bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does tropospheric VOC chemistry affect climate? An investigation of preindustrial control simulations using the Community Earth System Model version 2
Authors: Stanton Noah A. , Tandon Neil F. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Because of their computational expense, models with comprehensive tropospheric chemistry have typically been run with prescribed sea surface temperatures (SSTs), which greatly limits the model's ability to generate climate responses to atmospheric forcings. In the past few years, however, several fully coupled models with comprehensive tropospheric chemistry have been developed. For example, the Community Earth System Model version 2 with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 6 as its atmospheric component (CESM2-WACCM6) has implemented fully interactive tropospheric chemistry with 231 chemical species as well as a fully coupled ocean. Earlier versions of this model used a “SOAG scheme” that prescribes bulk emission of a single gas-phase precursor to secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). In contrast, CESM2-WACCM6 simulates the chemistry of a comprehensive range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) responsible for tropospheric aerosol formation. Such a model offers an opportunity to examine the full climate effects of comprehensive tropospheric chemistry. To examine these effects, 211-year preindustrial control simulations were performed using the following two configurations: (1) the standard CESM2-WACCM6 configuration with interactive chemistry over the whole atmosphere (WACtl) and (2) a simplified CESM2-WACCM6 configuration using a SOAG scheme in the troposphere and interactive chemistry in the middle atmosphere (MACtl). The middle-atmospheric chemistry is the same in both configurations, and only the tropospheric chemistry differs. Differences between WACtl and MACtl were analyzed for various fields. Regional differences in annual mean surface temperature range from −4 to 4 K. In the zonal average, there is widespread tropospheric cooling in the extratropics. Longwave forcers are shown to be unlikely drivers of this cooling, and possible shortwave forcers are explored. Evidence is presented that the climate response is primarily due to increased sulfate aerosols in the extratropical stratosphere and cloud feedbacks. As found in earlier studies, enhanced internal mixing with SOAs in WACtl causes widespread reductions of black carbon (BC) and primary organic matter (POM), which are not directly influenced by VOC chemistry. These BC and POM reductions might further contribute to cooling in the Northern Hemisphere. The extratropical tropospheric cooling results in dynamical changes, such as equatorward shifts of the midlatitude jets, which in turn drive extratropical changes in clouds and precipitation. In the tropical upper troposphere, cloud-driven increases in shortwave heating appear to weaken and expand the Hadley circulation, which in turn drives changes in tropical and subtropical precipitation. Some of the climate responses are quantitatively large enough in some regions to motivate future investigations of VOC chemistry's possible influences on anthropogenic climate change.
A change in perspective: downhole cosmic-ray neutron sensing for the estimation of soil moisture
Authors: Rasche Daniel , Weimar Jannis , Schrön Martin , Köhli Markus , Morgner Markus , Güntner Andreas , Blume Theresa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Above-ground cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) allows for the non-invasive estimation of the field-scale soil moisture content in the upper
decimetres of the soil. However, large parts of the deeper vadose zone remain outside of its observational window. Retrieving soil moisture
information from these deeper layers requires extrapolation, modelling or other methods, all of which come with methodological challenges. Against
this background, we investigate CRNS for downhole soil moisture measurements in deeper layers of the vadose zone. To render calibration with in situ
soil moisture measurements unnecessary, we rescaled neutron intensities observed below the terrain surface with intensities measured above a waterbody. An experimental set-up with a CRNS sensor deployed at different depths of up to 10 m below the surface in a groundwater observation well
combined with particle transport simulations revealed the response of downhole thermal neutron intensities to changes in the soil moisture content at
the depth of the downhole neutron detector as well as in the layers above it. The simulation results suggest that the sensitive measurement radius
of several decimetres, which depends on soil moisture and soil bulk density, exceeds that of a standard active neutron probe (which is only about
30 cm). We derived transfer functions to estimate downhole neutron signals from soil moisture information, and we describe approaches for
using these transfer functions in an inverse way to derive soil moisture from the observed neutron signals. The in situ neutron and soil moisture
observations confirm the applicability of these functions and prove the concept of passive downhole soil moisture estimation, even at larger depths,
using cosmic-ray neutron sensing.
Nouméa: a new multi-mission calibration and validation site for past and future altimetry missions?
Authors: Chupin Clémence , Ballu Valérie , Testut Laurent , Tranchant Yann-Treden , Aucan Jérôme 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Today, monitoring the evolution of sea level in coastal
areas is of importance, since almost 11 % of the world's population
lives
in low-lying areas. Reducing uncertainties in sea level estimates requires
a
better understanding of both altimetry measurements and local sea level
dynamics. In New Caledonia, the Nouméa lagoon is an example of this
challenge, as altimetry, coastal tide gauge, and vertical land motions
from global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) do not provide consistent
information. The GEOCEAN-NC 2019 field campaign addresses this issue with
deployments of in situ instruments in the lagoon (GNSS buoy,
pressure gauge, etc.),
with a particular focus on the crossover of one Jason-series track and two
Sentinel-3A missions tracks. In this study, we propose a method to
virtually
transfer the Nouméa tide gauge at the altimetry crossover point, using
in situ data
from the field campaign. Following the philosophy of calibration and validation (Cal/Val) studies, we
derive absolute altimeter bias time series over the entire Jason and
Sentinel-3A periods. Overall, our estimated altimeter mean biases are
slightly larger by 1–2 cm compared to Corsica and Bass Strait results,
with
inter-mission biases in line with those of Bass Strait site. Uncertainties
still remain regarding the determination of our vertical datum, only
constrained by the three days of the GNSS buoy deployment. With our method,
we are able to re-analyse about 20 years of altimetry observations and
derive a linear trend of −0.2 ± 0.1 mm yr−1 over the bias time series.
Compared to previous studies, we do not find any significant uplift in the
area, which is more consistent with the observations of inland permanent
GNSS stations. These results support the idea of developing Cal/Val
activities in the lagoon, which is already the subject of several
experiments for the scientific calibration phase of the SWOT wide-swath
altimetry mission.
Penerapan Etika Bisnis Islam Dan Kreativitas Bisnis Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Keuntungan Pengusaha Konfeksi
Authors: Hamid Ahmad Munir , Farihah Itsna 
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh etika bisnis Islam dan kreativitas terhadap keuntungan pengusaha konfeksi secara simultan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 157 pengusaha konfeksi di desa Tritunggal, Babat, Lamongan. Sampel penelitian ditentukan oleh rumus slovin sehingga diperoleh 113 reponden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan 28 item pernyataan yang diukur menggunakan skala likert 1 sampai 5 dan telah diuji validitas dan realibilitas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan analisis regresi linear berganda untuk menjawab hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari uji parsial variabel etika bisnis Islam berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keuntungan pengusaha dengan 3,228 > 1,659 dan nilai signifikan 0,002 < 0,05. Dari variabel kreativitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keuntungan pengusaha menunjukkan 5,421 > 1,659 dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Kemudian, Uji simultan variabel etika bisnis Islam dan kreativitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keuntungan pengusaha konfeksi menujukkan 62,081 > 3,08 dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Hasil R Square sebesar 53,0% menunjukkan pengaruh etika bisnis Islam dan kreativitas terhadap keuntungan pengusaha. Sedangkan 47,0% dipengaruhi variabel lainnya di luar penelitian.
The Determinants of Tax Revenue in the Context of International Transactions in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) Regions 2002-2019
Authors: Nugraha Hendiva Tri , Wijaya Suparna 
Published: August 2023

Tax revenue is one of the backbones of economy in almost every country in the world. There are several determinants that influence the amount of tax revenue in one country, one of which is international transaction activities. Such activities can partly be presented by three variables; Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Trade Openness (TO), and External Debt. This study aims to acknowledge the effects of international transaction experienced by a country regarding its tax revenue. External Debt is used as a moderating variable to the effects of FDI and TO on tax revenue. The data source was taken from the World Bank within the period of 2002-2019 in 19 countries around LAC regions. The study implements an associative quantitative method with PCSE regression. The result showed that FDI affects tax revenue negatively, whereas trade openness and external debt affect tax revenue positively. External debt as a moderating variable strengthens the effect of FDI and weakens the effects of trade openness to tax revenue. Further research is expected to include all the LAC countries, add more variables relevant to the international transactions, and renew the research period.
Retratos falados -
Authors: Zaniboni Ana Luisa 
Published: August 2023

A intenção deste artigo é apresentar o histórico de duas produções comunicacionais concebidas como recursos educativos e mobilizadores voltados à população usuária dos serviços públicos de saúde no estado de São Paulo. As peças aqui retratadas foram desenvolvidas por profissionais da Comunicação a partir de pesquisas acadêmicas e artigos de profissionais da área da Saúde - notadamente gestores, médicos e enfermeiros. Uma vez adaptadas à linguagem cotidiana, assumiram a forma de oficinas de formação e/ou cartilhas educativas. Com este texto, reforçamos o quanto é importante o registro de experiências que se mostram úteis em contextos desafiadores, especialmente porque são faróis que iluminam possibilidades, tratam de soluções passíveis de adaptação ou mesmo reprodução, respondem às demandas de socialização e popularização do conhecimento e, por fim, ressaltam a importância dos enlaces institucionais de natureza multi, inter e transdisciplinar que em muito colaboram para o aperfeiçoamento da práxis na área da Saúde.
Granular Matter in Space
Authors: Sperl Matthias 
Published: August 2023

The investigation of granular matter benefits from experiments in microgravity in several ways and may be categorized into three regimes of increasing density: (1) Granular gases [1] are dilute systems and subject to sedimentation which can be avoided in microgravity. Their agitation by magnetic excitation allows for the study of cooling, velocity distributions and the onset of particle agglomeration.(2) Granular fluids [2] are denser than granular gases and are monitored by scattering techniques. On Earth, granular fluids are anisotropic and inhomogeneous. In microgravity, agitated homogeneous granular fluids can be prepared for densities up to the jamming transition. (3) Granular packings [3] close to the jamming transisionexperience a large pressure gradient on Earth which is absent in microgravity. Hence, sound transmission can be studied at very low confinement. Similarly, microgravityoffers unique opportunities for the rheology on dense granular systems.
“Sowe ye yt together as ye may”: Textile Images as Meditational Stimuli in Fifteenth-Century English Bridgettine Writings
Authors: Pike Anna-Nadine 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
This article aligns St. Bridget of Sweden’s Liber celestis revelacionum with the genre of gospel meditations popularized in late-medieval England by Nicholas Love’s Mirror of the Blessed Life of Jesus Christ. It considers how descriptions of specific fabrics, with textures that would be known intimately by a fifteenth-century reader, engage and stimulate the devout imagination. The article focuses on the role of textiles and textile imagery within the Bridgettine Syon Abbey, arguing for a particular sensitivity to texture within the Bridgettines’ daily experience, which facilitates their embodied relationship with the Virgin Mary. It concludes with a close reading of Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Rawlinson C.41, exploring the interrelation between its fifteenth-century Bridgettine treatises, which emphasize the symbolic and spiritual value of textile imagery within late-medieval Marian devotion.
Fazenda Pública na arbitragem:
Authors: Teixeira Sérgio Torres , Maia Alberto Jonathas 
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo visa abordar aspectos processuais envolvendo a fazenda pública na arbitragem demonstrando a necessidade de interpretações adequadas diante deste fenômeno crescente. Metodologicamente o estudo tem referencial teórico e hipotético, vez que além de doutrina, utilizou-se também a jurisprudência e a legislação. Trata-se de pesquisa que parte da análise geral dos objetos de estudos em questão, quais sejam: fazenda pública, direito constitucional, direito processual civil, direito público e arbitragem. Como fruto da análise, tem-se a conclusão de que, partindo dos pressupostos estudados, muitas das prerrogativas processuais da fazenda pública não são aplicáveis no processo arbitral o que não significa que tal ambiente não possa propiciar aos entes públicas solução adequada para as demandas nas quais está envolvida.
Predicting Factors for Blood Transfusion in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Using a Machine Learning Method
Authors: Cavazos Daniel R. , Sayeed Zain , Court Tannor , Chen Chaoyang , Little Bryan E. , Darwiche Hussein F. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Acute blood loss anemia requiring allogeneic blood transfusion is still a postoperative complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to use machine learning models for the prediction of blood transfusion after primary TKA and to identify contributing factors.

Methods:
A total of 2,093 patients who underwent primary TKA at our institution were evaluated using data extracted from the hospital quality improvement database to identify patient demographics and surgical variables that may be associated with blood transfusion. A multilayer perceptron neural network (MPNN) machine learning algorithm was used to predict risk factors for blood transfusion and factors associated with increased length of stay. Statistical analyses including bivariate correlate analysis, Chi-Square test, and Student t-test were performed for demographic analysis and to determine the correlation between blood transfusion and other variables.

Results:
The results demonstrated important factors associated with transfusion rates, including preoperative hemoglobin level, preoperative creatinine level, length of surgery, simultaneous bilateral surgeries, tranexamic acid usage, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status score, preoperative albumin level, ethanol usage, preoperative anticoagulation medications, age, and TKA type (conventional versus robotic-assisted). Patients who underwent a blood transfusion had a markedly greater length of stay than those who did not. The MPNN machine learning model achieved excellent performance across discrimination (AUC = 0.894).

Discussion:
The MPNN machine learning model showed its power as a statistical analysis tool to predict the ranking of factors for blood transfusion. Traditional statistics are unable to differentiate importance or predict in the same manner as a machine learning model.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated that MPNN for the prediction of patient-specific blood transfusion rates after TKA represented a novel application of machine learning with the potential to improve preoperative planning for treatment outcomes.
UPOREDENJE REZULTATA ODREĐIVANJA PRIRASTA KONTROLNOM METODOM I POMOĆU PRESSLEROVOG SVRDLA
Authors: Vukmirović Vladimir 
Published: August 2023

Ocjena prirasta naših sastojina pri uređajnim radovima vršena je dosada pomoću tablica prirasta koje su izrađene na osnovu rezultata dobivenih ispitivanjima u drugim zemljama. Ove tablice, primijenjene u našim prilikama, davale su nepouzdane rezultate. Izvršena istraživanja o prirastu pokazala su da je stvarni prirast naših sastojina veći od prirasta ocijenjenog pomoću navedenih tablica.
Zbog toga se na teritoriju NR Bosne i Hercegovine u 1953 g. pristupilo na širokoj osnovi ispitivanju i utvrđivanju prirasta, prvenstveno vrsta drveća koje pretstavljaju glavnu sirovinsku bazu drvne industrije NR BiH (jele, smrče i bukve).
Prilikom radova na terenu određivan je debljinski prirast od koga najviše zavisi i veličina zapreminskog prirasta, pomoću priraštajnogsvrdla (P r e s s l e r o v o g svrdla).
Postoji, međutim, mišljenje da se prirast pomoću Presslerovog svrdla ne može tačno odrediti i da je prirast određen pomoću toga svrdla uvijek veći od stvarnog prirasta. Navodi se da su razlog tome mogući slučajevi da se godišnji prirasni plastovi svake godine ne spuste do prsne visine stabla, a zatim što postoji mogućnost da se kod uskih godova prilikom odbrojavanja uzmu dva goda za jedan.
Budući da se u našim šumama i nadalje vrše sistematska ispitivanja utvrđivanja prirasta pomoću Presslerovog svrdla, potstakla su nas navedena tvrđenja o otstupanju stvarnoga prirasta od prirasta određenog pomoću Presslerovog svrdla, da pristupimo upoređenju rezultata određivanja prirasta, dobivenih iz razlike mjerenih prečnika (kontrolnom metodom) i određivanja pomoću Presslerovog svrdla.
Smolarenje crnog bora primjenom sumporne kiseline kao stimulatora
Authors: Terzić Dušan 
Published: August 2023

Dobivanje sirove borove smole smolarenjem živih borovih stabala još se vrši isključivo ljudskom radnom snagom. Do sada nije uspelo da se ljudska radna snaga zameni ili donekle smanji uvođenjem u proces proizvodnje bilo kakve prikladne mehanizacije, kao što je učinjeno u skoro svim ostalim privrednim delatnostima. Primenom tzv. Stimulatora1) u direktnoj proizvodnji smole postignut je veliki napredak u smanjenju troškova proizvodnje te se danas ovaj proizvodni postupak nalazi u centru pažnje proizvođača smole, i to ne samo u okviru istraživačke službe nego i njegove široke praktične primene.
Što su neki proizvođači smole još rezervisani u pogledu obimnije primene stimulatora u praksi, to je zato što još nije dovoljno objašnjeno pitanje uticaja stimulatora na životne funkcije smolarenih stabala, a donekle i zbog nemogućnosti nabavke potrebne opreme uglavnom prskalica za praktičnu primenu stimulatora.Danas je opštepoznata činjenica da su stimulatori jedina mogućnost koja zasada stoji na raspolaganju da pozitivno utičemo na smanjenje troškova proizvodnje smole. Za proizvođače koji vrše smolarenje na manje smolovitim vrstama borova (beli i crni bor) ovo je ođ naročitog značaja. Ovde spada i smolarsko područje Bosne i Hercegovine, pa i čitava Jugoslavija, izuzimajući Dalmaciju sa otocima, gde raste veoma smoloviti alepski bor.Zbog velikog ekonomskog značaja primene stimulatora u proizvodnji smole bilo bi svrsishodno da se analiza rezultata ovog, kao i svih drugih ogleda izvedenih u našoj Republici, izvrši što opsežnije kako bi se ovaj postupak smolarenja osvetlio što svestranije.
O jelinom raku i razmeštaju rakavih guka duž debla
Authors: Momirović Borivoje 
Published: August 2023

U Bosni i Hercegovini se koliko mi je poznato srazmemo vrlo malo radilo na proučavanju bolesti šumskog drveća i šteta koje te bolesti nanose šumskoj privredi. Starija proučavanja bolesti šumskog drveća u Bosni i Hercegovini mogu se svesti jedino na nekoliko izveštajnih radova Fitopalotoškog zavoda Zemaljskog muzeja u Sarajevu. U mnogim područjima Bosne i Hercegovine šume su veoma proređene, a njihovo zdravstveno stanje nije takvo da bismo mogli biti sasvim zadovoljni i spokojni. Razmotri li se sastav šuma u kojima učestvuju jela, smrča i bukva a te šume, kako navodi V. Matić , predstavljaju 55,5% od ukupne obrasle šumske površine Bosne i Hercegovine i činjenica, da su prinosi u drvetu u ostalim šumama relativno mali uočiće se, da jela, s obzirom na svoje učešće, predstavlja vrlo važnu vrstu drveća naših šuma, što se najbolje vidi iz odnosa zaliha pojedinih vrsta drveća koje rastu na navedenih 55,5% obrasle šumske površine Bosne i Hercegovine.
Učešće u ukupnim zalihama drveta ovih šuma sa nešto preko 25%, kao i to da je jela među samim četinarima zastupljena sa 64%, dovoljno ukazuju na njenu važnost za našu šumsku privredu i potrebu proučavanja uticaja koji na njoj mogu izvršiti različite bolesti. S gledišta biologije uzročnika, jeiin rak je dovoljno poznata i izvan naše zemlje dobro proučena bolest jelinih šuma. Kako se ova bolest prilično često susreće u našim sastojinama jele, smatram potrebnim, da na osnovu najvažnijih radova iz opsežne literature nešto opširnije izložim pregled istraživanja uzročnika pojave rakavih guka na jelinom deblu.
Iz fenoloških istraživanja na „Igmanu“
Authors: Alikalfić Fazlija 
Published: August 2023

Sigurno je da ni najsavršeniji aparati koje poznamo nisu u stanju da registruju sintetizirane uticaje istovremenog i kompleksnog djelovanja niza ekoloških faktora odredjenog staništa na biljku, kao što je to u stanju sama biljka. To je odavno poznato činjenica i to je razlog što su pojedine životne manifestacije biljaka, koje su očigledne (npr. pupanje, listanje, opadanje listova, pojava i sazrijevanje plodova itd.), postale predmet sistematskih i dugoročnih osmatranja u nastojanju da se naučnom metodom postignu rezultati i utvrdjene zakonitosti praktično iskoriste. Na toj osnovi se formirala i razvijala fenologija kao nauka i praksa.
Fenologija ima različitu tradiciju u pojedinim zemljama. Neke zemlje bilježe početke fenologije vrlo davno (u ČSSR druga polovina XVII stoljeća (8). Poznati su periodi u kojima je fenoiogija u pojedinim zemljama doživljavala nagle uspone, zatim bila nepriznata, pa opet doživjela svoju punu afirmaciju. Danas je neosporno da su principi i metodi istraživanja ove nauke široko prihvaćeni u cijelom svijetu i da rezultati tih istraživanja nalaze sve širu primjenu ne samo u poljoprivredi (što je ranije bio najčešći slučaj) nego isto tako i u šumarstvu.