bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of bovine cortical bone fracture behavior using impact microindentation as a surrogate of fracture toughness
Authors: Jahani Babak , Vaidya Rachana , Jin James M. , Aboytes Donald A. , Broz Kaitlyn S. , Khrotapalli Siva , Pujari Bhanuteja , Baig Walee M. , Tang Simon Y. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe fracture behavior of bone is critically important for assessing its mechanical competence and ability to resist fractures. Fracture toughness, which quantifies a material’s resistance to crack propagation under controlled geometry, is regarded as the gold standard for evaluating a material’s resistance to fracture. However properly conducting this test requires access to calibrated mechanical load frames the destruction of the bone samples, making it impractical for obtaining clinical measurement of bone fracture. Impact microindentation offers a potential alternative by mimicking certain aspects of fracture toughness measurements, but its relationship with mechanistic fracture toughness remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to compare measurements of notched fracture toughness and impact microindentation in fresh and boiled bovine bone. Skeletally mature bovine bone specimens (n=48) were prepared, and half of them were boiled to denature the organic matrix, while the other half remained preserved in frozen conditions. Notched fracture toughness tests were conducted on all samples to determine Initiation toughness (KIC), and an impact microindentation test using the OsteoProbe was performed to obtain the Bone Material Strength index. Boiling the bone samples resulted increased the denatured collagen without affecting mineral density or porosity. The boiled bones also showed significant reduction in both KIC(p < 0.0001) and the average Bone Material Strength index (p < 0.0001), leading to impaired resistance of bone to crack propagation. Remarkably, the average Bone Material Strength index exhibited a high correlation with KIC(r = 0.86; p < 0.001). The ranked order difference analysis confirmed excellent agreement between the two measures. This study provides the first evidence that impact microindentation could serve as a surrogate measure for bone fracture behavior. The potential of impact microindentation to non-destructively assess bone fracture resistance could offer valuable insights into bone health without the need for elaborate testing equipment and sample destruction.
Gas tunnel engineering of prolyl hydroxylase reprograms hypoxia signaling in cells
Authors: Windsor Peter , Ouyang Haiping , da Costa Joseph A. G. , Damodaran Anoop Rama , Chen Yue , Bhagi-Damodaran Ambika 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCells have evolved intricate mechanisms for recognizing and responding to changes in oxygen (O2) concentrations. Here, we have reprogrammed cellular hypoxia (low O2) signaling via gas tunnel engineering of prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), a non-heme iron dependent O2sensor. Using computational modeling and protein engineering techniques, we identify a gas tunnel and critical residues therein that limit the flow of O2to PHD2’s catalytic core. We show that systematic modification of these residues can open the constriction topology of PHD2’s gas tunnel. Using kinetic stopped-flow measurements with NO as a surrogate diatomic gas, we demonstrate up to 3.5-fold enhancement in its association rate to the iron center of tunnel-engineered mutants. Our most effectively designed mutant displays 9-fold enhanced catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM= 830 ± 40 M-1s-1) in hydroxylating a peptide mimic of hypoxia inducible transcription factor HIF-1α, as compared to WT PHD2 (kcat/KM= 90 ± 9 M-1s-1). Furthermore, transfection of plasmids that express designed PHD2 mutants in HEK-293T mammalian cells reveal significant reduction of HIF-1α and downstream hypoxia response transcripts under hypoxic conditions of 1% O2. Overall, these studies highlight activation of PHD2 as a new pathway to reprogram hypoxia responses and HIF signaling in cells.
Rechargeable Biomineral Induced by Sulfate Reducing BacteriumCupidesulfovibriosp. HK-II
Authors: Arashi Yui , Mochihara Hiroki , Kubota Hiroko , Suzuki Kei , Chiba Yusuke , Kato Yutaka , Kogure Toshihiro , Moriuchi Ryota , Dohra Hideo , Tashiro Yosuke , Futamata Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA black precipitate produced by a sulfate reducing bacteriumCupidesulfovibriosp. strain HK was investigated with multidisciplinary methods. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the black precipitate was mackinawite. Cyclic voltammetry analysis showed the obvious redox peaks, and the biogenic mackinawite exhibited rechargeable properties. XRD analyses showed that the form of the rechargeable biogenic mackinawite (RBM-II) was changed by discharge and recharge treatments: Field-emission transmission electron microscope analyses revealed that lepidocrocite and amorphous iron oxide were appeared from mackinawite on discharged condition, and the three kinds of minerals were intermingled via the rechargeable treatments. Physicochemical parameters were changed regularly under the treatments, suggesting that discharge would be occurred by iron oxidation and sulfur reduction, andvice versa. These results indicated that dynamics of sulfur is important key process in rechargeable mechanism, supporting that a part of mackinawite was transformed to lepidocrocite and iron oxides, andvice versa. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) equipped with lactate, strain HK-II and anode including RBM-II consumed lactate even under opened circuit conditions, after which MFCs generated higher current density at re-closed circuit conditions. These results demonstrated that the biogenic mackinawite is one of rechargeable materials and would play important roles in geomicrobiological reactions and biotechnology.
Mathematical Modeling of Field Cancerization through the Lens of Cancer Behavioral Ecology
Authors: Bukkuri Anuraag , Adler Frederick R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractField cancerization is a process in which a normal tissue is replaced with pre-cancerous but histologically normal tissue. This transformed field can give rise to malignancy and contribute to tumor relapse. In this paper, we create a mathematical model of field cancerization from the perspective of cancer behavioral ecology. In our model, field cancerization arises from a breakdown in signaling integrity and control, and investigate implications for acute wounding, chronic wounding, aging, and therapeutic interventions. We find that restoration of communication networks can lead to cancer regression in the context of acute injury. Conversely, long term loss of controls, such as through chronic wounding or aging, can promote oncogenesis.These results are paralleled in therapeutic interventions: those that simply target cells in cancerous states may be less effective than those that reestablish signaling integrity. Viewing cancer as a corruption of communication systems rather than as a corruption of individual cells may lead to novel approaches for understanding and treating this disease.
Overcome Prostate Cancer Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Therapy with Ketogenic Diet-Induced Epigenetic Reprogramming
Authors: Murphy Sean , Rahmy Sharif , Gan Dailin , Zhu Yini , Manyak Maxim , Li Jun , Lu Xuemin , Lu Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdvanced prostate cancer (PCa) is overwhelmingly resistant to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, representing a formidable clinical challenge. In this study, we developed a syngeneic murine PCa model with acquired ICB resistance. Using this model, synergistic efficacy was achieved by combining anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies with histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) vorinostat, a cyclic ketogenic diet (CKD), or supplementation of ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB, endogenous HDACi) via 1,3-butanediol-admixed food. CKD and BHB supplementation delayed PCa tumors as monotherapy, and both BHB and adaptive immunity are required for the anti-tumor activity of CKD. Single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic profiling revealed that the HDACi and ketogenesis-enhanced ICB therapy involves cancer-cell-intrinsic (upregulated MHC class I molecules) and extrinsic mechanisms (CD8+T cell chemoattraction, M1/M2 macrophage rebalancing, monocyte differentiation toward antigen presenting cells, and diminished neutrophils). Overall, these findings underscore the potential of using HDACi and optimized KD to enhance ICB therapy for PCa.
The synapsin-dependent vesicle cluster is crucial for presynaptic plasticity at a glutamatergic synapse in male mice
Authors: Bruentgens Felicitas , Velasquez Laura Moreno , Stumpf Alexander , Parthier Daniel , Breustedt Jörg , Benfenati Fabio , Milovanovic Dragomir , Schmitz Dietmar , Orlando Marta 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTSynapsins are highly abundant presynaptic proteins that play a crucial role in neurotransmission and plasticity via the clustering of synaptic vesicles. The synapsin III isoform is usually downregulated after development, but in hippocampal mossy fiberboutonsit persists in adulthood. Mossy fiberboutonsexpress presynaptic forms of short- and long-term plasticity, which are thought to underlie different forms of learning. Previous research on synapsins at this synapse focused on synapsin isoforms I and II. Thus, a complete picture regarding the role of synapsins in mossy fiber plasticity is still missing. Here, we investigated presynaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fiberboutonsby combining electrophysiological field recordings and transmission electron microscopy in a mouse model lacking all synapsin isoforms. We found decreased short-term plasticity - i.e. decreased facilitation and post-tetanic potentiation - but increased long-term potentiation in male synapsin triple knockout mice. At the ultrastructural level, we observed more dispersed vesicles and a higher density of active zones in mossy fiberboutonsfrom knockout animals. Our results indicate that all synapsin isoforms, including synapsin III, are required for fine regulation of short- and long-term presynaptic plasticity at the mossy fiber synapse.Significance statementSynapsins cluster vesicles at presynaptic terminals and shape presynaptic plasticity at giant hippocampal mossy fiberboutons. Deletion of all synapsin isoforms results in decreased short- but increased long-term plasticity.
How green sustainability efforts affect brand-related outcomes
Authors: Wong Amy 
Published: August 2023

PurposeUtilizing the Stimulus-Organism-Response framework, this study examines how stimuli such as green sustainability efforts and brand image affect organisms namely brand experience and brand trust, leading to brand-related outcomes such as brand affinity, brand satisfaction and purchase intention in the soft drink industry in Singapore.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was administered to a total of 243 members of several Singapore-based Facebook groups. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results show the positive effects of green sustainability efforts on brand image, brand experience and brand trust. Brand experience affects brand satisfaction, brand affinity and purchase intention, whereas brand trust affects brand satisfaction and purchase intention. Moreover, the mediating roles of brand experience and brand trust are verified.Practical implicationsTo build strong consumer-brand relationships, managers can elevate brand experience and brand trust through the implementation of green sustainability efforts.Originality/valueThis study adds to the body of green sustainability literature by verifying the mediating effect of brand experience and brand trust in the relationship between green sustainability efforts and brand-related outcomes. The study clarifies the direct and indirect antecedents of brand affinity, brand satisfaction and purchase intention.
Configuring urban morphological changes: the case of Damascus city in the late modern era
Authors: Alsherfawi Aljazaerly Alaa , Okyere Seth Asare , Fatemi Md. Nawrose , Frimpong Louis Kusi , Kita Michihiro 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis paper analyses changes in the activity pattern of Damascus city from late modern era (late Ottoman rule) to the contemporary era. The research objective is to explore the impact of the socio-historical process on the evolving morphological structure of the urban core and to draw implications for post-war reconstruction.Design/methodology/approachSpace Syntax methodology was employed to trace the historical and morphological changes in the urban core of Damascus. The timeframe was divided into five periods covering the city's socio-political transformation and five maps depicting these periods. Local and global integration measures were used to analyse the changes in the urban core across each period. Normalised angular choice (NACH) measure was used to identify the changes in the city planning system.FindingsThe results revealed that the urban core corresponded to the main streets, which had socio-economic importance across history. However, introducing a new planning system influenced by Western planning ideals led to the creation of multi-morphological patterns. At the city level, the study found that the urban core was more accessible in the preplanned areas, while the organic expansion of the informal settlements was exclusive of the core area. At the local level, some informal settlements showed an intense core. Intelligibility analysis revealed that earlier periods showed considerably higher values, implying declines in the ease of navigation of the city over time.Research limitationsThis study did not account for the political, economic and cultural factors that could shape morphological changes in Damascus. In addition, the study adopted historical reference points to understand the morphological changes, as high-quality geospatial data was not available to monitor the recent post-war situation.Practical implicationsThe research findings give a foundation for a more contextualised historical understanding of spatial structure and changes, which can contribute to the post-war reconstruction and redevelopment of Damascus city.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to trace historical spatial changes in Damascus from a space syntax approach, weaving together socio-historical and configurational studies. In doing so, it shows how historically informed and spatially aware urban planning and design policies can support policymakers and built environment professionals in planning and redevelopment.
Effects of misleading online advertisements on the purchase intention of mature Chinese consumers for dietary supplements
Authors: Sun Yuting , Li Yixuan 
Published: August 2023

PurposeAdvertisements for dietary supplements (DS) often include misleading claims regarding their health benefits. In this study, the authors designed an online advertisement for plant-based DS featuring misleading claims and investigated its effects on mature Chinese consumers before and after revealing the false claims. A consumer involvement framework was developed to evaluate the mediating effect of advertising involvement (AI) on the correlation between product involvement (PI), situational involvement (SI) and purchase intention (PI).Design/methodology/approachA total of 467 mature adults aged over 40 years who resided in China's Yangtze River Delta region and had experience in purchasing DS online were recruited. Relevant data were collected through an online survey and analysed through structural equation modelling.FindingsCognitive PI was positively correlated with both SI and PI and SI was positively correlated with PI. AI negatively moderated the correlation between affective PI and SI. Both cognitive PI and AI were positively correlated with PI and the correlation was mediated through SI.Originality/valueDS consumption is a rational decision-making process driven by utilitarian motives. Consumers who are aware of the misleading claims adopt a cautious evaluation approach and place themselves in specific purchase situations before making a purchase decision. This study advances the literature by incorporating the consideration of misleading advertisements into the consumer involvement model within the context of online DS consumption. The study's findings provide insights to intensify monitoring of false advertisements in the DS industry and design effective consumer education programmes.
Examining the mediating effects of sincerity and credibility in crisis communication strategies
Authors: Boman Courtney D. , Schneider Erika J. , Akin Heather 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis study aims to explore how source type can influence organizational assets proposed by source credibility theory (SCT) when paired with matched situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) strategies for accidental, preventable, and victim crises. Crisis communication delivered online provides an invaluable outlet for organizations to disperse information to stakeholders quickly. It has been shown that receivers of this information have motivational assumptions about sources having their own agenda for producing content. Thus, it is important to explore how sources tasked with delivering crisis responses can influence perceptions of the sincerity and credibility of the message.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers conducted a 3 (crisis response: matched accidental, matched preventable, matched victim) × 3 (source type: organization, CEO, The New York Times) online between-subjects experimental design (N = 623).FindingsBy identifying how the source disseminating crisis responses influences message perceptions, findings from this study recognize how the crisis response is situated in a greater context. Since perceived sincerity and credibility were found to influence message acceptance and reputation, making intentional decisions that acknowledge both within a crisis communication strategy may benefit both future practice and research applications.Originality/valueThe current study advances understandings afforded by SCCT, along with SCT, by experimentally testing the influence of these variables within crisis responses on outcomes such as account acceptance and organizational reputation.
Collaboration with universities and innovation efficiency: do relationship depth and organizational routines matter?
Authors: Lazzarotti Valentina , Puliga Gloria , Manzini Raffaella , Tallarico Salvatore , Pellegrini Luisa , Eslami Mohammad H. , Ismail Muhammad , Boer Harry 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe study aims to test the success of university-industry (U-I) collaboration in terms of innovation process efficiency. Then, this study explores the moderating role of a set of organizational routines in the U-I relationship, which can help in overcoming the issues undermining the collaboration success.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on an international Open Innovation (OI) survey. The survey investigated the items to build the main variables of the conceptual framework, measured through seven-point Likert scales. Steps to ensure the reliability and validity of the variables were conducted. Then, hypotheses were tested with an ordinary least squares regression.FindingsResults show that the higher the collaboration intensity (depth) with universities, the higher the innovation process efficiency. Furthermore, organizational routines aimed at improving firms' assimilation absorptive capacity further strengthen the positive effects of intensive collaboration on innovation process efficiency.Practical implicationsFindings indicate that R&D managers should strive to build deep collaborations with universities to enhance process efficiency and invest in the quality of these relationships. Managers should create and maintain an internal environment that further enhances the positive effects of intensive collaboration on innovation process efficiency.Originality/valueThe OI literature has not reached a shared view on the positive contribution of universities toward industrial firms' innovation performance. The study adopts a process-efficiency view, rarely used by other OI studies usually focused on output indicators; this study unpacks, respectively, the role of the intensity of collaboration and the organizational routines, thus disclosing the benefit of U-I collaboration on innovation efficiency.
Improved asymptotic expansion method for laminar fluid flow and heat transfer in conical gaps with disks rotating
Authors: Shevchuk Igor V. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to study laminar fluid flow and convective heat transfer in a conical gap at small conicity angles up to 4° for the case of disk rotation with a fixed cone.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the improved asymptotic expansion method developed by the author was applied to the self-similar Navier–Stokes equations. The characteristic Reynolds number ranged from 0.001 to 2.0, and the Prandtl numbers ranged from 0.71 to 10.

Findings
Compared to previous approaches, the improved asymptotic expansion method has an accuracy like the self-similar solution in a significantly wider range of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers. Including radial thermal conductivity in the energy equation at small conicity angle leads to insignificant deviations of the Nusselt number (maximum 1.23%).

Practical implications
This problem has applications in rheometry to experimentally determine viscosity of liquids, as well as in bioengineering and medicine, where cone-and-disk devices serve as an incubator for nurturing endothelial cells.

Social implications
The study can help design more effective devices to nurture endothelial cells, which regulate exchanges between the bloodstream and the surrounding tissues.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, novel approximate analytical solutions were obtained for the radial, tangential and axial velocity components, flow swirl angle on the disk, tangential stresses on both surfaces, as well as static pressure, which varies not only with the Reynolds number but also across the gap. These solutions are in excellent agreement with the self-similar solution.
Dynamics of breather, multi-wave, interaction and other wave solutions to the new (3+1)-dimensional integrable fourth-order equation for shallow water waves
Authors: Wang Kang-Jia 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the new (3 + 1)-dimensional integrable fourth-order nonlinear equation which is used to model the shallow water waves.

Design/methodology/approach
By means of the Cole–Hopf transform, the bilinear form of the studied equation is extracted. Then the ansatz function method combined with the symbolic computation is implemented to construct the breather, multiwave and the interaction wave solutions. In addition, the subequation method tis also used to search for the diverse travelling wave solutions.

Findings
The breather, multiwave and the interaction wave solutions and other wave solutions like the singular periodic wave structure and dark wave structure are obtained. To the author’s knowledge, the solutions obtained are all new and have never been reported before.

Originality/value
The solutions obtained in this work have never appeared in other literature and can be regarded as an extension of the solutions for the new (3 + 1)-dimensional integrable fourth-order nonlinear equation.