bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alginate functionalized MFe2O4 (MNi, Co) nanoparticles and hydrated salt incorporated flexible PVDF ternary nanocomposite fibers for magnetoelectric applications
Authors: Bhadrapriya B. C. , Rahul M. T. , Raneesh B. , Thomas Sabu , Saha Abhijit , Kalarikkal Nandakumar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMagnetoelectric (ME) polymer nanocomposites find a wide range of applications as ME sensors, energy storage devices, magneto‐mechano‐electric nanogenerators, tissue engineering scaffolds, and so forth. Functionalizing ferrite fillers is an effective strategy to improve the ferrite‐polymer interaction and, thereby, the functional properties. In the present work, we developed ternary nanocomposite fibers of polyvinylidene fluoride loaded with hydrated salt and alginate functionalized ferrite nanoparticles. Nanocomposites with functionalized ferrite fillers were found to have better dielectric and ME properties. The highest values of dielectric constant (14.7) and ME coupling coefficient (18.2 mV cm−1 Oe−1) were obtained for ternary nanocomposite fiber with functionalized nickel ferrite nanoparticles. The present study opens new avenues for developing flexible ME nanocomposites for realizing flexible ME nanocomposites with the required properties for developing next‐generation devices for diverse applications.
Comprehensive serum N‐glycan profiling identifies a biomarker panel for early diagnosis of non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Yi , Liu Si , Li Jiaoyuan , Yin Tongxin , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Qiankun , Liu Xin , Cheng Liming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAberrant serum N‐glycan profiles have been observed in multiple cancers including non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet the potential of N‐glycans in the early diagnosis of NSCLC remains to be determined. In this study, serum N‐glycan profiles of 275 NSCLC patients and 309 healthy controls were characterized by MALDI‐TOF‐MS. The levels of serum N‐glycans and N‐glycosylation patterns were compared between NSCLC and control groups. In addition, a panel of N‐glycan biomarkers for NSCLC diagnosis was established and validated using machine learning algorithms. As a result, a total of 54 N‐glycan structures were identified in human serum. Compared with healthy controls, 29 serum N‐glycans were increased or decreased in NSCLC patients. N‐glycan abundance in different histological types or clinical stages of NSCLC presented differentiated changes. Furthermore, an optimal biomarker panel of eight N‐glycans was constructed based on logistic regression, with an AUC of 0.86 in the validation set. Notably, this model also showed a desirable capacity in distinguishing early‐stage patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.88). In conclusion, our work highlights the abnormal N‐glycan profiles in NSCLC and provides supports potential application of N‐glycan biomarker panel in clinical NSCLC detection.
A real‐time hybrid simulation method based on multitasking loading
Authors: Wang Tao , Hao Jiedun , Xu Guoshan , Wang Zhen , Meng Liyan , Zheng Huan 
Published: July 2023

SummaryDue to the real‐time loading property and the limitation of available loading facilities, both of the refined numerical substructure simulations and multiple experimental substructure tests are impossible for traditional real‐time hybrid simulation method (RHSM). For improving the experimental accuracy under limited loading facilities, a RHSM based on multitasking loading (RHSM‐ML) is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, an inner‐loop multitasking loading strategy is adopted for accurately reproducing the performance of multiple experimental substructures with limited available loading facilities, and an outer‐loop force correction‐based iteration strategy is adopted for further improving the experimental accuracy by allowing refined simulation of the numerical substructures while remaining real‐time loading on the experimental substructures. Firstly, the methodology of the proposed RHSM‐ML is presented. Furthermore, the numerical simulations were conducted for validating the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method. Finally, the influence of the structural model on the iterative convergence is analyzed. It is shown that the multitasking loading and the force correction‐based iteration strategy are feasible for RHSM. It is shown from numerical simulations that with the contribution of the multitasking loading strategy, the correlation coefficients under different simulation conditions can up to 0.9999 within five round iterations by the RHSM‐ML and the force correction‐based iteration strategy of the RHSM‐ML can significantly improve the iterative convergence accuracy. It is shown from iterative convergence analysis that under different structural models, the convergence of the RHSM‐ML can be achieved within five round iterations.
Insights on in‐office scar revision and resurfacing procedures
Authors: Goslawski Amanda , Tranchito Eve , Rabbani Cyrus C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveMany facial plastic surgery procedures can be performed in an office‐based setting, ranging from simple chemical peels to reconstructive surgeries to assist with scar revision. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of facial plastics in‐office surgical procedures, including scar revision, dermabrasion, lasers, and chemical peels.MethodsA literature review was conducted with the PubMed search engine with the following keywords: facial plastics, scar revision, dermabrasion, lasers, chemical peels, face, office, and outpatient. The literature was surveyed for relevance, with a focus on realistically which procedures were performed in a facial plastics surgery outpatient clinic. These were then used to compile a review of the current state of this field.Results and ConclusionsThere are various scar revision procedures that can be performed in the office setting, including z‐plasty, w‐plasty, and geometric broken line closure techniques, as well as various nonmedical treatment options to improve the appearance of a scar. Dermabrasion can also be performed to assist with elevated scars. Various lasers are available to enhance cell turnover in the field of facial rejuvenation, scarring, and sun damage. Chemical peels are also available to assist with facial rejuvenation. With the appropriate counseling of the patient and medical staff, these can be safely performed in the office.
Optimization of extraction of lycopene from carrot and determination of its antioxidant activity
Authors: Ge Bichen , Wang Wei , Gao Yurong , Chen Xiaoju 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground: Lycopene is a carotenoid which is abundant in mature red plant fruits, especially in tomato, carrot and watermelon. This study investigated lycopene extraction from carrots and its antioxidant properties. Methods and results: Through an orthogonal experiment (L9 (3)3), lycopene extraction was optimized and its antioxidant capacity was assessed by DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. The results showed that the maximum yield of lycopene was obtained when the extraction temperature, extraction time and solid-liquid ratio were 40℃, 125 min and 1:2 g/mL, and the influence on the extraction yield of lycopene decreased in the order: solid-liquid ratio > extraction time > extraction temperature. The antioxidant activity test showed that lycopene had strong scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS free radicals, but poor scavenging ability on hydroxyl radicals. Conclusion: The maximum extraction yield of lycopene is 50.82 ± 0.18 µg/g. Lycopene has good antioxidant capacity. This study provides a theoretical framework and statistical support for the continued development of the lycopene from carrots, which is projected to be exploited as a natural antioxidant or health supplement in the food and cosmetics industries.
Stock plant etiolation reduces rooting of sub-terminal olive cuttings by reducing total sugars, IAA, indole/phenol ratio, and IAA/GA ratio
Authors: Abdel-Mohsen Mohamed Abdel-Aziz , Rashedy Ahmed AbdelHady 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdventitious root formation is the key to successful propagation of olives through cuttings. Etiolation, as an eco-friendly practice, can modulate the plant’s endogenous phytohormone, which plays an important role in stimulation of rooting of cuttings. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effect of etiolation on the rooting behavior of both ‘Manzanillo’ and ‘Picual’ olive cuttings (terminal and sub-terminal) treated with IBA (0, 4000 ppm). The results indicated that sub-terminal cuttings in both cultivars were more effective in olive propagation than terminal cuttings as they recorded increased leaves number, C/N ratio, total carbohydrates, total indoles, IAA, IAA/GA ratio, and total phenols. Etiolation of both olive cultivars for both terminal and sub-terminal cuttings significantly decreased rooting percent, roots number, IAA, and IAA/GA ratio; while, it increased GA and GA/IAA. Moreover, etiolation decreased total sugars, IAA, IAA/GA ratio, and indole/phenol ratio in both sub-terminal cuttings. Terminal ‘Manzanillo’ cuttings achieved a higher rooting percent than terminal ‘Picual’ cuttings by 5.83% and 202.2% as mean of both seasons for untreated and IBA-treated cuttings, which was accompanied by significant increase in vascular bundle%, total phenol, phenol/indole ratio, IAA, and IAA/GA ratio by 21.48%, 49.2%, 44.72%, 12.9%, and 22.9%, respectively. Also, terminal ‘Manzanillo’ cuttings recorded lower GA by 7.98% and GA/IAA ratio by 18.21% and pith by 6.13% than terminal ‘Picual’ cuttings. This study proved that olive plants need exposure to full sunlight to propagate easily by cuttings since etiolation had negative effects on IBA-treated cuttings.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and COVID-19
Authors: Pappa Maria , Panagiotopoulos Alexandros , Thomas Konstantinos , Fanouriakis Antonis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To describe the current state of knowledge regarding COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We focus on (i) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination uptake, immunogenicity and safety, and (ii) outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with SLE and pertinent risk factors for adverse sequelae.

Recent Findings
Notwithstanding the potential concern of patients about possible post-vaccination side-effects, the safety of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with SLE has been undisputedly confirmed in numerous studies. Humoral immunogenicity is generally attained in SLE, although affected by the use of background immunosuppressive drugs, especially rituximab. The latter has also clearly been implicated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes in SLE, including need for hospitalization, mechanical ventilation and death.

Summary
Although the wide adoption of vaccination has significantly improved COVID-19 outcomes, patients with SLE continue to pose challenges during the pandemic, mainly owing to administered immunosuppressive medications.
Creating Sociological Knowledge and the Next Generation of Sociological Thinkers in Faculty-Directed Research with Undergraduate Research Assistants
Authors: King Molly M. , Imai Megan K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUndergraduate research in sociology departments provides opportunities for student engagement and faculty development. Although undergraduate research in the natural and physical sciences and graduate mentoring have been extensively studied, there are few systematic studies of the process of extracurricular undergraduate research in sociology from the perspective of both faculty and students. We carried out semi-structured qualitative interviews with 23 faculty and undergraduate research assistants (RAs). Our results outline the dynamics of faculty-directed research collaborations in sociology departments. We first detail the tasks regularly performed by undergraduate RAs and then describe the development of RA-faculty partnerships, including hiring and training. Faculty-RA teams work together on faculty-directed research through mechanisms of accountability, regular meetings, and communication. Finally, we describe how relationships transform and partnerships end. We find that faculty generally have one of two outlooks on undergraduate research: they either seek RAs as facilitators of their research or they aim to develop and mentor junior colleagues. We discuss the implications of these outlooks for student learning, professionalization, and holistic development.
Age and Sex Differences in the Genetics of Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Akinrinade Oyediran , Lesurf Robert ,   Genomics England Research Consortium, Ambrose J. C. , Arumugam P. , Bleda M. , Boardman-Pretty F. , Boustred C. R. , Brittain H. , Caulfield M. J. , Chan G. C. , Fowler T. , Giess A. , Hamblin A. , Henderson S. , Hubbard T. J. P. , Jackson R. , Jones L. J. , Kasperaviciute D. , Kayikci M. , Kousathanas A. , Lahnstein L. , Leigh S. E. A. , Leong I. U. S. , Lopez F. J. , Maleady-Crowe F. , Moutsianas L. , Mueller M. , Murugaesu N. , Need A. C. , O‘Donovan P. , Odhams C. A. , Patch C. , Perez-Gil D. , Pereira M. B. , Pullinger J. , Rahim T. , Rendon A. , Rogers T. , Savage K. , Sawant K. , Scott R. H. , Siddiq A. , Sieghart A. , Smith S. C. , Sosinsky A. , Stuckey A. , Tanguy M. , Thomas E. R. A. , Thompson S. R. , Tucci A. , Walsh E. , Welland M. J. , Williams E. , Witkowska K. , Wood S. M. , Lougheed Jane , Mondal Tapas , Smythe John , Altamirano-Diaz Luis , Oechslin Erwin , Mital Seema 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCardiomyopathy has variable penetrance. We analyzed age and sex-related genetic differences in 1,397 cardiomyopathy patients (Ontario, UK) with whole genome sequencing. Pediatric cases (n = 471) harbored more deleterious protein-coding variants in Tier 1 cardiomyopathy genes compared to adults (n = 926) (34.6% vs 25.9% respectively, p = 0.0015), with variant enrichment in constrained coding regions. Pediatric patients had a higher burden of sarcomere and lower burden of channelopathy gene variants compared to adults. Specifically, pediatric patients had more MYH7 and MYL3 variants in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and fewer TTN truncating variants in dilated cardiomyopathy. MYH7 variants clustered in the myosin head and neck domains in children. OBSCN was a top mutated gene in adults, enriched for protein-truncating variants. In dilated cardiomyopathy, female patients had a higher burden of z-disc gene variants compared to males. Genetic differences may explain age and sex-related variability in cardiomyopathy penetrance. Genotype-guided predictions of age of onset can inform pre-test genetic counseling.
Graphical Abstract
Pediatric cardiomyopathy patients were more likely to be genotype-positive than adults with a higher burden of variants in MYH7, MYL3, TNNT2, VCL. Adults had a higher burden of OBSCN and TTN variants. Females with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) had a higher burden of z-disc gene variants compared to males.
Raising the social status of teachers: teachers as social entrepreneurs
Authors: Bates Glen , Fisher Rosemary , Turner Kristina , Machirori Tafadzwa Leroy , Rixon Andrew 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn Australia, concerningly high levels of teacher attrition, and subsequent teacher shortages, have led to calls for improvement in the social status of teachers. In response, this study explored what draws pre-service teachers to the teaching profession in the face of research and media reports that suggest teaching is perceived as a low-status career. Using mixed methods, we surveyed 387 Australian pre-service teachers and found that their primary motivations for entering the teaching profession corresponded with the motivations attributed to social entrepreneurs who use innovation to make positive social change for their constituents. As far as the authors know, this is the first time that a close alignment between pre-service teachers’ motivations for entering the teaching profession and social entrepreneurs’ behaviours and intentions has been demonstrated. Thus, this study makes a unique contribution in the field of initial teacher education. We suggest that explicitly recognising teachers as social entrepreneurs with the inherent capacity to generate social innovation has the potential to raise the status of the profession. Such recognition could also positively inform pre-service teacher recruitment and teacher retention.
Periodontal Health and Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Kisely Steve 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
People with mental illness are vulnerable to periodontal diseases. Explanations include the direct effects of the psychiatric illness, side effects of psychotropic medication, lifestyle (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, and other substance use), shared risk factors, and difficulties with activities of daily living and access to dental care.

Recent Findings
Latest findings confirm the bi-directional relationship between periodontal disease and both psychiatric illness and substance use disorders (SUDs). On one hand, individuals with psychiatric illness and SUDs are at increased risk of developing periodontal disease, the strongest association being for SUDs and severe mental illnesses. On the other hand, periodontal disease may contribute to the development or exacerbation of psychiatric illness and SUDs through the systemic effects of chronic inflammation.

Summary
There are complex and bi-directional interactions between dental pathology and psychiatric illnesses/ SUDs that include a wide range of interconnected biological, behavioral, and psychosocial factors.
Smear layer removal and bacteria eradication from tooth root canals by Erbium lasers irradiation
Authors: Blakimé Alexia , Henriques Bruno , Silva Filipe S. , Teughels Wim , Özcan Mutlu , Souza Júlio C. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The main aim of this study was to perform an integrative review on the effects of Erbium lasers irradiation on bacteria eradication and smear layer removal from dentin surfaces of tooth root canals.

Method
A bibliographic search was performed on PubMed using the following search terms: “ultrasonic” AND “Er:YAG” OR “Er,Cr:YSGG” AND “laser” AND “bacteria” OR “smear layer” OR “faecalis” OR “disinfection” AND “root canal” OR “endodontic”. Studies published in the English language within the last 12 years were selected regarding the objective of this study.

Results
Previous studies reported a percentage decrease of Enterococcus faecalis at around 99% using an association between Er:YAG or Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 0.5 W and 2.5% NaOCl. Er:YAG laser-assisted irrigation at 0.9 and 1 W showed similar outcomes when compared to ultrasonic activation but revealed slightly higher amount removal of remnant intraradicular debris. Er:YAG or Er,Cr:YSGG laser showed a higher smear layer removal and bacteria eradication compared to solely passive ultrasonic activation although other types of lasers were lesser effective than the ultrasonic activation. Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 0.25 to 1.25 W in association with NaOCl was as effective as ultrasonic activation on the eradication of Enterococcus faecalis and multispecies biofilms.

Conclusions
Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers revealed significant bacteria eradication and smear layer removal from tooth root canals. Additionally, energy, irradiance, and mode of laser-assisted irradiation can be improved to achieve optimum results, considering different remnant tooth structures and anatomic variables. The combination of ultrasonic irrigation and laser-assisted irradiation may provide full bacteria eradication and removal of the contaminated smear layer, avoiding further bacteria-infection issues.
Influence of the Application Method of Bitumen Emulsion on the Layer Bond
Authors: Middendorf Moritz , Kempf David , Böhm Stefan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAsphalt is paved in several layers. A good layer bond between the individual asphalt layers is necessary for a long service life of the asphalt pavement. For many years, bitumen emulsions have been used to bond the layers together in accordance with the requirements. Usually, the emulsion is sprayed and the asphalt layer is paved in two steps. In the first step, the base is sprayed with the bitumen emulsion. In the second step, after the bitumen emulsion has broken, the asphalt is placed. However, paving can also be carried out using a spray paver with an integrated spraying device. In this case, spraying and paving are carried out in one work process. In this study, the influence of both paving methods on the layer bond is investigated. For this purpose, the two methods are simulated in the laboratory and the effect is analysed for different bitumen emulsions (C60 BP4-S; C40 BF5-S) and different spray rates. The aim of the study is to find out the suitability of bitumen emulsions for the spray paver method when paving asphalt wearing courses (4 cm), and to reveal possible damage potentials. It was detected that the amount of water in the bitumen emulsion has a significant impact on the quality of the layer bond. Therefore, the total amount of emulsion applied also has an influence on the layer bond as the amount of water increases with the total amount of emulsion.
Characterization of the optimal average cost in Markov decision chains driven by a risk-seeking controller
Authors: Cavazos-Cadena Rolando , Cruz-Suárez Hugo , Montes-de-Oca Raúl 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work concerns Markov decision chains on a denumerable state space endowed with a bounded cost function. The performance of a control policy is assessed by a long-run average criterion as measured by a risk-seeking decision maker with constant risk-sensitivity. Besides standard continuity–compactness conditions, the framework of the paper is determined by the following conditions: (i) the state process is communicating under each stationary policy, and (ii) the simultaneous Doeblin condition holds. Within this framework it is shown that (i) the optimal superior and inferior limit average value functions coincide and are constant, and (ii) the optimal average cost is characterized via an extended version of the Collatz–Wielandt formula in the theory of positive matrices.
LUCIAN'S HIPPIAS
Authors: Thonemann Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLucian's Hippias or The Bath, traditionally considered to be a straight-faced encomium of a historical architect and real-life bath-house of the Antonine period, is now often judged to be a work of satire, though what exactly is being satirized has remained elusive. This article argues that the architect ‘Hippias’ is closely modelled on Plato's caricature of the sophist Hippias of Elis in the Hippias Minor, and that his bath-house is a comic extrapolation from the sophist's home-made oil-flask and strigil. Lucian's Hippias should be read as a parody of contemporary prose encomia of public buildings.
Differences in Scattering Properties of the Shallow Crusts of Earth, Mars, and the Moon Revealed by P‐Wave Receiver Functions
Authors: Shi Jing , Wang Tao , Chen Han , Yang Minghan , Chen Ling , Hui Hejiu , Xu Zongbo , Lognonné Philippe , Kawamura Taichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe scattering properties of terrestrial planetary bodies can provide valuable insights into their shallow seismic structure, meteoritic impact history, and geological activity. Scattering properties of the shallow crusts of Earth, Mars, and the Moon are investigated by constructing P‐wave receiver functions (PRFs) from teleseismic waveforms with high signal‐to‐noise ratios. The authors’ analysis reveals that strong coda waves lead to significant variations in the PRF waveforms calculated using different time windows, and the stability of the PRF is primarily influenced by the fractional velocity fluctuation. Synthetic PRFs for various scattering media confirm these observations. Comparing the observed and synthetic PRFs, it is found that the fractional velocity fluctuation in the shallow crust is greater than ∼0.2 for the Moon but less than ∼0.2 for Earth and Mars. The authors further discuss possible mechanisms that could have affected the fractional velocity fluctuation and suggest that the distinct fractional velocity fluctuation between the Moon and Earth/Mars is mainly due to differences in the water content of the crustal rocks of the three planetary bodies.