bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotionen bei chronifiziertem Schmerz
Authors: Körner Anne Juliane , Sabatowski Rainer , Kaiser Ulrike 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung
In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, inwiefern sich das emotionale Erleben und die emotionale Kompetenz (EK) bei Menschen mit chronifizierten Schmerzen während einer interdisziplinären multimodalen Schmerztherapie (IMST) verändern.

Methoden
Die Untersuchung fand an N = 184 erwachsenen deutschsprachigen Personen mit nichttumorbedingten chronifizierten Schmerzen statt. Sie absolvierten eine tagesklinische IMST. Die Häufigkeit spezifischer Emotionen und die EK wurden zu drei Messzeitpunkten mittels des Fragebogens zur emotionsspezifischen Selbsteinschätzung emotionaler Kompetenzen (SEK-ES) und des Emotionale-Kompetenz-Fragebogens (EKF) erfasst. Die Verlaufsergebnisse wurden deskriptiv, inferenzstatistisch und mittels linearer Regression ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Positive Emotionen wurden nach der Therapie häufiger (Effektstärke r = 0,40; p < 0,001) und negative Emotionen seltener (r = 0,39; p < 0,001) erlebt. Das Erleben von Ärger verringerte sich besonders stark (r = 0,52; p < 0,001). Die selbst eingeschätzte EK änderte sich nicht während der IMST (χ2EKF_gesamt (2) = 0,09; p = 0,956). EK erklärt in großem Ausmaß die Varianz des Häufigkeitserlebens positiver (R2 = 0,468) und negativer Emotionen (R2 = 0,390).

Diskussion
Es konnten Verbesserungen der von den Patient*innen berichteten Häufigkeiten positiver und negativer Emotionen während der IMST nachgewiesen werden. Weiterführende Forschung sollte die Ergebnisse mittels Kontrollgruppe validieren. Auch wenn für die untersuchten Personen kein expliziter Kompetenzzuwachs wahrnehmbar war, hatte die EK einen hohen prädiktiven Wert für die Emotionshäufigkeit. Zukünftige Therapiekonzeptionen und -evaluierungen sollten die Veränderungen des emotionalen Erlebens stärker fokussieren.

Graphic abstract
Dead Time-Free Detection of NMR Signals Using Voltage-Controlled Oscillators
Authors: Kern Michal , Klotz Tobias , Spiess Maximilian , Mavridis Petros , Blümich Bernhard , Anders Jens 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) as a new type of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detector, enabling dead time-free detection of NMR signals after an excitation pulse as well as the real-time inductive detection of Rabi oscillations during the pulse. Together with the theory of operation, we present the details of a custom-designed prototype implementation of a VCO-based NMR detector with an operating frequency around 62 MHz. The proof-of-concept measurements obtained with this prototype clearly demonstrate the possibility of performing dead time-free NMR experiments with coherent spin manipulation. Moreover, we also experimentally verified the capability of VCO-based detectors for performing real-time inductive detection of Rabi oscillations during the excitation pulse.
Clustering alternatives in preference-approvals via novel pseudometrics
Authors: Albano Alessandro , García-Lapresta José Luis , Plaia Antonella , Sciandra Mariangela 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPreference-approval structures combine preference rankings and approval voting for declaring opinions over a set of alternatives. In this paper, we propose a new procedure for clustering alternatives in order to reduce the complexity of the preference-approval space and provide a more accessible interpretation of data. To that end, we present a new family of pseudometrics on the set of alternatives that take into account voters’ preferences via preference-approvals. To obtain clusters, we use the Rankedk-medoids (RKM) partitioning algorithm, which takes as input the similarities between pairs of alternatives based on the proposed pseudometrics. Finally, using non-metric multidimensional scaling, clusters are represented in 2-dimensional space.
Fungicide Sensitivity in the European Canker Fungus, Neonectria ditissima
Authors: Wesche Johanna , Weber Roland W. S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeonectria ditissima is one of the most serious pathogens of apple trees in temperate climatic zones, causing bark canker as well as pre- and post-harvest fruit rots. Control of fruit rots in particular is hampered by uncertainty about the sensitivity to, and efficacy of, available fungicides. Using 43 N. ditissima isolates from Germany and South Tyrol, the effective concentrations causing a 50% inhibition of germ-tube growth (EC50) were determined for fludioxonil (0.009–0.046 ppm), trifloxystrobin (0.018–0.43 ppm), thiophanate-methyl (2.05–15.9 ppm), dodine (0.61–6.33 ppm), cyprodinil (5.04–83.7 ppm), pyrimethanil (22.0–500 ppm), fluopyram (1.35–140 ppm) and boscalid (> 500 ppm). In a detached-fruit assay based on artificial wound inoculation of apples previously dipped in fungicides at commercial dosages, fludioxonil and, to a lesser extent, fluopyram and dodine significantly reduced the fruit rot lesion size, whereas trifloxystrobin, cyprodinil and boscalid did not. Lesion size was also directly correlated to the amount of conidial inoculum, whereby wounds inoculated with 5000 conidia gave rise to larger lesions than those with 500 or 50 conidia. In a field trial of apple trees artificially inoculated with N. ditissima conidia at flowering, fludioxonil gave good control of blossom-end rot, and trifloxystrobin gave limited control, whereas cyprodinil was ineffective. Therefore, the efficacies of different fungicides were broadly in line with the EC50 values determined under laboratory conditions.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Utilization of HIV Testing and Linkage Services in Sierra Leone: Experience from Three Public Health Facilities in Freetown
Authors: Lakoh Sulaiman , Bangura Moses M. , Adekanmbi Olukemi , Barrie Umu , Jiba Darlinda F. , Kamara Matilda N. , Sesay Daniel , Jalloh Abdulai Tejan , Deen Gibrilla F. , Russell James B. W. , Egesimba Ginika , Yendewa George A. , Firima Emmanuel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the delivery of essential health services globally. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on HIV testing and linkage services at three public health facilities in Freetown, Sierra Leone. We conducted a retrospective study to assess the impact of COVID-19 on HIV testing and linkage to treatment services (HTS) at Connaught Hospital (CH-tertiary), Lumley Government Hospital (LGH-secondary) and George Brooke Community Health Center (GBC-primary) in Freetown. Statistical analyses were conducted in Stata (16.1, StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX). Intra-pandemic HTS (2020) and HTS during recovery (2021) were compared with pre-pandemic HTS (2019). Of the 8538 people tested for HIV in the three facilities, 4929 (57.5%) visited CH. Only 2249 people were tested for HIV in 2020 compared to 3825 in 2019 (difference: − 41.2%, P < 0.001). Fewer people were also tested in 2021 (difference: − 35.6% P < 0.001). The largest reductions in testing in 2020 occurred in women (− 47.7%), children under 15 (− 95.2%), married people (− 42.6%), and CH (− 46.2%). Overall, 1369 (16.0%) people were positive for HIV; CH (878, 17.9%), LGH (469, 15.6%) and GBC (22, 3.5%). The likelihood of a positive HIV test was 26% lower in 2020 than 2019 (PR 0.74; 95% CI 0.64–0.85; P < 0.001), but 16% higher in 2021 than 2019 (PR 1.16; 95% CI 1.03–1.30; P < 0.05). Of the 1369 HIV diagnosis, 526 (38.4%) were linked to care. We found significant disruptions in HIV testing and linkage services at different levels of service delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the need to strengthen essential health services during public health emergencies.
Elevated CDC45 Expression Predicts Poorer Overall Survival Prognoses and Worse Immune Responses for Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma via Single-Cell and Bulk RNA-Sequencing
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Zhou Jianhua , Wang Yong , Wang Xing , Zhu Bingye , Xing Qianwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to analyze the prognostic and immunological value of CDC45 in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) using single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing approaches. The expression of CDC45 in KIRC was evaluated by the HPA database, the TCGA-KIRC dataset and verified by PCR analysis and single-cell RNA-sequencing. The ability of CDC45 to independently predict prognosis in KIRC was confirmed by univariate/multivariate regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was employed to explore CDC45-related pathways in KIRC. In addition, Relationships between CDC45 and immunity were also examined. Elevated CDC45 expression in KIRC was demonstrated at mRNA and protein levels. The results of the correlation analysis showed that as CDC45 expression increased, so did the histological grade, clinical stage, and TNM stage of the patients (p < 0.05). Univariate/multivariate regression analysis suggested CDC45 as an independent prognostic factor for KIRC. Seven pathways related to CDC45 were screened through GSEA. Meanwhile, we found that CDC45 was correlated with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) but not tumor neoantigen burden (TNB). Regarding immunity, CDC45 exhibited correlations with the tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoints. Besides, low CDC45 expression was shown to be associated with a better response to immunotherapy. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that CDC45 was differently expressed in T cells (p < 0.05). CDC45 showed potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for KIRC. Meanwhile, the CDC45 low expression group was more sensitive to immunotherapy.
An eye-tracking-with-EEG coregistration corpus of narrative sentences
Authors: Frank Stefan L. , Aumeistere Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present the Radboud Coregistration Corpus of Narrative Sentences (RaCCooNS), the first freely available corpus of eye-tracking-with-EEG data collected while participants read narrative sentences in Dutch. The corpus is intended for studying human sentence comprehension and for evaluating the cognitive validity of computational language models. RaCCooNS contains data from 37 participants (3 of which eye tracking only) reading 200 Dutch sentences each. Less predictable words resulted in significantly longer reading times and larger N400 sizes, replicating well-known surprisal effects in eye tracking and EEG simultaneously. We release the raw eye-tracking data, the preprocessed eye-tracking data at the fixation, word, and trial levels, the raw EEG after merger with eye-tracking data, and the preprocessed EEG data both before and after ICA-based ocular artifact correction.
Hidden messages: mapping nations’ media campaigns
Authors: Erhardt Keeley , Pentland Alex 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPowerful actors have engaged in information control for centuries, restricting, promoting, or influencing the information environment as it suits their evolving agendas. In the Digital Age, information control has moved online, and information operations now target the online platforms that play a critical role in news engagement and civic debate. In this paper, we use a discrete-time stochastic model to analyze coordinated activity in an online social network, representing the behaviors of accounts as interacting Markov chains. From a dataset of 31,521 tweets posted by 206 accounts, half of which were identified by Twitter as participating in a state-linked information operation, we evaluate the coordination, measured by the apparent influence, between pairs of state-linked accounts compared to unaffiliated accounts. Our analysis reveals that state-linked actors demonstrate significantly higher levels of coordination among themselves compared to their coordination with unaffiliated accounts. Furthermore, the degree of coordination observed between state-linked accounts is more than seven times greater than the coordination observed between unaffiliated accounts. Moreover, we find that the account that represented the most coordinated activity in the network had no followers, demonstrating the power of our modeling approach to unearth hidden connections even in the absence of explicit network structure.
Modeling and analysis of switching max-plus linear systems with discrete-event feedback
Authors: Mohamadkhani Alireza , Geilen Marc , Voeten Jeroen , Basten Twan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSwitching max-plus linear system (SMPLS) models are an apt formalism for performance analysis of discrete-event systems. SMPLS analysis is more scalable than analysis through other formalisms such as timed automata, because SMPLS abstract pieces of determinate concurrent system behavior into atomic modes with fixed timing. We consider discrete-event systems that are decomposed into a plant and a Supervisory Controller (SC) that controls the plant. The SC needs to react to events, concerning e.g. the successful completion or failure of an action, to determine the future behavior of the system, for example, to initiate a retrial of the action. To specify and analyze such system behavior and the impact of feedback on timing properties, we introduce an extension to SMPLS with discrete-event feedback. In this extension, we model the plant behavior with system modes and capture the timing of discrete-event feedback emission from plant to SC in the mode matrices. Furthermore, we use I/O automata to capture how the SC responds to discrete-event feedback with corresponding mode sequences of the SMPLS. We define the semantics of SMPLS with events using new state-space equations that are akin to classical SMPLS with dynamic state-vector sizes. To analyze the extended models, we formulate a transformation from SMPLS with events to classical SMPLS with equivalent semantics and properties such that performance properties can be analyzed using existing techniques. Our approach enables the specification of discrete-event feedback from the plant to the SC and its performance analysis. We demonstrate our approach by specifying and analyzing the makespan of a flexible manufacturing system.
On the sociology of cartels
Authors: Haucap Justus , Heldman Christina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe analyze 15 German cartels, focusing on the personal characteristics of the individual participants, the methods and frequency of communication as well as the internal organizational structures within the cartels and their eventual breakup. Our results indicate that cartel members are highly homogeneous and often rely on existing networks within the industry, such as trade associations. Most impressively, only two of the 158 individuals involved in these 15 cartels were female, suggesting that gender plays a role for cartel formation. We further identify various forms of communication and divisions of responsibilities and show that leniency programs are a powerful tool in breaking up cartels. Based on these results we discuss implications for competition policy and further research.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the New York-New Jersey Metropolitan Area
Authors: Zahorodny Walter , Shenouda Josephine , Sidwell Kate , Verile Michael G. , Alvarez Cindy Cruz , Fusco Arline , Mars Audrey , Waale Mildred , Gleeson Tara , Burack Gail , Zumoff Paul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Almost all epidemiologic studies estimating autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence have focused on school-age children. This study provides the first population-based data on the prevalence and expression of ASD among adolescents in a large US metropolitan region.

Methods
Active multiple source ASD surveillance of adolescents aged 16-years was conducted according to the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network method in a four-county New Jersey metropolitan region. Prevalence estimates are provided, characteristics are described and comparison of the distribution and characteristics of ASD is offered for this cohort, at 8 and 16-years.

Results
ASD prevalence was 17.7 per 1000 (95% CI: 16.3–19.2)]. One-in-55 males and one in 172 females were identified with ASD. High-SES was positively associated with ASD and White adolescents had higher ASD prevalence (22.2 per 1000) than Hispanic adolescents (13.1 per 1000). One in four study-confirmed individuals with ASD did not have an ASD diagnosis. A majority of ASD adolescents (58.8%) had a co-occurring neuropsychiatric disorder. White and High-SES individuals had greater likelihood of co-occurring disorder. The demographic distribution and functional profile of ASD was similar in this cohort at 8 and 16-years.

Conclusion
Approximately one-in-55 adolescents in our area had ASD, in 2014, and one-in-4 16-year-olds with ASD was not diagnosed. A majority (3-in-5) of the adolescents with ASD had a co-occurring neuropsychiatric disorder. ASD under-identification and the high frequency of co-disorders in adolescents with ASD pose significant challenges to care and support.
How do Individuals With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury Interpret Emoji? Similarities and Differences in Perceived Valence, Arousal, and Emotion Representation
Authors: Clough Sharice , Tanguay Annick F. N. , Mutlu Bilge , Turkstra Lyn S. , Duff Melissa C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImpaired facial affect recognition is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and linked to poor social outcomes. We explored whether perception of emotions depicted by emoji is also impaired after TBI. Fifty participants with TBI and 50 non-injured peers generated free-text labels to describe emotions depicted by emoji and rated their levels of valence and arousal on nine-point rating scales. We compared how the two groups’ valence and arousal ratings were clustered and examined agreement in the words participants used to describe emoji. Hierarchical clustering of affect ratings produced four emoji clusters in the non-injured group and three emoji clusters in the TBI group. Whereas the non-injured group had a strongly positive and a moderately positive cluster, the TBI group had a single positive valence cluster, undifferentiated by arousal. Despite differences in cluster numbers, hierarchical structures of the two groups’ emoji ratings were significantly correlated. Most emoji had high agreement in the words participants with and without TBI used to describe them. Participants with TBI perceived emoji similarly to non-injured peers, used similar words to describe emoji, and rated emoji similarly on the valence dimension. Individuals with TBI showed small differences in perceived arousal for a minority of emoji. Overall, results suggest that basic recognition processes do not explain challenges in computer-mediated communication reported by adults with TBI. Examining perception of emoji in context by people with TBI is an essential next step for advancing our understanding of functional communication in computer-mediated contexts after brain injury.
The Two Forms of Legal Time: Pierre Legendre’s “La Durée Poignardée”: Remarques sur la Structure et le Temps
Authors: Rahmatian Andreas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn his Leçons VII (Le désir politique de dieu) Pierre Legendre applies the idea or expression of ‘instituting time’ (‘instituer le temps’), that is, working with time as a malleable material, but at the same time conceptualising time as dogmatic time, especially in the interpretation of law. As an example of this concept he refers to the English Common Law, a ‘style’ of ‘governing by solving cases’. This text will analyse the notion of two times of law—inaugural/mythological and historical—and how it applies to Common Law judgments, as well as to Institutional Writers that are characteristic of Scots Law in particular.
Barrier Discharges in Science and Technology Since 2003: A Tribute and Update
Authors: Brandenburg Ronny , Becker Kurt H. , Weltmann Klaus-Dieter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn update to the article “Dielectric-barrier Discharges: Their History, Discharge Physics, and Industrial Applications” by Ulrich Kogelschatz from 2003 is given. The research and applications of barrier discharges of the last decades are summarized. In particular, the latest developments in ozone generation, radiation sources, environmental applications and surface treatment are discussed. Topics, which appeared with growing attention after 2003, such as plasma medicine, carbon dioxide chemistry, liquid treatment and airflow control, are also summarized to provide an outlook into the coming years.It can be stated, that this type of gas discharge is still of high scientific and technological relevance. Its wide range of applications made the research more inter- and cross-disciplinary while modern diagnostic and modeling enabled deeper insights in the complex physical and chemical processes. In this sense, the contribution of Ulrich Kogelschatz, who introduced and inspired several generations of researchers in the field, cannot be overstated.
All losses are not alike: Real versus accounting-driven reported losses
Authors: Gu Feng , Lev Baruch , Zhu Chenqi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe examine the value relevance of accounting-driven losses that result from the immediate expensing of firms’ internally generated intangible investments versus losses occurring irrespective of intangible investments. Contrary to the long-held view that losses are less relevant than profits for valuation, we find that once the accounting bias of intangibles-expensing is undone, earnings of firms reporting intangibles-driven losses are as informative as earnings of profitable firms. Furthermore, contrary to the view that persistent losses decrease earnings relevance, our evidence shows no decrease in the relevance of earnings for firms reporting persistent intangibles-driven losses. We also find that firms reporting intangibles-driven losses subsequently outperform other loss firms and even profitable firms in value creation from investments in technological innovation and human capital. Our evidence further shows that firms reporting intangibles-driven losses have stronger future performance than other firms. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate the fundamental differences between losses driven by the immediate expensing of internally generated intangible investments and losses reflecting genuine business performance shortfalls. Standard accounting performance measures, however, do not properly reflect these operational differences and their implications.
Tertiary Education, Changing One’s Educational Decision and the Role of Parental Preferences
Authors: Christoph Bernhard , Spangenberg Heike , Quast Heiko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnequal access to university and the decision processes that give rise to it are important factors in the accumulation of educational inequalities. In this paper, we investigate a specific aspect of such decision processes by focusing on those students who change their original plans to start a (nontertiary) vocational education and decide to pursue a tertiary degree instead. In doing so, we find that more than one-fifth of the students in our sample who originally planned to pursue a vocational education change their original decision in this way. Moreover, while students from a more advantaged background are more likely to go to university in the first place, those among them that initially opted for a vocational education are also more likely to change their decision and go to university instead. We also find that parental preferences for tertiary education play an important role in the process of changing one’s mind, even for adult children. Moreover, we find that differential parental preferences contribute to both the emergence of social background effects and—as a result—the perpetuation of educational inequalities.