bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical aptasensors for pathogenic detection toward point‐of‐care diagnostics
Authors: Kizilkurtlu Ahmet Akif , Demirbas Erhan , Agel Hatice Esra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA biosensor system refers to a biomedical device, which detects biological, chemical, or biochemical components by converting those signals to an electrical signal by utilizing and uniting physical or chemical transducer with biorecognition elements. An electrochemical biosensor is generally based on the reaction of either production or consumption of electrons under a three‐electrode system. Biosensor systems are exploited in a wide range of areas, such as medicine, agriculture, husbandry, food, industry, environment protection, quality control, waste disposal, and the military. Pathogenic infections are the third leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective diagnostic tools to control food, water, and soil contamination result in protecting human life and health. Aptamers are peptide or oligonucleotide‐based molecules that show very high affinity to their targets that are produced from large pools of random amino acid or oligonucleotide sequences. Generally, aptamers have been utilized for fundamental sciences and clinical implementations for their target‐specific affinity and have been intensely exploited for different kinds of biosensor applications for approximately 30 years. The convergence of aptamers with biosensor systems enabled the construction of voltammetric, amperometric, and impedimetric biosensors for the detection of specific pathogens. In this review, electrochemical aptamer biosensors were evaluated by discussing the definition, types, and production techniques of aptamers, the advantages of aptamers as a biological recognition element against their alternatives, and a wide range of aptasensor examples from literature in the detection of specific pathogens.
Rare‐Earth Doped Configurational Entropy Stabilized High Entropy Spinel Oxide as an Efficient Anchoring/Catalyst Functional Interlayer for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Battery
Authors: Chatterjee Arindam , Ganguly Dipsikha , Sundara Ramaprabhu , Bhattacharya Subramshu S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries (LSBs) are one of the most promising and potential modern‐day energy storage devices due to the low‐cost sulfur‐based cathode and remarkably high energy density (∼2600 Wh kg−1). However, the detrimental shuttle effect of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) and the sluggish electrochemical redox kinetics of lithium sulfide (Li2S) formation restrict its commercial viability. Herein, we design a novel transition metal‐rare earth high entropy oxide (TM‐RE HEO) Co0.08Mn0.08Ni0.08Fe1.96Mg0.08Nd0.01Gd0.01Sm0.01Pr0.01O4 as a polysulfide adsorbent and catalyst for the redox reactions of sulfur species in Li−S battery. TM‐RE HEO interlayer exhibits an excellent discharge capacity of 1146 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C rate, high rate capability, and reasonable long‐term cycling stability at 0.5 C rate with a low capacity decay of 0.08 % per cycle after 300 cycles. High degree of chemical confinement of soluble polysulfides, as demonstrated by the strong bonding between TM‐RE HEO and Li2S6, and expedited catalytic conversion to insoluble Li2S, result from strong polar catalytically active multiple metal sites and abundant oxygen vacancies. This work demonstrates the potential of high entropy oxide in developing high‐efficiency LSB technology.
CHOmpact: A reduced metabolic model of Chinese hamster ovary cells with enhanced interpretability
Authors: Jiménez del Val Ioscani , Kyriakopoulos Sarantos , Albrecht Simone , Stockmann Henning , Rudd Pauline M. , Polizzi Karen M. , Kontoravdi Cleo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetabolic modeling has emerged as a key tool for the characterization of biopharmaceutical cell culture processes. Metabolic models have also been instrumental in identifying genetic engineering targets and developing feeding strategies that optimize the growth and productivity of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Despite their success, metabolic models of CHO cells still present considerable challenges. Genome‐scale metabolic models (GeMs) of CHO cells are very large (>6000 reactions) and are difficult to constrain to yield physiologically consistent flux distributions. The large scale of GeMs also makes the interpretation of their outputs difficult. To address these challenges, we have developed CHOmpact, a reduced metabolic network that encompasses 101 metabolites linked through 144 reactions. Our compact reaction network allows us to deploy robust, nonlinear optimization and ensure that the computed flux distributions are physiologically consistent. Furthermore, our CHOmpact model delivers enhanced interpretability of simulation results and has allowed us to identify the mechanisms governing shifts in the anaplerotic consumption of asparagine and glutamate as well as an important mechanism of ammonia detoxification within mitochondria. CHOmpact, thus, addresses key challenges of large‐scale metabolic models and will serve as a platform to develop dynamic metabolic models for the control and optimization of biopharmaceutical cell culture processes.
Longitudinal study of gut microbiome in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Chen Long Long , Abbaspour Afrouz , Aspvall Kristina , Rück Christian , Bulik Cynthia M. , Pascal Diana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) often have limited exposure to a diverse environment and perform repetitive compulsions such as excessive cleaning and washing, which could lead to altered gut microbiome. Therefore, longitudinal studies that investigate changes in gut microbiome before and after cognitive behavioral therapy based on exposure and response prevention (ERP) are warranted.MethodsAll study participants (N = 64) underwent a structured psychiatric diagnostic interview prior to inclusion. Nutritional intake was assessed with a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire. Stool samples were collected from OCD patients before ERP (n = 32) and 1 month after completion of ERP (n = 15), as well as from healthy controls (HCs; n = 32). Taxonomic and functional analyses were performed using data from microbiome whole genome sequencing.ResultsPatients with OCD at baseline reported consuming significantly less fiber than HCs (R2 = .12, F(2, 59) = 5.2, p ≤ .01). There were no significant differences in α‐ and β‐diversity indices, or taxonomic dissimilarities at the species level between patients with OCD and HCs, or within patients before and after ERP. Functional profiling based on gut microbial gene expression was grouped into 56 gut–brain modules with neuroactive potential. None of the gut–brain modules differed significantly in expression between patients with OCD at baseline and HCs or within patients before and after ERP.ConclusionsThe diversity, composition, and functional profile of the gut microbiome in patients with OCD did not differ significantly from HCs and remained stable over time, despite behavioral changes.
Failure analysis of lead‐acid batteries at extreme operating temperatures
Authors: Prasad Umesh , Prakash Jyoti , Kannan Arunachala Nadar M. , Kamavaram Venkat , Arumugam Ganesh K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe lead‐acid battery system is designed to perform optimally at ambient temperature (25°C) in terms of capacity and cyclability. However, varying climate zones enforce harsher conditions on automotive lead‐acid batteries. Hence, they aged faster and showed lower performance when operated at extremity of the optimum ambient conditions. In this work, a systematic study was conducted to analyze the effect of varying temperatures (−10°C, 0°C, 25°C, and 40°C) on the sealed lead acid. Enersys® Cyclon (2 V, 5 Ah) cells were cycled at C/10 rate using a battery testing system. Environmental aging results in shorter cycle life due to the degradation of electrode and grid materials at higher temperatures (25°C and 40°C), while at lower temperatures (−10°C and 0°C), negligible degradation was observed due to slower kinetics and reduced available capacity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis were used to evaluate the degradation mechanism and chemical and morphological changes.
Reactive Mass Transfer around Isolated Bubbles Rising in a Thin‐Gap Cell
Authors: Laurini Larissa , Béteille Arthur , Fink Gerhard , Herres-Pawlis Sonja , Loubière Karine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe reactive mass transfer around isolated bubbles of pure oxygen rising in a thin‐gap cell filled with acetonitrile at rest is investigated. A colorimetric technique based on the bio‐inspired copper(I) complex [Cu(TMG2tol)]OTf is used. The gap‐ and time‐averaged dissolved oxygen concentration fields can be measured in the far‐wake of the bubbles with 3 < d < 47 mm. The variations of the Sherwood numbers with the Péclet numbers indicate that the mass transfer results obtained are identical with the ones measured earlier with the copper(I) complex [Cu(btmgp)I]. This demonstrates the independency of mass transfer from the properties of the chemical system used. The results significantly enlarge the existing database, which is of great importance to establish robust scaling laws.
Operating Behavior of Pulse Jet‐Cleaned Filters Regarding Energy Demand and Particle Emissions – Part 1: Experimental Parameter Study
Authors: Bächler Peter , Meyer Jörg , Dittler Achim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFilter operation of a pilot‐scale baghouse filter was evaluated under energy and particle emission criteria. Evaluation of the required total power for filter operation takes into account the fan power as well as the consumption of pressurized air. Filter face velocity, raw‐gas concentration, and tank pressure for regeneration were varied for several cycle time settings to identify the minimum power. Cycle times shorter than at minimum power are not feasible due to increased dust emissions and no additional energetic benefit. Cycle times longer than at minimum power may lower the dust emissions at the cost of increased power consumption. Lowering filter face velocity can greatly lower the power consumption of baghouse filters, having implications on filter layout.
Chemodivergent Tandem Radical Cyclization of Alkene‐Substituted Quinazolinones: Rapid Access to Mono‐ and Di‐Alkylated Ring‐Fused Quinazolinones
Authors: Wu Hong‐Li , Zhang Wei‐Kang , Zhang Can‐Can , Wang Ling‐Tao , Yang Wen‐Hui , Tian Wen‐Chan , Ge Guo‐Ping , Xie Long‐Yong , Yi Rongnan , Wei Wen‐Ting 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChemodivergent tandem radical cyclization offers exciting possibilities for the synthesis of structurally diverse cyclic compounds. Herein, we revealed a chemodivergent tandem cyclization of alkene‐substituted quinazolinones under metal‐ and base‐free conditions, this transformation is initiated by alkyl radicals produced from oxidant‐induced α‐C(sp3)−H functionalization of alkyl nitriles or esters. The reaction resulted in the selective synthesis of a series of mono‐ and di‐alkylated ring‐fused quinazolinones by modulating the loading of oxidant, reaction temperature, and reaction time. Mechanistic investigations show that the mono‐alkylated ring‐fused quinazolinones is constructed by the key process of 1,2‐hydrogen shift, whereas the di‐alkylated ring‐fused quinazolinones is mainly achieved through crucial steps of resonance and proton transfer. This protocol is the first example of remote second alkylation on the aromatic ring via α‐C(sp3)−H functionalization and difunctionalization achieved by association of two unsaturated bonds in radical cyclization.
Chiral Diketopyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,2,3‐1H‐triazole Dyes with Highly Tuneable Properties in Solution and Thin Films
Authors: Albano Gianluigi , Zinna Francesco , Taddeucci Andrea , Capozzi Maria Annunziata M. , Pescitelli Gennaro , Punzi Angela , Di Bari Lorenzo , Farinola Gianluca M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the research groups of Lorenzo Di Bari at the University of Pisa and Gianluca Maria Farinola at the University of Bari Aldo Moro. The image depicts three diketopyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole–1,2,3‐1H‐triazole dyes with the same chiral appendage R* but different achiral substituent groups Y showing profoundly different features in their aggregated form. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202300291.
Acidic CO2 Electrolysis Addressing the “Alkalinity Issue” and Achieving High CO2 Utilization
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhou Jinlei , Luo Ting , Lu Ji‐Qing , Li Zhengquan , Weng Xuexiang , Yang Fa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides a promising approach for sustainable chemical fuel production of carbon neutrality. Neutral and alkaline electrolytes are predominantly employed in the current electrolysis system, but with striking drawbacks of (bi)carbonate (CO32−/HCO3−) formation and crossover due to the rapid and thermodynamically favourable reaction between hydroxide (OH−) with CO2, resulting in low carbon utilization efficiency and short‐lived catalysis. Very recently, CO2RR in acidic media can effectively address the (bi)carbonate issue; however, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is more kinetically favourable in acidic electrolytes, which dramatically reduces CO2 conversion efficiency. Thus, it is a big challenge to effectively suppress HER and accelerate acidic CO2RR. In this review, we begin by summarizing the recent progress of acidic CO2 electrolysis, discussing the key factors limiting the application of acidic electrolytes. We then systematically discuss addressing strategies for acidic CO2 electrolysis, including electrolyte microenvironment modulation, alkali cations adjusting, surface/interface functionalization, nanoconfinement structural design, and novel electrolyzer exploitation. Finally, the new challenges and perspectives of acidic CO2 electrolysis are suggested. We believe this timely review can arouse researchers′ attention to CO2 crossover, inspire new insights to solve the “alkalinity problem” and enable CO2RR as a more sustainable technology.
Regioselective Iridium‐Catalyzed C8‐H Borylation of 4‐Quinolones via Transient O‐Borylated Quinolines
Authors: Al Mamari Hamad H. , Borel Julie , Hickey Aobha , Courtney Eimear , Merz Julia , Zhang Xiaolei , Friedrich Alexandra , Marder Todd B. , McGlacken Gerard P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe quinolone–quinoline tautomerization is harnessed to effect the regioselective C8‐borylation of biologically important 4‐quinolones by using [Ir(OMe)(cod)]2 as the catalyst precursor, the silica‐supported monodentate phosphine Si‐SMAP as the ligand, and B2pin2 as the boron source. Initially, O‐borylation of the quinoline tautomer takes place. Critically, the newly formed 4‐(pinBO)‐quinolines then undergo N‐directed selective Ir‐catalyzed borylation at C8. Hydrolysis of the OBpin moiety on workup returns the system to the quinolone tautomer. The C8‐borylated quinolines were converted to their corresponding potassium trifluoroborate (BF3K) salts and to their C8‐chlorinated quinolone derivatives. The two‐step C‐H borylation‐chlorination reaction sequence resulted in various C8‐Cl quinolones in good yields. Conversion to C8‐OH‐, C8‐NH2‐, and C8‐Ar‐substituted quinolones was also feasible by using this methodology.
Acidic Properties of Known and New COOH‐Functionalized M(IV) Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Poschmann Mirjam Patricia Margarete , Lillerud Karl Petter , Stock Norbert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein, we report two new COOH‐functionalized metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) of composition [M6O4(OH)6(PMA)2(H2PMA)]×H2O, M=Zr, Hf), denoted CAU‐61, synthesized by using pyromellitic acid (H4PMA), a tetracarboxylic acid, as the linker and acetic acid as the solvent. The structure was determined from powder X‐ray diffraction data and one‐dimensional inorganic building units are connected through tetracarboxylate as well as dicarboxylate linker molecules, resulting in highly stable microporous framework structures with limiting and maximum pore diameter of ∼3.6 and ∼5.0 Å, respectively, lined with −COOH groups. Thermal stabilities of up to 400 °C in air, chemical stability in water at pH 1 to 12 and water uptake of 17 mol/mol prompted us to study the proton exchange of the μ2‐OH, μ3‐OH of the IBU and −COOH groups of the linker by titration with LiOH. Comparison of the pKa values with three UiO‐66 derivatives confirms distinct pKa value ranges and trends for the different acidic protons. Furthermore, the preparation of Zr−CAU‐61 membranes and first results on permeation of dyes and ions in aqueous solutions are presented.
Association between the beta‐blockers, calcium channel blockers, all‐cause mortality and length of hospitalization in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wu Mingming , Ni Dan , Huang Lin‐ling , Qiu Shengjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo establish an association between beta‐blockers (BBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), all‐cause mortality, and hospitalization in patients with Heart failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF).MethodsThe present meta‐analysis has been performed as per the guidelines of (PRISMA). An inclusive literature search was made without any limitations on language using the electronic databases Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed up to November 2022. The outcomes evaluated in this meta‐analysis involved all‐cause mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure. The number of patients with HFpEF and their positive outcomes was extracted and analyzed using RevMan software.ResultsIn total, 10 articles were included in the present meta‐analysis, with a pooled sample size of 12 940 HFpEF patients. In comparison with placebo, both BB and CCB substantially reduced the risk of all‐cause mortality and hospitalization. However, BB are more effective because they provide a significant reduction in all‐cause mortality (risk ratio (RR) = 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.43–0.83; p = .002] and hospitalization (RR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.37–0.80; p = .002) as compared with CCB with a risk ratio of all‐cause mortality (RR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.60–0.98; p = .03) and hospitalization (RR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.44–0.90; p < .00001). A random‐effects model was used because of high heterogeneity between the studies (I2 > 70%).ConclusionsThe current meta‐analysis suggests that BBs were more beneficial than CCB in reducing all‐cause mortality and hospitalization duration in patients with HFpEF.
Homogeneous Gold Catalysis for Regioselective Carbocyclization of Alkynyl Precursors
Authors: Praveen Chandrasekar , Szafert Sławomir 
Published: June 2023

Abstractπ‐Activation of alkynyl precursors possessing an endogenous carbon nucleophile is one of the imperative topics in homogeneous gold catalysis as it offers Csp3‐Csp2 and Csp2‐Csp2 linked carbocycles. However, the exo‐dig and endo‐dig cyclization modes unlocks the possibility of both small and large rings respectively, thereby losing regioselectivity. Nevertheless, several gold‐catalyzed carbocyclizations which permits one isomer by controlling or avoiding the formation of other went largely unnoticed. Hence, this review is an attempt to summarize such approaches reported from early 2000’s to till date along with our viewpoint on contributing parameters for regioselectivity. This review covers only unimolecular reactions with classifications primarily based on the type of endogenous nucleophiles such as silyloxyenols, enamides/enamines, benzenoids, heteroaromatics and alkyls/alkenyls. From an application perspective, these reactions are significant in total synthesis and materials science. Therefore, those reactions that finds application in natural product synthesis and π‐functional materials are highlighted in appropriate places.
Organic Thermoelectric Materials from n‐Type Polymer Semiconductors
Authors: Li Mingwei , Shi Yongqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOrganic thermoelectric (OTE) materials have garnered increasing attention due to their potential application in wearable/flexible TE generator for energy harvesting. To meet the practical application of thermoelectric device, high‐performance p‐ and n‐type OTE materials are both necessary. In the past few years, improved n‐type polymer semiconductors have developed rapidly in the OTE field; however, their thermoelectric performance is still lagging behind p‐type counterparts. Therefore, more efforts should be made to enhance n‐type polymer TE performance, including development of novel molecule structure, synthesis of new dopants and optimization of device engineering. In this Review, we highlight the effects of molecular structure and side chain length and polarity of n‐type polymer semiconductors on the TE performance such as electron transport, electrical conductivity, and power factor. Finally, further perspectives and challenges are also discussed to provide useful guidelines for the design of high‐performance n‐type OTE materials.
A Peculiar Photo‐Induced Transformation Exalted in Nanometric Size CoFe Prussian Blue Analogs
Authors: Balthazar Grégory , Bordage Amélie , Fornasieri Giulia , Altenschmidt Laura , Zitolo Andrea , Bleuzen Anne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe discovery of a photomagnetic effect in a CoFe Prussian blue analog (PBA) has triggered a growing interest for photo‐switchable bimetallic cyanide‐bridged systems. Nevertheless, in between cyanide‐bridged extended coordination polymers and discrete molecules, the photo‐switching phenomena are much less well known in nano‐sized materials. A photo‐induced transformation, specific to the nanometric size, is evidenced by magnetometry and by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy at the Co and Fe K‐edges in an alkali cation free Prussian blue analog. The nanoparticles before irradiation can be described as having a core‐shell structure, the core being made of the well‐known fcc‐CoII(HS)FeIII structure of CoFe PBAs while the shell contains CoII ions in octahedral geometry and significantly distorted Fe(CN)6 entities. Irradiation induces a change of the local structures around the transition metal ions, which remain in the same oxidation state, with different behaviors of the Co and Fe sub‐lattices.