bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective cytotoxicity of copper-coated magnesium composite on human hepatoma carcinoma cells : a preliminary investigation
Authors: Zhou Min , Wang Yong , Chen Yi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A copper-coated magnesium (Cu@Mg) composite has been prepared by electroless plating, with the aim of generating a novel antitumor agent. The cytotoxic effects in vitro of this composite on normal hepatocyte cells (L02) and hepatoma cells (97H) were evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Extract and direct contact tests were conducted with blank groups as the control. Moreover, cell adhesion test was performed with 316L medical stainless steel as the cell carrier. It was found that Cu@Mg composite showed obvious cytotoxic effects on 97H cells but acceptable cytocompatibility whit L02 cells. As illustrated by CCK-8 assay, the cytotoxicity of Cu@Mg on 97H and L02 cells were grade I and III, respectively, and more apoptosis occurred to 97H cells than to L02 cells. During direct contact test, much more pathological reactions such as rounding, shrinking, atrophic edges and clustering were found in 97H cells than those in L02 cells. Similar evidence was shown in the adhesion tests. According to the single-factor cytotoxicity evaluation of pH, Cu2+ and Mg2+, the selective cytotoxicity of Cu@Mg on 97H cells is attributed to the fast release of Cu2+ and OH−, resulting from the degradation of Cu@Mg in the culture medium, but the Mg2+ released in the same process shows no toxicity on the both cells. Therefore, it is promising to develop novel antitumor materials on liver cancers with good biocompatibility based on Cu@Mg composite.
A high-reliability scan driver integrated circuit by MO TFTs for a foldable display
Authors: Liu Chun , Zhou Lei , Zhou Zhao-Hua , Li Fei-Fan , Wei Xiao-Qin , Xu Miao , Wang Lei , Wu Wei-Jing , Peng Jun-Biao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Foldable displays have become increasingly used as a solution to the portability-practicality trade-off. A new scan driver integrated with metal oxide thin film transistors (MO TFTs) is proposed for foldable displays to overcome the effects of threshold voltage shifts on the scan driver output. In the scan driver, a feedback section and two series to transistor structures are used to keep the voltage of the key node to sustain a normal output, with this structure, the lower the voltage of the negative supply, the more stable the scan driver will be. Some flexible MO TFTs and 60 stage scan drivers are fabricated by etch stop layer structures on the polyimide substrate. Under different strains and 100 000 times bending with the minimum 3.5 mm bending radius, the characteristics of MO TFTs and the output waveform of the scan driver are measured. Experimental results show that the proposed scan driver shows high reliability since only a little voltage fluctuation occurs at the outputs after the bending test and has a better output waveform with a lower voltage of the negative supply.
Interphase formation with carboxylic acids as slurry additives for Si electrodes in Li-ion batteries. Part 1: performance and gas evolution
Authors: Jeschull Fabian , Zhang Leiting , Kondracki Łukasz , Scott Flora , Trabesinger Sigita 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Rendering the solid electrolyte interphase and the inter-particle connections more resilient to volume changes of the active material is a key challenge for silicon electrodes. The slurry preparation in a buffered aqueous solution offers a strategy to increase the cycle life and capacity retention of silicon electrodes considerably. So far, studies have mostly been focused on a citrate buffer at pH = 3, and therefore, in this study a series of carboxylic acids is examined as potential buffers for slurry preparation in order to assess which chemical and physical properties of carboxylic acids are decisive for maximizing the capacity retention for Si as active material. In addition, the cycling stability of buffer-containing electrodes was tested in dependence of the buffer content. The results were complemented by analysis of the gas evolution using online electrochemical mass spectrometry in order to understand the SEI layer formation in presence of carboxylic acids and effect of high proton concentration.
Can platelet count be controlled with ticagrelor in patients with essential thrombocythaemia? A case series
Authors: Yılmaz Samet , Çetinkaya Yakup , Akkaya Hasan , Arısoy Arif 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEssential thrombocythaemia (ET) is defined as a myeloproliferative neoplasm with a tendency to haemorrhage and thrombosis. Acute coronary thrombosis can be observed in 1 out of 10 patients. The management of ET patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a complex clinical condition that requires close follow-up.Case summaryCase-1: a 52-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of ET with Janus kinase (JAK)--2 mutation, despite using cytoreductive agents, platelet counts could not be controlled. Platelet counts started to follow a normal course with the ticagrelor treatment given after ACS. Case-2: a 49-year-old female patient who was given ticagrelor treatment after ACS was found to have JAK-2+ ET. The patient whose platelet count returned to normal after ticagrelor treatment was using a cytoreductive agent before the index event. Case-3: a 54-year-old female patient with ET without any genetic mutation. In the patient whose platelet count did not decrease despite ticagrelor treatment and cytoreductive agents given after ACS, platelet counts returned to normal with interferon therapy.DiscussionPlatelet counts returned to the normal range with ticagrelor treatment given after ACS in patients with JAK+ ET. Monitoring platelet reduction in JAK+ patients with P2Y12 inhibition is thought to be important for new treatment options.
The C-CAT sign may predict coronary artery perforation in severe calcified lesions during coronary intervention: a case series
Authors: Kawamura Akito , Egami Yasuyuki , Nishino Masami , Tanouchi Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoronary artery rupture is a rare but fatal complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The mortality rate reaches 19% in patients with the Ellis type III classification. The predictors of coronary artery rupture were reported in previous studies. However, there are few reports showing the risk factors of this threatening complication in terms of intravascular image such as optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).Case summaryWe report the case of three patients with coronary artery rupture, who underwent IVUS-guided PCI for severe calcified lesions. All three patients developed the Ellis grade III rupture, which was successfully managed with the use of a perfusion balloon and covered stents. In these patients, the common characteristics were observed in pre-procedural IVUS images. Specifically, a C-type CAlcified and residual Thin plaque sign (C-CAT sign) was seen in all three patients.DiscussionThese patient cases provide an insight into the coronary artery rupture in severe calcified lesions. The C-CAT sign in the pre-IVUS image may predict coronary artery rupture. If we obtain such a unique IVUS image before intervention, we have to consider using a smaller balloon size, for example a half size down, judging from the vessel diameter of the reference site or using ablation devices such as orbital atherectomy and rotational atherectomy to prevent coronary artery rupture.ConclusionThe C-CAT sign may predict coronary artery perforation in severe calcified lesions during PCI, although larger registries of such intracoronary pre-perforation imaging are required in order to correlate different signs with outcomes.
A gap-free and haplotype-resolved lemon genome provides insights into flavor synthesis and huanglongbing (HLB) tolerance
Authors: Bao Yixue , Zeng Ziyan , Yao Wei , Chen Xiao , Jiang Mengwei , Sehrish Akbar , Wu Bo , Powell Charles A , Chen Baoshan , Xu Jianlong , Zhang Xingtan , Zhang Muqing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The lemon (Citrus limon; family Rutaceae) is one of the most important and popular fruits worldwide. Lemon also tolerates huanglongbing (HLB) disease, which is a devastating citrus disease. Here we produced a gap-free and haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly of the lemon by combining Pacific Biosciences circular consensus sequencing, Oxford Nanopore 50-kb ultra-long, and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture technologies. The assembly contained nine-pair chromosomes with a contig N50 of 35.6 Mb and zero gaps, while a total of 633.0 Mb genomic sequences were generated. The origination analysis identified 338.5 Mb genomic sequences originating from citron (53.5%), 147.4 Mb from mandarin (23.3%), and 147.1 Mb from pummelo (23.2%). The genome included 30 528 protein-coding genes, and most of the assembled sequences were found to be repetitive sequences. Several significantly expanded gene families were associated with plant–pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction, and the biosynthesis of major active components, such as terpenoids and flavor compounds. Most HLB-tolerant genes were expanded in the lemon genome, such as 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)/Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase and constitutive disease resistance 1, cell wall-related genes, and lignin synthesis genes. Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that phloem regeneration and lower levels of phloem plugging are the elements that contribute to HLB tolerance in lemon. Our results provide insight into lemon genome evolution, active component biosynthesis, and genes associated with HLB tolerance.
Efficient forecasting and uncertainty quantification for large-scale account level Monte Carlo models of debt recovery
Authors: Baynes Sam , Cotter Simon L , Russell Paul T , Ryan Edmund M , Waite Timothy W 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe state-of-the-art in forecasting debt recovery from portfolios of non-performing unsecured consumer loans is to use stochastic models of payment behaviour of individual customers. Monte Carlo simulation of these models can enable forecasting of collections, where computational complexity arises from the very large number of heterogeneous accounts. We aim to solve 2 problems: efficient allocation of computational resources and quantification of uncertainty. We show that robust estimators of population-level variance can be constructed using unbiased estimators of the variance of individual accounts. The proposed methods are demonstrated through application to a model similar to those used in practice.
Diagnostic Yield of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests in Oral Samples for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yan , He Yu , Wang Li , Zhang Yan-An , Wang Mao-Shui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe diagnostic accuracy of oral specimen nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains controversial. We performed a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, including studies that reported the diagnostic yield of NAATs in oral samples for PTB diagnosis. The pooled estimates, including those of sensitivity and specificity, were calculated, and a meta-regression was performed to investigate heterogeneity, which was determined using χ2 and I² tests. A total of 23 articles were included, and the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of NAATs in oral samples for PTB diagnosis were 50% (95% CI, 37%–63%), 97% (95% CI, 93%–99%), and 0.89 (95% CI, 86%–92%; I2 = 99%; chi-square, 169.61; P &lt; .001), respectively. Our data demonstrated that NAATs using oral samples have a less satisfactory sensitivity and high specificity for PTB diagnosis. However, due to significant heterogeneity, such as heterogeneity in age, the results should be interpreted with caution.
Metal-based porous hydrogels for highly conductive biomaterial scaffolds
Authors: Tringides Christina M , Boulingre Marjolaine , Mooney David J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multielectrode arrays are fabricated from thin films of highly conductive and ductile metals, which cannot mimic the natural environment of biological tissues. These properties limit the conformability of the electrode to the underlying target tissue and present challenges in developing seamless interfaces. By introducing porous, hydrogel materials that are embedded with metal additives, highly conductive hydrogels can be formed. Tuning the hydrogel composition, % volume and aspect ratio of different additive(s), and the processing conditions of these composite materials can alter the mechanical and electrical properties. The resulting materials have a high surface area and can be used as biomaterial scaffolds to support the growth of macrophages for 5 days. Further optimization can enable the use of the materials for the electrodes in implantable arrays, or as living electrode platforms, to study and modulate various cellular cultures. These advancements would benefit both in vivo and in vitro applications of tissue engineering.
Selenium-modified bone cement promotes osteoporotic bone defect repair in ovariectomized rats by restoring GPx1-mediated mitochondrial antioxidant functions
Authors: Zhou Quan , Chen Weikai , Gu Chao , Liu Hao , Hu Xiayu , Deng Lei , He Wei , Xu Yong , Zhu Xuesong , Yang Huilin , Chen Xi , He Fan , Liu Tao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOver-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes mitochondrial dysfunction and impairs the osteogenic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Selenium (Se) protects BMMSCs from oxidative stress-induced damage; however, it is unknown whether Se supplementation can promote the repair of osteoporotic bone defects by rescuing the impaired osteogenic potential of osteoporotic BMMSCs (OP-BMMSCs). In vitro treatment with sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) successfully improved the osteogenic differentiation of OP-BMMSCs, as demonstrated by increased matrix mineralization and up-regulated osteogenic genes expression. More importantly, Na2SeO3 restored the impaired mitochondrial functions of OP-BMMSCs, significantly up-regulated glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) expression and attenuated the intracellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide. Silencing of Gpx1 completely abrogated the protective effects of Na2SeO3 on mitochondrial functions of OP-BMMSCs, suggesting the important role of GPx1 in protecting OP-BMMSCs from oxidative stress. We further fabricated Se-modified bone cement based on silk fibroin and calcium phosphate cement (SF/CPC). After 8 weeks of implantation, Se-modified bone cement significantly promoted bone defect repair, evidenced by the increased new bone tissue formation and enhanced GPx1 expression in ovariectomized rats. These findings revealed that Se supplementation rescued mitochondrial functions of OP-BMMSCs through activation of the GPx1-mediated antioxidant pathway, and more importantly, supplementation with Se in SF/CPC accelerated bone regeneration in ovariectomized rats, representing a novel strategy for treating osteoporotic bone fractures or defects.
COVID-19 Clusters and Outbreaks Among Non–Health Care, Noncongregate Workers in Chicago, Illinois
Authors: Lendacki Frances R. , Forst Linda , Weber Emma , Mehta Supriya D. , Kerins Janna L. 
Published: February 2023

Objective
To describe COVID-19 investigations by a large urban health department among non–health care, noncongregate workplaces and the utility of surveillance methods over time.

Methods
Frequencies of workplace-associated clusters and outbreaks are described by workplace type, workforce size, and method of identification over time.

Results
From April 2020 through January 2022, 496 COVID-19 investigations identified 442 clusters (89%) and 54 outbreaks (11%). Frontline essential workplaces comprised 36% of investigations before versus 15% after vaccine eligibility. Pre-Omicron, most investigations (84%) were identified through case interviews. During Omicron predominance, case interviews decreased dramatically and identified 10% of investigations. Offices (41%) and bars and restaurants (36%) were overrepresented, and only one outbreak was identified, given decreases in confirmatory testing.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that vaccine prioritization reduced COVID-19 burden among highest-risk workplaces, but surveillance methods likely became less representative over time.
Allograft tissue under the microscope: only the beginning
Authors: Virmani Sarthak , Rao Arundati , Menon Madhav C. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
To review novel modalities for interrogating a kidney allograft biopsy to complement the current Banff schema.

Recent findings
Newer approaches of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), digital pathology including Ex Vivo Microscopy, evaluation of the biopsy gene expression using bulk, single cell, and spatial transcriptomics and spatial proteomics are now available for tissue interrogation.

Summary
Banff Schema of classification of allograft histology has standardized reporting of tissue pathology internationally greatly impacting clinical care and research. Inherent sampling error of biopsies, and lack of automated morphometric analysis with ordinal outputs limit its performance in prognostication of allograft health. Over the last decade, there has been an explosion of newer methods of evaluation of allograft tissue under the microscope. Digital pathology along with the application of AI and ML algorithms could revolutionize histopathological analyses. Novel molecular diagnostics such as spatially resolved single cell transcriptomics are identifying newer mechanisms underlying the pathologic diagnosis to delineate pathways of immunological activation, tissue injury, repair, and regeneration in allograft tissues. While these techniques are the future of tissue analysis, costs and complex logistics currently limit their clinical use.
Was It Worth It? Critical Evaluation of a Novel Outcome Measure in Oncologic Palliative Surgery
Authors: Cohen Joshua T , Beard Rachel E , Cioffi William G , Miner Thomas J 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Patient selection for palliative surgery is complex and appropriate outcome measures are incompletely defined. We explored the usefulness of a specific outcome measure “was it worth it” in patients following palliative intent operations for advanced malignancy.

Study Design:
Retrospective review of a comprehensive longitudinal palliative surgery database at an academic tertiary-care center. All patients who underwent palliative-intent operations for advanced cancer from 2003 to 2022. Patient satisfaction (“was it worth it”) reported within 30 days of operation following palliative-intent surgery.

Results:
180 patients were identified. 81.7% self-reported their palliative surgery was “worth it” (WI). Patients who reported their surgery was “not worth it” (NWI) were significantly older, more likely to have recurrent symptoms and to need re-operation. There was no significant difference in overall, recurrence-free, and re-operation-free survival for patients when comparing WI to NWI. Initial symptom improvement was not significantly different between groups. Age over 65 (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.07-0.80, p=0.03), family engagement (HR 6.71, 95% CI 1.49-31.8, p=0.01), and need for re-operation (HR 0.042, 95% CI 0.01-0.16, p<0.0001) were all independently associated with patients reporting their surgery was WI.

Conclusions:
Here we demonstrate that simply asking a patient “was it worth it” following a palliative intent operation identifies a distinct cohort of patients that traditional outcome measures fail to distinguish. Family engagement and durability of an intervention are critical factors in determining patient satisfaction following palliative intervention. These data highlight the need for highly individualized care with special attention paid to patients self-reporting their operation was NWI.
Analysis of Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition (IMAM) dataset 2013 to 2018: A secondary dataset analysis
Authors: Kamazizwa V. , Nyadzayo T.K , Shambira G. , Gombe N.T , Juru T. , Tshimanga M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of 5 years. In Zimbabwe nearly 1 in every 3 children is malnourished. Child nutrition in the country is affected by inadequate knowledge among mothers and caregivers on appropriate diets especially in the first 1000 days of life. Weak coordination and inadequate resources for high impact nutrition interventions also affect nutrition in children.MethodsA descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on records from January 2013 to December 2018. All malnourished patients admitted into Community based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) at health facilities in, with a diagnosis of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) from January 2013 December 2018 as reported in the DHIS2 were included in the study. We retrieved the dataset from the DHIS2 to the excel sheet and analysed the data to come up with graphs demonstrating trends in management of acute malnutrition.ResultsThe 6-59 months age-group constitute the group with the highest cases of admission into the CMAM program. The 0-5 months age-group showed the least number of cases admitted and had the lowest HIV positivity over the period under review. The highest treatment outcome for HIV positive patients was death rate. Highest number of cases of malnutrition were admitted in 2016.The District failed to meet sphere standard default and cure rate throughout the period under review.ConclusionThe treatment outcomes of this study showed that HIV negative had better treatment outcomes than HIV positive. The age group 6 to 59 months had the highest number of cases admitted into CMAM program.The implementation of an effective public health approach for addressing malnutrition require a holistic approach that incorporates preventive measures such as poverty reduction, hygiene promotion, clean water, prevention of prenatal macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies, and the promotion of age appropriate foods and feeding practices for infants and young children.