bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-World Pharmacoeconomic Assessment of Paliperidone Palmitate for Schizophrenia Management:A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yixiang , Chen Binbin , Huang Yinghua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: To perform a pharmacoeconomic assessment of one-year maintenance treatment in stable schizophrenic patients with paliperidone extended-release tablets (PPER) and paliperidone palmitate once-monthly (PP1M) and provide a reference for clinicians in patient selection.
Methods: A retrospective investigation and analysis were conducted on stable schizophrenic patients who had been on PPER or PP1M for at least one year between June 2014 and December 2019. Patient demographic data, direct medical and nonmedical costs, and other information were collected. The clinical efficacy data were obtained from published articles, and a cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted.
Results:The PPER and PP1M groups included data from 84 and 62 patients, respectively. The two groups had no significant difference in gender and age. The total effective rates of PPER and PP1M were 73.17 and 97.37%, respectively. The registration frequency in the PPER group was significantly higher than that in the PP1M group (P <0.001). The cost of medication and total treatment was significantly higher in the PP1M group than in the PPER group (P <0.001). The cost/effect value was slightly higher in the PP1M group than in the PPER group. The incremental cost-effect ratio of both treatments was 369.07 yuan, less than the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) value.
Conclusion: Both formulations of paliperidone were found to be suitable for the long-term management of schizophrenia, while PP1M has better pharmacoeconomic advantages.
Factors influencing clinical pregnancy failure in patients with RIF treated with the IVF-ET technique: a cohort analysis based on a propensity score approach
Authors: Zhang Qiong , Ai Zhonghua , Tang Songyuan , Jia Yan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the risk factors for clinical pregnancy in patients with recurrent embryo implantation failure (RIF) treated with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) technique.
Methods
1074 patients treated with IVF-ET were matched for propensity score to reduce the effect of confounding factors. The final endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA) group and the conventional frozen embryo transfer (FET) group were each matched to 204 cases, with 201 in the failed pregnancy group and 207 in the successful pregnancy group. Their basic demographic characteristics and relevant clinical data were collected, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival curves of the patients' pregnancy rates, and the factors influencing them were analysed using Cox regression models.
Results
The success and failure rates of clinical pregnancies in patients with RIF were 50.74% and 49.26%, respectively. Patients in the failed pregnancy group did not receive an ERA, had > 3 previous implantation failures, and were transferred with a single embryo, with no quality embryos transferred.
Conclusion
Not receiving an ERA, having > 3 previous implantation failures, using single embryo transfer and not transferring quality embryos are risk factors for clinical pregnancy in patients with RIF.
Modeling COVID-19 Spread using Multi-Agent Simulation with Small-World Network Approach
Authors: Fan Qin , Li Qun , Chen Youliang , Tang Jianbo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The rapid global spread of COVID-19 has seriously impacted people's daily lives and the social economy while also posing a threat to their lives. The analysis of infectious disease transmission is of significant importance for the rational allocation of epidemic prevention and control resources, the management of public health emergencies, and the improvement of future public health systems.
Methods
We propose a spatio-temporal COVID-19 transmission model with a neighborhood as an agent unit and an urban spatial network with long and short edge connections. The spreading model includes a network of defined agent attributes, transformation rules, and social relations and a small world network representing agents' social relations. Parameters for each stage are fitted by the Runge-Kutta method combined with the SEIR model. Using the NetLogo development platform, accurate dynamic simulations of the spatial and temporal evolution of the early epidemic were achieved.
Results
Experimental results demonstrate that the fitted curves from the four stages agree with actual data, with only a 12.27% difference between the average number of infected agents and the actual number of infected agents after simulating one hundred times. Additionally, the model simulates and compares different "city closure" scenarios. The results showed that implementing a 'lockdown' 10 days earlier would lead to the peak number of infections occurring seven days earlier than in the normal scenario, with a reduction of 40.35% in the total number of infections.
Discussion
The intervention of epidemic prevention measures will significantly impact the transmission of the disease, and the earlier the intervention occurs, the more pronounced the effect in suppressing the spread of the epidemic. This approach can accurately replicate actual virus transmission data and predict the epidemic's future trend based on available data so that health decision-makers may better comprehend its spread.
Engagement of Peer Educators from India’s National Adolescent Health Programme for the COVID-19 response activities: Qualitative Findings from iSaathiya study
Authors: Bassi Shalini , Bahl Deepika , Maity Heeya , Dringus Stefanie , Rizvi Zoya Ali , Kumar Deepak , Raina Agrima , Arora Monika 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The study was conducted to understand the role of peer educators recruited under Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) for COVID-19 response activities in two Indian states (Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra).
Methods
In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with stakeholders (n = 110, Maharashtra: 57, Madhya Pradesh: 53) engaged in the implementation of the Peer Education programme of RKSK at the state, district, block, and village levels. Additionally, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were also conducted with adolescents who were part of the peer group of peer educators (n = 120 adolescents, Maharashtra: 66 and Madhya Pradesh: 54). IDIs and FGDs were audio-recorded, translated, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. Adopting inductive and deductive approaches, a data-driven open coding framework was developed for thematic analysis.
Results
The study findings highlighted the crucial role of peer educators affiliated with RKSK by demonstrating their ability to act as innovators, communicators and navigators to promote the well-being of adolescents and the community during the pandemic. They contributed beyond their predefined roles and responsibilities within the RKSK. They supported frontline healthcare workers in raising awareness and promoting COVID-19-appropriate behaviours in the community. Amid the lockdown, they ensured access to menstrual hygiene products for adolescent girls, distributed essential groceries and medications to the needy members of the community, and generated employment opportunities for families by providing opportunities to make masks. Additionally, considering their technology competence, peer educators supported health workers in the registration process for beneficiaries on the COWIN platform. Furthermore, study findings demonstrated that they acted as a navigator to the health system. By getting their first dose and spreading awareness and busting myths about vaccines, they served as role models and helped to reduce vaccine hesitancy in the community.
Conclusion
Despite their unpreparedness, peer educators demonstrated their tenacity during COVID-19. Their ability to act responsibly and support frontline health workers underscores the potential of further honing their skills to support the public health system. There is also a need to grant more visibility through awards, incentives, skill courses and additional grades through Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) to sustain the momentum of work within RKSK and beyond.
Assessing the Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Incidental Lung Nodules at an Urban Safety Net Hospital
Authors: Fernandes Mateus , Milla Cristian , Gubran Ahmed , Barrazueta Sandra , Altonen Brian , DiVittis Anthony , Team Woodhull Resident Research , Kuperberg Stephen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Lower socioeconomic status has been identified as an emerging risk factor for health disparities, including lung cancer outcomes. Most research investigating these outcomes includes patients from formal lung cancer screening programs. There is a paucity of studies assessing the relationship between socioeconomic status and incidental lung nodules. This study aimed to investigate the association between socioeconomic status and the size of incidental lung nodules on initial presentation at an urban safety net hospital, which did not have a formal lung cancer screening program or incidental lung nodule program.
Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients with incidental lung nodules on CT chest imaging who were referred from primary care to a pulmonology clinic at a safety net hospital. Patients with incomplete nodule characteristics information were excluded. Data on demographics, comorbidities, smoking history, insurance type, immigration status, and geographical factors were collected. Less commonly studied determinants such as crime index, cost of living, and air quality index were also assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess relationships between nodule size and socioeconomic determinants.
Results:
Out of 3,490 patients with chest CT scans, 268 patients with ILNs were included in the study. 84.7% of patients represented racial or ethnic minorities, and most patients (67.8%) had federal insurance. Patients with non-commercial insurance were more likely to have larger, inherently higher-risk nodules (> 8mm) compared to those with commercial insurance (OR 2.18, p 0.01). Patients from areas with higher unemployment rates were also less likely (OR 0.75, p 0.04) to have smaller nodules (< 6mm). Patients representing racial or ethnic minorities were also more likely to have nodules > 8mm (OR 1.6, p 0.24), and less likely to have nodules < 6mm (OR 0.6, p 0.32), however, these relationships were not statistically significant.
Conclusion:
This study found that lower socioeconomic status, indicated by having non-commercial insurance, was associated with larger incidental lung nodule size on initial presentation. While it is established that socioeconomic status is associated with disparities in lung cancer screening, these findings suggest that inequalities may also be present in those with incidental lung nodules. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop interventions to address these disparities in incidental lung nodule outcomes.
Meteorological effects on the performance of a solid-state α ― detector measuring water samples with predefined radon concentration
Authors: Masevhe Livhuwani , Mavunda Risimati Dazmen , Connell Simon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The current study validates an α-spectrometry method by assessing the functionality and response of a solid-state alpha detector to known Radon concentrations, outdoor weather conditions and varied sample volumes. These all have an influence on the sample’s behaviour inside the detector. Five samples of water with known radon concentrations (ranged from 90.66±7.20 mBq.l−1 to 314.65±24.6 mBq.l− 1) were used. The experimental setup used a radon-stripping unit connected to a continuous radon monitor, which measured the 222Rn in the water by counting α-particles emitted by its progeny in secular equilibrium. The effects of meteorological parameters such as the sample concentrations and volume, internal temperature and relative humidity inside the detector were observed. The analysis of the fluctuations of temperature and relative humidity in the detection chamber were found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions and outcomes of other previous studies. To calibrate the detector of choice, the same standard samples were measured by a liquid scintillation counter (LSC) which was considered as a reference detector in the current study. The two techniques gave similar trends in the results. The LSC results appeared to be consistently lower than those of the α-spectrometry as seen by the RAD-7 device. The α-spectrometry system based on a solid-state detector had a good resolution of the peaks (FWHM of 18.61 keV and 20.93 keV) which was better than that of LSC (FWHM 166 keV) whose peaks could not be resolved. The energy-tailing of the LCS spectrum caused by Compton Scattering led to a higher count-rate of 4.11 cpm for the LSC compared to 0.71 cpm for the RAD-7. The study demonstrated that α-spectrometry method as deployed in the RAD-7 device is the most suitable equipment for the measurement of radon concentration in water because of its superior sensitivity.
Investigation of clean energy production in drinking water networks
Authors: Sume Veli , Daneshfaraz Rasoul , Kerim Ali , Abbaszadeh Hamidreza , Abraham John 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Viable renewable energy sources are low-cost, easy to install, clean, and reliable energy sources that are able to meet the energy demand of urban or rural areas. Water resources are efficient sources of electrical energy among alternative renewable energy sources. Using modern hydraulic techniques, drinking water can be transported to the areas where it is needed. Studies on obtaining energy from drinking water networks are quite limited. Although not as necessary as water in terms or human health, electrical power is still critically important in my applications (lighting, heating, cooling, etc). Consequently, many countries develop energy using various renewable energy sources. In this study, a water distribution network in the Armağan Village of Maçka district of Trabzon province were used to obtain electrical energy. There are 47 pressure breaking valves (PBVs) in this network and the broken energy height is 236.35m. The same energy loss can be achieved by installing microturbines instead of PBVs, and electricity generation can thus be achieved with a clean energy source. It was found that 84.12kWh of energy was obtained from each PBV, with a total of, 3953.64kWh. The most suitable microturbine was selected according to soundmicroturbine selection criteria. From this study, it has been revealed that electricity can be produced by using a Pelton Microturbine instead of Pressure Breaker Valves (PBV).
Impact of Vision Screening Attitudes and Practices Among Pediatricians on Ophthalmology Referrals in Florida
Authors: Sharma Meghan , Huertas Laura , Savatovsky Eleonore , Grajewski Alana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
In Florida, mandated school vision screening begin around the age of five. However, a joint statement in the ophthalmology community recommends that primary care providers, including pediatricians, screen for eye and vision symptoms and signs starting at birth. This suggests that pediatricians may be the first to catch signs of early vision loss and refer pediatric patients to an ophthalmologist. This study aims to understand how current vision screening attitudes and practices of pediatricians in Florida may impact ophthalmology referrals.
Methods
A survey with 36 questions regarding was sent to pediatricians through digital newsletters to the Florida Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics and pediatric departments at Florida universities. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test was used to examine whether decreased comfort performing an eye/vision screening on a child was associated with lower rates of urgent referrals to an optometrist or ophthalmologist.
Results
46 responses were collected. 50% of respondents reported receiving no previous training on performing vision screening, and less than half of respondents reported feeling “somewhat comfortable” or “extremely comfortable” with performing the exam (48%). The trend between decreased comfort performing pediatric vision screening and lower rates of urgent eye care referrals was approaching significance (p = 0.0705). The majority of urgent referrals were provided by respondents who were somewhat or extremely comfortable with screening (65%).
Conclusion/Relevance:
While most of the surveyed pediatricians perform early childhood vision screening (78%), many report that they have never received training on performing the exam or do not feel comfortable performing them. Increased training on vision screening procedures may help improve comfort levels and preparedness regarding vision screening, which may encourage more urgent referrals to ophthalmologists from pediatric clinics.
Epichaperome-targeted Myocardial Imaging by 124I-PU-H71 PET
Authors: Mahajan Sonia , Grkovski Milan , Staton Kevin D. , Ravassa Susana , Domfe Kwaku Owusu , Strauss H. William , Humm John L. , Zanzonico Pat B. , Beattie Bradley J. , Cho Insang , Burnazi Eva M. , Fox Josef J. , Schöder Heiko , Osborne Joseph R. , Youn Trisha , Jhaveri Komal , Chiosis Gabriela , Dunphy Mark P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
124I-PU-H71 is an imaging biomarker of epichaperome formation, localizing in tissues under chronic stress. A first-in-human positron emission tomography (PET) trial in cancer patients revealed unexpected tracer accumulation in the myocardium.
Results
Myocardial accumulation of 124I-PU-H71 was prominent in all patients, with median LVmyo SUVmean of 2.8, 2.5, 2.4 and 1.0 at 1-9min, 14-23min, 3-4hrs and 21-25hrs, respectively. Myocardium uptake peaked within 2 minutes post-injection, remaining sustained after 4hrs post-injection. Uniform tracer uptake was observed in LV and myocardial segments; with LVEF of 57.7±3.5%; no patients suffered cardiac events over subsequent 12-month period.
Conclusion
PU-H71 PET merits further study as a myocardial epichaperome biomarker, with potential application in drug development, and as biomarker in subclinical cardiac dysfunction.
Which government policies to create healthy diets from sustainable food systems have the potential to simultaneously address undernutrition, obesity and environmental sustainability? Results of an evidence review and international expert consultation.
Authors: Burgaz Celia , Dam Iris Van , Garton Kelly , Swinburn Boyd A. , Sacks Gary , Asiki Gershim , Claro Rafael M. , Diouf Adama , Martins Ana Paula Bartoletto , Vandevijvere Stefanie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
A transformation of food systems is urgently needed, given their contribution to three ongoing and interlinked global health pandemics: (1) food insecurity, (2) obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and (3) climate change and biodiversity loss. As policymakers make decisions that shape food systems, this study aimed to identify and prioritise policies with double- or triple-duty potential to achieve healthy diets from sustainable food systems (SFS).
Methods
Through a compilation of international policy recommendations, a scoping review, online surveys and four regional workshops with experts, policies were identified and prioritised based on their double- or triple-duty potential, synergies and trade-offs. Using participatory and transdisciplinary approaches, policies were identified to have double- or triple-duty potential if they were deemed effective in tackling two or three of the primary outcome areas of interest: (1) undernutrition, (2) obesity/NCDs and (3) environmental sustainability.
Results
A list of 44 proposed policies for healthy diets from SFS was created, divided into two main policy domains: ‘food supply chains’ and ‘food environments’. Four synergies and 32 trade-offs were identified. The outcome area with the most trade-offs identified was ‘undernutrition’, followed by ‘environmental sustainability’, and ‘obesity/NCDs’. Of the top five expert-ranked food supply chain policies, two were perceived to have triple-duty potential: (a) incentives for crop diversification; (b) support for start-ups, and small- and medium-sized enterprises. For food environments, three of the top five ranked policies had perceived triple-duty potential: (a) affordability of healthier and more sustainable diets; (b) subsidies for healthier and more sustainable foods; (c) restrictions on children's exposure to marketing through all media.
Conclusion
This study identified and prioritized a comprehensive list of double- and triple-duty government policies for creating healthy diets from SFS. As some proposed policies may have trade-offs across outcome areas, they should be carefully contextualised, designed, implemented and monitored.
Malignities And Fornix: This Article Will Change Your Perspective To The Fornix
Authors: KILIÇ Abidin Emre , BİLGİN Ezel YALTIRIK , ÜNAL Özkan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this retrospective study to share our eight years of experiences with primary and metastatic tumors affecting the fornix.
Methods
Between January 2015 and March 2023, 1087 patients, of both sexes, who applied to the radiology department and whose cranial MRI were obtained due to the preliminary diagnosis of intracranial malignancy, were evaluated retrospectively.The relationship of primary and metastatic tumors with the fornix was performed by two radiologists with 6 and 10 years of experience in MRI examination.
Results
Fornix involvement diagnosed in 29/1087 (2.66%) patients, fornix was affected by metastatic lesions in 14 patients (48.2%) and by primary tumors in 15 patients (51.7%). Metastatic lesions were localized only to the fornix in seven patients and localized with neighboring structures in eight patients. Lung cancer and breast cancer constituted the majority of metastatic lesions origin, other tumors were osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pleomorphic sarcoma and diffuse large B- cell lymphoma. Among all primary tumors, glioblastoma was the most common primary brain tumor invading the fornix, other diagnoses were diffuse astrocytoma, medullablastoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma. Tumors affecting the fornix were detected at the time of diagnosis and with a wide range of up to 120 months after diagnosis. A retrospective evaluation of medical records revealed memory deficid in four patients.
Conclusion
The fornix can be affected by both metastatic and non-metastatic intracranial tumors. Knowing neuroanatomical relationships facilitates the evaluation of lesions affecting the fornix.