bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coloncare capsules - A Perfect Blend of Pro-prebiotics stimulate our Immunity in response to pathogen Infections
Authors: GovindShukla  , Chandramauli  , Balaswamy N.G  , Rajkumar  , C.J. Sampath Kumar  
Published: January 2025

A Probiotic is defined classically as a viable microbial dietary supplement that beneficially affects the host through its effects in the intestinal tract. This definition, however, was initially intended for use with animal feed products. For human nutrition, the following definition has been proposed. A live microbial food ingredient that is beneficial to health. A Prebioticis defined as “a nondigestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon. The present paper Reviews the Role of Colon care capsules, A perfect blend of 2 prebiotics & 6 Probiotics to mentain healthy gut flora, developed by R&D cell of Lactonova Nutripharm Pvt Ltd. Hyderabad.
To study the effect of Different Positions on FVC and FEV1 measurements in Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.
Authors: Payaswini Daithankar  , Vishakha Kadam  , Mithila Pawar  
Published: January 2025

Obstructive diseases include conditions in which there is a resistance to airflow either through reversible factors such as bronchospasm or inflammation, or through irreversible factors such as airway fibrosis or loss of elastic recoil owing to damage to the airways and the alveoli. Types include: COPD, Asthma and Cystic fibrosis. COPD is a common disease worldwide. Worldwide prevalence of COPD ranges from 4–6%. Spirometry can be helpful in determining the effects of position on ventilator functions. It is the best method for detecting borderline to mild airway obstruction, which occurs early without the appearance of any symptoms or signs. FEV1 is the most important spirometry measure for the assessment of airflow obstruction. Many researchers have reported significant changes in pulmonary function with positioning. Reductions of 12% for forced vital capacity and 15% for force expiratory volume in one second have been observed in normal individuals between the different body positions of sitting and slumped half lying. The aim of the study was to determine the Effect of different positions on FVC and FEV1 measurements in obstructive pulmonary disease patients. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in pulmonary function values of obstructive pulmonary disease patients with change in position.30 samples were selected according to convenient sampling. Outcome measures were FEV1 and FVC which were calculated in different positions and the result was obtained for comparing the values of FVC and FEV1 in all the test positions. On application of ANOVA test the following values were obtained. For FVC the f value obtained is 4.187 and p value obtained is 0.003 which is statically significant. For FEV1 the f value obtained is 6.343 and p value obtained is 0.006 which is statically significant. There is an effect of various body positions on FVC and FEV1 in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease.
Strategi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Berkelanjutan Melalui Penerapan Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) pada Kewirausahaan
Authors: Ayu Winda Amalia  , Soeratin Harry Z 
Published: January 2025

Isu lingkungan dan sosial telah meningkat dan menjadi perhatian global hingga menyebabkan intensi perekonomian saat ini berfokus pada pembangunan yang berkelanjutan. Seiring meningkatkan tekanan global terhadap perubahan iklim dan kerusakan lingkungan, wirausahawan memiliki peran penting dalam menemukan, menciptakan, berinovasi, dan mengadopsi praktik-praktik ramah lingkungan. Penerapan ESG dalam kewirausahaan merupakan langkah strategis dalam mendorong pembangunan secara berkelanjutan. Tidak hanya bagi perusahaan besar, penerapan ESG dapat mendorong UMKM sebagai tulang punggung perekonomian nasional tumbuh menjadi ekonomi yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran ESG pada kewirausahaan sebagai strategi pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan. Penulisan ini menggunakan literature review sebagai metode untuk mendalami topik yang dikaji secara kritis. Dari penulisan ini diperoleh bahwa komitmen terhadap ESG secara signifikan mempengaruhi reputasi suatu bisnis dan kesuksesan usaha yang berkelanjutan.
Temporomandibular Disorders and Climacteric Disorders in Argentina: Advances and Challenges for Comprehensive Care
Authors: Samón Mayán Youris , Rodríguez Yanes Ana 
Published: January 2025

In 2024, the Stomatognathic System (ES) and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) acquired a particular relevance in Argentina due to the demographic, economic and health changes affecting its constantly changing population. The aging population structure and the increase in life expectancy generated direct implications in the prevalence and management of TMDs, especially in women during climacteric and menopause. The socioeconomic context presented contrasts, with growing access to health services thanks to public policies focused on primary health care, although inequalities persisted between urban and rural areas. These inequalities affected the quality of the specialized treatments needed for TMDs, aggravating the situation of vulnerable women due to economic barriers and lack of information.During the climacteric period, hormonal changes had a negative impact on oral and maxillofacial health, exacerbating TMDs, which are more prevalent in women than in men, with a ratio of three to one. Factors such as emotional stress and psychological disorders, intensified by inflation and economic uncertainty, played a crucial role in the etiology of TMDs. The importance of preventive strategies, such as educational campaigns and professional training to identify and treat TMDs early was highlighted. However, the limitations of the public health system and the high costs of specialized treatments restricted their scope. Despite advances in academic training and interdisciplinary approach, the need for more comprehensive public policies that prioritize women's health became evident. Argentina faced the challenge of consolidating an equitable model that would guarantee access to effective treatments, allowing women in climacteric conditions to live with dignity and wellbeing
Um Jogo Bastante Perigoso: Sobre Literatura e Filosofia
Authors: Leão Adalgisa 
Published: January 2025

This text originates from a certainty: the centrality of Literature in my life. Even before I got to where I am and being what I would be in the professional field – teacher and in higher education – at the intersection between Pedagogy and Philosophy. That's because, for as long as I can remember, Literature has been there. Since the most tense age, my life has been pierced by Literature and books. At the time of writing this text, the expression may sound strange, old-fashioned, anachronistic... but Adalgisa has always been a "card-carrying reader": when I didn't have the financial resources to buy books, I used to go to the State Public Library, in the center of the city of Recife, next to Parque Treze de Maio. This preamble to say that the theme is very dear to me! Of relevance and importance for the processes of subjectivation, to which I can currently contribute as a professional.
Evaluation of Oseltamivir Used to Prevent Hospitalization in Outpatients With Influenza
Authors: Hanula Ryan , Bortolussi-Courval Émilie , Mendel Arielle , Ward Brian J. , Lee Todd C. , McDonald Emily G. 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceDespite widespread use, summary evidence from prior meta-analyses has contradictory conclusions regarding whether oseltamivir decreases the risk of hospitalization when given to outpatients. Several large investigator-initiated randomized clinical trials have not yet been meta-analyzed.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of oseltamivir in preventing hospitalization among influenza-infected adult and adolescent outpatients.Data SourcesPubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Europe PubMed Central, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry were searched from inception to January 4, 2022.Study SelectionIncluded studies were randomized clinical trials comparing oseltamivir vs placebo or nonactive controls in outpatients with confirmed influenza infection.Data Extraction and SynthesisIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines were followed. Two independent reviewers (R.H. and É.B.C.) extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Each effect size was pooled using a restricted maximum likelihood random effects model. The quality of evidence was graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHospitalization was pooled as risk ratio (RR) and risk difference (RD) estimates with 95% CIs.ResultsOf 2352 studies identified, 15 were included. The intention-to-treat infected (ITTi) population was comprised of 6166 individuals with 54.7% prescribed oseltamivir. Across study populations, 53.9% (5610 of 10 471) were female and the mean age was 45.3 (14.5) years. Overall, oseltamivir was not associated with reduced risk of hospitalization within the ITTi population (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.48 to 1.29; RD, −0.17%; 95% CI, −0.23% to 0.48%). Oseltamivir was also not associated with reduced hospitalization in older populations (mean age ≥65 years: RR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.21 to 4.90) or in patients considered at greater risk of hospitalization (RR, 0.65; 0.33 to 1.28). Within the safety population, oseltamivir was associated with increased nausea (RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.82) and vomiting (RR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.28 to 2.63) but not serious adverse events (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.46 to1.08).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis among influenza-infected outpatients, oseltamivir was not associated with a reduced risk of hospitalization but was associated with increased gastrointestinal adverse events. To justify continued use for this purpose, an adequately powered trial in a suitably high-risk population is justified.
Experimental investigation of the effective point of measurement for plane‐parallel chambers used in electron beam dosimetry
Authors: Yasui Kohki , Nakajima Yujiro , Suda Yuhi , Arai Yu , Takizawa Takuto , Sakai Kaito , Fujita Yukio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, the effective point of measurement (EPOM) for plane‐parallel ionization chambers in clinical high‐energy electron beams was determined experimentally. Previous studies have reported that the EPOM of plane‐parallel chambers is shifted several tens of millimeters downstream from the inner surface of the entrance window to the cavity. These findings were based on the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, and few experimental studies have been performed. Thus, additional experimental validations of the reported EPOMs were required. In this study, we investigated the EPOMs of three plane‐parallel chambers (NACP‐02, Roos and Advanced Markus) for clinical electron beams. The EPOMs were determined by comparing the measured percentage depth‐dose (PDD) of the plane‐parallel chambers and the PDD obtained using the microDiamond detector. The optimal shift to the EPOM was energy‐dependent. The determined EPOM showed no chamber‐to‐chamber variation, thereby allowing the use of a single value. The mean optimal shifts were 0.104 ± 0.011, 0.040 ± 0.012, and 0.012 ± 0.009 cm for NACP‐02, Roos, and Advanced Markus, respectively. These values are valid in the R50 range from 2.40 to 8.82 cm, which correspond to 6–22 MeV. Roos and Advanced Markus exhibited similar results to those of the previous studies, but NACP‐02 showed a larger shift. This is probably due to the uncertainty of the entrance window of NACP‐02. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully consider where the optimal EPOM is located when using this chamber.
The Clinical Characteristics and Potential Molecular Mechanism of LMNA Mutation‐Related Lipodystrophy
Authors: Xiao Cheng , Liu Jieying , Yang Chunru , Zhai Xiaojun , Liu Peng , Xiao Xinhua , Yu Miao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to enhance understanding of LMNA mutation‐related lipodystrophy by elucidating genotype‐phenotype correlations and potential molecular mechanisms. Clinical data from six patients with LMNA mutation‐related lipodystrophy are analyzed, and four distinct LMNA mutations are identified. Associations between mutations and lipodystrophy phenotypes are assessed. Three LMNA mutation plasmids are constructed and transfected into HEK293 cells. Protein stability, degradation pathways, and binding proteins of mutant Lamin A/C are examined using Western blotting, co‐immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry. Confocal microscopy is employed to observe nuclear structure. Four different LMNA mutations are identified in the six patients, all exhibiting lipodystrophy and metabolic disorders. Cardiac dysfunction is observed in two out of six patients. Metformin and pioglitazone are the primary treatments for glucose control. Confocal microscopy revealed nuclear blebbing and irregular cell membranes. Mutant Lamin A/C stability is significantly decreased, and degradation occurred primarily via the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS). Potential binding ubiquitination‐related proteins of mutant Lamin A/C are identified. This study investigated LMNA mutation‐related lipodystrophy, identifying four unique mutations and their connections to specific phenotypes. It is found to decreased mutant Lamin A/C stability and degradation primarily through the UPS, offering new insights into molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
In situ Electropolymerized 3D Microporous Cobalt‐Porphyrin Nanofilm for Highly Effective Molecular Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Wang Chao , Chen Yuzhuo , Su Daijian , Man Wai‐Lun , Lau Kai‐Chung , Han Lianhuan , Zhao Liubin , Zhan Dongping , Zhu Xunjin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) based on molecular catalysts, for example, cobalt porphyrin, is promising to enhance the carbon cycle and mitigate current climate crisis. However, the electrocatalytic performance and accurate evaluations remain problems because of either the low loading amount or the low utilization rate of the electroactive CoN4 sites. Herein a monomer is synthesized, cobalt(II)‐5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(3,5‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)phenyl)porphyrin (CoP), electropolymerized onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) networks, affording a molecular electrocatalyst of 3D microporous nanofilm (EP‐CoP, 2–3 nm thickness) with highly dispersed CoN4 sites. The new electrocatalyst shortens the electron transfer pathway, accelerates the redox kinetics of CoN4 sites, and improves the durability of the electrocatalytic CO2RR. From the intrinsic redox behavior of CoN4 sites, the effective utilization rate is obtained as 13.1%, much higher than that of the monomer assembled electrode (5.8%), and the durability is also promoted dramatically (>40 h) in H‐type cells. In commercial flow cells, EP‐CoP can achieve a faradic efficiency for CO (FECO) over 92% at an overpotential of 160 mV. At a higher overpotential of 620 mV, the working current density can reach 310 mA cm−2 with a high FECO of 98.6%, representing the best performance for electrodeposited molecular porphyrin electrocatalysts.
Applying 2DEG in High‐Performance Mid‐Infrared Photodetection
Authors: Xu Hanlun , Wang Yao , Shen Jinbo , Ren Ziyang , Zhu Jiaqi , Chen Yansong , Liu Mengjuan , Zhai Yihui , Lu Yunhao , Zhang Yong , Zhu Shiyao , Zhao Sihan , Wu Huizhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐speed and highly sensitive infrared photodetectors are regarded as one of the most essential components in modern photonic devices and technology because of constantly emerging application scenarios. In this paper, an ultrafast and extremely low noise mid‐infrared (MIR) photodetector is reported at both room and cryogenic temperatures by leveraging the high‐mobility 2D electron gas (2DEG) at the polar CdTe/PbTe heterostructure interface. The detector simultaneously exhibits a peak detectivity of ≈4.2 × 1011 Jones with rapid response in the order of 10 ns, which is substantially superior to the state‐of‐the‐art 2DEG MIR detectors made of 2D layered materials. The ultrafast response with extremely low noise of the 2DEG photodetector is attributed to the unique band alignment at the interface. The practical infrared imaging application is further showcased using the 2DEG MIR detector by revealing the fine features of a MIR radiation target. This work highlights the promising prospect of utilizing the unique 2DEG interface in the field of high‐speed and highly sensitive MIR detection.
Stable and Efficient Animal Models of the Peritoneal Adhesion
Authors: Zhou Weixian , Zhang Kuo , Chen Hao , Rahman Muhammad S. U. , Wang Liuxiang , Li Shilin , Wang Chenhong , Liu Ying , Xu Shanshan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeritoneal adhesion (PA) is a widespread complication of surgery arising from physiological problems. Various therapies and medicines for anti‐PA have been studied but lack unified and standard PA models. Various experimental techniques are applied to establish and investigate reliable models for inducing PA in pigs and rats. This study utilizes four scoring systems to evaluate the severity of adhesions. In pigs, U‐shape incision, L‐shape incision, ileum resection, cecum abrasion & peritoneum abrasion, and cecum purse‐string & peritoneum abrasion models are established, to assess the impact of laparotomy incision and double opposed wound on adhesion formation. For rat models, the exposed double opposed wound models are created, including peritoneum resection & cecum abrasion, peritoneum abrasion & cecum abrasion, two knots & cecum abrasion, and four knots & cecum abrasion models, to explore the influence of double opposed wounds and foreign materials. The findings suggest that the peritoneum resection & cecum abrasion model is a reliable and reproducible PA model, as it exhibits a high adhesion rate and consistent adhesion scores across all evaluation approaches. The utilization of the double‐opposed wound model and evaluation systems contributes to more scientifically rigorous and efficient preclinical evaluations of various anti‐adhesion agents.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer from Xanthates to Acyl Azoliums: Divergent Ketone Synthesis via N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis
Authors: Tan Chang‐Yin , Kim Minseok , Hong Sungwoo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConsidering the prevalence of alcohols and carboxylic acids, their fragment cross‐coupling reactions could hold significant implications in organic synthesis. Herein, we report a versatile method for synthesizing a diverse range of ketones from alcohols and carboxylic acid derivatives via N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis. Mechanistic investigations revealed that photoexcited xanthates and acyl azoliums undergo single electron transfer (SET) under photocatalyst‐free conditions, generating NHC‐derived ketyl radicals and alkyl radicals. These open‐shell intermediates subsequently undergo the radical‐radical cross‐coupling reaction, yielding valuable ketones. Furthermore, this approach can be employed in three‐component reactions involving alkenes and enynes, resulting in structurally diverse cross‐coupled ketones. The unified strategy offers a unique opportunity for the fragment coupling of a diverse range of alcohols and carboxylic acid derivatives, accommodating diverse functional groups even in complex settings.
Dual nozzle 3D printing strategy to improve the surface quality of continuous glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites
Authors: Xu Wenyi , Yu Liguo , Chen Ke , Zhang Run , Xue Ping , Jia Mingyin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA dual‐nozzle 3D printing technique was proposed to prepare continuous glass fiber reinforced PA6 (CGF/PA6) composites with sandwich structure. Short glass fiber reinforced PA6 filament was used for printing the surface layer and CGF/PA6 filament was used for inner part to provide high‐mechanical performance. Morphology of CGF/PA6 filament and the properties of printed composites samples were investigated. Printing process parameters were systematically optimized. The results showed that when CGF/PA6 part thickness of the composites samples was 2.8 mm, the flexural strength and flexural modulus, notched impact strength and interlaminar shear strength of the printed products can reach 275.4 MPa, 10.8 GPa, 168.2 kJ/m2, and 26.5 MPa, respectively. The dual‐nozzle 3D printing strategy in this work was of great significance for the precision fabrication of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPC), which can be widely used in aerospace, automotive, wind turbine blades, shipbuilding, and other industrial fields due to their excellent mechanical properties and ability to resist vibration and corrosion.
Real‐world outcomes among patients with EGFR‐mutated non‐small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors versus immunotherapy or chemotherapy in the first‐line setting
Authors: Apple Jon , Shenolikar Rahul , De Silva Kevin , Sun Ping , Spira Alexander 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite national guideline recommendations, epidermal growth factor receptor mutated (EGFRm) metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) patients may still receive suboptimal treatment in the first line (1L). This study evaluated 1L therapy initiation in relation to biomarker testing results and time to next‐treatment or death (TTNTD) in patients receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) versus immunotherapy (IO) or chemotherapy.MethodsStage IV EGFRm mNSCLC adults that initiated 1L EGFR TKI (first, second, or third generation), IO ± chemotherapy (IO users), or chemotherapy alone from 5/2017–12/2019 were identified from the Flatiron database. Logistic regression estimated the likelihood of initiating treatment before receiving testing results for each therapy. Median TTNTD was evaluated via Kaplan–Meier analysis. Adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% CI examining the association of 1L therapy with TTNTD were reported from multivariable Cox proportional‐hazards models.ResultsAmong 758 EGFRm mNSCLC patients, EGFR TKI was used as 1L therapy for 87.3% of patients (n = 662), IO in 8.3% (n = 63), and chemotherapy only in 4.4% (n = 33). The majority of IO (61.9%) and chemotherapy only patients (60.6%) initiated therapy before test results were available, compared to 9.7% of EGFR TKIs. The odds of initiating therapy before receiving test results were higher for IO (OR: 19.6, p < 0.001) and chemotherapy alone (OR: 14.1, p < 0.001) in comparison to EGFR TKIs. Compared to IO and chemotherapy, EGFR TKIs had longer median TTNTD (EGFR TKI: 14.8 months, 95% CI: 13.5–16.3; IO: 3.7 months, 95% CI 2.8–6.2; chemotherapy: 4.4 months, 95% CI 3.1–6.8, p < 0.001). EGFR TKI patients had significantly lower risk of initiating second‐line therapy or death compared to patients on 1L IO (HR: 0.33, p < 0.001) or 1L chemotherapy (HR: 0.34, p < 0.001).ConclusionsA portion of biomarker testing results were not used to guide 1L therapy. Patients initiating EGFR TKI as 1L therapy had longer TTNTD than IO or chemotherapy.