bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between cardio‐cerebrovascular disease and systemic antipsoriatic therapy in psoriasis patients using population‐based data: A nested case–control study
Authors: Kim Bo Ri , Lee Kun Hee , Kim Jinseob , Kim Jee Woo , Paik Kyungho , Myung Woojae , Lee Hyewon , Choi Chong Won , Youn Sang Woong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe effect of antipsoriatic therapy on cardio‐cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is not well described. Thus, we performed a population‐based nested case–control study to investigate the effect of systemic antipsoriatic therapy on CCVD in psoriasis patients. Using nationwide cohort data from the Korean National Health Insurance Claims database, newly diagnosed psoriasis patients were identified. Among the enrolled participants, postenrollment development of CCVD events (ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage) was investigated. To evaluate the effect of systemic antipsoriatic therapy on CCVD risk, we calculated the proportion of the treatment period with systemic antipsoriatic therapy during the study period (PTP [%]: the sum of all systemic antipsoriatic therapy durations divided by total observation period). Among 251 813 participants, 6262 experienced CCVD events during the study period (CCVD group). Controls included 245 551 patients without CCVD history during the study period (non‐CCVD group). The non‐CCVD group had greater PTP than the CCVD group (CCVD 2.12 ± 7.92, non‐CCVD 2.64 ± 9.64; P < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, PTP was inversely associated with the CCVD risk after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. A 10% increase in PTP reduced CCVD risk by 0.96 (95% confidence interval 0.93 to 0.99). Reduced CCVD risk was robust for both conventional antipsoriatic therapy and biologics. Our study found that systemic antipsoriatic therapy use was inversely associated with CCVD risk in psoriasis patients. These findings suggested that systemic antipsoriatic therapy could reduce CCVD development in patients with psoriasis.
Adverse events associated with postoperative outcomes of adjuvant anti‐PD‐1 antibody therapy in both acral and non‐acral cutaneous melanomas: A multicenter, observational, post hoc analysis study
Authors: Muto Yusuke , Kambayashi Yumi , Kato Hiroshi , Fukushima Satoshi , Ito Takamichi , Maekawa Takeo , Fujisawa Yasuhiro , Yoshino Koji , Uchi Hiroshi , Matsushita Shigeto , Yamamoto Yuki , Amagai Ryo , Ohuchi Kentaro , Hashimoto Akira , Asano Yoshihide , Fujimura Taku 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSince anti‐PD‐1 Abs can cause irreversible immune‐related adverse events (irAEs), the associations between their efficacies and the incidence of irAEs are important to evaluate the use of anti‐PD‐1Abs for the treatment of melanoma, especially in the adjuvant setting. The purpose of this post hoc analysis study was to retrospectively analyze the associations between recurrence‐free survival (RFS) at 12 months and the onset of any irAEs in 31 non‐acral cutaneous and 30 acral melanoma cases treated with anti‐PD‐1 Abs therapy at the adjuvant setting in Asians. There were 20 cases with greater than grade 1 AEs in both the acral and non‐acral cutaneous groups. Of the acral melanoma, 10 cases were nails or toes, and 20 cases were soles and heels. The log‐rank test showed that RFS was better in cases with AEs than in cases without AEs. The present study suggested that the different profiles of irAEs between non‐acral cutaneous and acral melanoma might correlate with the different response to anti‐PD1 Abs of melanoma in the adjuvant setting.
Phylogenetic diversity is a weak proxy for functional diversity but they are complementary in explaining community assembly patterns in temperate vegetation
Authors: E‐Vojtkó Anna , de Bello Francesco , Lososová Zdeňka , Götzenberger Lars 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEcological differences between coexisting species within plant communities can be assessed by considering functional and phylogenetic dissimilarities either separately or in a complementary way. Here, we studied (a) the potential overlap between functional (FD) and phylogenetic diversities (PD) and (b) their combined and unique roles in explaining community assembly patterns across different temperate vegetation types and across functional traits representing multiple dimensions of plant strategy (plant size, leaf, floral and reproductive, clonal and bud bank traits).We tested the strength of the PD–FD relationship within and across vegetation types and functional traits (Pearson correlations) and tested whether it depended on the strength of the phylogenetic signal (Pagel's lambda and Blomberg'sK). We tested deviations from random expectations in FD and ‘decoupled FD’ (i.e. functional dissimilarity after accounting for the effect of phylogenetic distances between species) to reveal the importance of ecological differences for community assembly.PD–FD correlations were predominantly significant but rarely strong, and largely depended on the studied functional trait and vegetation type. Phylogenetic signals were partially but inconsistently related to the overlap between FD and PD.Community assembly patterns tended to shift from under‐dispersion (FD lower than random expectations) towards over‐dispersion (FD higher than random expectations) when functional distances were decoupled from phylogenetic distances indicating that species within the same clade were dissimilar to each other regarding their traits. However, we found the opposite pattern as well, mainly for floral and below‐ground traits, which indicated functional differentiation across clades.Synthesis. Decoupling functional and phylogenetic differences between species might provide further information on plant community assembly: showing cases where the strongest ecological differentiation between coexisting species occurs between phylogenetically related species rather than between phylogenetically unrelated ones.
Genetic variants in key necroptosis regulators predict prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer after surgical resection
Authors: Lee Jang Hyuck , Park Ji Eun , Hong Mi Jeong , Choi Jin Eun , Kang Hyo‐Gyoung , Do Sook Kyung , Lee Sunwoong , Jeong Ji Yun , Shin Kyung Min , Do Young Woo , Lee Eung Bae , Lee Won Kee , Oh In‐Jae , Kim Young‐Chul , Choi Sun Ha , Lee Yong Hoon , Seo Hyewon , Lee Jaehee , Cha Seung Ick , Kim Chang Ho , Yoo Seung Soo , Lee Shin Yup , Park Jae Yong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundNecroptosis is a regulated inflammatory cell death which plays a significant role in cancer development and progression. In this study, we evaluated whether genetic variants in key regulators of necroptosis may affect survival outcome of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after surgical resection.MethodsA total of 674 patients who underwent curative surgery were included. Fifteen genetic variants in key regulators of necroptosis (RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL) were selected. The association of these variants with survival outcomes was evaluated.ResultsTwo variants, RIPK1 rs17548629C > T and MLKL rs877375G > C, were associated with better overall survival and disease‐free survival in multivariate analyses. When the patients were divided according to histology, the associations were significant only in adenocarcinoma, but not in squamous cell carcinoma. RIPK1 rs17548629 C‐to‐T change was associated with significantly increased luciferase activity by modulating the binding of miR‐642a. Promoter assays showed a significantly increased promoter activity in MLKL rs877375C allele compared to G allele. Consistently, the mRNA expression level of RIPK1 and MLKL showed significant positive correlation with RIPK1 rs17548629C‐to‐T and MLKL rs877375G‐to‐C changes.ConclusionTwo genetic variants in key regulators in necroptosis, RIPK1 rs17548629C > T and MLKL rs877375G > C, may be used as biomarkers to predict survival outcomes in surgically resected NSCLC patients.
Gegen‐Qinlian decoction—A traditional Chinese medicine formula—Alleviates methamphetamine withdrawal induced anxiety by targeting GABAergic interneuron‐pyramidal neuron pathway in mPFC
Authors: Song Hongxiu , Lu Xue , Du Demin , Peng Yaqin , Pan Weichao , Xu Xing , Fan Yu , Yang Xin , Ge Feifei , Guan Xiaowei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMethamphetamine (Meth) withdrawal elicits anxiety, which is a public health concern with limited therapeutic options. Previous studies implied a strong correlation between mPFC and Meth withdrawal. Here, we examined the role of Gegen‐Qinlian decoction (GQD) in Meth withdrawal anxiety and explored potential therapeutic targets in mPFC. We found that intra‐gastric administration of GQD during the withdrawal period efficiently alleviated anxiety‐like behaviours in Meth‐withdrawn mice. Further, GQD could restore Meth withdrawal‐triggered pathway of GABAergic interneurons (GABA IN)‐pyramidal neurons (PN) in the mPFC of Meth‐withdrawn mice, especially the prelimbic cortex (PrL) sub‐region and PV‐positive GABA IN. While, GQD had no obvious effects on the glial cells in the mPFC of Meth‐withdrawn mice. By transcriptomic analysis and validation of several gene candidates, we found that genes in the MAPK signalling pathway, especially those related to heat shock proteins, including Hspa1a, Hspa1b and Hspb1, might be GQD‐targeting genes in mPFC to treat Meth withdrawal anxiety, as indicated that these genes were up‐regulated by Meth withdrawal but rescued by GQD in mPFC. Collectively, our findings identified for the first time that GQD could efficiently alleviate Meth withdrawal anxiety, partially through regulating the local GABA IN‐PN pathway and transcriptomic profile of mPFC. The present study confirms that TCM, such as GQD, will be a desirable therapeutic approach in the treatment of drug addiction and related emotional deficits.
Diabetes impairs the haemodynamic response to non‐selective betablockers in compensated cirrhosis and predisposes to hepatic decompensation
Authors: Paternostro Rafael , Jachs Mathias , Hartl Lukas , Simbrunner Benedikt , Scheiner Bernhard , Bauer David , Schwabl Philipp , Semmler Georg , Trauner Michael , Mandorfer Mattias , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: July 2023

SummaryBackgroundNon‐selective betablockers (NSBBs) reduce the risk of hepatic decompensation in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). Metabolic co‐morbidities (MetC) are increasingly observed in cACLD patients.AimsTo investigate the impact of MetC on the haemodynamic effects of NSBB and hepatic decompensation in cACLD.MethodscACLD patients undergoing paired hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements before/under NSBB therapy were retrospectively considered for this study. We recorded baseline characteristics on MetC (obesity, dyslipidaemia and diabetes), as well as hepatic decompensation and liver‐related mortality during follow‐up.ResultsWe included 92 patients (Child‐A n = 80, 87%; Child‐B n = 12, 13%). MetC were found in 34 (37%) patients: 19 (20.7%) with obesity, 14 (15.2%) with dyslipidaemia and 23 (34.8%) with diabetes. The median baseline HVPG of 18 (IQR:15–21) mmHg decreased to 15 (IQR:9–12) mmHg under NSBB. HVPG‐response (decrease ≥10% or to ≤12 mmHg) was achieved in 60 (65.2.%) patients. Patients with diabetes (OR: 0.35, p = 0.021) and higher BMI (OR: 0.89 per kg/m2, p = 0.031) were less likely to achieve HVPG‐response.During a median follow‐up of 2.3 (0.5–4.2) years, 18 (19.5%) patients experienced hepatic decompensation. Child‐B (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio, aSHR: 4.3 [95% CI:1.5–12.2], p = 0.006), HVPG‐response (aSHR: 0.3 [95% CI:0.1–0.9], p = 0.037) and diabetes (aSHR: 2.8 [95% CI:1.1–7.2], p = 0.036) were independently associated with hepatic decompensation.ConclusionsIn patients with cACLD, diabetes and a higher BMI impair the HVPG‐response to NSBB. Furthermore, diabetes‐independently from Child B and lack of HVPG‐response‐increases the risk of hepatic decompensation.
Laparoscopic completion gastrectomy: A single‐institution case series and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Heng Wei , Lye Jian Ying Tiffany , Lee Zhen Jin , Chan Weng Hoong , Tan Jeremy Tian Hui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionCompletion gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy for remnant gastric cancer (RGC) is currently the gold standard for patients with resectable disease. Multiple surgical approaches can be adopted; however, there exists no agreement on the best choice due to the low incidence of RGC. With its anticipated increase in prevalence, we thus sought to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the laparoscopic approach versus conventional laparotomy via a pooled analysis of existing literature.MethodsA retrospective review of five consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic completion gastrectomy from August 2017 to June 2022 was performed following Institutional Review Board waiver. A comprehensive systematic review of literature on laparoscopic completion gastrectomy from the Pubmed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases was conducted to supplement the experience from our institution.ResultsFour patients had prior benign gastric disease and one had prior gastric cancer. Two patients experienced severe postoperative complications but there were otherwise no reports of conversion to laparotomy or mortality. Mean operative duration was 295 minutes. Mean duration to oral intake and discharge was 6.8 and 14.6 days respectively. Results from our pooled analysis of 591 cases suggested that the laparoscopic approach was associated with longer operative durations but delivered fewer postoperative complications, shorter duration to dietary resumption and shorter lengths of stay over conventional laparotomy.ConclusionLaparoscopic completion gastrectomy is indeed a more challenging procedure due to the presence of dense adhesions from previous surgery. However, the procedure can be performed safely with superior outcomes as compared to conventional laparotomy.
Novel enhancers of guanylyl cyclase‐A activity acting via allosteric modulation
Authors: Andresen Henriette , Pérez‐Ternero Cristina , Robinson Jerid , Dickey Deborah M. , Hobbs Adrian J. , Potter Lincoln R. , Levy Finn Olav , Cataliotti Alessandro , Moltzau Lise Román 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeGuanylyl cyclase‐A (GC‐A), activated by endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal homeostasis and is an attractive drug target. Even though small molecule modulators allow oral administration and longer half‐life, drug targeting of GC‐A has so far been limited to peptides. Thus, in this study we aimed to develop small molecular activators of GC‐A.Experimental ApproachHits were identified through high‐throughput screening and optimized by in silico design. Cyclic GMP was measured in QBIHEK293A cells expressing GC‐A, GC‐B or chimerae of the two receptors using AlphaScreen technology. Binding assays were performed in membrane preparations or whole cells using 125I‐ANP. Vasorelaxation was measured in aortic rings isolated from Wistar rats.Key ResultsWe have identified small molecular allosteric enhancers of GC‐A, which enhanced ANP or BNP effects in cellular systems and ANP‐induced vasorelaxation in rat aortic rings. The mechanism of action appears novel and not mediated through previously described allosteric binding sites. In addition, the selectivity and activity depend on a single amino acid residue that differs between the two similar receptors GC‐A and GC‐B.Conclusion and ImplicationsWe describe a novel allosteric binding site on GC‐A, which can be targeted by small molecules to enhance ANP and BNP effects. These compounds will be valuable tools in further development and proof‐of‐concept of GC‐A enhancement for the potential use in cardiovascular therapy.
A narrative review of the management of pars flaccida tympanic membrane retractions without cholesteatoma
Authors: Bateman Laura , Borsetto Daniele , Boscolo‐Rizzo Paolo , Mochloulis George , Vijendren Ananth 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveReview the effectiveness of surgical and non‐surgical management strategies for isolated pars flaccida and combined pars tensa and flaccida tympanic membrane retractions in preventing progression or recurrence, improving hearing and preventing development of cholesteatoma.DesignNarrative review.SettingENT and otology services worldwide.ParticipantsPatients with non‐cholesteatoma tympanic membrane retractions.Main Ouctome measureChanges in retraction (progression or resolution, or development of a known sequela such as perforation).ResultsEight full text papers are included: three randomised controlled trials and five case series or cohort studies of more than five patients (a total of 238 ears). Data exists for the use of conservative management, ventilation tubes, laser tympanoplasty, cartilage and fascia tympanoplasty, lateral attic reconstruction as well as mastoid procedures.ConclusionFew high‐quality studies on the management of isolated and combined pars flaccida retractions exist. For isolated pars flaccida retractions deemed to require surgical intervention, this review suggests that lateral attic reconstruction and cartilage tympanoplasty carries least risk of recurrence.
Computation of persistent homology on streaming data using topological data summaries
Authors: Moitra Anindya , Malott Nicholas O. , Wilsey Philip A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPersistent homology is a computationally intensive and yet extremely powerful tool for Topological Data Analysis. Applying the tool on potentially infinite sequence of data objects is a challenging task. For this reason, persistent homology and data stream mining have long been two important but disjoint areas of data science. The first computational model, that was recently introduced to bridge the gap between the two areas, is useful for detecting steady or gradual changes in data streams, such as certain genomic modifications during the evolution of species. However, that model is not suitable for applications that encounter abrupt changes of extremely short duration. This paper presents another model for computing persistent homology on streaming data that addresses the shortcoming of the previous work. The model is validated on the important real‐world application of network anomaly detection. It is shown that in addition to detecting the occurrence of anomalies or attacks in computer networks, the proposed model is able to visually identify several types of traffic. Moreover, the model can accurately detect abrupt changes of extremely short as well as longer duration in the network traffic. These capabilities are not achievable by the previous model or by traditional data mining techniques.
Analysis of risk factors of prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients with severe burn injury
Authors: Xiao Kui , Chen Wen Xin , Li Xiao Jian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMechanical ventilation is an essential means of life support for patients with severe burns. However, prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) increases the incidence of complications and length of hospital stay. Therefore, studying the risk factors of mechanical ventilation duration is of great significance for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation, reducing related complications, and improving the success rate of severe burn treatment.MethodThis study was a retrospective study of patients with burns ≥30% of the area admitted to the BICU of Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital affiliated with Jinan University from January 2016 to January 2023 who were mechanically ventilated. Patients were classified into the prolonged mechanical ventilation group if they were mechanically ventilated for ≥21 days. Then, independent risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation were determined by logistic regression analysis of the collected data.ResultOf all the 112 enrolled patients, 79 had prolonged mechanical ventilation, with an incidence of 70.5%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that including abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI%) (P < 0.001), moderate and severe inhalation injury (P = 0.005, P = 0.044), albumin (P = 0.032), lactic acid (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation. In addition, ventilator‐related complications were 44% in the PMV group and 21% in the non‐PMV group.ConclusionABSI%, inhalation injury, albumin, and lactic acid on admission are the risk factors for PMV in severe burn patients. In addition, ventilator‐related complications were higher in group PMV than in group non‐PMV in our study.
Shifts in the Australian public's opinions towards alcohol policies: 2004–2019
Authors: Torney Alexandra , Room Robin , Jiang Heng , Livingston Michael , Callinan Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionAfter a period of stagnation, alcohol policy in Australia has received increased attention in the past decade, with Sydney's lockout laws and Queensland's restrictions on trading hours garnering media attention. This study will investigate any changing trends in support towards alcohol policy and identify any demographic‐specific shifts.MethodsRespondents from the National Drug Strategy Household Survey (conducted every 3 years from 2004 to 2019) were asked to gauge their level of support for 16 alcohol policy items proposed to reduce the problems associated with excessive alcohol use. Mean levels of support for various policy options, as well as demographic predictors of support, were assessed.ResultsAfter an increase from 2004 to 2013, support for more evidence‐based policies on alcohol (e.g., restricting the availability of alcohol) has decreased since 2013. Support for policy items that focus less on the restriction of the availability of alcohol and more on education remained relatively stable in comparison. While demographic groups continue to vary in their extent of support, shifts appear to be occurring fairly uniformly across sex, age, states and drinking groups.Discussion and ConclusionsSupport for public health‐oriented alcohol policies has been decreasing since 2013. The introduction of high‐profile policies and less of a media focus on alcohol may be contributing to decreases in support.
Routinary PET/CT imaging for oncological surveillance accompanied by echocardiography may identify early atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A case report
Authors: Michel‐Vázquez Ana Danissa , Luna‐Alcala Santiago , Guerra Enrique C. , Proaño‐Bernal Leonardo , Cabello‐Ganem Aldo , Aparicio‐Ortiz Alexis D. , Espinola‐Zavaleta Nilda 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a disease where plaque builds up in arteries, resulting in harmful cardiovascular events. Inflammation has a significant role in its progression, starting from the initial stages. Cancer patients, due to their constant exposure to inflammatory processes caused by treatments or illnesses, are at a higher risk of developing this condition. Arterial inflammation can be quantified with 18F‐FDG PET/CT imaging. In this case report, we propose that routinary PET/CT imaging for oncological surveillance could be useful for cardiovascular risk stratification by reviewing a case of a patient with breast cancer whose imaging study revealed arterial inflammation and a subsequent echocardiogram evidenced grade II diastolic dysfunction (potentially, an initial manifestation of the ischemic cascade).