bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetation cover changes and species composition: preliminary results from agroforestry system in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Hartoyo APP , Azis SN , Ramadhi A , Khairunnisa S , Mudzaky RH , Pamoengkas P , Fadillah A , Ruliandi A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As a mitigation target for Indonesia’s Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU) Net Sink 2030, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP) has a high potential. However, there is a lack of data on tree species composition and vegetation cover, particularly in the traditional zone (TZ). This study aims to estimate the vegetation cover of GHSNP in 2016, 2019, and 2022, as well as tree species composition in the TZ compared to the wilderness zone (WZ). This study used Sentinel-2 imagery and plot establishment for vegetation analysis in both zones. The most dominant class of vegetation cover in GHSNP from 2016 to 2022 is in class 5 which has highly dense vegetation. The large area class 5 increased by around 2.17% from 2016 to 2022. There were 17 species found in TZ and 24 species in WZ. Local communities are applying the traditional agroforestry of Poh-pohan (Pilea trinervia) as the main commodity and Pinus merkusii for the shade trees. P. merkusii and Maesopsis eminii are the most frequently found in TZ and WZ due to the former status of GHSNP as a production forest. Agroforestry systems can enhance biodiversity as a conservation effort and Indonesia’s FOLU Net Sink 2030 actions.
Willingness to Pay for Conservation: A Study in Serinsim Substation, Kinabalu Geopark, Sabah
Authors: Dani J.L , Mojiol A.R , Fatt B.S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine the willingness to pay (WTP) of visitors to pay an entrance fee for conservation purposes in Serinsim Substation, Kinabalu Geopark. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was put into the application as the elicitation method. A total of 161 respondents were distributed using convenience sampling; however, 11 questionnaires were not usable because respondents did not completely answer them. An open-ended eliciting method was adopted and multiple linear regression was used to analyse the contingent valuation method analysis. The result shows that a total of 113 (75.3%) respondents are willing to pay more for the admission fee if the conservation fee were to be increased, while 37 (24.7%) respondents are unwilling to pay more. In addition, age and frequency of visits are the independent variables that have the greatest impact on visitors’ willingness to make. Admission fees can be increased to generate more revenue for Serinsim Substation’s efforts to conserve resources.
Performance of glued laminated timber (glulam) made from Rubberwood with different lamina assembly patterns and adhesive spreads rates
Authors: Hermawan A , Mohammad Sofi A Z , Roszalli M N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Glued laminated timber (glulam) is a great building material with strong mechanical properties that comprises laminated layers of wood (lamina) glued together with long-lasting structural adhesives. As the supply of large dimensional lumber for construction projects has been in shortage, glulam is the ideal material to replace the lumber because it can be made in various sizes and shapes, including unique arches using relatively small dimensional lumber. This research aims to investigate the effects of different lamina assembly patterns and adhesive spread rates on the physical and mechanical properties of rubberwood glulam. For this purpose, the lab scale of the 3-ply glulam was made from homogenous grades lamina of low-MOE, average-MOE, and high-MOE. In addition, the lab scale of the 3-ply glulam was also produced from mixed grades lamina of low-high-low-MOE and high-low-high-MOE. The glulam was tested to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties based on the Japanese Industrial Standards for glulam (JAS 234-2003). The results show that the lamina assembly patterns significantly affect the mechanical properties of the glulam. Accordingly, the glulam made from a high-MOE lamina at its compression and tension surfaces has the best mechanical properties compared to that made from the other assembly patterns. In addition, although the difference was insignificant, the results showed that adhesive spread rate has positively affected the mechanical properties of the glulam. The results showed that Rubberwood has the potential to be used as raw material for glulam production.
Bidens pilosa as potential biofungicide against postharvest pathogens on two agroforestry cash crops
Authors: Marin M B , Piape J V , Detalla M E B , Dargantes S M T , Alinapon C V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An in vivo experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, CMU, Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines on corn and peanut seeds in order to assess the antifungal effects of the different concentrations of powdered Bidens pilosa leaves against postharvest pathogens. B. pilosa powder was thoroughly mixed at varying amounts as treatments to corn and peanut seeds and observed for the presence of fungal growths during the observation period of up to 35 days. Data gathering revealed the occurrence of 5 fungal species namely Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium sp., Rhizopus sp., and M. phaseolina. The best antifungal treatment is the chemical fungicide Captan, however, T5 (30 g of B. pilosa/kilo of seeds) shows the potential to inhibit the growth of A. flavus, Rhizopus sp., and A. niger in corn while T4 (20 g of B. pilosa/kilo of seeds) had the potential to inhibit or prevent the growth of the two Aspergillus spp. in peanut. It was also noted that for corn, the least fungal count with a value of 1.00 was noted in T5 (30 g of B. pilosa/kilo of seeds) while for peanut, T4 (20 g of B. pilosa/kilo of seeds) had the potential to limit the growth of pathogenic fungi with a fungal count value of 1.33. The application of B. pilosa did not affect significantly the percentage germination of corn but with peanut, T5 (30 g of B. pilosa/kilo of seeds) shows a promising performance. On Seedling Vigor Index (SVI), the application of B. pilosa did not significantly influence the SVI of corn but for peanut, T5 (30 g of B. pilosa/kilo of seeds) has shown potential as it shows a better performance as compared with the other treatments. In this research, B. pilosa exhibited its potential as a biofungicide.
Potential of non-timber agroforestry products for livelihood of Taubuid in Sitio Tamisan, Poypoy, Calintaan, Occidental Mindoro, Philippines
Authors: Orpiano R G , Salamanca J V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Employing descriptive method, this study explored the potential of non-timber agroforestry products as sources for livelihood of Tau-buid in Sitio Tamisan, Poypoy, Calintaan, Occidental Mindoro. A total of 80 Tau-buid were interviewed using an interview schedule. Data gathered were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and rank. The Tau-buid respondents were mostly males at prime working age; married with household as source of labor; speak local languages; no formal education; cultivate own farm; and affiliated to an organization. They obtained food and income from fruits, cereals, root crops, vegetables, honey, pig, chicken, bassinet, cogon, bilao, bulrush, bamboo, broom, and basket from forest and agroforestry farms. Banana, rice and cassava were top three food products while bassinet, cogon and bilao were the three non-food products, which have the potential to become livelihood activities of the Tau-buid. Nevertheless, they had problems on weeds, rats and birds, pest and diseases, drought, and wildfire. Hand weeding; use of “binsik”; crop rotation and diversification; water harvesting facility; and fire breaks were suggested solutions. Training and seminars to capacitate the Tau-buid deems necessary, such as in processing of products; which may be provided by concerned organizations. High value products out of non-timber products would offer high income.
Antimicrobial performances of Ganoderma lucidum extract against fruits and leaves pathogens
Authors: Saludares G G , Amper C D , Lituanas I M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is a rich source of unique compounds and has several properties including antifungals and contains different types of biologically active substances that are effective against different types of plant diseases. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the antimicrobial potential of G. lucidum extract. Ganoderma concentrations [5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 100% (pure Ganoderma extract)] were applied using the poison food technique. The different test pathogens were the following: Colletotrichum capsici, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum coccodes, Fusarium sp., Pestalotiopsis palmarum, and Alternaria solani. Results on the antimicrobial performances of Ganoderma lucidum extract against the test pathogens, the highest percentage inhibition was observed in A. solani (A6) with 46.73%. On the other hand, the purified extract (100%) of G. lucidum recorded the highest percent growth inhibition against the different test pathogens with 68.68%. Based on the effect of treatment combinations on fungus growth inhibition after incubation, the purified extract (100%) of G. lucidum recorded the highest percent growth inhibition against, C. gloeosporioides with 100% and followed by A. solani with a comparable result of 94.40%. Based on the findings, Ganoderma extracts tested (5%, 10%, 15%; 20%, and 100%) varied in the ability and persistence of their antifungal effects against the test plant pathogenic fungi. The findings of this study stipulate evidence that pure extract (100%) of Ganoderma successfully inhibited the mycelia growth of some of the test pathogens (C. gloeosporioides, A. solani, and C. capsici) which has comparable results to the Positive control (Fungide-Daconil). The antifungal activity of the different concentrations of G. lucidum variedly suppressed the growth of the plant pathogenic fungi differently.
Microbial technology improved the biomass and root-shoot ratio of a multipurpose tree species: A potential biological solution for degraded agroforest ecosystems
Authors: Gestiada E C , Aggangan N S 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoor soil health adversely affects farming and forestry sectors worldwide. Microbial fertilizers can improve the plant-soil continuum in degraded ecosystem. In this research, the soil microbiome, plant biomass and root-shoot ratio of 2 mo-oldBauhinia purpurea, transplanted on aseptic soil + sand mixture (1:1) upon inoculation with 5 g of AMF (MYKOCAP®, coded as MCAP and MYKORICH®, coded as MRICH), with or without NFB (Bio-NTM, coded as Bio-N) amendment, were investigated.B. purpurea (Fabaceae), is an important reforestation and fodder species for livestock. The total plant biomass ranged from 18.90 g - 23.33 g, and highest in MRICH. Root-shoot ratio in Bio-N (0.58) was 23.4% higher than the Control. MCAP and Bio-N had increased sporulation and root colonization and NFB communities, respectively. Spore count can explain 32.9% change in primary roots biomass(p=0.013, r2=0.573), while root colonization can explain the 28.3%(p=0.023, r2=0.532), 47.9%(p=0.001, r2=0.692), 48.7%(p=0.001, r2=0.698), 26.5%(p=0.029, r2=0.514), and 39.4%(p=0.005, r2=0.628)change in total biomass, stem biomass, shoot biomass, primary roots biomass, and root biomass, respectively. Microbial fertilizers had increased the biomass and root-shoot ratio ofB. purpurea, 90 days after inoculation. Microbial technology and multipurpose tree-based agroforestry are promising biological solutions for degraded agroforest ecosystems.
Chromosome and bands: comparative cytogenetics of the morphotypes ofAmeerega trivittata(Anura: Dendrobatidae)
Authors: Koch Esteban Diego , Feldberg Eliana , Pinangé Diego Sotero de Barros , Viana Patrik , Goll Leonardo Gusso , Traldi Josiane Baccarin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAmeerega trivittata is a widely distributed dendrobatid species with colour polymorphism for which only the diploid number, nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and heterochromatic pattern are known. Here, we investigated the existence of cytogenetic structure in A. trivittata populations with different morphotypes. Four morphotypes and their geographical distributions were defined. All the individuals have 24 chromosomes and a similar heterochromatic pattern, the same location of telomeric regions and 5S rDNA. The NOR site was coincident with the 18S rDNA in pair 9, but some individuals presented an additional site in one of the homologues of pair 11. The highest variation was found in the microsatellite distribution patterns. Comparing the cytogenetic characters of the individuals, two groups were detected: (1) Tabatinga (morphotype B) and Benjamin Constant (morphotype A), and (2) Presidente Figueiredo and Tefé (morphotype C). The cytogenetic data appear to be correlated to the structure pattern of the morphotypes, and corroborate the dispersal routes proposed in the literature. This is the first study of population cytogenetics for the group. Our results provide a series of cytogenetic characters for A. trivittata and for Dendrobatidae for the first time and highlight the importance of considering cytogenetics in population research.
Body size and the architecture of the visual system in crepuscular and diurnal bees
Authors: Araújo Priscila , de Almeida Caetano Carolina , Schlindwein Clemens , Alves-Dos-Santos Isabel , Mota Theo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCrepuscular bees have larger compound eyes, ommatidia and ocelli than diurnal bees. These visual adaptations allow these bees to forage during twilight. While the sizes of visual organs are positively correlated with body size in diurnal bees, this relationship is as yet unclear in crepuscular bees. Here we measured the sizes of the ocellus; compound eyes; ommatidial density; and dorsal, frontal and ventral facets of 11 phylogenetically related bee species with different temporal patterns. We tested whether and how each of these visual attributes is correlated with body size and/or temporal pattern. Except for ommatidial density and size of the frontal ommatidia, which are similar in crepuscular bees of different sizes, we found that all other visual variables in diurnal and crepuscular bees are correlated with both body size and temporal pattern. The lower variability in ommatidial density among crepuscular bees suggests that their eyes operate on the threshold between light sensitivity and visual acuity. Furthermore, similar frontal ommatidial sizes in bees of different sizes indicate that this eye region is under higher evolutionary pressure in small than in large crepuscular bees to ensure light sensitivity. Finally, those crepuscular bees from different families convergently share the same visual characteristics.
Nonparametric estimation of the intensity function of a spatial point process on a Riemannian manifold
Authors: Ward S , Battey H S , Cohen E A K 
Published: February 2023

SummaryThis paper is concerned with nonparametric estimation of the intensity function of a point process on a Riemannian manifold. It provides a first-order asymptotic analysis of the proposed kernel estimator for Poisson processes, supplemented by empirical work to probe the behaviour in finite samples and under other generative regimes. The investigation highlights the scope for finite-sample improvements by allowing the bandwidth to adapt to local curvature.
Distimake vitifolius (Convolvulaceae): reclassification of a widespread species in view of phylogenetics and convergent pollen evolution
Authors: Pisuttimarn Ponprom , Simões Ana Rita Giraldes , Petrongari Fernanda Satori , Simão-Bianchini RosâNgela , Barbosa Juliana Cruz Jardim , de Man Ine , Fonseca Luiz Henrique Martins , Janssens Steven B , Patil Sujit B , Shimpale Vinod B , Pornpongrungrueng Pimwadee , Leliaert Frederik , Chatrou Lars W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Distimake vitifolius comb. nov. (Convolvulaceae), currently treated as Camonea vitifolia, is a common and widespread species in South-East Asia. A recent study on the re-delimitation of the genus Merremia classified its species into six genera. The results of molecular phylogenetic analyses and the presence of hexazonocolpate pollen informed the transfer of Merremia vitifolia to Camonea. We present new molecular, morphological and palynological data and reinterpret previous results, demonstrating that the species should be classified in Distimake instead, reflecting the phylogenetic relationships of the species. Thus, the occurrence of hexazonocolpate pollen in both Distimake and Camonea is found to be the result of the convergent evolution of this apertural pattern in ‘Merremieae’, with implications for pollen evolution studies in the family. We formally transfer Camonea vitifolia to Distimake and present this reclassification as an example of the relevance of reciprocal reinterpretation of different sources of evidence in systematic studies.
Analysis of Dynamic Efficacy Endpoints of the Nix-TB Trial
Authors: Solans Belén P , Imperial Marjorie Z , Olugbosi Morounfolu , Savic Rada M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Safer, better, and shorter treatments for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) are an urgent global health need. The phase 3 clinical trial Nix-TB (NCT02333799) tested a 6-month treatment of MDR and XDR-TB consisting of high-dose linezolid, bedaquiline, and pretomanid (BPaL). In this study, we investigate the relationship between the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drugs, patient characteristics and efficacy endpoints from Nix-TB.

Methods
Pharmacokinetic data were collected at weeks 2, 8, and 16. Efficacy endpoints including treatment outcomes, time to stable culture conversion, and longitudinal time to positivity in the mycobacterial growth indicator tube assay were each characterized using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Relationships between patient, treatment pharmacokinetics, and disease characteristics and efficacy endpoints were evaluated.

Results
Data from 93 (85% of the total) participants were analyzed. Higher body mass index was associated with a lower incidence of unfavorable treatment outcomes. Median time to stable culture conversion was 3 months in patients with lower baseline burden compared with 4.5 months in patients with high baseline burden. Participants with minimal disease had steeper time to positivity trajectories compared with participants with high-risk phenotypes. No relationship between any drugs’ pharmacokinetics (drug concentration or exposure metrics) and any efficacy outcomes was observed.

Conclusions
We have successfully described efficacy endpoints of a BPaL regimen from the Nix-TB trial. Participants with high-risk phenotypes significantly delayed time to culture conversion and bacterial clearance. The lack of a relationship between pharmacokinetic exposures and pharmacodynamic biomarkers opens the possibility to use lower, safer doses, particularly for toxicity-prone linezolid.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02333799.
Recruitment and Residence of Intestinal T Cells – Lessons for Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Gordon Hannah , Rodger Beverley , Lindsay James O , Stagg Andrew J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Targeting leukocyte trafficking in the management of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] has been a significant therapeutic advance over the past 15 years. However, as with other advanced therapies, phase III clinical trials report response to trafficking inhibitors in only a proportion of patients, with fewer achieving clinical remission or mucosal healing. Additionally, there have been significant side effects, most notably progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in association with the α4 inhibitor natalizumab.
This article reviews the mechanisms underpinning T cell recruitment and residence, to provide a background from which the strength and limitations of agents that disrupt leukocyte trafficking can be further explored.
The therapeutic impact of trafficking inhibitors is underpinned by the complexity and plasticity of the intestinal immune response. Pathways essential for gut homing in health may be bypassed in the inflamed gut, thus providing alternative routes of entry when conventional homing molecules are targeted. Furthermore, there is conservation of trafficking architecture between proinflammatory and regulatory T cells. The persistence of resident memory cells within the gut gives rise to local established pro-inflammatory populations, uninfluenced by inhibition of trafficking. Finally, trafficking inhibitors may give rise to effects beyond the intended response, such as the impact of vedolizumab on innate immunity, as well as on target side effects.
With significant research efforts into predictive biomarkers already underway, it is ultimately hoped that a better understanding of trafficking and residence will help us predict which patients are most likely to respond to inhibition of leukocyte trafficking, and how best to combine therapies.
Psychometric properties of self-reported measures of self-management for chronic heart failure patients: a systematic review
Authors: Chen Yu , Lu Minmin , Jia Lingying 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study is to identify and assess the psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of self-management for chronic heart failure (CHF) patients.

Methods and results
Eleven databases and two websites were searched from the inception to 1 June 2022. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) risk of bias checklist was used to assess the methodological quality. The COSMIN criteria were used to rate and summarize the psychometric properties of each PROM. The modified Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation was used to assess the certainty of evidence. In total, 43 studies reported on the psychometric properties of 11 PROMs. Structural validity and internal consistency were the parameters evaluated most frequently. Limited information was identified on hypotheses testing for construct validity, reliability, criterion validity, and responsiveness. No data regarding measurement error and cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance were achieved. High-quality evidence on psychometric properties was provided for Self-care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) v6.2, SCHFI v7.2, and European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior Scale 9-item (EHFScBS-9).

Conclusion
Based on the findings from the included studies, SCHFI v6.2, SCHFI v7.2, and EHFScBS-9 could be recommended to evaluate self-management for CHF patients. Further studies are necessary to evaluate more psychometric properties, such as measurement error, cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance, responsiveness, and criterion validity, and carefully evaluate the content validity.

Registration
PROSPERO CRD42022322290