bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The wisdom of crowds for improved disaster resilience: a near-real-time analysis of crowdsourced social media data on the 2021 flood in Germany
Authors: Moghadas Mahsa , Fekete Alexander , Rajabifard Abbas , Kötter Theo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTransformative disaster resilience in times of climate change underscores the importance of reflexive governance, facilitation of socio-technical advancement, co-creation of knowledge, and innovative and bottom-up approaches. However, implementing these capacity-building processes by relying on census-based datasets and nomothetic (or top-down) approaches remains challenging for many jurisdictions. Web 2.0 knowledge sharing via online social networks, whereas, provides a unique opportunity and valuable data sources to complement existing approaches, understand dynamics within large communities of individuals, and incorporate collective intelligence into disaster resilience studies. Using Twitter data (passive crowdsourcing) and an online survey, this study draws on the wisdom of crowds and public judgment in near-real-time disaster phases when the flood disaster hit Germany in July 2021. Latent Dirichlet Allocation, an unsupervised machine learning technique for Topic Modeling, was applied to the corpora of two data sources to identify topics associated with different disaster phases. In addition to semantic (textual) analysis, spatiotemporal patterns of online disaster communication were analyzed to determine the contribution patterns associated with the affected areas. Finally, the extracted topics discussed online were compiled into five themes related to disaster resilience capacities (preventive, anticipative, absorptive, adaptive, and transformative). The near-real-time collective sensing approach reflected optimized diversity and a spectrum of people’s experiences and knowledge regarding flooding disasters and highlighted communities’ sociocultural characteristics. This bottom-up approach could be an innovative alternative to traditional participatory techniques of organizing meetings and workshops for situational analysis and timely unfolding of such events at a fraction of the cost to inform disaster resilience initiatives.
New lower bounds for optimal horoball packing density in hyperbolic n-space for $$6 \le n \le 9$$
Authors: Kozma Robert Thijs , Szirmai Jenő 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKoszul type Coxeter simplex tilings exist in hyperbolic n-space $$\mathbb {H}^n$$

H

n

up to $$ n = 9$$

n
=
9

, and their horoball packings achieve the highest known regular ball packing densities for $$n = 3, 4, 5$$

n
=
3
,
4
,
5

. In this paper we determine the optimal horoball packing densities of Koszul simplex tilings in dimensions $$6 \le n \le 9$$

6
≤
n
≤
9

, which give new lower bounds for optimal packing density in each dimension. The symmetries of the packings are given by Coxeter simplex groups, and a parameter related to the Busemann function gives an isometry invariant description of different optimal horoball packing configurations.
Thompson-like groups, Reidemeister numbers, and fixed points
Authors: Lins de Araujo Paula M. , de Oliveira-Tosti Altair S. , Santos Rego Yuri 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate fixed-point properties of automorphisms of groups similar to Richard Thompson’s group$$F$$F. Revisiting work of Gonçalves and Kochloukova, we deduce a cohomological criterion to detect infinite fixed-point sets in the abelianization, implying the so-called property$$R_\infty $$R∞. Using the Bieri–Neumann–Strebel$$\varSigma $$Σ-invariant and drawing from works of Gonçalves–Sankaran–Strebel and Zaremsky, we show that our tool applies to many$$F$$F-like groups, including Stein’s group$$F_{2,3}$$F2,3, cleary’s irrational-slope group$$F_\tau $$Fτ, the Lodha–Moore groups, and the braided version of$$F$$F.
Thalidomide interaction with inflammation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Dsouza Nikitha Naomi , Alampady Varun , Baby Krishnaprasad , Maity Swastika , Byregowda Bharath Harohalli , Nayak Yogendra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe “Thalidomide tragedy” is a landmark in the history of the pharmaceutical industry. Despite limited clinical trials, there is a continuous effort to investigate thalidomide as a drug for cancer and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lepromatous leprosy, and COVID-19. This review focuses on the possibilities of targeting inflammation by repurposing thalidomide for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Articles were searched from the Scopus database, sorted, and selected articles were reviewed. The content includes the proven mechanisms of action of thalidomide relevant to IPF. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and epigenetic mechanisms are major pathogenic factors in IPF. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the major biomarker of IPF. Thalidomide is an effective anti-inflammatory drug in inhibiting TGF-β, interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Thalidomide binds cereblon, a process that is involved in the proposed mechanism in specific cancers such as breast cancer, colon cancer, multiple myeloma, and lung cancer. Cereblon is involved in activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-TGF-β/Smad signalling, thereby attenuating fibrosis. The past few years have witnessed an improvement in the identification of biomarkers and diagnostic technologies in respiratory diseases, partly because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, investment in clinical trials with a systematic plan can help repurpose thalidomide for pulmonary fibrosis.
Graphical Abstract
Ancient Conflagration: a Reconstruction of a Middle Formative Fire at the Chiripa Mound, Bolivia
Authors: Goodman-Elgar Melissa A. , Langlie BrieAnna S. , Davenport Nichole S. , Moore Katherine M. , Hastorf Christine A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, we assess competing interpretations of a burnt ceremonial structure from the terminal Middle Formative period (ca. 300–100 BCE) by analyzing the stepped platform mound at Chiripa, Bolivia, through a systematic reconstruction of the fire that destroyed it. We developed a model of potential fire pathways, their social contexts, and material indicators. Our approach contrasts incipient fires from accident or arson to planned fires initiated for functional or social ends. We assessed these pathways for the Chiripa mound fire through experimental, geoarchaeological, faunal, and botanical data. Experiments were aimed at deducing the temperature, duration, and oxidation conditions of the fire. The fire temperature and duration were approximated from geoarchaeological analyses of construction materials in comparison with controls, and thermal alteration of faunal bone. Fuels were reconstructed through paleoethnobotanical analysis of charred remains from discrete areas within the burnt structure. We conclude that an intentional fire burned the structures on the Chiripa mound to temperatures of 700 °C or higher under oxidizing conditions for several hours. The pattern of heat-altered materials recovered would have required a substantial supplemental fuel load. At the 3840 masl elevation of Chiripa, the effective control of a high temperature oxidizing fire demonstrates technical expertise in fire management. Our findings indicate the fire appears intentional, likely a ritual event. We believe the structures were burned to facilitate a socio-political change during a period of social transition at the end of the Middle Formative period in Bolivia.
The influence of spin state of the Cr ions on the structural and magnetic behavior of orthorhombic LaFe1−xCrxO3 Perovskites (0.0<x<0.5)
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed H. , Abbas Yehia M. , Aziz Randa A. Abdel , Mosaad S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHerein, we report, for the first time, the influence of the state of spin of the Cr3+ ions on the structure and magnetic behavior of LaFe1−xCrxO3 (0.0 < x < 0.5) perovskite crystal structures to improve their magnetic properties for memory storage and magneto-optical application potential. A series of LaFe1−xCrxO3 (0.0 < x < 0.5) nanocrystals was prepared using the citrate-nitrate auto-combustion route. The influence of the Cr3+ ions on the structure and morphology of the LaFe1−xCrxO3 nanostructures was emphasized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the selected area of electron diffraction (SAED), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the inclusion of the Cr3+ ions into the Fe3+ sites leads to an increase in the crystallite size of the LaFe1−xCrxO3 (0.0 < x < 0.5) nanocrystals, from 16.12 to 57.29 nm, to preserve their orthorhombic crystal symmetry. The phase stability and the electron density mapping of the prepared orthoferrite nanocrystals were verified using the Goldschmidt tolerance factor and Rietveld refinement. The magnetic properties were evaluated and discussed based on Kanamori–Goodenough (KG) regulations and Heisenberg Hamiltonian notation. The results showed that the inclusion of the 20 mol% of Cr3+ ions in the Fe sites results in an enhancement of the magnetic parameters. The enhancement of the magnetic behavior was argued to the tendency of the Cr3+ ions to be in the high spin state when included in the Fe3+ ions site. This improvement in the magnetic performance of the LaFe1−xCrxO3 (x = 0.2) nanocrystals will open a new avenue for using this nanomagnetic material in the fields of memory storage and magneto-optical devices.
Effects of tidal volume challenge on the reliability of plethysmography variability index in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeries: a prospective interventional study
Authors: Botros J. M. , Salem Y. S. M. , Khalil M. , Algyar M. F. , Yassin H. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The plethysmography variability index (PVI) is a non-invasive, real-time, and automated parameter for evaluating fluid responsiveness, but it does not reliably predict fluid responsiveness during low tidal volume (VT) ventilation. We hypothesized that in a ‘tidal volume challenge’ with a transient increase in tidal volume from 6 to 8 ml Kg− 1, the changes in PVI could predict fluid responsiveness reliably.

Method
We performed a prospective interventional study in adult patients undergoing hepatobiliary or pancreatic tumor resections and receiving controlled low VT ventilation. The values for PVI, perfusion index, stroke volume variation, and stroke volume index (SVI) were recorded at baseline VT of 6 ml Kg− 1, 1 min after the VT challenge (8 ml Kg− 1), 1 min after VT 6 ml Kg− 1 reduced back again, and then 5 min after crystalloid fluid bolus 6 ml kg− 1 (actual body weight) administered over 10 min. The fluid responders were identified by SVI rise ≥ 10% after the fluid bolus.

Results
The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for PVI value change (ΔPVI6–8) after increasing VT from 6 to 8 ml Kg− 1 was 0.86 (95% confidence interval, 0.76–0.96), P < 0.001, 95% sensitivity, 68% specificity, and with best cut-off value of absolute change (ΔPVI6–8) = 2.5%.

Conclusion
In hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeries, tidal volume challenge improves the reliability of PVI for predicting fluid responsiveness and changes in PVI values obtained after tidal volume challenge are comparable to the changes in SVI.
The Efficacy of Voluntary Self-Exclusions in Reducing Gambling Among a Real-World Sample of British Online Casino Players
Authors: Hopfgartner Niklas , Auer Michael , Helic Denis , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOnline gambling is a socially acceptable means of entertainment, but it can also have a negative impact on many areas of life and lead to problem gambling for a minority of individuals. In recent years, gambling operators have increasingly implemented responsible gambling tools to help at-risk gamblers control and limit their gambling. One such tool is voluntary self-exclusion (VSE), where gamblers can exclude themselves from the gambling platform for a self-selected period of time. Despite the widespread use of VSE, there are few published studies on the efficacy of VSE among online gamblers and none on whether (and what type of) gamblers return to gambling after self-exclusion and how VSE affects their wagering if they return. Using a secondary dataset, the present study empirically analyzed a real-world sample of 3,203 British online casino players who opted for a VSE between January 2021 and August 2022. Analysis showed that most players who took a short-term VSE (up to 38 days) started gambling again on the platform after their self-exclusion ended, while players who opted for long-term self-exclusion (more than 90 days) did not start gambling again on the platform. A return to the gambling platform after VSE was positively associated with (i) a shorter duration of the self-exclusion, (ii) being female, (iii) gambling on more days, (iv) placing more bets, (v) playing fewer type of games, and (vi) having a lower average number of deposits per day. Players who returned from VSE did not change their wagering compared to a matched control group. These results suggest that short-term VSE may not be as effective as long-term VSE in reducing gambling. Overall, the present findings suggest that gamblers returning from VSE should be closely monitored, especially if the reason for self-exclusion is related to problem gambling.
The effect of preparation conditions of chalcone based benzoxazine/magnetite nanocomposites on magnetization properties
Authors: Mandour Hamada S. A. , Rehab Ahmed , Elnahrawy Mohamed , Salahuddin Nehal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the current study, a hydroxylated chalcone (1-phenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, 4-aminobenzoic acid, and paraformaldehyde were combined in ethanol/toluene solvent to form a new benzoxazine monomer. 1H NMR and FTIR analysis were used to confirm the produced monomer. Polybenzoxazine was prepared by the thermal curing of chalcone-based benzoxazine monomer and examined using FTIR and XRD. Magnetite nanoparticles were prepared using two different solvents and mixed with benzoxazine monomer at various ratios, followed by insitu thermal curing to prepare polybenzoxazine/magnetite nanocomposites. These nanocomposites were analyzed by FTIR, XRD, DSC and TGA were used to examine the thermal characteristics of the resulted materials. The surface morphology was investigated using SEM, and the magnetic property was measured by VSM. The resulting benzoxazine monomer has a low curing temperature (160 °C). The addition of nanoparticles of magnetite to benzoxazine improved its thermal stability. Also, the inclusion procedure of magnetite into benzoxazine has a significant impact on its saturation magnetization.
Robustly embodied imagination and the limits of perspective-taking
Authors: Clavel Vázquez María Jimena , Clavel-Vázquez Adriana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExperiential imagination consists in an imaginative projection that aims at simulating the experiences one would undergo in different circumstances. It has been traditionally thought to play a role in how we build our lives, engage with other agents, and appreciate art. Although some philosophers have recently expressed doubts over the capacity of experiential imagination to offer insight into the perspective of someone other than our present-selves, experiential imagination remains a much sought-after tool. This paper substantiates pessimism about the epistemological value of these uses of experiential imagination by developing an embodied approach. Our thesis is that experiential imagination is robustly embodied because the sociohistorically situated body makes an irreducible contribution to the imaginative project, and that, as such, it is constrained by who we are as concrete agents. We argue that experiential imagination is an embodied, virtual exploration of imagined scenarios that depends on our situated history of sensorimotor and affective interactions. We conclude that experiential imagination is much more limited than commonly acknowledged, as it can hardly be divorced from who we are and where we have been.
Carsharing users’ behaviour and attitudes. The role of car availability in households
Authors: Vejchodská Eliška , Brůhová Foltýnová Hana , Rybičková Alena 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper provides insights into differences in carsharing users' attitudes, motives for joining carsharing, and transport behaviour between users with and without another car at their disposal. It builds on revealed and stated data about members of the oldest carsharing company in the Czech Republic. Carsharing adopters without a car utilise shared cars more intensively than carsharing users with a car available in their household. On the other hand, unlike the second group, they drive fewer kilometres by car in total. The car availability in households also influences the shift in car use after joining carsharing. The sale of a car thanks to adopting carsharing is a factor leading to a decrease in overall car use. Those who have a car at their disposal within their household have a lower probability of decreasing kilometres driven after joining carsharing. Households without an additional car available seem to be less car-dependent on average than those utilising carsharing as a second or third car. They tend to be more environmentally conscious and more inclined towards policies supporting alternative modes and restricting private car use, although both groups share these beliefs. The findings open a debate over whether carsharing increases the legitimacy of restrictive transport measures against private car ownership and use.
Scheduling IDK classifiers with arbitrary dependences to minimize the expected time to successful classification
Authors: Abdelzaher Tarek , Agrawal Kunal , Baruah Sanjoy , Burns Alan , Davis Robert I. , Guo Zhishan , Hu Yigong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces and evaluates a general construct for trading off accuracy and overall execution duration in classification-based machine perception problems—namely, the generalized IDK classifier cascade. The aim is to select the optimal sequence of classifiers required to minimize the expected (i.e. average) execution duration needed to achieve successful classification, subject to a constraint on quality, and optionally a latency constraint on the worst-case execution duration. An IDK classifier is a software component that attempts to categorize each input provided to it into one of a fixed set of classes, returning “I Don’t Know” (IDK) if it is unable to do so with the required level of confidence. An ensemble of several different IDK classifiers may be available for the same classification problem, offering different trade-offs between effectiveness (i.e. the probability of successful classification) and timeliness (i.e. execution duration). A model for representing such characteristics is defined, and a method is proposed for determining the values of the model parameters for a given ensemble of IDK classifiers. Optimal algorithms are developed for sequentially ordering IDK classifiers into an IDK cascade, such that the expected duration to successfully classify an input is minimized, optionally subject to a latency constraint on the worst-case overall execution duration of the IDK cascade. The entire methodology is applied to two real-world case studies. In contrast to prior work, the methodology developed in this paper caters for arbitrary dependences between the probabilities of successful classification for different IDK classifiers. Effective practical solutions are developed considering both single and multiple processors.
Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci as a cause of mastitis in domestic ruminants: current knowledge, advances, biomedical applications, and future perspectives – a systematic review
Authors: Ruiz-Romero Rocio Angélica , Vargas-Bello-Pérez Einar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNon-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) are one of the most common causes of subclinical mastitis in dairy animals and the extent of damage by intramammary infections (IMI) caused by NASM is still under debate. The different effects of NASM on the mammary gland may be associated with differences between bacterial species. NASM are normal and abundant colonizers of humans and animals and become pathogenic only in certain situations. The veterinary interest in NASM has been intense for the last 25 years, due to the strongly increasing rate of opportunistic infections. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a general background of the NASM as a cause of mastitis and the most recent advances that exist to prevent and fight the biofilm formation of this group of bacteria, introduce new biomedical applications that could be used in dairy herds to reduce the risk of chronic and recurrent infections, potentially responsible for economic losses due to reduced milk production and quality. Effective treatment of biofilm infection requires a dual approach through a combination of antibiofilm and antimicrobial agents. Even though research on the development of biofilms is mainly focused on human medicine, this technology must be developed at the same time in veterinary medicine, especially in the dairy industry where IMI are extremely common.
Chemical Activation of Sludge from Drinking Water Treatment Plant for Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye
Authors: Soliman Mohamed F. , Rashed M. Nageeb , Ahmd Abeer Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to explore the preparation and application of sludge produced in plants of drinking water treatment, to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from polluted water. Adsorbate (methylene blue) is prepared in the lab. as a stock solution. To create new adsorbents, chemical activation of the used sludge has been carried out. The activation is performed by HCl and H2O2 and a mixture of HCl and H2O2. The experiments were carried out under different boundary conditions, like the initial concentration of dye, dosage of adsorbent, solution pH, contact time, and temperature of the adsorption, to determine the optimum boundary conditions for operation. All of the experiments in this study were carried out in a batch system. The results show that sludge activation by a mixture of 2:1 HCl/ H2O2 was selected as the best chemically activated adsorbent (removal of 99.9%). For the best MB adsorption results, the following criteria must be met: 50 ppm initial dye concentration, 90 min of contact time, pH 7, and a dosage of 0.25 g of the adsorbent. Adsorbents suit the Langmuir and Freundlich models well, according to applications of the Freundlich Isotherm and Langmuir models.
Enhancing data protection with a distributed storage system based on the redundant residue number system
Authors: Gao Zhen , Shi Lu , Reviriego Pedro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBig data becomes the key for ubiquitous computing and intelligence, and Distributed Storage Systems (DSS) are widely used in large-scale data centers or in the cloud for efficient data management. However, the data on stored are likely to be unavailable due to hardware failures and cyberattacks, e.g. DDoS. Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) codes are commonly used for the recovery of faulty storage nodes or unavailable data. However, the recovery of data nodes usually involves access to multiple nodes, which introduces significant communication overheads to the DSS. In this paper, a new DSS based on the Redundant Residue Number System (RRNS) is proposed, where efficient recovery is enabled by applying the second version of Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT-II). The complexity and network traffic of the proposed data protection scheme is analyzed theoretically and compared with that of traditional MDS based DSSs. Experimental results show that the proposed DSS achieves lower encoding complexity, lower recovery complexity and lower network traffic than the MDS based schemes. Although the proposed data protection scheme introduces computation overheads for the case on which there are no failing nodes, its complexity is still lower for scenarios with frequent data updates. In addition, the proposed scheme introduces additional advantages in terms of security and storage flexibility.