bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recasting ethical dilemmas in participatory research as a collective matter of ‘response-ability’
Authors: Friis Tine 
Published: February 2023

This article investigates ethical dilemmas in a research practice of collective memory-work that experiments with articulating personal experiences of how the human gut and psyche connect. Memory-work is a group-based participatory research method, in which participants and researcher write down a personal memory in the third person, read the memory aloud and analyze it collectively. Based on memory-work with a group of women living with autoimmune diseases, I analyze how ethical dilemmas arose around new self-realizations in our articulations of ‘gut’ and ‘psyche’, and how the dilemmas brought up issues about the ‘therapeutics’ and ‘matters of care’ of memory-work. I discuss how the dilemmas were configured through objectifying our personal experiences by writing them down, creating unfamiliar care positions in relation to each other and our past and present selves. In dialogue with Donna Haraway’s concept of response-ability and Svend Brinkmann and Steinar Kvale’s notion of ethical fields of uncertainty, I argue that ethical dilemmas demand ongoing attention, rather than a solution. The analysis shows that ethical dilemmas, when discussed among research participants and researcher, can become useful tools for developing capabilities to attune and respond to ethically important moments in experimental practices. Thus, this article empirically recasts ethical dilemmas as a collective concern, and seeks to contribute to the fields of STS and Psychology by discussing researcher and participant positions, our responses and capabilities to act when facing ethical dilemmas, and the place ethics and response-ability have in participatory research practices.
“We Can Be Pioneers”
Authors: Rask Pedersen Mikkel 
Published: February 2023

Online peer-support forums can enable those alienated from society to engage in experimental knowledge sharing practices in the absence of professional and public interaction. This, in turn, helps them manage problems in new ways. However, for pedophiles, it is unsure when peer-support help forum users cope in healthy ways, and when they justify harmful behaviors. The article argues, that exploring the potentials of peer-support forums for pedophiles to help combat child sexual abuse, this produces an analytical challenge to represent the users’ experimental knowledge sharing practices without tying them to the very categories they try to escape. To accommodate this challenge, the article proposes to view these practices as politically contingent experiments rather than fixed results, and uses Donna Haraway’s concept of situated knowledge to do so. Based on a grounded theory analysis of an observational and ethnographic fieldwork on the Virtuous Pedophiles online peer-support forum for non-offending pedophiles, the article proceeds to analyzes relations and networks between the users’ personal experiences and the political situation that surrounds. The results are discussed in relation to classical frameworks of experiments in STS. Finally, experimenting as a mode of practice and analytical tool is argued to contribute to child sexual abuse prevention research, due to its attention to performances, resistances, and constraints, important to understand the challenges of being a non-offending pedophile.
Influence of resin modified glass ionomer cement incorporating protein-repellent and antimicrobial agents on supragingival microbiome around brackets: an in-vivo split-mouth 3-month study
Authors: Ma Yansong , Su Chengjun , Yang Hao , Xu Hockin H.K. , Bai Yuxing , Xu Yan , Che Xiaoxia , Zhang Ning 
Published: February 2023

Objective
To explore the influence of resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) adhesives containing protein-repellent and quaternary ammonium salt agents on supragingival microbiome, enamel and gingival health around brackets.

Materials and Methods
Ten patients (21.4 ± 3.5 years) about to receive fixed orthodontics were enrolled in this study. Unilateral upper teeth bonded with RMGIC incorporating 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and Dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) were regarded as experimental group (RMD), while contralateral upper teeth bonded with RMGIC were control group (RMGIC), using a split-mouth design. Supragingival plaque was collected from both groups before treatment (T0), and at 1 month (T1) and 3 months (T2) of treatment. High-throughput sequencing was performed targeting v3–v4 of 16S rRNA gene. Streptococcus mutans and Fusobacterium nucleatum quantification was done by qPCR analysis. Bracket failures, enamel decalcification index (EDI), DIAGNODent scores (Dd), plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were monitored at indicated time points.

Results
Within 3 months, alpha and beta diversity of supragingival plaque had no difference between RMGIC and RMD groups. From T0 to T2, the relative abundance of Streptococcus depleted in RMD but remained steady in RMGIC group. Streptococcus, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium became depleted in RMD, Haemophilus and Capnocytophaga became depleted in RMGIC group but Prevotella enriched. Quantification of Fusbacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus mutans showed significant difference between RMGIC and RMD groups at T2. Teeth bonded with RMD had significant lower plaque index (PI) and DIAGNODent (Dd) score at T2, compared with teeth bonded with RMGIC (p < 0.05). No difference in bracket failure rate was examined between both groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
By incorporating MPC and DMAHDM into RMGIC, the material could affect the supragingival microbial composition, inhibit the progress of plaque accumulation as well as the key pathogens S. mutans and F. nucleatum in the early stage of orthodontic treatment.
Knowledge and Uptake of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine among Female Adolescents in Port Harcourt. A Call for Urgent Intervention
Authors: Oboro Ibinabo Laura , Ogaji Daprim Samuel 
Published: February 2023

Background: Infection with high-risk types of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with the development of cancers in both genders, affecting the genital, oropharyngeal and anal regions. Safe and effective vaccines are available against high-risk types which are responsible for majority of cases of cervical cancer. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge and uptake of the HPV vaccine among female adolescents in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among in-school female students of both public and private secondary schools in Port Harcourt metropolis, aged 9 - 19 years. A total of 328 participants were recruited using multi-stage sampling. Information on socio-demographics, sexual history, knowledge of HPV, its vaccine and vaccine uptake were collected using a self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive and analytical tests were performed to determine associations and predictors of vaccine uptake.
Results: The level of knowledge of the availability, protective role, and schedule for administration of the HPV vaccine was poor (≤36%). Only 2.1% of girls interviewed were vaccinated with 42.9% of these having taken only one dose, thus being incompletely vaccinated. The mean age at vaccine uptake was 13.4±1.2 years. The most common reason given for not having taken the vaccine, is unawareness of the vaccine (322/328). Uptake of the vaccine was better among students at public schools.
Conclusion: Social mobilization towards primary prevention of HPV infection should also focus on adolescents. Social media and school health programs/ clubs should be exploited/ improved to provide detailed and adolescent-friendly information necessary to stimulate improved uptake of the vaccine and thus reduce the devastating potential consequences of infection with the HPV.
Breeds vs Post-mortem Dressing Methods on Meat Quality and Microbial Assay of Mutton
Authors: Akinwumi A. O. , Ojebiyi O. O. , Olagoke C. O. , Olatunji O. O. , Okunlola D. O. , Ayoola S. J. , Olawuyi B. S. , Atandah R. A. , Adeniji T. Y. , Ola A. K. , Oyolola O. E. 
Published: February 2023

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of different breed of sheep (West African Dwarf WAD, Ouda, Balami) and three different post-mortem dressing methods (scalding, singeing, and skinning) on the carcass, physical properties, organoleptic properties keeping quality of mutton in a factorial arrangement. Significant differences were recorded for both the strain and processing methods effect on the carcass characteristics and primal cuts. Balami strain of sheep yielded highest significant values (p<0.05) on all the primal cuts except rack and leg cuts which their values are closely related. Highest and lowest significant (p<0.05) values were observed for carcass weight (%) in both scalding (43.12) and singeing (37.90) while similar values (p>0.05) were recorded for Ouda and Balami breeds in cooking loss and cold loss (%) but least significant (p<0.05) value was noticed for Balami in terms of drip loss (4.96). Strain and processing methods does not influence (p>0.05) pH significantly, however significant (p<0.05) values were obtained when pH were observed at intervals (0, 30 and 60 mins). On the organoleptic properties, significant differences (p<0.05) were recorded in both the strain effect and processing methods as Balami and scalding method possess the highest significant (p<0.05) values in colour, juiciness, texture, flavor and overall acceptability except for tenderness that was not influenced (p>0.05) significantly by different post-slaughter dressing methods. total bacteria count (TBC) was reported at lowest significant level for WAD (1.23 x 1018cfu/g) and scalded mutton (1.24 x 1018cfu/g) at 0hr post-mortem however Balami strain and scalding method maintained the least significant (p<0.05) total bacteria count throughout the storage days (>0hrs to 13weeks). Conclusively, Balami breed of sheep and scalding method of post-mortem dressing gave promising and preferred results in all the quality parameters and are hereby advocated.
Performance Ratio and Loss Analysis for a Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System: Case of the 7MW Plant in Malbaza, Niger
Authors: Abdoulaye Boubacar Maikano , Abdourahimoun Daouda , Harouna Sani dan Nomao , Saidou Madougou , Makinta Boukar 
Published: February 2023

The use of solar energy in sunny countries is an efficient way to overcome the energy shortage. The interest of this energy is not only economic but also environmental, as it emits few greenhouse gases. Niger, a vast landlocked country in the Sahel, is characterized by an average sunshine duration of 8.5 hours per day and an estimated average level of sunshine of around 5 to 7 kW/m2 per day. However, the rate of access to electricity in Niger remains very low. To address this problem, a 7MW solar photovoltaic power plant has been built by the State of Niger in the town of Malbaza. It is composed of monocrystalline photovoltaic panels and injects its energy into the national grid. The objective of this study is to compare the performance ratio determined by measurements with that obtained by simulation under PVsyst in order to evaluate its efficiency. The study is based on annual energy production data, recorded at the site, from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021. The annual average values of the global irradiation of the site, the energy produced by the system and the energy injected into the grid are respectively 249.86kWh/m², 1225.25MWh and 972.62MWh; those of the ambient temperature and the performance ratio (PR) are respectively 29.78°C and 0.795. The global losses caused by meteorological phenomena and those linked to the technologies of the various components of the system are evaluated at 20.10%.
Topological Metal MoP Nanowire for Interconnect
Authors: Han Hyeuk Jin , Kumar Sushant , Jin Gangtae , Ji Xiaoyang , Hart James L. , Hynek David J. , Sam Quynh P. , Hasse Vicky , Felser Claudia , Cahill David G. , Sundararaman Ravishankar , Cha Judy J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe increasing resistance of copper (Cu) interconnects for decreasing dimensions is a major challenge in continued downscaling of integrated circuits beyond the 7 nm technology node as it leads to unacceptable signal delays and power consumption in computing. The resistivity of Cu increases due to electron scattering at surfaces and grain boundaries at the nanoscale. Topological semimetals, owing to their topologically protected surface states and suppressed electron backscattering, are promising candidates to potentially replace current Cu interconnects. Here, we report the unprecedented resistivity scaling of topological metal molybdenum phosphide (MoP) nanowires, and it is shown that the resistivity values are superior to those of nanoscale Cu interconnects <500 nm2cross‐section areas. The cohesive energy of MoP suggests better stability against electromigration, enabling a barrier‐free design . MoP nanowires are more resistant to surface oxidation than the 20 nm thick Cu. The thermal conductivity of MoP is comparable to those of Ru and Co. Most importantly, it is demonstrated that the dimensional scaling of MoP, in terms of line resistance versus total cross‐sectional area, is competitive to those of effective Cu with barrier/liner and barrier‐less Ru, suggesting MoP is an attractive alternative for the scaling challenge of Cu interconnects.
First Combined, Double‐Density LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 Radiochromic Dosimeter Mimicking Lungs and Muscles
Authors: Kozicki Marek , Bartosiak Marcin , Maras Piotr , Wach Radosław , Kadlubowski Slawomir 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work reports on a new type of combined radiochromic ionizing radiation dosimeter for radiotherapy. The LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 serves for this purpose, which is a leuco crystal violet embedded in a physical hydrogel matrix of poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐poly(propylene oxide)‐block‐poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F‐127) with additives. This dosimeter responds to ionizing radiation by developing a blue color with an intensity related to the radiation dose. The LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 dosimeter is improved for lower temperature stability by adding sodium chloride (NaCl). Subsequently, a method for manufacturing the LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 lung mimicking dosimeter is proposed. Next, the LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 3D composite dosimeter is elaborated, which contains in one container two dosimetric zones of different densities mimicking soft tissues: muscles and lungs. The following are investigated: i) LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 phase transition with and without NaCl, ii) dose response characteristics, iii) stability during storage, iv) foams characteristics – lung mimicking dosimeter, v) tissue equivalence, and vi) dose response of LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 combined dosimeter to a medical accelerator X‐ray irradiation. In summary, this work proves the possibility of formation complex dosimeters and opens a new area of research toward the development and application of such dosimeters containing dosimetric zones corresponding to many tissues in one vial.
Adaptive Recursive Least Squares Denoising in Ventricular Fibrillation ECG Signals
Authors: Ding Youde , Liao Yuan , Li Yongqin , Wang Jing , He Ji , Xie Guoxi , Zhang Guiying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCardiac arrest is a fatal and urgent disease in humans. A high‐quality electrocardiogram (ECG) has a positive guide to the success of defibrillation and resuscitation. However, because of artificial motion interference and ambient noise, reliable ECG signals can be obtained only during chest compression (CC) pauses. To address this issue, the adaptive recursive least squares (RLS) denoising approach is proposed. First, the ECG signals of porcine are divided into three groups: CC, without CC, and both with and without CC. Then, five Gaussian noises with different signals‐to‐noise ratios (SNR) and five noises with different distribution types are added, respectively. Furthermore, RLS is compared with six other different denoising approaches. Experimental results demonstrate significant differences between RLS and the other six algorithms in main metrics. SNR and related factors are larger, while the root mean square error is smaller. In conclusion, RLS can significantly eliminate many types of ambient noise, and improve the quality of ECG signals during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Energy Yield Modeling for Optimization and Analysis of Perovskite‐Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Under Realistic Outdoor Conditions
Authors: Tomšič Špela , Jošt Marko , Brecl Kristijan , Topič Marko , Lipovšek Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA comprehensive algorithm for calculating the energy yield (EY) is used as the most important figure‐of‐merit in determining the capabilities of PV devices in realistic operation. The model is based on advanced optical modeling and extensive opto‐thermo‐electrical characterization. It takes the realistic environmental and device installation data fully into account, as well as the complete set of device specifications including all relevant temperature‐induced variations. A detailed analysis and optimization of two‐terminal perovskite‐silicon tandem devices are done in terms of long‐term electrical energy production at different geographical locations from distinct Köppen–Geiger–Photovoltaic climate zones (KGPV). It is shown that the optimal perovskite bandgap (EG,PK) in a tandem device operating under realistic conditions is in all cases higher than the one optimized under STC, yet does not differ significantly from location to location, which is beneficial from the manufacturing point of view. The optimalEG,PKis influenced primarily by the spectral distribution of incident irradiance, and not so much by the operating temperature conditions. Moreover, a clear linear dependency between the optimalEG,PKand the weighted average photon energy of the incident irradiance is demonstrated, which presents an important rule for rapid tandem design.
Trends in emergency medicine resident procedural reporting over a 10‐year period
Authors: Gottlieb Michael , Jordan Jaime , Krzyzaniak Sara , Mannix Alexandra , King Andrew , Cooney Robert , Fix Megan , Shappell Eric 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundProcedural competency is expected of all emergency medicine (EM) residents upon graduation. The ACGME requires a minimum number of essential procedures to successfully complete training. However, data are limited on the actual number of procedures residents perform and prior studies are limited to single institutions over short time periods. This study sought to assess the number of Key Index Procedures completed during EM residency training and evaluate trends over time.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of graduating EM resident procedure logs across eight ACGME accredited residency programs over the last 10 years (2013–2022). Sites were selected to ensure diversity of program length, program type, and geography. All data from EM residents graduating in 2013–2022 were eligible for inclusion. Data from residents from combined training programs, those who did not complete their full training at that institution (i.e., transferred in/out), or those who did not have data available were excluded. We determined the list of procedures based upon the ACGME Key Index Procedures list. Sites obtained totals for each of the identified procedures for each resident upon graduation. We calculated the mean and 95% CI for each procedure.ResultsWe collected data from a total of 914 residents, with 881 (96.4%) meeting inclusion criteria. The most common procedures were point‐of‐care ultrasound, adult medical resuscitation, adult trauma resuscitation, and intubation. The least frequent procedures included pericardiocentesis, cricothyroidotomy, cardiac pacing, vaginal delivery, and chest tubes. Most procedures were stable over time with the exception of lumbar punctures (decreased) and point‐of‐care ultrasound (increased).ConclusionsIn a national sample of EM programs, procedural numbers remained stable except for lumbar puncture and ultrasound. This information can inform residency training curricula and accreditation requirements.
Fabrication of Super‐Sized Metal Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Glass with Supramolecular Network via Crystallization‐Suppressing Approach
Authors: Ali Mohamed A. , Winters Wessel M. W. , Mohamed Moushira A. , Tan Dezhi , Zheng Guojun , Madsen Rasmus S. K. , Magdysyuk Oxana V. , Diaz‐Lopez Maria , Cai Biao , Gong Nan , Xu Yijue , Hung Ivan , Gan Zhehong , Sen Sabyasachi , Sun Hong‐Tao , Bennett Thomas D. , Liu Xiaofeng , Yue Yuanzheng , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMetal coordination compound (MCC) glasses [e.g., metal‐organic framework (MOF) glass, coordination polymer glass, and metal inorganic‐organic complex (MIOC) glass] are emerging members of the hybrid glass family. So far, a limited number of crystalline MCCs can be converted into glasses by melt‐quenching. Here, we report a universal wet‐chemistry method, by which the super‐sized supramolecular MIOC glasses can be synthesized from non‐meltable MOFs. Alcohol and acid were used as agents to inhibit crystallization. The MIOC glasses demonstrate unique features including high transparency, shaping capability, and anisotropic network. Directional photoluminescence with a large polarization ratio (≈47 %) was observed from samples doped with organic dyes. This crystallization‐suppressing approach enables fabrication of super‐sized MCC glasses, which cannot be achieved by conventional vitrification methods, and thus allows for exploring new MCC glasses possessing photonic functionalities.
Nano‐sized cadmium‐benzothiazole Schiff base complexes: Synthesis, characterization, and the impact of surfactants for cadmium determination
Authors: Kassem Mohammed A. , Shah Reem Kamal 
Published: February 2023

In this paper, three benzothiazole‐Schiff bases, 2‐([benzothiazol‐2‐ylimino]methyl)phenol (L1), 2‐([benzothiazol‐2‐ylimino]methyl)‐4‐chlorophenol (L2), and 2‐([benzothiazol‐2‐ylimino]methyl)‐4‐bromophenol (L3), were environmentally friendly prepared using a microwave assisted synthesis. These synthesized ligands were used to chelate Cd (II) to produce three nano‐sized solid complexes, which were characterized using TEM, FT‐IR, and XRD. Then three developed spectrophotometric approaches for ultra‐trace quantification of divalent cadmium have been investigated and the sensitivity of these developed methods was enhanced using micellar medium. The influence of the type and amount of buffer, pH, type of surfactant, and amount of ligand during quantification of cadmium ion were monitored and determined. The calibration curve was valid over the concentration ranges of 1.0–9.0, 1.1–12.0, and 1.5–14.9 μg mL−1 of Cd (II) with detection limits of 0.407, 0.313, and 0.453 μg mL−1 using L1, L2, and L3, respectively. The described approaches had been effectively applied for Cd (II) ion quantification in some water samples.
The application of carbon dots in tumor immunotherapy: Researches and prospects
Authors: Cai Hao , Abbas Khurram , Yang Yuxiang , Li Zijian , Bi Hong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSince the rapid development of nanomedicine in oncotherapy, multiple nanomaterials are adopted to regulate the immune system in cancer individuals. Tumor immunotherapy enhances the immune function of patients to achieve the purpose of killing tumor cells by utilizing the organism immune mechanism. As emerging inorganic carbon nanoparticles, carbon dots (CDs) have been found as photosensitizers, vaccines, immunoadjuvants, and so on for cancer treatment due to their unique structure and property, such as effective platforms for drug delivery, immunomodulation, and phototherapy. In this review, we mainly discuss the recent application of CDs in tumor immunotherapy and the prospects of CDs in the field of immune medicine. By assessing the achievements and challenges of CDs in tumor immunotherapy, our review would provide mechanistic insights into the evolution of future nanomedicine.