bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biennial sugar beets capable of flowering without vernalization treatment
Authors: Yosuke Kuroda , Kuranouchi Toshikazu , Okazaki Kazuyuki , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Taguchi Kazunori 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A biennial sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) generally takes two years to flower and complete its life cycle. In the first year, the plant grows vegetatively, and then enters a period of cold winter. In the second year, it grows reproductively and initiates flowering under long daylength conditions. Among biennial beets that grow vegetatively in outdoor field conditions, two strains were found to flower early under 24-hour daylength conditions without being exposed to cold temperatures. The hypothetical locus related to the flowering trend was named ‘BLOND’ and crossings between strains of the BLOND and normal biennials yielded hybrid derivatives of F1, F2, and BC1F1. Bolting rate was investigated both in an outdoor field under natural daylength conditions and in a greenhouse with an artificial 24-hour daylength. BLOND strains and hybrid derivatives did not bolt in the outdoor field similar to those in the biennial control strains. This enables evaluation of important agronomic traits, such as yield, which cannot be evaluated using an annual control strain in which all plants bolt. However, under 24-hour daylength conditions, BLOND strains bolted without vernalization treatment, unlike those in the biennial control strains but similar to annuals. The bolting rates of the hybrid derivatives suggested that the flowering characteristics of BLOND were mainly controlled by a single dominant gene. Because seed production in BLOND is estimated to take at least four months, similar to that of the annual beet, BLOND’s bolt rate may be applicable for speed breeding of sugar beets.
A mild dose of aspirin promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and working memory in experimental ageing mice
Authors: Andrews Jemi Feiona Vergil , Selvaraj Divya Bharathi , Kumar Akshay , Roshan Syed Aasish , Anusuyadevi Muthuswamy , Kandasamy Mahesh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aspirin treatment is the most widely used preventive measure against cardiovascular diseases. Aspirin is also expected to provide beneficial effects on the brain. However, the association between aspirin treatment and neurocognitive functions is a subject of debate. Ample reports strongly advocate that a mild dose of aspirin positively modulates hippocampal plasticity responsible for memory. Aspirin is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor but the underlying mechanism through which aspirin modulates neuroplasticity remains unclear. Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus has been established as an underlying basis of learning and memory. Therefore, aspirin treatment might be linked to the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis. Thus, this study revisited the effect of low-dose aspirin on learning and memory in correlation with the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis in the brains of ageing experimental mice. Results from the novel object recognition (NOR) test, Morris water maze (MWM), and cued radial arm maze (cued RAM) revealed that aspirin treatment enhances working memory in experimental ageing mice. Further, the co-immunohistochemical assessments on the brain sections indicated an increased number of doublecortin (DCX) positive immature neurons and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)/neuronal nuclei (NeuN) double-positive newly generated neurons in the hippocampi of mice in aspirin-treated group compared to the control group. Recently, enhanced activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in circulation has been identified as an indicative biomarker of dementia. The biochemical assessment in the blood of aspirin-treated mice showed decreased activity of AChE than that of the control group. This study supports the procognitive effects of aspirin which can be translated to treat dementia.
The prognostic value of coronary flow reserve in patients with non- obstructive coronary artery disease and microvascular dysfunction A systematic review and meta-analysis with focus on imaging modality and sex difference
Authors: Jensen Signe Miang , Prescott Eva Irene Bossano , Abdulla Jawdat 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Pupose: To clarify prognosis of patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) and coronary microvascular disease (CMD) assessed as low coronary flow reserve (CFR) according to imaging modalities and sex difference.
Methods: Comprehensive systematic literature review and meta-analyses were conducted. Risk of death and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were pooled and compared in patients with abnormally low versus normal CFR using cut-off limits 2.0-2.5. Random effects model used for estimation of odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: Nineteen eligible observational studies provided data for death and MACE, publication bias was insignificant, p=0.62. Risk of death and MACE were significantly higher in patients with low (n=4.612, 29%) than normal CFR (n=11.367, 71%): using transthoracal echocardiography (TTE) (OR 4.25 (95%CI: 2.94, 6.15) p<0.001) and (OR 6.98 (95% CI:2.56, 19.01) p<0.001), positron emission tomography (PET) (OR 2.51 (CI 95%: 1.40, 4..49) p=0.002) and (OR 2.87 (95%CI: 2.16, 3.81) p<0.001), and invasive intracoronary assessment (OR 2.23 (95%CI: 1.15, 4.34) p<0.018), and (OR 4.61 (95%CI: 2.51, 8.48) p<0.001), respectively. Pooled adjusted HR for death and MACE were (HR 2.45(95%CI: 1.37, 3.53) p<0.001) and (HR 2.08 (95%CI: 1.54, 2.63) p<0.001) respectively. Studies comparing men and women with abnormally low CFR demonstrated similar worse prognosis in both sexes.
Conclusion: Low CFR is associated with poorer prognosis in patients with NOCAD regardless of sex. TTE may overestimate risk of death and MACE, while PET seems to be more appropriate. Future studies are needed to consolidate the current evidence.
Slow gait speed could be a signal for common geriatric syndromes besides sarcopenia
Authors: He Xu , Li Yan , Chen Jun , Zhang Li , Quan Jing , Lu Sunrui , Ying Zhou , Huang Yan , Wang Kehua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background In China geriatricians is inadequate for the growing elderly. We need more doctors to recognize geriatric syndromes with a simple examination, which could help more elderly have better care.Aims Clarified that slow gait speed could be a signal to identify common geriatric syndromes besides sarcopenia in elderly outpatients.Methods According to the gait speed cut-off (< 1.0m/s), we classified 985 elderly outpatients (457 men and 528 women) into two groups. The groups were defined as the normal speed group (NSG, gait speed ≥ 1.0m/s), and the slow speed group (SSG, gait speed < 1.0m/s). We used the CGA management system Simply Edition (CGA-SE) software to collect data and compared demographic variations and the prevalence of functional decline in the two groups.Results Participants in SSG were significantly older, shorter in height, lighter in weight, used more drugs, and had a higher score in Edmonton, SDS, SAS, and MNA, and a lower score in BADL, and MMSE than in NSG. And they had significantly higher prevalence percentages in frailty, disability, depression, and dementia than in NSG. In addition, gait speed was an independent protective factor associated with frailty, disability, dementia, and swallowing dysfunction. And slow gait speed was an independent risk factor associated with frailty, depression, and dementia. Furthermore, participants with comorbidity, better function in daily life, and good cognition usually had faster gait speeds. However, participants with polypharmacy, low education, malnutrition risk, and frailty usually had slow gait speed(p < 0.05).Discuss Clinical physicians should give more attention to those with slow gait speed elderly outpatients, and be alert to their geriatric syndromes.Conclusions Slow gait speed could be a signal for several common geriatric syndromes in elderly outpatients. We recommended 6 meters gait speed test as a routine examination for the elderly, not only in the geriatric department but also others serving the elderly.
Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Model for AFP- Negative Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Zhou , Chen Dongmei , Zheng Yansong , Wang Xuedan , Huang Shuna , Lin Tiansheng , Lin Yihan , Zhang Yanfang , Huang Yingna , Ou Qishui , Huang Jinlan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose：AFP appears to be negative about 30% of overall hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study aimed to develop a nomogram model to diagnose AFP negative HCC (AFPN-HCC).
Patients and methods: The training set and the external validation set consisted of 516 and 456 objects. LASSO, univariate and multivariable logistic regression were performed to construct the model and then transformed into a visualized nomogram. We further used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC) for validation.
Results:Four variables included age, PIVKA-II, platelet (PLT) counts and prothrombin time(PT) were selected to establish the nomogram. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC to distinguish AFPN-HCC patients was 0.937(95%CI, 0.892-0.938) in training set and 0.942(95%CI, 0.921-0.963) using the validation set and indicated satisfactory discriminative ability of the model. The calibration plots showed favorable consistency between the prediction of the nomogram and actual observations. DCA and CIC showed that the nomogram was clinically useful.
Conclusions:Our model was effective for discrimination of AFPN-HCC from control subsets, and might be helpful for the diagnosis for AFPN-HCC.
Lactate-Modulated the Immunosuppressive Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells through TET2-mediated SGK1 demethylation
Authors: Chu Ying , Shen Hua , Dai Haiyan , Wang Yahui , Da Wenxin , Dai Yao , Chen Zhihong , Shen Bo , Zhang Yan , Bao Pengtao , Zhang Xinxin , Cao Fenghua , Zhu Wei , Xu Huaxi , Wang Shengjun , Ma Jie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is a collection of myeloid-derived heterogenetic cells, which has immunosuppressive capabilities in the occurrence and development of tumor. We found that compared with spleen-derived MDSCs (SP-MDSCs) of lung cancer mice xenograft model, tumor -derived MDSCs (T-MDSCs) had stronger immunosuppressive function which was caused by lactate in the tumor microenvironment. Here we revealed that lactate was involved in regulating the function and glycolysis of MDSCsand serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1(SGK1) should be an important factor during this process. Further studies demonstrated that lactate could down-regulate the DNA methylation level of SGK1 by regulating the Ten-Eleven-Translocation-2 (TET2). In summary, our findings indicated an indispensable role of lactate in the immunosuppressive functions and glycolysis of MDSCs for the first time and offer an effective therapeutic target for anti-tumor therapy.
Bosons Thermodynamics in the gravity field
Authors: Ferrari Loris , Pavan Fabrizio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A uniform force like the weight has been shown to forbid Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), due to the discretness of the Airy spectrum, resulting from the weight. We show that BEC is forbidden even if the Airy spectrum is treated as continuous, in what we call the approximate continuous limit (ACL). The absence of BEC is due to the non vanishing limit g (ε0) > 0 of the Riemann integrable density of states (DOS), at the ground state level ε0. A thorough study is made, showing the way the Bose-Einstein condensate grows, at temperatures lower than the fictiuos BEC temperature Tf , resulting from the limit ε0 → 0. A comparison with some experimental data shows the difference between the confinement in a rigid-wall reservoir and in a harmonic trap.
Perceptions and Intention to get vaccinated against Mpox among the LGTBIQ+ Community during the 2022 outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Study in Peru
Authors: Araoz-Salinas Julieta M. , Ortiz-Saavedra Brando , Ponce-Rosas Linda , Soriano-Moreno David R. , Soriano Anderson N. , Alave Jorge , Gonzales-Zamora Jose A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Vaccination against mpox can control the outbreak by targeting high-risk groups, such as the LGTBIQ + community. The aim of the study was to evaluate the perception and intention to get vaccinated against mpox among the LGTBIQ + community in Peru.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from November 1, 2022, to January 17, 2023, in Peru. We included individuals over 18 years old, belonging to the LGBTIQ + community, and residing in the departments of Lima and Callao. To evaluate the factors associated with the intention to be vaccinated, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to create a multivariate model.Results The study comprised 373 individuals who self-identified as members of the LGBTIQ + community. The participants had a mean age of 31 years (SD ± 9), with 85.0% of males, and 75.3% reporting to be homosexual men. The majority (88.5%) expressed their intention to receive the vaccine against mpox. Believing that the vaccine is safe was associated with a higher intention to be vaccinated (aPR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.50; p = 0.028).Conclusions Our study population showed a high level of mpox vaccination intent. Educational campaigns reinforcing the concept of vaccine safety should be conducted to increase the intention and possibly the vaccination rate in the LGTBIQ + community.
Ramanujan τ-function and its relationship with PSL(2,ℤ) for ℒ24(τ)+,E
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep , Bose Pradipta Narayan , Samal Priyanka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A relation has been computed for the Θ- function and τ- function with the modular group PSL(2,ℤ) for the Leech Lattice ℒ equipped 24D Euclidean Space denoted as E in the positive–definite with even form + for the coherent structure ℒ24(τ)+,E.
The unique turret region of Kv3 channels governs the mechanism of action of highly specific positive allosteric modulators.
Authors: Covarrubias Manuel , Liang Qiansheng , Zhi Lianteng , Cirqueira Leonardo , Pilati Nadia , Marasco Agostino , Gunthorpe Martin , Alvaro Giuseppe , Large Charles , Treptow Werner 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Small-molecule modulators of diverse voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels may help treat severe neurological disorders. However, the development of selective modulators requires an understanding of their mechanism-of-action (MoA). We applied an orthogonal approach to elucidate the MoA of an imidazolidinedione derivative (AUT5), which is a highly specific positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of Kv3.1 and Kv3.2 channels. AUT5 modulation involves positive cooperativity and preferential stabilization of the open state. Critically, we found that the unique and highly conserved extracellular turret region of Kv3.1 and Kv3.2 essentially governs AUT5 modulation. Furthermore, leveraging on the cryo-EM structure of Kv3.1a, atomistic blind docking calculations revealed four equivalent AUT5 binding sites near the turrets and between the voltage-sensing and pore domains of the channel’s tetrameric assembly. Therefore, the unique Kv3 turret emerges as a novel structural correlate of the selective MoA of a new class of Kv3 channel PAMs with a therapeutic potential.
Haemophagocytic lymphocytosis (HLH) vicious cycle in a Cannabinoids addict patient case report and disease review.
Authors: Amer Amro Essam , Hamdar Hiba , Amer Ahmed Essam , Mohamed Shueb A. , Abdelrahman Pensee Chebl Abdelgwaad , Megid Nermen Magdy Abdel , Frrag Eman M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Haemophagocytic lymphocytosis (HLH) is a rare life-threatening syndrome caused by the uncontrolled activity of cytokines, natural killers, and macrophages, which can alter the activity of the organism, resulting in multiple organ dysfunction and mortality. Fever, splenomegaly, coagulopathies, dyspnea, changes in mental status, or irritability may be associated with HLH diseases. Depending on the underlying causes, such as bacterial or viral infections, HLH may be primary, hereditary, or secondary. The early diagnosis and treatment of patients are directly related to their prognosis and clinical outcome. On the other hand, HLH can present a number of obstacles, particularly for children and newborns, as well as hematological defects which might cause other autoimmune disorders. Case presentation: We present a case of a 28-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital with a history of persistent high grade fever for two weeks, right lower limb swelling three weeks prior to admission, and right side weakness for one month. Aside from being addicted to cannabis for three years, the patient has no prior medical history. On admission, the patient was awake, conscious, oriented, and hemodynamically stable. A complete blood count, ultrasound examinations, and a whole-body CT scan revealed that the results were favorable for multiple enlarged lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly. The patient was given acyclovir, Vfend, Colistin, Targocid, Tinam, Septrin, and anticoagulant during the follow-up. The patient's clinical condition was rapidly deteriorating; a bone marrow biopsy was performed, which revealed haemophagocytosis; and dexamethasone was started. The patient's clinical condition deteriorated during his hospital stay until he went into cardiac arrest and had to be resuscitated for 30 minutes with pulseless electrical activity. Background and Aim: This case suggests that we should be vigilant to the patient who is admitted to the hospital with symptoms for unknown reasons, in order to diagnose HLH as soon as possible and clarify its cause, and it also puts several theories regarding the pathogenicity of this disease in our hands, which will be described in this case, making this case a subject for discussion and research in the medical field. Conclusion: Haemophagocytic lymphocytosis (HLH) is a severe inflammatory disease that improperly controls the body's immune response. Viruses and bacterial infections are just two examples of the various etiological causes that can cause it. Lab results and symptom presentations that are particular to the primary infection can indicate it. Diagnosis and treatment must be provided as soon as possible in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.
CCAR Stress Testing Impacts on Home Equity Loan Originations and Purchases
Authors: Sedai Akash , Medda Francesca 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study shows how post-crisis stress tests have affected the
supply of home equity business loans. Stress tested banks reduce their loan
originations but the reduction in loan purchases is more dramatic among
stress tested banks that failed the exercise. The magnitude of these effects
is inversely proportional to the size of the loans. Even though the aggregate
level of credit supply is relatively unchanged, within each size category of
loans adopted in this study, growth rates are directly proportional to its
origination size. The loan distributions significantly differ among stresstested
and non-stress-tested banks and there are significant geographical
shifts in loan originations both by categories of banks and size of loans.
Regulation of Pharmaceuticals in Developing Nations: A Case from Nepal
Authors: Poudel Bhupendra Kumar , Ishii Itsuko 
Published: April 2023

Department of Drug Administration (DDA), medicine regulatory authority of Nepal, is aligned towards achieving Universal Health Coverage through the regulation of medicines, pharmacies, manufacturing facilities and medicine testing laboratories from its offices located in Kathmandu, Birgunj, Biratnagar and Nepalgunj and takes legal or administrative actions as appropriate. It has its own regulatory laboratory, National Medicines Laboratory for testing and analysis of medicines. Besides, DDA reports suspected ADR to Upshala Monitoring Centre, Sweden, provides drug information and conducts regulatory trainings. Unlike in the developed world, DDA may not be able to fulfill all of its objectives. But then, a mechanism of regulation of pharmaceuticals is functional and is dynamic as per national need.https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v04n04p018 (DOI assigned 5/14/2019)
Comparison of Southern-by-Sequencing (SbSTM) technology and Southern Blot Analysis for Molecular Characterization of Genetically Modified Crops
Authors: Brink Kent , Anitha S. C. , Beatty Mary K. , Anderson Jennifer A. , Lyon Megan , Weaver Janine , Dietrich Nina 
Published: April 2023

Southern blot analysis is typically used for molecular characterization of genetically modified (GM) crops. Southern-by-Sequencing (SbSTM technology, hereafter referred to as SbS) is a high-throughput, sequence-based alternative technique utilizing targeted sequence capture coupled with next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics tools to achieve the same molecular endpoints. To demonstrate that both SbS and Southern blot analysis reach the same conclusions about insertion copy number and intactness of the inserted DNA, both techniques were used to characterize four soybean GM events containing simple or complex DNA insertions. To demonstrate that both techniques reach the same conclusions about the presence of unintended DNA, maize GM events containing Agrobacterium plasmid backbone fragments were characterized. Additionally, oligonucleotides containing varying lengths of target sequence were analyzed to compare both techniques’ sensitivity for detecting small insertions. SbS and Southern blots had similar sensitivity and provided comparable results for copy number and intactness of simple and complex DNA insertions. Both techniques also had comparable results for detection of unintended plasmid backbone DNA sequences and small DNA fragments. Thus, SbS can deliver the same endpoints as Southern blot analysis for key molecular characterization aspects of GM crops and gene edited varieties, providing important information to inform regulatory decisions.
https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v07brink
Aflatoxin risk management in Texas: test kit approval for maize
Authors: Dai Susie , Lee Kyung-Min , Li Wei , Balthrop Jim , Herrman Timothy 
Published: April 2023

Five commercially available quantitative test kits were evaluated for their capability to measure naturally contaminated maize samples at 59 µg/kg, 306 µg/kg, and 901 µg/kg aflatoxin levels. The aflatoxin contaminated maize samples, collected during the 2010 Texas corn harvest, were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC) official method 2005.08. Five aflatoxin quantitative test kits approved for measuring aflatoxin contaminated maize containing <100 mg/kg by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Grain Inspection Packers and Stockyard Administration (GIPSA) were evaluated by three analysts who analyzed seven 50 gram samples for each of the three sources of aflatoxin contaminated grain. The relative difference between the HPLC measurements and test kit results were analyzed using an analysis of variance. Significant two-way interactions were observed among the three explanatory variables including analysts, test kit, and aflatoxin level. No significant main effect was observed for analyst. All quantitative test kits performed within GIPSA prescribed performance criteria for the low and medium (59 µg/kg and 306 µg/kg) aflatoxin levels and were approved by the Texas State Chemist to measure aflatoxin contaminated maize as part of the Office of the Texas State Chemist’s (OTSC) aflatoxin risk management program. One test kit failed to perform within extrapolated GIPSA criteria at the 901 µg/kg.