bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing unified trans-diagnostic interventions and their efficacy on the common mechanisms of the comorbid obsessive personality disorder with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A protocol study
Authors: Zirakbash Amin , Naderi Farah , Marashian Fatemeh Sadat , Makvandi Behnam 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
The immense comorbidity among disorders could be ascribed to common trans-diagnostic processes. The term trans-diagnostic has been of interest in both pathology and psychology. Trans-diagnostic treatments were created as opposed to treatments based on single-diagnosis treatments. It addresses the common underlying mechanisms in a range of comorbid disorders. Trans-diagnostic treatment is one of the new psychological treatments, and its efficacy has been proven on many psychological variables. The main focus of the current study is on designing unified trans-diagnostic interventions and their efficacy on the shared mechanisms of comorbid obsessive personality disorder with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
the sequential transformative strategy has two stages; qualitative and quantitative. In The first and qualitative section of the research, explanatory research will be carried out to investigate the trans-diagnostic intervention using a systematic review. To validate the trans-diagnostic intervention, and simultaneously with the trans-diagnostic intervention, a questionnaire has been prepared and given to 10 psychology experts and professionals in the treatment field concerning content validity by evaluators.
Quasi-experimental research will be assessed with a pre-test, post-test, and a two-month follow-up after confirming the validity and reliability of the intervention in the quantitative section.

CONCLUSION:
Designing unified trans-diagnosis interventions and their efficacy on the common mechanisms of comorbid obsessive personality disorder with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder is an effective treatment method for helping those suffering from a personality disorder. Clinical psychologists, psychology experts, psychiatrists, and mental health experts are all the immediate beneficiaries of this study. Moreover, clients could benefit from this intervention with less money and time.
Development and validation of a questionnaire based on the protection motivation theory to predict cigarette smoking preventive behavior in the Iranian university students
Authors: Abdollahi Salime Zare , Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed Mazloomy , Lotfi Mohammad Hasan , Ardakani Seyed Mojtaba Yassini 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Prevention of smoking is very important at a young age and during the student period. Because of the lack of a questionnaire based on the prevention of smoking behavior, this study was conducted to design and standardize a tool according to the protection motivation theory (PMT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was an analytical cross-sectional study where information and opinions of experts and then designing tools and assessing the face validity in the first phase and content validity, construct validity, test–retest reliability, and internal consistency of questions in the second phase were examined. The initial themes and structures were determined based on the literature Review and the opinion of experts. Three hundred students of Yazd Universities were selected by cluster sampling and included in the study. All analyses were performed in SPSS and AMOS software version 24 with a significance level of less than 5%.

RESULTS:
The final version of the scale had 39 questions in eight dimensions. The overall Cronbach's alpha value was 0.89, and for each dimension, it was more than 0.7. The content validity ratio and content validity index for the whole tool were 0.87 and 0.94, respectively. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the latent construct model had good fit (X2/df = 4.31; RMSEA = 0.07; CFI = 0.94; NFI = 0.92; TLI = 0.91, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
In this study, a valid and reliable tool based on PMT to predict smoking behavior in students was introduced. This tool can be used in interventional and etiological studies. It also has questions related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid 19) virus and can be used in the coronavirus pandemic.
Home health care of Iranian elderly with dementia: Study protocol for guideline adaptation
Authors: Irajpour Alireza , Maleki Fatemeh , Shati Mohsen , Najafii Mohamad R. 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Advanced stages of dementia interfere with elderly self-care. Consequently, they need caregivers who take responsibility for their care in the long-term. Restrictions to the caregiver's access to information, resources, and organizational support have created problems in their caregiver role, which is why the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes caring for caregivers by providing evidence-based information and training programs. As there is no clinical practice guideline for home care in the Islamic Republic of Iran, this study aims to develop a home health care guideline for the elderly with dementia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The ADAPTE process provided by the Guidelines International Network was considered as the basis. In order to identify the care needs of Iranian patients with dementia, semi-structured interviews were added to this guideline.

DISCUSSION:
The identification and implementation of the perspectives of patients and caregivers during the process of guidelines adaptation increase the applicability of the guidelines. Improved quality of life for the patients in their place of residence is one of the expected consequences of this guideline's implementation. The developed guidelines will be used at home health care centers, and dementia and Alzheimer's associations in Iran.
Metamemory functioning and memory strategies used among medical students
Authors: Kancharla Kinjari , Kanagaraj Sagayaraj , C. N. Ram Gopal 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Metamemory can be described as an intentional endeavor to guide or control one's memory processes. In other words, awareness and knowledge of one's own memory process and strategies for using the memories effectively. Planning, allocating cognitive resources, selecting strategies, assessing understanding, and evaluating performance all rely heavily on metamemorial information. For efficient learning, good memory abilities are necessary. This study aimed to understand metamemory functioning and to see if there were any gender differences in metamemory functioning among medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting data from 350 medical students using the Memory Functioning Questionnaire in 2021. The sample group was selected from medical colleges in South India such as Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh using a purposive sampling technique. This questionnaire focused on the seriousness of forgetting, the rate at which people recalled things over time, and frequency of use of mnemonics and techniques that assist memory. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, correlation, and regression were used for analysis.

RESULTS:
There was a significant difference based on gender among medical students in general memory functioning and frequency of forgetting (P < 0.001). Similarly, it was also found that gender was a major predictor of general memory functioning and frequency of forgetting among medical students (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
Most medical students believe they have a minor memory issue. Even if the majority of medical students forget information, the vast majority of them believe they have an exceptional memory. Gender acts as a significant predictor of general memory performance and forgetfulness.
Challenges of providing health services to patients with cardiovascular diseases during disasters in Iran: A qualitative study
Authors: Moslehi Shandiz , Shirazi Fahimeh Barghi 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death in the world. Because of the rate of emergencies and disasters in the country, this study was conducted to investigate the challenges of providing health services to cardiovascular patients in emergencies and disasters in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This conventional content analysis study was conducted in 2020. Subjects were selected from among 16 Iranian experts) epidemiologists, cardiologists, PhD in Disaster Health, and PhD in Nursing (using purposeful and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed by the content analysis.

RESULTS:
The results were obtained after analyzing the data in the pre-emergency phase (lack of training on medication and nutrition, lack of training vulnerable groups, lack of databases of cardiovascular patients, and lack of identification of patients before disasters), the emergency response phase (lack of sleep and rest patterns, lack of health forces, lack of blood pressure control, lack of proper nutrition, increased medication needs, and lack of mental health interventions), and the post-emergency phase (lack of planning, lack of management of patients' mental problems).

CONCLUSION:
Developing strategies for planning, training, providing resources, and mental health during the three phases of the emergency management cycle for specific groups such as cardiovascular patients together with empowering these patients in the event of disasters is one of the key strategies which can be used after curbed emergencies and disasters to reduce the rate of mortality.
Prevalence and predictors of vaccine hesitancy among mothers of under-five children: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Goruntla Narayana , Akanksha Kokkala , Lalithaasudhaa Katta , Pinnu Vikash , Jinka Dasaratharamaiah , Bhupalam Pradeepkumar , Doniparthi Jyosna 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
The World Health Organization (WHO) states that vaccine hesitancy is one of the top 10 threats to global public health. Evidence shows that vaccine hesitancy studies in India are limited and targeted toward individual vaccines. The study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the relationship between demographics and SAGE factors toward vaccine hesitancy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A hospital-based, cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted in a non-governmental organization (NGO) hospital with 330 beds, located in Bathalapalli, Andhra Pradesh, India. Mothers of under-five children who attended outpatient departments of pediatrics or obstetrics and gynecology were included. A total of 574 mothers were enrolled and vaccine hesitancy was determined by reviewing the mother–child protection card for the presence of delay or refusal of the recommended vaccine. A face-to-face interview was conducted to obtain demographics and WHO–SAGE variables from the participants. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to associate independent variables (demographics and SAGE variables) with the dependent variable (vaccine hesitancy).

RESULTS:
Out of 574 respondents, 161 mother's children were noted as vaccine-hesitant (refusal = 7; delay = 154); and the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was 28.05%. The delay was observed in all recommended vaccines, but the refusal or reluctance was seen in only four vaccines (hepatitis B birth dose = 1; IPV 1 and 2 = 2; Measles 1 and 2 = 3; and Rota 1, 2, and 3 = 1). The respondents' demographics like no or lower parent education (OR = 3.17; 95%CI = 1.50–6.72) and fewer antenatal visits (OR = 2.30; 95%CI = 1.45–3.36) showed higher odds, whereas the upper socioeconomic status showed lower odds (OR = 0.09; 95%CI = 0.02–0.36) toward vaccine hesitancy. The WHO–SAGE dimensions like awareness (OR = 0.14; 95%CI = 0.03–0.53), poor access (OR = 7.76; 95%CI = 3.65–16.51), and low acceptability of the individual (OR = 07.15; 95%CI = 1.87–27.29), community (OR = 6.21; 95%CI = 1.58–24.33) were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy.

CONCLUSION:
The study concludes that the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was high. Vaccine safety and children's health are primary concerns for parents' refusal/reluctance. To achieve 100% immunization coverage, policymakers need to reduce vaccine hesitancy by developing strategies based on demographic and WHO–SAGE working group predictors.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward seasonal influenza vaccine during the COVID-19 pandemic among students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences-Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abushouk Amir , Ahmed Mohamed Eldigire , Althagafi Zaher , Almehmadi Abdulrhman , Alasmari Samer , Alenezi Fares , Fallata Muhannad , Alshamrani Rayan 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Annual influenza vaccine is recommended among health professionals especially, health science undergraduates; although, studies suggest that there is a low level of vaccine coverage among health care undergraduates. Thus, the study aimed to investigate students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the seasonal influenza vaccine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional, unicentral study was carried out during the period of April to November 2021. A total of 341 validated questionnaires that included four sections were distributed in all four different colleges of KSAU-HS. Data management and analyses were carried out using Statistical Software for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.

RESULTS:
Out of 341 respondents, 336 participants completed the full survey (98.53% completion rate). The majority of participants were males (67.6% and the most participants were from the college of medicine (60.4%). The mean knowledge score of students was found to be (11.3 ± 2.0) out of 14 points. The most common barrier to vaccination among healthcare students was not having enough time to take the vaccine (23.8%), while the second one was the COVID-19 pandemic (22.32%). The vaccination rate in 2020 was 103 (30.7%), while 235 (80.4%) students stated that they have received the vaccine previously. School/work requirements and the student's awareness of the vaccine's importance were the most common reasons for taking the influenza vaccine.

CONCLUSION:
Even though students showed a high level of knowledge and a positive attitude towards the influenza vaccine, they generally had a low level of vaccine uptake. To enhance immunization rates, we encourage vaccine campaigns in all healthcare colleges. Further studies are needed to identify influences on students' attitudes and practices regarding influenza vaccination.
Perceptions of medical undergraduate students toward biomedical research – A sequential, explanatory, mixed-method study from Puducherry, South India
Authors: Narayan Gaurang , Rajagopal Anandaraj , Moharana Lopamudra 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Biomedical research is not given adequate attention during undergraduation due to the failure of the medical curriculum to motivate the students to take up research, teach the research methodology, and emphasize the scope of research in the future. Our objective was to study the perceptions of medical undergraduate students toward biomedical research and to explore the facilitators and barriers to biomedical research.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was an explanatory, sequential, mixed-method study. Consenting medical undergraduate students, irrespective of their previous contribution to research, were interviewed by a pretested questionnaire concerning biomedical research, its barriers, and facilitators. For the qualitative component, two focused group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among students in the nonclinical and clinical phases. Data were analyzed and expressed as percentages. Thematic manual content analysis of the transcribed manuscripts was performed.

RESULTS:
This study included 553 participants. Only 5.52% had previous experience undertaking research. Self-interest and acquiring deeper knowledge were identified as drivers. Lack of motivation, proper guidance, and training in research methodology was found to be the barrier among 90% of the subjects. The FGD reflected the perceptions of students and variations in their ideologies toward taking up research.

CONCLUSION:
It becomes important to analyze the factors that promote or avert a student from taking up research. A thorough investigation in this regard will be helpful for future cohorts of medical students and will impact their decisions on taking up research and in seeking a career in research-based fields.
Adherence to medical nutrition therapy and it's challenges among antenatal women with gestational diabetes mellitus in South India- A sequential explanatory mixed-method study
Authors: Ravel Vanessa , Jayaseelan Venkatachalam , Rengaraj Sasirekha , Lakshminarayanan Subitha , Kannusamy Sivaranjini , Susindhran Balaji 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Globally, one in ten pregnant women have diabetes; out of which, 90% contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is the cornerstone for GDM treatment yet adherence to MNT among the masses is not adequately monitored as part of the routine antenatal services. The study aimed to estimate the proportion of adherence to MNT and determine the factors related toadherence among antenatal women with GDM. This study also explores the facilitators, barriers, and possible suggestions for improving adherence.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This facility-based sequential explanatory mixed-method study was conducted among 341 antenatal women with GDM at, Puducherry. The study was conducted in 2021. Dietary adherence was evaluated using Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire and based on the scores obtained they were selected for in-depth interviews to explore the facilitators and barriers. Collected data wereanalysed by Chi-square test using STATA version 16.

RESULTS:
Out of 341 participants, the proportion of participants adherent to MNT was 135 (39.6%) with 95% CI of 34%–44%. Thepredictors for poor adherence were unemployment (PR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.48–0.88) and good adherence was antenatal women in the 2nd trimester (PR: 1.541; 95%CI: 1.18–2.025). Barrierstonon-adherence were financial crisis, lack of awareness ofthe need for MNT, and joint family pressure.

CONCLUSIONS:
About two-thirds of antenatal women with GDM are non-adherent to MNT. Unemployment and period of gestation were found to be theirdeterminants. Appropriate action has to be implemented for improving the adherence rate.
Prevalence of disability among the elderly people in an urban slum of Chennai – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ravi Jeevapriya , Kuzhali S , Ramamoorthy Parameswary 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Human population is ageing worldwide. Disabilities are common with ageing; but most of the studies focused on the medical model of disability. However, “disability and elderly” encompasses a larger spectrum of conditions and needs to be studied as a broader concept. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of disability in elderly people in terms of WHO DAS 2.0 Scale and to identify the factors associated with disability in the elderly people.

Methodology:
A sample of 220 elderly people was enrolled by multistage random sampling from TP Chatram, a slum in Chennai. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire about the socio-demographic details was administered. The disability was assessed by WHO DAS 2.0 Scale. The data entered in Microsoft Excel were analysed using SPSS 21.0. Results are expressed in mean, proportions, and odds ratio appropriately.

Results:
The prevalence of disability was found to be 20.9%. The mean disability scores were more in the domain of getting along with people (34.68 ± 14.70), followed by the domain of getting around (30.64 ± 24.33) and societal participation (25.55 ± 21.97). Advancing age, female gender, presence of chronic illness were the factors increasing the risk of disability. Education confers significant protection against the development of disability.

Conclusion:
It is not only the physical inability that disables the elderly but also the lack of societal participation. So it becomes the responsibility of every individual to make the elderly people socially inclusive apart from screening them to detect disability in the earlier stage itself.
Intrapartum respectful maternity care practices and its barriers in Eastern India
Authors: Yadav Pooja , Smitha Moonjelly Vijayan , Jacob Jaison , Begum Jasmina 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Respectful maternal care (RMC) is increasingly recognized globally as critical to improving the quality of maternity care as women deserve respectful and dignified care. Numerous women face disrespectful maternal care during labor and delivery, especially in low- and middle-income countries, which dissuades them from seeking institutional care. Women, the consumers of care, are better positioned to report on the level of respectful care they receive. Health care workers’ perspectives on barriers to delivering respective maternity care are seldom explored. Thus, this study aims to assess the levels of respectful maternity care and its barriers.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study assesses the level of RMC and its barriers in the labor room of tertiary care hospital in Odisha among 246 women selected by consecutive sampling technique by a questionnaire.

Results:
More than one-third of women reported good RMC. Although women rated high in domains of environment, resources, dignified care, and non-discrimination, non-consented care and non-confidential care were poorly rated. Barriers that adversely affect the delivery of RMC perceived by health care workers were lack of resources, staffing, uncooperative mother, communication issues, privacy issues, lack of policies, workload, and language problems. There was a significant association of RMC with age, education, occupation, and income. In contrast, residence, marital status, number of children, antenatal visit, type of institute of antenatal care, mode of delivery, and gender of health care provider were not associated with RMC.

Conclusion:
Given the above findings, we recommend vigorous efforts to improve the institutional policies, resources, training, and supervision of health care professionals on women’s rights during childbirth to strengthen the quality of care for positive birth experiences.