bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication
Authors: Vasconcelos Da Silva Miguel , Melendez‐Torres Gerardo Javier , Ismail Zahinoor , Testad Ingelin , Ballard Clive , Creese Byron ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2023

AbstractApathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Research that helps define the apathy phenotype is urgently needed, particularly for clinical and biomarker studies. We used latent class analysis (LCA) with two independent cohorts to understand how apathy and depression symptoms co‐occur statistically. We further explored the relationship between latent class membership, demographics, and the presence of other NPS. The LCA identified a four‐class solution (no symptoms, apathy, depression, and combined apathy/depression), reproducible over both cohorts, providing robust support for an apathy syndrome distinct from depression and confirming that an apathy/depression syndrome exists, supported by the model fit test with the four‐class solution scores evidencing better fitting (Bayesian information criterion adjusted and entropy R2). Using a data‐driven method, we show distinct and statistically meaningful co‐occurrence of apathy and depressive symptoms. There was evidence that these classes have different clinical associations, which may help inform diagnostic categories for research studies and clinical practice.Highlights
We found four classes: no symptoms, apathy, depression and apathy/depression.
Apathy conferred a higher probability for agitation.
Apathy diagnostic criteria should include accompanying neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Role of solvation model on the stability of oxygenates on Pt(111): A comparison between microsolvation, extended bilayer, and extended metal/water interface
Authors: Di Liberto Giovanni , Giordano Livia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe activity of catalysts is mainly dictated by the adsorption strength of reaction intermediates at their surfaces. For electrocatalysts in solution, the adsorption strength is not only determined by the intrinsic properties of catalysts and reactants, but also by the solvation energy of reaction intermediates, which is difficult to capture with theoretical methods. Here, we report the impact of different explicit solvation approaches in estimating the stability of oxygenates on the (111) surface of platinum, widely used in oxygen electrocatalysis. We simulate the adsorption of OH, O, and OOH intermediates, relevant for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions, on Pt(111) with different solvation environments. We apply the static water bilayer model, typically adopted to calculate solvation energies on Pt(111) in computational studies. We then study the trend of solvation energies under different microsolvation environments, by adsorbing the intermediates in presence of an increasing number of water molecules. Last, we use a dynamic approach based on ab‐initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) to account for dynamic effects. Our results indicate that the stabilities of oxygenates approach those of the water bilayer when the number of molecules increases from zero to three, but the free energies are affected in a not trivial way by the morphology and size of the water cluster, due to the increased complexity and configurational space. Moreover, static methods imply overcorrected free energies. The adoption of a molecular dynamics approach, based on single‐run AIMD simulation of the Pt(111)/H2O interface, allows retrieval estimates close to the experimental observation, including dynamic effects, and is highly transferrable. These results suggest that i) when using a microsolvation scheme, it is recommended to include a few water molecules, up to three to resemble the picture of the static bilayer model; ii) dynamic effects are important and can be included with a single‐run AIMD scheme.
Limitation of base isolation in protecting freestanding contents in buildings
Authors: Wang Feijian , Huang Yuli , Qu Zhe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSeismic base isolation performs well in protecting the drift‐ and acceleration‐sensitive elements in buildings, while its effectiveness in reducing the velocity response and thus protecting velocity‐sensitive elements remains unclear. Through laboratory tests and numerical simulations, this paper shows that base isolation does not adequately control the floor velocity to the same level as the drift and acceleration, particularly on lower floors and under pulse‐like ground motions with rich long‐period contents. This limitation is attributed to the frequency‐insensitive velocity spectra of the ground motions and the significant difference in the mode shapes between base‐isolated and fixed‐base buildings. This limitation is demonstrated by comparing the loss ratios of rocking‐dominated freestanding contents due to overturning in base‐isolated buildings and their fixed‐base counterparts. By assuming a uniform distribution of randomly generated freestanding contents and adopting different overturning fragility models, the results show that the base isolation may be ineffective in reducing the loss ratio of rocking‐dominated contents in a building and may even adversely increase the loss ratio, especially for large objects, and when low‐ and moderate‐seismic intensities are concerned.
Revolving ATPase motors as asymmetrical hexamers in translocating lengthy dsDNA via conformational changes and electrostatic interactions in phi29, T7, herpesvirus, mimivirus, E. coli, and Streptomyces
Authors: Weitao Tao , Grandinetti Giovanna , Guo Peixuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInvestigations of the parallel architectures of biomotors in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems suggest a similar revolving mechanism in the use of ATP to drive translocation of the lengthy double‐stranded (ds)DNA genomes. This mechanism is exemplified by the dsDNA packaging motor of bacteriophage phi29 that operates through revolving but not rotating dsDNA to “Push through a one‐way valve”. This unique and novel revolving mechanism discovered in phi29 DNA packaging motor was recently reported in other systems including the dsDNA packaging motor of herpesvirus, the dsDNA ejecting motor of bacteriophage T7, the plasmid conjugation machine TraB in Streptomyces, the dsDNA translocase FtsK of gram‐negative bacteria, and the genome‐packaging motor in mimivirus. These motors exhibit an asymmetrical hexameric structure for transporting the genome via an inch‐worm sequential action. This review intends to delineate the revolving mechanism from a perspective of conformational changes and electrostatic interactions. In phi29, the positively charged residues Arg‐Lys‐Arg in the N‐terminus of the connector bind the negatively charged interlocking domain of pRNA. ATP binding to an ATPase subunit induces the closed conformation of the ATPase. The ATPase associates with an adjacent subunit to form a dimer facilitated by the positively charged arginine finger. The ATP‐binding induces a positive charging on its DNA binding surface via an allostery mechanism and thus the higher affinity for the negatively charged dsDNA. ATP hydrolysis induces an expanded conformation of the ATPase with a lower affinity for dsDNA due to the change of the surface charge, but the (ADP+Pi)‐bound subunit in the dimer undergoes a conformational change that repels dsDNA. The positively charged lysine rings of the connector attract dsDNA stepwise and periodically to keep its revolving motion along the channel wall, thus maintaining the one‐way translocation of dsDNA without reversal and sliding out. The finding of the presence of the asymmetrical hexameric architectures of many ATPases that use the revolving mechanism may provide insights into the understanding of translocation of the gigantic genomes including chromosomes in complicated systems without coiling and tangling to speed up dsDNA translocation and save energy.
Einfluss von Huminstoffen auf die Festigkeit bindemittelverbesserter organischer Böden
Authors: Döbber Michelle , Glasenapp Ralf , Arnold Patrick , Rackwitz Frank 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganogene und organische Böden sind häufig als gering tragfähig einzustufen und erfüllen daher für übliche geotechnische Bauwerke nicht die Anforderungen an eine bautechnische Verwendung. Baugrundverbesserungsmaßnahmen ermöglichen es, die Festigkeit und Steifigkeit gering tragfähiger Böden z. B. durch das Einarbeiten von Bindemitteln in die örtlich anstehende Bodenmatrix zu erhöhen und darüber hinaus die gesellschaftlich wichtigen Ziele der Ressourcenschonung und Abfallvermeidung umzusetzen. Die Vorgänge bei der Zementhydratation bei Vorhandensein organischer Bestandteile sind jedoch sehr komplex und multivariat. Insbesondere der lösliche Anteil der Huminstoffe in der Organik kann dazu führen, dass die Zielfestigkeiten nicht erreicht werden. Um den Einfluss der Huminstoffe, insbesondere der Huminsäuren, auf die festigkeitsbestimmende Zementhydratation zu untersuchen, bestand das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie darin, die Huminstoff‐Fraktionen verschiedener organischer Böden zu quantifizieren, um bei nachfolgend durchgeführten Festigkeitsuntersuchungen Rückschlüsse auf die Vorgänge beim Abbindeprozess zu ziehen. Zudem wurde zur qualitativen Bestimmung der Huminsäuren eine Farbskala entwickelt, die für die Anwendung in der Praxis vorgeschlagen wird. Die Analyse der Huminstoff‐Fraktionen basiert auf deren Extraktion und anschließender Bestimmung mittels UV/VIS‐Spektroskopie unter Einsatz von Kalibrierstandards. Die sich anschließenden Festigkeitsuntersuchungen stützen sich auf die Ermittlung der einaxialen Druckfestigkeit von Probekörpern, die aus bindemittelverbesserten Sandproben bestehen, denen verschiedene organische Böden in unterschiedlichen Anteilen beigemengt wurden. Es wird gezeigt, dass nicht nur die Wahl des Bindemittels oder der Anteil an organischen Beimengungen, sondern insbesondere die Zusammensetzung der Organik einen Einfluss auf das Verfestigungspotenzial organogener und organischer Böden hat.
Komplexe Baugruben‐ und Gründungsvarianten in einer U‐Bahn‐Schutzzone in Frankfurt
Authors: Meißner Simon , Kies Maximilian , Berger Alexander 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSeit fast 20 Jahren steht das ehemalige Polizeipräsidium an der Friedrich‐Ebert‐Anlage in Frankfurt leer. Die aktuelle Planung umfasst den Umbau und die Sanierung des ehemaligen, denkmalgeschützten Polizeipräsidiums, den Neubau von Wohnungen und einer Kita im Blockrand sowie den Neubau eines 175 Meter hohen Hochhauses mit Büro‐ und Wohnflächen. Die neu hergestellte Stadtbahn U5 unterquert mit beiden Tunnelröhren das Projektgebiet und ist maßgebend für die geotechnische Planung der Baugrube und der Hochhausgründung. Die Herstellung der Untergeschosse soll im Schutze einer wasserundurchlässigen Baugrube erfolgen. Als Baugrubenverbau ist eine rückverankerte und teilweise ausgesteifte Schlitzwand vorgesehen. Aufgrund der Größe und Tiefe der Baugrube und der hierdurch systembedingten großen Hebungen infolge des Aushubs wurden verschiedene geotechnische Möglichkeiten zur Herstellung der Baugrube verfolgt. Auch der Abtrag der Lasten des geplanten Hochhauses stellt in Bezug auf die Tunnelröhren eine große Herausforderung dar.
Venous thromboembolism in viral diseases: A comprehensive literature review
Authors: Zerangian Nasibeh , Erabi Gisou , Poudineh Mohadeseh , Monajjem Kosar , Diyanati Maryam , Khanlari Maryam , Khalaji Amirmohammad , Allafi Diba , Faridzadeh Arezoo , Amali Arian , Alizadeh Nilufar , Salimi Yasaman , Ghane Ezabadi Sajjad , Abdi Amir , Hasanabadi Zahra , ShojaeiBaghini Mahdie , Deravi Niloofar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is known to be a common respiratory and/or cardiovascular complication in hospitalized patients with viral infections. Numerous studies have proven human immunodeficiency virus infection to be a prothrombotic condition. An elevated VTE risk has been observed in critically ill H1N1 influenza patients. VTE risk is remarkably higher in patients infected with the Hepatitis C virus in contrast to uninfected subjects. The elevation of D‐dimer levels supported the association between Chikungunya and the Zika virus and the rise of clinical VTE risk. Varicella‐zoster virus is a risk factor for both cellulitis and the consequent invasive bacterial disease which may take part in thrombotic initiation. Eventually, hospitalized patients infected with the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19), the cause of the ongoing worldwide pandemic, could mainly suffer from an anomalous risk of coagulation activation with enhanced venous thrombosis events and poor quality clinical course. Although the risk of VTE in nonhospitalized COVID‐19 patients is not known yet, there are a large number of guidelines and studies on thromboprophylaxis administration for COVID‐19 cases. This study aims to take a detailed look at the effect of viral diseases on VTE, the epidemiology of VTE in viral diseases, and the diagnosis and treatment of VTE.
Validation of the Arabic version of the Assessing Emotions Scale measuring emotional intelligence in a Lebanese sample
Authors: Hallit Souheil , Azzi Vanessa , Schutte Nicola , Fekih‐Romdhane Feten , Obeid Sahar 
Published: February 2023

The objective of this study was to assess the psychometric characteristics of the Arabic version of the Assessing Emotions Scale (AES‐Ar) among a sample of Lebanese young adults. A total of 402 Lebanese university students and their contacts were recruited for the study. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) investigated the structure of the scale. The CFA for investigating a four‐factor solution using all items showed the fit indices were acceptable (χ2/df = 1803.15/489 = 3.69; RMSEA = 0.082 [0.078–0.086]; CFI = 0.88; TLI = 0.87) but the loading of the negatively worded items 5, 28 and 33 were low on their respective factors. When testing the four‐factor model after removing items 5, 28 and 33, the results improved further with good fit indices of the model (χ2/df = 1383.184/399 = 3.46, RMSEA = 0.078 [0.074–0.0832], CFI = 0.91 and TLI = 0.90) and good factor loading of each item on each factor, respectively. No measurement invariance was found between genders. The AES‐Ar Cronbach's α was excellent (0.976). Higher Assessing Emotions Scale‐Ar scores, based on the 30 positively worded items, were significantly associated with greater self‐esteem (r = .547; p < .001), and less depression (r = −.295; p < .001). Our results suggest that the AES‐Ar is appropriate for use to measure emotional intelligence in Arabic‐speaking populations.
Sirtuins and their influence on autophagy
Authors: Baeken Marius W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSirtuins and autophagy are well‐characterized agents that can promote longevity and protect individual organisms from age‐associated diseases like neurodegenerative disorders. In recent years, more and more data has been obtained that discerned potential overlaps and crosstalk between Sirtuin proteins and autophagic activity. This review aims to summarize the advances within the field for each individual Sirtuin in mammalian systems. In brief, most Sirtuins have been implicated in promoting autophagy, with Sirtuin 1 and Sirtuin 6 showing the highest immediate involvement, while Sirtuin 4 and Sirtuin 5 only demonstrate occasional influence. The way Sirtuins regulate autophagy, however, is very diverse, as they have been shown to regulate gene expression of autophagy‐associated genes and posttranslational modifications of proteins, with consequences for the activity and cellular localization of these proteins. They have also been shown to determine specific proteins for autophagic degradation. Overall, much data has been accumulated over recent years, yet many open questions remain. Especially although the dynamic between Sirtuin proteins and the immediate regulation of autophagic players like Light Chain 3B has been confirmed, many of these proteins have various orthologues in mammalian systems, and research so far has not exceeded the bona fide components of autophagy.
Unraveling the pathophysiologic role of galectin‐3 in chronically injured liver
Authors: Ezhilarasan Devaraj 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGalectin‐3 (Gal‐3) previously referred to as S‐type lectins, is a soluble protein that specifically binds to β‐galactoside carbohydrates with high specificity. Gal‐3 plays a pivotal role in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as cell proliferation, inflammation, differentiation, angiogenesis, transformation and apoptosis, pre‐mRNA splicing, metabolic syndromes, fibrosis, and host defense. The role of Gal‐3 has also been implicated in liver diseases. Gal‐3 is activated upon a hepatotoxic insult to the liver and its level has been shown to be upregulated in fatty liver diseases, inflammation, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cholangitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Gal‐3 directly interacts with the NOD‐like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3, and activates the inflammasome in macrophages of the liver. In the chronically injured liver, Gal‐3 secreted by injured hepatocytes and immune cells, activates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in a paracrine fashion to acquire a myofibroblast like collagen‐producing phenotype. Activated HSCs in the fibrotic liver secrete Gal‐3 which acts via autocrine signaling to exacerbate extracellular matrix synthesis and fibrogenesis. In the stromal microenvironment, Gal‐3 activates cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and metastasis. Clinically, increased serum levels and Gal‐3 expression were observed in the liver tissue of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrotic/cirrhotic, and HCC patients. The pathological role of Gal‐3 has been experimentally and clinically reported in the progression of chronic liver disease. Therefore, this review discusses the pathological role of Gal‐3 in the progression of chronic liver diseases.
Formulation of nutritious gluten‐free cookies with upcycled pecan nut cake flour
Authors: Martendal Letícia Frasson , Silva Maria Luiza Tonetto , da Silva Simão Raquel , Block Jane Mara , de Moraes Jaqueline Oliveira , Geraldo Ana Paula Gines , Feltes Maria Manuela Camino 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe pecan nut [Carya illinoinensis(Wangenh.) C. Koch] press cake (PNC) is a co‐product of pressing to produce oil, that has low cost and is nutritionally rich, but still little explored. This study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of PNC flour (PNCF) (0%, 15%, and 30%) to obtain nutritious gluten‐free cookies based on rice flour and corn starch, and upcycling the high‐quality pecan press cake.ResultsThe addition of the PNCF significantly increased the cookies lipids, insoluble fibers, and protein contents, and led to a significant reduction of the carbohydrates content. Texture profile analysis showed that the addition of PNCF in the samples formulation increased hardness and decreased cohesiveness of dough, showing better behavior for technological processing. After baking, the cookies added with PNCF showed no significant difference in the expansion factor, and required a much higher cutting force than cookies without PNCF (control formulation), due to the higher concentration of insoluble fibers of the former.ConclusionThe use of up to 30% PNCF allowed formulating gluten‐free cookies with a suitable proximate composition and desired texture characteristics. The findings can help the food industries to develop technologically viable formulations to meet the consumers´ demands and nutritional requirements of individuals with gluten restrictions, as well as to upcycle an oleaginous co‐product.
Application of legume‐based materials in encapsulation technology: A review
Authors: Dewan Md. Forshed , Haque M. Amdadul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere has been an increasing global trend for encapsulation of food and pharmaceutical products because of potential roles of this technology in preservation of active ingredients against harsh environments. The food industry ranked after drug sector in the field of encapsulation based on vastness. The delicate bioactive substances are encapsulated using a variety of wall materials. This review article discusses the applications of legume‐based materials for applications in encapsulation technology. The traditional and modern encapsulating techniques are listed. Legume flour, proteins, and starch are effective transporters for the unstable and highly reactive components. Besides physical, biochemical, and chemical modifications of legume‐based proteins and their combinations with polysaccharides are the advanced stages of research. Some functional features of legume proteins have been enhanced by various modifications and combinations with polysaccharides. As a consequence, significant effectiveness has been achieved in encapsulation efficiency. Few active core materials produced from legumes have been effectively enclosed with other wall materials. Furthermore, encapsulated products containing legume wall material have been shown to demonstrate controlled release and increased bioavailability of bioactive components. More research investigations are required to study the health implications of both short‐term and long‐term consumption of these encapsulated products. Legume‐based materials (flour, protein, and starch) possess suitable physical and chemical properties and, as such, offer great potential for commercial use in encapsulation technology.
The isotope distribution: A rose with thorns
Authors: Claesen Jürgen , Rockwood Alan , Gorshkov Mikhail , Valkenborg Dirk 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe isotope distribution, which reflects the number and probabilities of occurrence of different isotopologues of a molecule, can be theoretically calculated. With the current generation of (ultra)‐high‐resolution mass spectrometers, the isotope distribution of molecules can be measured with high sensitivity, resolution, and mass accuracy. However, the observed isotope distribution can differ substantially from the expected isotope distribution. Although differences between the observed and expected isotope distribution can complicate the analysis and interpretation of mass spectral data, they can be helpful in a number of specific applications. These applications include, yet are not limited to, the identification of peptides in proteomics, elucidation of the elemental composition of small organic molecules and metabolites, as well as wading through peaks in mass spectra of complex bioorganic mixtures such as petroleum and humus. In this review, we give a nonexhaustive overview of factors that have an impact on the observed isotope distribution, such as elemental isotope deviations, ion sampling, ion interactions, electronic noise and dephasing, centroiding, and apodization. These factors occur at different stages of obtaining the isotope distribution: during the collection of the sample, during the ionization and intake of a molecule in a mass spectrometer, during the mass separation and detection of ionized molecules, and during signal processing.
Can open government data policy improve firm performance? Evidence from listed firms in China
Authors: Zhou Mingle , Wang Yu , Huang Xiaohui , Li Gang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOur study aims to understand the impact of open government data (OGD) policy on firm performance and the moderating role of firm characteristics. The difference‐in‐difference model is used to analyze 10‐year panel data from 477 Chinese listed firms. The findings indicate that (a) OGD policy positively affects firm performance; (b) firm size positively moderates the relationship between OGD policy and firm performance; (c) R&D intensity nonlinearly moderates the relationship between OGD policy and firm performance; and (d) OGD policy significantly affects state‐owned firms. This paper provides suggestions for improving OGD policy and OGD market construction.