bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Fish Meal Replacement with Composite Mixture of Soybean Protein Hydrolysates and Other Plant Proteins on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Target of Rapamycin Pathway in Largemouth Bass
Authors: Wang Zhenjie , Tao Jiajie , Xie Ruitao , Zhang Yu , Zhang Haitao , Chen Naisong , Li Songlin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of fish meal replacement with a composite mixture of soybean protein hydrolysates and other plant proteins on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and target of rapamycin pathway in Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides. Triplicate groups of Largemouth Bass were fed the diet formulated with 40% (FM40; control), 35% (FM35), 30% (FM30), or 25% (FM25) fish meal for 10 weeks. The results revealed that the best growth performance was achieved in the FM35 group, while a negative effect on growth was observed in the FM25 group. The feed intake of the FM30 and FM25 groups was significantly lower than the other two groups, while no significant difference was observed in feed efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio. No statistical difference was observed in the activity of serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase with the replacement of fish meal. However, the replacement of fish meal with composite plant protein significantly reduced hepatic malondialdehyde content, and a significant improvement in total antioxidant capacity was observed in the FM35 group. Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of amino acid transporter LAT1 was significantly elevated in the FM35 group, while no significant difference was observed in the LAT2 expression among different treatments. No significant difference was observed in the expression of target of rapamycin among treatments. However, the expression of ribosomal protein S6 in the FM35 and FM30 groups was significantly higher than in the other two groups, while the replacement of fish meal significantly decreased the expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 4EBP1. In summary, the composite mixture of soybean protein hydrolysates and other plant proteins can reduce the use of fish meal from 40% to 35%.
Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Giampá Sara Q. C. , Lorenzi‐Filho Geraldo , Drager Luciano F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MS) is a heterogeneous condition associated with increased cardiovascular risk. There is growing evidence from experimental, translational, and clinical investigations that has suggested that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with prevalent and incident components of MS and MS itself. The biological plausibility is supportive, primarily related to one of the main features of OSA, namely intermittent hypoxia: increased sympathetic activation with hemodynamic repercussions, increased hepatic glucose output, insulin resistance through adipose tissue inflammation, pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction, hyperlipidemia through the worsening of fasting lipid profiles, and the reduced clearance of triglyceride‐rich lipoproteins. Although there are multiple related pathways, the clinical evidence relies mainly on cross‐sectional data preventing any causality assumptions. The overlapping presence of visceral obesity or other confounders such as medications challenges the ability to understand the independent contribution of OSA on MS. In this review, we revisit the evidence on how OSA/intermittent hypoxia could mediate adverse effects of MS parameters independent of adiposity. Particular attention is devoted to discussing recent evidence from interventional studies. This review describes the research gaps, the challenges in the field, perspectives, and the need for additional high‐quality data from interventional studies addressing the impact of not only established but promising therapies for OSA/obesity.
Changes in body composition and homeostatic control of resting energy expenditure during dietary weight loss
Authors: Müller Manfred J. , Heymsfield Steven B. , Bosy‐Westphal Anja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdaptive thermogenesis (AT) is the mass‐independent decrease in energy expenditure (EE) in response to caloric restriction and weight loss. AT becomes manifest throughout all periods of weight loss and persists during subsequent weight maintenance. AT occurs in resting and nonresting energy expenditure as ATREE and ATNREE, respectively. ATREE appears in different phases of weight loss, each with likely different mechanisms. By contrast, during weight maintenance after weight loss, ATNREE exceeds ATREE. Some of the mechanisms of AT are known now and others are not. Future studies on AT will need an appropriate conceptual framework within which to design experiments and interpret results.
Safety of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor dose reduction: Mechanistic exploration through physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and a clinical case series
Authors: Hong Eunjin , Li Regina , Shi Alan , Almond Lisa M. , Wang Joshua , Khudari Amin Z. , Haddad Soumar , Sislyan Sarkis , Angelich Marissa , Chung Peter S. , Rao Adupa P. , Beringer Paul M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionElexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) treatment is associated with significant improvement in lung function in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF); however, some patients experience adverse effects (AEs) including hepatotoxicity. One potential strategy is dose reduction in ETI with the goal of maintaining therapeutic efficacy while resolving AEs. We report our experience of dose reduction in individuals who experienced AEs following ETI therapy. We provide mechanistic support for ETI dose reduction by exploring predicted lung exposures and underlying pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics (PK‐PD) relationships.MethodAdults prescribed ETI who underwent dose reduction due to the AEs were included in this case series, and their percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (ppFEV1) and self‐reported respiratory symptoms were collected. The full physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of ETI were developed incorporating physiological information and drug‐dependent parameters. The models were validated against available pharmacokinetic and dose–response relationship data. The models were then used to predict lung concentrations of ETI at steady‐state.ResultsFifteen patients underwent dose reduction in ETI due to AEs. Clinical stability without significant changes in ppFEV1 after dose reduction was observed in all patients. Resolution or improvement of AEs occurred in 13 of the 15 cases. The model‐predicted lung concentrations of reduced dose ETI exceeded the reported half maximal effective concentration (EC50) from measurement of in vitro chloride transport, providing a hypothesis as to why therapeutic efficacy was maintained.ConclusionAlbeit in a small number of patients, this study provides evidence that reduced ETI doses in pwCF who have experienced AEs may be effective. The PBPK models enable exploration of a mechanistic basis for this finding by simulating target tissue concentrations of ETI that can be compared with drug efficacy in vitro.
A Physics‐Aware Deep Learning Model for Energy Localization in Multiscale Shock‐To‐Detonation Simulations of Heterogeneous Energetic Materials
Authors: Nguyen Phong C. H , Nguyen Yen‐Thi , Seshadri Pradeep K. , Choi Joseph B. , Udaykumar H. S , Baek Stephen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPredictive simulations of the shock‐to‐detonation transition (SDT) in heterogeneous energetic materials (EM) are vital to the design and control of their energy release and sensitivity. Due to the complexity of the thermo‐mechanics of EM during the SDT, both macro‐scale response and sub‐grid mesoscale energy localization must be captured accurately. This work proposes an efficient and accurate multiscale framework for SDT simulations of EM. We introduce a new approach for SDT simulation by using deep learning to model the mesoscale energy localization of shock‐initiated EM microstructures. The proposed multiscale modeling framework is divided into two stages. First, a physics‐aware recurrent convolutional neural network (PARC) is used to model the mesoscale energy localization of shock‐initiated heterogeneous EM microstructures. PARC is trained using direct numerical simulations (DNS) of hotspot ignition and growth within microstructures of pressed HMX material subjected to different input shock strengths. After training, PARC is employed to supply hotspot ignition and growth rates for macroscale SDT simulations. We show that PARC can play the role of a surrogate model in a multiscale simulation framework, while drastically reducing the computation cost and providing improved representations of the sub‐grid physics. The proposed multiscale modeling approach will provide a new tool for material scientists in designing high‐performance and safer energetic materials.
Utilization of treatment effect on a surrogate endpoint for planning a study to evaluate treatment effect on a final endpoint
Authors: Quan Hui , Xu Zhixing , Luo Junxiang , Paux Gautier , Cho Meehyung , Chen Xun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo design a phase III study with a final endpoint and calculate the required sample size for the desired probability of success, we need a good estimate of the treatment effect on the endpoint. It is prudent to fully utilize all available information including the historical and phase II information of the treatment as well as external data of the other treatments. It is not uncommon that a phase II study may use a surrogate endpoint as the primary endpoint and has no or limited data for the final endpoint. On the other hand, external information from the other studies for the other treatments on the surrogate and final endpoints may be available to establish a relationship between the treatment effects on the two endpoints. Through this relationship, making full use of the surrogate information may enhance the estimate of the treatment effect on the final endpoint. In this research, we propose a bivariate Bayesian analysis approach to comprehensively deal with the problem. A dynamic borrowing approach is considered to regulate the amount of historical data and surrogate information borrowing based on the level of consistency. A much simpler frequentist method is also discussed. Simulations are conducted to compare the performances of different approaches. An example is used to illustrate the applications of the methods.
New Ligandless C−H Activation Procedure for The Decoration of C‐3 Position of 1H‐Indazole Derivatives
Authors: Guariento Sara , Chesi Mattia , Bellina Fabio , Copelli Diego , Venturi Luca , Bua Emanuela , Moretti Elisa , Ronchi Paolo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArylation of heteroaromatic rings is one of the most important strategy for the chemical space exploration (e. g. applied in medicinal chemistry). In the last two decades C−H activation reactions emerged as powerful and more sustainable synthetic methods for this kind of functionalization if compared to the classical Pd‐catalysed cross‐coupling reactions (e. g. Suzuki, Stille, Negishi, Hiyama). A further step in the direction of greater sustainability has been done developing ligandless C−H activation procedures with higher appeal for industrial application. Among the various N‐based heterocycles exploited in medicinal chemistry, there is no reported ligandless C−H activation for 1H‐indazole core, although its potential pharmaceutical applications. In this work we describe a novel synthetic procedure for the direct arylation/heteroarylation of C‐3 position of 1H‐indazole which was optimized using the Design of Experiment (DoE) (yield up to 72 %) and confirmed a fulfilling robustness among various aryl/heteroaryl and indazole scopes.
Preparation of Dicationic Ionic Liquid Immobilized on Fe3O4@SiO2 and Evaluation of its Catalytic Efficiency in the Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Ebadi Amin , Vadie Sanaz , Shojaei Sanaz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel magnetic supported dicationic ionic liquid namely Fe3O4@SiO2⋅DIL has been prepared, and characterized by various analysis methods such as FT‐IR, TEM, SEM, XRD, EDX, EDX mapping, and TGA. Afterward, catalytic activity of the Fe3O4@SiO2⋅DIL has been examined in alcohols oxidation reaction. The resulting new nanocomposite as a heterogeneous catalyst displayed remarkable activity for the oxidation of various alcohols using H2O2 under mild reaction conditions. Eventually, the as‐prepared Fe3O4@SiO2⋅DIL catalyst was also stable and reused at least five times without losing its catalytic activity and selectivity. Magnetic recoverability of the catalyst, high yields, good compliance with green chemistry protocols and economical are some advantages of the work.
Brønsted Acid Mediated Annulation of α‐Hydroxy Amides with Cycloalkanones: Access to Double Spirocyclic Oxazolidin‐4‐ones
Authors: Laxman Rao Bachu S. V. , Mahesh Masna , Yacovan Avihai , Kumar Pillai Biju 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA Brønsted acid mediated annulation of cyclic α‐hydroxy amides with cycloalkanones provide access to unusual double spirocyclic oxazolidin‐4‐one derivatives. This spirocyclization occurs in one‐pot and the overall process is highly efficient. The annulation reaction does not need metal‐catalyst. No self‐condensation of cycloalkanone occurs under acidic conditions. The synthetic technique is operationally simple and chemoselective. The transformation exhibits broad scope constructing a large array of highly functionalized complex double spirocyclic oxazolidin‐4‐one derivatives in good yields. Notably, all the reactions have been carried out in gram scale.
Double‐Walled NiTeSe–NiSe2 Nanotubes Anode for Stable and High‐Rate Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Han , Wang Ke , Li Mengjun , Wang Yutao , Zhu Zhu , JialeLiang  , Du Zhuzhu , Ai Wei , He Song , Yuan Ruilong , Wang Binwu , He Pan , Wu Jinsong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectrodes made of composites with heterogeneous structure hold great potential for boosting ionic and charge transfer and accelerating electrochemical reaction kinetics. Herein, hierarchical and porous double‐walled NiTeSe–NiSe2 nanotubes are synthesized by a hydrothermal process assisted in situ selenization. Impressively, the nanotubes have abundant pores and multiple active sites, which shorten the ion diffusion length, decrease Na+ diffusion barriers, and increase the capacitance contribution ratio of the material at a high rate. Consequently, the anode shows a satisfactory initial capacity (582.5 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), a high‐rate capability, and long cycling stability (1400 cycles, 398.6 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1, 90.5% capacity retention). Moreover, the sodiation process of NiTeSe–NiSe2 double‐walled nanotubes and underlying mechanism of the enhanced performance are revealed by in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy and theoretical calculations.
Protein‐Precoated Surface of Metal‐Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery
Authors: Oh Jun Yong , Choi Eunshil , Jana Batakrishna , Go Eun Min , Jin Eunji , Jin Seongeon , Lee Jinhyu , Bae Jong‐hoon , Yang Gyeongseok , Kwak Sang Kyu , Choe Wonyoung , Ryu Ja‐Hyoung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetal‐organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles have recently emerged as a promising vehicle for drug delivery with high porosity and feasibility. However, employing a MOF‐based drug delivery system remains a challenge due to the difficulty in controlling interfaces of particles in a biological environment. In this paper, protein corona‐blocked Zr6‐based MOF (PCN‐224) nanoparticles are presented for targeted cancer therapy with high efficiency. The unmodified PCN‐224 surface is precoated with glutathione transferase (GST)‐fused targetable affibody (GST‐Afb) proteins via simple mixing conjugations instead of chemical modifications that can induce the impairment of proteins. GST‐Afb proteins are shown to stably protect the surface of PCN‐224 particles in a specific orientation with GST adsorbed onto the porous surface and the GST‐linked Afb posed outward, minimizing the unwanted interfacial interactions of particles with external biological proteins. The Afb‐directed cell‐specific targeting ability of particles and consequent induction of cell death is demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo by using two kinds of Afb, which targets the surface membrane receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This study provides insight into the way of regulating the protein‐adhesive surface of MOF nanoparticles and designing a more effective MOF‐hosted targeted delivery system.
Lead Vacancy Promotes Sodium Solubility to Achieve Ultra‐High zT in Only Ternary Pb1‐xNaxTe
Authors: Lv Fangling , Zhong Yan , Zhao Xuanwei , An Xiang , Deng Qian , Gan Lin , Lin Liwei , Ang Ran 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChemical doping of sodium is an indispensable means to optimize thermoelectric properties of PbTe materials, while a bottleneck is that an aliovalent atom doping leads to spontaneous intrinsic defects in the PbTe matrix, resulting in low dopant solubility. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the doping efficiency of Na for maximizing optimization. Here, an amazing new insight that the intentionally introduced Pb vacancies can promote Na solubility in ternary Pb1‐xNaxTe is reported. Experimental analysis and theoretical calculations provide new insights into the inherent mechanism of the enhancement of Na solubility. The Pb vacancies and the resultant more dissolved Na not only synergistically optimize the carrier concentration and further facilitate the band convergence, but also induce a large number of dense dislocations in the grains. Consequently, benefiting from the self‐enhancement of Seebeck coefficient and the minimization of lattice thermal conductivity, an 18% growth is obtained for the figure of merit zT in vacancy‐containing Pb0.95Na0.04Te sample, reaching maximum zTmax ≈ 2.0 at 823 K, which achieves an ultra‐high performance in only Na‐doped ternary Pb1‐xNaxTe materials. The strategy utilized here provides a novel route to optimize PbTe materials and represents an important step forward in manipulating thermoelectrics to improve dopant solubility.
Influence of sex in alcohol‐related liver disease: Pre‐clinical and clinical settings
Authors: Bizzaro Debora , Becchetti Chiara , Trapani Silvia , Lavezzo Bruna , Zanetto Alberto , D'Arcangelo Francesca , Merli Manuela , Lapenna Lucia , Invernizzi Federica , Taliani Gloria , Burra Patrizia ,   AISF Special Interest Group on Gender in Hepatology
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlcohol‐related liver disease (ArLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease globally. Traditionally, ArLD was mostly a concern in men rather than in women; however, such a sex gap is rapidly narrowing due to increasing chronic alcohol consumption among women. Female sex is more vulnerable to the harmful effects of alcohol with a higher risk of progression to cirrhosis and development of associated complications. The relative risk of cirrhosis and liver‐related mortality is significantly higher in women than in men. Our review endeavors to summarize the current knowledge on sex differences in alcohol metabolism, pathogenesis of ArLD, disease progression, indication for liver transplant and pharmacological treatments of ArLD, and provide evidence in support of a sex‐specific management of these patients.
Corpus callosal reference ranges: systematic review of methodology of biometric chart construction and measurements obtained
Authors: Corroenne R. , Grevent D. , Kasprian G. , Stirnemann J. , Ville Y. , Mahallati H. , Salomon L. J. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveAdequate reference ranges of size of the corpus callosum (CC) are necessary to improve characterization of CC abnormalities and parental counseling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the methodology used in studies developing references charts for CC biometry.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of studies on fetal CC biometry using a set of predefined quality criteria of study design, statistical analysis and reporting methods. We included observational studies whose primary aim was to create ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging charts for CC size in a normal population of fetuses. Studies were scored against a predefined set of independently agreed methodological criteria, and an overall quality score was given for each study.ResultsTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality scores ranged between 17.4% and 95.7%. The greatest potential for bias was noted for the following items: sample selection and sample‐size calculation, as only 17% of the studies were population‐based and had consecutive or random recruitment of patients and with a justification of the sample size; number of measurements obtained for CC biometry, as only 17% of the studies performed more than one measurement per fetus and per scan; and description of characteristics of the study population, as only 8% of the studies clearly reported a minimum dataset of demographic characteristics.ConclusionsOur review demonstrates substantial heterogeneity in methods and final biometric values of the fetal CC across the evaluated studies. The use of uniform methodology of the highest quality is essential in order to define a ‘short’ CC and provide appropriate parental counseling. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Theranostic applications of multifunctional carbon nanomaterials
Authors: Masoudi Asil Shima , Guerrero Erick Damian , Bugarini Georgina , Cayme Joshua , De Avila Nydia , Garcia Jaime , Hernandez Adrian , Mecado Julia , Madero Yazeneth , Moncayo Frida , Olmos Rosario , Perches David , Roman Jacob , Salcido‐Padilla Diana , Sanchez Efrain , Trejo Christopher , Trevino Paulina , Nurunnabi Md , Narayan Mahesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanobiotechnology is one of the leading research areas in biomedical science, developing rapidly worldwide. Among various types of nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have attracted a great deal of attention from the scientific community, especially with respect to their prospective application in the field of disease diagnosis and therapy. The unique features of these nanomaterials, including favorable size, high surface area, and electrical, structural, optical, and chemical properties, have provided an excellent opportunity for their utilization in theranostic systems. Carbon nanotubes, carbon quantum dots, graphene, and fullerene are the most employed CNMs in biomedical fields. They have been considered safe and efficient for non‐invasive diagnostic techniques such as fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and biosensors. Various functionalized CNMs exhibit a great capacity to improve cell targeting of anticancer drugs. Due to their thermal properties, they have been extensively used in cancer photothermal and photodynamic therapy assisted by laser irradiation and CNMs. CNMs also can cross the blood‐brain barrier and have the potential to treat various brain disorders, for instance, neurodegenerative diseases, by removing amyloid fibrils. This review has summarized and emphasized on biomedical application of CNMs and their recent advances in diagnosis and therapy.