bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trend analysis on Community-based Health Information Communication, Multi-Sectoral Approach and its Correlation with Children Nutritional Status in the Wonago District, Gede'o Zone, SNNPR of Ethiopia
Authors: Genalle Tesfaye Gedecho 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ethiopia has one of the highest prevalence of malnutrition among children and adults in sub-Saharan Africa. Poor nutrition and health will, in the long run, result in a poorly educated and unhealthy population. A researcher believed that public health has been influenced by multiple factors within societal life. Nutrition should be prioritized on the national development agenda as a fundamental component of long-term development efforts. To better understand the factors of malnutrition in children under the age of five, a cross-sectional study using a mix of qualitative and quantitative approaches was conducted in Gede'o Zone, SNNR Ethiopia. The collected data was entered into the statistical software SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. The analysis was conducted on three levels: first, the descriptive features of the data analysis; second, the association of the variables found in the leaner regression and bivariate correlation analysis; and third, qualitative inference. Findings from this study revealed that institutional mal-integration towards nutritional effort as limited involvement of other than health sector is concerned. Caregivers' child feeding practices are also heavily influenced by the socioeconomic features of the family. To address the nutritional problem of children under the age of five in Gede’o Zone of southern Ethiopia and also at national level, an integrated holistic approach involving several sectors and sub-sectors with clearly defined mainstreaming duties has been advocated.
Descriptive statistical analysis of noticed green areas benefits for human health
Authors: Loureiro Anna Isabel Silva , Melo Carrie Peres , Bressane Adriano 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Statement of problem. In the context of urban land-use growth and the consequent impacts on the environment, green spaces provide ecosystem services for human health.
Purpose. This study aims to determine what are the benefits of urban green areas on health most perceived by the population.
Materials and methods The following methods are used in the descriptive statistical analysis as frequency tables and boxplot with the main goal to visualize the distribution patterns and identify suitable ranges of important variables.
Results and Conclusions. People’s perception about green areas being beneficial for mental health and physical health are bigger than the importance they give about social health and green areas.
A Framework for Human Resource Management System Using Multi-Facet Security
Authors: Akule Simon Terlumun , Aimufua Gilbert I.O. , Muhammad Umar Abdullahi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Handling personnel records using clock-in and clock-out, which are achieved either manually or by other devices, has several issues. This is evident in procedures such as leave of absence management, when an employee is needed to fill out a document that may take many weeks or months to be authorized. Many scholars have developed a human resource management system to handle this issue. However, the existing technologies can handle some of the major concerns, such as obtaining personnel records, by establishing a central database to manage these records electronically. However, because the system is largely available on centralized servers, it is easily hacked and controlled. This paper focuses on the design of a framework for human resource management (HRM) systems using multi-facet security systems. Data flow and use case diagrams were created to demonstrate the system's capabilities. The framework provides access after biometric, user name, and facial recognition verification are successful. Implementing this framework will significantly reduce fraudulent activities and sharp practices within an organization.
The effect of chip formation on the cutting force and tool wear in high-speed milling Inconel 718
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Zhang Jingjie , Fan Guanghui , Xu Chonghai , Du Jin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Coated carbide tools are widely used in the processing of nickel-based superalloys due to their excellent wear resistance, high strength and good hardness at high temperatures. In this paper, the high-speed milling experiments and Finite Element Simulation of Inconel 718 are carried out by using PVD TiAlN coated carbide tools. Simulations of tool temperature, cutting force, and chip morphology were performed to analyze the effect of cutting speed on the degree of sawtooth chip formation and the effect of sawtooth chip formation on the cutting force and tool wear. The results show that the cutting temperature mainly focuses on the rake face, and with the cutting speed increasing from 60m/min to 120m/min, the maximum temperature of the rake face increases from 580℃ to 660℃. The maximum temperature region (MTR) on the rake face gradually approaches the tool nose with the decrease of the cutting speed. The generation of sawtooth chips leads to fluctuations in the cutting force component. As the cutting speed increases, the degree of chip sawing increases. The effect of the sawtooth chip on the fluctuation of the cutting force will also increase, thus increasing the degree of tool wear.
The critical role of neutrophil extracellular traps in pathological mineralization
Authors: Niu Li-na 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are initially perceived as bioactive webs for trapping pathogens to limit the spread of infection. Neutrophils suicidally release NETs upon stimulation by pathogens and other non-infectious factors such as micro-crystals. Here, the authors demonstrate, using in vitro and in vivo calculus mineralisation models, that NETs function as nucleation sites for mineralisation of calculus. The NETs are usually cleared by nucleases derived from the host’s body fluids or immune system. However, bacteria in the calculus microenvironment are capable of transforming NETs from the more common nuclease-susceptible B-form into the nuclease-resistant Z-form. The crosstalk between infection and the host immune system results in the development of calculus. These findings indicate that calculus formation may be controlled by regulating the NET-DNA configuration. The use of chloroquine for converting NET-Z-DNA into NET-B-DNA represents a new therapeutic solution for reducing the prevalence and recurrence of calculus in populations who are susceptible to the development of these ectopic mineralisation entities.
Sub-Macroscopic Inclusion Classification in Bearing Steels Based on LFCN and Ultrasonic Testing
Authors: Zhang Ningqing , Wang Yizhen , Chen Xiong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

With the improvement of science and technology, the demand for advanced steel with excellent performance has gradually increased. Therefore, the evaluation of steel internal cleanness is an important indicator for the evaluation of material quality. Sub-macroscopic inclusions, which size from 50um to 400um and cannot be detected under the domestic and international bearing steel testing standard, are bound to affect the quality, stability and service life of bearing steel seriously. Hence, the researches of inclusion control technology has gradually attracted attention in the academia and industrial manufacture field. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end LFCN classification model based on LSTM unit and 1DFCN, and verify the effectiveness on the large-scale sub-macroscopic inclusion signal data set collected by ultrasonic experiments. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one in this field that has acquire such large amount of experimental sub-macroscopic signal data and solve the classification task by FCN. Especially, our framework can accurately detect the features of sub-macroscopic inclusions, which meets the urgent need of the metallurgical industry. The accuracy rate of proposed model is 88.97%, which is state-of-the-art experimental result among other strong time series classifiers.
Transcriptomic and physiological analysis of Spirodela polyrrhiza responses to sodium nitroprusside
Authors: Zhang Yamei , Jia Rong , Hui Tanyue , Hu Yue , Wang Wenjing , Wang Yi , Wang Yong , Zhu Yerong , Yang Lin , Xiang Beibei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Spirodela polyrrhiza, a simple aquatic floating plant with great potential in synthetic biology. It has been noted that nitric oxide (NO) stimulates plant development and raises the biomass and flavonoid content in some plants. However, the molecular explanation on the mechanism of NO action is still unclear.
Results: S. polyrrhiza was treated with various concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as an NO donor. Physiological and transcriptomic analysis were performed in our study. The results showed that under low concentration SNP conditions, S. polyrrhiza alleviated malondialdehyde accumulation, increased levels of fresh weight, dry weight, starch, soluble protein, and flavonoids, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. 2776 genes were found to have differential expression in the S. polyrrhiza treated with 0.025 mM SNP and control groups by RNA-Seq. Of these DEGs, in comparison to the controls, 1425 genes were up-regulated and 1351 genes were down-regulated. The findings of the qRT-PCR study revealed that the expression of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, NO biosynthesis, as well as transcription factor (TF) was increased, while the expression of photosynthesis related-genes was decreased. Under SNP treatment, S. Polyrrhiza redirects metabolic flux of fixed CO2 into starch synthesis branch and flavonoid biosynthesis branches.
Conclusions: The results provide new insights into the mechanisms causing the accumulation of starch and flavonoids by SNP treatment, meanwhile, The SNP-regulated genes would make excellent candidates for synthetic biology to increase the flavonoid content in S. Polyrrhiza.
Resting-State fMRI reveals Longitudinal Alterations in Brain Network Connectivity in the zQ175DN mouse Model of Huntington's Disease
Authors: Vasilkovska Tamara , Adhikari Mohit H , Audekerke Johan Van , Pustina Dorian , Cachope Roger , Tang Haiying , Liu Longbin , Munoz-Sanjuan Ignacio , Linden Annemie Van der , Verhoye Marleen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Huntington's diseaseis an autosomal, dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by an expansion of the CAG repeats in exon 1 of the huntingtin gene. Neuronal degeneration and dysfunction that precedes regional atrophy result in the impairment of striatal and cortical circuits that affect the brain’s large-scale network functionality. However, the evolution of these disease-driven, large-scale connectivity alterations is still poorly understood.
Here we used resting-state (rs) fMRI to investigate functional connectivity changes in a mouse model of Huntington's diseasein several relevant brain networks and how they are affected at different ages that follow a disease-like phenotypic progression.
Methods:We acquired longitudinal rsfMRI in the heterozygous (HET) form of the zQ175DN Huntington's disease mouse model that recapitulates aspects of human disease pathology. Seed- and Region-based analyses were performed at different ages, on 3-, 6-, 10-, and 12-month-old HET and age-matched wild-type mice.
Results: Our results demonstrate decreased connectivity starting at 6 months of age, most prominently in regions such as the retrosplenial and cingulate cortices, pertaining to the default mode-like network and auditory and visual cortices, part of the associative cortical network. At 12 months, we observe a shift towards decreased connectivity in regions such as the somatosensory cortices, pertaining to the lateral cortical network, and the caudate putamen, a constituent of the subcortical network. Moreover, we assessed the impact of distinct Huntington’s Disease-like pathology of the zQ175DN HET mice on age-dependent connectivitybetween different brain regions and networks where we demonstrate that connectivity strength follows a nonlinear, inverted U-shape pattern, a well-known phenomenon of development and normal aging. Conversely, the neuropathologically driven alteration of connectivity, especially in the default mode and associative cortical networks, showed diminished age-dependent evolution of functional connectivity.
Conclusion: These findings reveal that in this Huntington's disease model, altered connectivity starts with cortical network aberrations which precede striatal connectivity changes, which appear only at a later age. Taken together, these results suggest that the age-dependent cortical network dysfunction seen in rodents could represent a relevant pathological process in Huntington's diseaseprogression.
A Cross Section Study for the Predictors Associated With Birth Weight
Authors: Nkeeto Bill , Yawe Bruno L. , Matovu Fred 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Birth weight has three possible outcomes that include normal birth weight (NBW) (2500 – 3999grams), low birth weight (less than 2500 grams), and macrosomia (at least 4000 grams and beyond). Low birth weight (LBW) and macrosomia are considered adverse outcomes of newborn health. The prevalence of LBW globally ranges from 7 – 17 %, whereas, that of macrosomia ranges from 4 – 16%. However, the information established in Uganda during the five years preceding the 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey (UDHS), only 67% of mothers had their weights taken at birth, indicating a 33% shortfall.
Methods
A cross-sectional research design was used on the basis of the dataset of the most recent UDHS of 2016. A sample of 4687 singleton births for which full information of birth weight was attained was used. The multinomial logistic regression model was fitted at both bivariate and multivariate levels with consideration for LBW, NBW, and macrosomia for which NBW was used as the base category. STATA 16 was used for data analysis.
Results
The results showed that premature birth delivery increases the risk of LBW (RRR 3.5, CI (2.029,5.886)); facility delivery reduces LBW (RRR0.58, CI (0.401, 0.850)). Adequate ANC attendance reduces the risk of LBW (RRR0.38, CI (0.182, 0.794)) and also reduces the risk of macrosomia (RRR0.6, CI (0.340, 1.052)). A male fetus increases the risk of macrosomia comparison category (RRR1.3, CI (1.223, 1.498)), primary education attainment reduces the relative risk of macrosomia (RRR0.8, CI (0.664,0.963)), secondary education increases the relative risk of macrosomia (RRR1.29, CI (1.022,1.634).
Conclusion
We recommend ANC attendance and facility delivery, given their positive effect on normal birth weight. ANC will guide the feeding habits of expectant mothers as well as ensure nutritional interventions, maternal and fetal assessment for detection of danger and establish the risky gender, implement any preventive measures, intervene in case of common physiological symptoms, and recommend the health system interventions to improve utilization of the available facilities.
Convergence in the Design of Final Palaeolitihc, Mesolithic and Ethnographic Projectile Points.
Authors: Serwatka Kamil 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn traditional hunting and gathering societies it is a common practice to fashion projectiles for different purposes. The spectrum of the available morphologies for projectiles and their tips is dictated by several kinds of constraints such as aerodynamic and mechanical properties, different hunting strategies, the available game or range of the shot. This article focuses on particular aspect of duality in primitive projectile technology interpreted with a fitness lanscape model. Using geometric morphometric analysis, the author argues that the duality in projectile morphology and performance characteristics observed in the studied projectile weapon systems is the result of technological and physical constraints placed upon primitive projectile technology. For a more comprehensive explanation of this phenomenon an optimality model explaining the devolopment of flexible projectile weapon systems is proposed.
Sixth-week immune-nutritional-inflammatory biomarkers: Can they predict clinical outcomes in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors?
Authors: Olgun Polat , Diker Ömer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
We explored the relationship between inflammatory markers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI), and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) to determine whether they could predict treatment response to pembrolizumab or nivolumab (immunotherapy). The data of 83 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immunotherapy as first/second-line treatment were retrospectively analyzed. We conducted a retrospective analysis to investigate the usefulness of NLR, PLR, LIPI, and the mGPS at baseline and 6 weeks after the start of treatment (post-treatment).
Methods
We included all patients with lung cancer who were treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) from March 2017 to November 2021 at Burhan Nalbantoğlu Government Hospital and Near East University Hospital (North Cyprus). We examined NLR, PLR LIPI, and mGPS trends and explored the association with progression-free survival (PFS) overall survival (OS), and response rates (RR) at 6 weeks.The relationship was evaluated by Cox regression analysis.
Results
Eighty-three patients were enrolled in the study. The presence of liver metastasis, low post-treatment NLR (< 5), low post-treatment PLR (< 170), intermediate post-treatment LIPI, and immune-related adverse events were significantly associated with response. Patients with a high post-treatment NLR (≥ 5) had significantly shorter PFS (HR: 1.1, p < 0.001), shorter OS (HR: 1.2, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high post-treatment NLR was an independent prognostic factor of shorter OS. Patients with a high post-treatment PLR (≥ 170) had significantly shorterPFS (HR: 1.0, p < 0.001) and OS (HR: 0.9, p < 0.001). A high post-treatment PLR remained an independent prognostic factor for OS in multivariate analysis (HR: 0.9, p < 0.001). A good LIPI status was associated with better PFS (p < 0.020)and OS (p < 0.065)in ICI therapy compared with intermediate or poor LIPI status. Post-treatment GPS independently predicted anti-PD1 treatment efficacy; a good post-treatment GPS (GPS 0–2) was significantly associated with improved PFS (p < 0.009) and OS (p < 0.064)
Conclusion
Posttreatment NLR, PLR, LIPI, and mGPS are associated with worse OS and recurrence. These findings should be validated independently and prospectively in further studies.
Unraveling the rate-determine step of C2+ products during electrochemical CO reduction
Authors: Deng Wanyu , Qiao Yu , Kastlunger Georg , Govindarajan Nitish , Xu Aoni , Zhang Peng , Chorkendorff Ib , Seger Brian , Gong Jinlong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 has drawn a large amount of attention due to its potential to produce sustainable fuels and chemicals by using renewable energy. However, the reaction’s mechanism is not yet well understood. A major debate is whether the rate-determine step (RDS) for the generation of multi-carbon (C2+) products is C-C coupling or CO hydrogenation. This work describes an experimental analysis of the RDS by investigating pH dependency, the kinetic isotope effect and the effect of CO partial pressure in relation to the activity of C2+ products. The experimental data shows the activity of C2+ products to be invariant with either pH or deuteration of the electrolyte, and a CO reaction order of 0 at CO pressure of 1 bar. These results elucidate the RDS of C2+ products to be the dimerization of two adsorbed *CO over polycrystalline Cu. This study provides comprehensive kinetic experimental data and a theoretical basis for subsequent enhancement of the production of C2+ products.
Cultural Malpractice and its Associated Factors During Pregnancy, Child Birth and Postnatal Period Among Women’s Who Give Birth Once at Dire Dawa City Administration, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Hailu Mickiale , Mohammed Aminu , Sintayehu Yitagesu , tadesse Daniel , Abera legesse , abdurashid Neil , Solomon Milkiyas , Ali Momina , Dejene Yesuneh , Mellese Dawit , Weldeamaniel Tadesse , Girma Meklit , Mengesha Teshale , Hailemariyam Tekelebirhan , Amsalu Sewmehon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: Cultural malpractices are defined as traditional practices which negatively affect the physical, sexual, and socio-economic participation of women and children. It is responsible for the annual deaths of 303,000 mothers and 2.7 million newborns globally. In developing countries, it accounts for about 5–15% of maternal deaths. In Ethiopia, about 18% of infant deaths occur due to cultural practice, and 52% of pregnant mothers give birth at home following cultural customs in Dire Dawa city.
Objective: To assess cultural malpractices and associated factors during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period in women who gave birth once in Dire Dawa, 2021.
Methodology: Community-based mixed study was conducted. A total of 624 study participants were selected through a systematic random sampling technique, and a purposive sampling method was used for qualitative data. Data was entered into Epi Data version 4.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done and the degree of association was measured by using the odds ratio with 95% CI and significance was declared at a p-value of < 0.05. The qualitative data was analyzed thematically using ATLAS-ti version 7.
Results: Theoverall prevalence of cultural malpractice during the perinatal period was 74.6% (462). Women over the age of 35 were nearly three times more likely [AOR 2.61, 95% CI, 1.455-4.722] to commit cultural malpractice than women aged 15–24 and 25–34. No ANC follow-up were nearly four times more likely to commit cultural malpractice [AOR 3.577, 95% CI, 1.72-7.408], absence health education were nearly two times more likely to commit cultural malpractice [AOR 1.83, 95%CI, 1.25–2.67], and women whose culture allows harmful traditional practices were nearly two times more likely to commit cultural malpractices than their counterparts [AOR 1.69, 95%CI, 1.29–2.54].
Conclusion and Recommendations: In this study, nearly three-fourths of participants were involved in cultural malpractices during the perinatal period.