bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light convolutional neural network by neural architecture search and model pruning for bearing fault diagnosis and remaining useful life prediction
Authors: Ruan Diwang , Han Jinzhao , Yan Jianping , Gühmann Clemens 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConvolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been extensively used in bearing fault diagnosis and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction. However, accompanied by CNN’s increasing performance is a deeper network structure and growing parameter size. This prevents it from being deployed in industrial applications with limited computation resources. To this end, this paper proposed a two-step method to build a cell-based light CNN by Neural Architecture Search (NAS) and weights-ranking-based model pruning. In the first step, a cell-based CNN was constructed with searched optimal cells and the number of stacking cells was limited to reduce the network size after influence analysis. To search for the optimal cells, a base CNN model with stacking cells was initially built, and Differentiable Architecture Search was adopted after continuous relaxation. In the second step, the connections in the built cell-based CNN were further reduced by weights-ranking-based pruning. Experiment data from the Case Western Reserve University was used for validation under the task of fault classification. Results showed that the CNN with only two cells achieved a test accuracy of 99.969% and kept at 99.968% even if 50% connections were removed. Furthermore, compared with base CNN, the parameter size of the 2-cells CNN was reduced from 9.677MB to 0.197MB. Finally, after minor revision, the network structure was adapted to achieve bearing RUL prediction and validated with the PRONOSTIA test data. Both tasks confirmed the feasibility and superiority of constructing a light cell-based CNN with NAS and pruning, which laid the potential to realize a light CNN in embedded systems.
Manual reduction for incarcerated obturator hernia
Authors: Gokon Yusuke , Ohki Yusuke , Ogino Takahiro , Hatoyama Keiichiro , Oikawa Takahiro , Shimizu Kenji , Katsura Kazunori , Abe Takayuki , Sato Koichiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmergent surgery is a common approach for incarcerated obturator hernias, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Moreover, there have been reports of elective surgery cases after noninvasive manual reduction. For a decade, the initial approach in our institution is also manual reduction unless bowel viability is poor. This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of manual reduction followed by elective surgery. We retrospectively reviewed 50 cases of incarcerated obturator hernia from 2010 to 2022 at Iwate Prefectural Iwai Hospital. Manual reduction was attempted in 31 (62%) patients. The reduction was successful in 21 (42%) patients, and most of them received mesh repair using the extraperitoneal approach as elective surgery. However, two patients underwent emergent surgery in the waiting period because of late-onset constriction and a small bowel perforation. Patients with irreducible hernia underwent emergent surgery, except for two patients who received the best supportive care. Postoperative complications were observed in 5% and 22% of reducible and irreducible cases, respectively. Postoperative mortality was zero in both groups. Manual reduction is useful in some cases, but careful observation is needed because late-onset constriction and perforation could occur.
Association between asymmetric dimethylarginine and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women
Authors: Yokoro Miyuki , Otaki Naoto , Yano Megumu , Imamura Tomomi , Tanino Norikazu , Fukuo Keisuke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAsymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of endothelium nitric oxide synthesis and causes endothelial dysfunction that may be related to sarcopenia. However, the association between ADMA and sarcopenia has not been studied. We evaluated the correlations between plasma ADMA levels and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women. In total, 144 community-dwelling older women participated in this study. Plasma ADMA levels were measured using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Skeletal muscle mass, measured in terms of bioimpedance and grip strength, was used to assess sarcopenia. Plasma ADMA levels were significantly higher in participants with sarcopenia than in those without sarcopenia. Through receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, the cutoff value of plasma ADMA level for sarcopenia was estimated at 0.57 μM. Sarcopenia was significantly more prevalent in participants with higher plasma ADMA levels than in those with lower plasma ADMA levels. According to logistic regression analysis, the crude odds ratio of higher plasma ADMA levels in participants with sarcopenia was 4.57 (95% confidence interval, 1.82–11.47; p = 0.001). Reductions in the skeletal muscle mass index over 2 years were significantly greater in participants with higher plasma ADMA levels. In conclusion, plasma ADMA levels were significantly associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women.
Prevalence of chronic pain in hemodialysis patients and its correlation with C-reactive protein: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mizher Aya , Hammoudi Heba , Hamed Farah , Sholi Abrar , AbuTaha Adham , Abdalla Mazen A. , Jaber Mohammad M. , Hassan Mohannad , Koni Amer A. , Zyoud Sa’ed H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEnd-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a common chronic disease worldwide that requires hemodialysis. Patients may face chronic pain and poor quality of life. Therefore, a better understanding of these variables in hemodialysis patients is essential to provide a good intervention. We aim to determine how common chronic pain is in hemodialysis patients and its correlation with sociodemographics, C-reactive protein (CRP), calcium, phosphorus, albumin, and parathyroid hormone. A cross-sectional study of hemodialysis patients was conducted in Palestine. Data collection took place between November 2020 and May 2021. We used the brief pain inventory score to assess chronic pain, and lab tests detected CRP levels. Data were collected using a convenience sampling technique. There were two hundred sixty-one patients in the present study. The mean age of the patients was 51 years, with 63.6% being men. 47.1% of them reported having chronic pain. Gender (p = 0.011), social status (p = 0.003), educational status (p = 0.010), and number of chronic diseases (p = 0.004) indicated a significant relationship with the severity score of pain. Furthermore, sex (p = 0.011), social status (p = 0.003), and number of chronic diseases (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with the pain interference score. Additionally, Person’s test indicated significant correlations between CRP and pain severity (p < 0.001) and with pain interference (p < 0.001). Albumin was significantly and negatively correlated with pain severity (p = 0.001) and pain interference (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that patients who had a higher CRP level and many chronic diseases were more likely to have a higher pain severity score. However, pain severity was the only predictor for pain interference. Our results suggest that there is a significant correlation between the existence of chronic pain in hemodialysis patients and increased CRP levels. However, further investigations are needed with a larger number of patients in more than one dialysis unit to confirm this correlation and management of chronic pain in patients with HD.
Questionnaire survey on pharmacists’ roles among non- and health care professionals in medium-sized cities in Japan
Authors: Horio Fukuko , Ikeda Tokunori , Kouzaki Yanosuke , Hirahara Tomoo , Masa Kengo , Narita Sawana , Tomita Yusuke , Tsuruzoe Shu , Fujisawa Akihiko , Akinaga Yuki , Ashizuka Yoko , Inoue Yuki , Unten Ayaka , Okamura Katsutoshi , Takechi Yuiko , Takenouchi Yasuhiro , Tanaka Fuka , Masuda Chiharu , Sugimura Yusuke , Uchida Yuji 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough the scope of pharmacists’ work has expanded in Japan, people’s perception of this is unclear. To contribute to medical care together with non- and health care professionals, clarifying the perceptions of these groups is important to best utilize pharmacist professionals. We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey among non-health care professionals (n = 487) and nurses (n = 151), medical doctors (n = 133), and pharmacists (n = 204) regarding the work of pharmacists. The questionnaire comprised 56 items in four categories associated with the roles of pharmacists. For each questionnaire item, we performed logistic regression analysis to compare pharmacists’ opinions with those of other professionals and non-health care professionals. Opinions were similar between pharmacists and nurses or medical doctors regarding “collecting patient information” and “providing drug information to patients.” However, there were differences in perceptions regarding “medical collaboration” (nurses; 8/23 items, physicians; 11/23 items) and “community medicine” (nurses; 9/15 items, physicians; 11/15 items), and pharmacists themselves perceived greater roles related to health care collaboration and community health care. Perceptions of non-health care professionals were poorer than those of pharmacists in all categories (47/56 items). These results suggest that pharmacists must actively communicate to help others understand their specialty and build trusting relationships to improve patient care.
CRISPR-clear imaging of melanin-rich B16-derived solid tumors
Authors: Schubert Rajib , Bae Taegeun , Simic Branko , Smith Sheena N. , Park Seong-Ho , Nagy-Davidescu Gabriela , Gradinaru Viviana , Plückthun Andreas , Hur Junho K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTissue clearing combined with deep imaging has emerged as a powerful technology to expand classical histological techniques. Current techniques have been optimized for imaging sparsely pigmented organs such as the mammalian brain. In contrast, melanin-rich pigmented tissue, of great interest in the investigation of melanomas, remains challenging. To address this challenge, we have developed a CRISPR-based gene editing approach that is easily incorporated into existing tissue-clearing workflows such the PACT clearing method. We term this method CRISPR-Clear. We demonstrate its applicability to highly melanin-rich B16-derived solid tumors, including one made transgenic for HER2, constituting one of very few syngeneic mouse tumors that can be used in immunocompetent models. We demonstrate the utility in detailed tumor characterization by staining for targeting antibodies and nanoparticles, as well as expressed fluorescent proteins. With CRISPR-Clear we have unprecedented access to optical interrogation in considerable portions of intact melanoma tissue for stained surface markers, expressed fluorescent proteins, of subcellular compartments, and of the vasculature.
Insect decline in forests depends on species’ traits and may be mitigated by management
Authors: Staab Michael , Gossner Martin M. , Simons Nadja K. , Achury Rafael , Ambarlı Didem , Bae Soyeon , Schall Peter , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Blüthgen Nico 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInsects are declining, but the underlying drivers and differences in responses between species are still largely unclear. Despite the importance of forests, insect trends therein have received little attention. Using 10 years of standardized data (120,996 individuals; 1,805 species) from 140 sites in Germany, we show that declines occurred in most sites and species across trophic groups. In particular, declines (quantified as the correlation between year and the respective community response) were more consistent in sites with many non-native trees or a large amount of timber harvested before the onset of sampling. Correlations at the species level depended on species’ life-history. Larger species, more abundant species, and species of higher trophic level declined most, while herbivores increased. This suggests potential shifts in food webs possibly affecting ecosystem functioning. A targeted management, including promoting more natural tree species composition and partially reduced harvesting, can contribute to mitigating declines.
DDX3Y is likely the key spermatogenic factor in the AZFa region that contributes to human non-obstructive azoospermia
Authors: Dicke Ann-Kristin , Pilatz Adrian , Wyrwoll Margot J. , Punab Margus , Ruckert Christian , Nagirnaja Liina , Aston Kenneth I. , Conrad Donald F. , Di Persio Sara , Neuhaus Nina , Fietz Daniela , Laan Maris , Stallmeyer Birgit , Tüttelmann Frank 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNon-obstructive azoospermia, the absence of sperm in the ejaculate due to disturbed spermatogenesis, represents the most severe form of male infertility. De novo microdeletions of the Y-chromosomal AZFa region are one of few well-established genetic causes for NOA and are routinely analysed in the diagnostic workup of affected men. So far, it is unclear which of the three genes located in the AZFa chromosomal region is indispensible for germ cell maturation. Here we present four different likely pathogenic loss-of-function variants in the AZFa gene DDX3Y identified by analysing exome sequencing data of more than 1,600 infertile men. Three of the patients underwent testicular sperm extraction and revealed the typical AZFa testicular Sertoli cell-only phenotype. One of the variants was proven to be de novo. Consequently, DDX3Y represents the AZFa key spermatogenic factor and screening for variants in DDX3Y should be included in the diagnostic workflow.
Precision-activated T-cell engagers targeting HER2 or EGFR and CD3 mitigate on-target, off-tumor toxicity for immunotherapy in solid tumors
Authors: Cattaruzza Fiore , Nazeer Ayesha , To Milton , Hammond Mikhail , Koski Caitlin , Liu Lucas Y. , Pete Yeung V. , Rennerfeldt Deena A. , Henkensiefken Angela , Fox Michael , Lam Sharon , Morrissey Kari M. , Lange Zachary , Podust Vladimir N. , Derynck Mika K. , Irving Bryan A. , Schellenberger Volker 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo enhance the therapeutic index of T-cell engagers (TCEs), we engineered masked, precision-activated TCEs (XPAT proteins), targeting a tumor antigen (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)) and CD3. Unstructured XTEN polypeptide masks flank the N and C termini of the TCE and are designed to be released by proteases in the tumor microenvironment. In vitro, unmasked HER2-XPAT (uTCE) demonstrates potent cytotoxicity, with XTEN polypeptide masking providing up to 4-log-fold protection. In vivo, HER2-XPAT protein induces protease-dependent antitumor activity and is proteolytically stable in healthy tissues. In non-human primates, HER2-XPAT protein demonstrates a strong safety margin (>400-fold increase in tolerated maximum concentration versus uTCE). HER2-XPAT protein cleavage is low and similar in plasma samples from healthy and diseased humans and non-human primates, supporting translatability of stability to patients. EGFR-XPAT protein confirmed the utility of XPAT technology for tumor targets more widely expressed in healthy tissues.
Repetitive schistosoma exposure causes perivascular lung fibrosis and persistent pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Lee Michael H. , Kassa Biruk , Fonseca Balladares Dara C. , Mickael Claudia , Sanders Linda , Andruska Adam , Kumar Maya , Spiekerkoetter Edda , Bandeira Angela , Stenmark Kurt R. , Tuder Rubin M. , Graham Brian B 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) can occur as a complication of schistosomiasis. In humans, schistosomiasis-PH persists despite antihelminthic therapy and parasite eradication. We hypothesized that persistent disease arises as a consequence of exposure repetition.
Methods: Following intraperitoneal sensitization, mice were experimentally exposed to Schistosoma eggs by intravenous injection, either once or three times repeatedly. The phenotype was characterized by right heart catheterization and tissue analysis.
Results: Following intraperitoneal sensitization, a single intravenous Schistosoma egg exposure resulted in a PH phenotype that peaked at 7–14 days, followed by spontaneous resolution. Three sequential exposures resulted in a persistent PH phenotype. Inflammatory cytokines were not significantly different between mice exposed to one or three egg doses, but there was an increase in perivascular fibrosis in those who received three egg doses. Significant perivascular fibrosis was also observed in autopsy specimens from patients who died of this condition.
Conclusions: Repeatedly exposing mice to schistosomiasis causes a persistent PH phenotype, accompanied by perivascular fibrosis. Perivascular fibrosis may contribute to the persistent schistosomiasis-PH observed in humans with this disease.
The role of the Mediator complex in fungal pathogenesis and response to antifungal agents
Authors: O'Connor-Moneley James , Alaalm Leenah , Moran Gary P. , Sullivan Derek J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mediator is a complex of polypeptides that plays a central role in the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to promoters and subsequent transcriptional activation in eukaryotic organisms. Studies have now shown that Mediator has a role in regulating expression of genes implicated in virulence and antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi. The roles of specific Mediator subunits have been investigated in several species of pathogenic fungi, particularly in the most pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. Uniquely, pathogenic yeast also present several interesting examples of divergence in Mediator structure and function, most notably in C. glabrata, which possesses two orthologues of Med15, and in C. albicans, which has a massively expanded family of Med2 orthologues known as the TLO gene family. This review highlights specific examples of recent progress in characterizing the role of Mediator in pathogenic fungi.
The Effects of Long-term Growth Hormone Treatment on Ocular Findings
Authors: Eski Mehmet Tahir , Teberik Kuddusi , Bolu Semih , Ankarali Handan , Kaya Murat , Arslanoglu Ilknur 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to examine the long-term changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length (AxL), peripapillary retinal nerve fibre
layer thickness (RNFLT), peripapillary ganglion cell layer – inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) thickness, and peripapillary choroidal thickness (ChT) after rhGH replacement treatment in
paediatric patients with IGHD, compared to healthy controls.
Methods Twenty-two children with IGHD including 12 girls and 10 boys were enrolled in the study group, and 30 (16 girls, 14 boys) healthy children composed the control group. A
detailed ophthalmological examination was performed for each participant. ACD, CCT, AxL, peripapillary RNFLT, GCL-IPL thickness and ChT measurements were performed before the rhGH
replacement treatment and in the 12th month of the post-treatment period, as well as the corresponding visits in the control group. AxL ultrasound pachymetry (CCT), peripapillary RNFL
thickness, peripapillary RNFLT, GCL-IPL thickness, and peripapillary ChT parameters were measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.
Results The mean age of the groups were similar (p = 0.143). 12-month CCT, ACD, and AxL measurements of the study group showed significantly higher results than the pre-treatment
measurements (p = 0.005, p = 0.024, and p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the mean RNFLT and ChT measurements of the study group obtained from all sectors were significantly higher in the
12th-month visit (p < 0.001 for both) other than the RNFLT, and GCL-IPL thickness measurements (p > 0.05 for all). However, all these parameters were similar at pre- and post-treatment
visits in the control group (p > 0.05 for all). The mean pre-treatment values of all these parameters were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group
(p < 0.05 for all), other than the RNFLT, GCL-IPL thickness measurements (p > 0.05 for all), while the mean post-treatment values of all these parameters in both groups were similar at
month 12 (p > 0.05 for all).
Conclusion GH replacement treatment in childhood may play an important role in the development of the neural retina and can be effective on the anterior segment, RNFLT and ChT
measurements.
Combination of Primary Hemostatic Disorders and Atrial Fibrillation Increases Bleeding Events Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Matsushita Kensuke , Marchandot Benjamin , Kibler Marion , Carmona Adrien , Phi Truong Dinh , Heger Joe , Trimaille Antonin , Hess Sébastien , Sattler Laurent , Ohana Mickael , Reydel Antje , Jesel Laurence , Ohlmann Patrick , Morel Olivier 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are likely to have a poor prognosis including bleedings following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Closure time of adenosine diphosphate (CT-ADP) is a primary hemostasis point-of-care test and is a predictor of bleeding events following TAVR. We aimed to evaluate the impact of ongoing primary hemostatic disorders on bleeding events in TAVR patients with AF.
Methods We enrolled 878 patients from our prospective registry. The primary endpoint was VARC-2 major/life-threatening bleeding complications (MLBCs) at 1 year after TAVR and secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) at 1 year, defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure hospitalization. Ongoing primary hemostatic disorder was defined by a postprocedural CT-ADP >180 seconds.
Results Patients with AF had a higher incidence of MLBCs (20 vs. 12%, p = 0.002), MACCE (29 vs. 20%, p = 0.002), and all-cause mortality (15 vs. 8%, p = 0.002) within 1 year compared to non-AF patients. When the cohort was split into four subgroups according to AF and CT-ADP >180 seconds, patients with AF and CT-ADP >180 seconds had the highest risk of MLBCs and MACCE. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that the patients with AF and CT-ADP >180 seconds had 3.9-fold higher risk of MLBCs, whereas those patients were no longer associated with MACCE after the adjustment.
Conclusion In TAVR patients, AF with postprocedural CT-ADP >180 seconds was strongly associated with MLBCs following TAVR. Our study suggests that persistent primary hemostatic disorders contribute to a higher risk of bleeding events particularly in AF patients.
Test–Retest Reliability and the Role of Task Instructions when Measuring Listening Effort Using a Verbal Response Time Paradigm
Authors: Gustafson Samantha J. , Ortiz Crystal , Nelson Loren 
Published: April 2023

AbstractListening amidst competing noise taxes one's limited cognitive resources, leading to increased listening effort. As such, there is interest in incorporating a reliable test of listening effort into the clinical test battery. One clinically promising method for measuring listening effort is verbal response time (VRT) because it can be obtained using already-established clinical tasks. In order for widespread implementation of the VRT paradigm, a better understanding of the psychometric properties is needed. The purpose of this work was to improve the understanding of the reliability and sensitivity of the VRT listening task. Using within-subject study designs, we completed a pilot study to evaluate the test–retest reliability (Study 1) and the effects of task instructions and listening condition (Study 2). Preliminary results show that the VRT paradigm enjoys good to excellent test–retest reliability and that neither task instructions nor listening condition meaningfully influence VRT once measurement error is accounted for. Future studies should account for measurement error when considering statistically significant versus meaningful effects of experimental parameters when using listening effort tasks.