bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Siglec-7/9 are novel immune checkpoints for prostate cancer
Authors: Wen Ru , Stark Jessica C , Marti G Edward , García-Marqués Fernando , Zhao Hongjuan , Nolley Rosie , Bertozzi Carolyn R , Pitteri Sharon J , Brooks James D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Immune checkpoint-based therapy has led to striking improvements in survival in some types of cancer, but it is ineffective for others, including prostate cancer. Changes in glycosylation, particularly hypersialylation, have been found in diverse malignancies. Glycosylation can result in immune evasion through direct interactions of sialylated glycoproteins on cancer cell surfaces with Siglecs on immune cells including T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells. Interactions between Siglec-7/9 and sialic acid have been implicated in inhibiting immune response in melanoma, leukemia, and lung cancer. Here, we found that Siglec-7/9 was highly expressed in immune cells including T cells and myeloid cells in the prostate cancer TCGA dataset. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that Siglec-7/9 ligands were highly expressed in surgically resected prostate cancer tumor tissues but showed no or low expression in adjacent normal tissues. Siglec-7/9 ligands were also found in the prostate cancer cell lines. The disruption of Siglec-7/9 and their ligands by sialidase, which cleaves the sialic acid, or by anti-Siglec-7/9 blocking antibodies, promoted T cell-mediated cytotoxic killing of prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, anti-Siglec-7/9 treatment suppressed prostate cancer tumor growth in a humanized mouse model. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that prostate cancers in mice treated with anti-Siglec 7/9 antibodies exhibited less Ki67 and CD31, and more cleaved caspase 3 and CD8 compared with the isotype control. This study provides insight into Siglec-7/9-sialic acid targeting strategies for prostate cancer and lays the groundwork for developing a novel class of immunotherapy-based drugs.
Supported by grants from DoD (W81XWH2110195) and NIH (#LINK#U01CA226051#ENDLINK#)
Clinical Aspect of Pruritus in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Study from Western India
Authors: Shah Yogesh , Patidar Abhilasha , Meena Manju , Jain Manish , Mittal Asit , Balai Manisha 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common dermatoses in the pediatric population and pruritus is its leading symptom; however, the clinical aspect of pruritus has not been studied much. The aim of the study was to explore clinical aspect of pruritus in pediatric AD and to analyze correlation of intensity of pruritus to the severity of AD.

Methods:
A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 106 pediatric patients of AD, between the age group of 6 months and 16 years was conducted. Diagnosis was made using the UK Working Party’s Diagnostic Criteria for AD. The severity of pruritus and sleep disturbances were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale, and the severity of AD was assessed using SCORing of AD index.

Results:
Mean age at onset was 4.73 years and the mean duration of disease was 1.07 years. Pruritus was localized in 66.03%, intermittent in 89.7%, and continuous in 10.3%. Winter aggravation was observed in 36.8% and sleep disturbances were observed in 39.62%. “Pruritus intensity” was moderate or severe in 92% of patients and had significant correlation to the duration and severity of the disease, sleep disturbances, and coexistence of other atopic diseases.

Conclusion:
A pediatric patient with AD usually presents with localized or generalized, moderate or severe pruritus, and with sleep disturbances. Exacerbation of pruritus was the most common in winter and due to woolen garments and sweating. The intensity of pruritus was in direct proportion with the duration and severity of AD and coexistence of other atopic diseases.
Evaluation of modified RENAL nephrometry score in the prediction of perioperative outcomes of open partial nephrectomy
Authors: Kamath K. Annappa , Pothy Vasudevan S. , Pandey Himanshu 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
RENAL nephrometry score (RNS) is a standardized system to grade the complexity of renal masses, but it does not correlate well with the perioperative outcomes of open partial nephrectomy (OPN). To overcome these shortcomings, a modified RNS (MRNS) has been proposed. In this study, we evaluated the MRNS and its role in predicting the perioperative outcomes of OPN.

Methods:
This was a prospective observational study performed at a tertiary care hospital to evaluate the efficacy of MRNS in predicting the perioperative outcomes of OPN. Sixty-four cases were included in the study. Demographic parameters, tumor characteristics, and perioperative outcomes were analyzed. Correlation with the post-operative outcomes and the strengths of MRNS were compared with various other nephrometry scores.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 52.89 years, 60.9% were male and 53.1% had a right-sided mass. The comorbidities, body mass index, and performance scores were evenly distributed across the complexity groups (P > 0.05). The mean tumor size was 4.13 cm and the mean MRNS and RNS were 9.45 and 6.1, respectively. 60.9% of the cases had no complications. Major complications (Clavien–Dindo grade [CDG] 3+) were noted in five cases (7.8%). The trifecta of neargin, ischemia, and complications (MICs) score was achieved in 85.9% and was achieved in 71.9% of the cases. MRNS was found to be an independent predictor of the trifecta outcomes (P = 0.04). Receiver-operating characteristic curve of MRNS analyzing the major complications as per the CDG showed an area under the curve of. 804, indicating good prediction of complications by the MRNS.

Conclusions:
MRNS improves the predicting power of RNS by attributing enhanced scores to key elements and by adding new elements. Also, MRNS has good ability to predict the achievement of the trifecta and MIC.
Skip spondylolysis in a javelin thrower: A rare case report
Authors: Bharath Haranahalli Devendrappa , Gupta Anuj , Srivastava Abhishek 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pars interarticularis defects leading to spondylolysis and/or spondylolisthesis especially in young athletes are most commonly seen in lower lumbar vertebrae. Conservative treatment with abstinence from the athletic activities, rest, and physiotherapy marks the primary mode of treatment before going to surgical interventions. We report a 26-year-old patient with chronic lower back pain with antecedent history of athletic activities involving javelin throw. Besides an athletic activity, no other history of trauma existed. Radiologic investigations showed skip level pars lysis at L3 and L5 vertebrae. Patient was treated with only conservative methods, abstinence from sports and physiotherapy. Patient had significant improvement in his symptoms. Long-term proper physiotherapy to strengthen the lower back and abdominal muscles is necessary in order to alleviate the symptoms and to regain athletics. To our knowledge there are no reported cases where we find spondylolysis in upper lumbar vertebrae (L3), which is uncommon, along with most common L5 involvement in a young athletic javelin thrower. We have found only isolated L3/L4/L5 or concurrent L3 and L4 or L4 and L5 pars lysis reported in literature. There are no reported cases in literature on skip level spondylolysis in a single individual. Because of the natural history of the disease, conservative methods of management were aptly advocated and positive outcomes were seen in the follow-up.
Usefulness of imprint cytology for early diagnosis in vertebral lesions
Authors: Chadha Manish , Malhotra Raskesh , Bafna Lalit N , Bhateja Dheeraj , Wadhwa Neelam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
Vertebral pathologies can be divided into degenerative, infective, or neoplastic. Infective and neoplastic lesions can progress rapidly and may lead to compression of the cord. Thus, rapid diagnosis for these lesions is important. Frozen section and fine-needle aspiration cytology techniques are less useful in hard bony tumors. Imprint cytology has been successfully used in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of imprint cytology in the early diagnosis of various spinal pathologies.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-eight patients with suspected diagnosis of infection or tumor underwent transpedicular biopsy using Jamshidi needle. At least two imprint slides were made using core tissue obtained from biopsy. These slides were, thereafter, stained with the May-Grunwald–Giemsa method. The core biopsy sample was also sent for histopathological examination, after fixing it with 10% formalin. Paraffin-embedded blocks and slides were made for histopathology reporting, as per institution’s protocol. All imprint cytology slides were screened and reported by same pathologist.

Results:
The sensitivity of imprint cytology was 68.6%. Specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy of the imprint cytology were 100%, 100%, 21.4%, and 71%, respectively, when compared to histopathology. The mean duration of imprint cytology reporting was only 36 min while that for histopathological report was 15 days.

Conclusion:
Imprint cytology is a simple and rapid method for obtaining diagnosis in suspected vertebral lesions of infection or tumor. It is a reliable and cost-effective method in experienced hands. Although imprint cytology shows modest correlation in the ability to identify positive results, it forms a good diagnostic tool in confirming true negative cases with high diagnostic efficacy.
Cervicothoracic translational injury: Radiological analysis and risk factors of spinal cord injury
Authors: Ramachandran Karthik , Shetty Ajoy P , Naik Ashish S , Kanna Rishi M , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To determine various radiological parameters predicting spinal cord injury (SCI) in patients with cervicothoracic translational injury.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-four patients operated for cervicothoracic (C7-T1) translational injury between January 2009 and 2019 were reviewed to obtain demographic details, mechanism of injury (based on Allen Ferguson classification), and neurology at the time of presentation (American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] grade). Preoperative computed tomography scans were used to measure parameters like anterior translation, local kyphotic angle, residual canal diameter (RCD) at injury level/cranial level/caudal level, and magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to measure maximum canal compromise (MCC), maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC), and length of cord edema. Patients were divided into group 1 (complete neurodeficit), group 2 (incomplete neurodeficit), and group 3 (normal neurology), and the radiological predictors were compared.

Results:
In our study, anterior translation (P < 0.001), RCD at the injury level (P < 0.001), RCD at the caudal level (P < 0.001), MSCC (P < 0.001), and MCC (P < 0.001) were associated with the increased risk of SCI at the time of presentation. Comparison among all three patient groups showed significant differences in the above parameters. The optimal cutoff for risk of SCI is 7.8 mm for anterior translation, 8.6 mm for RCD at the injury level, 11.9 mm for RCD at the caudal level, 30% for MCC, and 24% for MSCC.

Conclusion:
Our data highlight that in addition to the amount of anterior translation, canal diameter, and the degree of spinal cord compression at the injury level, the RCD at the caudal level also determines the incidence of SCI in cervicothoracic translational injuries.
Fenestrated screws in osteoporotic spine—Is there an association between the cement distribution and DEXA scan T score?
Authors: Basu Saumyajit , Gala Rohan B , Biswas Amitava , Solanki Anil M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Cement distribution in spinal stabilization with fenestrated screws is unpredictable in patients with osteoporosis. The objective of our study was an assessment of cement distribution while using fenestrated screws and to establish an association between cement distribution and the Dual Emission X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan T scores.

Materials and Methods:
Osteoporotic patients who underwent spinal stabilization with fenestrated screws by a single surgeon with a minimum follow-up of one year were included. Cement distribution (four zones comprising the vertebral body and the pedicle), a pattern of distribution (concentrated or scattered) and cement leakage were assessed on CT scans. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their DEXA scan T scores to test an association between the pattern of distribution of cement and the scores. Clinical improvement was determined using visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index scores.

Results:
A total of 126 screws were analyzed in 20 patients with a mean age of 69 years and a mean follow-up of 18 months. Out of 126 screws, 114 (90.47%) had cement in Zones 1 and 2. In total, 58 screws had a concentrated pattern of distribution of cement, whereas 68 screws had a scattered distribution, and the odds ratio of a scattered pattern of distribution was 6.31:1 if the DEXA scan T score was “below (−)3.0.” Clinical improvement was calculated in percentage of change from the preoperative value (mean % visual analogue scale change = 65.13 ± 7.59 and mean % Oswestry disability index change = 43.14 ± 7.24).

Conclusion:
The pattern of cement distribution in fenestrated screws relates well with the DEXA scan T scores and their usage should be strongly considered in patients with poorer scores. However, there is no relevant difference between the pattern of distribution and the clinical outcome.
Factors Associated with Early Complications of Surgical Management due to Penetrating Laryngotracheal Trauma in Colombia
Authors: López Mario-Fernando , Martínez Stella-Isabel , Carvajal Carlos-Andres 
Published: August 2023

Background:
This investigation aimed to describe factors associated with early complications of surgical management due to penetrating laryngotracheal trauma in Colombia.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive and retrospective cohort study was carried out; bivariate analysis using Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's exact test was utilized to find associations with morbidity outcomes.

Results:
Between 2005 and 2019, 50 patients with penetrating laryngotracheal injuries underwent surgery; the median age was 29.5 years (interquartile ranges = 24.0–39.7), wherein 92% were male. The trachea was the most affected organ in 74% of patients, and lesions associated with laryngotracheal trauma were reported in 50% of patients. Cervicotomy was the surgical approach in 92% of patients. The 30-day overall morbidity was 24%, and mortality was 6%; dehiscence of the primary repair, or anastomosis, was present in 10% of the patients: 2% partial and 8% complete. Dehiscence was associated with infection (P = 0.002). Early stenosis was described in 10% of the patients; association was found between stenosis and dehiscence (P = 0.001), infection (P = 0.001), and reoperation (P = 0.001). Finally, infection was present in 8% of the patients and was indeed associated to the requirement of postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization (P = 0.003).

Conclusions:
Limited information is available about factors related to early complications in laryngotracheal trauma. Nonetheless, in this series, a statistically significant association was found between early dehiscence of the primary repair, or anastomosis, and infection. Moreover, early stenosis was associated with dehiscence, infection, and reoperation. Finally, early infection was associated with the requirement of postoperative ICU hospitalization.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy amongst Residents of an Urban Field Practice Area: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Mitra Sayeli , Sarkar Arnab , Chowdhury Subhanil , Basu Rivu 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Vaccines provide a crucial role in decreasing disease severity in COVID-19 infection. However, the accelerated pace of vaccine development has heightened public anxieties and could compromise acceptance. The World Health Organization has identified vaccine hesitancy as one of the top ten global health threats. There needs to be more community-based data on the causes of vaccine hesitancy of COVID vaccine in India, especially in the Eastern part.

Aims:
In this study, we intended to estimate the proportion of vaccine hesitancy in the community and elicit the reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy amongst the population of a slum in Kolkata.

Patients and Methods:
This was a descriptive observational study, cross-sectional in design conducted in the urban field practice area of a Tertiary Care Centre in Kolkata. Data were collected on the demography of the participants, awareness about COVID-19 and vaccination, willingness to accept the vaccine and willingness to pay for the COVID vaccine.

Results:
Most participants were willing to take the vaccine (73.95%). Amongst those who were not willing to take the vaccine (26.04%), the most common reason for not taking the vaccine was the concern about efficacy and safety. The willingness to pay for a single dose of the COVID vaccine ranged between 100 INR and 2000 INR with a median value of 250 INR.

Conclusion:
Transparent communication by the Government addressing the concerns of beneficiaries regarding vaccination may benefit the ongoing vaccination drive.
The Similarities and Differences between Liquid-based and Conventional Methods in Evaluation of Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Cytologies
Authors: Özer Mehmet , Özekinci Selver 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
Thyroid nodules are one of the most frequent medical issues in endocrinology in our country and around the world. The appropriate evaluation of the nodule is critical in the management of patients. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is one of the most accurate tools for evaluating these nodules. Conventional and liquid-based (LB) methods are available for thyroid FNAC. In this paper, we aim to determine the best cytological method for the evaluation of thyroid fine needle aspiration materials.

Settings and Design:
Fine needle aspiration (FNA) materials obtained and prepared by conventional and LB methods from 310 patients were evaluated. These slides were compared in terms of 12 cytological parameters in a three-tiered system, and the kappa coefficient was calculated.

Methods and Material:
Two slides were prepared from FNA samples, and the rest of the material was left in protective solution for LB cytology. Surepath was used as a LB technique. Conventional slides (CS) were left to dry in the air and stained with May Grunwald Giemsa. Slides prepared by two different techniques were compared in 12 cytomorphological parameters, and Kappa coefficients and correlations were calculated.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Kappa statistics.

Results:
In comparison of LB and CS, the highest kappa coefficient was in chromatin texture (ĸ:0.738) and inflammatory cells (ĸ: 0.482). On other parameters, fair or poor agreement was observed.

Conclusions:
Although there are some superiorities to LB cytology, co-application of these two methods is more favorable in thyroid fine needle aspiration.
INTRODUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNAL FINANCIAL CONTROL IN GEORGIA
Authors: Mzhvanadze Aleksandre 
Published: August 2023

Aleksandre Mzhvanadze
Email:aleksandremzhavanadze@gmail.com
PhD Student, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University
Batumi, Georgia
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4079-8416

Abstract. Reason of research. Raising awareness about financial management and control and timely response to existing challenges.
Methodology/approach. The methodological basis of the paper is the fundamental research of economic science. Georgian and foreign scientific articles, works and studies are used in the work, the material used in the research is based on the data of the Ministry of Finance of Georgia, the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development, and the National Statistics Service. Qualitative and statistical methods, data from international organizations are used in the research, this research is mainly based on information collection, comparison, study and analysis.
Research tasks. The main tasks and hypotheses of the research can be formulated as follows: the need to introduce the reform was determined not only by Georgia's obligations to the European Union, but also by the potential benefits obtained as a result of its introduction, because the state's internal financial control system ensures the proper functioning of public services and the legal and transparent use of state funds. , economical, efficient and productive disposal.
Practical value/consequences. The results and conclusions of the research can be used in higher education as a guide material. In addition, it will significantly help the government institutions in the development of the country's economic development course, its adjustment and implementation of specific issues.
The Effect of Capital Structure, Investment Decision and Working Capital Turn Over on Profitability
Authors: Aditia Ines , Kustinah Siti 
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is compare Capital Structure (DER), Investment Decision (MBVE) and Working Capital Turn Over (WCTO) on Profitability (ROA). The research method used is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. This population is property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2017-2021 period using the purposive sampling method and a 5-year observation period of 80 samples. The data source obtained is secondary data based on the results of IDX's annual financial reports. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that partially Capital Structure (DER) has a significant negative effect on Profitability (ROA), Investment Decision (MBVE) has a significant positive effect on Profitability (ROA), while Working Capital Turn Over (WCTO) has no effect on Profitability (ROA). . Simultaneously Capital Structure (DER), Investment Decision (MBVE) and Working Capital Turn Over (WCTO) have a significant effect on Profitability (ROA).
Analisis Penerimaan Persembahan Jemaat Di Gereja Toraja Wala Klasis Sangalla Selatan Sebelum dan Setelah Adanya Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Putra Geraldy Pean , Tapparan Samuel Randy 
Published: August 2023

This study was to determine the acceptance of the congregation's offerings at the Toraja Church of the Wala Klasis Sangalla' Selatan Congregation before and after the Covid-19 Pandemic. The unit of analysis in this study is the Toraja Church of the Wala Klasis South Sangalla Congregation. The data analysis technique used in this study is that in this study the researchers used comparative research to compare the acceptance of congregational offerings at the Toraja Church of the Wala Klasis Sangalla' Selatan congregation before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the study said that prior to the pandemic, the Toraja Church of the Wala Klasis Sangalla' Selatan Congregation was able to collect offerings that exceeded the operational funding needs of the church itself and experienced a decrease in the acceptance of offerings after the Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Acceptance of Offerings, Covid-19 Pandemic, Comparative.
Abstrak

Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerimaan persembahan Jemaat di Gereja Toraja Jemaat Wala Klasis Sangalla’ Selatan sebelum dan setelah adanya Pandemi Covid-19. Satuan analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah Gereja Toraja Jemaat Wala Klasis Sangalla Selatan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan penelitian komparatif untuk membandingkan penerimaan persembahan Jemaat di Gereja Toraja Jemaat Wala Klasis Sangalla’ Selatan sebelum dan setelah adanya Pandemi Covid-19. Hasil penelitian mengatakan bahwa sebelum pandemi, Gereja Toraja Jemaat Wala Klasis Sangalla’ Selatan dapat mengumpulkan persembahan yang jumlahnya melebihi kebutuhan dana operasional gereja itu sendiri dan mengalami penururnan penerimaan persembahan setelah adanya pandemi Covid-19.
Kata kunci : Penerimaan Persembahan, Pandemi Covid-19, Komparatif.