bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in the application of MXenes for neural tissue engineering and regeneration
Authors: Liao Menghui , Cui Qingyue , Hu Yangnan , Xing Jiayue , Wu Danqi , Zheng Shasha , Zhao Yu , Yu Yafeng , Sun Jingwu , Chai Renjie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are crystal nanomaterials with a number of surface functional groups such as fluorine, hydroxyl, and oxygen, which can be used as carriers for proteins and drugs. MXenes have excellent biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, surface hydrophilicity, mechanical properties and easy surface modification. However, at present, the stability of most MXenes needs to be improved, and more synthesis methods need to be explored. MXenes are good substrates for nerve cell regeneration and nerve reconstruction, which have broad application prospects in the repair of nervous system injury. Regarding the application of MXenes in neuroscience, mainly at the cellular level, the long-termin vivobiosafety and effects also need to be further explored. This review focuses on the progress of using MXenes in nerve regeneration over the last few years; discussing preparation of MXenes and their biocompatibility with different cells as well as the regulation by MXenes of nerve cell regeneration in two-dimensional and three-dimensional environmentsin vitro. MXenes have great potential in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of nerve cells and in promoting regeneration and recovery after nerve injury. In addition, this review also presents the main challenges during optimization processes, such as the preparation of stable MXenes and long-termin vivobiosafety, and further discusses future directions in neural tissue engineering.
To Buy or Not to Buy: A Study of Halal Labelling and Celebrity Endorser on Purchase Decision
Authors: Haeruddin Muhammad Ilham Wardhana , Muis Mahlia , Ismail Muhammad , Pono Maat 
Published: July 2023

Aims: This study aims to determine the effect of Halal Labelling and Celebrity Endorser on Wardah Cosmetics Purchasing Decisions at students of the Faculty of Economics, Makassar State University.
Study Design: Quantitative descriptive.
Place and Duration of Study: Makassar City, from January to April 2023.
Methodology: The population in this study were active female students of the Faculty of Economics UNM class of 2022 with a population of 861 female students. Sampling using purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample size of 100 respondents. The coming analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS.
Results: The results of this study obtained a value of the Correlation Coefficient Test of 0.716 which indicates that there is a strong relationship between the two variables. Based on T test, it is found that the Halal Labelling has the strongest influence on purchasing decision. And R square of 0.503 means that the halal labelling variable and celebrity endorser have an influence of 50.3% on purchasing decisions, and the rest is influenced by other variables. This study shows that: 1) Halal labelling has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions; 2) Celebrity Endorser has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions.
Conclusion: There is an influence between Halal Labelling and Celebrity Endorser partially and simultaneously on Wardah Cosmetics Purchasing Decisions on students of the Faculty of Economics, Makassar State University.
Qualification of digital crimes against person: problematic issues
Authors: Perina Anzhela S. 
Published: July 2023

Subject of the research is the norms of the criminal law establishing responsibility for crimes against the person, as well as explanations reflected in the Resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 58 of December 24, 2019, No. 46 of December 25, 2018, No. 16 of December 04, 2014.
Purpose of the research is to improve the criminal law and law enforcement practice in terms of the qualification of new ways of committing traditional crimes against the person (murder, kidnapping, human trafficking, depraved acts, violations of the inviolability of the home), as well as socially dangerous acts, responsibility for which is not directly enshrined in the criminal law, but having the ability to harm human rights and personal freedoms in the conditions of digitalization (deepfakes, stalking, cyberbullying).
Methods and objects of research: one of the methods used was the formal logical approach to the cognition of legal phenomena; also, the methods used were methods of analogy, generalization, differentiation, comparative-legal and formal-legal methods of research of public relations in the field of protection of individual rights and freedoms.
Main results of research: is proposals have been formulated for the qualification of actions aimed at harming the individual through the use of modern technologies, as well as for improving the norms of the current criminal law and the provisions of the Resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in terms can influence the criminal legal assessment of the act in the conditions of criminal use of digital technologies against the individual.
Environmental controls on lifeguard-estimated surf-zone hazards, beach crowds, and resulting life risk at a high-energy sandy beach in southwest France
Authors: Castelle Bruno , Dehez Jeoffrey , Savy Jean-Philippe , Marieu Vincent , Lyser Sandrine , Bujan Stéphane , Carayon David , Brander Rob 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding and predicting surf zone risks is of paramount importance to prevent drowning incidents and severe spine injuries on beaches globally. This study holistically addressed life risk at La Lette Blanche beach, southwest France, during the lifeguard-patrolled summer period (July-August) 2022, where intense rip currents and shore-break waves co-exist at different times and locations along the beach. Beach crowds and the levels of rip current and shore-break wave hazards were estimated hourly by lifeguards during patrolling hours. Wave, tide and weather conditions were also continuously recorded, providing comprehensive insights into the primary environmental controls on surf zone hazards and beach attendance. Results show that the daily average rip current hazard increases with large, long-period and near shore-normal waves, while the shore-break wave hazard is increased for long-period, near shore-normal waves and large tide ranges. Beachgoer crowd numbers increase on warm, sunny and light wind days although a severe heat wave occurring in July 2022 significantly decreased daily average beach crowd and deeply affected beach use. Days characterized by strong hazards and large beach attendance were associated with the largest amount of lifeguard rescues and drowning incidents, although correlations decreased by the end of the summer. This is hypothesized to be the signature of evolving lifeguard strategies (e.g. preferred locations of the supervised bathing zone, prevention measures) as they progressively increase their understanding of the surf zone hazards variability in both time and space at their beach as a function of tidal stage and incident wave conditions. Warm, sunny and light-wind sunny days (maximizing beach crowds), with large, long-period shore-normally incident waves and large tide range (maximizing surf zone hazards) were the most risky days, with shore-break waves and rip current hazards notably peaking at different times of the day. This study shows that lifeguards can be a valuable source of data to improve understanding of the environmental controls on beach crowd, surf zone hazards and life risk at the beach, which provides critical information to the development of holistic beach risk predictors.
APPLICATION OF CALCULATION METHODS FOR SOLVING APPLIED PROBLEMS OF HEAT AND MASS EXCHANGE IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS
Authors: LEVKIN Dmytro 
Published: July 2023

The accuracy of the calculation and optimization of the objective function and its parameters when solving applied engineering problems depends on the accuracy of the formulation of the main optimization problem, calculation and applied optimization problems, as well as the accuracy of computational methods for their implementation. An increase in the considered features of applied optimization problems will complicate the setting and methods of implementing boundary value problems. Thus, for the implementation of modernized boundary value problems, it will be necessary to apply several computational methods that will create a computational structure. The main condition for constructing a physically based boundary value problem is to find and justify the conditions for the existence of a unique solution. To increase the efficiency of the use of methods of calculation and optimization of technical parameters, it is necessary to increase the number of considered features of calculation and applied optimization mathematical models for heat and mass transfer in technical systems. Along with the construction of boundary value problems, it is important to define and justify the conditions for the existence of a single solution.
The research article deals with some aspects of solving applied problems of heat and mass transfer in technical systems. Nonlocal boundary value problems for inhomogeneous and homogeneous pseudodifferential equations in partial derivatives with integral boundary conditions are considered, methods of solving a nonlocal inhomogeneous boundary value problem are proposed, and the correctness conditions of this problem in the class of infinitely differentiable generalized functions of power growth are defined and proven. Proved conditions for the existence of a correct problem for pseudo-differential equations with an integral boundary condition. The research of this article should be applied for controlling possible risks when solving applied problems in technical systems, biotechnology and veterinary medicine.
Argon plasma coagulation therapy in hemorrhagic radiation proctitis following pelvic radiation in gynecological malignancies
Authors: Jain Neeraj , Mohan Jerath Amitabh , Ramita Sharma , Kanchan Sachdeva , Amandeep Kaur , Meena Sudan 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Chronic radiation proctitis is a common chronic complication of malignant pelvic diseases after pelvic radiation therapy. Although, the incidence has decreased after advent of intensity-modulated radiotherapy due to better control of radiation dose to rectum. In the era of conventional two-field radiotherapy to pelvis, this was a common complication usually presenting after 1–2 years of treatment completion. Rectal bleeding caused by radiation proctitis is difficult to manage. Argon plasma coagulation (APC) is an electrocoagulation technique that appears to be an effective and low-cost alternative to the use of lasers in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of APC, as well as patients’ tolerance of the procedure, in the treatment of bleeding radiation-induced proctitis.

Materials and Methods:
Between January 2015 and August 2017, 29 patients of cancer cervix treated with definite radiotherapy both external and brachytherapy who suffered from rectal bleeding due to radiation proctitis were included for treatment with argon plasma laser (APC). Twenty-three patients suffered from anemia, 16 of whom required blood transfusion. APC was performed, applying the no-touch spotting technique at an electrical power of 40 Watt and an argon gas flow of 1.5–2.0 l/min. Pulse duration was <0.5 s. Treatment sessions were carried out at intervals of 3 weeks. Subjects received 2–4 treatment sessions.

Results:
Twenty-eight out of 29 patients were accessible for effects and results. APC led to persistent clinical and endoscopic remission of rectal bleeding after a median of three sessions. No adverse effects were encountered after initial treatment. All the patients were in complete remission.

Conclusions:
APC is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated treatment for rectal bleeding caused by chronic radiation proctitis. It should be considered as a first-line therapy for radiation proctitis.
Management of surgically inoperable muscle-invasive bladder cancer in a resource constraint setting at a tertiary care center by bladder preservation protocol: Case series
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Kumar Manish , Semwal M. K. , Singh Uday , Mishra Nilima 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Urinary bladder cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As per the data from the US cancer registry, it was diagnosed in nearly 71,000 patients and led to 14000 deaths in 2013. The Indian data in this regard are lacking with few case reports and epidemiological data only. The paucity of treatment data in this regard led us to undertake this prospective study at our radiation oncology canter. Carcinoma urinary bladder is a heterogeneous disease with variable natural history. Male preponderance and association with cigarette smoking appears to be the foremost in natural history of the disease. Our data analyzed the management of muscle-invasive medically and surgically inoperable carcinoma urinary bladder in a resource constraint setting at a tertiary care center by bladder preservation protocol (BPP).

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study was aimed to evaluate the treatment outcome in surgically inoperable muscle-invasive carcinoma urinary bladder in a resource constraint setting at a tertiary care center by BPP. All patients were treated with telecobalt 60 machine up to a dose of 60–66 Gy along with concurrent chemotherapy. Interim assessment was done at 40 Gy.

Results:
A total of nine patients were taken up for treatment with BPP. All patients were evaluated with standard evaluation protocol. All patients were followed up till any event occurred and till 6 years. Out of nine patients treated, six patients are still alive without any progression of disease and are disease free with standard evaluation on follow-up. Two patients died during the 1st year of follow-up. One patient progressed with lung and abdominal metastases 5 months after the completion of treatment and one patient was lost to follow-up.

Conclusion:
BPP using trimodality therapy is a suitable alternative to radical cystectomy in medically and surgically inoperable carcinoma urinary bladder. These patients should be highly compliant for regular follow-up, and acute and long-term toxicity should be evaluated in detail at each visit. BPP gives a ray of hope in such settings and should be done with caution. In our study, we treated all these patients in our resource constraint settings with good results and high survival rates. Our integrated team of radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, and urologists closely followed up these patients in order to optimize outcomes.
A plan comparison study between rapid arc and conventional intensity-modulated radiation treatment plans in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
Authors: Patidar Yaman , Kumar H. S. , Sharma Neeti , Mayilvaganan Athiyaman 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Head and neck cancers are one of the common malignancies in Indian population. It’s entity, nasopharyngeal carcinoma is among the aggressive malignancies with its location and spread near very critical structures. Thus requires a highly conformal radiotherapy delivery techniques.

Purpose:
The aim of the study is to dosimetrically evaluate and to compare Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans and RAPID ARC plans for irradiation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Material and Method:
A retrospective study is done on 10 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, who were treated with Radiotherapy at ATRCTRI Bikaner. Radiotherapy was delivered by IMRT technique (Total of 70 Gy in 33 fractions). Same patients are now planned on Rapid arc technique. Dosimetric comparison is done in terms of PTV coverage, OAR dose, conformity index, homogeneity index.

Result:
PTV coverage is similar with both the plans. Homogeneity index is higher for IMRT plans 0.119+/- 0.020 compared to 0.104 +/- 0.018 for Rapid arc plans (statistically significant).The Rapid arc plans achieved slightly better conformity 1.018+/-0.09, whereas 1.105+/-0.12 for IMRT plans. Rapid arc achieved better results for OAR, statistically significant for Brainstem (54.4 +/-10.4 Gy for IMRT and 49.7+/-4.2 Gy for Rapid Arc, Lens (Left lens and Right lens received 10.55+/-5.8 Gy and 9.44+/-9.08 by IMRT and 6.12+/-6.1 Gy and 5.45+/-6.05 Gy for Rapid Arc), optic nerves (Right and Left optic nerve received 34.36 and 35.01 Gy for IMRT plans and 30.06 and 30.05 Gy for Rapid Arc plans. However the gains are statistically insignificant for spinal cord and vestibulocochlear nerve. No major difference found for Right and left parotid between both the arms.

Conclusions:
Rapid Arc is better technique compared to IMRT for Nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment, that provides better dose conformity, more homogeneous coverage and OAR sparing. However study is retrospective and has lesser patients, thus requires prospective study with more number of patients along with comparison of clinical outcome.
Are we providing complete drug information to its users? Status of information adequacy of package insert in India
Authors: Singhal Shubha , Shah Rima B. , Piparva Kiran G. , Dutta Siddhartha 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Package inserts (PIs) serve detailed information on drug products to the users and primary care physicians, so information should be accurate, reliable, and as per the regulatory guidelines. The study aims to analyze the information adequacy of the PIs available in the Indian market as per Drug and Cosmetic Rule 1945 and US Food and Drug Administration criteria.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on PIs collected from accessible pharmacy stores. Information provided was recorded as per criteria, and total information adequacy score (IAS) and information deficiency (IDS) score were calculated. The association of factors like single-drug/FDCs, a company of origin Indian/multinational, and route of administration (ROA) with IDS was statistically analyzed.

Results:
Of 120 PIs, 60%, 86.66%, and 73% were single-drug, prescription-drug, and drugs by Indian manufacturers, respectively. Most PIs provided generic names, ROA, and indications for use. 85%, 12%, 29.16%, and 3.33% provided information on PIs on the ability to drive, drug–food interactions, drug–drug interactions, and addiction potential, respectively. Lacking area was information on use in pediatrics–geriatrics (30%), excipients (28.3%), preclinical (15.83%), post-surveillance data (18.33%), and approval date (2.5%). There was a statistically significant difference between pharmaceutical score (3.22 vs 4.12), therapeutic score (11.5 vs 13.18), and total IAS (14.78 ± 3.39 vs 17.31 ± 2.33) of Indian and multinational companies. IDS was statistically significantly different in both pharmaceutical and therapeutic categories for single-drug vs FDCs (P = 0.00001), OTC vs prescription drugs (P < 0.05), and Indian vs multinational companies’ PIs (P = 0.00001).

Conclusion:
Numerous facets of information are lacking in PIs, and they do not impart whole information, especially of Indian origin, as per objective IDS.
Trends in oral anticoagulant use – A 10-year retrospective analysis from a general medicine department of a tertiary care hospital in south India
Authors: Thomas VV , Lenin A , George TK , Thenmozhi M , Iyadurai R , Sudarsanam TD 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The prescribing practice of newer oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has not been adequately studied in the Indian scenario.

Aims:
We aimed to describe the prescribing practices of oral anticoagulants, the patient profile and medical comorbidities among patients admitted in a general medicine unit.

Methods:
In this retrospective study of the 2742 patients prescribed vitamin- K antagonists (VKAs), during the study period, 150 cases were randomly taken for analysis to match the 105 NOACs cases. Their demographic details, clinical characteristics and treatment details were analyzed.

Results:
More than 95% of anticoagulants prescribed were VKAs. The prescription of anticoagulants was more common in men (median age 63 years) for prescription of NOACs and 52 years for VKAs. Dabigatran (60.9%) and warfarin (81.3%) were the most prescribed drugs in their respective classes. The most common indication was for cardiovascular diseases with atrial fibrillation (32%). Diabetes and hypertension were the most common comorbidities in patients prescribed oral anticoagulants with a larger proportion of patients with heart failure being prescribed VKAs (P < 0.01). Patients in the NOACs group had a higher HAS-BLED high-risk score (33.3% vs. 17.3%; P = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with co-morbidities of congestive heart failure were more likely to be prescribed VKAs while diabetics were more likely to receive NOACs.

Conclusions:
VKAs were the most prescribed anticoagulants; congestive heart failure, diabetes, and hypertension were the commonest comorbidities; and atrial fibrillation was the commonest indication. Patients with a high HAS-BLED score were prescribed NOACs more often.
Pemphigus vulgaris and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS): First reported case and a review of the literature
Authors: Sadeghzadeh‐Bazargan Afsaneh , Amouzegar Atefeh , Abolhasani Maryam , Dehghani Abbas , Goodarzi Azadeh , Rahimi Seyyedeh Tahereh 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageThere may be a connection between pemphigus vulgaris and nephrotic syndrome, as evidenced by the occurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in our pemphigus vulgaris patient and reviewing relevant literature. Therefore, if a patient with pemphigus vulgaris presents with bilateral lower extremity edema or proteinuria detected during urinalysis, it could indicate involvement of the kidneys.AbstractPemphigus vulgaris is a type of autoimmune blistering disease characterized by the presence of IgG autoantibodies against desmogleins 3 and 1. It is important to evaluate potential autoimmune associations in patients with pemphigus vulgaris so that appropriate laboratory and physical examinations can be performed to monitor for any increased risk of other autoimmune disorders. This case report describes a 55‐year‐old woman who presented with oral and axillary erosions, which were diagnosed as pemphigus vulgaris based on skin histopathology and immunofluorescence. During follow‐up, the patient was found to have proteinuria, which led to referral to a nephrologist. The patient was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome and minimal change disease after a biopsy. Despite treatment, the patient's proteinuria persisted and serum creatinine levels increased, leading to a second biopsy which confirmed the diagnosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. This study reports on the first case of pemphigus vulgaris with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and reviews the literature on the co‐occurrence of acquired immunobullous diseases and nephrotic syndrome of any kind.