bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malaria Transmission Intensity and Parasitemia during the Three-Dose RTS,S/AS01 Vaccination Series do not Reduce Magnitude of Antibody Response nor Efficacy Against the First Case of Malaria
Authors: Bell Griffin J , Gyaase Stephaney , Goel Varun , Adu Bright , Mensah Benedicta , Essone Paulin , Dosoo David , Osei Musah , Niare Karamoko , Wiru Kenneth , Brandt Katerina , Emch Michael , Ghansah Anita , Asante Kwaku Poku , Mvalo Tisungane , Agnandji Selidhi Todagbe , Juliano Jonathan J , Bailey Jeffrey A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background: RTS,S/AS01 has been recommended by WHO for widespread implementation in medium to high malaria transmission settings. Previous analyses have noted lower vaccine efficacies in higher transmission settings, possibly due to the more rapid development of naturally acquired immunity in the control group.
Methods: To investigate a reduced immune response to vaccination as a potential mechanism behind lower efficacy in high transmission areas, we examine initial vaccine antibody (anti-CSP IgG) response and vaccine efficacy against the first case of malaria to exclude the delayed malaria effect using data from three study areas (Kintampo, Ghana; Lilongwe, Malawi; Lambaréné, Gabon) from the 2009-2014 phase III trial (NCT00866619). Our key exposures are parasitemia during the vaccination series and malaria transmission intensity. We calculate vaccine efficacy (one minus hazard ratio) using a cox-proportional hazards model and allowing for the time-varying effect of RTS,S/AS01.
Results: We find that antibody responses to the primary three-dose vaccination series were higher in Ghana than in Malawi and Gabon, but that neither antibody levels nor vaccine efficacy against the first case of malaria varied by transmission intensity or parasitemia during the primary vaccination series.
Conclusions: We find that vaccine efficacy is unrelated to infections during vaccination. Contributing to a conflicting literature, our results suggest that vaccine efficacy is also unrelated to infections before vaccination, meaning that delayed malaria is likely the main reason for lower efficacy in high transmission settings, not reduced immune responses. This may be reassuring for implementation in high transmission settings, though further studies are needed.
Three stilbenes from pigeon pea with promising anti-MRSA biofilm formation activities
Authors: Li Bai-Lin , Chen Jia-Yan , Hu Juan-Juan , Fan Yu-Wen , Ao Zhuo-Yi , Zhang Wei-Jie , Lian Xin , Liang Hui-Jun , Li Qian-Ran , Guan Xiao-Xian , Wu Jie-Wei , Yuan Jie , Jiang Dong-Xu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA), Longistylin A (LLA) and Longistylin C (LLC) are three characteristic stilbenes isolated from pigeon pea, exhibiting antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and even methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results showed that LLA had the highest antibacterial activity against the tested strains following by LLC and CSA. Besides, the results implied that these stilbenes effectively inhibited the levels of adhesion and virulence genes and downregulate the production of ɑ-hemolysin. This study showed that stilbenes from pigeon pea have anti-Staphylococcus potential, and they also inhibited bacterial proliferation, biofilm formation, and key gene expressions related to adhesion and virulence of MRSA. It is the first time that the anti-S. aureus and MRSA activities of the three stilbenes has been systematically reported. These current findings provide insight into the anti-MRSA mechanism of stilbenes from pigeon pea, indicating these compounds may be used as antimicrobial agents or additives for food with health functions, and contribute to the development as well as application of pigeon pea in food science.
Safety of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in children with chronic kidney disease: a national population study of South Korea
Authors: Choe Young June , Ahn Yo-Han , Kwak Eunsun , Jo Eunseo , Kim Jinseob , Choe Seung-Ah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In South Korea, COVID-19 vaccination has been recommended to children since October 2021, targeting all teenagers aged 12–15 years, with emphasis on high-risk group including chronic kidney disease (CKD) pediatric patients. In this study, we aimed to assess the rate of adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination in children with CKD in South Korea, using national cohort data.
Methods
We retrieved the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID19-National Health Insurance Service (K-COV-N) cohort data linked to the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) data, to calculate rate of purpura and other hemorrhagic conditions, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), myocarditis and/or pericarditis, and anaphylaxis incidence in children with CKD, after BNT162b2 vaccination.
Results
Among the 2,078 children with CKD, 69.2% (n = 1,437) had received BNT-162b2 vaccine. Guillain-Barré syndrome and anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock did not occur during observed period. Purpura and hemorrhagic conditions were more frequent in the unvaccinated group (5/641 vs 1/1,437) while myocarditis/pericarditis was observed only in vaccinated group (0/641 vs 3/1437). The difference in the risk of any of these two events between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups was insignificant.
Conclusions
In this national cohort study of children with CKD in Korea, we found no evidence of increased risk of adverse events following BNT162b2 vaccination. Our results provide the safety profiles of COVID-19 vaccine for patients with CKD.
Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation of Glycerol to Glyceric Acid over Zr@MCM-41 Supported Pt Catalyst
Authors: Ke Yi-Hu , Xu Huanhuan , Qin Hongyu , Wang Xue , Liu Hai , Yuan Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA series of mesoporous Zr@MCM-41 zeolite with different Si/Zr molar ratios were prepared with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template. And then Pt nanoparticles were successfully loaded onto the Zr@MCM-41 by colloid-deposition method. These catalysts were evaluated for catalytic oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid at low-temperature. The results showed that the molar ratios of Si/Zr affected oxidizing of the primary OH group, in turn affects the catalytic activity and selectivity. The Pt/Zr@MCM-41-100 catalyst showed the best catalytic activity with the conversion of glycerol and selectivity for glyceric acid reached 50.7% and 65.0%, respectively. A combination of multi-characterizations by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2adsorption and desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The result confirmed that the catalytic activity of Pt/Zr@MCM-41-100 was related to the support structure, the dispersion of the Pt nanoparticles and the interaction between Pt nanoparticles and the support. Meanwhile, we investigated the stability of Pt/Zr@MCM-41-100 catalyst and analyzed the deactivation reasons by charaterization.
Identification of a Novel Serological Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Autoantibody Biomarker Panel With Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Mowoe Metoboroghene O. , Ali Hisham , Nqada Joshua , Bernon Marc , Gandhi Karan , Burmeister Sean , Kotze Urda , Kahn Miriam , Kloppers Christo , Nel Andrew , Dharshan Suba , Azween Zafira , Smith Muneerah , Townsend Paul , Jonas Eduard , Blackburn Jonathan M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
New biomarkers are urgently needed to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) at an earlier stage and subsequently individualize treatment strategies. Here, we identified a clinically relevant autoantibody (Aab) biomarker combination for the differential diagnosis of PDAC using high-throughput protein microarray technology. We identified the serological Aab profiles of 93 PDAC, chronic pancreatitis (CP), other pancreatic (PC) and prostate cancers (PRC), non-ulcer dyspepsia patients (DYS), and healthy controls (HC) using microarray technology. Identified Aabs were validated in tumour tissue via western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses. Subsequently, identified biomarkers were used to create a custom PDAC protein microarray and the clinical utility of the biomarker panel was tested in a cancer specificity cohort comprising 223 PDAC, PC, PRC, colorectal cancer (CRC), and HC samples. Combinatorial ROC curve analysis on the training cohort run on the CT100 + microarrays identified the most effective biomarker combination as CEACAM1-DPPA2-DPPA3-MAGEA4-SRC-TBPG-XAGE3 with an AUC = 85·0% (SE = 0·828, SP = 0·684). Additionally, differential expression analysis on the samples run on the IMMUNOME™ array identified 4 biomarkers (ALX1-GPA33-LIP1-SUB1) upregulated in PDAC against diseased and healthy controls. Subsequently, the specificity of our 11-biomarker panel was validated against other cancers (PDACvPC – AUC = 70·3%, PDACvCRC – AUC = 84·3%, PDACvPRC – AUC = 80·2%) and healthy controls (PDACvHC – AUC = 80·9%). We identified a clinically relevant and novel, 11-autoantibody PDAC biomarker panel that differentially diagnosed PDAC and anticipate that the oncogenic relevance of the recognized proteins could be a starting point for new therapies in the future.
A rare Gollop-Wolfgang Syndrome linked to a mutation in Wnt11
Authors: Odrzywolski Adrian , Tüysüz Beyhan , Debeer Philippe , Souche Erika , Voet Arnout , Dimitrov Boyan Ivanov , Krzesińska Paulina , Vermeesch Joris Robert , Tylzanowski Przemko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gollop-Wolfgang syndrome (GWS) is a rare congenital limb anomaly of unknown genetic background, characterized by a tibial aplasia, ipsilateral bifurcation of the thigh bone, and an ectrodactyly. A phenotypically similar condition is called Split-hand/foot malformation associated with aplasia of long bones (SHFLD). Several hotspots on chromosome 17 have been linked to SHFLD phenotype. Some of them, like duplications described within BHLHA9, are associated both with ectrodactyly and tibial aplasia. Nonetheless, no single mutation linking all known GWS patients has been identified yet.
We studied a three-generation family with four GWS-affected family members. Analysis of whole genome sequencing with a custom pipeline indicated that WNT11 c.1015G>A mutation could cause the observed phenotype. Further, in silico modeling and luciferase assay supported WNT11 c.1015G>A mutation effect on Wnt11 functionality.
Effectiveness and safety of 5% nicotinamide cream following cryosurgery in skin field cancerization: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Martins Ivanka Miranda de Castro , Miot Hélio Amante , Miola Anna Carolina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Individuals with multiple actinic keratoses (AKs) in the same area have an active skin field cancerization (SFC). The treatment of AKs and SFC reduces the recurrence of AKs and the appearance of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Recently, oral nicotinamide (NIC) was proposed as effective in the chemoprevention of SCC and AKs, but there have been no clinical trials with topical NIC as a treatment for AKs and SFC. Thus, we conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, self-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5% NIC cream in treating SFC after cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen (NL) for AKs. Subjects with between three and 10 AKs on the forearms received cryotherapy with NL on the AKs, and the forearms were randomized to receive: 5% NIC cream b.i.d. for 56 days or placebo cream (PLAC) at the same dosage, started 14 days after NL. The primary outcome was the percentage reduction in the AK count on D70. Secondary endpoints were the complete clearance and reduction of SFC activity at D70. The sample size was defined to detect a difference higher than 15% between the groups (power of 0.9, alpha of 0.05, and dropout estimate of 10%), which resulted in 40 forearms per group. After 70 days, there was a 61% (95% CI 50─72%) reduction in the AK count in NIC versus 56% (95% CI 44─68%) in PLAC (p = 0.698). Complete clearance was achieved in 21% (95% CI 7─37%) of NIC versus 17% (95% CI 4─31%) of PLAC (p = 0.440). An interim analysis was performed after the last evaluation of the 26th subject, and the difference between the groups did not reach 15%; thus, the study was discontinued due to futility. No adverse effects were reported. Our results suggest that in the treatment of inflammatory dermatoses, the anti-inflammatory capacity of NIC is not sufficient to reduce SFC activity. The present study has limitations: it is monocentric with homogeneous subjects and a short duration between intervention and follow-up. Topical treatment with 5% NIC was safe in immunocompetent adults with AK and SFC; however, it was not superior to placebo in reducing AKs or SFC activity.
Splatter generated by oral surgery irrigation and its implication for infection control
Authors: Johnson Annika , Huang Boyen , Galina Isabella Christianson , Ngo Anh , Uppgaard Rachel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the splatter contamination generated by rotary instrumentation and irrigation during simulations of surgical extractions. Specifically, comparisons of the splatters generated were made between traditional assistant-based irrigation and self-irrigating drills, and between saline and hydrogen peroxide irrigant.
Materials and Methods
A fluorescein solution was infiltrated into the irrigation system of high-speed drills, and the surgical extraction procedures were performed on manikins with typodont teeth. Filter papers were placed at the predetermined locations around the operatory to absorb the fluorescein splatters; these samples underwent photographic image analysis.
Results
The patient chest showed the largest area of splatters, followed by the assistant’s face shield. Procedures using the hydrogen peroxide irrigant generated a larger area of splatter than those using the saline irrigant. There was no difference between the splatters produced by assistant irrigation and self-irrigating drill procedures.
Conclusions
Clinicians should observe and disinfect the locations contaminated by splatters to prevent the spread of infection, since using alternative irrigant or irrigation methods did not reduce the formation of splatters.
Clinical Relevance:
Oral surgery drills with irrigation generate aerosols and splatters, which have potential to spread airborne pathogens. It is important to understand the patterns of splatters to mitigate contamination.
Newly isolated Lactobacillus paracasei strain modulates lung immunity and improves capacity to cope with influenza virus infection
Authors: Kim Seungil , Lee Sohyeon , Kim Tae-Young , Lee Su-Hyun , Kweon Mi-Na 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The modulation of immune responses by probiotics is crucial for local and systemic immunity. Recent studies have suggested a correlation between gut microbiota and lung immunity, known as the gut–lung axis. However, the evidence and mechanisms underlying this axis remain elusive.
Results: In this study, we screened various Lactobacillus (L.) strains for their ability to augment type Ⅰ interferon (IFN-Ⅰ) signaling using an IFNα/β reporter cell line. We identified L. paracasei (MI29) from the feces of healthy volunteers, which showed enhanced IFN-Ⅰ signaling in vitro. Oral administration of the MI29 strain to wild-type B6 mice for 2 weeks resulted in increased expression of IFN-stimulated genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lungs. We found that MI29-treated mice had significantly increased numbers of CD11c+PDCA-1+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells and Ly6Chi monocytes in the lungs compared with control groups. Pre-treatment with MI29 for 2 weeks resulted in less weight loss and lower viral loads in the lung after a sub-lethal dose of influenza virus infection. Interestingly, IFNAR1-/- mice did not show enhanced viral resistance in response to oral MI29 administration. Furthermore, metabolic profiles of MI29-treated mice revealed changes in fatty acid metabolism, with MI29-derived fatty acids contributing to host defense in a Gpr40/120dependent manner.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that the newly isolated MI29 strain can activate host defense immunity and prevent infections caused by the influenza virus through the gut–lung axis.
The Effect of Gamma Linolenic Acid on the Expression of c-Fos and Inflammatory Factors on the Formalin Induced Pain
Authors: rahimi kaveh , Nourishirazi Arman , Delaviz Hamidreza , Ghotbeddin Zohreh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The sensation of pain as a pathological entity has always been discussed. The current study was conducted to determine the analgesic effect of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) in the formalin test.
Methods
The formalin was injected into the right hind paw in rats. The pain behaviors were determined as a numerical score for 60 minutes after the injection of formalin. The spinal cord was removed to evaluate the protein expression of c-Fos. Also, the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in the skin.
Results
The attenuation of nociceptive response persisted after GLA injection in formalin treated rats. Formalin injection also enhanced the levels of cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β in the hind paw, which could be repressed by GLA. Also, western blot analysis showed that formalin increase c-Fos protein in the spinal cord, which could be suppressed by GLA. The molecular analysis targeting c-Fos and inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1b also showed an effect of GLA, which matched the results of the behavioral data analysis.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that pretreatment, with GLA, produced antinociceptive effects in the formalin test and may be effective for pain relief.
Regional Flow Index may predict weaning outcomes in patients under prolonged mechanical ventilation
Authors: Wang Pu , Chang Mei-Yun , Hsia Hai-Yen , Dai Meng , Liu Yifan , Hsu Yeong-Loing , Fu Feng , Zhao Zhanqi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Regional flow index based on electrical impedance tomography (EIT) may estimate patients' regional inspiratory efforts. The aim of the study was to explore its value in predicting weaning outcomes.Method A total of 26 patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation were analyzed retrospectively. They received spontaneous breathing trials (SBT) in automatic tube compensation (ATC) mode for two hours. The global flow index was calculated by fitting the airway flow and time waveform. Regional flow index was calculated by substituting the airway flow with the derivative of regional impedance measured with EIT. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive effectiveness of the EIT-based regional flow index.Results Weaning was successful in 19 patients but failed in 7. The global flow index calculated with EIT-based impedance and ventilator-recorded airway flow was significantly correlated (r = 0.436, P = 0.024). The regional flow index of the dorsal region group (1.97 ± 1.55) is higher than that of the ventral region (1.21 ± 1.30) at the end of the first hour during ATC (P = 0.01). The dorsal flow index at the beginning of SBT was greater in patients who were successfully weaned (P = 0.02). The area under the curve of this parameter was 0.797, and the sensitivity and specificity for predicting weaning success were 73.7% and 85.7%, respectively.Conclusion The dorsal flow index may assess the patient’s respiratory efforts during SBT. The EIT-based regional flow index may be used to predict the success of weaning.
Synchronous power and signal transmission method for inductive wireless power transmission system by modifying compensation capacitance
Authors: Li Shixi , Lu Yimin , Dou Huanpeng , Ge Xin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To synchronize the power forward transmission and signal reverse transmission of inductive wireless power transmission (IWPT) system, a signal reverse transmission method by modifying the compensation capacitance is proposed. Firstly, an equivalent circuit of signal reverse transmission circuit was established for the four basic compensation topologies of IWPT system, the relationship between the secondary-side compensation capacitance and the primary-side input impedance was analyzed. The analysis results indicate that the variable-capacitance method is more suitable for topology structures where the secondary coil and compensation capacitor are connected in series. Then, a variable-capacitance modulation method by detecting the phase angle of the input impedance of the primary side for series-series (SS) systems was proposed, and its impact on power transmission was analyzed. To improve the readability of the data at the receiving side, a data frame structure was designed. This structure is easy to identify the starting bit of the data, making it unnecessary for the signal demodulation at the receiving side to start working before the signal modulation at the sending side. Finally, the effectiveness of the method was verified by simulation and experiment. The results show that this method can successfully modulate and demodulate signals when the load and mutual inductance change. The data readability is improved, and the method has little impact on power transmission.
Analysis of risk factors for early surgical site infection after lumbar spinal surgery in elderly patients
Authors: He GuoYu , Xing ZeJun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore the risk factors of early surgical site infection (SSI) after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in elderly patients with lumbar degenerative diseases.
Methods
A retrospective study was carried out. The elderly patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative diseases of lumbar spine from January 2019 to December 2021 were included in this study. 18 patients with early postoperative SSI were included into the infection group, and 54 patients without SSI were randomly selected as the control group by the ratio of 1:3 during the same period according to age, gender and diagnosis. First, univariate analysis was performed on the general data, perioperative data and laboratory indexes in both groups. Then, indexes that were statistically significant in univariate analysis and closely related to SSI were incorporated into multiple Logistic regression to determine the risk factors associated with postoperative SSI. Finally, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted for quantitative variables belonging to risk factors.
Results
Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in surgical duration, preoperative lymphocyte count, postoperative neutrophil count, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte count, lymphocyte percentage, the neutrophil/lymphocyte count ratio (NLR) and serum albumin concentration between the infected and non-infected groups (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, surgical duration, and postoperative neutrophil percentage were risk factors for SSI in elderly patients with lumbar degenerative disease undergoing posterior interbody fusion and internal fixation (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of surgical duration was 0.680, and the cut-off value was 177.5min. AUC of postoperative neutrophil percentage was 0.841 and the cut-off value was 78.85%.
Conclusions
For elderly patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion, we need to pay more attention to diabetes mellitus, longer surgical duration and postoperative percentage of neutrophis, which are more likely to be associated with increased early SSI.