bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Oil-In-Water Dispersion Injection for Enhancing Displacement Front Uniformity in Water-Flooded Heterogeneous Reservoirs
Authors: Carlson Oscar , Fjelde Ingebret 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to the maturity of water-flooded oil reservoirs, as a consequence of heterogeneity, fluids move preferentially through the most permeable layers, leaving large volumes of mobile oil unswept. Injection of oil-in-water (O/W) dispersions can regulate the permeability contrast between these layers. Droplet size distribution and porous media heterogeneity are the principal features that characterize displacement front uniformity. The intent of this work is therefore to provide a fundamental insight into a number of factors that may influence the dispersion flow in porous media. The workflow in this study is comprised of three stages. First, O/W dispersions with low oil concentrations were prepared and characterized. Second, a series of O/W dispersion injection experiments were conducted. The objective of this stage was to evaluate the distribution of retained oil droplets, pressure drop, and permeability reduction in different sandstone core-plugs. Finally, a mathematical model based on the experimental setup was developed to describe the dynamics of O/W dispersion flow. The finite element method (FEM) was employed to numerically solve the governing equations. The experimental results revealed that the number and size of retained oil droplets decay with the core depth and, correspondingly, in the effluent. Verification of the numerical model was performed by comparing the pressure drop and permeability reduction to the results of analytical solutions. The model showed good validation with the experimental data. The numerical results closely matched those of the analytical solutions. The current work presents a potentially efficient method of modeling to describe the dispersion flow in porous media. However, for field applications, further improvement to the model complexity is required.
Effect of Liquid-Liquid Subsea Separation on Production Forecast Considering Integration of a Deepwater Reservoir and Surface Facility Models
Authors: Bigdeli Alireza , von Hohendorff Filho João Carlos , Schiozer Denis José 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this work, we present a case study of the integration of surface facility models and a deepwater reservoir, as well as an engineering evaluation of the implications of liquid-liquid subsea separation (LLSS) on the integration process. For this, a heavy oil sandstone reservoir and several surface facility layouts were computationally integrated using a commercial simulator.
A gathering unit, subsea separator, and water disposal unit were added to the surface facility model layouts to support the LLSS system. The term "merge scenario" was used to refer to the quantity of production streams that were gathered and delivered to the subsea separator. To allow the production from the reservoir model, the minimum bottom-hole pressure (BHP) for the producing wells were defined for all the simulations. Our investigation includes fluids produced at platforms, produced water at disposal unit, the pressure drop in the riser in terms of hydrostatic and friction terms, and economic analyses of these investigations.
This case study shows that, depending on the merging situation, the reservoir needs 2 to 5 times more injection water than the separated water. Despite efforts to reduce the pressure restriction in the surface facility by increasing the riser diameter, the oil recovery did not change significantly when the number of merging wells was adjusted. This happened because the wellhead was not affected by the production system's pressure disturbance and the surface facility models’ boundary conditions remained unchanged. The economic calculations also indicated that the value of the technology (the highest acceptable price for the technology) for eleven merge scenario was 130 MMUSD and the OPEX and CAPEX can be lowered by 95 and 35 MMUSD (3% and 5% on average), respectively. This economic benefit was due to the lower cost of platform water handling from the produced water separation. In later stages of simulations, when the water cut surpasses 90%, hydrostatic pressure loss overtakes friction pressure loss as the primary contributor to overall pressure losses in the riser for 11 merge scenarios. These tests demonstrated that adding LLSS increases the complexity of the integration process and engineers can apply the engineering ideas of this study to other field designs in development.
This work is the first case study of its kind that examines the relationship between the impact of LLS and the integration of a deep-water reservoir and surface facility model. This article's production forecast problem description can be utilized as a starting point to develop a general methodology for simulating complicated offshore production systems using LLSS operations.
Compare the carbon footprint of traditional packaging and reusable modular packaging in e-commerce: A case study of express in China
Authors: Xu Mengyuan , Yang Mengke , Zhou Xiaoguang , Chen Chengdong , Tian Baoshun , Li Yating 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The express delivery industry has promoted the development of the national economy, the number of Chinese e-commerce packaging has accounted for more than half of the world's total in 2022. However, the low transportation efficiency caused by the extra space between express packaging and goods, resulting in multiple transportation and fuel consumption. Therefore, we propose a new mode of reusable packaging box. Based on the measurement model of Carbon emissions, we measured and compared the carbon emissions of packaging materials before and after optimization based on the express delivery logistics system for road transportation, and estimated the impact of the extra space rate between single-use boxes and goods and the extra space rate between reusable packaging boxes and goods, to demonstrate the environmental advantages of reusable packaging boxes. In order to verify the validity of the model, we conducted an empirical study on China's full-year data for 2022 and the results shows that the use of modular and reusable packaging boxes can greatly reduce carbon emissions and improve logistics transport efficiency. In particular, adopting the new packaging boxes can significantly promote energy conservation and reduce carbon emissions.
Dynamic response of carbon storage to ecological restoration measures in Liupanshui City, Mountain, Water, Forest, Field, Lake and Grassland
Authors: Ning Jiajing , Wang Hu , Yang Qiong , He Tengbing , Fu Tianling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To verify the impact of ecological restoration of mountains, forests, fields, lakes and grasses on carbon stocks, the implementation of ecological restoration of mountains, forests, fields, lakes and grasses in the karst region of southwestern China, the ecologically fragile area of Liupanshui City, western Guizhou Province, was analyzed by means of RS and GIS, corresponding to the carbon stocks in the region. The results showed that the carbon stocks in the study area in 2015, 2018 and 2020 were 424.05 × 106 t, 426.46 × 106 t and 436.91 × 106 t, respectively, and the carbon stocks in the area where ecological restoration actually occurred in 2015, 2018 and 2020 were 28.85 × 106 t, 29.31 × 106 t and 30.63 ×106 t, all showing an increasing trend, with a cumulative increase of 12.86 ×106 t in the study area and 1.78 ×106 t in the actual occurrence area of ecological restoration, and analyzed the effects of different implementation measures on carbon stock changes, among which, afforestation (non-shrub) had the best effect on regional carbon stock increase, afforestation (shrub) was not obvious, while soil improvement works for crop health had There is no significant effect on carbon stock. It can be concluded that the carbon stock of Liupanshui city responded positively to the ecological restoration measures of landscape, forest, field, lake and grass.
Development and validation of cost-effective SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR and its evaluation in a sample pooling strategy for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Indonesian setting
Authors: Rahmasari Ratika , Raekiansyah Muhareva , Aliyah Siti , Yodi Priska , Baihaqy Fathan , Irhamsyah Muhamad , Sari Kartika , Suryadi Herman , Moi Meng , Sauriasari Rani 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and it was first recorded in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The gold standard method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 is TaqMan probe-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Since this technique is expensive due to reliance on the use of fluorogenic probes, a cost-effective diagnostic test as an alternative approach for RT-qPCR diagnosis is necessary, especially in low- and middle-income countries with limited resources. In this study, we developed and validated an inexpensive SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR method to detect SARS-CoV-2. Primers targeting a conserved and vital region of the N genes of SARS-CoV-2 were designed and selected for further analysis. In-silico study was performed to analyse the compatibility of the selected primer pair with 500 Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences available from the GISAID database, including Delta and Omicron variants. We determined the linearity of our new assay using serial dilution of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from clinical samples with known virus concentration. The assay was then evaluated using clinically relevant samples in comparison to a commercial TaqMan-based in vitro diagnostic test kit. Finally, we applied the assay in sample pooling strategies for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Our results showed that the SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR methods were sensitive and reliable as an alternative cost-effective assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection. In addition, it could be used in sample pooling strategies for mass screening testing or epidemiological surveillance purposes in the COVID-19 post-pandemic era.
Prevalence of pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms in a US population seeking medical care, 2003- 2014
Authors: Kan Kathleen M. , Agrawal Gunjan , Brosula Raphael , Venkatapuram Pranaya , Chen Abby L. , Zhang Chiyuan A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
We conducted this study to estimate the prevalence of pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms (pLUTS) in a US privately-insured pediatric population who are 18 years of age or older by age, sex, race/ethnicity from 2003–2014. This has not been previously described in the literature.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed Optum’s de-identifed Clinformatics® Data Mart Database database between 2003–2014. A pLUTS patient was defined by the presence of ≥ 1 pLUTS-related ICD-9 diagnosis code between the age of 6–20 years. Neurogenic bladder, renal transplant and structural urologic disease diagnoses were excluded. Prevalence by year was calculated as a proportion of pLUTS patients among the total population at risk. Variables reviewed included age, sex, race, geographic region, household factors and clinical comorbidities including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), constipation, and sleep apnea. Point of service (POS) was calculated as a proportion of pLUTS-related claims associated with a POS compared to the total claims at all POS in the time period.
Results:
We identified 282,427 unique patients with ≥ 1 claim for pLUTS between the ages of 6–20 years from 2003–2014. Average prevalence during this period was 0.92%, increasing from 0.63% in 2003 to 1.13% in 2014. Mean age was 12.15 years. More patients were female (59.80%), white (65.97%), between 6–10 years old (52.18%) and resided in the Southern US (44.97%). Within a single household, 81.71% reported ≤ 2 children, and 65.53% reported ≥ 3 adults. 16.88% had a diagnosis of ADHD, 19.49% had a diagnosis of constipation and 3.04% had a diagnosis of sleep apnea. 75% of pLUTS-related claims were recorded in an outpatient setting.
Conclusions:
Families consistently seek medical care in the outpatient setting for pLUTS. The demographic and clinical characteristics of our cohort reflect prior literature. Future studies can help define temporal relationships between household factors and onset of disease as well as characterize pLUTS-related healthcare resource utilization. Additional work is required in publicly-insured populations.
Relationship between vaginal microecology and human papillomavirus infection as well as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 2,147 women from Wenzhou, the southeast of China
Authors: Zang Lejing , Hu Yan , Feng Renqian , Huang Yitong , Huang Jiahe , Zhou Panpan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective: The female reproductive tract is a significant microecological region, and its micro-environment can directly affect women’s cervical health. This research aimed to study the association between vaginal microecology and human papillomavirus infection (HPV) infection as well as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).
Methods：A retrospective cohort study enrolled 2,147 women who underwent colposcopy between August 2021 and August 2022. The relationship between vaginal microecology and HPV infection as well as cervical lesions were assessed using the chi-square test, univariate, multivariate logistic regression analysis and Cochran-Armitage trend test.
Result：HPV infection was linked to imbalance of vaginal microecology [odds ratio (OR) 3.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.66–5.43; p < 0.001], among which clue cell (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.99–2.54; p = 0.054) and sialidase (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.01–2.35; P < 0.046) were considered as significant risk factors. Further analysis showed that the occurrence of vaginal microecological disorder was more likely to be detected in HPV 16/18 subtype (OR 9.86, 95% CI 2.37–41.80; P = 0.002). Although there existed no significant correlation between the overall disorder rate of vaginal microecology and the degree of cervical lesions (P > 0.05), the abnormal proportion of PH value (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.63–10.42; P = 0.001) and vaginal cleanliness (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.36–4.0; p = 0.004) increased as the histological diagnoses progressed.
Conclusion：Vaginal microecology played a vital role in HPV infection and the progression of cervical lesions. Detection of vaginal secretion may contribute to discovering micro-environmental modulation therapeutic targets with probiotics, reducing the incidence of cervical cancer.
Video assisted thorascopic assisted correction of left partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection: one case report
Authors: zhou kai , zhao lei , Yuanzhi Luo , Geng Hong , Ji Qiang , Zuo Kun , He Gengxu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction The left partial anomalous pulmonary vein connection is a rare congenital heart disease, especially with intact atrial septum. Now we reported a case of the left superior pulmonary vein drainage to left innominate vein through a vertical vein, and corrected with video assisted thoracoscopy.Case presentation A-59-years old man diagnosed left anomalous partial pulmonary vein connection with presentation of short breathiness and palpation, and diagnosed with computer tomography pulmonary angiography. The operation was carried out under video assisted thoracoscopy with one manipulation incision and one observational incision, the vertical vein was dissected and anastomosis with left atrial appendage. The patients recovered smoothly and postoperative CTPA showed anastomosis ostium was unobstructed.Conclusion The left lateral thoracotomy and video assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a feasible for correction of left PAPVC with intact interatrial septum without using CPB.
Violations of choice transitivity depend on “within-attribute” vs. “within-alternative” processes
Authors: Pessach Gilad , Tsetsos Konstantinos , Usher Marius 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Choice transitivity (CT) is a central axiom of rationality. While violating CT is rare, there have been reports of such violations (Tversky, 1969; Tsetsos et al., 2016; but see Regenwetter, 2011). If humans indeed violate CT, an important challenge is understanding the conditions that promote intransitive choices and the mechanisms that support it. Here, we report the presence of CT violations (CTV) using a strict data analysis method (Regenwetter, 2011) and an experimental design where each choice is presented on a single visual display, avoiding averaging artifacts (Davis-Stober et al., 2016). In three experiments (one of which is a pre-registered replication), we provide evidence for CTV in human (student) participants. In addition, we find a dependence of the CTV-rate on the mode of information processing. A higher CTV-rate occurs when the choice stimuli are presented grouped by attributes compared to when the same stimuli are grouped by alternatives.
Tracking the Web Tracking: Methods, Countermeasures, and Future Directions
Authors: Sim Kyungmin , Heo Honyeong , Cho Haehyun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

A hidden shadow world that tracks Internet users' behaviors lies behind everyday websites. Web tracking analyzes online behaviors based on collected data and provides content that may interest the user. Web tracking collects vast amounts of data for various purposes, from sensitive personal information to trivial information such as settings and preferred information types, including the user's IP address, device, and search history. Although web tracking is largely a legitimate technology, there is a steady increase in illegal user tracking, data leakage, and illegal sale of data. Therefore, the need for techniques capable of detecting and preventing web trackers is becoming more important. This paper introduces a general description of web tracking technology, related research, and a website measurement tool that can identify web-based tracking. It also introduces techniques for preventing web tracking and discusses future research directions.
Identification of a novel and plant height-independent QTL for coleoptile length in barley and validation of its effect using near isogenic lines
Authors: Gao Shang , Su Zhouyang , Ma Jun , Ma Jian , Liu Chunji , Li Huihui , Zheng Zhi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Coleoptile length (CL) is one of the most important agronomic traits in cereal crops due to its direct influence on the optimal depth for seed sowing which facilitates better seedling establishment. Varieties with longer coleoptiles are preferred in drought-prone areas where less moisture maintains at the top layer of the soil. Compared to wheat, genetic study on coleoptile length is limited in barley. Here, we reported a study on detecting the genomic regions associated with CL in barley by assessing a population consisting of 201 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Four putative QTL conferring CL were consistently identified on chromosomes 1H, 5H, 6H, and 7H in each of the trials conducted. Of these QTL, the two located on chromosomes 5H and 6H (designated as Qcl.caf-5H and Qcl.caf-6H) are likely novel and Qcl.caf-5Hshowed the most significant effect explaining up to 30.9% of phenotypic variance with a LOD value of 15.1. To further validate the effect of this putative QTL, five pairs of near isogenic lines (NILs) were then developed and assessed. Analysis of the NILs showed an average difference of 21.0% in CL between the two isolines. Notably, none of the other assessed morphological characteristics showed consistent differences between the two isolines for each pair of the NILs. Candidate genes underlying the Qcl.caf-5H locus were also predicted by employing orthologous analysis and comparing the genome assemblies for both parental genotypes of the mapping population in the present study. Taken together, these findings expand our understanding on genetic basis of CL and will be indicative for further gene cloning and functional analysis underly this locus in barley.
Longitudinal host transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults with extremely high viral load
Authors: Avadhanula Vasanthi , Creighton Chad , Ferlic-Stark Laura , Sucgang Richard , Zhang Yiqun , Nagaraj Divya , Nicholson Erin , Rajan Anubama , Menon Vipin , Doddapaneni Harshavardhan , Muzny Donna , Metcalf Ginger , Cregeen Sara Javornik , Hoffman Kristi , Gibbs Richard , Petrosino Joseph , Piedra Pedro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Current understanding of viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and host responses driving the pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19 is rapidly evolving. Here, we conducted a longitudinal study to investigate gene expression patterns during acute SARS-CoV-2 illness. Cases included SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with extremely high viral loads early in their illness, individuals having low SARS-CoV-2 viral loads early in their infection, and individuals testing negative for SARS-CoV-2. We could identify widespread transcriptional host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection that were initially most strongly manifested in patients with extremely high initial viral loads, then attenuating within the patient over time as viral loads decreased. Genes correlated with SARS-CoV-2 viral load over time were similarly differentially expressed across independent datasets of SARS-CoV-2 infected lung and upper airway cells, from both in vitro systems and patient samples. We also generated expression data on the human nose organoid model during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The human nose organoid-generated host transcriptional response captured many aspects of responses observed in the above patient samples, while suggesting the existence of distinct host responses to SARS-CoV-2 depending on the cellular context, involving both epithelial and cellular immune responses. Our findings provide a catalog of SARS-CoV-2 host response genes changing over time.
Prioritization of Key Economic Sectors for the Promotion of New Territorial Articulation Initiatives. Case Province of Tungurahua
Authors: Tapia Carlos Ernesto Flores , González María del Carmen Pérez , Ávila Francisco Javier Maza , Cevallos Karla Lissette Flores 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

This article identifies and prioritizes the economic sectors of the province of Tungurahua with the greatest potential to increase regional productivity and competitiveness. This prioritization contributes, on the one hand, to decision-making to obtain an optimal allocation of public and private investments, and on the other hand, to the creation of new forms of production in the territory to support innovation and the consolidation of competitive advantages. All this, from the perspective of an integral, territorial and sustainable development. The prioritization of these key sectors is achieved using three techniques: the Rasmussen Method, the analysis of perception surveys applied to stakeholders and productive sectors of the province of Tungurahua and the Shift-Share Method.