bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEVEL OF EXTENSION METHODS IMPORTANCE FROM THE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORKERS POINT OF VIEW IN SULAIMANI GOVERNORATE
Authors: Dlger Salih M. Mohammad  , Mohammed Omer Mohammed Sakina  
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the level of agricultural extension methods importance from the extension workers point of view in Sulaimani governorate, then identify relationship between agricultural extension methods importance with some variables. The population consists of the all agricultural extension workers in agricultural extension directorate of Sulaimani and they were (137) workers, the sample of the research included (106) respondents representing nearly (%77) of the population, taken by a simple sampling random method. Questionnaire was prepared to collect the data. The results showed that the level of importance of extension methods were high tends to medium, group extension methods occupied the first rank in the level of importance of extension methods. Farm visit paragraph occupied the first rank in the individual method, then field demonstration paragraph occupied the first rank in the group method finally extension campaigns paragraph occupied the first rank in the mass method. The results also showed there is a significant relationship between the level of importance and each of the following variables (Previous training, Exposure to sources of the agricultural information. Attitude towards agricultural extension. Job satisfaction). While not significant relationship between the level of importance of extension methods and the other variables.
The researchers recommended pay attention to energizing their programs through agricultural extension methods, and Focusing on activating the group method, Agricultural extension department should pay attention for the workers to participate in training courses.
Histological study of oviduct in adult Iraqi Black Goat
Authors: Baraa Qassim Dawood  , Saif A. Muhson  
Published: June 2023

The present study was aimed at the light microscopic examination of the oviduct and show epithelium structure of the iraqi goat oviduct, determination of the histochemical structure of the mucus secreted by epithelial cells, and muscular layers of The oviducts of Twelve healthy adult goat constituted the material of the study. using routine histological techniques by using Hematoxylin and eosin , masson trichrom for Histochemically, it was observed by using Pas Alcian Histological observations revealed that the oviduct consists of 4 layers of mucosa, submucosa, tunica muscularis and serosa. The primary and secondary folds increase both in number and in height in infundibulum and ampulla while less in number in isthmus. Epithelium of folds was composed of simple columnar, although seems pseudostratified in some areas, and contains ciliated and secretory cells. Histomorphometric examinations of three regions demonstrated that the mean height of primary folds increase and the mean thickness of tunica muscularis in isthmus The mean thickness of mucosa-submucosa in ampulla More visibility of the ciliated cells and mucosal folds in infundibulum and ampulla the thick tunica muscularis in isthmus transports sperm cells up; and both require promoting secretory products were increased in the tip of the mucosal fold than in the base. Conclusion By using light microscopic examinations lined by pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium. Mucosal folds were maximum in number in the tubual part of infundibulum, ampulla and least in isthmus in all stages of the animal. The propria–submucosa was comprised of loose connective tissue with blood vessels, abundant amount of collagen fibres and few reticular fibers histochemical staining demonstrated by means of the PAS reaction, and it was observed that secretion increased progressively towards the isthmus.
Het ontrafelen en integraal aanpakken van een cybercrimineel jeugdnetwerk
Authors: Veenstra Sander 
Published: June 2023

Unraveling and integrally tackling a cybercriminal youth network – Lessons learned from a RIEC case study in the North of the Netherlands
In the Netherlands, municipalities are in charge of dealing with problematic youth networks. However, municipalities have the feeling that they lose sight of such networks. As a possible explanation, scientists as well as practitioners state that problematic youth networks might have shifted their activities from offline to online (less visible) forms of crime. In this case study, we found evidence in support of this hypothesis. We unravelled a criminal youth network that primarily committed cybercrime, but in part consisted of members who were formerly known as members of a traditional criminal network. Our case study also confirms other findings from prior research: the cybercriminal network has local roots and traditional social ties played an important role in the formation of the network. Members for example know each other because they went to the same school or because they grew up in the same neighbourhood. Furthermore, there are several indications that the criminal network is involved in traditional criminal offences, such as drug trade, financial crimes (tax-related, forgery, money laundering) and violence. Our case thus also highlights that offline and online crime are intertwined.It has long been advocated that a multidisciplinary approach is needed to tackle cybercrime. With regard to tackling a cybercriminal network, it however seems to be rather unique that we have brought this idea into practice. More specifically, the RIEC-partnership in the North of the Netherlands was utilized, which enabled the cooperation between several municipalities, the police, the Tax Administration and the Netherlands Labour Authority. From this joint endeavour, we conclude that an integral approach to tackle a cybercriminal network pays off. It enhances the information position of the cooperating parties and increases possibilities to intervene, compared to a monodisciplinary (police) approach. Therefore, we call for other partnerships to follow our example.
Evaluation of the nature of saturation of the reservoirs of the achimov formation by well-logging in conditions of low permeability and facies heterogeneity
Authors: Egorova A. D. , Isakova T. G. , Bata L. K. , Goev A. Yu. , Khotylev O. V. , Churkina V. V. , Kotochkova Ju. A. , Dyakonova T. F. , Kozakov S. V. , Kozhevnikova N. V. , Moskalenko N. Yu. , Belov N. V. , Mozgovoy A. S. , Kalmykov G. A. 
Published: June 2023

Despite the fact that the history of studying the geology of the achimov formation spans several decades, the volume of depletion of the reserves of these deposits is small, and the number of fields where the achimov formations have been put into commercial development is few. This is due to the complex geological structure of the reservoirs, vertical and lateral heterogeneity, reduced porosity and permeability properties, and low values of the oil saturation factor.In the presented work, a generalization and analysis of all petrophysical information was made, typification of sections according to well logging with the possibility of using individual petrophysical function to assess the nature of reservoir saturation and the hydrocarbon saturation index. To create a petrophysical substantiation of well logging interpretation, both historical and current core studies in the framework of this study by the authors of the article were involved.The typification of the sections of the achimov formation was carried out on the basis of a detailed lithological study of the core using special studies such as scanning electron microscopy and computed microtomography.Identification of different types of section will allow in the future to correct the further hydrodynamic model for predicting the nature of the inflow and will significantly increase the reliability of assessing the nature of saturation and the hydrocarbon saturation index of heterogeneous deposits of the achimov formation.
KONSEP MANAJEMEN KELAS MENURUT PARA AHLI
Authors: Rosandi Asep , Fauzan M. Dwi , Rahmadan Riski , Wiranto  
Published: June 2023

Manajemen kelas merupakan aspek pendidikan yang sering dijadikan perhatian utama oleh para calon guru, guru baru, dan bahkan guru yang telah berpengalaman. Karena calon guru, guru baru, dan guru yang telah berpengalaman berkeinginan agar para peserta didik dapat belajar dengan optimal. Dalam artian guru mampu menyampaikan bahan pelajaran dan dapat diterima oleh peserta didik dengan baik. Guru yang professional salah satu cirinya adalah guru yang mampu mengelola kelas dengan baik. Penciptaan kelas yang nyaman merupakan kajian dari manajemen kelas. Sebab manajemen kelas merupakan serangkaian perilaku guru dalam upayanya menciptakan dan memelihara kondisi kelas yang memungkinkan peserta didik untuk belajar dengan baik. Dalam kelas segala aspek pembelajaran bertemu dan berproses, guru dengan segala kemampuannya, murid dengan segala latar belakang dan potensinya, kurikulum dengan segala komponennya, metode dengan segala pendekatannya, media dengan segala perangkatnya, materi dengan segala sumber belajarnya bertemu dan berinteraksi di dalam kelas. Adapun metode yang penulis gunakan ialah metode pendekatan studi literasi yang dimana mengambil dari bahan rujukan buku jurnal dan lain-lain.
Pengaruh Aromaterapi Inhalasi Mawar terhadap Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Pre Operasi
Authors: Udani Giri , Rihiantoro Tori , Rusandi Vera Cahyati 
Published: June 2023

Berdasarkan data World Health Organization (WHO) jumlah pasien operasi mencapai peningkatan yang sangat signifikan dari tahun ke tahun. Tercatat di tahun 2017, terdapat 140 juta pasien di seluruh Rumah Sakit di dunia, pada tahun 2018 data mengalami peningkatan sebesar 148 juta jiwa, di Indonesia pada tahun 2017 mencapai 1,2 juta jiwa. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi tindakan pembedahan adalah perubahan tekanan darah. Peningkatan tekanan darah sebelum operasi akan menyebabkan penundaan jadwal operasi. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui Pengaruh Pemberian Aromaterapi Inhalasi Mawar Terhadap Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien Pre Operasi dengan General Anestesi. Penelitian ini quasy experiment dengan rancangan pretest-postest Non-Equivalent Control Group menggunakan consecutive sampling. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 34 responden pasien post operasi. Analisa data uji wilcoxon dengan nilai p0,005. Hasil penelitian didapatkan perbedaan tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan nilai p-value=0,005 α(0,05) tekanan darah sistolik sedangkan tekanan darah diastolic nilai p-value =0.001α (0,05) artinya ada pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi mawar terhadap tekanan darah pada pasien pre operasi dengan general anestesi, sehingga disarankan agar perawat dapat menggunakan aromaterapi mawar sebagai aroma inhalasi pada ruang rawat atau ruang preoperasi sebagai terapi non farmakologi yang menimbulkan suasana relaksasi pada pasien preoperasi.Kata Kunci : Tekanan Darah, Aromaterapi Mawar
تفاقــم التهريب الجمركي وآثاره على الاقتصـــاد الوطنــي
Authors: غلاب حسان عبدالله علي 
Published: June 2023

هدف البحث إلى معرفة انعكاس التهريب الجمركي على الاقتصاد الوطني، خصوصا بعد تأثير العدوان في وطننا. بعد أن أثرت الحرب التي شنتها دول التحالف على الوضع الاقتصادي في اليمن بشكل مباشر، بشقيه الصناعي والتجاري، بما في ذلك استهداف الموانئ، المطارات، الناقلات وغيرها، بالإضافة إلى عرقلة حركة انسياب التجارة الدولية من وإلى أراضي الجمهورية اليمنية.
وقد استُخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للخوض في أغوار الدراسة الحالية من خلال البيانات الأولية التي حصلنا عليها لمعالجة الظاهرة، ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة:
-تصاعد عمليات التهريب الجمركي خلال مدة الحرب بشكل ملحوظ مقارنة بالمدة السابقة، بالإضافة إلى الأثر السالب على الوضع الاقتصادي وتدمير البنية التحتية.
- تكبدت اليمن خسائر اقتصادية كبيرة على مدى سبع سنوات الماضية من الحرب والحصار، أدى إلى زيادة الفقر، البطالة وسوء التغذية الحاد.
- زيادة البطالة وانكماش اقتصادي تجاوز 50%وفق التقارير الرسمية الدولية.
Phylogeography and population genetic structure of the cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi) in the Orinoco basin and Negro River (Amazon basin): evaluating connectivity and historical patterns of diversification
Authors: Sanchez-Bernal Diana , Martinez José Gregorio , Farias Izeni Pires , Hrbek Tomas , Caballero Susana 
Published: June 2023

The Neotropics contain one of the most diverse assemblages of freshwater fishes worldwide. Part of this diversity is shared between the Orinoco and Amazon basins. These basins have been separated for a long time due to the Vaupes Arch, rising between 10–11 Ma. Today, there is only one permanent connection between the Orinoco and Negro (Amazon) basins, known as the Casiquiare Canal. However, alternative corridors allowing fish dispersion between both basins have been proposed. The cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi), the most important fish in the ornamental world market, is distributed in both basins. Here we investigated P. axelrodi phylogeography, population structure, and potential routes of migration and connectivity between the two basins. A total of 468 bp of the mitochondrial gene (COI), 555 bp of the nuclear gene fragment (MYH6), and eight microsatellite loci were analyzed. As a result, we found two major genetic clusters as the most likely scenario (K = 2), but they were not discreetly distributed between basins. A gradient of genetic admixture was observed in Cucui and São Gabriel da Cachoeira, between the upper Negro River and the upper Orinoco. Samples from the middle-lower Negro River were highly structured. Cucui (Negro basin) was more similar to the Orinoco than to the rest of the Negro basin populations. However, substructure was also observed by the discriminant analysis, fixation indices and other hierarchichal structure analyses (K = 3 − 6), showing three major geographic clusters: Orinoco, Cucui, and the remaining Negro basin. Unidirectional migration patterns were detected between basins: via Cucui toward Orinoco and via the remaining of the Negro basin toward Orinoco. Results from the Relaxed Random Walk analysis support a very recent origin of this species in the headwater Orinoco basin (Western Guiana Shield, at late Pleistocene) with a later rapid colonization of the remaining Orinoco basin and almost simultaneously the Negro River via Cucui, between 0.115 until about 0.001 Ma. Historical biogeography and population genetic patterns observed here for Cardinal tetra, seem to be better explained by river capture, physical, or ecological barriers than due to the geographic distance.
Assessment of Spatial Variability of Soil Properties Using Geospatial Techniques for Enhanced Productive Capacity of Agricultural Systems in India
Authors: Arunkumar V. , Yuvaraj M. , Sakthivel K. , Jamuna E. , Ananthi K. 
Published: June 2023

Soil is an important source of available nutrients. Either shortage or surplus of available nutrients in the soil would limit growth of crops. Understanding the spatial variability and distribution patterns of soil available nutrients is essential for soil management with respect to fertilizer application. A total of 111 geo-referenced soil samples were collected on 300 m x 300 m grid at a depth of 0–15 cm, processed and analyzed for pH, EC, soil organic carbon (SOC), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), available sulphur (AS), available iron (Fe), available manganese (Mn), available zinc (Zn) and available copper (Cu). Soil properties coefficients of variation (CVs) of soil properties widely varied from low (5.22%) to moderate (49.28%). The geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) techniques were applied. Ordinary kriging and semivariogram analysis showed differed spatial variability patterns for the studied soil properties with spatial dependence ranged from moderate to strong. The semivariograms for the soil properties were best fitted with spherical model. The range of influence for available N, P, K and S were 268, 287, 497 and 706 m, respectively. The spatial ranges of available Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were 1050, 1150, 1470, and 1430 m, respectively. The spatial dependence class was strong for EC, SOC, available P, K and was moderate for available N, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. The available N and P is categorized as low (<280 kg ha-1) and low (<11 kg ha-1) to medium (<22 kg ha-1), respectively were the main limiting factors in crop production. The availability K was categorized as medium (118-280 kg ha-1) to high (> 280 kg ha -1). The soil nutrient maps generated would help to provide precise fertilizer recommendations for sustainable production and environmental conservation.
Factors Associated With Liver Transplant Referral Among Patients With Cirrhosis at Multiple Safety-Net Hospitals
Authors: Yilma Mignote , Kim Nicole J. , Shui Amy M. , Tana Michele , Landis Charles , Chen Ariana , Bangaru Saroja , Mehta Neil , Zhou Kali 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceA high proportion of underserved patients with cirrhosis receive care at safety-net hospitals (SNHs). While liver transplant (LT) can be a life-saving treatment for cirrhosis, data on referral patterns from SNHs to LT centers are lacking.ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with LT referral within the SNH context.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study included 521 adult patients with cirrhosis and model for end-stage liver disease–sodium (MELD-Na) scores of 15 or greater. Participants received outpatient hepatology care at 3 SNHs between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, with end of follow-up on May 1, 2022.ExposuresPatient demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and liver disease factors.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcome was referral for LT. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patient characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate factors associated with LT referral. Multiple chained imputation was used to address missing values.ResultsOf 521 patients, 365 (70.1%) were men, the median age was 60 (IQR, 52-66) years, most (311 [59.7%]) were Hispanic or Latinx, 338 (64.9%) had Medicaid insurance, and 427 (82.0%) had a history of alcohol use (127 [24.4%] current vs 300 [57.6%] prior). The most common liver disease etiology was alcohol associated liver disease (280 [53.7%]), followed by hepatitis C virus infection (141 [27.1%]). Median MELD-Na score was 19 (IQR, 16-22). One hundred forty-five patients (27.8%) were referred for LT. Of these, 51 (35.2%) were wait-listed, and 28 (19.3%) underwent LT. In a multivariable model, male sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.50 [95% CI, 0.31-0.81]), Black race vs Hispanic or Latinx ethnicity (AOR, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.04-0.89]), uninsured status (AOR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.18-0.89]), and hospital site (AOR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.18-0.87]) were associated with lower odds of being referred. Reasons for not being referred (n = 376) included active alcohol use and/or limited sobriety (123 [32.7%]), insurance issues (80 [21.3%]), lack of social support (15 [4.0%]), undocumented status (7 [1.9%]), and unstable housing (6 [1.6%]).ConclusionsIn this cohort study of SNHs, less than one-third of patients with cirrhosis and MELD-Na scores of 15 or greater were referred for LT. The identified sociodemographic factors negatively associated with LT referral highlight potential intervention targets and opportunities to standardize LT referral practices to increase access to life-saving transplant among underserved patients.
Commissioning and clinical evaluation of the IDENTIFYTM surface imaging system for frameless stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Covington Elizabeth L. , Stanley Dennis N. , Sullivan Rodney J. , Riley Kristen O. , Fiveash John B. , Popple Richard A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo commission and assess the clinical performance of a new commercial surface imaging (SI) system by analyzing intra‐fraction motion from the initial cohort of patients treated with frameless stereotactic radiosurgery (fSRS).MethodsThe IDENTIFYTM SI system was commissioned for clinical use on an Edge (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) linear accelerator. All patients who received intracranial radiotherapy with HyperArcTM (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA) were immobilized with the EncompassTM (Qfix, Avondale, PA) thermoplastic mask and monitored for intra‐fraction motion with SI. IDENTIFYTM log files were correlated with trajectory log files to correlate treatment parameters with SI‐reported offsets. IDENTIFYTM reported offsets were correlated with gantry and couch angles to assess system performance for obstructed and clear camera field of view. Data were stratified by race to evaluate performance differences due to skin tone.ResultsAll commissioning data were found to meet recommended tolerances. IDENTIFYTM was used to monitor intra‐fraction motion on 1164 fractions from 386 patients. The median magnitude of translational SI reported offsets at the end of treatment was 0.27 mm. SI reported offsets were shown to increase when camera pods are blocked by the gantry with larger increases seen at non‐zero couch angles. With camera obstruction, the median magnitude of the SI reported offset was 0.50 and 0.80 mm for White and Black patients, respectively.ConclusionsIDENTIFYTM performance during fSRS is comparable to other commercially available SI systems where offsets are shown to increase at non‐zero couch angles and during camera pod blockage.
Enlarged perivascular spaces in patients with migraine: a case–control study based on 3T MRI
Authors: Yuan Ziyu , Li Wei , Tang Hefei , Mei Yanliang , Qiu Dong , Zhang Min , Sun Qian , Wang Wei , Zhang Peng , Ma Zhaochao , Zhang Xueyan , Zhang Yaqing , Wang Yonggang , Yu Xueying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore whether MRI‐visible enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) are associated with migraine and may serve as a predictor of migraine. Then further explore its correlation with migraine chronification.MethodsA total of 231 participants (healthy control [HC] = 57, episodic migraine [EM] = 59, chronic migraine [CM] = 115) were included in this case–control study. A 3T MRI device and the validated visual rating scale were used to assess the grades of EPVS in centrum semiovale (CSO), midbrain (MB), and basal ganglia (BG). Comparisons between the two groups were made using the chi‐square or Fisher's exact tests to initially determine whether high‐grade EPVS were associated with migraine and migraine chronification. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to further investigate the role of high‐grade EPVS in migraine.ResultsThe prevalence of high‐grade EPVS in CSO and MB were significantly higher in patients with migraine than in HCs (CSO: 64.94% vs. 42.11%, P = 0.002; MB: 55.75% vs. 29.82%, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed no statistical difference between patients with EM and CM (CSO: 69.94% vs. 62.61%, P = 0.368; MB: 50.85% vs. 58.26%, P = 0.351). Individuals with high‐grade EPVS in CSO (odds ratio [OR]: 2.324; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.136–4.754; P = 0.021) and MB (OR: 3.261; 95% CI: 1.534–6.935; P = 0.002) were more likely to suffer from migraine.InterpretationThis case–control study showed that high‐grade EPVS in CSO and MB in clinical practice with the underlying mechanism of dysfunction of the glymphatic system could be a predictor of migraine, but no significant correlation had been found with migraine chronification.