bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4221: Aflatoxin exposure in a population-based representative sample of adults in Mexico in 2018
Authors: Monge Adriana , McGlynn Katherine , Santiago-Ruiz Luis , Remes-Troche Jose Maria , Hernandez-Flores Karina , Villapando-Hernandez Salvador , Romero Martin , Groopman John , Lajous Martin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Importance: Southern Mexico and Guatemala, together represent the region with the highest liver cancer burden in the Americas. There is a higher burden of liver cancer in rural regions in eastern and southern Mexico and remarkably there is an equal number of cases in men and women. Reasons for this increased burden are not clear, but previous studies of food samples have found that contamination of maize with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a potent liver carcinogen, is common in the region while HBV and HCV seroprevalence is less than 0.5%. Few examinations of AFB1 levels in persons have been conducted.
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of exposure and circulating levels AFB1 in a representative sample of adults living in five regions across Mexico.
Study Design: We randomly selected a subsample of 955 adults ≥40 years who participated in Mexico’s National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018 (ENSANUT). These residents were from five states in eastern and southern Mexico and all provided a venous blood sample. We assessed AFB1 levels as pg AFB1-lys/µL in serum using mass spectrometry. The limits of detection and quantification were both 0.010 pg/μL.
Results: The mean age of participants was 56 years (± SD 11.7) and 54% were female. The overall prevalence of AFB1-lys detection was 92% (95% confidence intervals; 95%CI 88, 94%). The region with the lowest prevalence, 88% (95%CI 78, 94%), was Chiapas and the region with the highest prevalence was Veracruz 95% (95%CI 84, 98). Median AFB1 was 0.127 pg AFB1-lys/µL (interquartile range; IQR 0.054, 0.446) with a range from 0.066 (IQR, 0.033, 0.147) in Yucatán to 0.476 (IQR, 0.199, 1.355) in Veracruz. AFB1 exposure levels were higher in persons aged ≥60 years, men, and participants living in rural areas. We observed decreasing levels of AFB1 exposure with increasing socioeconomic status.
Conclusions: In a representative sample of adults in eastern and southern Mexico we observed a high prevalence of exposure to AFB1. For certain regions, AFB1 levels are comparable to those in Guatemala. These results suggest that AFB1 may be related to the increased burden of liver cancer in eastern and southern Mexico.
Citation Format: Adriana Monge, Katherine McGlynn, Luis Santiago-Ruiz, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Karina Hernandez-Flores, Salvador Villapando-Hernandez, Martin Romero, John Groopman, Martin Lajous. Aflatoxin exposure in a population-based representative sample of adults in Mexico in 2018. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4221.
Abstract 4242: High sugar food consumption and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Shin Woo-Kyoung , Huang Dan , la Torre Katherine De , Min Sukhong , Shin Aesun , Lee Jong-koo , Han Wonshik , Lee Jung Eun , Kang Daehee 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The association between excessive sugar intake and the risk of breast cancer has been considered in epidemiologic studied, however, the results are unclear. This study examined to evaluated between high-sugar food intake and breast cancer in a prospective cohort study.
Methods: This prospective cohort study included a total of 71,266 women aged 40-69 years from the Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study between 2004 and 2013. Information on cancer diagnosis was retrieved from the Korea Central Cancer Registry until 31 December 2018. Multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% of confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of gastric cancer according to the consumption of high-sugar food were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models with age as the time scale.
Results: A total of 713 incident cases of breast cancer occurred over an average follow-up period of 9.20 years. The top food contributing to total sugar intake was fruit (42.89%). We found that increased consumption of sugary cereal was associated with increased risk of breast cancer; HR for sugary cereal consumption of more than one servings/two months vs. almost never consumed was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.65; p for trend = 0.01). Also, consumption of loaf bread (p for trend = 0.03), ice cream (HR for ice cream consumption of more than one servings/week vs. almost never consumed = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.58; p for trend = 0.03), and added sugar food (HR for all sugary food groups consumption of more than two servings/week vs. less than one serving/month consumed =1.28; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.61; p for trend = 0.05) was associated with increased risk of breast cancer.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that a high-sugar food consumption was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among Korean women.
Key words: Sugar, High-sugar foods, Breast cancer, the Health Examinees (HEXA) study, prospective cohort study.
Citation Format: Woo-Kyoung Shin, Dan Huang, Katherine De la Torre, Sukhong Min, Aesun Shin, Jong-koo Lee, Wonshik Han, Jung Eun Lee, Daehee Kang. High sugar food consumption and breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4242.
Abstract 4338: Response to neoadjuvant targeted therapy in operable head and neck cancer confers survival benefit
Authors: Mascarella Marco Antonio , Olonisakin Tolani , Rumde Purva , Vendra Varun , Nance Melonie , Kim Seungwon , Kubik Mark , Sridharan Shaum , Ferris Robert , Fenton Moon , Clayburgh Daniel , Ohr James , Sen Malabika , Joyce Sonali , Herman James , Grandis Jennifer , Zandberg Dan , Duvvuri Umamaheswar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Neoadjuvant targeted therapy provides a brief, preoperative ‘window of opportunity’ that can be exploited to individualize cancer care based on treatment response. We investigated whether response to neoadjuvant therapy during the preoperative window confers survival benefit in patients with operable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Patients and Methods: A pooled analysis of treatment naïve patients with operable HNSCC enrolled in one of three clinical trials from 2009-2020 (NCT00779389, NCT01218048, NCT02473731). Neoadjuvant regimens consisted of EGFR inhibitors (n=83) or anti-ErbB3 antibody therapy (n=9) within 28 days of surgery. Clinical to pathologic stage migration was compared to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) while adjusting for confounding factors using multivariable Cox regression. Circulating tumor markers validated in other solid tumor models were analyzed.
Results: 92 of 118 patients were analyzed; all patients underwent surgery following neoadjuvant therapy. Clinical to pathologic downstaging was more frequent in patients undergoing neoadjuvant targeted therapy compared to a historic cohort without neoadjuvant therapy (P=0.048). Patients with pathologic downstage migration had the highest OS (89.5%, 95% CI 75.7-100) compared to those with no stage change (58%, 95% CI 46.2-69.8) or upstage (40%, 95% CI 9.6-70.4, P=0.003). On multivariable analysis, downstage migration remained a positive prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio 0.22, 95% CI 0.05-0.90) while adjusting for measured confounders. Downstage migration correlated with decreased circulating tumor markers, SOX17 and TAC1 (P=0.0078).
Conclusion: Brief neoadjuvant therapy achieved pathologic downstaging in a subset of patients and was associated with significantly better DFS and OS as well as decreased circulating methylated SOX17 and TAC1.
Citation Format: Marco Antonio Mascarella, Tolani Olonisakin, Purva Rumde, Varun Vendra, Melonie Nance, Seungwon Kim, Mark Kubik, Shaum Sridharan, Robert Ferris, Moon Fenton, Daniel Clayburgh, James Ohr, Malabika Sen, Sonali Joyce, James Herman, Jennifer Grandis, Dan Zandberg, Umamaheswar Duvvuri. Response to neoadjuvant targeted therapy in operable head and neck cancer confers survival benefit. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4338.
Abstract 4370: How much time is needed to complete quality of life assessments in oncology trials? - Metadata analysis
Authors: Marszewska Jowita , Hughes Lindsay 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Digitalization in clinical trials introduced electronic data collection. Participants in diverse environments can use electronic devices to report their experiences with the drug by completing patient reported outcome assessments (ePROs). Quality of life (QOL) reports describe how a patient feels or functions during a treatment with a new drug. For oncology trials, QOL data is needed to prove the treatment effect and support a labeling claim.
Methods: The literature search in the Web of Science for articles containing QOL keyword found ten articles with the highest number of citations. QOL instruments relevant to cancer research were identified based on the literature search. Form completion times corresponding to the cancer-specific instruments were identified and analyzed using a metadata of 948 instruments and 17,234,458 assessment submissions.
Results: Three general QOL measures in oncology trials were identified: the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Fatigue (FACIT-F), and SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Median times of form completion in seconds (s) increased in the following order: FACIT-F &lt; EORTC QLQ-C30 &lt; SF-36v2 and were equal to 105 s &lt; 213 s &lt; 386 s. Metadata analysis showed that participants spent less than two minutes on completion of the FACIT-F assessment, which is only 18% of the estimated completion time of 10 minutes. Metadata analysis showed that it took participants three and a half minutes to complete the EORTC QLQ-C30 assessment, which is roughly one third of the estimated completion time of 11 minutes. The completion time for SF-36v2 fell within the estimated range of 5 to 10 minutes.
Conclusions: Properly selected QOL instruments facilitate collection of the right data for demonstration of a treatment benefit. It is recommended to include a general oncology and a disease specific QOL instrument to show the treatment’s success of improving patient’s QOL. At the same time, the completion of the instruments should not be burdensome considering disease progression characteristic for oncology studies.
Citation Format: Jowita Marszewska, Lindsay Hughes. How much time is needed to complete quality of life assessments in oncology trials? - Metadata analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4370.
Abstract 4381: Predictive risk factors for cancer thrombosis in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Park Song Ee , Jung Moon Ki , Hwang In Gyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is strongly associated cancer thromboembolism. We aimed to identify the Khorana risk score (KRS) and other risk factors for cancer thromboembolism in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy.
Methods We reviewed 610 gastric patients, who had undergone D2 radical gastrectomy between January 2005 and December 2017. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression models were used to evaluate for independent predictor of cumulative incidence of cancer thromboembolism and survival.
Results The median follow up was 67.0 months. There were 35 (5.7%) caner thromboembolism. The cumulative incidences of thromboembolism were 6.1%, 3.1%, 3.3%, and 20.7% in stages I, II, III, IV. 181 (29.7%) patients were relapsed cancer and 159 (26.1%) patients were died. A high KRS (cumulative incidence 5.8%) was not associated with cancer thromboembolism compared to an intermediate KRS (cumulative 5.7%) (HR=1.005, 95% CI = 0.540-2.061, P= 0.876). After gastrectomy, recurrent cancer (cumulative incidence 9.9%) was associated with cancer thromboembolism compared to no recurrence (cumulative incidence 4.0%) (HR 3.713, 95% CI 1.879-7.335, P &lt; 0.001).
Conclusions Recurrent gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy were significantly increased cancer thromboembolism risk compared to no recurrent cancer patients. Among patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy, KRS did not stratify the patients at high risk of cancer thromboembolism.
Citation Format: Song Ee Park, Moon Ki Jung, In Gyu Hwang. Predictive risk factors for cancer thrombosis in gastric cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4381.
Abstract 4404: Survival impact and trends of immunotherapy use in metastatic merkel cell carcinoma in the checkpoint era: analysis of a large database
Authors: Grant Christopher R. , Hagopian Garo , Brazel Danielle , Kumar Priyanka , Moyers Justin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer that has typically been treated with conventional chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. In 2017, metastatic MCC treatment options expanded when the FDA approved immune checkpoint inhibitors based on single-arm uncontrolled studies. We utilized data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to examine the survival benefit of first line immunotherapy (IO) or chemotherapy (CT) in metastatic MCC.
Methods: The NCDB was analyzed to identify patients with metastatic MCC from 2017-2020. Patients who did not have data available on AJCC version 8 staging group, survival status, and treatment details (surgery, radiation therapy, CT, IO) were excluded from the analysis. Patients were divided into cohorts based on first line systemic therapy; those who received chemotherapy and those who received immunotherapy. Survival time was calculated from the time of initiation of systemic treatment to last contact or death. Overall survival (OS) was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-ranked method.
Results: We identified 648 patients with stage IV MCC between 2017-2020. Of those, 15.3% (n=99) received CT, 51.7% (n=335) received IO, and 32.9% (n=213) did not receive systemic therapy. Median OS was 13.2 (95% CI: 10.1-16.2) months for those receiving any systemic therapy. Median OS was 13.8 (95% CI: 7.9-19.7) months for CT and 12.9 (95% CI: 9.6-16.2) months for immunotherapy (p=0.379). In the first year of IO approval in 2017, only 37.4% of patients received IO which increased to 54.5% in 2018, 59.6% in 2019, and 54.9% in 2020. Chemotherapy use decreased throughout the same time period from 23.9% in 2017 to 12.4% in 2020. There was a notable difference in the number of patients less than 65 years old who received IO (66%) relative to the number of patients 65 years and older who received IO (80%) (p=0.006).
Discussion: Immunotherapy has supplanted chemotherapy as the first line treatment of choice in MCC, particularly in those 65 and older. However, we did not find first line use of immunotherapy to provide a statistically significant survival advantage over chemotherapy in stage IV Merkel cell carcinoma. Clinical equipoise exists, and a randomized clinical trial is needed.
Citation Format: Christopher R. Grant, Garo Hagopian, Danielle Brazel, Priyanka Kumar, Justin Moyers. Survival impact and trends of immunotherapy use in metastatic merkel cell carcinoma in the checkpoint era: analysis of a large database. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4404.
Abstract 4409: Survival determinants of aggressive adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL): analysis of a pooled database
Authors: Gupta Supriya , Graham Christopher , Haddad Philip A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma subtype caused by Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1 (HTLV-1). The disease encompasses a vast phenotype ranging from the smoldering and chronic indolent subtypes to the lymphoma and acute aggressive subtypes. Aggressive ATLL which comprise acute/leukemic, lymphoma, and other indolent subtypes with aggressive transformation tend to have poor outcome with conventional chemotherapy rarely achieving durable lasting remission. We conducted this pooled database analysis to identify key factors that affect the clinical outcomes of aggressive ATLL subtypes.
Methods: To study the demographic characteristics, molecular and immunohistochemical signatures, therapeutic interventions, survival, and prognostic factors, we compiled a pooled database of 462 ATLL cases. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed. Cox proportional hazards model and Log-rank tests were used to assess the influence of demographic and clinicopathologic factors on the overall survival (OS).
Results: Three hundred and forty-seven aggressive ATLL patients with survival data were included in this analysis. The median OS of the whole group was 14 months, with a median OS of 12.8, 16, and 12 months for acute, lymphoma, and transformed subtypes. The median age was 54 years, with a M:F ratio of 1.1. SCT demonstrated superior OS compared to chemotherapy (28 vs. 10 months, p&lt;0.0001). Similarly, LSG15 regimens were superior to no chemotherapy and other combinations (29 vs. 1 vs. 15 months, p&lt;0.0001). Asians and Afro-Caribbeans lived longer than Whites, Indians, and Hispanics (15.7, 15, 10, 3, 1 months, p&lt;0.0001, respectively). The presence of hypercalcemia (Ca&gt;11 mg/dl, Anemia (Hgb&lt;12 g/dl), elevated LDH (&gt;1000 U/L), and effusions adversely effected OS. Moreover, visceral involvement generally and specifically GI, kidney, lung, and heart were significantly detrimental to OS. However, age, sex and the presence of constitutional symptoms or HAM/TSP did not impact the OS.
Conclusions: This study explored a wide array of clinical factors and their impact on the OS of aggressive ATLL. It identified race, types of treatment, the presence of hypercalcemia, anemia, elevated LDH, effusion and visceral metastases as significant determinants of OS in aggressive ATLL.
Citation Format: Supriya Gupta, Christopher Graham, Philip A. Haddad. Survival determinants of aggressive adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL): analysis of a pooled database. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4409.
Abstract 4452: FASN inhibition overcomes immune evasion by upregulating MHC-I in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Jiao , Tsang Wai Ying , Fang Xiaona , Zhang Yu , Luo Jie , Gong Lanqi , Zhang Baifeng , Wong Ching Ngar , Liu Beilei , Huang Jinlin , Yang Yuma , Liu Shan , Li Zhihong , Guan Xinyuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Immune evasion is one of the important factors leading to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Restricted antigen presentation by decrease of MHC-I remains a huge barrier to triggering an immune attack. However, knowledge is limited on how to enhance antigen presentation of cancer cells. Here we identify that FASN inhibition by shRNA and inhibitors could boost MHC-I level on HCC cell surface. FASN deficiency also promotes antigen presentation and augments CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, FASN knock-down decreases the degradation of MHC-I in lysosomes. Moreover, ZDHHC3-mediated palmitoylation participates in this process. In vivo, orthotopic HCC mouse model shows that Fasn knock-down greatly improves the cytotoxicity of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and suppresses HCC tumor growth, indicating that inhibiting FASN is a promising way to enhance the efficiency of immunotherapy in HCC.
Citation Format: Jiao Huang, Wai Ying Tsang, Xiaona Fang, Yu Zhang, Jie Luo, Lanqi Gong, Baifeng Zhang, Ching Ngar Wong, Beilei Liu, Jinlin Huang, Yuma Yang, Shan Liu, Zhihong Li, Xinyuan Guan. FASN inhibition overcomes immune evasion by upregulating MHC-I in hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4452.
Abstract 4478: Up284, A small molecule inhibitor of ADRM1 demonstrates significant anti-tumor efficacy in preclinical models of aggressive breast cancer
Authors: Karanam Balasubramanyam , Anchoori Ravi , Chang Yung-Nien , Martini Rachel , Rowdo Florencia Madorsky , Davis Melissa B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBCs) is a highly aggressive and metastatic disease and remains clinically challenging breast cancer subtype with worst prognosis. Due to its exceeding heterogeneity, absence of the AR, ER, PR, Her2 receptors and lack of established therapeutic targets, QNBC is hard to treat cancer and recurs rapidly with standard chemo regimen. QNBC demonstrated vulnerability to proteasome inhibition due to their higher metabolic needs. But FDA approved 20S proteasome inhibitors failed to treat solid tumors including QNBC. Hence, developing an effective strategy to overcome the limitations associated with current 20S proteasome inhibitors is mandated to provide alternate treatment options for QNBC patients. Preclinical, Up Therapeutics lead candidate small molecule inhibitor Up284 has shown significant tumor growth inhibition as a single agent in animal models. To explore potential synergy of Up284 with other therapeutic agents, we conducted the in vivo combination experiments. In this work, we present ADRM1 amplification in QNBC tumors, identification of a small molecule selective inhibitor of ADRM1, Up284 (Up Therapeutics), Up284 demonstrated efficacy against panel of BC cell lines and patient derived organoids. In vivo combination results for Up284 with widely used BC standard-of care chemotherapy regimen demonstrated strong in vivo synergy in tumor mouse syngeneic models. Taken together, these data demonstrated combination synergy of a small molecule ADRM1 inhibitor with other agents. These results pave the road for potential clinical evaluation of combination treatment of QNBC in patients.
Citation Format: Balasubramanyam Karanam, Ravi Anchoori, Yung-Nien Chang, Rachel Martini, Florencia Madorsky Rowdo, Melissa B. Davis. Up284, A small molecule inhibitor of ADRM1 demonstrates significant anti-tumor efficacy in preclinical models of aggressive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4478.