bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and reliability of comprehensive three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography screening process for transcatheter mitral valve replacement
Authors: Piroli Francesco , Boccellino Antonio , Ingallina Giacomo , Rolando Marco , Melillo Francesco , Ancona Francesco , Stella Stefano , Biondi Federico , Palmisano Anna , Esposito Antonio , Denti Paolo , Montorfano Matteo , Maisano Francesco , Castiglioni Alessandro , Agricola Eustachio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
The procedural planning of transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) requires a specific imaging assessment to establish patient eligibility. Computed tomography (CT) is considered the reference method. In this setting, data regarding the role of transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) are lacking. We evaluated the feasibility and reliability of a comprehensive 3D-TOE screening in TMVR candidates.

Methods and results
We performed a retrospective observational study including 72 consecutive patients who underwent a pre-procedural CT and 3D-TOE for TMVR evaluation. The measurements of mitral annulus (MA), length of anterior mitral leaflet (AML), native left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), and predicted neo-LVOT acquired with CT and 3D-TOE were compared using a novel semi-automated software for post processing analysis (3 mensio Structural Heart 10.1—3mSH, Pie Medical Imaging, Bilthoven, Netherlands). The final suitability decision was given by the valve manufacturer based on CT measurements and clinical conditions. Among 72 patients screened, all patients had adequate image quality for 3D-TOE analysis. 3D-TOE and CT measurements for AML length (r = 0.97), MA area (r = 0.90), perimeter (r = 0.68), anteroposterior (r = 0.88), and posteromedial-anterolateral (r = 0.74) diameters were found highly correlated, as well as for native LVOT (r = 0.86) and predicted neo-LVOT areas (r = 0.96) (all P-values &lt;0.0001). An almost perfect agreement between CT and 3DTOE was found in assessing the eligibility for TMVR implantation (Cohen kappa 0.83, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
3D-TOE appraisements showed good correlations with CT measurements and high accuracy to predict TMVR screening success.
Development and evaluation of a co-designed website for delivering interactive self-directed cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Nesbitt Katie , Beleigoli Alline , Champion Stephanie , Gebremichael Lemlem G , Bulamu Norma , Tirimacco Rosy , Clark Robyn A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study is to report on the development and evaluation of the co-designed website for delivering interactive self-directed cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

Methods and results
Multi-method user experience design framework was used to co-design the web application and complete usability testing. Participants were recruited based on their eligibility for CR. Thematic analysis collected the participants’ design specifications and lived experiences. The System Usability Scale (SUS) was administered at the completion of the website development and the usability testing workshops. This collected the participants’ perceptions of the website’s effectiveness, efficiency, and their satisfaction. Website development and usability testing workshops included 39 and 35 participants with a mean age of 66.5 (SD 11.7) and 68.6 (SD 11.2), respectively. Both genders were equally represented across both workshops with 19 (48.7%) and 16 (45.7%) women. Workshop themes guided the design process. The mean SUS scores increased from 66.7 (SD 16.8) to 73.6 (21), P = 0.26. Easiness of use (P = 0.03), integration of the website functions (P ≤ 0.001), and consistency (P = 0.038) significantly improved from website development to usability testing. The proportion of participants rating it as excellent increased from 20.5% to 42.9%, P = 0.11.

Conclusion
The evolution of our CR website development was completed with an improvement in usability. Upcoming evaluation of this intervention will report on its effectiveness.
OrthoPhy: A Program to Construct Ortholog Data Sets Using Taxonomic Information
Authors: Watanabe Tomoaki , Kure Akinori , Horiike Tokumasa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpecies phylogenetic trees represent the evolutionary processes of organisms, and they are fundamental in evolutionary research. Therefore, new methods have been developed to obtain more reliable species phylogenetic trees. A highly reliable method is the construction of an ortholog data set based on sequence information of genes, which is then used to infer the species phylogenetic tree. However, although methods for constructing an ortholog data set for species phylogenetic analysis have been developed, they cannot remove some paralogs, which is necessary for reliable species phylogenetic inference. To address the limitations of current methods, we developed OrthoPhy, a program that excludes paralogs and constructs highly accurate ortholog data sets using taxonomic information dividing analyzed species into monophyletic groups. OrthoPhy can remove paralogs, detecting inconsistencies between taxonomic information and phylogenetic trees of candidate ortholog groups clustered by sequence similarity. Performance tests using evolutionary simulated sequences and real sequences of 40 bacteria revealed that the precision of ortholog inference by OrthoPhy is higher than that of existing programs. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis of species was more accurate when performed using ortholog data sets constructed by OrthoPhy than that performed using data sets constructed by existing programs. Furthermore, we performed a benchmark test of the Quest for Orthologs using real sequence data and found that the concordance rate between the phylogenetic trees of orthologs inferred by OrthoPhy and those of species was higher than the rates obtained by other ortholog inference programs. Therefore, ortholog data sets constructed using OrthoPhy enabled a more accurate phylogenetic analysis of species than those constructed using the existing programs, and OrthoPhy can be used for the phylogenetic analysis of species even for distantly related species that have experienced many evolutionary events.
Association Between Contrast Sensitivity and Physical Function in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults: The Brain Networks and Mobility Function Study
Authors: Thompson Atalie C , Chen Haiying , Miller Michael E , Webb Christopher C , Williamson Jeff D , Marsh Anthony P , Hugenschmidt Christina E , Baker Laura D , Laurienti Paul J , Kritchevsky Stephen B 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
To evaluate whether contrast sensitivity is associated with lower extremity physical function in cognitively intact older adults.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of the relationship of binocular and worse eye log contrast sensitivity (LCS) to expanded Short Physical Performance Battery (eSPPB) and its components (gait speed, narrow walking speed, chair stand pace, and balance) in 192 cognitively healthy older adults. The association of LCS with postural sway and gait was also tested with tasks that further challenged functional reserve.

Results
Mean age was 76.4 years with 56% identifying as female and over 98.5% having good corrected visual acuity. Lower LCS was significantly associated with worse performance on the eSPPB, 4-M gait speed, narrow walking speed, and balance time in unadjusted and adjusted models. The relationship between worse eye LCS and larger postural sway was 3 times greater on a foam surface (beta 1.07, 95% CI [0.35, 1.80]) than a firm surface (beta 0.35, 95% CI [0.05, 0.65]), and both were robust to adjustment for confounders; similar findings were observed with binocular LCS. Lower binocular LCS had a greater decremental effect on gait velocity during the fast pace (beta −0.58, 95% CI [−0.90, −0.27]) than the usual pace (Beta −0.39 [−0.63, −0.15]) gait task.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that cognitively unimpaired older adults without significant visual acuity impairment can have subtle preclinical deficits in contrast sensitivity and physical function that could place them at risk of mobility and balance issues. Future studies should determine whether this subset of older adults may benefit from targeted intervention to prevent disability.
Extending the Cognitive Mediation Model to Examine Public Support for Funding Science and Technology Development in China: Media Attention, Information Processing, Scientific literacy, and Nationalism
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Chen Liang , Wei Ran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite the rapid development of science and technology (S&T) in China, few studies have examined the factors related to public opinions toward funding S&T development. Using a nationwide sample from an online survey in China (N = 702), this study examined how Chinese attention to S&T information on digital media was associated with public support for funding, based on an extended cognitive mediation model, in which their scientific literacy and nationalism toward scientific and technological development in China were examined as the outcomes of information consumption and as predictors of support for funding S&T development. The results indicated that attention to S&T information on digital media was positively associated with two information processing strategies—elaboration of S&T information and digital media engagement with S&T topics. Moreover, elaboration was positively related to scientific literacy and nationalism, whereas digital media engagement was positively associated with the nationalism but not with the literacy. Next, individuals’ scientific literacy and nationalism were positively associated with their support for funding S&T development. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.
A comparison of post-ruminal provision of Ca-gluconate and Ca-butyrate on growth performance, gastrointestinal barrier function, short-chain fatty acid absorption, intestinal histology, and brush-border enzyme activity in beef heifers
Authors: Watanabe Daniel H M , Doelman John , Steele Michael A , Guan Le L , Seymour Dave J , Penner Gregory B 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of post-ruminal provision of Ca-butyrate (CaB) when delivered via abomasal dosing, and Ca-gluconate (CaG) when provided ruminally using a rumen protected form or using an unprotected form via abomasal dosing on short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration throughout the GIT, nutrient digestibility, GIT barrier function, ruminal SCFA absorption, ruminal morphometrics, intestinal brush border enzyme activity, and blood parameters for beef heifers. Thirty-two beef heifers fitted with ruminal cannulas were used in a randomized complete block design and assigned to one of four treatments: 1) negative control (ruminal infusion of double-distilled water; CON); 2) abomasal infusion of CaB (AB; 0.0029% of BW); 3) abomasal infusion of CaG (AG; 0.0077% of BW); and 4) ruminal infusion of a hydrogenated fat-embedded CaG (RG; 0.0192% of BW) to provide ruminal protection. Excluding CON, treatments were designed to deliver the same amount of butyrate in the small intestine. Heifers were housed in individual pens and DMI was limited to 95% of voluntary intake to minimize a potential confounding effect of DMI on treatment responses. Total GIT barrier function was assessed on day 17 and SCFA disappearance was evaluated on day 21 using the temporarily isolated and washed reticulo-rumen technique. On day 28, heifers were slaughtered, and ruminal and colonic digesta were collected to assess SCFA concentration. Additionally, ruminal, jejunal, and colonic tissues were collected to assess SCFA fluxes and regional barrier function ex vivo using the Ussing chamber technique. For colonic digesta, both AB and CaG treatments reduced the proportion of acetate (P &lt; 0.05) and increased the proportion on propionate (P &lt; 0.05) compared to CON. Relative to CON, AB but not CaG treatments increased in vivo ruminal disappearance of total SCFA (P = 0.01), acetate (P = 0.03), propionate (P = 0.01), and butyrate (P &gt; 0.01). Treatments did not affect (P ≥ 0.10) acetate and butyrate fluxes in the ruminal and colonic tissues when measured ex vivo; however, when compared with CON, AB tended to decrease (P = 0.09) mannitol flux across ruminal tissue. In addition, mannitol flux was affected (P &lt; 0.01) by region, with greater mannitol flux across the jejunum than rumen and colon. We conclude that while both abomasal infusion of CaB and CaG affect the molar proportion of acetate and propionate in the colon, only abomasal CaB stimulated ruminal SCFA absorption for growing beef heifers.
Inheritance and Fitness Costs of Laboratory-Selected Resistance to Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1 Corn in Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Smith Eliott M , Shrestha Ram B , Gassmann Aaron J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a serious pest of corn and is currently managed with corn hybrids that produce insecticidal proteins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Bt corn kills rootworm larvae and reduces larval feeding injury to corn roots. The Bt protein Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1, previously named Cry34/35Ab1, has been widely used in transgenic Bt corn for management of western corn rootworm, and field-evolved resistance has been found in some populations. In the United States, the refuge strategy is used to manage Bt resistance, with refuges of non-Bt host plants serving as a source of Bt-susceptible individuals, which in turn reduce the frequency of homozygous resistant individuals within a population. As such, the dominance of resistance strongly influences resistance evolution, with faster evolution of resistance when resistance is not recessive. Additionally, selection for resistance by a Bt crop leads to the accumulation of resistance alleles within refuge populations, thereby reducing the capacity of refuges to delay resistance. However, fitness costs can remove resistance alleles from refuge populations and preserve the dynamic of refuges producing Bt-susceptible genotypes. Bt-susceptible and Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1-resistant western corn rootworm were used to quantify the inheritance and fitness costs of resistance. We found that Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1 resistance was not recessive and had the accompanying fitness costs of slower developmental rate to adulthood and lower egg viability. This research will help improve insect resistance management by providing a better understanding of the risk of western corn rootworm evolving resistance to transgenic corn that produces Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1.
Physical modelling of dust polarization from magnetically enhanced radiative torque alignment in protostellar cores withpolaris
Authors: Giang Nguyen Chau , Hoang Thiem , Kim Jeong-Gyu , Tram Le Ngoc 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTMagnetic fields (B) are an important factor controlling the star-formation process. The leading method to observe B orientation is to use polarized thermal emission from aligned dust grains. In dense environments such as protostellar cores, however, dust grains may be inefficiently aligned owing to strong gas randomizations, making the use of dust polarization to trace Buncertain. The study of Hoang and Lazarian in 2016 demonstrated that grain alignment by radiative torques is enhanced if dust grains contain embedded iron inclusions. Here we extend the polaris code to study the effect of iron inclusions on grain alignment and thermal dust polarization towards a protostellar core, assuming uniform B. We found that paramagnetic grains produce a low polarization degree of $p \sim 1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ in the envelope and a negligible $p \ll 1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ in the central region owing to the loss of grain alignment. In contrast, grains with a high level of iron inclusions have perfect alignment and produce a high $p \sim 40{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ in the envelope and a low $p \le 10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ in the central region. Grains with a moderate level of iron inclusions induce the polarization flipping from P ‖ B at millimetre to P ⊥ B at submillimetre wavelengths owing to the change in the internal alignment caused by slow internal relaxation. The weak alignment of very large grains with $a \ge 10\, {\mu \rm {m}}$ reduces dichroic extinction efficiency at submillimetre wavelengths. We found a positive correlation between p and the level of iron inclusions, which introduces a new option to constrain the abundance of solid iron locked in dust through dust polarimetry.
Scaling relations of X-ray luminous clusters in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program field
Authors: Poon Helen , Okabe Nobuhiro , Fukazawa Yasushi , Akino Daiichi , Yang Chong 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the XMM–Newton X-ray analysis of 19 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters of low- to mid-redshift (&lt;0.4) selected from the MCXC (Meta-Catalog of X-Ray Detected Clusters of Galaxies) cluster catalogue in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Programme field. We derive the hydrostatic equilibrium mass and study scaling relations using (i) the whole sample, (ii) only relaxed clusters, and (iii) only disturbed clusters. When considering the whole sample, the YX–Mtot and Mgas–Mtot relations agree with self-similarity. In terms of morphology, relaxed clusters show a flatter relation in LX,ce–Mtot, LX,bol–Mtot, LX,ce–T, Lbol,ce–T, Mgas–Mtot, and YX–Mtot. The Lbol,ce–Mtot, LX,ce–Mtot Lbol,ce–T, and LX,ce–T relations show a slope ∼3σ steeper. The residuals in the Mgas–Mtot and T–Mtot relations and the intrinsic covariance between Mgas and T show hints of positive correlation, casting doubt on whether the YX parameter is a truly low-scatter mass proxy. The Mgas–Mtot and T–Mtot plots colour coded with the offset of the LX,ce–Mtot relation show these two relations to be brightness dependent but not the LX,ce–T relation, suggesting that relations involving Mtot are biased due to sample selection based on luminosity. Following the work that studied an optical sample and combining our result with literature studies, we find that Mtot derived not using mass proxies deviates from LX ∝ $M_{\rm gas}^{2}M_{\rm tot}^{-1}$ and Mtot based on hydrostatic equilibrium is more massive than what is expected by their relation using caustic masses. This indicates that mass bias plays an important role in scaling relations.
Spectroscopic survey of faint planetary-nebula nuclei – I. Six new ‘O vi’ central stars
Authors: Bond Howard E , Werner Klaus , Jacoby George H , Zeimann Gregory R 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWe report initial results from an ongoing spectroscopic survey of central stars of faint planetary nebulae (PNe), obtained with the Low-Resolution Spectrograph on the Hobby–Eberly Telescope. The six PN nuclei (PNNi) discussed here all have strong emission at the O vi 3811–3834 Å doublet, indicative of very high temperatures. Five of them – the nuclei of Ou 2, Kn 61, Kn 15, Abell 72, and Kn 130 – belong to the hydrogen-deficient PG 1159 class, showing a strong absorption feature of He ii and C iv at 4650–4690 Å. Based on exploratory comparisons with synthetic model-atmosphere spectra, and the presence of Ne viii emission lines, we estimate them to have effective temperatures of order 170 000 K. The central star of Kn 15 has a Wolf–Rayet-like spectrum, with strong and broad emission lines of He ii, C iv, N v, and O v–vi. We classify it [WO2], but we note that the N v 4604–4620 Å emission doublet is extremely strong, indicating a relatively high nitrogen abundance. Several of the emission lines in Kn 15 vary in equivalent width by factors as large as 1.5 among our four observations from 2019 to 2022, implying significant variations in the stellar mass-loss rate. We encourage spectroscopic monitoring. Follow-up high-time-resolution photometry of these stars would be of interest, given the large fraction of pulsating variables seen among PG 1159 and [WO] PNNi.
MOJAVE – XX. Persistent linear polarization structure in parsec-scale AGN jets
Authors: Pushkarev A B , Aller H D , Aller M F , Homan D C , Kovalev Y Y , Lister M L , Pashchenko I N , Savolainen T , Zobnina D I 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We analysed the parsec-scale linear polarization properties of 436 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) based on 15 GHz polarimetric Very Long Baseline Array observations. We present polarization and total intensity images averaged over at least five epochs since 1996 January 19 through 2019 August 4. Stacking improves the image sensitivity down to ∼30 μJy beam−1 and effectively fills out the jet cross-section both in total intensity and linear polarization. It delineates the long-term persistent magnetic field configuration and its regularity by restoring spatial distributions of the electric vector position angle (EVPA) and fractional polarization, respectively. On average, about 10 yr of stacking period is needed to reveal the stable and most-complete polarization distribution of a source. We find that the degree of polarization significantly increases down and across the jet towards its edges, typically manifesting U or W-shaped transverse profiles, suggesting a presence of a large-scale helical magnetic field associated with the outflow. In some AGN jets, mainly BL Lacs, we detect quasi-constant fractional polarization profiles across the jet, accompanied by EVPAs that closely follow the outflow. BL Lacs show higher fractional polarization values in their cores and jets than those in quasars up to hectoparsec de-projected scales, while on larger scales, they become comparable. High-synchrotron-peaked BL Lac jets are found to be less polarized than intermediate and low-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs. The spatial distribution of the EVPAs in BL Lacs tend to align with the local jet direction, while quasars show an excess of orthogonal polarization orientation.
Distinct functions of FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS relate to domain structure
Authors: Ma Yingxuan , Shafee Thomas , Mudiyanselage Asha M , Ratcliffe Julian , MacMillan Colleen P , Mansfield Shawn D , Bacic Antony , Johnson Kim L 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The role of glycoproteins as key cell surface molecules during development and stress is well established; yet, the relationship between their structural features and functional mechanisms is poorly defined. FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINs (FLAs), which impact plant growth and development, are an excellent example of a glycoprotein family with a complex multidomain structure. FLAs combine globular fasciclin-like (FAS1) domains with regions that are intrinsically disordered and contain glycomotifs for directing the addition of O-linked arabinogalactan (AG) glycans. Additional posttranslational modifications on FLAs include N-linked glycans in the FAS1 domains, a cleaved signal peptide at the N terminus, and often a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor signal sequence at the C terminus. The roles of glycosylation, the GPI anchor, and FAS1 domain functions in the polysaccharide-rich extracellular matrix of plants remain unclear, as do the relationships between them. In this study, we examined sequence–structure–function relationships of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) FLA11, demonstrated to have roles in secondary cell wall (SCW) development, by introducing domain mutations and functional specialization through domain swaps with FLA3 and FLA12. We identified FAS1 domains as essential for FLA function, differentiating FLA11/FLA12, with roles in SCW development, from FLA3, specific to flowers and involved in pollen development. The GPI anchor and AG glycosylation co-regulate the cell surface location and release of FLAs into cell walls. The AG glycomotif sequence closest to the GPI anchor (AG2) is a major feature differentiating FLA11 from FLA12. The results of our study show that the multidomain structure of different FLAs influences their subcellular location and biological functions during plant development.