bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The path between socioeconomic inequality and cognitive function: A mediation analysis based on the HAALSI cohort in rural South Africa
Authors: Mutola Sianga , Gómez-Olivé F. Xavier , Ng Nawi 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSocioeconomic position (SEP) strongly predicts late-life cognitive health, yet the pathways between SEP and cognitive function remain unclear. This study assessed whether and to what extent the association between SEP and cognitive function in the adult population in rural South Africa is mediated by some health conditions, behavioral factors, and social capital factors.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we used data from the 2014–15 “Health and Aging Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa” (HAALSI) cohort, including 5,059 adults aged 40+ years from the Agincourt sub-district in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. SEP, the independent variable, was measured based on ownership of household goods. Cognitive function, the dependent variable, was assessed using questions related to time orientation and immediate and delayed word recall. We used the multiple-mediation analysis on 4125 individuals with complete values on all variables to assess the mediating roles of health conditions (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and disability), behavioral factors (leisure physical activity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking), and social capital factors (community's willingness to help, trust, sense of safety, and social network contact) in the association between SEP and cognitive function.ResultsCompared to adults in the poorest wealth quintile, those in the richest wealth quintile had better cognition (β = 0.903, p &lt; 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed that health conditions mediated 20.7% of the total effect of SEP on cognitive function. In comparison, 3.3% was mediated by behavioral factors and only 0.7% by social capital factors. In the multiple-mediator model, 17.9% of the effect of SEP on cognitive function was jointly mediated by health conditions, behavioral factors, and social capital factors.ConclusionLow socioeconomic position is a significant factor associated with poor cognitive function among adults aged 40 years and above in South Africa. Health conditions mainly mediate the effects between SEP and cognitive function. Therefore, actions to prevent and control chronic health conditions can serve as the entry point for intervention to prevent poor cognitive function among people with low socioeconomic status.
The influence of natural environment in residential areas on subjective well-being of the elderly
Authors: Li Zhen , Jiang Yi , Jin Ziyang , Pu Yiran , Li Hao 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the relationship between the natural environment of residential areas and the subjective wellbeing of the elderly and the role of elderly's evaluation of the government's environmental protection work in both.MethodsBased on the China Social Survey Database in 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, Stata were used to process the data screened according to the restricted conditions. Ordered Probit Model and Sobel were used to test the effect relationship among the variables.ResultsThe subjective wellbeing of the elderly is roughly increasing. The natural environment of the living area has a significant positive effect on the subjective wellbeing of the elderly. The evaluation of the elderly on the government's environmental protection work has a positive impact on the elderly's subjective wellbeing similarly and plays an increasingly important intermediary role in the impact of the natural environment in the residential area on the elderly's subjective wellbeing.ConclusionTo improve the subjective wellbeing of the elderly, the government should continue to play a leading role in coordinating environmental protection and pollution control, strengthen publicity of environmental protection work. Moreover, improve the residential environment governance and protection system oriented by the elderly's evaluation of the government's environmental protection work.
Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adult people living with HIV initiated during the COVID-19 epidemic waves – observations at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Kafwanka Powell , Nalule Flavia Muyinza , Michelo Charles 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related disruptions in healthcare services and clinical outcomes have been predicted and documented. However, little is known about how antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have manifested amidst the ‘Undetectable = Untransmittable' campaign initiative. Using a patient's viral load as a proxy for medication adherence, our study aimed to determine the adherence to ART on first-line medications among adult people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHIV) at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia during the pandemic.MethodsThis was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Secondary data of PLWHIV registered to receive ART from the Adult Infectious Disease Centre was extracted from the SmartCare® electronic health record system to constitute a resultant data set that this study used. The data extraction form was used to extract values of dependent (ART adherence measured by viral load detectability) and independent variables and imported them into the statistical analysis tool, STATA version 16.1 MP. Descriptive statistics of individual characteristics, testing for associations using Pearson's chi-square test, and stratified and combined multivariable logistic regression were performed.ResultsOf the 7,281 adult PLWHIV included in this study, 9.0% (95% CI 8.3–9.6%) were virally detectable. Estimates of the odds ratios of detectable viral load remained significantly higher among adult PLWHIV who were initiated on ART after the U=U campaign was launched in Zambia and were on a monthly 2.51 (1.31–9.03) or 6-monthly 4.75 (3.52–6.41) dispensing of a dolutegravir-based regimen and those on 6-monthly dispensing of an efavirenz-based regimen 4.67 (2.16–10.08) compared to their counterparts. Overall estimates showed us the same picture 4.14 (3.22–5.31), having adjusted for all other predictor variables.ConclusionWe found that a high proportion of people with detectable viral load in the study population, irrespective of medication refill interval and type of regimen, was concentrated among adult PLWHIV who started treatment during the COVID-19 epidemic waves, as compared to those who started treatment before the pandemic. This observed disparity suggests the inherent impact of the pandemic on the adherence to ART among adult PLWHIV in Lusaka, Zambia. This further illustrates how exposed program responses are to external shocks, especially in already weakened health systems, and the need to create program response buffers and resilient program-specific strategies to minimize the effect of external disruptions.
The impact of integrated urban and rural resident basic medical insurance on health service equity: Evidence from China
Authors: Li Qiaosheng , Zhang Lanyue , Jian Weiyan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundMany countries and regions worldwide are improving their healthcare systems through the integration and unification of health insurance programs covering different groups of people. In China, the past 10 years has been the time when Chinese government promote the Urban and Rural Residents Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) by integrating the Urban Residents' Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) and New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS).ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of the URRBMI on equity in relation to health services.MethodsThe quantitative data used in this study were obtained from the CFPS 2014–2020 database, and all respondents with health insurance type UEBMI, URBMI, and NRCMS were included. UEBMI respondents were set as the control group and URBMI or NRCMS as the intervention group, and a DID method model was used to analyze the impact of integrating health insurance on health service utilization, costs and health status. Heterogeneity analysis was also conducted after stratifying the sample according to income level and chronic disease status. This was done to investigate whether there were differences in the effects of the integrated health insurance program across different social groups.ResultsThe implementation of URRBMI is found to be associated with a significant increase in inpatient service utilization (OR = 1.51, P &lt; 0.01) among rural Chinese residents. Regression results by income stratum show that the utilization of inpatient services increased in rural areas for high-, middle- and low-income groups, with the fastest increase (OR = 1.78, P &lt; 0.05) emerging for low-income groups. Analysis by chronic disease status shows that rural residents with chronic disease are associated with a higher increase in hospitalization rates (OR = 1.64, P &lt; 0.01).ConclusionThe implementation of URRBMI is found to have improved health insurance's ability to withstand risks and effectively improve access to health services for rural residents. In this regard, it can be considered as playing a positive role in bridging the gap in health service utilization between rural and urban areas and in improving regional equity.
Temporal associations between depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and satisfaction with family life: A 15-year study
Authors: Joshanloo Mohsen 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionIn South Korea, depression has significant economic and social impacts, including increased healthcare costs and a relatively high suicide rate. Reducing the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the general population is therefore an important public health goal in this country. To achieve this goal, it is essential to identify the factors that may increase or decrease the risk of depression. This study examined the association between depressive symptoms and two indicators of wellbeing: self-esteem and satisfaction with family life. A primary objective was to examine whether higher self-esteem and satisfaction with family life could predict a decrease in depressive symptoms in the future.MethodsA large representative sample was used, collected over a 15-year period with annual lags. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to examine reciprocal associations between the 3 variables at the within-person level.ResultsAll within-person effects were found to be reciprocal, significant, and in the expected direction. Thus, within-person deviations in any of the variables are associated with future within-person deviations in the other variables.DiscussionThese results suggest that indicators of positive mental health (self-esteem and satisfaction with family life) are protective factors against future depressive symptoms. In addition, depressive symptoms are risk factors for lower self-esteem and lower satisfaction with family life.
Uptake patterns and predictors of colorectal cancer screening among adults resident in Spain: A population-based study from 2017 to 2020
Authors: Portero de la Cruz Silvia , Cebrino Jesús 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAlthough population screening has improved the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), most cases are diagnosed in symptomatic patients. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and evolution over time of uptake patterns to fecal immunochemical test (FIT) as a screening test for CRC among individuals aged 50–69 in Spain, and to determine the predictive factors for uptake patterns to this type of screening based on sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle characteristics.MethodsA cross-sectional study with 14,163 individuals from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey and the 2020 European Health Survey was performed, including as the main variable uptake pattern to FIT screening within the last 2 years, with which we analyzed sociodemographic factors, health status and lifestyle habits.Results38.01% of participants had undergone FIT in the previous 2 years, and from 2017 to 2020, a significant increase in the uptake rate for CRC was observed (2017: 32.35%, 2020: 43.92%, p &lt; 0.001). The positive predictors to FIT uptake pattern included factors such as being between 57 and 69 years, having a higher educational level or a higher social class, having at least one chronic illness, frequent contact with the primary care physician, alcohol consumption and physical activity, while immigration and smoking habit were negative predictors.ConclusionIn Spain, although the evolution of FIT uptake pattern over time is positive, the prevalence of FIT uptake is still low (38.01%), not reaching the level considered as acceptable in the European guidelines. Moreover, there are disparities in CRC screening uptake among individuals.
Evaluation of ecological green high-quality development based on network hierarchy model for the demonstration area in Yangtze River Delta in China
Authors: Wang Wen , Chen Lihong , Yan Xinfeng 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe construction of the Yangtze River Delta ecological green development demonstration area aims to take the lead in exploring an eco-friendly development model, demonstrating and leading the higher quality integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta in China.MethodsThrough literature research, expert inquiries, and policy documents as the guidance, this study builds an ecological green high-quality development evaluation system for the demonstration area, including building an index system composed of 4 first-class indicators, 16 second-class indicators and 42 third-class indicators derived from economy, society and environment system, determining the index weight through the network analytic hierarchy process, and establishing the comprehensive evaluation index (CEI) and differential diagnosis index (DDI) of high-quality development, which is based on the relevant theory of statistical comprehensive index.ResultsThe establishment of this system provides a complete theoretical support and scientific guidance for the comprehensive evaluation of high-quality ecological green development and more balanced development of the demonstration area; and it can point out the development direction for the subsequent development of the Yangtze River Delta.DiscussionHowever, due to the availability of data, there is still room for further improvement in this paper. In the future research, the model can be used to evaluate the high-quality development level of the demonstration area through the relevant data of the demonstration area.
Comparison of Cu-CHA-Zeolites in the Hybrid NSR-SCR Catalytic System for NOx Abatement in Mobile Sources
Authors: Molina-Ramírez Sergio , Cortés-Reyes Marina , Herrera Concepción , Larrubia María Ángeles , Alemany Luis José 
Published: March 2023

DeNOx activity in a NSR–SCR hybrid system of two copper-containing chabazite-type zeolitic catalysts was addressed. A Pt-Ba-K/Al2O3 model catalyst was used as the NSR (NOx storage and reduction) catalyst. For the SCR (selective catalytic reduction) system, two Cu-CHA zeolites were synthesized employing a single hydrothermal synthesis method assisted with ultrasound and incorporating Cu in a 2 wt.%, 2Cu-SAPO-34 and 2Cu-SSZ-13. The prepared catalysts were characterized, and the crystallinity, surface area, pore size, HR-TEM and EDX mapping, coordination of Cu ions and acidity were compared. The NH3 storage capacity of the SCR catalysts was 1890 and 837 μmol NH3·gcat−1 for 2Cu-SAPO-34 and 2Cu-SSZ-13, respectively. DeNOx activity was evaluated for the single NSR system and the double-bed NSR–SCR by employing alternating lean (3%O2) and rich (1%H2) cycles, maintaining a concentration of 600 ppm NO, 1.5% H2O and 0.3% CO2 between 200 and 350 °C. The addition of the SCR system downstream of the NSR catalyst significantly improved NOx conversion mainly at low temperature, maintaining the selectivity to N2 above 80% and reaching values above 90% at 250 °C when the 2Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst was located. The total reduction in the production of NH3 and ~2% of N2O was observed when comparing the NSR–SCR configuration with the single NSR catalyst.
Simulation of Particulate Matter Structure Detachment from Surfaces of Wall-Flow Filters for Elevated Velocities Applying Lattice Boltzmann Methods
Authors: Hafen Nicolas , Marquardt Jan E. , Dittler Achim , Krause Mathias J. 
Published: March 2023

Rearrangement events in wall-flow filters lead to the formation of specific deposition patterns, which affect a filter’s pressure drop, its loading capacity and the separation efficiency. A universal and consistent formulation of probable causes and influence factors does not exist and appropriate calculation models that enable a quantification of respective influence factors are missing. In this work, a previously developed lattice Boltzmann method, which has been used with inflow velocities of up to 2 m s−1, is applied to elevated velocities of up to 60 m s−1. The particle-free flow, a single layer fragment and a deposition layer during break-up are investigated as three different scenarios. One goal of this work is a comprehensive quantification of the stability and accuracy of both particle-free and particle-including flows, considering static, impermeable deposition-layer fragments. A second goal is the determination of the hydrodynamic surface forces and the deduction of the local detachment likelihood of individual layer fragments. Satisfactory stability and accuracy can be shown for fluid velocity, fluid pressure and the hydrodynamic forces. When considering layer fragments, the parameter domain turns out to be limited to inflow velocities of 28 m s−1. It is shown that fragment detachment rather occurs consecutively and regions of no possible detachment are identified. The work contributes to an understanding of rearrangement events and respective deposition pattern predictions and enables potential optimizations in engine performance, fuel consumption and the service life of wall-flow filters.
Knockout Mutants of OsPUB7 Generated Using CRISPR/Cas9 Revealed Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice
Authors: Kim Me-Sun , Ko Seo-Rin , Jung Yu Jin , Kang Kwon-Kyoo , Lee Yung-Jo , Cho Yong-Gu 
Published: March 2023

Plants produce and accumulate stress-resistant substances when exposed to abiotic stress, which involves a protein conversion mechanism that breaks down stress-damaged proteins and supplies usable amino acids. Eukaryotic protein turnover is mostly driven by the ubiquitination pathway. Among the three enzymes required for protein degradation, E3 ubiquitin ligase plays a pivotal role in most cells, as it determines the specificity of ubiquitination and selects target proteins for degradation. In this study, to investigate the function of OsPUB7 (Plant U-box gene in Oryza sativa), we constructed a CRISPR/Cas9 vector, generated OsPUB7 gene-edited individuals, and evaluated resistance to abiotic stress using gene-edited lines. A stress-tolerant phenotype was observed as a result of drought and salinity stress treatment in the T2 OsPUB7 gene-edited null lines (PUB7-GE) lacking the T-DNA. In addition, although PUB7-GE did not show any significant change in mRNA expression analysis, it showed lower ion leakage and higher proline content than the wild type (WT). Protein–protein interaction analysis revealed that the expression of the genes (OsPUB23, OsPUB24, OsPUB66, and OsPUB67) known to be involved in stress increased in PUB7-GE and this, by forming a 1-node network with OsPUB66 and OsPUB7, acted as a negative regulator of drought and salinity stress. This result provides evidence that OsPUB7 will be a useful target for both breeding and future research on drought tolerance/abiotic stress in rice.
Adubação com Bokashi e granulado Bioclástico Marinho afetam o crescimento e a produção de óleo essencial de hortalã peluda
Authors: Moreira da Silva Iberê Marti , Alvarenga Amauri , Cardoso De Paula Ana 
Published: March 2023

No trabalho avaliamos a adubação orgânica, em diferentes doses, na produção de biomassa e óleo essencial (OE) de plantas Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. As doses de adubação foram aplicadas em vasos de 3L: EL-Bokashi em 10 g, 15 g e 20 g; Formulado Orgânico Mineral Natural (FOMN) em 25 g, 30 g e 35 g; e a mistura de EL-Bokaschi (15 g) + FOMN em 15 g, 20 g e 25 g. O experimento foi conduzido em DIC simples, com 9 tratamentos. Aos 80 dias após plantio realizou-se analises de crescimento e produção de OE das plantas, e submetidas ao teste Scott Knott 5 % de probabilidade. As plantas adubadas com o composto EL-Bokashi (15 g)+FOMN (15 g), e o EL-Bokashi (20 g), proporcionou maior biomassa seca das raízes e na parte aérea. As plantas adubadas com o composto EL-Bokashi (15 g) + FOMN (20 g), e com FOMN (30 g), apresentaram maior produção de OE. Recomenda-se a utilização conjugada de EL-Bokashi + FOMN para produção de biomassa e OE de hortelã peluda.
Qualidade fisiológica das sementes de duas cultivares de soja em diferentes épocas de colheita
Authors: Portilho de Araujo Lays Leandra , Nogueira dos Anjos Danilo , Alves e Mendes Hellenn Thallyta , Portilho de Araujo Laila Leandra 
Published: March 2023

A soja é uma cultura que apresenta destaque na economia brasileira, com alta demanda de produção. Para se obter lavouras de alta produtividade, o momento ideal de colheita influi diretamente na qualidade fisiológica das sementes. Deste modo, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no IFMT Campus Confresa e teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de duas cultivares de soja ST783 IPRO e 79I81 RSF IPRO com antecipação e retardamento de colheita, colhidas em três épocas respectivamente: R7.3, R8 e R8 + 10. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, onde sementes foram submetidas aos testes de germinação, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento da raiz, comprimento da plântula, matéria fresca da raiz, matéria seca da raiz, matéria fresca da plântula, e matéria seca plântula. A cultivar 79I81 RSF IPRO não suportou o retardamento de colheita em R8 + 10, mas apresenta o mesmo vigor em R7.3 e R8 para a maioria das características avaliadas, demonstrando que mantém a qualidade fisiológicas das sementes quando ocorre antecipação de colheita. A cultivar ST783 IPRO se mostrou tolerante a colheita tardia. E ambas as cultivares possuem o mesmo vigor em R8. O período de maturidade fisiológica é a época mais adequada para colheita.
Desktop-Based of Outdoor Tools Buying and Sales Information System
Authors: Wardani Yuniatin Trisnawati Dwi Kusuma , Rohani Ismi 
Published: March 2023

System development is carried out to produce a system that can help process transactions related to purchases and sales. System development is designed to make a computerized sales and purchasing system so it will facilitate all activities quickly, easily and accurately. System development carried out in Alambara Adventure because it still uses a manual system in running the sales and purchasing system, so that the manual implementation process is still experiencing time and accuracy problems. The method used in this research is the descriptive analysis method. Information systems applied in the sale and purchase of outdoor equipment are in the form of internet and desktop-based information systems. The system is built using Borland Delphi 7 and Microsoft Access as a database and there is automation for coding, among others, item code, customer, supplier, and invoice number. System analysis starts from analyzing the running system then analyzing system weaknesses and finally making a system requirements analysis. The system design stage starts from making context diagrams, data flow diagrams, and flowcharts, then making input and output designs. The novelty of the system designed at Alambara Adventure is the testing phase carried out on the user through Acceptance testing at the system design stage and at the end of the system design.