bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smoking Prevalences of All Grades from Oldest Medical School in Turkey and Attitudes of Medical Students as a Potential Role Model
Authors: Bayramlar Osman Faruk , Karabey Selma , Koci Mert Burak , Bozdag Semih , Ozturk Hatice , Karakaya Nur Rana , Bahar Zeynep , Kocak Elif Nur , Surme Serkan , Karaca Esra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Medical students are candidates for counseling tobacco addicts after graduation. In contrast, they have high rates of tobacco smoking.
Aims: Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence and dynamics of tobacco smoking among medical students from all grades and to determine its relationship with sociodemographic factors and content of medical education in order to formulate effective tobacco control measures.
Methods: A questionnaire prepared in cooperation with the 'World Health Organization' was applied as online to 697 medical students in 2020 as a randomized cross-sectional study covering all grades of the medical school. Tobacco Control lectures in school curriculum were also examined.
Results: While 3.3% of the students smoked when they just started the school, smoking prevalence reached a peak value of 31% in the grade-2 and decreased to 23% in the grade-6. Of the 135 smokers, 43% smoked their first cigarette during their medical education. “Having smoker best friends” was the most important factor in starting smoking (OR:14.89, p<0.001). Of smokers 59.3% (n=80) want to quit smoking. Only 20.7% of students who tried to quit smoking received professional help. The smoking risk was 12.5-fold higher in students who tried to use hookahs than never tried (p<0.001). The students who are expected to receive sufficient quantity and quality education, took only 1-hour lecture on tobacco control in the first two years of school.
Conclusion: Increased smoking rates indicate that psychosocial supporting mechanisms and tobacco control lectures should be developed to prevent students from starting smoking during the undergraduate medical education period.
GeloMyrtol could Improve Survival of Patients with Pseudomyxoma Peritonei: A Retrospective Case Control Study on 470 Patients from a Single Center
Authors: Zhao Xin , Lin Yu-Lin , Li Xin-Bao , Ma Ru , Zhang Ying , Li Yan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
To analyze the clinical efficacy of GeloMyrtol (GM) in treating pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP).
Methods
PMP patients treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) at Beijing Shijitan Hospital from July 2015 to April 2022 were included in this study. Patients who took GM before CRS + HIPEC were defined as study group and patients who did not take GM were defined as control group. Kaplan-Meier survival method was used to compare overall survival (OS) of two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the independent prognostic factors.
Results
Among the included 470 PMP patients, 212 (45.1%) cases were in study group and 258 (54.9%) cases in control group. The median OS (mOS) was 156.3 (95%CI: not reached) months in the study group vs. 68.0 (95%CI: 51.9–84.1) months in the control group (P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed 7 independent prognostic factors: grouping, operation history, histological grading, peritoneal cancer index (PCI), completeness of cytoreduction (CC), lymphatic metastasis and number of resected organs. Patients who did not take GM had a 2.786-fold higher risk of death than those who took GM before CRS + HIPEC (P < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.248–0.519).
Conclusions
GM could improve survival of PMP treated with CRS + HIPEC.
Testing the efficiency of capture methods for questing Hyalomma lusitanicum ticks (vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus)
Authors: Cuadrado-Matías Raúl , Casades-Martí Laia , Peralbo-Moreno Alfonso , Baz-Flores Sara , García-Manzanilla Edgar , Ruiz-Fons Francisco 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Available methods to census exophilic tick populations have limitations in estimating true population size due to their inability to capture a high proportion of the actual tick population. We currently ignore the efficacy of these methods to capture questing Hyalomma spp. ticks, vectors of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. To address the need to accurately estimate questing densities of Hyalomma spp. we designed a field experiment to test the efficacy of blanket dragging, blanket flagging, CO2-baited traps, and and ad hoc designed method, absolute surface counts, in capturing adult Hyalomma lusitanicum ticks.
Methods
The experiment was designed in two stages to estimate the point (one-day sampling) and cumulative (three-day serial sampling) efficacy of the methods under varying sampling effort and habitat. Tick survival, host interference, and weather effects on efficacy were controlled for in multiple regression models.
Results
There was high variability in method efficacy for capturing ticks, which was also modulated by effort and habitat. The most effective method was absolute surface counts for both point estimates (39%) and cumulative efficacy (83%). CO2-baited traps reached a maximum efficacy of 37%, while blanket dragging and blanket flagging captured around 8% of the marked ticks.
Conclusions
Our results reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the different tick capture methods applied to study the demography of H. lusitanicum, and lay the groundwork for more accurate inferences about the true size of exophilic tick populations.
Rural women and ecotourism: modelling entrepreneurial behavior in Iran
Authors: Aghdasi Sahar , Najafabadi Maryam Omidi , Hosseini Seyed Jamal Farajollah 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fars province, as one of the most susceptible ecotourism regions of Iran, has paid attention to the establishment of ecotourism residences with the priority of rural women through ecotourism entrepreneurial training in recent years. In this regard, the present study investigates the effective factors on entrepreneurial behavior with Fars rural women ecotourism approach in Iran. The participants of the study were 431 of rural women in Fars and 205 were determined by Cochran formula. It is inferred from the results that step-by-step procedure of changing norms towards the acceptance of rural women entrepreneurs as well as the acceptance of ecotourism culture through the establishment of local and regional institutions and organizations in a context of family support with strong bonds of commitment, solidarity, environmental and infrastructural foundations will lead to a strong desire to constitute ecotourism residence by rural women.
Neuroendocrine tumours of the orbit: report of three cases and a literature review
Authors: Qiao JunYi , Wang yujiao , He weimin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are malignancies originating from neuroendocrine cells. NETs mainly occur in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs and can metastasise to the eye orbit in rare cases. We analysed three orbital NET cases in the present study and described their clinicopathologic factors, treatments and prognosis.

Case presentation

Three orbital NET cases were described in the present study. The average age of the patients was 59 years old. One patient was male, and two were female. Two of them showed ocular symptoms, including unilateral proptosis and eyelid mass; the other showed systemic symptoms as Cushing syndrome. The three patients underwent surgical resection of the tumour. Tumours were analysed using immunohistochemistry assays and were positive for PCK and EMA. Besides, two patients were positive for CD56 and Syn. Cases 1 and 2 were pathologically diagnosed with "neuroendocrine carcinoma", refused treatment, and died three months later. Case 3 was diagnosed with a "neuroendocrine tumour", and after the operation, the Cushing syndrome symptoms gradually disappeared. Finally, no recurrence was found after four years of follow-up.

Conclusion

Neuroendocrine tumours can originate from orbit and show different clinical manifestations due to the different types of orbital NETs. Pathology can clarify the diagnosis, classification and grading, provide a reference value for treatment strategy and prognosis.
Health risk of heavy metals from the consumption of cucumber in Darrehshahr Township, west of Iran
Authors: Mortazavi Samar , Khodadadi Tarokh , Mazloomi Sajad , Nourmoradi Heshmatollah , Mirzaei Mehri 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Because of the routine consumption of vegetables and the possibility of heavy metals contamination, it can threaten the health of consumers. In this investigation, the concentration and human health risks of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni) were evaluated in the harvested cucumber samples in nine villages of the Darrehshahr Township, Iran. The average concentrations of elements in all the villages were ranked as follows: Zn < Pb < Cu < Ni < Cd. The concentration of Cd (except village I) and Pb as toxic pollutants in all the samples were higher than maximum levels (ML) of Iran standard. Among all the studied elements, only EDI and EWI values of Pb were found to be higher than recommended value limits of Iran standard. THQ (Target Hazard Quotient) of all the elements except Pb was less than 1and was in the order Pb > Cu > Zn > Ni > Cd. So, the health risk of cucumber consumption, because of Pb, was high. Total Target Hazard Quotient (TTHQ) in all the villages was more than 10. It represented that the health risk for non-carcinogenic diseases due to long term cucumber consumption would be high. Based on the results, there is a health risk from consumption of cucumber grown in Darrehshahr Township because of high Pb concentration.
Camera-based intelligent stream stage sensing for decentralized environmental monitoring
Authors: Sermet Yusuf , Demir Ibrahim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccurate, vast, and real-time coverage of water level monitoring is crucial for the advancement of environmental research, specifically in the areas of climate change, water distribution, and natural disaster preparedness and management. The current state of the monitoring network requires an immediate solution to produce low-cost and accurate water level measurement sensors. This research presents a novel methodology for intelligent stream stage measurement, creating a distinct opportunity for a low-cost, camera-based embedded system that will measure water levels and share surveys to support environmental monitoring and decision-making. It is implemented as a stand-alone device that utilizes a registry of structures and points of interest (POI) along with the core modules of the application logic: (1) deep-learning powered water segmentation; (2) visual servoing; and (3) POI geolocation computation. The implementation relies on a Raspberry-Pi with a motorized camera for automated measurements and is supported by a Proportional–Integral–Derivative controller and multiprocessing. For future work, the involvement of the camera supports further use cases such as recognizing objects (e.g., debris, trees, humans, and boats) on the water surface. Additionally, the method shown can be made into a Progressive Web Application (PWA) that can be used on smartphones to allow crowdsourced citizen science applications for environmental monitoring.
Contribution of wastewater-based epidemiology to SARS-CoV-2 screening in Brazil and the United States
Authors: Henriques Taciane Barbosa , Cassini Servio Túlio , de Pinho Keller Regina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a valuable tool for investigating the existence, prevalence, and spread of pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2, in a given population. WBE, proposed as part of the SARS-CoV-2 surveillance strategy for monitoring virus circulation, may complement clinical data and contribute to reducing the spread of the disease through early detection. In developing countries such as Brazil, where clinical data are scarce, information obtained from wastewater monitoring can be crucial for designing public health interventions. In the United States, the country with the largest number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases worldwide, WBE programs have begun to be carried out to investigate correlations with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical data and support health agencies in decision-making to prevent the spread of the disease. This systematic review aimed to assess the contribution of WBE to SARS-CoV-2 screening in Brazil and the United States and compare studies conducted in a developed and developing country. Studies in Brazil and the United States showed WBE to be an important epidemiological surveillance strategy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. WBE approaches are useful for early detection of COVID-19 outbreaks, estimation of clinical cases, and assessment of the effectiveness of vaccination program.
Chromium(III) adsorption removal from acidic solutions by isomeric and tunnel-structural iron oxyhydroxides
Authors: Xiong Huixin , Xu Jing , Li Shiqing , Xu Yiqun 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Iron oxyhydroxides for heavy metal treatment have attracted wide attention. In this work, iron oxyhydroxides of isomeric FeOOH (GpI) and tunnel-structural schwertmannite/akaganéite (GpII) were selected to study chromium (Cr(III)) adsorption removal from acidic aqueous solutions by batch experiments, under various reaction time, adsorbate/adsorbent level, pH and anions. Adsorption processes well fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.992–0.999, except for 0.829 for Lep). Isotherm data could be fitted by Langmuir (R2 = 0.901–0.985), Freundlich (R2 = 0.884–0.985) and Temkin (R2 = 0.845–0.961) models at pH 3.7. Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities (mg/g) were 10.4−18.8 (FeOOH, except for 3.08 for Gth2) in GpI, and 20.60/43.40 (Sch-Chem/Sch-Bio) and 12.80/24.70 (Aka-Chem/Aka-Bio) in GpII. Adsorption capacities would gradually increase as Cr(III) concentrations increased within 0−40 mg/L, and could be markedly affected by the SO42- and H2PO4- anions. There were stable adsorption capacities at about pH 3.7, and then increased at pH 3.7–4.1. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic interaction and surface complexation. In addition, three optimal bio-/chem-schwertmannite and lepidocrocite adsorbents had good reusable properties and treating abilities of Cr(III)-polluted waters at pH 4.0. These results could provide a theoretical basis for the application of iron oxyhydroxides in removing Cr(III) from acid wastewaters.
LncRNA PVT1 as a Novel Biomarker for Diabetes-related
Complications
Authors: Qiu Xinyan , Chen Jinlan , Yang Jingjie , Hu Jiahui , Fan Peng , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Diabetes is now afflicting an expanding population, and it has become a major
source of concern for human health. Diabetes affects several organs and causes chronic
damage and dysfunction. It is one of the three major diseases that are harmful to human
health. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 is a member of long non-coding RNA.
PVT1 expression profile abnormalities have been reported in diabetes mellitus and its
consequences in recent years, suggesting that it may contribute to the disease's progression.
Relevant literature from the authoritative database “PubMed” are retrieved and summarized
in detail. Mounting evidence reveals that PVT1 has multiple functions. Through
sponge miRNA, it can participate in a wide variety of signal pathways and regulate the
expression of a target gene. More importantly, PVT1 is crucially implicated in the regulation
of apoptosis, inflammation, and so on in different types of diabetes-related complications.
PVT1 regulates the occurrence and progression of diabetes-related diseases. Collectively,
PVT1 has the potential to be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic target for diabetes
and its consequences.
Apolipoprotein A-1 as a Potential Biomarker for Solid Tumors: A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aalami Amir Hossein , Aalami Farnoosh , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The diagnostic value of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) as a marker
of different malignancies has been reported in several investigations; however, the results
have been contradictory. The current meta-analysis examined the association between
ApoA-I levels and human malignancies.

Methods:
We reviewed the databases and retrieved papers for analysis until November
1st, 2021. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to construct the pooled diagnostic
parameters. To find the causes of heterogeneity, we utilized Spearman threshold effect
analysis and subgroup analysis. The I2 and Chi-square tests were used to examine the
heterogeneity. Moreover, subgroup analyses were performed based on sample type
(serum/urine) and geographical region of study. Finally, publication bias was explored using
Begg's and Egger’s tests.

Results:
A total of 11 articles involving 4,121 participants (2,430 cases and 1,691 controls)
were included. The overall pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR),
negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the
curve (AUC) were 0.764 (95% CI: 0.746 - 0.781), 0.795 (95% CI: 0.775 - 0.814), 5.105
(95% CI: 3.313 - 7.865), 0.251 (95% CI: 0.174 - 0.364), 24.61 (95% CI: 12.22 - 49.54),
and 0.93, respectively. In subgroup analyses, better diagnostic values were found for
urine samples and East Asian Countries (China, Korea, and Taiwan).

Conclusion:
Urinary ApoA-I levels may serve as a favorable diagnostic marker for cancer.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy Treatment: The MTOR Regulatory
Intervention
Authors: Lashgari Naser-Aldin , Roudsari Nazanin Momeni , Shayan Maryam , Eshraghi Sadaf , Momtaz Saeideh , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Abdolghaffari Amir Hossein , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a hereditary disorder affecting neurons and
muscles, resulting in muscle weakness and atrophy. Most SMA cases are diagnosed during
infancy or early childhood, the most common inherited cause of infant mortality without
treatment. Still, SMA might appear at older ages with milder symptoms. SMA patients
demonstrate progressive muscle waste, movement problems, tremors, dysphagia,
bone and joint deformations, and breathing difficulties. The mammalian target of rapamycin
(mTOR), the mechanistic target of rapamycin, is a member of the phosphatidylinositol
3-kinase-related kinase family of protein kinases encoded by the mTOR gene in
humans. The mTOR phosphorylation, deregulation, and autophagy have shown dissimilarity
amongst SMA cell types. Therefore, exploring the underlying molecular process in
SMA therapy could provide novel insights and pave the way for finding new treatment
options. This paper provides new insight into the possible modulatory effect of mTOR/
autophagy in SMA management.
Probiotics, as Adjuvant Therapy and Preventive Measure on Progression,
and Complications of Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Galeana-Patiño Carlos Enrique , Ortiz Mario Isidoro , Cariño-Cortés Raquel , López-Santillán Iris Cristina , Castro-Rosas Javier , Gómez-Aldapa Carlos Alberto , Muñoz-Pérez Víctor Manuel 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Preclinical and clinical evidence implies that destructive therapies in local
and malignant tissue are frequently used on patients with head and neck cancer. Consequently, the
microbiome of the treated and adjacent regions is affected. Disruption of the normal microbiome
plays an important role not only in the disease progression but also in its emergence, therefore new
therapies involving probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have been developed to control or regulate
this microbial disruption.

Objective:
This review aims to describe the current and potential uses of probiotics at different
stages of development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, as an adjuvant therapy to prevent
common complications such as radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) and its role in other
areas.

Methods:
Currently, there is no widely effective strategy to treat or prevent this kind of cancer.
Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the three main treatments for head and neck
cancer. Some therapies can also cause long-term health problems, or complications which might
change the way you eat, talk, hear and breathe.

Results:
The main uses for which probiotics have been studied are: Prevention and reduction of
severity of RIOM, change in dental plaque to reduce dysbiosis, and reduction of complications in
post-operated patients. Potential uses of probiotics include the reduction of disease initiation and
progression by reducing local inflammation caused by bacteria and other organisms.

Conclusion:
The incidence and severity of RIOM may be lessened by probiotics. To establish its
uses in additional clinical settings, though, more studies are necessary.
Transarterial Chemoembolization Followed by Hepatic Arterial Infusion
Chemotherapy Combined a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Treatment of
Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Bin , Dai Haitao , Yang Jianyong , Zhang Guiyuan , Wen Chunyong , Xiang Xianhong , Lin Run , Huang Yonghui 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
Evaluate the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)
sequential with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) and a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)
for unresectable large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:
Patients with HCC size > 70 mm were included. They received 1-3 cycles of TACE and
sequential HAIC every 3-6 weeks for 2-6 cycles, with each cycle given over a period of 48 hours
(oxaliplatin plus fluorouracil/leucovorin). Patients also received sorafenib or lenvatinib beginning at
the first TACE cycle and continuing until disease progression. Objective response rate (ORR) at 3
months was the primary endpoint. Progression-free survival (PFS) and safety were the secondary
endpoints.

Results:
From January 2020 to December 2020, 41 patients were included, who were divided into
the drug-eluting bead TACE (DEB-TACE) group (n=13) and conventional TACE (cTACE) group
(n=28). The overall ORR was 56.1% (23/41) using mRECIST criteria and 34.1% (14/41) using RECIST1.1
criteria. The median PFS of the cohort was 8 months. The ORR of the DEB-TACE group
was 76.9% (10/13) vs. 46.4% (13/28) for the cTACE group (p = 0.06). The median PFS of the DEBTACE
group was 12 months, and 6 months in the cTACE group (p = 0.09). Conversion hepatectomy
was performed in 2 patients in the DEB-TACE group (15.4%), and in 3 patients in the cTACE
group (10.7%). ALT/AST elevated, hypertension, nausea, and vomiting were the common treatment
related adverse events. There was no treatment related death.

Conclusion:
TACE sequential with HAIC combined a TKI is a well-tolerated and promising tripletherapy
for large, unresectable HCC.