bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening EFL Teachers’ and Learners’ Perceptions of Emergency Remote Teaching During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Isaee Hossein , Barjesteh Hamed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Virtual, distant and blended learning are not unheard of and have been practiced in ELT context for quite a while; however, the abrupt shift to online education during COVID-19 was entirely different from the actual online education (Hodges et al., 2020), and it should rather be named as Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT). In effect, the present mixed-methods study aimed to screen EFL teachers’ and learners’ perceptions of ERT classes as well as discovering the probable (non)alignment between their attitudes. Hence, 20 EFL teachers and 30 learners were invited for the qualitative phase of the study who underwent semi-structured interviews. Moreover, 34 EFL teachers and 70 learners participated in the quantitative phase by responding a self-report questionnaire on their experiences with ERT classes. The data from the questionnaire helped researchers gain a general profile of the participants’ attitudes as both groups expressed satisfaction with ERT which indicated relative alignment between their perceptions. The qualitative analysis of teachers’ data manifested two thematic categories: 1) engaging online EFL learners, and 2) enhancing receptive and productive skills via online instruction. Besides, EFL learners’ data revealed their belief in: 1) enhancing digital competence and technological knowledge, and 2) improving communicative language learning through online instruction. The findings contributed to ELT teachers’ awareness of applying online instruction to elevate EFL learners’ technological knowledge, to improve teaching receptive and productive skills, and to create an interactive learning atmosphere through meticulous selection of tasks and activities in order for the learners to be passionately engaged in classroom communication.
Identifying ferroptosis-related genes associated with coronary heart disease based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Chai Zhongyi , Hu Rong , Du Xin , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a prevalent type of organ disease, caused by atherosclerosis, and is the leading cause of global human mortality. Ferroptosis, a recently discovered form of programmed cell death, is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differential expression of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and their potential relationship with CHD.
Methods: The CHD datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and microarray data was normalized and analyzed for differential expression genes (DEGs) using R software. FRGs were retrieved from the FerrDb and GeneCards databases, and their intersection with DEGs was determined using Venn diagrams. The differential expression FRGs were subjected to further analyses, including GO, KEGG, GSEA, transcription factor analysis, and PPI network analysis. Immune infiltration analysis was performed on both control and CHD groups, and diagnostic biomarkers for CHD were identified by constructing ROC curves. Finally, the expression of the diagnostic biomarkers at the gene level in mice was validated using qRT-PCR assay.
Results: Our study identified 25 DEGs associated with ferroptosis, which were enriched in various biological processes, including response to extracellular stimulus, regulation of protein ubiquitination, DNA-templated, and autophagy of mitochondrion. The KEGG pathway and GSEA indicated that these DEGs were mainly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and the NF-kappa B signaling pathway. The PPI network analysis identified 6 key genes in the network. The correlation analysis between the expression of these key genes and immune cells showed a significant relationship. Diagnostic biomarkers for CHD, including ICTSB, GABARAPL1, and VDR, were identified using ROC analysis. The expression trends of these biomarkers were further validated using qRT-PCR, which confirmed the consistency with the bioinformatics analysis.
Conclusions: Our study identified CTSB, GABARAPL1, and VDR as potential diagnostic biomarkers for CHD. In the future, in-vivo studies are necessary to validate our findings and confirm their clinical utility.
Effect of kinesophobia on postoperative rehabilitation outcomes of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Yaqiong , Zhong Guiqin , Zhong Shichai , Lin Jingjing , Lin Yanjuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective There are no studies on postoperative exercise fear in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). In this cross-sectional survey, we examined the occurrence of exercise fear in early postoperative patients with CSM, along with exploring the influence of related variables on exercise fear.Methods From November 2020 to November 2022, 150 patients diagnosed with CSM underwent surgical treatment in the neurosurgery wards of two Grade-III Class A general public hospitals in Fujian Province. The Tampa Scale of Kinesophobia (TSK) was used to assess the level of exercise fear in these patients and those with > 37 points were considered to have exercise fear. Univariate analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to determine the influence of related factors on kinesophobia in CSM patients.Results A total of 122 patients were included in this study. The average score of fear of movement after surgery was 41.2 ± 4.5, with an incidence of 75.4%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.105, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.014–1.204), neck disability index (NDI) (OR = 1.268, 95% CI = 1.108–1.451), diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.026, 95% CI = 0.001–0.477), and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score (OR = 0.698, 95% CI = 0.526–0.927) were associated with the occurrence of kinesophobia after CSM surgery (P < 0.05).Conclusion The incidence of postoperative exercise fear in CSM patients is high, which may affect their postoperative outcomes and lead to poor postoperative limb function. During postoperative rehabilitation, medical staff must pay attention to the potential occurrence of kinesophobia, and postoperative rehabilitation exercises should be conducted for patients with kinesophobia.
Clinical characteristics of infantile haemangioma in twins: A retrospective study
Authors: Sun Zhengwei , Li Miaomiao , Dong Changxian , Mei Shiwei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Infantile hemangioma is one of the most common benign soft tissue tumors in infants. The pathogenesis of infantile hemangioma remains unclear and twin studies regarding its incidence may help clarify disease pathogenesis. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of infantile hemangioma in twin patients and discuss its clinical incidence.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 83 pairs of twins with infantile hemangioma admitted to the Guangdong Provincial Women and Children Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital between May 2016 and May 2022. Thirty-one pairs of twins among whom both developed infantile hemangioma and 52 pairs of twins among whom only one twin was affected were included. Analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation. Additionally, we analyzed the influence of factors such as sex, twin zygosity, preterm birth, birth weight, and assisted reproduction on the clinical characteristics of twins.
Results: We observed that disease occurrence in both twins correlated with assisted reproduction (χ2= 13. 102, P<0.05) and preterm birth (χ2=36.523, P<0.05). Twin zygosity (χ2=0.716, P>0.05) and total birth weight of twins (t=-3.369, P>0.05) were not correlated with infantile hemangioma. However, among twins, the ones with lesser birth weight were more likely to develop infantile hemangioma.
Conclusions: The clinical characteristics of infantile hemangioma in twins were consistent with their epidemiological characteristics. Female sex, preterm birth, less birth weight, and assisted reproduction increased the probability of morbidity in twins. Analysis of the characteristics of infantile hemangioma in twins may assist further research and clinical treatment.
Statistical study of the diarrhea factor using the Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing technique of intestinal microbiome samples of Iberian pigs from 0 days of life to 90 days of age
Authors: Rafael Vazquez Caldito , Pedro Rodriguez Medina , Angela Lacombe Antonelli , Javier Gomez Roman , Alicia Gallego Aguilera 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Due to the increasing tendency to decrease the use of antimicrobials in piglets to mitigate intestinal dysbiosis problems, new alternatives are being sought for the control and prevention of these important pathologies in animals. Among these alternatives is the study of the intestinal microbiota of pigs. It is crucial to rule out or ensure that diarrhea is an influential factor in the composition of the piglet microbiome. The Next Generation (Shotgun) Whole Genome Sequencing technology has not been used for this purpose so far in Iberian pigs.
Methods: The study aims to demonstrate statistically that the diarrhea of the piglets does or does not provide significant differences in relation to the relative abundance of the different taxa between samples, their alpha diversity, their beta diversity and in relation to the beta dispersion of their beta diversity. Studies on the relative abundances of different taxa and comparative studies of abundance of different taxa are carried out. The study also aims to discover which are the species that generate the greatest differences or contrast between the different samples according to the intestinal dysbiosis of the piglets studied.
Results: Statistical inference tests determined that the diarrhea-related compositions of the samples are different according to the Phylums, that the beta diversities of the samples are also different in relation to the diarrhea factor and the age factor, while the beta dispersions of these two factors, diarrhea and age, are not different. The alpha diversities of the samples were not different in relation to the diarrhea factor. It is determined that there are species in the Microbiota of pigs that have also been found in humans and non-human primates, thus highlighting the importance of the One Health concept between the two species.
Conclusions: The diarrhea factor and age generate evident differences in the composition of the microbiome of pigs. This porcine microbiome is closely related to the human microbiome in relation to the species that generate the greatest differences between piglets suffering intestinal dysbiosis and healthy pigs.
RETRACTED: SC912 inhibits AR-V7 activity in castration-resistant prostate cancer by targeting the androgen receptor N-terminal domain
Authors: Wu Jian Hui , Yi Qianhui , Han Xiaojun , Yu Henry , Chen Huei-Yu , Qiu Dinghong , Su Jie , Lin Rongtuan , Batist Gerald 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Comparison of Three Nutritional Assessment Methods Associated with the Prognostic Impact of Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Yi Hanxiao , Chen Changlong , Zhou Song , Wang Yang , Zhou Yitong , Cheng Jie , Liang Qunying 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Several studies have found that the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlling nutritional status (CONUT), and Glasgow Prognostic Scores (GPS) of patients with laryngeal cancer accurately predicts their prognosis. However, there is no consensus on the best assessment tool. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to confirm the predictive value of the three nutritional scoring systems for the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer.
Methods: In this study, a cohort of 427 patients with laryngeal cancer visiting our hospital was analyzed respectively.PNI, CONUT, and GPS were calculated, and the relationship between these indicators and prognosis was examined.
Results: The optimal cut-off levels for overall survival (OS) of laryngeal cancer patients determined by PNI, CONUT, and GPS were 45, 3, and 0, respectively. When patients were stratified based on these thresholds, OS and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly decreased in the malnutrition group (all three p＜0.05).Laryngeal cancer patients' OS rates were significantly affected by the three scores, according to multivariate analysis.
Conclusions: The three scoring methods had a high predictive value for the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer, with GPS having the strongest correlation with the prognosis of laryngeal cancer patients.
Highly accurate peak detection for low-molecular compounds using NHA with truncation of 1H-13C HMBC spectral data
Authors: Kimoto Takato , Hasegawa Masaya , Okada Takuya , Toyooka Naoki , Hirobayashi Shigeki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides more chemical structural information than is provided by 1D NMR spectroscopy. However, the efficient reconstruction of high-resolution spectra is difficult because of the long measurement time and low resolution, which depend on the number of increments in the indirect dimension. We address these problems by applying truncation and non-harmonic analysis (NHA) to the spectra recorded in 2D NMR experiments. The truncation method can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and shorten the measurement time, and NHA can reconstruct a high-resolution spectrum irrespective of the window length of the analysis. In this study, the performance of the NHA was verified from both phantom 2D NMR data and experimental data. The data are analyzed by applying NHA and the results compared with those analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), a method commonly used for NMR analysis. By truncating the data uniformly, the amount of data required to maintain the spectral peaks is determined. Consequently, we demonstrate that our proposed method can yield accurate spectral information for reductions of up to 6.3% of the original data volume, except for the denser parts. This is expected to improve the efficiency of 2D NMR experiments.
Tolvaptan and urea in paediatric hyponatraemia.
Authors: Veligratli Faidra , Alexandrou Demitra , Shah Sarit , Amin Rakesh , Dattani Mehul , Gan Hoong-Wei , Famuboni Adeola , Garcia Camilo Lopez , Trompeter Richard , Bockenhauer Detlef 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is usually treated with fluid restriction. This can be challenging in patients with obligate fluid intake for nutrition or medication. Pharmaceutical treatment with tolvaptan and urea is available but minimal paediatric data are available. We review the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan and urea in paediatric patients diagnosed with SIADH.
Methods: Retrospective review of paediatric inpatients with clinical diagnosis of SIADH. Patients were identified from pharmacy records, based on tolvaptan and urea prescriptions. Relevant information was extracted from patient electronic records.
The main outcome measures included: number of days to sodium normalisation, daily change in plasma sodium concentration and maximum increase of plasma sodium concentration in 24hrs . Reported side effects were also captured.
Results: Tolvaptan use led to plasma sodium normalisation in 10/13 (77%) within six days (median 2.5 days, range [1,6]) with a median change of sodium concentration of 7 mmol/L
(-1,14) within the first 24 hours of treatment. Three patients experienced a change in plasma sodium >10 mmol/l/day but had no apparent side effects.
Urea use led to sodium normalisation in 5/6 (83%) patients. Median number of days to normalisation with urea was 2 (1,10) with a median change of plasma sodium concentration of 2 mmol/L (-1,6) within the first 24hours. All patients tolerated tolvaptan and/or urea without unexpected side effects.
Conclusions: Tolvaptan and urea appear to be safe and effective when fluid restriction is challenging in paediatric SIADH.
Symbolic Access: Medical students’ awareness of institutional culture and its influence on learning, a phenomenographic study.
Authors: Lulua Dina-Ruth , Moch Shirra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The discussion of access in medical education has its focus largely on physical and epistemological access, leaving a qualitative gap regarding sociocultural factors which enable access in this context. This study introduces and defines symbolic access, a concept with a specific lens on sociocultural enculturation, and the influence it has on student learning within the South African medical education landscape.
Methods: A phenomenographic design was used to explore students’ conceptions of symbolic access and its impact on learning. One-on-one exploratory interviews were conducted with fifteen final year medical students at the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. Interviews were analysed using Sjöström and Dahlgren‘s seven-step phenomenography model.
Results: Four categories of description were induced, which described students’ understanding of symbolic access, these were rejection, disregard, invalidation and actualization. Five dimensions of variation were discovered, these dimensions expressed the different ways the categories were experienced. These dimensions were; interactions with educators, peer relationships, educational environment, race and hierarchy. Categories of description and dimensions of variation formed the Outcome Space, a visual representation of the student experience of symbolic access. The outcome space had a double narrative related to symbolic access; exclusion (major) and actualization (minor). Medical student’s chief experience within the medical community was exclusion, however experiences of peer-relationships, clinical skills lessons and participation within the clinical setting facilitated community inclusion, enculturation, and impacted learning.
Conclusion: Despite deeply exclusionary experiences throughout their programme, medical students articulated attaining symbolic access into the community, which is predominantly influenced by clinical experiences during the pre-clinical and clinical years of study. Furthermore descriptions of valuable learning experiences were connected to clinical events and the involvement with patient care. This study suggests that the actualization of symbolic access and description of meaningful learning experiences are linked. Medical educationalists should design undergraduate curricula with early clinical immersion at the fore and explore symbolic concepts pertaining to access, as they are linked to transformative learning experiences for the medical student.
Determinants of Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices and their association with childhood illnesses among 0-23 months old in Rwanda: A nationwide study
Authors: Kawuki Joseph , Nuwabaine Lilian , Amwiine Earnest , Asiimwe John Baptist , Sserwanja Quraish , Gatasi Ghislaine , Donkor Elorm , Mutisya Linet M , Patience Nakalega Annet 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Optimal Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices such as exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding are essential for childhood development, and prevention of nutritional deficiency disorders and infectious diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association of IYCF practices with common childhood illnesses like diarrhea, cough, and fever, and the determinants of IYCF practices.
Methods: Secondary data from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey, 2020 of 3,142 participants was used. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select the participants. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore the determinants of Infant and young child feeding practices and their association with common childhood illnesses, using SPSS (version 25).
Results: Of the 3,142 women with children below 24 months, 781 and 2,360 had children below 6 months and 6-23 months respectively. Among the 781 children below 6 months, 80.9% (95%CI: 78.2-83.7) were exclusively breastfed, and 7%, 24%, and 14% had suffered from diarrhea, cough, and fever in the last two weeks, respectively. Of the 2,360 children aged 6-23 months, 97.9% (95%CI: 97.3-98.5) were on complementary feeding, and 24%, 35%, and 26% had suffered from diarrhea, cough, and fever, in the last two weeks respectively. Compared to exclusively breastfed children, those not on exclusive breastfeeding had higher odds of suffering from diarrhea (AOR=4.19, 95%CI: 3.01-5.83), cough (AOR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.33-2.00) and fever (AOR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.55-2.58). However, children not on complementary feeding had less odds of suffering from diarrhea (AOR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.17-0.33), cough (AOR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.50-0.74), and fever (AOR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.39-0.64). Women with no health insurance, no media access, residing in the western, and southern regions of Rwanda had higher odds of practicing exclusive breastfeeding compared to their respective counterparts. Older age, primary education, and being in the richest wealth quintile were associated with higher odds of practicing complementary breastfeeding.
Conclusion: The study highlighted a significant association between IYCF practices and childhood illnesses. More efforts are needed to improve and promote IYCF practices, as this could also be a vital strategy in the prevention of childhood illnesses. IYCF promotion strategies should focus on the younger, less educated, and poor women residing in urban areas.
Ultrasound Evaluation of Brain Parenchyma in Preterm Infants With Prenatal Opioid Exposure
Authors: Wachman Elisha , Tivnan Patrick , Setty Bindu , Howard Eileen , Agarwal Joel , Farris Chad , Castro-Aragon Ilse 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate whether preterm infants with prenatal opioid exposure had differences in brain size on head ultrasounds (HUS) in comparison to non-exposed infants.
Study Design
Preterm infants ≤ 34 weeks with prenatal opioid exposure (n = 94) and matched non-exposed infants (n = 124) with early HUSs were examined. Fifteen brain measurements were made and linear regression models performed to evaluate differences.
Results
Brain measurements were smaller in the right ventricular index [β=-0.18 mm (95% CI -0.28, -0.07], left ventricular index [β=-0.04 mm (95% CI -0.08, -0.01)], left basal ganglia insula [β=-0.08 mm (95% CI -0.13, -0.04)], right basal ganglia insula [β=-0.10 mm (95% CI -0.14, -0.06)], corpus callosum fastigium length [β=-0.16 mm (95% CI -0.23, -0.08)], intracranial height index [β=-0.31 mm (95% CI -0.42, -0.21)], and transcerebellar measurements [β=-0.13 (95% CI -0.22, -0.04)] in the opioid-exposed group.
Conclusions
Preterm infants with prenatal opioid exposure have smaller brain sizes compared to non-exposed infants.