bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refining the online health information searcher typology: Applying the patient health engagement model
Authors: Macias Wendy , Lee Mina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite numerous quantitative findings on online health information seeking, little is known about the process of online health information seeking itself.ObjectivesThe study aimed to learn about how adults search for health information online, whether Macias et al.'s Online Health Searcher Typology applies to a broader, non‐university sample, and to better identify and understand online health searchers by employing the Patient Health Engagement (PHE) model.MethodsThis study examined the role of engagement in online health information search processes using think‐aloud qualitative interviews with 11 participants in their 30s to 70s. The research applied both thematic analysis and a quantitative coding scheme based on the PHE model to analyse the qualitative data that consists of 500 pages of think‐aloud verbatim transcripts.ResultsThis study found that four (flounderer, skimmer, digester and devourer) out of five types emerged as distinct search styles. Insights into engagement helped distinguish online health searcher types in this sample.ConclusionThe dynamics of the engagement dimension indicate that the online health information search process is multi‐dimensional. It is comprised of different levels of cognitive, emotional, and conative responses, further extending the PHE model. Health science librarians and health professionals have a unique opportunity to help individuals better navigate online health search.
Cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and osteoinductive profile of an MTA‐hydrogel‐based cement: An in vitro and animal study
Authors: Martins Manoela Domingues , Coelho Fernanda Hack , Moreira Maria Stella , Marques Márcia Martins , Pilar Emily Ferreira Salles , Palo Renato Miotto , Silveira Felipe Martins , Kopper Patrícia Maria Poli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and osteoinductive profile of a mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)‐hydrogel‐based material (MTA Flow) in comparison with MTA Angelus.MethodologyCell viability was evaluated in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) using the methyl‐thiazol‐tetrazolium (MTT) colourimetric assay. Polyethylene tubes containing the tested materials and empty polyethylene tubes (control) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats. Cellular (lymphocyte infiltration) and extracellular events (ECM; collagen fibres) were analysed in histological sections. Immunohistochemical (collagen I, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, bone morphogenetic protein4) analyses were also performed.ResultsAt 24, 48 and 72 h, all tested groups showed cell viability similar to control (p > .05). Regarding biocompatibility, all groups showed similar cellular events represented by a slight inflammatory reaction characterized by hyperaemia and a mild lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate. The analysis of lymphocytes during the time showed a decrease in these cells in the control group and a significant interaction between MTA Angelus and control (p < .001), with MTA Angelus showing a more extensive inflammatory infiltrate. Regarding fibres, an increase in content was observed in all groups during the experimental time (7, 30 and 60 days), however, no difference was detected among the experimental groups (p = .063). After 60 days, the immunoexpression of bone matrix proteins in the MTA Flow group was similar to or higher than that observed in the MTA Angelus and in the control group.ConclusionsMTA Flow showed a non‐cytotoxic behaviour, biocompatibility and ability to stimulate tissue mineralization.
A behavioural livelihoods approach to address psychosocial constraints to empowerment
Authors: Lenhardt Amanda , Diwakar Vidya , Tumusiime Emmanuel , Simbaya Joseph , Moonga Arthur Monze 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLittle is known about psychosocial or ‘internal’ behaviours that can perpetuate chronic poverty and how to alleviate them in development programmes. This paper presents a conceptual and evaluation framework examining the relationship between a person's psychosocial behaviours, empowerment and economic wellbeing. The framework shows empowerment is enabled or limited by internal behaviours – including one's identity, aspiration, hope and confidence. We tested the framework on a behaviour change intervention among 1508 extremely poor smallholder farmers in Zambia. The intervention was a six‐session curriculum for promoting positive mindsets using faith‐based messages. We used concurrent mixed methods to examine changes and differences in levels of empowerment for individuals exposed to the intervention and those not. We found significant correlations between participation in the intervention and improvements in participants' internal attitudes and overall empowerment. The framework and mixed methods evaluation offer insights into how to design programmes to address internal constraints to empowerment.
COVID‐19 in Morocco's region: Observational study of prevalence in symptomatic adults using the PANBIOS® rapid antigen test September 2021
Authors: Haroun Abbas Ermilo , Obtel Majdouline , El Hilali Samia , Zeghari Zhor , Oulachguer Najat , Idrissi Karim Sbai , Razine Rachid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRapid antigen tests have emerged to deal with the COVID‐19 pandemic. Rapid diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is essential to reduce the spread of the disease. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of COVID‐19 infection and test the sensitivity and specificity in Temara‐Skhirat in symptomatic adults through PANBIOS® test.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted in mid‐September 2021. Two investigators conducted data collection from symptomatic adult patients. The diagnostic performance of the PANBIOS®, and the PCR was assessed to calculate sensitivity and the specificity.ResultsAmong 206 symptomatic participants, the mean age was 38 ± 12 years, and the majority were women (59%). In our population, 80% had benefited from the anti‐COVID vaccine. The median duration of symptoms was 4 days; the most common symptoms were fatigue (62%), headache (52%), fever (48%), cough (34%), loss of smell (25%), loss of taste (24%), and sore throat (22%). Results revealed 23% of cases tested positive with PANBIOS® test versus 30% with the PCR test. The calculated medical decision between PCR versus PANBIOS® test showed high specificity of 95.7% and a sensitivity of 69.4%. There was concordance between the PANBIOS® test and the PCR.ConclusionThe prevalence tested remain high, and the sensitivity and specificity of the PANBIOS® versus PCR test are similar to other literatures and close to value described in WHO recommendations. PANBIOS® is a useful test for controlling the spread of COVID‐19 allowing identification of active infection.
Systematic reviews as a metaknowledge tool: caveats and a review of available options
Authors: Avenali Alessandro , Daraio Cinzia , Di Leo Simone , Matteucci Giorgio , Nepomuceno Thyago 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development of information and communication technologies accompanied by the exponential growth of electronic scholarly publications and computer archives has led, on the one hand, to the development of techniques for the systematic analysis of published literature and, on the other hand, to a significant growth in the number of literature reviews conducted and published. A systematic literature review seeks to comprehensively identify and synthesize all studies conducted on a given topic. However, how does one ensure that the entire state of the art on a given topic has been covered? How does one collect and select a large number of publications on a given topic, and how does one analyze the knowledge extracted from these publications? In other words, how do we use systematic literature analysis to produce new knowledge from existing knowledge? To make the best use of the various tools available today for conducting systematic reviews, it is necessary to be aware of their limitations. In the paper, we provide illustrations, examples, and detailed information on the various alternatives for conducting systematic reviews, presenting a review of available sources and tools. We report an analysis of the articles published in the journal International Transactions in Operational Research to show the potential and limitations of systematic review versus domain expert‐based selection. Finally, we show that a good systematic review relies on the intelligent combination of the latest tools available for conducting systematic research with the knowledge of domain experts.
Relationship between anxiety and quality of life among older adults with self‐reported polypharmacy in long‐term care: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dangerfield Hannah J. , Scott Judith M. , Zohn Jennifer H. , Segal Daniel L. , Benton Melissa J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the relationship between anxiety and quality of life among older adults with self‐reported polypharmacy living in the long‐term care setting.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsBetween July 2021 and August 2022, 92 older adults living in long‐term care completed an anonymous one‐time questionnaire packet. Polypharmacy was measured as self‐reported five or more medications daily. Anxiety was measured using the Geriatric Anxiety Scale‐Long Term Care tool. Quality of life was measured as health‐related quality of life using two global questions from the RAND‐36 and as medication‐related quality of life using the Medication‐Related Quality of Life Scale.ResultsThe prevalence of polypharmacy was 89%. Among participants with polypharmacy, average age was 80.1 ± 7.9 years. The majority were female (70%) and white (85%). There was a moderate‐to‐strong correlation between anxiety and quality of life. Specifically, anxiety was negatively related to current health‐related quality of life, perceived change in health‐related quality of life and medication‐related quality of life. Overall, anxiety explained 27–31% of the variance in both health‐related and medication‐related quality of life.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that as anxiety increases, health‐related and medication‐related quality of life decreases in older adults living in long‐term care who report consuming five or more medications daily. Advanced practice nurses can use these findings to guide practice, tailor interventions and improve care for these long‐term care residents.ImplicationsMultiple medications are increasingly prescribed to treat multiple comorbidities in older adults. As a result, the prevalence of polypharmacy (≥5 medications per day) is rising and problematic. The main findings of this study highlight the negative relationship between anxiety and quality of life in this population and the need for adequate assessment of anxiety by advanced practice nurses in order to personalize care.Reporting MethodIn preparing the manuscript, the authors have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines and the STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution outside of participation in the actual study for purposes of data collection.
Cultural background in digital literacy of elementary and middle school students: Self‐appraisal versus actual performance
Authors: Hadad Shlomit , Watted Abeer , Blau Ina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntegration of digital technologies in schools raises the need of students to master technological, cognitive, and social digital literacy (DL) competencies.ObjectivesBased on Hofstede's dimensional paradigm for defining culture, we address the cultural context and examine perceived and actual DL of Arabic‐speaking minority students in Israel.MethodsFirst, 402 Arabic‐speaking minority students from elementary Arabic‐speaking schools and 232 students from middle schools reported their DL based on the DL framework. Among them, 347 elementary and 205 middle school students performed a battery of DL tasks.Findings and ConclusionsThe findings revealed a very low level of DL performance by minority students in both elementary and middle schools. The highest performance score was in information literacy:M = 1.49 andM = 1.55 out of 5.00 for elementary and middle school students respectively. Despite ubiquitous use of social networks, the lowest score was obtained in social–emotional literacy—0.23 for both elementary and middle school students. In contrast to performance, both elementary and middle school minority students estimated their digital literacy competencies as high or very high. Among the elementary students, a weak correlation was found between their DL perceptions and performance of the photo‐visual, branching, and social–emotional literacies. Among the middle school students, the only significant correlation was found between perceptions and performance of reproduction literacy. The findings raise the need to improve DL competencies of minority students and develop their metacognitive abilities. This helps to assess their DL more accurately, in order to ensure their successful functioning in digital environments. Theoretical and educational implications of the findings are discussed.
The polyphenol EGCG directly targets intracellular amyloid‐β aggregates and promotes their lysosomal degradation
Authors: Secker Christopher , Motzny Angelika Y. , Kostova Simona , Buntru Alexander , Helmecke Lucas , Reus Laura , Steinfort Robert , Brusendorf Lydia , Boeddrich Annett , Neuendorf Nancy , Diez Lisa , Schmieder Peter , Schulz Aline , Czekelius Constantin , Wanker Erich E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe accumulation of amyloidogenic protein aggregates in neurons is a pathogenic hallmark of a large number of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Small molecules targeting such structures and promoting their degradation may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of AD. Here, we searched for natural chemical compounds that decrease the abundance of stable, proteotoxic β‐sheet‐rich amyloid‐β (Aβ) aggregates in cells. We found that the polyphenol (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) functions as a potent chemical aggregate degrader in SH‐EP cells. We further demonstrate that a novel, fluorescently labeled EGCG derivative (EGC‐dihydroxybenzoate (DHB)‐Rhodamine) also shows cellular activity. It directly targets intracellular Aβ42 aggregates and competes with EGCG for Aβ42 aggregate binding in vitro. Mechanistic investigations indicated a lysosomal accumulation of Aβ42 aggregates in SH‐EP cells and showed that lysosomal cathepsin activity is critical for efficient EGCG‐mediated aggregate clearance. In fact, EGCG treatment leads to an increased abundance of active cathepsin B isoforms and increased enzymatic activity in our SH‐EP cell model. Our findings suggest that intracellular Aβ42 aggregates are cleared through the endo‐lysosomal system. We show that EGCG directly targets intracellular Aβ42 aggregates and facilitates their lysosomal degradation. Small molecules, which bind to protein aggregates and increase their lysosomal degradation could have therapeutic potential for the treatment of amyloid diseases.image
Validation of the parent‐proxy version of the pediatric Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease quality of life instrument for children aged 0–7 years
Authors: Wu Tong Tong , Finkel Richard S. , Siskind Carly E. , Feely Shawna M. E. , Burns Joshua , Reilly Mary M. , Muntoni Francesco , Milev Evelin , Estilow Timothy , Shy Michael E. , Ramchandren Sindhu ,   Childhood CMT Study Group of the Inherited Neuropathy Consortium
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the parent‐proxy version of the pediatric Charcot Marie Tooth specific quality of life (pCMT‐QOL) outcome instrument for children aged 7 or younger with CMT. We have previously developed and validated the direct‐report pCMT‐QOL for children aged 8–18 years and a parent proxy version of the instrument for children 8–18 years old. There is currently no CMT‐QOL outcome measure for children aged 0–7 years old.MethodsTesting was conducted in parents or caregivers of children aged 0–7 years old with CMT evaluated at participating INC sites from the USA, United Kingdom, and Australia. The development of the instrument was iterative, involving identification of relevant domains, item pool generation, prospective pilot testing and clinical assessments, structured focus group interviews, and psychometric testing. The parent‐proxy instrument was validated rigorously by examining previously identified domains and undergoing psychometric tests for children aged 0–7.ResultsThe parent‐proxy pCMT‐QOL working versions were administered to 128 parents/caregivers of children aged 0–7 years old between 2010 and 2016. The resulting data underwent rigorous psychometric analysis, including factor analysis, internal consistency, and convergent validity, and longitudinal analysis to develop the final parent‐proxy version of the pCMT‐QOL outcome measure for children aged 0–7 years old.ConclusionsThe parent‐proxy version of the pCMT‐QOL outcome measure, known as the pCMT‐QOL (0–7 years parent‐proxy) is a valid and sensitive proxy measure of health‐related QOL for children aged 0–7 years with CMT.
Isolation, in vitro culture, and characterization of black crappie, Pomoxis nigromaculatus and white crappie, P. annularis ovarian tissue primary cells
Authors: Bhattarai Sujan , Jones Jacob H. , Renukdas Nilima N. , Kelly Anita M. , Perera Dayan A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInvestigations were conducted to develop a general protocol for the isolation and in vitro culture of ovary‐derived cells from black crappie, Pomoxis nigromaculatus, and white crappie, P. annularis. Five digestive enzymes: 500 U/mL collagenase type I, 500 U/mL collagenase type IV, 0.05% trypsin‐EDTA, 0.25% trypsin‐EDTA, and 1X TrypLE™ Express were evaluated for live cell isolation. The isolated cells were cultured in 10 or 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) in L‐15 growth media. In addition, four incubation temperatures (15°C, 20°C, 25°C, and 30°C) were also evaluated. The number of live cells obtained from the 0.25% trypsin and TrypLE™ Express treatments was significantly higher than other treatments. No difference in cell growth was observed between the two FBS treatments. Cells isolated using TrypLE™ Express and 0.25% trypsin reached 80% to 90% confluency in 12.5 cm2 cell culture flasks within 5 days of inoculation at 20 and 25°C. At 15°C, 10 days were required to reach 80%–90% confluency. Morphologically, cells incubated at 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C appeared healthier than cells incubated at 30°C, where irregular cell shape and substrate detachment were observed. We concluded TrypLE™ Express and 0.25% trypsin were optimal for cell dissociation and isolation of crappie ovarian cells. An incubation temperature of 20°C–25°C was favorable for cell culture in L‐15 media supplemented with either 10% or 20% FBS.
Agrarian extractivism: Addressing actors and their agency at the national level
Authors: Giacalone Rita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe literature on the transformation of Latin American agrarian productive and trade patterns (1990s to 2010s) tends to overemphasize traits of the agrarian extractivism concept, such as intensive mono‐production for exportation, sectoral disarticulation, concentration of benefits and power outside the producing nation, and degradation of environmental and labor conditions. At the same time, an analysis of the experiences of the Argentine and Brazilian soy chains shows that they include characteristics that the literature does not usually incorporate. After reviewing the literature and two case studies, we discuss the need to incorporate the agency of national state and nonstate actors into the analysis of agrarian extractivism. We argue that addressing this level and these actors' agency is necessary to understand the potential link between agrarian extractivism and economic development in Latin America. Empirical research relies on publications based on fieldwork and statistics. This article theorizes that agrarian systems are made up of chains whose links specialize in different distinct functions, and their actors' economic behavior is determined by their decision‐making (agency) capacity and rational choice. Power in chains is relational and mutates over time and according to changes in context, so this configuration opens the possibility of fostering economic development options through national actors and justifies their inclusion in the analysis of agrarian extractivism.
Doing the ‘write’ thing: handwriting and typing support in secondary schools in England
Authors: Sumner Emma , Nightingale Ruth , Gurney Karen , Prunty Mellissa , Barnett Anna L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudents must be able to produce legible and fluent text when completing classwork and for exam purposes. Some students, however, present with handwriting difficulties in secondary school. When these are significant, intervention may be necessary or alternatives to handwriting may be offered (e.g. use of a word processor). Little is known about current practice of supporting secondary students with handwriting difficulties in England and how recommendations are made to transition to typing. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 13 practitioners with a responsibility for supporting students with handwriting difficulties. Two themes were identified. The first theme, ‘doing the right thing’, illustrated the tension between practitioners' commitment to supporting students with handwriting difficulties and their uncertainty around what is the ‘right’ approach. The second theme, ‘influencing practice’, described the contextual factors (student and family, school environment and national context) that impact on practitioners' practice and their decision to transition from handwriting to typing. Findings highlight the complexities of supporting this group of students and an urgent need for guidance at a national level to assist best practice. Implications for practice are discussed. Further research examining the effectiveness of handwriting interventions with secondary students and the optimum time to start typing is warranted.
The log‐moment formula for implied volatility
Authors: Raval Vimal , Jacquier Antoine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe revisit the foundational Moment Formula proved by Roger Lee fifteen years ago. We show that in the absence of arbitrage, if the underlying stock price at time T admits finite log‐moments for some positive q, the arbitrage‐free growth in the left wing of the implied volatility smile for T is less constrained than Lee's bound. The result is rationalized by a market trading discretely monitored variance swaps wherein the payoff is a function of squared log‐returns, and requires no assumption for the underlying price to admit any negative moment. In this respect, the result can be derived from a model‐independent setup. As a byproduct, we relax the moment assumptions on the stock price to provide a new proof of the notorious Gatheral–Fukasawa formula expressing variance swaps in terms of the implied volatility.