bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends and Variability in Precipitation Across Turkey: A Multi-Method Statistical Analysis
Authors: Yetik Ali Kaan , Arslan Bilge , Şen Burak 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Analyzing trends in precipitation data is crucial for understanding the effects of climate change and making informed decisions about water management and crop patterns. The objective of the presented study was to investigate precipitation trends, analyze temporal and spatial variations, and identify potential change points in Turkey throughout the period from 1980 to 2019. Precipitation data were analyzed for both regional and 81 meteorological stations in Turkey on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis. Spearman rank correlation and Mann-Kendall tests were utilized to detect possible trends, and Sen's slope test to estimate the magnitude of change throughout the entire time series. The average precipitation amount of Turkey was determined 639.2 mm between 1980–2019 years. While Central Anatolian and Eastern Anatolian regions had below 639.2 mm, other regions were above. The range of seasonal precipitation values were found for winter 128.7-320.8 mm, 108.9–260.0 mm for spring, 43.9-109.3 mm for summer and 79.7-238.4 mm for autumn. The analysis of the data revealed no significant increase or decrease in annual values on a regional basis, with the greatest change on a seasonal basis being observed in the winter. The 40-yr trends of annual precipitation data belonging to 81 stations were decreasing in 23 provinces and increasing in 58 provinces, and 11 of them (14% of the total) were found to be statistically significant. Moreover, November was found to be a month of particular significance in terms of precipitation changes across the country, with a decrease observed in 80 out of 81 provinces. Spatial distribution analysis showed that the magnitude of variation in precipitation decreased as one moved from the southern to the northern regions of the country.
Genetic characterization, population genetics and demographics history of Bactrocera Zonata (Saunders) (Tephritidae: Diptera) of cox1 gene
Authors: juktihiremath shreedevi S , Biradar Shivaleela , C Srushti S , L Babu R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: (1)Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Tephritidae : Diptera), is one of destructive and invasive fruit fly species of the genus Bactrocera . In the present study, genetic structure, genetic diversity and demographic history of B.zonata was inferred from cytochrome oxidase I (cox1) gene sequence;
(2) Methods: Analysis of similarity test shows in DNA barcode with 100% accurate identification of B.zonata specimen which was differentiated from other Bactrocera species;
(3)Result: Descriptive statistic analysis of B.zonata revealed high genetic diversity through the indices [number of haplotypes (H), haplotype diversity (Hd), nucleotide diversity (p) and average number of nucleotide differences (k)]. Negative values of Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs and star-like network of haplotypes inferred neutrality;
(4)Conclusion: Therefore, cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox1) barcode sequences generated in the present study could be a valuable source for the rapid identification and global population genetic study of B. zonata.
The Validity and IRT Psychometric Analysis of Chinese Version of Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire (DDPRQ-10)
Authors: Du Jianhua , Wang Yufei , Wu Aoxue , Jiang Yinan , Duan Yanping , Geng Wenqi , Wan Lin , Li Jiarui , Hu Jiaojiao , Jiang Jing , Shi Lili , Wei Jing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: The doctor-patient relationship (DPR) plays a crucial role in Chinese healthcare system, functioning in improve medical quality and reducing medical costs. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire (DDPRQ-10) among general hospital inpatients in China.
Methods: The research recruited 38 resident doctors responsible for 120 participants, and factor analyses were used to assess the construct validity of the scale. Convergent validity was evaluated by examining the correlation between DDPRQ-10 and depressive symptoms, burnout, and self-efficacy, using Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item (PHQ-9), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Both multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) and unidimensional item response theory (IRT) frameworks were used to estimate the parameters of each item.
Results: The Chinese version of DDPRQ-10 showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.931), and fitted in a modified two-factor model of positive feelings and negative feelings (χ2/df = 1.494, GFI = 0.925, RMSEA = 0.071, SRMR = 0.008, CFI = 0.985, NFI = 0.958, NNFI = 0.980, TLI = 0.980, IFI = 0.986). Significant correlations with PHQ-9 with DDPRQ-10 and both subscales were revealed (r = 0.293~0.333, p < .001), while DDPRQ-10 score also significantly correlated with doctors’ MBI score (r = -0.467, p< .001). The MIRT model of full scale and IRT models of both subscales showed high discrimination of all items (a = 2.30~10.18), and the test information within the range of low-quality relationship was relatively high.
Conclusion: The Chinese version of DDPRQ-10 displayed satisfactory reliability and validity, and thus was appropriate for measuring the DPR in Chinese medical settings.
Downregulation of SMOC1 is associated with progression of colorectal traditional serrated adenomas
Authors: Aoki Hironori , Takasawa Akira , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Niinuma Takeshi , Yamano Hiro-o , Harada Taku , Kubo Toshiyuki , Yorozu Akira , Kitajima Hiroshi , Ishiguro Kazuya , Kai Masahiro , Katanuma Akio , Shinohara Toshiya , Nakase Hiroshi , Sugai Tamotsu , Osanai Makoto , Suzuki Hiromu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Aberrant DNA methylation is prevalent in colorectal serrated lesions. We previously reported that the CpG island of SMOC1 is frequently methylated in traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs) but is rarely methylated in sessile serrated lesions (SSLs). In the present study, we aimed to further characterize the expression of SMOC1 in early colorectal lesions.
Methods
SMOC1 expression was analyzed immunohistochemically in a series of colorectal tumors (training set, n = 126; validation set, n = 73) and adjacent normal colonic tissues (n = 112).
Results
Mean immunohistochemistry scores in normal colonic tissues and tumors in a training set were as follows: normal colon, 24.2; hyperplastic polyp (HP), 21.6; SSL, 24.8; SSL with dysplasia (SSLD)/SSL with early invasive cancer (EIC), 17.5; TSA, 7.3; low grade adenoma, 21.4; high grade adenoma, 11.7; high grade dysplasia (HGD), 12.1; EIC, 10.9. Abundant expression of SMOC1 in SSLs and significant downregulation of SMOC1 in TSAs were further confirmed in a validation set. Higher levels SMOC1 expression correlated positively with proximal colon locations and flat tumoral morphology, reflecting its abundant expression in SSLs. Among TSAs that contained both flat and protruding components, levels of SMOC1 expression were significantly lower in the protruding components.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that reduced expression of SMOC1 is associated with progression of TSAs and conventional adenomas and that SMOC1 may be a biomarker for diagnosis of serrated lesions and risk prediction in colorectal tumors.
A randomized trial of treatment for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy
Authors: Song Yufeng , Che Xinle , Wang Zheyun , Li Mengshi , Zhang Runjie , Wang Dongming , Shi Qiongfang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) in patients with anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) reconstruction(ACLR).
Methods
We conducted a randomized, controlled trial involving 72 eligible patients with ACL reconstruction in which we compared two strategies: the experimental group was standard rehabilitation plus rESWT and the control group was standard rehabilitation plus sham rESWT. The outcome was the change from baseline to 24 weeks in the average score on Lysholm knee joint score (LKS), range of motion (ROM), visual analogue scale (VAS) and International Knee Literature Committee (IKDC).
Results
Of 36 subjects assigned to rehabilitation plus rESWT, 4 lost to follow up. Of 36 assigned to rehabilitation plus sham rESWT, 5 lost to follow up. The LKS, ROM and IKDC scores of the experimental group were markedly increased at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment (P < 0.001), and the VAS was notably decreased (P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the LKS, ROM, IKDC and VAS between the groups at 24 weeks after treatment(P > 0.05).
Conclusion
The strategy of rehabilitation plus rESWT had better functional outcomes after ACL reconstruction. As such, our study demonstrates that rESWT is essential for patients with ACL reconstruction. Early use of rESWT can improve joint function, pain relief and ability of daily living. rESWT has a positive effect on the overall rehabilitation of patients.
Retro-MTGR: Molecule Retrosynthesis Prediction via Multi-Task Graph Representation Learning
Authors: Shi Jian-Yu , Zhao Pengcheng , Wei Xue-Xin , Wang Qiong , Wang Qi-Hao , Li Jia-Ning , Shang Jie , Lu Cheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

It is a vital bridging step to infer appropriate synthesis reaction routes (i.e., retrosynthesis) of newly-designed molecules. Unlike classical experience-based retrosynthesis approaches, artificial intelligence enables a cheap and fast retrosynthesis approach. Template-based models, limited in known synthesis templates, leverage substructure searching to infer candidate reaction centers (i.e., bonds). In contrast, both translation-based models (TransMs) and discriminative methods (DiscMs) are free to synthesis templates. TransM regards retrosynthesis as a translation from the target molecule to its reactants by generative algorithms. DiscM, directly inspired by chemical synthesis, performs reaction center recognition and leaving group identification in turn. Nevertheless, TransMs are redundant and weakly interpretable, while existing DiscMs neglect the associations between reaction centers and leaving groups. To address these issues, this paper elaborates a novel discriminative Multi-Task Graph Representation learning model of Retrosynthesis prediction (Retro-MTGR). It solves two major supervised discriminative tasks (i.e., the reaction center recognition and the leaving group identification respectively), and an auxiliary self-supervised task (i.e., atom embedding enhancer) simultaneously. The comparison with various state-of-the-art methods first demonstrates the superiority of Retro-MTGR. Then, the ablation studies reveal how its crucial components contribute to the prediction respectively, including the atom embedding enhancer, bond energies, and the leaving group co-occurrence graph. More importantly, comprehensive investigations validate its chemical interpretability by answering two questions: why a bond can be the reaction center or not, and what leaving groups are appropriate to given synthons. The answers demonstrate that Retro-MTGR can reflect five underlying chemical synthesis rules by characterizing molecule structures alone. Finally, two case studies demonstrate that the inferred retrosynthesis routes by Retro-MTGR are significantly consistent with those achieved by performed chemical synthesis assays. It’s anticipated that our Retro-MTGR can provide prior guidance for real retrosynthesis route planning. The code and data underlying this article are freely available at https://github.com/zpczaizheli/Retro-MTGR.
Changes in frailty and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly Chinese: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Sang Ni , Liu Rong-chao , Zhang Ming-hui , Lu Zong-Xiao , Zhang Meng-Yao , Li Bo-Han , Wei Meng , Pan Hai-Feng , Wu Guo Cui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims:
The elderly population bears a severe burden of disease due to frailty and depressive symptoms, however, the results of association between the two in the elderly Chinese population have been conflicting. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the developmental trajectories and interactions of frailty and depressive symptoms in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population.
Methods
The study used three waves of data from 2011, 2013, and 2015 in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database, focused on middle-aged and elderly people ≥ 45 years of age, and analyzed using latent growth models and cross-lagged models.
Results
According to the parallel latent growth model's findings, the initial level of depressive symptoms had a significant positive predictive effect on the initial level of frailty and a significant negative predictive effect on the rate of change in frailty. A substantial positive predictive relationship existed between the rate of change in depressive symptoms and the rate of change in response to frailty. The overall sample population, the middle-aged population, and the elderly population all showed evidence of a bidirectional causal connection between frailty and depressive symptoms as a result of cross-lagged analyses.
Conclusions
This study recommended advancing the age of concern for frailty and depressive symptoms to middle-aged adults. In the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population, the higher the initial level of frailty and the faster the rate of change, the higher the initial level of depressive symptoms and the faster the rate of change.
Genetic variations in MdSAUR36 participate in the negative regulation of mesocarp cell division and fruit size in Malus species
Authors: Tian Zhendong , Wu Bei , Liu Jing , Zhang Libo , Wu Ting , Wang Yi , Han Zhenhai , Zhang Xinzhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Final fruit size of apple (Malus domestica) cultivars is related to both mesocarp cell division and cell expansion during fruit growth, but it is unclear whether the cell division and/or cell enlargement determine most the differences in fruit size between Malus species. In this study, by using an interspecific hybrid population between M. asiatica ‘Zisai Pearl’ and M. domestica cultivar ‘Red Fuji’, we found that the mesocarp cell number was the main causal factor of diversity in fruit size between Malus species. Rapid increase in mesocarp cell number occurred prior to 28 days after anthesis (DAA), while cell size increased gradually after 28 DAA until fruit ripening. Six candidate genes related to auxin signaling or cell cycle were predicted by combining the RNA-seq data and previous QTL data for fruit weight. Two InDels and 10 SNPs in the promoter of a small auxin upregulated RNA gene MdSAUR36 in ‘Zisai Pearl’ led to a lower promoter activity than that of ‘Red Fuji’. One non-synonymous SNP G/T at 379 bp downstream of the ATG codon of MdSAUR36, which was heterozygous in ‘Zisai Pearl’, exerted significant genotype effects on fruit weight, length, and width. Transgenic apple calli by over-expressing or RNAi MdSAUR36 confirmed that MdSAUR36 participated in the negative regulation of mesocarp cell division and thus apple fruit size. These results could provide new insights in the molecular mechanism of small fruit size in Malusaccession and be potentially used in molecular assisted breeding via interspecific hybridization.
Association between autoimmune disorders and prostate cancer: a Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chen Peixian , Xiong Zhi , Luo Tianlong , Lai Yiming , Peng Shirong , Zhuang Ruilin , Li Kaiwen , Huang Hai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
Although many epidemiological studies or meta-analyses have reported an association between autoimmune disorders and prostate cancer, no studies have reported a clear causal relationship and the direction of the association. The purpose of our research was to explore the potential causal relationship between autoimmune disorders and prostate cancer through mendelian randomization study(MR).
Method:
We retrieve literature through the pubmed using key words of "Autoimmune disorder" AND "cancer", and find that more than ten autoimmune disorders and cancer are potentially related. We continue to use the keywords of “autoimmune disorder” AND “prostate cancer” to find more clues on the correlation between prostate cancer and autoimmune disease. According to the above literature support, we selected 16 common autoimmune disorders that may be associated with prostate cancer. We extracted and selected disease-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the largest and public genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was applied as our primary analyses for the two-sample Mendelian randomization and multivariate mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the OR value and 95% confidence interval. In addition, we conducted other two analyses to verify the reliability of the conclusion: weighted median method and MR-Egger method. We further verified the robustness of the conclusions by a series of sensitivity analyses.
Results:
The autoimmune diseases we selected included rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, coxarthrosis, gonarthrosis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis, asthma, type I diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune hyperthyroidism, psoriatic arthritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica. The results of IVW methods suggest that six immune diseases have been associated with the development of prostate cancer. Three diseases that may be significantly associated with higher risk of prostate cancer are rheumatoid arthritis (OR: 1.03, 95%CI,1.01-1.05, p=0.001), coxarthrosis (OR: 1.17, 95%CI,1.08-1.26, p < 0.001), and gonarthrosis (OR: 1.17, 95%CI,1.05-1.3, p=0.008). Three possible protective factors for prostate cancer are primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR: 0.97, 95%CI,0.95-0.99, p=0.001), autoimmune hyperthyroidism (OR: 0.97, 95%CI,0.94-0.99, p=0.011), and psoriatic arthritis (OR: 0.97, 95%CI,0.95-0.99, p=0.001). Multivariate Mendelian randomization found no association between Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis and prostate cancer. Horizontal pleiotropy was not found in MR-Egger intercepts.
Conclusion:
Our findings provide genetic predictive evidence of an association between autoimmune disorders and prostate cancer, and these findings have important implications for screening and management in clinical practice.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 alleviates bisphenol A-induced apoptosis in KGN cells by improving mitochondrial activity and blocking the mitochondrial cytochrome c apoptotic pathway
Authors: Tang Liting , Luo Kaiming , Du Ke , Wang Long , Hua Fei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study explored whether and how 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2VD3) mitigates bisphenol A (BPA)-induced apoptosis in human ovarian granulosa KGN cells to obtain a theoretical basis for how vitamin D improves ovarian function in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Methods
The effect of different concentrations of BPA and 1,25(OH)2VD3 on KGN cell viability was clarified. Then, KGN cells were treated with BPA to induce apoptosis and subsequently exposed to 1,25(OH)2VD3. The apoptosis rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and mitochondrial function of the cells were assessed as well as the expression levels of genes related to apoptosis, antioxidant pathways, and mitochondrial biogenesis.
Results
BPA dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation and viability of the KGN cells, induced a significant increase in oxidative stress and apoptosis, and disrupted mitochondrial function. The expression levels of apoptotic genes in the mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt c) pathway were upregulated, and those of antioxidant and mitochondrial biogenesis genes were downregulated. 1,25(OH)2VD3 significantly ameliorated apoptosis and mitochondrial damage.
Conclusions
1,25(OH)2VD3 reduces BPA-induced KGN cell damage and apoptosis by improving mitochondrial activity and blocking the mitochondrial Cyt c apoptotic pathway. This indicates that the vitamin D levels in PCOS patients of childbearing age should be monitored.
Pseudomonas otitidis bacteremia in an immunocompromised patient with cellulitis: case report and literature review
Authors: Mori Takeo , Yoshizawa Sadako , Yamada Kageto , Sato Takahiro , Sasaki Masakazu , Nakamura Yusuke , Gen Ukyo , Murakami Hinako , Kashiwagi Katsuhito , Maeda Tadashi , Miyazaki Taito , Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Urita Yoshihisa , Ishii Yoshikazu , Tateda Kazuhiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas otitidis belongs to the genus Pseudomonas and causes various infections, including ear, skin, and soft tissue infections. P. otitidishas a unique susceptibility profile, being susceptible to penicillins and cephalosporins but resistant to carbapenems, due to the production of the metallo-β-lactamase called POM-1. This revealed genetic similarities with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can sometimes lead to misidentification.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 70-year-old Japanese male who developed cellulitis and bacteremia during chemotherapy for multiple myeloma. He was initially treated with meropenem, but blood culture later revealed gram-negative bacilli identified as P. otitidis using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Carbapenem resistance was predicted from previous reports; therefore, we switched to dual therapy with levofloxacin and cefepime, and favorable treatment results were obtained.
Conclusion: This is the first reported case of P. otitidis cellulitis and bacteremia in an immunocompromised patient. Carbapenems are typically used in immunocompromised patients and P. otitidis is often resistant to it. However, its biochemical properties are similar to those of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; therefore, its accurate identification is critical. In the present study, we rapidly identified P. otitidis using MALDI-TOF MS and switched from carbapenems to an appropriate antimicrobial therapy, resulting in a successful outcome.
Molecular and virulence characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Park Seung Min , Suh Jin Woong , Ju Yong Kuk , Kim Jeong Yeon , Kim Sun Bean , Sohn Jang Wook , Yoon Young Kyung 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to characterise the molecular features and virulence profile of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates. Clinical CRAB isolates were obtained from blood cultures of adult patients with CRAB bacteraemia, collected between July 2015 and July 2021 in a Korean hospital. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect 13 virulence genes, genotyping was conducted via multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and a Tenebrio molitor infection model was selected for survival analysis. A total of 170 clinical CRAB isolates harboured the blaOXA−23 and blaOXA−51 genes. MLST genotyping identified 11 CRAB sequence types (STs), of which ST191 was the most predominant (25.7%). Virulence genes were distributed as follows: basD, 58.9%; espA, 15.9%; bap, 92.4%; ata, 86.5%; chop, 7.1%; ompA, 77.1%; pbpG; 93.5%; bfmR, 92.9%; fhaB, 70.6%; abeD, 99.4%; cpaA, 0.6%; lipA, 99.4%; and recA, 100%. In the T. molitor model, ST195 showed a significantly higher mortality rate (73.3% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.015) and ST451 displayed a lower mortality rate (60.0% vs. 73.3%, p = 0.007) compared to counterpart groups. Our findings provided insight on the microbiological features of CRAB blood isolates. A potential framework for using a T. molitor infection model to characterise CRAB pathogen virulence is suggested.