bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manajemen asrama dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan santri tingkat MTs di Pesantren Al Kausar
Authors: Upang Upang , Alim Akhmad , Tamam Abas Mansur 
Published: January 2023

<p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><em>This study aims to find out how the management of the dormitory in improving the discipline of students at the MTs level at the Al Kausar Islamic Boarding School, Sukabumi Regency. The research method used is a descriptive method using a qualitative approach. The techniques used in data collection are interviews, observation, and documentation studies. Data analysis was carried out by coding data, categorizing and interpreting data. The results of this study indicate that the management of the hostel with the aim of increasing student discipline carried out at the Al Kausar Islamic boarding school can be carried out well, this cannot be separated from the management elements, namely; planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring. Other findings in this study indicate that at the Al Kausar Islamic boarding school there are several supporting programs to realize the disciplined character of students, including; special programs for moral formation, habituation of worship, discipline programs, and fostering guardians of dormitories. In addition to the boarding program, the Al Kausar Islamic Boarding School also applies several elements in order to encourage the acceleration of the growth of santri discipline, these elements are; regulations, giving punishments and rewards for outstanding students.</em></p><p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><strong>Abstrak </strong> </p><p class="22aIsiParagraf">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen asrama dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan santri tingkat MTs di Pesantren Al Kausar Kabupaten Sukabumi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan <em>coding</em> data, kategorisasi dan interpretasi data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa manajemen asrama dengan tujuan peningkatan kedisiplinan santri yang dilaksanakan di pesantren Al Kausar dapat terlaksana dengan baik, hal ini tidak terlepas dari unsur-unsur manajemen yaitu; perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan. Adapun temuan lain dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di pesantren Al Kausar ini terdapat beberapa program penunjang untuk mewujudkan karakter kedisiplinan santri, diantaranya; program khusus pembentukan akhlak, pembiasaan ibadah, program kedisiplinan, dan pembinaan wali asrama. Selain perogram keasramaan, pesantren Al Kausar juga memberlakukan beberapa unsur dalam rangka mendorong percepatan tumbuhnya kedisiplinan santri, unsur-unsur tersebut adalah; peraturan, pemberian hukuman dan <em>reward </em>bagi santri berprestasi.</p>
Permasalahan dan Pemeriksaan Actinobacillus
Authors: Ningsih Ika , Wiranto Edy 
Published: January 2023

Actinobacillus termasuk bakteri oportunistik dan merupakan flora komensal dalam tubuh inang. Pada kondisi normal tidak menyebabkan penyakit dan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri ini terutama dipicu oleh invasi bakteri komensal inang atau bakteri dari lingkungan masuk ke jaringan tubuh inang. Sebagian besar spesies Actinobacillus ditemukan secara khas sebagai komensal pada saluran pernapasan, pencernaan dan genital dari beberapa spesies hewan maupun manusia. Bakteri ini bersifat bakteri Gram negatif yang berbentuk basil, tidak bergerak, tidak membentuk endospora, bersifat anaerobik fakultatif atau mikroaerofilik serta mampu memfermentasikan karbohidrat, mereduksi citrat, urease positif. Sebagian besar spesies Actinobacillus tumbuh lambat pada media perbenihan agar darah dan agar coklat. Oleh karena prevalensi dan virulensinya tidak setinggi bakteri oportunistik lainnya mengakibatkan jarang ditemukan kasus infeksi Actinobacillus dan kasusnya pada manusia tidak banyak dilaporkan. Oleh karena itu pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk menunjang diagnosis pasti infeksi oleh Actinobacillus sangat diperlukan. Pemeriksaan mikrobiologi antara lain dilakukan dengan uji mikroskopik, biakan, identifikasi biokimia, kepekaan terhadap antibiotik, uji molekuler seperti PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) dan hibridisasi DNA.
A new species of Nesolynx Ashmead, 1905 (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) parasitizing potter wasp, Delta pyriforme (Fabricius, 1775) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in its nest from southern India
Authors: James Ritty V. , Binoy C. , Santhosh S. 
Published: January 2023

Nesolynx deltaphagus sp. nov. parasitizing the potter wasp species Delta pyriforme (Fab.) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) is newly described with illustrations from Kerala, India. This is the first report of parasitism of Nesolynx on Vespidae. A key for the Indian species of Nesolynx is provided along with the diagnosis of the new species with congeners. DNA barcode of the new species using universal primers of CO1 is also provided against accession number (Accession No: OK484482).
OSMANLI BASININDA SORUŞTURULMUŞ İKİ KADIN HİKÂYESİ: “OSMANLI KADINLARI” VE “KADIN ZİHNİYETİ”
Authors: KANAT Vedat , ÖZÇELİK KANAT Şeyda 
Published: January 2023

Osmanlı Devleti’nde XIX. yüzyıl, toplumun her kesimine kendini ifade etme ortamı sunmuştur. Bu yüzyılda görülen Tanzimat ve Meşrutiyet Dönemi’nde insan ve toplum hayatının medeniyet formunda iyileştirmesine hız verilmiştir. Modernleşme adımlarıyla birlikte yalnızca siyasi aktörlerin ön plana çıktığı bir toplum algısı yerine sıradan insanın ve günlük olayların da konu olabileceği bir saha oluşmuştur. Bu sahanın gelişmesindeki başat aktör şüphesiz basın olmuştur. Batılılaşma/modernleşme uygulamalarının anonsörü olan basın; toplumun bütün unsurlarının bilgi yayıcısı olarak görev yapmıştır. Zamanla yazılı ve görsel basın üzerindeki sınırlamalar, Matbuat Nizamnameleri ile belirli standarta bağlanmış ve kimi zaman da anayasal güvence altına alınmıştır. Siyasal iktidara, devlet kurumlarına, tanınmış kişiliklere hakaret etmemek, dini ve örfi kuralları eleştirmemek, hassas ve mahrem konulara dokunmamak, toplumun edep ve ahlakına aykırı yayın yapmama gibi şartları içeren Matbuat Nizamnameleri aynı zamanda herhangi bir yayının sansürlenmesinde referans noktasını oluşturmuştur. Sansürlenen yayınların bir kısmı siyasi konularla ilintiliyken büyük bir kısmı da toplumun ahlaki ve dini değerlerini eleştirdiği gerekçesiyle kısıtlanan yazılardır. Kısıtlanan yazıların içeriğine bakıldığında mahrem görülen kadını ve kadınlık hayatını ilgilendiren pek çok yazıya rastlamak mümkündür. Bu bağlamda çalışma iki farklı zamanda, farklı gazetelerde yayınlanmış ve içerdiği düşünce ve önerileri sebebiyle sansürlenmiş iki kadın hikâyesini içermektedir.
Nitel araştırma yöntemi ve dokuman analizi tekniğiyle hazırlanan bu araştırmanın konusu; 1908 yılında Millet gazetesinde yayınlanmış Tevfik Nadir imzalı “Osmanlı Kadınları” ve 1919 yılında Türkçe İstanbul gazetesinde yayınlanmış “Kadın Zihniyeti” isimli hikâyelerin içeriğini kapsamaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı; Osmanlı Devleti’nin basın hayatında yer alan bu iki kadın hikâyesinin soruşturulma gerekçelerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada; çıkarılan Matbuat Nizamnameleri gereğince adli takibe alınmış ve sansürlenmiş bu iki kadın hikâyesinin ayrıntılarını analiz edilerek, hikâyelerin iktidarı ve dini çevreleri rahatsız eden noktaları açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Connotaciones sobre la vulnerabilidad de la intimidad física del paciente quirúrgico desde la perspectiva de enfermería
Authors: Delgado Lopez Leidy , Cervera Vallejos Mirtha Flor 
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Describir y analizar las connotaciones sobre la vulnerabilidad de la intimidad física del paciente quirúrgico, desde la perspectiva de enfermería. Método: Investigación de tipo cualitativo, con abordaje descriptivo. Los sujetos de estudio lo conformaron 6 profesionales de enfermería de Centro Quirúrgico de un hospital público de Lambayeque, la muestra lograda por saturación tuvo muestreo no probabilístico y por conveniencia. En la recolección de datos se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada con modalidad virtual, validada por juicio de expertos y por estudio piloto. Los datos fueron procesados por análisis de contenido. En el desarrollo de la investigación se tomó en cuenta los principios éticos y criterios de rigor científico. Resultados principales: Se obtuvieron tres categorías: 1) Desnudez corporal ineludible por intervención quirúrgica. 2) Reacciones incómodas por desnudez en acto de preparar zona operatoria y 3) Situaciones de quiebre y correcciones de la vulnerabilidad en la intimidad física. Conclusión: Las enfermeras dilucidaron que las reacciones del paciente quirúrgico al percibir la desnudez de su cuerpo, exterioriza expresiones verbales inoportunas, sentimientos y emociones sumados a temor, nerviosismo e incomodidad, Y señalan que no todos los profesionales que intervienen en la fase intraoperatoria muestran respeto por el cuerpo del paciente y hacen un llamado a evitar este comportamiento.
Rice supply, demand and exportable surplus in India : Present vis-à-vis thirty years ahead
Authors: Mondal Biswajit , Bisen Jaiprakash , Jambhulkar NN , Tripathi Rahul 
Published: January 2023

The study presents a profile of rice in India and classifies different rice producing states based on productivity into high, medium and low yielding states. State wise area, production and yield (APY) data for the year 2018-19 indicates the typical concentration of rice cultivation in the eastern and southern Indian states but lowest yield in eastern states. During 1950-51 to 2018-19, rice production witnesses an average growth of 2.45 per cent per year. The study projects the future demand and supply of rice for the year 2020, 2030, 2040 and 2050 based on historical data on APY; NSSO data on per capita consumption of rice and population forecasts of the United Nations (UN) for India. Projected estimates indicates that Indian rice production may attain about 160 million tonnes by the year 2030 and 259 million tonnes during 2050. Further, the supply-demand differences for future indicates that, India would retain surplus of about 62 million tonnes of rice by the year 2050 after meeting the consumption demand of 1.65 billion population. Further, on the policy issue on dipping rice area in the country, it was also assessed that had the rice area remains the same as in 2018-19, yield level need to be increased by about 1.83 t ha-1 and if rice area decreases by 15 per cent, incremental yield to fed the burgeoning population would be around 2.62 t ha-1 during the year 2050.
تأثير عناصر المناخ في عملية التلوث البيئي (تلوث الهواء)
Authors: م.م. ميلاد جاسم محي الأعرجي  
Published: January 2023

جاءت دراسة البحث بأن للعناصر المناخية أثرأ كبيرأ على تلوث الهواء في مدينة بغداد حيث يختلف تأثير كل عنصر عن الأخر ،ومن خلال أهمية الدراسة لوحظ إن للرياح والعواصف الترابية ودرجة الحرارة والإمطار وغيرها من الاضطرابات الجوية دورا مهما في نشر التلوث الهوائي في منطقة الدراسة، حيث تؤثر الرياح والعواصف الترابية في حركة الدخان والملوثات الجوية الأخرى وينعكس تأثير تلك الملوثات الهوائية على طبيعة التساقط حيث ينتج عنها الإمطار الحمضية والضباب ألدخاني (الضبخان) الذي يؤدي بدورة الى أثار سلبية على البيئة المحلية وبيئة المدن ونلاحظ من خلال الدراسة إن ملوثات الهواء تتركز في المدن أكثر من الريف والمناطق المفتوحة .
ولخصت الدراسة إلى إن التلوث الهوائي في مدينة بغداد يتأثر بشكل كبير بطبيعة العناصر المناخية في نشر الملوثات وتركزها حيث درس الباحث مصادر التلوث في منطقة الدراسة مثل الغازات والسيارات ومحطات الطاقة الكهربائية والمصانع والعواصف الترابية.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Cepat melalui Media Cerita Bergambar Siswa Kelas Rendah MI Darul Ulum Bantaran Probolinggo
Authors: Hayati Nur , Fadilah Yulina 
Published: January 2023

The teacher at MI Darul Ulum in the teaching process is an effort to improve the reading ability of the students especially grade 1 students who have not used learning media used by the teacher at MI Darul Ulum to increase students readinthe media so that students can read fluently. So that the problems that occur in class 1 can be resolved, the researchernprovides a solution for using media in the teaching and learning process, an effort to improve students reading skills. As for the media used is pictorial story media, pictorial story media is visual media because it involves visualization. In using the illustrated story media, the researchers obtained the result of the reading ability of students in grade 1 MI Darul Ulum with 9 students. With an increase in learning mastery and students classical absorption is quite substansial from the two cycles that have been carried out. The indications are students who have completed the pre cycle namely 33%, in cycle I 44%, and 100% in cycle II, namely 20% in the pre cycle, 40% in the first cycle and 100% in the second cycle.
Analisis Ragam Bahasa di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Deviyanti Isra , Usman Usman , Sakaria Sakaria 
Published: January 2023

Analisis Ragam Bahasa di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019)”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk ragam bahasa di masa pandemi Covid-19; (2) mendeskripsikan fungsi ragam bahasa di masa pandemi Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Desain penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyimak dan mencatat ragam bahasa yang terdapat dalam imbauan mengenai pandemi Covid-19. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu imbauan terkait pandemi Covid-19 di media sosial youtube.com. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah pengamatan, simak, dan catat. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bentuk dan fungsi ragam bahasa di masa pandemi Covid-19. Bentuk ragam bahasa di masa pandemi Covid-19, yaitu ragam resmi, ragam usaha, ragam santai, dan ragam akrab. Fungsi ragam bahasa di masa pandemi Covid-19, yaitu fungsi mengelola perbuatan pendengar (direktif), fungsi menunjukan rasa kebersamaan dalam hubungan kemasyarakatan (fatik), fungsi untuk mendiskusikan kejadian di sekitar (referensial), dan fungsi untuk memberikan informasi (informatif)
Nivel de ruido generado en el ejercicio de la practica odontológica
Authors: Veliz Vaca Violeta , Villca Lacunza Ariel Alejandro , Zelaya Sanabria Wilson Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Introducción: El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo, diagnosticar el nivel de ruido generado en la práctica estomatológica a través de la evaluación de los niveles de presión sonora, para plantear soluciones técnicas y organizativas. Metodología: Estudio de diseño descriptivo cuantitativo, de corte transversal, realizado al interior de la clínica odontológica y en exterior de sala de compresoras de aire, de la carrera de Odontología, en una Institución de Educación Superior, ubicada en el Municipio de Cercado — Cochabamba; las medidas se realizaron según la siguiente distribución; Interiores: Planta alta y baja, 11 puntos de medición y en Exteriores 5 PM. Se empleó un equipo técnico sonómetro Digitech QM 1592, con calibración por Pistofono Digitech y ponderación temporal Fast y frecuencia A. El proceso se realizó con base en la norma boliviana NB62006. La graduación del campo fue hecha antes y después de las mediciones. Resultados: los valores obtenidos exceden el límite diurno permitido por la ley 1333 y las recomendaciones dadas por las curvas Noise Criteria Discusión: Trabajos similares concuerdan y determinan resultados que sobrepasan la normativa durante la atención dental académica diaria, las acciones frente a este problema deben estar encaminadas hacia la prevención de la pérdida auditiva inducida por ruidos. Conclusiones: Se debe hacer estudios más específicos e implementar aislamiento acústico en el ambiente de compresores y un acondicionamiento en primer y segundo piso, además de promover y regular el uso de protectores auditivos en estudiantes, docentes y personal administrativo.
Hubungan Suplementasi Zat Besi selama Kehamilan dengan Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah di Indonesia
Authors: Invinita Arga Putri  , Ronoatmodjo Sudarto 
Published: January 2023

Bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang secara signifikan berkaitan dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Salah satu upaya mencegah BBLR melalui suplementasi zat besi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan suplementasi zat besi selama kehamilan terhadap kejadian BBLR di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang. Sumber data penelitian yaitu data sekunder SDKI 2017. Sampel terdiri atas 12.298 wanita berusia 15-49 tahun yang melahirkan bayi dalam 5 tahun terakhir sebelum survei dan memiliki informasi/catatan berat lahir. Variabel yang diteliti terdiri dari BBLR, konsumsi tablet besi, dan kovariat lain (meliputi usia ibu, pendidikan ibu, status ekonomi, area tempat tinggal, paritas, jarak kehamilan, komplikasi kehamilan, kunjungan ANC). Hasil studi berupa proporsi BBLR pada penelitian ini adalah 6,2% dan proporsi ibu yang mengonsumsi tablet besi <90 hari sebesar 46,5%. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan ibu yang mengonsumsi tablet besi <90 hari selama kehamilannya berisiko PR 1,21 (95% CI 1,04 – 1,41) untuk mengalami BBLR setelah dikontrol variabel lain. Variabel lain yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan BBLR adalah komplikasi kehamilan [PR 1,95 (95% CI 1,60 – 2,38)]; dan kunjungan ANC [PR 1,83 (95% CI 1,49 – 2,24)]. Kesimpulan pada studi ini adalah Ibu yang mengonsumsi tablet besi <90 hari selama masa kehamilan berisiko untuk mengalami BBLR 1,21 kali lebih besar dibandingkan ibu yang mengonsumsi tablet besi ?90 hari selama masa kehamilan.
Kata kunci: BBLR; tablet besi; kehamilan.
Pendekatan Etnopedagogi Sebagai MEdia Pelestarian Kearifan Lokal dalam Kegiatan PAsar Budaya UIN KHAS Jember.
Authors: Nila Lailatuz Zahro  , Milati Himatuna  , Erfan Efendi  , Moh Alfi Nasihuddin  , Wilda Holida  , Siti Aisyah  
Published: January 2023

Pasar budaya merupakan kegiatan tahunan yang diadakan oleh salah satu organisasi ekstra kampus yang ada di UIN KHAS Jember yaitu organisasi PMII rayon FTIK. Kegiatan pasar budaya ini merupakan kegiatan dimana para organisasi daerah asal mahasiswa yang ada di UIN KHAS Jember di wadahi untuk menampilkan kebudayaan daerah asalnya. Dalam pelaksanaannya, ada berbagai macam kegiatan yang dilakukan dimulai dari pasar tradisional, tari kontemporer, dan festival carnaval Budaya (pagelaran musik budaya dan fashion carnaval). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pendekatan etnopedagogi sebagai media pelestarian kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif, dan menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus. Sedangkan dalam proses pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.
Le personnage du fantôme et le fantôme du personnage dans Hamlet, acte I, scène 5
Authors: Berger Laurent 
Published: January 2023

Y-a-t-il une spécificité à jouer un personnage de fantôme shakespearien plutôt qu’un personnage de chair et d’os ? À travers une création scénique de la scène 5 de l'Acte I de Hamlet avec trois actrices, nous commençons par creuser cette question en rendant visibles les processus de création et de représentation de l’acteur-spectre et de son fils et en observant comment se construit et évolue l’imaginaire scénique des actrices à partir et en regard des multiples strates de l'écriture shakespearienne. En partant de cette pratique actorale, nous cherchons à décrire comment le matériau que propose Shakespeare à son interprète sédimente en lui et comment s’incarne dans l’acteur une figure désincarnée. Cela nous mènera à une réflexion plus large sur la dimension spectrale de la notion de personnage dramatique qui s’apparente plus à un fantôme qu’à l’être humain avec lequel nous avons coutume de le confondre.
Factors Affecting Psychological Distress in Family Caregivers of Critically Ill Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Blok Amanda C. , Valley Thomas S. , Weston Lauren E. , Miller Jacquelyn , Lipman Kyra , Krein Sarah L. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Family caregivers often experience psychological distress during a critical care hospitalization, potentially compromising their ability to function effectively in a supportive role. A better understanding of the sources of family caregiver distress is needed to inform strategies to mitigate its development and impact.

Objective
To explore sources of family caregiver psychological distress during a critical care hospitalization and how caregivers’ experiences may differ by their anxiety level.

Methods
Forty adult family members of patients receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 72 hours in 2 intensive care units at an academic medical center were interviewed. A qualitative directed content analysis was done. Experiences were compared by anxiety level group, defined using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: anxiety (n = 15), borderline anxiety (n = 11), and low anxiety (n=14).

Results
Most family members (32%) were adult children; no major demographic differences were noted across anxiety groups. Among caregivers in the anxiety group, salient factors included early unknowns around critical illness, health care team processes, care decisions made, financial and housing concerns, family dysfunction, and new responsibilities. In general, low-anxiety family caregivers did not express their concerns using language of distress but rather expressed emotion and disappointment and often took action to process their concerns.

Conclusions
Factors influencing family caregiver distress during the critical care stay were wide-ranging and varied by level of anxiety. The findings highlight several key areas and potential interventions to reduce psychological distress, especially among caregivers with anxiety.
In Vivo Protection Against Syngeneic Gross Virus-Induced Lymphoma in Rats: Comparison with in Vitro Studies of Cell-Mediated Immunity
Authors: Glaser Moshe , Lavrin David H. , Herberman Ronald B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Spleen cells at various times after inoculation of W/Fu rats with a syngeneic Gross virus-induced lymphoma, (C58NT)D, were tested for their in vivo activity in adoptive transfer experiments and for their in vitro reactivity in a 4-hr 51Cr release cytotoxicity assay and in a mixed lymphocyte-tumor cell interaction assay. In adoptive transfer, the best protection against tumor growth was observed with immune spleen cells taken at 30 days after tumor cell inoculation (the peak of reactivity in the mixed lymphocytetumor cell interaction assay) whereas cells taken at 10 days (the peak reactivity in the 51Cr release cytotoxicity assay) gave only partial protection. The protection detected in the adoptive transfer experiments was specific for (C58NT)D associated antigens, and this correlated well with the specificity observed in the in vitro cell-mediated immunity assays. T cells, but not complement receptor-bearing cells or macrophages, were essential for the protection against tumor growth in vivo, and also for the in vitro reactivity in the 51Cr release cytotoxicity and the mixed lymphocytetumor cell interaction assays.
Cholesterol-Dependent Nonimmune Human Complement Activation Resulting in Damage to Liposomes
Authors: Alving Carl R. , Guirguis Adel A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Liposomes containing varying concentrations of cholesterol (CHOL) were prepared in order to investigate the role of CHOL in complement (C)-mediated immune damage. The liposomes were comprised of dipalmitoyllecithin, CHOL, dicetyl phosphate, and either contained or lacked galactocerebroside as antigen. At high concentrations of liposomal CHOL each of the preparations (either containing or lacking galactocerebroside) released trapped glucose spontaneously in C in the absence of antiserum. This did not occur at low concentrations of CHOL. This effect was observed in the presence of human C from 8 of 12 individuals studied, but was not found with guinea pig C. It was eliminated after inactivation of C by a) preheating the serum at 56° for 30 min, b) addition of Mg2EDTA, or c) preabsorbing the serum with immune complexes (egg albuminanti egg albumin). Furthermore, preabsorbing the serum with high CHOL liposomes caused a drop in the hemolytic C titer, whereas low CHOL liposomes did not affect the hemolytic titer.