bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural allies? Varieties of attitudes towards the United States and Russia within the French and German radical right
Authors: Greene Toby 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper contributes to a growing literature on the international political world views and foreign policy agendas of European radical right parties with data from in‐depth interviews with current and former elected representatives of Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) and Rassemblement National (RN), focusing on their attitudes towards the United States and Russia. Despite very different party structures, the interviews point to a common pattern of intra‐party variation. Those who display deeper attachment to ‘elite’ and ‘people’ categories shaping interpretations of political events, revealed by attachment to conspiracy theories, showed inclination to more radical foreign policy agendas. This includes a stronger inclination to move away from traditional US‐led Western or NATO allies and security frameworks and a stronger preference for cooperation with Russia. For those less deeply committed to notions of malign elite conspiracy, anti‐American thinking was less prominent. For them, a sense of shared values and therefore cultural kinship with Western democracies retains relevance, and attitudes towards Russia are notably more cautious. This highlights the diversity of worldviews within the radical right, including with respect to the boundaries of transnational kinship.
PhenoCaB: a new phenological model based on carbon balance in boreal conifers
Authors: Cartenì Fabrizio , Balducci Lorena , Dupont Alain , Salucci Emiliano , Néron Valérie , Mazzoleni Stefano , Deslauriers Annie 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Traditional phenological models use chilling and thermal forcing (temperature sum or degree‐days) to predict budbreak. Because of the heightening impact of climate and other related biotic or abiotic stressors, a model with greater biological support is needed to better predict budbreak.
Here, we present an original mechanistic model based on the physiological processes taking place before and during budbreak of conifers. As a general principle, we assume that phenology is driven by the carbon status of the plant, which is closely related to environmental variables and the annual cycle of dormancy–activity. The carbon balance of a branch was modelled from autumn to winter with cold acclimation and dormancy and from winter to spring when deacclimation and growth resumption occur.
After being calibrated in a field experiment, the model was validated across a large area (> 34 000 km2), covering multiple conifers stands in Québec (Canada) and across heated plots for the SPRUCE experiment in Minnesota (USA). The model accurately predicted the observed dates of budbreak in both Québec (±3.98 d) and Minnesota (±7.98 d).
The site‐independent calibration provides interesting insights on the physiological mechanisms underlying the dynamics of dormancy break and the resumption of vegetative growth in spring.
Rubella virus‐associated necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with extensive eyelid, ocular, and orbital involvement
Authors: Pimentel Matthew A. , Kim Donna H. , Walker Lorne W. , Noelck Michelle B. , Perelygina Ludmila , Kripps Kimberly A. , Cartwright Victoria W. , Funk Tracy , Green Sarah , Kuo Annie , Ng John , Ophaug Solveig L. , Passo Ross , Redd Travis , Small Alison 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe present a case of cutaneous granulomatous disease associated with rubella virus in a 4‐year‐old girl without an identifiable immunodeficiency. In this case, a combination of anti‐inflammatory, anti‐viral, and anti‐neutrophil therapies successfully treated vision‐threatening eyelid, conjunctival, scleral, and orbital inflammation.
Geology along the Yuba Pass and Highway 70 corridors: A complex history of tectonics and magmatism in the northern Sierra Nevada
Authors: Roberts Michelle A. , Langenheim Victoria , Schweickert Richard , Hanson Richard 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
This field trip traverses a cross section of northern Sierra Nevada geology and landscape along two major corridors, Highway 49 (Yuba Pass) and Highway 70. These highways, and adjacent roadways, offer roadcuts, outcrops, and overviews through diverse pre-Cenozoic metamorphic rocks along the Laurentian margin, Mesozoic batholithic rocks, and Miocene volcanic rocks. Observing this array of rocks on a single trip provides an opportunity to examine the progression of tectonic forces in this region since the Paleozoic Era. Inspiration for this trip is a 1:100,000-scale geologic map and geophysical maps of the Portola 30′ × 60′ quadrangle that integrate decades of published and unpublished mapping with new geophysical data. The quadrangle map will seamlessly depict a geologically complex region along the boundary between the Sierra Nevada and Basin and Range provinces, dominated by transtensional tectonics of the Walker Lane. This field trip highlights many of the major units of the geologic map and will also feature new geochronological data on plutonic rocks.
Proterozoic and Paleozoic evolution of the Blue Ridge geologic province in northern Virginia, USA
Authors: Burton William C. , Schindler J. Stephen 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
This field guide presents a one-day trip across the northern Virginia Blue Ridge geologic province and highlights published geologic mapping of Mesoproterozoic rocks that constitute the core of the Blue Ridge anticlinorium and Neoproterozoic cover-sequence rocks on the fold limbs. The guide presents zircon SHRIMP (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe) U-Pb crystallization ages of granitoid rocks and discusses the tectonic and petrologic evolution of basement rocks during the Mesoproterozoic. U-Pb data show more of a continuum for Blue Ridge Mesoproterozoic magmatic events, from ca. 1.18–1.05 Ga, than previous U-Pb TIMS (thermal ionization mass spectrometry)-based models that had three distinct episodes of plutonic intrusion. All of the younger dated rocks are found west of the N-S–elongate batholith of the Neoproterozoic Robertson River Igneous Suite, suggesting that the batholith occupies a fundamental Mesoproterozoic crustal boundary that was likely a fault. Narrow belts of paragneiss may represent remnants of pre-intrusive country rock, but some were deposited close to 1 Ga according to detrital zircon U-Pb ages.
For late Neoproterozoic geology, the guide focuses on lithologies and structures associated with early rifting of the Rodinia supercontinent, including small rift basins preserved on the eastern limb of the anticlinorium. These basins have locally thickened packages of clastic metasedimentary rocks that strike into and truncate abruptly against Mesoproterozoic basement along apparent steep normal faults. Both basement and cover were intruded by NE-SE–striking and steeply dipping, few-m-wide diabase dikes that were feeders to late Neoproterozoic Catoctin Formation metabasalt that overlies the rift sediments. The relatively weak dikes facilitated the deformation that led to the formation of the Blue Ridge anticlinorium during the middle to late Paleozoic as the vertical dikes were transposed and rotated during formation of the penetrative cleavage.
This field trip generally follows the GSA guide published in GSA Field Guide 57 (available at https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa):
Burton, W.C., and Schindler, J.S., 2020, Proterozoic and Paleozoic evolution of the Blue Ridge geologic province in northern Virginia, USA, in Swezey, C.S., and Carter, M.W., eds., Geology Field Trips in and around the U.S. Capital: Geological Society of America Field Guide 57, p. 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1130/2020.0057(01).
Coexistence of the Water Shrew (Neomys fodiens) and the Common Shrew (Sorex araneus), Competing Species, in a Fluctuating Environment: Sociability and Space Use in a “Dry” Habitat
Authors: Shchipanov N. A. , Kasatkin M. V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSustainable (no trend in the abundance of interacting species) coexistence of species can be maintained due to fluctuations in their abundance and distribution over habitats in a heterogeneous environment. The water shrew and common shrew, coexist in near-water areas and occasionally in “dry” habitats, where the water shrew periodically invades. Given the well-known overlapping of food niches of these species, one would expect the discovery of mechanisms that reduce competition; however, in “dry” habitats, we did not find such mechanisms. The use of space is characterized by a random overlapping of the home ranges of animals. In the preference test (a container with an animal versus an empty container), individual repeatability of sociability was found in tests with a conspecific stimulant, but was absent in tests with a stimulant of another species. The presence of the water shrew (as a stimulant) in the behavioral test did not increase the anxiety of common shrews, but only increased the thoroughness of exploration. No reaction of the water shrew to the common shrew was found in interspecific tests. In the absence of specific adaptations aimed at the spatial segregation of animals, the coexistence of the water shrew and the common shrew is quite well explained by “fluctuation-dependent” models of coexistence.
Silver Clinic: protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment for people living with HIV and frailty
Authors: St Clair-Sullivan Natalie , Bristowe Katherine , Adler Zoe , Bremner Stephen , Harding Richard , Levett Thomas , Maddocks Matthew , Pargeter Gary , Roberts Jonathan , Yi Deokhee , Vera Jaime 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionMany people ageing with HIV are also living with multiple comorbidities and geriatric syndromes including frailty and cognitive deterioration. These complex needs can be challenging to meet within existing HIV care services. This study investigates the acceptability and feasibility of screening for frailty and of using a comprehensive geriatric assessment approach, delivered via the Silver Clinic, to support people living with HIV affected by frailty.Methods and analysisMixed-methods, parallel-group, randomised, controlled feasibility trial aiming to recruit 84 people living with HIV≥50, identified as frail. Participants will be recruited from the HIV unit at the Royal Sussex County Hospital, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to receive usual HIV care or the Silver Clinic intervention, which uses a comprehensive geriatric assessment approach. Psychosocial, physical and service use outcomes will be measured at baseline, 26 weeks and 52 weeks. Qualitative interviews will be conducted with a subset of participants from both arms. Primary outcome measures include recruitment and retention rates and completion of clinical outcome measures. These will be used in conjunction with a priori progression criteria and the qualitative data (acceptability of trial procedures and intervention) to determine the feasibility and design of a definitive trial.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by East Midlands—Leicester Central Research Ethics Committee (reference 21/EM/0200). All participants will receive written information about the study and be required to provide informed consent. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals, conferences and community engagement.Trial registration numberISRCTN14646435.
Effects of primary healthcare reform on routine health information systems (RHISs): a mixed-methods study in Lesotho
Authors: Birru Ermyas , Ndayizigiye Melino , McBain Ryan , Mokoena Mathabang , Koto Masebeo , Augusto Orvalho , Casmir Edinah , Puttkammer Nancy , Mukherjee Joia 
Published: May 2023

Background and objectiveThe Ministry of Health of Lesotho and Partners In Health piloted the Lesotho National Primary Health Care Reform (LPHCR) from July 2014 to June 2017 to improve quality and quantity of service delivery and enhance health system management. This initiative included improvement of routine health information systems (RHISs) to map disease burden and reinforce data utilisation for clinical quality improvement.Methods and analysisThe WHO Data Quality Assurance framework’s core indicators were used to compare the completeness of health data before versus after the LPHCR in 60 health centres and 6 hospitals across four districts. To examine change in data completeness, we conducted an interrupted time series analysis using multivariable logistic mixed-effects regression. Additionally, we conducted 25 key informant interviews with healthcare workers (HCWs) at the different levels of Lesotho’s health system, following a purposive sampling approach. Interviews were analysed using deductive coding based on the Performance of Routine Information System Management framework, which inspected organisational, technical and behavioural factors influencing RHIS processes and outputs associated with the LPHCR.ResultsIn multivariable analyses, trends in monthly data completion rate were higher after versus before the LPHCR for: documenting first antenatal care visit (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.24, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.36) and institutional delivery (AOR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.32). When discussing processes, HCWs highlighted the value of establishing clear roles and responsibilities in reporting under a new organisational structure, improved community programmes among district health management teams, and enhanced data sharing and monitoring by districts.ConclusionThe Ministry of Health had a strong data completion rate pre-LPHCR, which was sustained throughout the LPHCR despite increased service utilisation. The data completion rate was optimised through improved behavioural, technical and organisational factors introduced as part of the LPHCR.
Unique Transcriptional Profiles Underlie Osteosarcomagenesis Driven by Different p53 Mutants
Authors: Chachad Dhruv , Patel Lalit R. , Recio Carlos Vera , Pourebrahim Rasoul , Whitley Elizabeth M. , Wang Wenyi , Su Xiaoping , Xu An , Lee Dung-Fang , Lozano Guillermina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Missense mutations in the DNA binding domain of p53 are characterized as structural or contact mutations based on their effect on the conformation of the protein. These mutations show gain-of-function (GOF) activities, such as promoting increased metastatic incidence compared with p53 loss, often mediated by the interaction of mutant p53 with a set of transcription factors. These interactions are largely context specific. To understand the mechanisms by which p53 DNA binding domain mutations drive osteosarcoma progression, we created mouse models, in which either the p53 structural mutant p53R172H or the contact mutant p53R245W are expressed specifically in osteoblasts, yielding osteosarcoma tumor development. Survival significantly decreased and metastatic incidence increased in mice expressing p53 mutants compared with p53-null mice, suggesting GOF. RNA sequencing of primary osteosarcomas revealed vastly different gene expression profiles between tumors expressing the missense mutants and p53-null tumors. Further, p53R172H and p53R245W each regulated unique transcriptomes and pathways through interactions with a distinct repertoire of transcription factors. Validation assays showed that p53R245W, but not p53R172H, interacts with KLF15 to drive migration and invasion in osteosarcoma cell lines and promotes metastasis in allogeneic transplantation models. In addition, analyses of p53R248W chromatin immunoprecipitation peaks showed enrichment of KLF15 motifs in human osteoblasts. Taken together, these data identify unique mechanisms of action of the structural and contact mutants of p53.

Significance:
The p53 DNA binding domain contact mutant p53R245W, but not the structural mutant p53R172H, interacts with KLF15 to drive metastasis in somatic osteosarcoma, providing a potential vulnerability in tumors expressing p53R245W mutation.
Targeting CD44 Variant 5 with an Antibody–Drug Conjugate Is an Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Bei Yuncheng , He Jian , Dong Xuhui , Wang Yuxin , Wang Sijie , Guo Wan , Cai Chengjie , Xu Zhiye , Wei Jia , Liu Baorui , Zhang Nan , Shen Pingping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most frequent type of primary liver cancer. ICC is among the deadliest malignancies, highlighting that novel treatments are urgently needed. Studies have shown that CD44 variant isoforms, rather than the CD44 standard isoform, are selectively expressed in ICC cells, providing an opportunity for the development of an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC)–based targeted therapeutic strategy. In this study, we observed the specific expression of CD44 variant 5 (CD44v5) in ICC tumors. CD44v5 protein was expressed on the surface of most ICC tumors (103 of 155). A CD44v5-targeted ADC, H1D8–DC (H1D8–drug conjugate), was developed that comprises a humanized anti-CD44v5 mAb conjugated to the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a cleavable valine–citrulline-based linker. H1D8–DC exhibited efficient antigen binding and internalization in cells expressing CD44v5 on the cell surface. Because of the high expression of cathepsin B in ICC cells, the drug was preferentially released in cancer cells but not in normal cells, thus inducing potent cytotoxicity at picomolar concentrations. In vivo studies showed that H1D8–DC was effective against CD44v5-positive ICC cells and induced tumor regression in patient-derived xenograft models, whereas no significant adverse toxicities were observed. These data demonstrate that CD44v5 is a bona fide target in ICC and provide a rationale for the clinical investigation of a CD44v5-targeted ADC-based approach.

Significance:
Elevated expression of CD44 variant 5 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma confers a targetable vulnerability using the newly developed antibody–drug conjugate H1D8–DC, which induces potent growth suppressive effects without significant toxicity.
Cost-effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus Self-collection Intervention on Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake among Underscreened U.S. Persons with a Cervix
Authors: Spees Lisa P. , Biddell Caitlin B. , Smith Jennifer S. , Des Marais Andrea C. , Hudgens Michael G. , Sanusi Busola , Jackson Sarah , Brewer Noel T. , Wheeler Stephanie B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection (followed by scheduling assistance for those who were HPV+ or inconclusive) compared with scheduling assistance only and usual care among underscreened persons with a cervix (PWAC).

Methods:
A decision tree analysis was used to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER), or the cost per additional PWAC screened, from the Medicaid/state and clinic perspectives. A hypothetical cohort represented 90,807 low-income, underscreened individuals. Costs and health outcomes were derived from the MyBodyMyTest-3 randomized trial except the usual care health outcomes were derived from literature. We performed probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) to evaluate model uncertainty.

Results:
Screening uptake was highest in the self-collection alternative (n = 65,721), followed by the scheduling assistance alternative (n = 34,003) and usual care (n = 18,161). The self-collection alternative costs less and was more effective than the scheduling assistance alternative from the Medicaid/state perspective. Comparing the self-collection alternative with usual care, the ICERs were $284 per additional PWAC screened from the Medicaid/state perspective and $298 per additional PWAC screened from the clinic perspective. PSAs demonstrated that the self-collection alternative was cost-effective compared with usual care at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $300 per additional PWAC screened in 66% of simulations from the Medicaid/state perspective and 58% of simulations from the clinic perspective.

Conclusions:
Compared with usual care and scheduling assistance, mailing HPV self-collection kits to underscreened individuals appears to be cost-effective in increasing screening uptake.

Impact:
This is the first analysis to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of mailed self-collection in the United States.
A química na Antiguidade
Authors: Mathias Simão 
Published: May 2023

(1º parágrafo do artigo)
Dificilmente se pode dizer que a química, como ciência, tenha se iniciado antes do século XVI. Foi nessa época que se começou a distinguir o estudo das substâncias individuais e suas transformações sob a influência do calor, dos solventes ou reagentes, das outras transformações que ocorrem na natureza. Foi nessa época que surgiu a idéia de que tais transformações po-diam ser consideradas como um assunto de estudo especial, como o compor-tamento das estreias, a natureza dos números e as doenças do organismo humano.
Aspectos metodológicos da formação da mecânica clássica
Authors: Motoyama Shozo 
Published: May 2023

(1º parágrafo do artigo)
No Renascimento a busca de um novo método científico assumiu ansiosas proporções. Os livros que marcaram época, fosse qual fosse o ramo traziam ao menos uma alusão sobre o método. Essa procura se revestia de grande importância. No caos borbulhante dessa época de transição, o caráter da ciência estava também em transformação. Ela não estava mais dirigida ao conhecimento em si e a revelação. Cada vez mais o conhecimento tomava as cores de potência, de ação dinâmica e de poder tecnológico. Controlar a natureza era a ordem do dia. Para isso nada adiantava salvar as aparências. Na pesquisa do seu dia a dia, mestres como Copérnico, Gilbert, Stevin, Kepler, ...Galileo e Newton estavam em busca de uma bússola para a orientação. E arautos como Bacon, Bruno e Descartes fizeram apologia do seu método. O século XVI pode ser caracterizado como o da procura de um novo método.
Aspectos da biofísica
Authors: Isotani Sadao 
Published: May 2023

(1º parágrafo do artigo)
Um dos aspectos mais fascinantes dos estudos naturais é o estudo da vida em seus múltiplos e variados aspectos. A natureza e a origem da vida tem sido objeto de atenção da curiosidade humana através dos séculos. Filósofos, teólogos e cientistas tem procurado dar explicações para este fenômeno, sem contudo chegarem a um consenso. Definições para a vida, vão desde as místicas, proferidas pelos santos, até as mais simplórias oriundas do senso comum. Para alguns é o sopro do Criador que dá forma ao pó. Para outros, é um complexo mecanismo bioquímico, cujo objetivo e finalidade ainda não nos é dado a conhecer. Estas idéias sobre a vida, frequentemente se revelam de pouca ou nenhuma utilidade para o pesquisador que se interessa pela natureza e origem da vida.
InSCIt: Information-Seeking Conversations with Mixed-Initiative Interactions
Authors: Wu Zeqiu , Parish Ryu , Cheng Hao , Min Sewon , Ammanabrolu Prithviraj , Ostendorf Mari , Hajishirzi Hannaneh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In an information-seeking conversation, a user may ask questions that are under-specified or unanswerable. An ideal agent would interact by initiating different response types according to the available knowledge sources. However, most current studies either fail to or artificially incorporate such agent-side initiative. This work presents InSCIt, a dataset for Information-Seeking Conversations with mixed-initiative Interactions. It contains 4.7K user-agent turns from 805 human-human conversations where the agent searches over Wikipedia and either directly answers, asks for clarification, or provides relevant information to address user queries. The data supports two subtasks, evidence passage identification and response generation, as well as a human evaluation protocol to assess model performance. We report results of two systems based on state-of-the-art models of conversational knowledge identification and open-domain question answering. Both systems significantly underperform humans, suggesting ample room for improvement in future studies.1