bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AMMI and GGE biplot analysis of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes for dry season performance of marketable tuber yield
Authors: Fantaw Solomon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Potato is the 4th most important crop in the World and among the key food security crop in Ethiopia. But its productivity in Ethiopia is much lower than the crop potential due to genetic and environmental factors. Hence, multi-environment evaluation of potato genotypes is important to determine the magnitude of genotype, environment, and their interaction effect on marketable yield and to identify which genotypes would be appropriate in which production areas. Taking this objective into consideration, 13 potato genotypes were evaluated for two dry cropping seasons (2018 and 2019) in three locations in northwestern Ethiopia.

Results

The analysis of variance detected differences (P < 0.01) among genotypes (33.8%), environments (40.2%), and genotype-by-environment interaction (24.3%) for marketable tuber yield. Belete, Gera, and Guassa genotypes were the top 3 genotypes on the ideal testing environment (Dt2) axis. The mean and stability graph of the GGE biplots revealed Belete and Guassa as the most stable and high-yielding genotypes followed by Gera and Jalenie. Furthermore, based on ideal genotype ranking, Genotype Belete was in the first concentric circle and ranked first via yield stability index (YSI) with the highest marketable tuber yield performance (33.14 t/ha).

Conclusions

The findings indicated that genotype Belete appears to be an ideal genotype for the environment. Thus, using Belete genotype increases the marketable yield by 165% as compared to the local genotype. Therefore, promoting this genotype helps boost potato production and productivity in the study environment as well as similar agroecological areas.
Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and tauopathies on whole slide histopathology images using a weakly supervised deep learning algorithm
Authors: Kim Minji , Sekiya Hiroaki , Martin Nicholas B. , Castanedes-Casey Monica , Dickson Dennis W. , Hwang Tae Hyun , Koga Shunsuke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neuropathological assessment at autopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing neurodegenerative disorders. We aimed to develop a pipeline for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies, including corticobasal degeneration, globular glial tauopathy, Pick’s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. We used deep learning (DL)-based approach called clustering-constrained-attention multiple instance learning (CLAM) on whole slide images (WSIs) of tau immunohistochemistry in three brain regions from 120 patients. We also augmented gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) to the model for visualizing cellular-level evidence in the model’s decisions. The model using the sections of cingulate and superior frontal gyri achieved the highest area under the curve (0.970±0.037) and diagnostic accuracy (0.873±0.087). Grad-CAM showed the highest attention in known pathognomonic tau lesions for each disease (e.g., Pick bodies for Pick’s disease). Our findings supported the feasibility of the DL-based approach for the classification task on WSIs, which encouraged further investigation, especially focusing on clinicopathological correlation studies.
Mental health and disability research in Ghana: a rapid review
Authors: Mwangi Grace , Sakyi Lionel , Ae-Ngibise Kenneth A. , Lund Crick , Weobong Benedict 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
The objective of this rapid review was to explore the current evidence base for mental health and disability research in Ghana.
Methods
The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Rapid Reviews) checklist was followed. Online databases were used to identify primary studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, rapid reviews, or guidelines published between 2010 and 2020. All relevant published (peer-reviewed articles) and unpublished papers (grey literature) on mental health and/or disability research conducted in or on Ghana between 2010 and 2020 were included in this review.
Results
4,791 articles were identified in the initial search. After the removal of duplicates, followed by title and abstract screening, 930 articles were selected for full text review. An additional 8 articles identified from reference lists of included articles were also included in full text review. After review, 375 articles were selected for inclusion; 234 (62%) were on mental health while the remaining 141 (38%) were on disability. Most of the mental health studies included in this review were either observational quantitative studies (n = 132; 56%) or observational qualitative studies (n = 79; 34%). There were very few interventional studies (n = 6; 3%). A similar finding was noted for the disability studies. External funding accounted for 51% of mental health articles.
Conclusion
Although there was a steady year-on-year increase in the absolute number of mental health and/or disability studies conducted between 2010 to 2020, there is a need for more intervention studies to evaluate what mental health and/or disability interventions work, for whom, and under what circumstances. These should include evaluations of the cost, benefits, effectiveness, and acceptability of various interventions for policy and planning. Further, there is a need for the Ministry of health to prioritize research funding for mental health and disability and enhance technical and methodological capacity of researchers to conduct disability and mental health research in Ghana.
Spatiotemporal Patterns of Early Afterdepolarizations Underlying Abnormal T-wave Morphologies in a Tissue Model of the Purkinje-Ventricular System
Authors: Yuan Mengya , Lian Heqiang , Li Pan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the majority of SCDs are caused by acute ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Early afterdepolarizations (EADs) are an important trigger of VA under pathological conditions, e.g., inherited or acquired long QT syndrome (LQTS). However, it remains unclear how EAD events at the cellular level are spatially organized at the tissue level to induce and maintain ventricular arrhythmias and whether the spatial-temporal patterns of EADs at the tissue level are associated with abnormal T-wave morphologies that are often observed in LQTS, such as broad-based, notched or bifid; late appearance; and pointed T-waves. Here, a tissue model of the Purkinje-ventricular system (PVS) was developed to quantitatively investigate the complex spatial-temporal dynamics of EADs during T-wave abnormalities. We found that (1) while major inhibition of ICaL can substantially reduce the excitability of the PVS leading to conduction failures, moderate ICaL inhibition can promote occurrences of AP alternans at short cycle lengths (CLs), and EAD events preferentially occur with a major reduction of IKr (>50%) at long CLs; (2) with a minor reduction of ICaL, spatially synchronized steady-state EAD events with inverted and biphasic T-waves can be “weakened” into beat-to-beat concurrences of spatially synchronized EADs and T-wave alternans, and as pacing CLs increase, beat-to-beat concurrences of localized EADs with late-appearing and pointed T-wave morphologies can be observed; (3) under certain conditions, localized EAD events in the midmyocardium may trigger slow uni-directional electric propagation with inverted (antegrade) or upright (retrograde) broad-based T-waves; (4) spatially discordant EADs were typically characterized by desynchronized spontaneous onsets of EAD events between two groups of PVS tissues with biphasic T-wave morphologies, and they can evolve into spatially discordant oscillating EAD patterns with sustained or self-terminated alternating EAD and electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns. Our results provide new insights into the spatiotemporal aspects of the onset and development of EADs and suggest possible mechanistic links between the complex spatial dynamics of EADs and T-wave morphologies.
KONTRIBUSI SYAIKH ABDUL WAHAB SEI LUMUT TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Lubis Muallim 
Published: January 2023

Syaikh Abdul Wahab Sei Lumut yang lahir pada 1864 M adalah seorang ulama dan tokoh yang berkontribusi terhadap pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Utara. Kontribusinya adalah berupa pendirian Madrasah Ittihadul Wathaniyah, salah satu madrasah yang pertama kali berdiri di Sumatera Utara, tepatnya di daerah pesisir Kecamatan Panai Hilir, Kabupaten Labuhanbatu, Sumatera Utara. Diketahui bahwa Madrasah yang ia dirikan tersebut dari sisi pembelajaran lebih maju dibanding madrasah lain yang ada di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu, umumnya Sumatera Utara, baik dari segi sarana dan metode pembelajaran. Madrasah Ittihadul Wathaniyah, sebagai sebuah lembaga pendidikan Islam, pada masanya telah memiliki ruang belajar, meja belajar, dan alat tulis yang terbilang lengkap, sedangkan yang lainnya masih bentuk halaqoh-halaqoh. Ia juga dikenal sebagai salah satu tokoh yang ikut serta memperjuangkan pendidikan Islam dari aturan ordinansi Belanda yang mengekang pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Utara.
Abstract: Shaykh Abdul Wahab Sei Lumut who was born in 1864 is a scholar and figure who contributed to Islamic education in North Sumatra. His contribution was in the form of the establishment of Madrasa Ittihadul Wathaniyah, one of the first madrasas to be established in North Sumatra, precisely in the coastal area of ​​Panai Hilir District, Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra. It is known that the Madrasa he founded is more advanced in terms of learning than other madrasas in Labuhanbatu Regency, generally North Sumatra, both in terms of facilities and learning methods. Madrasah Ittihadul Wathaniyah, as an Islamic educational institution, in its time had a complete study room, study table, and writing utensils, while the others were still in the form of halaqoh-halaqoh. He is also known as one of the figures who participated in the struggle for Islamic education from the Dutch ordinance rules that curbed Islamic education in North Sumatra
NILAI-NILAI PROFETIK SEPUTAR ETIKA PENDIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENURUT YUSUF AL-QARDHAWI
Authors: Azis Abdul , Husna Jannatul , Waharjani Waharjani 
Published: January 2023

Etika guru merupakan hal yang paling penting dalam proses pendidikan, karena tujuan dari pendidikan sendiri adalah memperbaiki akhlak. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Peneliti dalam analisis data menggunakan metode analisis isi dimana metode ini dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi informasi secara objektif. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian ini adalah menurut Yusuf al-Qardhawi seorang pendidik haruslah memiliki etika-etika guna tercapainya situasi kelas yang kondusif dan membuat nyaman para pelajar. Berikut etika-etika yang harus dimiliki guru dalam proses belajar mengajar: kehati-hatian pengajar dan perencanaan sesuai dengan kompetensi, tanggung jawab bersama dalam mendidik anak-anak, penyampaian materi kepada pelajar dan kebahagiaan bagi pelajar, ramah kepada pelajar, bersimpati kepada yang berbuat kesalahan, bersemangat berbuat baik dan bersemangat memberikan penghargaan kepada peelajar, mengalami peningkatan dalam belajar, menjaga kelompok-kelompok yang terpencil, keseimbangan dan menghilangkan kebosanan, pemanfaatan rekreasi sebagai pembelajaran, jalan pendukung pembelajaran, memilih cara yang baik, evaluasi dengan pertanyaan-pertanyaan baik tulis maupun lisan.
Antagonists Selective for NMDA Receptors Containing the NR2B Subunit
Authors: Chenard B. L. , Menniti F. S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
In the late 1980s, a new class of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, exemplified by the phenylethanolamine ifenprodil (1), was identified. Initially, the mechanism of action of ifenprodil was a mystery as it was not a competitive antagonist at the glutamate or glycine (co-agonist) binding sites, nor was it a blocker of the calcium ion channel associated with the NMDA receptor. Early studies with a novel polyamine binding site associated with the NMDA receptor and functional studies in various brain regions suggested a unique and selective activity profile for 1. However, it was not until the NMDA receptor subunits were identified and expressed that ifenprodil was shown to be a selective antagonist for a subset of NMDA receptors containing the NR2B subunit. The wide range of potential therapeutic targets for NMDA antagonists coupled with the hope that NR2B selective agents might possess an improved clinical safety profile compared to non-selective compounds has supported an aggressive effort to develop the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of NR2B selective antagonists. This SAR and the basic physiology of the NMDA receptor form the basis of this review.
Quantification of Vitamin D at Different Levels of Clinical Worsening of COVID-19
Authors: Tsun Lai Yu , Bibo Thaciane Alkmim , Affonso Fonseca Fernando Luiz , da Veiga Glaucia Luciano , Macedo Gaiatto Ana Carolina , de Godoy Moreira e Costa Nicolle , Raimundo Joyce Regina , Perez Matheus Moreira , Gascón Thaís , Scorza Fulvio Alexandre , Scorza Carla Alessandra , Nader Helena , Castello Girão Manoel João Batista , da Costa Aguiar Alves Beatriz , Pereira Edimar Cristiano 
Published: January 2023

Introduction and Aim:
Vitamin D is the name given to a group of lipid-soluble steroidal substances of
physiological importance in the body, especially in bone metabolism. The active form of vitamin D is believed to
have immunomodulatory effects on immune system cells, especially T lymphocytes, as well as on the production and
action of several cytokines and on the expression of potent antimicrobial peptides in epithelial cells that line the
respiratory tract, playing an important role in protecting the lung from infections. The aim of this study was to assess
vitamin D levels in patients with COVID-19 in healthcare service and to verify that these levels are adequate to
protect the progression of this infection.

Methods:
The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the serum concentration of vitamin D in 300 patients
suspected of being infected with COVID-19, treated at Basic Health Units (BHUs) and at the Hospital Complex in
the municipality of São Bernardo do Campo.

Results:
294 patients were included, 195 (66%) of which tested positive for COVID-19 and 99 (34%) negative for
COVID-19. Among the patients in the positive group, 163 patients were in the mild group (84%); 22 patients in the
moderate group (11%); 8 patients in the severe group (4%), and 2 patients in the deceased group (1%).

Conclusion:
For the patients in this study, no association was observed for the protective factor of vitamin D against
COVID-19 infection, and its role in controlling the clinical staging of the disease was not verified.
Clinical Evidence and Practice-Based Guidelines on the Utility of Basal
Insulin Combined Oral Therapy (Metformin and Glimepiride) in the
Current Era
Authors: Shrivastava Abhishek , Kesavadev Jothydev , Mohan Viswanathan , Saboo Banshi , Shrestha Dina , Maheshwari Anuj , Makkar Brij Mohan , Modi Kirtikumar D. , Kumar  Das Ashok 
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim:
Basal insulin combined oral therapy consisting of insulin and
oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) is recommended for type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on OADs. There
is a lack of clear evidence and recommendations on the combined use of basal insulin analogues to
more than one OADs (glimepiride plus metformin) in effective control of glycemic parameters and
its safety in terms of reduced hypoglycemic events, weight gain and cardiovascular risk. In this
context, a group of clinical experts discussed the utility of basal insulin combined oral therapy with
metformin and glimepiride in the current era.

Methods:
The clinical experts discussed and provided their inputs virtually. The expert panel included
clinical experts comprising endocrinologists and diabetologists from India and Nepal.

Results:
The panel thoroughly reviewed existing literature on the subject and proposed clinical evidence
and practice-based guidelines.

Conclusion:
These current clinical practice guidelines highlight the efficacy and safety of basal insulin
combination therapy with various available basal insulins including neutral protamine hagedorn,
detemir, glargine and degludec in addition to metformin and glimepiride therapy.
Plant-sourced Antioxidants in Human Health: A State-of-Art Review
Authors: Alara Oluwaseun Ruth , Ukaegbu Chinonso Ishmael , Abdurahman Nour Hamid , Alara John Adewole , Ali Hassan Alsaggaf 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Nowadays, free radical chemistry is a field that has gained the wider attention of researchers.
Our body generates free radicals’ reactive nitrogen and oxygen species through subjection
to several pathological states, endogenous systems, and physicochemical conditions. For
the physiological state to occur, it is compulsory to propel a balance between antioxidants and
free radicals. Oxidative stress will set in when free radicals can no longer be regulated in the
body system. Moreover, free radicals negatively affect DNA, protein, and lipids and cause many
diseases in the human body. Thus, natural-sourced antioxidants can be used to manage this oxidative
stress. Currently, it has been revealed that some synthetic antioxidants, including butylated
hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene, are hazardous to human health. Therefore, many
efforts have been made in search of natural, non-toxic, and effective compounds that possess anti-
oxidative properties. Hence, this review comprehensively presents the roles of plant-based antioxidants
in resolving the challenging issues associated with free radical diseases in human beings.
It further reviews the characteristics and occurrences of free radicals in the human body, the
formation and mechanism of free radicals, some of the physiological impacts of free radicals on
human health, sources of free radicals, and plant-sourced antioxidants as a frontier in managing
free radicals.
Diagnostic Challenge and Management of Thymic Cavernous Hemangioma:
A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liu Li , Zhang Fangbiao , Wu Zhijun , Tu Shaosong , Li Yan 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Thymic cavernous hemangioma (CH) as a benign lesion is extremely rare, and it
is very difficult to distinguish it from other anterior mediastinal tumors on imaging.

Case Presentation:
We treated a 63-year-old woman with thymic CH that was incidentally found by
chest computed tomography (CT). Contrast-enhanced chest CT described an anterior superior mediastinal
mass, approximately 2.5cm in diameter, with centripetal enhancement and an increased range of
enhancement in the delayed period. The tumor and thymus were completely resected by video-assisted
thoracic surgery (VATS) to provide a definitive diagnosis and precise treatment. Postoperative pathology
suggested that the tumor was a thymus cavernous hemangioma.

Conclusion:
We reported an extremely uncommon case of CH in the thymus and reviewed the previously
published literature. CH can occur at any age and body tissue, and there is no significant difference
between males and females. Most patients are asymptomatic, often found by chest CT. Enhanced
chest CT suggested that an increased area of venous enhancement at a prolonged duration may be a
feature of CH. Complete surgical resection is a safe and effective method for CH in the thymus.
Chest CT Features of Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Following
Hospital Discharge
Authors: Qiao Zhenguo , Hu Chunhong , Liu Dong , Fu Fangfang , Ye Aihua 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
To evaluate chest computed tomographic (CT) findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia following hospital discharge.

Methods:
52 patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia underwent follow-up chest CT. The scans were obtained on average 43.1 days after hospital admission and analyzed for parenchymal abnormality (e.g., ground-glass opacities, consolidation, or interstitial thickening) and evidence of fibrosis (e.g., assigned to one of three groups: Group 1 (normal lung), Group 2 (parenchymal abnormality but without evidence of fibrosis), and Group 3 (evidence of fibrosis)). Clinical data and CT manifestations of the patients were compared among the three groups.

Results:
30.8% (16/52) of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia showed normal lung and were designated as Group 1. 69.2% (36/52) of patients showed parenchymal abnormality ranging from residual ground-glass opacities, consolidation, or interstitial thickening in Group 2 (51.9%) to fibrosis in Group 3 (17.3%). All patients in Group3 had severe/critical COVID-19, while most patients in Group 2 and Group 1 had common COVID-19. Patients in Group 3 were older (60.9 vs 40.8 and 36.8 years, p<0.001, there is a significant difference), had a longer hospitalization day (20.2 vs 15.3 and 12.3 days, p<0.05, there is a significant difference), a higher ratio of patients with comorbidities (88.9%vs14.8% and 25%, p<0.001, there is a significant difference), and higher peak CT scores (13 vs 6.2 and 3.2, p<0.001, there is a significant difference) than those patients in Group 2 and Group 1.

Conclusions:
Elderly severe/critical COVID-19 patients with comorbidities are more prone to develop fibrosis early on following hospital discharge. On the other hand, lung inflammation in younger patients with common COVID-19 can be resolved completely.
Bioactive Potential of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.: PRISMA Based
Review
Authors: Singh Sonia , Gupta Anushka , Gupta Neha 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
In India, the plant Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. is commonly known as
"Jackfruit" and has been generally used as food and in many traditional medicines.

Objective:
The present manuscript aimed to collect description information on phytochemistry, ethnomedical
uses, pharmacological activities, and patent of A. heterophyllus Lam. that may help in
making a bridge between the research gaps as well as the upcoming future findings.

Materials and Methods:
The literature survey was based on a PRISMA systematic study that gathered
information from various sources, including journals, e-books, and digital databases such as
Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, and Science Direct from 1991 to 2021.

Results:
Several bioactive constituents are characterized, including flavonoids, chalcones, flavanols,
terpenoids, stilbenoids, and xanthones in the fruit. It also contains tannins, quercetin, gallic acid,
saponins, artocarpanone and artocarpin. Many pharmacological studies stated the therapeutic potential
of Jackfruit, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer, and
antidiabetic properties.

Conclusion:
The present manuscript summarizes the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties
of A.heterophyllus Lam. And it is also providing information in-vitro and in-vivo concerning
experimental studies with patent data which, in turn, makes the herbal drug a promising source in
the nutrition and therapeutic aspects.