bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of prescribing pattern of drugs and compliance to standard treatment guidelines in patients of chronic hepatitis B: a prospective observational study
Authors: Najmi Ahmad , Singhai Abhishek , Kaore Shilpa , Chaurasia Jai Kumar , Khasbage Sameer , Mishra Abhishek , Kushwaha Samidha 
Published: May 2023

Background: Hepatitis B is a major global health problem. Chronic hepatitis B is characterized by hepatic inflammation, necrosis and persistence of HbsAg for at least 6 months. Chronic liver disease is more predictably associated with impaired metabolism of drugs than acute liver dysfunction. Prescribing drugs in patients with chronic hepatitis B is challenging because of concerns that the drug may exacerbate the liver disease. There is also the fear that the altered liver state may change metabolism and excretion of the drug.
Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted involving patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B at the liver clinic outpatient department (OPD) of AIIMS Bhopal. A total of 102 patients with chronic hepatitis B who met the inclusion criteria were recruited in the study.
Results: Out of 102 prescriptions, 492 drugs were prescribed for the 102 patients. Out of 102 patients, 81 patients (81.66%) were on entecavir monotherapy and rest 21 patients (18.34%) were on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) monotherapy. Of the 102-prescription issued, 92.15% (94/102) were compliant and 7.85% (8/102) were noncompliant.
Conclusions: Entecavir was the most common antiviral drug prescribed, followed by tenofovir in patients of chronic hepatitis B. Spironolactone plus torasemide combination was the most common fixed dose combination used among study participants. Liver cirrhosis followed by portal hypertension was the most common complication. Majority of prescriptions were compliant with recommendations for pharmacotherapy and safety guidelines in patients of chronic hepatitis B.
Effectiveness of messaging apps in emergency room-online survey study
Authors: Ghodke Ashok , Gunjotikar Aditya , Vatkar Arvind , Kale Sachin , Yadav Praveen , Mandal Shobhan , Verma Ashmit , Sonali  , Kale Sachiti Sachin 
Published: May 2023

Background: Medical professionals communicate effectively and conveniently using mobile communication applications (Apps). With clinical details being transmitted quickly among multidisciplinary teams, the potential improvements in patient care and education are significant. However, there are also moral and legal concerns with sharing patient data in this manner. This study aimed to quantify and categorize how often medical staff members used communication apps in clinical settings, their role in patient care, their knowledge of and attitudes toward safety, and the main advantages, potential drawbacks, and policy implications.
Methods: A 16-question survey with an anonymous response was distributed to our 1500 bedded hospital's medical staff. The study gathered information on the demographics of the respondents, how they used communication apps in clinical settings, how they felt about such apps, how safe they thought their data was, and why they chose one app over another. The study period was January to March 2023.
Results: From students to consultants, communication apps are widely utilized with WhatsApp being the most popular one. Although all respondents thought these apps were useful for swiftly exchanging information in a clinical context, they were all concerned about the privacy consequences. Overall, 62.5% use WhatsApp in the ER, and 70.8% found that it has helped reduce the communication gap between junior and senior orthopaedic surgeons.
Conclusions: Messaging apps help medical professionals communicate more effectively, but their use poses compliance difficulties, particularly with privacy laws. Hence, a user-friendly design and privacy-compliant must be given top priority when creating apps.
The relationship between the level of subjective control and ego-states in subjects of the educational process
Authors: Tokareva Valentina B. 
Published: May 2023

<span>В статье дано определение понятию «уровень субъективного контроля у обучающихся», а также приведены доводы в поддержку исследования эмоций у субъектов образовательного процесса. Установленные взаимосвязи между уровнем субъективного контроля и </span><span class="highlight" title="Возможно разрыв слова">эго-состояниями</span><span> у студентов очной и заочной форм обучения указывает на разные виды мотивации и цели, которые ставят перед собой обучающиеся.</span>
Effectuation Strategy and Niche Marketing for Competitive Advantage
Authors: Nikmah Farika , Andi Sukma Erlangga , Suwarni Evi , Wahyu Hidayat Candra 
Published: May 2023

This research was conducted on batik craftsmen in East Java, Indonesia. Competitive advantage for batik craftsmen is an effort to upscale by aligning their positions with corporate ones. Strategies that can be taken as an effort to achieve competitive advantage for batik craftsmen are effectuation strategies and niche marketing, where these strategies explore and exploit internal and external resources. Batik craftsmen, with their limitations, must be smart in dealing with their business in order to survive and be successful. The effectuation strategy teaches to maximize the resources you have to minimize the risk of loss. Creativity, innovation is the key to the effectuation strategy. Meanwhile, niche marketing is a strategy to avoid competing in the general market, but to focus on specific markets with consumers with definite demands.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of effectuation strategy and niche marketing on competitive advantage. Research with a quantitative approach, in regression, with data obtained through distributing questionnaires. The research population is batik artisans throughout East Java who are registered in the provincial government database and the sample is calculated using calculator.net.
The results of the study show that there is a positive and significant effect partially between the effectuation strategy on competitive advantage and niche marketing on competitive advantage. While the dominant influence is on niche marketing to competitive advantage. This is because batik is a unique product, so the market is segmented and specialized. So that the niche market is more potential as a market for batik craftsmen.
Аnalysis of preoperative and postoperative electrocardiogram in children with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Authors: Morozov A. A. , Movsesyan R. R. , Afonina Y. G. , Vasichkina E. S. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. TAPVC is a condition that requires diagnosis and surgical treatment in a short period of time. As the result of an absence of the direct connection between pulmonary veins and left atrium, systemic and pulmonary venous return drainage to the right heart with volume and pressure overload. At the same time, left heart preload is depending on atrial septal defect. The hemodynamic features of the TAPVC create conditions for abnormal spread of electric impulses, whereas necessity of surgical reconstruction on the atrial level — reasons for rhythm and conduction disturbance in postoperative period.Aim of the study: detection of specific EKG markers of TAPVC for differential diagnosis of critical conditions in children, analysis of basis preand postoperative EKG to determine EKG pattern in children with TAPVC, registration of EKG changing in early and late postoperative period to define the potential rhythm and conduction disturbance in patients with TAPVC.Materials and methods. The data of biventricular TAPVC patients were reviewed. We estimated characteristic of P, PQ, QRS, QT, rhythm and conduction disturbance and evaluated preand postoperative EKG data, with their comparison in 30 patients. Results. Preoperative EKG (9,3 ± 6,5 days) showed sinus rhythm in all cases, P wave was 62,6 ± 10,6 (40–80) msec, PQ — 104,1 ± 15 (80–160) msec, QRS — 64,3 ± 13,5 (40–100) msec, QT — 253,1 ± 29,5 (210–350) msec, electric axis of the heart — 130,9 ± 44,4 (-70 ± 185). Postoperative rhythm was sinus in 83,3 % cases, atrial ectopic — 13,3 %, AV node rhythm — 3,3 %. The comparison of preand postoperative EKG data showed significant (p < 0,05) difference in P, QT, and electric axis of the heart measurements. In late postoperative period we detected non-pathological differences in P, PQ, QRS, QT compared early posleoperative period, but sinus node dysfunction frequency was high in late postoperative period.Conclusion. There are no specific ECG markers in preoperative TAPVC patients. The standard EKG showed right heart volume and pressure overloud with positive changing of it after surgical correction of TAPVC. The early postoperative EKG did not showed “typical” rhythm and conduction disturbance after surgery at the atrial level, but patients require a long-time dynamic observation after TAPVC surgery because of higy frequency of sinus node dysfunction in late postoperative period.
First results of maintenance of register in electronic form in pediatric patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Fetisova S. G. , Alekseeva D. Yu. , Abdullaev A. N. , Kostareva A. A. , Vershinina T. L. , Vasichkina E. S. 
Published: May 2023

Background. The problem of managing children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) remains relevant due to the high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Registers of patients with HCM contribute to a better understanding of the course of the disease and its outcomes.Objective. To study the structure of CMP with a hypertrophic phenotype, as well as to identify clinical, molecular and genetic features of the course of HCM and outcome in children based on anamnestic, clinical and instrumental data from an electronic database.Design and method/ Currently, the database includes complete information on 80 children from 0 to 18 years of age inclusive with a hypertrophic phenotype of CMP. The study was performed on the basis of the Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Medical Rehabilitation of the V.A. Almazov” of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The database contains the history of the disease and family history, the results of clinical and laboratory-instrumental examination, the results of molecular genetic research. The register is dynamically updated.Results. The mean age of onset of HCM was 1.75 [0.02; 10.00] years. There were more boys than girls — 54 (67.5 %). The main complaints were decreased exercise tolerance in 35 (43.8 %) children and shortness of breath in 30 (37.5%) children. All children had signs of heart failure (HF): 53 (66.3 %) had signs of functional class 2 HF, 26 (32.5 %) — functional class 1 and 1 (1.2 %) — functional class 3. Ventricular arrhythmias were recorded in 23 (29 %) children, unstable ventricular tachycardia in 2 (2.5 %) children. Myocardial fibrosis of the left ventricle according to the results of MRI of the heart was found in 60.7 %. A lethal outcome was registered in 5 % (n = 4) of cases on average at 241 ± 117 days of life. All the deceased had phenocopies of HCM.Conclusion. Maintaining an electronic database of patients with HCM will allow a better understanding of the influence of factors, including genetic ones, on the course, outcomes, and prognosis of the disease in the pediatric population.
Personalized approach in the management of children with cardiorenal syndrome (combined congenital heart and kidney defects)
Authors: Pervunina T. M. , Vasichkina E. S. , Erman M. V. 
Published: May 2023

Today’s personalized medicine represents an integral model for the selection of diagnostic, therapeutic agents and preventive measures that are optimal for a particular individual, taking into account his genetic, physiological, biochemical, psychosocial and other characteristics.The presence of a special relationship between the cardiovascular system and the kidneys are confirmed by a significant difference in mortality from malformations and in the population. The possibility of prenatal diagnosis of malformations sets the task of a special approach to the management of such patients, which can provide a personalized approach.The article presents the experience of a personalized approach to the management of children with cardiorenal syndrome (combined congenital heart and kidney defects).
One-stage correction of epispadia to Macedo in a girl 3 years old
Authors: Kagantsov I. M. , Kondratieva E. A. , Kohreidze N. A. , Komlichenko E. V. , Pervunina T. M. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Epispadias is an extremely rare disease. Epispadias in women is 5–6 times less common than in men. The incidence of female epispadias ranges from 1 in 160,000 to 480,000 live births. Epispadias can be diagnosed by a thorough examination of the genitals. Treatment of epispadias is only surgical, which is quite difficult and requires experience. The literature that discusses female epispadias is very limited. In this article, we would like to report on the surgical treatment of isolated epispadias in a 3-year-old girl at the Almazov National Medical Research Center.Clinical case. A 3-year-old girl presented with the main complaint of urinary incontinence since birth, during the day and at night. Urinary incontinence was not caused by physical activity and was not aggravated by eating/drinking. Physical examination showed that the external genital organs of the patient have underdeveloped labia minora, abnormal urethra, bifurcated clitoris. Laboratory results were within the normal range. Voiding cystourethrography revealed urine leakage during the filling phase. The bladder wall was normal, there was no vesicoureteral reflux. The patient underwent simultaneous surgical interventions, consisting in plastic surgery of the urethra and reconstruction of the bladder neck, plastic surgery of the clitoris and labia minora. There were no intraoperative and postoperative complications. After 1 week and 6 months of observation, the patient achieved urinary retention, the surgical wound healed primarily.Discussion. Epispadias is a rare condition that can vary in severity from mild to severe. Severely, splitting of the entire urethra occurs, involving the bladder neck, causing permanent urinary incontinence in the patient. Cases of epispadias are quite difficult to diagnose. The doctor should dilute the labia majora and carefully conduct a physical examination. The objective goals of the surgical treatment of epispadias are to achieve urinary retention, restore the anatomy, function and cosmetic appearance of the urethra and genitals. One-stage reconstruction is a modern surgical technique used to treat isolated epispadias in women.Conclusion. Epispadias in women is a rare congenital anomaly that is often not detected in childhood. For isolated epispadias in a girl, one-stage surgical correction is currently preferred.
Enteral feeding abilities of neonates with congenital heart diseases underwent cardiac surgery — analysis of opportunities
Authors: Kaplina A. V. , Chugreeva O. N. , Zaretskaya Yu. B. , Treskina N. A. , Pervunina T. M. , Petrova N. A. 
Published: May 2023

Objective: to analyze the factors affecting enteral feeding ability of neonates with congenital heart defects (CHD) who underwent cardiac surgery.Patients and methods. The study included 214 full-term newborns with CHD who underwent cardiac surgery: 63 children with palliative correction of CHD and 151 children with radical correction of CHD. The characteristics of the early postoperative period, the timing of bottle feeding with additional gavage feeding, the achievement of the full volume of bottle feeding, the incidence of breastfeeding after surgery, and the duration of hospitalization were analyzed.Results. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was associated with a longer duration of mechanical ventilation and inotropic therapy after cardiac surgery. Positive correlations (r > 0.6) were revealed between the duration of mechanical ventilation, inotropic therapy, of stay in the intensive care unit and the timing of the bottle feeding ability (including without additional gavage feeding). Newborns with palliative correction were able to feed from bottle significantly later than children with radical correction: there was a higher frequency of supplementary gavage feeding by the time of discharge (15.7 % vs. 1.8 %, p = 0.0016), a longer length of stay in hospital. Children who underwent the Norwood procedure were able to bottle feeding significantly later than newborns after other types of surgery.Conclusion. Newborns with CHD require a personalized approach to enteral feeding, depending on the types of cardiac surgery undergone. Factors influencing the feeding of newborns were the use of CPB, the duration of mechanical ventilation and inotropic therapy after surgery.
Comparing the cost-efficiencies of different methods of evaporation suppression for agricultural reservoirs
Authors: Chapman Arthur 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEvaporation losses from reservoirs can comprise a substantial proportion of their water budgets. Suppression of evaporation has been investigated mostly in terms of efficiencies but far less so in the costs per unit of water saved. Using a Unit Reference Value (URV) calculation, which is similar to a Net Present Value (NPV) levelised cost approach, the unit costs of water delivered by alternative suppression options were compared. The different technical applications were chemical monolayers, shade cloth, and hard and soft floating covers. The components of the calculation include capital, operating, and maintenance costs over a 20-year term for specified water-saving efficiencies and at different discount and evaporation rates. The unit costs of the water saved by each technology were benchmarked against water delivered by a government water supply scheme tariff and desalination. Monolayers have the lowest unit price, but have the lowest efficiency and are highly vulnerable to wind. Shade cloth covers are competitive with desalination but are limited in extent to relatively small areas. Floating hard and soft covers are more expensive, per unit price of water delivered, than desalination, a result of more frequent capital equipment replacement. Current evaporation suppression technologies are likely infeasible, cost-wise, for agricultural use. The URV provides a useful means for comparing the cost-efficiencies of different water-saving approaches.
Stabilization and solidification of metal and organotin contaminated sediment after electrochemical pretreatment
Authors: Norén Anna , Strömvall Ann-Margret , Rauch Sebastien , Andersson-Sköld Yvonne , Modin Oskar , Fedje Karin Karlfeldt 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Stabilization and solidification (S/S) is a technique that enhances the structural properties of the sediment and reduces contaminant mobility, enabling the utilization of dredged contaminated sediment. Further reduction of the contaminants before S/S is, however, desirable to minimize leaching. The metal and organotin content in sediment could be reduced by electrochemical treatment. This is the first study on how electrochemical pretreatment impacts the strength and leaching properties of stabilized sediments.
Methods
Sediment was sampled from a port and was treated by using electrolysis. The removal of metals and organotin was investigated. Both treated and non-treated sediment was stabilized to investigate how electrolysis and also how different salinity and concentrations of organic matter during the curing affected the S/S properties by doing compression tests and leching tests.
Results
The electrolysis resulted in a 22% reduction of tributyltin (TBT) and a 44% reduction of zinc in the sediment. The results showed that the electrolyzed stabilized samples passed the requirements for compression strength and had a reduced surface leaching of zinc. Curing in saline conditions was beneficial for strength development and reducing the leaching of TBT.
Conclusion
Electrolysis reduced the sediment’s TBT and metal content, and the results indicate that pretreatment before stabilization could be beneficial to reduce contaminant leaching and to recover metals from the sediment. This study highlights the importance of investigating if a specific stabilization recipe fulfills the strength and leaching criteria in water similar to the field condition to assure satisfying results once implemented in the field.
Establishment of a sustainable connection between citizens and medical professionals in rural communities: A thematic analysis
Authors: Ohta Ryuichi , Yakabe Toshihiro , Sano Chiaki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
A trustworthy relationship between medical institutions and people is important for effective community care. Dialogue between medical professionals and people has been lost owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. To improve community care, dialogue among rural people regarding mutual help and connections to healthcare is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the health problems caused by social isolation and their solutions in rural contexts through interviews with community workers in rural communities.
Methods
This qualitative study used thematic analysis of community workers in rural communities to investigate the health problems caused by social isolation and their solutions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among participants using purposive sampling. In total, 57 community workers participated in this study.
Results
Through thematic analysis, four themes were identified: social changes due to aging, relational changes in communities, community-specific networking, and connections driving community health. Social changes due to aging that cause social isolation include the dilution of human relationships, lack of diverse generations, and distance to medical care facilities. Relational changes in communities were explained by excessive consideration of privacy, lack of intimacy with one’s surroundings, and hesitance to depend on others. Rural communities have specific networking strategies, such as involvement of people well known in communities, localization of community information, and specific lay care in communities. For the sustainability of rural healthcare, solving social isolation issues through connections driving community health, including respect for community culture, smooth collaboration with healthcare providers, and active engagement of physicians, are demanded.
Conclusions
Challenges to the sustainability of rural communities were caused by the social and relational changes that led to social isolation. Excessive consideration of privacy and lack of intimacy with one’s surroundings caused hesitance to depend on others. Moreover, social and relational changes in rural communities have increased the number and variation of health issues, and previous support systems cannot deal with the present changes. Established community cultures should be respected to ensure the sustainability of rural healthcare. Relationships between rural communities and medical institutions for health promotion must be established, for which friendly and open-minded engagement of physicians is required.