bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Return to sports after pediatric traumatic brain injury: An expert panel survey
Authors: Hansen Colby , Capizzi Allison N. , Gavern Nick , Codden Rachel R. , Millar Morgan M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThere are no evidence based guidelines for clinicians to follow in advising pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) on return to play (RTP).ObjectiveTo understand practice patterns of experts in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) in relation to how they assess severity of TBI and guide return to play (RTP) decisions with their patients who sustain complicated mild, moderate, or severe TBI.DesignCross‐sectional web‐based survey.SettingNot applicable.ParticipantsThirty experts (defined by attesting to their clinical management of children with TBI and demonstrating a history of publication in the area of pediatric TBI including mild TBI) represented by physical medicine and rehabilitation, neurology, neurosurgery, sports medicine, and neuropsychology. Fifty‐five candidates were invited, 37 responded (67% response rate), and 30 were eligible to participate.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome Measure(s)Ratings of agreement as to the relative importance of a variety of factors used to assess initial severity of injury as well as to measure recovery. RTP timelines were measured for different scenarios (adjusted by level of risk of activity returned to and the severity of initial injury sustained). Finally, ratings of agreement with various factors that could influence their RTP decision making as well as a free text option.ResultsRecommendations on RTP timing varied significantly based on risk of activity returned to for all levels of TBI severity (p < .05). There was large variability of RTP timeline for any given level of injury severity. There was no significant association between medical specialty and RTP recommendations. Experts also noted a variety of factors which may inform their RTP decision making, many with high agreement.ConclusionsThese results can inform clinicians who care for these patients in their own RTP decision making. The description of these RTP trends, in combination with the variability seen in both severity determination and recovery assessment, highlight the importance of further study of outcomes related to RTP and the eventual development of standardized guidelines for this patient population.
The ‘Digital Transformation for Development’ Anti‐Politics Machine: A Case Study on Global Digital Development Governance and Public‐Sector Digital Transformation in Uganda
Authors: Kalema Nai Lee 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHegemonic digital transformation for development (DX4D) initiatives, global digital development initiatives concerning the public sector, function as a contemporary ‘anti‐politics machine’. This is evidenced by the global extractive and surveillant dynamics surrounding these initiatives' core projects, such as digital public infrastructures. Despite being a global policy initiative focusing on bureaucratic reform and infrastructural development, hegemonic DX4D initiatives are usually presented as technocratic and depoliticised transformations, obscuring the value‐extractive dynamics, network paradigms, infrastructural control mechanisms emerging around them, especially concerning digital sovereignty. The DX4D anti‐politics machine refers to depoliticised and value‐extractive global digital development policy initiatives extending the bureaucratic reach of state and non‐state actors into public systems while obscuring global hegemonic actors' advancement of infrastructural ideologies and use of coercive mechanisms to supplant the strategic interests of powerful global actors over the public value. The ‘DX4D anti‐politics machine' concept examines how infrastructural ideologies are operationalised through global development and humanitarian initiatives with implications for governments, governance, and well‐being. The ‘DX4D anti‐politics machine’ is empirically examined through a qualitative case study of several large‐scale foundational DX4D projects in Uganda. The DX4D anti‐politics machine's coercive dynamics and implications for many Global South countries are examined, and its conceptual contribution is discussed.
Agglomeration Behavior and Kinetics of Polybutadiene Particles in the Polymer Agglomeration Process
Authors: Zhao Li , Lu Shulai , Chen Ming , Wang Yuchao , Ning Lei , Zhao Shicheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe agglomeration of polybutadiene latex (PBL) is a complex process influenced by numerous factors. Up to now, the change of particle size of agglomerated PBL with time under varying conditions remains unclear, and the agglomeration kinetic model of PBL has not been proposed. In this study, the influence of the process parameters on the particle size of agglomerated PBL with time was studied, including the amount of agglomerating agent, temperature, stirring rate, and solid content of PBL. According to the particle size evolution of agglomerated PBL, the agglomeration process of PBL is divided into two stages, including the dispersion of the agglomerating agent and its adsorption and coalescence with PBL (stage I), followed by the shrinkage of agglomerated PBL particles (stage II). It was found that the process of stage I can be accelerated significantly by increasing the amount of agglomerating agent and agglomeration temperature during PBL agglomeration, thereby reducing the total agglomeration time. The mean particle size of agglomerated PBL was also reduced when the agglomeration process reached stability. With the increase of stirring rate, the time required for agglomeration of PBL and the mean particle size of agglomerated PBL decrease. The higher the solid content of pre‐agglomerate PBL, the shorter the time for PBL to complete the agglomeration, but it has no obvious effect on the mean particle size of agglomerated PBL. Based on the experimental results, on the one hand, a novel method for expressing the particle size shrinkage of agglomerated PBL was developed. This analysis was based on the change of mean particle size of agglomerated PBL with time. On the other hand, the Boltzmann equation was used to fit the agglomeration kinetics of the whole process of PBL agglomeration. The results showed that the predicted values were in good agreement with the experimental values when PBL was agglomerated under different process parameters. Knowledge obtained from this study will provide insight into the influence of process parameters on the particle size of agglomerated PBL over time, and the establishment of kinetic models can help the industrial development of PBL agglomeration technology.
Effectiveness of Psychological Interventions in Improving Relationship Functioning Among Couples Coping With Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ma Hongen , Yang Yi , Li Yingna , Cariola Laura , Gillanders David 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThere is an increasing amount of literature acknowledging the significance of addressing the psychosocial impact of prostate cancer (PCa) on couples' relationship functioning and well‐being. However, research on developing and evaluating psychological interventions for individuals and couples coping with PCa remains limited. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate and synthesise the effectiveness of psychological interventions in improving the relationship functioning of couples affected by PCa and to identify the moderating role of several methodological characteristics of intervention studies.MethodsFive databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Global Health, and Cochrane Library were searched up to September 2024. Twenty‐three studies with randomised trials and a total sample size of 3333 participants were included. Random effects meta‐analyses for relationship functioning, sensitivity analysis for outliers, and publication bias analysis were conducted.ResultsThe results showed that psychological interventions had a non‐significant trivial effect (g = 0.06, p = 0.328) on improving relationship functioning among couples coping with PCa. Subgroup analyses identified two potential moderators: firstly, the intervention format (conjoint vs. individual; p = 0.005), and secondly, the intervention frequency (session number < 6 vs. session number ≥ 6; p = 0.004).ConclusionsThe findings suggest that more high‐quality intervention studies are needed to improve the relationship functioning of those affected by PCa, with screening processes to select more representative samples at entry. The implications for clinical practice highlight the need to tailor interventions to the specific needs of couples coping with PCa.
Anticipatory and Compensatory Postural Adjustments in Sitting and Standing Positions During Functional Activities in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Vasani Priyal , Narayan Amitesh , Nayak Akshatha , Alsulaimani Mohammed , Alzahrani Abdul Rahman 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and purposeAnticipatory postural adjustments (APA) and compensatory postural adjustments (CPA) have played a vital role in postural control since early childhood, which is critical to accomplishing activities in daily life. However, literature indicated dissimilarities and inconsistencies in APA and CPA analysis in sitting and standing positions in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Thus, this study analyzed the changes in postural control (APA and CPA) through the postural muscles [rectus abdominis (RA) and erector spinae (ES)] in both standing and sitting positions during functional activities (grasping a ball) in children with CP.MethodsChildren with CP [N = 21] aged 5–13 years having GMFCS levels I (n = 12) and II (n = 9) participated. Surface electromyography (EMG) was performed for postural muscles (ES and RA) to measure the APA and CPA with two types of loads (heavy and light) in both sitting and standing positions.ResultsChildren with CP showed increased EMG amplitude for APA and CPA with a heavier load than light load in sitting and standing positions. The EMG amplitude of CPA in sitting and standing for both load conditions was significantly higher than that of APA.DiscussionThe findings suggest rehabilitation programs should enhance APA and CPA through targeted exercises and load management strategies. These insights have the potential to inform clinical practices, improve postural stability, and ultimately strengthen the ability of children with CP to perform daily activities with greater ease and confidence, thereby significantly impacting the quality of life.
Laser scarecrows reduce avian corn‐foraging propensity but not bout length in aviary trials
Authors: Sieving Kathryn E. , Manz Sean T. , Brown Rebecca N. , Kluever Bryan M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDBehavioral mechanisms underlying avian deterrence by lasers in sweet corn are not known, and we evaluated them in a rigorous aviary experiment. Eighteen flocks of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) foraged on sweet corn for several days in control and laser treated plots with ripe sweet corn while data were collected on where birds were distributed and how long birds foraged on corn. In 16 trials, fresh ears were presented on wooden sticks, and in two trials birds foraged on natural corn grown from seed. Birds were sexed and boldness scores were obtained. We predicted that (a) birds would avoid foraging on ears in laser plots and (b) if they did feed, lasers would reduce foraging bout duration.RESULTSLaser treatments reduced the probability that birds would feed on sweet corn ears, and to a striking degree in Natural Trials. We did not detect direct effects of laser exposure on foraging bout duration, but when corn foliage was low, bolder birds foraged longer in laser plots.CONCLUSIONWe provide the first quantification of bird foraging behavior in laser treated corn. The central mechanism underlying the effectiveness of laser scarecrows at reducing sweet corn damage is the prevention of settlement of depredating birds onto ripe ears. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
The Potential Role of Zika and Dengue Virus Infection in the Urogenital System Disorders: An Overview
Authors: Wang Jie , Yu Zongze , Chen Zhigui , Ye Fangdie , Sun Zhou 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTArboviruses currently are regarded as a major worldwide public health concern. The clinical outcomes associated with this group of viruses may vary from asymptomatic infections to severe forms of haemorrhagic fever characterised by bleeding disorders. Similar to other systemic viral infections, arboviruses can either directly or indirectly affect different parts of the body, such as the urogenital system. The human urogenital system anatomically consists of two major subdivisions: (i) the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, which plays a significant role in osmoregulation, control of blood volume, pressure, and PH, absorption/excretion of different ions, and toxin metabolism, and (ii) the genital system, composed of the prostate, uterus, testes, ovaries, penis, and vagina, which are responsible for reproductive functions. Arboviruses can impair normal urogenital system functions by direct viral pathogen activity, systemic forms of inflammation, haemorrhagic events and related dysfunctions, and the nephrotoxic side effects of specific medications employed for treatment leading to various urogenital disorders. The present review provides an overview of the potential capacity of two main arboviruses, known as Zika and dengue viruses, to affect the urogenital system. Moreover, it addresses Zika virus as a potential therapeutic oncolytic virus for urogenital cancers.
Ultrasound Assisted Domino Strategy for the Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐4‐(indol‐3‐yl)‐4H‐chromenes under Mild Conditions
Authors: Das Priteeparna , Chatterjee Rana , Dandela Rambabu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAn efficient and practical approach has been developed for the rapid synthesis of indolyl‐chromene derivatives. Ultrasound assisted three component reaction of salicylaldehyde, acetophenone and indole leads to the indolyl 4H‐chromene products in good yields. Pyrrolidine base and ethanol medium are employed to achieve desired compounds within short time and at room temperature. We have also shown the catalytic activity and usefulness of the present method by describing the TOF and TON measurement. Beside the present method includes a metal‐free process, greener solvent, broad range of substrate scope, and mild conditions.
One‐Step Synthesis of CdS/S‐Doped G‐C3N4 Composite Catalyst with Promoted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production Ability
Authors: Yang Wenke , Ji Chunyu , Wang Yanjuan , Zhang Jian , Hu Shaozheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractH2O2 is recognized as one of the most significant chemicals, with the extensive applications across various fields. This study presents the in situ synthesis of CdS/S‐doped g‐C3N4 composite photocatalysts (CdS/CNS) via a simple one‐step thermal polymerization method by using thiourea and cadmium nitrate as precursors. The synthesized materials were characterized by using XRD, N2 adsorption, UV–vis, XPS, TEM, ESR, EIS, and PL analysis. Experimental results have indicated that the H2O2 production rate on CdS/CNS composite photocatalyst was 4.2 times higher than that of single CNS under visible light illumination, as well as the commendable catalytic stability. The formed photocatalytic system effectively reduced the recombination rate of photo‐generated electron‐hole pairs, promoted the response range of visible light, and enhanced the specific surface area of the catalyst. A preliminary discussion on potential reaction mechanisms was also provided.
Bioinspired 1D Anisotropic Double‐Spiral Metal Wires for Efficient Fog Harvesting
Authors: Fu Shuangmin , Zhao Jing , Zhou Yongshen , Pei Ke , Guo Zhiguang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInnovative design strategies of fog harvesting devices (FHDs) demonstrate promising remedy for water crisis in arid areas. 1D FHDs ensure unimpeded wind circulation and can be manufactured more cost‐effectively for extensive regions. Inspired by cactus thorns, desert beetles, and spider silk, two metal organic frameworks (MOFs) functionalized Cu wires with opposite wettability are double‐twisted by a mechanical twisting machine, forming 1D double‐spiral Cu wires with alternating superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic dual‐MOF patterns. The biomimic integration design, namely conical microneedle, stripe‐patterned contrasting wettability, and double‐spiral geometry, allows for efficient fog water collection due to a collaborative process. Based on such multi‐cooperation theory, the optimal fog collection efficiency of dual‐MOF functionalized double‐spiral Cu wires can reach 0.293 ± 0.013 g cm−2 min−1 by investigating the effect of the composition, the diameter ratio and twisting wavelength λ of the two constituent wires. The double‐spiral metal wires with discrepant wettability not only propose a facile and cost‐effective method for fog harvesting, but also share new physical insight to inspire novel design concepts for efficient fog collection devices, benefitting the fight against the global water crisis.
Optimizing the Coordination Energy of Co‐Nx Sites by Co Nanoparticles Integrated with Fe‐NCNTs for Boosting PEMFC and Zn‐Air Battery Performance
Authors: Zheng Jie , Lai Chunxu , Chen Wenxuan , Liu Chao , Yuan Tenghui , Lv Jieying , Zhao Bote , Dang Dai , Long Guifa , Wang Tiejun , Han Xiaopeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEnhancing the catalytic performance and durability of M‐N─C catalyst is crucial for the efficient operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and Zn‐Air batteries (ZABs). Herein, an approach is developed for the in situ fabrication of a MOFs‐derived porous carbon material, co‐loaded with Co nanoparticles (NPs) and Co‐Nx sites and integrated onto Fe‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs), named CoNP/SA‐NC/Fe‐NCNTs. Incorporating polymer‐wrapped CNTs improves MOFs dispersion annealing at high temperature, which amplifies the three‐phase boundary (TPB) by generating much more mesopores and exposing additional active sites within the catalysts layer. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the presence of Co NPs promotes the conversion of oxygen‐containing intermediates for Co‐Nx sites. The optimized catalysts display a half‐wave potential of 0.9 V (vs RHE) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and a low overpotential of 327 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media, which significantly outperforms the counterpart single structure, as well as noble‐metal‐based catalysts. Specifically, the PEMFCs and ZABs derived from CoNP/SA‐NC/Fe‐NCNTs catalyst exhibit power densities of 702 and 192 mW cm−2, respectively. This work offers novel insights into the synthesis of the composited bifunctional carbon materials for ZABs and PEMFCs application.
Sacrificial Layer for Sintering Enhancements of Ceramic, Semiconductor, and Metal Films: A Universal Strategy
Authors: Chen Xiangyu , Zhu Jianqin , Tao Zhi , Qiu Lu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe manufacturing of thin films through selective laser sintering of micro/nanoparticles is an emerging technology that has been developing rapidly over the last two decades owing to its digitization, efficiency, and good adaptability to various materials. However, high‐quality laser sintering of different materials remains a challenge: ceramic particles are difficult to be sintered due to low absorbance; metallic particles are prone to oxidation; semiconductor particles are difficult to process for performance enhancement due to high stress. In this work, a new approach is proposed that employs an additional Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) sacrificial layer to assist laser sintering of different functional materials, which detaches after sintering without contaminating the target material. As a laser absorber, the ITO layer can raise the sintering temperature up to 2950 K, resulting in well coarsening of ceramic grains. As an oxygen barrier, the ITO layer maintains the oxidation level of the metal die below 25%. As a temperature homogenizer, the ITO layer delays the cracking and improves the performance of the semiconductor material, which in turn increases its Seebeck factor to 1.4‐fold. Therefore, the ITO sacrificial layer is a material‐friendly, purity‐neutral laser sintering strategy, which supports laser sintering of multi‐materials and high‐performance thin‐film devices.
Concrete strengthening with external prestressed metal straps: A critical review
Authors: Ler Kee‐Hong , Ma Chau‐Khun , Chin Chee‐Loong , Goh Yong‐Zheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExternal confinement can be used to strengthen, repair, and rehabilitate concrete buildings by providing stress laterally. Among various confining techniques, prestressed metal strap (PTMS) stands out as a cost‐effective and eco‐friendly active confining material. Numerous experimental and numerical analyses have been carried out to understand the capabilities of PTMS confinements. To systematically report the current research state of PTMS‐confined concrete, this review collected and analyzed the data obtained from previous research. This paper outlines the effects of PTMS on the strength and ductility of different types of structure elements, as well as the parameters that influence its effectiveness. The durability and seismic resistance of PTMS‐confined concrete are reviewed. This paper also examines the confinement models commonly used or proposed for PTMS‐confined specimens, hybrid techniques applied along with PTMS, and finite element analyses of PTMS‐confined structures. The findings have reached a consensus that PTMS is effective in improving or restoring the strength, ductility, and seismic performance of both intact and damaged concrete structures. More experimental and analytical works, such as durability testing, have to be conducted, and finally, problems of insufficient flexural stiffness improvement and limited effectiveness on prismatic specimens should be addressed to ensure the reliability of PTMS confinements. Additionally, service life estimation and life cycle cost analysis are recommended to assess the practicality of PTMS in real‐world construction.