bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and aetiology of low‐temperature burns in Beijing of China
Authors: Xie Xiaoye , Liu Xinzhu , Cai Jianhua , Zhang Bohan , Sun Tianjun , Luo Peng , An Dai , Deng Yurong , Shen Chuan'an 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study was designed to analyse the characteristics and aetiology of low‐temperature burns and explore the prevention and treatment strategies. In total, 206 patients hospitalised with low‐temperature burns in a major burn center in Beijing from 2017 to 2021 were included. There were 35–49 cases per year, with an average of 41 ± 4.5 cases. The prevalence of low‐temperature burns was higher in female than in male and are mainly resulted from two kinds of incidents: unintended burns from heat treatment (50.97%, 105/206) and improper use of heating devices to keep warm (43.69%, 90/206). Most cases occurred in autumn (33.01%, 68/206) and the least in spring (17.96%, 37/206); cases in summer (24.27%, 50/206) and winter (24.76%, 51/206) accounted for nearly a quadrant respectively. Low‐temperature burns in summer were mainly unintended burns from heat treatment (80%, 40/50), whereas in autumn were mainly resulted from improper use of heating devices to keep warm (55.88%, 38/68), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 42.801, P < .001). Of all the cases, the burn size ranged from 0.2% to 5% TBSA, mostly less than 1% (85.92%, 177/206); third‐degree burns accounted for 98.54% (203/206). Patients admitted after 3 weeks post‐injury accounted for 42.23% (87/206). All patients were cured, and most of them were by surgeries (70.87%, 146/206). The results of the study show that low‐temperature burn injury features a predictable morbidity among different seasons, a higher prevalence in adult women and a frequent occurrence at home. The wounds of low‐temperature burns are often small in size but deep in depth, and can be easily misdiagnosed as superficial burns. However, most low‐temperature burn wounds require surgical treatment. The study also suggests that based on the characteristics and aetiology of low‐temperature burns, targeted prevention and treatment measures should be mapped out.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and characterization of Na2SrV4O12: A low‐firing dielectric vanadate
Authors: Li Chunchun , Meng Yingzhi , Hou Hongping , Zhang Amei , Khaliq Jibran , Liao Na , Fu Caixia , Liu Laijun , Du Hongliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this work, cyclotetravanadate Na2SrV4O12 was synthesized at a relatively low sintering temperature of ∼500°C using a solid‐state reaction method. X‐ray diffraction and a transmission electron microscope characterization featured a tetragonal structure that was built by a 3D frame of isolated tetracyclic (V4O12)4−. Dielectric measurements demonstrated strong dependence on frequency and temperature. A low relative permittivity of εr ∼ 8 ± 0.2 and a dielectric (loss tanδ) ∼ 0.4 ± 0.01 was achieved at a frequency of 10 kHz and room temperature. ac impedance and conductivity analysis revealed a thermally activated migration behavior of charge carriers with a short‐range hopping feature. XPS analysis validated the existence of oxygen vacancy and reduction in vanadium (from V5+ to V4+), which gave rise to charged lattice defects. The migration or hopping of such charged defects was responsible for the observed electrical behaviors. Owing to the simple composition, inexpensive raw materials and low density (2.99 g/cm3) make Na2SrV4O12 ceramic a potential candidate for lightweight devices and in photocatalytic degradation and all‐solid‐state ion batteries.
Supply chain and operations management on the TMT: A study of recall propensity
Authors: Paraskevas John‐Patrick , Steven Adams , Corsi Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the drivers of product quality failures as manifested through recalls. More specifically, this research develops theory regarding supply chain and operations management (SCOM) representation in organizational top management teams (TMT) and this representation's association with the frequency of recalls, the type of recalls, and the severity of recalls. The moderating effect of both recent and historical organizational recall knowledge is also explored. This study uses unique data sets, collected from multiple sources, containing executives' backgrounds, firm characteristics, and product recalls. The study finds that firms with SCOM representation on their TMTs have fewer recalls overall and fewer severe recalls. We also find that firms with SCOM representation on the TMT are less likely to suffer from subsequent recalls after a history of recalling. Lastly, we discover interesting nuances with respect to the form of SCOM representation present on the TMT (CEO and functional executive).
Association of acute‐to‐chronic glycemic ratio and outcomes in patients with COVID‐19 and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus: A retrospective nationwide cohort study
Authors: Uchihara Masaki , Sugiyama Takehiro , Bouchi Ryotaro , Matsunaga Nobuaki , Asai Yusuke , Gatanaga Hiroyuki , Ohsugi Mitsuru , Ohmagari Norio , Kajio Hiroshi , Ueki Kohjiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo assess the association of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and its acute‐to‐chronic glycemic ratio with clinical outcome in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) using a large‐scale nationwide registry in Japan.Materials and MethodsOverall, 4,747 patients were included between July 2021 and January 2022. We evaluated blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels at admission, and calculated the acute‐to‐chronic glycemic ratio for each non‐diabetes mellitus, undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and pre‐existing diabetes mellitus group. The primary composite outcome comprised in‐hospital mortality, invasive mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, intensive care unit admission and transfer to a more advanced medical facility.ResultsCompared with the non‐diabetes mellitus group, the undiagnosed diabetes mellitus group was significantly associated with a worse COVID‐19 outcome (odds ratio 2.18, 95% confidence interval 1.50–3.18). In patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, the 3rd tertile of the acute‐to‐chronic glycemic ratio was linked with a worse COVID‐19 outcome compared with the 1st tertile (odds ratio 3.33, 95% confidence interval 1.43–7.77), whereas glycated hemoglobin levels were not; among patients with pre‐existing diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin levels were linked with a worse outcome.ConclusionsAmong patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus with COVID‐19, the magnitude of elevation of blood glucose from chronic to acute levels is associated with worse outcomes.
3D Whole‐body skin imaging for automated melanoma detection
Authors: Marchetti M. A. , Nazir Z. H. , Nanda J. K. , Dusza S. W. , D'Alessandro B. M. , DeFazio J. , Halpern A. C. , Rotemberg V. M. , Marghoob A. A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundExisting artificial intelligence for melanoma detection has relied on analysing images of lesions of clinical interest, which may lead to missed melanomas. Tools analysing the entire skin surface are lacking.ObjectivesTo determine if melanoma can be distinguished from other skin lesions using data from automated analysis of 3D‐images.MethodsSingle‐centre, retrospective, observational convenience sample of patients diagnosed with melanoma at a tertiary care cancer hospital. Eligible participants were those with a whole‐body 3D‐image captured within 90 days prior to the diagnostic skin biopsy. 3D‐images were obtained as standard of care using VECTRA WB360 Whole Body 3‐dimensional Imaging System (Canfield Scientific). Automated data from image processing (i.e. lesion size, colour, border) for all eligible participants were exported from VECTRA DermaGraphix research software for analysis. The main outcome was the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsA total of 35 patients contributed 23,538 automatically identified skin lesions >2 mm in largest diameter (102–3021 lesions per participant). All were White patients and 23 (66%) were males. The median (range) age was 64 years (26–89). There were 49 lesions of melanoma and 22,489 lesions that were not melanoma. The AUC for the prediction model was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92–0.96). Considering all lesions in a patient‐level analysis, 14 (28%) melanoma lesions had the highest predicted score or were in the 99th percentile among all lesions for an individual patient.ConclusionsIn this proof‐of‐concept pilot study, we demonstrated that automated analysis of whole‐body 3D‐images using simple image processing techniques can discriminate melanoma from other skin lesions with high accuracy. Further studies with larger, higher quality, and more representative 3D‐imaging datasets would be needed to improve and validate these results.
The burden of alopecia areata: A scoping review focusing on quality of life, mental health and work productivity
Authors: Muntyanu Anastasiya , Gabrielli Sofianne , Donovan Jeffrey , Gooderham Melinda , Guenther Lyn , Hanna Sameh , Lynde Charles , Prajapati Vimal H. , Wiseman Marni , Netchiporouk Elena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlopecia areata (AA) is a common inflammatory autoimmune disease of the hair which can have a significant negative impact on quality of life (QoL), mental health and productivity. The aim of this scoping review is to elucidate the burden of AA focusing on these three realms. Inclusion criteria included all original manuscripts with no restriction on study type or statistical method written in English (or having an English abstract). For QoL 40 articles were included, 85 for psychiatric comorbidities, and 9 for work/school absenteeism/presenteeism mostly consisting of cross‐sectional and observational cohort studies. QoL impairment was detected in over 75% of patients and up to one‐third reported extremely severe QoL impairments. Specific QoL dimensions with the greatest impact were embarrassment, social functioning, as well as shopping and/or housework. Cross‐sectional studies assessing the psychological burden of adult patients with AA found that the presence of signs of anxiety and/or depression ranged from 30% to 68% and affected all age groups. Rates of work absenteeism and unemployment were significantly higher in AA patients compared to healthy controls. Up to 62% reported making major life decisions including relationships, education and career based on their AA. Additionally, the extensive camouflage techniques and time lost from work led to a strong financial burden for patients and the numerous physician visits added to the healthcare costs. The overall impact of AA stretches much further than simply being an aesthetic concern and can negatively impact every part of an individual's life. An individualized approach and effective treatments will help reduce the psychosocial consequences and distress and return patients to their normal state of health.
Secondary predation by omnivores: Cereal aphid consumption bears no risk of misinterpretation in DNA‐based diet analysis
Authors: Neidel Veronika , Wallinger Corinna , Traugott Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany omnivorous arthropods act as important pest control agents in agroecosystems. Assessing their prey choices helps to better understand their biocontrol potential in different environmental settings. To this end, multi‐target approaches of molecular gut content analysis allow studying their prey choices. Yet, DNA‐based analysis of trophic interactions is challenged by the question of whether the detected food DNA was ingested primarily as direct prey, or secondarily via the gut content of a consumed animal. Experimental data are needed to understand the potential bias derived through secondary predation. Here we address this issue for a phloem‐feeding aphid consumed by omnivorous carabids. In feeding experiments, Pseudoophonus rufipes beetles were offered grain aphids Sitobion avenae as primary prey, which had fed on barley seedlings. Gut content samples of carabids collected after 0, 3, 9, 12, 24, 32 or 64 h of digestion time and whole‐body aphids were screened for the presence of aphid and plant DNA. Samples positive for plant DNA were subsequently tested with Poaceae‐specific primers. None of the 7.8% gut content samples that tested positive for general plant DNA amplified with the Poaceae primers. Moreover, none of the whole‐body extracted aphids tested positive for plant DNA, neither with general nor with family‐specific primers. We, therefore, conclude that the plant DNA detections in our experiment can be ascribed to remnants of plant material in the guts of the field‐collected carabids. Our findings demonstrate that these phloem‐feeding aphids are an unlikely cause of false trophic link assignment because no secondarily consumed plant DNA, derived either from aphid gut content or host‐plant environmental DNA on aphid bodies, could be detected in carabid gut content samples.
Perio‐prosthodontic pontic site management, part I: Pontic designs and their current applications
Authors: Gomez‐Meda Ramon , Esquivel Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveEmulating natural dentition with dental implant restorations is challenging, increasing its complexity when a pontic area must be restored. Many different methods have been described to solve this problem. The pontic designs which have been proposed have specific indications and may require additional treatments, including soft tissue augmentation procedures, to increase the possibility of an esthetically pleasing and biologically tolerable outcome. Proper conditioning of the soft tissues during the interim restoration stage and adequate communication with the laboratory are also critical factors to a successful outcome. This article describes the different approaches to restoring pontic sites with different degrees of complexity, their clinical indications, and limitations viewed from a perio‐prosthodontic approach.Clinical ConsiderationsDifferent clinical scenarios for pontic sites require different approaches. Missing hard and soft tissues can be replaced by surgical or prosthetic means. Understanding the clinical indications and implications of the different pontic designs allows the clinician to make good decisions when planning and treating patients that require replacement of pontic spaces leading to more successful outcomes.ConclusionsDifferent pontic designs have specific indications as well as biologic and esthetic prognoses. Selection of a good design, proper modifications during the provisionalization stage, and adequate communication with the dental laboratory will lead to higher chances of esthetic and biological success.Clinical SignificanceThe proper pontic design allows for esthetically pleasing pontic sites which emulate natural emergence from the soft tissues while promoting biological stability.
Critical roles of VipB protein on virulence and oxidative stress tolerance in Aeromonas veronii
Authors: Song Haichao , Yang Bintong , Kang Yuanhuan , Cong Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAeromonas veronii is a zoonotic pathogen capable of causing sepsis and ulceration in freshwater fish. Recently, reports of numerous cases indicate a marked increase in pathogenicity. Nonetheless, little is known about the pathogenesis of A. veronii infections. In this study, an in‐frame mutant of the A. veronii vipB gene was generated to investigate its biological function. Deletion of the vipB gene resulted in a significant 204.71‐fold decrease in the LD50 of A. veronii against zebrafish and a 2‐fold and 4‐fold reduction in the toxicity to EPC cells at 1 h and 2 h of infection, respectively. The virulence‐related genes of the mutant ΔvipB all showed significantly reduced expression levels compared to the wild strain. In addition, the motility of the mutant ΔvipB decreased significantly, the adhesion ability to EPC cells was 3.25‐fold lower than that of the parental strain, and the oxidative stress tolerance was 2.31‐fold lower than that of TH0426 strain. In contrast, the biofilm formation amount of ΔvipB strain increased by 1.65‐fold at both 12 h and 24 h. Our findings suggest that the vipB gene is associated with flagella stability, virulence, and oxidative stress tolerance and plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of A. veronii infections.
High‐intensity ultrasound treatment: An effective way of modifying thermal and rheological properties of sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea) protein isolate (SHPI) by varying ultrasound amplitude and time
Authors: Rawat Rashmi , Saini Charanjiv Singh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, sunnhemp protein isolate was prepared to investigate the effect of ultrasound amplitude (40% and 50%) and time (10, 20, and 30 min) on the physicochemical, thermal, and rheological properties of sunnhemp protein isolates (SHPIs) at fixed power and frequency. Ultrasound treatment decreased the water activity of SHPIs. Improvement in the in vitro protein‐digestibility was observed during ultrasound treatment. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results indicated changes in the denaturation temperature and weight loss in all ultrasonicated sunnhemp protein samples. Thermal stability of ultrasound‐treated SHPIs was improved indicating modification in the secondary structures of SHPI caused by ultrasound treatment. From the rheology results, dramatically higher storage and loss modulus values as a function of frequency and temperature were observed in modified SHPIs samples over native sample. Ultrasonication is an efficient approach for modifying the physico‐chemical, thermal and rheological characteristics of sunnhemp proteins for food applications where thermal stability is required.Practical ApplicationsToday's consumer is not only concerned with the relationship between food intake and wellness, but also with the sustainability of the environment as well. So, the consumption of plant‐based proteins over animal‐based proteins is on the rise. There is a need to explore underutilized plant‐based protein sources, which should be incorporated in our nutritional diet. Sunnhemp seeds are loaded with high protein content and are therefore, a novel and sustainable plant‐based protein source. Sunnhemp seeds also have well balanced amino acid composition and have other medicinal properties. However, plant‐based protein shows poor functionalities when compared to animal‐based protein. Therefore, there is a need to modify plant‐based proteins before incorporating into the final food products. In the present research, sunnhemp protein isolate has been modified to increase its functionality, which could be taken by food processing industries.
The effect of heterogeneities and small cavities on levee failures: The case study of the Panaro levee breach (Italy) on 6 December 2020
Authors: Ceccato Francesca , Simonini Paolo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the levee failure that occurred on 6 December 2020 at Castelfranco Emilia, near Modena (Italy), showing that it cannot be explained without assuming the presence of local heterogeneities or a small cavity. The possible presence of these defects is supported by evidence derived from historical data and site observations. Fully coupled hydromechanical finite element simulations prove that the river embankment assumed without any deficiency had a sufficient level of safety for the considered event, thus it is necessary to hypothesize the presence of a local defect. The presence of a small cavity, in hydraulic communication with the river and buried at shallow depth, is assumed. This could be, for example, a new den, an old animal burrow repaired only partially, or a rotten plant root. Numerical analysis shows that the increase in water pressure within the cavity can trigger local failure of the landside slope, thus starting concentrated erosion. In highly erodible soils, this mechanism can lead very rapidly to the opening of the breach. A new analytical expression for the factor of safety of the soil wedge between the cavity and the surface is proposed. This approach is very simple and easily applicable, for example, to the assessment of levee vulnerability to animal burrows at a large scale. The results of the study are relevant for the management of water retaining structures.
Decision‐making and future pregnancies after a positive fetal anomaly screen: A scoping review
Authors: Shorey Shefaly , Lalor Joan , Pereira Travis Lanz‐Brian , Jarašiūnaitė‐Fedosejeva Gabija , Downe Soo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo examine and consolidate literature on the experiences and decision‐making of parents following a screen positive result for a potential fetal anomaly and/or diagnosis of an actual anomaly in a previous pregnancy.BackgroundPrenatal screening consists of any diagnostic modality that is aimed at acquiring information about a fetus or an embryo; however, the entire process is highly stressful for parents, especially if there was a previous screen positive result, but no abnormality was detected in the final result.MethodsEight electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest Theses and Dissertations and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched from each database's inception until February 2022. This scoping review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's framework and was reported in accordance with the PRISMA‐ScR checklist. Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis framework was utilised.ResultsThirty‐one studies were eligible for inclusion. Two main themes (reliving the fear while maintaining hope, and bridging the past and future pregnancies) and six subthemes were identified.ConclusionsA fetal anomaly diagnosis in pregnancy had a mixed impact on the attitudes of parents toward a future pregnancy. Some parents were fearful of reliving a traumatic experience, while others were determined to have a healthy child and grow their family. Parents generally expressed a greater preference for non‐invasive over invasive prenatal testing due to the procedural risks involved.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThere is a need for healthcare professionals to provide psychosocial and emotional support to parents so that they can achieve resolution for their previous pregnancy. Healthcare professionals' ability to provide informational support also enables these parents to make informed decision and understand their reproductive outcomes. Additionally, healthcare administration and policymakers should reconsider current neonatal or pregnancy loss bereavement guidelines to improve the inclusivity of fathers.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.