bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: microglial signature and their relevance to disease
Authors: Sobue Akira , Komine Okiru , Yamanaka Koji 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, pathologically characterized by senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), resulting in neurodegeneration. Neuroinflammation, defined as the activation of glial cells such as microglia and astrocytes, is observed surrounding senile plaques and affected neurons in AD. Recently conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicate that a large section of identified AD risk genes are involved in immune responses and are enriched in microglia. Microglia are innate immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), which are involved in immune surveillance and maintenance of homeostasis in the CNS. Recently, a novel subpopulation of activated microglia named as disease-associated microglia (DAM), also known as activated response microglia (ARM) or microglial neurodegenerative phenotype (MGnD), was identified in AD model mice. These microglia closely associate with β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and exhibit characteristic gene expression profiles accompanied with reduced expressions of homeostatic microglial genes. However, it remains unclear whether decreased homeostatic microglia functions or increased DAM/ARM/MGnD functions correlate with the degree of neuronal loss in AD. To translate the results of rodent studies to human AD, precuneus, the brain region vulnerable to β-amyloid accumulation in preclinical AD, is of high interest, as it can provide novel insights into the mechanisms of microglia response to Aβ in early AD. In this study, we performed comparative analyses of gene expression profiles of microglia among three representative neurodegenerative mouse models and the human precunei with early AD pathology. We proceeded to evaluate the identified genes as potential therapeutic targets for AD. We believe that our findings will provide important resources to better understand the role of glial dysfunction in AD.
A comprehensive review on cement-based batteries and their performance parameters
Authors: Sundaramoorthi Arjun , Thangaraj Palanisamy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCement-based battery is a new area of research that is gaining popularity with the evolving idea of developing multifunctional and smart building solutions. This is deemed as a concept stirring revolution, because of the ability of the buildings to store energy and then power certain electronic applications. The core principle behind the development of cement-based batteries is the characteristics of the cement electrolyte acting as ionic conductor thereby facilitating the migration of ions between the electrodes. This review paper presents a compilation of works carried out by various researchers working towards the development of cement-based batteries along with a review on the various performance assessment parameters used by the authors, related to cement-based battery systems. In addition to the earlier works, the scope for future works in the development of cement-based batteries and the current work in progress from the authors’ front are reported as well.
Depressive symptoms moderate functional connectivity within the emotional brain in chronic pain
Authors: Quidé Yann , Norman-Nott Nell , Hesam-Shariati Negin , McAuley James H. , Gustin Sylvia M. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Depressive symptoms are often comorbid with chronic pain. These conditions share aberrant emotion processing and regulation, as well as having common brain networks. However, the relationship between depressive symptoms and chronic pain and the effects on emotional brain function are unclear.

Aims
The present study aimed to disentangle the effects of chronic pain and depressive symptoms on functional connectivity between regions implicated in both these conditions.

Method
Twenty-six individuals with chronic pain (referred to as the pain group) and 32 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Beck Depression Inventory. Main effects of group, depressive symptoms (total severity score) and their interaction on the functional connectivity of three seed regions (the left and right amygdalae and the medial prefrontal cortex; mPFC) with the rest of the brain were evaluated. In cases of significant interaction, moderation analyses were conducted.

Results
The group × depressive symptoms interaction was significantly associated with changes in connectivity between the right amygdala and the mPFC (family-wise error-corrected P-threshold (pFWEc = 0.008). In the moderation analysis, the pain group showed weaker connectivity between these regions at lower levels of depressive symptoms (P = 0.020), and stronger connectivity at higher levels of depressive symptoms (P = 0.003), compared with the healthy controls. In addition, the strength of connectivity decreased in the healthy controls (P = 0.005) and increased in the pain group (P = 0.014) as the severity of depressive symptoms increased.

Conclusions
Depressive symptoms moderate the impact of chronic pain on emotional brain function, with potential implications for the choice of treatment for chronic pain.
Targeted Therapies and the Evolving Standard of Care for Triple-Negative and Germline BRCA1/2-Mutated Breast Cancers in the High-Risk, Early-Stage Setting
Authors: Desai Neelam V. , Tan Antoinette R. 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have transformed the treatment landscape of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Trial results have demonstrated the clinical benefit of these targeted agents in the advanced TNBC setting and have led to their evaluation in the treatment of high-risk, early-stage TNBC and BRCA-mutated breast cancer. We provide a summary of the results that have led to the establishment of the ICI pembrolizumab and the PARP inhibitor olaparib as new standards of care. METHODS Using PubMed, we searched for original articles published in English between 2017 and 2022. Search terms included triple-negative breast cancer, adjuvant, neoadjuvant, immunotherapy, and PARP inhibitors. RESULTS Two targeted therapies have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of TNBC and BRCA-mutated breast cancers in the high-risk, early-stage setting on the basis of clinical trial results demonstrating improved clinical outcomes. For high-risk, early-stage TNBC, pembrolizumab was approved as neoadjuvant therapy in combination with chemotherapy and as a single agent for continued treatment after surgery; this approval was based on results of the KEYNOTE-522 trial. Olaparib was approved for the adjuvant treatment of patients with high-risk, early-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)–negative breast cancer with germline BRCA1/ 2 mutations who have been previously treated with neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy on the basis of the OlympiA trial results. CONCLUSION Clinical trial results demonstrate the pronounced clinical benefits of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy for high-risk, early-stage TNBC and adjuvant olaparib for high-risk, early-stage HER2-negative BRCA1/ 2-mutated breast cancer.
Unearthing the Time/Space/Matter of Multispecies Justice
Authors: Winter Christine J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Multispecies justice is a developing field—or perhaps more accurately, a set of fields. It draws together a range of academic disciplines to examine human and nonhuman relationships. These include relationships of respect, responsibility, and, to some, reciprocity. The extent of those relationships and the range of species, forms, and being to be included, however, remains indistinct and variable. Whereas within traditional theories of justice concern for other beings remains tied to the desire to enhance human experience, life opportunities, goods, and virtues, the call to multispecies justice is motivated by the recognition that the nonhuman realm has intrinsic value and values. This article's argument is that given the relative infancy of multispecies justice as a field of study in the Western academy, there is an opportunity to ensure that it examines not only how to avoid damaging domination of the nonhuman realm but also the ongoing colonial domination of Indigenous epistemologies and ontologies. The article does not suggest an appropriation of Indigenous knowledge but rather an exploration of ways in which the field may remain sufficiently nuanced and open to accommodate multiple epistemological and ontological framings of theory. Drawing from Mātauranga Māori the article discusses an aspect of that decolonial project—why the scope of multispecies justice needs to be open to all planetary being and all time.
Transitional Justice beyond the Human
Authors: Ruiz-Serna Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Indigenous and Afro-Colombian peoples often describe the harm caused by armed conflict in terms of damage inflicted on their traditional territories. To these peoples, the concept of territory makes reference not only to their lands but to a set of emplaced practices and relationships through which they share life with wider assemblages of human and other-than-human beings. It is the threat faced by these large communities of life that was invoked by Indigenous organizations when they succeeded in including the territory as a victim in the transitional justice framework recently implemented by the Colombian state. This article argues that the consideration of the territory as a victim means more than the full enjoyment of the land ownership rights Indigenous and Afro-Colombian peoples are entitled to. Instead, said consideration challenges some received notions regarding justice and reparation, particularly because war becomes an experience that extends beyond human losses and environmental degradation. The terms and practices mobilized by Indigenous and Afro-Colombian peoples compel us to examine the limits that concepts such as human rights, reparation, or even damage have in the understanding of war and its aftermath.
Biofortified andean blackberry (rubus glaucus benth) powder with Lacticaseibacillus casei: process and formulation effects
Authors: Marín-Arango Zaira Tatiana , Cortés R. Misael , Gil G. Jesús , Agudelo-Laverde Lina Marcela 
Published: May 2023

Background: Physical, chemical, bromatological and morphological characteristics are some of the quality aspects that regulate food products. The Andean blackberry is a very perishable fruit, due to its moisture, acidity, and water activity. Dehydration is one of the most common techniques in food preservation. Methods: In this research, blackberry concentrate, inulin and Lacticaseibacillus casei (L. casei), were co-encapsulated by spray drying using different conditions: maltodextrin (MD: 4-8%), inlet air temperature (IAT: 120-140 ºC), outlet air temperature (OAT: 70-80 ºC) and atomizing disc speed (ADS: 20000-24000 rpm). Results: The experimental optimization had a desirability function (71.9%), MD (5.0%), IAT (121.1 ºC), OAT (71.6 ºC) and ADS (24000 rpm). Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant capacity were determined in spray dried product. The blackberry powder biofortified with L. casei and inulin (BPLI) achieved 7.12±0.69 Log CFU/g, total phenols (2912.9±96.4 mg eq-gallic acid/100g), anthocyanins (202.9±5.2 mg eq-cyd-3-glu/100g), and antioxidant capacity (ABTS: 2423.1±96.6 mg Trolox/100g and DPPH: 3302.6±76.4 mg Trolox/100g). Conclusions: The physicochemical properties of biofortified blackberry powder indicate that it is a product with appropriate solubility, humidity, and water activity for consumption and storage. BPLI has the potential to be a health food and could be positioned as a functional food due to its probiotic and prebiotic characteristics and the antioxidants that are beneficial to modern consumers; on the other hand, it represents a raw material with potential use in the food industry.
A study on biomedical researchers’ perspectives on public engagement in Southeast Asia
Authors: Tran Dong Thai Han , Van Thuy Qui Huong , Vu Duy Thanh , Fisher Jaom , Chambers Mary 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Public engagement is increasingly promoted in the scientific community. Although there are studies about researchers’ perspectives on public engagement, these are predominantly from Global North settings and there is little data from the context of Southeast Asia. The Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU) is a clinical and public health research programme with sites in Vietnam, Nepal and Indonesia. There is a dedicated public engagement team, and it is recognised as an important part of the research process. Methods: Through this study we explored the views and needs of local researchers with regards to practicing public engagement. We obtained opinions of 70 researchers through an online survey with both open-ended and closed-ended questions. Results: Most researchers perceived public engagement as improving public science literacy, rather than supporting public participation in science and research. While the participants largely see public engagement as a necessary practice, they experienced four main barriers to taking part in public engagement: time, lack of capacity, lack of support and personal perceptions. Most participants indicated they had somewhat to low confidence to communicate about science to the public. Experience, skill and knowledge, and personal preference emerged as factors that influence their perceived confidence for science communication. In our analysis, experience appeared to be the main factor contributing to researchers' high confidence. Recommendations: We recommended to support researchers by not only providing them with training for skills and knowledge, but also with opportunities to conduct public engagement, and a range of methods to suit their personal styles of communicating. It is also evident that more support is needed to build an enabling institutional environment that gives researchers professional recognition for their engagement work. This study, while modest in its scope, has informed our approach to supporting researcher-led engagement, and may guide other institutes wishing to improve this.
Health behaviors of patients with arterial hypertension aged 60-70 treated in the cardiology department
Authors: Bąk Ewelina , Piętka Jadwiga , Pawlak Anna 
Published: May 2023

Introduction and purpose of the study: Arterial hypertension is currently the biggest economic problem among cardiovascular diseases. It concerns the population of the elderly, in whom health behaviors are necessary, but difficult to implement. Hospitalization of such patients creates an opportunity for education and preventive actions in the field of proper health behavior.
Materials and methods: The study used the diagnostic survey method and the self-questionnaire was used in conjunction with the standardized questionnaire of the Health Behavior Inventory. The research was conducted in the Cardiology Department, among 100 patients hospitalized in the period from August to October 2019. The study was approved by the management of the Provincial Hospital in Bielsko-Biała.
Research results: In the study group of patients with arterial hypertension, the highest score among health behaviors was given to health practices and positive mental attitude, and the lowest score was given to preventive behaviors.
Conclusions: Declared health behaviors among patients with arterial hypertension were statistically significantly higher among women, people who do not work, eat a healthy diet, avoid stress, maintain physical activity, regularly take medications, regularly cooperate with a family doctor and use an adequate amount of sleep and rest.
Interpretable Matrix Completion: A Discrete Optimization Approach
Authors: Bertsimas Dimitris , Li Michael Lingzhi 
Published: May 2023

We consider the problem of matrix completion on an n × m matrix. We introduce the problem of interpretable matrix completion that aims to provide meaningful insights for the low-rank matrix using side information. We show that the problem can be reformulated as an optimization problem with a convex objective and binary variables. We design an algorithm called OptComplete, based on a novel concept of stochastic cutting planes to enable efficient scaling of the algorithm up to matrices of sizes n = 106 and m = 106. We prove that OptComplete converges to an optimal solution of the interpretable matrix completion problem with exponentially vanishing failure probability. We report experiments on both synthetic and real-world data sets that show that OptComplete has favorable scaling behavior and accuracy when compared with state-of-the-art methods for other types of matrix completion while providing insight on the factors that affect the matrix. History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0022 .
Hub Location with Protection Under Interhub Link Failures
Authors: Blanco Víctor , Fernández Elena , Hinojosa Yolanda 
Published: May 2023

This paper introduces the hub location problem under interhub link failures, a hub location problem in which activated interhub links may fail with a given probability. Two different optimization models are studied, which construct hub backbone networks protected under interhub link disruptions by imposing that, for each commodity, an additional routing path exists besides its original routing path. Both models consider the minimization of the fixed costs of the activated hubs and interhub links plus the expected value of the routing costs of the original and alternative paths. The first model builds explicitly the alternative routing paths, whereas the second model guarantees that, for each commodity, at least one alternative path exists using a large set of connectivity constraints although the alternative paths are not built explicitly. The results of extensive computational testing allow us to analyze the performance of the two proposed models and to evaluate the extra cost required to design a robust backbone network under interhub link failures. The obtained results support the validity of the proposal. History: Accepted by David Alderson, Area Editor for Network Optimization: Algorithms & Application. Funding: The authors of this research acknowledge financial support by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Agencia Estatal de Investigación and Fondos Europeos de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) via projects PID2020-114594GB-C21 and MTM2019-105824GB-I00. The authors also acknowledge partial support from projects FEDER-US-1256951, Junta de Andalucía P18-FR-422, P18-FR-2369, B-FQM-322-UGR20 (COXMOS), and NetmeetData: Ayudas Fundación BBVA a equipos de investigación científica 2019. The first author was partially supported by the IMAG-Maria de Maeztu grant [CEX2020-001105-M/AEI/10.13039/501100011033] and UE-NextGenerationEU (ayudas de movilidad para la recualificación del profesorado universitario). Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2023.1296 .
Technical Note—On Hiring Secretaries with Stochastic Departures
Authors: Kesselheim Thomas , Psomas Alexandros , Vardi Shai 
Published: May 2023

The paper studies generalization of the secretary problem, where decisions do not have to be made immediately upon applicants’ arrivals. After arriving, each applicant stays in the system for some (random) amount of time and then leaves, whereupon the algorithm has to decide irrevocably whether to select this applicant or not. The arrival and waiting times are drawn from known distributions, and the decision maker’s goal is to maximize the probability of selecting the best applicant overall. The paper characterizes the optimal policy for this setting, showing that when deciding whether to select an applicant, it suffices to know only the time and the number of applicants that have arrived so far. Furthermore, the policy is monotone nondecreasing in the number of applicants seen so far, and, under certain natural conditions, monotone nonincreasing in time. Furthermore, when the number of applicants is large, a single threshold policy is almost optimal.
Where does the buck stop? UK Home Office and other statutory body responses to allegations of human rights violations in two Serco-run hotels housing people seeking asylum
Authors: Moran Rhetta Ann , McMahon Gráinne 
Published: May 2023

RAPAR applies our participatory action research methods to amplify the living experience of families seeking asylum in the UK who are in ‘contingency accommodation’, aka ‘hotels’, and claiming human rights abuses on these sites. From all over the world, these people are without status in the UK and are therefore without recourse to the public funds that are, theoretically, available to everyone living in the UK with status. Their complete legal dependence on the Home Office and its subcontractors to ‘look after’ them and deal with any complaints leads to the question: why would anyone choose to challenge any organisation about human rights violations when that same organisation exercises such profound control over their day to day living reality? The data comprises contemporaneously collected evidence from individual correspondence, questionnaires, semi-structured conversations and case studies with hotel residents. Our preliminary analysis demonstrates considerable failures of statutory bodies in implementing their statutory duties. No evidence of meaningful investigation by any implicated statutory authority, or their privatised sub-contractors, into the human rights violation allegations asserted by hotel residents has been produced. The Local Authorities and the NHS insist that the Home Office is responsible for hotel residents within their boundaries. In turn, the Home Office, including Greater Manchester Police and sub-contractors Serco and Migrant Help, have failed to address the allegations in any transparent way.
We call for immediate action that enables hotel residents to safely protect themselves and stimulates inclusive solution-making, with them, to end these human rights violations.