bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional job demands diminish employees’ sympathy over 9 years, but only for those with a low learning goal orientation
Authors: Reh Susan , Scheibe Susanne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Many professions require emotional effort from employees to perform their jobs effectively. Research on the consequences of such emotional job demands (EJDs) for employees has yielded mixed findings with only a few longitudinal studies. This study’s aim is to improve the understanding of how EJDs affect the development of employees’ emotional functioning over time, specifically the degree of sympathy they experience toward others, and which factors enhance or buffer this relationship. Drawing on the theoretical model of strengths and vulnerabilities integration, we predict that occupation-level EJDs reduce employees’ sympathy over a 9-year time period. At the same time, we predict that a learning goal orientation (LGO), the motivation for task mastery and self-improvement, buffers the potentially negative effects of EJDs on sympathy changes. We test our model using data from N = 831 working adults from the second and third waves of the Midlife in the United States survey in combination with data from the Occupational Information Network. In line with predictions, results from latent change score models show that although sympathy on average increases over the 9-year span, EJDs have a negative effect on these changes and a LGO moderates this effect so that EJDs have a negative effect on sympathy changes only for employees low in LGO. We discuss implications for theory and practice.
Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Functioning in Adolescents with Klinefelter Syndrome
Authors: Jünger Anja L. , Lasecke Meagan , Foland-Ross Lara C. , Jordan Tracy L. , Sundstrom Jamie L. , Wun Vanessa Lozano , Witkin Gregory A. , Ikomi Chijioke , Ross Judith , Reiss Allan L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a common genetic condition in males associated with an extra X chromosome (i.e., 47,XXY). Individuals with KS often experience androgen insufficiency and tall stature and are at increased risk for depression, anxiety, and social challenges. This cross-sectional study investigates social and emotional functions in 52 boys with KS and 62 typically developing (TD) boys, aged 8 to 13 years.

Methods:
Self-report measures of anxiety, depression, and behavior and parent-report measures of social functioning and behavior were completed. In primary analyses, linear regression was used to test the effect of group (KS, TD) on standardized scores derived from widely used rating scales. In secondary analyses, we explored the influence of pubertal status on these scores and concordance between self- and parent ratings.

Results:
Our results indicate that boys with KS exhibit significantly increased anxiety, depression, and social difficulties relative to TD peers. Among participants with KS, peripubertal boys generally experienced more difficulties in aspects of social and emotional functioning as compared to prepubertal boys. Concordance analyses revealed differences between parent- and child-reports.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that alterations in social, emotional, and behavioral functions are present in boys and adolescents with KS and may be influenced by puberty.
Neurodevelopmental and Mental Health Outcomes in a National Clinical Sample of Youth With Sex Chromosome Trisomies Compared With Matched Controls
Authors: Hall Adriana , Furniss Anna , Tartaglia Nicole N. , Janusz Jennifer , Wilson Rebecca , Middleton Caitlin , Martin Sydney , Frazier Jacqueline , Martinez-Chadrom Michele , Hansen-Moore Jennifer , Ikomi Chijioke , Ross Judith , Vogiaski Maria G. , Morrow Leela , Christakis Dimitri A. , Lean Rachel E. , Nokoff Natalie , Pyle Laura , Davis Shanlee M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To compare the prevalence of neurodevelopmental and mental health diagnoses in a national sample of youth with sex chromosome trisomies (SCTs) with matched controls.

Methods:
Patients in PEDSnet and a diagnosis code mapping to 47,XXY/Klinefelter syndrome (n = 1171), 47,XYY/Double Y syndrome (n = 243), or 47,XXX/Trisomy X syndrome (n = 262) were matched with controls using propensity scores. Generalized estimating equations computed odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the prevalence of diagnoses within the neurodevelopmental and mental health composites, psychotropic medication prescriptions, and encounters with behavioral health and therapy providers. Alpha was set at 0.0025 to account for multiple comparisons.

Results:
Patients with SCTs had higher odds of diagnoses within the neurodevelopmental (OR 6.3, 95% CI, 5.7–7.2) and mental health composites (OR 2.7, 95% CI, 2.3–3.2) compared with matched controls. All neurodevelopmental diagnoses were more prevalent among all SCT groups compared with controls. Within the mental health composite, only the prevalence of anxiety and mood disorder was higher in all SCT groups. A higher proportion of patients with SCTs had psychotropic prescriptions compared with controls (stimulants 13.1% vs 5.2%, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 8.7% vs 2.8%, antipsychotics 6.5% vs 2.4%, p < 0.0001 for all). Overall, 48% of patients with SCTs had a clinical encounter with a behavioral health provider vs 16.6% of controls (OR 5.6, 95% CI, 4.1–5.1).

Conclusion:
Compared with matched controls, youth with SCTs receiving care at US tertiary care pediatric centers have disproportionately high rates of neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions, emphasizing the need for appropriate screening and intervention in these populations.
Effect of Childhood Adversity on the Relationship Between Family Resilience and Behavioral or Conduct Problems in Children With Special Healthcare Needs
Authors: Chowdhury Suman Kanti , Aydin Rihana Aaliyah , Puri Harsha , Sundaramurugan Suruthi , Rao Nagashree Ravi , Skinner Haille , Sauls Rachel , Brice Dowensly Jean , Tsang Steven , Bakour Chighaf , Kirby Russell S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Behavioral or conduct problems (BCPs) are common co-occurring conditions in children with special health care needs (CSHCNs), affecting their developmental and functional milestones. The role of family resilience in mitigating BCPs among these children and how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) affect this dynamic remain largely unclear. The aim of the study was to disentangle the complex interplay between family resilience, ACEs, and BCPs by examining how ACEs moderate the relationship between family resilience and BCPs.

Methods:
The study included 19,922 CSHCNs aged 3 to 17 years from the 2020-2021 National Survey of Children's Health. Weighted analysis was conducted using the Rao-Scott χ2 test and multivariable logistic regression to account for the complex survey design.

Results:
Children from families with no and low resilience as compared with high-resilient families had 1.78 times (odds ratio [OR]: 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31–2.43) and 1.44 times (OR: 1.44, 95% CI, 1.18–1.76) higher odds of BCPs, respectively. While the odds of BCPs decreased in nonresilient families as ACEs increased from none to 1 ACE, 2 or more ACEs versus no ACE increased the odds of BCPs in low-resilient families from 1.42 times (OR: 1.42, 95% CI, 1.03–1.94) to 1.51 times (OR: 1.51, 95% CI, 1.13–2.02).

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that family resilience is associated with a lower likelihood of BCPs in CSHCNs. ACEs have varying effects on the relationship between family resilience and BCPs across different levels of family resilience. These results highlight the importance of strengthening family resilience and addressing ACEs in interventions to reduce behavioral issues in CSHCNs.
A Narrative Review of the Vulvar Disease Literature With Images of Women of Color
Authors: Ashenafi Gabriela , Dehaeck Ulrike C. , Madnani Nina A. , Parker-Featherstone Ebony C. , Saunders Natalie A. , Welch Kathryn C. , Mallhi Arshpreet Kaur , Haefner Hope K. 
Published: January 2025

Objective
To assess the existing literature on vulvar disease in women of color (WOC).

Methods
A narrative review was conducted to assess the literature on vulvar disease in WOC and evaluate the presence of images in this population. The search encompassed PubMed and OVID using relevant terms related to vulvar conditions and various groups of WOC. Case reports, as well as posters were excluded. Books on this topic were searched using these two search engines and Google, as well as the Taubman Health Sciences Library at the University of Michigan. This library contains numerous books on vulvar diseases commonly used by health care providers.

Results
This query identified 24 journal publications on vulvar diseases in WOC. Twenty-six books, commonly used by health care providers, were found to have been published with vulvar images of WOC. However, only 1 focused specifically on vulvar diseases in WOC.

Conclusions
There is a notable scarcity of articles and books addressing vulvar conditions specifically in WOC. This gap in literature limits our understanding of how these conditions may uniquely affect this demographic population. Additional research and resources are essential to effectively represent and meet the health needs of WOC.
Unusual association of primary parotid and conjunctival tuberculosis in a young immunocompetent patient: A case report
Authors: Hachimi Idrissi Mariam , Zaza Qamar , Benbachir Adam , Skalante Oumaima , Benaazza Soufiane , Allaoui Mohamed , Ben Lahlou Yassine , Benaissa Elmostafa , Chadli Mariama 
Published: January 2025

2. Abstract

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis often presents as lymphadenitis. In the head and neck area, tuberculous involvement of the parotid gland is rare and challenging to diagnose due to non specific symptoms, which can be confused with a tumor. Tuberculous conjunctivitis, although uncommon, should be considered in cases of chronic, treatment-resistant conjunctivitis.
The association of primary parotid and conjunctival tuberculosis is exceptional. They are difficult to diagnose due to the non-specificity of their clinical, biological and radiological signs. We report the case of a 24-year-old immunocompetent patient with no history of tuberculosis, who presented with intermittent swelling of the left parotid gland, accompanied by unilateral redness of the eye, which appeared two months later, in a context of fever and night sweats. The patient also reported a foreign body sensation in his eye, mild tearing, and photophobia . Clinical examination revealed painful, warm swelling of the left parotid gland, as well as localized granulomatous conjunctivitis.
Cervico-parotid CT and MRI revealed two well-limited, oval, left parotid formations with a slightly thickened and enhanced wall after injection of Gadolinium, suggestive a priori of abscessed collections.
The diagnosis of primary parotid and conjunctival tuberculosis was made on the basis of histological examination of the biopsies, as well as direct examination, culture and GeneXpert. The patient progressed well on anti-bacillary treatment.
Our work underlines the great importance of GeneXpert, which is a rapid and highly sensitive technique, effective in the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis.
Spatial Profiling Reveals Equivalence-Derived Molecular Signatures of Brain Mimicry and Adaptation in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases
Authors: Garcia Maxine Umeh , Yeh Christine Yiwen , Godfrey Bryanna , Perez Pablo Nunez , Barisano Giuseppe , Varma Sushama , Ahmadian Saman , Toland Angus , Granucci Monica , Trinh Thy , Vogel Hannes , West Robert , Angelo Michael , Tian Lu , Plevritis Sylvia K. , Gephart Melanie Hayden 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBrain metastases (BrMets), common for advanced-stage breast cancer patients, are associated with poor median survival and accompanied by severe neurologic decline. Halting the progression of breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) may require modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME), yet little is known about the impact of the primary breast TME on brain tropism, or how, once there, metastatic breast cancer cells coexist with brain-resident cells (e.g., neurons and glia). Traditionally, studies in this space have focused on differential expression analysis, overlooking potential insights gained from investigating genes with equivalent expression between groups. This is particularly crucial in distant metastasis, where tumor cells may co-opt the transcriptional programs of the host organ (e.g., brain) to facilitate successful seeding and outgrowth. Prior to our work, no computational framework existed to determine biologically-relevant equivalent gene expression. To resolve molecular mechanisms of BCBM enabled by metastatic cancer cells and/or resident brain cells, we leveraged Nanostring GeoMx to perform spatially-resolved transcriptomic profiling on 235 patient-derived tissue cores from BCBM (including adjacent normal brain), primary invasive breast cancers, and normal (non-cancer) brain; analyzing 18,677 RNAs in 450 areas of interest (AOIs). We introduce the “Equivalent Expression Index” a highly specific and accurate algorithm that identifies statistically significant “Equivalently-Expressed Genes”. This method facilitated the identification of molecular remodeling and mimicry genes within tissue-specific TMEs. By integrating differential expression analysis with the Equivalent Expression Index, we discovered multiple novel gene signatures associated with BCBM and primary tumor brain-metastatic potential. We demonstrate that the Equivalent Expression Index is a powerful tool to uncover shared gene expression programs representing the adaptation of metastatic cells and brain-resident cells to the BCBM microenvironment.
Long-Term Effects of Radiation Therapy on Cerebral Microvessel Proteome: A Six-Month Post-Exposure Analysis
Authors: Subramanian Vikram , Juhr Denise , Giansanti Piero , Grumbach Isabella M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRadiation therapy (RT) treats primary and metastatic brain tumors, with about one million Americans surviving beyond six months post-treatment. However, up to 90% of survivors experience RT-induced cognitive impairment. Emerging evidence links cognitive decline to RT-induced endothelial dysfunction in brain microvessels, yetin vivostudies of endothelial injury remain limited. Investigating the molecular and cellular pathways connecting RT, endothelial dysfunction, and cognitive impairment is vital for developing targeted interventions. This study examines proteomic changes in cerebral microvessels following RT.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive quantitative analysis comparing the proteome in cerebral microvessels from five control mice and five irradiated mice (12 Gy) 6 months after RT. Bioinformatics analyses included gene ontology (GO) enrichment, Mitocarta analysis, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), and iPathwayGuide. Predictions from the analyses were validated by western blotting.ResultsOur data identified significant dysregulation of 414 proteins following RT, with 157 upregulated and 257 downregulated. Gene ontology analysis indicated that the majority of the dysregulated proteins were part of various metabolic pathways. Cross referencing with Mitocarta revealed a significant presence of mitochondrial proteins among the dysregulated proteins, indicating potential mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction. Further investigation with IPA analysis uncovered 76 enriched canonical pathways, 34 transcription regulators, 6 nuclear receptors, and 5 growth factors involved in RT-induced damage responses in cerebral microvessels. IPA canonical pathway analysis predicted mitochondrial dysfunction due to inhibition of various metabolic pathways in the irradiated group. Validation with western blotting confirmed the bioinformatics predictions from the proteomic dataset.ConclusionsOur data show significant proteomic changes in cerebral microvessels 6 months post-radiation, including oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, and glycolysis, suggesting metabolic mechanisms of RT-induced microvascular dysfunction.
Species Dependent Metabolism of a Covalent nsP2 Protease Inhibitor within VivoAnti-alphaviral Activity
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Anwar , Mayo Abigail K. , Ghoshal Anirban , Taft-Benz Sharon A. , Anderson Elizabeth J. , Morales Noah L. , Pressey Katia D. , Vargason Ava M. , Brouwer Kim L. R. , Moorman Nathaniel J. , Heise Mark T. , Willson Timothy M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRA-0002034 (1) is a potent covalent inhibitor targeting the alphavirus nsP2 cysteine protease. The species-dependent pharmacokinetics and metabolism of1were investigated to evaluate its therapeutic potential. Pharmacokinetic profiling revealed rapid clearance in mice, predominantly mediated by glutathioneS-transferase (GST)-catalyzed conjugation. This metabolic liability contrasted with slower clearance observed in human hepatocytes and preclinical species such as rats, dogs, and monkeys. Cross-species studies confirmed the dominance of GST-driven metabolism in mice, whereas oxidative pathways were more pronounced in dogs. Despite rapid systemic clearance,1achieved antiviral efficacy in mice, reducing CHIKV viral loads in multiple tissues. Initial estimations of human hepatic clearance and half-life extrapolated from animal data indicate that b.i.d. dosing of1will be possible to maintain concentrations sufficient for antiviral activity in humans. These cross-species pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies support the continued evaluation of1as a promising anti-alphaviral therapeutic.Graphical Abstract
Ants oscillate and scan more in navigation when the visual scene changes
Authors: Deeti Sudhakar , Cheng Ken 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSolitarily foraging ants learn to navigate between important locations by comparing their current view with memorized scenes along a familiar route. As desert ants, in particular, travel between their nest and a food source, they establish stable and visually guided routes that guide them without relying on trail pheromones. We investigated how changes in familiar visual scenes affect the navigation of the red honey ant (Melophorus bagoti). In Experiment 1, ants were trained to follow a one-way diamond-shaped path to forage and return home. We manipulated scene familiarity by adding a board on their homebound route just before the nest. In Experiment 2, ants were trained to travel a straight path from their nest to a feeder, and we removed the prominent landmarks on the route after they had established a stable route. We predicted that these scene changes would cause the ants to deviate from their usual straight paths, slow down, scan more, and increase their lateral oscillations to gather additional information. Our findings showed that when the familiar scene was changed, ants oscillated more, slowed their speed, and increased scanning bouts, indicating a shift from exploiting known information to more actively exploring and learning new visual cues. These results suggest that scene familiarity plays a crucial role in ant navigation, and changes in their visual environment lead to distinct behavioral adaptations aimed at learning about the new cues.
Backward alpha oscillations shape perceptual bias under probabilistic cues
Authors: Tarasi Luca , Alamia Andrea , Romei Vincenzo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPredictive coding theory suggests that prior knowledge is crucial for optimizing human decision-making, with recent studies emphasizing the role of alpha-band oscillations in this process. Here, we employed a traveling waves approach to investigate how alpha oscillations integrate prior expectations during a perceptual decision-making task. Our findings demonstrated that expectation-based knowledge triggers the propagation of alpha traveling waves from frontal to occipital areas, with this increase associated with enhanced modulation of brain regions involved in stimulus processing and directly linked to prior-driven bias at the behavioral level. Moreover, participants who relied more on prior expectations exhibited stronger top-down signaling, whereas those who focused on sensory input showed a contrasting forward signaling pattern. These results highlight the role of alpha-band traveling waves in predictive mechanisms, suggesting that rhythmic interactions across brain regions facilitate this process and contribute to inter-individual differences in its implementation.
Resistance to BRAF inhibitors drives melanoma sensitivity to Chk1 inhibition
Authors: Carvalho Danielle G. , Kenski Juliana C. N. , Moreira Daniel A. , Rajão Matheus A. , Krijgsman Oscar , Furtado Carolina , Boroni Mariana , Viola João P. B. , Peeper Daniel S , Possik Patricia Abrao 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARYBRAF inhibitor-resistant melanomas (BRAFiR) acquire (epi)genetic and functional alterations that enable them to evade alternative treatments. Identifying these alterations is critical to advancing treatment strategies. Here, we explored the effect of Chk1 inhibition (Chk1i) on BRAFiR cells, revealing higher sensitivity compared to treatment-naïve cells bothin vitroandin vivo. Using FUCCI-labeling and time-lapse microscopy, we show that S phase progression is required for Chk1i-induced cytotoxicity in BRAFiR cells, but not in treatment-naïve cells. Replication stress markers, including reduced BrdU incorporation and increased phospho-RPA and γH2AX, were exclusive to BRAFiR cells exposed to Chk1i. Untreated BRAFiR cells exhibited upregulated DNA replication genes, reduced progressing forks and increased origin firing, suggesting intrinsic replication changes. MAPK pathway reactivation in treatment-naïve cells mimicked BRAFiR traits, increasing sensitivity to Chk1i. These findings indicate that Chk1i exploits elevated replication stress specifically in BRAFiR, highlighting its therapeutic potential in overcoming MAPK inhibitor resistance in melanoma.
An artifact of recombinatorial cloning challenges established beliefs of plasmid co-transformation, selection, and maintenance
Authors: Geer Courtney L. , Charette J. Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGateway cloning is an easy, efficient, accurate, and versatile cloning strategy. During Expression clone validation, we sometimes see an additional band co-migrating with the pDONR backbone. We show that this “mystery” band is not an artifact of aberrant recombination but instead originates from a co-transformation event. We find that the unselected pDONR plasmid is co-transformed intoE. coliwith the desired Expression vector in 9–29% of colonies and is maintained without antibiotic selection, despite plasmid incompatibility. We propose an easy strategy to screen for co-transformants. Our results challenge accepted beliefs of bacterial plasmid transformation, selection, and maintenance.