bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-Reported Outcomes Collection at an Urban HIV Clinic Associated With a Historically Black Medical College in the Southern United States: Qualitative Interview Study Among Patients With HIV
Authors: Parisot III Paul E , Wheeler Facerlyn , Bonnet Kemberlee , Rebeiro Peter F , Schember Cassandra O , McCainster Korlu , Cooper Robert L , Berthaud Vladimir , Schlundt David G , Pettit April C 
Published: March 2023

Background
Black Americans, particularly in the southern United States, are disproportionately affected by the US HIV epidemic. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) data collection can improve patient outcomes and provide oft-overlooked data on mental health, substance use, and patient adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Objective
We piloted the use of an electronic tablet to collect PRO data on social and behavioral determinants of health among people with HIV at the Meharry Community Wellness Center, an HIV clinic affiliated with a Historically Black Medical College in Nashville, Tennessee. Our primary objective was to better understand patients’ experiences and comfort with using an electronic PRO tool through patient interviews.

Methods
We enrolled 100 people with HIV in care at the Meharry Community Wellness Center consecutively to completely validate PRO tools using the Research Electronic Data Capture platform on a hand-held tablet. Using a purposive sampling strategy, we enrolled 20 of the 100 participants in an in-depth interview (IDI). Interview guide development was grounded in the cognitive-behavioral model, in which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interrelated. IDIs were audio recorded, transcribed, deidentified, and formatted for coding. A hierarchical coding system was developed and refined using an inductive-deductive approach.

Results
Among the 100 people with HIV enrolled, the median age was 50 (IQR 42-54) years; 89% (n=89) were Black, 60% (n=60) were male, and 82% (n=82) were living below 100% of the federal poverty level in 2016. Five major interview themes emerged: overall experience, question content, sensitive topics, clinic visit impact, and future recommendations. IDI participants felt that the tablet was easy to use and that the question content was meaningful. Question content related to trauma, sexual and drug use behaviors, mental health, stigma, and discrimination elicited uncomfortable or distressing feelings in some participants. Patients expressed a strong desire to be truthful, and most would complete these surveys without compensation at future visits if offered.

Conclusions
The use of an electronic tablet to complete PRO data collection was well received by this cohort of vulnerable persons in HIV care in the southern United States. Despite some discomfort related to question content, our cohort overwhelmingly believed this was a meaningful part of their medical experience and expressed a high desire for truthfulness. Future research will focus on scaling up the implementation and evaluation of PRO data collection in a contextually appropriate manner while obtaining input from providers and staff to ensure that the collected data are both applicable and actionable.
Artificial Intelligence Teaching as Part of Medical Education: Qualitative Analysis of Expert Interviews
Authors: Weidener Lukas , Fischer Michael 
Published: March 2023

Background
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine is expected to increase significantly in the upcoming years. Advancements in AI technology have the potential to revolutionize health care, from aiding in the diagnosis of certain diseases to helping with treatment decisions. Current literature suggests the integration of the subject of AI in medicine as part of the medical curriculum to prepare medical students for the opportunities and challenges related to the use of the technology within the clinical context.

Objective
We aimed to explore the relevant knowledge and understanding of the subject of AI in medicine and specify curricula teaching content within medical education.

Methods
For this research, we conducted 12 guideline-based expert interviews. Experts were defined as individuals who have been engaged in full-time academic research, development, or teaching in the field of AI in medicine for at least 5 years. As part of the data analysis, we recorded, transcribed, and analyzed the interviews using qualitative content analysis. We used the software QCAmap and inductive category formation to analyze the data.

Results
The qualitative content analysis led to the formation of three main categories (“Knowledge,” “Interpretation,” and “Application”) with a total of 9 associated subcategories. The experts interviewed cited knowledge and an understanding of the fundamentals of AI, statistics, ethics, and privacy and regulation as necessary basic knowledge that should be part of medical education. The analysis also showed that medical students need to be able to interpret as well as critically reflect on the results provided by AI, taking into account the associated risks and data basis. To enable the application of AI in medicine, medical education should promote the acquisition of practical skills, including the need for basic technological skills, as well as the development of confidence in the technology and one’s related competencies.

Conclusions
The analyzed expert interviews’ results suggest that medical curricula should include the topic of AI in medicine to develop the knowledge, understanding, and confidence needed to use AI in the clinical context. The results further imply an imminent need for standardization of the definition of AI as the foundation to identify, define, and teach respective content on AI within medical curricula.
Migración irregular por el mar: una amenaza tanto para los Estados como para la preservación de la vida humana en el mar
Authors: Ruiz Rojas Paola Andrea 
Published: March 2023

La migración irregular por vía marítima es un fenómeno global de alta complejidad. Cada año, miles de migrantes -en condición de irregularidad-, arriesgan sus vidas en el mar tratando de huir de la violencia, los conflictos armados y la pobreza que se presenta en sus países de origen. Ante el recrudecimiento de las políticas migratorias de los Estados y los estrictos controles fronterizos actuales, miles de migrantes se atreven a emprender travesías marítimas ilegales en aras de lograr llegar a los países de destino escogidos. En la migración irregular por vía marítima, intervienen una serie de actores ilegales que convierten dichos procesos migratorios en serias amenazas tanto para los Estados como para la preservación de la vida humana en el mar.
Se ha logrado evidenciar, que los miles de migrantes que anualmente emprenden travesías por los mares del mundo se han convertido en víctimas de tráfico de personas, actividades comerciales ilegales, violencia, abuso físico, laboral y sexual, entre otros. Ante la crisis humanitaria que se ha desatado como consecuencia de la migración irregular por el mar, diferentes organismos, entidades e instituciones, se han dado a la tarea de crear mecanismos para garantizar que las rutas migratorias por el mar sean cada vez más seguras, y que los Estados puedan garantizar el salvamento de los migrantes que naufraguen en sus mares y costas.
Sintesis Lapisan Antikorosi Menggunakan Tanin Ekstrak Daun Ketapang (Terminalia Catappa L) sebagai Inhibitor dengan Metode Elektrodeposisi dan Pencelupan
Authors: Loveanda Disgie Ulfika , Dahlan Dahyunir 
Published: March 2023

A research has been carried out on the effect of the Terminalia Catappa L extract Â as an inhibitor on the corrosion rate of commercial steel St-37. This study aims to form a layer on the steel surface. The coating using electrodeposition and immersion methods. The layers were made of 1 M CuSO4 solution, 0.24 M boric acid (H3BO3) and distilled water with the addition of Ketapang leaf extract at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% by volume in the electrodeposition method and 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% in the dyeing method. The characterization was carried out using an optical microscope and XRD characterization, while the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency were obtained using the weight loss method. The optimum corrosion rate and efficiency of the inhibitor occurred at a variation of the inhibitor concentration of 3%. In the electrodeposition method the corrosion rate was 3.3 x 10-3 g/cm2.hour with 71% inhibition efficiency and in the immersion method the corrosion rate was 4.4 x 10-3 g/cm2.hour with 34% inhibition efficiency. The surface morphology of the steel coating using the electrodeposition and immersion methods obtained smooth and even results.Â
Rancang Bangun Alat Penguras Air Pada Wadah Penampungan Berbasis Turbidity Sensor SEN0189
Authors: Gusri Abdul Jailani , Harmadi Harmadi 
Published: March 2023

Telah dihasilkanÂ rancang bangun penguras air pada wadah penampungan berbasis turbidity sensor SEN0189.Â Alat ini terdiri dari turbidity sensor SEN0189, sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04, motor DC, Pompa DC, relay, LCD, dan modul Arduino UNO.Â Turbidity sensor SEN0189 mengindra tingkat kekeruhan air dan nilai kekeruhan air diproses pada modul Arduino UNO, serta ditampilkan pada LCD.Â Ketika kekeruhan air melewati nilai batas ambang sebesar 25 NTU maka sistem akan membersihkan serta menguras air sampai wadah penampungan bersih dan air didalam wadah penampungan kosong atau ketinggian air sama dengan nol.Â Ketinggian air di dalam wadah penampungan diukur oleh sensor ultrsonik HC-SR04 dan nilai ketinggian air digunakan untuk mengatur pengisian air pada wadahÂ penampungan.Â Persentase kesalahan pengukuran kekeruhan air dari alat yang dirancang sebesar 7,7% dibandingkan dengan alat standar turbidity meter Lutron TU-2016 dan alat ini mampu menampilkan kekeruhan air secara realtime.
Penentuan Konsentrasi Radionuklida (226Ra, 210Pb, 210Po dan 40K) pada Tembakau Rokok yang Beredar di Kota Padang Menggunakan Spektrometer Gamma dan RAD7
Authors: Siyami Rizka Mutik , Milvita Dian , Kusdiana Kusdiana 
Published: March 2023

Telah dilakukan pengukuran konsentrasi radionuklida (226Ra, 210Pb, 210Po dan 40K) pada tembakau rokok di Kota Padang menggunakan spektrometer gamma dan RAD7.Â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi radionuklida pada tembakau rokok dan mengestimasi dosis efektif tahunan yang diterima perokok.Â Pengukuran konsentrasi radionuklida dilakukan pada 3 merek tembakau rokok, diawali dengan preparasi sampel, kalibrasi spektrometer gamma dan RAD7, serta pengukuran konsentrasi radionuklida.Â Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 226Ra terukur pada semua sampel dengan nilai tertinggi ialah (2,29 Â± 0,56) Bq/kg.Â Konsentrasi 210Po terukur pada semua sampel dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu 1,61 Bq/kg.Â Konsentrasi 40K terukur di semua sampel tembakau rokok dengan nilai tertinggi ialah (1.069,05 Â± 101,97) Bq/kg. Konsentrasi radionuklida 210Pb tidak terukur pada semua sampel.Â Estimasi dosis efektif tahunan yang diterima perokok paling tinggi berasal dari radionuklida 226Ra yaitu 36,1 Î¼Sv/tahun, estimasi dosis efektif tahunan total ialah 88,5 Î¼Sv/tahun.Â Nilai konsentrasi radionuklida yang terukur melebihi batas konsentrasi radionuklida oleh IAEA TE 1788, sedangkan nilai estimasi dosis efektif tahunan yang didapatkan tidak melebihi batas dosis yang ditetapkan UNSCEAR 2010.
Analisis Multi-Atribut Dan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Dengan Optimasi Filter Untuk Deteksi Patahan Pada Penampang Seismik Lapangan Penobscot Kanada
Authors: Darma Yudi , Pujiastuti Dwi 
Published: March 2023

Identifikasi patahan merupakan salah satu langkah awal dalam interpretasi seismic dan menjadi komponen penting dalam pengembangan strategi eksplorasi. Deteksi patahan dilakukan dengan metode analisis multi-atribut. Metode ini diterapkan pada data Lapangan Penobscot Kanada. Atribut seismik yang digunakan sebagai data masukan terdiri dari similarity, spectral decomposition, curvature, dip dan semblance. Pickset yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari pickset pada patahan besar dan patahan kecil dengan jumlah pick 400. Data latih yang digunakan pada pelatihan JST adalah penampang seismik pada crossline 1271. Penampang seismik yang digunakan sebagai data uji adalah crossline 1305. Hasil penelitian menunjukan efektifitas yang paling tinggi untuk deteksi patahan dihasilkan pada pelatihan JST dengan kombinasi atribut similarity, spectral decomposition dan semblance. Pelatihan JST pada patahan besar secara visual menghasilkan kualitas deteksi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan patahan kecil. Penerapan fault enhancement filter (FEF) menghasilkan penampang seismik yang lebih tajam sehingga mempermudah proses picking dan menghasilkan pelatihan JST yang lebih baik dengan nilai error lebih kecil. Pickset yang sudah dilatih pada crossline 1271 dapat diterapkan pada data uji dengan probabilitas patahan yang makin jelas dan tajam dengan nilai misclassification error 6,98%.Â Kata kunci: deteksi patahan, jaringan syaraf tiruan, analisis atribut
Which Exercise Approaches Work for Relieving Cancer-Related Fatigue? A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Bei , Qi Yishu , Lin Lu , Liu Tingting , Wang Shaotong , Zhang Yueyue , Yuan Yang , Cheng Hui , Chen Qiuyun , Fang Qian , Xie Zhengyang , Tian Li 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE: To determine the most effective exercise modalities for managing cancer-related fatigue during and after cancer treatment. DESIGN: Network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials. LITERATURE SEARCH: Seven electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to January 2022. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials testing the effects of exercise on relieving cancer-related fatigue in adult patients with cancer. DATA SYNTHESIS: An NMA of 56 studies was conducted, and the PRISMA-NMA guidelines were followed when reporting results. To determine the most effective interventions, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value was calculated for each exercise modality. RESULTS: Combined aerobic and resistance exercise (standardized mean difference [SMD], 1.57; credible interval [CrI], 1.03–2.10), yoga (SMD, 1.02; CrI: 0.44, 1.60), and regular physical activity (SMD, 1.07; CrI: 0.21, 1.92) could significantly alleviate cancer-related fatigue compared to control groups (usual care, wait-list, and regular physical activity). Combined aerobic and resistance exercise (SUCRA, 97.2%) had the highest probability of efficacy, followed by yoga (SUCRA, 75.5%) and regular physical activity (SUCRA, 74.1%). During cancer treatment, combined aerobic and resistance exercise (SUCRA, 94.5%) ranked first in efficacy, followed by regular physical activity (SUCRA, 82.1%) and yoga (SUCRA, 73.8%). After cancer treatment, only combined aerobic and resistance exercise (SMD, 0.99; CrI: 0.13, 1.84) had a significant effect on cancer-related fatigue. CONCLUSION: Combined aerobic and resistance exercise, yoga, and regular physical activity were the most effective exercise modalities for alleviating cancer-related fatigue. Combined aerobic and resistance exercise is recommended during and after cancer treatment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(6):343–352. Epub: 23 March 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.11251
Potential Characteristics Of Biopori Absorption In Mandalika Terminal Area
Authors: Jaya Negara I Dewa Gede , Supriyadi Anid , Alit Karyawan I Dewa Made , Suroso Agus , Hanifah Lilik , Azmi Muhammad Khoirul 
Published: March 2023

Pengembangan ekonomi masyarakat di Kota Mataram sudah semakin menggeliat dengan berkembangnya pembangunan Terminal dan Pasar Mandalika saat ini. Pembangunan tersebut menimbulkan perubahan fungsi lahan sawah menjadi aspal atau beton dan hal ini telah mengurangi daerah resapan wilayah hulu Kota Mataram. Perubahan fungsi lahan tersebut telah meningkatkan jumlah limpasan didaerah sekitarnya saat musim hujan sehingga sering terjadi genangan-genangan dan perlu ditangani. Studi ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik peresapan dengan lubang resapan biopori (LRB) yang dibandingkan dengan klasifikasi Uhland and O,Neal,1951 dan potensinya.Uji biopori dilakukan pada lahan 0,3844 ha dengan 6 titik uji yang terdiri dari 1 uji kontrol dan 5 uji biopori perlakuan dengan sampah organik, dengan panjang pipa PVC biopori 60 cm berdiameter 10 cm. Kemampuan resapan LRB uji dan kontrol memiliki kemampuan infiltrasi termasuk sangat cepat dengan dua potensi infiltrasi yaitu 80cm/jam – 100 cm/jam dan 200 cm/jam – 250 cm/jam. Laju resapan konstan diperoleh pada durasi 60 menit untuk semua LRB.
PERBANDINGAN RESPON SEISMIK STRUKTUR GEDUNG SISTEM KONVENSIONAL DENGAN SISTEM ISOLASI DASAR (STUDI KASUS: GEDUNG TEMPAT EVAKUASI SEMENTARA, BANGSAL, KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA)
Authors: Kencanawati Ni Nyoman , Aprianingsih Lia , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Ngudiyono Ngudiyono , Mahmud Fathmah , Widianty Desi 
Published: March 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki potensi gempa tinggi, untuk itu perlu usaha mereduksi dampak yang timbul akibat gempa terutama pada struktur bangunan. Struktur yang dianalisis adalah gedung Tempat Evakuasi Sementara (TES) yang berada di Bangsal, Lombok Utara. Gedung ini terdiri dari 4 lantai dan akan dilakukan analisis tiga dimensi pada struktur fixed base dan struktur yang menggunakan base isolator bertipe lead rubber bearing (LRB), friction pendulum system (FPS) dan high damping rubber bearing (HDRB). Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan diameter isolator tipe LRB dan HDRB sebesar 750 mm, sementara diameter FPS sebesar 1180 mm. Dengan menggunakan base isolator terjadi peningkatan periode struktur untuk tipe LRB, FPS dan HDRB berturut-turut sebesar 1,812 detik; 1,957 detik dan 1,435 detik. Terjadi juga peningkatan pada simpangan dasar arah x dan y pada tipe LRB, HDRB dan FPS, yakni berturut-turut sebesar 96,42%; 96,99%; 94,15% dan 93,84%; 93,16%; 89,97%. Sementara itu, terjadi penurunan pada simpangan antar lantai arah x berturut-turut sebesar 64,2%; 63,73%, 64,7% dan arah y sebesar 60,65%; 62,61%; 56,67%. Base isolator tidak langsung menyentuh pondasi melainkan dihubungkan dengan kolom pedestal yang berdiameter 1500 mm dengan tulangan 54 D25. Sementara itu untuk menghubungkan antara isolator dengan kolom pedestal digunakan base plate dengan tebal 20 mm dan panjang baut angkur sebesar 700 mm. Hasil analisis menunjukkan penggunaan base isolator dapat secara efektif memperbaiki respon struktur terhadap bahaya gempa, pada kasus ini pada gedung berlantai 4.
Assessing the Effect of Payroll Taxes on Formal Employment: The Case of the 2012
Tax Reform in Colombia
Authors: Morales Leonardo Fabio , Medina Carlos 
Published: March 2023

In 2013, Colombia implemented a tax reform that reduced payroll taxes by a total
of 13.5 percentage points of wages. This paper evaluates the effects of this component
of the 2012 Colombian tax reform on firms’ formal employment and average wages. We
construct a panel of firms based on their employees’ administrative records. To account
for the endogeneity of the treatment, we use an instrumental variables technique that
exploits the exogenous variation from the decisions of firms that are similar to each
other in several dimensions, but belong to different economic sectors. Based on our
preferred specification, we estimate a positive and significant increase in formal
employment, as a result of the implementation of the reform, of approximately 213,000
jobs in existing pre-reform firms. In the long run, these effects will increase to more
than 600,000 jobs. The effect of the reform on the average wages paid by firms was also
found to be positive for some sizes of firms, but the overall effect in the short run is
rather small. JEL Codes: E62, H25, J21, J3
The Impact of Export Restrictions on Production: A Synthetic Control
Approach
Authors: Garcia-Lembergman Ezequiel , Rossi Martin A. , Stucchi Rodolfo 
Published: March 2023

In spite of the generalized use of quantitative restrictions on exports, there is
little empirical research on their effectiveness to achieve the intended effects of
reducing exports, increasing production for the domestic market, and reducing domestic
prices. This paper aims at filling this gap by estimating the impact of quantitative
restrictions on beef cattle exports in Bolivia, applying a synthetic control approach.
Our main finding is that export restrictions have a negative impact not only on total
production, but also on production for the domestic market. This fact, together with an
increase in the domestic price, is consistent with a supply shift. The fact that export
controls can shift supply and actually harm production for the domestic market bears
important implications for the design of policies in the future. JEL Codes:
D22, F14, O13, O24
Enrollment, Graduation, and Dropout Rates in Latin America: Is the Glass Half Empty
or Half Full?
Authors: Bassi Marina , Busso Matias , Muñoz Juan Sebastián 
Published: March 2023

We use 292 household surveys from eighteen Latin American countries to document
patterns in secondary school graduation rates over the period 1990–2010. We find that
enrollment and graduation rates increased during that period, while dropout rates
decreased. We provide two types of explanations for these patterns. Countries
implemented changes on the supply side to improve access, by increasing the resources
allocated to education and designing policies to help students stay in school. Despite
this progress, graduation rates are still generally low, and there are remarkable gaps
in educational outcomes in terms of gender, income quintiles, and regions within
countries. The quality of education is also generally low. JEL
Classification: I21, I24, O54.
Does Drug Illegality Beget Violence? Evidence from the Crack-Cocaine Wave in São
Paulo
Authors: De Mello João M. P. 
Published: March 2023

Mimicking the so-called great American crime decline, violent crime in the state
of São Paulo dropped sharply in the 2000s after rising steadily throughout the 1980s and
1990s. This paper evaluates the role of crack cocaine in explaining the aggregate
dynamics in violence. Four facts are established. First, the aggregate data show a tight
comovement between the prevalence of crack cocaine and homicides. Second, using
city-level apprehension and possession data, I find a strong elasticity of violent crime
with respect to crack cocaine after controlling for year fixed effects, city effects,
and many time-varying covariates. I use the estimated elasticity to compute the
contribution of crack cocaine to aggregate violence. Crack explains 30 percent of time
series variation in the data. Third, only drug trafficking—not drug possession—has an
impact on homicides. Finally, I find no impact on property crimes, a weaker impact on
attempted murder, and, interestingly, a weak negative impact on aggravated assault. The
theory suggests that both facts—only trafficking matters and crack affects only
homicides, not property crime—can be rationalized only if drug-induced crime is driven
by systemic violence induced by illegality itself. These results are important for
policy because they suggest that violence will not follow the legalization of both the
possession and trade of powdered cocaine or crack cocaine. JEL Classification: I18,
K42, L13