bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in HELLP Syndrome
Authors: Li Wei , Kang Suya , Zhou Li Ping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3) in HELLP syndrome and its possible role in the pathogenesis of this disease.Methods 1) 87 subjects were enrolled, including 29 patients with HELLP syndrome, 29 patients with simple pre-eclampsia(PE), and 29 healthy gravidae as control. The expression of IGFBP-3, IGF-1, TGF-β1, and VEGF in maternal and umbilical blood of them were detected using ELISA. Correlation analysis was used to observe the correlation between IGFBP-3 and IGF-1/TGF-β1/VEGF in maternal andumbilical blood, as well as that between maternal serum IGFBP-3 and clinical diagnostic indicators of HELLP syndrome. 2)Human hepatic sinusoid endothelial cells (HLSEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured with different concentrations of IGFBP-3. After 72 hours of culture, cell apoptosis and the normal living cells rate were detected and compared.Results 1)In both maternal and umbilical blood of HELLP group, levels of IGFBP-3 and TGF-β1 were higher than control and PE group, IGF-1was lower than control group, VEGF was lower than control and PE group.IGFBP-3 in maternal blood was correlated with IGF-1/TGF-β1/ VEGF, while IGFBP-3 inumbilical blood was linked to IGF-1/TGF-β1.In maternal blood, there was a negative correlation between PLT and IGFBP-3, and a positive correlation between ALT/AST/LDH and IGFBP-3. 2) After cultured with IGFBP-3, the total apoptosis rate of either HLSEC or HUVEC was considerablyelevated, while the normal living rate was decreased.Conclusion The expression of IGFBP-3 is elevated in HELLP syndrome, which may subsequently promote cell apoptosis by affecting the expression and function of IGF-1, VEGF, and TGFβ1 in the IGF/PI3K/Akt, TGF-β1/Smad3, and VEGF/eNOS/NO pathways.IGFBP-3aggravates inflammatory reactions of the vascular endothelium and liver under hypoxia, affects the normal function of cells, and plays a role in the pathogenesis of diseases.
Mental Health Problems and Coping Strategies of Medical Interns in Clinical Teaching Base During Epidemic Period - Data from China
Authors: Wan Jing , QI Mengsha , Liu Shuyun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has dealt a heavy blow to the mental health of tens of millions of people, with nearly 1 billion people living with a mental disorder worldwide and one person dying every 40 seconds from suicide [1]. On 5 May 2023, WHO declared the end of the global health emergency, but globally, more than 2.6 million new cases and more than 17 000 deaths have been reported in the past 28 days (10 April to 7 May 2023) [2]. There are new coronavirus positive cases around us from time to time, and many people are anxious about this. It shows that COVID-19 remains a global health threat. Therefore, we should pay attention to the mental health problems caused by the epidemic, especially the social vulnerable population who are in the front line of fighting the epidemic but have relatively weak self-prevention ability [3] -- medical interns. It's necessary to investigate their mental health status and explore coping strategies.
Methods
We administered the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) to assess somatization symptoms and coping styles, respectively, and compared results to national norms for Chinese youth.
Results
The scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, terror, paranoia and psychosis of the interns were higher than those of the national youth group norm. The scores of somatization and phobia in female students were higher than those in male students, and the scores of each factor in undergraduate students were higher than those in college students, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The score of negative coping style was positively correlated with the total score of negative factors of mental health (somatization, compulsion, depression, anxiety) (β=-0.569, P < 0.05). Positive coping style was negatively correlated (β = 0.899, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
During the epidemic period, the mental health level of interns in the base is lower than that of the national youth norm, and female and undergraduate interns are more serious. Positive coping style can reduce their mental health problems.
Getting a new shell, from whom? Free association in agonistic interactions can result in unexpected outcomes in hermit crabs
Authors: Burciaga Luis M. , Alcaraz Guillermina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Animals often engage in contests over limited resources. The probability of winning a contest is primarily determined by the individual's fighting ability relative to its opponent and the perceived value of the disputed resource. The hermit crab Calcinus californiensis is frequently found fighting for gastropod shells. We conducted a free-choice experiment to assess the factors that determine the choice of opponent, contest initiation, and contest resolution. We placed hermit crabs occupying two shell species into a large container and monitored agonistic interactions between crabs. We assessed the asymmetries in fighting ability based on the differences in body mass between the opponents. The shell species and fit (i.e., shell size relative to crab body size) were used as measures of the objective and subjective resource value, respectively. Motivation influenced contest initiation; the crabs occupying too-tight shells were more likely to initiate a contest than the ones in looser-fitting shells. In most cases, the attackers fought for a shell with a looser fit, even if that meant losing a tighterfitting shell of the preferred shell species. The fighting success for attackers was positively associated with the number of bouts of rapping and the shell size improvement. However, success was negatively correlated with body size asymmetry; attackers that chose opponents larger than themselves were more likely to evict their opponent than the attackers that chose opponents that were smaller. Experimental designs allowing animals to select their own opponents, rather than assigning specific opponents, can strongly contribute to increase knowledge of agonistic interactions.
Measuring gas discharge in contact electrification
Authors: Tao Hongcheng , Gibert James 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Contact electrification in a gas medium is usually followed by partial surface charge dissipation caused by gas breakdown triggered during separation. It is widely assumed that such discharge obeys the classical Paschen’s law, which describes the general dependence of breakdown voltage on the product of gas pressure and gap distance. However, quantification of this relationship in contact electrification involving insulators is impeded by challenges in nondestructive in situ measurement of the gap voltage. The present work proposes and implements an electrode-free strategy for capturing discrete discharge events by monitoring the gap voltage via Coulomb force, providing experimental evidence for a Paschen-type behavior for nitrogen breakdown between a silicone-acrylic contact pair. The method offers an alternative approach for characterizing either the ionization energies of gases or the secondary-electron-emission properties of surfaces without the requirement of an external voltage source, which can potentially benefit applications ranging from the design of insulative materials to the development of triboelectric sensors and generators.
The polyketide to fatty acid transition in the evolution of animal lipid metabolism
Authors: Lin Zhenjian , Li Feng , Krug Patrick , Schmidt Eric 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Lipids are crucial to all life, but the biochemical origins of many animal lipids remain unclear. We unveil a previously uncharacterized class of enzymes that is widely occurring in animals, and responsible for producing elaborate lipid- and polyketide-like compounds. These enzymes, the animal FAS-like PKSs (AFPKs), share a common ancestor with the animal fatty acid synthase, which produces the fats needed for animal survival, providing a plausible evolutionary bridge between the drug-like polyketides and the fatty acids. Vertebrates lack AFPKs, but excepting the placental mammals contain PKSs. In contrast, molluscs and arthropods contain abundant AFPKs, correlated with their rich polyketide chemistry. Molluscan AFPKs are associated with a lack of other defenses, consistent with the hypothesis that AFPKs provide a chemical defense for some lineages. By contrast, shelled molluscs (physically defended) generally contain PKSs instead. Arthropods have few PKSs, likely originating in parasites or recent horizontal gene transfer, but their abundant AFPKs potentially contributed to their ecological and evolutionary success. Although animal metabolism is well studied, surprising new metabolic enzyme classes still await discovery and may be unrecognized drivers of hyperdiverse animal radiations including gastropods, beetles and spiders.
Hybrid quantum search with genetic algorithm optimization
Authors: Udrescu Mihai , Ardelean Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Quantum Genetic Algorithms (QGAs) integrate genetic programming and quantum computing to address search and optimization problems. Most QGA approaches add quantum features to genetic algorithm operators, such as selection, crossover, or mutation. Oppositely, the Reduced Quantum Genetic Algorithm (RQGA) is a fully quantum algorithm that encodes the entire search space (i.e., population) as a superposition of all possible solutions (chromosomes) using the individuals’ quantum register; the fitness function takes the individuals’ quantum register as input to generate corresponding fitness values within the chromosomes’ superposition. RQGA finds the best fitness value and its corresponding chromosome (i.e., the solution or one of the solutions) using Grover’s algorithm. The complexity of Grover’s algorithm is O(2N⁄2), where N is the number of superposed individual chromosomes. However, RQGA operates on an exponentially-big search space (N = 2n, where n is the number of qubits in the individuals’ quantum register), which entails an exponential runtime of O(2n⁄2). This paper introduces an optimization solution for RQGA that controls the algorithm complexity by selecting a limited number of qubits in the individuals’ register and fixing the remaining ones as classical values of ’0’ and ’1’ with a genetic algorithm. We also improve the performance of the RQGA by discarding unfit solutions and bounding the search only in the valid individuals’ area. Putting it all together, we introduce a novel quantum genetic algorithm—Hybrid Quantum Algorithm with Genetic Optimization (HQAGO)—that solves search problems in O(2(n-k)⁄2) oracle queries, where k is the number of fixed classical bits in the individuals’ register. We illustrate instantiations of HQAGO that solve the NP-hard knapsack and graph coloring problems, analyze the complexity of the new algorithm, and study the convergence of its heuristic part.
Susceptibility Status of Principal Malaria Vectors to Insecticides Commonly Used for Malaria Control in Africa: Meta-analysis and Systemic review
Authors: Minwuyelet Awoke , Yewhalaw Delenasaw , Sciarretta Andrea , Atenafu Getnet 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Malaria is a major public health problem in the African region. Nearly the last one century, various types of insecticides have been used to reduce malaria transmission and vector control. However, the effectiveness of insecticides decreases periodically. This study aimed to assess the susceptibility status of major malaria vectors to insecticides commonly used to control malaria in Africa.
Methods: We used the public database: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Pro-Quest to access relevant articles published between 2002 and 2021. Primary articles were searched using keywords such as "Susceptibility status", "insecticide resistance", "malaria vector", "Africa", and "Anopheles". The search was conducted from September 25th to October 15th, 2022. The review included primary articles published in English from 2002 to 2021 and articles with all the required information. Data were extracted from the included article texts, tables, figures, and supplementary files. The validity of all included articles was checked prior to inclusion by critical evaluation using standardized means. Finally, the results of the original article were presented in tables, graphs, and maps.
Results: Fifty related articles were retrieved and extracted from the 1742 accessed articles. Of these, most articles showed resistance of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato(sl) and An.funestus to organochlorines: DDT (4%), cyclodins: dieldrin (4%), pyrethroids:lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%), cyfluthrin (0.15%), permethrin (0.75%), carbamate: deltamethrin (0.05%) and propoxur (0.1%), across Africa. These insecticides also showed knockdown resistance to malaria vectors prevalent in Africa. However, the resistance of these malaria vectors varied in different parts of the continent and in different countries. Between 2010 and 2015, Africa recorded the highest resistance to insecticides. In recent years, organophosphates have received considerable attention as candidate chemicals for residual spray in malaria control programs.
Conclusions: An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus has been developed resistant to three classes of pesticides (pyrethroids, carbamates, and organochlorines). To prevent and manage malaria vectors in Africa, only organophosphate groups, particularly pirimiphos methyl 0.25% and a neonicotinoid like clothianidin, are advised. In addition, it is urgently necessary to scale up insecticide use, introduce new insecticides, and use additional biological control strategies.
Analysis of the Influencing Factors and Mortality of Early Initiation of Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock Running title:Influencing Factors of Early Initiation of MCS
Authors: Zhang Ning , Liu Wenxian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

ObjectiveThis retrospective study analyzes the influencing factors of early initiation of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock (AMICS), and compare the mortality rates of various types of mechanical circulatory and different initiation time.MethodsFrom January 2018 to January 2023, 380 AMICS patients hospitalized at Anzhen Hospital meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this retrospective study. Early initiation of MCS was defined as the commencement of mechanical circulatory support before emergency PCI. According to the time of starting MCS, the participants were divided into the pre-emergency PCI MCS implantation group (161 cases) and the post-emergency PCI MCS implantation group (219 cases), and their clinical characteristics and mortality rates were compared. According to the type of MCS, participants were also divided into the combined venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) treatment group (184 cases), the exclusively VA-ECMO treatment group (98 cases), and exclusively IABP treatment group (98 cases) in order to compare their mortality rates.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the total number of white blood cells, arterial lactic acid level, and the use of vasoactive drugs ≥ 2 were the influencing factors for early initiation of mechanical circulatory support, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.071 (P=0.005), 95% CI (1.021, 1.124), 1.319 (P = 0.000), 95% CI (1.195, 1.457), 1.934 (P = 0.033), 95% CI (1.056, 3.541). The arterial lactate level predicts the area under the operating characteristic curve of subjects who start early mechanical circulation support 0.719 (P=0.000), 95% CI (0.667, 0.770), the maximum Youden index was 0.395, and the critical value was 5.05mmol/L. The early initiation of the mechanical circulatory support group had a low mortality rate (21.12%VS43.38%, P=0.000), while the combined VA-ECMO and IABP treatment group had the lowest mortality rate (24.46%VS38.78%VS46.94, P=0.000).ConclusionThe number of white blood cells, the level of arterial lactate, and the use of vasoactive drugs ≥ 2 are the influencing factors for the early initiation of mechanical circulatory support in AMICS patients. When the arterial lactic acid level is greater than 5.05mmol/L, mechanical circulatory support should be started as soon as possible. The mortality rate of patients with early mechanical circulatory support was low, and the mortality rate of combined VA-ECMO and IABP treatment was the lowest.
Pharmacovigilance study for SGLT 2 inhibitors- Safety review of real-world data &amp; randomized clinical trials
Authors: Bhanushali Karan B , Asnani Heena K , Nair Ambica , Ganatra Sarju , Dani Sourbha S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors are a novel class of drugs that have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for Diabetes Mellitus, Heart failure as well as chronic kidney disease. Despite their effectiveness, concerns have been raised about the potential side effects of these drugs. To address these concerns, a pharmaco-vigilance study has been designed to evaluate and compare the adverse events reported in clinical trials with those reported in the real-world settings. The study aims to identify any discrepancies between the reported adverse events and assess the safety profile of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Methods:
We studied diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), euglycemic DKA, amputation, urinary tract infection (UTI), mycotic genital infection and hypotension associated with empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, canagliflozin and ertugliflozin in RCTs and pharmacovigilance databases. WHO’s VigiBase, FAERS, EMA’s EudraVigilance and DAEN were thoroughly studied to obtain spontaneously reported real-world adverse events.
Results:
12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for different SGLT2 inhibitors that enrolled 78,802 patients in total were studied for the adverse effects profiles of each drug. Out of the 12 trials included in the current study, UTI was the most reported adverse event in the SGLT2 group, followed by amputation.
Out of all the adverse events that were registered in the spontaneous reporting systems, 69,664 were reported for empagliflozin, 51,172 for dapagliflozin, 59,261 for canagliflozin and 1,315 for ertugliflozin. DKA was the most reported adverse event overall. Proportions of composite adverse events were 25.1% in VigiBase, 28.6% in FAERS, 39.1% with EudraVigilance and 55.1% with DAEN. Most of the adverse events were reported by the health care provider.
Conclusion:
Our study provides comparison of the real world reported adverse events to adverse events reported in the clinical trials studying the efficacy of SGLT 2 inhibitors.
The transcription factor NRF1 (NFE2L1) activates aggrephagy by inducingp62 and GABARAPL1 after proteasome inhibition to maintain proteostasis
Authors: Hatanaka Atsushi , Nakada Sota , Matsumoto Gen , Satoh Katsuya , Aketa Iori , Watanabe Akira , Hirakawa Tomoaki , Tsujita Tadayuki , Waku Tsuyoshi , Kobayashi Akira 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The ubiquitin‒proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are the two primary cellular pathways of misfolded or damaged protein degradation that maintain cellular proteostasis. When the proteasome is dysfunctional, cells compensate for impaired protein clearance by activating aggrephagy, a type of selective autophagy, to eliminate ubiquitinated protein aggregates; however, the molecular mechanisms by which impaired proteasome function activates aggrephagy remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that activation of aggrephagy is transcriptionally induced by the transcription factor NRF1 (NFE2L1) in response to proteasome dysfunction. Although NRF1 has been previously shown to induce the expression of proteasome genes after proteasome inhibition (i.e., the proteasome bounce-back response), our genome-wide transcriptome analyses identified autophagy-related p62/SQSTM1 and GABARAPL1 as genes directly targeted by NRF1. Intriguingly, NRF1 was also found to be indispensable for the formation of p62-positive puncta and their colocalization with ULK1 and TBK1, which play roles in p62 activation via phosphorylation. Consistently, NRF1 knockdown substantially reduced the phosphorylation rate of Ser403 in p62. Finally, NRF1 selectively upregulated the expression of GABARAPL1, an ATG8 family gene, to induce the clearance of ubiquitinated proteins. Our findings highlight the discovery of an activation mechanism underlying NRF1-mediated aggrephagy through gene regulation when proteasome activity is impaired.
Elite GA-based Feature Selection of LSTM for Earthquake Prediction
Authors: Ye Zhiwei , Lan Wuyang , Zhou Wen , He Qiyi , Hong Liang , Xu Xinguo , Gao Yunxuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Earthquake magnitude prediction is an extremely difficult task that has been studied by various machine learning researchers. However, the redundant features and time series properties hinder the development of prediction models. Elite Genetic Algorithm (EGA) has the advantages in searching optimal feature subsets, meanwhile, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is dedicated to processing time series and complex data. Therefore, we propose an EGA-based feature selection of LSTM model (EGA-LSTM) for time series earthquake prediction. First, the acoustic and electromagnetics data of the AETA system we developed are fused and preprocessed by EGA, aiming to find strong correlation indicators. Second, LSTM is introduced to execute magnitude prediction with the selected features. Specifically, the RMSE of LSTM and the ratio of selected features are chosen as fitness components of EGA. Finally, we test the proposed EGA-LSTM on the AETA data of Sichuan province, including the influence of data in different periods ($timePeriod$) and fitness function weights ($\omega_a$ and $\omega_F$) on the prediction results. Linear Regression (LR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Adaboost, Random Forest (RF), standard GA (SGA), steadyGA, and three Differential Evolution Algorithms (DEs) are adopted as our baselines. Experimental results demonstrate that all the methods can get the best performance when $timePeriod = 0:00-8:00$, $\omega_a=1$, and $\omega_F=0.8$. Moreover, our proposed approach is superior to state-of-the-art approaches on the evaluation indicators MAE, MSE, RMSE, and $R_2$. Non-parametric tests reveal that EGA-LSTM is significantly different from others and outperforms the standard LSTM.
Predictive Modeling of Menstrual Cycle Length: A Time Series Forecasting Approach
Authors: Rego Rosana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A proper forecast of the menstrual cycle is meaningful for women's health, as it allows individuals to take preventive actions to minimize cycle-associated discomforts. In addition, precise prediction can be useful for planning important events in a woman's life, such as family planning. In this work, we explored the use of machine learning techniques to predict regular and irregular menstrual cycles. We implemented some time series forecasting algorithm approaches, such as AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average, Huber Regression, Lasso Regression, Orthogonal Matching Pursuit, and Long Short-Term Memory Network. Moreover, we generated synthetic data to achieve our purposes. The results showed that it is possible to accurately predict the onset and duration of menstrual cycles using machine learning techniques.