bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Study of Straw Porous Biochar with Aromatic Ring Structure for Adsorption Performance and Mechanism towards TNT Red Water
Authors: Liu Nengsheng , Qin Jiangzhou , Ge Xinrui , Lu Yanyu , Zhang Jihan , Zhao Quanlin , Ye Zhengfang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Finding efficient and sustainable methods for the remove of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from industrial wastewater is an important research area in the field of environment. This paper explores the application of sustainable biomass-derived carbon produced from rice straw for the adsorption of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) red water. The rice straw-derived biochar (SBC) materials were synthesized by two-step reactions through hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation with KOH. Characterization of the fabricated biochar was conducted using various techniques. Here the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was used as an evaluation index for adsorption efficiency. The adsorption kinetics showed a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved in 30 min. The biochar’s high surface area (1319 m2/g) and large pore volume (1.058 cm3/g) gave it a large adsorption capacity. The Langmuir model exhibited better correlation for equilibrium data analysis, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 173.9 mg/g at 298 K. The SBC was found to have a high removal effect over a wide pH range (from 1 to 13) and showed remarkable stability after undergoing five desorption-adsorption cycles using ethanol and acetone as eluent. The results provide a simple and low-cost method for the efficient treatment of TNT red water.
Calculations of contaminants removal from liquid aluminium to top slag
Authors: Żak Paweł Leszek , Kalisz Dorota , Kuglin Kamil , Szucki Michał , Mrówka Natalia , Dan Elena 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the paper results of numerical analysis of KCl and KF contamination particles present in liquid aluminium assimilationto the slag are presented. Authors analyzed contamination particle movement in the slag model, which base on buoyant,capillary, viscosity, Newton and repulsion forces, interfacial tensions at the interface of phases and surface energy during theparticle movement through phases boundary. On the base of the mathematical model computer program was written to makesimulations under different conditions. In the paper results of particle position in the slag for different particle radiuses: 1, 5, 10,20 μm, and constant slag viscosity including velocity evolution are presented. Another approach was used to indicate influenceof slag viscosity on particle and slag penetration depth. During computations selected slag viscosities of 0.0012, 0.0015,0.0018 [kg / m·s] were taken into account. Different comparisons were made for chosen particle sizes. Each examinationtakes into account impact of contamination particle type. Results clearly show that for larger particles slag penetration depth isgreater and viscosity of the slag has an impact on velocity evolution during assimilation process.
Multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment model for enterprise business activities
Authors: Zhang Haolin , Zhang Ran , Li Su , Du Likuan , Song Baoyan , Wang Junlu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Blockchain-based applications are becoming more and more widespread in business operations. This paper proposes a multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment method for enterprise business activities, aiming at the problems that most of the data in enterprise business activities come from different data sources, information representation is inconsistent, information ambiguity between the same block chain is serious, and it is difficult to evaluate the consistency, credibility and value of information. The method firstly proposes an entity information representation method based on the Representation learning for fusing entity category information (CEKGRL) model, which introduces the triad structure of related entities in blockchain, then associates them with enterprise business activity categories, and carries out similarity calculation through contextual information to achieve blockchain information consistency assessment. After that, a trustworthiness characterisation method is proposed based on information sources, information comments, and information contents, to obtain the trustworthiness assessment of the business. Finally, based on the information trustworthiness characterization, a value assessment method is introduced to assess the total value of business activity information in the blockchain, and a blockchain quality assessment model is constructed. The experimental results show that the proposed model has great advantages over existing methods in assessing inter-block consistency, intra-block activity information trustworthiness and the value of blockchain.
Content analysis of drug recall announcements in Saudi Arabia: Between 2016 and 2022
Authors: Almutairi Malak , Algabbani Aljoharah , Asiri Ajbaa Al , Homaidan Ali Al , Alqahtani Amani S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to analyze drug recall reports issued by the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) in Saudi Arabia over seven years and describe the practice of pharmaceutical companies regarding voluntary drug recalls.
Methods
A retrospective data analysis was conducted on drug recall announcements issued by the SFDA between July 2016 and December 2022. The study included registered and unregistered drug recalls posted on the SFDA Drugs Circulars and Withdrawal webpage. Descriptive analysis was performed on variables such as recall year, report language, number of report items, depth of recall, product name, therapeutic class, product registration status, recall type, pharmaceutical company type, recall reasons, and voluntary or involuntary product defect reports.
Results
During the study period, a total of 375 products were recalled, with the majority being involuntary recalls (82.7%). Over two-thirds of the recalls (66.4%) were related to registered products. The most common reasons for recalls were non-compliance with manufacturer's specifications (33.3%), contamination (23.7%), and violations (20.5%). A total of 109 pharmaceutical companies were associated with the recalled products, with (85.3%) being generic pharmaceutical companies. The majority of innovator pharmaceutical companies (68.8%) requested voluntary drug recall of defective products. Innovator pharmaceutical companies tended to request voluntary recalls more often than generic pharmaceutical companies.
Conclusion
The study findings highlight the most frequent causes of drug recalls and the patterns of voluntary recall requests by pharmaceutical companies. Non-compliance with manufacturer's specifications was the most common reason for recalls. Innovator pharmaceutical companies were more likely to request voluntary recalls for product defects compared to generic pharmaceutical companies.
Duration of untreated illness; year of onset early/late and Gender differences, symptoms in patients with Major depressive disorder. an eighteen month, cross-sectional, clinical study in southwest China
Authors: Cao Xiang , Liu Zijun , Duan Yunfang , Zheng Qiong , Zhao Xinling , Liu Yilin , You Xu , Guo Zeyi , Wu Xiaoqin , Tu FangJun , Qin Fuyi , Wen Jia , Hou Xi , Zhang Yunqiao , Zeng Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective:
Previous studies have reported differences between adolescent-depression and adult- onset depression with respect to demographic and clinical symptoms. However, it remains unclear whether these sex and age of onset differences can be detected in regular scales based on symptom traits. The comparition of symptoms between early-onset (male/female) and late-onset (male/female) Chinese MDD patients was performed in the present study.
Methods/Study protocol:
The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the psychiatric department of the sixth affiliated hospital at Kunming Medical University from Sep 2020 to Mar 2022. We recruited 229 outpatients with a first diagnosis of MDD .Two groups differed on seven-dimensional symptoms on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) in addition, correlations between seven-dimensional symptoms were compared across two groups.Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted to assess sex, SAS and SDS differences between two groups.
Results:
1.Early-onset cases have a high score in Hopelessness score (p=0.049), whereas females have a higher score in Anxiety somatization score (p=0.005) and sleep disturbances（p=0.007），There was no significant symptom difference in symptoms between the groups and other symptoms.
2.female(p＜0.01) and early-onset（p＜0.05）are risk factors for hopelessness in MDD, female（p＜0.05）is a risk factor of sleep disturbances in late-onset MDD, early-onset（p＜0.05）is a risk factor of cognitive impairment restrict in female in MDD. 3.we found no significant goodness of fit and predictive power in 4 groups categorized by year of onset.
Conclusion:
larger samples sizes in different regions and time periods with targeted cognitive questionnaire are warranted to redress the new nosology in early-onset MDD based on DUI in additional studies2.Late-onset female patients show less cognitive impairment and more sleep disorder.3.the female and early onset year are risk factors in the hopelessness score in cases of MDD.
Trial entry:
China Clinical Trials.gov 908236120030
Postoperative outcomes, predictors and trends of mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery with underlying aortic stenosis: A nationwide inpatient sample analysis
Authors: Hassan Shahzad , Anwar Waqas , Mehta Shivani , Hanif Muhammad Iftikhar , Kamouh Abdallah , Blood Alexander J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Hip fractures frequently necessitate hospitalization, especially among patients aged 75 and above who might concurrently suffer from aortic stenosis (AS). This study focuses on postoperative outcomes, potential determinants of morbidity and mortality, as well as evolving trends in patients with AS undergoing surgical repair of hip fractures.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the nationwide inpatient sample from 2008 to 2019 was conducted. Hip fracture cases were identified, and a subgroup with AS was isolated using the ICD-9 and ICD-10 diagnostic codes. We compared baseline characteristics, postoperative in-hospital outcomes and trends in mortality and morbidity between patients with and without AS.Results: From the dataset, 2,834,919 patients with hip fracture were identified on weighted analysis. Of these, 94,270 (3.3%) were found to have concurrent AS. The AS cohort was characterized by higher mean age and elevated burden of cardiovascular comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. Postoperative mortality following hip fracture surgery was greater in the AS groups compared to non-AS group (3.3% vs 1.57%, p < 0.001). Risk factors such as congestive heart failure (OR, 2.3[CI, 2.1–2.6]), age above 85 years (OR, 3.2[CI, 2.2–4.7]), cardiac arrhythmias (OR, 2.4[CI, 2.2–2.6]), end-stage renal disease (OR, 3.4[CI, 2.7–4.1]), malnutrition (OR, 2.3[CI, 2.1–2.7]) and AS (OR, 1.2[CI, 1.08–1.5] were associated with increased adjusted odds of postoperative mortality. AS was linked to higher adjusted odds of postoperative mortality (OR, 1.2 [CI, 1.1–1.5]) and complications such as acute myocardial infarction (OR, 1.2 [CI, 1.01–1.4]), cardiogenic shock (OR, 2.0[CI, 1.4–2.9]) and acute renal failure (OR, 1.1[CI, 1.02–1.2]). While hospital stay duration was comparable in both groups (average 5 days), the AS group incurred higher costs (mean $50,673 vs $44,607). The presence of acute heart failure in patients with AS and hip fracture significantly increased mortality, hospital stay, and cost. A notable decline in postoperative in-hospital mortality was observed in both groups from 2008–2019 though the rate of major in-hospital complications rose.Conclusion: AS significantly influences postoperative in-hospital mortality and complication rates in hip fracture patients. While a reduction in postoperative mortality was observed in both AS and non-AS cohorts, the incidence of major in-hospital complications increased across both groups.
Designing a psychometric assessment tool for evaluating Training Programs of Clinical Skill Training Center from Consumers’ Perspective
Authors: Azad Rezvan , Shakour Mahsa , Moharami narjes 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The Clinical Skill Training Center (CSTC) is the first educational environment where students learn clinical skills. Consumer- based evaluation is one of the ways to improve this center with the consumer. This study was conducted with the aim of preparing a consumer-oriented evaluation tool for CSTC.
Method: The study was mixed method. After literature review in the Divergent phase, a complete list of problems in the field of CSTC was prepared. In the convergent stage, the prepared list was placed next to the clinical education standards and Scriven evaluation values and reviewed with the highest degree by the scientific committee consisting of experts from the Faculty of Medicine and Clinical Education and compared to limiting them according to the criteria. Validity has been measured by determining CVR and CVI: Index. The face and content validity of the tool was obtained through the approval of a group of specialists.
Results: The findings of the research were in the form of 4 questionnaires: clinical instructors, pre-clinical students, and medical trainees and interns. All items were designed as a 5-point Likert. The main areas of evaluation included the objectives and content of training courses, implementation of operations, facilities and equipment, and the environment and indoor space. In order to examine the long-term effects, a special evaluation form was designed for intern.
Conclusion: The tool for consumer evaluation was designed with good reliability and trustworthiness and suitable for use in the CSTC, and its use can improve the effectiveness of clinical education activities.
Short-term effects of athletic taping techniques on calcaneal frontal angle in young female adults with flexible flatfoot
Authors: Tang Meihua , Wang Lin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to explore short-term effects of athletic taping techniques on calcaneal frontal range of motion (ROM) during walking in young female adults with flexible flatfoot (FFT).
Methods
Twenty young female adults with FFT were recruited. Each participant was randomly divided into two groups, namely, augmented low-Dye (ALD) and modified low-Dye (MLD) groups. The calcaneal frontal ROM was measured on the basis of the resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP), maximum calcaneal eversion, maximum calcaneal inversion and calcaneal frontal ROM. The measurements were collected at baseline, after taping and after 20-min walking.
Results
Compared with baseline, the RCSP values increased after 20-min walking with ALD (p = 0.004). After 20-min walking, ALD taping performed higher maximum calcaneal eversion (p = 0.02) and frontal ROM (p = 0.003) than post taping. MLD taping performed higher maximum calcaneal inversion (p = 0.001) and frontal ROM (p = 0.002) after 20-min walking than post taping.
Conclusions
This study indicated that in young female adults with FFT, the short-term effects of athletic taping on RCSP and calcaneal frontal angle during the gait support phase were limited, and ALD taping exhibited higher RCSP with walking time than MLD taping. Therefore, using two taping techniques as prescription basis for calcaneal eversion correction in young women with FFT in clinical practice is not recommended.
Trial registration:
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Sport (No. 102772021RT026).
Detection of thyroid hormone transport inhibition in the Xenopus Eleutheroembryonic Thyroid Assay (XETA)
Authors: Batel Annika , Stilgenbauer Melissa , Spyridonov Inka Marie , Weltje Lennart 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Xenopus Eleutheroembryonic Thyroid Assay (XETA, OECD TG 248 was established as a non-animal alternative to the Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay (AMA, OECD TG 231) for the analysis of (anti-)thyroid activity of chemicals. Since the test employs animals which are physiologically not fully functional yet, there are limitations in the XETA to detect certain mechanisms along the HPT (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid) axis. However, the inhibition of thyroid hormone transport should physiologically be detectable with the XETA but was not yet investigated thoroughly. Here, we tested three substances that are known to inhibit thyroid hormone transport by competitive binding to transthyretin in mammalian studies, namely pentachlorophenol (PCP, tested at 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L), tetrabromo bisphenol A (TBBPA) and mefenamic acid (both tested at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/L). X. laevis eleutheroembryos of Nieuwkoop-Faber stage 45 were exposed in 6-well plates (10 embryos in 8 mL test medium per well) for 72 hours at 21°C. Results show that especially for highly potent substances such as PCP and TBBPA, the XETA effectively detects their thyroid hormone transport inhibition potential, while for the lower potency substance mefenamic acid, a trend was visible, but a significant inhibition was not detected. Overall, the results indicate that in the XETA, the mechanism of thyroid hormone transport inhibition can be detected.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis caused by GATA2 deficiency : cases report
Authors: Wu Lin , Wang Jingshi , Song Deli , You Yahong , Wang Zhao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome describing patients with severe systemic hyperinflammation. GATA binding protein 2 (GATA 2) is a transcription factor and key component in hematopoiesis and stem cell biology.
Case presentation:
Three patients with HLH, one with Mycobacterium avium, one with EBV infection, and one with Mycobacterium Kansas, all of which were subsequently found to be defective in the GATA2 gene by genetic testing.
Conclusions
GATA2 gene deficiency syndrome should be considered if the patient has myelodysplastic syndrome, non-tuberculous mycobacterium infection and HLH. In addition, the GATA2 gene mutation may be a gene defect other than the current primary HLH gene that can cause HLH. Further studies are needed to confirm the role of GATA2 gene defects in the pathogenesis of HLH.
BMI mediates the effects of gut microbes on bone mineral density in the "intestinal bone axis": an observational study versus a mediation Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xu Wenchang , Zhang Fengjun , Xu Ziting , Li Xing , Li Hengbing , Zhang Weijie , Yu gongchang , Shi Bin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Several pieces of evidence suggest a strong association between gut microbiota (GM) and bone mineral density (BMD), but the intermediate factors between them are still unknown. While one study proposes that body mass index (BMI) might serve as an intermediary factor between gut microbiota and bone mineral density, there is insufficient evidence to substantiate this claim. We conducted an observational study and a mediation mendelian randomization analysis to investigate whether BMI could function as a mediator between gut microbiota and bone mineral density, thereby addressing this gap in knowledge.
Methods
We conducted an observational study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2013 and 2018. The independent effect of BMI on BMD was verified by using multiple linear regression analysis to exclude interference from confounders. We subsequently performed three-category Mendelian randomization analyses ((a) We used 211 categories of gut microbes as the exposure and eBMD as the outcome; (b) we used 211 categories of gut microbes as the exposure and BMI as the outcome; (c) we used BMI as the exposure and eBMD as the outcome). Ultimately, we identified one bacterium that could act as a mediator in multivariable and mediation Mendelian randomization analysis. For the primary analysis, we employed inverse variance weighting (IVW) and combined it with four other analysis methods and multiple sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity analysis, horizontally pleiotropic analysis, "leave-one-out" analysis, MR-PRESSO, and MR-LASSO.
Results
Our multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI had an independent influence on BMD (β = 0.011, t = 8.155, P < 0.05), after adjusting for other confounding factors. The results of our Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that eight bacterial genera were significantly associated with eBMD, while 15 bacterial genera were significantly associated with BMI. The results of the multivariate MR analysis of phylum-Actinobacteria showed that BMI acted as a mediator between phylum-Actinobacteria and eBMD, with BMI accounting for 84.9% of the intermediate effect.
Conclusion
Our study found that BMI fully mediated the association between phylum-Actinobacteria and eBMD. However, we cannot extrapolate this finding to suggest that BMI can mediate the association between other gut microbiota and eBMD. Our findings suggest that phylum-Actinobacteria could potentially serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target for osteoporotic patients who are obese. Modulating the relative abundance of phylum-Actinobacteria may be particularly effective in obese patients with osteoporosis. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Sustainable pathways for attaining net-zero emissions in European emerging countries – the nexus between renewable energy sources and ecological footprint
Authors: Tiwari Sunil , Sharif Arshian , Nuta Florian , Nuta Alina Cristina , CUTCU Ibrahim , EREN Mehmet Vahit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the relationship between renewable energy and ecological footprint during the period of 1994–2018 from selected developing countries in Europe (Czechia, Croatia, Poland, Romania, Romania, and Turkey). In this context, the ecological footprint (EF), which has recently been the most widely used environmental indicator in the literature and is known as the most comprehensive because it includes many environmental factors, has been determined as the dependent variable. As independent variables, renewable energy consumption (REC), energy-related tax revenue (ETR), and energy productivity (EP) are included in the model. GDP and development of environment-related technologies (DET), which affect the ecological footprint in the model, are determined as control variables. As a result of the panel data analysis, according to the Durbin–Hausman cointegration test result, a long-term relationship between the variables was determined. According to the CCE estimator analysis, it can be said that there is a positive relationship between ETR and GDP variables and EF. For the AMG estimator analysis, it can be said that there is a positive relationship between GDP and EP variables and EF. Finally, according to the results of the Konya Causality test, a unidirectional causality relationship is detected from environmental technologies to the ecological footprint in Turkey, and a unidirectional causality relationship from the ecological footprint to GDP in Czechia, Romania, and Turkey. Furthermore, no causality relationship is detected between other variables. Based on the results, several policy implications are suggested.