bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inverted appendix in a patient with colon cancer: a case report and long-term follow-up
Authors: Aljalabneh Basim , Mureb Amro , Aljundi Nadeem , Al-Qasem Kholoud , Al-Masri Mahmoud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Appendiceal inversion is a rare entity that can potentially mimic serious pathology and provide diagnostic uncertainty. They are mostly diagnosed intraoperatively or during endoscopies and scans for other reasons. We report a case of an asymptomatic patient treated for colon cancer without previous history of appendectomy. We provide long-term follow-up and aim to review the relevant literature.
Goblet cell adenocarcinoma: a case report and update regarding investigation and management
Authors: Deveson Laura C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article describes the case of a patient who presented with an acute abdomen. Histopathology of the ruptured appendix identified Goblet Cell Adenocarcinoma. The biology of this rare tumour is now better understood, leading to updated best practise regarding investigation, staging and management.
NaWRKY3 is a master transcriptional regulator of the defense network against brown spot disease in wild tobacco
Authors: Xu Zhen , Zhang Shuting , Wu Jinsong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are involved in plant defense against pathogens. No WRKYs have been reported to be involved in resistance to tobacco brown spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata. Here, we found that NaWRKY3 plays a critical role in Nicotiana attenuata defense against A. alternata. NaWRKY3 bound and regulated many defense genes, including: lipoxygenase 3, ACC synthase 1, and ACC oxidase 1, three jasmonate- and ethylene-biosynthetic genes; feruloyl-CoA 6ʹ-hydroxylase 1 (NaF6ʹH1), the biosynthetic gene for the phytoalexins scopoletin and scopolin; and three A. alternata resistance genes, the long non-coding RNA L2, NADPH oxidase (NaRboh D), and berberine bridge-like (NaBBL28). Silencing L2 reduced jasmonate concentrations and NaF6ʹH1 expression. NaRboh D-silenced plants were severely impaired in reactive oxygen species production and stomatal closure responses. NaBBL28 was the first A. alternata resistance BBL identified and was involved in the hydroxylation of 17-hydroxygeranyllinalool diterpene glycosides. NaWRKY3 bound to its own promoter but repressed its expression. Thus, we demonstrated that NaWRKY3 is a fine-tuned master regulator of the defense network against A. alternata in N. attenuata by regulating several signaling pathways and defense metabolites. This is the first time such an important WRKY has been identified in Nicotiana species, providing new insights into defense against A. alternata.
SN 2021fxy: mid-ultraviolet flux suppression is a common feature of Type Ia supernovae
Authors: DerKacy J M , Paugh S , Baron E , Brown P J , Ashall C , Burns C R , Hsiao E Y , Kumar S , Lu J , Morrell N , Phillips M M , Shahbandeh M , Shappee B J , Stritzinger M D , Tucker M A , Yarbrough Z , Boutsia K , Hoeflich P , Wang L , Galbany L , Karamehmetoglu E , Krisciunas K , Mazzali P , Piro A L , Suntzeff N B , Fiore A , Gutiérrez C P , Lundqvist P , Reguitti A 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) observations and analysis of the nearby Type Ia supernova SN 2021fxy. Our observations include UV photometry from Swift/UVOT, UV spectroscopy from HST/STIS, and high-cadence optical photometry with the Swope 1-m telescope capturing intranight rises during the early light curve. Early B − V colours show SN 2021fxy is the first ‘shallow-silicon’ (SS) SN Ia to follow a red-to-blue evolution, compared to other SS objects which show blue colours from the earliest observations. Comparisons to other spectroscopically normal SNe Ia with HST UV spectra reveal SN 2021fxy is one of several SNe Ia with flux suppression in the mid-UV. These SNe also show blueshifted mid-UV spectral features and strong high-velocity Ca ii features. One possible origin of this mid-UV suppression is the increased effective opacity in the UV due to increased line blanketing from high velocity material, but differences in the explosion mechanism cannot be ruled out. Among SNe Ia with mid-UV suppression, SNe 2021fxy and 2017erp show substantial similarities in their optical properties despite belonging to different Branch subgroups, and UV flux differences of the same order as those found between SNe 2011fe and 2011by. Differential comparisons to multiple sets of synthetic SN Ia UV spectra reveal this UV flux difference likely originates from a luminosity difference between SNe 2021fxy and 2017erp, and not differing progenitor metallicities as suggested for SNe 2011by and 2011fe. These comparisons illustrate the complicated nature of UV spectral formation, and the need for more UV spectra to determine the physical source of SNe Ia UV diversity.
Bayesian evidence and model selection approach for time-dependent dark energy
Authors: Khorasani Mohsen , Mosleh Moein , Sheykhi Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We use parametrized post-Friedmann (PPF) description for dark energy and apply ellipsoidal nested sampling to perform the Bayesian model selection method on different time-dependent dark energy models using a combination of Planck and data based on distance measurements, namely baryon acoustic oscillations and supernovae luminosity distance. Models with two and three free parameters described in terms of linear scale factor a, or scaled in units of e-folding ln a are considered. Our results show that parametrizing dark energy in terms of ln a provides better constraints on the free parameters than polynomial expressions. In general, two free-parameter models are adequate to describe the dynamics of the dark energy compared to their three free-parameter generalizations. According to the Bayesian evidence, determining the strength of support for cosmological constant Λ over polynomial dark energy models remains inconclusive. Furthermore, considering the R statistic as the tension metric shows that one of the polynomial models gives rise to a tension between Planck and distance measurements data sets. The preference for the logarithmic equation of state over Λ is inconclusive, and the strength of support for $\rm \Lambda$ CDM over the oscillating model is moderate.
Evolution of hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor asparaginyl hydroxylase regulation in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Faivre Anna , Dissard Romain , Kuo Willy , Verissimo Thomas , Legouis David , Arnoux Grégoire , Heckenmeyer Carolyn , Fernandez Marylise , Tihy Matthieu , Rajaram Renuga D , Delitsikou Vasiliki , Le Ngoc An , Spingler Bernhard , Mueller Bert , Shulz Georg , Lindenmeyer Maja , Cohen Clemens , Rutkowski Joseph M , Moll Solange , Scholz Carsten C , Kurtcuoglu Vartan , de Seigneux Sophie 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
The roles of hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) during chronic kidney disease (CKD) are much debated. Interventional studies with HIF-α activation in rodents have yielded contradictory results. The HIF pathway is regulated by prolyl and asparaginyl hydroxylases. While prolyl hydroxylase inhibition is a well-known method to stabilize HIF-α, little is known about the effect asparaginyl hydroxylase factor inhibiting HIF (FIH).

Methods
We used a model of progressive proteinuric CKD and a model of obstructive nephropathy with unilateral fibrosis. In these models we assessed hypoxia with pimonidazole and vascularization with three-dimensional micro-computed tomography imaging. We analysed a database of 217 CKD biopsies from stage 1 to 5 and we randomly collected 15 CKD biopsies of various severity degrees to assess FIH expression. Finally, we modulated FIH activity in vitro and in vivo using a pharmacologic approach to assess its relevance in CKD.

Results
In our model of proteinuric CKD, we show that early CKD stages are not characterized by hypoxia or HIF activation. At late CKD stages, some areas of hypoxia are observed, but these are not colocalizing with fibrosis. In mice and in humans, we observed a downregulation of the HIF pathway, together with an increased FIH expression in CKD, according to its severity. Modulating FIH in vitro affects cellular metabolism, as described previously. In vivo, pharmacologic FIH inhibition increases the glomerular filtration rate of control and CKD animals and is associated with decreased development of fibrosis.

Conclusions
The causative role of hypoxia and HIF activation in CKD progression is questioned. A pharmacological approach of FIH downregulation seems promising in proteinuric kidney disease.
Global age-structured spatial modeling for emerging infectious diseases like COVID-19
Authors: Xiao Yixiong , Zhou Jingbo , Cheng Qu , Yang Jun , Chen Bin , Zhang Tao , Xu Lei , Xu Bo , Ren Zhehao , Liu Zhaoyang , Shen Chong , Wang Che , Liu Han , Li Xiaoting , Li Ruiyun , Yu Le , Guan Dabo , Zhang Wusheng , Wang Jie , Hou Lin , Deng Ke , Bai Yuqi , Xu Bing , Dou Dejing , Gong Peng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Modeling the global dynamics of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) like COVID-19 can provide important guidance in the preparation and mitigation of pandemic threats. While age-structured transmission models are widely used to simulate the evolution of EIDs, most of these studies focus on the analysis of specific countries and fail to characterize the spatial spread of EIDs across the world. Here, we developed a global pandemic simulator that integrates age-structured disease transmission models across 3,157 cities and explored its usage under several scenarios. We found that without mitigations, EIDs like COVID-19 are highly likely to cause profound global impacts. For pandemics seeded in most cities, the impacts are equally severe by the end of the first year. The result highlights the urgent need for strengthening global infectious disease monitoring capacity to provide early warnings of future outbreaks. Additionally, we found that the global mitigation efforts could be easily hampered if developed countries or countries near the seed origin take no control. The result indicates that successful pandemic mitigations require collective efforts across countries. The role of developed countries is vitally important as their passive responses may significantly impact other countries.
Women, the intellectually humble, and liberals write more persuasive political arguments
Authors: Lees Jeffrey , Todd Haley , Barranti Maxwell 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
If sincere attempts at political persuasion are central to the functioning of democracy, then what attributes of individuals make them more persuasive toward fellow citizens? To examine this, we asked 594 Democrats and Republicans to write politically persuasive arguments on any topic of their choice and then gave those arguments to a US representative sample of 3,131 to rate the persuasiveness, totaling 54,686 judgments. We consistently found that arguments written by women, liberals, the intellectually humble, and those low on party identification were rated as more persuasive. These patterns were robust to controls for the demographics and partisanship of judges and persuaders, the topics written about, argument length, and the emotional sentiments of the arguments. Women's superior persuasiveness was partially, but not fully, explained by the fact that their arguments were longer, of a higher grade level, and expressed less dominance than men's. Intergroup dynamics also affected persuasiveness, as arguments written for in-party members were more persuasive than the ones written for out-party members. These findings suggest that an individual's personal and psychological characteristics durably provide them with a persuasive advantage when they engage in sincere attempts at changing the hearts and minds of fellow citizens.
Multiplexed neuropeptide mapping in ant brains integrating microtomography and three-dimensional mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Geier Benedikt , Gil-Mansilla Esther , Liutkevičiūtė Zita , Hellinger Roland , Vanden Broeck Jozef , Oetjen Janina , Liebeke Manuel , Gruber Christian W 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Neuropeptides are important regulators of animal physiology and behavior. Hitherto the gold standard for the localization of neuropeptides have been immunohistochemical methods that require the synthesis of antibody panels, while another limiting factor has been the brain's opacity for subsequent in situ light or fluorescence microscopy. To address these limitations, we explored the integration of high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with microtomography for a multiplexed mapping of neuropeptides in two evolutionary distant ant species, Atta sexdens and Lasius niger. For analyzing the spatial distribution of chemically diverse peptide molecules across the brain in each species, the acquisition of serial mass spectrometry images was essential. As a result, we have comparatively mapped the three-dimensional (3D) distributions of eight conserved neuropeptides throughout the brain microanatomy. We demonstrate that integrating the 3D MSI data into high-resolution anatomy models can be critical for studying organs with high plasticity such as brains of social insects. Several peptides, like the tachykinin-related peptides (TK) 1 and 4, were widely distributed in many brain areas of both ant species, whereas others, for instance myosuppressin, were restricted to specific regions only. Also, we detected differences at the species level; many peptides were identified in the optic lobe of L. niger, but only one peptide (ITG-like) was found in this region in A. sexdens. Building upon MS imaging studies on neuropeptides in invertebrate model systems, our approach leverages correlative MSI and computed microtomography for investigating fundamental neurobiological processes by visualizing the unbiased 3D neurochemistry in its complex anatomic environment.
Enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis treated with secukinumab or adalimumab: a post hoc analysis of the EXCEED study
Authors: Kaeley Gurjit S , Schett Georg , Conaghan Philip G , McGonagle Dennis , Behrens Frank , Goupille Philippe , Gaillez Corine , Parikh Bhumik , Bakewell Catherine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate enthesitis treatment response, including time to resolution and data from multiple enthesitis instruments, in patients with PsA treated with secukinumab or adalimumab for 52 weeks.

Methods
In this post hoc analysis of the EXCEED study, patients receiving secukinumab 300 mg or adalimumab 40 mg per the label were grouped by presence or absence of baseline enthesitis based on the Leeds Enthesitis Index (LEI) and the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada Enthesitis Index (SPARCC). Efficacy was assessed according to several enthesitis-related instruments using non-responder imputation for the achievement of enthesitis resolution (LEI/SPARCC = 0), Kaplan–Meier analysis for time to resolution, and as-observed data for other outcomes.

Results
Enthesitis was present at baseline in 498 of 851 patients (58.5%) as assessed by LEI and in 632 of 853 patients (74.1%) as assessed by SPARCC. Patients with baseline enthesitis generally presented with greater disease activity. Similar proportions of patients receiving secukinumab or adalimumab achieved resolution of LEI and SPARCC at weeks 24 (secukinumab: LEI/SPARCC, 49.6%/45.8%; adalimumab: LEI/SPARCC, 43.6%/43.5%) and 52 (secukinumab: LEI/SPARCC, 60.7%/53.2%; adalimumab: LEI/SPARCC, 55.3%/51.4%), with comparable mean time to enthesitis resolution. Improvements were similar for both drugs at individual enthesitis sites. Resolution of enthesitis with secukinumab or adalimumab was associated with improvements in quality of life at week 52.

Conclusion
Secukinumab and adalimumab showed similar efficacy, including time to resolution, with respect to resolution of enthesitis. Inhibition of IL-17 with secukinumab reduced clinical enthesitis similarly to TNF-α inhibition.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02745080
EFFECTIVE HALF-LIFE, EXCRETION AND RADIATION EXPOSURE OF 177LU-PSMA
Authors: Parlak Yasemin , Mutevelızade Gozde , Sezgın Ceren , Goksoy Didem , Gumuser Gul , Sayıt Elvan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The study aims to evaluate the radiation safety conditions by detecting the patient’s urine excretion rate, calculating the effective half-life, and determining the retention of 177Lu-PSMA in the body. Urine samples of patients were collected for 24 hours (6, 12, 18, and 24 hours) following the infusion, excretion rate and retention of 177Lu-PSMA in the body of patients were calculated. The measurements of dose rate were performed. Effective half-life calculated from dose rate measurements was found as 18.5 ± 11 h within the first 24 h and 48.1 ± 22.8 h between 24 and 72 h. Excreted activity in urine was found as 33.8 ± 20.7, 40.4 ± 20.3, 46.1 ± 22.4, and 53.3 ± 21.5% of total doses at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after administration, respectively. External dose rates for 4 h and 24 h were 24.51 μSv/h, 16.14 μSv/h, respectively. Our results showed that 177Lu-PSMA treatment was suitable for outpatient treatment in terms of radiation safety.
Formalizing Invertebrate Morphological Data: A Descriptive Model for Cuticle-Based Skeleto-Muscular Systems, an Ontology for Insect Anatomy, and their Potential Applications in Biodiversity Research and Informatics
Authors: Girón Jennifer C , Tarasov Sergei , González Montaña Luis Antonio , Matentzoglu Nicolas , Smith Aaron D , Koch Markus , Boudinot Brendon E , Bouchard Patrice , Burks Roger , Vogt Lars , Yoder Matthew , Osumi-Sutherland David , Friedrich Frank , Beutel Rolf G , Mikó István 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The spectacular radiation of insects has produced a stunning diversity of phenotypes. During the past 250 years, research on insect systematics has generated hundreds of terms for naming and comparing them. In its current form, this terminological diversity is presented in natural language and lacks formalization, which prohibits computer-assisted comparison using semantic web technologies. Here we propose a Model for Describing Cuticular Anatomical Structures (MoDCAS) which incorporates structural properties and positional relationships for standardized, consistent, and reproducible descriptions of arthropod phenotypes. We applied the MoDCAS framework in creating the ontology for the Anatomy of the Insect Skeleto-Muscular system (AISM). The AISM is the first general insect ontology that aims to cover all taxa by providing generalized, fully logical, and queryable, definitions for each term. It was built using the Ontology Development Kit (ODK), which maximizes interoperability with Uberon (Uberon multispecies anatomy ontology) and other basic ontologies, enhancing the integration of insect anatomy into the broader biological sciences. A template system for adding new terms, extending, and linking the AISM to additional anatomical, phenotypic, genetic, and chemical ontologies is also introduced. The AISM is proposed as the backbone for taxon-specific insect ontologies and has potential applications spanning systematic biology and biodiversity informatics, allowing users to: 1) use controlled vocabularies and create semiautomated computer-parsable insect morphological descriptions; 2) integrate insect morphology into broader fields of research, including ontology-informed phylogenetic methods, logical homology hypothesis testing, evo-devo studies, and genotype to phenotype mapping; and 3) automate the extraction of morphological data from the literature, enabling the generation of large-scale phenomic data, by facilitating the production and testing of informatic tools able to extract, link, annotate, and process morphological data. This descriptive model and its ontological applications will allow for clear and semantically interoperable integration of arthropod phenotypes in biodiversity studies.
Comparative RNA-seq Analysis of Resistant and Susceptible Theobroma cacao Fruits in Response to Infection with Frosty Pod Pathogen (Moniliophthora roreri)
Authors: Puig Alina S. , Cohen Stephen P. , Bach Rachel A. Koch , Leal Adriana Arciniegas , Gutierrez Osman A. , Bailey Bryan A. 
Published: April 2023

Frosty pod rot (FPR), caused by Moniliophthora roreri (MR), is one of the most important diseases of cacao, causing losses of up to 90% in areas where it is present. A limited number of resistant clones have been identified, but additional sources of disease resistance are being sought by breeding programs. RNA sequencing was used to identify differences in constitutive (mock-inoculated) and pathogen-induced gene expression in cacao pods from trees resistant and susceptible to MR. The greatest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) ( n = 2,039) was identified in susceptible material following inoculation with MR (7 days postinoculation), with the most common pathway categories being cell growth/death ( n = 102), signaling ( n = 308), and carbohydrate metabolism ( n = 141). Resistant material showed little overall change in gene expression (five DEGs) following pathogen inoculation, suggesting that infection had not become established. For this reason, differences in constitutive gene expression are likely to provide the most relevant information on FPR resistance in this study. In the absence of the pathogen, 144 genes were expressed at a higher level in the resistant material and 265 at a higher level in the susceptible material. The genes most highly upregulated in resistant material encode for disease resistance proteins in the leucine-rich repeat family and cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinases. Ten DEGs were located within quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 2, 7, and 9 previously associated with FPR resistance in this population. This study provides the first analysis of constitutively expressed genes contributing to FPR resistance and identifies significant genes within known disease resistance quantitative trait loci. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Current social determinants of health and social risk factors in conditions of the cornea: a scoping review
Authors: Hicks Patrice M. , Armstrong Mikhayla L. , Woodward Maria A. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review
To achieve health equity in eye health and vision care, social determinants of health (SDoH) and the associated social risk factors must be addressed. To address SDoH and social risk factors in ophthalmology, they must first be identified. The purpose of this review was to determine the SDoH and social risk factors in conditions of the cornea that have most recently been explored.

Recent findings
This review identified social risk factors associated with all five domains of SDoH, as outlined by Healthy People 2030. The neighborhood and built environment was the domain identified the most for both exploration and observation. The social and community context domain was the least explored, and healthcare access and quality and social and community context domains were the least observed. The cornea condition explored the most in relation to SDoH was dry eye syndrome.

Summary
The findings from this review can inform clinicians on the social risk factors that could be screened for in eye care facilities, so patients can be connected with services to minimize the impact of social risk factors on cornea conditions. Furthermore, the findings have identified cornea conditions and domains of SDoH that are understudied which can be an area for future studies by vision researchers.