bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“On‐Water” Synthesis of Sterically Congested γ‐Ketophosphine Oxides Featuring a CF3‐ and P(O)‐Tetrasubstituted Carbon Center
Authors: Feng Man‐Hang , Ji Wen‐Jun , Huo Bo‐Jie , Xu Hao , Ma Mengtao , Shen Zhi‐Liang , Chu Xue‐Qiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe distinctive hydrophobic hydration effect in the aqueous solution contributes to the success of the phospha‐Michael reaction between β‐CF3‐β,β‐disubstituted enones and diarylphosphine oxides, providing an access to biologically relevant γ‐ketophosphine oxides bearing a sterically highly congested CF3‐ and P(O)‐tetrasubstituted carbon center. More importantly, the resulting products could be further transformed into densely functionalized γ‐ketophosphine oxides containing a CF3‐ and P(O)‐tetrasubstituted carbon center.
Creation of Environmentally Friendly Super “Dinitrotoluene Scavenger” Plants
Authors: Gao Jian‐Jie , Li Zhen‐Jun , Zhu Bo , Wang Li‐Juan , Xu Jing , Wang Bo , Fu Xiao‐Yan , Han Hong‐Juan , Zhang Wen‐Hui , Deng Yong‐Dong , Wang Yu , Zuo Zhi‐Hao , Peng Ri‐He , Tian Yong‐Sheng , Yao Quan‐Hong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPervasive environmental contamination due to the uncontrolled dispersal of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (2,4‐DNT) represents a substantial global health risk, demanding urgent intervention for the removal of this detrimental compound from affected sites and the promotion of ecological restoration. Conventional methodologies, however, are energy‐intensive, susceptible to secondary pollution, and may inadvertently increase carbon emissions. In this study, a 2,4‐DNT degradation module is designed, assembled, and validated in rice plants. Consequently, the modified rice plants acquire the ability to counteract the phytotoxicity of 2,4‐DNT. The most significant finding of this study is that these modified rice plants can completely degrade 2,4‐DNT into innocuous substances and subsequently introduce them into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Further, research reveals that the modified rice plants enable the rapid phytoremediation of 2,4‐DNT‐contaminated soil. This innovative, eco‐friendly phytoremediation approach for dinitrotoluene‐contaminated soil and water demonstrates significant potential across diverse regions, substantially contributing to carbon neutrality and sustainable development objectives by repurposing carbon and energy from organic contaminants.
A Smart Intracellular Self‐Assembling Bioorthogonal Raman Active Nanoprobe for Targeted Tumor Imaging
Authors: Tanwar Swati , Ghaemi Behnaz , Raj Piyush , Singh Aruna , Wu Lintong , Yuan Yue , Arifin Dian R. , McMahon Michael T. , Bulte Jeff W. M. , Barman Ishan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInspired by the principle of in situ self‐assembly, the development of enzyme‐activated molecular nanoprobes can have a profound impact on targeted tumor detection. However, despite their intrinsic promise, obtaining an optical readout of enzyme activity with high specificity in native milieu has proven to be challenging. Here, a fundamentally new class of Raman‐active self‐assembling bioorthogonal enzyme recognition (nanoSABER) probes for targeted tumor imaging is reported. This class of Raman probes presents narrow spectral bands reflecting their vibrational fingerprints and offers an attractive solution for optical imaging at different bio‐organization levels. The optical beacon harnesses an enzyme‐responsive peptide sequence, unique tumor‐penetrating properties, and vibrational tags with stretching frequencies in the cell‐silent Raman window. The design of nanoSABER is tailored and engineered to transform into a supramolecular structure exhibiting distinct vibrational signatures in presence of target enzyme, creating a direct causality between enzyme activity and Raman signal. Through the integration of substrate‐specific for tumor‐associated enzyme legumain, unique capabilities of nanoSABER for imaging enzyme activity at molecular, cellular, and tissue levels in combination with machine learning models are shown. These results demonstrate that the nanoSABER probe may serve as a versatile platform for Raman‐based recognition of tumor aggressiveness, drug accumulation, and therapeutic response.
Variable Ca‐Caryl Hapticity and its Consequences in Arylcalcium Dimers
Authors: Pearce Kyle G. , Dinoi Chiara , Schwamm Ryan J. , Maron Laurent , Mahon Mary F. , Hill Michael S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe dimeric β‐diketiminato calcium hydride, [(DippBDI)CaH]2 (DippBDI = HC{(Me)CN‐2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3}2), reacts with ortho‐, meta‐ or para‐tolyl mercuric compounds to afford hydridoarylcalcium compounds, [(DippBDI)2Ca2(μ‐H)(μ‐o‐,m‐,p‐tolyl)], in which dimer propagation occurs either via μ2‐η1‐η1 or μ2‐η1‐η6 bridging between the calcium centers. In each case, the orientation and hapticity of the aryl units is dependent upon the position of the methyl substituent. While wholly organometallic meta‐ and para‐tolyl dimers, [(DippBDI)Ca(m‐tolyl)]2 and [(DippBDI)Ca(p‐tolyl)]2, can be prepared and are stable, the ortho‐tolyl isomer is prone to isomerization to a calcium benzyl analog. Computational analysis of this latter process with density functional theory (DFT) highlights an unusual mechanism invoking the generation of an intermediate dicalcium species in which the group 2 centers are bridged by a toluene dianion formed by the formal attachment of the original hydride anion to the initially generated ortho‐tolyl substituent. Use of a more sterically encumbered aryl substituent, {3,5‐t‐Bu2C6H3}, facilitates the selective formation of [(DippBDI)Ca(μ‐H)(μ‐3,5‐t‐Bu2C6H3)Ca(DippBDI)], which can be converted into the unsymmetrically‐substituted σ‐aryl calcium complexes, [(DippBDI)Ca(μ‐Ph)(μ‐3,5‐t‐Bu2C6H3)Ca(DippBDI)] and [(DippBDI)Ca(μ‐p‐tolyl)(μ‐3,5‐t‐Bu2C6H3)Ca(DippBDI)] by reaction with the appropriate mercuric diaryl. Conversion of [(DippBDI)Ca(H)(Ph)Ca(DippBDI)] to afford [{{(DippBDI)Ca}2(μ2‐Cl)}2(C6H5‐C6H5)], comprising a biphenyl dianion, is also reported. Although this latter transformation is serendipitous, AIM analysis highlights that, in a related manner to the ortho‐tolyl to benzyl isomerization, the requisite C–C coupling may be facilitated in an “across dimer” fashion by the experimentally‐observed polyhapto engagement of the aryl substituents with each calcium.
Saliva DNA: An alternative biospecimen for single nucleotide polymorphism chromosomal microarray analysis in autism
Authors: Wright Dale Cameron , Baluyot Maria Lourdes , Carmichael Johanna , Darmanian Artur , Jose Ngaire , Ngo Con , Heaps Luke St , Yendle Amber , Holman Katherine , Ziso Sylvia , Khan Feroza , Masi Anne , Silove Natalie , Eapen Valsa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is typically performed for investigation of autism using blood DNA. However, blood collection poses significant challenges for autistic children with repetitive behaviors and sensory and communication issues, often necessitating physical restraint or sedation. Noninvasive saliva collection offers an alternative, however, no published studies to date have evaluated saliva DNA for CMA in autism. Furthermore, previous reports suggest that saliva is suboptimal for detecting copy number variation. We therefore aimed to evaluate saliva DNA for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) CMA in autistic children. Saliva DNA from 48 probands and parents (n = 133) was obtained with a mean concentration of 141.7 ng/μL. SNP CMA was successful in 131/133 (98.5%) patients from which we correlated the size and accuracy of a copy number variant(s) called between a proband and carrier parent, and for a subgroup (n = 17 probands) who had a previous CMA using blood sample. There were no discordant copy number variant results between the proband and carrier parent, or the subgroup, however, there was an acceptable mean size difference of 0.009 and 0.07 Mb, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that saliva DNA can be an alternative for SNP CMA in autism, which avoids blood collection with significant implications for clinical practice guidelines.
Combination of omalizumab with allergen immunotherapy versus immunotherapy alone for allergic diseases: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Ying‐Ying , Zhang Min , Zhang Jia‐Qi , Li Qiu‐Qi , Lu Mei‐Ping , Cheng Lei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAllergen immunotherapy (AIT)‐associated adverse events (AEs) limit its usage in the management of allergic diseases. The monoclonal anti‐IgE antibody (omalizumab) and AIT have complementary actions. However, no consensus has been reached on whether their combination could exert superior efficacy and safety.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the combination of AIT with omalizumab is superior to AIT alone in treating allergic diseases.MethodsThe MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify randomized control trials (RCTs) reporting the outcomes of omalizumab combined with AIT (omalizumab + AIT) versus AIT alone. A random‐effect model was established to estimate outcomes with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 11 eligible RCTs (involving 901 patients) were screened out for the meta‐analysis. According to a pooled analysis, omalizumab + AIT significantly increased the number of patients achieving the target maintenance dose (TMD) and sustained unresponsiveness (SU) to allergens (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.33–4.44; p = 0.004; I2 = 35%, and OR = 6.77; 95% CI: 2.10–21.80; p = 0.001; I2 = 36%, respectively). Similarly, individuals receiving the combination therapy reported significantly fewer episodes of severe systemic AEs than AIT alone (OR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.18–0.59; p = 0.0003; I2 = 0%). Meanwhile, the improvements in symptom severity score (mean difference [MD] = −0.26), rescue medication daily means score (MD = −0.14), and number of patients consuming epinephrine in AIT (OR = 0.20) were all more evident than those in AIT alone.ConclusionOmalizumab + AIT can significantly enhance the efficacy and safety of AIT by increasing TMD and SU to allergens, while decreasing severe systemic AEs.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Status Dystonicus in Children: Multicenter Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Vogt Lindsey M. , Yan Han , Santyr Brendan , Breitbart Sara , Anderson Melanie , Germann Jürgen , Lizarraga Karlo J. , Hewitt Angela L. , Fasano Alfonso , Ibrahim George M. , Gorodetsky Carolina 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveWe sought to better understand the workflow, outcomes, and complications of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for pediatric status dystonicus (SD). We present a systematic review, alongside a multicenter case series of pediatric patients with SD treated with DBS.MethodsWe collected individual data regarding treatment, stimulation parameters, and dystonia severity for a multicenter case series (n = 8) and all previously published cases (n = 77). Data for case series were used to create probabilistic voxelwise maps of stimulated tissue associated with dystonia improvement.ResultsIn our institutional series, DBS was implanted a mean of 25 days after SD onset. Programming began a mean of 1.6 days after surgery. All 8 patients in our case series and 73 of 74 reported patients in the systematic review had resolution of their SD with DBS, most within 2 to 4 weeks of surgery. Mean follow‐up for patients in the case series was 16 months. DBS target for all patients in the case series and 68 of 77 in our systematic review was the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi). In our case series, stimulation of the posterior–ventrolateral GPi was associated with improved dystonia. Mean dystonia improvement was 32% and 51% in our institutional series and systematic review, respectively. Mortality was 4% in the review, which is lower than reported for treatment with pharmacotherapy alone (10–12.5%).InterpretationDBS is a feasible intervention with potential to reverse refractory pediatric SD and improve survival. More work is needed to increase awareness of DBS in this setting, so that it can be implemented in a timely manner. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:156–173
Probe Response of an Optomechanical System with Optomechanical Coupling Modulated Periodically
Authors: Chen Shan‐Shan , Hong Deng , Yang Guo‐Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, the probe response of a cavity optomechanical system with periodic modulation of the optomechanical coupling is investigated. The modulation arises from the beat effect between two external coherent driving lights, with the beat frequency matching the modulation frequency. The transmission coefficient is derived for the probe field and significant amplification, rather than absorption in the conventional optomechanically induced transparency schemes, is observed near the transparent point when the modulation is introduced. In addition, the coupling modulation can also enhance the slow light effect.
Quantum Zeno and Anti‐Zeno Effects in the Dynamics of Non‐Degenerate Hyper‐Raman Processes Coupled to Two Linear Waveguides
Authors: Das Moumita , Sen Biswajit , Thapliyal Kishore , Pathak Anirban 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effect of the presence of two probe waveguides on the dynamics of hyper‐Raman processes is studied in terms of quantum Zeno and anti‐Zeno effects. Specifically, the enhancement (diminution) of the evolution of the hyper‐Raman processes due to interaction with the probe waveguides via evanescent waves is viewed as quantum Zeno (anti‐Zeno) effect. This study considers the two probe waveguides interacting with only one of the optical modes at a time. For instance, as a specific scenario, it is considered that the two non‐degenerate pump modes interact with each probe waveguide linearly, while Stokes and anti‐Stokes modes do not interact with the probes. Similarly, in another scenario, it is assumed both the probe waveguides interact with Stokes (anti‐Stokes) mode simultaneously. The present results show that quantum Zeno (anti‐Zeno) effect is associated with phase‐matching (mismatching). However, it do not find any relation between the presence of the quantum Zeno effect and antibunching in the bosonic modes present in the hyper‐Raman processes.
Infrared Absorber Leveling in Ultra‐Wideband by Using Hybrid Plasmonic Structure
Authors: Xu Xing Yu , Liang Zhong Zhu , Qin Li , Su Xue Mei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, an effective ultra‐broadband absorber in long‐wavelength infrared is achieved by a metal‐insulator‐metasurface (MIM) stacked structure. This absorber exhibits an average absorption of 90% at wavelengths ranging from 8 to 14 µm and a maximum absorption rate of up to 97.1%. It is found that the performance is achieved by three mode combinations. The ultra‐broadband leveling absorber is to be polarization‐independent due to its geometrical symmetry. The absorption property can be controlled by the parameters of the triangle unit. It has great potential in many applications such as infrared detection and imaging.
The myth of gender neutrality in family court: A clinician's perspective on determinations of “the best interest of the child”
Authors: Brandt Stephanie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMisogyny is a universal prejudice against women manifest in all areas of society. To interrogate the nature of this prejudice, the author uses the family court system as her focus. The myth of gender neutrality in family court is pervasive. Current laws are framed around the assumption that both parents are on a level playing field. The reality is that our legal system is biased against mothers. This often reveals itself in the way courts make determinations of “the best interests of the child”. Family court is a microcosm of societal attitudes about parents, especially mothers, and related beliefs about what protects children. A brief review of family law and the “best interest” standard follows as well as a review of what we know and do not know about what is protective for children. The author reviews the problems inherent in family law and mental health training and practice—forensic and clinical. Although mandated to protect children, family court decisions sometimes have the opposite impact, and at times, even endangering the most protective parent and the child. This occurs mainly by devaluing the caretaking role while requiring the more responsible parent to facilitate the other parent's relationship with the child—regardless of the impact on her and the child. There are many reasons for this, but the basic one is the misogyny built into this system. This essay describes how social science research, psychological theory, and developmental principles are misused by both the legal and mental health professions to that end.
Altered markers of mitochondrial function in adults with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Nickel Kathrin , Menke Mia , Endres Dominique , Runge Kimon , Tucci Sara , Schumann Anke , Domschke Katharina , Tebartz van Elst Ludger , Maier Simon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious research suggests potential mitochondrial dysfunction and changes in fatty acid metabolism in a subgroup of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), indicated by higher lactate, pyruvate levels, and mitochondrial disorder prevalence. This study aimed to further investigate potential mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD by assessing blood metabolite levels linked to mitochondrial metabolism. Blood levels of creatine kinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate, pyruvate, free and total carnitine, as well as acylcarnitines were obtained in 73 adults with ASD (47 males, 26 females) and compared with those of 71 neurotypical controls (NTC) (44 males, 27 females). Correlations between blood parameters and psychometric ASD symptom scores were also explored. Lower CK (pcorr = 0.045) levels were found exclusively in males with ASD compared to NTC, with no such variation in females. ALT and AST levels did not differ significantly between both groups. After correction for antipsychotic and antidepressant medication, CK remained significant. ASD participants had lower serum lactate levels (pcorr = 0.036) compared to NTC, but pyruvate and carnitine concentrations showed no significant difference. ASD subjects had significantly increased levels of certain acylcarnitines, with a decrease in tetradecadienoyl‐carnitine (C14:2), and certain acylcarnitines correlated significantly with autistic symptom scores. We found reduced serum lactate levels in ASD, in contrast to previous studies suggesting elevated lactate or pyruvate. This difference may reflect the focus of our study on high‐functioning adults with ASD, who are likely to have fewer secondary genetic conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings of significantly altered acylcarnitine levels in ASD support the hypothesis of altered fatty acid metabolism in a subset of ASD patients.
Unveiling the Anthelminthic Potential of Merremia vitifolia Stem through in Vitro and in Silico Approach
Authors: Islam Fakhrul , Islam Mohammad Shariful , Ahmed Kawser , Amanat Muhammed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the anthelmintic activity of methanol extracts from Merremia vitifolia stems using a combination approach encompassing experimental, in vitro, and in silico evaluations. Despite the well‐recognized pharmacological properties of M. vitifolia, its potential as an anthelmintic agent remained unexplored. This plant's anthelmintic potential was assessed on adult earthworms (Pheretima posthuma), revealing a dose‐dependent reduction in spontaneous motility leading to paralysis and eventual mortality. The most effective dose of M. vitifolia (200 mg/ml) for anthelmintic effects on Pheretima posthuma was identified. Complementary in silico investigations were also conducted, employing Autodock PyRx 0.8 for docking studies of reported M. vitifolia compounds. Notably, quercetin emerged as a promising candidate with superior binding energies against β‐tubulin (−8.3 Kcal/mol). Moreover, this comprehensive research underlines the anthelmintic potential of Merremia vitifolia stem extract and highlights quercetin as a noteworthy compound for further investigation in the quest for novel anthelmintic agents.
Ligand‐Directed Chemistry on Glycoside Hydrolases – A Proof of Concept Study
Authors: Prasch Herwig , Wolfsgruber Andreas , Thonhofer Martin , Culum André , Mandl Christoph , Weber Patrick , Zündel Melanie , Nasseri Seyed A. , Gonzalez Santana Andres , Tegl Gregor , Nidetzky Bernd , Gruber Karl , Stütz Arnold E. , Withers Stephen G. , Wrodnigg Tanja M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSelective covalent labelling of enzymes using small molecule probes has advanced the scopes of protein profiling. The covalent bond formation to a specific target is the key step of activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP), a method which has become an indispensable tool for measuring enzyme activity in complex matrices. With respect to carbohydrate processing enzymes, strategies for ABPP so far involve labelling the active site of the enzyme, which results in permanent loss of activity. Here, we report in a proof of concept study the use of ligand‐directed chemistry (LDC) for labelling glycoside hydrolases near – but not in – the active site. During the labelling process, the competitive inhibitor is cleaved from the probe, departs the active site and the enzyme maintains its catalytic activity. To this end, we designed a building block synthetic concept for small molecule probes containing iminosugar‐based reversible inhibitors for labelling of two model β‐glucosidases. The results indicate that the LDC approach can be adaptable for covalent proximity labelling of glycoside hydrolases.
A case report of extramedullary plasmocytoma—rare pathology in the larynx
Authors: van Lanschot Cornelia G. F. , Böhmer Lara H. , Ten Berge Rosita L. , Vinke Jeroen G. 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageExtramedullary plasmocytoma is a rare finding. The diagnosis is made by histological and immunohistochemical examination. Hematological evaluation is mandatory to rule out multiple myeloma. Radiotherapy is treatment of choice with good results.
Improved self‐balancing voltage five‐level ANPC converter and its control strategy
Authors: Liu Zhan , Li Peiyuan , Yang Yang , Li Bin , Xia Zhenglong 
Published: September 2023

SummaryFive‐level active neutral‐point‐clamped (5L‐ANPC) converters have great practical potential in the field of medium and high voltage variable frequency speed regulation. However, the dynamic and static voltage imbalance of the series IGBTs may cause permanent damage to the device, which limits its popularization and application. In this paper, an improved self‐balancing voltage 5L‐ANPC topology (ISBV‐5L‐ANPC) is proposed to address such voltage balancing problem as series switches and high voltage leaps, which realizes dynamic and static voltage equalization by connecting the self‐balancing module consisting of an auxiliary capacitor to the bridge arm, so that it clamps the series switches. In this paper, the operation principle of ISBV‐5L‐ANPC is given in detail, and the control strategy of ISBV‐5L‐ANPC is proposed, and the key parameters in the topology are analyzed and designed. Finally, an ISBV‐5L‐ANPC prototype was built, and the effectiveness of the proposed topology and the feasibility of the control strategy are verified through the experimental results.