bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissipation of pesticides by stream biofilms is influenced by hydrological histories
Authors: Bertrans-Tubau Lluís , Menard Yoann , Batisson Isabelle , Creusot Nicolas , Mazzella Nicolas , Millan-Navarro Debora , Moreira Aurélie , Morin Soizic , Ponsá Sergio , Abril Meritxell , Proia Lorenzo , Romaní Anna M , Artigas Joan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo evaluate the effects of hydrological variability on pesticide dissipation capacity by stream biofilms, we conducted a microcosm study. We exposed biofilms to short and frequent droughts (daily frequency), long and less frequent droughts (weekly frequency) and permanently immersed controls, prior to test their capacities to dissipate a cocktail of pesticides composed of tebuconazole, terbuthylazine, imidacloprid, glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid. A range of structural and functional descriptors of biofilms (algal and bacterial biomass, extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) concentration, microbial respiration, phosphorus uptake and community-level physiological profiles) were measured to assess drought effects. In addition, various parameters were measured to characterise the dynamics of pesticide dissipation by biofilms in the different hydrological treatments (% dissipation, peak asymmetry, bioconcentration factor, among others). Results showed higher pesticide dissipation rates in biofilms exposed to short and frequent droughts, despite of their lower biomass and EPS concentration, compared to biofilms in immersed controls or exposed to long and less frequent droughts. High accumulation of hydrophobic pesticides (tebuconazole and terbuthylazine) was measured in biofilms despite the short exposure time (few minutes) in our open-flow microcosm approach. This research demonstrated the stream biofilms capacity to adsorb hydrophobic pesticides even in stressed drought environments.
Life-Space Mobility: Normative Values From a National Cohort of U.S. Older Adults
Authors: Lo Alexander X , Wadley Virginia G , Brown Cynthia J , Long D Leann , Crowe Michael , Howard Virginia J , Kennedy Richard E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Life-space mobility, which measures the distance, frequency, and independence achieved as individuals move through their community, is one of the most important contributors to healthy aging. The University of Alabama at Birmingham Life-Space Assessment (LSA) is the most commonly used measure of life-space mobility in older adults, yet U.S. national norms for LSA have not previously been reported. This study reports such norms based on age and sex among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis using data from the national REasons for Geographic and Racial Disparities in Stroke cohort study. LSA data were available for 10 118 Black and White participants over age 50, which were grouped by age (in 5-year increments) and sex, weighted for the U.S. national population. Correlations were calculated between LSA and measures of functional and cognitive impairment and physical performance.

Results
The weighted mean LSA ranged from 102.9 for 50–54-year-old males to 69.5 for males aged 85 and older, and from 102.1 for 50–54-year-old females to 60.1 for females aged 85 and older. LSA was strongly correlated with measures of timed walking, activities of daily living, cognition, depressive symptoms, and quality of life (all p &lt; .001).

Conclusions
We report U.S. national norms for LSA among community-dwelling Black and White older adults. These norms can serve as a reference tool for determining if clinical and research samples have greater or lesser life-space mobility than typical older adults in the United States for their age and sex.
Effects of Fe and Al distributions on the Pv–PPv phase transition pressure of MgSiO3
Authors: Xia Wenming , Niu Caoping , Zhao Jing , Wang Xianlong 
Published: July 2023

SUMMARY
Based on the first-principles method combined with Special Quasi-random Structures package, we investigated the effects of impurities distributions on the perovskite (Pv)–post-perovskite (PPv) phase transition pressures of Fe- and Al-bearing MgSiO3. 61 different distribution configurations were calculated. The results show that the distribution has marginal effect on the Pv–PPv phase transition pressure of Fe2+-bearing MgSiO3. However, the separate of Al3+Al3+ ions can significantly increase the Pv–PPv phase transition pressure to that higher than the core–mantle boundary (CMB) pressure. In the most disordered structures of Al3+Al3+-bearing case constructed by SQS, the Pv–PPv phase transition pressure is higher than 400 GPa. Based on our previous result, we proposed that only Fe2+-bearing MgSiO3 can induce the discontinuous increase in shear wave velocity at the CMB, while Al3+Al3+-, Fe3+Al3+- and Fe3+Fe3+-bearing MgSiO3 cannot.
Rates of nursing home closures were relatively stable over the past decade, but warrant continuous monitoring
Authors: Hughes Kelly , Feng Zhanlian , Li Qinghua , Segelman Micah , Oliveira Iara , Dey Judith Goldberg 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For years, nursing home closures have been a concern for the industry, policymakers, consumer advocates, and other stakeholders. We analyzed data from 2011 through 2021 and did not find persistent increases in the closure rates. Closures were relatively stable from 2011 to 2017, averaging 118 facilities (0.79%) per year and increasing to 143 (0.96%) in 2018 and 200 (1.34%) in 2019. Closures decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, averaging 133 facilities in 2020 and 2021 (0.90%). Medicaid-only nursing facilities had higher closure rates than Medicare-only skilled-nursing facilities and dually certified nursing homes. The Census regions (divisions) of the South (West South Central) and Northeast (New England) had the highest closure rates, while the South (South Atlantic and East South Central) had the lowest rates. Facility characteristics associated with increased closure risk included smaller size, lower occupancy rate, urban location, no ownership changes, lower inspection survey ratings, higher staffing ratings, higher percentages of non-White residents and Medicaid residents, lower percentages of Medicare residents and residents with severe acuity, and location in states with more nursing home alternatives. Additional research should examine the impact of closures on resident outcomes and access to care.
Development of a composite healthy ageing score: evidence from middle-to-older aged Australians
Authors: John Eme Eseme , Astell-Burt Thomas , Yu Ping , Brennan-Horley Chris , Feng Xiaoqi 
Published: July 2023

Summary
We developed and validated a composite healthy ageing score (HAS) to address the absence of a definitive composite score comprising multiple health domains that measure healthy ageing in epidemiology. The HAS is developed from 13 health domains reported to influence healthy ageing. Data to measure these domains was extracted from the 45 and Up Study baseline. We applied best practices for scale validation and development. Physical functioning, cognitive function, mental health, sleep, quality of life, balance, social connections and overall health were retained. Functional capacity and resilience were uncovered as underlying latent structures. The HAS ranges from 0 to 16 with higher scores indicating a better health profile. This research contributes a comprehensive measuring tool, HAS, It enables examination and comparison of individual or collective health profiles and the investigation of the factors that influence their chances of living healthy for longer.
Neonatal emollient therapy and massage practices in Africa: a scoping review
Authors: Blanks Keona J H , Musaba Milton W , Ren Lily , Burgoine Kathy , Mukunya David , Clarke Andrew , Williams Sarah , Gebremichael Tewodros , Waiswa Peter , Darmstadt Gary L 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
There have been few reports from Africa on the use and health effects of emollient therapy for newborn infants. We aimed to describe neonatal skin care practices in Africa, and to illuminate opportunities to introduce evidence-based interventions to improve these practices. We conducted a scoping review of the quantitative and qualitative published peer-reviewed and grey literature in English on emollient use in Africa. Outcomes of interest included neonatal skin care practices, with a focus on the application of oils and other products to infant skin, including in association with bathing and massage. We screened 5257 articles and summarised findings from 23 studies—13 qualitative, nine quantitative and one mixed methods—that met our study criteria. Seven studies reported the use of emollients for perceived benefits, including thermal care, treatment for illness, promotion of growth and development, infection reduction, skin condition improvement, spirituality and lubrication to aid massage. Four studies reported the quantitative health impact of skin care product applications, including improvements in skin condition, neurodevelopment and bone growth, as well as a reduction in nosocomial infections. This review highlights opportunities for skin care intervention and future research on neonatal skin care practices in Africa.
Impact of antimicrobial use on abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes in chicken flocks in Vietnam
Authors: Nhung Nguyen Thi , Dutta Avijit , Higginson Ellen , Kermack Leanne , Yen Nguyen Thi Phuong , Phu Doan Hoang , Kiet Bach Tuan , Choisy Marc , Geskus Ronald B , Baker Stephen , Carrique-Mas Juan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated longitudinally Vietnamese small-scale chicken flocks in order to characterize changes in antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) content over their life cycle, and the impact of antimicrobial use (AMU) on an intervention consisting of veterinary advice provision.

Methods
AMU data and faecal samples were collected from 83 flocks (25 farms) at day-old, mid- and late-production (∼4 month cycle). Using high-throughput real-time PCR, samples were investigated for 94 ARGs. ARG copies were related to 16S rRNA and ng of DNA (ngDNA). Impact of AMU and ARGs in day-olds was investigated by mixed-effects models.

Results
Flocks received a mean (standard error, SE) animal daily dose (ADD) of 736.7 (83.0) and 52.1 (9.9) kg in early and late production, respectively. Overall, ARGs/16S rRNA increased from day-old (mean 1.47; SE 0.10) to mid-production (1.61; SE 0.16), further decreasing in end-production (1.60; SE 0.1) (all P &gt; 0.05). In mid-production, ARGs/16S rRNA increased for aminoglycosides, phenicols, sulphonamides and tetracyclines, decreasing for polymyxins β-lactams and genes that confer resistance to mutiple classes (multi-drug resistance) (MDR). At end-production, aminoglycoside resistance decreased and polymyxin and quinolone resistance increased (all P &lt; 0.05). Results in relation to ngDNA gave contradictory results. Neither AMU nor ARGs in day-olds had an impact on subsequent ARG abundance. The intervention resulted in 74.2% AMU reduction; its impact on ARGs depended on whether ARGs/ngDNA (+14.8%) or ARGs/16S rRNA metrics (−10.7%) (P &gt; 0.05) were computed.

Conclusions
The flocks’ environment (contaminated water, feed and residual contamination) is likely to play a more important role in transmission of ARGs to flocks than previously thought. Results highlight intriguing differences in the quantification of ARGs depending on the metric chosen.
On the incentives to exacerbate polarization
Authors: Montagnes Pablo , Van Weelden Richard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
An organizer seeks to extract rents from competing interests in a polarized environment. We model these interests as three potential bidders, a neutral bidder, and two bidders who are “polarized” in that they prefer the neutral bidder to win rather than the other polarized bidder. The organizer cannot commit to an optimal mechanism, but can decide which bidders to allow to participate. While greater competition is generally thought to benefit the organizer, we identify conditions under which she increases expected revenue by preventing the neutral bidder from participating, thereby increasing the willingness to pay for polarized bidders. Thus, rather than seeking to bring about compromise, organizers have an incentive to exacerbate conflict. Excluding the neutral bidder always makes the auction less efficient, but the incentive to exclude her is greatest precisely when it lowers efficiency the most. We discuss applications in economics and politics (JEL D44, D62, D72).
Bioeconomy and New Materials: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Rangel Vázquez Lexlie I 
Published: July 2023

Summary
Agriculture is essential for the subsistence and food security of the planet, it is part of the essential industries in most countries, triggering entrepreneurship, employment and social development, which is why the world's governments see agriculture and agroindustry as the path that allows increase the productivity and efficiency of crops production, however in a context of limited natural resources and growing environmental challenges, this goal is complicated. Sustainable agriculture refers to meets the requirements of adequately supplying food and preserving the potential of natural resources without compromising the present and future potential of the soil resource.
Synthetic Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Affect Arabidopsis thaliana Growth through Blocking the TOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cisneros Gladys Juárez , Ochoa-Barragán Rogelio , Kumar-Tiwari Dhirendra , Sánchez-Yáñez Juan Manuel , Villegas-Moreno Javier 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The phytotoxicity of synthetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on plant growth has been documented. However, the physiological mechanisms associated with it are not clear. The activity of TOR signaling pathway and phytoregulators balance play key roles in plant growth regulation and their stress response.
Effect of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Manganese and Zinc Doped Ferrites on the Development of Capsicum annuum
Authors: Cisneros Gladys Juárez , Sánchez-Yáñez Juan Manuel , Villegas-Moreno Javier , Kumar-Tiwari Dhirendra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nanotechnology applied to agriculture (nanoagriculture) represents a watershed in the study and development of novel alternatives that could strongly influence agricultural practices. In this research, we documented the comparative study with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and ferrites doped with zinc-manganese in C. annuum development, due to the nanoparticles study in plant crops has been showing beneficial effects.
Constraints on f (Q) logarithmic model using gravitational wave standard sirens
Authors: Nájera José Antonio , Aráoz Alvarado Carlos , Escamilla-Rivera Celia 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we revise the constraints on the f (Q) = Q/(8πG) – αln (Q/Q0), symmetric teleparallel model using local measurements and gravitational waves mock standard sirens. Using observational local SNIa and BAO data and energy conditions, the logarithmic f (Q) model is capable of explaining the cosmic late-time acceleration by geometrical means. This result suggests that the logarithmic symmetric teleparallel model could be a candidate to solve the cosmological constant problem. In the case of the simulated standard siren data, by using the performance of the future Einstein Telescope (ET) and Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) detectors, we expect to be able to measure the current Hubble constant H0, and the matter content Ωm, with a precision better than 1 and 6 per cent, respectively. Furthermore, we explore the predicted f (Q) logarithmic model deviation from the standard General Relativity (GR) using ET and LISA mock standard sirens. The ratio $\mathrm{ \mathit{ d}}_\mathrm{ L}^{\text{gw}}(z)/\mathrm{ \mathit{ d}}_\mathrm{ L}^{\text{em}}(z)$, which quantifies the deviation from GR gives us a significant deviation higher than 13 per cent at z = 1, and it continues growing to reach a deviation higher than 18 per cent in its median value. Future standard siren data will be able to quantify the strength of the deviation from GR, and hence whether a cosmology like the one implied by this f (Q) model is feasible.
Cosmological test of local position invariance from the asymmetric galaxy clustering
Authors: Saga Shohei , Taruya Atsushi , Rasera Yann , Breton Michel-Andrès 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The local position invariance (LPI) is one of the three major pillars of Einstein equivalence principle, ensuring the space–time independence on the outcomes of local experiments. The LPI has been tested by measuring the gravitational redshift effect in various depths of gravitational potentials. We propose a new cosmological test of the LPI by observing the asymmetry in the cross-correlation function between different types of galaxies, which predominantly arises from the gravitational redshift effect induced by the gravitational potential of haloes at which the galaxies reside. We show that the ongoing/upcoming galaxy surveys give a fruitful constraint on the LPI-violating parameter, α, in the distant universe (redshift z ∼ 0.1–1.8) over the cosmological scales (separation s ∼ 5–$10\, {\rm \mathit{ h}^{ -1}\,Mpc}$) that have not yet been explored, finding that the expected upper limit on α can reach 0.03.
Current status of DNA methylation profiling in neuro-oncology as a diagnostic support tool: A review
Authors: Singh Jyotsna , Sahu Saumya , Mohan Trishala , Mahajan Swati , Sharma Mehar C , Sarkar Chitra , Suri Vaishali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Over the last 2 decades, high throughput genome-wide molecular profiling has revealed characteristic genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with different types of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. DNA methylation profiling has emerged as an important molecular platform for CNS tumor classification with improved diagnostic accuracy and patient risk stratification in comparison to the standard of care histopathological analysis and any single molecular tests. The emergence of DNA methylation arrays have also played a crucial role in refining existing types and the discovery of new tumor types or subtypes. The adoption of methylation data into neuro-oncology has been greatly aided by the development of a freely accessible machine learning-based classifier. In this review, we discuss methylation workflow, address the utility of DNA methylation profiling in CNS tumors in a routine diagnostic setting, and provide an overview of the methylation-based tumor types and new types or subtypes identified with this platform.
Impact of Baseline and Week 2 and Week 4 Posttransplant CMV Cell-Mediated Immunity on Risk of CMV Infections and Mortality in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Authors: Ariza-Heredia Ella J , Winston Drew J , Rowley Scott D , Mullane Kathleen , Chandrasekar Pranatharthi , Hari Parameswaran , Avery Robin K , Peggs Karl S , Kumar Deepali , Nath Rajneesh , Ljungman Per , Mossad Sherif B , El Haddad Lynn , Shah Dimpy P , Jiang Ying , Khawaja Fareed , Dadwal Sanjeet , Blanchard Ted , Chemaly Roy F 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common opportunistic infection after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT). We explored whether a change in CMV cell-mediated immunity during the first month after transplant predicts the risk of development of CMV infection and all-cause mortality.

Methods
This follow-up analysis is based on data from the REACT study, a multicenter prospective observational study of recipients of alloHCT who were CMV-seropositive. Production of interferon γ following ex vivo stimulation with CMV antigens IE1 (immediate early 1) and pp65 (phosphoprotein 65) was assessed by CMV ELISPOT assay at baseline and 2 and 4 weeks after transplant. Clinically significant CMV infection (CS-CMVi) was defined as CMV viremia and/or disease necessitating antiviral therapy. We evaluated the impact of CMV CMI changes on the risk of CS-CMVi and post transplant mortality.

Results
The analysis included 226 recipients of alloHCT with CMV cell-mediated immunity data at baseline and 2 and/or 4 weeks after transplant. CS-CMVi occurred in 64 patients (28%). On Cox regression analyses, independent predictors of CS-CMVi included a negative Δ change from baseline to week 2 of pp65 spot counts (hazard ratio, 3.65 [95% CI, 1.65–8.04]; P = .001) to week 4 of IE1 spot counts (hazard ratio, 2.79 [95% CI, 1.46–5.35]; P = .002), anti-thymocyte globulin conditioning regimen, type of transplant, female sex, and corticosteroid use. Kaplan-Meir analysis showed a significant association of a negative IE1 change from baseline to week 4 and increased all-cause mortality after transplant (log rank test = 0.041).

Conclusions
A decrease in CMV-specific T-cell responses during the first month after transplant may predict CS-CMVi and is associated with all-cause mortality in recipients of alloHCT.
Defeating the Hidden Foe: Antibiotic Therapy and Clinical Outcomes of Cutibacterium acnes Spinal Implant Infections
Authors: Tai Don Bambino Geno , Lahr Brian , Suh Gina A , Berbari Elie F , Huddleston Paul M , Tande Aaron J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Cutibacterium acnes can cause spinal implant infections. However, little is known about the optimal medical management and outcomes of C. acnes spinal implant infections (CSII). Our study aims to describe the management of patients with CSII and evaluate the clinical outcomes.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18 years or older who underwent spinal fusion surgery with instrumentation between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020, and whose intraoperative cultures were positive for C. acnes. The primary outcome was treatment failure based on subsequent recurrence, infection with another organism, or unplanned surgery secondary to infection.

Results
There were 55 patients with a median follow-up (interquartile range) of 2 (1.2–2.0) years. Overall, there were 6 treatment failures over 85.8 total person-years, for an annual rate of 7.0% (95% CI, 2.6%–15.2%). Systemic antibiotic treatment was given to 74.5% (n = 41) of patients for a median duration of 352 days. In the subgroup treated with systemic antibiotics, there were 4 treatment failures (annual rate, 6.3%; 95% CI, 1.7%–16.2%), all of which occurred while on antibiotic therapy. Two failures occurred in the subgroup without antibiotic treatment (annual rate, 8.8%; 95% CI, 1.1%–31.8%).

Conclusions
Our study found that the estimated annual treatment failure rate was slightly higher among patients who did not receive antibiotics. Of the 6 failures observed, 4 had recurrence of C. acnes either on initial or subsequent treatment failures. More studies are warranted to determine the optimal duration of therapy for CSII.
La prise en charge de la neutropénie fébrile chez les enfants et les adolescents immunocompétents
Authors: Lirette Marie-Pier , Wright Nicola , Trottier Evelyne D , Beck Carolyn E 
Published: July 2023

Résumé
La neutropénie fébrile est une manifestation clinique fréquente en pédiatrie, qui peut être associée à une infection bactérienne invasive. Cependant, le risque de ce type d’infection est faible chez les enfants et les adolescents autrement en santé qui font de la fièvre et présentent une neutropénie, la plupart des cas étant causés par une infection virale. Les enfants âgés de six mois à 18 ans qui ont l’air bien, ne souffrent pas d’un cancer, sont considérés comme immunocompétents et présentent un premier épisode de neutropénie, sans autres facteurs de risque, n’ont généralement pas besoin d’antibiotiques empiriques. Cependant, une évaluation approfondie est indiquée, y compris une anamnèse et un examen physique complets, de même qu’une hémoculture lorsque la numération absolue des neutrophiles est inférieure à 0,5 × 109/L. Il est recommandé d’assurer un suivi étroit, de reprendre l’hémogramme et de donner des conseils préventifs stricts.