bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of environmental interventions based on social programs on physical activity levels: A systematic review
Authors: Hernández Edgar D. , Cobo Elisa A. , Cahalin Lawrence P. , Seron Pamela 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe design of social programs at the environmental level such as in schools, parks, bicycle paths, or workspaces generates changes in the behavior of individuals and modifies lifestyles by increasing physical activity (PA) levels.ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of environmental interventions based on social programs by changing the population's level of PA.MethodologyNatural experiment studies that involved environmental intervention programs at a social level were included. The primary outcome was PA levels with consideration of both objective and subjective measurements. An electronic search was carried out in Medline/Pubmed, SCIENCE DIRECT, WEB OF SCIENCE, and CINAHL databases up to January 2022 with two reviewers screening titles and abstracts and selecting studies for full-text reading. Two reviewers also acquired relevant data and evaluated study quality using the ROBINS I tool. A qualitative analysis was performed.ResultsThree thousand eight hundred and sixty-five articles were found in the 4 consulted databases. After eliminating duplication (200), two reviewers screened 3,665 titles and abstracts and excluded 3,566 that did not meet the inclusion criteria, leaving 99 articles to be read in full text. The 99 full texts were reviewed of which 24 papers met the eligibility criteria. All were natural experiments published between 2011 and 2020 and all evaluated environmental social programs revealing that social programs at the environmental level promoted PA in various populations at the community level worldwide.ConclusionThe 24 reviewed studies suggest innovative proposals for social programs that seek to increase PA and promote healthy lifestyles related to public activity policies developed in the countries in which they were generated. Environmental social programs can positively impact PA levels among children and adults.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=229718, identifier: CRD42021229718.
Association of body roundness index and its trajectories with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among a Chinese middle-aged and older population: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ding Jiacheng , Chen Xuejiao , Shi Zhan , Bai Kaizhi , Shi Songhe 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe body roundness index (BRI) is a novel anthropometric index that is a better indicator for predicting fat distribution than the body mass index (BMI). The longitudinal study can repeatedly collect measured results for the variables to be studied and then consider the potential effects of intraindividual changes in measurement. However, few population-based, longitudinal studies of BRI have been conducted, especially among the Chinese population. The study aimed to investigate the association of BRI and its longitudinal trajectories with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.MethodsA total of 71,166 participants with four times BRI measurements between January 2010 and December 2019 were included in this longitudinal study, with a median follow-up was 7.93 years, and 11,538 deaths were recorded, of which 5,892 deaths were due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A latent class growth mixture modeling (LCGMM) was used to identify BRI trajectories. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate associations between BRI trajectories and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.ResultsIn the restricted cubic spline regression models, a U-shaped relationship between BRI and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed. Three BRI longitudinal trajectories of low-stable (mean BRI = 2.59), moderate-stable (mean BRI = 3.30), and high-stable (mean BRI = 3.65) were identified by LCGMM. After being adjusted for potential confounders, the HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.18 (1.13–1.24) for the moderate-stable group and 1.74 (1.66–1.82) for the high-stable group compared to the low-stable group. The HRs for cardiovascular mortality were 1.12 (1.05–1.18) for the moderate-stable group and 1.64 (1.53–1.75) for the high-stable group compared to the low-stable group.ConclusionA nonlinear association of BRI with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed, and participants in the higher BRI longitudinal trajectory group were significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Polypharmacy, chronic kidney disease, and mortality among older adults: A prospective study of National Health and nutrition examination survey, 1999–2018
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Yang Chao , Jiang Jie , Hu Yonghua , Hao Yuantao , Dong Jia-Yi 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionPolypharmacy might contribute to a range of adverse outcomes, which could get worse in the elderly with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Evidence on polypharmacy, CKD, and mortality is scarce. We aimed to investigate the prospective association between polypharmacy, CKD and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adults aged ≥65 years.MethodsA total of 13,513 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were included, following up from 1999 to 2018 until December 31, 2019. The simultaneous use of ≥5 medications by one individual was defined as polypharmacy. Survey-weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) for mortality from all-cause, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cancer after adjusting for potential confounding factors.ResultsAmong the elderly with CKD, we identified 3,825 total deaths (1,325 CVD and 714 cancer) during a median follow-up of 7.7 years. Participants with polypharmacy had a 27% (HR = 1.27 [1.15, 1.39]) and 39% (HR = 1.39 [1.19, 1.62]) higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively, but not for cancer mortality. Compared with the elderly with no polypharmacy and no CKD, the corresponding HRs (95%CIs) for all-cause mortality were 1.04 (0.96, 1.14) for those with no polypharmacy but CKD, 1.24 (1.11, 1.39) for with polypharmacy but no CKD, and 1.34 (1.21, 1.49) for those with both polypharmacy and CKD. A similar pattern was detected for CVD mortality.DiscussionPolypharmacy was associated with elevated risks of all-cause and CVD mortality among the elderly CKD patients. More evidence-based approaches should be promoted for the appropriate deprescribing in the older adults with CKD.
Estimating 10-year risk of lung and breast cancer by occupation in Switzerland
Authors: van der Linden Bernadette Wilhelmina Antonia , Bovio Nicolas , Arveux Patrick , Bergeron Yvan , Bulliard Jean-Luc , Fournier Evelyne , Germann Simon , Konzelmann Isabelle , Maspoli Manuela , Rapiti Elisabetta , Chiolero Arnaud , Guseva Canu Irina 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionLung and breast cancer are important in the working-age population both in terms of incidence and costs. The study aims were to estimate the 10-year risk of lung and breast cancer by occupation and smoking status and to create easy to use age-, and sex-specific 10-year risk charts.MethodsNew lung and breast cancer cases between 2010 and 2014 from all 5 cancer registries of Western Switzerland, matched with the Swiss National Cohort were used. The 10-year risks of lung and breast cancer by occupational category were estimated. For lung cancer, estimates were additionally stratified by smoking status using data on smoking prevalence from the 2007 Swiss Health Survey.ResultsThe risks of lung and breast cancer increased with age and were the highest for current smokers. Men in elementary professions had a higher 10-year risk of developing lung cancer compared to men in intermediate and managerial professions. Women in intermediate professions had a higher 10-year risk of developing lung cancer compared to elementary and managerial professions. However, women in managerial professions had the highest risk of developing breast cancer.DiscussionThe 10-year risk of lung and breast cancer differs substantially between occupational categories. Smoking creates greater changes in 10-year risk than occupation for both sexes. The 10-year risk is interesting for both patients and professionals to inform choices related to cancer risk, such as screening and health behaviors. The risk charts can also be used as public health indicators and to inform policies to protect workers.
Cost analysis of childhood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Sichuan, China
Authors: Chen Min , Liu Yantao , Yang Xue , Hong Yu , Ni Jiaqi 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo analyze the inpatient cost of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children, so as to support clinical decision-making.MethodsStudy population were children who received HSCT in a tertiary children’s hospital (Sichuan, China) between 1st January 2020 and 31st December 2021. The median and interquartile range (IQR) of total cost at 100 days post transplantation were calculated. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on age, gender, transplantation types, and post-transplant complications. The cost differences between subgroups were analyzed to determine whether it had an impact on the total costs.ResultsA total of 142 pediatric patients were included in the study with a total cost of 250721.78 yuan (197019.16–315740.52, 1 yuan equals to around 0.15 US dollars). Drug costs accounted for 51.85% of the total cost, followed by medical service costs (12.57%) and treatment expenses (12.24%). In terms of transplantation types, the cost of autologous transplantation was lower than that of allogeneic transplantation (115722.98 yuan vs. 256043.99 yuan, p &lt; 0.05), and the cost of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complete matched was lower compared with that of partial matched (213760.88 yuan vs. 294044.84 yuan, p &lt; 0.05). As for post-transplant complications, cases with &lt;3 types of complications cost less than those with ≥3 types (212893.25 yuan vs. 286064.60 yuan, p &lt; 0.05), and those with severity ≤ grade 2 cost less than those &gt; grade 2 (235569.37 yuan vs. 280061.58 yuan, p &lt; 0.05). Age and gender of patients did not lead to statistical differences in the total cost, while the transplantation types and post-transplant complications influenced the total cost.ConclusionThe total cost at 100 days post transplantation associated with HSCT treatment were substantial for pediatric patients. The HLA compatibility between donors and recipients, and post-transplant complications were important factors affecting the total cost.
A sustainability analysis of environmental impact, nutritional quality, and price among six popular diets
Authors: Yacoub Bach Lara , Jana Bethany E. , Adaeze Egwatu Chisom Freda , Orndorff Corey Jane , Alanakrih Rinad , Okoro Joy , Gahl Megan K. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSustainable diets and their overall impact on the environment and human health have garnered global attention. Environmental impact, human nutrition, and affordability are three relevant dimensions for assessing overall sustainability of diets. Using a relative sustainability score, we compare the Mediterranean, paleo, ketogenic, vegetarian, and vegan diets, along with the World Health Organization dietary guidelines in order to evaluate which diets are most sustainable.MethodsEnvironmental, nutrition, and price data on individual food items were collected and used to analyze diets. Using an online meal- prep program, one week's worth of meals standardized at 2,000 kilocalories per day was generated for each diet. Estimates of greenhouse gas emissions, eutrophication, land use, water withdrawals, nutritional quality, and affordability were calculated. Ultimately an overall relative sustainability score based on these metric averages were used to compare diets.ResultsOur model indicates that vegan, Mediterranean, and vegetarian diets are the most sustainable across all metrics while meat-heavy diets, such as the ketogenic diet, have the greatest negative environmental impact. A diet based on the World Health Organization's dietary guidelines performed poorly with regards to affordability, environmental impacts, and nutritional quality. Diets with higher nutritional quality included the vegan, paleo, and Mediterranean diets. Diets that eliminate meat were the cheapest both by total cost and by cost per gram of food.DiscussionDiets with the highest overall sustainability score share a common characteristic: they all suggest that consumers committed to sustainability should prioritize ‘plant-forward' diets. In contrast, diets rich in meat and animal products perform poorly overall but especially in terms of environmental sustainability.
Identifying research priorities through decision analysis: A case study for cover crops
Authors: Nichols Gina A. , MacKenzie Cameron A. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionIn Midwestern maize (Zea-mays L.)-based systems, planting an over-wintering cover crop such as rye (Secale cereale L.) following fall harvests of summer crops maintains continuous soil cover, offering numerous environmental advantages. However, while adoption of cover crops has increased over the past decade, on a landscape-scale it remains low. Identifying where agronomic research could be most impactful in increasing adoption is therefore a useful exercise. Decision analysis (DA) is a tool for clarifying decision trade-offs, quantifying risk, and identifying optimal decisions. Several fields regularly utilize DA frameworks including the military, industrial engineering, business strategy, and economics, but it is not yet widely applied in agriculture.MethodsHere we apply DA to a maize-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation using publicly available weather, management, and economic data from central Iowa.ResultsIn this region, planting a cover crop following maize (preceding soybean) poses less risk to the producer compared to planting following soybean, meaning it may be a more palatable entry point for producers. Furthermore, the risk of reduced maize yields when planting less than 14 days following rye termination substantially contributes to the overall risk cover crops pose to producers, but also has significant potential to be addressed through agronomic research.DiscussionIn addition to identifying research priorities, DA provided clarity to a complex problem, was performed using publicly available data, and by incorporating risk it better estimated true costs to the producer compared to using input costs alone. We believe DA is a valuable and underutilized tool in agronomy and could aid in increasing adoption of cover crops in the Midwest.
Saturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Production by Aurantiochytrium limacinum PKU#Mn4 on Enteromorpha Hydrolysate
Authors: He Yaodong , Zhu Xingyu , Ning Yaodong , Chen Xiaohong , Sen Biswarup , Wang Guangyi 
Published: March 2023

Thraustochytrids are unicellular marine heterotrophic protists, which have recently shown a promising ability to produce omega-3 fatty acids from lignocellulosic hydrolysates and wastewaters. Here we studied the biorefinery potential of the dilute acid-pretreated marine macroalgae (Enteromorpha) in comparison with glucose via fermentation using a previously isolated thraustochytrid strain (Aurantiochytrium limacinum PKU#Mn4). The total reducing sugars in the Enteromorpha hydrolysate accounted for 43.93% of the dry cell weight (DCW). The strain was capable of producing the highest DCW (4.32 ± 0.09 g/L) and total fatty acids (TFA) content (0.65 ± 0.03 g/L) in the medium containing 100 g/L of hydrolysate. The maximum TFA yields of 0.164 ± 0.160 g/g DCW and 0.196 ± 0.010 g/g DCW were achieved at 80 g/L of hydrolysate and 40 g/L of glucose in the fermentation medium, respectively. Compositional analysis of TFA revealed the production of equivalent fractions (% TFA) of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in hydrolysate or glucose medium. Furthermore, the strain yielded a much higher fraction (2.61–3.22%) of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) in the hydrolysate medium than that (0.25–0.49%) in the glucose medium. Overall, our findings suggest that Enteromorpha hydrolysate can be a potential natural substrate in the fermentative production of high-value fatty acids by thraustochytrids.
البُعد الاصلاحي الاجتماعي في آيات الأحكام المتعلقة بالطلاق في سورة البقرة
Authors: Jalal Yahya , Mashaqbeh Hala , Zaqzouq Nidaa , Abu Suailiq Sana 
Published: March 2023

الأهداف: يسلط هذا البحث الضوء على التوجيهات الإصلاحية الاجتماعية التي احتوت عليها الآيات القرآنية المتعلقة بموضوع الطلاق في سورة البقرة. كما سيبيّن البحث أثر هذه التوجيهات في إصلاح المجتمعات، وتجاوز الأزمات التي ترافق عادةً ظروف الطلاق.
المنهجية: المنهج المتّبَع في هذا البحث هو المنهج الاستقرائي، وذلك باستقراء الآيات الكريمة المتعلقة بموضوع الدراسة. وكذلك المنهج التحليلي الاستنباطي، وذلك بتحليل مفردات الآيات وتراكيبها، واستنباط ما فيها من أبعاد إصلاحية، وإرشادات اجتماعية.
النتائج: استخلصت الدراسة الحالية أبرز التوجيهات القرآنية التي احتوتها آيات أحكام الطلاق في سورة البقرة، وبيّنت أنها اشتملت على ضرورة بذل الجهد في إصلاح ما وقع بين الزوجين، وضرورة التزام كل طرف منهما بواجباته، وبحقوق الطرف الآخر، واشتملت كذلك على الدعوة إلى العفو والتسامح، وعدم نسيان الجميل، وأخذ القرار الحكيم، والتزام الأخلاق العالية في كافة الأحوال، وتعظيم أوامر الله، وعدم إساءة استعمالها أو استغلالها لأبعاد شخصية، وضرورة ترجمة الإيمان إلى سلوك يبِين عن صِدق صاحبه. وبيّنت الدراسة أهمية هذه التوجيهات ودورها في المحافظة على صلاح المجتمع وأمنه وتماسكه، فهي توجيهات حكيمة تناسب ظرف الطلاق الذي تكون فيه الأجواء مشحونة -غالبا- بالغضب والبغضاء، ويكون الناس بحاجة إلى التعامل معه دون انعكاسات سلبية على المجتمع.
الخلاصة: خلصت الدراسة إلى توجيه عناية الباحثين للكشف عن البعد الإصلاحي في آيات أخرى في القرآن الكريم، وخاصة آيات الأحكام والتشريع. وكذلك الاستفادة عمليا من الوصايا القرآنية في إصلاح الأسرة، وإصلاح المجتمعات عموما.
Komorbid Kardiovaskular dan Gastrointestinal pada Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Somalinggi Emmanuella E. N. A , Wantania Frans E. N. , Waleleng Bradley J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: COVID-19 patients have various clinical characteristics. Patients who come with co-morbidities are more at risk of experiencing more severe symptoms and higher risk of death. This study aimed to obtain cardiovascular and gastrointestinal comorbidities of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This was a literature review study. The literature search was performed by using ScienceDirect, PubMed and Clinical key databases with “Comorbid AND Cardiovascular AND COVID-19” and “Comorbid AND Gastrointestinal AND COVID-19” for the keywords. After searching and filtering the literatures based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally 10 literatures were determined to be reviewed. The ten literature reviews showed that COVID-19 patients had cardiovascular comorbidities including hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Gastrointestinal comorbidities found include chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel disease, diverticular disease, gastrointestinal tumors and polyps. In conclusion, patients with COVID-19 have varieties of comorbidities, and the most common one is hypertension and GERD.
Keywords: cardiovascular comorbidity; gastrointestinal comorbidity; COVID-19

Abstrak: Pasien COVID-19 memiliki karakteristik klinis yang beragam. Pasien dengan penyakit penyerta lebih berisiko mengalami gejala yang lebih berat dan risiko kematian lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komorbid kardiovaskular dan gastrointestinal dari coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode literature review. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada tiga database yaitu PubMed, ScienceDirect dan ClinicalKey dengan kata kunci “Comorbid AND Cardiovascular AND COVID-19” serta “Comorbid AND Gastrointestinal AND COVID-19”. Setelah melalui proses pencarian dan penyaringan literatur berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, akhirnya ditetapkan 10 literatur untuk ditelaah. Hasilnya sebanyak sepuluh tinjauan literatur menunjukkan pasien COVID-19 memiliki komorbid kardiovaskular antara lain hipertensi, penyakit jantung koroner (PJK), gagal jantung, dan fibrilasi atrial. Komorbid gastrointestinal yang ditemukan antara lain gastritis kronik, ulkus peptikum, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel disease, diverticular disease, tumor dan polip saluran cerna. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pasien dengan COVID-19 memiliki berbagai jenis komorbid, dan yang terutama ialah hipertensi dan GERD.
Kata kunci: komorbid kardiovaskular; komorbid gastrointestinal; COVID-19
The Amazing Carrie Menkel-Meadow and What Wins When Passions Collide
Authors: Love Lela 
Published: March 2023

Carrie Menkel-Meadow (sometimes referred to as “Carrie” herein) is famous in the dispute resolution world as one of the field’s founders. Her prolific writing on dispute resolution—negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and the variants of these major processes—evidences an unrivaled passion for the subject. A renaissance thinker, her intellectual explorations also extend to other areas such as women’s rights and restorative justice for victims of egregious wrongs.
Her multiple passions sometimes create dynamic tensions. For example, what happens if mediation norms threaten a woman’s rights? Or if mediators divert the focus of a dispute resolution process to the future, neglecting a horrific past?
This Essay, in Part II, comments on Carrie Menkel-Meadow’s career and scholarship and then, in Part III, looks at two instances where dynamic tensions arise when her quest for justice in chosen arenas collides with mediation norms. When incompatible passions collide, what prevails?
Análisis fisicoquímico de miel de tres especies de abejas en el Oriente de Honduras
Authors: Torres Mejía Fredy , Torres Mejía Juan Alexander , Bautista Cruz Marcos Donaly , Pérez Licona Elvin 
Published: March 2023

Se realizó el análisis fisicoquímico de miel de tres especies de abejas en el departamento del Paraíso, Tetragonisca angustula, Apis mellifera, y Melipona beecheii en Honduras, donde se caracterizaron los grados Brix, acidez, humedad y la densidad relativa de la miel de cada especie; según el análisis de varianza tenemos que existen diferencias significativas en las cuatro variables fisicoquímicas evaluadas en la miel de las tres especies de abejas (P <0.05), y de acuerdo al análisis de separación de medias de Duncan, se denota que los tres promedios de la miel observadas no son homogéneas a un nivel de significancia del 0.95 em las cuatro variables evaluadas. La Tetragonisca angustula es la miel más ácida con 3.26 de pH, y es la que más humedad tiene con 28.72%, además es la miel más transparente con un color claro, y denotan ausencia de espuma y cristales. La Apis mellifera tiene los grados Brix mas altos 85.603, y tiene la acidez mas baja con 3.838, por lo que la miel es más dulce, además tiene menor contenido de humedad con 13.027%, y tiene la densidad relativa más alta con 1.428, es la miel menos transparente y se denotan ausencia de espuma y cristales. En lo que corresponde a la Melipona beecheii es la miel con menor grados Brix con 68.9, y es la miel con la densidad relativa más baja, con 1.382, su aspecto es transparente oscuro, y no presenta cristales ni espuma. La apicultura de especies nativas mejora la calidad de vida de todo el ecosistema y ayuda a todos los sistemas de producción agricultura, y dado a que ha sido toda una tradición milenaria en nuestra Región, esta es parte del patrimonio biocultural de Mesoamérica.