bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the dynamics of economic growth, tourism development and environmental sustainability
Authors: Brida Juan Gabriel , Olivera Martín , Segarra Verónica 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a dynamic model of economic growth and tourism when the environmental dimension is included in the decision‐making process of the agents. In this setup, the economy can be represented by a four‐dimensional dynamic system, which admits a set of four‐dimensional optimal trajectory. Using dynamic programming tools, we aim to study the economic behaviour of a touristic economy in which environmental dimension is considered as a system's component. It is shown that there is a unique non‐trivial equilibrium of all variables. The general results of the study indicate that the variable's dynamic relationships are complex and that the growth guided by the tourism development could exist under the presence of pollution as well as the dynamic of natural resources. The main policy implication of the results is that policy makers should control the main system's variables in order to stay in a desirable path.
Establishing a disability‐specific home enteral nutrition service in a paediatric tertiary hospital: Experience and outcomes
Authors: Comito Michaela A. , Coster Keryn M. , Gilbertson Heather R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsThe provision of Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN) is a well‐established support for patients, however, significant inconsistencies in funding result in financial burden for some healthcare services across Australia. Recent government‐initiated funding changes prompted the development of a new HEN service for eligible patients with a disability, moving from a universal to more individualised approach to care.MethodsThis retrospective observational study included patients enrolled on a newly established disability‐specific HEN service at a paediatric tertiary hospital between July 2020 and February 2022 inclusive. Components of service development were explored including service model, clinical resources, information related to patient enrolments and costings for annual HEN requirements provided by dietitians. Retrospective quantitative data was collected from the Electronic Medical Record system and analysed using descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 362 patient enrolments occurred over a 21‐month period, with an average of 17 new patients having accessed the service each month. Annual HEN supports were quoted at a median cost of $13487.94 AUD (2364.97–44170.92), mostly attributable to consumable requirements. Most eligible participants chose to receive care through the new HEN service. Supports were quoted >330% higher than previous fixed price allocations, highlighting the true cost associated with HEN care. Large variation in costings may be attributed to the diversity and complexity of patients.ConclusionFunding changes presented a unique opportunity to meet pre‐existing resource deficits and enabled individualised access to HEN supports for paediatric patients with a disability.
Calibration and validation of hillslope runoff and soil loss outputs from the Water Erosion Prediction Project model in Minnesota agricultural watersheds
Authors: Kohrell Garner J. , Mulla David J. , Gelder Brian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is growing interest in studying the impact of alternative agricultural management practices on runoff and soil loss under future climate change scenarios. In order to address this interest, it is important to demonstrate that runoff and soil loss can be accurately simulated under existing climates based on comparisons between modeled and experimental results. This study calibrates and validates the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model to quantify the accuracy of predicting growing season runoff and soil erosion in agricultural hillslopes based on comparisons with experimental data from five Minnesota hydrologic unit code 12 watersheds. In order to accurately predict runoff and soil erosion in each watershed, the baseline effective hydraulic conductivity (Kbe), interrill and rill erodibility (EIR and ER), and monthly precipitation standard deviations (Pstdev) were calibrated in WEPP using observed runoff and total suspended solids data from five Minnesota Discovery Farms field sites. Before calibration, Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and percent bias (PBIAS) values for predicted versus measured monthly average total runoff (Ravg‐T), runoff ratios (RRT), and total soil loss were generally not in acceptable ranges. After calibration, the NSE values showed very good fits between measured and predicted monthly Ravg‐T (0.64–0.98), RRT (0.66–0.93), and soil loss (0.58–0.80). PBIAS values were also within acceptable ranges for Ravg‐T and RRT (±25%) and soil loss (±55%), except for RRT at site BE1. NSE and PBIAS values during validation were within acceptable ranges, except for RRT at site BE1. These findings suggest that the WEPP hillslopes calibrated in this study are sufficiently robust to accurately predict monthly runoff and soil erosion in Minnesota agricultural fields during the growing season.
One‐way endobronchial valves in the management of complex persistent air leaks in a soft tissue sarcoma patient
Authors: Fiorelli Alfonso , Cannella Lucia , Capasso Francesca , Pizzolorusso Antonio , Picozzi Feranda , Messina Gaetana , Natale Giovanni , Mercadante Edoardo , Tafuto Salvatore 
Published: August 2023

AbstractComplex persistent air leak (PAL) is a clinical condition which is difficult to treat. Herein, we report the clinical case of an 18‐year‐old woman with lung and bone metastases due an ultrarare sarcoma: “round cell sarcoma non‐Ewing”. She developed persistent air leaks due to an alveolopleural fistula which developed following two cycles of chemotherapy with doxorubicin. Chest drainage with suction failed to resolve the air leaks, while surgical treatment was unfeasible due to the poor clinical condition of the patient. Thus, she was reviewed for endoscopic treatment with one‐way endobronchial valves. A small valve was sequentially inserted within each segment of the right upper bronchus to occlude the entire upper lobe. Two days after the procedure, resolution of the air leaks were obtained. Chest drainage was removed 5 days later and the patient was discharged. Chemotherapy was resumed. The patient died 7 months later because of disease progression.
OpenSoundscape: An open‐source bioacoustics analysis package for Python
Authors: Lapp Sam , Rhinehart Tessa , Freeland‐Haynes Louis , Khilnani Jatin , Syunkova Alexandra , Kitzes Justin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Landscape‐scale bioacoustic projects have become a popular approach to biodiversity monitoring. Combining passive acoustic monitoring recordings and automated detection provides an effective means of monitoring sound‐producing species' occupancy and phenology and can lend insight into unobserved behaviours and patterns. The availability of low‐cost recording hardware has lowered barriers to large‐scale data collection, but technological barriers in data analysis remain a bottleneck for extracting biological insight from bioacoustic datasets.

We provide a robust and open‐source Python toolkit for detecting and localizing biological sounds in acoustic data.

OpenSoundscape provides access to automated acoustic detection, classification and localization methods through a simple and easy‐to‐use set of tools. Extensive documentation and tutorials provide step‐by‐step instructions and examples of end‐to‐end analysis of bioacoustic data. Here, we describe the functionality of this package and provide concise examples of bioacoustic analyses with OpenSoundscape.

By providing an interface for bioacoustic data and methods, we hope this package will lead to increased adoption of bioacoustics methods and ultimately to enhanced insights for ecology and conservation.
Short‐term dietary intervention improves endothelial dysfunction induced by high‐fat feeding in mice through upregulation of the AMPK‐CREB signaling pathway
Authors: González‐Blázquez Raquel , Gil‐Ortega Marta , Alcalá Martín , González‐Moreno Daniel , Viana Marta , Chowen Julie A. , Sanz‐Gómez Marta , Fernández‐Alfonso María S. , Somoza Beatriz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimIn addition to functioning as an energy sensor switch, AMPK plays a key role in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. However, obesity disrupts AMPK signaling, contributing to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to elucidate if a short‐term dietary intervention consisting in replacing the high‐fat diet with a standard diet for 2 weeks could reverse obesity‐induced endothelial dysfunction via AMPK‐CREB activation.MethodsFor this, 5‐week‐old male C57BL6J mice were fed a standard (Chow) or a high‐fat (HF) diet for 8 weeks. The HF diet was replaced by the chow diet for the last 2 weeks in half of HF mice, generating 3 groups: Chow, HF and HF‐Chow. Vascular reactivity and western‐blot assays were performed in the thoracic aorta.ResultsReturning to a chow diet significantly reduced body weight and glucose intolerance. Relaxant responses to acetylcholine and the AMPK activator (AICAR) were significantly impaired in HF mice but improved in HF‐Chow mice. The protein levels of AMPKα, p‐CREB and antioxidant systems (heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) and catalase) were significantly reduced in HF but normalized in HF‐Chow mice.ConclusionImproving dietary intake by replacing a HF diet with a standard diet improves AMPK‐mediated responses due to the upregulation of the AMPK/CREB/HO‐1 signaling pathway.
Drug‐induced Sweet's syndrome: A case/non‐case study in the French pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Martin Salomé , Trenque Thierry , Herlem Emmanuelle , Boulay Charlène , Pizzoglio Véronique , Azzouz Brahim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsSweet's syndrome is an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis first described in 1964 by Robert Douglas Sweet. The pathophysiological mechanism is not fully established; however, several cases of Sweet's syndrome have been reported following drug administration.MethodsTo investigate the existence of pharmacovigilance signals between drugs and the occurrence of Sweet's syndrome, we performed a case/non‐case study on reports of ‘acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis’ registered in the French pharmacovigilance database. Reporting odds ratio (ROR) with its 95% confidence interval were calculated.ResultsAmongthe 994 789 reports recorded in the database, 136 were Sweet's syndrome, of which 50.7% were men and the median age was 59 years (range 15–91). A total of 224 drugs were mentioned as suspects: 21.0% were antibacterials, 19.2% were antineoplastics and 12.1% were immunosuppressants. Median time to onset from drug initiation to the development of Sweet's syndrome was 15 days (range 1–1095). The highest RORs were observed with bortezomib (74.04 [40.8–134.2]), azacitidine (72.14 [29.4–176.9]), perfilgrastim (67.05 [21.2–211.6]), azathioprine (55.46 [34.8–88.4]) and bendamustine (35.84 [11.4–112.8]).ConclusionsPharmacovigilance signals have been observed between the occurrence of Sweet's syndrome and colony‐stimulating factors, immunosuppressants, antineoplastics and antibiotics. Clinicians should be aware of the potential associations with these drugs and should be encouraged to report any case of drug‐induced Sweet's syndrome.
Pathogenic variants in SOX11 mimicking Pitt‐Hopkins syndrome phenotype
Authors: Pasquetti Domizia , L'Erario Federica Francesca , Marangi Giuseppe , Panfili Arianna , Chiurazzi Pietro , Sonnini Elena , Orteschi Daniela , Alfieri Paolo ,   TUDP Study Group, Morleo Manuela , Nigro Vincenzo , Zollino Marcella 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPitt‐Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by severe intellectual disability (ID), distinctive facial features and autonomic nervous system dysfunction, caused by TCF4 haploinsufficiency. We clinically diagnosed with PTHS a 14 6/12‐year‐old female, who had a normal status of TCF4. The pathogenic c.667del (p.Asp223MetfsTer45) variant in SOX11 was identified through whole exome sequencing (WES). SOX11 variants were initially reported to cause Coffin‐Siris syndrome (CSS), characterised by growth restriction, moderate ID, coarse face, hypertrichosis and hypoplastic nails. However, recent studies have provided evidence that they give rise to a distinct neurodevelopmental disorder. To date, SOX11 variants are associated with a variable phenotype, which has been described to resemble CSS in some cases, but never PTHS. By reviewing both clinically and genetically 32 out of 82 subjects reported in the literature with SOX11 variants, for whom detailed information are provided, we found that 7/32 (22%) had a clinical presentation overlapping PTHS. Furthermore, we made a confirmation that overall SOX11 abnormalities feature a distinctive disorder characterised by severe ID, high incidence of microcephaly and low frequency of congenital malformations. Purpose of the present report is to enhance the role of clinical genetics in assessing the individual diagnosis after WES results.
Colorectal cancer incidence trends by tumour location among adults of screening‐age in England: a population‐based study
Authors: Granger Sam. P. , Preece Ryan. A. D. , Thomas Michael. G. , Dixon Steven. W. , Chambers Adam. C. , Messenger David. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimProximal and distal colorectal cancers (CRCs) exhibit different clinical, molecular and biological patterns. The aim of this study was to determine temporal trends in the age‐standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of proximal and distal CRC following the introduction of the English Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) in 2006.MethodThe National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service database was used to identify incident cases of CRC among adults of screening age (60–74 years) between 2001 and 2017. ASIRs were calculated using the European Standard Population 2013 and incidence trends analysed by anatomical subsite (proximal, caecum to descending colon; distal, sigmoid to rectum), sex and Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) quintile using Joinpoint regression software.ResultsBetween 2001 and 2017, 541 515 incident cases of CRC were diagnosed [236 167 proximal (43.6%) and 305 348 distal (56.4%)]. A marginal reduction in the proximal ASIR was noted from 2008 [annual percentage change (APC) −1.4% (95% CI −2.0% to −0.9%)] compared with a greater reduction in distal ASIR from 2011 to 2014 [APC −6.6% (95% CI −11.5% to −1.5%)] which plateaued thereafter [APC −0.5% (95% CI −3.2% to 2.2%)]. Incidence rates decreased more rapidly in men than women. Adults in IMD quintiles 4–5 experienced the greatest reduction in distal tumours [APC −3.5% (95% CI −4.3% to −2.7%)].ConclusionFollowing the introduction of the English BCSP, the incidence of CRC has subsequently reduced among adults of screening age, with this trend being most pronounced in distal tumours and in men. There is also evidence of a reduction in the deprivation gap for distal tumour incidence. Strategies to improve the detection of proximal tumours are warranted.
From diagnosis of colorectal cancer to diagnosis of Lynch syndrome: The RM Partners quality improvement project
Authors: Monje‐Garcia Laura , Bill Timothy , Farthing Lindsay , Hill Nate , Kipps Emma , Brady Angela F. , Kemp Zoe , Snape Katie , Myers Alistair , Abulafi Muti , Monahan Kevin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThe UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline DG27 recommends universal testing for Lynch syndrome (LS) in all newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, DG27 guideline implementation varies significantly by geography. This quality improvement project (QIP) was developed to measure variation and deliver an effective diagnostic pathway from diagnosis of CRC to diagnosis of LS within the RM Partners (RMP) West London cancer alliance.MethodRM Partners includes a population of 4 million people and incorporates nine CRC multidisciplinary teams (MDTs), overseen by a Pathway Group, and three regional genetic services, managing approximately 1500 new CRC cases annually. A responsible LS champion was nominated within each MDT. A regional project manager and nurse practitioner were appointed to support the LS champions, to develop online training packages and patient consultation workshops. MDTs were supported to develop an ‘in‐house’ mainstreaming service to offer genetic testing in their routine oncology clinics. Baseline data were collected through completion of the LS pathway audit of the testing pathway in 30 consecutive CRC patients from each CRC MDT, with measurement of each step of the testing pathway. Areas for improvement in each MDT were identified, delivered by the local champion and supported by the project team.ResultsOverall, QIP measurables improved following the intervention. The Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed significant differences with strong effect sizes on the percentile of CRC cases undergoing mismatch repair (MMR) testing in endoscopic biopsies (p = 0.008), further testing with either methylation or BRAF V600E (p = 0/03) and in effective referral for genetic testing (from 10% to 74%; p = 0.02). During the QIP new mainstreaming services were developed, alongside the implementation of systematic and robust testing pathways. These pathways were tailored to the needs of each CRC team to ensure that patients with a diagnosis of CRC had access to testing for LS. Online training packages were produced which remain freely accessible for CRC teams across the UK.ConclusionThe LS project was completed by April 2022. We have implemented a systematic approach with workforce transformation to facilitate identification and ‘mainstreamed’ genetic diagnosis of LS. This work has contributed to the development of a National LS Transformation Project in England which recommends local leadership within cancer teams to ensure delivery of diagnosis of LS and integration of genomics into clinical practice.
Evaluating the prevalence of current hepatitis C infection and treatment among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples who inject drugs in Australia: The ETHOS engage study
Authors: Hobday Steven , Valerio Heather , Combo Troy , Monaghan Robert , Scott Clarke , Silk David , Murray Carolyn , Read Phillip , Henderson Charles , Degenhardt Louisa , Treloar Carla , Dore Gregory J. , Grebely Jason , Martinello Marianne ,   the ETHOS Engage Study Group
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionEvaluating progress towards hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is critical given the disproportionate burden of infection. We examined factors associated with current HCV infection and self‐reported treatment among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter referred to as Aboriginal peoples) and non‐Aboriginal peoples who inject drugs (PWID) in Australia.MethodsETHOS Engage is an observational cohort study of PWID attending drug treatment and needle and syringe programs in Australia. Participants underwent point‐of‐care HCV RNA testing (Xpert HCV RNA Viral Load Fingerstick) and completed a questionnaire including self‐reported history of HCV treatment.ResultsBetween May 2018 and June 2021, 2395 participants were enrolled and 555 (23%) identified as Aboriginal (median age 42 years, 58% were men, 63% injected drugs in last month, 76% ever incarcerated). HCV RNA prevalence was 23% among Aboriginal PWID (24% in 2018–2019 and 21% in 2019–2021; p = 0.44), and 21% among non‐Aboriginal PWID (24% in 2018–2019 and 16% in 2019–2021; p < 0.001). Self‐reported HCV treatment was 65% among Aboriginal PWID (63% in 2018–2019 and 69% in 2019–2021; p = 0.30), and 70% among non‐Aboriginal PWID (67% in 2018–2019 and 75% in 2019–2021; p < 0.001). Among Aboriginal PWID, current HCV infection was associated with recently injecting drugs and receiving opioid agonist treatment, and self‐reported HCV treatment was negatively associated with younger age, homelessness and recently injecting drugs.Discussion and ConclusionsEquitable access to HCV care and prevention is needed to ensure Australia meets its elimination targets among Aboriginal PWID.
Do job aspirations cause job choice? Insights from women entering male‐dominated occupational training in India
Authors: Sahai Garima 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMotivationThe participation rate of women in India's labour force is not only one of the lowest in the world, it has also been declining. To increase women's employment, some observers argue for reducing occupational gender segregation so that more women enter non‐traditional jobs.PurposeI ask how aspirations for non‐traditional jobs are formed among young women in Delhi. The aim was to enable policy‐makers to foster occupational aspirations for non‐traditional jobs so women could enter jobs considered to be men's work, reducing gender segregation and increasing women's participation in the labour market.Methods and approachI interviewed 72 young women from low‐income households in Delhi, following a semi‐structured guide. These young women were training either in jobs seen as the preserve of men—taxi drivers, electricians, and electronics mechanics—or in traditionally female work in beauty salons.FindingsContrary to conventional wisdom, young women's entry into non‐traditional training in Delhi was not a result of their occupational aspirations. Rather, entry into training saw them aspire to the jobs for which they trained.Policy implicationsTo increase women's entry into jobs dominated by men, policy‐makers do not need to influence young women's occupational aspirations. Instead, they should focus on factors that directly affect job entry—for example, having training centres close to where these young women live—and provide opportunities for young women to train.Traditional concepts of occupational aspirations, generally derived from the global North, do not apply in the same way to young women in India. My study raises questions about these conceptions of aspirations and prompts future studies to assess whether they apply in other parts of the global South.
A Designer's Journey of Writing — Reimagining Design: Unlocking Strategic Innovation
Authors: Bethune Kevin 
Published: August 2023

It was my chance to reflect on a multidisciplinary career and leave an indelible fingerprint of perspective that could hopefully serve others in their creative pursuits.Never imagining he'd write a book, along the way he discovered he had a unique perspective to communicate as a Black man at the intersection of design, business, and technology.