bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting response of soil microbiomes to long-term fertilization in various highland cropping systems
Authors: Kong Weibo , Qiu Liping , Ishii Satoshi , Jia Xiaoxu , Su Fuyuan , Song Yu , Hao Mingde , Shao Mingan , Wei Xiaorong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoil microbiomes play important roles in supporting agricultural ecosystems. However, it is still not well-known how soil microbiomes and their functionality respond to fertilization in various cropping systems. Here we examined the effects of 36 years of phosphorus, nitrogen, and manure application on soil bacterial communities, functionality and crop productivity in three contrasting cropping systems (i.e., continuous leguminous alfalfa (AC), continuous winter wheat (WC), and grain-legume rotation of winter wheat + millet - pea - winter wheat (GLR)) in a highland region of China’s Loess Plateau. We showed that long-term fertilization significantly affected soil bacterial communities and that the effects varied with cropping system. Compared with the unfertilized control, fertilization increased soil bacterial richness and diversity in the leguminous AC system, whereas it decreased those in the GLR system. Fertilization, particularly manure application, enlarged the differences in soil bacterial communities among cropping systems. Soil bacterial communities were mostly affected by the soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents in the WC and GLR systems, but by the soil available phosphorous content in the AC system. Crop productivity was closely associated with the abundance of fertilization-responsive taxa in the three cropping systems. Our study highlights that legume and non-legume cropping systems should be disentangled when assessing the responses of soil microbial communities to long-term fertilizer application.
The Use of Simulation in Audiology Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alanazi Ahmad A. , Nicholson Nannette 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to assess the level and quality of evidence supporting the use of simulation in audiology education regarding enhanced knowledge, skills, self-confidence, and satisfaction.

Method:
A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative peer-reviewed literature published between 2000 and 2023 was conducted. The PICO mnemonic (where P = population, I = intervention, C = comparison, and O = outcomes) was used to frame the clinical question and generate search terms. Search strategies were executed in seven databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to track the peer-reviewed literature identification and selection process. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists and Levels of Evidence were used to characterize the research studies.

Results:
A total of 668 records were identified. Nineteen peer-reviewed publications met the inclusion criteria. Diverse study designs, interventions, assessment techniques, and simulation types were identified. Characteristics of included studies (e.g., author, year, study purpose) were reported by evidence tables. Primary and secondary outcomes were identified and described. Results indicate statistical and/or clinically significant improvements in knowledge, skills, and/or self-confidence following simulation training. Each study was critically appraised, and the level, quality, and strength were assigned.

Conclusions:
The use of simulation as an educational method among audiology students has been shown to dramatically increase knowledge, skills, and self-confidence. However, the use of simulation in audiology education is still behind compared to other health professions. As a result, there are a limited number of simulation-based studies in audiology. Most health academic institutions have well-designed simulation centers; therefore, audiology programs are urged to collaborate with colleagues in other professions and benefit from the services offered by these facilities.
Oxygenator Evaluation: Maxima 1380 Versus Maxima Plus
Authors: Engle James H. , Ploessl Jay , Sutton Robin 
Published: August 2023

Continual improvement of oxygenators has been important in the growing demands of patient safety and support during cardiopulmonary bypass. The purpose of this study was to compare the Maxima 1380 oxygenator to the upgraded Maxima Plus oxygenator.
Thirty-two adult patients were randomized to either the 1380 group or the Plus group. Information was recorded on the patients' weight, age, body surface area, esophageal temperature, arterial temperature, venous oxygen saturation, arterial pO2, arterial pCO2, blood flow, hematocrit, gas sweep, and FiO2.
No significant difference was found between the two groups' mean weight, body surface area, arterial pO2 arterial pCO2, age, esophageal temperature, arterial temperature, venous oxygen saturation, and blood flow (p > 0.05). The Plus group demonstrated significantly lower mean gas sweep rates and FiO2 settings than the 1380 group. FiO2 of the 1380 was dependent on age, body surface area, blood flow, and esophageal temperature (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). FiO2 of the Plus was correlated with weight, esophageal temperature, arterial temperature, and arterial pO2 (r = 0.93, p < 0.001). Gas sweep rate of the 1380 was dependent on age, weight, esophageal temperature, blood flow, arterial temperature, and arterial pCO2 (r = 0.84, p < 0.001). The gas sweep rate of the Plus was dependent on weight and esophageal temperature (r = 0.55, p < 0.001). Based on these analyses, the new Maxima Plus oxygenator is more efficient in oxygen and carbon dioxide transport than the Maxima 1380.
Surface Activation of Whole Blood: Clot Detection with a Thrombelastograph
Authors: Stover Todd M. , Stammers Alfred H. 
Published: August 2023

Various methods are used to decrease the length of time required to generate useful data from thrombelastography (TEG). The quicker this data can be produced and analyzed the sooner decisions can be made for hemostasis management. The present study was designed to determine the effects of glass compared to plastic with respect to their effect on the activation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. Thirty-seven samples of native whole blood (NWB) were drawn via radial artery catheter, internal jugular sheath or by direct venous puncture. Half of each sample was placed in a glass test tube and the other half in a plastic (polypropylene) container, and allowed to sit for periods of 1 minute (n = 4 ), 1.5 minutes (n = 5), 2 minutes (n = 9), 2.5 minutes (n = 9) and 3 minutes (n = 10). The glass activated samples were placed in plastic TEG cups that had been randomized to one of the two TEG channels, with the plastic activated samples being placed in metal TEG cups in the opposite channel. This resulted in a total of seventy-four TEG profiles.
There were no significant correlations (p < 0.05) between any of the inter- or intra-related TEG parameters, reaction time (R time), kinetic time (K time), maximum amplitude (MA), or alpha angle (AA). However, the R time of the glass activated samples showed a linear decrease in time required to achieve this value. The plastic activated samples did not exhibit this linear decrease in R time. The thrombelastograph index (TI) showed an initial hypocoagulability at 1 min for glass (-1.84 ± 3.46) when compared to plastic ( + 1.58 ± 0.23). At 1.5 minutes, the TI for glass ( -0.12 ± 2.97) approached those for plastic ( +0.035 ± 1.68) and remained relatively close until3 min of activation when the glass samples TI (2.48 ± 3.16) proved to be hypercoagulable when compared to the plastic at 3 min, TI (1.97 ± 2.64). The MA, K time and alpha angle seemed to be largely unaffected by the different activation times.
This study has shown that glass activation may be used effectively to decrease the time required to generate TEG data from NWB samples, and that the glass activation does not seem to affect the TEG parameters significantly other than the R time.
Supplemental Use of Antithrombin Ill Concentrate in the Pediatric Patient
Authors: Cunningham Beth A. , Ecklund Jodie M. , Riley Jeffrey B. 
Published: August 2023

Decreased AT-III levels during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have been observed in pediatric patients and are attributable to hemodilution. Prebypass administration of AT-III to the pediatric patient has been shown to prevent decreases in serum AT-III levels and elevated fibrinopeptide A (FPA) levels before and after bypass. We compared the clinical outcome of patients receiving supplemental AT-III injectate to control patients. Patients with preoperative AT-III levels less than 80% received AT-III injectate prior to heparinization.
A retrospective analysis of 149 patients (31 study patients vs. 118 controls) revealed that a greater percentage of patients receiving AT-III were cyanotic (p=0.001) and underwent more complex cardiac repairs (p=0.001). Compared to patients not receiving AT-III, surgeries were performed at lower temperatures (p=0.040) with longer CPB times (p=0.031) and circulatory arrest times (p=0.047). Baseline AT-III levels were significantly lower in the treated group (p<0.0001) but were significantly higher during CPB (p=0.0001). Total postoperative blood loss, blood product administration, rate of reoperation, total time in ICU and mortality proved not to be significantly different between the groups after adjusting for above covariates (p=NS). It appears that maintenance of higher AT-III levels did not affect the clinically measurable outcome variables associated with hemostasis.
Do Heparinase Thrombelastographs Predict Postoperative Bleeding?
Authors: Mashburn Paulla , Ecklund Jodie , Riley Jeffrey 
Published: August 2023

Postoperative hemorrhage is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The thrombelastograph (TEG) is a viscoelastic whole blood test that measures clot dynamics from clot formation through clot lysis. Previous studies have shown that post-bypass TEGs are accurate predictors of postoperative bleeding.
TEGs from heparinized blood reversed with heparinase may be employed during CPB to evaluate coagulation. CPB heparinase TEGs may allow for earlier recognition of patients who may bleed after bypass. Earlier TEG analysis would allow targeting of specific therapies to begin before the patient bleeds excessively. Fifty-four heparinase TEGs during warming and fifty-four native TEGs post-protamine administration were collected. Parameters evaluated were R, K, alpha angle, MA, MA60, coagulation index, activated clotting time. hematocrit, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen concentration, platelet count, blood loss during and after CPB, and blood and blood product administration. Coagulation indexes for CPB heparinase TEGs that were less than -2 or heparinase TEGs that were fibrinolytic were 87% accurate in predicting patients with excessive intraoperative blood loss, but were not predictive of blood product administration. The sensitivity was 12.5% and the specificity was I 00% in predicting excessive intraoperative bleeding. Post-protamine coagulation index inversely correlated with intraoperative red blood cell administration (r=-0.403, p<0.05), but was not predictive. Patients with fibrinolytic TEGs required blood products to compensate for expected blood loss associated with the fibrinolytic state. Simultaneous routine coagulation tests did not correlate significantly with blood loss or blood product administration, nor were they predictive. The findings of this study suggest that the presence of fibrinolysis in either a heparinase TEG on bypass or a post-protamine TEG is the most important predictor of blood and blood product administration. But, since only 20% of the patients in the study exhibited fibrinolytic TEGs, a study that included a much larger sample of patients would need to be done to confirm this finding.
New Roller Pump Disposable Provides Safety and Simplifies Occlusion Setting
Authors: Lee-Sensiba Kerri , Azzaretto Nancy , Carolina Clifford , DiCarmine Nancy , Hymowitz Don , Kay Stuart , Kooker Karlene , Salogub Michelle , Wong Elaine , Tamari Yehuda 
Published: August 2023

A new disposable insert for the arterial roller pump, the Better-Header™, provides safety and functionality beyond what standard tubing provides. It automatically limits pump outlet pressure to a level determined by the user and provides a self-contained, simple means to set pump occlusion. The Better-Header™ consists of a Starling-like pressure relief valve connected across standard header tubing. As long as arterial line pressure at the pump outlet remains below a set limit, the valve is closed. If line pressure approaches the pressure limit, the valve opens, preventing overpressurization by shunting blood from pump outlet to inlet. The BetterHeader ™ can also be used to set occlusion by the “dynamic method” to obtain nonocclusive settings.
The Better-Header™ was evaluated in the lab for its pressure-flow characteristics. Even when the arterial line was completely clamped at a pump flow of 7 Llmin, line pressure was limited to a safe level and all circuit connections were preserved.
The Better-Header™ has been used successfully at North Shore University Hospital in over 500 clinical cases covering a wide range of patients and procedures. In several instances, the user was alerted to high pressure situations by fluid flow through the valve and by an audible alarm, allowing rapid correction of the source of pressure. Compared to the standard setup, the Better-Header™ maintains outlet pressure within safe, user-settable limits, and permits consistent, nonocclusive settings with predictable retrograde flow.
Extracorporeal Circuit Sterility after 168 Hours
Authors: Young William V. , Heemsoth Christopher H. , Georgiafandis George , Mitchell Daryl C. , Hackett Dennis K. , Bahna Donald G. 
Published: August 2023

One of the most important tasks of the perfusionist is the proper assembly of the extracorporeal circuit (ECC) prior to the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The ECC is usually assembled, primed and debubbled 30 minutes to one hour prior to the patient entering the operating room. But there are occasions when the ECC may have been set up and the previously scheduled procedure cancelled. Perfusionists in this situation have found themselves in a quandary; dispose of the ECC because of required nursing compliance and the sterility question, or keep it and use it later because of the economic impact on the "bottom line". Some hospitals may have satisfactorily answered the question of ECC sterility after 24 hours without observation, but the few reported papers regarding this issue, and our desire to save these circuits, inspired us to find out if they were in fact sterile after having been open for a long period of time.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate ECC sterility using an open reservoir oxygenator, over a time period of seven days. After obtaining 792 bacterial cultures from three sites within the ECC, the study was terminated. There were no positive bacterial cultures during the study period. Assuming there is no deliberate contamination, pump circuits assembled in an unused operating room can be maintained sterile for a period of seven days.
Pumpless Extracorporeal Lung Assist
Authors: Phillipp A. , Behr R. , Rengr M. , Kaiser M. , Birnbaum D. 
Published: August 2023

Extracorporeallung assist (ECLA) is an established form of treatment for acute pulmonary insufficiency. Classically, it takes the form of veno-venous bypass. The femoral vein and the subclavian vein are favored cannulation sites. Blood is pumped with either a roller or a centrifugal pump. Sometimes heparin-coated cannulae, membrane oxygenators (MO), and tubing are used, which may significantly reduce the risk of bleeding. A device pumping 1.0 to 4.0 liters per minute nevertheless signifies a persistent mechanical stress for the cellular blood components and causes some degree of hemolysis.
A 42 year old patient with acute pancreatitis and marginal clotting parameters developed profound pulmonary insufficiency. All modes of mechanical ventilation were exhausted and proved to be inadequate. Under good hemodynamic conditions, an arterio-venous pumpless ECLA was instituted for a duration of 10 days, when the patient could be successfully weaned. The membrane oxygenator was connected via cannulae in the femoral artery and femoral vein.
Evolution of a Cardiovascular Information System
Authors: Frank Douglas A , Williams Thomas E. , Hankins Thomas D. , Chudik J. Michael 
Published: August 2023

The competitive nature of our evolving health care system mandates a concomitant increase in the level of sophistication of the cardiovascular information system. The new paradigms in health care also mandate a re-engineering of the process of data collection and analysis. This paper deals with a variety of hardware, software, and human issues encountered at our institution.
Topics covered include implementation of service line management, utilization of an interdisciplinary medical informatics model, database conversion, and application development. Special attention will be paid to the development of a system which is a comprehensive information system for clinical and financial management of the cardiovascular patient, not just a quality-of-care database.
Frühkindliche Bildung im Botanischen Garten der Universität Leipzig
Authors: Engelmann Rolf A. , Lohs Ute , Kiess Wieland 
Published: August 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGViele Botanische Gärten mit ihren Pflanzensammlungen sind heute wichtige und breit aufgestellte Bildungsorte. Im Kern wird hier ein umfassendes Verständnis gefördert, warum Pflanzen und ihre Vielfalt notwendig für alles Leben auf unserer Erde sind. Auch der Botanische Garten der Universität Leipzig widmet sich dieser Bildungsaufgabe als wichtigen Auftrag im Bereich Wissenstransfer. Mit einem ganzheitlichen Bildungskonzept wird, neben einem breiten Angebot für Schulkinder, im Projekt „Kindergarten – Gartenkinder“ ein Angebot für eine noch jüngere Zielgruppe geschaffen. Dieses frühkindliche Bildungsangebot schafft für Kinder einen Raum für frühe Naturerfahrungen. Das von den Kindern Erlebte kann unter Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung oder globales Lernen zusammengefasst werden. Neben dem Angebot für die Kinder selbst, ist die Vorstellung des Angebots an pädagogisches und therapeutisches Fachpersonal ein wichtiger Transferbaustein. Nur mit vielen und an die jeweiligen Örtlichkeiten angepassten Bildungsangeboten verschiedener Akteure können wir das Ziel erreichen, dass alle Kinder bis zum 6. Lebensjahr eine erste Vorstellung von der Bedeutung der Pflanzen und des Lebens entwickeln können.
Acute Effects of Different Conditioning Activities on Amateur Soccer
Players
Authors: Silva-Neto Manoel E. , Oliveira Saulo F. M. , V. Oliveira José Igor , Gomes Willemax S. , Lira Hugo A. A. S. , Fortes Leonardo S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeveral warm-up activities are used to prepare soccer players for training and
games. However, few studies have focused on comparing different activities
(strength vs. stretching) in young and amateur athletes, especially for
performance improvement in explosive actions. Thus, in order to compare the
effect of four conditioning activities on jump and sprint performances, 12
soccer athletes (age: 19±0.8; weight (kg): 72.8±8.0; height
(cm): 180±6.7) performed four warm-up activities: strength exercise
(cluster system), combined exercise, plyometric exercise, and static stretching
(control). The countermovement jump (CMJ) and 30-meter run (30-m Sprint) were
performed 10 min after each experimental condition. A ONE-WAY ANOVA test
of repeated measures was conducted with a Tukey’s post-hoc test to
compare the conditions. The strength conditioning activity protocol
(33.68±2.87) showed a significant difference for the CMJ from static
stretching (30.96±3.16) (p>0.05). There were significant
differences regarding the 30-m Sprint test between strength conditioning
(4.72±0.19) and combined activities (4.71±0.21) compared to
static stretching (4.84±0.21) (p>0.05). In conclusion, the
combined conditioning activity and strength protocols can be chosen in warm-up
activities instead of static stretching (control condition) for improved
immediate sprint and jump abilities in amateur soccer players.
Lymphatic Malformations in Parkes Weber's Syndrome: Retrospective Review of 16 Cases in a Vascular Anomalies Center
Authors: Moreno Alfonso Julio César , Méndez-Maestro Irune , Coll i Prat Aniol , Rodríguez-Laguna Lara , Martínez-Glez Victor , Triana Paloma , López-Gutiérrez Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Parkes Weber's syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by overgrowth and vascular malformations, primarily affecting the extremities. While PWS is known to be associated with arteriovenous and capillary malformations, the potential involvement of lymphatic malformations (LMs) has not been previously reported. The objective of this study is to investigate the presence of lymphatic anomalies in PWS patients and their role in the development of limb asymmetry.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with PWS in a Vascular Anomalies Center from 1994 to 2020. Clinical data were obtained from medical records including diagnostic imaging, lymphoscintigraphy, and genetic testing. The Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee have approved this study.
Results A total of 16 patients aged 18 interquartile range 14.7 years diagnosed with PWS were included (50% female). Six of the 16 patients with PWS had clinical and imaging data suggestive of LM (37.5%) and 3 of them had genetic variants in RASA1 (2/3) or KRAS (1/3). Limb asymmetry was greater in patients with isolated PWS (2.6 ± 0.8 cm) than in the PWS-lymphatic anomalies population (2 ± 0.7 cm), although not significant (p = 0.247). One in 6 patients with PWS-LM required amputation (16.6%) versus 1 in 10 in isolated PWS (10%).
Conclusion Lymphatic anomalies may be present in a significant number of patients with PWS and could have a role in limb asymmetry and outcomes. It is paramount to investigate their existence and distinguish them from true overgrowth.
Updated Hemodynamic Definition and Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lechartier Benoit , Kularatne Mithum , Jaïs Xavier , Humbert Marc , Montani David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological manifestation of a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by abnormally elevated pulmonary arterial pressures diagnosed on right heart catheterization. The 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PH provides a new hemodynamic definition to define PH by lowering the threshold of the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) to 20 mm Hg. Precapillary PH is thus now defined as a mPAP >20 mm Hg together with a normal pulmonary artery wedge pressure (<15 mm Hg) and an increased pulmonary vascular resistance (>2 Wood Units). The ESC/ERS 2022 Guidelines also introduce a revised clinical classification of PH while retaining its previous distinction between the five groups according to the underlying pathophysiology.