bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurements of plasma density profile evolutions with a channel-guided laser
Authors: Yang Tong , Guo Zhen , Yan Yang , Wu Minjian , Xia Yadong , He Qiangyou , Cheng Hao , Li Yuze , Fang Yanlv , Zhao Yanying , Yan Xueqing , Lin Chen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The discharged capillary plasma channel has been extensively studied as a high-gradient particle acceleration and transmission medium. A novel measurement method of plasma channel density profiles has been employed, where the role of plasma channels guiding the advantages of lasers has shown strong appeal. Here, we have studied the high-order transverse plasma density profile distribution using a channel-guided laser, and made detailed measurements of its evolution under various parameters. The paraxial wave equation in a plasma channel with high-order density profile components is analyzed, and the approximate propagation process based on the Gaussian profile laser is obtained on this basis, which agrees well with the simulation under phase conditions. In the experiments, by measuring the integrated transverse laser intensities at the outlet of the channels, the radial quartic density profiles of the plasma channels have been obtained. By precisely synchronizing the detection laser pulses and the plasma channels at various moments, the reconstructed density profile shows an evolution from the radial quartic profile to the quasi-parabolic profile, and the high-order component is indicated as an exponential decline tendency over time. Factors affecting the evolution rate were investigated by varying the incentive source and capillary parameters. It can be found that the discharge voltages and currents are positive factors quickening the evolution, while the electron-ion heating, capillary radii and pressures are negative ones. One plausible explanation is that quartic profile contributions may be linked to plasma heating. This work helps one to understand the mechanisms of the formation, the evolutions of the guiding channel electron-density profiles and their dependences on the external controllable parameters. It provides support and reflection for physical research on discharged capillary plasma and optimizing plasma channels in various applications.
Academic Diplomacy: The Educational Aspects of Chinese and Russian Soft Power in Tajikistan
Authors: Rashidov Tuychi , Mullojonov Parviz , Rashidova Umayra , Lemon Edward 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoft power draws attention to the way governments, and other actors, create a positive image of themselves so that they can attract others and influence them. In this article, we examine how Russia and China use education to implement soft power in Tajikistan and the differences between the two approaches. This article examines academic diplomacy and the role of educational programs and research collaboration in the projection of China and Russia’s soft power in Tajikistan. We conclude that a latent geopolitical rivalry exists between the two great powers that is manifesting itself in a number of ways. Russia is in a stronger position to project soft power in Tajikistan, and, although the escalation of the war in Ukraine in February 2022 will undermine this influence, China will not displace Russia’s soft power in the near future.
REWRITING THE THEBAID: PIETAS AND THE FURIES IN SILVAE 3.3 (AND 5.2)
Authors: Celotto Giulio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that in Silvae 3.3, written to console Claudius Etruscus on the death of his beloved father, Statius reverses his own account of the contentious relationship between Tisiphone and Pietas in Thebaid Books 1 and 11 to present his patron's affectionate bond with his father as antithetical to Oedipus’ resentful relationship with his sons. In the Thebaid, Oedipus summons Tisiphone from the Underworld to punish his own children by stirring up civil war, and the Fury promptly obeys, banishing Pietas from earth to prevent her from stopping the conflict. In Silvae 3.3, on the other hand, the poet asks Pietas to come back to earth, and urges the Furies to stay away from the deceased. The return of Pietas, also portrayed in Silvae 5.2, shows that in his collection of occasional poetry Statius rewrites his own epic to restore cosmos: while in the chaotic narrative universe of the Thebaid all fundamental values, including filial devotion, are turned upside down, the Silvae describe a more conventional and reassuring world, founded on virtue rather than vengeance.
Death by ammonite: fatal ingestion of an ammonoid shell by an Early Jurassic bony fish
Authors: Cooper Samuel L. A. , Maxwell Erin E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA remarkable specimen of the actinopterygian fishPachycormus macropterusfrom the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) Posidonienschiefer Formation of Germany exceptionally preserves an unusually large ammonite inside its gut. The ammonite was swallowed by the fish, likely by accident, and represents the first direct evidence for an actinopterygian fish consuming an ammonoid. Exceptional aragonite preservation of the conch retaining partial nacreous lustre, combined with only minor acid etching of the shell, strongly indicates that the ammonite was ingested immediately prior to and was directly responsible for the fish’s death. The fish’s stomach provided a microenvironment protecting the aragonite from chemical dissolution.
CONNEXIVE IMPLICATIONS IN SUBSTRUCTURAL LOGICS
Authors: FAZIO DAVIDE , ST. JOHN GAVIN 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the investigation of term-definable connexive implications in substructural logics with exchange and, on the semantical perspective, in sub-varieties of commutative residuated lattices (FL
${}_{\scriptsize\mbox{e}}$
-algebras). In particular, we inquire into sufficient and necessary conditions under which generalizations of the connexive implication-like operation defined in [6] for Heyting algebras still satisfy connexive theses. It will turn out that, in most cases, connexive principles are equivalent to the equational Glivenko property with respect to Boolean algebras. Furthermore, we provide some philosophical upshots like, e.g., a discussion on the relevance of the above operation in relationship with G. Polya’s logic of plausible inference, and some characterization results on weak and strong connexivity.
Vertical Momentum Transport by Internal Gravity Waves Above the Equatorial Undercurrent at 140°W
Authors: Pinkel R. , Nguyen S. , Smith J. A. , Lucas A. J. , Reineman B. D. , Waterhouse A. F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStrong vertical shears occur in the upper Equatorial Ocean as the trade winds drive the South Equatorial Current westward above the eastward flowing Equatorial Undercurrent. An extremely large “effective viscosity” or vertical momentum transport is required to maintain the speed‐differential between the currents as observed. In the 2012 EquatorMix Experiment data from a 1.8 km optical fiber temperature array and a surface scattering radar were combined with high‐resolution shipboard profiling CTD and Doppler sonar measurements to determine the directionality of energetic ∼600 m wavelength internal waves existing above the Undercurrent. A large vertical momentum flux is found (∼10−4 m2 s−2), with waves excited by nocturnal sea surface convection and maintained by near‐surface critical layer over‐reflection. The net downward‐westward momentum flux is an index of the energy lost during reflection below the Undercurrent. Together with near‐surface‐turbulence, these waves provide the momentum transport needed to balance the large‐scale forcing of the equatorial current system.
Self-powered and broadband opto-sensor with bionic visual adaptation function based on multilayer γ-InSe flakes
Authors: Liu Weizhen , Yang Xuhui , Wang Zhongqiang , Li Yuanzheng , Li Jixiu , Feng Qiushi , Xie Xiuhua , Xin Wei , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVisual adaptation that can autonomously adjust the response to light stimuli is a basic function of artificial visual systems for intelligent bionic robots. To improve efficiency and reduce complexity, artificial visual systems with integrated visual adaptation functions based on a single device should be developed to replace traditional approaches that require complex circuitry and algorithms. Here, we have developed a single two-terminal opto-sensor based on multilayer γ-InSe flakes, which successfully emulated the visual adaptation behaviors with a new working mechanism combining the photo-pyroelectric and photo-thermoelectric effect. The device can operate in self-powered mode and exhibit good human-eye-like adaptation behaviors, which include broadband light-sensing image adaptation (from ultraviolet to near-infrared), near-complete photosensitivity recovery (99.6%), and synergetic visual adaptation, encouraging the advancement of intelligent opto-sensors and machine vision systems.
Small-molecule amines: a big role in the regulation of bone homeostasis
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yang Jirong , Hu Nan , Liu Juan , Yu Huan , Pan Haobo , Chen Di , Ruan Changshun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNumerous small-molecule amines (SMAs) play critical roles in maintaining bone homeostasis and promoting bone regeneration regardless of whether they are applied as drugs or biomaterials. On the one hand, SMAs promote bone formation or inhibit bone resorption through the regulation of key molecular signaling pathways in osteoblasts/osteoclasts; on the other hand, owing to their alkaline properties as well as their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features, most SMAs create a favorable microenvironment for bone homeostasis. However, due to a lack of information on their structure/bioactivity and underlying mechanisms of action, certain SMAs cannot be developed into drugs or biomaterials for bone disease treatment. In this review, we thoroughly summarize the current understanding of SMA effects on bone homeostasis, including descriptions of their classifications, biochemical features, recent research advances in bone biology and related regulatory mechanisms in bone regeneration. In addition, we discuss the challenges and prospects of SMA translational research.
Time-restricted eating with calorie restriction on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Jing-Chao , Tan Zhen-Tao , He Chao-Jie , Hu Hui-Lin , Zhai Chang-Lin , Qian Gang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe effect of time-restricted eating (TRE) has been summarized in previous studies, but its benefits in combination with calorie restriction (CR) still need to be determined. The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TRE with CR on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and gray literature databases were searched from inception to October 18, 2022, for potential randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Body weight and other cardiometabolic risk factors were described as weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Eight RCTs involving 579 participants were enrolled in the present analysis. The pooled results showed that TRE with CR reduced the body weight, fat mass, and waist circumference significantly (WMD: −1.40, 95% CI: −1.81 to −1.00, and I2: 0%; WMD: −0.73, 95% CI: −1.39 to −0.07, and I2: 0%; WMD: −1.87, 95% CI: −3.47 to −0.26, and I2: 67.25%, respectively). However, compared with CR alone, TRE plus CR exhibited no significant benefit on the blood pressure, glucose profile, and lipid profile. Subgroup analysis suggested that early TRE is more effective in weight loss (WMD: −1.42, 95% CI: −1.84 to −1.01, and I2: 0%) and improving fat mass (WMD: −1.06, 95% CI: −1.91 to −0.22, and I2: 0%) than delayed or broader TRE when combined with CR. Although the combination of TRE and CR can effectively decrease body weight, fat mass, and waist circumference, the long-term effects, particularly those on cardiometabolic risk in participants with chronic cardiovascular disease and diabetes, remain to be explored.
Transmembrane protein 117 knockdown protects against angiotensin-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Yang Yi , Wang Xinquan , Yan Peng , Wang Dan , Luo Tao , Zhou Yaqiong , Chen Shichao , Liu Qiting , Hou Jixin , Wang Peijian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Transmembrane protein 117 modulate mitochondrial membrane potential that may be involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. However, its role in the development of angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy is unclear. Cardiac-specific TMEM117-knockout and control mice were subjected to cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang-II infusion. Small-interfering RNAs against TMEM117 or adenovirus-based plasmids encoding TMEM117 were delivered into left ventricles of mice or incubated with neonatal murine ventricular myocytes (NMVMs) before Ang-II stimulation. We found that TMEM117 was upregulated in hypertrophic hearts and cardiomyocytes and TMEM117 deficiency attenuated Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Consistently, the in vitro data demonstrated that Ang-II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy significantly alleviated by TMEM117 knockdown. Conversely, overexpression of TMEM117 exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. An Ang II-induced increase in cardiac (cardiomyocyte) oxidative stress was alleviated by cardiac-specific knockout (knockdown) of TMEM117 and was worsened by TMEM117 supplementation (overexpression). In addition, TMEM117 knockout decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by Ang-II, which was reversed by TMEM117 supplementation. Furthermore, TMEM117 deficiency mitigated mitochondrial injury in hypertrophic hearts and cardiomyocyte, which was abolished by TMEM117 supplementation (overexpression). Taken together, these findings suggest that upregulation of TMEM117 contributes to the development of cardiac hypertrophy and the downregulation of TMEM117 may be a new therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
An intrinsically stretchable multi-biochemical sensor for sweat analysis using photo-patternable ecoflex
Authors: Kim Seungwan , Kang Joohyuk , Lee Injun , Jang Jinhyeong , Park Chan Beum , Lee Wonryung , Bae Byeong-Soo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEcoflex is widely used in bioelectronics due to its outstanding properties of low modulus and large stretchability. For its use as an encapsulation layer in multi-channel wearable devices, a patterning procedure is essential. However, conventional patterning strategies for Ecoflex, such as soft lithography, punching, and laser ablation, lack sufficient quality and process compatibility. To address this, we propose a process-compatible method of patterning Ecoflex by developing Photo-patternable Ecoflex (PPE). The PPE layer, used as an encapsulation layer, effectively dissipates strain energy at homogeneous interfaces, resulting in a 50% increase in electrical conductance under 250% strain. Using PPE, we fabricated intrinsically stretchable multi-sensors that monitor bio-signals like glucose, lactate, pH, and humidity in sweat. These sensors maintain durable sensitivity under strain up to 50% and for 1000 cycles at 20% strain. Finally, we mounted these stretchable multi-chemical sensors on an arm to monitor glucose and lactate levels in sweat.
Cationic-nanogel nasal vaccine containing the ectodomain of RSV-small hydrophobic protein induces protective immunity in rodents
Authors: Umemoto Shingo , Nakahashi-Ouchida Rika , Yuki Yoshikazu , Kurokawa Shiho , Machita Tomonori , Uchida Yohei , Mori Hiromi , Yamanoue Tomoyuki , Shibata Takehiko , Sawada Shin-ichi , Ishige Kazuya , Hirano Takashi , Fujihashi Kohtaro , Akiyoshi Kazunari , Kurashima Yosuke , Tokuhara Daisuke , Ernst Peter B , Suzuki Masashi , Kiyono Hiroshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infection, especially in children and the elderly. Various vaccines containing the major transmembrane surface proteins of RSV (proteins F and G) have been tested; however, they have either afforded inadequate protection or are associated with the risk of vaccine-enhanced disease (VED). Recently, F protein-based maternal immunization and vaccines for elderly patients have shown promising results in phase III clinical trials, however, these vaccines have been administered by injection. Here, we examined the potential of using the ectodomain of small hydrophobic protein (SHe), also an RSV transmembrane surface protein, as a nasal vaccine antigen. A vaccine was formulated using our previously developed cationic cholesteryl-group-bearing pullulan nanogel as the delivery system, and SHe was linked in triplicate to pneumococcal surface protein A as a carrier protein. Nasal immunization of mice and cotton rats induced both SHe-specific serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies, preventing viral invasion in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts without inducing VED. Moreover, nasal immunization induced greater protective immunity against RSV in the upper respiratory tract than did systemic immunization, suggesting a critical role for mucosal RSV-specific IgA responses in viral elimination at the airway epithelium. Thus, our nasal vaccine induced effective protection against RSV infection in the airway mucosa and is therefore a promising vaccine candidate for further development.
The pioneer factor SOX9 competes for epigenetic factors to switch stem cell fates
Authors: Yang Yihao , Gomez Nicholas , Infarinato Nicole , Adam Rene C. , Sribour Megan , Baek Inwha , Laurin Mélanie , Fuchs Elaine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring development, progenitors simultaneously activate one lineage while silencing another, a feature highly regulated in adult stem cells but derailed in cancers. Equipped to bind cognate motifs in closed chromatin, pioneer factors operate at these crossroads, but how they perform fate switching remains elusive. Here we tackle this question with SOX9, a master regulator that diverts embryonic epidermal stem cells (EpdSCs) into becoming hair follicle stem cells. By engineering mice to re-activate SOX9 in adult EpdSCs, we trigger fate switching. Combining epigenetic, proteomic and functional analyses, we interrogate the ensuing chromatin and transcriptional dynamics, slowed temporally by the mature EpdSC niche microenvironment. We show that as SOX9 binds and opens key hair follicle enhancers de novo in EpdSCs, it simultaneously recruits co-factors away from epidermal enhancers, which are silenced. Unhinged from its normal regulation, sustained SOX9 subsequently activates oncogenic transcriptional regulators that chart the path to cancers typified by constitutive SOX9 expression.
Psilocybin therapy for females with anorexia nervosa: a phase 1, open-label feasibility study
Authors: Peck Stephanie Knatz , Shao Samantha , Gruen Tessa , Yang Kevin , Babakanian Alexandra , Trim Julie , Finn Daphna M. , Kaye Walter H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a deadly illness with no proven treatments to reverse core symptoms and no medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Novel treatments are urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes. In this open-label feasibility study, 10 adult female participants (mean body mass index 19.7 kg m−2; s.d. 3.7) who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for AN or pAN (partial remission) were recruited to a study conducted at an academic clinical research institute. Participants received a single 25-mg dose of synthetic psilocybin in conjunction with psychological support. The primary aim was to assess safety, tolerability and feasibility at post-treatment by incidences and occurrences of adverse events (AEs) and clinically significant changes in electrocardiogram (ECG), laboratory tests, vital signs and suicidality. No clinically significant changes were observed in ECG, vital signs or suicidality. Two participants developed asymptomatic hypoglycemia at post-treatment, which resolved within 24 h. No other clinically significant changes were observed in laboratory values. All AEs were mild and transient in nature. Participants’ qualitative perceptions suggest that the treatment was acceptable for most participants. Results suggest that psilocybin therapy is safe, tolerable and acceptable for female AN, which is a promising finding given physiological dangers and problems with treatment engagement. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04661514.
Risk of cataract and glaucoma among older persons with diabetes in India: a cross-sectional study based on LASI, Wave-1
Authors: Khan Junaid , Shaw Subhojit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccording to the International Diabetes Federation-2019 estimates, India is home to 77 million diabetic individuals which is projected to grow up to 147.2 million by 2045. Diabetes being a progressive health disorder leads to multiple morbidities and complications including eye diseases and visual impairments. As the burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing, eye problems like cataracts and glaucoma are commonly cited problems among the older adults. In this context, this study aims to provide the public health evidences on diabetes associated burden and risk of developing cataracts and glaucoma among older adults aged 60 and above in India. The analytical sample of this cross-sectional study comprised of 31,464 individuals aged 60 and above. Bivariate cross-tabulation and chi-square test were performed to understand the differential in the prevalence of cataracts and glaucoma by diabetes mellitus including the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the individuals. Binary logistic regression estimation was executed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio for each of the outcome variables within a multivariate framework. The cataract problem affects more than one-fifth of the older people, while glaucoma affects 2% of them. The prevalence of cataract and glaucoma is 29% among diabetic older adults compared to 22% among non-diabetic persons. In terms of gender, the cataract prevalence is comparatively higher among females (25%) than males (21%). It is important to note that while adjusting for socio-economic and demographic characteristics, the likelihood of cataract (AOR 1.495; p-value < 0.01) and glaucoma (AOR 1.554; p-value < 0.01) is significantly higher among older adults with diabetes than among their counterparts. Medical practitioners should conduct prognosis for diabetic eye problems among patients and raise awareness about the potential risks of developing vision loss, such as cataracts and glaucoma, which are more prevalent among individuals with diabetes.