bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predisposing factors for allogeneic blood transfusion in patients with ankylosing spondylitis undergoing primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty: a retrospective study
Authors: Bian Tao , Zhang Liang , Man Siliang , Li Hongchao , Dou Yong , Zhou Yixin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The transfusion rate is relatively high in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, relevant studies focusing on the predisposing factors for transfusion with a large sample size are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for allogeneic blood transfusion in patients with AS undergoing primary unilateral THA.

Methods
This retrospective study included 331 patients with AS who underwent primary unilateral THA between 2011 and 2021. Relevant parameters were collected through a chart review. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify possible factors associated with perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion.

Results
A total of 113 (34.1%) patients received perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions. Factors related to receiving an allogeneic blood transfusion included prolonged operative duration (odds ratio [OR] per 10 min = 1.139, P = 0.047), increased estimated intraoperative blood loss (OR per 100 mL = 1.348, P < 0.001), and increased postoperative drainage volume (OR per 100 mL = 1.235, P = 0.024). A higher body mass index (BMI) (OR = 0.914, P = 0.012), perioperative tranexamic acid (TXA) use (OR = 0.166, P < 0.001), and a higher preoperative hemoglobin level (OR per 1 g/dL = 0.744, P = 0.004) decreased the risk of transfusion.

Conclusions
In patients with AS undergoing THA, prolonged operative duration, increased estimated intraoperative blood loss, and increased postoperative drainage volume were found to be risk factors for transfusion, whereas a higher BMI, perioperative TXA use, and a higher preoperative hemoglobin level were protective factors. These results may aid in developing a better perioperative management strategy, ultimately reducing the need for transfusion.
APOE effects on regional tau in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Young Christina B. , Johns Emily , Kennedy Gabriel , Belloy Michael E. , Insel Philip S. , Greicius Michael D. , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith A. , Poston Kathleen L. , Mormino Elizabeth C. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   the A4 Study Team
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
APOE variants are strongly associated with abnormal amyloid aggregation and additional direct effects of APOE on tau aggregation are reported in animal and human cell models. The degree to which these effects are present in humans when individuals are clinically unimpaired (CU) but have abnormal amyloid (Aβ+) remains unclear.

Methods
We analyzed data from CU individuals in the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic AD (A4) and Longitudinal Evaluation of Amyloid Risk and Neurodegeneration (LEARN) studies. Amyloid PET data were available for 4486 participants (3163 Aβ-, 1323 Aβ+) and tau PET data were available for a subset of 447 participants (55 Aβ-, 392 Aβ+). Linear models examined APOE (number of e2 and e4 alleles) associations with global amyloid and regional tau burden in medial temporal lobe (entorhinal, amygdala) and early neocortical regions (inferior temporal, inferior parietal, precuneus). Consistency of APOE4 effects on regional tau were examined in 220 Aβ + CU and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Results
APOE2 and APOE4 were associated with lower and higher amyloid positivity rates, respectively. Among Aβ+ CU, e2 and e4 were associated with reduced (−12 centiloids per allele) and greater (+15 centiloids per allele) continuous amyloid burden, respectively. APOE2 was associated with reduced regional tau in all regions (-0.05 to -0.09 SUVR per allele), whereas APOE4 was associated with greater regional tau (+0.02 to +0.07 SUVR per allele). APOE differences were confirmed by contrasting e3/e3 with e2/e3 and e3/e4. Mediation analyses among Aβ+ s showed that direct effects of e2 on regional tau were present in medial temporal lobe and early neocortical regions, beyond an indirect pathway mediated by continuous amyloid burden. For e4, direct effects on regional tau were only significant in medial temporal lobe. The magnitude of protective e2 effects on regional tau was consistent across brain regions, whereas detrimental e4 effects were greatest in medial temporal lobe. APOE4 patterns were confirmed in Aβ+ ADNI participants.

Conclusions
APOE influences early regional tau PET burden, above and beyond effects related to cross-sectional amyloid PET burden. Therapeutic strategies targeting underlying mechanisms related to APOE may modify tau accumulation among Aβ+ individuals.
Randomized controlled trial evaluating a virtual parenting intervention for young children at risk of obesity: study protocol for Parenting Addressing Early Years Intervention with Coaching Visits in Toronto (PARENT) trial
Authors: Rae Sarah , Maguire Jonathon , Aglipay Mary , Barwick Melanie , Danavan Karoon , Haines Jess , Jenkins Jennifer , Klaassen Marie , Moretti Myla E. , Ong Frank , Persaud Nav , Porepa Michelle , Straus Sharon , Tavares Erika , Willan Andrew , Birken Catherine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of overweight (15%) and obesity (6%) in children under 5 years of age in Canada are high, and young children with overweight and obesity are at increased risk of the development of chronic disease(s) in adulthood. Prior research has demonstrated very few published trials on effective obesity prevention interventions in young children at risk of obesity, within primary healthcare settings. The aim of this study is to determine if 18–48-month-old children at risk for obesity, who are randomized to receive the Parents Together program (i.e., intervention group), have reduced body mass index z-score (zBMI), compared to those not receiving the intervention, at a 12-month follow-up. Secondary clinical outcomes between the intervention and control groups will be compared at 12 months.

Methods
A pragmatic, parallel group, 1:1, superiority, randomized control trial (RCT) through the TARGetKids! Practice Based Research Network will be conducted. Young children (ages 18–48 months) who are at increased risk for childhood obesity will be invited to participate. Parents who are enrolled in the intervention group will participate in eight weekly group sessions and 4–5 coaching visits, facilitated by a trained public health nurse. Children and parents who are enrolled in the control group will receive the usual health care. The primary outcome will be compared between intervention arms using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Feasibility and acceptability will be assessed by parent focus groups and interviews, and fidelity to the intervention will be measured using nurse-completed checklists. A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) will be conducted.

Discussion
This study will aim to reflect the social, cultural, and geographic diversity of children in primary care in Toronto, Ontario, represented by an innovative collaboration among applied child health researchers, community health researchers, and primary care providers (i.e., pediatricians and family physicians in three different models of primary care). Clinical and implementation outcomes will be used to inform future research to test this intervention in a larger number, and diverse practices across diverse geographic settings in Ontario.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03219697. Registered on June 27, 2017.
Family wellbeing in general practice: a study protocol for a cluster-randomised trial of the web-based resilience programme on early child development
Authors: Overbeck Gritt , Kragstrup Jakob , Gørtz Mette , Rasmussen Ida Scheel , Graungaard Anette Hauskov , Siersma Volkert , de Voss Sarah , Ertmann Ruth Kirk , Shahrzad Sinead , Appel Clara Lundmark , Wilson Philip 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background

Social, emotional and behavioural problems in early childhood are associated with increased risk for a wide range of poor outcomes associated with substantial cost and impact on society as a whole. Some of these problems are rooted in the early mother-infant relationship and might be prevented. In Denmark, primary health care has a central role in preventive care during pregnancy and the first years of the child’s life and general practice provides opportunities to promote a healthy mother-infant relationship in early parenthood.

Objective
In the context of standardised antenatal and child development assessments focused on psychosocial wellbeing, we examine the impact of a complex intervention designed to improve maternal mentalisation skills, involving training of general practice clinicians and signposting towards a web-based resource. Joint main outcomes are child socio-emotional and language development at age 30 months measured by parentally reported questionnaires (Communicative Development Inventory and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire).

Methods
The study is a cluster-randomised controlled trial based in general practices in the Capital Region and the Zealand Region of Denmark. Seventy practices were included. Practices were randomised by a computer algorithm in a ratio of 1:1 to intervention or control groups. Each practice was asked to recruit up to 30 women consecutively at their first scheduled antenatal assessment. Clinicians in both groups received one day of training in preventive antenatal and child development consultations with added focus on parental psychosocial well-being, social support, and parent–child interaction. These preventive consultations delivered in both trial arms require enhanced data recording about psychosocial factors. In intervention clinics, clinicians were asked to signpost a web page at three scheduled antenatal consultations and at four scheduled consultations when the child is 5 weeks, 5 months, 1 and 2 years.

Discussion
We hypothesise that the intervention will increase mothers’ ability to be sensitive to their child’s mental state to an extent that improves the child’s language and mental state at 30 months of age measured by parent-reported questionnaires.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04129359. Registered on Oct 16 2019.
Cell phenotype changes and oxidative stress response in Vibrio spp. induced into viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state
Authors: Prosdocimi Erica M. , Arioli Stefania , Mapelli Francesca , Zeaiter Zahraa , Fusi Marco , Daffonchio Daniele , Borin Sara , Crotti Elena 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Aquatic bacteria of the genus Vibrio include animal and human pathogens. The occurrence of Vibrio-related diseases has been associated with the current climate change-driven increase of sea surface temperature. Vibrio spp. can enter into the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state, as a consequence of starvation in seawater at low temperatures. In such physiological state, Vibrio cells are no longer culturable on standard media agar plates but can resuscitate if incubated at 30 °C prior to plating, retaining virulence. Since limited information is available on regards to this topic, in this work, we characterized the phenotypic changes of four Vibrio spp. strains (one laboratory strain and three environmental isolates) in cold seawater microcosms, investigating the relationship between resuscitation and a hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress.

Methods
Cell phenotypic changes and the effect of hydrogen peroxide and/or catalase addition to the medium were studied on VBNC and resuscitated cells by flow cytometry in microcosm experiments, paralleled by culturability experiments by plating.

Results
The cells of all the Vibrio strains changed their phenotype upon the induction of the VBNC state resulting in cell dwarfing and decrease in DNA quantity, losing the ability to grow on solid media. These features were partially or totally reverted when the cells were treated for resuscitation. Hydrogen peroxide at concentrations as low as 0.007 mM prevented resuscitation and a prolonged exposure to hydrogen peroxide at concentrations far under those inhibiting the growth of log-phase cells permanently damaged VBNC cells, which could not be resuscitated. However, the potential of culturability of VBNC cells could be preserved, at least for a part of the population, by plating the cells in the presence of catalase. The study also showed that during the resuscitation process, the cells gradually increased their resistance to hydrogen peroxide.

Conclusions
The timing and mode of induction of the VBNC state, as well as cell resuscitation and response to hydrogen peroxide, differed among Vibrio strains, indicating that induction and resuscitation from dormancy could vary in the context of species belonging to a single genus.
Single-cell DNA methylation sequencing by combinatorial indexing and enzymatic DNA methylation conversion
Authors: Chatterton Zac , Lamichhane Praves , Ahmadi Rastegar Diba , Fitzpatrick Lauren , Lebhar Hélène , Marquis Christopher , Halliday Glenda , Kwok John B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
DNA methylation is a critical molecular mark involved in cellular differentiation and cell-specific processes. Single-cell whole genome DNA methylation profiling methods hold great potential to resolve the DNA methylation profiles of individual cell-types. Here we present a method that couples single-cell combinatorial indexing (sci) with enzymatic conversion (sciEM) of unmethylated cytosines.

Results
The sciEM method facilitates DNA methylation profiling of single-cells that is highly correlated with single-cell bisulfite-based workflows (r2 > 0.99) whilst improving sequencing alignment rates, reducing adapter contamination and over-estimation of DNA methylation levels (CpG and non-CpG). As proof-of-concept we perform sciEM analysis of the temporal lobe, motor cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of the human brain to resolve single-cell DNA methylation of all major cell-types.

Conclusion
To our knowledge sciEM represents the first non-bisulfite single-cell DNA methylation sequencing approach with single-base resolution.
Multi-sensor tracking with partly overlapping FoV using detection field of probability modeling and the GLMB filter
Authors: Liu Weifeng , Liu Qiliang , Chen Yimei , Cui Hailong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider multi-sensor with partly overlapping field of view (FoV) in the labeled random finite set (L-RFS) framework. This is different from most existing multi-sensor tracking algorithms, where the sensors are assumed to have the same FoV. We describe the partly overlapping FoV by modeling probability field of detection for individual sensors in whole observation area and can be seen as the same range of FoV. We consider all these using generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter in labeled RFS framework. Besides, we also propose a measurement-driven target birth model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by experiments.
A meta-analysis on the effects of probiotics on the performance of pre-weaning dairy calves
Authors: Wang Liyun , Sun Honghong , Gao Haixu , Xia Yaohui , Zan Linsen , Zhao Chunping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Probiotics have been used in livestock production for many years, but information on their benefits during the early life of calves is inconsistent. This study aimed to assess the effects of probiotics on the performance of pre-weaning dairy calves and identify the factors influencing their effect sizes.

Results
Forty-nine studies were selected for meta-analysis based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study qualities were evaluated using a predefined risk assessment tool following GRADE guidelines. Meta-analysis results showed that probiotics increased the growth performance (body weight by 1.988 kg and average daily gain by 40.689 g/d), decreased digestibility and feed efficiency (feed conversion rate by 0.073), altered rumen parameter (decreased acetate by 2.815 mmol/L and increased butyrate by 0.788 mmol/L), altered blood parameter (decreased AST by 4.188 U/L, increased BHBA by 0.029 mmol/L and IgG by 0.698 g/L), increased faecal parameter (faecal bacteria counts by 0.680 log10 CFU/g), based on the strict criteria (PSMD < 0.05, I2 < 50%). Additionally, probiotics increased digestibility and feed efficiency (starter dry matter intake by 0.034 kg/d and total dry matter intake by 0.020 kg/d), altered blood parameter (increased IgA by 0.313 g/L, IgM by 0.262 g/L, and total antioxidant capacity by 0.441 U/mL, decreased MDA by 0.404 nmol/mL), decreased faecal parameter (faecal score by 0.052), based on the loose criteria (PSMD < 0.05, I2 > 50%).
Regression and sub-group analyses showed that probiotic strains, supplementation dosage, and methods significantly affected the performance of calves. The probiotics supplied with more than 9.5 log10 CFU/d significantly increased IgA and IgM contents (PSMD < 0.05). Additionally, the compound probiotics significantly increased TDMI, IgA, and IgM (PSMD ≤ 0.001). Furthermore, probiotics supplemented in liquid (whole milk or milk replacer) significantly increased TDMI and decreased faecal score (PSMD < 0.05), while in whole milk, they significantly increased body weight, IgA, and IgM (PSMD < 0.001).

Conclusions
Probiotics could improve the growth performance, feed intake and efficiency, rumen fermentation, immune and antioxidant capacity, and health of pre-weaning calves. However, the effect sizes were related to the dosage, composition, and supplementation methods of probiotics.
Variability of radiotherapy volume delineation: PSMA PET/MRI and MRI based clinical target volume and lymph node target volume for high-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Liu Lin-Lin , Zhu Lei-Lei , Lu Zhen-Guo , Sun Jun-Die , Zhao Jun , Wang Hai-Feng , Xiang Zuo-Lin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A comparative retrospective study to assess the impact of PSMA Ligand PET/MRI ([68 Ga]-Ga-PSMA-11 and [18F]-F-PSMA-1007 PET/MRI) as a new method of target delineation compared to conventional imaging on whole-pelvis radiotherapy for high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

Patients and methods
Forty-nine patients with primary high-risk PCa completed the whole-pelvis radiotherapy plan based on PSMA PET/MRI and MRI. The primary endpoint compared the size and overlap of clinical target volume (CTV) and nodal gross tumour volume (GTVn) based on PSMA PET/MRI and MRI. The diagnostic performance of two methods for pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) was evaluated.

Results
In the radiotherapy planning for high-risk PCa patients, there was a significant correlation between MRI-CTV and PET/MRI-CTV (P = 0.005), as well as between MRI-GTVn and PET/MRI-GTVn (P < 0.001). There are non-significant differences in the CTV and GTVn based on MRI and PET/MRI images (P = 0.660, P = 0.650, respectively). The conformity index (CI), lesion coverage factor (LCF) and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of CTVs were 0.999, 0.953 and 0.954. The CI, LCF and DSC of GTVns were 0.927, 0.284, and 0.32. Based on pathological lymph node analysis of 463 lymph nodes from 37 patients, the sensitivity, specificity of PET/MRI in the diagnosis of PLNM were 77.78% and 99.76%, respectively, which were higher than those of MRI (P = 0.011). Eight high-risk PCa patients who finished PSMA PET/MRI changed their N or M stage.

Conclusion
The CTV delineated based on PET/MRI and MRI differ little. The GTVn delineated based on PET/MRI encompasses metastatic pelvic lymph nodes more accurately than MRI and avoids covering pelvic lymph nodes without metastasis. We emphasize the utility of PET/MRI fusion images in GTVn delineation in whole pelvic radiotherapy for PCa. The use of PSMA PET/MRI aids in the realization of more individual and precise radiotherapy for PCa.
Prognostic impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT in pathologic stage II invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: re-illuminating the value of PET/CT in intermediate-risk breast cancer
Authors: Park Hye Lim , Lee Sea-Won , Hong Ji Hyung , Lee Jieun , Lee Ahwon , Kwon Soo Jin , Park Sonya Youngju , Yoo Ie Ryung 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is to investigate the impact of18F-FDG PET/CT on prognosis of stage II invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast primarily treated with surgery.MethodsThe clinical records of 297 consecutive IDC with preoperative PET/CT and pathologically staged II in surgery from 2013 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), peak standardized uptake value (SUVpeak), tumor-to-liver ratio (TLR), and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were measured. Association of clinicopathologic factors (age, T stage, N stage, AJCC pathologic stage of IIA or IIB, pathologic prognostic stage, grade, hormonal receptor status, HER2 status, Ki-67, and adjuvant therapy) and PET parameters with DFS was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsThere were 35 recurrences and 10 deaths at a median follow-up of 49 months (range 0.8 ~ 87.3). All PET parameters were significantly associated with DFS in univariate analysis but in multivariate analysis, SUVpeak was the only factor significantly associated with DFS (hazard ratio 2.58, 95% confidence interval 1.29–5.15,P = 0.007). In cohorts with higher values of SUVpeak or TLR, patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly superior DFS.ConclusionMetabolic parameters derived from preoperative PET/CT was significantly associated with recurrence in stage II IDC primarily treated with surgery. PET/CT can be a powerful prognostic tool in conjunction with novel staging systems and current biomarkers for patients undergoing contemporary therapy. Our results urge to reconsider the currently underestimated value of PET/CT confined to diagnostic aspect and to newly recognize its prognostic impact in these intermediate-risk breast cancer.
Reproducibility of each retinal layer thickness measurement in epiretinal membrane patients with ectopic inner foveal layers
Authors: Jung Il , Na Yong-Jin , Lee Sung-Chul , Lee Min-Woo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To identify the reliability of each retinal layer thickness measurement in epiretinal membrane (ERM) patients with ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFLs).

Methods
Subjects were divided into two groups: ERM patients with EIFLs (Group 1) and without EIFLs (Group 2). The retinal layer thickness was measured twice, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) values were calculated.

Results
In Group 1, the CVs of the nerve fiber layer (NFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) were 22.39%, 13.12%, 13.37%, 13.21%, 15.09%, and 11.94%, while the ICCs were 0.431, 0.550, 0.440, 0.286, 0.279, and 0.503, respectively. In Group 2, the CVs were 18.20%, 10.59%, 10.65%, 13.27%, 14.75%, and 10.37%, while the ICCs were 0.788, 0.834, 0.830, 0.715, 0.226, and 0.439, respectively. The average central macular thickness (CMT) was significantly correlated with the CVs of NFL (coefficient = 0.317; P < 0.001), GCL (coefficient = 0.328; P < 0.001), and IPL (coefficient = 0.186; P = 0.042) in Group 1.

Conclusions
The reproducibility of the inner retinal layer thickness measurements in ERM patients with EIFLs was low compared to those without EIFLs. The reproducibility of the outer retinal layer thickness measurements, including OPL and ONL, was poor regardless of the presence of EIFLs in ERM patients. Additionally, the thicker the CMT in patients with EIFLs, the lower the reproducibility of the inner retinal layer thickness measurements.