bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Transformable Mucoadhesive Microgel Network for Noninvasive Multimodal Imaging And Radioprotection of a Large Area of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Tian Meng , Mu Xin , Fan Dongyue , Liu Zhen , Liu Qi , Yue Kan , Song Zhiling , Luo Jie , Zhang Shiyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe lack of noninvasive imaging and modulation of a large area of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract constrain the diagnosis and treatment of many GI‐related diseases. Recent advances use novel mucoadhesive materials to coat a part of the GI tract and then modulate its functions. High mucoadhesion is the key factor of the partial coating, but also the limitation for not spreading and covering the lower GI tract. Here, a bismuth–pectin organic–inorganic hybrid complex is screened and engineered into a transformable microgel network (Bi‐GLUE) with high flowability and mucoadhesion, such that it can quickly transit through and coat a large area of the GI tract. In murine and porcine models, Bi‐GLUE delivers contrast agents to achieve real‐time, large‐area GI‐tract imaging under X‐ray or magnetic resonance modalities and to facilitate the non‐invasive diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis. Moreover, Bi‐GLUE, like an intracorporal radiation shield, decreases the radiotoxicity in a whole‐abdomen irradiation rat model. This transformable microgel network offers a new direction that can modulate a large area of the GI tract and may have broad applications for GI‐related conditions.
Strain‐Control of Cycloidal Spin Order in a Metallic Van der Waals Magnet
Authors: Du Kai , Huang Fei‐Ting , Gamage Kasun , Yang Junjie , Mostovoy Maxim , Cheong Sang‐Wook 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe manipulation of magnetism through strain control is a captivating area of research with potential applications for low‐power devices that do not require dissipative currents. Recent investigations of insulating multiferroics have unveiled tunable relationships among polar lattice distortions, Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions (DMI), and cycloidal spin orders that break inversion symmetry. These findings have raised the possibility of utilizing strain or strain gradient to manipulate intricate magnetic states by changing polarization. However, the effectiveness of manipulating cycloidal spin orders in “metallic” materials with screened magnetism‐relevant electric polarization remains uncertain. In this study, the reversible strain control of cycloidal spin textures in a metallic van der Waals magnet, Cr1/3TaS2, through the modulation of polarization and DMI induced by strain is demonstrated. With thermally‐induced biaxial strains and isothermally‐applied uniaxial strains, systematic manipulation of the sign and wavelength of the cycloidal spin textures is realized, respectively. Additionally, unprecedented reflectivity reduction under strain and domain modification at a record‐low current density are also discovered. These findings establish a connection between polarization and cycloidal spins in metallic materials and present a new avenue for utilizing the remarkable tunability of cycloidal magnetic textures and optical functionality in van der Waals metals with strain.
A Novel Pathway of Functional microRNA Uptake and Mitochondria Delivery
Authors: Liu Jiachen , Li Weili , Li Jianfeng , Song Eli , Liang Hongwei , Rong Weiwei , Jiang Xinli , Xu Nuo , Wang Wei , Qu Shuang , Gu Shouyong , Zhang Yujing , Yu Zhang Chen‐ , Zen Ke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in horizontal gene regulation. Uptake of extracellular miRNAs by recipient cells and their intracellular transport, however, remains elusive. Here RNA phase separation is shown as a novel pathway of miRNA uptake. In the presence of serum, synthetic miRNAs rapidly self‐assembly into ≈110 nm discrete nanoparticles, which enable miRNAs’ entry into different cells. Depleting serum cationic proteins prevents the formation of such nanoparticles and thus blocks miRNA uptake. Different from lipofectamine‐mediated miRNA transfection in which majority of miRNAs are accumulated in lysosomes of transfected cells, nanoparticles‐mediated miRNA uptake predominantly delivers miRNAs into mitochondria in a polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1(PNPT1)‐dependent manner. Functional assays further show that the internalized miR‐21 via miRNA phase separation enhances mitochondrial translation of cytochrome b (CYB), leading to increase in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction in HEK293T cells. The findings thus reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism for uptake and delivery functional extracellular miRNAs into mitochondria.
Bacterial Membrane Vesicles: Physiological Roles, Infection Immunology, and Applications
Authors: Gan Yixiao , Zhao Gang , Wang Zhicheng , Zhang Xingcai , Wu Mei X. , Lu Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBacterial or fungal membrane vesicles, traditionally considered as microbial metabolic wastes, are secreted mainly from the outer membrane or cell membrane of microorganisms. However, recent studies have shown that these vesicles play essential roles in direct or indirect communications among microorganisms and between microorganisms and hosts. This review aims to provide an updated understanding of the physiological functions and emerging applications of bacterial membrane vesicles, with a focus on their biogenesis, mechanisms of adsorption and invasion into host cells, immune stimulatory effects, and roles in the much‐concerned problem of bacterial resistance. Additionally, the potential applications of these vesicles as biomarkers, vaccine candidates, and drug delivery platforms are discussed.
Spontaneous Symmetry‐Breaking of Nonequilibrium Steady–States Caused by Nonlinear Electrical Transport
Authors: Bradicich Adelaide , Brown Timothy D. , Ganguli Sabyasachi , Williams R. Stanley , Shamberger Patrick J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNegative differential resistance (NDR) in certain materials has been attributed to spontaneous emergence of symmetry‐breaking electrical current density localization from a previously homogeneous distribution, which is postulated to occur due to the nonequilibrium thermodynamic force of minimization of entropy production. However, this phenomenon has not been quantitatively predicted based on intrinsic material properties and an applied electrical stimulus. Herein an instability criterion is derived for localization of current density and temperature from a thermal fluctuation in a parallel conductor model of a thin film that is subject to Newton's law of cooling. The conditions for steady–state electro‐thermal localization is predicted, verifying a decrease in entropy production upon localization. Electro‐thermal localization accompanied by a decrease of entropy production is confirmed in a multiphysics simulation of current flow in a thin film. The instability criterion predicts conditions for spontaneous current density localization, relating symmetry breaking fundamentally to dynamical instability via Local Activity theory.
Operando Reconstructed Molecule Fence to Stabilize NiFe‐Based Oxygen Evolution Catalysts
Authors: Lin Yu , Fang Jiakun , Wang Wenbin , Wen Qunlei , Huang Danji , Ding Defang , Li Zhen , Liu Youwen , Shen Yi , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEconomical NiFe‐based oxygen evolution reaction catalysts have recently gained attention for their potential to accelerate green hydrogen production through water electrolysis. However, their practical application is limited by durability issues caused by the leaching of Fe sites during operation. Here an operando reconstructed molecule fence, that is, sulfate‐anchored aromatic ring molecule, is proposed to inhibit the leaching of Fe atoms and improve the durability of NiFe‐based catalysts. With this design, the sulfate not only immobilizes the aromatic ring as the protective layer to ensure long‐term service but also leaves space for beneficial site exposure and mass penetration. Molecule fence‐protected NiFe‐based catalysts exhibit excellent stability to withstand continuous high current densities of 100 mA cm−2 for over 2200 h and frequent current fluctuations and under start‐up/shut‐down events for over 200 h. Furthermore, the implementation of optimized catalysts in industrial water electrolysis equipment operates steadily for over 100 h with an energy consumption of ≈4.18 kWh m−3 H2.
Emission or scattering? Discriminating the origin of responsiveness in AIEgen‐doped smart polymers using the TPE dye
Authors: Dini Valentina A. , Genovese Damiano , Micheletti Cosimo , Zaccheroni Nelsi , Pucci Andrea , Gualandi Chiara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE) luminogens are attractive dyes to probe polymer properties that depend on changes in chain mobility and free volume. When embedded in polymers the restriction of intramolecular motion (RIM) can lead to their photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) strong enhancement if local microviscosity increases (lowering of chain mobility and free volume). Nonetheless, measuring PLQY during stimuli, i.e. heat or mechanical stress, is technically challenging; thus, emission intensity is commonly used instead, assuming its direct correlation with the PLQY. Here, by using fluorescence lifetime as an absolute fluorescence parameter, it is demonstrated that this assumption can be invalid in many commonly encountered conditions. To this aim, different polymers are loaded with tetraphenylenethylene (TPE) and characterized during the application of thermal and mechanical stress and physical aging. Under these conditions, polymer matrix transparency variation is observed, possibly due to local changes in refractive index and to the formation of microfractures. By combining different characterization techniques, it is proved that scattering can affect the apparent emission intensity, while lifetime measurements can be used to ascertain whether the observed phenomenon is due to modifications of the photophysical properties of AIE dyes (RIM effect) or to alterations in the matrix optical properties.
Ultrasonographic monitoring of fetal eye growth parameters throughout gestation in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Jang Ha Young , Kwak Jina , Lee Seok Jae , Wu Jun , Jiang Hui , Choi Eun‐Saem , Park Chan‐Wook , Kang Byeong‐Cheol , Kim Jeong Hun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is considered an ideal species for developing genetically modified nonhuman primates (NHP) models of human disease, particularly eye disease. They have been proposed as a suitable bridge between rodents and other NHP models due to their similar ophthalmological features to humans. Prenatal ultrasonography is an accurate and reliable diagnostic tool for monitoring fetal development and congenital malformation. We monitored fetal eye growth and development using noninvasive ultrasonography in 40 heads of clinically normal fetuses during pregnancy to establish the criteria for studying congenital eye anomalies in marmosets. The coronal, sagittal, and transverse planes were useful to identify the facial structures for any associated abnormalities. For orbital measurements, biorbital distance (BOD), ocular diameter (OD), interorbital distance (IOD), and total axial length (TAL) were measured in the transverse plane and carefully identified for intraorbital structures. As a result, high correlations were observed between delivery‐based gestational age (GA) and biparietal diameter (BPD), BOD, OD, and TAL. The correlation assessments based on BOD provide more reliable results for monitoring eye growth and development in normal marmosets than any other parameters since BOD has the highest correlation coefficient according to both delivery‐based GA and BPD among ocular measurements. In conclusion, orbital measurements by prenatal ultrasonography provide reliable indicators of marmoset eye growth, and it could offer early diagnostic criteria to facilitate the development of eye disease models and novel therapies such as genome editing technologies in marmosets.
In situ Formation of Solid Electrolyte during Lithiation Process of MgCl2 Anode in an All‐Solid‐State Lithium Battery
Authors: Inoishi Atsushi , Suyama Miyuki , Kobayashi Eiichi , Okada Shigeto , Sakaebe Hikari 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state lithium batteries, which are free from the risk of liquid entanglement, are expected to have high energy densities and high safety. In this study, the omission of a solid electrolyte from the electrode and an increase in thickness of the electrode were investigated to improve the energy density of all‐solid‐state lithium batteries. We focused on MgCl2, which reversibly self‐generates a solid electrolyte during the lithiation process, as an anode material that can operate without a solid electrolyte incorporated into the electrode mixture. Indeed, the electrochemical properties of the MgCl2 electrode were approximately the same with or without a pre‐contained solid electrolyte, LiBH4. X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy analyses showed that lithiation produced Mg and LiCl, which were recovered to MgCl2 by subsequent delithiation. The available electrode thickness was also investigated, and the thickness limit for the first lithiation was found to be ∼100 μm.
Characterization of proteinous coagulant in Moringa tree seeds for water purification: Stepwise laboratory exercise for high‐school students
Authors: Oyama Hiroshi , Nabeshima Yuka , Morimoto Koichi , Sugimura Yukio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoagulation is an important process in the context of water purification; and the seed protein of the moringa tree (Moringa oleifera) is a remarkably effective coagulant. The laboratory course described here is designed to provide high‐school students with a stepwise, hands‐on experience in investigating the protein‐rich coagulant found in Moringa seeds. First, the seed powder was applied to model polluted water containing fine clay, food dyes, copper sulfate, and bacteria. This treatment changed the polluted water into clear water via coagulation; all students were convinced that the coagulation‐inducing agent was a thermostable cationic protein. Finally, basic biochemical techniques (e.g., chromatographic separation and electrophoresis) were used to show that the target coagulant is a dimeric protein composed of 6.5 and 4.5 kDa subunits. Overall, this made it possible for the students to gain a deeper understanding (more comprehensive than the information taught in formal classes) of protein structure and its real‐world implications. This stepwise exercise can be applied to research‐based learning programs in high school, as it is an effective learning tool.
Simultaneous determination of abrine, hypaphorine, schaftoside and soyasaponin Bb in rat plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Abrus cantoniensis Hance extract
Authors: Zhang Chengzhong , Bu Qitao , Li Chunyan , Lu Pengfei , Liu Chang , Huang Baokang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA simple and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was established and validated for the quantitative determination of abrine, hypaphorine, schaftoside and soyasaponin Bb in rat plasma. After preparation by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the analytes and internal standard were separated on a Waters CORTECS T3 column using acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid and 0.1% formic acid in water as mobile phase by gradient elution in 2 min. The method showed excellent linearity over the range of 5–500 ng/ml with acceptable intra‐ and inter‐day precision, accuracy, matrix effect and recovery. The stability assay indicated that the four analytes were stable during the analysis process. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study of Abrus cantoniensis Hance in rats. The result suggested that after oral administration, the four analytes were quickly absorbed into the plasma. The dose‐normalized exposure of hypaphorine was the highest with a long elimination half‐life (t1/2 9.83 h), followed by abrine and schaftoside with t1/2 values of 1.07 and 1.15 h. The dose normalized exposure of soyasaponin Bb was the lowest, which is possibily due to the high polarity and poor permeability. This study provides a basis for elucidating the material foundation of A. cantoniensis Hance.
How does the continued use of the mask affect the craniofacial region? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Marques‐Sule Elena , Espí‐López Gemma Victoria , Monzani Lucas , Suso‐Martí Luis , Rel Miriam Calderón , Arnal‐Gómez Anna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to compare the effects between pre‐pandemic mask‐free living versus pandemic‐related continuous mask use.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out. This study was conducted with 542 face mask users. Assessments included presence, frequency and impact of headache, temporomandibular disorders, and quality of life (QoL).ResultsContinuous mask use had a large main effect on headache, temporomandibular pain, and QoL (p < .0001; d = 1.25), but this effect was nuanced by mask type. Participants who declared suffering from headache increased by 84% with cloth masks, and by 25% with FFP2 masks. Temporomandibular pain increased by 50% and by 39% when wearing surgical masks and FFP2, respectively (p < .06; d = .19). The mask type did not nuance the effect on headache impact (p > .05; d = .06). QoL decreased regardless of mask type (p < .05; d = .21), the decrease being 38% for surgical masks, and 31% for either cloth or FFP2 masks.ConclusionsContinuous mask use, regardless of type, increased existence of headache, headache impact, temporomandibular pain, and reduced QoL.
The impact of FinTech development on stock price crash risk and the role of corporate social responsibility: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Quang Khai , Dang Van Cuong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the strong development of Financial Technology (FinTech) innovation in recent years, academic interest in the effect of FinTech on financial market has also increased significantly. To develop the field further, this study investigates the effect of FinTech development on future stock price crash risk and the role of corporate social responsibility in an emerging financial market. By using a sample of 662 listed firms in the Vietnamese stock exchange for the period 2011–2020 and applying the fixed‐effect and System GMM estimation method, we find that FinTech development results in increased stock price crash risk. However, corporate social responsibility disclosure can mitigate such effect. As an extension, we also provide evidence that the effect of FinTech development on crash risk is stronger and the role of corporate social responsibility disclosure becomes more important in small firms. Our findings provide several important implications for shareholders, investors, and regulators in the fields of management and investment.
Secondary Metabolites Generated from Saussurea lappa and Ligusticum sinensis Essential Oils by Microwave‐Assisted Hydrodistillation: in Silico Molecular Docking and in Vitro Antibacterial Efficacy
Authors: Abd El‐Razek Mohamed H. , Saleh Ibrahim A. , Abdel‐Halim Sally , Bata Shaymaa M. , Essa Ahmed F. , Hussien Taha A. , El‐Beih Ahmed A. , Mohamed Tarik A. , Hegazy Mohamed‐Elamir F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the current study, both the essential oil composition and biological activity of Saussurea lappa and Ligusticum sinensis were investigated by means of microwave‐assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) and characterized by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), whereas the antimicrobial efficiency of MAHD essential oils was examined against four pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans responsible for microbial infections. The goal was to spot synergy and a favorable method that gives essential oils to possibly use as alternatives to common antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections using a microdilution assay. S. lappa's 21 compounds were characterized by MAHD extraction. Sesquiterpene lactones (39.7 % MAHD) represented the major components, followed by sesquiterpene dialdehyde (25.50 % MAHD), while L. sinensis's 14 compounds were identified by MAHD extraction. Tetrahydroisobenzofurans (72.94 % MAHD) was the predominant compound class. S. lappa essential oil collection showed the strongest antimicrobial activity with MIC values of 16 μg/ml against all pathogens tested, while L. sinensis showed strong antibacterial activity and moderate antifungal activity with MIC values of 32 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml, respectively. The principal components of both oils, (velleral, eremanthin and neocnidilide), were docked into the bacterial histidine kinase (HK) and the fungal heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90).
Antiproliferative Potential of Olneya tesota PF2 Lectin in Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Villegas‐Coronado Diana , Soto‐Guzman Jesús Adriana , Martínez‐Soto Juan Manuel , Teran‐Saavedra Nayelli Guadalupe , Guzman‐Partida Ana Maria , Vazquez‐Moreno Luz , Villalba‐Villalba Ana Gloria , Maldonado Amir , Lagarda‐Diaz Irlanda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcute monocytic leukemia is a type of myeloid leukemia that develops in monocytes. The current clinical therapies for leukemia are unsatisfactory due to their side effects and nonspecificity toward target cells. Some lectins display antitumor activity and may specifically recognize cancer cells by binding to carbohydrate structures on their surface. Therefore, this study evaluated the response of the human monocytic leukemia cell lines THP‐1 to the Olneya tesota PF2 lectin. The induction of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production in PF2‐treated cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, and the lectin‐THP‐1 cell interaction and mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated by confocal fluorescence microscopy. PF2 genotoxicity was evaluated by DNA fragmentation analysis via gel electrophoresis. The results showed that PF2 binds to THP‐1 cells, triggers apoptosis and DNA degradation, changes the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increases reactive oxygen species levels in PF2‐treated THP‐1 cells. These results suggest the potential use of PF2 for developing alternative anticancer treatments with enhanced specificity.
Treatment of severe micrognathia in an adult with distraction osteogenesis: A case report
Authors: Sekido Katsuhisa , Fujiwara Kumiko , Tachinami Hidetake , Imaue Shuichi , Hanashiro Keishi , Noguchi Makoto 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageDistraction osteogenesis (DO) of the mandible is often performed at a young age, and there are few reports after age 30, as in this case. The Hybrid MMF used in this case was useful in that it allowed correction of fine directionality.AbstractDO is often performed in young patients with a high capability of osteogenesis. We performed distraction surgery for a 35‐year‐old man who had severe micrognathia with serious sleep apnea syndrome. Four years postoperatively, suitable occlusion and improvement of apnea were observed.