bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EquiPrEP: An implementation science protocol for promoting equitable access and uptake of long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI-PrEP)
Authors: Kaul Christina M. , Moore Brandi E. , Kaplan-Lewis Emma , Casey Eunice , Pitts Robert A. , Pagan Pirallo Patricia , Lim Sahnah , Kapadia Farzana , Cohen Gabriel M. , Khan Maria , Mgbako Ofole 
Published: September 2023

Background
Long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI-PrEP) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in December 2021. This initial phase of implementation represents a prime opportunity to ensure equitable LAI-PrEP provision to communities often underrepresented in PrEP care before disparities in access and uptake emerge. Herein, we describe the EquiPrEP Project which utilizes an equity-oriented implementation science framework to optimize LAI-PrEP rollout in an urban safety-net clinic in New York City.

Methods
The primary objectives of this project are to: (1) increase LAI-PrEP initiation overall; (2) increase uptake among groups disproportionately impacted by the HIV epidemic; (3) preserve high PrEP retention while expanding use; and (4) identify barriers and facilitators to LAI-PrEP use. EquiPrEP will enroll 210 PrEP-eligible participants into LAI-PrEP care with planned follow-up for one year. We will recruit from the following priority populations: Black and/or Latine men who have sex with men, Black and/or Latine cisgender women, and transgender women and nonbinary individuals. To evaluate implementation of LAI-PrEP, we will utilize equity-focused iterations of the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), in addition to longitudinal surveys and qualitative interviews.

Discussion
Novel LAI-PrEP formulations carry tremendous potential to revolutionize the field of HIV prevention. Implementation strategies rooted in equity are needed to ensure that marginalized populations have access to LAI-PrEP and to address the structural factors that hinder initiation and retention in care.
Assessing social needs among patients with cardiovascular and psychiatric comorbidities in free community health clinics
Authors: Haddad David , Jasty Venkata Sai , Ref Jacob , Hsu Paul , Lebensohn Patricia , Tan Tze-Woei 
Published: September 2023

Background
Community-related health assessments have been shown to improve several outcomes in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations with comorbid chronic health conditions. However, while it is recognized that modifiable social determinant of health (SDH) factors might be responsible for up to 60% of preventable deaths, it is not yet standard of care to routinely screen and address these at preventive health appointments. The objective of this study was to identify the social needs of socioeconomically disadvantaged patients.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of the socioeconomic screening questionnaires distributed to under- and uninsured patients seen at a medical student-run free primary care-based community clinic. This study included participants of all ages (0 and up), genders, languages, and ethnicities who filled out the social screening questionnaire. Socioeconomic screening questionnaires assessed the need for critical resources such as food, housing, utilities, finances, transportation, childcare, employment, education, legal support, companionship, health literacy, and community assistance. The primary study outcome was to identify unmet social needs of our medical student-run free clinic patients. We secondarily sought to identify associations between these needs and chronic health conditions. We hypothesized that patients with multiple chronic health problems and financial stressors would have the highest requests for resources.

Results
Our retrospective review identified 264 uninsured participants who were evaluated for social needs using a screening questionnaire. Participants who reported unmet social needs had significantly more cardiovascular risk factors than those who did not. Cardiovascular comorbidities and a history of psychiatric illness were the two most common medical problems significantly associated with several unmet social needs.

Conclusion
This study provides support for the preemptive identification and appropriate management of physical, mental, and social care to improve disproportionate disparities in long-term health outcomes.
A sex-specific association of leukocyte telomere length with thigh muscle mass
Authors: Hassler Eva Maria , Almer Gunter , Reishofer Gernot , Deutschmann Hannes , Mangge Harald , Herrmann Markus , Leber Stefan L. , Gunzer Felix , Langsenlehner Tanja , Renner Wilfried 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Telomeres are DNA–protein complexes at the ends of linear chromosomes that protect against DNA degradation. Telomeres shorten during normal cell divisions and therefore, telomere length is an indicator of mitotic-cell age. In humans, telomere shortening is a potential biomarker for disease risk, progression and premature death. Physical activity has been associated with longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in some studies. In the current study the relationship between LTL, thigh muscle mass and adipose tissue distribution was explored.

Methods
We performed anthropometric measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of the thigh in 149 healthy subjects (77 male, 72 female). LTL was measured using qPCR. Additionally, the subjects answered a questionnaire concerning their training behaviour.

Results
In male subjects, LTL was significantly associated with thigh muscle mass, independent of age and body mass index (p=0.006). In addition, a slight association of LTL with weekly endurance units in the male group was found. These relations could not be observed in females.

Conclusions
In conclusion, we observed a sex-specific association of LTL and thigh muscle mass in healthy males. The reason of this sex-specific association is currently unclear, but could be related to different training effects and/or hormonal pathways in men and women.
Antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglaucoma, and anticholinergic effects of Tayfi grape (Vitis vinifera): A phytochemical screening by LC-MS/MS analysis
Authors: Karageçili Hasan , İzol Ebubekir , Kireçci Ekrem , Gülçin İlhami 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Grapes (Vitis vinifera), grape extracts, and grape products are known to possess beneficial effects. Antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition activities of Tayfi grape (Vitis vinifera) extracts were studied and compared to standards. The IC50 values of the ethanol extract of the Tayfi grape’s scavenging abilities for ABTS˙+ and DPPH˙ radicals were found to be 5.9 and 16.1 μg/mL, respectively, higher than those of positive controls. Also, the phenolic and flavonoid ingredients of the Tayfi grape seed ethanol extract were measured to be 82.8 mg GAE/g and 91 mg QE/g. The Tayfi grape seed water and ethanol extracts exhibited IC50 values of 5.3 and 5.8 μg/mL toward α-glycosidase, respectively; 385.2 and 567.6 μg/mL toward α-amylase; 27.1 and 13.8 μg/mL toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE); and 54.7 and 12.6 μg/mL toward CA II. Twenty-two biomolecules were detected by LC-MS/MS. The four types of conventional antibiotics utilized by hospitals proved ineffective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The Tayfi grape ethanol and water extracts had high AChE, α-glycosidase, and CA II inhibitions in addition to having antioxidant activity. The use of Tayfi grape extracts for pharmacological purposes in individuals with the diseases mentioned above can be sustained by clinical pharmacology studies.
An improved method for monitoring the junction temperature of 1200V / 50A IGBT modules used in power conversion systems
Authors: Lamuadni Badredine , Ouabida Elhoussaine , Malki Mounia , Zejli Driss , El Bouayadi Rachid 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is one of the most used devices for high-power-density and high-voltage applications such as wind turbines, electric vehicles, and smart grids. However, the field of IGBT research is still in its infancy owing to the failures that can happen to the module due to its temperature rise. Hence, the junction temperature T
j measurement of the active region is essential for analyzing and predicting the degradation state of the IGBT device. In this paper, an overall study, including uses of the governing thermal equation to estimate the junction temperature T
j, experimental analysis of the IGBT component during operation, and a numerical finite element (FE) study, was conducted. The thermal management FE model is conducted to predict temperature variation along time and heat spreading inside the IGBT layers. To investigate the material’s properties and structure change during operation impacting the junction temperature, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy X-ray dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were performed on the IGBT power module. Results were used to interpret the difference between the experimental and the predicted temperature values. For effectiveness validation purposes, results obtained from the proposed FE model are compared with the results of the experimental thermo-sensitive electrical parameters (TSEP) method. Good agreement was found between the experiment and the proposed FE model.
The effect of collaborative prewriting on L2 collaborative writing production and individual L2 writing development
Authors: Hsu Hsiu-Chen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of collaborative prewriting on L2 collaborative writing production and individual L2 writing development. The participants were 51 university EFL students from two English composition classes. One class (n = 26) was the collaborative prewriting (CP) group, and the other was the non-collaborative prewriting (NCP) group (n = 25). Both groups participated in individual pre- and post-test writing and two collaborative expository essay writing tasks via Google Docs. The CP group engaged in collaborative prewriting before the collaborative writing tasks, whereas the NCP group did not. Learners’ pre- and post-test writing was evaluated for content quality, organization, linguistic complexity, and accuracy. Learner collaboration was analyzed for reflective versus non-reflective content-, organization-, and language-related episodes (CREs, OREs, LREs). LREs were further analyzed for resolution. The results showed that the learners who were engaged in collaborative prewriting produced collaborative expository essays with better content quality and organization, and made greater improvement in the content quality and organization of individual L2 writing. The findings were discussed in relation to the CREs, OREs, and LREs produced during collaborative prewriting and writing processes.
Enrichment of nano delivery platforms for mRNA-based nanotherapeutics
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhang Xu , Li Jiulong , Meng Huan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Lipid-based nanoparticles (LNP) have shown significant progress in delivering mRNA for therapeutics, particularly with the success of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. However, there are still challenges, such as organ-specific targeting, sustained protein expression, immunogenicity, and storage that need to be addressed. Therefore, there is interest in developing additional nano drug delivery systems (DDS) to complement LNP technology. Some of these include polymer, lipid-polymer hybrid, organic/inorganic hybrid nanostructure, and inorganic nanoparticle. In our opinion, LNP technology may not be suitable for every disease scenario in categories such as infection disease, cancer, pulmonary disease, autoimmune disorders and genetic rare disease (among others). This is because different diseases may require distinct administration routes, doses, and treatment durations, as well as considerations for biological barriers that may lower the efficacy and/or exert safety concern. In this perspective, we will highlight the need and potential for enhancing the diversity of nano delivery platforms for mRNA-based nanotherapeutics.
Iron oxide nanoparticles in magnetic drug targeting and ferroptosis-based cancer therapy
Authors: Shubhra Quazi T. H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significant attention in the field of biomedicine, particularly in drug targeting and cancer therapy. Their potential in magnetic drug targeting (MDT) and ferroptosis-based cancer therapy is highly promising. IO NPs serve as an effective drug delivery system (DDS), utilizing external magnetic fields (EMFs) to target cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy organs. Additionally, IO NPs can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce ferroptosis, resulting in cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. This article explores how IO NPs can potentially revolutionize cancer research, focusing on their applications in MDT and ferroptosis-based therapy.
Comparison between laser and TIG welding of electron beam melted Ti6Al4V parts
Authors: Sen Murat , Kurt Mustafa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A large number of metal parts specific to the aviation, energy, and biomedical industries are produced by the electron beam melting (EBM) method, which is one of the powder bed additive manufacturing techniques. The limited build volume of EBM machines does not allow the production of parts in the desired dimensions. One way to overcome this limitation is to weld small size additive manufactured parts. In this study, EBMed Ti6Al4V tensile specimens were joined by laser (LBW) and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding. Welding morphologies, microstructures, and mechanical properties of joints were investigated. The main defects in the samples are pore formation and insufficient penetration. The weld zones of TIG samples contain a higher amount of pores than laser samples, and these pores are distributed over the entire area of the weld. The pores are less than 200 µm in diameter. TIG welded samples exhibited higher mechanical properties than laser welded samples. The highest microhardness was measured in the weld zone. Microhardness of laser welded samples are higher than TIG welded samples. While the welding regions of TIG welded samples consist of coarse and acicular α and α + β structures, laser welded samples consist of thin and acicular α′ structure.
Low back-pain among school-teachers in Southern Tunisia: prevalence and predictors
Authors: Baklouti Mouna , Ben Ayed Houda , Ketata Nouha , Maamri Hanen , Karray Raouf , Jdidi Jihene , Mejdoub Yosra , Kassis Mondher , Yaich Sourour , Dammak Jamel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
In the professional environment, low back pain (LBP) is a multifactorial symptomatology, despite scientific and technological advances in the design and the arrangement of increasingly ergonomic workstations. Teachers are not exempt from this risk, due to prolonged sitting or standing. In light of this, this study aimed to estimate LBP prevalence among teachers in Southern Tunisia and to identify their determinants.

Methods
It was a cross-sectional study including a representative sample of teachers from secondary, middle, and primary schools in Sfax, Tunisia, conducted during the period March-April 2021. LBP intensity was assessed using a visual analog scale from 1 to 10. A severe LBP was defined as VAS≥7.

Results
Among the participants, 292 teachers were females (55.6 %). The median age was 48 years (Interquartile Range (IQR)=[41–53] years). Overall, 377 teachers had a severe LBP, with a global prevalence of 71.8 %. Multivariate analysis showed that independent determinants of LBP among teachers were female gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=2.81;p<0.001), age ≥30 (AOR=5.68;p=0.009), chronic diseases (AOR=2.52;p<0.001), working at primary schools (AOR=1.75;p=0.033), working for ≥4 h per day (AOR=2.41;p=0.005), inadequate ergonomic conditions at work (AOR=1.78;p=0.008) and distance home-school ≥10 km (AOR=2.27;p=0.003).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that LBP among teachers was alarmingly high. Different individual, ergonomic, and occupational factors were predictors of this symptom. Thus, development of rational strategies for LBP prevention among teachers and the improvement of working conditions are urgently needed.
Adnominal possession in the languages of Wallacea: a survey
Authors: Schapper Antoinette , Gasser Emily 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article presents a typological survey of patterns of adnominal possession in 85 Austronesian and Papuan languages of Linguistic Wallacea, providing a more granular picture of possessive constructions in the region than previously available. The features treated are possessive word orders, locus of possessive marking, possessive classification systems, and multifunctionality of adnominal possessive markers. Unlike their relatives to the west, the Austronesian languages of Linguistic Wallacea tend to show Possessor-Possessum ordering and have an alienability distinction, often instantiated through contrastive direct and indirect constructions. In terms of broad typological features, contact with and shift from Papuan languages can be shown to have caused widespread remodeling of the adnominal possessive patterns in Austronesian languages of the area. However, their distribution and formal manifestations make clear that they are not the result of a single Papuan contact event in a single Austronesian common ancestor but must go back to multiple localized contact events across Linguistic Wallacea. Subregional patterns are often found clustered in smaller groups of languages and are the result of local processes of contact and change including morphologization and morphological loss. These become apparent when tracking changes in historically related form-function pairs in possessive constructions.
Sequencing and analysis of micro RNAs in camel milk exosomes
Authors: Wu Rinile , Yue Caifeng , Xie Yina , Fu Yuerong , Yu Xin , Li Zhuoyuan , Yang Bin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn order to study the species and functions of micro (mi)RNAs in the exosomes of camel milk, non-coding small (s)RNAs were sequenced and identified by Illumina sequencing technology, and the miRNA fraction was analysed by bioinformatics. After quality control, the average length of sRNA of camel milk exosomes was 18–24 nucleotides. A total of 2,659 miRNAs were identified, including 2,458 known, and 201 new miRNAs. Among the known miRNAs, miR-148a and let-7i had the highest expression levels. The results of gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the target genes of camel milk exosome miRNAs were involved in multicellular organismal, catabolic and other biological processes. They play role in the extracellular region, in the cytoskeleton and other cell components, in protein binding, but also have structural molecule activity and other molecular functions. According to the results of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, the target genes of camel milk exosome miRNAs are involved in Alzheimer's disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Staphylococcus aureus infection and other pathological pathways. We speculate that the reported beneficial effect of camel milk in various pathologic conditions may be closely related to the regulatory function of the exosomal miRNAs exerted on target genes of the diseases.
Methods for Inclusive Underwriting of Breast Cancer Risk with Machine Learning and Innovative Algorithms
Authors: Plisson Manuel , Moll Antoine , Sarrazin Valentine , Charles Denis , Antoine Thibault , Ionescu Razvan , Koehren Odile , Raymond Eric 
Published: September 2023

Introduction.—Due to early detection and improved therapies, the prevalence of long-term breast cancer survivors is increasing. This has increased the need for more inclusive underwriting in individuals with a history of breast cancer. Herein, we developed a method using algorithm aiming facilitating the underwriting of multiple parameters in breast cancer survivors.
Methods.—Variables and data were extracted from the SEER database and analyzed using 4 different machine learning based algorithms (Logistic Regression, GA2M, Random Forest, and XGBoost) that were compared with Kaplan Meier survival estimates. The performances of these algorithms have been compared with multiple metrics (Log Loss, AUC, and SMR). In situ (non-invasive) and metastatic breast cancer were excluded from this analysis.
Results.—Parameters included the pathological subtype, pTNM staging (T: tumor size, N; number of nodes; M presence or absence of metastases), Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading, the expression of estrogen and progesterone hormone receptors were selected to predict the individual outcome at any time point from diagnosis. While all models had identical performance in terms of statistical metrics (AUC, Log Loss, and SMR), the logistic regression was the one and only model that respects all business constraints and was intelligible for medical and underwriting users.
Conclusion.—This study provides insight to develop algorithms to set underwriter-friendly calculators for more accurate risk estimations that can be used to rationalize insurance pricing for breast cancer survivors. This study supports the development of a more inclusive underwriting based on models that can encompass the heterogeneity of several malignancies such as breast cancer.
Construção e validação de conteúdo educacional tecnológico
Authors: Werneck Luciana Pereira Pacheco , Oliveira Ivanete da Rosa Silva de , Rodrigues Denise Celeste Godoy de Andrade 
Published: September 2023

Introdução: O surgimento de novas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) tem contribuído para o desenvolvimento da sociedade em vários aspectos, dentre eles, a atualização e formação profissional. Por meio de computadores e dispositivos móveis, o acesso às informações encurta distâncias antes não permitidas sem a tecnologia. Com essa evolução, as pessoas têm buscado se adaptar aos mais diversos modelos oferecidos, gerando um aumento no acesso a esses dispositivos. Objetivo: Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa realizada em um curso de Mestrado Profissional da área de Ensino no Sul Fluminense, que objetiva propor a capacitação docente para atuar com estudantes do ensino superior com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) por meio de Podcast. Portanto, o presente estudo apresenta resultados parciais da elaboração e validação do produto educacional desenvolvido à partir de pesquisa. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico cuja às etapas obedecem à sequência de estrutura conceitual; revisão narrativa, construção das perguntas e escala de respostas; estruturação do instrumento e validação de conteúdo por especialistas. Foram adotadas como ferramentas metodológicas a Escala de Likert e o Instrumento de Validação de Conteúdo Educativo (IVCE). Resultados: Os resultados apresentaram uma média das respostas dos especialistas, acima de 3,6 de nível de concordância para o produto em sua análise geral. Conclusão: O IVCE se mostrou como uma potente ferramenta de análise do produto educacional, por se adequar aos mais diversos modelos de conteúdos educativos demonstrando sua flexibilidade na divisão dos fatores a serem avaliados.