bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching psychology students about creativity as a decision
Authors: Sternberg Robert J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, it is proposed that creativity is, to a large extent, a decision. From the point of view of teaching and learning, it means that psychology students, as well as psychologists, can become more creative by deciding for creativity. Ten decisions for creativity are outlined, together with (1) case studies from well-known psychologists who have made these decisions successfully, and (2) teaching activities to facilitate students’ learning how to make these decisions.
Practising what you preach? Lecturers’ and students’ perceptions of teaching practices
Authors: Mazuro Catharine , Norton Lin , Hartley James , Newstead Stephen , Richardson John T. E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHow lecturers teach is supposed to be a reflection of what they believe in but sometimes it seems this is not always the case. This paper reports on two studies designed to examine how much consistency there is between psychology lecturers’ self-reports about the way they teach and their actual teaching practices. The first study used an adapted version of Ramsden’s (1992) Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and the second, an adapted version of Norton, Morgan and Thomas’ (1995) Ideal Self Inventory (ISI). Lecturers’ responses to both measures were compared with those provided by their students. For the majority of both the CEQ and ISI items there were no statistical differences, suggesting an overall broad match between lecturers and students. The fact that there were some discrepancies raises interesting questions about how far it is possible to use students’ perceptions as a measure of lecturers’ consistency between their beliefs and practices.
Teaching psychology students to write structured abstracts: An evaluation study
Authors: Hartley James , Rock Judy , Fox Claire 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundConsiderable evidence suggests that structured abstracts in scientific journal articles are more informative than traditional ones, but no one (to our knowledge) has written about asking psychology undergraduates to write structured abstracts for their laboratory reports.AimOur aim was to assess whether or not the quality of such abstracts would be improved if such students were required to write structured abstracts rather than traditional ones.Sample & Method17 first–year psychology students at Keele wrote traditional abstracts for their laboratory reports during the academic session 1998–1999, and 122 wrote structured abstracts during the session 1999–2000. We compared 50 abstracts from each of these groups.ResultsWe found that the structured abstracts were significantly longer (M = 217 vs 181 words, t = 3.23, p<0.005 one–tail) but that they did not contain significantly more key information than the traditional ones, as measured with an information checklist (M = 9.2 vs 8.6, t = 1.52). Nor was there any significant difference between them as measured with the Flesch Reading Ease formula (M = 40 vs 37, t = 1.36). However, independent raters, in two separate studies, rated the quality of the structured abstracts to be significantly higher than that of the traditional ones (M = 6.9 vs 6.1, t = 3.36, p<0.005 and 7.1 vs 6.0, t = 5.20, p<0.001 respectively).ConclusionsThese results give only partial support to the notion that teaching students to write structured abstracts will lead to improved abstracts.
International issues in education
Authors: Ruggeri Kai , Díaz Carmen , Kelley Karl , Papousek Ilona , Dempster Martin , Hanna Donncha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAnxiety, negative attitudes, and attrition are all issues presented in the teaching of statistics to undergraduates in research-based degrees regardless of location. Previous works have looked at these obstacles, but none have consolidated a multilingual, multinational effort using a consistent method. Over 400 Spanish-, English-, and German-speaking undergraduate students enrolled in introductory psychology statistics courses were given the Composite Survey of Statistics Anxiety and Attitudes to determine the precursors and effects of existing problems. Results indicated that student background was heavily linked to attitudes and anxieties. The measure was supported as a viable method for more than one class or university in addressing issues in statistics education, developing interventions to improve students’ experiences, and then determining the success of those changes.
Section 1: Rogue males? Approaches to study and academic performance of male psychology students
Authors: Sanders Lalage , Sander Paul , Mercer Jenny 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis three-year longitudinal study explored the approach to study and academic performance of a group of male psychology undergraduates. In induction week, 112 new psychology students completed the survey. Later in the year, some of the males were interviewed in small groups. Performance was measured from marks at the end of Years 1 and 3. In Year 1, compared with their female contemporaries, male respondents had higher self-esteem (p<.01), expected higher marks (p<.001) and anticipated performing better than their peers (p<.05). In interviews, males described themselves as being less motivated and less organised than females, but did not consider this a problem. The only difference in marks showed males doing worse in coursework at Year 1 (p<.05). However, significantly more males failed to complete the course. These findings are set in the context of concerns about under achievement of males and discussed in relation to research into transition to university.
Learning styles in the classroom: Educational benefit or planning exercise?
Authors: Allcock Sarah J. , Hulme Julie A. 
Published: January 2023

Differentiation of teaching is encouraged to accommodate student diversity. This study investigated whether using learning styles as a basis for differentiation improved A–level student performance, compared to differentiation on the basis of academic ability.Matched classes of A–level psychology students participated. In one class, learning activities were differentiated by academic ability; in the other class, learning activities were differentiated by learning style for nine weeks, followed by a further class test. Student understanding of learning styles was also investigated.Both classes significantly improved from baseline to final test, but there was no significant difference in improvement between the two groups, and indeed a slight trend for more improvement following differentiation by ability. Further research into personalised learning is required, and suggestions are made for a student–focussed intervention to enable students to better understand and to employ their own learning styles as a tool for independent study.
2 nd Prize A Prediction of the Impact Caused by Remote Learning on Student’s Appraisals of Fear Appeals
Authors: Waduge Neili Badulla 
Published: January 2023

A PREDICTION OF THE IMPACT CAUSED BY REMOTE LEARNING ON STUDENT’S APPRAISALS OF FEAR APPEALSFEAR APPEALS USED IN ACADEMIC SETTINGS, PARTICULARLY WHERE IT CONCERNS ADOLESCENTS IN EDUCATION, ARE LESS FREQUENTLY DISCUSSED THAN THEIR USE IN HEALTHCARE. HOWEVER, THE LARGE PSYCHOSOCIAL CRISIS CREATED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC, OR MORE SPECIFICALLY, THE RAPID TRANSITION TO A REMOTE ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT, HAS MEANT THAT HOW STUDENTS APPROACH THEIR LEARNING HAS SHIFTED, AND THIS WARRANTS ATTENTION, SO THAT THESE STUDENTS ARE ABLE TO PROGRESS AS DESERVED, DESPITE THE LOSSES BROUGHT ON THEM BY THESE MAJOR EVENTS.IN ESSENCE, A FEAR APPEAL, IN THIS CONTEXT, IS A MESSAGE GIVEN BY A TEACHER OR ACADEMIC INSTRUCTOR, THAT AIMS TO MOTIVATE STUDENTS BY WARNING THEM OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF FAILURE. THIS IS DONE PARTICULARLY BEFORE A HIGH-STAKES EXAMINATION, SUCH AS THE GCSE, OR ADVANCED LEVEL.THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE PRIOR RESEARCH INTO FACTORS DETERMINING HOW FEAR APPEALS ARE APPRAISED, INCLUDING SELF-EFFICACY, EXTRINSIC VERSUS INTRINSIC MOTIVATION AND PERCEIVED FREQUENCY OF FEAR APPEALS, AND THEN, BASED ON RESEARCH CONDUCTED ON STUDENTS DURING AND AFTER REMOTE ONLINE LEARNING DUE TO THE PANDEMIC, PREDICTS HOW THESE APPRAISALS WILL CHANGE – WHETHER STUDENTS WILL HAVE BECOME MORE OR LESS RESILIENT OR ADAPTED TO EXAM PRESSURES AFTER A MAJOR EVENT. EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS ARE DISCUSSED.
A review of assumptions in executive coaching
Authors: Olson Paul O. 
Published: January 2023

A version of this paper was presented at the 3rd National Coaching Psychology Conference in December, 2007.This paper is a more elaborate version of a speech given at the 3rd National Conference of the Special Group for Coaching Psychology in 2007. It looks at a diversity of definitions of coaching and executive coaching as well as reviews available research from a business perspective. The executive context has several unique features and the article concludes that executive coaching needs to be different from other types of coaching.
Participation, metaphysics, and enlightenment: Reflections on Ken Wilber’s recent work
Authors: Ferrer Jorge N. 
Published: January 2023

In memory of David Fontana (1934-2010), pioneer of British transpersonalismThis paper discusses a number of key issues raised in the recent dialogue on the work of Ken Wilber between John Rowan and Michael Daniels, mediated by David Fontana and chaired by Malcolm Walley (Rowan et al., 2009). First, it responds to Rowan’s defence of Wilber’s work in the wake, of the paclicipalory critique. Second, it addresses the question of the cultural versus universal nature of Wilber’s Kosmic habits in dialogue with Daniels’ contribution. Third, it offers a critique of Wilber’s integral post-metaphysics and contrasts this with participatory spirituality. Fourth, it discusses the nature of enlightenment, as well as meditation, integral practice, and spiritual individuation. The paper concludes with some concrete directions in which to move the dialogue forward.
Closed Trajectory Optimization for Aerial Base Station: An Energy Efficiency Design
Authors: Tian Fengyuan 
Published: January 2023

By optimizing the energy-efficient flight trajectory of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), UAV-based aerial base stations (BSs) can provide longer communication services to more ground nodes (GNs) under the UAV battery limitation. Path discretization method and successive convex approximation (SCA) algorithm have been shown to be effective techniques in the design of the energy-aware UAV one-way trajectory along a few GNs. Compared with current studies, this paper designed and compared different optimal closed UAV trajectories among multiple GNs under a wide range of changing communication requirements. Meanwhile, a more complex and realistic scenario is considered where the UAV visits the ground nodes sequentially without repetition from a centrally located terrestrial base station and returns to the starting point in the end. To thoroughly analyze this problem, two UAV trajectory designs are proposed in this paper. One is to use the fly-hover-communicate protocol as a benchmark for comparison, and the other is to require that the UAV should fly and communicate with ground nodes simultaneously, named the fly-over scheme. The simulation results show that, in general, the proposed fly-over scheme outperforms the benchmark results, while in the case of high and low communication demands, the energy-saving performance of both is very similar. Therefore, advice can be given on the design of the UAV trajectory depending on different situations.
ANAYASA MAHKEMESİNİN GÜNCEL NORM DENETİMİ VE BİREYSEL BAŞVURU KARARLARI HAKKINDA GÖZLEMLER
Authors: ŞAHİN Battal Niyazi , KANADOĞLU Osman Korkut 
Published: January 2023

Anayasa mahkemeleri norm denetimi ve bireysel başvuru yolunda
çeşitli ara karar türlerine imza atmaktadır. Alman Anayasa Mahkemesi
(FAYM) tarafından da bağdaşmazlık ve çağrı kararı olmak üzere iki
ara kararı türü geliştirilmiştir. Türk Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin (AYM) de
norm denetimi ve bireysel başvuru yolunda geliştirmiş olduğu kimi
karar türleri bulunmaktadır. Bu incelemede AYM’nin son dönemde
norm denetimi yolunda verdiği “…yönünden iptal kararları” eleştirel bir
gözle değerlendirilmiştir. AYM, ihlalin sebebinin doğrudan kanundan
kaynaklanması durumunda ilgili kanunu iptal edebilme yetkisine sahip
değildir. Bu durum peşi sıra bir takım hukuki problemleri de meydana
getirmektedir. Türk Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin bireysel başvuru yolunda
ihlalin sebebinin doğrudan kanundan kaynaklanması durumunda vermiş
olduğu “TBMM’ye bildirim” karalarının nasıl nitelendirileceği de söz
konusu problemlerden birisidir. Bu doğrultuda FAYM’nin içtihat yoluyla
geliştirdiği çağrı ve bağdaşmazlık kararları önem kazanmaktadır. Makalede
FAYM’nin çağrı ve bağdaşmazlık kararları ile bildirim kararları arasında
bir mukayeseye gidilmiş ve AYM’nin bildirim kararlarının çağrı ya da
bağdaşmazlık kararı olarak nitelendirilip nitelendirilemeyeceği tartışılmıştır.
LİBERAL DEVLET ANLAYIŞINDA VERGİLENDİRME: AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ FEDERAL YÜKSEK MAHKEME KARARLARINDA KONGRENİN VERGİLENDİRME YETKİSİNİN SINIRLARI
Authors: AYDIN Özgür , SCHRİJER Bilge Bingöl 
Published: January 2023

Çalışma, liberal devlet anlayışında vergi müdahalelerinin hukuki
meşruiyetini tartışarak, Amerika Birleşik Devletler’inde Kongrenin
vergilendirme yetkisinin sınırlarına yönelik Federal Yüksek Mahkeme
kararlarını incelemektedir. Liberal devletlerde vergilendirme “kötü
ama gerekli” olarak görülmektedir. Öte yandan ABD bir federal devlet
olduğundan, ABD Anayasası’nda konu çoğu zaman federal devletin
yetkilerini aşıp aşmadığı üzerinden tartışılmaktadır. Ancak yargı
kararlarındaki asıl mesele, “devletin insan yaşamına müdahale edebilme
kapasitesinin meşru sınırları” üzerinde şekillenmektedir. Bu doğrultuda
Federal Yüksek Mahkeme, Kongrenin vergilendirme ile ilgili anayasal
yetkilerinin sınırını tartışırken vergilendirmenin anlamı üzerinde de
durmaktadır. Mahkeme, kimi zaman vergilendirmeyi caydırıcı -hatta
kimi zaman cezalandırıcı- bir etki ortaya çıkartıp çıkartmaması ve gelir
oluşturma özellikleri üzerinden değerlendirmektedir. Ancak ABD
Federal Yüksek Mahkemesi vergilendirme yetkisi ile ilgili kesin anayasal
sınırlar çizmekten kaçınmakta ve meseleyi pragmatist bir yaklaşımla ele
almaktadır.
Staying relevant - new ways to assess engineering aptitude
Authors: Isaac Philip , Bergsagel Dan 
Published: January 2023

The skills required of engineers are changing. New technology and automation mean that fewer engineers are undertaking more – and more varied – work. What can we do to ensure that engineers with the right skills are encouraged into our industry today, and equipped for the industry of tomorrow? Engineering outreach initiatives are a widely accepted method of encouraging secondary school students to consider engineering for study or work. Initiatives organised at the national level tend to focus on maths and physics skillsets, as do careers advice within schools and university course entry requirements. Local-level outreach initiatives are beginning to focus on creativity, and the understanding of engineering behaviour. However, these skillsets are not currently easy to assess. By evaluating maths and physics skills only – a subset of engineering skills – we may discourage potentially suitable engineering applicants who have a wider range of well-developed skills, such as creativity or intuitive understanding of engineering behaviours. This article reviews existing methods of assessing creativity and the understanding of engineering behaviours, and proposes the development of a simple evaluation procedure that could be undertaken by outreach organisers on groups of secondary school students, before and after an engineering outreach initiative, to assess the effectiveness of the teaching within the initiative. The test also has potential additional applications, including to the general public, to whom engineers have often struggled to explain their jobs, and to younger students, long before they consider careers in any one subject. The assessment portion on understanding of engineering behaviours proposes an adaptation of the ‘Brohn test’ and the International Mathematical Kangaroo approach, with adaptations to avoid employing visual engineering jargon in the depiction of boundary conditions, and to favour strain-based problems. The creativity assessment portion proposes simple design brief questions, with the student response evaluated based on the identity Creativity = Usefulness × Novelty and a taxonomy of creative design, within a limited design period and with limited space to represent their design to the assessor.
Diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes: a consensus statement from the Swiss Societies of Diabetes and Nephrology
Authors: Zanchi Anne , Jehle Andreas W. , Lamine Faiza , Vogt Bruno , Czerlau Cecilia , Bilz Stefan , Seeger Harald , De Seigneux Sophie 
Published: January 2023

Diabetic kidney disease is highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes and is a major cause of end-stage renal disease in Switzerland. Patients with diabetic kidney disease are among the most complex patients in diabetes care. They require a multifactorial and multidisciplinary approach with the goal to slow the decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and cardiovascular morbidity. With this consensus we propose an evidence-based guidance to health care providers involved in the care of type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic kidney disease.
First, there is a need to increase physician awareness and improve screening for diabetic kidney disease as early intervention may improve clinical outcomes and the financial burden. Evaluation of estimated GFR (eGFR) and spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio is recommended at least annually.
Once it is diagnosed, glucose control and optimisation of blood pressure control with renin-angiotensin system blockers have been recommended as mainstay management of diabetic kidney disease for more than 20 years. Recent, high quality randomised controlled trials have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibition slows eGFR decline and cardiovascular events beyond glucose control. Likewise, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism with finerenone has cardiorenal protective effects in diabetic kidney disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor agonists improve weight loss if needed, and decrease albuminuria and cardiovascular morbidity. Lipid control is also important to decrease cardiovascular events. All these therapies are included in the treatment algorithms proposed in this consensus.
With advancing kidney failure, other challenges may rise, such as hyperkalaemia, anaemia and metabolic acidosis, as well as chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder. These different topics and treatment strategies are discussed in this consensus. Finally, an update on diabetes management in renal replacement therapy such as haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplantation is provided.
With the recent developments of efficient therapies for diabetic kidney disease, it has become evident that a consensus document is necessary. We are optimistic that it will significantly contribute to a high-quality care for patients with diabetic kidney disease in Switzerland in the future.
Spectrophotometric/Titrimetric Drug Analysis
Authors: Qarah Nagib , El-Maaiden Ezzouhra 
Published: January 2023

The importance of pharmaceuticals comes from their direct connection to human life. Therefore, many analysis techniques such as chromatography, spectroscopic methods, and others have been developed for one goal, which is to ensure that the drug reaches humans with high quality. Spectrophotometric and titrimetric methods have been in general use for the last 40 years and over this period have become the most important analytical instrument in the modern-day laboratory. In many applications, other techniques could be employed in pharmaceutical analysis, but none rival UV–visible spectrometry as well as titrimetry, for their simplicity, versatility, speed, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. This chapter highlights the spectroscopic methods in the ultraviolet and visible regions, as well as the titration methods that are still widely used in the field of pharmaceutical analysis. The types of titrations, as well as the most important reactions used in spectrophotometric methods, are presented. Examples of the most important applications in the field of pharmaceutical analysis are also presented.
Metacognitive skills and emotions in the construction of Personal Learning Environments
Authors: Ramírez-Mera Urith , Tur Gemma 
Published: January 2023

The metacognitive processes during learning are linked to different aspects such as emotions and motivation which in turn contribute to students’ performance. In this research paper, we identified the role of emotions on the learning experience while performing learning of online Higher Education students during the construction of their Personal Learning Environments (PLE) in Mexico. The study was carried out through mixed research in which the CAPPLE questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were implemented. Results show that emotions related to happiness and surprise motivate students to develop their PLE, while emotions such as fear or sadness motivate students to develop metacognitive skills and abilities. Additionally, it was identified that there is a correlation between some metacognitive processes for learning planning and emotions. Conclusions reflect on the need to support both metacognitive and emotional processes for successful online learning and PLE construction.
Los procesos metacognitivos durante el aprendizaje están ligados a diferentes aspectos como las emociones y la motivación, que a su vez contribuyen al desempeño de los estudiantes. En este trabajo de investigación se identificó el papel de las emociones en la experiencia de aprendizaje durante el desempeño del alumnado en modalidad en línea de Educación Superior durante la construcción de sus Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (PLE por sus siglas en Inglés) en México. El estudio se realizó a través de una investigación mixta en la que se aplicó el cuestionario CAPPLE y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados muestran que las emociones relacionadas con la felicidad y la sorpresa motivan a los estudiantes a desarrollar su PLE, mientras que emociones como el miedo o la tristeza motivan a los estudiantes a desarrollar habilidades y destrezas metacognitivas. Además, se identificó que existe una correlación entre algunos procesos metacognitivos para la planificación del aprendizaje y emociones al momento de utilizar herramientas digitales. Las conclusiones reflexionan sobre la necesidad de apoyar tanto los procesos metacognitivos como los emocionales para el éxito del aprendizaje en línea y la construcción del PLE.