bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Flying a plane and building it at the same time”: Lessons learned from the dynamic implementation of mass vaccination clinics in the Region of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Authors: Tetui Moses , Tennant Ryan , Adil Maisha , Bala Arthi , Peng Catherine Burns , Waite Nancy , Grindrod Kelly 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Vaccination plays a critical role during pandemics, and mass vaccination clinics are often an imperative public health measure. These clinics usually consist of multi-disciplinary teams, which can pose significant coordination challenges, yet also presents an opportunity for collectively contributing toward mitigating the impact of infection within communities. This study explores the coordination dynamics of the Region of Waterloo’s Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) mass vaccination clinics in Ontario, Canada, between July 2021 to April 2022.
Methods
This qualitative study included sixteen purposively selected participants working in mass vaccination clinics. Participants were individually interviewed for 40–60 minutes. An inductive and iterative thematic analysis was undertaken, including open coding, grouping, labelling, regrouping, and making sense of the themes.
Results
Three interrelated themes were created: (1) Unpredictable Work Environment, which comprised of changing clinic processes and the impact of clinic adjustments to the running of the clinics, (2) Clinic Cohesion Challenges, which included staff role disparities, limited job preparation and clinic system silos, and (3) Adaptable and Supportive Work Environment, which comprised of staff adaptability, dispositional flexibility, and a supportive work environment. While the first two themes created a precarious situation in the clinics, the third countered it, leading to a largely successful clinic implementation.
Conclusions
The rapid evolution and high transmissibility of COVID-19 in communities required a public health response that felt like flying and building a plane simultaneously—a seemingly impossible yet necessary task. However, an adaptable and supportive work environment was critical for establishing an atmosphere that can overcome challenges from a constantly changing pandemic and the guidance of public health officials. Such lessons gained from understanding the dynamic experiences in mass vaccination clinics are essential for improving the development and operation of future immunization campaigns.
Morphological alterations of corneal basal nerves in adult patients with mild to moderate dry eye by in vivo confocal microscopy
Authors: Li Guangwei , Dong Muchen , Zhong Xiaowei , Wang Shuting , Shi Weiyun , Li Suxia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives: In previous studies, the morphological differences of corneal basal nerves in dry eye patients may be related to severity and aging.The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphological alterations of corneal basal nerves in adult patients with mild to moderate dry eye disease (DED) by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM).
Subjects/Methods:Prospective, cross-sectional study.Forty-two adult patients (19-44 years) with mild to moderate DED and 16 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were included in this study. All patients had a history of dry eye lasting less than 12 months.The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear film break-up time (TBUT), sodium fluorescein staining andSchirmer’s test, and IVCM were used to observe central corneal basal nerve parameters, including nerve density, main number, branch number, width, reflectivity, tortuosity and beading number.
Results: Compared with the 16 healthy subjects (16 eyes), the 42 patients (42 eyes) with DED showed higher nerve density (21.889±3.459 vs. 16.653±1.793, P<0.001) and branch numbers (9.694±2.817 vs. 4.403±1.539, P<0.001). The main nerve numbers (6.720±1.027 vs. 6.328±0.521, P=0.199) were not significantly increased. Moreover, greater nerve width, reflectivity, tortuosity and beading numbers were observed in the DED patients (P <0.001). In the DED group, nerve density was positively correlated with main numbers, branch numbers, width and reflectivity (r=0.513, P<0.000, r=0.790, P<0.000, r=0.420, P=0.006 and r=0.526, P<0.000, respectively) and negatively correlated with tortuosity (r=-0.473, P=0.02).
Conclusions: Adult patients with mild to moderate DED demonstrated higher nerve density, branch numbers, width, tortuosity, reflectivity and beading numbers than normal subjects. IVCM may be a sensitive indicator for assessing mild to moderate DED in the early stage.
Sea Surface Temperature and Current-related Parameters Affecting Local Adaptation of Scalloped Spiny Lobster Population in Indonesia's Archipelagic System
Authors: Pancoro Adi , Indriatmoko Indriatmoko , Wijaya Danu , Karima Elfina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Indonesia has one of the largest archipelagic systems in the world, potentially affecting the complex population structures of aquatic organisms. The Scalloped Spiny Ocean (Panulirus homarus, Linnaeus 1758) has been identified widely distributed worldwide. These facts have led to questions regarding spiny lobster harvest and culture management by considering population differentiation and habitat fragmentation on complex and distinct archipelagic islands. Our investigation was conducted using high-density SNPs datasets from several spiny lobsters harvested from five locations in Indonesia. We found strong differentiation among spiny lobster populations clustered into 3 sub-populations. Environment association analysis and Fst analysis revealed outlier loci significantly associated with Sea Surface Temperature variation and potentially correlated with Sea Current-related parameters. These finding were suggested to be implemented as the essential consideration in spiny lobster management.
Harmonization of Multisite Dopamine Transporter Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography Data for Segregation of Patients with Parkinson's Disease from Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Wakasugi Noritaka , Takano Harumasa , Abe Mitsunari , Sawamoto Nobukatsu , Murai Toshiya , Mizuno Toshiki , Matsuoka Teruyuki , Yamakuni Ryo , Yabe Hirooki , Matsuda Hiroshi , Hanakawa Takashi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) can aid in selecting and stratifying participants in large-scale Parkinson’s disease (PD) clinical studies. Whether differences in DAT-SPECT methodology across institutes in multicenter cohort studies affect outcomes remains unclear. We assessed the impact of multisite data harmonization on differentiating patients with PD from healthy older adults. We obtained DAT-SPECT specific binding ratios (SBRs) in 72 healthy older adults and 81 patients with PD from four centers. We evaluated three SBR correction techniques: prospective correction using standard phantom scanning (scanner correction), standardized SBR computation (operation standardization), a combination of the two, and data-driven correction using a statistical method. We examined changes in the SBRs and diagnostic accuracy using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Multisite harmonization improved the outcome, although the SBRs without correction effectively distinguished patients with PD from healthy controls (Hedge’s g = 2.82; AUC-ROC = 0.926). Combined scanner and operation correction had the largest improvement, followed by data-driven correction (g = 4.32 and 3.99 and AUC-ROC = 0.992 and 0.987, respectively). Our findings suggest that harmonization further improves outcomes in multicenter cohorts. Prospective correction with phantom scanning and operation standardization is ideal for SBR robustness and interpretability. This data-driven correction is a potential alternative method.
Quantum size effects in ultra-thin YBa2Cu3O7-x films
Authors: Lyatti Matvey , Gundareva Irina , Röper Torsten , Popovic Zorica , Grützmacher Detlev , Schäpers Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The d-wave symmetry of the order parameter with zero energy gap in nodal directions stands in the way of using high-temperature superconductors for quantum applications. We investigate the symmetry of the order parameter in ultra-thin YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films by measuring the electrical transport properties of nanowires and nanoconstrictions aligned at different angles relative to the main crystallographic axes. The anisotropy of the nanowire critical current in the nodal and antinodal directions reduces with the decrease in the film thickness. The Andreev reflection spectroscopy shows the presence of a thickness-dependent energy gap that doesn’t exist in bulk YBCO. We find that the thickness-dependent energy gap appears due to the quantum size effects in ultra-thin YBCO films that open the superconducting energy gap along the entire Fermi surface. The fully gapped state of the ultra-thin YBCO films makes them a very promising platform for quantum applications, including quantum computing and quantum communications.
RAAS-Deficient Organoids Reveal that Delayed Angiogenesis Is The Pathomechanism Underlying Autosomal Recessive Renal Tubular Dysplasia
Authors: Kopan Rapahel , Podd-Shakked Naomi , Slack Megan , Sundaram Nambirajan , Schreiber Ruth , Dekel Benjamin , Helmrath Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Autosomal Recessive Renal Tubular Dysgenesis (AR-RTD) is a fatal genetic disorder affecting proximal tubule (PT) development in patients harboring mutations in genes comprising the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS). To uncover the pathomechanism of AR-RTD, we differentiated ACE and AGTR1 deficient pluripotent stem cells and reprogrammed AR-RTD patient cells into kidney organoids. Marker analyses confirmed that all mutant and control organoids generated PT in room air (21% O2) or under hypoxic conditions (2% O2). Mature (d24) AGTR1-/- and control organoids transplanted under the kidney capsule of immunodeficient mice engrafted and differentiated well, as did renal vesicle stage (d14) control organoids. By contrast, d14 AGTR1-/- organoids failed to engraft due to insufficient pro-angiogenic VEGF-A expression. When grown under hypoxic conditions VEGF-A expression was stimulated and organoids engrafted. Thus, PT dysgenesis in AR-RTD is a non-autonomous consequence of a developmental delay in VEGF-A induction linking ANGII pro angiogenic role to PT dysgenesis.
COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: A Qualitative Analysis with Opportunities for Action
Authors: Balma Brandon , Vasilakos Lauren , Osman Ingie , Elgonda Asha , O’Brien Janna R. Gewirtz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) are uniquely vulnerable to COVID-19 infection, yet are often excluded from response planning during the COVID-19 pandemic and other public health crises. As part of a larger community- and youth-engaged project through a national network of Prevention Research Centers, our qualitative study sought to describe youth perspectives that influence COVID-19 vaccine confidence and uptake, and identify youth-driven strategies to guide public health efforts to improve vaccine confidence and access. We conducted focus groups with youth experiencing homelessness (n=20) and semi-structured interviews with staff members (n=10) at youth-serving agencies to solicit youth perspectives about COVID-19 vaccination. Focus groups and interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic qualitative analysis. In partnership with youth and cross-sector partners, we distilled eight salient themes that influenced COVID-19 vaccine uptake and confidence among YEH: 1. historical harms and mistrust of systems, 2. access to reliable health information, 3. prioritization of basic needs, 4. personal health influence, 5. barriers to healthcare, 6. fear and uncertainty of the vaccines, 7. sense of bodily autonomy, and 8. community influence. We also identified three youth-driven opportunities to increase COVID-19 vaccination among this population: emphasizing autonomy, leveraging trusted sources of information, and improving vaccine access.Our study elucidates perspectives of YEH on COVID-19 vaccination, and identifies several opportunities to improve youth vaccine confidence and access. It also underscores the importance of centering youth voice in response planning during current and future public health crises.
Leachate landfill treatment using plasma and Ozone
Authors: Faria Anderson Carlos , Sousa Letícia , Vieira Angela , Pradella José Geraldo da Cruz , Vieira Lucia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Plasma discharge in liquid was used, and a combination system with plasma and ozone was tested looking for an effective reduction of organic material, cell growth, and discoloring process of leachate landfill. The treatments were divided into four groups and operated on three samples for leachate dilution using distilled water. The diluted samples were submitted to Ozone, plasma, plasma followed by Ozone, and Ozone, followed by plasma treatments. Microbiological and chemical oxygen demand (COD) analyses were performed for the initial leachate landfill and the products obtained after the treatments. The microbiological analyses showed that adding Ozone was most effective in reducing the bacterial load while using the plasma positively reduced COD. The best treatment strategy was first the application of plasma, followed by the addition of Ozone, which resulted in a 71% reduction of COD and an 81% decrease in bacteria growth. In comparison to results reported in the literature, the benchtop tests performed in this work demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed strategy.
The control of external and internal canopy structural heterogeneity on diversity and productivity relationship in a subtropical forest
Authors: Xu Yaozhan , Chen Han. Y. H. , Qiao Xiujuan , Zhang Yani , Jiang Mingxi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Forest canopy structure is closely related to species diversity, crown packing efficiency and ecological processes including competition and local disturbance, and influences ecosystem functions. However, our understanding of how canopy structural diversity mediates species diversity and productivity relationships remains limited. We used tree architecture measurements and repeated census data within the Badagongshan 25 ha species-rich forest dynamics plot. We created a new index-canopy surface rugosity (CSR) to represent the external heterogeneity of a forest canopy, and quantified internal heterogeneity by crown complementarity index (CCI) and crown size variations. We then calculated species diversity, functional diversity, annual forest productivity (ANPP), soil fertility, and water availability, and subsequently examined their casual relationships and their relative importance on ANPP using structural equation models. CSR significantly varied among quadrats (20 m×20 m) and decreased with species diversity and ANPP. Species diversity increased with ANPP, primarily through direct effect, CSR and CCI. CSR contributed 6 times and almost 2 times more explanations than CCI in mediating the effect of species and functional diversity on ANPP, respectively. Soil fertility affected ANPP mainly by positive direct effect and indirectly through species richness and CCI, while water availability affected ANPP mainly by negative indirect effect through CSR, CCI and species richness. A new index- CSR successfully captured the heterogeneity of external- canopy structure, which provided strong support for a space-based niche partitioning mechanism regulating species diversity-ANPP relationship. Further, CSR was sensitive to gap dynamics and successional stages, suggesting a mechanism of local disturbance- structural diversity- species diversity-ANPP relationships.
Genome-wide Association Study for Stalk Lodging Resistance Related Traits in Maize(Zea mays L.)
Authors: Wang Bangtai , Yang Meili , Guo Hua , Wang Jing , Wang Zhihong , Lu Hongwei , Qin Guiwen , Chen Jiafa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The stalk traits (stalk diameter (SD), stalk length (SL), rind penetrometer resistance (RPR), and dry matter content (DMC)) are important indicators for measuring lodging resistance.
Results
In this study, 377 inbred lines were used as four stalk-related traits, including SD, SL, RPR and DMC, were investigated at the tasseling, grain filling, and maturity stages in the third segment of maize. 461053 high-quality SNPs which were obtained by whole genome resequencing was used for genome-wide association study. The results showed that 29 significant SNPs related to traits were detected by MLM analysis (P < 9.77×10− 6), related to stalk correlation explaining 7.19% -15.03% of phenotypic variation, among which 4, 1, 4 and 20 SNPs were found related to RPR, SD, SL, and DMC respectively. Most candidate genes are related to plant element structure, signal transduction mechanisms, inorganic ion transport and metabolism, nucleotide transport and metabolism, and transporter enzyme families. Comparing MLM and GLM statistical models, a total of 12 candidate genes were detected repeatedly, with candidate gene Zm00001d014449 being detected 5 times, with a phenotypic variation interpretation rate of 9.95% -10.84%. This gene is mainly expressed in cells with active cell division and tissue differentiation, and is involved in the formation of stalk vascular bundles and the synthesis of cell walls. Another candidate gene Zm00001d005300 encodes the transcription factor MYB44, which regulates the dependence of salt stress signal phosphorylation, can effectively inhibit the accumulation of destructive reactive oxygen species, and has a certain resistance to non-Biotic stress. In addition, this study also found that 10 unknown functional genes can be further Functional verification.
Conclusions
This study helps to deepen the understanding of the genetic basis of maize stalk lodging resistance related traits, and provides theoretical guidance for future maize lodging resistance breeding.
Acacia senegal and Acacia mellifera: A novel mutant with a reduced dormancy period through silver nanoparticles
Authors: Abdalkreem Ibrahim , Yacout Mohamed , Shetta Nader , Zayed Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aims of the study are to perform green synthesis of AgNPs and assessed the variability and differences in the effects of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on seed germination and seedling vigor in Acacia senegal and Acacia mellifera. The structural properties of the synthesized AgNPs were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, were average particle size ranging from 26.51 ± 8.72 nm in transmission electron microscopy (TEM), The sharp color change and the emergence of a characteristic peak at 415 nm in the (UV-Vis) spectrum confirm the formation of the AgNPs, The surface topology by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), morphological properties, size and shape were visualized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). A completely randomized design (CRD) was used for the experiment with four replicates and four treatments consisted of silver nanoparticles at different concentrations of (control, 25, 50, and 75mgL− 1) to improve seed germination characteristics. AgNPs treated seeds showed a high germination rate with normal seedling growth at concentrations (75mgL− 1) in A. mellifera (100%) and A. senegal (72.5%) at the greenhouse, compared to the control set, which recorded (50%) and (27%) A. mellifera and A. senegal at laboratory conditions, respectively. Silver nanoparticles were successfully improved seed germination and seedling growth in the two studied acacia species.
Enabling CPS and simulation-based multi-objective optimisation for material handling of reconfigurable manufacturing systems
Authors: Flores-García Erik , Díaz Carlos Alberto Barrera , Wiktorsson Magnus , Ng Amos , Aslam Tehseen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS), cyber-physical systems (CPS) and simulation-based multi-objective optimisation (SMO) are essential for addressing the dynamic behaviour of materials and information in manufacturing. However, the lack of consideration for material handling jeopardises recent advances in these fields. Accordingly, this study proposes the use of CPSs including SMO to address the dynamic allocation of resource of material handling in the configuration analysis (CA) of RMSs and enhance operational performance. We focus on CA because of its influence on the arrangement of machines, equipment selection, and operational assignments, influencing the performance of RMS. The study presents a proof-of-concept CPS and SMO in a laboratory environment for evaluating trade-off solutions including throughput, buffer capacity, lead-time, and resources in material handling. This study contributes to the existing literature in three ways. First, it proposes a CPS architecture that includes physical, cyber, and digital service layers for applying SMO in the CA of RMS. Second, it presents a procedure for SMO, including initialization, environment, optimisation engine, and outputs, and applies NSGA-II to improve the existing calculations of the CA of RMS. Third, it shows benefits the operational performance of applying CPS and SMO to address the dynamic behaviour of material handling in the CA of RMS.
LncRNA TYMSOS is a novel prognostic biomarker and associated with immune infiltration in prostate cancer
Authors: Xia Zhongyou , Wu Ji , Yuan Xinzhu , Sun Jing , Lv Chen , Huang Peng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
LncRNA TYMSOS plays an important role in cancers; However, its impact on prostate cancer (PCa) is still unclear. Thus, we analyzed the relationship between TYMSOS expression and PCa using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) TCGA and Genotype Tissue-Expression (GTEx). Wilcoxon rank serum test and logistic regression were used to compare TYMSOS expression in PCa and normal tissues, and evaluated its correlation with clinicopathological features. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of TYMSOS. Correlation between TYMSOS expression and prognosis was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and ImmuCellAI platform were performed to determine biological function, signal pathways, and immune cell infiltration for TYMSOS in PCa. By analyzing the online data, we found that TYMSOS was highly expressed in PCa and associated with T stage , Gleason score, age, and primary therapy outcome. The results of ROC curve showed that TYMSOS has a significant diagnostic ability. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analyses suggested that TYMSOS plays an important role in progression-free survival (PFS). Increased TYMSOS expression was an independent risk factor correlated with PFS in PCa patients. GSEA and GSVA indicated that TYMSOS was involved in cell cycles, neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative phosphorylation, spliceosomes, and adaptive immune system pathways. Additionally, TYMSOS expression was also associated with immune cell infiltrates and tumor mutational burden in PCa. The functional experiments were further conducted, and we verified that TYMSOS played an oncogenic role in regulating PCa aggressiveness. Specifically, silencing of TYMSOS suppressed cell proliferation, division and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas promoted cell apoptosis in the PCa cells, and conversely, TYMSOS overexpression had opposite effects. In summary, our study revealed that TYMSOS could be a biomarker and therapeutic targets in PCa and a participant in tumor-immune cell infiltration.