bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hilbert-type operator induced by radial weight on Hardy spaces
Authors: Merchán Noel , Peláez José Ángel , de la Rosa Elena 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the Hilbert-type operator defined by $$\begin{aligned} H_{\omega }(f)(z)=\int _0^1 f(t)\left( \frac{1}{z}\int _0^z B^{\omega }_t(u)\,du\right) \,\omega (t)dt, \end{aligned}$$

H
ω

(
f
)

(
z
)

=

∫
0
1

f

(
t
)

1
z

∫
0
z

B
t
ω

(
u
)

d
u

ω

(
t
)

d
t
,

where $$\{B^{\omega }_\zeta \}_{\zeta \in \mathbb {D}}$$

{

B
ζ
ω

}

ζ
∈
D

are the reproducing kernels of the Bergman space $$A^2_\omega $$

A
ω
2

induced by a radial weight $$\omega $$
ω
in the unit disc $$\mathbb {D}$$
D
. We prove that $$H_{\omega }$$

H
ω

is bounded on the Hardy space $$H^p$$

H
p

, $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

, if and only if $$\begin{aligned} \sup _{0\le r<1} \frac{\widehat{\omega }(r)}{\widehat{\omega }\left( \frac{1+r}{2}\right) }<\infty , (\dag )\end{aligned}$$

sup

0
≤
r
<
1

ω
^

(
r
)

ω
^

1
+
r

2

<
∞
,

(
†
)

and $$\begin{aligned} \sup \limits _{0<r<1}\left( \int _0^r \frac{1}{\widehat{\omega }(t)^p} dt\right) ^{\frac{1}{p}} \left( \int _r^1 \left( \frac{\widehat{\omega }(t)}{1-t}\right) ^{p'}\,dt\right) ^{\frac{1}{p'}} <\infty , \end{aligned}$$

sup

0
<
r
<
1

∫
0
r

1

ω
^

(
t
)

p

d
t

1
p

∫
r
1

ω
^

(
t
)

1
-
t

p
′

d
t

1

p
′

<
∞
,

where $$\widehat{\omega }(r)=\int _r^1 \omega (s)\,ds$$

ω
^

(
r
)

=

∫
r
1

ω

(
s
)

d
s

. We also prove that $$H_\omega : H^1\rightarrow H^1$$

H
ω

:

H
1

→

H
1

is bounded if and only if ($$\dag $$
†
) holds and $$\begin{aligned} \sup \limits _{r \in [0,1)} \frac{\widehat{\omega }(r)}{1-r} \left( \int _0^r \frac{ds}{\widehat{\omega }(s)}\right) <\infty . \end{aligned}$$

sup

r
∈
[
0
,
1
)

ω
^

(
r
)

1
-
r

∫
0
r

ds

ω
^

(
s
)

<
∞
.

As for the case $$p=\infty $$

p
=
∞

, $$H_\omega $$

H
ω

is bounded from $$H^\infty $$

H
∞

to $$\mathord \textrm{BMOA}$$
BMOA
, or to the Bloch space, if and only if ($$\dag $$
†
) holds. In addition, we prove that there does not exist radial weights $$\omega $$
ω
such that $$H_{\omega }: H^p \rightarrow H^p $$

H
ω

:

H
p

→

H
p

, $$1\le p<\infty $$

1
≤
p
<
∞

, is compact and we consider the action of $$H_{\omega }$$

H
ω

on some spaces of analytic functions closely related to Hardy spaces.
TTOBench—an Open-Source Library for Train Trajectory Optimization
Authors: Kouzoupis Dimitris , Pendharkar Ishan , Corman Francesco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver the past few years, the field of train trajectory optimization has been enriched with numerous publications proposing novel solution algorithms, solving known practical problems or applying existing methods to academic and industrial applications. However, the data that were used in the numerical experiments - especially those related to the railway infrastructure - are rarely public, making the comparison of different algorithms or the reproduction of any results difficult if not impossible. In this work, we try to bridge this gap by introducing a library of track data with slope and speed limit information as a first step towards an open-source benchmark suite for train trajectory optimization. The collected items were either publicly available in some form or acquired by the digitalization of published figures. We encourage authors in the field to contribute to this library for the common benefit of the community.
Surgeon-Stratified Periprosthetic Fracture Risk in a Single-Hospital Cohort of 1531 Uncemented ABG-II Femoral Stems at Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kropivšek Luka , Antolič Vane , Mavčič Blaž 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Late periprosthetic fracture risk with uncemented ABG-II femoral stems at primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been reported before, but single-hospital surgeon-stratified reports of this implant have never been published. We asked whether periprosthetic fracture rates of ABG-II femoral stems implanted at a single tertiary hospital depended on patients’ age, gender and the operating surgeon.

Methods
The study included 1531 consecutive primary ABG-II femoral stems implanted at a single tertiary hospital between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018. The Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed after 3.6–10.6 years of follow-up.

Results
In the cohort, we recorded 8 intraoperative, 22 early postoperative (within 90 days of implantation) and 26 late periprosthetic fractures (over 90 days postoperatively). The revision rate of ABG-II femoral stems was 5.1/100 component-years for early and 0.3/100 component-years for late periprosthetic fractures. The Kaplan–Meier cumulative probability of periprosthetic fracture was 2.1% at one, 2.3% at 2, 3.2% at 5, and 6.5% at 10 years after the implantation. Higher patient's age at operation was an independent risk factor of subsequent periprosthetic fracture (hazard ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.10; p < 0.01), regardless of the operating surgeon. Most of the fractured femora were Dorr type C (stovepipe).

Conclusion
The study presents the largest published ABG-II femoral stem cohort from a single hospital so far with 9291 component-years of observation. Periprosthetic fracture risk of ABG-II increased with patients’ age, had no variability between different surgeons, and was considerably higher from other uncemented femoral stems used at the same hospital.

Level of Evidence
III.
On a multi-parameter variant of the Bellow–Furstenberg problem
Authors: Bourgain Jean , Mirek Mariusz , Stein Elias M. , Wright James 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We prove convergence in norm and pointwise almost everywhere on

$L^p$

,

$p\in (1,\infty )$

, for certain multi-parameter polynomial ergodic averages by establishing the corresponding multi-parameter maximal and oscillation inequalities. Our result, in particular, gives an affirmative answer to a multi-parameter variant of the Bellow–Furstenberg problem. This paper is also the first systematic treatment of multi-parameter oscillation semi-norms which allows an efficient handling of multi-parameter pointwise convergence problems with arithmetic features. The methods of proof of our main result develop estimates for multi-parameter exponential sums, as well as introduce new ideas from the so-called multi-parameter circle method in the context of the geometry of backwards Newton diagrams that are dictated by the shape of the polynomials defining our ergodic averages.
Electrostatic Waves Around a Magnetopause Reconnection Secondary Electron Diffusion Region Modulated by Whistler and Lower‐Hybrid Waves
Authors: Wang Shan , Graham Daniel B. , An Xin , Li Li , Zong Qiu‐Gang , Zhou Xu‐Zhi , Li Wen‐Ya , Liu Zhi‐Yang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe investigate electrostatic waves in a magnetopause reconnection event around a secondary electron diffusion region. Near the current sheet mid‐plane, parallel electron beam‐mode waves are modulated by whistler waves. We conclude that the anisotropy of energized electrons in the reconnection exhaust excites whistler waves, which produce spatially modulated electron beams through nonlinear Landau resonance, and these beams excite beam‐mode electrostatic waves. In the separatrix region, parallel propagating electrostatic waves associated with field‐aligned electron beams and perpendicular propagating electron cyclotron harmonic waves with loss cone distributions exhibit modulation frequencies in the lower‐hybrid wave (LHW) frequency range. We infer that LHWs scatter electrons to produce beams and alter loss cones to modulate electrostatic waves. The results advance our understanding about the regimes and mechanisms of electrostatic waves in reconnection, with an emphasis on their coupling with lower‐frequency electromagnetic waves.
Enhanced Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure as a Driver of Low‐Energy Proton Temperature Anisotropies and High‐Frequency EMIC Waves
Authors: Xue Zuxiang , Yuan Zhigang , Yu Xiongdong , Huang Zheng , Deng Dan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTypical and high‐frequency electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves were simultaneously registered by satellites in the afternoon sector of the inner magnetosphere during enhanced solar wind dynamic pressure (Pdyn) on 3 November 2015. The compression of the dayside magnetosphere leads to amplified field intensities and squeezed field lines, which causes adiabatic accelerations of both hot (10s keV) and low‐energy (10s–100s eV) protons at the equatorial region. Temperature anisotropies of low‐energy protons enhance in immediate response to Pdyn impact accompanied by the generation of EMIC waves with frequencies close to proton gyrofrequencies. The low‐energy protons with enhanced fluxes are found to resonate with the high‐frequency EMIC waves, indicating their potential contributions to wave excitation. The comprehensive analysis of this work provides a new physical scenario describing the evolution of low‐energy protons and the generation of high‐frequency EMIC waves, reflecting the critical role of Pdyn in magnetospheric plasma dynamics.
Budyko Framework Based Analysis of the Effect of Climate Change on Watershed Evaporation Efficiency and Its Impact on Discharge Over Europe
Authors: Collignan Julie , Polcher Jan , Bastin Sophie , Quintana‐Segui Pere 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the context of climate change, the stakes surrounding water availability are rapidly intensifying. Decomposing and quantifying the effects of climate on discharge allows us to understand their impact on water resources better. We propose a methodology to separate the effect of change in the annual mean of climate variables from the effect of the intra‐annual distribution of precipitation. It combines the Budyko framework with land surface model (LSM) outputs. The LSM is used to reproduce the behavior of 2,134 reconstructed watersheds across Europe between 1902 and 2010, with climate inputs as the only source of change. We fit a one‐parameter approximation of the Budyko framework to the LSM outputs. It accounts for the evolution of the annual mean in precipitation (P) and potential evapotranspiration (PET). We introduce a varying parameter in the equation, representing the effect of long‐term variations in the intra‐annual distribution of P and PET. To better assess the effects of changes in annual means or intra‐annual distribution of P, we construct synthetic forcings fixing one or the other. European results show that the trends in the annual averages of P dominate the trends in discharge due to climate. The second main climate driver is PET, except over the Mediterranean area, where changes in intra‐annual variations of P have a higher impact on discharge than trends in PET. Therefore, the effects of changes in the intra‐annual distribution of climate variables are to be addressed when looking at changes in annual discharge.
The singularities of light: intensity, phase, polarisation
Authors: Berry Michael V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn modern optics, light can be described at different levels: as rays, as scalar waves, as vector fields, and as quantum fields. In the first three levels, there are singularities—characteristic features, useful in interpreting phenomena at that level. In geometrical optics, the singularities are ray caustics; in scalar wave optics, they are phase singularities (=wave dislocations= wave vortices = nodal manifolds); in vector waves, they are singularities where the polarisation of light is purely linear or purely circular. The singularities at each level are dissolved at the next level. Similar singularities occur in all waves, not just light.
Perceptual learning deficits mediated by somatostatin releasing inhibitory interneurons of olfactory bulb in an early life stress mouse model
Authors: Pardasani Meenakshi , Ramakrishnan Anantha Maharasi , Mahajan Sarang , Kantroo Meher , McGowan Eleanor , Das Susobhan , Srikanth Priyadharshini , Pandey Sanyukta , Abraham Nixon M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEarly life adversity (ELA) causes aberrant functioning of neural circuits affecting the health of an individual. While ELA-induced behavioural disorders resulting from sensory and cognitive disabilities can be assessed clinically, the neural mechanisms need to be probed using animal models by employing multi-pronged experimental approaches. As ELA can alter sensory perception, we investigated the effect of early weaning on murine olfaction. By implementing go/no-go odour discrimination paradigm, we observed olfactory learning and memory impairments in early life stressed (ELS) male mice. As olfactory bulb (OB) circuitry plays a critical role in odour learning, we studied the plausible changes in the OB of ELS mice. Lowered c-Fos activity in the external plexiform layer and a reduction in the number of dendritic processes of somatostatin-releasing, GABAergic interneurons (SOM-INs) in the ELS mice led us to hypothesise the underlying circuit. We recorded reduced synaptic inhibitory feedback on mitral/tufted (M/T) cells, in the OB slices from ELS mice, explaining the learning deficiency caused by compromised refinement of OB output. The reduction in synaptic inhibition was nullified by the photo-activation of ChR2-expressing SOM-INs in ELS mice. The role of SOM-INs was revealed by learning-dependent refinement of Ca2+dynamics quantified by GCaMP6f signals, which was absent in ELS mice. Further, the causal role of SOM-INs involving circuitry was investigated by optogenetic modulation during the odour discrimination learning. Photo-activating these neurons rescued the ELA-induced learning deficits. Conversely, photo-inhibition caused learning deficiency in control animals, while it completely abolished the learning in ELS mice, confirming the adverse effects mediated by SOM-INs. Our results thus establish the role of specific inhibitory circuit in pre-cortical sensory area in orchestrating ELA-dependent changes.
Relative importance of speech and voice features in the classification of schizophrenia and depression
Authors: Berardi Mark , Brosch Katharina , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Schneider Katharina , Sültmann Angela , Thomas-Odenthal Florian , Wroblewski Adrian , Usemann Paula , Philipsen Alexandra , Dannlowski Udo , Nenadić Igor , Kircher Tilo , Krug Axel , Stein Frederike , Dietrich Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSpeech is a promising biomarker for schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). This proof of principle study investigates previously studied speech acoustics in combination with a novel application of voice pathology features as objective and reproducible classifiers for depression, schizophrenia, and healthy controls (HC). Speech and voice features for classification were calculated from recordings of picture descriptions from 240 speech samples (20 participants with SSD, 20 with MDD, and 20 HC each with 4 samples). Binary classification support vector machine (SVM) models classified the disorder groups and HC. For each feature, the permutation feature importance was calculated, and the top 25% most important features were used to compare differences between the disorder groups and HC including correlations between the important features and symptom severity scores. Multiple kernels for SVM were tested and the pairwise models with the best performing kernel (3-degree polynomial) were highly accurate for each classification: 0.947 for HC vs. SSD, 0.920 for HC vs. MDD, and 0.932 for SSD vs. MDD. The relatively most important features were measures of articulation coordination, number of pauses per minute, and speech variability. There were moderate correlations between important features and positive symptoms for SSD. The important features suggest that speech characteristics relating to psychomotor slowing, alogia, and flat affect differ between HC, SSD, and MDD.
A spectroscopic liquid biopsy for the earlier detection of multiple cancer types
Authors: Cameron James M. , Sala Alexandra , Antoniou Georgios , Brennan Paul M. , Butler Holly J. , Conn Justin J. A. , Connal Siobhan , Curran Tom , Hegarty Mark G. , McHardy Rose G. , Orringer Daniel , Palmer David S. , Smith Benjamin R. , Baker Matthew J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
A rapid, low-cost blood test that can be applied to reliably detect multiple different cancer types would be transformational.

Methods
In this large-scale discovery study (n = 2092 patients) we applied the Dxcover® Cancer Liquid Biopsy to examine eight different cancers. The test uses Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and machine-learning algorithms to detect cancer.

Results
Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) values were calculated for eight cancer types versus symptomatic non-cancer controls: brain (0.90), breast (0.76), colorectal (0.91), kidney (0.91), lung (0.91), ovarian (0.86), pancreatic (0.84) and prostate (0.86). We assessed the test performance when all eight cancer types were pooled to classify ‘any cancer’ against non-cancer patients. The cancer versus asymptomatic non-cancer classification detected 64% of Stage I cancers when specificity was 99% (overall sensitivity 57%). When tuned for higher sensitivity, this model identified 99% of Stage I cancers (with specificity 59%).

Conclusions
This spectroscopic blood test can effectively detect early-stage disease and can be fine-tuned to maximise either sensitivity or specificity depending on the requirements from different healthcare systems and cancer diagnostic pathways. This low-cost strategy could facilitate the requisite earlier diagnosis, when cancer treatment can be more effective, or less toxic.

Statement of translational relevance
The earlier diagnosis of cancer is of paramount importance to improve patient survival. Current liquid biopsies are mainly focused on single tumour-derived biomarkers, which limits test sensitivity, especially for early-stage cancers that do not shed enough genetic material. This pan-omic liquid biopsy analyses the full complement of tumour and immune-derived markers present within blood derivatives and could facilitate the earlier detection of multiple cancer types. There is a low barrier to integrating this blood test into existing diagnostic pathways since the technology is rapid, simple to use, only minute sample volumes are required, and sample preparation is minimal. In addition, the spectroscopic liquid biopsy described in this study has the potential to be combined with other orthogonal tests, such as cell-free DNA, which could provide an efficient route to diagnosis. Cancer treatment can be more effective when given earlier, and this low-cost strategy has the potential to improve patient prognosis.
CSE reduces OTUD4 triggering lung epithelial cell apoptosis via PAI-1 degradation
Authors: Luo Lijuan , Li Tiao , Zeng Zihang , Li Herui , He Xue , Chen Yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOvarian tumor family deubiquitinase 4 (OTUD4), a member of the OTU deubiquitinating enzyme, is implicated to decrease in cancer to regulate cell apoptosis. However, the role of OTUD4 in cigarette smoke induced epithelial cell apoptosis and its mechanism have not been elucidated. In this study, we showed that OTUD4 protein reduced in CSE treated mice and airway epithelial cells. OTUD4 silence aggravated cell apoptosis and emphysematous change in the lung tissue of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) treated mice. Additionally, restoration of OTUD4 in the lung of mice alleviated CSE induced apoptosis and emphysematous morphology change. The effect of OTUD4 on cell apoptosis was also confirmed in vitro. Through protein profile screening, we identified that OTUD4 may interact with plasminogen activator inhibitor 1(PAI-1). We further confirmed that OTUD4 interacted with PAI-1 for de-ubiquitination and inhibiting CSE induced PAI-1 degradation. Furthermore, the protective role of OTUD4 in airway epithelial cells apoptosis was blocked by PAI-1 deactivation. Taken together, our data suggest that OTUD4 regulates cigarette smoke (CS)-triggered airway epithelial cell apoptosis via modulating PAI-1 degradation. Targeting OUTD4/PAI-1 signaling might potentially provide a therapeutic target against the lung cell apoptosis in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced emphysema.
Inhibition of cGAS–STING pathway alleviates neuroinflammation-induced retinal ganglion cell death after ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Wu Xingdi , Yu Naiji , Ye Zifan , Gu Yuxiang , Zhang Chengshou , Chen Min , Wang Kaijun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcute glaucoma is a vision-threatening disease characterized by a sudden elevation in intraocular pressure (IOP), followed by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. Cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)—a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that triggers inflammation and immune responses—has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IOP-induced RGC death, but the underlying mechanism is not entirely clear. In this study, we investigated the effect of the inflammatory cascade on dsDNA recognition and examined the neuroprotective effect of the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) antagonist A151 on a retinal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR) mouse model. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of microglia-induced neuroinflammation-mediated RGC death associated with glaucomatous vision loss. We found that RIR injury facilitated the release of dsDNA, which initiated inflammatory responses by activating cGAS–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. Correspondingly, elevated expressions of cGAS and STING were found in retinal samples from human glaucoma donors. Furthermore, we found that deletion or inhibition of cGAS or STING in microglia transfected with poly(dA:dT) specifically decreased microglia activation and inflammation response. We also observed that A151 treatment promoted poly(dA:dT)--stimulated changes in polarization from the M1 to the M2 phenotype in microglia. Subsequently, A151 administered to mice effectively inhibited the cGAS–STING pathway, absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome and pyroptosis-related molecules. Furthermore, A151 administration significantly reduced neuroinflammation, ameliorated RGC death and RGC-related reductions in visual function. These findings provide a unique perspective on glaucomatous neuropathogenesis and suggest cGAS as an underlying target of retinal inflammation to provide a potential therapeutic for acute glaucoma.