebiete Brandenburgs werden in dem Beitrag die Ausgangssituation und die Entwicklungsperspektiven dieser Regionen skizziert. Diese Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten werden vor dem Hintergrund der Standortsituation, der Potentiale und der Abwanderungen skeptisch eingeschätzt. Sodann werden zwei in Brandenburg favorisierte Entwicklungsmodelle – zentrale Orte und Entwicklungszentren – vorgestellt und kritisch beleuchtet. Schließlich wird im Schlußteil des Beitrags für eine stärkere regionale Betrachtungsweise und für eine Neudefinition der Norm „der Schaffung von gleichwertigen Lebensbedingungen in allen Teilräumen“ plädiert.
Citraan dan Majas dalam Lirik Lagu "Harehare Ya" Karya Maigo Hanyuu Kajian Stilistika
Authors: Hastuti Nur , Ayuni Sri Rezeki 
Published: July 2023

Song lyrics are part of the music. Music is made up of rhythm, time signature, harmony and melody. Song lyrics act as one of the elements in the main melody in a music. This study aims to describe the images and figure of speech in the lyrics of the song harehare ya by Maigo Hanyuu. The method used in this study uses stylistic studies as an analytical tool. The data used in this study are the lyrics of the song harehare ya by Maigo Hanyuu. The theory used is Hermintoyo's imagery theory and Seto Kenichi's figure of speech theory. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that in the lyrics of the song harehare ya by Maigo Hanyuu, imagery and figurative language are found. There are four imagery in the lyrics of this song, namely, imagery of sight, hearing, movement, and feeling. In the lyrics of this song, there are also many figurative language of affirmation dominated by repetition. There are nine repetition figures of speech in the lyrics of this song, and rhetorical figures of speech in the lyrics of this song are two.Keywords: Figure of speech, harehare ya, imagery, song lyrics
Perilaku Bullying dalam Drama 3 Nen a Gimi: Ima Kara Mina-san wa, Hitojichi desu, karya Komura Naoko dan Suzuki Yuma
Authors: Pratama Oktaviani Nindi , Lusiana Yusida , Kadafi Muammar 
Published: July 2023

This research aims to analyze the forms of bullying and the factors that cause bullying in 3 Nen A Gumi: Ima Kara Mina-san wa, Hitojichi Desu drama by Komuro Naoko and Suzuki Yuma. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Screenshot of scenes and dialogues are used as data sources. This research is a sociological study of literature. The data retrieval method uses reading and note-taking technique. Data analysis techniques are presented descriptively. The theory used for the analysis is theory of bullying by Coloroso. The conclusion of the analysis shows that in this drama there are four forms of bullying, including verbal bullying, physical bullying, relational bullying, and cyberbullying. The most common form of bullying is verbal bullying. Morever, there are two factors that cause bullying, that is peer factor and social environmental conditions.
Harnessing the Power of Infographics in Education
Authors: Sobhana Nandyal Panduranga 
Published: July 2023

Infographics are visual representations of knowledge or data meant to present complex information quickly and clearly. They use pictures, diagrams, maps, charts, graphs, and statistics to present information. They often prove effective in educational contexts as they use imagery to highlight, explain, or enhance text-based information. They capture attention, convey information, and encourage data retention among learners. This study was an ardent effort towards using static infographics in English linguistic contexts to know the students’ perceptions and attitudes as infographics is still a new trend in education. The sample comprised 70 female undergraduate students of the Department of English, Samtah University College, Jazan University. A structured questionnaire was adapted to meet the requirements of the study. The results revealed that using infographics as a teaching strategy motivates students to become active participants in the classes to comprehend the relationship between the graphics and data. Using infographics as a learning strategy inspires students to learn from their peers and as an assessment tool, drives them to introspect themselves to improve their oral presentations/assignments/course projects. The students develop critical thinking, analytical ability, logical reasoning, collaborative learning, and information analysis. Summing up this study, it is recommended that university students should enhance their digital awareness and willingness to use infographics in learning contexts. It is suggested that if the teachers support, facilitate, and encourage Saudi students to use infographics they would become autonomous learners and be successful in their academic endeavors.
Modeling the impact of land use/land cover change on soil erosion: in Suluh River Basin, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Entahabu Hailay Hagos , Minale Amare Sewnet , Birhane Emiru 
Published: July 2023

<p><span lang="EN-US">The <em>Suluh</em> river basin is subjected to soil erosion due to land use and land cover change. Yet, the impact of land use/land cover change soil erosion has not been applied in the study area. Thus, the current study focused on the modeling of the impact of land use/land cover changes on soil erosion in the <em>Suluh</em> river basin, the northern highland part of Ethiopia. Landsat image data sources were used to achieve the objectives. Ancillary data was also used. The nearest neighbor's fuzzy way of classification and the land change modeler for modeling, and the revised universal soil loss equation model for estimating the soil erosion rate were employed. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The study's findings confirmed that cultivated land, bare land, and built-up areas significantly increased while areas occupied by natural vegetation such as forest land, shrub lands, and grazing lands decreased at a rapid rate in between 1990 to 2018. The predicted results suggest the continuation of the trend up to 2048 if business as usual is continued. The annual mean of soil lost in the study area was about 36.31, 43.32, and 47.78 in the years 1990, 2002, 2018, and will be 56.54, and 71.62 tons per hectare per year in 2028, and 2048, respectively. When we consider 15 t ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> as the maximum tolerable soil loss (TSL) rate for ease of presentation, the areas above the TSL have increased from 88.3% in 1990 to 88.6% in 2002 and to 89.6% in 2018, and are expected to increase to 89.9% and 99.8% in 2028 and 2048 periods, respectively. Thus, land use and land cover change information and its impact on soil erosion should be taken under consideration by land use planners to apply sustainable land management activities in the <em>Suluh</em> river basin.</span></p>
The Analysis of Factors Affecting Original Local Government Revenue in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Shofura Annisa , Setyadharma Andryan 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of capital expenditure, investment, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of the primary sector, GRDP of secondary sector, and GRDP of tertiary sector on original local government revenue in Eastern Indonesia. This researchs is a quantitative research using secondary data. The research model is estimated using the Weighted Least Square (WLS) method to overcome the classical assumption problems that occur in the model. The results obtained from this study are: (1) Capital expenditure has an effect on original local government revenue, (2) Investment has no effect on original local government revenue, (3) GRDP of primary sector has an effect on original local government revenue, (4) GRDP of secondary sector has an effect on original local government revenue, (5) GRDP of tertiary sector has an effect on original local government revenue.
Da(ny) goes (auto)graphic
Authors: Brüske Anne 
Published: July 2023

Dans ma contribution, je me propose d’étudier la question de l’adoption de nouvelles formes médiales chez Laferrière qui l’amène à recourir au genre hybride du roman graphique, situé à mi-chemin entre littérature et art visuel. Partant de l’exemple de Vers d’autres rives (2019), mon analyse portera sur la fonction de ce revirement pour le projet laferrien et sur les déplacements qui en résultent pour la relation entre la production autofictionnelle et son positionnement par rapport à différents espaces et différentes villes. Comment le discours des romans graphiques évolue-t-il en ce qui concerne l’espace et l’appartenance culturelle de l’artiste ? Pour répondre à de telles questions, je présenterai premièrement l’œuvre autofictionnelle de Laferrière pour ensuite situer ses « romans dessinés » dans le contexte québécois et haïtien, et partagerai enfin quelques réflexions concernant le récit « autographique » (Whitlock 2006) ainsi que la façon dont il construit, par le biais de l’écriture et des images, l’espace social et médial du récit. La dernière partie sera consacrée à l’analyse de Vers d’autres rives sous l’angle de l’autoreprésentation, des espaces socioculturels et de l’apport de l’intermédial aux réflexions autofictionnelles, spatiales et poétologiques de Laferrière.