bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer‐assisted bone augmentation, implant planning and placement: An in vitro investigation
Authors: Unger S. , Benic G. I. , Ender A. , Pasic P. , Hämmerle C. H. F. , Stadlinger B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo assess in vitro the workflow for alveolar ridge augmentation with customised 3D printed block grafts and simultaneous computer‐assisted implant planning and placement.MethodsTwenty resin mandible models with an edentulous area and horizontal ridge defect in the region 34–36 were scanned with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A block graft for horizontal ridge augmentation in the region 34–36 and an implant in the position 35 were digitally planned. Twenty block grafts were 3D printed out of resin and one template for guided implant placement were stereolithographically produced. The resin block grafts were positioned onto the ridge defects and stabilised with two fixation screws each. Subsequently, one implant was inserted in the position 35 through the corresponding template for guided implant placement. Optical scans of the study models together with the fixated block graft were performed prior to and after implant placement. The scans taken after block grafting were superimposed with the virtual block grafting plan through a best‐fit algorithm, and the linear deviation between the planned and the achieved block positions was calculated. The precision of the block fixation was obtained by superimposing the 20 scans taken after grafting and calculating the deviation between the corresponding resin blocks. The superimposition between the scans taken after and prior to implant placement was performed to measure a possible displacement in the block position induced by guided implant placement. The (98–2%)/2 percentile value was determined as a parameter for surface deviation.ResultsThe mean deviation in the position of the block graft compared to the virtual plan amounted to 0.79 ± 0.13 mm. The mean deviation between the positions of the 20 block grafts measured 0.47 ± 0.2 mm, indicating a clinically acceptable precision. Guided implant placement induced a mean shift of 0.16 ± 0.06 mm in the position of the block graft.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that customised block grafts fabricated through CBCT, computer‐assisted design and 3D printing allow alveolar ridge augmentation with clinically acceptable predictability and reproducibility. Computer‐assisted implant planning and placement can be performed simultaneously with computer‐assisted block grafting leading to clinically non‐relevant dislocation of block grafts.
Motivations for participation in weight loss clinical trials
Authors: Susanto Alyssa , Fuller Nicholas R. , Hocking Samantha , Markovic Tania , Gill Tim 
Published: May 2023

SummaryMales are under‐represented in weight loss clinical trials, usually comprising fewer than one‐quarter of participants. Our study aimed to investigate people's motivations for participating in weight loss trials and determine any relationship with gender. Eighty individuals from an existing registry for weight loss trials were contacted, of whom 24 (9 males, 15 females) agreed to participate in a 20‐min semi‐structured interview around their expectations and motivations for volunteering. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed in Zoom. A transcript of each interview was uploaded into NVivo for preliminary thematic analysis. Improved health was a common motivation for pursuing weight loss in all subjects regardless of gender. Male recruitment to weight loss trials was often influenced by advice from a healthcare professional to lose weight for the prevention of obesity‐related comorbidities, whereas family and aesthetic expectations (e.g., clothes and fashion) were key elements of female participation. Identification of gender differences in motivations for volunteering in weight loss trials will help improve tailoring of recruitment strategies and interventions to enhance male participation in the future.
miR‐126‐5p expression in the plasma of patients with sepsis‐induced acute lung injury and its correlation with inflammation and immune function
Authors: Mao Xiaoyong , Wu Yiping , Xu Weifeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis work was implemented to elucidate the miR‐126‐5p expression in the plasma of patients with sepsis‐induced acute lung injury (ALI) and its correlation with inflammation and immune function.MethodsThe peripheral blood of patients with sepsis‐induced ALI was obtained, and the levels of inflammatory factors (interleukin‐6 [IL‐6], C‐reactive protein [CRP], and procalcitonin [PCT]) were determined. Meanwhile, T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+), and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG) were tested. miR‐126‐5p and TRAF6 mRNA expression in plasma was assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of miR‐126‐5p in sepsis without ALI and sepsis with ALI. Correlation between miR‐126‐5p expression and clinical indicators was analyzed. The targets of miR‐126‐5p were predicted using the bioinformatics method, and the direct targets were verified through investigations.ResultsmiR‐126‐5p expression in plasma of patients with sepsis‐induced ALI was reduced than that of patients with sepsis without ALI. miR‐126‐5p expression was negatively correlated with IL‐6, CRP, and PCT but positively correlated with IgA, IgM, and IgG as well as CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ in patients with sepsis‐induced ALI. ROC curve suggested that miR‐126‐5p (AUC: 0.777; 95%CI: 0.689–0.866) could distinguish patients with sepsis with ALI from patients with sepsis without ALI. TRAF6 expression in patients with sepsis‐induced ALI was higher than that in patients with sepsis without ALI. TRAF6 was a target gene of miR‐126‐5p,ConclusionThis research highlights that miR‐126‐5p is reduced in the plasma of patients with sepsis‐induced ALI, and miR‐126‐5p relates to systemic inflammation and immune function indicators.
Retrospective comparative study of new slim‐delivery and conventional large‐cell stents for stent‐in‐stent methods for hilar malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Ishigaki Kazunaga , Fukuda Rintaro , Nakai Yousuke , Endo Go , Kurihara Kohei , Ishida Kota , Tange Shuichi , Takaoka Shinya , Tokito Yurie , Suzuki Yukari , Oyama Hiroki , Kanai Sachiko , Suzuki Tatsunori , Ito Yukiko , Sato Tatsuya , Hakuta Ryunosuke , Saito Kei , Saito Tomotaka , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Takahara Naminatsu , Mizuno Suguru , Kogure Hirofumi , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesEndoscopic management of unresectable hilar malignant biliary obstruction (HMBO) is technically challenging, and effectiveness of stent‐in‐stent using large‐cell, metal stents was reported. A new, large‐cell stent with a 6F tapered delivery system was recently developed. The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of slim‐delivery and conventional large‐cell stents.MethodsThis was a multicenter retrospective comparative study of stent‐in‐stent methods using slim‐delivery stents (Niti‐S Large Cell SR Slim Delivery [LC slim‐delivery]) and conventional stents (Niti‐S large‐cell D‐type; LCD) for unresectable HMBO.ResultsEighty‐three patients with HMBO were included; 31 LC slim‐delivery and 52 LCD. Overall technical and clinical success rates were 100% and 90% in LC slim‐delivery group and 98% and 88% in LCD group. Use of the LC slim‐delivery was associated with shorter stent placement time in the multiple regression analysis, with a stent placement time of 18 and 23 min in LC slim‐delivery and LCD groups, respectively. The early adverse event (AE) rate of LC slim‐delivery was 10%, with no cholangitis or cholecystitis as compared to 23% in the LCD group. Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) rates and time to RBO were comparable between the two groups: 35% and 44%, and 8.5 and 8.0 months in LC slim‐delivery and LCD groups, respectively. The major cause of RBO was tumor ingrowth (82%) in the LC slim‐delivery group and sludge (43%) and ingrowth (48%) in LCD group.ConclusionStent‐in‐stent methods using LC slim‐delivery shortened stent placement time with low early AE rates and comparable time to RBO in patients with HMBO.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided gallbladder drainage as a first approach for jaundice palliation in unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction: Prospective study
Authors: Mangiavillano Benedetto , Moon Jong Ho , Facciorusso Antonio , Vargas‐Madrigal Jorge , Di Matteo Francesco , Rizzatti Gianenrico , De Luca Luca , Forti Edoardo , Mutignani Massimiliano , Al‐Lehibi Abed , Paduano Danilo , Bulajic Milutin , Decembrino Francesco , Auriemma Francesco , Franchellucci Gianluca , De Marco Alessandro , Gentile Carmine , Shin Il Sang , Rea Roberta , Massidda Marco , Calabrese Federica , Mirante Vincenzo Giorgio , Ofosu Andrew , Crinò Stefano Francesco , Hassan Cesare , Repici Alessandro , Larghi Alberto 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) represents the gold standard for jaundice palliation in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction (DMBO). Biliary drainage using electrocautery lumen apposing metal stent (EC‐LAMS) is currently a well‐established procedure when ERCP fails. In a palliative setting the endoscopic ultrasound‐guided gallbladder drainage (EUS‐GBD) could represent an easy and valid option. We performed a prospective study with a new EC‐LAMS with the primary aim to assess the clinical success rate of EUS‐GBD as a first‐line approach to the palliation of DMBO.MethodsIn all, 37 consecutive patients undergoing EUS‐GBD with a new EC‐LAMS were prospectively enrolled. Clinical success was defined as bilirubin level decrease >15% within 24 h and >50% within 14 days after EC‐LAMS placement.ResultsThe mean age was 73.5 ± 10.8 years; there were 17 male patients (45.9%). EC‐LAMS placement was technically feasible in all patients (100%) and the clinical success rate was 100%. Four patients (10.8%) experienced adverse events, one bleeding, one food impaction, and two cystic duct obstructions because of disease progression. No stent‐related deaths were observed. The mean hospitalization was 7.7 ± 3.4 days. Median overall survival was 4 months (95% confidence interval 1–8).ConclusionEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided gallbladder drainage with the new EC‐LAMS is a valid option in palliative endoscopic biliary drainage as a first‐step approach in low survival patients with malignant jaundice unfit for surgery. A smaller diameter EC‐LAMS should be preferred, particularly if the drainage is performed through the stomach, to avoid potential food impaction, which could result in stent dysfunction.
Effects of DPP‐4 inhibitors, GLP‐1 receptor agonists, SGLT‐2 inhibitors and sulphonylureas on mortality, cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A network meta‐analyses‐driven approach
Authors: Brønden Andreas , Christensen Mikkel Bring , Glintborg Dorte , Snorgaard Ole , Kofoed‐Enevoldsen Allan , Madsen Gitte Krogh , Toft Katja , Kristensen Jette Kolding , Højlund Kurt , Hansen Troels Krarup , Søndergaard Esben , Hansen Katrine Bagge 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of our meta‐analyses was to compare the effects of glucose‐lowering drugs on mortality, cardiovascular and renal endpoints for a range of type 2 diabetes (T2D) subgroups defined by their specific cardiovascular risk profile.MethodsMeta‐analyses comparing drugs within the classes of GLP‐1RAs and SGLT‐2 inhibitors were performed and compared to sulphonylureas and DPP‐4 inhibitors with available cardiovascular outcome trials. The comparison between the different classes of glucose‐lowering drugs included analyses of T2D populations with low risk and high risk for cardiovascular disease including populations with established cardiovascular disease and/or kidney disease. Outcomes included mortality, major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE), hospitalisation for heart failure (HHF) and a composite renal endpoint as applied in the underlying clinical trials.ResultsSGLT‐2 inhibitors and GLP‐1RAs showed beneficial effects on mortality and MACE compared to the classes of DPP‐4 inhibitors and sulphonylureas. SGLT‐2 inhibitors were shown to be the most effective treatment in terms of HHF and kidney disease. Metformin was used as background therapy for the vast majority of participants in all included studies. Overall, the absolute effects of SGLT‐2 inhibitors and GLP‐1RAs on these important outcomes were evident for patients with established or at high risk for cardiovascular disease but limited for the low‐risk subgroup.ConclusionsThe findings from our analyses substantiate the relevance of treatment with SGLT‐2 inhibitors or GLP‐1RAs as an add‐on to metformin in patients with T2D and a high risk for cardiovascular disease, and furthermore, support the recommendation for SGLT‐2 inhibitor treatment in patients with T2D and heart failure or established kidney disease.
Associations of diabetes, prediabetes and diabetes duration with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A prospective UK Biobank study
Authors: Su Jian , Li Mengyao , Wan Xinglin , Yu Hao , Wan Yanan , Hang Dong , Lu Yan , Tao Ran , Wu Ming , Zhou Jinyi , Fan Xikang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the associations of diabetes, prediabetes and diabetes duration with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk and survival in the UK Biobank.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a prospective analysis among 452 680 participants without COPD at baseline using UK Biobank data. Multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated from Cox regression models. The dose–response relationship was explored using restricted cubic splines. A separate survival analysis was conducted for 12 595 patients with incident COPD.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 12.3 years, 12 595 cases of COPD were documented. Compared with the reference group, those with prediabetes and diabetes were associated with an 18% (HR 1.18 [95% CI: 1.13‐1.24]) and 35% (HR 1.35 [95% CI: 1.24‐1.47]) higher risk of COPD, respectively. Diabetes duration was associated with COPD risk, with multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of 1.23 (1.05‐1.44), 1.20 (1.04‐1.39) and 1.18 (1.01‐1.37) for diabetes duration of 7 years or longer, 3 to less than 7 years, and 1 to less than 3 years versus less than 1 year, respectively. Dose–response analysis revealed a non‐linear relationship between diabetes duration and COPD risk. Regarding COPD survival, COPD patients with prediabetes and diabetes had a 9% (HR 1.09 [95% CI: 1.00‐1.19]) and 21% (HR 1.21 [95% CI: 1.05‐1.41]) higher risk of overall death, respectively. Compared with the cases with a diabetes duration of less than 1 year, those with a diabetes duration of 7 years or longer were associated with a 46% higher risk of overall death (HR 1.46 [95% CI: 1.11‐1.92]).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that diabetes, prediabetes and a longer diabetes duration are associated with a higher risk of and worse survival for COPD. Future studies are warranted to determine the optimal way of diabetes control that might reduce COPD risk.
Transesophageal echocardiography‐guided versus fluoroscopy‐guided patent foramen ovale closure: A single center registry
Authors: Achim Alexandru , Hochegger Paul , Kanoun Schnur Sadeek S. , Moser Lisa , Stark Cosima , Pranevičius Robertas , Prunea Dan , Schmidt Albrecht , Ablasser Klemens , Verheyen Nicolas , Kolesnik Ewald , Maier Robert , Luha Olev , Ruzsa Zoltan , Zirlik Andreas , Toth Gabor G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) is conventionally performed under continuous transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) guidance. We aimed to evaluate whether a simplified procedural approach, including pure fluoroscopy‐guidance and final TEE control, as well as an aimed ‘next‐day‐discharge’ is comparable with the conventional TEE‐guided procedure in terms of periprocedural and intermediate‐term outcomes.MethodsAll patients who underwent a PFO closure at our center between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively included. Prior to June 2019 cases were performed with continuous TEE guidance (TEE‐guided group). Since June 2019, only pure fluoroscopy‐guided PFO closures have been performed with TEE insertion and control just prior to device release (fluoroscopy‐guided group). We analyzed procedural aspects, as well as long term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes.ResultsIn total 291 patients were included in the analysis: 197 in the TEE‐guided group and 94 in the fluoroscopy‐guided group. Fluoroscopy‐guided procedures were markedly shorter (48 ± 20 min vs. 25 ± 9 min; p < .01). There was no difference in procedural complications, including death, major bleeding, device dislodgement, stroke or clinically relevant peripheral embolization between the two groups (.5% vs. 0%; p = .99). Hospital stay was also shorter with the simplified approach (2.5 ± 1.6 vs. 3.5 ± 1.2 days; p < .01), allowing 85% same‐day discharges during the last 12 months of observation period.At 6 ± 3 months echocardiographic follow‐up a residual leakage was described in 8% of the TEE‐guided cases and 2% of the fluoroscopy‐guided cases (p = .08).ConclusionWhile a complete TEE‐free PFO closure might have potential procedural risks, our approach of pure fluoroscopy‐guided with a brisk final TEE check seems to be advantageous in terms of procedural aspects with no sign of any acute or intermediate‐term hazard and it could offer an equitable compromise between the two worlds: a complete TEE procedure and a procedure without any TEE.
Land use differentially alters microbial interactions and detritivore feeding during leaf decomposition in headwater streams
Authors: Hebert Tori A. , Kuehn Kevin A. , Halvorson Halvor M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Human‐driven land conversion from forest to agriculture introduces nutrients, like nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which upon entering nearby streams can stimulate growth and metabolism of microbial autotrophs (algae) and heterotrophs (fungi and bacteria). Recent evidence indicates that algae also can stimulate microbial heterotrophs associated with decaying plant litter by exuding labile carbon (C), defined as the priming effect on decomposition. These autotroph–heterotroph interactions may further alter detritivore feeding ecology, suggesting many complex mechanisms of land‐use change on stream ecosystem functions.

In order to investigate the effects of land use on autotroph–heterotroph interactions, we used a full‐factorial design manipulating labile C (glucose and acetate) and nutrients (N and P) to test their effects during red maple litter decomposition within four forested and four pasture agriculture streams in the Point Remove catchment, Arkansas. We deployed nutrient‐diffusing substrates (NDS) containing litter and either agar, agar + labile C, agar + NP, or agar + CNP for 20 days and measured microbial biomass and metabolism, and detrital mass loss. Additionally, we fed litter to Tipula sp. to assess shifts in consumption and egestion rates.

Both microbial heterotrophs and autotrophs responded to NDS manipulations, but not land use. Heterotrophic microbes showed evidence of nutrient limitation and negative priming, while algal biomass was negatively associated with heterotrophs. Tipula consumption and egestion rates were both elevated when feeding on litter incubated in agriculture streams, but only egestion responded to NDS manipulations, suggesting a change in assimilation efficiencies.

Cumulatively, we suggest that altered stream conditions, such as those resulting from land‐use change, can alter food webs and detritivore feeding more heavily than microbial interactions during litter decomposition in stream ecosystems. These results add to the literature demonstrating shifts in autotroph–heterotroph interactions with anthropogenic nutrient pollution, and the implications for detritivore feeding and overall C cycling in streams.
Understanding the performance of universities to promote technological innovation and transformation: An application to China based on a new network data envelopment analysis cross‐efficiency model
Authors: Sun Yaotian , Zhang Ruchuan , Hu Liqi , Li Aijun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen evaluating the performance of Research and Development (R&D) and Scientific and Technological (S&T) transformation activities in universities, the existing studies do not contain prior strategy analysis and inequality analysis. In this regard, prior strategy reflects the relative attention paid by universities to R&D and S&T transformation activities, while inequality analysis assists us in better understanding technological inequality in efficiency across universities. Additionally, this study contributes to the existing literatures by proposing new concepts of window‐based cross‐efficiency, window‐based relative weights and a network Data Envelopment Analysis model. Our framework is able to evaluate the efficiency, perform priority analysis and identify the sources of technological inequality. Empirically, this study focuses on universities in Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2019. This study is of high policy practice, since it provides policy makers with how each university has performed during the examined period and what are the underling factors driving efficiency changes.
Nursing students' perceived stress, social support, self‐efficacy, resilience, mindfulness and psychological well‐being: A structural equation model
Authors: Berdida Daniel Joseph E. , Lopez Violeta , Grande Rizal Angelo N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNursing students' stress, protective factors (e.g. resilience, social support, mindfulness and self‐efficacy) and psychological well‐being (PWB) have been well reported in the literature. However, the interactions of these variables were scarcely examined in the latter part of the COVID‐19 pandemic and in the context of a developing country. This cross‐sectional correlational study complying with STROBE guidelines tested a hypothetical model of the interrelationships of nursing students' stress, protective factors and PWB using structural equation modelling (SEM). Nursing students (n = 776) from five nursing schools in the Philippines were conveniently recruited from September 2022 to January 2023. Six validated self‐report scales (Perceived Stress Scale, Multi‐dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Generalized Self‐Efficacy Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Psychological Wellbeing Scale) were used to collect data. SEM, mediation analyses and path analyses were used for data analysis. The emerging model demonstrated acceptable model fit parameters. Stress negatively impacted protective factors, while all the protective factors positively influenced PWB. Social support mediated the influence of stress on resilience, mindfulness and PWB. Resilience is a significant mediator of stress, self‐efficacy, social support and PWB. Mindfulness mediated the influence of stress, social support and self‐efficacy on PWB. Finally, self‐efficacy had a mediating role between resilience and mindfulness. Nursing institutions and nurse educators can use the proposed model as their basis for empirical and theoretical evidence in creating programmes that will strengthen nursing students' protective factors, thus reducing stress while improving PWB and learning outcomes.