bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOWHERE ELSE TO GO: EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PASRR PROGRAM TO MEET THE NEEDS OF RESIDENTS WITH SMI ADMITTED TO NURSING HOMES
Authors: Bucy Taylor , Shippee Tetyana , Woodhouse Mark , Bowblis John , Fashaw-Walters Shekinah , Shippee Nathan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The number of adults with serious mental illness (SMI) who receive care in nursing homes (NHs) continues to rise. The Preadmission Screening and Resident Review (PASRR) program requires screening for SMI prior to NH placement, in order to avoid inappropriate admission and unnecessary institutional care. We interviewed staff responsible for the processing of PASRR documentation at four NHs in Minnesota (n=15), and obtained and analyzed all completed PASRR-II assessments in Minnesota from 2019 (N=532). PASRR assessments overwhelmingly recommended 24-hour NH care (94.7%) with 94% of assessments indicating a need for mental health services while at the NH. Most NH staff interviewed noted that PASRR is not used in the care planning process and described PASRR as a regulatory hoop. Staff shared that PASRR assessments could provide insight into an individual’s mental health history, current and future needs, and can be helpful in assessing NH capacity to provide such services. Although mental health services provided while at the NH are supposed to be facilitated in partnership with the county, there is a lack of follow-up and NH staff are largely left to deal with SMI in isolation. PASRR assessments are supposed to be a tool for care coordination, but leave the NH as the sole responsible point of contact for residents with SMI. A more integrated PASRR program that better focuses on incorporating PASRR into care planning and mental health service delivery in NHs and the broader community is necessary to improve the lives of individuals with SMI.
ROLE OF ACTIVITY PROFESSIONALS IN APPLYING APIE MODEL TO ENHANCE RESIDENTS’ ACTIVITY IN LONG-TERM CARE SETTINGS
Authors: Li Xiaoli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Residents’ activity is a strong contributor to quality of life in long-term care facility. Hence, activity professionals (AP) have an essential role to play in enhancing resident activity and engagement. The service process of AP includes Assessment, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (APIE model). Although AP have made significant advances in demonstrating its value, few studies have focused on the APIE model for activity professionals. Method: A survey was conducted to help define the role of AP in using APIE in long-term care. Questionnaires were completed by 195 AP working as activity directors and activity staff in long-term care settings. The major factors studied were job background and certification, and performance of AP using the APIE model.

Results
Findings showed that 11.8% of AP only had a high school education, while 12.3% of participants had no certification and 9.2% of activity professionals had invalid certifications. When examining the APIE model, the activity professionals used person-centered approaches when they assessed residents` needs and wants, planned and implemented the activities, but lacked evaluation when measuring the outcomes, 79.5% of the participants were not tracking the number of minutes residents spent on activities, and 72.8% did not measure the impact of resident engagement on clinical outcomes such as falls, depression, cognition, and medication use.

Conclusion
Lack of professional training and meaningful evaluation could lead administrators to underestimate the value and role of activity professionals. The study advocates for applying APIE mode and increased evidence-based research on the benefits of residents` activity and engagement.
THE TIES THAT RECRUIT, RETAIN, AND BIND: ENGAGING HISPANIC IMMIGRANT FAMILIES IN THE TIME OF CRISIS
Authors: Lin Jielu , Wilkinson Anna , Koehly Laura 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In 2008, we launched Project RAMA (Risk Assessments for Mexican Americans) in Houston, Texas, seeking to understand how multigenerational Mexican immigrant families communicate about familial risk for complex disease. Several lessons were learned. First, our community advisory committee endorsed research goals. Second, we listened to the community with regards to immigration concerns and structural racism. Finally, in the summer and fall of 2008, Hurricane Ike struck the region. Because our team provided support and resources to families in need, we had a higher participation rate post-disaster. Pausing recruitment and postponing assessments led us to unexpectedly discover a long-term intervention effect that was not originally hypothesized. These lessons guide a new initiative focused on Hispanic immigrant families affected by rheumatoid arthritis in Washington DC. We discuss how we address challenges in the on-going project during the Covid pandemic, including recruiting through embedded community clinics and integrating community needs into study design.
IN THE SHADOW OF THE GREAT RECESSION: THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RECESSION EXPERIENCES AND DAILY INDICES OF WELL-BEING
Authors: Rush Jonathan , Bhat Aarti , Thomas Duncan , Karlamangla Arun , Almeida David , Seeman Teresa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The current study examined the associations of positive and negative experiences during the Great Recession (GR) with levels of daily well-being. In 2012, participants from the Midlife in the United States Refresher survey reported on their positive or negative GR experiences related to job, housing, or finances. A subsample, selected into the National Study of Daily Experiences (N=782), also reported on their daily levels of health and well-being across eight consecutive days and provided saliva samples, from which cortisol was assayed. The number of negative GR experiences reported related to poorer daily well-being (negative and positive affect, physical symptoms, stress severity, and cortisol daily peak-to-nadir ratio), whereas, the number of positive GR experiences was only related to lower severity of daily stressors (β=–0.03, p=.03). Examining specific GR experiences revealed that individuals who reported bad housing experience during the GR reported higher daily levels of negative affect (β=0.14, p&lt;.001), physical symptoms (β=0.90, p&lt;.001), and frequency of stressor days (β=0.01, p&lt;.001), and lower daily levels of positive affect (β=–0.19, p=.02). Bad financial experience was related to more physical symptoms (β=0.62, p&lt;.001) and greater severity of daily stressors (β=0.14, p=.03). Conversely, positive financial experiences were related to greater cortisol daily peak-to-nadir ratio (β=1.98, p=.03), but also greater frequency of stressor days (β=0.05, p=.01). Results highlight the potential influence of major economic strains on our ongoing daily experiences. This work has implications for policy and interventions around supporting midlife and older adults facing economic strains, in order to improve daily well-being.
USING AGILE METHODOLOGY AND NUDGE STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE ENROLLMENT IN CLINICAL TRIALS
Authors: Bylund Peggy , Mehta Jade , Mathavan Nandini , Trowbridge Kimberly , Taylor Britain , El Sharu Husam , Campbell Noll 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The enrollment of human subjects is crucial for the success of clinical trials. In the ongoing “Reducing the Risk of Dementia through Deprescribing” trial, the initial approach for enrolling subjects did not meet expected goals in the first 6 months, creating the need for innovative nudge strategies. We used an Agile methodology as the framework to understand the problem, then find and implement a solution. Our study aimed to examine the effectiveness of utilizing a texting nudge to enhance post-agreement recruitment of subjects with cognitive impairments. Prior to enrollment, eligible potential participants were contacted using a texting nudge. Potential participants received a second contact call to remind subjects of the enrollment appointment, introduce the person and the phone number that would call them, and the option of confirming or rescheduling. During the 1-week text-message experiment, 8 out of 9 subjects who agreed to participate in the study and received the text message enrolled, yielding an 89% post-agreement enrollment rate compared to a baseline rate of 44% prior to introducing this nudge. After implementing into the standard operating procedures, the 6-month average rate of enrollment among those that agreed rose to 80%, nearly doubling the rate from the first 6 months of the study and quadrupling the number enrolled each month. Inadequate recruitment has necessitated the use of innovative recruitment methods. Using the Agile problem-solving mindset, the texting nudge was developed to leverage the behavioral influences of the messenger, social commitments, priming and affect to increase subject enrollment.
DO AGE-FRIENDLY COMMUNITIES PROMOTE OLDER ADULTS’ HEALTH?
Authors: Kim Kyeongmo , Burnette Denise , Buckley Thomas , Kim Seon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The WHO developed the concept of age-friendly environments that contribute to older adults' better health and well-being. However, research on the effects of age-friendly communities (AFCs) on their health is limited. As AFC initiatives grow, it will be essential to examine whether older adults who live in an AFC have better health than those in other environments. This study uses data from the 2017 AARP AFC Surveys and the AARP Livability Index to assess whether AFCs promote the health of older adults. We analyze data for 3,027 adults aged 65 and older who reside in 262 zip code areas. Following AARP guidelines, we allocated the sample into two groups: the AFC group (livability score of 51+; n=2,364) and the non-AFC group (score≤50, n=663). The outcome variable was self-rated health (M=3.47; SD=1.09; range: 1-5). Findings employing an inverse probability weighting approach showed that older adults who lived in an AFC had better self-rated health than those in a non-AFC (b=0.08, p=.027). Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Black and Hispanic older adults reported worse self-rated health. Oldest old individuals had better health status than young-old adults. Consistent with previous literature, higher education, and frequent social interaction were associated with better self-rated health. The study adds to the growing literature on the role of age-friendly environments in older adults’ health and suggests directions for future research. Since living in an AFC can promote the well-being of older adults, policymakers and practitioners should continue to build high-quality, accessible built and social environments.
HOUSING CONDITIONS, SOCIAL CAPITAL, AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING AMONG MIGRANT OLDER ADULTS IN INDIA
Authors: Hemalatha Sruthi Anilkumar , Sarif Nawaj 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aging and migration are complex multidimensional processes affected by various factors at different levels. According to the most recent Census of India (2011), more than half of the older adults in India are migrants. Migration at an older age is considered risky and vulnerable because it may lead to many problems. Changes in the environment and living place at an older age may disconnect their social network and affect their health. Therefore, this study examines the housing conditions, social networks, and subjective well-being of older adult migrants in India using data from Longitudinal Aging Study in India, Wave 1 (2017-18). The bivariate and multivariate analyses show significant socio-economic differences in living arrangements and access to better housing facilities among older adult migrants. Additionally, there exist state-wide differences in the social capital of older migrant adults. The likelihood of having poor social capital is higher among migrant older adults than non-migrant older adults. It also reveals that the subjective well-being of older adult migrants is strongly associated with their housing conditions, social networks, and other socio-economic factors. Thus, the paper finds environmental factors and social support essential for better health and well-being, especially for older adults, especially those in new surroundings. Therefore, extensive research is needed to understand the situation of migrant older adults in India to formulate appropriate policies for the same.
EXPLORING AGEISM WITHIN THE FAMILY
Authors: Gordon Stacey , Gonzales Ernest 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is well documented that ageism negatively affects older people's opportunities for productive aging, and access to the workplace and healthcare. Ageism as it manifests within families, however, has not yet been well studied despite significant implications for the wellbeing of older adults and families. This study presents the problem of ageism in the family through the lens of larger social structural factors shaping meso- and micro-level behaviors. Negative implicit ageism and stereotype embodiment theory underscore the unconscious perpetuation of negative age stereotypes and attitudes in families. To illustrate this concept, we describe three evidence-based case examples involving interactions among family members observed by a geriatric care manager. The first describes how ageism expressed by an adult child undermines choice, opportunity, and power of the parent when an older adult enlists the help of her adult children in downsizing from the family home to a smaller apartment. The second explores ageism when adult children attempt to persuade their older father to leave his home, pointing out dangers living alone at his age. The third describes a relatively healthy newly widowed woman who is coerced by her adult children to move to an assisted living facility by threatening social and emotional abandonment. These examples demonstrate how macro and meso-level factors combine with the implicit ageism of both adult children and older adults converge, influencing pathways to create healthy, tolerable and toxic living conditions within the family.
ELDER MISTREATMENT AND RELATIONSHIP QUALITY: SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS USING DATA FROM THE NSHAP
Authors: Xue Wei-Lin , Hass Zach , Liu Pi Ju 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As social networks shrink with age, older adults value the importance of interpersonal relationships with close others, such as partners, family and friends. Previous studies focused on perpetrators' and victims' characteristics; however, few studies examined the relationships with close others and the incidence of elder mistreatment. This study used the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project Wave 1 data (2005-06) to examine the correlations between relationship quality with close others and the occurrence of mistreatment among older adults (N = 3005). Based on spousal relationship literature using the NSHAP data, factor analysis was used to estimate factor scores conceptualizing two domains of relationship quality: relationship support (positive dimensions of relationship), and relationship strain (negative dimensions of the relationship). Logistic regression models were used to test the relationship between the relationship quality factor scores and the likelihood of each mistreatment type while controlling for gender, education, age, and race. Psychological abuse was more likely for older adults experiencing relationship strain with spouse (OR=1.82, p&lt;.001), family (OR=1.75, p&lt;.001), and/or friends (OR=1.67, p&lt; 0.001). Financial abuse was more likely for those experiencing poor relationship support with family (OR=1.34, p&lt;.05) and those experiencing relationship strain with friends (OR=1.47, p&lt;.01). However, relationship quality was not correlated with likelihood of physical abuse. Interpersonal relationships with close others could provide stronger support and care, but relationship strain might contribute to mistreatment. When determining safeguarding gatekeepers to protect older adults from potential mistreatment, interventions should consider the quality and composition of interpersonal relationships with close others.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF AGEISM, INTENTION TO WORK WITH OLDER ADULTS, AND SOCIAL DESIRABILITY
Authors: MacLean Maria , Strong Jessica 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Previous research demonstrates: 1) men and younger adults have higher negative ageism scores than women and older adults 2) higher scores of negative ageism are associated with lower intention to work with older adults and 3) women and older adults have higher scores for social desirability. It remains unclear how these factors interact. University students (N=547) aged 16 - 59 (Mean = 20.6) completed a survey measuring positive and negative attitudes towards older adults, intention to work with older adults, and social desirability. ANOVAs found a significant effects in negative ageism based on age, F(1, 3) = 6.69, p = 0.01, ω2 = 0.01, and gender, F(1, 3) = 11.43, p = 0.001, ω2 = 0.02, with a small effect size, but no significant interaction between age and gender. Young adults (M = 22.3) and males (M = 21.5) demonstrated more negative ageism than middle aged adults (M = 23.1) and females (M = 22.7) (lower scores indicate negative attitudes). An ANOVA of gender x age x social desirability was also significant for negative ageism, F(11) = 2.00, p = 0.03. However, there were no significant effects or interactions for gender or age on positive ageism and intention to work with older adults, or when social desirability was added. Although there were differences between demographic and social desirability groups for negative ageism, this relationship was not found for positive ageism. We expected social desirability to play a role in ageism, but this was not the case in the current sample.
THE ROLE OF PLATELET ENERGY METABOLISM IN PAIN AFTER WALKING IN BLACK ADULTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Klinedinst Jennifer , Huang Weiliang , Kane Maureen , Fiskum Gary , Borcar Apruva , Rangghran Parisa , Dorsey Susan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nearly 30% of adults aged 60 or older suffer from knee osteoarthritis (KOA) that causes significant pain and disability. Walking is considered a “gold standard” treatment option for reducing KOA pain and maintaining joint mobility. However, pragmatic trials have shown that walking increases pain for some and relieves pain for others. The mechanism by which walking is helpful for KOA pain is unclear. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying walking for knee pain. We conducted a pre-test/post-test study using quantitative sensory testing to measure pressure pain sensitivity at the knee and examined protein signatures and measured energy metabolism in platelets in six adults with KOA before and after six weeks of walking three days/week at 100 steps/minute. All participants identified as Black/African American, five were female, average age 57±5.8. Pressure pain sensitivity increased for three participants and decreased for three participants. Protein signatures among KOA participants indicated differences in immune and energy metabolism pathways. Proteins in the energy metabolism pathways were significantly downregulated after walking in participants whose pain increased compared to participants whose pain decreased. Platelet energy metabolism was also lower among participants whose pain increased as compared to participants whose pain decreased. One goal of developing individualized interventions for KOA pain is to elucidate the mechanisms by which self-management interventions impact pain. The addition of therapies that target cellular energy metabolism may lower pain with walking among Black adults with KOA.
REDUCED LEVELS OF NAD IN SKELETAL MUSCLE IN PEOPLE AGING WITH HIV INFECTION ON TREATMENT
Authors: Montano Monty , Pencina Karol , Schultz Michael , Tran Thanh , Li Zhuoying , Ghattas Catherine , Lau Jackson , Sinclair David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) are disproportionately burdened with multimorbidity and decline in physiologic function compared to their uninfected counterparts, but biological mechanisms that differentially contribute to the decline in muscle function in PLWH compared to uninfected people remains understudied. The study site was Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA. We evaluated skeletal muscle tissue for levels of total NAD, NAD+ and NADH in middle-aged asymptomatic PLWH, coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and/or cytomegalovirus (CMV) and compared them to uninfected control participants. Of the 54 persons with muscle biopsy data, the mean age 57 years with 33% women. Total NAD levels declined in skeletal muscle in association with HIV infection, and was exacerbated by HCV and CMV coinfection, with lowest levels of total NAD, NAD+ and NADH among persons that were coinfected with all three viruses (P=0.015, P=0.014, P=0.076; respectively). Levels of total NAD, NAD+ and NADH in skeletal muscle were inversely associated with inflammation (P=0.014, P=0.013, P=0.055; respectively). Coinfections were also associated with measures of inflammation (CD4/CD8 ratio: P&lt; 0.001 and sCD163: P&lt; 0.001), immune activation (CD38 and HLA-DR expression on CD8 T cells: P&lt; 0.001). Additionally, coinfection was associated with increased physiologic frailty, based on the VACS Index 1.0 assessment (P=0.001). Further research is warranted to determine the clinical relevance of preclinical deficits in NAD metabolites in skeletal muscle in association with viral coinfection and inflammation, as well as the observed association between viral coinfection and physiologic frailty.
CHRONIC CONDITION DISCORDANCE AND ALCOHOL USE AMONG OLDER COUPLES: THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF MARITAL QUALITY
Authors: Polenick Courtney , Turkelson Angela , Cranford James , Blow Frederic , Birditt Kira 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chronic condition discordance (i.e., the extent that two or more conditions have non-overlapping self-management requirements that heighten self-management complexity) may be stressful and contribute to increased alcohol use over time among older adults, especially for those with greater marital stress. In this study, we examined how chronic condition discordance at the individual level (i.e., within individuals) and the couple level (i.e., between spouses) predicted alcohol use across an 8-year period, and whether these links varied by negative marital quality. The U.S. sample included 1,116 wives (M = 54 years) and husbands (M = 57 years) from five waves (2006-2014) of the Health and Retirement Study. Dyadic growth curve models controlled for age, minority status, education, and own and partner time-varying number of chronic health conditions and depressive symptoms. Wives with greater individual-level discordance reported fewer initial drinks per week. Marital quality moderated the links between chronic condition discordance and alcohol use over time. Notably, when husbands reported lower negative marital quality and had greater individual-level chronic condition discordance, they had faster decreases in their own drinks per week over time. By contrast, when husbands reported higher negative marital quality and had greater individual-level discordance, their wives had faster increases in drinks per week over time. Overall, these findings indicate that better quality marriages may protect against increased alcohol use for both wives and husbands in the context of greater chronic condition discordance among husbands.