bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of iPad Pro LiDAR and Low-Cost GNSS Ublox F9R for Data Collection of Road Assets in the Form of 3D Models
Authors: Ubaidillah M R , Cahyadi M N , Suhandri H F 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of mapping survey equipment technology products is growing very rapidly. These products include Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology. The current development of GNSS receivers can be seen in terms of accuracy and price. The GNSS receiver has very high accuracy, especially with the integration with the inertial measurement unit (IMU). This integration system can provide benefits such as estimation of GNSS position data and GNSS data stability. One of the GNSS receiver products that has been integrated with IMU, has an accuracy below 1 meter, and at an economical price is the low-cost GNSS receiver U-blox F9R series. This receiver has a positional accuracy of 0.01 + 1 ppm. LiDAR products are commonly used for the manufacture of 3D objects and distance determination on Autonomous Vehicles, however, in 2020 the company Apple inc. has made a smartphone device that is integrated with LiDAR technology. One of the goals of using this integration system is to visualize 2D objects into 3D Augmented Reality (AR). In this study, iPad Pro LiDAR technology was used to create a 3D road model. This activity continues from previous studies that have used the iPad Pro LiDAR for making 3D buildings and measuring tree diameters. In research related to the manufacture of 3D buildings, the iPad Pro LiDAR has been analyzed and it is stated that it has an accuracy of 2 cm. However, this observation using the iPad Pro LiDAR still does not provide actual position information. One way to get the true position value is to use position data from the GNSS receiver. In this study, the GNSS observation method receiver used is Real Time Kinematic Networked Transported of RTCM via Internet Protocol (RTK-NTRIP). This method utilizes the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network to transmit corrections from several nearby Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) in Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) format to the user’s receiver. This activity aims to create a database of road assets in 3D with real positions by utilizing the integration between GNSS, IMU, and iPad Pro LiDAR. From this study, it was found that the volume measurement data using GNSS data has a value of 4,930 m3. Meanwhile, processing using 3D model data from the iPad Pro 2020 resulted in 4,422 m3. The results of the two data have a volume difference of 0.5 m3 or 10% of the validation data.
Flood Vulnerability Analysis using Random Forest Method in Gresik Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Arlisa Sintya Dwi , Handayani Hepi Hapsari 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recently, machine learning models have been used for flood vulnerability mapping. The purpose of this study is analyze the level of flood vulnerability in Gresik Regency using machine learning Random Forest. Data processing is done by dividing the flood occurrence dataset that contains parameter values into two datasets, training data as input data for random forest and testing data to evaluate the output model. The results of the flood vulnerability level are divided into 3 classes of flood vulnerability, which are low, medium and high levels vulnerability. The results of the importance degree index show that the most influential parameter of flood vulnerability is the river with a value of 41.025%. Furthermore, The performance of the random forest model shows an overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of 0.859 and 0.718, respectively while the evaluation using the ROC curve shows an AUC value of 0.97 which indicates the classification results are included in the very good category.
Landslide Susceptibility Spatial Modelling Using Random Forest Algorithm: A Case Study of Malang Regency
Authors: Ummah Muhammad Hidayatul , Darminto Mohammad Rohmaneo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Landslides are disasters that cause huge losses to both human life and infrastructure. Therefore, this research purpose of carrying out landslide susceptibility spatial modelling using a random forest (RF) algorithm. This research uses 12 landslide conditioning factors to generate a landslide susceptibility map, which comprises elevation, slope, aspect, soil type, geological type, distance to river, NDVI (Normalized Different Index), river density, TWI (Topographic Wetness Index), annual rainfall, and land use. Each model was evaluated by 9 parameters including ROC (Receiver Operator Characteristic)-AUC (Area Under Curve), accuracy (acc), sensitivity (sn), specificity (sp), balanced accuracy (ba), g-mean (gm), cohen’s kappa (CK), and Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC). A total of 88 landslide locations were identified in Malang District using the regional disaster management authority of Malang District data. Of the 88 landslide inventories, 30% of the data were used for validation, and the remaining 70% were used for training purposes. The results show the ACC value of 0.884, 0.765 for SN, 0.962 for SP, 0.863 for GM, 0.857 for BA, 0.749 for CK, 0.876 for MCC, and 0.943 for AUC. From the entire landslide conditioning factors, the elevation parameter has the highest relative contribution level value, which is 100%. Moreover, the susceptibility map indicates that Malang District is dominated by a high susceptibility with an area of 177,208.83 ha (51% of the coverage area). 13 sub-districts that are dominated by high susceptibility levels area, including Ngantang, Kasembon, Apelgading, Pujon, Tirtoyudo, Poncokusumo, Sumbermanjing, Jabung, Dampit, Wonosari, Wagir, Dau and Gedangan sub-districts.
Analysis Of Vegetation Index For Ndvi, Evi-2, And Savi For Mangrove Forest Density Using Google Earth Engine In Lembar Bay, Lombok Island
Authors: Pamungkas Srirahadita 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The mangrove forest is one of the most productive ecosystems in the world. Mangrove forests have benefits such as flood control, groundwater conservancy, shoreline and storm protection, biodiversity conservation, mitigation, and adaptation to climate change. Remote sensing for monitoring and mapping natural ecosystems such as mangrove forests has increased recently. The advantage of using remote sensing data for mapping mangrove forests lies in the remote sensing imagery that provides a comprehensive view compared to land-based measurements. The easily-recognizable appearance of mangrove vegetation in the image is because mangrove vegetation lives between land and sea transitions; thus, the mangrove vegetation has a darker color appearance. The vegetation index algorithm is an algorithm that can see the condition and density of mangrove forests. Therefore, the Google Earth Engine platform can be utilized. It has a very large remote sensing data set; thus, it can process and discover the density value of mangrove forests the results of the vegetation index values with the NDVI, EVI-2, and SAVI methods. The location of this research is in Lembar Bay. The results of this study indicate that sentinel imagery 2A level 2A can be used to generate vegetation index data using the NDVI, EVI-2, and SAVI algorithms. Based on the vegetation index classification with NDVI, EVI-2, and SAVI, it is known that the dominant density level is a very high density, with an area of 56,66 ha for NDVI, 50,24 ha for EVI-2, and 56,65 ha for SAVI. Then the correlation between NDVI, EVI-2, and SAVI with water and soil parameters that have the most influence on mangrove vegetation density is water pH with a correlation coefficient value of NDVI 0,464, EVI-2 0,469, and SAVI 0,464, showing that water pH and vegetation index have a strong enough correlation.
Licensed Surveyor Role Analysis for Achieving Indonesia Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) in 2024
Authors: Suranto  , Djojomartono Prijono Nugroho 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In 2020 Directorate General of Land and Spatial Survey and Mapping composed a 2020 until 2024 national priority roadmap for the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) priority program towards a positive publication system that will be implemented in Indonesia in 2023. The estimated number of land parcels in Indonesia are 126.000.034, while until January 2022 the number of certified land parcels are 79.260.203. Therefore, the licensed surveyor role is massively needed to support the completion of PTSL. Licensed surveyors consist of Cadastral Surveyor (SK) and Assistant Cadastral Surveyor (ASK). According to Ministry of Agrarian Affairs (ATR/BPN) data until December 2021, there are 1,432 SKs and 6,947 ASKs throughout Indonesia. However, they are unevenly distributed all over Indonesian provinces. This research uses quantitative data analysis that analyses 126 million land parcels roadmap analysis data, registered land parcels until January 2022, and licensed surveyor data until December 2021. The proportional workload analysis approach of licensed surveyors is used for analyzing the participation of licensed surveyors, in order to realize PTSL in 2024 in Indonesia. The workload analysis is a modification of the State Apparatus Minister Decree (SK MenPAN) No. KEP/75/M.PAN/7/2004 concerning Employee Necessity Calculation Guidelines Based on Workload. Workload and its volume calculation is modified adjusting licensed surveyor workload proportionally. Licensed surveyors’ workload is gained from Directorate General of Surveys and Mapping national priority roadmap data of PTSL program until 2024, with total 126 million land parcels. The results show that the composition and the number of SKs and ASKs in Indonesia are uneven and not ideal. The highest number of SKs and ASKs are in Java Island and while the smallest number of them are in Papua Island. Based on the results of the proportional workload analysis of licensed surveyors in Indonesia, under the supervision of the SK, an ASK proportional workload is 13 fields/day. Therefore, achieving complete systematic land registration in Indonesia needs strategy for equalizing ASK distribution from Java to the six provinces ASK lacking, namely: Papua (+160 people), West Papua (+101 people), Maluku (+102 people), North Sulawesi (+57 people), Aceh (+38 people), and Riau Islands (+13 people).
Study of Deformation Effect on Land Administration Data in Bali Province
Authors: Hapsoro Rudi H , Maulida Putra , Budisusanto Yanto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOver time, the earth’s plate moves actively and dynamically, causing crustal deformation. Deformation can occur linearly with a constant movement value every year and also nonlinear due to sudden plate movements that cause tectonic activity. In the land administration scope, the deformation can cause changes in the shape, position, and dimensions of measurement and mapping objects. Currently, there are several potential earthquakes near Bali Island. This research was conducted to investigate the changes that occur in measuring and mapping objects (land administration) in Bali Province. The land administration data employed in this study is the simulated gridding data and the real field measurement data. The deformation data used is based on the deformation model data created by the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG), which accommodates the linear movement model-based block motion model. Based on the simulated velocity, the deformation over 14 years caused horizontal displacement up to 86.2 cm. In addition, sudden movements due to an earthquake and its following postseismic deformation also can affect the changes in the position of land administration data. This change in position has potential problems in mapping, such as gaps and overlaps, without including a proper time-dependent coordinate reference system that accommodates the deformation model.
Dredging Volume Analysis Using Different Software
Authors: Abidah Malai Saidatul , Pratomo Danar Guruh , Khomsin  
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Dredging is one of the seaport’s regular and necessary maintenance activities to keep the sea depth under control. The purpose of dredging is to provide safe navigation where the depth of the water column must be more profound than the ship’s draft. Periodic bathymetric surveys using an echosounder can observe changes in the topography of the seabed. Topographic changes over time can be used to calculate the volume of sedimentation. Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) is one of the methods to calculate cut and fill volume in some software. This study aims to compare the difference in the sediment volume calculation results from interpolation data with EIVA and CAD. This study uses data from Multibeam Echosounder, carried out before dredging (mc0) and after dredging (mc100). This study shows the difference in volume calculation because of dredging is 693,228.00 m3 using CAD and 701,700.633 m3 using EIVA. Statistic test for volume calculation from this software using a p-value of Friedman test shows no significant difference between these two software calculations.
Using GIS to Determine Tsunami Shelter Location in South Coast Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Nurwatik N , Setiawan D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The geographical condition of the Pangandaran Regency affects the coastal area, periodically suffering hydrological hazards. Based on the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Pangandaran, Pangandaran Regency experienced Tsunami with a run-up height of 8 to 15.7 meters in 2006. The Tsunami caused 664 people to die, many to be injured, and caused social environment disruption. Therefore, this research aims to support disaster mitigation by identifying additional shelter locations and generating evacuation routes sequentially. This research uses the network analyst method of Geographic Information System (GIS). The identification of evacuation shelters utilizes several parameters, e.g., tsunami hazard catchment area, land slope levels, land cover, and street network. In addition, the spatial analysis considers average travel time as the impedance to resemble the actual evacuation process. The result indicates that 11 evacuation shelters scattered over the study area were dominantly located in Pangandaran Village. Moreover, this research generates 24 evacuation routes from the incident location to each shelter. The closest shelters accessed 8 minutes from incidents 4 and 18 are shelters 3 and 9, respectively. On the contrary, the farthest shelter is shelter 9, with a maximum impedance of 22 minutes from incidents 14 and 15. Furthermore, the most appropriate shelters are shelters 2 and 8, considering the elevation height of 10 and 7 in the open space.
Determination of physiological maturity and methods for breaking dormancy of rice seeds of IPB 3S variety
Authors: Putri A A , Widajati E , Ilyas S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Seeds reach maximum quality at physiological maturity, but rice seeds do not germinate readily after harvest because of the after-ripening phenomenon. This study aimed to determine the physiological maturity of rice cv. IPB 3S, and to obtain the method for breaking seed dormancy. An experiment to determine the physiological maturity was conducted in a one-factor complete randomized design with five levels of maturity (½ yellow panicles, ¾ yellow panicles, full yellow panicles, dry yellow panicles, and beyond the harvest time). Heat units were measured from planting to harvesting. An experiment to break seed dormancy was arranged in a two-factor nested complete randomized design, breaking dormancy method (0.2% KNO3 and control) was nested in the after-ripening period (0, 1, and 2 weeks). Seed physiological maturity was reached at the dry yellow panicle stage 34 days after anthesis, and the heat unit needed was 2204.4 °Cd. The harvested seeds were dried to 8-10% moisture content. The seeds had not broken dormancy even after 2-week storage periods at 18-20 °C. Soaking the seeds in 0.2% KNO3 for 36 hours at 28-30 °C broke dormancy before storage with 94.3% germination, and the after-ripening period (1-2 weeks) increased seed viability and vigor.
The effect of 2,4-D, thidiazuron and BAP on calli induction of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Arimarsetiowati R , Putra A C D S , Suwastono M R , Umami L A , Daryono B S , Astuti Y T M , Semiarti E 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Four continents and numerous developing contries benefit economically from the annual income and jobs that coffee provides. The only polyploid species found in the genus Coffea is called Coffea arabica, and it belongs to the Rubiaceae family. In order to commercially propagate plants or to learn more about key concepts in somatic embryo induction and development, somatic embryogenesis is used. The purpose of this experiment was to compare how calli induction was impacted by several plant growth regulators in the Arabica coffee. Leaf tissues were cultivated on ½ MS medium with varying concentrations of 2,4-D and thidiazuron (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg/L) together with 1.0 mg/L BAP. Each experiment used a minimum of seven replicated abd was repeated three times using a completely random design. The varied grades of calli’s morphological examination was identified. Up to eight weeks, the proportion of calli development was measured every two weeks. Nearly sixty percent of calli formed in the medium of 1 mg/L 2,4D and 1 mg/L BAP, which had the greatest calli formation percentage. The maximum calli weight (2.086 grams) is achieved in medium of 1 mg/L 2,4-D + 1 mg/L BAP.
The effects of teak shades at different ages on early growth of 3 tuber species in Semin Village, Gunung Kidul
Authors: Swestiani D , Maharani D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The government’s efforts in maintaining the food security includes developing alternative food sources, developing local food crops and improving the use of dry land for food crops cultivation. Planting tubers are common in private forest lands, such as in Semin Village, where arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) can live under teak (Tectona grandis L.) stands. Based on this, a trial was conducted on planting three species of tubers, namely arrowroot/garut, canna/ganyong (Canna discolor Lindl.), and yam/gembili (Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burk.) under teak stands. In mixed cropping patterns, there are limitations in obtaining light and nutrient sources for the plants underneath. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the morphological adaptation of three species of tubers, especially under the shade of teak, at different ages. The research design was completely randomized (CRD), while data analysis used two-way Anova. The results showed that the difference in relative light intensity (RLI) at eight weeks after planting had a significant effect on the height, the number of shoots or stems, and the number of leaves of the tested tubers. The size of the plant and the diameter of the stem showed the highest average under the shade of seven years teak stand, the contrary, the highest number of shoots or stems found in the open areas.
Soil properties and phosphorus sorption characteristics due to land use change from pepper-based agroforestry to cassava in North Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Hartono Arief , Barus Baba , Anwar Syaiful , Arasyati Kanzila , Ghosh Joy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Changing pepper-based agroforestry land to cassava is massively conducted by farmers in North Lampung, Indonesia because the pepper price is low. This research was aimed to reveal the changes in the chemical properties and the characteristics of P sorption in the North Lampung regency because of the change in land use from pepper-based agroforestry to cassava. Soil pH, exchangeable aluminum (Al), organic carbon (C), basic cations, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and P sorption-desorption were analyzed in collected soil samples. The results showed that soil properties and P sorption-desorption characteristics changed. The land cultivated with cassava for fifteen years had lower pH, organic C, basic cations, CEC, and higher exchangeable Al than land cultivated with pepper-based agroforestry. In topsoil, the P sorption maximum, P binding energy, and standard P requirement of fifteen years old cassava land were higher than those of pepper-based agroforestry. Organic C negatively correlated with the P binding energies. The results revealed that land use change from pepper-based agroforestry to cassava had an adverse effect, on soil organic C and tended to increase P sorption maximum, P binding energy, and standard P requirement. Organic matter management was necessary to maintain soil organic carbon in sufficient status.
Smart farming: modeling distribution of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae as a leaf blight-causing bacteria in rice plants
Authors: Saputra M H , Sutomo  , Humaida N , Hadiyan Y 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Regarding plant protection in agriculture, it has been known that the cause of leaf blight is the bacteria named Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. This paper aims to conduct a species distribution model of leaf blight-causing bacteria in rice plants and elaborates on its habitat suitability throughout Indonesia within the climate change context. The occurrences data was extracted from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), whereas the climate data was obtained from the Worldclim data set. The Species Distribution Model used the Maximum entropy method available on the Ecocommons website. The result shows that the bacteria occurrences positively correlate with several climatic variables and spread throughout the archipelago presented into five classes. Main islands such as Java, Bali, and Sumatra share areas with the highest suitability values. While Kalimantan and Sulawesi only share small areas with high suitability area. Papua has a less suitable location for the bacteria to spread. Rice cultivation is inseparable from the threat of pests and diseases. It can cause losses in the form of decreased production to crop failure. Therefore, The Species Distribution Model needed to identify areas where the vector is likely to occur. This way, mitigation or even prevention efforts could be made effectively.
Screening of plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria from the maize roots for biocontrol of stewart wilt disease
Authors: Syahri  , Giyanto  , Mutaqin K H 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBacterial endophytes colonize and are widely related to plant interior tissues. They provide maize with various advantages by functioning as growth stimulants and disease protectors. This research is intended to verify the hypothesis that the maize root bacteria are potential plant growth-promoting and Stewart wilt disease-suppressor. Fifty-three endophytic root bacteria from various maize varieties cultivated in South Sumatra and West Java production centres were isolated and evaluated. Initial screening for biosafety assays has selected 24 isolates for further analysis. The antagonistic activity of a bacterial endophyte againstPantoea stewartiisubsp.stewartiiwas evaluated. Endophytic bacteria were selected for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesizing, nitrogen fixation, solubilizer-phosphate capacity, lytic-enzymes production, and pathogens inhibition. Antibiotics were produced by approximately 50% of isolates, volatile organic compounds by more than 80% of isolates, IAA by up to 91.7% of isolates, N fixation by 79.2% of isolates, phosphate solubilization by more than 50% of isolates, and protease by only 20.8% of isolates. Six isolates have been successfully selected using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), which have a maximum score of AHP, including BU-5, JCJ-7, MS-X, JCB-1, JCJ-3, and JCJ-2. The highest inhibition of pathogen growth through antimicrobial activity occurs in isolates BU-5 and JCJ-7 (100%), while JCJ-2 has maximum VOC activity (80.56%) and IAA production (32.78 ppm). Meanwhile, solubilizing phosphate index and protease production are the highest in the JCJ-3 isolate. This paper offers scientific information for upcoming studies on endophytic bacteria to increase maize productivity and disease control.