bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data-mining-based identification of post-handover defect association rules in apartment housings
Authors: Kim Byeol , Lim Benson Teck Heng , Oo Bee Lan , Ahn Yong Han 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the increasing expectations of clients and the growing complexity of the built environment, property management teams are facing constant pressure to effectively manage and rectify defects for improved building operational efficiency and performance. This study aims to develop and validate a defect correlation evaluation model for project and property management professionals by specifically (i) examining the defect detection and management mechanisms of residential buildings and (ii) quantifying the mechanical characteristics of defects by using association rules mining (ARM) techniques. In addressing the limitations of current evaluation approaches, this study proposed an ARM evaluation model that integrated, contextualized, and operationalized building defects into work type, location, elements, and defect type. The association between these classifications was explored and mapped. Among the resulting 123 meaningful rules, rules occurred at a rate of about 62% of the same work type in the linked work type, nearly 193% of the same element in another element, and about 23% of the close location in the far location. In conclusion, this study informs project and property management professionals of the key and complex associations between defects of different characteristics and highlights the most common occurrence defects in residential apartment buildings. Thus, this helps reduce the ambiguity and subjectivity of prioritization in defect management and facilitates maintenance and repair planning.
Improving the signal quality of grades
Authors: Chilton Adam , Joy Peter , Rozema Kyle , Thomas James 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We investigate how improving the signal quality of grades could enhance the matching of students to selective opportunities that are awarded early in academic programs. To do so, we develop methods to measure the signal quality of grades and to estimate the impact of changes to university policies on the identification of exceptional students for these opportunities. We focus on law schools, a setting where students are awarded important academic and professional opportunities after just one year of a three-year program. Using transcript data from a top law school over a 40-year period, we document large gains in identifying exceptional students if changes were made to certain personnel, course, and grading policies. Our findings provide motivation and a blueprint for how universities could leverage their internal records to ensure that fewer exceptional students miss out on selective opportunities.
Keep in touch: the soil–root hydraulic continuum and its role in drought resistance in crops
Authors: Affortit Pablo , Ahmed Mutez Ali , Grondin Alexandre , Delzon Silvain , Carminati Andrea , Laplaze Laurent 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Drought is a major threat to food security worldwide. Recently, the root–soil interface has emerged as a major site of hydraulic resistance during water stress. Here, we review the impact of soil drying on whole-plant hydraulics and discuss mechanisms by which plants can adapt by modifying the properties of the rhizosphere either directly or through interactions with the soil microbiome.
X-ray emission from Westerlund 2 detected by SRG/ART-XC and Chandra: search for radiation of TeV leptons
Authors: Bykov A M , Uvarov Yu A , Kalyashova M E , Badmaev D V , Lapshov I Yu , Lutovinov A A , Mereminskiy I A , Semena A N 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the results of current observations of the young compact cluster of massive stars Westerlund 2 (Wd2) with the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope aboard the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory which we analysed together with the archival Chandra data. In general, Wd2 was detected over the whole electromagnetic spectrum including high-energy gamma rays, which revealed a cosmic ray acceleration in this object to the energies up to tens of TeV. The detection of Wd2 with ART-XC allowed us to perform a joint spectral analysis together with the high resolution Chandra observations of the diffuse emission from a few selected regions in the vicinity of the Wd2 core in the 0.4–20 keV range. To fit the Wd2 X-ray spectrum above a few keV one needs either a non-thermal power-law emission component, or a hot plasma with temperatures ∼ 5 keV. Our magnetohydrodynamic modelling of the plasma flows in Wd2 shows substantially lower electron temperatures in the system and thus the presence of the non-thermal component is certainly preferable. A kinetic model of the particle acceleration demonstrated that the non-thermal component may originate from the synchrotron radiation of multi-TeV electrons and positrons produced in Wd2 in accordance with the TeV photons detection from the source.
An M dwarf accompanied by a close-in giant orbiter with SPECULOOS
Authors: Triaud Amaury H M J , Dransfield Georgina , Kagetani Taiki , Timmermans Mathilde , Narita Norio , Barkaoui Khalid , Hirano Teruyuki , Rackham Benjamin V , Mori Mayuko , Baycroft Thomas , Benkhaldoun Zouhair , Burgasser Adam J , Caldwell Douglas A , Collins Karen A , Davis Yasmin T , Delrez Laetitia , Demory Brice-Oliver , Ducrot Elsa , Fukui Akihiko , Muñoz Clàudia Jano , Jehin Emmanuël , García Lionel J , Ghachoui Mourad , Gillon Michaël , Chew Yilen Gómez Maqueo , Hooton Matthew J , Ikoma Masahiro , Kawauchi Kiyoe , Kotani Takayuki , Levine Alan M , Pallé Enric , Pedersen Peter P , Pozuelos Francisco J , Queloz Didier , Scutt Owen J , Seager Sara , Sebastian Daniel , Tamura Motohide , Thompson Samantha , Watanabe Noriharu , de Wit Julien , Winn Joshua N , Zúñiga-Fernández Sebastián 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
In the last decade, a dozen close-in giant planets have been discovered orbiting stars with spectral types ranging from M0 to M4, a mystery since known formation pathways do not predict the existence of such systems. Here, we confirm TOI-4860 b, a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting an M4.5 host, a star at the transition between fully and partially convective interiors. First identified with TESS data, we validate the transiting companion’s planetary nature through multicolour photometry from the TRAPPIST-South/North, SPECULOOS, and MuSCAT3 facilities. Our analysis yields a radius of $0.76\pm 0.02~\rm R_{Jup}$ for the planet, a mass of $0.34~\rm M_\odot$ for the star, and an orbital period of $1.52~\rm d$. Using the newly commissioned SPIRIT InGaAs camera at the SPECULOOS-South Observatory, we collect infrared photometry in zYJ that spans the time of secondary eclipse. These observations do not detect a secondary eclipse, placing an upper limit on the brightness of the companion. The planetary nature of the companion is further confirmed through high-resolution spectroscopy obtained with the IRD spectrograph at Subaru Telescope, from which we measure a mass of $0.67\pm 0.14~\rm M_{Jup}$. Based on its overall density, TOI-4860 b appears to be rich in heavy elements, like its host star.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in primary and secondary glomerulonephritis
Authors: Caravaca-Fontán Fernando , Stevens Kate , Padrón Maite , Huerta Ana , Montomoli Marco , Villa Juan , González Fayna , Vega Cristina , López Mendoza Manuel , Fernández Loreto , Shabaka Amir , Rodríguez-Moreno Antolina , Martín-Gómez Adoración , Labrador Pedro J , Molina Andújar Alicia , Prados Soler M Carmen , Martín-Penagos Luis , Yerovi Estefanía , Medina Zahonero Laura , De La Flor José Carlos , Mon Carmen , Ibernon Meritxell , Rodríguez Gómez Astrid , Miquel Rosa , Sierra Milagros , Mascarós Victoria , Luzardo Leonella , Papasotiriou Marios , Arroyo David , Verdalles Úrsula , Martínez-Miguel Patricia , Ramírez-Guerrero Gonzalo , Pampa-Saico Saúl , Moral Berrio Esperanza , Canga José Luis Pérez , Tarragón Blanca , Fraile Gómez Pilar , Regidor Dabaiba , Relea Javier , Xipell Marc , Andrades Gómez Cristina , Navarro Maruja , Álvarez Álvaro , Rivas Begoña , Quintana Luis F , Gutiérrez Eduardo , Pérez-Valdivia Miguel Ángel , Odler Balazs , Kronbichler Andreas , Geddes Colin , Anders Hans-Joachim , Floege Jürgen , Fernández-Juárez Gema , Praga Manuel 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
The role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in the management glomerular/systemic autoimmune diseases with proteinuria in real-world clinical settings is unclear.

Methods
This is a retrospective, observational, international cohort study. Adult patients with biopsy-proven glomerular diseases were included. The main outcome was the percentage reduction in 24-h proteinuria from SGLT2i initiation to 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes included percentage change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria reduction by type of disease and reduction of proteinuria ≥30% from SGLT2i initiation.

Results
Four-hundred and ninety-three patients with a median age of 55 years and background therapy with renin–angiotensin system blockers were included. Proteinuria from baseline changed by –35%, –41%, –45% and –48% at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after SGLT2i initiation, while eGFR changed by –6%, –3%, –8% and –10.5% at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. Results were similar irrespective of the underlying disease. A correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and percentage proteinuria reduction at last follow-up. By mixed-effects logistic regression model, serum albumin at SGLT2i initiation emerged as a predictor of ≥30% proteinuria reduction (odds ratio for albumin &lt;3.5 g/dL, 0.53; 95% CI 0.30–0.91; P = .02). A slower eGFR decline was observed in patients achieving a ≥30% proteinuria reduction: –3.7 versus –5.3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year (P = .001). The overall tolerance to SGLT2i was good.

Conclusions
The use of SGLT2i was associated with a significant reduction of proteinuria. This percentage change is greater in patients with higher BMI. Higher serum albumin at SGLT2i onset is associated with higher probability of achieving a ≥30% proteinuria reduction.
A closer look at the role of iron in glioblastoma
Authors: Shenoy Ganesh , Connor James R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is among the deadliest malignancies facing modern oncology. While our understanding of certain aspects of GBM biology has significantly increased over the last decade, other aspects, such as the role of bioactive metals in GBM progression, remain understudied. Iron is the most abundant transition metal found within the earth’s crust and plays an intricate role in human physiology owing to its ability to participate in oxidation–reduction reactions. The importance of iron homeostasis in human physiology is apparent when examining the clinical consequences of iron deficiency or iron overload. Despite this, the role of iron in GBM progression has not been well described. Here, we review and synthesize the existing literature examining iron’s role in GBM progression and patient outcomes, as well as provide a survey of iron’s effects on the major cell types found within the GBM microenvironment at the molecular and cellular level. Iron represents an accessible target given the availability of already approved iron supplements and chelators. Improving our understanding of iron’s role in GBM biology may pave the way for iron-modulating approaches to improve patient outcomes.
BSBM-07 HIGH-DIMENSIONAL HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION OF THE HYPOXIC MICROENVIRONMENT IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Mansouri Sheila , Zaidi Mark , Singh Olivia , Karimi Shirin , Lombard Phoebe , Dvorkin-Gheva Anna , Velasquez Carlos , Ali Hafsah , Devaraja Kaviya , Sosa Julio , Patil Vikas , Wei QingXia , Wu Ronald , Li Mira , Cheung May , Voisin Mathew , Gao Andrew , Hedley David , Aldape Kenneth , Wouters Bradley , Zadeh Gelareh , Gandhi Shreya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rapidly growing solid tumors such as glioblastoma (GBM) are characteristically hypoxic, displaying large areas of necrosis surrounded by hyperproliferative pseudopalisading cells. Intra-tumoral hypoxia develops over time in the three-dimensional space and the degree of tissue oxygenation is a dynamic process that varies continuously. Combined with the extensive inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity associated with GBM at the bulk and single cell level, hypoxia contributes to a gradient of molecular alterations that are specific to the different cell populations that make up the bulk of the tumor and reside in specific niches. To date, high dimensional histopathologic analyses of the hypoxic regions within GBM tissue have not been performed. Here, we took a combined spatial and single-cell proteomic profiling approach to investigate the histopathologic features of hypoxia by leveraging a unique clinical study where the exogenous hypoxia marker pimonidazole (PIMO) is administered to patients with GBM prior to surgery. Tissue specimens were subjected to imaging mass cytometry and serial immunohistochemistry using a panel of 27 markers associated with cellular hallmarks of hypoxia, metabolism, proliferation, stemness, angiogenesis, and immune cell types. We took high-resolution imaging and statistical approaches to explore the interplay of the different markers within hypoxic regions of primary and recurrent GBMs, in addition to IDH-mutant gliomas. Our findings elucidate the expression pattern of key biological markers relative to one another, altered composition of different cell types, along with differential proliferative, transcriptional, and translational activation states associated with each cell type within the hypoxic regions of GBM.
BSBM-10 CHARACTERIZATION OF A RADIATION-RESISTANT MODEL OF LUNG CANCER BRAIN METASTASIS
Authors: Wolford Cullen , Blethen Kathryn , Arsiwala Tasneem , Pecar Geoff , Fladeland Ross , Panchal Dhruvi , Kielkowski Brooke , Dykstra Leah , Blackburn Jillian , Dave Sahil , Lockman Paul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer to metastasize to the brain, with 50% of all brain metastases originating from lung primary tumors. Traditional therapy for lung cancer brain metastases includes surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Due to the presence of the blood-tumor barrier, penetration of therapeutics is significantly hindered. Even when used in combination, tumor recurrence and regrowth after initial chemoradiotherapy remain a significant issue. To recapitulate recurrent disease, we aim to characterize a radio-resistant preclinical model of brain metastasis to investigate its effect on growth, chemosensitivity, and drug permeation across the blood-tumor barrier. Herein, we have generated a human NSCLC cell line bearing EGFR exon 19 deletion (PC9) that has been serial passaged in mice to colonize brain (PC9-Br). PC9-Br cells were serially irradiated and allowed to proliferate for 10-14 days prior to re-irradiation. The total dose administered to PC9-Br cells was 60 Gy to generate a radioresistant population (PC9-Br-RR). Clonogenic, MTT, and SRB analysis indicates a significant increase in survival percentage of PC9-Br-RR compared to PC9-Br irradiation at 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy. While PC9-Br-RR cells are more resistant to cisplatin than PC9-Br (IC50: 2.5 µM and 1.5 µM, respectively at 72 h), they are more sensitive to osimertinib in vitro (IC50: 6.9 nM and 33 nM, respectively at 72 h). In vivo, PC9-Br-RR tumors developed more rapidly in mice than PC9-Br and brain-to-body tumor burden analysis showed PC9-Br-RR cells have increased brain tropism. Collectively, this data supports the characterization of a radio-resistant brain metastasis model to investigate the role of acquired radio-resistance at the blood-tumor barrier.
BSBM-16 HLA CLASS-I ANTIGEN PRESENTATION MACHINERY AND IFN-γ PATHWAY ALTERATIONS IN LUNG CANCER BRAIN METASTASES
Authors: Vilarino Noelia , de Rodas Miguel Lopez , Lu Benjamin Y , Goldberg Sarah , Schalper Kurt 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can have activity in lung cancer brain metastases (LBM). However, the duration of responses is limited and most patients with LBM do not benefit from these therapies. Alterations in HLA class-I antigen presentation machinery via beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) downregulation and disruption of IFN-γ sensing were identified as mechanisms of immune evasion and ICI resistance in solid tumors. However, the expression and clinical significance of these pathways in LBM are poorly understood.

METHODS
Using multiplex quantitative immunofluorescence we measured the localized expression of B2M protein; and the IFN-γ pathway markers phospho-STAT1 (pSTAT1), and Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 (IRF-1) in 67 immunotherapy naïve LBM and 45 primary lung tumors (PLT), including 15 patients with paired samples represented in a tissue microarray. The markers were selectively measured in cytokeratin + tumor cells and in cytokeratin- stromal cells. Associations between the markers, PD-L1, TILs and clinicopathologic variables were compared between LBM and PLT.

RESULTS
LBM showed lower levels of B2M in both tumor and stroma compartments compared to PLT. In contrast, high tumor and stromal levels of pSTAT1 were observed in LBM and comparable levels of IRF-1 were found between both tumor sites. Consistently across LBM and PLT samples, pSTAT1 and IRF1 were strongly correlated, and a positive but weaker association was observed with B2M and TILs. Only in PLT high tumor-cell PD-L1 expression was associated with high levels of IRF-1. No statistically significant association was observed between the markers and clinicopathologic variables. Tumor B2M downregulation in PLT was associated with worse survival.

CONCLUSION
LBM show distinct immunomodulatory properties relative to PLT, characterized by reduced HLA class-I antigen presentation machinery, elevated IFN-γ signaling and reduced local adaptive immune responses. These results support differences in immune evasion mechanisms in LBM compared with the PLT, which may have biological and clinical implications.
BSLD-05 ESTABLISHMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MOUSE MODELS OF LEPTOMENINGEAL METASTASIS
Authors: Derderian Camille , Guber David , Remsik Jan , Wang Helen , Li Min Jun , Tong Xinran , Cortesao Nobre Ana Rita Lobato , Osman Ahmed , Freret Morgan , Schneider Jenna , Wilcox Jessica , Chabot Kiana , Boire Adrienne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There is critical need to study leptomeningeal metastasis (LM), a fatal complication of cancer accompanied by severe neurological deficits. LM occurs when cancer cells enter the leptomeninges, float in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and adhere to the surface of the brain and spinal cord. Understanding the molecular basis of LM requires reliable models of the disease that can recapitulate the complex microenvironment that supports LM cell growth. Here, we define a protocol for iterative in vivo selection of cancer cells competent to colonize the leptomeninges (LeptoM cells) from a larger population of primary tumor cells that stably express GFP and luciferase. We use these LeptoM cells to establish tractable models of leptomeningeal disease in both syngeneic and xenograft mice. With these models, we modulate disease severity and capture snapshots of hallmark LM characteristics over time. We demonstrate the fidelity of these mouse models to human disease in several dimensions: 1. Biochemically, through CSF proteomics and metabolomics; 2. Immunologically, via flow cytometry and cytokine profiling; 3. Transcriptionally through RNA sequencing; and 4. Neurologically by accumulation of neurological signs. They are freely available to the academic community. These models provide robust, reproducible tools for discovery and mechanistic dissection. They will enable identification of critical disease mechanisms, and assays of novel treatment modalities against LM.
CLRM-05 ADAPTATION OF NEW CLASSIFICATION OF ASTROCYTOMA IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY- HOW SMOOTH IS THE ROAD AHEAD?
Authors: Shrestha Roshani , Sapkota Simit , Adhikari Abish , Pandit Subhas , Jha Anjani , Karki Prakriti 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The 2021 WHO CNS 5 classification made major changes with integration of immunohistochemistry, molecular profiling and sequencing in addition to histopathology to classify brain tumors. IDH mutation is mainstay for diagnosis of low grade glioma and 1p/19q testing required only to confirm oligodendroglioma but not in all cases. This integrated approach has favored prognosis, and diagnosis of disease as well as prediction of response to therapy.

METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the molecular alterations in patients diagnosed with astrocytoma in 2021 in Kathmandu Cancer Center, Nepal. The demographic data were collected from the patients’ archived files from the medical record department. The patients were categorized as IDH: mutant and wild, and ATRX: retained and lost.

RESULTS
This study demonstrated IDH and ATRX mutation with 30.3% and 24.23% respectively. In our study, among grade 2 and 3 patients, 8 out of 11 (72.7%) were IDH mutant types. 2 patients of this group were IDH wild type, who ideally required further testing for correct classification but couldn’t be done due to financial constraints. IDH status of one patient in this group was unknown. 72.7% of the Grade 4 gliomas were IDH wild type and classified as Glioblastoma Multiforme. In 6 of the patients IDH status was unknown. Among 8 grade 2 and 3 tumors with IDH mutant, 2 had loss of ATRX and 6 had ATRX retained. Among these 6 patients only one had 1p/19q co-deletion done which was positive. Rests 5 were not properly classified.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, higher percentage of IDH wild type was seen in Grade 4 gliomas. Similarly, the IDH mutant type predominated in Grade 2 and 3 gliomas. More pronounced investigations are still not feasible in low- and-middle income countries because of limited resources.