bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Klima- und Nachhaltigkeitsrisiken in der Versicherungswirtschaft
Authors: Heep-Altiner Maria , Rohlfs Torsten , Berg Marcel , Schmidt Jan-Philipp 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungAufgrund der Studienlage muss der Klimawandel im Sinne einer durch den Menschen kausal bewirkten Erderwärmung als gegeben angesehen werden. Dabei sind diese Auswirkungen keineswegs homogen: Je nach Szenario sind verschiedene geografische Regionen, Bevölkerungsgruppen oder Industriezweige ganz unterschiedlich betroffen. Gerade im Bereich der Versicherungen ergeben sich hier große Risiken, aber durchaus auch vielfältige Chancen, wobei nach Auswertung verschiedener wissenschaftlicher Studien in Kombination mit geeigneten qualitativen Ansätzen eine erste Quantifizierung der Effekte vorgenommen werden kann. Dabei sind die Risiken des Klimawandels generell im größeren Kontext der Nachhaltigkeitsrisiken eingebettet, die neben sozialen Aspekten auch die Aspekte einer nachhaltigen Geschäftsführung umfassen.
Grenzen der Versicherbarkeit
Authors: Arenz Jonas , Bierwirth Max , Schüssler Robin , Tribull-Potapczuk Ken , Weis Benedikt , Winkler Erik 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Corona-Pandemie hat auch die Versicherungswirtschaft unvorbereitet getroffen. Dabei hat sich gezeigt, dass konventionelle Versicherungen nicht geeignet sind, Extremrisiken wie die Pandemie zu versichern.Es existieren jedoch bereits Versicherungskonzepte, welche andere Extremrisiken abdecken. Es kann grundsätzlich zwischen vollständig staatlich organisierten Konzepten, Public-Private-Partnerships (PPP) und rein privatwirtschaftlich organisierten Konzepten unterschieden werden. Nach sorgfältiger Analyse erscheint hier das PPP-3-Layer-Modell, das sich durch die Kombination aus staatlichem und privatwirtschaftlichem Risikotransfer auszeichnet, als bestes Versicherungskonzept, um die Schäden durch eine Pandemie zu versichern.
Gesellschaftliche Integration aus gesellschaftstheoretischer Sicht
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungAusdifferenzierte und komplexe Gesellschaftssysteme haben keine kollektive Handlungsfähigkeit. Die Erhöhung der kollektiven Handlungsfähigkeit stellt ein Kernelement der Initiative Lernen vor Ort dar mit der Annahme, dass »Bildungsstationen und Bildungsangebote wie ein stimmiges, integriertes System aufeinander bezogen und abgestimmt« sein sollen. Die zweite Annahme besteht darin, dass durch diese Abstimmung »das Lernen im gesamten Lebenslauf erfolgreich sein kann«.
Gesellschaftliche Integration aus pädagogischer Sicht
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungBisher unbeleuchtet blieb das Verhältnis zwischen System- und Sozialintegration. Mit Blick auf die Frage, welchen Beitrag ein kommunales Bildungsmanagement zur System- und Sozialintegration im Rahmen des Programms Lernen vor Ort leistet, bedarf es einer Klärung dieses Verhältnisses. Diese Klärung erfolgt nun mit dem Konzept der Vermittlung aus pädagogischer Sicht.
Gesellschaftliche Integration aus Sicht von Organisation
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Brückenprinzip Organisation lese ich als Form der Dienstleistungsorganisation bei der Wohlfahrtsproduktion. Der Akteur Politik spielt dabei eine herausragende Rolle, der andere Subsysteme zum einen vielfach adressiert und zum anderen von diesen mit Erwartungen angesprochen wird
Ein Bildungsmanagement auf kommunaler Ebene als Prozess- und Strukturinnovator
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDas BMK tritt als Subjekt der Erziehung auf dem Feld des politischen Diskurses (LG) auf. Als Vertreter des sozial-kulturellen Systems investiert es Verständigungskraft ins politische System, um eine positive Kultur für die Grundidee eines Strukturprogramms zu schaffen. In gemischten Gremien entwickelt es ein kreisweites Übergangsmanagement und transferiert Bildungsberatung im Bereich der frühen Bildung.
Linear power corrections to single top production processes at the LHC
Authors: Makarov Sergei , Melnikov Kirill , Nason Paolo , Ozcelik Melih A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We discuss the linear power corrections to the electroweak production of top quarks at the LHC using renormalon calculus. We show how such non-perturbative corrections can be obtained using the Low-Burnett-Kroll theorem, which provides the first subleading term to the expansion of the real-emission amplitudes around the soft limit. We demonstrate that there are no linear power corrections to the total cross sections of arbitrary processes of a single top production type provided that these cross sections are expressed in terms of a short-distance top quark mass. We also derive a universal formula for the linear power corrections to generic observables that involve the top-quark momentum.
Black hole to cosmic horizon microstates in string/M theory: timelike boundaries and internal averaging
Authors: Silverstein Eva 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this note, we resolve an apparent obstacle to string/M theory realizations of dS observer patch holography, finding a new role for averaging in quantum gravity. The solvable $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

(+Λ2) deformation recently provided a detailed microstate count of the dS3 cosmic horizon, reproducing the refined Gibbons-Hawking entropy computed by Anninos et al. along with the correct radial bulk geometry. On the gravity side, the deformation brings in the boundary to just outside a black hole horizon, where it is indistinguishable from the dS cosmic horizon, enabling a continuous passage to a bounded patch of dS. In string/M theory, the relationship between AdS/CFT and dS involves uplifts that change the internal topology, e.g. replacing an internal sphere $$ \mathbbm{S} $$
S
with an internal hyperbolic space ℍ (and incorporating varying warp and conformal factors). We connect these two approaches, noting that the differences in the extra dimensions between AdS black hole and dS solutions are washed out by internal averaging in the presence of a timelike boundary skirting the horizon. This helps to motivate a detailed investigation into the possibility of such timelike boundaries in (A)dS solutions of string/M theory, and we take initial steps toward suitable generalizations of Liouville walls as one approach.
Optimizing Surgical Performance Using Preoperative Virtual Reality Planning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Laskay Nicholas M. B. , George Jordan A. , Knowlin Laquanda , Chang Todd P. , Johnston James M. , Godzik Jakub 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurgery is often a complex process that requires detailed 3‐dimensional anatomical knowledge and rigorous interplay between team members to attain ideal operational efficiency or “flow.” Virtual Reality (VR) represents a technology by which to rehearse complex plans and communicate precise steps to a surgical team prior to entering the operating room. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of VR for preoperative surgical team planning and interdisciplinary communication across all surgical specialties.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed examining existing research on VR use for preoperative surgical team planning and interdisciplinary communication across all surgical fields in order to optimize surgical efficiency. MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL databases were searched from inception to July 31, 2022 using standardized search clauses. A qualitative data synthesis was performed with particular attention to preoperative planning, surgical efficiency optimization, and interdisciplinary collaboration/communication techniques determined a priori. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis guidelines were followed. All included studies were appraised for their quality using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) tool.ResultsOne thousand and ninety‐three non‐duplicated articles with abstract and full text availability were identified. Thirteen articles that examined preoperative VR‐based planning techniques for optimization of surgical efficiency and/or interdisciplinary communication fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies had a low‐to‐medium methodological quality with a MERSQI mean score of 10.04 out of 18 (standard deviation 3.61).ConclusionsThis review demonstrates that time spent rehearsing and visualizing patient‐specific anatomical relationships in VR may improve operative efficiency and communication across multiple surgical specialties.
The potential underlying mechanisms during learning flights
Authors: Bertrand Olivier J. N. , Sonntag Annkathrin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHymenopterans, such as bees and wasps, have long fascinated researchers with their sinuous movements at novel locations. These movements, such as loops, arcs, or zigzags, serve to help insects learn their surroundings at important locations. They also allow the insects to explore and orient themselves in their environment. After they gained experience with their environment, the insects fly along optimized paths guided by several guidance strategies, such as path integration, local homing, and route-following, forming a navigational toolkit. Whereas the experienced insects combine these strategies efficiently, the naive insects need to learn about their surroundings and tune the navigational toolkit. We will see that the structure of the movements performed during the learning flights leverages the robustness of certain strategies within a given scale to tune other strategies which are more efficient at a larger scale. Thus, an insect can explore its environment incrementally without risking not finding back essential locations.
On the mathematical theory of ensemble (linear-Gaussian) Kalman–Bucy filtering
Authors: Bishop Adrian N. , Del Moral Pierre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to present a comprehensive overview of the theory of ensemble Kalman–Bucy filtering for continuous-time, linear-Gaussian signal and observation models. We present a system of equations that describe the flow of individual particles and the flow of the sample covariance and the sample mean in continuous-time ensemble filtering. We consider these equations and their characteristics in a number of popular ensemble Kalman filtering variants. Given these equations, we study their asymptotic convergence to the optimal Bayesian filter. We also study in detail some non-asymptotic time-uniform fluctuation, stability, and contraction results on the sample covariance and sample mean (or sample error track). We focus on testable signal/observation model conditions, and we accommodate fully unstable (latent) signal models. We discuss the relevance and importance of these results in characterising the filter’s behaviour, e.g. it is signal tracking performance, and we contrast these results with those in classical studies of stability in Kalman–Bucy filtering. We also provide a novel (and negative) result proving that the bootstrap particle filter cannot track even the most basic unstable latent signal, in contrast with the ensemble Kalman filter (and the optimal filter). We provide intuition for how the main results extend to nonlinear signal models and comment on their consequence on some typical filter behaviours seen in practice, e.g. catastrophic divergence.
Rate and factors associated with surgical site infection following aseptic revision fixation of orthopaedic trauma injuries
Authors: Heinz N. R. , Clement N. D. , Young R. N. , Duckworth A. D. , White T. O. , Molyneux S. G. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The primary aim of this study was to define the rate of infection following revision of fixation for aseptic failure. The secondary aims were to identify factors associated with an infection following revision and patient morbidity following deep infection.

Methods
A retrospective study was undertaken to identify patients who underwent aseptic revision surgery during a 3-year period (2017–2019). Regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with SSI.

Results
Eighty-six patients were identified that met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 53 (range 14–95) years and 48 (55.8%) were female. There were 15 (17%) patients with an SSI post revision surgery (n = 15/86). Ten percent (n = 9) of all revisions acquired a ‘deep infection’, which carried a high morbidity with a total of 23 operations, including initial revision, being undertaken for these patients as salvage procedures and three progressed to an amputation. Alcohol excess (odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% CI 1.01–6.36, p = 0.046) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 11.1, 95% CI 1.00–133.3, p = 0.050) were independently associated with an increased risk of SSI.

Conclusion
Aseptic revision surgery had a high rate of SSI (17%) and deep infection (10%). All deep infections occurred in the lower limb with the majority of these seen in ankle fractures. Alcohol excess and COPD were independent risk factors associated with an SSI and patients with a history of these should be counselled accordingly.

Level of Evidence
Retrospective Case Series, Level IV.
Exploring the link between poor oral hygiene and mesh infection after hernia repair: a systematic review and proposed best practices
Authors: East B. , Podda M. , Beznosková-Seydlová M. , de Beaux A. C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background

There is a reasonable body of evidence around oral/dental health and implant infection in orthopaedic and cardiovascular surgery. Another large area of surgical practice associated with a permanent implant is mesh hernia repair. This study aimed to review the evidence around oral/dental health and mesh infection.

Methods

The research protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022334530). A systematic review of the literature was undertaken according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. The initial search identified 582 publications. A further four papers were identified from references. After a review by title and abstract, 40 papers were read in full text. Fourteen publications were included in the final review, and a total of 47,486 patients were included.

Results

There is no published evidence investigating the state of oral hygiene/health and the risk of mesh infection or other infections in hernia surgery. Improvement in oral hygiene/health can reduce surgical site infection and implant infection in colorectal, gastric, liver, orthopaedic and cardiovascular surgery. Poor oral hygiene/health is associated with a large increase in oral bacteria and bacteraemia in everyday activities such as when chewing or brushing teeth. Antibiotic prophylaxis does not appear to be necessary before invasive dental care in patients with an implant.

Conclusion
Good oral hygiene and oral health is a strong public health message. The effect of poor oral hygiene on mesh infection and other complications of mesh hernia repair is unknown. While research is clearly needed in this area, extrapolating from evidence in other areas of surgery where implants are used, good oral hygiene/health should be encouraged amongst hernia patients both prior to and after their surgery.
Seismic risk of typical ageing petrochemical steel structure in harsh atmospheric conditions
Authors: Di-Sarno Luigi , Majidian Armin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses the evaluation of the effects of corrosion on the performance of ageing steel industrial infrastructures. A novel probabilistic risk assessment method is presented with respect to a case study of a real petrochemical structure located in an atmospheric environment with high severity of corrosion. The results of damage assessment derived from refined fragility analyses revealed that long-term corrosion mass reduction can increase the probability of damage to the structure by an average of 40%. Furthermore, the risk analysis demonstrated that the annual failure rate of the corroded structure is at most 2.80 times that of the uncorroded counterpart. The vulnerability analysis showed that the difference in annual repair costs between corroded and uncorroded cases gradually increased as the severity of ground motion raised. Moreover, the results of comprehensive and refined nonlinear analyses indicated that the corroded structure after 50 and 100 years can increase the likelihood of causing corrosion repair costs in the first year by about 40 and 60 times, respectively. The evaluation of the ratio of construction to maintenance and retrofitting was also carried out; it was based on innovative retrofitting measures with the use of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers for steel structures. The findings illustrated in the present numerical study can help owners and insurance companies to predict more reliably maintenance and repair costs, thus they can provide an efficient roadmap for industrial asset management.
Prioritizing Colombian plant genetic resources for investment in research using indicators about the geographic origin, vulnerability status, economic benefits, and food security importance
Authors: Cerón-Souza I. , Delgadillo-Duran D. , Polo-Murcia S. M. , Sarmiento-Naizaque Z. X. , Reyes-Herrera P. H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGermplasm banks are the most significant repository for plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) worldwide. Despite their strategic importance, national germplasm banks of tropical megadiverse developing countries such as Colombia have extremely limited funds. Therefore, making strategic decisions about research investment is essential. Here, we designed a data-driven approach to build an index that sorts Colombian PGRFA into three groups: high, medium, or low priority, based on four pillars of information from open-access databases and aligned with the sustainable goals of no poverty and zero hunger: Geographic origin, vulnerability status, economic benefits, and food security importance. We analyzed 345 PGRFA using the index, separating them into two groups, 275 already conserved in the Colombian germplasm bank (BGVCOL group) and 70 not currently conserved in the BGVCOL (NCB group). We used fuzzy logic to classify each PGRFA by each pillar and integrate it to obtain a priority index. Missing data for native crops were frequent in the BGVCOL group. Therefore we adopted an imputation strategy to fill the gaps and calculated the uncertainty. After applying the index, PGRFA with higher priority were 24 (8.72%) from the BGVCOL (i.e., 15 potatoes, three tomatoes, two tree tomatoes, pineapple, cocoa, papaya, and yacon) and one from NCB (i.e., coffee). We concluded that this methodology successfully prioritized PGRFA in Colombia and shows the big holes of knowledge for future research and alternatives to improve this index. The versatility of this methodology could be helpful in other genebanks with budget limitations for research investment.
Recent advances in synthetic strategies and SAR of thiazolidin-4-one containing molecules in cancer therapeutics
Authors: Sharma Archana , Sharma Diksha , Saini Neha , Sharma Sunil V. , Thakur Vijay Kumar , Goyal Ramesh K. , Sharma Prabodh Chander 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cancer is one of the life-threatening diseases accountable for millions of demises globally. The inadequate effectiveness of the existing chemotherapy and its harmful effects has resulted in the necessity of developing innovative anticancer agents. Thiazolidin-4-one scaffold is among the most important chemical skeletons that illustrate anticancer activity. Thiazolidin-4-one derivatives have been the subject of extensive research and current scientific literature reveals that these compounds have shown significant anticancer activities. This manuscript is an earnest attempt to review novel thiazolidin-4-one derivatives demonstrating considerable potential as anticancer agents along with a brief discussion of medicinal chemistry-related aspects of these compounds and structural activity relationship studies in order to develop possible multi-target enzyme inhibitors. Most recently, various synthetic strategies have been developed by researchers to get various thiazolidin-4-one derivatives. In this review, the authors highlight the various synthetic, green, and nanomaterial-based synthesis routes of thiazolidin-4-ones as well as their role in anticancer activity by inhibition of various enzymes and cell lines. The detailed description of the existing modern standards in the field presented in this article may be interesting and beneficial to the scientists for further exploration of these heterocyclic compounds as possible anticancer agents.
Social Costs of Setback Distances for Onshore Wind Turbines: A Model Analysis Applied to the German State of Saxony
Authors: Reutter Felix , Drechsler Martin , Gawel Erik , Lehmann Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWind power is a key for decarbonizing economies. Yet, wind turbines can produce negative environmental externalities. These include bird collisions and disamenities for residents. Setback distances for onshore wind turbines to settlements and bird nests are a common policy instrument to address these externalities. In this paper, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of setback distances. We use a spatially-explicit model to investigate the social costs of different options for setbacks to settlements and red kite nests. In terms of social costs, we consider production costs and external costs associated with residents’ disamenities and red kite impacts given an exogenously set wind energy production target. The model is applied using data for the German State of Saxony. Three key results are: (1) More restrictive setbacks may increase social costs. (2) Uniform red kite setbacks reduce social costs rather than uniform settlement setbacks. (3) Differentiated settlement setbacks for different settlement types lead to substantially lower social costs than uniform setbacks.
The Landscape of Research on Prior Knowledge and Learning: a Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Bittermann André , McNamara Danielle , Simonsmeier Bianca A. , Schneider Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the role of prior knowledge in human learning is essential for predicting, improving, and explaining competence acquisition. However, the size and breadth of this field make it difficult for researchers to glean a comprehensive overview. Hence, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of 13,507 relevant studies published between 1980 and 2021. Abstracts, titles, and metadata were analyzed using text mining and network analysis. The studies investigated 23 topics forming five communities: Education, Learning Environments, Cognitive Processes, Nonacademic Settings, and Language. The investigated knowledge was diverse regarding its types, characteristics, and representations, covering more than 25 academic and non-academic content domains. The most frequently referenced theoretical backgrounds were the 3P Model, Cognitive Load Theory, and Conceptual Change approaches. While our results indicate that prior knowledge is a widely used cross-sectional research topic, there remains a need for more integrative theories of when and how prior knowledge causally affects learning.