bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of millihertz quasi-periodic oscillations in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1730–22 with NICER
Authors: Mancuso G C , Altamirano D , Bult P , Chenevez J , Guillot S , Güver T , Jaisawal G K , Malacaria C , Ng M , Sanna A , Strohmayer T E 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of millihertz quasi-periodic oscillations (mHz QPOs) from the neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1730–22 using the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). After being inactive for almost 50 years, 4U 1730–22 went into outburst twice between June and August 2021, and between February and July 2022. We analyse all the NICER observations of this source, and detect mHz QPOs with a significance &gt; 4 σ in 35 observations. The QPO frequency of the full data set ranged between ∼ 4.5 and ∼ 8.1 mHz with an average fractional rms amplitude of the order of ∼2 per cent. The X-ray colour analysis strongly suggests that 4U 1730–22 was in a soft spectral state during the QPO detections. Our findings are consistent with those reported for other sources where the mHz QPOs have been interpreted as the result of a special mode of He burning on the NS surface called marginally stable nuclear burning (MSNB). We conclude that the mHz QPOs reported in this work are also associated with the MSNB, making 4U 1730–22 the eighth source that shows this phenomenology. We discuss our findings in the context of the heat flux from the NS crust.
A single-centre retrospective study of factors affecting steroid-free remission of immunoglobulin G4–related disease conducted in South Korea: A notable outcome after complete resection
Authors: Kim Jung Gon , Jang Sunhee , Lee Jennifer , Ju Ji Hyeon , Kim Wan-Uk , Park Sung-Hwan , Kwok Seung-Ki 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Few studies have examined factors affecting steroid-free remission (SFR) in patients with immunoglobulin G4–related disease (IgG4-RD). The aim of this study was to investigate clinical factors affecting SFR in IgG4-RD.

Methods
The medical records of 68 patients who met the 2020 revised comprehensive diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD were reviewed retrospectively. SFR was defined as remission maintained for at least 6 months without corticosteroids. Cox regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between SFR and various clinical factors. The relapse rate after SFR was examined using the log-rank test.

Results
After a median follow-up of 36 months, 30.9% (21/68) of patients with IgG4-RD achieved SFR. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that IgG4-RD diagnosed by complete resection rather than by common diagnostic procedures was the only factor positively associated with SFR (hazard ratio, 7.41; 95% confidence interval, 2.23–24.60; P = .001). Furthermore, relapse after attainment of SFR was significantly less common in the group that underwent complete resection than in the group that did not undergo complete resection (log-rank P = .006).

Conclusions
Patients with IgG4-RD diagnosed by complete resection had a higher likelihood of achieving SFR and a lower rate of relapse after attaining SFR.
Identification of key residues of the DNA glycosylase OGG1 controlling efficient DNA sampling and recruitment to oxidized bases in living cells
Authors: D’Augustin Ostiane , Gaudon Virginie , Siberchicot Capucine , Smith Rebecca , Chapuis Catherine , Depagne Jordane , Veaute Xavier , Busso Didier , Di Guilmi Anne-Marie , Castaing Bertrand , Radicella J Pablo , Campalans Anna , Huet Sébastien 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The DNA-glycosylase OGG1 oversees the detection and clearance of the 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which is the most frequent form of oxidized base in the genome. This lesion is deeply buried within the double-helix and its detection requires careful inspection of the bases by OGG1 via a mechanism that remains only partially understood. By analyzing OGG1 dynamics in the nucleus of living human cells, we demonstrate that the glycosylase constantly samples the DNA by rapidly alternating between diffusion within the nucleoplasm and short transits on the DNA. This sampling process, that we find to be tightly regulated by the conserved residue G245, is crucial for the rapid recruitment of OGG1 at oxidative lesions induced by laser micro-irradiation. Furthermore, we show that residues Y203, N149 and N150, while being all involved in early stages of 8-oxoG probing by OGG1 based on previous structural data, differentially regulate the sampling of the DNA and recruitment to oxidative lesions.
Effect of gut microbiota modulation on sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Gil-Hernández Esther , Ruiz-González Cristofer , Rodriguez-Arrastia Miguel , Ropero-Padilla Carmen , Rueda-Ruzafa Lola , Sánchez-Labraca Nuria , Roman Pablo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Context
A bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and circadian rhythms has been proposed.

Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of probiotic or prebiotic intervention on sleep quality and quantity.

Data Sources
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Only randomized clinical trials written in English or Spanish were considered.

Data Extraction
The initial search resulted in 219 articles. Following the removal of duplicates and consideration of the selection criteria, 25 articles were selected for the systematic review and 18 articles for the meta-analysis.

Data Analysis
Microbiota modulation was not demonstrated to be associated with significant improvement in sleep quality in the present meta-analysis (P = 0.31). In terms of sleep duration, the meta-analysis found no improvement due to GM modulation (P = 0.43).

Conclusion
The results of this meta-analysis indicate that there is still insufficient evidence to support the relationship between GM modulation and improved sleep quality. While several studies assume that including probiotics in the diet will undoubtedly improve sleep quality, more research is needed to fully understand this phenomenon.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021245118.
Assessing Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy With the Modified Dundee Classification for Nonpurulent Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in a Community Hospital System
Authors: Ruiz Christian , Gibson Geneen , Crosby Joseph , Adams Nathan , Friend Kimberly 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
The modified Dundee classification has recently been validated in various studies for nonpurulent skin and soft tissue infections. This has yet to be applied in the United States and within community hospital settings to optimize antimicrobial stewardship and ultimately patient care.

Methods
A retrospective, descriptive analysis was performed of 120 adult patients admitted to St. Joseph's/Candler Health System for nonpurulent skin and soft tissue infections between January 2020 and September 2021. Patients were classified into their modified Dundee classes, and frequencies of concordance of their empiric antimicrobial regimens with this classification scheme in the emergency department and inpatient settings were compared, along with possible effect modifiers and possible exploratory measures associated with concordance.

Results
Concordance with the modified Dundee classification for the emergency department and inpatient regimens was 10% and 15%, respectively, with broad-spectrum antibiotic use and concordance positively associated with illness severity. Due to substantial broad-spectrum antibiotic use, possible effect modifiers associated with concordance were unable to be validated, and overall no statistically significant differences among exploratory analyses across classification status were observed.

Conclusions
The modified Dundee classification can help identify gaps in antimicrobial stewardship and excessive broad-spectrum antimicrobial usage toward optimizing patient care.
Successful Treatment of Prolonged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Patients With Immunodeficiency With Extended Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir: Case Series
Authors: Breeden Madison , Aitken Samuel L , Baang Ji Hoon , Gravelin Misty , Kaul Daniel R , Lauring Adam S , Petty Lindsay A , Gregg Kevin S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Immunocompromised patients with B-cell deficiencies are at risk for prolonged symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We describe 4 patients treated for B-cell malignancies with B-cell-depleting therapies who developed persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection and had resolution of symptoms following an extended course of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.
Phase I Trial of Ipatasertib Plus Carboplatin, Carboplatin/Paclitaxel, or Capecitabine and Atezolizumab in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Yost Susan E , Cui Yujie , Ruel Christopher , Murga Mireya , Tang Aileen , Martinez Norma , Schmolze Daniel , Waisman James , Patel Niki , Vora Lalit , Tumyan Lusine , Bozoghlanian Mari , Stewart Daphne , Frankel Paul H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
This trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of ipatasertib in combination with carboplatin, carboplatin/paclitaxel, or capecitabine/atezolizumab in patients with metastatic triple–negative breast cancer (mTNBC).

Methods
Eligibility criteria were mTNBC, RECIST 1.1 measurable disease, no prior use of platinum for metastatic disease (Arms A and B), and no prior exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitor (Arm C). Primary endpoints were safety and RP2D. Secondary endpoints were progression–free survival (PFS), response rate, and overall survival.

Results
RP2D for Arm A (n = 10) was ipatasertib 300 mg daily, carboplatin AUC2, and paclitaxel 80 mg m−2 days 1, 8, and 15 every 28 days. RP2D for Arm B (n = 12) was ipatasertib 400 mg daily and carboplatin AUC2 days 1, 8, and 15 every 28 days. RP2D for Arm C (n = 6) was likely ipatasertib 300 mg 21 days on 7 days off, capecitabine 750 mg m−2, twice a day, 7 days on 7 days off, and atezolizumab 840 mg days 1 and 15 every 28 days. The most common (≥10%) grade 3-4 AEs at RP2D for Arm A (N = 7 at RP2D) were neutropenia (29%), diarrhea (14%), oral mucositis (14%), and neuropathy (14%); Arm B had diarrhea (17%) and lymphopenia (25%); and Arm C had anemia, fatigue, cognitive disturbance, and maculopapular rash (17% each). Overall responses at RP2D were 29% Arm A, 25% Arm B, and 33% Arm C. PFS was 4.8, 3.9, and 8.2 months for patients on Arms A, B, and C, respectively.

Conclusions
Continuous dosing of ipatasertib with chemotherapy was safe and well-tolerated. Further study is warranted in understanding the role of AKT inhibition in treatment of TNBCs.

Trial registration
NCT03853707.
OsMFT1 Inhibits Seed Germination by Modulating Abscisic Acid Signaling and Gibberellin Biosynthesis under Salt Stress in Rice
Authors: Lu Kunxun , Guo Ziyu , Di Shiyu , Lu Yuyang , Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani , Rong Chenyu , Ding Yanfeng , Li Weiqiang , Ding Chengqiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Seed dormancy and germination are regulated by endogenous gene expression as well as hormonal and environmental conditions, such as salinity, which greatly inhibits seed germination. MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 (MFT), which encodes a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, is a key regulator of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. There are two orthologous genes of AtMFT in rice (Oryza sativa), namely, OsMFT1 and OsMFT2. However, the functions of these two genes in regulating rice seed germination under salt stress remain unknown. In this study, we found that seeds of loss-of-function osmft1 mutants germinated faster than wild-type (WT) seeds under salt stress, but this was not the case for loss-of-function osmft2 mutants. Overexpression of OsMFT1 (OsMFT1OE) or OsMFT2 increased the sensitivity to salt stress during seed germination. Transcriptome comparisons of osmft1 vs WT in the absence and presence of salt stress yielded several differentially expressed genes, which were associated with salt stress, plant hormone metabolism and signaling pathways, such as B-BOX ZINC FINGER 6, O. sativa bZIP PROTEIN 8 and GIBBERELLIN (GA) 20-oxidase 1. In addition, the sensitivity of OsMFT1OE seeds to GA and osmft1 seeds to abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination increased under salt stress. Overall, our results indicate that ABA and GA metabolism and their signaling pathways are regulated by OsMFT1, modulating seed germination in rice under salt stress.
Preservation of thalamocortical circuitry is essential for good recovery after cardiac arrest
Authors: Tewarie Prejaas K B , Tjepkema-Cloostermans Marleen C , Abeysuriya Romesh G , Hofmeijer Jeannette , van Putten Michel J A M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Continuous electroencephalographam (EEG) monitoring contributes to prediction of neurological outcome in comatose cardiac arrest survivors. While the phenomenology of EEG abnormalities in postanoxic encephalopathy is well known, the pathophysiology, especially the presumed role of selective synaptic failure, is less understood. To further this understanding, we estimate biophysical model parameters from the EEG power spectra from individual patients with a good or poor recovery from a postanoxic encephalopathy. This biophysical model includes intracortical, intrathalamic, and corticothalamic synaptic strengths, as well as synaptic time constants and axonal conduction delays. We used continuous EEG measurements from hundred comatose patients recorded during the first 48 h postcardiac arrest, 50 with a poor neurological outcome [cerebral performance category (CPC=5)] and 50 with a good neurological outcome (CPC=1). We only included patients that developed (dis-)continuous EEG activity within 48 h postcardiac arrest. For patients with a good outcome, we observed an initial relative excitation in the corticothalamic loop and corticothalamic propagation that subsequently evolved towards values observed in healthy controls. For patients with a poor outcome, we observed an initial increase in the cortical excitation-inhibition ratio, increased relative inhibition in the corticothalamic loop, delayed corticothalamic propagation of neuronal activity, and severely prolonged synaptic time constants that did not return to physiological values. We conclude that the abnormal EEG evolution in patients with a poor neurological recovery after cardiac arrest may result from persistent and selective synaptic failure that includes corticothalamic circuitry and also delayed corticothalamic propagation.
Attractive gravity probe surfaces in higher dimensions
Authors: Izumi Keisuke , Tomikawa Yoshimune , Shiromizu Tetsuya , Yoshino Hirotaka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A generalization of the Riemannian Penrose inequality in n-dimensional space (3 ≤ n &lt; 8) is done. We introduce a parameter α ($-\frac{1}{n-1}\lt \alpha \lt \infty$) indicating the strength of the gravitational field, and define a refined attractive gravity probe surface (refined AGPS) with α. Then, we show the area inequality for a refined AGPS, $A \le \omega _{n-1} \left[ (n+2(n-1)\alpha )Gm /(1+(n-1)\alpha ) \right]^{\frac{n-1}{n-2}}$, where A is the area of the refined AGPS, ωn − 1 is the area of the standard unit (n − 1)-sphere, G is Newton’s gravitational constant, and m is the Arnowitt–Deser–Misner mass. The obtained inequality is applicable not only to surfaces in strong gravity regions such as a minimal surface (corresponding to the limit α → ∞), but also to those in weak gravity existing near infinity (corresponding to the limit $\alpha \rightarrow -\frac{1}{n-1}$).
Restoring the saturation response of a PMT using pulse shape and artificial neural networks
Authors: Lee Hyun-Gi , Park Jungsic 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The linear response of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a required property for photon counting and reconstruction of the neutrino energy. The linearity valid region and the saturation response of a PMT were investigated using a linear-alkylbenzene (LAB)-based liquid scintillator. A correlation was observed between the two different saturation responses, with pulse-shape distortion and pulse-area decrease. The observed pulse shape provides useful information for the estimation of the linearity region relative to the pulse area. This correlation-based diagnosis allows an in situ estimation of the linearity range, which was previously challenging. The measured correlation between the two saturation responses was employed to train an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the decrease in pulse area from the observed pulse shape. The ANN-predicted pulse-area decrease enables a prediction of the ideal number of photoelectrons regardless of the saturation behavior. This pulse-shape-based machine-learning technique offers a novel method for restoring the saturation response of PMTs.
The impact of forced displacement: trauma, increased levels of inflammation and early presentation of diabetes in women Syrian refugees
Authors: Venkatachalam Thenmozhi , O'Sullivan Siobhán , Platt Daniel E , Ammar Walid , Hamadeh Randa , Riachi Naji , Presley Diane , Khoury Brigitte , Gauguier Dominique , Nader Moni , Qi Lu , Zalloua Pierre 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Forced displacement and war trauma cause high rates of post-traumatic stress, anxiety disorders and depression in refugee populations. We investigated the impact of forced displacement on mental health status, gender, presentation of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated inflammatory markers among Syrian refugees in Lebanon.

Methods
Mental health status was assessed using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Additional metabolic and inflammatory markers were analyzed.

Results
Although symptomatic stress scores were observed in both men and women, women consistently displayed higher symptomatic anxiety/depression scores with the HSCL-25 (2.13 ± 0.58 versus 1.95 ± 0.63). With the HTQ, however, only women aged 35–55 years displayed symptomatic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scores (2.18 ± 0.43). Furthermore, a significantly higher prevalence of obesity, prediabetes and undiagnosed T2D were observed in women participants (23.43, 14.91 and 15.18%, respectively). Significantly high levels of the inflammatory marker serum amyloid A were observed in women (11.90 ± 11.27 versus 9.28 ± 6.93, P = 0.036).

Conclusions
Symptomatic PTSD, anxiety/depression coupled with higher levels of inflammatory marker and T2D were found in refugee women aged between 35 and 55 years favoring the strong need for psychosocial therapeutic interventions in moderating stress-related immune dysfunction and development of diabetes in this subset of female Syrian refugees.
Equilibrium Analysis in Behavioural One-Sector Growth Models
Authors: Acemoglu Daron , Jensen Martin Kaae 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Rich behavioural biases, mistakes, and limits on rational decision-making are often thought to make equilibrium analysis much more intractable. We establish that this is not the case in the context of one-sector growth models such as Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans or Bewley–Aiyagari models. We break down the response of the economy to a change in the environment or policy into two parts: the direct response at the given (pre-tax) prices, and the equilibrium response which plays out as prices change. Our main result demonstrates that under weak regularity conditions, regardless of the details of behavioural preferences, mistakes and constraints on decision-making, the long-run equilibrium will involve a greater capital-labour ratio if and only if the direct response (from the corresponding consumption-saving model) involves an increase in aggregate savings. One implication of this result is that, from a qualitative point of view, behavioural biases matter for long-run equilibrium if and only if they change the direction of the direct response. We provide detailed illustrations of how this result can be applied and generate new insights using models of misperceptions, self-control and temptation, and naive and sophisticated quasi-hyperbolic discounting.
Review of Major Social Determinants of Health in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Psychotic Disorders: I. Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Jester Dylan J , Thomas Michael L , Sturm Emily T , Harvey Philip D , Keshavan Matcheri , Davis Beshaun J , Saxena Shekhar , Tampi Rajesh , Leutwyler Heather , Compton Michael T , Palmer Barton W , Jeste Dilip V 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Social determinants of health (SDoHs) are receiving growing attention and are particularly relevant to persons with schizophrenia-spectrum psychotic disorders (SSPDs), considering their heightened risk of comorbidities, cognitive and functional decline, and early mortality. Yet, we did not find any comprehensive review of multiple SDoHs in SSPD.

Study Design
We conducted a scoping review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews of nine major SDoHs in SSPD.

Study Results
Childhood abuse, parental psychopathology, parental communication problems, bullying, and urban settings with lower socioeconomic status were major risk factors for the greater incidence of SSPD and/or worse health. Social network size was inversely associated with overall psychopathology and negative symptoms. Experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination correlated with the prevalence of psychotic symptoms and experiences. Compared to native populations, the risk of psychosis was higher in immigrants, refugees, and asylees. Social fragmentation was associated with an increased prevalence of schizophrenia. Homeless populations had a 30-fold higher prevalence of schizophrenia than the general population. Seriously mentally ill people were 2.7 times more likely to report food insecurity than controls. The prevalence of non-affective psychosis in prisoners was 2.0%–6.5%, compared to 0.3% in the general population. Certain potentially positive factors like family and community resilience remain poorly studied.

Conclusions
SDoHs are associated with higher rates of and worse outcomes in SSPD. Well-designed longitudinal studies are needed to understand SDoHs’ contribution to health in persons with SSPD, to develop interventions, and to implement changes in clinical care and public health policies that would reduce adverse health impacts of SDoHs. Positive SDoHs deserve greater attention.