bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic correlation and immune characteristics of a TAM cluster- related 8-gene risk signature in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Miao Shichen , Bian Chengyu , Wang Shanshan , You Huan , Zhou Yi , Fang Jun , Ni Qichao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a critical role in the progression of and immune response to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study aimed to explore the features of TAMs in TNBCs, construct a risk signature associated with TAM clusters, and verify their relationship with prognosis and immune-related characteristics. Primarily, we selected four TAM clusters and determined the prognosis-related clusters in TNBC based on single-cell RNA sequencing data. Subsequently, TAM-related prognostic genes were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis and an 8-genes risk signature was constructed by LASSO regression. The analysis of immune characteristics showed a significant association between the gene signature and stromal and immune scores as well as immune cells. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk signature was an independent prognostic factor for TNBC, and confirmed its predictive value for immunotherapeutic outcomes. The newly constructed nomogram integrating stage and TAM-based risk signatures exhibited favorable predictability and reliability for TNBC prognosis prediction. Finally, the increased expression of GPR34, one of the eight hub genes, was explored in TNBC using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Our study may allow discovering new independent prognostic factors, updating immunotherapeutic methods, and identifying effective therapeutic targets for TNBC.
Maximizing solar radiations of PV panels using artificial gorilla troops reinforced by experimental investigations
Authors: Abdelaal Ashraf K. , Alhamahmy Amira I. A. , Attia Hossam El Deen , El-Fergany Attia A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The aim of this work is to maximize the solar radiations (SRs) by computing the optimal tilt angle (OTA) of photovoltaic (PV) panels by using gorilla troop algorithm (GTA) along with an experimental work that consists of three PV panels rated 100 W inclined at three different tilt angles (TAs). The three TAs are 28o, 30o, and 50o. These TAs are selected based on experience and after huge simulations and physical trials. The experimental data are recorded daily for a period of 181 days and the data showed that the TA of 28o is better than that at 50o and 30. The GTA computed the OTA as 28.445o which is in agree with that obtained from the experimental investigations that has a TA of 28o. The SR of the 28o TA is higher than that of the 50o TA by 59.3% and better than the TA of 30o by 4.5%. For the sake of comparison with the GTA with other 8 metaheuristic (MHTs) recent techniques are used to find the best OTA. Most of the 8 MHTs computed the OTA as 28.445o which is the same as computed from the GTA and matches that obtained from the experimental work has a value of 28o. The experimental recorded SR difference between the 28o TA and the 50o TA was 159.3% in only 181 days which signifies the importance of having correct TA for the PV tracker.
Characterization of optimal optogenetic stimulation paradigms to evoke calcium events in cortical astrocytes
Authors: Balachandar Lakshmini , Moncion Carolina , Diaz Jorge Riera 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Understanding the roles of astrocytic calcium signaling in multiple brain regulatory mechanisms including metabolism, blood flow, neuromodulation and neuroinflammation has remained one of the enduring challenges in glial biology. To delineate astrocytic contribution from concurrent neuronal activity, it is vital to establish robust control and manipulate astrocytes using a technique like optogenetics due to its high cellular specificity and temporal resolution. Lack of an experimental paradigm to induce controlled calcium signaling in astrocytes has hindered progress in the field. To address this, in this study, we systematically characterize and identify light stimulation paradigms for inducing regulated, on-demand increases in astrocytic calcium in cortical astrocytes in MlC1-ChR2(C128S)-EYFP mice. We identified paradigms 20%, 40% and 60% (of T = 100s) to elicit robust calcium responses upon multiple stimulations, while the 95% paradigm exhibited a response only during the first stimulation. We also quantified several parameters, including peak height, Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM), and latencies, and observe that the 20% paradigm has the highest peak ΔF/F0 among the paradigms across all stimulations and the lowest FWHM during the first stimulation. Overall, the 20% paradigm is a favorable choice for eliciting robust astrocytic calcium responses in astrocytes while performing multiple stimulations.
Evidence for genetic causality between iron homeostasis and Parkinson's disease a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Hong , Wang Xie , Chang Ze , Zhang Juan , Xie Daojun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The specific etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, is still unclear, and it is currently believed that its main pathological basis is a decrease in dopamine concentration in the striatum of the brain.Although many previous studies have suggested that iron, as an important nutrient, is involved in the development of PD, there has been a lack of validated genetic evidence on whether there is a causal association between iron homeostasis indices (ferritin, serum iron, TIBC, and TSAT) and PD.
Methods
We used Mendelian randomization (MR) as an analytical method to efficiently assess the genetic association of exposure and outcome, based on the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) data so far, for the causal association between iron homeostasis indicators and Parkinson's disease, controlling for confounders, by using genetic instrumental variables, that is, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are randomly assigned and are not subject to any causative effect.
Results
By coordinated analysis of 86 SNPs associated with iron homeostasis markers and 12,858,066 SNPs associated with PD, a total of 56 SNPs were finally screened for genome-wide significance of iron homeostasis associated with Parkinson's disease.The results of the IVW analysis suggested that total iron binding capacity ( β= -0.142; 95%Cl = -0.197 to 0.481; P = 0.4138421 ), transferrin saturation ( β= -0.316 ; 95%Cl = -0.861 to 0.229; P = 0.2553290 ), ferritin ( β= -0.387 ; 95%Cl = -1.179 to 0.405; P = 0.33783807 ) were not genetically causally associated with PD, iron ( β= -0.524; 95%Cl = -0.046 to -0.002; P = 0.03191512 ) was considered to have genetic causality with PD. Cochran's Q test for MR-IVW suggested that TIBC ( P = 0.1618872), TSAT ( P = 0.7099448), ferritin ( P = 0.09768154), iron ( P = 0.8557510) were not heterogeneous with the results of Mr analysis of PD. MR-PRESSO global test showed that TIBC ( P = 0.404), TSAT ( P = 0.759), ferritin ( P = 0.113), iron ( P = 0.87 ) were not detected the presence of horizontal pleiotropy.
Conclusion
Our study found that of the four iron homeostasis markers, TIBC, TSAT, and ferritin were not genetically causally associated with PD, whereas there was a genetically causal association between serum iron and PD, and the increase of serum iron level may reduce the risk of PD.
Modeling subcellular specificity in the developing retina
Authors: Perez Ross , Park Yong , Hirano Arlene , Brecha Nicholas , Frankfort Benjamin , Zuniga-Sanchez Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The precise wiring of the nervous system relies on neurons extending their processes at the right time and place to find their appropriate synaptic partner. The mechanisms that determine when and where neurons extend their neurites during synaptogenesis remains a central question in the field. In the present study, we developed a cell culture system coupled with live imaging to investigate the wiring mechanisms in the developing nervous system. We focused on horizontal cells which are interneurons in the mammalian outer retina known to synapse selectively to distinct photoreceptors. Our data shows cultured horizontal cells extend neurites in a similar manner as in vivo with horizontal cells isolated from young mice extending more complex processes compared to those from adult retinas. In addition, horizontal cells cultured alone do not extend neurites and require other retinal cells for neurite extension suggesting that there must be extrinsic cues that promote neurite outgrowth. Moreover, these extrinsic cues do not appear to be solely secreted factors as supernatant from wild-type retinas is not sufficient to promote neurite outgrowth. In summary, we established a new system that can be used to decipher the mechanisms involved in neuronal wiring of the developing central nervous system.
Accounting for albedo to identify climate positive tree cover restoration
Authors: Hasler Natalia , Williams Christopher , Denney Vanessa Carrasco , Ellis Peter , Shrestha Surendra , Hart Drew Terasaki , Wolff Nicholas , Yeo Samantha , Crowther Thomas , Werden Leland , Cook-Patton Susan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Restoring tree cover is a prominent natural climate solution1–3, but can decrease albedo and lead to global warming in some places4–10. Existing assessments of the mitigation potential from restoring tree cover 2,3,11,12 poorly account for albedo due to a lack of spatial data. Here we produce a global 500-m map that incorporates albedo and maximum carbon storage to quantify the net climate impact (CO2e) of restoring tree cover. We find that albedo offsets some of the carbon storage benefit across most of the globe. Contrary to prior work, albedo is not of greatest concern in boreal forests. Rather, arid biomes have a greater proportion of net negative climate areas (e.g., 61% in temperate savanna versus 10% in boreal forests). Accounting for albedo across previously published opportunity maps reduces total maximum CO2e by up to 37%. However, the magnitude of the offset varies substantially across the landscape, highlighting the importance of spatially refined estimates. Encouragingly, on-the-ground projects to restore tree cover are concentrated in climate-positive areas, but the majority (64%) still face a minimum 10% albedo offset. Thus, strategically deploying restoration of tree cover for maximum climate benefit requires accounting for albedo, and the maps herein facilitate this.
Effect of xylo-oligosaccharide on in vitro proliferation of lactic acid bacteria from rabbits
Authors: Guo Hai-ying , Yang Jian-xia , Gong Gui-zhen , Zeng Lin-zhi , Zhu Yuan-ting , Wang Yi-xin , Chen Lan-yue , Chen Yang , Zuo Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the impact of xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) on the in vitro proliferation of ninety-four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains derived from the rabbit gut. LAB strains with a strong capability to utilize XOS were identified. The molecular mechanisms of XOS metabolism by LAB strains and their probiotic characteristics were investigated based on whole genome sequencing and phenotypic analysis. The results revealed that XOS efficiently promoted the proliferation of thirty-four LAB strains (36.2%, 34/94), among which Lactobacillus sp. YT155 exhibited remarkable XOS metabolism. The genomic sequence of strain YT155 revealed two gene clusters, namely xylABCPRT and xylCFGHT, which were predicted to be associated with XOS consumption. Moreover, strain YT155 displayed excellent tolerance to various conditions, including temperatures ranging from 37℃ to 50℃, pH levels from 5.0 to 10.0, salinity levels from 2–6%, and exposure to gastric and intestinal fluids. Lactobacillus sp. YT155 demonstrated strong antagonistic capabilities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, along with a high antioxidant ability, as evidenced by DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging rates of 100.39% ± 1.82% and 34.09% ± 1.57%, respectively. Furthermore, strain YT155 exhibited sensitivity to nine commonly used antibiotics and was devoid of transferable resistance genes. Collectively, XOS emerges as a promising prebiotic for rabbit farming, promoting the proliferation of intestinal beneficial microbes. Lactobacillus sp. YT155, with its proficiency in XOS metabolism and excellent probiotic characteristics, holds potential for syngistic applications with XOS as a synbiotic for the prevention of rabbit diarrhea.
Serial Changes in Diffusion Tensor Imaging Metrics and Therapeutic Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Post-traumatic Headache and Depression: A Case Report
Authors: Yun Young-Ji , Kim Gi-Wook 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: Post-traumatic headache is a common symptom of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This case study reports the therapeutic effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in mTBI patient with headache and depression through objective serial changes of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
Case presentation: The 51-year-old man complained of a headache despite conventional treatment for 13 months. We applied 15 times rTMS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We checked the pain and depression through numeric rating scale (NRS) and Beck depression inventory (BDI) when admission, discharged, and 1 month after discharge. DTI was performed 3 times; before, during-day of rTMS 6th stimulation, and after-day of rTMS 15th stimulation. Then the reconstructed white matter related to pain and depression was obtained. NRS and BDI showed significant improvement and it was maintained one year after discharge. DTI-based metrics of the white matters related to pain and depression gradually increased before - during - after rTMS.
Conclusions: Studies focused on examining changes in pain, depression and DTI-based metrics of white matter are rare. This case is significant in that not only pain and depression improved after the rTMS, but also serial changes in white matter were observed in DTI.
Timing and sequence of permanent tooth emergence in Hungarian children
Authors: Kapusi-Papp Zsuzsa , Máth János , Nemes Judit Ágnes 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to provide new population-specific standards for permanent tooth emergence in a large sample of Hungarian children.
Materials and methods
In this cross-sectional survey records of students from 8 randomly selected elementary schools and 2 kindergartens were examined. Data obtained from 2948 children (1487 boys and 1461 girls), aged between 4 and 15 years, were analyzed statistically. Probit regression analysis was used to calculate medians and percentiles of emergence ages for each tooth except 3rd molars for boys, girls and for the total sample.
Results
Permanent teeth were found to emerge earlier in girls than in boys. The difference was statistically significant for all teeth, except the mandibular central incisor. The greatest difference was observed in the case of mandibular canines. The emergence of mandibular teeth preceded maxillary ones, except premolars. No statistically significant differences were found between the right and left sides. The emergence sequence of permanent teeth was different for the two sexes.
Conclusions
This is the first time we report data on the eruption of permanent teeth from Hungary. The findings of this survey seem to correspond to earlier studies performed in Caucasian child populations. We experienced deviations compared to international standards.
Clinical relevance:
The population-specific data reported in this paper can serve as standards in paediatric dentistry, orthodontics and forensic age estimation when assessing permanent tooth emergence in Hungarian children.
Genome-wide identification, gene cloning, subcellular location and expression analysis of the OPR gene family under salt stress in sweetpotato
Authors: Li Wenxing , Li Yongping , Xu Yuan , Kumar Sunjeet , Liu Yi , Zhu Guopeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase (OPR) enzyme is crucial for the synthesis of jasmonates (JAs) and is involved in the plant stress response. However, the OPR gene family in sweetpotato, an important horticultural crop, remains unidentified.
Results
In this study, we employed bioinformatics techniques to identify nine IbOPR genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes could be divided into Group I and Group II. Synteny analysis indicated that IbOPR evolution was driven by tandem duplication, whole-genome duplication (WGD), and segmental duplication events. The promoter sequences of IbOPRs were found to be associated with stress and hormonal responses. Additionally, we successfully cloned four IbOPRs from "Haida HD7791" and "Haida HD7798" using homologous cloning technology. These sequences were 1203 bp, 1200 bp, 1134 bp, and 1137 bp in length and encoded 400, 399, 377, and 378 amino acids, respectively. The protein sequence similarity between the salt-tolerant variety "Haida HD7791" and the salt-sensitive variety "Haida HD7798" was determined to be 96.75% for IbOPR2, 99.75% for IbOPR3, 92.06% for IbOPR6, and 98.68% for IbOPR7. Phylogenetic analysis categorized IbOPR2 and IbOPR3 proteins into Group II, while IbOPR6 and IbOPR7 proteins belonged to Group I. Subcellular localization experiments showed IbOPR2 present in the peroxisome, while IbOPR3, IbOPR6, and IbOPR7 proteins were found in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Salt stress induction experiments demonstrated that IbOPR2, IbOPR3, and IbOPR7 were significantly upregulated only in 'Haida HD7791' after 6 hours. In contrast, IbOPR6 was induced in 'Haida HD7798' at 6 hours but inhibited in 'Haida HD7791' at later time points (12, 24, 48, and 72 hours), highlighting functional differences in salt stress responses.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that IbOPR2 may play a crucial role in sweetpotato's response to salt stress by participating in JAs synthesis. These results provide a foundation for future functional analyses of OPR genes in sweetpotato.
Altered Gravity Effects on Growth and Morphology of Wolffia globosa: Implications for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems and Space-based Agriculture
Authors: Romano Leone Ermes , Loon Jack J.W.A. , Izzo Luigi Gennaro , Iovane Maurizio , Aronne Giovanna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Understanding the response of plants to varied gravitational conditions is vital for developing effective food production in space bioregenerative life support systems. This study examines the impact of altered gravity conditions on the growth and morphological responses of Wolffia globosa, assessing its potential as a space crop. Although an experiment testing the effect of simulated microgravity on Wolffia globosa has been previously conducted, for the first time, we investigated the effect of multiple gravity levels on the growth and morphological traits of Wolffia globosa plants. The plant responses to simulated microgravity, simulated partial gravity (Moon), and hypergravity environments were evaluated using random positioning machines and the large-diameter centrifuge.
As hypothesised, a slight reaction to different gravitational levels was observed in the growth and morphological traits of Wolffia globosa. The relative growth rates (RGR) of plants subjected to simulated microgravity and partial gravity were reduced when compared to those in other gravity levels. The morphological analysis revealed differences in plant dimensions and frond length-to-width ratios under diverse gravity conditions.
Our findings showed that Wolffia globosa is responsive to gravitational changes, its growth and morphological adaptations being slightly influenced by varying gravitational environments. As for other crop species, growth was reduced by the microgravity conditions; however, RGR remained substantial at 33%/day.
In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of Wolffia globosa as a space crop and its adaptability to diverse gravitational conditions, contributing to the development of sustainable food production and bioregenerative life support systems for future space exploration missions.
Passive Treatment of Wastewater Generated During the Enrichment of Potash Ores
Authors: Glushankova Irina , Rudakova Larisa , Khayrulina Elena , Bogush Anna , Perevoshchikova Anna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Large amount of solid and liquid waste is a serious issue associated with potash mining and processing. Potash ore enrichment generates solid halite waste, clay-salt slurry, and industrial wastewater with a high content of water-soluble salts. The «environmentally friendly» storage of such waste is a difficult technological issue. Highly mineralised water is stored on the surface and discharged into slurry storage, while some of the effluent is recycled during the production process. Over the long period of slurry storage operation at the Verknekamskoe Potash Deposit, water filtration through the dam and the slurry storage base has created a stable flow of highly mineralised water into the surface water and groundwater. The slurry storage facilities that are currently in use cannot completely fulfil the protective environmental functions. This study provides scientific rationale for the potential use of slurry reservoirs as wastewater treatment facilities. The findings show that there are fewer suspended solids in clarified water: purification efficiency is greater than 99.9%. In the clarified circulating brine, the content of mineral impurities is reduced: the content of chloride ions decreases by 46%, and the content of dry residue decreases by 45.6%. Based on the findings, the study provides recommendations for the construction and new design of a slurry storage that can be used as a treatment facility on the territory of the Verkhnekamskoe Potash Deposit in order to reduce the negative environmental impact.
Corrosion Behaviors of Ni-Cr Alloys in O2 , H2O and H2O+O2 Gases at 700°C and the Effect of Temperature
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Jiang Chengyang , Zhang Jianqiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pure nickel and four binary Ni-Cr (5, 10, 20 and 30 wt%) alloys were exposed to Ar-20O2, Ar-20O2-20H2O and Ar-20H2O (vol.%) at 700°C. In dry/wet O2, three Ni-Cr alloys (5, 10 and 20 wt%) formed a three-layered structure: an external NiO layer, an inner oxide layer of NiO + Cr2O3 and an internal oxidation zone (IOZ) with Cr2O3 dispersed. The Ni-30Cr alloy formed a continuous chromia layer, with locally outer NiO islands. In pure water vapor, all alloys underwent internal oxidation, nickel metal expulsion and NiO formation. Compared with the results at 650°C, increasing the temperature to 700°C did not alter the morphology of the oxide scale, but enhanced the scale growth kinetics. A significant difference between these two temperatures was that the strong retarding effect of water vapor on NiO formation in oxygen at 650°C became insignificant at 700°C. However, in water vapor only condition, NiO formation remained much slower at both temperatures. The effects of water vapor and oxygen partial pressure on NiO formation of different alloys and the effect of temperature on scale growth kinetics and morphology were discussed.