bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algal blooms as a reactive dynamic response to seasonal perturbation in an experimental system
Authors: Fryxell John M. , Betini Gustavo S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlgal blooms are typical of many aquatic freshwater ecosystems in seasonal environments. Such blooms could derive from transient reactive dynamics of algae and limiting nutrients following seasonal perturbation events. Linking parameter estimates derived from previously published lab experiments with empirical estimates of algal density dependence, we modeled dynamic interactions between nutrients and the green algal species Chlorella vulgaris and tested model predictions in a dozen 140 L mesocosms supplied with bi-weekly inputs of liquid fertilizer. Consistent with the reactive nutrient-driven model, Chlorella populations exhibited an initial surge in abundance over the first month followed by collapse as they rapidly converged on stable equilibria. The reactive model suggests that the magnitude of transient blooms is positively related to the augmentation of nutrients and depression of algae over the winter period. The magnitude of both algal peaks and equilibrium abundance was positively related to fertilizer loading, as predicted by the reactive model. Our results suggest that transient reactive responses to climate-driven perturbation events can be an important contributor to seasonal algal blooms observed in many temperate freshwater ecosystems. Controlled experimental studies such as ours may be helpful in understanding and potentially mediating the impact of fertilizer run-off on freshwater systems in temperate agricultural landscapes.
Exit or Voice? Corruption Perceptions and Emigration
Authors: Helms Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExisting research suggests that people concerned about corruption use elections to punish corrupt incumbents. I argue that when people grow concerned with corruption, they may turn to exit rather than voice, using emigration to escape corruption. Highly educated citizens in particular, who are most informed about corruption and hold valuable human capital, likely see exit as attractive in the face of persistent corruption. Using a wealth of micro-level data on potential emigration, I show that when people perceive widespread corruption, they are more likely to have taken concrete steps to emigrate. Advanced degree holders are much more likely to have prepared to emigrate in response to corruption. I also show that corruption-concerned potential emigrants choose less corrupt destination countries and are less likely to have faith, and participate, in electoral institutions. My argument and findings hold implications for the corruption literature and generate new questions about the relationship between emigration and accountability.
Exacerbating Pre-Existing Vulnerabilities: an Analysis of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Human Trafficking in Sudan
Authors: Lumley-Sapanski Audrey , Schwarz Katarina , Cano Ana Valverde , Babiker Mohammed Abdelsalam , Crowther Maddy , Death Emily , Ditcham Keith , Eltayeb Abdal Rahman , Jones Michael Emile Knyaston , Miley Sonja , Mir Maria Peiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 has caused far-reaching humanitarian challenges. Amongst the emerging impacts of the pandemic is on the dynamics of human trafficking. This paper presents findings from a multi-methods study interrogating the impacts of COVID-19 on human trafficking in Sudan—a critical source, destination, and transit country. The analysis combines a systematic evidence review, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group with survivors, conducted between January and May of 2021. We find key risks have been exacerbated, and simultaneously, critical infrastructure for identifying victims, providing support, and ensuring accountability of perpetrators has been impeded. Centrally, the co-occurrence of the pandemic and the democratic transition undercut the institutional and governance capacity, limiting the anti-trafficking response and exposing already vulnerable groups to increased risks of human trafficking. Findings point to increased vulnerabilities for individuals with one or more of the following identities: migrants, refugees, females, and informal labourers.
The application of artificial intelligence technology in education influences Chinese adolescent’s emotional perception
Authors: Lai Tinghong , Zeng Xianqin , Xu Bin , Xie Chuyin , Liu Yanxiu , Wang Zheng , Lu Hong , Fu Shimin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHumans need to accurately infer the intentions and feelings of others to engage in successful social interaction. However, the application of artificial intelligence technology in Education (AIEd) forms a human–machine collaborative environment which changed the interaction relationship of individuals, it may have an affect on them. This study aimed to explore whether AIEd affects adolescents’ emotional perception. Combined with the actual teaching situation and the result of the questionnaire, 1332 students recruited through random sampling from AI Curriculum Reform Demonstration Schools in Guangzhou participated in this study. Different emotional priming stimulative materials (sentences and situational pictures) were used in the experiments. The task was designed to investigate adolescents’ reaction time to emotional faces (positive, negative). After eliminating blank data and invalid data with response time greater than 150 ms, 977 and 962 valid data were included in the statistical analysis in experiment 1 and experiment 2 respectively. Results show that AIEd has a negative effect on adolescents’ emotional perception. Prior research has focused on theory to the exclusion of practical applications and the psychological impact of AIEd, thus this study makes an innovative contribution in exploring the impact of the application of artificial intelligence technology in education on adolescents’ physical and mental development by using empirical research methods.
A Zoo of Dualities
Authors: Artstein-Avidan S. , Sadovsky S. , Wyczesany K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this note we study order reversing quasi involutions and their properties. These maps are dualities (order reversing involutions) on their image. We prove that any order reversing quasi involution is induced by a cost. Invariant sets of order reversing quasi involutions are of special interest and we provide several results regarding their existence and uniqueness. We determine when an order reversing quasi involution on a sub-class can be extended to the whole space and discuss the uniqueness of such an extension. We also provide several ways for constructing new order reversing quasi involutions from given ones. In particular, we define the dual of an order-reversing quasi-involution. Finally, throughout the paper we exhibit a “zoo” of illustrative examples. Some of them are classical, some have recently attracted attention of the convexity community and some are new. We study in depth the new example of dual polarity and obtain a Blaschke-Santaló type inequality for a corresponding Gaussian volume product. The unified point of view on order reversing quasi involutions presented in this paper gives a deeper understanding of the underlying principles and structures, offering a new and exciting perspective on the topic, exposing many new research directions.
Rapidly Changing Range Limits in a Warming World: Critical Data Limitations and Knowledge Gaps for Advancing Understanding of Mangrove Range Dynamics in the Southeastern USA
Authors: Bardou Rémi , Osland Michael J. , Scyphers Steven , Shepard Christine , Aerni Karen E. , Alemu I Jahson B. , Crimian Robert , Day Richard H. , Enwright Nicholas M. , Feher Laura C. , Gibbs Sarah L. , O’Donnell Kiera , Swinea Savannah H. , Thorne Kalaina , Truskey Sarit , Armitage Anna R. , Baker Ronald , Breithaupt Josh L. , Cavanaugh Kyle C. , Cebrian Just , Cummins Karen , Devlin Donna J. , Doty Jacob , Ellis William L. , Feller Ilka C. , Gabler Christopher A. , Kang Yiyang , Kaplan David A. , Kennedy John Paul , Krauss Ken W. , Lamont Margaret M. , Liu Kam-biu , Martinez Melinda , Matheny Ashley M. , McClenachan Giovanna M. , McKee Karen L. , Mendelssohn Irving A. , Michot Thomas C. , Miller Christopher J. , Moon Jena A. , Moyer Ryan P. , Nelson James , O’Connor Richard , Pahl James W. , Pitchford Jonathan L. , Proffitt C. Edward , Quirk Tracy , Radabaugh Kara R. , Scheffel Whitney A. , Smee Delbert L. , Snyder Caitlin M. , Sparks Eric , Swanson Kathleen M. , Vervaeke William C. , Weaver Carolyn A. , Willis Jonathan , Yando Erik S. , Yao Qiang , Hughes A. Randall 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClimate change is altering species’ range limits and transforming ecosystems. For example, warming temperatures are leading to the range expansion of tropical, cold-sensitive species at the expense of their cold-tolerant counterparts. In some temperate and subtropical coastal wetlands, warming winters are enabling mangrove forest encroachment into salt marsh, which is a major regime shift that has significant ecological and societal ramifications. Here, we synthesized existing data and expert knowledge to assess the distribution of mangroves near rapidly changing range limits in the southeastern USA. We used expert elicitation to identify data limitations and highlight knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of past, current, and future range dynamics. Mangroves near poleward range limits are often shorter, wider, and more shrublike compared to their tropical counterparts that grow as tall forests in freeze-free, resource-rich environments. The northern range limits of mangroves in the southeastern USA are particularly dynamic and climate sensitive due to abundance of suitable coastal wetland habitat and the exposure of mangroves to winter temperature extremes that are much colder than comparable range limits on other continents. Thus, there is need for methodological refinements and improved spatiotemporal data regarding changes in mangrove structure and abundance near northern range limits in the southeastern USA. Advancing understanding of rapidly changing range limits is critical for foundation plant species such as mangroves, as it provides a basis for anticipating and preparing for the cascading effects of climate-induced species redistribution on ecosystems and the human communities that depend on their ecosystem services.
Progression of the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Breast Reconstruction Technique at a Dedicated New Zealand Tertiary Plastic Surgery Unit: a Case Series Analysis
Authors: Law Stacey , Moazzam Amber 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is the gold standard in post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. Improved patient outcomes, reduced operating time and reduced complication rates are reportedly observed over consecutive DIEP series within surgical centres. The aim of this study is to investigate whether outcomes following DIEP flap reconstruction improve over time, by assessing two patient cohorts undergoing the procedure at a microsurgical unit seven years apart. A case analysis was undertaken to identify all patients who underwent primary DIEP flap reconstruction in 2011 and 2018. Outcomes recorded included clinic appointments, operating time, number of primary operations, additional operations and procedures, along with co-morbidities, BMI and radiotherapy rates. Immediate versus delayed and unilateral versus bilateral breast reconstruction was also recorded. Seven patients underwent primary DIEP reconstruction in 2011 and 29 in 2018. There was a significant reduction in additional operations performed in 2018 (p-value = 0.007) and a significant reduction in number of procedures (p-value = 0.043). When adjusted for an outlier, the total operating time for unilateral DIEP reconstruction was significantly shorter in 2018 (p-value = 0.018), along with reduced primary and total operating time for 2018 bilateral reconstructions. The 2018 cohort also had lower complication rates and fewer clinic appointments. This study illustrates how outcomes can improve with experience of DIEP flap reconstruction. The more complex DIEP flap requires investment in terms of skill acquisition and operative time, but is balanced by improvement in patient outcomes.
Perceptions towards pronatalist policies in Singapore
Authors: Tan Jolene 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFertility rates have been declining in most high-income countries. Singapore is at the forefront of developing pronatalist policies to increase birth rates. This study examines perceptions towards pronatalist policies among men and women in Singapore and compares which policies are perceived as the most important contributors to the conduciveness for childbearing. Using data from the Singapore Perceptions of the Marriage and Parenthood Package study (N = 2000), the results from dominance analysis highlight two important findings. First, paternity leave, shared parental leave, and the Baby Bonus are the top three contributors to the conduciveness to have children. Second, the combined positive effect of financial incentives and work–life policies is perceived to be favorable to fertility. The findings suggest that low-fertility countries may wish to consider adopting this basket of policies as they are like to be regarded as supportive of childbearing. Although previous research suggests that pronatalist policies may only have a modest effect on fertility, the findings raise further questions as to whether fertility may decline even further in the absence of these policies.
Multidisciplinary Analysis to Interpret the Palaeoclimate and Depositional Environment of the Late Paleozoic Post-glacial Sediments from Wardha Basin, Maharashtra, Central India
Authors: Pauline Sabina Kavali , di Pasquo Mercedes , Kushwaha Shobhit Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A multidisciplinary analysis has been applied to subsurface samples from borehole MAWP 114, Wardha basin, Maharashtra State, central India, in order to characterize the palaeoclimatic and local depositional conditions during the deposition of the Permo-Carboniferous Talchir Formation. Based on palynology, palynofacies, TOC (Total organic carbon) and δ13C analyses five types of palaeoclimatic phases and local depositional conditions have been envisaged within the studied sequence. In palynofacies type I (P-I), the dominance of AOM and scarce palynomorphs of upland xerophytic affinity (represented by primitive conifers such as Potonieisporites) suggests deposition during the earliest phase of a glacial retreat in distal anoxic conditions. In P-II dominance of AOM with moderate increase in palynomorphs and phytoclasts suggests amelioration in climate and deposition during a mid interglacial phase under dysoxic to suboxic conditions. In P-III, increase in palynomorphs and phytoclasts and decrease in AOM suggests deposition in a median distal to proximal setting under warm temperate conditions during late interglacial phase. P-I to P-III have been demarcated in a shale sequence. P-IV is demarcated in the overlying sandstone-shale intercalation, characterized by predominance of non-opaque phytoclasts of the pitted and banded type, subdominance of spore and pollen and low frequency of AOM and suggests deposition in proximal oxic conditions during final deglacial phase under high energy settings. P-V recognized in sandstones, comprising of dominance of terrestrial AOM and scarce palynomorphs and phytoclasts suggests deposition in post glacial fluvial, under anoxic to dysoxic setting. These climatic shifts are also supported by geochemical results from TOC (0.3%-2.2%) and δ13C (-24.9‰ to -21.4‰) analyses, as both reflect palaeo-atmospheric fluctuations in accordance with direct impact of glaciation and deglaciation episodes on biotic communities along the studied interval.
Micro-watershed Planning using Prioritisation Approach Integrated with Geospatial Techniques and Compromise Programming: A Case Study of Bacchanshiv Gad (Alaknanda River), India
Authors: Kumar Atul , Chauhan Neha , Kumar Sonu , Patel Upendra Bhai , Pramanik Malay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A micro-watershed is the smallest hydrological unit with a unique type of common-pool resource, defined by hydrological linkages and requiring coordinated use of natural resources by all users for optimal management. However, the watersheds in the central Himalayan region are particularly vulnerable to land degradation since they are subject to various fluvial and denudation processes. As a result, the present study focused on the Bacchanshiv Gad watershed in the subtropical zone, where soil erosion is more prevalent due to various hydro-geomorphological causes. The analysis considered fourteen different areal, linear, shape, and landscape morphometric parameters by integrating spatial and compromise statistical programming techniques to prioritize 8 micro-watersheds. Moreover, the study gives comprehensive insight about the current land use land cover spatial distribution, lithological and pedan characteristics of the watershed that play a significant role in taking appropriate land and water conservation measures to prevent further soil degradation.
Petrogenesis and Evolution of Tharad Coals of Cambay Basin, Gujarat (Western India): An Insight
Authors: Ojha Sanjay , Singh Prakash K. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The present paper discusses the evolution of the coal bearing sequences of Tharad Formation of Cambay Basin (Gujarat) based on coal petrological and organic geochemical signatures. Cambay Basin is a craton margin rift basin of Late Cretaceous age which is narrow and elongated. This north-south trending graben hosts huge sub-surface lignite/coal deposits of Early to Middle Eocene age. These coals have been petrographically and geochemically characterized to understand the type of flora, coal facies, depositional environment and coalification. Thickening of seams with depth is towards central part. Vitrinite rich Cambay Basin coals contain a considerable amount of liptinite indicating their derivation from the forest type of vegetation that grew under humid tropical climate while its high resin content indicates growth of conifers and gum-producing plants. High collodetrinite relates to soft woody tissues from herbaceous/bushy plant sources. Abundance of bioclasts in the western flank of the Sanchore low occur in stack indicating poor transportation and abrupt drop in bathymetry under tidal flat environment. The palynofloral assemblages indicate tidal deposition. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) studies indicate low amount of oleanane suggesting a terrestrial source. The microlithotypes suggest limnic and telmatic mixed environment with typical forest floral input with intermittently changing water table conditions. The maceral composition of the coals indicates terrestrial origin having high tree-density. Marine influence caused influx of calcium rich water promoting decomposition of organic matter due to high bacterial activity and high pH values with depth. The ground water flow index (GWI) values indicate ombrotrophic hydrological condition while the vegetation index (VI) values support herbaceous plants. The swamp, therefore, suffered oxic and anoxic condition alternatingly with influence of reed marshes favouring the growth of anaerobic bacteria in high bathymetric region. The depth of burial of coal seams in Sanchore is extrapolated to be 1350-1800m with a temperature range of 40-80°C.
Alginates as Green Flocculants for Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Slabov Vladislav , Jain Garima , Chernyshova Irina , Kota Hanumantha Rao , Ertesvåg Helga 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFlocculation is used for the removal or separation of colloids, e.g. in water treatment and mineral processing. Alginates are linear, anionic biopolymers composed of mannuronic (M) and guluronic (G) acids. The relative amount and distribution of M and G impact the ion-binding and gel-forming properties of the polymer, but still no one has yet addressed the impact of alginate composition on flocculation of nanoparticles or mineral particles. Our results showed that the distribution of G was important for flocculation, especially when Ca2+ was used as activating ion. With Ce3+ as activating ion, the shape and size of flocs were affected by alginate acetylation. This work expands the knowledge about the flocculation behavior of alginates and demonstrates that both bacteria- and algae-derived alginates can be potential biodegradable flocculants of ultrafine particles for mineral processing industry.
Targeting EFNA1 suppresses tumor progression via the cMYC-modulated cell cycle and autophagy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Houxiang , Wang Shaoxiang , Liu Ying , Zheng Chaopan , Chen Lipeng , Zheng Kai , Xu Zhenyu , Dai Yong , Jin Hongtao , Cheng Zhiqiang , Zou Chang , Fu Li , Liu Kaisheng , Ma Xiaoshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains one of the most common causes of cancer death due to the lack of effective therapeutic options. New targets and the targeted drugs are required to be identified and developed.

Methods
Highly expressed genes in ESCA were identified using the edgeR package from public datasets. Immunostaining assay verified the high expression level of EFNA1 in ESCC. CCK-8, colony formation and wound healing assays were performed to examine the role of EFNA1 and EPHA2 in ESCC progression. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry and autophagy activation was determined by autophagolysosome formation using transmission electron microscopy. The small molecule targeting to EFNA1 was identified by molecular docking and the anti-tumor effects were verified by in vitro and in vivo models with radiation treatment.

Results
EFNA1 was highly expressed in esophageal cancer and significantly associated with poor prognosis. Downregulation of EFNA1 remarkably inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, decreased EFNA1 significantly suppressed the expression of cMYC along with its representative downstream genes involved in cell cycle, and activated autophagy. Similar effects on ESCC progression were obtained from knockdown of the corresponding receptor, EPHA2. The potential small molecule targeting to EFNA1, salvianolic acid A (SAA), could significantly suppress ESCC progression and increase the sensitivity to radiotherapy.

Conclusion
We revealed that EFNA1 facilitated the ESCC progression via the possible mechanism of activating cMYC-modulated cell proliferation and suppressing autophagy, and identified SAA as a potential drug targeting EFNA1, providing new options for the future treatments for ESCC patients.
Mobile care app development process: using the ADDIE model to manage symptoms after breast cancer surgery (step 1)
Authors: Aydin Aydanur , Gürsoy Ayla , Karal Hasan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of mobile applications is widespread in patient monitoring or education today. This study aims to describe the design and development process of a mobile app that supports patient self-care after breast cancer surgery. We used the ADDIE model to develop and test the mobile app. ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) is a systematic approach based on a standard instructional design model for creating training materials. The model consists of five phases, each with its own set of steps. Once the steps within each phase are completed, the model progresses to the next phase, ultimately resulting in a “usable” product. Different team collaborations were established within each phase, and support was obtained from multiple experts during the design process. Thanks to this model, the information that patients need was transformed into a technological product. This article, which explains the stages of the product design process for mobile applications, provides information that may be helpful to researchers working on similar products.