bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of web perforation size and shapes on structural behavior: a finite element analysis
Authors: De’nan Fatimah , Wai Chong Shek , Hashim Nor Salwani 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Various designs of corrugated webs include trapezoidal, sinusoidal, triangular and rectangular profiles. The increasing use of curved plates has prompted the creation of I-sections made of steel with a corrugated web design. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an I-beam steel section that features a perforated-triangular web profile.

Design/methodology/approach
In the current study, finite element analysis was conducted on corrugated-perforated steel I-sections using ANSYS software. The study focused on inspecting the design of the perforations, including their shape (circle, square, hexagon, diamond and octagon), size of perforations (80 mm, 100 mm and 120 mm) and layout (the position of web perforation), as well as examining the geometric properties of the section in term of bending, lateral torsional buckling, torsion and shear behavior.

Findings
The study revealed that perforations with diamond, circle and hexagon shapes exhibit good performance, whereas the square shape performs poorly. Moreover, the steel section’s performance decreases with an increase in perforation size, regardless of loading conditions. In addition, the shape of the web perforations can also influence its stress distribution. For example, diamond-shaped perforations have been found to perform better than square-shaped perforations in terms of stress distribution and overall performance. This was because of their ability to distribute stress more evenly and provide greater support to the surrounding material. The diagonal alignment of the diamond shape aligns with principal stress directions, allowing for efficient load transfer and reduced stress concentrations. Additionally, diamond-shaped perforations offer a larger effective area, better shear transfer and improved strain redistribution, resulting in enhanced structural integrity and increased load-carrying capacity.

Originality/value
Hence, the presence of lateral-torsional buckling and torsional loading conditions significantly impacts the performance of corrugated-perforated steel I-sections.
Planning a large‐scale tabletop exercise to test Qatar's healthcare system readiness to respond to a major incident during the 2022 FIFA World Cup
Authors: Alinier Guillaume , Dacey Gillian , Segni Mohamed Aymen , McCabe Sheena , Dungan David R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article is an illustration of ‘Lessons from the Field’. The Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management has begun to present lessons coming from professionals engaged in crisis management. ‘Lessons for the Field’ provides insights that can be useful to other professionals. Moreover, ‘Lessons from the Field’ can stimulate ideas for researchers and provide resources for educators. Hosting a mega‐sporting event such as the International Federation of Football Associations (FIFA) World Cup presents many healthcare challenges, especially when organized over a small geographical area with many international supporters potentially increasing the country's normal population by 50%. This article presents how a system‐wide tabletop simulation exercise was planned to test Qatar's healthcare system's readiness to respond to a potential major incident during the FIFA World Cup. The healthcare system‐wide tabletop exercise lasted about 4 h with participants engaging in all the various facilities as expected. It provided opportunities for everyone to put their knowledge of major incident response and mass casualty management into practice. The exercise preparation ensured it ran smoothly for all participants who quickly understood how to engage in the activity. It enabled organizers and participants to identify potential gaps in systems and processes, but also in their own ability to manage such situation.
Medical examiner response to the drug overdose epidemic in King County Washington: “Real‐time” surveillance, data science, and applied forensic epidemiology
Authors: Harruff Richard C. , Yarid Nicole A. , Barbour William L. , Martin Yang H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs the overdose epidemic overwhelmed medicolegal death investigation offices and toxicology laboratories, the King County Medical Examiner's Office responded with “real‐time” fatal overdose surveillance to expedite death certification and information dissemination through assembling a team including a dedicated medicolegal death investigator, an information coordinator, and student interns. In‐house testing of blood, urine, and drug evidence from scenes was performed using equipment and supplies purchased for surveillance. Collaboration with state laboratories allowed validation. Applied forensic epidemiology accelerated data dissemination. From 2010 to 2022, the epidemic claimed 5815 lives in King County; the last 4 years accounted for 47% of those deaths. After initiating the surveillance project, in‐house testing was performed on blood from 2836 decedents, urine from 2807, and 4238 drug evidence items from 1775 death scenes. Time to complete death certificates decreased from weeks to months to hours to days. Overdose‐specific information was distributed weekly to a network of law enforcement and public health agencies. As the surveillance project tracked the epidemic, fentanyl and methamphetamine became dominant and were associated with other indicators of social deterioration. In 2022, fentanyl was involved in 68% of 1021 overdose deaths. Homeless deaths increased sixfold; in 2022, 67% of 311 homeless deaths were due to overdose; fentanyl was involved in 49% and methamphetamine in 44%. Homicides increased 250%; in 2021, methamphetamine was positive in 35% of 149 homicides. The results are relevant to the value of rapid surveillance, its impact on standard operations, selection of cases requiring autopsy, and collaboration with other agencies in overdose prevention.
Lessons from outperformance in the Indian financial sector
Authors: Goyal Ashima 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examine predictions and outcomes for the Indian financial sector in the pandemic period to (i) build a case for re‐examining our understanding of the sector and (ii) improve risk perceptions and policy design. Reasons for outperformance include reforms that led to a better balance between discretion from public sector dominance and the excess volatility of market‐based systems. This diversity, as well as divergence of the Indian credit cycle from the global credit cycle, was protective given the sustained external risks. It put the sector in a position to support the domestic recovery, despite global quantitative tightening. Public sector banks contribute to diversity. Non‐bank financial companies reach the unbanked sectors and improve financial inclusion. Regulatory excesses and absence of liquidity support contributed to persistence of financial stress. Policy lessons are for countries to avoid policy over‐reaction, aim for diversity, different types of exposures, some uniformity in financial sector regulation, with the appropriate balance between discipline and support, in order to reduce risks. There are lessons from India's more broad‐based regulation for the narrow bank‐based regulation in advanced economies, which is increasing global financial fragilities and risks. The share of markets has risen so much there that diversity is falling.
Anterior tooth autotransplantation: a case series
Authors: Ong DC‐V , Goh P , Dance G 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTooth autotransplantation is the technique of transplanting embedded, impacted or erupted teeth from one site into another in the same individual. It is relatively common for the anterior segment of the mouth to be affected by traumatic tooth injuries, impacted and/or congenitally missing permanent teeth. Autotransplantation of teeth into the anterior dental arch can provide unrivalled biological solutions when such issues arise in this critical aesthetic zone, particularly for adolescent patients. The combination of meticulous pre‐surgical assessment, synergistic interdisciplinary collaboration and carefully performed anterior tooth autotransplantation has been demonstrated to achieve impressive outcomes, with respect to both transplant survival and clinical success. © 2023 Australian Dental Association.
The origins and longevity of IgE responses as indicated by serological and cellular studies in mice and humans
Authors: Ding Zhoujie , Mulder Jesse , Robinson Marcus J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe existence of long‐lived IgE antibody‐secreting cells (ASC) is contentious, with the maintenance of sensitization by the continuous differentiation of short‐lived IgE+ ASC a possibility. Here, we review the epidemiological profile of IgE production, and give an overview of recent discoveries made on the mechanisms regulating IgE production from mouse models. Together, these data suggest that for most individuals, in most IgE‐associated diseases, IgE+ ASC are largely short‐lived cells. A subpopulation of IgE+ ASC in humans is likely to survive for tens of months, although due to autonomous IgE B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and antigen‐driven IgE+ ASC apoptosis, in general IgE+ ASC probably do not persist for the decades that other ASC are inferred to do. We also report on recently identified memory B cell transcriptional subtypes that are the likely source of IgE in ongoing responses, highlighting the probable importance of IL‐4Rα in their regulation. We suggest the field should look at dupilumab and other drugs that prohibit IgE+ ASC production as being effective treatments for IgE‐mediated aspects of disease in most individuals.
Collective cell dynamics and luminal fluid flow in the epididymis: A mechanobiological perspective
Authors: Lee Veronica , Hinton Barry T. , Hirashima Tsuyoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe mammalian epididymis is a specialized duct system that serves a critical role in sperm maturation and storage. Its distinctive, highly coiled tissue morphology provides a unique opportunity to investigate the link between form and function in reproductive biology. Although recent genetic studies have identified key genes and signaling pathways involved in the development and physiological functions of the epididymis, there has been limited discussion about the underlying dynamic and mechanical processes that govern these phenomena.AimsIn this review, we aim to address this gap by examining two key aspects of the epididymis across its developmental and physiological phases.Results and DiscussionFirst, we discuss how the complex morphology of the Wolffian/epididymal duct emerges through collective cell dynamics, including duct elongation, cell proliferation, and arrangement during embryonic development. Second, we highlight dynamic aspects of luminal fluid flow in the epididymis, essential for regulating the microenvironment for sperm maturation and motility, and discuss how this phenomenon emerges and interplays with epididymal epithelial cells.ConclusionThis review not only aims to summarize current knowledge but also to provide a starting point for further exploration of mechanobiological aspects related to the cellular and extracellular fluid dynamics in the epididymis.
Genetic variants causing G6PD deficiency: Clinical and biochemical data support new WHO classification
Authors: Nannelli Caterina , Bosman Andrea , Cunningham Jane , Dugué Pierre‐Antoine , Luzzatto Lucio 
Published: July 2023

SummaryGlucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in erythrocytes causes acute haemolytic anaemia upon exposure to fava beans, drugs, or infection; and it predisposes to neonatal jaundice. The polymorphism of the X‐linked G6PD gene has been studied extensively: allele frequencies of up to 25% of different G6PD deficient variants are known in many populations; variants that cause chronic non‐spherocytic haemolytic anaemia (CNSHA) are instead all rare. WHO recommends G6PD testing to guide 8‐aminoquinolines administration to prevent relapse of Plasmodium vivax infection. From a literature review focused on polymorphic G6PD variants we have retrieved G6PD activity values of 2291 males, and for the mean residual red cell G6PD activity of 16 common variants we have obtained reliable estimates, that range from 1.9% to 33%. There is variation in different datasets: for most variants most G6PD deficient males have a G6PD activity below 30% of normal. There is a direct relationship between residual G6PD activity and substrate affinity (KmG6P), suggesting a mechanism whereby polymorphic G6PD deficient variants do not entail CNSHA. Extensive overlap in G6PD activity values of individuals with different variants, and no clustering of mean values above or below 10% support the merger of class II and class III variants.
Circular RNA circ‐FIRRE interacts with HNRNPC to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by stabilizing GLI2 mRNA
Authors: Zhou Yongjia , Xue Xia , Luo Junwen , Li Peiwei , Xiao Zhaohua , Zhang Wenhao , Zhou Jie , Li Peichao , Zhao Jiangfeng , Ge Haibo , Tian Zhongxian , Zhao Xiaogang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence has shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) interact with RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) and promote cancer progression. However, the function and mechanism of the circRNA/RBP complex in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still largely unknown. Herein, we first characterized a novel oncogenic circRNA, circ‐FIRRE, by RNA sequencing (Ribo‐free) profiling of ESCC samples. Furthermore, we observed marked circ‐FIRRE overexpression in ESCC patients with high TNM stage and poor overall survival. Mechanistic studies indicated that circ‐FIRRE, as a platform, interacts with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (HNRNPC) protein to stabilize GLI2 mRNA by directly binding to its 3’‐UTR in the cytoplasm, thereby resulting in elevated GLI2 protein expression and subsequent transcription of its target genes MYC, CCNE1, and CCNE2, ultimately contributing to ESCC progression. Moreover, HNRNPC overexpression in circ‐FIRRE knockdown cells notably abolished circ‐FIRRE knockdown‐mediated Hedgehog pathway inhibition and ESCC progression impairment in vitro and in vivo. Clinical specimen results showed that circ‐FIRRE and HNRNPC expression was positively correlated with GLI2 expression, which reveals the clear significance of the circ‐FIRRE/HNRNPC‐GLI2 axis in ESCC. In summary, our results indicate that circ‐FIRRE could serve as a valuable biomarker and potential therapeutic target for ESCC and highlight a novel mechanism of the circ‐FIRRE/HNRNPC complex in ESCC progression regulation.
Do adolescent girls' relationships with their parents influence their perceptions of the therapeutic alliance and group climate in residential care?
Authors: Rollin Mégan , Pascuzzo Katherine , Lanctôt Nadine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdolescent girls placed in residential care are often the victims of childhood experiences of maltreatment. Their history of relational trauma may subsequently limit their ability to establish and maintain positive relationships with others, a central component for their development and adaptation. The goal of the present study was to determine the nature and strength of associations between adolescent girls' relationship quality with their parents at admission to care and their perceptions, 3 months later, of the therapeutic alliance and group climate within their unit. The sample consisted of 156 adolescent girls between the ages of 12 and 18 living in residential care. Path analysis using structural equation modelling examined significant associations between variables. Results revealed that adolescent girls' perceptions of greater relationship quality with their mothers were associated with more positive perceptions of (a) their therapeutic alliance with their mentor, (b) their relationships with other care workers, and (c) the care practices of their unit. Perceptions of greater relationship quality with their fathers were associated with more positive perceptions of their relationships with the other girls in their unit. Relationship quality with parents as a significant factor to consider in the context of out‐of‐home care for adolescents is discussed.
Cathepsin L regulates oocyte meiosis and preimplantation embryo development
Authors: Ezz Mohamed Aboul , Takahashi Masashi , Rivera Rocío Melissa , Balboula Ahmed Zaky 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEarly embryonic loss, caused by reduced embryo developmental competence, is the major cause of subfertility in humans and animals. This embryo developmental competence is determined during oocyte maturation and the first embryo divisions. Therefore, it is essential to identify the underlying molecules regulating these critical developmental stages. Cathepsin L (CTSL), a lysosomal cysteine protease, is involved in regulating cell cycle progression, proliferation and invasion of different cell types. However, CTSL role in mammalian embryo development is unknown. Using bovine in vitro maturation and culture systems, we show that CTSL is a key regulator for embryo developmental competence. We employed a specific CTSL detection assay in live cells to show that CTSL activity correlates with meiotic progression and early embryo development. Inhibiting CTSL activity during oocyte maturation or early embryo development significantly impaired oocyte and embryo developmental competence as evidenced by lower cleavage, blastocyst and hatched blastocyst rates. Moreover, enhancing CTSL activity, using recombinant CTSL (rCTSL), during oocyte maturation or early embryo development significantly improved oocyte and embryo developmental competence. Importantly, rCTSL supplementation during oocyte maturation and early embryo development significantly improved the developmental competence of heat‐shocked oocytes/embryos which are notoriously known for reduced quality. Altogether, these results provide novel evidence that CTSL plays a pivotal role in regulating oocyte meiosis and early embryonic development.
Creating Caring and Just Democratic Schools to Prevent Extremism
Authors: de Ruyter Doret , Sieckelinck Stijn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSecondary schools are well placed to avert radicalization processes toward extremism because such trajectories often begin in adolescence. Adolescents are in the process of forming their identities, and most adolescents are idealistic, which makes them susceptible to groups that passionately pursue utopian visions. To avert the path toward extremism, Doret de Ruyter and Stijn Sieckelinck propose to balance a prevention approach with a positive educative ethos that is sensitive to the emotions involved in students' quest for meaning in life and identity formation. This involves schools being places where all students experience that they matter and where they can express their passion for their ideals and experiment with their identities without being ridiculed; at the same time, schools must guide students in learning that not everything they value will be accepted and that they must also take into account the interests and rights of others. The schools' role is thus complex and precarious, and teachers are in a position of navigating a politically sensitive minefield daily. Therefore, any theoretical proposition regarding what schools can realistically do to prevent extremism must be informed by everyday educational practice.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of an oral formulation of decitabine and tetrahydrouridine
Authors: Lau Henry , Woost Philip G. , Friedrich Ute , Clausen Wan Hui Ong , Jacobberger James W. , Saunthararajah Yogen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is caused by an inherited structural abnormality of adult hemoglobin causing polymerization. Fetal hemoglobin interferes with polymerization but is epigenetically silenced by DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in adult erythropoiesis. Decitabine depletes DNMT1 and increases fetal and total hemoglobin in SCD patients, but is rapidly catabolized by cytidine deaminase (CDA) in vivo. Tetrahydrouridine (THU) inhibits CDA, safeguarding decitabine.MethodsThe pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three oral combination formulations of THU and decitabine, with different coatings producing different delays in decitabine release, were investigated in healthy participants.ResultsTetrahydrouridine and decitabine were rapidly absorbed into the systemic circulation after a single combination oral dose, with relative bioavailability of decitabine ≥74% in fasted males compared with separate oral administration of THU followed by decitabine 1 h later. THU and decitabine Cmax and area under the plasma concentration versus time curve were higher in females versus males, and fasted versus fed states. Despite sex and food effect on pharmacokinetics, the pharmacodynamic effect of DNMT1 downregulation was comparable in males and females and fasted and fed states. Treatments were well tolerated.ConclusionCombination oral formulations of THU with decitabine produced pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics suitable for oral DNMT1‐targeted therapy.
Extensive evaluation of DNA methylation of functional elements in the murine Fkbp5 locus using high‐accuracy DNA methylation measurement via targeted bisulfite sequencing
Authors: Yusupov Natan , van Doeselaar Lotte , Röh Simone , Wiechmann Tobias , Ködel Maik , Sauer Susann , Rex‐Haffner Monika , Schmidt Mathias V. , Binder Elisabeth B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFKBP5 is an important stress‐regulatory gene implicated in stress‐related psychiatric diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the FKBP5 gene were shown to interact with early life stress to alter the glucocorticoid‐related stress response and moderate disease risk. Demethylation of cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine‐dinucleotides (CpGs) in regulatory glucocorticoid‐responsive elements was suggested to be the mediating epigenetic mechanism for long‐term stress effects, but studies on Fkbp5 DNA methylation (DNAm) in rodents are so far limited. We evaluated the applicability of high‐accuracy DNA methylation measurement via targeted bisulfite sequencing (HAM‐TBS), a next‐generation sequencing‐based technology, to allow a more in‐depth characterisation of the DNA methylation of the murine Fkbp5 locus in three different tissues (blood, frontal cortex and hippocampus). In this study, we not only increased the number of evaluated sites in previously described regulatory regions (in introns 1 and 5), but also extended the evaluation to novel, possibly relevant regulatory regions of the gene (in intron 8, the transcriptional start site, the proximal enhancer and CTCF‐binding sites within the 5'UTR). We here describe the assessment of HAM‐TBS assays for a panel of 157 CpGs with possible functional relevance in the murine Fkbp5 gene. DNAm profiles were tissue‐specific, with lesser differences between the two brain regions than between the brain and blood. Moreover, we identified DNAm changes in the Fkbp5 locus after early life stress exposure in the frontal cortex and blood. Our findings indicate that HAM‐TBS is a valuable tool for broader exploration of the DNAm of the murine Fkbp5 locus and its involvement in the stress response.