bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute exercise has specific effects on the formation process and pathway of visual perception in healthy young men
Authors: Komiyama Takaaki , Takedomi Hiromasa , Aoyama Chisa , Goya Ryoma , Shimegi Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVisual perception is formed over time through the formation process and visual pathway. Exercise improves visual perception, but it is unclear whether exercise modulates nonspecifically or specifically the formation process and pathway of visual perception. Healthy young men performed the visual detection task in a backward masking paradigm before and during cycling exercise at a mild intensity or rest (control). The task presented gratings of a circular patch (target) and annulus (mask) arranged concentrically as a visual stimulus and asked if the presence and striped pattern (feature) of the target were detected. The relationship between the orientations of the gratings of the target and the mask included iso‐orientation and orthogonal orientation to investigate the orientation selectivity of the masking effect. The masking effect was evaluated by perceptual suppressive index (PSI). Exercise improved feature detection (∆PSI; Exercise: −20.6%, Control: 1.7%) but not presence detection (∆PSI; Exercise: 8.9%, Control: 29.6%) compared to the control condition, and the improving effect resulted from the attenuation of the non‐orientation‐selective (∆PSI; Exercise: −29.0%, Control: 16.8%) but not orientation‐selective masking effect (∆PSI; Exercise: −3.1%, Control: 11.7%). These results suggest that exercise affects the formation process of the perceptual feature of the target stimulus by suppressively modulating the neural networks responsible for the non‐orientation‐selective surround interaction in the subcortical visual pathways, whose effects are inherited by the cortical visual pathways necessary for perceptual image formation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that acute exercise improves visual perception transiently through the modulation of a specific formation process of visual processing.
Experiences of goal planning in Australian community pharmacy settings for people experiencing mental illness: A qualitative study
Authors: Stewart Victoria , McMillan Sara S. , Hu Jie , Collins Jack C. , El‐Den Sarira , O'Reilly Claire , Wheeler Amanda J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPerson‐centred goal planning is increasingly being incorporated into healthcare interventions. People experiencing severe and persistent mental illnesses (SPMIs) have high levels of co‐occurring health conditions, reducing their life expectancy when compared with the general population. As medications are commonly used in the treatment of SPMIs, community pharmacists are well‐placed to support the health and wellbeing of this population.ObjectivesTo examine pharmacists' and service users' experiences of goal planning as a component of a community pharmacy‐based health intervention for people experiencing SPMIs (PharMIbridge intervention).MethodsThis study utilised a qualitative exploratory approach with an interpretive description method. Semistructured interviews were undertaken with community pharmacists (n = 16) and service user participants (n = 26) who had participated in pharmacist support services for people experiencing SPMIs (PharMIbridge intervention).ResultsFour themes relating to goal planning were identified. First, goal planning provided purpose and motivation for participation in the intervention. Planning realistic goals was important but often challenging. Both pharmacists and service users highlighted the relational aspects of goal planning and how strong relationships supported positive behaviour change and outcomes. Finally, individualised and flexible approaches were important aspects of the intervention, ensuring goals were meaningful to service users.ConclusionsThe findings from this study identified positive outcomes from the inclusion of goal‐planning processes in a community pharmacy‐based health intervention. Further research regarding tools, strategies or training that could support future goal‐planning interventions in primary healthcare is needed.Patient or Public ContributionThe PharMIbridge randomised controlled trial research team included lived experience members and was overseen by an expert panel that included members with a lived experience of mental illness and representatives from key organisations. The training provided to pharmacists was co‐designed and co‐delivered by the researchers and lived experience representatives, and pharmacists were supported by lived experience mentors. Service user participants were invited to participate in the interviews through a number of pathways (e.g., at the completion of the intervention, flyers). Those interested were provided with the full study participant information and provided with a $30 gift voucher at the conclusion of the interview.
Understanding starch digestibility of rice: a study in white rice
Authors: Saeva Kanyarin , Srikaeo Khongsak , Sopade Peter A 
Published: July 2023

SummaryIn vitro starch digestibility, chemical, pasting, and gelatinisation properties of 10 uncooked pigmented and non‐pigmented Thai white rice were studied. Differing in amylose and starch contents, the samples were also significantly (P ≤ 0.05) different in pasting and gelatinisation properties, maximum digestible starch (40–53 g/100 g dry starch), and rate of starch digestion (0.028–0.054 min−1). The starch digestograms were adequately described (r2 > 0.63; P ≤ 0.001) by objective logarithm of slope (Sopade Objective Procedure), modified first‐order kinetic, and two‐term exponential and non‐exponential models to be all truly monophasic. The estimated glycaemic index (g/100 g) ranged from 64 and 84, compared to 41–95 for their brown rice forms (International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2022, 57, 6699), highlighting how bran and hull components influence starch digestion of polished and non‐polished rice. This study is foundational to detailedly understand starch digestibility when the rice is further treated.
Effect of an elder abuse and self‐neglect intervention on repeat investigations by adult protective services: RISE project
Authors: Lewis Stuart , Connolly Marie‐Therese , Salvo Erin , Kimball Patricia F. , Rogers Geoff , MacNeil Andie , Burnes David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdult Protective Services (APS) is the primary agency responsible for investigating elder abuse and self‐neglect (EASN) allegations in the United States. The harms of EASN are well established; however, APS lacks a conceptually derived evidenced‐based intervention phase. RISE is a community‐based intervention designed to complement APS that provides enhanced services and a longer intervention phase. The objective of this study was to test whether exposure to the RISE/APS collaboration was associated with reducing the case outcome of recurrence (repeat investigations) compared to usual care APS only services.MethodsA retrospective observational study (n = 1947) of two counties in Maine where RISE was available to provide enhanced services to persons referred from APS. An extended regression endogenous treatment Probit model using APS administrative data was used to predict case recurrence.ResultsBetween July 2019 and October 2021, 154 cases participated in RISE and 1793 received usual APS only services. 49% of cases in RISE had 2 or more prior substantiated allegations versus 6% for those receiving usual APS care, and 46% of cases in RISE had a recurrence during the observation period versus 6% for usual care group. However, after accounting for the non‐random treatment assignment, RISE was associated with a significantly lowered likelihood of recurrence compared to persons receiving usual care provided by APS (probability of recurrence reduced by 0.55 for the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated and 0.26 for the Average Treatment Effect).ConclusionsA reduction in recurrence carries important implications for APS clients, costs, resources, and workflow. It may also serve as a proxy indicating a reduction in revictimization and harm for EASN victims.
Neurobiology of eating behavior, nutrition, and health
Authors: Stover Patrick J. , Field Martha S. , Andermann Mark L. , Bailey Regan L. , Batterham Rachel L. , Cauffman Elizabeth , Frühbeck Gema , Iversen Per O. , Starke‐Reed Pamela , Sternson Scott M. , Vinoy Sophie , Witte A. Veronica , Zuker Charles S. , Angelin Bo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEating behavior and food‐related decision making are among the most complex of the motivated behaviors, and understanding the neurobiology of eating behavior, and its developmental dynamics, is critical to advancing the nutritional sciences and public health. Recent advances from both human and animal studies are revealing that individual capacity to make health‐promoting food decisions varies based on biological and physiological variation in the signaling pathways that regulate the homeostatic, hedonic, and executive functions; past developmental exposures and current life‐stage; the food environment; and complications of chronic disease that reinforce the obese state. Eating rate drives increased calorie intake and represents an important opportunity to lower rates of food consumption and energy intake through product reformulation. Understanding human eating behaviors and nutrition in the context of neuroscience can strengthen the evidence base from which dietary guidelines are derived and can inform policies, practices, and educational programs in a way that increases the likelihood they are adopted and effective for reducing rates of obesity and other diet‐related chronic disease.
Associations between hope and trajectories of critical consciousness among U.S. youth of color
Authors: Suzuki Sara , May Sidney C. , Seider Scott 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examined associations between hope as an internal asset that supports positive youth development, and growth trajectories of three critical consciousness components. Using five waves of data collected over the course of high school (N = 618), we modeled growth trajectories of awareness of inequity (critical reflection), a sense of agency about taking sociopolitical action (critical agency), and behaviors targeting systems of oppression (critical action). Hope was highest among those with high trajectories of critical agency and critical action. Clear associations with hope emerged at the last time point for critical reflection, suggesting that sustained growth in critical reflection is associated with hope. When supporting the critical consciousness development of youth of color, concurrent support for hope may be instrumental.
Cyclic di‐GMP signaling—Where did you come from and where will you go?
Authors: Römling Ute 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMicrobes including bacteria are required to respond to their often continuously changing ecological niches in order to survive. While many signaling molecules are produced as seemingly circumstantial byproducts of common biochemical reactions, there are a few second messenger signaling systems such as the ubiquitous cyclic di‐GMP second messenger system that arise through the synthesis of dedicated multidomain enzymes triggered by multiple diverse external and internal signals. Being one of the most numerous and widespread signaling system in bacteria, cyclic di‐GMP signaling contributes to adjust physiological and metabolic responses in all available ecological niches. Those niches range from deep‐sea and hydrothermal springs to the intracellular environment in human immune cells such as macrophages. This outmost adaptability is possible by the modularity of the cyclic di‐GMP turnover proteins which enables coupling of enzymatic activity to the diversity of sensory domains and the flexibility in cyclic di‐GMP binding sites. Nevertheless, commonly regulated fundamental microbial behavior include biofilm formation, motility, and acute and chronic virulence. The dedicated domains carrying out the enzymatic activity indicate an early evolutionary origin and diversification of “bona fide” second messengers such as cyclic di‐GMP which is estimated to have been present in the last universal common ancestor of archaea and bacteria and maintained in the bacterial kingdom until today. This perspective article addresses aspects of our current view on the cyclic di‐GMP signaling system and points to knowledge gaps that still await answers.
Construction of nursing knowledge in commodified contexts: Views and experiences of nurses regarding primary care
Authors: Martínez‐Rodríguez Ana , Martínez‐Faneca Laura , Fabrellas Núria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe commodification of health care, particularly primary care, presents challenges to care and knowledge development. The purpose of this study is to examine how nurses perceive and develop their knowledge in a commodified context. A mixed‐methods study was conducted that included a closed‐question survey and in‐depth interviews with nurses in public primary care in Catalonia. There were 104 valid responses to the questionnaire and 10 in‐depth interviews. The main findings of the survey were related to workload and limited time for nursing care. Six themes emerged from the in‐depth interviews: (1) limited time for nursing, (2) feelings of burnout, (3) awareness of patient and family satisfaction, (4) organizational factors that favor nurses' needs, (5) organizational factors that hinder nurses' needs, and finally (6) public administration requirements. Participants perceive excessive workload and time constraints and feel that this affects their nursing care and their physical and mental health. However, nurses purposefully use knowledge patterns to cope with the problems associated with commodification. Nurses have multidimensional, contextualized, and integrated knowledge that allows them to optimize their care based on the needs of their patients. This research examines many challenges related to nursing practice and the nursing discipline and opens the door for further research that encompasses all areas of nursing.
Demystifying the Venus flytrap action potential
Authors: Hedrich Rainer , Kreuzer Ines 
Published: July 2023

SummaryAll plants are electrically excitable, but only few are known to fire a well‐defined, all‐or‐nothing action potential (AP). The Venus flytrap Dionaea muscipula displays APs with an extraordinarily high firing frequency and speed, enabling the capture organ of this carnivorous plant to catch small animals as fast as flies. The number of APs triggered by the prey is counted and serves as the basis for decisions within the flytrap's hunting cycle. The archetypical Dionaea AP lasts 1 s and consists of five phases: Starting from the resting state, an initial cytosolic Ca2+ transient is followed by depolarization, repolarization and a transient hyperpolarization (overshoot) before the original membrane potential is finally recovered. When the flytrap matures and becomes excitable, a distinct set of ion channels, pumps and carriers is expressed, each mastering a distinct AP phase.
Delayed development of a huge chest wall hematoma post pacemaker implantation: A case report
Authors: Zhang Wenbo , Pang Jie , Zhou Ying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn 83‐year‐old Chinese man presented with a huge left chest wall hematoma and hemorrhagic shock 4 months after permanent pacemaker implantation. Computed Tomography of Angiogram of the left subclavian artery revealed a pseudoaneurysm. He underwent radiologically guided stenting followed by hematoma clearance. It is rare to have delayed formation of pseudoaneurysm at 4 months post pacemaker implantation. Radiologically guided stenting is the preferred treatment, followed by hematoma clearance. It is strongly advised against blind surgery for wound debridement or bleeding detection. Familiarizing with axillary vein anatomy, improving axillary vein cannulation skills, and detecting early complications of artery injury are key strategies in preventing pseudoaneurysm formation post pacemaker implantation.
Natural variation of warm temperature‐induced raffinose accumulation identifies TREHALOSE‐6‐PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 as a modulator of thermotolerance
Authors: Reichelt Niklas , Korte Arthur , Krischke Markus , Mueller Martin J. , Maag Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh‐temperature stress limits plant growth and reproduction. Exposure to high temperature, however, also elicits a physiological response, which protects plants from the damage evoked by heat. This response involves a partial reconfiguration of the metabolome including the accumulation of the trisaccharide raffinose. In this study, we explored the intraspecific variation of warm temperature‐induced raffinose accumulation as a metabolic marker for temperature responsiveness with the aim to identify genes that contribute to thermotolerance. By combining raffinose measurements in 250 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions following a mild heat treatment with genome‐wide association studies, we identified five genomic regions that were associated with the observed trait variation. Subsequent functional analyses confirmed a causal relationship between TREHALOSE‐6‐PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1) and warm temperature‐dependent raffinose synthesis. Moreover, complementation of the tps1‐1 null mutant with functionally distinct TPS1 isoforms differentially affected carbohydrate metabolism under more severe heat stress. While higher TPS1 activity was associated with reduced endogenous sucrose levels and thermotolerance, disruption of trehalose 6‐phosphate signalling resulted in higher accumulation of transitory starch and sucrose and was associated with enhanced heat resistance. Taken together, our findings suggest a role of trehalose 6‐phosphate in thermotolerance, most likely through its regulatory function in carbon partitioning and sucrose homoeostasis.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation bridge to pediatric lung transplantation: Modern era analysis
Authors: Koh Wonshill , Zang Huaiyu , Ollberding Nicholas J. , Ziady Assem , Hayes Don 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurvival outcomes of children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) at time of lung transplant (LTx) remain unclear.MethodsPediatric first‐time LTx recipients transplanted between January 2000 and December 2020 were identified in the United Network for Organ Sharing Registry to compare post‐transplant survival according to ECMO support at time of transplant. For a comprehensive analysis of the data, univariate analysis, multivariable Cox regression, and propensity score matching were performed.ResultsDuring the study period, 954 children under 18 years of age underwent LTx with 40 patients on ECMO. We did not identify a post‐LTx survival difference between patients receiving ECMO when compared to those that did not. A multivariable Cox regression model (Hazard ratio = 0.83; 95% confidence interval: 0.47, 1.45; p = .51) did not demonstrate an increased risk for death post‐LTx. Lastly, a propensity score matching analysis, retaining 33 ECMO and 33 non‐ECMO patients, further confirmed no post‐LTx survival difference comparing ECMO to no ECMO cohorts (Hazard ratio = 0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.48, 2.00; p = .96).ConclusionsIn this contemporary cohort of children, the use of ECMO at the time of LTx did not negatively impact post‐transplant survival.
White Skin, White Mask: Constructing Whiteness in Thomas Kyd's The Tragedy of Solyman and Perseda
Authors: Moosa Hassana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCriticism in early modern English drama has become increasingly attentive to how the ideologies of racial Whiteness are formed on the English stage. However, this scholarship has not yet considered how White supremacy is dramatically constructed against the male, Muslim, Ottoman, a figure who, I argue, would have been performed as phenotypically white on the English stage. By examining the racialisation of the Ottoman Soliman in Thomas Kyd's late sixteenth‐century play The Tragedy of Solyman and Perseda, this article illustrates how anxieties around the Muslim character's white sameness are negotiated by fashioning the Whiteness, or fairness, of the Greek, Christian Perseda as ‘natural’, while correspondingly framing Soliman's whiteness as ‘artificial’. Kyd renders Soliman's whiteness in this way by drawing on early modern English cosmetic language, customs, and debates. By turning to the male Muslim Ottoman figure, this study extends understandings of how racial Whiteness was shaped in early modern English culture, by illustrating how White supremacy is developed out of a Muslim‐Christian dichotomy and therefore in conjunction with Christian supremacy.
Soliton–mean field interaction in Korteweg–de Vries dispersive hydrodynamics
Authors: Ablowitz Mark J. , Cole Justin T. , El Gennady A. , Hoefer Mark A. , Luo Xu‐Dan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe mathematical description of localized solitons in the presence of large‐scale waves is a fundamental problem in nonlinear science, with applications in fluid dynamics, nonlinear optics, and condensed matter physics. Here, the evolution of a soliton as it interacts with a rarefaction wave or a dispersive shock wave, examples of slowly varying and rapidly oscillating dispersive mean fields, for the Korteweg–de Vries equation is studied. Step boundary conditions give rise to either a rarefaction wave (step up) or a dispersive shock wave (step down). When a soliton interacts with one of these mean fields, it can either transmit through (tunnel) or become embedded (trapped) inside, depending on its initial amplitude and position. A topical review of three separate analytical approaches is undertaken to describe these interactions. First, a basic soliton perturbation theory is introduced that is found to capture the solution dynamics for soliton–rarefaction wave interaction in the small dispersion limit. Next, multiphase Whitham modulation theory and its finite‐gap description are used to describe soliton–rarefaction wave and soliton–dispersive shock wave interactions. Lastly, a spectral description and an exact solution of the initial value problem is obtained through the inverse scattering transform. For transmitted solitons, far‐field asymptotics reveal the soliton phase shift through either type of wave mentioned above. In the trapped case, there is no proper eigenvalue in the spectral description, implying that the evolution does not involve a proper soliton solution. These approaches are consistent, agree with direct numerical simulation, and accurately describe different aspects of solitary wave–mean field interaction.