bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high-precision prediction method for coarse grids based on deep learning and the Weather Research and Forecasting model
Authors: He Junyi , Liu Xinyu , Wang Hanqing , Zhu Dongnan , liu zhenming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model improves the accuracy of climate prediction and obtains meteorological parameters for fine grids; however, fine grid climate predictions for different time periods and regions often consumes a great amount of computational resources. In this letter, the MRA-GAN network is proposed based on the generative adversarial network; the technique is applied to restore a simulated image from a coarse-grid WRF mode to a simulated image from a fine-grid WRF mode. The fine-grid image generated by MRA-GAN is very similar to the original fine-grid image. When compared with SRWGAN-GP, the average of peak signal-to-noise was improved by approximately 0.54dB, and the average structural similarity index was improved by approximately 3%. After comparing the downscaling results of temperature, wind speed and relative humidity of various models with the original data, the results show that MRA-GAN has the highest correlation, the lowest data dispersion, and the smallest data error. The trained network model was able to efficiently transform the coarse-grid meteorological fields from different time periods and different simulation variablesinto fine-grid meteorological fields, and it greatly reduced the computational workload.
Effect of Temperature and Water Content on the Oxidation Behaviour and Cr Evaporation of High-Cr Steels for SOFC Cathode Air Preheaters
Authors: Zhang Kun , El-Kharouf Ahmad , Steinberger-Wilckens Robert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Stainless steel is being investigated for use in cathode air pre-heater for solid oxide fuel cell systems because of its high thermal conductivity, formability, manufacturability, and superior mechanical properties. However, high temperature steels often contain a high concentration of Cr which presents a risk of evaporation and contaminating the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The oxidation and Cr2O3 evaporation mechanisms of the stainless steels including Inconel 625, SS309, and AluChrom 318 have been investigated by varying temperatures and water content of the exposure atmosphere. For the influence of water content, samples of Inconel 625, SS309 and AluChrom 318 were isothermally exposed at 850°C in dry air and air containing 1%, 3% and 9% of H2O at a high flow rate for 168 hours. For the influence of temperature, samples of Inconel 625, SS309, and AluChrom 318 were isothermally exposed at 650°C, 750°C and 850°C in a 6.0 L/min air stream containing 3% H2O for 168 hours. The results of this study show that Cr2O3 evaporation and oxidation rates were dramatically reduced with decreasing temperature for Inconel 625 and SS309. AluChrom 318 exhibited a decreased oxidation rate with decreasing temperature, but it demonstrated a reverse trend to the temperature dependent Cr2O3 evaporation compared to Inconel 625 and SS309. The major effect of water vapour on the three tested materials appeared to be the further enhancement of Cr2O3 evaporation.
Development of HPLC method for rapid profiling of serotonin receptor ligands and their oxidative degradants
Authors: Obradović Darija , Savić Jelena , Joksimović Jovana , Marković Bojan , Vujić Zorica , Lazović Saša 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The serotonin receptor ligands and their related compounds are used for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders. The retention profile of six serotonin receptor ligands such as aripiprazole, ziprasidone, risperidone, olanzapine, mianserin, and quetiapine was investigated on two stationary phases that differ in polarities (C8 alkyl and pentafluorophenylpropyl (PFP)). The design of experiments (DoE) methodology was used to define the retention mechanism and to produce acceptable separation results. The chromatographic conditions that provide the best selectivity characteristics are considered for the separation of structurally related oxidative impurities. The selected conditions (C8 stationary phase, 40% acetonitrile, 20mM ammonium acetate, 25 ℃) showed better sensitivity and improved selectivity in the separation of aripiprazole, ziprasidone, and their oxidative degradants compared to the already developed high-performance liquid chromatography methods. The selected method was validated for the determination of aripiprazole in pharmaceutical forms and was found to be selective, sensitive, precise, accurate, and robust. It can be used as a basis for rapid chromatographic profiling of serotonin receptor ligands and their related impurities.
Mind the Gap: Reconciling tropical forest carbon flux estimates from Global Earth Observation and National Reporting
Authors: Heinrich Viola H.A. , House Joanna , Gibbs David , Harris Nancy , Herold Martin , Grassi Giacomo , Cantinho Roberta , Rosan Thais , Zimbres Barbara , Shimbo Julia , Hales Tristram , Sitch Stephen , Aragão Luiz 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Different methods estimating the global anthropogenic land flux, which is dominated by forest-related activities, vary in magnitude and direction with respect to whether the land is a net source or sink. One reason for these variations is the extent to which methods consider land to be “managed”, thus contributing to the anthropogenic flux. Earth Observation (EO) datasets characterising spatio-temporal changes in land cover and carbon stocks provide an independent approach to flux estimations that can be compared against National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (NGHGIs) to support accurate and timely monitoring, reporting and verification capacity. Using Brazil as a primary case study, with additional analysis in Indonesia and Malaysia, we compare EO-based estimates of forest fluxes to NGHGIs.
Results
Between 2001 and 2020, the EO-derived estimates of all forest-related emissions and removals indicate that Brazil was a net sink of carbon (-0.2 GtCO2yr− 1), while Brazil’s NGHGI reports a net carbon source (+ 0.8 GtCO2yr− 1). After adjusting the Global EO estimate to accommodate the Brazilian NGHGI definition of managed forest and other assumptions used in the inventory’s methodology, the Global EO net flux became a source of + 0.6 GtCO2yr− 1, comparable to the NGHGI. Remaining discrepancies are largely due to differences in carbon removal factors and forest types considered in the two datasets. In Indonesia, Global EO and NGHGI net flux estimates were similar (+ 0.6 GtCO2 yr− 1), but in Malaysia, they differed in both magnitude and sign (NGHGI: -0.2 GtCO2 yr− 1; Global EO: +0.2 GtCO2 yr− 1). Spatially explicit datasets on forest types were not publicly available in either country, limiting the possibility of detailed analyses and adjustments.
Conclusions
By adjusting the Global EO dataset to improve comparability with carbon fluxes estimated for managed forests in the Brazilian NGHGI, initially diverging estimates were largely reconciled and remaining differences explained. Despite limited spatial data in Indonesia and Malaysia, our comparison indicated where differing approaches may explain uncertainties and inaccuracies. Our study highlights that comparing Global EO and NGHGIs is a useful exercise to improve both datasets towards greater accuracy and alignment, provided that sufficiently transparent and complete information is available for such detailed analyses.
New species of Demidospermus (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) from the gills of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) collected in the Peruvian Amazonia
Authors: Morey Germán Augusto Murrieta , Rojas Carlos Alfredo Tuesta , Dávila Gladys Vargas , Chu Luciano Alfredo Rodríguez 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pseudoplatystoma punctifer is a catfish species that occupies the first place in the statistics of fishing landings in the region of Loreto, being of economic importance in the Peruvian Amazonia. As an initiative to know the parasites present in the gills of P. punctifer from the Peruvian Amazon, a study was carried out with fish collected in the Belén Market, in Loreto-Peru. Specimens were provided between June and October 2018 from local fishermen from the Belén Market, in Loreto-Peru and samples were processed and analyzed in the “Laboratorio de Parasitología y Sanidad Acuícola” from the “Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana” (IIAP) in Iquitos, Loreto-Peru. The analyzes of the gills revealed the presence of two new species of Monogenoidea: Demidospermus aureagarciae n. sp. and D. doncellae n. sp. These species are unique among congeners by the morphology of the copulatory complex and the vagina. Demidospermus aureagarciae n. sp presents a male copulatory organ as a coiled tube, with a complete counterclockwise ring, with dilated base with a developed sclerotized margin, from which a flap projects; a concave accessory piece, with a tapered and curved distal part and a saculiform vaginal vestibule, connected to the vaginal canal. Demidospermus doncellae n. sp. presents a copulatory complex that is an elongated coiled tube, with approximately three counterclockwise rings, with dilated base with a developed sclerotized margin, from which a flap projects; an accessory piece sheath like, and a sclerotized vagina with dextral position, with saclike vaginal vestibule, connected to an elongated canal.
Statistical Downscaling for Precipitation Projections in West Africa
Authors: Polasky Andrew , Evans Jenni L. , Fuentes Jose D. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The West Africa region (5to 20N and 10E to 20W) is particularly vulnerable to climate change due to a combination of unique geographic features, meteorological conditions, and socio-economic factors. Drastic changes in precipitation (e.g., droughts or floods) in the region can have dramatic impacts on rain-fed agriculture, water availability, and disease risks for the region's population. Quantifying these risks requires localized climate projections at a higher resolution than is generally available from global climate models. Using Self-Organizing Maps, we produce station-based downscaled precipitation projections for medium and high-emission climate scenarios for this region. We find slight increases in precipitation in the coastal areas, and decreases in the interior Sahel region by an average of 10\% by 2100 under the high greenhouse gas-emission scenario of Shared Socioeonomic Pathway 5-8.5. Precipitation decreases in the Sahel are primarily driven by reductions in the number of rainy days during the wet season, rather than by consistent decreases in the magnitude of the precipitation amounts or decreases in the average length of the wet season.
DNA methylation signatures of Multiple Sclerosis occur independently of genetic risk and are primarily attributed to B cells and monocytes
Authors: Xavier Alexandre , Maltby Vicki E , Ewing Ewoud , Campagna Maria Pia , Burnard Sean Michael , Tegner Jesper N , Slee Mark , Butzkueven Helmut , Kockum Ingrid , Kular Lara , Jokubaitis Vilija G , Kilpatrick Trevor , Alfredsson Lars , Jagodic Maja , Ponsonby Anne-Louise , Taylor Bruce , Scott Rodney John , Lea Rodney A , Lechner-Scott Jeannette 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disease that causes neuronal demyelination and debilitating physical and cognitive symptoms. Epigenetic factors can mediate genetic and environmental effects on disease risk. Here we profiled blood-based DNA methylation in 583 MS cases and 643 healthy controls representing 3 independent study groups. An epigenome-wide association study was performed, incorporating statistical deconvolution to identify immune cell-specific signals, which were validated in purified cell subsets. First, we elucidated the mediation effects of methylation at the HLA risk locus. Second, we identified methylation differences in MS that occur independently of known genetic risk loci and show that these differences more strongly differentiate disease than HLA genotype and the polygenic risk score. Finally, we show that methylation differences in MS occur predominantly in B cells and monocytes and indicate the involvement of cell-specific biological pathways. Overall, this study comprehensively characterizes the immune cell specific epigenetic architecture of MS.
The Evolution and Development of ecotranslatology Studies in China: Based on the Analysis of CiteSpace Mapping Knowledge Domains
Authors: Xin XIONG , Hui QIN , Xiangtao LIU 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The present study endeavors to unveil the progression of research subjects within the realm of China’s ecotranslatology studies through the examination of journal papers in the CNKI database from 2001 to 2022, utilizing CiteSpace software for mapping and analyzing co-occurrences among authors, institutions, and keywords. The findings indicate that within ecotranslatology studies, a prominent theory-founding research group represented by Hu Gengshen has been established, yet no comparable clusters have been identified among scholars engaged in debate or applied studies. Additionally, a lack of effective cooperation and diversity among research entities as well as inadequate responses to questions and concerns have been observed. Furthermore, research focuses have undergone a shift, progressing from theory founding studies (2001-2008) to confirmation and verification studies (2009-2014) and finally to revision and applied studies (since 2015). Additionally, research topics have transitioned from grand, abstract theoretical foundations to subtle, specific theory revisions and applied translation studies, yet a dearth of quantitative research, comparative studies, or field studies have been conducted. In conclusion, it is suggested that future ecotranslatology studies should be more responsive to doubts and questions, cultivate diverse research entities, and place greater emphasis on field investigation within qualitative research.
Methotrexate degradation in artificial wastewater using non-thermal pencil plasma jet
Authors: Rathore Vikas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The rising global cancer rate is driving up the consumption of anticancer drugs. This causing a noticeable increase in the levels of these drugs in wastewater. The drugs are not metabolized effectively by the human body, leading to their presence in human waste, as well as in the effluent from hospitals and drug manufacturing industries. Methotrexate is a commonly used drug for treating various types of cancer. Its complex organic structure makes it difficult to degrade using conventional methods. The present work proposed a non-thermal pencil plasma jet treatment for methotrexate degradation. The air plasma produced in this jet setup is electrical characterized and plasma species/radicals are identified using emission spectroscopy. The degradation of drug is monitored by studying the change in solution physiochemical properties, HPLC-UV analysis, and removal of total organic carbon, etc.
Results show that a 9-minute plasma treatment completely degraded the drug solution that followed first order degradation kinetics with rate constant 0.38 min-1 and 84.54% mineralization was observed. Additionally, an increase in electrical conductivity and dissolved solids compared to virgin water-plasma interaction indicated the formation of new, smaller compounds (2,4-Diaminopteridine-6-carboxylic acid, N-(4-Aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamic acid, etc.) after drug degradation. The plasma-treated methotrexate solution also showed lower toxicity towards freshwater chlorella algae compared to the untreated solution. Finally, it can be said that non-thermal plasma jets are economically and environmentally friendly devices that have the potential to be used for the treatment of complex and resistive anticancer drugpolluted wastewaters.
EBUS-GS with the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of isolated pulmonary nodules
Authors: cao jie , Gu Ye , Wu Xiao-cui , Cheng Li-ping , Wang Lei , Qu Qing-rong , Sha Wei , Sun Qin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
Investigate the use of endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) combined with Gene Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection in isolated pulmonary nodules.
Methods
Patients who had isolated pulmonary nodules and unknown diagnoses at our institution from October 2020 to December 2021 were prospectively examined using EBUS-GS and Xpert. The diagnostic values of using EBUS-GS or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with acid-fast staining, MGIT 960 culture, pathological examination, and Xpert for isolated pulmonary nodules caused by MTB infection were compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Results
There were 135 patients, 64 with isolated pulmonary tuberculomas and 71 with non-tuberculous lesions. The diagnostic sensitivity of EBUS-GS was significantly higher than that of BALF with Xpert (57.81% vs. 25%, P < 0.001), MGIT 960 culture (35.94% vs. 23.44%, P = 0.039), and acid-fast staining (17.19% vs. 6.25%, P = 0.016). Use of EBUS-GS with Xpert and MGIT 960 culture further increased the sensitivity to 62.50% (95%CI: 50.64–74.36) and increased the specificity to 100%. The AUC values of BALF with MGIT 960 culture was 0.617 (95%CI: 0.521–0.713) and BALF with Xpert was 0.625(95%CI: 0.529–0.721). The AUC values of EBUS-GS with MGIT 960 culture was 0.680 (95%CI: 0.554–0.743), with pathological examination was 0.713 (95%CI: 0.573–0.760), and with Xpert was 0.789 (95%CI: 0.655–0.829).
Conclusion
Use of EBUS-GS with Xpert had high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of isolated pulmonary tuberculoma. This method has significant potential for use in clinical practice.
A Qualitative Research Exploring the Experiences of Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Advanced Lung Cancer
Authors: HOU Yunxia , HOU Yingge , LI Jing , YU Lijuan , YAN Ling 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purposes: In patients with advanced lung cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) dramatically extended survival. We aimed to investigate the experiences of patients with advanced lung cancer who are receiving ICIs, with a focus on perceptions and sentiments on ICIs, to inform future research and clinical care.
Methods: Patients were recruited from January - July 2022 at Tianjin Medical University Hospital Cancer Institute & Hospital. The method of purposive sampling was used. Patients with stage IV lung cancer who were taking ICIs as a single therapy were recruited. Data were gathered using semi-structured and face-to-face interview. An inductive approach to analysis was used.
Results: Of the 42 eligible patients, 27 were invited, 20 agreed to participate, and ultimately 17 patients completed the interview. A total of 5 themes were extracted: suffered from adverse effects but generally tolerable; focus on survival, hope, and expectation; uncertainty about durability of response and the future; poor knowledge and attitude of ICIs; and financial stress and guilt over family.
Conclusion: These findings make an important contribution to healthcare professionals' understanding of what it is like to be a patient with advanced lung cancer who is receiving ICIs. In general, the experience of immunotherapy is different from that of chemotherapy, financial and family pressures and uncertainty issues are likely to be heavier in this population. Oncology specialist nurses should provide tailored education to improve the patient's knowledge of immunotherapy, especially to improve risk awareness of immune-related adverse events and objective prognosis expectations.
Reallocation, Firm Dynamics, and Productivity Growth: Evidence from Eswatini’s Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Mhlanga Samuel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

See mansucript PDF file for abstract with equation
This article investigates the contributions of real productivity, firm-size rationalization, and net-entry effects to aggregate labour productivity (ALP) growth using a panel dataset from Eswatini’s manufacturing sector. It compares these results with what obtains in world economies at different stages of development. After controlling for extreme values, it found a persistent annual average increase of 2.67% in real productivity. The sector also experienced labour reallocation gains of 0.26% from incumbents and suffered losses of 0.43% from the entry/exit margins. Thus, within-firm effects dominated the intensive and extensive forms of labour input reallocation a fortiori. Further, cross-sectional distributions of up-to the fourth-order moment of labour shortages were used as sources of exogenous variation in endogenous aggregate employment growth when estimating the impact of the latter on reallocation. The first-order moment was strongly associated with changes in aggregate employment growth while higher-order moments had insignificant effects. In contrast, the reshuffling of labour among incumbents and across sectors was robustly unresponsive to variations in aggregate employment growth. However, a unit percentage point increase in aggregate employment growth from a Two Stage Least Squares (TSLS) estimator inversely varied with net-entry effects at the rate of β̂ 𝑇𝑆𝐿𝑆𝜖(-0.976, -0.926), depending on model specification.
JEL Classification: J24, L6, O47.
HDAC8-Selective Inhibition by PCI-34051 Attenuates Inflammation and Airway Remodeling in Asthma via miR-381-3p-TGFβ3 axis
Authors: Su Xinming , Bai Shiyao , Kong Delei , Feng Chenye , Zhang Xiaochun , Zhao Jieyu , Sun Jiamin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) families regulate a wide range of physical processes and development of several diseases, and the role of HDACs in asthma development and progression is worth further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate HDAC effects in a mouse model of asthma.
Methods: HDAC8 selective inhibitor PCI-34051 was administered to a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged asthma. Airway responsiveness, serum cytokines, histological changes of the airway, and expression levels of α-SMA, b-actin, VEGFR, VEGF, GAPDH, HDAC8, TGF-b3, CD 105, p-ERK 1/2, ERK 1/2, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, and PDK1 were evaluated. The miR-381-3p level was also measured.
Results: All classic histologic and cellular changes of asthma in inflammation and airway remodeling were altered by HDAC8 inhibitor PCI-34051 via regulating the miR-381-3p level and its downstream gene TGF-b3. Inhibition of TGF-b3 further reduced the activation of ERK, PI3K, AKT and PDK1.
Conclusions: HDAC8 inhibitor PCI-34051 exhibits comprehensive control of asthmatic changes, including inflammation and airway remodeling, in a mouse model.