bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secularism and the Ethic of Appreciation
Authors: McMahan David L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter begins to sketch components of the substructure of modern secularism—the often-implicit network of values and assumptions operative in late-modern liberal societies—and to show how Buddhist meditation has come to inhabit this ethos. Secularized meditation is not just meditation that occurs outside of religious institutions but meditation that has taken on the rhetorical and conceptual apparatus of secularism, rationalism, science, and liberalism. Mindfulness as practiced in North America and Europe—and increasingly around the globe—has been configured explicitly to the contours of secularism in the United States. One secular value to which meditation is now put is that of appreciation of this world and its aesthetic and sensual pleasures. This “ethic of appreciation,” in contrast to the ethic of renunciation, entails an affirmation of the implicit value of the physical world, the senses, and the experience of ordinary people.
The Metaphysical Implications of Newtonianism
Authors: Yenter Timothy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In addressing interconnected issues in metaphysics, epistemology, and methodology raised by Newton’s works, Scottish philosophers differed in their approaches to natural philosophy. Central to these conversations was whether Newton’s experimental method was the whole or merely a part of philosophy, which partly determined answers to questions like whether gravitation is a causal power in bodies or whether ether exists. Arguments for the existence of God often rested on claims about the nature of the world, increasing the stakes for these debates. Newton’s commitment to absolute space led to complicated questions about how space relates to God. Hume’s challenges to popular claims about force, causation, and space (which he motivated with appeals to Newton’s method), received sharp rebukes from other Scottish philosophers, especially those teaching or educated in Aberdeen. James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, is a notable Scottish critic of Newton’s theories.
The Intellectual Powers of the Human Mind
Authors: Falkenstein Lorne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines what Hume and Reid had to say about what Reid called our intellectual powers: sensation, conception, perception, memory, abstraction, judgement, and reasoning. In the process it examines their opposed views on the nature of mind, on the representation of space and the spatiality of mental content, on temporal experience and the metaphysics of time, on the conception of non-existent objects, and on conceivability and possibility. The chapter critically examines what each had to say in his own defence and what Reid had to say in opposition to Hume, and conjectures what Hume might have said in response to Reid.
Introduction
Authors: Sharpe Will 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This short introduction frames the key debates and aims of the book, with a brief overview of the chapter structure. It considers the fact that the topic of Shakespearean collaboration has been particularly divisive over a long time, as part of a culture war in which Shakespeare’s canonical memory is at stake. It observes that any ideas about how much co-writing Shakespeare did, and how much it mattered to him, must naturally diminish or enhance his canonical integrity and authorial brand in the eyes of the particular reader. It considers the various popular perceptions of Shakespeare as either a reluctant or eager co-author, and of the perceived prominence of collaborative authorship as a practice in the early theatres.
Shakespeare: 1590–4
Authors: Sharpe Will 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines Shakespeare’s collaborative writing in the early stages of his career, up to the 1594 formation of the Chamberlain’s Men, considering what kind of a collaborator he was as he tried to establish himself. The major contribution attribution study has made in the last two decades is of all but confirming Shakespeare as an authorial hand in Arden of Faversham, c.1590, and Christopher Marlowe as a hand in the Henry VI plays, 1591–2, and this chapter uses these conclusions to rethink Shakespeare’s early biography. It will also examine Shakespeare’s co-authoring of Titus Andronicus with George Peele, and the anonymous play Edward III’s role in our understanding of Shakespeare’s earliest forays into English history, showing how linked the genre is with the drive towards collaborative authorship that were Shakespeare’s first major ventures into playwriting. The themes and poetics of these early collaborative works are a main focus.
Modest Modeling
Authors: Greco Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
I claim that not only does epistemology involve modeling, but epistemological modeling should be modest. In chapter two, I explain what I mean by modest modeling. I introduce and motivate the concept via a discussion of the coastline paradox, along with some examples from economics. In a nutshell, a modest modeler isn't trying to point the way towards some grand unified theory of the domain she studies. She'll be content with the idea that in some domains, a collection of models, each partial and less than fully accurate, is the best we should hope for. I also connect the idea of modest modeling with some more general ideas about reduction and emergence, due to Daniel Dennett, David Wallace, and Sean Carroll.
Inter-Level Coherence
Authors: Greco Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In chapter six I'll argue that many cases that have been seen as illustrating divergences between first-order and higher-order epistemic statuses—cases where someone knows, but doesn't know that she knows, or has evidence, but lacks evidence that she has evidence—are better understood in other terms. We can model such cases in a framework in which higher-order intrapersonal knowledge and evidence are trivial, so long as we are modest modelers who accept that no single model in that framework can capture everything we might hope for. Moreover, I argue that rival frameworks introduce added complexity into epistemological modeling without a corresponding gain in explanatory power.
Modeling Common Knowledge
Authors: Greco Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In chapter seven I defend the fruitfulness of models including common knowledge—knowledge that we know that we know…ad infinitum—against some recent attacks. Some of those attacks—from Williamson, Hawthorne, and Magidor—turn on rejecting the sorts of principles concerning relations between first-order and higher-order knowledge that I defend in chapter six. Another, due to Harvey Lederman, does not; Lederman grants the KK thesis—if you know that P, you know that you know—for the sake of argument, and contends that even with that major concession, common knowledge is impossible. Ultimately, I'll argue that Lederman's strategy looks much less persuasive once we adopt a modest modeling perspective.
Meeting the conservation challenge
Authors: Whittaker Robert J. , Fernández-Palacios José María , Matthews Thomas J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
‘Meeting the conservation challenge’ outlines the distinctive environmental and conservation challenges facing islands and their human societies. It illustrates this theme through consideration of climate change impacts on the Maldives, sea-level increase, and links to geopolitics in the central and western Pacific, the impacts of phosphate mining in Nauru, and the growth of economies currently linked strongly to tourism in the Canaries and the Galápagos. It asks how societies should prioritize what features of insular ecosystems to conserve and restore? It describes and evaluates some key science and policy instruments for doing so, including responding to (and sometimes eliminating) invasive non-native species, species translocations, reintroductions, and rewilding. It also reviews the deployment of protected area and species protection schemes, illustrated by the Canaries. It argues that island conservation depends on building societal support and it closes with 10 suggested conservation priorities for remote island systems.
Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Ruban Anatoly , Gajjar Jitesh , Walton Andrew 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This is Part 4 of a book series on fluid dynamics that comprises the following parts: Part 1. Classical Fluid Dynamics Part 2. Asymptotic Problems of Fluid Dynamics Part 3. Boundary Layers Part 4. Hydrodynamic Stability Theory The series is designed to give a comprehensive and coherent description of fluid dynamics, commencing with classical theory suitable for undergraduate lectures, and progressing through to more advanced material at the frontiers of modern research. Part 4 is devoted to hydrodynamic stability theory. In Chapter 1 we introduce the concept of the linear instability of fluid flows, and formulate the Orr–Sommerfeld and Rayleigh equations. We include discussions of Kelvin–Helmholtz, cross-flow, and centrifugal instabilities. In Chapter 2 we employ high Reynolds number analysis to analyse the behaviour of disturbances in the vicinity of the branches of the linear neutral curve. An internal structure that plays a vital role in this description is the critical layer and its properties are discussed in some detail. In Chapter 3 we introduce receptivity theory where the process of excitation of instability modes in the boundary layer by agencies such as free-stream turbulence, acoustic noise, and surface roughness is studied. In Chapter 4 we formulate the Landau-Stuart equation describing how weak nonlinearity of disturbances influences the critical Reynolds number. In addition, we present finite amplitude travelling wave solutions which lead to the concept of a neutral surface. Finally, in Chapter 5 we discuss self-sustaining processes in which large-scale coherent structures in the flow and finite-amplitude travelling waves exist in harmony.
High-Reynolds-Number Analysis of Parallel and Shear Flow Instabilities
Authors: Ruban Anatoly I. , Gajjar Jitesh S. B. , Walton Andrew G. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Asymptotic methods are used to study the stability properties of various flows in the high Reynolds number limit. Numerical computations of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation for finite Reynolds numbers demonstrate the existence of two distinct branches of the linear neutral curve: the lower branch and upper branch. The asymptotic analysis is carried out firstly for boundary layer flows under the parallel flow assumption, and then for plane Poiseuille flow, examining stability properties in the vicinity of the two branches following closely the work of Lin (1946). For the lower branch, we obtain the triple-deck structure discussed in detail in Part 3 of this book series. A crucial part of the upper branch structure is the critical layer. Its properties are studied in some detail, including the changes in the internal dynamics that arise as the disturbance size is increased, using ideas first proposed by Benney and Bergeron (1969) and Haberman (1972).
Decolonizing Self-Determination
Authors: Forjwuor Bernard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
I reconstruct the framework for a new critical practice formulated as a repudiation/refutation of not just the “authority of dogmatism” but also the normativity in Eurocentric thought. I delink the critical practice from its anticipatory progression into the inevitable reification of Eurocentric normative considerations. Thus, an antinormative and logical critique of self-determination are developed that refute the presupposed meaning of normative colonial discourse from which self-determination is conceptualized as its antithesis. This chapter challenges the meaning and conceptual occupations of colonialism by critiquing the hegemonic formulation of the concept that forecloses accounts of colonialism’s persistent postcolonial political iterations. For instance, I engage the logical and legal presupposition upon which Chapter XI, Resolutions 1541 and 1514 of the UN Charter on decolonization established self-governance as coterminous to decolonization. The fallacious and legally duplicitous argument reduced the complex colonial form to settler colonialism when, in fact, settler colonial arrangements were only specific to places like the US, Canada, South Africa, and Australia. At the same time, Resolutions 2625 and 2105 occluded these classic cases of settler colonialism from their consideration/thinking of how self-governance should be enforced, as the question of sovereignty in the context of settler colonialism could only have been resolved through the removal of colonial settlers in these countries. And yet self-governance, which does not apply to the kind of colonialism in Ghana/Africa (more broadly), was framed as central to African liberation in places where colonialism was designed to outlive physical European presence/territorial aggrandizement.
The Constituent Specter of Colonialism
Authors: Forjwuor Bernard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter retheorizes the colonial as constitutive, transcendental, and immanent in postcolonial liberal democracy politics. It approaches the full elaboration of the ontological dimension of colonialism from the perspective of the concept of “constituent specter.” Thus, to suggest that the colonial in liberal democracy is a constituent power and also a specter is to highlight the return of that which is symbolically repressed/castrated through the discourses/practices of political independence and sovereignty to haunt “decolonized” politics. The spectrality of colonialism within the conceptual jurisdiction of a sovereign postcolonial liberal democracy renders this political medium incapable of referencing/signifying decolonization (in its emancipatory gestures) as the foundational moment of its naming/emergence. Indeed, not only does this specter haunt the system from which it is assumed to have been symbolically separated, but it also becomes its constituent force/power: its constituent dictation at the moment of haunting.
Stemming Communist Influence in Central Africa
Authors: Kinsey Christopher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Using historical documents from the Kennedy Library, this chapter examines the close working relationship between the CIA and the mercenary Cuban pilots it employed to help Mobutu retain control over the country during the Simba rebellion of 1964–5. Moreover, the example shows how far the US government was prepared to go in using mercenaries to safeguard US interests in Africa, while at the same time distancing itself from them at the height of the Cold War. The US government faced considerable political constraints in its handling of the Congo rebellions. First, the country was already involved in a ground war in Vietnam and therefore deploying the military to the Congo was out of the question. Second, it could not be seen to rely on white mercenaries as this would undermine its relationship with the newly independent African states. At the same time, the USA needed to protect its vital interests in the region as well as keeping the Russian and Chinese out of the Congo. By giving the task to the CIA to build a small covert air force and navy, the CIA was able to successfully defeat the rebels and protect US vital interests at the same time, while keeping their involvement secret.
How to evolve a dragon
Authors: Cutter Asher D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Considers explicitly the notion of orchestrating the evolution of new species. Deliberates trade-offs of logistical considerations and anticipates ethical concerns, each of which receives devoted attention in later chapters. Outlines the traits and inspirations from mythological creatures and the traits of real-world counterparts, including skunks, cobras, and bombardier beetles. Contemplates the multifarious sex lives of different species and the implications for selective breeding and genetic engineering, from asexuality of aphids to hermaphroditism of clown fish to the polyamorous cellular fusion of the bodies of male anglerfish to their female mates. Summarizes the reasons why biparental reproduction is a prerequisite for evolutionary engineering.
When nature comes to call
Authors: Cutter Asher D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Examines the complexities of social and biological impacts of new species. Shows how the Anthropocene interventions of humans into nature have been beneficial to some species, have led to biological invasions, and how, for other species faced most starkly with climate change, movement to new ranges can be essential for species persistence. Deliberates alternative ideas of authenticity in nature and wilderness. Describes ecological engineering by animals themselves and the feedback between organisms and the environment, including urban environments, that leave an evolutionary footprint. Documents examples with hippos, clover, mosquitoes, African elephants, beavers, engineered bacteria as synthetic life, and abandoned landscapes like those around nuclear disaster sites and old mining towns. Illustrates how evolution takes on a life of its own and how the anxieties about nature differ according to what timeframe people consider, from months to millennia to eons.
Introduction
Authors: Baylis John , Eames Anthony 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Trust is at the heart of the Anglo-American nuclear alliance. it makes the exchange of information possible and guarantees the working of extended deterrence. A great deal of the Trust research undertaken so far has been concerned with the challenges of developing trust between adversaries. How far does this research help in the understanding of trust between allies, especially where nuclear weapons are concerned? To answer this we explore the depth and complexity of Anglo-American nuclear cooperation and in so doing provide new theoretical insights into the nature of trust, in particular its ambiguous quality.
Rebuilding Nuclear Trust, 1956–8
Authors: Baylis John , Eames Anthony 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Soviet launch of Sputnik gave a renewed sense of urgency to nuclear cooperation and was the impetus for a restoration of relations between the United States and United Kingdom following the Suez Crisis. Nevertheless, ambiguity persisted as the United States and United Kingdom experimented with dual-key arrangements to overcome the problem of consultation on the use of nuclear weapons. A close relationship between Harold Macmillan and Dwight Eisenhower set the special relationship on a productive course leading to the 1958 Mutual Defence Agreement (MDA). The rebuilding of the relationship brought about corresponding criticism of the nuclear arms race among scientists and publics. Anti-nuclear sentiment and culture would henceforth be a particularly dynamic component of the Anglo-American nuclear partnership.
After the Cold War
Authors: Baylis John , Eames Anthony 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The end of the Cold War brought about a rapid change in the global security environment in which the Anglo-American nuclear partnership had evolved. In the 1990s, interests appeared to diverge, personal relationships frayed, and calls for a peace dividend resulted in the disinvestment in nuclear weapons. However, 9/11 created a new justification for the special relationship that invigorated nuclear cooperation. Subsequently, as the utility and cost of nuclear weapons became more under question, the US and UK remained in lockstep over nuclear issues. Perhaps the most significant post-Cold War development was that nuclear weapons went from an extraordinary issue that commanded the attention of both states’ leadership to a more mundane feature of the special relationship handled by their respective bureaucracies.
Master's programmes at Sino‐foreign cooperative universities in China: An analysis of the neoliberal practices
Authors: Lai Mei , Jung Jisun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study explores the current status and practices of master's programmes at Sino‐foreign cooperative universities (SFCUs) in China. A document analysis of university publications is conducted on 133 master's programmes at nine SFCUs. The findings show the diversified development of disciplines and heterogeneity across nine universities. By examining how these programmes entangle with neoliberal ideas, marketisation and western orientation are found to be mobilised and reinforced in the internationalisation process. From the postcolonial perspective, this study identifies the practices of mimicry and resistance in operating master's programmes under transnational partnerships. The findings have implications in terms of educational equalities, the implementation of master's programmes in transnational higher education and the balance between home and host institutions in practice.
Research on Effect Factors of Mechanical Response of Polyethylene Gas Pipeline in Karst Area Based on Element Birth and Death Technique
Authors: Li Qiaochu , Chen Junhua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Buried gas pipelines in karst area are inevitably affected by the geotechnical activities, which is difficult to resist the permanent ground displacement caused by soil dislocation and surface damage. In this paper, abaqus finite element software has been used to establish a pipe-soil nonlinear coupling model based on element birth and death technique. The influence rules of various sensitive factors on the stress response of gas pipelines are studied. The work presented in this paper can provide a reference for the design and safety of polyethylene gas pipeline crossing the karst area.
Mechanism Design and Workspace Analysis of a Hexapod Robot With Changeable Morphology
Authors: Qi Chenkun , Li Huayang , Chen Xianbao , Chen Zhijun , Wang Weijun , Gao Feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Here, the morphology of a legged robot refers to the standing/crawling pose of the robot and the forward/backward orientation of the knee, which are related to the configurations of all leg mechanisms. The standing/crawling pose of the robot determines the body height and the leg supporting region size, which are related to the obstacle-traversing and arch-traversing capability. The proper knee orientation can reduce the leg–ground interference risk and help select a good foothold. Therefore, the terrain adaptability can be enhanced if the morphology of the legged robot is changeable. Motivated by this, a hexapod robot capable of morphology conversion is designed in this study. For the leg mechanism, a double-parallelogram transmission mechanism is used to change the forward/backward orientation of the knee. The hexapod robot can transform between the crawling pose and the standing pose and can also transform among four standing morphologies (i.e., the knee–elbow, knee–knee, elbow–knee, and elbow–elbow morphologies). The appropriate robot morphology can be determined according to the terrain type. The lateral reachable body workspaces are derived analytically for different morphologies, which is useful for motion planning. Simulations and experiments are used to verify the design and analysis of the hexapod robot.