bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postural stability in patients with Parkinson’s disease versus patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hamada Soha M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Postural control is defined as the control of body’s position in space for balance purpose. Postural control in static conditions is known as postural steadiness, whereas in the dynamic volitional perturbations, it is noted as postural stability. Postural stability can be affected owing to central or peripheral lesions; one of the central lesions with postural instability is Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, peripheral neuropathies that affect stability are one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus.

Aim
The aim was to assess postural stability in patients with PD and those with type 2 diabetes as examples of central and peripheral lesions, respectively, and to compare the results with the findings obtained from the normal control group.

Patients and Methods
The patient group in the study was divided into two subgroups: subgroup 1 consisted of 15 patients diagnosed as having PD and subgroup 2 included 15 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Control group consisted of 15 normal age-matched participants. Postural assessment was performed using computerized dynamic posturography. This included the automatic motor assessments tests, including motor control test and adaptation test, and functional limitation tests such as tandem walk.

Results
This research showed that there is a statistically significant difference between control group and subgroup with PD in all tested parameters. A statistically significant difference was found between control group and subgroup with diabetes in all parameters of adaptation test and speed test. Moreover, there is a statistically significant difference between the two subgroups in most of tested parameters, with the highest value in PD group.

Conclusion
The findings reflect that postural stability is more affected with central lesion than peripheral lesion.
Bamboo nodes — two cases with literature review
Authors: Hakimi Haziq , Azman Mawaddah , Sani Abdullah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBamboo nodes are benign lesions of the true vocal cords related to autoimmune diseases. The endoscopic characteristics of these lesions led to their name. These lesions are located within the lamina propria of the true vocal cords, disrupting the normal oscillation during phonation, which results in dysphonia. We present two female patients with distinctive presentation: the first is a patient with known autoimmune disease, and the second, undiagnosed. We find that videostroboscopy is the most useful tool to diagnose bamboo nodes. Surgery with postoperative intralesional steroid injection was performed in the first patient, showing promising voice outcome.
The role of rigid bronchoscopy in pediatric foreign body aspiration
Authors: Zahran Mohamed , Youssef Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionForeign bodies (FBs) in the airway continue to be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. In the present study, we present our experience in the evaluation and management of children with suspected FB aspiration.AimThe aim was to study children with suspected FB aspiration regarding clinical presentation, evaluation, and management.Patients and methodsFifty patients were included in the study during the period from January 2016 to April 2017. Our study was a retrospective analytical study including analysis of the preoperative, operative, postoperative, and follow-up patients’ data.ResultsMost of the studied patients (66%) were between one and less than 3 years. FB was found in right (RT) bronchus in 25 patients (50%). Seeds were found in most of the studied patients (62.5%).ConclusionsHistory and clinical suspicion are crucial for the diagnosis of pediatric FB aspiration.
Squamous cell carcinoma paradox in thyroid
Authors: Dosemane Deviprasad , Khadilkar Meera Niranjan , Dadul Rigzing Chophel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the thyroid is extremely unusual, contributing to less than 1% of all primary thyroid carcinomas. It may be primary SCC of thyroid gland or secondary spread to the gland, owing to direct extension of SCC from neighboring structures or distant metastases. Most of the cases of thyroid malignancy present as a rapidly expanding mass in the neck, followed by symptoms of invasion and compression of nearby structures. This case report presents an atypical presentation of SCC in the thyroid gland. In this study, the patient presented with a huge thyroid swelling, with minimal dysphagia, mimicking a primary thyroid malignancy; unusually, the primary lesion in the esophagus was much smaller and found on endoscopic evaluation.
Dermoid cyst of the parotid gland: report of a rare entity with radiological findings and treatment approaches
Authors: Arslan Fatih , Tasli Hamdi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDermoid cysts (DCs) are uncommon masses of the head and neck region, and they account for only 7% of all such cysts. They usually arise in the orbit, the floor of the mouth, and nasal regions, and they are rarely seen in the parotid gland. This study reports a case of a 21-year-old man, presented with a parotid mass on left side, with the pathology consistent with ‘DC’. The discussion includes the clinical presentation, imaging findings, gross pathology, histologic features, and differential diagnosis of parotid DCs.
Impact of site and size of pars tensa tympanic membrane perforation on the success rate of myringoplasty
Authors: Saleh Ezzat M. , Salem Mohammed A. M. , Nemr Suzan H. A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This article is intended to investigate the impact of size and site of tympanic membrane (TM) perforation on the outcome and success rate of myringoplasty.

Patients and methods
This prospective study was conducted at Assiut University Hospital, between September 2015 and November 2017. Video-otoscopy was done to all cases, the images were registered on the computer and analyzed by using Universal Desktop Ruler V.3.5.3364 program, as the area of TM perforation (P) and the entire area of TM (T) were calculated. Thereafter, the percentage area of the perforation (P/T×100%) for the perforated ear was revealed. Site of perforation was also authenticated. Preoperative and postoperative A–B gap was carried out through audiogram for hearing results.

Results
The overall success rate of myringoplasty was 78.8%. According to size of TM perforation; the highest success rate of myringoplasty established between small perforations was 93.3% and the lowest found between subtotal perforations was 42.9%; in medium and large perforations, the success rate of myringoplasty was 87.5 and 71.4%, respectively. As regards the site of TM perforation, the success rate of myringoplasty was highest (90%) for posterior perforations and lowest (70%) for anterior perforations; in central and inferior perforations, the success rate of myringoplasty was 79.8 and 75%, respectively. After myringoplasty, the amount of closure of A–B gap was 21.82 dB.

Conclusion
The size of TM perforation has a great influence on the success rate of myringoplasty, while the site of TM perforation has no impact on the success rate of myringoplasty, and myringoplasty is an effective operation for sealing off TM perforations, resulting in improvement of quality of life.
Tracheobronchial foreign body in an extremely preterm infant complicated with pulmonary hemorrhage
Authors: Kho Jasmine P. Y. , Wong Ann Cheng , Teo Shu Ching , Tang Ing Ping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTracheobronchial foreign bodies in preterm neonates are extremely rare. They are usually iatrogenic and associated with dislodgement of medical devices. The narrow airways of neonates pose a challenge in removal of foreign bodies. The obstructing object or attempt of removal in itself may cause significant morbidity or mortality. We report a rare case of pulmonary hemorrhage secondary to a tracheobronchial foreign body in an extremely preterm infant and its successful removal. Literature reviews show atelectasis, pneumonia, and respiratory distress being the most common complications from a tracheobronchial foreign body. Removal of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in the narrow airways of neonates can be a grueling task with multiple risks. A high index of suspicion is needed for early detection of foreign body in the airways to avoid morbid complications.
Assessment of audiovestibular system in patients with vitiligo: a case–control study
Authors: Koura Rabab Ahmed , Basiouny Iman Mostafa , Doss Reham William , Mostafa Alshimaa Mohamed Abbas , Arafa Ahmed EmadEldin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Vitiligo is characterized by loss of epidermal melanocytes. Alterations in melanocytes in extracutaneous sites have been reported in vitiligo and sometimes implied for the inner ear along with an associated compromise in function.

Aim
The aim of this study was to map the auditory and vestibular functions in patients with vitiligo.

Materials and methods
A total of 30 patients with vitiligo vulgaris and 30 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Pure tone audiometry and measurements of auditory brainstem responses, cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP), and videonystagmography (VNG) were carried out in all participants.

Results
Mean hearing thresholds of patients with vitiligo were highly statistically significantly lowered at 4 and 8 kHz than the controls. Analysis of brainstem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEP) revealed statistically significantly prolonged wave III, wave V, and interpeaks of I–III and I–V latencies in both ears of 18 (60%) patients and in the left ear of two (6.6%) patients in the vitiligo group than the controls. VNG findings showed canal paresis in nine (30%) patients. There was a negative statistically significant correlation between disease duration and pure tone audiometry, BAEP, and latency of N23 of cVEMP.

Conclusion
This study sheds light on the importance of melanocytes for proper functioning of the auditory and vestibular system. The presence of high-frequency hearing loss, BAEP abnormalities, and cVEMP changes are valuable findings in patients with vitiligo. This highlights the importance of follow-up along the disease course for early detection of auditory abnormality. cVEMP testing can be used for the evaluation of the vestibulocolic reflex in patients with vitiligo. Moreover, VNG testing can be an important tool for assessment of the vestibular system in patients with vitiligo.
Effect of auditory temporal processing training on behavioral and electrophysiological functions in central presbycusis
Authors: Asal Samir I. , Sobhy Ossama A. , Morsy Hebatollah M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Age-related changes in the central auditory system, particularly auditory temporal processing abilities, were considered among most important factors affecting speech understanding performance in older adults. Once these factors are identified, clinical management procedures could be developed for prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of short-term auditory training on the behavioral and electrophysiological measurements of auditory function in individuals with age-related temporal processing deficit.

Participants and methods
A prospective study of 20 individuals aged 60–67 years with either normal or bilateral symmetric high-frequency hearing loss was conducted. Evaluations of auditory temporal processing using behavioral tests (Pitch Discrimination Test, Pitch Pattern Sequence Test, Auditory Fusion Test-Revised, and Time Compressed Speech Test), P300 potential, and the administration of ‘Amsterdam inventory for auditory disability and handicap’ were performed before and after short-term auditory training.

Results
All participants demonstrated poor pretraining Pitch Pattern Sequence Test results which were significantly improved after remediation. All patients showed normal pretraining performance on Pitch Discrimination Test, Auditory Fusion Test-Revised, and Time Compressed Speech Test tests. There was a statistically significant increase in P300 amplitude and shortening in latency after remediation.

Conclusion
Short-term auditory training in older adults with auditory temporal processing deficit led to improvements in temporal sequencing skills and communication in noisy environments. P300 potential has been proved to be an objective indicator of neurophysiologic changes in the central auditory system resulting from auditory experience.

Recommendation
Short-term auditory training is an efficient rehabilitative tool for elderly people with auditory temporal processing deficit. However, maintenance of treatment effects over time should be evaluated.
Ectopic third molar in maxillary sinus: an asymptomatic accidental finding
Authors: Kheir Mitra Karbasi , Sheikhi Mahnaz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEctopic tooth eruption in maxillary sinus is rare. Ectopic eruption in maxillary sinus usually causes sinonasal or ophthalmic symptoms, but asymptomatic cases are less reported. A 26-year-old man was referred to take a presurgical implant cone beam computed tomography of his anterior part of maxilla. The cone beam computed tomography projections showed an accidental finding of ectopic maxillary third molar in the posterior portion of left maxillary sinus. The patient did not report any history of swelling or pain. Although the patient was asymptomatic, the impacted tooth was removed because of the tendency of untreated impacted teeth to form cyst or tumor. The tooth was removed through Caldwell-Luc procedure.
Auditory brainstem response and speech mismatch negativity in children with phonological disorders
Authors: El-Beltagy Reem , Galhom Dalia , Hassan El-Ham M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study was designed to explore the processing of auditory information through auditory brainstem and higher cortical regions in a sample of children with phonological errors compared to age-matched normal controls using AEPs.

Subjects and Methods
We recorded click and speech auditory brain-stem response and mismatch negativity in 30 children (15 children who were diagnosed clinically with phonological disorder, their ages ranged between 3.5–5.5 years, 15 children age-matched, sex matched and education matched with the study group, normal fluent speaker with no history of speech or language impairment).

Results
Absolute and inter-peak latency values of cABR demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the control and study groups. Moreover, All children had well identifiable and repeatable sABR and MMN but with delayed latencies in transient, transitional and sustained portions of speech-evoked ABR and MMN in study group when compared to control group. On the other hand, there were non significant difference as regard amplitude in the two groups as regard sABR and MMN.

Conclusion
Phonological disorder may affect the communication and language processes causing degradation of linguistic and para-linguistic information, also it can affect the quality of life and social interaction.
Temporomandibular joint septic arthritis: A rare manifestation of melioidosis
Authors: Kn Lorna Ting , Ping Loong Siow , Nordin Ahmad , Ai Ong Cheng , Sawali Halimuddin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMelioidosis is a community-acquired infectious disease that is caused by the Gram-negative bacillus, Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is endemic in Southeast Asia countries, and its clinical spectrum is broad, often mimicking other illnesses, which make diagnosis challenging. The hallmark of its presentation is formation of abscess most commonly in the lungs. The overall mortality rate owing to melioidosis is extremely high especially in the bacteremia form. A 54-year-old woman presented with fever, limited mouth opening, and painful left preauricular swelling for 3 months. Premorbidly, she was well without underlying medical illnesses particularly diabetes or autoimmune disease. Local examination revealed a tender diffuse swelling at the left preauricular region. Her mouth opening was limited to two fingerbreadths. Hematological test showed raised total white cells, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. Computed tomography and MRI showed presence of significant left masseteric collection with erosion of left temporomandibular condyle. Other incidental findings from the imaging were multiple liver abscesses and right lower lung abscess. Her indirect immunofluorescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay diagnostic test was positive with significant titre ratio of 1 : 320, which established the diagnosis of melioidosis. Full recovery was attained following surgical drainage of the abscess, together with antibiotics for 6 months (intravenous ceftazidime for a month, followed by oral augmentin for 5 months). Melioidosis involving the TMJ joint is a rare entity. This is the second reported case of melioidosis affecting TMJ joint worldwide, from extensive literature search. This case highlights the importance of suspecting melioidosis in individual presenting with abscess at uncommon and atypical site. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay is a rapid test as compared to the gold standard blood culture, and it helps in reaching the diagnosis early with its advantages of high sensitivity and specificity.
Assessment of safety and efficacy of extraturbinal microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty versus partial inferior turbinectomy
Authors: Ali Balegh H. , Awad Osama G. Abdel-Naby , Ibrahim Aya , Azez Ahmd A. Abdel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim was to compare the extraturbinal microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty (MAT) with the partial inferior turbinectomy (PIT) based on subjective and objective parameters.

Patients and Methods
A total of 18 patients with nasal obstruction owing to bilateral hypertrophied inferior turbinates were included in this study. All patients underwent extraturbinal MAT on one side of the nose and PIT on the other side in alternate manner. The patients were blinded to the technique used. This is a prospective blinded randomized trial was conducted. The study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital.

Main outcome measures
Operative time, blood loss, subjective improvement of the nasal obstruction, degree of intranasal crustations, and degree of synechiae formation were the main outcomes recorded.

Results
The operative time and intraoperative blood loss were less in the extraturbinal MAT compared with PIT. At 2 weeks postoperatively, the sides with MAT had significantly better relief of nasal obstruction (P=0.007), less degree of nasal pain (P=0.002), less crustations (P=0.010), and better tissue healing (P =0.010) than sides with PIT. At 1 and 3 months postoperatively, the sides with MAT had statistically significant less crustations (P=0.040 and 0.032, respectively) and better tissue healing (P=0.010 and 0.010, respectively) compared with the sides with PIT; however, there were no statistically significant differences regarding relief of nasal obstruction and degree of nasal pain.

Conclusions
Extraturbinal microdebrider-assisted inferior turbinoplasty is more effective and safe compared with PIT, especially in short-term follow-up periods.
A preliminary study on the composition of the early expressive lexicon in Egyptian infants and toddlers
Authors: Hady Aisha F. Abdel , Farag Heba M. , Sheikhany Ayatallah R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to gain insight into early vocabulary size in Egyptian children aged between 12 and 30 months and to study the children’s lexicon composition at that young age while studying some demographic factors that might affect early vocabulary development.Participants and methodsParents of 150 children joining day care nurseries in Cairo were asked to fill in the Arabic vocabulary checklist designed in this study. The children were divided according to their age into three groups and then further subdivided according to their vocabulary size into low-vocabulary and high-vocabulary groups.ResultsRange and median and vocabulary percentages were estimated. Vocabulary size in older children is larger than younger children. More word types developed in the high-vocabulary group in younger age than in low-vocabulary group. All types of vocabulary continued to grow in older children in both low-vocabulary and high-vocabulary groups. There are differences between high-vocabulary and low-vocabulary groups in some demographic factors.ConclusionIn this study, the vocabulary size for Arabic infants and toddlers is less than some languages. There are delays and differences between low-vocabulary and high-vocabulary groups regarding the linguistic composition and some demographic factors.
DETERMINATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCING DRUG USE USING THE FUZZY AHP METHOD AT THE NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCIAL NATIONAL NARCOTICS AGENCY (BNNP)
Authors: Lubis Roshihan Mawazzi , Husein Ismail 
Published: September 2023

The phenomenon of drug abuse is primarily observed within the population characterized by experimental drug use, with a particular emphasis on individuals who are actively employed. Several factors, such as socioeconomic status and peer influence, have been identified as influential contributors in the occurrence of drug misuse. The objective of this study is to ascertain the determinants that impact individuals engaged in drug usage through the application of the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. The data for this research is derived from internal agencies, which aim to identify the elements that contribute to drug users' susceptibility to addiction and the subsequent development of drug dependency in individuals. The factors included in this study encompass Environment ( ), Family ( ), Economy ( ), Education ( ), and Personality ( ). The utilization of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for conducting data analysis methodologies. The AHP method yielded a value of λ=8.927, a CI of 2.65, and a CR of 87.39%. Moreover, during the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) phase, it was determined that the primary determinant of drug abuse is (environment), exhibiting the highest average score of 0.8321, equivalent to 83.21%, in comparison to other components
VARIASI POLA SIMETRI ROTASI 90 DERAJAT DARI SIMULASI SISTEM DINAMIK DENGAN TIGA TES KONVERGENSI
Authors: Cania Kintan Febri , Syafwan Mahdhivan , Putri Arrival Rince 
Published: September 2023

This article reviews the symmetry pattern which has rotational symmetry and translational symmetry along the -axis and -axis. The symmetry pattern is generated through the implementation of Matlab application using discrete dynamical system simulation, after analysing the requirements and determining the appropriate dynamical function. In this context, each point on the plane serves as the starting point in the iteration of the dynamical system. The colour assigned to each point is determined by the number of iterations performed. The generation of the symmetry pattern involves three convergence tests, namely the Euclidean Test, the Fractional Distance Test, and the Maximum Distance with Weighted test. Through a variety of dynamic function parameter combinations, a more visually appealing and diverse range of symmetry patterns is obtained.