bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voice pathology identification system using a deep learning approach based on unique feature selection sets
Authors: Abdulmajeed Nuha Qais , Al‐Khateeb Belal , Mohammed Mazin Abed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVoice pathology diagnosis requires extracting significant features from voice signals, and classical machine learning models can overfit to the training data, which can cause difficult issues and pose challenges. The study aimed to develop a reliable and efficient system for identifying voice pathologies utilizing the long short‐term memory (LSTM) method. The study combined unique feature sets such as the mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), zero crossing rate (ZCR), and mel spectrograms, which have not been used together in previous works. Voice pathology identification improved the accuracy rate using the LSTM approach on the Saarbruecken voice database (SVD) samples. The best results achieved by the proposed system showed an accuracy rate of 99.3% for /u/ vowel samples in neutral pitch, 99.2% for /a/ vowel samples in high pitch, 99% for /i/ vowel samples in neutral pitch, and 99.2% for sentence samples. The experimental results were evaluated utilizing accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity, and F1 measures. Additionally, the study compared the performance of LSTM with that of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and found that LSTM achieved better outcomes.
Ultrastructural and biochemical changes of sarcoplasmic reticulum in spotted mackerel (Scomber australasicus Cuvier, 1832) muscle during cold storage at 5 °C
Authors: Liang Jia , Wang Zhuolin , Zhou Lijun , Niu Yabin , Yuan Chunhong , Tian Yuanyong , Takaki Koichi 
Published: May 2023

SummarySpotted mackerel were stored at 5 °C for 0–5 days. To reveal changes in freshness and provide the fundamental knowledge of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), structural and biochemical changes were investigated by optical microscope, transmission electron microscopy and biochemical detection, including pH, myosin Ca2+‐ATPase activity, adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) content, SR recovery field and SR Ca2+‐ATPase (SERCA) activity. The result exhibited that SR swelled on day 1 and ruptured after 2 days. Muscle structure showed significant changes from day 0 to day 5. SERCA activity and SR recovery field were 0.46 μm Pi/min/mg and 1.05 mg/g at day 0 and 0.106 μm Pi/min/mg and 0.109 mg/g at day 2, respectively, highly corresponding to the decline of pH, myosin Ca2+‐ATPase activity and ATP content with a significant difference from day 0 to days 1 and 2. The biochemical properties of SERCA exhibited the maximum activity at pH 6.8–7.0 (0.408 μmol Pi/min/mg). Treated at pH 5.5 for 80 min or incubated at 35 °C for 40 min inactivated SERCA of 80%. Therefore, keeping at a freezing temperature of 5 °C and maintaining SR functionality was essential to delay freshness decrease.
Impact of increased alcohol consumption during the COVID‐19–related lockdowns on admissions with liver disease, gastrointestinal bleeding and pancreatitis in Melbourne, Victoria
Authors: Ngu Natalie L. Y. , Boyd David T. , Morgan Beth , Surampudi Anusha , Brown Imogen , Bykersma Chloe , Kennett Grace , Yesmin Anika , Peng Yuhong , Bell Sally , Le Suong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis audit collates data on alcohol‐related gastrointestinal (GI) admissions at Monash Health, Victoria, during the prolonged, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)–related lockdown July to October 2020 compared with the same periods in 2019 and 2021. We found a 58% increase in admissions in 2020 and a 16% increase in 2021, which also increased disproportionately to overall health service emergency presentations. Self‐reported alcohol consumption increased by 2.5‐fold and was greatest in 2020. Clinical severity was unchanged and cirrhosis was the only factor associated with severe disease. This study suggests an association between the pandemic‐related lockdown, alcohol consumption and alcohol‐related GI hospitalisation. Our study provides support for resourcing and adapting alcohol and other drug services during and beyond the COVID‐19 lockdown.
Mucosal‐associated invariant T cells in digestive tract: Local guardians or destroyers?
Authors: Wang Xingzhou , Liang Mengjie , Song Peng , Guan Wenxian , Shen Xiaofei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMucosa‐associated invariant T cells (MAIT) are a class of innate‐like T lymphocytes mainly presenting CD8+ phenotype with a semi‐invariant αβ T‐cell receptor, which specifically recognises MR1‐presented biosynthetic derivatives of riboflavin synthesis produced by various types of microbiomes. As innate‐like T lymphocytes, MAIT can be activated by a variety of cytokines, leading to immediate immune responses to infection and tumour cues. As an organ that communicates with the external environment, the digestive tract, especially the gastrointestinal tract, contains abundant microbial populations. Communication between MAIT and local microbiomes is important for the homeostasis of mucosal immunity. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests changes in the abundance and structure of the microbial community during inflammation and tumorigenesis plays a critical role in disease progress partly through their impact on MAIT development and function. Therefore, it is essential for the understanding of MAIT response and their interaction with microbiomes in the digestive tract. Here, we summarised MAIT characteristics in the digestive tract and its alteration facing inflammation and tumour, raising that targeting MAIT can be a candidate for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
Ring finger protein 12 activates AKT signalling to promote the progression of liver cancer by interacting with EGFR
Authors: Yu Chengpeng , Rao Dean , Wang Tiantian , Sheng Jiaqi , Lv Enjun , Zhang Long , Lu Xun , Yu Jingjing , Liang Huifang , Song Jia , Huang Wenjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most common solid tumours, and ranks as the third leading cause of cancer‐associated mortality around the world. This study has linked RNF12 to the pathogenesis of liver cancer. Based on the analysis of patient samples and database data, high RNF12 expression was found in liver cancer, in correlation with worse clinicopathological features and a poor prognosis. Meantime, RNF12 could promote the progression of liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RNF12 could interact with EGFR and decrease the internalization of EGFR to activate EGF/EGFR signalling. In addition, PI3K‐AKT signalling takes part in the regulation of liver cancer cell proliferation and migration of RNF12. And AKT inhibitor MK2206 could reverse RNF12‐mediated cellular proliferation and migration in liver cancer. The possibility of the physical interaction between RNF12 and EGFR might lay a foundation to develop intervention strategies for liver cancer prevention and therapy.
Predictive values of metabolic score for insulin resistance on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and comparison with other insulin resistance indices among Chinese with and without diabetes mellitus: Results from the 4C cohort study
Authors: Pan Limeng , Zou Huajie , Meng Xiaoyu , Li Danpei , Li Wenjun , Chen Xi , Yang Yan , Yu Xuefeng 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionTo investigate the relationship between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS‐IR) index and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and to compare its ability to predict MACEs with other IR indices including homeostatic model assessment for IR (HOMA‐IR) and triglyceride glucose (TyG) index‐related parameters.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a cohort study enrolling 7,291 participants aged ≥40 years. Binary logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were performed to determine the association between METS‐IR and MACEs, and the receiver operating curve (ROC) was utilized to compare the predictive abilities of IR indices and to determine the optimal cut‐off points.ResultsThere were 348 (4.8%) cases of MACEs during a median follow‐up of 3.8 years. Compared with participants with a METS‐IR in the lowest quartile, the multivariate‐adjusted RRs and 95% CIs for participants with a METS‐IR in the highest quartile were 1.47 (1.05–2.77) in all participants, 1.42 (1.18–2.54) for individuals without diabetes, and 1.75 (1.11–6.46) for individuals with diabetes. Significant interactions were found between the METS‐IR and the risk of MACEs by sex in all participants and by age and sex in individuals without diabetes (all P values for interaction < 0.05). In the ROC analysis, the METS‐IR had a higher AUC value than other indices for predicting MACEs in individuals with diabetes and had a comparable or higher AUC than other indices for individuals without diabetes.ConclusionsThe METS‐IR can be an effective clinical indicator for identifying MACEs, as it had superior predictive power when compared with other IR indices in individuals with diabetes.
Internet usage and the prospective risk of dementia: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Cho Gawon , Betensky Rebecca A. , Chang Virginia W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the long‐term cognitive impact of internet usage among older adults. This research characterized the association between various measures of internet usage and dementia.MethodsWe followed dementia‐free adults aged 50–64.9 for a maximum of 17.1 (median = 7.9) years using the Health and Retirement Study. The association between time‐to‐dementia and baseline internet usage was examined using cause‐specific Cox models, adjusting for delayed entry and covariates. We also examined the interaction between internet usage and education, race‐ethnicity, sex, and generation. Furthermore, we examined whether the risk of dementia varies by the cumulative period of regular internet usage to see if starting or continuing usage in old age modulates subsequent risk. Finally, we examined the association between the risk of dementia and daily hours of usage. Analyses were conducted from September 2021 to November 2022.ResultsIn 18,154 adults, regular internet usage was associated with approximately half the risk of dementia compared to non‐regular usage, CHR (cause‐specific hazard ratio) = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.46–0.71. The association was maintained after adjustments for self‐selection into baseline usage (CHR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.41–0.72) and signs of cognitive decline at the baseline (CHR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.46–0.85). The difference in risk between regular and non‐regular users did not vary by educational attainment, race‐ethnicity, sex, and generation. In addition, additional periods of regular usage were associated with significantly reduced dementia risk, CHR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.68–0.95. However, estimates for daily hours of usage suggested a U‐shaped relationship with dementia incidence. The lowest risk was observed among adults with 0.1–2 h of usage, though estimates were non‐significant due to small sample sizes.ConclusionsRegular internet users experienced approximately half the risk of dementia than non‐regular users. Being a regular internet user for longer periods in late adulthood was associated with delayed cognitive impairment, although further evidence is needed on potential adverse effects of excessive usage.
The (Ir)Relevance of Rule‐of‐Thumb Consumers for U.S. Business Cycle Fluctuations
Authors: ALBONICO ALICE , ASCARI GUIDO , HAQUE QAZI 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe estimate a medium‐scale model with and without rule‐of‐thumb consumers over the pre‐Volcker and the Great Moderation periods, allowing for indeterminacy. Passive monetary policy and sunspot fluctuations characterize the pre‐Volcker period for both models. In both subsamples, the estimated fraction of rule‐of‐thumb consumers is low, such that the two models are empirically almost equivalent; they yield very similar impulse response functions, variance, and historical decompositions. We conclude that rule‐of‐thumb consumers are irrelevant to explain aggregate U.S. business cycle fluctuations.
Low‐carbohydrate diets, low‐fat diets, and mortality in middle‐aged and older people: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Yimin , Li Yueying , Wang Wenxiu , Song Zimin , Zhuang Zhenhuang , Li Duo , Qi Lu , Huang Tao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundShort‐term clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of low‐carbohydrate diets (LCDs) and low‐fat diets (LFDs) for weight loss and cardiovascular benefits. We aimed to study the long‐term associations among LCDs, LFDs, and mortality among middle‐aged and older people.MethodsThis study included 371,159 eligible participants aged 50–71 years. Overall, healthy and unhealthy LCD and LFD scores, as indicators of adherence to each dietary pattern, were calculated based on the energy intake of carbohydrates, fat, and protein and their subtypes.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 23.5 years, 165,698 deaths were recorded. Participants in the highest quintiles of overall LCD scores and unhealthy LCD scores had significantly higher risks of total and cause‐specific mortality (hazard ratios [HRs]: 1.12–1.18). Conversely, a healthy LCD was associated with marginally lower total mortality (HR: 0.95; 95% confidence interval: 0.94, 0.97). Moreover, the highest quintile of a healthy LFD was associated with significantly lower total mortality by 18%, cardiovascular mortality by 16%, and cancer mortality by 18%, respectively, versus the lowest. Notably, isocaloric replacement of 3% energy from saturated fat with other macronutrient subtypes was associated with significantly lower total and cause‐specific mortality. For low‐quality carbohydrates, mortality was significantly reduced after replacement with plant protein and unsaturated fat.ConclusionsHigher mortality was observed for overall LCD and unhealthy LCD, but slightly lower risks for healthy LCD. Our results support the importance of maintaining a healthy LFD with less saturated fat in preventing all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality among middle‐aged and older people.
Catch Up with the Good and Stay Away from the Bad: CEO Decisions on the Appointment of Chief Sustainability Officers
Authors: Wang Taiyuan , Fu Yingzhu , Rui Oliver , De Castro Julio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhy do some chief executive officers (CEOs) appoint chief sustainability officers (CSOs) for their firms while others do not? We answer this question by examining CEOs' attention allocation to competition for stakeholders' approval, which can be triggered by both industry peers' corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate social irresponsibility (CSiR). An increase in peers' CSR triggers CEOs' attention allocation by observing that peers have improved and thus pose a competitive threat to their own firms. An increase in peers' CSiR triggers CEOs' attention allocation by perceiving that stakeholders will demand more for sustainability and thus place higher sanctions on their own firms in the future. CEOs' attention allocated to industry peers' CSR and CSiR, in turn, can increase their perceived importance and urgency of appointing CSOs for their firms to ‘catch up with the good’ (responsible peers) and to ‘stay away from the bad’ (irresponsible peers). We also theorize the moderating roles of CEOs' motivational attributes, such that predominantly prevention‐focused CEOs are more (less) likely to appoint CSOs as peers increase CSR (CSiR), and future‐oriented CEOs are more (less) likely to appoint CSOs as peers increase CSiR (CSR).
Dyadic processes of relational turbulence theory
Authors: Goodboy Alan K. , Dillow Megan R. , Knoster Kevin C. , Howard Heath A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study tested dyadic processes of relational turbulence theory (RTT) in heterosexual marriages. We tested propositions 1, 2, and 5 of RTT, which propose that uncertainty about the marriage biases cognitive appraisals, and that interference from a partner heightens negative emotions, both of which culminate in relational turbulence for spouses. Guided by these propositions, husbands' and wives' (N = 510; 255 marital dyads) dyadic cognitive and emotional processes were estimated using the actor‐partner interdependence mediation model. Consistent with theoretical propositions, we found evidence for actor‐actor indirect effects; for both husbands and wives (a) the effect of spouses' relationship uncertainty on their own relational turbulence was mediated by their own biased cognitive appraisals, and (b) the effect of spouses' experienced interference on their own relational turbulence was mediated by their own anger from communicating in the marriage. However, controlling for actor‐actor indirect effects, partner‐defined processes (i.e., actor‐partner and partner‐actor indirect effects) uniquely explained husbands' and wives' relational turbulence.
Economics of treatment with GnRH agonist 7–14 days after artificial insemination in repeat breeder lactating dairy cows
Authors: Borş Silviu‐Ionuț , Borş Alina , Abdoon Ahmed Sabry S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study looked at the effectiveness and financial benefits of treating repeat breeder (RB) dairy cows with the GnRH agonist gonadorelin 7–14 days after artificial insemination (AI). A total of 188 healthy dairy cows (2.4 ± 1.3 lactations) with an average milk yield of 42.1 ± 6.8 kg milk/day, at 179 ± 38.4 days in milk with 3.8 ± 1 AIs were divided into two groups, experimental (E group, n = 98) and control (C group, n = 90). The GnRH agonist gonadorelin was given 7–14 days after AI to the E group to evaluate the embryo survival in RB cows. The control group did not receive any treatment. Recorded pregnancy rates and cumulative pregnancy rates were superior in the E group (49% and 64.3%) compared with the C group (37.8% and 55.5%). The interaction between therapy and RB had a significant impact on the pregnancy rate and accessory corpus luteum (CL), according to a binary logistic regression study. The UW‐DairyRepro$ decision support tool utilized in this experiment demonstrated that by implementing this approach, the net present value can be increased by US dollars (US$)30.2/RB cow/year. Thus, the single therapy with GnRH agonist gonadorelin between 7 and 14 days after AI enhanced the potential for a second CL in repeat‐breeder pregnant cows, presumably favouring embryo survival.
Luminex Crossmatch in kidney transplantation
Authors: Ameur Radouan Fadi , Berkani Lilya Meriem , Belaid Brahim , Habchi Khadidja , Saidani Messaoud , Djidjik Reda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe introduction of the Luminex Crossmatch assay (LumXm) which uses Luminex bead technology, consists of extracting the donor's Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules from their lymphocytes, and binding them to fluorescent beads that are put in contact with recipient's serum. HLA donor‐specific antibodies (DSA) are detected using a fluorescent conjugate. The goal of our study is to determine the benefits of using LumXm in a renal transplantation algorithm. We tested 78 recipients' sera using the LumXm, and the results were compared with the Luminex single antigen bead assay (SAB) for all sera, as well as the Flow Cytometry Crossmatch (FCXM) for 46 sera. We compared our results with those of SAB using 3 cutoffs, the first being the manufacturer's criteria where sensitivity and specificity were at 62.5% and 91.3% respectively for HLA class 1, and 88.5% and 50.0% respectively for HLA class 2. When using the third cutoff criteria (≥2 Adjusted values + MFI [Mean fluorescence intensity] >500 + Neg MFI < 500), the sensitivity increased to 69.0% for HLA class 1 and decreased to 84.0% for HLA class 2, while the specificity increased for HLA class 1 and 2. When comparing with FCXM, the 3 assays agreed in 55.8% of results for class 1 and 2 alike. However, major discrepancies were found for two groups in HLA class 1 and one in HLA class 2. The LumXm when used with other techniques to overcome its' weak points, can provide an interesting insight into the patient's HLA–DSA profile.
Is the majority always right? Young children's normative interpretations of majority and dissenting peer behavior
Authors: Hardecker Susanne , Vreden Carlo , Alcan Ena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study investigates the social‐cognitive underpinnings of young children's bias to follow the majority. More specifically, we focus on the question of whether children not only copy the behavior of a majority of peers, but whether they also understand this majority behavior as a social norm that everyone needs to follow. Additionally, we investigated whether seeing a unanimous majority or a majority and dissenting peer makes a difference for children's normative understanding. Participants included 180 preschool‐age children (4‐to‐5 years old) who engaged in a conformity paradigm, where they either saw the behavior of a unanimous majority of peers, or additionally the behavior of a single dissenting peer, or only the behavior of two individual peers behaving differently (Control). Afterward, children mostly copied the unanimous majority and protested against others, when they deviated from this majority, thus indeed interpreting the behavior of a unanimous majority as a norm that others need to follow. However, when they had seen a majority as well as a dissenter, children's protest and copying in favor of the majority dropped. Overall, our findings show that preschool children interpret the behavior of a unanimous majority as normative. However, when children additionally see a dissenter's behavior, this normative interpretation is weakened.
Natural variation of OsML1, a mitochondrial transcription termination factor, contributes to mesocotyl length variation in rice
Authors: Meng Yun , Zhan Junhui , Liu Hongyan , Liu Jindong , Wang Yamei , Guo Zhan , He Sang , Nie Lixiao , Kohli Ajay , Ye Guoyou 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARYMesocotyl length (ML) is a crucial factor in determining the establishment and yield of rice planted through dry direct seeding, a practice that is increasingly popular in rice production worldwide. ML is determined by the endogenous and external environments, and inherits as a complex trait. To date, only a few genes have been cloned, and the mechanisms underlying mesocotyl elongation remain largely unknown. Here, through a genome‐wide association study using sequenced germplasm, we reveal that natural allelic variations in a mitochondrial transcription termination factor, OsML1, predominantly determined the natural variation of ML in rice. Natural variants in the coding regions of OsML1 resulted in five major haplotypes with a clear differentiation between subspecies and subpopulations in cultivated rice. The much‐reduced genetic diversity of cultivated rice compared to the common wild rice suggested that OsML1 underwent selection during domestication. Transgenic experiments and molecular analysis demonstrated that OsML1 contributes to ML by influencing cell elongation primarily determined by H2O2 homeostasis. Overexpression of OsML1 promoted mesocotyl elongation and thus improved the emergence rate under deep direct seeding. Taken together, our results suggested that OsML1 is a key positive regulator of ML, and is useful in developing varieties for deep direct seeding by conventional and transgenic approaches.