bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scale‐up analysis of geometrically dissimilar single‐use bioreactors
Authors: Kreitmayer Diana , Gopireddy Srikanth R. , Aki Yuichi , Nonaka Koichi , Urbanetz Nora A. , Gutheil Eva 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCell culture scale‐up is a challenging task due to the simultaneous change of multiple hydrodynamic process characteristics and their different dependencies on the bioreactor size as well as variation in the requirements of individual cell lines. Conventionally, the volumetric power input is the most common parameter to select the impeller speed for scale‐up, however, it is well reported that this approach fails when there are huge differences in bioreactor scales. In this study, different scale‐up criteria are evaluated. At first, different hydrodynamic characteristics are assessed using computational fluid dynamics data for four single‐use bioreactors, the Mobius® CellReady 3 L, the Xcellerex™ XDR‐10, the Xcellerex™ XDR‐200, and the Xcellerex™ XDR‐2000. On the basis of this numerical data, several potential scale‐up criteria such as volumetric power input, impeller tip speed, mixing time, maximum hydrodynamic stress, and average strain rate in the impeller zone are evaluated. Out of all these criteria, the latter is found to be most appropriate, and the successful scale‐up from 3 to 10 L bioreactor and to 200 L bioreactor is confirmed with cell culture experiments using Chinese Hamster Ovary cell cultivation.
Comparison of IDA, SWATH, and MSALL techniques in the analysis of compounds of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction by UHPLC–Q‐TOF–MS
Authors: Fan Zhuoyu , Guan Jiao , Tang Xinmiao , Ge Shengyu , Shen Guanghai , Li Lele , Zhu Heyun , Feng Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction (HGWD) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which is used for treating blood arthralgia in the clinic. However, its material basis has not been studied yet. Herein, a new and highly sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole‐time of flight–MS (UHPLC–Q‐TOF–MS) technique is proposed and used for the high‐resolution and accurate identification of the material basis of HGWD. Seventy‐eight compounds have been identified in HGWD. The advantages of information‐dependent acquisition (IDA), sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment‐ion spectra (SWATH), and MSALL in the quantitative and qualitative analyses of compounds were compared. For the identification of compounds, the best mode with the highest accuracy is the IDA. For the quantification of compounds, MSALL shows the best repeatability and linearity. This research provides a theoretical basis for the study of quality control of traditional Chinese medicine preparations.
Recent advancements in biomedical application of polylactic acid/graphene nanocomposites: An overview
Authors: Adekoya Gbolahan Joseph , Ezika Anthony Chidi , Adekoya Oluwasegun Chijioke , Sadiku Emmanuel Rotimi , Hamam Yskandar , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA)‐graphene nanocomposites have attracted significant attention in the biomedical field because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and excellent mechanical properties. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent developments in the biomedical applications of PLA/graphene nanocomposites. The discussed applications include tissue engineering, drug delivery, biomedical imaging and sensing, antimicrobial and anticancer treatments, and photothermal and photodynamic therapies. The properties and synthesis of these nanocomposites are also addressed. This review shows that although significant advancements have been made in the development of biomedical applications for PLA/graphene nanocomposites, further research is still required to overcome the existing challenges and limitations, such as improving biocompatibility and biodegradability and optimizing synthesis and processing methods. Despite these challenges, the potential of PLA/graphene nanocomposites in the biomedical field is significant and holds promise for future advancements.
Eye movement patterns during viewing face images with neutral expressions in patients with early‐stage Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Eraslan Boz Hatice , Koçoğlu Koray , Akkoyun Müge , Tüfekci Işıl Yağmur , Ekin Merve , Akdal Gülden 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology affects the brain regions responsible for visuospatial skills. Accumulating evidence points to visual difficulties involving face processing in AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). No study has so far examined eye movement patterns when viewing faces with neutral expressions in patients with AD.AimThe objective of this study aimed to examine the eye movements of patients with early‐stage AD, aMCI, and healthy controls (HC) during viewing face images.Materials&MethodsThirty‐one AD, 37 aMCI, and 33 HC were included in the study. Eye movements in facial stimuli were recorded with the EyeLink 1000 Plus eye‐tracker.ResultsOur findings showed that AD patients looked less at the eye area of interest than the nose and mouth areas of interest compared to aMCI and HC. Regardless of the group, all participants looked at the eye and nose areas of interest more and longer in the mouth area of interest. In addition, the first fixation duration to the eye area of interest of all participants was shorter than that of the nose and mouth.DiscussionConsistent with our study, studies in healthy adults revealed eye movement patterns that focused more on the eyes and nose. AD patients are unable to pay attention to the salient parts of faces, tending to focus instead on the non‐informative parts.ConclusionOur study is the first to reveal eye movement differences in face processing in AD.
Nexus between corporate environmental disclosures and gender diversity: Interaction effects of board independence
Authors: Arora Akshita , Aliani Khaoula 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study examines the impact of gender diversity (GD) in the board of directors on corporate environmental disclosures (ED). It develops an integrative theoretical framework to explore diverse facets of the nexus of GD and ED. Using Indian‐listed firms for a sample period of 2015 to 2021, panel models have been used to validate the theoretical assumptions of the study. The empirical results reveal that women directors improve ED. Moreover, the role of women in driving environmental disclosure becomes evident only after achieving a critical mass of three directors. Our research contributes to the literature using board independence as moderator, for the first time in this context, and it was found that it moderates GD–ED relationship significantly. The findings could be beneficial for policymakers and regulators to recognize how GD is vital to firms to achieve best environmental practices. More initiatives may be deployed to reinforce women's representation in boardrooms for enhancing ED. Our study is one of the foremost studies to examine the impact of board GD on ED based on gender socialization, critical mass, and resource dependency theoretical framework.
Monitoring of gastrointestinal carcinoma via molecular residual disease with circulating tumor DNA using a tumor‐informed assay
Authors: Qi Zining , Li Yi , Wang ZhengKun , Tan Xuerong , Zhou Yixuan , Li Zhendong , Zhao Weirong , Zheng Xin , Yao Jicheng , Li Feng , Wang Weifeng , Wang Zhizheng , Pang Fei , Wang Gang , Gu Weiguang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA)‐based minimal residual disease (MRD) detection, which can identify disease relapse ahead of radiological imaging, has shown promising performance. The objective of this study was to develop and validate OriMIRACLE S (Minimal Residual Circulating Nucleic Acid Longitudinal Detection in Solid Tumor), a highly sensitive and specific tumor‐informed assay for MRD detection.MethodsTumor‐specific somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were identified via whole exome sequencing of tumor tissue and matched germline DNA. Clonal SNVs were selected using the OriSelector algorithm for patient‐specific, multiplex PCR‐based NGS assays in MRD detection. Plasma‐free DNA from patients with gastrointestinal tumors prior to and following an operation, and during monitoring, were ultradeep sequenced.ResultsThe detection of three positive sites was sufficient to achieve nearly 100% overall sample level sensitivity and specificity and was determined by calculating binomial probability based on customized panels containing 21 to 30 variants. A total of 127 patients with gastrointestinal tumors were enrolled in our study. Preoperatively, MRD was positive in 18 of 26 patients (69.23%). Following surgery, MRD was positive in 24 of 82 patients (29.27%). The positivity rate for MRD was 33.33% (n = 18) for gastric adenocarcinoma and 32.26% (n = 62) for colorectal cancer. Twenty (20) of 59 patients (34.48%) experienced a change in MRD status over the monitoring period. Patients 8 and 31 responded to 3 cycles of systemic therapy, after which levels for all ctDNA dropped below the detection limit. Patient 53 was an example of using MRD to predict tumor metastasis. Patient 55 showed a weak response to treatments first and respond to new systemic therapy after tumor progression.ConclusionOur study identified a sensitive and specific clinical detection method for low frequency ctDNA, and explored the detection performance of this technology in gastrointestinal tumors.
School‐ and community‐based counselling services for children and young people aged 7–18 in the UK: A rapid review of effectiveness, implementation and acceptability
Authors: Copeland Lauren , Willis Simone , Hewitt Gillian , Edwards Amy , Jones Siôn , Page Nicholas , Murphy Simon , Evans Rhiannon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionProvision of school‐ and community‐based counselling services differs in terms of funding, implementation and eligibility criteria across the UK. The existing evidence of the effectiveness of counselling services is mixed, with little consideration of service context, implementation or acceptability. This rapid review seeks to address the gaps in the extant evidence syntheses by exploring the effectiveness, implementation and acceptability of school‐ and community‐based counselling services in the UK.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in five electronic databases. Grey literature searches were conducted in 23 national government and third‐sector organisational websites. The searches focussed on studies examining counselling interventions aimed at children aged 7–18 years that examined either effectiveness, implementation, acceptability or context.ResultsFifty‐four studies were included in the review. The few RCT studies suggest that there is no clear evidence of effectiveness of the therapeutic approach, due to mixed findings. There is some tentative evidence for weaker study designs that counselling may have positive impacts across different settings. The service is highly valued by learners, teachers and parents and is believed to improve well‐being; however, it is often seen as a discrete service that is not well‐embedded within the education system.ConclusionsThere is mixed evidence for the effectiveness of school‐ and community‐based counselling. However, this needs to be understood in the context of acceptability and implementation. Future work is needed to improve the implementation of services by considering the wider complexity of the systems in which these services are embedded.
3D facial attractiveness prediction based on deep feature fusion
Authors: Liu Yu , Huang Enquan , Zhou Ziyu , Wang Kexuan , Liu Shu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFacial attractiveness prediction is an important research topic in the computer vision community. It not only contributes to the development of interdisciplinary research in psychology and sociology, but also provides fundamental technical support for applications like aesthetic medicine and social media. With the advances in 3D data acquisition and feature representation, this paper aims to investigate the facial attractiveness from deep learning and three‐dimensional perspectives. The 3D faces are first processed to unwrap the texture images and refine the raw meshes. The feature extraction networks for texture, point cloud, and mesh are then delicately designed, considering the characteristics of different types of data. A more discriminative face representation is derived by feature fusion for the final attractiveness prediction. During network training, the cyclical learning rate with an improved range test is introduced, so as to alleviate the difficulty in hyperparameter setting. Extensive experiments are conducted on a 3D FAP benchmark, where the results demonstrate the significance of deep feature fusion and enhanced learning rate in cooperatively facilitating the performance. Specifically, the fusion of texture image and point cloud achieves the best overall prediction, with PC, MAE, and RMSE of 0.7908, 0.4153, and 0.5231, respectively.
Mg‐Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles: A Brief Review on Synthesis, Characterizations, and Applications
Authors: Thakur Preeti , Kumari Sonam , Singh Satyendra , Ravelo Blaise , Wan Fayu , Thakur Atul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFerrites are of great interest for both fundamental science and technological applications due to their outstanding physical, chemical, and magnetic properties. Among various ferrites, Mg‐Zn ferrites is one of the best magnetic materials for researchers due to their unique properties such as high electric resistivity, Curie temperature, low coercivity, low eddy current, dielectric losses, low cost, and better environmental stability. This makes ferrites suitable for many applications such as power transformers, microwave devices, computer memories, logic devices, recording heads, loading coils, antenna rods, color monitoring tubes, telecommunications, hyperthermia, and so forth. Mg‐Zn ferrite nanoparticles have gained increased interest for many applications such as catalysts, antimicrobial potential, and sensors for the detection of combustible gases (CH4, CO, and CO2). In this brief review, the strategies used in the synthesis of Mg‐Zn ferrite nanoparticles are summarized. The different structural, morphological, magnetic, and electric properties of these ferrites are analyzed.
Terpene Synthases in the Biosynthesis of Drimane‐Type Sesquiterpenes across Diverse Organisms
Authors: Chen Tzu‐Ho , Lin Hsiao‐Ching 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDrimane‐type sesquiterpenes (DTSs) are significant terpenoid natural products characterized by their unique C15 bicyclic skeleton. They are produced by various organisms including plants, fungi, bacteria and marine organisms, and exhibit a diverse array of bioactivities. These bioactivities encompass antifeedant, anti‐insecticidal, anti‐bacterial, anti‐fungal, anti‐viral and anti‐proliferative properties. Some DTSs contribute to the pungent flavor found in herb plants like water pepper, while others serve as active components responsible for the anti‐cancer activities observed in medicinal mushrooms such as (−)‐antrocin from Antrodia cinnamomea. Recently, DTS synthases have been identified in various organisms, biosynthesizing drimenol, drim‐8‐ene‐11‐ol and (+)‐albicanol, which all possess the characteristic drimane skeleton. Interestingly, despite these enzymes producing chemical molecules with a drimane scaffold, they exhibit minimal amino acid sequence identity across different organisms. This Concept article focuses on the discovery of DTS synthases and the tailoring enzymes generating the chemical diversity of drimane natural products. We summarize and discuss their key features, including the chemical mechanisms, catalytic motifs and functional domains employed by these terpene synthases to generate DTS scaffolds.
Ten‐year outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention of in‐stent restenosis in saphenous vein grafts
Authors: Kuna Constantin , Wiedenmayer Nadine , Bradaric Christian , Presch Antonia , Voll Felix , Kufner Sebastian , Ibrahim Tareq , Schunkert Heribert , Laugwitz Karl‐Ludwig , Cassese Salvatore , Kastrati Adnan , Wiebe Jens 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOnly few data is available for long‐term outcomes of patients being treated for in‐stent restenosis (ISR) in saphenous vein grafts (SVG).AimsThus, the aim of this observational, retrospective study was to close this lack of evidence.MethodsBetween January 2007 and February 2021 a total of 163 patients with 186 ISR lesions located in SVG were treated at two large‐volume centers in Munich, Germany. Endpoints of interest were all‐cause mortality, target lesion revascularization (TLR) and target vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI). Furthermore, recurrent ISR were assessed. Outcomes are presented as Kaplan–Meier event rates.ResultsMean age was 72.6 ± 8.6 years, 90.8% were male, 36.8% were diabetics and 42.3% presented an acute coronary syndrome. ISR were treated with DES in 64.0% and with balloon angioplasty (BA) in 36.0%. After 10 years, the rates for all‐cause mortality, TVMI and TLR were 58.2%, 15.4%, and 22.6%, respectively. No statistically relevant differences were found between the types of treatment (DES or BA) regarding all‐cause mortality (55.7% vs. 63.2%, p = 0.181), TVMI (13.8% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.215) and TLR (21.8% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.764). Median time between first and recurrent ISR was 270.8 days. Recurrent ISR were treated with DES in a comparable proportion as during first ISR (p = 0.075). Independent predictor of TLR is patient age (p = 0.034). The median follow‐up duration was 5.1 years (75% CI 2.8; 8.5).ConclusionsClinical event rates after intervention of ISR located in SVG are high without statistically relevant differences regarding the type of treatment. However, further studies are needed.
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia in pregnancy: A therapeutic challenge case report and literature review
Authors: Nekooghadam Seyyed Mojtaba , Ebrahimi‐Dehkordi Sepehr , Paraandavaji Elham , Pishgahi Mehdi , Ghadirzadeh Erfan , Charkazi Elham , Ghorbani Parastoo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe anticoagulants of choice for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolic disease during pregnancy are unfractionated heparin and low‐molecular‐weight heparin. Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is introduced as a rare but critical side effect of heparin products raising the thromboembolic event paradoxically. Here, we present a case of HIT in pregnancy with challenging management due to coincidence of lupus anticoagulant (LA) and limited anticoagulant options in the pharmaceutical market of our country of residence. We describe a 6‐week pregnant patient with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), which developed HIT during antenatal care. Therapeutic anticoagulation was initiated with argatroban, then switched to apixaban due to limited access to argatroban. Another therapeutic challenge was the concurrent incidence of LA. The interdisciplinary care team decided on adding up warfarin and scheduled termination at 12 weeks regarding the hazardous condition of the patient. We also reviewed related case literature to convey a new insight into managing pregnancy‐related HIT. HIT is a pro‐coagulatory and lethal complication associated with heparin therapy that can be diagnosed by clinical suspicion, the 4T score system, and confirmatory laboratory analyses. Alternative anticoagulation is the cornerstone of the treatment and an interdisciplinary plan will be worthwhile to make the best clinical decision regarding the critical situation and least the thromboembolic events mortality during pregnancy.
Physicochemical Properties and Applications of Deep Eutectic Solvents for CO2 Capture
Authors: Biswas Rima 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRising anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations, notably CO2 emissions, have led to environmental issues that affect both humans and ecosystems. CO2 separation makes it easier to reduce energy use and CO2 emissions, both of which are essential for combating the concern of global warming. The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as CO2 capture solvents is recommended. However, the high viscosity, toxicity, cost, and poor biodegradability of ILs limit their large‐scale application. In recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been created with improved CO2 separation efficiency, lower preparation costs, and less negative environmental impact. The state‐of‐the‐art of the physicochemical properties of DESs in connection to their influence on CO2 capture processes and the studies of CO2 solubility in DESs are discussed. The absorption mechanism of CO2 in DESs and the effect of temperatures, pressures, and hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) on the solubility of CO2 in DESs are overviewed and analyzed, and future research directions on this topic are suggested.
Fluorinated Mn(III)/(II)‐Porphyrin with Redox‐Responsive 1H and 19F Relaxation Properties
Authors: Pinto Sara M. A. , Ferreira Ana R. R. , Teixeira Daniela S. S. , Nunes Sandra C. C. , Batista de Carvalho Ana L. M. , Almeida Joseany M. S. , Garda Zoltan , Pallier Agnés , Pais Alberto A. C. C. , Brett Christopher M. A. , Tóth Éva , Marques Maria P. M. , Pereira Mariette M. , Geraldes Carlos F. G. C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA new fluorinated manganese porphyrin, (Mn‐TPP‐p‐CF3) is reported capable of providing, based on the Mn(III)/Mn(II) equilibrium, dual 1H relaxivity and 19F NMR response to redox changes. The physical‐chemical characterization of both redox states in DMSO‐d6/H2O evidenced that the 1H relaxometric and 19F NMR properties are appropriate for differential redox MRI detection. The Mn(III)‐F distance (dMn−F=9.7–10 Å), as assessed by DFT calculations, is well tailored to allow for adequate paramagnetic effect of Mn(III) on 19F T1 and T2 relaxation times. Mn‐TPP‐p‐CF3 has a reversible Mn(II)/Mn(III) redox potential of 0.574 V vs. NHE in deoxygenated aqueous HEPES/ THF solution. The reduction of Mn(III)‐TPP‐p‐CF3 in the presence of ascorbic acid is slowly, but fully reversed in the presence of air oxygen, as monitored by UV‐Vis spectrometry and 19F NMR. The broad 1H and 19F NMR signals of Mn(III)‐TPP‐p‐CF3 disappear in the presence of 1 equivalent ascorbate replaced by a shifted and broadened 19F NMR signal from Mn(II)‐TPP‐p‐CF3. Phantom 19F MR images in DMSO show a MRI signal intensity decrease upon reduction of Mn(III)‐TPP‐p‐CF3, retrieved upon complete reoxidation in air within ~24 h. 1H NMRD curves of the Mn(III)/(II)‐TPP‐p‐CF3 chelates in mixed DMSO/water solvent have the typical shape of Mn(II)/Mn(III) porphyrins.