bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design Rules for Addressing Material Asymmetry Induced by Templated Epitaxy for Integrated Heteroepitaxial On‐Chip Light Sources
Authors: Shang Chen , Hughes Eamonn T. , Begley Matthew R. , Koscica Rosalyn , Fouchier Marc , Feng Kaiyin , He William , Wan Yating , Leake Gerald , Ludewig Peter , Bowers John E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntegrating quantum dot (QD) gain elements onto Si photonic platforms via direct epitaxial growth is the ultimate solution for realizing on‐chip light sources. Tremendous improvements in device performance and reliability have been demonstrated in devices grown on planar Si substrates in the last few years. Recently, electrically pumped QD lasers deposited in narrow oxide pockets in a butt‐coupled configuration and on‐chip coupling have been realized on patterned Si photonic wafers. However, the device yield and reliability, which ultimately determines the scalability of such technology, are limited by material uniformity. Here, detailed analysis is performed, both experimentally and theoretically, on the material asymmetry induced by the pocket geometry and provides unambiguous evidence suggesting that all pockets should be aligned to the [1 ] direction of the III‐V crystal for high yield, high performance, and scalable on‐chip light sources at 300 mm scale.
A Supertough, Nonflammable, Biomimetic Gel with Neuron‐Like Nanoskeleton for Puncture‐Tolerant Safe Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Sifan , He Xuewei , Hu Ting , He Yan , Lv Shanshan , Ji Zhongfeng , Zhu Zhiwei , Fu Xuewei , Yang Wei , Wang Yu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo overcome the critical safety and performance issues of lithium metal batteries, it is urgent to develop advanced electrolytes with multi‐defensive properties against fire, mechanical puncture, and dendrite growth simultaneously, in addition to high ion‐conductivity. However, realizing these essential properties by one electrolyte has proved to be extremely challenging due to the inherent conflicts among them. Herein, to circumvent this challenge, a neuron‐like gel polymer electrolyte (simply referred as Neu‐PE) to simultaneously achieve supertoughness, nonflammability, dendrite‐suppression capability and self‐driven property is reported. This Neu‐PE takes advantage of nano‐phase separation regulated by highly ion‐conductive deep‐eutectic solvent. As a result, the Neu‐PE holds high ambient ionic conductivity (1.27±0.09 mS cm−1), super‐toughness and strength (22.52 MJ m−3 and 13.5±0.6 MPa), fire resistance and importantly, lithium‐metal anode protection capability. Lithium metal batteries assembled with this multi‐defensive Neu‐PE can work normally even under metal‐probe puncture or serious damage by cutting.
Surface Miscible Structure Modulation of Li‐Rich Cathodes by Dual Gas Surface Treatment for Super High‐Temperature Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Yang Yaru , Zhu Qingjun , Yang Jiayi , Liu Han , Ren Yang , Sui Xulei , Wang Panpan , Sun Gang , Wang Zhenbo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLi‐rich manganese base oxides (LRNCM) are regarded as one of the most promising cathode materials among next‐generation high‐energy density Li‐ion batteries due to the coupling effect of anion and cation redox. However, serious oxygen release, surface structure corrosion, and transformation seriously damage their electrochemical performance and restrict their commercialization process. Herein, a dual gaseous surface treatment strategy with ammonium bicarbonate is designed to reconstruct the surface chemical and structural characteristics of LRNCM. As a result, an enriched oxygen vacancies mixed‐phase surface layer is achieved, which contains spinel phase and cation‐disordered phase. The integration of the surface mixed phase effectively inhibits irreversible oxygen loss, prevents electrode corrosion, and promotes fast Li‐ion diffusion. Accordingly, the modified cathode exhibits excellent specific capacity, high‐rate capability, and superior cycle life at both 25 and 60 °C. Particularly at high temperatures, it achieves impressive performance: initial coulombic efficiency (82.0 vs 74.4%), cycling stability at 1 C after 100 cycles (92.6 vs 83.8%), and rate performance at 5 C (56.0 vs 48.7%). This reconfiguration approach introduces a novel idea for the design of cathode material interfaces.
Clinical Translation of Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Ghodasara Aayushi , Raza Aun , Wolfram Joy , Salomon Carlos , Popat Amirali 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) occur in a variety of bodily fluids and have gained recent attraction as natural materials due to their bioactive surfaces, internal cargo, and role in intercellular communication. EVs contain various biomolecules, including surface and cytoplasmic proteins; and nucleic acids that are often representative of the originating cells. EVs can transfer content to other cells, a process that is thought to be important for several biological processes, including immune responses, oncogenesis, and angiogenesis. An increased understanding of the underlying mechanisms of EV biogenesis, composition, and function has led to an exponential increase in preclinical and clinical assessment of EVs for biomedical applications, such as diagnostics and drug delivery. Bacterium‐derived EV vaccines have been in clinical use for decades and a few EV‐based diagnostic assays regulated under Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments have been approved for use in single laboratories. Though, EV‐based products are yet to receive widespread clinical approval from national regulatory agencies such as the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and European Medicine Agency (EMA), many are in late‐stage clinical trials. This perspective sheds light on the unique characteristics of EVs, highlighting current clinical trends, emerging applications, challenges and future perspectives of EVs in clinical use.
Plasma‐Derived Nanoclusters for Site‐Specific Multimodality Photo/Magnetic Thrombus Theranostics
Authors: Liu Chia‐Hung , Liu Ming‐Che , Jheng Pei‐Ru , Yu Jiashing , Fan Yu‐Jui , Liang Jia‐Wei , Hsiao Yu‐Cheng , Chiang Chih‐Wei , Bolouki Nima , Lee Jyh‐Wei , Hsieh Jang‐Hsing , Mansel Bradley W , Chen Yan‐Ting , Nguyen Hieu Trung , Chuang Er‐Yuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTraditional thrombolytic therapeutics for vascular blockage are affected by their limited penetration into thrombi, associated off‐target side effects, and low bioavailability, leading to insufficient thrombolytic efficacy. It is hypothesized that these limitations can be overcome by the precisely controlled and targeted delivery of thrombolytic therapeutics. A theranostic platform is developed that is biocompatible, fluorescent, magnetic, and well‐characterized, with multiple targeting modes. This multimodal theranostic system can be remotely visualized and magnetically guided toward thrombi, noninvasively irradiated by near‐infrared (NIR) phototherapies, and remotely activated by actuated magnets for additional mechanical therapy. Magnetic guidance can also improve the penetration of nanomedicines into thrombi. In a mouse model of thrombosis, the thrombosis residues are reduced by ≈80% and with no risk of side effects or of secondary embolization. This strategy not only enables the progression of thrombolysis but also accelerates the lysis rate, thereby facilitating its prospective use in time‐critical thrombolytic treatment.
Linker Engineering of Sandwich‐Structured Metal–Organic Framework Composites for Optimized Photocatalytic H2 Production
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Ai Zhiwen , Niu Xinwei , Yang Weijie , Kang Rong , Lin Zhongyuan , Waseem Amir , Jiao Long , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile the microenvironment around catalytic sites is recognized to be crucial in thermocatalysis, its roles in photocatalysis remain subtle. In this work, a series of sandwich‐structured metal–organic framework (MOF) composites, UiO‐66‐NH2@Pt@UiO‐66‐X (X means functional groups), is rationally constructed for visible‐light photocatalytic H2 production. By varying the ─X groups of the UiO‐66‐X shell, the microenvironment of the Pt sites and photosensitive UiO‐66‐NH2 core can be simultaneously modulated. Significantly, the MOF composites with identical light absorption and Pt loading present distinctly different photocatalytic H2 production rates, following the ─X group sequence of ─H > ─Br > ─NA (naphthalene) > ─OCH3 > ─Cl > ─NO2. UiO‐66‐NH2@Pt@UiO‐66‐H demonstrates H2 production rate up to 2708.2 µmol g−1 h−1, ≈222 times that of UiO‐66‐NH2@Pt@UiO‐66‐NO2. Mechanism investigations suggest that the variation of the ─X group can balance the charge separation of the UiO‐66‐NH2 core and the proton reduction ability of Pt, leading to an optimal activity of UiO‐66‐NH2@Pt@UiO‐66‐H at the equilibrium point.
Out‐of‐Plane Bi2O2Se Nanoflakes for Sensitive Gate‐Tunable Phototransistors
Authors: Fan Sidi , Yang Weiyu , Yang Heng , Wu Yuting , Deng Jiajun , Zhang Jing , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhototransistors based on 2D materials exhibit gate‐voltage‐tunable performance, by which the key device parameters such as the photoresponsivity and photoconductive gain could easily surpass the photodetectors without the photomultiplication effects. Phototransistors with the light‐absorption material of 2D Bi2O2Se are rising due to its desirable material properties, such as small effective electron mass, high carrier mobility, and ultrafast intrinsic non‐equilibrium carrier recombination. The in‐plane growth of Bi2O2Se is prevailing on mica substrate, where the interfacial electrostatic interaction exists in between. Crystal quality degradation caused by the organic contaminants and corrosive acids, nevertheless, is unavoidable during transfer procedures to other substrates. In this work, different out‐of‐plane growth modes of Bi2O2Se are achieved, more specifically, whisker‐like, square‐ and rectangular‐shaped flakes are obtained with optimized growth parameters. The pristine interfaces are preserved in the phototransistors with the clean transfer of Bi2O2Se nanoflakes and the electrodes. A photoresponsivity of over 105 A W−1 and a record‐high response speed of 0.32 ms are achieved for the phototransistors fabricated based on the out‐of‐plane Bi2O2Se nanoflakes. Furthermore, trap state occupation with photoinduced carriers is modulated with gate voltages and explored under cryogenic conditions for improving the device performance.
Palladium‐Catalysed Amide‐Directed Ligand Free C8‐Olefination of 1‐Naphthamides for the synthesis of 2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[de]isoquinolin‐1‐ones
Authors: Maji Suman , Pradhan Sukumar , Pidiyara Karishma , Maiti Siddhartha , Al‐Thabaiti Shaeel A. , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work describes the palladium(II)‐catalyzed regioselective C8‐H olefination of 1‐naphthamides. Interestingly, naphthamide fused lactam 2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[de]isoquinolin‐1‐one derivatives were also synthesized in the case of a particular class of napthamides. This protocol was found well compatible with a diverse range of acrylates and styrenes leading to product formation in good yields along with a wide functional group tolerance. The developed strategy was further applied to the synthesis of different drug derivatives.
Strategy to Construct Polycyclic Scaffolds via Formal Aza‐Diels‐Alder Reaction of Dihydro‐β‐Carboline with Heterodiene Precursor
Authors: Zhang Xiaoke , Wei Jinding , Zhu Minghong , Yang Dezhi , Pan Yang , Shao Huawu , Wang Chaoyong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe formal aza‐Diels‐Alder reaction of dihydro‐β‐carboline with heterodiene mediated by caesium carbonate has been described. This pathway provided a mild approach to functionalized polycyclic frameworks in 41%–91% yields.
High Performance Amorphous In0.5Ga0.5O Thin‐Film Transistor Embedded with Nanocrystalline In2O3 Dots for Flexible Display Application
Authors: Rabbi Md. Hasnat , Ali Arqum , Park Chanju , Jang Jin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance, coplanar amorphous In0.5Ga0.5O (a‐IGO) thin film transistor (TFT) on a polyimide (PI) substrate deposited by spray pyrolysis (SP) is reported. The SP a‐IGO film deposited at 370 °C has less than 8% nanocrystalline‐In2O3 dots and a mass density of 6.6 g cm−3. The a‐IGO TFT on PI exhibits linear mobility over 30 cm2 V−1 s−1 and a negligible shift in threshold voltage (ΔVTH = <0.3 V) under positive bias (+20 V) at 60 °C for 1 h. The TFT performance is stable even when bent to a radius of ≈1 mm. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results of the SP a‐IGO deposited at 370 °C indicate the O‐vacancy (Vo) related defects of 25.79% and hydroxyl (OH) at less than 3%, indicating a good active/gate insulator interface. A seven‐stage ring oscillator made of SP a‐IGO TFTs exhibits a high oscillation frequency (>2.3 MHz) with a low propagation delay time of ≈30 ns per stage at a supply voltage (VDD) of 15 V. The fabricated gate shift register circuit works up to the last stage without any decrement of the input voltage (15 V) with rising and falling times less than 0.8 µs. Therefore, the coplanar a‐IGO TFT by SP deposited at 370 °C is a promising candidate for low‐cost, flexible TFT backplanes of foldable electronics.
Transparent and Stretchable Piezoresistive Strain Sensors with Buckled Indium Tin Oxide Film
Authors: Kong Miao , Xiang Zhao , Xu Xinyu , Ma Shuguang , Chen Cai , Wang Xiaolong , Li Kan , Wei Deyuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOwing to excellent performance and a simple mechanism, stretchable piezoresistive strain sensors have been applied to human skin for monitoring physical activities, physiological activities, etc. However, it is still a challenge to simultaneously realize highly sensitive and stretchable piezoresistive strain sensors with high optical transparency. This study reports a transparent and stretchable piezoresistive strain sensor with 2D surface buckling by fabricating ultrathin indium tin oxide (ITO) film on the biaxially pre‐stretched polyacrylate (VHB) elastomer followed by pre‐stretch releasing. To the authors' knowledge, semiconductors are applied for a stretchable piezoresistive strain sensor for the first time. Furthermore, this strain sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 569, a high transparency of 88% and a high biaxial stretchability of 110% at the same time. This device demonstrates the good long‐term stability over 500 stretching–relaxing cycles. The high sensitivity can be mainly attributed to the piezoresistive effect of the semiconductor where carrier mobility and the resulting resistivity can be significantly changed by the strain. The strain sensors attached to human skin are used to monitor many human motions such as chewing, swallowing, breathing, and walking. ITO‐based strain sensors pave the way toward the development of highly stretchable and sensitive wearable electronics.
Enhancing the Whole Migration Kinetics of Na+ in the Anode Side for Advanced Ultralow Temperature Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitor
Authors: Ruan Jiafeng , Luo Sainan , Wang Shaofei , Hu Jiaming , Fang Fang , Wang Fei , Chen Min , Zheng Shiyou , Sun Dalin , Song Yun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBoosting the ultralow temperature (below −30 °C) performance of Na‐ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs), which integrate the high energy density of batteries with the high output power and long life of supercapacitors, is critical for the application of advanced electronics in extreme environments. However, their low‐temperature performance, especially fast charging capability, is hindered by difficult desolvation and slow pass solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) together with sluggish diffusion within the electrode. Herein, a “single‐solute–single‐solvent” electrolyte is developed and a through‐hole hollow carbon sphere (TH‐HCS) is constructed, and it is demonstrated through theoretical calculations and experimental investigations that the weakly solvated structure and high ionic conductivity facilitate the Na+ transportation at low temperatures, the highly fluorinated SEI facilitates the Na+ migration, and the through‐hole hollow structure alleviates the volume expansion during sodiation, thus ensuring fast kinetics and structural stability. As expected, TH‐HCS using this electrolyte exhibits a high specific capacity of 87.5 mAh g−1 after 11 000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1 and −40 °C. Coupled with activated carbon, the assembled SIHC displays an energy density of 106.1 and 52.0 Wh kg−1 at 25 and −40 °C, respectively, far exceeding the performance of commercial energy storage systems at low temperature.
Variability of morphological descriptors in Sicilian oat (Avena sativa L.) populations
Authors: Carrubba Alessandra , Di Salvo Francesca , Marceddu Roberto , Sarno Mauro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to its rusticity and feasibility of use, oat (Avena sativa L.) represents a crucial agronomic and economic resource for many semiarid environments. Presently, the recourse to new commercial varieties has caused a dramatic lowering of areas covered with the traditional local genotypes, and a severe risk of genetic erosion is emerging. To deepen the knowledge about the autochthonous oat populations, an activity of collection and cataloging across semiarid cropping areas was carried out. Sixteen oat populations were collected from different areas of Sicily and put in a field study for two consecutive years (2014 and 2015) in the experimental farm “Sparacia” (Cammarata, Italy). In both years and all populations, 21 morphological characters, related to different aspects of the whole plant or plant parts, were measured as described in the guidelines Community Plant Variety Office—Office Communautaire des Varietes Vegetales (CPVO‐OCVV) (rif. CPVO‐TP/020/2). Multivariate analysis (MA) was applied to assess the similarity/dissimilarity level among populations, also evaluating the relative discriminatory importance of each selected plant character. Although a strong variability between years did not allow perfect discrimination among genotypes, an association between oat groups emerged based on their prevalent utilization form. Among categorical characters, measurements on glumes and grain provided the best characterization of the populations in both years.
Efficacy and safety of the C5 inhibitor crovalimab in complement inhibitor‐naive patients with PNH (COMMODORE 3): A multicenter, Phase 3, single‐arm study
Authors: Liu Hui , Xia Linghui , Weng Jianyu , Zhang Fengkui , He Chuan , Gao Sujun , Jia Jinsong , Chang Alice C. , Lundberg Pontus , Shi Jane , Sima Camelia S. , Sostelly Alexandre , Sreckovic Sasha , Xiao Zhenyu , Zhang Zilu , Fu Rong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Phase 3 single‐arm COMMODORE 3 study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04654468) evaluated efficacy and safety of crovalimab (novel C5 inhibitor) in complement inhibitor‐naive patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). COMMODORE 3 enrolled patients from five China centers. Eligible complement inhibitor‐naive patients with PNH were ≥12 years old, had lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥2 × upper limit of normal (ULN), and had ≥4 transfusions of packed red blood cells within the prior 12 months. Patients received crovalimab loading doses (one intravenous, four subcutaneous) and subsequent every‐4‐weeks subcutaneous maintenance doses per weight‐based tiered‐dosing schedule. Co‐primary efficacy endpoints were mean proportion of patients with hemolysis control (LDH ≤1.5 × ULN) from Week (W)5 through W25 and difference in proportion of patients with transfusion avoidance from baseline through W25 versus within 24 weeks of prescreening in patients who had ≥1 crovalimab dose and ≥1 central LDH assessment after first dose. Between March 17 and August 24, 2021, 51 patients (15–58 years old) were enrolled; all received treatment. At primary analysis, both co‐primary efficacy endpoints were met. Estimated mean proportion of patients with hemolysis control was 78.7% (95% CI: 67.8–86.6). Difference between proportion of patients with transfusion avoidance from baseline through W25 (51.0%; n = 26) versus within 24 weeks of prescreening (0%) was statistically significant (p < .0001). No adverse events led to treatment discontinuation. One treatment‐unrelated death (subdural hematoma following a fall) occurred. In conclusion, crovalimab, with every‐4‐weeks subcutaneous dosing is efficacious and well tolerated in complement inhibitor‐naive patients with PNH.
Early initiation of B‐vitamin supplementation may reduce symptoms and explain intrafamilial variability: Insights from two sibling pairs from the TANGO2 natural history study
Authors: Miyake Christina Y. , Ehsan Saad A. , Zhang Lilei , Mackenzie Samuel J. , Azamian Mahshid S. , Scott Daryl A. , Hernandez‐Garcia Andres , Lalani Seema R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTANGO2‐deficiency disorder (TDD) is an autosomal recessive condition arising from pathogenic biallelic variants in the TANGO2 gene. TDD is characterized by symptoms typically beginning in late infancy including delayed developmental milestones, cognitive impairment, dysarthria, expressive language deficits, and gait abnormalities. There is wide phenotypic variability where some are severely affected while others have mild symptoms. This variability has been documented even among sibling pairs who share the same genotype, but reasons for this variability have not been well understood. Emerging data suggest a potential link between B‐complex or multivitamin supplementation and decreased metabolic crises in TDD. In this report, we describe two sibling pairs from unreladiagnosed with TDD with marked differences in symptoms. In both families, the older siblings suffered multiple metabolic crises and are clinically more affected than their younger siblings who have very mild to no symptoms; they are the least impaired among 70 other patients in our ongoing international natural history study. Unlike their older siblings, the two younger siblings started taking B‐complex vitamins early between 9 and 16 months. This report delineates the mildest presentation of TDD in two families. These data may support a role for early diagnosis and initiation of vitamin supplementation to not only prevent metabolic crises but also improve neurologic outcomes in this life‐threatening disorder.
Isolated frontosphenoidal craniosynostosis: An argument for genetic testing
Authors: Hodapp Matthew , Hing Anne V. , Gallagher Emily , Blessing Matthew , Cunningham Michael L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIsolated frontosphenoidal craniosynostosis (IFSC) is a rare congenital defect defined as premature fusion of the frontosphenoidal suture in the absence of other suture fusion. Until now, IFSC was regarded as a phenomenon with an unclear genetic etiology. We have identified three cases with IFSC with underlying syndromic diagnoses that were attributable to pathogenic mutations involving FGFR3 and MN1, as well as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. These findings suggest a genetic predisposition to IFSC may exist, thereby justifying the recommendation for genetic evaluation and testing in this population. Furthermore, due to improved imaging resolution, cases of IFSC are now readily identified. With the identification of IFSC with underlying genetic diagnoses, in combination with significant improvements in imaging resolution, we recommend genetic evaluation in children with IFSC.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Sulfonamidation of Arylazo Sulfonesthrough One‐Pot Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Luu Truong Giang , Kim Hee‐Kwon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSulfonamide is one of the most important structures in organic chemistry due to its frequent appearance in natural products as well as pharmaceuticals. This study reports a visible‐light‐promoted strategy for synthesis of sulfonamides from arylazo sulfones. One‐pot tri‐component reactions were conducted using arylazo sulfones, DABSO, and amines in the presence of CuBr2 as a coupling catalyst under irradiation with blue LEDs to prepare various sulfonamides in good yields under mild conditions. This method could be used effectively to produce a variety of useful sulfonamides.