bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pd‐Catalyzed Switchable Access to Imines and Amines from Secondary Alcohols
Authors: Raydan Daniel , Royo Beatriz , Marques M. Manuel B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of Pd(OAc)2 as catalyst for the challenging synthesis of imines through acceptorless alcohol dehydrogenation using secondary alcohols and amines is reported. The reaction requires low catalyst loading, shows high selectivity for the formation of the imine without the need of adding any base or additive, and can be scaled up. Interestingly, when the catalytic reaction is performed in a closed system, in the presence of base, the reaction selectively yields the corresponding amine. To highlight the practical utility of the synthesis of imines, a family of structurally important scaffold, an indole, were synthesized.
Sex‐biased parental investment and female wealth accumulation in ancientCalifornia
Authors: Greenwald Alexandra M. , Burns Gregory R. , Eerkens Jelmer W. , Bartelink Eric J. , Leventhal Alan , Arellano Monica V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe mortuary record at Middle Period siteKalawwasa Rummeytak(CA‐SCL‐134) (2600‐1225 cal BP) in California's southern Santa Clara Valley shows pronounced wealth inequality;Olivellashell bead wealth, as well as other grave goods, are concentrated in the burials of several older adult females. The concentration of wealth among women, along with regional strontium isotopic evidence of male‐biased residential shifts in early adulthood, suggests a matrilineal kinship system that practiced matrilocal post‐marital residence patterns. We suggest local resource enhancement effects incentivized keeping women in their natal communities and investing more in female offspring.Materials and MethodsWith the consent of, and in collaboration with, the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of the San Francisco Bay Area, this paper employs isotopic analysis (δ15N andδ13C,86Sr/87Sr) to examine duration of exclusive breastfeeding, weaning age (complete cessation of breastmilk consumption), early childhood diet, and lifetime residential mobility of individuals interred atKalawwasa Rummeytakto test the assumption that the site inhabitants favored matrilocality and that female offspring received greater levels of investment in groups with female wealth/status attainment. First molars, third molars, and bone was sampled from 22 individuals.ResultsThe average weaning age for females atKalawwasa Rummeytakis 36.3 months ± 9.7 (1 SD), or just over 3 years. The average weaning age for males is 31.2 ± 7.9 months (1 SD), or about 2.6 years. Infants at the site were provisioned with supplemental foods dominated by C3plants and terrestrial herbivores, as well as anadromous fish. After weaning, individuals consumed a diet dominated by acorns, C3plants, and terrestrial herbivores, with periodic inclusion of anadromous fish. 30% of the sampled population of females exhibit local first molar87Sr/86Sr values, suggesting thatKalawwasa Rummeytakis their natal community. None of the males interred at the site are locals.DiscussionDespite the small sample size often unavoidable in archaeological contexts, we find possible female‐biased parental investment strategies. Cessation of breastfeeding (weaning) was, on average, 5 months earlier for males compared to females. There are no differences between females and males in the consumption of supplemental or post‐weaning foods. Strontium data suggest a flexible postmarital residence system that favored matrilocality. This may have incentivized greater investment in female offspring.
The protection of CoronaVac against the infection of wild‐type SARS‐CoV‐2 (WH‐09) or Omicron variant in nude‐hACE2 mice
Authors: Lin Kaili , Liu Meixuan , Sun Lu , Fu Hanjun , Qiao Hongwei , Wang Shunyi , Pan Sidan , Gao Hong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmunocompromised individuals have an increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and severe outcomes, but we pay less attention to these people. Athymic nude mice are a murine strain with a spontaneous deficiency of the Foxn1 gene, which can result in thymic degeneration or its absence, leading to immunosuppression and a decrease in the number of T cells, and are widely used in preclinical evaluations of disease in immunocompromised populations.MethodsWe investigated the protection of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) against the infection of wild‐type SARS‐CoV‐2 (WH‐09) or Omicron variant utilizing a hybrid‐type nude‐hACE2 mouse model.ResultsCompared with nude‐hACE2/W mice, the viral load in the brain and lung tissue of nude‐hACE2 mice (nude‐hACE2/WV) infected with WH‐09 after vaccination significantly decreased, and the histopathological changes were also reduced. The viral load in the brain and lung tissue of nude‐hACE2 mice (nude‐hACE2/OV) infected with the Omicron variant after vaccination was lower than that in nude‐hACE2/O, but histopathological symptoms did not improve significantly.ConclusionCoronaVac provides some protection against infection of both WH‐09 and the Omicron variant in the nude‐hACE2 mice. Our findings aimed to provide a reference for vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2 in immunocompromised populations.
Network Connectivity Alterations across the MAPT Mutation Clinical Spectrum
Authors: Zhang Liwen , Flagan Taru M. , Häkkinen Suvi , Chu Stephanie A. , Brown Jesse A. , Lee Alex J. , Pasquini Lorenzo , Mandelli Maria Luisa , Gorno‐Tempini Maria Luisa , Sturm Virginia E. , Yokoyama Jennifer S. , Appleby Brian S. , Cobigo Yann , Dickerson Bradford C. , Domoto‐Reilly Kimiko , Geschwind Daniel H. , Ghoshal Nupur , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Grossman Murray , Hsiung Ging‐Yuek Robin , Huey Edward D. , Kantarci Kejal , Lario Lago Argentina , Litvan Irene , Mackenzie Ian R. , Mendez Mario F. , Onyike Chiadi U. , Ramos Eliana Marisa , Roberson Erik D. , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Toga Arthur W. , Weintraub Sandra , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Forsberg Leah K. , Heuer Hilary W. , Boeve Bradley F. , Boxer Adam L. , Rosen Howard J. , Miller Bruce L. , Seeley William W. , Lee Suzee E. ,   the ARTFL/LEFFTDS/ALLFTD Consortia
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveMicrotubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT) mutations cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and novel biomarkers are urgently needed for early disease detection. We used task‐free functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) mapping, a promising biomarker, to analyze network connectivity in symptomatic and presymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers.MethodsWe compared cross‐sectional fMRI data between 17 symptomatic and 39 presymptomatic carriers and 81 controls with (1) seed‐based analyses to examine connectivity within networks associated with the 4 most common MAPT‐associated clinical syndromes (ie, salience, corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome, and default mode networks) and (2) whole‐brain connectivity analyses. We applied K‐means clustering to explore connectivity heterogeneity in presymptomatic carriers at baseline. Neuropsychological measures, plasma neurofilament light chain, and gray matter volume were compared at baseline and longitudinally between the presymptomatic subgroups defined by their baseline whole‐brain connectivity profiles.ResultsSymptomatic and presymptomatic carriers had connectivity disruptions within MAPT‐syndromic networks. Compared to controls, presymptomatic carriers showed regions of connectivity alterations with age. Two presymptomatic subgroups were identified by clustering analysis, exhibiting predominantly either whole‐brain hypoconnectivity or hyperconnectivity at baseline. At baseline, these two presymptomatic subgroups did not differ in neuropsychological measures, although the hypoconnectivity subgroup had greater plasma neurofilament light chain levels than controls. Longitudinally, both subgroups showed visual memory decline (vs controls), yet the subgroup with baseline hypoconnectivity also had worsening verbal memory and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and extensive bilateral mesial temporal gray matter decline.InterpretationNetwork connectivity alterations arise as early as the presymptomatic phase. Future studies will determine whether presymptomatic carriers' baseline connectivity profiles predict symptomatic conversion. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:632–646
Preparation of metal–organic framework material: Experiment and simulation analysis on removing organic dyes from wastewater
Authors: Zhou Gang , Niu Chenxi , Li Shuailong , Song Ruixin , Hu Yating 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDye is an organic substance that seriously threatens the water environment. Using a solvothermal technique, MIL‐100(Fe) and M‐Fe have been synthesized to effectively remove methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange dyes from wastewater. The microstructures of the two products were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), thermogravimetric (TG), and X‐ray diffractometer (XPS) test. Optimized the optimal experimental parameters through batch processing experiments, when the pH was 5 and 2, the amount of adsorbent was 50 mg, the temperature was 25°C, and the dye concentration was 30 mg/L, MIL‐100(Fe) and M‐Fe had the highest removal rates of MB, at 98.95% and 94.11%, respectively. Adsorption process was well described by the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. After three regeneration experiments, the removal rate was still high. The removal efficiencies of the two adsorbents for MB were similar. However, the regeneration performance of M‐Fe was better. Through the simulation of materials studio, the adsorption energy of the product and MB is −0.93 eV, which is favorable for adsorption. The results show that the two adsorbents can effectively remove MB from wastewater and have broad application prospects.
Identification and characterization of a novel bacteriocin gene cluster in Lysinibacillus boronitolerans
Authors: Tang Yanqiong , Lei Junxia , Ma Xiang , Li Juanjuan , Li Hong , Liu Zhu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough the antibiotics inhibit or kill pathogens, the abuse leads to the resistance formation and even “Super Bacteria.” Therefore, it is urgent to explore the natural and safe alternatives such as bacteriocin. In this study, an uncharacterized bacteriocin gene cluster for Lysinibacillus boronitolerans was first predicted by genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, of which including two biosynthetic genes, a regulatory gene, a transport‐related gene, and six other genes. Subsequently, the 10.24‐kb gene cluster was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21, and the lysate effectively inhibited the growths of pathogenic bacteria containing Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus velezensis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. The antibacterial substance was purified by 70% ammonium sulfate precipitation and further identified by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that the antibacterial substance consisted of 44 amino acids and had 24.1% sequence identity with the cyanobacterin Piricyclamide 7005 E4 PirE4, a bacteriocin analogue. The minimal set of genes required for the biosynthesis of the antibacterial substance was determined by site‐directed mutagenesis, suggesting both a transcriptional repressor and a phosphohydroxythreonine transaminase were essential. Subsequently, the evolution and conservation of the two proteins were analyzed among 22 Lysinibacillus species. Among them, the residues responsible for functions were identified. Collectively, our results set a solid foundation for investigation of the biosynthesis and application of bacteriocin.
A novel lncRNA LOC105613571 binding with BDNF in pituitary promotes gonadotropin secretion by AKT/ERK‐mTOR pathway in sheep associated with prolificacy
Authors: Cai Yu , Yang Hua , Wan Zhen , Chen Pei‐Yong , Wang Zhi‐Bo , Guo Jin‐Jing , Wang Daxiang , Wang Feng , Zhang Yanli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe pituitary is a vital endocrine organ for synthesis and secretion of gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH), and the gonadotropin showed fluctuations in animals with different fecundity. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as regulatory factors for the reproductive process. However, the profiles of lncRNAs and their roles involved in sheep fecundity remains unclear. In this study, we performed RNA‐sequencing for the sheep pituitary gland associated with different fecundity, and identified a novel candidate lncRNA LOC105613571 targeting BDNF related to gonadotropin secretion. Our results showed that expression of lncRNA LOC105613571 and BDNF could be significantly upregulated by GnRH stimulation in sheep pituitary cells in vitro. Notably, either lncRNA LOC105613571 or BDNF silencing inhibited cell proliferation while promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, lncRNA LOC105613571 knockdown could also downregulate gonadotropin secretion via inactivation AKT, ERK and mTOR pathway. In addition, co‐treatment with GnRH stimulation and lncRNA LOC105613571 or BDNF knockdown showed the opposite effect on sheep pituitary cells in vitro. In summary, BDNF‐binding lncRNA LOC105613571 in sheep regulates pituitary cell proliferation and gonadotropin secretion via the AKT/ERK‐mTOR pathway, providing new ideas for the molecular mechanisms of pituitary functions.
A Comprehensive Review of Biosensor Integration in Microphysiological Systems for Online Monitoring: Current Challenges and Future Advancements
Authors: Hussain Memon Fida , Inseok Kang , Ahmed Faheem , Ali Wajid , Soomro Afaque Manzoor , Raza Memon Saleem , Hussain Memon Kashif , Choi Kyung Hyun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe goal of microphysiological systems (MPS) is to replicate the relevant functionality of human organ tissues in in vitro. MPS technology so far has been used to simulate the various human organs and with the help of sensor integration in the MPS systems the biological activities of the organ to be modeled have been translated into data to be analyzed for further considerations. Most standard characterization approaches are intrusive and detrimental, and not feasible for online monitoring of cell cultures. Microfluidic biosensors, for instant, provide non‐invasive on‐line detection of biomarkers and molecules under targeted indicators with a high detection extent, successfully overcoming the limits of existing approaches. Microfluidic biosensors are rapidly being incorporated into MPS and employed for real‐time target identification as a result. In this review the focus is on emerging ways for miniaturizing and embedding biosensing systems in MPS also known as “organ‐on‐chip”. Cutting‐edge microfluidic biosensors are also covered with examples, showing their key benefits in monitoring MPS and highlighting current breakthroughs, before describing the remaining problems and anticipated future improvements in integrated microfluidic biosensors.
The Role of Water in Carbon Dioxide Adsorption in Porphyrinic Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Baumgartner Bettina , Prins P. Tim , Louwen Jaap N. , Monai Matteo , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCapturing and converting CO2 through artificial photosynthesis using photoactive, porous materials is a promising approach for addressing increasing CO2 concentrations. Porphyrinic Zr‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are of particular interest as they incorporate a photosensitizer in the porous structure. Herein, the initial step of the artificial photosynthesis is studied: CO2 sorption and activation in the presence of water. A combined vibrational and visible spectroscopic approach was used to monitor the adsorption of CO2 into PCN‐222 and PCN‐223 MOFs, and the photophysical changes of the porphyrinic linker as a function of water concentration. A shift in CO2 sorption site and bending of the porphyrin macrocycle in response to humidity was observed, and CO2/H2O competition experiments revealed that the exchange of CO2 with H2O is pore‐size dependent. Therefore, humidity and pore‐size can be used to tune CO2 sorption, CO2 capacity, and light harvesting in porphyrinic MOFs, which are key factors for CO2 photoreduction.
The Cyanido‐Sulfate Anion [SO3CN]−
Authors: Kasperowicz Thomas , van Gerven David , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe reaction of the pyridine adduct of SO3 and tetra‐n‐butyl‐ammonium cyanide, [N(nBu)4][CN] at room temperature leads to the unprecedented cyanido‐sulfate anion [SO3CN]− stabilized in the salt [N(nBu)4][SO3CN]. The anion is a pseudo‐halogen congener of the well‐known fluoro‐ and chloro‐sulfates. The new anion has been studied by vibrational spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.
Protein Shift – How Membrane Technology Can Contribute
Authors: Lipnizki Frank , Thuvander Johan , Rudolph-Schöpping Gregor 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProteins are not only important for our daily diet but also one of the most important food ingredients worldwide. Since the 1970ies membrane processes have established themselves as a key unit operation in protein processing, e.g., in the dairy industry. The recent trend of the protein shift moving consumption of animal‐based to plant‐based proteins provides new applications for membrane processes. Thus, in this work, the opportunities to transfer the membrane processing experiences from animal‐based proteins to plant‐based protein products will be the focus.
Associations between birth defects with neural crest cell origins and pediatric embryonal tumors
Authors: Wong Eugene C. , Lupo Philip J. , Desrosiers Tania A. , Nichols Hazel B. , Smith Susan M. , Poole Charles , Canfield Mark , Shumate Charles , Chambers Tiffany M. , Schraw Jeremy M. , Nembhard Wendy N. , Yazdy Mahsa M. , Nestoridi Eirini , Janitz Amanda E. , Olshan Andrew F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are few assessments evaluating associations between birth defects with neural crest cell developmental origins (BDNCOs) and embryonal tumors, which are characterized by undifferentiated cells having a molecular profile similar to neural crest cells. The effect of BDNCOs on embryonal tumors was estimated to explore potential shared etiologic pathways and genetic origins.MethodsWith the use of a multistate, registry‐linkage cohort study, BDNCO–embryonal tumor associations were evaluated by generating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with Cox regression models. BDNCOs consisted of ear, face, and neck defects, Hirschsprung disease, and a selection of congenital heart defects. Embryonal tumors included neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, and hepatoblastoma. Potential HR modification (HRM) was investigated by infant sex, maternal race/ethnicity, maternal age, and maternal education.ResultsThe risk of embryonal tumors among those with BDNCOs was 0.09% (co‐occurring n = 105) compared to 0.03% (95% CI, 0.03%–0.04%) among those without a birth defect. Children with BDNCOs were 4.2 times (95% CI, 3.5–5.1 times) as likely to be diagnosed with an embryonal tumor compared to children born without a birth defect. BDNCOs were strongly associated with hepatoblastoma (HR, 16.1; 95% CI, 11.3–22.9), and the HRs for neuroblastoma (3.1; 95% CI, 2.3–4.2) and nephroblastoma (2.9; 95% CI, 1.9–4.4) were elevated. There was no notable HRM by the aforementioned factors.ConclusionsChildren with BDNCOs are more likely to develop embryonal tumors compared to children without a birth defect. Disruptions of shared developmental pathways may contribute to both phenotypes, which could inform future genomic assessments and cancer surveillance strategies of these conditions.
Redox Properties and in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cyclodextrin‐Polynitroxides Contrast Agents
Authors: Franco Lorenzo , Isse Abdirisak Ahmed , Barbon Antonio , Altomare Lina , Hyppönen Viivi , Rosa Jessica , Olsson Venla , Kettunen Mikko , Melone Lucio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper reports the synthesis, characterization and in vivo application of water‐soluble supramolecular contrast agents (Mw: 5–5.6 kDa) for MRI obtained from β‐cyclodextrin functionalized with different kinds of nitroxide radicals, both with piperidine structure (CD2 and CD3) and with pyrrolidine structure (CD4 and CD5). As to the stability of the radicals in presence of ascorbic acid, CD4 and CD5 have low second order kinetic constants (≤0.05 M−1 s−1) compared to CD2 (3.5 M−1 s−1) and CD3 (0.73 M−1 s−1). Relaxivity (r1) measurements on compounds CD3‐CD5 were carried out at different magnetic field strength (0.7, 3, 7 and 9.4 T). At 0.7 T, r1 values comprised between 1.5 mM−1 s−1 and 1.9 mM−1 s−1 were found while a significant reduction was observed at higher fields (r1≈0.6‐0.9 mM−1 s−1 at 9.4 T). Tests in vitro on HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells, L929 mouse fibroblasts and U87 glioblastoma cells indicated that all compounds were non‐cytotoxic at concentrations below 1 μmol mL−1. MRI in vivo was carried out at 9.4 T on glioma‐bearing rats using the compounds CD3‐CD5. The experiments showed a good lowering of T1 relaxation in tumor with a retention of the contrast for at least 60 mins confirming improved stability also in vivo conditions.
Water Induced Alterations in Self‐Assembly of a Bio‐Surfactant in Deep Eutectic Solvent for Enhanced Enzyme Activity
Authors: Sethi Omish , Singh Manpreet , Sood Ashwani Kumar , Kang Tejwant Singh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) meet important requirements for green solvent technology, including non‐toxicity, biodegradability, sustainability, and affordability. Despite possessing low cohesive energy density than water, DESs have been found to support the self‐assembly of amphiphiles. It is very much pertinent to examine the effect of water on self‐assembly of surfactants in DESs as the presence of water alters the inherent structure of DES, which is expected to affect the characteristic properties of self‐assembly. Following this, we have investigated the self‐assembly of amino‐acid based surfactant, Sodium N‐lauroyl sarcosinate (SLS), in DES‐water mixtures (10, 30 and 50 w/w% of water) and explored the catalytic activity of Cytochrome‐c (Cyt‐c) in the formed colloidal systems. Investigations using surface tension, fluorescence, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) have shown that DES‐water mixtures promote the aggregation of SLS, resulting in the lower critical aggregation concentration (cac ∼1.5–6‐fold) of the surfactant as compared to water. The nanoclustering of DES at low water content and it's complete de‐structuring at high water content affects the self‐assembly in a contrasting manner governed by different set of interactions. Further, Cyt‐c dispersed in DES‐water colloidal solutions demonstrated 5‐fold higher peroxidase activity than that observed in phosphate buffer.
The Race to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in U.S. Dairy Through Improved Soil Health
Authors: Afshar Reza 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis is the first article in a new series in Crops & Soils magazine that will look at soil health and greenhouse gas emissions on U.S. dairies associated with crop production. Articles will cover soil health practices, data‐based decision‐making, greenhouse gas measurement in soils, manure application and storage, and informing future carbon markets with science. This article will discuss the Dairy Soil and Water Regeneration project. Using a whole‐systems approach, project researchers are measuring how different management practices—from using cover crops to applying novel fertilizers, including manure‐based products—affect soil health, potentially reduce greenhouse emissions and impact water quality under varying climate and field water management systems. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Sustainability by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.