bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEACHER REINFORCEMENT TO THE STUDENTS TO UNDERSTAND THE SIX ENGLISH TENSES
Authors: Tarmin Andi Masriadi , Darwis Nirwana , Nur Hasriati 
Published: February 2023

This thesis presents research about “Teacher Reinforcement to the Students to Understand the Six English Tenses at the Tenth Grade of Sma Islam Athirah Bone”, the students always find the difficulties in their tenses understanding. Reinforcement method is one of methods which can help the students to solve their difficulties in their tenses understanding. The problem statements of this thesis is: does the use of reinforcement effective to the student understand the six tenses at the tenth grade students of Sma Islam Athirah Bone. This research uses quantitative method with pre-experimental design. The researcher applies cluster sampling by choosing IPS class of the first year that consists of 27 students with one group pre-test and post-test design. This research employs a test based on the problem statement investigated, it is multiple choice test. Multiple choice test consists of pre-test was given to the students to know the students’ tenses understanding before applying reinforcement method and post-test is given to the students to know the students’ tenses understanding after applying reinforcement method, while the data obtains through tests are analyzed with mean score and the formula of t-test. After several meetings, this research finds out the use of reinforcement method is sigificantly effective in increasing the students tenses understanding. The result of this research shows : (1) the mean score obtained by the students through pre-test is 41,03 and post-test is 54,11. (2) the t-test value is higher than the t-table (10,052.048). It means that there is a significant difference between the result of the students’ pre-test and post-test. Therefore, null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted.
VALIDATION METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF Cd (II) IN NPK FERTILIZER BY FLAME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AT THE QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY, PT. PUPUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Hayon Leonardus Lewo , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Panggabean Aman Sentosa 
Published: February 2023

The research about validation method of determination of Cd (II) in NPK fertilizer by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry at the Quality Control Laboratory, PT. Pupuk Kaltim has been done. Determination of Cd (II) was done by referring to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2803:2012. Based on the research results obtained by the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9991; reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value was 4.502 % less than 2/3 CV Horwitz was 9.757 and repeatability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value was 5.225% less than 2/3 CV Horwitz was 9.695; % recovery was in the range of 80-110 % with an average was 98.56 %; limit of detection was 0.056 mg/kg and limit of quantitation was 0,066 mg/kg; uncertainty estimation of measurement with uncertainty components of concentration, volume, mass, precision and purity of the standard solution, obtained the expanded uncertainty value with a 95 % confidence level was Â± 0.197 mg/kg and uncertainty percentage value was 10.43 %.
Is There a Demand for Autocracy in Belarusian Society?
Authors: Rudkouski Piotr 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
2020 saw an unprecedented pro-democracy mobilization in Belarus. Indeed, protest actions against the grossly falsified presidential election and the authoritarian rule of Aliaksandr Lukashenka were impressive in many respects: number of participants, durability, frequency, and diversity. However, that year was also remarkable for mobilization of supporters of Lukashenka’s authoritarian rule: car rallies, pickets, and small-group marches in support of the incumbent lasted for months. Though far from being ubiquitous, a demand for autocracy does exist in Belarusian society. It can be explained by four factors: a tendency towards an economic trade-off, axiological Euroscepticism, the activity of pro-autocracy intellectuals, and the global decline in democracy.
A Study of Contrasts in Balkrishna Sama's Prahlad
Authors: Adhikari Shreedhar 
Published: February 2023

Contrast is considered as a powerful tool that researchers used to identify and describe differences they encounter in the world. It is a literary device that explores differences between two or more things, ideas, and persons. It is also used to evaluate differences. The present study makes an attempt to examine contrasts as literary device in Balkrishna Sama's drama, Prahlad. The purpose of this study is to explore a cultural/social contrast that has been expressed through speech and action of the characters as Hiranya Kashyapu and Prahlad. The contrast is used in literary works in order to emphasise on intended meaning of literary works. Qualitative research methodology has been used for the study. The original text, Prahlad, has been primarily analysed using the technique of social/cultural contrast. As a supportive technique, antithesis has also been used. The close textual analysis has shown many layers of contrasts in the drama. Analysis reveals the significant role of literary contrasts in portraying interaction between characters and their surroundings including human beings, nature, and society. Tracing the contrasting personalities and perspectives of the characters, one can discern a variety of messages about human experiences. Of special significance is Sama's skill in showing how interaction between Hiranya and Prahlad reveal true nature of human beings, nature and society. The contrast used in the play, Prahlad sends strong messages of thinking spiritually and materially. There is struggle between spiritualism and materialism, religion and science, path of devotion and thirst of temporal, service and business and so on. The study has highlighted on new approach of interpreting to the ancient literature.
Role of Working and Non-working Women in Household Decision Making
Authors: Basnet Pokhrel Sabitra 
Published: February 2023

The objective of the study is to discover the socioeconomic position of women in Kohalpur Municipality Ward No. 10 in order to determine the variations between the roles played by working and non-working women in household decision-making, as well as the factors that influence women's decision-making ability. This study uses both primary and secondary data in accordance with its needs. During the field survey, the sampled unit's primary data is chosen using a structured questionnaire and an interview. In this study, both quantitative and qualitative data have been gathered and employed. Secondary information is gathered from the Kohalpur Municipality ward number 10 survey 2078. Judgment/deliberate non-random sampling have been used to choose the research households. There are 950 houses and 5148 people in total among these wards. Only 50 of the total number of households were chosen by me among them. They range in age from 16 to 59, with 25 of them employed and 25 not. The study's conclusion is that the majority of Nepalese women reside in rural areas where their options for employment are confined to agricultural work on farms, many of which are held by their father, spouse, landowners, or siblings. Women in Nepal aren't allowed to own property, so they must work on men's land from dawn till sunset to support themselves and their families. Therefore, males are responsible for ensuring that women have the means to survive not only in external affairs but also in their own domestic issues, which are an essential component of their life.
Female Resistance in Ek Chihan Novel
Authors: Wagle Manendra 
Published: February 2023

Feminist theory is the method of study about women's ecomomic, social, political status based on society, family and various cultural value and beliefs. With the development of Western literature, its influence has increased tremendously along with its entry into world literature. The article is based on Hridaychandra Singh Pradhan's Ek Chihan novel and its narration on women's exploitation at family, society & economic and their resistance as the subject of the study. Marxist feminism is main basis for the analysis of the novel. The library is used for the collection of materials and the novel is analyzed by creating an analysis framework from the collected materials. The novel analyzes the unequal treatment of a husband towards his wife, sexual exploitation of a young woman by enticement and lure and patriachal male mentality. The novel summarizes the perspective for the women to act against all types of injustices and oppression against them.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Entreprenurial dan Budaya Organisasional Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Perilaku Kerja Inovatif di Jakarta
Authors: Reynal Ignatius , Piki Martinus , Ardimi Maria Graciela , Suwandi Caroline Ike , Ferdinan Bernardus Aris 
Published: February 2023

Artikel ini memiliki tujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh dari kepemimpinan entrepreneurial dan budaya organisasional terhadap kinerja melalui perilaku kerja inovatif. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 303 orang, yang adalah karyawan non-managerial di Kota Jakarta. Data dibagikan melalui google form dan diolah menggunakan structural equation modeling (SEM) dengan program LISREL. Hasil dari olah data menyatakan bahwa kepemimpinan entrepreneurial berpengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif, budaya organisasional berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif, perilaku kerja inovatif berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kinerja, kepemimpinan entrepreneurial tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja, budaya organisasional tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja, kepemimpinan entrepreneurial tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja melalui perilaku kerja inovatif, dan budaya organisasional berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kinerja melalui perilaku kerja inovatif. This article aims to examine the influence of entrepreneurial leadership and organizational culture on performance through innovative work behavior. The research sample is 303 people, who are non-managerial employees in the city of Jakarta. Data was shared via Google form and processed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with the LISREL program. The results of data processing state that entrepreneurial leadership has a significant and negative effect on innovative work behavior, organizational culture has a significant and positive effect on innovative work behavior, innovative work behavior has a significant and positive effect on performance, entrepreneurial leadership is not significant on performance, organizational culture is not significant on performance, entrepreneurial leadership has no significant effect on performance through innovative work behavior, and organizational culture has a significant and positive effect on performance through innovative work behavior.
Extensive extracranial growth of spheno-orbital meningioma: illustrative case
Authors: Saito Makoto , Nishimura Shinjitsu , Okuyama Sumito , Kubota Keiichi , Matsuyama Junko , Takemura Atsuhito , Matsushima Tadao , Sakuma Hideo , Watanabe Kazuo 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND
Spheno-orbital meningioma (SOM) typically presents with a classic triad of symptoms (i.e., proptosis, visual impairment, and ocular paresis), resulting from intraorbital tumor invasion. The authors present a very rare case of SOM in which the chief complaint was swelling of the left temporal region, which, to the best of their knowledge, has not been reported previously.

OBSERVATIONS
The patient presented with marked extracranial extension to the left temporal region but unremarkable intraorbital extension, even on radiological examination. Physical examination of the patient showed almost no exophthalmos or restriction of left eye movement, consistent with the radiological findings. Four separate meningioma specimens were removed by extraction (i.e., one each from the intracranial, extracranial, and intraorbital segments of the tumor and one from the skull). The World Health Organization grade was 1 and the MIB-1 index was less than 1%, indicating a diagnosis of a benign tumor.

LESSONS
SOM may be present even in patients with only temporal swelling and few ocular-related symptoms, and detailed imaging evaluations may be required to identify the tumor.
Spontaneous rupture of an arachnoid cyst in an adult: illustrative case
Authors: Leavitt Lydia A. , Nanda Pranav , Stemmer-Rachamimov Anat , Dunn Gavin P. , Jones Pamela S. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND
Arachnoid cysts are common intracranial mass lesions frequently discovered as incidental findings on radiographic imaging. It is routine practice to monitor these lesions as a large majority remain stable. Although traumatic cyst rupture is a known risk, it is rare for patients to present with spontaneous rupture.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors report the case of a 32-year-old patient who required emergent neurosurgical intervention for spontaneous rupture of a left hemispheric arachnoid cyst.

LESSONS
Patients with ruptured arachnoid cysts can present with vague, nonspecific symptoms that may delay diagnosis. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, arachnoid cyst rupture can progress to a neurosurgical emergency as the subdural collection may cause extensive mass effect and even cerebral herniation.
Surgical outcome of a patient with Bertolotti’s syndrome in whom the established Castellvi classification system failed: illustrative case
Authors: Chung Richard J. , Harvie Camryn , O’Donnell John , Jenkins Sarah , Jenkins Arthur L. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND
Bertolotti’s syndrome is a condition of the lower back and/or L5 distribution leg pain caused by a lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV). Diagnosing the LSTV as the cause of the symptoms and condition is essential for accurate management of this syndrome. Castellvi’s classification system is widely accepted for LSTV anatomy, but it measures only one aspect of transitional anatomy and was intended primarily to identify target-level disk herniations.

OBSERVATIONS
In this case, the Castellvi classification system failed to identify the patient (with 2 years of back and L5 pain) as having an LSTV, even though he displayed LSTV-like anatomy because both L5 transverse process heights measured less than 19 mm. He attained brief but significant relief from bilateral injections into the L5–S1 transverse/ala region and underwent a minimally invasive bilateral decompression of L5–S1 with almost complete relief of his symptoms maintained more than 6 months postoperatively.

LESSONS
Given that the patient gained significant relief from treatment of transitional anatomy that failed to be identified using Castellvi’s classification system, this case suggests that transverse process height may not be adequate or even the most clinically relevant indicator in identifying LSTV anatomy, which is a precursor to the diagnosis of Bertolotti’s syndrome.
Peroneal intraneural ganglion cyst with a nearly invisible joint connection (even to advocates of the articular theory): illustrative case
Authors: Lenartowicz Karina A. , Amrami Kimberly K. , Spinner Robert J. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND
The articular (synovial) theory describes the formation of intraneural ganglion cysts through defects in the capsule of synovial joints. While the articular theory is gaining significant traction in the literature, it is not universally accepted. Therefore, the authors present a case of a plainly visible peroneal intraneural cyst, although the subtle joint connection was not identified specifically at the time of surgery, with subsequent rapid extraneural cyst recurrence. The joint connection was not immediately evident on review of the magnetic resonance imaging, even to the authors who have a large experience with this clinical entity. The authors report this case to demonstrate that all intraneural ganglion cysts have joint connections, although they may be difficult to identify.

OBSERVATIONS
An occult joint connection in the intraneural ganglion poses a unique diagnostic and management dilemma. High-resolution imaging is a valuable tool used to identify the articular branch joint connection as part of the surgical planning.

LESSONS
Based on the articular theory, all intraneural ganglion cysts will have a joint connection through an articular branch, although this may be small or nearly invisible. Failure to appreciate this connection can lead to cyst recurrence. A high index of suspicion of the articular branch is needed for surgical planning.
Model Pendidikan Kewirausahaan yang Ideal untuk Menumbuhkan Entreprenuer Muda
Authors: Setyoningrum Ari Ani Dyah , Nindita Kirtyana , Sirait Evi , Herdawan Deri 
Published: February 2023

Pertumbuhan wirausaha baru dalam memperkuat ekonomi berbasis inovasi dan teknologi sangat diperlukan. Sinergi dunia pendidikan dengan pengembangan wirausaha menjadi hal penting. Menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan bagi mahasiswa merupakan alternatif jalan keluar untuk mengurangi tingkat pengangguran. Pendidikan kewirausahaan diberikan dengan harapan memotivasi dan menjadi bekal ilmu untuk berwirausaha. Namun pada kenyataannya, pendidikan kewirausahaan tidak secara langsung membuat lulusan untuk berani membuka usaha. Pemikiran lulus mencari kerja masih banyak ditemui, sehingga tingkat pengangguran terdidik meningkat. Politeknik harus memahami realitas saat ini dengan menciptakan wirausaha muda yang inovatif, kreatif dan terdidik. Pendidikan kewirausahaan harus dapat menumbuhkan jiwa wirausaha di kalangan mahasiswa. Untuk menumbuhkan jiwa wirausaha di kalangan mahasiswa diperlukan pembelajaran berbasis aktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan gambaran pendidikan kewirausahaan di vokasi kemaritiman melalui kurikulum yang dikembangkan berdasarkan tujuan pembelajaran, materi, metode dan evaluasi pembelajaran serta membuat model pendidikan kewirausahaan. Pendidikan kewirausahaan seharusnya menumbuhkan perilaku sesuai dengan karakter wirausaha. Model pendidikan kewirausahaan yang tepat akan mampu menumbuhkan motivasi untuk berwirausaha, membangun sikap mental wirausaha, meningkatkan keterampilan berwirausaha, serta menumbuhkan wirausaha baru yang berlatar belakang pendidikan tinggi.

Kata kunci: Model Pendidikan, Wirausaha, Vokasi Maritim
Pengembangan Entrepreneurship di Kalangan Pelajar
Authors: Ma'arif Samsul , Muna Naily El , Darmawan Muhammad Charis 
Published: February 2023

Ada sebuah transformasi dalam mewujudkan lembaga unggul tidak hanya dari dana komite, akan tetapi juga melalui kemandirian ekonomi dan kebersamaan lembaga Ma’arif Sidoarjo. Terlebih lagi siswa SMA/MA/SMK, sebagai usia pra produktif diharapkan jika sudah lulus mempunyai ketrampilan yang cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Lebih lanjut lagi di era cetak biru MEA, semua bidang diarahkan untuk lebih produktif dan berbasis wirausaha. Penelitian ini berusaha mengeksplorasi pengembangan entrepreneurship di kalangan pelajar, yang dalam penelitian ini sebagai objek penelitian adalah lembaga Ma’arif Sidoarjo, dan diwakili oleh SMK NU plus Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Untuk memvalidasi keabsahan data, peneliti mempunyai peran terlibat langsung untuk proses wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Peneliti menggunakan teknik snowball sampling dalam proses pengambilan data. Peneliti mewawancarai guru, wakil kepala sekolah, pengurus koperasi Annahdliyah, penanggung jawab wirausaha sekolah, dan siswa yang terlibat praktek. Penelitian ini menemukan ada feedback pengembangan entrepreneurship yang mampu dirasakan semua lapisan di antaranya; peningkatan mutu sekolah, meningkatkan kesejahteraan guru/pegawai, peningkatan kualitas lulusan dan juga kepercayaan kolega (alfamart, indomaret)
Kata kunci: Pengembangan entrepreneurship, kemandirian ekonomi, lembaga unggul.
PERANAN JAMINAN SOSIAL TENAGA KERJA OLEH BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN SOSIAL BAGI KARYAWAN (Studi di Kantor BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Kediri)
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno 
Published: February 2023

Pekerja dalam melakukan hubungan kerja sering diabaikan terkait perlindungannya, sehingga perlindungan terhadap tenaga kerja dimaksudkan untuk melindungi hak-hak dasar pekerja/buruh dan menjamin kesamaan kesempatan serta perlakuan tanpa diskriminasi atas dasar apapun untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan pekerja/buruh. BPJS Ketenagakerjaan dalam melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya sebagai penyelenggara jaminan sosial sangat erat kaitannya dengan para pekerja maupun pihak pemberi kerja ataupun korporasi, hal ini terlihat dalam hubungan yang berkaitan dengan pembayaran premi yang nantinya akan dibayarkan pihak korporasi untuk menjamin pekerjanya agar mendapatkan program jaminan sosial yang diselenggarakan oleh BPJS Ketenagakerjaan.
Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah : (1)Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa bentuk perlindungan dari BPJS Ketenagakerjaan dalam melindungi pekerja yang mengalami kecelakaan saat bekerja; (2) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa tanggung jawab dari BPJS Ketenagakerjaan kepada pekerja yang mengalami kecelakaan kerja hingga mengakibatkan meninggal dunia atau cacat fisik, baik itu didalam dan diluar jam kerja.
Jenis Penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif-empiris atau normatif-terapan, yaitu penelitian hukum mengenai pemberlakuan atau implementasi ketentuan hukum normatif. Sumber data yang digunakan diperoleh langsung dari lapangan melalui wawancara dari kantor BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Kota Kediri. Teknik pengumpulan datanya dengan menggunakan studi pustaka, wawancara dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa : (1) Bentuk perlindungan dari BPJS Ketenagakerjaan dalam melindungi pekerja yang mengalami kecelakaan saat bekerja adalah berupa, pemberian pelayanan kesehatan, pemberian santunan, program kembali bekerja, kegiatan promotif dan preventif, rehabilitasi berupa alat bantu, dan beasiswa pendidikan kepada anak peserta BPJS Ketenagakerjaan. Selanjutnya mengenai klaim Jaminan Sosial Tenaga Kerja dapat diproses saat adanya pihak yang mengajukan untuk mencairkan dana berdasarkan keadaan yang dialami sesuai dengan program yang dijamin oleh perusahaan akan tetapi dalam hal perolehan santunan, pekerja harus mengurus sendiri dan pelaksanaan jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan yang dilaksanakan sendiri oleh perusahaan pemberi kerja mampu meringankan beban pekerja dan dapat memenuhi kebutuhannya bersama keluarganya. (2) Tanggung jawab BPJS Ketenagakerjaan didalam jam kerja dibuktikan dengan waktu terjadinya kecelakaan yaitu pada saat jam kerja sehingga jelas disebut sebagai kecelakaan kerja. Kecelakaan diluar jam kerja dibuktikan dengan waktu dan tempat terjadinya kecelakaan yaitu saat berangkat dan pulang jam kerja, dan letak kecelakaan terjadi harus berada pada jalan yang dilalui antara rumah dengan tempat kerja atau sebaliknya