bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preterm birth characteristics and outcomes in Portugal, between 2010 and 2018—A cross‐sectional sequential study
Authors: Elias Cecília , Nogueira Paulo Jorge , Sousa Paulo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionAccording to the World Health Organization, 11% of all children are born prematurely, representing 15 million births annually. An extensive analysis on preterm birth, from extreme to late prematurity and associated deaths, has not been published. The authors characterize premature births in Portugal, between 2010 and 2018, according to gestational age, geographic distribution, month, multiple gestations, comorbidities, and outcomes.MethodsA sequential, cross‐sectional, observational epidemiologic study was conducted, and data were collected from the Hospital Morbidity Database, an anonymous administrative database containing information on all hospitalizations in National Health Service hospitals in Portugal, and coded according to the ICD‐9‐CM (International Classification of Diseases), until 2016, and ICD‐10 subsequently. Data from the National Institute of Statistics was utilized to compare the Portuguese population. Data were analyzed using R software.ResultsIn this 9‐year study, 51.316 births were preterm, representing an overall prematurity rate of 7.7%. Under 29 weeks, birth rates varied between 5.5% and 7.6%, while births between 33 and 36 weeks varied between 76.9% and 81.0%. Urban districts presented the highest preterm rates. Multiple births were 8× more likely preterm and accounted for 37%–42% of all preterm births. Preterm birth rates slightly increased in February, July, August, and October. Overall, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), sepsis, and intraventricular hemorrhage were the most common morbidities. Preterm mortality rates varied significantly with gestational age.ConclusionIn Portugal, 1 in 13 babies was born prematurely. Prematurity was more common in predominantly urban districts, a surprise finding that warrants further studies. Seasonal preterm variation rates also require further analysis and modelling to factor in heat waves and low temperatures. A decrease in the case rate of RDS and sepsis was observed. Compared with previously published results, preterm mortality per gestational age decreased; however, further improvements are attainable in comparison with other countries.
A meta‐analysis of neurofeedback for treating substance use disorders
Authors: Russo G. Michael , Smith Samantha , Sperandio Katharine R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of neurofeedback (NFB) in the treatment of individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) in between‐group studies. This study reports findings from the first exhaustive search of the literature on the topic and included articles selected from a total of 58 databases/repositories. Studies were evaluated using Hedge's g as the effect size measure and were assessed for risk of bias using funnel plot, Fail‐Safe N, and Trim and Fill analysis. Ten studies, containing 30 effect sizes were evaluated to determine the overall efficacy of NFB for decreasing symptoms of SUD (N = 397), yielding a mean effect size of g = –1.49 (CI 95 = –1.95, –1.03; PI 95 = –4.37 to 1.39). This meta‐analysis provides strong evidence for the efficacy of NFB in treating SUD while also highlighting the value of wholistic client care in SUD treatment.
A general expression for the statistical error in a diffusion coefficient obtained from a solid‐state molecular‐dynamics simulation
Authors: Usler Adrian L. , Kemp Dennis , Bonkowski Alexander , De Souza Roger A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnalysis of the mean squared displacement of species , , as a function of simulation time constitutes a powerful method for extracting, from a molecular‐dynamics (MD) simulation, the tracer diffusion coefficient, . The statistical error in is seldom considered, and when it is done, the error is generally underestimated. In this study, we examined the statistics of curves generated by solid‐state diffusion by means of kinetic Monte Carlo sampling. Our results indicate that the statistical error in depends, in a strongly interrelated way, on the simulation time, the cell size, and the number of relevant point defects in the simulation cell. Reducing our results to one key quantity—the number of particles that have jumped at least once—we derive a closed‐form expression for the relative uncertainty in . We confirm the accuracy of our expression through comparisons with self‐generated MD diffusion data. With the expression, we formulate a set of simple rules that encourage the efficient use of computational resources for MD simulations.
Pyrite (FeS2)‐decorated 1D TiO2 nanotubes in a bilayer as a sustainable photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting activity
Authors: Alam Noor , Zahid Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, FeS2@TiO2 nanotubes photocatalyst was prepared by electrochemical anodization method followed by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method, and then finally annealed in a tube furnace for homogenous crystallization. The surface morphology, elemental composition, optical properties, and crystalline structure of the prepared FeS2@TiO2 nanocomposite were found out by performing scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy, respectively, while bonds vibrations and various functional groups' presence were analyzed using Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A higher photocurrent density of 1.59 mA/cm2 at 0.3 V versus reference electrode of Ag/AgCl (1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode) using 100 mW/cm2 intensive light source was shown by 15‐FeS2@TiO2 nanotubes (uniformly loaded photoanode) while donor density (ND) of 3.68 × 10−13 cm−3 as compared to pure TiO2 NTs (0.09 mA/cm2), 05‐FeS2@TiO2 NTs (0.19 mA/cm2), 10‐FeS2@TiO2 NTs (0.53 mA/cm2) and 20‐FeS2@TiO2 NTs (0.61 mA/cm2), respectively. The exceptional photoelectrochemical activity results were attributed to the homogenous integration of FeS2 that not only increase the charge separation but also, intensively interacted with the substrate (TiO2 nanotubes), which results in an excellent photoelectrochemical activity.
Coordination challenges and promising practices for pediatric healthcare‐community partnerships: A multi‐site study
Authors: Spain Angeline K. , Korfmacher Jon , McCrae Julie S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere have been delays integrating universal screening and referral for social needs in pediatric practice. The study investigated two frameworks for clinic‐based screen‐and‐refer practice in eight clinics. The frameworks depict different organizational strategies to bolster family access to community resources.We conducted semi‐structured interviews with healthcare and community partners at two timepoints (n = 65) to investigate start‐up and ongoing implementation experiences, including continuing challenges.Results highlighted common within‐clinic and clinic‐community coordination challenges across diverse settings as well as promising practices supported by the two frameworks. In addition, we identified ongoing implementation challenges that face efforts to integrate these approaches and to translate screening results into activities that help children and families.Assessing the existing service referral coordination infrastructure of each clinic and community in early implementation is critical to screen‐and‐refer practice as this influences the continuum of supports available to meet family needs.
Self‐perceived employability and entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions: Evidence from six countries
Authors: Knezović Emil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions have been a hot topic recently, the role of self‐perceived employability has been neglected. This study investigates the relationship between self‐perceived employability and entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial intentions. The relationship was tested using structural equation modeling based on the primary data from 1264 participants in six countries. The results show that self‐perceived employability is significantly related to entrepreneurial intentions in all countries and intrapreneurial intentions in four out of six. The findings contribute to the neglected role of self‐perceived employability, based on which several implications have been provided.
Muramyl dipeptide alleviates estrogen deficiency‐induced osteoporosis through canonical Wnt signaling
Authors: Park Ok‐Jin , Kwon Yeongkag , Kim Jiseon , Park Chaeyeon , Yun Cheol‐Heui , Han Seung Hyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWnt signaling is a positive regulator of bone formation through the induction of osteoblast differentiation and down‐regulation of osteoclast differentiation. We previously reported that muramyl dipeptide (MDP) increases bone volume by increasing osteoblast activity and attenuating osteoclast activity in receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoporotic model mice. In this study, we investigated whether MDP could alleviate post‐menopausal osteoporosis through Wnt signaling regulation in an ovariectomy (OVX)‐induced mouse osteoporosis model. MDP‐administered OVX mice exhibited higher bone volume and bone mineral density than mice of the control group. MDP significantly increased P1NP in the serum of OVX mice, implying increased bone formation. The expression of pGSK3β and β‐catenin in the distal femur of OVX mice was lower than that in the distal femur of sham‐operated mice. Yet, the expression of pGSK3β and β‐catenin was increased in MDP‐administered OVX mice compared with OVX mice. In addition, MDP increased the expression and transcriptional activity of β‐catenin in osteoblasts. MDP inhibited the proteasomal degradation of β‐catenin via the down‐regulation of its ubiquitination by GSK3β inactivation. When osteoblasts were pretreated with Wnt signaling inhibitors, DKK1 or IWP‐2, the induction of pAKT, pGSK3β, and β‐catenin was not observed. In addition, nucleotide oligomerization domain‐containing protein 2‐deficient osteoblasts were not sensitive to MDP. MDP‐administered OVX mice exhibited fewer tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‐positive cells than did OVX mice, attributed to a decrease in the RANKL/OPG ratio. In conclusion, MDP alleviates estrogen deficiency‐induced osteoporosis through canonical Wnt signaling and could be an effective therapeutic for the treatment of post‐menopausal bone loss. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Effect of graphene and MXene as 2D filler material on physico‐mechanical properties of hemp/E‐glass fibers reinforced hybrid composite: A comparative study
Authors: Priyadarshini Saigeeta , Soren Shatrughan , Durga Geeta 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present study concentrates on the mechanical, morphological, water absorption and burning behavior of hemp/E‐glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites (FRHC). The surface adhesive characteristics of the acquired bi‐directional hemp fiber mats were enhanced by treating them with an alkali solution. Furthermore, the present work extends to identify the effects of two 2‐dimensional graphene and MXene nanoparticles as filler on the hardness, flexural and tensile behavior as well as water absorption and flammability characteristics of the FRHC. The glass fiber (G), hemp fiber (H), and hemp/glass (G/H) fiber reinforced epoxy LY556 laminates were fabricated by using the hand lay‐up method followed by the vacuum bagging approach. A 30% and 12% increase in the flexural and tensile strength of the H/G hybrid composite has been observed by adding 1% of graphene as an additional reinforcement compared with the neat FRHC. However, the use of MXene as additional reinforcements shows 45% and 10% enhancement in the flexural and tensile strength of the H/G hybrid composite. In addition, the water absorption capacity of MXene‐filled G/H hybrid composites is found to be almost half of that filled with graphene. Similarly, the flammability results reveal that the burning rate of graphene‐reinforced H/G hybrid composite is 17.44 mm/min. When comparing the mechanical, water absorption, and flammability characteristics of graphene and MXene‐reinforced G/H hybrid composites, graphene gives more intensifying results than MXene. The scanning electron microscopic studies are also incorporated to investigate the fractured surface topography of the FRHC.
Tensile properties and failure mechanism of enhanced carbon nanotube/epoxy resin composite strips
Authors: Yue Chengming , Li Huigai , Xu Weihao , Zhang Yan , Wang Ping , Lyu Weibang , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCarbon nanotube strips (CNTSs) can be used as preforms for developing high performance nanocomposites. Herein, CNT/epoxy resin (EP) composite strips with different orientations and densities were prepared by three structural treatment methods including infiltrating EP into CNTS, stretching, and pressing. Their tensile properties and failure mechanisms were analyzed. Stretching and pressing induced rearrangement of CNTs and proper resin infiltration could increase load transfer between CNTs within CNTS. Tensile strength of composite strips prepared under stretching and pressing was nine times higher than that of pristine CNTSs. Failure mechanism shifted from massive bundles pullout to brittle fracture due to polymer sticking.
Real world co‐prescribing contraindicated drugs with fluconazole and itraconazole
Authors: Je Nam Kyung , Youm Sangsu , Chun Pusoon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate co‐prescribing of contraindicated drugs with fluconazole and itraconazole using real‐world nationwide data.MethodsThis retrospective cross‐sectional study was performed using claims data collected by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of Korea during 2019–2020. To determine the drugs that should be avoided in patients taking fluconazole or itraconazole, Lexicomp® and Micromedex® were used. The co‐prescribed medications, co‐prescription rates, and potential clinical consequences of the contraindicated drug–drug interactions (DDIs) were investigated.ResultsOf the 197 118 prescriptions of fluconazole, 2847 co‐prescriptions with drugs classified as contraindicated DDI by either Micromedex® or Lexicomp® were identified. Further, of the 74 618 prescriptions of itraconazole, 984 co‐prescriptions with contraindicated DDI were identified. Solifenacin (34.9%), clarithromycin (18.1%), alfuzosin (15.1%), and donepezil (10.4%) were frequently found in the co‐prescriptions of fluconazole, whereas tamsulosin (40.4%), solifenacin (21.3%), rupatadine (17.8%), and fluconazole (8.8%) were frequently found in the co‐prescriptions of itraconazole. In 1105 and 95 co‐prescriptions of fluconazole and itraconazole, accounting for 31.3% of all co‐prescriptions, potential DDIs were associated with a risk of corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation. Of the total 3831 co‐prescriptions, 2959 (77.2%) and 785 (20.5%) were classified as contraindicated DDI by Micromedex® alone and by Lexicomp® alone, respectively, whereas 87 (2.3%) were classified as contraindicated DDI by both Micromedex® and Lexicomp®.ConclusionsMany co‐prescriptions were associated with the risk of DDI‐related QTc prolongation, warranting the attention of healthcare providers. Narrowing the discrepancy between databases that provide information on DDIs is required for optimized medicine usage and patient safety.
Resistance‐driven innovations in the discovery of bactericides: novel triclosan derivatives decorating isopropanolamine moiety as promising anti‐biofilm agents against destructive plant bacterial diseases
Authors: Zhang Jiao‐Jiao , Feng Yu‐Mei , Zhang Jun‐Rong , Xiao Wan‐Lin , Liu Shuai‐Shuai , Zhou Xiang , Zhang Heng , Wang Pei‐Yi , Liu Li‐Wei , Yang Song 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDControlling bacterial infections in plants is a major challenge owing to the appearance of resistant strains. As a physical barrier, the bacterial biofilm helps bacterial infections acquire drug resistance by enabling bacteria to accommodate complex and volatile environmental conditions and avoid bactericidal effects. Thus, developing new antibacterial agents with antibiofilm potency is imperative.RESULTSA series of simple triclosan derivatives containing isopropanolamine moiety were elaborately designed and assessed for their antibacterial behavior. Bioassay results showed that some title compounds had excellent bioactivity against three destructive bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). Notably, compound C8 displayed high bioactivities toward Xoo and Xac, with EC50 values were 0.34 and 2.11 μg mL−1, respectively. In vivo trials revealed that compound C8 exhibited excellent protective activities against rice bacterial blight and citrus bacterial canker at 200 μg mL−1, with control effectivenesses of 49.57% and 85.60%, respectively. Compound A4 had remarkably inhibitory activity toward Psa, with an EC50 value of 2.63 μg mL−1, and demonstrated outstanding protective activity with a value of 77.23% against Psa in vivo. Antibacterial mechanisms indicated that compound C8 dose‐dependently prevented biofilm formation and extracellular polysaccharide production. C8 also significantly weakened the motility and pathogenicity of Xoo.CONCLUSIONThis study contributes to the development and excavation of novel bactericidal candidates with broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity by targeting bacterial biofilm to control refractory plant bacterial diseases. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Hierarchical bipartite formation tracking of networked perturbed robotic systems with nonlinear state‐to‐output mappings
Authors: Ge Ming‐Feng , Huang Kai‐Lun , Hu Wenfeng , Yang Chunhua , Liang Chang‐Duo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the hierarchical bipartite formation tracking (HBFT) problem of the networked perturbed robotic system (NPRS) with dynamical uncertainties, actuator faults and nonlinear state‐to‐output mappings. Different from the traditional single‐layer formation tracking problems based on only cooperative interconnections, solving the HBFT problem implies that (a) the robots of the NPRS are divided into two layers of subnetworks, where the ones in subnetwork 1 can directly interconnect with the leader, those in subnetwork 2 can only interconnect with each other or subnetwork 1, and the ones in the different subnetworks form hierarchical formations; (b) each formation is further grouped into two complementary sets according to the cooperative and antagonistic interconnections, where the robots of each formation forms two opposite subformations; (c) for the same subnetwork, the geometric centers of the two subformations track the positive and negative states of the leader respectively. The positive state equals to the leader state, and the negative state has the elements with the same absolute value and opposite sign of the corresponding one in the leader state. Then, a uniform cooperative observer‐based fault‐tolerant control (COFTC) algorithm is designed to solve these challenging problem. By employing the Lyapunov theory, the sufficient conditions are derived for guaranteeing the convergence of the proposed COFTC algorithm. Eventually, simulation results are performed on NPRS to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Evaluation of Neuroprotective and Adjuvant Activities of Diketopiperazine‐Based Peptidomimetics
Authors: Deigin Vladislav , Premyslova Marina , Ksenofontova Olga , Yatskin Oleg , Volpina Olga 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOral delivery of peptide pharmaceuticals has long been a fundamental challenge in drug development. A new chemical platform has been developed based on branched 2,5‐diketopiperazines for creating orally active peptidomimetics. The platform includes a diketopiperazine bio‐carrier with “built‐in” functionally active peptide fragments or molecules coupled via linkers, transforming it into an orally available compound displaying the same type of activity. Based on this approach, we prepared several compounds that exhibit hemostimulating, hemosuppressing, and adjuvant activity. In this work, we screened the activity of substituted piperazine‐2,5‐dione derivatives in two experimental models: human neuroblastoma MC‐65 cells and as an adjuvant in response to ovalbumin invasion. As a result, some original cyclopeptide derivatives have demonstrated neuroprotective and adjuvant activity. The maximum neuroprotective activity was shown by cyclo‐[Glu(Ile)Glu(Trp)] and cyclo‐[AlaGlu(Trp)]; branched cyclopeptides containing a disaccharide component cyclo‐[L–Lys(N‐acetyl‐Glucosamine‐N‐acetyl‐muramyl)‐L‐Glu(L‐Trp‐OH)] and palmitic acid cyclo‐[L–Lys (Palmitoyl)‐L‐Glu(L‐Trp‐OH)] showed the highest adjuvant activity.
CFD simulation of a shell and multiple tubes condensing heat exchanger in a modified microwave plant applied for reprocessing End of Life Tires (ELTs)
Authors: Babaei‐Mahani Roohollah , Sardari Pouyan Talebizadeh , Soltani Salman Masoudi , Mohammed Hayder I. , Kuncewicz Zbigniew , Starr Christine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe condensation heat exchanger has a critical role in the microwave reduction process to separate and capture valuable by‐products after the microwave reactor. This study aims to perform a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of a condenser to assess the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger comprehensively. The type of heat exchanger used for this study is based upon an existing industrial‐scale condenser taken from a conventional thermal pyrolysis end of tires (ELT) reprocessing plant and repurposed for integration into a 1500 kg/h ELT microwave reduction process. The condenser is a shell‐and‐multiple‐tube heat exchanger in which the syngas passes through the tubes while cold water from a cooling tower is placed inside the shell. After the simulation, the effects of inlet temperatures and mass flow rates of the gas and water are investigated. The results show that the heat transfer rate is 58 kW for the inlet air velocity of 0.25 m/s and increases due to the convective heat transfer by 32% and 55% when the air velocity rises to 0.5 and 1 m/s, respectively, for the inlet gas and water temperatures of 80 and 15°C, respectively. Additionally, because the outlet air temperature and the inlet water temperature are strongly correlated with convective heat transfer, the outlet air temperature is equivalent to 17.2, 22.3, and 29.5°C when the inlet water temperature is 15, 20, and 25°C, respectively.