bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance training with progressive load associated with nutritional advice reduces the frequency of sarcopenia in older people
Authors: Pereira Milton Amaral , Silva Ana Carolina , Mapa Vinícius Camael , Peixoto Lilian Maria , Ferreira Joao Batista , Rosse Izinara Cruz , Oliveira Emerson Cruz , Becker Lenice Kappes , Coelho Daniel Barbosa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal, progressive, and generalized disorder characterized by decreased muscle strength and mass that is directly related to age, a sedentary lifestyle, and poor nutrition. Associated with aging and other factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, sarcopenia can decrease quality of life, central nervous system damage, reduced anabolic pathways, and increased low-grade chronic inflammation.
Aims
To evaluate the effect of 12-week progressive intensity Resistance Training (RT) associated with nutritional advice on the frequency of sarcopenia in older adults.
Methods
The participants received nutritional advice in group meetings immediately before the stard of the study and during the 12 weeks. The sarcopenia status of the participants was assessed at baseline and after a 12-week intervention.
Results
The RT associated with nutritional advice completely reduced the frequency of sarcopenia in the intervention group (p = 0.000). On the other hand, the control group increased the incidence of sarcopenia. After 12 weeks, progressive intensity RT associated with nutritional advice proved to be an effective treatment to reverse sarcopenia and keep the participants non-sarcopenic individuals.
Conclusion
The results of this study provide information about an efficient and non-pharmacological sarcopenia treatment.
Colonoscopy-assisted removal of foreign body impaction at the rectosigmoid junction: a case and review of the literature
Authors: Pengfei Zhou , Jiadong Zhang , Jigen Lu , Jiawen Wang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Rectal foreign body embedded in the clinic is not common, patients due to a variety of reasons caused by different objects and appliances embedded in the rectum cannot be removed, although the clinical foreign body caused by perforation is relatively rare, but once such a symptom occurs, it will also pose a threat to the patient's life. This case show that we should accurately assess the patient's condition once a foreign body is embedded in the rectum, and select a timely and effective treatment plan to remove the foreign body.
Method
We analyzed the literature on the clinical signs and possible conditions in such cases and discussed the timeliness and rationality of the surgical and therapeutic options for this patient.
Results
The patient was a 54-year-old male who was hospitalized in our outpatient clinic on June 03, 2022 for a rectal foreign body that had been embedded for more than 1 day. The patient told us that he had used a glass electrode tube to assist in removing the foreign body one day earlier due to "prolapse of the anus", but the electrode tube was inadvertently inserted into the anus and could not be removed on his own. After completing the pre-surgical examination, the foreign body was dragged into the rectum with the assistance of colonoscopy, and the anus was dilated with comb-type pulling hook and anal fistula pulling hook to widen the anus and remove the foreign body, and then relieved the local symptoms of the anus with the Chinese medicine Gu's Surgical Therapy.
Discussion
Rectal foreign body implantation, although rare in clinical practice, should be treated in a multidisciplinary manner, considering the type of foreign body, its material, and the possible risks involved.
Effect of lactic acid bacteria and wheat bran on the fermentation quality and bacterial community of paper mulberry silage
Authors: Wang Ningwei , Wang Yan , Lin Yanli , Xu Gang , Ni Kuikui , Yang Fuyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds:
Paper mulberry has been considered as a high-quality protein feedstuff to cope with the shortage of feed and the development of livestock. In addition, the features of high moisture and low water-soluble carbohydrate concentration in fresh paper mulberry make it difficult to ensile. Therefore, it is important to find an optimal way to improve the paper mulberry silage quality. In this study, we aimed to investigate the application of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and wheat bran (WB) on the fermentation characteristics, chemical composition and microbial community of paper mulberry silage.
Results
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and wheat bran alone or combination (LP + WB) addition on the fermentation quality and bacterial community of paper mulberry silage. After 60 days of ensiling, the employed three treatments had higher crude protein contents compared with control (P < 0.05). More importantly, WB and LP + WB treatments significantly reduced the pH value and NH3-N concentration, and increased lactic acid content (P < 0.05). Microbial analysis indicated that the bacterial community in WB and LP + WB treatments showed distinct difference with LP and control. Lactobacillus was the dominant genera in all treatments. However, at the species level, Lactobacillus farciminis became the most dominant bacteria in control and LP treatments while the dominant bacteria in WB and LP + WB were Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus farciminis. In addition, Lactobacillus brevis was positively relative to crude protein and lactic acid and negatively to pH and NH3-N. Overall, this study revealed that ensiling paper mulberry with WB or combination LP could improve silage quality through altering microbial community, which provided a practical approach for enhancing paper mulberry silage quality.
Conclusion
Wheat bran and combinations of Lactobacillus plantarum and wheat bran additions could reduce pH, NH3-N and increase LA content. The application of WB and LP + WB shifted the dominant bacteria species to Lactobacillus brevis. In summary, the addition of wheat bran and combinations of lactic acid bacteria and wheat bran were effective ways to enhance paper mulberry silage fermentation.
Identification of potential pseudogenes for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ge Luqi , Jin Tiefeng , Zhang Wanli , Zhang Zhentao , Zhang Yiwen , Hu Xiaoping , Zhang Wen , Song Feifeng , Huang Ping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a highly deadly malignant tumor with high recurrence and metastasis rates. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in tumor metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to drugs, which have attracted widespread attention in recent years. Research has shown that pseudogenes may regulate stemness to promote the progression of HCC, but its specific mechanisms and impact on prognosis remain unclear.
Methods
In this study, clinical prognosis information of HCC was first downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then we calculated the mRNA expression based stemness index (mRNAsi) of HCC. We also screened the differentially expressed Pseudogene (DEPs) and conducted univariate Cox regression analysis to investigate their effect on the prognosis of HCC. Further, genomic mutation frequency analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to compare the role of pseudogenes and stemness in promoting the progression of HCC. Finally, we conducted the correlation analysis to examine the potential mechanism of pseudogenes regulating stemness to promote the progression of HCC and detected the possible pathways through the Gene Ontology biological process (GO-BP) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis.
Results
Herein, we revealed that the high stemness of HCC correlated with an unfavorable prognosis. We obtained 31 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated DEPs in HCC and screened CTB-63M22.1, a poor prognostic indicator of HCC. In addition, CTB-63M22.1 had a mutation frequency similar to mRNAsi and acted in a module similar to that of mRNAsi on HCC. We then screened two RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) LIN28B and NOP56 with the highest correlation with stemness. We also discovered that they were primarily enriched in the biological process as examples of mitotic nuclear division and cell cycle.
Conclusions
Collectively, these results revealed that pseudogenes CTB-63M22.1 may regulate cancer stemness by regulating RBPs, suggesting that CTB-63M22.1 may serve as an innovative therapeutic target and a reliable prognostic marker for HCC.
Optimizing the encapsulation behavior of egg yolk on DHA by vacuum low-temperature spray drying to improve the hydration properties of the powder
Authors: Sun Haoyang , Mourad Fayez Khalaf , Chen Nan , Zhang Xinyue , Li Qiqi , Li Xiaomeng , Ding Lixian , Dong Wanyi , Huang Xi , Shu Dewei , Cai Zhaoxia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

A fundamental issue in the design of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched egg yolk powder (EYP) is the enhancement of hydration properties, which is an essential criterion for the evaluation of powders with promising functional properties. In this study, the effects of vacuum low-temperature spray drying (VLTSD), high-temperature spray drying (HTSD), and freeze-drying (FD) on the hydration properties of DHA-enriched EYP were investigated. The encapsulation efficiency of DHA-enriched EYP prepared by VLTSD, HTSD and FD were 97.15%, 96.51% and 81.31%, respectively. According to the quality analysis, VLTSD had the best protection for DHA-enriched EYP in terms of chromaticity, bulk density, storage stability and sensory evaluation. The most striking finding of this study was the DHA-enriched EYP prepared by VLTSD exhibited desirable solubility, dispersibility and stability during rehydration, which was well predicted by low-field NMR. Furthermore, at the microscopic level, SEM images and FTIR spectra revealed that VLTSD enhanced the hydration properties by protecting the structural integrity and increasing the hydrogen bonding of the DHA-enriched EYP. This article provided new insights into the improvement of the properties of DHA-enriched EYP, especially the hydration properties.
Circulating concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in preeclampsia with varying disease severity
Authors: PALM Klara , CLUVER Catherine , LANGENEGGER Eduard , TONG Stephen , WALKER Susan , IMBERG Henrik , HASTIE Roxanne , BERGMAN Lina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia affects about 5% of pregnancies and is diagnosed by new onset of hypertension with end-organ dysfunction. It is hypothesized that systemic inflammation causes maternal vascular endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury.
Objective
To assess whether plasma concentrations of the circulating inflammatory proteins Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are increased in women with preeclampsia with end-organ complications (severe disease with high morbidity), compared with women with preeclampsia without end-organ complications (hypertension and excessive proteinuria only).
Study Design
We used samples from a large prospective biobank collection (Preeclampsia Obstetric Adverse Event biobank), and two large, randomized preeclampsia therapeutic treatment trials. All samples were collected in Cape Town, South Africa. The last plasma sample collected prior to birth was analyzed for IL-6, VCAM-1 and CRP concentrations. We categorized cases according to disease severity and compared circulating levels of these analytes. Covariate adjustment was performed for maternal age, body mass index, gestational age and time from sampling to delivery as covariates.
Results
Of 183 women we included, 119 had preeclampsia without end-organ complications. The remaining 64 had preeclampsia with severe features: 49 had one end-organ complication and 15 had multiple end-organ complications.
Compared with women without end-organ complications, those with preeclampsia with multiple end-organ complications had a 4.9-fold (95% CI, 1.81–13.09, p=0.001) increase in IL-6 and a 1.7-fold (95% CI, 1.11–2.72, p=0.012) increase in VCAM-1 plasma concentrations. Comparing women with multiple end-organ complications to those with one end-organ complication, plasma concentrations of IL-6 were 3.2-fold (95% CI, 1.18–8.39, p=0.018) increased, while there was no statistically significant difference for VCAM-1 (1.2-fold higher, 95% CI, 0.79-1.91, p=0.50). Plasma concentrations of CRP did not differ between the groups.
Conclusion
Plasma concentrations of IL-6 and VCAM-1, but not CRP, were increased among women with preeclampsia and end-organ complications, compared with women without end-organ complications. IL-6 and VCAM-1 could be drivers of disease in preeclampsia and potentially useful to identify women at high risk of severe disease.
Schur type comparison theorems for affine curves
Authors: Howard Ralph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Let $c, \overline c\colon [a,b]\to \mathbb R^2$ are two convex planar curve parameterized by affine arc length and $A$ is the area bounded by the image of $c$ and its endpoints and $\overline A$ the corresponding area for $\overline c$. If the affine curvatures are related by $\varkappa(s) \le \overline\varkappa(s)$, then $A \ge \overline A$. If either $\varkappa$ or $\overline \varkappa$ is $C^1$ then equality holds if and only if $\overline c$ is the image of $c$ under a special affine motion. Also for any point of a convex curve we define \emph{adapted affine coordinates} centered at the point and give sharp estimates on the coordinates of the curve in terms of bounds on the curvature. Proving these bounds involves generalizing classical comparison theorems of Strum-Liouville type to higher order and nonhomogenous equations. These estimates allow us to give sharp upper bounds on the areas of triangles with whose vertices are on a curve in terms of the curvature and a affine length between the points.
The effects of IRL-1620 in post-ischemic brain injury: A systematic review of experimental studies
Authors: Moustakas Dimitris C. , Mani Iliana , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Xanthos Theodore 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction Endothelin (ET) is a vasoconstrictive substance, which consists of 21 amino acid residues with two disulfide bonds. Studies showed that endothelin is involved in the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system, and acts as a regulator in the differentiation, proliferation, and migration of neurons during pre- and post-natal development. IRL-1620 (Sovateltide) an endothelin-B receptor agonist, has previously been shown to increase cerebral blood flow, to have anti-apoptotic activity and to produce neurovascular remodeling when administered intravenously following acute cerebral ischemic stroke in rats. The aim of this study is to systematically investigate whether stimulation of ETB receptors by its agonist IRL-1620 (INN, sovateltide), may be used as a first-in-class neuronal progenitor cell therapeutic for the treatment of ischemia–induced brain injury. Methodology A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Eligible studies published in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Scopus databases, up to the study data collection time point (December 2022) were selected to be included in the review. The database https://ClinicalTrials.gov, and Pharmazz Inc. were searched for unpublished or ongoing trials. Only studies in English language were selected. No restriction on the year of publication were set, while restrictions on the publication type were posed, i.e. Only experimental animal studies were requested. Results Seven studies were included in the review, all in animal rat models. Mortality was assessed in 3 studies, and in all, in the IRL-1620 treated group it was significantly lower at 24h post-intervention in comparison to that of the vehicle groups. Difference was even higher on day 7 (11.1%vs56.3%) or day 10 (0%vs16-25%). IRL-1620 was associated with lower neurological deficit at 24h and on day 7 (p < 0.001). However, when IRL-1620 was administered, spontaneous activity was significantly (p < 0.01) increased. Differentiation potential of neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs), mitochondrial fate, vascular endothelian growth factor (VEGF) and infract volume improved with IRL-1620 administration. Conclusion In general, administration of the ETB agonist, enhanced neurogenesis and neuroprotection, lowered mortality rate and improved all motor performance tests. Future studies should investigate the effects of IRL-1620 in other common causes of cerebral ischemia including cardiac arrest.
Artificial intelligence-based approach to study the impact of climate change and human interventions on groundwater fluctuations
Authors: Singla Chetan , Aggarwal Rajan , Kaur Samanpreet , Sharma Rohit 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Water resource management is highly impacted by variations in rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature, and potential evapotranspiration. The rice area is also a key aspect for groundwater declination due to high-water consuming crop. Groundwater in Central Punjab has declined at an alarming rate over the last two decades. The decisions regarding water resource management need accurate information for the groundwater level. Therefore, to explore the main reason for the depletion of groundwater, it is essential that the most influential factors responsible for groundwater depletion should be addressed. A study was conducted in Central Punjab by using artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) models during 1998–2018 to forecast the groundwater depth. ANN performed better than MLR. The sensitivity analysis showed that tubewell density, rice area, and rainfall are highly responsible for groundwater fluctuation.
Identification of Novel Stemness-based Subtypes and Construction of a
Prognostic Risk Model for Patients with Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Shen Fangfang , Li Feng , Ma Yong , Song Xia , Guo Wei 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Although cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to tumorigenesis, progression, and
drug resistance, stemness-based classification and prognostic signatures of lung squamous cell carcinoma
(LUSC) remain unclarified. This study attempted to identify stemness-based subtypes and develop a
prognostic risk model for LUSC.

Methods:
Based on RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene-Expression Omnibus
(GEO) and Progenitor Cell Biology Consortium (PCBC), mRNA expression-based stemness index
(mRNAsi) was calculated by one-class logistic regression (OCLR) algorithm. A weighted gene coexpression
network (WGCNA) was employed to identify stemness subtypes. Differences in mutation, clinical
characteristics, immune cell infiltration, and antitumor therapy responses were determined. We constructed
a prognostic risk model, followed by validations in GEO cohort, pan-cancer and immunotherapy datasets.

Results:
LUSC patients with subtype C2 had a better prognosis, manifested by higher mRNAsi, higher
tumor protein 53 (TP53) and Titin (TTN) mutation frequencies, lower immune scores and decreased immune
checkpoints. Patients with subtype C2 were more sensitive to Imatinib, Pyrimethamine, and
Paclitaxel therapy, whereas those with subtype C1 were more sensitive to Sunitinib, Saracatinib, and Dasatinib.
Moreover, we constructed stemness-based signatures using seven genes (BMI1, CCDC51, CTNS,
EIF1AX, FAM43A, THBD, and TRIM68) and found high-risk patients had a poorer prognosis in the
TCGA cohort. Similar results were found in the GEO cohort. We verified the good performance of risk
scores in prognosis prediction and therapy responses.

Conclusion:
The stemness-based subtypes shed novel insights into the potential roles of LUSC-stemness
in tumor heterogeneity, and our prognostic signatures offer a promising tool for prognosis prediction and
guide therapeutic decisions in LUSC.
A Review on Bioremediation Using Nanobiotechnology and Microbial
Heavy Metal Resistance Mechanisms
Authors: Garg Vanya , Arora Ashish , Prakash Anupam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Various human actions have raised the level of heavy metal (HM) pollution in the environment.
From contaminated water and soil, the HMs infiltrate into the agricultural crops that are
consumed by animals as well humans. Deposition of heavy metals leads to DNA damage and
several digestive, reproductive, and respiratory system-related health problems. Various microorganisms
have evolved mechanisms of HM resistance, tolerance, detoxification, and metabolization.
Physicochemical methods of HM treatment are expensive and non-ecofriendly. Therefore,
remediation of contaminated soil and water using microorganisms or bioremediation has become
a topic of interest for scientists. Bioremediation is a cheaper, eco-friendly and more efficient
method. The present review attempts to describe various mechanisms (biosorption, bioaccumulation,
biotransformation and active export) by which microbes resist and remediate heavy metal
pollution. In addition, the role of different types of consortia/co-culture in bioremediation has
been discussed. Microbes, such as fungi, bacteria, and protozoa can remove metals both singly
and in amalgamation. Furthermore, an advanced nanotechnology approach for metal ion treatment
from wastewater has been briefly discussed. To fully utilize the microbial potential for heavy
metal removal and create better strategies to alleviate environmental pollution, a deeper
knowledge of the molecular, biochemical, and genetic mechanisms used by these species is required.
PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF MALNUTRITION AMONG UNDER FIVE YEARS OF CHILDREN IN THE FIELD PRACTICE AREA OF RURAL HEALTH TRAINING CENTRE, NAILA JAIPUR
Authors: SHARMA SUDHAKAR , KEWALRAMANI SURESH , AGARWAL NAMRATA , SHARMA ANUJ 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Malnutrition among children under the age of five is a global health concern, particularly in developing countries. In India, prevalent nutritional problems include stunting, wasting, anemia, poverty, and low birth weight. These forms of malnutrition have severe consequences for children's health and overall well-being, making malnutrition a leading risk factor for children under five worldwide. Efforts to address malnutrition in developing countries, including India, have been a focus of United Nations' Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) aimed at improving child health outcomes. However, despite these efforts, malnutrition remains a significant concern, particularly among women and children in India.
Methods: The study was conducted in the rural community of Jamuwaramgarh block in Rajasthan, Jaipur District, India. The sample size was calculated based on a prevalence rate of malnutrition among under-five children. Ethical approval was obtained, and only mothers with children aged 6-59 mo were included in the study. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select the study participants, including sub-block, primary health centers, villages, and households. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, immunization, breastfeeding, and weaning practices were collected through interviews. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and the data were entered into Microsoft Excel for analysis.
Results: The study included 700 children under the age of five. The prevalence of malnutrition among children in the study area was determined. The data collected on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, and other variables were analyzed to identify the determinants of malnutrition among rural Indian children.
Conclusion: Malnutrition among children under the age of five remains a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries like India. Stunting and wasting are prevalent forms of malnutrition, with serious consequences for children's growth and development. Despite efforts to address the issue, progress has been slow, and the prevalence of malnutrition in India is still alarmingly high.