bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Camera traps link population-level activity patterns with wildfire smoke events for mammals in Eastern Washington State
Authors: Ayars Jessalyn , Emmet Robert L. , Bassing Sarah B. , Sanderfoot Olivia V. , Raby Sierra , Karambelas Alexandra , James Eric P. , Ahmadov Ravan , Gardner Beth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDue to anthropogenic climate change and historic fire suppression, wildfire frequency and severity are increasing across the western United States. Whereas the indirect effects of fire on wildlife via habitat change are well studied, less is known about the impacts of wildfire smoke on animal health and behavior. In this study, we explore the effects of wildfire smoke on the behavior of eight medium- to large-bodied mammalian species in a heterogenous study area in Washington, USA. We linked population-level activity metrics derived from camera trap data to concentrations of fire-specific fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We hypothesized that mammalian activity would decline during smoke events, as animals attempt to reduce potential health impacts of smoke inhalation. We used occupancy models and Poisson regression models to test the effect of fire-specific PM2.5levels on daily detection probability and the number of detections per day, respectively, for each study species.ResultsWhile we did not observe any significant responses to daily mean concentrations of PM2.5in the occupancy models, we found three species with significant responses in their rates of detections per day in the Poisson regression. Specifically, for each standard deviation increase in the daily mean concentration of PM2.5, there was a 12.9% decrease in the number of bobcat detections per day, an 11.2% decrease in the number of moose detections per day, and a 5.8% increase in the number of mule deer detections per day. In general, the effects of PM2.5were small compared to other relevant covariates.ConclusionsWe generally found little evidence to support our hypothesis that animals would reduce their activity in response to wildfire smoke. However, our study demonstrated that mammals exhibited species-specific behavioral responses to smoke, which are possibly adaptive responses to reduce health impacts from smoke inhalation. Though we found only a few immediate behavioral responses to smoke exposure, we note that longer-term health consequences of smoke exposure for wildlife are also likely and generally unknown. Our study shows how camera traps, which are already widely used to study wildlife, can also be used to investigate the impacts of wildfire smoke on animal behavior and provides a step towards developing methods to better understand this increasing source of environmental stress on wildlife.
The added value of using artificial intelligence in adult chest X-rays for nodules and masses detection in daily radiology practice
Authors: Farouk Suzan , Osman Ahmed M. , Awadallah Shrouk M. , Abdelrahman Ahmed S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary nodule detection in CXR is challenging. Recently, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has been a major attraction. The current study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the AI in the detection of pulmonary nodules or masses on CXR compared to the radiologist’s interpretation and to assess its impact on the reporting process. The current study included 150 patients who had CXR interpreted by radiologists and by AI software.

Results
CT detected pulmonary nodules in 99 cases (66%) while the visual model of analysis, as well as AI, detected nodules among 92 cases (61.3%) compared to 93 (62%) cases detected by combined visual/AI model. A total of 216 nodules were detected by CT (64.4% solid and 31.5% GG). Only 188 nodules were detected by the AI while 170 nodules were detected by visual analysis. As per case classification or nodule analysis, the AI showed the highest area under curve (AUC) (0.890, 95% CI) and (0.875, 95% CI), respectively, followed by the combined visual/AI model. Regarding the nodules’ texture, the AI model’s sensitivity for solid nodules was 91.4% which was greater than the combined visual/AI and visual models alone, while in GG nodules, the combined visual/AI model’s sensitivity was higher than the AI and visual models. The probability score using the combined visual/AI model was significantly higher than using the visual model alone (P value = 0.001).

Conclusions
The use of the AI model in CXR interpretation regarding nodules and masses detection helps in more accurate decision-making and increases the diagnostic performance affecting the patient’s morbidity and mortality.
RNA modification: mechanisms and therapeutic targets
Authors: Qiu Lei , Jing Qian , Li Yanbo , Han Junhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRNA modifications are dynamic and reversible chemical modifications on substrate RNA that are regulated by specific modifying enzymes. They play important roles in the regulation of many biological processes in various diseases, such as the development of cancer and other diseases. With the help of advanced sequencing technologies, the role of RNA modifications has caught increasing attention in human diseases in scientific research. In this review, we briefly summarized the basic mechanisms of several common RNA modifications, including m6A, m5C, m1A, m7G, Ψ, A-to-I editing and ac4C. Importantly, we discussed their potential functions in human diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, genetic and developmental diseases, as well as immune disorders. Through the “writing-erasing-reading” mechanisms, RNA modifications regulate the stability, translation, and localization of pivotal disease-related mRNAs to manipulate disease development. Moreover, we also highlighted in this review all currently available RNA-modifier-targeting small molecular inhibitors or activators, most of which are designed against m6A-related enzymes, such as METTL3, FTO and ALKBH5. This review provides clues for potential clinical therapy as well as future study directions in the RNA modification field. More in-depth studies on RNA modifications, their roles in human diseases and further development of their inhibitors or activators are needed for a thorough understanding of epitranscriptomics as well as diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of human diseases.
Hemoptysis due to ruptured lung abscess successfully treated by exploratory thoracoscopy: report of a case
Authors: Miyano Yutaka , Oyama Kunihiro , Saito Yuka , Kanzaki Masato 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Ruptured lung abscess is rare and a serious medical concern. We reported a rare case of exploratory thoracoscopy for hemoptysis and empyema due to ruptured lung abscess.

Case
A 49-year-old man visited our hospital due to hemoptysis. Chest CT showed a left empyema due to ruptured lung abscess in the left lower lobe. Exploratory thoracoscopy revealed thoracic empyema with bronchopleural fistula, and thoracotomy was performed and curettage for empyema cavity, and closure of bronchopleural fistula was done. It was closed by sutures with polyglycolic-acid sheet as a pledget and covered with thickened pleura. A pneumonia and a small cavity, which seemed to be aspiration, were found on the healthy side, and the patient is being closely followed up.

Conclusion
We encountered a surgical case of ruptured lung abscess that is a cause of hemoptysis, and postoperative course was uneventful. Exploratory thoracoscopy was effective in confirming the fistula.
Long-term Outcomes of Testosterone Treatment in Men: A T4DM Postrandomization Observational Follow-up Study
Authors: Handelsman David J , Grossmann Mathis , Yeap Bu B , Stuckey Bronwyn G A , Shankara-Narayana Nandini , Conway Ann J , Inder Warrick J , McLachlan Robert I , Allan Carolyn , Jenkins Alicia J , Jesudason David , Bracken Karen , Wittert Gary A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
The T4DM study randomized 1007 men with impaired glucose tolerance or newly diagnosed diabetes to testosterone undecanoate (TU, 1000 mg) or matching placebo (P) injections every 12 weeks for 24 months with a lifestyle program with testosterone (T) treatment reducing diabetes diagnosis by 40%.

Background
The long-term effects on new diagnosis of diabetes, cardiovascular and prostate disease, sleep apnea, weight maintenance trajectory and androgen dependence were not yet described.

Methods
A follow-up email survey after a median of 5.1 years since last injection obtained 599 (59%) completed surveys (316 T, 283 P), with participants in the follow-up survey compared with nonparticipants in 23 anthropometric and demographic variables.

Results
Randomization to was TU associated with stronger belief in study benefits during (64% vs 49%, P &lt; .001) but not after the study (44% vs 40%, P = .07); there is high interest in future studies. At T4DM entry, 25% had sleep apnea with a new diagnosis more frequent on TU (3.0% vs 0.4%, P = .03) during, but not after, the study. Poststudy, resuming prescribed T treatment was more frequent among TU-treated men (6% vs 2.8%, P = .03). Five years after cessation of TU treatment there was no difference in self-reported rates of new diagnosis of diabetes, and prostate or cardiovascular disease, nor change in weight maintenance or weight loss behaviors.

Conclusion
We conclude that randomized T treatment for 24 months in men with impaired glucose tolerance or new diabetes but without pathological hypogonadism was associated with higher levels of self-reported benefits and diagnosis of sleep apnea during, but not after, the study as well as more frequent prescribed poststudy T treatment consistent with androgen dependence in some men receiving prolonged injectable TU.
The Place-Name Analysis of the Kwupahag and Muanbissek Terms
Authors: Yabe Mitsuyoshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article will discuss why the Kwupahag and Muanbissek were historically shown only as signatories to the 1721 letter, and why the leaders of the main groups were appointed to go to Arrowsic, Maine, from their head divisions, through the experience of an examination of the complicated political contexts of the relationships between Indigenous peoples and rival English and French colonists in New England. According to historical accounts and manuscripts, outsiders from Europe and non-Abenaki areas linguistically produced various Abenaki nomenclatures. Abenaki tribal identity can be clarified through these records by means of comparing place-names, demography, lifestyles, and the geographic areas where tribes resided and engaged in trading relations. However, the recognition of the identities and the correct names of the Abenaki groups were confounded by outsiders’ groundless observations and assumptions. The obscured names of the two groups have been uncovered by this research.
Antiperistaltic Transverse Coloplasty: A Salvage Procedure in Extensive Bowel and Colorectal Resections to Avoid Intestinal Failure
Authors: Segura-Sampedro Juan José , Morales-Soriano Rafael , Rodríguez-Pino José Carlos , Pineño Flores Cristina , Craus-Miguel Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
After extensive small and colon resections, quality of life can be affected. We propose the antiperistaltic transverse coloplasty as a solution that allows for preservation of the transverse colon after both right and left colectomies while achieving a tension-free colorectal anastomosis slowing the transit and increasing the absorption time, resulting in better stool consistency and quality of life compared with an ileorectal anastomosis.

Methods
This technique was performed in a 41-year-old woman with Goblet cell adenocarcinoma of the appendix with peritoneal metastasis. The transverse colon is rotated anticlockwise over the axis of the middle colic vessels toward the left parietocolic flank and relocated to the usual position of the descending colon.

Results
After 1 year of follow-up, the patient led a normal life without parenteral nutrition with five bowel movements per day and a weight gain of 15%.

Conclusions
The use of an antiperistaltic transverse coloplasty may be worthwhile to perform in cases of extensive bowel resections during cytoreductive surgery leading to short-bowel syndrome to avoid a permanent stoma or intestinal failure and improve patient outcomes.
Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors in Primary Care Patients with Recent Intentional Weight Loss
Authors: Barone Gibbs Bethany , Tudorascu Dana , Bryce Cindy L. , Comer Diane , Fischer Gary S. , Hess Rachel , Huber Kimberly A. , McTigue Kathleen M. , Simkin-Silverman Laurey R. , Conroy Molly B. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Lifestyle habits of primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss are unclear and need to be better understood to aid in translational health promotion efforts. We aimed to characterize diet and exercise habits in primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss, comparing those with greater (≥10%) versus lesser (5% to <10%) weight loss. This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized trial comparing weight loss maintenance interventions. The study included primary care patients, 18–75 yr old, with ≥5% intentional weight loss via lifestyle change in the past 2 yr. Participants (74% female, 87% white) were 53 ± 12 yr of age, had a body mass index of 30.4 ± 5.9 kg·m−2, and had a recent weight loss of 11% ± 8% (mean ± SD). Dietary habits were measured by the Diet Habits Survey. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured by self-report and objectively by pedometer. On average, participants reported high fruits and vegetables intake (five servings per day) and low intake of fried foods (one serving per week), desserts (one serving per week), and sugar-sweetened beverages (zero servings per week). Those with greater versus lesser weight loss had higher intake of fruits and vegetables (P = 0.037) and low-fat foods or recipes (P = 0.019). Average self-reported moderate-vigorous physical activity was 319 ± 281 min·wk−1, with significant differences between greater (374 ± 328 min·wk−1) versus lesser (276 ± 230 min·wk−1) weight loss groups (P = 0.017). By pedometer, 30% had ≥7500 steps per day; the proportion was higher in greater (43%) versus lesser (19%) weight loss groups (P = 0.005). For weight loss, clinical patients typically use simple strategies such as five or more fruits and vegetables per day, fried foods and desserts ≤1·wk−1, elimination of sugary drinks, choosing low-fat foods/recipes, and physical activity 45–60 min·d−1.
Exer-learning in a Low-Income Childcare Setting: Effects on Children’s Executive Function and Affect
Authors: Bowling April , McInnis Kyle , Dowdie Breanne , Finn Kevin 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Low-income children are at disproportionate risk of low physical activity (PA) and school achievement. Exercise positively affects executive function (EF) and affect in children, priming the brain for learning academic content. However, little research exists in real-world settings, particularly regarding the robustness of exercise-induced EF and affect improvements after even brief engagement with electronic learning technologies.

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate changes in children’s EF and affect pre-/post-PA alone, versus pre-/post-PA followed by a tablet-based science, technology, engineering, and math learning (exer-learning) platform used in a low-income childcare setting, and to examine potential effect modification of PA’s association with EF by affect improvement.

Methods
Children (n = 19, ages 7–10 yr, 48% females) participated in a control condition (40 min of quiet reading) and two 40-min PA sessions, one immediately followed by 5–10 min of a tablet-based science, technology, engineering, and math lesson (PA + tablet). EF (Stroop test) and affect (Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children) were measured before and after all conditions. Children were randomly assigned to condition order. Relationships between condition and outcomes were assessed using mixed-effects linear regression.

Results
Relative to the control condition, participation in PA-only condition was associated with a 0.73-point improvement in EF (P = 0.71). Participation in PA + tablet resulted in a 3.52-point deterioration relative to the control condition (P = 0.08). Improvements of affect acted as a significant modifier of EF outcomes.

Conclusions
In a real-world setting serving children at risk of low PA and scholastic achievement, PA may prime children for learning by improving EF, but effects were not sustained. Ensuring children enjoy the physical activities used may facilitate EF improvements.
Time to Elevate the Education of Clinical Exercise Physiologists: A Professional Doctorate Model
Authors: Ozemek Cemal , Kaminsky Leonard A. , Brubaker Peter H. , Lavie Carl J. , Arena Ross 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases and multimorbidity negatively affects an individual’s quality of life and health trajectory; this trend and resultant personal and clinical outcomes are of significant concern. Healthy living (HL) behaviors (physical activity, dietary modification, smoking cessation, and medication compliance) are known to provide substantial health benefits that slow the progression or in some cases reverse the deleterious effects associated with inactivity and consumption of a diet high in sodium, fat content, added sugars, and energy-dense foods. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that a one-size-fits-all approach to HL interventions in populations at risk for or diagnosed with noncommunicable diseases is inadequate to promote optimization of health outcomes. Practitioners implementing HL interventions, such as clinical exercise physiologists (CEP), must instead understand the complexity or multimorbidity phenotypes and be able to effectively tailor programs for each condition. Although CEP may receive master’s level training in this area, the rise in patients with complex multimorbidity warrants consideration of elevating the professional expectations to better prepare CEP in training to deliver highly effective primary and secondary prevention HL interventions. Many licensed allied health professions (i.e., physical therapy, pharmacy, occupational therapy, nursing, nutrition, etc.) have recognized the call to move toward professional doctoral degree programs to better prepare practitioners within their field. This article proposes a professional doctorate degree program aimed at enhancing the training of CEP to become highly effective practitioners.
Serviço estadual de água - Tarifas - Reajustes
Authors: Tácito Caio 
Published: August 2023

- São válidos os aumentos de tarifas de fornecimento de água em grosso, aplicados pela Sabesp a municípios paulistas, com fundamento em ato administrativo federal, decorrente de adesão do estado ao sistema do Plano Nacional de Saneamento (Planasa).
Serviço estadual água - Tarifas - Orçamento
Authors: Silva José Afonso da 
Published: August 2023

- A remuneração de serviço sob a forma de preço público (tarifas) não constitui receita pública, nem se incorpora ao orçamento do estado.- Integrado no sistema do Planasa, o fornecimento de água em grosso, pela Sabesp, obedece a sistemática tarifária sujeita a disciplina federal.
Desapropriações anômalas
Authors: Sé João Sento 
Published: August 2023

1. Considerações preliminares. 2. Formas anbmalas de desapropriação no direito comparado: Itália, Sufça, França, Colômbia, Uruguai e Argentina. 1. Formas anômalas de expropriação no direito brasileiro. "Desapropriação de fato" e "desapropriação materiaf'. 4. A "desapropriação de fato". 5. A "desapropriação material". 6 . Conclusão .
O uso do solo urbano e o seu controle (alguns aspectos do projeto de Lei Federal nº 775/83)
Authors: Lira Ricardo Pereira 
Published: August 2023

1. Considerações gerais. 2. E preciso organizar a cidade? 3. Em caso afirmativo, quem deve organizá-la? 4. Os atuais instrumentos jurídicos são suficientes para essa organização? 5. Condições de eficácia da lei proposta; providências indispensáveis a serem implantadas coetaneamente. 6. Indispensável suprimento de grave lacuna do projeto de lei.
A missão atual do Supremo Tribunal Federal e a constituinte
Authors: Corrêa Oscar Dias 
Published: August 2023

1. Evolução hist6rica do Supremo Tribunal Federal. 2. A função políticoconstitucional. 3. A função acauteladora. 4. A função uniformizadora.5. A função revisora. 6. A súmula. 7. A argüição de relevância. 8. A Constituinte.
Desapropriação - Desistência - Restitutio in integrum
Authors: Cretella Júnior José 
Published: August 2023

- Direito de propriedade. O instituto expropriatório. Em que fase da desapropriação pode ocorrer (J desistência. Conseqüênciasjurídico-econômicas da desistência. Honorários advocatícios. Juroscompensatórios devidos. A restitutio in integrum do bem expropriado.
Responsabilidade solidária da administração por danos ao meio ambiente
Authors: Mukai Toshio 
Published: August 2023

1. Introdução. 2. A responsabilidade civil do Estado por ato ouomissão da administração. 3. Responsabilidade solidária da administração por danos ao meio ambiente. 4. Excludentes da responsabilidade solidária da administração. 5. Observação final e necessária.
O desvio de poder
Authors: Mello Celso Antônio Bandeira de 
Published: August 2023

1. Introdução. 2. O desvio de poder. 3. Desvio de poder alheio aqualquer finalidade pública e sua prova. 4. Desvio de poder praticadopor agente que atua com vistas a uma finalidade legal. 5. Desvio de poder e vIcio de natureza objetiva. 6. Desvio de poder em atos legislativos e jurisdicionais. 7. Desvio de poder e "mérito" do ato.
O dia seguinte à nova Constituição
Authors: Corrêa Oscar Dias 
Published: August 2023

1. Saudação. A difieil missão prospectiva. 2. A convocação da Assembléia Nacional Constituinte. 3. O mito da Constituinte e o processo de elaboração. 4. O projeto e sua amplitude. 5. O novo quadro: o agravamento da tensão sociall. 6. A inflação. 7. As perspectivas atuais. 8. Problemas a solucionar. 9. Problemas en tre Poderes - os partidos. 10. A reestru turação do Judiciário: 11. A complementação do texto. 12. A instabilidade da hora presente. 13. Conclusão.
Constituição de 1988 - Disponibilidade - Proventos proporcionais
Authors: Tácito Caio 
Published: August 2023

- A lei ordinária, que estabelece a forma de cálculo, em caso de disponibilidade, na proporção do tempo de serviço, é compatível com a Constituição de 1988, que apenas determina o caráter remuneradonessa espécie de inatividade, sem especificar o critério de fixação dos proventos.- Constitucionalidade do Decreto nº 99.300, de 15 de junho de 1990.
Sociedade de economia mista - Joint Venture - Controle
Authors: Lamy Filho Alfredo 
Published: August 2023

- No empreendimento comum (joint venture) não há controle de qualquer dos sócios que exercem gestão em comum de sociedade por eles criada.- Inexiste controle direto ou indireto da União sobre sociedade da qual participa sociedade subsidiária de sociedade de economia mista.
O Estado e o Sindicato : Relação de poder
Authors: Prado Roberto Barreto 
Published: August 2023

1. Conceito de Estado. 2. Natureza do corporativismo. 3. Evolução do direito sindical. 4. Sindicalização a partir de 1930. 5. Pluralismo e unidade sindical. 6. Organização sindical na Constituição de 1988.
Garantias fundamentais na nova Constituição
Authors: Aragão Egas Dirceu Moniz de 
Published: August 2023

1. Garantias fundamentais do Poder Judiciário e na administração da justiça. 2. O direito comunitário. 3. O tríplice aspecto das garantias do Poder Judiciário. 4. Garantias dos jurisdicionados: garantia do recurso efetivo e do prazo razoável. 5. Sugestões.
O código de processo civil e a crise processual
Authors: Aragão Egas Dirceu Moniz de 
Published: August 2023

1. O Código de Processo Civil de 1973 e a economia nacional. 2. A demanda de serviços do Poder Judiciário e o Ministério Público. 3. O excesso de procedimentos especiais. 4. As inovações do Código de 1973. 5. Causas e remédios da crise processual.