bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cadmium induces microcytosis, hypochromicity, and anisocytosis without anaemia in hypertensive rats
Authors: McCalla Garsha , Brown Paul D. , Nwokocha Chukwuemeka 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and Aim: Dietary cadmium (Cd2+) intake is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension and anaemia, but there is a paucity of information on the haematological changes in hypertensive conditions. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate the effects of Cd2+ on blood pressure (BP) and haematological indices in the Sprague-Dawley rat model.
Method: Three cohorts (n=10 each) of control and Cd2+-fed male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected. Cd2+-exposed rats received 2.5 or 5 mg/kg b.w. cadmium chloride via gavage thrice- weekly for eight weeks, while control animals received tap water. BP and flow were measured non-invasively from rat tails twice-weekly using a CODA machine, while weights were measured thrice-weekly. Haematological indices were assessed using the Cell-Dyn Emerald Haematology Analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics, IL, USA). Data were reported as mean ± SEM, and statistically analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance. Bonferroni post hoc test was used for multiple comparisons.
Results: Cd2+-exposure induced hypertension by significantly (p<0.05) elevating systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BPs, pulse pressure, and heart rate (HR), and increased (p<0.05) blood flow. Mean cell volume (MCV) and haemoglobin (MCH) were significantly (p<0.05) reduced, and red cell distribution width (RDW) significantly (p<0.01) increased by exposure to 5 mg/kg b.w. Cd2+. Haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), haematocrit, haemoglobin, red blood cell, platelet, mean platelet volume, and white blood cell counts were unaffected by Cd2+-exposure.
Conclusion: Cd2+ induced hypertension, hypochromicity, and anisocytosis without anaemia, which may be precursor to microcytic anaemia and coronary artery disease. This study is important in Cd2+-exposed environments and warrants further investigations. Keywords: Cadmium; Hypertension; Microcytosis; Hypochromic anaemia; Anisocytosis
Enhanced bioethanol production in a microbial electrolysis cell by evolved Escherichia coli LGE2-H
Authors: Wang Cong , Chang Dongdong , Zhang Qi , Yu Zhisheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lignocellulose pretreated by pyrolysis can be transformed into clean energy (such as bioethanol) via microbial fermentation, which is significant for waste recycling, environmental protection, and energy security. However, acids, aldehydes, and phenols present in the bio-oil exert inhibitory effects on microorganisms, which challenges the downstream utilization and conversion of lignocellulosic pyrolysate. In this study, we constructed a microbial electrolysis cell system for bio-oil detoxification and efficient ethanol production (C2H5O) using evolved Escherichia coli. In the bio-oil media with electricity, E. coli-H exhibited significant levoglucosan consumption and ethanol production abilities compared to the control. Finally, 0.54 g ethanol/g levoglucosan was produced by E. coli-H in the undetoxified bio-oil media with 1.0%(w/v) levoglucosan, reaching 95% of the theoretical yield. This design aimed to solve bioethanol production and utilization challenges, as evident in related studies. This research provides a practical method for bioethanol production from lignocellulosic substrates and a scientific basis and technical demonstration for its industrialized application.
Optimization on Conharmonic and Conformal Curvature tensors in Einstein Field equations
Authors: Negi U. S. , Bhandari Sulochana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ahsan (2005) has studied the geometrical symmetry of spacetime of general relativity. Also, Blair et. al. (2005) has premeditated concircular curvature tensor of a contact metric manifold. After that, Negi and Su-lochana (2021) calculated the conformal Symmetric Tensor of Kaehlerian Manifolds. In the present paper, the author obtained optimization on Con-harmonic and Conformal Curvature tensor in Einstein eld equations and variance-free conharmonic and conformal curvature tensor in space times. We used Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model for conformal curvature ten-sor.
MSC2020:53A20;53C80;53C50;53C18;53C25:
Prevalence and associated factors of anemia among people with cancer in ACSH, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Woldemariam Abraha-G , Tsehaye Asgele , Mokonen Wendyefraw , Zeru Mebratom , Hagos Abel , Tsegay Gebriela , Birhane Yemane , Teklu Guesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: anemia is becoming a public health problem particularly among people suffering from different types of cancer.
Objective: the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among people with cancer.
Methods: an institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2020 in ACSH, Tigray, Ethiopia. Medical records were systematically reviewed to get demographic and clinical characteristics of 72 study subjects. Data were entered to SPSSv25 and descriptive analysis, logistic regression, independent sample T test and ANOVA were used for analysis.
Results: about 45.8% of study subjects with different types of cancer were found to have anemia. Unemployment (OR=2.167; 95%CI: 1.093, 4.294; p=0.027), rural residence (OR = 3.750; 95%CI: 1.245, 11.299; p= 0.019), advanced stages of cancer (OR = 10.771; 95%CI: 3.580, 32.405; p= 0.000), duration of cancer (OR=3.542; 95%CI: 1.289, 9.728; p=0.014) and higher (5-8) cycles of chemotherapy (OR = 3.000; 95%CI: 1.090, 8.254; p=0.033) were variables found to have statistically significant association with anemia.
Conclusion: anemia is a common complication in patients with different types of cancer. Occupation, residence, duration of cancer, stage of caner, chemotherapy, and cycles of chemotherapy significantly increased the prevalence of anemia in cancer patients.
Conformational Isomerization as a Key Selectivity-Determining Step
Authors: Kochi Takuya , Muto Kazuma , Hatanaka Miho , Kakiuchi Fumitoshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOrganic reactions take place in one or more elementary processes, and their product selectivity is determined by which elementary processes are involved in a reaction and how they occur. Among the elementary processes, bond-forming and cleaving processes are typically the only steps drawn in the proposed organic reaction mechanisms1and are generally considered to be more important than other processes such as conformational isomerization, which have rarely been recognized as key steps such as selectivity-determining steps. We report herein on an example where a conformational isomerization process, propeller-like alkene rotation,2,3is considered to determine the selectivity over the reaction pathways in a catalytic reaction. The transition state with the highest energy barrier in some palladium chain walking events was indicated by DFT calculations to correspond to alkene rotation in an alkene hydride palladium species, rather than bond-cleaving b-hydride elimination or bond-forming migratory insertion, even when there is only one transition state between an alkyl complex and an alkene hydride complex. It was also suggested both theoretically and experimentally that the chain walking over internal carbons in alkyl chains proceeds via cis alkene intermediates, rather than thermodynamically more stable trans alkene intermediates, due to their relative ease of undergoing alkene rotation.
Simultaneous single-cell three-dimensional genome and gene expression profiling Uncovers Dynamic Enhancer Connectivity Underlying Olfactory Receptor Choice
Authors: Xie Xiaoliang , Wu Honggui , Zhang Jiankun , Jian Fanchong , Chen Jinxin , Zheng Yinghui , Tan Longzhi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The simultaneous measurement of three-dimensional (3D) genome structure and gene expression of individual cells is critical for understanding genome’s structure–function relation, yet is extremely challenging for existing methods. Here we present Linking mRNA to Chromatin Architecture (LiMCA), which jointly profiles 3D genome and transcriptome with exceptional sensitivity and from low-input materials. Combining LiMCA and our high-resolution scATAC-seq assay, METATAC, we were able to profile the chromatin accessibility and the paired 3D genome structures and gene expression information of single neurons within the developing mouse olfactory epithelium. We expanded the repertoire of known OR enhancers, and discovered unexpected rules of their dynamics: ORs and their enhancers are most accessible during early differentiation, and the active OR typically does not associate with the largest enhancer hub. These findings offer valuable insights into how 3D connectivity of ORs and enhancers dynamically orchestrate the “one neuron–one receptor” selection process.
Relationship between stress hyperglycemic ratio and incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Kui , Yang Xueyuan , Li Yunhang , Xu Guanxue , Ma Yi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Stress hyperglycemic ratio (SHR), a new marker that reflects the true hyperglycemic state of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, is strongly associated with adverse clinical outcomes in these patients. Studies on the relationship between SHR and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) incidence are limited. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between SHR and the incidence of IHCA in patients with ACS.
Methods
In total, 1,939 ACS patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University were included. They were divided into three groups according to the degree of SHR: group T1 (SHR ≤ 0.84, N = 646), group T2 (0.84 < SHR ≤ 1.14, N = 646) and group T3 (SHR3 > 1.14, N = 647). The primary endpoint was IHCA incidence.
Results
The overall IHCA incidence was 4.1% (N = 80). The results of restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis showed that after adjusting for covariates, SHR was significantly associated with the incidence of IHCA in patients with ACS (odds ratio [OR] = 6.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–34.73; P = 0.030) and an increased risk of IHCA was observed in the T3 group compared with the T1 group (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.43–2.97; P = 0.797). In the subgroup analysis of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, those without DM history showed an elevated IHCA risk in the T3 group (OR = 3.34; 95% CI = 0.40–27.85; P = 0.265). After adjusting for covariates, patients with DM history also demonstrated a slightly increased IHCA risk (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.17–7.70; P = 0.880). The subgroup analysis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI (NSTEMI), and unstable angina pectoris (UA) revealed that, after adjusting for covariates, the risk of IHCA was increased in patients with UA in the T3 group (OR = 3.00; 95% CI = 0.23–39.13; P = 0.402). A dose-response relationship was observed between the incidence of IHCA and SHR, with higher SHR values (> 0.97) associated with an elevated risk of IHCA occurrence. Moreover, the area under the curve for SHR in predicting IHCA incidence in ACS patients was 0.64.
Conclusion
In ACS patients treated with PCI, SHR was significantly associated with the incidence of IHCA in ACS patients. SHR may be a useful predictor of the incidence of IHCA in ACS patients.
Single Image Reflection Removal with Reflection Classifier and Gradient Restorer
Authors: Xie Qing , Zhang Lingfeng , Ma Yanchun , Li Jiachen , Liu Yuhan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Techniques for removing image reflections can effectively eliminate artifacts superimposed on the subject due to factors such as reflections in light or through glass. Most current methods are designed on the assumption that reflection areas maintain the original image content. However, the neglect some extreme cases where there is no original information left, such as photos taken in museums with generated light spots.In this paper, we propose a novel model capable of further removing light spots reflections. Specifically, it takes an image with reflection contamination as input, and then guided by the proposed reflection classifiers and structure restorer, ultimately outputs a predicted transmission layer image.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model is applicable to different categories of reflection images, outperforming state-of-the-art reflection removal techniques.In summary, the proposed model improves the effect of image reflection technology based on artificial intelligence(AI) in the case of spot reflection.
Grief Responses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Spain
Authors: Redondo-Armenteros Andrea , Pérez-Marfil María Nieves , Fernández-Alcántara Manuel , García-Caro María Paz , Cabañero-Martínez María Josefa , Cruz-Quintana Francisco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The recent COVID-19 pandemic led to a rise in the number of people bereaved by the death of a loved one. There are many pandemic-related stressors that may have further complicated grief in these people. The aim of this research was to analyse the shared experiences and strategies of those who lost a loved one during the pandemic.
Method: The sample consists of 42 participants who lost loved ones to COVID-19 or other causes (both natural and sudden). An inductive approach using grounded theory with open, axial and selective coding was used to analyse the semi-structured open-ended interviews.
Results: The resulting theory was structured around a central category: “Processes of Loss and Grief in Pandemics". The other relevant and related categories were: disease processes during the pandemic, emotional responses to the loss, factors facilitating the grieving process and obstacles to the grieving process. The various analytical categories were then further classified with reference to the Dual Process Model.
Conclusion: This study highlights the main features of grief during the pandemic, including the impact of restrictive measures on disease processes, the funeral rituals performed and subsequent coping; responses such as intense shock, anger, fear or loneliness; and the way in which facilitating factors of the grief process were adapted to the circumstances.
Identification and Validation of Lipid Metabolism-related Key Genes as Novel Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Pan-cancer Analysis
Authors: Xiao Hao , Gao Hengbo , Yao Dongqi , Cui Xiaolei , Liu Liang , Lv Baopu , Zheng Tuokang , Zhang Rui , Meng Qingbing , Li Yi , Gu Xinshun , Tian Yingping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and is associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. We identified lipid metabolism related genes as biomarkers of AMI, and explored their mechanisms of action.
Methods
Microarray datasets were downloaded from the GEO database and lipid metabolism related genes were obtained from Molecular Signatures Database. WGCNA was performed to identify key genes. We evaluated differential expression and performed ROC and ELISA analyses. We also explored the mechanism of AMI mediated by key genes using gene enrichment analysis. Finally, immune infiltration and pan-cancer analyses were performed for the identified key genes.
Results
TRL2, S100A9, and HCK were identified as key genes related to lipid metabolism in AMI. Internal and external validation (including ELISA) showed that these were good biomarkers of AMI. In addition, the results of gene enrichment analysis showed that the key genes were enriched in inflammatory response, immune system process, and tumor-related pathways. Finally, the results of immune infiltration showed that key genes were concentrated in neutrophils and macrophages, and pan-cancer analysis showed that the key genes were highly expressed in most tumors and were associated with poor prognosis.
Conclusions
TLR2, S100A9, and HCK were identified as lipid metabolism related novel diagnostic biomarkers of AMI. In addition, AMI and tumors may be related through the inflammatory immune response.
uniHEART: An Ensemble Atlas of Cardiac Cells Provides Multifaceted Portraits of the Human Heart
Authors: Zhang Xuegong , Chen Yixin , Hua Kui , Xu Shuhuan , You Renke , Hao Minsheng , Li Wenrui , Wei Lei , Jia Jinmeng , Xi Xi , Chen Sijie , Bian Haiyang , Ye Mingli , Chen Amin , Geng Yu , Liu Lianfeng , Luo Jiangying , Fei Jintao , Lv Hairong , Zhang Ping , Jiang Rui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The heart maintains its essential role in human life by the highly orchestrated functioning of specialized cell types. Recent advances in single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq) provides the possibility of profiling the molecular and cellular characteristics of heart cells. We collected scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq data of healthy human hearts from all available sources and built the first human ensemble heart cell atlas, uniHEART, using a unified information framework for cell-centric atlas assembly. The current version of uniHEART contains 1,025,739 cells from 65 human heart samples, covering 19 major cell types in adult and developing human heart. The samples are from 10 anatomic regions of the heart, with age of the donors ranging from 5 weeks of the fetus to 75 years old. With this ensemble cell atlas, we constructed the multifaceted cellular and molecular portraits of the human heart by its anatomic parts, cell types and interactions, gene expression and networks. A rich interactive portraiture web system is provided for users to explore the atlas. With uniHEART, we discovered the molecular changes in the heart endothelial cells during aging and explored the disease therapeutic target cell-types. These case examples showed that uniHEART provides a holographic cellular reference for future studies on the human heart.
Determination of Glycyrrhizic Acid by Methyl Violet Dual-wavelength Superimposed Visible Spectrophotometry and its Analytical Applications
Authors: Chu Wen , Huang Dianyu , Tian Mei , Ma Weixing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An indirect determination method for glycyrrhizic acid in health foods was established using a dual-wavelength superposition visible spectrophotometric technique. The method relies on the reaction between diammonium glycyrrhizinate and the cationic dye methyl violet. In Clark-Lubs buffer solution at pH 3.0, diammonium glycyrrhizinate transforms into glycyrrhizinate, forming supramolecular aggregates with methyl violet through hydrogen bonding. This results in positive and negative absorption peaks in the visible region, with the maximum positive absorption occurring at 564 nm and the sub-maximum negative absorption at 676 nm. The respective molar absorption coefficients are 2.77×105 L/(mol·cm) and 1.53×105 L/(mol·cm). However, when utilizing the dual-wavelength superposition method, the molar absorption coefficient becomes 4.28×105 L/(mol·cm). The linear range for diammonium glycyrrhizinate determination is 1.00–2.50 mg/L, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997 and a detection limit of 0.54 mg/L. This proposed method offers an indirect means to determine the glycyrrhizic acid in health foods. The measured values' relative standard deviation (n = 6) was consistently within 5%, indicating satisfactory results.
miR-377 regulates the tumorous behaviors of prostate cancer cells by targeting of MYC mRNA via its interaction with BCL-2/Bax, PTEN, and CDK4
Authors: Azimi Yasamin , Hajibabaei Sara , Azimi Ghazal , Rahimi-Jamnani Fatemeh , Azizi Masoumeh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The MYC gene is one of the regulatory and proto-oncogenic genes overexpressed in most prostate cancers (PCa). Studies have shown that abnormal expression of microRNAs is involved in the onset and development of many different types of human cancer, including prostate cancer.
Methods and result: In this study, we first evaluated targeting the effect of miR-377 on MYC by luciferase assay. Real-time PCR was used to determine whether miR-377 could decrease the MYC mRNA in transfected PCa cell lines (PC-3 and DU145). Also, the expression of BCL-2/Bax, PTEN, and CDK4 mRNA levels were measured due to MYC degression. Also, the effects of miR-377 on apoptosis cells, proliferation, cell cycle, and wound healing were analyzed. We showed that miR-377 targets MYC mRNA by luciferase reporter assay. A significant reduction in MYC mRNA level was detected following miR-377 transfection in PC-3 and DU145 cell lines. Also, we demonstrated the decrease of BCL-2 and CDK4 and an increase in Bax, and PTEN in prostate cancer cell lines, following the reduction of MYC. Furthermore, we showed that the higher levels of miR-377 in PCa cell lines induced apoptosis, reduced proliferation, and migration, and stopped the cell cycle.
Conclusion: All these data reveal that miR-377 functions as an MYC inhibitor in PCa and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for treating this cancer.
An New Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Gerchberg-Saxton Algorithm and Integer Wavelet Transform
Authors: zhang Chaoxia , Liang Kaiqi , zhang Shangzhou , chen Zhihao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper combines Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm with the integer wavelet transform (IWT) and proposes an image watermarking encryption scheme with better security, stability and imperceptibility. Firstly, the Fourier transform domain's modulus is replaced by the known amplitude information by the iterative principle of the GS algorithm. The noise-like initial image can be obtained when the similarity satisfies certain constraints. Then, variable step Joseph space scrambling and pixel value bit processing are used to enhance anti-interference ability. Finally, IWT decomposes the cover image into four subbands with different frequencies. After embedding all the information of the secret image into each sub-band bit by bit, the visually significant cypher image is obtained, highlighting the imperceptible characteristics. The carrier and the regular images' hash values are calculated using the SHA-256 function. The RSA mode is used to update the key as the initial value of the hyperchaotic system while enhancing the security of the key, producing the password stream encrypted and embedded. The innovation of this paper is the introduction of the GS algorithm, which converts the image amplitude information into phase information and encrypts it as the initial image. Simulation experiments and in-depth performance analysis confirm the proposed method's efficacy and security.
An Accumulation Rate Curve Estimator for Total Species
Authors: Shestopaloff Konstantin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In this paper we present an estimator for total species that is based on modelling an accumulation rate curve. The proposed approach calculates the curve for the rate of arrival of new species conditional on the observed data and projectes it forward using parametric functions with varying rates of decay. The individual fits are integrated to obtain estimates for undetected species and a weighted estimate is obtained by optimizing a loss function subject to a set of restrictions. Confidence intervals are obtained using a parametric bootstrap of aggregate counts, with the underlying count covariances estimated from a regularized mixture distribution fit to the observed count data. A technique to adjust the point estimate for bias is also discussed. The method is tested using a simulation study and two data examples. The results indicate that the proposed method is robust in a majority of cases and largely outperforms existing methods in bias and mean squared error. Performance is especially improved when the proportion of unobserved species is high. Confidence interval coverage probabilities are noticeably better compared to existing methods and conservative interval widths are maintained. The bias adjustment technique is also shown to be effective in reducing mean squared error.