bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioecological Traits of Spittlebugs and Their Implications for the Epidemiology and Control of the Xylella fastidiosa Epidemic in Apulia (Southern Italy)
Authors: Bodino Nicola , Cavalieri Vincenzo , Dongiovanni Crescenza , Saponari Maria , Bosco Domenico 
Published: March 2023

Spatial-temporal dynamics of spittlebug populations, together with transmission biology, are of major importance to outline the disease epidemiology of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca in Apulian olive groves. The spread rate of X. fastidiosa is mainly influenced by (i) the pathogen colonization of the host plant; (ii) the acquisition of the pathogen by the vector from an infected plant, and its inoculation to healthy plants; (iii) the vector population dynamics and abundance at different spatial scales; and (iv) the dispersal of the vector. In this contribution we summarize the recent advances in research on insect vectors’ traits—points ii, iii, and iv—focusing on those most relevant to X. fastidiosa epidemic in Apulia. Among the vectors’ bioecological traits influencing the X. fastidiosa epidemic in olive trees, we emphasize the following: natural infectivity and transmission efficiency, phenological timing of both nymphal and adult stage, the role of seminatural vegetation as a vector reservoir in the agroecosystem and landscape, and preferential and directional dispersal capabilities. Despite the research on X. fastidiosa vectors carried out in Europe in the last decade, key uncertainties on insect vectors remain, hampering a thorough understanding of pathogen epidemiology and the development of effective and targeted management strategies. Our goal is to provide a structured and contextualized review of knowledge on X. fastidiosa vectors’ key traits in the Apulian epidemic, highlighting information gaps and stimulating novel research pathways on X. fastidiosa pathosystems in Europe. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
miR‐145 inhibits aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation of cervical cancer by acting on MYC
Authors: Hu Chenchen , Liu Tianyue , Zhang Wenxin , Sun Yuanjie , Jiang Dongbo , Zhang Xiyang , Liu Yang , Mao Siyi , Xu Yiming , Pan Jingyu , Wang Jing , Huang Yinan , Yang Shuya , Yang Kun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNearly half a million women are diagnosed with cervical cancer (CC) each year, with the incidence of CC stabilizing or rising in low‐income and middle‐income countries. Cancer cells use metabolic reprogramming to meet the needs of rapid proliferation, known as the Warburg effect, but the mechanism of the Warburg effect in CC remains unclear. microRNAs (miRNAs) have a wide range of effects on gene expression and diverse modes of action, and they regulate genes for metabolic reprogramming. Dysregulation of miRNA expression leads to metabolic abnormalities in tumor cells and promotes tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this study, we found that miR‐145 was negatively correlated with metabolic reprogramming‐related genes and prevented the proliferation and metastasis of CC cell lines by impeding aerobic glycolysis. A dual‐luciferase reporter assay showed that miR‐145 can bind to the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of MYC. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation‐quantitative real‐time PCR indicated that MYC was involved in the regulation of glycolysis‐related genes. In addition, miR‐145 mimics significantly suppressed the growth of CC cell xenograft tumor, prolonged the survival time of mice, and dramatically silenced the expression of tumor proliferation marker Ki‐67. Therefore, the results suggested that miR‐145 affects aerobic glycolysis through MYC, which may be a potential target for the treatment of CC.
Zonule-Associated Gene Variants in Isolated Ectopia Lentis and Glaucoma
Authors: Huang Longxiang , Xu Tingting , Gan Jiahe , Mao Yukai , Zhao Lijun , Jiao Xiaodong , Fan Mengjie , Wang Tingting , Zhang Daren , Xu Meng , Zhu Yihua , Hejtmancik James Fielding , Liu Xuyang 
Published: March 2023

Précis:
We report 3 novel variants in fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and latent transforming growth factor-β–binding protein 2 (LTBP2) in 3 families with isolated ectopia lentis (EL), which shed new light on the diagnosis and genetic counseling of EL and secondary glaucoma in clinical settings.

Purpose:
To explore the genetic mechanism in 3 families with isolated EL and secondary angle closure glaucoma.

Methods:
Three Han Chinese families with EL and glaucoma were recruited. All of the participants underwent complete ocular and general physical examinations and DNA samples were extracted from peripheral venous blood and screened for disease-causing variants using whole exome and Sanger sequencing. In silico analyses were performed to predict the structural and functional changes in gene variants and abnormal proteins.

Results:
All 3 probands presented with EL and pupillary-blocking glaucoma. Genetic testing showed that all the patients have zonule-related gene mutations, with the proband (II:1), as well as his mother (I:2) and daughters (III:1 and III:2) from family 1 carrying a heterozygous mutation in FBN1 gene (c.6493G>T:p.(V2165L)); the proband (II:1) from family 2 carrying a heterozygous mutation in FBN1 gene (c.2543C>A:p.(T848N)), and the proband (II:1) from family 3 carrying a pair of compound heterozygous mutations in LTBP2 gene (c.4825T>A:p.(C1609S) / c.529T>C:p.(W177R)). No other genetic variants were found to be associated with the phenotypes of patients and other family members in this study. All variants are predicted to affect the structure and function of proteins as risk factors for EL based on bioinformatics analysis.

Conclusion:
Four novel mutations were identified in 3 families with EL, suggesting an intimate link between specific mutations in FBN1 and LTBP2 and isolated EL and angle closure glaucoma. Our results expanded the variant spectrum of zonule-related genes and helped explore the underlying molecular pathology of these disorders.
Associations Between Niacin Intake and Glaucoma in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Lee Samuel Y. , Tseng Victoria L. , Kitayama Ken , Avallone Thomas J. , Yu Fei , Pan Deyu , Caprioli Joseph , Coleman Anne L. 
Published: March 2023

Précis:
This study examined the association between dietary niacin intake and glaucoma in the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Increased niacin intake was associated with lower odds of glaucoma overall and among women.

Purpose:
To examine the association between dietary niacin intake and glaucoma in the 2005-2008 NHANES.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study included adult participants of the 2005-2008 NHANES. The exposure was dietary niacin intake, which was examined as a continuous and categorical variable. The outcome was glaucoma as defined by regraded disc images. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, income, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, daily energy intake, vitamin B2 and B6 consumption, and macular degeneration. Adjusting for all covariates, logistic regression was performed to examine the association between niacin intake and glaucoma in the overall population and stratified by sex.

Results:
The weighted population included 5371 individuals (109,734,124 weighted), of whom 55 (1.0%) had glaucoma. Each 1 mg increase in niacin intake was associated with a 6% decreased odds of glaucoma odds [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.90, 0.98]. Among women, increased niacin intake was associated with decreased odds of glaucoma both with niacin as a continuous (aOR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80, 0.99 per 1 mg increase in niacin intake) and binary variable (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.90 for higher vs lower niacin intake).

Conclusions:
In the 2005-2008 NHANES population, higher levels of niacin intake were associated with decreased odds of glaucoma overall and in women. Further studies are needed to examine the potential protective effects of niacin on glaucoma risk.
Improving screening of prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes
Authors: Iacoboni Jacalyn , Knox Louise 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Type II diabetes mellitus is a chronic medical condition affecting societies worldwide. The duration of hyperglycemia is a strong predictor of adverse outcomes and imposes immense clinical and public health concerns. The best way to prevent complications and reduce the economic burden is by capturing asymptomatic individuals early in the disease process.

Local problem:
Patients at a large urban academic medical center were not consistently identified as having a high risk of hyperglycemia.

Methods:
The project used a pretest–posttest design. Retrospective data on new-onset hyperglycemia incidence were compared for all individuals seeking primary care services 6 weeks before and after the intervention.

Intervention:
Patients without a known hyperglycemia history were provided the screening tool to determine risk status. Additional screening measures were implemented for patients identified as high risk on the initial screening.

Results:
A total of 52 (61.6%) of the 84 individuals who met inclusion criteria during the intervention period were diagnosed with new-onset chronic hyperglycemia. In contrast, 20 (22.5%) of the 89 individuals identified during the retrospective period resulted in a statistically significant difference (p < .001) in the frequency and accuracy of patients diagnosed with hyperglycemia between groups.

Conclusion:
A diabetes risk assessment tool is quick and reliable in capturing high-risk individuals who would benefit from additional screening measures.
Pediatric Magnet Ingestion, Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention: A European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Position Paper
Authors: Nugud A.A. , Tzivinikos Christos , Assa Amit , Borrelli Osvaldo , Broekaert Ilse , Martin-de-Carpi Javier , Deganello Saccomani Marco , Dolinsek Jernej , Homan M. , Mas Emmanuel , Miele Erasmo , Thomson Mike , Benninga Marc A. ,   The Gastrointestinal Committee of ESPGHAN
Published: March 2023

Magnet ingestion is a special category of foreign body ingestion associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly if it is associated with staggered ingestion of multiple magnets or with simultaneous ingestion of other metallic foreign bodies, especially button batteries. A special category of magnet ingestion is the ingestion of earth magnets, which have higher levels of magnetism and therefore, potentially, carries a worse outcome.
Legislative bodies, scientific Societies and community-led initiatives have been implemented worldwide with the aim of mitigating the effects of this growing, yet avoidable potential medical emergency.
A scoping literature review summarized epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prevention, including an algorithm for the diagnosis and management of magnet ingestion is presented and compared to previously published reviews and position papers (North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, National Poison Center, Royal College of Emergency Medicine). The main emphasis of the algorithm is on identification of staggered/multiple magnet ingestion, and early joint gastroenterology and surgical consultation and management.
Using a New Deep Learning Method for 3D Cephalometry in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Xu Meng , Liu Bingyang , Luo Zhaoyang , Ma Hengyuan , Sun Min , Wang Yongqian , Yin Ningbei , Tang Xiaojun , Song Tao 
Published: March 2023

Deep learning algorithms based on automatic 3-dimensional (D) cephalometric marking points about people without craniomaxillofacial deformities has achieved good results. However, there has been no previous report about cleft lip and palate. The purpose of this study is to apply a new deep learning method based on a 3D point cloud graph convolutional neural network to predict and locate landmarks in patients with cleft lip and palate based on the relationships between points. The authors used the PointNet++ model to investigate the automatic 3D cephalometric marking points. And the mean distance error of the center coordinate position and the success detection rate (SDR) were used to evaluate the accuracy of systematic labeling. A total of 150 patients were enrolled. The mean distance error for all 27 landmarks was 1.33 mm, and 9 landmarks (30%) showed SDRs at 2 mm over 90%, and 3 landmarks (35%) showed SDRs at 2 mm under 70%. The automatic 3D cephalometric marking points take 16 seconds per dataset. In summary, our training sets were derived from the cleft lip with/without palate computed tomography to achieve accurate results. The 3D cephalometry system based on the graph convolutional neural network algorithm may be suitable for 3D cephalometry system in cleft lip and palate cases. More accurate results may be obtained if the cleft lip and palate training set is expanded in the future.
International Liver Transplantation Society/Society for Advancement of Transplant Anesthesia Consensus Statement on Essential Attributes of a Liver Transplant Anesthesiologist
Authors: Nguyen-Buckley Christine , Bezinover Dmitri S. , Bhangui Pooja , Biancofiore Gianni , Blasi Annabel , Chadha Ryan , Pustavoitau Aliaksei , Sabate Antoni , Saner Fuat H. , Wagener Gebhard , Wray Christopher L. , Zerillo Jeron , Pan Terry Ling Te 
Published: March 2023

Background.
We sought to establish consensus on the essential skills, knowledge, and attributes that a liver transplant (LT) anesthesiologist should possess in a bid to help guide the further training process.

Methods.
Consensus was achieved via a modified Delphi methodology, surveying 15 identified international experts in the fields of LT anesthesia and critical care.

Results.
Key competencies were identified in preoperative management and optimization of a potential LT recipient; intraoperative management, including hemodynamic monitoring; coagulation and potential crisis management; and postoperative intensive and enhanced recovery care.

Conclusions.
This article provides an essential guide to competency-based training of an LT anesthesiologist.
The Role of Diet on the Gut Microbiome, Mood and Happiness
Authors: Martin Sydney E. , Kraft Colleen S. , Ziegler Thomas R. , Millson Erin C. , Rishishwar Lavanya , Martin Greg S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiome may be both helpful and harmful, and not only is it affected by diet, it has also been shown to affect mental health including personality, mood, anxiety and depression. In this clinical study we assessed dietary nutrient composition, mood, happiness, and the gut microbiome in order to understand the role of diet in the gut microbiome and how that affects mood and happiness. For this pilot study, we enrolled 20 adults to follow this protocol: recording a 2-day food log, sampling their gut microbiome, and completing five validated surveys of mental health, mood, happiness and well-being, followed by a minimum 1 week diet change and repeating the food log, microbiome sampling and the 5 surveys. The change from a predominantly Western diet to vegetarian, Mediterranean and ketogenic diets led to changes in calorie and fiber intake. After the diet change, we observed significant changes in measures of anxiety, well-being and happiness, and without changes in gut microbiome diversity. We found strong correlations between greater consumption of fat and protein to lower anxiety and depression, while consuming higher percentages of carbohydrates was associated with increased stress, anxiety, and depression. We also found strong negative correlations between total calories and total fiber intake with gut microbiome diversity without correlations to measures of mental health, mood or happiness. We have shown that changing diet affects mood and happiness, that greater fat and carbohydrate intake is directly associated with anxiety and depression and inversely correlated with gut microbiome diversity. This study is an important step towards understanding how our diet affects the gut microbiome and in turn our mood, happiness and mental health.
PGAR-Zernike: an ultra-fast, accurate and fully open-source structure retrieval toolkit for convenient structural database construction
Authors: Qi Junhai , Feng Chenjie , Shi Yulin , Yang Jianyi , zhang Fa , Li Guojun , Han Renmin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the release of AlphaFold2, protein model databases are growing at an unprecedented rate. Efficient structure retrieval schemes are becoming more and more important to quickly analyze structure models. The core problem in structural retrieval is how to measure the similarity between structures. Some structure alignment algorithms can solve this problem but at a substantial time cost. At present, the state-of-the-art method is to convert protein structures into 3D Zernike descriptors and evaluate the similarity between structures by Euclidean distance. However, methods for computing 3D Zernike descriptors of protein structures are almost always based on structural surfaces and most are web servers, which is not conducive for users to analyze customized datasets. To overcome this limitation, we propose PGAR-Zernike, a convenient toolkit for computing different types of Zernike descriptors of structures: the user simply needs to enter one line of command to calculate the Zernike descriptors of all structures in a customized datasets. Compared with the state-of-the-art method based on 3D Zernike descriptors and an efficient structural comparison tool, PGAR-Zernike achieves higher retrieval accuracy and binary classification accuracy on benchmark datasets with different attributes. In addition, we show how PGA-Zernike completes the construction of the descriptor database and the protocol used for the PDB dataset so as to facilitate the local deployment of this tool for interested readers. We construct a demonstration containing 590685 structures; at this scale, our retrieval system takes only 4 ~ 9 seconds to complete a retrieval, and experiments show that it reaches the state-of-the-art level in terms of accuracy. PGAR-Zernike is an open-source toolkit, whose source code and related data are accessible athttps://github.com/junhaiqi/PGAR-Zernike/.
Structural and thermodynamic consequences of base pairs containing pseudouridine and N1-methylpseudouridine in RNA duplexes
Authors: Dutta Nivedita , Deb Indrajit , Sarzynska Joanna , Lahiri Ansuman 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTPseudouridine (Ψ) is one of the most common post-transcriptional modifications in RNA and has been known to play significant roles in several crucial biological processes. The N1-methyl derivative of pseudouridine i.e N1-methylpseudouridine has also been reported to be important for the stability and function of RNA. Several studies suggest the importance of pseudouridine and N1-methylpseudouridine in mRNA therapeutics. The critical contribution of pseudouridine, especially that of its N1-methyl derivative in the efficiency of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, suggests the requirement to better understand the role of these modifications in the structure, stability and function of RNA. In the present study, we have investigated the consequences of the presence of these modifications in the stability of RNA duplex structures by analyzing different structural properties, hydration characteristics and energetics of these duplexes. We have previously studied the structural and thermodynamic properties of RNA duplexes with an internal Ψ-A pair and reported the stabilizing effect of Ψ over U (Deb, I. et al.Sci Rep9, 16278 (2019)). Here, we have extended our work to understand the properties of RNA duplexes with an internal m1Ψ-A pair and also theoretically demonstrate the effect of substituting internal U-G, U-U and U-C mismatches with the Ψ-G, Ψ-U and Ψ-C mismatches and also with the m1Ψ-G, m1Ψ-U and m1Ψ-C mismatches respectively, within dsRNA. Our results indicate the context-dependent stabilization of base stacking interactions by N1-methylpseudouridine compared to uridine and pseudouridine, presumably resulting from the increased molecular polarizability due to the presence of the methyl group.
Global longitudinal strain and plasma biomarkers for prognosis in heart failure complicated by diabetes
Authors: Iyer Nithin R. , Chan Siew-Pang , Liew Oi Wah , Chong Jenny P.C. , Bryant Jennifer A. , Le Thu-Thao , Chandramouli Chanchal , Cozzone Patrick J. , Eisenhaber Frank , Foo Roger , Richards A. Mark , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Ugander Martin , Chin Calvin W-L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) and diabetes are associated with increased incidence and worse prognosis of each other. The prognostic value of global longitudinal strain (GLS) measured by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has not been established in HF patients with diabetes.MethodsConsecutive patients (n=315) with HF underwent CMR at 3T, including GLS, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), native T1, and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping. Plasma biomarker concentrations were measured including: N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity troponin T(hs-TnT), growth differentiation factor 15(GDF-15), soluble ST2(sST2) and galectin 3(Gal-3). The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalisation.ResultsCompared to those without diabetes (n=156), the diabetes group (n=159) had a higher LGE prevalence (76 vs 60%, p<0.05), higher T1 (1285±42 vs 1269±42ms, p<0.001) and higher ECV (30.5±3.5 vs 28.8±4.1%, p<0.001). The diabetes group had higher NT-pro-BNP, hs-TnT, GDF-15, sST2 and Gal-3. Diabetes conferred worse prognosis (hazard ratio (HR) 2.33 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-3.79], p<0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis including clinical markers and plasma biomarkers, sST2 alone remained independently associated with the primary outcome (HR per 1 ng/mL 1.04 [95% CI 1.02-1.07], p=0.001). In multivariable Cox regression models in the diabetes group, both GLS and sST2 remained prognostic (GLS: HR 1.12 [95% CI 1.03-1.21], p=0.01; sST2: HR per 1 ng/mL 1.03 [95% CI 1.00-1.06], p=0.02).ConclusionsCompared to HF patients without diabetes, those with diabetes have worse plasma and CMR markers of fibrosis and a more adverse prognosis. GLS is a powerful and independent prognostic marker in HF patients with diabetes.
Chinese moyamoya disease study:cohort profile
Authors: Hao Fang-Bin , Han Cong , Gao Gan , Liu Si-meng , Wang Min-jie , Yang Ri-Miao , Zou Zheng-Xing , Yu Dan , Sun Caihong , Zhang Qian , Zhang Houdi , Guo Qing-Bao , Wang Xiao-Peng , Shen Xuxuan , Fu Heguan , Li JingJie , Zhang Zheng-shan , Bao Xiang-Yang , Feng Jie , Li Bin , Ren Bin , Wang Hui , Wang Qian-Nan , Pei Songtao , Zhao Bo , Zou Zhenglong , Han Yi-Qin , Tong Huaiyu , Sun Zhenghui , Liu Miao , Duan Lian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe etiology and natural course of moyamoya disease (MMD) remain unknown. This study evaluated the natural course and etiology of MMD using data from the Chinese MMD (C-MMD) cohort study.MethodsThe C-MMD cohort consisted of 6,167 patients with MMD treated at our center over the past 20 years. We analyzed the medical history and laboratory and imaging examination results of the patients at different stages of the disease to identify common features of MMD.ResultsThe median age for symptom onset was 32 years. The age distribution was bimodal; the highest peak was between ages 35 and 45 years, with a smaller peak between ages 3 and 9 years. The female-to-male ratio was 1:1. The disease occurred mainly in the Han people and was rarely observed in minority nationalities. In our cohort, a transient ischemic attack was the most common initial clinical manifestation (46.3%); others included infarction (25.0%), hemorrhage (15.1%), and headache (7.9%).ConclusionsThe C-MMD cohort is currently one of the largest single-center MMD cohorts in the world. This study provides baseline data for future research on the etiology and natural course of MMD.Clinical Trial RegistrationThis study has been registered in the Chinese Clinical trial registry (registration number: ChiCTR2200064160).