bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of activation functions on accuracy, convergence speed, and misclassification confidence in CNN text classification: a comprehensive exploration
Authors: Emanuel Rebecca H. K. , Docherty Paul D. , Lunt Helen , Möller Knut 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConvolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become a useful tool for a wide range of applications such as text classification. However, CNNs are not always sufficiently accurate to be useful in certain applications. The selection of activation functions within CNN architecture can affect the efficacy of the CNN. However, there is limited research regarding which activation functions are best for CNN text classification. This study tested sixteen activation functions across three text classification datasets and six CNN structures, to determine the effects of activation function on accuracy, iterations to convergence, and Positive Confidence Difference (PCD). PCD is a novel metric introduced to compare how activation functions affected a network’s classification confidence. Tables were presented to compare the performance of the activation functions across the different CNN architectures and datasets. Top performing activation functions across the different tests included the symmetrical multi-state activation function, sigmoid, penalised hyperbolic tangent, and generalised swish. An activation function’s PCD was the most consistent evaluation metric during activation function assessment, implying a close relationship between activation functions and network confidence that has yet to be explored.
Fichte’s formal logic
Authors: Schumann Andrew , Lemanski Jens 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFichte’s Foundations of the Entire Wissenschaftslehre 1794 is one of the most fundamental books in classical German philosophy. The use of laws of thought to establish foundational principles of transcendental philosophy was groundbreaking in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century and is still crucial for many areas of theoretical philosophy and logic in general today. Nevertheless, contemporaries have already noted that Fichte’s derivation of foundational principles from the law of identity is problematic, since Fichte lacked the tools to correctly present the formal parts of Foundations. In this paper, however, we argue that Fichte’s approach intuitively offers an important contribution to transcendental philosophy, and especially to philosophy of logic. We first point out the difficulties of Fichte’s logic in the Foundations and improve it in a second part on the basis of a formal system in which both propositional logic and syllogistic are combined.
Controlling the Activity and Selectivity of HZSM-5 Catalysts in the Conversion of Biomass-Derived Oxygenates Using Hierarchical Structures: The Effect of Crystalline Size and Intracrystalline Pore Dimensions on Olefins Selectivity and Catalyst Deactivation
Authors: Farah Elise , Demianenko Ludmilla , Engvall Klas , Kantarelis Efthymios 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe conversion of biomass-derived oxygenates over zeolite catalysts constitutes a challenge for the efficient production of bio-based chemicals and fuels due to difficulty in controlling the selectivity and high coke formation of such reactions. This is partly attributed to the microstructure of zeolite catalyst which affects the conversion and selectivity of products derived from biomass-derived oxygenates. In this study, the conversion and deactivation characteristics of three different model oxygenates found in biomass bio-oil (namely, acetol, furfural and guaiacol) over ZSM-5 zeolites of varying acidity, pore and crystal size prepared with bottom-up and top-down approaches were evaluated using a fixed bed microreactor at atmospheric pressure and a space velocity of 5 h−1at a temperature range of 450–650 °C. Analysis of the experimental results indicates that the optimum temperature for such conversions is in the vicinity of 600 °C allowing for complete conversion of the compounds and high resistance to coking. The mechanisms of those conversions are discussed based on the obtained results. In general, crystal size and mesoporosity induce easier access to active sites improving mass transfer but also alter the location type, and strength of acid sites allowing for higher yields of primary and intermediate products such as olefins.
Preparation and Characterization of nZVI, Bimetallic Fe0-Cu, and Fava Bean Activated Carbon-Supported Bimetallic AC-F e0-Cu for Anionic Methyl Orange Dye Removal
Authors: Abdel-Aziz A. B. , Mohamed Nora , El-taweel Reem M. , Sh Husien , Salim Alyaa I. , Pal Kaushik , Fahim Irene Samy , Said Lobna A. , Radwan Ahmed G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNano zero-valent iron (nZVI), bimetallic Nano zero-valent iron-copper (Fe0- Cu), and fava bean activated carbon-supported with bimetallic Nano zero-valent iron-copper (AC-F e0-Cu) were prepared and characterized by DLS, FT-IR, XRD, and SEM. The influence of the synthesized adsorbents on the adsorption and removal of soluble anionic methyl orange (M.O) dye was investigated using UV-V spectroscopy. The influence of numerous operational parameters was studied at varied pH (3–9), time intervals (15–180 min), and dye concentrations (25–1000 ppm) to establish the best removal conditions. The maximum removal efficiency of M.O. using the prepared adsorbent materials reached about 99%. The removal efficiency is modeled using response surface methodology (RSM). The Bimetallic $$F{e}^{0}$$

F

e

0

-Cu, the best experimental and predicted removal efficiency is 96.8% RE. For the H2SO4 chemical AC-$$F{e}^{0}$$

F

e

0

-Cu, the best experimental and removal efficiency is 96.25% RE. The commercial AC-Fe0–Cu, the best experimental and predicted removal efficiency is 94.93%RE. This study aims to produce low-cost adsorbents such as Bimetallic Fe0-Cu, and Fava Bean Activated Carbon-Supported Bimetallic AC-Fe0-Cu to treat the industrial wastewater from the anionic methyl orange (M.O) dye and illustrate its ability to compete H2SO4 chemical AC-Fe0-Cu, and commercial AC-Fe0-Cu.
Pivotal role of multiphase computed tomography angiography for collateral assessment in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Busto Giorgio , Morotti Andrea , Carlesi Edoardo , Fiorenza Alessandro , Di Pasquale Francesca , Mancini Sara , Lombardo Ivano , Scola Elisa , Gadda Davide , Moretti Marco , Miele Vittorio , Fainardi Enrico 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe cerebral collateral circulation is the main compensatory mechanism that maintains the ischemic penumbra viable, the tissue at risk for infarction that can be saved if blood flow is restored by reperfusion therapies. In clinical practice, the extent of collateral vessels recruited after vessel occlusion can be easily assessed with computed tomography angiography (CTA) using two different techniques: single-phase CTA (sCTA) and multi-phase CTA (mCTA). Both these methodologies have demonstrated a high prognostic predictive value for prognosis due to the strong association between the presence of good collaterals and favorable radiological and clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, mCTA seems to be superior to sCTA in the evaluation of collaterals and a promising tool for identifying AIS patients who can benefit from reperfusion therapies. In particular, it has recently been proposed the use of mCTA eligibility criteria has been recently proposed for the selection of AIS patients suitable for endovascular treatment instead of the current accepted criteria based on CT perfusion. In this review, we analyzed the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of sCTA and mCTA to better understand their fields of application and the potential of mCTA in becoming the method of choice to assess collateral extent in AIS patients.
« Ars combinatoria » chez Gian-Carlo Rota ou le triomphe du symbolisme
Authors: Cartier Pierre 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
Gian-Carlo Rota est l’inventeur d’une nouvelle science : la combi-natoire algébrique qui n’était jusque-là qu’un ensemble de questions dispa-rates, dont la solution, parfois ingénieuse, ne laissait entrevoir la méthode. Il s’agit ici de décrire la stratégie mise en œuvre sous sa forme ma-thématique dont les enjeux philosophiques ne sont pas négligeables, en poursuivant le geste de Rota, pour sortir la combinatoire de son ghetto.
« Sur une petite phrase de Riemann » Aspects du débat français autour de la Reasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics
Authors: Castellana Mario 
Published: June 2023

Résumé
Le thème d’une nature particulière des mathématiques comme connaissance a été au cœur du débat épistémologique français du xxe siècle, et ce, à partir des œuvres de Maximilien Winter, Gaston Bachelard, Albert Lautman jusqu’à Alain Connes et Gilles Châtelet. Pour le saisir au plus près, il convient d’avoir à l’esprit qu’il est le fruit d’une analyse constante et d’un approfondissement des indications données par Bernhardt Riemann sur le rapport étroit entre mathématiques et physique qui caractérisera toute la pensée physique du xxe siècle. Ce qui a conduit à l’existence d’une littérature très riche mais peu étudiée qui a cherché à clarifier sur le plan épistémique le sens rationnel de l’efficacité des mathématiques dans l’exploration du réel physique, problématisée sous le titre de The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics. Cette problématique cruciale constitue l’un des apports les plus originaux de la philosophie des sciences française, sans équiva-lent dans la tradition anglo-saxonne. Prendre acte de l’existence de cette épistémologie de la physique mathématique devrait permettre de couper court à la polémique soulevée récemment en France quant à l’existence ou la non-existence d’une philosophie des sciences spécifi-quement française.
Smoking during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Athanasiadou Kleoniki I. , Paschou Stavroula A. , Papakonstantinou Evgenia , Vasileiou Vasiliki , Kanouta Fotini , Kazakou Paraskevi , Stefanaki Katerina , Kassi Georgia N. , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Goulis Dimitrios G. , Anastasiou Eleni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate whether maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for developing GDM.

Methods
MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to December 2022 to identify eligible original articles. A systematic review and meta-analysis (weighted data, random-effects model) were performed. The primary outcome was the development of GDM in pregnant women. The results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) (inverse variance method). Subgroup analysis was planned according to the maternal smoking status and GDM diagnostic criteria. Statistical heterogeneity was checked with the Chi-squared (Chi2) test and the I2 index was used to quantify it. The studies were evaluated for publication bias.

Results
Thirty-five studies, including 23,849,696 pregnant women, met the inclusion criteria. The pooled OR of smoking during pregnancy compared with non-smoking (never smokers and former smokers) was 1.06 (95% CI 0.95–1.19), p = 0.30; I2 = 90%; Chi2 = 344; df=34; p < 0.001. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the two-step Carpenter-Coustan diagnostic criteria, due to the high heterogeneity among the other applied methods. The pooled OR for the Carpenter-Coustan subgroup was 1.19 (95% CI 0.95–1.49), p = 0.12; I2 = 63%; Chi2 = 27; df=10; p < 0.002. Further subgroup analysis according to maternal smoking status was not performed due to missing data.

Conclusion
There is no evidence to support an association between maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and the risk for GDM. Universally accepted diagnostic criteria for GDM must be adopted to reduce heterogeneity and clarify the association between smoking and GDM.
Mindfulness, pension, and life satisfaction of retired older adults in China: mediation effects of positive and negative affect
Authors: Xie Xiaoxia , Qiao Xingyong , Huang Chien-Chung , Sitar Sophie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith rising average life expectancies and continuing early retirement, China has more retirees than ever before. This study builds from previous research to understand how mental and financial resources affect life satisfaction amongst 1,018 Chengdu, China retirees. Specifically, our research examined how the extents of mindfulness and pension influence life satisfaction and whether the relations are mediated by positive and negative affect (PANA). The SEM results indicate mindfulness has a significant direct (β = 0.26) and an indirect (β = 0.18) effect on life satisfaction via PANA, while the amount of pension has small effect on life satisfaction (β = 0.04) and only via negative affect. The estimates, however, varied by gender and age. Mindfulness had a strong influence on reducing NA for female older adults while substantially increasing PA for male older adults. Additionally, the amount of pension significantly reduced NA for older retirees aged 65 and above. These findings call for increased mindfulness interventions and robust pension policies to better support retired older adults in China.
Forecasting Economic Growth: Evidence from housing, banking, and credit conditions
Authors: Chatterjee Ujjal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrevious studies on economic growth have separately examined the role of housing, banking, and credit market conditions, despite their interrelatedness. Therefore, this paper comprehensively investigates the relative importance of four indicators [house prices, residential investment, corporate credit spreads, and aggregate bank liquidity creation (LC)] to forecast U.S. real GDP growth. We do so after accounting for a comprehensive set of other predictors and aim to identify indicators that better forecast economic growth. Our in-and out-of-sample results show that house prices and corporate credit spreads predict real GDP growth better than residential investment and LC. Moreover, shocks to house prices and corporate credit spreads have a greater impact on real GDP growth and other macroeconomic indicators than shocks to LC and residential investment. Furthermore, house prices have the largest positive impact on inflation and the largest negative effect on unemployment. These results may have potential monetary policy implications.
Crosstalk Between Peripheral Innervation and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ni Bo , Yin Yiqing , Li Zekun , Wang Junjin , Wang Xiuchao , Wang Kaiyuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive lethal malignancy, characterized by late diagnosis, aggressive growth, and therapy resistance, leading to a poor overall prognosis. Emerging evidence shows that the peripheral nerve is an important non-tumor component in the tumor microenvironment that regulates tumor growth and immune escape. The crosstalk between the neuronal system and PDAC has become a hot research topic that may provide novel mechanisms underlying tumor progression and further uncover promising therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight the mechanisms of perineural invasion and the role of various types of tumor innervation in the progression of PDAC, summarize the potential signaling pathways modulating the neuronal-cancer interaction, and discuss the current and future therapeutic possibilities for this condition.
Mindfulness facets differentially relate to self-reported negative and positive emotional eating types in treatment-seeking adults with overweight/obesity
Authors: Barnhart Wesley R. , Kalantzis Maria A. , Braden Abby L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Mindfulness is a meaningful therapeutic target in the treatment of emotional eating in adults with overweight/obesity. Descriptive research mapping relations between mindfulness facets and emotional eating types in treatment-seeking adults with overweight/obesity is needed.

Methods
Cross-sectional relations between mindfulness facets (i.e., acting with awareness, describe, non-judgment, non-reactive, and observe; Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form) and emotional eating types (i.e., self-reported negative and positive emotional eating; Emotional Eating Scale-Revised, Emotional Appetite Questionnaire) were examined in a treatment-seeking sample of adults with overweight/obesity (N = 63).

Results
Significant bivariate correlations revealed negative relations between mindfulness facets and emotional eating types. Multiple regressions revealed that higher describe (β = − 0.42, p = 0.004) mindfulness was associated with lower self-reported emotional eating–anger/anxiety; higher non-reactive (β = − 0.31, p = 0.01) and non-judgment (β = − 0.28, p = 0.02) mindfulness were associated with lower self-reported emotional eating-depression; and higher non-judgment (β = 0.26, p = 0.04) mindfulness was associated with higher self-reported emotional eating-positive.

Conclusions
Describe, non-judgment, and non-reactive mindfulness were uniquely and significantly associated with eating in response to negative and positive emotions. Results suggest the potential need for intervention programs to be sensitive to the multidimensional nature of mindfulness in the treatment of distinct types of emotional eating in adults with overweight/obesity.

Level of evidence
V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Explicit and Implicit Affective Attitudes toward Sustainability: The Role of Mindfulness, Heartfulness, Connectedness to Nature and Prosocialness
Authors: Winkelmair Annica , Siebertz Markus , Jost Leonardo , Schroter Franziska Anna , Bartenschlager Christopher Timm Johannes , Jansen Petra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate explicit and implicit affective attitudes toward sustainability, aspects of mindfulness, and their related factors. Therefore, different areas of sustainability (e.g., mobility, nutrition, packaging) were considered. We focused mainly on the indirect effects of mindfulness on attitudes through prosocialness and connectedness to nature. Furthermore, heartfulness, as the emotional quality of mindfulness, was considered. 458 subjects answered a series of questionnaires (mindfulness, connectedness to nature, prosocial behavior, gratitude, and self-compassion questionnaire) and completed an explicit affective evaluation task, as well as an affective priming task measuring implicit attitudes. The participants explicitly evaluated sustainable concepts more positively in comparison to non-sustainable ones. There was no significant correlation between implicit and explicit affective attitudes. Furthermore, the results of structural equation modeling revealed inner awareness and insight as predictors for prosocialness, and prosocialness in turn for the explicit affective attitudes toward sustainability. In addition, exploratory analyses showed a significant relationship between self-compassion and explicit attitudes toward sustainable concepts and a significant overall relation between gratitude, prosocialness, and explicit attitudes toward sustainable concepts. None of the relations to the implicit attitudes was significant. Our findings suggest prosocialness as a relevant mediating factor for the relation of explicit attitudes toward sustainability and mindfulness. However, this connection might be more complex, and the differentiation of mindfulness aspects inner and outer awareness seems insightful and should be considered even more in further research.
The Effect of Impeller Tip Clearance on the Performance of a MGT Mixed Flow Compressor Stage Fitted with a Crossover Diffuser
Authors: van Eck Hano , van der Spuy S. J. , Gannon A. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMixed flow compressor stage designs are becoming increasingly popular for use in Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) engines. Due to manufacturing constraints and structural considerations, such compressors typically feature unshrouded impeller designs. A numeric investigation of the effect of impeller-shroud tip clearance on the performance of a MGT mixed flow compressor stage fitted with a crossover diffuser is presented. Three baseline test compressors are designed using an in-house-developed application based on one-dimensional mean line theory. These cover a wide range of design mass flow rates, design speeds, and impeller meridional exit (mixed flow) angles. The performance of each of the test compressors are evaluated at an impeller-shroud tip clearance of 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.6 mm. Commercial CFD software is used to verify the performance results of the various test compressor configurations. It is found that an increase in impeller tip clearance negatively impacts both compressor performance (total-to-total pressure ratio and efficiency) and choke margin. Conversely, stall margin increases with an increase in impeller tip clearance.
Morbidity Patterns and Determinants of Healthcare-Seeking Behavior Among Older Women in Selected Rural Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Shahinur , Azad Tazrin , Rahman Md. Habibur , Raihan Md. Firoz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBangladesh has experienced growth in the older population in number and proportion, owing to a decline in fertility and mortality, and an increase in life expectancy. Older women in rural Bangladesh have considerably poorer health status than older men, because of women’s’ higher life expectancy and extreme vulnerability as a result of socioeconomic marginalization.ObjectivesThe purpose of the current study was to explore the morbidity patterns and healthcare-seeking behaviors, and their determinants, among older women in selected rural areas of the Bagerhat District in Bangladesh, and to provide recommendations for potential future interventions in this context.Material and MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the household level. Data were collected from 233 randomly selected older women ≥ 60 years of age in three selected villages in the Bagerhat district in Bangladesh in November 2021. Univariate and bivariate analyses (Chi-squared test) were applied to explore morbidities and the associations of healthcare-seeking behaviors with various determinants. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify the associations between healthcare-seeking behavior and significant determinants extracted from the bivariate analysis.ResultsDiabetes and liver diseases were the most common morbidities among older women. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that education, living arrangement, size of the family, and morbidity patterns were significantly associated with seeking healthcare services among older women in rural Bangladesh (P ≤ 0.05). The rates of seeking healthcare services were higher among older women with primary and secondary education, those living with spouses and children, those residing in extended families with seven or more members, and older women with diabetes and liver diseases.ConclusionOn the basis of the findings, we suggest that the traditional extended family structure should be sustained, wherein older people are treated with care and respect, thereby promoting healthy aging in rural Bangladesh. Furthermore, family relationships should be strengthened, because older individuals, particularly older women, require emotional and familial support to lead healthy lives. Because gender roles, norms, and relationships influence people’s exposure to disease, awareness programs regarding the prevalence of morbidities in old age, particularly among older women, should be expanded in rural areas to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.