bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of recurrent transcutaneous magnetic stimulation in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: Multicenter randomized trial
Authors: Rao Vishnu P. , Kim Yoon Kook , Ghazi Anahita , Park Jean Y. , Munir Kashif M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTranscutaneous magnetic stimulation (TCMS) is successful in decreasing pain in several neurologic conditions. This multicenter parallel double‐blind phase II clinical trial is a follow‐up to a pilot study that demonstrated pain relief in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) treated with TCMS.MethodsThirty‐four participants with confirmed DPN and baseline pain score ≥ 5 were randomized to treatment at two sites. Participants were treated with either TCMS (n = 18) or sham (n = 16) applied to each foot once a week for four weeks. Pain scores using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale after 10 steps on a hard floor surface and answers to Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System pain questions were recorded by participants daily for 28 days.ResultsThirty‐one participants completed the study and were analyzed. Average pain scores decreased from baseline in both the groups. The difference in pain scores between TCMS and sham treatments was −0.55 for morning, −0.13 for evening, and −0.34 overall, below the pre‐determined clinically relevant difference of −2. Moderate adverse events that resolved spontaneously were experienced in both treatment arms.ConclusionIn this two‐arm trial, TCMS failed to demonstrate a significant benefit over sham in patient reported pain suggesting a substantial placebo effect in our previous pilot study.Trial registrationTCMS for the Treatment of Foot Pain Caused By Diabetic Neuropathy, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03596203, ID‐NCT03596203.
Nudging public budget officers: A field‐based survey experiment
Authors: Kuroki Makoto , Sasaki Shusaku 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExisting research has focused on budget officers' intertemporal decision‐making but has not addressed the problem that budget officers tend to underestimate future outcomes in the budget process. This study experimentally investigates how messages containing behavioral economics “nudges,” addressing the underestimation, influence budget officers' assessments. We conducted a survey experiment with responses from 484 budget officers in local governments throughout Japan. Respondents assessed a hypothetical environmental policy program budget, after having been randomly assigned to one of four groups, each given a different set of information and messaging: (A) baseline information (including future outcome information), (B) additional information with a loss‐framing nudge, (C) additional information with a social comparison nudge, and (D) no baseline information. The results show that budget officers in the two randomly assigned nudge‐based intervention groups gave higher evaluations of future outcomes than those in the baseline group with no nudges, whereas the assessment of the baseline group is statistically not significantly different from the group without any information.
Effects of Bubbles on Manufacturing Gold Dendrites and Silicon Nanowires Through the Fluoride-Assisted Galvanic Replacement Reaction
Authors: Lee Pee-Yew , Huang Hung Ji , Ko Tsung-Shine , Hung Ying-Lun , Wu Li-Yan , Fan Jia-Jun , Lin Yung-Sheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The fluoride-assisted galvanic replacement reaction is a conventional method for fabricating metallic dendrites on silicon wafers. However, whether bubbles affect manufacturing metallic dendrites is unclear. This study investigated the effects of bubbles on manufacturing Au dendrites and silicon nanowires through metal-assisted chemical etching. The results of manufacture under three conditions (standard, shaking, and vacuum conditions) were compared. Synchronous growth of Au dendrites and silicon nanowires were observed on the silicon wafers. The Au dendrite deposition rate was higher than the silicon etching rate. Compared with the standard condition, the vacuum condition increased the synthesis rates of Au dendrites and silicon nanowires by 1.1 and 0.2 μm/min, respectively. Therefore, the elimination of bubbles by vacuum can considerably accelerate manufacturing Au dendrites and silicon nanowires.
Topology Optimization Design of Resonant Structures Based on Antiresonance Eigenfrequency Matching Informed by Harmonic Analysis
Authors: Giraldo Guzman Daniel , Lissenden Clifford , Shokouhi Parisa , Frecker Mary 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this article, we present a design methodology for resonant structures exhibiting particular dynamic responses by combining an eigenfrequency matching approach and a harmonic analysis-informed eigenmode identification strategy. This systematic design methodology, based on topology optimization, introduces a novel computationally efficient approach for 3D dynamic problems requiring antiresonances at specific target frequencies subject to specific harmonic loads. The optimization’s objective function minimizes the error between target antiresonance frequencies and the actual structure’s antiresonance eigenfrequencies, while the harmonic analysis-informed identification strategy compares harmonic displacement responses against eigenvectors using a modal assurance criterion, therefore ensuring an accurate recognition and selection of appropriate antiresonance eigenmodes used during the optimization process. At the same time, this method effectively prevents well-known problems in topology optimization of eigenfrequencies such as localized eigenmodes in low-density regions, eigenmodes switching order, and repeated eigenfrequencies. Additionally, our proposed localized eigenmode identification approach completely removes the spurious eigenmodes from the optimization problem by analyzing the eigenvectors’ response in low-density regions compared to high-density regions. The topology optimization problem is formulated with a density-based parametrization and solved with a gradient-based sequential linear programming method, including material interpolation models and topological filters. Two case studies demonstrate that the proposed design methodology successfully generates antiresonances at the desired target frequency subject to different harmonic loads, design domain dimensions, mesh discretization, or material properties.
Evolution of food and beverage prices after the front-of-package labelling regulations in Chile
Authors: Paraje Guillermo , Montes de Oca Daniela , Corvalán Camila , Popkin Barry M 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThis study assesses the impact on prices of the 2016 Chilean comprehensive food policy package, centred around front-of-package warning labels for food and beverages high in saturated fats, sugars, calories and/or salt, on food and beverage prices, labelled or not.MethodsData from Kantar WorldPanel Chile, from January 2014 to December 2017, were used. The methodology implemented was interrupted time series analyses with a control group on Laspeyres Price Indices on labelled food and beverage products.ResultsAfter the regulations were implemented, prices among different categories of products (eg, high-in; reformulated but still high-in; reformulated and not high-in; not high-in) did not change with regulations relative to the control group. Specific price indices (relative to the control group) for households from different socioeconomic strata remained unchanged.ConclusionsEven where reformulation was extensive, we found no evidence that it was associated with price changes, at least during Chile’s first year and a half of regulation implementation.
Altered hippocampal connectivity dynamics predicts memory performance in neuropsychiatric lupus: a resting-state fMRI study using cross-recurrence quantification analysis
Authors: Pentari Anastasia , Simos Nicholas , Tzagarakis George , Kagialis Antonios , Bertsias George , Kavroulakis Eleftherios , Gratsia Eirini , Sidiropoulos Prodromos , Boumpas Dimitrios T , Papadaki Efrosini 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveΤo determine whole-brain and regional functional connectivity (FC) characteristics of patients with neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) or without neuropsychiatric manifestations (non-NPSLE) and examine their association with cognitive performance.MethodsCross-recurrence quantification analysis (CRQA) of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data was performed in 44 patients with NPSLE, 20 patients without NPSLE and 35 healthy controls (HCs). Volumetric analysis of total brain and specific cortical and subcortical regions, where significant connectivity changes were identified, was performed. Cognitive status of patients with NPSLE was assessed by neuropsychological tests. Group comparisons on nodal FC, global network metrics and regional volumetrics were conducted, and associations with cognitive performance were estimated (at p<0.05 false discovery rate corrected).ResultsFC in patients with NPSLE was characterised by increased modularity (mean (SD)=0.31 (0.06)) as compared with HCs (mean (SD)=0.27 (0.06); p=0.05), hypoconnectivity of the left (mean (SD)=0.06 (0.018)) and right hippocampi (mean (SD)=0.051 (0.0.16)), and of the right amygdala (mean (SD)=0.091 (0.039)), as compared with HCs (mean (SD)=0.075 (0.022), p=0.02; 0.065 (0.019), p=0.01; 0.14 (0.096), p=0.05, respectively). Hyperconnectivity of the left angular gyrus (NPSLE/HCs: mean (SD)=0.29 (0.26) and 0.10 (0.09); p=0.01), left (NPSLE/HCs: mean (SD)=0.16 (0.09) and 0.09 (0.05); p=0.01) and right superior parietal lobule (SPL) (NPSLE/HCs: mean (SD)=0.25 (0.19) and 0.13 (0.13), p=0.01) was noted in NPSLE versus HC groups. Among patients with NPSLE, verbal episodic memory scores were positively associated with connectivity (local efficiency) of the left hippocampus (r2=0.22, p=0.005) and negatively with local efficiency of the left angular gyrus (r2=0.24, p=0.003). Patients without NPSLE displayed hypoconnectivity of the right hippocampus (mean (SD)=0.056 (0.014)) and hyperconnectivity of the left angular gyrus (mean (SD)=0.25 (0.13)) and SPL (mean (SD)=0.17 (0.12)).ConclusionBy using dynamic CRQA of the rs-fMRI data, distorted FC was found globally, as well as in medial temporal and parietal brain regions in patients with SLE, that correlated significantly and adversely with memory capacity in NPSLE. These results highlight the value of dynamic approaches to assessing impaired brain network function in patients with lupus with and without neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Investigating full-heavy tetraquarks composed of $$cc{\bar{c}}{\bar{b}}$$ and $$bb{\bar{b}}{\bar{c}}$$
Authors: Hu Jing , He Bing-Ran , Ping Jia-Lun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe full-heavy tetraquarks $$cc{\bar{c}}{\bar{b}}$$

c
c

c

¯

b

¯

and $$bb{\bar{b}}{\bar{c}}$$

b
b

b

¯

c

¯

are systematically investigated within a quark model. The meson–meson structure, diquark–antidiquark structure and K-structure are considered in this work. There is no bound state for $$cc{\bar{c}}{\bar{b}}$$

c
c

c

¯

b

¯

and $$bb{\bar{b}}{\bar{c}}$$

b
b

b

¯

c

¯

systems in $$ IJ^{P}=00^{+},01^{+}$$

I

J
P

=

00
+

,

01
+

and $$ 02^{+}$$

02
+

channels. However, for $$cc{\bar{c}}{\bar{b}}$$

c
c

c

¯

b

¯

system, three possible resonance states with energy of $$ 10{,}079~\textrm{MeV} $$

10
,
079

MeV

, $$ 10{,}081~\textrm{MeV} $$

10
,
081

MeV

and $$ 10{,}177~\textrm{MeV} $$

10
,
177

MeV

are found in $$ IJ^{P}=00^{+},01^{+}$$

I

J
P

=

00
+

,

01
+

and $$ 02^{+}$$

02
+

, respectively, and their decay width $$ \Gamma $$
Γ
are 6.7–8.4 MeV, 1.4–7.2 MeV and 9.1–11.1 MeV. For $$bb{\bar{b}}{\bar{c}}$$

b
b

b

¯

c

¯

system, there also exist three possible resonance states with energy of $$ 16{,}474~\textrm{MeV} $$

16
,
474

MeV

, $$ 16{,}474~\textrm{MeV} $$

16
,
474

MeV

and $$ 16{,}541~\textrm{MeV} $$

16
,
541

MeV

in $$ IJ^{P}=00^{+},01^{+}$$

I

J
P

=

00
+

,

01
+

and $$ 02^{+}$$

02
+

, respectively, and the decay widths $$ \Gamma $$
Γ
of them are 2.2–6.1 MeV, 2.2–6.9 MeV and 5.3–8.5 MeV. $$bc{\bar{c}}{\bar{c}}$$

b
c

c

¯

c

¯

and $$cb{\bar{b}}{\bar{b}}$$

c
b

b

¯

b

¯

systems will have the same results as $$cc{\bar{c}}{\bar{b}}$$

c
c

c

¯

b

¯

and $$bb{\bar{b}}{\bar{c}}$$

b
b

b

¯

c

¯

, respectively. These full-heavy resonance states are worthy to be searched in the future experiments.
Clinically Defined Mutations in MEN1 Alter Its Tumor-suppressive Function Through Increased Menin Turnover
Authors: Duan Suzann , Sheriff Sulaiman , Elvis-Offiah Uloma B. , Witten Brandon L. , Sawyer Travis W. , Sundaresan Sinju , Cierpicki Tomasz , Grembecka Jolanta , Merchant Juanita L. 
Published: July 2023

Loss of the tumor suppressor protein menin is a critical event underlying the formation of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) in hormone-expressing tissues including gastrinomas. While aberrant expression of menin impairs its tumor suppression, few studies explore the structure–function relationship of clinical multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (MEN1) mutations in the absence of a complete LOH at both loci. Here, we determined whether clinical MEN1 mutations render nuclear menin unstable and lead to its functional inactivation. We studied the structural and functional implications of two clinical MEN1 mutations (R516fs, E235K) and a third variant (A541T) recently identified in 10 patients with gastroenteropancreatic (GEP)-NETs. We evaluated the subcellular localization and half-lives of the mutants and variant in Men1-null mouse embryo fibroblast cells and in hormone-expressing human gastric adenocarcinoma and NET cell lines. Loss of menin function was assessed by cell proliferation and gastrin gene expression assays. Finally, we evaluated the effect of the small-molecule compound MI-503 on stabilizing nuclear menin expression and function in vitro and in a previously reported mouse model of gastric NET development. Both the R516fs and E235K mutants exhibited severe defects in total and subcellular expression of menin, and this was consistent with reduced half-lives of these mutants. Mutated menin proteins exhibited loss of function in suppressing tumor cell proliferation and gastrin expression. Treatment with MI-503 rescued nuclear menin expression and attenuated hypergastrinemia and gastric hyperplasia in NET-bearing mice. Clinically defined MEN1 mutations and a germline variant confer pathogenicity by destabilizing nuclear menin expression.

Significance:
We examined the function of somatic and germline mutations and a variant of MEN1 sequenced from gastroenteropancreatic NETs. We report that these mutations and variant promote tumor cell growth and gastrin expression by rendering menin protein unstable and prone to increased degradation. We demonstrate that the menin-MLL (mixed lineage leukemia) inhibitor MI-503 restores menin protein expression and function in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a potential novel therapeutic approach to target MEN1 GEP-NETs.
Validation of Immunotherapy Response Score as Predictive of Pan-solid Tumor Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Benefit
Authors: Bulen Benjamin J. , Khazanov Nickolay A. , Hovelson Daniel H. , Lamb Laura E. , Matrana Marc , Burkard Mark E. , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin , Edenfield William J. , Claire Dees Elizabeth , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Buchschacher Gary L. , Miller Alan M. , Parsons Benjamin M. , Wassenaar Timothy R. , Suga Jennifer M. , Siegel Robert D. , Irvin William , Nair Suresh , Slim Jennifer N. , Misleh Jamal , Khatri Jamil , Masters Gregory A. , Thomas Sachdev , Safa Malek M. , Anderson Daniel M. , Mowers Jonathan , Dusenbery Anna C. , Drewery Stephanie , Plouffe Komal , Reeder Travis , Vakil Hana , Patrias Lynnae , Falzetta Amanda , Hamilton Ryan , Kwiatkowski Kat , Johnson D. Bryan , Rhodes Daniel R. , Tomlins Scott A. 
Published: July 2023

Immunotherapy response score (IRS) integrates tumor mutation burden (TMB) and quantitative expression biomarkers to predict anti-PD-1/PD-L1 [PD-(L)1] monotherapy benefit. Here, we evaluated IRS in additional cohorts. Patients from an observational trial (NCT03061305) treated with anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy were included and assigned to IRS-High (-H) versus -Low (-L) groups. Associations with real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined by Cox proportional hazards (CPH) modeling. Those with available PD-L1 IHC treated with anti-PD-(L)1 with or without chemotherapy were separately assessed. Patients treated with PD-(L)1 and/or chemotherapy (five relevant tumor types) were assigned to three IRS groups [IRS-L divided into IRS-Ultra-Low (-UL) and Intermediate-Low (-IL), and similarly assessed]. In the 352 patient anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy validation cohort (31 tumor types), IRS-H versus IRS-L patients had significantly longer rwPFS and OS. IRS significantly improved CPH associations with rwPFS and OS beyond microsatellite instability (MSI)/TMB alone. In a 189 patient (10 tumor types) PD-L1 IHC comparison cohort, IRS, but not PD-L1 IHC nor TMB, was significantly associated with anti-PD-L1 rwPFS. In a 1,103-patient cohort (from five relevant tumor types), rwPFS did not significantly differ in IRS-UL patients treated with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy plus anti-PD-(L)1, nor in IRS-H patients treated with anti-PD-(L)1 versus anti-PD-(L)1 + chemotherapy. IRS associations were consistent across subgroups, including both Europeans and non-Europeans. These results confirm the utility of IRS utility for predicting pan-solid tumor PD-(L)1 monotherapy benefit beyond available biomarkers and demonstrate utility for informing on anti-PD-(L)1 and/or chemotherapy treatment.

Significance:
This study confirms the utility of the integrative IRS biomarker for predicting anti-PD-L1/PD-1 benefit. IRS significantly improved upon currently available biomarkers, including PD-L1 IHC, TMB, and MSI status. Additional utility for informing on chemotherapy, anti-PD-L1/PD-1, and anti-PD-L1/PD-1 plus chemotherapy treatments decisions is shown.
Dependence of Fast Changes in Global and Local Precipitation on the Geographical Location of Absorbing Aerosol
Authors: Williams Andrew I. L. , Watson-Parris Duncan , Dagan Guy , Stier Philip 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Anthropogenic aerosol interacts strongly with incoming solar radiation, perturbing Earth’s energy budget and precipitation on both local and global scales. Understanding these changes in precipitation has proven particularly difficult for the case of absorbing aerosol, which absorbs a significant amount of incoming solar radiation and hence acts as a source of localized diabatic heating to the atmosphere. In this work, we use an ensemble of atmosphere-only climate model simulations forced by identical absorbing aerosol perturbations in different geographical locations across the globe to develop a basic physical understanding of how this localized heating impacts the atmosphere and how these changes impact on precipitation both globally and locally. In agreement with previous studies we find that absorbing aerosol causes a decrease in global-mean precipitation, but we also show that even for identical aerosol optical depth perturbations, the global-mean precipitation change varies by over an order of magnitude depending on the location of the aerosol burden. Our experiments also demonstrate that the local precipitation response to absorbing aerosol is opposite in sign between the tropics and the extratropics, as found by previous work. We then show that this contrasting response can be understood in terms of different mechanisms by which the large-scale circulation responds to heating in the extratropics and in the tropics. We provide a simple theory to explain variations in the local precipitation response to absorbing aerosol in the tropics. Our work highlights that the spatial pattern of absorbing aerosol and its interactions with circulation are a key determinant of its overall climate impact and must be taken into account when developing our understanding of aerosol–climate interactions.
A Modified Kain–Fritsch Convection Scheme for Extended-Range Prediction
Authors: Ridout James A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper describes the convection parameterization in the Navy Earth System Prediction Capability (ESPC) system developed at the Naval Research Laboratory, with a focus on the scheme configuration in the v2.0 system. The parameterization is an update of a modification of the Kain–Fritsch convection scheme by Ridout et al. based on an assumed quasi-balance of updraft parcel buoyancy at the cloud-base level. Scheme updates include the treatment of updraft/environment mixing and additional updraft model features, including a parameterized reduction in net detrainment in cases of significant near-cloud upward motion, and a modified cloud-top condition. The scheme includes two convection modes: a turbulence-triggered and a dynamically triggered mode. Hindcast sensitivity with Navy ESPC to features of the scheme is investigated with 45-day integrations from 1 November 2011 for a portion of the Dynamics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) research program observational period that overlaps with the occurrence of two episodes of the MJO. The modified updraft mixing is critical in the hindcasts for consistent MJO eastward propagation, whereas the additional updraft updates significantly improve the representation of small-scale rainfall variability, while helping to inhibit development of excessive low-level easterly flow. The added turbulence-triggered convection mode helps to improve the representation of the separation of periods of enhanced MJO convection. The relative occurrence frequency of convective cloud-top height and column water vapor in the equatorial Indo-Pacific is investigated in the hindcasts, showing significant similarities with satellite retrieval results.

Significance Statement
This study describes the scheme used to represent the effects of convective clouds such as cumulus and cumulonimbus (thunderstorm clouds) in computerized 45-day global forecasts of the Earth system in a forecast model developed at the Naval Research Laboratory, focusing on the version currently undergoing testing for use by the U.S. Navy. Some of the development history and physical basis for the scheme are presented, and results from test simulations are included. The test results investigate potential forecast sensitivity to various features of the scheme and illustrate that the scheme can successfully represent certain effects of convective clouds on large-scale storm systems in the tropics that have global-scale impacts on extended-range (several weeks) prediction of the Earth’s atmosphere/ocean system.
Time-Varying Relationship and Volatility Spillovers Among Oil, Gold, Forex and Stock Markets in Indian Context: The Juxtaposition of Global Economic Crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sahadudheen I. , Kumar P. K. Santhosh 
Published: July 2023

This article explores the dynamic interdependencies, returns and volatility spillovers among oil, gold, foreign exchange and equity markets. It also compares how the leading and most active commodity markets, forex and equity markets reacted to each other during the period of the global economic crisis and COVID-19 pandemic. The time-varying relationship between oil and gold, oil and forex and gold and exchange rate is predominantly positive, whereas it is negative for oil and stock price, gold and stock price and exchange rate and stock price. This continues to hold even in the crisis period, except for the oil and stock price relationship during the COVID-19 crisis. However, the degrees of relationship significantly high during both crises. The returns and volatility spillovers obtained from forecasted error variance decomposition based on vector autoregression show that the spillovers among these four markets remained low for the whole period but drastically increased during both crises. Compared to the return spillover, the volatility spillover is strong in the crisis period and was too high during the COVID-19 crisis. The rolling-sample spillover analysis shows that both return and volatility spillovers significantly vary across different periods, and the volatility spillovers are predominant. JEL Codes: C32, F31, G15, Q40