bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Head and Neck Manifestations of Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Case Series and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yan Derek , Holan Cole , Padilla Pablo L. , Ramtin Sina , Shah Darsh , Hancock Ellen , Thyagarajan Rama , Combs Patrick , Harshbarger Raymond 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Plastic surgeons frequently take facial trauma calls, and their responsibilities may include infection care. The head and neck is a site of presentation for necrotizing fasciitis which requires a high level of suspicion and prompt acti2on for diagnosis and treatment. We performed a meta-analysis of the literature on necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck (HNnf) to summarize clinical factors, causative organisms, and treatment, and included 2 cases presenting to our institution. Methods: A meta-analysis of the literature from 1990 to 2021 was completed on HNnf. After institutional review board approval, medical records of 2 patients presenting with a diagnosis of HNnf to an academic plastic surgery center between July and September 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Systematic reviews and articles without comprehensive individualized patient data were excluded. Results: A systematic review was performed including 2 cases presenting to our institution. A total of 149 individual cases of HNnf spanning a 30-year period were included. The most common associated comorbidity was diabetes mellitus. The most frequent source of infection was odontogenic. Most patients required serial debridements in addition to IV antibiotics. Streptococcus pyogenes was the most frequent pathogen; however, most infections were polymicrobial. Infections in the periorbital region were significantly monomicrobial ( P = .011). Acute reconstructive surgery requirements: 27 patients had skin grafting, 9 had flap reconstruction. Mortality rate was 12.3%. Increasing age was a significant predictor of mortality ( P = .01). Patients with diabetes were significantly more likely to die from HNnf (52.6%, P = .039) and require multiple debridements ( P = .001) for HNnf as compared to patients without diabetes. Infections initially arising from the submandibular region were found to be an independent negative predictor of mortality ( P = .029). Conclusion: Our experience with HNnf along with meta-analysis of the literature revealed trends in demographics, presentation, organisms, and outcomes, increasing the collective knowledge of this rare entity.
A high-quality chromosome-level Eutrema salsugineum genome, an extremophile plant model
Authors: Xiao Meng , Hao Guoqian , Guo Xinyi , Feng Landi , Lin Hao , Yang Wenjie , Chen Yanyu , Zhao Kexin , Xiang Ling , Jiang Xinyao , Mei Dong , Hu Quanjun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Eutrema salsugineum (2n = 14), a halophyte in the family Brassicaceae, is an attractive model to study abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Two versions of E. salsugineum genomes that previously reported were based on relatively short reads; thus, the repetitive regions were difficult to characterize.

Results
We report the sequencing and assembly of the E. salsugineum (Shandong accession) genome using long-read sequencing and chromosome conformation capture data. We generated Oxford Nanopore long reads at high depth (> 60X) of genome coverage with additional short reads for error correction. The new assembly has a total size of 295.5 Mb with 52.8% repetitive sequences, and the karyotype of E. salsugineum is consistent with the ancestral translocation Proto-Calepineae Karyotype structure in both order and orientation. Compared with previous assemblies, this assembly has higher contiguity, especially in the centromere region. Based on this new assembly, we predicted 25,399 protein-coding genes and identified the positively selected genes associated with salt and drought stress responses.

Conclusion
The new genome assembly will provide a valuable resource for future genomic studies and facilitate comparative genomic analysis with other plants.
Analysis and verification of the circRNA regulatory network RNO_CIRCpedia_ 4214/RNO-miR-667-5p/Msr1 axis as a potential ceRNA promoting macrophage M2-like polarization in spinal cord injury
Authors: Cao Jian , Pan Chongzhi , Zhang Jian , Chen Qi , Li Tao , He Dingwen , Cheng Xigao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
CircRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of several central nervous system diseases. However, their functions and mechanisms in spinal cord injury (SCI) are still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate circRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the pathological setting of SCI and to predict the potential function of circRNA through bioinformatics.

Methods
A microarray-based approach was used for the simultaneous measurement of circRNAs and mRNAs, together with qPCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, western immunoblotting, and dual-luciferase reporter assays to investigate the associated regulatory mechanisms in a rat SCI model.

Results
SCI was found to be associated with the differential expression of 414 and 5337 circRNAs and mRNAs, respectively. Pathway enrichment analyses were used to predict the primary function of these circRNAs and mRNAs. GSEA analysis showed that differentially expressed mRNAs were primarily associated with inflammatory immune response activity. Further screening of these inflammation-associated genes was used to construct and analyze a competing endogenous RNA network. RNO_CIRCpedia_4214 was knocked down in vitro, resulting in reduced expression of Msr1, while the expression of RNO-miR-667-5p and Arg1 was increased. Dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that RNO_CIRCpedia_4214 bound to RNO-miR-667-5p. The RNO_CIRCpedia_4214/RNO-miR-667-5p/Msr1 axis may be a potential ceRNA that promotes macrophage M2-like polarization in SCI.

Conclusion
Overall, these results highlighted the critical role that circRNAs may play in the pathophysiology of SCI and the discovery of a potential ceRNA mechanism based on novel circRNAs that regulates macrophage polarization, providing new targets for the treatment of SCI.
Metabolic profiles of Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus-infected and healthy cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivars with tolerance and susceptibility phenotypes
Authors: Chaowongdee Somruthai , Malichan Srihunsa , Pongpamorn Pornkanok , Paemanee Atchara , Siriwan Wanwisa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has expanded across many continents. Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV; family Geminiviridae), which is the predominant cause of CMD in Thailand, has caused agricultural and economic damage in many Southeast Asia countries such as Vietnam, Loas, and Cambodia. The recent SLCMV epidemic in Thailand was commonly found in cassava plantations. Current understanding of plant–virus interactions for SLCMV and cassava is limited. Accordingly, this study explored the metabolic profiles of SLCMV-infected and healthy groups of tolerant (TME3 and KU50) and susceptible (R11) cultivars of cassava. Findings from the study may help to improve cassava breeding, particularly when combined with future transcriptomic and proteomic research.

Results
SLCMV-infected and healthy leaves were subjected to metabolite extraction followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS). The resulting data were analyzed using Compound Discoverer software, the mzCloud, mzVault, and ChemSpider databases, and published literature. Of the 85 differential compounds (SLCMV-infected vs healthy groups), 54 were differential compounds in all three cultivars. These compounds were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering dendrogram analysis, heatmap analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation. Chlorogenic acid, DL-carnitine, neochlorogenic acid, (E)-aconitic acid, and ascorbyl glucoside were differentially expressed only in TME3 and KU50, with chlorogenic acid, (E)-aconitic acid, and neochlorogenic acid being downregulated in both SLCMV-infected TME3 and KU50, DL-carnitine being upregulated in both SLCMV-infected TME3 and KU50, and ascorbyl glucoside being downregulated in SLCMV-infected TME3 but upregulated in SLCMV-infected KU50. Furthermore, 7-hydroxycoumarine was differentially expressed only in TME3 and R11, while quercitrin, guanine, N-acetylornithine, uridine, vorinostat, sucrose, and lotaustralin were differentially expressed only in KU50 and R11.

Conclusions
Metabolic profiling of three cassava landrace cultivars (TME3, KU50, and R11) was performed after SLCMV infection and the profiles were compared with those of healthy samples. Certain differential compounds (SLCMV-infected vs healthy groups) in different cultivars of cassava may be involved in plant–virus interactions and could underlie the tolerance and susceptible responses in this important crop.
Development of a risk-tailored approach and dashboard for efficient management and monitoring of investigator-initiated trials
Authors: Klatte Katharina , Subramaniam Suvitha , Benkert Pascal , Schulz Alexandra , Ehrlich Klaus , Rösler Astrid , Deschodt Mieke , Fabbro Thomas , Pauli-Magnus Christiane , Briel Matthias 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Most randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the academic setting have limited resources for clinical trial management and monitoring. Inefficient conduct of trials was identified as an important source of waste even in well-designed studies. Thoroughly identifying trial-specific risks to enable focussing of monitoring and management efforts on these critical areas during trial conduct may allow for the timely initiation of corrective action and to improve the efficiency of trial conduct. We developed a risk-tailored approach with an initial risk assessment of an individual trial that informs the compilation of monitoring and management procedures in a trial dashboard.

Methods
We performed a literature review to identify risk indicators and trial monitoring approaches followed by a contextual analysis involving local, national and international stakeholders. Based on this work we developed a risk-tailored management approach with integrated monitoring for RCTs and including a visualizing trial dashboard. We piloted the approach and refined it in an iterative process based on feedback from stakeholders and performed formal user testing with investigators and staff of two clinical trials.

Results
The developed risk assessment comprises four domains (patient safety and rights, overall trial management, intervention management, trial data). An accompanying manual provides rationales and detailed instructions for the risk assessment. We programmed two trial dashboards tailored to one medical and one surgical RCT to manage identified trial risks based on daily exports of accumulating trial data. We made the code for a generic dashboard available on GitHub that can be adapted to individual trials.

Conclusions
The presented trial management approach with integrated monitoring enables user-friendly, continuous checking of critical elements of trial conduct to support trial teams in the academic setting. Further work is needed in order to show effectiveness of the dashboard in terms of safe trial conduct and successful completion of clinical trials.
Marital status and all-cause mortality rate in older adults: a population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Lei , Yi Zhong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Living with a partner and separation is becoming more common among older people. Mortality disparities associated with marital status are significant in increasingly diverse aging populations. The link between marital status and all-cause mortality risk in older adults remains uncertain.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We included NHANES participants ≥ 60 years of age (data from 1999 to 2014). Data for mortality follow-up beginning from the commencement date of survey participation to the last day of December 2015. Univariate- and multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models for marital status were estimated, and the findings were presented as regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Kaplan–Meier curves were reported.

Results
Compared to never married individuals, the risk of all-cause mortality was 0.77 (0.50–1.18), 0.72 (0.56–0.93), 0.56 (0.36–0.88), and 0.84 (0.67–1.07) in those people living with a partner, married, separated, and divorced, respectively, after adjusting for demographics, socioeconomics, behavior, anthropometric variables, and medical history. The risk of all-cause mortality was 1.24 (0.97–1.59) in widowed participants.

Conclusion
This population-based cohort study included a large sample size followed by long-term follow-up. The association between marriage, health, and reduced mortality in older individuals has been illustrated in this study. Being married or separated was associated with a lower risk of mortality.
Early pregnancy metabolic syndrome and risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes: findings from Rajarata Pregnancy Cohort (RaPCo) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasinghe Imasha Upulini , Agampodi Thilini Chanchala , Dissanayake Ajith Kumara , Agampodi Suneth Buddhika 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the intergenerational effects of metabolic disorders, evidence is greatly lacking on early pregnancy metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its effects on pregnancy outcomes from low- and middle-income countries. Thus, this prospective cohort of South Asian pregnant women aimed to evaluate how early pregnancy MetS would affect pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted among first-trimester (T1) pregnant women of Anuradhapura district, Sri Lanka recruited to the Rajarata Pregnancy Cohort in 2019. MetS was diagnosed by the Joint Interim Statement criteria before 13 weeks of gestational age (GA). Participants were followed up until their delivery, and the major outcomes measured were large for gestational age (LGA), small for gestational age (SGA), preterm birth (PTB) and miscarriage (MC). Gestational weight gain, gestational age at delivery and neonatal birth weight were used as measurements to define the outcomes. Additionally, outcome measures were re-assessed with adjusting fasting plasma glucose (FPG) thresholds of MetS to be compatible with hyperglycemia in pregnancy (Revised MetS).

Results
2326 T1 pregnant women with a mean age of 28.1 years (SD-5.4), and a median GA of 8.0 weeks (IQR-2) were included. Baseline MetS prevalence was 5.9% (n = 137, 95%CI-5.0–6.9). Only 2027 (87.1%) women from baseline, had a live singleton birth, while 221(9.5%) had MC and 14(0.6%) had other pregnancy losses. Additionally, 64(2.8%) were lost to follow-up. A higher cumulative incidence of LGA, PTB, and MC was noted among the T1-MetS women. T1-MetS carried significant risk (RR-2.59, 95%CI-1.65–3.93) for LGA, but reduced the risk for SGA (RR-0.41, 95%CI-0.29–0.78). Revised MetS moderately increased the risk for PTB (RR-1.54, 95%CI-1.04–2.21). T1-MetS was not associated (p = 0.48) with MC. Lowered FPG thresholds were significantly associated with risk for all major pregnancy outcomes. After adjusting for sociodemographic and anthropometric confounders, revised MetS remained the only significant risk predictor for LGA.

Conclusion
Pregnant women with T1 MetS in this population are at an increased risk for LGA and PTB and a reduced risk for SGA. We observed that a revised MetS definition with lower threshold for FPG compatible with GDM would provide a better estimation of MetS in pregnancy in relation to predicting LGA.
ATM depletion induces proteasomal degradation of FANCD2 and sensitizes neuroblastoma cells to PARP inhibitors
Authors: Parvin Sultana , Akter Jesmin , Takenobu Hisanori , Katai Yutaka , Satoh Shunpei , Okada Ryu , Haruta Masayuki , Mukae Kyosuke , Wada Tomoko , Ohira Miki , Ando Kiyohiro , Kamijo Takehiko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Genomic alterations, including loss of function in chromosome band 11q22-23, are frequently observed in neuroblastoma, which is the most common extracranial childhood tumour. In neuroblastoma, ATM, a DNA damage response-associated gene located on 11q22-23, has been linked to tumorigenicity. Genetic changes in ATM are heterozygous in most tumours. However, it is unclear how ATM is associated with tumorigenesis and cancer aggressiveness.

Methods
To elucidate its molecular mechanism of action, we established ATM-inactivated NGP and CHP-134 neuroblastoma cell lines using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. The knock out cells were rigorously characterized by analyzing proliferation, colony forming abilities and responses to PARP inhibitor (Olaparib). Western blot analyses were performed to detect different protein expression related to DNA repair pathway. ShRNA lentiviral vectors were used to knockdown ATM expression in SK-N-AS and SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell lines. ATM knock out cells were stably transfected with FANCD2 expression plasmid to over-expressed the FANCD2. Moreover, knock out cells were treated with proteasome inhibitor MG132 to determine the protein stability of FANCD2. FANCD2, RAD51 and γH2AX protein expressions were determined by Immunofluorescence microscopy.

Results
Haploinsufficient ATM resulted in increased proliferation (p < 0.01) and cell survival following PARP inhibitor (olaparib) treatment. However, complete ATM knockout decreased proliferation (p < 0.01) and promoted cell susceptibility to olaparib (p < 0.01). Complete loss of ATM suppressed the expression of DNA repair-associated molecules FANCD2 and RAD51 and induced DNA damage in neuroblastoma cells. A marked downregulation of FANCD2 expression was also observed in shRNA-mediated ATM-knockdown neuroblastoma cells. Inhibitor experiments demonstrated that the degradation of FANCD2 was regulated at the protein level through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Reintroduction of FANCD2 expression is sufficient to reverse decreased proliferation mediated by ATM depletion.

Conclusions
Our study revealed the molecular mechanism underlying ATM heterozygosity in neuroblastomas and elucidated that ATM inactivation enhances the susceptibility of neuroblastoma cells to olaparib treatment. These findings might be useful in the treatment of high-risk NB patients showing ATM zygosity and aggressive cancer progression in future.
The impact of COVID-19 on communicative accessibility and well-being in adults with hearing impairment: a survey study
Authors: Hammer Annemiek , Coene Martine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 measures, such as face masks, have clear consequences for the communicative accessibility of people with hearing impairment because they reduce speech perception. As communication is essential to participate in society, this might have impact on their mental well-being. This study was set out to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 measures on the communicative accessibility and well-being of adults with hearing impairment.

Method
Two groups of adults took part in this study, with (N = 150) and without (N = 50) hearing loss. The participants answered statements on a five point Likert-scale. Statements regarding communicative accessibility involved speech perception abilities, behavioral changes and access to information. Well-being was measured at the overall level in daily community life and at work, and in particular also with respect to perceived stress. We asked participants with hearing impairment on their audiological needs during the pandemic.

Results
Significant group differences were found on speech perception abilities due to COVID-19 measures. Behavioral changes were observed to compensate for the loss in speech perception. Hearing loss was associated with an increased request for repetition or for removal of the face mask. Using information technology (e.g. Zoom) or contacting colleagues did not pose any major problems for the hearing group, whereas participants with hearing loss gave mixed responses. A significant difference emerged between groups on well-being in daily life, but not on well-being at work or perceived stress.

Conclusions
This study shows the detrimental effect of COVID-19 measures on the communicative accessibility of individuals with hearing loss. It also shows their resilience as only partial group differences were found on well-being. Protective factors are indicated, such as access to information and audiological care.
Timeliness and completeness of weekly surveillance data reporting on epidemic prone diseases in Uganda, 2020–2021
Authors: Nansikombi Hildah Tendo , Kwesiga Benon , Aceng Freda L. , Ario Alex R. , Bulage Lilian , Arinaitwe Emma S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionDisease surveillance provides vital data for disease prevention and control programs. Incomplete and untimely data are common challenges in planning, monitoring, and evaluation of health sector performance, and health service delivery. Weekly surveillance data are sent from health facilities using mobile tracking (mTRAC) program, and synchronized into the District Health Information Software version 2 (DHIS2). The data are then merged into district, regional, and national level datasets. We described the completeness and timeliness of weekly surveillance data reporting on epidemic prone diseases in Uganda, 2020–2021.MethodsWe abstracted data on completeness and timeliness of weekly reporting of epidemic-prone diseases from 146 districts of Uganda from the DHIS2.Timeliness is the proportion of all expected weekly reports that were submitted to DHIS2 by 12:00pm Monday of the following week. Completeness is the proportion of all expected weekly reports that were completely filled and submitted to DHIS2 by 12:00pm Wednesday of the following week. We determined the proportions and trends of completeness and timeliness of reporting at national level by year, health region, district, health facility level, and facility ownership.ResultsNational average reporting timeliness and completeness was 44% and 70% in 2020, and 49% and 75% in 2021. Eight of the 15 health regions achieved the target for completeness of ≥ 80%; Lango attained the highest (93%) in 2020, and Karamoja attained 96% in 2021. None of the regions achieved the timeliness target of ≥ 80% in either 2020 or 2021. Kampala District had the lowest completeness (38% and 32% in 2020 and 2021, respectively) and the lowest timeliness (19% in both 2020 and 2021). Referral hospitals and private owned health facilities did not attain any of the targets, and had the poorest reporting rates throughout 2020 and 2021.ConclusionWeekly surveillance reporting on epidemic prone diseases improved modestly over time, but timeliness of reporting was poor. Further investigations to identify barriers to reporting timeliness for surveillance data are needed to address the variations in reporting.