bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the identity development of PhD graduates transitioning to non‐researcher roles
Authors: Li Huan , Horta Hugo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we explore the identity development of PhD graduates transitioning into non‐researcher roles. Through the conceptual lens of identity‐trajectory theory and based on interviews with 26 PhD graduates from three leading research universities in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, we analyse their identity‐trajectory development after their transition to non‐research employment. The findings show that PhD graduates develop their identity trajectories based on their existing sense of researcher‐self through a variety of practices that involve intellectual, networking and institutional dimensions. Individual agency plays a key role in overcoming structural constraints in the workplace, yet its level varies according to one's willingness to pursue a non‐research career. The findings highlight the fluidity in identity development and the role of the researcher‐self as a positive legacy of doctoral training, including for PhD graduates taking non‐researcher roles.
DEFENDING SPIRIT, SPIRITUALIZING MATTER: NINETEENTH‐CENTURY FRENCH ACADEMIC PHILOSOPHY AND THE MEDICAL SCIENCES
Authors: BIANCO GIUSEPPE 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThis review essay discusses Larry Sommer McGrath's Making Spirit Matter: Neurology, Psychology, and Selfhood in Modern France (2020), a history of the philosophical current known as “spiritualism.” The book covers the long nineteenth century, focusing especially on the first part of the Third Republic (1870–1914), and studies how French academic philosophers confronted the discourses about human cognition and behavior that were produced by physicians—namely, physiologists and pathologists, phrenologists, neurologists, alienists, and psychiatrists. It describes how, while engaged in this confrontation, French philosophy took a peculiar shape, eventually influencing the development of some sciences—namely, psychology, which emerged progressively as a discipline at the crossroads of medicine and philosophy. In the second part of the essay, starting from a terminological analysis of a series of terms dealing with “spirit,” I consider the formation of spiritualism by adopting an approach that diverges slightly from the ones proper to history of philosophy and intellectual history. I inscribe the philosophical discourses in their contexts of emergence, paying particular attention to institutional macrostructures and their inertia. This provides another perspective on “spiritualism,” which may no longer be conceived as a current or a school; rather, it should be conceived as the effect of the conditions of possibility of academic philosophy in France. It seems to me that, starting from the beginning of the nineteenth century, because of the organization of the educational institutions, the French philosophers’ agenda consisted mainly in opposing all forms of materialism, mechanism, and determinism and in defending the legitimacy of their discipline.
Formation mechanism of texture characteristics of pork belly during stewing: focusing on the effects of myofibrillar protein modification
Authors: Wu Zhicheng , Liu Jiamin , Ruan Jinggang , Xu Min , Wang Zhaoming , Zhang Dong 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe effects of stewing at a constant temperature (95 °C) for different times (45 and 90 min) on the physicochemical characteristics of lean meat (LM) and lean meat in pork belly (LMIPB) were investigated. When the stewing time was 90 min, the hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness of LMIPB were 186.35 g, 0.07 (ratio), 0.18 (ratio) and 241.90 g lower than those of LM, respectively. The chemical changes in myofibrillar protein (MP) mainly including the degree of oxidation degradation, such as carbonyl content, cross‐linked polymer and β‐sheet, were increased with prolonged stewing time. The sulfhydryl content, Zeta potential (absolute value) and α‐helix were decreased markedly. The chemical changes of MP in the LMIPB were greater than those in the LM during the stewing process. These results indicated that fat in stewing process could promote the oxidation degradation of MP in meat, and then affected the texture characteristics of meat.
Effectiveness of countermeasure for polypharmacy by multidisciplinary team review in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Nishida Shohei , Kato Takehiro , Hayashi Yuichi , Yamada Shoya , Fujii Hironori , Yamada Michi , Asai Nao , Shimizu Shinya , Niwa Takashi , Iihara Hirotoshi , Kubota Sodai , Sakai Mayu , Takahashi Yoshihiro , Takao Ken , Mizuno Masami , Hirota Takuo , Kobayashi Ryo , Horikawa Yukio , Yabe Daisuke , Suzuki Akio 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionPolypharmacy in diabetes patients is related to worse clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of our countermeasure for polypharmacy, which combines a pharmacist check followed by a multidisciplinary team review in diabetic patients with polypharmacy.MethodsA single‐center, retrospective observational study was conducted at Gifu University Hospital. Study participants included diabetic patients taking six or more drugs on admission to the diabetes ward between July 2021 and June 2022. Drugs which were discontinued by the present countermeasure were examined, and the number of drugs being taken by each patient was compared between admission and discharge.Results102 of 308 patients were taking six or more drugs on admission. The drugs being taken by these patients were evaluated by pharmacists using a checklist for polypharmacy. Eighty‐four drugs which were evaluated as inappropriate or potentially inappropriate medications by pharmacists were discontinued following the multidisciplinary team review. The median and mean number of drugs taken by the 102 patients significantly decreased from 9.0 (IQR: 8–12) and 9.26 ± 2.64 on admission to 9.0 (IQR: 6–10) and 8.42 ± 2.95 on discharge (P = 0.0002). We followed up with these patients after discontinuation of the drugs and confirmed that their clinical status had not deteriorated.ConclusionThe present countermeasure for polypharmacy, which combines a pharmacist check based on a checklist for evaluating polypharmacy followed by a multidisciplinary team review, was useful for reducing the number of inappropriate or potentially inappropriate medications taken by diabetes patients with polypharmacy.
Managing other people's money: An agency theory in financial management industry
Authors: Papadimitriou Dimitris , Tokis Konstantinos , Vichos Georgios , Mourdoukoutas Panos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe build an active asset management model to study the interplay between the career concerns of a manager and prevailing market conditions. We show that fund managers overinvest in market‐neutral strategies, as these have a reputational benefit. This benefit is smaller in bull markets, when investors expect more managers to use high‐beta strategies, making their performance less informative about their ability than in bear markets. Consequently, fund flows that follow high‐beta strategies are less responsive to the fund's performance, and flow‐performance sensitivity is higher in bear markets than in bull markets.
Reactions to peanut at first introduction in infancy are associated with age ≥8 months and severity of eczema
Authors: Verhoeven Dirk H. J. , Herpertz Irene C. E. M. , Hol Jeroen , Klok Ted , Fleuren Suzanne P. M. , Hendriks Tom , Gerth van Wijk Roy , de Groot Hans 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown the efficacy of the early introduction of peanut to prevent peanut allergy. Due to the exclusion of infants with sensitization to peanut, it remains unclear what the optimal timing of introduction is.MethodsThe PeanutNL study was performed in 6 pediatric allergology centers in the Netherlands. Infants referred for the clinical early introduction of peanut to prevent peanut allergy underwent skin prick tests for peanut and an oral peanut challenge at a median age of 6 months.ResultsOne hundred sixty two of 707 infants (23%) who had never eaten peanut before were sensitized to peanut, of which 80 (49%) had wheals of >4 mm. Sixty seven of 707 infants (9.5%) had a positive oral challenge to peanut at first introduction. Multivariate analysis revealed that age (p < .001) and SCORAD eczema severity scores (p = .001) were significant risk factors. Introduction of peanut at ≥8 months in infants with moderate and severe eczema resulted in an increased risk (odds ratio 5.24 (p = .013) and 3.61 (p = .019), respectively) of having reactions to peanut as compared to introduction before 8 months. A family history of peanut allergy and previous reactions to egg were not identified as independent risk factors.ConclusionThese results suggest that peanut should be introduced before the age of 8 months to reduce the risk of reactions at first exposure in infants with moderate and severe eczema. Furthermore, since children with severe eczema have the highest risk of reactions, the clinical introduction of peanut should be considered, at the latest at the age of 7 months.
Intra‐ and interpersonal factors and adolescent wellbeing during COVID‐19 in three countries
Authors: Skinner Ann T. , Kealy Carmen , Ranta Mette , Benner Aprile D. , Menesini Ersilia , Schoon Ingrid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 has altered adolescents' opportunities for developing and strengthening interpersonal skills and proficiencies. Using data from adolescents in Italy, the United States, and the United Kingdom, we examined the relation between internalizing symptoms assessed pre‐pandemic or when pandemic‐related restrictions were lifted (Time 1) and associated internalizing symptoms during a subsequent restrictive pandemic period (Time 2). Across all 3 countries, we found significant and consistent effect sizes in the relation between Time 1 and Time 2 internalizing symptoms. We further examined the direct and moderating impact of self‐efficacy and contextual supports for adolescents' internalizing symptoms. Higher self‐efficacy was associated with lower levels of internalizing symptoms at Time 2 in all 3 countries. Additionally, the relation between Time 1 and 2 internalizing symptoms was buffered by regulatory self‐efficacy and peer support in Italy, but in the U.S., higher levels of general self‐efficacy instead had an exacerbating effect on the relation between Times 1 and 2 internalizing symptoms. Results are discussed in the context of utilizing cross‐national datasets to examine similarities in adolescent well‐being over time and in the face of varying government responses to the pandemic.
The long term relationship between childhood Medicaid expansions and severe chronic conditions in adulthood
Authors: Brady David , Gao Manjing , Guerra Christian , Kohler Ulrich , Link Bruce 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe test whether the expansions of children's Medicaid eligibility in the 1980s–1990s resulted in long‐term health benefits in terms of severe chronic conditions. Still relatively rare in the field, we use prospective individual‐level panel data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) along with the higher quality income measures from the Cross‐National Equivalent File (adjusting for taxes, transfers and household size). We observe severe chronic conditions (high blood pressure/heart disease, cancer, diabetes, or lung disease) at ages 30–56 (average age 43.1) for 4670 respondents who were also prospectively observed during childhood (i.e., at ages 0–17). Our analysis exploits within‐region temporal variation in childhood Medicaid eligibility and adjusts for state‐ and individual‐level controls. We uniquely concentrate attention on adjusting for childhood income. A standard deviation greater childhood Medicaid eligibility significantly reduces the probability of severe chronic conditions in adulthood by 0.05 to 0.12 (16%–37.5% reduction from mean 0.32). Across the range of observed childhood Medicaid eligibility, the probability is approximately cut in half. Greater childhood Medicaid eligibility also substantially reduces childhood income disparities in severe chronic conditions. At higher levels of childhood Medicaid eligibility, we find no significant childhood income disparities in adult severe chronic conditions.
How do we…consistently provide high‐dose granulocyte products for transfusions in neutropenic patients?
Authors: Bubar Robert , Kiss Joseph E. , Triulzi Darrell J. , D'Andrea Pam , Zilich Ashley , Kaplan Alesia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe therapeutic use of granulocyte transfusions for the treatment of infections in immunocompromised patients has been a controversial practice. Randomized controlled trials suggest that benefit may be provided when a high‐dose product, defined as providing a dose of at least 0.6 × 109/kg, is offered. Here we describe the collection process and granulocyte product yield over a four‐year period at a donation center supplying a large, tertiary academic medical center.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed for apheresis granulocyte donations collected between 2018 and 2021 following implementation of combined G‐CSF and dexamethasone donor stimulation at our institution. Data collected includes donor demographics, G‐CSF administration timeline, pre‐collection cell counts, product yields, donor adverse events, and post‐transfusion ANC increments.ResultsA total of 269 granulocyte units were collected from 184 unique donors. The median neutrophil yield (ANC) following G‐CSF implementation was 7.5 × 1010/unit. The proportion of granulocyte products meeting or exceeding a yield of 4.0 × 1010 per unit was 96.5%. These products resulted in measurable median ANC increment of 550/μL in transfused adult patients (n = 166 transfusions).DiscussionIn order to properly assess the effectiveness of granulocyte transfusions in patients, it is necessary to ensure that the products being transfused contain an adequate granulocyte dose. This study demonstrates that the combination of G‐CSF and dexamethasone donor stimulation, followed by apheresis granulocyte collection, is safe and can reliably yield a high‐dose product. Consistent production of high‐dose units allows for better assessment of patient outcomes by reducing dosage variability.
Therapeutic efficacy of isavuconazole and potassium iodide in a cat with refractory sporotrichosis
Authors: Roldán Villalobos Wendie , Monti Fabiana , Ferreira Tássia , Sato Sabrina , Telles Flávio , Farias Marconi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA seven‐month‐old, male, domestic short‐hair cat was presented with nodular and ulcerative lesions, as well as respiratory signs, caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis infection. Owing to lack of response to oral itraconazole and potassium iodide, isavuconazole was substituted for itraconazole, leading to clinical cure after three months of treatment without adverse effects.
An Analytical Solution to Predict Temperatures of Dumbbell-Shaped Rubber Specimens Under Cyclic Deformation
Authors: Ma Shaosen , Guo Yunting , Liu Wei Victor 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study is to propose an analytical solution that can predict the temperatures of dumbbell-shaped rubber specimens under cyclic deformation. Initially, a new mathematical equation was formulated by modifying the Mooney–Rivlin strain energy function, using the pseudo-elasticity theory and the inverse analysis method. This equation was utilized to calculate the internal heat generation rates of rubber compounds. With heat generation rates, the governing equation of heat conduction and the mathematical expression of boundary conditions were created to describe the heat transfer that occurs within the rubber compounds. By having these equations, a novel analytical solution was developed—the RTDS solution (a solution to predict Rubber Temperatures in Dumbbell-shaped Specimens). This RTDS solution was used to predict rubber temperatures in dumbbell-shaped specimens under cyclic deformation. The results showed that the RTDS solution took 11.9 s to derive the rubber temperature results with an average mean absolute percent error (MAPE) of 9.2% compared with lab recordings. The RTDS solution identified a logarithmic increase in rubber temperatures at rising strain levels, and it also identified an increase in rubber temperatures with the rising strain rates. According to the RTDS solution, there was an inverse correlation between the increases in rubber temperature and the ambient temperatures.
Body Force Modeling of the Fan Stage of a Windmilling Turbofan
Authors: Lagha Massyl , Dufour Guillaume 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe determination of the rotational speed and massflow of the fan of a turbofan at windmill is critical in the design of the engine-supporting structure and the sizing of the vertical stabilizer. Given the very high bypass ratio obtained at windmill, the flow in the fan stage and bypass duct is of prime interest. Classical computational fluid dynamics simulations have been shown to predict such flows accurately, but extensive parametric studies can be needed, stressing the need for reduced-cost modeling of the flow in the engine. A body force modeling (BFM) approach for windmilling simulations is examined in the present contribution. The BFM approach replaces turbomachinery rows by source terms, reducing the computational cost (here by a factor 6). A shaft model is coupled to the BFM source terms, to drive the simulation to a power balance of the low-pressure shaft. The overall approach is thus self-contained and can predict both the massflow and the rotational speed in the windmilling regime. Comparisons with engine experimental results show the proposed model can predict the rotational speed within 7%, and the massflow within 5%. Local analysis and comparisons with experimental data and reference blade calculations show that the work exchange, in term of total temperature variation, is predicted within 0.5 K, and the overall total pressure ratio within 1%. However, the losses in the stator are largely underestimated, which explains the discrepancy for the massflow predictions.
Integrated application of transcriptomics and metabolomics provides insights into acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp
Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Sun Mingzhe , Yu Yang , Li Shihao , Liu Yuan , Zhang Xiaojun , Li Fuhua 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has caused a huge economic loss to shrimp aquaculture.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
(Vp
AHPND
) is regarded as a major causative agent of AHPND in the Pacific white shrimp
Litopenaeus vannamei
. However, knowledge about how shrimp resist to AHPND is very limited. In order to learn the molecular mechanisms underlying AHPND resistance of shrimp, comparison between disease-resistant family and susceptible family of
L. vannamei
were performed at transcriptional and metabolic levels. Integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics on hepatopancreas of shrimp, the target tissue of Vp
AHPND
, showed that significant differences existed between resistant family and susceptible family of shrimp. The susceptible family showed higher level of glycolysis, serine-glycine metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism, but lower level of betaine-homocysteine metabolism in the hepatopancreas in comparison with the resistant family without Vp
AHPND
infection. Curiously, Vp
AHPND
infection induced up-regulation of glycolysis, serine-glycine metabolism, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and pentose phosphate pathway, and down-regulation of betaine-homocysteine metabolism in resistant family. In addition, arachidonic acid metabolism and some immune pathways, like NF-κB and cAMP pathways, were up-regulated in the resistant family after Vp
AHPND
infection. In contrast, amino acid catabolism boosted via PEPCK-mediated TCA cycle flux was activated in the susceptible family after Vp
AHPND
infection. These differences in transcriptome and metabolome between resistant family and susceptible family might contribute to the resistance of shrimp to bacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Vibrio parahaemolyticus
(Vp
AHPND
) is a major aquatic pathogen causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and leads to a huge economic loss to shrimp aquaculture. Despite the recent development of controlling culture environment, disease resistant broodstock breeding is still a sustainable approach for aquatic disease control. Metabolic changes occurred during Vp
AHPND
infection, but knowledge about the metabolism in resistance to AHPND is very limited. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome revealed the basal metabolic differences exhibited between disease-resistant and susceptible shrimp. Amino acid catabolism might contribute to the pathogenesis of Vp
AHPND
and arachidonic acid metabolism might be responsible for the resistance phenotype. This study will help to enlighten the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying shrimp resistance to AHPND. Also, the key genes and metabolites of amino acid and arachidonic acid pathway identified in this study will be applied for disease resistance improvement in the shrimp culture industry.
Neurodevelopment and healthcare utilisation at age 5–6 years in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: an EPIPAGE-2 cohort study
Authors: Tréluyer Ludovic , Nuytten Alexandra , Guellec Isabelle , Jarreau Pierre-Henri , Benhammou Valérie , Cambonie Gilles , Truffert Patrick , Marchand-Martin Laetitia , Ancel Pierre Yves , Torchin Héloïse 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to study neurodevelopmental outcomes and healthcare utilisation at age 5–6 years in very preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).DesignProspective and national population-based study.SettingAll the neonatal units in 25 French regions (21 of the 22 metropolitan regions and 4 overseas regions).PatientsChildren born before 32 weeks’ gestation in 2011.InterventionsBlind, comprehensive and standardised assessment by trained neuropsychologists and paediatricians at age 5–6 years.Main outcome measuresOverall neurodevelopmental disabilities, behavioural difficulties, developmental coordination disorders, full-scale IQ, cerebral palsy, social interaction disorders, rehospitalisation in the previous 12 months and detailed developmental support.ResultsOf the 3186 children included, 413 (11.7%) had BPD. The median gestational age of children with BPD was 27 weeks (IQR 26.0–28.0) and without BPD was 30 weeks (28.0–31.0). At age 5–6 years, 3150 children were alive; 1914 (60.8%) had a complete assessment. BPD was strongly associated with mild, moderate and severe overall neurodevelopmental disabilities (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.20; 2.20, 1.41 to 3.42 and 2.71, 1.67 to 4.40). BPD was associated with developmental coordination disorders, behavioural difficulties, lower IQ score as well as rehospitalisation in the last 12 months and developmental support. The association between BPD and cerebral palsy was statistically significant before adjustment but not in adjusted analyses.ConclusionsBPD was strongly and independently associated with many neurodevelopmental disabilities. Improving medical and neurodevelopmental management of BPD in very preterm children should be a priority to reduce its long-term consequences.