bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOX17 is a Critical Factor in Maintaining Endothelial Function in Pulmonary Hypertension by an Exosome‐Mediated Autocrine Manner
Authors: Zou Xiaozhou , Liu Ting , Huang Zhongjie , Zhou Wei , Yuan Mengnan , Zhao Hongying , Pan Zongfu , Chen Pengcheng , Shao Yanfei , Hu Xiaoping , Zhang Su , Zheng Shuilian , Zhang Yiwen , Huang Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEndothelial dysfunction is considered a predominant driver for pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). SOX17, a key regulator of vascular homoeostasis, has been found to harbor mutations in PH patients, which are associated with PH susceptibility. Here, this study explores whether SOX17 mediates the autocrine activity of pulmonary artery ECs to maintain endothelial function and vascular homeostasis in PH and its underlying mechanism. It is found that SOX17 expression is downregulated in the endothelium of remodeled pulmonary arteries in IPH patients and SU5416/hypoxia (Su/hypo)‐induced PH mice as well as dysfunctional HPAECs. Endothelial knockdown of SOX17 accelerates the progression of Su/hypo‐induced PH in mice. SOX17 overexpression in the pulmonary endothelium of mice attenuates Su/hypo‐induced PH. SOX17‐associated exosomes block the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation of HPAECs, preventing pulmonary arterial remodeling and Su/hypo‐induced PH. Mechanistic analyses demonstrates that overexpressing SOX17 promotes the exosome‐mediated release of miR‐224‐5p and miR‐361‐3p, which are internalized by injured HPAECs in an autocrine manner, ultimately repressing the upregulation of NR4A3 and PCSK9 genes and improving endothelial function. These results suggest that SOX17 is a key gene in maintaining endothelial function and vascular homeostasis in PH through regulating exosomal miRNAs in an autocrine manner.
Cycling Performance and Mechanistic Insights of Ferricyanide Electrolytes in Alkaline Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Hu Maowei , Wang Abigail P. , Luo Jian , Wei Qianshun , Liu T. Leo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFerrocyanide, such as K4[Fe(CN)6], is one of the most popular cathode electrolyte (catholyte) materials in redox flow batteries. However, its chemical stability in alkaline redox flow batteries is debated. Mechanistic understandings at the molecular level are necessary to elucidate the cycling stability of K4[Fe(CN)6] and its oxidized state (K3[Fe(CN)6]) based electrolytes and guide their proper use in flow batteries for energy storage. Herein, a suite of battery tests and spectroscopic studies are presented to understand the chemical stability of K4[Fe(CN)6] and its charged state, K3[Fe(CN)6], at a variety of conditions. In a strong alkaline solution (pH 14), it is found that the balanced K4[Fe(CN)6]/K3[Fe(CN)6] half‐cell experiences a fast capacity decay under dark conditions. The studies reveal that the chemical reduction of K3[Fe(CN)6] by a graphite electrode leads to the charge imbalance in the half‐cell cycling and is the major cause of the observed capacity decay. In addition, at pH 14, K3[Fe(CN)6] undergoes a slow CN‐/OH‐ exchange reaction. The dissociated CN‐ ligand can chemically reduce K3[Fe(CN)6] to K4[Fe(CN)6] and it is converted to cyanate (OCN‐) and further, decomposes into CO32‐ and NH3. Ultimately, the irreversible chemical conversion of CN‐ to OCN‐ leads to the irreversible decomposition of K4/K3[Fe(CN)6] at pH 14.
Prevalence and descriptive epidemiology of Turner syndrome in the United States, 2000–2017: A report from the National Birth Defects Prevention Network
Authors: Martin‐Giacalone Bailey A. , Lin Angela E. , Rasmussen Sonja A. , Kirby Russell S. , Nestoridi Eirini , Liberman Rebecca F. , Agopian A. J. , Carey John C. , Cragan Janet D. , Forestieri Nina , Leedom Vinita , Boyce Aubree , Nembhard Wendy N. , Piccardi Monika , Sandidge Theresa , Shan Xiaoyi , Shumate Charles J. , Stallings Erin B. , Stevenson Roger , Lupo Philip J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe lack of United States population‐based data on Turner syndrome limits assessments of prevalence and associated characteristics for this sex chromosome abnormality. Therefore, we collated 2000–2017 data from seven birth defects surveillance programs within the National Birth Defects Prevention Network. We estimated the prevalence of karyotype‐confirmed Turner syndrome diagnosed within the first year of life. We also calculated the proportion of cases with commonly ascertained birth defects, assessed associations with maternal and infant characteristics using prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and estimated survival probability. The prevalence of Turner syndrome of any pregnancy outcome was 3.2 per 10,000 female live births (95% CI = 3.0–3.3, program range: 1.0–10.4), and 1.9 for live birth and stillbirth (≥20 weeks gestation) cases (95% CI = 1.8–2.1, program range: 0.2–3.9). Prevalence was lowest among cases born to non‐Hispanic Black women compared to non‐Hispanic White women (PR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.4–0.6). Coarctation of the aorta was the most common defect (11.6% of cases), and across the cohort, individuals without hypoplastic left heart had a five‐year survival probability of 94.6%. The findings from this population‐based study may inform surveillance practices, prenatal counseling, and diagnosis. We also identified racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence, an observation that warrants further investigation.
Golden‐bellied mangabeys (Cercocebus chrysogaster) exhibit a larger home range and longer travel distances than those of bonobos (Pan paniscus) at LuiKotale, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: McLester Edward , Fruth Barbara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrimate ranging behavior is associated with numerous social and ecological correlates. Interspecific comparisons of ranging behavior can therefore provide insight into the socio‐ecological conditions that characterize a species' niche within its community. We provide the first description of ranging behavior in golden‐bellied mangabeys (Cercocebus chrysogaster), using sympatric bonobos (Pan paniscus) as a comparison. Over 6 months, we recorded GPS tracks at 1‐ and 5‐min intervals from one habituated golden‐bellied mangabey group and two habituated bonobo communities at LuiKotale, central Democratic Republic of the Congo. We compared estimates of home range size, time spent at different elevations, and hourly travel distances between species. We modeled daily travel distances against total monthly rainfall to investigate seasonal variation in daily ranging. The golden‐bellied mangabey home range was similarly sized or larger than each of the two bonobo communities at LuiKotale across estimation methods. Mangabeys visited more of their range per day and spent more time in terra firma forest and less time in swamps than bonobos. Mangabeys traveled significantly farther per day and during midday hours than bonobos, but travel distances did not relate to monthly rainfall in either species. Golden‐bellied mangabeys exhibited wide daily ranging behavior that more closely resembled that of sympatric bonobos than other Cercocebus species. Large homes ranges in mangabeys are likely influenced by food availability in terra firma forest, especially as groups appear to travel long distances between fruit trees and terrestrial food patches. Maximizing daytime activity may help mangabeys avoid competition from heterospecifics and indicates temporal niche partitioning in this primate community.
Expert elicitation of risk factors for progression to dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Wang Meng , Sajobi Tolulope T. , Hogan David B. , Ganesh Aravind , Seitz Dallas P. , Chekouo Thierry , Forkert Nils D. , Borrie Michael J. , Camicioli Richard , Hsiung Ging‐Yuek Robin , Masellis Mario , Moorhouse Paige , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Ismail Zahinoor , Smith Eric E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study assesses experts’ beliefs about important predictors of developing dementia in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsStructured expert elicitation, a methodology to quantify expert knowledge, was used to elicit the most important risk factors for developing dementia. We recruited 11 experts (6 neurologists, 3 geriatricians, and 2 psychiatrists). Ten experts fully participated in introductory meetings, two rounds of surveys, and discussion meetings. The data from these ten experts were utilized for this study.ResultsThe expert elicitation identified age, CSF analysis, fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) findings, hippocampal atrophy, MoCA (or MMSE) score, parkinsonism, apathy, psychosis, informant report of cognitive symptoms, and global atrophy as the ten most important predictors of progressing to dementia in persons with MCI.DiscussionSeveral dementia predictors are not routinely collected in existing registries, observational studies, or usual care. This might partially explain the low uptake of existing published dementia risk scores in clinical practice.
Demand–supply balance of disaster medical care in Osaka City based on damage estimation for a Nankai Trough megathrust earthquake: A geographic information system‐based analysis
Authors: Yamamoto Hiromasa , Kimura Yoshinari , Uchida Kenichiro , Nishimura Tetsuro , Mizobata Yasumitsu 
Published: March 2023

AimStudies have not fully examined whether the medical care system would be able to manage the high number of casualties due to a Nankai Trough earthquake, whose probability of recurrence in the next 30 years is ~70%. This study assessed the demand–supply balance of the disaster medical care system in Osaka city by integrating the data on damage estimation and disaster coping hospitals using a geographic information system.MethodsWe obtained data on the distribution of casualties in two cases, high and low rates of evacuation from the tsunami, and available beds in Osaka city calculated from operating data of each disaster coping hospital. We expanded these data on a geographic information system and investigated the balance of medical care.ResultsThe total number of available beds in the disaster medical care facilities was 5,559, and the shortage with evacuation rates being either low or high, would be 47,631 and 1,487, respectively. With a low evacuation rate, bed shortage is a common occurrence in coastal areas. With a high evacuation rate, bed shortage decreases, and problems with medical care arise in the eastern area of Osaka city.DiscussionIn the case of a low evacuation rate, greater bed shortage was found along the coast of Osaka Bay where the probabilities of flooding are high. In the case of a high evacuation rate, however, the number of casualties was much lower. A shortage of medical care did not occur along the coast, but in the eastern part of Osaka city.
Successfully treated case of severe hypothermia secondary to myxedema coma
Authors: Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Hongo Takashi , Nojima Tsuyoshi , Obara Takafumi , Kosaki Yoshinori , Ageta Kohei , Tsukahara Kohei , Yumoto Tetsuya , Nakao Atsunori , Naito Hiromichi 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundMyxedema coma is an extremely rare but fatal endocrine emergency that requires urgent recognition and treatment. We describe a case of severe hypothermia that rapidly deteriorated to cardiac arrest that was attributed to myxedema coma.Case PresentationA 52‐year‐old man without a history of hypothyroidism was transferred to our emergency department due to coma and profound hypothermia. The patient developed cardiac arrest immediately after hospital arrival but return of spontaneous circulation was achieved shortly after resuscitation. The patient was noted to have generalized, nonpitting edema, dry skin, severe respiratory acidosis, hyponatremia, and elevated creatinine kinase, which was indicative of hypothyroidism. Myxedema coma was confirmed by a thyroid profile. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous levothyroxine and glucocorticoid.ConclusionAlthough myxedema coma is a rare cause of severe hypothermia, emergency physicians should be familiar with its clinical features and management.
Toward Complete Transformation of Sodium Polysulfides by Regulating the Second‐Shell Coordinating Environment of Atomically Dispersed Fe
Authors: Bai Ruilin , Lin Qiaosong , Li Xinyu , Ling Fangxin , Wang Huijuan , Tan Sha , Hu Lingxiang , Ma Mingze , Wu Xiaojun , Shao Yu , Rui Xianhong , Hu Enyuan , Yao Yu , Yu Yan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRoom temperature sodium‐sulfur (RT Na‐S) batteries are highly competitive as potential energy storage devices. Nevertheless, their actually achieved reversible capacities are far below the theoretical value due to incomplete transformation of polysulfides. Herein, atomically dispersed Fe‐N/S active center by regulating the second‐shell coordinating environment of Fe single atom is proposed. The Fe−N4S2 coordination structure with enhanced local electronic concentration around the Fermi level is revealed via synchrotron radiation X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and theoretical calculations, which can not only significantly promote the transformation kinetics of polysulfides, but induce uniform Na deposition for dendrite‐free Na anode. As a result, the obtained S cathode delivers a high initial reversible capacity of 1590 mAh g−1, nearly the theoretical value. This work opens up a new avenue to facilitate the complete transformation of polysulfides for RT Na‐S batteries.
Bimodal high solids content latices using RAFT‐mediated polymerization‐induced self‐assembly and semi‐batch emulsion polymerization
Authors: Neves Juliete S. , Assis Paulo H. C. , Machado Fabricio , D'Agosto Franck , Lansalot Muriel , McKenna Timothy F. L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work focuses on increasing the solids content of water‐based coating materials such as paints, other coatings or adhesives while attempting to reduce the amount of surfactant in the final latex. The synthesis of a latex with a bimodal particle size distribution was carried out by combining RAFT and classical emulsion polymerization processes. By employing the RAFT polymerization, the population of small particles was created by self‐ordering the block copolymer chains, consisting of a hydrophilic block based on methacrylic acid or sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate and another hydrophobic block based on styrene. The final latex was made by adding a pre‐emulsion prepared from the latex of small particles and a mixture of monomers and surfactants to the latex of large particles made via conventional emulsion polymerization. The final bimodal latex thus obtained had a solids content of 65% mass with a viscosity value of around 2.0 Pa.s at a shear rate of 20 s−1.
Biocatalytic synthesis of 2′‐deoxynucleotide 5′‐triphosphates from bacterial genomic DNA: Proof of principle
Authors: Bird Anna R. , Molloy Jennifer C. , Hall Elizabeth A. H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract2′‐deoxynucleoside 5′‐triphosphates (dNTPs) are the building blocks of DNA and are key reagents which are incorporated by polymerase enzymes during nucleic acid amplification techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These techniques are of high importance, not only in molecular biology research, but also in molecular diagnostics. dNTPs are generally produced by a bottom‐up technique which relies on synthesis or isolation of purified small molecules like deoxynucleosides. However, the disproportionately high cost of dNTPs in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) and the requirement for cold chain storage during international shipping makes an adequate supply of these molecules challenging. To reduce supply chain dependency and promote domestic manufacturing in LMICs, a unique top‐down biocatalytic synthesis method is described to produce dNTPs. Readily available bacterial genomic DNA provides a crude source material to generate dNTPs and is extracted directly from Escherichia coli (step 1). Nuclease enzymes are then used to digest the genomic DNA creating monophosphorylated deoxynucleotides (dNMPs) (step 2). Design and recombinant production and characterization of E. coli nucleotide kinases is presented to further phosphorylate the monophosphorylated products to generate dNTPs (step 3). Direct use of the in‐house produced dNTPs in nucleic acid amplification is shown (step 4) and their successful use as reagents in the application of PCR, thereby providing proof of principle for the future development of recombinant nucleases and design of a recombinant solid‐state bioreactor for on‐demand dNTP production.
A case report of insulinoma presenting with seizures and localized on endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: Umer Waseem , Mohammed Ahmed Salah , Khan Adeel Ahmad , Saddique Muhammad Umar , Zahid Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInsulinomas are rare functioning neuroendocrine (NEN) tumors. Up to 10% of insulinomas are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (MEN1). Most of the tumors present with symptomatic hypoglycemia. Several non‐invasive and invasive techniques are used to localize the lesion. We present a case of insulinoma presenting with seizure episodes with negative results on non‐invasive imaging diagnosed and localized with endoscopic ultrasound. A 36‐year‐old male was brought by ambulance to the emergency department with an episode of generalized tonic–clonic seizures. He had been previously healthy and did not have family history of neuro‐endocrine tumors. At the time of the attack, the patient's blood glucose checked via point‐of‐care testing was 28.8 (70–99 mg/dL). He was given IV dextrose. Physical examination after the patient regained consciousness was completely unremarkable. Hypoglycemia workup revealed a normal morning cortisol level of 281 (138–689 nmol/L). Insulin level was 62.4 mcunit/ml (2.36–24.9), and c‐peptide was 8.13 (1.1–4.4 ng/mL) consistent with hyperinsulinemia. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), fluorine‐18‐l‐dihydroxyphenylalanine whole‐body positron emission tomography scan (NM 18F‐DOPA whole‐body PET scan), and gallium Ga 68 dodecanetetraacetic acid (Ga‐68 DOTATATE) scan were normal and did not reveal any pancreatic lesion consistent with insulinoma. Due to high suspicion of insulinoma and negative non‐invasive imaging, an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was performed, which showed a hypoechoic homogenous mass lesion sized 13 × 9 mm in the proximal body/neck of the pancreas. A fine needle biopsy (FNA) via EUS was performed. Histopathology showed a well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor, consistent with Grade 1 insulinoma (T1N0M0). The patient underwent a distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. In cases of high clinical and biochemical suspicion of insulinoma but negative non‐invasive imaging, invasive modalities should be used to localize the culprit lesion.
Periodontal repair for advanced bone loss caused by orthodontic elastic bands: A case report with 7‐year follow‐up and literature review
Authors: Xie Chengjie , Liu Xiaohao , Mei Jie , Liu Yeungyeung , Yu Huimin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 16‐year‐old girl developed severe acute periodontitis involving the maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor caused by elastic bands. Periodontal surgical interventions and orthodontic adjustment achieved good outcomes which were maintained for 7 years. This report demonstrates the criticality of correct diagnosis, early periodontal surgery, and interdisciplinary approach.
Bioactivities of Triazolium‐Based N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Salts
Authors: Song Jia , Zou Juan , Jin Jiamiao , Lv Jie , Mou Chengli , Chi Yonggui Robin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract1,2,4‐Triazolium salts are precursors of N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), which have been extensively used as effective catalysts and ligands for both asymmetric and non‐enantioselective reactions. Nevertheless, they are also a kind of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) that possess amphipathic properties. The unique chemical and physical properties of 1,2,4‐triazolium salts have received significant attention from scientists focusing on the development of novel bioactive molecules as pesticides and medicines. It is timely and meaningful to summarize the bioactivities of 1,2,4‐triazolium salt derivatives against various bacteria, fungi, cancer cells, and other pathogens in the past 30 years. Meanwhile, the structure‐activity relationship (SAR) of 1,2,4‐triazolium salts was also summarized. Finally, our perspective on the future development and applications of triazolium salts as agrichemicals or human drugs is presented.
Nanoscale Probing of the Supramolecular Assembly in a Two‐Component Gel by Near‐Field Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Chevigny Romain , Sitsanidis Efstratios D. , Schirmer Johanna , Hulkko Eero , Myllyperkiö Pasi , Nissinen Maija , Pettersson Mika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe design of soft biomaterials requires a deep understanding of molecular self‐assembly. Here a nanoscale infrared (IR) spectroscopy study of a two‐component supramolecular gel is introduced to assess the system's heterogeneity and supramolecular assembly. In contrast to far‐field IR spectroscopy, near‐field IR spectroscopy revealed differences in the secondary structures of the gelator molecules and non‐covalent interactions at three distinct nano‐locations of the gel network. A β‐sheet arrangement is dominant in single and parallel fibres with a small proportion of an α‐helix present, while the molecular assembly derives from strong hydrogen bonding. However, at the crossing point of two fibres, only the β‐sheet motif is observed, with an intense π–π stacking contribution. Near‐field nanospectroscopy can become a powerful tool for the nanoscale distinction of non‐covalent interactions, while it is expected to advance the existing spectroscopic assessments of supramolecular gels.
A Late‐Stage Aryl C−H Olefination Strategy and Its Application Towards Global Proteome Profiling of Δ8‐Tetrahydrocannabinol
Authors: Lim Ying‐Jie , Tang Guanghui , Ye Zi , Zhang Chong‐Jing , Wu Jie , Yao Shao Q. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDrugs and bioactive natural products exert their pharmacological effects by engaging numerous cellular targets in our body. Identification of these protein targets is essential for understanding the mechanism‐of‐action of these compounds, thus contributing to improved drug design in drug discovery programs. Termed “in situ drug profiling”, a common strategy for studying these bioactive compounds centralized on the covalent capture of protein targets along with a reporter tag to facilitate downstream proteomic analyses. Though highly successful, such reliance on innate electrophilic traps to facilitate covalent capture restricted its applications to covalent acting compounds. Late‐stage C−H functionalization (LSF) may resolve this by substituting biologically inert C−H bonds with desired electrophilic groups. Herein, we demonstrated this concept by arming a diverse range of electron‐rich aromatic drugs and natural products with α,β‐unsaturated esters, via late‐stage C−H olefination with an arylthio‐based carboxylic acid ligand developed by Ibanez and co‐workers. We also showed that covalent probes generated from this LSF approach could be applied for “in situ drug profiling” of Δ8‐THC, as exemplified by the successful target engagement of α‐4 db, a Δ8‐THC‐based probe, to its native target hCB2R. In combination with AfBP 7, a photoaffinity‐based derivative of Δ8‐THC, we identified several novel putative targets that could account for some of the effects in THC consumption. We anticipate our C−H LSF strategy to be widely adopted for future studies of non‐covalent drugs.