bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel simulation paradigm utilising MRI-derived phosphene maps for cortical prosthetic vision
Authors: Wang Haozhe Zac , Wong Yan Tat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. We developed a realistic simulation paradigm for cortical prosthetic vision and investigated whether we can improve visual performance using a novel clustering algorithm. Approach. Cortical visual prostheses have been developed to restore sight by stimulating the visual cortex. To investigate the visual experience, previous studies have used uniform phosphene maps, which may not accurately capture generated phosphene map distributions of implant recipients. The current simulation paradigm was based on the Human Connectome Project retinotopy dataset and the placement of implants on the cortices from magnetic resonance imaging scans. Five unique retinotopic maps were derived using this method. To improve performance on these retinotopic maps, we enabled head scanning and a density-based clustering algorithm was then used to relocate centroids of visual stimuli. The impact of these improvements on visual detection performance was tested. Using spatially evenly distributed maps as a control, we recruited ten subjects and evaluated their performance across five sessions on the Berkeley Rudimentary Visual Acuity test and the object recognition task. Main results. Performance on control maps is significantly better than on retinotopic maps in both tasks. Both head scanning and the clustering algorithm showed the potential of improving visual ability across multiple sessions in the object recognition task. Significance. The current paradigm is the first that simulates the experience of cortical prosthetic vision based on brain scans and implant placement, which captures the spatial distribution of phosphenes more realistically. Utilisation of evenly distributed maps may overestimate the performance that visual prosthetics can restore. This simulation paradigm could be used in clinical practice when making plans for where best to implant cortical visual prostheses.
Neuromorphic applications in medicine
Authors: Aboumerhi Khaled , Güemes Amparo , Liu Hongtao , Tenore Francesco , Etienne-Cummings Ralph 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing demand for miniaturization, low power consumption, quick treatments, and non-invasive clinical strategies in the healthcare industry. To meet these demands, healthcare professionals are seeking new technological paradigms that can improve diagnostic accuracy while ensuring patient compliance. Neuromorphic engineering, which uses neural models in hardware and software to replicate brain-like behaviors, can help usher in a new era of medicine by delivering low power, low latency, small footprint, and high bandwidth solutions. This paper provides an overview of recent neuromorphic advancements in medicine, including medical imaging and cancer diagnosis, processing of biosignals for diagnosis, and biomedical interfaces, such as motor, cognitive, and perception prostheses. For each section, we provide examples of how brain-inspired models can successfully compete with conventional artificial intelligence algorithms, demonstrating the potential of neuromorphic engineering to meet demands and improve patient outcomes. Lastly, we discuss current struggles in fitting neuromorphic hardware with non-neuromorphic technologies and propose potential solutions for future bottlenecks in hardware compatibility.
I-V characteristics and adsorption properties of ZnO/rGO/ZnO for gas sensing detection
Authors: Ding Jijun , Bu Yuwen , Yang Mingya , Feng Jialong , Wu Rongguo , Chen Haixia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The heterostructure consisting of zinc oxide and reduced graphene oxide (ZnO/rGO/ZnO) is prepared on cotton fabric by repeated immersion and magnetron sputtering. In addition, the gas selectivity of the sample is analyzed based on I-V characteristics under different gas atmospheres (air, methanal, ethanol, acetone and toluene). Compare with that in air atmosphere, the I-V characteristic curve under toluene gas atmosphere changes significantly, and the current decreased significantly. The experimental results show that the samples exhibit high selectivity. In order to study the intrinsic physical characteristics of the heterostructure after gas adsorption, the band structures, density of states (DOS), adsorption energy (Ead) and charge density difference (CDD) are calculated based on density function theory (DFT). The existence of rGO results in a high electrical conductivity, which is consistent with the experimental results. Meanwhile, toluene has the highest Ead (-0.85 eV) and charge transfer (0.67 e). The charge transfer results prove that a large number of electrons are transferred from the surface of the heterostructure to the vicinity of toluene molecules, which leads to a change in the electrical conductivity of the heterostructure. Based on the excellent gas selectivity, the application of cotton-based ZnO/rGO/ZnO structure in gas sensing field is promoted.
Preparation and characterization of polydodecyl benzene sulfonic acid/ polyaniline
Authors: Ma Mingming , Shi Shuai , Cui Shuhui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Poly dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid/polyaniline (PDBSA/PANI) composite was prepared by twice electropolymeization. The effects of experiment conditions such as DBSA concentration, elecrode length, twice scan potential range, scan rate and scan cycles on the charge capacity of PDBSA/PANI composite were investigated. And the optimum twice electropolymerization parameters were achieved. The functuional group and surface micrograph of PDBSA/PANI composite were characterized by FT-IR spectra and field emission scanning electron microscope, respectively. The results showed that the absorption intensities of sulfonic acid group originated from PDBSA/PANI were much more stronger than those of self-adsorbed DBSA/PANI composite. Meanwhile, the surface micrograph of PDBSA/PANI was much more fibrous than that of DBSA/PANI. All the above were advantage to the storage of charge. Thus, PDBSA/PANI was better than DBSA/PANI in charge storage.
Residual flexural tensile strength properties of notched concrete beams with high-strength steel fibers
Authors: Jin A H , Yun H D 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to replace the steel bars and barbed wires in reinforced concrete structures, conduct experiments using steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC), and investigate its failure modes. We conduct the experiments by performing the three-point bending test specified in the EN 14651 standard. Based on an analysis of the results obtained worldwide in recent years, we use SFRC specimens fabricated in the structural laboratory of Chungnam University in South Korea and apply the results from other researchers. The residual stresses of 625 SFRC specimens are analyzed based on the high or low strengths of the fibers and categorized according to fiber content and the aspect ratio of the fibers. The contribution of each condition to the residual flexural strength is discussed based on the results of the residual flexural strength after cracking, and it is suggested that more research and calculations are needed for high-strength steel fibers.
Features of a THz pulse generated in the metallic waveguides partially filled with nonlinear crystals
Authors: Nikoghosyan A S , Tadevosyan V R , Goltsman G N , Antipov S V 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The experimental and numerical study both generation and transmission terahertz pulse in a nonlinear crystal partially filling the rectangular metallic waveguide cross-section is presented. LiNbO3 and DAST crystals have been studied since they have a high-quality factor (FOM) and optical rectification in them is the most promising method for generating an extremely strong terahertz field. Experimentally and numerically has been shown that, depending on the thickness and permittivity of a nonlinear crystal, a broadband terahertz pulse can propagate with low absorption in the form of the fundamental H10 mode or a linear superposition of Hno modes.
Optimization of Bifacial Photovoltaics by Optical Systems Feasibility Study
Authors: Mueller Helmut F.O. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Bifacial PV cells allow light to reach the cell from the rear, achieving rear side efficiencies from 60% to over 95%. The predicted annual bifacial gain in irradiance (rear / front) can be 5% to 30% depending mainly on the reflectivity of the ground (albedo). It can be increased by optical systems redirecting diffuse and direct solar radiation to the rear of the solar cell without solar tracking. The optical systems can work by the physical effects of refraction or reflection. Beside reflective gratings refractive prismatic systems can be applied, e.g., as micro-structures, which originally were developed to improve daylighting of deep rooms. Applications and production related variations are described. The arrangement of the optical system and PV module can vary according to the orientation and setup of the module, which may be in open spaces or integrated into buildings. The advantage of bifacial over monofacial cells is expressed by the “bifacial gain”. This is the additional part of the total energy that a bifacial PV system produces in comparison to a monofacial system with the same orientation and size. This additional yield is given in the literature as 5% to 30%, depending on the reflectivity of the ground and the cell type. For the redirection of solar radiation by micro-structured systems on HIT bifacial solar cells a bifacial gain of 51% to 68% can be assumed. These preliminary results have to be confirmed by tests.
Design and Realization Separable Observation Sensors of Tianwen-1 Mars Probe
Authors: Di Wu , Yang Du , Yuan Gao , Feng Wang , Miao Yu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tianwen 1 Mars exploration mission is a high-risk mission with long cycle, high communication delay, high product reliability and harsh deep space environment. Two separate observation sensors are installed on Tianwen 1 probe. During the Earth Mars transfer phase of Tianwen 1, the first separable observation sensor was separated from Tianwen 1, which monitored the state of Tianwen 1 and its surrounding space environment. On the Mars orbit, the second separable observation sensor was separated from the Tianwen 1 probe and took a color group photograph of the Tianwen 1 probe and Mars. This paper first introduces the task requirements of separable observation sensors and the design constraints of deep space environment on products. Secondly, the composition of the separable observation sensor is introduced. Thirdly, the relevant indicators of the separable observation sensor are introduced. Finally, the ground test and in orbit test of the separable observation sensor are introduced.
A differential miniaturized thickness measurement calibration system based on laser triangulation sensors
Authors: Jin Sun , Ming Feng Zhe , Jun Zhou Yi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Steel plate thickness inspection is important in high-precision steel processing and manufacturing. Traditional inspection methods use manual contact measurement, which has low inspection efficiency and large human error, so we proposed a differential non-contact thickness measurement system based on laser triangulation sensors. Firstly, we designed a differential measurement structure by placing the laser triangulation sensors on the top and bottom of the steel plate to be measured, so that the data from the top and bottom sensors can be sampled and the steel plate thickness can be calculated simultaneously. Secondly, based on the principle of error averaging effect, we proposed a multi-point measurement averaging method to take multiple points on the surface of the steel plate and calculate the average value as the thickness of the steel plate. Further, to improve the measurement system’s long-term stability, the temperature drift is corrected by the polynomial fitting method. Finally, the experiment proves that the repeatability accuracy of our proposed measurement system can reach ±0.5um and the measurement drift is better than ±0.1% of the steel plate thickness.
Multidimensional Data Analysis of Ambient Air Quality Based on Apache Kylin
Authors: Yuan Ying , Xu Lejin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
While the environmental monitoring department increases the number of monitoring points and the frequency of monitoring, it will also bring about a surge in the amount of monitoring data and computational response events. However, the traditional data statistics methods based on relational databases are ineffective in the face of huge environmental monitoring data. Aiming at ambient air quality data analysis, this paper uses Hadoop, Hive, Kylin, and other tools to build a multi-dimensional analysis platform for ambient air quality big data in a distributed environment, which realizes the unified storage, calculation, and analysis of ambient air quality monitoring data. Compared with the traditional relational database statistical analysis scheme, the proposed solution significantly improves the efficiency of statistical analysis of ambient air quality data under the condition of large data. The response time is shortened by 98%, reaching the sub-second level.
General Intelligent Dataset Description Method and Application
Authors: Ma Danchen , Zhang Shaoyang , Liu Yongli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the development of the Internet, the growth rate of big data has exceeded the ability of human beings to obtain information from data. In the near future, faced with the sea of data, seemingly logically correct algorithms may come to the opposite conclusion, which will be a “data disaster” era. Therefore, letting data “speak” and enable data intelligence is an important problem that must be solved in the field of big data research. In this paper, we propose a “data intelligence” framework based on Brooks’s Subsumption Architecture for robotics. In this framework, we define a new dataset description method and try to encapsulate the dataset described by this method into a software container. Then, we set up the corresponding operations on the dataset container. Finally, we identify an interaction model for a “dataset agent” based on academic work on agents in the field of artificial intelligence. And we designed and implemented some functions of an intelligent document manager, which proves that our design ideas and methods are feasible.
Few-shot Object Detection Based on Sample Balance Correction
Authors: Cai Wei , Wang Xin , Yang Zhiyong , Jiang Xinhao , Chen Dong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We propose a few-shot object detection algorithm based on sample balance correction, which introduces categorical sample balance correction and positioning sample balance correction on the basis of the Faster R-CNN network to improve the performance of few-shot detection, and categorical sample balance correction increases the passing probability of the new type pre-selection box by changing the selection rules of the pre-selection box. And the similarity calculation branch is added to the detection head to help improve the classification ability, and the positioning sample balance correction solves the sample balance in the training process and the balance problem of correcting difficult samples by improving the positioning loss function. Experiments on the PASCAL VOC dataset show that the proposed algorithm improves the detection effect when the sample size is small, up to 3.2 percentage points higher than the comparison algorithm, and has good robustness and generalization ability.
Combined Prediction Model of PM2.5 Concentration Based on Wavelet Transform and LSTM
Authors: Hu Xueka , Shi Jiahao , He Cailian , Fang Jiajue 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To improve the prediction accuracy of PM2.5 concentration and overcome the applicability limitation of a single prediction method, a combined prediction model of PM2.5 concentration based on wavelet transform and long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed. The potential relationship between PM2.5 and other air quality indexes is explored by using feature engineering, and strong correlation factors are selected as input vectors. Wavelet transform is used to decompose and refine the time series of related factors at multiple scales. And the LSTM is used to train the time series in different scales, and the final prediction results are generated through reconstruction. The results show that the combined model has a better prediction effect compared with the single prediction model, which improves the prediction accuracy and model generalization ability.
New Upper Bounds on The Spectral Radius for the Hadamard Product of Nonnegative Matrices
Authors: Zhong Qin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
By using the eigenvalue inclusion field theorem and the commutability of the Hadamard product, new upper bound estimations of ρ (E ∘ F) are given. The new estimations can be expressed only by the elements of two nonnegative matrices, which are operable and easy to calculate. Finally, an example is given to verify that the estimation formulas in this paper are more accurate than related conclusions.
Properties on the Fan Product of M-matrices
Authors: Zhong Qin , Li Ling 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, the lower bound expressions of the smallest eigenvalue q(E ★ F) are derived using the row sums of two M-matrices and the maximum of the main diagonal elements. The obtained lower bounds improve the existing related conclusions. Furthermore, the results of this paper are compared with those of related results by two specific examples to verify the accuracy of the results.
The Uncertainty Principle with Fourier Transform Derivatives
Authors: Qu Feifei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The classical uncertainty principle works for smooth signal functions. In our work, we apply the Fourier transform derivatives for the study of uncertainty principle, so that the smoothness condition for the signal functions is not required. At first, the amplitude and phase derivatives of vector-valued signal functions based on the Fourier transform are defined. Then we obtain a strong form of the uncertainty principle.
Calibrating global hydrological models with GRACE TWS: does river storage matter?
Authors: Trautmann Tina , Koirala Sujan , Guentner Andreas , Kim Hyungjun , Jung Martin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Although river water storage contributes to Total Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) variations obtained from GRACE satellite gravimetry, it is unclear if computationally expensive river routing schemes are required when GRACE data is used for calibration and validation in global hydrological modeling studies. Here, we investigate the role of river water storage on calibration and validation of a parsimonious global hydrological model. In a multi-criteria calibration approach, the model is constrained against either GRACE TWS or TWS from which river water storage is removed. While we find that removing river water storage changes the TWS constraint regionally and globally, there are no significant implications for model calibration and the resulting simulations. However, adding modeled river water storage a-posteriori to calibrated TWS simulations improves model validation against seasonal GRACE TWS variations globally and regionally, especially in tropics and Northern low- and wetlands. While our findings justify the exclusion of explicit river routing for global model calibration, we find that the inclusion of river water storage is relevant for model evaluation.
A glitch free variability resistant high speed and low power sense amplifier based flip flop for digital sequential circuits
Authors: Shah Owais Ahmad , Nijhawan Geeta , Khan Imran Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this work, a sense amplifier based flip flop (SAFF) is presented appropriate for high speed, high data activity and low power operations. The delay and power of the proposed flip flop have been considerably reduced as it uses a novel single-ended latch structure. The flip flop (FF) also achieves glitch free operation and can be operated and is functional at near-threshold voltage levels. SPICE simulations were carried out to do a comprehensive and quantifiable analysis between the presented architecture and formerly known architectures in 32 nm CMOS technology. The proposed design achieved a reduction of minimum 22.67% in power at nominal voltage. In terms of Power Delay Product (PDP), a reduction of 63.51% was observed. At 100 MHz clock frequency, the power dissipation was lowered by 30%. The proposed design at data activity of 100% consumes 28.24% less power whereas at activities of less than 12.5% it does not show significant improvements. However, the proposed design has an advantage in terms of speed and is 40% to 82% faster at nominal conditions and can also operate at wide supply voltage. It also has the second lowest transistor count and second lowest area. The power performance is verified by implementing the proposed design as a 4-bit shift register.
Multi-objective optimization of inconel 718 turning parameters using PCA-MARCOS and MARCOS-Taguchi
Authors: Yallese Mohamed Athmane , Boucherit Septi , Kouahla Ilyas , Belhadi Salim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) methods have gathered significant interest from researchers across various scientific fields. In the case of mechanical part machining when faced with conflicting objectives, these methods have become essential in the selection of necessary cutting parameters. The integration of these techniques with multi-objective optimization procedures has proven effective in leading to an efficient solution to a multi-attribute decision-making problem. The present study falls within this context. Its primary objective being the determination of the optimal cutting parameters that reduces tool vibration, minimizes surface roughness along withmaximizing material removal rate during the turning of Inconel 718 using a coated carbide cutting tool grade (GC1105). These various objectives have been achieved through combining the principal component analysis (PCA) method to the measurement of alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution (MARCOS), and MARCOS method coupled with the Taguchi SN ratio. The results obtained demonstrated that both methods generated the same combination of optimal cutting parameters that achieve the aforementioned objectives and represented by a nose radius r = 0.8 mm, a cutting speed Vc = 70 mm min−1, a feed rate f = 0.08 mm rev−1, and a depth of cut ap = 0.3 mm.