bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgery versus no surgery in stage IV gallbladder carcinoma: A propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Nekarakanti Phani , K Sugumaran , Nag Hirdaya 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Patients with stage IV gallbladder cancer (GBC) have a dismal prognosis. Mostly, they are not amenable to surgical treatment. However, in some of them, a potentially curative surgical resection is possible. There is paucity of the literature comparing survival of patients with surgically resectable stage IV GBC to the patients with unresectable stage IV GBC.
Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with AJCC stage IV GBC who were managed by a surgical unit at a tertiary care center from May 2009 to March 2021. Patients were grouped into either surgery group (cases) or no surgery group (control). Cases were compared to controls for demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, and survival rates. A comparison was made in both unmatched and matched (propensity score matching 1:1 with covariates age, gender, ECOG, chemotherapy, and TNM staging) groups.
Results: The total number of patients with stage IV GBS was 120, out of that, 29 were cases, and 91 were controls. After matching, each group had 28 cases (28 + 28= 56). Post-matching AJCC stage, chemotherapy, and other parameters were equally distributed between the groups (p= 1.00). However, cases had more patients with N2 metastasis (p< 0.001), and controls had more patients with distant metastasis (p< 0.001). Cases vs. controls, overall survival before matching was 22 vs. seven months (p= 0.001) and after matching was 22 vs. 11 months (p= 0.005).
Conclusion: Patients with stage IV GBC amenable to potentially curative surgical resection (R0) have significantly better survival than patients with non-surgical treatment. Therefore, it may be more appropriate to classify these group differently.
Long-term results of breast cancer patients who received IOERT as boost during BCS: A single-institution retrospective analysis
Authors: Günay Semra , Gökçek Berk , Kandemir Özge , Akan Arzu , Yalçın Orhan 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) applied as boost to the tumor bed during breast conserving surgery is advantageous in terms of local recurrence in breast cancer patients. In addition, it has other advantages over the adjuvant boost RT such as no risk of tumor bed change, ease of sequencing radiotherapy chemotherapy, and reduced workload of the radiotherapy clinic. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of our patients who were treated with this method in our institution and are still being followed up.
Material and Methods: One hundred and three patients enrolled in this study received IOERT equivalent to 10 Gy as boost during BCS and were subsequently given adjuvant WBI according to the biological subtype of the tumor systemic therapy. These patients were analyzed using their files and hospital records. Patients were evaluated for overall survival, local recurrence, distant metastasis, and cosmetic outcome (using LENT-SOMA scale).
Results: Median age was 53,5 (27-74), mean follow-up time was 75 (48-106) months. Mean pathological tumor size was 18 mm (4-30), 90 of the patients had invasive ductal carcinoma, eight of them were lobular and five of them had mixed histological structure. Ninety-three of the patients presented histological grade II, 15 grade III; 74 patients were luminal A-like, 15 luminal B-like, eight HER2 positive and six triple negative breast cancer. According to the LENT-SOMA scale, 35 had grade 0, 42 each had grade I, 23 had grade II, and two had grade III. All patients underwent whole breast irradiation after surgery, 81 received chemotherapy and 90 endocrine therapy. There was one local recurrence, distant recurrence was seen in four patients and one patient died of non-breast cancer causes. Overall survival was %99, and event free survival %96.
Conclusion: IOERT for breast cancer treatment during BCS is a safe option with low chronic toxicity and the cosmetic outcome gets better over time.
Circulating tumor DNA for monitoring colorectal cancer: A prospective observational study to assess the presence of methylated SEPT9 and VIM promoter genes and its role as a biomarker in colorectal cancer management
Authors: Gopal Puviarasan , Ahmed Zeeshan , Venkata Ravi Kant Vishnubhotla , Rao G V , Rebala Pradeep 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Methylation status of Septin9 (SEPT9) and vimentin (VIM) genes in circulating tumor DNA of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is a promising bio-marker for the early detection of CRC. The aim of the present study was to identify the methylation status in promoter regions of the SEPT9 and VIM genes in a cohort of Indian patients with biopsy proven colorectal cancer.
Material and Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients of colorectal cancer were recruited. 10 mL venous samples were collected from each patient and processed for isolation of cell-free DNA, bisulfite conversion of cell-free DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and detection of SEPT9 and VIM genes.
Results: Partial methylation in vimentin was present in 42.22% of the patients and 57.78% showed no methylation and none of the tumors had complete methylation. Only three (6.66%) patients showed complete methylation patterns in SEPT9 and the remaining 42 (93.33%) tumors showed partial methylation. Considering the two genes together, only three (6.66%) out of 45 showed complete methylation. The association of methylation patterns in both genes (complete, partial, and no methylation) with sex, age, T stage, N stage, M stage, CEA, histology, and location (right or left colon) were explored and none of these parameters were statistically significant.
Conclusion: In our study, only 6.66% CRC patients showed hypermethylation and there was no association of methylation patterns in the both genes (complete, partial, and no methylation) with any of the parameters like age, sex, TNM stage, CEA, and histology.
Socio-economic Importance of Solar Desalination of Local Water Bodies: A Case Study of Uburu and Okposi Lakes, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Okonkwo W.I. , Ojike O. , Kolawole O.E 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Access to clean and potable water supply is the priority of many nations including the government of Nigeria towards socio-economic emancipation of the people. Due to increasing population expansion and water pollution, shortage of freshwater has become very common to many nations, particularly to the developing countries. To overcome the growing freshwater shortage, desalination has been proven to be the best alternative option towards freshwater provision for domestic and industrial applications. Desalination could be either thermal or electric methods which include multi-stage flash distillation (MSFD), multiple-effect distillation (MED), reverse osmosis (RO), or solar desalination. The innovation of solar still technology in recovery of fresh water from saline waters makes solar desalination simple and economical. A survey of socio-economic importance of solar energy desalination of saline lake waters at Uburu and Okposi communities, Ebonyi State, South eastern, Nigeria was conducted.
Methodology: A survey research design was adopted for the study in order to address an age long tradition of fuel wood utilization in salt processing activity by the local women folk of Uburu and Okposi communities using saline water from the local lakes.
Results: The survey showed that about 1,200 women were involved in the salt production activity utilizing about 26,000 tons of fuel wood per year. Translating this into monetary terms amounts to about US$$1.5 million per year. Socio-economic lives of people in the communities were negatively affected because fuel wood utilization in salt production adversely results to deforestation, environmental pollution and high cost of fuel wood in the communities. The quality and quantity (output) of salt recovering process were not commiserating to time, energy and monetary input in the process. It was observed that the distillate (freshwater portion) of the salt recovery from the saline water was not considered as an important component of the salt extraction process. This is because the salt producers were only interested on the salt extract as the only useful output of the extraction process. Recovery of freshwater component of the process could be an additional valuable income if considered.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: For sustainable salt production and freshwater recovery from the process solar desalination method was recommended for salt processing in the communities. The incorporation of solar desalination system into the age long traditional known method of salt processing will enhance salt production and boast socio-economic activities in the communities. A study of this kind is likely to help solve a major problem of acute water shortage in some communities whose water bodies are salty. The study could be a useful tool for policy makers in making rational policy that would improve and enhance salt and fresh water production as an enterprise.
Transaksi Bitcoin dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Julia Fitri Riska , Ismail M. Syukri 
Published: June 2023

Cryptocurrency adalah uang digital, yang beredar di dunia maya tidak memiliki wujud fisik, awal kemunculannya tahun 2008 oleh Satoshi Nakamoto, keamanan Crypto dilindungi oleh teknologi blokchain, namun tidak ada lembaga yang bertanggung jawab dan tidak memiliki asset yang mendasar, segala problem yang muncul, menimbulkan pro dan kontra dikalangan pakar ekonomi dan para ulama, crypto belum memenuhi beberapa unsur dan kriteria sebagai mata uang khususnya dalam prinsip Ekonomi Islam, dalam konteks uang digital tidak ada underlying yaitu aset dijadikan sebagai dasar transaksi, uang digital bukan mata uang, ada unsur ketidak jelasan gharar, harga tidak terkendali dan fungsi mata uang digital telah berkembang sekedar alat tukar menjadi komoditas investasi. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Transaksi Bitcoin dalam perspektif ekonomi syariah dan pandangan hukum islam terhadap transaksi bitcoin, teori yang digunakan adalah teori transaksi ekonomi dan penelitian ini bersifat studi pustaka (Library Research), Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam Islam transaksi yang dilakukan harus jelas, wujud, barang, dan maanfaatnya, dan tidak ada pihak yang saling dirugikan, bitcoin haram dan tidak memenuhi syarat sil’ah secara syar’i, selain itu bitcoin juga bertentangan dengan Undang- Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2011 dan Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2015, Di Indonesia alat tukar yang sah hanya satu rupiah.
PENETAPAN KADAR FLAVONOID EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH JERUK GERGA LEBONG DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Dewi Winni Fauziah  , Mulyani Elly 
Published: June 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara yang kaya akan ragam hasil alam berupa tanaman dan secara turun temurun telah banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Salah satu varietas jeruk yang dikembangkan di Provinsi Bengkulu adalah Jeruk Gerga Lebong. Diketahui dari beberapa jenis jeruk terdapat kandungan flavonoid pada bagian kulitnya. Senyawa flavonoid memiliki kemampuan untuk merubah atau mereduksi radikal bebas dan juga sebagai anti radikal bebas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan dan kadar flavonoid yang terdapat pada kulit Jeruk Gerga Lebong.
Proses ekstraksi kulit buah Jeruk Gerga Lebong dilakukan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan menggunakan peraksi HCL pekat dan serbuk Mg, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan metode spektrofotometri Uv-Vis dengan baku pembanding kuersetin.
Hasil ekstrak kulit Jeruk Gerga Lebong diperoleh sebesar 230,33gr. Hasil analisis menunjukkan positif mengandung flavonoid dengan kadar sebesar 3,249%.
Explaining the Knowledge and Attitudes of Medan City Residents in Using Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sitepu Nadroh Br , Sevrina Tasya 
Published: June 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a transmissible respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Governments should encourage telemedicine, the use of technology that combines information and communication with medical expertise to deliver health services, and the ability to diagnose and administer medical care without being held in confined spaces or remote locations. We are calling on the public to start consultations on. Study this aim for knowing description knowledge and attitude the people of Medan City in utilising telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method study character survey descriptive, taking sample use method purposive sampling with amount sample as many as 99 respondents. Research results show that the level of knowledge of the people of Medan City against telemedicine with categories good (86.9%), enough good (10.1%), and less good (3%). Attitude level the people of Medan City utilise telemedicine with categories good (66.7%), enough good (32.3%), and less good (1%). The study this is description level knowledge and attitude the people of Medan City are in category good.
Viticulture extension in response to global climate change drivers – lessons from the past and future projections
Authors: Guiot Joel , Bernigaud Nicolas , Bondeau Alberte , Bouby Laurent , Cramer Wolfgang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The potential areal extent of agricultural crops is sensitive to climate
change and its underlying drivers. To distinguish between the drivers of
past variations in the Mediterranean viticulture extension since Early
Antiquity and improve projections for the future, we propose an original
attribution method based on an emulation of offline coupled climate and
ecosystem models. The emulator connects the potential productivity of
grapevines to global direct and indirect climate drivers, notably orbital
parameters, solar and volcanic activities, demography, and greenhouse gas
concentrations. This approach is particularly useful to place the evolution
of future agrosystems in the context of their past variations. We found that variations in potential area for viticulture during the last 3 millennia in the Mediterranean Basin were mainly due to volcanic activity, while the effects of solar activity and orbital changes were negligible. In the future, as expected, the dominating factor is the increase in greenhouse gases, causing significantly drier conditions and thus major difficulties for viticulture in Spain and North Africa. These constraints will concern significant areas of the southern Mediterranean Basin when global warming exceeds +2 ∘C above preindustrial conditions. Our experiments showed that even intense volcanic activity comparable to that of the Samalas – sometimes considered to be the starting point of the Little Ice Age in the mid-13th century – would not decrease aridity and so not slow down this decline in viticulture extension in the southern margin of the Mediterranean area. This result does not confirm the idea of geoengineering that solar radiation modification (SRM) is an efficient option to limit future global warming.
História, a cultura afro-brasileira e africana representada em um livro didático utilizado em uma escola de Jaguarão/RS
Authors: Machado Juliana Porto , Machado Eduarda Porto 
Published: June 2023

O livro didático apesar de ter uma estruturação de mercado, o mesmo é também uma fonte de pesquisa e apoio ao professor e estudante, assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal refletir acerca da representação da História e da cultura afro-brasileira e africana no livro didático de História “Conexões com a História” de autoria de Alexandre Alves e Letícia de Oliveira utilizada na disciplina de História do segundo ano do ensino médio de uma escola de Jaguarão no Rio Grande do Sul.
KEPOLISEMIAN BAHASA DAERAH TOLAKI DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN
Authors: Halfian Wa Ode , Hardiawan Wawan , Masri Fina Amalia 
Published: June 2023

This research inspired by the emergence of language variations in the Tolaki community as speakers of Tolaki language. Tolaki people themselves distinguish between three types of Tolaki language, namely tulura anakia (language of the aristocratic class), tulura lolo (language of the middle class), and tulura ata (language of the slave class). The emergence of these language variations can cause ambiguity in meaning. This research was conducted because the researcher saw that there are several forms of words which if pronounced the same but have different meanings if they are arranged as a sentence, but basically the same word still has a relationship. This study aims to determine the form of polysemy in the Tolaki language. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques used in this research are the listening and speaking techniques, note-taking techniques, recording techniques and introspection techniques. The results of this study indicate that in the Tolaki regional language there are two forms of polysemy, namely polysemy in the form of root words and polysemy in the form of complex words or derivatives.
TRADISI BHANTI-BHANTI: MEMORI KOLEKTIF ORANG WAKATOBI TENTANG MALUKU
Authors: Udu Sumiman 
Published: June 2023

bhanti-bhanti Tradition, Collective Memory, Wakatobi-Maluku
Wakatobi people have a collective memory of Maluku as the brother country of their ancestors. But on the other hand, they also have a collective memory about the country of Sanggila (the nickname for Ternate and Tobelo) which always comes to arrest the people of Wakatobi Buton to be used as slaves who are traded in the country of Maluku. Therefore, their collective memory is in the tension between traumatize and romanticism. Research on collective memory will be carried out through an ethnographic perspective, so that it is hoped that it will be able to capture the various perspectives of the Wakatobi people about Maluku. Ethnographic data will be traced through bhanti-bhanti texts that have grown and developed within the Wakatobi community as their collective memory. Furthermore, field data will be obtained from the Wakatobi community, which so far has been integrated with the Maluku people. The results of this study indicate that the Wakatobi people have some collective memories about traumatic matters in the history of their relationship with Maluku, but on the other hand they also have a long romantic history with their relatives from Maluku.
Environmental Assessment of Petrophilic Bacteria Associated with ‎Bioremediation and Biodegradation of Engine Oil Contaminated Soil in ‎Maiduguri
Authors: Hambali I. U. , Allamin I. A. , Oba A. J. , Salihu I. , Yarima F. U. , Hassan A. M. , Ali F. A. , Adamu N. B. , A. O. Tijjani  , Jesse F. F. A. 
Published: June 2023

Soil contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons is a major problem resulting from activities related to petroleum industry, automobile service stations and accidental release of oil in the soil. Bioremediation/biodegradation can be considered as an effective aid to clean up oil spills, aside from conventional methods that are uneconomical and produce residues that harm the surrounding biota. There are an estimated over 250 mechanic shops with more than 5000 technicians in Maiduguri. Mechanics working therein frequently spill oil which is a potent source of immunotoxicants and carcinogenic to humans and animals. The aim of this study was to screen for petrophilic bacterial isolates from engine oil contaminated soil, that can utilize crude oil as sole source of carbon for growth in Maiduguri Metropolis. Ten isolates from engine oil contaminated soils in Bola and Tashan Kano areas of Borno State were obtained. The bacteria were individually cultured in Bushnell Haas Mineral Salt Medium devoid of carbon source except for crude oil for 21 days at 370C. Bacterial growth from visible increased turbidity was enumerated by CFU/g on nutrient agar. Pseudomonas sp. isolate exhibited relatively higher ability to grow on crude oil with TNTC followed by Bacillus sp., 6.7×104, Arthrobacter sp.,6.5×104, Flavobacterium sp.,6.2×104, Pseudomonas sp., 6×104, Nocardia sp.,5.9×104, Acinetobacter sp., 5×104, Bacillus sp., 5×104. Proteus sp., 4.7×104 and Flavobacterium sp. 4×104. It is therefore concluded that all the bacterial genera present in this study are effective hydrocarbon oil degraders.
La qualificazione giuridica dello Stato di Israele dal punto di vista della libertà religiosa
Authors: Dazzetti Stefania 
Published: June 2023

The legal qualification of the State of Israel from the point of view of religious freedom
ABSTRACT. The essay aims to analyze the crucial issue of the State of Israel's relationship with religion, the origin of a 'hybrid' model that is difficult to classify according to classical schemes of ecclesiasticist doctrine. While on the one hand, the millet system still in place in the country guarantees the pluralism of religious communities, which enjoy full normative and jurisdictional autonomy in matters pertaining to family law; on the other hand, the incorporation of Jewish law (halachah) - which exclusively regulates the institutions of Jewish marriage and divorce - among the sources of Israel's legal system makes it a confessional country. Currently, in the absence of a 'secular' discipline, only religious marriage remains recognized in the Jewish State. In recent decades, this has led to the mobilization of increasingly sectors of civil society in support of alternative forms of marriage such as civil unions.
SOMMARIO - 1. Confessionale, laico o pluralista? La difficile classificazione di un modello sui generis - 2. Tra conflitto sociale e accomodamento politico - 3. Dal pluralismo religioso al pluralismo istituzionale. La questione del matrimonio civile.
Lealtà istituzionale, fedeltà religiosa e integrità morale in democrazia
Authors: Taranto Salvatore 
Published: June 2023

Institutional loyalty, religious fidelity and moral integrity in a democracy
ABSTRACT: The deontological and contractualist ethical approach in support of democracy has limits because it does not respect personal moral autonomy. This does not allow the single person to be loyal to public institutions, faithful to religion and morally consistent. Therefore, a consequentialist approach to the rules is proposed.
SOMMARIO: 1. Democrazia e religione - 2. Laicità e libertà - 3. Ragione e morale.