bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tides regulate the flow and density of Antarctic Bottom Water from the western Ross Sea
Authors: Bowen Melissa M. , Fernandez Denise , Gordon Arnold L. , Huber Bruce , Castagno Pasquale , Falco Pierpaolo , Budillon Giorgio , Gunn Kathryn L. , Forcen-Vazquez Aitana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntarctic Bottom Water (AABW) stores heat and gases over decades to centuries after contact with the atmosphere during formation on the Antarctic shelf and subsequent flow into the global deep ocean. Dense water from the western Ross Sea, a primary source of AABW, shows changes in water properties and volume over the last few decades. Here we show, using multiple years of moored observations, that the density and speed of the outflow are consistent with a release from the Drygalski Trough controlled by the density in Terra Nova Bay (the “accelerator”) and the tidal mixing (the “brake”). We suggest tides create two peaks in density and flow each year at the equinoxes and could cause changes of ~ 30% in the flow and density over the 18.6-year lunar nodal tide. Based on our dynamic model, we find tides can explain much of the decadal variability in the outflow with longer-term changes likely driven by the density in Terra Nova Bay.
Inhibition of MicroRNA-122-5p Relieves Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via SOCS1
Authors: Zhang Jun , Fu Li , Zhang Jing , Zhou Bo , Tang Yanrong , Zhang Zhenzhen , Gu Tongqing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective Evidence has shown that microRNA (miR)-122–5p is a diagnostic biomarker of acute myocardial infarction. Here, we aimed to uncover the functions of miR-122–5p in the pathological process of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI).
Methods An MI/RI model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in mice. The levels of miR-122–5p, suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1), phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (p-JAK2), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (p-STAT3) in the myocardial tissues of mice were measured. Downregulated miR-122–5p or upregulated SOCS1 recombinant adenovirus vectors were injected into mice before MI/RI modeling. The cardiac function, inflammatory response, myocardial infarction area, pathological damage, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the myocardial tissues of mice were evaluated. Cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury and cardiomyocyte biological function was tested upon transfection of miR-122–5p inhibitor. The target relation between miR-122–5p and SOCS1 was evaluated.
Results miR-122–5p expression and p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 expression were high, and SOCS1 expression was low in the myocardial tissues of MI/RI mice. Decreasing miR-122–5p or increasing SOCS1 expression inactivated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to alleviate MI/RI by improving cardiac function and reducing inflammatory reaction, myocardial infarction area, pathological damage, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice. Silencing of SOCS1 reversed depleted miR-122–5p-induced cardioprotection for MI/RI mice. In vitro experiments revealed that the downregulation of miR-122–5p induced proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities of H/R cardiomyocytes while inhibiting apoptosis. Mechanically, SOCS1 was a target gene of miR-122–5p.
Conclusion Our study summarizes that inhibition of miR-122–5p induces SOCS1 expression, thereby relieving MI/RI in mice.
Bernard-Soulier Syndrome from the Perspective of the Obstetrician: A
Case Report with a Review of the Literature
Authors: Sarıdoğan Erdinç , Onat Taylan , Arda Düz Senem , Tuncay Görkem , Abdurahmanova Nuray , Orujova Lumayat , Karaer Abdullah 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is one of the rare inherited
platelet disorders that is characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and adhesion
abnormality due to the absence or malfunctioning of the membrane GPIb-IX-V
complex. There is no high-quality evidence on obstetric management of BSS owing
to its rarity. Here we report an uncomplicated delivery of an adolescent with
BSS and review the literature on the topic of BSS and pregnancy.
Methods PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and Google Scholar databases were
searched up to April 2022 without language and year restriction using the terms
“Bernard Soulier” and “Pregnancy”. The primary
objectives were to evaluate maternal and fetal outcomes. The secondary
objectives were to analyze pregnancy complications, gestational age at delivery,
mode of delivery, administered prophylaxis, treatment approaches, duration of
postpartum hospitalization, and the postpartum requirement of blood and blood
product.
Results The patient was a 19-year-old and 39-week pregnant woman who was
diagnosed with BSS at the age of 10 by flow cytometry and genetic analysis.
Single donor platelet transfusions and oral tranexamic acid were administered as
prophylaxis at the peripartum period. She was delivered by cesarean section due
to failure of labor. The postpartum period was uneventful for both mother and
neonate. In the literature review, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) was found in
52.9% (27/51) of deliveries. Late PPH occurred more frequently
than early PPH (35.3 and 31.4%, respectively). 49%
(25/51) of pregnancies had severe thrombocytopenia, and antepartum
hemorrhage was observed in 11.8% (6/51) of those. The platelet
count was in close relation to antenatal complications. 64.7%
(33/51) of the patients were delivered via cesarean section. PPH and
late PPH were found to be more common in those who delivered vaginally compared
to those who delivered by caesarean section. It was observed that PPH was less
common in women who were given prophylaxis in the peripartum period.
Conclusion BSS is an inherited macro-thrombocytopathy that may cause
adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The optimal mode and timing of delivery
remain unclear. A multidisciplinary approach with prophylaxis at the peripartum
period should be applied.
A Mn(II)-Catalyzed Tandem Oxidative Cleavage and Ammoxidation of Alcohols to Primary Amides
Authors: Li Dongmei , Gao Shuang , Zhao Kaili , Xie Fukai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe cleavage/functionalization of C–C bonds in alcohols has emerged as a robust tool for exploration of new conversion. Herein, a Mn(OAc)2-catalyzed oxidative cleavage/ammoxidation of a wide range of alcohols to amides has been developed. The practicality of this transformation was demonstrated by a scale-up experiment and an amidation of mixed alcohols in a one-pot fashion. Moreover, a plausible mechanism was proposed based on a series of control experiments.
Social Media: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly
Authors: Mesiti Andrea M. , Yeo Heather L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of social media platforms in a professional capacity has grown and presents unique opportunities for women surgeons. Women surgeons face unique obstacles and challenges compared with their male counterparts. Social media has helped women surgeons create an online community and has provided opportunities for mentorship and professional advancement. In addition, it has helped break down traditional constructs of what it means to be a surgeon and allowed the medical community and public to view images of a modern surgeon. Social media has played an important role in continually increasing efforts to diversify the field of surgery and break down traditional stereotypes associated with surgeons. However, there are some downsides of social media that women surgeons need to be aware of, particularly, the risk of harassment, criticism, and potentially harmful online reviews.
Diagnostic Uncertainties: Chorea
Authors: Cincotta Molly C. , Walker Ruth H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChorea is a hyperkinetic movement disorder with a multitude of potential etiologies, both acquired and inherited. Although the differential diagnosis for new-onset chorea is extensive, there are often clues in the history, exam, and basic testing that can help to narrow the options. Evaluation for treatable or reversible causes should take priority, as rapid diagnosis can lead to more favorable outcomes. While Huntington's disease is most common genetic cause of chorea, multiple phenocopies also exist and should be considered if Huntington gene testing is negative. The decision of what additional genetic testing to pursue should be based on both clinical and epidemiological factors. The following review provides an overview of the many possible etiologies as well as a practical approach for a patient presenting with new-onset chorea.
Fertility and Pregnancy: How Do These Affect Family Planning and Surgeon Health?
Authors: Stefanou Amalia J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere are unique considerations to fertility and pregnancy for women surgeons. Women surgeons often decide to delay pregnancy and childbearing due to concerns of conflict with work and training. This is particularly true for surgical trainees who face many obstacles, including bias from peers and program directors, and work–life conflict. As such, rates of infertility are higher compared with the general population. Women surgeons require assisted reproductive technologies more often than the general population. During pregnancy, there are also additional occupational hazards that are unique to a surgical career. Overall, we must be aware of these issues to support surgeons who decide to become parents during a surgical career.
Contamination by antibiotics and their degradation and removal methods
Authors: Yu Chan , Huang Huawei , Jin Haiyang , Zhang Wei , Lv Zhanao , Zhao Liangyuan 
Published: March 2023

Context Antibiotics are a new pollutant with biological activity. In recent decades, the presence and fate of antibiotics in water environment have received special attention because of their persistence and resistance to biodegradation and potential risks to ecological and human health. Aims This review addresses the current state of antibiotics, concerning the input sources and the distribution characteristics in China, and mainly summarised the degradation and removal methods applied to the antibiotics. Methods The relevant literature from the past 20 years was reviewed, the distribution of antibiotics in China was summarised, and the method of removing antibiotics was proposed. Key results Further optimisation and combination of the above methods was an important development direction in the future. Conclusions The results showed that, at present, antibiotic pollution in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the lakes in China is serious, posing a potential threat to human health and the entire ecosystem. Conventional treatment, oxidative degradation and physical removal could remove degradable antibiotics to a certain extent. Further optimisation and combination of the above methods will be an important development direction in the future. Implications The research results provided data support for exploring effective antibiotic removal methods.
Frequency effects and aspect morphology with state verbs in heritage Spanish
Authors: Thane Patrick D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A total of 54 HS and 17 Spanish-dominant participants completed an elicited production task (EPT) and a forced choice task (FCT) to explore how proficiency, frequency of use, age of acquisition of English, morphological regularity, and lexical frequency affected their production and selection of preterit morphology with states. Results showed that HS’ production of preterit with states was negatively correlated with lexical frequency, such that these bilinguals were more likely to use the preterit with less-frequent verbs. Higher-proficiency speakers were less susceptible to the effects of lexical frequency in production. In contrast, proficiency modulated HS’ responses in the FCT. HS were more likely to select the preterit in the FCT than to produce it in the EPT. Together, these results support theories of heritage language acquisition that emphasize the role of activation of linguistic features and asymmetries between production and comprehension.
The characteristic initial value problem for the conformally invariant wave equation on a Schwarzschild background
Authors: Hennig Jörg 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We resume former discussions of the conformally invariant wave equation on a Schwarzschild background, with a particular focus on the behaviour of solutions near the ‘cylinder’, i.e. Friedrich’s representation of spacelike infinity. This analysis can be considered a toy model for the behaviour of the full Einstein equations and the resulting logarithmic singularities that appear to be characteristic for massive spacetimes. The investigation of the Cauchy problem for the conformally invariant wave equation (Frauendiener and Hennig 2018 Class. Quantum Grav.
35 065015) showed that solutions generically develop logarithmic singularities at infinitely many expansion orders at the cylinder, but an arbitrary finite number of these singularities can be removed by appropriately restricting the initial data prescribed at t = 0. From a physical point of view, any data at t = 0 are determined from the earlier history of the system and hence not exactly ‘free data’. Therefore, it is appropriate to ask what happens if we ‘go further back in time’ and prescribe initial data as early as possible, namely at a portion of past null infinity, and on a second past null hypersurface to complete the initial value problem. Will regular data at past null infinity automatically lead to a regular evolution up to future null infinity? Or does past regularity restrict the solutions too much, and regularity at both null infinities is mutually exclusive? Or do we still have suitable degrees of freedom for the data that can be chosen to influence regularity of the solutions to any desired degree? In order to answer these questions, we study the corresponding characteristic initial value problem. In particular, we investigate in detail the appearance of singularities at expansion orders

n
=
0
,
…
,
4

for angular modes

ℓ
=
0
,
…
,
4

.
Interaction of atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet with tilted dielectric target: split and deviation of ionization waves
Authors: Liu Guoqiang , Xia Yang , Han Lei , Shang Kefeng , Liu Dongping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) are commonly used plasma sources in many biomedical applications. Typically, the APPJs are not always perpendicular to the target to be treated. In this paper, the effects of tilted angle (

α

), relative permittivity (

ε

r

) of the target, the target potential, the distance (

d

) and the discharge parameters on the interaction of a helium APPJ with the target are investigated. Spatio-temporal resolved images show that the ionization wave (IW) split into a surface ionization wave (SIW) and a continued propagate IW when it approaches the target. The split leads to a position deviation of the IW interaction with the target. The measurements show that the split and deviation of IWs are strongly dependent on

α

and

ε

r

. For

ε

r

⩾

9, the split can be only observed with

α

<

60°. The deviation gradually decreases as

α

increases from 15° to 90° with

ε

r

=

9. With the increase of

ε

r

from 9 to 56, the split and deviation are more pronounced with

α

= 30°. The deviation gradually increases as applied voltage and

d

values increase from 5.5 to 10.0 kV and 19–24 mm, respectively. However, the deviation is independent of the gas flow rate of 400–2000 standard cubic centimeters per minute. The split of IW depends on the combined effect of enhanced electric field due to target polarization and mismatch between the propagation direction of IW and the direction of enhanced electric field caused by

α

variation. An increase in

ε

r

results in a stronger dielectric polarization effect. Changes in

α

cause a misalignment between the propagation direction of IW and the direction of enhanced electric field. Additionally, decreasing

α

shortens the perpendicular distance (

d

sin

α

) between IW and the target surface, further enhancing the electric field in the perpendicular direction. After the split, there is an interaction between the SIW and the IW. The propagation of the SIW is restricted to the local electric field of IW.
Multifunctional praseodymium-doped composite silica glasses for UV shielding and photonic applications
Authors: Gracie P J , Geetha D , Battisha I K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Silica phosphate glasses strengthened with a calcium oxide modifier and doped with different concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5 mol%) of praseodymium (Pr3+) were synthesized by a sol–gel method. The absence of sharp peaks in the X-ray diffraction spectra confirms the noncrystallinity of the glasses. Higher doping indicates increasing optical bandgaps due to Burstein–Moss shift, which also reflects on structural disorders at the absorption tails, as validated by Urbach’s rule. The density increases with a subsequent decrease in oxygen-packing density, proving the mechanical and chemical stability of the glasses. The composite glasses are multifunctional with marked absorption at 280 nm predicting their purpose as UV shielding films. Luminescence corresponding to the intra 4f transition,

1

D

2

→

1

G

4

in the infrared region, with high transmission and low reflection losses suggests the use of the synthesized glass material for S-band telecommunications, while the radiative process involving

3

P

0

→

3

F

2

yields a predominant red laser source. Commission International de l’Eclairage color coordinates observe warmer red emission corresponding to a correlated color temperature of 3200 K. The composite silica phosphate glass systems evidence the effective role of Pr3+ for photonic applications.
Calibration of a circular structured light measurement system based on a multi-diameter calibrator
Authors: Zhao Huining , Zhang Zuo , Fan Mengyao , Xia Haojie , Yu Liandong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To solve the measurement problems of the inner shape of large-scale workpieces, such as excavators with movable arms, this paper proposes an inner shape measurement method based on circular structured light. First, the center of the circular laser stripe is extracted based on a modified Steger method. Second, a multi-diameter concentric calibration gauge design is used to calibrate the optical plane of the proposed system and address the problem of the optical plane deviation and motion error in the 1D linear stage of the traditional calibration process. Finally, the experiments are conducted. The corresponding experimental results demonstrate that the proposed measurement method facilitates a fast calibration of the camera and an efficient extraction of the center of the light stripe, resulting in a relative error of less than 0.012%. The measurement method can be further applied to deep-hole workpieces, such as steel tubes and natural gas tube lines, among others.
An SI-traceable multilateration coordinate measurement system with half the uncertainty of a laser tracker
Authors: Guillory Joffray , Truong Daniel , Wallerand Jean-Pierre , Svantesson Claes-Göran , Herbertsson Magnus , Bergstrand Sten 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We have validated the performance of a prototype coordinate measurement system based on multilateration by comparing it to a laser tracker, i.e. a well-proven instrument widely used in the industry. After establishing the uncertainty budget of the different systems, we performed position measurements with both instruments on common targets. Using the estimated uncertainties associated with the measurements, we found that the multilateration system provided lower position uncertainties than the laser tracker: on average 18 µm versus 33 µm for distances up to 12 m. The uncertainties represented by confidence ellipsoids are compatible between the two systems: for confidence regions of 95% probability, they overlap as expected, i.e. in 94% of the cases. We also measured the length of a 0.8 m long reference scale bar with the multilateration system at an error of only 2 µm. This cross-comparison is a new and key step in the characterization of this SI-traceable multilateration system.
Staying recognised as clever: high-achieving physics students’ identity performances
Authors: Bøe Maria Vetleseter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Physics is criticized for a strong disciplinary culture that many students struggle to identify with. This study uses 12 longitudinal interviews with four high-achieving students in Norway, following them from secondary physics and into university science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) studies, exploring how they perform their identities within physics. Data were analysed thematically, and findings include that recognition as clever at something difficult motivated the students to engage with physics in certain ways, mainly doing what it takes to excel on tests and get top marks. When they entered prestigious university STEM programmes with different demands and peers, the students modified their behaviour to maintain recognition as clever. I argue that the way these students engage with physics is formed by a culture of achivement, and that by working to be and stay recognised as clever at something difficult, the students contribute to reinforcing the same culture. Implications include broadening what is recognised in our classrooms as being good at physics, especially moving beyond solving problems correctly and including scientific practices such as asking questions, collaboration, and argumentation.
The problem of capturing marginality in model reductions of turbulence
Authors: Gillot C , Dif-Pradalier G , Sarazin Y , Bourdelle C , Bañón Navarro A , Camenen Y , Citrin J , Di Siena A , Garbet X , Ghendrih Ph , Grandgirard V , Manas P , Widmer F 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Reduced quasilinear and nonlinear (gradient-driven) models with scale separations, commonly used to interpret experiments and to forecast turbulent transport levels in magnetised plasmas, are tested against nonlinear models without scale separations (flux-driven). Two distinct regimes of turbulence—either above threshold or near marginal stability—are investigated with Boltzmann electrons. The success of reduced models hinges in particular on the reproduction of nonlinear fluxes. Good agreement between models is found above threshold, whilst reduced models significantly underpredict fluxes near marginality, overlooking mesoscale flow organisation and turbulence self-advection. Constructive prescriptions whereby to improve reduced models are discussed.