bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
18F‐FDG PET/CT imaging in neuroendocrine prostate cancer: Relation to histopathology and prognosis
Authors: Shen Kai , Yu Minghao , Ji Yiyi , Zhou Xiang , Liu Bo , Zhang Weiwei , Su Ruopeng , Qi Jun , Wang Qi , Xue Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT) in predicting prognosis and characterizing the intratumoral glucose uptake of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 189 NEPC patients from two medical centers between January 2009 and April 2021. Of these, 44 patients met the inclusion criteria. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was measured to assess the metabolic state of NEPC and comparison were made between different histopathological subtypes. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive value of SUVmax on overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS).ResultsThis study analyzed 44 NEPC patients and found that 13 patients had small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC), while 31 were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (Ad‐NED) based on histopathology, and a positive correlation was found between SUVmax and SCNC via Spearman correlation test (rs = 0.60, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, SUVmax demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy in differentiating SCNC from Ad‐NED (area under the curve 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76–0.99). Kaplan–Meier survival analyses and univariate analyses revealed that patients with SUVmax > 10.2 had a significantly shorter OS than patients with SUVmax ≤ 10.2 (hazard ratio = 4.83, 95% CI 1.45–16.1, p = 0.01).ConclusionsThe histopathological subtypes in NEPC showed a close correlation with the glucose metabolic activity of primary tumors as assessed by 18F‐FDG PET/CT. High SUVmax values in primary prostate tumors were associated with a worse OS in NEPC patients.
Functional response of an egg parasitoid,Trichogramma chilonisIshii to sublethal imidacloprid exposure
Authors: Ray Aishwarya , Gadratagi Basana Gowda , Budhlakoti Neeraj , Rana Dhanendra Kumar , Adak Totan , Govindharaj Guru Pirasanna Pandi , Patil Naveenkumar Basavanagouda , Mahendiran Annamalai , Rath Prakash Chandra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effectiveness of a biological control agent depends on how well it can control pests and how compatible it is with pesticides. Therefore, we reported the multigenerational effect of a commonly used insecticide, imidacloprid, on the functional response of a widely acclaimed egg parasitoid,Trichogramma chilonisIshii, to different densities of the hostCorcyra cephalonicaStainton eggs. The study investigated the outcomes of the median lethal concentration (LC50) and sublethal concentrations (LC5, LC30), along with control treatments for five continuous generations (F1to F5).RESULTSThe results showed that the F5generation of LC30, both of the F1and F5generations of LC50, and the control all had a Type II functional response. A Type I functional response was exhibited for the F1generation of LC30and both generations of LC5. The attack rate on host eggs treated with LC5and LC30did not change (decrease) with the shift in the type of functional response as compared to the control. A significant increase in the searching efficiency (a) was observed in the later generation (F5) under the exposure of LC5and LC30imidacloprid concentrations. A lower handling time (Th) in both generations of the LC5followed by LC30treated individuals was observed when compared with the control and LC50treatments. Theper capitaparasitization efficiency (1/Th) and the rate of parasitization per handling time (a/Th) were also considerably higher in both the generations of LC5and LC30than in the control and LC50, thereby implying positive effects of imidacloprid on the parasitization potential ofT.chilonis.CONCLUSIONAltogether, these multigenerational outcomes on the functional response ofT.chiloniscould be leveraged to control the intractable lepidopteran pests under the mild exposure of imidacloprid in integrated pest management (IPM) programs as well as in the mass rearing of the parasitoid,T.chilonis. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Helping scientists reflect on their relationship with rivers via frames
Authors: Allan Catherine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractReflecting on practice is valuable for river scientists, but rarely part of their expected skillset or practice. This paper demonstrates how considering metaphors in written, verbal and visual discourse can help rivers scientists reflect on their practice. Understanding the language they use is important for river scientists and their communities, as frames influence how issues are defined and addressed. Here, I explore the frames used by a selection of river scientists and managers. I examined the abstracts of all papers published in the journal River Research and Applications in 2002 (n = 43) and 2021 (n = 75), using an inductive metaphor analysis. The rivers in the abstracts appear to be framed in 15 ways. The River as Damaged frame provided justification for action, often by scientists as indicated by the River as Laboratory frame, but also by other experts as suggested by framing the River as a Machine, Ledger and Battlefield, with underlying elements of control through tasks based on expert knowledge. A few abstracts used other frames such as River as Art, River as Spirit or River as Market, and these were the only frames that did not occur in both sets of abstracts. I demonstrate how frames such as these can be used as a starting point for reflecting on practice. Recognizing frames in use can be a pathway for river scientists and their communities to reflect on their relationships with rivers, and the implications of those relationships.
The “Department of Human Needs”: Renewable energy and the water–energy–land nexus in Zanzibar
Authors: Dean Erin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn designating its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the United Nations invoked the “water–energy–land (WEL) nexus” to emphasize the interconnections between different policy sectors and accentuate the importance of an integrated approach to human and environmental welfare. Identifying the WEL nexus draws attention to the interplay of technical and moral values, the intersections or overlaps between these values, and the areas where values conflict, tradeoffs happen, and priorities are set or shifted. And within this WEL resource nexus, the development and expansion of renewable energy technologies has the potential to redefine and reorder the balance of values. The archipelago of Zanzibar, a semiautonomous protectorate within the East African nation of Tanzania, is currently making complex energy choices that highlight the significance and fragility of this resource nexus and the role of renewable energy in reshaping it. In this article, I draw on ethnographic research in peri‐urban Zanzibari communities to consider how the WEL nexus in Zanzibar is generated by and generative of complex gradations of value and to explore how the development of renewable energy technologies, particularly solar technology, is both entrenching and transforming the linkages between energy, water, and land in Zanzibar.
Nonpolar Solvent Modulated Inkjet Printing of Nanoparticle Self‐Assembly Morphologies
Authors: Guo Dan , Xu Yanan , Ruan Jun , Tong Junhua , Li Yixuan , Zhai Tianrui , Song Yanlin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPatterning of luminescent nanomaterials is critical in the fields of display and information encryption, and inkjet printing technology have shown remarkable significance with the advantage of fast, large‐scalable and integrative. However, inkjet printing nanoparticle deposits with high‐resolution and well controlled morphology from nonpolar solvent droplets is still challenging. Herein, a facile approach of nonpolar solvent modulated inkjet printing of nanoparticles self‐assembly patterns driven by the shrinkage of the droplet and inner solutal convection is proposed. Through regulating the solvent composition and nanoparticle concentration, multicolor light‐emissive upconversion nanoparticle self‐assembly microarrays with tunable morphologies are achieved, showing the integration of designable microscale morphologies and photoluminescences for multimodal anti‐counterfeit. Furthermore, inkjet printing of nanoparticles self‐assembled continuous lines with adjustable morphologies by controlling the coalescence and drying of the ink droplets is achieved. The high resolution of inkjet printing microarrays and continuous lines’ width < 5 and 10 µm is realized, respectively. This nonpolar solvent‐modulated inkjet printing of nanoparticle deposits approach facilitates the patterning and integration of different nanomaterials, and is expected to provide a versatile platform for fabricating advanced devices applied in photonics integration, micro‐LED, and near‐field display.
Modifying PTAA/Perovskite Interface via 4‐Butanediol Ammonium Bromide for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Lixin , Xia Junming , Liu Tanghao , Wang Kaiyang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have witnessed an impressive development in recent years. However, their efficiency is still significantly behind theoretical limits, and device instabilities hinder their commercialization. Two main obstacles to further enhancing their performance via one‐step deposition are: 1) the unsatisfactory film quality of perovskite and 2) the poor surface contact. To address the above issues, 4‐butanediol ammonium Bromide (BD) is utilized to passivate Pb2+ defects by forming PbN bonds and fill vacancies of formamidinium ions at the buried surface of perovskite. The wettability of poly [bis (4‐phenyl) (2,4,6‐triMethylphenyl) amine] films is also improved due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between PTAA and BD molecules, resulting in better surface contacts and enhanced perovskite crystallinity. As a result, BD‐modified perovskite thin films show a significant increase in the mean grain size, as well as a dramatic enhancement in the PL decay lifetime. The BD‐treated device exhibits an efficiency of up to 21.26%, considerably higher than the control device. Moreover, the modified devices show dramatically enhanced thermal and ambient stability compared to the control ones. This methodology paves the way to obtain high‐quality perovskite films for fabricating high‐performance IPSCs.
Electrochemically Dealloyed 3D Porous Copper Nanostructure as Anode Current Collector of Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Ma Yifan , Ma Xuetian , Bai Jianming , Xu Wenqian , Zhong Hui , Liu Zhantao , Xiong Shan , Yang Lufeng , Chen Hailong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe commercialization of high‐energy Li‐metal batteries is impeded by Li dendrites formed during electrochemical cycling and the safety hazards it causes. Here, a novel porous copper current collector that can effectively mitigate the dendritic growth of Li is reported. This porous Cu foil is fabricated via a simple two‐step electrochemical process, where Cu‐Zn alloy is electrodeposited on commercial copper foil and then Zn is electrochemically dissolved to form a 3D porous structure of Cu. The 3D porous Cu layers on average have a thickness of ≈14 um and porosity of ≈72%. This current collector can effectively suppress Li dendrites in cells cycled with a high areal capacity of 10 mAh cm−2 and under a high current density of 10 mA cm−2. This electrochemical fabrication method is facile and scalable for mass production. Results of advanced in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction reveal the phase evolution of the electrochemical deposition and dealloying processes.
Creation of a Field‐Induced Co(II) Single‐Ion Magnet by Doping into a Zn(II) Diamagnetic Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Wakizaka Masanori , Ishikawa Ryuta , Tanaka Hisaaki , Gupta Shraddha , Takaishi Shinya , Yamashita Masahiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe combination of single‐ion magnets (SIMs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is expected to produce new quantum materials. The principal issue to be solved in this regard is the development of new strategies for the synthesis of SIM‐MOFs. This work demonstrates a new simple strategy for the synthesis of SIM‐MOFs where a diamagnetic MOF is used as the framework into which the SIM sites are doped. 1, 0.5, and 0.2 mol% of the Co(II) ions are doped into the Zn(II) sites of [CH6N3][ZnII(HCOO)3]. The doped Co(II) sites in the MOFs perform as SIM with a positive D term of zero‐field splitting. The longest magnetic relaxation time is 150 ms (0.2 mol% Co) at 1.8 K under a static field of 0.1 T. Temperature dependency of the relaxation time suggests suppressing magnetic relaxation by reduction of spin–spin interaction upon doping in the rigid framework. Thus, this work represents a proof of concept for the creation of a single‐ion doped magnet in the MOF. This simple synthetic strategy will be widely applied for the creation of quantum magnetic materials.
Relation between electrically conductive properties and flexural behaviors of ultra‐high‐performance concrete
Authors: Niu Yanfei , Jiao Chujie , Guo Wenhao , Li Jianxin , Huang Haoliang , Huang Jianzhang , Yang Guowei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ability of the resistivity measurement to study the crack propagation behavior of the ultra‐high‐performance concrete (UHPC) under flexural loading was analyzed, and focused on investigating the effects of crack length and the fracture process zone (FPZ) on the change in electrical resistivity in the post‐cracking stage. The results indicated that the strain‐dependent resistivity characteristic was able to drawn by a linear‐fitting equation before the crack initiated (stage I). After the crack initiated, the change in electrical resistance of the UHPC can be good to reflect the crack development in the post‐cracking stages (II and III), then, the relationship between the crack propagation behavior and the fractional change in electrical resistance (FCR) can be quantitative analysis by using an exponential function. It was also found that the evolution of the crack length and FPZ also had an appreciable impact on the variation tendency of the FCR. The crack length increased dramatically at first and then increased smoothly with the increase of FRC, while the FPZ showed the reverse change trend.
Decision making for multi‐objective problems: Mean and median metrics
Authors: Efatmaneshnik Mahmoud , Chitsaz Nasim , Qiao Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen dealing with problems with more than two objectives, sophisticated multi‐objective optimization algorithms might be needed. Pareto optimization, which is based on the concept of dominated and non‐dominated solutions, is the most widely utilized method when comparing solutions within a multi‐objective setting. However, in the context of optimization, where three or more objectives are involved, the effectiveness of Pareto dominance approaches to drive the solutions to convergence is significantly compromised as more and more solutions tend to be non‐dominated by each other. This in turn reduces the selection pressure, especially for algorithms that rely on evolving a population of solutions such as evolutionary algorithms, particle swarm optimization, differential evolution, etc. The size of the non‐dominated set of trade‐off solutions can be quite large, rendering the decision‐making process difficult if not impossible. The size of the non‐dominated solution set increases exponentially with an increase in the number of objectives. This paper aims to expand a framework for coping with many/multi‐objective and multidisciplinary optimization problems through the introduction of a min‐max metric that behaves like a median measure that can locate the center of a data set. We compare this metric to the Chebyshev norm L_∞ metric that behaves like a mean measure in locating the center of a data set. The median metric is introduced in this paper for the first time, and unlike the mean metric is independent of the data normalization method. These metrics advocate balanced, natural, and minimum compromise solutions about all objectives. We also demonstrate and compare the behavior of the two metrics for a Tradespace case study involving more than 1200 CubeSat design alternatives identifying a manageable set of potential solutions for decision‐makers.
A single origin of leaflessness in Afro‐Malagasy angraecoids (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae)
Authors: Farminhão João , Biteau Jean Philippe , Yakhouba Diallo , Savignac Marie , Simo‐Droissart Murielle , Droissart Vincent , Sonké Bonaventure , Stévart Tariq 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicrocoelia and the monospecific Taeniorrhiza and Chauliodon are notable among Afrotropical angraecoid orchids for being leafless. However, the affinity among these genera was not addressed in previous molecular phylogenetic studies, thus precluding the understanding of how many times has leaflessness evolved in angraecoids. The discovery of an additional species ascribable to Taeniorrhiza in Gabon, and a revision of all material referrable to this genus in herbarium collections, created the possibility to investigate the phylogenetic position of Taeniorrhiza relative to Microcoelia and Chauliodon. Based on phylogenetic inference using ITS‐1 and two plastid regions (matK/trnK, trnL‐trnF), and including 20 of the 34 species of Microcoelia recognised prior to our study, we here demonstrate that Taeniorrhiza and Chauliodon are deeply imbedded in Microcoelia, and are thus treated here as synonyms of the last. Accordingly, we describe the novelty from Gabon as a new species of Microcoelia: Microcoelia nguemae sp. nov. The new species is illustrated with colour photographs, and also with line drawings. Its preliminarily IUCN conservation status is provided. The novelty is notable for the dorsiventrally asymmetric distribution of pneumathodes along its roots and for bearing the longest lip spur in this Afro‐Malagasy epiphytic genus. The new phylogenetic framework suggests a single origin of leaflessness in Afrotropical angrecoids and reveals the informative value of the rostellum to reconstruct relationships within Microcoelia. This serves as the basis of a newly proposed sectional treatment for Microcoelia, recognising 37 species, one new section, a new status for the defunct genus Encheiridion and the redefinition of Microcoelia sect. Microcoelia and sect. Brachyglossa.
Biomimicry: How the environment serves as a guide for technological advancements
Authors: Thiagarajan Chenniappan , Naveen Subbaiyan , Madhu Sundaram , Muthumari Perumal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMultiple ecological tactics, like the ones described here, can be imitated to strongly affect these two components in the construction sector. This article provides an in‐depth examination of the literature on biomimicry‐based strategies intended to enhance building designs. This analysis is motivated by the rising need for energy legislation to achieve future local goals and provide a framework for use in Panama. These biomimicry‐based methods have undergone more review and evaluation, and the incorporation of organism‐based design for three of Panama's climate types has been proposed. Therefore, a SWOT analysis assisted in realizing the full potential that biomimicry‐based techniques might have in raising the likelihood of satisfying local and international regulatory standards. In order to design constructions using biomimicry, multidisciplinary collaboration is required. This gives a competitive edge for better‐trained human resources and expands horizons in the conventional construction industry. Finally, the analysis provided here might act as the preliminary step for the additional technical assessment using numerical and experimental procedures.
Evolving the Digital Industrial Infrastructure for Production: Steps Taken and the Road Ahead
Authors: Pennekamp Jan , Belova Anastasiia , Bergs Thomas , Bodenbenner Matthias , Bührig-Polaczek Andreas , Dahlmanns Markus , Kunze Ike , Kröger Moritz , Geisler Sandra , Henze Martin , Lütticke Daniel , Montavon Benjamin , Niemietz Philipp , Ortjohann Lucia , Rudack Maximilian , Schmitt Robert H. , Vroomen Uwe , Wehrle Klaus , Zeng Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Internet of Production (IoP) leverages concepts such as digital shadows, data lakes, and a World Wide Lab (WWL) to advance today’s production. Consequently, it requires a technical infrastructure that can support the agile deployment of these concepts and corresponding high-level applications, which, e.g., demand the processing of massive data in motion and at rest. As such, key research aspects are the support for low-latency control loops, concepts on scalable data stream processing, deployable information security, and semantically rich and efficient long-term storage. In particular, such an infrastructure cannot continue to be limited to machines and sensors, but additionally needs to encompass networked environments: production cells, edge computing, and location-independent cloud infrastructures. Finally, in light of the envisioned WWL, i.e., the interconnection of production sites, the technical infrastructure must be advanced to support secure and privacy-preserving industrial collaboration. To evolve today’s production sites and lay the infrastructural foundation for the IoP, we identify five broad streams of research: (1) adapting data and stream processing to heterogeneous data from distributed sources, (2) ensuring data interoperability between systems and production sites, (3) exchanging and sharing data with different stakeholders, (4) network security approaches addressing the risks of increasing interconnectivity, and (5) security architectures to enable secure and privacy-preserving industrial collaboration. With our research, we evolve the underlying infrastructure from isolated, sparsely networked production sites toward an architecture that supports high-level applications and sophisticated digital shadows while facilitating the transition toward a WWL.
Generalizations and Open Problems
Authors: Jongeneel Wouter , Moulay Emmanuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter concludes the monograph and provides a brief overview of generalizations, ongoing work and open problems. In particular, by means of periodic orbits we highlight analogous discrete-time theory. Moreover, we remark how to generalize the classical Poincaré–Hopf theorem and we highlight Morse–, Lusternik–Schnirelmann– and Conley (index) theory.
Demokratisierung als Richtschnur medialer Transformation. Eine Einleitung
Authors: Legrand Jupp , Linden Benedikt , Arlt Hans-Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Anzeichen einer Krise der demokratischen Öffentlichkeit sind nicht zu übersehen: Fake News, Dauererregung, Empörungsspiralen, der Niedergang des klassischen Geschäftsmodells des Journalismus sind nur einige Stichworte. Gleichzeitig mehren sich wissenschaftliche und publizistische Beiträge, die versuchen, die gegenwärtigen Veränderungen zu analysieren und Bausteine einer gestaltbaren Transformation vorzuschlagen. Der Begriff der Demokratisierung kann – auch in Anknüpfung an die Ideen des visionären Gewerkschafters Otto Brenner – Leitidee und Richtschnur sein, um dem neuen Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit Orientierung zu geben. Er eignet sich als Bewertungsfolie für Strukturen und Prozesse, Institutionen, Inhalte und Formate des modernen digitalisierten Mediensystems.