bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-Layer 5G Network Slicing with UAVs: An Optimization Model
Authors: Colajanni Gabriella , Sciacca Daniele 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present a network-based optimization model describing a closed-loop supply chain for the provision of 5G network slices on demand to users and devices on the ground. The three-tier supply chain network consists of a fleet of pre-existing UAVs, to which others can be added, managed by a fleet of UAV controllers, whose purpose is to perform services requested by users and devices on the ground. The aim of this paper is to provide a constrained optimization problem through which the providers’ profits are maximized, determining the global optimal distributions of request flows, the global optimal distributions of executed services and the optimal reliability level of pre-existing UAVs of the fleet. We also derive the associated Variational inequality formulation of the problem and, finally, a numerical simulation is performed to validate the effectiveness of the model.
A nonsmooth Newton method for solving the generalized complementarity problem
Authors: Vivas Hevert , Pérez Rosana , Arias Carlos A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new nonsmooth Newton-type algorithm for solving the generalized complementarity problem based on its reformulation as a system of nonlinear equations using a one-parametric family of complementarity functions. We demonstrate, under suitable hypotheses, that this algorithm converges locally and q-quadratically. In addition, we show numerical experiments that allow us to see the good performance of the proposed algorithm.
Assessing Leadership Styles in Patient Advocacy Associations: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Morandi Federica , Cicchetti Americo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLeaders’ characteristics are among the factors determining organizational results. Knowledge about the characteristics of patient advocacy association leaders remains scarce but is useful to further increase their involvement in decision-making processes. To fill this knowledge gap, using the Mouton and Blake managerial grid, we explored the leadership styles adopted by a sample of patient advocacy association leaders. We aimed to illustrate their profiles, thus offering a useful self-assessment tool. The majority of the 94 surveyed leaders showed the team leader style, and a smaller number presented less mature profiles. This research paves the way for future action to improve their leadership style.
The explanatory power of explanatory variables
Authors: Johannesson Erik , Ohlson James A. , Zhai Sophia Weihuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the current empirical accounting research paradigm. We ask: In general, do the estimated regressions support the promoted narratives? We focus on a regression model’s main variable of interest and consider the extent to which it contributes to the explanation of the dependent variable. We replicate 10 recently published accounting studies, all of which rely on significant t-statistics, per conventional levels, to claim rejection of the null hypothesis. Our examination shows that in eight studies, the incremental explanatory power contributed by the main variable of interest is effectively zero. For the remaining two, the incremental contribution is at best marginal. These findings highlight the apparent overreliance on t-statistics as the primary evaluation metric. A closer examination of the data shows that the t-statistics produced reject the null hypothesis primarily due to a large number of observations (N). Empirical accounting studies often require N > 10,000 to reject the null hypothesis. To avoid the drawback of t-statistics’ connection with N, we consider the implications of using Standardized Regressions (SR). The magnitude of SR coefficients indicates variables’ relevance directly. Empirical analyses establish a strong correlation between a variable’s estimated SR coefficient magnitude and its incremental explanatory power, without reference to N or t-statistics.
Education Expansion, Income Inequality and Structural Transformation: Evidence From OECD Countries
Authors: Makhlouf Yousef , Lalley Christopher 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the relationship between educational inequality, income inequality and economic transformation using data of 20 OECD countries from 1870 to 2016. Our results show that educational expansion policies increase income inequality in the long run, while having no significant effect on the short run. The structural transformation suggested by Kuznets (1955) explains this potentially counter intuitive result, where contemporary policy, given its focus on the importance of increasing participation and expanding education, must be predicated on the notion that education expansion should decrease income inequality. We quantify the impact of educational inequality on employment in different sectors and find that education expansion promotes the structural transformation towards a higher wage disparity sector. Particularly, expanding education increases the employment in the service sector and reduces the employment in the agriculture sector. Overall, our findings suggest that educational expansion policies play an important role in economic development via promoting the structural transformation, though this leads to higher income inequality. That education expansion is ineffective in reducing income inequality, and instead exacerbates it in the long run, requires significant policy revision despite the popularity of such policies.
The Radius of Metric Regularity Revisited
Authors: Gfrerer Helmut , Kruger Alexander Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe paper extends the radius of metric regularity theorem by Dontchev, Lewis and Rockafellar (2003) by providing an exact formula for the radius with respect to Lipschitz continuous perturbations in general Asplund spaces, thus, answering affirmatively an open question raised twenty years ago by Ioffe. In the non-Asplund case, we give a natural upper bound for the radius complementing the conventional lower bound in the theorem by Dontchev, Lewis and Rockafellar.
Simulation of Reactive Transport in Fractured Porous Media
Authors: Banshoya Shin Irgens , Berre Inga , Keilegavlen Eirik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNumerical simulations of reactive transport in fractured porous media require the solution of coupled physical and chemical processes that depend on the fractures. Such coupled processes are described by a system of nonlinear partial differential-algebraic equations, while strong heterogeneities characterise fractures. This paper presents an approach to simulate single-phase flow and non-isothermal reactive transport with mineral dissolution and precipitation in fractured porous media. Our numerical solution strategy is based on two ingredients. First, the model equations consist of coupled partial differential equations for the fluid flow, heat transfer and solute transport and nonlinear algebraic equations representing the chemical reactions. Second, fractures are explicitly represented and treated as lower-dimensional objects. The partial differential equations are discretised using finite-volume methods, and at each time step, we solve a nonlinear system of equations using Newton’s method. With numerical simulations, we illustrate our model’s ability to accurately describe the two-way interaction between coupled multi-physical processes and two- and three-dimensional porous media with intersecting fractures.
Short communications: an ear-attached accelerometer detects effects of regrouping on lying, rumination, and activity times in calves
Authors: Ramezani Gardaloud N. , Guse C. , Lidauer L. , Steininger A. , Kickinger F. , Öhlschuster M. , Auer W. , Iwersen M. , Drillich M. , Klein-Jöbstl D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to use a sensor-based accelerometer (ACC) to identify changes in lying, rumination, and activity times in weaned calves during the moving and regrouping process. Overall, 270 healthy Holstein calves (from approximately 16 regrouping events) at the age of approximately 4 months were enrolled and equipped with an ear-attached ACC (SMARTBOW, Smartbow GmbH/ Zoetis LLC). Sensor data were recorded for 5 d before (d -5) until 4 d after moving and regrouping (d 4). The day of regrouping was defined as d 0. Acceleration data were continuously processed by specific algorithms (developed by SMARTBOW) for lying, rumination, and activity. Lying, rumination, and activity times were averaged from d -5 to d -3 to generate a baseline value for each parameter. Parameters on d 0 to d 4 after regrouping were compared to this baseline. All parameters showed significant changes compared with the baseline at d 0. Significant decreases in rumination and inactive times were seen up to d 2. Lying time was significantly lower until d 3. The study results indicate that the ACC can be used to monitor the disruptive effects of regrouping on lying and rumination behaviors. Further research is necessary to elucidate how these changes have an impact on health, performance, and welfare and to evaluate how to reduce these potentially negative effects.
Nitrogen fixation associated with two cohabiting moss species expresses different patterns under Cu and Zn contamination
Authors: Sjøgren Toke Due , Wang Yinliu , Rousk Kathrin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNitrogen (N2) fixation by moss-associated cyanobacteria is an important N source in pristine ecosystems. Previous studies have shown that moss-associated N2 fixation is sensitive to anthropogenic N pollution. However, we still lack understanding of the effects of other factors derived from anthropogenic sources, such as heavy metal pollution on N2 fixation. To test this, we collected two dominant mosses (Pleurozium schreberi and Spaghnum palustre) from a temperate bog in Denmark and assessed their N2 fixation responses to simulated heavy metal pollution by adding 5 levels (plus a control) of copper (Cu, 0–0.05 mg g dw−1) and zinc (Zn, 0–0.1 mg g dw−1). Metal concentrations in both mosses increased linearly with Cu and Zn addition, but N2 fixation activity associated with S. palustre was to a greater extent negatively affected by both Cu and Zn additions than that associated with P. schreberi. Copper additions even promoted N2 fixation in P. schreberi. Hence, the heavy metal sensitivity of N2-fixing cyanobacteria is dependent on the host moss-species, and the vulnerability of ecosystems towards heavy metal pollution could vary depending on the dominant moss species.
Clinical Significance of Altered Vascular Morphology and Function in Normotension
Authors: Triantafyllou A. , Anyfanti P. , Koletsos N. , Malliora A. , Lamprou S. , Dipla K. , Gkaliagkousi E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To review current literature examining the presence of subclinical micro- and macrovascular alterations in normotensive individuals and their clinical significance in terms of hypertension prediction. Emphasis is placed on alterations that can be detected in peripheral vascular beds using non-invasive, easily applicable methodology, as these are in general easier to capture and evaluate in clinical practice compared to more complex invasive or functional tests.

Recent Findings
Arterial stiffness, increased carotid intima-media thickness, and altered retinal microvascular diameters predict the progression from the normotensive to the hypertensive state. By contrast, there is substantial lack of relevant prospective studies for skin microvascular alterations. Although conclusions regarding causality cannot be safely deduced from available studies, detection of morphological and functional vascular alterations in normotensive individuals emerges as a sensitive indicator of progression to hypertension and hence increased CVD risk.

Summary
An increasing amount of evidence suggests that early detection of subclinical micro- and macrovascular alterations would be clinically useful for the early identification of individuals at high risk for future hypertension onset. Methodological issues and gaps in knowledge need to be addressed before detection of such changes could guide the development of strategies to prevent new-onset hypertension in normotensive individuals.
18F-FDG-PET/CT to Detect Pathological Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Treatment in Patients with Cancer of the Esophagus or Gastroesophageal Junction: Accuracy and Long-Term Implications
Authors: van der Aa D. C. , Gisbertz S. S. , Anderegg M. C. J. , Lagarde S. M. , Klaassen R. , Meijer S. L. , van Dieren S. , Hulshof MCCM , Bergman JJGHM , Bennink R. J. , van Laarhoven H. W. M. , van Berge Henegouwen M. I. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose

The curative strategy for patients with esophageal cancer without distant metastases consists of esophagectomy with preceding chemo(radio)therapy (CRT). In 10–40% of patients treated with CRT, no viable tumor is detectable in the resection specimen (pathological complete response (pCR)). This study aims to define the clinical outcomes of patients with a pCR and to assess the accuracy of post-CRT FDG-PET/CT in the detection of a pCR.

Methods
Four hundred sixty-three patients with cancer of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction who underwent esophageal resection after CRT between 1994 and 2013 were included. Patients were categorized as pathological complete responders or noncomplete responders. Standardized uptake value (SUV) ratios of 135 post-CRT FDG-PET/CTs were calculated and compared with the pathological findings in the corresponding resection specimens.

Results
Of the 463 included patients, 85 (18.4%) patients had a pCR. During follow-up, 25 (29.4%) of these 85 patients developed recurrent disease. Both 5-year disease-free survival (5y-DFS) and 5-year overall survival (5y-OS) were significantly higher in complete responders compared to noncomplete responders (5y-DFS 69.6% vs. 44.2%; P = 0.001 and 5y-OS 66.5% vs. 43.7%; P = 0.001). Not pCR, but only pN0 was identified as an independent predictor of (disease-free) survival.

Conclusion
Patients with a pCR have a higher probability of survival compared to noncomplete responders. One third of patients with a pCR do develop recurrent disease, and pCR can therefore not be equated with cure. FDG-PET/CT was inaccurate to predict pCR and therefore cannot be used as a sole diagnostic tool to predict pCR after CRT for esophageal cancer.
Statistical Learning of Large-Scale Genetic Data: How to Run a Genome-Wide Association Study of Gene-Expression Data Using the 1000 Genomes Project Data
Authors: Sugolov Anton , Emmenegger Eric , Paterson Andrew D. , Sun Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTeaching statistics through engaging applications to contemporary large-scale datasets is essential to attracting students to the field. To this end, we developed a hands-on, week-long workshop for senior high-school or junior undergraduate students, without prior knowledge in statistical genetics but with some basic knowledge in data science, to conduct their own genome-wide association study (GWAS). The GWAS was performed for open source gene expression data, using publicly available human genetics data. Assisted by a detailed instruction manual, students were able to obtain $$\sim$$
∼
1.4 million p-values from a real scientific study, within several days. This early motivation kept students engaged in learning the theories that support their results, including regression, data visualization, results interpretation, and large-scale multiple hypothesis testing. To further their learning motivation by emphasizing the personal connection to this type of data analysis, students were encouraged to make short presentations about how GWAS has provided insights into the genetic basis of diseases that are present in their friends or families. The appended open source, step-by-step instruction manual includes descriptions of the datasets used, the software needed, and results from the workshop. Additionally, scripts used in the workshop are archived on Github and Zenodo to further enhance reproducible research and training.
A 3-gene signature comprising CDH4, STAT4 and EBV-encoded LMP1 for early diagnosis and predicting disease progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu Shu-Chen , Wang Chun-I , Liu Tzu-Tung , Tsang Ngan-Ming , Sui Yun-Hua , Juang Jyh-Lyh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is highly metastatic but difficult to detect in its early stages. It is critical to develop a simple and highly efficient molecular diagnostic method for early detection of NPC in clinical biopsies.

Methods
The transcriptomic data of primary NPC cell strains were used as a discovery tool. Linear regression approach was used to define signatures distinctive between early and late stage of NPC. Expressions of candidates were validated with an independent set of biopsies (n = 39). Leave-one-out cross-validation technique was employed to estimate the prediction accuracy on stage classification. The clinical relevance of marker genes was verified using NPC bulk RNA sequencing data and IHC analysis.

Results
Three genes comprising CDH4, STAT4, and CYLD were found to have a significant differentiating power to separate NPC from normal nasopharyngeal samples and predicting disease malignancy. IHC analyses showed stronger CDH4, STAT4, and CYLD immunoreactivity in adjacent basal epithelium compared with that in tumor cells (p < 0.001). EBV-encoded LMP1 was exclusively expressed in NPC tumors. Using an independent set of biopsies, we showed that a model combining CDH4, STAT4, and LMP1 had a 92.86% of diagnostic accuracy, whereas a combination of STAT4 and LMP1 had a 70.59% accuracy for predicting advanced disease. Mechanistic studies suggested that promoter methylation, loss of DNA allele, and LMP1 contributed to the suppressive expression of CDH4, CYLD, and STAT4, respectively.

Conclusion
A model combining CDH4 and STAT4 and LMP1 was proposed to be a feasible model for diagnosing NPC and predicting late stage of NPC.
Lower bounds for the smallest singular values of generalized asymptotic diagonal dominant matrices
Authors: Oishi Shin’ichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article presents three classes of real square matrices. They are models of coefficient matrices of linearized Galerkin’s equations. These Galerkin’s equations are derived from first order nonlinear delay differential equation with smooth nonlinearity. This paper shows results of computer experiments stating that the minimum singular values of these matrices are unchanged even if orders of matrices are increased. A time variant Hutchinson equation is also considered. A computer experimental result is shown about this equation. This result shows that “the minimum singular values invariant-ness” holds also for the coefficient matrices of linearized Galerkin’s equations of this equation. A remark is presented that this property can be seen experimentally for a wide class of nonlinear delay differential equation with smooth nonlinearity. A theorem is presented based on the Schur complement. Through it, tight lower bounds are derived for the minimum singular values of such three matrices. It is proved that these lower bounds are unchanged even if orders of matrices are increased.
Towards a neurocognitive profile in familial cerebral cavernous malformations
Authors: Silva Cristiana , Durães João , Lima Marisa , Pereira Daniela Jardim , Santana Isabel , Almeida Maria Rosário 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Familial cerebral cavernous malformations (FCCM) is a rare autosomal dominant disease, characterized by vascular malformations that can lead to macro and microhemorrhages. The neurocognitive impact of FCCM is still underrecognized.

Methods
We report the clinical, neurocognitive, imaging and genetic data of a three generation family with FCCM.

Results
A 63-year-old man (proband) had progressive memory impairment since the last year. Neurologic exam was unremarkable. Brain MRI showed multiple large cavernomas (mainly in the pons, left temporal, and right temporo-parietal) and scattered microhemorrhages. Neuropsychological assessment mainly revealed left frontal and right temporo-parietal dysfunction. A 41-year-old daughter, presented with headache, vertigo and memory complaints in the last 2 years. Neurological examination revealed left central facial paralysis. Brain MRI showed two small right parietal and internal capsule cavernomas, as well as microhemorrhages. Neuropsychological assessment showed moderate temporal neocortical left dysfunction. A 34-year-old daughter had recurrent headache and memory complaints, with unremarkable neurological exam. Brain MRI revealed two large cavernomas (left fronto-orbitary and inferior temporal), with few microhemorrhages. Neuropsychological assessment was normal. A granddaughter had mild headaches and a small right cerebellar cavernoma, without microhemorrhages. Neuropsychological assessment showed mild temporal neocortical left dysfunction. A nonsense variant, c.55C > T; p.R19* generating a premature stop codon in CCM2 gene shared by all affected family members was identified.

Conclusions
Neuropsychological evaluation showed that memory complaints and cognitive impairment could be an important unrecognized finding in FCCM. Its pathophysiological mechanisms are still unknown but the role of recurrent microhemorrhages could provide an interesting hypothesis.
Intraoperative suggestions to prevent postoperative delirium in patients undergoing transaortic valvular replacement: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Kaufmann Christina , Zech Nina , Brandt Florian , Hilker Michael , Debl Kurt , Creutzenberg Marcus , Zeman Florian , Graf Bernhard M. , Sinner Barbara 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a serious complication following anaesthesia and surgery and significantly influences postoperative outcome especially in the elderly population. Intraoperative music and positive suggestions influence postoperative outcomes by attenuating analgesic demand and increasing patient satisfaction.

Aims
Here, we examined the effect of intraoperative music and positive suggestions on the development of POD in aged patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedure under general anaesthesia.

Methods
For this randomized placebo-controlled study, eligible patients without cognitive deficit, indicated by a MMSE < 10 points, were anesthetized using remifentanil and sevoflurane. Anaesthetic depth was guide with bispectral index. An audiotape with positive suggestions was applied from a MP3 player via headphones. POD, pain and PONV was assessed. CAM-ICU and Nu-DESC were done twice daily for the first 5 days.

Results
Of 140 patients 118 patients could be analysed (57 male, 80.6 ± 5.1 years). POD was diagnosed in 16 patients (12.7%). POD was significantly more often observed in male (12, 21.1%) than in female (4, 6.6%, p = 0.02) and in patients with a low MMSE (23.6 ± 4.5 vs. 26.8 ± 2.8, p = 0.001). Anaesthetic depth did not influence the incidence of POD. Intraoperative music and suggestions did not affect the rate of POD, pain, analgesic requirement or PONV.

Discussion
In patients undergoing TAVR male sex and low MMSE scoring are associated with an increase in POD.

Conclusions
Intraoperative music and positive suggestions do not influence the incidence of POD in this patient group.

Study registration
DRKS: 00024444, start of registration: 4.02.202, final registration: 17.09.2021