bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Graph Theory Study of Resting‐State Functional MRI Connectivity in Children With Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: Liu HongKun , Zheng HongYi , Zhang GengBiao , Zhuang JiaYan , Li WeiJia , Wu BiXia , Zheng WenBin 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe effect of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning on the topology of brain functional networks is unclear, especially in children whose brains are still developing.PurposeTo investigate the topological alterations of the whole‐brain functional connectome in children with CO poisoning and characterize its relationship with disease severity.Study TypeCross‐sectional and prospective study.SubjectsA total of 26 patients with CO poisoning and 26 healthy controls.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0 T MRI system/echo planar imaging (EPI) and 3D brain volume imaging (BRAVO) sequences.AssessmentWe used the network‐based statistics (NBS) method to explore between‐group differences in functional connectivity strength and a graph‐theoretical‐based analytic method to explore the topology of brain networks.Statistical TestsStudent's t‐test, chi‐square test, NBS, Pearson correlation coefficient, and false discovery rate correction. The statistical significance threshold was set at P < 0.05.ResultsThe case group's brain functional network topology was impaired in comparison to the control group (reduced global efficiency and small‐worldness, increased characteristic path length). According to node and edge analyses, the case group showed topologically damaged regions in the frontal lobe and basal ganglia, as well as neuronal circuits with weaker connections. Also, there was a significant correlation between the patients' coma time and the degree (r = −0.4564), efficiency (r = −0.4625), and characteristic path length (r = 0.4383) of the nodes in the left orbital inferior frontal gyrus. Carbon monoxide hemoglobin content (COHb) concentration and right rolandic operculum node characteristic path length (r = −0.3894) were significantly correlated. The node efficiency and node degree of the right middle frontal gyrus (r = 0.4447 and 0.4539) and right pallidum (r = 0.4136 and 0.4501) significantly correlated with the MMSE score.Data ConclusionThe brain network topology of CO poisoned children is damaged, which is manifested by reduced network integration and may lead to a series of clinical symptoms in patients.Evidence Level2.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Home‐field advantage in litter decomposition: A critical review from a microbial perspective
Authors: Ma Anran , Liu Hong , Song Cheng , Tian Enling , Wang Xingzu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLitter decomposition is a key component of biogeochemical recycling. It is highly sensitive to changes in microbial community assembly. An interesting phenomenon in litter decomposition is the home‐field advantage (HFA), where litter decomposes faster in native locations than in foreign sites. However, the role of the HFA in litter decomposition remains controversial. This review examines current evidence relating to the HFA using the leaf economics spectrum theory and the Lotka–Volterra niche competition model and explains its influence on the microbial assembly process. Here, it is proposed that the microbial community assembly could help to explain the HFA at spatiotemporal scales. This review improves understanding of the role of the succession of microbial communities in HFA litter decomposition and in the elemental cycle of forest systems.
The workforce revolution: Reimagining work, workers, and workplaces for the future
Authors: Lim Weng Marc 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs the world experiences unprecedented changes driven by groundbreaking technological advancements, increasing competitive pressures, shifting demographics, evolving societal expectations, and ongoing global crises or mega‐disruptions, the nature of work is evolving at an accelerated pace. This editorial introduces The Workforce Revolution, a critical movement that aims to reimagine work, workers, and workplaces for the future to harness these transformations effectively. As businesses and organizations adapt to new realities, innovative leadership and human resource management strategies become indispensable to ensure long‐term success and sustainability. This issue of Global Business and Organizational Excellence explores the latest research, trends, and insights on the topic, providing valuable guidance to leaders and managers as they shape the future of work. Articles within this issue cover a range of topics, including employee expectation‐organizational performance gaps, positive and negative workplace behaviors, toxic and responsible leadership, traditional and transformational roles of human resources, and the future of work in the new normal. By equipping leaders and managers with the knowledge to navigate these complexities, the journal aims to foster a more resilient and adaptable workforce, poised to thrive in the dynamic landscape of the future.
The effect of single kinetic oscillation stimulation treatment on nonallergic rhinitis
Authors: Sainio Sara , Blomgren Karin , Laulajainen‐Hongisto Anu , Lundberg Marie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveKinetic oscillation stimulation (KOS) is a new treatment method for nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), usually delivered twice with a 2‐ to 4‐week interval, and thought to stabilize autonomous dysregulation in the nasal mucosa. We aimed to assess the long‐term (1 year) results following one KOS treatment amongst patients with NAR.MethodsKOS was administered through a latex balloon placed in the patient's nasal cavity. The balloon is connected to a device that fills the balloon with air pulses, thus vibrating the balloon for 10 min per side. Outcomes were evaluated through patient‐reported outcome measures (Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test 22 [SNOT‐22], Total Nasal Symptom Score [TNSS], Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation [NOSE], and 15D) and measures of patency (rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, peak nasal inspiratory flow [PNIF], and clinical inferior turbinate size). Pre‐treatment actions were repeated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.ResultsIn all 49 patients, we found significant improvement in the SNOT‐22, NOSE, and TNSS scores. At 12 months, SNOT‐22 improved from 44 to 34, NOSE from 60 to 45, TNSS from 8 to 7, and PNIF from 80 to 100 L/min (p < .005 for all). We observed no major complications.ConclusionOne KOS treatment appears to provide NAR patients with a subjective symptom improvement for at least 1 year, thus possibly decreasing the need for invasive treatment methods.Level of EvidenceIII.
RFC5, regulated by circ_0038985/miR‐3614‐5p, functions as an oncogene in the progression of colorectal cancer
Authors: Yao Huihui , Zhou Xin , Zhou Aina , Chen Junjie , Chen Guoliang , Shi Xinyu , Shi Bo , Tai Qingliang , Mi Xiuwei , Zhou Guoqiang , Wang Suo , Sun Jinbing , Yang Xiaodong , Yang Yi , Cao Huihua , Zhou Diyuan , Sun Liang , Yao Yizhou , He Songbing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReplication factor C 5 (RFC5) is involved in a variety of biological functions of cancer. However, the expression pattern of RFC5 and the underlying mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive. Here, we show that RFC5 is significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and cells. Patients with CRC and increased RFC5 levels have an unfavorable prognosis. RFC5 can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells and inhibit the apoptosis of CRC cells. Additionally, upstream of RFC5, we constructed the competing endogenous RNA network and confirmed that RFC5 in this network was inhibited by miR‐3614‐5p by directly targeting its 3′‐untranslated regions. We verified that circ_0038985, which is positively correlated with RFC5, directly targeted miR‐3614‐5p. Overexpression of circ_0038985 promoted CRC cell migration and invasion, and these effects were partially reversed by the reintroduction of miR‐3614‐5p. Moreover, we found that RFC5 may promote the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFa)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2)/extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway. The knockdown of RFC5 reduced CRC tumorigenesis in vivo. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the circ_0038985/miR‐3614‐5p/RFC5 axis plays a critical role in the progression of CRC, and RFC5 may promote CRC progression by affecting the VEGFa/VEGFR2/ERK pathway.
An in silico study on the detectability of field cancerization through parenchymal analysis of digital mammograms
Authors: Hernández Angie , Miranda David A. , Pertuz Said 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundParenchymal analysis has shown promising performance for the assessment of breast cancer risk through the characterization of the texture features of mammography images. However, the working principles behind this practice are yet not well understood. Field cancerization is a phenomenon associated with genetic and epigenetic alterations in large volumes of cells, putting them on a path of malignancy before the appearance of recognizable cancer signs. Evidence suggests that it can induce changes in the biochemical and optical properties of the tissue.PurposeThe aim of this work was to study whether the extended genetic mutations and epigenetic changes due to field cancerization, and the impact they have on the biochemistry of breast tissues are detectable in the radiological patterns of mammography images.MethodsAn in silico experiment was designed, which implied the development of a field cancerization model to modify the optical tissue properties of a cohort of 60 voxelized virtual breast phantoms. Mammography images from these phantoms were generated and compared with images obtained from their non‐modified counterparts, that is, without field cancerization. We extracted 33 texture features from the breast area to quantitatively assess the impact of the field cancerization model. We analyzed the similarity and statistical equivalence of texture features with and without field cancerization using the t‐test, Wilcoxon sign rank test and Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test, and performed a discrimination test using multinomial logistic regression analysis with lasso regularization.ResultsWith modifications of the optical tissue properties on 3.9% of the breast volume, some texture features started to fail to show equivalence (p < 0.05). At 7.9% volume modification, a high percent of texture features showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) and non‐equivalence. At this level, multinomial logistic regression analysis of texture features showed a statistically significant performance in the discrimination of mammograms from breasts with and without field cancerization (AUC = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.75–1.00).ConclusionsThese results support the idea that field cancerization is a feasible underlying working principle behind the distinctive performance of parenchymal analysis in breast cancer risk assessment.
Continuity of discounted values and the structure of optimal policies for periodic‐review inventory systems with setup costs
Authors: Feinberg Eugene A. , Kraemer David N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proves continuity of value functions in discounted periodic‐review single‐commodity total‐cost inventory control problems with continuous inventory levels, fixed ordering costs, possibly bounded inventory storage capacity, and possibly bounded order sizes for finite and infinite horizons. In each of these constrained models, the finite and infinite‐horizon value functions are continuous, there exist deterministic Markov optimal finite‐horizon policies, and there exist stationary deterministic Markov optimal infinite‐horizon policies. For models with bounded inventory storage and unbounded order sizes, this paper also characterizes the conditions under which policies are optimal in the finite horizon and an policy is optimal in the infinite horizon.
How a highly acidic SH3 domain folds in the absence of its charged peptide target
Authors: Jaramillo‐Martinez Valeria , Dominguez Matthew J. , Bell Gemma M. , Souness Megan E. , Carhart Anna H. , Cuibus M. Adriana , Masoumzadeh Elahe , Lantz Benjamin J. , Adkins Aaron J. , Latham Michael P. , Ball K. Aurelia , Stollar Elliott J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCharged residues on the surface of proteins are critical for both protein stability and interactions. However, many proteins contain binding regions with a high net charge that may destabilize the protein but are useful for binding to oppositely charged targets. We hypothesized that these domains would be marginally stable, as electrostatic repulsion would compete with favorable hydrophobic collapse during folding. Furthermore, by increasing the salt concentration, we predict that these protein folds would be stabilized by mimicking some of the favorable electrostatic interactions that take place during target binding. We varied the salt and urea concentrations to probe the contributions of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions for the folding of the yeast SH3 domain found in Abp1p. The SH3 domain was significantly stabilized with increased salt concentrations due to Debye–Huckel screening and a nonspecific territorial ion‐binding effect. Molecular dynamics and NMR show that sodium ions interact with all 15 acidic residues but do little to change backbone dynamics or overall structure. Folding kinetics experiments show that the addition of urea or salt primarily affects the folding rate, indicating that almost all the hydrophobic collapse and electrostatic repulsion occur in the transition state. After the transition state formation, modest yet favorable short‐range salt bridges are formed along with hydrogen bonds, as the native state fully folds. Thus, hydrophobic collapse offsets electrostatic repulsion to ensure this highly charged binding domain can still fold and be ready to bind to its charged peptide targets, a property that is likely evolutionarily conserved over 1 billion years.
Validation of the prognostic value of a three‐gene signature and clinical parameters‐based risk score in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Saemundsson Arni , Xu Li‐Di , Meisgen Florian , Cao Rong , Ahlgren Göran 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe study aimed to validate the prognostic value of the Prostatype® risk score (P‐score), which includes a three‐gene signature and conventional risk factors, in a retrospective cohort.MethodsAll 716 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer from 2008 to 2010 at Skåne University Hospital, Sweden, were included. After excluding patients based on pathological and clinical eligibility criteria, RNA quality, and presence of metastases at diagnosis, a final cohort comprising 316 patients was further analyzed. Expression levels of three genes (IGFBP3, F3, and VGLL3) were measured in archived formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded core needle biopsies. The gene expression data were combined with clinical parameters (Gleason score, prostate‐specific antigen, and clinical tumor stage) to calculate the P‐score for each patient. Predictive performance of the P‐score in terms of prostate cancer‐specific mortality (PCSM), distant metastasis and adverse pathological outcomes were investigated.ResultsThe P‐score predicted both PCSM (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.6) and metastasis (HR = 1.46). The P‐score had an area under curve (AUC) of 0.93 when predicting the PCSM risk at 10 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89–0.98), which was significantly better than both D'Amico (AUC: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72–0.90, p < 0.001) and UCSF‐CAPRA (AUC: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80–0.96, p < 0.05). Decision curve analysis showed a higher net benefit of the P‐score compared to both D'Amico and CAPRA. All three risk scores performed similarly in the prediction of distant metastases. For patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP), a higher P‐score correlated with adverse pathological features such as pathologic tumor stage T3‐4 (p < 0.0001) and ≥International Society of Urological Pathology grade group 3 (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsOur findings provide evidence for the prognostic value of the P‐score. The P‐score predicted the risk for PCSM more accurately than the D'Amico and CAPRA scores. Performance was similar when predicting the risk for development of distant metastases within 10 years. Moreover, the P‐score correlated with adverse pathological outcomes in RP specimens. Thus, the P‐score could provide useful information for patients and their doctors to make informed decisions at the time of diagnosis.
Co‐design of adaptive event‐triggered scheme and output feedback controller for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems
Authors: Behnia Atefeh , Shafiei Mohammad Hossein 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article proposes a new co‐design adaptive event‐triggered (AET) robust control method based on output feedback to stabilize nonlinear systems with parametric uncertainties. The proposed event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) is obtained based on the finite gain stability. First, in the case of pre‐designed control gains, an AET robust controller is designed to guarantee the stability of the closed‐loop system. Then, a new approach is presented to co‐design the control gain and the adaptive event‐triggered mechanism, simultaneously. The proposed ETM which is presented in the form of linear matrix inequalities, leads to an increase in the average of inter‐event times. Moreover, the stability in the presence of the event‐based system and avoidance of the Zeno phenomenon have been ensured. Finally, to indicate the capability of the proposed methods, two examples are simulated. Simulation results show that in the proposed method the feasibility margin and the quality of the response are well maintained, and the number of samplings is reduced.
Independent Judicial Councils and Democratic Quality: A Set-Theoretical Approach
Authors: Castillo-Ortiz Pablo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing Qualitative Comparative Analysis, this chapter provides for more complex scrutiny of the relationship between formally independent judicial councils and democratic quality. The chapter shows that the lack of formally independent judicial councils was logically necessary for countries to obtain a low electoral democracy score. Furthermore, the chapter shows one important difference between countries with low electoral democracy scores and countries with intermediate ones: countries with intermediate electoral democracies scores had more solid judicial systems, with formally independent judicial councils.
Law and Marine Genetic Resources
Authors: Gameiro Maria Inês 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFrom a legal perspective, these are exciting times for marine genetic resources (MGR). After years of debate about MGR beyond national jurisdiction, famously encapsulated in the idea of the “deepest of ironies” in ocean affairs, a United Nations process began, focused on drafting an Agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) and with a clear mandate to address MGR. This agreement has the capacity to unravel issues that remain to be solved, particularly when linking MGR with the marine scientific research regime established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and with the provisions of the Nagoya Protocol and the TRIPS Agreement, or when addressing MGR under national jurisdiction.This chapter will consider the web of legal regimes for MGR, including the complexities surrounding marine spaces, such as the extended continental shelf. After providing a comprehensive analysis of both international law—UNCLOS, CBD, the TRIPS Agreement and the upcoming BBNJ Agreement—and national legislation, the chapter will conclude that an all-encompassing approach is required when dealing with MGR.
Einleitung
Authors: Peschke Thomas 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIn dem vergangenen Jahrzehnt haben sich steuerliche Beihilfen zu einem der wichtigsten Themen innerhalb des europäischen Wettbewerbsrechts entwickelt. Es geht hierbei vordergründig um die Frage, nach welchen Kriterien eine steuerliche Maßnahme eines Mitgliedstaates als Beihilfe i.S.d. Art. 107 Abs. 1 AEUV zu qualifizieren ist. Diese Frage erfährt nicht nur juristische, sondern auch politische Brisanz, weil sich dahinter ein Kompetenzkonflikt zwischen der Europäischen Union und den einzelnen Mitgliedstaaten verbirgt.
Auslegung der Tatbestandsmerkmale einer steuerrechtlichen Beihilfe
Authors: Peschke Thomas 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungSoweit in den Verträgen nicht etwas anderes bestimmt ist, sind staatliche oder aus staatlichen Mitteln gewährte Beihilfen gleich welcher Art, die durch die Begünstigung bestimmter Unternehmen oder Produktionszweige den Wettbewerb verfälschen oder zu verfälschen drohen, mit dem Binnenmarkt unvereinbar, soweit sie den Handel zwischen Mitgliedstaaten beeinträchtigen (Art. 107 Abs. 1 AEUV). Diese Norm statuiert nicht bloß eine von vielen weiteren Regeln des Gemeinsamen Binnenmarkts, sondern eines der fundamentalen Prinzipien des Europäischen Wettbewerbsrechts. Der Begriff der „Beihilfe“ ist nicht legaldefiniert und erst durch die Rechtsprechung des EuGH und die Praxis der Kommission konkretisiert worden.
Anomaly Detection for Automated Visual Inspection: A Review
Authors: Rippel Oliver , Merhof Dorit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAnomaly detection (AD) methods that are based on deep learning (DL) have considerably improved the state of the art in AD performance on natural images recently. Combined with the public release of large-scale datasets that target AD for automated visual inspection (AVI), this has triggered the development of numerous, novel AD methods specific to AVI. However, with the rapid emergence of novel methods, the need to systematically categorize them arises. In this review, we perform such a categorization, and identify the underlying assumptions as well as working principles of DL-based AD methods that are geared towards AVI. We perform this for 2D AVI setups, and find that the majority of successful AD methods currently combines features generated by pre-training DL models on large-scale, natural image datasets with classical AD methods in hybrid AD schemes. Moreover, we give the main advantages and drawbacks of the two identified model categories in the context of AVI’s inherent requirements. Last, we outline open research questions, such as the need for an improved detection performance of semantic anomalies, and propose potential ways to address them.
Strategic spatial planning, “smart shrinking” and the deployment of CAVs in rural Japan
Authors: Banerjee Ian , Furutani Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe experiments taking place around connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in global innovation networks today are largely technological in nature. This research takes a relational view of CAVs by investigating how they can be conceptualized within the larger context of strategic spatial planning. To do so, it takes Japan as a case study and explores how the current government is applying the tools of its new National Spatial Strategy (NSS) to strategically steer the development of its main economic and social sectors, including transport and the deployment of CAVs.