bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of predictive models for diabetic retinopathy using machine learning
Authors: Yang Penglu , Yang Bin 
Published: February 2025

Objective
This study aimed to develop and compare machine learning models for predicting diabetic retinopathy (DR) using clinical and biochemical data, specifically logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, and neural networks.

Methods
A dataset of 3,000 diabetic patients, including 1,500 with DR, was obtained from the National Population Health Science Data Center. Significant predictors were identified, and four predictive models were developed. Model performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC).

Results
Random forest and XGBoost demonstrated superior performance, achieving accuracies of 95.67% and 94.67%, respectively, with AUC values of 0.991 and 0.989. Logistic regression yielded an accuracy of 76.50% (AUC: 0.828), while neural networks achieved 82.67% accuracy (AUC: 0.927). Key predictors included 24-hour urinary microalbumin, HbA1c, and serum creatinine.

Conclusion
The study highlights random forest and XGBoost as effective tools for early DR detection, emphasizing the importance of renal and glycemic markers in risk assessment. These findings support the integration of machine learning models into clinical decision-making for improved patient outcomes in diabetes management.
Interventions to improve adherence/compliance to home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in stable hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Kacem Amani , Ben Saida Imen , Chebil Dhekra , Ben Saad Helmi , Boussarsar Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent condition often leading to chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure in its advanced stages. Home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (Home-NIPPV) has emerged as a key therapeutic strategy for managing stable hypercapnic COPD patients, improving survival rates, and enhancing quality of life. Despite these benefits, patient adherence/compliance to Home-NIPPV remains a significant challenge, hindered by various barriers. The present paper is a protocol of a systematic review that aims to identify and evaluate interventions designed to improve adherence/compliance to Home-NIPPV in stable hypercapnic COPD patients.

Methods
The protocol is developed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024581616). A comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library will be conducted. Eligible studies will include randomized controlled trials that focus on interventions that aims to improve adherence/compliance to Home-NIPPV in stable hypercapnic COPD patients. Data extraction will be meticulously carried out by two independent reviewers. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool will be utilized to assess the quality and risk of bias of the included studies. The findings of this systematic review will be synthesized to provide a thorough understanding of effective strategies to enhance adherence/compliance to Home-NIPPV in stable hypercapnic COPD patients.

Conclusion
The results of this review could inform clinical practice and guide the development of targeted strategies to improve adherence/compliance to Home-NIPPV and consequently outcomes in stable hypercapnic COPD patients.

Registration
This protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under the reference code CRD42024581616.
Protective effect of Pinacidil on hypoxic-reoxygenated cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo via HIF-1α/HRE pathway
Authors: Wang Ying , Wang Jiaqi , Chen Liangen , Zhou Wenjing , He Haifeng , Chen Xiyuan , Wang Haiying 
Published: February 2025

Cardiomyocyte hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) is considered as a major cause of heart failure. Pinacidil is a classic ATP sensitive potassium channel opener and plays a crucial role in cardiomyocyte HR injuries. However, the specific mechanism is poorly understood. We established HR rat model and introduced 5-Hydroxydecanoate (5-HD), N-(2-Mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (MPG), and Dimethylethylenediylglycine (DMOG) to investigate the protection of Pinacidil (P) on cardiomyocyte. HE staining, electron microscopy and JC-1 staining were used to observe mitochondrial structure and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were analyzed in this study. Network pharmacology analysis and auto-docking were used to predict the possible target of Pinadicil under cardiomyocyte HR condition. The integrity of mitochondrial structure and MMP were effectively promoted in P and MPG+DMOG + P groups. ROS was significantly increased after HR, treatment with P or MPG+DMOG + P, the content of ROS was increased. The expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, HO-1 and iNOS were significantly increased in P and MPG+DMOG + P groups compared with HR group. Docking results confirmed that prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) was the most possible target for unsaturated binding with Pinacidil guanidine. Altogether, these data indicate that Pinacidil up-regulated and activated HIF-1α protein to protect caridomyocytes against HR injuries and the mechanism may be related to Pinacidil guanidine binding to PHD.
Factors involving in healthcare professionals’ decision-making process regarding the use of restrictive care practices in adult mental health inpatient units: A protocol for an umbrella review
Authors: Belayneh Zelalem , Yenealem Biazin , Molla Alemayehu , Alemnew Nigus , Ergetie Temesgien , Mekonnen Workua , Mekuriaw Birhanie 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
The use of restrictive care practices, such as physical restraint, seclusion, and chemical restraint, remains common practices, yet controversial aspect of mental health care, particularly in inpatient settings. Variations in legal definitions and protocols guiding the implementation of these practices often create legal and ethical dilemmas for professionals when deciding whether to implement such practices in certain circumstances. This leads them to rely on subjective decision-making, which is further shaped by epistemic disparities stemming from differences in knowledge, perspectives, and experiences that impact professionals’ understanding and implementation of restrictive practices.

Aims
This is a study protocol for an upcoming umbrella review aiming to identify and analyse the thematic elements that affect healthcare professionals’ decision-making regarding the uimplementations of restrictive care practices in adult mental health inpatient settings.

Methods
This protocol outlines the approach for an umbrella review. The review will conduct a systematic literature search of electronic databases (Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, OVID, PsycINFO, Cochrane Reviews, and Web of Science) using comprehensive search strings, as well as a manual review of reference lists from included reviews. Only review studies will be considered. Textual data discussing issues related to professionals’ decision-making regarding the use of restrictive care practices will be extracted from each study, coded, and analysed using inductive content analysis. This protocol has been reported according to the PRISMA-P Checklist.

Discussion
The findings from this review will provide valuable insights into the key factors influencing the implementation of restrictive practices in adult mental health inpatient settings. The factors identified in this umbrella review will be applied in clinical practices to guide healthcare practitioners in considering and navigating various contexts when deciding how and in which situations restrictive care practices should be implemented. This contributes to the current global effort in promoting more patient-centered, transparent, evidence-based and accountable practices, while minimizing restrictive interventions. It will also inform future training, practice, and policy interventions aiming at reducing the use of restrictive measures in adult mental health settings.
Protocol registration: This protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD-42024581848).
Examining the relationship between reproductive empowerment and contraceptive self-injection: Tackling the endogeneity problem
Authors: Lydon Megan M , Burke Holly M , Anfinson Katherine M , Mulugeta Tihut , Anteneh Aderaw , Teklu Teferi , Chen Mario 
Published: February 2025

Background
Self-care interventions, including contraceptive self-injectables such as subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC), are hypothesized to be empowering to users. It is also believed that those who are empowered are more likely to use self-care. Though critical for ensuring equity of these interventions, evidence for the relationship between empowerment and contraceptive self-care is scant. However, studying this relationship is challenging. In addition to the potential reversed causality between these two constructs, empowerment is determined by similar factors as the motivation for using self-care, contributing to an endogeneity problem. If not addressed, endogeneity can lead to incorrect causal assertions.

Methods
Using data from a study of 400 women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia who opted to self-inject DMPA-SC, we assessed the directionality between the two constructs. First, we assessed the change in empowerment after participants’ first self-injection. Second, we assessed the effect of empowerment on potential future use of self-injection. To address potential endogeneity, we identified instrumental variables of empowerment and then applied a two-stage regression approach to predict desire to continue self-injecting at follow-up with an instrument for empowerment, controlling for other variables.

Results
Empowerment scores among the 343 women who were followed-up were high and did not significantly change from baseline to endline. Most women (78%) wanted to continue self-injecting. The following variables were identified and used as instruments: religion, employment status and post-secondary school attendance. The final model did not identify a significant relationship between desire to continue self-injecting and empowerment. The test of exogeneity was marginally significant (p = 0.08).

Conclusions
We did not find evidence of a significant relationship between reproductive empowerment and desire to continue self-injecting. Though there are limitations to this secondary data analysis, we recommend future research investigate this relationship using the methodology demonstrated to address endogeneity inherent in answering this critical question about self-care interventions.
Exploratory study of serum protein biomarkers for sudden cardiac arrest using protein extension assay: A case-control study
Authors: Shin Ha Yeon , Park Jeong Ho , Cha Kyoung-Chul , Kim Hyun Je , Jung Woo Jin , Choi Seulki , Moon Ji Hwan , Roh Young Il , Ro Young Sun , Hwang Sung Oh , Do Shin Sang ,   for CAPTURES-II Investigators
Published: February 2025

Background
Biomarkers associated with the occurrence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) are not currently utilized in clinical practice. We aimed to identify novel protein biomarkers associated with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) using proteomic profiling and evaluate their predictive power alongside traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods
A total of 42 SCA patients with medical causes, aged ≤ 65 years and whose initial rhythm was shockable, and 42 age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed. The initial serum samples obtained after emergency department visits were used for SCA cases. Using a protein extension assay, we identified significant biomarkers through correlation analysis with SCA and extracted proteins with no or weak correlation with the initial lactate level and arrest-to-sampling time to account for post-cardiac arrest changes. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated to assess the predictive performance of the extracted proteins.

Results
Among the 246 distinct proteins that met quality criteria, 97 showed a strong correlation with SCA. Among these 97 proteins, 44 showed weak or no correlation with lactate levels, and 12 showed weak or no correlation with onset-to-sampling time. Two proteins (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase [AXL] and TIMP Metallopeptidase inhibitor 4 [TIMP-4]) met all the criteria for biomarker extraction. Both showed significant associations with SCA and enhanced predictive power when combined with traditional risk factors in multivariable analysis. The AUROC for the baseline model using traditional risk factors was 0.692 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.578–0.806), which improved significantly with the addition of AXL and TIMP-4 (AUROC [95% CI] 0.891 [0.817–0.964] and 0.910 [0.910–0.997], respectively).

Conclusion
AXL and TIMP-4 may be crucial role in the early detection and risk assessment of SCA. Future research to verify the utility of AXL and TIMP-4 in large cohorts is warranted.
Logística de transportes e Geografia das exportações do setor de frigorífico em Minas Gerais
Authors: Carvalho Santos Caio , Andrei Gonçalves Pereira Luiz , Martins de Oliveira Igor 
Published: February 2025

A globalização provocou mudanças estruturais no comércio internacional, a partir da década de 1980 por reconfigurar as relações econômicas entre os países e impulsionar a abertura de seus mercados ao capital externo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as redes logísticas de transportes e dos recintos alfandegados que movimentaram os fluxos de exportações do setor de frigorífico, em Minas Gerais, entre os anos de 1997 a 2018. Dos recintos alfandegados que compõe a rede de exportação, o porto de Santos, situado no estado paulista foi o principal lugar a receber as mercadorias. As carnes: suína, aviária e bovina, foram as mais exportadas. A carne bovina representou 47 por cento do total exportado. As exportações de carnes produzidas em Minas Gerais concentram-se principalmente nos mercados europeus, asiáticos e Oriente Médio. No período analisado, a Rússia foi o maior comprador, seguida pelos mercados de: Hong Kong, China, Arábia Saudita, Irã, dentre outros.
Palavras-chave: Exportação. Logística. Transporte. Frigorífico.
ESTUDO SOBRE OS ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS
Authors: Pereira Lucas Alves , Loboda Carlos Roberto , Pereira Vanessa Santos 
Published: February 2025

A proposta aqui trabalhada visa compreender a dinâmica de apropriação das praças na cidade de Ituiutaba (MG). Foi realizada uma primeira atividade exploratória de campo, visando identificar as principais características das praças da cidade. Após esse momento, foram definidas dez praças, de maneira a considerar a diversidade de localizações (centrais, intermediárias e periféricas), tamanhos, composição paisagística, aptidão para a realização de funções ambientais, estéticas, recreativas, bem como as características do entorno (residencial, comercial e misto). Podemos inferir que as praças analisadas podem ser interpretadas a partir de conteúdos que remetem aos seguintes aspectos: a relação da centralidade e a manifestação política e cultural, os múltiplos usos e as múltiplas territorialidades, a praça como lugar de lazer e recreação e a praça de bairro nas periferias, tendo características próprias.
Investigating the potential of prenylated and geranylated acylphloroglucinol-based xanthenones as potent soybean 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors: a combined in vitro and in silico approach
Authors: Tamil Segaran Raaginie , Mohd Aluwi Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi , Lam Kok Wai , Shaari Khozirah , Md Pisar Mazura , Mohd Hashim Siti Nur Aisyah , Imran Syahrul , Ng Chean Hui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) plays a key role in various diseases associated with inflammation. A geranylated acylphloroglucinol, namely 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-geranylacetophenone or tHGA, 1 is a natural lead compound which exhibited significant LOXs inhibition. To further improve its 15-LOX inhibitory activity, xanthone moiety was incorporated into its scaffold using molecular hybridization (MH). In vitro soybean 15-LOX inhibition showed that all synthesized hybrids, 8a-c, 9a-c showed 4.5 to 590 times higher activity than tHGA, 1 with IC50 values ranging from 0.04 to 5.27 µM. Structure activity relationships (SARs) identified that aromatic substitutions (–Cl, –N(C2H5)2) on ring C of xanthenone improved activity. The most potent hybrid, 9b exhibited the highest docking score (−10.67 kcal/mol), with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (100 ns) validating its strong soybean 15-LOX inhibitory potential. The results suggest the therapeutic potential of these LOX inhibitors in inflammation and provide valuable insight and understanding for further structural optimization around the tHGA 1 scaffold.
Effects of chronic social isolation stress and alcohol on the reinforcing properties of ketamine in male and female rats
Authors: Jennings Sarah D. , Hagarty Devin P. , Logue Jordan , Crawford Michelle , Saland Samantha K. , Kabbaj Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

While ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is effective in treating major depression, studies have not addressed the safety of repeated ketamine infusions in depressed patients with comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). In this study, we aimed to determine whether a history of chronic social isolation and alcohol exposure alter the reinforcing properties of ketamine in male and female rats. Rats were pair-housed or socially isolated for 12 weeks and underwent intermittent access to 20% alcohol. Subsequently, rats underwent intravenous ketamine self-administration under a fixed ratio 1 schedule, followed by extinction training and one session of cue-induced reinstatement. Dendritic spine morphology was examined in the nucleus accumbens, an important area implicated in reward and motivation. Our results show that females self-administered more ketamine than males, a history of alcohol increased ketamine intake in females, and a history of isolation or alcohol independently increased ketamine intake in males. All experimental groups showed similar extinction patterns and reinstatement to ketamine cues. A pattern emerged similar to ketamine self-administration behaviors, where isolation increased the number of immature spines in males, a change that was attenuated in isolated alcohol drinkers, and a history of alcohol increased the number of immature spines in females. Our results suggest that a history of isolation and alcohol modulate the reinforcing properties of ketamine in a sex-dependent manner. This underscores the importance of considering sex differences and a history of alcohol use when employing ketamine to treat various psychopathologies, including major depression.Significance StatementRepeated infusions of ketamine, an NMDAR antagonist, show sustained reductions in major depressive disorder (MDD). Given the high comorbidity between MDD and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), we investigated the effects of a history of social isolation and alcohol on responding for ketamine. We showed sex differences in the effects of isolation stress and alcohol on ketamine intake alongside alterations in dendritic spine morphology in the nucleus accumbens. Overall, a history of alcohol consumption enhanced responding for ketamine. If extrapolated clinically, our research implies that adjustments in ketamine therapy should be made for individuals with a history of alcohol drinking undergoing treatment for MDD. Additionally, when formulating treatment protocols for this population, it is important to consider potential sex differences.
Smell the label: Odors influence label perception and their neural processing
Authors: Schicker D , Khorisantono PA , Rramani Dervishi Q , Lim SXL , Saruco E , Pleger B , Schultz J , Ohla K , Freiherr J 
Published: February 2025

Providing nutrition or health labels on product packaging can be an effective strategy to promote a conscious and healthier diet. However, such labels also have the potential to be counterproductive by creating obstructive expectations about the flavor of the food and influencing odor perception. Conversely, olfaction could significantly influence label perception, whereby negative expectations could be mitigated by pleasant odors. This study explored the neural processing of the interplay between odors and nutrition labels using fMRI in 63 participants of either sex, to whom we presented beverage labels with different nutrition-related statements either with or without a congruent odor. On a behavioral level, the products for which the label were presented together with the odor were in general perceived as more positive than the same labels without an odor. Neuroimaging results revealed that added odors significantly altered activity in brain regions associated with flavor and label processing as well as decision-making, with higher activations in the right amygdala/piriform cortex (Amy/pirC) and orbitofrontal cortex. The presentation of odors induced pattern-based encoding in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the left ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens, and the right Amy/pirC when accounting for behavioral differences. This suggests that odors influence the effects of labels both on a neural and behavioral level and may offer the possibility of compensating for obstructive associations. The detailed mechanisms of odor and statement interactions within the relevant brain areas should be further investigated, especially for labels that evoke negative expectations.Significance statementOverweight and obesity, which pose significant health risks, can be addressed by nutritional or health labeling to help consumers make more informed dietary choices. However, such labels can also create negative expectations about the flavor including the smell of the product. This fMRI study shows that incorporating olfactory stimuli with nutrition labels can enhance the positive perception as shown by behavioral responses and alter neural activity in key brain regions involved in flavor perception and decision-making. This suggests that odors modify label perception and may help counteract negative associations. Our study demonstrates the importance of multisensory integration for label processing and provides a valuable foundation for developing more effective labeling strategies to promote healthier eating behavior.