bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and distribution of acute gastrointestinal illness in the community of China: a population-based face-to-face survey, 2014–2015
Authors: Liu Jikai , Luo Baozhang , Zhou Yijing , Ma Xiaochen , Liang Junhua , Sang Xianglai , Lyu Le , Chen Wen , Fu Pengyu , Liu Hong , Zhen Shiqi , Wang Chao , Wu Yangbo , Huang Qiong , Liang Xiaocheng , Bai Guangda , Lan Zhen , Zhang Shufang , Wu Yongning , Li Ning , Guo Yunchang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The true incidence of acute gastrointestinal illness in China is underrecognized by surveillance systems. The aims of this study were to estimate the incidence and prevalence of self-reported AGI in the community of China, and to investigate sociodemographic and epidemiological determinants of AGI.

Methods
We conducted a 12-months cross-sectional population-based survey in eight provinces of China during 2014–2015. The survey determined the prevalence and incidence of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) in the total permanent resident population in China according to the census of the population in 2010. The random multilevel population sample was stratified by geographic, population, and socioeconomic status. We used a recommended case definition of AGI, with diarrhea (three loose or watery stools) and/or any vomiting in a four-week recall. A face-to-face survey was conducted by selecting the member in the household with the most recent birthday.

Results
Among 56,704 sampled individuals, 948 (1,134 person-time) fulfilled the case definition; 98.5% reported diarrhea. This corresponds to 2.3% (95% CI:1.9%-2.8%) of an overall standardized four-week prevalence and 0.3 (95% CI: 0.23–0.34) episodes per person-year of annual adjusted incidence rate. There was no significant difference between males and females. The incidence rates were higher among urban residents, and in the spring and summer. In the whole study period, 50% of the cases sought medical care, of which 3.9% were hospitalized and 14.3% provided a biological sample for laboratory identification of the causative agent. Children aged 0–4 and young adults aged 15–24, people living in rural areas and people who traveled frequently had higher prevalence of AGI.

Conclusion
Results showed that AGI represents a substantial burden in China, and will contribute to the estimation of the global burden of AGI. Complemented with data on the etiologies of AGI, these estimates will form the basis to estimate the burden of foodborne diseases in China.
Randomized controlled trial of a theory-informed mHealth intervention to support ART adherence and viral suppression among women with HIV in Mombasa, Kenya: preliminary efficacy and participant-level feasibility and acceptability
Authors: Aunon Frances M. , Wanje George , Richardson Barbra A. , Masese Linnet , Odeny Thomas A. , Kinuthia John , Mandaliya Kishorchandra , Jaoko Walter , Simoni Jane M. , McClelland R. Scott 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Mobile Health (“mHealth”) interventions have shown promise in improving HIV treatment outcomes for stigmatized populations. This paper presents the findings from a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy, participant-level feasibility and acceptability of a theory-informed mHealth intervention, Motivation Matters!, designed to improve viral suppression and ART adherence among HIV-seropositive women who engage in sex work in Mombasa, Kenya.

Methods
A total of 119 women were randomized between the intervention and standard of care control. The primary outcome examined viral suppression (≤ 30 copies/mL) six months following ART initiation. ART adherence was assessed monthly using a visual analogue scale. Participant-level feasibility was measured through response rates to study text messages. Acceptability was assessed through qualitative exit interviews.

Results
Six months following treatment initiation, 69% of intervention and 63% of control participants were virally suppressed (Risk Ratio [RR] = 1.09, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] (0.83, 1.44). Among women who were viremic at baseline and endorsed engagement in sex work, 74% of women in the intervention arm compared with 46% of women in the control arm achieved viral suppression at month six RR = 1.61, 95% CI (1.02, 2.55). Adherence was higher in intervention versus control participants every month. All participants responded to at least one message, and there was a 55% overall response rate to intervention text messages. Qualitative exit interviews suggested high acceptability and perceived impact of the intervention.

Conclusion
The improvements in ART adherence and viral suppression, combined with encouraging data on feasibility and acceptability, provides preliminary evidence that Motivation Matters! could support ART adherence and viral suppression in women who engage in sex work.

Trial registration
This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02627365, 10/12/2015; http://clinicaltrials.gov).
The outcomes of transcatheter adrenal ablation in patients with primary aldosteronism: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Shunfan , Wang Guoliang , Li Nanfang , Zhu Qing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of transcatheter adrenal ablation as an alternative treatment for primary aldosteronism (PA) patients remains a subject of debate, with outcomes varying widely across existing studies. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the results of adrenal ablation and estimate the effectiveness and safety of this therapeutic approach.

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published up to October 2022. Outcomes analyzed included the combined clinical success rate, biochemical success rate, and complication rate, which were assessed using a random-effects model.

Results
Five studies, comprising 234 PA patients, were included in the analysis. The combined clinical success rate was 74% (95% CI: 69%-79%), and the biochemical success rate was 74% (95% CI: 53%-95%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the combined clinical success rate from Unilateral PA (72%, 95% CI: 46%-98%) was similar to the rate from Unilateral + Bilateral (73%, 95% CI: 52.0%-94.0%), while the clinical success rate of the PASO subgroup (78%, 95% CI: 66.0%-89.0%) was higher than the rate of other criteria (51%, 95% CI: 40.0%-63.0%). The combined complication rates were as follows: mild fever, 23% (95% CI: 12%-33%); back pain, 84% (95% CI: 77%-91%); and pleural effusion, 9% (95% CI: 0%-18%). All complications resolved within one week following the procedure. No late complications or ablation-related deaths were reported.

Conclusions
Transcatheter adrenal ablation for PA patients is safe and demonstrates a relatively high clinical success rate. Presently, this approach is suitable for PA patients who are unwilling to undergo surgery or receive long-term mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment.

Systematic Review registration
INPLASY, identifier 2022110076
Interaction of reproductive tract infections with estrogen exposure on breast cancer risk and prognosis
Authors: Li YunQian , Gan XingLi , Liang ZhuoZhi , Ye HengMing , Lin Ying , Liu Qiang , Xie XiaoMing , Tang LuYing , Ren ZeFang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Reproductive tract infections influenced a series of inflammatory processes which involved in the development of breast cancer, while the processes were largely affected by estrogen. The present study aimed to explore the associations of breast cancer risk and prognosis with reproductive tract infections and the modification effects of estrogen exposure.

Methods
We collected history of reproductive tract infections, menstruation and reproduction from 1003 cases and 1107 controls and a cohort of 4264 breast cancer patients during 2008–2018 in Guangzhou, China. We used logistic regression model to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk; Cox model was applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
It was found that previous reproductive tract infections were negatively associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 0.80, 95%CI, 0.65–0.98), particularly for patients with more menstrual cycles (OR = 0.74, 95%CI, 0.57–0.96). Patients with previous reproductive tract infections experienced better OS (HR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.40–0.94) and PFS (HR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.65–1.09). This protective effect on PFS was only found in patients with more menstrual cycles (HR = 0.52, 95% CI:0.34–0.79, Pinteraction = 0.015).

Conclusions
The findings suggested that reproductive tract infections may be protective for the initiation and development of breast cancer, particularly for women with a longer interval of lifetime estrogen exposure.
Paliurus spina-christi Mill fruit extracts improve glucose uptake and activate the insulin signaling pathways in HepG2 insulin-resistant cells
Authors: Esfahani Seyedeh Mona Mousavi , Tarighi Parastoo , Dianat Kosar , Ashour Tabarek Mahdi , Mottaghi-Dastjerdi Negar , Aghsami Mehdi , Sabernavaei Mahsa , Montazeri Hamed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Paliurus spina-christi Mill. (PSC) fruit is frequently used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Mediterranean regions. Here, we investigated the effects of various PSC fruit extracts (PSC-FEs) on glucose consumption and some key mediators of insulin signaling pathways in high glucose and high insulin-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 cells.

Methods
The effects of methanolic, chloroform and total extracts on cell proliferation were assessed by the MTT assay. The potential of non-toxic extracts on glucose utilization in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells was checked using a glucose oxidase assay. AKT and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway activation and mRNA expression levels of insulin receptor (INSR), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and glucose transporters 4 (GLUT4) were determined by western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively.

Results
We found that high concentrations of methanolic and both low and high concentrations of total extracts were able to enhance glucose uptake in an insulin-resistant cell line model. Moreover, AKT and AMPK phosphorylation were significantly increased by the high strength of methanolic extract, while total extract raised AMPK activation at low and high concentrations. Also, GLUT 1, GLUT 4, and INSR were elevated by both methanolic and total extracts.

Conclusions
Ultimately, our results shed new light on methanolic and total PSC-FEs as sources of potential anti-diabetic medications, restoring glucose consumption and uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. These could be at least in part due to re-activating AKT and AMPK signaling pathways and also increased expression of INSR, GLUT1, and GLUT4. Overall, active constituents present in methanolic and total extracts of PCS are appropriate anti-diabetic agents and explain the use of these PSC fruits in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes.
WeChat as a platform for blending problem/case-based learning and paper review methods in undergraduate paediatric orthopaedics internships: a feasibility and effectiveness study
Authors: Chen Junfei , Gao Bingjun , Wang Kunyao , Lei Yinghan , Zhang Shengling , Jin Shaobin , Yang Weiwei , Zhuang Yan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Paediatric orthopaedics is a significant and difficult for undergraduate students to master. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we used the WeChat platform to combine the advantages offered by problem-based learning (PBL), case-based learning (CBL) and paper review teaching methods to establish a new blended online teaching model and demonstrated its feasibility and effectiveness.

Objective
This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of a new blended pedagogical method that uses the WeChat platform and combines PBL, CBL and paper review.

Methods
We enrolled 22 students participating in the Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics. They participated in the WeChat blended pedagogy mode. Their departmental rotation examination scores were compared with those of 23 students who participated in the traditional teaching method. Moreover, an anonymous questionnaire was used to evaluate students’ perceptions and experiences.

Results
The total average scores of students who participated in the WeChat blended pedagogy mode and the traditional teaching method were 47.27 and 44.52, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the online teaching mode and the traditional teaching method in terms of possessing professional accomplishment, gaining knowledge and promoting interpersonal skills (P = 0.07, P = 0.12 and P = 0.65, respectively). In terms of independent clinical thinking, self-improving capability and improving clinical skills, the scores associated with the WeChat blended pedagogy mode were 8.00, 8.00 and 6.00, whereas those associated with the traditional teaching method were 6.70, 6.87 and 7.48. The overall satisfaction with the WeChat blended pedagogy mode reached 100%. A total of 64%, 86%, 68%, 64% and 59% of students chose very large or large in response to the items concerning professional accomplishment, knowledge absorption, independent clinical thinking skills, English reading and literature exploring capacity, as well as interpersonal skills, respectively. Fifteen participants claimed that the WeChat blended pedagogy mode was less helpful to them with regard to promoting the improvement of their clinical skills. Nine students claimed that the WeChat blended pedagogy mode was time-consuming.

Conclusions
Our study verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the WeChat blended pedagogy mode for undergraduate paediatric orthopaedics internships.

Trial Registration
Retrospectively registered.
Perceived barriers to effective use of telehealth in managing the care of patients with cardiovascular diseases: a qualitative study exploring healthcare professionals’ views in Jordan
Authors: Alarabyat Ibtisam A. , Al-Nsair Nezam , Alrimawi Intima , Al-Yateem Nabeel , Shudifat Raed Mohammad , Saifan Ahmad Rajeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of telehealth in the management of care and care delivery has been increasing significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth is an emerging technology used to manage care for patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Jordan. However, implementing this approach in Jordan faces many challenges that need to be explored to identify practical solutions.

Purpose
To explore the perceived challenges and barriers to using telehealth in managing acute and chronic CVDs among healthcare professionals.

Methods
A qualitative, exploratory study was conducted by interviewing 24 health professionals at two hospitals in different clinical areas in Jordan.

Results
Several barriers were reported by participants that affected the utilization of telehealth services. The barriers were categorized into the following four themes: Drawbacks related to patients, Health providers’ concerns, Procedural faults, and telehealth To complement the service only.

Conclusions
The study suggests that telehealth can be instrumental in supporting care management for patients with CVD. It means that understanding the advantages and barriers to implementing telehealth by the healthcare providers in Jordan can improve many aspects of the healthcare services for patients with CVD within the healthcare settings in Jordan.
An innovative model based on N7-methylguanosine-related lncRNAs for forecasting prognosis and tumor immune landscape in bladder cancer
Authors: Ren Lei , Yang Xu , Liu Jinwen , Wang Weifeng , Liu Zixiong , Lin Qingyuan , Huang Bin , Pan Jincheng , Mao Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
As a novel type of the prevalent post-transcriptional modifications, N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is essential in the tumorigenesis, progression, and invasion of many cancers, including bladder cancer (BCa). However, the integrated roles of m7G-related lncRNAs in BCa remain undiscovered. This study aims to develop a prognostic model based on the m7G-related lncRNAs and explore its predictive value of the prognosis and anti-cancer treatment sensitivity.

Methods
We obtained RNA-seq data and corresponding clinicopathological information from the TCGA database and collected m7G-related genes from previous studies and GSEA. Based on LASSO and Cox regression analysis, we developed a m7G prognostic model. The Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival analysis and ROC curves were performed to evaluate the predictive power of the model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms behind apparent discrepancies between the low- and high-risk groups. We also investigated immune cell infiltration, TIDE score, TMB, the sensitivity of common chemotherapy drugs, and the response to immunotherapy between the two risk groups. Finally, we validated the expression levels of these ten m7G-related lncRNAs in BCa cell lines by qRT-PCR.

Results
We developed a m7G prognostic model (risk score) composed of 10 m7G-related lncRNAs that are significantly associated with the OS of BCa patients. The K-M survival curves revealed that the high-risk group patients had significantly worse OS than those in the low-risk group. The Cox regression analysis confirmed that the risk score was a significant independent prognostic factor for BCa patients. We found that the high-risk group had higher the immune scores and immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, the results of the sensitivity of common anti-BCa drugs showed that the high-risk group was more sensitive to neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy and anti-PD1 immunotherapy. Finally, qRT-PCR revealed that AC006058.1, AC073133.2, LINC00677, and LINC01338 were significantly downregulated in BCa cell lines, while the expression levels of AC124312.2 and AL158209.1 were significantly upregulated in BCa cell lines compared with normal cell lines.

Conclusion
The m7G prognostic model can be applied to accurately predict the prognosis and provide robust directions for clinicians to develop better individual-based and precise treatment strategies for BCa patients.
What can be learned from the residual efficacy of three formulations of insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and deltamethrin mixture, and clothianidin alone) in large-scale in community trial in North Benin, West Africa?
Authors: Odjo Esdras Mahoutin , Salako Albert Sourou , Padonou Germain Gil , Yovogan Boulais , Adoha Constantin Jésukèdè , Adjottin Bruno , Sominahouin André Aimé , Sovi Arthur , Osse Razaki , Kpanou Casimir D. , Sagbohan Hermann W. , Djenontin Armel , Agbangla Clement , Akogbeto Martin C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In Alibori and Donga, two departments of high malaria incidence of Northern Benin, pirimiphos-methyl, mixture deltamethrin + clothianidin, as well as clothianidin were used at large scale for IRS. The present study aimed to assess the residual efficacy of these products.

Methods
Immatures of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) collected in the communes of Kandi and Gogounou (Department of Alibori), Djougou and Copargo (Department of Donga) were reared until adulthood. Females aged 2–5 days were used for susceptibility tube tests following the WHO protocol. The tests were conducted with deltamethrin (0.05%), bendiocarb (0.1%), pirimiphos-methyl (0.25%) and clothianidin (2% weight per volume). For cone tests performed on cement and mud walls, the An. gambiae Kisumu susceptible strain was used. After the quality control of the IRS performed 1-week post-campaign, the evaluation of the residual activity of the different tested insecticides/mixture of insecticides was conducted on a monthly basis.

Results
Over the three study years, deltamethrin resistance was observed in all the communes. With bendiocarb, resistance or possible resistance was observed. In 2019 and 2020, full susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl was observed, while possible resistance to the same product was detected in 2021 in Djougou, Gogounou and Kandi. With clothianidin, full susceptibility was observed 4–6 days post-exposure. The residual activity lasted 4–5 months for pirimiphos-methyl, and 8–10 months for clothianidin and the mixture deltamethrin + clothianidin. A slightly better efficacy of the different tested products was observed on cement walls compared to the mud walls.

Conclusion
Overall, An. gambiae s.l. was fully susceptible to clothianidin, while resistance/possible resistance was observed the other tested insecticides. In addition, clothianidin-based insecticides showed a better residual activity compared to pirimiphos-methyl, showing thus their ability to provide an improved and prolonged control of pyrethroid resistant vectors.
An analysis of migration and implications for health in government policy of South Africa
Authors: Manji Karima , Perera Shehani , Hanefeld Johanna , Vearey Jo , Olivier Jill , Gilson Lucy , Walls Helen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor over a decade, the global health community has advanced policy engagement with migration and health, as reflected in multiple global-led initiatives. These initiatives have called on governments to provide universal health coverage to all people, regardless of their migratory and/or legal status. South Africa is a middle-income country that experiences high levels of cross-border and internal migration, with the right to health enshrined in its Constitution. A National Health Insurance Bill also commits the South African public health system to universal health coverage, including for migrant and mobile groups. We conducted a study of government policy documents (from the health sector and other sectors) that in our view should be relevant to issues of migration and health, at national and subnational levels in South Africa. We did so to explore how migration is framed by key government decision makers, and to understand whether positions present in the documents support a migrant-aware and migrant-inclusive approach, in line with South Africa’s policy commitments. This study was conducted between 2019 and 2021, and included analysis of 227 documents, from 2002–2019. Fewer than half the documents identified (101) engaged directly with migration as an issue, indicating a lack of prioritisation in the policy discourse. Across these documents, we found that the language or discourse across government levels and sectors focused mainly on the potential negative aspects of migration, including in policies that explicitly refer to health. The discourse often emphasised the prevalence of cross-border migration and diseases, the relationship between immigration and security risks, and the burden of migration on health systems and other government resources. These positions attribute blame to migrant groups, potentially fuelling nationalist and anti-migrant sentiment and largely obscuring the issue of internal mobility, all of which could also undermine the constructive engagement necessary to support effective responses to migration and health. We provide suggestions on how to advance engagement with issues of migration and health in order for South Africa and countries of a similar context in regard to migration to meet the goal of inclusion and equity for migrant and mobile groups.