bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Variations in Area and Terminus of Mountain Glaciers using Generalized Additive Models
Authors: Robbins Edmund , Hlaing Thu Thu , Webb Jonathan , Kachouie Nezamoddin N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Glaciers are important indictors of climate change as changes in glaciers physical features such as their area is in response to measurable evidence of fluctuating climate factors such as temperature, precipitation, and CO2. The remote nature of glaciers renders direct measurement impractical on anything other than a local scale. This project uses satellite imagery, taken by Landsat at regular intervals. The goal of this project is to quantify changes in the terminal point and area of Franz Josef and Gorner glaciers in response to climate factors. Multiple Regression and generalized additive models (GAM) are employed to identify significant climate factors that can explain and predict variations in the terminal point and area of the glaciers. Local temperature, CO2, and precipitation are identified as significant factors for predicting changes in the area of the Franz Josef glacier and movements in the terminal point of both, Franz Josef and Gorner glaciers. Area fluctuations in the Gorner glacier were best predicted by a generalized additive model including local and global temperature, CO2, and precipitation.
Genetic variation, population structure, and marker-trait association of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars using morphological characteristics and molecular markers
Authors: Fatamatuzzohora Mst , Hossain Md. Shahadat , Kang Sang Gu , Matin Mohammad Nurul 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Indigenous germplasms are the excellent sources of diversity, however, they are prone to genetic erosion, therefore exploration of genetic variability in indigenous germplasm is an essential step for future breeding programs. Discovery of genetic mechanisms of the characters in landraces that could cope adverse situations is important for maintaining world-food supply. Here rice landraces were assessed for their genetic diversity and relatedness using morpho-physiological data and SSR markers and found significant variation among yield attributing features. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variability were higher for filled grains, whereas high heritability was found for plant height. Panicle number and 100-grain weight displayed significant relationships with yield. Phylogenetic clustering of the agro-morphological traits divided the germplasms into 8 clusters, whereas SSR marker yielded 10 clusters. Markers produced 138 alleles varying from 2 to 9 with 77.53% polymorphic allele having 3.69 alleles per locus (average). The polymorphic information content indices and observed number of alleles varied among markers with 0.649 (average), exhibiting RM336, RM316, and RM287 have the greatest potentiality in exploring genetic diversity among genotypes. The genotypes Dolkochu, Jolduba, BRRI Dhan-32, and Mokbul were present in a single cluster and showed wider variability, indicating their potentiality to be parents in hybridization programs in crop breeding. Population structure study demonstrated that the genotypes were structurally diverse that grouped the accessions into two sub-populations (K = 2). Twenty-one marker-trait associations (p < 0.05) for 8 characteristics were identified. These diverse germplasms and polymorphic trait-linked markers might be suitable for molecular breeding.
Integrated analysis from multicentre studies identities RNA methylation- related lncRNA risk stratification systems for glioma
Authors: Huang Fanxuan , Wang Xinyu , Zhong Junzhe , Chen Hao , Song Dan , Xu Tianye , Tian Kaifu , Sun Penggang , Sun Nan , Ma Wenbin , Liu Yuxiang , Yu Daohan , Meng Xiangqi , Jiang Chuanlu , Xuan Hanwen , Qian Da , Cai Jinquan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background:N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C) and N1-methyladenosine (m5C) are the main RNA methylation modifications involved in the progression of cancer. However, it is still unclear whether RNA methylation-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) affect the prognosis of glioma.
Methods:We summarized 32 m6A/m5C/m1A-related genes, downloaded RNA-seq data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify associated with differential expression (DE-) RNA methylation-related lncRNAs to construct a prognostic signature of glioma and their correlation with immune function, immune therapy and drug sensitivity analyzed. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to elucidate the effects of RNA methylation-related lncRNAs on glioma.
Results:A total of ten RNA methylation-related lncRNAs were used to construct a survival and prognosis model, which had good independent prediction ability for patients. It was found that the high-risk group has worse overall survival (OS) than the low-risk group with all cohort. In addition, the risk group inform immune function, immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity of patients with glioma in different subgroups. Knockdown of RP11-98I9.4 and RP11-752G15.8 induced a more invasive phenotype, accelerated cell growth and apparent resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) both in vitro and in vivo. We identified significantly elevated global RNA m5C and m6A levels in glioma cells.
Conclusion: Our study determined the prognostic implication of the RNA methylation-related lncRNAs in gliomas, established the RNA methylation-related lncRNAs prognostic model, and elucidated that RP11-98I9.4 and RP11-752G15.8 could suppressglioma proliferation, migration and TMZ-resistant. In the future, these RNA methylation-related lncRNA may become a new choice for immunotherapy of glioma.
A Novel Controller Strategy for Damping LCL Oscillations in Reduced DC Voltage fed Single Phase D-STATCOM
Authors: Satpathy Guddy , De Dipankar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This work focuses on a new topology-control basedD-STATCOM solution with reduced DC bus voltage requirementand with an excellent grid side performances. The proposedconcept consists of a main shunt converter and a series converterwith a transformer to achieve the desired DC bus reduction.The active damping based on capacitor current feedback andassociated additional capacitor current sensor requirement areeliminated by using a proposed double controller structure for seriesand shunt converters with only series current as a controlledvariable. Moreover, the stability related issues based on converterinductor selection is studied extensively for the above controllerand superiority of the proposed concept is demonstrated. Theproposed solution is verified through simulation studies andthrough a scaled-down experimental prototype.
Delaying browning of fresh cut taro root via carbohydrate metabolism and AsA-GSH cycle under high voltage electrostatic field treatment
Authors: Cai Yue , Zhu Jie , Wang Mengjun , Nian Linyu , Cheng Shujie , Cao Chongjiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Taro (Colocasia esculenta) root is regarded as an important food crop in China, which can provide starch and vitamins and other nutrients. Taro root industry has brought good economic value to China. However, fresh cut taro root is easy to brown in a short time, resulting in lower acceptance and shorter shelf life, which greatly reduce the economic benefits of taro industry. This research was aimed to study the antioxidant effects of High voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on taro root through carbohydrate metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system. The results showed that HVEF could retain starch and sucrose contents, enhanced activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), neutral invertase (NI), hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and inhibited activities of α-amylase and sucrose synthase (SS) to maintain nutrients. Moreover, HVEF enhanced ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents, promoted the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductases (GR) to resist browning and prolong shelf life. Overall results indicate that HVEF is an effectively physical preservation method delaying browning via carbohydrate metabolism and ROS scavenging system for fresh cut taro root.
Modeling and Evaluation of Effective Factors on thermal islands with an approach based on fuzzy systems: A case study of Tehran
Authors: Arandin Navid , Arabi Mahdi , Jahdi Roghayeh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Urban heat islands are areas where the development of urbanization and human activities have significantly increased the temperature of the area compared to the surrounding areas. The main goal of this research was to provide a simple, developable and appropriate analytical model so that it can contribute to the better management of urban services by predicting the areas with the highest probability of heat islands and accurate analytical estimation of its factors. In this study, a fuzzy logic method has been used to determine the location of heat islands in Tehran. First, all the factors are identified, and then Their analysis was assigned to each of the weighted data, finally by writing the law of fuzzy comparison, the comparison between the layers, and the extracted layers are done. According to the modeling results, the presence of urban heat islands causes warming of 1.3°C in summer and 1.4°C in winter. Due to the presence and development of cities and urban heat islands, the average O3 pollutants have increased by about 0.5 ppb, the average NO2 pollutants by about 2 ppb, and CO by about 40 ppb. Finally, by considering the coefficient of these factors and comparing the data of the model, an accuracy of 78.6% was obtained. The final results showed that in regions 9, 10, 11, 17, and 18 and parts of region 21 of Tehran, the possibility of heat islands is very high.
Position of the mandibular foramen in relation to the occlusal plane in children with skeletal class malocclusion
Authors: Keskin Arif , Çiçekcibaşı Aynur Emine , Açar Gülay , Mağat Güldane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is frequently used in the procedures desired to be performed on the teeth in the mandible and the surrounding tissues. The aim of this study was to reveal the position of the mandibular foramen (MF) according to the malocclusion types on panoramic radiographs (PR) of children aged 9–18 years living with malocclusion in Turkey.Methods Panoramic and cephalometric radiographs of total 330 patients between 9–18 years old were retrospectively analyzed. The skeletal malocclusion types were grouped as Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 according on lateral cephalometric radiographs. The location of MF in malocclusion types was evaluated according to age and gender.Results It was observed that the distances to the occlusal plane, posterior edge and gonion point increased with increasing age, while the distance to the anterior edge decreased. A significant difference was found according to age and gender in all malocclusion types (p < 0.05)Conclusion It was observed that the MF was positioned upward parallel to the increase in age and approached the midpoint of the mandibular ramus from the posterior. The fact that FM is positioned higher than occlusal plane in Class 3 malocclusions compared to other types and differs by gender will guide clinicians in providing effective and safe IANB in pediatric malocclusions.
Exosome-sheathed ROS-responsive nanogel as a novel drug carrier for targeted therapy of perimenopausal depression
Authors: Hu Yue , Zhao Min , Wang Hui , Guo Yang , Cheng Xiaolan , Zhao Tong , Zhang Yafeng , Ma Yong , Tao Weiwei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The development of natural membranes as coatings for nanoparticles to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents an effective approach for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In this study, we have designed a nanogel loaded with PACAP and estrogen (E2), sheathed with exosomes and responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), denoted as HA NGs@exosomes. The objective of this novel design is to serve as a potent drug carrier for the targeted treatment of perimenopausal depression. The efficient cellular uptake and BBB penetration of HA NGs@exosomes has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Following intranasal intervention with HA NGs@exosomes, ovariectomized mice under chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) have shown improved behavioral performance, indicating that HA NGs@exosomes produced a rapid-onset antidepressant effect. Moreover, HA NGs@exosomes exhibit notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may regulate the expression of pivotal proteins in the PACAP/PAC1 pathway to promote synaptic plasticity. Our results serve as a proof-of-concept for the utility of exosome-sheathed ROS-responsive nanogel as a promising drug carrier for the treatment of perimenopausal depression.
The importance of early-stage blood pressure control in thyroid cancer patients treated with lenvatinib from the perspective of dose intensity
Authors: Masaki Chie , Shioya Junko , Sugino Kiminori , Terasawa Yukiko , Yokotsuka Satoshi , Nakata Misako , Kitagawa Wataru , Ito Koichi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose:Lenvatinib (LEN) is a multikinase inhibitor that strongly inhibits tyrosine kinase receptors, especially VEGFR-2, which can cause hypertension, as well as strong tumor shrinkage. Though control of any side effects (SEs) is important for maintaining dose intensity (DI), hypertension is particularly important, because blood pressure (BP) can change quickly and respond to LEN administration and withdrawal, and can be controlled with antihypertensive medications. Focusing on the early phase of treatment, the effect of BP 8 weeks after LEN initiation (BP8w) on DI at 8 weeks (DI8w) was investigated.Methods:The subjects were 85 thyroid cancer patients who started LEN at 24 mg/day and continued for ≥8 weeks. The BP at the start of LEN (BPbase), BP8wgrade, and DI8wwere examined.Results:Median (range) systolic BP changed significantly from BPbaseof 117 (84-167) mmHg to BP8wof 134 (103-168) mmHg (p<0.001). Antihypertensive treatment at baseline, systolic BPbase, and male sex were related to higher DI8won multivariate analysis. The median DI8wof the 23 patients who required dose modification due to hypertension was 20.2 mg/day (n=6) in grade 1, 15.8 mg/day (n=13) in grade 2, and 14.5 mg/day (n=4) in grade 3, showing a trend toward lower DI8was the grade level increased.Conclusion:LEN can increase BP by 20 mmHg at 8 weeks even with intensive antihypertensive management. Baseline antihypertensive treatment and BPbasecan affect DI8w. A higher DI8wmay be achieved by aiming for a low 8-week BP with more intensive antihypertensive care after LEN initiation.
Algorithm for Constructing Ergodic Location Networks using Discrete Markov Chains
Authors: Mizuno Shinya , Ohba Haruka , Sadakuni Shingo , Matsuda Takashi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
For a region's tourism strategy, connecting famous locations to the surrounding locations can activate the entire area. Connections between locations can be obtained by calculating the central locations of the area and creating routes to other locations from there. This study proposes an algorithm to obtain ergodicity in discrete Markov chains using network centrality relations. The number of calculations to obtain ergodicity was compared using several definitions of network centrality, making it possible to select a type of network centrality for the target network. The proposed method clarifies the network’s central locations and how transition probabilities between locations can be adjusted to achieve an ergodic network. If the location network holds ergodicity, a stationary distribution of the Markov chain exists and optimization applications are expected. Numerical calculations were used to demonstrate the method’s applicability to various networks. Furthermore, using a Wi-Fi log, we observed that the proposed method can reconstruct a network with ergodicity for networks that use access points as locations, indicating the social applicability of the proposed method. The proposed method can be used to analyze various networks in modern society, such as facility operations and tourism stimulation. This method applies to human traffic management and stay analysis in facility operations. To promote tourism, by considering tourist sites as network locations, the method clarifies which routes should be prioritized to construct an uninterrupted tourist network, making the construction and operation of an extensive tourist network possible.
Facial expression detection using Viola-Jones algorithm in the learning environment
Authors: Aouani Hadhami , Ayed Yassine Ben 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Emotion recognition using facial expression is an active research topic in the field of computer vision. In this paper, our system is based on a three-step approach, namely face detection, feature extraction and classification. Face detection takes photos/videos for information and finds face areas in these images. Facial extraction finds important highlights positions (eyes, mouth, nose and ocular temples) within a distinguished face using the Viola-Jones algorithm. In order to extract the faces, we have built a database of face images. We propose two systems: our first facial emotion recognition system supports the classification of the raw face inputs, the second extracts the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) from the face image. We use Support Vector Machines (SVM) for the classification phase. The experiments are conducted at the Ryerson Multimedia Laboratory (RML) dataset.The results of our experiments showed good accuracy compared to previous studies.
Effects of Environmental Regulation on Corporates Tax Evasion
Authors: Ya'u Abba , Miraz Mahadi Hasan , Umar Muhammad Abdullahi , Aigbogun Osaro , Saad Natrah , Rengasamy Dhanuskodi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The extent of corporate tax evasion and underreporting globally is increasing and taking new dimensions. Multinational corporations are taking advantage of the certain tax system to evade tax across countries. Governments lose huge amounts of revenue from large corporation tax evasion behavior, it was estimated that countries lose about 4-10 percent of global corporate income tax revenues to corporate tax evasion, which could have been used for health care delivery, education, and infrastructural development. The objective of this study is to determine the corporate tax evasion variables. The quantitative research approach was employed, a survey was used to collect the data from 312 oil and gas companies, SPSS and PLS-SEM were used to analyze the data. By expanding the economic deterrence theory with the economic theory of regulation, the results show that tax rate, detection probability, and penalty have a positive and significant relationship with corporate tax evasion. The result further revealed that environmental regulation has a positive and significant relationship with corporate tax evasion. The result of this study implied that tax rate, detection probability, penalty, and environmental regulation are the determinants of corporate tax evasion. This paper extends economic deterrence theory with economic theory of regulation, through environmental regulation as a predictor variable. The finding provides novel knowledge in taxation domain by integrating the two theories from different disciplines. Fundamentally, the effect of environmental regulation on corporate tax evasion is new in the literature, hence, it will serve as the foundation and basis for reference in future research. Therefore, policymakers globally, should design appropriate tax penalty systems, establish robust detection mechanisms, restructure the tax rate, and formulate friendly environmental regulations to reduce the level of corporate tax evasion among large and multinational companies across the globe.
JEL E6; E7; E70; E71
Nucleon electromagnetic form factors at large momentum transfer from lattice QCD
Authors: Syritsyn Sergey , Engelhardt Michael , Green Jeremy , Pochinsky Andrew , Negele John , Meinel Stefan , Krieg Stefan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Nucleon form factors at large momentum transfer are important for understanding the transition from nonperturbative to perturbative QCD and have been the focus of experiment and phenomenology. We calculate proton and neutron electromagnetic form factors GE,M (Q2) from first principles using nonperturbative methods of lattice QCD. We have accumulated large Monte Carlo statistics to study form factors up to momentum transfer Q2 ≲ 8 GeV2 with a range of lattice spacings as well as quark masses that approach the physical point. In this paper, results of initial analyses are presented and compared to experiment, and potential sources of systematic uncertainty are discussed.
Design and construction of shuttle expression vectors for non- conventional yeasts and bacteria
Authors: Ji Liyun , Xu Shuo , Zhang Yue , Bilal Muhammad , Cheng Hairong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Synthetic biology seeks to engineer microbial cells for sustainable efficient production of value-added biofuels and bioproducts from low-cost renewable feedstocks. In order to resolve the conflicts of carbon flux between cell growth and bioproducts synthesis, the dynamic up-regulation on the bioproduct synthesis pathways and down-regulation on the competitive pathways simultaneously could be adjusted by promoter sets with diverse strengths. The development of broad-spectrum promoter libraries comprising promoters of varying strengths for different hosts without tedious reconstruction processes are attractive for biosynthetic engineers. In this study, we observed that five K. marxianus promoters (km.PDC1, km.FBA1, km.TEF1, km.TDH3, km.ENO1) can all express genes in Y. lipolytica and that five Y. lipolytica promoters (yl.hp4d, yl.FBA1in, yl.TEF1, yl.TDH1, yl.EXP1) can all express genes in K. marxianus with variable expression strengths. Interestingly, we also found two yeast promoters could shuttle express reporter genes in P. pastoris, E. coli and C. glutamicum. The yl.TEF1 promoter can also strongly express amylase and RFP in yeast P. pastoris and the eukaryotic promoter km.TEF1 can constitutively strong express RFP in bacterium E. coli and C. glutamicum. The RFP expression strength of the promoter km.TEF1 reached ∼20% to that of the T7 promoter in E. coli and was much stronger (more than 10 times) than in K. marxianus. Our work will expand the future development of broad host acceptable dynamic regulated systems with these broad-spectrum promoters for dynamically orchestrate the carbon flux to maximize target bioproduct synthesis.