bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered resting‐state functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex is related to the development of dyscalculia in patients with Turner syndrome
Authors: Li Tian , Cheng Dazhi , Chen Chuansheng , Gong Gaolang , Lv Jing , Zhou Xinlin 
Published: March 2023

AimPatients with Turner syndrome have a high rate of developmental dyscalculia, but the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms are not well‐understood. Some studies have implicated visuospatial impairments in patients with Turner syndrome, but others have focused on poor procedural skills in patients with Turner syndrome. This study used brain imaging data to test these two alternative views.MethodsThis study recruited 44 girls with Turner syndrome (mean age,  12.91 years; SD,  2.02), with 13 (29.5%) of them meeting the criterion for developmental dyscalculia, and 14 normally developing girls (mean age,  14.26 years; SD,  2.18) as a comparison group. All participants were given basic mathematical ability tests and an intelligence test and were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging. We compared patients with Turner syndrome who had dyscalculia, patients with Turner syndrome who did not have dyscalculia, and the normal controls in terms of brain structures and resting‐state functional activity.ResultsCompared with normal controls, both groups of patients with Turner syndrome (with or without dyscalculia) showed similarly altered functional connectivity in the occipitoparietal dorsal stream. Importantly, compared with patients with Turner syndrome without dyscalculia and normal controls, patients with Turner syndrome with dyscalculia showed decreased functional connectivity between the prefrontal and the lateral occipital cortex.ConclusionWe concluded that both groups of patients with Turner syndrome shared visual deficits, and patients with Turner syndrome with dyscalculia had a deficit in frontal cortex–based higher cognitive processing. It is not their visuospatial deficits but rather their deficits in higher cognitive processing that are responsible for the development of dyscalculia in patients with Turner syndrome.
Balancing power: Ambulance personnel's lived experience of older persons' participation in care in the presence of municipal care personnel
Authors: Hjalmarsson Anna , Östlund Gunnel , Asp Margareta , Kerstis Birgitta , Holmberg Mats 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatient participation is considered to promote well‐being and is, therefore, central in care contexts. Care‐dependent older persons living at home constitute a vulnerable population with increased ambulance care needs. Care transfers risk challenging participation in care, a challenge that can be accentuated in situations involving acute illness.AimTo illuminate meanings of older persons' participation in ambulance care in the presence of municipal care personnel from the perspective of ambulance personnel.MethodA phenomenological hermeneutical method was used to analyse transcripts of narrative interviews with 11 ambulance personnel.ResultsThe ambulance personnel's lived experience of older persons' participation includes passive and active dimensions and involves a balancing act between an exercise of power that impedes participation and equalisation of power that empowers participation. The main theme ‘Balancing dignity in relation to manipulating the body’ included the themes Providing a safe haven and Complying with bodily expressions, which means shouldering responsibility for existential well‐being and being guided by reactions. The main theme ‘Balancing influence in relation to perceived health risks’ included the themes Agreeing on a common perspective, Directing decision‐making mandate, and Sharing responsibility for well‐being, which means shouldering responsibility for health focusing on risks. Influence is conditional and includes performance requirements for both the older person and municipal care personnel.ConclusionCare‐dependent older persons' participation in care from the perspective of ambulance personnel means recognising passive and active dimensions involving human dignity, the ability to influence care, and optimising care efforts through collaboration. This study provides a deepened understanding of the balancing of power involved in ambulance care determining participation, where power is equalised or exercised depending on personal engagement, health risks, and available care options. The knowledge provided holds the potential to improve ambulance care to benefit older persons in critical life situations.
Peritoneal dialysis and acute kidney injury in acute brain injury patients
Authors: Ramírez‐Guerrero Gonzalo , Husain‐Syed Faeq , Ponce Daniela , Torres‐Cifuentes Vicente , Ronco Claudio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a heterogeneous syndrome with multiple etiologies. It occurs frequently in the neurocritical intensive care unit and is associated with greater morbidity and mortality. In this scenario, AKI alters the kidney–brain axis, exposing patients who receive habitual dialytic management to greater injury. Various therapies have been designed to mitigate this risk. Priority has been placed by KDIGO guidelines on the use of continuous over intermittent acute kidney replacement therapies (AKRT). On this background, continuous therapies have a pathophysiological rationale in patients with acute brain injury. A low‐efficiency therapy such as PD and CRRT could achieve optimal clearance control and potentially reduce the risk of secondary brain injury. Therefore, this work will review the evidence on peritoneal dialysis as a continuous AKRT in neurocritical patients, describing its benefits and risks so it may be considered as an option when deciding among available therapeutic options.
Mud‐rich low‐density turbidites in structurally‐controlled intraslope mini‐basin: The influence of flow containment on depositional processes and sedimentation patterns (Szczawa, Oligocene, Polish Outer Carpathians)
Authors: Siwek Piotr , Waśkowska Anna , Wendorff Marek 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThis study demonstrates the effectiveness of sedimentological–statistical multivariate analysis of one‐dimensional‐section in the unravelling depositional processes and sedimentation patterns recorded in a contained and partially ponded succession. Turbidite deposition of a 100 m thick mud‐rich Oligocene‐age sequence at Szczawa, the Polish Outer Carpathians, was primarily controlled by topographic confinement and magnitude of incoming flows. Only the largest turbidite flows were subjected to the true flow ponding, while in smaller volume flows the silty/sandy part behaved as unconfined flow and only muddy suspension cloud developed a ponded character. True ponding of low‐density turbidity currents is interpreted for sandstones that show sedimentary structures attesting to flow reflections and combined‐flow processes, and are associated with abnormally thick co‐genetic mudstones, which in turn results in low sandstone‐to‐mudstone ratio, irrespective of turbidite bed thickness. These features testify to pronounced interaction of flows with confining topography. Tractional structures associated with a considerable proportion of fines, namely banded structure and heterolithic bedding, are interpreted as produced during transitional (turbulent to laminar) flow phase in the condition of mud‐rich turbidite flow confinement. These structures are also considered here as indicators of proximity to source area and location on the slope. The co‐occurrence of banded sandstones, hybrid event megabeds and an olistostrome resulted from flows‐trapping, confined basin geometry, which precluded downslope propagation and further transformation of large‐volume flows. Therefore, a structurally‐controlled contained intraslope mini‐basin is proposed here as the most likely depositional setting. This work provides robust field and statistical evidence for ponding processes of low‐density turbidity currents in a structurally‐controlled mini‐basin. The results of this study are consistent with experimental data and recent field studies on ponded turbidites. Therefore, the Szczawa succession may serve as a new reference example of containment processes of low‐density turbidity currents and represents a valuable depositional model for intraslope turbidite succession.
Adenovirus infection diagnosed by metagenomic next‐generation sequencing after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A multicenter study in China
Authors: Wu Qiong , Wu Yanjun , Zhao Ye , Zhang Yanming , Cao Junjie , Wu Depei , Zhou Juying , Chen Feng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to observe and analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of adenovirus (ADV) infection diagnosed by metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Haplo‐HSCT), which was performed following Beijing Protocol.MethodsThe clinical data of patients who developed ADV infection diagnosed by mNGS after Haplo‐HSCT between January 2019 and March 2021, recorded in three transplantation centers, were retrospectively analyzed. Potential risk factors for infection and the clinical manifestations of ADV involvement in different end‐organs were also studied. Additionally, the patient prognosis regarding the available treatment was observed.ResultsA total of seven patients were diagnosed with ADV infection by the mNGS technique after Haplo‐HSCT of 976 patients enrolled. The risk factors for infection included antithymocyte globulin steroid‐refractory graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) history, CD25 monoclonal antibody or ruxolitinib treatment history and <300 cells/μL of CD3+ T cells count in peripheral blood. The clinical manifestations of ADV infection included encephalitis, hepatitis, cystitis, and pneumonia. Six patients were treated with cidofovir (CDV) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), and one with CDV, ribavirin, IVIg, thymosin Alpha‐1 for injection and low‐dose donor lymphocyte infusion. One case showed negative ADV DNA results with improved conditions; however, the patient died of the relapse of the primary disease in the later stage. The remaining six died of ADV infection.ConclusionmNGS can provide screening for ADV and information on ADV subtypes, helpful to understand tissue tropism. This technique could be useful in diagnosing patients at high risk for ADV infection. ADV infection can involve multiple organs, has difficulty in early diagnosis, and has a poor prognosis. Currently, effective treatments are inadequate.
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Optimization and modelling of volatile fatty acid generation in a leachate bed reactor for utilization in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Gurjar Rishi , Behera Manaswini 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVolatile fatty acid (VFA)‐rich leachate generated from acidogenesis of kitchen waste in a leach bed reactor (LBR) was utilized in an earthen microbial fuel cell (EMFC) to generate electricity. Effects of organic loading rate (OLR, 5–10 g VS/L·day) and pH (5–7) on LBR enumerated optimized parameters of OLR (10 g VS/L·day) and pH (5.74) to obtain total VFA (TVFA) of 7.7 ± 0.3 g/L in the leachate, with maximum contribution from acetic acid. Leachate obtained from the LBR was fed to the EMFC with varying OLR (2–7 kg COD/m3·day). The highest power density of 0.76 W/m3 (at OLR 7 kg COD/m3·day) was obtained with higher VFA content in the leachate. A neural network based on the Levenberg–Marquard function effectively predicted chemical oxygen demand and TVFA removal. This study establishes LBR as a techno‐economic method to obtain useful substrate for EMFC. Furthermore, the response modelling of EMFC demonstrates the potential of utilizing machine learning in biological treatment.
Bioremediation of phenol, sulfate sodium, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Rhodococcus sp. first time isolated and molecular characterized from aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Hosseini Shiva , Azadi Davood , Absalan Abdorrahim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnvironmental pollutions are the most significant problem worldwide. Rhodococcus sp. has a high potential for the production of secondary metabolites and degradation activity. This study aims to screen and characterize biodegradable Rhodococcus from Iranian ecosystems. The Rhodococcus isolates were recovered from 90 environmental samples and identified using conventional and molecular methods. The growth rate in the presence of pollutants and chromatography (high‐performance liquid chromatography [HPLC]) was used to determine their biodegradation capability. A total of 13 Rhodococcus isolates were characterized from the cultured samples (14.5%) that belonged to seven species. The prevalent species were R. erythropolis (4 isolates; 30.8%), R. atherivorans (3 isolates; 23%), R. ruber (2 isolates; 15.4), and R. zopfii, R. phenolicus, R. equi and R. rhodochrous 1 isolate each. The result showed that these isolates could degrade and consume phenol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and sulfate sodium. Our results showed that the Rhodococcus species have significant potential for bioremediation of diverse types of pollutants. Therefore, more studies are recommended for the biodegradation activity of Rhodococcus.
Holonomy of complex projective structures on surfaces with prescribed branch data
Authors: Le Fils Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe characterize the representations of the fundamental group of a closed surface to that arise as the holonomy of a branched complex projective structure with fixed branch divisor. In particular, we compute the holonomies of the spherical metrics with prescribed integral conical angles and the holonomies of affine structures with fixed conical angles on closed surfaces.
Stiffness Modeling and Deformation Analysis of Parallel Manipulators Based on the Principal Axes Decomposition of Compliance Matrices
Authors: Zhang Shuangshuang , Zhang Linsong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a general equivalent approach to solve the stiffness modeling or load-deformation problem of non-redundant parallel mechanisms. Based on the principal axes decomposition of structure compliance matrices, an equivalent six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOFs) serial mechanism is established to approximate the load-deformation behavior of each flexible link in the mechanism. Hence, each limb of the parallel mechanism can be equivalent to a serial redundant rigid body mechanism with passive elastic joints, and the load-deformation problem can be transformed to the equilibrium configuration calculation of the equivalent mechanism. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the robotic kinematics and statics, rather than the elastic mechanics, can be directly adopted to solve the equilibrium configuration of the parallel mechanism under external load. Besides, a closed form solution of the corresponding deformation can be obtained, which can be solved by the gradient-based searching algorithm. Therefore, the final deformation will no longer be linear to the external load, which makes this method more accurate and more suitable for the deformation prediction and compensation in real industrial working conditions. In order to verify the effectiveness and correctness of this method, a 3PRRU parallel manipulator will be introduced as an example, to compare the load-deformation results with the finite element analysis (FEA) simulation and matrix calculation methods, so the nonlinearity feature can be shown in an intuitive manner.
Climate control on the relationship between erosion rate and fluvial topography
Authors: Marder Eyal , Gallen Sean F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Conceptual and theoretical models for landscape evolution suggest that fluvial topography is sensitive to climate. However, it remains challenging to demonstrate a compelling link between fluvial topography and climate in natural landscapes. One possible reason is that many studies compare erosion rates to climate data, although theoretical studies show that, at steady state, climate is encoded in the relationship between erosion rate and topography rather than erosion rate alone. We use an existing global compilation of 10Be basin-averaged erosion rates to isolate the climate signal in topography as a function of erosion rate for morphologically steady-state, fluvially dominated basins underlain by crystalline bedrock. Our results show that the relationship between erosion rate (a proxy for rock uplift rate) and the normalized river channel steepness index (a proxy for fluvial relief) becomes increasingly nonlinear with increasing mean annual precipitation and decreasing aridity. This result indicates that erosional efficiency increases in wetter and more humid climates, lowering fluvial relief for a given erosion rate. When interpreted in the context of detachment-limited bedrock incision models that account for incision thresholds and stochastic flood distributions, this systematic pattern can be explained by a decrease in discharge variability in wetter and more humid landscapes, assuming incision thresholds are important on a global scale.
Sick leave due to COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave in France, 2020
Authors: Smith David R M , Jijón Sofía , Oodally Ajmal , Shirreff George , Aït Bouziad Karim , Ante-Testard Pearl Anne , Bastard Jonathan , Bouziri Hanifa , Daouda Oumou Salama , Duchemin Tom , Godon-Rensonnet Anne-Sophie , Henriot Paul , Houri Yasmine , Neynaud Hélène , Perozziello Anne , Thonon Frédérique , Crépey Pascal , Dab William , Jean Kévin , Temime Laura 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesTo quantify the burden of COVID-19-related sick leave during the first pandemic wave in France, accounting for sick leaves due to symptomatic COVID-19 (‘symptomatic sick leaves’) and those due to close contact with COVID-19 cases (‘contact sick leaves’).MethodsWe combined data from a national demographic database, an occupational health survey, a social behaviour survey and a dynamic SARS-CoV-2 transmission model. Sick leave incidence from 1 March 2020 to 31 May 2020 was estimated by summing daily probabilities of symptomatic and contact sick leaves, stratified by age and administrative region.ResultsThere were an estimated 1.70M COVID-19-related sick leaves among France’s 40M working-age adults during the first pandemic wave, including 0.42M due to COVID-19 symptoms and 1.28M due to COVID-19 contacts. There was great geographical variation, with peak daily sick leave incidence ranging from 230 in Corse (Corsica) to 33 000 in Île-de-France (the greater Paris region), and greatest overall burden in regions of north-eastern France. Regional sick leave burden was generally proportional to local COVID-19 prevalence, but age-adjusted employment rates and contact behaviours also contributed. For instance, 37% of symptomatic infections occurred in Île-de-France, but 45% of sick leaves. Middle-aged workers bore disproportionately high sick leave burden, owing predominantly to greater incidence of contact sick leaves.ConclusionsFrance was heavily impacted by sick leave during the first pandemic wave, with COVID-19 contacts accounting for approximately three-quarters of COVID-19-related sick leaves. In the absence of representative sick leave registry data, local demography, employment patterns, epidemiological trends and contact behaviours can be synthesised to quantify sick leave burden and, in turn, predict economic consequences of infectious disease epidemics.
Phase transition and stiffer core fluid in neutron stars: effects on stellar configurations, dynamical stability, and tidal deformability
Authors: Arbañil José D. V. , Rodrigues Lucas S. , Lenzi César H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the influence of the phase transition and a stiffer fluid in neutron stars’ cores on the static equilibrium configuration, dynamical stability, and tidal deformability. For this aim, it is taken into account that the fluid in the core and the envelope follow the relativistic polytropic equation of state. We find that the phase transition and a stiffer fluid in the core will reflect in the total mass, radius, speed of sound, core radius, radial stability with a slow and rapid conversion at the interface, and tidal deformability. We also investigate the dimensionless tidal deformability $$\varLambda _1$$

Λ
1

and $$\varLambda _2$$

Λ
2

for a binary neutron stars system with chirp mass equal to GW170817. Finally, we contrast our results with observational data to show the role that phase transition and a stiffer core fluid could play in the study of neutron stars.
General solutions of Einstein gravity at $$D\rightarrow 2$$
Authors: Mao Qi-Yuan , Lü H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEinstein gravity at $$D\rightarrow 2$$

D
→
2

limit can be obtained from the Kaluza–Klein procedure by taking the dimensions of the internal space to zero while keeping only the breathing mode. The resulting scalar–tensor theory can be further reduced to JT gravity or the Liouville CFT at the large central charge limit, bridging the two important 2d models. We construct the general solutions of the theory, including black holes and wormholes for both positive and negative cosmological constants. We obtain the on-shell action of the nearly AdS$$_2$$

2

and show that for suitable boundary slices, the Schwarzian action governs the leading-order dynamics at the finite boundary cutoff in later time. For positive cosmological constant, we find that the scalar is well defined on the 2-sphere.
Interpolation Results for Arrays with Length and MaxDiff
Authors: Ghilardi Silvio , Gianola Alessandro , Kapur Deepak , Naso Chiara 
Published: March 2023

In this article, we enrich McCarthy’s theory of extensional arrays with a length and a maxdiff operation. As is well-known, some diff operation (i.e., some kind of difference function showing where two unequal arrays differ) is needed to keep interpolants quantifier free in array theories. Our maxdiff operation returns the max index where two arrays differ; thus, it has a univocally determined semantics.
The length function is a natural complement of such a maxdiff operation and is needed to handle real arrays. Obtaining interpolation results for such a rich theory is a surprisingly hard task. We get such results via a thorough semantic analysis of the models of the theory and of their amalgamation and strong amalgamation properties. The results are modular with respect to the index theory; we show how to convert them into concrete interpolation algorithms via a hierarchical approach realizing a polynomial reduction to interpolation in linear arithmetics endowed with free function symbols.