bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic Insights in Advanced Cardiomyopathy of Chronic Chagasic and Idiopathic Patients that Underwent Heart Transplant
Authors: de Oliveira Raphaela M. , Paiva Mariana U. B. , Picossi Carolina R. C. , Paiva Diego V. N. , Ricart Carlos A. O. , Ruperez Francisco J. , Barbas Coral , Atik Fernando A. , Martins Aline M. A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) studies typically focus on ischemic and idiopathic heart diseases. Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) is a progressive degenerative inflammatory condition highly prevalent in Latin America that leads to a disturbance of cardiac conduction system. Despite its clinical and epidemiological importance, CCC molecular pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here we characterize and discriminate the plasma metabolomic profile of 15 patients with advanced HF referred for heart transplantation – 8 patients with CCC and 7 with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) – using gas chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Compared to the 12 heart donor individuals, also included to represent the negative control scenario, patients with advanced HF exhibited a metabolic imbalance with 21 discriminating metabolites, mostly indicative of accumulation of fatty acids, amino acids and important components of the TCA cycle. CCC vs. IDC analyses revealed a metabolic disparity between conditions, with 12 CCC distinctive metabolites vs. 11 IDC representative metabolites. Disturbances were mainly related to amino acid metabolism profile. Although mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of metabolic flexibility may be a central mechanistic event in advanced HF, metabolic imbalance differs between CCC and IDC populations, possibly explaining the dissimilar clinical course of Chagas’ patients.
Effects of Mepiquat Chloride and Plant Population Density on Leaf Photosynthesis and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Upland Cotton
Authors: Luo Haihua , Zhang Zhengxiang , wu Jianfei , wu Zhenjiang , Wen Tianwang , Tang Feiyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Mepiquat chloride (MC) application and increasing plant population density (PPD) are required for modern cotton production. However, their interactive effects on leaf physiology and carbohydrate metabolism remain obscure. This study aimed to determine how MC and PPD affect the leaf morpho-physiological charateristics, and thus final cotton yield. PPD of three levels (D1: 2.25 plants m-2, D2: 4.5 plants m-2, and D3: 6.75 plants m-2) and MC dosage of two levels (M0: 0 g ha-2, M1: 82.5 g ha-2) were combined to create six treatments. The dynamics of nonstructual carbohydrate concentration, carbon metabolism-related enzyme activity, and photosynthetic attributes in cotton leaves were examined during reproductive growth in 2019 and 2020.
Results
Among six treatments, the high PPD of 6.75 plants m-2 combined with MC application (MC1D3) exhibited the greatest seed cotton and biological yields. The sucrose, hexose, starch, and total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) concentrations peaked at first flowering (FF) stage and then declined down to a minimum at first boll opening (FBO) stage. Compared to the other treatments, MC1D3 improved starch, and TNC concentrations by 5.4–88.4%, 7.8–52.0% in 2019, and by 14.6–55.9%, 13.5–39.7% in 2020 at the FF stage, respectively; Additionally, The treatment produced higher transformation rates of starch and TNC during the FF to FBO stages, indicating greater carbon production and utilization efficiency with it. MC1D3 displayed the maximal SLW at the FBO stage, and the greatest Chl a, Chl b, and Chl a + b concentrations at the mid-late growth phase in both years. The Rubisco activity with MC1D3 was 2.6–53.2% higher at the flowering and boll setting stage in both years, and 2.4–52.7% higher at the FBO stage in 2020 than those in the other treatments. These results provided a explanation of higher leaf senescence-resistant ability in MC1D3.
Conclusion
Increasing PPD coupled with MC application improves cotton yield by enhancing leaf carbohydrate production and utilization efficiency and delaying leaf senescence.
Development of a Novel Prognostic Model for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Insights into Immune Cell Interactions and Drug Sensitivity
Authors: Wang Pu , Du Bin , Wei Lingyu , Wang Jia , Wang Jinshang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive upper gastrointestinal tumor with a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%. Therefore, developing new effective prognostic markers is of great clinical significance. In this study, we utilized datasets specific to ESCC and analyzed differentially expressed genes in each dataset. By conducting Venn analysis, we identified genes that exhibited significant differential expression across multiple datasets. Through gene interaction network analysis, we identified a core set of genes (23 genes) and established a prognostic model for ESCC using the COX algorithm (p=0.000245, 3-year AUC=0.98). The high-risk group of patients showed a significantly worse prognosis compared to the low-risk group. Furthermore, immune interaction network analysis revealed a strong association between increased risk values and an elevated presence of M2 macrophages within tumor tissues. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that the high-risk group of patients exhibited poorer sensitivity to first-line chemotherapy drugs for ESCC. Notably, there was a significant positive correlation between the expression of core genes and immune checkpoint genes such as SIGLEC15, PDCD1LG2, and HVCR2. The high-risk group exhibits decreased Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) values, indicating that immune checkpoint blockade therapy might result in more favorable outcomes for these individuals. The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy may potentially yield better outcomes for these patients. In summary, through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we have established a highly effective prognostic model consisting of 23 genes for ESCC. An increased risk score in this model indicates a stronger infiltration of M2 macrophages and poorer sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Moreover, immune checkpoint blockade therapy may hold greater benefits for patients in the high-risk group.
Research on the degree of non-stationarity in extreme precipitation in the continental United States
Authors: Shao JunBo , Wang Jingcai , Wang Wenyue , Li Fan , Wu Chen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Identifying the non-stationarity of hydrological extreme value sequences is crucial for understanding the patterns of hydrological systems and conducting reliable risk assessments. Current research on detecting non-stationarity primarily focuses on determining whether the parameters of a sequence vary through statistical tests. In this study, we introduce the concept of distributional changes in the detection of non-stationarity and propose the Cumulative Distribution Function Change Index (CDCI) as a measure to quantify the degree of non-stationarity in extreme value sequences. To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of CDCI in assessing non-stationarity, we apply it to hourly precipitation data from 102 meteorological stations in the United States for the period from 1975 to 2021. We compare CDCI with existing methods for detecting non-stationarity to validate its rationality. Additionally, we explore the relationship between distribution, non-stationarity, and return periods using CDCI. The findings of this research indicate that: (1) distributional changes can reflect the non-stationarity of the sequence, and CDCI is more sensitive in identifying non-stationarity compared to conventional methods; (2) by combining CDCI with changes in return periods, we can identify the response of the distribution to non-stationarity, including changes occurring predominantly in low or high percentiles, or changes occurring across all percentiles and their magnitude. Therefore, the results not only demonstrate the efficacy and validity of measuring the non-stationarity of hydrological extreme value sequences through distributional changes but also reveal possible relationships among non-stationarity, distributional changes, and changes in return periods.
Gravity wave analysis and stratosphere-troposphere exchange during Typhoon Molave (2020)
Authors: Chang Shujie , Huang Dong , Wan Lingfeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To investigate the stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) process induced by the gravity waves caused by typhoon “Molave” (2020) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere region, we analyzed the ERA5 reanalysis data provided by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and the tropical meteorological optimal path dataset from China Meteorological Administration. We also adopted the mesoscale forecast model Weather Research and Forecasting model, V4.3, for numerical simulation. Most of the study is about typhoon-induced STE and typhoon-induced gravity waves, so our research will provide information for the study of STE caused by typhoon-induced gravity wave breaking. Our analysis shows that in most of the time, the gravity wave signal of typhoon “Molave” appeared below the tropopause and on the east side of the typhoon center (10°N-20°N, 110°E-120°E), it was stronger than that on the west side, suggesting an eastward tilted structure with height increase. When the gravity waves in the UTLS region (100°E-108°E) which on the west side of the typhoon center broke up, it produced strong turbulent, resulting in stratosphere-troposphere exchange. At this time, \(\stackrel{-}{PVW}\), the average potential vorticity vertical flux, increased with the average ozone mass mixing ratio. The gravity wave events and STE process simulated by the WRF model are basically consistent with the results of ERA5 reanalysis data, but the time of gravity wave breaking is different. This study indicates that the distribution of typhoon-induced gravity waves is related to the background wind field, and after it is broken, it will generate turbulent mixing, causing the STE.
The protective effect of L-theanine addition to a cryoprotectant on the storage viability of lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Kwon Hyuk-Ju , Nguyen Trung Hau , Kim Jin-Seong , Kang Chang-Ho 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There is an increase in the prevalence of mental illness owing to Covid-19 and excessive work stress. Many factors influence mental health. Intestinal health is significantly associated with mental health. Probiotics are beneficial for intestinal health; therefore, research on the correlation between lactic acid bacteria and mental health is ongoing. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that metabolize sugars to obtain energy and produce a large amount of lactate through the process, are well known for their benefits. However, they can be used in a large-scale only when good storage stability is guaranteed. The vitality and stability of several LAB strains were effectively protected in this investigation by L-theanine at 1% of the appropriate concentration. (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MG5023, Enterococcus faecium MG5232, Lactococcus lactis MG4668, Streptococcus thermophilus MG5140, and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis MG741). The inclusion of L-theanine as a protective agent significantly enhanced the viability of all strains throughout the freeze-drying process compared to that of the non-coated probiotics. The efficacy of L-theanine in improving bacterial stability and survivability was evaluated using accelerated stability tests, gastrointestinal (GI) tract survivability tests and adhesion assays with intestinal epithelial cells. The cell surface was covered with substances including L-theanine, according to morphological findings, providing efficient defense against a variety of external stresses. Therefore, by exerting anti-freezing and anti-thawing properties, the adoption of L-theanine as a new and efficient protective agent may improve the stability and viability of a variety of probiotics.
Evaluating artificial diets for cucurbit fruit fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquilett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) maggots through age-stage, two sex life table approach
Authors: T SHARMITHA , Balasubramani V. , Elaiyabharathi T. , Raveendran M. , Pugalendhi L. , Kokiladevi E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The cucurbit fruit fly or melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquilett) is the most devastating pest of horticultural crops. Laboratory research with maggots and adults of fruit flies necessitates the need for mass rearing. Only a few artificial diets have been evaluated for mass rearing of Z. cucurbitae. With this mandate, the present study was formulated to evaluate the fitness of different artificial diets on Z. cucurbitae maggots in comparison with the natural hosts cucumber and pumpkin. Age-stage, two-sex life table approach was used to assess the efficacy of the artificial diets. Developmental duration (egg, maggots, pre-pupa, pupa), adult longevity, lifespan, adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), total pre-oviposition period (TPOP), oviposition period, fecundity and sex ratio were observed for life table analysis. Among the artificial diets evaluated, only D6 supported the survival and growth of maggots. Significant differences were observed in the developmental duration of maggots in D6 to the natural hosts cucumber and pumpkin. Other biological parameters and population parameters observed on the artificial diet D6 were statistically equivalent with the natural hosts. Thus, the semi-artificial solid diet D6 developed based on pumpkin and common bean powder without anti-microbial agents can promisingly be used for efficient mass rearing and laboratory research on Z. cucurbitae maggots.
Tibetan umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes improve hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting pulmonary vascular remodeling
Authors: Zhang Qingqing , Liu Hong , Liu Chuanchuan , Wang Yuxiang , Huang Pan , Wang xiaobo , Ma Yougang , Ma lan , Ge Rili 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aims
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease that involves pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulmonary vascular remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy, ultimately leading to right heart failure. However, current treatments for pulmonary hypertension have several limitations. This study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of Tibetan umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes (exos) in treating PH, and to compare their treatment efficacy with Han Chinese umbilical cord MSC exosomes.
Methods and results
A rat model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) was established in vivo to study the effects of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) supernatant. Additionally, an in vitro model of hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) injury was established. The therapeutic effects of Tibetan-MSC-exo and Han-MSC-exo on HPH were investigated using various techniques such as immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, an EdU cell proliferation kit, and Transwell assay. The results demonstrated that Tibetan-MSC-exo had a more significant impact in attenuating pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) in HPH rats compared to Han-MSC-exo. In cell culture experiments, Tibetan-MSC-exo showed a stronger inhibition of hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and migration. Furthermore, this study revealed that Tibetan-MSC-exo downregulated TGFβ1 expression in HPH rats and hypoxia-induced PASMCs to a greater extent than Han-MSC-exo. It was also observed that overexpression of the TGFβ1 gene diminished the therapeutic effects of both Tibetan-MSC-exo and Han-MSC-exo on hypoxic injury.
Conclusion
In this study, we demonstrated that Tibetan-MSC-exo exhibited a superior effect compared to Han-MSC-exo in treating HPH. Furthermore, we confirmed that this mechanism was associated with the down-regulation of the TGFβ1/p-Smad2/3 pathway.
Looking at the peat from above: application of Interferometric synthetic aperture radar to detect peatland subsidence in the Biebrza Valley
Authors: Ghezelayagh Pouya , Oleszczuk Ryszard , Stachowicz Marta , Eini Mohammad Reza , Grygoruk Mateusz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study presents an analysis of peatland surface height changes in the Biebrza Valley, Poland, using the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) on-demand cloud computing via Small Baseline Set (SBAS) technique and seasonal-annual search approach. The dataset covers the period from April 2015 to April 2022. The findings reveal a consistent rate of peatland subsidence, calculated to be 1.25 cm per year, which was validated through field surveys. The statistical analysis demonstrates the dataset’s robustness, with an R2 value of 0.94, indicating a strong correlation, while the low RMSE value of 0.23 cm suggests minimal error. The negative Pbias value of -33.6 indicates a tendency towards overestimation of the measured subsidence values. These results indicate the high precision and accuracy achieved by the InSAR products generated by the ASF DAAD HyP3 platform, providing reliable measurements at the millimeter level. Considering the extensive area of the Biebrza National Park, covering 59,717 hectares, the estimated annual volume loss of peatland is projected to reach approximately 7,500,000 cubic meters based on the observed rate of subsidence. These findings underscore the significant impact of peatland degradation and emphasize the need for continued research and proactive measures to mitigate such effects.
Obesity Modifies the Association of Race/Skin Color and COVID-19 Mortality: Analysis of a Retrospective Cohort From Southern Brazil
Authors: Silva Anelise Silva da , Santos Francine , Colucci Carolina , Olinto Maria Teresa Anselmo , Canuto Raquel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 and obesity are two concurrent, interrelated pandemics that share similarities in their social causes, including racism. It is essential to understand how their characteristics are interrelated and the possible role of obesity in the association between race/skin color and COVID-19 mortality. Thus, we investigated the relationship between race/skin color and COVID-19 mortality and the modifying effect of obesity on this relationship.
Methods
It is a retrospective cohort study. We analyzed data from 113,737 adults aged ≥ 19 years hospitalized for COVID-19 in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from March 2020 to December 2021. The study outcome was in-hospital COVID-19 mortality. Exposures included race/skin color, analyzed as White, Brown, and Black and as White and Black (Brown + Black), and obesity. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations adjusted for age, comorbidities, and health care.
Results
The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 mortality was 33.46% (95% CI 33.18–33.74). Compared with White individuals, Brown and Black individuals were 39% (95% CI 1.28–1.52) and 30% (95% CI 1.20–1.41) more likely to die from COVID-19, respectively. Brown women with obesity had the greatest likelihood of COVID-19 mortality (1.64 [95% CI 1.27–2.13]) compared with all other groups.
Conclusions
Brown and Black individuals were more likely to die from COVID-19 than White individuals. Obesity was an effect modifier of the association between race/skin color and COVID-19 mortality, increasing the risk of mortality in the group of Brown women, after adjustments.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Rehabilitation Outcomes of Traumatic and Non-Traumatic Spinal 1 Cord Injury Patients: A Comparative Study Across Different Time Periods
Authors: Altahla Ruba , Alshorman Jamal , Tao Xu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) SCI is a severe affliction that can have a profound impact on a person's ability to move and feel, affecting a significant number of individuals. However, Rehabilitation after SCI treatment remains a critical method to improve motor-sensory functions, which improves the patient's quality of life.
Objective This study aims to describe the epidemiological profile of SCI in a period of pandemic COVID-19 and without COVID-19 in China, Hubei province, Wuhan city.
Design A retrospective hospital-based study.
Setting Rehabilitation department of Wuhan’s Tongji Hospital.
Participants People who had been diagnosed with a SCI and admitted to the Rehabilitation department of Wuhan Tongji Hospital between January 2019 and May 2023 were examined retrospectively.
Interventions Not applicable. Outcome measures: Epidemiological features such as gender, age, marital status, Mechanism of spinal cord injury, work, neurological level of injury, and the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale on admission, hospitalization, and COVID-19, non-COVID-19 SCI patientswere collected.
Results The medical histories of 93 patients who were diagnosed with SCI. Forty patients with SCI from the non-COVID-19 period while 53 patients from the COVID-19 period with a mean age of 38.80±17.71 and 44.53±13.27 years, respectively, were identified. In both SCI periods male/female ratio was 2:1. The most mechanism of injury (MOI) was fall (50%) in non-COVID-19, and 37.74% in the COVID-19 period. The most common initial ASIA grade was B in non-COVID-19 and grade C in COVID-19. As well as final ASIA after treatment was grade C in non-COVID-19 and grade D in COVID-19.
conclusion SCI is more prevalent in males, and the leading causes of this condition are falls and road traffic accidents. This research suggests that workers are the group most susceptible to SCI, and preventive measures should be tailored to the specific characteristics of SCI patients and this study emphasizes the significance of SCI rehabilitation.
HOTVOLC: The official French satellite-based service for operational monitoring and early warning of volcanic ash plumes
Authors: Guéhenneux Yannick , Mathieu Gouhier 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Early detection of volcanic ash clouds is crucial to aviation safety and airspace surveillance. With the increase in air traffic and the frequency of volcanic eruptions, the need for effective warning procedures and improved detection methods has become obvious. The eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in 2010 showed that air traffic operations were severely disrupted, and highlighted the importance of effective communication strategies between stakeholders. To improve monitoring capabilities, satellite techniques have become essential due to their wide coverage and rapid response. This article presents the HOTVOLC 3.0 web-GIS interface, an enhanced version of the CNRS-INSU-certified French operational monitoring platform developed at the Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC). By integrating data from the METEOSAT second generation (MSG) satellites, HOTVOLC 3.0 enables early detection of volcanic activity and monitoring of ash plumes and clouds. The HOTVOLC service is designed to support volcanic observatories, volcano research institutes, Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAAC) and other operational actors who play a crucial role in decision-making and the implementation of effective risk management strategies for aviation safety. After a description of how the system works, we provide details of the updated web interface, which enhances the user experience by offering an interface with an operational mode and an archive mode, enabling easy access to past eruptions for training purposes. In the second part we look at the various ash-related observation products (detection algorithms and quantitative products) that are disseminated via the new interface. Finally, we explore future developments of the platform, including the use of machine learning for ash detection, the integration of data from other geostationary satellites to improve product quality, and the forthcoming arrival of data from METEOSAT Third Generation (MTG) satellites.