bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated metastasis of the bowel from undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. A case report and a literature review
Authors: Cartillone Mariacristina , Sarvà Iacopo , Mazzone Chiara , Litrico Giorgia , Picardo Maria Carolina , Latteri Francesco Saverio , La Greca Gaetano 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article, we aim to demonstrate that thyroid carcinoma can metastasize to the small bowel. This case report involves a 66-year-old woman who underwent total thyroidectomy surgery in 2019, with histopathology revealing a 3A undifferentiated thyroid cancer. She presented with symptoms of bowel obstruction, including abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Thyroid carcinoma accounts for less than 4% of all malignant neoplasms, making it the most common endocrine malignancy. The predominant type is papillary carcinoma, which generally has a favorable prognosis. In contrast, poorly differentiated thyroid cancers have a poor prognosis, with a 5-year postoperative survival rate of 66%. Common metastatic sites include the lungs, brain, and bones, with rare occurrences in organs such as the kidneys, spleen, adrenal glands, and ovaries. Intestinal metastases are extremely rare, with fewer than 15 cases of gastrointestinal localization documented in the literature. This case highlights the rare possibility of thyroid carcinoma metastasizing to the small bowel, emphasizing the need for clinicians to consider metastatic spread in patients with a history of thyroid cancer who present with gastrointestinal symptoms.
Traumatic brain injury causes early aggregation of beta-amyloid peptides and NOTCH3 reduction in vascular smooth muscle cells of leptomeningeal arteries
Authors: Özen Ilknur , Hamdeh Sami Abu , Ruscher Karsten , Marklund Niklas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to impaired regulation of cerebral blood flow, which may be caused by pathological changes of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the arterial wall. Moreover, these cerebrovascular changes may contribute to the development of various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s-like pathologies that include amyloid beta aggregation. Despite its importance, the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for VSMC dysfunction after TBI have rarely been evaluated. Here, we show that acute human TBI resulted in early pathological changes in leptomeningeal arteries, closely associated with a decrease in VSMC markers such as NOTCH3 and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA).These changes coincided with increased aggregation of variable-length amyloid peptides including Aβ1-40/42, Aβ1-16, and β-secretase-derived fragment (βCTF) (C99) caused by altered processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in VSMCs. The aggregation of Aβ1-40/42 peptides were also observed in the leptomeningeal arteries of young TBI patients. These pathological changes also included higher β-secretase (BACE1) when compared to α-secretase A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) expression in the leptomeningeal arteries, plausibly caused by hypoxia and oxidative stress as shown using human VSMCs in vitro. Importantly, BACE1 inhibition not only restored NOTCH3 signalling but also normalized ADAM10 levels in vitro. Furthermore, we found reduced ADAM10 activity and decreased NOTCH3, along with increased βCTF (C99) levels in mice subjected to an experimental model of TBI. This study provides evidence of early post-injury changes in VSMCs of leptomeningeal arteries that can contribute to vascular dysfunction and exacerbate secondary injury mechanisms following TBI.
Grounded cognition and the representation of momentum: abstract concepts modulate mislocalization
Authors: Friedrich Jannis , Raab Markus , Voigt Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Literature on grounded cognition argues that mental representations of concepts, even abstract concepts, involve modal simulations. These modalities are typically assumed to reside within the body, such as in the sensorimotor system. A recent proposal argues that physical invariants, such as momentum or gravity, can also be substrates in which concepts can be grounded, expanding the assumed limits of grounding beyond the body. We here experimentally assessed this proposal by exploiting the representational momentum effect and the abstract concept of success. If success is grounded in the physical invariant momentum, the representational momentum effect should be larger for successful targets. We tested this hypothesis across four experiments (three pre-registered). In a surprising finding, we find hints that large trial numbers may hinder being able to find a representational momentum effect, which should be further investigated in future research. Regarding the central hypothesis, although only one experiment found statistically significant support, the effect tended toward the same direction in the three others as well. In order to draw robust conclusions about the results, we performed a mini meta, which aggregates the effects and inference statistics across the N = 271 participants. Across the four experiments, this effect was statistically significant, suggesting evidence in favor of the central hypothesis. These results should be interpreted with caution as there was inconsistency across experiments, suggesting the magnitude of the effect is small, and when asked who they believe moved faster, participants did not reliably indicate the successful target.
The spectral $$\zeta $$-function for quasi-regular Sturm–Liouville operators
Authors: Fucci Guglielmo , Piorkowski Mateusz , Stanfill Jonathan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this work, we analyze the spectral

$$\zeta $$

ζ

-function associated with the self-adjoint extensions,

$$T_{A,B}$$

T

A
,
B

, of quasi-regular Sturm–Liouville operators that are bounded from below. By utilizing the Green’s function formalism, we find the characteristic function, which implicitly provides the eigenvalues associated with a given self-adjoint extension

$$T_{A,B}$$

T

A
,
B

. The characteristic function is then employed to construct a contour integral representation for the spectral

$$\zeta $$

ζ

-function of

$$T_{A,B}$$

T

A
,
B

. By assuming a general form for the asymptotic expansion of the characteristic function, we describe the analytic continuation of the

$$\zeta $$

ζ

-function to a larger region of the complex plane. We also present a method for computing the value of the spectral

$$\zeta $$

ζ

-function of

$$T_{A,B}$$

T

A
,
B

at all positive integers. We provide two examples to illustrate the methods developed in the paper: the generalized Bessel and Legendre operators. We show that in the case of the generalized Bessel operator, the spectral

$$\zeta $$

ζ

-function develops a branch point at the origin, while in the case of the Legendre operator it presents, more remarkably, branch points at every nonpositive integer value of s.
Does the 15-minute City Promote Sustainable Travel? Quantifying the 15-minute City and Assessing its Impact on Individual Motorized Travel, Active Travel, Public Transit Ridership and CO2 Emissions
Authors: Colaço Rui , de Abreu e Silva João 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Promoting higher density and implementing mixed land use have long been acknowledged as potentially effective land use based solutions to transportation problems. However, the policy has leaned toward mobility-based solutions, favouring rapid travel instead of high proximity. This tendency seems now to be reversing with the increasing popularity of the 15-minute city. This paper assesses the effectiveness of the 15-minute city in promoting sustainable travel in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. Our research shows that the 15-minute city increases non-motorized travel among its residents by facilitating engagement with amenities such as supermarkets or green urban areas. Nevertheless, central and dense areas that are not necessarily 15-minute cities also contribute towards more sustainable travel, being more effective at reducing car travel due to increased public transit use. The 15-minute city impact on CO2 emissions per household is higher than that of central and dense areas since non-motorized travel is presented as a direct alternative to car and transit, while central and dense areas also rely on transit as an alternative to car. Hence, policies combining proximity and density may eventually maximize the benefits of implementing land use based solutions by increasing non-motorized travel and the use of transit and reducing car travel and CO2 emissions.
Intergenerational grounding of women’s environmental non-migration
Authors: Mallick Bishawjit , van den Berg Julia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the impact of intergenerational learning and intellectual capital on women’s voluntary decisions to remain in place despite environmental risks. By investigating how women experience the decision to stay through intergenerational knowledge transfer, we analyze the adaptability of communities facing climate-driven livelihood challenges and the intricate socio-ecological factors that tie individuals to their homes. Through life-story interviews with 70 women from 25 households in five environmental hazard-prone sites in Bangladesh, the study reveals nuanced patterns of traditional gender roles that both support and limit women’s autonomy in making mobility choices. Although mobility decisions vary across site and scale, systemic issues such as arranged child marriage, financial instability, (traditional) home-bound duties, male authority over mobility decisions, and gendered expectations consistently emerged as barriers to women’s (non-)migration, even when they aspired to leave. Thus, this research offers insights into gendered (non-)migration and its intergenerationality, which is inevitable in developing sustainable adaptation pathways.
Empathy in leadership: a systematic literature review on the effects of empathetic leaders in organizations
Authors: Muss Caroline , Tüxen Dana , Fürstenau Bärbel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the impact of empathetic leaders in organizations. However, the systematic consolidation and categorization of these effects have not yet been conducted. This article presents a systematic literature review of 42 academic studies, carefully selected from 5 databases using a rigorous search process, with the aim of developing a concise category system that synthesizes the effects of empathetic leaders in organizations. After discussing theoretical lenses and our methodological approach, we outline the various understandings of empathy and the measuring instruments used in the analyzed articles. As our main contribution, we then describe nine categories that summarize the effects of empathetic leaders in organizations. These categories consider affect, attitudes, empathy, equity, interpersonal relationships, leadership practice, perception, performance, and well-being. We further outline the individuals or groups affected by these effects. Finally, we discuss our results and offer future research avenues for the scientific community as well as practical recommendations for three different stakeholders who can shape empathetic leadership in organizations: leaders, human resources (HR) managers, and board members.
Noninvasive Assessment of the Severity of Liver Fibrosis in MASLD Patients with Long-Standing Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Khan Farooq , Dsouza Stafny , Khamis Amar Hassan , Abdul Fatima , Farooqi Muhammad Hamed , Sulaiman Fatima , Mulla Fahad , Al Awadi Fatheya , Hassanein Mohammed , Bayoumi Riad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which have a reciprocal relationship compounded by obesity, are highly prevalent in the Middle East affecting morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the severity of MASLD and liver fibrosis among adult Emirati patients with long-standing T2DM.

Design and Participants
This cross-sectional study used noninvasive methods to assess the severity of MASLD and fibrosis progression in an adult cohort of Emirati patients (N = 546) with a mean T2DM duration of 16 years.

Main Measures
Fatty liver infiltration was assessed by hepatic steatosis index (HSI), while fibrosis was assessed by the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index and aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI). Of those, 108 patients were randomly subjected to ultrasound-based FibroScan® to assess controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM).

Key Results
All patients had fatty liver with ~ 83% being categorized as having severe steatosis. Serum-based fibrosis biomarker panels detected significant liver fibrosis in ~ 2.5% of these patients. The APRI appeared to be more restrictive in detecting moderate fibrosis (1.5%) than the FIB-4 index (25.5%). CAP significantly correlated with the LSM, indicating that the two methods contributed to the same underlying pathophysiology. Liver steatosis was more severe in female patients, who were older and had a higher body mass index (BMI) than those with moderate or no significant fibrosis. They also had higher serum liver enzymes and were more likely to have age-related changes in kidney function. Interestingly, severity of both steatosis and fibrosis remained unaffected by age and duration of T2D except for fibrosis severity detected by FibroScan®.

Conclusions
This study highlights the critical need for routine screening of MASLD among Emirati patients with long-standing T2DM, given the high point prevalence of severe steatosis (~ 83%), predominantly among women in this population.
From physics to fish: 50 Years of research at Great Meteor Seamount, NE Atlantic
Authors: Tojeira Inês , Souto Miguel , Kaufmann Manfred , Ramos Manuela , Carreiro-Silva Marina , Fock Heino O. , George Kai Horst , Gerkema Theo , Morato Telmo , Mouriño Beatriz , van Haren Hans , White Martin , Xavier Joana R. , Rafael Teresa , Martin Bettina , Cabral Henrique , Costa José Lino , Mohn Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Seamounts are among the most common physiographic systems in the global deep ocean, defining habitat for a hugely diverse biome. Great Meteor Seamount is located in the subtropical Northeast Atlantic and is considered one of the largest seamounts worldwide. Despite its remoteness, it remains one of the few seamounts globally with a long research history dating back more than 50 years. In this study, we aim to review the recent history of scientific research at Great Meteor Seamount, integrating multidisciplinary datasets of the entire seamount ecosystem, including data on plankton, benthos, fishes, and physical oceanography. The interaction of the seamount topography with background low-frequency and tidal currents creates a unique dynamical response due to its location at the critical latitude for seamount trapped diurnal waves, and the high amplitudes of semidiurnal tides. Biological observations show elevated patchiness on horizontal scales smaller than the seamount, which compares well to other seamounts with shallow summits. Regardless of ecosystem pressures associated with geographic isolation and the nutrient and organic matter deprivation inside the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre, Great Meteor Seamount hosts a diverse species composition including megafaunal taxa such as sponges and corals, as well as species rich fish populations and meiofaunal groups of copepods and nematodes. Due to the ecological vulnerability of seamount habitats to unsustainable exploitation and their important role as open ocean hotspots of marine life, the Portuguese government plans to designate Great Meteor Seamount as a Marine Protected Area (MPA) under the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Here, we summarize and recount important results from the long history of research at Great Meteor Seamount in the context of present-day challenges and the initiatives to protect vulnerable ecosystems.
Impacts of Along-Strait Winds on Sea Level, Sea Surface Temperature, and Current in the Jeju Strait During Summer 2022
Authors: Shin Chang-Woong , Min Hong Sik , Lee Seok , Oh Kyung-Hee , Kim Yong Sun , Kang Hyoun-Woo , Choi Byoung-Ju 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The along-strait wind in the Jeju Strait (JS) significantly impacts the sea level, surface temperature, and currents on its northern and southern coasts. During the summer of 2022, the winds in the JS were characterized by strong easterly winds that occurred before the approach of several typhoons. A strong correlation of 0.61 was found between the along-strait wind and the difference in sea level anomaly between the strait’s south and north coasts. A more robust correlation of 0.71 was estimated between the along-strait wind and the difference in sea surface temperature anomaly. When the positive (eastward) wind blows along the strait, it causes upwelling along the north coast, resulting in cold anomalies there and warm anomalies along the south coast, and vice versa. In addition, a positive correlation (r = 0.39–0.50) was estimated between the along-strait wind and along-strait surface current, with a negative correlation (r = −0.68 to −0.44) for the cross-strait current in most observation stations of the JS, except near the coast of Jeju Island. The positive along-strait wind causes the sea level to fall on the north coast and strengthens the eastward surface current. In contrast, the negative (westward) along-strait wind has the opposite effect, causing the sea level to rise near Wando, then slowing down or reversing the eastward surface current. Overall, these findings show that Ekman dynamics can explain wind-induced coastal upwelling and downwelling on both coasts of the JS, providing valuable insights into the environmental conditions surrounding marine organisms in this coastal region.
The reversed river and the poet on the bridge: Mário de Andrade’s “A meditação sobre o Tietê” (1922)
Authors: Terpe Henriette 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
“A meditação sobre o Tietê” is the last long poem of Brazilian modernist poet Mário de Andrade (1893–1945). Taking the particular geographic and historic situation of the river Tietê as a starting point, this article analyzes the role of the river in the poem as well as the special position of the poet standing on a bridge above the river. The fact that the Tietê river flows inland instead of leading directly to the ocean allows the poet to construct quite a singular poetic image of the river that contradicts traditional literary characteristics of rivers such as (creative) fertility and the irreversible linear passing of time. By adding a comparative reading of poems by Guillaume Apollinaire, Hart Crane, and Ingeborg Bachmann, to our analysis, we can show the close connection between the image of the poet on the bridge, and the poetic principles that underly each of these lyric texts.
Authentic Versus Simulated Patient Videos: Effect on Mental Status Examination—An Educational Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mikkelsen Nicolaj , Larsen Esben Blaabjerg , Arnfred Sidse Marie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study evaluated the impact of adding authentic patient video training to a base e-module featuring simulated patient videos, aimed at improving the mental status examination (MSE) skills of fifth-year medical students during their psychiatric rotation.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with 290 students, assigned to either an experimental group, the full e-learning group (Full), or an active comparator group, the limited e-learning group (Limited). The Limited group received a base e-module on MSE, while the Full group received both the base e-module and an additional module with 23 authentic patient videos. MSE accuracy was assessed digitally 1 week after each rotation through multiple-choice tests based on unseen video cases. Self-reported engagement with the modules was also analyzed.

Results
Of the 290 enrolled students, 190 completed at least one MSE test. No significant improvement in MSE accuracy was observed in the Full group compared to the Limited group (10.1 vs. 9.9; F
1,188, 0.152; p = 0.7). Increased engagement with the videos, both within and across groups, did not lead to better MSE outcomes.

Conclusion
The addition of authentic patient videos did not significantly enhance MSE skills compared to simulated videos within the digital-only format of the study. Engagement with the video library did not influence the outcomes. The study adds to the ongoing conversation about the efficacy of e-learning in medical education, emphasizing the need for caution when adopting e-learning approaches without integrating blended learning strategies.
Frontiers in integrative structural modeling of macromolecular assemblies
Authors: Majila Kartik , Arvindekar Shreyas , Jindal Muskaan , Viswanath Shruthi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Integrative modeling enables structure determination for large macromolecular assemblies by combining data from multiple experiments with theoretical and computational predictions. Recent advancements in AI-based structure prediction and cryo electron-microscopy have sparked renewed enthusiasm for integrative modeling; structures from AI-based methods can be integrated with in situ maps to characterize large assemblies. This approach previously allowed us and others to determine the architectures of diverse macromolecular assemblies, such as nuclear pore complexes, chromatin remodelers, and cell–cell junctions. Experimental data spanning several scales was used in these studies, ranging from high-resolution data, such as X-ray crystallography and AlphaFold structure, to low-resolution data, such as cryo-electron tomography maps and data from co-immunoprecipitation experiments. Two recurrent modeling challenges emerged across a range of studies. First, these assemblies contained significant fractions of disordered regions, necessitating the development of new methods for modeling disordered regions in the context of ordered regions. Second, methods needed to be developed to utilize the information from cryo-electron tomography, a timely challenge as structural biology is increasingly moving towards in situ characterization. Here, we recapitulate recent developments in the modeling of disordered proteins and the analysis of cryo-electron tomography data and highlight other opportunities for method development in the context of integrative modeling.
Selection and evaluation of black short grain breeding lines associated with yield, cooking quality, high nutrition and antioxidant potential derived from indica black rice x japonica white rice
Authors: Malumpong Chanate , Narumon Possawat , Saichompoo Uthomphon , Tongyos Peeranut , Nanta Aekchupong , Tippunya Patompong , Chompoo Jamnian , Itthisoponkul Teerarat , Cheabu Sulaiman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The combination of the trend of Japanese food consumption with the health benefits of black rice is in high demand for rice consumers in Thailand. For this challenge, incorporation of desirable traits from tropical indica black rice, Riceberry and temperate japonica white rice, Akitakomachi was performed by pedigree selection with maker-assisted selection (MAS). The three candidate lines showed highly favourable agronomic characteristics and a high grain yield, with short grains and good cooking quality, similar to japonica rice, in a tropical climate. In addition, these lines showed black coloration of the pericarp, indicating high nutritional value and phytochemical, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, similar to those of the Riceberry parent. In terms of the sensory testing of unpolished rice, two breeding lines; 69-1-1 and 72-4-3 showed higher scores than their parents. However, only 69-1-1 was identified as japonica type according to its genetic background. Therefore, this breeding programme can create black short grain rice variety adapted to a tropical environment, similar to japonica-type rice.