bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MICROHARDNESS OF CERAMIC MATERIALS BASED ON Ge-DOPED ARGYRODITE Ag6PS5I
Authors: Filep Michael , Pogodin Artem , Shender Iryna , Malakhovska Tetyana , Bilanych Vitaliy , Kokhan Oleksandr 
Published: July 2023

This paper presents the preparation of mic­rocrystalline powders of Ag6PS5I, solid solutions of Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) and ceramic materials based on them. The microhardness of the ceramic samples was measured and the effect of heterovalent substitution of P5+↔Ge4+ on the mechanical properties of the studied samples was determined. The synthesis of initial Ag6PS5I and necessary for doping Ag7GeS5I was performed from the high purity elemental components (Ag, P, Ge, S) and previously synthesized binary AgI. Solid solutions of the Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) composition were synthesized from previously synthesised Ag6PS5I and Ag7GeS5I taken in stoichiometric amounts by a direct one-temperature method. As a result, polycrystalline bulk alloys of Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I solid were obtained. Microcrystalline Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I powders were obtained from the synthesized polycrystalline alloys by mechanical grinding (agate mortar). The powders were sieved through sieves with a pore size of 20 μm and 10 μm to obtain a fraction of crystallites with a size of 10-20 μm. The phase composition of the obtained powders was studied by means of XRD method. It has been found that the powder patterns of the studied samples are cha­racterized by the presence only of one system of reflexes corresponding to the face-centred cubic cell with SG F-43m. The resulting micropowders were pressed (P ~ 400 MPa) in the form of discs and annealed at 650 °С in vacuum quartz ampoules. The microhardness of the ceramics obtained in this way was measured by the Vickers method. For all ceramics, a decrease in the microhardness H is observed with an increase in the load P. This indicates that a direct size effect is observed for ceramics made on the basis of solid solutions of Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I. The obtained values of microhardness at a load of P > 1–1.5 N are independent of the load, which indicates the achievement of intrinsic hardness. Meyer's law was used to further analyze the microhardness and size effect of Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I solid solutions. The obtained values of the Meyer's index for Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I based ceramics are in the range n = 1.78 ÷ 1.81, which demonstrates the implementation of a direct size effect in these samples and indicates that the studied ceramics belong to soft materials. The concentration dependence of the microhardness indicates that an increase in the Germanium content in ceramic materials of solid solutions of Ag6+xP1-xGexS5I leads to a decrease in the microhardness of the materials.
EFFECT OF IMMERSION TYPE III GYPSUM IN SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE AND POVIDONE-IODINE SOLUTIONS ON THE NUMBER OF CANDIDA ALBICANS COLONIES
Authors: Rizal Moh. Basroni , Andriani Dwi , Putra Yoga Pratama 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cross-infection is the transfer of microorganisms that can occur from individual to individual or to object. Candida albicans is one of the infectious pathogens that can cause cross-infection in dentistry. One example is the manufacture of working models of gypsum material, which can cause cross-infection from patients to dentists or technicians, so it is necessary to control infection by means of disinfection of type III gypsum material work models. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of soaking type III Gypsum in a 0.5% Sodium hypochlorite and 2% Povidone Iodine solution against the growth of Candida albicans. Methods: A laboratory experiment with a total of 21 samples, consisting of 7 samples for each group. The sample is made of a type III gypsum plate measuring 2 x 1 x 0.5 cm. The sample consisted of 3 groups: treatment 1, treatment 2, and treatment 3. The study used the diffusion method. Gypsum plate type III was contaminated with Candida albicans and then immersed in a solution of sterile distilled water (C), 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (P1), and 2% povidone-iodine (P2). The soaking results were planted in SDA media, incubated for 2x24 hours, and then counted using a colony counter. The data were analyzed using Kruskal- Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc analyses. Results: In the Kruskal- Wallis analysis of significance (p), between each group, there was a significant difference (p<0.05). The Mann-Whitney post hoc analysis test showed a correlation between group K and P1 and P2 (p<0.05). Conclusion: 0.5% Sodium Hypochlorite and 2% Povidone Iodine solutions are effective as disinfectants using the immersion method in Type III Gypsum against the growth of Candida albicans.
Expression of SRP-9001 dystrophin and stabilization of motor function up to 2 years post-treatment with delandistrogene moxeparvovec gene therapy in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Mendell Jerry R. , Shieh Perry B. , McDonald Craig M. , Sahenk Zarife , Lehman Kelly J. , Lowes Linda P. , Reash Natalie F. , Iammarino Megan A. , Alfano Lindsay N. , Sabo Brenna , Woods Jeremy D. , Skura Christy L. , Mao Howard C. , Staudt Loretta A. , Griffin Danielle A. , Lewis Sarah , Wang Shufang , Potter Rachael A. , Singh Teji , Rodino-Klapac Louise R. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Delandistrogene moxeparvovec (SRP-9001) is an investigational gene transfer therapy designed for targeted expression of SRP-9001 dystrophin protein, a shortened dystrophin retaining key functional domains of the wild-type protein.Methods: This Phase 2, double-blind, two-part (48 weeks per part) crossover study (SRP-9001-102 [Study 102]; NCT03769116) evaluated delandistrogene moxeparvovec in patients, aged ≥4 to &lt;8 years with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Primary endpoints (Part 1) were change from baseline (CFBL) in SRP-9001 dystrophin expression (Week 12), by Western blot, and in North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) score (Week 48). Safety assessments included treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Patients were randomized and stratified by age to placebo (n = 21) or delandistrogene moxeparvovec (n = 20) and crossed over for Part 2.Results: SRP-9001 dystrophin expression was achieved in all patients: mean CFBL to Week 12 was 23.82% and 39.64% normal in Parts 1 and 2, respectively. In Part 1, CFBL to Week 48 in NSAA score (least-squares mean, LSM [standard error]) was +1.7 (0.6) with treatment versus +0.9 (0.6) for placebo; p = 0.37. Disparity in baseline motor function between groups likely confounded these results. In 4- to 5-year-olds with matched baseline motor function, CFBL to Week 48 in NSAA scores was significantly different (+2.5 points; p = 0.0172), but not significantly different in 6-to-7-year-olds with imbalanced baseline motor function (−0.7 points; p = 0.5384). For patients treated with delandistrogene moxeparvovec in Part 2, CFBL to Week 48 in NSAA score was +1.3 (2.7), whereas for those treated in Part 1, NSAA scores were maintained. As all patients in Part 2 were exposed to treatment, results were compared with a propensity-score-weighted external control (EC) cohort. The LSM difference in NSAA score between the Part 2 treated group and EC cohort was statistically significant (+2.0 points; p = 0.0009). The most common TRAEs were vomiting, decreased appetite, and nausea. Most occurred within the first 90 days and all resolved.Discussion: Results indicate robust expression of SRP-9001 dystrophin and overall stabilization in NSAA up to 2 years post-treatment. Differences in NSAA between groups in Part 1 were not significant for the overall population, likely because cohorts were stratified only by age, and other critical prognostic factors were not well matched at baseline.
Pre-transplant immune profile defined by principal component analysis predicts acute rejection after kidney transplantation
Authors: Gaiffe Emilie , Colladant Mathilde , Desmaret Maxime , Bamoulid Jamal , Leroux Franck , Laheurte Caroline , Brouard Sophie , Giral Magali , Saas Philippe , Courivaud Cécile , Degauque Nicolas , Ducloux Didier 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAcute rejection persists as a frequent complication after kidney transplantation. Defining an at-risk immune profile would allow better preventive approaches.MethodsWe performed unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis on pre-transplant immunological phenotype in 1113 renal transplant recipients from the ORLY-EST cohort.ResultsWe identified three immune profiles correlated with clinical phenotypes. A memory immune cluster was defined by memory CD4+T cell expansion and decreased naïve CD4+T cell. An activated immune cluster was characterized by an increase in CD8+T cells and a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio. A naïve immune cluster was mainly defined by increased naïve CD4+T cells. Patients from the memory immune profile tend to be older and to have diabetes whereas those from the activated immune profile were younger and more likely to have pre-transplant exposure to CMV. Patients from the activated immune profile were more prone to experience acute rejection than those from other clusters [(HR=1.69, 95%IC[1.05-2.70], p=0.030) and (HR=1.85; 95%IC[1.16-3.00], p=0.011). In the activated immune profile, those without previous exposure to CMV (24%) were at very high risk of acute rejection (27 vs 16%, HR=1.85; 95%IC[1.04-3.33], p=0.039).ConclusionImmune profile determination based on principal component analysis defines clinically different sub-groups and discriminate a population at high-risk of acute rejection.
Long-lasting responses with chemotherapy followed by T-cell therapy in recurrent or metastatic EBV-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Secondino Simona , Pedrazzoli Paolo , Basso Sabrina , Bossi Paolo , Bianco Alba , Imarisio Ilaria , Pagani Anna , De Cicco Marica , Muscianisi Stella , Casanova Michela , Morosi Carlo , Bergamini Cristiana , Benazzo Marco , Cossu Rocca Maria , Perotti Cesare , Baldanti Fausto , Zecca Marco , Licitra Lisa F. , Comoli Patrizia 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundRefractory or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective salvage treatments and prolonged survival by means of combination chemotherapy being described only for a minority of younger patients with oligometastatic disease. Targeting the Epstein - Barr virus (EBV) proteins expressed in NPC cells has been shown to be a feasible strategy that could help control systemic disease.Patients and MethodsBetween 2011 and 2014, 16 patients with recurrent/metastatic EBV-NPC received first-line chemotherapy (CT) followed by 2 doses of autologous cytotoxic EBV specific T-lymphocytes (15-25 x 107 total cells/dose, 2 weeks apart), based on our previous studies showing the feasibility and efficacy of this infusion regimen. Cumulative overall survival (OS) and median OS were analysed in the whole population and according to specific clinical and biological parameters.ResultsAll patients received the planned T-cell therapy schedule, 9 after reaching partial (n=5) or complete (n=4) disease remission with CT, and 7 after failing to obtain benefit from chemotherapy. No severe adverse events were recorded. Patients who received cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) had a cumulative 10-year OS of 44%, with a median OS of 60 months (95% CI 42-62). Patients responding to CT, with oligometastatic disease (&lt;3 disease sites), and plasma EBV-DNA &lt;1000 copies/mL had a better outcome.ConclusionsAutologous EBV-specific CTLs transplanted following conventional first-line CT demonstrated promising efficacy with several patients obtaining long-lasting disease control. The rationale provided by this study, with the crucial role likely played by the timing of CTL administration when trying to induce synergy with conventional treatment needs to be confirmed in a prospective controlled trial.
The role of CD8+ T cells in endometriosis: a systematic review
Authors: Kisovar Ana , Becker Christian M. , Granne Ingrid , Southcombe Jennifer H. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundEndometriosis is a chronic disease affecting 6–10% of women of reproductive age. It is an important cause of infertility and chronic pelvic pain with poorly understood aetiology. CD8+ T (CD8 T) cells were shown to be linked to infertility and chronic pain and play a significant role in lesion clearance in other pathologies, yet their function in endometriosis is unknown. We systematically evaluated the literature on the CD8 T in peripheral blood and endometriosis-associated tissues to determine the current understanding of their pathophysiological and clinical relevance in the disease and associated conditions (e.g. infertility and pelvic pain).MethodsFour databases were searched (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL), from database inception until September 2022, for papers written in the English language with database-specific relevant terms/free-text terms from two categories: CD8 T cells and endometriosis. We included peer-reviewed papers investigating CD8 T cells in peripheral blood and endometriosis-associated tissues of patients with surgically confirmed endometriosis between menarche and menopause, and animal models with oestrous cycles. Studies enrolling participants with other gynaecological pathologies (except uterine fibroids and tubal factor infertility used as controls), cancer, immune diseases, or taking immune or hormonal therapy were excluded.Results28 published case-control studies and gene set analyses investigating CD8 T cells in endometriosis were included. Data consistently indicate that CD8 T cells are enriched in endometriotic lesions in comparison to eutopic endometrium, with no differences in peripheral blood CD8 T populations between patients and healthy controls. Evidence on CD8 T cells in peritoneal fluid and eutopic endometrium is conflicting. CD8 T cell cytotoxicity was increased in the menstrual effluent of patients, and genomic analyses have shown a clear trend of enriched CD8 T effector memory cells in the eutopic endometrium of patients.ConclusionLiterature on CD8 T cells in endometriosis-associated tissues is inconsistent. Increased CD8 T levels are found in endometriotic lesions, however, their activation potential is understudied in all relevant tissues. Future research should focus on identifying clinically relevant phenotypes to support the development of non-invasive diagnostic and treatment strategies.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO identifier CRD42021233304
Effect of postoperative residual astigmatism on visual outcomes after trifocal intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Zhang Limei , Shen Wenqian , Shen Jiying , Wang Min , Ni Shuang , Guo Haike , Yang Jin 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of residual astigmatism on postoperative visual outcomes after trifocal intraocular lens implantation.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we divided 156 eyes into two groups according to postoperative astigmatism measured by subjective optometry and followed them up for 3 months. Visual acuity, modulation transfer function (MTF) curves, Strehl ratio (SR), Visual Function Index-14 scores, and photic phenomena were compared.ResultsLinear regression analysis revealed a weak correlation between residual astigmatism and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) (r = 0.190, P = 0.016) at 3 months and a significant between-group difference at 1- and 3-month postoperative UDVA (P = 0.038, P = 0.018, respectively). MTF curve values and SR (MTF-10 total, MTF-10 cornea, MTF-30 total, MTF-30 cornea, SR Total, and SR cornea) were significantly worse (P &lt; 0.001), and the Visual Function Index-14 scores were lower in the 0.5 &lt; astigmatism ≤ 1.25 D group (P &lt; 0.05) than in the astigmatism ≤ 0.5 D group. No significant differences were found in the frequency, severity, and bothersomeness of photic phenomena (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionPostoperative residual astigmatism affects the UDVA of the trifocal intraocular lens-implanted eyes. Although we found no significant differences in uncorrected intermediate and near visual acuity, both objective and subjective visual quality were affected, suggesting the need for surgical planning when the anticipated postoperative astigmatism is &gt;0.5 D.
Associations between adiposity, diabetes, lifestyle factors and the risk of gliomas
Authors: Liu Xiaozhi , Wang Yang , Wang Yuxiang , Zhao Jincheng , Shi Wanchao , Zhao Yujun , Chen Lei , Wu Lei 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundDespite numerous observational studies linking adiposity, diabetes, and lifestyle factors with gliomas, the causal associations between them remain uncertain.MethodsThis study aimed to use two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate whether these associations are causal. Specifically, independent genetic variants in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), type 2 diabetes (T2D), smoking, alcohol, and coffee consumption were extracted from the published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with genome-wide significance. The corresponding summary-level data for gliomas were available from a GWAS of 1,856 cases and 4,955 controls of European descent from the GliomaScan consortium. Additionally, glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1 data were used for validation, and Radial MR analysis was conducted to examine the potential outlier single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).ResultsOne standard deviation (SD) increase in BMI had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.392 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.935–2.071) for gliomas, while one SD increase in WC had an OR of 0.967 (95% CI, 0.547–1.710). For T2D, a one-unit increase in log-transformed OR had an OR of 0.923 (95% CI, 0.754–1.129). The prevalence of smoking initiation had an OR of 1.703 (95% CI, 0.871–3.326) for gliomas, while the prevalence of alcohol intake frequency had an OR of 0.806 (95% CI, 0.361–1.083), and the prevalence of coffee intake had an OR of 0.268 (95% CI, 0.033–2.140) for gliomas.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that adiposity, T2D, smoking, alcohol drinking, and coffee intake do not play causal roles in the development of gliomas. The findings highlight the importance of reconsidering causal relationships in epidemiological research to better understand the risk factors and prevention strategies for gliomas.
Association between physical activity and episodic memory and the moderating effects of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele and age
Authors: Lee Boung Chul , Choe Young Min , Suh Guk-Hee , Choi Ihn-Geun , Kim Hyun Soo , Hwang Jaeuk , Yi Dahyun , Kim Jee Wook 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAn abundance of evidence indicates that physical activity may protect against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related cognitive decline. However, little is known about the association between physical activity and AD-related cognitive decline according to age and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele (APOE4) as major risk factors. Therefore, we examined whether age and APOE4 status modulate the effects of physical activity on episodic memory as AD-related cognition in non-demented older adults.MethodsWe enrolled 196 adults aged between 65 and 90 years, with no dementia. All participants underwent comprehensive clinical assessments including physical activity evaluation and APOE genotyping. The AD-related cognitive domain was assessed by the episodic memory, as the earliest cognitive change in AD, and non-memory cognition for comparative purposes. Overall cognition was assessed by the total score (TS) of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease neuropsychological battery.ResultsWe found significant physical activity × age and physical activity × APOE4 interaction effects on episodic memory. Subgroup analyses indicated that an association between physical activity and increased episodic memory was apparent only in subjects aged &gt; 70 years, and in APOE4-positive subjects.ConclusionOur findings suggest that physical activity has beneficial effects on episodic memory, as an AD-related cognitive domain, in individuals aged &gt; 70 years and in APOE4-positive individuals. Physicians should take age and APOE4 status account into when recommending physical activity to prevent AD-related cognitive decline.
Emotional brain network decoded by biological spiking neural network
Authors: Xu Hubo , Cao Kexin , Chen Hongguang , Abudusalamu Awuti , Wu Wei , Xue Yanxue 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionEmotional disorders are essential manifestations of many neurological and psychiatric diseases. Nowadays, researchers try to explore bi-directional brain-computer interface techniques to help the patients. However, the related functional brain areas and biological markers are still unclear, and the dynamic connection mechanism is also unknown.MethodsTo find effective regions related to different emotion recognition and intervention, our research focuses on finding emotional EEG brain networks using spiking neural network algorithm with binary coding. We collected EEG data while human participants watched emotional videos (fear, sadness, happiness, and neutrality), and analyzed the dynamic connections between the electrodes and the biological rhythms of different emotions.ResultsThe analysis has shown that the local high-activation brain network of fear and sadness is mainly in the parietal lobe area. The local high-level brain network of happiness is in the prefrontal-temporal lobe-central area. Furthermore, the α frequency band could effectively represent negative emotions, while the α frequency band could be used as a biological marker of happiness. The decoding accuracy of the three emotions reached 86.36%, 95.18%, and 89.09%, respectively, fully reflecting the excellent emotional decoding performance of the spiking neural network with self- backpropagation.DiscussionThe introduction of the self-backpropagation mechanism effectively improves the performance of the spiking neural network model. Different emotions exhibit distinct EEG networks and neuro-oscillatory-based biological markers. These emotional brain networks and biological markers may provide important hints for brain-computer interface technique exploration to help related brain disease recovery.
Factors influencing age of common allergen introduction in early childhood
Authors: Marget Michael , Virkud Yamini V. , Shreffler Wayne G. , Martin Victoria M. , Yuan Qian 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesWe evaluated factors influencing the timing of allergen introduction in the U.S., including updated peanut introduction guidelines.Study designThe Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Allergic Proctocolitis (GMAP) study is a prospective observational cohort in suburban Massachusetts. Infants' caregivers enrolled between 2014 and 2017, and they reported when they introduced common allergens to their child. Multivariable linear and survival regression analyses were used to examine factors influencing time of introduction of allergens.ResultsBy 9 months, children old enough to be potentially affected by NIAID's 2017 peanut introduction guidelines were more often introduced to peanut than children enrolled well before guidelines publication [54% vs. 42%, OR: 1.63, CI: (1.03, 2.57), P = 0.03]. At any given time, Black children were 73% [HR: 0.27, CI: (0.11, 0.69), P = 0.006] less likely to be introduced to peanut as early as White children. Asian children were, respectively, 36% [HR: 0.64, CI: (0.47, 0.86), P = 0.003] and 26% [HR: 0.74, CI: (0.55, 0.97), P = 0.03] less likely to be introduced to peanut and egg as early as White children. A first child was 27% [HR: 1.27, CI: (1.04, 1.56), P = 0.02] more likely to have been introduced to peanut earlier than a non-first child. There was no association between age of introduction and sex, gestational age, family history of food allergy, or other allergic comorbidities.ConclusionUpdated introduction guidelines, race, and birth order all influenced earlier introduction of peanut. Further studies to evaluate current practices for allergen introduction with a focus on potential disparities are needed.