bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Temperature Oxidation‐Resistant Printed Copper Conductors
Authors: Khuje Saurabh , Alshatnawi Firas , Alhendi Mohammed , Yu Jian , Sheng Aaron , Huang Yulong , Zhuang Cheng‐Gang , Armstrong Jason , Zhou Chi , Poliks Mark , Ren Shenqiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdvanced materials, electrically conductive and oxidation resistant, are frontrunners for technological advancements in cutting‐edge high‐temperature electronics. Rational design and manufacturing of hierarchical material structures is indispensable to achieve such disparate functionalities. Here, high‐temperature copper–graphene conductors, through additive manufacturing, which prohibits oxygen adsorbates and serves as the barrier for oxygen migration to enable electric stability and reliability at high temperatures, are reported. The combination of graphene and alumina surface passivation enables the electric stability of copper–graphene under thermal impact above 1000 °C. The findings shown here, the synergistic combination of high conductivity and oxidation resistance, enunciate the passivation capabilities for additively manufactured flexible electronics operating under harsh conditions.
Emulating Nociceptive Receptor and LIF Neuron Behavior via ZrOx‐based Threshold Switching Memristor
Authors: Yang Jia‐He , Mao Shi‐Cheng , Chen Kuan‐Ting , Chen Jen‐Sue 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor the progress of artificial neural networks, the imitation of multiple biological functions is indispensable for processing more tasks in a complex working environment. Memristors, which possess these advantages such as uniformity, high switching speed, and smaller device scale, are the better candidates compared to conventional complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology in artificial neural networks. In this work, an Ag/ZrOx/Pt threshold switching memristor (TSM) is designed to overcome the drawback of the large variation in the non‐volatile filament type memristor. The cycle‐to‐cycle and device‐to‐device variations are 5.6% and 4.9%. This device has mimicked the “nociceptive threshold,” “relaxation,” “no adaptation,” and “sensitization” features for the nociceptor which can prevent the artificial intelligence system from dangers in the external environment. Additionally, with the change in the strength of the external stimulus, the artificial neuron is also built by emulating “all‐or‐nothing,” “threshold‐driven‐spiking,” and “strength‐modulated” characteristics. The proposed threshold‐switching memristor allows the simultaneous emulation of the biological nociceptor and leaky integrate‐and‐fire neuron for the first time, which represents an advance in the bioinspired technology adopted in future artificial neural networks and humanoid robots.
Extraordinarily Weak Temperature Dependence of the Drain Current in Small‐Molecule Schottky‐Contact‐Controlled Transistors through Active‐Layer and Contact Interplay
Authors: Bestelink Eva , Teng Hao‐Jing , Zschieschang Ute , Klauk Hagen , Sporea Radu A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLow saturation voltages and extremely high intrinsic gain can be achieved in contact‐controlled thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with staggered device architecture, enabled by the energy barrier introduced at the source contact. The resulting device, the source‐gated transistor (SGT), is limited in its usefulness by the high temperature dependence of the drain current induced by the source energy barrier. Here, the interaction between the thermal characteristics of the source contact and the semiconductor to show drastically reduced temperature dependence for SGTs based on organic semiconductors (OSGTs) is exploited. This extraordinarily weak temperature dependence of the drain current is observed regardless of the height of the source energy barrier (27.8% in OSGTs with Ti contacts compared to 22.1% when using Au contacts, over a 34 K range). The reduction in mobility of the semiconductor offsets an increase in thermionic‐field emission of charge carriers at the source. This is a first for SGTs and provides a route to removing one of the last hurdles to their wider adoption. The OSGTs with Ti contacts also demonstrate: drain‐current saturation at very low drain‐source voltages (saturation factor of 0.22); noteworthy stability after 70 days; and minimal drain‐current variation with channel length or illumination.
Atropoenantioselective Arylation of 5‐Amino‐Isothiazoles with Methyl p‐Quinone Carboxylate
Authors: Yan Yingkun , Li Min , Shi Quan , Huang Min , Li Wenzhe , Cao Lianyi , Zhang Xiaomei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIsothiazole units exist in many natural products and pharmaceutics. Up to now, construction of isothiazole‐containing axially chiral biaryls has not been reported yet. Herein we disclose a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed atropoenantioselective arylation of 5‐amino‐isothiazoles with methyl p‐quinone carboxylate. Various novel isothiazole‐containing axially chiral biaryls were achieved in moderate to good yields (up to 95%) with generally moderate to good enantioselectivities (up to 90% ee). In addition, the structure of one product was determined by an X‐ray crystal structural analysis and a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed.
Total Syntheses of h5‐HT2A Receptor Antagonist, FPTase Inhibitor, FGIN‐1‐27 and its Analog by Exploiting NHC‐Catalyzed Imine Umpolung as Key Step
Authors: Harish Battu , Reddy Manyam Subbi , Suresh Surisetti 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe total syntheses of h5‐HT2A receptor antagonist, FPTase inhibitor, FGIN‐1‐27 and its analog have been accomplished from readily accessible starting materials such as ortho‐amino cinnamyl ester/amides and substituted benzaldehydes. The N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed reaction enabled the synthesis of versatile intermediates, 2‐aryl indole‐3‐acetic acid derivatives. Further synthetic manipulations such as N‐alkylation, ester hydrolysis, amide bond formation, and carbonyl reduction delivered the titled biologically potent molecules in very good overall yields.
Prevalence of Mutations in Mendelian Stroke Genes in Early Onset Stroke Patients
Authors: Park Hong‐Kyun , Lee Keon‐Joo , Park Jong‐Moo , Kang Kyusik , Lee Soo Joo , Kim Jae Guk , Cha Jae‐Kwan , Kim Dae‐Hyun , Han Moon‐Ku , Kang Jihoon , Kim Beom Joon , Park Tai Hwan , Park Moo‐Seok , Lee Kyung Bok , Lee Jun , Hong Keun‐Sik , Cho Yong‐Jin , Lee Byung‐Chul , Yu Kyung‐Ho , Oh Mi Sun , Kim Joon‐Tae , Choi Kang‐Ho , Kim Dong‐Eog , Ryu Wi‐Sun , Choi Jay Chol , Kwon Jee‐Hyun , Kim Wook‐Joo , Shin Dong‐Ick , Sohn Sung Il , Hong Jeong‐Ho , Lee Juneyoung , Lee Kyunghoon , Song Junghan , Bae Joon Seol , Cheong Hyun Sub , Debette Stéphanie , Bae Hee‐Joon 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveHeritability of stroke is assumed not to be low, especially in the young stroke population. However, most genetic studies have been performed in highly selected patients with typical clinical or neuroimaging characteristics. We investigated the prevalence of 15 Mendelian stroke genes and explored the relationships between variants and the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics in a large, unselected, young stroke population.MethodsWe enrolled patients aged ≤55 years with stroke or transient ischemic attack from a prospective, nationwide, multicenter stroke registry. We identified clinically relevant genetic variants (CRGVs) in 15 Mendelian stroke genes (GLA, NOTCH3, HTRA1, RNF213, ACVRL1, ENG, CBS, TREX1, ABCC6, COL4A1, FBN1, NF1, COL3A1, MT‐TL1, and APP) using a customized, targeted next generation sequencing panel.ResultsAmong 1,033 patients, 131 (12.7%) had 28 CRGVs, most frequently in RNF213 (n = 59), followed by ABCC6 (n = 53) and NOTCH3 (n = 15). The frequency of CRGVs differed by ischemic stroke subtypes (p < 0.01): the highest in other determined etiology (20.1%), followed by large artery atherosclerosis (13.6%). It also differed between patients aged ≤35 years and those aged 51 to 55 years (17.1% vs 9.3%, p = 0.02). Only 27.1% and 26.7% of patients with RNF213 and NOTCH3 variants had typical neuroimaging features of the corresponding disorders, respectively. Variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) were found in 15.4% patients.InterpretationCRGVs in 15 Mendelian stroke genes may not be uncommon in the young stroke population. The majority of patients with CRGVs did not have typical features of the corresponding monogenic disorders. Clinical implications of having CRGVs or VUSs should be explored. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:768–782
Ranking Peptide Binders by Affinity with AlphaFold**
Authors: Chang Liwei , Perez Alberto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlphaFold has revolutionized structural biology by predicting highly accurate structures of proteins and their complexes with peptides and other proteins. However, for protein‐peptide systems, we are also interested in identifying the highest affinity binder among a set of candidate peptides. We present a novel competitive binding assay using AlphaFold to predict structures of the receptor in the presence of two peptides. For systems in which the individual structures of the peptides are well predicted, the assay captures the higher affinity binder in the bound state, and the other peptide in the unbound form with statistical significance. We test the application on six protein receptors for which we have experimental binding affinities to several peptides. We find that the assay is best suited for identifying medium to strong peptide binders that adopt stable secondary structures upon binding.
Collective Synthesis of Chiral Tetrasubstituted Cyclobutanes Enabled by Enantioconvergent Negishi Cross‐Coupling of Cyclobutenones
Authors: Yan Min , Zhou Qiang , Lu Ping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCyclobutenones provide a straightforward four‐carbon ring platform for further structural elaborations in that every carbon atom of the ring could be potentially functionalized. We report here a nickel catalyzed enantioconvergent Negishi coupling of 4‐iodocyclobutenones with an array of aryl or alkenyl zinc reagents to access enantioenriched 4‐substituted cyclobutenones, from which a modular approach to the synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐tetrasubstituted cyclobutanes was demonstrated.
Recent Applications of Trifluoromethanesulfonic Anhydride in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Qin Qixue , Cheng Zengrui , Jiao Ning 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTrifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride has been widely used in synthetic organic chemistry, not only for the conversion of various oxygen‐containing compounds to the triflates, but also for the electrophilic activation and further conversion of amides, sulfoxides, and phosphorus oxides. In recent years, the utilization of Tf2O as an activator for nitrogen‐containing heterocycles, nitriles and nitro groups has become a promising tool for the development of new valuable methods with considerable success. In addition, Tf2O has been used as an efficient radical trifluoromethylation and trifluoromethylthiolation reagent due to the contained SO2CF3fragment, and significant progress has been made in this area. This review summarizes the recent progress in the applications of Tf2O in the above two aspects, and aims to illustrate the role and potential application of this reagent in organic synthesis.
An Anomalous Electron Configuration Among 3d Transition Metal Atoms
Authors: Tang Zhexin , Shang Tongtong , Xu Han , Lin Ting , Gao Ang , Lin Weiguang , Li Xinyan , Wang Shiyu , Yu Botao , Meng Fanqi , Zhang Qinghua , Wang Xuefeng , Su Dong , Meng Qingbo , Wu Lijun , Gu Lin , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhysical properties of materials are mainly determined by valence electron configurations, where different valence shells would induce divergent phenomena. In compounds containing Sc2+, 3d electron occupancy is expected, the same as other transition metal atoms like Ti3+. But this situation still awaits experimental verification in inorganic materials. Here, we selected ScS to measure the valence electron density and orbital population of Sc2+ through delicate quantitative convergent‐beam electron diffraction. With the absence of 3d orbital features around Sc‐atom sites and the nearly bare population of t2g orbital, the unintuitive occupation of 4s orbital in Sc2+ is concluded. It should be the first time to report such a special electron configuration in a transition metal compound, in which 4s rather than 3d orbital is preferred. Our findings reveal the distinct behavior of Sc and probable ways to modulate material properties by controlling electron orbitals.
Study on a new four‐fiber sensor signal processing algorithm of hydrodynamic characteristics in liquid–liquid two‐phase flow
Authors: Yan Ruihan , Xie Haiyan , Chen Shuang , Gao Yang , Jin Lei , Hou Hongguo , Jiao Caishan , Zhou Yu , Zhang Meng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the process of two‐phase countercurrent flow in the extraction column, the study of the hydrodynamic characteristics of dispersed phase droplets is crucial for the design and scaling up of the extraction column. In a pulsed extraction column with a liquid–liquid system, the four‐sensor optical fiber probe was used to assess the hydrodynamic characteristics of the dispersed phase droplets, including size, mean velocity, and holdup. 1 M HNO3 and 30% TBP/kerosene were used as continuous phase and dispersed phase, respectively. The effects of two‐phase superficial velocities and pulsation intensity were investigated on droplet size, mean velocity, and holdup. The findings show that aside from the local holdup, the pulsation intensity has the greatest impact on the hydrodynamic characteristics. A new and concise algorithm was used to deal with the light signals to determine the droplet size and mean velocity. This algorithm created two Cartesian coordinate systems, each with a separate z‐axis using the leading probe as the origin of the coordinate instead of using the vector approach. Compared to the previous algorithm, both the needed number of the time interval between the voltage peaks and that of the direction angles decrease. The relative error of the droplet size obtained by this improved algorithm is within 7%, and droplet velocity is almost the same, compared to the previous algorithm, which indicates that the new algorithm of the four‐sensor optical fiber signal processing is reliable to the measurement of the hydrodynamic characteristics.
Fabrication and characterization of chemical crosslinked cellulose fiber by dissolving cellulose in alkali urea aqueous solvent
Authors: Liu Xinglin , Zhu Xinhai , Peng Junwu , Song Dengpeng , Xu Weilin , Zhu Kunkun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSustainable materials fabricated from natural polymers have attracted much attentions because of their multiple advantages like abundant renewable resource, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity, while their actually application often restricted by mechanical properties. Chemical crosslinking method was usually used to improve the mechanical properties of cellulose materials such as hydrogel, film, aerogel, and so forth. Here, cellulose fibers were fabricated from cellulose solution in alkali/urea aqueous solvent by chemical crosslinking with epichlorohydrin in a PVC hose. The chemical crosslinked cellulose fibers exhibited smooth surface and circular cross‐section. Their tensile strength increased from 128 to 368 MPa by adjusting cellulose concentration, ECH concentration, and draw ratio. The crystallinity of the fibers changed from 43.1% to 49.8% after drawing process. Meanwhile, the fibers exhibited a brighter color after dyeing than the viscose rayon. This work promising an avenue for preparation of mechanical strong cellulose fibers.
Artificial intelligence in the work context
Authors: Jarrahi Mohammad Hossein , Lutz Christoph , Boyd Karen , Oesterlund Carsten , Willis Matthew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) reconfigures work and organization, while work and organization shape AI. In this special issue, we explore these mutual transformations and how they play out across industries and occupations. We argue that, to truly appreciate this transformative power, the use of AI should be understood in relation to key dimensions of the work context. In this editorial, we discuss the sociotechnical dynamics of AI implementation, the research landscape of AI in the context of work, and key contextual factors on the macro‐ and micro‐level that help understand the AI‐work nexus. We then provide directions for future research at the intersection of work and AI.
Revisiting the Relation Between the Stability of the LUMO of the Electrolytes and the Kinetics of Solid Electrolyte Interface Formation in Lithium‐ and Post‐Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Madhusudhanan Mithun C. , Kumar Sreelakshmi Anil , Nair Swetha , Srinivasan Nikitha , Buragohain Madhurja , Kunnikuruvan Sooraj 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite their high theoretical capacity, the practical application of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) and post‐LIBs with metal anodes are limited due to their poor safety and electrochemical performance. Solid electrolyte interface (SEI) was found to have an important role in this. It was found that SEI on metal anodes is overgrown and non‐uniform owing to their high reactivity, which in turn affects the performance of metal anode‐based batteries. Recent studies indicate that modulating the properties of the SEI is a good strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of batteries. In this regard, identifying the critical reactivity descriptors that can provide insights into the SEI formation kinetics is of large importance. Herein, we performed computational studies involving 53 selected ion‐solvent complexes that represent 53 commonly used electrolytes and 12 salt molecules in LIBs and post‐LIBs. Unlike previous studies which considered the LUMO energy of the electrolyte as the suitable chemical reactivity descriptor, this study shows that electron affinity and electrophilicity of the individual ions and solvents that constitute the electrolytes are more suitable and general chemical reactivity descriptors for predicting the SEI formation kinetics. In addition to suggesting suitable approaches to modulate the SEI formation kinetics, this study also brings light to the critical role of the ion‐solvent combination in determining the SEI formation kinetics.
Effects of online brain training on self‐reported mental health symptoms for generally healthy adults during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Laane Sarah A. , Cook Lori G. , Spence Jeffrey S. , Harris Michelle N. , Chapman Sandra Bond 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe cognitive training Strategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Training (SMART) has been shown to improve symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress when completed using in‐person delivery, but mental health outcomes have not yet been studied for online delivery of SMART.MethodsData was analyzed from 145 generally healthy adults participating in the BrainHealth Project pilot study who had access to 12 weeks of online self‐paced SMART and self‐reported mental health symptoms on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS‐21) pre‐ and post‐training. We utilized linear models to examine the change in self‐reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress following the 12‐week training period and to explore the influence of age, gender, and education on changes in symptomatology. Data from 44 participants who completed a follow‐up DASS‐21 6 months after completing SMART was used to explore the lasting impact of the training.ResultsImprovements in depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were observed following online SMART, evidenced by a significant decrease in self‐reported symptoms on the DASS‐21. Improvement in self‐reported mental health symptomatology was maintained or continued to improve 6‐month post‐training. No significant effect of gender was observed, but findings motivate additional exploration of the effects of education and age.ConclusionOnline SMART should be considered a low‐cost, high‐impact approach for supporting public mental health for generally healthy adults.
Enzyme‐responsive macrocyclic metal complexes for biomedical imaging
Authors: Le Quoc‐Viet , Lee Jaiwoo , Ko Seungbeom , Kim Hyunjung , Vu Thien Y , Choe Yearn Seong , Oh Yu‐Kyoung , Shim Gayong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMetal chelator‐based contrast agents are used as tumor navigators for cancer diagnosis. Although approved metal chelators show excellent contrast performance in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), large doses are required for cancer diagnoses due to rapid clearance and nonspecific accumulation throughout the body, which can compromise safety. The present study describes an enzyme‐responsive metal delivery system, in which enzyme overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment selectively activates the tumor uptake of gadolinium (Gd). Gd was loaded into enzyme‐responsive macrocyclam (ErMC) modified with a PEGylated enzyme‐cleavable peptide resulting in Gd@ErMC. The PEGylated shell layer protected Gd@ErMC from nonspecific binding in the blood, increasing the half‐life of the contrast agent. Specific cleavage of the PEGylated shell layer by the enzyme selectively liberated Gd from Gd@ErMC at the tumor site. Evaluation of the in vivo distribution of Gd@ErMC in tumor‐bearing mice by MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) showed that Gd@ErMC had an extended half‐life and was highly specific. Histological and serological analysis of Gd@ErMC‐treated mice showed that this agent was safe. This novel enzyme‐responsive contrast agent delivery system shows promise as specific theranostic agent for MR‐guided radiotherapy.
Preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and prognosis of patients with solitary large hepatocellular carcinomas (≥5 cm): Multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Mo Ali , Zhang Qiao , Xia Feng , Huang Zhiyuan , Peng Shasha , Cao Wenjing , Mei Hongliang , Ren Li , Su Yang , Gao Hengyi , Chen Weiqiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesLarge hepatocellular carcinoma (LHCC) is prone to short‐term recurrence and poor long‐term survival after hepatectomy, and there is still a lack of effective neoadjuvant treatments to improve recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in solitary LHCC (≥5 cm).Materials and MethodsA multicenter medical database was used to analyze preoperative TACE's effects on RFS, OS, and perioperative complications in patients with solitary LHCC who received surgical treatment from January 2005 to December 2015. The patients were divided into Group A (5.0–9.9 cm) and Group B (≥10 cm), with 10 cm as the critical value, and the effect of preoperative TACE on RFS, OS and perioperative complications was assessed in each subgroup.ResultsIn the overall population, patients with preoperative TACE had better RFS and OS than those without preoperative TACE. However, after stratifying the patients into the two HCC groups, preoperative TACE only improved the survival outcomes of patients with Group B (≥10 cm). Multivariate Cox‐regression analysis showed that lack of preoperative TACE was an independent risk factor for RFS and OS in the overall population and in Group B but not in Group A.ConclusionsPreoperative TACE is beneficial for patients with solitary HCC (≥10 cm).