bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjacent Segment Impingement: A New Type of Adjacent Segment Disease?
Authors: Skaggs Kira F. , Stephan Stephen , Perry Tiffany G. , Skaggs David L. 
Published: March 2023

Case:
We present 3 cases in which spinal rods extending beyond the intended level of fusion caused injury to adjacent structures, which we term “adjacent segment impingement.” All cases presented as back pain with no neurological symptoms, with a minimum 6 years of follow-up from the initial procedure. Treatment consisted of extending the fusion to include the affected adjacent segment.

Conclusion:
We recommend surgeons check to ensure spinal rods are not abutting adjacent level structures at the time of the initial implant while considering that adjacent levels may move closer to the rod during spine extension or twisting.
A case report and literature review of a death caused by Aeromonas daca complicated with septic shock
Authors: Zhao Qiquan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: For decades, Aeromonas daca has often been mistaken for Aeromonas hydrophila by phenotypic identification systems and shows obvious characteristics of virulence. To our knowledge, a total of two English-language studies with relatively complete data were retrieved.Case presentation: The patient, a 26-year-old male with no underlying disease, was admitted to our hospital for 3 days because of cough, expectoration and shortness of breath. According to blood and lavage fluid cultures and next-generation sequencing (NGS), the patient was diagnosed with an A. daca infection. He soon deteriorated to a critical condition complicated with septic shock and died after active rescue treatment. Conclusions: A. daca infection is lethal, and an accurate taxonomy can improve our understanding of the epidemiological distribution and virulence potential of this human pathogen. Third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems should be used cautiously in the treatment of severe A. daca infection, and the best regimen is cefepime or fluoroquinolones.
TangNingTongluo tablet, a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: pei li , Xing Yao , Wu Meichu , ran chuanlian , dong yulu , Zhang Fuwen , Duan Junguo , pu siyuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes. At present, there are few safe and effective drugs for DR. We report the protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of the use of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine to treat patients with DR.

Methods

This will be a multicentre randomized controlled trial. A total of 240 participants diagnosed with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) recruited from 11 institutions will be randomly allocated at a 1:1 ratio to two groups. The study is divided into a basic treatment period and an extended treatment period. All participants will receive a 24-week treatment and then be followed up for another 24 weeks. After the 24-week basic treatment period, the investigator will decide whether to enter the extended treatment period according to the patient's condition and willingness to continue using the drug until 48 weeks. The primary outcome is the mean change in best-corrected visual acuity and DR progression rate at weeks 24 and 48 compared to baseline.

Discussion

This study will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of TangNingTongluo tablets in treating patients with NPDR.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn), ChiCTR2100049803, registered on 9 August 2021.
The interaction effect of renewables, economic and industrial development on CO2 emissions in top solar energy producers
Authors: Namahoro Jean Pierre , Wu Qiaosheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study examined the interaction effect of renewable energy use, industrial and economic growth on CO2 emissions, and the individual effect of these variables on CO2 across 44 countries that highly produce and consume solar energy from 1996 to 2018. Cross-sectionally augmented distributed lags (CS-DL), cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lags (CS-ARDL) and other methods were employed. Findings reveal that solar energy use reduces CO2, while economic and industrial development positively affects CO2. The interaction effect from both renewable energy and economic growth, renewable energy and industrial development, and industrial and economic development negatively affects CO2 in the long term. Total renewable energy use, solar energy use, and industrial development positively affect economic growth. The impact of renewable energy and solar energy is significant in the long term. In the ten-year forecast, solar energy use and industrial development will have the least contribution to CO2, while total renewable energy consumption and solar energy use will have the least share of economic growth. Causality results strengthen the impact of renewable energy, solar energy, and economic growth on CO2, by showing the direct effect on CO2, while industrial development has a neutral effect on CO2. Solar energy and industrial development have a direct effect on economic growth while economic growth causes renewable energy consumption. The interacting feedback causal effect was noted between the interaction of renewable energy and economic growth and CO2. Based on the results, we suggested the policy implication to strengthen the effect of renewables, industrial and economic growth, and their interaction to reduce CO2 emissions.
A Double Burden of Malnutrition Among Women in the Reproductive Age (15-49 years) in Sierra Leone: A Secondary Data Analysis of the Demographic Health Survey of 2019 (SLDH-2019)
Authors: Ikoona Eric Nzirakaindi , Toure Mame Awa , Njenga Amon , Namulemo Lucy , Kaluya Ronald , Kamara Kassim , Oyat Freddy Wathum Drinkwater , Aloyo Judith , Matovu John Bosco , Kitara David Lagoro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: A double burden of malnutrition is rising globally but particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Recently in Sierra Leone, the incidence of overweight, obesity, and overnutrition among women have sharply increased. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of different malnutrition categories (underweight, overweight, obesity, and overnutrition) and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Sierra Leone using Demographic Health Survey of 2019.
Methods: We conducted data analysis of 7,514 women aged 15 to 49 years. Data was collected using validated questionnaires. Participants were selected using a multistage stratified sampling approach. A multivariable regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with different malnutrition categories.
Results: The prevalence of underweight was, 6.7%(95%CI:4.5%-8.9%); overweight, 19.7%(95%CI:17.7%-21.7%); obesity, 7.4% (95% CI:5.2%-9.6%); and overnutrition, 27.1%(95%CI:25.2%-29.0%). Underweight was more likely in 25-34 years (AOR=1.670, 95%CI:1.254-2.224;p<0.001) than 15-24 years; unlikely among single women (AOR=0.594,95%CI:0.467-0.755;p<0.001) than married. Unlikely in the north (AOR=0.734,95%CI:0.559-0.963;p=0.026) compared to east, and unlikely among those who did not listen to radios (AOR=0.673;95%CI:0.549-0.826;p<0.001) compared to those who did.
Overweight was unlikely among 25-34 years (AOR=0.609,95%CI:0.514-0.722;p<0.001) and 35-49 years (AOR=0.480,95%CI:0.403-0.571;p<0.001) than 15-24 years; likely among single women (AOR=1.470,95%CI:1.249-1.730;p<0.001) compared to married; unlikely among working-class (AOR=0.840,95%CI:0.720-0.980;p=0.026) compared to not working-class; most likely in the north (AOR=1.325,95%CI:1.096-1.602;p=0.004), and unlikely in the south (AOR=0.755,95%CI:0.631-0.903;p=0.002) compared to east; unlikely among middle-wealth-index (AOR=0.656,95%CI:0.535-0.804;p<0.001), richer-wealth-index (AOR=0.400,95%CI:0.309-0.517;p<0.001), and richest-wealth-index (AOR=0.317,95%CI:0.234-0.431;p<0.001) compared to poorest-wealth-index respectively, and likely among women who did not listen to radios (AOR=1.149; 95%CI:1.002-1.317;p=0.047) compared to those who did. Determinants of obesity and overnutrition were the same with overweight, except they were unlikely in female-headed-households (AOR=0.717,95%CI:0.578-0.889;p<0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of different types of malnutrition among women 15-49 years in Sierra Leone were high; affirming a double burden of malnutrition. It was likely to be underweight among 25-34 years. The predictors of overweight, obesity, and overnutrition were single women, from the north and not listening to radios. There is an urgent need for policies on healthy lifestyles and the dangers of malnutrition.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in reducing psychological distress and improving sleep in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial (MindIBD)
Authors: Avest Milou M ter , Velthoven Annelieke S M van , Speckens Anne E M , Dijkstra Gerard , Dresler Martin , Horjus Carmen S , Römkens Tessa E H , Witteman Ellen M , Dop Willemijn A , Bredero Quirine M , Nissen Loes H C , Huijbers Marloes J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Many patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) suffer from psychological distress, fatigue and sleep disturbances, which are associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) and increased societal costs. Only limited psychosocial treatment options are available. As Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) has demonstrated to improve psychological distress, QoL and sleep in other populations, MBCT might also be effective in patients with IBD.

Methods

The MindIBD study is a prospective, multicentre, randomised controlled trial comparing MBCT plus Treatment As Usual (TAU) versus TAU alone in a targeted number of 136 IBD patients in remission, aged 16 years and older with at least mild psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) total score ≥ 11). Primary outcome is reduction of psychological distress post-intervention, measured by the HADS. In addition, the effect of MBCT on sleep quality (including actigraphy and electroencephalography recordings), fatigue, disease activity, perceived disease control, QoL and positive mental health will be examined. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months follow-up. Cost-effectiveness will be determined and a process evaluation will be conducted.

Discussion

This study will provide valuable insight into the clinical effect of MBCT on psychological distress, sleep quality, fatigue and QoL in IBD patients and into the cost-effectiveness. If effective, MBCT can be a valuable addition to the available psychosocial interventions for patients with IBD. Moreover, findings from this study may also be applicable in patients with other chronic conditions.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04646785, registered on 30/11/2020.
Initial multiple sclerosis presentation as optic neuritis following COVID-19 vaccination: A case report
Authors: Hashim Ahmed Shamil , Al-hassani Ahmed , Al-zaydi Ahmed , Ali Ethar Mushreq 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has been largely controlled upon the extensive vaccination campaigns done by many countries all over the world, with great efficacy and few adverse effects reported. However, since the beginning of the vaccination campaigns, few autoimmune and neurological manifestations were reported.

Case presentation

A previously healthy 23 years old female presented with acute unilateral optic neuritis in the right eye that started one week after receiving the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. The patient had blurred vision which was partial then progressed over two days to involve the whole visual field along with mild pain upon ocular movement with no doubling of vision. The patient reports no prior neurological manifestations before the onset of this condition. Clinical and radiological features proved the diagnosis with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) later. The patient was treated with intra-venous Methylprednisolone and recovered well after few days of getting the treatment and was scheduled for follow-up to plan her further management.

Conclusion

This case may provide an association between COVID-19 vaccination and the development or triggering of MS. However, more data needs to be collected to look more in this regard.
Primitive to conventional geometry projection for efficient phonon transport calculations
Authors: Lindsay Lucas , Li Xun , Thebaud Simon 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The primitive Wigner-Seitz cell and corresponding first Brillouin zone (FBZ) are typically used in calculations of lattice vibrational and transport properties as they contain the smallest number of degrees of freedom and thus have the cheapest computational cost. However, in complex materials, the FBZ can take on irregular shapes where lattice symmetries are not apparent. Thus, conventional cells (with more atoms and regular shapes) are often used to describe materials, though dynamical and transport calculations are more expensive. Here we discuss an efficient anharmonic lattice dynamic method that maps conventional cell dynamics to primitive cell dynamics based on translational symmetries. This leads to phase interference conditions that act like conserved quantum numbers and a conservation rule for phonon scattering that is hidden in conventional dynamics which significantly reduces computational cost. We demonstrate this method for phonon transport in a variety of materials with inputs from first-principles calculations and attribute its efficiency to reduced scattering phase space and fewer summations in scattering matrix element calculations.
HMGCS2 serves as a potential biomarker for inhibition of renal clear cell carcinoma growth
Authors: Mao Huajie , Wang Runzhi , Shao Fengling , Zhao Ming , Tian Dayu , Xia Hua , Zhao Ya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
3-Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2) is the rate-limiting enzyme for ketone body synthesis, and most current studies focus on mitochondrial maturation and metabolic reprogramming. The role of HMGCS2 was evaluated in a pan-cancer multi-database using R language, and HMGCS2 was lowly expressed or not differentially expressed in all tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. Correlation analysis of clinical case characteristics, genomic heterogeneity, tumor stemness, and overall survival revealed that HMGCS2 is closely related to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (KIRC). Single-cell sequencing data from normal human kidneys revealed that HMGCS2 is specifically expressed in proximal tubular cells of normal adults. In addition, HMGCS2 is associated with tumor immune infiltration and microenvironment, and KIRC patients with low expression of HMGCS2 have worse prognosis. Finally, the results of cell counting kit 8 assays, colony formation assays, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis suggested that upregulation of HMGCS2 increased the expression of key tumor suppressor proteins, inhibited the proliferation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells and promoted cell apoptosis. In conclusion, HMGCS2 is abnormally expressed in pan-cancer, may play an important role in anti-tumor immunity, and is expected to be a potential tumor prognostic marker, especially in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Experimental and DFT+U investigations of the Cu 1-x Cd x O nanoparticles synthesized for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants: Environmental Application
Authors: Singh Gurdev preet , Singh Jasvir , Singh K. J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The present investigation focuses on the impact of Cd-doping concentration on the structural, optical and photocatalytic degradation properties of the CuO nanostructures. Cd-doped (0, 1 and 3 mol %) CuO nanostructures were synthesized using ball milling cum solid-state reaction method. The physical properties of nanostructures were investigated using Raman, TEM, ultraviolet–visible, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering techniques. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy detect the presence of a monoclinic CuO phase only, which confirms the successful doping of Cd in the CuO matrix. A decrease in particle size with doping has been disclosed by XRD, dynamic light scattering and TEM studies. XRD and PL studies reveal the enhancement in structural defects with doping concentration. Further, the DFT + U approach was used for crystal structure, the density of states and band structure evaluation. The sunlight-driven photocatalytic degradation activity of the samples was tested against organic pollutants (methylene orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) dyes). The degradation efficiency of the CuO nanoparticles was found to the enhanced with Cd-doping concentration. 3 mol% doped Cd-CuO, shows the best degradation efficiency and successfully degrades 59% and 75% of MO and MB dyes in 240 min under sunlight irradiation. Our samples exhibit a pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the rate constant is found to increase with Cd-doping. Thus, Cd-doped CuO nanostructures possess good candidature for environmental applications.
A Link between The Kuroshio Extension, Marine Heatwaves, and Marine Ecosystems in the Gulf of Alaska
Authors: Silva E. Nishchitha , Anderson Bruce 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Marine Heatwave (MHW) events in the Northeast Pacific Ocean from 2014-2016 and 2019-present have had significant impacts on ocean life and livelihoods in the region. Numerous studies have linked these MHWs to known modes of climate variabilities. Using multiple datasets, here we show that the observed evolution of the 2012-2015 marine heatwave in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) best correlates with the evolution of historical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in response to large-scale variations in the Kuroshio Extension (KE) region. Further, we report the physical and biogeochemical changes during this MHW and their relation to these same KE variations. Based on these results we propose a link between large-scale KE variations and MHWs in the GOA. A link that further extends to the marine biogeochemistry and productivity in the region via KE-influenced modifications to mixed layer thickness. Our findings offer baseline guidance for understanding the biological implications of KE variations on the GOA and can aid in the formulation of climate-related fisheries policies on a local, regional, and global scale, both under current conditions and in response to future anthropogenic-induced changes in the KE.
Investigations on Process Parameters of Cluster Magnetorheological Polishing in a planet motion model
Authors: chen song , Cai Tianwu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A planetary-type cluster magnetorheological polishing device with a rotating magnetic field was proposed to solve the problems of abrasive accumulation and low polishing efficiency caused by the untimely restoration of the conventional magnetic chain. Considering the microstructural deformation and squeeze-strengthening effect of magnetorheological polishing fluid, a material removal rate model was established based on the principle of fluid dynamic pressure and verified by experiments. The relationships between material removal rate or roughness and processing parameters were confirmed by multiple linear regression analyses, respectively. And the processing parameters optimization was made by linear weighting method under the premise of establishing the evaluation system. The results show that the eccentricity and angular velocity ratio are proportional and inversely proportional to MRR, respectively. When the polishing fluid is squeezed, the material removal rate can be significantly increased from 7nm/min to 21nm/min, but the roughness will be reversed at a gap of less than 0.9mm. After the optimization of processing parameters, the workpiece roughness after rough and fine polishing was reduced from 1.079µm and 1.083µm to 0.346µm and 0.184µm, with a reduction of 67.9% and 83.01%.
The impact of neighborhood mental health on the mental health of older adults
Authors: Gong Rengui , Xia Dongping , Hu Zan , Hu Yangming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background：The health problems of aging have attracted immense attention in recent years. Researchers are concentrating on the health of older adults from different perspectives.This report attempts to explore the impact of neighborhood mental health effects on the mental health of older adults from the neighborhood relationship.
Methods：Based on the data received from the China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey (CHARLS) in 2018, people aged 60 and above were selected as the research objects (N=7713). The ordinary least square (OLS) regression model was used to analyze the influence of neighborhood mental health effect on the mental health of older adults. Furthermore, instrumental variables estimation using two-stage least-squares (IV-2SLS), heterogeneity analysis, and robustness test were used to strictly verify the effect of neighborhood mental health on the mental health of older adults. The KHB decomposition was used to examine the mechanism of effect.
Results：Baseline regression showed that the neighborhood mental health effect positively affected the mental health of older adults (B=0.356, CI= [0.315,0.397]). The neighborhood mental health effect estimated by IV-2SLS (B=0.251, CI=[0.096,0.405]) was higher than that of OLS regression, indicating endogeneity. The mediating effect of KHB showed that the total effect (B=0.356, CI=[0.314,0.398]), direct effect (B=0.281, CI=[0.232,0.330]), indirect effect (B=0.075, CI=[0.049,0.101]). and the total effect was 1.266 times of the direct effect, and 21.03% of the total effect came from the intermediary variable.
Conclusions：First, the neighborhood mental health effect had a positive impact on the mental health of older adults, but there are heterogeneity differences based on gender, age, residence, and other aspects. Second, the results of IV-2SLS estimation revealed that without controlling for endogenous problems, the effect of neighborhood mental health effects was underestimated. Third, county-level neighborhood mental health, life satisfaction, three-year self-assessment health change, and physical health were used to replace variables, and physical disability (small sample) and non-disability (large sample) were grouped. The effect of neighborhood mental health on older adults' mental health is stable. Finally, social connection, participation, and interaction are important mediating mechanisms for the effect of neighborhood mental health on the mental health of older adults.