bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of electrical percolation on mechanical, thermal and flame properties of carbon filler‐epoxy composites
Authors: Rashmi  , Poornima  , Sundara Rajan J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHybrid combination of carbon fillers is utilized in an epoxy matrix to enhance DC/AC conductivity and dielectric constant. Influence at electrical percolation on mechanical strength, thermal stability, co‐efficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and flame properties have been investigated since proper balance of the properties is critical. Multiwalled carbon nanotube and graphene nanoplatelets of different weight proportions are incorporated in epoxy matrix to understand their impact of electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. It is observed that weight fraction of the carbon fillers at electrical percolation tends to deteriorate the mechanical and flame properties, minimally influences thermal stability while decreasing the CTE. The weight fractions below the electrical percolation are observed to enhance mechanical and flame properties as compared to percolation level. Though the formation of network of carbon fillers is responsible for enhancement of electrical conduction and CTE, the synergy of carbon fillers is not evident in mechanical and flame properties due to dominating influence of aspect ratio, orientation, and alignment. DC conductivity of 3 × 10−6 S/m, AC conductivity of 4 × 10−2 S/m at 8 MHz is observed at electrical percolation. However, composite reveals 5% to 10% reduction in mechanical strength, while the thermal stability and glass transition (126°C) are minimally affected at percolation. Co‐efficient of thermal expansion improves to 2 × 10−6/°C and heat deflection temperature increases to 140°C. Flame properties reveal divergent trends. The need for proper balance of electrical, thermal and mechanical properties at electrical percolation is emphasized.
The multifaceted challenges of teaching from home: A study of schoolteachers' well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Bhattacharya Anindita , Tandon Ankita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study examined perceived needs, well‐being, work/nonwork conflict and demands, and coping mechanisms among government and private schoolteachers in India while working from home during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We employed a mixed method design, collecting 161 quantitative responses using questionnaires and 121 qualitative responses using open‐ended questions. These were analyzed using inferential statistics and thematic analysis, respectively. Results highlight the negative impact of work/nonwork conflict on well‐being. The missing work‐home boundaries resulted in extended work hours, unorganized routines, and simultaneous work/nonwork demands. We describe the multifaceted nature of operational, pedagogical, and technological challenges faced by schoolteachers. We suggest psychological and operational resources and support mechanisms that can be developed at the family, school administration, and policy levels. Further, customized bundles of solutions are needed to address the variability in the challenges faced.
Synthesis of thin‐film materials using nonthermal plasma at a higher degree of dissociation
Authors: Cech Vladimir , Branecky Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLower flow rates of precursor molecules are favorable for the synthesis of thin‐film materials using nonthermal plasma at a higher degree of dissociation and sufficiently high deposition rate. These deposition conditions can be used for both continuous wave (CW) and pulsed plasmas and result in higher consumption of precursor molecules, which is beneficial for industrial applications due to cost reduction. A wider range of power can be used to control the chemical and physical properties of thin‐film materials based on power‐dependent plasma chemistry. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide films deposited in CW and pulsed plasma are used as an example. The different kinetics of film growth and the role of self‐bias voltage in both types of plasma are discussed.
Prediction of upgrade to clinically significant prostate cancer in patients under active surveillance: Performance of a fully automated AI‐algorithm for lesion detection and classification
Authors: Oerther Benedict , Engel Hannes , Nedelcu Andrea , Schlett Christopher L. , Grimm Robert , von Busch Heinrich , Sigle August , Gratzke Christian , Bamberg Fabian , Benndorf Matthias 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultiparametric MRI (mpMRI) improves the detection of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) subtypes. As cases of active surveillance (AS) increase and tumor progression triggers definitive treatment, we evaluated whether an AI‐driven algorithm can detect clinically significant PCa (csPCa) in patients under AS.MethodsConsecutive patients under AS who received mpMRI (PI‐RADSv2.1 protocol) and subsequent MR‐guided ultrasound fusion (targeted and extensive systematic) biopsy between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Diagnostic performance of an automated clinically certified AI‐driven algorithm was evaluated on both lesion and patient level regarding the detection of csPCa.ResultsAnalysis of 56 patients resulted in 93 target lesions. Patient level sensitivity and specificity of the AI algorithm was 92.5%/31% for the detection of ISUP ≥ 1 and 96.4%/25% for the detection of ISUP ≥ 2, respectively. The only case of csPCa missed by the AI harbored only 1/47 Gleason 7a core (systematic biopsy; previous and subsequent biopsies rendered non‐csPCa).ConclusionsAI‐augmented lesion detection and PI‐RADS scoring is a robust tool to detect progression to csPCa in patients under AS. Integration in the clinical workflow can serve as reassurance for the reader and streamline reporting, hence improve efficiency and diagnostic confidence.
Clinical and molecular determinants of PSA response to bipolar androgen therapy in prostate cancer
Authors: Caputo Sydney A. , Hawkins Madeline , Jaeger Ellen B. , Fleming William , Casado Crystal , Manogue Charlotte , Huang Minqi , Lieberman Alex , Light Malcolm , Sussman Isabelle P. , Miller Patrick , Barata Pedro C. , Lewis Brian E. , Layton Jodi Lyn , Ledet Elisa M. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Sartor Oliver 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBipolar androgen therapy (BAT) is a novel therapy known to be effective in a subset of men with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). A better understanding of responders and nonresponders to BAT would be useful to clinicians considering BAT therapy for patients. Herein we analyze clinical and genetic factors in responders/nonresponders to better refine our understanding regarding which patients benefit from this innovative therapy.MethodsmCRPC patients were assessed for response or no response to BAT. Patients with PSA declines of greater than 50% from baseline after 2 or more doses of testosterone were considered to be responders. Whereas, nonresponders had no PSA decline after 2 doses of testosterone and subsequently manifest a PSA increase of >50%. Differences between these two groups of patients were analyzed using clinical and laboratory parameters. All patients underwent genomic testing using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and germline testing pre‐BAT.ResultsTwenty five patients were nonresponders and 16 were responders. Baseline characteristics between nonresponders and responders varied. Responders were more likely to have had a radical prostatectomy as definitive therapy and were more likely to have been treated with an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist (enzalutamide or apalutamide) immediately before BAT (compared to abiraterone). Duration of prior enzalutamide therapy was longer in responders. Nonresponders were more likely to have bone‐only metastases and responders were more likely to have nodal metastases. Assays detected ctDNA AR amplifications more often in responding patients. Responders trended toward having the presence of more TP53 mutations at baseline.ConclusionsBAT responders are distinct from nonresponders in several ways however each of these distinctions are imperfect. Patterns of metastatic disease, prior therapies, duration of prior therapies, and genomics each contribute to an understanding of patients that will or will not respond. Additional studies are needed to refine the parameters that clinicians can utilize before choosing among the numerous treatment alternatives available for CRPC patients.
Discovery of triphenylphosphonium (TPP)‐conjugated N‐(1,1′‐biphenyl)‐2‐yl aliphatic amides as excellent fungicidal candidates
Authors: Wang Jiayao , Liu Huihui , Jiang Jiazhen , Liu Xuelian , Zhou Tianyou , Li Jia‐Qi , Xiao Yumei , Qin Zhaohai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSuccinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) are the fastest growing agricultural fungicides at present, but their rapidly growing resistance is a serious problem for their application. Previously, we screened out a fungicidal lead compound CBUA‐TPP (1) through triphenylphosphonium (TPP)‐driven mitochondrial‐targeting strategy. The targeting led to the rapid accumulation of 1 in mitochondria and the saturation inhibition of complex II in a short time, resulting in electron leakage and the explosion of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the contribution of biphenyl‐2‐amines to the activity of these compounds and their structure–activity relationship are still unknown.RESULTSTwo series of CBUA‐TPP (1) analogues (series 2 and 3) were designed and synthesized. The bioassay results indicated that series 2 compounds generally showed much higher fungicidal activities than series 3, suggesting the crucial contribution of the biarylamine module in these targeted molecules and the pyridinyl substitution of phenyl is unfavorable to their activities. Interestingly, these two series of compounds displayed almost opposite substituent effects. Several compounds showed excellent fungicidal activities in vitro, among which compound 2‐1 exhibited excellent field control efficacy on potato late blight.CONCLUSIONBy optimizing the lead compound, the contribution of biarylamine in CBUA‐TPP (1) analogs to the fungicidal activity is clarified. Several compounds, represented by 2‐1, have great potential as fungicide candidates. They exhibit high and broad‐spectrum fungicidal activities and are highly effective against common pathogenic fungi infecting vegetables and fruits both in vitro and field control. It not only provided a new choice for controlling these diseases, but its low resistance tendency also provided a better scheme for resistance management. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Use of the 1.1 mm cryoprobe through the radial EBUS GS (without the need for a bronchial blocker) to obtain samples safely in diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPL)
Authors: Herath Samantha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCryobiopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions suspected of lung cancer is gaining popularity due to the larger non‐crushed samples capable of an array of molecular testing. However, the method of performing this procedure so far had been resource‐intensive and time‐consuming limiting the procedure to tertiary centres. Having to remove the cryobiopsy en masse with the bronchoscope was the main issue that hindered the safety of the procedure. We report two cases where the 1.1 mm cryoprobe was used and the cryobiopsy was extracted through the Radial EBUS GS whilst the bronchoscope remained in the bronchial tree, with excellent control of bleeding, due to the tamponading of the GS as well as the ability to attend to bleeding as soon as it occurred, due to the bronchoscope being inside the airway. This method of obtaining the cryobiopsy through the GS and keeping the bronchoscope in the airway improved the safety of cryobiopsy for PPL. Further studies are required to assess the consistency of yield and safety of this method.
Nonlinear disturbance observer based multiple‐model adaptive explicit model predictive control for nonlinear MIMO system
Authors: Dutta Lakshmi , Kumar Das Dushmanta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, a nonlinear disturbance observer‐based multiple‐model adaptive explicit model predictive control (NDO‐MMAEMPC) scheme is developed for a nonlinear MIMO system with parametric uncertainty as well as an external disturbance. The proposed method manages external disturbances without affecting the degree of smoothness of the control signals. Further, to cope with the unknown system uncertainty, blending‐based adaptive identification schemes are used for the same class of systems. For each identification model, an explicit nonlinear model predictive controller is computed off‐line for the corresponding model in advance, which saves computation power during operation. The generated control inputs from the set of explicit controllers are being blended online using adaptive weight. An extended Kalman filter algorithm is employed for the estimation of the unavailable states of the nonlinear system. Using an aerodynamic laboratory setup, the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is verified.
Robust control scheme based on an uncertainty and disturbance estimator for a quadrotor with motor failures
Authors: Betancourt Julio , Balaguer Vicente , Castillo Pedro , García Pedro , Lozano Rogelio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new robust fault tolerant control architecture based on a disturbance observer. The control architecture is composed of a nominal controller and a rotor's fault observer capable to identify and estimate motors' degradation performance. Besides, is designed for a quadrotor vehicle and validated in critical and noncritical motors' failures. For both failure cases, each motor performance is analyzed to counteracted the failure and restore the system stability. If the practical stability is not recovered (critical case) a control reconfiguration is performed for safe landing. Experimental tests are carried out in real time to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture when confronting the stability of the system with aggressive disturbances or uncertainties.
Synthesis of Visible Light Excitable Carbon Dot Phosphor‐Al2O3Hybrids for Anti‐Counterfeiting and Information Encryption
Authors: Lu Dong , Lu Ke , Wen Hong‐Tao , Wei Zhan , Bianco Alberto , Wang Gui‐Gen , Zhang Hua‐Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe preparation of room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots still faces great challenges, especially in the case of carbon dots endowed of visible‐light excitable room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). To date, a limited number of substrates have been exploited to synthesize room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots, and most of them can emit RTP only in solid state. Here, the synthesis of a composite obtained from the calcination of green carbon dots (g‐CDs) blended with aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) is reported. The resultant hybrid material g‐CDs@Al2O3exhibits blue fluorescence and green RTP emissions in an on/off switch process at 365 nm. Notably, this composite manifests strong resistance to extreme acid and basic conditions up to 30 days of treatment. The dense structure of Al2O3formed by calcination contributes to the phosphorescent emission of g‐CDs. Surprisingly, g‐CDs@Al2O3can also emit yellow RTP under irradiation with white light. The multicolor emissions can be employed for anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption. This work provides a straightforward approach to produce room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots for a wide range of applications.
Beeswax‐Modified Starch–Cellulose Composites with Superhydrophobic and Self‐Cleaning Capability
Authors: Niu Shasha , He Wenqin , Chang Qing , Deng Xiaoyong , Xie Yijun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStarch‐based materials have been proposed as the alternatives to plastic tableware and packaging materials; however, starch materials suffer from poor wear resistance because of their hydrophilicity. Therefore, it is essential to prepare starch composites with hydrophobic functionalization especially using fluorine‐free compounds. In this study, superhydrophobic starch–cellulose composites are fabricated by using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the adhesive layer and beeswax as the functionalized layer. The superhydrophobicity (contact angle: 152°) is achieved by building the rough surface and low surface energy of beeswax. Meanwhile, polyethyleneimine tightly connects the beeswax coating and the starch composites by hydrogen bonding, and the surface remains superhydrophobic even after 200 s of water impact. The water/moisture absorption reduced significantly (>30%) after beeswax functionalization thanks to the increased hydrophobicity while the mechanical strength keeps the same (≈22 MPa) compared with the unfunctionalized sample. The self‐cleaning study on various types of liquid drinks (milk, cola, coffee, tea) on the superhydrohobic starch composites demonstrates efficient repellence to the fluids and retains the superhydrophobicity upon different liquid. The durable and biodegradable starch–cellulose composites with excellent self‐cleaning and antifouling performance provide the methodological basis for developing next‐generation green packaging materials over common plastics.
Migrant Domestic Space as Kinship Space: Dwelling in the “Distant Home” of One’s in-Laws
Authors: Bertolani Barbara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMuch qualitative research on international migration has interrogated the influence of a migratory background on the access to the field, the quality and type of data being collected and their analytical interpretation. What happens, instead, if a researcher ispartof the research field? What are the ethical, moral and relational constraints and opportunities that this position entails in data access and interpretation? This chapter is based on a study of home and homemaking in domestic spaces connected by international migration between Indian Punjab and Italy. I critically discuss the implications of my double positioning as someone who entered the homes of her in-laws as a female white European researcher, and as the wife of a relative. This has enabled me to live up close and as a family guest the daily life and domesticity in the “distant homes” of my relatives, and has certainly influenced the type of information collected. Drawing on some specific examples, I revisit the most frequent misunderstandings but also the contingent measures adopted to negotiate our respective expectations and roles. Moreover, the chapter analyzes the constraints and opportunities that this positioning has brought to my study, eventually showing what we can understand better and otherwise about migration and homemaking by doing research in the domestic space of our research participants.
‘Visiting Home’ as a Method and Experience: Researching Russian Migrants’ Homes in the UK
Authors: Pechurina Anna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter draws on a study which examined the interrelation between home, migration and cultural identity, using home-based qualitative interviews as the main method of data collection. As the chapter shows, while the home as an interview setting offers opportunities to see and discuss objects in their actual location as well as engage the senses, it also poses challenges of ethical and methodological nature. This chapter presents a discussion of the home interview situation and the ways it came to reveal different contexts and relationships that produced a host/guest dynamic that reflected various expectations from both the researcher and the participants. While the domestic space provides welcome and hospitality, it also imposes boundaries and rules. Overall, the chapter calls for a more methodologically nuanced and reflexive approach to the home-based interview that can uncover meanings, attachments and relationships that affect both participants and researchers.
(In)Visibility: On the Doorstep of a Mediatized Refugees’ Squat
Authors: Giudici Daniela 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMigrants’ squats often inhabit marginal and “out of sight” urban areas, placed at the intersection of institutional neglect and alternative strategies for self-managed living. Yet, at times, migrants’ informal settlements become highly visible places, as they find themselves in the spotlight as symbols of governmental failure and urban decay. This chapter reflects on the hurdles and conundrums of negotiating access as a researcher within such a place. It is based on a number of ethnographic encounters that took place at “Ex-MOI”, a housing squat in Turin’s abandoned Olympic Village that became catalyst of local anxieties, as well as of national xenophobic propaganda. Entering a housing squat – at once a public and a private environment – is by no means obvious. Yet, this scenario offers a fertile perspective to look at some underlying aspects of the ethnographic encounter, such as research subjects’ resistance to the “ethnographic gaze”, cross-gender and cross-racial dynamics within fieldwork, as well as the role of the “unsaid” as a telling social act. Refugees’ refusal to be “domesticated” for academic purposes testifies to their multiple attempts at re-gaining control over the representation of their lives, as well as to the inherent political nature of acts of homemaking.
Looking for Homes in Migrants’ Informal Settlements: A Case Study from Italy
Authors: Fravega Enrico 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter offers an overview of migrants’ home experience in informal settlements. Focusing on the case of an agro-industrial district in Southern Italy, and based on my ethnographic fieldwork, I first discuss the relevance of labour exploitation in shaping the emergence, localization and spreading of informal settlements in the Italian ruralscape, including the associated housing and homemaking practices. I then show how migrants’ home in informal settlements spreads out of the perimeter of dwelling and is deeply shaped by their broader social and relational experience. The chapter eventually stresses the importance of research on migrant homemaking practices in informal settlements. This points to the significance of aspects such as the blurring and entanglement of boundaries between public and private spheres; the deep influence of interpersonal relationships in shaping one’s domestic space; the social construction of housing and homemaking as the result of migrants’ autonomy combined with the social constraints and the forms of exploitation they are embedded in.
Stability of a two-dimensional biomorphoelastic model for post-burn contraction
Authors: Egberts Ginger , Vermolen Fred , van Zuijlen Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe consider the stability analysis of a two-dimensional model for post-burn contraction. The model is based on morphoelasticity for permanent deformations and combined with a chemical-biological model that incorporates cellular densities, collagen density, and the concentration of chemoattractants. We formulate stability conditions depending on the decay rate of signaling molecules for both the continuous partial differential equations-based problem and the (semi-)discrete representation. We analyze the difference and convergence between the resulting spatial eigenvalues from the continuous and semi-discrete problems.