bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro- and nanochamber array system for single enzyme assays
Authors: Iijima Kazuki , Kaji Noritada , Tokeshi Manabu , Baba Yoshinobu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Arrays of small reaction containers, ranging from 624 femtoliters (10-15 L) to 270 attoliters (10-18 L), for capturing a single enzyme molecule and measuring the activity were developed together with a new reversible sealing system based on a pneumatic valve actuator made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The valve was actuated by PBS solution, effectively preventing evaporation of the solution from the micro- and nanochambers and allowing the assay to be carried out over a long period of time. The hydrolysis rates of β-D-galactosidase (β-gal), kcat, were decreased according to the chamber size decrease, and the overall tendency seems to be symmetrical relationship to the specific surface area of the chambers even under the prevented condition of non-specific adsorption. The spatial localisation of the protons in the chambers, which might could affect the dissociation state of the proteins, was also investigated to explain the decrease in the hydrolysis rate. The developed chamber system developed here may be useful for artificially reproducing the confined intracellular environments and molecular crowding conditions.
A COM-B analysis of facilitators of and barriers to smoking cessation among Chinese smokers——a qualitative study
Authors: Xie Xiaoyun , Nan Yi , Lin Bingliang , Chen Tianqi , Zhang Luge , Xiao Lin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Despite the Chinese government’s efforts, smoking prevalence remains high and motivation to quit stays at a low level in China. However, few studies have examined the perceptions, behaviors, and attitudes related to quitting smoking specifically, especially in a theory-based deductive manner. This study deployed the COM-B model as a framework to explore smoking cessation among Chinese smokers.
Methods: Forty 30-minute individual in-depth interviews were conducted with a semi-structured moderator guide. Participants (N = 40) were current smokers and ex-smokers aged 18 years or older. A directed content analysis approach was utilized for examining interview data.
Results: Smokers’ motivation to stop smoking was influenced by their beliefs about the health consequence. Regarding smoking as a personal choice and habit and overemphasis on willpower both impeded smokers’ motivation to quit. The positive social climate change improved smokers’ opportunity for cessation, but the insufficient and underused smoking cessation services and family support were detrimental to their opportunity. Incapability to handle invitations from others and deal with negativity and inadequate knowledge about smoking and cessation represented smokers’ insufficient capability to quit smoking.
Conclusions: The barriers impeding Chinese smokers’ quitting attempts as well as the facilitators promoting their cessation were determined from three perspectives: motivation, opportunity, and capability. Publicity and education campaigns should target smokers’ misconception that smoking is a symbol of personal freedom, correct their misplaced overemphasis on willpower, promote the existing smoking cessation services wildly, and most importantly shape the social norm into a more anti-smoking way. Using real story to demonstrate the health consequences of smoking, disseminating information about smoking cessation services in the maternity center, enriching the existing smoking cessation services by embracing mobile health, and empowering family support may better facilitate smoking cessation in China.
Implications: The present study has both practical and theoretical significance. These barriers and facilitators presented in this study could inform future smoking cessation programs. Besides, the deployment of the COM-B model in the analysis of smoking cessation could boost its use in other fields in China.
Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Fertility Quality of Life (FertiQoL) Questionnaire Tested on Infertile Couples in Jordan
Authors: Obeisat Salwa Al , Hayajneh Audai A. , Hweidi Issa M. , Abujilban Sanaa , Mrayan Lina , Alfar Rana , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Hweidi Lama I 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The Fertility Quality of Life (FertiQoL) questionnaire assesses the quality of life of people with fertility problems. The present study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the FertiQoL in infertile couples in Jordan.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design among 212 participants with infertility problems. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to investigate the underlying structure of the novel Arabic version of the FertiQoL tool.
Results: The Cronbach’s alpha values for the FertiQoL core domain, the FertiQoL treatment domain, and the total FertiQoL scale were 0.93, 0.74, and 0.92, respectively. The EFA indicated a two-domain model, with the first factor having 24 items and measuring "Core QoL". The second factor has 10 items and measures "Treatment QoL" in the context of infertility. The EFA and the CFA supported a two-factor model whereby the two factors explained 48% of the shared covariance between the analyzed quality of life indicators. The indices of goodness-of-fit of the model showed acceptable fit as follows: the chi-squared test (χ2) = 7.943, the comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.999, the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.001, and the Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.989.
Conclusion: The study's findings demonstrated the reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the FertiQoL for assessing the quality of life of infertile couples or those in Jordan with no pregnancy or childlessness.
Global Research Status and Trends in Orthopaedic Surgical Robotics: a Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis Study
Authors: Guo Xinmeng , Wang Daofeng , Li Jiantao , Zhang Hao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate and summarise the current state of research and trends in orthopaedic surgical robots.
Methods
Data on publicly available publications related to orthopaedic surgical robots were extracted by abstract searches of the Web of Science Core Collection database. A bibliometric analysis and detailed reading of the publications were then carried out and the information was visualised using co-authorship analysis, coupling analysis, co-citation analysis and co-occurrence analysis in VOSviewer.
Results
With 436 publications included in the study from 1993 to 2022, the overall contribution of publications to the world showed an increasing trend year by year, with a particularly pronounced after 2017, and a geographical trend of predominantly East Asia, North America, and Western Europe. Of these, China was the largest contributor (n = 128). Overall the UK affiliates and their scholars were leaders in the field, with a high number of publications, total citations, average citations per article and H-index. The most published institutions and authors were Imperial College London(n = 21) and Professor Fares Sahi Haddad of University College London(n = 12), respectively. Journals with a high overall impact on robotic orthopaedic surgery were the Journal of Arthroplasty, Bone Joint Journal, International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery. Keyword co-occurrence network analysis revealed four main clusters: robot-assisted knee, hip arthroplasty, spine surgery, and robotic technology research and development. The top three most common sites for robot-assisted surgery use were the knee, hip and spine. The most used robot types were the knee and spine, with Mako and Arobot being the most used robots for the knee and TiRobot for the spine.
Conclusion
This study comprehensively reveals the current status and trends of global research on orthopaedic surgical robots, covering countries, institutions, authors, journals, research hotspots, robot types and surgical sites, providing directional guidance and research ideas for further research on the technological development and clinical evaluation of orthopaedic surgical robots.
Feasibility and acceptability of using biometric fingerprinting to track migrations and support retention in HIV prevention research in fishing population in East Africa
Authors: Abaasa Andrew , Mee Paul , Nanyonjo Agnes , Easton Sue , Asiki Gershim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction

Fishing populations constitute suitable key population amongst which to conduct HIV prevention trials due to very high HIV prevalence and incidence, however, these are highly mobile populations. We determined the feasibility and acceptability of using fingerprinting and geographical positioning systems to describe mobility patterns and retention among fisherfolks on the shoreline of Lake Victoria in Southwestern Uganda.

Methods

Between August 2015 and January 2017, two serial cross-sectional surveys were conducted during which fingerprinting of all residents aged 18–30 years on the shoreline of Lake Victoria was done. A mapper moving ahead of the survey team, produced village maps and took coordinates of every household. These were accessed by the survey team that assigned household and individual unique identifiers (ID) and collected demographic data. Using the assigned IDs, individuals were enrolled and their fingerprints scanned. The fingerprinting was repeated 6 months later in order to determine the participant’s current household. If different from the baseline, a new household ID was assigned which was used to map migrations both within and between villages.

Results

At both rounds, over 99% accepted fingerprinting. No fingerprint faults were recorded initially and less than 1% at the second round. Over 80% of the participants were seen at round two and of these 16.3% had moved to a new location, the majority (85%) within the same village. Movements between villages were mainly observed in large villages. Those who did not consider the fishing village to be their permanent home were less likely to be migrants than permanent residents adjusted odds ratio = 0.37, 95%CI:0.15–0.94.

Conclusion

Use of fingerprinting in fishing populations is feasible and acceptable. It is possible to track this mobile population for clinical trials or health services using this technology since most movements could be traced within and between villages.
Electrophysiological damage to the neuronal membrane alters ephaptic communication
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Moreno , Corso Gilberto , Lima Marcelo M. S. , Lima Gustavo Zampier Dos Santos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The large number of neurons in the human brain are connected to form a functionally specialize system. The brain is typically understood as a complex network system with a particular organization and topology that can functionally result in specific electrophysiological patterns. Among all the dynamic elements resulting from the circuits of the brain’s network, ephapticity is a barely explored cellular mechanism. In this work, we investigated, through numerical simulation, the relationship between alterations in ephaptic neuronal communication and preference for frequency peak entrainment, when the electrophysiological properties of the neuronal membrane are impaired. This change in frequency band amplitude is observed in some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s Disease (increased amplitude in the β band) or Alzheimer’s Disease (increased amplitude in the β, θ and δ bands). In this context, a damaged model was proposed based on the impairment of both in the resistance of the ion channels (b) and in the capacitance of the lipid membrane (h). With the new parameters, b and h, the ephaptic communication is simulated using the hybrid neural model Integrate-and-Fire Quadratic Ephaptic (QIF-E). Our results show a link between the peak entrainment (ephapticity) preference shifted to some frequency band when the damage occurs mainly in ion channels (b). Finally, possible relationships of ephaptic communication and neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging factors are discussed.
Effect of introducing Enquiry-based learning in a traditional Chinese medicine nursing course on postgraduate learning: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Deng Bei , Hu Hui , Zhou Changqing , Ai Yating , Yang Yi , Ye Niansi , Liu Xueting , Peng Yunqiao , Wang ling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Nursing educators have integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) into current postgraduate medical education (PGME), but face significant obstacles to high-quality instructional design and scientific teaching methods. Enquiry-based learning (EBL) has already branched out into online and blended learning in undergraduate teaching, but this has not been proved in the postgraduate nursing education in China. This pilot study aimed to assess the impact of EBL model on learning outcomes in TCM courses by examining objective performance and subjective perceptions of student course performance.
Methods: All students attending Rehabilitation Nursing of TCM course in the academic year 2017-2021 were included in this study and they were divided into two groups. The EBL group was taught using a EBL program containing three phases. The LBL group was taught using traditional lecture-based learning (LBL). This mixed-methods pilot study included a retrospective quantitative phase and a prospective qualitative phase, and we assessed participants' course performance, course satisfaction, and course experience.
Results: We observed there were significant differences between the two groups in their scores on the Project report (p＜0.05) and Curriculum paper (p＜0.05), but no significant difference between the final course scores of the two groups (p=0.056). The EBL feedback forms results show that EBL students were satisfied with the teaching objectives, content, methods and process. The results of the qualitative data indicated that students had a very positive overall experience with EBL and perceived it to play a role in the Rehabilitation Nursing of TCM course, mainly in the three themes of teaching, learning and psychology.
Conclusions: In this study, EBL model was introduced into TCM course teaching for the first time. Our findings indicate that EBL is a powerful educational strategy and it is effective for Chinese postgraduate education. EBL model provides a positive learning opportunity for nursing postgraduates, and can lead to an improvement in students' performance in TCM courses.
A Novel TTBK2 Mutation in a Chinese Pedigree with Spinocerebellar Ataxia 11
Authors: Lu Ying-Qian , Chen Jian-Min , Huang Ya-Li , Zou Zhang-Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11) is a rare disease and tau tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) gene was the causative gene. To date, only seven SCA11 families have been reported. Here, we reported a Chinese SCA11 pedigree with cerebellar ataxia. Both patients in the family demonstrated typical clinical features of cerebellar ataxia and cerebellar atrophy on brain MRI. A novel heterozygous duplicated mutation (c.1211_1217dupAGGAGAA) of TTBK2 gene was identified in the proband using whole-exome sequencing (WES), which resulted in frameshift mutation and formed a premature stop codon (p. N406Kfs*47). The mutation was detected in the proband’s affected brother, and his unaffected mother, who with a lower percentage of the mutation and considered as an asymptomatic mutation carrier. Our study delineated the genotypic spectrum of SCA11.
Variability in ecological attributes of abundant species increases with taxonomic diversity: insights for assembly mechanisms of Neotropical bat communities
Authors: Hurtado-Materon María A. , Murillo-García Oscar E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms shaping species composition of assemblages is critical for incorporating ecological and evolutionary perspectives into biodiversity conservation. Thus, we quantified the relative support of community assembly mechanisms by assessing how species richness relates to the functional and phylogenetic biodiversity of Neotropical bat assemblages. We assessed the association of functional diversity for functional categories and phylogenetic diversity with species richness for 20 assemblages of Neotropical bats. In addition, we contrasted functional and phylogenetic diversity against null models to determine the mechanisms that structure the assemblages. Functional divergence increased with species richness, indicating that the variability in ecological attributes among abundant bats increases as the assemblages contain more species. Taxa were more distantly related as richness increases, but distances among closely related species remain constant. We found a consistent tendency of clustering of functional traits in site assemblages, particularly in abundant species. We proposed competition between clades as a possible mechanism modulating the community structure in Neotropical bats assemblages. Our results suggest that decreasing overlap in functional traits between abundant species could promote coexistence with rare species that can buffer ecosystem function due to species loss.
Personal Protective Equipment Waste Management Behavior of Undergraduates in Xi'an City: Extended Theory of Value-Identity-Personal Norm Model
Authors: Li Ting , Xu Ting , Liang Yan , Luo Wei , Zhang Jin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed people’s lives, with the most prominent change being the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). In this study, we used the extended Value-Identity-Personal (VIP) norm model to empirically analyze the influencing factors of pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among college students in Xi 'an, China, while considering the usage of PPE as an example of PEB. We proposed nine hypothetical questions, and the VIP model was established through the SmartPLS software to test the valid questionnaires of 414 college students. The verification results indicated that all the nine hypotheses were supported statistically, with personal environmental social responsibility and personal norms showing the most significant direct impact on PEB; notably, personal norms were also strongly influenced by environmental personal social responsibility. Biosphere values affected PEB indirectly, through self-identity and individual norms. This study proposes viable countermeasures and suggestions for college students to improve PEB; our findings can serve as a reference for policymakers and stakeholders to ensure the effective waste management of personal safety equipment.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty versus Hemiarthroplasty versus Non-Surgical treatment for older adults with acute 3- or 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (PROFHER-2: PROximal Fracture of Humerus Evaluation by Randomisation – Trial Number 2)
Authors: Rangan Amar , Gwilym Stephen , Keding Ada , Corbacho Belen , Kottam Lucksy , Arundel Catherine , Coleman Elizabeth , DiMascio Livio , Hewitt Catherine , Jones Valerie , Kassam Jamila , McDaid Catriona , Mitchell Natasha , Mott Andrew , O'Carroll Grace , Tharmanathan Puvan , Torgerson David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Proximal humerus fractures (PHF) are common and painful injuries, with the majority resulting from falls from a standing height. As with other fragility fractures, its age specific incidence is increasing. Surgical treatment with Hemiarthroplasty (HA) and Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA) have been increasingly used for displaced 3- and 4-part fractures despite lack of good quality evidence as to whether one type of arthroplasty is superior to the other, and whether surgery is better than non-surgical management. The PROFHER-2 trial has been designed as a pragmatic, multicentre randomised trial to compare the clinical and cost effectiveness of RSA vs HA vs Non-Surgical (NS) treatment in patients with 3- and 4-part PHF.

Methods

Adults over 65 years of age presenting with acute radiographically confirmed 3- or 4-part fractures, with or without associated glenohumeral joint dislocation, who consent for trial participation will be recruited from around 40 National Health Service (NHS) Hospitals in the UK. Patients with polytrauma, open fractures, presence of axillary nerve palsy, pathological (other than osteoporotic) fractures, and those who are unable to adhere to trial procedures will be excluded. We will aim to recruit 380 participants (152 RSA, 152 HA, 76 NS) using 2:2:1 (HA:RSA:NS) randomisation for 3 or 4 part fractures without joint dislocation, and 1:1 (HA:RSA) randomisation for 3 or 4 part fracture dislocations. The primary outcome is the Oxford Shoulder Score at 24 months. Secondary outcomes include quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), pain, range of shoulder motion, fracture healing and implant position on X-rays, further procedures, and complications. Independent Trial Steering Committee and Data Monitoring Committee will oversee the trial conduct, including the reporting of adverse events and harms.

Discussion

The PROFHER-2 trial is designed to provide a robust answer to guide the treatment of patients aged 65 years or over who sustain 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures. The pragmatic design and recruitment from around 40 UK NHS hospitals will ensure immediate applicability and generalisability of the trial findings. The full trial results will be made available in a relevant open access peer reviewed journal.

Trial registration

ISRCTN76296703. Prospectively registered on 5th April 2018
Characterizing genetic diversity and population structure in onion (Allium cepa L.) genotypes using agro-morphological and molecular markers
Authors: kapoor Shorya , Sood Sonia , Jayaswall Kuldip , Sood Vinod Kumar , Kumar Nimit , Sood Tamanna , Jayaswal Deepanshu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground It is crucial to gain understanding of crop diversity at the genetic and phenotypic levels. For breeding onion with higher yield and quality together with greater resilience to biotic and abiotic stressors agro-morphological and molecular characterization of onion genotypes is of utmost importance. Methods and results In the present study, genetic diversity in 49 onion genotypes were assessed using 6 agro-morphological descriptors, 19 quantitative traits along with 23 ISSR markers. All the agro-morphological descriptors were found polymorphic with Bulb: basic colour of dry skin (1.44) exhibiting the highest diversity index. The multivariate analysis using Mahalanobis D2statistic grouped 49 genotypes into seven clusters with highest inter cluster distance between V and VII (364.35). A total of 78 fragments were produced from 13 polymorphic primers with a mean of 6 alleles per primer. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.42 (UBC 835) to 0.75 (UBC 825) with a mean of 0.61 per primer. With a mean of 0.36, the inter-genotype genetic distance ranged from 0.12 to 0.72. Based on cluster analysis using UPGMA algorithm, the genotypes were divided into two major clusters, whereas the cluster tree constructed using the described ISSR markers identified three major groups. The structure analysis divided the population into two main groups. Conclusion From the findings of present study, it can be stated that characterization at both molecular and morphological basis is of utmost importance to understand the genetic diversity in onion. Hybridization between distantly related genotypes can produce desirable transgressive segregants in future onion breeding programmes.