bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open Preperitoneal Mesh Repair of Inguinal Hernia- A Better Approach for the Novice Surgeons
Authors: Rahman ATM Mostafizur , Rahman Mahbubur 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Inguinal hernia is a common surgical problem in advanced age group, but repair of inguinal hernias after prosthetic mesh repair is usually difficult due to considerable surgical methods, experience and complications. The study is a clinical trial done on patient with any type of inguinal hernia, who were treated by open preperitoneal mesh repair and darning of overlying musculoaponeurotic layers with prolene sutures.
Objectives: To study the operating time, hospital stay, postoperative complications and recurrence rate associated with open preperitoneal mesh repair and darning of overlying musculoaponeurotic layers with prolene sutures by novice surgeons.
Materials and methods: This observational clinical study in 250 patients having any types of inguinal hernias in new and recurrent cases. The period October 2017 to October 2019 was conducted at department of surgery of Bashundhara Ad-din Medical College Hospital and other private hospitals. The age, gender, operating time, hospital stay, postoperative complications rate and recurrence rate of the patients were evaluated.
Results: There were no serious intraoperative complications, there were 230 men and 20 women in the study, whose average age 41.50 (30-72) years. The average operative time taken to complete the surgery and hospital stay were 45.30 (30-120) minutes and 1.5 (1-3) days respectively. Complications include urinary retention in 10%, seroma in 2% and superficial surgical site infection in 2% patients. No recurrence was encountered post-surgery in any of the case till the last follow-up.
Conclusions: We concluded that the open preperitoneal mesh repair and darning of overlying musculoaponeurotic layers with prolene sutures is a safe, easier, time consuming and effective methods in a novice surgeon with fewer complications as compared to other conventional open hernia mesh repairs and laparoscopic hernia repairs.
AKMMC J 2021; 12(1) : 33-37
Characterization of COVID-19 infection in children: A 6 months experience in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Halder Soma , Tajkia Gule , Roy Kuntal , Rahman M Ekhlasur , Amin Syed Khairul 
Published: March 2023

Background: Corona virus disease is a global health crisis, a surprising feature of the disease reflects that children might be less affected in the initial stage. Previous studies suggest that COVID-19 more likely to infect adults, but paediatric patients are on the rise. In most of the cases children have mild or moderate symptom of COVID-19, but another new serious presentation emerged named Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) which includes features like Kawasaki disease or toxic shock syndrome. The past few months we have seen a lot of findings and variation regarding the COVID-19 illness. As childhood presentation are variable analyzing the pattern of disease in children helps the policy makers to make the better strategies and health care givers to serve better.
Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the age and sex distribution, clinical presentations, morbidity, mortality pattern in children with COVID-19 infection.
Methods: This descriptive study conducted in the Outpatient Department of Pediatrics and dedicated COVID-19 unit of Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from May 2020 to November 2020. 24 children with RT-PCR positive for COVID-19 were included in this study. Medical records of these patients were reviewed and data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.
Results: The total number of children with RT-PCR positive for COVID-19 during the study period was 24. The male female ratio was 1.4:1. Most of the patients were aged over 10 years 9(37.5%). Fever (92%), cough (75%) and headache (50%) were the most common clinical features. A total 10 (41.7%) patients presented with mild clinical symptoms, 6 (25%) were severe to critical state and 2(8.3%) patients found with features with MIS-C. No mortality was observed.
Conclusion: The paediatric patients with COVID-19 had mild illness and had good prognosis. The child with MIS-C need early intervention for better outcome.
AKMMC J 2021; 12(1) : 45-51
Gossypiboma: A Cause of Iatrogenic Fecal Enterocutaneous Fistula
Authors: Arif Abdus Salam , Alam Md Sofiul , Anam Fariha , Tahmid AT , Maria KN 
Published: March 2023

The word ‘gossypiboma’ or ‘textiloma’ is used to describe a retained surgical sponge in the body after an operation. If it is left in the abdomen, it may cause serious morbidity and mortality of the patient as well as medico legal problems. It varies between 1 out of 1000-1500 intra-abdominal operations and 1 out of 300-1000 of all operations1. Herein, we report one case, the first presenting about 2 months after caesarean section with fever with chills and rigor and pain at the operative area. Imaging detected presence of foreign body in the abdomen. Then she went for exploration of the wound and a mop was removed. After that she came to us with pain and feculent discharge from the wound site.
AKMMC J 2021; 12(1) : 58-61
Estilos de liderazgos y toma de decisiones en las Pymes de la zona 3 del Ecuador
Authors: Valencia-Pérez Lenin , Gamboa-Salinas Jenny 
Published: March 2023

El estilo de liderazgo y la toma de decisiones dentro de las empresas han cambiado los últimos años debido a la pandemia que fue ocasionada por el coronavirus COVID 19 lo cual provocó varios efectos a las industrias ecuatorianas a pesar de ser grandes medianas o pequeñas empresas. La acogida de nuevas medidas de liderazgo es esencial a fin de una adecuada toma de decisiones y a la vez realizar estrategias para activar la economía de las empresas de bienes y servicios que están dentro de la zona 3 del Ecuador. Objetivo: Analizar de qué manera los estilos de liderazgo influyen en la toma de decisiones en la PYMES de la zona 3 del Ecuador. Metodología: Es importante reconocer que este tipo de investigación se desarrolló empleando la metodología descriptiva de la información, por otra parte, la adopción de los métodos de investigación bibliográfica, de tal manera poder profundizar en relación del marco teórico. De este modo se obtuvo la muestra compuesta por 384 empresas de una población de 243651 instituciones, de esta forma se implementó el contacto vía correo electrónico con los integrantes activos en la organización, de esta manera se obtendrá los datos que proporcionen autenticidad por el coeficiente conocido como Chi Cuadrado. Resultado: Por lo consiguiente, el 50% de los gerentes de las PYMES de la zona 3 del Ecuador, aseguran que las jornadas de capacitación son muy esenciales y convenientes para obtener un mejor rendimiento en la empresa, de tal manera que existe un 70% de las empresas que no conoce el funcionamiento de los metadatos que nos ayuda a suministrar información sobre los datos producidos como la calidad, historia, describen el contenido y diferentes características de los datos dentro de ciertas actividades de la empresa. Conclusión: Para cerrar la idea, un buen líder tiene el talento de motivar a los colaboradores y generar un clima organizacional adecuado para un desempeño eficiente y aprovechar al máximo el talento de los colaboradores en la empresa organización.

Palabras claves: liderazgo, toma de decisiones, PYMES, metadatos, organización.
Criterios de valoración del avalúo catastral emitido por el GAD Municipal del Catón Mejía para los procedimientos con fines de expropiación
Authors: Curillo-Aguirre José , Batallas-Gómez Hernán 
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo de alto nivel, trata sobre la aplicación de los criterios de valoración de bienes inmuebles declarados en utilidad pública, con fines de expropiación, tal como lo establece el Art. 495 del Código Orgánico de Organización Territorial, Autonomía y descentralización en adelante (COOTAD, 2010).
Además, se desarrolla el procedimiento de expropiación en el Ecuador, la determinación del justo precio, en función del avalúo catastral realizado por los departamentos de avalúos y catastros de los Gobiernos Autónomos Municipales.
Igualmente, diferentes aportes doctrinarios a fin de generar un criterio más claro al respecto, juntamente con la revisión de normativa tanto constitucional, así como normas inferiores pertinentes a las expropiaciones.
Para realizar expropiaciones, las máximas autoridades administrativas de los gobiernos regional, provincial, metropolitano o municipal resolverán la declaratoria de utilidad pública, mediante acto debidamente motivado en el que constará en forma obligatoria la individualización del bien o bienes requeridos y los fines a los que se destinará.
Hay autores que afirman que la expropiación es una institución de derecho público, constitucional y administrativo, que se concreta con la emisión de un acto administrativo, emitido en ejercicio de la potestad pública expropiatoria, contenida en la Constitución.
Finalmente, se analiza el “Proyecto Vial Ampliación a cuatro carriles de la vía Alóag-Santo Domingo, Tramo Tandapi-Unión del Toachi”, realizada en el año 2018 por el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la Provincia de Pichincha en adelante (GADPP, 2018).
De la documentación proporcionada por el GADPP se evidencia que no todas las personas que fueron afectados sus bienes inmuebles con las expropiaciones recibieron el pago del justo precio, por cuanto únicamente se basaron en informes emitidos por el departamento de avalúos y catastros del GAD Municipal del Cantón Mejía, en el cual no se puede determinar que criterios de valoración aplicaron al momento de realizar el avalúo de catastros.
PENYEBAB OBAT KEDALUARSA, OBAT RUSAK DAN DEAD STOCK (STOK MATI) DI GUDANG PERBEKALAN FARMASI GUDANG PERBEKALAN FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT X SURABAYA
Authors: Nurcahyani Diah , Ayuningtyas Arina , G Leo Eladisa 
Published: March 2023

Drug processing problems in each hospital often occur nowadays, so it is necessary to carry out continuous evaluation to create optimal services in providing good quality patient health. This study aims to describe and analyze the occurrence of expired drugs, damaged drugs and dead stock, to provide policy recommendations for improving drug processing. This study uses a descriptive method, namely research that describes an object in relation to the actual situation. The sample used in this study is the number of expired drugs, damaged drugs and dead stock for the period June - August 2021 compared to the total number of drugs in the hospital. The percentage results for expired drugs were 0.002%, damaged drugs were 0%, dead stock were 0.022%, this was due to changes in prescribing patterns, expiration dates that were too short when receiving drugs from PBF and not maximally checking expired drugs in each unit, so it is necessary to do checking between planning and drug needs as well as improving the ED drug processing system and evaluating the system and evaluating the drug acceptance system in hospitals.
Delaktighet i forskningsprocessen
Authors: Elmersjö Magdalena , Hoffmann Evelina , Hollertz Katarina , Hultqvist Sara 
Published: March 2023

Participation in the research process - PAR in a contemporary context.
Expectations and demands on coproduction in research have increased. Therefore, there is a need for knowledge on how these coproducing processes where researchers and practitioners work side by side during the research process can be carried out. In this article, methodological questions related to coproduction and collaboration between researchers and practitioners in the field ofsocial work are raised and discussed. The article draws on an on going research project where participatory action research (PAR) is the leading guideline. PAR in a contemporary context is understood as a democratization process, where values such as participation, mutual learning, empowerment, improvement and development of practice are given as much attention as the actual research findings. The research project discussed takes its starting point in Swedish eldercare, investigating situations of moral stress and moral agency. The project is carried out in close cooperation with three municipalities and institutions where future staff for eldercare are trained (social workers and auxiliary nurses). In the article the relations between researchers and practitioners are discussed. Strategies on how to establish cooperation applying a synergistic approach are highlighted. Furthermore, strategies for dissemination or research results are discussed. The article suggests PAR as a specific social work signature methodology, as PAR acknowledges the need for relational work as well as an action-oriented research agenda, well in line with the core values and understanding of social work as a professional practice and academic discipline. In the article, applying PAR in a contemporary context, is understood as a key component when striving for socially robust knowledge; that is, knowledge that is considered relevant and reliable in the eyes of all actors involved, in this case staff in municipal eldercare, as well as in academia.
Modeling the potential influence of economic migration on Ebola virus disease transmission dynamics
Authors: Diane Djiomba Njankou Sylvie , Nyabadza Farai 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe good health of the economy of developed countries is an attracting factor for economic migrants from poorer countries whose movements can be associated with the spread of diseases such as the Ebola virus disease.MethodsIn this paper, we formulate a model of Ebola virus disease that considers two patches with different economic statuses represented by the respective gross-national incomes of the two patches. First, we consider a one-directional movement from a poorer patch to a rich patch. Second, we consider a two-way migration model where people move between patches.ResultsThe steady states of the model are determined and analyzed. The analysis shows also that the disease free and the endemic equilibrium points are locally stable. The analysis also shows that a unique endemic equilibrium point exists in the poor patch when the reproduction number in this patch is greater than one and multiple endemic equilibria exist in the rich patch when the reproduction number in the poor patch is less than one. The model dynamics of the rich patch present a backward bifurcation which does not facilitate easy Ebola virus disease control. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine the most sensitive parameters that must be carefully estimated for the successful control of the Ebola virus disease.DiscussionNumerical simulations indicate a decrease in the number of infected individuals in the rich patch when movements of populations are limited through the improvement of the economy in the poor patch. So, the improvement of the economy of poorer countries may be critical in avoiding potential outbreaks of Ebola virus disease.
Synthesis and characterization of clay-biochars produced with facile low-temperature one-step in the presence of air for adsorbing methylene blue from aqueous solution
Authors: Liu Rui , Li Yuncong C. , Zhao Zhimeng , Liu Dandan , Ren Jun , Luo Yang 
Published: March 2023

A facile and low-energy approach for biochar-supported clay preparation was developed at a low temperature (250°C) in the presence of air. A new type of engineered biochar by implanting clay particles on carbon surfaces had been successfully exploited as a low-priced adsorbent for environmental application. Two biomass feedstocks (tea and coffee wastes) were pretreated with kaolinite or montmorillonite suspension and then clay-biochars were synthesized using the facile one-step method. The adsorption performance, influencing factors, and mechanism of clay-biochars for methylene blue (MB) were investigated with adsorption experiments. The characterization results confirmed that clay exited on the biochar’s surface and the adsorption results revealed that biochar-supported clay had excellent methylene blue adsorption capacities (&gt;20 mg/g) at unadjusted solution pH and room temperature (25°C ± 1°C). Batch adsorption experiments showed that initial solution pH, ionic strength, and competing compounds affected methylene blue adsorptions. The biochar-supported clay also had a potential of recycle and reusability for methylene blue removal. The methylene blue adsorption was predominately controlled by cation exchange (with both biochar and clay) and electrostatic interaction (with biochar only) mechanisms. This study provides a simple and environmental-friendly technology for creating high-efficiency clay-biochar adsorbent for removing cationic contaminants.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of aerosol distribution in an urban environment recorded in situ by means of a bike based monitoring system
Authors: Norra Stefan , Song Junwei , Gebhardt Reiner , Bauer Jonas , Broß Magdalena , Fuchs Marco , Huber Theresa , Mack Dennis , Saathoff Harald 
Published: March 2023

Aerosol pollution in urban areas is highly variable due to numerous single emission sources such as automobiles, industrial and commercial activities as well as domestic heating, but also due to complex building structures redirecting air mass flows, producing leeward and windward turbulences and resuspension effects. In this publication, it is shown that one or even few aerosol monitoring sites are not able to reflect these complex patterns. In summer 2019, aerosol pollution was recorded in high spatial resolution during six night and daytime tours with a mobile sensor platform on a trailer pulled by a bicycle. Particle mass loadings showed a high variability with PM10 values ranging from 1.3 to 221 μg m−3 and PM2.5 values from 0.7 to 69.0 μg m−3. Geostatistics were used to calculate respective models of the spatial distributions of PM2.5 and PM10. The resulting maps depict the variability of aerosol concentrations within the urban space. These spatial distribution models delineate the distributions without cutting out the built-up structures. Elsewise, the overall spatial patterns do not become visible because of being sharply interrupted by those cutouts in the resulting maps. Thus, the spatial maps allow to identify most affected urban areas and are not restricted to the street space. Furthermore, this method provides an insight to potentially affected areas, and thus can be used to develop counter measures. It is evident that the spatial aerosol patterns cannot be directly derived from the main wind direction, but result far more from an interplay between main wind direction, built-up patterns and distribution of pollution sources. Not all pollution sources are directly obvious and more research has to be carried out to explain the micro-scale variations of spatial aerosol distribution patterns. In addition, since aerosol load in the atmosphere is a severe issue for health and wellbeing of city residents more attention has to be paid to these local inhomogeneities.
Colonization of oak stumps by the oak pinhole borer in temperate forests and the efficacy of pheromone traps: Implications for pest management
Authors: Resnerová Karolina , Šenfeldová Soňa , Horák Jakub , Popelková Daniela , Holuša Jaroslav 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe present changes in climate and land use have led to an increase in pest population densities. The oak pinhole borer, Platypus cylindrus, is one of the ambrosia beetles, which are known to infect wood tissue with fungi from their mycangia. These fungi are responsible for cellulose degradation. This species is now responsible for more frequent timber damage throughout Europe. Therefore, it is assumed that there is a high risk of P. cylindrus outbreaks in the future with possible subsequent oak diebacks. We focused on (1) the influence of stump diameter on P. cylindrus attraction and abundance; (2) the trapping efficacy by a specific pheromone and the impact on nontarget arthropods; and (3) interannual changes in trap catches.MethodsThe research was performed from 2015–2017 with a postharvest survey of stumps. We further analyzed the catches of P. cylindrus and of nontarget arthropods on pheromone traps compared to ethanol-baited traps.Results and discussionIn total, 12,504 adults were trapped during the 3 years of the study. P. cylindrus abundance was positively correlated with stump diameter and interannual changes. The type of compound used for trapping positively affected the trapping efficacy. However, the pheromone type did not have an impact on nontarget beetles. We consider oak stumps to be a reservoir the oak pinhole borer. Therefore, we recommend their debarking or removal, especially in the case of stumps with a larger diameter (over 61 cm).
Immune response to BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients living with HIV: The COVIH-DAPT study
Authors: Manni Sabrina , Ruetsch Caroline , Fabre Roxane , Ticchioni Michel , Graça Daisy , Pradier Christian , Seitz-Polski Barbara , Lotte Laurene , Brglez Vesna , Vassallo Matteo 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionData on immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients living with HIV (PLWH) over a period longer than 3 months are currently limited. We measured the immune response after BNT162b2 vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in this population.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled PLWH on successful antiretroviral therapy, initiating vaccination with two doses of the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administered at six-week interval. SARS-CoV-2 humoral and cellular responses and lymphocyte cell subsets were recorded at inclusion and 6 weeks (W6), 3 months (M3) and 6 months (M6) later. Humoral, humoral strong and cellular responders were defined by IgG titers &gt;10, ≥264BAU/mL and IFN-γ T cell release, respectively.ResultsNineteen subjects without SARS-CoV-2 infection were included (74% men, mean age 51 years, CD4 nadir 399/mm3). All subjects were humoral responders, their antibody titer peak reached at M3. Strong responders’ rates were 63% and 21% at M3 and M6, respectively. CD19+CD10+ B cells had increased significantly at W6 then decreased at M3, while CD19+CD27+ B cells remained unchanged. Rates of patients with a cellular response increased from 39% at W6 to 69% at M6. Cellular responders had significantly higher CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ Effector Memory cells at inclusion (p=0.048, p=0.024, p=0.012, respectively) and CD4+ Terminally Differentiated Effector Memory cells at M3 (p=0.044).DiscussionPLWH have a robust immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, but a rapid decline in humoral response from 3 months onwards, due to a blunted memory B cell response. Analysis of lymphocyte subsets may help identify optimal times for vaccine boosters.