bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Aortic and Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Repaired Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Bobylev Dmitry , Hysko Klea , Avsar Murat , Cvitkovic Tomislav , Petena Elena , Sarikouch Samir , Bleck Mechthild Westhoff , Hansmann Georg , Haverich Axel , Horke Alexander 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives Patients with congenital heart disease frequently require surgical or percutaneous interventional valve replacement after initial congenital heart defect (CHD) repair. In some of these patients, simultaneous replacement of both semilunar valves is necessary, resulting in increased procedural complexity, morbidity, and mortality. In this study, we analyze the outcomes of simultaneous aortic and pulmonary valve replacements following multiple surgical interventions for CHD.
Methods This was a retrospective study of 24 patients who after initial repair of CHD underwent single-stage aortic and pulmonary valve replacement at our institution between 2003 and 2021.
Results The mean age of the patients was 28 ± 13 years; the mean time since the last surgery was 15 ± 11 years. Decellularized valved homografts (DVHs) were used in nine patients, and mechanical valves were implanted in seven others. In eight patients, DVHs, biological, and mechanical valves were implanted in various combinations. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 303 ± 104 minutes, and aortic cross-clamp time was 152 ± 73 minutes. Two patients died at 12 and 16 days postoperatively. At a maximum follow-up time of 17 years (mean 7 ± 5 years), 95% of the surviving patients were categorized as New York Heart Association heart failure class I.
Conclusion Single-stage aortic and pulmonary valve replacement after initial repair of CHD remains challenging with substantial perioperative mortality (8.3%). Nevertheless, long-term survival and clinical status at the latest follow-up were excellent. The valve type had no relevant impact on the postoperative course. The selection of the valves for implantation should take into account operation-specific factors—in particular reoperability—as well as the patients' wishes.
Assessing Electronic Health Literacy at an Urban Academic Hospital
Authors: Lane Sarah , Fitzsimmons Emma , Zelefksy Abraham , Klein Jonathan , Kaur Savneet , Viswanathan Shankar , Garg Madhur , Feldman Jonathan M. , Jariwala Sunit P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Residents of the Bronx suffer marked health disparities due to socioeconomic and other factors. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic worsened these health outcome disparities and health care access disparities, especially with the abrupt transition to online care.
Objectives This study classified electronic health literacy (EHL) among patients at an urban, academic hospital in the Bronx, and assessed for associations between EHL levels and various demographic characteristics.
Methods We designed a cross-sectional, observational study in adults 18 years or older presenting to the Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care (MECCC) Department of Radiation Oncology or the Montefiore Department of Medicine in the Bronx. We assessed EHL using the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) survey, a previously validated tool, and our newly developed eHealth Literacy Objective Scale-Scenario Based (eHeLiOS-SB) tool.
Results A total of 97 patients recruited from the MECCC and Department of Medicine participated in this study. There was a statistically significant association between age and EHL as assessed by both eHEALS and eHeLiOS-SB, with older adults having lower EHL scores. Additionally, a question designed to assess general attitudes toward digital health technologies found that most participants had a positive attitude toward such applications.
Conclusion Many patients, especially older adults, may require additional support to effectively navigate telehealth. Further research is warranted to optimize telemedicine strategies in this potentially-marginalized population and ultimately to create telehealth practices accessible to patients of all ages and demographics.
The Feasibility of Telemedicine in the Implementation and Management of Therapeutic Hypothermia for Infants with Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in a Resource-Limited Country
Authors: Hadid Adnan , AL-Shantout Taher S. , Terkawi Rayan S. , Aldbes Baraa M. , Zahran Manal M. , Alsatouf Fadia A. , Najjar Hani , Mughrabieh MHD Hassan , Alhadid Nour A. , Altirkawi Khalid 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Telemedicine is widely used in neonatal services in developed countries, though its outcomes in low- and middle-income countries are controversial. Lack of expertise and/or facilities, however, has limited its use in developing countries and around areas of military conflicts. We aim to study the implementation and management of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) with the help of telemedicine in a resource-limited country.
Methodology This is a retrospective study, evaluating patients who received TH, guided by telemedicine, through a mobile app (Telegram), an application that allows sharing and archiving of information with other beneficial features. We assessed the feasibility of utilizing telemedicine in guiding the application of TH to infants affected with HIE in the North-West of Syria between July 2020 and July 2021. Feasibility was measured by parameters related to the time gaps between initiation of consultation and treatment and clinical short-term outcomes.
Results Out of 5,545 newborn infants delivered during the study period, 22 patients were eligible for TH guided by telemedicine. Patients were referred for consultation at a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 137 (35–165) minutes of life. A median (IQR) of 12 (3–18) minutes elapsed between the call for a consultation and the consultant response and a median (IQR) of 30 (0–42) minutes elapsed between seeking the consultation and the initiation of cooling therapy. Eighteen patients completed cooling for 72 hours. The patients' temperatures were within the target range (33–34°C) most of the time (84.1%).
Conclusion Telemedicine is a feasible method to guide the implementation TH for HIE in resource-limited areas. The short-term success rate is relatively high; however, further studies with a larger population are needed to confirm these findings.
Comparison of the Predictive Ability of the Blood Urea Nitrogen/Albumin, C-Reactive Protein/Albumin, and Lactate/Albumin Ratios for Short-Term Mortality in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients
Authors: Özdemir Serdar , Altunok İbrahim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground Hematological parameters and their ratios are the most studied biomarkers for prediction of mortality or severe illness in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study aims to compare the power of the blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/albumin ratio, lactate/albumin ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio, measured at the time of admission, in predicting 30-day mortality in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients presenting to the emergency department (ED).Materials and Methods This retrospectively designed, single-center, observational study was performed in the ED of a tertiary education health care center. We documented the data of patients admitted with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between September 1, 2020, and January 1, 2021.Results Of the 470 patients included in the study, 232 (49.4%) were female. The all-cause 30-day mortality rate was 23.8%. The area under the curve values for the BUN/albumin ratio, lactate/albumin ratio, and CRP/albumin ratio in the prediction of 30-day mortality were 0.725, 0.641, and 0.749, respectively. Sensitivity and negative predictive value for CRP/albumin ratio (≥0.049) and specificity for BUN/albumin ratio (≥1.17) were 92.86, 94.9, and 71.23, respectively. The odds ratio values of the BUN/albumin ratio (≥1.17), CRP/albumin ratio (≥0.049), and lactate/albumin ratio (≥0.046) for 30-day mortality were determined as 4.886, 9.268, and 2.518, respectively.Conclusion The BUN/albumin ratio and CRP/albumin ratio can be used to predict 30-day mortality in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients admitted to ED. Furthermore, CRP/albumin ratio had the highest sensitivity and negative predictive value, while BUN/albumin ratio had the highest specificity.
Changes in Coagulation in Cancer Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Treatment (HIPEC)—A Systematic Review
Authors: Lundbech Mikkel , Damsbo Matilde , Krag Andreas Engel , Hvas Anne-Mette 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVenous thromboembolism and postoperative bleeding are complications of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The aim of this systematic review was to summarize current knowledge on the effect of cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC on coagulation and fibrinolysis within 10 days after surgery. Studies were identified in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on December 12, 2022. Data on biomarkers of coagulation and fibrinolysis measured preoperatively up to the 10th postoperative day were extracted. Among 15 included studies, 13 studies reported markers of primary hemostasis. Eleven studies found reduced platelet count following cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC and two studies reported reduced platelet function. Twelve studies reported impaired secondary hemostasis until postoperative day 10 indicated by prolonged international normalized ratio, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. Fibrinogen was decreased in three studies from preoperative to postoperative day 3 switching to increased levels until postoperative day 10. In accordance, three studies found reduced maximum amplitude and maximum clot firmness by thromboelastography/thromboelastometry (ROTEM/TEG) on the first postoperative day indicating impaired clot strength. Four studies demonstrated increased d-dimer, factor (F) VIII, and thrombin generation during the 10 postoperative days. Four studies investigated fibrinolysis by ROTEM/TEG and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) after cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC reporting contradictive results. In conclusion, a decrease in platelet count and subtle changes in secondary hemostasis were found following cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC. Data on the effect of cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC on fibrinolysis are sparse and this needs to be further investigated.
Increased signal separation upgrade permits preliminary electron anisotropy measurements with Heliotron J multi-pass Thomson diagnostic
Authors: Qiu Dechuan , Minami Takashi , Kado Shinichiro , Inagaki Shigeru , Wang Chenyu , Matsutani Ryo , Toba Shunsuke , Luo Maoyuan , Zhang Pengfei , Kenmochi Naoki , Ohshima Shinsuke , Kobayashi Shinji , Okada Hiroyuki , Mizuuchi Tohru , Konoshima Shigeru , Yasuhara Ryo , Nagasaki Kazunobu 
Published: February 2023

A signal separation system is constructed on the multi-pass Thomson scattering system of Heliotron J to solve the problem of overlapping scattered light signals for the electron temperature anisotropy measurement. The phenomenon of overlapping scattered light signals is relieved by operating the signal separation system. A Raman scattering experiment is undertaken to verify the separation effect of the signal separation system. Two scattered light signals corresponding to two adjacent incidences of one laser shot were extended to 104 ns. Moreover, we applied the multi-pass Thomson scattering system with signal separation system to the electron temperature anisotropy measurement. No anisotropy was observed within the error bars in the initial experiment.
In situ scanning electron microscopy of hydrogen embrittlement by near atmospheric-pressure hydrogen microplasma jet
Authors: Tomatsu Kota , Aoki Takahiro , Kobayashi Kenji , Omura Tomohiko , Hatta Akimitsu 
Published: February 2023

Elucidation of microstructures responsible for hydrogen embrittlement is hoped for research and development of high-strength low-alloy steel. For this purpose, a novel in situ scanning electron microscopy method of hydrogen embrittlement was developed by using a near atmospheric-pressure hydrogen microplasma jet excited by pulsed glow discharge. By the developed method, propagations of hydrogen embrittlement cracks in typical martensitic steel, Japanese Industrial Standards SCM435 steel, were successfully observed at frame rates at least up to 10.2 Hz with the same image quality as in high vacuum. The hydrogen microplasma jet neither elevated the specimen temperature nor damaged the specimen surface. Strain evolution prior to the crack propagations was also successfully observed in conjunction with the digital image correlation technique. It was found that a small electron scattering cross section of the hydrogen molecule, a large density of hydrogen ions in the near atmospheric-pressure microplasma jet, and stabilization of the glow discharge by the electron beam of the scanning electron microscope play a crucial role in the realization of the in situ observations.
Direct loading of Yb atoms into a 3D magneto-optical trap from a dispenser atomic source
Authors: Nomura Junia , Momma Tomohiko , Kojima Yuki , Hisai Yusuke , Kobayashi Takumi , Akamatsu Daisuke , Hong Feng-Lei 
Published: February 2023

The realization of cold atoms using a compact and low-power-consumption experimental setup is indispensable for cold atom experiments, including optical clocks and quantum simulations. We demonstrate the direct loading of Yb atoms into a 3D magneto-optical trap (MOT) from a dispenser atomic source without using a Zeeman slower. The power consumption of the dispenser was ∼3 W. Spectroscopy of the atomic beam from the dispenser on the 6s2 1S0–6s6p 1P1 Yb transition at 399 nm shows that the flux of the atomic beam reaches 1.4 × 1013 s−1 cm−2. We can load up to 4.1 × 107 atoms into the MOT with slowing and trapping laser powers of 20.3 and 35.0 mW, respectively. The realized cold atom system is reliable and can be adapted for experiments on alkaline earth and other alkaline earth-like atoms.
Dynamical formation of two-fold fragmented many-body state induced by an impurity in a double-well
Authors: Chen Jie , Mistakidis Simeon I , Schmelcher Peter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We unravel the correlated quantum quench dynamics of a single impurity immersed in a bosonic environment confined in an one-dimensional double-well potential. A particular emphasis is placed on the structure of the time-evolved many-body (MB) wave function by relying on a Schmidt decomposition whose coefficients directly quantify the number of configurations that are macroscopically populated. For a non-interacting bosonic bath and weak postquench impurity-bath interactions, we observe the dynamical formation of a two-fold fragmented MB state which is related to intra-band excitation processes of the impurity and manifests as a two-body phase separation (clustering) between the two species for repulsive (attractive) interactions. Increasing the postquench impurity-bath coupling strength leads to the destruction of the two-fold fragmentation since the impurity undergoes additional inter-band excitation dynamics. By contrast, a weakly interacting bath suppresses excitations of the bath particles and consequently the system attains a weakly fragmented MB state. Our results explicate the interplay of intra- and inter-band impurity excitations for the dynamical generation of fragmented MB states in multi-well traps and for designing specific entangled impurity states.
Physics informed neural networks for electric field distribution characteristics analysis
Authors: Zeng Xin , Zhang Shuai , Ren Chenhua , Shao Tao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Electric field calculations based on the Poisson equation have been widely used in high voltage and plasma technology. However, in practical applications, the electric field distribution in space is relatively complex, and the simulation technology based on the traditional method is often a simplification of reality, which leads to a large error between the simulation and the actual measured value. In the actual application process, due to the limitation of measurement methods, it is necessary to infer the electric field data at other locations in space according to the measurement results. Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) are introduced into the electric field calculation. PINNs are considered partial differential equation solvers based on deep neural networks. In this paper, 2D and 3D electric field distributions are discussed and compared with the finite element method. A method of dividing the dielectric distribution based on the sigmoid function is proposed, which can be effectively used to construct the spatial electric field model of the homogeneous dielectric. The combination of the data and physical model based on PINNs establishes a method to solve the inverse problem of the relative permittivity in the electric field. The results show that PINNs can calculate the distribution of the electric field according to the physical equations and different types of constraints and parameters.
Redox phase transformations in magnetite nanoparticles: impact on their composition, structure and biomedical applications
Authors: Lavorato Gabriel C , de Almeida Adriele A , Vericat Carolina , Fonticelli Mariano H 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the most investigated nanomaterials so far and modern synthesis methods currently provide an exceptional control of their size, shape, crystallinity and surface functionalization. These advances have enabled their use in different fields ranging from environmental applications to biomedicine. However, several studies have shown that the precise composition and crystal structure of magnetite NPs depend on their redox phase transformations, which have a profound impact on their physicochemical properties and, ultimately, on their technological applications. Although the physical mechanisms behind such chemical transformations in bulk materials have been known for a long time, experiments on NPs with large surface-to-volume ratios have revealed intriguing results. This article is focused on reviewing the current status of the field. Following an introduction on the fundamental properties of magnetite and other related iron oxides (including maghemite and wüstite), some basic concepts on the chemical routes to prepare iron oxide nanomaterials are presented. The key experimental techniques available to study phase transformations in iron oxides, their advantages and drawbacks to the study of nanomaterials are then discussed. The major section of this work is devoted to the topotactic oxidation of magnetite NPs and, in this regard, the cation diffusion model that accounts for the experimental results on the kinetics of the process is critically examined. Since many synthesis routes rely on the formation of monodisperse magnetite NPs via oxidation of wüstite counterparts, the modulation of their physical properties by crystal defects arising from the oxidation process is also described. Finally, the importance of a precise control of the composition and structure of magnetite-based NPs is discussed and its role in their biomedical applications is highlighted.
Effects of stochastic forces on the nonlinear behaviour of a silicon nitride membrane nanoelectromechanical resonator
Authors: Venkatachalam Srisaran , Zhou Xin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we present the effects of stochastic force generated by white noise on the nonlinear dynamics of a circular silicon nitride membrane. By tuning the membrane to the Duffing nonlinear region, detected signals switching between low- and high-amplitudes have been observed. They are generated by noise-assisted random jumps between bistable states at room temperature and exhibit high sensitivity to the driving frequency. Through artificially heating different mechanical vibration modes by external input of white noise, the switching rate exhibits exponential dependence on the effective temperature and follows with Kramer‘s law. Furthermore, both the measured switching rate and activation energy exhibit sensitivity to the width of the hysteresis window in nonlinear response and the driving force, which is in qualitative agreement with the theoretical descriptions. Besides, white noise-induced hysteresis window squeezing and bifurcation point shifting have also been observed, which are attributed to the stochastic force modulation of the spring constant of the membrane. These studies are carried out in an all-electric operating scheme at room temperature, paving the way for the exploration of probability distribution-based functional elements that can be massively integrated on-chip.
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence properties of single defects in AlGaN micropillars
Authors: Xue Yingxian , Chen Feiliang , Li Qian , Ju Zhiping , Cao Yujing , Zhang Shiyu , Yuan Xinrui , Wu Botao , Wu E 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Single-photon emitters (SPEs) are attractive as integrated platforms for quantum applications in technologically mature wide-bandgap semiconductors since their stable operation at room temperature or even at high temperatures. In this study, we systematically studied the temperature dependence of the SPE in AlGaN micropillar by experiment. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, PL intensity, radiative lifetime and second-order autocorrelation function measurements are investigated over the temperature range from 303 to 373 K. The point defects of AlGaN show strong zero phonon line in the wavelength range of 800–900 nm and highly antibunched photon emission even up to 373 K. Our study reveals a possible mechanism for linewidth broadening in AlGaN SPE at high temperatures. This indicates a possible key for on-chip integration applications based on this material operating at high temperatures.