bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Creating a Specific Neutron Irradiation Instrument to Decrease the User’s Radiation Exposure Time
Authors: Muslim Ahmed Ghanim , Al-Mashhadani Asia H. 
Published: January 2023

A specialized irradiation instrument "created instrument" was designed and created from various kinds and sizes of available plastic household-waste materials. In addition, a neutron beam collimator with a lid was designed and implemented. The collimator is with dimensions of 25 cm in height and 10 cm in inner diameter, while the lid dimensions are 11.5 cm height and outer diameter of 9.9 cm to perfectly match the inner diameter of the collimator with the possibility of movement (opening and closing), and also the shielding of the radioactive 241Am/Be neutron source with a recent activity of 37.5 mCi.
To investigate the efficiency of the "created instrument", ten hydrogenous material samples (ordinary paraffin of chemical structure CnH2n+2) with the same cylindrical dimensions (Ø = 8.5 cm, 0.5 cm thickness) and with the same weight of 20 g ± 0.005 for each, were used with and without the "created instrument". The neutron measurements were slowed (4.7 – 1.58 n/s) when the paraffin sample thickness was progressively increased (0 – 5 cm). Most importantly, the "created instrument" was effectively contributed to reducing the user’s radiation exposure time from approximately 90 seconds to a few seconds no longer than 30 seconds for each measurement with considerable reduction ratio of 66.67% by making the samples of thicknesses ranging from 0.5 cm to 5 cm easier to position on the neutron beam collimator compared without using the "created instrument". It may also be utilized to evaluate the moderation on-site for different materials in neutron source shielding thickness based on the measuring procedures and data gathered. It is predicted that this study will help future improvements to use additional techniques to satisfy more protection related to the radiation field.
Periodic Solutions For Nonlinear Systems of Multiple Integro-differential Equations that Contain Symmetric Matrices with Impulsive Actions
Authors: Butris Raad Noori , Faris Hewa Selman 
Published: January 2023

This paper examines a new nonlinear system of multiple integro-differential equations containing symmetric matrices with impulsive actions. The numerical-analytic method of ordinary differential equations and Banach fixed point theorem are used to study the existence, uniqueness and stability of periodic solutions of impulsive integro-differential equations with piecewise continuous functions. This study is based on the Hölder condition in which the ordering , and are real numbers between 0 and 1.
Utilization of Dynamical System on Enfolding Semi-group
Authors: Ridha Haider M. , Majed Lieth A. , Al-Fayadh Ali Hassan Nasser 
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we use the definition of the action on the set of semi-group of the structure of this research .We introduce the concepts of -system which is a triple , , such that is a Hausdorff compact space called phase space, is a semi-group of transformations with a continuous action of on . We study and proof some theoretical properties related with that system. We also introduce the concept of Enfolding semi-group ( , ,and we prove that it is a compact right topological semi-group. In addition, we study the left and right ideals in the Enfolding semi-group. By using the dynamical system, we reflect various properties concerning with its structure for the Enfolding semi-group. Furthermore, we describe the connections between the algebraic and topological properties of the Enfolding semi-group space.
Evaluating the Levels of Oxidative DNA Damage, Antioxidant Profile and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Balaky Hazhar M. 
Published: January 2023

Eight-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is considered as one of the principle forms of oxygen radicals that stimulated the oxidative stress and has been extensively utilized as a biomarker for oncogenesis. The primary goal of the present study was to investigate the alteration in the levels of 8-OHdG, antioxidant profile and proinflammatory cytokines levels in patients with lung carcinoma. Blood samples were collected from 40 cases with lung cancer (stage III) admitted before the treatment, for health examination at the Nanakaly Hospital in Erbil city and 45 healthy samples of controls with ages ranging between 38-69 years for both groups. Circulating concentration of 8-OHdG, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 were evaluated by ELISA. Circulating levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) levels were also analyzed by using ELISA. The current work proposes that (8-OHdG) can be used as a functional biological marker, considering oxidative stress among the patients with lung carcinoma. The obtained data also indicated a correlation between serum cytokine concentrations and the rate of survival in lung carcinoma patients.
Cytotoxic Effect of the Alcoholic Extract of Conocarpus erectus Leaves on MDA-MB 231 and MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Fathi Shams Munaf , Ali Israa Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

Currently, there is a growing interest in medicinal plants extracts as some plants have shown antitumor potential. The goal of this study was to test the anticancer activity of methanol extract of Conocarpous erectus leaves in breast cancer cells. Cytotoxicity was tested in vitro on breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 [Estrogen receptor + (ER+)] and MDA-MB231 [Estrogen receptor - (ER-)], in addition to normal fibroblast cells (REF). MTT assay was utilized to measure the growth inhibitory effects after 48 hours exposure to extracts. Viability results indicated that MDA-MB231 were sensitive (GI50 = 56.1µg/ml).However, no sensitivity was seen in both MCF7 and REF cells (GI50>100 µg/ml). Interestingly the sensitivity seen in MDA-MB231 cells was associated with a significant reduction in cell number and size. It can be concluded from this study that leaves extracts may provide a candidate therapy against breast cancer cells and sensitivity was not linked with ER expression. No effect was observed in normal cells.
modelling of the number of almazaras by municipality in Andalusia
Authors: Cueva López Valentina , Rodriguez Avi José , Olmo Jiménez María José , Rodríguez Reinoso Julia 
Published: January 2023

An almazara (oil mill) is an essential piece in the production of olive oil since it is the place where the olive is milled and the olive oil is obtained. They are usually linked to producer cooperatives. They are structures that require specialized machinery and that on multiple occasions are underutilised, given the presence of several of them at very close distances. In addition, they characterise the mainly olive grove municipalities and their study provides a valuable information of economic interest.
From a statistical point of view, the “number of oil mills per municipality” is a count data variable that exhibits overdispersion. In this study, we focus on the oil mills found in municipalities of Andalusia. First, we make a descriptive study of the variable. Second, we model this data according to the most suitable probabilistic model. Finally, several generalized linear regression models based on different geographic and socioeconomic variables are proposed and the best one (using the Akaike information criterion) is selected.
DESASTRE DO ROMPIMENTO DA BARRAGEM EM MARIANA: ANÁLISE DO PAPEL DA EMPRESA POLUIDORA NO MONITORAMENTO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA E SUA DIVULGAÇÃO PARA A POPULAÇÃO, DIANTE DO DEVER FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Heringer de Mendonça Gabriel , Cesar Fabriz Daury 
Published: January 2023

Analisa, se existe, e quais os fundamentos, para o dever de atuação da empresa responsável pelo desastre ambiental no monitoramento da qualidade da água e na sua ampla divulgação para a população, após o rompimento da barragem de rejeito de minério de ferro em Mariana/MG. Através do método dedutivo e da utilização de relatórios de instituições públicas e privadas e da bibliografia sobre o tema, percorre-se os seguintes objetivos: identificar os principais impactos na qualidade das águas da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Doce causados pelo rompimento da barragem de Fundão (Mariana/MG); verificar o correto enquadramento da catástrofe como um desastre decorrente da atuação humana; analisar o desastre dentro da noção de desenvolvimento econômico sustentável; identificar os deveres fundamentais, especificamente o dever de proteção ambiental reconhecido pela Constituição de 1988; verificar se existe o dever de atuação da empresa poluidora no monitoramento e na divulgação da qualidade das águas após o desastre ambiental. Por fim, conclui-se que, após o rompimento da barragem de Mariana/MG, a empresa responsável pelo desastre ambiental tem o dever de atuar no monitoramento da qualidade das águas atingidas e divulgar a informação para a população, diante do princípio do poluidor pagador e do dever de informação da população, dever esse que sustenta a participação popular em uma democracia socioambiental e permite que as pessoas prejudicadas disponham das informações necessárias para buscar a reparação do dano.
Thyroid Autoantibodies in Type -1 Diabetic Mellitus Patients and their Correlation with Thyroid function and Tumor Necrotic Factor-Alpha
Authors: Shnawa Bushra Hussain , Taha Abdulsameea Majeed 
Published: January 2023

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a complicated autoimmune disorder initiated by T-cell-mediated damage of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in insulin deficiency and the development of hyperglycaemia. This disease is most common in childhood and adolescence and frequently co-occurs with other autoimmune conditions like autoimmune thyroiditis. This work aimed to investigate thyroid autoantibodies and their correlation with thyroid functions and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in T1DM patients. Eighty participants were enrolled in a case-control study, including sixty T1DM patients and twenty healthy controls. Peripheral blood specimens were taken from individuals with proven T1DM and healthy individuals (control group). Body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobulin (HbA1c), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid autoantibodies, including anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) in addition to anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg), and TNF- α concentrations were evaluated in T1DM and control groups. Our findings revealed that thyroid autoantibodies were significantly more prevalent in T1DM patients, elevated TSH, and significantly higher TNF-α levels than in the control group, indicating an increased risk for inflammation based on cytokine levels. The current study proved that in T1DM patients' sera compared to the healthy control, thyroid autoantibodies and TNF-α levels were positively correlated. In conclusion, poor diabetes management and high TSH levels may indicate subclinical hypothyroidism, which impacts diabetes control. This is possibly linked to thyroid autoimmunity. Future research is needed to understand how TNF- αcontributes to the progression of diabetes disease and its complications.
Indicadores de Sustentabilidade da Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos para Municípios Brasileiros: Desenvolvimento e Validação da Ferramenta
Authors: Tisoco Milena Caroline , Gohr Pinheiro Ivone 
Published: January 2023

Os indicadores de sustentabilidade auxiliam no diagnóstico, na busca de melhorias e no planejamento de estratégias para os resíduos sólidos. Neste contexto o trabalho objetivou desenvolver e validar um conjunto de indicadores de sustentabilidade da gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos (GRSU) para municípios brasileiros. Inicialmente foi definido um conjunto com 50 indicadores e 16 categorias que foi submetido a análise de 15 especialistas, os quais sugeriram reduzir o número de indicadores, melhorar a definição de termos e conceitos e evitar subjetividades. Após considerar tais sugestões, o conjunto passou a conter 41 indicadores e 10 categorias, que abordam aspectos administrativos, financeiros, de execução dos serviços, de educação ambiental e de participação da população e dos catadores. O novo conjunto de indicadores foi aplicado a 38 municípios brasileiros. Foram analisados os indicadores com dificuldades em serem respondidos e verificado as seguintes motivações para tal: impossibilidade de optar por uma das opções de resposta; inexistência de dados e falta de conhecimento sobre informações. Por fim, definiu-se o conjunto final de indicadores de sustentabilidade da GRSU, percebendo-se a importância das etapas de validação e de proposição de indicadores que sejam flexíveis, contendo perguntas com opção de não serem respondidas.Sustainability Indicators of Municipal Solid Waste Management for Brazilian Municipalities: Development and Validation of the Tool A B S T R A C TSustainability indicators assist in the diagnosis, search for improvements and planning strategies for solid waste. In this context, the research aimed to develop and validate a set of sustainability indicators for municipal solid waste management (MSW) for Brazilian municipalities. Initially a set of 50 indicators and 16 categories was defined and submitted to the analysis of 15 specialists, who suggested reducing the number of indicators, improving the definition of terms and concepts and avoiding subjectivity. After considering these suggestions, the set passed to contain 41 indicators and 10 categories, that address aspects such as administrative, financial, service execution, environmental education, population participation and waste pickers. The new set of indicators was applied to 38 Brazilian municipalities. The indicators with difficulties in being answered were analyzed and the following reasons were verified for this: impossibility of choosing one of the response options; lack of data and lack of knowledge about information. Finally, the final set of sustainability indicators of MSW was defined realizing the importance of the validation steps and the proposition of indicators that are flexible, containing questions with the option of not being answered.Keywords: Municipal Solid Waste. Management. Sustainability. Indicators. Performance
Performance dos modelos climáticos do CMIP6 em simular a precipitação em subdomínios da América do Sul no período histórico
Authors: Oliveira Debora Martins , Ribeiro João Gabriel Martins , De Faria Leandro Fortunato , Reboita Michelle Simões 
Published: January 2023

A precipitação é uma variável de grande importância para a compreensão do clima em diferentes escalas espaciais como, por exemplo, a regional e global. Se os modelos climáticos conseguem reproduzir a variabilidade espacial e temporal da precipitação, se tem confiabilidade para o uso deles em estudos do clima futuro. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a performance de 50 modelos climáticos globais do Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) a fim de selecionar aqueles que melhor simulam a climatologia da precipitação sobre dois subdomínios da América do Sul (sul da Amazônia – AMZ e sudeste do Brasil – SDE), no período histórico (1995-2014). Para isso, são realizadas análises estatísticas entre cada modelo e dados considerados como referência (Global Precipitation Climatology Project Version 1.2 - GPCP e Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation - CMAP). Os resultados indicam que o modelo INM-CM5-0 é o que melhor simula a precipitação na AMZ e os modelos MPI-ESM1-2-HR e NESM3 na região SDE. Como estudos com modelos globais necessitam de muitos recursos computacionais, é mais conveniente selecionar aqueles que mostram boa performance para ambas as regiões, assim, são indicados os modelos EC-Earth3-Veg-LR, INM-CM4-8, INM-CM5-0 e MPI-ESM1-2-HR.Palavras-chave: Modelos de Circulação Geral, CMIP, IPCC, América do Sul.Performance of CMIP6 climate models in simulating precipitation in subdomains of South America in the historical period A B S T R A C TPrecipitation is a variable of great importance in understanding the climate at different spatial scales, such as regional and global. Whether climate models can reproduce the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation, they are reliable for their use in future climate studies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the performance of 50 global climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) in order to select those that best simulate the climatology of precipitation over two subdomains of South America in the historical period (1995- 2014): southern Amazon (AMZ) and southeastern Brazil (SDE). In this sense, statistical analyses are performed between each model and data considered as reference (Global Precipitation Climatology Project Version 1.2, GPCP and Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation - CMAP). The results indicate that the INM-CM5-0 model is the one with best performance in simulating precipitation in AMZ and MPI-ESM1-2-HR and NESM3 models in SDE. As studies with global models need a lot of computational resources, it is more convenient to select those models with good performance in both regions. In this way, EC-Earth3-Veg-LR, INM-CM4-8, INM-CM5-0 and MPI-ESM1-2-HR are the models indicated for both regions.Keywords: General Circulation Models, CMIP, IPCC South America
Zonear para Recuperar: Proposições para o Semiárido Brasileiro (Alto Santo - CE)
Authors: Dos Santos Vanessa Melo , Sales Marta Celina Linhares 
Published: January 2023

A degradação é um dos principais impactos ambientais que ocorrem no semiárido, sendo em sua maioria resultado do uso e ocupação das terras de forma inadequada devido à falta de um ordenamento territorial. Assim, o objetivo da pesquisa foi propor um zoneamento ambiental para Alto Santo – CE como meio de contribuição para delimitação de métodos e procedimentos de recuperação de áreas degradadas. O estudo teve como fundamentação teórico-metodológica a análise ambiental integrada e a Teoria Geossistêmica. A identificação das unidades sistêmicas serviu de suporte para a proposição de um zoneamento, onde foram mapeadas quatro tipologias: Zona de Preservação Ambiental, Zona de Uso Sustentável, Zona de Recuperação Ambiental e Zona de Expansão Urbana. As medidas de recuperação sugeridas levaram em consideração as particularidades de cada zona bem como a viabilidade econômica da execução dos projetos técnicos. Os resultados têm como funções servir como impulsionadores da gestão ambiental e do desenvolvimento sustentável na área em estudo e como modelo para as outras regiões do semiárido.Palavras-chave: Degradação Ambiental. Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas. Planejamento Ambiental. Gestão Ambiental. Meio Ambiente. Zone to Recover: Propositions for the Brazilian Semi-arid (Alto Santo - CE)AbstractDegradation is one of the main environmental impacts that occur in the semi-arid region, being mostly the result of inappropriate land use and occupation due to the lack of territorial planning. Thus, the objective of the research was to propose an environmental zoning for Alto Santo - CE as a means of contributing to the delimitation of methods and procedures for the recovery of degraded areas. The study had as theoretical-methodological foundation the integrated environmental analysis and the Geosystemic Theory. The identification of the systemic units served as support for the proposal of a zoning, where four typologies were mapped: Environmental Preservation Zone, Sustainable Use Zone, Environmental Recovery Zone and Urban Expansion Zone. In order to suggest the recovery measures, the particularities of each zone were taken into account, as well as the economic feasibility of carrying out the technical projects. The results are intended to serve as drivers of environmental management and sustainable development in the area under study and as a model for other regions of the semi-arid region.Keywords: Environmental Degradation. Recovery of Degraded Areas. Environmental planning. Environmental management. Environment.
First record of the common sun star Crossaster papposus (L., 1767) in the Baltic Sea in over 100 years
Authors: Romoth Katharina Romoth , Gogina Mayya , Beisiegel Kolja , Darr Alexander , Zettler Michael Lothar 
Published: January 2023

The rare in the German North and Baltic Sea waters and strictly protected sea star Crossaster papposus was found in 2019 and 2021 during monitoring activities in a marine protected area. This unique observation was achieved by using towed camera platform imagery along a transect in the Fehmarn Belt, which allows monitoring of a much larger area of the seafloor compared to traditional invasive grab and dredge sampling. The last time C. papposus was documented in this area was in 1871, indicating the rarity of this species in the Baltic Sea. Possible explanations for such rare records of the occurrence of this presumably native species in the study region are briefly discussed, including uncommon survival due to salinity conditions caused by prior inflows of saline water from the North Sea.
PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN FILM PENDEK ANIMASI 2 DIMENSI “TIMUN MAS”
Authors: Eko Nurcahyo Dedi 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTFilm is a medium of information and mass communication that is quite effective, because films can build public opinion with various formats of impressions and forms of presentation in conveying messages through a story that is audio-visual or vivid images and sounds. Timun Mas is a well-known folk tale in Java. In this study, the story of Timun Mas was repackaged into a 2-dimensional animated short film. Timun mas animation production methods include Pre-Production, Production, and Post-Production. The results of this animation design are in the form of scenarios, storyboards, characters, and an animated short film entitled "Timun Mas".Keywords: Short Film, Animation, Timun Mas ABSTRAKFilm menjadi media informasi dan komunikasi massa yang cukup efektif, karena film dapat membangun opini publik dengan berbagai format tayangan dan bentuk penyajiannya dalam penyampaian pesan melalui sebuah cerita yang bersifat audio visual atau gambar dan suara yang hidup. Timun mas merupakan cerita rakyat yang cukup terkenal di Jawa. Dalam penelitian ini, cerita Timun Mas dikemas ulang menjadi film pendek animasi 2 dimensi. Metode pembuatan animasi Timun mas meliputi Pra Produksi, Produksi, dan Pasca Produksi. Hasil dari perancangan animasi ini berupa skenario, storyboard, karakter, dan film pendek animasi berjudul “Timun Mas”.
Internal Communication Models Shaping Safe Behavior of Employees in the Raw Materials Sector During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: KOWAL Barbara , ŚWINIARSKA Olga , DOMARACKÁ Lucia 
Published: January 2023

Nowe zagrożenie jakim okazał się dwa lata temu wirus SARS-COV-2 spowodował, że spółki górnicze musiały sprostać temu wyzwaniu. Pogarszająca się w dużym tempie sytuacja, ciągły wzrost liczby zakażeń koronawirusem i ciężki przebieg choroby wpłynęły na wypracowanie nowych zasad i procedur w funkcjonowaniu zakładów górniczych. Miały one zagwarantować wszystkim pracownikom, a szczególnie pracującym pod ziemią, poczucie spokoju i bezpieczeństwa, a także zapewnić ciągłość utrzymania i funkcjonowania zakładów. To „unikalne wyzwanie” spowodowało, że spółki wypracowały przez okres pandemii dobre praktyki, które opierały się przede wszystkim na sprawnej i niezawodnej komunikacji wewnętrznej kształtującej bezpieczne zachowania pracowników. Niniejsza publikacja prezentuje wypracowane i stosowane przez różne spółki górnicze modele komunikacji wewnętrznej, które kształtowały bezpieczne zachowania pracowników w branży energetycznej podczas pandemii koronawirusa. Autorki dokonały porównania wprowadzonych działań kształtujących bezpieczne zachowania oraz powstałych modeli komunikacji wewnętrznej podczas nadzwyczajnego trybu pracy. Analizę porównawczą wykorzystywanych narzędzi komunikacji w poszczególnych modelach dokonano