bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KMT-2022-BLG-0440Lb: A new q &lt; 10−4 microlensing planet with the central-resonant caustic degeneracy broken
Authors: Zhang Jiyuan , Zang Weicheng , Jung Youn Kil , Yang Hongjing , Gould Andrew , Sumi Takahiro , Mao Shude , Dong Subo ,   (Leading Authors), Albrow Michael D , Chung Sun-Ju , Han Cheongho , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration), Qian Qiyue , Liu Zhuokai , Maoz Dan , Penny Matthew T , Zhu Wei ,   (The MAP, and μFUN Follow-up Teams), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P , Bhattacharya Aparna , Bond Ian A , Fujii Hirosane , Fukui Akihiko , Hamada Ryusei , Hirao Yuki , Silva Stela Ishitani , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Matsumoto Sho , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Okamura Arisa , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J , Satoh Yuki , Suzuki Daisuke , Toda Taiga , Tomoyoshi Mio , Tristram Paul J , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Yamashita Kansuke ,   (The MOA Collaboration)
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the observations and analysis of a high-magnification microlensing planetary event, KMT-2022-BLG-0440, for which the weak and short-lived planetary signal was covered by both the KMTNet survey and follow-up observations. The binary-lens models with a central caustic provide the best fits, with a planet/host mass ratio, q = 0.75–1.00 × 10−4 at 1σ. The binary-lens models with a resonant caustic and a brown-dwarf mass ratio are both excluded by Δχ2 &gt; 70. The binary-source model can fit the anomaly well but is rejected by the ‘colour argument’ on the second source. From Bayesian analyses, it is estimated that the host star is likely a K or M dwarf located in the Galactic disc, the planet probably has a Neptune-mass, and the projected planet-host separation is $1.9^{+0.6}_{-0.7}$ or $4.6^{+1.4}_{-1.7}$  au, subject to the close/wide degeneracy. This is the third q &lt; 10−4 planet from a high-magnification planetary signal (A ≳ 65). Together with another such planet, KMT-2021-BLG-0171Lb, the ongoing follow-up program for the KMTNet high-magnification events has demonstrated its ability to detect high-magnification planetary signals for q &lt; 10−4 planets, which are challenging for the current microlensing surveys.
Intracluster light in the core of z ∼ 2 galaxy proto-clusters
Authors: Werner S V , Hatch N A , Matharu J , Gonzalez A H , Bahé Y M , Mei S , Noirot G , Wylezalek D 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Intracluster light is thought to originate from stars that were ripped away from their parent galaxies by gravitational tides and galaxy interactions during the build up of the cluster. The stars from such interactions will accumulate over time, so semi-analytic models suggest that the abundance of intracluster stars is negligible in young proto-clusters at z∼ 2 and grows to around a quarter of the stellar mass in the oldest, most mature clusters. In contrast to these theoretical expectations, we report on the detection of intracluster light within two proto-clusters at z= 2 using deep HST images. We use the colour of the intracluster light to estimate its mass-to-light ratio in annuli around the brightest cluster galaxies (BCG), up to a radius of 100 kpc. We find that 54 ± 5 per cent and 71 ± 3 per cent of the stellar mass in these regions is located more than 10 kpc away from the BCGs in the two proto-clusters. This low concentration is similar to BCGs in lower redshift clusters, and distinct from other massive proto-cluster galaxies. This suggests that intracluster stars are already present within the core 100 kpc of proto-clusters. We compare these observations to the Hydrangea hydrodynamical galaxy cluster simulations and find that intracluster stars are predicted to be a generic feature of group-sized haloes at z= 2. These intracluster stars will gradually move further away from the BCG as the proto-cluster assembles into a cluster.
Preoperative neurocognitive function as an independent survival prognostic marker in primary glioblastoma
Authors: Liouta Evangelia , Koutsarnakis Christos , Komaitis Spyridon , Kalyvas Aristotelis V , Drosos Evangelos , García-Gómez Juan M , Juan-Albarracín Javier , Katsaros Vasileios , Stavrinou Lampis , Stranjalis George 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Aim of the present study is to investigate whether preoperative neurocognitive status is prognostically associated with overall survival (OS) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients.

Methods
Ninety patients with dominant-hemisphere IDH-wild-type GBM were assessed by Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE), Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B parts, and Control Word Association Test (COWAT) phonemic and semantic subtests. Demographics, Karnofsky Performance Scale, tumor parameters, type of surgery, and adjuvant therapy data were available for patients.

Results
According to Cox proportional hazards model the neurocognitive variables of TMT B (P &lt; .01), COWAT semantic subset (P &lt; .05), and the MMSE (P &lt; .01) were found significantly associated with survival prediction. From all other factors, only tumor volume and operation type (debulking vs biopsy) showed a statistical association (P &lt; .05) with survival prediction. Kaplan Meier Long rank test showed statistical significance (P &lt; .01) between unimpaired and impaired groups for TMT B, with median survival for the unimpaired group 26 months and 10 months for the impaired group, for COWAT semantic (P &lt; .01) with median survival 23 months and 12 months, respectively and for MMSE (P &lt; .01) with medial survival 19 and 12 months respectively.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that neurocognitive status at baseline—prior to treatment—is an independent prognostic factor for OS in wild-type GBM patients, adding another prognostic tool to assist physicians in selecting the best treatment plan.
Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: Interaction Assessment Between Hyperglycemia and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the State of Georgia, 2015–2020
Authors: Houck Kennedy , Chakhaia Tsira , Gorvetzian Sarah , Critchley Julia A , Schechter Marcos C , Magee Matthew J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are independent risk factors for poor outcomes among people with tuberculosis (TB). To date, information on the joint impact of diabetes and HIV on TB outcomes is limited. We aimed to estimate (1) the association between hyperglycemia and mortality and (2) the effect of joint exposure to diabetes and HIV on mortality.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among people with TB in the state of Georgia between 2015 and 2020. Eligible participants were 16 or older, did not have a previous TB diagnosis, and were microbiologically confirmed or clinical cases. Participants were followed during TB treatment. Robust Poisson regression was used to estimate risk ratios for all-cause mortality. Interaction between diabetes and HIV was assessed on the additive scale using the attributable proportion and on the multiplicative scale with product terms in regression models.

Results
Of 1109 participants, 318 (28.7%) had diabetes, 92 (8.3%) were HIV positive, and 15 (1.4%) had diabetes and HIV. Overall, 9.8% died during TB treatment. Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of death among people with TB (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62–4.13). We estimated that 26% (95% CI, −43.4% to 95.0%) of deaths among participants with diabetes mellitus and HIV were due to biologic interaction.

Conclusions
Diabetes alone and co-occurring diabetes and HIV were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality during TB treatment. These data suggest a potential synergistic effect between diabetes and HIV.
An Experimental Study of the Effect of Pressure on the Formation of Chromite Deposits
Authors: Drage Natashia , Brenan James 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Despite extensive research on massive chromitites, the mechanism(s) that form such anomalous chromite segregations remains uncertain. Recent work that considered a theoretical parental melt to the Critical Zone of the Bushveld Complex applied the MELTS thermodynamic model to propose that reduction of pressure upon magma ascent shifts the silicate-in temperature to lower values, such that chromite is the sole liquidus phase, resulting in formation of chromitites. Herein the effect of pressure on Cr solubility at constant fO2 relative to the FMQ buffer is evaluated through laboratory phase equilibrium experiments done at 0.1 MPa, 0.5 GPa, and 1 GPa. Two bulk compositions were employed: (1) the theoretical melt used in the MELTS modelling study and (2) B1, which is a widely accepted parental composition to the Bushveld Critical Zone. Experiments were conducted at 0.1 MPa by equilibrating compositions on Fe-Ir alloy wire loops from 1170–1300°C in a vertical-tube, gas-mixing furnace for 12–48 hours. Experiments at 0.5 GPa and 1 GPa were conducted with a piston-cylinder apparatus at 1230°C and 1280°C for 4–12 hours using Fe-Ir alloy and graphite-lined Pt capsules. Experiments show that the B1 composition reproduces phase equilibria and mineral compositions observed in the Bushveld whereas mineral compositions produced by the theoretical melt composition used in the MELTS modelling study are too Al-rich, excluding it as viable parental liquid. Results show no significant change in Cr content of the melt at chromite saturation with pressure at constant relative fO2. However, reduction of pressure can promote chromite crystallization, as the modal abundance and DCr(px/liq) of orthopyroxene decrease with pressure in experiments, increasing the availability of Cr for chromite crystallization. While a low-pressure interval of chromite-alone crystallization is plausible, results indicate that significant volumes of unusually Cr-enriched B1 magma would be required to produce the chromitites observed in the Bushveld by the pressure reduction mechanism.
Experimentally probing anomalous time evolution of a single photon
Authors: Okamoto Ryo , Cohen Eliahu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In quantum mechanics, a quantum system is irreversibly collapsed by a projective measurement. Hence, delicately probing the time evolution of a quantum system holds the key to understanding curious phenomena. Here, we experimentally explore an anomalous time evolution, where, illustratively, a particle disappears from a box and emerges in a different box, with a certain moment in which it can be found in neither of them. In this experiment, we directly probe this curious time evolution of a single photon by measuring up to triple-operator sequential weak values (SWVs) using a novel probeless scheme. The naive interpretation provided by single-operator weak values (WVs) seems to imply the “disappearance” and “re-appearance” of a photon as theoretically predicted. However, double- and triple-operator SWVs, representing temporal correlations between the aforementioned values, show that spatial information about the photon does not entirely vanish in the intermediate time. These results show that local values (in space and time) alone, such as single-operator WVs, cannot fully explain all types of quantum evolution in time—higher order correlations are necessary in general, shedding new light on time evolution in quantum mechanics. The probeless measurement technique proposed here for measuring multiple-operator WVs can be straightforwardly extended to study various other cases of curious quantum evolution in time.
Women Experts and Gender Bias in Political Media
Authors: Ozer Adam L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Widely held gender stereotypes present obstacles for women experts, who are generally evaluated less positively than equally qualified men across a range of fields. While audiences may view women as better equipped to handle certain feminine-stereotyped issues, Role Congruency Theory suggests that expert authority in politics may be incongruent with traditional feminine gender roles, leading to a subsequent backlash. Building upon the latter theory, I hypothesize that when cued to consider the expertise of a news source, the (in)congruence of gender-stereotyped roles will activate gender biases which increase the gap in evaluations and trust of women and men. Using selection experiments, I assess the relationship between domain-relevant expertise and gender biases across a range of gender-stereotyped issues. I find that women experts are rewarded less for additional expertise and punished more severely for a lack of expertise, exacerbating gender-based biases relative to the control. I find that this pattern is consistent across both masculine- and feminine-stereotyped issues, including issues that disproportionately impact women, such as women’s health care and the gender wage gap. The addition of competing partisan cues, however, overwhelms the influence of gender. The normative implications suggest women in the media often face an uphill battle to advocate for their interests on key issues that affect them even when they may have more direct relevant experience in addition to their qualifications.
Human ESC-derived vascular cells promote vascular regeneration in a HIF-1α dependent manner
Authors: Lei Jinghui , Jiang Xiaoyu , Huang Daoyuan , Jing Ying , Yang Shanshan , Geng Lingling , Yan Yupeng , Zheng Fangshuo , Cheng Fang , Zhang Weiqi , Belmonte Juan Carlos Izpisua , Liu Guang-Hui , Wang Si , Qu Jing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), a core transcription factor responding to changes in cellular oxygen levels, is closely associated with a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions. However, its differential impacts on vascular cell types and molecular programs modulating human vascular homeostasis and regeneration remain largely elusive. Here, we applied CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of human embryonic stem cells and directed differentiation to generate HIF-1α-deficient human vascular cells including vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a platform for discovering cell type-specific hypoxia-induced response mechanisms. Through comparative molecular profiling across cell types under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, we provide insight into the indispensable role of HIF-1α in the promotion of ischemic vascular regeneration. We found human MSCs to be the vascular cell type most susceptible to HIF-1α deficiency, and that transcriptional inactivation of ANKZF1, an effector of HIF-1α, impaired pro-angiogenic processes. Altogether, our findings deepen the understanding of HIF-1α in human angiogenesis and support further explorations of novel therapeutic strategies of vascular regeneration against ischemic damage.
Childhood secondhand smoke exposure and respiratory disease mortality among never-smokers: the Japan collaborative cohort study for evaluation of cancer risk
Authors: Kawachi Haruna , Teramoto Masayuki , Muraki Isao , Shirai Kokoro , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Tamakoshi Akiko , Iso Hiroyasu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The main source of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during childhood occurs at home due to close family members who smoke. This study examined the association between childhood SHS exposure and the risk of respiratory disease mortality among non-smoking adults.

Methods
Data from 44 233 never-smoking Japanese men and women aged 40–79 years who participated in the JACC study between 1988 and 1990 were analyzed. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of respiratory disease mortality according to the number of smoking family members during childhood. Subdistribution HRs (SHRs) were calculated as a competing risk analysis.

Results
A total of 735 deaths from respiratory diseases were documented in a median follow-up of 19.2 years. Living with three or more smoking family members during childhood was associated with a higher risk of respiratory disease mortality in adulthood among women; multivariable SHR compared with participants with no family member smokers during childhood was 1.60 (1.01–2.54) for participants with three or more family members who smoked during their childhood.

Conclusions
SHS exposure from three or more family members during childhood was associated with an increased risk of respiratory disease-related mortality in adulthood.
Suicidal ideation and associated risk factors among COVID-19 patients who recovered from the first wave of the pandemic in Wuhan, China
Authors: Chen Xu , Dai Zhenwei , Fu Jiaqi , Si Mingyu , Jing Shu , Wu Yijin , Wang Hao , Huang Yiman , Cui Dan , Qu Yimin , Su Xiaoyou 
Published: May 2023

Summary

Background
Symptoms of psychiatric, neurological, and physical illnesses with post-COVID syndrome could increase suicidal ideation (SI) and behavior in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors. However, information on the level of SI among COVID-19 survivors in China is still limited.

Aim
To assess the prevalence and risk factors of SI among COVID-19 survivors in Wuhan, China.

Design
The cross-sectional study was carried out among former COVID-19 patients in Jianghan District (Wuhan, China) from June 10 to July 25, 2021.

Methods
SI, fatigue, stigma, sleep disorder, resilience, peace of mind, and social support of the participants were measured by the SI-related item, Fatigue Scale (FS-14), short version of COVID-19 Stigma Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), The Peace of Mind Scale (PoM), The Resilience Style Questionnaire (RSQ) and two single separate items for measuring social support. Logistic regression was utilized to identify associated factors of SI. Mediation analysis was performed to assess the potential mechanisms between psychological factors and SI.

Results
A total of 1,297 participants were included in this study. 6.7% of them reported SI. Marriage (AOR = 0.389, P = 0.003) and peace of mind (AOR = 0.854, P &lt; 0.001) were negatively associated with SI. History of psychological or emotional counseling before COVID-19 infection (AOR = 1.889, P = 0.049), fatigue (AOR = 1.110, P = 0.007), higher self-reported COVID-19 related stigma (AOR = 1.054, P = 0.003) and sleep disorder (AOR = 1.112, P = 0.001) were positively associated with SI.

Conclusions
Consideration should be taken into account to develop appropriate alleviating measures such as mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to reduce the rates of SI among COVID-19 survivors and improve their resilience to cope with the personal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Vacancy Durations and Entry Wages: Evidence from Linked Vacancy–Employer–Employee Data
Authors: Mueller Andreas I , Osterwalder Damian , Zweimüller Josef , Kettemann Andreas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article explores the relationship between the duration of a vacancy and the starting wage of a new job, using linked data on vacancies, the posting establishments, and the workers eventually filling the vacancies. The unique combination of large-scale, administrative worker, establishment, and vacancy data is critical for separating establishment- and job-level determinants of vacancy duration from worker-level heterogeneity. Conditional on observables, we find that vacancy duration is negatively correlated with the starting wage and its establishment component, with precisely estimated elasticities of −0.07 and −0.21, respectively. While the negative relationship is qualitatively consistent with search-theoretic models where firms use the wage as a recruiting device, these elasticities are small, suggesting that firms’ wage policies can account only for a small fraction of the variation in vacancy filling across establishments.
Separate Spheres: The Gender Division of Labor in the Financial Elite
Authors: Yavorsky Jill E , Keister Lisa A , Qian Yue , Thébaud Sarah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, the financial elite have seen their economic resources grow significantly, while the income and wealth of other households have stagnated. The financial elite includes couples who are super-rich (top one percent), rich (the 90th–99th percentile), and upper-middle class (the 80th–89th percentile). Gendered work–family arrangements in top economic groups may contribute to inequality—particularly to wealth accumulation among the elite—but relatively little is known about how these couples divide paid and unpaid work or the extent to which their arrangements differ from other couples. In this study, we uncover novel work and family patterns and trends in the most economically powerful families in the United States. We use the Survey of Consumer Finances (1989–2019) to compare the household division of labor across income and wealth groups and over time, with a focus on financial elites. We find stark contrasts between super-rich couples and other couples in the division of labor. Specifically, super-rich couples are much more likely than all other couples, including rich and upper-middle class couples, to have a traditional male breadwinner–female homemaker/caregiver arrangement. Importantly, the striking patterns of traditional arrangements in the top one percent have not changed in 30 years and, as we uncover, appear to be driven by a couple’s wealth rather than income. These findings suggest that work–family arrangements may be an integral component of economic and gender inequality.
Implementation Challenges of T Visa Eligibility for Human Trafficking Survivors: A Role for Social Work
Authors: Carlson William C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The passage of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA) and subsequent creation of a residency process for nonresident survivors of human trafficking (the T Visa) are notable milestones in the United States’ effort to address the problem of human trafficking and provide essential supports to trafficking survivors. However, current implementation of the statute’s eligibility criteria for accessing entitlements and protections contributes to a potential for retraumatization, further traumatization, and other continued harms to survivors. The present article explores the structural and conceptual limitations of current T Visa policy and of recent annual policy guidance materials as important contributors to these policy implementation problems. Resulting problems are identified as an ambiguity of definitions and thresholds, a narrow conceptualization of victimhood, and the contradictory relationship between protection and prosecution. This article then utilizes a trauma-informed social policy framework to identify multisystemic action steps for social workers to address these limitations and improve the T Visa process for trafficking survivors. These actions steps provide an essential road map for closing the gap between the policy goals of the TVPA and its current implementation.