bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying quality: The impact of measures of school quality on children's academic achievement across diverse societies
Authors: Rawlings Bruce S. , Davis Helen Elizabeth , Anum Adote , Burger Oskar , Chen Lydia , Morales Juliet Carolina Castro , Dutra Natalia , Dzabatou Ardain , Dzokoto Vivian , Erut Alejandro , Fong Frankie T. K. , Ghelardi Sabrina , Goldwater Micah , Ingram Gordon , Messer Emily , Kingsford Jessica , Lew‐Levy Sheina , Mendez Kimberley , Newhouse Morgan , Nielsen Mark , Pamei Gairan , Pope‐Caldwell Sarah , Ramos Karlos , Rojas Luis Emilio Echeverria , dos Santos Renan A. C. , Silveira Lara G. S. , Watzek Julia , Wirth Ciara , Legare Cristine H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent decades have seen a rapid acceleration in global participation in formal education, due to worldwide initiatives aimed to provide school access to all children. Research in high income countries has shown that school quality indicators have a significant, positive impact on numeracy and literacy—skills required to participate in the increasingly globalized economy. Schools vary enormously in kind, resources, and teacher training around the world, however, and the validity of using diverse school quality measures in populations with diverse educational profiles remains unclear. First, we assessed whether children's numeracy and literacy performance across populations improves with age, as evidence of general school‐related learning effects. Next, we examined whether several school quality measures related to classroom experience and composition, and to educational resources, were correlated with one another. Finally, we examined whether they were associated with children's (4–12‐year‐olds, N = 889) numeracy and literacy performance in 10 culturally and geographically diverse populations which vary in historical engagement with formal schooling. Across populations, age was a strong positive predictor of academic achievement. Measures related to classroom experience and composition were correlated with one another, as were measures of access to educational resources and classroom experience and composition. The number of teachers per class and access to writing materials were key predictors of numeracy and literacy, while the number of students per classroom, often linked to academic achievement, was not. We discuss these results in the context of maximising children's learning environments and highlight study limitations to motivate future research.Research Highlights
We examined the extent to which four measures of school quality were associated with one another, and whether they predicted children's academic achievement in 10 culturally and geographically diverse societies.
Across populations, measures related to classroom experience and composition were correlated with one another as were measures of access to educational resources to classroom experience and composition.
Age, the number of teachers per class, and access to writing materials were key predictors of academic achievement across populations.
Our data have implications for designing efficacious educational initiatives to improve school quality globally.
Inhibiting cholinergic signalling in the cerebellar interpositus nucleus impairs motor behaviour
Authors: Pickford Jasmine , Iosif Cristiana I. , Bashir Zafar I. , Apps Richard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe role of neuromodulators in the cerebellum is not well understood. In particular, the behavioural significance of the cholinergic system in the cerebellum is unknown. To investigate the importance of cerebellar cholinergic signalling in behaviour, we infused acetylcholine receptor antagonists, scopolamine and mecamylamine, bilaterally into the rat cerebellum (centred on interpositus nucleus) and observed the motor effects through a battery of behavioural tests. These tests included unrewarded behaviour during open field exploration and a horizontal ladder walking task and reward‐based beam walking and pellet reaching tasks. Infusion of a mix of the antagonists did not impair motor learning in the horizontal ladder walking or the reaching task but reduced spontaneous movement during open field exploration, impaired coordination during beam walking and ladder walking, led to fewer reaches in the pellet reaching task, slowed goal‐directed reaching behaviour and reduced reward pellet consumption in a free access to food task. Infusion of the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine on its own resulted in deficits in motor performance and a reduction in the number of reward pellets consumed in the free access to food task. By contrast, infusion of the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine on its own had no significant effect on any task, except beam walking traversal time, which was reduced. Together, these data suggest that acetylcholine in the cerebellar interpositus nucleus is important for the execution and coordination of voluntary movements mainly via muscarinic receptor signalling, especially in relation to reward‐related behaviour.
Quality matters: Stoichiometry of resources modulates spatial feedbacks in aquatic‐terrestrial meta‐ecosystems
Authors: Pichon Benoît , Thébault Elisa , Lacroix Gérard , Gounand Isabelle 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpecies dispersal and resource spatial flows greatly affect the dynamics of connected ecosystems. So far, research on meta‐ecosystems has mainly focused on the quantitative effect of subsidy flows. Yet, resource exchanges at heterotrophic‐autotrophic (e.g. aquatic‐terrestrial) ecotones display a stoichiometric asymmetry that likely matters for functioning. Here, we joined ecological stoichiometry and the meta‐ecosystem framework to understand how subsidy stoichiometry mediates the response of the meta‐ecosystem to subsidy flows. Our model results demonstrate that resource flows between ecosystems can induce a positive spatial feedback loop, leading to higher production at the meta‐ecosystem scale by relaxing local ecosystem limitations (‘spatial complementarity’). Furthermore, we show that spatial flows can also have an unexpected negative impact on production when accentuating the stoichiometric mismatch between local resources and basal species needs. This study paves the way for studies on the interdependency of ecosystems at the landscape extent.
Dose‐dependent bidirectional pharmacological effects of vinorelbine‐based metronomic combination chemotherapy on tumor growth and metastasis and mechanisms in melanoma mouse model
Authors: Liu Hua , Zheng Qiaowei , Li Min , Kou Jianrong , Wei Junsong , Feng Weiyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is evidence that the empirical setting of doses and schedules of antineoplastic agents in metronomic chemotherapy (MC) might lead to undesirable outcomes, such as promoting tumor growth or metastasis at certain low doses. However, details about the dose effect of antineoplastic agents in MC have not been fully known yet.ObjectivesVinorelbine combined with cisplatin or fluorouracil (VNR/CDDP or VNR/FU) was selected to investigate its effects on tumor growth or metastasis as well as mechanisms.MethodsExperimental techniques, including immunohistochemistry, western blot, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry, were used to explore the mechanisms, along with cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion.ResultsThe results showed that VNR/CDDP or VNR/FU promoted tumor growth and metastasis at low doses and inhibited them at high ones. Except that expressions of apoptotic proteins were elevated at both low and high doses, low‐dose treatments enhanced angiogenesis and promoted the mobilization and recruitment of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), while high‐dose treatments reversed these effects. Additionally, low concentrations of VNR/CDDP or VNR/FU stimulated tumor cell functions such as anti‐apoptosis, migration, and invasion, but high concentrations only suppressed cell proliferation and increased apoptosis.ConclusionThis study elucidated a bidirectional action mode regulated by multiple mechanisms at different doses in MC and also highlighted the risks of low‐dose metronomic administration of antineoplastic agents in the clinic. More preclinical and clinical studies focusing on the dose‐effect of metronomic regimens are urgently needed because an effective therapeutic regimen should be an optimal setting of drugs, doses, schedules, or combinations.
Whole crop maize yield modeling based on regional climatic data considering cultivar maturity grouping
Authors: Peng Jinglun , Kim Ji Yung , Lee Baehun , Kim Byongwan , Sung Kyungil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe sustainable supply of whole crop maize (WCM, Zea mays L.), as the domestic high‐quality forage source, is causing great concern among the related parties in the Republic of Korea. Many new cultivars were introduced or developed in recent decades. This study was conducted to construct the WCM weather‐crop yield prediction model considering cultivar maturity as well as to evaluate the effects of local climatic factors on yield. Data on the nationwide adaptability tests of WCM cultivars and the meteorological data were collected and merged into a dataset (n = 386, 22 years) after data cleansing. Three climatic variables, including the accumulation values of growing degree days, precipitation, and sunshine hours from seeding to harvesting, were generated. Then, the dataset was split into two sub datasets considering cultivar maturity. Subsequently, the models, including the three climatic variables and the cultivated location, were constructed for both sub datasets. The finesses and accuracy of the models were confirmed by residual diagnostics and 3‐fold cross‐validation. The accumulated temperature, sunshine time, and precipitation were found to significantly affect the WCM yield variance, while the precipitation factor caused stresses to the yield, which indicates water management is important for WCM cultivation.
Distribution patterns of orchid bees in xeric and mesic habitats on a tropical mountaintop
Authors: De Freitas Catarina Dias , Novais Samuel , Dos Santos Júnior José Eustáquio , Resende Fernando M. , Oki Yumi , Fernandes Geraldo Wilson 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Most studies evaluating insect communities along climatic gradients in mountain regions have overlooked the relevance of the contrasting effects of xeric and mesic habitats on species distribution and richness. Mesic zones in xeric ecosystems can provide more favorable conditions for the maintenance of some insects, including orchid bees (Apidae, Euglossini), which are known for their high species diversity in humid tropical forests.
For the first time, we sought to understand the distribution of Euglossini in xeric and mesic habitats during dry and wet seasons along an elevational gradient in Espinhaço mountains, southeastern Brazil.
The study collected 4873 orchid bees from three genera and 14 species. During the wet season, bee richness decreased with elevation in both xeric and mesic habitats. However, during the dry season, there was an increase in both bee richness and abundance at intermediate elevations. In the dry season, lower bee richness and abundance were recorded in xeric habitats compared with mesic habitats. Bee richness and abundance did not differ between the dry and wet seasons for mesic habitats, while lower richness and abundance were recorded in the dry season for xeric habitats. Species composition remained unchanged across habitats, and species turnover was identified as the primary driver of β‐diversity among elevations and seasons.
Orchid bees require high temperatures, but they cannot tolerate water stress in xeric habitats during the dry season. This highlights the importance of mesic habitats for maintaining these pollinators, which are essential for ecosystems in savanna and mountainous regions.
Does it fit? The relationships between personality, decision autonomy fit, work engagement, and emotional exhaustion in self‐managing organizations
Authors: Doblinger Maria , Class Janina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe novel organizational form of self‐managing organizations decentralizes decision authority, thus promising higher adaptability and sustainability. However, recent practical experiences showed that such organizations struggle with employee turnover and lack of engagement, and thus, levers to improve personnel selection are required. This work investigated the relationship between person‐environment fit regarding perceived and ideal decision autonomy and the employee outcomes of work engagement and emotional exhaustion in self‐managing organizations. Furthermore, the associations with personality traits were examined. The study relied on cross‐sectional survey data from two subsamples of employees working in self‐managing and traditional organizations. Group comparison was used to test the elevated level of decision autonomy in self‐managing organizations, polynomial regression with response surface analysis was used to investigate the effect of (mis‐)fit, and multiple regression analyses evaluated the relationship with personality traits. The findings showed that employees in self‐managing organizations experienced higher decision autonomy than those in traditional organizations. Additionally, the fit between ideal and perceived decision autonomy predicted higher work engagement, while extraversion, openness to experience, and low neuroticism predicted higher ideal decision autonomy. As a result, individual person‐environment fit regarding decision autonomy and personality requires attention in self‐managing organizations to engage employees. The findings imply that the effect of decision autonomy on engagement is not positive per se but depends on the intraindividual characteristics, which must be of concern when decentralizing decision authority organization‐wide. Therefore, personnel selection and recruitment processes in self‐managing organizations should consider ideal decision autonomy and personality traits as assessment criteria.
What is in a number? Some reflections on disaster displacement modelling
Authors: Buhaug Halvard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe rise in global displacement has inspired a wave of quantitative comparative research in recent years. While deeper systematic knowledge on contextual determinants of disaster‐related mobility and associated risks is in high demand, quantitative modelling of human displacement should be exercised with care. In this commentary, I reflect on three central challenges related to the quality of available displacement statistics. Future scientific progress in this field would benefit tremendously from harmonization and validation of displacement data that separate between distinct mobility responses.
Double displacement of refugees in the context of the 2023 Turkey‐Syria earthquake
Authors: Sevinin Eda , Danış Didem , Sert Deniz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis commentary is based on our observations during our fieldwork in the earthquake region in Turkey that took place in February 6, 2023 in 11 provinces where 49% of the entire Syrian population in Turkey live. In this commentary, we focus on the case of Syrians, who have been subject to what we call double displacement. Syrian refugees who were already displaced due to the war and faced with many problems in establishing a new life in Turkey once again lost their homes and livelihoods due to the earthquake, exposing them to increased risks and vulnerability.
RETRACTED: Antibiofilm and antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus cell free supernatant against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wounds
Authors: Asadzadegan Reza , Haratian Negar , Sadeghi Mahsa , Maroufizadeh Saman , Mobayen Mohammadreza , Sedigh Ebrahim Saraei Hadi , Hasannejad‐Bibalan Meysam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present study investigated the antimicrobial and anti‐biofilm effects of indigenous Lactobacillus probiotic strains on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infection in laboratory conditions. The effect of 7 probiotic strains isolated from infant faeces on the pathogenicity factors of P. aeruginosa, including protease, elastase, antibiofilm and antipyocyanin was measured. Also, diffusion methods in the well and micro broth dilution were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of probiotics. All tests were performed in triplicate. A negative control and a positive control were used for each test. SPSS version 22 software was used for statistical analysis, and a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 30 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were isolated. The elastolytic activity of P. aeruginosa isolates decreased after adding Cell free supernatant (CFS) of each Lactobacillus. L1, L4, L5, and L6 strains had a 100% inhibitory effect on pathogen isolates. L3 and L7 strains had the lowest inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect of CFS extracted from lactobacilli on protease production by P. aeruginosa. L1, L4, L5, and L6 strains had an inhibitory effect on all tested isolates. L2, L3, and L7 strains had a less inhibitory effect. L4 strain had the highest inhibitory effect on pyocyanin production by P. aeruginosa (50%), followed by L5 (43.3%), L1 (40%), and L6 (23.3%) strains. L3 and L7 strains had no inhibitory effect on the pyocyanin production of P. aeruginosa isolates. It was found that the CFS of 4 isolates (L1, L4, L5, and L6) was the most active extract and had a 100% inhibitory effect against biofilm formation of all P. aeruginosa strains. The L3 strain had the least inhibitory effect against the biofilm formation of pathogens. Overall, this study showed that probiotics could be promising alternatives to combat the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa in burn wounds.
Methods for sampling wound fluid from venous leg ulcers for molecular analyses: A scoping review
Authors: McDaniel Jodi Christine , Kim Bohyun , McGowan Dina Rose 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDetermining the precise role of molecular factors present in venous leg ulcer exudate will expedite the identification of biomarkers that can optimally guide treatment. However, there is now no standardized approach for collecting, processing and storing wound fluid samples for molecular analyses. This scoping review was conducted to integrate and summarize the multiple types of methods being used currently in studies of venous leg ulcers for collecting, processing and storing wound fluid prior to analysis. PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched for eligible studies between 2012 and 2022. Nineteen studies were selected for this scoping review. Five primary methodological categories for wound fluid sampling were identified. The most commonly used collection method involved extracting the fluid from various absorbent materials, and the majority of studies centrifuged wound fluid before storing it at ultra‐low temperatures. This review found the wound fluid sampling methods among the included studies to be heterogeneous. Moreover, the data revealed no definitive patterns. There is a critical need to develop standardized wound fluid sampling methods in research to facilitate accurate comparisons of biomarker data across studies and a more rapid determination of biomarkers that can most effectively guide delivery of tailored venous leg ulcer treatments.
Family involvement in dementia special care units in nursing homes: A qualitative care ethical study into family experiences
Authors: Hovenga Nina , Landeweer Elleke , Vinckers Floor , Leget Carlo , Zuidema Sytse 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the moral dimension of family experiences with being involved in the care of their loved one with dementia in the nursing home, using the care ethical framework of Tronto.DesignThis qualitative study used a care ethical approach in which empirical data and care ethical theory were dialectically related and mutually informing.MethodsFifteen close family members of nursing home residents with dementia were interviewed between February 2020 and October 2020. Forty‐two interviews were conducted, based on a semi‐structured open‐ended design. A thematic narrative approach combined with the five phases of care as defined by Tronto was used to analyse the empirical data. Subsequently, Tronto's identified ethical qualities were used to identify the moral dimension of these empirical findings.ResultsWe found that in the care process (1) family can find it difficult to recognize their loved one's care needs; (2) both family and staff are reluctant to discuss the allocation of responsibilities with each other; (3) family sometimes feels insecure when it comes to connecting with their loved one; (4) family is often reluctant to provide feedback to staff when they are critical about the care that has been given; and (5) family is generally mild in judging staff, due to staff shortages. The care ethical interpretation of these findings showed that the moral qualities of attentiveness, responsibility, competence, responsiveness, and solidarity are under pressure to a certain extent.ConclusionFamily experiences moral distress during the care process, which hinders family involvement in nursing homes for people with dementia.ImpactNursing home staff can look for and pilot strategies focused on supporting families to act more in accordance with the moral qualities that are under pressure. This can improve family involvement in practice.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient/Public Contribution.Implications for Practice/PolicyNursing home staff paying more attention to families' emotional struggles related to the decline of their loved one, could help families to be more attentive to noticing true care needs of the resident. Both family and nursing home staff should take more often initiatives to evaluate the division of care responsibilities with each other. Nursing home staff should help family connect with their loved one during their visits if they experience difficulties in doing so. Nursing home staff taking more often initiatives to contact family and ask them how they perceive the care for their loved one, can positively affect the responsiveness of both family and staff. It would be helpful if nursing home management could ensure the presence of sufficient and qualified staff so that the first four phases of the care process are not hindered by the lack of staff.
Evidence of increasing juvenile white sharks' (Carcharodon carcharias) habitat use at the Northern Channel Islands
Authors: Freedman Ryan M. , Anderson James M. , Caldow Chris , Stirling Brian , Rex Patrick , Spurgeon Emily , McCullough Steve , Lyons Kady , May Jack , White Connor F. , Logan Ryan K. , Meese Emily , Burns Echelle S. , Clevenstine Alyssa J. , O' Sullivan John , Winkler Chuck , Duncan Lizzie , Cajandig Mari , Lowe Christopher G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractJuvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) typically aggregate along coastal beaches; however, high levels of recruitment and shifting oceanographic conditions may be causing habitat use expansions. Telemetry data indicate increased habitat use at the Northern Channel Islands (California, USA) by juvenile white shark that may be in response to increased population density at aggregation locations, or anomalous oceanographic events that impact habitat use or expand available habitat. Findings illustrate the need for long‐term movement monitoring and understanding drivers of habitat use shifts and expansion to improve ecosystem management.