bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of receiving a customizable brochure on breast cancer patients' knowledge about their diagnosis and treatment: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Villarreal‐Garza Cynthia , Ferrigno Ana S. , De la Garza‐Ramos Cynthia , Vazquez‐Juarez Daniela , Moreno‐Jaime Brizio , Remolina‐Bonilla Yuly , Segura‐Gonzalez Manuel , Mariscal‐Ramirez Ignacio , Perazzo Florencia , Garnica‐Jaliffe Georgina , Neciosup‐Delgado Silvia , Conde‐Flores Emilio , Mysler Shirly , Hernandez‐Ayala Arlette , Barajas‐Sanchez Alondra , Rios Mercado Maria del Socorro , Noh‐Vazquez Nelia Maria , Garcia‐Rodriguez Ricardo , Platas Ana , Tamez‐Salazar Jaime , Mireles‐Aguilar Teresa , Platas Alejandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients' lack of knowledge about their own disease may function as a barrier to shared decision‐making and well‐being. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of written educational materials on breast cancer patients.MethodsThis multicenter, parallel, unblinded, randomized trial included Latin American women aged ≥18 years with a recent breast cancer diagnosis yet to start systemic therapy. Participants underwent randomization in a 1:1 ratio to receive a customizable or standard educational brochure. The primary objective was accurate identification of molecular subtype. Secondary objectives included identification of clinical stage, treatment options, participation in decision‐making, perceived quality of information received, and illness uncertainty. Follow‐up occurred at 7–21 and 30–51 days post‐randomization. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05798312.ResultsOne hundred sixty‐five breast cancer patients with a median age of 53 years and 61 days from diagnosis were included (customizable: 82; standard: 83). At first available assessment, 52%, 48%, and 30% identified their molecular subtype, disease stage, and guideline‐endorsed systemic treatment strategy, respectively. Accurate molecular subtype and stage identification were similar between groups. Per multivariate analysis, customizable brochure recipients were more likely to identify their guideline‐recommended treatment modalities (OR: 4.20,p = 0.001). There were no differences between groups in the perceived quality of information received or illness uncertainty. Customizable brochure recipients reported increased participation in decision‐making (p = 0.042).ConclusionsOver one third of recently diagnosed breast cancer patients are incognizant of their disease characteristics and treatment options. This study demonstrates a need to improve patient education and shows that customizable educational materials increase patients' understanding of recommended systemic therapies according to individual breast cancer characteristics.
Recent insights into the SWI/SNF complex and the molecular mechanism of hSNF5 deficiency in rhabdoid tumors
Authors: Kuwahara Yasumichi , Iehara Tomoko , Matsumoto Akifumi , Okuda Tsukasa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGenetic information encoded by DNA is packaged in the nucleus using the chromatin structure. The accessibility of transcriptional elements in DNA is controlled by the dynamic structural changes of chromatin for the appropriate regulation of gene transcription. Chromatin structure is regulated by two general mechanisms, one is histone modification and the other is chromatin remodeling in an ATP‐dependent manner. Switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complexes utilize the energy from ATP hydrolysis to mobilize nucleosomes and remodel the chromatin structure, contributing to conformational changes in chromatin. Recently, the inactivation of encoding genes for subunits of the SWI/SNF complexes has been documented in a series of human cancers, accounting for up to almost 20% of all human cancers. For example, human SNF5 (hSNF5), the gene that encodes a subunit of the SWI/SNF complexes, is the sole mutation target that drives malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT). Despite remarkably simple genomes, the MRT has highly malignant characteristics. As a key to understanding MRT tumorigenesis, it is necessary to fully examine the mechanism of chromatin remodeling by the SWI/SNF complexes. Herein, we review the current understanding of chromatin remodeling by focusing on SWI/SNF complexes. In addition, we describe the molecular mechanisms and influences of hSNF5 deficiency in rhabdoid tumors and the prospects for developing new therapeutic targets to overcome the epigenetic drive of cancer that is caused by abnormal chromatin remodeling.
An extremely rare case of feeding jejunostomy proceeding to intussusception
Authors: Nulukurthi Taraka Krishna , Kutikuppala L. V. Simhachalam , Kuchana Sai Kiran , Găman Mihnea‐Alexandru , Koirala Samrat Babu , Boppana Sri Harsha 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageFeeding jejunostomy (FJ) is one of the frequently performed surgical procedures for enteral nutrition, but intussusception a very rare complication with quite challenging clinical outcome. It symbolizes a surgical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis.AbstractFeeding jejunostomy (FJ) is a minor surgical intervention, which might lead to consequences that are potentially fatal. Mechanical issues such as infection, tube dislocation or migration, electrolyte and fluid imbalances, as well as complaints of gastrointestinal tract, are the most frequent consequences. A 76‐year‐old female, who is a known case of carcinoma (CA) esophagus: Stage 4 with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Class 3 presented with complaints of difficulty in swallowing and vomiting. As a part of palliative treatment, FJ is done and patient was discharged on postoperative day (POD) 2. Patient again presented to emergency department after 2 months with complaints of pain abdomen, unable to pass flatus and stools for 2 days. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography was done, which revealed intussusception of jejunum with lead point as tip of feeding tube. Intussusception of jejunal loops is noted 20 centimeters distal to the site of insertion of FJ tube with tip of feeding tube as lead point. Reduction of bowel loops was achieved by gentle compression of distal part and are found to be viable. FJ tube was then removed and repositioned after which the obstruction got relieved. Intussusception is an extremely rare complication of FJ, where the clinical presentation can be likely to the various causes of small bowel obstruction. The fatal complications like intussusception in FJ can be prevented by remembering some technical considerations, such as attaching a 4–5 cm segment of the jejunum to the abdominal wall rather than a single‐point fixation and maintaining a minimum distance of 15 cm between the duodenojejunal (DJ) flexure and the FJ site.
Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) to 2,5‐Dimethylfuran (2,5‐DMF): Mechanistic Insights and Optimization Strategies
Authors: Castillo Cristian , Brijaldo Maria H. , Silva Ludmila P. C. , Passos Fabio B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis review article describes the most recent studies carried out in the catalytic conversion of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) in 2,5‐dimethylfurane (2,5‐DMF). In this way, the most novel catalytic materials are presented and their main results during 2,5‐DMF production through catalytic hydrogen transfer (CHT) by hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis reactions and through hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction as commonly routes employed. Additionally, the optimized reaction conditions applying for each catalyst are discussed. Some future perspectives on the use of CHT and HDO processes in the 2,5‐DMF production from 5‐HMF as platform molecule in order to suggest new applications of pathways in the heterogeneous catalysis field are presented.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Tropane Scaffolds by an Organocatalyzed 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of 3‐Oxidopyridinium Betaines and Dienamines
Authors: Lamhauge Johannes N. , McLeod David A. , Barløse Casper L. , Oliver Gwyndaf A. , Viborg Laura , Warburg Tobias , Anker Jørgensen Karl 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTropane alkaloids constitute a compound‐class which is structurally defined by a central 8‐azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane core. A diverse bioactivity profile combined with an unusual aza‐bridged bicyclic framework has made tropanes molecules‐of‐interest within organic chemistry. Enantioselective examples of (5+2) cycloadditions between 3‐oxidopyridinium betaines and olefins remain unexplored, despite 3‐oxidopyridinium betaines being useful reagents in organic synthesis. The first asymmetric (5+2) cycloaddition of 3‐oxidopyridinium betaines is reported, affording tropane derivatives in up to quantitative yield and with excellent control of peri‐, regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivity. The reactivity is enabled by dienamine‐activation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes combined with in situ formation of the pyridinium reaction‐partner. A simple N‐deprotection protocol allows for liberation of the tropane alkaloid motif, and synthetic elaborations of the cycloadducts demonstrate their synthetic utility to achieve highly diastereoselective modification around the bicyclic framework. DFT computations suggest a stepwise mechanism where regio‐ and stereoselectivity are defined during the first bond‐forming step in which the pyridinium dipole exerts critical conformational control over its dienamine partner. In the second bond‐forming step, a kinetic preference toward an initial (5+4) cycloadduct was identified; however, a lack of catalyst turn‐over, reversibility, and thermodynamic bias favoring a (5+2) cycloadduct rendered the reaction fully periselective.
Effect of chain transfer agents in polycarboxylate superplasticizer on slump‐retention of concrete
Authors: Pang Jianjun , Guo Jintang , Li Wenke , Chang Qinglu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwo types of slump‐retention polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PC‐M and PC‐S) were synthesized by using 3‐mercaptopropionic acid or sodium hypophosphite as chain transfer agents, the effects of polycarboxylate superplasticizers on slump‐retention of cement and concrete were investigated, and the mechanism of action and the structure of polycarboxylate superplasticizers were investigated by using conductivity, complexing Ca2+ concentration, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H‐NMR), and nuclear magnetic resonance phosphorus spectroscopy (31P‐NMR). The results indicated that the slump flow of cement paste mixed with PC‐M was increased quickly within 60 min and then lost gradually, while PC‐S increased slowly and evenly within 240 min. The slump flow of concrete mixed with PC‐S reached 405 mm after 150 min, but the concrete mixed with PC‐M was almost no fluidity after 150 min. The conductivity of the PC‐M aqueous solution decreased quickly within 45 min, then slowly decreased, while the conductivity of the PC‐S aqueous solution decreased slowly within 180 min. PC‐M had a much greater complexation ability of Ca2+ than PC‐S. The composition and structure of the two slump‐retention polycarboxylate superplasticizers were altered by different chain transfer agents, and the hydrolysis‐adsorption capacity of each component was different. The rate of hydrolyzation‐adsorption of each component was PC‐M3 ≈ PC‐S3>PC‐M1>PC‐M2 ≈ PC‐S1>PC‐S2. The faster the adsorption rate, the faster the slump flow loss of concrete.
Copper Doping of CoSe2 Nanoparticles Encapsulated into Carbon Nanotubes with Enhanced Electron Conductance as Cathode for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Liu Jing , Dong Huilong , Bi Runjie , Miao Xiaowei , Yang Jun , Geng Hongbo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) have been considered a promising alternative to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to the high energy density and abundance of magnesium resources. However, the development of high‐performance cathode materials for magnesium batteries has been a significant challenge. Herein, through comprehensive and simple hydrothermal, selenization and impregnation methods, Cu‐doped CoSe2 nanoparticles encapsulated into carbon nanotubes (Cu‐CoSe2@NC) was fabricated. CoSe2 nanoparticles confined in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) growing in three dimensions on the surface of nanofibers have abundant active sites and high doping degree. Cu doping further improves the electron conductance of the Cu‐CoSe2@NC for RMBs. As cathode, Cu‐CoSe2@NC delivers a reversible capacity of 294 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1 and 104 mAg g−1 at 500 mA g−1, which exhibits a reasonable specific capacity and rate capability. The characterization of the Cu‐CoSe2@NC by ex‐situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after cycles shows that it can be well adapted to the (de)intercalation of magnesium ions. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation shows that CoSe2 band gap decreases obviously after Cu doping, favoring the electron and ion transport. This work provides a reference for the design of cathode materials based on transition metal selenide for RMBs.
Undifferentiated component of dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma presenting as a “small round cell” malignancy in a mediastinal lymph node, mimicking small cell carcinoma
Authors: Balikani Lame , Policarpio‐Nicolas Maria Luisa C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUndifferentiated/dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma is an uncommon malignant neoplasm of the endometrium that can present as a diagnostic challenge, especially in a metastatic setting. We present a case of a 70‐year‐old woman with a prior endometrial biopsy diagnosed as endometrioid carcinoma, FIGO Grade 2. Chest computerized tomography showed moderate to severe centrilobular emphysema with a 3 mm nodule in the right upper lobe and posterior mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration smears of the mediastinal lymph node showed predominantly single and loosely cohesive tumor cells with scant basophilic cytoplasm, prominent nuclear streaking, and molding. Inconspicuous nucleoli and mitotic figures were present. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains showed the tumor cells were positive for CD56 and synaptophysin but negative for AE1/AE3, CAM5.2, CK7, CK20, TTF‐1, INSM1, chromogranin, CD99, HMB45, SOX10, EBV‐LMP1, and desmin. Flow cytometry was negative for lymphoma. Based on the overall cytologic findings and significant smoking history, a small cell carcinoma could not be excluded. Similar morphologic findings were identified on the corresponding lymph node biopsy. Because of the history of endometrial carcinoma, additional IHC stains (PAX 8, ER, and EMA) were done but were negative. However, the mismatch repair proteins revealed loss of MLH1 and PMS2 with retained MSH2 and MSH6 nuclear expression. Hence, a metastatic undifferentiated component of a dedifferentiated carcinoma from the patients' endometrial primary was favored and subsequently confirmed on the hysterectomy specimen.
Diagnostic difficulties in non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infection in lung transplant recipients
Authors: Mahjabin FNU , Gonsalves Catherine , Pilo Rebecca A. , Beal Stacy G. , Leon Marino E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite antimicrobial prophylaxis, 34% to 59% of lung transplant recipients experience severe life–threatening opportunistic infections, sometimes caused by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) and Nocardia. Although differentiating these infections is of utmost importance for effective treatment, it can be challenging as they share morphological and growth characteristics. Therefore, culture remains the gold standard for laboratory confirmation. With the aid of novel molecular methods performed on the cultured organisms, diagnosis may be accomplished rapidly and precisely. We present a case of a lung transplant recipient with a pulmonary infection where long, thin, beaded, branching filamentous organisms were seen with Acid‐Fast Bacilli (AFB) and Modified Gomori's Methenamine Silver (GMS) stains in bronchoalveolar lavage sample. Cytological characteristics led to the suspicion of a Nocardia species infection. However, culture and the PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) identified M. fortuitum. Additionally, antibiotic resistance was detected, which aided in choosing the appropriate treatment. Therefore, to overcome such diagnostic difficulties to differentiate NTM and Nocardia, a multidisciplinary approach including culture, molecular methods, and cytology is needed to enhance clinical outcomes.
Intussusception associated with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in a male adolescent: A case report
Authors: Horiuchi Yugo , Miyaguchi Kazuya , Matsumoto Hisashi , Ohgo Hideki , Tsuzuki Yoshikazu , Nakamoto Hidetomo , Imaeda Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is an uncommon disease that rarely causes intussusception. We report the case of a 16‐year‐old male patient with intermittent abdominal pain who was diagnosed with intussusception. The patient had no history of raw food ingestion, fever, diarrhea, or hematochezia. Computed tomography revealed intussusception characterized by a crab‐finger appearance, and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis was diagnosed by colonoscopy. Treatment with hyperbaric enema and low‐flow oxygen therapy resulted in a prominent improvement of the lesion. No recurrence was observed for > 1 year. Intermittent abdominal pain without diarrhea or hematochezia in male adolescents may represent pneumatosis cystoid‐related intussusception, and the addition of low‐flow oxygen therapy may help avoid surgery.
Polychloromethylation‐Initiated Radical 1,2‐Aryl Migration of α,α‐Diarylallyl Alcohols via Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Wu Xian , Xiang Chengli , Yu Jin‐Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA visible‐light induced radical 1,2‐aryl migration of α,α‐diarylallyl alcohols was developed under mild and metal‐free conditions. Commercially available CHCl3 and CH2Cl2 were used as tri‐ and dichloromethyl radical precursors. Structurally diverse β‐polochloromethylated ketones were obtained in good to moderate yields via neophyl‐type rearrangement. Besides, the polychloromethyl group can be easily transformed into other useful functional groups.
Synergistic mediating effect of edible fungal polysaccharides (Auricularia and Tremellan) and Crataegus flavonoids in hyperlipidemic rats
Authors: Shi Ke , Zhou Tao , Yuan Yu‐fei , Li Dan‐dan , Gong Bin‐bin , Gao Shan , Chen Qi‐jia , Li Yan‐dong , Han Xue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBoth edible fungal polysaccharides (Auricularia and Tremellan) and Crataegus flavonoids promote the balance of dyslipidemia, which have a positive biological regulating effect on intestinal flora. In this study, the extraction of water‐soluble polysaccharides from Auricularia and Tremellan was investigated and optimized firstly. Polysaccharides and flavonoids were then combined to study the effects on the mediating role of abnormal blood lipid concentration and intestinal flora in vivo. The rats were divided into 10 groups, the NC (normal control), HM (model), PCI (Simvastatin control), PCII (Fenofibrate control), AAP (Auricularia auricular Polysaccharide), TFP (Tremella fuciformis Polysaccharide), HF (Crataegus Flavonoid), LDC (Low‐dose combination), MDC (Medium dose combination), and HDC (High‐dose combination), used to explore the impact of polysaccharides and flavonoids complex on state of blood lipid, liver, and intestinal flora of dyslipidemia rats. The results showed that the combination of polysaccharides and flavonoids could significantly decrease the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL‐C), and increase the level of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C). It also significantly decreased the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and improved liver morphology. What is more, the HDC favorably alters the intestinal microflora balance, promotes intestinal integrity and mobility, and inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli/Shigella and Clostridium compared with HM group. In brief, the combination of polysaccharides and flavonoids had a synergistic effect on the remission of dyslipidemia, and promoted health by improving lipid metabolism, protecting liver tissue, and regulating the intestinal flora in hyperlipidemia rats.
Nutritional status and dietary diversity of pregnant and nonpregnant reproductive‐age Rohingya women
Authors: Fahim Shah Mohammad , Das Subhasish , Rasul Md. Golam , Zaman Mahabub Uz , Alam Md. Ashraful , Afrin Sazia , Saqeeb Kazi Nazmus , Hasan Md. Mahmudul , Alam A. F. M. Mahbubul , Chowdhury Morseda , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere are no data on the nutritional status and dietary diversity of the pregnant and nonpregnant reproductive‐age Rohingya women who have recently shifted to the Bhasan Char Relocation Camp located on an island in the Bay of Bengal. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in November–December, 2021 to assess the nutritional status and evaluate the dietary diversity of two vulnerable groups of the forcibly displaced Rohingya population: nonpregnant reproductive‐age women and pregnant mothers. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify the factors associated with nutritional impairments. Overall, 7.6% of the nonpregnant reproductive‐age women were underweight (Body Mass Index [BMI] < 18.5 kg/m2), and nearly one‐third of them had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. However, 26.7% of the pregnant mothers were undernourished (BMI < 20.0 kg/m2) and almost one‐fourth of them were either overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). The prevalence of thinness (Mid Upper Arm Circumference [MUAC] < 23 cm) was 34.5% among pregnant mothers, and 10.1% of them were severely thin (MUAC < 21 cm). The mean (±SD) of the Women's Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS) was 3.3 (±1.1) for nonpregnant reproductive‐age women and 3.7 (±1.3) for pregnant mothers enrolled in this study. Overall, 63.8% of the nonpregnant women of childbearing age and 46% of the pregnant mothers had a low WDDS (WDDS < 4). The WDDS was found to be protective against thinness among nonpregnant reproductive‐age women (AOR = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.37, 0.93; p‐value = .03) and low BMI in pregnant mothers (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.55, 0.91; p‐value = .01). The results of this survey will assist in early recognition of the nutritional demands, and act as a guide to planning nutrition‐based programs among Rohingya reproductive‐age women relocated to the Bhasan Char Island.