bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate induced apoptosis by dissociation of c‐FLIP/Ku70 complex in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Shahriari Felordi Mahtab , Alikhani Mehdi , Farzaneh Zahra , Alipour Choshali Mahmoud , Ebrahimi Marzieh , Aboulkheyr Es Hamidreza , Piryaei Abbas , Najimi Mustapha , Vosough Massoud 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnti‐cancer properties of (‐)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) are mediated via apoptosis induction, as well as inhibition of cell proliferation and histone deacetylase. Accumulation of stabilized cellular FLICE‐inhibitory protein (c‐FLIP)/Ku70 complex in the cytoplasm inhibits apoptosis through interruption of extrinsic apoptosis pathway. In this study, we evaluated the anti‐cancer role of EGCG in gastric cancer (GC) cells through dissociation of c‐FLIP/Ku70 complex. MKN‐45 cells were treated with EGCG or its antagonist MG149 for 24 h. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and quantitative RT‐PCR. Protein expression of c‐FLIP and Ku70 was analysed using western blot and immunofluorescence. Dissociation of c‐FLIP/Ku70 complex as well as Ku70 translocation were studied by sub‐cellular fractionation and co‐immunoprecipitation. EGCG induced apoptosis in MKN‐45 cells with substantial up‐regulation of P53 and P21, down‐regulation of c‐Myc and Cyclin D1 as well as cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M check points. Moreover, EGCG treatment suppressed the expression of c‐FLIP and Ku70, decreased their interaction while increasing the Ku70 nuclear content. By dissociating the c‐FLIP/Ku70 complex, EGCG could be an alternative component to the conventional HDAC inhibitors in order to induce apoptosis in GC cells. Thus, its combination with other cancer therapy protocols could result in a better therapeutic outcome.
Care manager, older adult, and caregiver perspectives on co‐occurring care management among high‐need older adults
Authors: Nothelle Stephanie , Nkodo Amelie , Fiddler Kathryn , Litman Jessica , Sleppy Rosalie , Brancati Francesca , Boyd Cynthia M. , Wolff Jennifer L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCare management programs are widely used to improve care coordination and management of chronic conditions for high‐need older adults. With many care management programs targeting a small number of people, high‐need older adults may receive services from more than one care management program (co‐occurring care management), the implications of which are unknown.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 37 care managers, 15 older adults, and 13 caregivers, who were recruited through an urban academic medical center and a large rural health system in Maryland. We analyzed interview transcripts using qualitative content analysis with the aim of understanding contributors to, implications of, and strategies to manage co‐occurring care management among high‐need older adults.ResultsContributors to co‐occurring care management included siloed programs due to program‐specific financial incentives and inability to easily identify other involved care managers, and the complex needs of the enrolled older adult population, which motivated involvement of more than one program. Implications of co‐occurring care management included older adults and caregivers feeling cared for and safe when they had multiple care management programs involved and reporting value in their relationships with care managers. Older adults were identified as having greater access to resources and improved care when care manager roles were aligned in a complementary way; however, misaligned roles posed the potential for confusion about care manager accountability for tasks and resulted in frustration and lack of follow‐through. Strategies for managing co‐occurring care management included alignment of care manager roles through communication and negotiation and older adults and caregivers identifying and relying on a single care manager with whom they had the strongest relationship.ConclusionsInitiatives that clarify strengthen the relationship between care managers and older adults, increase care manager visibility, and facilitate communication across care managers may help foster collaboration.
Randomized trial of advice from healthcare professionals to eliminate constriction by maternal clothing on the trunk to prevent preterm birth and improve health status
Authors: Kato Sachiko , Takehara Kenji , Sasaki Aiko , Suganuma Hitomi , Kakee Naoko , Inoue Eisuke , Tanigaki Shinji , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimWomen's clothing during pregnancy may influence perinatal outcomes. A preliminary study suggested that midwives' advice to avoid wearing tight clothing during pregnancy may reduce the risk of preterm delivery. We examined the effects of such advice to pregnant women on the risk of preterm birth and health status during pregnancy.MethodsAn open‐label evaluator‐blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted at the National Centre for Child Health and Development in Tokyo, Japan. Normal pregnant women were randomly assigned to receive constrictive clothing elimination care or standard care at 20 weeks gestation. The control group was issued leaflets concerning anemia prevention at entry and skin care at 30 weeks' gestation, along with a brief explanation and answers to questions by midwives as standard care. The intervention group received advice from midwives concerning avoiding constrictive clothing in addition to standard care. The primary outcome was the incidence of preterm birth (<37 weeks). The secondary outcomes were 12 indicators related to preterm delivery or health status.ResultsAmong 624 randomly assigned women, 599 (intervention group, n = 306; control group, n = 293) completed the study between February 2015 and August 2016. The incidence of preterm birth in the intervention and control groups was 4.2% (13/306) and 5.1% (15/293), respectively (p = 0.614). There were no significant differences regarding any secondary outcomes, including obstetric outcomes and physical/mental indicators, during pregnancy.ConclusionsAdvice from midwives to avoid constrictive clothing during pregnancy did not influence the incidence of preterm birth or maternal health status.Trial registration: UMIN000016853 (March 30, 2015).
Mesobiliverdin IXα‐enriched microalgae feed additive eliminates reliance on antibiotic tylosin to promote intestinal health of weaning piglets
Authors: Liao Tz‐Shian , Chen Ching‐Yi , Lin Chuan‐Shun , Chang Cheng‐Wei T. , Takemoto Jon Y. , Lin Yuan‐Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWeaning is a critical period in raising pigs. Novel animal feed additives that promote gut health and regulate immune function of piglets without antibiotics are needed. In this study, we aimed to test the ability of mesobiliverdin IXα‐enriched microalgae (MBV IXα‐enriched microalgae) to eliminate reliance on antibiotics to promote intestinal health in piglets. Eighty 28‐day‐old weaned piglets were randomly allocated to four groups each with four replicate pens and five piglets per pen. The dietary treatments were a basal diet as control (NC), basal diet plus 0.05% tylosin (PC), basal diet plus 0.1% or 0.5% MBV IXα‐enriched microalgae as low (MBV‐SP1) or high (MBV‐SP2) dose respectively. All treated animals showed no significant differences in live weight, average daily gain and feed efficiency compared to control animals. Histological examination showed that MBV‐SP1 and particularly MBV‐SP2 increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum compared to NC (p < 0.05). Similarly, tylosin treatment also increased villi lengths and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum compared to the NC (p < 0.05). MBV‐SP1 and particularly MBV‐SP2 reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐6 and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha in the small intestine. MBV‐SP2 and tylosin similarly reduced the lipid peroxidation marker (TBARS value) in the duodenum and ileum. In conclusion, feed supplementation with MBV IXα‐enriched microalgae improved gut health by villus height and production of immunomodulators that correlated with down‐regulated secretion of inflammatory cytokines.
Examining the reproductive success of bull kelp (Nereocystis luetkeana, Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) in climate change conditions
Authors: Korabik Angela R. , Winquist Tallulah , Grosholz Edwin D. , Hollarsmith Jordan A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractClimate change is affecting marine ecosystems in many ways, including raising temperatures and leading to ocean acidification. From 2014 to 2016, an extensive marine heat wave extended along the west coast of North America and had devastating effects on numerous species, including bull kelp (Nereocystis luetkeana). Bull kelp is an important foundation species in coastal ecosystems and can be affected by marine heat waves and ocean acidification; however, the impacts have not been investigated on sensitive early life stages. To determine the effects of changing temperatures and carbonate levels on Northern California's bull kelp populations, we collected sporophylls from mature bull kelp individuals in Point Arena, CA. At the Bodega Marine Laboratory, we released spores from field‐collected bull kelp, and cultured microscopic gametophytes in a common garden experiment with a fully factorial design crossing modern conditions (11.63 ± 0.54°C and pH 7.93 ± 0.26) with observed extreme climate conditions (15.56 ± 0.83°C and 7.64 ± 0.32 pH). Our results indicated that both increased temperature and decreased pH influenced growth and egg production of bull kelp microscopic stages. Increased temperature resulted in decreased gametophyte survival and offspring production. In contrast, decreased pH had less of an effect but resulted in increased gametophyte survival and offspring production. Additionally, increased temperature significantly impacted reproductive timing by causing female gametophytes to produce offspring earlier than under ambient temperature conditions. Our findings can inform better predictions of the impacts of climate change on coastal ecosystems and provide key insights into environmental dynamics regulating the bull kelp lifecycle.
Within‐individual covariation masks an among‐individual performance tradeoff in the prairie lizard
Authors: Lang K. L. , Gifford M. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo understand fitness consequences of performance, one must determine how underlying physiological traits result in and constrain performance. Biochemical and mechanistic investment in a performance trait may cause decreased performance elsewhere: a performance tradeoff, indicating performance specialization in a population. (Co)variation exists within individuals, and among individuals, populations, and species. Conflicting patterns of among‐individual and within‐individual covariation may eliminate, or mask, the relationship at the phenotypic level. Multivariate mixed‐effects models (MMMs) model within‐individual and among‐individual variation separately. We used MMMs to test for relationships between physiological and performance traits associated with locomotion in the prairie lizard Sceloporus consobrinus, and tested for tradeoffs at multiple hierarchical levels. We then compared these results to the conventional Pearson correlations. We found a significant among‐individual tradeoff between endurance and climbing speed. Positive covariation within individuals masked the tradeoff at the phenotypic level. Sprint speed positively covaried with climbing speed. Excluding anaerobic scope, which was associated with endurance, no measured physiological traits were predictive of locomotor performance. These data indicate that performance specialization exists among prairie lizards and contribute to a growing body of literature that have successfully used MMMs to uncover performance tradeoffs which may have been masked using conventional methods.
Respiratory syncytial virus entry mechanism in host cells: A general overview
Authors: Cadena‐Cruz C. , Villarreal Camacho J. L. , De Ávila‐Arias Marcio , Hurtado‐Gomez Leidy , Rodriguez Alexander , San‐Juan‐Vergara Homero 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a virus that causes acute respiratory infections in neonates and older adults. To infect host cells, the attachment glycoprotein (G) interacts with a cell surface receptor. This interaction determines the specific cell types that are susceptible to infection. RSV possesses a type I fusion protein F. Type I fusion proteins are metastable when rearrangement of the prefusion F occurs; the fusion peptide is exposed transforming the protein into postfusion form. The transition between the prefusion form and its postfusion form facilitates the viral envelope and the host cell membrane to fuse, enabling the virus to enter the host cell. Understanding the entry mechanism employed by RSV is crucial for developing effective antiviral therapies. In this review, we will discuss the various types of viral fusion proteins and explore the potential entry mechanisms utilized by RSV. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will provide valuable insights for the development of novel approaches to treat RSV infections.
Global seed dormancy patterns are driven by macroclimate but not fire regime
Authors: Rosbakh Sergey , Carta Angelino , Fernández‐Pascual Eduardo , Phartyal Shyam S. , Dayrell Roberta L. C. , Mattana Efisio , Saatkamp Arne , Vandelook Filip , Baskin Jerry , Baskin Carol 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Seed dormancy maximizes plant recruitment in habitats with variation in environmental suitability for seedling establishment. Yet, we still lack a comprehensive synthesis of the macroecological drivers of nondormancy and the different classes of seed dormancy: physiological dormancy, morphophysiological dormancy and physical dormancy.
We examined current geographic patterns and environmental correlates of global seed dormancy variation. Combining the most updated data set on seed dormancy classes for > 10 000 species with > 4 million georeferenced species occurrences covering all of the world's biomes, we test how this distribution is driven by climate and fire regime.
Seed dormancy is prevalent in seasonally cold and dry climates. Physiological dormancy occurs in relatively dry climates with high temperature seasonality (e.g. temperate grasslands). Morphophysiological dormancy is more common in forest‐dominated, cold biomes with comparatively high and evenly distributed precipitation. Physical dormancy is associated with dry climates with strong seasonal temperature and precipitation fluctuations (e.g. deserts and savannas). Nondormancy is associated with stable, warm and wetter climates (e.g. tropical rain forest). Pyroclimate had no significant effect on the distribution of seed dormancy.
The environmental drivers considered in this study had a comparatively low predictive power, suggesting that macroclimate is just one of several global drivers of seed dormancy.
SmCSP4 from aphid saliva stimulates salicylic acid‐mediated defence responses in wheat by interacting with transcription factor TaWKRY76
Authors: Zhang Yong , Fu Yu , Liu Xiaobei , Francis Frédéric , Fan Jia , Liu Huan , Wang Qian , Sun Yu , Zhang Yumeng , Chen Julian 
Published: August 2023

SummaryAphid salivary proteins are critical in modulating plant defence responses. Grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi is an important wheat pest worldwide. However, the molecular basis for the regulation of the plant resistance to cereal aphids remains largely unknown. Here, we show that SmCSP4, a chemosensory protein from S. miscanthi saliva, is secreted into wheat plants during aphid feeding. Delivery of SmCSP4 into wheat leaves activates salicylic acid (SA)‐mediated plant defence responses and subsequently reduces aphid performance by deterring aphid feeding behaviour. In contrast, silencing SmCSP4 gene via nanocarrier‐mediated RNAi significantly decreases the ability of aphids to activate SA defence pathway. Protein–protein interaction assays showed that SmCSP4 directly interacts with wheat transcriptional factor TaWRKY76 in plant nucleus. Furthermore, TaWRKY76 directly binds to the promoter of SA degradation gene Downy Mildew Resistant 6 (DMR6) and regulates its gene expression as transcriptional activator. SmCSP4 secreted by aphids reduces the transcriptional activation activity of TaWRKY76 on DMR6 gene expression, which is proposed to result in increases of SA accumulation and enhanced plant immunity. This study demonstrated that SmCSP4 acts as salivary elicitor that is involved in activating SA signalling defence pathway of wheat by interacting with TaWRKY76, which provide novel insights into aphid‐cereal crops interactions and the molecular mechanism on induced plant immunity.
A meta‐analysis of aquaculture technical efficiency studies
Authors: Samat Narimah , Goh Kim Huat , See Kok Fong , Ibrahim Rabiatul Adawiyah , Chan Ngai Weng , Tan Mou Leong , Lee Lai Kuan , Seow Ta Wee , Sabjan Muhammad Azizan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs the world population grows, the aquaculture sector faces challenges in the use of production systems to ensure the adequacy of the food supply. Technical efficiency analysis has been shown to be useful for improving resource management and production. This study provides a literature update and uses meta‐regression analysis to examine the variations in aquaculture mean technical efficiency (MTE) scores based on 101 studies published from 1998 to 2023. The findings show that studies with larger model dimensions, different output measures, an input‐oriented model specification and that analyse the exogenous variables of efficiency scores, freshwater aquaculture, and European data produce a narrower variance in MTE scores. In contrast, studies that use panel data and nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) generate wider variance in MTE scores. As a result of these investigations, the findings suggest the importance of selecting appropriate variables and sample sizes for efficiency estimates. Robustness checks of efficiency scores from the DEA and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) approaches are recommended for future studies. Different policies and regulations should be implemented in different countries and across different farming systems.
Tibet’s response to state nationalism: Utilising China’s fear of secession
Authors: Jnawali Hari Har 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTaking document analysis as its method, this paper examines the Tibetans’ response to the Chinese state nationalism. Due to the fear of political secession, the Chinese government has stayed silent about the Tibetans’ right to self‐determination and subjected regional ethnic autonomy to the centralised political system. The Chinese authorities continue to dismiss the Tibetans’ nationalist struggles as an imported foreign design and warn the international community not to sympathise with the Dalai Lama and his supporters. Amidst an adverse national and international political environment, the Tibetans have managed to sustain their nationalist wishes and obtain substantive international attention. Taking this background into account, this paper explores how the Tibetans have succeeded to resist China's state nationalism and position themselves as a champion of inclusion, justice, and minority rights. It argues that the Tibetans recognise the Chinese government’s fear of secession and utilise that fear to forward their nationalist aspirations. The Tibetans shift their demand from independence to autonomy and highlight their own desire for recognition as a distinct community within the Chinese state. This strategy has helped them to claim that they are against the violations of autonomy but not against the Chinese state’s territorial norms.
Myanmar’s military coup: The Rohingya caught “Between the devil and the deep sea”
Authors: Zahed Iqthyer Uddin Md 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores the consequences of the recent military coup in Myanmar for the Rohingya crisis. Data from seven semi‐structured interviews were collected from academic and Rohingya leaders in the Australian cities of Sydney and Brisbane. The findings suggest that the regime change that has taken place will not resolve the Rohingya crisis unless the Myanmar government moves away from its current anti‐Rohingya, religious nationalism policy agenda. A military coup on 1 February 2021 overthrew the relatively new democratic government in Myanmar. The anti‐military movement now faces the military’s brutal force for restoring democracy in the country. The elected parliament members established an interim National Unity Government (NUG) to lead anti‐military protests. Regarding the military junta and NUG’s strategy concerning the Rohingya crisis, both aim to get international support for their endeavours. The Rohingya became a sacrificial lamb for both of these competitors. The Rohingya now face a dilemma in making the decision to support one or the other political parties, as the leaders of both parties were involved actively in instigating the Rohingya genocide in 2017. The situation for the Rohingya becomes complicated as they now find themselves caught between the ‘devil and the deep sea’.
Negotiating digital urban futures: The limits and possibilities of future‐making in Singapore
Authors: Yeo Si Jie Ivin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper brings into dialogue recent critical scholarship on smart cities and geographies of the future by examining how city dwellers encounter normative visions of the future supplied by government actors under smart urbanisation. I focus specifically on the prosaic but significant ways in which people (re)interpret and (re)produce urban futures in and through their everyday affective and material engagements with digital technologies. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and semi‐structured interviews, I discuss the extent to which state‐promulgated imaginings of digital urban futures projected by electronic payment infrastructures are negotiated by urban inhabitants in Singapore, at both the levels of the individual and the collective. Although there is a tendency in Urban Studies to read the smart city as depoliticising, the findings in this paper suggest that urban dwellers' lived encounters with digital urban futures are characterised and bound up with politics. Furthermore, this paper casts attention on forms of negotiation that emerge not from grassroots movements and/or democratic activism that have so far attracted social and cultural geographers working on the future, but everyday lived practice around the digital. Such a fine‐grained, practice‐based approach productively foregrounds emancipatory potential for reworking and reimagining normative digital urban futures. Equally importantly, it takes seriously the diverse and uneven future‐making capacities of urban inhabitants in the digitally mediated city, contributing to ongoing projects that seek to develop a globally oriented alternative smart urban agenda for cities and urban spaces in the 21st century.