bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Logistic‐Nomogram model based on red blood cell parameters to differentiate thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anemia in southern region of Fujian Province, China
Authors: Xu Meihong , Lin Guojin , Dong Zhigao , Wang Qingqing , Ma Lili , Su Junnan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDifferentiation between thalassemia trait (TT) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is challenging and costly. This study aimed to construct and evaluate a model based on red blood cell (RBC) parameters to differentiate TT and IDA in the southern region of Fujian Province, China.MethodsRBC parameters of 364 TT patients and 316 IDA patients were reviewed. RBC parameter‐based Logistic‐Nomogram model to differentiate between TT and IDA was constructed by multivariate logistic regression analysis plus nomogram, and then compared with 22 previously reported differential indices.ResultsThe patients were randomly selected to a training cohort (nTT = 248, nIDA = 223) and a validation cohort (nTT = 116, nIDA = 93). In the training cohort, multivariate logistic regression analysis identified RBC count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration (MCHC) as independent parameters associated with TT susceptibility. A nomogram was plotted based on these parameters, and then the RBC parameter‐based Logistic‐Nomogram model g (μy) = 1.92 × RBC count‐0.51 × MCH + 0.14 × MCHC‐39.2 was devised. The area under the curve (AUC) (95% CI) was 0.95 (0.93–0.97); sensitivity and specificity at the best cutoff score (120.24) were 0.93 and 0.89, respectively; the accuracy was 0.91. In the validation cohort, the RBC parameter‐based Logistic‐Nomogram model had AUC (95% CI) of 0.95 (0.91–0.98); sensitivity and specificity were 0.92 and 0.87, respectively; accuracy was 0.90. Moreover, compared with 22 reported differential indices, the RBC parameter‐based Logistic‐Nomogram model showed numerically higher AUC, net reclassification index, and integrated discrimination index (all p < 0.001).ConclusionThe RBC parameter‐based Logistic‐Nomogram model shows high performance in differentiating patients with TT and IDA from the southern region of Fujian Province.
Exploring the differentiation of behavioural and emotional problems across childhood: A prospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Askelund Adrian Dahl , Ask Helga , Ystrom Eivind , Havdahl Alexandra , Hannigan Laurie J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn individual's overall burden of behavioural and emotional problems across childhood is associated with increased likelihood of later mental health conditions. However, the relative extent of behavioural versus emotional problems ‐ that is, the extent to which the domains are differentiated from one another ‐ may provide additional information about who is at risk of developing a mental health condition. Here, we seek to validate differentiation as an independent predictor of later mental health conditions, and to explore its aetiology.MethodsWe analysed data from ~79,000 children in the population‐based Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study, and linked health‐care registries. In preregistered analyses, we modelled the extent and rate of differentiation of behavioural and emotional problems between ages 1.5–5 years, and estimated associations with later symptoms (age 8) and diagnoses (after age 8). We also explored the aetiology of differentiation by estimating associations with early life exposures and, in a subset of 23,945 full siblings, assessing the impact of accounting for unobserved familial confounding.ResultsDifferentiation of behavioural and emotional problems was associated with later symptoms and diagnoses of mental health conditions, independent of total problems. Maternal at‐risk drinking (β = 0.04 [0.02, 0.06]) and parental relationship problems (β = 0.04 [0.02, 0.05]) were associated with higher behavioural relative to emotional problems at age 5. Maternal prenatal distress (|β| = 0.04 [0.03, 0.06]), concurrent distress (|β| = 0.04 [0.02, 0.06]) and parental education (|β| = 0.05 [0.04, 0.07]) predicted higher emotional relative to behavioural problems at age 5. Estimates for maternal prenatal distress and at‐risk drinking were consistent across both unadjusted and adjusted analyses accounting for unobserved familial risk.ConclusionsDifferentiation of behavioural and emotional problems in early childhood represents a valid source of inter‐individual variability linked to the later emergence of psychopathology and may be relevant for early detection and prevention strategies for mental health.
Stromal cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles enhance radioresistance of prostate cancer cells via interleukin‐8‐induced autophagy
Authors: Wang Xiumei , Xu Fan , Kou Hengyuan , Zheng Yawen , Yang Jing , Xu Zhi , Fang Yao , Sun Wenbo , Zhu Shuyi , Jiang Qin , Wei Xiaowei , Xu Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRadiation is a curative treatment for localized prostate cancer (PCa). Unfortunately, radiotherapeutic efficacy is often diminished when patients develop more aggressive or metastatic phenotypes. Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles participate in cancer therapeutic resistance by delivering small bioactive molecules, such as small non‐coding RNAs. Here, we show that stromal cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) facilitate the radioresistance of PCa cells by transporting interleukin‐8 (IL‐8). Indeed, prostatic stromal cells secrete more IL‐8 than AR‐positive PCa cells, which can be accumulated in sEVs. Intriguingly, the uptake of stromal cells‐derived sEVs by radiosensitive PCa cells enhanced their radioresistance, which could be attenuated by silencing CXCL8 in stromal cells or inhibiting its receptor CXCR2 in PCa cells. sEV‐mediated radioresistance has been validated in zebrafish and mouse xenograft tumours. Mechanistically, the uptake of stromal sEVs triggers the AMPK‐activated autophagy pathway in PCa cells under the irradiation condition. Consequently, inactivating AMPK efficiently resensitized radiotherapy either by utilizing an AMPK inhibitor or silencing AMPKα in PCa cells. Furthermore, chloroquine (CQ), a lysosomal inhibitor, sufficiently resensitized radiotherapy via blockade of autophagolysosome fusion, leading to autophagosome accumulation in PC cells. Collectively, these results suggest that stromal cells enhance the radioresistance of PCa cells mainly through sEVs that deliver IL‐8.
Fatal outcome of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and severe and critical COVID‐19 is associated with the hyperproduction of IL‐10 and IL‐6 and the low production of TGF‐β
Authors: Kang Su Yeon , Yoo Jeong Rae , Park Yejin , Kim So‐Hee , Heo Sang Taek , Park Seong Hyeon , Kim Misun , Kim Tae‐Jin , Oh Songhyeok , Lee Moo‐Seung , Kim Jung Mogg , Cho Nam‐Hyuk , Lee Kyung‐Mi , Lee Keun Hwa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) can cause the hyperproduction of inflammatory cytokines, which have pathological effects in patient including severe or fatal cytokine storms. To characterize the effect of SFTSV and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on the production of cytokines in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and COVID‐19 patients, we performed an analysis of cytokines in SFTS and COVID‐19 patients and also investigated the role of interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) in vitro studies: lipopolysaccharide‐induced THP‐1‐derived macrophages, SFTSV infection of THP‐1 cells, and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of THP‐1 cells. In this study, we found that levels of both IL‐10 and IL‐6 were significantly elevated, the level of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) was significantly decreased and IL‐10 was elevated earlier than IL‐6 in severe and critical COVID‐19 and fatal SFTS patients, and inhibition of IL‐10 signaling decreased the production of IL‐6 and elevated that of TGF‐β. Therefore, the hyperproduction of IL‐10 and IL‐6 and the low production of TGF‐β have been linked to cytokine storm‐induced mortality in fatal SFTS and severe and critically ill COVID‐19 patients and that IL‐10 can play an important role in the host immune response to severe and critical SARS‐CoV‐2 and fatal SFTSV infection.
Do quantitative levels of antispike‐IgG antibodies aid in predicting protection from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection? Results from a longitudinal study in a police cohort
Authors: Sendi Parham , Widmer Nadja , Branca Mattia , Thierstein Marc , Büchi Annina Elisabeth , Güntensperger Dominik , Blum Manuel Raphael , Baldan Rossella , Tinguely Caroline , Heg Dik , Theel Elitza S. , Berbari Elie , Tande Aaron J. , Endimiani Andrea , Gowland Peter , Niederhauser Christoph ,   for the PoliCOV‐19 study
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn a COVID‐19 sero‐surveillance cohort study with predominantly healthy and vaccinated individuals, the objectives were (i) to investigate longitudinally the factors associated with the quantitative dynamics of antispike (anti‐S1) IgG antibody levels, (ii) to evaluate whether the levels were associated with protection from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and (iii) to assess whether the association was different in the pre‐Omicron compared with the Omicron period. The QuantiVac Euroimmun ELISA test was used to quantify anti‐S1 IgG levels. The entire study period (16 months), the 11‐month pre‐Omicron period and the cross‐sectional analysis before the Omicron surge included 3219, 2310, and 895 reactive serum samples from 949, 919, and 895 individuals, respectively. Mixed‐effect linear, mixed‐effect time‐to‐event, and logistic regression models were used to achieve the objectives. Age and time since infection or vaccination were the only factors associated with a decline of anti‐S1 IgG levels. Higher antibody levels were significantly associated with protection from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–0.97), and the association was higher during the time period when Omicron was predominantly circulating compared with the ones when Alpha and Delta variants were predominant (adjusted hazard ratio for interaction 0.66, 95% CI 0.53–0.84). In a prediction model, it was estimated that >8000 BAU/mL anti‐S1 IgG was required to reduce the risk of infection with Omicron variants by approximately 20%–30% for 90 days. Though, such high levels were only found in 1.9% of the samples before the Omicron surge, and they were not durable for 3 months. Anti‐S1 IgG antibody levels are statistically associated with protection from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. However, the prediction impact of the antibody level findings on infection protection is limited.
Changes in soil fertility under partial organic substitution of chemical fertilizer: a 33‐year trial
Authors: Gao Jichao , Zhang Xiuzhi , Luo Jiafa , Zhu Ping , Lindsey Stuart , Gao Hongjun , Li Qiang , Peng Chang , Zhang Lei , Xu Lingying , Qiu Weiwen , Jiao Yunfei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study examined the changes in soil fertility in a maize cropping area when chemical fertilizer was partially replaced with straw or livestock manure over a 33‐year period. Four treatments were included: (i) CK (no fertilizer application); (ii) NPK (only chemical fertilizer application); (iii) NPKM (chemical fertilizer partly replaced with livestock manure); (iv) NPKS (chemical fertilizer partly replaced with straw).RESULTSSoil organic carbon increased by 41.7% and 95.5% in the NPKS and NPKM treatments, respectively, over the 33‐year trial compared with the initial concentration. However, soil organic carbon in NPK was significantly reduced by 9.8%. Soil total N, P and K increased in both NPKM and NPKS treatments compared to the original soil. Soil pH was significantly acidified from 7.6 to 5.97 in the NPK treatment during the experimental period. The NPKM and NPKS treatments buffered the acidification compared to NPK. Meta‐analysis results showed that, compared with NPK, NPKM significantly raised soil bacteria and fungi populations by 38.7% and 58.6%; enhanced microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen by 66.3% and 63%, respectively; and increased sucrase, urease and catalase activities by 34.2%, 48.2% and 21.5%. NPKS significantly increased soil fungi and actinomycetes populations by 24.3% and 41.2%, respectively; enhanced microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen by 27.1% and 45%; and strengthened sucrase and urease activities by 36% and 20.3%, respectively.CONCLUSIONLong‐term chemical fertilizer application led to the deterioration of soil fertility and environment. Partial replacement of chemical fertilizers with organic materials could significantly amend and buffer such negative effects. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assessing the sustainable development: A review of multi‐criteria decision analysis for urban and architectural sustainability
Authors: Mecca Beatrice 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSustainable development of cities constitutes nowadays a worldwide goal. Therefore, the related urban and architectural choices must fulfil sustainable objectives. In this context, sustainability assessment presents itself as a key and fundamental element to guide decision‐making processes, orienting choices towards actions that make the built environment more sustainable. Among the several existing assessment tools and methods, multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA) are part of the most widely used approaches to support sustainable decisions. Therefore, this article aims to understand what makes sustainability assessment through MCDA suitable or unsuitable to support decision‐making processes in the context of sustainable urban and architectural design and observe how available MCDA methods support this purpose. To do this, a literature review related to MCDA methods in sustainable urban and architectural context has been performed. Descriptive statistics and tables are provided to point out the main trends according to specific research questions. In this sense, it is intended to highlight some potential gaps and points of reflection for future research developments that can support sustainable urban and architectural development.
California governor proposes to transform MHSA for first time in 20 years
Authors: Canady Valerie A. 
Published: June 2023

California Gov. Gavin Newsom's plans to amend the Mental Health Services Act (MHSA) — the nearly 20‐year landmark law that levies a 1% tax on personal incomes above $1 million to support prevention, early intervention and treatment services for the high‐needs population — has ignited some concerns from the provider and advocacy community that his proposal could limit hard‐earned investments in various programs, including children and youth services.
Half mode rectangular SIW slotted antenna for multiband operations using ANN optimization
Authors: Daniel R. Samson 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA multiband half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) slotted antenna is developed for ISM/WiMAX/WLAN applications. HMSIW technique has been utilized to acquire antenna compactness. Two inverted L‐shaped slots of half wavelength are embedded onto a HMSIW rectangular cavity for attaining a hybrid mode (i.e., Half‐mode of Half‐mode of ), which induces a lower resonance at 2.4 GHz. An inverted L‐shaped slot is influenced to radiate hybrid mode at 2.4 GHz, while the innermost inverted L‐shaped slot radiates modified mode at 3.30 GHz. A multiband is obtained by amalgamation of hybrid mode (at 2.4 GHz), modified mode (at 3.30 GHz) and modified mode (at 5.38 GHz). The radiating modes are elucidated by using mode theory methodology for ascertaining the resonance characteristics of the prototype antenna. The antenna parameters have been optimized by artificial neural network technique using MATLAB. The antenna geometry possesses a shrinkage size of 30 × 16 × 1.6 mm3, which has been designed on FR‐4 substrate. To vindicate the simulated consequence, the fabricated prototype has been tested. It contributes the fractional bandwidth of 6.4% (2.09−2.23 GHz) in the hybrid mode at 2.18 GHz, 9.03% (2.89−3.17 GHz) in the half cavity mode at 3.10 GHz and 9.96% (5.11−5.65 GHz) in the half cavity mode at 5.42 GHz, respectively, which is beneficial for ISM, WiMAX and WLAN band wireless applications.
Efficacy of different types of dressings on pressure injuries: Systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Chunjin , Zhang Shu , Wu Bo , Zou Kang , Chen Hong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the effectiveness of different dressings on pressure injuries and screen the dressings for efficacy.DesignSystematic review and network meta‐analysis.MethodsArticles published from several electronic databases and other resources were selected. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of selected studies.ResultsTwenty‐five studies that contained data on moist dressings (hydrocolloidal dressing, foam dressing, silver ion dressing, biological wound dressing, hydrogel dressing, polymeric membrane dressing) and sterile gauze dressings (traditional gauze dressings) were included. All RCTs were at a medium to high risk of bias. Moist dressings were found to be more advantageous than the traditional dressings. Hydrocolloid dressings [RR = 1.38, 95% CI (1.18, 1.60)] showed a higher cure rate than sterile gauze dressing and foam dressings [RR = 1.37, 95% CI (1.16, 1.61)]. Silver ion dressings [RR = l.37, 95% CI (1.08, 1. 73)] showed a higher cure rate than sterile gauze dressings. Sterile gauze dressing dressings [RR = 0.51, 95% CI (0.44, 0.78)] showed a lower cure rate compared with polymeric membrane dressings; whereas Sterile gauze dressing dressings [RR = 0.80, 95% CI (0.47, 1.37)] had a lower cure rate compared to biological wound dressings. Foam and hydrocolloid dressings were associated with the least healing time. Few dressing changes were required for moist dressings.
Socioeconomic determinants of risky sexual behaviors and HIV seropositivity among university students in South Africa: A case control analysis
Authors: Pillay Trishka , Govender Nalini , Reddy Poovendhree 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSocioeconomic determinants of risky sexual behaviors in sub‐Saharan Africa are well known. The socioeconomic determinants of the sexual behaviors of university students, however, remain unclear. This case control study aimed to investigate the socioeconomic determinants of risky sexual behavior and HIV seropositivity among university students in KwaZulu‐Natal (KZN), South Africa. Participants (N = 500; 375 HIV uninfected and 125 HIV infected) from four public higher educational institutions in KZN were recruited, using a non‐randomized strategy. Socioeconomic status was assessed by food insecurity, access to the government loan scheme, and sharing of the bursary/loan with family. The findings of this study suggest that students reporting food insecurity were 1.87 times more likely to have multiple sexual partners; 3.18 times more likely to engage in transactional sex for money; and presented a fivefold higher risk of engaging in transactional sex for basic needs other than money. Accessing the government financing for education and sharing of the bursary/loan with family was also significantly associated with an increased risk of having an HIV seropositive status. A significant association between socioeconomic measures, risky sexual behavior, and HIV seropositivity is demonstrated in this study. Moreover, the socioeconomic risks and drivers when determining and/or developing HIV prevention interventions, including preexposure prophylaxis use, should be considered by healthcare providers based at campus health clinics.
A novel polyhydroxyalkanoate/polyvinyl alcohol composite porous membrane via electrospinning and spin coating as potential application for chemotherapy and tissue engineering
Authors: Chen Shengnan , Li Yuxin , Yan Eryun , Lu Hong , Gao Jianwei , Wang Yan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolyhydroxyalkanoate/polyvinyl alcohol (PHA/PVA) composite porous membranes were successfully prepared by coupling of electrospinning and spin‐coating. The resulting composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), FT‐IR spectrometer, x‐ray diffraction (XRD), contact angle tester and Brunner–Emmet–Teller (BET). It indicated that the PHA/PVA membrane belonged to a mesoporous material, which can be used as a drug delivery carrier for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). In vitro drug release experiments showed that DOX loaded PHA/PVA composite membranes presented higher DOX release level in acidic environment than that in neutral environment since the degradation rate of the membranes under pH = 4 was significantly higher. And that, the DOX loaded membranes exhibited excellent performance for inhibiting the growth of Caco‐2 cells, which revealed the membranes' biomedical potential for chemotherapy of colon cancer. Meanwhile, in view of the good adhesion of the cells to the membranes, this novel mesoporous material was also perspective in tissue engineering.
Telomere biology disorder presenting acutely with pulmonary fibrosis and hepatopulmonary syndrome in a young adult male
Authors: Kung Samantha Chin‐Yun , Dixon Olivia , Kentwell Sarah , Vasireddy Raja S. , Rodgers Jonathan , Ding Yuming , Rahman Tony , Tallis Caroline , Yang Ian A. , Mackintosh John A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA 33‐year‐old man presented with acute dyspnoea and profound hypoxaemia, and had clubbing, greying of hair, orthodeoxia and fine inspiratory crackles. CT chest showed established pulmonary fibrosis in a usual interstitial pneumonia pattern. Additional investigations revealed a small patent foramen ovale, pancytopenia, and oesophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy from liver cirrhosis. Telomere length testing demonstrated short telomeres (<1st percentile), confirming the diagnosis of a telomere biology disorder. An interstitial lung disease gene panel identified a pathogenic variant in TERT (c.1700C>T, p.(Thr567Met)) and a variant of uncertain significance in PARN (c.1159G>A, p.(Gly387Arg)). Combined lung and liver transplantation was deemed not suitable due to frailty and severe hepatopulmonary syndrome, and he died 56 days after presentation. Early recognition of the short telomere syndrome is important, and its multi‐organ involvement poses challenges to management. Genetic screening may be important in younger patients with pulmonary fibrosis or in unexplained liver cirrhosis.
Adaptive asymptotic tracking control for nonlinear systems with actuator fault and prescribed performance based on event‐triggered mechanism
Authors: Jiang Kun , Zhang Xuxi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article, the event‐triggered adaptive neural networks tracking control problem for nonlinear systems with prescribed performance and actuator fault is investigated. Meanwhile, bias faults and loss of effectiveness in actuators are taken into consideration, and the effectiveness factor is unknown. In the process of controller design under the framework of backstepping technology, neural networks are implemented to model the unknown terms of systems, and the tracking error is limited to a predefined boundary by using an error transformation. To economize communication resources, an adaptive neural networks event‐triggered control (ETC) strategy is developed, which can ensure that all the closed‐loop signals are bounded, and the tracking error not only confines to a prescribed function but also asymptotically converges to zero. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to further confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.