bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vanadium MXenes materials for next-generation energy storage devices
Authors: Sijuade Ayomide Adeola , Eze Vincent Obiozo , Arnett Natalie Y , Okoli Okenwa I 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Batteries and supercapacitors have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage technologies. The rapid development of new two-dimensional (2D) electrode materials indicates a new era in energy storage devices. MXenes are a new type of layered 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides that have drawn much attention because of their excellent electrical conductivity, electrochemical and hydrophilic properties, large surface area, and attractive topological structure. This review focuses on various synthesis methods to prepare vanadium carbide MXenes with and without etchants like hydrofluoric acid, lithium fluoride, and hydrochloric acid to remove the ‘A’ layers of the MAX phase. The goal is to demonstrate the utilization of a less toxic etching method to achieve MXenes of comparable properties to those prepared by traditional methods. The influence of intercalation on the effect of high interlayer spacing between the MXene layers and the performance of MXenes as supercapacitor and battery electrodes is also addressed in this review. Lastly, the gaps in the current knowledge for vanadium carbide MXenes in synthesis, scalability, and utilization in more energy storage devices were discussed.
Iron and nitrogen co-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction
Authors: Sun Shanfu , Yin Zhiyuan , Li Songlin , Liu Ruiqi , Sun Guopan , Wang Yinglin , Hao Xidong , Cheng Pengfei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with one-dimensional nanostructure are an ideal support for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts thanks to their intrinsic outstanding electrical conductivity and high specific surface area. Iron and nitrogen doping could alter the local electronic structure and therefore enhance the ORR activity of MWCNTs, but the preparation process always includes complicated growth conditions and post-treatment. Herein, an iron and nitrogen co-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe–N-MWCNTs) with hierarchical nanostructure is engineered and synthesized via a simple two-step pyrolysis approach. Large specific surface area, low resistivity, and intensified charge density near the Fermi level synergistically endow the Fe–N-MWCNTs with outstanding ORR activity. The optimal Fe–N-MWCNTs exhibit a higher onset potential value of 0.92 V (versus RHE) and half-wave potential (E
1/2) of 0.85 V (versus RHE) in 0.1 M KOH medium, which exceeds the benchmark Pt/C electrocatalyst (E
1/2 = 0.84 V). This strategy of modifying MWCNTs support by a simple calcination process provides a feasible method to prepare cost-efficient ORR electrocatalysts.
Plasma-assisted fluidized-bed atomic layer deposition of Pd-Cu nanoparticles on porous powder for CO2 hydrogenation
Authors: Tian Xu , Wang Dongyuan , Ouyang Bo , Chen Qiang , Liu Zhongwei , Wang Xinwei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel plasma-assisted fluidized-bed atomic layer deposition process to synthesize Pd-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles is reported, using palladium hexafluoroacetylacetonate, copper(I)-N, N′-di-iso-propylacetamidinate and H2 plasma. The process allows us to uniformly deposit Pd-Cu nanoparticles in porous powder, which is a mixture of γ-Al2O3 (30 wt%), amorphous aluminum silicate (50 wt%) and molecular sieve (20 wt%) (ASM). With metal loadings of 13.1 and 2.5 mg g−1 for Pd and Cu, respectively, the afforded 13.1Pd-2.5Cu catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance for the hydrogenation of CO2 in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor with no intentional heating. Under the condition of discharge input power of 24.6 W, H2-to-CO2 ratio of 4 in feed gas, and gas hourly space velocity of 7595 h−1, the conversion of CO2 can reach as high as 38.0%, with the CH4 and CH3OH product selectivities of 6.7% and 12.8%, respectively. Density functional theory calculations are further employed to understand the associated CH3OH formation mechanism.
Prospects of probing dark matter condensates with gravitational waves
Authors: Banerjee Shreya , Bera Sayantani , Mota David F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Lambda-Cold Dark Matter model explains cosmological observations most accurately till
date. However, it is still plagued with various shortcomings at galactic scales. Models of dark
matter such as superfluid dark matter, Bose-Einstein Condensate(BEC) dark matter and fuzzy dark
matter have been proposed to overcome some of these drawbacks. In this work, we probe these models
using the current constraint on the gravitational wave (GW) propagation speed coming from the
binary neutron star GW170817 detection by LIGO-Virgo detector network and use it to study the
allowed parameter space for these three models for Advanced LIGO+Virgo, LISA, IPTA and SKA
detection frequencies. The speed of GW has been shown to depend upon the refractive index of the
medium, which in turn, depends on the dark matter model parameters through the density profile of
the galactic halo. We constrain the parameter space for these models using the bounds coming from
GW speed measurement and the Milky Way radius bound. Our findings suggest that with Advanced
LIGO-Virgo detector sensitivity, the three models considered here remain unconstrained. A
meaningful constraint can only be obtained for detection frequencies ≤ 10-9 Hz, which
falls in the detection range of radio telescopes such as IPTA and SKA. Considering this best
possible case, we find that out of the three condensate models, the fuzzy dark matter model is the
most feasible scenario to be falsified/validated in near future.
Inflation in metric-affine quadratic gravity
Authors: D. Gialamas Ioannis , Tamvakis Kyriakos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the general framework of Metric-Affine theories of gravity, where the metric and the connection are independent variables, we consider actions quadratic in the Ricci scalar curvature and the Holst invariant (the contraction of the Riemann curvature with the Levi-Civita antisymmetric tensor) coupled non-minimally to a scalar field. We study the profile of the equivalent effective metric theory, featuring an extra dynamical pseudoscalar degree of freedom, and show that it reduces to an effective single-field inflationary model. We analyze in detail the inflationary predictions and find that they fall within the latest observational bounds for a wide range of parameters, allowing for an increase in the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The spectral index can either decrease or increase depending
on the position in parameter space.
Nonlinear neural control using feedback linearization explains task goals of central nervous system for trunk stability in sitting posture
Authors: Noamani Alireza , Vette Albert H , Rouhani Hossein 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective. Characterizing the task goals of the neural control system for achieving seated stability has been a fundamental challenge in human motor control research. This study aimed to experimentally identify the task goals of the neural control system for seated stability. Approach. Ten able-bodied young individuals participated in our experiments, which allowed us to measure their body motion and muscle activity during perturbed sitting. We used a nonlinear neuromechanical model of the seated human, along with a full-state feedback linearization approach and optimal control theory for identifying the neural control system and characterizing its task goals. Main results. We demonstrated that the neural feedback for trunk stability during seated posture uses angular position, velocity, acceleration, and jerk in a linearized space. The mean squared error between the predicted and measured motor commands was less than 0.6% among all trials and participants, with a median correlation coefficient

r

of more than 0.9. Our identified optimal neural control primarily used trunk angular acceleration and near-minimum muscle activation to achieve seated stability while keeping the deviations of the trunk angular position and acceleration sufficiently small. Significance. Our proposed approach to neural control system identification relied on a performance criterion (e.g. cost function) explaining what the functional goal is and subsequently, finds the control law that leads to the best performance. Therefore, instead of assuming what control schemes the neural control might utilize (e.g. proportional-integral-derivative control), optimal control allows the motor task and the neuromechanical model to dictate a control law that best describes the physiological process. This approach allows for a mechanistic understanding of the neuromuscular mechanisms involved in seated stability and for inferring the task goals used by the neural control system to achieve the targeted motor behavior. Such neural control characterization can contribute to the development of objective balance evaluation tools and of bio-inspired assistive neuromodulation technologies.
Comparison of boiling heat transfer on heaters with mesh structure and microfins
Authors: Bialek A , Stokowiec K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The topic of heat transfer efficiency during boiling is considerably important and more attention is paid to the improvement of heat flux using various microstructures. The article focuses on the comparison of boiling heat transfer between exchangers with a porous mesh structure and microfins. The tests were performed on the brass mesh of the wire diameter of 0.25 mm as well as on the microfin surface of the width 1 mm. The height of both the samples was the same and equalled to 0.5 mm. The boiling liquids were distilled water and ethyl alcohol. The experiments were conduced under ambient pressure. The results of the tests carried out confirm that these coatings have a positive effect on the heat transfer. The basis of this analysis is the course of processes taking place on individual samples and the influence on the heat flux values. The comparison of the experimental results and correlations has proven differences between them – especially in the case of pinfin surface (for both the boiling agents). The differences varied with changing the heat flux.
Numerical Simulation of Liquid Hydrogen Spilling in the Confined Cabin with Air Supplying and Vent
Authors: Shu Z Y , Liang WQ , Lei G , Zheng X H , Qian H 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to research the spill and diffusion characteristics of liquid hydrogen in confined cabin with air supplying and vent. The spill and diffusion behavior of liquid hydrogen in the confined cabin with air supplying and vent was simulated using Fluent software. The feasibility of the model was verified by the experimental results. The research results show that the numerical simulation model can simulate to predict the diffusion process of liquid hydrogen well and has application value for engineering. The diffusion cloud after the spill of liquid hydrogen is gathering at the top and slowly spread to the surrounding which is different from the open environment. The process of liquid hydrogen spill can be divided into three stages, among which the concentration of cloud clusters changes sharply in the spilling stage. Low wind speed can affect the inclination angle of the diffuse cloud, and it is concluded that wind speed is also the main factor affecting the movement of the diffusion cloud. The research results are expected to provide a reference for standard formulation and design of liquid hydrogen applications.
Research on transformer condition assessment based on improved D-S evidence fusion theory
Authors: Li Xiaohan , Wu Peng , Lu Yuncai , Wang Shengquan , Shi Qi , Wu Yiming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In view of the trend of the transformation of transformer maintenance mode to condition-based maintenance in power grid companies and the shortcomings of D-S evidence theory in transformer operation state assessment, a transformer operation state assessment method based on improved D-S evidence fusion theory is proposed. Pre-process the transformer state quantity data to obtain the corresponding weight of the state value of each state quantity index; The improved D-S theory is used to introduce the uncertainty, and the modified basic reliability allocation is obtained. Then, the judgment results of transformer operation state level are obtained by fusing all evidence bodies. Finally, the feasibility of this method is verified by the actual operation data of a power transformer.
Numerical Simulation of Cavitation and FlashBoiling in GDI Nozzle and Spray
Authors: Zhao Zirui , Zhang Xinyu , Gong Mengjun , Chen Mengrong , Ren Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This work aims at using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method to establish a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine nozzle and combustion chamber model to simulate cavitation and flash boiling phenomena and analyze how these phenomena affect the engine performance. FLUENT 15.0 is used to simulate the flow of fuel. The cavitation phenomenon in GDI nozzle was simulated comprehensively, and the influences of parameter values such as inlet pressure and outlet pressure on cavitation were studied in this work. The results show that high injection pressure can promote the occurrence of cavitation and high outlet pressure has an inhibitory effect on cavitation. However, the effect of cavitation on atomization cannot be seen intuitively only through the simulation of the internal nozzle. The two-dimensional inter nozzle model established in this work is a foundation for the establishment of external nozzle model. It can provide specific boundary conditions at nozzle outlet. In addition, a three-dimensional external nozzle model was established to simulate the flash boiling spray in the combustion chamber. Based on the mechanism, it can be found that flash boiling spray improves the atomization quality. After verifying the simulation results with relevant experiments, these models could bring great convenience to the study of cavitation and flash boiling with sufficient reliability in further study.
Effect of annealing temperature on the microstructures and impact toughness of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb titanium alloy plates
Authors: Ge Jinpeng , Guo Jianning , Yu Yang , Ye Wenjun , Hui Songxiao , Luo Yumeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Numerous studies have clarified the importance of measuring the impact toughness of titanium alloy drill pipe, however, the influence of heat treatment parameters on the impact toughness of titanium alloy is seldom discussed. Herein, the influence of annealing temperature on notch impact toughness of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb alloy was investigated by Charpy impact test. Optical microscope and SEM characterized the impact specimens’ annealing microstructure and fracture surface. The results revealed that the primary α phase gradually decreases with increasing annealing temperature, and the impact toughness of the plate increases first and then decreases. The alloy fracture changes from quasi-cleavage fracture to ductile fracture, and with the temperature rising to the phase transformation point, the fracture of the alloy mainly turns into cleavage fracture.
Analysis of streak defects on the surface of high-quality automobile steel SP121 after stamping
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Ke-qiang , Xia Lei , Sun Rong-sheng , Cai Shun-da , Chen En-lai , Wang Xiao-hang , Song Li-wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the streak defects on the surface of high-quality automobile steel SP121 after stamping, the surface profile of the streak defects was analyzed by a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The micro-morphology and element content of the streak defects area were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that compared with the normal area of the strip steel surface, the surface roughness features of the streak defects area of SP121 after stamping are not apparent. There are many linear defects and dot defects perpendicular to the streak defects. The energy spectrum detection shows no element abnormality in the streak defects area. The surface streak defects of SP121 after stamping are caused by the poor contact between the strip steel and the stamping die, which leads to the poor fluidity of the materials during stamping, and finally, the streak defects are formed.
Study on the effect of element enrichment on the surface of high-strength pickling steel on the film-forming performance of phosphating film
Authors: Li Yan , Xia Lei , Sun Rong-sheng , Liu Ren-dong , Song Li-wei , Tian Yu-ting , Cai Shun-da 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A salt spray test was used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of pickling high-strength steel JSH440W to phosphating film on its surface, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to analyze the micro-morphology and element content of the surface defects area of the sample after salt spray test. The results show that the enrichment of Si, Mn, and O elements on the surface of pickling high-strength steel JSH440W badly influences the film-forming performance of phosphating film. The enrichment of Si, Mn, and O elements on the strip steel surface will slow down the film-forming speed of the phosphating film and make the thickness of the phosphating film thinner, which will lead to the reduction of corrosion resistance in this area, and it is easy to cause pitting corrosion behavior, to cause the paint film on the sample surface to fall off. Reducing the enrichment of Si, Mn, and O elements on the surface of acid-washed high-strength steel and increasing the roughness uniformity of strip steel is beneficial to improving the quality of phosphating film and the coating property of pickling high-strength steel.
Effect of sodium methylsilicate on mechanical and water resistance of macro defect-free (MDF) gypsum
Authors: Zhao Yunchuan , Dong Xuming , Lu Guoyun , Lei Honggang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Finding vicarious building materials for Portland cement and reducing the usage of cementitious materials is a key to reduce the carbon emission of cement production. Desulfurization (FGD) gypsum powder is a common solid waste which application is limited by its low mechanical strength and poor water resistance properties. This paper studies the effect of sodium methylsilicate on the mechanical performance and waterproofs of macro-defect free (MDF) gypsum involving pressurized processing. The compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption rate, softening coefficient and water contact angle of the MDF gypsum are assessed. The results show that adding 1.6 wt% sodium methylsilicate achieves to the maximum strength of 7.5 MPa for flexural and 35.7 MPa for compressive, which increasing by 4.2% and 6.6% relative to the pure MDF gypsum, and increasing by 11.9 % and 138.0 % relative to traditional casting gypsum. With the increasing content of sodium methylsilicate, the waterproofs of MDF gypsum become better. When adding 1.6 wt% sodium methylsilicate, the water absorption rate, softening coefficient and water contact angle is 0.4 %, 0.78 and 93.5° for 2 h immersion, respectively. The pressurized production is recommended to prepare MDF gypsum.
Testing of the HCC and AMAC functionality and radiation tolerance for the HL-LHC ATLAS ITk strip detector
Authors: Dandoy J.R. , Dressnandt N.C. , Gosart T.C. , Gutierrez Zagazeta L.F. , Keener P.T. , Krizka K. , Kroll J. , Lu S. , Mayers G.S.M. , Newcomer F.M. , McGovern R.P. , Nikolica A. , Reichert J. , Reilly M.B. , Thomson E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For the high-luminosity phase of the LHC, which begins operation in 2029, the current ATLAS inner detector will be replaced by a new tracker, the ITk. The ITk consists of two subdetectors, one using pixels and the second using silicon-strips, the ITk Strip detector. The HCC and AMAC chip are radiation-tolerant ASICs that contribute to the front-end readout, monitoring and control of the ITk Strip subsystem. Low temperature startups and low internal regulated voltage tests have been performed on HCC and AMAC to guarantee their reliability at edge operation conditions. In addition, to ensure the operation of the HCC and AMAC under a radiation heavy environment, gamma and x-ray irradiation campaigns were conducted. HCC and AMAC successfully operated at harsher conditions than the ones expected during the HL-LHC.
The Influence of BIA-ALCL on the Use of Textured Breast Implant and its Placement: A Survey of Dutch Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Bletsis Patrick P , van Veen Martinus M , van der Lei Berend 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Breast implant–associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) and its association with macrotextured breast implants may have induced plastic surgeons to change their breast augmentation and breast reconstruction practice.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to survey Dutch plastic surgeons about the effects of BIA-ALCL on their choice of breast implant texture and placement technique.

Methods
An online questionnaire was distributed to all members of the Dutch Association of Plastic Surgeons. Descriptive data were presented as frequencies and percentages. Technique alterations were analyzed by the marginal homogeneity test for paired nominal data.

Results
A total of 63 plastic surgeons completed the questionnaire. The majority of respondents altered their use of textured implants due to BIA-ALCL concerns for both breast augmentation and reconstruction (75.4% and 69.8%, respectively; both being statistically significant, P &lt; .001). Microtextured and smooth/nanotextured breast implants are now most frequently used. BIA-ALCL did not influence the placement technique in breast augmentation and reconstruction (87.7% and 94.3%, respectively). Dual-plane breast implant placement is still the most favored technique for breast augmentation, and submuscular placement is still most favored for breast reconstruction.

Conclusions
BIA-ALCL has had a significant impact on the use of macrotextured breast implants by Dutch plastic surgeons in both aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery. Breast implant placement technique has not been affected.

Level of Evidence: 4