bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of ART on the dynamics of lipid profiles in Chinese Han HIV-infected patients: comparison between NRTI/NNRTI and NRTI/INSTI
Authors: Liu Shengnan , Wei Baozhu , Liang Wei , Chen Tielong , Deng Liping , Zhao Min , Wan Jing 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThis article aimed to compare the prevalence of dyslipidemia and determine risk factors associated with lipid levels in a cohort of HIV-infected patients receiving two different antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor/non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI/NNRTI) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor/integrase strand transfer inhibitor (NRTI/INSTI).MethodsThis longitudinal study analyzed 633 HIV-infected patients with complete blood lipid profile records for at least 1 year at the ART clinic of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China, from June 2018 to March 2021. Demographic and clinical data, including age, gender, body weight, height, current/former/non-smoker, current drinker, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, were extracted from electronic medical records. Laboratory tests included hematology, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Lipoprotein(a) and CD4 cell count. The observation duration of this study was a maximum of 33 months. Data comparisons were performed using the Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney U test. Generalized linear mixed-effects model (GLMM) and value of p &lt; 0.05 were used to determine factors associated with serum lipid profiles.ResultsIn this study, the effect of the NNRTIs group on the lipid profile over time was mainly an increase in TC and HDL-C, while a decrease in TC/HDL-C and LDL/HDL-C. However, the INSTIs group had higher mean TC and lower HDL-C compared to the NNRTIs group, with significantly increased levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C. In the analysis of dyslipidemia rates, there were significant differences in the prevalence of abnormal TG and TC/HDL-C in HIV-infected patients receiving two different ART regimen groups during different follow-up periods. Dyslipidemia, defined as hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-C, was more prevalent in the INSTIs group, with a higher risk of developing hypertriglyceridemia and a higher TC/HDL-C ratio compared to the NNRTIs group. GLMM analysis suggested significantly higher TG values in the INSTIs group (estimated 0.36[0.10, 0.63], SE 0.14, p = 0.008) compared to the NNRTIs group, even after adjusting for other covariates. In addition, GLMM analysis also showed that age, gender, BMI, CD4 count, and ART duration were associated with dyslipidemia.ConclusionIn conclusion, treatment with both commonly-used ART regimens can increase the mean values of lipid profiles and the risk of dyslipidemia. The findings indicated that TG values were significantly higher in the INSTIs group than in HIV-infected patients receiving the NNRTIs regimens. Longitudinal TG values are independently associated with the clinical types of ART regimens.Clinical Trial Number: ChiCTR2200059861.
Filago pyramidata Tolerant to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides: A New Invasive Weed in Olive Groves of Southern Spain
Authors: Palma-Bautista Candelario , Vázquez-García Jose G. , Domínguez-Valenzuela José Alfredo , Alcántara-de la Cruz Ricardo , De Prado Rafael , Portugal João 
Published: April 2023

Weeds that usually grow in non-agricultural areas have become increasingly common invading perennial crops. Species of the genus Filago, in addition to invading Spanish olive groves, have developed certain levels of natural tolerance to the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicide flazasulfuron. The objective of this study was to determine the level and the mechanism involved in the tolerance to flazasulfuron in Filago pyramidata L., which occurs in olive groves of southern Spain, as well as to identify possible cross- or multiple-tolerances by evaluating alternative herbicides for its control. A population resistant (R) to flazasulfuron and a susceptible (S) one of Conyza canadensis were used as references. The accessions of F. pyramidata presented LD50 values (from 72 to 81 g active ingredient (ai) ha−1) higher than the field dose of flazasulfuron (50 g ai ha−1), being 11–12.5 times more tolerant than the S population of C. canadensis, but less than half the R population (170 g ai ha−1). Enzymatically, F. pyramidata was as sensitive to flazasulfuron (I50 = 17.3 μM) as the S population of C. canadensis. Filago pyramidata plants treated with flazasulfuron, combined with 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, had a growth reduction of up to 85%, revealing the participation of glutathione-S-transferases in herbicide metabolism. Filago pyramidata presented cross-tolerance to the different chemical groups of ALS inhibitors, except triazolinones (florasulam). Synthetic auxins (2,4-D and fluroxypyr) presented good control, but some individuals survived (low multiple resistance). Cellulose synthesis, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, protoporphyrinogen oxidase, photosystem I, and photosystem II inhibitor herbicides, applied in PRE or POST-emergence, presented excellent levels of control of F. pyramidata. These results confirmed the natural tolerance of F. pyramidata to flazasulfuron and cross-tolerance to most ALS-inhibiting herbicides. The mechanism involved was enhanced metabolism mediated by glutathione-S-transferases, which also conferred low multiple tolerance to synthetic auxins. Even so, herbicides with other mechanisms of action still offer excellent levels of control of F. pyramidata.
Biocide Susceptibility and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Swine Feces, Pork Meat and Humans in Germany
Authors: da Silva David Attuy Vey , Dieckmann Ralf , Makarewicz Oliwia , Hartung Anita , Bethe Astrid , Grobbel Mirjam , Belik Vitaly , Pletz Mathias W. , Al Dahouk Sascha , Neuhaus Szilvia 
Published: April 2023

Phenotypic susceptibility testing of Escherichia (E.) coli is an essential tool to gain a better understanding of the potential impact of biocide selection pressure on antimicrobial resistance. We, therefore, determined the biocide and antimicrobial susceptibility of 216 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL) and 177 non-ESBL E. coli isolated from swine feces, pork meat, voluntary donors and inpatients and evaluated associations between their susceptibilities. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG), chlorocresol (PCMC), glutaraldehyde (GDA), isopropanol (IPA), octenidine dihydrochloride and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) showed unimodal distributions, indicating the absence of bacterial adaptation to biocides due to the acquisition of resistance mechanisms. Although MIC95 and MBC95 did not vary more than one doubling dilution step between isolates of porcine and human origin, significant differences in MIC and/or MBC distributions were identified for GDA, CHG, IPA, PCMC and NaOCl. Comparing non-ESBL and ESBL E. coli, significantly different MIC and/or MBC distributions were found for PCMC, CHG and GDA. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed the highest frequency of resistant E. coli in the subpopulation isolated from inpatients. We observed significant but weakly positive correlations between biocide MICs and/or MBCs and antimicrobial MICs. In summary, our data indicate a rather moderate effect of biocide use on the susceptibility of E. coli to biocides and antimicrobials.
Myco-Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Bioactive Role against Pathogenic Microbes
Authors: Abdel-Hadi Ahmed , Iqbal Danish , Alharbi Raed , Jahan Sadaf , Darwish Omar , Alshehri Bader , Banawas Saeed , Palanisamy Manikanadan , Ismail Ahmed , Aldosari Sahar , Alsaweed Mohammed , Madkhali Yahya , Kamal Mehnaz , Fatima Faria 
Published: April 2023

Nanotechnology based on nanoscale materials is rapidly being used in clinical settings, particularly as a new approach for infectious illnesses. Recently, many physical/chemical approaches utilized to produce nanoparticles are expensive and highly unsafe to biological species and ecosystems. This study demonstrated an environmentally friendly mode of producing nanoparticles (NPs) where Fusarium oxysporum has been employed for generation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were further tested for their antimicrobial potentials against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. The characterization of NPs was completed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, DLS and TEM, where it has been found that the NPs were mostly globular, with the size range of 50 to 100 nm. The myco-synthesized AgNPs showed prominent antibacterial potency observed as zone of inhibition of 2.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1.8 mm against Vibrio cholerae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus anthracis, respectively, at 100 µM. Similarly, at 200 µM for A. alternata, A. flavus and Trichoderma have shown zone of inhibition as 2.6 mm, 2.4 mm, and 2.1 mm, respectively. Moreover, SEM analysis of A. alternata confirmed the hyphal damage where the layers of membranes were torn off, and further EDX data analysis showed the presence of silver NPs, which might be responsible for hyphal damage. The potency of NPs may be related with the capping of fungal proteins that are produced extracellularly. Thus, these AgNPs may be used against pathogenic microbes and play a beneficial role against multi-drug resistance.
Molecular Prevalence and Genetic Diversity Based on Msp1a Gene of Anaplasma ovis in Goats from Türkiye
Authors: Ulucesme Mehmet Can , Ozubek Sezayi , Aktas Munir 
Published: April 2023

Anaplasma ovis is a tick-borne obligated intraerythrocytic bacterium that infects domestic sheep, goats, and wild ruminants. Recently, several studies have been carried out using 16S rRNA and msp4 genes to identify the genetic diversity of A. ovis. Instead of these genes, which are known to be highly stable among heterologous strains, Msp1a, which is accepted as a stable molecular marker to classify A. marginale strains, was used in A. ovis genetic diversity studies. The genetic diversity of A. ovis strains according to the Msp1a gene has not been extensively reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the genetic diversity of A. ovis in goats specifically using analysis of the Msp1a gene. Blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis to the EDTA tubes from 293 randomly selected goats (apparently healthy) in the Antalya and Mersin provinces of Mediterranean region of Türkiye. The Msp1a gene of A. ovis was amplified in all DNA samples through the use of PCR, using a specific set of primers named AoMsp1aF and AoMsp1aR. Among the amplified products, well-defined bands with different band sizes were subjected to sequence analysis. The obtained sequence data were converted into amino acid sequences using an online bioinformatics program and the tandem regions were examined. The Msp1a gene of A. ovis was amplified in 46.1% (135 out of 293) of the goats. Through tandem analysis, five distinct tandems (Ao8, Ao18, Tr15-16-17) were identified, and it was found that three of these tandems (Tr15-16-17) were previously unknown and were therefore defined as new tandems. The study also involved examination of ticks from goats. It was observed that the goats in the area were infested with several tick species, including Rhipicephalus bursa (888/1091, 81.4%), R. turanicus (96/1091, 8.8%), Dermacentor raskemensis (92/1091, 8.4%), Hyalomma marginatum (9/1091, 0.8%), and R. sanguineus s.l. (6/1091, 0.5%). This study provides important data for understanding the genetic diversity and evolution of A. ovis based on tandem repeats in the Msp1a protein.
Ketonization of Ginsenoside C-K by Novel Recombinant 3-β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases and Effect on Human Fibroblast Cells
Authors: Jin Yan , Wang Dandan , Im Wan-Taek , Siddiqi Muhammad Zubair , Yang Deok-Chun 
Published: April 2023

Background and objective: The ginsenoside compound K (C-K) (which is a de-glycosylated derivative of major ginsenosides) is effective in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, inflammation, allergy, angiogenesis, aging, and has neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective than other minor ginsenosides. Thus, a lot of studies have been focused on the conversion of major ginsenosides to minor ginsenosides using glycoside hydrolases but there is no study yet published for the bioconversion of minor ginsenosides into another high pharmacological active compound. Therefore, the objective of this study to identify a new gene (besides the glycoside hydrolases) for the conversion of minor ginsenosides C-K into another highly pharmacological active compound. Methods and Results: Lactobacillus brevis which was isolated from Kimchi has showed the ginsenoside C-K altering capabilities. From this strain, a novel potent decarboxylation gene, named HSDLb1, was isolated and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using the pMAL-c5X vector system. Recombinant HSDLb1 was also characterized. The HSDLb1 consists of 774 bp (258 amino acids residues) with a predicted molecular mass of 28.64 kDa. The optimum enzyme activity was recorded at pH 6.0–8.0 and temperature 30 °C. Recombinant HSDLb1 effectively transformed the ginsenoside C-K to 12-β-hydroxydammar-3-one-20(S)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3-oxo-C-K). The experimental data proved that recombinant HSDLb1 strongly ketonized the hydroxyl (-O-H) group at C-3 of C-K via the following pathway: C-K → 3-oxo-C-K. In vitro study, 3-oxo-C-K showed higher solubility than C-K, and no cytotoxicity to fibroblast cells. In addition, 3-oxo-C-K induced the inhibitory activity of ultraviolet A (UVA) against matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and promoted procollagen type I synthesis. Based on these expectations, we hypothesized that 3-oxo-C-K can be used in cosmetic products to block UV radiations and anti-ageing agent. Furthermore, we expect that 3-oxo-C-K will show higher efficacy than C-K for the treatment of cancer, ageing and other related diseases, for which more studies are needed.
Two-phase rehabilitation of patients with a forced position of the lower jaw: a clinical case
Authors: Fadeev R. A. , Timchenko V. V. 
Published: April 2023

Relevance. Malocclusion correction in children very frequently requires several orthodontic appliances throughout the entire treatment period. The high prevalence of dental abnormalities in childhood determines the issue's relevance.Clinical cases' description. The article presents summaries from the records of the patients who presented for orthodontic care with malocclusion complicated by the forced position of the lower jaw. The authors implemented a two-phase orthodontic treatment protocol and achieved acceptable aesthetic and functional results.Conclusion. Laboratory-made plates with occlusal pads in the first phase of treatment of patients with mixed dentition contributes to the normalization of the lower jaw position and the alignment of the occlusal plane. In the second phase of orthodontic treatment, a standard silicone aligner allows for the improvement of dental arch relationship in the vertical, sagittal and transversal planes, normalization of dental arch form, and the correction of displaced teeth.
Cost-Effective Acoustic Feedback Cancellers for Digital Hearing Aids
Authors: Eren Yusuf , Çolak Güvenç Buket , Mengüç Engin 
Published: April 2023

<p>By drawing inspiration from the online censoring (OC) strategy that has significantly contributed to the adaptive processing of big data streams, we develop two prediction error method (PEM) based AFC (PEMAFC) systems in this paper, called OC-PEMAFC-1 and OC-PEMAFC-2. </p>
Pengaruh Return Saham, Tata Kelola Perusahaan, Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Opini Audit Going Concern pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi
Authors: Fungki Diana , Kintadi Cris , Pramukty Rahmat 
Published: April 2023

Kelangsungan hidup perusahaan menjadi sorotan penting bagi pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan (stakeholder) di dalam maupun di luar perusahaan, terutama bagi para investor. Para investor melakukan investasi untuk membiayai kegiatan operasional perusahaan, oleh karena itu investor harus terlebih dahulu memperhatikan kondisi keuangan mengenai kelangsungan hidup (going concern) perusahaan, kondisi keuangan perusahaan tertuang dalam laporan keuangan perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh return saham, tata kelola perusahaan, dan kinerja keuangan terhadap opini audit going concern. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif dan sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Populasi yang digunakan adalah perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2019-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling diperoleh 19 perusahaan telah memenuhi kriteria sampel yang telah ditentukan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dengan bantuan Eviews 12. Riset terdahulu atau riset yang relevan sangat penting dalam suatu riset atau artikel ilmiah. Riset terdahulu atau riset yang relevan berfungsi untuk memperkuat teori dan fenomena hubungan atau pengaruh antar variable. Artikel ini mereview faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi opini audit going concern, yaitu return saham, tata kelola perusahaan dan kinerja keuangan, suatu studi literatur Auditing. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini guna membangun hipotesis pengaruh antar variabel untuk digunakan pada riset selanjutnya. Hasil artikel literature review ini adalah: 1) return saham berpengaruh terhadap opini audit going concern; 2) tata kelola perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap opini audit going concern; dan 3) kinerja keuangan berpengaruh terhadap opini audit going concern.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Map Jurnalmap , Mukmin Silahul , Budiarto Wasis , Prasetyo Indra 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

The aimed of this study was to determine the effect of leadership style and organizational culture on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable. This type of research used quantitative research. Data collected used questionnaires and documentation with a total sample of 50 people.. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results showed that 1) Significant influential leadership style on job satisfaction. 2) Organizational culture has a significant effect on job satisfaction. 3) Leadership style has a significant effect on employee performance. 4) Organizational Culture signifies significant effect on employee performance. 5) Job satisfaction has a significant effect on employee performance. 6) Job satisfaction is an intervening variable between leadership style and employee performance because the value of indirect influence is greater than direct influence. 7) Job satisfaction is an intervening variable between organizational culture on employee performance because the value of indirect influence is greater than direct influence.

Keywords: Leadership Style (X1), Organizational Culture (X2), Employee Performance (Y), Employee Satisfaction (Z)
PENGARUH KUALITAS SDM, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN KREATIVITAS GURU TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA GURU DI MTs AL FALAH KECAMATAN PASEAN KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Map Jurnalmap , YULIAWATI ENI , Utari Woro , ÔÇì Subijanto 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted in Mts Al Falah Kecamatan Pasean Kabupaten Pamekasan with a total sample of 35 people. The purpose of this study is 1) To describe how conditions are about the quality of human resources, work discipline, teacher creativity and work performance of teachers, 2) To test and analyze whether the quality of human resources, work discipline and creativity of teachers simultaneously have an influence on the work performance of teachers, 3) To test and analyze whether the quality of human resources, work discipline and creativity of teachers partially has an influence on the work performance of teachers. The results showed that simultaneously, quality of human resources, work discipline, teacher creativity had a significant effect on teacher work achievement. Partially, the quality of human resources, work discipline, teacher creativity have a significant effect on teacher work performance. The quality of the HR variable has a dominant influence on the Teacher's.
Keywords: Keywords: Job Performance, Quality of Human Resources, Work Discipline, and Creativity.
On the Short-scale Spatial Variability of Electron Inflows in Electron-only Magnetic Reconnection in the Turbulent Magnetosheath Observed by MMS
Authors: Pyakurel P. S. , Phan T. D. , Drake J. F. , Shay M. A. , Øieroset M. , Haggerty C. C. , Stawarz J. , Burch J. L. , Ergun R. E. , Gershman D. J. , Giles B. L. , Torbert R. B. , Strangeway R. J. , Russell C. T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We investigate the detailed properties of electron inflow in an electron-only reconnection event observed by the four Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft in the Earth's turbulent magnetosheath downstream of the quasi-parallel bow shock. The lack of ion coupling was attributed to the small-scale sizes of the current sheets, and the observed bidirectional super-Alfvénic electron jets indicate that the MMS spacecraft crossed the reconnecting current sheet on both sides of an active X-line. Remarkably, the MMS spacecraft observed the presence of large asymmetries in the two electron inflows, with the inflows (normal to the current sheet) on the two sides of the reconnecting current layer differing by as much as a factor of four. Furthermore, even though the four MMS spacecraft were separated by less than seven electron skin depths, the degree of inflow asymmetry was significantly different at the different spacecraft. The asymmetry in the inflow speeds was larger with increasing distances downstream from the reconnection site, and the asymmetry was opposite on the two sides of the X-line. We compare the MMS observations with a 2D kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation and find that the asymmetry in the inflow speeds stems from in-plane currents generated via the combination of reconnection-mediated inflows and parallel flows along the magnetic separatrices in the presence of a large guide field.
Particle Injection and Nonthermal Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection*
Authors: French Omar , Guo Fan , Zhang Qile , Uzdensky Dmitri A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Magnetic reconnection in the relativistic regime has been proposed as an important process for the efficient production of nonthermal particles and high-energy emission. Using fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate how the guide-field strength and domain size affect the characteristic spectral features and acceleration processes. We study two stages of acceleration: energization up until the injection energy γ
inj and further acceleration that generates a power-law spectrum. Stronger guide fields increase the power-law index and γ
inj, which suppresses acceleration efficiency. These quantities seemingly converge with increasing domain size, suggesting that our findings can be extended to large-scale systems. We find that three distinct mechanisms contribute to acceleration during injection: particle streaming along the parallel electric field, Fermi reflection, and the pickup process. The Fermi and pickup processes, related to the electric field perpendicular to the magnetic field, govern the injection for weak guide fields and larger domains. Meanwhile, parallel electric fields are important for injection in the strong guide-field regime. In the post-injection stage, we find that perpendicular electric fields dominate particle acceleration in the weak guide-field regime, whereas parallel electric fields control acceleration for strong guide fields. These findings will help explain the nonthermal acceleration and emission in high-energy astrophysics, including black hole jets and pulsar wind nebulae.