bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalized radiotherapy of brain metastases: survival prediction by means of dichotomized or differentiated blood test results?
Authors: Nieder Carsten , Andratschke Nicolaus H. , Grosu Anca L. 
Published: April 2023

Background and objectivesThe validated LabBM score (laboratory parameters in patients with brain metastases) represents a widely applicable survival prediction model, which incorporates 5 blood test results (serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, platelets and hemoglobin). All tests are classified as normal or abnormal, without accounting for the wide range of abnormality observed in practice. We tested the hypothesis that improved stratification might be possible, if more granular test results are employed.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 198 patients managed with primary whole-brain radiotherapy in one of the institutions who validated the original LabBM score.ResultsFor two blood tests (albumin, CRP), discrimination was best for the original dichotomized version (normal/abnormal). For two others (LDH, hemoglobin), a three-tiered classification was best. The number of patients with low platelet count was not large enough for detailed analyses. A modified LabBM score was developed, which separates the intermediate of originally 3 prognostic groups into 2 statistically significantly different strata, resulting in a 4-tiered score.ConclusionThis initial proof-of-principle study suggests that granular blood test results might contribute to further improvement of the score, or alternatively development of a nomogram, if additional large-scale studies confirm the encouraging results of the present analysis.
Exploration of acute and chronic anti-inflammatory potential of Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus extracts in Wistar rats: A mechanistic insight
Authors: Saleem Ammara , Hameed Izza , Akhtar Muhammad Furqan , Ashraf Ghulam Md , Alghamdi Badrah S. , Rahman Md. Habibur , Almashjary Majed N. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: This research was conducted to validate the folkloric use of Quercus leucotrichophora (QL) leaf extracts against inflammation and arthritis and to determine the chemical composition using HPLC.Method: The aqueous and methanolic extracts of QL were evaluated by in vitro anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory (inhibition of protein denaturation and membrane stabilization) assays, and in vivo anti-inflammatory (carrageenan and xylene-induced edema) and anti-arthritic models. For anti-arthritic potential, 0.1 mL Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) was inoculated into the left hind paw of a Wistar rat on day 1, and oral dosing with QL methanolic extract (QLME) at 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg was begun at day 8 till the 28th day in all groups, except disease control that was given distilled water, while methotrexate was given as standard treatment.Results and discussion: There was a noteworthy (p &lt; 0.05–0.0001) restoration in body weight, paw edema, arthritic index, altered blood parameters, and oxidative stress biomarkers in treated rats as compared to the diseased group. Moreover, QLME treatment significantly (p &lt; 0.0001) downregulated TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, and NF-κB, while significantly (p &lt; 0.0001) upregulating IL-10, I-κB, and IL-4 in contrast to the diseased group. The QLME exhibited no mortality in the acute toxicity study. It was concluded that QLME possessed substantial anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic potential at all dosage levels prominently at 600 mg/kg might be due to the presence of quercetin, gallic, sinapic, and ferulic acids.
The rate of DNA synthesis in ovaries, fat body cells, and pericardial cells of the bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) depends on the stage of ovarian maturation
Authors: Zavodska Radka , Sehadova Hana 
Published: April 2023

Bumblebees are important pollinators of plants worldwide and they are kept for commercial pollination. By studying the process of oogenesis, we can understand their ontogenetic developmental strategy and reproduction. We describe the anatomy of the ovary of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris using 3D reconstruction by confocal microscopy. We found that an oocyte is accompanied by 63 endopolyploidy nurse cells. The number of nurse cells nuclei decreased during oogenesis and the cells are finally absorbed by the oocyte. We monitored the rate of DNA synthesis in vivo during 12 h in ovaries, fat body, and pericardial cells in B. terrestris queens and workers of different ages. The DNA replication activity was detected on the basis of visualization of incorporated 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine. DNA synthesis detected in differentiated nurse cells indicated endoreplication of nuclei. The dynamics of mitotic activity varied among different ages and statuses of queens. In 3- to 8-day-old virgin queens, intense mitotic activity was observed in all tissue types investigated. This might be related to the initial phase of oogenesis and the development of the hepato-nephrotic system. In 15- to 20-day-old mated pre-diapause queens, DNA synthesis was exclusively observed in the ovaries, particularly in the germarium and the anterior part of the vitellarium. In 1-year-old queens, replication occurred only in the peritoneal sheath of ovaries and in several cells of the fat body. The similar DNA synthesis patterns in the ovaries of mated pre-diapause queens, ovipositing workers, and non-egg-laying workers show that mitotic activity is related not only to age but also to the stage of ovarian maturation and is relatively independent of caste affiliation.
The optimum economic nitrogen rate of blended controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer for rice in the Chanoyu watershed in the Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Yuan Manman , Sun Yixiang , Wu Gang , Wang Jiabao , Liu Chuang , Tang Tongtong , Zhang Xiangming , Wang Wenjun , Jing Yudan 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe application of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (CRN) has become an important production method to achieve high crop yield and ecological safety. However, the rate of urea-blended CRN for rice is usually determined by conventional urea, and the actual rate is still unclear.MethodsA five-year field experiment was carried out in the Chaohu watershed in the Yangtze River Delta to study rice yield, N fertilizer utilization efficiency (NUE), ammonia (NH3) volatilization and economic benefit under the four urea-blended CRN treatments with a 4:3:3 ratio applied at one time (60, 120, 180, 240 kg/hm2, CRN60, CRN120, CRN180, CRN240), four conventional N fertilizer treatments (N60, N120, N180, N240) and a control without N fertilizer (N0).Results and DiscussionThe results showed that the N released from the blended CRNs could well satisfy the N demand of rice growth. Similar to the conventional N fertilizer treatments, a quadratic equation was used to model the relationship between rice yield and N rate under the blended CRN treatments. The blended CRN treatments increased rice yield by 0.9-8.2% and NUE by 6.9-14.8%, respectively, compared with the conventional N fertilizer treatments at the same N application rate. The increase in NUE in response to applied blended CRN was related to the reduction in NH3 volatilization. Based on the quadratic equation, the five-year average NUE under the blended CRN treatment was 42.0% when rice yield reached the maximum, which was 28.9% higher than that under the conventional N fertilizer treatment. Among all treatments, CRN180 had the highest yield and net benefit in 2019. Considering the yield output, environmental loss, labor and fertilizer costs, the optimum economic N rate under the blended CRN treatment in the Chaohu watershed was 180-214 kg/hm2, compared with 212-278 kg/hm2 under the conventional N fertilizer treatment. The findings suggest that blended CRN improved rice yield, NUE and economic income while decreasing NH3 volatilization and negative environmental outcomes.
Case report: Unruptured small middle cerebral artery aneurysm with perianeurysmal edema
Authors: Goto Yoshihiro , Morofuji Yoichi , Shiozaki Eri , Uchida Daiki , Kawahara Ichiro , Ono Tomonori , Haraguchi Wataru , Tsutsumi Keisuke 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundPerianeurysmal edema (PAE) has a tendency to occur in embolized aneurysms but also in partially thrombosed, large, or giant aneurysms. However, there are only a few cases recorded in which PAE was detected in untreated or small aneurysms. We suspected that PAE might be an impending sign of aneurysm rupture in these cases. Herein, we presented a unique case of PAE that was related to an unruptured small middle cerebral artery aneurysm.Case descriptionA 61-year-old woman was referred to our institute due to a newly formed abnormal fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense lesion in the right medial temporal cortex. Upon admission, the patient did not present with any symptoms or complaints; however, FLAIR and CT angiography (CTA) suggested an increased risk of aneurysm rupture. Aneurysm clipping was conducted, and no evidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposits around the aneurysm and brain parenchyma was noted. The patient was discharged home without any neurological symptoms. MRI taken at eight months post-clipping revealed complete regression of the FLAIR hyperintense lesion around the aneurysm.ConclusionPAE in unruptured, small aneurysm is thought to be an impending sign of aneurysm rupture. Early surgical intervention is critical even for small aneurysms with PAE.
Reliable sealing cushions for big sewers
Authors: Маслов А.А. 
Published: April 2023

Одним из важнейших мероприятий для успешного проведения ремонтных работ является надежная блокировка трубопровода на период их проведения. Использование для этих задач пневматических заглушающих перекрытий LAMPE на канализационных сетях большого диаметра показало их высокую эффективность. Перекрытия LAMPE принципиально отличаются от резиновых заглушек материалом, из которого они изготовлены, и применяемыми при их производстве технологиями. В результате они легче, без затруднений проходят через обычный люк, не требуют дополнительной блокировки, ремонтопригодны, имеют неограниченный срок службы. Все перечисленные преимущества позволяют быстро и надежно перекрыть аварийный участок трубопровода на время проведения ремонтных работ и, обеспечив их абсолютную безопасность, существенно сократить сроки ликвидации аварии.
One of the most important measures for the successful repair works is the reliable blocking of the pipeline for the repair period. The use of LAMPE pneumatic sealing cushions for this purpose in large-diameter sewer networks has shown their high efficiency. LAMPE sealing cushions are fundamentally different from rubber plugs by the material they are made of and by the technologies of their manufacture. As a result, they are lighter, easily pass through a conventional hatch, do not require additional blocking, they are maintainable, and have an unlimited service life. All of these advantages make it possible to quickly and reliably cut off the failed section of the pipeline for the period of repair works and, having ensured their absolute safety, significantly reduce the time for eliminating the failure.
EVALUASI PEMBANGUNAN KESEHATAN DALAM UPAYA PENURUNAN ANGKA KEMATIAN IBU DAN BAYI DI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Rosyidatuzzahro Anisykurlillah  , Patriani Wilma Eunike Supit  
Published: April 2023

Health is one of the basic human rights that must be guaranteed by the state. The success of health development is reflected in the reduction in maternal and child mortality as an indicator of successful regional development. The high maternal mortality and infant mortality rates are a strategic issue in the 2021-2026 Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Malang Regency. This study aims to describe and evaluate health development as an effort to reduce maternal and infant mortality in Malang Regency. The type of research used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The evaluation method used is CIPP which consists of Context, Input, Process, and Product. The CIPP technique is used for sectoral development assessment, in this case the health sector for mothers and babies with a regional apparatus, namely the Health Office of Malang Regency. The data analysis used was Creswell's qualitative data analysis. The evaluation results show that there are still several obstacles in the development of maternal and infant health as an effort to reduce maternal and infant mortality in Malang Regency. These obstacles include: not optimal quality and quantity of paramedics, affordability and access to health facilities are not evenly distributed in several villages, as well as some people who prefer traditional birth attendants in providing assistance because the community considers it cheaper.
Progress report on high aspect ratio patterning for memory devices
Authors: Shen Meihua , Lill Thorsten , Hoang John , Chi Hao , Routzahn Aaron , Church Jonathan , Subramonium Pramod , Puthenkovilakam Ragesh , Reddy Sirish , Bhadauriya Sonal , Roberts Sloan , Kamarthy Gowri 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
High aspect ratio (HAR) silicon nitride and silicon oxide (ONON) channel hole patterning in 3D NAND flash presents great challenges. This report summarizes some of the recent progress in patterning from the perspective of HAR etching and deposition-etch co-optimization (DECO). HAR etching mechanisms will be discussed, with a focus on how to reduce the aspect ratio-dependent etching (ARDE) effect. Highlights of the new low-temperature etch process will be presented, with significant improvement in the ARDE being observed. New simulation results from a Monte Carlo feature-scale model provide insights into ion scattering and mask interactions on the control of the channel hole profile. DECO is a new frontier to enable better control of the channel hole shape at HAR. Film tier optimization and carbon liner insertion results show improvement in channel hole profile control.
Investigations on plasma parameters of diaphragm discharge plasma based on optical emission spectroscopy
Authors: Watanabe Taichi , Zen Shungo , Takeuchi Nozomi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As a plasma-based method, diaphragm discharge plasma, an underwater discharge, exhibits a relatively high production rate and efficiency of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This study aimed to characterize the energetic state of plasma and the H2O2 production mechanism by optical emission spectroscopy, evaluating the excitation temperature, gas temperature, electron density, and their temporal variations. The excitation temperature was approximately 3000 K, which was also presumed to almost coincide with the electron temperature in the plasma. The gas temperature was approximately 2500 K, and the electron density was approximately 6 × 1022 m−3 at maximum. The electron density sustained higher values under the condition of better H2O2 production performance, whereas the other two parameters exhibited almost no difference and variation. The reaction rate calculation based on the observation results indicated that the thermal dissociation of H2O is a more crucial reaction path for H2O2 production in our plasma than expected.
BERT_PLPS: A BERT-based Model for Predicting Lysine Phosphoglycerylation Sites
Authors: Lai Songning , Wang Pengwei , Ye Lan , Liu Zhi 
Published: April 2023

<p>As one of the most important post-translational modification processes, lysine phosphoglycerylation modifications affect many important biosynthetic processes in the human body. However, traditional experimental methods for the recognization of lysine phosphoglycerylation sites are not only expensive but also time-consuming. Computational techniques may provide an economical and efficient way to predict lysine phosphoglycerylation sites. Therefore, it is extremely necessary and meaningful to study and establish prediction models with high accuracy. In the present study, we propose a BERT-based model, BERT PLPS, which could predict accurately lysine phosphoglycerylation sites. This model extracts amino acid sequence features with three algorithms: CKSAAP, AAC, and BE. Sample equalization is performed using the ADASYN and KNN algorithms. The data are dimensionalized by the ISOMap algorithm, and the features are encoded into feature sequences by an encoder as the input to a BERT-based prediction model. To learn better the intrinsic biological language of lysine, we replaced the original static mask with a dynamic random mask. Compared to other machine learning or deep learning-based models, BERT PLPS exhibits up to 99.53% accuracy and outperforms the most advanced model (PLP FS) with an increase of approximately 0.35% on ACC and approximately 0.93% on MCC.</p>
Assessment of Enuresis in Children in Erbil City
Authors: Chalab Dlair A. K. , Hussein Kareema Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Background: Nocturnal enuresis has been observed that bedwetting often occurred in several members of the same family. A study shows that 70% of children who have enuresis have a parent who has a history of the disorder. Another study shows that Nocturnal Enuresis (bed wetting) is a relatively common disorder fraught with emotional physical and social effects.
Objectives: The aim of the study is to detect certain factors related to enuresis, such as (genetic factor, family history, stress, urinary tract infection, diabetic mellitus and sleeping disorder).
Methodology: A descriptive study, conducted in outpatient in Raparen Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Erbil City, in the April 1st 2011 to May 30th 2012. A convenience sample size of 50 mothers with their children aged (5-15) years old were selected to achieve the aim of this study.
Results: The results revealed that 62% of the study sample were females, the age of total sample 76% were range between (5-7) years old, more than half of the sample had previously bed wetting, 72% of the them start bed wetting at age 5 years old, and 40% of them had bed wetting day and night highest frequency 74% and 32% risk factors of enuresis were by genetic factors and urinary tract infection respectively, while 26% and (22% ) of them their sisters or brothers had enuresis too, respectively.
Conclusion: Present study concluded that enuresis is a pediatric public health problem that associated with young age children, family history of enuresis and history of urinary tract infections in addition to a lot of maternal & child demographic data. Majority of the sample had previously bed wetting, most of them start bed wetting at age 5 years old.
Recommendation: The study recommended the parents to be more attention and give care about their children during toilet training.
Impact of Tuberculosis upon Patients' Quality of Life Who Undergo Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) in AL-Amarah City
Authors: Nagi Arkan Bahlool , Shamkh Saad sabri 
Published: April 2023

Objective: To find the impact of Tuberculosis disease upon quality of life of patients who undergo Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS).
Methodology: A descriptive design is carried out at Respiratory and Chest Diseases out Patients' Clinic, of Nov 20th, 2012 to July 11th, 2013, in order to find out the impact of tuberculosis disease upon quality of life of patients who undergo Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS). A non-probability (Purposive) sample of (60) Tuberculosis patients. The data collection process has been performed in February 13th, 2012 to the April 6th, 2012. The data were described analyzed through the use of descriptive statistics such as (frequencies, percentage, mean of score and comparative significant) and inferential statistics such as (Chi-square, and T-test).
Results: The results of the study showed that Tuberculosis negatively influence upon patients quality of life domains.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the maximum effect of presented by the social domain, followed by the psychological, level of independency, then the physical domain. While the minimum impact, presented by spiritual domain, followed by the environmental domain.
Recommendation: The study recommended that necessary to do a health educational programs to increase health awareness among peoples who attendants the outpatient clinics and special health centers for tuberculosis disease, as well as the use of mass media by the health authorities.
Prediction of pulmonary gas exchange disorders in patients with long-term COVID-19 using machine learning methods
Authors: Savushkina O. I. , Astanin P. A. , Kryukov E. V. , Zaicev A. A. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Hospital discharge after COVID-19 does not mean a complete recovery.Aim. To predict lung gas-exchange impairment in patients after COVID-19-associated pneumonia.Materials and methods. An observational retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. 316 patients (78% men) with long-term COVID-19 and postCOVID computed tomography (CT) changes, without lung diseases in history were enrolled. Spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusion test were performed.Results. In whole group the medians of ventilation parameters were within the normal ranges. However, 78 (25%) patients had a restrictive type of ventilation disorders, 23 (7%) had airway obstruction, and 174 (55%) had a decrease in diffusion capacity of the lungs (DLCO). The general group was divided into two subgroups depending on the DLCO value: subgroup 1 – DLCO is within the normal range and subgroup 2 – DLCO is reduced. The DLCO analysis between the subgroups showed statistically significant differences in duration from the COVID19 onset (lower in subgroup 2) and in the computer tomography abnormalities in the acute period of COVID-19 (CTmax) (more in subgroup 2) whereas there were no differences in gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Analyzing the odds ratio showed that the chance of a decrease in DLCO after COVID-19 increased 6.5 times with CTmax of more than 45%, 4 times with a duration from the COVID-19 onset less than 225 days, 1.9 times if the age is younger than 63 years while male gender and BMI did not have an impact on DLCO in the post-COVID period. The logistic regression model with identified predictors demonstrated the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 81%, 82%, 80%, respectively.Conclusion. According to our model CTmax of more than 45%, the duration from the COVID-19 onset less than 225 days, age younger than 63 years are important predictors for reducing DLCO after COVID-19.