bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient hybrid approach for optimization using simulated annealing and grasshopper algorithm for IoT applications
Authors: Sajjad Faria , Rashid Muhammad , Zafar Afia , Zafar Kainat , Fida Benish , Arshad Ali , Riaz Saman , Dutta Ashit Kumar , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe multi-objective grasshopper optimization algorithm (MOGOA) is a relatively new algorithm inspired by the collective behavior of grasshoppers, which aims to solve multi-objective optimization problems in IoT applications. In order to enhance its performance and improve global convergence speed, the algorithm integrates simulated annealing (SA). Simulated annealing is a metaheuristic algorithm that is commonly used to improve the search capability of optimization algorithms. In the case of MOGOA, simulated annealing is integrated by employing symmetric perturbation to control the movement of grasshoppers. This helps in effectively balancing exploration and exploitation, leading to better convergence and improved performance.The paper proposes two hybrid algorithms based on MOGOA, which utilize simulated annealing for solving multi-objective optimization problems. One of these hybrid algorithms combines chaotic maps with simulated annealing and MOGOA. The purpose of incorporating simulated annealing and chaotic maps is to address the issue of slow convergence and enhance exploitation by searching high-quality regions identified by MOGOA.Experimental evaluations were conducted on thirteen different benchmark functions to assess the performance of the proposed algorithms. The results demonstrated that the introduction of simulated annealing significantly improved the convergence of MOGOA. Specifically, the IDG (Inverse Distance Generational distance) values for benchmark functions ZDT1, ZDT2, and ZDT3 were smaller than the IDG values obtained by using MOGOA alone, indicating better performance in terms of convergence. Overall, the proposed algorithms exhibit promise in solving multi-objective optimization problems.
WPO: A Whale Particle Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Huang Ko-Wei , Wu Ze-Xue , Jiang Chang-Long , Huang Zih-Hao , Lee Shih-Hsiung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetaheuristic algorithms are novel optimization algorithms often inspired by nature. In recent years, scholars have proposed various metaheuristic algorithms, such as the genetic algorithm (GA), artificial bee colony, particle swarm optimization (PSO), crow search algorithm, and whale optimization algorithm (WOA), to solve optimization problems. Among these, PSO is the most commonly used. However, different algorithms have different limitations. For example, PSO is prone to premature convergence and falls into a local optimum, whereas GA coding is difficult and uncertain. Therefore, an algorithm that can increase the computing power and particle diversity can address the limitations of existing algorithms. Therefore, this paper proposes a hybrid algorithm, called whale particle optimization (WPO), that combines the advantages of the WOA and PSO to increase particle diversity and can jump out of the local optimum. The performance of the WPO algorithm was evaluated using four optimization problems: function evaluation, image clustering, permutation flow shop scheduling, and data clustering. The test data were selected from real-life situations. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm competes well against existing algorithms.
The exploration of remote simulation strategies for the acquisition of psychomotor skills in medicine: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Guérard-Poirier Natasha , Meloche-Dumas Léamarie , Beniey Michèle , Torres Andrei , Kapralos Bill , Dhane Malek , Mercier Frédéric , Younan Rami , Dubrowski Adam , Patocskai Erica 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Progress in remote educational strategies was fueled by the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. This pilot RCT explored the efficacy of a decentralized model of simulation based on principles of observational and peer-to-peer learning for the acquisition of surgical skills.

Methods
Sixty medical students from the University of Montreal learned the running subcuticular suture in four different conditions: (1) Control group (2) Self-learning (3) Peer-learning (4) Peer-learning with expert feedback. The control group learned with error-free videos, while the others, through videos illustrating strategic sub-optimal performances to be identified and discussed by students. Performance on a simulator at the end of the learning period, was assessed by an expert using a global rating scale (GRS) and checklist (CL).

Results
Students engaging in peer-to-peer learning strategies outperformed students who learned alone. The presence of an expert, and passive vs active observational learning strategies did not impact performance.

Conclusion
This study supports the efficacy of a remote learning strategy and demonstrates how collaborative discourse optimizes the students’ acquisition of surgical skills. These remote simulation strategies create the potential for implantation in future medical curriculum design.
Trial Registration: NCT04425499 2020-05-06.
Barriers to programming education in UAE primary schools: a qualitative review from ICT teachers’ perspectives
Authors: Elsawah Wafaa , Hill Christopher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Demonstrate the importance of programming, discuss the pedagogical philosophy of how programming is taught, identify the barriers to the proper implementation of programming education in United Arab Emirates (UAE) primary schools, and find solutions to overcome these barriers.

Methodology
The study adopted a qualitative approach. Thirteen ICT teachers, from different schools in the UAE, were interviewed to investigate their perception of the teaching of programming to primary students.

Findings
The good application of programming education in UAE schools is yet to be accomplished. There is a need to reform the teaching of programming in primary schools in the UAE and to raise awareness about it and its importance in the school domain (school principals, teachers, and students).

Implications
One significant implication is that teaching programming should be taken seriously by educational policymakers and school leaders as a core subject that should be taught to all students. The study also contributed to the growing body of literature on the value of programming skills and the role of the appropriate curriculum in developing these skills.

Originality/value
This study provides new insights at both practical and scholarly levels. It can shed light on the field's expansion prospects. The outcomes of this study may assist educational policymakers in better implementing programming education, particularly in primary school. Moreover, it helps teachers better prepare for the problems that primary students may encounter with learning programming in schools.
Time to change the way we think about tuberculosis infection prevention and control in health facilities: insights from recent research
Authors: Yates Tom A. , Karat Aaron S. , Bozzani Fiammetta , McCreesh Nicky , MacGregor Hayley , Beckwith Peter G. , Govender Indira , Colvin Christopher J. , Kielmann Karina , Grant Alison D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In clinical settings where airborne pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, are prevalent, they constitute an important threat to health workers and people accessing healthcare. We report key insights from a 3-year project conducted in primary healthcare clinics in South Africa, alongside other recent tuberculosis infection prevention and control (TB-IPC) research. We discuss the fragmentation of TB-IPC policies and budgets; the characteristics of individuals attending clinics with prevalent pulmonary tuberculosis; clinic congestion and patient flow; clinic design and natural ventilation; and the facility-level determinants of the implementation (or not) of TB-IPC interventions. We present modeling studies that describe the contribution of M. tuberculosis transmission in clinics to the community tuberculosis burden and economic evaluations showing that TB-IPC interventions are highly cost-effective. We argue for a set of changes to TB-IPC, including better coordination of policymaking, clinic decongestion, changes to clinic design and building regulations, and budgeting for enablers to sustain implementation of TB-IPC interventions. Additional research is needed to find the most effective means of improving the implementation of TB-IPC interventions; to develop approaches to screening for prevalent pulmonary tuberculosis that do not rely on symptoms; and to identify groups of patients that can be seen in clinic less frequently.
A Fast and Fair Energy Transition: How Community Legal Action and New Legislation are Shaping the Global Shift to Renewable Energy
Authors: Aba Elodie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLegal action by communities affected by climate change against high carbon corporate emitters is on the rise. At the same time, with the acceleration of a transition to a net-zero carbon economy, communities impacted by the implementation and operation of renewable energy projects are increasingly challenging shortcomings in the shift to renewable energy through ‘just transition litigation’. This strategy aims to ensure that respect for human rights is at the heart of the new energy paradigm, and that human rights abuses by the fossil fuel and mining sectors are not replicated. Progressive legislative reforms may also contribute to ensuring a fast and fair transition. This article examines how legal action and legislation may provide communities and rights-holders with pathways to climate justice – and sheds light on the need for a rights-centred approach by corporate actors and governments to the new energy transition.
ON SEPARATE CONTINUITY AND SEPARATE CONVEXITY: A SYNTHETIC TREATMENT FOR FUNCTIONS AND SETS
Authors: UYANIK METIN , KHAN M. ALI 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper relies on nested postulates of separate, linear and arc-continuity of functions to define analogous properties for sets that are weaker than the requirement that the set be open or closed. This allows three novel characterisations of open or closed sets under convexity or separate convexity postulates: the first pertains to separately convex sets, the second to convex sets and the third to arbitrary subsets of a finite-dimensional Euclidean space. By relying on these constructions, we also obtain new results on the relationship between separate and joint continuity of separately quasiconcave, or separately quasiconvex functions. We present examples to show that the sufficient conditions we offer cannot be dispensed with.
ON MONOTONE INCREASING REPRESENTATION FUNCTIONS
Authors: KISS SÁNDOR Z. , SÁNDOR CSABA , YANG QUAN-HUI 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLet
$k\ge 2$
be an integer and let A be a set of nonnegative integers. The representation function
$R_{A,k}(n)$
for the set A is the number of representations of a nonnegative integer n as the sum of k terms from A. Let
$A(n)$
denote the counting function of A. Bell and Shallit [‘Counterexamples to a conjecture of Dombi in additive number theory’, Acta Math. Hung., to appear] recently gave a counterexample for a conjecture of Dombi and proved that if
$A(n)=o(n^{{(k-2)}/{k}-\epsilon })$
for some
$\epsilon>0$
, then
$R_{\mathbb {N}\setminus A,k}(n)$
is eventually strictly increasing. We improve this result to
$A(n)=O(n^{{(k-2)}/{(k-1)}})$
. We also give an example to show that this bound is best possible.
Development of knee exoskeleton for capturing energy from human knee motion
Authors: Chen Bing , Tan Jialiang , Shi Chenpu , Zi Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the design and experimental validation of a knee exoskeleton are presented. The exoskeleton can capture the negative work from the wearer’s knee motion while decreasing the muscle activities of the wearer. First, the human knee biomechanics during the normal walking is described. Then, the design of the exoskeleton is presented. The exoskeleton mainly includes a left one-way transmission mechanism, a right one-way transmission mechanism, and a front transmission mechanism. The left and right one-way transmission mechanisms are designed to capture the negative work from the wearer’s knee motion in the stance and swing phases, respectively. The front transmission mechanism is designed to transform the bidirectional rotation of the wearer’s knee joint into the generator unidirectional rotation. Additionally, the modeling and analysis of the energy harvesting of the exoskeleton is described. Finally, walking experiments are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed knee exoskeleton. The testing results verify that the developed knee exoskeleton can output a maximum power of 5.68 ± 0.23 W and an average power of 1.45 ± 0.13 W at a speed of 4.5 km/h in a gait cycle. The average rectus femoris and semitendinosus activities of the wearers in a gait cycle are decreased by 3.68% and 3.40%, respectively.
Why Do Issues “Whose Time Has Come” Stick Around? Attention Durability and the Case of Gun Control
Authors: Goss Kristin A. , Lacombe Matthew J. 
Published: July 2023

In any healthy democracy, myriad policy issues compete for the public’s attention. Most remain on the periphery of politics, either because they achieve salience only in narrow communities of interest or because they grab headlines only for brief periods of time. But sometimes issues become what we term “durable attention items”—they capture public attention and sustain it over many years. Why? We focus on one such newly durable issue—gun control in the United States. Using an original dataset of roughly 4,500 letters to the editor over a 40-year period, we demonstrate that this once-episodic issue, long dominated by a narrow constituency of pro-gun advocates, has become a mainstay of mass politics. We show that the gun issue’s growing agenda status is due entirely to pro-regulation people mobilized by a combination of contextual factors, namely regularized mass shootings and efforts to relax gun policy, working in tandem with partisan polarization. Besides offering novel evidence of a fundamental shift in American gun politics, the study contributes to our theoretical understanding of how episodic issues come to command consistent political engagement over the long term.
Effect of zinc and protein content in different barley cultivars: use of controlled release matrices
Authors: Jiménez-Rosado Mercedes , Di Foggia Michele , Rosignoli Serena , Guerrero Antonio , Rombolà Adamo Domenico , Romero Alberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Barley is one of the most consumed cereals, with many different cultivars available worldwide. Like other crops, its yield has been affected by climate change and soil degradation. This work proposes controlled-release protein-based matrices with incorporated zinc to improve barley seed germination and zinc content in the plant. Thus, the main objective of this study was to investigate the use of controlled-release protein-based matrices for massive crops, such as barley. Different barley cultivars of barley were studied: Barke, Golden Promise, Morex, WB-200, WB379, and WB-446. The seeds of each cultivar were also analyzed in order to explain the behavior of plants observed during the growth. To this end, the physico-chemical (FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, and Zn concentration) and microstructural (SEM) properties of the different seeds were firstly evaluated to establish differences between the studied cultivars. In addition, the use of controlled-release soybean protein-based matrices without zinc (M) or with zinc incorporated (MZ) was evaluated as fertilizers in the different barley cultivars. In this sense, the use of these matrices as a zinc carrier improved seed germination and zinc content in the plants, indicating that the use of matrices improves the amount of zinc assimilated by the crops (up to 30 and 50% with M and MZ, respectively) and allows the proper root growth of all cultivars of barley. In conclusion, this article shows the potential of controlled-release protein-based matrices as substitutes for conventional fertilization.
Capturing the Zeitgeist: Preserving American Music and Culture in the Mashups of DJ Earworm
Authors: Yunek Jeffrey Scott 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe discussion of narrative in mashups typically involves how a preexisting message is reinterpreted by the incorporation of new musical material. However, many scholars note how DJ Earworm's technique of creating new lyrics through the combination of samples from up to fifty different tracks conveys an original message that is distinct from its borrowed sources. In his various interviews, DJ Earworm elaborates that his mashups are original compositions that act as musical time capsules that capture the zeitgeist of the age. Nevertheless, DJ Earworm only provides brief commentary on the meaning of his mashups and there is no close examination of these narratives in the literature. This raises the question: To what degree do DJ Earworm's mashups reflect cultural issues in American society? By merging Zbikowski's concept of conceptual integration with Almén's theory of musical narrative, this paper will demonstrate how DJ Earworm's mashups show a consistent pattern of having complex narratives with cultural messages that resonate with contemporary issues in American society, including fossil fuel dependence, income inequality, and political and racial division.
HAPPy to Control: A Heuristic And Predictive Policy to Control Large Urban Drainage Systems
Authors: van der Werf J. A. , Kapelan Z. , Langeveld J. G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractModel Predictive Control (MPC) of Urban Drainage Systems (UDS) has been established as a cost‐effective method to reduce pollution. However, the operation of large UDS (containing over 20 actuators) can only be optimized by oversimplifying the UDS dynamics, potentially leading to a decrease in performance and reduction in users' trust, thus inhibiting widespread implementation of MPC procedures. A Heuristic And Predictive Policy (HAPPy) was set up, relying on the dynamic selection of the actuators with the highest impact on the UDS functioning and optimizing those in real‐time. The remaining actuators follow a pre‐set heuristic procedure. The HAPPy procedure was applied to two separate UDS in Rotterdam with the control objective being the minimization of overflow volume in each of the two cases. Results obtained show that the level of impact of the actuators on the UDS functioning changes during an event and can be predicted using a Random Forest algorithm. These predictions can be used to provide near‐global optimal actuator settings resulting in the performance of the HAPPy procedure that is comparable to a full‐MPC control and outperforming heuristic control procedures. The number of actuators selected to obtain near‐global optimal settings depends on the UDS and rainfall characteristics showing an asymptotic real‐time control (RTC) performance as the number of actuators increases. The HAPPy procedure showed different RTC dynamics for medium and large rainfall events, with the former showing a higher level of controllability than the latter. For medium events, a relatively small number of actuators suffices to achieve the potential performance improvement.
Inhibition of tyrosine kinase Fgr prevents radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF)
Authors: Mukherjee Amitava , Epperly Michael W. , Fisher Renee , Hou Wen , Shields Donna , Saiful Huq M. , Pifer Phillip M. , Mulherkar Ria , Wilhite Tyler J. , Wang Hong , Wipf Peter , Greenberger Joel S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCellular senescence is involved in the development of pulmonary fibrosis as well as in lung tissue repair and regeneration. Therefore, a strategy of removal of senescent cells by senolytic drugs may not produce the desired therapeutic result. Previously we reported that tyrosine kinase Fgr is upregulated in ionizing irradiation-induced senescent cells. Inhibition of Fgr reduces the production of profibrotic proteins by radiation-induced senescent cells in vitro; however, a mechanistic relationship between senescent cells and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) has not been established. We now report that senescent cells from the lungs of mice with RIPF, release profibrotic proteins for target cells and secrete chemotactic proteins for marrow cells. The Fgr inhibitor TL02-59, reduces this release of profibrotic chemokines from the lungs of RIPF mice, without reducing numbers of senescent cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that TL02-59 abrogates the upregulation of profibrotic genes in target cells in transwell cultures. Also, protein arrays using lung fibroblasts demonstrated that TL02-59 inhibits the production of chemokines involved in the migration of macrophages to the lung. In thoracic-irradiated mice, TL02-59 prevents RIPF, significantly reduces levels of expression of fibrotic gene products, and significantly reduces the recruitment of CD11b+ macrophages to the lungs. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from RIPF mice show increased Fgr and other senescent cell markers including p16. In human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and in RIPF, Fgr, and other senescent cell biomarkers are increased. In both mouse and human RIPF, there is an accumulation of Fgr-positive proinflammatory CD11b+ macrophages in the lungs. Thus, elevated levels of Fgr in lung senescent cells upregulate profibrotic gene products, and chemokines that might be responsible for macrophage infiltration into lungs. The detection of Fgr in senescent cells that are obtained from BAL during the development of RIPF may help predict the onset and facilitate the delivery of medical countermeasures.
Neuroprotective effect of a medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet on MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease mice: a combination of transcriptomics and metabolomics in the substantia nigra and fecal microbiome
Authors: Zhang Wenlong , Chen Shiyu , Huang Xingting , Tong Huichun , Niu Hongxin , Lu Lingli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ketogenic diet (KD) is a low carbohydrate and high-fat protein diet. It plays a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases by elevating the levels of ketone bodies in blood, regulating central and peripheral metabolism and mitochondrial functions, inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and altering the gut microbiota. However, studies on ketogenic therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still in their infancy. Therefore, we examined the possible protective effect of KD in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model, examined the mouse gut microbiota and its metabolites, and performed transcriptomics and metabolomics on the substantia nigra of mice. Our results showed that a long-term medium-chain triglyceride KD (MCT-KD) significantly reduced MPTP-induced damage to dopaminergic (DA) neurons, exerted antioxidant stress through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway, and reversed oxidative stress in DA neurons. The MCT-KD also reduced mitochondrial loss, promoted ATP production, and inhibited the activation of microglia to protect DA neurons in MPTP-induced PD mice. MCT-KD altered the gut microbiota and consequently changed the metabolism of substantia nigra neurons through gut microbiota metabolites. Compared to the MPTP group, MCT-KD increased the abundance of gut microbiota, including Blautia and Romboutsia. MCT-KD also affects purine metabolism in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) by altering fecal metabolites. This study shows that MCT-KD has multiple protective effects against PD.