bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BIKINI ANTERIOR HIP ARTHROPLASTIES IN OBESE PATIENTS ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF COMPLICATION
Authors: Nizam I. , Alva A. , Dabirrahmani D. , Choudary D. 
Published: February 2023

Direct anterior approach (DAA) arthroplasty has generated great interest because of its minimally invasive and muscle sparing nature. Obese patients are reported to be associated with greater incidence of complications in primary joint replacement. The purpose of this study was to compare patient outcomes and complication rates between obese and non-obese patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) through a Bikini direct anterior incision.This retrospective, single surgeon study compared the outcome of 258 obese patients and 200 non-obese patients undergoing DAA THA using a Bikini incision, over a 7-year period. The average follow-up was 4.2 years (range 2.6-7.6 years).There were no statistically significant differences in the complication rate between the two groups. The obese group recorded 2 major (venous thromboembolism and peri-prosthetic fracture) and 2 minor complications (superficial wound infection), compared with the non-obese group, which recorded 2 major (deep-wound infection and peri-prosthetic fracture) and 1 minor complication (superficial wound infection). Patient-reported outcomes (WOMAC and Harris Hip Scores) showed significant post-operative improvements (p < 0.001) and did not differ between the two groups.Bikini DDA THA does not increase the complication rate in obese patients and offers similar clinical improvements compared to non-obese patients.(200 words)
AN ANALYSIS OF BILATERAL SYMMETRY OF THE KNEE USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANS
Authors: Mactier L.A. , Baker M. , Twiggs J.G. , Miles B.P. , Negus J.J. 
Published: February 2023

A primary goal of revision Total Knee Arthroplasty (rTKA) is restoration of the Joint Line (JL) and Posterior Condylar Offsets (PCO). The presence of a native contralateral joint allows JL and PCO to be inferred in a way that could account for patient-specific anatomical variations more accurately than current techniques. This study assesses bilateral distal femoral symmetry in the context of defining targets for restoration of JL and PCO in rTKA.566 pre-operative CTs for bilateral TKAs were segmented and landmarked by two engineers. Landmarks were taken on both femurs at the medial and lateral epicondyles, distal and posterior condyles and hip and femoral centres. These landmarks were used to calculate the distal and posterior offsets on the medial and lateral sides (MDO, MPO, LDO, LPO respectively), the lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), TEA to PCA angle (TEAtoPCA) and anatomic to mechanical axis angle (AAtoMA). Mean bilateral differences in these measures were calculated and cases were categorised according to the amount of asymmetry.The database analysed included 54.9% (311) females with a mean population age of 68.8 (±7.8) years. The mean bilateral difference for each measure was: LDFA 1.4° (±1.0), TEAtoPCA 1.3° (±0.9), AAtoMA 0.5° (±0.5), MDO 1.4mm (±1.1), MPO 1.0mm (±0.8). The categorisation of asymmetry for each measure was: LDFA had 39.9% of cases with <1° bilateral difference and 92.4% with <3° bilateral difference, TEAtoPCA had 45.8% <1° and 96.6% <3°, AAtoMA had 85.7% <1° and 99.8% <3°, MDO had 46.2% <1mm and 90.3% <3mm, MPO had 57.0% <1mm and 97.9% <3mm.This study presents evidence supporting bilateral distal femoral symmetry. Using the contralateral anatomy to obtain estimates for JL and PCO in rTKA may result in improvements in intraoperative accuracy compared to current techniques and a more patient specific solution to operative planning.
THE LONG ARTHROPLASTY WAITING TIMES EFFECT ON SARCOPENIA (THE LATE STUDY) IN THE SOUTH AUSTRALIA PUBLIC HEALTHCARE SYSTEM: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Tan W.P.J. , Yu S. , Gill T. , Campbell D. , Umapathysivam K. , Smitham P. 
Published: February 2023

The progressive painful and disabling predicament of patients with severe osteoarthritis awaiting a total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) results in a decline in muscle mass, strength and function also known as Sarcopenia.We conducted a cross-sectional, prospective study of patients on the waiting-list for a THA/TKA in the South Australian public healthcare system and compared the findings to healthy participants and patients newly referred from their general practitioners. Participants with a history of joint replacements, pacemakers and cancers were excluded from this study. Outcomes of this study included (i) sarcopenia screening (SARC-F ≥4); (ii) sarcopenia, defined as low muscle strength (hand grip strength M<27kg; F<16kg), low muscle quality (skeletal muscle index M<27%, F<22.1%) and low physical performance (short physical performance battery ≤8). Additional outcomes include descriptions of the recruitment feasibility, randomisation and suitability of the assessment tools.29 healthy controls were recruited; following screening, 83% (24/29) met the inclusion criteria and 75% (18/24) were assessed. 42 newly referred patients were recruited; following screening, 67% (30/45) met the inclusion criteria and 63% (19/30) were assessed. 68 waiting list patients were recruited; following recruitment, 24% (16/68) met the inclusion criteria and 75% (12/16) were assessed. Preliminary data shows increasing waiting time is associated with higher SARC-F scores, lower hand grip strength and lower muscle quality.As a pilot study, preliminary data demonstrate that: (1) study subjects’ willingness to participate will enable a larger study to be conducted to establish the prevalence of sarcopenia and the diagnostic cut-off points for this patient group. (2) SARC-F is a suitable tool to screen for sarcopenia. (3) There is a positive correlation between waiting time for a THA/TKA and sarcopenia.
PREOPERATIVE MEDIAL LAXITY IN MIDFLEXION AND FLEXION CORRELATES WITH POORER KOOS-12 FUNCTION SCORES PRIOR TO TKA
Authors: Petterwood J. , Sullivan J. , Coffey S. , McMahon S. , Wakelin E.A. , Plaskos C. , Orsi A.D. 
Published: February 2023

Preoperative ligament laxity can be characterized intraoperatively using digital robotic tensioners. Understanding how preoperative knee joint laxity affects preoperative and early post-operative patient reported outcomes (PROMs) may aid surgeons in tailoring intra-operative balance and laxity to optimize outcomes for specific patients.This study aims to determine if preoperative ligament laxity is associated with PROMs, and if laxity thresholds impact PROMs during early post-operative recovery.106 patients were retrospectively reviewed. BMI was 31±7kg/m2. Mean age was 67±8 years. 69% were female. Medial and lateral knee joint laxity was measured intraoperatively using a digital robotic ligament tensioning device after a preliminary tibial resection.Linear regressions between laxity and KOOS12-function were performed in extension (10°), midflexion (45°), and flexion (90°) at preoperative, 6-week, and 3-month time points. Patients were separated into two laxity groups: ≥7 mm laxity and <7 mm laxity. Student's t-tests determined significant differences between laxity groups for KOOS12-function scores at all time points.Correlations were found between preoperative KOOS12-function and medial laxity in midflexion (p<0.001) and flexion (p<0.01). Patients with <7 mm of medial laxity had greater preoperative KOOS12-function scores compared to patients with ≥7 mm of medial laxity in extension (46.8±18.2 vs. 29.5±15.6, p<0.05), midflexion (48.4±17.8 vs. 32±16.1, p<0.001), and flexion (47.7±18.3 vs. 32.6±14.7, p<0.01). No differences in KOOS12-function scores were observed between medial laxity groups at 6-weeks or 3-months. All knees had <5 mm of medial laxity postoperatively. No correlations were found between lateral laxity and KOOS12-function.Patients with preoperative medial laxity ≥7 mm had lower preoperative PROMs scores compared to patients with <7 mm of medial laxity. No differences in PROMs were observed between laxity groups at 6 weeks or 3 months. Patients with excessive preoperative joint laxity achieve similar PROMs scores to those without excessive laxity after undergoing gap balancing TKA.
TRENDS IN THE SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PROXIMAL HUMERUS FRACTURE OVER THE LAST 20 YEARS
Authors: Xu J. , Sivakumar B. , Nandapalan H. , Moopanar T. , Harries D. , Page R. , Symes M. 
Published: February 2023

Proximal humerus fractures (PHF) are common, accounting for approximately 5% of all fractures. Approximately 30% require surgical intervention which can range from open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) to shoulder arthroplasty (including hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, (TSA) or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA)). The aim of this study was to assess trends in operative interventions for PHF in an Australian population.Data was retrospectively collected for patients diagnosed with a PHF and requiring surgical intervention between January 2001 and December 2020. Data for patients undergoing ORIF were extracted from the Medicare database, while data for patients receiving arthroplasty for PHF were obtained from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR).Across the study period, ORIF was the most common surgical procedure for management of PHFs. However, since 2019, RTSA has surpassed ORIF as the most common surgical procedure to treat PHFs, accounting for 51% of operations. While the number of RTSA procedures for PHF has increased, ORIF and shoulder hemiarthroplasty has significantly reduced since 2007 (p < 0.001). TSA has remained uncommon across the follow-up period, accounting for less than 1% of all operations. Patients younger than 65 years were more likely to receive ORIF, while those aged 65 years or greater were more likely to receive hemiarthroplasty or RTSA.While the number of ORIF procedures has increased during the period of interest, it has diminished as a proportion of overall procedure volume. RTSA is becoming increasingly popular, with decreasing utilization of hemiarthroplasty, and TSA for fracture remaining uncommon. These trends provide information that can be used to guide resource allocation and health provision in the future. A comparison to similar data from other nations would be useful.
A COMPARISON OF PFNA VERSUS INTERTAN CEPHALOMEDULLARY NAILS FOR UNSTABLE PROXIMAL FEMUR FRACTURES
Authors: Burrows K. , Lock A. , Smith Z. , McChesney S. 
Published: February 2023

Failure of cephalomedullary fixation for proximal femur fractures is an uncommon event associated with significant morbidity to the patient and cost to the healthcare system. This institution changed nailing system from the PFNA (DePuy Synthes) to InterTan (Smith and Nephew) in February 2020. To assess for non-inferiority, a retrospective review was performed on 247 patients treated for unstable proximal femur fractures (AO 31 A2; A3).Patients were identified through manual review of fluoroscopic images. Stable fracture patterns were excluded (AO 31 A1). Pre/post operative imaging, demographic data, operative time and ASA scores assessed. Internal/external imaging and national joint registry data were reviewed for follow up.No significant difference was found in overall failure rate of PFNA vs InterTan (4.84% vs 3.23%; p = 0.748). Overall, short nails were more likely to fail by cut-out than long nails (7.5% vs 1.2%; p = 0.015). Nails which failed by varus cut-out had a higher tip/apex distance (TAD) (26.2mm vs 17.0mm; p < 0.001). Of concern, varus cut-out occurred in two InterTan nails with TAD of <25mm. The PFNA enjoyed a shorter operative time for both the short (59.1 vs 71.8 mins; p = 0.022) and long nails (98.8 vs 114.3 mins; p = 0.016) with no difference in 120-day survival rate.Overall failure rates of the PFNA and InterTan nailing systems were comparable. However, the failure rate of short nails in this study is concerning. Using long nails with a lag screw design for unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures may reduce failure rates. Cumulative frequency analysis suggests stringent tip-apex distances of less than 21mm may reduce failure rates in lag-screw design cephulomedullary nails. This dataset suggests that unstable intertrochanteric fractures may be more reliably managed with a long cephalomedullary device.
Cyber-Sicherheit für kritische Energieinfrastrukturen – Handlungsempfehlungen zur Umsetzung einer Zero-Trust-Architektur
Authors: Buck Christoph , Eymann Torsten , Jelito Dennis , Schlatt Vincent , Schweizer André , Strobel Jacqueline , Weiß Florian 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungKritische Infrastrukturen – wie diejenigen der Sektoren Wasser, Energie und Ernährung – bilden die Grundlage einer funktionierenden, modernen Gesellschaft. Eine Kompromittierung dieser Infrastrukturen kann zu weitreichenden Störungen und Gefahren für Leib und Leben führen. Der Schutz sowie die Sicherstellung des Betriebs kritischer Infrastrukturen sind deshalb von entscheidender Bedeutung. Während in der Vergangenheit hauptsächlich der physische Schutz vor Angriffen im Mittelpunkt stand, entstehen durch die zunehmende Digitalisierung kritischer Infrastrukturen zusätzliche Angriffspunkte und Risiken. Im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Ansätzen zur Absicherung kritischer Energieinfrastrukturen kann eine Absicherung mithilfe einer Zero-Trust-Architektur die mit diesen Entwicklungen einhergehenden Anforderungen erfüllen.Aufgrund der verhältnismäßig geringen Verbreitung von Zero-Trust-Architekturen im kritischen Energieinfrastruktursektor existiert bisher allerdings nur unzureichend praxisrelevante Literatur zur Entwicklung und Implementierung einer solchen Architektur. Diese Arbeit stellt daher sowohl die Erfahrungen aus einem laufenden Entwicklungs- und Implementierungsprojekt als auch die hiervon abgeleiteten technischen und organisationalen Handlungsempfehlungen im Rahmen eines Action-Design-Forschungsansatzes vor und trägt dadurch zur Schließung dieser Forschungslücke bei.
Risks of snakebite and challenges to seeking and providing treatment for agro-pastoral communities in Tanzania
Authors: Francis Monica Fredrick , Vianney Sr. John-Mary , Heitz-Tokpa Kathrin , Kreppel Katharina 
Published: February 2023

Background
Continuous occurrence of snakebite incidences and the vulnerability of some communities remain a critical problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite causing permanent disability to almost half a million people annually and numerous deaths, snakebite and associated complications are still largely neglected. This study aimed at elucidating risk factors associated with snakebite cases, treatment availability and case management practices for vulnerable agro-pastoralist communities in Northern Tanzania.

Methods
Data was collected in the Monduli (Arusha region) and the Simanjiro (Manyara region) districts in Tanzania. Interviews with 101 snakebite victims or their guardians and 13 health professionals from 3 health centers in the districts were conducted. Additionally, case records of patients admitted between 2007 and 2019 to the Meserani Snakebite Clinic were obtained.

Results
This study showed that appropriate treatment for snakebite including anti-venom, is difficult to access and that snakebite incidences were significantly linked to factors such as gender, age, socio-economic activity, season of the year, and whether being at home or out in the fields. Anti-venom and trained health professionals were only available at the Meserani Snake Park Clinic. Men were bitten most often (χ2 = 62.08, df = 4, p-value < 0.0001). Overall, adults between the ages of 18 and 60 years (χ2 = 62.08, df = 4, p-value < 0.0001) received most bites, usually while outdoors herding cattle in the dry season. A significant majority of victims looked for traditional treatment first (52.7%, χ2 = 29.541, df = 2, p-value = 0.0001). The results of this study present crucial information on what is needed to improve the accessibility to appropriate treatment after a snakebite among agro-pastoral communities.

Conclusion
The situation regarding morbidity and mortality due to the inaccessibility of common treatment for snakebite in northern Tanzania is challenging. Reliance on traditional medicine exacerbates the situation. There is dire need to involve affected communities, researchers, the government, clinicians and the public in general, to work together and take part in the global snakebite initiative. Communities and health professionals recognise the underlying challenges and have valuable suggestions on how to improve the situation.
Efficiency analysis by training sequence of high-fidelity simulation-based neonatal resuscitation program (NRP)
Authors: Choi Seoheui , Shim Hoyeon , Lee Jang H. 
Published: February 2023

Objective
This study was conducted to find a more effective education method in a neonatal resuscitation program (NRP) using a high-fidelity simulation that has recently shown positive results in terms of its effectiveness.

Study design
A single-blind prospective cohort study was performed. The high-fidelity simulation model was used in a formal NRP training course for trainees caring for neonatal patients. The trainees were divided into a group that conducted the scenario after the lecture (Group A) and a group that attended the lecture after the scenario (Group B) and they both took the test before, during, and after the training.

Results
The increase in score after theory training was statistically significant in both groups, but the final score did not differ between the two groups. However, when compared by career, in Group A, trainees under 24 months tended to be more effective, and in Group B, trainees over 24 months tended to be more effective.

Conclusion
The difference in short-term memory of trainees according to the order of education identified by the test score was not prominent, but it was found that the degree of difference in test scores for the order of education tended to be different according to the career. It is thought that the effectiveness of the training might be increased by changing the education order according to the degree of experience of each trainee. More effective educational methods should be introduced by continuously developing lectures for repeated education of various trainees in the future.
Estancia formativa en el hospital Carl Gustav Carus de Dresden
Authors: Pacheco-López Sofía 
Published: February 2023

Durante el mes de abril de 2022 he realizado una estancia formativa en el Hospital Carl Gustav Carus de Dresden, junto al Pr Dr Thomas Zahnert, referente internacional en cirugía de oído. En este mes me he encontrado formándome en el ámbito quirúrgico de nuestra especialidad, en concreto en la cirugía de oído medio en la que son de referencia. Entre las técnicas quirúrgicas más visitadas en este centro se encuentran: timpanoplastias, mastoidectomías, estapedectomías, colocación de implantes cocleares y, en alguna ocasión, cirugía de base de cráneo. A su vez, he aprovechado la oportunidad para ver otros procedimientos no otológicos, ya sean oncológicos, de nasosinusología, etc. Por otro lado, es una oportunidad el poder haber visto como trabajan otros servicios, e incluso, de otros centros a nivel internacional para poder tener otra forma de entender la medicina. Ha sido una experiencia tanto profesional como personal única y quería por este motivo agradecer enormemente el haberme concedido la oportunidad de ser beneficiara de la beca de la Sociedad de Castilla y León, Cantabria y La Rioja.
Cirugía robótica transoral en un tumor parafaríngeo de gran tamaño, a propósito de un caso
Authors: Bayona-Romero Laura Manuela , Vallés-Rodríguez Carmen , Rettig-Infante Isidora Paz , Llorente-Álvarez Claudia , Gil-Carcedo Sañudo Elisa 
Published: February 2023

Introducción: El espacio parafaríngeo es un espacio anatómico complejo. Los tumores que surgen en esta región son raros y la cirugía constituye la primera opción de tratamiento en la mayoría de los casos(1). Aunque tradicionalmente las masas de gran tamaño en este espacio se abordan de forma transcervical, la cirugía transoral robótica (TORS) aporta grandes ventajas, siendo más segura, menos mórbida y potencialmente más efectiva, mejorando claramente el postoperatorio del paciente con menos dolor, menos riesgo de daño de estructural nobles cervicales y recuperación más rápida. La TORS permite la exéresis de lesiones de hasta 8 cm, como se ha comunicado en algunas publicaciones(2).
Presentamos el caso de un paciente con una masa cervical en el espacio parafaríngeo y retrofaríngeo derecho de gran tamaño que fue resecada mediante cirugía TORS.
Métodos: Paciente de 21 años con antecedente de neurofibromatosis tipo 1 que presenta una masa cervical en el espacio parafaríngeo y retrofaríngeo derecho de 71 x 32 x 45 mm de diámetros craneocaudal, anteroposterior y trasversal, aparentemente dependiente de la cadena simpática cervical, que en el momento del diagnóstico no provoca ninguna sintomatología. Durante el seguimiento del paciente mediante estudios de imagen (RM cervical) se objetiva un aumento del tamaño de la lesión, así como inicio de alteraciones en la deglución y presencia de voz engolada por oclusión significativa de la orofaringe. Se decide extirpar la masa mediante abordaje transoral con cirugía robótica (TORS). Durante el postoperatorio presentó un síndrome de Horner transitorio por afectación de la cadena simpática cervical. Además, asoció trismo y paresia del XII par craneal por compresión en el abordaje que mejoró progresivamente gracias al tratamiento logopédico recibido en el postoperatorio inmediato. Histopatológicamente el tumor fue diagnosticado de "Neurofibroma intraneural grado I (WHO)”.
Discusión: La cirugía transoral robótica constituye una indicación terapéutica emergente para la resección de tumores del espacio parafaríngeo(1,2,3,4). Con los avances tecnológicos se ha extendido su indicación para tumores de mayor tamaño en los cuales el facultativo debe tener en cuenta múltiples factores del paciente y del tumor, tales como la histopatología de la lesión, extensión lateral y craneocaudal de la masa y la relación con la arteria carótida entre otros(2). Es imprescindible una buena apertura bucal.
Conclusión: La cirugía transoral robótica presenta una disminución en la morbilidad cuando se realiza una adecuada selección del paciente(1,2). En el caso que presentamos se realizó una exéresis competa de la lesión a pesar del tamaño de la misma. Es necesario documentar resultados a largo plazo de este tipo de abordajes para determinar sus ventajas sobre el abordaje abierto.