bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choroidal melanoma tumor profile and treatment pattern for newly diagnosed patients at a reference public hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Arthur Gustavo , Tavares Jorge Henrique Cavalcante , Branco Ana Marisa Castello , Morales Melina Correa , Belfort Neto Rubens 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Choroid, ciliary body, and iris melanomas are often grouped as uveal melanoma, the most common intraocular primary malignancy. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the tumor profile of newly diagnosed cases of choroidal melanoma at a reference center in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and to investigate the frequency of eyes treated by enucleation that could have been treated with brachytherapy if available in the service.

Methods
Medical records of patients referred to our service with initial diagnostic hypothesis of choroidal melanoma from July 2014 to June 2020 were analysed on demographics, diagnosis confirmation, tumor measurement by ultrasonography and established treatment. Data were evaluated on clinical and demographic characteristics as age, sex, affected eye, ultrasound parameters, and treatment management of patients with clinically diagnosed choroidal melanoma. Among the patients submitted to enucleation, we investigated how many could have been selected to receive brachytherapy.

Results
From the 102 patients referred with the choroidal melanoma diagnosis hypothesis, 70 (68.62%) were confirmed. Mean measurements from the tumors in millimetres were: 9.19 ± 3.69 at height and 12.97 ± 3.09 by 13.30 ± 3.30 at basal. A total of 48 cases (68.57%) were enucleated, 8 (11.43%) were treated by brachytherapy in a different service, and 14 patients (20.00%) returned for enucleation at their original referral center. Out of the 48 patients enucleated, 26 (54.17%) could have been selected to brachytherapy treatment.

Conclusions
The results indicate a late diagnosis of choroidal melanoma cases referred to our service. Most enucleated cases could have been treated with brachytherapy if it was broadly available at the national public health insurance. Further public health political efforts should focus on early diagnosis and better quality of life post-treatment for oncologic patients.
NB housing study protocol: investigating the relationship between subsidized housing, mental health, physical health and healthcare use in New Brunswick, Canada
Authors: Woodhall-Melnik J. , Dunn J. R. , Dweik I. , Monette C. , Nombro E. , Pappas J. , Lamont A. , Dutton D. , Doucet S. , Luke A. , Matheson F. I. , Nisenbaum R. , Stergiopoulos V. , Stewart C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Income and housing are pervasive social determinants of health. Subsidized housing is a prominent affordability mechanism in Canada; however, waitlists are lengthy. Subsidized rents should provide greater access to residual income, which may theoretically improve health outcomes. However, little is known about the health of tenants who wait for and receive subsidized housing. This is especially problematic for New Brunswick, a Canadian province with low population density, whose inhabitants experience income inequality, social exclusion, and challenges with healthcare access.

Methods
This study will use a longitudinal, prospective matched cohort design. All 4,750 households on New Brunswick’s subsidized housing wait list will be approached to participate. The survey measures various demographic, social and health indicators at six-month intervals for up to 18 months as they wait for subsidized housing. Those who receive housing will join an intervention group and receive surveys for an additional 18 months post-move date. With consent, participants will have their data linked to a provincial administrative database of medical records.

Discussion
Knowledge of housing and health is sparse in Canada. This study will provide stakeholders with a wealth of health information on a population that is historically under-researched and underserved.
Single-stage acellular dermal matrix reconstruction of defects in the nose and ears with exposed cartilage: a prospective case series
Authors: Lei Yung-Hsu , Huang Shu-Hung 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The treatment of soft tissue defects with exposed cartilage after tumor excision is challenging. Local flap reconstruction causes occasional scarring, especially in non-Caucasian populations. Scar treatment requires secondary procedures for aesthetic modifications. Two-step reconstruction with an acellular dermal matrix addresses this issue and yields highly acceptable aesthetic resultsWe aimed to investigate the efficacy of an artificial dermal matrix cover using one-step reconstruction for defects with cartilage exposure.

Methods
From July 2018 to September 2020, seven patients were enrolled and underwent a single-stage operation using acellular dermal matrices. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months and the size of the wound, days to heal, patient satisfaction, and scar scale scores were recorded.

Results
Patients were followed up for an average of 25.7 months. The average time to heal was 23.4 days postoperatively. No hyperpigmentation, tumor recurrence, or retraction was noted. High acceptance and satisfaction with the outcome were observed in all patients.

Conclusions
Single-stage reconstruction yielded high acceptance of aesthetic results similar to that in two-stage reconstruction. Less time and cost make this an effective and efficient treatment for soft tissue defects compared with traditional techniques.
The effect of mechanical and chemo-mechanical temporary cement cleaning methods on shear bond strength with self-adhesive resin cement (an in-vitro study)
Authors: Arafa Ahmed Mohamed , Aboalazm Emad , Kamel Mostafa Hussein 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Adhesive tooth-colored restorations are strongly dependent on the substrate surface cleanliness to allow intimate contact between resin cement and dentin surface, so several methods were adopted for the total cleaning of temporary cement residues. This study aimed to assess the effect of mechanical and chemo-mechanical cleaning methods of temporary cement on the immediate shear bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to dentin surface.

Methods
Forty freshly extracted lower first premolars were cut to expose a flat dentin surface. Discs of temporary crown composite resin material were constructed and cemented to the flat dentin surface using resin-based and non-eugenol temporary cement then stored at room temperature in distilled water. Dividing of samples into two groups according to the method of temporary cement cleaning. Group I (n = 20) mechanical cleaning using the rotary instrument, and group II (n = 20) chemo-mechanical cleaning using chlorhexidine-containing scrub. CAD/CAM reinforced Composite discs were bonded to the dentin surface using self-adhesive composite resin cement, then measurement of shear bond strength was done using a universal testing machine. Further analysis of failure mode after debonding was performed by Scanning electron microscope.

Results
No statistically significant difference was found between the mean shear bond strength of the two cleaning methods (P-value = 0.636). Regardless of the cleaning method, the group cemented with resin-based temporary cement showed statistically significantly higher mean shear bond strength than non-eugenol temporary cement (P-value = 0.048).

Conclusion
Both cleaning methods (mechanical and chemo-mechanical) applied in this study were effective in cleaning temporary cement remnants from the dentin substrate surface with statistically significant differences between results of shear bond strength with significantly higher values recorded with resin-based temporary cement.
Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on rumination in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Bagherzadeh Razieh , Sohrabineghad Rezvan , Gharibi Taiebeh , Mehboodi Farkhondeh , Vahedparast Hakimeh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer has been a serious public health dilemma for women worldwide, with not only physical and social impairments but also psychological stress responses such as rumination. Rumination is a constant preoccupation with thoughts. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training in lowering rumination among women diagnosed with breast cancer.

Method
This randomized controlled trial with a pretest, posttest, control group, and one-month follow-up design included 46 female breast cancer survivors, recruited from the clinics and hematology wards of Bushehr, Iran. The inclusion criterion was that at least three months should have passed since the last chemotherapy/radiotherapy. The participants were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction training. A demographic information form and a rumination questionnaire were used for data collection, and the participants completed the questionnaire in the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. Chi-square, Mann–Whitney U, and repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyze the data. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
There was no significant difference in the rumination scores of the experimental group at three measurement stages. For the control group, the mean rumination scores on the posttest and follow-up were both significantly higher than on the pre-test (P < 0.001). The control group's mean follow-up rumination score was significantly higher than that of the post-test (P = 0.02). A comparison of the two groups adjusted for the baseline showed a significant difference between them in terms of the mean rumination score on the post-test (P = 0.01) and follow-up (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The experimental group was more successful in avoiding increased rumination than the control group, an ability that can be attributed to the effect of mindfulness training. The use of this method is recommended because it is non-invasive, non-pharmacological, free from complications, and can be easily performed by women. However, future studies should consider larger samples and long-term follow-ups.
Video-based communication assessment for weight management counseling training in medical residents: a mixed methods study
Authors: Faro Jamie M. , D’Addario Angelo , King Ann M. , Mazor Kathleen M. , Pbert Lori , Sadasivam Rajani S. , Geller Alan C. , Murphy Elizabeth A. , Ockene Judith K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Physician delivered weight management counseling (WMC) occurs infrequently and physicians report lack of training and poor self-efficacy. The purpose of this study was to develop and test the Video-based Communication Assessment (VCA) for weight management counseling (WMC) training in medical residents.

Methods
This study was a mixed methods pilot conducted in 3 phases. First, we created five vignettes based on our prior data and expert feedback, then administered the vignettes via the VCA to Internal Medicine categorical residents (n = 16) from a University Medical School. Analog patients rated responses and also provided comments. We created individualized feedback reports which residents were able to view on the VCA. Lastly, we conducted debriefing interviews with the residents (n = 11) to obtain their feedback on the vignettes and personalized feedback. Interviews were transcribed, and we used thematic analysis to generate and apply codes, followed by identifying themes.

Results
Descriptive statistics were calculated and learning points were created for the individualized feedback reports. In VCA debriefing interviews with residents, five themes emerged: 1) Overall the VCA was easy to use, helpful and more engaging than traditional learning and assessment modes, 2) Patient scenarios were similar to those encountered in the clinic, including diversity, health literacy and different stages of change, 3) The knowledge, skills, and reminders from the VCA can be transferred to practice, 4) Feedback reports were helpful, to the point and informative, including the exemplar response of how to best respond to the scenario, and 5) The VCA provide alternatives and practice scenarios to real-life patient situations when they aren’t always accessible.

Conclusions
We demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of the VCA, a technology delivered platform, for delivering WMC to residents. The VCA exposed residents to diverse patient experiences and provided potential opportunities to tailor providers responses to sociological and cultural factors in WMC scenarios. Future work will examine the effect of the VCA on WMC in actual clinical practice.
Acceptable objectives of empirical research in bioethics: a qualitative exploration of researchers’ views
Authors: Mihailov Emilian , Provoost Veerle , Wangmo Tenzin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
This is the first qualitative study to investigate how researchers, who do empirical work in bioethics, relate to objectives of empirical research in bioethics (ERiB). We explore reasons that make some objectives more acceptable, while others are deemed less acceptable.

Methods
Using qualitative exploratory study design, we interviewed bioethics researchers, who were selected to represent different types of scholars working in the field. The interview data of 25 participants were analyzed in this paper using thematic analysis.

Results
From the eight objectives presented to the study participants, understanding the context of a bioethical issue and identifying ethical issues in practice received unanimous agreement. Participants also supported other objectives of ERiB but with varying degrees of agreement. The most contested objectives were striving to draw normative recommendations and developing and justifying moral principles. The is-ought gap was not considered an obstacle to ERiB, but rather a warning sign to critically reflect on the normative implications of empirical results.

Conclusions
Our results show that the most contested objectives are also the more ambitious ones, whereas the least contested ones focus on producing empirical results. The potential of empirical research to be useful for bioethics was mostly based on the reasoning pattern that empirical data can provide a testing ground for elements of normative theory. Even though empirical research can inform many parts of bioethical inquiry, normative expertise is recommended to guide ERiB. The acceptability of ambitious objectives for ERiB boils down to finding firm ground for the integration of empirical facts in normative inquiry.
A machine learning approach for predicting high risk hospitalized patients with COVID-19 SARS-Cov-2
Authors: Bottrighi Alessio , Pennisi Marzio , Roveta Annalisa , Massarino Costanza , Cassinari Antonella , Betti Marta , Bolgeo Tatiana , Bertolotti Marinella , Rava Emanuele , Maconi Antonio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore whether explainable Artificial Intelligence methods can be fruitfully used to improve the medical management of patients suffering from complex diseases, and in particular to predict the death risk in hospitalized patients with SARS-Cov-2 based on admission data.MethodsThis work is based on an observational ambispective study that comprised patients older than 18 years with a positive SARS-Cov-2 diagnosis that were admitted to the hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, Alessandria, Italy from February, 24 2020 to May, 31 2021, and that completed the disease treatment inside this structure. The patients’medical history, demographic, epidemiologic and clinical data were collected from the electronic medical records system and paper based medical records, entered and managed by the Clinical Study Coordinators using the REDCap electronic data capture tool patient chart. The dataset was used to train and to evaluate predictive ML models.ResultsWe overall trained, analysed and evaluated 19 predictive models (both supervised and unsupervised) on data from 824 patients described by 43 features. We focused our attention on models that provide an explanation that is understandable and directly usable by domain experts, and compared the results against other classical machine learning approaches. Among the former, JRIP showed the best performance in 10-fold cross validation, and the best average performance in a further validation test using a different patient dataset from the beginning of the third COVID-19 wave. Moreover, JRIP showed comparable performances with other approaches that do not provide a clear and/or understandable explanation.ConclusionsThe ML supervised models showed to correctly discern between low-risk and high-risk patients, even when the medical disease context is complex and the list of features is limited to information available at admission time. Furthermore, the models demonstrated to reasonably perform on a dataset from the third COVID-19 wave that was not used in the training phase. Overall, these results are remarkable: (i) from a medical point of view, these models evaluate good predictions despite the possible differences entitled with different care protocols and the possible influence of other viral variants (i.e. delta variant); (ii) from the organizational point of view, they could be used to optimize the management of health-care path at the admission time.
But what do we mean by “health”? A critical perspective on the concept of health in the adolescent transition program of a Norwegian university hospital
Authors: Fløtten Kjersti J. Ø. , Aujoulat Isabelle , Wyller Vegard B. B. , Solevåg Anne Lee 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To understand better what influences the practice of our transition program, we wanted to explore the underlying theory of health.

Methods
We performed a qualitative content analysis of the written material that guides the program, comprising a quality system guideline, two checklists, a guide to health professionals and managers, and three patient brochures.

Results
The analysis resulted in the formulation of three themes; “Being on top of medical management”, “Ability to promote own health” and “Awareness of own goals and expectations”.

Conclusion
Our analysis indicates that the program content revolves mainly around medical management and that other dimensions of health are not emphasised. We question what the goals of the program are and if these goals are explicit and shared among the program stakeholders. An explicit program theory is vital and needs to be evident in material supporting transition programs.
Malaria in Angola: recent progress, challenges and future opportunities using parasite demography studies
Authors: Tavares Wilson , Morais Joana , Martins José F. , Scalsky Ryan J. , Stabler Thomas C. , Medeiros Márcia M. , Fortes Filomeno J. , Arez Ana Paula , Silva Joana C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOver the past two decades, a considerable expansion of malaria interventions has occurred at the national level in Angola, together with cross-border initiatives and regional efforts in southern Africa. Currently, Angola aims to consolidate malaria control and to accelerate the transition from control to pre-elimination, along with other country members of the Elimination 8 initiative. However, the tremendous heterogeneity in malaria prevalence among Angolan provinces, as well as internal population movements and migration across borders, represent major challenges for the Angolan National Malaria Control Programme. This review aims to contribute to the understanding of factors underlying the complex malaria situation in Angola and to encourage future research studies on transmission dynamics and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum, important areas to complement host epidemiological information and to help reenergize the goal of malaria elimination in the country.
Acidic and hypoxic tumor microenvironment regulation by CaO2-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles
Authors: Ruan Shuangrong , Yin Weimin , Chang Jiao , Yang Yan , Sun Jiuyuan , Ma Xiaoyi , Liu Ying , Zang Jie , Liu Yiqiong , Li Yongyong , Ren Tianbin , Dong Haiqing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHypoxia and high accumulation of lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment provide fertile soil for tumor development, maintenance and metastasis. Herein, we developed a calcium peroxide (CaO2)-loaded nanostructure that can play a role of “one stone kill two birds”, i.e., acidic and hypoxic tumor microenvironment can be simultaneously regulated by CaO2 loaded nanostructure. Specifically, CaO2-loaded mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles modified with sodium hyaluronate (denoted as CaO2@mPDA-SH) can gradually accumulate in a tumor site. CaO2 exposed in acidic microenvironment can succeed in consuming the lactic acid with oxygen generation simultaneously, which could remodel the acid and hypoxia tumor microenvironment. More importantly, the relief of hypoxia could further reduce lactate production from the source by down-regulating the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which further down-regulated the glycolysis associated enzymes including glycolysis-related glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). As a result, CaO2@mPDA-SH alone without the employment of other therapeutics can dually regulate the tumor hypoxia and lactic acid metabolism, which efficiently represses tumor progression in promoting immune activation, antitumor metastasis, and anti-angiogenesis.