bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic dogs as a threat to sloths in Costa Rica: A clinical case report and review of the problem
Authors: Brown Natalie , Villada Ana , Trull Sam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Human-introduced predators, primarily the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris), and human-modified landscapes conjointly threaten wildlife across Costa Rica. For arboreal species, including the two-fingered sloth (Choloepus hoffmani), the impact of domestic dogs is amplified in areas of habitat fragmentation. In efforts to navigate discontinuous canopies associated with urban development and human encroachment, C. hoffmani is forced to utilize terrestrial locomotion. This unnatural behavior leaves sloths increasingly vulnerable to predation by domestic dogs, which occupy altered landscapes in high densities. In this report, we detail the ante and postmortem findings associated with C. hoffmani following an extensive attack by three large-breed dogs. The patient sustained severe and fatal polytraumatic injuries targeting the abdominothoracic region. Gross lesions were not readily evident, obscured by unique anatomical characteristics of the species. This report aims to highlight the threat imposed by dogs to sloths and the severity of injuries, with considerations for clinical management in light of C. hoffmani morphology. We review the scope of domestic dog–wildlife conflict in Costa Rica, and propose collaborative mitigation strategies including habitat preservation, domestic dog population control, installation of wildlife corridors, policy initiatives, and dog owner education and public outreach.
The New Pact on Migration and Asylum: Another Step in the EU Migration-Security Continuum or Preservation of the Status Quo?
Authors: Stępka Maciej 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In 2020 the New Pact on Migration and Asylum was presented as a normalization of EU migration, asylum and border management policies in the EU, a much-needed reform which is supposed to strike a balance between security, solidarity and protection of human lives. The aim of this article is to investigate to what extent the proposed reform is changing the modes and trajectories of the securitization of migration in the EU. In doing so, it focuses on specific security logics promoted in the text, discussing how different iterations of security are strengthened and/or marginalized in the EU securitizing framework. Building on the approach of ‘securitization as the work of framing’, the article indicates that the pact has strengthened the risk-management and resilience-centred security logics while at the same time downplaying the role of humanitarianism. It also reveals a strong role for ‘exceptionality’ as a security logic, which has gained prominence especially in relation to crisis management and a wider application of militarized and robust measures.
Illegal Border Crossing and Associated Offences in the Light of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Laskowska Katarzyna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper addresses the important current problem of illegal crossing of a national border, which since autumn 2021 has been particularly intense on the Belarusian–Polish section of the border. It has been serious enough to pose a security threat not only to Poland, but also to the rest of Europe. This article contains a discussion of the solutions provided for in the 1999 Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus that concern illegal border crossing and associated crimes, i.e. organization of illegal migration and violation of the period of prohibition of entry into the territory of the country. For the purposes of the article, it was assumed that the scope of the regulations in question is casuistic and restrictive, and provides little guarantee of protection of the national border of Belarus. The legal analyses that were conducted generally confirmed the assumed evaluation of these solutions.
The Migration of Ukrainians to Poland: The Context of Border Criminology
Authors: Lewicka-Zelent Agnieszka 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The phenomenon of migration is common in modern times. People move around the world for touristic, financial, educational, social and other reasons. One of the destination countries is Poland, in which Ukrainians, the largest contingent of all foreigners, have arrived for a number of years. Currently, the war is in progress in Poland’s neighbouring country. More than 3 million Ukrainian citizens have come to our country in search of temporary or long-term shelter. Considering the increased number of the Ukrainians, Polish people have posed the question as to whether greater delinquency where immigrants are perpetrators will constitute one of the negative outcomes. Accordingly, the decision was made to analyse the phenomenon of the migration of Ukrainians to Poland over the last few decades, as well as their engagement in delinquency, in the context of border criminology. It was also determined to review literature and statistical data concerning the phenomenon discussed. In view of the above, the prediction is made that in the immediate future, the rates in offences committed by these foreigners will increase proportionally to the number of Ukrainian immigrants.
Chinese Immigrants’ Perceptions of Community Justice in the USA: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Gerber Jurg , Jia Di 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An increasing body of research has highlighted the significance of coll aboration between criminal justice practitioners and residents to enhance the quality of life in communities. As an innovative practice model, this collaborative concept maximizes the effectiveness of three core factors of community justice (community policing, community courts, and community corrections) by maintaining community order and enhancing neighbourhood quality of life. However, as many cities and municipalities have invested time and resources into developing positive relationships with immigrants, little research has been focused on the nexus between immigrant communities within the community justice movement model. Using data collected from Chinese immigrants in the US, the current study is the first pilot investigation on perceptions of the new pattern of Chinese immigrants toward their communities and their collaboration with the criminal justice system. This study suggests positive attitudes of immigrants toward community justice, but criminal justice agencies must tailor their interaction to the unique characteristics of each immigrant community. What constitutes good community justice practices in one community may not be effective in another.
From Gastarbeitersystem to Integration: Legal Aspects of Austrian Migration Policy
Authors: Godlewska Ewa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present the most important legal regulations in the field of Austrian migration policy, taking into account the changes in this field, the nature of these changes and their conditions. The research question is whether the successive legal regulations were the result of clearly defined goals (and if so, whether these goals were achieved) or rather a result of pas sive adaptation to changing conditions. In the context of the slogan of integration advocated in recent years, it also seems essential to ask whether the legal solutions adopted in Austria strengthen integration or constitute an assimilationist tool. The article discusses such issues as the development of the system for the recruitment of foreign workers, changes in the perception of the phenomenon of migration and the reform of legislation in the field of migration policy in Austria. Moreover, attention is drawn to the most important determinants underlying this reform.
The Rationale for Economic Migration in Selected Countries of Eurasia with Particular Reference to the Taxation of Individuals (Self-Employed and Non-Business) with Income Tax: An Overview Approach
Authors: Rutkowska-Tomaszewska Edyta , Stanisławska Marta , Czechowska Iwona Dorota , Lobozynska Sofiya , Thuy Le Bich 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The analysis undertaken in this article is of the migration of natural persons, self-employed and not self-employed, for economic (including tax) reasons, which has been recorded among the citizens of Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, and Vietnam. Tax migration, which is a type of economic migration of individuals, including those engaged in business, is one of the forms of reaction to taxes and tax reforms introduced in a country and the shape of the system of tax preferences. This study aims to examine the conditions of income taxation of individuals in the countries studied (Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, and Vietnam). The shape of the tax system has been or could be a premise for the migration of individuals from Poland to other countries, as well as from the countries studied to Poland. The reason for choosing these countries for the analysis of this phenomenon was the well-established scholarly cooperation of the Polish authors with authors representing public universities in Vietnam, Ukraine, and Belarus, as well as the available statistical data confirming the fact that residents of these countries account for the largest number of permanent and temporary residence permits given in Poland. It was considered that a comparison of legal solutions to the income taxation of taxpayers in the indicated countries, given the significant level of migration to Poland, can lead to exciting conclusions due to the differences in their legal systems, economic development, and tax systems.
The Constitution of the Republic of Poland and confiscation of assets
Authors: Jabłoński Mariusz , Młynarska-Sobaczewska Anna , Olechno Artur , Składowski Konrad , Zaleśny Jacek 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Sanctions, including individual sanctions, relating to property usually apply with war conflicts. Their imposition by international subjects in domestic law raises the question of whether the Constitution of the Republic of Poland allows for the expropriation considered to be related to the attacking state, since, regardless of external circumstances, Poland remains a constitutional state which protected a property. In the article we argue that on the basis of the current Constitution of the Republic of Poland, it is not permissible to seizure the property of private entities considered to be related to the attacking state, under conditions analogous to the currently applied measures of targeted sanctions like freezing of assets. If the expropriaton were to take place, it would require an amendment to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. In order to solve the research task, the dogmatic method and legal interpretation appropriate to the Polish science of constitutional law were used in the work.
El referencial de política pública, el caso del Programa de Alimentación Escolar en Cali, periodo 2016 – 2018
Authors: Rodriguez Vasquez Maria Eugenia , Vergara Varela Rafael 
Published: March 2023

El programa de alimentación escolar – PAE es una estrategia del sector educativo, que puede ser catalogada en el marco de las políticas sociales, y cuyo objeto se ha centrado en impactar en las estadísticas de acceso y permanencia en el ámbito educativo, como tal tiene ejecución en los diferentes niveles educativos y territoriales, bajo lineamientos establecidos por el nivel nacional (MEN, 2014).

Desde los parámetros del nivel nacional, el desarrollo del programa enmarca áreas concernientes a la educación, la alimentación, los hábitos saludables y la participación ciudadana; es por lo que en el presente documento se busca identificar cuál es la orientación principal que presenta el PAE en su ejercicio discursivo, buscando con ello definir el referencial de política pública, para lo que también se tiene presente la perspectiva de los actores en torno a su ejercicio de implementación, por lo que para reconocer dichas representaciones se analiza el caso de Santiago de Cali, durante el periodo 2016-2018. Finalmente, para el desarrollo de este artículo se referencian metodologías de corte cualitativo direccionadas hacia el análisis de contenido.
Mitos y leyendas: difusión del conocimiento ancestral en los jóvenes achaguas del resguardo umapo, vereda pueblo nuevo, municipio de Puerto López, Colombia
Authors: Baron Triana Diany Katerine , Vargas Parrado Ingrith Lorena , Rodríguez Rodríguez Mónica Del Pilar , TRIANA RIVEROS JORGE LUIS 
Published: March 2023

Este documento surge de la necesidad de incorporar una difusión para el conocimiento y apropiación de los mitos y leyendas Achaguas a través del diseño de material didáctico construido con la población estudiantil de la Institución Educativa Yaaliakeisy, lo que permite su visualización, la investigación es de tipo cualitativo, siguiendo el paradigma socio crítico, la muestra participante se compuso de diez familias de la comunidad Achagua y 15 estudiantes de la I.E Yaaliakeisy y de esta manera se contribuyó en el fortalecimiento de la identidad cultural a través de la proyección social incidiendo en el empoderamiento cultural de las actuales y futuras generaciones de la comunidad indígena Achagua con el fin de entregarles el legado y así poder replicarlo en busca de la perpetuidad.
Factors associated with iron deficiency in heart failure
Authors: Smirnova M. P. , Chizhov P. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To establish the factors associated with iron deficiency (ID) in pa- tients with heart failure (HF).Material and methods. We examined 294 patients with NYHA class II-IV HF as follows: 213 — with ID, 81 — without ID. All patients underwent a clinical examination, collection of medical history taking into account the presence, duration and severity of comorbidities, drug history, echocardiography, complete blood count, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, transferrin saturation, soluble transferrin receptors, hepcidin, erythropoietin, and routine laboratory tests. In addition, we determined the presence and severity of asthenia, anxiety, and depression.Results. Twenty-nine clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters were established, which had significant differences in patients with and without ID and significant correlations with ID. Determining the odds ratio for these 29 parameters revealed 7 factors significantly associated with ID in patients with HF. Using multivariate logistic regression, a significant cumulative effect of these factors on the ID risk was established.Conclusion. ID in patients with HF is associated with age, class II-IV HF, elevated hepcidin levels, duration of hypertension and diabetes, history of using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and novel oral anticoagulants for >1 year.
Structural and functional characteristics of left ventricular strain in healthy individuals with different physical activity level according to echocardiography
Authors: Begrambekova Yu. L. , Drobyazko O. A. , Skripkina D. V. , Orlova Ya. A. , Alekhin M. N. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To determine the structural and functional characteristics of the myocardium in young people with different levels of physical activity (PA).Material and methods. The study included 108 young people without cardiovascular diseases. Seventy-two people were professional endurance athletes (Group A) and 36 were non-athletes (Group non-A). Anthropometric data were evaluated. Transthoracic echocardiography and assessment of left ventricular (LV) longitudinal, radial and circumferential strain, as well as LV twisting, were performed. PA level in non-A group was determined using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).Results. PA level <600 MET-min/week was revealed in 22,3% of participants, moderate PA (from 600 to 1500 MET-min/week) — in 41,7%, and high (3000 MET-min/week) — in 36% of participants of inactive, moderately active and highly active subgroups, respectively. Group A daily PA level was ~15000 MET-min/week. In non-A group, there were no significant differences in echocardiographic parameters in subgroups with different PA levels. Significant differences with group A were revealed. LV diastolic function was within the normal range in all subgroups. The E/A ratio was higher in subgroups with higher PA (maximum in subgroup A). Significant differences were observed between inactive (p=0,027) and athletes/moderately active (p=0,017) subgroups. Longitudinal, radial and circular strain characteristics did not differ in A and non-A groups and were within normal range.Conclusion. In young people without cardiovascular diseases with PA ranges from extremely low to those recommended by WHO, the structural and functional myocardial characteristics were within age normal range and significantly differed from those of professional athletes. In professional athletes, these parameters also remained within the age normal range. Myocardial strain characteristics were within the normal range in all participants
Prediction of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease after on­pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Osipova O. A. , Shepel R. N. , Shevtsov R. Yu. , Komisov A. A. , Demko V. V. , Mezentsev Yu. A. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: March 2023

Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of death world­wide. On­pump coronary artery bypass grafting and cardioplegia remains the gold standard for the treatment of multivessel coronary disease. However, this method of surgical treatment has a number of perioperative complications, the most common of which is post­operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).Aim. To develop a mathematical model for predicting the binary outcome "presence/absence of POCD deterioration" using Mini­Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) for timely prevention of cognitive impairment in the early postoperative period.Material and methods. The study included 180 patients with coronary artery disease with stable angina who underwent on­pump coronary artery bypass grafting. The patients’ age [Me (Q25­-Q75)] was 62 [56­-67] years. After the operation, all patients were divided into 2 groups: 108 patients without POCD and 72 patients with cognitive deficit of various severity. The study was conducted in three stages: stage I — 2 days before surgery; stage II — during the operation; stage III — 7 days after the operation. Assessment of cognitive status using FAB, MMSE tests was carried out at stages I and III. At the second stage, biochemical parameters were assessed: in arterial blood — lactate and hemoglobin levels, in venous blood — pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2, mm Hg) and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2, mm Hg), as well as the duration of operation, cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial anoxia. Discriminant analysis was used to develop a mathematical model for predicting a binary outcome.Results. Two groups of the most informative indicators were identified that were included in prediction algorithms for binary outcomes "presence/absence of negative dynamics of POCD" for MMSE and FAB. Group 1 included perioperative MMSE values, atrial fibrillation before surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass time and pO2. Group 2 included cardiopulmonary bypass time and intraoperative venous pH. Conclusion. Mathematical models have been developed for predicting the binary outcome "presence/absence of POCD deterioration" ac­cording to the MMSE and FAB cognitive tests, which make it possible to assess the possibility of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The proposed algorithms are implemented using spreadsheets and a computer program.
Health and social effectiveness of the expansion of medicine assistance programs for patients with coronary artery disease and comorbidities
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Lukyanov M. M. , Mukaneeva D. K. , Antsiferova A. A. , Boytsov S. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To assess the potential need for expanding medicine assistance programs for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and comorbidities, as well as to model its health and social effectiveness in the Russian Federation.Material and methods. To assess the scope and cost of medicine assistance for the healthcare system, the number of patients with CAD and comorbidities was determined based on data from 5 registers of cardiovascular patients organized by the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. We took into account the frequency of drug provision according to standard therapy regimens for stable CAD in combination with comorbidities and (or) conditions that increase the risk of adverse events. To determine the cost of medicine assistance, we used data from the state register for maximum ex-works prices for the medicinal products included in the list of vital and essential drugs. To assess the impact of medicine assistance for patients with CAD and the highest cardiovascular risk on survival prognosis in the period 2023-2025, the number of deaths prevented was calculated. A one-year forecast and a cumulative forecast were performed, taking into account annual increase in the patient population.Results. Patients with CAD and the highest cardiovascular risk (myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in history), including in combination with hypertension, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, are priority groups where the prophylaxis of cardiovascular events and death, the expansion of medicine assistance programs will save a greater number of lives. With a one-year forecast, the potential number of deaths prevented by 2025 will be 33582 cases per year, with a cumulative total of 90500 cases over three years, with the costs of 114,8 billion rubles for three years (40 billion rubles per year).Conclusion. Considering the potential of modern therapy in patients with CAD, comorbidities and high cardiovascular risk, the expansion of current of medicine assistance programs for such patients, along with medical follow- up programs, seems to be an important component in health improvement, mortality reduction and life expectancy increase in the population.
O Complexo Ferroviário de Coroados (SP): a relevância substancial e simbólica do lugar enquanto resultado de expressões individuais
Authors: Zandoná Rafael Pires , Rosa Ananda Soares 
Published: March 2023

A pesquisa que aqui se apresenta possui como objetivo principal fomentar a reflexão no campo disciplinar da arquitetura e urbanismo sobre a importância substancial e simbólica do lugar enquanto resultado de expressões individuais. O estudo enreda-se no Complexo Ferroviário de Coroados (SP), uma área central cujo espaço encontra-se subutilizado desde 2018. A boa relação do ser com a arquitetura, considerando a experiência sobre o percorrer e o descobrir espaços enaltece os sentidos e saberes de modo a estimular uma melhor utilização dos lugares e a promover um bom uso dos mesmos. Ao abordar os embates de um espaço em potencial inserido em uma malha urbana e os diversos usos que este pode promover, busca-se contribuir diretamente sobre a praxe humana a favor de seu desenvolvimento intelectual e interpessoal na atual sociedade individualista. Desta maneira, o olhar cuidadoso e o respeito aos vestígios das expressões sociais materializadas em uma área que possibilitou a prosperidade da cidade pode despertar novos interesses culturais e estimular projetos arquitetônicos que se construam em harmonia com o contexto social. Assim, através de um estudo sociofísico de intencionalidade projetual, reconhece-se a cultura e a valorização do patrimônio arquitetônico e urbano como agentes que desempenham um papel atuante e de destaque para a ativação de espaços contemporâneos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Expressões individuais. Experiência. Patrimônio arquitetônico e urbano. Complexo Ferroviário. Coroados (SP).