bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond Increasing Sample Sizes: Optimizing Effect Sizes in Neuroimaging Research on Individual Differences
Authors: DeYoung Colin G. , Hilger Kirsten , Hanson Jamie L. , Abend Rany , Allen Timothy A. , Beaty Roger E. , Blain Scott D. , Chavez Robert S. , Engel Stephen A. , Feilong Ma , Fornito Alex , Genç Erhan , Goghari Vina , Grazioplene Rachael G. , Homan Philipp , Joyner Keanan , Kaczkurkin Antonia N. , Latzman Robert D. , Martin Elizabeth A. , Nikolaidis Aki , Pickering Alan D. , Safron Adam , Sassenberg Tyler A. , Servaas Michelle N. , Smillie Luke D. , Spreng R. Nathan , Viding Essi , Wacker Jan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Linking neurobiology to relatively stable individual differences in cognition, emotion, motivation, and behavior can require large sample sizes to yield replicable results. Given the nature of between-person research, sample sizes at least in the hundreds are likely to be necessary in most neuroimaging studies of individual differences, regardless of whether they are investigating the whole brain or more focal hypotheses. However, the appropriate sample size depends on the expected effect size. Therefore, we propose four strategies to increase effect sizes in neuroimaging research, which may help to enable the detection of replicable between-person effects in samples in the hundreds rather than the thousands: (1) theoretical matching between neuroimaging tasks and behavioral constructs of interest; (2) increasing the reliability of both neural and psychological measurement; (3) individualization of measures for each participant; and (4) using multivariate approaches with cross-validation instead of univariate approaches. We discuss challenges associated with these methods and highlight strategies for improvements that will help the field to move toward a more robust and accessible neuroscience of individual differences.
Return to Work, Sport, and Sport- Related Activity After Distal Triceps Tendon Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Johns William L. , Miltenberg Benjamin H. , Baumann Anthony N. , Kermanshahi Nazanin , Muchintala Rahul R. , Cohen Steven B. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Distal triceps tendon injuries are relatively rare injuries, often occurring in highly active patients with physically demanding jobs or lifestyles. Information on return to work, sport, and activity is essential for patient education and counseling after a distal triceps tendon rupture. Purpose: To determine the rates of return to work, sport, and sport-related activity after distal triceps tendon repair. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were queried from the earliest record through January 12, 2024. Articles were included if they examined return to various activities (exercise, sport, work, or military duty) after distal triceps tendon repair. Data on return to sport/work/activity were collected as well as information on patient satisfaction, pre-existing medical history or medication use (ie, anabolic steroids or corticosteroids), and complications. Article quality was assessed via the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) scale. Results: Of 164 articles initially retrieved, 10 retrospective studies were included. Patients (n = 318; 74.2% male, 25.8% female) who underwent distal triceps tendon repair had a mean age of 44.7 ± 5.5 years with a mean follow-up time of 52.6 ± 21.4 months. After distal triceps tendon repair, 93.3% of patients (112/120) returned to sport, 95.3% (81/85) returned to military duty, and 92.6% (100/108) returned to work. Of the studies that evaluated satisfaction, the majority of patients reported high satisfaction after surgery. The overall complication rate (ranging from persistent pain and wound complications to nerve injuries and reruptures) after distal triceps tendon repair was 18.0%, the rerupture rate (complete and partial) was 7.2%, and the reoperation rate was 3.9%, with all partial reruptures undergoing nonoperative care. Conclusion: A distal triceps tendon rupture is a rare but potentially challenging injury, traditionally occurring in an active population, and often requires surgical repair. Importantly, >90% of an active-duty military population, athletes, and the general workforce was able to return to sport or their respective activity after surgery. Furthermore, there was high patient satisfaction and low rates of complications and reoperations after distal triceps tendon repair.
AM1241 inhibits chondrocyte inflammation and ECM degradation through the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways and alleviates osteoarthritis in mice
Authors: Zou Zhuan , Pan Songmu , Sun Changzheng , Wei Jiyong , Xu Yi , Xiao Kaizhen , Zhao Jinmin , Gu Ronghe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the impact of AM1241 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chondrocyte inflammation in mice and its potential mechanism for improving osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods
The OA mice model was established employing the refined Hulth method. The impact of different concentrations of AM1241 on mice chondrocyte activity was detected using CCK-8. Changes in the levels of LPS-induced inflammatory factors and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocytes were determined by western blot, RT-qPCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence assays, respectively. The specific action modes and binding sites of AM1241 with NEMO/IκB kinases (IKKs) in the NF-κB pathway and Keap1 protein in the Nrf2 pathway were predicted via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, and the NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways were detected using western blot and immunofluorescence. In vivo, the impact of AM1241 on OA mice was analyzed through safranin-fast green staining, IHC staining, Mankin score, and microCT.

Results
AM1241 inhibited the levels of LPS-induced transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS-5) and diminished the degradation of type II collagen and Aggrecan. For the mechanism, AM1241 regulated the NF-kB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways by binding to NEMO/IKKβ and Keap1 target proteins and suppressed the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by activating the Nrf2 in chondrocytes. In vivo, AM1241 inhibited bone anabolism, mitigated articular cartilage hyperplasia and wear, and reduced the Mankin score in mice, thereby hindering the development of OA.

Conclusion
AM1241 inhibited activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway via activating Nrf2. It suppressed the expression of inflammation factors and the degradation of ECM in vitro, and improved OA in mice in vivo, suggesting its potential as an effective drug candidate for the treatment of OA. The remarkable efficacy of AM1241 in alleviating murine OA positions it as a potential therapeutic strategy in the clinical management of OA diseases.
The prevalence of frailty among older adults with maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic
Authors: Li Juanjuan , Xiao Wenyi , Wang Lijuan , Zhang Miao , Ge Yurong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the epidemiological data on the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in individuals aged 60 years or older on MHD patients.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, WanFang, CBM, and VIP were searched from inception to February 2023 using combinations of subject words and free words. The methodological quality of all the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal of Epidemiological Studies Checklist and Newcastle‒Ottawa Cohort Quality Assessment Scale. Random effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates from different studies. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity.

Results
Of the 4,190 documents retrieved, 16 observational studies involving 2,446 participants from 8 countries were included in this systematic review. Among older adults receiving MHD, the overall prevalence of frailty and prefrailty was 41% (95% CI = 34–49%) and 37% (95% CI = 26–48%), respectively, with considerable heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence of frailty was greater among individuals aged > 70 years (45%) than among those aged ≤ 70 years (37%). However, subgroup analyses indicated that the confidence intervals for the age group overlap substantially.

Conclusion
Our research showed that the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in older patients with MHD are high.

Trial registration
The PROSPERO registration number for this study was CRD42023442569.
Prognostic role of the pathological status following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Duan Xiaofeng , Yue Jie , Wang Shangren , Zhao Fangdong , Zhang Wencheng , Qie Shuo , Jiang Hongjing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
In this study, we retrospectively examined the prognostic significance of the pathological status of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and surgery.

Methods
Data of patients with cT2-4aN0-3 stage ESCC who underwent NCRT and esophagectomy during 2014–2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Survival differences were compared according to revised TN (rTN) stage (ypT0N0, ypT + N0, ypT0N+, and ypT + N+) using univariate and Cox regression analyses.

Results
Of the 136 patients (59.1 ± 7.2 y) included in this study, 123 (90.4%) were males. There were 39 (28.7%) patients with ypT0N0 disease, 49 (36.0%) ypT + N0, 11 (8.1%) ypT0N+, and 37 (27.2%) ypT + N+. Additionally, 126 patients had a median follow-up period of 30 (1–90) months. The 5-year overall survival was 81.6% in ypT0N0 group, 53.1% for ypT + N0, 50.0% for ypT0N+, and 18.6% for ypT + N+ (p < 0.001) and 5-year disease-free survival was 70.1% for ypT0N0, 39.7% for ypT + N0, 33.3% for ypT0N+, and 18.4% for ypT + N+ (p < 0.001). The ypT + N0 and ypT0N + groups showed no significant differences in survival (p > 0.05). In Cox regression analysis, ypT stage and rTN stage showed an independent association with OS (p = 0.026 and 0.001, respectively). During the follow-up period, 69 (54.8%) patients developed recurrence, with ypT0N0 patients experiencing fewer local and distant recurrences compared to other groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
In ESCC patients, the ypT0N0 status after NCRT predicts prolonged survival, but this reduces significantly when nodal metastases or residual primary lesions are present.
Metabolic studies of Ogataea polymorpha using nine different corn steep liquors
Authors: Wahjudi Sekar Mayang W. , Engel Dominik , Büchs Jochen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
In the fermentation industry, the demand to replace expensive complex media components is increasing for alternative nutrient sources derived from waste or side streams, such as corn steep liquor (CSL). However, the use of CSL is associated with common problems of side products, such as batch-to-batch variations and compositional inconsistencies. In this study, to detect batch-to-batch variations in CSL for Ogataea polymorpha cultivations, a “fingerprinting” system was developed by employing the Respiration Activity Monitoring System designed for shake flasks (RAMOS) and 96-well microtiter plates (µTOM).

Results
At 2.5 g d.s./L CSL and 5 g/L glucose, a limitation by a secondary substrate, other than the carbon source, was observed. For this specific CSL medium, this limitation was caused by ammonium nitrogen and could be removed through targeted supplementation of ammonium sulphate. Under ammonium nitrogen limitation, O. polymorpha showed a change in morphology and developed a different cell size distribution. Increasing CSL storage times impaired O. polymorpha cultivation results. It was speculated that this observation is caused by micronutrient precipitation as sulfide salts. Through targeted nutrient supplementation, these limiting microelements were identified to be copper, iron and zinc.

Conclusions
This study shows the versatility of CSL as an alternative nutrient source for O. polymorpha cultivations. “Fingerprinting” of CSL batches allows for early screening. Fermentation inconsistencies can be eliminated by selecting the better performing CSL batches or by supplementing and improving an inferior CSL prior to large-scale productions.
Enhancing work environments and reducing turnover intention: a multicenter longitudinal cohort study on differentiated nursing practices in Dutch hospitals
Authors: van Kraaij Julia , de Vries Neeltje , Wessel Hanna , Vermeulen Hester , van Oostveen Catharina ,   RN2Blend Consortium, Schoonhoven Lisette , Stalpers Dewi , Lalleman Pieterbas , Martini Dieke , Schalkwijk Hugo , Spits Jet , Bal Roland , Goossens Lucas , Wallenburg Iris , Felder Martijn , Kuijper Syb , Miedema Nienke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Addressing the growing challenge of nurse retention requires coordinated actions at national and global levels to improve recruitment, retention policies, and investments in the nursing work environment. The nursing work environment, defined as the "organizational characteristics of a work setting that facilitate or constrain professional nursing practice", is critical in influencing whether nurses decide to leave their jobs. This study investigates the impact of differentiated nursing practices – which involved tailoring roles and responsibilities based on nurses’ training, skills, and experience in Dutch hospitals – and investigated their impact on the nursing work environment and turnover intention (i.e., nurses’ intentions to leave their organization). We also explored whether the work environment mediates this relationship.

Methods
A multicenter longitudinal cohort study was conducted across 19 Dutch hospitals between 2019 and 2023. Nursing professionals participated via digital surveys administered before (T0) and after (T1) differentiated nursing practices were introduced. The nursing work environment was assessed using the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index. A multilevel analysis with a random intercept and fixed slope was used to evaluate the impact of differentiated nursing practices on the work environment and on nurses' turnover intentions.

Results
We received 5411 responses to our questionnaire – 4259 at T0 and 1152 at T1. Results showed that, while the overall work environment improved, particularly in the dimensions of staffing and resource adequacy, collegial nurse–physician relationships, and participation in hospital affairs, there were no significant improvements in nursing foundation for quality of care or nurse managers' ability, leadership, and support of nurses. Additionally, differentiated nursing practices did not significantly impact turnover intention, nor did the work environment mediate this relationship.

Conclusions
This study is the first to explore the unique effects of practice differentiation on turnover intention mediated by the work environment. The findings suggest that, while differentiated practices can enhance certain aspects of the work environment, a more systemic and integrated approach is required for sustained improvements. Future research should include longer term studies to fully understand the complex relationship and accompanying mechanisms between differentiated nursing practices, the nursing work environment, and turnover intention.

Trial registration
Clinical trial number not applicable.
Immobilization of Paenibacillus polymyxa with biopolymers to enhance the production of 2,3-butanediol
Authors: Joshi Jnanada , Langwald Sarah Vanessa , Kruse Olaf , Patel Anant 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Paenibacillus polymyxa, is a Gram-positive, plant growth promoting bacterium, known for producing 98% optically pure 2,3-butanediol, an industrially valuable chemical for solvents, plasticizers and resins. Immobilization of Paenibacillus polymyxa has been proposed to improve the cell stability and efficiency of the fermentation process, reduce contamination and provide easy separation of butanediol in the culture broth as compared to conventional bioprocesses. This research aimed to explore the potential of Paenibacillus polymyxa with immobilization technique to produce 2,3-butanediol.

Results
We investigated different immobilization methods with natural biopolymers like alginate, chitosan and carrageenan-chitosan-based immobilization. These methods were further investigated for their immobilization efficiency and yield in 2,3-butanediol production. Carrageenan-chitosan beads enabled a higher cell concentration and demonstrated superior cell retention to calcium-alginate-chitosan beads. Carrageenan-chitosan immobilization preserved 2,3-butanediol production in bacteria and increased the product formation rate.

Conclusion
Carrageenan-chitosan immobilization enables non-pathogenic Paenibacillus polymyxa to be a capable 2,3-butanediol producer with increased product formation rate, which has not been previously reported. This novel strategy offers promising alternative to traditional fermentation processes using pathogenic strains and can be further applied in co-cultivations for metabolite production, wastewater management and bioremediation.
Mind the G(ap): bridging prevention needs and approaches for GHB/GBL users and their social environment
Authors: Bendau Antonia , Roediger Lukas , Piest Andrea , Schmolke Rüdiger , Ahrend Katharin , Petzold Moritz Bruno , Michnevich Twyla , Betzler Felix 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and its precursors gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and 1,4-butanediol (BD) have become a significant concern due to the increase in their recreational use and the high risks associated with it (e.g., overdose, addiction, life-threatening withdrawal syndromes). However, targeted prevention and treatment strategies are lacking, and little is known about the specific needs of users regarding supportive approaches.

Methods
To address this gap, a mixed-methods longitudinal study was conducted with two waves of online data collection (11/2022–01/2023; 11/2023–01/2024) in Germany. The adult convenience sample (N = 2,196, with n = 240 participating in the follow-up) was mostly connected to Berlin’s nightlife scene and included GHB/GBL/BD users and their (non-user) social environment. Perceptions and needs regarding prevention and harm-reduction, reasons and measures of decreasing use, and the impact of GHB/GBL/BD use were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results
Education, harm reduction strategies, and specialized support options were welcomed by users and non-users, while restrictive approaches were viewed negatively, particularly by heavy users. Many participants expressed a desire to reduce GHB/GBL/BD use, driven primarily by health concerns, immediate use risks, and addiction, but only few participants had previously accessed preventive/therapeutic services. The follow-up showed little change in perceptions and experiences over time.

Conclusions
The findings underscore the need for comprehensive and integrative prevention and treatment strategies for GHB/GBL/BD use, with harm reduction approaches prioritized over restrictions. They provide a crucial foundation for future research and interventions and emphasize the necessity of adequately addressing the growing issues related to GHB/GBL/BD use.

Trial registration
The study protocol was pre-registered with the German registry for clinical studies (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien; drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00030608) on October 28, 2022.
Combined effects of reflexology massage and respiratory relaxation on pain following chest tube removal in heart surgery patients
Authors: Bahramian Zainab , Kazemi Majid , Vazirinejad Reza , Hasani Hadi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background and aim
Removing the chest tube in cardiac patients after surgery is one of the worst experiences of hospitalization in the intensive care units. Various pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are available to control pain in these patients. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of reflexology massage and respiratory relaxation on pain following chest tube removal in cardiac surgery patients of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, in 2023.

Methods
This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial performed on 140 patients who underwent heart surgery and had a chest tube in Shiraz, Iran. The samples were randomly divided into four groups: 1- control group, 2- respiratory relaxation group, 3- foot reflex massage group, and 4- a combination of respiratory relaxation and reflexology massage. To collect data, two demographic questionnaires, and a visual analog scale were used.

Results
The participants of the four groups were not meaningfully different in terms of age, BMI, duration of surgical operation, gender, job, education, place of residency, number of chest tubes, history of operation (P = 0.99, 0.31, 0.06, 0.81, 0.97, 0.96, 0.17, 0.10, 0.89 respectively). The mean scores of pain intensity during chest tube removal, and 15 min after chest tube removal were not statistically different among the four groups of study (P = 0.15, 0.54 respectively); However, just after chest tube removal, the mean scores of pain intensity differed meaningfully among four groups (P = 0.008).

Conclusion
The results showed that reflexology massage and respiratory relaxation both reduce pain immediately after chest tube removal in heart surgery patients. Also, the combination of these two techniques was more effective in reducing patients’ average pain.
Application of deep learning model based on unenhanced chest CT for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Chengbin , Wu Dengying , Wang Bingzhang , Hong Chenxuan , Hu Jiasen , Yan Zijian , Chen Jianpeng , Jin Yaping , Zhang Yingze 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
A large number of middle-aged and elderly patients have an insufficient understanding of osteoporosis and its harm. This study aimed to establish and validate a convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on unenhanced chest computed tomography (CT) images of the vertebral body and skeletal muscle for opportunistic screening in patients with osteoporosis.

Materials and methods
Our team retrospectively collected clinical information from participants who underwent unenhanced chest CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examinations between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, at four hospitals. These participants were divided into a training set (n = 581), an external test set 1 (n = 229), an external test set 2 (n = 198) and an external test set 3 (n = 118). Five CNN models were constructed based on chest CT images to screen patients with osteoporosis and compared with the SMI model to predict the performance of osteoporosis patients.

Results
All CNN models have good performance in predicting osteoporosis patients. The average F1 score of Densenet121 in the three external test sets was 0.865. The area under the curve (AUC) of Desenet121 in external test set 1, external test set 2, and external test set 3 were 0.827, 0.859, and 0.865, respectively. Furthermore, the Densenet121 model demonstrated a notably superior performance compared to the SMI model in predicting osteoporosis patients.

Conclusions
The CNN model based on unenhanced chest CT vertebral and skeletal muscle images can opportunistically screen patients with osteoporosis. Clinicians can use the CNN model to intervene in patients with osteoporosis and promptly avoid fragility fractures.

Critical relevance statement
The CNN model based on unenhanced chest CT vertebral and skeletal muscle images can opportunistically screen patients with osteoporosis. Clinicians can use the CNN model to intervene in patients with osteoporosis and promptly avoid fragility fractures.

Key Points

The application of unenhanced chest CT is increasing.

Most people do not consciously use DXA to screen themselves for osteoporosis.

A deep learning model was constructed based on CT images from four institutions.

Graphical Abstract