bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greener synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some coumarin analogues
Authors: Abdelaziem Anhar , Baaiu Basma S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Herein, a rapid, clean, less expensive and environmental friendly route to a novel series of coumarins bearing thiazoles or 1,3,4- H thiadiazoles was developed via grinding method. Thus, 6-bromo-3-(2-bromoacetyl)-2-chromen-2-one was treated with cyanothioacetamide to produce thiazole-2-acetonitrile derivative 2, which was then transformed to iminocoumarins by reacting with hydroxyaldehydes. Hydrolysis of iminocoumarins by Conc. HCl furnished coumarins. Furthermore, treatment of compound 2 with phenylisothiocyanate produced thioanilide. Reaction of the latter with hydrazonoyl halide and / or α-halocarbonyl compounds afforded 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole and thiophene derivative, consequently. All the newly prepared coumarins were screened against six pathogenic microorganisms. The results indicated that compounds 7 and 12 were the most effective against B. pumilis, while compound 4b was highly active against S. faecalis. Also, compound 5b was highly active against E. cloacae. Compounds 2 and 7 were higher active compared with reference drug ketoconazole against fungi S. cerevisiae.
Defect Passivation in Halide Perovskite Films by p-Methoxy Phenylacetonitrile for Improved Solar Cell Efficiency and Stability
Authors: Tang Jianyao , Wu Shenghan , AlMasoud Najla , Alomar Taghrid , Wasnik Priyanka , Li Handong , El-Bahy Zeinhom , Ren Junna , Li Xiaohui , Zhang Putao , Li Shengjun , Jiang Qinglong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The certification efficiency of halide perovskite solar cell is as high as 25.7%, which is one of the most efficient solar cells at present. However, the defects in the halide perovskite including grain boundary, interface defects and ionic defects often act as nonradiative composite sites, which lead to rapid degradation of halide perovskite films, deteriorate the performance of perovskite devices and lead to instability. In this work, a suitable multifunctional molecule additive p-Methoxy Phenylacetonitrile (pMP) is selected to improve the film and device stability. Specifically, pMP delays the crystallization rate of halide perovskite and promotes the formation of high-quality large grain halide perovskite films, and C ≡ N in pMP forms a coordination bond with Pb2+ and passivates the uncoordinated Pb2+ defects. Moreover, the π bonds increase electrons transport. In addition, the methoxy group in pMP forms an effective barrier on halide perovskite to enhance its water stability. With influence of the comprehensive effect of these factors of pMP, the PSC with pMP additive achieved the highest efficiency of 21.26%, and significantly improved the stability of moisture resistance.
Rooting of Aegiphila Brachiata Cuttings: Anatomical, Biochemical and Metabolomic Characterization
Authors: Maggioni Renata de Almeida , Vieira Leandro Marcolino , de Aguiar Natália Saudade , de Sá Francielen Paola , Carpanezzi Antonio Aparecido , Helm Cristiane Vieira , Sant’Anna-Santos Bruno Francisco , Koehler Henrique Soares , Zuffellato-Ribas Katia Christina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

To improve the production process of Aegiphila brachiata cuttings, the objective of this study was to evaluate the rhizogenic potential of cuttings from rejuvenated and adult mother plants collected in different seasons; we also characterized anatomically the cutting base, analyzed phenolic compounds and proteins contents, and identified polar metabolites. Two rooting experiments were carried out with cuttings from rejuvenated and adult mother plants, both collected in the four seasons of the year, submitted to treatments with indole butyric acid (0, 2000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 mg L− 1 IBA), and kept in a greenhouse for 45 days. The experimental design was completely randomized in a double factorial scheme for cutting experiments (5 [IBA] x 4 seasons), and for biochemical analyses (2 mother plants x 4 seasons, material collected in the moment of rooting experiment installation and after 45 days); for metabolomic characterization, the 2 mother plants were evaluated only at summer experiment installation. Propagules from rejuvenated mother plants collected in the spring are more viable and indicated to produce A. brachiata cuttings (25.25% rooting), not requiring the use of IBA. Despite the higher rooting rate of cuttings from rejuvenated mother plants, there are no anatomical differences from adult mother plants cuttings. The highest contents ​​of phenolic compounds were observed in propagules from rejuvenated mother plants in spring, indicating a positive effect of these compounds on the rhizogenic process. Maleic acid, 2-hydroxy-glutaric acid, mannose-6-phosphate, ribonic acid, glycine, and phosphoric acid were found in higher concentrations in cuttings from rejuvenated mother plants, with possible beneficial physiological effects on cuttings rooting.
Spatial and single-cell transcriptomics reveal the regional division of the spatial structure of NASH fibrosis
Authors: Li Minran , Li Jin-zhong , Ye Li-hong , Li Ni , Huang Xin , Liang Xu-jing , Zhang Hai-cong , Liu Zhi-quan , Zhang Xue-dong , Li Jun-qing , Liu Yun-yan , Li Tao-yuan , Yang Liu , Li Jie-ying , Cao Yang , Pan Yun , Lin Xun-ge , Pan Calvin Q. , Dai Er-hei , Li Min-ran 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective: To reveal the regional division of the spatial structure of NASH fibrosis and the communication relationship between cells in different regions and to analyse specific marker genes as potential therapeutic targets for NASH fibrosis.
Methods: The liver sections of healthy controls, NAFL patients and NASH patients were measured by spatial transcriptomics, and integration analysis was performed with single-cell RNA-seq. Differential expression, functional pathway prediction, and deconvolution analysis revealed lineage-specific changes in gene expression, subpopulation composition and intercellular communication in NASH and identified key genes involved in HSC activation. The role of key genes in NASH fibrosis was verified in vitro and in vivo.
Result: Descending and clustering analysis of 4114 nuclei from liver tissues of healthy controls, NAFL, and NASH showed that the distribution of cluster5 (fibrotic region) is dominated by lobules, and a small amount of fibrosis can be seen in the sink area. Functional analysis suggested that differentially expressed genes of cluster5 were concentrated in ECM structural components and signalling molecules. Six cell types were obtained by integrating the single-cell sequencing dataset (GSE189175). Compared with the healthy control and NAFL groups, the NASH group had significantly increased proportions of HSCs and myofibroblasts, which were distributed in the lobule and the portal area around the fibrotic area. Simultaneously, the infiltration of Kupffer cells around the fibrotic area also increased. The cell communication analysis showed that diffusive cell communication was the main type, including endocrine, paracrine and autocrine communication, followed by ECM-receptor cell communication. According to the analysis of differentially expressed genes in the subsets, AEBP1 and DPT are relatively highly expressed in cluster5, as well as in HSCs and myofibroblasts. SCENIC analysis found that AEBP1+ and DPT+ myoblasts were involved in the activation of HSCs and fibrosis formation. Immunohistochemistry verified the high expression of AEBP1 and DPT in patients with NASH fibrosis. After transfection of AEBP1 and DPT interference fragments in LX2 cells in vitro, the mRNA level of Collagen Ⅰ in cells was significantly lower than that of the siRNA-NC group and blank control group.
Conclusion: Our study is the first to reveal lineage-specific changes in gene expression, subpopulation composition and cell communication in NASH fibrosis, providing new directions for potential therapeutic targets for NASH fibrosis.
Oral Candida Lesions and Candida tropicalis: Potential Prognostic Markers in End-of-Life Cancer Patients
Authors: Shimosato Maiko , Kada Shinpei , Yase Eriko , Sakane Naoki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose.
To evaluate the distribution of oral candidosis lesions and Candida species as prognostic indicators in palliative care patients with end-of-life cancer.
Methods.
We consecutively included palliative care patients and diagnosed oral candidosis in them using microbiological techniques. Samples were collected from the buccal mucosa using cotton swabs and inoculated onto CHROMagar culture plates. The extent of oral lesions was classified using Kodsi's grade, ranging from no extent (no pseudomembrane) to grade 1 and ≥ grade 2. We assessed the association between oral candidosis and overall survival using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for clinically relevant factors.
Results.
We included 142 patients (median age 77 years; 52.8% female), and the prevalence of oral candidosis was 76.1%. The most common Candida species identified was Candida albicans (C. albicans) (80.6%). Extensive oral candidosis lesions were classified as no extent, grade 1 (28.7%) or ≥ grade 2 (14.8%). During the observation period, multivariate Cox proportional hazards models revealed that the existence of oral lesions ≥ grade 2 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.18–3.54; p = 0.011) and the presence of Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) (aHR = 2.38; 95% CI:1.03–5.55; p = 0.044) were predictive factors.
Conclusion.
The severity of oral candidosis lesions and presence of Candida species, particularly C. tropicalis, might be prognostic indicators in patients with end-of-life cancer. These findings may help deliver prognosis-based oral care to such patients, improving their quality of life and mortality.
Optimized thermoelectric performance driven by A-site deficient in SrxLa0.1TiO3/Ti composites
Authors: Lou Zhihao , Zhang Ping , Chen Penghui , Wei Ziyao , Gou Jianjun , Xu Jie , Gong Chunlin , Gao Feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

For thermoelectric applications at high temperatures, perovskite SrTiO3 is a promising contender as an n-type oxide thermoelectric (TE) material. In this work, SrxLa0.1TiO3/Ti composite ceramics were successfully synthesized by solid state reaction with a combination of the A-site cation vacancy and fabricating composite. Through XRD and SEM analysis, a complex microstructure composed of two kinds of titanium oxides was formed after reductive sintering and annealing. In addition, controlling the content of Sr vacancies in the SrxLa0.1TiO3 matrix increased the thermoelectric power factor by optimizing the weighted mobility in the composite, resulting in the highest power factor PF of 425.8 µWm− 1K− 2 and the maximum ZT of 0.16 for the Sr0.875La0.1TiO3/Ti composite through the synergistic optimization of electrical and thermal transport properties. The strategy proposed in this study of design A-site-deficient composites with nano-sized metal paved a new way to fabricate high performance oxide thermoelectric materials.
A novel micro-CT analysis for evaluating the regenerative potential of bone filler xenografts in rabbit calvarias
Authors: Beitlitum Ilan , Rayyan Fatma , Pokhojaev Ariel , Tal Haim , Sarig Rachel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Guided Bone Regeneration is a common procedure, yet, as new grafting materials are being introduced into the market, a reliable evaluation method is required. Critical size defect in animal models provides a valid simulation, followed by histological sections to evaluate bone formation. However, histology is destructive, two dimensional and technique-sensitive. In this study we developed a novel volumetric Micro-CT analysis to quantify new bone formation characteristics. Eight adult female New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to calvarial critical size defects. Four circular defects, 8-mm in diameter were preformed in each animal, to allow random allocation of four treatment modalities. All calvarias were scanned using Micro-CT. Each defect was segmented into four equal parts: pristine bone, outer, middle, and inner. Amira software was used to calculate the percentage of new bone volume in each region and compare it to that of the pristine bone. All grafting materials demonstrated that new bone formation decreased as it moved inward. Only the inner region differed across grafting materials (p=0.001). The new Micro-CT analysis allowed us to divide each defect into 3D regions providing better understanding of the bone formation process. Amongst the various advantages of the Micro-CT, it enables us to independently quantify the filler materials and the newly formed bone, and to describe the defect morphology in 3D (bi- vs. uni-cortical defects). Micro-CT will probably become a standard tool for animal model research in the future, owing to the quantitative 3D data and accuracy that it provides. As new materials are introduced into dental practice, new quantitative methods are required to evaluate grafting material properties. Providing an insight into the inner region of the defect can better predict the regenerative potential of the bone replacement filler, therefore, the suggested Micro-CT analysis is beneficial for further development of clinical approaches.
Disrupted morphological brain network organization in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Liang Lingyan , Wei Yichen , Liu Ying , Li Xiaocheng , Zhang Zhiguo , Li Linling , Deng Demao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

We aim to investigate the underlying neuropathological mechanisms of alternations in gray matter for subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from the perspective of the human connectome. High-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired from 54 SCD patients, 95 MCI, and 65 healthy controls (HC). Morphological brain networks (MBN) were constructed using similarities in the distribution of grey matter volumes between regions. Structural connectivity strength and topographic metrics were compared, and the relationship to disease severity was assessed. We found significantly decreased structural connectivity strength of MBN between the SMN and VAN subnetworks was observed for SCD. The graph-theoretic analysis illustrated disruptions in the whole network organization, where the normalized shortest path increased and the global efficiency decreased in the MCI group compared to the SCD group. In addition, Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores of SCD patients had a significantly negative correlation with global efficiency. In summary, the SCD and MCI groups showed different patterns of disruptions in the morphological grey matter network. The present study could provide new sight into the mechanism of AD in terms of MBN.
Reduction in limb-movement complexity at term-equivalent age is associated with motor developmental delay in very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Authors: Park Myung Woo , Shin Hyung-Ik , Bang Moon Suk , Kim Don-Kyu , Shin Seung Han , Kim Ee-Kyung , Lee Eun Sun , Shin Hyun Iee , Lee Woo Hyung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Reduced complexity during the writhing period can be a crucial characteristic of spontaneous movements in infants at high-risk for neurologic impairment. The aim of this study was to verify the association between quantified complexity of the upper- and lower-limb movements at term-equivalent age and motor development in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.
Methods: Video images of spontaneous movements at term-equivalent age and clinical data were collected prospectively from very preterm or very low birth weight infants in this study. A pretrained pose-estimation model and sample entropy (SE) were employed to extract positional coordinates and quantify the complexity of the upper- and lower-limb movements. The motor development of infants was evaluated at 9 months of corrected age using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III). The SE measures of the upper and lower limbs were compared between infants with and without motor developmental delay (MDD).
Results: Among a total of 90 consecutive infants, there were 11 infants with MDD. SE values for most of the upper and lower limbs during spontaneous movement were significantly reduced in infants with MDD compared to those without MDD (p<0.05). The composite scores for the motor domain of BSID-III showed significant positive correlations with SE values in most upper and lower limbs during spontaneous movements (p<0.05).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the complexity of limb movements in very preterm or very low birth weight infants at term-equivalent age was reduced in infants with MDD at 9 months of corrected age. SE of limb movements can be a potentially useful kinematic parameter to detect high-risk infants for MDD.
Headache as a characteristic of biopsy-confirmed giant cell arteritis in Japanese patients and the relationship of transmural inflammation with superficial temporal artery tenderness and chordal thickening: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Shimohama Sho , Imai Noboru , Tsubata Takuya , Shinohara Kei , Moriya Asami , Yagi Nobuyasu , Konishi Takashi , Serizawa Masahiro , Tashiro Kazuhiro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Headache is an important clinical feature of giant cell arteritis (GCA), and biopsy is important for diagnosing GCA. However, no report has examined the clinical features of pathologically confirmed GCA, including headaches, in detail. Thus, we aimed to investigate detailed characteristics of GCA, including headache, and the relationship between pathological findings and clinical symptoms.
Methods: We retrospectively identified 26 patients (median age; 77.5 years, male; 38.4%) with GCA who underwent superficial temporal artery (STA) biopsy at the Japanese Red Cross Shizuoka Hospital between May 2001 and February 2022. All patients met the GCA diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology and the European League Against Rheumatism. We focused on the relationship between clinical features, such as headaches, and pathological findings.
Results: Twenty-four patients had a headache that tended to be unilateral, non-pulsatile, and intermittent. Transmural inflammation (TMI), a characteristic pathological finding of GCA, was observed in 14 patients. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between TMI and STA tenderness (p=0.046) and between TMI and STA chordal thickening (p=0.021).
Conclusions: Headaches in patients with GCA were often unilateral, non-pulsatile, and intermittent. Furthermore, this study is the first to report that TMI is significantly associated with STA tenderness and ligamentous thickening. We showed that abnormal STA findings were significantly related to GCA pathological findings; thus, it is necessary to pay attention to abnormal STA findings when suspecting GCA.
Serum apolipoproteins (apoA-1, apoB and apoB/apoA-1 ratio) for early identification of dyslipidemia in children with CKD
Authors: Kumar Akshay , Mantan Mukta , Mahajan Bhawna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Dyslipidemia in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is identified based on lipid profile parameters; however changes in lipoprotein quality precede quantitative changes.
Aims and Objectives
The primary objective of the study was to determine prevalence of dyslipidemia and estimate levels of apoB, apoA-1 and ratio of apoB/apoA-1 in children and adolescents (2-18 years) with CKD (all stages).
Methods
A cross-sectional study was done from January-October 2021; overweight, obese children, known cases of diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism or on steroid therapy or lipid lowering drugs were excluded. Clinical details were elicited and examination done. Besides hemogram, kidney function tests, liver function tests, Total cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoproteins A-1 and B were estimated to identify dyslipidemia. Relevant tests of significance were applied and ROC curves were drawn for apoA-1, apoB and apoB/apoA-1 ratios.
Results
76 (61M: 15 F) children with median (IQR) age 7 (3.25-11) years were enrolled; cause of CKD was CAKUT in 82.3% patients. Dyslipidemia was seen in 78.9% with a prevalence of 71.7% in early and 95.7% in later stages of CKD (P=0.02). The median (IQR) values of apoB, apoA-1, and apoB/apoA-1 ratio were 78(58-110) mg/dl, 80(63-96.75) mg/dl, 0.88 (0.68-1.41) respectively; apoB, apoA-1 and apoB/apoA-1 ratio had a sensitivity of 26.67%, 86.67% and 70% and specificity of 87.5%, 62.5%, 62.5% respectively for diagnosis of dyslipidemia. The ROC for apoB, apoA-1 and apoB/apoA-1 ratio showed AUC of 0.66, 0.68, 0.74 (P= 0.4, 0.02, <0.01) respectively.
Conclusions
The prevalence (78.9%) of dyslipidemia was high in patients with CKD especially in those with later stages. The ratio of apoB/apoA-1 was altered early and appears to be promising for early detection.
Recognizing the Risk Group:Level of Sexual/Reproductive Health Literacy Among Turkish Youth and Influencing Factors
Authors: Cetin Serpil Abali , Uzunal Aslı 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
One of the most important determinants of recognizing risk groups in terms of sexual and reproductive health is to reveal sexual/reproductive health literacy. This research was conducted as a cross-sectional and descriptive study to determine the sexual and reproductive health literacy perception and views of Turkish young people and to identify the factors affecting their sexual and reproductive health literacy perception level.
Methods
The sample consisted of 880 young individual. Data were collected by simple random sampling method with an online questionnaire form consisting of Descriptive Characteristics and Self-Assessment sections.
Results
According to the results, while the sexual and reproductive health literacy level of the participants were high, their behavior scores were of found to be lower in regard to speaking about/ expressing themselves comfortably about sexuality.
Conclusion
The factors affecting this level were determined to be as SH knowledge level, status of starting sexual intercourse, and status of understanding SH knowledge, respectively, according to the influence coefficient.