bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Outcome Difference Following Acute Myocardial Infarction between Rural and Urban Patients
Authors: Rahim Mohammed Abdur , Bashiruddin A B K , Mahmud Iqbal , Bhattacharya Debabrata , Awal Anisul , Das Prabir Kumar , Islam Neena , Rouf Md Abdur , Alam Muhammed Syedul 
Published: July 2023

Background: Different factors may influence management, complications and outcome of both rural and urban patients following Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). Aim of the study was to identify the factors influencing outcome following AMI between rural and urban population is lacking in our country.
Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Cardiology, CMCH from June 2018 to May 2019. One hundred and ninety-eight consecutively admitted AMI (STEMI) patients from both urban and rural area were included. Demographic, anthropometric, risk factors, presentation profile, inhospital complications and outcome were recorded and compared between the groups.
Results: Out of 198 patients 23.23% female and 76.23% were male. Mean age was significantly higher in Rural group (55.5±11.6 years) than the Urban (49.3±11.2 years) p value 0.037. Urban patients were more sedentary (68.8% vs. 43.8%, p=0.001) and having higher BMI (>25kg/m2 was 48.8% vs 30.6%, p=0.024). Rural patients presented late after symptom onset (5 hours vs. 13 hours) long distance to travel was mentioned as prime cause of delay by them. Inhospital mortality was higher among rural patients (12.4% and 3.9%; p=0.045). Adverse outcome was associated with increasing age, male sex and poor LV function in urban patients, while in rural patient it was related to lower education level, delayed presentation and poor LV function.
Conclusion: Outcome of AMI differs between rural and urban patients. This finding of different factors influencing outcome in two groups could be used to design specific preventative measures.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 20-24
Long Term Effects of COVID-19 among RT-PCR Positive Bangladeshi Patients
Authors: Islam Neena , Rahim Mohammed Abdur , Das Prabir Kumar , Mostafa Golam , Alam A K M Manzurul 
Published: July 2023

Background: COVID-19 was an unknown disease previously. This pandemic has affected almost all countries of the world and creating a deadly experience to all. It leads to long term squeals among many affected people with consequent loss of productivity and quality of life. This entity is called long COVID syndrome. The objectives of the present study is to find out the long term sequels of COVID-19 patients.
Materials and methods: This was an observational study where a total of 56 patients of COVID-19 were recruited. Demographic data and long term sequelae were recorded from these patients. All the patients were confirmed cases of COVID-19 by RT-PCR. Prior consent from the patients and ethical clearance was taken. Data were analyzed by SPSS-20.
Results: Among 56 cases male was 31(55.4%) and female was 25(44.6%). Male to female ratio was 1.24:1. Age group distribution showed <20 years was 4(7.1%), 21-30 years was 10(17.9%) 31-40 years was 12(21.4%) 41-50 years was 14(25.0%) and 51-60 years was 16(28.6%) Regarding occupation majority were service holder 34(60.7%).Fifty two(92.9%) were from urban areas Among 56 cases 48(85.7%) took treatment at home for COVID-19. Regarding vaccination history 4(7.1%) got no vaccination 18(32.1%) took Astra-Zenaca, 12(21.4%) took Moderna Biotech and 22(39.3%) took Sinovac vaccine. Regarding analysis of postcovid sequelae among 56 cases 25(44.6%) had fatigue, 7(12.5%) had cough, 4(7.1%) had shortness of breath, 12(21.4%) had chest pain or tightness, 22(39.3%) had memory impairment, 8(14.3%) had insomnia, 22(39.6%) had joint pain, 8(14.3%) had muscle pain or headache, 8(14.3%) had palpitation and 16(28.6%) had minor psychiatric illness like,depression or anxiety.
Conclusion: Present study showed post COVID complications among significant number of COVID-19 patients.Thus COVID-19 is not only associated with loss of life but also with long term complications and loss of productivity that needs proper attention.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 30-33
Clinico-epidemiological Study on Self-induced Poisoning Caused by Substances Other than Organophosphorus Compound
Authors: Ara Ismat , Erfan Uddin Rabiul Alam Md , Ghose Aniruddha 
Published: July 2023

Background: Though Organophosphorus Compounds (OPC) are mostly used for self-induced poisoning, non- OPC poisoning cases are increasing day by day. This study was done to describe clinical pattern and outcome of poisoning other than OPC.
Materials and methods: This observational study was conducted in the Medicine Ward of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. Data were collected in structured case record forms. Total 204 patients (n=204) were included in the study after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed with SPSS and expressed as percentage, mean with standard deviation as appropriate.
Results: Out of 204 patients, most were female (60.8%). Most of the patients were young, 56.9% patients were unmarried, 60.8% poisoned patients resided in metropolitan area, most were with low educational level, 57.4% patients came from the middle class socioeconomic group, 82.4% patients were poisoned by a single agent and 17.6% by multiple agents. Offending agents were identified in 96.6% cases. Poisoning by drugs was the highest (47.1%) followed by rat killer poisoning (22.5%) poisoning by non-OPC insecticides (6.9%) corrosive poisoning (6.4%) chemical poisoning (3.9%) and alcohol poisoning (1%). Family disharmony was the underlying cause of self-harm in 47.1% cases, financial constraints in 8.3%, social crisis in 7.8%, failure in love affairs in 6.4% and academic failure in 2.5% patients. 14.7% patients poisoned themselves to gain some benefit by the act of self-harm. 81.4% patients were discharged with advice, 2.9% died.
Conclusion: Burden of Non-OPC poisoning is high. Outcome is not so fatal as OPC, but the problem has to be addressed in large scale.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 34-40
Prevalence of Overweight among the Students of A Selected Urban School
Authors: Zulfiquer Ali A S M 
Published: July 2023

Background: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple index for weight for height that is commonly used to classify overweight and obesity in adults. It is defined as a person’s weight in kilogram divided by the square of his height in meters (kg/m2). To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the students of Bangladesh International School and College, Mohakhali, Dhaka.
Materials and methods : This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2019 to November 2019 among purposively selected 201 students of class VI to X of Bangladesh International School, Mohakhali, Dhaka. Data were collected through face to face interview using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data were checked for quality control and analyzed by computer by using SPSS software version 23.
Results: Mean age of the students was 13.42 ± 0.38 years. Out of 201 respondents 45 from class VI, 41 from class VII, 39 from class VIII, 36 from class IX and 40 students from class X. The highest 20.9% respondents are from 14 years age. Majority (51.2%) respondents were female and rest 48.8% were Male. The overall proportion of overweight among the respondents was found to be 18.4%. Association between overweight and age, sex, class, Occupation of mothers of respondent, monthly family income, frequency of snacks and daily calorie intake, and duration of outdoor games or physical activity were found significant.
Conclusion: In this study it was revealed that the prevalence of overweight among the students of selected school was 18.4%. Boys were more overweight than the girls. Higher percentage of overweight adolescent was found among the affluent families. Adolescent students who took more calorie in daily diet the prevalence of overweight was more in them.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 41-46
Association of Blood Pressure with Overweight in Young Adult Student
Authors: Barua Debjane , Noor Nazia , Begum Momtaz , Akhter Shahin , Barua Shuvramoy , Jafrin Nilima 
Published: July 2023

Background: Obesity and overweight in young adult is rising & its deleterious health hazard is becoming a major threat now a days. It is one of the major public health problems globally. Overweight may cause metabolic and endocrinological changes. If untreated, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, cancer may occur. Hypertension is more common in obese and overweight people. This study aimed to observe the association of blood pressure with overweight in young adult students.
Materials and methods: This case control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Chittagong Medical College, Chattogram. Total 120 students, aged between 18-24 years were included in the study. 60 young adult students with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25- 29.9kg/m2 were included in case group as overweight subject and 60 students of same age with a BMI of 18.5- 24.9kg/m2 were taken as a control group. General physical examination was done, anthropometric measurements- Height, weight, BMI and pulse, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Pulse Pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure were calculated. For statistical analysis unpaired student’s ‘t’ test, chisquare test and correlation coefficient were done by using SPSS for windows version-25.
Results: Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) were significantly high in overweight (Case) students (p<0.001). Frequency of prehypertension was more in overweight group (p<0.001) comparing to normal weight group. Significant positive correlations (p<0.05) were observed among BMI with SBP, DBP and MAP in overweight young adult students.
Conclusion: According to present results it was concluded that apparently healthy overweight young adult students were associated with increased blood pressure than normal weight students.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 47-52
Associated Biochemical Changes and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury in ICU Patients and Impact on Rifle Classes
Authors: Ul Islam Syed Mahtab , Arjumand Marina , Huda Md Nurul , Kamal Rosanna Bintey , Haider MS 
Published: July 2023

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) has an independent impact on outcome, even after correction of all other variables in critically ill patients . AKI in ICU is often associated with different biochemical metabolic derrangements as a result of sepsis and non-renal organ system failure. Adequate informations are essential to develop effective measures to prevent and control morbidity and mortality. This study was done to detect AKI with their associated biochemical abnormalities and outcome among admitted patients in intensive care unit of BSMMU.
Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka, during the period of September 2015 to October 2016. A total of 105 patients who were admitted in the Department of Anesthesia, Analgesia and intensive care medicine, BSMMU were included in this study. Patients who had pre-existing CKD, those on maintenance dialysis, with history of renal transplantation, Feature suggestive of chronic kidney disease were excluded. Baseline data were recorded accordingly. The study population was divided initially into two group (No AKI and AKI) then sub groups into risk, injury, failure and followed up till discharge or death.
Results: Incidence of AKI was 37.14%. Mean increase in Serum creatinine was 64.53%, 132.87% and 375.01% from baseline for risk, injury and failure respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed risk (20%) injury (6.67%) and failure (10.47%). Associated acid base disorder, electrolytes imbalance, hepatic dysfunction, haemotogical disorder and hypoalbuminemia were found statistically significant between two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that associated haematological abnormalities were positively correlated to the development of AKI. But among these no variables showed significant effect on RIFLE class population. Our study revealed overall morality is (53.8%). Mortality was highest in Failure class and most patients from risk class achieved renal recovery.
Conclusion: The incidence of AKI in critically ill patient is high. Associated biochemical changes should be addressed properly to minimize fatality. RIFLE classification for AKI might help in recruitment of patients for predicting prognosis.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 53-58
Role of Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray Combined with Montelukast Sodium in the Treatment of Adenoids Hypertrophy in Children
Authors: Faruquee Mahmud Ullah , Anwar Mostafa Mahfuzul , Khin U Kyaw , Chakma Mitan , Alauddin Sharif Sayed Muhammad , Banerjee Sudhangshu , Biswas Supran 
Published: July 2023

Background: Adenoidectomy is currently considered the treatment of choice for children with severe symptoms caused by Adenoids Hypertrophy (AH). Non-surgical alternative treatment options are considered in less severe cases to avoid the untoward effect of surgery. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mometasone Furoate nasal spray combined with Montelukast Sodium in children with AH.
Materials and methods: This trial included 118 patients aged 3 to 13 years having symptomatic AH from the OPD of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of CMCH from May 2019 to April 2020. They were allocated to either Mometasone Furoate nasal spray combined with Montelukast Sodium (Group A: 59) or Mometasone Furoate nasal spray alone (Group B: 59) randomly for 8 weeks. Outcome measures were changes in the severity of symptoms and changes in the adenoid size from baseline. Out of 118 enrolled children, 109 children completed the study per protocol.
Results: The mean total clinical symptom score before and after treatment in group A was respectively 10.04 (±1.78) and 4.92 (±1.65). In group B the corresponding figures were respectively 9.42 (±1.33) and 5.48 (±1.36). Clinical symptom scores as well as Adenoidalnasopharyngeal ratio dropped significantly in both groups without any statistical significance between two groups with 8 weeks of treatment.
Conclusion: Mometasone Furoate nasal spray with and without oral Montelukast Sodium showed similar efficacy in symptom alleviation and adenoid size reduction without any superiority of combination therapy.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 59-63
Assessment of Neurodevelopmental Status and Risk Factors for Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Late Preterm Infants at 6 Months Corrected Age : An Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Hoq Tanjina , Chowdhury Pranab Kumar , Barua Sanat Kumar , Hasan Syeda Humaida , Biswas Suman , Datta Mitra , Ahmed Farid Uddin 
Published: July 2023

Background: Late Preterm (LP) infants, previously considered low risk, have been identified to be at risk of developmental problems in infancy and early childhood. There is limited information on the outcome of these infants in low and middle income countries. This study was aimed to assess the neurodevelopmental status of LP born neonates and to determine factors associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in a tertiary hospital of Chattogram, Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: In this prospective observational study, 108 LP (34 to <37 completed weeks gestation at birth) infants were enrolled from the Special Care Neonatal Unit (SCANU) Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) from June 2018 to May 2019. Neurodevelopmental assessment was done by Rapid Neurodevelopmental Assessment (RNDA) at 1, 3, and 6 months of Corrected Age (CA).
Results: Of the 108 enrolled children, 30 (27.8%) attended all 3 follow-up, 69 (63.9%) had incomplete follow-up, and 9 (8.3%) died. At final follow-up, out of 30 infants, 25 (83.3%) had no abnormality in all 8 domains of RNDA. Three infants (10.0%) had abnormalities in one domain and 2 (6.7%) had abnormalities in 5 domains. Gross motor abnormality was most common abnormality (13.4%), followed by speech (10.0%), and cognition (6.7%). Small for gestational age was found to be the only independent predictive factor for Neurodevelopmental Abnormality (NDA) in LP infants.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that 16.7% of the LP infants had evidence of neurodevelopmental impairment at 6 months of corrected age. SGA was an important risk factor of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Thus, LP infants in Bangladesh require long-term follow-up to monitor developmental outcome.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 70-74
Male Factor Infertility and Semen Analysis among Infertile Male Subjects
Authors: Hussain Nafeesa Binti , Zinan Aklima Zakaria 
Published: July 2023

Background: The prevalence of infertility in the general population is 15% -20%,of this the male factor is responsible for 20%-40%. Semen analysis is an indispensable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of male partner of infertile couple.Every single couple out of 10 is in search of medical care because of infertility. Men older than 40 years and Women older than 30 years are at an increased risk of infertility. So objective of the present study was to see the different risk factors and sperm count of male infertility.
Materials and methods: Current cross sectional observational study is design to figure out existence, problems and causes, associated with male infertility among 120 male subjects done during two years study period from January 2018 to December 2020 in a Teriarty Medical College and some private chambers of Bangladesh. After consent different health data were recorded and semen analysis was done For this purpose, survey has been conducted at different private hospitals and private chambers were selected for further studies.Semen sample were analyzed by manual method. Ethical clearance was taken from the hospital authorities to conduct the study
Results: Among 120 subjects 76(63.3%) subjects was at age group 31-40 years and 44(36.7%) was at age group 41 50 years. Different occupations of the study subjects revealed 42(35.0%) were banker, 37(30%) were doing business and 41(34.2%) were involved in other services. Regarding different comorbidities, HTN was present in 18(15%), 3(2.5%) had bronchial asthma, 3(2.5% had DM, 3(2.5%) had HTN with DM and 90(75%) had none and 54(45%) were smoker. Sperm analysis revealed 50(41.7%) had asthenozoospermia, 12(10%) had Asthenozoospermia +Teratospermia, 16 (13.3%) had oligopsermia, 17(14.2%) had Oligospermia+ Asthenozoospermia 8(6.7%) had Oligospermia +Teratospermia and 17(14.2%) had teratospermia. Sperm count among the subjects revealed 23(19.2%) had <10 million/ml, 18(15%) had 11-20 million/ml, 18(15%) had 21-30 million/ml, 15(12.5%) had 31-40 million/ml, 9(7.5%) had 41-50 million/ ml, 13(10.8%) had 51-60 million/ml and 24(20%) had >60 million/ml.
Conclusion: It is concluded that male infertility is independent on the age factor but excessive use of tobacco, sedentary life style like Banking , stress or psychological disturbances might provoke issues of infertility.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 75-78
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers in Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Dutta Mukesh Kumar , Barua Bidduth , Rubayat Rahnuma , Nasreen Hasina , Biswas Suman 
Published: July 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic respiratory disease caused by the highly contagious novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV 2). COVID-19 pandemic continues to challenge healthcare services worldwide. Healthcare Workers (HCWs) are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than the general population due to frequent contact with infected individuals. This study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among HCWs towards COVID-19 in some COVID dedicated hospitals of Chattogram, Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at three hospitals (Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram 250 Bed General Hospital, and Bangladesh Institute of Tropical and Infectious Disease) in Chattogram, from January 2021 to August 2021. The study included 393 HCWs (Physicians and nurses) by a non-probability convenient sampling method. An interview administered questionnaire was used to evaluate their knowledge, attitude and practices regarding COVID-19 and their associations with the participants’ characteristics.
Results: Participants were predominantly female (230/393, 58.0%) and physicians (313/393, 77.0%). Almost all had sufficient knowledge (85.8%) and good preventive practice (92.1%) towards COVID-19, however, there was also a rather low level of positive attitude recorded, at 69.0%. Factors associated with KAP were, Knowledge: being a physician and higher education. Attitude: age >40 years, Practice: being a physician.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrated sufficient knowledge and good preventive practice towards COVID-19, however, positive attitude was lower. Therefore, it is an identified requirement to continue with additional education and training strategies to offer a positive viewpoint of the pandemic for all HCWs.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 79-84
Martius Graft Repair of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula: Experience at A Tertiary Care Center in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Nargis , Begum Rokeya , Yasmin Farida , Akhter Shamima , Sultana Nazmin , Sharmin Reshma , Begum Khatija 
Published: July 2023

Background: Vesico-Vaginal Fistula (VVF) is a pathology with severe social repercussions. Resolution of VVF can be achieved through multiple surgical, abdominal or vaginal techniques, which will generally depend on the fistula's characteristics and the surgeon's experience. In this study we describe our experience with vaginal approach to treat VVF using Martius graft repair.
Materials and methods: This prospective observational study included 50 VVF patients operated in the fistula center of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, during the period of January 2013 to December 2014. The success rate and complications of Martius graft repair of VVF.
Results: The leading age group was 26 to 35 years (50.0%) and age range from 16 to 60 years with a mean age of 32.1 (±SD 8.10) years. The majority (72.0%) was from low socioeconomic class and had short stature (64.0%).48% fistula was midvaginal, 28% was juxtracervical and 54% was <2 cm in size and 40% were associated with vaginal stenosis and urethral avulsion. In 36% cases postoperative complication were developed. 82% patients were fully cured, 6% cured with urethral incontinence, 2% cured with vaginal stenosis and in 10% cases surgery was failed.
Conclusions: The vaginal technique for the treatment of VVF reinforced by Martius graft is safe and effective with low rate of complications.
JCMCTA 2021 ; 32 (2) : 85-89