bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial–temporal distribution of maxillofacial injuries resulting from intimate partner violence against women
Authors: Bernardino Ítalo de Macedo , da Nóbrega Lorena Marques , de Souza Larissa Trajano , Ribeiro Monteiro de Figueiredo Tayná , Massoni Andreza Cristina de Lima Targino , d'Ávila Sérgio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground/AimMaxillofacial trauma resulting from intimate partner violence (IPV) represents an important oral health problem. In this sense, the aim of this study was to investigate the spatial–temporal distribution of maxillofacial trauma resulting from IPV against women, using a geostatistical approach.Materials and MethodsAn ecological study was carried out including the analysis of confirmed IPV cases against women treated at a Center for Forensic Medicine and Dentistry over a four‐year observation period, as well as the evaluation of population data from the victims' places of residence extracted from the last demographic census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Statistical analysis included: (i) finite mixture modeling to establish incidence trajectory patterns; (ii) Getis‐Ord indicator (Gi*) for spatial autocorrelation; (iii) spatial regression analysis (p < .05).ResultsTwo distinct trajectory patterns (TP1 and TP2) related to IPV incidence were identified using finite mixture modeling, suggesting spatial–temporal disparities at the regional level. In TP1, it was observed that IPV incidence was relatively low and remained stable over time, covering almost two‐thirds (62.0%) of investigated spatial units. TP2 was characterized by higher IPV incidence with a tendency to increase in the last year, including more than one‐third of neighborhoods (38.0%). Autocorrelation analysis showed a predominance of hot areas (hotspots) in the Eastern zone (p < .05) and in the Western zone (p < .05); and cold areas (coldspots) in the Northern zone (p < .05). In addition, statistically significant association was observed among neighborhoods with higher percentage of households with family householder without income and higher incidence of maxillofacial trauma resulting from IPV against women (β = 5.305; SE = 1.741; p = .002).ConclusionsThe findings indicate an association between higher IPV incidence against women, maxillofacial trauma, and socio‐spatial vulnerability.
A role for the fornix in temporal sequence memory
Authors: Read Marie‐Lucie , Umla‐Runge Katja , Lawrence Andrew D. , Costigan Alison G. , Hsieh Liang‐Tien , Chamberland Maxime , Ranganath Charan , Graham Kim S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConverging evidence from studies of human and nonhuman animals suggests that the hippocampus contributes to sequence learning by using temporal context to bind sequentially occurring items. The fornix is a white matter pathway containing the major input and output pathways of the hippocampus, including projections from medial septum and to diencephalon, striatum, lateral septum and prefrontal cortex. If the fornix meaningfully contributes to hippocampal function, then individual differences in fornix microstructure might predict sequence memory. Here, we tested this prediction by performing tractography in 51 healthy adults who had undertaken a sequence memory task. Microstructure properties of the fornix were compared with those of tracts connecting medial temporal lobe regions but not predominantly the hippocampus: the Parahippocampal Cingulum bundle (PHC) (conveying retrosplenial projections to parahippocampal cortex) and the Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus (ILF) (conveying occipital projections to perirhinal cortex). Using principal components analysis, we combined Free‐Water Elimination Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging measures obtained from multi‐shell diffusion MRI into two informative indices: the first (PC1) capturing axonal packing/myelin and the second (PC2) capturing microstructural complexity. We found a significant correlation between fornix PC2 and implicit reaction‐time indices of sequence memory, indicating that greater fornix microstructural complexity is associated with better sequence memory. No such relationship was found with measures from the PHC and ILF. This study highlights the importance of the fornix in aiding memory for objects within a temporal context, potentially reflecting a role in mediating inter‐regional communication within an extended hippocampal system.
Parkinson disease following COVID‐19: Report of six cases
Authors: Calculli Alessandra , Bocci Tommaso , Porcino Mattia , Avenali Micol , Casellato Chiara , Arceri Sebastiano , Regalbuto Simone , Priori Alberto , Pisani Antonio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeCore clinical manifestations of COVID‐19 include influenza‐like and respiratory symptoms. However, it is now evident that neurological involvement may occur during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, covering an extensive spectrum of phenotypical manifestations. A major challenge arising from this pandemic is represented by detecting emerging neurological complications following recovery from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. To date, a few post‐COVID‐19‐infected subjects diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD) have been described, raising the possibility of a connection between the infection and neurodegenerative processes. Here, we describe a case series of six subjects who developed PD after COVID‐19.MethodsPatients were observed at Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care Mondino Foundation Hospital, Pavia (Italy), and San Paolo University Hospital of Milan (Italy) between March 2021 and June 2022. In all subjects, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was confirmed by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction from a nasopharyngeal swab. Subjects underwent an accurate neurological evaluation, and neuroimaging studies were performed.ResultsWe describe six subjects who developed PD with an average time window after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection of 4–7 weeks. Apparently, no relationship with COVID‐19 severity emerged, and no overt structural brain abnormalities were found. All subjects experienced unilateral resting tremor at onset and showed a satisfactory response to dopaminergic treatment.ConclusionsImmune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection have been shown to shape the individual susceptibility to develop long‐term consequences. We hypothesize that, in these subjects, COVID‐19 has unmasked a latent neurodegenerative process. Characterization of the neuroinflammatory signatures in larger cohorts is warranted, which might provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of PD.
Long COVID: Does SARS‐CoV‐2 induce lingering brain lesions?
Authors: Hugon Jacques 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHundreds of millions of COVID cases have been reported so far and long‐term lingering clinical symptoms are frequent and are called long COVID. Neurological signs including cognitive complaints are often described in long Covid. In COVID patients, the Sars‐Cov‐2 virus can reach the brain and could be responsible for cerebral anomalies observed in long COVID. Long‐term careful clinical follow‐up of these patients is necessary to detect early signs of neurodegeneration.
Animal models and human tissue compared to better understand and treat the epilepsies
Authors: Milior Giampaolo , Morin‐Brureau Mélanie , Pallud Johan , Miles Richard , Huberfeld Gilles 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnimal models of human brain disorders permit researchers to explore disease mechanisms and to test potential therapies. However, therapeutic molecules derived from animal models often translate poorly to the clinic. Although human data may be more relevant, experiments on patients are constrained, and living tissue is unavailable for many disorders. Here, we compare work on animal models and on human tissue for three epileptic syndromes where human tissue is excised therapeutically: (1) acquired temporal lobe epilepsies, (2) inherited epilepsies associated with cortical malformations, and (3) peritumoral epilepsies. Animal models rest on assumed equivalencies between human brains and brains of mice, the most frequently used model animal. We ask how differences between mouse and human brains could influence models. General principles and compromises in model construction and validation are examined for a range of neurological diseases. Models may be judged on how well they predict novel therapeutic molecules or new mechanisms. The efficacy and safety of new molecules are evaluated in clinical trials. We judge new mechanisms by comparing data from work on animal models with data from work on patient tissue. In conclusion, we stress the need to cross‐verify findings from animal models and from living human tissue to avoid the assumption that mechanisms are identical.
Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy: Neurophysiological investigations
Authors: Dubbioso Raffaele , Suppa Antonio , Tijssen Marina A. J. , Ikeda Akio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFamilial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) also described as benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME) is a high‐penetrant autosomal dominant condition featuring cortical myoclonus of varying frequency and occasional/rare convulsive seizures. In this update we provide a detailed overview of the main neurophysiological findings so far reported in patients with FAME/BAFME. After reviewing the diagnostic contribution of each neurophysiological technique, we discuss the possible mechanisms underlying cortical hyperexcitability and suggest the involvement of more complex circuits engaging cortical and subcortical structures, such as the cerebellum. We, thus, propose that FAME/BAFME clinical features should arise from an “abnormal neuronal network activity,” where the cerebellum represents a possible common denominator. In the last part of the article, we suggest that future neurophysiological studies using more advanced transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols could be used to evaluate the functional connectivity between the cerebellum and cortical structures. Finally, non‐invasive brain stimulation techniques such as repetitive TMS or transcranial direct current stimulation could be assessed as potential therapeutic tools to ameliorate cortical excitability.
Attenuation of initial pilocarpine‐induced electrographic seizures by methionine sulfoximine pretreatment tightly correlates with the reduction of extracellular taurine in the hippocampus
Authors: Pawlik Marek , Czarnecka Anna Maria , Kołodziej Marcin , Skowrońska Katarzyna , Węgrzynowicz Michał , Podgajna Martyna , Czuczwar Stanisław Jerzy , Albrecht Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveInitiation and development of early seizures by chemical stimuli is associated with brain cell swelling resulting in edema of seizure‐vulnerable brain regions. We previously reported that pretreatment with a nonconvulsive dose of glutamine (Gln) synthetase inhibitor methionine sulfoximine (MSO) mitigates the intensity of initial pilocarpine (Pilo)‐induced seizures in juvenile rats. We hypothesized that MSO exerts its protective effect by preventing the seizure‐initiating and seizure‐propagating increase of cell volume. Taurine (Tau) is an osmosensitive amino acid, whose release reflects increased cell volume. Therefore, we tested whether the poststimulus rise of amplitude of Pilo‐induced electrographic seizures and their attenuation by MSO are correlated with the release of Tau from seizure‐affected hippocampus.MethodsLithium‐pretreated animals were administered MSO (75 mg/kg ip) 2.5 h before the induction of convulsions by Pilo (40 mg/kg ip). Electroencephalographic (EEG) power was analyzed during 60 min post‐Pilo, at 5‐min intervals. Extracellular accumulation of Tau (eTau) served as a marker of cell swelling. eTau, extracellular Gln (eGln), and extracellular glutamate (eGlu) were assayed in the microdialysates of the ventral hippocampal CA1 region collected at 15‐min intervals during the whole 3.5‐h observation period.ResultsThe first EEG signal became apparent at ~10 min post‐Pilo. The EEG amplitude across most frequency bands peaked at ~40 min post‐Pilo, and showed strong (r ~ .72–.96) temporal correlation with eTau, but no correlation with eGln or eGlu. MSO pretreatment delayed the first EEG signal in Pilo‐treated rats by ~10 min, and depressed the EEG amplitude across most frequency bands, to values that remained strongly correlated with eTau (r > .92) and moderately correlated (r ~ −.59) with eGln, but not with eGlu.SignificanceStrong correlation between attenuation of Pilo‐induced seizures and Tau release indicates that the beneficial effect of MSO is due to the prevention of cell volume increase concurrent with the onset of seizures.
A novel approach to detect fraud in Ethereum transactions using stacking
Authors: Md Abdul Quadir , Narayanan S. M. Satya Sree , Sabireen H. , Sivaraman Arun Kumar , Tee Kong Fah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEver since Ether is launched as a digital currency, its rise has been rapid. It is currently the second most valuable digital currency in the world. There are more than 1 million transactions happening on the Ethereum network every day, and this number is expected to continue to increase. Due to the increasing number of transactions, fraudulent transactions have also increased, which has resulted in a large amount of money being lost and has also destroyed the livelihoods of many individuals. Due to their similarity to valid transactions, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between them. Additionally, Ethereum's pseudo‐anonymity adds to the difficulty of identifying the parties involved. Since there are millions of transactions every day, it would be difficult to manually verify each one. Therefore, a mechanism for validating these transactions is needed. In this context, this paper proposes a novel approach to detecting fraudulent accounts associated with these transactions by implementing machine learning algorithms among the given set of transactions. We propose a framework for creating a stacking classifier by combining several standalone classification algorithms and creating a meta‐learner based on the output of each base algorithm. The algorithms include Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Decision Trees, Random Forests, AdaBoosts, KNNs, SVMs, and Gradient Boosts. As a result of combining these algorithms, a powerful classifier with the ability to detect fraudulent transactions. A variety of machine learning models were trained and evaluated on the test set using various metrics. Based on the results of the individual algorithm the Random Forest algorithm achieved the highest accuracy of 95.47%, followed by Gradient Boosting at 94.61% which is an ensemble algorithm using the boosting technique. The Stacking classifier that combines Multinomial Naive Bayes and Random Forest as the base learners and logistic regression as the Meta learner achieved the highest accuracy of 97.18% with an F1 score of 97.02%. Based on the results of all the stacking models developed, it is concluded that algorithms tend to perform better when combined properly. When compared to the other approaches, the proposed approach has outperformed the others, making it feasible in the real world to detect fraudulent transactions.
Do couples who play together stay together? A longitudinal dyadic examination of shared leisure, financial distress, and relationship outcomes
Authors: Totenhagen Casey J. , Li Xiaomin , Wilmarth Melissa J. , Archuleta Kristy L. , Yorgason Jeremy B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe examined whether shared leisure offers protection against negative associations between financial distress and relationship quality (satisfaction and commitment) for lower‐ and higher‐income couples. We expected husbands' and wives' reports of shared leisure would be protective of the effects of financial distress (Time 2) on relationship satisfaction (Time 3) and commitment (Time 4) for higher‐income couples (but not lower‐income couples). Participants were drawn from a nationally representative, longitudinal study of US newly married couples. The analytic sample included both members of 1382 different‐gender couples with data across the three sampled waves of data collection. Shared leisure was largely protective of the effects of financial distress on husbands' commitment for higher‐income couples. For lower‐income couples, higher shared leisure exacerbated this effect. These effects were only found at extreme levels of household income and shared leisure. When considering if couples who play together stay together, our findings suggest that it can, but it is critical to understand the financial situation of the couple and the resources they may have to support shared leisure activities. Professionals working with couples should consider their financial situation when making recommendation to engage in shared leisure, such as going out for recreation.
Daily implementation of health‐protective behaviors and family life during the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Bai Sunhye , Tornello Samantha L. , Mogle Jacqueline A. , Feinberg Mark E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has necessitated the use of health‐protective behaviors (HPB), such as social distancing, staying at home, frequent handwashing, and wearing facemasks to mitigate the transmission of disease. An investigation of interpersonal costs associated with the use of HPB can help inform strategies to promote their sustained implementation. This study examined the daily associations between the implementation of HPB and family functioning and assessed moderation by coparenting quality, economic strain, and the number of days that state‐level stay‐at‐home policies had been in effect, during the early days of the pandemic. Mothers and fathers from 155 families with children who were 9 years old, on average, completed daily reports of HPB, parental stress, and family relationship quality over eight consecutive days in April or May of 2020. Hierarchal linear models showed that HPB was associated with increased levels of parental stress and interparental conflict. Negative coparenting relations exacerbated the next‐day association between HPB and interparental conflict. HPB was also associated with increased levels of parent–child and interparental closeness, but these linkages dissipated for families who had spent more days under state‐level stay‐at‐home policies. Although crucial for public health, the implementation of HPB may have detrimental short‐term effects on daily family life. Family support and interventions are necessary to minimize the psychosocial burden of these important public health measures and increase their sustained adherence.
From remotely‐sensed solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence to ecosystem structure, function, and service: Part II—Harnessing data
Authors: Sun Ying , Wen Jiaming , Gu Lianhong , Joiner Joanna , Chang Christine Y. , van der Tol Christiaan , Porcar‐Castell Albert , Magney Troy , Wang Lixin , Hu Leiqiu , Rascher Uwe , Zarco‐Tejada Pablo , Barrett Christopher B. , Lai Jiameng , Han Jimei , Luo Zhenqi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough our observing capabilities of solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) have been growing rapidly, the quality and consistency of SIF datasets are still in an active stage of research and development. As a result, there are considerable inconsistencies among diverse SIF datasets at all scales and the widespread applications of them have led to contradictory findings. The present review is the second of the two companion reviews, and data oriented. It aims to (1) synthesize the variety, scale, and uncertainty of existing SIF datasets, (2) synthesize the diverse applications in the sector of ecology, agriculture, hydrology, climate, and socioeconomics, and (3) clarify how such data inconsistency superimposed with the theoretical complexities laid out in (Sun et al., 2023) may impact process interpretation of various applications and contribute to inconsistent findings. We emphasize that accurate interpretation of the functional relationships between SIF and other ecological indicators is contingent upon complete understanding of SIF data quality and uncertainty. Biases and uncertainties in SIF observations can significantly confound interpretation of their relationships and how such relationships respond to environmental variations. Built upon our syntheses, we summarize existing gaps and uncertainties in current SIF observations. Further, we offer our perspectives on innovations needed to help improve informing ecosystem structure, function, and service under climate change, including enhancing in‐situ SIF observing capability especially in “data desert” regions, improving cross‐instrument data standardization and network coordination, and advancing applications by fully harnessing theory and data.
Rubidium Isotope Ratios of International Geological Reference Materials
Authors: Zhang Zhuoying , Ma Jinlong , Zhang Le , Liu Ying , Wei Gangjian 
Published: February 2023

In this study we determined rubidium isotope ratios in twenty‐one commonly used international geological reference materials, including igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, as well as an IAPSO seawater reference material. All δ87Rb results were obtained relative to the NIST SRM 984 reference material. For most reference materials, Rb was purified using a single column loaded with Sr‐spec resin. For reference materials containing low Rb but high mass fractions of matrix elements (such as basic rock and seawater), Rb was purified using two‐column chromatography, with the first column packed with AGMP‐50 resin and the second column packed with Sr‐spec resin. Two methods for instrumental mass bias correction, sample‐standard bracketing (SSB) mode, and the combined sample‐standard bracketing and Zr internal normalisation (C‐SSBIN) method, were compared for Rb isotopic measurements by multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (MC‐ICP‐MS). The long‐term reproducibility of Rb isotopic measurements using both methods was similar, better than 0.06‰ (2s, standard deviation) for NIST SRM 984. Significant Rb isotopic fractionation was observed among the reference materials, with an overall variation in δ87Rb values of approximately 0.5‰. The δ87Rb values of igneous rocks ranged from ‐0.28‰ to +0.06‰, showing a trend from heavier isotopic compositions in mafic rocks to lighter δ87Rb values in the more evolved felsic rocks. The sedimentary and metamorphic rocks had Rb isotope ratios similar to those of igneous rocks. The δ87Rb values of the reference materials related to low‐temperature geological processes showed a wider range than those of high‐temperature processes. Notably, the IAPSO seawater reference material had a δ87Rb value of +0.14‰, which deviated from that of igneous rocks, and represents the heaviest reservoir of Rb isotopes found thus far on Earth. The comprehensive dataset presented here has the potential to serve for quality assurance purposes, and provide a framework for interlaboratory comparisons of Rb isotope ratios.