bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsampling Approach for Least Squares Fitting of Semi-parametric Accelerated Failure Time Models to Massive Survival Data
Authors: Yang Zehan , Yan Jun , Wang HaiYing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Massive survival data are increasingly common in many research fields, and subsampling is a practical strategy for analyzing such data. Although optimal subsampling strategies have been developed for Cox models, little has been done for semiparametric accelerated failure time (AFT) models due to the challenges posed by non-smooth estimating functions for the regression coefficients. We develop optimal subsampling algorithms for fitting semi-parametric AFT models using the least-squares approach. By efficiently estimating the slope matrix of the non-smooth estimating functions using are sampling approach, we construct optimal subsampling probabilities for the observations. For feasible point and interval estimation of the unknown coefficients, we propose a two-step method, drawing multiple subsamples in the second stage to correct for overe stimation of the variance in higher censoring scenarios. We validate the performance of our estimators through a simulation study that compares single and multiple subsampling methods, and apply the methods to analyze the survival time of lymphoma patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.
Nose vs. mouth breathing – Acute effect of different breathing regimens on muscular endurance
Authors: Lörinczi Mgr. František , Vanderka Marián 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundWe know that the way we breathe (weather through the nose or mouth) can influence many aspects of our health and to some extent, sport performance. Does the way of breathing (nose vs. mouth) influence muscular endurance?MethodsWe conducted an experiment in which we verified the acute effect of different breathing regimens (NN, nasal - inhaling and exhaling through the nose; NM, oro-nasal - inhaling through the nose, exhaling through the mouth; MM, oral - inhaling and exhaling through the mouth) on the muscular endurance performance. 107 young physically active college students (68 males, 39 females) performed repeated bench press testing protocol (repetitions to failure with 60% of body weight for males – BP60, respectively 40% of body weight for females – BP40) with various breathing regimens (NN, NM, MM) in random order. We also measured heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and perceived exertion by Borg scale (RPE).ResultsIn both sexes, no significant differences in number of repetitions, perceived exertion and blood oxygen saturation were shown between the selected breathing modes (ns). We did not record any case of deviation of saturation outside the physiological norm. We noticed significantly lower heart rate values ​​in the male group at BP60 with the NN regimen, compared to NM (p = 0.033) and MM (p = 0.047). These differences, although significant, were lower than the usual statistical deviation (3–4 bpm; 3%) and have only small effect.ConclusionPure nasal breathing (NN) seems to be just as effective as other two regimens which use the mouth (NM, MM) in context of muscular endurance performance. Based on our findings and the mentioned negative consequences of oral breathing, we recommend using purely nasal breathing during training for muscular endurance.
Symmetry of bilateral lower limb during sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit tasks in stroke hemiplegia patients
Authors: He Jian , Liu Dongwei , Hou Meijin , Luo Anhua , Yu Jiajia , Ma Ye 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundStroke patients with hemiplegia are at increased risk of falls during sit-to-stand (Si-St) and stand-to-sit (St-Si) tasks. Maintaining bilateral lower limb symmetry during those movements can reduce the incidence of falls. This study aimed to investigate bilateral lower limb symmetries during Si-St and St-Si tasks in stroke patients compared healthy controls.MethodsThirteen stroke patients with hemiplegia and thirteen healthy controls were recruited. The subjects were asked to stand up and sit down naturally from backless and armless chairs. Five Si-St and St-Si trials were collected for each subject. Kinematics and kinetics were calculated using the inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics tools of OpenSim. The Symmetry Index (SI) was used to quantify the symmetries of both sides. The 10% of SI was set as the asymmetry threshold.ResultsThe results showed that there were significant bilateral differences (P < 0.05) in the time to reach the maximum hip and knee moment during the Si-St task in the stroke patients. All spatial-temporal characteristics in the stroke group were greater than (P < 0.05) those in the healthy group. Bilateral ankle angle showed asymmetry during the Si-St and St-Si tasks in stroke group, and the mean ankle angle SI was greater than (P < 0.05) that of the healthy group. The stroke group showed asymmetry for bilateral hip, knee, and ankle moment, vertical ground reaction force, and medial-lateral center of pressure (ML-COP) during the entire Si-St and St-Si movements, and their average SI were significantly different (P < 0.05) from those of the healthy group except the ML-COP.ConclusionsStroke patients demonstrated significant bilateral asymmetry during Si-St and St-Si tasks, which may increase the risk of falls. Targeted lower-limb strength training, especially on the affected side, may improve symmetry and reduce the risk of falls. These findings can inform the development of rehabilitation interventions for stroke patients with hemiplegia.
CO2 Emissions, Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Nexus: the case of India
Authors: G Babu Rao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the present global world environmental sustainability has become an important element in achieving a long-term development policy. Nowadays, developing countries like India struggling to deal with these concerns, which all requires a specific treatment. On this basis, this study is to investigate the causal relationship between emissions, economic growth and energy consumption for India over the time period of 1990-2019. The study is applied Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to look at the long-run dynamics, while the Vector Error Correction (VECM) model is applied to identify causal direction. The ARDL test confirms that there is a long-run relationship exists between the variables. The VECM results reveal that there is a long-run causality in emissions, GDP and EC. A range of diagnostic tests were also used to confirm the validity and reliability of the results. The results also point out to a unidirectional causality running from emissions to economic growth to energy consumption, from energy consumption to emissions. This study reveals new findings that contribute the existing literature and may be of particular interest to the country’s policymakers in light of the economic system and role of in environmental issues.
Psychometric Assessment of the Rett Syndrome Caregiver Assessment of Symptom Severity (RCASS)
Authors: Raspa Melissa , Gqaltney Angela , Bann Carla , von Hehn Jana , Benke Timothy A. , Marsh Eric D. , Peters Sarika U. , Ananth Amitha , Percy Alan K. , Neul Jeffrey L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose:Rett syndrome is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that affects about 1 in 10,000 females. Clinical trials of disease modifying therapies are on the rise, but there are few psychometrically sound caregiver-reported outcome measures available to assess treatment benefit. We report on a new caregiver-reported outcome measure, the Rett Caregiver Assessment of Symptom Severity (RCASS).Methods:Using data from the Rett Natural History Study (n=649), we examined the factor structure, using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and the reliability and validity of the RCASS.Results:The four-factor model had the best overall fit, which covered movement, communication, behavior, and Rett-specific symptoms. The RCASS had moderate internal consistency. Strong face validity was found with age and mutation type, and criterion validity was established with other similar measures, including the Revised Motor-Behavior Assessment Scale, Clinical Severity Scale, Clinical Global Impression Scale, and the Child Health Questionnaire.Conclusion:These data provide initial evidence that the RCASS is a viable caregiver-outcome measure for use in clinical trials in Rett syndrome. Future work to assess sensitivity to change and other measures of reliability, such as test-retest and inter-rater agreement, are needed.
Differentiable Holography
Authors: Chen Ni , Wang Congli , Heidrich Wolfgang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Thanks to the advancement of computational imaging, holography has been solidified over the past decade. Nonetheless, the utilization of the computational tools is hampered by the mismatch between experimental setups and the conceptual model. We present differentiable holography, a novel framework for automatically self-calibrating experimental imperfections in inverse holographic imaging. The technique is demonstrated on auto-focused complex field imaging from a single intensity-only inline hologram.
Eliminating Hyperbolic Curvature of 9-Dimensions in Quotient Space for Elliptic Generators
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Any two 3-fold hyperbolic geometry can in essence when interference destructively then the boundary or the hollow disc ϖ got reciprocal into an elliptic 9-fold geometry by means of a cycle /ρ which in essence is the quotient space generated by that hollow disc of an increasing evolution through space σ for that cycle /ρ (σ) then ϖ+ through an affine mapping parameter ζ results in the reciprocal of the hyperbolic in an elliptic space.
Effect of the noise on the phase synchronization of the coupled modified Hindmarsh Rose model
Authors: Tezoh Franky Kevin Nando , Adamou DANG KOKO , Mundih N.S , FOUDA H.P EKOBENA 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Noises on dynamical systems can have positive or negative contributions. We studied the effect of additive white Gaussian noise on the phase synchronization of a coupled Hindmarsh Rose under magnetic field effect. It is found that relatively strong values of the magnetic coupling strength is needed for the system to reach complete phase synchronization in the case of noiseless neuronal network system. With the added of noise in the neuronal network, we observe an increase of the phase shit. Results showed also that noise destroys phase synchronization of the neuronal networks. Moreover, we found that for a less noising system, phase synchronization is conserved if the neuronal system already exhibited it.
Almanac: Retrieval-Augmented Language Models for Clinical Medicine
Authors: Hiesinger William , Zakka Cyril , Chaurasia Akash , Shad Rohan , Dalal Alex , Kim Jennifer , Moor Michael , Alexander Kevin , Ashley Euan , Boyd Jack , Boyd Kathleen , Hirsch Karen , Langlotz Curtis , Nelson Joanna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Large-language models have recently demonstrated impressive zero-shot capabilities in a variety of natural language tasks such as summarization, dialogue generation, and question-answering. Despite many promising applications in clinical medicine, adoption of these models in real-world settings has been largely limited by their tendency to generate incorrect and sometimes even toxic statements. In this study, we develop Almanac, a large language model framework augmented with retrieval capabilities for medical guideline and treatment recommendations. Performance on a novel dataset of clinical scenarios (n = 130) evaluated by a panel of 5 board-certified and resident physicians demonstrates significant increases in factuality (mean of 18% at p-value < 0.05) across all specialties, with improvements in completeness and safety. Our results demonstrate the potential for large language models to be effective tools in the clinical decision-making process, while also emphasizing the impor- tance of careful testing and deployment to mitigate their shortcomings.
Magmatic and hydrothermal controls on diverse Nb mineralization associated with carbonatite-alkaline complexes in the southern Qinling orogenic belt, Central China
Authors: Ma Rong-Lin , Chen Wei Terry , Tang Yan-Wen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although carbonatite-alkaline complexes are the primary source of the world’s niobium (Nb) supply, the mineralization style is largely variable in these complexes and the processes behind their formation are still poorly understood. Exemplifying with our new observations on the ~430 Ma Miaoya and Shaxiongdong carbonatite-syenite complexes in the southern Qinling orogenic belt, central China, show that disseminated Nb mineralization in these two deposits is pervasive throughout the entire complexes in both syenite and carbonatite. Both magmatic and hydrothermal processes have contributed to Nb mineralization in both deposits, despite differences in the mineralization style. The Nb-bearing minerals in the mineralized Miaoya syenites include magmatic U-poor pyrochlore, rutile, and ilmenite with minor amounts of columbite, and hydrothermal columbite and rutile, whereas those in the mineralized carbonatites are mainly magmatic U-poor pyrochlore, uranpyrochlore, U-rich betafite, and rutile with minor amounts of columbite, and hydrothermal columbite and rutile. On the other hand, the Nb-bearing minerals in the mineralized Shaxiongdong syenites include magmatic U-poor pyrochlore, titanite, rutile, and ilmenite, and hydrothermal fersmite, rutile, and ilmenite, whereas those in the mineralized carbonatites are mainly magmatic U-poor pyrochlore without any hydrothermal Nb-bearing minerals. Field observations, whole-rock chemical and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions strongly constrained that assimilation of U-rich rocks (e.g., the hosting Yaolinghe and Meiziya Groups) and magma differentiation are responsible for diverse magmatic Nb mineralization in the two deposits. On the other hand, the diverse assemblages of hydrothermal Nb minerals in Miaoya and Shaxiongdong are mainly controlled by variations in the nature of the fluids, which is constrained to be genetically related to ~220 and ~420 Ma hydrothermal events, respectively. In summary, both magma evolution (e.g., differentiation, assimilation) and late hydrothermal overprinting are responsible for the diverse Nb mineralogy in carbonatite-alkaline complexes, a situation that is commonly observed worldwide.
Zeolite Effect on Solid Product Characteristics in Hydrothermal Treatment of Household Waste
Authors: Maleiva Lalak Tarbiyatun Nasyin , Purnomo Chandra Wahyu , Nugraheni Putranty Widha , Kusumawardhani Eka , Putra Leonardus Sandy Ade 
Published: May 2023

The number of primary energy sources in Indonesia will run out quickly. Therefore, innovation is required to provide renewable energy sources (NRE) that accommodate the increasing energy necessities. Hydrothermal is the potential degradation process of plastic waste to generate NRE. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the hydrothermal process in breaking down bulky raw materials and the role of zeolite as a catalyst to upgrade the quality of hydrochar as a novel solid fuel by evaluating the essential parameters through proximate and ultimate analysis. The addition of zeolite in the hydrothermal process can increase the water content, ash content, and volatile matter and slightly decrease the calorific value and fixed carbon. The condition to obtain the best characteristics was temperature of 220 oC and the addition of 20 % zeolite.
Design and Build a Web-Based Public Service Administration System Using the CodeIgniter Framework
Authors: Fiyan Zul , Marta Rizkayeni 
Published: May 2023

Pemerintah desa memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam melakukan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Salah satunya pelayanan administrasi yang melakukan banyak pelayanan administrasi dan pengelolaan data, sehingga sering terjadi ketidakefisienan waktu, tenaga dan biaya. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat membantu proses pelayanan administrasi agar dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien. Sistem ini menyediakan pelayanan administrasi masyarakat guna memudahkan masyarakat dalam pengurusannya. Metode pemrograman sistem menggunakan konsep Object Oriented Programming (OOP) dan pemodelan Uniffied Modeling Language (UML). Arsitektur yang digunakan pada sistem ini berbasis Model-View-Controller menggunakan framework Codeigniter dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP. Diharapkan sistem ini dapat mengurangi permasalahan yang terjadi dan meningkatkan proses pelayanan administrasi.
EXPLORING THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF ESL TEACHERS IN THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH SUBJECTS
Authors: Castro Jocelyn Sabas 
Published: May 2023

Teaching English has been a major issue in countries where English is not the first language, making it difficult for L2 learners to learn a second language because they cannot use English in real-life situations. However, pronunciation is a significant element of English language fluency. It is considered to be essential for successful oral communication. This paper documented the lived experiences of five ESL teachers in teaching English classes at Eastern Samar State University, Guiuan. This study employed a transcendental phenomenology research design. The five selected teachers teaching English subjects were asked to share their experiences through an in-depth interview in teaching English subjects and their observed students’ English language challenges. The data gathered generated five themes, which included sensitivity among students on error correction; divergent attitudes of the students towards pronunciation instruction; pronunciation errors of students in both segmental and suprasegmentals; teacher’s ways of dealing with the level of extent of students’ fossilization period; and challenges in teaching the English language. The result implies that students’ lack of exposure to language learning opportunities contributes to the emerging problem in the fluency of the language. Therefore, challenges to ESL teachers in dealing with students’ difficulties in learning the English language.
Rare and New Mutations of B-Globin in Azari Population of Iran, a Considerable Diversity
Authors: Abbasali F.H. , Mahmoud K.Sh. , Hengameh N. , Mina D.H. , Setare D. , Hale D.M , Sima D.M. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Thalassemia, as the most common single-gene genetic disorder, is related to a defect in the synthesis of one or more hemoglobin chains. More than 200 mutations have been identified in the β-globin gene. Globally, every susceptible racial group has its own specific spectrum of the common mutations that are well-known to a particular geographic region. On the other hand, varying numbers of diverse rare mutations may occur.

Materials and Methods
The subjects of the study included 2113 heterozygote or homozygote β-thalassemia cases selected among couples who participated in the Iranian national thalassemia screening program from January 2011 to November 2019. Molecular characterization of the β-thalassemia mutation was initially carried out by the amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS–PCR) technique for common mutations, followed by sequencing, Gap PCR, and Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) methods - in cases not detected by the ARMS-PCR.

Results
The existence of 39 rare and new point mutations and 4 large deletions were described in our cohort. Sicilian (-13,337bp) deletion, CD36/37 (-T), and CD15 TGG>TGA were encountered more often than the others in a decreasing order, in terms of frequency. The least frequent mutations/deletions were deletion from HBD exon 1 to HBB promoter, 619 bp deletion, Deletion from up HBBP1-Exon3 HBBP1 and up HBB-0.5Kb down HBB, CAP+8 C>A, CD37 (G>A), CD6 (-A), IVSI-2 (T>C), IVSII-705 T>G, and IVSII-772 (G>A). Each occurred once. Five mutations/variants were also determined which have not been reported previously in Iran.

Conclusion
According to the findings of the study, the Northwestern Iranian population displayed a wide variety of thalassemia allelic distributions. Identification of rare and new mutations in the β-thalassemia in the national population is beneficial for screening programs, genetic counseling, and prenatal diagnosis
SLC26A2 Related Diastrophic Dysplasia in 42-Years Ukrainian Women
Authors: Bondarenko M. , Haiboniuk I. , Solovei I. , Shargorodska Y. , Makukh H. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Diastrophic dysplasia (DTD) is an uncommon pathology which falls under the group of skeletal dysplasias with its first symptoms observed from birth. The pathology is often featured by short stature and abnormally short extremities (also known as short-limbed dwarfism); the osseous structures of the body (bones and joints) are characterized through defective development in many body regions. More than 300 genes were reported to be involved in DTD etiology with autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked manner.
We describe clinical case of a 42-year-old woman from the west of Ukraine with diastrophic dysplasia and two pathogenic variants c.1020_1022del (p.Val341del) and c.1957T>A (p.Cys653Ser) identified in SLC26A2 gene.
SLC26A2-related diastrophic dysplasia was confirmed based on the presence of pathogenic variants in SLC26A2, which is associated with autosomal recessive forms of skeletal dysplasia, combined with phenotypic symptoms and radiographic findings.
Adipocyte “Fatty Acid Binding Protein” Gene Polymorphisms (rs1054135, rs16909196 and rs16909187) in Jordanians with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: El-Ryalat S.W. , Irshaid Y.M. , Abujbara M. , El-Khateeb M. , Ajlouni K.M. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia may result from the interactions of genetic and environmental factors. There are controversial reports concerning the association of polymorphisms (rs1054135, rs16909196 and rs16909187) in the gene of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (FABP4) with obesity and T2DM. Therefore, we designed this study to determine the association of these polymorphisms with obesity, T2DM, and dyslipidemia among Jordanian subjects.

Methods
The study was approved by the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics (NCDEG) Institutional Review Board (IRB). A total of 397 subjects were enrolled in the study and divided into four groups as described in materials and methods section. The fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) gene containing (rs1054135, rs16909196 and rs16909187) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger DNA sequencing of the PCR product.

Results
None of the three SNPs were associated with T2DM (p > 0.05). The rs16909187 and rs16909196 were significantly associated with obesity. The wild type (CC) of rs16909187 was significantly higher among the overweight and obese group compared with normal weight controls (OD = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.18 - 3.96, p =0.01). The wild type of rs16909196 (AA) was significantly higher among the overweight and obese group compared to controls, (OD = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.24 - 4.14, p = 0.01). These results may indicate that the wild-type may be a risk factor for obesity.
Only the rs1054135 SNP was significantly associated with increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the overweight and obese group compared with the controls (p = 0.03).

Conclusions
The wild-type genotypes of rs16909196 and rs16909187 may be risk factors for obesity but not T2DM. None of the three SNPs was associated with T2DM.