bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and analytical investigation of WT‐shapes stiffened steel panel dampers
Authors: Chen Daniel Weidar , Tsai Keh‐Chyuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe three‐segment steel panel damper (TSPD) is a type of shear panel damper (SPD) used for dissipating seismic energy. TSPDs consist of an inelastic core (IC) and two outer elastic joints (EJs), with the IC having a weaker shear strength than the EJs. Buckling restraining stiffeners delay shear buckling, and end stiffeners stabilize the IC to facilitate force transfer. However, the fabrication of TSPDs may be costly due to the use of built‐up shapes. This prompted the investigation of a more cost‐effective option, namely the WT‐shapes stiffened steel panel damper (WSPD). The WSPD can be built from a single hot rolled wide flange steel shape with four WT‐shapes cut from it. A practical procedure for seismic design using this method is developed in this study. The design procedure for IC web stiffeners is also considered. We propose elastic stiffness calculation methods for WSPDs, which match the analytical results of the proposed model using commercial software. Two full‐scale 2.6 m tall WSPD specimens were fabricated and tested. Different target IC buckling shear deformations of 0.08 and 0.12 radians resulted in two different stiffener designs for specimen WSPD‐0L2T and WSPD‐1L2T, respectively. The specimens had excellent energy dissipation performance. WSPD‐0L2T IC web buckled later than predicted, while WSPD‐1L2T IC web buckled slightly earlier than expected. The elastic lateral stiffness and maximum shear strength computed from the proposed procedures agree with the experimental results within 5%. The experimental responses of the two specimens can also be accurately simulated using Abaqus finite element model analysis.
Magnitude and timing of transient incision resulting from large‐scale drainage capture, Sutlej River, Northwest Himalaya
Authors: Penserini Brian D. , Morell Kristin D. , Codilean Alexandru T. , Fülöp Réka‐H. , Wilcken Klaus M. , Yanites Brian J. , Kumar Anil , Fan Suoya , Mearce Trevor 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFew studies have constrained the magnitudes and timescales associated with large‐scale drainage captures (areas >103 km2), even though these constraints are crucial to reconstruct sediment budgets, assess the potential for drainage reorganization to be preserved in the rock record, and determine the extent to which environmental signals (i.e., structures, composition and fossil assemblages within sedimentary rocks that are influenced by sediment supply and transport) are representative of conditions during deposition. In this work, we characterize the Pleistocene capture of the Zhada Basin, an ~23 000 km2 extensional basin in southern Tibet, by the Sutlej River, a prominent tributary to the Indus River. We quantify the magnitudes and timescales of capture‐driven erosion using knickpoint celerity modelling, paleotopographic reconstructions, 10Be‐derived denudation rates, and topographic analyses of drainage divides. We find that capture has removed 2010 ± 400 km3 of sediment from the Zhada Basin, increasing sediment supply to the Sutlej network by 17%–29% since 735 ± 269 ka. This work represents a crucial step towards reconstructing the Pleistocene sediment budget of the Indus sedimentary system and identifying potential impacts from sediment redistribution. We also identify several plausible tectonic or autogenic mechanisms that may have facilitated capture of the Zhada Basin, including: (1) preferential erosion of weak lithologies along active faults, (2) headward erosion in response to prior capture of the Spiti River and (3) headward erosion generated by breaching of a structural culmination downstream (the Kullu‐Rampur Window). This provides a framework to assess the mechanistic links between arc‐parallel extension, large‐scale drainage capture, landscape evolution and orogenic wedge deformation.
Intercropping medicinal plants is a new idea for forage production: A case study with ajowan and fenugreek
Authors: Fotohi Chiyaneh Satar , Rezaei‐Chiyaneh Esmaeil , Amirnia Reza , Keshavarz Afshar Reza , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBiofertilizers has potential to improve crop productivity in a sustainable manner yet their impact on forage crops yields and forage quality indices have not been extensively explored. In this study, the impact of different cropping patterns and fertilizer sources on the forage yield and quality of ajowan (Carum copticum L.), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum‐graecum L.), and pea (Pisum sativum L.) was investigated. The findings shed light on the importance of biofertilizer application as a sustainable solution for enhancing forage production and quality in agricultural systems. The experimental treatments involved six cropping patterns [ajowan monoculture, fenugreek monoculture, pea monoculture, intercropping of one row ajowan + one row fenugreek + one row pea (1:1:1), two rows ajowan + two rows fenugreek + two rows pea (2:2:2), and three rows ajowan + three rows fenugreek + three rows pea (3:3:3)] and five fertilizer sources [no fertilizer (control), 100% chemical fertilizer (CF), chemical fertilizer + humic acid (CF + HU), chemical fertilizer + biofertilizer (CF + BF), and humic acid + biofertilizer (HU + BF)]. The results revealed that the 2:2:2 intercrop fertilized with CF + BF had the highest N, P, and K concentrations for the three species. The monoculture systems with CF + BF produced the highest forage yields for ajowan (5492 kg/ha), fenugreek (3811 kg/ha), and pea (12,695 kg/ha). In addition, 2:2:2 intercrop fertilized with CF + BF produced the highest forage quality for all three species, decreasing the crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber contents and increasing forage ASH, dry matter intake, water‐soluble carbohydrates, and relative feed value. The 2:2:2 intercrop ratio combined with CF + BF application could be recommended to farmers as an eco‐friendly strategy (decreasing chemical fertilizer use) for improving forage productivity and quality in sustainable agricultural systems.
Study on the mechanism on synthesis of higher alcohols in Wickerhamomyces anomalus under ethanol stress
Authors: Chen Yanru , Wan Yin , Cai Wenqin , Che Xiaming , Peng Hong , Fu Guiming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigher alcohols (phenylethyl alcohol and isoamyl alcohol), as the crucial aroma compounds, have been found to associate with the sensory properties of various alcoholic products. The Ehrlich and Harris pathways are the main pathways for yeast to produce phenylethyl alcohol and isoamyl alcohol during the brewing process of alcoholic products, whereas the specific changes of the Ehrlich and Harris pathways in Wickerhamomyces anomalus under ethanol stress are still unclear. In this study, W. anomalus NCU003 with a high capacity for aroma compound production was treated with ethanol stress at different concentrations (3%, v/v, 6%, v/v and 9%, v/v) to study the effects on the expression levels of genes and metabolite content in the Ehrlich and Harris pathways. The results found that ethanol stress inhibited the production of phenylethyl alcohol and isoamyl alcohol, and the content decreased with the increase of ethanol concentrations. In the meantime, the up‐regulation of ARO1, CS, ARO8, Leu1, BAT2 and ilvs family genes in the Ehrlich and Harris pathways could lead to an increase in the synthesis of important precursor substances during the synthesis of phenylethyl alcohol and isoamyl alcohol. However, the significant down‐regulation of ARO10, PDC, ADH1 and AHD2 genes was the main reason for the low production of phenylethyl alcohol and isoamyl alcohol. These results could provide a theoretical reference for the construction of genetic engineering strains of W. anomalus in the future so as to reasonably control the content of higher alcohols during the brewing process of alcoholic products.
High‐resolution full‐field optical coherence tomography microscope for the evaluation of freshly excised skin specimens during Mohs surgery: A feasibility study
Authors: Jain Manu , Chang Shu‐Wen , Singh Kiran , Kurtansky Nicholas R. , Huang Sheng‐Lung , Chen Homer H. , Chen Chih‐Shan Jason 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHistopathology for tumor margin assessment is time‐consuming and expensive. High‐resolution full‐field optical coherence tomography (FF‐OCT) images fresh tissues rapidly at cellular resolution and potentially facilitates evaluation. Here, we define FF‐OCT features of normal and neoplastic skin lesions in fresh ex vivo tissues and assess its diagnostic accuracy for malignancies. For this, normal and neoplastic tissues were obtained from Mohs surgery, imaged using FF‐OCT, and their features were described. Two expert OCT readers conducted a blinded analysis to evaluate their diagnostic accuracies, using histopathology as the ground truth. A convolutional neural network was built to distinguish and outline normal structures and tumors. Of the 113 tissues imaged, 95 (84%) had a tumor (75 basal cell carcinomas [BCCs] and 17 squamous cell carcinomas [SCCs]). The average reader diagnostic accuracy was 88.1%, with a sensitivity of 93.7%, and a specificity of 58.3%. The artificial intelligence (AI) model achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 87.6 ± 5.9%, sensitivity of 93.2 ± 2.1%, and specificity of 81.2 ± 9.2%. A mean intersection‐over‐union of 60.3 ± 10.1% was achieved when delineating the nodular BCC from normal structures. Limitation of the study was the small sample size for all tumors, especially SCCs. However, based on our preliminary results, we envision FF‐OCT to rapidly image fresh tissues, facilitating surgical margin assessment. AI algorithms can aid in automated tumor detection, enabling widespread adoption of this technique.
Toward point‐of‐care diagnostics: Running enzymatic assays on a photonic waveguide‐based sensor chip with a portable, benchtop measurement system
Authors: Neutens Pieter , Zinoviev Kirill , Jimenez Valencia Angela M , Woronoff Gabrielle , Jansen Roelof , Hosseini Naser , Uribe Alejandra Jauregui , Goheen Joshua , Kryszak Lindsay A , Stakenborg Tim , Clarke William A , Van Roy Willem 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate a portable, compact system to perform absorption‐based enzymatic assays at a visible wavelength of 639 nm on a photonic waveguide‐based sensor chip, suitable for lab‐on‐a‐chip applications. The photonic design and fabrication of the sensor are described, and a detailed overview of the portable measurement system is presented. In this publication, we use an integrated photonic waveguide‐based absorbance sensor to run a full enzymatic assay. An assay to detect creatinine in plasma is simultaneously performed on both the photonic sensor on the portable setup and on a commercial microplate reader for a clinically relevant creatinine concentration range. We observed a high correlation between the measured waveguide propagation loss and the optical density measurement from the plate reader and measured a limit‐of‐detection of 4.5 μM creatinine in the sensor well, covering the relevant clinical range for creatinine detection.
Identification of the SNARE complex that mediates the fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane in exosome secretion
Authors: Liu Chuqi , Liu Dexiang , Wang Shen , Gan Lu , Yang Xiangliang , Ma Cong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExosomes play crucial roles in local and distant cellular communication and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Tumour‐derived exosomes are pivotal to tumorigenesis, but the precise mechanisms underlying their secretion remain elusive. In particular, the SNARE proteins that mediate the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane (PM) in tumour cells are subject to debate. In this study, we identified syntaxin‐4, SNAP‐23, and VAMP‐7 as the SNAREs responsible for exosome secretion in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells and found that a SNARE complex consisting of these SNAREs can drive membrane fusion in vitro. Deletion of any of these SNAREs in MCF‐7 cells did not affect MVB biogenesis and transportation, indicating their specific involvement in MVB–PM fusion. In addition, syntaxin‐4, SNAP‐23, and VAMP‐7 play equivalent roles in exosome secretion in both HeLa cervical cancer cells and A375 melanoma cells, suggesting their conserved function in exosome secretion. Furthermore, deletion of VAMP‐7 in 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells efficiently inhibited exosome secretion and led to significant attenuation of tumour growth and lung metastasis in mouse models, implying that VAMP‐7 may hold promise as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Novel one‐pot synthesis of imidazo[2,1‐b] [1, 2, 4]‐Triazoles, 1,2,4‐Triazolo iminoindoline‐2‐ones, and their in‐vitro antibacterial activity,B‐DNAstudy
Authors: Venkatesham Papisetti , Parcha Sreenivasa Rao , Rath Soumya Lipsa , Chedupaka Raju , Vedula Rajeswar Rao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNew series of 2‐(benzylthio)‐6‐phenyl‐4H‐imidazo[1,2‐b][1,2,4]‐Triazoles and benzylthio‐4H‐1,2,4‐Triazolo iminoimdoline‐2‐ones have been synthesized via a one‐pot process. Further, all the synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive, Gram‐negative bacteria. Among these tested compounds,5a–jhave shown promising antibacterial activity usingB. subtilisand studied for B‐DNA binding.
Comparison of efficacy between subcutaneous and intravenous application of moss‐aGal in the mouse model of Fabry disease
Authors: Dabrowska‐Schlepp Paulina , Busch Andreas , Shen Jin‐Song , Cheong Rachel Y. , Madsen Lone Bruhn , Mascher Daniel , Schiffmann Raphael , Schaaf Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFabry disease (FD, OMIM 301500) is a rare X‐linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder associated with reduced activities of α‐galactosidase A (aGal, EC 3.2.1.22). The current standard of care for FD is based on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), in which a recombinantly produced version of αGal is intravenously (iv) applied to Fabry patients in biweekly intervals. Though the iv application is clinically efficacious, periodical infusions are inconvenient, time‐ and resource‐consuming and they negatively impact the patients’ quality of life. Subcutaneous (sc) injection, in contrast, is an established route of administration for treatment of chronic conditions. It opens the beneficial option of self‐administration, thereby improving patients’ quality of life and at the same time reducing treatment costs. We have previously shown that Moss‐α‐Galactosidase (moss‐aGal), recombinantly produced in the moss Physcomitrium patens, is efficient in degrading accumulated Gb3 in target organs of murine model of FD and in the phase I clinical study, we obtained first efficacy evidence in human patients following single iv infusion. Here, we tested the efficacy of subcutaneous administration of moss‐aGal and compared it with the results observed following iv infusion in Fabry mice. The obtained findings demonstrate that subcutaneously applied moss‐aGal is correctly transported to target organs and efficacious in degrading Gb3 deposits there and thus suggest the possibility of using this route of administration for therapy of Fabry disease.
Vectorial‐Manipulating Encryption for Multi‐Channel Capacity and Security Enhancement
Authors: Qu Kening , Wang Zejing , Li Zhe , Li Zhongyang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEmerging meta‐optics unfold unprecedented capabilities in optical display, information storage, and encryption applications. Particularly, the recent advances in vectorial holography based on the multi‐parameter manipulation of the Jones matrix have increased the modulation space and information capacity. However, the fundamental degree of freedom (DoF) extreme limit in the optical encoding space of the Jones matrix bottlenecks the information capacity for high‐demand practical applications. To further expand the high‐volume encryption with enhanced security, here, a vectorial‐manipulating encryption strategy is proposed to originally demonstrate multi‐channel encryption and display. By ingeniously utilizing multi‐beam overlapping and precisely controlling their phase differences in the overlapping area, the capacity expansion of up to 12‐channel near‐/far‐field optical images is enabled. Such vectorial‐manipulating strategy is also applied to near‐field nanoprinting and realizes additional encrypted nanoprinting information. More intriguingly, the optical encryption will not be decrypted unless setting with a particular combination of input/output polarization keys, thus enhancing its concealment security beyond the conventional encryption. Overall, the proposed vectorial‐manipulating strategy expands the state‐of‐the‐art storage capacity with enhanced decipher security and potentially suggests a new path for the next‐generation optical storage and encryption security applications.
Extendible functions and local root numbers: Remarks on a paper of R. P. Langlands
Authors: Koch Helmut , Zink Ernst‐Wilhelm 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper refers to Langlands' big set of notes devoted to the question if the (normalized) local Hecke–Tate root number , where E is a finite separable extension of a fixed nonarchimedean local field F, and χ a quasicharacter of , can be appropriately extended to a local ε‐factor for all virtual representations ρ of the corresponding Weil group . Whereas Deligne has given a relatively short proof by using the global Artin–Weil L‐functions, the proof of Langlands is purely local and splits into two parts: the algebraic part to find a minimal set of relations for the functions Δ, such that the existence (and unicity) of will follow from these relations; and the more extensive arithmetic part to give a direct proof that all these relations are actually fulfilled. Our aim is to cover the algebraic part of Langlands' notes, which can be done completely in the framework of representations of solvable profinite groups, where two modifications of Brauer's theorem play a prominent role.
Fully automated sinogram‐based deep learning model for detection and classification of intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Sindhura Chitimireddy , Al Fahim Mohammad , Yalavarthy Phaneendra K. , Gorthi Subrahmanyam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo propose an automated approach for detecting and classifying Intracranial Hemorrhages (ICH) directly from sinograms using a deep learning framework. This method is proposed to overcome the limitations of the conventional diagnosis by eliminating the time‐consuming reconstruction step and minimizing the potential noise and artifacts that can occur during the Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction process.MethodsThis study proposes a two‐stage automated approach for detecting and classifying ICH from sinograms using a deep learning framework. The first stage of the framework is Intensity Transformed Sinogram Sythesizer, which synthesizes sinograms that are equivalent to the intensity‐transformed CT images. The second stage comprises of a cascaded Convolutional Neural Network‐Recurrent Neural Network (CNN‐RNN) model that detects and classifies hemorrhages from the synthesized sinograms. The CNN module extracts high‐level features from each input sinogram, while the RNN module provides spatial correlation of the neighborhood regions in the sinograms. The proposed method was evaluated on a publicly available RSNA dataset consisting of a large sample size of 8652 patients.ResultsThe results showed that the proposed method had a notable improvement as high as 27% in patient‐wise accuracies when compared to state‐of‐the‐art methods like ResNext‐101, Inception‐v3 and Vision Transformer. Furthermore, the sinogram‐based approach was found to be more robust to noise and offset errors in comparison to CT image‐based approaches. The proposed model was also subjected to a multi‐label classification analysis to determine the hemorrhage type from a given sinogram. The learning patterns of the proposed model were also examined for explainability using the activation maps.ConclusionThe proposed sinogram‐based approach can provide an accurate and efficient diagnosis of ICH without the need for the time‐consuming reconstruction step and can potentially overcome the limitations of CT image‐based approaches. The results show promising outcomes for the use of sinogram‐based approaches in detecting hemorrhages, and further research can explore the potential of this approach in clinical settings.
A pragmatic, clinically optimized approach to characterizing adolescent irritability: Validation of parent‐ and adolescent reports on the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales—Temper Loss Scale
Authors: Kirk Nathan , Hirsch Emily , Alam Tasmia , Wakschlag Lauren S. , Wiggins Jillian Lee , Roy Amy K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesHeightened irritability in adolescence is an impairing symptom that can lead to negative outcomes in adulthood, but effective screening tools are lacking. This study aimed to derive clinically‐optimized cutoff scores using the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales–Temper Loss (MAPS‐TL) to pragmatically identify adolescents with impairing irritability.MethodsA diverse sample of 79 adolescents and their parents completed the MAPS‐TL‐Youth version. Stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to determine the items associated with impairment, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to derive optimal cutoff scores.ResultsThree parent‐report items (become frustrated easily, angry/irritable/grouchy throughout the day, difficulty calming down when angry) and two youth‐report items (hit/shove/kick when lost temper, difficulty calming down when angry) were strongly associated with impairment. Optimal cutoff scores garnered very good sensitivity (91%, 73%) and specificity (77%, 75%) for the parent‐ and youth‐report versions respectively. Scores above these cutoffs were associated with increased internalizing and externalizing problems and lower overall quality of life.ConclusionsThe MAPS‐TL clinically optimized irritability scores show preliminary validity for implementation in practical settings to efficiently identify adolescents who need additional evaluation and/or intervention. Further research is important to validate these cutoff scores with larger population‐based samples and real‐world settings.