bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atuação do bibliotecário escolar na pandemia, segundo a visão da Abes
Authors: Rodrigues Patrícia Nogueira , Pereira Gleice , Batista Carla Erler Mattos , Zanella Ferdinanda Mattos 
Published: April 2023

A pandemia provocada pelo coronavírus (COVID-19) causou grandes impactos em todo o mundo, principalmente na área da educação, onde o bibliotecário escolar encontra-se inserido, provocando grandes mudanças em sua atuação, perante os serviços prestados a comunidade escolar. Percebendo este novo cenário, o Grupo de Trabalho de Biblioteca Escolar pertecente a Associação de Bibliotecários do Espírito Santo (ABES),desenvolveu a presente pesquisa objetivando identificar se as instituições de ensino inseriram o bibliotecário nesse novo formato de ensino, bem como, apresentar as condições de trabalho do bibliotecário nesse período e quais atividades foram desenvolvidas por estes, que fazem ou não parte das suas atribuições. Quanto a metodologia, trata-se de uma de abordagem qualiquantitativa, tendo como instrumento de coleta de dados a utilização de questionário aplicado aos bibliotecários do Estado do Espírito Santo. Após o levantamento dos dados, foi possível constatar que a maioria dos bibliotecários participantes desta pesquisa já haviam voltado a trabalhar de forma presencial (uma vez que o processo de vacinação já havia iniciado). Identificamos que mesmo não havendo aulas presenciais, a maioria dos bibliotecários tentaram manter a interação com seus alunos de forma virtual e as principais atividades desenvolvidas durante este momento sinalizadas pelos bibliotecários foram : clube de leitura, estantes virtuais, dicas de leitura , vídeos de contação de histórias, quiz e games. Os resultados apontaram que durante a pandemia as ferramentas digitais fizeram parte do processo de reinvenção das bibliotecas escolares, porém boa parte dos bibliotecários não possuem recursos básicos como computador e internet, em suas bibliotecas e que muitos infelizmente foram submetidos ao desvio de função durante este período.
What is “Where”: Physical Reasoning Informs Object Location
Authors: Boger Tal , Ullman Tomer 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A central puzzle the visual system tries to solve is: “what is where?” While a great deal of research attempts to model object recognition (“what”), a comparatively smaller body of work seeks to model object location (“where”), especially in perceiving everyday objects. How do people locate an object, right now, in front of them? In three experiments collecting over 35,000 judgements on stimuli spanning different levels of realism (line drawings, real images, and crude forms), participants clicked “where” an object is, as if pointing to it. We modeled their responses with eight different methods, including both human response-based models (judgements of physical reasoning, spatial memory, free-response “click anywhere” judgements, and judgements of where people would grab the object), and image-based models (uniform distributions over the image, convex hull, saliency map, and medial axis). Physical reasoning was the best predictor of “where,” performing significantly better than even spatial memory and free-response judgements. Our results offer insight into the perception of object locations while also raising interesting questions about the relationship between physical reasoning and visual perception.
Digeorge syndrome, schizophrenia, intellectual disability and borderline personality disorder: A case report
Authors: Khaleque Afnan , Bhandarkar Ritesh 
Published: April 2023

Background DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) is a rare genetic illness characterised by the abnormal development of the pharyngeal pouch system. It is known to have a high association with intellectual disability and psychiatric disorders. Purpose This case report details a unique 22-year journey of a 49-year-old female with an established diagnosis Intellectual disability, Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder associated with DGS. This report demonstrates the challenges faced for a patient with 22q11.2DS in the 3 intersecting domains of physical, psychiatric and psychological illness. Results The report draws attention to the limitations in follow up care, risk management and discharge settings in the face of the treatment refractory nature of her underlying health conditions. Conclusions The case highlights the lack of specific treatment guidelines and psychosocial supports for the neuropsychiatric phenotypes associated with 22q11.2DS. More research is needed to inform guidelines and considerations of care for the`-se patients.
New native Bacillus thuringiensis strains induce high insecticidal action against Culex pipiens pallens larvae and adults
Authors: Ma Xinmin , Hu Jianjian , Ding Chengsong , Portieles Roxana , Xu Hongli , Gao Jingyao , Du Lihua , Gao Xiangyou , Yue Qiulin , Zhao Lin , Borrás-Hidalgo Orlando 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMosquitoes of many species are key disease vectors, killing millions of people each year. Bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticide formulations are largely recognized as among the most effective, ecologically safe, and long-lasting methods of managing insect pests. New B. thuringiensis strains with high mosquito control effectiveness were isolated, identified, genetically defined, and physiologically characterized. Eight B. thuringiensis strains were identified and shown to carry endotoxin-producing genes. Using a scanning electron microscope, results revealed typical crystal forms of various shapes in B. thuringiensis strains. Fourteen cry and cyt genes were found in the strains examined. Although the genome of the B. thuringiensis A4 strain had twelve cry and cyt genes, not all of them were expressed, and only a few protein profiles were observed. The larvicidal activity of the eight B. thuringiensis strains was found to be positive (LC50: 1.4–28.5 g/ml and LC95: 15.3-130.3 g/ml). Bioassays in a laboratory environment demonstrated that preparations containing B. thuringiensis spores and crystals were particularly active to mosquito larvae and adults. These new findings show that the novel preparation containing B. thuringiensis A4 spores and crystals mixture might be used to control larval and adult mosquitoes in a sustainable and ecologically friendly manner.
Eta polycaprolactone (ε-PCL) implants appear to cause a partial differentiation of breast cancer lung metastasis in a murine model
Authors: Benzon Benjamin , Marijan Sandra , Pervan Matij , Čikeš Čulić Vedrana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Cells in every epithelium can be roughly divided in three compartments: stem cell (SC) compartment, transient amplifying cell (TA) compartment and terminally differentiated (TD) compartment. Maturation of stem cells is characterized by epithelial stromal interaction and sequential maturational movement of stem cell’s progeny through those compartments. In this work we hypothesize that providing an artificial stroma, which murine breast cancer metastatic cells can infiltrate, will induce their differentiation.

Methods
BALB/c female mice were injected with 106 isogenic 4T1 breast cancer cells labeled with GFP. After 20 days primary tumors were removed, and artificial ε-PCL implants were implanted on the contralateral side. After 10 more days mice were sacrificed and implants along with lung tissue were harvested. Mice were divided in four groups: tumor removal with sham implantation surgery (n = 5), tumor removal with ε-PCL implant (n = 5), tumor removal with VEGF enriched ε-PCL implant (n = 7) and mice without tumor with VEGF enriched ε-PCL implant (n = 3). Differentiational status of GFP + cells was assessed by Ki67 and activated caspase 3 expression, thus dividing the population in SC like cells (Ki67+/dim aCasp3−), TA like cells (Ki67+/dim aCasp3+/dim) and TD like cells (Ki67− aCasp3+/dim) on flow cytometry.

Results
Lung metastatic load was reduced by 33% in mice with simple ε-PCL implant when compared to tumor bearing group with no implant. Mice with VEGF enriched implants had 108% increase in lung metastatic load in comparison to tumor bearing mice with no implants. Likewise, amount of GFP + cells was higher in simple ε-PCL implant in comparison to VEGF enriched implants. Differentiation-wise, process of metastasizing to lungs reduces the average fraction of SC like cells when compared to primary tumor. This effect is made more uniform by both kinds of ε-PCL implants. The opposite process is mirrored in TA like cells compartment when it comes to averages. Effects of both types of implants on TD like cells were negligible. Furthermore, if gene expression signatures that mimic tissue compartments are analyzed in human breast cancer metastases, it turns out that TA signature is associated with increased survival probability.

Conclusion
ε-PCL implants without VEGF can reduce metastatic loads in lungs, after primary tumor removal. Both types of implants cause lung metastasis differentiation by shifting cancer cells from SC to TA compartment, leaving the TD compartment unaffected.
Effect of a board game on imprisoned women’s knowledge about sexually transmitted infections: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: da Silva Carvalho Isaiane , Mendes Ryanne Carolynne Marques Gomes , de Souza Soares Lima Laís Helena , da Silva Gabrielle Pessôa , de Freitas Gonçalves Lima Monique , Guedes Tatiane Gomes , Linhares Francisca Márcia Pereira 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Board games can be used as a playful educational practice in the teaching and learning process, as they constitute an educational technology that can be a source of health knowledge and an aid in decision-making. The objective of this research was to assess the effect of a board game on imprisoned women’s knowledge about STIs.

Methods
A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022 with 64 imprisoned women who were students at a school located in a prison unit from the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. A 32-item instrument was used to assess knowledge about sexually transmitted infections before, immediately after the intervention and at 15 days. The intervention consisted in applying the Previna board game in a classroom. All the analyses were performed in the Stata software, version 16.0, with a 5% significance level.

Results
The knowledge mean in the pre-test was 23.62 (± 3.23) points, whereas it rose to 27.93 (± 2,28) in the immediate post-test, dropping to 27.34 (± 2.37) (p < 0.001) in post-test 2, which was performed 15 days after the intervention. There was a statistically significant difference in the means obtained between the pre-test and the immediate post-test (p < 0.001), with a difference of 4.241 points, as well as between the pre-test and post-test 2 (p < 0.001), a difference of 3.846 spots.

Conclusions
The Previna board game significantly increased its players’ knowledge about STIs, and such increase in knowledge remained significant during the follow-up period.
Approach to fever in children among final-year nursing students: a multicenter survey
Authors: Milani Gregorio P. , Corsello Antonio , Fadda Marta , Falvo Ilaria , Bianchetti Mario G. , Peroni Diego , Chiappini Elena , Cantoni Barbara , Sannino Patrizio , Destrebecq Anne , Marchisio Paola 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Unfounded concerns regarding fever are increasingly observed among nurses worldwide. However, no study has so far explored the preferred approach towards pediatric fever among nursing students. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the attitude towards pediatric fever among final-year nursing students.

Methods
Between February and June 2022, final-year nursing students of 5 Italian university hospitals were asked to answer an online survey on their approach to fever in children. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were utilized. Multiple regression models were employed to explore the existence of moderators on fever conceptions.

Results
The survey was filled in by 121 nursing students (response rate 50%). Although most students (98%) do not consider discomfort to treat fever in children, only a minority would administer a second dose of the same antipyretic in nonresponsive cases (5.8%) or would alternate antipyretic drugs (13%). Most students would use physical methods to decrease fever (84%) and do not think that fever has mainly beneficial effects in children (72%). The own know-how adequacy on fever was inversely associated (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13–0.81) with the beliefs that high fever might lead to brain damage. No further predictive variable was significantly associated with the concern that fever might be associated with brain damage, the advice of physical methods use, and the assumption that fever has mostly positive effects.

Discussion
This study shows for the first time that misconceptions and inappropriate attitudes towards fever in children are common among final-year nursing students. Nursing students could potentially be ideal candidates for improving fever management within clinical practice and amongst caregivers.
Previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19
Authors: Pereira Susan Martins , Barreto Florisneide Rodrigues , de Souza Ramon Andrade , de Souza Teles Santos Carlos Antonio , Pereira Marcos , da Paixão Enny Santos , de Jesus Lima Carla Cristina Oliveira , da Natividade Marcio Santos , Lindoso Ana Angélica Bulcão Portela , Fernandes Eder Gatti , Junior Evonio Barros Campelo , Pescarini Julia Moreira , de Andrade Kaio Vinicius Freitas , de Souza Fernanda Mattos , de Britto Elisangela Alves , Nunes Ceuci , Ichihara Maria Yuri , Dalcolmo Margareth , Trajman Anete , Barral-Netto Manoel , Abubakar Ibrahim , Barreto Mauricio Lima , de Alencar Ximenes Ricardo Arraes , Rodrigues Laura Cunha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
BCG vaccination, originally used to prevent tuberculosis, is known to “train” the immune system to improve defence against viral respiratory infections. We investigated whether a previous BCG vaccination is associated with less severe clinical progression of COVID-19

Methods
A case-control study comparing the proportion with a BCG vaccine scar (indicating previous vaccination) in cases and controls presenting with COVID-19 to health units in Brazil. Cases were subjects with severe COVID-19 (O2 saturation < 90%, severe respiratory effort, severe pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock). Controls had COVID-19 not meeting the definition of “severe” above. Unconditional regression was used to estimate vaccine protection against clinical progression to severe disease, with strict control for age, comorbidity, sex, educational level, race/colour, and municipality. Internal matching and conditional regression were used for sensitivity analysis.

Results
BCG was associated with high protection against COVID-19 clinical progression, over 87% (95% CI 74–93%) in subjects aged 60 or less and 35% (95% CI − 44–71%) in older subjects.

Conclusions
This protection may be relevant for public health in settings where COVID-19 vaccine coverage is still low and may have implications for research to identify vaccine candidates for COVID-19 that are broadly protective against mortality from future variants. Further research into the immunomodulatory effects of BCG may inform COVID-19 therapeutic research.
In vivo and In vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of the PGPR Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 (MZ945930) against Alternaria alternata with growth promotion influences on Capsicum annuum L. plants
Authors: Soliman Shereen A. , Abdelhameed Reda E. , Metwally Rabab A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlternaria alternata that threatens pepper production and causes major economic harm is responsible for the leaf spot/blight disease. Chemical fungicides have been widely employed; unfortunately, fungicidal resistance is a current concern. Therefore, finding new environmentally friendly biocontrol agents is a future challenge. One of these friendly solutions is the use of bacterial endophytes that have been identified as a source of bioactive compounds. The current study investigates the in vivo and in vitro fungicidal potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 (MZ945930) against pathogenic A. alternata. In vitro, the results revealed that RaSh1 exhibited strong antagonistic activity against A. alternata. In addition to this, we inoculated pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants with B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 and infected them with A. alternata. As a result of A. alternata infection, which generated the highest leaf spot disease incidence (DI), the plant's growth indices and physio-biochemical characteristics significantly decreased, according to our findings. Our results also showed the abnormal and deformed cell structure using light and electron microscopy of A. alternata-infected leaves compared with other treatments. However, DI was greatly reduced with B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 application (40%) compared to pepper plants infected with A. alternata (80%), and this led to the largest increases in all identified physio-biochemical parameters, including the activity of the defense-related enzymes. Moreover, inoculation of pepper plants with B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 decreased electrolyte leakage by 19.53% and MDA content by 38.60% as compared to A. alternata infected ones. Our results show that the endophyte B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 has excellent potential as a biocontrol agent and positively affects pepper plant growth.
High vector diversity and malaria transmission dynamics in five sentinel sites in Cameroon
Authors: Fondjo Etienne , Toto Jean-Claude , Tchouakui Magellan , Eyisap Wolfgang Ekoko , Patchoke Salomon , Menze Benjamin , Njeambosay Boris , Zeukeug Francis , Ngomdjum Raymond Tabue , Mandeng Elysée , Elanga-Ndille Emmanuel , Kopya Edmond , Binyang Jerome Achille , Ndo Cyrille , Tene-Fossog Billy , Tedjou Armel , Nchoutpouen Elysée , Tchouine Frederic , Achu Dorothy , Ambrose Kelley , Hedje Judith , Kouambeng Celestin , Carlson Jenny , Zohdy Sarah , Chabi Joseph 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalaria remains one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Cameroon. To inform vector control intervention decision making, malaria vector surveillance was conducted monthly from October 2018 to September 2020 in five selected sentinel sites (Gounougou and Simatou in the North, and Bonabéri, Mangoum and Nyabessang in the South).MethodsHuman landing catches (HLCs), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps, and pyrethrum spray catches (PSCs) were used to assess vector density, species composition, human biting rate (HBR), endophagic index, indoor resting density (IRD), parity, sporozoite infection rates, entomological inoculation rate (EIR), andAnophelesvectorial capacity.ResultsA total of 139,322Anophelesmosquitoes from 18 species (or 21 including identified sub-species) were collected across all sites. Out of the 18 species, 12 were malaria vectors includingAnopheles gambiae sensu lato(s.l.),Anopheles funestuss.l..,Anopheles nili,Anopheles moucheti,Anopheles paludis,Anopheles demeilloni,Anopheles. pharoensis,Anopheles ziemanni,Anopheles multicinctus,Anopheles tenebrosus,Anopheles rufipes, andAnopheles marshallii.Anopheles gambiaes.l. remains the major malaria vector (71% of the totalAnopheles) collected, thoughAn. mouchetiandAn. paludishad the highest sporozoite rates in Nyabessang. The mean indoor HBR ofAnophelesranged from 11.0 bites/human/night (b/h/n) in Bonabéri to 104.0 b/h/n in Simatou, while outdoors, it varied from 24.2 b/h/n in Mangoum to 98.7 b/h/n in Simatou.Anopheles gambiae s.l. andAn. mouchetiwere actively biting until at least 8:00 a.m. The meanAnophelesIRD was 17.1 females/room, and the parity rate was 68.9%. The mean EIRs for each site were 55.4 infective bites/human/month (ib/h/m) in Gounougou, 99.0 ib/h/m in Simatou, 51.2 ib/h/m in Mangoum, 24.4 ib/h/m in Nyabessang, and 18.1 ib/h/m in Bonabéri.Anopheles gambiaes.l. was confirmed as the main malaria vector with the highest vectorial capacity in all sites based on sporozoite rate, except in Nyabessang.ConclusionThese findings highlight the high malaria transmission occurring in Cameroon and will support the National Malaria Control Program to design evidence-based malaria vector control strategies, and deployment of effective and integrated vector control interventions to reduce malaria transmission and burden in Cameroon, where severalAnophelesspecies could potentially maintain year-round transmission.
Dioscin alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis: an in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Ding Qing , Zhang Ruizhuo , Sheng Gaohong , Wang Tianqi , Jing Shaoze , Ma Tian , Wang Shanxi , Zhao Hongqi , Wu Hua , Li Wenkai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease and is the main cause of physical disability in the elderly. Currently, there is no adequate therapeutic strategy to reverse the progression of OA. Many natural plant extracts have received attention in the treatment of OA due to their potential anti-inflammatory properties, and reduced incidence of adverse events. Dioscin (Dio), a natural steroid saponin, has been demonstrated to inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines in mouse and rat models of various diseases, and has a protective effect in chronic inflammatory diseases. However, whether Dio alleviates OA progression remains to be explored. In this research, our purposes were to investigate the therapeutic potential of Dio in OA. The results demonstrated that Dio exerted anti-inflammatory effects by repressing NO, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, the application of Dio could repress IL-1β-induced overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs, including MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13) and ADAMTS-5, and improve the synthesis of collagen II and aggrecan, which contribute to the maintenance of chondrocyte matrix homeostasis. The underlying mechanism involved the inhibition of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways by Dio. Furthermore, the treatment of Dio significantly improved the pain behaviors of rat OA models. The in vivo study revealed that Dio could ameliorate cartilage erosion and degradation. These results collectively indicate that Dio can be used as a promising and effective agent for the therapy of OA.