bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapiestrategien bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Langerhanszell
Histiozytosen
Authors: Barnbrock Anke Elisabeth , Hutter Caroline , Bochennek Konrad , Minkov Milen , Lehrnbecher Thomas 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie derzeitige Standardtherapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit neu
diagnostizierter Langerhanszell Histiozytose (LCH) beruht auf den Medikamenten
Prednison und Vinblastin. Im Falle eines schlechten Therapieansprechens bzw.
Reaktivierung hängt das weitere Vorgehen von Faktoren wie zum Beispiel
des Befalls eines Risikoorgans wie Leber, Milz oder hämatopoetisches
System ab. Der folgende Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die
wichtigsten aktuellen Daten zu Therapieoptionen in den unterschiedlichen
klinischen Situationen, die aufgrund der fehlenden Evidenz meist nicht
ausführlich in den aktualisierten Leitlinien dargestellt werden. Auch
werden neue Therapieoptionen wie Inhibitoren des MAP-Kinase Signalweges
diskutiert. Falls diese Therapiestrategien in Erwägung gezogen werden,
sollte dies mit dem zuständigen Referenzzentrum diskutiert werden. Zudem
sollten alle Kinder und Jugendliche mit LCH in laufende Register oder Studien
eingeschlossen werden.
Optimization of the Acquisition Time and Injected Dose of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Based on Patient Specifications for High-Sensitive Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scanner
Authors: Al-Fatlawi Murtadha , Pak Farideh , Farzanefar Saeed , Salehi Yalda , Monsef Abbas , Sheikhzadeh Peyman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Background This study was aimed to optimize the fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-administered dose and scan time based on patient specifications using a highly sensitive five-ring bismuth germanium oxide (BGO)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanner (Discovery IQ).
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 101 whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT images. Patient data were reconstructed using ordered subset expectation maximization with resolution recovery algorithms (OSEM + SharpIR). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated for each patient, standardized to SNRnorm, and plotted against three body index parameters (weight, body mass index, and lean body mass). Two professional physicians blindly examined image quality at different patient time per bed positions to determine the minimum acceptable quality. To select images of acceptable quality, the noise index parameter was also measured. A new dose-time product (DTP) was established for each patient, and a predicted injected dose was assumed.
Results We found an almost linear association between patient weight and normalized SNR, and patient weight had the highest R2 in the fitting. The redesigned DTP can reduce results by approximately 74 and 38% compared with ordinary DTP for 80- and 160-s scan durations. The new dose regimen formula was found to be DTP = c/t × m
1.24, where m is the patient weight, t is the scan time per bed position, and c is 1.8 and 4.3 for acceptable and higher confidence states, respectively, in Discovery IQ PET/CT.
Conclusion Patient weight is the best clinical parameter for the implementation of 18F-FDG PET/CT image quality assessment. A new dose-time regimen based on body weight was proposed for use in highly sensitive five-ring BGO PET-CT scanners to significantly reduce the injection dose and scan times while maintaining sufficient image quality for diagnosis.
Aorto-Left Ventricular Tunnel—An Uncommon Entity
Authors: Mondy Vimal Chacko , Ayyappan Anoop , Valakkada Jineesh , Bhattacharya Deepanjan , Sasidharan Bijulal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aorto-left ventricular tunnel is an extracardiac communication that has a specific morphological feature. It is important to differentiate this entity from other diagnoses because the treatment options differ significantly and better outcomes are obtained with this entity.
Maternal Blood Group Is a Possible Predictor for Developing Congenital Heart Disease in Turkish Children with Down's Syndrome
Authors: Kandur Yasar , Kocakap Derya Beyza Sayın , Alpcan Aysegul , Sanlı Cihat , Sayan Cemile Dayangan , Koyuncu Ömer Lütfi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the risk factors for the anomalies of Down's syndrome (DS) patients and reviewed the relation of blood groups of the patients and the mothers with these anomalies. Pediatric patients who were diagnosed with trisomy 21 between 2010 and 2022 were enrolled in this study. The medical records of the DS patients and their parents were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 48 patients applied to our clinic. 24 (50%) patients were diagnosed with congenital heart disease. 21 (43.75%) patients had hypothyroidism. The distribution of individual congenital heart defects (CHDs) was as follows: ventricular septal defect in eight (33.3%) patients, one of which also had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA); atrioventricular septal defects in seven (29.1%) patients; atrial septal defects in four (16.6%) patients, one of which also had patent ducus arteriosus; and PDA in five (20.8%) patients. One (4.2%) patient had tetralogy of Fallot. The incidence of CHD in patients with maternal blood group A was significantly higher than those without CHD, with a prevalence of 63.6 and 21.1%, respectively (p = 0.020). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that maternal blood group A was a risk factor for CHDs (odds ratio = 6.563; 95% confidence interval: 1.259–34.204; p = 0.025). Although we found that the rate of advanced father age was high in hypothyroidism type, the regression analysis showed that it was not a risk factor. We found that maternal blood group A increased the likelihood of being born with CHDs in DS.
Impacts of urban shrinkage on the built environment and its environmental sustainability: an analytical review
Authors: He Xiujuan , Gao Weijun , Guan Dongjie , Zhou Lilei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The proliferation of case studies of shrinking cities in recent years has stimulated intense debate on the impacts of urban shrinkage. However, assessing the impacts of urban shrinkage from a comprehensive perspective could be more present. Also, there is a lake of analytical review of historical studies about the impacts of urban shrinkage. The built environment has different characteristics under different urban development patterns involving infrastructure, services, and social, economic, and structural factors, which provides a best practice for exploring the impacts of urban shrinkage. This study synthesizes the literature surrounding urban shrinkage and built environment changes, identifying that urban shrinkage notably affects the different components of the built environment and gives rise to four related environmental and sustainability impacts involving urban landscapes and structures, ecological sustainability, socioeconomic vitality, and residents’ perceptions. Furthermore, there are interactions between the environmental and sustainability impacts, involving trade-offs and synergies between residents’ perceptions, ecological sustainability, and socioeconomic vitality. The study also summarized the mainstream methods for assessing the impacts of urban shrinkage and explored the effects of urban shrinkage management strategies on improving the built environment. Finally, a framework for future direction is presented for the final to integrate the theories of urban shrinkage, people and land relationship, and sustainable urban development to guide further exploration in the field. In summary, this study implies that restoring and upgrading the built environment can pave the way for a common goal for long-term sustainable development. The value of this study is to provide relevant researchers with the knowledge to understand the developing frontiers of urban shrinkage impacts on built environments.
Study on adsorption performance and mechanism of peanut hull-derived magnetic biochar for removal of malachite green from water
Authors: Zhao Xiaohui , Hua Qiong , Wang Chengyu , Wang Xiaodan , Zhang Hongpei , Zhang Ke , Zheng Binguo , Yang Jinwen , Niu Junling 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Magnetic biochar (MBC) has the advantages including wide source of raw materials and low cost, and has become a potential adsorbent for water treatment, overcoming the shortcomings of biochar (BC) with the hard separation of solid and liquid. Peanut hull-derived magnetic biochar loaded with Fe3O4 (Fe3O4/BC) was prepared by co-precipitation method. By means of material characterization and batch processing experiments, material properties and environmental factors affecting adsorption performance were investigated. The adsorption mechanism of Fe3O4/BC on malachite green (MG) was revealed using adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics. The results showed that Fe3O4 particles were uniformly loaded, the total pore volume was increased, surface oxygen-containing functional groups were formed, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the biochar reached 175.4 mg g−1, 1.6 times of that before modification. In a wide PH range, Fe3O4/BC showed high adsorption performance for MG, and significant influence from ionic strength wasn’t found. Chemical adsorption was the main adsorption mechanism, including electrostatic interaction, cation exchange, hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction. The study of adsorption mechanism will promote the application of MBC in the removal of organic pollutants from water.
XI—Śrīharṣa on Two Paradoxes of Inquiry
Authors: Das Nilanjan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In A Confection of Refutation (Khaṇḍanakhaṇḍakhādya), the twelfth-century philosopher and poet Śrīharṣa addresses a version of Meno’s paradox. This version of the paradox was well known in first millennium South Asia through the writings of two earlier Sanskrit philosophers, Śabarasvāmin (4th–5th century ce) and Śaṃkara (8th century ce). Both these thinkers proposed a solution to the paradox. I show how Śrīharṣa rejects this solution, and splits the old paradox into two new ones: the paradox of triviality and the paradox of incoherence. I argue that these paradoxes are connected to Śrīharṣa’s broader pessimism about the possibility of successful rational inquiry into certain philosophical questions.
Beyond concepts as tokens: heuristic value and epistemic politics in the study of digital subalterns
Authors: Harindranath Ramaswami , Gómez-Cruz Edgar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this article we want to question the adequacy of existing concepts and frameworks for understanding experiences with digital technologies in the Global South. First, we describe how concepts acquire value, positioning them within geographical, epistemic, and political realities. Second, we ask about the pertinence of these concepts in describing subaltern practices in the digital world. Third, we identify an urgent need to go beyond digital-centric research, to be attentive to the broader epidigital context from the perspective of marginalized populations. We conclude with a call to move beyond the topicalization of theories by developing new empirical and conceptual work that can represent the lived experiences of the digital subalterns, and thereby commence addressing gaps in existing epistemes.
States as Masters of (Investment) Treaties: The Rise of Joint Interpretative Statements
Authors: Clover Alcolea Lucas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Joint Interpretative Statements have grown in popularity in recent years as a tool States can use to authoritatively interpret, or reinterpret, investment treaties with the seminal case being NAFTA but provisions for making them have been included in numerous investment treaties and India, Colombia, France, Mauritius, and the EU member States themselves have recently entered into joint interpretative statements. The CETA Joint Committee would also appear to be close to issuing its first “decision” which, in effect, is a joint interpretative statement. Despite this growth, in general, investment tribunals are ill-equipped to apply such statements and, as case studies analyzed in the article show, often commit serious errors when deciding cases involving them. These errors include not applying the relevant articles of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), failing to consider decisions by international tribunals, including the ICJ, regarding joint interpretative statements, and ignoring “the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists” with respect to such statements. These failings risk undermining States’ legitimate use of joint interpretative statements, as well as eroding the legitimacy of the ISDS system as a whole, due to repeated misinterpretations and misstatements of the applicable law. This paper aims to respond to the crisis by firstly setting out the relevant international law principles, with these being found primarily in the VCLT, secondly outlining when and how tribunals, and on occasion State courts, have fallen short in their analysis of said principles, and thirdly outlining various possible “futures” for joint interpretative statements, as well as suggesting means by which States might ensure that they are properly applied.
Association between walking speed early after admission and all-cause death and/or re-admission in patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Nozaki Kohei , Hamazaki Nobuaki , Kamiya Kentaro , Uchida Shota , Noda Takumi , Ueno Kensuke , Hotta Kazuki , Maekawa Emi , Matsunaga Atsuhiko , Yamaoka-Tojo Minako , Ako Junya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aims
Patients with heart failure (HF) frequently experience decreased physical function, including walking speed. Slower walking speed is associated with poorer prognosis. However, most of these reports focused on patients with stable HF, and the relationship between walking speed in acute phase and clinical outcomes is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between walking speed early after admission and clinical events in patients with acute decompensated HF (ADHF).

Methods and results
We reviewed consecutive 1391 patients admitted due to ADHF. We measured walking speed the first time to walk on the ward more than 10 m after admission, and the speed within 4 days after admission was included in this study. The primary outcome was combined events (all-cause death and/or re-admission due to HF). The follow-up period was up to 1 year from the discharge. The study population had a median age of 74 years [interquartile range (IQR): 65–80 years], and 35.9% of patients were females. The median walking speed was 0.70 m/s (IQR: 0.54–0.88 m/s). Combined events occurred in 429 (30.8%) patients. Faster walking speed was independently associated with lower rate of combined events (adjusted hazard ratio per 0.1 m/s increasing: 0.951, 95% confidence interval: 0.912–0.992).

Conclusion
Faster walking speed within 4 days after admission was associated with favourable clinical outcomes in patients with ADHF. The results suggest that measuring walking speed in acute phase is useful for earlier risk stratification.
Changes in alcohol consumption habits and risk of atrial fibrillation: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Lee Jae-woo , Roh Seung-Young , Yoon Woong-Su , Kim Jinseob , Jo Eunseo , Bae Dae-Hwan , Kim Min , Lee Ju-Hee , Kim Sang Min , Choi Woong Gil , Bae Jang-Whan , Hwang Kyung-Kuk , Kim Dong-Woon , Cho Myeong-Chan , Kim Ye-Seul , Kim Yonghwan , You Hyo-Sun , Kang Hee-Taik , Lee Dae-In 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aims
Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the association between habitual changes in heavy habitual drinkers and incident AF remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether absolute abstinence or reduced drinking decreases incident AF in heavy habitual drinkers.

Methods and results
Atrial fibrillation-free participants with heavy alcohol consumption registered in the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2005 and 2008 were enrolled. Habitual changes in alcohol consumption between 2009 and 2012 were classified as sustained heavy drinking, reduced drinking, and absolute abstinence. The primary outcome measure was new-onset AF during the follow-up. To minimize the effect of confounding variables on outcome events, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis was performed. Overall, 19 425 participants were evaluated. The absolute abstinence group showed a 63% lower incidence of AF (IPTW hazard ratio: 0.379, 95% confidence interval: 0.169–0.853) than did the sustained heavy drinking group. Subgroup analysis identified that abstinence significantly reduced incident AF in participants with normal body mass index and without hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, heart failure, stroke, chronic kidney disease, or coronary artery disease (all P-value &lt;0.05). There was no statistical difference in incident AF in participants with reduced drinking compared with sustained heavy alcohol group.

Conclusion
Absolute abstinence could reduce the incidence of AF in heavy alcohol drinkers. Comprehensive clinical measures and public health policies are warranted to motivate alcohol abstinence in heavy drinkers.
Il Nuovo Canzoniere Italiano: The Songbook of 1968 in Italy
Authors: Love Rachel E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article examines how the Nuovo Canzoniere Italiano (NCI) – a leftist collective founded in Milan in 1962 by Gianni Bosio and Roberto Leydi – used their journal to theorize oral cultures as instruments of class consciousness. By doing so, they contributed to the political movements of the 1960s in Italy. The NCI worked to construct a culture of protest through recorded albums, live performances and field research into oral practices. Despite their prominence as the ‘music of 1968’ in Italy, the NCI first came together as a journal. The ten issues of the group’s journal, Il Nuovo Canzoniere Italiano, published between 1962 and 1968, provided materialist and ethnomusicological analysis of oral cultures, as well as the repertoires of rural singers like Giovanna Daffini, and nourished the work of young songwriters. I argue that this journal fostered new militant approaches to culture, documented the artistic vitality of the labouring classes and helped foment the revolutionary sentiments of 1968.
Spatiotemporal pattern and influencing factors of regional carbon emission efficiency: an empirical analysis of Jiangsu Province in China
Authors: Lv Tiangui , Zhao Qiao , Zhang Xinmin , Hu Han , Geng Can 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Jiangsu Province is not only a large province in terms of carbon emissions but also a pioneer in pursuing the goal of carbon neutrality. Improving carbon emission efficiency (CEE) is the key to lowering carbon emissions. Therefore, exploring CEE is of significance for balancing economic growth and successfully cutting carbon emissions. Based on the measurement of CEE in Jiangsu Province from 2008 to 2020, this paper explores its spatiotemporal pattern and influencing factors to propose corresponding policies. The results are as follows. (1) From 2008 to 2020, the CEE of Jiangsu Province exhibited a fluctuating increase, reaching 0.894 in 2020. The temporal variation trend of CEE in each region is consistent, whereas CEE in southern Jiangsu is greater. (2) The regional differences in CEE are evident. The low-high (LH) agglomeration region is mainly in northern Jiangsu, whereas the high-low (HL) agglomeration area is mainly in southern Jiangsu. (3) Technological progress is the primary way to raise CEE in Jiangsu Province, and the contribution of technical efficiency is relatively small. (4) The primary factors that promote CEE are economic growth and green technology progress, but environmental protection has an adverse effect. Therefore, all cities in Jiangsu Province should formulate carbon emission reduction policies that are in line with their development and provide a successful reference for regional green and low-carbon development and global climate governance.
Nutritional and Schooling Impact of a Social Protection Program in Ethiopia: A Retrospective Analysis of Childhood Exposure
Authors: Mendola Mariapia , Negasi Mengesha Yayo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of a large-scale Ethiopian government social protection program on long-term anthropometric measures of nutrition status, education attainment and enrollment delay. Our research design uses unique administrative data on the program's regional coverage and combines differences in the intensity of the program across regions with differences across cohorts induced by the timing of the program. Our findings show that exposure to the program in early childhood leads to better nutrition status and, hence, higher human capital accumulation. The results are robust to different measures for program intensity and different estimation samples, empirical models and placebo tests.
Grooming and Child Sexual Abuse in Organizational Settings—an Expanded Role for International Human Rights Law
Authors: Kaviani Johnson Afrooz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on child sexual abuse in organizational settings, with a particular emphasis on ‘grooming’. While grooming is often associated with online behaviour, its origins predate the digital age. Consequently, this article challenges the misconception of solely linking grooming to online platforms and highlights its broader recognition. The article aims to explore how international human rights law addresses grooming and how the framework can be enhanced to effectively combat grooming and protect children from sexual abuse in organizational settings. First, the article discusses sexual grooming, including in organizational contexts, drawing from scientific and theoretical literature, case reviews, and government inquiries. It then analyses international and regional human rights laws, along with guidance from treaty-based human rights mechanisms, to outline existing standards on child sexual abuse and grooming. The article examines examples of domestic legislation and proposes an expanded role for international human rights law. By situating the issue within human rights discourse and emphasizing children as having rights and agency, the article challenges prevailing paradigms of child safeguarding research and practice that prioritize risk aversion and compliance (Powell et al. 2020). The article urges practitioners to advocate for more comprehensive approaches at local and global levels. The human rights system provides additional avenues for advocates to drive change, fostering greater State and organizational accountability and ensuring every child’s right to be free from sexual abuse.
Standard Involvement Is Not Enough: A Mixed Method Study of Enablers and Barriers in Research Meetings with Forced Migrants
Authors: Inge Elin , Sarkadi Anna , Tökés Antónia , Warner Georgina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Although participatory approaches in health research are increasingly used, critical voices are being raised around lack of diversity among the public contributors involved. This article explores enabling and hindering factors in participatory meetings with forced migrants involved as public contributors in health research, using a convergent parallel mixed methods design including behavioural observations and questionnaires, with the aim of contributing to practices of meaningful and inclusive involvement in research. Our findings indicated that relationship-building and adapting to team development over time were key. Additionally, researcher responsivity and transparency enabled relevant contributions, but few decisions were taken. Although linguistic barriers existed and were rated higher by the researchers, engaging interpreters as co-facilitators of the meetings enabled nuanced discussions. In addition to following PPI recommendations, involving public contributors with experience of forced migration requires considering relationship-focused factors; inclusive communication, relationships and trust, and process-focused factors: where and how decisions are taken.