bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underlying geology and climate interactively shape climate change refugia in mountain streams
Authors: Ishiyama Nobuo , Sueyoshi Masanao , García Molinos Jorge , Iwasaki Kenta , Negishi Junjiro N. , Koizumi Itsuro , Nagayama Shigeya , Nagasaka Akiko , Nagasaka Yu , Nakamura Futoshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIdentifying climate‐change refugia is a key adaptation strategy for reducing global warming impacts. Knowledge of the effects of underlying geology on thermal regime along climate gradients and the ecological responses to the geology‐controlled thermal regime is essential to plan appropriate climate adaptation strategies. In the present study, the dominance of volcanic rocks in the watershed is used as a landscape‐scale surrogate for cold groundwater inputs to clarify the importance of underlying geology in stream ecosystems along climate gradients. First, using hundreds of monitoring stations distributed across multiple catchments, we explored the relationship between watershed geology and the mean summer water temperature of mountain streams along climate gradients in the Japanese archipelago. Mean summer water temperature was explained by the interaction between the watershed geology and climate in addition to independent effects. The cooling effect supported by volcanic rocks reached up to 3.3°C among study regions, which was more pronounced in streams with less summer precipitation or lower air temperatures. Next, we examined the function of volcanic streams as cold refugia under contemporary and future climatic conditions. Community composition analyses revealed that volcanic streams hosted distinct stream communities composed of more cold‐water species compared with nonvolcanic streams. Scenario analyses based on multiple global climate models and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) revealed a geology‐related pattern of thermal habitat loss for cold‐water species. Nonvolcanic streams rapidly declined in thermally suitable habitats for lotic sculpins even under the lowest emission scenario (RCP 2.6). In contrast, most volcanic streams will be sustained below the thermal threshold, especially for low‐ and mid‐level emission scenarios (RCP 2.6, 4.5). However, the distinct stream community in volcanic streams and geology‐dependent habitat loss for lotic sculpins was not uniform and were more pronounced in streams with less summer precipitation or lower air temperatures. These findings highlight that underlying geology, climate variability, and their interaction should be considered simultaneously for the effective management of climate‐change refugia in mountain streams.
A grass–legume cover crop maintains nitrogen inputs and nitrous oxide fluxes from an organic agroecosystem
Authors: Bressler Alison , Blesh Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLegume cover crops are central to an ecological nutrient management approach that can reduce nitrogen (N) losses from agriculture. Diversifying cropping systems with a legume–grass cover crop mixture could further reduce N losses by increasing soil N assimilation and synchronizing N mineralization with N uptake by the following crop. We established four winter cover crop treatments (crimson clover, cereal rye, clover–rye mixture, and weedy fallow control) in an organic grain agroecosystem that had been managed for 30 years with a legume cover crop as the only external N source. We hypothesized that the legume–grass mixture would provide similar inputs of biologically fixed N2 compared with the sole legume, while reducing N2O emissions during decomposition following tillage. We measured cover crop aboveground biomass C:N and clover N2 fixation, soil inorganic N and N2O fluxes throughout the corn growing season following cover crop tillage, and corn N assimilation at harvest. Even with a reduced clover seeding rate in mixture, the clover and mixture treatments had similar fixed N inputs, litter N and C:N, and no differences in cumulative N2O emissions. During the first peak flux, N2O emissions were 2–5 times higher in clover and mixture relative to rye and fallow, with no differences between clover and mixture. There were no treatment differences at the second N2O peak, which followed the first major rain event. We contextualized these findings by calculating a 6‐year partial N mass balance for this agroecosystem, which was slightly negative (−6.8 ± 0.8 kg N ha−1 year−1) when accounting for historical mean annual N2O emissions and nitrate leaching. Overall, N inputs and harvested N exports were approximately in balance for this legume‐based crop rotation, suggesting that the legacy of ecological nutrient management has promoted efficient N cycling. However, results from our field experiment indicate that short‐term N2O flux rates following cover crop incorporation can be high even for a legume–grass mixture. Additional strategies to reduce soil disturbance are therefore needed to further tighten N cycling in organic grain agroecosystems.
Time required for prophylactic oral care in head and neck cancer patients scheduled for radiotherapy: A single center, prospective cohort study
Authors: Bhandari Sudhir , Wadhwa Soni Bhavita , Gupta Ankita , Ghoshal Sushmita 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundProphylactic oral care (POC) before radiotherapy (RT) is an adjunct but an integral process toward preparing patients for RT, however, time to be invested in POC remains unexplored.MethodsProspective treatment records were maintained in head and neck cancer patients, who received POC following a standardized protocol with definite timelines. Data collected for oral treatment time (OTT), interruption in RT due to oro‐dental issues, future extraction(s), and incidence of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) up to 18 months after treatment were analyzed.ResultsThree hundred thirty‐three patients, 275 males and 58 females, mean age 52.45 ± 11.2 years were included. Mean OTT was 21.0 ± 6.2 days and was influenced significantly with the number of extractions (p < 0.00). There was no interruption in RT schedule due to oro‐dental issues. Five patients were diagnosed with ORN.ConclusionPerforming POC as demonstrated aid in timely removal of nidus of infection(s), perform RT as scheduled, and maintain satisfactory oral health through the survivorship of patients.
Using virtual reality to study the effect of information redundancy on evacuation effectiveness
Authors: Wang Zihao , Rebelo Francisco , He Renke , Vilar Elisângela , Noriega Paulo , Zeng Jiayu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe International Organization for Standardization evacuation alarm (ISO 8201: 2017) is ineffective in initiating evacuation, particularly when people are engaged in pre‐evacuation activities, and it is not easy to conduct experiments for evaluating evacuation behavior due to ethical and cost issues. A virtual building emergency where alarms went off while participants were performing activities was created to study the effect of redundancy on evacuation effectiveness. Three alarms were studied: (i) a regular nonverbal ISO alarm, (ii) a speech‐inserted ISO alarm, and (iii) a technology‐based ISO alarm concept (sound, visual, and haptic information). Evacuation behavior, perceived urgency, and delay time were measured. Results confirmed the effect of redundancy on measurements, and participants complied better with the speech‐inserted and technology‐based alarms, but there were no differences in evacuation effectiveness between them. Participants perceived higher urgency from the technology‐based solution, which can be more adaptive in complicated environments where background noise and language/education barriers are problems. Otherwise, the speech‐inserted alarm is more cost‐effective.
Exploring the recovery of a large wetland using black-necked swan blood parameters and body condition 16 years after a pollution-induced disturbance
Authors: Rodríguez-Jorquera Ignacio A. , Lenzi Javier , Maturana Mario , Biscarra Gabriela , Ruiz Jorge , Navedo Juan G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Resilience theory has taken center stage in tackling the challenge of wetland recovery on a fast-changing planet. Because of waterbirds' enormous dependence on wetlands, their numbers have long been used as surrogates for wetland recovery over time. However, immigration of individuals can mask actual recoveries at a given wetland. One alternative to expanding the knowledge of wetland recovery is the use of physiological parameters from aquatic organism populations. We explored the variations in the physiological parameters of black-necked swan (BNS) before, during, and after a 16-year period of a pollution-induced disturbance that originated in a pulp-mill wastewater discharge. This disturbance triggered the precipitation of iron (Fe) in the water column of the Río Cruces Wetland in southern Chile, one of the main sites for the global population of BNS Cygnus melancoryphus. We compared our recent (2019) original data (body mass index [BMI], hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, blood enzymes, and metabolites) with available datasets from the site obtained before the pollution-induced disturbance (2003) and immediately after the disturbance (2004). Results indicate that, 16 years after the pollution-induced disturbance, some important parameters of animal physiology did not return to their pre-disturbance state. For instance, BMI, triglycerides, and glucose were significantly higher in 2019 than in 2004, right after the disturbance. By contrast, the hemoglobin concentration was significantly lower in 2019 than in 2003 and 2004, and uric acid was 42% higher in 2019 than in 2004. Our results demonstrate that, despite higher BNS numbers with larger body weights present in 2019, the Río Cruces wetland has only partially recovered. We suggest that the impact of megadrought and wetland disappearance far from the site results in high rate of swan immigration, casting uncertainty about using the number of swans alone as honest indicators of wetland recovery after a pollution disturbance. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:663–675. © 2023 SETAC
Reduced Peak Bone Mass in Young Adults With Low Motor Competence
Authors: Tan Jocelyn , Ng Carrie-Anne , Hart Nicolas H. , Rantalainen Timo , Sim Marc , Scott David , Zhu Kun , Hands Beth , Chivers Paola 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Although suboptimal bone health has been reported in children and adolescents with low motor competence (LMC), it is not known whether such deficits are present at the time of peak bone mass. We examined the impact of LMC on bone mineral density (BMD) in 1043 participants (484 females) from the Raine Cohort Study. Participants had motor competence assessed using the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development at 10, 14, and 17 years, and a whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at 20 years. Bone loading from physical activity was estimated from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire at the age of 17 years. The association between LMC and BMD was determined using general linear models that controlled for sex, age, body mass index, vitamin D status, and prior bone loading. Results indicated LMC status (present in 29.6% males and 21.9% females) was associated with a 1.8% to 2.6% decrease in BMD at all load-bearing bone sites. Assessment by sex showed that the association was mainly in males. Osteogenic potential of physical activity was associated with increased BMD dependent on sex and LMC status, with males with LMC showing a reduced effect from increasing bone loading. As such, although engagement in osteogenic physical activity is associated with BMD, other factors involved in physical activity, eg, diversity, movement quality, may also contribute to BMD differences based upon LMC status. The finding of lower peak bone mass for individuals with LMC may reflect a higher risk of osteoporosis, especially for males; however, further research is required. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Synthesis of microgel‐reinforced double network hydrogel adsorbent and its adsorption on heavy metals
Authors: Chen Yao , Wang Tingfeng , Liu Jianting , Huang Jianmin , Zhou Guiyin , Hu Shunqin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe incompletely polymerized microgels play a crucial role during the formation of hydrogel. In this paper, a microgel (synthesized using Paecilomyces lilacinus and N‐isopropylacrylamide) was used as a cross‐linking agent to synthesize agar/poly (acrylamide‐co‐hydroxyethyl acrylate) double‐network (DN) hydrogel (NH2‐MRDN), which was further modified by triethylenetetramine. The physical and chemical properties of NH2‐MRDN were studied by SEM, FTIR, TGA, XPS, universal testing machine, and adsorption method.RESULTSThe NH2‐MRDN has excellent mechanical properties and contains many hydroxy and amino groups. Adsorption experiments show that the NH2‐MRDN has better adsorption performance at pH 4 ~ 7 and that the interference ion has little effect on adsorption at low concentrations. In addition, the Kd for Pb(II) always had the highest values both in single component and mixed component for selective adsorption. The adsorption capacity values calculated by Langmuir model were 182.23 mg g−1 for Pb(II) and 118.36 mg g−1 for Cd(II), and they reached equilibrium in 160 and 240 min, respectively. Further, the mechanism and thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process mainly relies on the hydroxyl and amine group, making it a spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process.CONCLUSIONThe NH2‐MRDN hydrogel reinforced by microgel overcame the poor stability of conventional adsorbents, and this is expected to provide a new method for the synthesis of hydrogel adsorbents. Meanwhile, this work supplies a theoretical basis and empirical evidence for the application and development of high polymer adsorbents. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Is someone looking over my shoulder? An investigation into supervisor monitoring variability, Subordinates' daily felt trust, and well‐being
Authors: Zheng Xiaotong (Janey) , Nieberle Karolina W. , Braun Susanne , Schyns Birgit 
Published: February 2023

SummaryRemote working has become the new norm in organizations. However, little is known about how supervisors' monitoring affects their relationships with subordinates in remote work settings. Our research aims to enhance the understanding of the daily dynamics of monitoring and trust between supervisors and subordinates. Based on self‐determination theory, we propose a multilevel theoretical model predicting that supervisors' daily monitoring affects the extent to which subordinates feel trusted by their manager (“felt trust”) and their subsequent daily exhaustion and vigor. Further, we develop the novel concept of supervisor monitoring variability and test its role in these relationships. We conducted two experience sampling method (ESM) studies (N = 191, 1,417 data points for Study 1; N = 257, 2,244 data points for Study 2) in different hybrid work contexts. Multilevel analysis findings confirmed that daily monitoring was negatively associated with daily felt trust, which in turn had a negative impact on subordinates' daily well‐being in both contexts. Furthermore, we found that monitoring variability intensified the negative relationship between daily supervisor monitoring and subordinates' daily felt trust in the newly introduced remote working context, although not in a more stable context. We discuss the theoretical implications of our findings and derive a research agenda to study the daily dynamics of monitoring and its implications for organizations.
Combining different biomarkers to distinguish Chemlali virgin olive oils from different geographical areas of Tunisia
Authors: Lazzez Aida , Quintanilla‐Casas Beatriz , Vichi Stefania 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDespite their high potential, Tunisian virgin olive oils (VOOs) are mainly exported in bulk or blended with VOOs of other origin, hindering their international market placement. To face this situation, their valorization is needed by highlighting their unique features and by developing tools to guarantee their geographical authenticity. Compositional features of Chemlali VOOs produced in three Tunisian regions were assessed to identify suitable authenticity markers.RESULTSQuality indices ensured the quality of the VOOs studied. Volatile compounds, total phenols, fatty acid (FA) and chlorophylls are significantly influenced by the region of origin, which was justified by the differences found in soil and climatic conditions of the three geographical regions. To explore the capabilities of these markers for the geographical authentication of Tunisian Chemlali VOOs, classification models based on partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) were developed by grouping the minimum number of variables allowing the highest discrimination power, minimizing in this way the analytical procedure. The PLS‐DA authentication model based on combining volatile compounds with FA or with total phenols achieved a correct classification of 95.7% of the VOOs according to their origin, as assessed by 10%‐out cross‐validation. Sidi Bouzid Chemlali VOOs achieved 100% of correct classification, while the misclassification between Sfax and Enfidha ones did not exceed 10%.CONCLUSIONSThese results allowed to establish the most promising and affordable combination of markers for the geographical authentication of Tunisian Chemlali VOOs from distinct production regions and provide the basis to further develop authentication models based on wider datasets. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Analysis of 14 terpenoids and sterols and variety discrimination of Codonopsis Radix using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Wen , Xu Xu , Tang Zhuoshi , Guo Yina , Fei Dongqing , Yan Na , Hu Fangdi 
Published: February 2023

Recently, we confirmed that the 95% ethanol‐extracted fraction of Codonopsis Radix, which contains several triterpenoids and sterols, possesses pharmacological activities. However, due to the low content and diverse types of triterpenoids and sterols, their similar structures, lack of ultraviolet absorption, and difficulty in obtaining controls, few studies have so far assessed their contents in Codonopsis Radix. We accordingly constructed an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry technique for the simultaneous quantitative determination of 14 terpenoids and sterols. Separation was performed on the Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with 0.1% formic acid (A) and 0.1% formic acid in methanol (B) as mobile phase under gradient elution. The determination coefficients for each of the matrix calibration curves were ≥0.9925. The average recovery ranged from 81.25% to 118.05%, with relative standard deviations of <4%. The contents of 14 components in 23 batches were quantified and further analyzed through chemometrics. Linear discriminant analysis can distinguish sample varieties. The quantitative analysis method can accurately determine the contents of 14 components and thereby provide the chemical basis for the quality control of Codonopsis Radix. It also could be a valuable approach for the classification of different Codonopsis Radix varieties.
Distribution and clinical features of lymphomas involving skin in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Cheng‐Lin , Chang Su‐Wei , Lee Julia Yu‐Yun , Chen Tsai‐Yun , Chen Chien‐Chin , Chu Chia‐Bao , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Chang Kung‐Chao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA wide variety of primary and secondary lymphoma types involves the skin. However, reports with comparisons between both groups are limited in Taiwan. We retrospectively enrolled all cutaneous lymphomas and evaluated their clinicopathologic features. There were 221 cases of lymphoma: 182 (82.3%) primary and 39 (17.7%) secondary. Mycosis fungoides was the most common primary T‐cell lymphoma, 92 (41.7%) cases, followed by CD30‐positive T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders including lymphomatoid papulosis (n = 33, 14.9%) and cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (n = 12, 5.4%). The most frequent primary B‐cell lymphomas were marginal zone lymphoma (n = 8, 3.6%) and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), leg type (n = 8, 3.6%). DLBCL including variants was the most common secondary lymphoma involving skin. Most primary lymphomas presented at low‐stage (T‐cell, 86%; B‐cell, 75%), whereas the majority of secondary lymphomas presented at high‐stage (T‐cell, 94%; B‐cell, 100%). Patients with secondary lymphomas had an older mean age, more frequent B symptoms, lower serum albumin and hemoglobin, and a higher frequency of atypical lymphocytes in blood than those with primary lymphomas. In primary lymphomas, older age, lymphoma types, decreased lymphocyte counts and atypical lymphocytes in blood were poorer prognostic factors. In secondary lymphoma patients, lymphoma types, high serum lactate dehydrogenase and low hemoglobin levels predicted poorer survival. We found that the distribution of primary cutaneous lymphomas in Taiwan mirrors that of other Asian countries but shows some differences as compared with Western countries. Primary cutaneous lymphomas have a better prognosis than secondary lymphomas. Histologic classification of lymphomas highly correlated with disease presentation and prognosis.
Mining activities accelerate the decomposition of organic matter from aquatic ecosystems through soil microbes
Authors: Liu Run , Yang Yinghui , Zhou Zeyan , Shen Jiachen , Tian Xingjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMining activities have been shown to affect the rate of carbon decomposition in aquatic ecosystems by altering the traits of the organic matter (e.g., leaf litter). However, the ecological function of soil microbes that enter aquatic ecosystems in association with organic matter is not known. Here, standardized cotton strip assays (CSA) were used to quantify the effects of soil microbial colonization location (mine vs. forest riverbank) and time (7 days vs. 14 days) on cellulose decomposition in aquatic ecosystems. The CSA results showed that the mine riverbank location and microbial colonization time had significant effects on the microbial community structure, microbial biomass, and functional genes of cellulose decomposition. Compared with the forest riparian zone, the fungal biomass and bacterial cellulose‐decomposing gene (GH48) abundance of cotton strips colonized in the mine riparian zone for 14 days were 12.5‐times and 54.93‐times higher than that of the cotton strips colonized in the forest riparian zone, respectively, while the fungal cellulose‐decomposing gene (cbhI) was detected only after 14 days of colonization. After 90 days of stream incubation, the decomposition rate and GH48 gene abundance of cotton strips colonized in the mine riparian zone for 14 days were significantly higher than those of cotton strips colonized in the forest riparian zone. However, the abundance of the cbhI gene in cotton strips colonized for 14 days was significantly higher than that in cotton strips colonized for 7 days. These results show that bacteria were mainly affected by the microbial colonization environment, while fungi were mainly affected by colonization time. Mining activities accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in aquatic ecosystems by increasing soil fungal biomass and bacterial cellulose decomposition genes. To reduce the carbon loss of aquatic ecosystems, it is necessary to study the potential influence of soil microbes on the decomposition of organic carbon in riparian zones.