bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil to High-density Lipoprotein ratio (NHR) as a potential predictor of disease severity and survival time in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Authors: Kong Yu , Chen Zhongyun , Zhang Jing , Wu Liyong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal and irreversible neurodegenerative disease. Identification of inexpensive and easy-to-implement biomarkers of CJD which could predict disease severity and patient survival is important for improving disease management. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of peripheral neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) and neutrophil to HDL ratio (NHR) for CJD.

Methods
Patients with definite or probable CJD admitted to the Neurology Department of Xuanwu Hospital from 2014 to 2021 were enrolled and followed up until April 2022. Clinical information including sex, age, Barth Index, survival time and results of auxiliary examination were collected, and NLR, HDL, NHR and MHR were measured for all enrolled patients. The associations between NLR, HDL, NHR and MHR, and disease severity (evaluated by Barth Index), survival time and auxiliary examinations were evaluated.

Results
A total of 88 CJD patients were enrolled and all were deceased. NLR (r = -0.341, p = 0.001), NHR (r = -0.346, p = 0.001) and MHR (r = -0.327, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with disease severity. Higher NHR (HR = 2.344, 95% CI = 1.277–4.303 p = 0.006) and lower HDL (HR = 0.567, 95% CI = 0.346–0.930, p = 0.025) were associated with shorter survival time in the CJD patients.

Conclusions
Peripheral inflammatory biomarkers, especially NHR, were associated with disease severity and survival duration. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms and treatment strategies of CJD.
Baloxavir safety and clinical and virologic outcomes in influenza virus-infected pediatric patients by age group: age-based pooled analysis of two pediatric studies conducted in Japan
Authors: Hirotsu Nobuo , Sakaguchi Hiroki , Fukao Keita , Kojima Satoshi , Piedra Pedro A. , Tsuchiya Kenji , Uehara Takeki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Anti-influenza treatment is important for children and is recommended in many countries. This study assessed safety, clinical, and virologic outcomes of baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) treatment in children based on age and influenza virus type/subtype.

Methods
This was a post hoc pooled analysis of two open-label non-controlled studies of a single weight-based oral dose of baloxavir (day 1) in influenza virus-infected Japanese patients aged < 6 years (n = 56) and ≥ 6 to < 12 years (n = 81). Safety, time to illness alleviation (TTIA), time to resolution of fever (TTRF), recurrence of influenza illness symptoms and fever (after day 4), virus titer, and outcomes by polymerase acidic protein variants at position I38 (PA/I38X) were evaluated.

Results
Adverse events were reported in 39.0 and 39.5% of patients < 6 years and ≥ 6 to < 12 years, respectively. Median (95% confidence interval) TTIA was 43.2 (36.3–68.4) and 45.4 (38.9–61.0) hours, and TTRF was 32.2 (26.8–37.8) and 20.7 (19.2–23.8) hours, for patients < 6 years and ≥ 6 to < 12 years, respectively. Symptom and fever recurrence was more common in patients < 6 years with influenza B (54.5 and 50.0%, respectively) compared with older patients (0 and 25.0%, respectively). Virus titers declined (day 2) for both age groups. Transient virus titer increase and PA/I38X-variants were more common for patients < 6 years.

Conclusions
The safety and effectiveness of single-dose baloxavir were observed in children across all age groups and influenza virus types. Higher rates of fever recurrence and transient virus titer increase were observed in children < 6 years.

Trial registration
Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center Clinical Trials Information JapicCTI-163,417 (registered 02 November 2016) and JapicCTI-173,811 (registered 15 December 2017).
Protective factors against suicide attempt in Iranian Kurdish women: a qualitative content analysis
Authors: Ariapooran Saeed , Khezeli Mehdi , Janjani Parisa , Jafaralilou Hamid , Narimani Sajad , Mazaheri Maryam , Khezeli Mohsen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
A proper understanding of the protective factors against suicide attempt can provide the basis for planning preventive interventions. This study aimed to identify protective factors against suicide attempt among women.

Methods
This qualitative study was conducted in Kermanshah, Iran between January and May 2021. Participants were 20 Kurdish women, survivors of suicide attempt, selected by purposive sampling method. The data collection method was face-to face and audio-recorded semi-structured interview. Qualitative data analysis was done according to Diekelmann 7-step approach.

Findings
According to the results, the main topic was protective factors against suicide attempt in women, with two categories; “Individual factors” and “Social factors”. “Individual factors” had five subcategories including coping strategies, reasons for living, resilience, religious beliefs, and fear of death, and “social factors” had two subcategories including social support and effective communication.

Conclusion
This study showed that women who intend to commit suicide may encounter some individual and social factors that play a protective role against suicide. It is recommended to identify and strengthen these protective factors for the effectiveness of suicide prevention interventions.
Feasibility of digital contact tracing in low-income settings – pilot trial for a location-based DCT app
Authors: Handmann Eric , Camanor Sia Wata , Fallah Mosoka P. , Candy Neima , Parker Davidetta , Gries André , Grünewald Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Data about the effectiveness of digital contact tracing are based on studies conducted in countries with predominantly high- or middle-income settings. Up to now, little research is done to identify specific problems for the implementation of such technique in low-income countries.

Methods
A Bluetooth-assisted GPS location-based digital contact tracing (DCT) app was tested by 141 participants during 14 days in a hospital in Monrovia, Liberia in February 2020. The DCT app was compared to a paper-based reference system. Hits between participants and 10 designated infected participants were recorded simultaneously by both methods. Additional data about GPS and Bluetooth adherence were gathered and surveys to estimate battery consumption and app adherence were conducted. DCT apps accuracy was evaluated in different settings.

Results
GPS coordinates from 101/141 (71.6%) participants were received. The number of hours recorded by the participants during the study period, true Hours Recorded (tHR), was 496.3 h (1.1% of maximum Hours recordable) during the study period. With the paper-based method 1075 hits and with the DCT app five hits of designated infected participants with other participants have been listed. Differences between true and maximum recording times were due to failed permission settings (45%), data transmission issues (11.3%), of the participants 10.1% switched off GPS and 32.5% experienced other technical or compliance problems.
In buildings, use of Bluetooth increased the accuracy of the DCT app (GPS + BT 22.9 m ± 21.6 SD vs. GPS 60.9 m ± 34.7 SD; p = 0.004). GPS accuracy in public transportation was 10.3 m ± 10.05 SD with a significant (p = 0.007) correlation between precision and phone brand. GPS resolution outdoors was 10.4 m ± 4.2 SD.

Conclusion
In our study several limitations of the DCT together with the impairment of GPS accuracy in urban settings impede the solely use of a DCT app. It could be feasible as a supplement to traditional manual contact tracing.
DKRS, DRKS00029327. Registered 20 June 2020 - Retrospectively registered.
Differences in physical activity participation among young adults in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Wilson Oliver W. A. , Smith Melody , Duncan Scott , Hinckson Erica , Mizdrak Anja , Richards Justin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to examine socio-demographic differences in physical activity (aerobic and muscle-strengthening) among young adults (18–24 years).

Methods
Data collected between 2017–2019 as a part of Sport New Zealand’s Active NZ survey were examined using logistic regression analyses to determine the odds of participants meeting aerobic, muscle-strengthening and combined physical activity recommendations. Gender, ethnicity, employment/student status, disability status, and socio-economic deprivation were included as explanatory variables in analyses.

Results
The proportion of young adults meeting recommendations varied according to physical activity type (aerobic:63.2%; strength:40.1%; combined:37.2%). Young adults not employed/studying had lower odds of meeting recommendations than those full-time employed (OR = 0.43 [0.34–0.54]). Physical activity levels differ according to gender and this intersects with ethnicity, employment/student status, and social deprivation. For example, the odds of Pasifika young adults meeting combined physical activity recommendations compared to Europeans were not different (OR = 0.95 [0.76–1.19]), but when stratified by gender the odds were significantly higher for men (OR = 1.55 [1.11–2.16]) and significantly lower for women (OR = 0.64 [0.47–0.89]. Similarly, young adults in high deprivation areas had lower odds of meeting combined physical activity recommendations than those in low deprivation areas (OR = 0.81 [0.68–0.95]), but this was mainly due to the difference among women (OR = 0.68 [0.54–0.85]) as there was no difference among men (OR = 0.97 [0.76–1.25]).

Conclusions
Intersections between socio-demographic characteristics should be considered when promoting physical activity among young adults in Aotearoa New Zealand, particularly young adults not employed/studying, and young women who live in deprived areas or identify as Asian or Pasifika. Tailored approaches according to activity type for each of these groups are required.
Comparison of conventional and extended middle meatal antrostomy for the treatment of antrochoanal polyps
Authors: Zong Huiqin , Lou Zhengcai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
The objective was to compare the recurrence rate and complications between endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy (MMA) and extended MMA for the treatment of antrochoanal polyps (ACPs).

Methods and materials
95 ACPs were prospectively enrolled to undergo MMA (n = 48) or extended MMA (n = 47). The recurrence rate and complications were compared between these groups.

Results
All patients completed 24 months of follow-up. The recurrence of ACP was demonstrated by only endoscope at 6 and 12 months postoperatively but at 24 months postoperatively by endoscope and CT. Rates of recurrence of ACP differed between groups and significance at postoperative month 6 (7/48 patients in the MMA group and 0/47 patients in the extended MMA group, P = 0.02), month 12 (16/48 vs. 2/47, P < 0.01) and month 24 (21/48 vs. 3/47, P < 0.01). No MMA closure was found in any group, 19.15% (9/47) patients complained of cheek numbness in the extended MMA group, however, no major complications were observed in both groups.

Conclusions
Extended MMA via antidromic extended medial wall of MS may effectively reduce the recurrence of ACP with lower complications.
Dietary pattern scores in relation to pre-diabetes regression to normal glycemia or progression to type 2 diabetes: a 9-year follow-up
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Hosseini Shabnam , Bahadoran Zahra , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to assess potential associations of habitual dietary pattern scores in relation to the risk of pre-diabetes (Pre-DM) progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or the chance of returning to normal glycemia.

Methods
This cohort study included 334 Pre-DM individuals (mean age of 49.4 years, and 51.5% men) who participated in the third phase of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006–2008) and followed up for a median of 9 years. A validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline assessed usual intakes of the participants. Major dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. The DASH score and Mediterranean diet score (MDS) were also calculated. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) of developing T2DM and returning to normal glycemia in relation to dietary pattern scores.

Results
During the study follow-up, 39.8% progressed to T2DM, and 39.8% returned to normal glycemia. Three following major dietary patterns, including Western-style (with a higher load of red meats, hydrogenated fats, sodium, and total fat intakes), healthy pattern (with a higher load of whole grains, vegetables, and dairy products), and processed-foods pattern (with a higher load of processed-meats, fast-foods, salty snakes, and sweets and candies) were identified. The Western-style dietary pattern increased the risk of progressing to T2DM by 38% (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.89, P = 0.050). Other dietary pattern scores were not related to regression or progression from Pre-DM.

Conclusion
The Western-style dietary pattern (characterized by higher load of red meats, hydrogenated fats, sodium intake, and high-GI foods) may accelerate the progression of Pre-DM to T2DM.
Patient and health worker perspectives on quality of HIV care and treatment services in Haiti
Authors: Puttkammer Nancy , Demes Joseph Adrien Emmanuel , Dervis Witson , Chéry Jean Marcxime , Elusdort Josette , Haight Elizabeth , Honoré Jean Guy , Simoni Jane M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Poor quality of care is a barrier to engagement in HIV care and treatment in low- and middle-income country settings. This study involved focus group discussions (FGD) with patients and health workers in two large urban hospitals to describe quality of patient education and psychosocial support services within Haiti’s national HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) program. The purpose of this qualitative study was to illuminate key gaps and salient “ingredients” for improving quality of care.

Methods
The study included 8 FGDs with a total of 26 male patients and 32 female patients and 15 smaller FGDs with 57 health workers. The analysis used a directed content analysis method, with the goal of extending existing conceptual frameworks on quality of care through rich description.

Results
Dimension of safety, patient-centeredness, accessibility, and equity were most salient. Patients noted risks to privacy with both clinic and community-based services as well as concerns with ART side effects, while health workers described risks to their own safety in providing community-based services. While patients cited examples of positive interactions with health workers that centered their needs and perspectives, they also noted concerns that inhibited trust and satisfaction with services. Health workers described difficult working conditions that challenged their ability to provide patient-centered services. Patients sought favored relationships with health workers to help them navigate the health care system, but this undermined the sense of fairness. Both patients and health workers described frustration with lack of resources to assist patients in dire poverty, and health workers described great pressure to help patients from their “own pockets.”

Conclusions
These concerns reflected the embeddedness of patient – provider interactions within a health system marked by scarcity, power dynamics between patients and health workers, and social stigma related to HIV. Reinforcing a respectful and welcoming atmosphere, timely service, privacy protection, and building patient perception of fairness in access to support could help to build patient satisfaction and care engagement in Haiti. Improving working conditions for health workers is also critical to achieving quality.
Screening for cervical cancer among women in five countries in sub-saharan Africa: analysis of the role played by distance to health facility and socio-demographic factors
Authors: Dickson Kwamena S. , Boateng Ebenezer N. K. , Acquah Evelyn , Ayebeng Castro , Addo Isaac Y. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer significantly affects women in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, limited studies have concentrated on cervical screening behaviour among women in SSA. This study aimed to assess the interplay of distance to health facilities and socio-demographic factors with cervical screening behaviour among women in five SSA countries.

Methods
The study was based on pooled data of 40,555 women included in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2013 to 2021. Proportions and logistic regression models were used in assessing the interplay of distance to health facilities and socio-demographic factors with cervical screening behaviour.

Results
Approximately, 7.9% of women that saw the distance to a health facility as a big problem, tested for cervical cancer compared to 13.5% who indicated that distance to a health facility is not a big problem. More women in urban areas, with a higher level of education, of richest wealth index, aged 40–44 years and using contraceptives who also indicated that distance to a health facility was a big problem tested for cervical cancer compared to those in rural areas with no education, of poorest wealth index, aged 15–19 years and not using contraceptives. Education, age, contraceptive use, frequent exposure to mass media and Sexual Transmitted Infections (STI) had a significant relationship with testing for cervical cancer.

Conclusion
The prevalence of cervical cancer screening was low in the five SSA countries largely due to distance barriers and was also significantly influenced by education, age, contraceptive use, frequent exposure to mass media, and STI status. To improve the screening for cervical cancer and its associated benefits in the five SSA countries, there is a need for policymakers, clinicians and public health workers to channel more commitment and efforts to addressing the barriers identified in this study.
Family physicians collaborating for health system integration: a scoping review
Authors: Grady Colleen , Han Han , Kim Da Hye , Coderre-Ball Angela M. , Alam Nadia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn Canada, Ontario Health Teams (OHTs) are a new model for integrated healthcare. Core to OHTs are family physicians (FPs) and their ability to collaborate with other FPs and healthcare providers. Whereas the factors for intra-organizational collaboration have been well-studied, inter-organizational collaboration between FPs and other healthcare organizations as an integrated care network, are less understood. This paper aims to explore the structural factors, processes, and theoretical frameworks that support FPs’ collaboration for integrated healthcare.MethodsA scoping review was undertaken based on Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping review and using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Review (PRISMA_ScR) checklist. A search for academic and relevant grey literature published between 2000–2021 was conducted across databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCOhost).Thematic analysis was used to identify the key findings of the selected studies.ResultsThirty-two studies were included as eligible for this review. Three structural components were identified as critical to FPs’ successful participation in inter-organizational partnerships: (1) shared vision/values, (2) leadership by FPs, and (3) defined decision-making procedures. Also, three processes were identified: (1) effective communication, (2) a collective sense of motivation for change, and (3) relationships built on trust. Three theoretical frameworks provided insight into collaborative initiatives: (1) Social Identity Approach, (2) framework of interprofessional collaboration, and (3) competing values framework.ConclusionFPs hold unique positions in healthcare and this review is the first to synthesize the best evidence for building collaborations between FPs and other healthcare sectors. These findings will inform collaboration strategies for healthcare integration, including with OHTs.
Biomarker prediction in autism spectrum disorder using a network-based approach
Authors: Rastegari Maryam , Salehi Najmeh , Zare-Mirakabad Fatemeh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is usually diagnosed in early childhood. Timely diagnosis and early initiation of treatments such as behavioral therapy are important in autistic people. Discovering critical genes and regulators in this disorder can lead to early diagnosis. Since the contribution of miRNAs along their targets can lead us to a better understanding of autism, we propose a framework containing two steps for gene and miRNA discovery.

Methods
The first step, called the FA_gene algorithm, finds a small set of genes involved in autism. This algorithm uses the WGCNA package to construct a co-expression network for control samples and seek modules of genes that are not reproducible in the corresponding co-expression network for autistic samples. Then, the protein–protein interaction network is constructed for genes in the non-reproducible modules and a small set of genes that may have potential roles in autism is selected based on this network. The second step, named the DMN_miRNA algorithm, detects the minimum number of miRNAs related to autism. To do this, DMN_miRNA defines an extended Set Cover algorithm over the mRNA–miRNA network, consisting of the selected genes and corresponding miRNA regulators.

Results
In the first step of the framework, the FA_gene algorithm finds a set of important genes; TP53, TNF, MAPK3, ACTB, TLR7, LCK, RAC2, EEF2, CAT, ZAP70, CD19, RPLP0, CDKN1A, CCL2, CDK4, CCL5, CTSD, CD4, RACK1, CD74; using co-expression and protein–protein interaction networks. In the second step, the DMN_miRNA algorithm extracts critical miRNAs, hsa-mir-155-5p, hsa-mir-17-5p, hsa-mir-181a-5p, hsa-mir-18a-5p, and hsa-mir-92a-1-5p, as signature regulators for autism using important genes and mRNA–miRNA network. The importance of these key genes and miRNAs is confirmed by previous studies and enrichment analysis.

Conclusion
This study suggests FA_gene and DMN_miRNA algorithms for biomarker discovery, which lead us to a list of important players in ASD with potential roles in the nervous system or neurological disorders that can be experimentally investigated as candidates for ASD diagnostic tests.