bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of underdamping on the maximum rate of the radial pressure rise during systole (dP/dtMAX)
Authors: Michard Frederic , Foti Lorenzo , Villa Gianluca , Ricci Zaccaria , Romagnoli Stefano 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In patients with a radial arterial catheter, underdamping of the pressure signal is common and responsible for an overestimation of systolic arterial pressure (SAP). The maximum rate of the arterial pressure rise during systole (dP/dtMAX) has been proposed to assess left ventricular systolic function. The impact of underdamping on dP/dtMAX is likely but has never been quantified.

Methods
We analyzed data from 70 critically ill patients monitored with a radial catheter in whom underdamping of the arterial pressure waveform was confirmed by the Gardner’s method. Invasive SAP and dP/dtMAX were recorded at baseline and after the correction of underdamping with a resonance filter.

Results
With resonance filtering, SAP decreased from 159 ± 25 to 139 ± 22 mmHg (p < 0.001) and dP/dtMAX from 2.0 ± 0.6 to 1.1 ± 0.3 mmHg/ms (p < 0.001). The underdamping-induced overestimation of SAP (delta-SAP) ranged from 6 to 41 mmHg (mean 21 ± 9 mmHg or + 15%) and the overestimation of dP/dtMAX (delta-dP/dtMAX) ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 mmHg/ms (mean 0.9 ± 0.4 mmHg/ms or + 84%). A significant linear relationship (p < 0.001, r = 0.6) was observed between delta-SAP and delta-dP/dtMAX such that the higher was delta-SAP, the higher was delta-dP/dtMAX.

Conclusions
Radial arterial pressure underdamping has a major impact on dP/dtMAX. In case of underdamping, the overestimation of dP/dtMAX is > fivefold higher than SAP overestimation. Therefore, caution should be exercised before using radial dP/dtMAX as a marker of left ventricular systolic function.

Trial registration
Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on December 22, 2021 (NCT05166993).

Graphical Abstract
Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität von Tabakraucher:innen in der hausärztlichen Versorgung: Zusammenhänge mit soziodemografischen Merkmalen, Rauchverhalten und Rauchstopp
Authors: Pashutina Yekaterina , Kastaun Sabrina , Majstorović Kiara , Reddemann Olaf , Wilm Stefan , Kotz Daniel 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Tabakrauchen geht mit einer Verschlechterung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (gLQ) einher. Tabakentwöhnung kann die gLQ deutlich verbessern. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, Zusammenhänge zwischen soziodemografischen Merkmalen, Rauchverhalten, Rauchstopp und gLQ bei Tabakraucher:innen in der hausärztlichen Versorgung in Deutschland zu untersuchen.

Methoden
Datenbasis für die vorliegende Beobachtungsstudie war eine pragmatische cluster-randomisierte kontrollierte Interventionsstudie mit 3 Nachbefragungen (in Woche 4, 12 und 26) durchgeführt zwischen 06/2017 und 02/2020 in 52 Hausarztpraxen in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Analysiert wurden Daten von täglich oder gelegentlich tabakrauchenden Patient:innen ab 18 Jahren. Bei einer persönlich-mündlichen Erstbefragung wurden Alter, Geschlecht, Bildungsniveau, Tabakkonsummenge, Rauchverlangen und gLQ erfasst. Bei einer schriftlichen 26-Wochen-Nachbefragung wurden ein möglicher Rauchstopp in den letzten 6 Monaten sowie erneut die gLQ erfasst. Zusammenhänge wurden mithilfe multivariabler linearer Regressionen analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt nahmen 1793 Patient:innen an der Erstbefragung und 518 an der Nachbefragung teil. Das Alter, ein niedriges im Vergleich zu einem hohen Bildungsniveau und die Stärke des Rauchverlangens zeigten einen negativen Zusammenhang mit der gLQ, während das männliche Geschlecht positiv mit der gLQ zusammenhing. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen einem Rauchstopp und einer Veränderung der gLQ ließ sich in der vorliegenden Arbeit nicht nachweisen.

Diskussion
Neben soziodemografischen Merkmalen hängt auch die Stärke des Rauchverlangens eng mit der gLQ zusammen. Dies sollte bei Präventions- und Behandlungsmaßnahmen für rauchende Patient:innen in der hausärztlichen Versorgung berücksichtigt werden.
Research progress on the functional study of host resistance-related genes against Heterodera glycines
Authors: He Long , Ghani Nabi Noor Ul , Chen Luying , Liu Qiannan , Zheng Jingwu , Han Shaojie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSoybean (Glycine maxL.), a crucial crop that provides essential nutrition, is experiencing increasing demand to meet protein and oil requirements. However, the menace of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) disease, caused byHeterodera glycines, poses a substantial threat globally, resulting in significant annual economic losses. While cultivating resistant varieties is an eco-friendly approach to control SCN, the excessive use of a single variety triggers ongoing evolution of SCN races, jeopardizing the soybean industry's stability. Leveraging advanced technologies, research on soybean SCN resistance mechanisms has progressed significantly across genetics, transcriptomics, and protein functions. This review consolidates insights into major resistance loci (rhg1andRhg4), elucidating their connections with vesicle transport and plant hormone signaling pathways. It also discusses the role of key functional proteins in soybean resistance and addresses potential research issues. This study explores superior soybean resistance genes, laying a foundation for creating new SCN-resistant germplasms, thereby ensuring the sustainable growth of the global soybean industry.
Second language speech comprehensibility: A research agenda
Authors: Crowther Dustin , Isbell Daniel R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Interest in second language (L2) speech comprehensibility, or listeners’ perceived ease or difficulty of understanding a given utterance, has seen continual growth since Munro and Derwing's (1995) seminal publication in Language Learning. While recognizing the body of knowledge that has developed in the 25 plus years since Munro and Derwing's study, in the present paper we look to the future as we consider what an active and informative research agenda might look like for the next 10–15 years. In this regard, we propose four primary areas of future research, including a need to: (1) extend inquiry beyond a primary focus on L2 English speech, (2) explore comprehensibility more thoroughly as a social construct, (3) investigate the effects of more targeted task manipulations, and (4) delve deeper into the effects of comprehensibility-oriented instruction. We additionally discuss the need for more replication in L2 comprehensibility research while also promoting several scholarly disciplines we feel can greatly inform future research, such as task-based literature.
A review of robotic grasp detection technology
Authors: Dong Minglun , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn order to complete many complex operations and attain more general-purpose utility, robotic grasp is a necessary skill to master. As the most common essential action of robots in factory and daily life environments, robotic autonomous grasping has a wide range of application prospects and has received much attention from researchers in the past decade. However, the accurate grasp of arbitrary objects in unstructured environments is still a research challenge that has not yet been completely overcome. A complete robotic grasp system usually involves three aspects: grasp detection, grasp planning, and control subsystem. As the first step, identifying the location of the object and generating the grasp pose is the premise of successful grasp, which is conducive to planning the subsequent grasp path and the realization of the entire grasp action. Therefore, this paper conducts a literature review focusing on grasp detection technology and concludes two significant aspects: the analytic and data-driven methods. According to the previous grasp experience of the target object, this paper divides the data-driven methods into the grasp of known and unknown objects. Then it describes in detail the typical grasp detection methods and related characteristics of each classification in the grasp of unknown objects. Finally, current research status and potential research directions in this field are discussed to provide some reference for related research.
Applying geostatistical hotspot analyses to a ‘double-invaded’ plant–pest co-occurrence scenario
Authors: De Simone Walter , Iannella Mattia , D’Alessandro Paola , Biondi Maurizio 
Published: September 2023

SummaryInvasive alien species represent a multifaceted management problem in terms of threats to biodiversity and ecosystems and their impacts on agriculture and human well-being. Ambrosia artemisiifolia is an invasive alien plant in Europe that affects the human population as its already highly allergenic pollen can interact with air pollutants, resulting in detrimental effects on health. In this context, the invasive beetle Ophraella communa was proposed as a biocontrol agent of A. artemisiifolia, as it feeds on its leaves, leading to a decrease in pollen production. This paper takes advantage of the different co-occurrence classes obtained by the ecological niche models inferred for both of these species based on current and future climatic conditions. We integrate them with spatial data regarding major air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter). We couple this information with European human population density data at a narrow territorial scale to infer current and future statistically significant hotspots of health risk. The Netherlands and the UK host the widest hotspots within their national territory for both current (7.09% and 3.54%, respectively) and future (15.04% and 6.70%, respectively) scenarios. Considering the alarming results obtained for some areas, the monitoring and biocontrol of A. artemisiifolia should be applied as a European strategy.
Federalism for Bioethics?
Authors: Francis Leslie , Francis John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the wake of the Dobbs decision withdrawing federal constitutional protection for reproductive rights, the United States is in the throes of federalist conflicts. Some states are enacting draconian prohibitions of abortion or gender-affirming care, whereas other states are attempting to shield providers and their patients seeking care. This article explores standard arguments supporting federalism, including that it allows for cultural differences to remain along with a structure that provides for the advantages of common security and commerce, that it provides a laboratory for confined experiments, that it is government closer to the people and thus more informed about local needs and preferences, and that it creates layers of government that can constrain one another and thus doubly protect rights. We contend that these arguments do not justify significant differences among states with respect to the recognition of important aspects of well-being; significant injustices among subnational units cannot be justified by federalism. However, as nonideal theorists, we also observe that federalism presents the possibility of some states protecting rights that others do not. Assuming that movement among subnational units is protected, those who are fortunate enough to be able to travel will be able to access rights they cannot access at home. Nonetheless, movement may not be readily available to minors, people without documentation, people with disabilities, people who lack economic resources, or people who have responsibilities that preclude travel. Only rights protection at the federal level will suffice in such cases.
Fecal Pellet‐Like Gyrodinium Species in Sinking Particles: Newly Found Potential Contributors for Carbon Export in the Antarctic Seasonal Ice Zone
Authors: Matsuda R. , Makabe R. , Sano M. , Takao S. , Moteki M. , Kurosawa N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFecal pellets (FPs) are generated by various species and have gained attention as contributors to the biological carbon pump. Metazoans and protozoans are known as FP and minipellet‐producers, respectively. Herein, we discovered fecal pellet‐like dinoflagellates (FLDs) in the seasonal sea ice zone in the Southern Ocean. The size and form of these FLDs were similar to those of zooplankton oval FPs. However, due to their appearance, they have been misclassified as FPs rather than dinoflagellates, leading to potential oversight of their role in the carbon cycle. Thus, we aimed to identify FLD cells at the species level and examine the impact of FLDs on flux estimation of particulate organic carbon (POC). Our findings are as follows: first, FLD cells were identified as Gyrodinium rubrum and Gyrodinium heterogrammum through 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Second, FLDs can potentially excrete larger FPs than minipellets. Third, the sinking rate of FLDs is higher than that of other protozoa and dinoflagellate cysts. Finally, a maximum of 12 mgC m−2 day−1 of the POC flux can be attributed to FLDs (representing 32% of POC flux). These results suggest that FLDs are important drivers not only for the microbial loop but also for the biological carbon pump. In future projections of carbon sequestration, the contribution of metazoans to carbon export must be considered, but not that of FLDs. Their unknown physiological and ecological characteristics, especially including the responses to climate changes, must be urgently investigated for future projections of carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean.
Rheology Dependent on the Distance to the Propagating Thrust Tip—(Ultra‐)Mylonites and Pseudotachylytes of the Silvretta Basal Thrust
Authors: Brückner Lisa M. , Trepmann Claudia A. , Kaliwoda Melanie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo evaluate how the presence of pseudotachylytes affects the strength of crustal rocks, deformed pseudotachylytes and their relationship with pristine pseudotachylytes at the base of the Silvretta nappe are analyzed. Pseudotachylytes formed associated with high‐stress crystal plasticity (σd > 400 MPa), as indicated by twinned amphiboles in gneisses. Mylonitic quartz clasts enclosed within deformed pseudotachylytes and mylonitic vein‐quartz, hosting folded pseudotachylyte injection veins, reflect creep at lower stresses (ca. 100 MPa) after seismic rupturing. Deformed pseudotachylytes can be crosscut by pristine pseudotachylytes, indicating a second, independent stage of coseismic rupturing after creep. The evidence of dynamic dislocation creep of quartz and the presence of stilpnomelane and epidote associated with all fault rocks indicate similar ambient greenschist facies conditions during all deformation stages. Whereas the intermediate stage of creep is interpreted to represent deformation at large distance to the propagating thrust tip, the pristine pseudotachylytes represent the last stage of rupturing eventually leading to nappe decoupling from its basement. Gneiss clasts in an ultramylonitic matrix (i.e., deformed pseudotachylyte) reveal that pseudotachylytes have a lower strength during creep in relation to the hosting gneisses. In contrast, during coseismic high‐stress crystal plasticity, the coarse gneisses accumulate a higher amount of strain. This strength‐relationship explains that only those rocks rupture, which have not been previously deformed before. The study demonstrates the importance of different strengths of crustal rocks at specific stress‐ and strain‐rate conditions in dependence on the distance to the propagating fault tip.
Zwitterion-doped liquid crystal speckle reducers for immersive displays and vectorial imaging
Authors: Jin Yihan , Spiller Nathan P. , He Chao , Faulkner Grahame , Booth Martin J. , Elston Steve J. , Morris Stephen M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLasers possess many attractive features (e.g., high brightness, narrow linewidth, well-defined polarization) that make them the ideal illumination source for many different scientific and technological endeavors relating to imaging and the display of high-resolution information. However, their high-level of coherence can result in the formation of noise, referred to as speckle, that can corrupt and degrade images. Here, we demonstrate a new electro-optic technology for combatting laser speckle using a chiral nematic liquid crystal (LC) dispersed with zwitterionic dopants. Results are presented that demonstrate when driven at the optimum electric field conditions, the speckle noise can be reduced by >90% resulting in speckle contrast (C) values ofC = 0.07, which is approaching that required to be imperceptible to the human eye. This LC technology is then showcased in an array of different display and imaging applications, including a demonstration of speckle reduction in modern vectorial laser-based imaging.
δ-Tocotrienol preconditioning improves the capability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in promoting wound healing by inhibiting BACH1-related ferroptosis
Authors: He Xiao , Wang Dawei , Yi Yi , Tan Yufang , Wu Min , Wang Haiping , Hu Weijie , Chen Hongbo , Zhang Qi , Wu Yiping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWound healing is a complex physiological process for maintaining skin integrity after a wound. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are excellent cellular candidates for wound healing, which could be enhanced by exogenous stimulation. We aimed to explore the role of δ-Tocotrienol (δ-TT) in BMSC ability of wound healing. Firstly, transcriptome and single-cell analysis were used to explore the genes and pathways related to ferroptosis in wound tissues. In vitro, cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of δ-TT-BMSCs were detected. In addition, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence (IF) were applied for observing the promoting wound healing ability of δ-TT-BMSC conditioned medium (CM) on NIH-3T3 and PAM-212 cells. The level of ferroptosis was determined by the mitochondrial membrane potential and total/lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells and the morphological changes of mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscope. The BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) expression and activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were detected by IF and western blot (WB). The effect of δ-TT-BMSCs on wound healing was observed in vivo. The regulatory mechanism of δ-TT-BMSCs on ferroptosis was verified by IHC and IF staining. In vitro, δ-TT-BMSCs declined the level of lipid ROS in NIH-3T3 and PAM-212 cells and enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential. In vivo, δ-TT-BMSCs promoted wound healing in mice by decreasing ferroptosis. In terms of mechanism, δ-TT-BMSCs inhibited the expression of BACH1 and activated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study demonstrated the ability of δ-TT-BMSCs to promote wound healing by inhibiting BACH1-related ferroptosis. In addition, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was activated by δ-TT-BMSCs and could be involved in wound healing. δ-TT-BMSCs might be a promising strategy for treating wounds.
Free-standing 2D gallium nitride for electronic, excitonic, spintronic, piezoelectric, thermoplastic, and 6G wireless communication applications
Authors: Sahu Tumesh Kumar , Sahu Saroj Pratap , Hembram K. P. S. S. , Lee Jae-Kap , Biju Vasudevanpillai , Kumar Prashant 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTwo-dimensional gallium nitride (2D GaN) with a large direct bandgap of ~5.3 eV, a high melting temperature of ~2500 °C, and a large Young’s modulus ~20 GPa developed for miniaturized interactive electronic gadgets can function at high thermal and mechanical loading conditions. Having various electronic, optoelectronic, spintronic, energy storage devices and sensors in perspective and the robust nature of 2D GaN, it is highly imperative to explore new pathways for its synthesis. Moreover, free-standing sheets will be desirable for large-area applications. We report our discovery of the synthesis of free-standing 2D GaN atomic sheets employing sonochemical exfoliation and the modified Hummers method. Exfoliated 2D GaN atomic sheets exhibit hexagonal and striped phases with microscale lateral dimensions and excellent chemical phase purity, confirmed by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 2D GaN is highly stable, as confirmed by TGA measurements. While photodiode, FET, spintronics, and SERS-based molecular sensing, IRS element in 6G wireless communication applications of 2D GaN have been demonstrated, its nanocomposite with PVDF exhibits an excellent thermoplastic and piezoelectric behavior.
Circadian clock disruption promotes the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in male Drosophila
Authors: Majcin Dorcikova Michaëla , Duret Lou C. , Pottié Emma , Nagoshi Emi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSleep and circadian rhythm disruptions are frequent comorbidities of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. However, the causal role of circadian clocks in the degenerative process remains uncertain. We demonstrated here that circadian clocks regulate the rhythmicity and magnitude of the vulnerability of DA neurons to oxidative stress in male Drosophila. Circadian pacemaker neurons are presynaptic to a subset of DA neurons and rhythmically modulate their susceptibility to degeneration. The arrhythmic period (per) gene null mutation exacerbates the age-dependent loss of DA neurons and, in combination with brief oxidative stress, causes premature animal death. These findings suggest that circadian clock disruption promotes dopaminergic neurodegeneration.
High-dimensional topographic organization of visual features in the primate temporal lobe
Authors: Yao Mengna , Wen Bincheng , Yang Mingpo , Guo Jiebin , Jiang Haozhou , Feng Chao , Cao Yilei , He Huiguang , Chang Le 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe inferotemporal cortex supports our supreme object recognition ability. Numerous studies have been conducted to elucidate the functional organization of this brain area, but there are still important questions that remain unanswered, including how this organization differs between humans and non-human primates. Here, we use deep neural networks trained on object categorization to construct a 25-dimensional space of visual features, and systematically measure the spatial organization of feature preference in both male monkey brains and human brains using fMRI. These feature maps allow us to predict the selectivity of a previously unknown region in monkey brains, which is corroborated by additional fMRI and electrophysiology experiments. These maps also enable quantitative analyses of the topographic organization of the temporal lobe, demonstrating the existence of a pair of orthogonal gradients that differ in spatial scale and revealing significant differences in the functional organization of high-level visual areas between monkey and human brains.
Promoting ordering degree of intermetallic fuel cell catalysts by low-melting-point metal doping
Authors: Shao Ru-Yang , Xu Xiao-Chu , Zhou Zhen-Hua , Zeng Wei-Jie , Song Tian-Wei , Yin Peng , Li Ang , Ma Chang-Song , Tong Lei , Kong Yuan , Liang Hai-Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarbon supported intermetallic compound nanoparticles with high activity and stability are promising cathodic catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. However, the synthesis of intermetallic catalysts suffers from large diffusion barrier for atom ordering, resulting in low ordering degree and limited performance. We demonstrate a low-melting-point metal doping strategy for the synthesis of highly ordered L10-type M-doped PtCo (M = Ga, Pb, Sb, Cu) intermetallic catalysts. We find that the ordering degree of the M-doped PtCo catalysts increases with the decrease of melting point of M. Theoretic studies reveal that the low-melting-point metal doping can decrease the energy barrier for atom diffusion. The prepared highly ordered Ga-doped PtCo catalyst exhibits a large mass activity of 1.07 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V in H2-O2 fuel cells and a rated power density of 1.05 W cm−2 in H2-air fuel cells, with a Pt loading of 0.075 mgPt cm−2.