bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Work Demands of Maintenance Workers on Onshore Petroleum Facilities in Norway: An Observational Study Utilizing Wearable Sensor Technology
Authors: Tjøsvoll Svein O , Steiro Fimland Marius , Gonzalez Victor , Seeberg Trine M , Holtermann Andreas , Færevik Hilde , Wiggen Øystein 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
High physical work demands can cause musculoskeletal disorders and sick leave in petroleum workers. However, our knowledge of their physical work demands is scarce and based on self-report. The objective of our study is to work towards closing this knowledge gap by assessing the physical work demands of onshore petroleum maintenance workers using body-worn sensors.

Methods
A total of 46 of 69 eligible maintenance workers (37 mechanics and 9 process technicians) from three onshore petroleum facilities in Norway filled in a questionnaire and diary and wore five accelerometers and a heart rate sensor for up to six consecutive workdays. Work-related physical activity and postures were classified using rule-based modelling in a modified version of the validated Acti4 software.

Results
The onshore maintenance petroleum workers were working an average of 10 h a day and spent on average this time with 48% (SD = 16.5) sitting, 1% (SD = 2.8) lying down, 39% (SD = 16.2) in light physical activity, and 9% (SD = 3.8) in moderate to vigorous physical activity. During work hours while at feet, we found arm elevation ≥60° to be 11% (SD = 7.1) (68 min), and forward bending of the trunk ≥60° to be 2% (SD = 2.2) (14 min). The workers spent 2% (SD = 2.5) (12 minu) of the workhours kneeling. We observed a high inter-individual variation for all these work exposures. Moreover, 26% (12) of the workers conducted static standing for &gt;30% of the workday, and 17% (8) spent more than half of the work hours &gt;33% of their estimated maximal cardiovascular capacity.

Conclusions
While onshore maintenance petroleum workers on average spend about half of the workday sitting or lying down, the remaining worktime is spent with a rather high duration of arm elevation and forward bending. Quite high fraction of the workers spends much of the workhours in static standing and kneeling. We see a substantial variation in these work exposures between the workers. The findings indicate a need for preventive measures in how work is organized and performed.
P-CSN: single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis by partial cell-specific network
Authors: Wang Yan , Xuan Chenxu , Wu Hanwen , Zhang Bai , Ding Tao , Gao Jie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although many single-cell computational methods proposed use gene expression as input, recent studies show that replacing ‘unstable’ gene expression with ‘stable’ gene–gene associations can greatly improve the performance of downstream analysis. To obtain accurate gene–gene associations, conditional cell-specific network method (c-CSN) filters out the indirect associations of cell-specific network method (CSN) based on the conditional independence of statistics. However, when there are strong connections in networks, the c-CSN suffers from false negative problem in network construction. To overcome this problem, a new partial cell-specific network method (p-CSN) based on the partial independence of statistics is proposed in this paper, which eliminates the singularity of the c-CSN by implicitly including direct associations among estimated variables. Based on the p-CSN, single-cell network entropy (scNEntropy) is further proposed to quantify cell state. The superiorities of our method are verified on several datasets. (i) Compared with traditional gene regulatory network construction methods, the p-CSN constructs partial cell-specific networks, namely, one cell to one network. (ii) When there are strong connections in networks, the p-CSN reduces the false negative probability of the c-CSN. (iii) The input of more accurate gene–gene associations further optimizes the performance of downstream analyses. (iv) The scNEntropy effectively quantifies cell state and reconstructs cell pseudo-time.
NanoPack2: population-scale evaluation of long-read sequencing data
Authors: De Coster Wouter , Rademakers Rosa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Summary
Increases in the cohort size in long-read sequencing projects necessitate more efficient software for quality assessment and processing of sequencing data from Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Pacific Biosciences. Here, we describe novel tools for summarizing experiments, filtering datasets, visualizing phased alignments results, and updates to the NanoPack software suite.

Availability and implementation
The cramino, chopper, kyber, and phasius tools are written in Rust and available as executable binaries without requiring installation or managing dependencies. Binaries build on musl are available for broad compatibility. NanoPlot and NanoComp are written in Python3. Links to the separate tools and their documentation can be found at https://github.com/wdecoster/nanopack. All tools are compatible with Linux, Mac OS, and the MS Windows Subsystem for Linux and are released under the MIT license. The repositories include test data, and the tools are continuously tested using GitHub Actions and can be installed with the conda dependency manager.
Renal function is highly associated with podiatric risk in diabetic patients
Authors: Bonnet Jean-Baptiste , Szwarc Ilan , Avignon Antoine , Jugant Sébastien , Sultan Ariane 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is correlated with the incidence of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Furthermore, the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has proposed a classification of the risk factors for DFU. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the IWGDF risk classification and the glomerular filtration rate level estimated by the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration formula (eGFR).

Methods
We conducted a prospective multicentric study. Patients were recruited from either diabetology or nephrology departments. The secondary objectives were to determine this relationship after excluding people on dialysis and to identify the factors associated with podiatric risk.

Results
Four hundred and eighty-six patients were included, with a mean age of 64.2 years (±15.7) and a mean diabetes duration of 15.7 years (±12.1). Based on the IWGDF classification, 53.5% of the population were in podiatric stage 0, 11.7% in stage 1 and 34.8% in stage 2 or 3. The mean eGFR level was significantly lower in patients with podiatric risk ≥2 (36.8 ± 33.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs 71.9 ± 35.3 mL/min/1.73 m2, P &lt; .0001) and a significant association was found between the eGFR and the podiatric risk. This association remained significant after the exclusion of the hemodialysis patients. After receiver operating characteristic analysis, a cutoff of 45 ± 11 mL/min/1.73 m2 (area under the curve 0.76) was found discriminant to define a group of CKD patients at higher risk for podiatric stage ≥2.

Conclusion
eGFR levels are linked to podiatric stages in diabetes mellitus. Patients with eGFR &lt;45 mL/min/1.73 m2 and dialysis patients should be carefully managed in collaboration with diabetic foot specialized centers.
Pulmonary embolism-related refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Prague OHCA study post hoc analysis
Authors: Pudil Jan , Rob Daniel , Smalcova Jan , Smid Ondrej , Huptych Michal , Vesela Michaela , Kovarnik Tomas , Belohlavek Jan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
Refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (r-OHCA) in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with poor outcomes. The role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) in this patient group is uncertain. This study aims to analyse clinical course, outcomes, and the effect of an invasive procedure, including ECPR, in a randomized population.

Methods and results
A post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial (Prague OHCA study) was conducted to evaluate the effect of ECPR vs. a standard approach in r-OHCA. A subgroup of patients with PE-related r-OHCA was identified, and procedural and outcome characteristics, including favourable neurological survival, organ donation, and complications, were compared to patients without PE. Pulmonary embolism was identified as a cause of r-OHCA in 24 of 256 (9.4%) enrolled patients. Patients with PE were more likely to be women [12/24 (50%) vs. 32/232 (13.8%); P &lt; 0.001] and presented more frequently with an initial non-shockable rhythm [23/24 (95.8%) vs. 77/232 (33.2%); P &lt; 0.001], as well as more severe acidosis at admission [median pH (interquartile range); 6.83 (6.75–6.88) vs. 6.98 (6.82–7.14); P &lt; 0.001]. Their favourable 180-day neurological survival was significantly lower [2/24 (8.3%) vs. 66/232 (28.4%); P = 0.049], but the proportion of accepted organ donors was higher (16.7 vs. 4.7%, P = 0.04).

Conclusion
Refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to PE has a different presentation and inferior outcomes compared to other causes but may represent an important source of organ donations. The ECPR method did not improve patient outcomes.
Trainability for cardiopulmonary fitness is low in patients with peripheral artery disease
Authors: Huang Shu-Chun , Yeh Chi-Hsiao , Hsu Chih-Chin , Lin Yu-Ching , Lee Chen-Hung , Hsiao Ching-Chung , Chiu Chien-Hung , Fu Tieh-Cheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
In patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), exercise therapy is recommended to relieve leg symptoms, as noted in the 2016 AHA/ACC and 2017 ESC/ESVS guidelines. We assessed the trainability for cardiopulmonary fitness (CPF) and quality of life (QOL); three distinct patient types, namely, PAD, heart failure (HF), and stroke, were compared.

Methods and results
This is a multicentre, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from three clinical studies. Data collected from 123 patients who completed 36 sessions of supervised aerobic training of moderate intensity were analysed, with 28 PAD, 55 HF, and 40 stroke patients totalling 123. Before and after training, cardiopulmonary exercise testing with non-invasive cardiac output monitoring and QOL evaluation using a 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) were performed. Non-response was defined as a negative change in the post-training value compared with that in the pre-training value. The result showed an improvement in CPF in all three groups. However, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) increased by a lesser extent in the PAD group than in the HF and stroke groups; the physical and mental component scores (MCS) of SF-36 exhibited a similar pattern. Non-response rates of peak V˙O2, oxygen uptake efficiency slope, and MCS were higher in the PAD group. In the PAD group, non-responders regarding peak V˙O2 had a higher pulse wave velocity than responders.

Conclusion
In patients with PAD following exercise therapy, CRF and QOL improved to a lesser extent on average; their non-response rate was also higher compared with that of HF or stroke patients. Therefore, a higher dose of exercise might be needed to elicit adaptation in PAD patients, especially those with high pulse wave velocity.
Perceptions of patient-reported outcome data access and sharing among patients with heart failure: ethical implications for research
Authors: Mangal Sabrina , Niño de Rivera Stephanie , Reading Turchioe Meghan , Myers Annie , Benda Natalie , Goyal Parag , Dugdale Lydia , Masterson Creber Ruth 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
In the face of growing expectations for data transparency and patient engagement in care, we evaluated preferences for patient-reported outcome (PRO) data access and sharing among patients with heart failure (HF) using an ethical framework.

Methods and results
We conducted qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of patients with HF who participated in a larger 8-week study that involved the collection and return of PROs using a web-based interface. Guided by an ethical framework, patients were asked questions about their preferences for having PRO data returned to them and shared with other groups. Interview transcripts were coded by three study team members using directed content analysis. A total of 22 participants participated in semi-structured interviews. Participants were mostly male (73%), White (68%) with a mean age of 72. Themes were grouped into priorities, benefits, and barriers to data access and sharing. Priorities included ensuring anonymity when data are shared, transparency with intentions of data use, and having access to all collected data. Benefits included: using data as a communication prompt to discuss health with clinicians and using data to support self-management. Barriers included: challenges with interpreting returned results, and potential loss of benefits and anonymity when sharing data.

Conclusion
Our interviews with HF patients highlight opportunities for researchers to return and share data through an ethical lens, by ensuring privacy and transparency with intentions of data use, returning collected data in comprehensible formats, and meeting individual expectations for data sharing.
Achieved systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes in 60–80-year-old patients: the Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients (STEP) trial
Authors: Deng Yue , Bai Jingjing , Yang Xinchun , Liu Wei , Guo Zihong , Zhang Juyan , Huang Rongjie , Yang Xiaomin , Yu Chunli , Yu Jing , Guo Xiurong , Wu Hailei , Liu Peiyu , Zhang Weili , Cai Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
Intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering has been increasingly used; however, data is missing on patients who had target-achieved (TA). This study aims to show the cardiovascular effect of maintaining SBP at intensive levels.

Methods
The Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in Elderly Hypertensive Patients (STEP) trial was a multicentre, randomized, controlled trial which enrolled 8511 young-older (60–80 years) hypertensive patients without prior stroke to compare the cardiovascular prognosis of the intensive treatment (SBP target, 110 to &lt;130 mmHg) vs. the standard treatment (130 to &lt;150 mmHg). This secondary analysis assessed data in patients who achieved a mean SBP within target values. The association of mean achieved SBP and cardiovascular events was examined using a cubic spline function.

Results
In total, 3053 patients (72.0%) in the intensive-treatment group and 3427 (80.3%) in the standard-treatment group had an SBP target achieved, with mean follow-up SBP values of 124.2 mmHg and 137.4 mmHg, respectively. Throughout the median 3.38-year follow-up, the cardiovascular risk was significantly lower in the TA intensive-treatment group than in the TA standard-treatment group [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46–0.80; P &lt; 0.001]. In the intensive-treatment group, patients failing to achieve SBP targets presented higher cardiovascular risk than those TA patients (HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.44–2.88; P &lt; 0.001). A J-shaped relationship was observed between the mean achieved SBP and risk of cardiovascular events, with the lowest risk at an SBP of 126.9 mmHg.

Conclusions
Maintaining SBP at &lt;130 mmHg offers additional cardiovascular benefits among young-older patients with hypertension.

Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03015311.
Comprehensive characterization of non-cardiac comorbidities in acute heart failure: an analysis of ESC-HFA EURObservational Research Programme Heart Failure Long-Term Registry
Authors: Chioncel Ovidiu , Benson Lina , Crespo-Leiro Maria G , Anker Stefan D , Coats Andrew J S , Filippatos Gerasimos , McDonagh Theresa , Margineanu Cornelia , Mebazaa Alexandre , Metra Marco , Piepoli Massimo F , Adamo Marianna , Rosano Giuseppe M C , Ruschitzka Frank , Savarese Gianluigi , Seferovic Petar , Volterrani Maurizio , Ferrari Roberto , Maggioni Aldo P , Lund Lars H 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the prevalence and associations of non-cardiac comorbidities (NCCs) with in-hospital and post-discharge outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF) across the ejection fraction (EF) spectrum.Methods and resultsThe 9326 AHF patients from European Society of Cardiology (ESC)-Heart Failure Association (HFA)-EURObservational Research Programme Heart Failure Long-Term Registry had complete information for the following 12 NCCs: anaemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, depression, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, malignancy, Parkinson’s disease, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), rheumatoid arthritis, sleep apnoea, and stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Patients were classified by number of NCCs (0, 1, 2, 3, and ≥4). Of the AHF patients, 20.5% had no NCC, 28.5% had 1 NCC, 23.1% had 2 NCC, 15.4% had 3 NCC, and 12.5% had ≥4 NCC. In-hospital and post-discharge mortality increased with number of NCCs from 3.0% and 18.5% for 1 NCC to 12.5% and 36% for ≥4 NCCs.Anaemia, COPD, PVD, sleep apnoea, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke/TIA, Parkinson, and depression were more prevalent in HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for post-discharge death for each NCC was for anaemia 1.6 (1.4–1.8), diabetes 1.2 (1.1–1.4), kidney dysfunction 1.7 (1.5–1.9), COPD 1.4 (1.2–1.5), PVD 1.2 (1.1–1.4), stroke/TIA 1.3 (1.1–1.5), depression 1.2 (1.0–1.5), hepatic dysfunction 2.1 (1.8–2.5), malignancy 1.5 (1.2–1.8), sleep apnoea 1.2 (0.9–1.7), rheumatoid arthritis 1.5 (1.1–2.1), and Parkinson 1.4 (0.9–2.1). Anaemia, kidney dysfunction, COPD, and diabetes were associated with post-discharge mortality in all EF categories, PVD, stroke/TIA, and depression only in HF with reduced EF, and sleep apnoea and malignancy only in HFpEF.ConclusionMultiple NCCs conferred poor in-hospital and post-discharge outcomes. Ejection fraction categories had different prevalence and risk profile associated with individual NCCs.
Combining serum metabolomic profiles with traditional risk factors improves 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Huang Zhe , Klaric Lucija , Krasauskaite Justina , Khalid Wardah , Strachan Mark W J , Wilson James F , Price Jackie F 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo identify a group of metabolites associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with type 2 diabetes and assess its predictive performance over-and-above a current CVD risk score (QRISK3).Methods and resultsA panel of 228 serum metabolites was measured at baseline in 1066 individuals with type 2 diabetes (Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study) who were then followed up for CVD over the subsequent 10 years. We applied 100 repeats of Cox least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to select metabolites with frequency &gt;90% as components for a metabolites-based risk score (MRS). The predictive performance of the MRS was assessed in relation to a reference model that was based on QRISK3 plus prevalent CVD and statin use at baseline. Of 1021 available individuals, 255 (25.0%) developed CVD (median follow-up: 10.6 years). Twelve metabolites relating to fluid balance, ketone bodies, amino acids, fatty acids, glycolysis, and lipoproteins were selected to construct the MRS that showed positive association with 10-year cardiovascular risk following adjustment for traditional risk factors [hazard ratio (HR) 2.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96, 3.64]. The c-statistic was 0.709 (95%CI 0.679, 0.739) for the reference model alone, increasing slightly to 0.728 (95%CI 0.700, 0.757) following addition of the MRS. Compared with the reference model, the net reclassification index and integrated discrimination index for the reference model plus the MRS were 0.362 (95%CI 0.179, 0.506) and 0.041 (95%CI 0.020, 0.071), respectively.ConclusionMetabolomics data might improve predictive performance of current CVD risk scores based on traditional risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes. External validation is warranted to assess the generalizability of improved CVD risk prediction using the MRS.
Urban–rural differences in health literacy in the metropolitan area of Berlin, Germany, and its surroundings
Authors: Haeger Christine , Lech Sonia , Messer Melanie , Gellert Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealth literacy is gaining importance as it concerns the ability of individuals to encounter the complex demands of health in modern societies. Little is known about the environmental associations of health literacy in high-income countries. This study aims to (i) analyse urban–rural differences in health literacy and further (ii) investigate the interrelations of associated factors.MethodsBased on secondary analyses using a population-based survey of individuals aged 35 years and older from Berlin, Germany, and the surrounding rural area. Health literacy, sociodemographic factors (gender, age, educational level, marital status, income), environmental factors (urban/rural) and health behaviour (physical activity) were assessed with questionnaires. T-tests, Analyses of Variance and multiple regression with interaction terms have been applied.ResultsIn total, 1822 participants (51.2% female and 56.8% living in an urban region) took part in this study. Health literacy was significantly higher in rural regions (mean = 35.73, SD = 7.56) than in urban regions (mean = 34.10, SD = 8.07). Multiple multivariate regressions showed that living in urban regions, being older, having vocational or basic education, having mid or low income, being widowed, having moderate or low levels of physical activity were significantly negatively associated with health literacy. Incorporating interaction terms showed significance that being older is positively associated with urban regions.ConclusionWe found higher levels of health literacy in rural regions and also demonstrated that multiple associated factors of health literacy work congruously. Thus, the environment, associated factors and their interplay must be considered in future urban–rural health literacy research.
Nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) as a bioremediation strategy for waters affected by agricultural runoff
Authors: Legierse Annabel , Struik Quinten , Smith Garrett , Echeveste Medrano Maider J , Weideveld Stefan , van Dijk Gijs , Smolders Alfons J P , Jetten Mike , Veraart Annelies J , Welte Cornelia U , Glodowska Martyna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Agricultural drainage ditches are subjected to high anthropogenic nitrogen input, leading to eutrophication and greenhouse gas emissions. Nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) could be a promising remediation strategy to remove methane (CH4) and nitrate (NO3−) simultaneously. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the potential of N-DAMO to remove excess NO3− and decrease CH4 release from agricultural drainage ditches. Microcosm experiments were conducted using sediment and surface water collected from three different sites: a sandy-clay ditch (SCD), a freshwater-fed peatland ditch (FPD), and a brackish peatland ditch (BPD). The microcosms were inoculated with an N-DAMO enrichment culture dominated by Candidatus Methanoperedens and Candidatus Methylomirabilis and supplemented with 13CH4 and 15NO3−. A significant decrease in CH4 and NO3− concentration was only observed in the BPD sediment. In freshwater sediments (FPD and SCD), the effect of N-DAMO inoculation on CH4 and NO3− removal was negligible, likely because N-DAMO microorganisms were outcompeted by heterotrophic denitrifiers consuming NO3− much faster. Overall, our results suggest that bioaugmentation with N-DAMO might be a potential strategy for decreasing NO3− concentrations and CH4 emission in brackish ecosystems with increasing agricultural activities where the native microbial community is incapable of efficient denitrification.