bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A failure location technology for SiP devices based on TDR nondestructive testing method
Authors: Xiao Hui , Guo Xiaotong , Chen Fangzhou , Zhang Weiwei , Liu Hao , Chen Zejian , Liu Jiahao 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Traditional nondestructive failure localization techniques are increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of high density and integration of system in package (SIP) devices in terms of resolution and accuracy. Time domain reflection (TDR) is recognized as a novel positioning analysis technology gradually being used in the electronics industry because of the good compatibility, high accuracy and high efficiency. However, there are limited reports focus on the application of TDR technology to SiP devices.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the authors used the TDR technique to locate the failure of SiP devices, and the results showed that the TDR technique can accurately locate the cracking of internal solder joints of SiP devices.

Findings
The measured transmission rate of electromagnetic wave signal was 9.56 × 107 m/s in the experimental SiP devices. In addition, the TDR technique successfully located the failure point, which was mainly caused by the cracking of the solder joint at the edge of the SiP device after 1,500 thermal cycles.

Originality/value
TDR technology is creatively applied to SiP device failure location, and quantitative analysis is realized.
Are consumers willing to pay a premium for art-infused products?
Authors: Gupta Mansi 
Published: February 2023

PurposeArt-infusion has become a common practice among brands across the globe. This is because marketers leverage the uniqueness and prestige of arts to earn superior profits. Hence, this research aims to understand and measure consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for art-infused products.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was designed based on conjoint analysis and was responded to by 470 respondents from India. The estimation of preference functions in conjoint analysis was intended to use orthogonal arrays to measure WTP.FindingsThe study reveals consumers' utility and WTP for different art-infused products. The results indicated that consumers have the highest WTP for products that have artwork dominated by the visual elements of colour, shapes and space.Practical implicationsThe paper presents valuable findings for marketers to develop their product design and earn superior profits.Originality/valueThis is the first study in the domain of the art infusion phenomenon that measures WTP for non-luxury art-infused products. Also, this is the first study to measure WTP for different kinds of art forms.
Promote Internally or Hire Externally? The Role of Gift Exchange and Performance Measurement Precision
Authors: CHAN ERIC W. , LILL JEREMY B. , MAAS VICTOR S. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTManagers often face the choice between promoting an internal employee and hiring an external candidate. Using an interactive experiment, we examine the drivers of managers’ promote/hire decisions and internal employees’ behavior before and after those decisions. Consistent with gift exchange theory, we find that employees exert costly effort to increase the chance of being promoted, and they raise their effort level as the promote/hire decision becomes imminent. Managers respond by promoting those who exert high effort, despite employees’ inferior ability compared to external candidates. Results suggest that managers view employees’ past effort as both a gift to reciprocate and a signal of their future effort. Moreover, we find that managers are more likely to promote internally rather than hire externally under a less precise performance measurement system, and this result is driven by managers who observe low employee output. Finally, we find that total effort is significantly higher when managers promote internally versus hire externally.
Changes in transcranial near‐infrared spectroscopy values reflect changes in cardiac index during cardiac surgery
Authors: Lanning Katriina M. , Ylikauma Laura A. , Erkinaro Tiina M. , Ohtonen Pasi P. , Vakkala Merja A. , Kaakinen Timo I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo determine whether changes in transcranial near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) values reflect changes in cardiac index (CI) in adult cardiac surgical patients. Single‐center prospective post hoc analysis. University hospital. One hundred and twenty‐four adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In each patient, several CI measurements were taken, and NIRS values were collected simultaneously. We used a hierarchical linear regression model to assess the association between NIRS values and CI. We calculated a crude model with NIRS as the only factor included, and an adjusted model, where mean arterial pressure, end‐tidal CO2, and oxygen saturation were used as confounding factors. A total of 1301 pairs of NIRS and CI values were collected. The analysis of separate NIRS and CI pairs revealed a poor association, which was not statistically significant when adjusted with the chosen confounders. However, when the changes in NIRS from baseline or from the previous measurement were compared to those of CI, a clinically and statistically significant association between NIRS and CI was observed also in the adjusted model. Compared to the baseline and to the previous measurement, respectively, the regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals were 0.048 (0.041–0.056) and 0.064 (0.055–0.073) in off‐pump coronary artery bypass patients and 0.022 (0.016–0.029) and 0.026 (0.020–0.033) in patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass. In an unselected cardiac surgical population, the changes in NIRS values reflect those in CI, especially in off‐pump coronary artery bypass patients. In this single‐center post hoc analysis of data from a prospectively collected database of cardiac surgery patients, paired measurements of cardiac output and NIRS revealed that while there was a no correlation between individual paired measurements, a small correlation was found in changes in the two measurements from baseline values. This highlights a potential to utilize changes in NIRS from baseline to suggest changes in cardiac output in cardiac surgical populations.
Delirium‐related psychiatric and neurocognitive impairment and the association with post‐intensive care syndrome—A narrative review
Authors: Ramnarain Dharmanand , Pouwels Sjaak , Fernández‐Gonzalo Sol , Navarra‐Ventura Guillem , Balanzá‐Martínez Vicent 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionDelirium is common among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and its impact on the neurocognitive and psychiatric state of survivors is of great interest. These new‐onset or worsening conditions, together with physical alterations, are called post‐intensive care syndrome (PICS). Our aim is to update on the latest screening and follow‐up options for psychological and cognitive sequelae of PICS.MethodThis narrative review discusses the occurrence of delirium in ICU settings and the relatively new concept of PICS. Psychiatric and neurocognitive morbidities that may occur in survivors of critical illness following delirium are addressed. Future perspectives for practice and research are discussed.ResultsThere is no “gold standard” for diagnosing delirium in the ICU, but two extensively validated tools, the confusion assessment method for the ICU and the intensive care delirium screening checklist, are often used. PICS complaints are frequent in ICU survivors who have suffered delirium and have been recognized as an important public health and socio‐economic problem worldwide. Depression, anxiety, post‐traumatic stress disorder, and long‐term cognitive impairment are recurrently exhibited. Screening tools for these deficits are discussed, as well as the suggestion of early assessment after discharge and at 3 and 12 months.ConclusionsDelirium is a complex but common phenomenon in the ICU and a risk factor for PICS. Its diagnosis is challenging with potential long‐term adverse outcomes, including psychiatric and cognitive difficulties. The implementation of screening and follow‐up protocols for PICS sequelae is warranted to ensure early detection and appropriate management.
Fairness, Equity, and Justice Implications of French‐Influenced Environmental Policy in Africa
Authors: Njoh Ambe J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrance has played an active role in the environmental policy field in Africa prior to, during, and since the European colonial era on the continent in the 19th century. However, because France's overseas activities receive inadequate attention in the Anglophone literature, knowledge of this role is scant among English‐speaking scholars. This article analyzes French activities in the environmental policy field in Africa. The focus is on five specific substantive environmental policy areas: land tenure, forestry, agriculture, mining, and the built environment. The main objective is to highlight the environmental fairness, equity, and justice implications of French activities in these areas. The activities are shown to be unfair, inequitable, and unjust to traditionally marginalized societal groups. These groups were comprised of indigenous Africans during the colonial era and, thereafter, of the poor, women, and ethnic minorities. National and international authorities would do well to institute fairness, equity, and justice as a requirement for all initiatives, especially by multinational corporations, in the environmental policy field in Africa.
Extracorporeal therapy of sepsis by purified granulocyte concentrates: ex vivo circulation model
Authors: Klinkmann Gerd , Wild Thomas , Heskamp Benjamin , Doss Fanny , Doss Sandra , Milej Magdalena , Thiele Lea‐Marie , Goudeva Lilia , Blasczyk Rainer , Reuter Daniel A. , Altrichter Jens , Mitzner Steffen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune cell dysfunction is a central part of immune paralysis in sepsis. Granulocyte concentrate (GC) transfusions can induce tissue damage via local effects of neutrophils. The hypothesis of an extracorporeal plasma treatment with granulocytes is to show beneficial effects with fewer side effects. Clinical trials with standard GC have supported this approach. This ex vivo study investigated the functional properties of purified granulocyte preparations during the extracorporeal plasma treatment.MethodsPurified GC were stored for up to 3 days and compared with standard GC in an immune cell perfusion therapy model. The therapy consists of a plasma separation device and an extracorporeal circuit. Plasma is perfused through the tubing system with donor immune cells of the GC, and only the treated plasma is filtered for re‐transfusion. The donor immune cells are retained in the extracorporeal system and discarded after treatment. Efficacy of granulocytes regarding phagocytosis, oxidative burst as well as cell viability and metabolic parameters were assessed.ResultsIn pGC, the metabolic surrogate parameters of cell functionality showed comparable courses even after a storage period of 72 h. In particular, glucose and oxygen consumption were lower after extended storage. The course of lactate dehydrogenase concentration yields no indication of cell impairment in the extracorporeal circulation. The cells were viable throughout the entire study period and exhibited preserved phagocytosis and oxidative burst functionality.ConclusionThe granulocytes demonstrated full functionality in the 6 h extracorporeal circuits after 3 days storage and in septic shock plasma. This is demonstrating the functionality of the system and encourages further clinical studies.
High rate of insecure attachment patterns in preterm infants at early school age
Authors: Mehler Katrin , Heine Eva , Kribs Angela , Schömig Charlotte , Reimann Lisa , Nonhoff Charlotte , Kissgen Rüdiger 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimIn preterm infants, insecure attachment is associated with behavioural and emotional problems but data on attachment beyond toddler age are scarce. This study assessed attachment security at 6–8 years in very and moderate or late preterm infants. The results were compared to a non‐clinical full‐term sample.MethodsAttachment security of 38 very and 20 moderate or late preterm infants was assessed during a home visit with the German version of the Attachment Story Completion Task. Attachment patterns of 28 full‐term controls were taken from a previous study. Primary outcomes were attachment security and attachment security score. Secondary outcomes for the preterm groups were infant behavioural problems, parental stress, perceived social support, maternal depressive symptoms, and infant development.ResultsVery preterm infants had the highest rate of insecure attachment (81%) compared to moderate or late preterm infants (60%) and full‐term infants (47%); (p = 0.013). Attachment security scores differed significantly between very preterm and full‐term infants (p = 0.001). Secondary outcomes were similar in very and moderate or late preterm cohorts.ConclusionPrematurity was associated with an increased risk of insecure attachment at early school age. Interventions targeting attachment security are reasonable considering the high rate of behavioural problems following premature birth.
Prediction scores based on neonatal inflammatory markers for chorioamnionitis and funisitis in extremely low gestational age neonates
Authors: Yoshimatsu Hidetaka , Iwai Masanori , Kitabatake Yasuji , Ozono Keiichi , Nakamura Kimitoshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to examine the predictive value of inflammatory markers for chorioamnionitis and funisitis in extremely low gestational age neonates.MethodsAccording to the Redline histopathological classification, extremely low gestational age neonates were classified into: (1) maternal inflammatory response ≤1 or ≥2, based on inflammatory findings of the placenta and (2) foetal inflammatory response ≤1 or ≥2, based on inflammatory findings of the umbilical cord. On admission and 12–36 h postnatally, procalcitonin and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels and white blood cell and neutrophil counts were compared. For both maternal and foetal inflammatory responses ≥2, the predictive value of each inflammatory marker was calculated.ResultsOn admission, procalcitonin had the best predictive value for maternal and foetal inflammatory response ≥2. The maternal inflammatory response ≥2 prediction score includes procalcitonin level on admission, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein level and white blood cell count at 12–36 h postnatally. Foetal inflammatory response ≥2 prediction score includes procalcitonin level and white blood cell count on admission and 12–36 h postnatally. The sensitivities were 96.4% and 96.3%, respectively.ConclusionProcalcitonin, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels and white blood cell count provide highly sensitive prediction scores for chorioamnionitis and funisitis in extremely low gestational age neonates.
Effects of prolonged sitting and physical activity breaks on measures of arterial stiffness and cortisol in adolescents
Authors: Fernström Maria , Heiland Emerald G. , Kjellenberg Karin , Ponten Marjan , Tarassova Olga , Nyberg Gisela , Helgadottir Björg , Ekblom Maria M. , Ekblom Örjan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimIn adults, prolonged periods of sitting have been linked to acute negative effects on vascular structure and function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of physical activity (PA) breaks during prolonged sitting on arterial stiffness, cortisol and psychological factors in adolescents.MethodsAdolescents underwent different short (3‐min) breaks starting every 20 min, during 80 min of sitting on three separate days. Breaks were (A) social seated breaks (SOC), (B) low‐intensity simple resistance activity PA breaks (SRA) and (C) moderate‐intensity step‐up PA breaks (STEP). The arterial stiffness measures were augmentation index (AIx), AIx@75 and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Cortisol was measured from saliva. Psychological factors were self‐reported.ResultsEleven girls and six boys (average age 13.6 ± 0.7 years) participated, with average baseline heart rates of 72 ± 11 bpm, systolic/diastolic blood pressure 111 ± 7/64 ± 6 mmHg and cortisol 10.9 ± 5.8 nmoL/L. PWV, cortisol and psychological factors did not change after any of the conditions. AIx@75 increased significantly (4.9 ± 8.7–9.2 ± 13.2) after the STEP intervention compared with SOC and SRA (time × condition p < 0.05).ConclusionArterial stiffness increased after prolonged sitting with frequent, short step‐up activity breaks. The results indicate potential important intensity‐dependent effects of physical activity on vascular regulation in youth.
Circadian rhythms in auditory hallucinations and psychosis
Authors: Ngo Hong‐Viet V. , Oster Henrik , Andreou Christina , Obleser Jonas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCircadian rhythms are imprinted in all organisms and influence virtually all aspects of physiology and behavior in adaptation to the 24‐h day–night cycle. This recognition of a circadian timekeeping system permeating essentially all healthy functioning of body and mind quickly leads to the realization that, in turn, human ailments should be probed for the degree to which they are rooted in or marked by disruptions and dysregulations of circadian clock functions in the human body. In this review, we will focus on psychosis as a key mental illness and foremost one of its cardinal symptoms: auditory hallucinations. We will discuss recent empirical evidence and conceptual advances probing the potential role of circadian disruption in auditory hallucinations. Moreover, a dysbalance in excitation and inhibition within cortical networks, which in turn drive a disinhibition of dopaminergic signaling, will be highlighted as central physiological mechanism. Finally, we will propose two avenues for experimentally intervening on the circadian influences to potentially alleviate hallucinations in psychotic disorders.
Clinical outcomes of adapted hypofractionated radiotherapy for bladder cancer in elderly patients
Authors: Mignot Fabien , Fabiano Emmanuelle , Xylinas Evanguelos , Alati Aurélia , Méjean Arnaud , Masson‐Lecomte Alexandra , Hermieu Jean‐François , Desgrandchamps François , Hennequin Christophe , Durdux Catherine , Quéro Laurent 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of trimodal therapy (TMT) using a bifractionated split‐course hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) for non‐metastatic muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) in elderly patients.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the characteristics and outcomes of patients aged >75 years with non‐metastatic MIBC suitable or not for radical cystectomy (RC) and treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumour followed by concomitant radio‐chemotherapy (platinum salt and 5‐fluorouracil) at two institutions (Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France and European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, France) between 1990 and 2021. RT consisted of an adapted bifractionated split‐course hypofractionated RT. Acute toxicities were reported according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 and late toxicities were reported according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer late radiation morbidity scoring schema. The primary end‐point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end‐points included other survivals outcomes and safety.ResultsA total of 122 patients were identified, with a median (range) follow‐up of 51.1 (0.5–210.8) months. In all, 83.5% of patients completed radio‐chemotherapy. The OS rate was 61.7% at 3 years and 51.2% at 5 years. In multivariate analysis, the completion of RT and concomitant chemotherapy were significantly associated with better OS and cancer‐specific survival. For patients fit for RC, a complete histological response was achieved for 77 patients (91.7%) with radio‐chemotherapy and the bladder conservation rate was 90.5%. Acute and late Grade ≥3 toxicities were <5%.ConclusionBifractionated split‐course hypofractionated RT with concomitant chemotherapy regimen appears to be well‐tolerated and effective. Trimodal treatment seems to be a curative option for elderly patients unfit for radical surgery compared with palliative care and may contribute to improved survival in these patients.
Angiotensin deficient FVB/N mice are normotensive
Authors: Rodrigues André Felipe , Todiras Mihail , Qadri Fatimunnisa , Alenina Natalia , Bader Michael 
Published: February 2023

Background and PurposeAll previous rodent models lacking the peptide hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) were hypotensive. A mixed background strain with global deletion of the angiotensinogen gene was backcrossed to the FVB/N background (Agt‐KO), a strain preferred for transgenic generation. Surprisingly, the resulting line turned out to be normotensive. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the unique blood pressure regulation of FVB/N mice without angiotensin peptides.Experimental ApproachAcute and chronic recordings of blood pressure (BP) in freely‐moving adult mice were performed to establish baseline BP. The pressure responses to sympatholytic and sympathomimetic as well as a nitric oxide inhibitor and donor compounds were used to quantify the neurogenic tone and endothelial function. The role of the renal nerves on baseline BP maintenance was tested by renal denervation. Finally, further phenotyping was done by gene expression analysis, histology and measurement of metabolites in plasma, urine and tissues.Key ResultsBaseline BP in adult FVB/N Agt‐KO was unexpectedly unaltered. As compensatory mechanisms Agt‐KO presented an increased sympathetic nerve activity and reduced endothelial nitric oxide production. However, FVB/N Agt‐KO exhibited the renal morphological and physiological alterations previously found in mice lacking the production of Ang II including polyuria and hydronephrosis. The hypotensive effect of bilateral renal denervation was blunted in Agt‐KO compared to wildtype FVB/N mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsWe describe a germline Agt‐KO line that challenges all previous knowledge on BP regulation in mice with deletion of the classical RAS. This line may represent a model of drug‐resistant hypertension because it lacks hypotension.
State of the Art of Visual Analytics for eXplainable Deep Learning
Authors: La Rosa B. , Blasilli G. , Bourqui R. , Auber D. , Santucci G. , Capobianco R. , Bertini E. , Giot R. , Angelini M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe use and creation of machine‐learning‐based solutions to solve problems or reduce their computational costs are becoming increasingly widespread in many domains. Deep Learning plays a large part in this growth. However, it has drawbacks such as a lack of explainability and behaving as a black‐box model. During the last few years, Visual Analytics has provided several proposals to cope with these drawbacks, supporting the emerging eXplainable Deep Learning field. This survey aims to (i) systematically report the contributions of Visual Analytics for eXplainable Deep Learning; (ii) spot gaps and challenges; (iii) serve as an anthology of visual analytical solutions ready to be exploited and put into operation by the Deep Learning community (architects, trainers and end users) and (iv) prove the degree of maturity, ease of integration and results for specific domains. The survey concludes by identifying future research challenges and bridging activities that are helpful to strengthen the role of Visual Analytics as effective support for eXplainable Deep Learning and to foster the adoption of Visual Analytics solutions in the eXplainable Deep Learning community. An interactive explorable version of this survey is available online athttps://aware‐diag‐sapienza.github.io/VA4XDL.