bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulative treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: Biomechanical and osteopathic intervention to increase the length of the transverse carpal ligament
Authors: Sucher Benjamin M. , Hinrichs Richard N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To quantify the amount of transverse carpal ligament (TCL) elongation in response to osteopathic manipulation or sustained load bearing (or both), a study involving seven cadaver limbs was conducted. Distances from the trapezium to the hamate (distance A) and from the scaphoid to the pisiform (distance B) were measured in five mounted cadaver limbs during and after the limbs bore the weight (2 newtons [N] to 4 N) for 2 several-hour periods. A several-hour period occurred between the weight bearing to assess recoil. Distances A and B were measured before and after the limbs were manipulated, according to previously described techniques, as well as with a new maneuver, termed the “guy-wire” technique. Two dissected limbs also were subjected to further weight bearing, this time increased to 8 N. Greater weight loads produced greater lengthening of the TCL, and recoil after removal of weight loads was slower than recoil after manipulation. Manipulation was more effective than weight loading for increasing distance A (distal canal), but weight loading generally was more effective than manipulation for increasing distance B (proximal canal). The guy-wire manipulation combined with direct transverse extension appeared to have the greatest impact on lengthening the TCL distally. These results show promise for the effective use of manipulation and load bearing for TCL elongation and nonsurgical relief of pressure on the median nerve in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.
Domestic violence: A primer for the primary care physician
Authors: Konchak Peter S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Domestic violence is a serious, complex, public health problem, which is more common than many physicians realize. Although certain characteristics may be associated with the victim and perpetrator, they have limited value in identification or prediction of partner violence. Any woman may be a victim and any man, a perpetrator; therefore, universal screening for partner abuse is encouraged. The medical and psychological consequences of domestic violence are often of tragic proportion, for both the woman and her children. Unfortunately, unless asked directly and in a supportive fashion, many women will remain silent and continue to be victimized.
The intertextuality of argumentation: a semiotic approach to academic writing in higher education
Authors: Ma James 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The importance of argumentation in academic writing, while historically recognised, has arguably lost prominence alongside the rapid expansion of higher education since the early 1990s in the UK. This has been exacerbated by an increasingly prevalent technological intervention in teaching and learning processes. With this as a background, this article presents a semiotic analysis of student dissertation extracts to illustrate the role of intertextuality in governing interpretative, evaluative, and concluding propositions in argumentation. Each proposition is perceived as indexed to syntactical compositionality by which a previous proposition elicits a present one that awaits a future one, thus forming a line of argument. The analysis teases out what is at stake concerning the interdependence of signifying codes in textual relations and functions. This brings into view a network of sign actions that lends itself to instances of signification in mediating and coordinating propositions in argumentation. The article concludes with reflection on the medium of English as a lingua franca for studies in higher education, highlighting a semiotic understanding of the intertextuality of argumentation in academic writing.
Bone growth and body weight patterns in juvenile raccoon dogs in Wakayama Prefecture, western Japan
Authors: Takatsuki Seiki , Suzuki Kazuo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Information on growth of the Japanese raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides is limited. We collected 237 juvenile raccoon dogs, road-killed and culled for pest control in Wakayama Prefecture, western Japan from 2002 to 2019. We measured the skull, mandible, femur lengths, and body weights of all specimens and used the body weights of healthy animals (n = 136). We found that these variables increased rapidly up to September and reached maximum values in October. Evidence of dorsal surface roughness of the neurocranium became obvious in October, and up to 35 % of individuals had rough dorsal surfaces of neurocranium in December. Epiphyseal fusion of femurs appeared in September, and 27 % of specimens having fused femurs was recorded in December. This study firstly described the growth patterns of the Japanese raccoon dogs based on a lot of samples.
Ultrasound examination supporting CT or MRI in the evaluation of cervical lymphadenopathy in patients with irradiation-treated head and neck cancer
Authors: Cheng Ping-Chia , Chang Chih-Ming , Liao Li-Jen , Hsieh Chen-Hsi , Shueng Pei-Wei , Cheng Po-Wen , Lo Wu-Chia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, we determined the diagnostic performance of adding ultrasound (US) with/without fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) to computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating neck lymphadenopathy (LAP) in patients with head and neck cancer treated with irradiation. We included 269 patients who had neck LAP after radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) resulting from cancers of the head and neck region between October 2008 and September 2018. The diagnostic methods consisted of the following: 1) CT/MRI alone, 2) CT/MRI combined with a post-RT US predictive model, and 3) CT/MRI combined with US + FNAC. We compared their diagnostic performance using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In total, 141 (52%) malignant and 128 (48%) benign LAPs were observed. Regarding the diagnostic accuracy, the area under the ROC curves was highest for the combined CT/MRI and US + FNAC (0.965), followed by the combined CT/MRI and post-RT US predictive model (0.906) and CT/MRI alone (0.836). Our data suggest that the addition of a US examination to CT/MRI resulted in higher diagnostic performance than CT/MRI alone in terms of diagnosing recurrent or persistent nodal disease during the evaluation of LAP in patients with irradiation-treated head and neck cancer.
Progress in nanoparticle-based regulation of immune cells
Authors: Fan Ya-Nan , Zhao Gui , Zhang Yue , Ye Qian-Ni , Sun Yi-Qun , Shen Song , Liu Yang , Xu Cong-Fei , Wang Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Immune cells are indispensable defenders of the human body, clearing exogenous pathogens and toxicities or endogenous malignant and aging cells. Immune cell dysfunction can cause an inability to recognize, react, and remove these hazards, resulting in cancers, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and infections. Immune cells regulation has shown great promise in treating disease, and immune agonists are usually used to treat cancers and infections caused by immune suppression. In contrast, immunosuppressants are used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the key to maintaining health is to restore balance to the immune system, as excessive activation or inhibition of immune cells is a common complication of immunotherapy. Nanoparticles are efficient drug delivery systems widely used to deliver small molecule inhibitors, nucleic acid, and proteins. Using nanoparticles for the targeted delivery of drugs to immune cells provides opportunities to regulate immune cell function. In this review, we summarize the current progress of nanoparticle-based strategies for regulating immune function and discuss the prospects of future nanoparticle design to improve immunotherapy.
Simultaneous aerodynamic and structural optimisation of a low-speed horizontal-axis wind turbine blade using metaheuristic algorithms
Authors: Sabangban Numchoak , Panagant Natee , Bureerat Sujin , Wansasueb Kittinan , Kuma Sumit , Yildiz Ali Riza , Pholdee Nantiwat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work presents a concurrent design and multi-objective optimisation framework of horizontal axis wind turbine blades, made of composite material, for low wind speed. The optimisation model aims to minimise the structural mass of the blade whilst simultaneously maximising the turbine power output, subjected to three constraints viz. blade tip deflection, and Tsai-Hill and von Mises criteria. The design variables are blade shape and details of the internal blade structure. The control points and polynomial interpolation technique were adopted to determine the blade shape while the airfoil types at blade sections remained fixed. The internal blade structure design variables include the thickness of ribs and spars and the carbon fibre thickness and orientations. The blade element momentum approach is utilised to calculate turbine power and structural loads, whereas a finite element method is employed for structural analysis. Twelve multi-objective metaheuristics algorithms are used to solve the proposed multi-objective optimisation problem while their performance is investigated. The results obtained show that the multi-objective cuckoo search algorithm is the most efficient method. This study is said to be the baseline for a future study on multi-objective optimisation which combines two design stages of the composite low-speed wind turbine blades.
The representation of multilingualism in dubbing and subtitling for the deaf and hard of hearing (SDH)
Authors: Rezvani Sichani Behnam , Afrouz Mahmoud , Moinzadeh Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Multilingualism serves an important function in the characterization of an audiovisual product; thus, its representation in translations demands scientific attention. The task of rendering multilingualism in translation becomes more complicated when no or limited access to the original audio content is possible. This being so, this study investigates the representation of multilingualism in English subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing (SDH) and Persian dubbing of four polyglot films. It examines and discusses the strategies adopted by translators in eight translations, both the SDH and dubbed versions. The results indicate that translators employ a variety of solutions and strategies to tackle challenges and render the third language (L3), but still dubbing tends to neutralize L3 in most instances. In the case of SDH, L3 was made explicit, but the high frequency of homogenising strategies and the loss of L3 in the translations were noticeable. These results could be of use for both cinema and translation professionals and non-professionals, particularly for enhancing media accessibility (MA) for the deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) community, besides adding to the body of studies on the translation of multilingualism.
Implementing of infrared camouflage with thermal management based on inverse design and hierarchical metamaterial
Authors: Jiang Xinpeng , Yuan Huan , He Xin , Du Te , Ma Hansi , Li Xin , Luo Mingyu , Zhang Zhaojian , Chen Huan , Yu Yang , Zhu Gangyi , Yan Peiguang , Wu Jiagui , Zhang Zhenfu , Yang Junbo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Infrared camouflage is an effective technique to avoid many kinds of target detection by detectors in the infrared band. For a high-temperature environment, thermal management of selective emission is crucial to dissipate heat in the mid-infrared non-atmospheric window (5–8 μm). However, it still remains challenges for balancing infrared camouflage and thermal management. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a multilayer film structure (MFS) for infrared camouflage with thermal management. Combining the ideal emission spectrum and genetic algorithm (GA), the inverse-design MFS containing 7 layers of five materials (SiO2, Ge, ZnS, Pt and Au) has been designed. Based on the hierarchical metamaterial, the optimized MFS has high performance of infrared camouflage to against the lidar detection in the near-infrared band. The experimental results reveal the high compatible efficiency among thermal camouflage (ε
3–5μm = 0.21, ε
8–14μm = 0.16), laser stealth (ε
1.06μm = 0.64, ε
1.55μm = 0.90, ε
10.6μm = 0.76) and thermal management (ε
5–8μm = 0.54). Therefore, the proposed MFSs are attractive as basic building block of selective emitter, for the application of advanced photonics such as radiative cooling, infrared camouflage, and thermal emission.
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(4-bromo-2-formylphenoxy)zinc(II), C14H12Br2O6Zn
Authors: Zou Fei , Zhang Sheng-Ting , Chen Jue-Yuan , Yuan Lin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
C14H12Br2O6Zn, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 29.43(2) Å, b = 4.774(4) Å, c = 11.658(9) Å, β =

103.194

(
7
)

∘

$103.194{(7)}^{\circ }$

, V = 1595(2) Å3, Z = 4,

R

g
t

${R}_{gt}$

(F) = 0.0235,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{ref}$

(F
2) = 0.0647, T = 296(2) K.
Analyzing Drop Jump Ground Reaction Forces in Microsoft Excel
Authors: Pedley Jason S. , Radnor John M. , Lloyd Rhodri S. , Oliver Jon L. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Analysis of ground reaction forces during a drop jump can provide greater insight into stretch-shortening cycle function and jump-landing strategy than performance metrics such as jump height, ground contact time, and reactive strength index. Commercially available force plates have customized processing software capable of calculating many variables, but this software can be cost-prohibitive for many academics and practitioners. Using the accompanying spreadsheet outlined in this article, any professional can quickly process force plate data and enhance their assessment of an athlete's stretch-shortening cycle function and plyometric performance to guide future training objectives.
Nietzsche e Prinz
Authors: Viesenteiner Jorge Luiz , F. Apolinário Vinícius 
Published: April 2023

O objetivo do texto é não apenas explicar a contribuição da filosofia de Nietzsche no atual debate em torno da filosofia das emoções, por meio da aproximação teórica com o emocionismo de Jesse Prinz – especialmente da abordagem das emoções entendidas como sentimento –, mas, sobretudo, defender a tese da compatibilidade da abordagem cognitiva e não cognitiva das emoções. Assim, se por um lado, emoções são acompanhadas de sinais somáticos, por outro lado, emoções também representam preocupações (Prinz) ou avaliações (Nietzsche) sobre algo no mundo. A tese compatibilista auxilia na solução de duas sérias objeções ao sentimentalismo: a determinação do conteúdo das emoções e a individualização das experiências emocionais. Essa conclusão é mais bem compreendida, além disso, por meio da hipótese disposicional.
O CANCELAMENTO VIRTUAL E A RESPONSABILDIADE CIVIL PELA VEICULAÇÃO DA IMAGEM NO CASO KAROL CONKÁ
Authors: Maia Larissa Fernandes , Brasil Deilton Ribeiro 
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem como objeto principal identificar os impactos jurídicos do cancelamento virtual no direito à honra de Karol Conká, que foi violado após a vinculação de sua imagem ao Big Brother Brasil 21.O objetivo principal da pesquisa é apurar resultados ocasionados pelo cancelamento mediante a violação da honra que foi desconstruída, rompendo a imagem de empoderamento e exemplo social. Como objetivo específico seria o de analisar o caso concreto da rapper e os efeitos jurídicos englobados ao cancelamento que acarretou a desfiguração de sua imagem, além da reflexão à punição frente as dificuldades em retornar à sua vida pública, devido aos efeitos da repressão. O procedimento metodológico adotado foi o qualitativo com intenção de analisar os fenômenos ocorridos. Como exemplo a redução dos seguidores e prejuízos financeiros, perante a repercussão causada à Karoline; analisar informações em noticiários e mensagens de ódio que contribuíram com o cancelamento; relatar sobre seu documentário após o programa e os traumas sofridos. Possibilitando a precisão da pesquisa pelo método de abordagem indutivo, mediante procedimento de estudo de caso anterior e posterior a participação de Karol no BBB21, a fim de fortalecer a identificação dos impactos jurídicos advindos do cancelamento virtual. Por fim, conclui-se em razão do estudo, a responsabilidade civil da rede de transmissão como pivô da grande repercussão do ódio, além da negligencia aos ataques sofridos por Karol, acentuando sua imagem de vilã, visando monetização devido à grande audiência que assegurava.
Bir süt fabrikasında süt tozu üretimi proses ihtiyacı için ısı eşanjörü tasarımı ve HAD analizi
Authors: KÖSE Ulaş , ÖĞÜT Elif 
Published: April 2023

Bir endüstriyel süt tesisinde iki farklı yarı mamulden, altı farklı ana mamul elde edilmektedir. İstenilen protein ve yağ oranlarına göre farklı kalitelerde ve farklı alt ürünlerde elde edilmektedir. Peynir altı suyu tozu, Peynir altı suyu kreması, Süt, Süt tozu, Süt kreması, Tereyağı gibi üretimi yapılan ürünler farklı karbonhidrat, yağ, protein oranlılarında paketlenerek merkez fabrikaya sevk edilmektedir.
Süt tozu üretimi, işlenmemiş sütün fabrikaya gelmesi ile başlar. Üç farklı basamakta meydana gelir. Bunlar: Ön işlem, Standardizasyon ve Yoğunlaştırılmış sütün kurutulmasıdır. Yoğunlaştırılmış sütün kurutulması süt kulelerinde yapılmaktadır. Süt kulesinde “Atomizer” tip püskürtücüler mevcuttur. Pompa vasıtasıyla 35 metre yükseklikteki püskürtücüye 300 bar basınçta gönderilen yoğunlaştırılmış süt, buhar ile ısıtılmış, şartlandırılmış ve girdap şeklinde yönlendirilmiş olan sıcak havaya püskürtülerek kurutma işlemi gerçekleştirilir. Peynir altı suyu kulelerinde ise nozel tip püskürtücüler kullanılmaktadır. Bu tip nozul püskürtücülerde ürün pompa ile basınçlandırılarak kuleye transfer edilir. Süt tozu prosesinde olduğu gibi peynir suyu prosesinde de girdap şekline gelen sıcak havanın üzerine konsantre ürün püskürtülerek kuruma işlemi gerçekleştirilir.
Her iki proseste de kurutma işlemi için buhar kullanılmaktadır. Peynir altı suyu tozu için 12,3 bar 192,7 °C buhar, süt tozu için ise 13,5 bar 196,6 °C buhar kullanılmaktadır. Bu sistemde amaç, ürünü ısıtılmış olan hava ile kurutmaktır.
Süt tozu fabrikalarında süt tozunu kurutmak için buhar kullanılır. Kullanılan buhar, kondense dönüştüğünde üzerindeki basınçtan dolayı enerji bulunmaktadır. Bu enerji genel anlamda atık ısı olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Atık ısıyı geri kazanmanın birçok yolu bulunmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışma kapsamında ön ısıtma bataryasının hesapları yapılarak kondens suyunun üzerindeki gizli ısıyı havaya aktararak atık ısı geri kazanımı sağlanmış olacaktır. Günümüz şartlarında enerji verimliliğini sağlayabilmek adına atık ısı geri kazanım prosesleri önem arz etmektedir. Sektörün birçok tasarruf tedbirleri kapsamında projeler geliştirdiği ve en hızlı geri dönüşüm olarak enerji verimliliği projelerinin oluştuğu piyasada görülmektedir. Rekabet edilebilen enerjiyi daha verimli kullanmak adına yola çıkılan bu çalışmada, havanın debisini pitot tüpü yardımıyla doğrulayarak kondensin üzerinde bulunan ısı yükünün ne kadarının havaya aktarabileceği hesaplanmıştır. Bu hesaplamalar doğrultusunda elde edilen veriler ile tasarımı yapılmış olan batarya sisteme entegre edilerek devreye alınmıştır. Entegre edilen bataryanın sıcaklık ve basınç farkları ölçülmüştür. Deneysel sonuçlardan elde edilen ısı transferi ve basınç kayıpları HAD paket programıyla elde edilen değerlerle karşılaştırılmıştır.
TR83 bölgesinde K-Means ve ARAS yöntemiyle kompost tesisi kuruluş yeri seçimi
Authors: DÜNDAR Sinan 
Published: April 2023

Tarım arazilerinde verimlilik, tartışma konusu olmaya devam ederken çevresel açıdan olumsuz etkilere neden olan hayvansal atıkların değerlendirilmesi modern çağın kaçınılmaz bir sorunudur. Hâlbuki binlerce besicilik işletmesinde oluşan bu atıklar, toprağın rehabilitasyonu amacıyla kompost üretimi için kullanılabilir niteliktedir. Bu şekilde, atıkların neden olduğu çevresel etkiler asgari düzeye çekilebilecek, ekim faaliyetinde bulunan çiftçiler daha yüksek verim alabilecek ve her durumda bu kaynaktan ekonomik getiri sağlanabilecektir.
Bu gerekçelerle Samsun, Tokat, Çorum ve Amasya illerinde faaliyet gösteren 123.123 adet besicilik işletmesinden çıkan atıkların kompost olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik uygun kuruluş yeri seçimi amacıyla bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Tüm besicilik işletmelerinin coğrafi koordinatları belirlenerek bu işletmeler K-Means kümeleme yöntemi ile 18 küme kategorisine ayrılmıştır. Kompost üretimine yatırım yapmayı hedefleyen bir girişimcinin bu küme alternatiflerinden en uygun olanını seçmesine yardımcı olmak maksadıyla çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri arasında yer alan ARAS yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kümeleme analizi için uygulanacak optimum 18 küme sayısı Elbow (Dirsek) ve f(K) Fonksiyon yöntemleri ile belirlenmiştir. Küme alternatiflerinin optimallik sıralamasından önce belirlenen 6 kriterin ve bu kriterlerin ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi için SWARA yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Elde edilen sonuçlara göre TR83 Bölgesinde 18 küme alternatifi içerisinde hayvansal atıklardan kompost üretimi için en uygun üç lokasyonun Amasya ili Suluova ilçe merkezi, Tokat ili Merkez ilçesi ve Çorum Merkez ilçesine bağlı Kuşsaray köyü olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Evaluation of the global applicability of the regional time- and magnitude-predictable seismicity model
Authors: Papazachos Constantinos B. , Papadimitriou Eleftheria E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo main issues are examined that concern the global applicability of two models that associate earthquake recurrence intervals and the magnitude of the preceding or following event of each interval, namely, the regional time- and magnitude-predictable models. Specifically, the statistical significance of the results that are obtained by application of these models to a high-quality data set is tested, and then the effect of the seismic zonation process on these results is examined. A simple application of the time-predictable model to different seismogenic regions using data from a high-quality global data set leads to results that satisfy the 95% confidence limit for different obtained parameters in only 25% of the cases. Using simple Monte Carlo simulation, it is shown that these statistical significance tests often fail simply because of the errors in the magnitude determination and the small magnitude range spanned by the available data. Moreover, these tests examine each seismogenic region separately and ignore the global applicability of such a model. For this reason, a procedure that incorporates the whole global data set is applied. The results and the detailed statistical analysis demonstrate the consistency of the behavior of this recurrence model, as this was established from earlier regional studies. Application of the model to an independent data set shows that the results are robust when different seismic zonation techniques are used. On the contrary, the slip-predictable model is rejected using the same procedure. These results suggest that the time- and magnitude-predictable models can generally be used for practical purposes and hazard estimates in active seismogenic regions, provided that an appropriate data sample, as defined in the present article, is available for each region.