bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE COLONIZAÇÃO E INFECÇÃO EM UMA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA DE UM HOSPITAL DE ALTA COMPLEXIDADE
Authors: Diniz Rabelo Jessica Gama , Diniz Ferreira Talison Taylon , Costa Leite José Antônio , Silva e Silva Ana Paula , Farias Serpa Ana Luiza , Silva Carvalho Antônio Felipe , França Furtado Danielle , Da Silva e Silva Luna Mayra 
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre a ocorrência de colonização por microrganismos e infecção em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTI-PED), identificando os principais agentes presentes na colonização e nas infecções. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, analítico e prospectivo realizado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (HUUFMA) - Unidade Materno Infantil, com análise dos resultados microbiológicos de 119 pacientes admitidos no período de fevereiro de 2019 a setembro de 2019. Dos 119 pacientes estudados, 52,1% eram do sexo masculino, com faixa etária mais frequente de 1 mês até 1 ano de idade (32,8%) e o tempo médio de permanência na UTI-PED foi de 14 dias. O estudo evidenciou que há relação estatística significante entre os casos de pacientes colonizados com casos de infecção com p < 0,001. Foram identificados 152 microrganismos, com destaque para Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13,8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9,2%) e Candida spp. (23%). Houve 42 pacientes (33,9%) colonizados por pelo menos um microrganismo, sendo os mais frequentes Klebsiella pneumoniae (30,5%) e Escherichia coli (23,6%), sendo estes, também, microrganismos com maior frequência de mecanismos de resistência com destaque para produção de β-lactamase de Espectro Estendido (ESBL) como principal mecanismo. Os resultados apresentados são úteis para monitorizar a qualidade da assistência à saúde prestada, bem como para embasar outros trabalhos sobre controle de infecções, reafirmando a importância de educar os profissionais de saúde em ações que visem deter a expansão de infecção hospitalar.
Feature Article: RENATO “Tato” Dantes, MD,MSc,FPCCP (1955-2008)
Authors: Dantes Anna Theresa B. 
Published: February 2023

Excerpt:
Renato Dantes, “Tato” to most of his colleagues, was given a posthumous award in March 2009 as outstanding researcher by the Philippine College of Chest Physicians (PCCP) of which he was past president 2006-2007. A part of his citation reads, “in recognition of his innovativeness, enthusiasm, vigor, selflessness to the end that they will be a testament to what the best of the human mind can accomplish in the field of research, for the restless, ever-seeking spirit that moves and inspires colleagues and subordinates alike to greater heights in scientific studies and research”. The UP Manila Department of Clinical Epidemiology has renamed their Health Policy Course in honor of Dr. Dantes and the research Awards in PCCP are now called by the acronym TATO. These are just but some examples of how even in death, Tato continues to move and inspire others...
Future Directions of Clinical Epidemiology in the Philippines
Authors: Domingo Ernesto O. 
Published: February 2023

Greetings!
I would like to start with a disclaimer. What I will suggest as the future direction of clinicalepidemiology is only one of the many directions the discipline may pursue. I will not feel disrespectedif what eventually gets adapted comes from someone else. A decision like this must becollegial and adopted only after an exhaustive and perceptive, not to mention evidence-based,collegial debate.Take the Department of Clinical Epidemiology (DCE) in particular. We, in the DCE, can take the cuefrom the University. The University’s direction in the next century, though still tentative, is the productof a yearlong assessment by personalities from within and outside the institution. As of now, while still a work in progress, the three pathways identified look elegant in their simplicity and clarity. I like to share them with you because the DCE’s future directions must reflect those of the University...
The Accessibility and Utilization of Mobile Phones among TB Patients: A Feasibility Survey for Short Messaging Service (SMS) as a Strategy to Improve Adherence to TB Services
Authors: Alejandria Marissa M. , Amarillo Maria Lourdes E. , Lansang Mary Ann D. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To estimate the proportion of TB patients who have access to mobile phones and to describe mobile phone utilization practices of TB patients.Methods: Six public and six private TB clinics representing the four districts of Metro Manila and one institution in Cavite were purposively selected for this cross-sectional survey conducted in 2006. Using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, patients suspected to have TB, those newly diagnosed and those currently on treatment under either DOTS or non-DOTS were interviewed.Results: Of the 337 patients interviewed, 65% (95% CI 60.2 to 70.6) have access to mobile phones (45% currently own a mobile phone and 20% share a mobile phone with a household member). The mean duration of ownership was 1.8 years (SD1.7). Almost all had prepaid subscriptions (99%) and 72% had some credit/load in their mobile phones at the time of interview. Of the three existing networks, subscription to SMART was highest, followed by the Globe network. Most of them use their phones for social purposes and emergency-related communications.Most of the respondents were male (60%) in the age group of 20-39 (54%) and 40-59 years old (33%). Half of the respondents were from public TB clinics (52%). On multivariable analysis, patients consulting in private clinics [OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.36 to 3.74], belonging to the younger age of <20 [OR 4.54, 95% CI 1.48 to 13.89] and 20 - 39 years old [OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.48 to 4.39], who had college education [OR 4.97, 95% CI 1.84 to 13.43] and currently employed [OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.92 to 5.47] were more likely to have access to mobile phones.
Conclusion: Considering the fair access (65%) to mobile phones of the patients interviewed, it is feasible to conduct a pilot intervention using SMS as a strategy to improve adherence to treatment. The intervention should consider that majority use prepaid subscriptions and that sharing of phones among household members is a common practice.
Epidemiological Risk Factors for Cancers of the Lung, Breast, Colon-rectum & Oral cavity: A case-control study in the Philippines
Authors: Ngelangel Corazon A. , Javelosa Mark Anthony U. , Cutiongco-de la Paz Eva Maria C. , The Philippine Cancer Genetics Study Group  
Published: February 2023

Introduction. In the Philippines, lung, breast, colon-rectum, and oral cavity cancers are among the top 10 most common cancers. This study evaluates the risk factors for these cancers among Filipinos.
Methods. This age-matched case-control study included incident primary cancers (histologically-diagnosed) of the lung, breast (also matched for sex), colon-rectum and oral cavity. Controls(clinically free and no history of cancer) were obtained from the same tertiary hospitals as the cases. Target sample size was 283 cases and 283 controls per cancer type. Conditional logistic regression was done.
Results. Exposure to cigarette/tobacco was a significant risk factor for lung (OR of current smoker compared to non-smoker [95% Confidence Interval]: 3.6 [1.6-7.9]) and oral cavity cancers (2.0 [1.2-3.3]); family history (1st degree) for lung (4.3 [1.3 – 14.2]) and breast cancers (3.0 [1.2-7.5]); every year increase in age at first pregnancy for breast cancer (1.06 [1.02-1.11]). Other risk factors for oral cavitywere passive smoking (2.8 [1.6-5.1]), chewing tobacco (5.2[1.4-19.5]) and inverted cigarette smoking (3.2[1.3-8.1]). Fish sauce (patis) was found to be a protective factor for breast cancer (0.34 [0.22-0.51]) and oral cavity (0.44 [0.25-0.78]) and use of shrimp paste (bagoong) (0.48 [0.27-0.84]) for oral cavity.
Conclusion and Recommendations. Except for family history of cancer, the identified risk factors for lung, colon-rectum, and oral cavity cancers are preventable. Proper diet and lifestyle, avoidanceof cigarettes and tobacco, and environmental safety in the workplace are key cancer prevention measures. Public awareness campaign and continuing healthcare provider education must always be part of a cancer prevention program.
Review on Pharmacovigilance
Authors: Dasrao A. Patil  , Sanjay K. Bais  , Salunkhe Rajsinh Ashok  
Published: February 2023

Clinical trials are studies that examine brand-new techniques for illness prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and screening is called clinical trials.
Clinical trial phases:
The following phases of clinical trials:
•	One) PHASE I
•	Two) PHASE I
•	Three) PHASE III
•	Fourth) PHASE IV
Social Work with Addictions
Authors: Barber James G. 
Published: February 2023

The new edition of this important text has been fully revised and is an essential resource for those working in the field of drug addiction.
Drug misuse tends to be encountered in the context of other, often more pressing social problems, such as child abuse, homelessness, domestic violence or emergency relief. This book responds to the needs of social workers in this position by covering the spectrum of brief, empirically validated intervention methods which can be readily incorporated into broader casework plans at any stage of the change process, from extreme resistance to avoidance of relapse.
This clear and realistic text employs social work's 'person-in-situation' perspective to identify targets of intervention at the level of individuals, families and even the broader social policy context. It includes new material on recent or more commonly used substances such as designer drugs and methamphetamine. It also provides an update on the latest research evidence on the aetiology and psychosocial treatment of addictions. This is an invaluable, versatile text that is wholly attuned to social work needs.
New to this Edition:
- Includes new material on 'designer drugs' and other new, commonly used substances
The Welfare State in Britain since 1945
Authors: Lowe Rodney 
Published: February 2023

Women born in mid twentieth-century Britain were the 'welfare state generation' – not only were their lives fundamentally shaped by the welfare state, they helped to transform it. In this ground-breaking work, Eve Worth examines the impact of the welfare state on the life course of women whose opportunities and social experiences were formed by it in the post-1945 period.
Centred around an oral history study, this book argues that the welfare state was so central to the lives of women born in Britain between the late 1930s and early 1950s that they should be considered the 'welfare state generation'. The post-war expansion of the welfare state was one of the most transformative political changes of the twentieth century, yet we know little about its development in practice, nor its long-term impact on those who grew up within it. Using a ground-breaking life history methodology to examine women from their birth in the long 1940s to retirement in the mid-2010s, it includes thirty-six original life history interviews alongside social surveys and the Census for wider context
By deploying a cross-class approach, this book moves the discussion on from just looking at university-educated women, to include women often overlooked in gender and social studies.
Re-conceptualising the causes of social mobility in post-war Britain, exploring a new understanding of work and an updated periodisation of welfare state development, The Welfare State Generation offers a new approach to the history of class and gender, arguing that we need to move beyond the focus on women's emotions and personal identity, to consider their experiences and relationships with the state as employer, educator and provider.
Fat-free Muscle Index Predicts Overall Survival in Mass-forming Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Patients: A Sex-stratified Analysis
Authors: Li Hualing , Zhang Han , Liao Zhouyan , Liu Qiufeng , Kuang Dong , Luo Yan , Hu Xuemei , Yang Yang , Li Zhen 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with malignancies, it remains unclear whether the sex discrepancy of sarcopenia or muscle loss leads to different prognoses in patients with mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (MICC).Material and methodsPatients who were pathologically diagnosed with MICC and underwent partial hepatectomy between 2012 and 2019 were recruited. Fat-free muscle areas (FFMA) were defined as areas of bilateral erector spinae muscles on dual-echo T1-weighted gradient-recalled-echo images at the level of radix of the superior mesenteric artery. FFMI (fat-free skeletal muscle index) was calculated by dividing FFMA by individual’s height squared. The prognostic value of FFMI was investigated using Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox regressions in both the entire cohort and sex-specific subgroups.ResultsA total of 157 patients were finally included. Cutoff values for the definition of low FFMI were 14.19 cm2/m2 in males and 11.07 cm2/m2 in females. Patients with low FFMI had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than those with high FFMI in the entire cohort (19.42 vs 35.29 months, p=0.0067) and male patients (17.25 vs 37.19 months, p=0.006), but not females. Multivariate analyses showed that low FFMI was a significant predictor of OS in the entire cohort (HR 1.725, 95%CI 1.054-2.821, p=0.03) and male patients (HR 2.145, 95%CI 1.113-4.133, p=0.023). No association between FFMI and disease-free survival was found in both the entire cohort and sex-specific subgroups.ConclusionsPreoperative FFMI measured by MRI is a prognostic biomarker for OS in MICC patients, and it is more sensitive in males than in females.
Keberkesanan Model Responseto-Intervention (RTI) dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematik Berayat Murid Sekolah Rendah
Authors: Ishak Mohd. Zaki , Abu Bakar Narawi 
Published: February 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti sama ada pengajaran menyelesaikan masalah matematik berayat menggunakan model Response-to-Intervention (RTI) dapat meningkatkan pencapaian murid berpencapaian rendah. Kajian kes ini dijalankan dengan melibatkan sembilan orang murid di sebuah sekolah rendah luarbandar di Miri Sarawak. Mereka mengikuti intervensi 17 siri yang dikendalikan oleh penyelidik. Data pemerhatian, temu bual dan analisis dokumen diperoleh telah dianalisis mengikut Model Klasifikasi Empirikal Nitsa Movshovitz-Hadar yang telah diubah suai terdiri daripada kesilapan, sama ada jenis kesilapan menggunakan nombor, kesalahan mentafsir bahasa, membuat pasangan nombor tidak tepat, salah konsep nilai tempat dan nilai digit, penyelesaian yang tidak diteruskan atau kesilapan teknikal. Daripada analisis yang telah dijalankan, kesilapan yang paling kerap dilakukan oleh peserta ialah kesilapan mentafsir bahasa.
This study aimed to identify whether the teaching of solving mathematical word problems using the Response-to-Intervention (RTI) Model can increase the low-achiever studentsâ€™ achievement. This case study is carried outinvolving nine students at a rural primary school in Miri, Sarawak. They followed the 17 series of interventions conducted by the researchers. Data observation, interviews and analysis of documents obtained were analysed according to the modified Nitsa Movshovitz-Hadar Empirical Classification Model consists of errors, either numbering errors, language interpretation errors, numbers pairing errors, conceptual errors of place value and digit value, discontinued resolution or technical mistake. From the analysis carried out, the most frequent errors made by the participants is the language interpretation error.
Pencapaian murid menggunakan Modul CAFЀ melalui pendekatan konstruktivism dalam subjek Fizik musim pandemik COVID 19
Authors: Chin Fah Sing  
Published: February 2023

Pandemik COVID-19 telah mempengaruhi sistem pendidikan di seluruh dunia, yang terpaksa melaksanakan PdPr dalam talian secara mengejut. Walaupun PdPr dalam talian berjaya dijalankan namun perancangan yang teliti adalah amat penting memandangkan pengembangan sumber daya teknologi dan manusia adalah terhad, masa penyediaan mengikut keadaan semasa, tambahan lagi kesediaan murid dari segi kepelbagaian mental emosi murid. Memandangkan musim pandemik yang melanda negara yang memaksa pengajaran dan pembelajaran harus dipindahkan ke format dalam talian, kajian tindakan ini dilaksanakan bertujuan meningkatkan pencapaian 8 orang murid rawatan yang dikesan gagal menguasai kemahiran menjawab Kertas 2 Subjek Fizik dan seterusnya menyebabkan kegagalan dalam subjek Fizik. Memandangkan mereka merupakan kumpulan murid calon Peperiksan SPM, maka penggunaan Modul CAFÉ digunapakai dengan pendekatan Konsturktivisme dalam meningkatkan prestasi pencapaian peperiksaan. Data kajian dikutip dan diukur melalui kutipan markah analisis item kertas 2 subjek Fizik selepas Peperiksaan Pertengahan Tahun dan Ahir Tahun serta Peperiksaan SPM 2020. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme melalui Modul CAFÉ, kumpulan murid rawatan ini mampu menguasai teknik menjawab dengan baik dan seterusnya meningkatkan pencapaian dalam subjek Fizik.

The COVID-19 pandemic has engulfed education systems around the world that forced pupils to learn via online PdPr. Even though online learning is carried out successfully however careful planning is very important due to the limited of human technological resources, preparation time, in addition the readiness of the students in terms of the mental and emotional diversity of the students. While the pandemic season that hit the country and forcing teaching and learning to be switched to online mode, this action research was implemented with the aim of improving performance of 8 pupils who detected continuously failing in their Paper 2 Physics which directly affecting Physics subject which consists of 3 papers. As they are a group of SPM (Malaysia Certificate of Education) examination candidates, the use of CAFÉ Module with constructivism approach in improving pupils’ performance. Research data were collected and measured through the analysis of Paper 2 Analysis items Physics subjects during the Mid –Year, Year End Examination and SPM 2020 Examination for Physics subject.
MITOS ASAL-USUL KOSMOLOGI MURUT PALUAN DAN KADAZANDUSUN: SATU PERBANDINGAN
Authors: Karimon Jacquelina , Mohd. Radzi Shaiful Bahri 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Cosmology myth is a defender of past belief. This cosmology layer is structured and brighten the belief of Murut Paluan and Kadazandusun society in Sabah. The cosmology become the determinant of the custom construction, prediction and the ritual of their heritage. This cosmology also is the source that lighten the identity of the both ethnic society that still attached strongly in their belief. Some of the traditional treasures continues to be played out in today’s dynamic and contemporary world. The cosmology structure brings forward the role of Aki Kinapuno (God of Murut Paluan) and Kinorohingan (God of Kadazandusun) in two different ethnics world. All the cosmology layers are represented by differences and similarity as human shelter to live life in harmony and orderly. The research source that based on field work is supported by scientific study of previous researcher. Thus, this method provides an analysis and statement that suitable to be paired up for comparison. The focus of this study is to presented the difference and similarity of cosmology myth of Murut Paluan. The highlight of the differences indirectly reminisces the authentic story to reveal the myths as an axis of belief. This belief has an impact of strengthening to their identity even though globalisation phase has given erosion of value in today’s context.

ABSTRAK
Mitos kosmologi adalah pendukung kepercayaan silam. Piramid kepercayaan ini tersusun dan menyuburkan mitos Murut Paluan dan Kadazandusun di Sabah. Kosmologi ini menjadi penentu kepada pembinaan adat, ramalan dan ritual nenek moyang mereka. Kosmologi ini juga menjadi sumber yang memancarkan jati diri masyarakat kedua-dua etnik yang masih ada dalam kepercayaan mereka. Beberapa tempias khazanah tradisi diserap dalam dunia yang dinamik dan kontemporari kini. Struktur kosmologi ini menampilkan peranan Aki Kinapuno (Tuhan Murut Paluan) dan Kinorohingan (Tuhan Kadazandusun) dalam dua dunia etnik yang berbeza. Semua lapisan kosmologi ini terdapat perbezaan dan persamaan sebagai teduhan manusia untuk menjalankan kehidupan dalam keadaan harmoni dan teratur. Sumber kajian yang berorentasikan kajian lapangan ini disokong oleh kajian ilmiah yang pernah dikaji oleh penyelidik sebelumnya. Oleh itu, kaedah ini menujukkan analisis atau kenyataan yang sesuai digandingkan untuk perbandingan. Tumpuan kajian ini adalah ingin mengemukakan perbezaan dan persamaan mitos asal-usul kosmologi Murut Paluan. Penonjolan perbandingan ini secara tidak langsung mengimbas kisah autentik untuk mengungkapkan mitos sebagai paksi kepercayaan untuk kembali kepada jati diri manusia walaupun fasa globalisasi memberi hakisan nilai terhadap kepercayaan mereka.
KELOMPOK TEMA “TUKADAN” DALAM SUBJEK BAHASA KADAZANDUSUN
Authors: Buyoh Rozita , Jane Wong Kon Ling  , Caroline L. Loven  
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Tukadan or proverbs are one aspect of the Kadazandusun language. This aspect is taught in the Puralan Boros (grammar) section, and it is a question item in the PT3 assessment and SPM examination. However, teachers face challenges in teaching Tukadan or proverbs as all proverbs stipulated in the Puralan Boros book need to be mastered by students. With regards to this, this study aims to identify the main category of tukadan themes based on their meaning as well as to identify the moral values ​​contained in each of the proverbs. Document analysis was performed on each of the 123 list of proverbs contained in the Puralan Boros Bahasa Kadazandusun id Sikul. The results showed that the proverbs in the Kadazandusun language consisted of a minimum of one word up to a maximum of nine words and can be divided into five main themes or groups which are: proverbs used for praising, guidance, advice, insinuate and to compare. The moral values of these proverbs ​​can be divided into positive and negative values, ​​but both are intended to educate. In addition, this study found that there are some proverbs that fail to show their functions clearly because they simply provide a description of the characteristic or the physical aspect of the proverb. The significance of this study is to facilitate the process of PdPc of the Kadazandusun Language Subjects especially for BKD teachers in secondary schools.

ABSTRAK
Tukadan atau peribahasa merupakan salah satu aspek yang terkandung dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Kadazandusun. Aspek ini diajarkan dalam bahagian Puralan Boros (tatabahasa) dan menjadi item soalan dalam penilaian PT3 dan peperiksaan SPM. Walau bagaimanapun, guru menghadapi beberapa kesukaran mengajarkan aspek ini kerana kesemua tukadan yang disenaraikan secara umum dalam buku Puralan Boros perlu dikuasai oleh murid. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kelompok tema utama tukadan serta mengenal pasti nilai-nilai murni yang terkandung dalam setiap tukadan. Analisis dokumen dilakukan ke atas keseluruhan 123 senarai tukadan yang terkandung dalam buku Puralan Boros Bahasa Kadazandusun id Sikul. Hasil kajian mendapati tukadan dalam subjek Bahasa Kadazandusun terdiri daripada minimun satu perkataan sehingga sepanjang sembilan perkataan dan dapat dibahagikan kepada lima tema atau kelompok utama iaitu Pujian, Pedoman, Nasihat, Sindiran dan Perbandingan. Nilai murni pula dapat dibahagikan kepada nilai positif dan nilai negatif namun kedua-dua elemen tersebut bertujuan untuk mendidik atau menegur secara halus. Selain itu, kajian ini mendapati adanya beberapa tukadan yang tidak memperlihatkan fungsinya yang jelas kerana maknanya hanyalah memberi gambaran sifat atau fizikal sesuatu perkara. Signifikan kajian ini adalah memudahkan proses PdPc aspek tukadan dalam Subjek Bahasa Kadazandusun khususnya untuk guru-guru BKD di sekolah menengah.