bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural network combining with clinical ultrasonography: A new approach for classification of salivary gland tumors
Authors: Tu Cheng‐Hung , Wang Rui‐Teng , Wang Bo‐Sen , Kuo Chih‐En , Wang En‐Ying , Tu Ching‐Ting , Yu Wan‐Nien 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveLittle information is available about deep learning methods used in ultrasound images of salivary gland tumors. We aimed to compare the accuracy of the ultrasound‐trained model to computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging trained model.Materials and methodsSix hundred and thirty‐eight patients were included in this retrospective study. There were 558 benign and 80 malignant salivary gland tumors. A total of 500 images (250 benign and 250 malignant) were acquired in the training and validation set, then 62 images (31 benign and 31 malignant) in the test set. Both machine learning and deep learning were used in our model.ResultsThe test accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of our final model were 93.5%, 100%, and 87%, respectively. There were no over fitting in our model as the validation accuracy was similar with the test accuracy.ConclusionsThe sensitivity and specificity were comparable with current MRI and CT images using artificial intelligence.
Getting from valid to useful: End user modifiability and human capital analytics implementation in selection
Authors: Downes Patrick E. , Harris T. Brad , Allen David G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA major problem in employee selection coalesces around convincing decision‐makers (e.g., hiring managers) to use analytically derived models. Existing recommendations in the literature largely focus on convincing executives to adopt analytical models and then exert their top‐down influence on lower‐level hiring decisions. In contrast to these solutions, we explore end user modifiability (i.e., allowing decision‐makers to modify a statistical model before use) as a bottom‐up approach for increasing hiring managers' implementation of analytical recommendations. From a utility standpoint, we consider how incorporating end user modifiability into hiring decisions will result in a less statistically valid, but potentially more valuable, organizational selection process. We explore these ideas in two studies. In Study 1, we experimentally test whether model modification increases decision‐maker reliance on a statistical model, as well as how much decision‐makers need to modify a model in order to use it. In Study 2, we examine the extent that modifiability introduces implicit biases that might adversely affect marginalized groups. Results suggest that modifiability can increase decision‐makers' perceived usefulness of a model and, importantly, that only a small amount of modifiability is needed to elicit this effect. Further, end user modifications were statistically insignificant predictors of hiring rates across race‐based subgroups, though supplementary analyses suggest important cautionary nuance. Given that analytical models are rarely perfectly or wholly implemented, end user modifiability may offer a viable solution for organizations seeking to increase the implementation of algorithmic guidance in selection decisions, even if it deviates modestly from a statistical optimality.
Multi‐year high‐frequency sampling provides new runoff and biogeochemical insights in a discontinuous permafrost watershed
Authors: Shatilla Nadine J. , Tang Weigang , Carey Sean K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPermafrost‐underlain watersheds in the subarctic are sensitive to warming as small changes in ground thermal status will alter all components of the hydrological cycle. Globally, observed increases in winter flows and shifting water chemistry have most often been ascribed to permafrost thaw and deepening runoff pathways. However, there remain few studies in headwater catchments that examine coupled flow‐chemistry relations at high frequency over multiple years and seasons to evaluate the implications of environmental change. In this study, we use multi‐year high‐frequency measurement of discharge, specific conductance (SpC) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) along with traditional grab sampling of major ions to understand the sources and pathways of water and evaluate how distinct solutes are mobilized in a well‐studied subarctic basin in Yukon, Canada. Seasonally, the catchment exhibited considerable hysteresis in flow‐solute relations and had both chemostatic and dilution SpC–Q patterns with respect to major ions depending upon season and mobilization CDOM–Q signals. Storm events were extracted from high‐frequency data and normalized C–Q indices were determined and related to flow, catchment and meteorological variables. CDOM–Q events predominantly had an anti‐clockwise hysteresis and increases in DOC concentrations during storms, with some exception in the spring and fall. Conversely, SpC–Q events exhibited clockwise hysteresis and a dilution behaviour during events with less seasonal or inter‐annual variability. Information from this study supports previous conceptual models of thermally regulated runoff generation in a layered soil profile, yet also points to the importance of lateral connectivity and distal sources of solutes.
Decline of pesticide residue on treated crop seeds: An analysis of comprehensive industry data and implications of the current risk assessment scheme for plant protection products
Authors: Hahne Jörg , Foudoulakis Manousos , Kragten Steven , Patterson David , Sprenger Dennis , Ristau Kai , Guckland Anja , Wang Magnus 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
For plant protection products applied as seed treatments, the risk to birds and mammals possibly feeding on treated seeds must be addressed in the EU to register products for commercial use. One assumption of the Tier 1 long-term risk assessment of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is that residues of pesticides on treated seeds do not decline over time after seeding. Consequently, a time-weighted average factor (fTWA) of 1 (i.e., no dissipation) is used to calculate residue concentrations on seeds. In contrast, for spray applications, a default dissipation half-life (DT50) of 10 days is considered corresponding to an fTWA of 0.53. The aim of this study was to establish a default fTWA for treated seeds based on 29 industry-conducted seed dissipation studies, providing 240 datasets covering different active substances, crops, and regions. For fTWA calculation, two approaches were used: (i) kinetic fitting and (ii) using measured data without kinetic fitting. From kinetic fitting, 145 reliable DT50 values were obtained. Because there were no significant differences in DT50 values between crops and between the central and southern EU, the DT50 data from all studies were pooled. The geometric mean DT50 was 3.8 days and the 90th percentile was 13.0 days, corresponding to 21-day fTWA values of 0.27 and 0.59, respectively. Twenty-one-day fTWA values could be calculated directly from measured residues for 204 datasets. The resulting 21-day fTWA values were comparable with those from kinetic fitting (geometric mean: 0.29, 90th percentile: 0.59). The results demonstrate that residue decline on seeds is comparable with foliar dissipation after spray applications. Therefore, the risk assessment scheme by EFSA should implement a default fTWA &lt; 1.0 in the Tier 1 risk assessment for treated seeds (e.g., either 0.53 as for foliage or 0.59, the 90th percentile fTWA in seeds reported in this study). Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:239–247. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Germ‐Free C57BL/6 Mice Have Increased Bone Mass and Altered Matrix Properties but Not Decreased Bone Fracture Resistance
Authors: Vahidi Ghazal , Moody Maya , Welhaven Hope D. , Davidson Leah , Rezaee Taraneh , Behzad Ramina , Karim Lamya , Roggenbeck Barbara A. , Walk Seth T. , Martin Stephen A. , June Ronald K. , Heveran Chelsea M. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe gut microbiome impacts bone mass, which implies a disruption to bone homeostasis. However, it is not yet clear how the gut microbiome affects the regulation of bone mass and bone quality. We hypothesized that germ‐free (GF) mice have increased bone mass and decreased bone toughness compared with conventionally housed mice. We tested this hypothesis using adult (20‐ to 21‐week‐old) C57BL/6J GF and conventionally raised female and male mice (n = 6–10/group). Trabecular microarchitecture and cortical geometry were measured from micro–CT of the femur distal metaphysis and cortical midshaft. Whole‐femur strength and estimated material properties were measured using three‐point bending and notched fracture toughness. Bone matrix properties were measured for the cortical femur by quantitative back‐scattered electron imaging and nanoindentation, and, for the humerus, by Raman spectroscopy and fluorescent advanced glycation end product (fAGE) assay. Shifts in cortical tissue metabolism were measured from the contralateral humerus. GF mice had reduced bone resorption, increased trabecular bone microarchitecture, increased tissue strength and decreased whole‐bone strength that was not explained by differences in bone size, increased tissue mineralization and fAGEs, and altered collagen structure that did not decrease fracture toughness. We observed several sex differences in GF mice, most notably for bone tissue metabolism. Male GF mice had a greater signature of amino acid metabolism, and female GF mice had a greater signature of lipid metabolism, exceeding the metabolic sex differences of the conventional mice. Together, these data demonstrate that the GF state in C57BL/6J mice alters bone mass and matrix properties but does not decrease bone fracture resistance. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Kangfuxin Accelerates Extraction Socket Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis Via Upregulation of CCL2 in Stem Cells
Authors: Gao Zheng‐Rong , Zhou Ying‐Hui , Zhao Ya‐Qiong , Zhao Jie , Ye Qin , Zhang Shao‐Hui , Feng Yao , Tan Li , Liu Qiong , Chen Yun , Ouyang Ze‐Yue , Hu Jing , Dusenge Marie Aimee , Feng Yun‐Zhi , Guo Yue 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTKangfuxin (KFX) shows potential in wound healing, but its role in socket healing is unclear. This research finds increased bone mass, mineralization, and collagen deposition in KFX‐treated mice. Mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are treated with KFX under osteogenic induction. RNA‐sequencing reveals upregulated chemokine‐related genes, with a threefold increase in chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (Ccl2). The conditioned medium (CM) of hPDLSCs and hDPSCs treated with KFX promotes endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Ccl2 knockdown abolishes CM‐induced endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis, which can be reversed by recombinant CCL2 treatment. KFX‐treated mice showed increased vasculature. In conclusion, KFX increases the expression of CCL2 in stem cells, promoting bone formation and mineralization in the extraction socket by inducing endothelial cell angiogenesis. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Structural, electronic, magnetic and thermoelectric properties of Tl2NbX6 (X = Cl, Br) variant perovskites calculated via density functional theory
Authors: Ali Malak Azmat , Bahajjaj Aboud Ahmed Awadh , Al‐Qaisi Samah , Sillanpää Mika , Khan Afzal , Wang Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article presents detailed structural, electronic, magnetic, and thermoelectric properties of two experimentally existing isostructural variant perovskite compounds Tl2NbX6 (X = Cl, Br) with the help of first principles calculations. As per requirement of stability in the device applications, the structural and thermodynamic stabilities were, respectively verified by tolerance factor and negative formation energies. The structural parameters in ferromagnetic phase were calculated and found in close agreement with the available experimental results. The electronic nature was found as half metallic from spin polarized calculations of electronic band structures and density of states, where the semiconductor nature was found in the spin down states and metallic nature in the spin up states. The magnetic moments of both the compounds were calculated as 1 μB majorly contributed by Nb atom. The Boltzmann transport theory was implemented via BoltzTraP for calculating the spin resolved thermoelectric parameters, such as Seebeck coefficient, electronic and thermal conductivities, and figure of merit. Overall, both the compounds were found suitable for use in spintronics and spin Seebeck effect for energy applications.
Removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by zinc oxide‐montmorillonite composite
Authors: Wang Danqi , Wang Ruicong , Peng Wencai , Wang Yi , Zhang Na , Huang Minghui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCu(II) is considered to be a heavy metal ion that is quite hazardous to water.AimsZinc oxide‐montmorillonite composite (ZnO‐Mt) for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions.Materials & MethodsZnO‐Mt was prepared through ion exchange followed by heat treatment to form a highly effective adsorbent.ResultsThe structure and morphology of the composite were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and it was found that Zinc oxide was successfully coated on montmorillonite. The composite has a superior removal effect on Cu(II) in an aqueous solution with an adsorption capacity of 192.89 mg·g−1. The adsorption kinetic model and the adsorption isotherm model are described by the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation and the Langmuir equation, respectively. The activation energy (Ea) was 84.18 kJ·mol−1, indicating that the adsorption was dominated by chemisorption. In addition, ZnO‐Mt can be applied in a wide pH range (3 ~ 8) and exhibits satisfactory selectivity for the adsorption of Cu(II) in the presence of coexisting cations. The removal efficiency of ZnO‐Mt for Cu(II) remains at 72% of the fresh adsorbent after five cycles.DiscussionA combination of experiment, characterization, and density functional theory analysis showed that the mechanism of Cu(II) removal was mainly surface complexation, ion exchange, and electrostatic attraction.ConclusionTherefore, the ZnO‐Mt composite is a promising and efficient adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions.
Getting political: The value‐protective effects of expressed outgroup outrage on self‐brand connection
Authors: Kermani M. Saeid , Noseworthy Theodore J. , Darke Peter R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBrands are increasingly engaging in social marketing campaigns that take stances on important social issues. Such campaigns can garner considerable awareness and effectively encourage consumers to purchase the focal brand. However, they can also outrage other consumer segments who disapprove of the brand's social stance. While social campaigns that outrage consumer groups would normally be undesirable, our research investigates how they can alternatively have a positive impact for brands that support the attacked value. This prediction is based on the premise that outrage expressed towards a social campaign threatens the value involved, causing consumers who want to defend that value to engage in symbolic protective responses by strengthening self‐brand connections and increasing purchase intentions. Five experiments validate this theorizing, and further show that these social threat effects are moderated by the type of outgroup that expressed the outrage and the level of viral support the expressed outrage received. Implications for the social marketing and brand relationship literatures are discussed.
A qualitative study exploring LGBTQ genetic counseling students' relationships with peers and faculty in graduate school
Authors: Chu Valerie , Zayhowski Kimberly , Collin Cali‐Ryan , Carmichael Nikkola 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ) students in healthcare professional programs face discrimination in their training, leading them to hide their identities and hindering their ability to form as meaningful connections with their classmates and faculty as non‐LGBTQ students. To date, no studies have been published characterizing the LGBTQ student experience in genetic counseling programs. However, other historically oppressed groups such as Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) genetic counseling students report feelings of isolation and negative impacts on mental health due to their racial or ethnic identity. This study explored how LGBTQ identity impacted relationships between genetic counseling students and their classmates and faculty in graduate school. In this qualitative study using constructivist grounded theory, 13 LGBTQ students and recent graduates of Canadian and American accredited genetic counseling programs were interviewed via videoconferencing. Participants reported determinants in self‐disclosing their LGBTQ identity to their classmates and faculty and described ways in which their LGBTQ identity impacted relationships with individuals in their training programs. In particular, many described an overall heteronormative training environment, a hesitation to disclose their identity to faculty due to the professional nature of the relationship, and a sense of isolation. Participants also described the ways in which intersecting minoritized identities impacted their experiences as an LGBTQ student. This research contributes to the minimal literature about LGBTQ genetic counseling student experiences and has implications for addressing cisheteronormative curricula and attitudes in genetic counseling programs.
Spatio‐temporal changes in pre‐exposure prophylaxis uptake among MSM in mainland France between 2016 and 2021: a Bayesian small area approach with MSM population estimation
Authors: Wang Haoyi , Molina Jean‐Michel , Dray‐Spira Rosemary , Schmidt Axel J. , Hickson Ford , van de Vijver David , Jonas Kai J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn France, oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention has been publicly available since 2016, mainly targeting at men who have sex with men (MSM). Reliable and robust estimations of the actual PrEP uptake among MSM on a localized level can provide additional insights to identify and better reach marginalized MSM within current HIV prevention service provision. This study used national pharmaco‐epidemiology surveillance data and regional MSM population estimations to model the spatio‐temporal distribution of PrEP uptake among MSM in France 2016–2021 to identify marginalized MSM at risk for HIV and increase their PrEP uptake.MethodsWe first applied Bayesian spatial analyses with survey‐surveillance‐based HIV incidence data as a spatial proxy to estimate the size of (1) regional HIV‐negative MSM populations and (2) MSM who could be eligible for PrEP use according to French PrEP guidelines. We then applied Bayesian spatio‐temporal ecological regression modelling to estimate the regional prevalence and relative probability of the overall‐ and new‐PrEP uptake from 2016 to 2021 across France.ResultsHIV‐negative and PrEP‐eligible MSM populations vary regionally across France. Île‐de‐France was estimated to have the highest MSM density compared to other French regions. According to the final spatio‐temporal model, the relative probability of overall PrEP uptake was heterogeneous across France but remained stable over time. Urban areas have higher‐than‐average probabilities of PrEP uptake. The prevalence of PrEP use increased steadily (ranging from 8.8% [95% credible interval 8.5%;9.0%] in Nouvelle‐Aquitaine to 38.2% [36.5%;39.9%] in Centre‐Val‐de‐Loire in 2021).ConclusionsOur results show that using Bayesian spatial analysis as a novel methodology to estimate the localized HIV‐negative MSM population is feasible and applicable. Spatio‐temporal models showed that despite the increasing prevalence of PrEP use in all regions, geographical disparities and inequalities of PrEP uptake continued to exist over time. We identified regions that would benefit from greater tailoring and delivery efforts. Based on our findings, public health policies and HIV prevention strategies could be adjusted to better combat HIV infections and to accelerate ending the HIV epidemic.
Time for change: improving neuromuscular blocking agent safety in Australia
Authors: McRae Amy , Graudins Linda Velta , Ewing Wendy Jane , Bui Thuy , Downey Glenn , Bramley David Edmund Piers , Dooley Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIncidents involving mis‐selection and administration of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) leading to patient harm resulted in the initiation of activity in Victorian hospitals to review the management of this high‐risk group of medicines. Local risk mitigation strategies, such as in‐house labelling and restricting access, were considered partially effective, but it was recognised that a national approach was required. In 2015, hospital pharmacists — together with anaesthetist colleagues and peak patient safety organisations — made a submission to the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) describing safety risks with NMBAs, with recommendations for improved NMBA labelling. This report describes the five‐year process which eventually led to the TGA mandating manufacturers to place alert labelling on NMBA products. As a result of this effort, a Victorian Therapeutics Advisory Group (VicTAG) grant enabled the development of a ‘NMBA Safer Practice Advisory Tool for Australian Hospitals’, providing a standard guide to monitor the safe use of NMBAs.
Management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in rectal cancer
Authors: Chang Gloria , Halabi Wissam J. , Ali Fadwa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLateral pelvic lymph node (LPLN) involvement occurs in 10%–25% of rectal cancer cases. Total mesorectal excision (TME) with routine LPLN dissection (LPLND) is predominantly applied in Japan whereas TME with neoadjuvant treatment are used in the West. LPLND is a morbid procedure and minimally invasive techniques may help reduce its morbidity. Selective lateral pelvic node dissection with TME following neoadjuvant treatment achieves acceptable disease‐free and overall survival.
Periods of singular double octic Calabi–Yau threefolds and modular forms
Authors: Chmiel Tymoteusz , Cynk Sławomir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBy the modularity theorem, every rigid Calabi–Yau threefold X has associated modular form f such that the equality of L‐functions holds. In this case, period integrals of X are expected to be expressible in terms of the special values and . We propose a similar interpretation of period integrals of a nodal model of X. It is given in terms of certain variants of a Mellin transform of f. We provide numerical evidence toward this interpretation based on a case of double octics.