bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocutaneous Syndromes, Perinatal Factors, and the Risk of Childhood Cancer in Sweden
Authors: Kampitsi Christina-Evmorfia , Nordgren Ann , Mogensen Hanna , Pontén Emeli , Feychting Maria , Tettamanti Giorgio 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceNeurocutaneous syndromes are associated with cancer predisposition and sometimes associated with perinatal factors. A better understanding of the association between neurocutaneous syndromes, perinatal factors, and childhood cancer is key for earlier cancer detection.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of neurocutaneous syndromes and perinatal factors with childhood cancer risk in a cohort of Swedish children.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this nationwide cohort study, all children and adolescents up to age 20 years, from 1973 to 2015, were identified through the Swedish National Medical Birth Register (MBR), provided they had information on both biological parents. Analyses were conducted from April 2021 through May 2023.ExposuresDiagnoses of neurocutaneous syndromes were obtained from the MBR, National Patient Register, and Cause of Death register. Perinatal factors (birth weight, gestational age, birth weight by gestational age, 5-minute Apgar score, and head circumference) were obtained from the MBR.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChildhood cancer risk (&amp;lt;20 years at diagnosis; identified from the National Cancer Register), including leukemia, lymphoma, and central nervous system (CNS) tumors.ResultsAmong 4 173 108 included children (2 143 133 [51.4%] male, median [IQR] follow-up 20 [9.7-20] years), 1783 had neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), 444 tuberous sclerosis, 63 von Hippel-Lindau disease, and 39 ataxia-telangiectasia. An increased cancer risk was observed among children with any neurocutaneous syndrome (HR, 34.9; 95% CI, 30.8-39.6) and was particularly pronounced for CNS tumors (HR, 111.7; 95% CI, 96.8-128.8), except among children with ataxia-telangiectasia, where the increased risk was associated with lymphomas (HR, 233.1; 95% CI, 75.0-724.1). Leukemia risk was increased only among children with NF1 (HR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.7-9.8). Several perinatal factors, including high birth weight, being born large for gestational age, preterm birth, low 5-minute Apgar score, and large head circumference had lesser associations with childhood cancer. Adjusting for neurocutaneous syndromes did not affect these associations.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this nationwide cohort study, neurocutaneous syndromes were associated with an increased risk of childhood cancer, especially CNS tumors. Several perinatal factors had lesser associations with childhood cancer, independently of the presence of neurocutaneous syndromes. Other biological mechanisms likely underlie the association between perinatal factors and childhood cancer.
Body composition affects blood lipids and vascular function in metabolically unhealthy or metabolically healthy older adult women with obesity: A multi‐group path analysis/impact verification following latent profile analysis
Authors: Haixia Li , Lee Jae‐Hoon , Oh SiYeon , Seo EunChul , Ha Min‐Seong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to perform latent profile analysis (LPA) in older adult women with metabolic syndrome to extract a group according to their characteristics while controlling for body composition, blood lipid levels, and vascular function. The study also examined the relationship between different variables.MethodsThe participants were 35 women aged ≥65 years, who met the Korean female standards for metabolic syndrome. Blood collection, blood pressure measurements, and vascular function measurements were performed. LPA and multigroup path analysis (MGPA) were performed to statistically analyze the effects of body composition on blood lipid levels and vascular function in older adult women with metabolic syndrome. Mplus 8.3 and jamovi 2.0.0 were used for the analyses, and the control significance level was set at .05.ResultsThe participants were divided into the following three groups: (G1) metabolically unhealthy participants with normal weight, (G2) normal‐weight participants with arteriosclerosis, and (G3) obese but metabolically healthy participants (G3). The effect of body composition on blood lipid levels showed a significant difference only in G1. The effect of body composition on vascular function was influenced by various variables in G1 and G3, while G1 showed a higher explanatory power.ConclusionsThe MGPA results showed that the relationship between variables differs depending on the group. Therefore, the metabolic syndrome should be studied by subdividing it and confirming the characteristics of the classified groups, such as normal‐weight but metabolically unhealthy individuals and obese but metabolically healthy individuals.
Site‐Specific m6A Erasing via Conditionally Stabilized CRISPR‐Cas13b Editor
Authors: Xu Ying , Wang Yufan , Liang Fu‐Sen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) on RNAs plays an important role in regulating various biological processes and CRIPSR technology has been employed for programmable m6A editing. However, the bulky size of CRISPR protein and constitutively expressed CRISPR/RNA editing enzymes can interfere with the native function of target RNAs and cells. Herein, we reported a conditional m6A editing platform (FKBP*‐dCas13b‐ALK) based on a ligand stabilized dCas13 editor. The inducible expression of this m6A editing system was achieved by adding or removing the Shield‐1 molecule. We further demonstrated that the targeted recruitment of dCas13b‐m6A eraser fusion protein and site‐specific m6A erasing were achieved under the control of Shield‐1. Moreover, the release and degradation of dCas13b fusion protein occurred faster than the restoration of m6A on the target RNAs after Shield‐1 removal, which provides an ideal opportunity to study the m6A function with minimal steric interference from bulky dCas13b fusion protein.
The influence of structural topology of additively manufactured PEGDA monolith on adsorption performance for textile wastewater treatment
Authors: Yusoff Nurul Husna Mohd , Chong Chien Hwa , Wong Voon Loong , Cheah Kean How , Wan Yoke Kin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the rapid advancement of three dimensional (3D) printing technology that offers flexibility to achieve desired surface area and permeability for wastewater applications, structural topology design has the potential to significantly improve the adsorption performance. This present work involves fabricating the green water technology with four different complex monolithic structural designs (Kagome, gyroid, Fischer, and body‐centered cubic [BCC]) with specific surface areas varied from 19.4 to 39.84 mm2 via digital light processing (DLP) technique. All the monolithic structures with different structural topologies were grafted with chitosan to evaluate their adsorption performance in a batch process. The influence of different structural topology on the adsorption performance and efficiency was evaluated at an optimal temperature of 60°C with optimum pH of 6.3 for a reaction time of 2 h using synthetic methyl orange (MO) dye and textile wastewater. Results indicated that the body‐centered cubic (BCC) design exhibited the highest MO adsorption capacity (12.71 mg/g), with the highest permeability (2.57
10−7 m2) and surface area (39.84 mm2). Additionally, a direct relationship was found between the surface area and the permeability of the adsorbent as well as adsorption strength. Fifty percent of color and 2.46% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were achieved to verify the adsorbent feasibility in actual application. The present work mainly establishes the feasibility of 3D printing in fabricating different monolithic structures, which enables future topology optimization for improved wastewater management.
Ellagic acid loaded nanospheres/biodegradable PVA‐sodium alginate hydrogel for wound healing application
Authors: Kabirian Kholghi Kimia , Tamri Pari , Haddadi Rasool , Pourmoslemi Shabnam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the present study, a novel polyvinyl alcohol‐sodium alginate hydrogel was prepared using ellagic acid loaded nanospheres in its structure. Ellagic acid was loaded into polymeric nanospheres using a double‐emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Obtained nanospheres were dispersed in a polyvinyl alcohol‐sodium alginate hydrogel, prepared using freeze–thaw method followed by freeze‐drying. Ellagic acid loaded nanospheres and the final hydrogel preparation were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, and investigated for ellagic acid content, and release profile. MTT assays were conducted to measure the viability of cells after treatment with the hydrogel, and wound healing activity was investigated through in vivo studies on open wounds of an animal model. Results showed formation of nanospheres with average diameter of 241.5 nm and prolonged‐release profile of ellagic acid during 48 h. MTT assays showed a significant increase in cell proliferation upon treatment of NIH3T3 cells with the hydrogel. The hydrogel also significantly increased the rate of wound closure through improved epithelialization and production of collagen fibers. It can be concluded that the hydrogel containing ellagic acid‐loaded nanospheres prepared in this study can be designated as a biocompatible dressing to accelerate the wound healing process.
Bacterial cellulose‐modified castor oil‐based polyurethane sponge for hexavalent chromium removal
Authors: Maia Lana S. , Pinhati Fernanda R. , Monteceli Francisco M. , Colturato Vitória M. M. , Barbosa Rennan F. S. , Barud Hernane S. , da Conceição Monique T. , Rosa Derval S. , Mulinari Daniella R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to the multiple industrial applications of chromium compounds and their dangerous nature for the environment, the development of adsorbent materials has been investigated. In line with this reality, bacterial cellulose (BC) has become a potential filler in the polymeric matrix due to its ability to remove toxic metals; however, its performance is little explored. This research proposes a new approach for BC as a filler in castor oil‐based polyurethane, obtaining a sponge for Cr(VI) removal. The pure PU and PU + X%BC sponges (X stands for BC content between 5 and 20 wt%) were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, density, contact angle (CA), and thermogravimetric analysis. Sorption capacity and efficiency were evaluated as a function of the fiber content, with tests performed in function of contact time (2.5 min to 3 h) at 50 mg L−1. The BC fillers of the sponges increased the density and influenced the morphological, chemical structural, thermal, and sorption properties. Thus, the sponge (PU + 20%BC) presented the highest CA (104.4°) and the best sorption capacity and efficiency (4.3 mg g−1 and 43.2%). The sorption mechanism was well‐defined by isotherm models, presenting a maximum adsorption capacity of 23.5 mg g−1 and best fit (R2 = 0.989) with the Freundlich isotherm. The sponge is an efficient material for Cr (VI) removal and provided a promising insight into an adsorption mechanism study.
Anti‐corrosion improvement of epoxy coating by the synergistic effect of barrier shielding and slow‐release based on phytic acid intercalated hydrotalcite
Authors: Ju Jun‐Jie , Wang Yang , Yu Ming‐Hua , Sun Xin , Li Wei‐Li , Zhao Zheng‐Bai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEpoxy resin has been widely applied in coating preparation, due to its excellent properties. The anti‐corrosion performance improvement of epoxy‐based coatings has attracted much attention. The synergistic effect of the barrier function of two‐dimensional fillers and the slow release of inhibiter has been proven to be an effective way to improve the anti‐corrosion of coatings. In this work, the phytic acid (PA) intercalated hydrotalcite (HT) was fabricated by a one‐pot method. First, HT was synthesized by magnesium nitrate hexahydrate (Mg(NO3)2·6H2O) and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (Al(NO3)3·9H2O) in the water solution. Subsequently, PA was added to the dispersion to obtain PA intercalated HT fillers (PA‐HT). The obtained PA‐HT fillers were incorporated into the epoxy resin (EP) to prepare the anti‐corrosion coating (PA‐HT/EP). The prepared PA‐HT/EP coating exhibits excellent anti‐corrosion properties at 1 wt% filler loading that the impedance modulus maintains above 109 Ω cm2 after 30 days of soaking in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Moreover, the anti‐corrosion mechanism of the synergy of the physical barrier of two‐dimensional fillers and the release slow of inhibitors was thoroughly discussed, particularly the formation and anti‐corrosion mechanism of the passivation protection film constituted by PA.
Examining the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the MiND‐B questionnaire in ALS patients
Authors: Rahimzadeh Goradel Reza , Sattarpour Reza , hooshyari zahra , Taebi Morvarid , Ghavampour Afsaneh , Jazani Maryam Rashidi , Sarraf Payam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to affecting the nerves and muscles, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease also affects the behavior and cognition of patients. In this study, we examine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of Motor Neuron Disease Behavioral instrument (MiND‐B) questionnaire to investigate behavioral changes in Persian‐speaking ALS patients.MethodsForty‐six Persian‐speaking patients with ALS filled out the MiND‐B questionnaire. Then, the overall scores and each of the domains of this questionnaire were statistically analyzed.ResultsCronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated .70 for the whole questionnaire. To check the validity of the questionnaire, the correlation of its scores with the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS screen (ECAS‐A) questionnaire was taken, and this correlation was significant (p = .038).ConclusionThe findings of this study show that the Persian version of the MiND‐B questionnaire has the necessary validity and reliability to investigate behavioral changes in Persian‐speaking patients with ALS.
Safety and tolerability of first‐line durvalumab with tremelimumab and chemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lee Dae Ho , Kim Hye Ryun , Keam Bhumsuk , Kato Ken , Kuboki Yasutoshi , Gao Haiyan , Yovine Alejandro , Robbins Scott H. , Ahn Myung‐Ju 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is associated with poor prognosis; new first‐line systemic treatment options are needed. Combining immuno‐oncology therapies with standard chemotherapy may represent a promising approach for the treatment of solid tumors. Results from a Phase Ib study evaluating durvalumab with tremelimumab and chemotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic ESCC are reported.MethodsAdults with advanced or metastatic ESCC who were candidates for first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy received durvalumab 1500 mg (Day 1), tremelimumab 75 mg (Day 1), cisplatin 80 mg/m2 (Day 1) and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) 800 mg/m2 (Days 1–5) in 28‐day cycles until disease progression or discontinuation due to toxicity. The study consisted of safety run‐in (Part A) and expansion (Part B) periods. The primary endpoint was safety. Antitumor activity was an exploratory endpoint.ResultsSixteen patients were enrolled, 6 in Part A and 10 in Part B, and received a median of 4.0 treatment cycles. All patients were Asian; median age was 65.0 years. All patients experienced adverse events (AEs) related to cisplatin and 5‐FU, and 8 (50.0%) patients experienced AEs related to durvalumab and tremelimumab. Grade ≥3 treatment‐related AEs occurred in 7 (43.8%) patients. There were no deaths associated with AEs. Six (37.5%) patients achieved an objective response. Median progression‐free survival was 3.75 months, and median overall survival was 9.69 months.ConclusionsDurvalumab with tremelimumab and chemotherapy demonstrated manageable safety and antitumor activity in patients with advanced or metastatic ESCC, warranting further investigation in randomized trials. Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02658214.
Site‐Specific and Multiple Fluorogenic Metabolic Glycan Labeling and Glycoproteomic Profiling in Live Cells
Authors: Leong Shwee Khuan , Chen Yi‐Ju , Hsiao Jye‐Chian , Tsai Chun‐Yi , Shie Jiun‐Jie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMulticolor labeling for monitoring the intracellular localization of the same target type in the native environment using chemical fluorescent dyes is a challenging task. This approach requires both bioorthogonal and biocompatible ligations with an excellent fluorescence signal‐to‐noise ratio. Here, we present a metabolic glycan labeling technique that uses homemade fluorogenic dyes to investigate glycosylation patterns in live cells. These dyes allowed us to demonstrate rapid and efficient simultaneous multilabeling of glycoconjugates with minimum fluorescence noise. Our results demonstrate that this approach is capable of not only probing sialylation and GlcNAcylation in cells but also specifically labeling the cell‐surface and intracellular sialylated glycoconjugates in live cells. In particular, we performed site‐specific dual‐channel fluorescence imaging of extra and intracellular sialylated glycans in HeLa and PC9 cancer cells as well as identified fluorescently labeled sialylated glycoproteins and glycans by a direct enrichment approach combined with an MS‐based proteomic analysis in the same experiment. In conclusion, this study provides multilabeling tools in cellular systems for simultaneous site‐specific glycan imaging and glycoproteomic analysis to study potential cancer‐ and disease‐associated glycoconjugates.
Near missed diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma in a young immunocompetent woman with a recurrent left‐arm mass: A case report
Authors: Salemi Fateme , Mortazavizadeh Seyed Mohammad Reza , Zahir Shokouh Taghipour , Shahrokh Soroush 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine cancer that primarily affects the elderly, Caucasians, and the immunocompromised. We present a rare case of an immunocompetent young Iranian (non‐Caucasian) female with a small nodule on her left arm. The lesion was initially misdiagnosed as an infected cyst and was treated with antibiotics for 20 days before being surgically removed. Unfortunately, the lump regrew rapidly 2 weeks later, when she had a biopsy, which revealed stage III MCC. She was then treated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after a thorough surgical resection of the tumor. Despite the fact that she was in remission after completing chemotherapy courses, she developed neutropenic fever, sepsis and died from septic shock. This case emphasizes the necessity of early clinical diagnosis of MCC and obtaining a biopsy with histopathologic evaluation of rapidly evolving skin lesions suggestive of malignancy.
Intrinsic defects generated by iodine during TiO2 crystallization and its relationship with electrical conductivity and photoactivity
Authors: Bernardes Andre A. , da Silva Andre L. , Ramos Bruno , Fonseca Fabio C. , Gouvêa Douglas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDefect formation during synthesis is one of the strategies used to improve the photoactivity of polycrystalline semiconductors such as titanium dioxide (TiO2). Defects can modify the electronic structure of TiO2 and change the surface of the interaction between the photocatalyst and the reactants. In this study, TiO2 relationship between processing in the presence of iodine and the consequent formation of intrinsic defects were explored. TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using the polymeric precursor method and exposed to iodine ions at concentrations up to 5 mol%. After calcination at 350°C, detailed chemical analyses revealed that iodine was absent in the samples. However, the TiO2 properties, such as specific surface area, crystallite sizes, and specific grain boundary area, were affected. Further experiments, such as electron paramagnetic resonance, diffuse reflectance, optical measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated the presence of defects in the iodine‐processed samples. These defects directly influenced the electrical properties of the material, which affected the photoactivity, measured by the degradation of acetaminophen.
Synchronous Proton‐Hydride Transfer by a Pyrazole‐Functionalized Protic Mn(I) Complex in Catalytic Alcohol Dehydrogenative Coupling
Authors: De Subhabrata , Ranjan Prabodh , Chaurasia Vishal , Pal Sourav , Pal Saikat , Pandey Pragati , Bera Jitendra K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA series of Mn(I) complexes Mn(L1)(CO)3Br, Mn(L2)(CO)3Br, Mn(L1)(CO)3(OAc) and Mn(L3)(CO)3Br [L1=2‐(5‐tert‐butyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐1,8‐naphthyridine,L2=2‐(5‐tert‐butyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine,L3=2‐(5‐tert‐butyl‐1‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)‐1,8‐naphthyridine] were synthesized and fully characterized. The acid‐base equilibrium between the pyrazole and the pyrazolato forms of Mn(L1)(CO)3Br was studied by1H NMR and UV‐vis spectra. These complexes are screened as catalysts for acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling (ADC) of primary alcohols and aromatic diamines for the synthesis of benzimidazole and quinoline derivatives with the release of H2and H2O as byproducts. The protic complex Mn(L1)(CO)3Br shows the highest catalytic activity for the synthesis of 2‐substituted benzimidazole derivatives with broad substrate scope, whereas a related complex [Mn(L3)(CO)3Br], which is devoid of the proton responsiveβ‐NH unit, shows significantly reduced catalytic efficiency validating the crucial role of theβ‐NH functionality for the alcohol dehydrogenation reactions. Control experiments, kinetic and deuterated studies, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal a synchronous hydride‐proton transfer by the metal‐ligand construct in the alcohol dehydrogenation step.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tertiary and Quaternary α‐Chiral Allylsilanes
Authors: Pérez Sevillano Rubén , Ferreira Franck , Jackowski Olivier 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccess to enantioenriched tertiary and quaternary α‐chiral allysilanes without any transition‐metal catalyst is reported. This was achieved by enantioselective allylic displacement of γ‐silylated allylic bromides through Lewis base activation of Grignard reagents by a bidentate chiral NHC ligand. The process afforded both high γ‐regio‐ and enantioselectivity and is compatible with a wide range of silyl groups on the substrates.