bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dramatic, durable response to therapy in gBRCA2-mutated pancreas neuroendocrine carcinoma: opportunity and challenge
Authors: Keane Fergus , Bajwa Raazi , Selenica Pier , Park Wungki , Roehrl Michael H. , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Mandelker Diana , O’Reilly Eileen M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPoorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PDNEC), are a subtype of pancreatic cancer encompassing both small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma subtypes, and are characterized as distinct in terms of biology and prognosis compared to the more common pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Until recently, there has been a paucity of data on the genomic features of this cancer type. We describe a male patient diagnosed with PDNEC and extensive metastatic disease in the liver at diagnosis. Genomic analysis demonstrated a germline pathogenic variant in BRCA2 with somatic loss-of-heterozygosity of the BRCA2 wild-type allele. Following a favorable response to platinum-based chemotherapy (and the addition of immunotherapy), the patient received maintenance therapy with olaparib, which resulted in a further reduction on follow-up imaging (Fig. 1). After seventeen months of systemic control with olaparib, the patient developed symptomatic central nervous system metastases, which harboured a BRCA2 reversion mutation. No other sites of disease progression were observed. Herein, we report an exceptional outcome through the incorporation of a personalized management approach for a patient with a pancreatic PDNEC, guided by comprehensive genomic sequencing.
Considerations for integrating wearables into the everyday healthcare practice
Authors: Powell Dylan , Godfrey Alan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWearable technologies are becoming ever more popular as suggested tools for use in modern medicine. Studies evidence their growing pragmatism and provision of objective data for a more informative and personalised approach to patient care. Yet many wearables are one dimensional, despite the underlying technology being common across a large array of tools. That is primarily due to the accompanying software, unmodifiable or black box-based scripts that generally lack accessibility or modification, meaning wearables may often get discarded. Use of wearables for sustainable healthcare needs careful consideration.
Search for large topological gaps in atomic spin chains on proximitized superconducting heavy-metal layers
Authors: Beck Philip , Nyári Bendegúz , Schneider Lucas , Rózsa Levente , Lászlóffy András , Palotás Krisztián , Szunyogh László , Ujfalussy Balázs , Wiebe Jens , Wiesendanger Roland 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOne-dimensional systems comprising s-wave superconductivity with meticulously tuned magnetism realize topological superconductors hosting Majorana modes whose stability is determined by the gap size. However, for atomic spin chains on superconductors, the effect of the substrate’s spin-orbit coupling on the topological gap is largely unexplored. Here, we introduce an atomic layer of the heavy metal gold on a niobium surface combining strong spin-orbit coupling and a large superconducting gap with a high crystallographic quality, enabling the assembly of defect-free iron chains using a scanning tunneling microscope tip. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments and density functional theory calculations reveal ungapped Yu–Shiba–Rusinov bands in the ferromagnetic chain despite the heavy substrate. By artificially imposing a spin spiral state, the calculations indicate minigap opening and zero-energy edge state formation. The methodology enables a material screening of heavy-metal layers on elemental superconductors for ideal systems hosting Majorana edge modes protected by large topological gaps.
Omnipresent authigenic calcite distorts Arctic radiocarbon chronology
Authors: Wollenburg Jutta Erika , Matthiessen Jens , Vogt Christoph , Nehrke Gernot , Grotheer Hendrik , Wilhelms-Dick Dorothee , Geibert Walter , Mollenhauer Gesine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs calcareous foraminifera precipitate their shells from the surrounding water mass, they are the basis of most marine radiocarbon chronologies and paleo-proxies. Nevertheless, post-mortem alteration of shells, especially addition of authigenic calcite, impact proxy records. In the Arctic Ocean, authigenic calcite overgrowth on foraminifera has been attributed to hydrocarbon release, with a single report on 13C-enriched authigenic calcite, indicating a different carbon source. Here, we use comparative radiocarbon, carbon and oxygen isotope measurements to show that this 13C-enriched authigenic calcite impacts a large proportion of Holocene and the majority of last glacial planktonic foraminifera in the Arctic Basin. This authigenic precipitated calcite is 14C-depleted, so overgrowth results in invariably older 14C-ages. We show that, in comparison with published data, the true chronology of Arctic basin sediments can deviate by more than 10,000 years in critical parts of the last deglaciation and that stable oxygen and carbon isotopes, as likely all calcite-based proxy-records are affected with potential implications for paleoclimate models.
Effects of Healthy Aging and Gender on the Electrophysiological Correlates of Semantic Sentence Comprehension: The Development of Dutch Normative Data
Authors: Cocquyt Elissa-Marie , Depuydt Emma , Santens Patrick , van Mierlo Pieter , Duyck Wouter , Szmalec Arnaud , De Letter Miet 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:The clinical use of event-related potentials in patients with language disorders is increasingly acknowledged. For this purpose, normative data should be available. Within this context, healthy aging and gender effects on the electrophysiological correlates of semantic sentence comprehension were investigated.Method:One hundred and ten healthy subjects (55 men and 55 women), divided among three age groups (young, middle aged, and elderly), performed a semantic sentence congruity task in the visual modality during electroencephalographic recording.Results:The early visual complex was affected by increasing age as shown by smaller P2 amplitudes in the elderly compared to the young. Moreover, the N400 effect in the elderly was smaller than in the young and was delayed compared to latency measures in both middle-aged and young subjects. The topography of age-related amplitude changes of the N400 effect appeared to be gender specific. The late positive complex effect was increased at frontal electrode sites from middle age on, but this was not statistically significant. No gender effects were detected regarding the early P1, N1, and P2, or the late positive complex effect.Conclusion:Especially aging effects were found during semantic sentence comprehension, and this from the level of perceptual processing on. Normative data are now available for clinical use.
Digital pre‐distortion scheme for an end‐to‐end forward link based on cascade distortions modelling and space‐time‐frequency non‐stationary constraints in LEO‐SIN
Authors: Lu Yin , Minghui Li , Lizhe Liu , Chenhua Sun , Dongdong Wang , Ke Wang , Wenliang Lin , Weijia Zhang , Pengxiao Wei , Wei Cai , Hao Liu , Yaohua Deng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this letter, a novel digital pre‐distortion (DPD) scheme for an end‐to‐end forward link (FL) channel in a satellite internet network (SIN) is first proposed. It aims at the unprecedented challenge of the model of non‐stationary (NS) cascade response consisting of channel fading and non‐linear behaviour of onboard payload. Unlike most existing schemes, the proposed DPD scheme explores a new model to describe the distortion with improved band‐limited memory polynomial (BLMP) by the equivalent response. To decrease the complexity of utilization, the authors design a new strategy to divide the unified non‐stationary situation into several different stationary situations. Meanwhile, a space‐time‐frequency stationary window function (STF‐WF) is proposed to compensate for the signal distortion. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed schemes realize maximum total degradation (TD) gain by 15%.
A simple metric that correlates with public Wi‐Fi throughput
Authors: Mizuno Yu , Ohishi Yasuhiro , Ishikawa Naoki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the IEEE 802.11 specifications, a wireless fidelity (Wi‐Fi) access point (AP) broadcasts a beacon frame every 0.1024 s, and the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is measured at a user terminal. RSSI is used as a metric for AP selection, but it does unlikely correlate with the actual quality of service, as has been pointed out in previous literature. In this letter, a simple metric is proposed that correlates with the effective throughput offered by a public Wi‐Fi AP. Specifically, the number of beacon frames within a time window is counted instead of using RSSI. The proposed metric can be easily calculated as it does not rely on advanced techniques such as machine learning. In a realistic IEEE 802.11a/n/ac network, the correlation coefficient between the proposed metric and the effective total throughput is 0.874 in the time window of 1 s, which is higher than a conventional metric, indicating the potential for low‐latency identification of whether a public Wi‐Fi AP can provide good throughput.
Experimental investigation of scatterer‐array‐based decorrelation technique applied to real multiple‐input multiple‐output base station
Authors: Wang Yipeng , Huang Xiaoyu , Zhao Jianyao , Zhong Zhimeng , Sha Wei E.I. , Chen Xiaoming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a scatterer‐array‐based decorrelation method for improving the multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) performance is proposed for a real application of base station (BS) operating at 780 MHz with a 20‐MHz communication bandwidth. The antenna correlation is reduced by loading a scatterer array designed to increase the MIMO array's effective inter‐element spacing. As a result, the diversity measure is improved, which in turn benefits the MIMO capacity. This method is demonstrated first in simulation to check its performance, which shows about 4% and 20% improvements in MIMO capacity over 20‐MHz communication bandwidth in single‐cell and multi‐cell scenarios, respectively. Then it is applied to a real BS in a realistic urban micro scenario for experimental verification, showing a noticeable throughput improvement without degrading the power coverage of the BS. Note that this is the first time that the scatterer‐array‐based decorrelation technique has been applied to increase the MIMO throughput of a real BS in a real‐life scenario, which thoroughly demonstrates the promising application potential of this technique.
MCNN: Conditional focus probability learning to multi‐focus image fusion via mutually coupled neural network
Authors: Wang Chengchao , Pu Yuanyuan , Wang Xue , Ma Chaozhen , Nie Rencan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novel conditional focus probability learning model, termed MCNN, is proposed for multi‐focus image fusion (MFIF). Given a pair of source images, their conditional focus probabilities can be generated by using the well‐trained MCNN, which is further converted into the binary focus masks to directly produce an all‐focus image with no postprocessing. To this end, a fully convolutional encoder is designed with two mutually coupled Siamese branches in MCNN, which include a coupling block that bridge between the two branches to provide conditional information to each other, at different layers, such that the encoder can more strongly extract conditional focus features and further encourage the decoder pixel‐wisely to give more robust conditional focus probabilities. Moreover, a hybrid loss is designed with a structural sparse fidelity loss and a structural similarity loss to force the network to learn more accurate conditional focus probabilities. Particularly, a convolutional norm with good structural group sparse is proposed, to construct the structural sparse fidelity loss. Simulation results substantiate the superiority of our MCNN over other state‐of‐the‐art, in terms of both visual perception and quantitative evaluation.
Runge–Kutta optimization‐based selective harmonic elimination in an H‐bridge multilevel inverter
Authors: Sajid Injila , Sarwar Adil , Tariq Mohd , Bakhsh Farhad Ilahi , Hussan Md Reyaz , Ahmad Shafiq , Mohamed Adamali Shah Noor , Ahmad Akbar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe application of iterative techniques for solving the Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHE‐PWM) problem, such as the Newton–Raphson (NR) method, can tend to get stuck at local optima in the solution space. Additionally, these methods may be sensitive to the initial value estimation of the solution. In contrast, metaheuristic approaches demonstrate resilience in seeking out the optimal solution. As such, this study utilizes the Runge–Kutta (RUN) metaheuristic optimization algorithm to demonstrate the SHE‐PWM technique in multilevel inverters (MLIs), including 5‐ and 7‐level modified H‐bridge (MHB) topology and a 9‐level asymmetric cascaded H‐bridge (CHB) inverter topology. The switching angles are obtained by varying the modulation index from 0.01 to 1.0 in steps of 0.01 for 5‐, 7‐, and 9‐level MLIs. The performance of the RUN algorithm in minimizing the total harmonic distortion (THD) value is verified through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink software. The superiority of RUN is established by comparing the results with state‐of‐the‐art metaheuristic algorithms, such as the Differential Evolution (DE), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). Additionally, the switching angles obtained through RUN are validated by hardware experiments. According to the simulation and experimental results, the proposed RUN method exhibits better performance in terms of objective function values, algorithm robustness, fundamental harmonic magnitude, and THD values. The findings confirm the elimination of fifth harmonic, fifth, and seventh harmonics, and fifth, seventh, and ninth harmonics in 5‐, 7‐, and 9‐level MLIs, respectively.
The two rings of (50000) Quaoar
Authors: Pereira C. L. , Sicardy B. , Morgado B. E. , Braga-Ribas F. , Fernández-Valenzuela E. , Souami D. , Holler B. J. , Boufleur R. C. , Margoti G. , Assafin M. , Ortiz J. L. , Santos-Sanz P. , Epinat B. , Kervella P. , Desmars J. , Vieira-Martins R. , Kilic Y. , Gomes Júnior A. R. , Camargo J. I. B. , Emilio M. , Vara-Lubiano M. , Kretlow M. , Albert L. , Alcock C. , Ball J. G. , Bender K. , Buie M. W. , Butterfield K. , Camarca M. , Castro-Chacón J. H. , Dunford R. , Fisher R. S. , Gamble D. , Geary J. C. , Gnilka C. L. , Green K. D. , Hartman Z. D. , Huang C.-K. , Januszewski H. , Johnston J. , Kagitani M. , Kamin R. , Kavelaars J. J. , Keller J. M. , de Kleer K. R. , Lehner M. J. , Luken A. , Marchis F. , Marlin T. , McGregor K. , Nikitin V. , Nolthenius R. , Patrick C. , Redfield S. , Rengstorf A. W. , Reyes-Ruiz M. , Seccull T. , Skrutskie M. F. , Smith A. B. , Sproul M. , Stephens A. W. , Szentgyorgyi A. , Sánchez-Sanjuán S. , Tatsumi E. , Verbiscer A. , Wang S.-Y. , Yoshida F. , Young R. , Zhang Z.-W. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Quaoar is a classical trans-Neptunian object (TNO) with an area-equivalent diameter of 1100 km and an orbital semi-major axis of 43.3 astronomical units. Based on stellar occultations observed between 2018 and 2021, an inhomogeneous ring (Q1R, i.e., Quaoar’s first ring) has been detected around this body.
Aims. A new stellar occultation by Quaoar was observed on August 9, 2022, with the aim of improving Quaoar’s shape models and the physical parameters of Q1R, while searching for additional material around the body.
Methods. The occultation provided nine effective chords across Quaoar, pinning down its size, shape, and astrometric position. Large facilities, such as Gemini North and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), were used to obtain high acquisition rates and signal-to-noise ratios. The light curves were also used to characterize the Q1R ring (radial profiles and orbital elements).
Results. Quaoar’s elliptical fit to the occultation chords yields the limb with an apparent semi-major axis of 579.5 ± 4.0 km, apparent oblateness of 0.12 ± 0.01, and area-equivalent radius of 543 ± 2 km. Quaoar’s limb orientation is consistent with Q1R and Weywot orbiting in Quaoar’s equatorial plane. The orbital radius of Q1R is refined to a value of 4057 ± 6 km. The radial opacity profile of the more opaque ring profile follows a Lorentzian shape that extends over 60 km, with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ∼5 km and a peak normal optical depth of 0.4. Besides the secondary events related to the already reported rings, new secondary events detected during the August 2022 occultation in three different data sets are consistent with another ring around Quaoar with a radius of 2520 ± 20 km, assuming the ring is circular and co-planar with Q1R. This new ring has a typical width of 10 km and a normal optical depth of ∼0.004. Just as Q1R, it also lies outside Quaoar’s classical Roche limit.
Quel cirque, ces virus
Authors: Serge Chasseur Alexis , Muylkens Benoît , Coupeau Damien 
Published: April 2023

Les ARN circulaires (ARNcirc) font partie intégrante de la relation hôte-pathogène. Après la description de la dérégulation d’ARNcirc cellulaires lors d’infections virales, de nombreux ARNcirc d’origine virale ont été identifiés et caractérisés. Des rôles régulateurs, aussi bien du cycle cellulaire que du cycle viral, leur ont été attribués. Ils sont associés à l’oncogenèse viro-induite, à la régulation du système immunitaire et à la différenciation cellulaire. Ces boucles d’ARN, aussi archaïques que les premiers virus, réservent bien des surprises aux chercheurs tant au niveau de leurs fonctions que de leurs biogenèses !
Die Möglichkeiten der Phytotherapie bei entzündlichen
Hautkrankheiten
Authors: Wölfle Ute , Hoffmann Julia , Schempp Christoph 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren wurden einige neue pflanzliche Arzneimittel,
Medizinprodukte und Hautpflegemittel für die topische Behandlung von
entzündlichen Hauterkrankungen entwickelt. Besonders gut belegt ist die
Wirksamkeit von Inhaltsstoffen aus dem Süßholz bei der
atopischen Dermatitis und von Indigo-Extrakten bei der Psoriasis. Ein neuer
vielversprechender Therapieansatz zur äußerlichen Behandlung
einer geschädigten Hautbarriere sind Bitterstoffe, die an
Bitterstoff-Rezeptoren der Haut binden und die Keratin- und Lipidsynthese der
Keratinozyten anregen. Weitere pflanzliche Wirkstoffe für die Behandlung
von Rosazea und Akne vulgaris werden ebenfalls besprochen, wie z. B.
Extrakte aus dem Grüntee, der Blutwurz oder dem Hopfen.
Perioperative Management in the Collegiate Athlete: An Integrated
Approach
Authors: Rugg Caitlin M. , Ginder Jordan H. , Bharadwaj Ananyaa , Vomer Rock , Dale Gregory A. , Ketterly Jennifer , Zarzour Hap , Amendola Annunziato , Lau Brian C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCollegiate athletes face rigorous physical, academic, and emotional demands.
While significant attention has been paid to injury prevention among young
athletes in the past two decades, orthopedic injury rates remain high among
collegiate athletes, and a significant number will undergo surgical management
for injuries each year. In this narrative review, we describe techniques for
perioperative management of pain and stress after surgery in collegiate
athletes. In particular, we outline pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic
management of surgical pain, with a goal of minimizing opiate consumption. We
emphasize a multi-disciplinary approach to optimizing post-operative recovery in
collegiate athletes help minimize reliance on opiate pain medication.
Additionally, we recommend that institutional resources should be harnessed to
support athletes in their well-being, from a nutritional, psychological and
sleep standpoint. Critical to success in perioperative pain management is the
communication among the athletic medicine team members and with the athlete and
family to address pain and stress management and encourage timely, safe return
to play.
Use of Hypertonic Saline in Neuroanesthesia and Neurocritical Care Practice: A Narrative Review
Authors: Barik Amiya K. , Thappa Priya , Jangra Kiran , Bhagat Hemant , Kaur Kirandeep 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHypertonic saline (HTS) is a group of fluids containing sodium and chloride in a higher concentration as compared to physiological saline. The authors have conducted this review to evaluate the use of HTS in neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care. The articles for this narrative review on HTS were searched on databases like PubMed Central, EMBASE, and Google Scholar using the Medical Subject Headings keywords “Hypertonic Saline,” “Neuroanesthesia,” and “Neurocritical Care.” The review focuses on the mechanisms of HTS and its in routine clinical practice. The results of various comparative studies between HTS and mannitol and guidelines regarding the use of HTS have also been reviewed. HTS can be used to treat hyponatremia, reduce intracranial pressure, provide intraoperative relaxed brain, and aid in resuscitation during cardiogenic, neurogenic, and septic shock. Its side effects include renal toxicity in the case of hypernatremia, rebound intracranial hypertension, volume overload, dyselectrolytemia, phlebitis, local tissue damage, and osmotic demyelination syndrome in the case of rapid correction of serum sodium concentration.
MRI Staging of Anorectal Malignancy—A Reporting Dilemma: Is It Adenocarcinoma or Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
Authors: Chandramohan Anuradha , Sathyakumar Kirthi , Augustine Antony , John Reetu , Simon Betty , Issac Rijo , Masih Dipti , Karunya Jeba , Ram Thomas S. , Singh Ashish , Jesudason Mark Ranjan , Mittal Rohin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aim Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of anorectal malignancy is often reported assuming low rectal adenocarcinoma (LRC). The biopsy may, however, reveal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Thus, the aim was to compare the imaging findings of SCC and LRC.
Methods This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent staging MRI for anorectal malignancy (<5 cm from the anal verge) for adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma between 2016 and 2021. Two radiologists blinded to biopsy reviewed MRI. Imaging findings and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared between SCC and LRC.
Results We studied 137 patients (n = 60 SCC, n = 77 LRC) with a mean age of 50.4 (standard deviation: 12.4) years and tumor length of 5.6 ± 1.9 cm. SCC patients were older, and their distal tumor margin was closer to the anal verge (5.3 vs. 22 mm for LRC; p <0.001). T2 intermediate signal and diffusion restriction was seen in 97 and 98.2% of SCC and 75.3 and 77% of LRC, respectively. SCC had lower ADC values (0.910 × 10−3 mm2/s) than LRC (1.126 × 10−3 mm2/s; p < 0.001). But there was no difference in the ADC values when T2 hyperintense tumors were excluded (p = 0.132). Extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) was more frequent in LRC (35.1 vs. 16.7%; p = 0.013). A combination of distance from the anal verge of less than 11 mm, absent EMVI, and the presence of internal iliac and inguinal nodes had an area under the curve (95% confidence interval) of 0.810 (0.737–0.884).
Conclusion ADC values are unhelpful in differentiating SCC and LRC. Tumors closer to anal verge, absence of EMVI, and the presence of inguinal and internal-iliac nodes may point towards SCC.