bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influenza season influence on outcome of new nodules in the NELSON study
Authors: Lancaster H. L. , Heuvelmans M. A. , de Bock G. H. , Du Y. , Mohamed Hoesein F. A. A. , Nackaerts K. , Walter J. E. , Vliegenthart R. , Oudkerk M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe evaluated the impact of the influenza season on outcome of new lung nodules in a LDCT lung cancer screening trial population. NELSON-trial participants with ≥ 1 new nodule detected in screening rounds two and three were included. Outcome (resolution or persistence) of new nodules detected per season was calculated and compared. Winter (influenza season) was defined as 1st October to 31st March, and compared to the summer (hay-fever season), 1st April to 30th September. Overall, 820 new nodules were reported in 529 participants. Of the total new nodules, 482 (59%) were reported during winter. When considering the outcome of all new nodules, there was no statistically significant association between summer and resolving nodules (OR 1.07 [CI 1.00–1.15], p = 0.066), also when looking at the largest nodule per participant (OR 1.37 [CI 0.95–1.98], p = 0.094). Similarly, there was no statistically significant association between season and screen detected cancers (OR 0.47 [CI 0.18–1.23], p = 0.123). To conclude, in this lung cancer screening population, there was no statistically significant association between influenza season and outcome of new lung nodules. Hence, we recommend new nodule management strategy is not influenced by the season in which the nodule is detected.
Prolactin-induced protein (PIP) increases the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to drug-induced apoptosis
Authors: Urbaniak Anna , Jablonska Karolina , Suchanski Jaroslaw , Partynska Aleksandra , Szymczak-Kulus Katarzyna , Matkowski Rafal , Maciejczyk Adam , Ugorski Maciej , Dziegiel Piotr 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe have previously shown that high expression of prolactin-induced protein (PIP) correlates with the response of breast cancer (BC) patients to standard adjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide), which suggests that the absence of this glycoprotein is associated with resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy. Therefore, in the present study, we analyzed the impact of PIP expression on resistance of BC cells to anti-cancer drugs and its biological role in BC progression. Expression of PIP and apoptotic genes in BC cell lines was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting. PIP was detected in BC tissue specimens using immunohistochemistry. The tumorigenicity of cancer cells was analyzed by the in vivo tumor growth assay. Apoptotic cells were detected based on caspase-3 activation, Annexin V binding and TUNEL assay. The interaction of PIP with BC cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. Using two cellular models of BC (i.e. T47D cells with the knockdown of the PIP gene and MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing PIP), we found that high expression of PIP resulted in (1) increased sensitivity of BC cells to apoptosis induced by doxorubicin (DOX), 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC), and paclitaxel (PAX), and (2) improved efficacy of anti-cancer therapy with DOX in the xenograft mice model. Accordingly, a clinical study revealed that BC patients with higher PIP expression were characterized by longer 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival. Subsequent studies showed that PIP up-regulated the expression of the following pro-apoptotic genes: CRADD, DAPK1, FASLG, CD40 and BNIP2. This pro-apoptotic activity is mediated by secreted PIP and most probably involves the specific surface receptor. This study demonstrates that a high expression level of PIP sensitizes BC cells to anti-cancer drugs. Increased sensitivity to chemotherapy is the result of pro-apoptotic activity of PIP, which is evidenced by up-regulation of specific pro-apoptotic genes. As high expression of PIP significantly correlated with a better response of patients to anti-cancer drugs, this glycoprotein can be a marker for the prognostic evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Modeling of the movement of rich gas in a porous medium in immiscible, near miscible and miscible conditions
Authors: Mehrjoo Hossein , Safaei Ali , Kazemzadeh Yousef , Riazi Masoud , Cortés Farid B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGas injection is one of the most common enhanced oil recovery techniques in oil reservoirs. In this regard, pure gas, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and methane (CH4) was employed in EOR process. The performance of pure gases in EOR have been investigated numerically, but till now, numerical simulation of injection of rich gases has been scared. As rich gases are more economical and can result in acceptable oil recovery, numerical study of the performance of rich gases in EOR can be an interesting subject. Accordingly, in the present work the performance of rich gases in the gas injection process was investigated. Methane has been riched in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), natural gas liquid (NGL), and Naphtha. Afterwards, the process of gas injection was simulated and the effect of injection fluids on the relative permeability, saturation profile of gas, and fractional flow of gas was studied. Our results showed that as naphtha is a heavier gas than the two other ones, IFT of oil-rich gas with naphtha is lower than other two systems. Based our results, gas oil ratio (GOR) and injection pressure did not affect the final performance of injection gas that has been riched in NGL and LPG. However, when GOR was 1.25 MSCF/STB, rich gas with naphtha moved with a higher speed in the domain and the relative permeability of each fluid and fractional flow of gas were affected. The same result was achieved at higher injection pressure. When injection pressure was 2000 psi, movement of gas with higher speed in the domain, alteration of relative permeability and changes in the fractional flow of gas were obvious. Therefore, based on our result, injection of naphtha with low pressure and high GOR was suggested for considered oil.
First evidence of industrial fly-ash in an Antarctic ice core
Authors: Thomas E. R. , Tetzner D. R. , Roberts S. L. , Turner S. D. , Rose N. L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs) are a component of fly-ash, the particulate by-product of industrial high temperature combustion of fuel-oil and coal-series fuels. We provide the first evidence that these indelible markers of industrialisation have been deposited in Antarctic ice, thousands of kilometres from any potential source. The earliest observed particle was deposited in an ice layer from 1936 CE. While depositional fluxes are low, chemical analysis of individual SCPs indicates a coal combustion origin.
Antiviral activities of hemp cannabinoids
Authors: van Breemen Richard B. , Simchuk Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hemp is an understudied source of pharmacologically active compounds and many unique plant secondary metabolites including more than 100 cannabinoids. After years of legal restriction, research on hemp has recently demonstrated antiviral activities in silico, in vitro, and in vivo for cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), and several other cannabinoids against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and γ-herpes viruses. Mechanisms of action include inhibition of viral cell entry, inhibition of viral proteases, and stimulation of cellular innate immune responses. The anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoids are also under investigation for mitigating the cytokine storm of COVID-19 and controlling chronic inflammation in people living with HIV. Retrospective clinical studies support antiviral activities of CBD, Δ9-THC, and cannabinoid mixtures as do some prospective clinical trials, but appropriately designed clinical trials of safety and efficacy of antiviral cannabinoids are urgently needed.
Time‐harmonic field‐circuit model for brushless doubly fed induction machine
Authors: Jagiela Mariusz , Wang Xiaoyan , McMahon Richard A. , Garbiec Tomasz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA computationally efficient time‐harmonic finite element model for the steady‐state analysis of a brushless doubly fed induction machine (BDFIM) is proposed. In the model, the electromagnetic couplings of the BDFIM are described by means of the sum of two complex magnetic vector potentials that represent the two fundamental harmonic time components of the magnetic flux density distribution in the rotor frame of reference. As in an ordinary induction motor, the non‐linearity of the magnetisation characteristic is accounted for using an effective magnetic permeability. For the BDFIM, this is derived by considering the features of modulated magnetic flux density waveform. The accuracy of the approach has been validated by comparing the characteristics of a D270 machine operating in the double‐feed mode with ones obtained from the experimentally verified time‐stepping model at various operating conditions. High accuracy of the results coming from the proposed model is demonstrated even under deep saturation conditions within the magnetic circuit.
Taxonomy of outlier detection methods for power system measurements
Authors: Patel Viresh , Kapoor Aastha , Sharma Ankush , Chakrabarti Saikat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe new emerging technologies utilize various sensors, deployed in an as hoc manner to reduce energy consumption in data communication. The data collected from these sensors is huge and have a high possibility of being polluted by outliers. Therefore, researchers are trying to develop better and faster outlier detection techniques that can handle large amount of data. Here, the research works from the year 2000 to 2022 have been reviewed. Several fundamental and latest outlier detection methods are discussed and categorized on the basis of statistical properties, density, distance, and clustering. The other methods discussed here are ensemble methods and learning‐based methods. The definitions, causes of outliers, and different methods of outlier detection are discussed. Further, one of the efficient methods from each category of the method is implemented on synthetic data of the IEEE 13‐bus distribution system. The IEEE 13‐bus system is assumed to have a Multi‐Function Meter at each line in the system. The data captured is injected with a fixed number of outliers at a given instant. Thereafter, the performance of all the methods is tested based on the number of outliers being detected.
DIPNet: Driver intention prediction for a safe takeover transition in autonomous vehicles
Authors: Bonyani Mahdi , Rahmanian Mina , Jahangard Simindokht , Rezaei Mahdi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFollowing the successful development of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), the current research directions focus on highely automated vehicles aiming at reducing human driving tasks, and extending the operational design domain, while maintaining a higher level of safety. Currently, there are high research demands in academia and industry to predict driver intention and understating driver readiness, e.g. in response to a “take‐over request” when a transition from automated driving mode to human mode is needed. A driver intention prediction system can assess the driver's readiness for a safe takeover transition. In this study, a novel deep neural network framework is developed by adopting and adapting the DenseNet, long short‐term memory, attention, FlowNet2, and RAFT models to anticipate the diver maneuver intention. Using the public “Brain4Cars” dataset, the driver maneuver intention will be predicted up to 4 s in advance, before the commencement of the driver's action. The driver intention prediction is assessed based on 1) in‐cabin 2) out‐cabin (road) and 3) both in‐out cabin video data. Utilizing K‐fold cross‐validation, the performance of the model is evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1‐score metrics. The experiments show the proposed DIPNet model outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art in the majority of the driving scenarios.
Behaviour modelling of passive intermodulation in a complex non‐linear system
Authors: Luo Junyu , Gao Jinchun , Bi Lingyu , Wang Ziren , Xu Xiaolong , Zhou Yilin , Xie Gang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel method for modelling the passive intermodulation (PIM) in radio frequency (RF) devices, which works as a complex non‐linear system, was proposed. Both behaviour modelling and experimental validation were introduced to clarify the generation of PIM in a parallel and series non‐linear system. Taking the coaxial connector as an example, two types of N‐type connectors with 4 and 6 contact petals were selected and put into research. The measurements both agree well with the predicted results, validating the proposed model.
Optical magnetic field sensors based on nanodielectrics: From biomedicine to IoT‐based energy internet
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Wei , Meng Xuan , Han Tao , Wei Xiaofei , Wang Liang , Zhao Yu , Fu Geng , Tian Ning , Wang Qian , Qin Sichen , Liu Xiaoxu , Putson Chatchai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSmart sensors with excellent performance are accelerating the development of biomedicine and the Internet of Energy. Nanodielectrics exhibit unique electrical and mechanical properties. As the predominant materials in optical magnetic field sensor (MFS), they can not only exert the anti‐interference of optical sensing, but improve the measuring characteristics of optical sensors. For instance, the optical fibre quantum probe for the magnetic field can obtain a higher sensitivity of 0.57 nT/Hz1/2, while the measurement range of the sensor that uses Co‐doped ZnO nanorods as cladding is 17–180 mT. Here, these exciting recent achievements in the realm of optical sensing methods for magnetic field detection are reviewed, with a focus on nanodielectrics, which provide an emerging opportunity to achieve higher sensitivity and a wider measurement range of MFS.
GRBAlpha: The smallest astrophysical space observatory
Authors: Pál András , Ohno Masanori , Mészáros László , Werner Norbert , Řípa Jakub , Csák Balázs , Dafčíková Marianna , Frajt Marcel , Fukazawa Yasushi , Hanák Peter , Hudec Ján , Husáriková Nikola , Kapuš Jakub , Kasal Miroslav , Kolář Martin , Koleda Martin , Laszlo Robert , Lipovský Pavol , Mizuno Tsunefumi , Münz Filip , Nakazawa Kazuhiro , Rezenov Maksim , Šmelko Miroslav , Takahashi Hiromitsu , Topinka Martin , Urbanec Tomáš , Breuer Jean-Paul , Bozóki Tamás , Dálya Gergely , Enoto Teruaki , Frei Zsolt , Friss Gergely , Galgóczi Gábor , Hroch Filip , Ichinohe Yuto , Kapás Kornél , Kiss László L. , Matake Hiroto , Odaka Hirokazu , Poon Helen , Povalač Aleš , Takátsy János , Torigoe Kento , Uchida Nagomi , Uchida Yuusuke 
Published: April 2023

Aims. Since it launched on 22 March 2021, the 1U-sized CubeSat GRBAlpha operates and collects scientific data on high-energy transients, making it the smallest astrophysical space observatory to date. GRBAlpha is an in-orbit demonstration of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) detector concept suitably small to fit into a standard 1U volume. As was demonstrated in a companion paper, GRBAlpha adds significant value to the scientific community with accurate characterization of bright GRBs, including the recent outstanding event of GRB 221009A.
Methods. The GRB detector is a 75 × 75 × 5 mm CsI(Tl) scintillator wrapped in a reflective foil (ESR) read out by an array of SiPM detectors, multi-pixel photon counters by Hamamatsu, driven by two separate redundant units. To further protect the scintillator block from sunlight and protect the SiPM detectors from particle radiation, we applied a multi-layer structure of Tedlar wrapping, anodized aluminium casing, and a lead-alloy shielding on one edge of the assembly. The setup allows observations of gamma radiation within the energy range of 70–890 keV with an energy resolution of ~30%.
Results. Here, we summarize the system design of the GRBAlpha mission, including the electronics and software components of the detector, some aspects of the platform, and the current semi-autonomous operations. In addition, details are given about the raw data products and telemetry in order to encourage the community to expand the receiver network for our initiatives with GRBAlpha and related experiments.
Long-term Complications of Gluteal Augmentation Using Aquafilling Filler: A Case Report
Authors: Wünscher Sarah Victoria , Cambiaso-Daniel Janos , Gualdi Alessandro , Rappl Thomas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe interest in gluteal augmentation using minimally invasive techniques has been increasing rapidly. Despite the fact that Aquafilling filler was described as biocompatible with human tissues, the number of associated complications has been rising.We present an exceptional case of a 35-year-old female patient, who suffered major long-term complications in association with Aquafilling filler injections in the gluteal region. The patient was referred to our center with signs of recurrent inflammation and severe pain focusing on the left lower extremity. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple, communicating abscess formations all the way from the gluteal region to the lower leg. Therefore, an operative debridement was accomplished in the operating theater.Finally, this report emphasizes the severity of possible long-term complications when using Aquafilling filler especially in larger areas. Furthermore, the oncogenicity as well as toxicity of polyacrylamide, the core material of Aquafilling filler, remains uncertain, which is why further research is urgently required.
NGS-Panel Diagnosis Developed for the Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Toe Walking and Its Application for the Investigation of Possible Genetic Causes for the Gait Anomaly
Authors: Pomarino David , Emelina Anna , Heidrich Jens , Rostásy Kevin , Schirmer Svenja , Schönfeldt Jan O. , Thren Anneke , Wagner Ferdinand , Thren Johanna Ronja , Berger Nina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIdiopathic toe walking (ITW) describes a condition affecting approximately 4.5% of children. Toe walking is an accompanying symptom for many hereditary disorders. This retrospective study uses next-generation sequencing-panel-diagnosis to investigate the feasibility of genetic testing to research the possible genetic causes of ITW and for differential diagnosis.Data were taken from our inhouse database, the minimum age for participants was 3 years. Underlying neurological or orthopaedic conditions were tested for and ruled out prior to diagnosing ITW. Patients, who experienced complications before, during or immediately after birth, children with autism, and patients toe walking less than 50% of the time were excluded.Eighty-nine patients were included in the study, in which 66 (74.2%) patients were boys and 23 (25.8%) girls. Mean age at testing was 7.7 years (range: 3–17 years). Fifteen of the 89 patients included in the study (16.9%) had a genetic variant identified as likely pathogenic or pathogenic by the genetics laboratory. Additionally, we found 129 variants of uncertain significance. About 65.2% of patients showed a pes cavus foot deformity, 27% of patients reportedly had at least one relative who also displayed the gait anomaly, and 37.1% had problems with their speech development.Despite the limitations of the sample size and the scope of our genetic testing targets, our results indicate that research into the genetic causes of ITW could better our understanding of the causes of ITW in otherwise healthy children, to help develop novel methods to detect serious conditions early. ITW could be an early onset symptom for further hereditary conditions.
Agronomic responses and herbage nutritive value of elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus) genotypes grown as monocrops and mixed with butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea)
Authors: Silva Pedro H. F. da , Santos Mércia V. F. dos , de Mello Alexandre C. L. , Silva Tafnes B. Sales , Neto Djalma E. Simões , da Silva Valdson J. , Dubeux José C. B. , Coelho Janerson J. , Souza Evaristo J. O. de , da Cunha Márcio V. 
Published: April 2023

Context Introducing legumes into grass-based forage systems may increase herbage nutritive value while reducing the need for inorganic nitrogen fertilisation. Grass–legume intercrops may also enhance herbage yield stability. Aim We evaluated agronomic and nutritional traits of elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus Schum.) genotypes grown as monocrops and mixed with butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.). Methods Elephant grass genotypes, two tall (Elephant B and IRI-381) and two dwarf (Mott and Taiwan A-146 2.37), were grown as monocultures or intercropped with butterfly pea in a 2-year trial. Herbage accumulation, yield stability, botanical composition and chemical/bromatological variables were evaluated. Key results Herbage accumulation was highest (P < 0.001) in Elephant B under monocropping (21.9 t/ha.year); however, this treatment revealed the lowest yield stability over harvest times (σi2 5.59). All intercrops were more stable than grass monocrops (mean σi2 0.66 vs 2.55). Higher (P < 0.001) concentrations of herbage crude protein were found in intercrops than monocrops (mean 113 vs 90 g/kg). Intercrop herbage lignin contents (mean 57 g/kg) and protein fraction C (mean 61 g/kg) were higher than those in monocrops. Dwarf Mott had higher (P = 0.001) digestible dry matter concentration than dwarf Taiwan (755 vs 745 g/kg). Conclusions Dwarf Mott genotype has outstanding nutritive value because of its higher leaf:stem ratio. Butterfly pea legume added to elephant grass crop in cut-and-carry systems improves herbage yield stability by reducing seasonal effects. Implications Intercropping butterfly pea in grass-based systems enhances yield stability, allowing herbage harvest with good nutritive value.
Loss of soil carbon in a world heritage peatland following a bushfire
Authors: Carroll Rani , Wright Ian A. , Reynolds Jason K. 
Published: April 2023

Background Climatic events can have rapid and widespread environmental impacts on peatlands. This is concerning because peatlands are restricted environments in Australia and are vulnerable to degradation. Aims This study aimed to investigate the loss of carbon from a burnt and eroded peatland. The cumulative effects of drought, bushfire and erosion events in south-eastern Australia was documented in a peatland in the Kings Tableland region within the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area in New South Wales, Australia. Methods Following a fire and subsequent rain event, soil classification and the total export of soil materials and nutrients were quantified. Key results The fire and erosional events caused an estimated loss of 28.80 t of organic material and 3.46 t of carbon from this site in a single 3-month period. Conclusions Peatlands are slow-forming accretionary systems and this study highlights the potential for considerable loss of organic material and carbon from peatland systems due to rapid, climatic-driven changes. Implications Peatland degradation in world heritage areas can have implications for carbon accounting and soil erosional loss, which may impact downstream environments and the functioning of these sensitive systems.