bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosome proteomes reveal glycolysis-related enzyme enrichment in primary tumors
Authors: Kim Hui-Su , Cho Je-Yoel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
In this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed exosomal proteins from primary tumor and metastases.
Methods
We clearly distinguished primary tumors (CHMp) from metastases (CHMm) and profiled the proteins within their secreted exosomes using LC-MS/MS. Moreover, the abundance of glycolysis enzymes (GPI, LDHA) was verified with Western blotting, and we extended to human colorectal cancer-derived exosomes (SW480 vs. SW620) for comparison.
Results
Among all the exosomal proteins derived from primary tumor and metastases, 87 and 63 proteins, respectively, exhibited significant differences. Notably, glycolysis enzymes (GPI, LDHA, LDHB, TPI1, and ALDOA) were specifically enriched in exosomal proteins from primary tumor.
Conclusion
We reported significant differences in the proteome at the cellular level between primary tumors and metastases, and intriguingly, we found this heterogeneity was mirrored in the protein composition of exosomes. We discovered that glycolysis enzymes were significantly enriched in CHMp exosomes compared to CHMm exosomes. We further demonstrated that this quantitative difference in glycolysis enzymes persisted across primary and metastatic cancers, extending to human colorectal cancer-derived exosomes (SW480 vs. SW620). Our findings of the specific enrichment of glycolysis enzymes in primary tumor-derived exosomes contribute to a better understanding of tumor microenvironment modulation and heterogeneity between primary tumors and metastases.
Molecular characterization of VP6 and NSP4 genes of unusual G and P Rotavirus group A isolated from children with acute gastroenteritis
Authors: Dellis Charilaos , Tatsi Elizabeth Barbara , Koukou Dimitra-Maria , Filippatos Filippos , Vetouli Evangelia , Michos Athanasios , Syriopoulou Vasiliki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Group A Rotavirus (RVA), which causes acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide, is categorized mainly based on VP7 (genotype G) and VP4 (genotype P) genes. Genotypes that circulate at < 1% are considered unusual. Important genes are also VP6 (genotype I) and NSP4 (genotype E). VP6 establishes the group and affects immunogenicity, while NSP4, as enterotoxin, is responsible for the clinical symptoms. Aim of this study was to genotype and molecularly characterize the VP6 and NSP4 genes of unusual RVA. Unusual RVA strains extracted from fecal samples of children ≤ 16 years with AGE, were genotyped in VP6 and NSP4 genes with Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetics was performed using MEGA 11. In a 15-year period (2007–2021), 54.8% (34/62) of unusual RVA were successfully I and E genotyped. Three different I and E genotypes were identified; I2 (73.5%, 25/34) and E2 (35.3%, 12/34) were the commonest. E3 genotype was detected from 2017 onwards. The uncommon combination of I2-E3 was found in 26.5%(9/34) of the strains and G3-P[9]-I2-E3 was the most frequent G-P-I-E combination (20.6%,7/34). Statistical analysis showed that children infected with E2 strains had a higher relative frequency of dehydration(50%) compared to those with E3 genotype(p = 0.019). Multiple substitutions were detected in both genes, but their functional effect remains unknown. The results of this study highlight the genetic diversity of RVA strains but should be interpreted with caution as they are not based on whole genome sequencing. Continuous surveillance of the RVA based on the whole genome will provide a better knowledge of its evolution.
Effectiveness of Edoxaban in Portal Vein Thrombosis Associated with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Tadokoro Tomoko , Tani Joji , Manabe Takushi , Takuma Kei , Nakahara Mai , Oura Kyoko , Mimura Shima , Fujita Koji , Nomura Takako , Morishita Asahiro , Kobara Hideki , Himoto Takashi , Ono Masafumi , Masaki Tsutomu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) worsens the long-term prognosis of patients with cirrhosis; however, the optimal treatment remains to be determined. Reports on the efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants are increasing, and further evidence is needed. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of treatment with edoxaban in patients with PVT. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of edoxaban and warfarin as antithrombotic therapies for PVT. The median overall survival time was 4.2 years in patients with PVT, with a 1-year survival rate of 70.7% and a 5-year survival rate of 47.9%. The leading cause of death was hepatocellular carcinoma. Compared to warfarin, edoxaban significantly improved PVT. In addition, edoxaban provided long-term improvement of PVT. Warfarin, on the other hand, was temporarily effective but did not provide long-term benefits. The Child-Pugh and albumin-bilirubin scores did not change after edoxaban or warfarin use. No deaths occurred due to adverse events associated with edoxaban or warfarin. Edoxaban as a single agent can achieve long-term thrombolysis without compromising the hepatic reserves. Edoxaban is easy to initiate, even in an outpatient setting, and could become a major therapeutic agent for the treatment of PVT.
The effectiveness of aromatherapy on stress management in nurses: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: wang meichang , Zhang Huan , Zeng Xiao-li , Li Jing-zhi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of aromatherapy on stress management in nurses.
Design: Meta-analysis.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. We systematically searched English databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science) and Chinese databases (CNKI, CBM, Wan Fang, and VIP) for randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of lavender on stress in nurses. We assessed the risk of bias within studies with the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager (version 5.4).
Results: A total of 10 RCTs with 591 nurses were included. Meta-analysis showed that aromatherapy had a significant difference for reducing nurses' stress SMD= -0.37, 95% CI (-0.53, -0.21), P=0.001) , systolic blood pressure(SMD =-4.36, 95%CI [-7.94, -0.78], P = 0.12) , and diastolic blood pressure(SMD = -3.68, 95% CI[ -6.41, -0.95], P = 0.02). No signifificant difference in heart rate was found between the aromatic group and control group (SMD = -2.15, 95% CI [-4.79, -0.49], P = 0.65).
Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis study showed that aromatherapy can be effective at relieving nurses' stress. For more precise and dependable results, forthcoming research could allocate more significant resources toward original, high-quality investigations to further explore the effects of different types, doses, and concentrations of essential oil therapy on stress in nurses. In addition, nursing managers may consider arranging regular aromatherapy interventions for their staff to enhance their psychological regulation function, maintain their physical and mental well-being, and reduce stress levels to provide optimal medical care to patients.
Comparing physiological role of L-methionine (sulphur containing amino acid) and its encapsulated nano-form on growth and crop productivity of onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Khater M. A. , Zaki Faten S.A. , Dawood M. G. , El-Awadi M. E. , Elsayed A. E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at a private farm at Sakha Region, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, during the winter seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The experiment aimed to study the physiological response of onion plants to foliar spraying with methionine (50, 75 and 100 mg/L) and its nanoparticles (5, 10 and 15 mg/L). It is obvious from results that all applied treatments induced significant increases in most investigated parameters. The most significant and pronounced treatments were PEG- encapsulated methionine at 5mg/L followed by 100 mg/L methionine relative to control. It is worthy to mention that PEG- encapsulated methionine at 5mg/L significantly increased vegetative growth parameters (dry weight of leaves /plant by 144.62% and bulb fresh weight by 125.28%); total soluble solids by 59.53%; total photosynthetic pigments by 210.81%;indole acetic acid by 54.34%;and yielded bulb fresh weight by 60.70%. In addition, PEG- encapsulated methionine at 5 mg/L significantly increased total phenolic content by 1.18 times; flavonoid by1.26 times; free amino acid by 1.92 times; protein by 1.37 times; and total soluble sugars by 1.66 times relative to control. The least increases were recorded due to methionine at 50 mg/L and PEG- encapsulated methionine at 15 mg/L relative to control. It could be concluded that PEG- encapsulated methionine at low doses (5 mg/L) may be used as promising technique to increase onion productivity and quality.
The heterogenous effects of regulatory complexity: Evidence from more than 200k Spanish norms
Authors: Mora-Sanguinetti Juan S. , Quintana Javier , Soler Isabel , Spruk Rok 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We analyze the impact of regulatory complexity on economic activity and its heterogeneous impact on firms. We use a novel database that classifies more than 200,000 regulations adopted in Spain between 1995 and 2020. Exploiting this rich database, we are able to estimate the exposure to regulatory complexity of industries located in different Spanish sub-national regions. We find that an increase in regulatory complexity has an impact on economic activity, reducing employment. Entry of new firms in sectors-regions exposed to higher regulatory complexity is also lower. These effects are heterogeneous across firms, with negative effects concentrated in smaller and more recently established firms. This evidence emphasizes the importance of both the aggregate and distributional impact of regulatory complexity.
JEL CODES: K2; R11; J00; E02.
Assessment of the photoprotective potential and structural characterization of secondary metabolites of Antarctic fungus Arthrinium sp
Authors: Jordão Ana Carolina , Santos Gustavo Souza , Teixeira Thaiz Rodrigues , Gluzezak Ana Júlia Pasuch , Azevedo Clarissa Bechuate Souza , Pereira Karina Castro , Tonani Ludmilla , Gaspar Lorena Rigo , Kress Márcia Regina Von Zeska , Colepicolo Pio , Debonsi Hosana Maria 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Interest in Antarctic fungi has been growing due to their ability to survive in the harsh environment, suggesting the presence of compounds for human use. Due to the damaging effects of sunlight, sunscreen use has been growing but, scientific evidence has pointed to the toxic potential of UV filters for human and environment, leading to a ban the use of UV filters (avobenzone and oxybenzone) in some locations. So, this work evaluated the photoprotective potential of molecules from sustainable marine sources (seaweed-derived fungi), aiming to discover natural, efficient, and safer UV filter alternatives. Thus, photoprotective and antioxidant activity of metabolites from Arthrinium sp. was investigated. Six compounds (1-6) were isolated: 3-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol (1), (-)-orthosporin (2), norlichexanthone (3), anomalin B (4), anomalin A (5) and agonodepside B (6), being 1, 2, 6 not reported in Arthrinium. Fraction F showed excellent absorbance in both UVA and UVB, while compound 6 presented lower absorbance in the UVB region. Fraction F and compound 6 were considered photostable and non-phototoxic on HaCaT cells. Both showed antioxidant activity against UVA induced intracellular ROS production, in keratinocyte monolayers and in reconstructed human skin models (reduction of 34.6% and 30.2% in fluorescence) and both can be considered for use in sunscreens. Fraction F presented higher absorption in UVB and UVA than (6), which can be due to synergism and did not present any irritation potential in HET-CAM assay. The fraction presented the advantage of not needing further purifications, however clinical studies should be performed to confirm its potential.
On metaheuristic aided structural topology optimization method for heat sink design with low electromagnetic interference
Authors: Ali Musaddiq Al , Shimoda Masatoshi , Benaissa Brahim , Kobayashi Masakazu , Takeuchi Tsunehiro , Al-Shawk Ameer , Ranjbar Sina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the application of the Metaheuristic Aided Structural Topology Optimization (MASTO) method as a novel approach to address the multiphysics design challenge of creating a heat sink with both high heat conductivity and minimal Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). A distinctive 2D layout with elongated fins is examined for electromagnetic traits, highlighting resonance-related EMI concerns. MASTO proves to be a valuable tool for navigating the complex design space, yielding thoughtfully optimized solutions that harmonize efficient heat dissipation with effective EMI control. By merging simulation findings with practical observations, this study underscores the potential of the MASTO method in achieving effective designs for intricate multiphysics optimization problems. Specifically, the method's capacity to address the complex interplay of heat transfer with convection and the suppression of electromagnetic emissions is showcased. Moreover, the study demonstrates the feasibility of translating these solutions into tangible outcomes through manufacturing processes.
Re-analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data provides insights into the roles of cycling myeloid cells in tissue repair
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Shi Jingsong , Wang Liangge , Liu Xinjie , Cao Zemin , Ning Guangzhi , Feng Shiqing , Gao Shan , Yao Xue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As the resident macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS), microglial cells are responsible for the innate immunity of the brain and spinal cord. Based on many previous studies, it is well accepted that the large increase in microglia after CNS damage involves both the expansion of endogenous resident microglia and the acute, active recruitment of bone marrow–derived microglia progenitors. However, a comparatively new study has presented a different conclusion, stating that repopulated microglia are solely derived from the proliferation of residual microglia after acute depletion. Cycling myeloid cells are often detected in a distinct cluster using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets, however, they were not recognized for their research value before. By our analysis, cycling myeloid cells belong to a specific cell type, which serves as a direct progenitor population for differentiation into microglia. For the first time, these cells have been linked with microglia, monocytes, and macrophages, which is a pivotal step to reveal the mechanisms underlying microglia repopulation after CNS injury. The present study sets the stage for intensive studies on these cycling myeloid cells in the future, which have significant implications for the understanding of their origins and roles as the immune progenitor cells in various physiological and pathological processes, particularly those related to spinal cord injury and breast cancer, leading to develop targeted therapies or interventions.
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) does not imply the vast majority of Sri Lankan oral cancer patients
Authors: Perera Manosha Lakmali , Perera Irosha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One study on Sri Lankan oral cancer patients and healthy individuals suggested Sri Lanka as a non-endemic country for KSHV with low seroprevalence, without recording at least the oral risk habits of the patients. This made a research question; does Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) imply the vast majority of Sri Lankan oral cancer patients? Thus, the present study aimed at the status of HHV-8 DNA in a subsample of the vast majority of Sri Lankan oral cancer patients. Ethical clearance and written consent from the participants were obtained. Incisional biopsies of hits to pathologically confirmed cases were collected, transported, stored, dispatched and restored as frozen tissues at -800 C. The DNA was extracted from frozen specimens using Gentra Puregene Tissue kit (Qiagen, Germany), solid tissue protocol according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The real-time PCR was performed with the specific primers and adequate controls to detect HHV- 8 in these OSCC cases. Sociodemographic, Oral Hygiene Practices, Oral Hygiene Status, and Clinical and Oral Risk Habit data were obtained by a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire and were entered and analyzed using the SPSS-21 Statistical Package. HHV-8 DNA was not detected in 29 OSCC cases. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) does not imply the vast majority of Sri Lankan oral cancer patients. Powered studies are recommended.
Immunocytochemistry as an Ancillary Technique in the Cytologic Diagnosis of Synovial Sarcoma: Lock With Cell Block
Authors: Dani Aarti Ashok , Kamal Meharbano M , Swati Kalantri Swati 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Synovial sarcomas are rare tumors accounting for approximately 5-10% of soft tissue sarcomas. For synovial sarcomas that arise at unusual locations, cytologic diagnosis is challenging despite characteristic cytomorphologic features.
Material and Methods: The use of ancillary diagnostic procedures such as immunocytochemistry (ICC) using cell blocks and molecular genetic techniques using aspirated material help in the confirmation of diagnosis. During the period of 18 months from Nov 16 to Feb 18 we reported three cases of SS that occurred in rare locations with the help of ICC on cell blocks in 2 cases and IHC in the third case.
Results: Cells arranged in bundles, perivascular arrangement, tight clusters, acini & singly. Cells are elongated, oval to spindle, presence of uni or bipolar cytoplasmic processes with mildly pleomorphic , hyperchromatic nuclei & fine granular chromatin. TLE1 was positive in all 3 cases.
Conclusion: TLE1 marker is an extremely useful marker that distinguishes SS from other cytological & histological mimics.
The objective of the present study was to call attention and also highlight the variable cytology of synovial sarcoma arising at rare locations. Furthermore, we discuss use of adjunctive ICC on cell blocks that help to lock the diagnosis.
Study of Histopathological Changes in Fibroadenoma of the Breast
Authors: P Sneha , Yevoor Kavitha 
Published: September 2023

Background: Fibroadenoma of the breast is a relatively frequently occurring tumor. Although often considered a benign tumour, several reports describe a higher risk of subsequent breast carcinoma in patients diagnosed with fibroadenoma. Increased risk depends on presence of complex changes within fibroadenoma, presence of hyperplasia and positive family history for breast cancer.
Aims and Objectives: Our main aim was to study the histological variations within the fibroadenoma of the breast and also to identify those lesions with the possible risk of malignancy.
Methods: Descriptive study of three years. A total of 250 cases of fibroadenoma were studied. Slides were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) and were thoroughly reviewed. Slides were screened for proliferative epithelial changes, fibrocystic epithelial changes, stromal changes and various other changes such as foci of tubular adenoma and phyllodes tumour. Slides with invasive malignancies were excluded from the study.
Result: Apocrine change among fibrocystic changes was the commonest variation within the fibroadenoma. Complex fibroadenoma, moderate and atypical ductal hyperplasia was seen in older age groups.
Conclusion: Increased risk of breast cancer is seen patients with presence of hyperplasia and complex fibroadenoma of the breast. So exclusive study of histopathological changes in epithelial and stromal elements of fibroadenoma is required and are essential to be reported so as to alert the clinician for follow up of the patient. This will help in timely management to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Endometriosis : A Rare Etiology for Small Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Sutradhar Arpita , Ghatak Supriyo , Gulati Sumit , Roy Ramdip , Basu Amarnath , Basak Arnab 
Published: September 2023

Endometriosis affecting gastrointestinal tract has been reported in 3-37% of menstruating women. It is seen in the recto-sigmoid, caecum, small bowel and the appendix in decreasing frequency. Involvement of the ileum by endometriosis is quite rare ,1-7% cases have been documented..Endometriosis of ileal segment of gastrointestinal tract leading to intestinal obstruction ranges from 7% to 23%.We report a 40 year. old female who presented with complete intestinal obstruction ten days with history of recurrent subacute intestinal obstruction for one year. She was previously treated with empirical Antitubercular drug to which she did not respond. Now histology of the resected specimen showed endometriosis in muscular propria and submucosa , leading to fibrosis and stricture formation.
A Case of ACTH Independent Macronodular Adrenocortical Hyperplasia Presenting with Conns Syndrome
Authors: Menon Neethika , Padmanabhan Anitha , Gadgil Nitin M , Patil Milind V 
Published: September 2023

Backgound: ACTH Independent macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (AIMAH)is a rare cause of hyperaldosteronism and is characterised by bilateral adrenal hyperplasia . One of the most common presenting symptoms is refractory hypertension. Clinical features and hypertension usually resolve following adrenalectomy. Timely diagnosis of such conditions are pertinent as they are completely treatable and thus prevents further comorbidities associated with hypertension and hypokalemia like arrhythmia.
Case Presentation: A 57 year old male patient presented with unresolved hypertension since 15 years even after treatment with three different antihypertensives drugs since last one year. He was detected with raised serum aldosterone levels. Adrenal venous sampling showed lateralisation to the left adrenal. CT abdomen and pelvis revealed enlarged and nodular left adrenal gland and a bulky right adrenal gland. Laparoscopic left adrenalectomy was performed. Grossly left adrenal showed multiple well circumscribed yellow coloured nodules restricted to the cortex. Microscopy showed multiple well circumscribed unencapsulated nodules comprising of compact cells with clear to vacuolated cytoplasm and round central nucleus along with few foci of myelometaplasia.
Conclusion: Conns syndrome causes a high rate of mortality and morbidity of left untreated. Serum aldosterone, serum cortisol and serum electrolyte levels should be carried out in every case of refractory hypertension to rule out adrenocortical lesions. Timely diagnosis goes a long way in reducing morbidities associated with hypertension and dyselectrolytemia.