bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Political economy framework and the occurrence of noncommunicable diseases. “Framing dietary practices in Ghana as the receptacle”
Authors: Kwasi Brenyah Joseph , Koranteng Tannor Elliot , Florence Brenyah , Anthony Edusei 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, hypertension, kidney diseases, and diabetes account for sizeable proportion of global deaths. The proximate causes aside biological and genetics are behavioral risk factors include dietary practices. Unhealthy dietary practice leading to the occurrence of NCDs blamed for the drawback of social and economic development of lower- and middle-income countries.

Aims:
This research focuses on establishing links among the political economy framework (education, occupation, income, residential place, and mass media), dietary practices, and the occurrence of NCDs in Ghana.

Settings and Design:
It adopted a mixed method approach using the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (2014), with a sample of 4122 and 32 qualitative interviews from four regions.

Subjects and Methods:
In-depth, key informant interviews, focus groups discussions, and secondary data were used. The qualitative arm was analyzed using the thematic content analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive statistics and probit regression were used to ascertain the influences of the constituents of political economy using individual's dietary intakes.

Results:
The present study found that, differences in income levels (P < 0.05), residential place of stay (P < 0.05), and access to mass media (P < 0.05) were statistically significant to dietary practices and had major implications for NCDs occurrence. The qualitative outcome revealed that, educational and occupational status of individuals may influence dietary practices. The regression revealed that females are exposed to unhealthy dietary practices by 6.2% points. Moreover, rural dwelling had moderate influence on unhealthy dietary practices (3.3% points) than urban dwelling. Again, professionals, sales, and service categories have 5.8%, 5.7%, and 7.6% points unhealthy practices, respectively.
Clinical inertia in lipid screening and prescribing statins for primary prevention
Authors: Matthias Anne Thushara , Nihari Padmasiri Mathotage Satheisha , Kavindi Somathilake Batheegama Gamarachchige Gayasha , Wijesekara Pathirana Nethrani Sameera 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Most adults who should be screened for dyslipidemia do not undergo lipid testing in low- to middle-income countries due to lack of resources and clinical inertia. Those eligible for statin therapy for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention are under treated possibly due to clinical inertia. This study aimed to find out the present lipid screening practices and prescribing of statins for primary prevention in a low- to middle-income country.

Methods:
This study was conducted at medical wards of Colombo South Teaching Hospital in patients with a first-time acute coronary syndrome (ACS), who have not been on treatment with statins and not diagnosed with dyslipidemia prior to this admission. Eligibility for lipid screening was assessed using U.S. preventive services task force recommendations. CVD risk prior to ACS was assessed by QRISK2 score. Lipid profile was done within 24 h.

Results:
Out of 125 participants, 70.4% had a QRISK2 >10 and were eligible for statins prior to their first episode of ACS. Eighty-four percent have not had a lipid screening and 91.4% were not aware of the need for it. 54.4% were not aware that the elevation of certain types of cholesterol leads to ACS. Of 125 patients (100 males/25 females), mean age 55.78 (26–82). Body mass index >23kg/m2 in 65.6%. 65.6% had some lipid abnormality. Total cholesterol >200 in 29.6%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >130 in 28.8%, triglyceride >150 in 31.2%, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol suboptimal in 67.2%.

Discussion:
Lipid screening is suboptimal. Most patients who were eligible for statins based on their CVD risk prior to their first episode of ACS, were not receiving statins prior to their first ACS. Patients should have their CVD risk estimated and statins should be given to eligible patients for prevention of ACS.
Exploration of barriers to self-care practices among diabetic patients attending chronic disease clinic in an urban slum
Authors: Shah Anuradha Kunal , Mishra Sandeep Akhilesh , Ravichandran Prabhadevi 
Published: April 2023

Background:Glycemic control in diabetes can be achieved by adopting self-care practices. It also leads to reduction of complications and improvement in the quality of life. Identification of barriers to adopting these practices can help devise strategies to overcome them. This study was conducted to understand the self-care practices among diabetics and the barriers affecting those practices among diabetics in the urban slum area.Materials and Methods:This qualitative study using Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) was conducted in a chronic disease Outpatient clinic in Mumbai, in November 2020. Four FGDs with 32 participants were conducted. Thematic analysis of the transcripts was done.Results:Three major themes were identified – living with diabetes, practices to maintain glycemic control, and potential barriers. Barriers for self-care practices were - confusing advice provided by family and doctors, feeling rejected (stigmatized), lack of motivation for exercise, complications of diabetes, lack of family cooperation, lack of knowledge on foot care, physical constraints, nonavailability of medications, lack of social and financial support, suboptimal knowledge regarding diabetes, and misconceptions.Conclusions:Motivating diabetic patients for regular physical activity by starting from simple indoor exercises to outdoor exercises are necessary. Counseling the family members on the complications of diabetes due to inappropriate dietary practices should be advocated. Improvement in doctor-patient communication and providing information on the foot care practices is the need of the hour.
Visión Prospectiva de los Diseños Curriculares de Postgrado en el contexto de la Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador en su Instituto de Mejoramiento Profesional del Magisterio
Authors: Moreno deTovar Nilva Liuval , Rangel Orellana Gladys Coromoto , Saturnini Pacheco Norelvis Cecilia 
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo de modalidad tipo ensayo tiene como propósito conocer la visión prospectiva de los diseños curriculares de postgrado en el contexto de la Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador en su Instituto de Mejoramiento Profesional del Magisterio (UPEL IMPM), de enfoque cuantitativo, paradigma positivista, producto de una revisión de diseños curriculares donde se asumió una metodología documental, de carácter descriptivo, apoyada en la técnica de la lectura, revisión e interpretación del lenguaje escrito, los cimientos teóricos Godet (2009), Gimeno (2008), Arellano (2005) y Viaña (2018); autores que permitieron consolidar la postura de las autoras al fin de la visión prospectiva viabilizando la entrada a lo desconocido de la gestión del conocimiento que requiere de innata creatividad para la imaginación e inventiva de la gestión de los diversos diseños curriculares de postgrado donde la gerencia es la disciplina del conocimiento que incrementa los procesos de diseño, ejecución y evaluación de estos.
INVESTIGATING EFL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF IMPLEMENTING ACTIVE LEARNING TECHNIQUES IN TEACHING SPEAKING
Authors: Minh Le Hoang , Duong Nguyen Thuy Thuy 
Published: April 2023

Active learning (AL) is widely implemented in Asia including Vietnam. However, to date, research on this method seems to be scarce, particularly in the context of Vietnam. This study aims to investigate teachers' perceptions of AL and its principles in teaching English speaking. In addition, the study also explores teachers’ attitudes about AL implementation and their concerns about applying this method to their teaching context. Ten teachers of English teaching at a university in the Mekong Delta, South of Vietnam participated in the study. A semi-structured interview activity was employed to collect data. The results showed that the teachers generally had a high level of understanding of AL teaching principles and showed positive attitudes toward the implementation of it. The results also revealed teachers’ concerns about implementing AL. In particular, three problems of large class size, students’ mixed language proficiency and time limitation were addressed. Accordingly, possible suggestions for a better implementation of AL in teaching English speaking in Vietnam and similar contexts elsewhere will be provided.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0006/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR MIDWIVES PERFORMING MEDICAL PROCEDURES (CASE STUDY OF BANDUNG KEBONJATI HOSPITAL)
Authors: Susiswo Susiswo , Wulan S. E Rayung 
Published: April 2023

Legal protection can be the right of every individual, incl midwife. Moment this, Still A little which discuss about Midwife legal protection at Kebonjati Hospital Bandung. This study aims to discuss more deeply the legal protection for midwives who carry out medical procedures at Kebonjati Hospital in Bandung. Which method used to achieve this goal, namely legal research normative, using primary and legal material sources secondary. Results study show midwife own authority in carry out his job in House Sick. This authority is evaluated by professional organizations so that it does not take action beyond the authority that results on consequence law. Protection law to midwife conducted by the Indonesian Midwives Association (IBI). If happen violation which resulted midwives under to the realm court, then a review is carried out by IBI through MPA IBI and MPEB IBI. If the midwife concerned runs the standard profession, service standards and standard operating procedures, then Legal assistance will be provided by IBI in facing demands or lawsuits in court.
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN STRATEGI HIDUP SEHAT LANSIA DI KELURAHAN BANGUN SARI KECAMATAN TANJUNG MORAWA
Authors: Sigalingging Ganda , Nasution Zulkarnain , Ginting Magdalena , Pakpahan Hetti Marlina , Sitopu Selli Dosriano , Simanullang Poniyah , Girsang Ester Meyprida 
Published: April 2023

Sejatinya pertambahan usia akan membawa dampak di berbagai aspek kehidupan lansia, terutama masala kesehatan lansia baik fisik, mental dan sosial akibat timbulnya berbagai penyakit degeneratif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya mempertahankan kesehatan lansia pada taraf kesehatan optimal. Menua akan menimbulkan penurunan fungsi tubuh di berbagai sistem yang berpotensi memengaruhi kemampuan lansia melakukan aktifitas sehari-hari misalnya, makan, kebersihan diri, toilet dan pergerakan. Lansia yang sakit akan menjadi beban bagi diri sendiri, keluarga, masyarakat, dan pemerintah dimana lansia akan ketergantungan kepada orang lain. Hal ini disebabkan ketidak mampuan melaksanakan aktivitas sehari-hari. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini membangun kemampuan lansia melaksanakan strategi pencegahan penyakit yang lazim terjadi dimasa tua. Metode kegiatan memberikan pendidikan kesehatan berupa penyuluhan kepada lansia di lingkungan masyarakat mengenai cara mencegah dan meminimalisasi komplikasi penyakit degenratif melalui perilaku hidup sehat. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dibantu oleh mahasiswa FIK Universitas Darma Agung Medan bulan Maret 2022. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan, secara keseluruhan lansia hadir sesuai jumlah dan waktu yang disepakati juga terlihat seluruh peserta ceriah dan bahagia. Disimpulkan kegiatan ini mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia tentang upaya yang dilakukan untuk tetap sehat. Kepada perangkat kelurahan untuk memotivasi dan menyediakan sarana prasarana yang dibutuhkan selama melakukan penyuluhan secara berkelanjutan untuk tercipta perasaan yang riang gembira sehingga kualitas hidup lansia tetap sehat, mandiri, berguna, dan produktif.
Quality of life on type 2 diabetes patients in Indonesia: systematic review
Authors: Suniyadewi Ni Wayan , Sufyanti Yuni , Kurniawati Ninuk Dian , Buntari Ni Luh Putu Inca , Rismayanti Dewa Ayu 
Published: April 2023

Objective: To review various quality of life questionnaires related to patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Method: The systematic review comprised search on SAGE, PubMed, ProQuest, Ebsco and Google Scholar databases for studies using quality of life questionnaires related to patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus published between January 2012 and January 2022 in either English or Bhasha language. Data extraction and assessment was done in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses checklist.
Results: Of the 25 studies reviewed, 23(92.2%) were in the English language. They were conducted in 17(51.5%) of the 33 provinces in Indonesia. The questionnaires used were 36-item Short Form 8(32%), EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level scale 6(24%), World Health Organisation Quality of Life-Brief version 6(24%), Diabetes Quality of Life 3(12%) and Diabetes Quality of Life Clinical Trial Questionnaire 2(8%). Variables associated with the quality of life of the diabetics included education, gender and age. The internal factors included glycaemic control, psychological condition, self-efficacy, perception of illness, self-care management, medication adherence, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and complications. The external factors included family support, medication counselling and pharmacists’ intervention.
Conclusions: Many instruments measure quality of life related to patients of diabetes mellitus. Countries with different socio-cultural forms have different quality of life perspectives, and the assessment tool should be picked accordingly.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Glycaemic, Neutrophils, Pharmacists, Self-efficacy, Surgical mesh, Medication adherence, Lymphocytes
Fathers’ involvement in handling growth disorder of children family members: a systematic review
Authors: Sulistyono R Endro , Hayati Nurul , Abdillah Achlish 
Published: April 2023

Objective: To find out fathers’ involvement in the treatment of growth disorders.
Methods: The systematic review comprised search on Scopus, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases for studies published in English language between January 2017 and March 2022 and described fathers’ roles in handling stunting in children. The keywords used along with Boolean operators included father, paternal, involvement, engagement, role, stunting, and growth disorder. The studies shortlisted were subjected to charting and narrative analyses.
Results: Of the 699 studies initially found, 13(1.85%) were analysed in detail. Four factors identified were economic support, instrumental support, nurturing the children, and health risk behaviour. Strategies to increase fathers’ involvement related to internal and external barriers.
Conclusion: Fathers’ role is crucial in handling growth disorder in children. Growth disorder management strategies need to involve fathers and mothers by considering the identified barriers and potential facilitators.
Keywords: Child, Mothers, Gender, Health risk, Nutrition.
Implementation of long-term care for older adults: a literature review
Authors: Prihatama Rizky Putra , Ah Yusuf  
Published: April 2023

Objective: To explore the abuse and neglect phenomenon in long-term care facilities for the elderly population.
Method: The systematic review comprised search on PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The key words used were older people care, long-term care, older people and older adults. Articles published in the last 5 years between 2017 to 2021 in recognised English-language journals and whose full text was available on the websites were included. Details of the selected studies were noted and analysed.
Results: Of the 336 studies initially identified, 15(4.46%) were reviewed in detail. Of them, 3(20%) had been done in North America, 6(40%) in Europe and 6(40%) in Asia. The prevalence of abuse and neglect in long-term care facilities for the elderly was generally high, with nursing home staff mostly involved due to burnout syndrome or related to personal factors, such as childhood adversity and work-related stress.
Conclusion: Better understanding is critical for improving the quality of care in long-term care facilities to prevent abuse and neglect with the elderly.
Keywords: Aged, Caregivers, Healthcare quality and services, Long-term care.
Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for DC Motor PID Control with Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Deng Ethan , Joykutty Leya , Caulkins Juliana 
Published: April 2023

Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) is a closed loop control system based on dynamic system feedback commonly employed in industrial control systems that require continuous modulated control. The purpose of this project was to improve the efficacy of PID control, a branch of classical control theory, to allow for the application of PID controllers in more complex and non-linear environments. The research compares the results of different machine learning algorithms with genetic algorithms to optimize PID control parameters to achieve more precise control of 12V DC motors. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a metaheuristic algorithm used to solve search and optimization problems in machine learning. GAs are developed based on the process of natural selection and genetics, relying on biologically inspired operators. After a series of selections and crossovers, the genetic algorithm selected the fittest generation of PID constants that would result in the optimal PID controller which minimizes system error value and linearizes the system behavior. Optimizing PID parameters to enhance the efficacy of classical control theory could increase machining precision in industrial production and improve the robustness of integrated PID controllers in complex environments such as the human body, enabling PID controllers to be an adaptive, simple, and viable option to be implemented in implantable artificial organs and motorized prosthetics. The results of the study suggest that GA optimized PID parameters are effective in regulating the system behavior of DC motors and the enhanced PID control system could be implemented in a wide range of rapidly changing and non-linear applications.
A Machine Learning Approach to Finding Factors that Lead to Environmental Friendliness
Authors: Maddury Sucheer , Manian Anjana 
Published: April 2023

To maintain a sustainable society, environmental friendliness is necessary, an effort that all countries must take part in. The effort must be pioneered by developed nations with the resources to enact sustainable policies, reduce emissions and conserve energy, from which developing nations will follow the eroded path. Recognizing the factors that promote environmental friendliness is necessary for researchers, policymakers, and activists alike.
Several past studies have examined the relationship between environmental performance and various nationwide factors such as economic strength, education, and corruption. In this paper, however, we introduce the machine learning approach Multiple-Linear Regression, allowing several variables to be used in tandem.
We constructed a dataset using a variety of variables from a variety of sources, either examined in past literature or justified logically. We measured environmental friendliness through the Environmental Performance Index (EPI), and chose feature variables of Women in Parliament (%), Internet users (%), Freedom Index, Ethnic fractionalization, Technological development, Press Freedom Index, Corruption Perceptions Index, GDP per capita ($), and Education Index, and Population.
We found that Multiple-Linear Regression is an effective way of measuring EPI, where several metrics indicate that EPI is almost completely determined by the feature variables. We end the study by presenting the correlations of each of the variables with EPI, and find that almost all exhibit strong linear relationships. These correlations should bring light to the characteristics of environmentally friendly countries, mainly Nordic nations.
The use of the Crude Extract of Immuno-activated C. Elegans as a Treatment for Inflammation
Authors: Owusu Malcolm , Joykutty Leya 
Published: April 2023

Helminth Therapy is the practice of infecting oneself with parasites to cure ailments. The hypothesis was formed in the 20th century and experimentation began around 10 years ago. The main mechanism is the idea that infection causes a shift in immune response from Th1 (inflammation promoting) to Th2 (inflammation reducing) as the body uses Th2 response to fight against the helminth. However, self-infection comes with side effects. This study aims to exploit the anti-inflammatory response whilst minimizing the risks of helminth therapy. C. elegans contain the same secretory proteins responsible for responses in conventional helminths. Moreover, the malleable innate immune systems of C. elegans allow their genomes to be altered. By using bacterial and fungal pathogens (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. This change in genome alters the secretory proteins which help fight inflammation. Crude extracts of the immuno-manipulated C. elegans proteins can be obtained and used to cause the helminth Th balance switch without the negatives of being actually infected. Inflammation will be induced in zebrafish embryos via the use of TNBS and Dextran sodium sulfate; gut architecture, goblet cell count, and leukocyte migration will be used as measures of inflammation. Results show promise as C. elegans crude extract as a treatment for inflammation as well as support for immuno-regulating the C. elegans to fight specific types of inflammation. This study explores the experimental field of helminth therapy to validate it as an alternative inflammation treatment, especially in autoimmune diseases where the Th1 cytokine levels are so prevalent.
A Research Study on the Demographics of Volunteering
Authors: Krishnan Anika , Mitchell Jerone , Lapin Sergey 
Published: April 2023

Voluntary work can have many benefits to individuals such as decreased depression and mortality and increase in overall health. Volunteering also leads to many community benefits like sustainability and community unity. In this study, I set out to analyze who exactly volunteers by taking data from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics on volunteering over 5 years and reviewing many common trends. Volunteering is, surprisingly, an act that a very small number of Americans take part in. Through this study, I was able to conclude which demographics those volunteers are from. I used the factors: Education, Age, Sex, Race, and Employment level. These factors all play a role in which sector of Americans, demographically, contribute to their community through volunteering. Through the five years that the US Bureau was able to collect data, the numbers had a low standard deviation, leading to the conclusion that even though the last date that the data was collected was in 2015, the numbers in terms of demographic percentages, would not have changed. This information could be used by non-profit organizations to target specific demographics when sharing volunteer opportunities, so they can maximize the possibility of finding volunteers.