bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory-Derived Bioaccumulation Kinetic Parameters for Four Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Freshwater Mussels
Authors: Steevens Jeffery A. , Dorman Rebecca , Brunson Eric , Kunz James , Pulster Erin L. , Burket S. Rebekah , Stroski Kevin M. , Sims Jaylen L. , Simcik Matt F. , Brooks Bryan W. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although freshwater mussels are imperiled and identified as key conservation priorities, limited bioaccumulation information is available on these organisms for contaminants of emerging concern. In the present study we investigated the bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the model freshwater pond mussel Sagittunio subrostratus because mussels provide important ecosystem services and are important components of aquatic systems where PFAS occur. In the present study we selected four representative perfluorinated carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids, then determined the bioaccumulation kinetics of freshwater mussels in a controlled laboratory study. Because uptake (ku) and elimination (ke) rate constants and time to steady state are important parameters for food web bioaccumulation models, we derived bioaccumulation kinetic parameters following exposure to perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) at 10 µg/L and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) at 1 µg/L during a 14-day uptake period followed by a 7-day elimination period. Kinetic and ratio-based bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were subsequently calculated, for example ratio-based BAFs for mussel at day 7 were determined for PFHxS (0.24 ± 0.08 L/kg), PFOS (7.73 ± 1.23 L/kg), PFDA (4.80 ± 1.21 L/kg), and PFUnDA (84.0 ± 14.4 L/kg). We generally observed that, for these four model PFAS, freshwater mussels have relatively low BAF values compared with other aquatic invertebrates and fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1190–1198. © 2023 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Optimal forecasts in the presence of discrete structural breaks under long memory
Authors: Paza Mboya Mwasi , Sibbertsen Philipp 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe develop methods to obtain optimal forecast under long memory in the presence of a discrete structural break based on different weighting schemes for the observations. We observe significant changes in the forecasts when long‐range dependence is taken into account. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we confirm that our methods substantially improve the forecasting performance under long memory. We further present an empirical application to inflation rates that emphasizes the importance of our methods.
Experiences of people with dementia and informal caregivers with post‐diagnostic support: Data from the international COGNISANCE study
Authors: Hevink Maud , Wolfs Claire , Ponds Rudolf , Doucet Shelley , McAiney Carrie , Vedel Isabelle , Maćkowiak Maria , Rymaszewska Joanna , Rait Greta , Robinson Louise , Poole Marie , Gresham Meredith , Jeon Yun‐Hee , Phillipson Lyn , Low Lee‐Fay , Brodaty Henry , de Vugt Marjolein , Verhey Frans 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe study aims to describe people with dementia and informal caregivers' respective experiences of support after diagnosis and compares these experiences. Additionally, we determine how people with dementia and informal caregivers who are satisfied with support differ from those dissatisfied.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey study in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Poland, and United Kingdom was carried out to examine people with dementia and informal caregivers experience with support (satisfaction with information, access to care, health literacy, and confidence in ability to live well with dementia). The separate surveys contained closed questions. Analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and Chi‐square tests.ResultsNinety people with dementia and 300 informal caregivers participated, and 69% of people with dementia and 67% of informal caregivers said support after diagnosis helped them deal more efficiently with their concerns. Up to one‐third of people with dementia and informal caregivers were dissatisfied with information about management, prognosis, and strategies for living positively. Few people with dementia (22%) and informal caregivers (35%) received a care plan. People with dementia were more often satisfied with information, had more often confidence in their ability to live well with dementia, and were less often satisfied with access to care compared to informal caregivers. Informal caregivers who were satisfied with support were more satisfied with information and access to care compared to informal caregivers not satisfied with support.ConclusionsExperience of dementia support can be improved and people with dementia and informal caregiver differ in their experiences of support.
Serial SOFA‐score trends in ICU‐admitted COVID‐19 patients as predictor of 28‐day mortality: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Esmaeili Tarki Farzad , Afaghi Siamak , Rahimi Fatemeh Sadat , Kiani Arda , Varahram Mohammad , Abedini Atefeh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe efficacy of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score as predictor of clinical outcomes among ICU‐admitted COVID‐19 patients is still controversial. We aimed to assess whether SOFA‐score in different time intervals could predict 28‐day mortality compared with other well‐acknowledged risk factors of COVID‐19 mortality.MethodsThis observational prospective cohort was conducted on 1057 patients from March 2020 to March 2022 at Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Iran. The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analysis were performed to assess the hazards of SOFA‐score models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were designed to estimate the predictive values.ResultsMean SOFA‐score during first 96 h (HR: 3.82 [CI: 2.75–5.31]), highest SOFA‐score (HR: 2.70 [CI: 1.93–3.78]), and initial SOFA‐score (HR: 1.65 [CI: 1.30–2.11]) had strongest association with 28‐day mortality (p < .0001). In contrast, SOFA scores at 48 and 96 h as well as Δ‐SOFA: 48‐0 h and Δ‐SOFA: 96‐0 h did not show significant correlations. Among them, merely mean SOFA‐score (HR: 2.28 [CI: 2.21–3.51]; p < .001) remained as independent prognosticator on multivariate regression analysis; though having less odds of predicting value compared with age (HR: 3.81 [CI: 1.98–5.21]), hypertension (HR: 3.11 [CI: 1.26–3.81]), coronary artery disease [CAD] (HR: 2.82 [CI: 1.51–4.8]), and diabetes mellitus (HR: 2.45 [CI: 1.36–2.99]). The area under ROC (AUROC) for mean SOFA‐score (0.77) and highest SOFA‐score (0.71) were larger than other SOFA intervals. Calculating the first 96 h of SOFA trends, it was obtained that fatality rate was <12.3% if the score dropped, between 28.8% and 46.29% if the score remained unchanged, and >50.45% if the score increased.ConclusionTo predict the 28‐day mortality among ICU‐admitted COVID‐19 patients, mean SOFA upon first 96 h of ICU stay is reliable; while having inadequate accuracy comparing with well‐acknowledged COVID‐19 mortality predictors (age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, CAD). Notably, increased SOFA levels in the course of first 96 h of ICU‐admission, prognosticate at least 50% fatality regardless of initial SOFA score.
Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study
Authors: Momeni Khodamorad , Salimi Yahya , Majzoobi Mohammad Reza , Ziapour Arash , Janjani Parisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused new conditions such as nationwide quarantine, a dramatic decrease in‐person interaction and an increase in death anxiety for governments and people. The pandemic of an unpredictable disease with no definite treatment can pose physical and psychological risks to individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the state of anxiety, coping styles, and hopelessness of people in the lockdown period and reopening in Iran.MethodsIn this national population‐based cross‐sectional study, a total of 1191 people who had access to social networks from all over Iran completed the anxiety, hopelessness, and coping style questionnaires online using the snowball sampling method. Analysis was conducted using Stata software version 12 (Stat Corp). The significance level was set at 0.05.ResultsThe results of the study suggested that women experienced higher levels of anxiety than men, and, in stressful situations, women were more likely to use emotion‐focused coping styles, while men frequently used problem‐focused coping styles. The majority of participants reported moderate levels of anxiety and low levels of hopelessness (64.04%). The results of multiple linear regression show any level of anxiety mild (ß = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32–0.85), moderate (ß = 0.72, 95% CI: 1.36–1.08), and severe (ß = 2, 95% CI: 1.36–2.56) relative to the none anxiety significantly increase the hopelessness, Furthermore, showing a negative significant adjusted association with the problem‐focused coping style (ß = −0.06, 95% CI: −0.07 to −0.04), and a significant positive association with the emotion‐focused coping style (ß = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02–0.06).ConclusionOur findings could be used to prevent psychological damage in societies and suggested addressing problem‐focused coping style, especially during a crisis, and providing people with preprepared mental health protocols at this pandemic.
Polymorphisms of the interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) gene contribute to cervical cancer susceptibility in Bangladeshi women: A case‐control study
Authors: Shaswati Monishita , Oeishy Fihima Hossain , Mumu Sadia Biswas , Zahid Md Zahidul Islam , Hossain Murad , Haque Md Aminul , Reza Hasan Mahmud , Mostaid Md Shaki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCervical cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth in the lining of cervix and it is the second major cause of cancer‐related deaths among females in Bangladesh. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is a multifunctional cytokine that has been heavily linked with cervical cancer. Our aim was to investigate the association of two promoter single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ofIL‐6(rs1800795 and rs1800797) with the susceptibility of cervical cancer in Bangladeshi women.MethodsDNA was extracted from venous blood samples from cervical cancer patients (n = 126) and healthy controls (n = 120). Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for genotyping of the selected SNPs. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) andpvalues.ResultsWe found a significant association between rs1800795 and rs1800797 polymorphisms and cervical cancer. For, rs1800795 (G > C) the GC heterozygous genotype (OR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.55–5.07,p = 0.0007) and CC mutant homozygous genotype (OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.29–9.51,p = 0.014) conferred an increased risk of cervical cancer. In case of rs1800797 (G > A) polymorphism, the AG heterozygous genotype (OR = 6.94, 95% CI = 3.76–12.81,p < 0.0001) and AA mutant homozygous genotype (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = 1.12–13.51,p = 0.0332) also exhibited an elevated risk of cervical cancer. Use of contraceptives was found as risk factor and patients who smoke were carriers of both the risk alleles and thus had an increased risk of cervical cancer.ConclusionOur findings suggest that polymorphism of rs1800795 and rs1800797 of theIL‐6gene play a significant role in cervical cancer susceptibility in Bangladeshi women.
Road traffic accidental injuries and deaths: A neglected global health issue
Authors: Ahmed Sirwan K. , Mohammed Mona G. , Abdulqadir Salar O. , El‐Kader Rabab G. Abd , El‐Shall Nahed A. , Chandran Deepak , Rehman Mohammad E. Ur , Dhama Kuldeep 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcross the world, traffic accidents cause major health problems and are of concern to health institutions; nearly 1.35 million people are killed or disabled in traffic accidents every year. In 2019, 93% of road traffic injury‐related mortality occurred in low‐ and middle‐income countries with an estimated burden of 1.3 million deaths. This issue is growing; by 2030, road traffic injuries will be the seventh leading cause of death globally. The present report highlights an overview of road traffic accidents, accidental injuries, and deaths, associated risk factors, important precautions, safety rules, and counteracting management strategies. In modern cultures, road accidents are a major source of death and serious injuries. Road traffic injuries are a substantial yet underserved public health issue around the world that requires immediate attention. To prevent accidents in the long term, it is essential to adopt conservative preventive measures that can minimize collisions and promote a safe road environment.
When Does Hammond's Postulate Predict Stabilities of Carbocations?
Authors: Mayr Herbert , Ofial Armin R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHammond's postulate, which relates the rate of formation of an unstable intermediate to the energy of this intermediate, has widely been used to determine stabilities of carbocations. However, the rates of formation of highly stabilized carbocations R+ by ionization of R−X are only weakly or not at all correlated with their stabilities, because the corresponding activation energies are strongly affected by intrinsic barriers. In this article we will show that consideration of the rate of the reverse reaction allows one to define the range in which Hammond's postulate holds and when its predictive power fades as the role of intrinsic barriers is gaining importance. The ambiguity of the term “carbocation stability” is discussed. Kinetic data and quantum chemical calculations show that vinyl cations are not extraordinarily high energy intermediates, but that high intrinsic barriers account for their slow formation from vinyl halides and their rather slow reactions with nucleophiles.
Effect of COVID‐19 vaccinations on menstrual cycle and postmenopausal bleeding among health care workers: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Farah Stephanie , Hijazi Mariam , Aoun Eliane , Boueri Myriam , Nasr Elena , Chlala Walid , Salem Marie Josee , Moufawad Graziella , Farah Dany , El Hayek Pamela , Jallad Karl , Ghaname Wadih , Ziadeh Hanane 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination and its association with sociodemographic factors on the menstrual cycle in premenopausal women and on postmenopausal bleeding.MethodsThis is a retrospective cross‐sectional study conducted between September 22, 2022, and November 30, 2022, via a questionnaire distributed to 359 health care workers (HCWs) at Lebanese American University Medical Center–Rizk Hospital and St John's Hospital. Inclusion criteria included female Lebanese HCWs who were vaccinated and aged 18 to 65 years.ResultsChange in cycle length was significantly associated with age (P = 0.025 after the first dose and P = 0.017 after the second dose), level of education (P = 0.013 after the first dose and P = 0.012 after the second dose), and fibroids (P = 0.006 after the second dose and P = 0.003 after the third dose). The change in cycle flow was significantly associated with age (P = 0.028), fibroids (P = 0.002 after the second dose and P = 0.002 after the third dose), bleeding disorders (P = 0.000), and chronic medications (P = 0.007). The change in symptoms was associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (P = 0.021), chronic medications (P = 0.019 after the second dose and P = 0.045 after the third dose), and fibroids (P = 0.000).ConclusionCOVID‐19 vaccination can influence the menstrual cycle. Age, body mass index, level of education, underlying comorbidities, and use of chronic medications are significantly associated with changes in menstrual length, flow, and symptoms following vaccination.
Impact of COVID‐19 vaccination on menstrual cycle in women of reproductive age
Authors: Qazi Tanzeela Bashir , Dkhar Sabira Aalia , Quansar Ruqia , Khan S. Muhammad Salim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo study the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination on the menstrual cycle in response to concerns that the vaccines cause menstrual cycle disturbances and affect potential pregnancy.MethodAn online survey‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted from November 20 to 27, 2021. Study participants were women of reproductive age (15–49 years) and the study tool used was a semi‐structured pretested questionnaire. A total of 300 participants were recruited for the study.ResultsThe mean age (± standard deviation) of the participants was 26.2 ± 4.8 years. 232 participants (77.3%) were unmarried. Only 30 participants (10%) reported a change in the regularity of menstruation and 33 (11%) participants reported a change in cycle duration after vaccination.ConclusionIn the present study, a change in the regularity of menstrual cycles was reported in 30 (10%) of the participants and a change in the duration of the cycle was reported in 11% of the participants (33). There was a significant association between the type of vaccine used and the changes in the menstrual cycle after vaccination. However, its long‐term health implications are yet to be determined.
SUR7 deletion in Candida albicans impacts extracellular vesicle features and delivery of virulence factors
Authors: McKenna James A. , Garcia‐Ceron Donovan , Bleackley Mark R. , Yu Long , Bulone Vincent , Anderson Marilyn A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) from human fungal pathogens have been implicated in fungal virulence, yet little is known about their role in the host‐pathogen interaction. Progress has been hampered by the lack of a specific marker for fungal EVs that can be used to monitor EV isolation and tracking in biological systems. Here we report the effect of a SUR7 gene knockout on the production, properties, and role of EVs in the virulence of Candida albicans. Sur7 is a component of the membrane compartment of Can1 (MCC) complex and is enriched in the EVs from C. albicans and other fungal species. MCC is a plasma membrane complex which together with the eisosome, a cytoplasmic protein complex, is a key regulator in plasma membrane organisation and plasma membrane associated processes. The SUR7 knockout strain produces smaller EVs than the wild‐type (WT) with different protein and carbohydrate cargos. Furthermore, proteins with known roles in Candida pathogenesis were present in WT EVs and absent or diminished in the sur7Δ EVs. We demonstrate that the reduced virulence of the sur7Δ cells can be partially restored with EVs from a WT strain. These findings demonstrate the importance of Sur7‐like proteins in the biogenesis of EVs in fungi and enhance our understanding of the role of fungal EVs in human pathogenesis.
Development of a CRISPR/Cas12a‐recombinase polymerase amplification assay for visual and highly specific identification of the Congo Basin and West African strains of mpox virus
Authors: Yang Xinggui , Zeng Xiaoyan , Chen Xu , Huang Junfei , Wei Xiaoyu , Ying Xia , Tan Qinqin , Wang Yi , Li Shijun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHuman mpox is a zoonotic disease, similar to smallpox, caused by the mpox virus, which is further subdivided into Congo Basin and West African clades with different pathogenicity. In this study, a novel diagnostic protocol utilizing clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated 12a nuclease (CRISPR/Cas12a)‐mediated recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) was developed to identify mpox in the Congo Basin and West Africa (CRISPR‐RPA). Specific RPA primers targeting D14L and ATI were designed. CRISPR‐RPA assay was performed using various target templates. In the designed CRISPR‐RPA reaction system, the exponentially amplified RPA amplification products with a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) site can locate the Cas12a/crRNA complex to its target regions, which successfully activates the CRISPR/Cas12a effector and achieves ultrafast trans‐cleavage of a single‐stranded DNA probe. The limit of detection for the CRISPR‐RPA assay was 10 copies per reaction for D14L‐ and ATI‐plasmids. No cross‐reactivity was observed with non‐mpox strains, confirming the high specificity of the CRISPR‐RPA assay for distinguishing between the Congo Basin and West African mpox. The CRISPR‐RPA assay can be completed within 45 min using real‐time fluorescence readout. Moreover, the cleavage results were visualized under UV light or an imaging system, eliminating the need for a specialized apparatus. In summary, the developed CRISPR/RPA assay is a visual, rapid, sensitive, and highly specific detection technique that can be used as an attractive potential identification tool for Congo Basin and West African mpox in resource‐limited laboratories.
Serological responses to smallpox A33 antigen and monkeypox A35 antigen in healthy people and people living with HIV‐1 from Guangzhou, China
Authors: Dai Jun , Li Feng , Yang Yingyin , Tang Xiaoping , Li Linghua , Yu Haisheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeople are expected to have been previously vaccinated with a Vaccinia‐based vaccine, as until 1980 smallpox vaccination was a standard protocol in China. It is unclear whether people with smallpox vaccine still have antibody against vaccinia virus (VACV) and cross‐antibody against monkeypox virus (MPXV). Herein, we assessed the binding antibodies with antigen of VACV‐A33 and MPXV‐A35 in the general population and HIV‐1 infected patients. Firstly, we detected VACV antibody with A33 protein to evaluate the efficiency of smallpox vaccination. The result show that 29% (23 of 79) of hospital staff (age ≥ 42 years) and 63% (60 of 95) of HIV‐positive patients (age ≥ 42 years) from Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital were able to bind A33. However, among the subjects below 42 years of age, 1.5% (3/198) of the hospital volunteer samples and 1% (1/104) of the samples from HIV patients were positive for antibodies against A33 antigen. Then, we assessed the specific cross‐reactive antibodies against MPXV A35 protein. 24% (19 of 79) hospital staff (age〉 = 42 years) and 44% (42 of 95) of HIV‐positive patients (age〉 = 42 years) were positive. 98% (194/198) of the hospital staff and 99% (103/104) of the HIV patients had no A35‐binding antibodies. Further, we found significant sex differences for the reactivity to A35 antigen were observed in HIV population, but no significant sex differences in hospital staff. Further, we analyzed the positivity rate of anti‐A35 antibody of men who have sex with men (MSM) and non‐MSM in HIV patients (age〉 = 42years). We found that 47% of no‐MSM population and 40% of MSM population were positive for A35 antigen, with no significant difference. Lastly, we found only 59 samples were positive for anti‐A33 IgG and anti‐A35 IgG in all participants. Together, we demonstrated A33 and A35 antigens binding antibodies were detected in HIV patients and general population who were older than 42 years, and cohort studies only provided data of serological detection to support early response to monkeypox outbreak.