bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does export structure enhance the growth gains from foreign investment? Evidence from the ECOWAS region
Authors: Haini Hazwan , Wei Loon Pang , Raimi Lukman 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine whether diversified economies enhance the growth benefits from foreign direct investment (FDI). Diversified economies benefit from stable export earnings, stable investment composition and greater factor endowments through forward and backward linkages that can leverage superior foreign technology embedded in FDI. This is crucial as many African economies suffer from dependency while FDI is concentrated in the primary sector.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use a dataset of 15 Economic Community of West African States from 1995 to 2020 and compile variables from various sources, including an export diversification index measured using the Herfindahl–Hirschman index of product concentration. The authors use a growth regression model estimated using dynamic panel estimators to control for endogeneity and simultaneity issues.

Findings
The results show that the effects of direct FDI are insignificant to growth considering diversification and controlling for other confounding factors. Meanwhile, diversification is associated with growth, which highlights the importance of industrial policy. More importantly, the authors find that the marginal effects of FDI are positively and significantly associated with growth when diversification levels are low, implying that production structure matters for the FDI–growth nexus in developing economies.

Originality/value
Previous studies have overlooked the role of export production structure on the FDI–growth nexus. Many developing economies are dependent on primary exports and suffer from dependency, which implies lower levels of factor endowments. As such, this reduces the growth gains from FDI. The authors provide new empirical evidence on the importance of export production structure on the FDI–growth nexus.
Signature reliability scrutiny of domestic refrigerator
Authors: Naaz Sadiya , Ram Mangey , Kumar Akshay 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the reliability and structure function of refrigeration complex system consisted of four components in complex manner.Design/methodology/approachAlthough, a variety of methodologies have been used to assess the refrigeration system's reliability function that has proven to be effective, the universal generating function approach is the basis of this research study, which is used in the calculation of a domestic refrigeration system with four separate components that are related in series and parallel with a corresponding sample to form a complex machine.FindingsIn this paper, signature reliability of the refrigeration system has been evaluated with the universal generating function technique. There are four components present in the proposed system in complex (series and parallel) manner. The tail signature, signature, Barlow–Proschan index, expected lifetime and expected cost of independent identically distributed are all computed.Originality/valueThis is the first study of domestic refrigeration system to examine the signature reliability with the help of universal generating function techniques with various measures. Refrigeration systems are an essential process in industries and home applications as they perform cooling or the maintain temperature at the desired value. A cycle of refrigeration consists of four main components such as, heat exchange, compression and expansion with a refrigerant flowing through the units within the cycle.
Experimental and numerical study of the settlement behavior of soil reinforced by stone columns
Authors: Hadri Soumaya , Rehab Bekkouche Souhila , Messast Salah 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The paper aims to present an experimental and numerical investigation of the load–settlement behavior of soil reinforced by stone column, as well as to evaluate the plane strain unit cell model for the analysis of stone columns.

Design/methodology/approach
The numerical analysis was done using both axisymmetric and plane strain models. The elastic perfectly plastic behavior of Mohr–Coulomb was adopted for both soil and column material. The numerical results of this study were validated by the comparison with the in-situ measurements of a full-scale loading test on a stone column. This study also evaluated the effect of different parameters involved in the design of a stone column, including Young’s modulus of the column material, column diameter, spacing between the stone columns and Poisson’s ratio of the column material.

Findings
After the numerical simulation, the results from both axisymmetric and plane strain models are quite comparable. In addition, the numerical results revealed that the stone column with low spacing, a large diameter and a high Young’s modulus indicated better behavior against the settlement.

Originality/value
The axisymmetric unit cell model was used in many numerical studies on the behavior of stone columns. In the present work, a field load test on stone column was simulated using a plane strain unit cell model. This research adds that the plane strain unit cell model can be used to predict the settlement of reinforced soil with stone columns.
Psychosocial interventions aimed at family members caring for patients with cancer in the palliative period: A systematic review
Authors: Yıldız Manolya , Terzioğlu Candan , Ayhan Fatma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe purpose of this systematic review is to examine evidence‐based psychosocial intervention research aimed at family members caring for patients with cancer in the palliative period.MethodIn this systematic review, randomized controlled psychosocial intervention studies for the family member caring for patients with cancer published between January 1, 2016 and July 30, 2021 were reviewed. PubMed (including MEDLINE), Cochrane, APA PsycNet, ProQuest, Science Direct, TR Index, and Wiley Online Library databases were scanned. Eight publications were identified following a database review for English language articles published from 2016 to 2021. Sample, methods, content, and outcomes of included interventions are summarized.ResultsOnly eight of the 4652 articles examined met the inclusion criteria. Psychosocial interventions such as mindfulness exercises, stress management, acceptance and commitment therapy, cognitive behavioral intervention, and meaning‐centered psychotherapy for cancer caregivers were applied for relatives caring for patients with cancer in the palliative period.ConclusionPsychosocial interventions applied to family members caring for patients with cancer during the palliative period lead to improvements in depressive symptoms, stress levels, the caregiver burden, quality of life, self‐efficacy, coping skills, and awareness levels.
S1‐guideline cutaneous and subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Helbig Doris , Dippel Edgar , Erdmann Michael , Frisman Alexander , Kage Paula , Leiter Ulrike , Mentzel Thomas , Seidel Clemens , Weishaupt Carsten , Ziemer Mirjana , Ugurel Selma 
Published: March 2023

SummarySuperficial leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are rare skin cancers (2–3% of cutaneous sarcomas) that originate from dermally located hair follicle muscles, dartos or areolar muscles (cutaneous/dermal LMS), or from vascular muscle cells of the subcutaneous adipose tissue (subcutaneous LMS). These superficial LMS are distinct from LMS of the deep soft tissues. Leiomyosarcomas are typically localized at the lower extremities, trunk or capillitium, and present as painful, erythematous to brownish nodules. Diagnosis is made by histopathology. The treatment of choice for primary LMS is complete (R0) microscopically controlled excision, with safety margins of 1 cm in dermal LMS, and 2 cm in subcutaneous LMS, if possible. Non‐resectable or metastatic LMS require individual treatment decisions. After R0 resection with 1 cm safety margins, the local recurrence rate of dermal LMS is very low, and metastasis is very rare. Subcutaneous LMS, very large, or incompletely excised LMS recur and metastasize more frequently. For this reason, clinical follow‐up examinations are recommended every six months for cutaneous LMS, and every three months for subcutaneous LMS within the first two years (in subcutaneous LMS including locoregional lymph node sonography). Imaging such as CT/MRI is indicated only in primary tumors with special features, recurrences, or already metastasized tumors.
Real‐time continuous glucose monitoring immediately after severe hypoglycaemia requiring emergency medical services: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Uduku Chukwuma , Pendolino Valentina , Jugnee Narvada , Oliver Nick , Fothergill Rachael , Reddy Monika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsSevere hypoglycaemia requiring emergency medical services remains prevalent despite advances in all aspects of diabetes self‐management. Real‐time continuous glucose monitoring (RTCGM) technologies can reduce the risk of severe hypoglycaemia for adults with type 1 diabetes, but the impact of these devices has not been assessed in the acute phase after an episode of severe hypoglycaemia.MethodsWe recruited and randomised 35 adults with type 1 diabetes in the acute period after an episode of severe hypoglycaemia requiring emergency medical services and randomised participants to RTCGM with alerts and alarms, or usual care with self‐monitored blood glucose for 12 weeks with intermittent blinded CGM. The primary outcome was the difference between groups in percentage time spent in hypoglycaemia (≤3.0 mmol/L, 55 mg/dL).ResultsThirty participants completed the study (median (IQR) age, duration of diabetes, and BMI was 43 (36–56) years, 26 (19–37) years, and 24.9 (21.9–29.0) kg/m2, respectively). Sufficient CGM data was available for 15 participants in RT‐CGM group and 8 in SMBG group for the primary outcome analysis. The RTCGM group had a significantly larger reduction in exposure to glucose below 3.0 mmol/L (RTCGM −0.16 [−1.23 to 0.01] vs. SMBG 1.58 [0.41 to 3.48], p = 0.03) and episodes of nocturnal hypoglycaemia (RT‐CGM −0.03 [−0.15 to 0.02] vs. SMBG 0.05 [−0.03 to 0.40], p = 0.02). Episodes of severe hypoglycaemia were significantly lower in the RTCGM group (RTCGM 0.0 vs. SMBG 4.0, p 0.04).ConclusionsRTCGM implemented acutely after an episode of severe hypoglycaemia is feasible and clinically effective with important implications for hypoglycaemia management pathways and self‐monitoring cost effectiveness.
The association of gait speed and self‐reported difficulty walking with social isolation: A nationally‐representative study
Authors: Kuang Kathy , Huisingh‐Scheetz Megan , Miller Matthew J. , Waite Linda , Kotwal Ashwin A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMobility assessments are commonly used among older adults as risk stratification for falls, preoperative function, frailty, and mortality. We determined if gait speed and self‐reported difficulty walking are similarly associated with social isolation and loneliness, which are key markers of social well‐being and linked to health outcomes.MethodsWe used 2015–2016 data from the National Social life Health and Aging Project (NSHAP), an in‐person nationally‐representative survey of 2640 community‐dwelling adults ≥65 years old. We measured gait speed (timed 3‐m walk: unable to walk, ≥5.7 s, and <5.7 s), and self‐reported difficulty walking one block or across the room (unable, “much,” “some,” or “no” difficulty). Social measures included loneliness (3‐item UCLA scale), social isolation (12‐item scale), and individual social activities (frequency socializing, religious participation, community participation, and volunteering). We used logistic regression to determine the adjusted probability of each social measure by gait speed and difficulty walking, adjusting for sociodemographic and health characteristics, and tested for interaction terms with age.ResultsParticipants were on average 75 years old (SD = 7.1), 54% female, 9% Black/African American, and 6% Hispanic. Difficulty walking one block was associated with (p < 0.05): social isolation (much difficulty: 26% vs no difficulty: 18%), low socializing (33% vs 19%), low volunteering (67% vs 53%), low community participation (54% vs 43%), low religious participation (51% vs 46%), and loneliness (25% vs 14%). Difficulty walking across the room was similarly strongly associated with social isolation and individual activities. The association between self‐reported difficulty walking and social isolation was stronger at older ages (p‐value of interaction <0.001).ConclusionsSelf‐reported mobility difficulty is a widely used clinical assessment that is strongly associated with loneliness and social isolation, particularly at older ages. Among persons with limited mobility, clinicians should consider a careful social history to identify social needs and interventions addressing mobility to enhance social connections.
Oxybutynin gel versus nanoemulgel for treating primary palmar hyperhidrosis: A pilot double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Saki Nasrin , Shakouri Negin , Rastaghi Fatemeh , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Alipour Shohreh , Ahramiyanpour Najmeh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPalmar hyperhidrosis or excessive palmar sweating can reduce one's quality of life as it is associated with significant physical and occupational disabilities. We compared the gel and nanoemulgel of oxybutynin in treating these patients.Materials and MethodsThis pilot study was performed as a double‐blind controlled randomized clinical trial at Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. In two randomly allocated groups of 15, patients diagnosed with primary palmar hyperhidrosis by an attending dermatologist applied half a fingertip (roughly 0.25 g) of 1% oxybutynin topical gel or 1% oxybutynin nanoemulgel to both palms every 12 h for one month. The Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were used to assess the patients at the beginning and end of the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.ResultsThe groups were similar in terms of age (p = 0.800), sex (p = 0.096), and baseline HDSS, VAS, and DLQI scores. The mean HDSS scores decreased significantly (p = 0.001) over time in patients receiving the gel (3.00 ± 1.00 vs. 2.33 ± 0.61) or nanoemulgel (2.92 ± 0.82 vs. 2.14 ± 0.53), without a significant difference between the groups. The same was true for the VAS and DLQI scores. Three patients in each group experienced transient, self‐limited anticholinergic side effects (p = 0.983).ConclusionOxybutynin gel and nanoemulgel offer equal safety and similar efficacy in reducing the disease severity and increasing the quality of life of patients with palmar hyperhidrosis.
Uncovering genetic causes of hypophosphatemia
Authors: Puente‐Ruiz Nuria , Docio Pablo , Unzueta María T. García , Lavín Bernardo A. , Maiztegi Ainhoa , Vega Ana Isabel , Piedra María , Riancho‐Zarrabeitia Leyre , Mateos Fátima , Gonzalez‐Lamuño Domingo , Valero Carmen , Riancho José A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic hypophosphatemia can result from a variety of acquired disorders, such as malnutrition, intestinal malabsorption, hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, excess alcohol intake, some drugs, or organ transplantation. Genetic disorders can be a cause of persistent hypophosphatemia, although they are less recognized. We aimed to better understand the prevalence of genetic hypophosphatemia in the population.MethodsBy combining retrospective and prospective strategies, we searched the laboratory database of 815,828 phosphorus analyses and included patients 17–55 years old with low serum phosphorus. We reviewed the charts of 1287 outpatients with at least 1 phosphorus result ≤2.2 mg/dL. After ruling out clear secondary causes, 109 patients underwent further clinical and analytical studies. Among them, we confirmed hypophosphatemia in 39 patients. After excluding other evident secondary causes, such as primary hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency, we performed a molecular analysis in 42 patients by sequencing the exonic and flanking intronic regions of a panel of genes related to rickets or hypophosphatemia (CLCN5, CYP27B1, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1, ENPP1, FAM20C, FGFR1, FGF23, GNAS, PHEX, SLC34A3, and VDR).ResultsWe identified 14 index patients with hypophosphatemia and variants in genes related to phosphate metabolism. The phenotype of most patients was mild, but two patients with X‐linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) due to novel PHEX mutations had marked skeletal abnormalities.ConclusionGenetic causes should be considered in children, but also in adult patients with hypophosphatemia of unknown origin. Our data are consistent with the conception that XLH is the most common cause of genetic hypophosphatemia with an overt musculoskeletal phenotype.
The causal nexus between innovation and economic growth: An OECD study
Authors: Dhar Bablu Kumar , Shaturaev Jakhongir , Kurbonov Khayrilla , Nazirjon Rajabov 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveInnovation contributes to economic growth by generating new ideas and improving production processes. At the same time, countries with high economic growth have the freedom to promote innovation. This article aims to examine the causal relationship between innovation and economic growth.MethodAn innovation index was constructed using factors of innovation, utilizing principal component analysis. The study used Granger causality to investigate the causal relationship between innovation and economic growth. The sample comprised 34 OECD countries during the period 1961–2018.ResultsThe results showed that the United States had the highest innovation index, while Luxembourg had the highest economic growth. The study found both unidirectional and bidirectional causal relationships between innovation and economic growth.ConclusionsThe study highlights the importance of innovation in driving economic growth and provides insights into the complex and dynamic relationship between these two variables. The findings could be useful for policymakers in designing effective strategies to promote innovation and foster economic growth in their respective countries.
GBIF falls short of providing a representative picture of the global distribution of insects
Authors: Garcia‐Rosello Emilio , Gonzalez‐Dacosta Jacinto , Guisande Cástor , Lobo Jorge M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is the largest databank on primary biodiversity data. We examined the completeness and geographical biases for all insect data on GBIF to determine its representativeness. Our results demonstrate that GBIF is far from providing a reliable representation about the global distribution of insects. Despite the growing number of records during the last years, few spatial units are well‐surveyed. At coarse resolutions, 34% of the world terrestrial cells lack data and barely 0.5% have completeness values above 90%. Insects are crucial in many ecological functions, and their alarming decline makes it more pressing to have a representative sample to improve our predictive capacity. However, the dynamic nature of species distributions and the strength of anthropogenic forces call for immediate conservation decisions that cannot wait for the empirical data on the identity and distribution of insects.
ANXA1-derived peptide for targeting PD-L1 degradation inhibits tumor immune evasion in multiple cancers
Authors: Yu Zheng-Zheng , Liu Yun-Ya , Zhu Wei , Xiao Ding , Huang Wei , Lu Shan-Shan , Yi Hong , Zeng Ting , Feng Xue-Ping , Yuan Li , Qiu Jie-Ya , Wu Di , Wen Qi , Zhou Jian-Hua , Zhuang Wei , Xiao Zhi-Qiang 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) shows promising clinical benefits. However, the relatively low response rate highlights the need to develop an alternative strategy to target PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint. Our study focuses on the role and mechanism of annexin A1 (ANXA1)-derived peptide A11 degrading PD-L1 and the effect of A11 on tumor immune evasion in multiple cancers.MethodsBinding of A11 to PD-L1 was identified by biotin pull-down coupled with mass spectrometry analysis. USP7 as PD-L1’s deubiquitinase was found by screening a human deubiquitinase cDNA library. The role and mechanism of A11 competing with USP7 to degrade PD-L1 were analyzed. The capability to enhance the T cell-mediated tumor cell killing activity and antitumor effect of A11 via suppressing tumor immune evasion were investigated. The synergistic antitumor effect of A11 and PD-L1 mAb (monoclonal antibody) via suppressing tumor immune evasion were also studied in mice. The expression and clinical significance of USP7 and PD-L1 in cancer tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.ResultsA11 decreases PD-L1 protein stability and levels by ubiquitin proteasome pathway in breast cancer, lung cancer and melanoma cells. Mechanistically, A11 competes with PD-L1’s deubiquitinase USP7 for binding PD-L1, and then degrades PD-L1 by inhibiting USP7-mediated PD-L1 deubiquitination. Functionally, A11 promotes T cell ability of killing cancer cells in vitro, inhibits tumor immune evasion in mice via increasing the population and activation of CD8+T cells in tumor microenvironment, and A11 and PD-1 mAb possess synergistic antitumor effect in mice. Moreover, expression levels of both USP7 and PD-L1 are significantly higher in breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and skin melanoma tissues than those in their corresponding normal tissues and are positively correlated in cancer tissues, and both proteins for predicting efficacy of PD-1 mAb immunotherapy and patient prognosis are superior to individual protein.ConclusionOur results reveal that A11 competes with USP7 to bind and degrade PD-L1 in cancer cells, A11 exhibits obvious antitumor effects and synergistic antitumor activity with PD-1 mAb via inhibiting tumor immune evasion and A11 can serve as an alternative strategy for ICIs therapy in multiple cancers.
Data from Stress-Mediated Attenuation of Translation Undermines T-cell Activity in Cancer
Authors: Riesenberg Brian P. , Hunt Elizabeth G. , Tennant Megan D. , Hurst Katie E. , Andrews Alex M. , Leddy Lee R. , Neskey David M. , Hill Elizabeth G. , Rivera Guillermo O. Rangel , Paulos Chrystal M. , Gao Peng , Thaxton Jessica E. 
Published: March 2023

<div>Abstract<p>Protein synthesis supports robust immune responses. Nutrient competition and global cell stressors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) may impact protein translation in T cells and antitumor immunity. Using human and mouse tumors, we demonstrated here that protein translation in T cells is repressed in solid tumors. Reduced glucose availability to T cells in the TME led to activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) element eIF2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha). Genetic mouse models revealed that translation attenuation mediated by activated p-eIF2α undermines the ability of T cells to suppress tumor growth. Reprograming T-cell metabolism was able to alleviate p-eIF2α accumulation and translational attenuation in the TME, allowing for sustained protein translation. Metabolic and pharmacological approaches showed that proteasome activity mitigates induction of p-eIF2α to support optimal antitumor T-cell function, protecting from translation attenuation and enabling prolonged cytokine synthesis in solid tumors. Together, these data identify a new therapeutic avenue to fuel the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.</p>Significance:<p>Proteasome function is a necessary cellular component for endowing T cells with tumor killing capacity by mitigating translation attenuation resulting from the unfolded protein response induced by stress in the tumor microenvironment.</p></div>