bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation on the Psychological Changes in Post Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Osman Abdishakur Abdulkadir , Saleh Ayman , khorsheed Hazem , Etraby Shahab , Habiby Mohamoud El 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the effect of cardiac rehabilitation on the psychological changes in post myocardial infarction (MI) patients.

Background
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a acceptable treatment strategy adding to the basic medical plan for the patients with coronary artery disease.

Subjects and methods
A prospective study that was conducted on 60 myocardial infarction patients and they were subdivided into 2 groups; group 1 included 30 myocardial infarction patients who underwent cardiac rehablitation and group 2: included 30 myocardial infarction patients who didn’t undergo cardiac rehablitation. All the included subjects underwent full history taking, full examination and echocradiography and psychological evaluation tests (state–trait anxiety inventory (STAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI) and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS)), before and after cardiac rehablitation.

Results
Comparison between the 2 groups regarding cardiac changes on follows up, there was significant difference between 2 groups regarding Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), Left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and ejection fraction (EF) (P-value = 0.0001, 0.0082 & 0.0261). Comparison between the 2 groups regarding psychiatric changes on follows up revealed that there was significant difference as regard STAI, BDI and HADS (P-value = 0.0001, 0.0.0001 & 0.0001).

Conclusion
Cardiac rehabilitation in post-MI patients could have beneficial effects on cardiac function without adversely affecting LV remodeling or causing serious cardiac complications. Participating in a cardiac rehablitation beneficially contributed to a decrease in depression and anxiety manifestations in post-MI patients.

Abbreviations
A-state: State-anxiety A-trait, Trait-anxiety; BDI: Beck depression inventory; BP: Blood pressure; CAD: Coronary artery disease; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HF: Heart failure; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; MI: Myocardial infarction; STAI: State–trait anxiety inventory
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Mean Platelet Volume in Predicting Coronary No-Reflow in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Eltelawy Ahmed , Othman khaled Said , Fakhry Hany Mohamed , El Etriby Shehab Adel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
This study was designed to investigate the role of neutrophil-to- lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume in predicting coronary no-reflow in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objectives
knows the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume in predicting coronary no-reflow in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Patients and Methods
The patients were divided into 2 groups according to TIMI flow grades after primary PCI. 50 patients with TIMI flow grade 3 formed (reflow group) and 50 patients with TIMI flow grades 0-2 formed (no reflow group).

Results
Cases which manipulated with post stent dilatation in no reflow group were significantly higher than in the reflow group (P = 0.028). EF by M mode was significantly lower in the no reflow group cases compared to those of reflow group (P = 0.040). Absolute lymphocytes were significantly higher in the no reflow group cases compared to those of reflow group (P = 0.001). Neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio were significantly higher in the no reflow group cases compared to those of reflow group (P = 0.011). MPV was significantly higher in the no reflow group cases compared to those of reflow group (P = 0.001). Hb level was significantly higher in the no reflow group cases compared to those of reflow group (P = 0.005). Mean platelet volume and Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio are considered a promising positive predictors of no-reflow phenomenon after primary PCI.

Conclusion
Mean platelet volume is considered as a promising positive predictor of no-reflow phenomenon after primary PCI. Post stent dilatation and EF by M mode are new independent factors for predicting no-reflow phenomenon in patients 1 undergoing PPCI. Neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio has a role in predicting no reflow phenomenon in patients undergoing PPCI.
Impact of Right Ventricle Lead Position on Left Ventricular Function in Permanent Single and Dual Chamber Pacemakers
Authors: Hawass Ahmed N , Ramadan Ahmed Y , Ali Ahmed N , Tamara Ahmed M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim and objectives
To identify the short term effect of the pacemaker RV lead position related electric remodeling on LV systolic function

Patients and Methods
The study included 30 patients who presented with an indication of permanent pacing to the cardiology department of Ain Shams university hospitals and underwent permanent single or dual-chamber pacemaker insertion, 15 patients each with right ventricular (RV) apical pacing (RV apex), and 15 patients nonapical pacing (mid septal). 2D speckle tracking imaging technique was used for quantification of global longitudinal function of the left ventricle and dyssynchrony evaluation before pacemaker implantation and after a 3-month follow-up.

Results
2D speckle tracking echocardiography 3 months follow up post pacing revealed impairment of global longitudinal strain in all patients and Intraventricular dyssynchrony was significantly more in apical location compared to a non-apical location (radial dyssynchrony: 108.67 ± 11.68 msec vs. 80.53 ± 8.17 msec, p-value &lt; 0.001) with more difference (50.53 ± 13.30 msec) in apical location compared to non-apical location difference (29.87 ± 6.64 msec), p-value &lt; 0.001.

Conclusion
By the analysis of 2D speckle tracking echocardiography, In the short-term follow-up, we found that radial dyssynchrony was more in apical location when compared to the non-apical location of RV lead. The RV septal pacing is a better alternative in terms of less dyssynchrony compared to RV apical pacing. Older age, the higher percentage of pacing, and device type are prognostic factors for the development of pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy.
Assessment of Left Ventricular Function Using Two- And Three-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography among Healthy Egyptian Pediatric-Aged Children
Authors: Taalab Hany Nazmy , Sayegh Aya Tarek El , kamel Heba Mohamed , Attia Hebatalla 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Accurate measurements of left ventricular volumes and function are important in the management of patients with various cardiac abnormalities. Speckle tracking echocardiography has shown to be accurate in detecting subclinical myocardial dysfunction when most of the conventional echocardiograph parameters were normal or reported inconsistent results

Aim of the Study
To establish normal values for the LV systolic function among healthy Egyptian pediatric population using 2D and 3D speckle tracking Echocardiography.

Patients and Methods
the study included 200 subjects who attended cardiology department Ain Shams University for elective echocardiology below 6 years of age with unremarkable history and no chronic illness affecting LV function with normal 2D echocardiography.

Results
The study involved 200 subjects with age ranged from 0.1 to 5.9 years and its mean was 3.8±1.5 years. 104 were males representing 52% of subjects of the study while females were 96 representing 48%. Their weight ranged from 3.5 to 28 Kg and its mean was 17.14±4.9 Kg. Their height ranged from 0.11 to 1.24 M and its mean was 1.012±0.178 M. Body surface area ranged from 0.22 to 1.1 Kg/m2 and its mean was 0.695±0.151 Kg/m2.
Regarding the 2D speckle tracking parameters: longitudinal strain ranged from -18.6% to -24.6% with its mean was -21.314±1.57%. Circumferential strain was from -16.7% to 23.4% and its mean -19.02±1.23%. And radial strain ranged from 36.4% to 52.6% with mean 42.392±2.794%.
Regarding the 3D speckle tracking data: longitudinal strain ranged from -17% to -30% with its mean was -20.73±2.039%. Circumferential strain was from -11% to -21% with its mean -13.259±4.670%. And radial strain ranged from 41% to 61% with its mean 47.511±4.82%.
Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Right Ventricular Function after Acute Inferior Wall Myocardial infarction
Authors: Salem Hazem S E , Kadry Ahmed , Khorshid Hazem , Dayem Khairy A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim and objectives
To assess the role of cardiac rehabilitation on right ventricular (RV) functional recovery by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in a cohort of patients with successful reperfusion after the first episode of acute inferior myocardial infarction (MI) associated with RV infarction.

Patients and Methods
Fifty patients who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after inferior MI mainly associated with ECG criteria of RV infarction were prospectively included (56.08 ± 10.79 years, 40 Men). Twenty-five patients started an exercisebased cardiac rehabilitation (exCR) program after 2-4 weeks of discharge; another twenty-five patients, who were taken as the control group, received the usual care but didn’t participate in the cardiac rehabilitation program. Both groups received guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). Echocardiography (including 2D STE and conventional parameters for assessment of RV systolic function ) was performed at baseline, and after a 3-month follow-up for all patients. High levels of strain impairment were observed in both groups at baseline. All parameters improved at 3-month follow-up compared to baseline. Nevertheless, RV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and free wall strain (FWS) improved significantly for patients who completed the cardiac rehabilitation program compared to the control group.

Conclusion
Cardiac rehabilitation is effective in improving RV strain parameters in patients who developed acute inferior MI associated with RV infarction. Future studies should directly assess the prognostic significance of STE measures of RV function in this population.
Predictors of Intracoronary Heavy Thrombus Burden in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary PCI within 12 Hours from Chest Pain Onset
Authors: Sobhy Besada Kerolos , Zahwy Sherif Samir El , Arab Tamer Mohamed Abu , Bastawy Islam Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) comprises approximately 25-40% of myocardial infarction (MI) presentation. The pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is rupture or erosion of the fibrous cap overlying lipid rich plaques within the arterial tree. This event exposes pro-inflammatory substances, ultimately resulting in platelet aggregation and formation of obstructive thrombus.

Aim of the Work
Identify predictors of heavy thrombus burden in patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 12 hours from onset of chest pain.

Patients and Methods
Our study included 200 consecutive patients who presented with STEMI and were managed by primary PCI within 12 hours from onset of chest pain. All patients were subjected to thorough history taking ] e.g. Age, HTN, family history of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and pain to balloon time [, clinical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), biochemical biomarkers, PCI and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).

Results
Our study showed that there was significant positive correlation between grading of thrombus burden with age (rho = 0.165; P = 0.020), HTN (rho = 0.143; P = 0.043), number of risk factors (rho = 0.253; P &lt; 0.001), Killip classification (rho = 0.211; P = 0.003), pain to balloon time (rho = 0.453; P &lt; 0.001), ST elevation score (rho = 0.185; P = 0.009), RDW (rho = 0.878; P &lt; 0.001), TLC (rho = 0.445; P &lt; 0.001), troponin (rho = 0.600; P &lt; 0.001), CK-MB (rho = 0.661; P &lt; 0.001) and CPK(rho = 0.533; P &lt; 0.001) and N/L ratio (rho=0.563 ; P = &lt;0.001) also, there was significant negative correlation between grading of thrombus burden with EF (rho = -0.397; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
There was significant positive correlation between age, number of cardiovascular risk factor, pain to balloon time, Killip classification, RDW, TLC, N/L ratio and grading of thrombus burden. Only pain to balloon and RDW were considered as independent predictors of heavy thrombus burden
Evaluation of Radiation Exposure and Image Quality in Congenital Catheterization Laboratory; A Single Centre Comparative Study Using Different Acquisition Modes
Authors: Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed Abd El-Hamid , RazekEsmail Yasmin Abdel , Zaky Amr Mansour Mohamed , Samir EL-Shahed Ghada 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The exposure to ionizing radiation delivered during the catheterization procedures has various negative biological effects to the patient, so concern has risen sharply about radiation hazards over the past decade.While angiography imaging system vendors have all made great strides with new technologies that reduce the amount of x-rays needed while maintaining excellent image quality, the procedures have become more complex, lasting longer and require more imaging than standard procedures.

Aim of the Work
To study the effect of lowering radiation dose by using a fluoro angiography on image quality in pediatric cardiac catheterization.

Patients and Methods
We studied 90 patients who underwent cardiac cath. for CHD at Ain Shams University hospital. Patients were randomized into three groups according to mode of acquisition used in procedure (fluro angiography only–cine angiography only–mixed). Radiation indices were measured, also image quality questionnaire was filled by operators after each procedure.

Results
statistically significant difference between three modalities of acquisition as regard the radiation indices (DAP, total air kemra, fluoroscopy time) with p value &lt;0.005. While operators satisfaction with image was nearly the same in the three groups with median score 68.5 (p value 0.681).

Conclusion
Based on the results of the current study it can be concluded that: Mixed imaging acquisition had highest radiation exposure indices in comparison with other two acquisition modalities (fluro angiography only – cine angiography only), with statistically significant difference with fluro only mode (p value &lt;0.005), and no statistically significant deference with cine only mode. Complexity of the procedures & increased the cath. lab machine imaging protocol to 30 fps and repeat the same injection in the cine mode after fluro mode were the most important factors that made mixed acquisition had the highest radiation indices and exposure. Image quality and operators satisfaction were nearly the same in three acquisition modes (fluro-cine-mixed) with median image score 68.5 (p value 0.681), in expense of more radiation exposure in mixed mode. Increase operators awareness to radiation and continuous monitoring of radiation exposure with application of ALARA principles is important to reduce radiation exposure.
Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Induced by Ivabradine in Correlation with Left Atrial Size
Authors: Ibrahim Mahmoud Mahmoud Ali , Sallam Walid Mohamed , Khorshid Hazem Mohamed , Tamara Ahmed Fathy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Ivabradine (Procoralan, Servier) is a heart rate lowering drug which acts by specifically inhibiting the pacemaker If current, which causes spontaneous depolarization in the sino-atrial node that regulates the heart rate.

Objective
To correlate Left atrial size with development of AF in patients treated with ivabradine over a 12 week period.

Patients and Methods
Our study was conducted upon 180 patients referred to Ain Shams University Hospital and Misr University for Science and Technology hospital, from September 2020 to February 2021 to undergo treatment for HF or IHD with the appropriate medications with AF being the primary outcome of interest and how it correlates with Ivabradine therapy.

Results
Our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of AF (p = 0.587). Likewise, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding duration till AF at 1st month, 2nd month and 3rd month (p &gt; 0.05). This could be explained by the lower number of patients included in the study as compared to other similar studies. When the entire patient population who developed AF was pooled regardless of their Ivabradine use, there was a statistically significant increase in AF incidence with larger left atrial volume indices.

Conclusion
In the present study, Ivabradine treatment was not associated with a higher incidence of AF in patients with heart failure and/or ischemic heart disease. Also, there was no significant difference in the duration until AF occurrence when it was evaluated at the end of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months. Higher LAVI was associated with a higher incidence of AF in the total studied patient population regardless of Ivabradine use.
Correlation between Global Longitudinal and Circumferential Peak Systolic Strain and Coronary Artery Disease Severity as Assessed by the Angiographically Derived SYNTAX Score
Authors: Helmy Marian I , Bastawy Islam M , Esmail Yasmin A , Onsy Ahmed M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim and objectives
the main objective of the current study is to assess the correlation between the SYNTAX score in patients undergoing elective coronary angiography and the longitudinal and circumferential peak systolic strain performed at rest by speckle tracking echocardiography to predict the presence, extent and severity of coronary artery disease.

Patients and Methods
The study included 60 patients suspected to have coronary artery disease either by symptoms or done a positive non-invasive test for myocardial ischemia with no history of previous ischemia and no previously detected segmental wall motion abnormalities in previous resting echocardiogram. All patients were recruited from the catheter laboratory at the cardiology department of Ain Shams university hospitals and they underwent echocardiographic assessment before elective coronary angiography.

Results
The study included 60 symptomatic patients suspected to have chronic coronary syndrome aging 31 to 77 years (excluding those with significant structural heart disease). All patients underwent clinical evaluation, surface electrocardiogram, transthoracic echocardiographic, twodimensional speckle tracking, and conventional coronary angiography with SYNTAX score calculation. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the results of the coronary angiogram: normal CAD on angiogram (n = 12), low SS (n = 28, SS &lt; 22), and high SS (n = 20, SS ≥ 22). Age, sex and most of the risk factors had no statistically significant correlation with the SYNTAX score while There was a significant inverse correlation between GLPSS and GCPSS and SS values (r = 0.458, P = 0.0002), (r = 0.411, P = 0.0011) respectively.

Conclusion
The results of our study suggest that GLPSS and GCPSS might be promising for the detection of patients with high SYNTAX score on coronary angiogram. There is an inverse correlation between resting GLPSS and GCPSS and SYNTAX score as assessed by coronary angiography.
Myocardial Safety Following COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Barsoum Mina M , Karim Khaled , William Viola , Thabet Sameh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Aim
Vaccination is a well-established part of preventive and public health medicine, but is not without risk. COVID-19 vaccination frequently leads to minor side-effects, for example pain, swelling and redness at the site of injection, and systemic symptoms of fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills and fever; side effects after the second dose may be more intense than the first dose. Among the vaccines, more serious side effects have been reported, including myocarditis. This study was aimed to detect any evidence of myocardial damage after COVID-19 vaccination.

Subjects and methods
We selected 150 subjects (both sexes) randomized into two groups as 75 patients who are fully vaccinated with AstraZeneca vaccine (two doses) the study was conducted at least after two weeks from the second dose of the vaccine and 75 patients who are not vaccinated.

Results
This study was carried on 150 patients, 52 (34.7%) of whom were females, and 98 (65.3%) were males. The mean age of the studied group was (34 years old). The LVEDV (indexed) mean of 45.08 ml/m2 in the cases group and 43.8 ml/m2 in the control group. The EF mean of 63.2% in the cases group and 62.9% in the control group. And the GLS median of -19% in the cases group and -19% in the control group.

Conclusion
COVID-19 vaccination has no evidence association of any myocardial damage. Nevertheless, the advantages of these vaccines for ending the pandemic and/or decreasing the mortality rate outweigh any risk for the rare cardiovascular complications.
Predictors of Reintervention in Infants with Severe Pulmonary Stenosis Undergoing Balloon Pulmonary Valvuloplasty
Authors: Zakaria Mohamed , Elsayed Maiy H , Attia Hebattallah M , Esmail Yasmin Abdel Razek 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty is the treatment of choice for patients with moderate to severe pulmonary valve stenosis. The procedure is not free of complications and there is still a significant rate of reintervention.

Objective
Describe the short and midterm outcomes in infants undergoing balloon dilatation for severe P.S, to determine predictors of reintervention.

Patients and Methods
All infants with severe congenital valvular PS who underwent interventional cardiac catheterization between October 2020 and april 2021 were reviewed Prospectively. We performed a comparison between those who required reintervention and those who did not, to identify the predictors of reintervention.

Results
thirty five infants were included, having severe PS. Twenty-one infants 21 (60.0%) were males, the mean age was ranged from 7 days to 12 months (mean; 6.08 ± 3.95 months), and the mean weight was 7.37 ± 1.95 kg. twenty infants(20%) required reintervention. Small pulmonary valve annulus diameter with Mean ± SD 5.14 ± 1.07 mm; p = 0.001 and Pulmonary valve annulus z-score were significantly smaller in those who needed reintervention Median(IQR) -2.50 (-3.10 – -2.50), pvalue 0.001, Other predictors for reintervention included, Residual high pulmonary artery pressure after BPV with Median (IQR) 54 (35 – 55) mm Hg, p-value0.001.The immediate and short-term outcome of PBPV was better in patients who did not need reintervention.

Conclusion
Interventional cardiac catheterization shows favorable outcome for patients with severe PS. Predictors for reintervention included the small pulmonary valve annulus diameter and pulmonary valve Z-score, A minor immediate drop in pressure gradient across the pulmonary valve post-intervention has higher rate of reintervention.