bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hate Speech and Reality Check Analysis of Disaster Tweets using BERT Deep Learning Model
Authors: Manchala Sadanandam B. V. Pranay Kumar, 
Published: May 2023

This study looks into the application of the BERT model for a reality check analysis of disaster-related tweets. The project intends to tackle the problem of authenticating information on natural disasters posted on social media, which is frequently inaccurate or misleading. Modern natural language processing models like the BERT model have shown promise in various language understanding tasks. The "Disaster Tweets" dataset, which includes tweets linked to genuine disasters and tweets unrelated to disasters, is used in the study to assess the performance of the BERT model. A fine-tuning method is used to train the BERT model on the training set after dividing the dataset into training and testing sets. The model is then put to the test on the test set, and its performance is assessed using metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score.
The experimental findings show that the BERT model performed well overall in categorizing tweets about disasters. The model performed well for both groups, with somewhat superior performance for tweets about actual disasters, according to the criteria of precision, recall, and f1-score. According to the accuracy metric, the model's overall accuracy was 86%, which is a promising outcome. The BERT model's potential uses in disaster response and management are also covered in this essay. The model can be used to track down false information about catastrophes, estimate the severity of damage caused by disasters, plan response activities, and create predictive models for future disasters. It can also be used to gauge the sentiment of tweets about disasters. The BERT model must, however, be used in a manner that takes into account a number of issues, including data quality, generalizability, computational resources, interpretability, and ethical considerations.
Overall, this research emphasizes the significance of utilizing NLP approaches to validate the veracity of catastrophe-related information published on social media and enhance disaster response and management initiatives. The BERT model is a useful instrument for reaching this objective, but more investigation is required to solve the model's difficulties and constraints and guarantee its efficacy and dependability in a range of situations.
Introduction to the Digitization of Seismic Data: A User’s Guide
Authors: Ringler Adam T. , Anthony Robert E. , Bastien Patrick , Pascale Adam , Merchant Bion J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Modern seismic data are collected, distributed, and analyzed using digital formats, and this has become a standard for the field. Although most modern seismometers still make use of analog electronic circuits, their data are converted from an analog voltage output to time-tagged counts by way of digitization. Although much of the digitization process is not complicated to conceptualize, there is a fair bit of jargon in digitizer specifications, and a few pitfalls that can arise in the processes of recording and analyzing ground-motion data. In this article, we review some of the fundamental physical properties of data acquisition systems and the basic steps in digitizing data from an analog instrument (specifically a seismometer). We then briefly discuss the digitization process and some of the key properties needed to make these data useful for seismological applications. Finally, we discuss some of the filtering processes that naturally arise from digitization and how it can affect the processing workflow. The end goal is to provide a user guide that will enable seismologists to have a working knowledge of the digitization process. We focus on aspects central to seismological applications and have tried to avoid getting bogged down in signal processing formalism.
Seismic Noise Reduction as a Function of Depth Recorded by a Vertical Array Installed in a 285-m-Deep Borehole at a Gas Storage Field in Northern Italy
Authors: Rossi Camilla , Grigoli Francesco , Gasperini Paolo , Gandolfi Stefano , Cocorullo Chiara , Gukov Timur , Macini Paolo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The background seismic noise can be generated by different sources such as, ocean waves (microseisms), atmospheric disturbances (strong wind and storms), and anthropogenic activities, temperature changes and magnetic field variations. Such disturbances are characterized by specific frequency bands, time occurrence (diurnal and seasonal variation), and site location (close to populated areas or to the coasts). Reducing the pernicious effect of these noise sources is one of the main challenges that seismologists and engineers need to face when designing seismic monitoring networks and, more specifically when selecting the hosting site of a seismic station. A solution to partially attenuate the seismic noise effect is achieved by deploying seismic stations in boreholes. A general law estimating the sufficient depth to gain to detect even low seismic events, highly masked by background noise, is fundamental for defining the capability of microseismic network. Here, we aim to characterize the seismic noise level at S. Potito-Cotignola in the Po Valley, Italy, from January 2019 to December 2021 recorded by a broadband seismic station at surface and a vertical array composed by six short-period three-component seismometers installed at depth ranging between 35 and 285 m in borehole. We compute the amplitude noise reduction as a function of depth for different frequencies and we evaluate the depth dependency of the signal to noise ratio for 18 seismic events, with different magnitude (from −0.1 to 2.9) and hypocentral distances (from 12.9 to 37.2 km). Results show that (1) the dependence of noise level with depth follows a logarithmic empirical trend and (2) most of the selected seismic events show that signal to noise ratio increases with depth. The empirical relationships we estimated can be used to help the design of microseismic monitoring networks in similar geological settings.
ISTEK AISYIYAH: Aktualisasi Pemikiran Progresif Komunitas Perempuan SULTRA
Authors: Alifuddin Muhammad , Muallimah Muallimah , Irayanti Irma , Rosmini Rosmini 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan pemikiran progresif Aisyiyah dalam bidang pendidikan serta bagaimana startegi Aisyiyah Sultra mengelola kesempatan dan memobilisasi kekuatannya untuk mewujudkan layananan pendidikan tinggi bagi masyarakat. Data-data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Seluruh data dianalisis dengan menggunakan paradigma Miles dan Huberman. Merujuk pada data serta analisis yang dilakukan diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut: (1). Aisyiyah Sultra mampu dengan baik mendorong energi positif warganya untuk mengaktualkan ide menjadi monument sekaligus membuktikan diri sebagai perempuan berkarakter progressive, kerja keras, dan berbudaya filantropis. ISTEK adalah penanda identitas dan eksistensial bahwa Aisyiyah Sultra terus bergerak membangun kebaikan semesta. Ruang kesempatan poltik yang terbuka dimanfaatkan secara elegan untuk semakin maksimal dalam menunjukkan bakti kepada negeri. (2). Bahwa dalam faktanya Aisyiyah tidak memiliki fundamental ekonomi sebagai sumber pembiayaan, tidak kemudian menjadikannya lesu dara dan kehilangan semangat. Daya filantropi sebagai karakter DNA Aisyiyah di manage secara elegan oleh aktor dengan cara menyuntikkan narasi-narasi positif (framing) yang kemudian mampu memicu, melipatgandakan semangat berderma elemen Aisyiyah, sehingga dalam waktu dua tahun, ISTEK sebagai penanda gerakan dan pikira progresif Aisyiyah di bidang pendidikan terwujud. (3). Sebagai perguruan tinggi pertama di Indonesia Timur yang diinisiasi oleh organ perempuan, ISTEK merupakan bukti ril bahwa Aisyiyah adalah komunitas perempuan yang tidak hanya progresif dalam ide, tetapi sekaligus dapat menunjukkan kemampuannya untuk merubah momen menjadi monument.
Inelastic Behavior of Steel and Composite Frame Structure Subjected to Earthquake Loading
Authors: Gajbhiye P. D. , Mashaan Nuha S , Bhaiya V. , Wankhadeb Rajan , Vishnu S. P. 
Published: May 2023

Steel construction is used more often these days as an alternative to the R.C.C. when light weight, high strength, large-span structures with a faster erection are required. Extensive studies have been done by researchers to study the seismic performance of reinforced concrete and steel structures, both in terms of elastic and inelastic behavior. Composite construction is also a recent advancement in the building industry with similar advantages. However, no emphasis has been given to the comparison between the inelastic behavior of steel and composite structures when subjected to lateral loads. This study compares the inelastic behavior of steel and a composite frame designed to have the same plastic moment capacity for structural members. The responses, such as the formation of hinges, story drifts, story displacements, lateral stiffness, ductility, maximum strength, energy dissipated, joint accelerations, and performance points, are compared with the aid of the building analysis and design software ETABS-18. For this, response spectrum analysis, pushover analysis and nonlinear direct integration time history analysis have been performed on both frames. For design and analysis, international codes such as IS 800-2007, IS 875 (Part I, II, IV), IS 1893-2002, AISC 360 (16 &amp;amp; 10) and FEMA 440 have been used. Part of this study also aims at comparing the response of these frames when subjected to near field and far field earthquakes. It can be concluded from the results that the post yield performance of the composite frame is superior to that of the steel frame when seismically excited.
Inovasi Pembukuan Keuangan Secara Digital pada UMKM Jahit Melalui Aplikasi BukuKas di Ngawi
Authors: Anggraini Yulia , Prastika Wafik Azizah  
Published: May 2023

Hidayah Sewing House (Rumah Jahit Hidayah) is a Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) which is a services industry. The location of SMEs is in Mojomanis Village, Kwadungan District, Ngawi Regency and has been running since 2012. Hidayah Sewing House continues to grow and experience significant additional consumers. So that it can help the family economy during the Covid-19 Pandemic. But besides that, these SMEs still have not implemented an important process in a business, namely the process of financial bookkeeping. Therefore, it is important to have training to implement the financial bookkeeping process. To be efficient and in line with technological developments, financial records can be made digitally through the BukuKas application. This training activity aims to make it easier for SMEs actors to record their financial statements. The method used is ABCD, to find out the assets owned by the community and optimize them into an empowered program. The results obtained are that the financial training activities carried out have succeeded in helping Sewing SMEs in Mojomanis Village to carry out the financial bookkeeping process for their business easily, effectively, and efficiently.
Energy Management and Regression Analysis With Risky Inflow Data From the Basin in Multi-reservoir Systems
Authors: Bacaksız Efsun , Opan Mücahit , Kara Elif , Karadeniz Murat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In a multi-reservoir system, the stochastic nature of basin data resulting from rainfall introduces risk into water management operations. Effective management that accounts for these risks can obtain maximum benefits for the system. This study presents a description of a multi-reservoir water resources system with hydroelectric power plants, utilizing the energy optimization model developed by OPAN in 2007. Specifically, the model was applied to reservoirs located successively on the Lower Kızılırmak River in the Kızılırmak Basin, with the objective function being the maximization of firm power and total energy. The study considered three scenarios: deterministic, probabilistic, and risky, with probabilities of inflows from the basin being determined for the latter. Monthly inflows with determined probabilities were used to obtain data for the risky case. Optimum operating levels were determined based on this data to maximize firm power and total energy. The values obtained from the optimization were then used in multivariate regression analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS), a statistical analysis program. The analysis explored the effects of monthly operating levels in the reservoirs, the amount of inflow released from the spillway, the amount of inflow released for energy production, the monthly average inflow to the reservoirs, and firm power values on energy production.
Immunogenicity and pre-clinical efficacy of an OMV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
Authors: Grandi Alberto , Tomasi Michele , Ullah Irfan , Bertelli Cinzia , Vanzo Teresa , Accordini Silvia , Gagliardi Assunta , Zanella Ilaria , Benedet Mattia , Corbellari Riccardo , Lascio Gabriele Di , Tamburini Silvia , Caproni Elena , Croia Lorenzo , Ravà Micol , Fumagalli Valeria , Lucia Pietro Di , Marotta Davide , Sala Eleonora , Iannacone Matteo , Kumar Priti , Mothes Walther , Uchil Pradeep , Cherepanov Peter , Bolognesi Martino , Pizzato Massimo , Grandi Guido 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 relies on the world-wide availability of effective vaccines, with a potential need of 20 billion vaccine doses to fully vaccinate the world population. To reach this goal, the manufacturing and logistic processes should be affordable to all countries, irrespectively of economical and climatic conditions.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are bacterial-derived vesicles that can be engineered to incorporate heterologous antigens. Given the inherent adjuvanticity, such modified OMV can be used as vaccine to induce potent immune responses against the associated protein. Here we show that OMVs engineered to incorporate peptides derived from the receptor binding motif (RBM) of the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 elicit an effective immune response in immunized mice, resulting in the production of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). The immunity induced by the vaccine is sufficient to protect the animals from intranasal challenge with SARS-CoV-2, preventing both virus replication in the lungs and the pathology associated with virus infection. Furthermore, we show that OMVs can be effectively decorated with the RBM of the Omicron BA.1 variant and that such engineered OMVs induced nAbs against Omicron BA.1 and BA.5, as judged by pseudovirus infectivity assay. Importantly, we show that the RBM 438-509 ancestral-OMVs elicited antibodies which efficiently neutralized in vitro both the homologous ancestral strain, the Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants, suggesting its potential use as a pan Coronavirus vaccine.
Altogether, given the convenience associated with ease of engineering, production and distribution, our results demonstrate that OMV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines can be a crucial addition to the vaccines currently available.
Prenatal Genetic Analysis of Fetal 17q12 Microdeletion Syndrome and Relation to Kidney Abnormalities
Authors: Shen Yongmei , Li Yaqi , Zhao Xiaomin , Li Wen , Zhang Lei , Yao Liying , Cao Jiasong , Li Shanshan , Wei Zhuo , Chang Ying 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective: To systematically analyze the genetic features of fetal renal abnormalities and the prenatal characteristics of 17q12 microdeletion syndrome.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed fetuses diagnosed with renal abnormalities between January 2016 to August 2022 using CNV-Seq and SNP. The pregnancy outcomes were followed up for 2 months after birth. All results have been descriptively analyzed.
Results: Among a total of 141 patients (4.5%) with renal dysplasia, 26 patients (26/141) had enhanced renal echo (hyperechogenic kidney; HCK), of which 10 were isolated HCK and 16 were non-isolated HCK. It was found that results of chromosome examination were abnormal in 14 (14/26) patients, of which 12 were diagnosed with 17q12 microdeletion syndrome. Moreover, there were 14 cases of 17q12 microdeletion syndrome in all patients with renal dysplasia, including 12 cases with HCK and 2 cases with other renal abnormalities. Chromosome family verification revealed that 5 fetuses had new mutations and 2 fetuses had inherited mutations. After excluding HCK patients, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in patients with polycystic kidneys was higher than that in patients with polycystic kidney dysplasia and renal dysplasia. The chromosomes in patients with isolated horseshoe kidney, hydronephrosis, ectopic kidney, and unilateral kidney were usually normal. Nevertheless, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities increases when combined with other abnormalities. Most patients with normal chromosomes or uncertain clinical significance choose to give birth and had a good prognosis, but adverse pregnancy outcomes could not be ruled out.
Conclusion: It was found that HCK was closely related to 17q12 microdeletion syndrome. Chromosomal examinations of patients with other renal abnormalities (isolated polycystic kidney dysplasia, renal dysplasia, horseshoe kidney, hydronephrosis, renal deficiency, ectopic kidney) were mostly normal. In combination with abnormal results, prenatal diagnosis is recommended. This study provides more evidential data that supports the relationship between fetal kidney and chromosomal abnormalities.
High urinary DNA damage in wild chimpanzees ranging in proximity of agricultural fields in Sebitoli area, Uganda.
Authors: Krief Sabrina , Spirhanzlova Petra , Masi Shelly , Couturier Chloé , Okwir Eric , Asalu Edward , Bustamante Paco , Costantini David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Agriculture expansion is a major cause of habitat loss and exposure to phytochemical pollution for non-human primates. In addition to endocrine disruption, exposure to pesticides may have other sublethal physiological consequences for animals, such as generation of oxidative damage to macromolecules. In this study, we analysed the pesticides that occur in the river water across the home range of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Sebitoli area located the northern part of Kibale National Park (Uganda). We tested whether levels of three urinary markers of oxidative damage vary among individuals in relation to their ranging patterns, as a proxy for pesticide exposure intensity. To better characterize the foraging habitat use, the trophic level and the energetic status of study individuals, we also quantified urinary levels of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios and of C-peptide. Among the 511 pesticides screened, 18 compounds including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides were found in the water sampled in the western part of the chimpanzee home range where chimpanzees used to feed on maize crops while only seven were found in the Eastern part where no crop feeding is observed. According to their ranging patterns and thus crop feeding frequency, the 139 urine samples collected from 43 Sebitoli chimpanzees were categorized as belonging to low, medium, and high exposure level. Chimpanzees from the high exposure zone had higher oxidative DNA damage than chimpanzees from both the low and medium exposition groups, whose levels of DNA damage were similar. In addition, individuals with higher C-peptide tended to have significantly higher oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxides. Levels of urinary 8-isoprostanes and of urinary lipid peroxides were similar across the three exposition groups. These results were robust for any potential confounding effect of other variables because neither age category nor sex or isotope levels were significantly associated with markers of oxidative damage. Our study points to genotoxic effects as one potential sublethal consequence of ranging in proximity of agricultural fields owing to exposure to pesticides or other unidentified sources of stress. This may be relevant for the conservation of this endangered primate species, which given our phylogenetic proximity, may also serve as sentinel for human health.
Effect of short-term exposure to air pollution on daily cardio- and cerebro-vascular hospitalisations in areas with a low level of air pollution.
Authors: Hasnain Md Golam , Garcia-Esperon Carlos , Tomari Yumi , Walker Rhonda , Saluja Tarunpreet , Rahman Md Mijanur , Boyle Andrew , Levi Christopher R , Naidu Ravi , Filippelli Gabriel , Spratt Neil J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Exposure to air pollution is associated with increased cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases. However, the evidence regarding the short-term effect of air pollution on cardio- and cerebro-vascular hospitalisations in areas with relatively low air pollution levels is limited. This study aims to examine the effect of short-term exposure to different air pollutants on hospital admissions due to cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases in rural and regional Australia with low air pollution. The study was conducted in five local Government areas of Hunter New England Local Health District (HNE-LHD). Hospitalisation data from January 2018 to February 2020 (820 days) were accessed from the HNE-LHD admitted patients’ dataset. Poisson regression model was used to examine the association between the exposure (air pollutants) and outcome variables (hospitalisation due to cardio- and cerebrovascular disease). The concentrations of gaseous air pollutants, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Ammonia (NH3) were below national benchmark concentrations for every day of the study period. In single pollutant models, SO2 and NO2 significantly increased the daily number of cardio and cerebrovascular hospitalisations. The highest cumulative effect for SO2 was observed across lag 0-3 days (Incidence Rate Ratio, IRR: 1.77; 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 1.18-2.65; p-value: 0.01), and for NO2, it was across lag 0-2 days (IRR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02-1.25; p-value: 0.02). In contrast, higher O3 was associated with decreased cardio- and cerebro-vascular hospitalisations, with the largest effect observed at lag 0 (IRR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89-0.98; p-value: 0.02). In the multi-pollutant model, the effect of NO2 remained significant at lag 0 and corresponded to a 21% increase in cardio- and cerebro-vascular hospitalisation (95% CI: 1%-44%; p-value = 0.04). Thus, the study revealed that gaseous air pollutants, specifically NO2, were positively related to increased cardio- and cerebro-vascular hospitalisations, even at concentrations below the national standards.