bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Boundaries of Legal Personhood: Disability, Gender and the Cyborg
Authors: Renz Flora 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBy considering the death of the disability activist Engracia Figueroa as the consequence of her wheelchair being damaged by an airline, this article asks whether law could accommodate a definition of legal personhood that encompasses the possibility of bodies augmented by prosthetics, technology, and mobility aids. The use of mobility aids by disabled people and the role of prosthetic penises in so-called ‘gender fraud’ cases offer two useful provocations to consider the ways in which legal personhood, if defined as largely mapping on to an ideal, normative body, is becoming an increasingly inadequate legal concept in the modern age. Drawing on the work of Donna Haraway and the figure of the cyborg, this article argues that a more protean, flexible, and fluctuating understanding of legal personhood would offer both a more accurate and utopian conception of the body in law than the current essentialist approach found in a number of legal areas and particularly in English criminal law.
Real earnings management and the strategic release of new products: evidence from the motion picture industry
Authors: Gong James Jianxin , Young S. Mark , Zhou Aner 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrior studies on real earnings management (REM) focus mainly on estimating abnormal operating and investing activities at the firm level. We extend this literature by providing micro-level evidence regarding how financial reporting pressures influence new product release decisions, or product-level REM. Specifically, we compare how public and private studios differentially time the release of their movies. We find that, faced with pressure to boost quarterly revenues and earnings, public studios are more likely to release movies with high expected revenues in the last month of a fiscal quarter, compared to private studios. This documented result is stronger for firms with recent poor past performance, but is not present for movies in genres with a more targeted release window (e.g., romance and horror movies) and those using directors who have a history of collaboration with the studio. These results suggest that studios choose REM activities that have a lower impact on consumer demand and that minimize conflict with talent, consistent with choosing less costly activities to achieve financial reporting goals. A negative consequence of this financial reporting–driven product release strategy is that movies released in the last month of a quarter have lower international box office revenues. Taken together, these results provide evidence of the existence and consequences of product-level REM.
Vascular risk factors and astrocytic marker for the glymphatic system activity
Authors: Wei Yi-Chia , Hsu Chih-Chin Heather , Huang Wen-Yi , Lin Chemin , Chen Chih-Ken , Chen Yao-Liang , Chen Pin-Yuan , Shyu Yu-Chiau , Lin Ching-Po 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Glymphatic system maintains brain fluid circulation via active transportation of astrocytic aquaporin-4 in perivascular space. The diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) is an established method measuring perivascular glymphatic activity, but comprehensive investigations into its influential factors are lacking.

Methods
Community-dwelling older adults underwent brain MRI scans, neuropsychiatric, and multi-domain assessments. Blood biomarker tests included glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for astrocyte injury.

Results
In 71 enrolled participants, the DTI-ALPS index was associated with modifiable factors, including lipid profile (high-density lipoprotein, r = 0.396; very-low-density lipoprotein, r =  − 0.342), glucose intolerance (diabetes mellitus, standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.7662; glycated hemoglobin, r =  − 0.324), obesity (body mass index, r =  − 0.295; waist, r =  − 0.455), metabolic syndrome (SMD =   − 0.6068), cigarette-smoking (SMD =  − 0.6292), and renal clearance (creatinine, r =  − 0.387; blood urea nitrogen, r =  − 0.303). Unmodifiable associative factors of DTI-ALPS were age (r =  − 0.434) and sex (SMD = 1.0769) (all p < 0.05).
A correlation of DTI-ALPS and blood GFAP was noticed (r =  − 0.201, one-tailed t-test for the assumption that astrocytic injury impaired glymphatic activity, p = 0.046). Their cognitive correlations diverged, domain-specific for DTI-ALPS (Facial Memory Test, r = 0.272, p = 0.022) but global cognition-related for blood GFAP (MoCA, r =  − 0.264, p = 0.026; ADAS-cog, r = 0.304, p = 0.010).

Conclusion
This correlation analysis revealed multiple modifiable and unmodifiable association factors to the glymphatic image marker. The DTI-ALPS index correlated with various metabolic factors that are known to increase the risk of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the DTI-ALPS index was associated with renal indices, and this connection might be a link of water regulation between the two systems. In addition, the astrocytic biomarker, plasma GFAP, might be a potential marker of the glymphatic system; however, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Pancreatic steatosis and metabolic pancreatic disease: a new entity?
Authors: Caldart Federico , de Pretis Nicolò , Luchini Claudio , Ciccocioppo Rachele , Frulloni Luca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOverweight and obesity are some of the most important health challenges. Many diseases are related to these metabolic disorders, and, among them, the pancreatic fat accumulation, also called "pancreatic steatosis" or “nonalcoholic fatty pancreas”, seems to have an emerging role in different conditions. There are different method to evaluate the fat content in the pancreas, such as histology, different imaging techniques and endoscopic ultrasound, but there is no gold standard for the correct diagnosis and for the identification of “inter/intralobular” and “intra-acinar” pancreatic fat. However, the fat storage in the pancreas is linked to chronic inflammation and to several conditions, such as acute and chronic pancreatitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer. In addition, pancreatic fat accumulation has also been demonstrated to play a role in surgical outcome after pancreatectomy, in particular for the development of postoperative pancreatic fistula. Different possible therapeutic approaches have been proposed, but there is still a lack of evidence. The aim of this review is to report the current evidence about the relationship between the obesity, the pancreatic fat accumulation and its potential role in pancreatic diseases.
Reporting of conflict fatalities in the UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset: insights from Kosovo
Authors: Gromes Thorsten 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany studies rest on the assumption that Uppsala Conflict Data Program data allow for an unbiased approximation to the temporal and spatial variation of deadly violence across cases. This research note compares fatality data in the program’s Georeferenced Event Dataset with the name-by-name compilation of victims in the Kosovo Memory Book for the period 1 January 1998–30 June 1999. The extent of underreporting of fatalities in the Georeferenced Event Dataset increases with conflict intensity. Events outside Kosovo and events with many fatalities are disproportionally covered. The Georeferenced Event Dataset is more likely to ignore an event when many other events occur on the same day. Surprisingly, international observer missions do not make an event more likely to be reported. Despite the mentioned problems, the dataset’s high estimates of conflict deaths mirror the temporal and spatial variation of violence fairly well. Some of the inconsistencies and biases identified in the selected case plausibly also occur in other conflicts. Events that span several months or lack specific location data impede analysis and are more prominent in the dataset’s entries for Kosovo than in the entire Georeferenced Event Dataset.
Antenatal Exposure to Plastic Pollutants: Study of the Bisphenols and Perfluoroalkyls Effects on Human Stem Cell Models
Authors: Gaggi Giulia , Di Credico Andrea , Barbagallo Federica , Ballerini Patrizia , Ghinassi Barbara , Di Baldassarre Angela 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEndocrine disruptors (EDs), such as Bisphenols (BPs) and Perfluoroalkyls (PFs), are a class of plastic pollutants widely used in industrial applications. Human exposure to these molecules usually occurs through ingestion of contaminated food and water. Once entered the human body they can interfere with endogenous hormone signaling, leading to a wide spectrum of diseases. It has been reported that BPs and PFs can cross the placental barrier accumulating in the fetal serum, but the detrimental consequences for human development remain to be clarified. Here we analyze the effects of different doses of bisphenol A and S (BPA, BPS) perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on proliferation and mitochondrial health on different types of stem cells: through an integrated approach that combines data from pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) with that from the “environment” in which the embryo develops (fetal annexes-derived perinatal stem cells) we verified the potential developmental toxicity of the in utero EDs exposure. Data obtained showed that overall, BPs, and PFs tended to increase the proliferation rate of perinatal stem cells; a similar response was observed in hiPSCs exposed to very low doses of BPs and PFs, while at higher concentrations these chemicals were toxic; in addition, both the BPs and the PFs exerted a mitotoxic effects hiPSCs at all the concentration studied. All these data suggest that antenatal exposure to BPs and PFs, also at very low concentrations, may modify the biological characteristics of stem cells present in both the developing fetus and the fetal annexes, thus perturbing normal human development.
MCCFNet: Multi-channel Color Fusion Network For Cognitive Classification of Traditional Chinese Paintings
Authors: Geng Jing , Zhang Xin , Yan Yijun , Sun Meijun , Zhang Huiyuan , Assaad Maher , Ren Jinchang , Li Xiaoquan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe computational modeling and analysis of traditional Chinese painting rely heavily on cognitive classification based on visual perception. This approach is crucial for understanding and identifying artworks created by different artists. However, the effective integration of visual perception into artificial intelligence (AI) models remains largely unexplored. Additionally, the classification research of Chinese painting faces certain challenges, such as insufficient investigation into the specific characteristics of painting images for author classification and recognition. To address these issues, we propose a novel framework called multi-channel color fusion network (MCCFNet), which aims to extract visual features from diverse color perspectives. By considering multiple color channels, MCCFNet enhances the ability of AI models to capture intricate details and nuances present in Chinese painting. To improve the performance of the DenseNet model, we introduce a regional weighted pooling (RWP) strategy specifically designed for the DenseNet169 architecture. This strategy enhances the extraction of highly discriminative features. In our experimental evaluation, we comprehensively compared the performance of our proposed MCCFNet model against six state-of-the-art models. The comparison was conducted on a dataset consisting of 2436 TCP samples, derived from the works of 10 renowned Chinese artists. The evaluation metrics employed for performance assessment were Top-1 Accuracy and the area under the curve (AUC). The experimental results have shown that our proposed MCCFNet model significantly outperform all other benchmarking methods with the highest classification accuracy of 98.68%. Meanwhile, the classification accuracy of any deep learning models on TCP can be much improved when adopting our proposed framework.
TRPC Channels Activated by G Protein-Coupled Receptors Drive Ca2+ Dysregulation Leading to Secondary Brain Injury in the Mouse Model
Authors: Parmar Jasneet , von Jonquieres Georg , Gorlamandala Nagarajesh , Chung Brandon , Craig Amanda J. , Pinyon Jeremy L. , Birnbaumer Lutz , Klugmann Matthias , Moorhouse Andrew J. , Power John M. , Housley Gary D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCanonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) non-selective cation channels, particularly those assembled with TRPC3, TRPC6, and TRPC7 subunits, are coupled to Gαq-type G protein-coupled receptors for the major classes of excitatory neurotransmitters. Sustained activation of this TRPC channel-based pathophysiological signaling hub in neurons and glia likely contributes to prodigious excitotoxicity-driven secondary brain injury expansion. This was investigated in mouse models with selective Trpc gene knockout (KO). In adult cerebellar brain slices, application of glutamate and the class I metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine to Purkinje neurons expressing the GCaMP5g Ca2+ reporter demonstrated that the majority of the Ca2+ loading in the molecular layer dendritic arbors was attributable to the TRPC3 effector channels (Trpc3KO compared with wildtype (WT)). This Ca2+ dysregulation was associated with glutamate excitotoxicity causing progressive disruption of the Purkinje cell dendrites (significantly abated in a GAD67-GFP-Trpc3KO reporter brain slice model). Contribution of the Gαq-coupled TRPC channels to secondary brain injury was evaluated in a dual photothrombotic focal ischemic injury model targeting cerebellar and cerebral cortex regions, comparing day 4 post-injury in WT mice, Trpc3KO, and Trpc1/3/6/7 quadruple knockout (TrpcQKO), with immediate 2-h (primary) brain injury. Neuroprotection to secondary brain injury was afforded in both brain regions by Trpc3KO and TrpcQKO models, with the TrpcQKO showing greatest neuroprotection. These findings demonstrate the contribution of the Gαq-coupled TRPC effector mechanism to excitotoxicity-based secondary brain injury expansion, which is a primary driver for mortality and morbidity in stroke, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy.
Caregiver-Implemented Feeding Interventions for Autistic Children with Food Selectivity: a Systematic Review
Authors: Blennerhassett Claire , Richards Michael , Clayton Stephen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCaregiver-led interventions have been implemented to improve food selectivity in autistic children. This systematic review assesses the meaningfulness of improvements in food, behaviour, and family outcomes, alongside the acceptability of said interventions. Four key academic databases were searched using key terms related to autism, food selectivity, and parent-led interventions. Thirsty-six studies were reviewed and improvements in food outcomes were reported in all studies, but it was unclear how meaningful this was for the child’s nutritional status. In addition, it was difficult to draw meaningful conclusions about the acceptability of interventions in the family environment. Future parent-led interventions should measure food outcomes in a standardised way that considers the nutritional status of the child and include detailed exploration of intervention acceptability.
Kognitives und emotionales Erleben als Indikator psychischer (Fehl‑)Beanspruchung in der Tiermedizin
Authors: Woitha Ulrike , Pohl Robert , Gonschor Cecile , Thielmann Beatrice , Böckelmann Irina 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Verschiedene Studienergebnisse weisen auf hohe physische und psychische Belastungen von TierärztInnen hin, die sich einerseits in hohen Prävalenzen psychischer Erkrankungen und andererseits in einer besorgniserregend hohen Suizidalität in dieser Berufsgruppe niederschlagen. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, arbeitsbedingte Belastungsfaktoren der TierärztInnen in Deutschland darzustellen und deren Auswirkung auf die kognitive und emotionale Irritation als Indikator psychischer (Fehl‑)Beanspruchung geschlechtsdifferenziert darzustellen.

Methodik
Es nahmen 1046 TierärztInnen an der Onlinebefragung teil (64,7 % Frauen, 35,3 % Männer). Neben soziodemografischen Daten wurde kognitive und emotionale Irritation mittels der Irritationsskala nach Mohr et al. erhoben und im Geschlechtervergleich analysiert. Eine einfaktorielle Varianzanalyse wurde unter Berücksichtigung unabhängiger Variablen wie Geschlecht, Familienstand, Alter, Fachbereich und Anstellungsart mit Berechnung der Effektstärke durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Die Auswertung der berufsbezogenen Daten nach den Geschlechtern ergab keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Es zeigte sich, dass etwa ein Drittel der untersuchten Stichprobe (29,4 %) ihren Lohn als nicht leistungsgerecht und fair empfinden, hingegen 52,5 % ihre wirtschaftliche Lage als gut bis sehr gut bewerten. Die TierärztInnen leisteten viele Überstunden. Die Stichprobe wies hohe Werte kognitiver und emotionaler Irritation auf ohne signifikante geschlechtsbezogene Unterschiede der Irritationsausprägungen (MW Kognitive Irritation: 6,8 [± 2,01] vs. 7,0 [± 1,90]; MW Emotionale Irritation: 6,4 [± 2,13] vs. 6,5 [± 2,01]; MW Gesamtindex: 6,8 [± 2,01] vs. 6,9 [± 1,96]). Über die Hälfte der praktizierenden TierärztInnen weisen eine überdurchschnittliche Ausprägung der Irritationsskalen aus.

Diskussion
Die emotionale und kognitive Irritation in dieser Berufsgruppe ist hoch und scheint geschlechterunabhängig zu sein. Da die Irritation als Indikator für (Fehl‑)Beanspruchung gesehen wird, sollten Präventions- und Interventionsprogramme bereits früh im Berufsleben oder vorab in den Universitäten angeboten werden.
Drivers of scarcity in the globally threatened Taita Falcon Falco fasciinucha: competition and habitat quality in the eastern escarpment region of South Africa
Authors: Jenkins A. R. , van Zyl A. J. , Colyn R. B. , Brink C. W. , Smit-Robinson H. A. , Whitecross M. A. 
Published: July 2023

Summary
The Taita Falcon Falco fasciinucha is known to occur and breed at only a few locations in eastern and southern Africa and is currently listed as globally “Vulnerable” and “Critically Endangered” in South Africa. An accurate estimation of its conservation status is however hampered by a lack of data and understanding of the species’ habitat requirements and competitive interactions with congeners. Our aim was to address some of these knowledge gaps. We conducted cliff-nesting raptor surveys across a substantial area of the Mpumalanga/Limpopo escarpment in north-eastern South Africa and modelled habitat suitability for nesting Taita Falcons in relation to the proximity of conspecifics and a community of five other sympatric cliff-nesting raptor species, and in relation to a suite of biotic and abiotic environmental variables. Results suggested the location of Taita Falcon nest sites was negatively associated with distance to the nearest pair of conspecifics and the nearest pair of Lanner Falcons Falco biarmicus, and positively associated with tracts of intact, unfragmented forest and woodland around the base of the cliffs. Our results indicated that Taita Falcon and Lanner Falcon appeared to be responding in opposite ways to a directional change in environmental conditions. This response appeared to be detrimental to Taita Falcon and beneficial to Lanner Falcon. Furthermore, the degradation and destruction of Afrotropical woodland and forest is a documented and ongoing reality, both locally and across much of the Taita Falcon’s global distribution. We argue that our findings are sufficient to justify uplisting Taita Falcon to globally “Endangered”.
Canopy Structure and Air Temperature Inversions Impact Simulation of Sub‐Canopy Longwave Radiation in Snow‐Covered Boreal Forests
Authors: Rutter Nick , Essery Richard , Baxter Robert , Hancock Steven , Horton Maya , Huntley Brian , Reid Tim , Woodward John 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLongwave radiation is often the dominant source of energy for snowmelt in forests. Measurements at forest sites of varying density in Sweden and Finland show that downwelling longwave radiation is enhanced under forest canopies, even for sparse canopies and particularly for clear skies. Canopy density must be estimated accurately to predict this enhancement. Linear regression with above‐canopy longwave radiation and air temperature as predictors of sub‐canopy radiation gives good predictions of sub‐canopy longwave radiation with weightings for transmission through canopy gaps that are close to measured sky view fractions. Air temperature serves here as a proxy for effective canopy radiative temperature. Adding above‐canopy shortwave radiation as a predictor gives little improvement in the predictions, suggesting that daytime heating of trunks above the air temperature (“hot trees”) has limited influence on longwave radiation under these continuous canopies. The influence of canopy temperatures falling below the above‐canopy air temperature (“cold trees”) on calm, clear nights, however, is apparent. Decoupling of canopy and above‐canopy air temperatures in an energy balance model of the type used in large‐scale land surface modeling allows this cooling.
Nicotinamide enhances osteoblast differentiation through activation of the mitochondrial antioxidant defense system
Authors: Yoon Heein , Park Seung Gwa , Kim Hyun-Jung , Shin Hye-Rim , Kim Ki-Tae , Cho Young-Dan , Moon Jae-I , Park Min-Sang , Kim Woo-Jin , Ryoo Hyun-Mo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough the normal physiological level of oxidative stress is beneficial for maintaining bone homeostasis, imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense can cause various bone diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine whether nicotinamide (NAM), an NAD+ precursor, can support the maintenance of bone homeostasis by regulating osteoblasts. Here, we found that NAM enhances osteoblast differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism. NAM increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes, which is due to increased FOXO3A transcriptional activity via SIRT3 activation. NAM has not only a preventive effect against weak and chronic oxidative stress but also a therapeutic effect against strong and acute exposure to H2O2 in osteoblast differentiation. Collectively, the results indicate that NAM increases mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzyme expression through activation of the SIRT3-FOXO3A axis, which consequently enhances osteoblast differentiation. These results suggest that NAM could be a potential preventive or therapeutic agent for bone diseases caused by ROS.