bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algorithms, Platforms, and Policy: The Changing Face of Canadian News Distribution
Authors: Blanchett Nicole , McKelvey Fenwick , Brin Colette 
Published: March 2023

<p>In Canada’s English/French hybrid media system, algorithms are changing traditional gatekeeping practices, with newsworkers using data from third-party platforms to help determine what types of stories should be covered and how they will be promoted. Algorithmic distribution has become a proxy issue in a showdown between legacy news industries, news journalism startups, governments, and large social media platforms. The Canadian government is now joining forces with other countries to explore regulations that support the continued creation and distribution of diverse news content. Our chapter provides an overview of algorithms’ impact on journalistic integrity in Canadian newsrooms and an analysis of the policies that might influence this largely self-regulated industry.</p>
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Pemberian aktivitas fisik olahraga terhadap peningkatan kebugaran jasmani di masa pandemi covid 19 pada atlet senam lantai kabupaten pemalang
Authors: Tresnowati Idah , Anggi Gilang nuari panggraita , Anggi Gilang nuari panggraita , Mega widya putri  
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan aktivitas fisik yang dapat dilakukan sendiri dirumah selama masa pandemic covid 19 pada atlet senam lantai agar kebugaran jasmaninya tetap terjaga dengan baik. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Persani Kabupaten Pemalang. Materi yang disampaikan pada seminar ini adalah tentang aktivitas fisik yang dapat dilakukan dirumah pada atlet senam. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan kepada atlet khususnya atlet senam lantai dimana kebugaran jasmani sangat harus dijaga pada masa pandemic covid 19 ini.
Obtención de un coagulante natural a partir de la hoja de opuntia ficus indica (tuna) para el tratamiento de aguas residuales
Authors: Valdez Rosales Saul David , León Cueva Wilson Patricio , San Martín Torres Delly Maribel , León Cueva Ricardo Valentín 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: las permanentes descargas de efluentes sin tratamiento previo han aumentado de manera considerable en los últimos años propiciando la perdida de la calidad de los recursos hídricos lo que hace factible el desarrollo de sistemas de tratamiento de aguas para lo cual se utilizan productos químicos los cuales son dañinos para la salud por tal motivo se propone reemplazarlos en gran parte por agentes naturales derivados de productos vegetales que tengan un comportamiento similar o mejor a los mismos. Objetivo: Obtener un coagulante natural a partir de la hoja de Opuntia ficus indica (Tuna) mediante varias operaciones unitarias para el tratamiento de aguas residuales. Metodología: El coagulante natural descrito se obtiene a través de diferentes operaciones unitarias tales como: secado, molienda, tamizado y extracción sólido-líquido. Resultados: Se consiguieron muy buenos porcentajes de remoción como DQO 78,12 %, DBO5 58 %, Nitrógeno Total 89,06 %, Coliformes Fecales 100%, Coliformes Totales 100% y Turbidez 85,47 % evidenciando que el tratamiento es viable. Conclusión: Se comprobó que mediante la utilización de un coagulante natural extraído de la hoja de Opuntia ficus indica (tuna) se puede lograr porcentajes de remoción similares a los obtenidos por productos químicos convencionales atenuando considerablemente el nivel de contaminación en el producto final de dicho proceso. Área de estudio: Ingeniería Química e Ingeniería Ambiental.
Renal Functional Response Following Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Patients of Renal Stone Disease With Impaired Renal Function
Authors: Khan Sharif Md Shahadat Ali , Enayetullah Imtiaz , Razzaque Kazi Zikrur , Nasiruddin Md , Ahmed Abu Saleh , Abedin Kazi Rafiqul 
Published: March 2023

Background : Urolithiasis is one of the oldest disease known to human beings and has been documented in ancient Greek. Urolithiasis continues to pose a significant health hazard, causing progressive renal impairment, if left untreated. The etiology of renal insufficiency in patients with nephrolithiasis is multifactorial and includes renal obstruction, urinary infection, frequent surgical interventions, and coexisting medical diseases. The purpose of this study is to assess the change in renal function following removal of kidney stones by Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in patients with associated impaired renal function.
Materials and methods : 50 Patients with renal stone disease with associated impaired renal function who were admitted and underwent PCNL in Urology department were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria by purposive sampling. Complete clinical evaluation including history, physical examination, relevant examinations & laboratory investigations were performed. All the patients were treated by PCNL monotherapy with Double J stenting. Mean age was 46.63±11.95 years (Age range: 24-72 years). There were 36 males (72%) & 14 females (28%) & male to female ratio was 2.57:1.
Results : In this study, a significant fall in mean serum creatinine (0.5 mg%) was demonstrated following the stone removal. The creatinine value remained unchanged in 12% and improved in 84% patients. In contrast to the improvement of renal function as evident by a decline in the mean serum creatinine values, the mean Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) registered a small fall of 1.78 ml/min (Statistically not significant). we have observed that total 12 (24%) patients out of 50 cases experienced different sorts of complications.
Conclusion: This study showed that PCNL approach to urolithiasis in patients with impaired renal function significantly improves renal functional status manifested according to the preoperative and postoperative difference of serum creatinine and 99mTc DTPA performance.
JCMCTA 2019 ; 30 (2) : 70-74
Outcome of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura In a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Rahman A T M Atikur , Karim A K M Rezaul , Begum Momena , Chowdhury Tapas , Kibria CH , Islam Md Hafizul , Siddiqua Khurshida Azad , Noor Syeda Fateha 
Published: March 2023

Background : The study aimed to demonstrate the pattern of clinical presentations and outcome of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka.
Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted by record reviewing and analyzing the data of 103 patients of acute ITP, ageing between 1-16 years, at the Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka from June 2017 to December 2019. We reviewed the data regarding age, sex, clinical presentations, history of preceding viral infections, vaccination history, laboratory values, different treatment options used and response to the treatment concerning complete response, partial response and poor responders. Statistical analysis performed by using IBM SPSS statistics version 20.
Results: We retrospectively reviewed a total of 103 patients. The median age, at the time of presentation, was 5±3.4 years while the mean age was 4.5±2.9 years. The male to female ratio was 1.28:1. Mean platelet count on presentation was 7 x 109/L (Range: 0-24). Twenty three (22.3%) patients had the history of preceding febrile illness. Bruises, petechiae, epistaxis and hematemesis remained the common presentations. Six (5.8%) patients showed spontaneous recovery while 97 (94%) patients received treatment for ITP. Overall, 71 (68.9%) showed a response after treatment. Sixty-two patients (59.22%) showed loss of response and received treatment again. Among these patients, thirty-four patients (33%) developed chronic disease.
Conclusion: Majority of patients presenting to our tertiary care centre had severe acute ITP on presentation.After management and follow-up, almost one third of the patients develop chronic disease hence the incidence of developing chronic disease remained high as compared to the other centers.
JCMCTA 2019 ; 30 (2) : 81-85
Teenage Girl With Ovarian Tumor : A Case Report
Authors: Begum Yasmin Ara , Shelly Sanaullah 
Published: March 2023

Ovarian tumors are the 7th most common cause of cancers in women worldwide. Despite advancements in both treatment and diagnosis, the morbidity and mortality associated with ovarian tumors continue to rise. In Bangladesh, 3132 cases were reported in 2015 and more cases are expected to be reported as diagnostic techniques continue to improve. Among ovarian tumors, dysgerminomas are one of the most common malignant ovarian neoplasms diagnosed in women under the age of 20. The following case study of a 12-yearold with abdominal pain and concomitant chest pain is an atypical presentation of dysgerminoma. This patient was diagnosed initially as having an ovarian neoplasm on the basis of a physical examination which was eventually corroborated by an ultrasound scan. Laparoscopic removal was eventually done as the patient was young and had desired a more cosmetically viable management protocol. At laparoscopy, the left ovary was found to be pearly white and enlarged, measuring 3.5x5.5 cm. It was removed and sent for histopathologic examination, which revealed that the patient had dysgerminoma. The patient remains in close follow up.
JCMCTA 2019 ; 30 (2) : 99-101
Adventitial adaptive immune cells are associated with ascending aortic dilatation in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Staal Alexander H. J. , Cortenbach Kimberley R. G. , Gorris Mark A. J. , van der Woude Lieke L. , Srinivas Mangala , Heijmen Robin H. , Geuzebroek Guillaume S. C. , Grewal Nimrat , Hebeda Konnie M. , de Vries I. Jolanda M. , DeRuiter Marco C. , van Kimmenade Roland R. J. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundBicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is associated with ascending aorta aneurysms and dissections. Presently, genetic factors and pathological flow patterns are considered responsible for aneurysm formation in BAV while the exact role of inflammatory processes remains unknown.MethodsIn order to objectify inflammation, we employ a highly sensitive, quantitative immunohistochemistry approach. Whole slides of dissected, dilated and non-dilated ascending aortas from BAV patients were quantitatively analyzed.ResultsDilated aortas show a 4-fold increase of lymphocytes and a 25-fold increase in B lymphocytes in the adventitia compared to non-dilated aortas. Tertiary lymphoid structures with B cell follicles and helper T cell expansion were identified in dilated and dissected aortas. Dilated aortas were associated with an increase in M1-like macrophages in the aorta media, in contrast the number of M2-like macrophages did not change significantly.ConclusionThis study finds unexpected large numbers of immune cells in dilating aortas of BAV patients. These findings raise the question whether immune cells in BAV aortopathy are innocent bystanders or contribute to the deterioration of the aortic wall.
Mechanism of leptin-NPY on the onset of puberty in male offspring rats after androgen intervention during pregnancy
Authors: Liu Jingqi , Yuan Yongting , Peng Xingwang , Wang Yuanyuan , Cao Ruiyao , Zhang Yun , Fu Lianguo 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe time of onset of puberty has been increasingly earlier, but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to reveal the mechanism of leptin and NPY in the onset of puberty in male offspring rats after androgen intervention during pregnancy.MethodsEight-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) healthy male Sprague−Dawley (SD) rats and 16 female SD rats were selected and caged at 1:2. The pregnant rats were randomly divided into the olive oil control group (OOG) and testosterone intervention group (TG), with 8 rats in each group. Olive oil and testosterone were injected from the 15th day of pregnancy, for a total of 4 injections (15th, 17th, 19th, 21st day). After the onset of puberty, the male offspring rats were anesthetized with 2% pentobarbital sodium to collect blood by ventral aorta puncture and decapitated to peel off the hypothalamus and abdominal fat. Serum testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and leptin were detected by ELISA, and then the free androgen index (FAI) was calculated. The mRNA levels of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor α (ERα), NPY, leptinR, and NPY2R in the hypothalamus and abdominal fat were detected by RT−PCR. Protein expression levels of AR, ERα, NPY, leptinR, and NPY2R in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus were detected by immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe time of onset of puberty was significantly earlier in the TG than in the OOG (P&lt; 0.05) and was positively correlated with body weight, body length, abdominal fat, and leptinR mRNA levels in adipose tissue in the OOG (P&lt; 0.05), while it was positively correlated with serum DHT and DHEA concentrations and FAI and AR mRNA levels in the hypothalamus in the TG (P&lt; 0.05). The NPY2R mRNA level and protein expression levels of ERα, NPY2R, and leptinR in the TG were significantly higher than those in the OOG, while the protein expression levels of AR and NPY in the TG were significantly lower than those in the OOG (P&lt; 0.05).ConclusionsTestosterone intervention during pregnancy led to an earlier onset of puberty in male offspring rats, which may render the male offspring rats more sensitive to androgens, leptin, and NPY at the onset of puberty.
Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the physicians' psychological health: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Guraya Shaista S. , Menezes Prianna , Lawrence Isabell Nelson , Guraya Salman Yousuf , Rashid-Doubell Fiza 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundCOVID-19 has endangered healthcare systems at multiple levels worldwide. Published data suggests that moral dilemmas faced during these unprecedented times have placed physicians at the intersections of ethical and unethical considerations. This phenomenon has questioned the physicians' morality and how that has affected their conduct. The purpose of our review is to tap into the spectrum of the transforming optics of patient care during the pandemic and its impact on psychological wellbeing of physicians.MethodsWe adopted the Arksey and O'Malley's framework, defining research questions, identifying relevant studies, selecting the studies using agreed inclusion and exclusion criteria, charting the data, and summarizing and reporting results. Databases of PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, CINAHL, and PsycInfo were searched using a predefined search string. The retrieved titles and abstracts were reviewed. Later, a detailed full-text analysis of the studies which matched our inclusion criteria was performed.ResultsOur first search identified 875 titles and abstracts. After excluding duplicates, irrelevant, and incomplete titles, we selected 28 studies for further analysis. The sample size in 28 studies was 15,509 with an average size of 637 per study. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used, with cross-sectional surveys being utilized in all 16 quantitative studies. Using the data from semi-structured interviews, several discrete codes were generated, which led to the identification of five main themes; mental health, individual challenges, decision-making, change in patient care, and support services.ConclusionThis scoping review reports an alarming rise in psychological distress, moral injury, cynicism, uncertainty, burnout, and grief among physicians during the pandemic. Decision-making and patient care were mostly regulated by rationing, triaging, age, gender, and life expectancy. Poor professional controls and institutional services potentially led to physicians' crumbling wellbeing. This research calls for the remediation of the deteriorating mental health and a restoration of medical profession's advocacy and equity.
Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and baricitinib: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yu Yuanting , Ding Xiaojie , Guo Fei , Ze Kan , Sun Xiaoying , Li Xin 
Published: March 2023

RationalePerifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens (PCAS), also known as dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS), is a part of the “follicular occlusion tetrad” that also includes acne conglobate (AC), hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and pilonidal sinus, which share the same pathogenic mechanism, such as follicular occlusions, follicular ruptures, and follicular infections.Patient concernsA 15-year-old boy had multiple rashes on the scalp accompanied by pain.DiagnosisThe patient was diagnosed with PCAS or DCS based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations.InterventionsThe patient was initially administered adalimumab 40 mg biweekly and oral isotretinoin 30 mg daily for 5 months. Because the initial results were insufficient, the interval between adalimumab injections was extended to 4 weeks, and isotretinoin was changed to baricitinib 4 mg daily for 2 months. When the condition became more stable, adalimumab 40 mg and baricitinib 4 mg were administered every 20 and 3 days, respectively, for two more months until now.OutcomesAfter 9 months of treatment and follow-up, the original skin lesions of the patient were almost cured, and most inflammatory alopecia patches disappeared.ConclusionOur literature review did not find any previous reports on treating PCAS with TNF-α inhibitors and baricitinib. Accordingly, we presented the first successful treatment of PCAS with this regimen.
Skin diseases of the nipple and areola complex: A case series study from China
Authors: Wu Chao , Jia Qian-Nan , Fang Kai , Zeng Yue-Ping 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSkin diseases of the nipple and areola complex (NAC) are numerous and difficult to diagnose, which is a great challenge for clinicians. A better understanding of the clinical features of NAC skin diseases is of great value for the correct diagnosis.MethodsTo investigate the clinical characteristics of skin diseases of the NAC, we retrospectively analyzed the demographic data, disease constitution, rash characteristics, inconsistency between the clinical and pathological diagnosis from 260 patients with NAC lesions that were confirmed by histopathology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China from 2012 to 2022.ResultsThe patients’ average age was 43.6 (8 to 82) years, and the ratio of females to males was 13.4:1. Out of the 260 patients biopsied, the most common diseases were eczema, Paget’s disease (PD), adenoma of the nipple (AN), seborrheic keratosis (SK), cutaneous metastasis of breast cancer, wart, soft fibroma, and hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola. There were 77 (29.6%) patients with inconsistency between the clinical impressions and pathological diagnoses. AN was the most clinically misdiagnosed condition, most commonly presumed to be PD or eczema.ConclusionEczema and PD are the most common biopsied NAC skin diseases. Late onset, unilateral involvement, and predilection for the nipple are several characteristics of PD, which are different from eczema. NAC skin diseases are easily misdiagnosed clinically, especially AN.
Multiple thread ligations versus stapled hemorrhoidopexy on operative outcomes of grade III hemorrhoids: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Xile , Liu Fanlong , Lin Caizhao , Chen Wenbin , Xu Jiahe 
Published: March 2023

ObjectControversy remains regarding the safety and efficacy of hemorrhoid ligation and stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH) in the treatment of hemorrhoids. The study was to explore the operative outcomes of patients underwent multiple thread ligations (MTL) with SH for the management of grade III hemorrhoids.MethodsThis cohort study included patients who underwent MTL (MTL group, 128 cases) or SH (SH group, 141 cases) for grade III hemorrhoids between June 2019 and May 2021. A total of 115 patients in MTL group and 115 patients in SH group were finally included by propensity score matching with a ratio of 1:1. The primary outcome was the recurrence of prolapse within 6 months. Secondary outcomes were operative time, post-operative pain scores, hospital stay, the incidence of complications, Wexner incontinence score, and quality of life of patients with constipation at 6 months post procedure.ResultsMultiple thread ligations and SH resulted in comparable recurrence within 6 months of follow-up, with five and seven cases of recurrence, respectively, (P = 0.352). The two groups had comparable outcomes in terms of post-operative pain, hospital stay, Wexner incontinence scores, and constipation-related quality of life (all P &gt; 0.05). The median operative time was 16 min (15–18 min) in the MTL group versus 25 min (16–33 min) in the SH group (P &lt; 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that the MTL technique had a lower risk of postoperative bleeding than that with the SH technique (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe study indicated that the MTL technique might achieve comparable operative outcomes compared with the SH technique for the management of grade III hemorrhoids, nevertheless, MTL seemed to be associated with less risk of surgical bleeding than SH.
Patterns of within-host spread of Chlamydia trachomatis between vagina, endocervix and rectum revealed by comparative genomic analysis
Authors: Joseph Sandeep J. , Bommana Sankhya , Ziklo Noa , Kama Mike , Dean Deborah , Read Timothy D. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionChlamydia trachomatis, a gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium, commonly causes sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Little is known about C. trachomatis transmission within the host, which is important for understanding disease epidemiology and progression.MethodsWe used RNA-bait enrichment and whole-genome sequencing to compare rectal, vaginal and endocervical samples collected at the same time from 26 study participants who attended Fijian Ministry of Health and Medical Services clinics and tested positive for C. trachomatis at each anatomic site.ResultsThe 78 C. trachomatis genomes from participants resolved into two major clades of the C. trachomatis phylogeny (the “prevalent urogenital and anorectal” clade and “non-prevalent urogenital and anorectal” clade). For 21 participants, genome sequences were almost identical in each anatomic site. For the other five participants, two distinct C. trachomatis strains were present in different sites; in two cases, the vaginal sample was a mixture of strains.DiscussionThe absence of large numbers of fixed SNPs between C. trachomatis genomes within many of the participants could indicate recent acquisition of infection prior to the clinic visit without sufficient time to accumulate significant genetic variation in different body sites. This model suggests that many C. trachomatis infections may be resolved relatively quickly in the Fijian population, possibly reflecting common prescription or over-the-counter antibiotics usage.