bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The leaky pipeline of diverse race and ethnicity representation in academic science and technology training in the United States, 2003–2019
Authors: Sarraju Ashish , Ngo Summer , Rodriguez Fatima 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Diverse race and ethnicity representation remains lacking in science and technology (S&T) careers in the United States (US). Due to systematic barriers across S&T training stages, there may be sequential loss of diverse representation leading to low representation, often conceptualized as a leaky pipeline. We aimed to quantify the contemporary leaky pipeline of S&T training in the US.

Methods
We analyzed US S&T degree data, stratified by sex and then by race or ethnicity, obtained from survey data the National Science Foundation and the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics. We assessed changes in race and ethnicity representation in 2019 at two major S&T transition points: bachelor to doctorate degrees (2003–2019) and doctorate degrees to postdoctoral positions (2010–2019). We quantified representation changes at each point as the ratio of representation in the later stage to earlier stage (representation ratio [RR]). We assessed secular trends in the representation ratio through univariate linear regression.

Results
For 2019, the survey data included for bachelor degrees, 12,714,921 men and 10.612,879 women; for doctorate degrees 14,259 men and 12,860 women; and for postdoctoral data, 11,361 men and 8.672 women. In 2019, we observed that Black, Asian, and Hispanic women had comparable loss of representation among women in the bachelor to doctorate transition (RR 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81–0.92; RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.81–0.89; and RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.77–0.87, respectively), while among men, Black and Asian men had the greatest loss of representation (Black men RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.66–0.78; Asian men RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.70–0.77)]. We observed that Black men (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.51–0.69) and Black women (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.49–0.63) experienced the greatest loss of representation among men and women, respectively, in the doctorate to postdoctoral transition. Black women had a statistically significant decrease in their representation ratio in the doctorate to postdoctoral transition from 2010 to 2019 (p-trend = 0.02).

Conclusion
We quantified diverse race and ethnicity representation in contemporary US S&T training and found that Black men and women experienced the most consistent loss in representation across the S&T training pipeline. Findings should spur efforts to mitigate the structural racism and systemic barriers underpinning such disparities.
The Effect of Brand Equity and Customer Value in Repeat Visits of the Patients at Dr. Gunawan Mangunkusuma Regional General Hospital
Authors: Putri Maria Novencia Dwi Armita , Farida Naili , Arso Septo Pawelas 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Patient visits at dr. Gunawan Mangunkusuma Regional General Hospital in 2020-2021 has increased by 9.78%. However, there is a decrease in the level of patient satisfaction with the services provided. This study aims to examine whether brand equity and customer value with the mediating factor of customer satisfaction affect repeat visits of the patients to dr. Gunawan Mangunkusumo Regional General Hospital. Methods: This type of research is a quantitative approach. The time of the study was in July 2022. The sample in the study was 185 patients using a purposive sampling technique. Linearity analysis in this study was carried out using SmartPLS.Results: The results showed that brand equity had a positive effect on patient satisfaction with a t-count of 4.006 > 1.96 (p<0.05). Brand equity has a positive effect on patient repeat visits with at value of 2,449 > 1.96 (p <0.05). Customer value has a positive effect on patient satisfaction with a t-value of 10,889 > 1.96 (p <0.05). Customer value also has a positive effect on patient repeat visits with a t value of 2,247 > 1.96 (p <0.05). Patient satisfaction has a positive effect on repeat visits of the patients with a t value of 2,869 > 1.96 (p <0.05). The mean repeat visits of the patients variable is 3.76. There are still indicators with a mean <3.76, namely RV1 and RV4Conclusion: The conclusion from this study is that brand equity and customer value greatly influence patient satisfaction and patient satisfaction greatly influences repeat visits. The hospital should be more aggressive in promoting the existence of the hospital to the community, assessing the suitability of prices paid by patients with the services received, reviewing service procedures at the hospital, and improving the HR department that handles patients so that customer satisfaction increases and repeats visits as well increase.
Deep neural network to differentiate internet gaming disorder from healthy controls during stop-signal task: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Wang Qiwen , Li Yongkang , Su Hang , Zhong Na , Xu Qi , Li Xiaoou 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInternet Gaming Disorder (IGD), as one of worldwide mental health issues, leads to negative effects on physical and mental health and has attracted public attention. Most studies on IGD are based on screening scales and subjective judgments of doctors, without objective quantitative assessment. However, public understanding of internet gaming disorder lacks objectivity. Therefore, the researches on internet gaming disorder still have many limitations. In this paper, a stop-signal task (SST) was designed to assess inhibitory control in patients with IGD based on prefrontal functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). According to the scale, the subjects were divided into health and gaming disorder. A total of 40 subjects (24 internet gaming disorders; 16 healthy controls) signals were used for deep learning-based classification. The seven algorithms used for classification and comparison were deep learning algorithms (DL) and machine learning algorithms (ML), with four and three algorithms in each category, respectively. After applying hold-out method, the performance of the model was verified by accuracy. DL models outperformed traditional ML algorithms. Furthermore, the classification accuracy of the two-dimensional convolution neural network (2D-CNN) was 87.5% among all models. This was the highest accuracy out of all models that were tested. The 2D-CNN was able to outperform the other models due to its ability to learn complex patterns in data. This makes it well-suited for image classification tasks. The findings suggested that a 2D-CNN model is an effective approach for predicting internet gaming disorder. The results show that this is a reliable method with high accuracy to identify patients with IGD and demonstrate that the use of fNIRS to facilitate the development of IGD diagnosis has great potential.
Local convexity estimates for mean curvature flow
Authors: Langford Mat 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We develop a local version of Huisken–Stampacchia iteration, using it to obtain local versions of the sharp asymptotic curvature pinching estimates for mean curvature flow. The local estimates we obtain do not depend on the quality of noncollapsing of the solution and the method adopted applies in a host of other settings.
ATP binding and ATP hydrolysis in full-length MsbA monitored via time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Mann Daniel , Labudda Kristin , Zimmermann Sophie , Vocke Kai Ulrich , Gasper Raphael , Kötting Carsten , Hofmann Eckhard 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The essential Escherichia coli ATPase MsbA is a lipid flippase that serves as a prototype for multi drug resistant ABC transporters. Its physiological function is the transport of lipopolisaccharides to build up the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. Although several structural and biochemical studies of MsbA have been conducted previously, a detailed picture of the dynamic processes that link ATP hydrolysis to allocrit transport remains elusive. We report here for the first time time-resolved Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic measurements of the ATP binding and ATP hydrolysis reaction of full-length MsbA and determined reaction rates at 288 K of k
1 = 0.49 ± 0.28 s−1 and k
2 = 0.014 ± 0.003 s−1, respectively. We further verified these rates with photocaged NPEcgAppNHp where only nucleotide binding was observable and the negative mutant MsbA-H537A that showed slow hydrolysis (k
2 < 2 × 10−4 s−1). Besides single turnover kinetics, FTIR measurements also deliver IR signatures of all educts, products and the protein. ADP remains protein-bound after ATP hydrolysis. In addition, the spectral changes observed for the two variants MsbA-S378A and MsbA-S482A correlated with the loss of hydrogen bonding to the γ-phosphate of ATP. This study paves the way for FTIR-spectroscopic investigations of allocrite transport in full-length MsbA.
Philosophical Assumptions Behind the Rejection of Computer-Based Proofs
Authors: Parshina Katia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In 1977, the first computer-assisted proof of a mathematical theorem was presented by K. Appel and W. Haken. The proof was met with a lot of criticism from both mathematicians and philosophers. In this paper, I present some examples of computer-assisted proofs, including Appel and Haken’s work. Then, I analyze the most famous arguments against the equal acceptance of computer-based and human-based proofs in mathematics and examine the philosophical assumptions behind the presented criticism. In the conclusion, I talk about whether the philosophical assumptions are justified as they are, or one needs to take a specific philosophical position to accept them.
Effect of casting modification materials on cutting forces of an Al12Si alloy used in aircraft technology
Authors: Ficici Ferit , Keser Mustafa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, the effect of modification Al-12Si (Etial 140) casting alloy with Al10Sr, CuSn5, and Al10Sr + CuSn5 master alloys has been investigated with respect to the cutting forces. In order to characterize the morphology of materials used in this study, metallography, hardness, density tests, and chemical analysis were performed. An optical microscope was used to examine the microstructure of the samples. Machinability tests were performed with the turning method by using a titanium diboride-coated cementite carbide cutting tool. All experiments were carried out under dry machining conditions with three different cutting speeds and feed rates with a constant cut depth. After the turning test, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were used to examine the build-up edge (BUE) formation on the cutting tool. It was determined that the modification process has a positive effect on increasing the density and hardness. According to the results, it was observed that cutting (Fc), feed (Ff), and tangential (Fr) forces decreased for all material groups with increasing cutting speed V. Furthermore, Fc, Ff, and Fr forces increased for all material groups with increasing feed rate f. Finally, the highest cutting forces were observed on the Etial 140 c + Al10Sr master alloy.
Jana2020 – a new version of the crystallographic computing system Jana
Authors: Petříček Václav , Palatinus Lukáš , Plášil Jakub , Dušek Michal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present the crystallographic program Jana2020, the successor of Jana2006. Jana2020 has new, technically different graphics and structure plot-driven intuitive control. Tools known from Jana2006 were revised and inserted into a new logical scheme, and their control connected with the structure plot. Some of the tools were considerably improved. We focus on the details of the most dynamically developing parts, namely twinned structures, magnetic structures, and structure analysis based on electron diffraction data.
Fabrication and structural elucidation of graphene oxide-based nanocomposites (GO-Ag, rGO-Ag) for degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Nazir Arif , Waqas Ali , Imran Muhammad , Ali Abid , Iqbal Munawar , Chaudhry Hina , Bibi Ismat , Kausar Abida , Alwadai Norah , Ahmad Naveed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are two-dimensional material of carbon having unique optical, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties, which could form composite material with different materials. In this work, we fabricated the nanocomposite of GO and rGO with silver (Ag). Modified Hummer method was adopted for the production of GO from graphite powder. This GO was reduced into rGO using ascorbic acid. On the reduction of GO into rGO, inter-planar distance increases which enhanced the properties of rGO as compared to GO. Turkevich method was adopted to produce the nanocomposite of GO and rGO with Ag. FTIR was performed to confirm the different functional group in the desired product. XRD spectra of rGO have broad hump shaped peak which reflects the amorphous structure or lattice and proposed rGO composite as a better membrane material than GO composite for water purification. Similarly, the Raman spectra shows the lower value of D and G band for rGO than GO. Results revealed that methylene blue dye was degraded up to 79.36 % using rGO-Ag composite. Hence, it is concluded that fabricated material could possibly be employed for degradation of other toxic pollutant from industrial effluents.
Cav2.2 Channels Sustain Vesicle Recruitment at a Mature Glutamatergic Synapse
Authors: Wender Magdalena , Bornschein Grit , Brachtendorf Simone , Hallermann Stefan , Eilers Jens , Schmidt Hartmut 
Published: April 2023

The composition of voltage-gated Ca2+channel (Cav) subtypes that gate action potential (AP)-evoked release changes during the development of mammalian CNS synapses. Cav2.2 and Cav2.3 lose their function in gating-evoked release during postnatal synapse maturation. In mature boutons, Cav2.1 currents provide the almost exclusive trigger for evoked release, and Cav2.3 currents are required for the induction of presynaptic long-term potentiation. However, the functional significance of Cav2.2 remained elusive in mature boutons, although they remain present at active zones and continue contributing significantly to presynaptic Ca2+influx. Here, we addressed the functional significance of Cav2.2 and Cav2.3 at mature parallel-fiber (PF) to Purkinje neuron synapses of mice of either sex. These synapses are known to exhibit the corresponding developmental Cavsubtype changes in gating release. We addressed two hypotheses, namely that Cav2.2 and Cav2.3 are involved in triggering spontaneous glutamate release and that they are engaged in vesicle recruitment during repetitive evoked release. We found that spontaneous miniature release is Ca2+dependent. However, experiments with Cavsubtype-specific blockers excluded the spontaneous opening of Cavs as the Ca2+source for spontaneous glutamate release. Thus, neither Cav2.2 nor Cav2.3 controls spontaneous release from PF boutons. Furthermore, vesicle recruitment during brief bursts of APs was also independent of Ca2+influx through Cav2.2 and Cav2.3. However, Cav2.2, but not Cav2.3, currents significantly boosted vesicle recruitment during sustained high-frequency synaptic transmission. Thus, in mature PF boutons Cav2.2 channels are specifically required to sustain synaptic transmission during prolonged neuronal activity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAt young CNS synapses, action potential-evoked release is gated via three subtypes of voltage-gated Ca2+channels: Cav2.1, Cav2.2, and Cav2.3. During postnatal maturation, Cav2.2 and Cav2.3 lose their function in gating evoked release, such that at mature synapses Cav2.1 provides the almost exclusive source for triggering evoked release. Cav2.3 currents are required for the induction of presynaptic long-term potentiation. However, the function of the still abundant Cav2.2 in mature boutons remained largely elusive. Here, we studied mature cerebellar parallel-fiber synapses and found that Cav2.2 does not control spontaneous release. However, Ca2+influx through Cav2.2 significantly boosted vesicle recruitment during trains of action potentials. Thus, Cav2.2 in mature parallel-fiber boutons participate in sustaining synaptic transmission during prolonged activity.
O papel da Biologia Forense na resolução de crimes de grande repercussão no Brasil e no mundo: uma revisão
Authors: De Jesus Santos Ana Claudia , Montenegro A.K.A. 
Published: April 2023

A Biologia Forense é uma área da Biologia que dá suporte ao Direito, especialmente, à área criminal. A referida é composta por subáreas, tais como: entomologia, botânica, genética, hematologia forense, dentre outras. O biólogo forense é um investigador científico, que busca, coleta e analisa indícios ou vestígios biológicos relativos ao crime, em pessoas vivas, cadáveres e nos locais onde aquele ocorreu. No Brasil, assim como em outras partes do mundo, há um grande número de crimes que chocam a sociedade pelo perfil dos envolvidos, pela crueldade dos fatos e pelo inesperado, causando muitas vezes, comoção pública. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o papel da Biologia Forense na resolução de crimes de grande repercussão nacional e mundial, afim de ressaltar a sua importância nos referidos processos, promovendo ganhos para a sociedade. Alguns dos casos de destaques abordados no presente estudo foram, “o agricultor” (1° caso documentado de Entomologia Forense), “o Bebê de Lindbergh” e o da advogada Mércia Nakashima”, todos cometidos de forma inesperada e violenta, e sempre havendo vestígios biológicos, pois tanto o assassino, quanto a vítima são compostos por estes, ou seja, não existe crime perfeito; mesmo que o local seja modificado ou o corpo transferido, como o ocorrido em alguns exemplos mencionados. Assim, é muito importante que os estudos e as técnicas científicas evoluam constantemente, a fim de que nenhum caso fique sem solução, pois toda família tem o direito de saber o que aconteceu com o seu ente querido e que o criminoso pague perante a lei por seus crimes.
Narrar la ciudad: experiencia y apropiación videolúdica del ciclista urbano en YouTube
Authors: Moreno Reina Daniel , Cubides Serrano Edwin 
Published: April 2023

Desde la implementación de las primeras ciclorrutas en Bogotá, Colombia, a inicios de la década del 2000, la bicicleta se convirtió progresivamente en una alternativa de movilidad frente al transporte masivo. Si bien los corredores viales son, a menudo, un escenario de conflicto y de caos, estos también son lugares de expresión que dejan ver las formas de vida en la ciudad allí donde ocurren los desplazamientos. Este artículo de reflexión busca hacer la revisión de algunas expresiones videográficas que narran la ciudad desde los recorridos en bicicleta que se publican en YouTube. Estas creaciones construyen valores y representaciones de ciudad desde la creatividad, el juego y la lúdica; y, a su vez, demuestran apropiaciones narrativas y afectivas del espacio urbano en prácticas de movilidad convencionales e institucionalizadas, o disruptivas y transgresoras del espacio público.
Bayes' approach of linear regression to modeling the human development index in Indonesia
Authors: Fazriwanandi Achmad , Nohe Darnah Andi , Wasono Wasono 
Published: April 2023

Regression analysis is one of the data analysis techniques that can be used to examine the correlation between two variables, namely dependent variable and independent variable. It’s can be used to determine the parameter estimation of linear regression models are; the method of least squares or ordinary least square (OLS), Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), and the Bayes method. Bayes' method defines the parameter as a random variable that describes the initial comprehension of the parameter before the observation was initiated and elucidated in an initial distribution refer as the prior distribution. The prior distribution used in this study is the pseudo prior distribution. The Data used in this study is secondary data, namely human development index (HDI) data in 2020, which was obtained from the website of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). This study aims to estimate the regression model parameters using the Bayes method on the HDI data and the population data which adepts with information and communication technology (ICT) in Indonesia in 2020. The results of the specimen and analysis showed that population variables with ICT adepts have a significant effect on HDI variables. The results of the determination coefficient showed that 78.42% of HDI variables are affected by the population variables with ICT adepts while the remaining 21.58% are affected by other factors that have not been studied.
Keywords: Bayes method, human development index, information communication and technology, linear regression, pseudo prior.MSC2020: 62F15
Analisis regresi data panel terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM) kabupaten/kota di Jawa Timur tahun 2017-2021
Authors: Nikmah Ifadhotun 
Published: April 2023

The Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the main performance indicators that becomes a benchmark for the success of human development which consists of the dimensions of education, health and per capita expenditure. The government's role is very strategic in determining development priorities to realize an improved human development index. The purpose of this researchwas to determine the effect of the variables of Poverty Level, Economic Growth and GRDP per Capita on the Human Development Index (HDI) in 38 Regencies/Cities in East Java Province in 2017-2021. The technique used in this research is Panel Data Regression analysis. The result indicate that the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) Cross Section Weight was chosen as the best modelcompared to the Common Effect Model (CEM) and Random Effect Model (REM). Simultaneously, the poverty rate, economic growth and GRDP per capita have a significant effect on the HDI. Partially, poverty level and economic growth have a negative and significant impact on HDI in districts/cities in East Java, while income per capita has a positive and significant impact on HDI. Economic growth has a negative effect on HDI due to a contraction in economic growth to minus in 2021 due to the Covid-19 pandemic.The variable that has the most influence on the HDI is the poverty rate
Keywords: HDI, panel data regression, fixed effect model cross section weightMSC2020: 62J05