bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracting Al2O3 from red mud smelting separation slag based on mineral phase reconstruction
Authors: Li Siwei , Guo Zhengqi , Pan Jian , Zhu Deqing , Dong Tao , Lu Shenghu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recovery of valuable metals from red mud smelting separation slag is important for environmental protection and saving of natural resources. In this paper, we propose a recycling process of red mud smelting separation slag by mineral phase reconstruction conducted under an air atmosphere. In this process, NaOH and Ca(OH)2 roasting of Al2O3 and NaAlSiO4 was performed, and Al2O3 and SiO2 were converted into alkaline-soluble NaAlO2 and Ca2SiO4, respectively. In the consequent steps, more than 80% of Al2O3 was selectively dissolved into a leaching solution using a NaOH solution under 95℃, and the obtained NaAlO2 solution can be used as a source for extracting alumina. Then, a 20 wt.% HCl solution was used to remove SiO2 from the residue, obtaining a SiO2-containing solution and a concentrated residue of undissolved TiO2 and CaO. Finally, this mineral phase reconstruction process can enable a higher metal leaching rate, and this study provides a novel, clean, and sustainable method for recycling valuable metals from red mud smelting separation slag.
Score-based denoising for atomic structure identification
Authors: Hsu Tim , Sadigh Babak , Bertin Nicolas , Park Cheol Woo , Chapman James , Bulatov Vasily , Zhou Fei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

We propose an accurate method for removing thermal vibrations that complicate the task of analyzing complex dynamics in atomistic simulation of condensed matter. Our method iteratively subtracts thermal noises or perturbations in atomic positions using a denoising score function trained on synthetically noised but otherwise perfect crystal lattices. The resulting denoised structures clearly reveal underlying crystal order while retaining disorder associated with crystal defects. Purely geometric, agnostic to interatomic potentials, and trained without inputs from explicit simulations, our denoiser can be applied to simulation data generated from vastly different interatomic interactions. Followed by a simple phase classification tool such as the Common Neighbor Analysis, the denoiser outperforms other existing methods and reaches perfect classification accuracy on a recently proposed benchmark dataset consisting of perturbed crystal structures (DC3). Demonstrated here in a wide variety of atomistic simulation contexts, the denoiser is general, robust, and readily extendable to delineate order from disorder in structurally and chemically complex materials.
Cox proportional hazard-model application: Time to cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in South Africa
Authors: Hollington Marcus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
There is an increased risk of cervical cancer among women living with HIV. While studies have long examined the association between cervical cancer among women with HIV, no study has examined the time taken for women with HIV to undergo cervical cancer screening as well as the hazard thereof in South Africa.
Methods
The study used cross-sectional data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey. To allow for longitudinal analysis and to address the issue of right-censoring, the data was reformatted to a person-data file. The selection criteria were limited to women living with HIV (WLHIV) who had also responded to the question on cervical cancer screening. Descriptive statistics were employed to show the levels of HIV among women aged 15 and older in South Africa. Additionally, Kaplan‒Meier curves were employed to investigate the time to CCS by WLHIV in South Africa. Thereafter, an unadjusted Cox hazards regression model was employed to examine the hazard of undergoing CCS among WLHIV. Last, it employed an adjusted model to examine the hazard of CCS among WLHIV while adjusting for other factors.
Results
Nineteen percent (n = 1,159) of the women who participated in the study tested positive for HIV. Herein, it was found that the risk of CCS among WLHIV began at the age of approximately 19 years. Thereafter, the hazard of undergoing CCS among WLHIV began to decrease at 58 years. There was a significant association between CCS and WLHIV. Additionally, several covariates were found to be significantly associated with HIV. These were race, province, area of residence, marriage, educational attainment, employment, alcohol consumption, perceived health perception, and health insurance.
Conclusion
The hazard of CCS was lower among WLHIV compared to WLHIV who did not undergo CCS in South Africa. This puts HIV-positive women at risk of increased morbidity and mortality from potential cervical cancer and HIV comorbidity due to CCS deficits within this group, as they are susceptible to HPV and subsequent cervical cancer due to a compromised immune system. HIV-positive women need to routinely undergo CCS every 12 months from baseline for 3 years. Thereafter, they should undergo CCS once every 3 years to reduce their risk of developing the disease.
WITHDRAWN: RPUGuard: a Building Block for Next-Generation MPSoCs Hypervisors toward Mixed-Criticality Systems
Authors: Ottaviano Daniele , Cinque Marcello , De Tommasi Gianmaria , Dubbioso Sara 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The spread of cutting-edge virtualization methods for modern embedded architectures like MultiProcessor Systems on Chip (MPSoCs) opens the door to the development of powerful and dependable hypervisors which might help developers to deal with complexity and heterogeneity of modern technologies while maintaining real-time requirements for critical applications. Following the needs of industrial applications, virtualization has been proven to be among the best approaches for the realization of mixed criticality systems embracing the fog computing paradigm while lowering the space, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C) of the deployment. However, the virtualization support for important hardware accelerators presents on MPSoCs, such as Real-Time Processing Units (RPUs), used for real-time and/or safety-critical workloads, is still overlooked. In this paper we propose the concept of the Omnivisor a software layer that virtualize an entire MPSoC improving the resource utilization while simplifying the implementation of a mixed criticality system over these heterogeneous boards. We identify the RPU virtualization as a building block for its realization. Therefore, as a major contribution for this paper, we design and implement a component, named RPUGuard, which is able to guarantee isolated communication channels with a fixed bandwidth between virtual machines, running on regular Application Processing Units (APUs), and the RPU on the same MPSoC. We evaluated RPUGuard on the Zynq Ultrascale+ board, in the context of a challenging case study concerning the magnetic control system of the ITER experimental nuclear fusion reactor. Results demonstrate how our solution can mitigate the weaknesses of current asymmetric communication techniques, while providing isolation guarantees to critical communication channels.
Changes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen-stimulated CD27 - CD38 + IFN- γ + CD4 + T cells before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Fang Yong , Tang Yuan , Wang Na , Luo Qiao-Xia , Tang Liang , Yang Xiao-Jun , Zhang Jing-Bo , You Xiao-fang , Wang Yu-Chun , Su Bo , Sha Wei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to investigate whether the expression of CD27−CD38+ in IFN-γ+CD4+T cells stimulated by the specific antigen ESAT-6/CFP-10 could be a potential new therapeutic evaluation indicator for anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment.
Methods
Newly diagnosed active pulmonary TB patients, latent TB infection (LTBI) and healthy controls were enrolled from January 2021 to December 2021. PTB patients were treated by standard anti-TB regimen 2HREZ/4HR. The difference of CD27−CD38+ expression in IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells before treatment, 2 months after treatment, and 6 months after treatment were compared.
Results
The expression of CD27−CD38+ decreased significantly after anti-TB treatment and was comparable with that in LTBI and healthy controls when the 6-month anti-TB treatment course was completed. The decline rate of CD27−CD38+ between 6 months after treatment and base line was positively correlated with ESR (r = 0.766, P < 0.0001), C-reactive protein (r = 0.560, P = 0.003) and chest CT severity score (r = 0.632, P = 0.0005). The area under ROC curve of CD27−CD38+ in distinguish PTB patients before and after treatment was 0.779.
Conclusion
The expression of CD27−CD38+ in ESAT-6/CFP-10 stimulated IFN-γ+CD4+T cells can well reflect the changes of the disease before and after anti-TB treatment, which is expected to be a potential new therapeutic evaluation index.
A Review of Sentiment Analysis Approaches for Quality Assurance in Teaching and Learning
Authors: Oghu Emughedi , Ogbuju Emeka , Abiodun Taiwo , Oladipo Francisca 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The education industry considers quality to be a crucial factor in its development. Yet, the quality of many institutions is far from perfect as there is high rate of systemic failure and low performance among students. Consequently, the application of digital computing plays an increasingly important role in assuring the overall quality of an educational institution. However, literature lacks a reasonable number of systematic review that classifies researches that applied natural language processing and machine learning solutions for students’ feedback in sentiment analysis and quality assurance. Thus, this paper presents a systematic literature review that structure available published papers between 2014 and 2023 in high impact journal indexed databases. The work extracted 59 relevant papers out of the 3392 that was initially found using an exclusion and inclusion criteria. The result identified five (5) prevalent techniques that are majorly researched for sentiment analysis in the area of education as well as the prevalent supervised machine learning algorithms, lexicon-based approaches and evaluation metrics in assessing feedbacks in the education domain.
Peripheral and posterior pole retinal changes in highly myopic Chaoshan Chinese children and adolescents
Authors: Zhang Wenli , Yang Fan , Chen Shirong , Shi Tingkun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with peripheral and posterior pole retinal changes in highly myopic Chinese children and adolescents.
Methods: A prospective, consecutive case series and cross-sectional study was designed. One-hundred-and-twenty subjects with high myopia were recruited and underwent cycloplegic refraction, dilated fundus examination, and optical coherence tomography. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the factors associated with the development of peripheral and posterior pole retinal changes.
Results: The mean spherical equivalent refraction of the subjects was - 8.74 ± 2.86 D, and the mean age of the subjects was 11.45 ± 3.02 years. The most common peripheral retinal changes were snowflake retinal degeneration (27.5%), white without pressure (27.5%), snail-track degeneration (15.00%), and lattice degeneration (15.00%). The most common posterior changes were optic nerve crescent (78.3%) and posterior staphyloma (11.7%). Subjects with peripheral retinal changes had significantly older age and higher myopia compared with subjects without peripheral retinal changes (12.08 ± 3.08 vs. 10.71±2.79 years, -9.26 ± 3.25 vs. -8.13 ± 2.19 D, respectively, both p < 0.05). The presence of optic nerve crescent was associated with thinner choroidal thickness and a higher degree of refractive error (183.35 ± 62.1 µm vs. 219.69 ± 66.82 µm, -9.00 ± 3.08 vs. -7.81 ± 1.55 D, respectively, both p < 0.05).
Conclusion: A substantial proportion of the subjects were found to have peripheral and posterior retinal changes. There is an increased risk of retinal changes in eyes with a higher degree of myopia, longer axial length, older age, and thinner choroidal thickness in individuals aged 7–16 years.
Identification of key biomarkers in the tubulointerstitium of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and their relationship with immune cell infiltration using weighted gene co-expression network analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator
Authors: zhang Yun Xia , Bai Jun Yuan , Pu Xiao Wei , Lv Juan , Dai En Lai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is unclear, and diagnostic methods are limited. This study aimed to identify key biomarkers in the tubulointerstitium of FSGS patients and their association with immune cell infiltration.
Methods
The microarray expression and related data( GSE108112 and GSE200818) were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/). Identification and enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed. Additionally, PPI networks of the DEGs were constructed and classified using Cytoscape plug-in MCODE. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to identify the most critical gene modules. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression data were used to screen for key biomarkers of the tubulointerstitium in FSGS, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine their diagnostic accuracy. The major transcription factors affecting the hub genes were identified by Cytoscape plug-in iregulon. Infiltration of 28 immune cells and their interactions with hub genes were analyzed.
Results
In total, 535 DEGs were identified, including 219 upregulated genes and 316 downregulated genes. DEGs function mainly enriched in immune-related diseases and signaling fluxes. Cytoscape plug-in MCODE obtained nine modules with a total of 81 genes. The central module of WGCNA (green module, including 237 genes) in the correlation heap had the greatest association with the tubulointerstitial in FSGS. Three key genes (fractalkine/CX3C chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A)) were screened as potential tubulointerstitium biomarkers in FSGS. The transcription factor early growth response factor 1 (EGR1) had a regulatory effect on all three key biomarkers. Immune infiltration showed a significant correlation between CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and natural killer T cells. The results Infiltration of 28 immune cells showed that CX3CL1 and TGFB1 were enhanced, and PPARGC1A was decreased in immune and inflammation-related pathways.
Conclusions
The activation of natural killer T cells is closely related to tubulointerstitial renal lesions in FSGS. CX3CL1, TGFB1, and PPARGC1A may play important roles in the tubulointerstitium of FSGS through immune-related signaling pathways.
Performance of quantum registers in diamond in the presence of spin impurities
Authors: Maile Dominik , Ankerhold Joachim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Nitrogen Vacancy Center in diamond coupled to addressable surrounding nuclear spins forms a versatile building block for future quantum technologies. While previous activities focused on sensing with only a single or very few spins in operation, recently multi-qubit registers have been successfully implemented for quantum information processing. Further progress requires a detailed understanding of the performance of quantum protocols for consecutive gate operations and thus, beyond established treatments for relaxation and dephasing.
Here, we provide such a theoretical analysis for a small spin registers with up to four spins built out of NV and environmental constituents in presence of ensembles of interacting impurity spins. Adapting a cluster correlation expansion, we predict coherence properties as well as fidelities for GHZ- and Bell-gate operations also in presence of decoupling pulses. The influence of the volume density and the geometry of the spin-bath consisting of substitutional nitrogen atoms are also taken into account.
Le NFT : de l'œuvre d'art à l'instrument financier
Authors: Bastian Enzo 
Published: January 2023

Depuis quelques années, les Non-Fungible Tokens font l'objet d'un intérêt croissant notamment sur le marché de l'art. Ils suscitent des opérations spéculatives importantes, mais ne sont appréhendés juridiquement que de manière lacunaire. Ce manque d'encadrement présente des risques notamment sous l'angle du droit des marchés financiers et favorise des comportements criminels tels que le blanchiment d'argent. Dans l'attente d'une nécessaire modification législative, une solution pour réduire ces risques consisterait à catégoriser le NFT comme un instrument financier. Cet article aspire à illustrer comment une telle qualification serait envisageable ainsi que les conséquences y relatives.
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Das Interesse an Non-Fungible Token ist in den letzten Jahren insbesondere auf dem Kunstmarkt gestiegen. Sie führen zu beträchtlichen Spekulationsgeschäften, werden aber rechtlich nur lückenhaft erfasst. Dieser fehlende Rahmen birgt insbesondere unter dem Gesichtspunkt des Finanzmarktrechts Risiken und begünstigt kriminelle Verhaltensweisen wie Geldwäsche. Bis zu einer notwendigen Gesetzesänderung könnte eine Lösung zur Verringerung dieser Risiken darin bestehen, die NFT als Finanzinstrument zu kategorisieren. Dieser Artikel will aufzeigen, wie eine solche Einstufung aussehen könnte und welche Konsequenzen damit verbunden sind.
Obesity Genetics
Authors: Wicaksono Hendi 
Published: January 2023

Obesity is a health problem that become burden all over the world, andÂ affected all age groups. An increase in body weight above normal often characterises it. Genetic and environmental factors are known to be the main cause of obesity. Based on several studies, it turns out that genetic factors play a role of 40-60% in the incidence, however the role of genetic factors in obesity still not fully explained. The author wrote the topic of genetics and obesity based on his research experience regarding genotype polymorphisms associated with obesity. The aim of this book is to provide a new perspective on genetic factors as a causal factor and how genetics plays a role in obesity.
Digital Phenotyping Data to Predict Symptom Improvement and Mental Health App Personalization in College Students: Prospective Validation of a Predictive Model
Authors: Currey Danielle , Torous John 
Published: January 2023

Background
Mental health apps offer a transformative means to increase access to scalable evidence-based care for college students. Yet low rates of engagement currently preclude the effectiveness of these apps. One promising solution is to make these apps more responsive and personalized through digital phenotyping methods able to predict symptoms and offer tailored interventions.

Objective
Following our protocol and using the exact model shared in that paper, our primary aim in this study is to assess the prospective validity of mental health symptom prediction using the mindLAMP app through a replication study. We also explored secondary aims around app intervention personalization and correlations of engagement with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Digital Working Alliance Inventory scale in the context of automating the study.

Methods
The study was 28 days in duration and followed the published protocol, with participants collecting digital phenotyping data and being offered optional scheduled and algorithm-recommended app interventions. Study compensation was tied to the completion of weekly surveys and was not otherwise tied to engagement or use of the app.

Results
The data from 67 participants were used in this analysis. The area under the curve values for the symptom prediction model ranged from 0.58 for the UCLA Loneliness Scale to 0.71 for the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Engagement with the scheduled app interventions was high, with a study mean of 73%, but few participants engaged with the optional recommended interventions. The perceived utility of the app in the TAM was higher (P=.01) among those completing at least one recommended intervention.

Conclusions
Our results suggest how digital phenotyping methods can be used to create generalizable models that may help create more personalized and engaging mental health apps. Automating studies is feasible, and our results suggest targets to increase engagement in future studies.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/37954
Wave Regime of Vietnamese Waters on the Basis of Numerical Modeling and Field Measurements
Authors: Le Mau , Vlasova Galina , Lebedev Sergey , Nguyen Tuan , Ho The , Tran Binh , Nguyen Dung 
Published: January 2023

This paper presents results of research of the wave regime in Vietnamese waters (South China Sea) based on the data of numerical modeling data using the WAM model (WAVE Modeling). The model domain covers the basin of the South China Sea (SCS). The bathymetry of the SCS used in the model is based on the ETOPO5 digital database. Wind parameters are based on the six-hour NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data with a resolution of ΔX = ΔY = 0.25° over the period 1979–2021. The field wave data measurements were collected by the Institute of Oceanography of Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology in the southern central Vietnamese waters in 2013. The statistical data of computed wave characteristics for the period of 43 years (1979–2021) illustrate that the main wave direction in Vietnamese waters was NE during the Northeastern (NE) monsoon, and in the opposite direction during the Southwestern (SW) monsoon. The NE monsoon wave was more dominant than that of the SW monsoon wave. Recurrence frequency (%) of significant wave height Hs >1.0 m (Hs – significant wave height is an average of 1/3 the largest of serial waves relative to average seawater level) greater than 50%
covered the northeastern, central region of the SCS, and central Vietnamese coast. The wave recurrence frequency in the Gulf of Tonkin and Gulf of Thailand was <40% and <30%, respectively. The central Vietnamese coast from Ly Son Island to Phu Quy Island was the strongest affected by wave action. The recurrence frequency of the maximum significant wave height Hs >3.5 m was greater than 1.5%. The Gulf of Tonkin (Bach Long Vi Island) and the Gulf of Thailand (Tho Chu Island) were less affected by
wave action than the central Vietnamese coast: the recurrence frequency of the maximum wave height (Hs>3.5 m) was less than 0.1%. Phu Quy and Con Dao Islands were more influenced by wave action during both seasons than the central coast of Vietnam.