bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Youth religious moderation model and tolerance strengthening through intellectual humility
Authors: Pajarianto Hadi , Pribadi Imam , Galugu Nur S. 
Published: February 2023

Religious moderation is a crucial issue, along with religious and cultural values that develop in society. Religious moderation’s success will significantly determine millennial Muslim youth’s tolerant attitudes, mediated by intellectual humility. This study aimed to identify and design a model of religious moderation on tolerance by mediating intellectual humility. The research used mixed methods; data analysis used NVivo 12 Plus (software by QSR International), to compile variable nominations; and Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation (PLS-SEM) creates research models. There were 350 Indonesian youth informants in the study, which used interviews and focus group discussions. The results showed that religious moderation in youth, including national commitment, antiviolence and acceptance of local culture, can strengthen tolerance, mediated by intellectual humility. The tolerant attitude shows high and stable data and confirms the strengthening of religious moderation in young people. From the identification, a model of religious moderation in youth was designed and revised, and the results have met all the requirements for modelling so that it can be continued for testing.Contribution: This research provides essential assistance in implementing religious moderation for young people, which is currently the most prevalent issue in Indonesia. The world needs a moderate religious attitude to become a middle ground for various religious and cultural differences among people globally.
Th1 and Th2 epitopes of Cowdria polymorphic gene 1 of Ehrlichia ruminantium
Authors: Ngoepe Tlou A. , Pretorius Alri , Steyn Helena C. , Van Kleef Mirinda 
Published: February 2023

Cowdria polymorphic gene 1 (cpg1, Erum2510, ERUM_RS01380) has been shown to induce 30% and 100% protection in sheep immunised by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) prime combined with DNA boost and DNA prime combined with protein boost, respectively, against heartwater infection via needle challenge. To localise its antigenic regions for inclusion in a multi-epitope DNA vaccine against heartwater, Erum2510 was cleaved into five overlapping subfragments. These subfragments were expressed individually in an Escherichia coli host expression system and evaluated for their ability to induce proliferative responses, Th1 and Th2 cytokines (interferon gamma [IFN-γ] and interleukin 4 [IL-4]) via enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot), quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry. Recombinant (r)proteins 3 and 4 were shown to induce immunodominant Th1 and Th2 immune responses characterised by the secretion of effector cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4 in addition to differential messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF), IL-2, IL-1, IL-18, IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Thirty-seven overlapping synthetic peptides (16 mer) spanning the lengths of these immunodominant rproteins were synthesised and assayed. A peptide pool comprising p9 and p10 derived from rprotein 3 induced a Th1-biased immune response. A peptide pool comprising p28 and p29 derived from rprotein 4 induced a mixed Th1 and Th2 immune response characterised by secretion of IFN-γ and differential mRNA expression of IL-1, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, iNOS, TGF, TNF and GM-CSF. Only one of the peptides (p29) induced secretion of IL-4. Phenotypic analysis showed significant activation of cluster of differentiation 8+ (CD8+), cluster of differentiation 4+ (CD4+) and B+ lymphocyte populations. Findings suggest that Erum2510 rproteins and synthetic peptides can induce both cellular and humoral immune responses, thereby implicating their importance in protection against heartwater.Contribution: This study will facilitate the design of an effective multi-epitope DNA vaccine against heartwater that will contribute to control this economically important disease in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond.
The Prognostic Properties of Thyroid Disorders, Hypothyroidism, and Hyperthyroidism in Predicting COVID-19 Poor Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Meta-analysis
Authors: Permana Hikmat , Soeriadi Erwin Affandi , Damara Fachreza Aryo , Soetedjo Nanny Natalia Mulyani 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The relationship between thyroid metabolism and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inflammation has been extensively investigated. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic properties of unspecified thyroid disorders, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism for predicting poor COVID-19 outcomes.

Methods:
We conducted systematic literature searching through multiple databases–PubMed, EBSCO and CENTRAL up until 27 September 2021. The main exposure was unspecified thyroid disorders, hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism on-admission status. The outcome of interest was the COVID-19 composite poor outcome that comprises severity, mortality, ICU admission and hospitalisation.

Results:
There were 24517 patients from 20 studies. Meta-analysis showed that thyroid disorder, regardless of its type, was associated with COVID-19 poor outcome (OR 2.92 (95% CI 2.09 – 4.08), P < 0.001; I2
= 71%, P < 0.001). Unspecified thyroid disorder has a sensitivity of 0.17 (0.08–0.33), specificity of 0.94 (0.88–0.97) and Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.66. Hypothyroidism has a sensitivity of 0.24 (0.12–0.42), specificity of 0.92 (0.87–0.96) and AUC of 0.77. Hyperthyroidism has a sensitivity of 0.05 (0.02–0.11), specificity of 0.98 (0.88–1.00) and AUC of 0.36. In this pooled analysis, the posttest probability of unspecified thyroid disease, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were 42%, 27% and 8% for poor outcomes, respectively.

Conclusion:
Thyroid disorders are associated with poor COVID-19 prognosis.
Effect of Testosterone Undecanoate on Sexual Functions, Glycaemic Parameters, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Hpogonadal Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gandhi Ronak , Kumar Padala Ravi , Pattanaik Sudhi R. , Sahoo Devadarshini 
Published: February 2023

Aims:
To study the effect of testosterone undecanoate on sexual functions, glycaemic parameters, and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:
It was an open label, single-arm interventional study where testosterone undecanoate (TU) was used in 105 T2DM males aged 30–60 years with hypogonadism. The effect of TU on sexual functions was assessed using the Aging Male Symptoms (AMS) Scale and the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) Questionnaire. The effect on glycaemic parameters, cardiovascular risk factors (lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP] and carotid intima media thickness [CIMT]) were assessed over a period of 54 weeks of TU therapy.

Results:
Prevalence of hypogonadism in T2DM patients was 19.1%, of which 74.1% had functional hypogonadism. AMS and IIEF-5 scores showed negative and positive correlation, respectively, with baseline serum testosterone levels. The AMS score showed a significant reduction of 5.8% and IIEF-5 score improved by 31.5% at 54 weeks of TU therapy. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipids such as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) were significantly reduced by 0.6%, 10.9%, 6.28%, 9.04%, and 6.77%, respectively, at 54 weeks. CIMT was significantly reduced by 2.57% at 54 weeks, whereas no significant change observed with hsCRP.

Conclusions:
TU is an effective treatment modality for hypogonadal men with T2DM, and it has beneficial effects on sexual functions, glycaemic parameters, and CV risk factors.
Study of Serum Adiponectin and Interleukin-1β Levels in Women with Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Laltlanzovi C. , Choudhury Monisha , Singh Ritu , Sharma Sunita , Raghunandan Chitra , Hrahsel Lalrinawmi 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Pregnancy is associated with alterations in the regulation of glucose metabolism caused by actions of various placental hormones and substances that antagonise the action of insulin leading to a state of relative insulin resistance as pregnancy progresses. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Adiponectin is known to be synthesised by adipocytes as well as by the placenta during pregnancy. It has an insulin-sensitising and anti-atherosclerotic actions. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a member of interleukin-1 cytokine family and is known to involve in immune-mediated disease and regulation of inflammation. Accumulating evidence indicates that diseases related to metabolic syndrome are characterised by abnormal cytokine production, including IL-1β.

Objectives:
To evaluate serum adiponectin and IL-1β levels in women with GDM and correlate their levels with blood glucose level.

Materials and Methods:
A hospital-based case–control study was conducted in which 30 cases of GDM along with age-matched normal glucose tolerance (NGT) pregnant controls were taken. Informed consent was taken and subjects were screened at 24–28th weeks of gestation for GDM by glucose challenge test (GCT), followed by oral glucose tolerance test. Socio-demographic data and clinical evaluation were done using a pre-structured perfoma. Serum concentration of adiponectin and IL-1β was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
The mean value of serum adiponectin level was significantly lower, 5.76 μg/ml SD ± 2.01351 in cases of GDM compared to NGT controls (14.12 μg/dl SD ± 4.99734), P < 0.05. A cutoff value of serum adiponectin level ≤8.7 μg/ml gave a sensitivity and specificity of 100% when used alone for identifying cases of GDM in the present study. Serum level of IL-1β was less than the detectable level (<6.5 pg/ml) in NGT controls. In this study, 26.7% of GDM cases showed levels >6.5 pg/ml (median 18.2 [12.8–34.62]), rest of the cases (73.3%) had levels less than 6.5 pg/ml. A significant inverse correlation was seen between serum adiponectin and HbA1c, pre-gestational BMI, and blood glucose level at GCT. There was no significant correlation of serum IL-1β level with any of the parameters.

Conclusion:
GDM is associated with low level of serum adiponectin, and serum adiponectin may be used as a biomarker for detecting cases of GDM to complement blood glucose level.
The effect of using various dentin matrices on bone regeneration in New Zeland white rabbits
Authors: Elkady Eman Elsayed , El-den Ragia El-prince nour , Atiba Ayman , Yasser Sarah 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
The aim of this study is evaluating the effect of using various prepartion of dentin matrices on bone regeneration in New Zeland white rabbit model.

Design
The study was conducted on fifty adult New Zealand rabbits, 20 for preparation of experimental materials and 30 for surgical procedures. They were randomly assigned into three equal groups as follow one control group: no treatment and two experimental groups including demineralized group: treated with demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) only; and mixed group: treated with a hybrid of (50% DDM + 50% undemineralized dentin matrix). A rounded critical size defect (10 mm in diameter, 5 mm in depth) was created in the body of mandible. After 3- and 6-weeks postsurgery, the bone regeneration was evaluated by light microscope and computed tomography analysis.

Results
Histological and computed tomography analysis revealed that both dentin matrices had largely resorbed and induced new bone formation at both experimental groups compared to the control group, with statistically higher percentage of new bone formation and bone mineral density in the mixed group.

Conclusion
We concluded that although both dentin matrices improve bone regeneration but, hybrid dentin matrix yielded better results compared to DDM group.
ReGeneraTing agents as matrix-based therapy loaded on gelatin/beta tricalcium phosphate sponge for the treatment of class II furcation defects in vitro
Authors: EL-Meligy Mona A. , EL-Razzak Mona Y. Abd , Al-Hessy Amal A. , Abo-Ali Sara Y. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
The experimental study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of gelatin sponge loaded with β tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with or without ReGeneraTing agent (RGTA) in the treatment of mandibular class II furcation defects in advanced periodontitis in vitro.

Materials and methods
Three Egyptian Baladi dogs were included with average age 13–16 months and average body weight of 9–10 kg. Six critical size defects class II furcation defects were created in the mandible of each dog, three in the right and three in the left mandibular second, third, and fourth premolars. All defects were made in the same way by the same operator. The defects were treated either with RGTA loaded on gelatin/β-TCP sponge or placebo loaded on gelatin sponge/β-TCP in two groups (group I and group II) that blindly received one of the treatment modalities. Samples were collected from the surgical sites of the experimental defects after 12 weeks.

Results
Histologically and histomorphometrically: there was a statistically significant difference when group I was compared with group II regarding surface area of new bone formation.

Conclusion
RGTA loaded on gelatin/β-TCP sponge could be considered as a potentiating material for periodontal regeneration.
Bone changes associated with rehabilitation of mandibular defects with polyetheretherketone removable partial implant-assisted overdentures
Authors: Qaid Randa M. Al-Hussieny , Rashad Hoda M.A. , Abutaleb Faten A.S. , Sadakah Abd E.A. Elmongy 
Published: February 2023

Background/aim
Rehabilitation of the reconstructed mandibular defect is a challenge. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing have opened a new successful approach to the fabrication of maxillofacial prostheses. This study aimed to evaluate marginal bone changes of abutments, implant, and bone graft height changes for patients treated with polyetheretherketone removable partial implant-assisted overdenture (RPIAO) in mandibular defect rehabilitation.

Patients and methods
Ten patients of both sexes (ages ranging from 55 to 65 years with mean age 60 years) having reconstructed mandibular defects and unsatisfied with their conventional partial dentures participated in the study. Each patient was rehabilitated using telescopic RPIAO. The telescopic RPIAO was fabricated digitally from milled polyetheretherketone, and the implant was inserted using a fully guided surgical guide. Marginal bone changes of abutments, implant and bone graft height changes measurements were performed using cone-beam computed tomography during the 9-month follow-up period.

Results
Range repeated measure analysis of variance was used to comparing bone parameters throwing the durations. After the 9-month follow-up period, the mean and SD of marginal bone level of implants were 7.53 ± 1.25 mm. There was a statistically significant difference between the durations where P value of 0.029. The higher bone loss around the implants occurred in the first 6 months from loading. At the end of the 9-month follow-up period, the mean and SD of marginal bone level of abutments were 10.69 ± 1.53 mm. Between the durations where P value of 0.053, there was no statistically significant difference. At the end of the 9-month follow-up period, the mean and SD of graft height was 16.43 ± 3.04. Between the durations where (P = 0.064), there was no statistically significant difference.

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this study, regarding marginal bone height around implants, there was a significant decrease in height during 6 months and decreased amount of marginal bone resorption from 6 to 9 months. While for marginal bone height around abutments and bone graft height, there was an insignificant decrease in height during the overall 9 months.
Omega 3 based formulations as new possible pulpotomy agents for primary teeth
Authors: Metwally Nancy M. , El Hosary Amina M. , El Maghraby Gamal M. , El Demellawy Maha A. , Nabil Mohamed , Deraz Elsayed M. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Pulpotomy is a therapeutic procedure comprising surgical amputation of coronally inflamed pulp. Formocresol (FC) continues to be the most widely used pulpotomy medicament for primary teeth. Unfortunately, the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of FC draw the attention for the need of an effective safer alternative. The use of natural products as capping material provides a promising substitute. Omega 3 (w3) is one of the most widely used natural material to impart therapeutic function. Oral administration of w3 showed promising anti-inflammatory effect in periodontal diseases but no investigation was conducted to monitor its effect locally in the teeth.

Objective
The aim of this work was to evaluate w3 as pulpotomy agent with reference to FC. The study was extended to assess the antimicrobial activity of the oil.

Methodology
The oil was incorporated in methylcellulose gel, zinc oxide pastes in addition to its application in neat form. In vivo study was conducted on puppies' premolars at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Different w3 based agents were applied to pulp stump's for subsequent histopathological study. An in vitro antimicrobial activity of these new agents was also assessed using resazurin microtiter assay.

Results
The histological study revealed the following: paste and neat w3 showed less inflammation and more preservation of odontoblastic layer than gel and FC. For antimicrobial assay, Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to w3 alone at the highest tested concentration, while Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans were sensitive to w3 combinations.

Conclusions
w3 is considered as a safer promising pulpotomy agent especially in paste and neat oil forms when compared to FC and it has better antibacterial effect, especially in combination with zinc oxide powder.
La ville dans le roman africain : lieu de libertinage, d’incarcération et du souvenir colonial
Authors: DIARRA Modibo 
Published: February 2023

This article is a dynamic reading of space, specifically urban space, based on two African novels: Shut Up and Die by Alain Mabanckou and The Blood of Masks by Seydou Badian. The study shows that the urban space is conducive to libertinism, but that it remains also a place of incarceration in the literal and symbolic sense. From a socio-critical study and based on spatial analysis theories, we undertake a comparative study of the two abovementioned narratives to indicate that the city in Africa and/or in Europe, even from different times, experience the same realities. Furthermore, the article demonstrates that colonization and its corollaries have influenced the behavior of men in cities whether in Africa or in Europe.
Résumé :
Cet article est une lecture dynamique de l’espace, spécifiquement de l’espace urbain, à partir de deux romans africains : Tais-toi et meurs d’Alain Mabanckou et Le Sang des masques de Seydou Badian. L’étude montre que l’espace urbain est un terrain favorable au libertinage, mais qu'il demeure aussi un endroit d’incarcération au sens propre et symbolique. À partir d’une étude sociocritique et à l’aide des théories d’analyse de l’espace, on entreprend une étude comparative des deux récits susmentionnés, pour montrer que la ville en Afrique et/ou en Europe, même à des époques différentes, connaissent les mêmes réalités. Par ailleurs, l’article montre que la colonisation et ses corollaires ont impacté le comportement des hommes dans les villes, que ce soit en Afrique ou en Europe.
Fragmentation and Discontinity in Postcolonial Edwidge Danticat's "The Dew Breaker"
Authors: LASRI Wafa Kheira 
Published: February 2023

Postcolonial novel is a genre that deals with studies which have the greatest influence, particularly silence that is voiced into speech sounds and words, a silence elucidated through gender bodies that acquire resolutions, discoveries and thus, to women’s liberations through means of not only voices of “self” but also communal that connect “persona” with past and future generations. The supporters of radical-libertarian feminism suggest that restricting women to behavior which is increased under feminine traits in itselfoppressive and that all women have shared oppression, therefore, becoming “sisters” believing that this oppression offers hope that the situation is temporary. Thus, it is better to bear in mind that those writings have no boundaries in both time and place while it isabout to gathering victims of the same influence in patriarchal societies. In literary contexts, transgression appears in different kinds of subaltern characters, the marginalized who are ready to negotiate the norms of society or a family by occupying a kind of divergent position from which new energies could be created. The power of language, too, plays an important role when it comes to characterize and define human experience.
Résumé :
Le roman postcolonial est un genre qui traite des études qui ont le plus d’influence, en particulier le silence exprimé en sons et mots de la parole, un silence élucidées à travers des organes de genre qui acquièrent des résolutions, des découvertes et ainsi, aux femmes libérations par le biais non seulement des voix du « soi » mais aussi des voix communautaires qui se connectent « persona » avec les générations passées et futures. Les partisans du féminisme radical-libertaire suggèrent que restreindre les femmes à un comportement qui est accru sous des traits féminins en soi oppressive et que toutes les femmes ont partagé l'oppression, devenant ainsi des "sœurs" croyant que cette oppression offre l'espoir que la situation est temporaire. Ainsi, il vaut mieux garder à l'esprit que ces écrits n'ont pas de frontières dans le temps et dans l'espace pendant qu'ils sont sur le point de rassembler les victimes de la même influence dans les sociétés patriarcales. En littérature contextes, la transgression apparaît dans différents types de personnages subalternes, les marginalisés qui sont prêts à négocier les normes d'une société ou d'une famille en occupant une sorte de position divergente à partir de laquelle de nouvelles énergies pourraient être créées. Le pouvoir du langage aussi joue un rôle important lorsqu'il s'agit de caractériser et de définir l'expérience humaine.
Identification of Calcium Oxalate in Urine Sediment for Consuming Caffeinated Drinks at Pauwo Village in 2021
Authors: Puluhulawa Novendra , Wiharsri  , Rini Daud Supu  
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to determine urinary calcium oxalate sediment in men and women who consume caffeinated drinks in the Pauwo Village, Bone Bolango district in 2021. The method in this study used a qualitative approach with the type of research used was descriptive univariate. The type of data used was primary data and secondary data sourced from questionnaires. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique using a sample of 30 people consisting of men and women who consumed caffeinated drinks.
The results showed that of the 30 samples of men and women who consumed caffeinated drinks in the Pauwo Village of Bone Bolango district found abnormal urine sediment as many as 21 people from 30 samples and normal urine sediment as many as 9 people from 30 samples which contained calcium oxalate urine sediment in it. The factors that influence the presence of calcium oxalate in men and women include age, gender, and duration of consuming caffeinated drinks.