bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Endoscopic Management of Esophageal Perforations as a Complication of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for a Zenker's Diverticulum
Authors: Daza Castro Erlison Mauricio , Fuentes Carlos Fernando , Córdoba Guzmán Andrea Carolina , Aponte Diego , Rocha José Nicolás , González Carlos , Sabbagh Luis Carlos 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Zenker's diverticulum develops because of a weakness in Killian's triangle, leading to a mucosal and submucosal herniation. Its treatment has evolved from morbid surgical interventions to safer endoscopic techniques such as peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM). Despite being a safe technique, Z-POEM is not free of complications such as perforations, bleeding, pneumoperitoneum, and pneumothorax, for which new endoscopic techniques have been developed. We present the case of a 53-year-old man taken to a Z-POEM who postoperatively presented dehiscence of the mucosotomy and a mediastinal collection, managed with a vacuum-assisted endoscopic closure device.
Isolated Asymptomatic Colonic Plasmacytoma Presenting as a Polyp at Screening Colonoscopy
Authors: Nassif Christian , Crabtree Matthew , Pullarkat Sheeja T. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Isolated extramedullary plasmacytomas (IEMPs) are rare. Extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) are uncommon and mostly occur in the nasopharynx or upper respiratory tract. EMP involvement of the gastrointestinal tract occurs in approximately 10% of cases, more often in the small bowel than the colon. Less than 40 cases of colonic IEMP have been reported. Asymptomatic colonic IEMPs are extremely rare with few reported cases. We present a 57-year-old asymptomatic man with a colonic IEMP found during screening colonoscopy. A sigmoid colon polyp was removed and diagnosed as a plasmacytoma. Further investigation revealed it to be an isolated lesion.
”Du behøver bare se dig lidt omkring”
Authors: Reed Beatrice G. 
Published: June 2023

”You only need to look around and see”: Representation of Plants in Swedish and Norwegian Picturebooks from the Early 20th Century
Plants are not only vital to all other life on earth; as parts of settings and narrative frames as well as actors, they also form a frequent literary motif, not least in children’s literature. This article explores how plants are represented in Swedish and Norwegian picturebooks published between 1900 and 1930. Inspired by the emerging field of critical plant studies, it presents a plant-oriented quantitative analysis of 102 books. By examining what plant species and types the corpus contains, and how these botanical motifs are portrayed, the article seeks to nuance tendencies identified in historical accounts of the period. While affirming that both the forest and cultural landscapes are central picturebook topoi in the early 20th century, the survey reveals a remarkably diverse flora. The plant-oriented examination shows that representations of both wild and cultivated plants hold ecocritical potential.
Effect of openings on simply supported reinforced concrete skew slabs using finite element method
Authors: Ibrahim Kaythar A. , Al-Darzi Suhaib Y. , Shukur Mohammed H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Reinforced concrete skew slabs are commonly used in bridges due to space constraints in motorways and in congested urban areas. Such slabs also often need to contain openings for architectural requirements or services, and this study seeks to determine the effect of these openings on the strength of the skew slabs. The finite element method was used to analyze 13 cases of slabs with skew angles of 45°. The first and second cases were used to validate the results with experimental work. Other cases studied the effect of the position and shape of openings on the strength of the skew slabs under both one-point and four-point loading conditions. The study also showed that the worst location for the opening was near the obtuse corners since this is where most of the load is transferred. With respect to the shape of openings, three different shapes with the same area were used: skew, circle, and square shapes. It was found that the effect of the opening shape depends on how many steel reinforcements are removed, as well as the appearance of negative cracking brought on as a result of the opening. Overall, the square shape introduces the smallest reduction in the skew slab strength compared with a slab with no opening. Accordingly, the study recommends that the strength of skew slabs can best be maintained if square openings are employed near the acute corners, alongside negative steel reinforcement to avoid cracking.
A Reconstruction of “Cinema as the Vehicle of Dao”: On the Methodology of Combining Traditional Chinese Culture and Film Theory
Authors: Wang Haizhou , Lin Yifeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The methodology of combining traditional Chinese culture and film studies is of significant interest to Chinese film theory. Besides revealing traditional cultural characteristics of Chinese films, film studies should also explore the nature of cinema. Hence, the task of inheriting traditional Chinese culture extends far beyond the conversion of concepts from classical literature to modern literature, to that of illuminating the philosophy behind those concepts. Such an exploration may be illustrated by revisiting the traditional phrase, “essay as the vehicle of Dao”. Through an analysis of different layers of Dao, and with the phrase reshaped as “cinema as the vehicle of Dao”, the scope of enquiry stretches from theme to ontology and epistemology, where a conversation between Chinese film theory and Western film theory may be found.
Die Wahrnehmung und Verarbeitung religiöser Pluralität. Qualitativ-empirische Befunde zu einer theoretischen Debatte
Authors: Neumaier Anna 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungReligiöse Pluralisierung gilt im Kontext der Säkularisierungsdebatte häufig als beeinflussender Faktor. Unterstellt wird dann eine bestimmte Wirkung religiöser Pluralisierung auf individuelle Religiosität, die wiederum als Indikator für Prozesse der Säkularisierung oder Individualisierung gilt. Der Aufsatz will diesen Annahmen eine qualitativ-empirische Perspektive hinzufügen, die nach der Wahrnehmung und Verarbeitung religiöser Pluralität auf individueller Ebene fragt. Er ordnet dafür interreligiöse Kontaktzonen in ihrer Relevanz für individuelle Religiosität und verweist auf die Bedeutung medial-diskursiver Vorordnungen religiöser Pluralität und die Zuweisung individueller Positionen darin. Er skizziert schließlich drei Muster der Verarbeitung dieser Pluralitätserfahrungen auf der Ebene individueller Religiosität.
Extraction and characterization of novel cellulose nanocrystals from Artemisia scoparia straw and their application in hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) films
Authors: Rehman Noor , Muhammad Noor , Ullah Hidayat , Khan Muhammad Naveed , Rahman Latif ur , Jan Abdul Khaliq , Hassan Tahir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research study reports on the extraction of nanocellulose followed by structural and thermal analysis and application of nanocellulose in hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) nanocomposite films. The cellulose nanocrystals were isolated from Artemisia scoparia straw through an alkaline treatment and bleaching process, followed by sulphuric acid hydrolysis. The HPMC nanocomposite films were prepared by a solution casting method and dried at room temperature. Fourier transform infrared-ray (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques were used to analyze the structural and thermal properties of the materials, including the cellulosic material, the nanomaterial, and the nanocomposites. The FTIR spectra indicated that the extraction procedure was adequate, demonstrating the removal of lignin and hemicellulose and the preparation of nanocellulose. The TGA results revealed the thermal degradation pattern of the cellulose and showed that the HPMC films had enhanced thermal stability. This research demonstrates that A. scoparia straw has potential for the extraction of cellulosic nanomaterial and a wide range of applications in nanocomposites.
The DEA report on ayahuasca risks: “Science” in service of prohibition?
Authors: Labate Beatriz , Ermakova Anna O. , Sloshower Jordan , Galvão-Coelho Nicole , Palhano-Fontes Fernanda , Antunes Henrique Fernandes , Loures de Assis Glauber , Cavnar Clancy , de Araújo Draulio , Ribeiro Sidarta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOn February 2023, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) released a document to the legal team representing the Church of the Eagle and the Condor (“CEC”). This disclosure came two years after the church, in conjunction with Chacruna Institute, submitted two FOIA requests to the DEA and the Department of Justice requesting all records pertaining to ayahuasca. This report, titled “Ayahuasca: Risks to Public Health and Safety,” was issued in July 2020. In the present article, we challenge a number of claims made in the DEA report and highlight significant factual omissions, theoretical biases, and misinterpretations of existing data. We will demonstrate that the DEA report severely downplays the safety profile and therapeutic potential of ayahuasca and overemphasizes the risks. It also fails to include current research on ayahuasca demonstrating its potential benefits.
Metabolites Alteration and Antioxidant Activity of Gracilaria verrucosa After Fermentation Using Aureobasidium melanogenum MTGK.31
Authors: Sibero Mada Triandala , Savitri Adella Maulina , Frederick Evan Hansel , Sedjati Sri 
Published: June 2023

Gracilaria verrucosa is a red seaweed that has been widely utilized in the food andpharmaceutical industries due to its biological properties. The utilization of biologicalagents in obtaining certain bioactive compounds would confront unavoidable issues,particularly its bioactive sustainability. Hence, microbial fermentation has been reported as a practical approach to maintaining bioactive production and boosting its properties. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential of marine yeast Aureobasidium melanogenum MTGK.31 as a fermenting agent for G. verrucosa and characterize the seaweed metabolite profile and antioxidant activity after fermentation. The seaweed was fermented using A. melanogenum MTGK.31 in a medium consisting of yeast extract, peptone, and glucose. The fermentation was done for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Total plate count and pH were measured after each fermentation period. The primary and secondary metabolites of G. verrucosa in each fermentation were observed. Antioxidant assay using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) method was conducted, followed by total phenolic content using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. It was highlighted that yeast colony increased during the fermentation, while the pH level was decreasing. We found that the fermentation not only boosted some elements in primary metabolites, but also increased G. verrucosa bioactive groups. After 72 hours of fermentation, the G. verrucosa percent radical scavenging activity (%RSA) increased more than two times compared to the fresh G. verrucosa with a %RSA value of 16.09±6.57. Nevertheless, the highest total phenolic content of 5.62±0.00028 mg GAE/g extract was shown by G. verrucosa after 48 hours of fermentation.
Antioxidant and Anti-tyrosinase Activities of Halymenia durvillei Water Extract Containing R-Phycoerythrin Before and After Microencapsulation
Authors: Khatulistiani Tiara Silva , Oktavia Devi Ambarwaty , Munifah Ifah , Marraskuranto Endar 
Published: June 2023

Halymenia durvillei water extract (HDWE) contains a dark-pink colored pigment of Rphycoerythrin (R-PE), which its stability is influenced by temperature and pH andpossesses biological activities. Microencapsulation could be the solution to preservingthe nature of R-PE. This study characterized the HDWE emulsion and analyzed the RPE content, antioxidants, and anti-tyrosinase activities before and after microencapsulation using sodium caseinate and maltodextrin (M-HDWE). Halymenia durvillei was extracted in distilled water (ratio 1:2, w/v) for 24 hours at 4 °C. Sodium caseinate to maltodextrin coating ratios were 1:2; 1:4; 1:6 and 1:12. Emulsion (viscosity, color, and R-PE content) and powder characteristics (surface morphology) were determined using Brookfield DV2T, ColorFlex EZ Hunterlab, UV-VIS spectrophotometry, and JeolSEM, respectively. The antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities were determined using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and mushroom tyrosinase assays. The Commision Internationale d’Éclairage (CIE) L* a* b* colorimetry result showed that the more maltodextrin and the lower viscosity, the more intense the emulsion color. Despite HDWE having roughly six-fold more R-PE content, all M-HDWE treatment samples exhibited equal R-PE contents (p 0.05). The M-HDWE 1:2; 1:4; 1:6; and 1:12 microcapsules had more wrinkled spheres and fewer cracks than MHDWE 0. The M-HDWE 1:2 had 33.10% lower antioxidant activity than the HDWE and was the highest compared to other M-HDWE compositions (17.15±1.27 µM/µg extract, p 0.05). Meanwhile, all M-HDWE had low anti-tyrosinase activity. It can be concluded that microencapsulation could be a solution for preserving HDWE’s antioxidant activity but not its anti-tyrosinase activity
Blood platelets in chronic graft-versus-host disease: association with Th1/Th2 ratio
Authors: Kolesnikova О. P. , Goiman Е. V. , Orlovskaya I. А. , Demchenko Е. N. , Volskiy N. N. , Gavrilova Е. D. 
Published: June 2023

As found in clinical and laboratory studies, platelets not only play a key role in the processes of coagulation and thrombosis, but are also able to actively participate in other pathophysiological processes, including the development of immune reactions. It has been shown that changes in the immune system leading to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are often accompanied by changes in the number of platelets and their activity in the peripheral blood of SLE patients, which correlate with the severity of the clinical manifestations of the disease. Earlier we have studied the standard experimental model of SLE in detail, based on the induction of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) in the semi-allogeneic system DBA/2 → (C57Bl/6 x DBA/2)F1. However, the participation of platelets in this immunopathological process has not been studied. There are no data in the literature on the behavior of platelets in cGVHD or on their relationship with the state of Th1/Th2 balance. It can been expected that the platelet count changes according to the development of cGVHD in the used experimental model by analogy with the development of SLE in humans.In the experiments, we used female mice of the DBA/2 strain and (C57Bl/6 × DBA/2)F1 hybrids. Chronic GVHD in a semi-allogeneic system was induced by injecting DBA/2 mouse splenocytes into B6D2F1 hybrid mice: 60-70 × 106 cells intravenously twice with an interval of 6 days. The studied parameters were evaluated three months after the start of the experiment and the formation of lupus-like glomerulonephritis in animals with Th2-dependent cGVHD variant.A decrease in the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin, a decrease in hematocrit and a parallel increase in the number of reticulocytes in the blood of mice with cGVHD are in good agreement with our earlier conclusion that these animals have autoimmune hemolytic anemia. It was found that, platelets increase significantly with the development of cGVHD unlike other blood cells. Secondary thrombocytosis is observed in the case of the Th2-dependent variant of сGVHD in this model of SLE, while in the group with the Th1-dependent variant of сGVHD, the average number of platelets in the blood does not differ from the control group.
Cucurbituril-based Supramolecular complexes with platinum compounds influence on expression of CTLA-4 on Regulatory T cells
Authors: Aktanova A. A. , Bykova M. V. , Boeva O. S. , Pashkina E. A. , Grishina L. V. , Kozlov V. A. 
Published: June 2023

Tumors are a leading pathology in the population. Chemotherapy cannot provide adequately and effectively to cure patients. Some medicine, such as cytostatic, are characterized by a wide range of side effects and resistance of solid tumors to chemotherapy by these medicines. In recent research, the mechanisms of action of cytotoxic agents have been described, and the most appropriate causes of resistance have been suggested. Drug delivery system based on Cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) was used to minimize side effects and overcome resistance. CB[7] has ability to form host-guest supramolecular complexes with oxaliplatin and carboplatin.It is important to consider the immune system maintain to a great role, and platinum compounds are able to have an immunomodulatory effect on immunocompetent cells. There is convincing evidence about the cytotoxic response against tumor cells is also associated with immunomodulating properties. A specific immune microenvironment with high frequency of suppressor cells is made by tumors. FoxP3+ regulatory T cells are recruited by the tumor, an increased number of these cells and expression levels of CTLA-4 and PD-1 on them contribute to the progression of the tumor process. These markers correlate with recurrence and poor survival of the patients. Therefore, it is necessary that antitumor therapy agents have an effect on a subpopulation of regulatory T cells and their functional activity. This study evaluated the effects of cucurbit[7] uril, platinum compounds, and supramolecular complexes on FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules.In this study peripheral blood cells from volunteers (n = 8, average 29.0±2.4) were used. Mononuclear cells obtained in the standard protocol were incubated for 72 h at concentrations of 0.3 and 0.1 mM for carboplatin and oxaliplatin, respectively, as well as complexes and CB[7] in equivalent dosages. Next, the samples were labeled with monoclonal antibodies to determine the phenotype and expression of immune checkpoint molecules by flow cytometry.We obtained the following results: The CB[7]-carboplatin complex in stimulated and non-stimulated cultures significantly reduced the number of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells compared to the control. At the same time, carboplatin and the CB[7]-carboplatin complex reduced the expression of CTLA-4 in an non-stimulated culture compared to CB[7].Complexes of Cucurbit[7]urils with platinum compounds are a perspective antitumor agent with immunomodulatory properties.
Os espaços públicos e a acessibilidade para permanência das pessoas na Ponte Hercílio Luz- Florianópolis/SC
Authors: Luberisse Clerdine , Pfutzenreuter Andrea Holz 
Published: June 2023

Os espaços públicos interferem e contribuem na qualidade da vida coletiva do contexto social e urbano, quando possibilitam o seu uso e apropriação de forma igualitária. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a permanência e a acessibilidade emocional no espaço público da ponte Hercílio Luz, de Florianópolis, considerado como um marco histórico, capaz de promover espaços de convívio e de trocas sensoriais. Para esse estudo, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica dos últimos 10 anos de publicações nos periódicos: Scielo e Capes, sobre o tema e os conceitos relacionados. Em seguida outras bibliografias estudadas anteriormente foram relidas e alguns sites e jornais foram consultados para compreender a história do objeto de estudo, sua importância como espaço público na vida da comunidade. Para a análise também foram realizados levantamentos fotográficos em dias em que a ponte apresenta formas de uso bem distintas. Concluímos que a ponte é um espaço acessível, porém é difícil afirmar que é um espaço inclusivo. Os resultados do estudo reforçam a importância de espaços públicos acessíveis e representativos. Assim, a importância desse estudo se destaca por evidenciar fatores que influenciam a acessibilidade emocional e permanência dos usuários nos espaços públicos. Também tem sua relevância por iniciar uma discussão sobre a necessidade de incentivar desenho inclusivo capaz de oferecer uma apropriação efetiva a todos.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Espaço público. Desenho inclusivo. Acessibilidade emocional.
The Overview of Eating Patterns and Dental Caries Status of The Community of Pendul, Argorejo, Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Utami Sri , Pinastika Retnaningtyas , Astuti Novitasari Ratna , Adiningrat Arya 
Published: June 2023

The primary caries etiology factors are hosts (teeth), agents (microorganisms), substrates, and time. Individual characteristics can be influenced by caries' risk factors, such as age, education level, economic status, and diet. The high frequency of food and snack consumption, especially cariogenic food, is riskier of being caries affected. This study aims to describe the eating pattern and dental caries status of the Pendul community in 2018. This research is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. It was held from December 2018 to January 2019 in the Pendul district of Bantul. The subject of this research was selected using the accidental sampling method with 138 respondents. The research instrument employed the Food Frequency Questionnaire and DMFT index. The result showed that the higher the consumption of cariogenic foods is, the higher the caries index will be. The highest frequency of cariogenic foods consumption was snacks, with a mean DMFT index of 8,02. The highest frequency of cariogenic beverage consumption was sugar tea, with a mean DMFT index of each respondent was 8 teeth. The highest frequency of cariogenic consumption per week lay in snacks and packaged tea. Apart from the four etiological factors, such as agent, host, substrate, and time, caries can also be caused by other determinant factors such as gender, age, education level, and socioeconomic status.
Assessment of the Effect of Psoriasis and Methotrexate Treatment on Liver Stiffness by ARFI Imaging
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Derya , KARAGÜN Ebru , UNLU Elif Nisa , OKTAY Mehtap , PASİN Özge 
Published: June 2023

Objective: To investigate whether psoriasis and methotrexate used in its treatment cause liver fibrosis and eventually to evaluate the safety of methotrexate in treatment.
Method: 44 cases were included in the study. Methotrexate-using (group 1, n=14) and methotrexate-not-using (group 2, n=13) psoriasis patients were compared retrospectively with a healthy control group (group 3, n=17) according to mean shear wave rates obtained from sonoelastographic examinations with ARFI technique.
Results: Mean shear wave velocities were calculated as 2.57 ± 1.13 m/sec in the patients using methotrexate, 2.31 ± 1.16 m/sec in the patients who did not use methotrexate, and 1.56 ± 0.62 m/sec in the healthy control group. While the average shear wave velocity of the 3rd group was found to be significantly lower than that of the 1st and 2nd groups (p=0.032; p=0.012), no significant difference was observed between the 1st and 2nd groups (p=0.755).
Conclusion: We think that the increase in liver tissue stiffness in patients using methotrexate for psoriasis is secondary to the inflammatory process caused by psoriasis itself rather than methotrexate, and methotrexate is safe for the liver in treatment.