bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of chronic mild traumatic brain injury using resting state functional MRI and machine learning techniques
Authors: Vedaei Faezeh , Mashhadi Najmeh , Zabrecky George , Monti Daniel , Navarreto Emily , Hriso Chloe , Wintering Nancy , Newberg Andrew B. , Mohamed Feroze B. 
Published: January 2023

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major public health concern that can result in a broad spectrum of short-term and long-term symptoms. Recently, machine learning (ML) algorithms have been used in neuroscience research for diagnostics and prognostic assessment of brain disorders. The present study aimed to develop an automatic classifier to distinguish patients suffering from chronic mTBI from healthy controls (HCs) utilizing multilevel metrics of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Sixty mTBI patients and forty HCs were enrolled and allocated to training and testing datasets with a ratio of 80:20. Several rs-fMRI metrics including fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), degree centrality (DC), voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), functional connectivity strength (FCS), and seed-based FC were generated from two main analytical categories: local measures and network measures. Statistical two-sample t-test was employed comparing between mTBI and HCs groups. Then, for each rs-fMRI metric the features were selected extracting the mean values from the clusters showing significant differences. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) models based on separate and multilevel metrics were built and the performance of the classifiers were assessed using five-fold cross-validation and via the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Feature importance was estimated using Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values. Among local measures, the range of AUC was 86.67–100% and the optimal SVM model was obtained based on combined multilevel rs-fMRI metrics and DC as a separate model with AUC of 100%. Among network measures, the range of AUC was 80.42–93.33% and the optimal SVM model was obtained based on the combined multilevel seed-based FC metrics. The SHAP analysis revealed the DC value in the left postcentral and seed-based FC value between the motor ventral network and right superior temporal as the most important local and network features with the greatest contribution to the classification models. Our findings demonstrated that different rs-fMRI metrics can provide complementary information for classifying patients suffering from chronic mTBI. Moreover, we showed that ML approach is a promising tool for detecting patients with mTBI and might serve as potential imaging biomarker to identify patients at individual level.Clinical trial registration[clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT03241732].
Dietary quality indices and recurrent chronic kidney disease in Taiwanese post-renal transplant recipients
Authors: Lin I-Hsin , Wong Te-Chih , Duong Tuyen Van , Nien Shih-Wei , Tseng I-Hsin , Wang Hsu-Han , Chiang Yang-Jen , Yang Shwu-Huey 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThis study investigated the association between dietary quality indices and recurrent chronic kidney disease (rCKD) in Taiwanese post-renal transplant recipients (RTRs).MethodsThis prospective study recruited RTRs aged &gt;18 years with a functioning allograft and without any acute rejection in the past 3 months from September 2016 to June 2018. Dietary quality indices included the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and AHEI-2010, and the Taiwanese version of the AHEI (AHEI-Taiwan) was calculated using 3-day dietary records, and calculated scores were divided into quartiles. Laboratory data were collected from medical records. rCKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the associations.ResultsThis study included 102 RTRs. The RTRs with higher AHEI, AHEI-Taiwan, and AHEI-2010 scores were older and had higher eGFRs and lower odds of rCKD. As compared with the lowest quartile, patients with the highest quartiles of the AHEI [odds ratio (OR), 0.10; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.02, 0.49; p-trend = 0.004), AHEI-2010 (OR, 0.17; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.72; p-trend = 0.016], and AHEI-Taiwan (OR, 0.13; 95% CI: 0.03–0.59; p-trend = 0.008) had lower odds of rCKD, respectively. As compared with the lowest quartile, patients who consumed the highest quartiles of red and processed meat had 11.43 times higher odds of rCKD (OR, 11.43; 95% CI: 2.30–56.85; p for trend &lt;0.01).ConclusionHigher dietary quality indices are associated with lower odds of rCKD in Taiwanese RTRs. Particularly, a positive association between a higher intake of red meat and processed meat and higher odds of rCKD remained exists after transplantation in Taiwanese RTRs. Further dietary guidelines and individualized dietary education were necessary for RTRs to prevent graft function deterioration.
Impact of enteropathogens on faltering growth in a resource-limited setting
Authors: Kabir Furqan , Iqbal Junaid , Jamil Zehra , Iqbal Najeeha Talat , Mallawaarachchi Indika , Aziz Fatima , Kalam Adil , Muneer Sahrish , Hotwani Aneeta , Ahmed Sheraz , Umrani Fayaz , Syed Sana , Sadiq Kamran , Ma Jennie Z. , Moore Sean R. , Ali Asad 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionEnvironmental enteropathy is an important contributor to childhood malnutrition in the developing world. Chronic exposure to fecal pathogens leads to alteration in intestinal structure and function, resulting in impaired gut immune function, malabsorption, and growth faltering leading to environmental enteropathy.MethodsA community-based intervention study was carried out on children till 24 months of age in Matiari district, Pakistan. Blood and fecal specimens were collected from the enrolled children aged 3–6 and 9 months. A real-time PCR-based TaqMan array card (TAC) was used to detect enteropathogens.ResultsGiardia, Campylobacter spp., enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), and Cryptosporidium spp. were the most prevailing enteropathogens in terms of overall positivity at both time points. Detection of protozoa at enrollment and 9 months was negatively correlated with rate of change in height-for-age Z (ΔHAZ) scores during the first and second years of life. A positive association was found between Giardia, fecal lipocalin (LCN), and alpha 1-Acid Glycoprotein (AGP), while Campylobacter spp. showed positive associations with neopterin (NEO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO).ConclusionProtozoal colonization is associated with a decline in linear growth velocity during the first 2 years of life in children living in Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) endemic settings. Mechanistic studies exploring the role of cumulative microbial colonization, their adaptations to undernutrition, and their influence on gut homeostasis are required to understand symptomatic enteropathogen-induced growth faltering.
The effects of green tea supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zamani Mohammad , Kelishadi Mahnaz Rezaei , Ashtary-Larky Damoon , Amirani Niusha , Goudarzi Kian , Torki Iman Attackpour , Bagheri Reza , Ghanavati Matin , Asbaghi Omid 
Published: January 2023

PurposeA bulk of observational studies have revealed the protective role of green tea supplementation in cardiovascular diseases. The current systematic review and meta-analysis study aimed to establish the effects of green tea supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors including lipid profile, blood pressure, glycemic control markers and CRP.MethodsA systematic literature search of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of green tea supplementation and cardiovascular risk factors was undertaken in online databases including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase using a combination of green tea and cardiovascular risk factors search terms. Meta-analyses were carried out using a random-effects model. The I2 index was used to assess the heterogeneity of RCTs.ResultsAmong the initial 11,286 studies that were identified from electronic databases search, 55 eligible RCTs with 63 effect sizes were eligible. Results from the random effects meta-analysis showed that GTE supplementation significantly reduced TC (WMD = −7.62; 95% CI: −10.51, −4.73; P = &lt; 0.001), LDL-C (WMD = −5.80; 95% CI: −8.30, −3.30; P = &lt; 0.001), FBS (WMD = −1.67; 95% CI: −2.58, −0.75; P = &lt; 0.001), HbA1c (WMD = −0.15; 95% CI: −0.26, −0.04; P = 0.008), DBP (WMD = −0.87; 95% CI: −1.45, −0.29; P = 0.003), while increasing HDL-C (WMD = 1.85; 95% CI: 0.87, 2.84; P = 0.010). Subgroup analyses based on the duration of supplementation (≥ 12 vs. &lt; 12 weeks), dose of green tea extract (GTE) (≥1,000 vs. &lt; 1,000 mg/d), sex (male, female, and both), baseline serum levels of lipid profile, and glycemic control factors demonstrated different results for some risk factors.ConclusionThe current study suggests improvements in the lipid and glycemic profiles following green tea supplementation. These findings support previous evidence showing the health benefits of green tea supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors.
Interrelation among one-carbon metabolic (OCM) pathway-related indicators and its impact on the occurence of pregnancy-induced hypertension disease in pregnant women supplemented with folate and vitamin B12: Real-world data analysis
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Gu Chenhong , Lei Ying , Wang Jingwen , Sun Leiqin , Fan Junwei , Wang Yanlin , Zhang Xiaoqing 
Published: January 2023

Background and objectiveA considerable number of pregnant women who were supplemented with folate and vitamin B12 were selected as major participants in studying the one-carbon metabolic (OCM) pathway. Our study aimed to explore the effects of OCM-related indicators on pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women with folate and vitamin B12 supplementation.Subjects and methodsA total of 1,178 pregnant women who took multivitamin tablets containing 800 μg folate and 4 μg vitamin B12 daily from 3 months before pregnancy to 3 months after pregnancy were enrolled in this study. These pregnant women were classified into three groups: the normotensive group (n = 1,006), the PIH group (n = 131), and the PE group (n = 41). The information on age, weight, body mass index (BMI), number of embryos, gravidity, parity, and OCM-related indicators (serum level of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12; MTHFR C677T genotype) was collected.ResultsThe accuracy of the prediction model based on the screened independent risk factors (hyperhomocysteine, OR = 1.170, 95% CI = 1.061–1.291; high folate status, OR = 1.018, 95% CI = 0.999–1.038; and high BMI, OR = 1.216, 95% CI = 1.140–1.297) for PIH in subjects with MTHFR CC genotype (AUC = 0.802) was obviously higher than that in subjects with MTHFR CT, TT genotype (AUC = 0.684,0.685, respectively) by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The homocysteine level of the PIH group was significantly higher than that of the normotensive group only in subjects with the MTHFR CC genotype (p = 0.005). A negative correlation between homocysteine and folate appeared in subjects with MTHFR CT + TT genotype (p = 0.005). A model including multiple embryos, nulliparas, and lower folate could predict the process from PIH to PE (AUC = 0.781, p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionThe prediction model composed of homocysteine, folate, and BMI for PIH was suitable for subjects with MTHFR CC genotype in pregnant women with supplementation of folate and vitamin B12. Lower folate levels could be an independent risk factor in developing the process from PIH to PE.
Ferroportin depletes iron needed for cell cycle progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Belvin Benjamin Ross , Lewis Janina P. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionFerroportin (FPN), the only identified eukaryotic iron efflux channel, plays an important role in iron homeostasis and is downregulated in many cancers. To determine if iron related pathways are important for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) progression and proliferation, we utilize a model of FPN over-expression to simulate iron depletion and probe associated molecular pathways.MethodsThe state of iron related proteins and ferroptosis sensitivity was assessed in a panel of metastatic HNSCC cell lines. Stable, inducible expression of FPN was confirmed in the metastatic HNSCC lines HN12 and JHU-022 as well as the non-transformed normal oral keratinocyte (NOK) cell line and the effect of FPN mediated iron depletion was assessed in these cell lines.ResultsHNSCC cells are sensitive to iron chelation and ferroptosis, but the non-transformed NOK cell line is not. We found that FPN expression inhibits HNSCC cell proliferation and colony formation but NOK cells are unaffected. Inhibition of cell proliferation is rescued by the addition of hepcidin. Decreases in proliferation are due to the disruption of iron homeostasis via loss of labile iron caused by elevated FPN levels. This in turn protects HNSCC cells from ferroptotic cell death. Expression of FPN induces DNA damage, activates p21, and reduces levels of cyclin proteins thereby inhibiting cell cycle progression of HNSCC cells, arresting cells in the S-phase. Induction of FPN severely inhibits Edu incorporation and increased β-galactosidase activity, indicating cells have entered senescence. Finally, in an oral orthotopic mouse xenograft model, FPN induction yields a significant decrease in tumor growth.ConclusionsOur results indicate that iron plays a role in HNSCC cell proliferation and growth and is important for cell cycle progression. Iron based interventional strategies such as ferroptosis or iron chelation may have potential therapeutic benefits in advanced HNSCC.
Analytical exploratory tool for healthcare professionals to monitor cancer patients’ progress
Authors: Valero-Ramon Zoe , Fernandez-Llatas Carlos , Collantes Gonzalo , Valdivieso Bernardo , Billis Antonis , Bamidis Panagiotis , Traver Vicente 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionCancer is a primary public concern in the European continent. Due to the large case numbers and survival rates, a significant population is living with cancer needs. Consequently, health professionals must deal with complex treatment decision-making processes. In this context, a large quantity of data is collected during cancer care delivery. Once collected, these data are complex for health professionals to access to support clinical decision-making and performance review. There is a need for innovative tools that make clinical data more accessible to support cancer health professionals in these activities.MethodsFollowing a co-creation, an interactive approach thanks to the Interactive Process Mining paradigm, and data from a tertiary hospital, we developed an exploratory tool to present cancer patients' progress over time.ResultsThis work aims to collect and report the process of developing an exploratory analytical Interactive Process Mining tool with clinical relevance for healthcare professionals for monitoring cancer patients' care processes in the context of the LifeChamps project together with a graphical and navigable Process Indicator in the context of prostate cancer patients.DiscussionThe tool presented includes Process Mining techniques to infer actual processes and present understandable results visually and navigable, looking for different types of patients, trajectories, and behaviors.
Genomic and clinical features of endoplasmic reticulum stress factor in digestive system pan-cancer studies
Authors: Yao Sheng , Yu Yuanquan , Xu Liyi , Pan Xiang 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionDigestive system pan-cancer is one of the lethal malignant tumors, which have the propensity for poor prognosis and difficult treatment. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has served as a pivotal role in the progression of the tumor, while the implication of ER stress on digestive system pan-cancers still needs elucidation, especially from the perspective of clinical outcome and that of genomic features.MethodsFirst, Among the ER STRESS factors from the REACTOME_UNFOLDED_PROTEIN_RESPONSE_UPR (113 genes) and HALLMARK_UNFOLDED_PROTEIN_RESPONSE (92 genes) terms, 153 ER STRESS regulators were identified after removing replicates. The somatic mutation data and copy number variation data of gastrointestinal pan-cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, we explored the clinical outcome and genetic mutation of ER stress-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by multiple bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, we analyzed the Spearman correlation between the drug sensitivity of 179 gastrointestinal anticancer drugs and the transcriptional expression of 153 ER stress factors in 769 cancer cell lines of the GDSC2 cohort. Next, ssGSEA method was used to quantify the immune cell infiltration scores in the tumor microenvironment, and Spearman correlation was used to calculate the correlation between ER stress scores and immune cell infiltration. Finally, we analyzed the cellular origin of ER stress factor dysregulation.ResultsWe analyzed the genomic changes and clinical outcomes of ER stress factors in different tumors of gastrointestinal pan-cancer. Endoplasmic reticulum stress factor (ER) in digestive tract tumors showed high SNV mutation frequency, less methylation dysregulation and was associated with multiple oncogenic pathways. Endoplasmic reticulum stress factor (ER) is a risk factor for many cancers, but the effect on overall survival in rectal adenocarcinoma is opposite to that in other gastrointestinal tumors. And ER stress factors are highly correlated with drugs that target important pathways.DiscussionBased on the clinical prognosis and genomic analysis of ER stress-related factors in patients with gastrointestinal pan-cancer, this study provides a new direction for further research on gastrointestinal pan-cancer.
The role of surgery in advanced thymic tumors: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Qi Weifeng , Tian Hui 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThere is no definitive and detailed treatment guideline for advanced thymic tumors, thus when lymph node and other organ metastasis are present, clinical guidelines recommend chemotherapy-based multidisciplinary treatment. A consensus has been reached that surgery has beneficial effects on partial patients with stage IVA whose metastatic lesions were isolated and resectable, but because of few cases of advanced thymic tumor s and the scarcity of reports, the role of surgery in stage IVB is still unknown. The current study aimed to systematically analyze the role of surgery in advanced thymic tumors based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, with a sufficient number of cases. A secondary aim was to clarify the prognostic value of surgery in advanced thymic tumors.MethodData derived from a total of 979 patients with advanced thymoma or advanced thymic carcinoma were collected from the SEER database. Propensity score matching was performed to eliminate confounding factors, and Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess prognoses.ResultsPatients were assigned to four groups based on pathology and whether surgery was performed; thymoma (surgery), thymoma (no surgery), thymic carcinom a (surgery), and thymic carcinoma (no surgery). Disease-specific survival differed significantly in the thymoma (surgery) and thymoma (no surgery) groups, both before and after propensity score matching (both p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, disease-specific survival differed significantly in the thymic carcinoma (surgery) and the thymic carcinoma (no surgery) groups (p &lt; 0.001 before and p = 0.003 after). No total resection, distant metastasis, and thymic carcinoma were all unfavorable prognostic factors.ConclusionsIn the present study surgery had positive effects on advanced thymoma and advanced thymic carcinoma patients who could undergo surgical resection, significantly improving survival times. Total resection of the primary site was the most advantageous form of surgery. The study provides a reference for the clinical treatment of advanced thymic tumors.
Diagnostic value of plasma RNF180 gene methylation for gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Tongxin , Zhang Yating , Wang Jianrong , Li Yumin 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveA systematic evaluation of the diagnostic value of Ring finger protein 180 (RNF180) gene methylation as a novel tumor marker for gastric cancer (GC) is required to improve the early diagnosis of gastric cancer patients.MethodsComputer searches of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, National Research Register, Cclinical Controlled Trials, Opengrey and VIP databases were conducted from the database’s inception to September 1, 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted information, and assessed the risk of bias in studies that were included. The meta-analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 16.0 software.ResultsA total of 9 studies with a total of 1531 subjects were included. A random-effects meta-analysis revealed that the combined sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of plasma RNF180 gene methylation for the diagnosis of GC were: 0.54 [95% CI (0.45, 0.62)], 0.80 [95% CI (0.72, 0.87)], 2.73 [95% CI (2.09, 3.57)], 0.58 [95% CI (0.51, 0.65)], 4.74 [95% CI (3.59, 6.62)], respectively.ConclusionThe detection of RNF180 gene methylation in plasma has a high diagnostic value for GC and is expected to be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer, according to current evidence. Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=370903, identifier CRD42022370903.
Frequent torsades de pointes in a child with novel AKAP9 mutation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Yefeng , Zuo Chao , Wang Xiang , Xiao Yunbin , Liu Qiming , Chen Zhi 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe aim of the present study is to report the diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of frequent torsades de pointes (Tdp) in a child with a novel AKAP9 mutation. A 13-year-old girl suffered from repeated syncope and frequent Tdp. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed frequent multisource premature ventricular contractions with the R-ON-T phenomenon. The QTc ranged from 410 to 468 ms. The genetic test indicated a heterozygous mutation, namely, c.11714T &gt; C (p.M3905T), in the AKAP9 gene, which is a controversial gene in long QT syndrome. After treatment with propranolol, recurrent syncope occurred, and the patient received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Due to frequent electrical storms at home, the child was additionally treated with propafenone to prevent arrhythmia. The antitachycardia pacing (ATP) function in the ICD was turned off, and the threshold of ventricular tachycardia (VT) assessment was adjusted from 180 beats/min to 200 beats/min. The patient was followed up for 12 months without malignant arrhythmia and electric shock.ConclusionGenetic testing may be a useful tool to determine the origin of channelopathy, but the results should be interpreted in combination with the actual situation. Rational parameter settings for the ICD and application of antiarrhythmic drugs can reduce the mortality rates of children.