bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mice with endothelial cell‐selective adhesion molecule deficiency develop coronary microvascular rarefaction and left ventricle diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Buncha Vadym , Fopiano Katie Anne , Lang Liwei , Williams Celestine , Horuzsko Anatolij , Filosa Jessica Andrea , Kapuku Gaston , Bagi Zsolt 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEndothelial cell‐selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) regulates inflammatory cell adhesion and transmigration and promotes angiogenesis. Here, we examined the role of ESAM in cardiac vascularization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and left ventricle (LV) diastolic function under basal and hemodynamic stress conditions. We employed mice with homozygous genetic deletion of ESAM (ESAM−/−) and also performed uninephrectomy and aldosterone infusion (UNX‐Aldo) to induce volume and pressure overload. Using echocardiography, we found that ESAM−/− mice display no change in systolic function. However, they develop LV diastolic dysfunction, as indicated by a significantly reduced E/A ratio (E = early, A = late mitral inflow peak velocities), increased E/e’ ratio, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), and E wave deceleration time. An unbiased automated tracing and 3D reconstruction of coronary vasculature revealed that ESAM−/− mice had reduced coronary vascular density. Arteries of ESAM−/− mice exhibited impaired endothelial sprouting and in cultured endothelial cells siRNA‐mediated ESAM knockdown reduced tube formation. Changes in ESAM−/− mice were accompanied by elevated myocardial inflammatory cytokine and myeloperoxidase‐positive neutrophil levels. Furthermore, UNX‐Aldo procedure in wild type mice induced LV diastolic dysfunction, which was accompanied by significantly increased serum ESAM levels. When compared to wild types, ESAM−/− mice with UNX‐Aldo displayed worsening of LV diastolic function, as indicated by increased IVRT and pulmonary edema. Thus, we propose that ESAM plays a mechanistic role in proper myocardial vascularization and the maintenance of LV diastolic function under basal and hemodynamic stress conditions.
Separation functions and mild topologies
Authors: Mennucci Andrea C. G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Given

M

M

and

N

N

Hausdorff topological spaces, we study topologies on the space

C

0

(

M
;

N

)

{C}^{0}\left(M;\hspace{0.33em}N)

of continuous maps

f
:
M
→
N

f:M\to N

. We review two classical topologies, the “strong” and the “weak” topology. We propose a definition of “mild topology” that is coarser than the “strong” and finer than the “weak” topology. We compare properties of these three topologies, in particular with respect to proper continuous maps

f
:
M
→
N

f:M\to N

, and affine actions when

N
=

R

n

N={{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}

. To define the “mild topology” we use “separation functions;” these “separation functions” are somewhat similar to the usual “distance function

d

(

x
,
y

)

d\left(x,y)

” in metric spaces

(

M
,
d

)

\left(M,d)

, but have weaker requirements. Separation functions are used to define pseudo balls that are a global base for a T2 topology. Under some additional hypotheses, we can define “set separation functions” that prove that the topology is T6. Moreover, under further hypotheses, we will prove that the topology is metrizable. We provide some examples of uses of separation functions: one is the aforementioned case of the mild topology on

C

0

(

M
;

N

)

{C}^{0}\left(M;\hspace{0.33em}N)

. Other examples are the Sorgenfrey line and the topology of topological manifolds.
Rachel Seiffert’sA Boy in Winter(2017) and the Literary Construction of Ukraine
Authors: Vice Sue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article analyses the literary representation of Nazi-occupied Ukraine in Rachel Seiffert’s 2017 novelA Boy in Winter. It does so by exploring the novel’s documentary and fictional influences, from which its concern with the genocide of the Jews and the German colonization of the East is crafted. The alterations and omissions from the historical accounts and the novel’s use of modernist literary techniques combine in a way that resembles the methods of other examples of Holocaust fiction, but in this case to create a distinctive allegorical mode. The article concludes by arguing that ultimately the most significant influence onA Boy in Winteris a novel from almost a century earlier, Joseph Roth’sThe Radetzky March(1932).
Time-varying gradient metasurface with applications in all-optical beam steering
Authors: Karimi Mohammad , Alam M. Zahirul , Upham Jeremy , Reshef Orad , Boyd Robert W. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Integrating the large, subpicosecond nonlinear optical response of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials with the broad design freedoms of plasmonic metasurfaces shows potential for creating rapidly modulated optical devices with possible applications in telecommunications, sensing, and reactive beam steering. In this work, we experimentally investigate a metasurface consisting of a plasmonic gradient array on a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO), characterize how incident probe pulses diffract from a system as it is being dynamically modulated by a pump pulse at wavelengths near the ENZ region. Angular shifts in the diffraction orders are observed and can be principally attributed to the adiabatic wavelength conversion of the probe as it witnesses the temporal change of index induced by the pump. Of note, the asymmetric gradient metasurface, considered to be a blazed diffraction grating, shows significantly different dynamic responses for different diffraction orders. The free-space wavelength shift to +1 and −1 diffraction orders is 6 and 12 nm, resulting in steering angle changes of 0.65 and 1.5°, respectively.
Crystal structure of 7α,11α-dihydroxy-15-oxo-ent-kauran-16-en-19,6β-olide, C20H26O5
Authors: Zhang Lu , Yuan Hang , Ye Jiang-Hai , He Kang , Lai Chun-Hua , Zou Juan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
C20H26O5, monoclinic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.5455(15) Å, b = 12.735(3) Å, c = 18.333(4) Å, V = 1761.6(6) Å3, Z = 4,

R

g
t

${R}_{gt}$

(F) = 0.0529,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{ref}$

(F
2) = 0.1407, T = 273(2) K.
Differential Laminar Activation Dissociates Encoding and Retrieval in the Human Medial and Lateral Entorhinal Cortex
Authors: Zhang Kaihua , Chen Liuyi , Li Yinghao , Paez Adrian G. , Miao Xinyuan , Cao Di , Gu Chunming , Pekar James J. , van Zijl Peter C.M. , Hua Jun , Bakker Arnold 
Published: March 2023

The hierarchically organized structures of the medial temporal lobe are critically important for episodic memory function. Accumulating evidence suggests dissociable information processing pathways are maintained throughout these structures including in the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex. Cortical layers provide an additional dimension of dissociation as the primary input to the hippocampus derives from layer 2 neurons in the entorhinal cortex, whereas the deeper layers primarily receive output from the hippocampus. Here, novel high-resolution T2-prepared functional MRI methods were successfully used to mitigate susceptibility artifacts typically affecting MRI signals in this region providing uniform sensitivity across the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex. During the performance of a memory task, healthy human subjects (age 25–33 years, mean age 28.2 ± 3.3 years, 4 female) showed differential functional activation in the superficial and deep layers of the entorhinal cortex associated with task-related encoding and retrieval conditions, respectively. The methods provided here offer an approach to probe layer-specific activation in normal cognition and conditions contributing to memory impairment.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study provides new evidence for differential neuronal activation in the superficial versus deep layers of the entorhinal cortex associated with encoding and retrieval memory processes, respectively, in cognitively normal adults. The study further shows that this dissociation can be observed in both the medial and the lateral entorhinal cortex. The study was achieved by using a novel functional MRI method allowing us to measure robust functional MRI signals in both the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex that was not possible in previous studies. The methodology established here in healthy human subjects lays a solid foundation for subsequent studies investigating layer-specific and region-specific changes in the entorhinal cortex associated with memory impairment in various conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
Pairing with Enriched Sound Exposure Restores Auditory Processing Degraded by an Antidepressant
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Chen Ruru , Su Bowen , Zhang Guimin , Sun Yutian , An Pengying , Fang Yue , Zhang Yifan , Shan Ye , de Villers-Sidani Étienne , Wang Yunfeng , Zhou Xiaoming 
Published: March 2023

Antidepressants, while effective in treating depression and anxiety disorders, also induce deficits in sensory (particularly auditory) processing, which in turn may exacerbate psychiatric symptoms. How antidepressants cause auditory signature deficits remains largely unknown. Here, we found that fluoxetine-treated adult female rats were significantly less accurate when performing a tone-frequency discrimination task compared with age-matched control rats. Their cortical neurons also responded less selectively to sound frequencies. The degraded behavioral and cortical processing was accompanied by decreased cortical perineuronal nets, particularly those wrapped around parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons. Furthermore, fluoxetine induced critical period-like plasticity in their already mature auditory cortices; therefore, a brief rearing of these drug-treated rats under an enriched acoustic environment renormalized auditory processing degraded by fluoxetine. The altered cortical expression of perineuronal nets was also reversed as a result of enriched sound exposure. These findings suggest that the adverse effects of antidepressants on auditory processing, possibly because of a reduction in intracortical inhibition, can be substantially alleviated by simply pairing drug treatment with passive, enriched sound exposure. They have important implications for understanding the neurobiological basis of antidepressant effects on hearing and for designing novel pharmacological treatment strategies for psychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTClinical experience suggests that antidepressants adversely affect sensory (particularly auditory) processing, which can exacerbate patients' psychiatric symptoms. Here, we show that the antidepressant fluoxetine reduces cortical inhibition in adult rats, leading to degraded behavioral and cortical spectral processing of sound. Importantly, fluoxetine induces a critical period-like state of plasticity in the mature cortex; therefore, a brief rearing under an enriched acoustic environment is sufficient to reverse the changes in auditory processing caused by the administration of fluoxetine. These results provide a putative neurobiological basis for the effects of antidepressants on hearing and indicate that antidepressant treatment combined with enriched sensory experiences could optimize clinical outcomes.
Skull ethnic classification by combining skull auxiliary image with deep learning
Authors: Sun Huijie , Zhao Junli , Wang Chengyuan , Li Yi , Zhang Niankai , Zhou Mingquan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundChina is a multi‐ethnic country. It is of great significance for the skull identification to realize the skull ethnic classification through computers, which can promote the development of forensic anthropology and accelerate the exploration of national development.MethodsIn this paper, the 3D skull model is transformed into 2D auxiliary image including curvature, depth and elevation information, and then the deep learning method of the 2D auxiliary image is used for ethnic classification. We construct a convolution neural network structure inspired by VGGNet16 which has achieved excellent performance on image classification. In order to optimize the network, Adam algorithm is adopted to avoid falling into local minimum, and to ensure the stability of the algorithm with regularization terms.ResultsExperiments on 400 skull models have been conducted for ethnic classification by our method. We set different learning rates to compare the performance of the model, the highest accuracy of ethnic classification is 98.75%, which have better performance than other five classical neural network structures.ConclusionsDeep learning based on skull auxiliary image for skull ethnic classification is an automatic and effective method with great application significance.
Network pharmacology research of mechanism of Maxing Shigan Decoction in treating COVID‐19
Authors: Wang Xian‐Fang , Du Zhi‐Yong , Li Qi‐Meng , Liu Yi‐Feng , Ma Shao‐Hui , Cui Jui‐Wei 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe COVID‐19 has a huge negative impact on people’s health. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a good effect on viral pneumonia. It is of great practical significance to study its pharmacology.MethodsThe ingredients and targets of each herb in Maxing Shigan Decoction which obtained from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, and the related targets of COVID‐19 were screened by GeneCards database based on the network pharmacology. Venn was used to analyze the intersection target between active ingredients and diseases. Cytoscape software was used to construct an active ingredient‐disease target network. The Protein‐Protein Interaction network was constructed by STRING database and Cytohubba was used to screen out the key targets. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed by David database.ResultsIn this study, a total of 134 active ingredients and 229 related targets, 198 targets of COVID‐19 and 48 common targets of drug‐disease were chosen. Enrichment items and pathways were obtained through GO and KEGG pathway analysis. The predicted active ingredients were quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, naringenin, glycyrol, and the key targets involved IL6, MAPK3, MAPK8, CASP3, IL10, etc. The results showed that the active ingredients of Maxing Shigan Decoction acted on multiple targets which played roles in the treatment of COVID‐19 by regulating inflammation, immune system and other pathways.ConclusionsThe main contribution of this paper is to use data to mine the principles of the treatment of COVID‐19 from the pharmacology of these prescriptions, and the results can be provided theoretical reference for medical workers.
Adulto mayor: La familia como red social en la reducción de la pobreza en Colombia
Authors: Roldán Ramírez Elvia Lucía , Ceballos Zuluaga David , Sánchez Galvis Yuli Alejandra 
Published: March 2023

Resumen:
La investigación buscó describir las acciones de la red social familiar y su influencia en la reducción de la pobreza del adulto mayor, destacando los apoyos que reciben, sean los mismos materiales, instrumentales, cognitivos o emocionales. El desarrollo de la investigación fue de orden cualitativo, con diseño fenomenológico, relacionando tanto a los adultos mayores, como a las personas miembros de la red de apoyo. La técnica de recolección de datos utilizada fue la entrevista semiestructurada la cual buscó acercar al investigador a las condiciones sociales y culturales donde conviven las personas adultas mayores, todas ellas en un rango de edad entre 60 y 90 años, pertenecientes a los estratos uno y dos en las ciudades de Bogotá y Medellín. Los resultados permitieron identificar las acciones de la red social familiar, así como la relación emocional que se da directamente con la familia, especialmente con los hijos/as quienes llevan adelante acciones encaminadas a fortalecer el apoyo instrumental y emocional posible para suplir las necesidades básicas del adulto mayor. La investigación también logra destacar las barreras laborales, la falta de acceso a mesada pensional y los diferentes obstáculos a los que se enfrentan para acceder a programas del adulto mayor.

Palabras Clave: adulto mayor, pobreza, redes sociales (medios sociales, capital social), familia.

*Este artículo es el resultado de la investigación: La familia como red social en la reducción de la pobreza del adulto mayor.
**Universidad de La Sabana. Trabajadora Social de la Universidad de La Salle, Magister en Educación con énfasis en participación comunitaria de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Especialista en Salud Familiar y comunitaria de la Universidad El Bosque.
Profesora e Investigadora de la Universidad de La Sabana.
Correo: lucia.roldan_cont@unisabana.edu.co
Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-4573

***Universidad de La Sabana. Ingeniero Industrial de la Universidad de La Sabana, Profesor de filosofía. Magister en Asesoría Familiar y Gestión de Programas para la Familia. Universidad de La Sabana. Analista de Innovación, Solvo Global
Correo: davidcece@unisabana.edu.co
Orcid: https://orcid.org./0000_0001-9692-0255
****Universidad de La Sabana. Administradora de Empresas de la Universidad la Gran Colombia, Especialista en Gerencia y Mercadeo de la Universidad la Gran Colombia, Especialista en Psicología Educativa de la Universidad de La Sabana. Magister en Asesoría Familiar y Gestión de Programas para la Familia, Universidad de La Sabana.
Correo: yulisaga@unisabana.edu.co
Orcid: Https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-5449
Investigating teeth root stresses of various spur gears using stress function and FEM
Authors: Abbas Alani A.N. , Ali Ahmed H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe gear is the most efficient and reliable portion of the transmission system. In machine tools, gears are utilized to handle heavy loads. These gears are used indefinitely if the prerequisites are met. Gear tooth bending stress for numerous spur gears has been examined in this research. The influence of changing the pressure angles on the spur gear tooth root stress has been investigated. The purpose of this study is to look for a new way of finding the stresses generated in the roots of the gear teeth as well as the effect of changing pressure angles on these stresses. Solidworks 2021 uses parametric formulation to model gears, analyzed for deformation and maximum bending stress in ANSYS. The airy stress function is used to conduct the nominal root tooth stress. The enhancement percentages of modified cases are 5.92%, 1.70%, 10.70%, 17.22%, 10.86%, 24.32%, 20.91%, and 26.15% for the cases 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively according to the stress function findings.
Efferent blood supply to the right hepatic lobe regarding its transplantation from a living donor: variant anatomy, classification. Part 1
Authors: Voskanyan S. E. , Kolyshev I. Yu. , Bashkov A. N. , Artemiev A. I. , Rudakov V. S. , Shabalin M. V. , Maltseva A. P. , Popov M. V. , Sushkov A. I. , Vohmyanin G. V. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To describe new data and to complement the existing information about the anatomic features of the hepatic vein structure in the donor of the right hepatic lobe, to formulate the principles of donor selection proceeding from vascular anatomy.Materials and methods. 306 liver transplantations from living related donors were performed at A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia from 2009 to 2021. The vascular anatomy of 518 potential donors was analyzed. The prevalence of different vein structures of the right hepatic lobe was assessed.Results. The authors identified 14 subtypes of anatomy of efferent vessels. They were classified into 3 types depending on the contribution of the median vein to the blood outflow from the right hepatic lobe: caval (67.3%), cava medial (semi-separate, 29%), and separate (3.6%).Conclusion. The anatomy of the efferent vessels of the right lobe graft is characterized by variability and complexity. It requires accurate assessment at the preoperative stage (CT scanning) to be ready for reconstruction of any complexity.
Examining The Effect of Different Networks on Foreign Object Debris Detection
Authors: KAYA Duygu 
Published: March 2023

Foreign Object Debris (FOD) at airports poses a risk to aircraft and passenger safety. FOD can seriously harm aircraft engines and injure personnel. Accurate and careful FOD detection is of great importance for a safe flight.
According to the FAA's report, FOD types are aircraft fasteners such as nut, safety; aircraft parts such as fuel blast, landing gear parts, rubber parts; construction materials such as wooden pieces, stones; plastic materials, natural plant and animal parts. For this purpose, in this study, the effect of different networks and optimizer on object detection and accuracy analysis were examined by using a data set of possible materials at the airport. AlexNet, Resnet18 and Squeezenet networks were used. Application is applied two stages. The first one, 3000 data were divided into two parts, 70% to 30%, training and test data, and the results were obtained. The second one, 3000 data were used for training, except for the training data, 440 data were used for validation. Also, for each application, both SGDM and ADAM optimizer are used. The best result is obtained from ADAM optimizer with Resnet18, accuracy rate is %99,56.
A Method to Simulate High-Frequency Decay of Acceleration Spectra of Ground Motions without the Need for Kappa or fmax Filters
Authors: Beresnev Igor A. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTA well-known difficulty in the popular simulations of earthquake ground motions for seismic hazard assessment using the point-source model is overprediction of high-frequency spectra. Ad hoc high-cut filtering, known as fmax or the kappa effect, is required to render the high-frequency content to match observations. The physical origin of such filtering’s realistically occurring in nature has remained largely unclear. The difficulty is naturally resolved if (1) the shape of the source time function is allowed to deviate from the traditional form radiating the omega-square spectrum and replaced by the function producing the high-frequency falloff not equal to the power of 2, and (2) the high-frequency suppression due to finite-fault dimensions (the finite-fault directivity) is accounted for. The verification database consists of 20 earthquakes in the magnitude range from 4 to 6 recorded in boreholes on rock sites in southwestern Japan by the KiK-net network. The events are those observed by the greatest number of stations. Path-effect corrections using three independently determined attenuation laws lead to the isolation of the average observed source spectra. Simulations of the spectra through the kappa-filtered omega-square model offer no advantage over those using the omega-n source model combined with the finite-fault effect. The inclusion of fault directivity thus eliminates the need for kappa filtering. The high-frequency suppression, required to simulate realistic ground-motion spectra, can be fully explained by the source effect with clear physical meaning.
Topographic effects on the seismic response of steep slopes
Authors: Ashford Scott A. , Sitar Nicholas , Lysmer John , Deng Nan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA frequency-domain parametric study using generalized consistent transmitting boundaries has been performed to evaluate the significance of topographic effects on the seismic response of steep slopes. The results show that the peak amplification of motion at the crest of a slope occurs at a normalized frequency H/λ = 0.2, where H is the slope height and λ is the wavelength of the motion. The importance of the natural site frequency is illustrated by the analysis of a stepped layer over a half-space. It was found that the natural frequency of the region behind the crest can dominate the response, relative to the topographic effect, for the conditions studied. Moreover, the effect of topography can be handled separately from the amplification due to the natural frequency of the deposit behind the crest of the slope. This concept of separating the amplification caused by topography from that caused by the natural frequency is advantageous to the development of a simplified method to estimate topographic effects.