bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic analysis of polymorphism rs10937405 of TP63 gene in breast and ovarian cancer patients of North Indian Cohort
Authors: Verma Sonali , Bakshi Divya , Bhat Gh. Rasool , Bhat Amrita , Shah Ruchi , Sharma Bhanu , Wakhloo Ajay , Heer Vikas , Chander Gresh , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Ovarian and breast cancers are highly prevalent in the population of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). However, case–control association studies on breast and ovarian cancers are lacking in this population. Moreover, no case–control study is available on variant rs10937405 of TP63 in breast and ovarian cancers. Thus, we designed to replicate the cancer susceptible variant rs10937405 of TP63 in ovarian and breast cancers in the population of J&K because the TP63 gene act as a tumor suppressor gene and was previously associated with various cancers.

Materials and Methods:
This case–control association study conducted at the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, includes 150 breast, 150 ovarian cancer cases, and 210 healthy controls (age and sex-matched). Variant rs10937405 of the TP63 gene was determined by the TaqMan assay. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium for the variant was assessed using the Chi-square test. The allele and genotype-specific risks were estimated by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
In this study, variant rs10937405 of TP63 gene did not show any risk with ovarian and breast cancer with (P-value = 0.70) having OR 0.94, (0.69–1.28 at 95% CI) and (P-value = 0.16) having OR 0.80, (0.59–1.10).

Discussion:
Our results indicate that the variant rs10937405 of the TP63 gene did not impart any risk of breast and ovarian cancer in the population of J&K. Our results indicate that a larger sample size is needed for further statistical validation. As the study was for a particular variant, it warrants the analysis of other variants of this gene.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of nucleotide excision repair genes and their association with overall survival in North Indian lung cancer patients treated with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy
Authors: Singh Sidhartha , Sharma Sidharth , Lawania Shweta , Singh Navneet 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The aim of the study is to understand the association of Nucleotide excision repair (NER) inter-genetic polymorphic combinations with overall survival (OS) in lung cancer as well as its histological subtypes in the North Indian population.

Materials and Methods:
Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. For survival analysis, the univariate Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox regression model were applied. Recursive partitioning method, survival analysis tree was applied to study unfavorable genotypic combinations in NER single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Results:
Combinatorial studies suggested no association between polymorphic combinations of NER genes and OS in lung cancer patients. When stratified as per lung cancer histological subtypes, adenocarcinomas patients with XPG 670 and XPC 499 polymorphism a significant increase in OS in combined heterozygous and mutant genotype with a lower hazardous ratio (Hazard Ratio1 (HR) = 0.20; P = 0.004). Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) patients with XPF 11985A>G and XPD Arg156Arg polymorphism showed a 4-fold hazard ratio among heterozygous genotype (HR1 = 4.84; P = 0.007) where no significant results are obtained in patients suffering from squamous cell carcinoma histological subtypes. STREE showed XPG Asp1104His (W), XPD Lys751Gln (H + M), XPF Arg415Gln (H + M) genotype was associated with a lower hazard ratio (P = 0.0007) showing survival of 11.6 months when compared with the reference (median survival time = 3.52).

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that SCLC patients with polymorphic combinations of the NER pathway were associated with a higher risk of mortality. STREE depicted the association of NER polymorphic combinations with a lower hazard ratio predicting them to be a good prognostic factor for lung cancer.
XRCC3 and NBS1 gene polymorphisms modulate the risk of pre-oral cancer and oral cancer in the North Indian population
Authors: Nigam Kumud , Gupta Shalini , Singh Navin , Yadav Suresh Kumar , Sanyal Somali 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Oral cancer is alarming disease in the developing countries like India. DNA repair capacity may affect by genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes and thus may cause to cancer. XRCC3 involves in homologous recombination repair pathway and repair DNA damage and crosslinks while, NBS1 participate in repair of double strand DNA break and starts the cell-cycle checkpoint signaling.

Aims and Objectives:
This study was to conducted to find the association of XRCC3, NBS1 polymorphisms with oral disease.

Materials and Methods:
This study included 230 patients of precancerous oral lesions (Leukoplakia 70, Oral Sub mucous fibrosis 90, Lichen Planus 70), 72 oral cancer and 300 healthy control samples and genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP methods. Chi-square test was used for calculation of genotype and allele frequencies. Odds ratio and P values were calculated with Epi-Info programme (http://wwwn.cdc.gov/epiinfo/).

Results:
TT genotype of XRCC3 was associated with high risk of precancerous lesions and oral cancerous lesions (P value=0.0001, OR=9.68, 95% CI=2.82-33.21; and P value=0.0001, OR=13.10, 95% CI=3.38-50.73 respectively). We did not observe any interactions of XRCC3 polymorphism with demographic parameters in influencing the risk of oral diseases. Variant allele genotypes (CG, GG) of NBS1 (C>G) polymorphism showed protective association with Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), lichen planus as well as oral cancer (OR=0.31, OR=0.01; OR=0.39, OR=0.03; OR=0.43, OR=0.31 respectively). Particularly, tobacco chewer with CG & GG genotypes were at decrease risk of oral diseases (P value=0.02, OR=0.32, 95% CI=0.12-0.80). Compared to CC/CC combined genotype CG/CC, CG/CT, GG/CC and CG/CT genotypes decreased the risk of oral disease (OR=0.05, 0.47, 0.26 & 0.14 respectively).

Conclusion:
This study concludes that SNP in XRCC3, NBS1 affects susceptibility to oral disease.
Clinicopathological and survival features of neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective analysis of 153 cases, our current remarks on a heterogeneous tumor group, and still unmet future expectations
Authors: Kahraman Seda , Bardakci Murat , Aykan Musa B. , Yasar Serkan , Erol Cihan , Hizal Mutlu , Akinci M. Bulent , Kos Fahriye Tugba , Dede Didem S. , Karadurmus Nuri , Yalcin Suayib , Sendur Mehmet Ali N. , Yalcin Bulent 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) originate from the diffuse neuroendocrine cell system and constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors exhibiting diverse clinical and biological characteristics. NENs include well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). In the present study, we performed a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with NET to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and outcomes.

Material and Methods:
Data from 153 patients diagnosed with NET who were treated and followed up at three tertiary care centers from November 2002 to June 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinicopathological and prognostic factors, treatment modalities and survival data were analyzed. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to assess survival data and comparisons were performed using the logrank test.

Results:
Median age (IQR) was 53 (18–80) years. 85.6% of the patients had gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP)-NET. The primary tumor was resected in 95 patients (62.1%) and metastasectomy were performed in 22 patients (14.4%). Seventy-eight patients received systemic therapy for metastatic disease. Patients were followed up for a median of 22 (IQR = 33.8) months. The estimated one-year and three-year survival rate was 89.8% and 74.4%, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) were 10.1, 8.5, and 4.2 months after first-, second- and third-line therapy, respectively.

Conclusion:
The number of systemic treatment options and diagnostic tools for NETs has significantly improved in the last few years. NET classification, which treatment will be more appropriate for which group of patients, the molecular basis of this disease and the development of treatment strategies are open-ended questions that still need to be investigated.
Fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) regimen in the first-line treatment of metastatic gastric cancer: A single-center experience
Authors: Tastekin Didem , Paksoy Nail , Dogan Izzet , Ferhatoglu Ferhat , Khanmammadov Nijat , Bozbey Hamza U. , Karabulut Senem 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The median survival time for metastatic gastric cancer that has a poor prognosis is usually shorter than 1 year. The fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) regimen is observed to be effective in the neo-adjuvant treatment of gastric cancer. However, data on the FLOT regimen in metastatic gastric cancer are limited. The current study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the FLOT regimen in metastatic gastric cancer in real life.

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Place and Duration of Study:
The study was performed in an Institute of Oncology of a university and included the patients diagnosed between January 2015 and December 2020.

Methodology:
In addition to the clinicopathological data of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)-negative metastatic gastric cancer, we retrospectively evaluated the survival and treatment-related toxicities. The FLOT regimen (Fluorouracil 2600 mg/m2 24 hours continuous intravenous infusion, leucovorin 200 mg/m2, oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, and docetaxel 50 mg/m2 on day 1) every 2 weeks was used in all patients.

Results:
The study included 94 patients who were followed up for a median of 11.1 (min–max: 1.5–65.8) months. The number of male patients was 60 (63.4%), and the median age was 58 (min–max: 27–78) years. The primary tumor was located in the stomach (72.3%) and gastroesophageal junction (27.7%). The objective response rate was observed in 64.8% of the patients. The median overall survival was 13.5 (95% CI: 9.2–17.8) months, whereas the progression-free survival was 7 (95% CI: 5.7–8.3) months. The 1-year survival rate was 53.6%. Complete response was detected in 7.4% of the patients. Among grade 3–4 toxicities, neutropenia (44.6%), leukopenia (27.6%), neuropathy (12.7%), and fatigue (9.5%) were the most common observed toxicities.

Conclusion:
FLOT is a highly active option in the first-line treatment of metastatic gastric cancer, with a favorable safety profile.
Feasibility of preirradiation temozolomide in cases of high-grade gliomas: Our experience and review of literature
Authors: Arora Savita , Rathi Arun K. , Singh Kishore , Ansari Faiz A. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preradiation temozolomide (TMZ) in high-grade gliomas.

Study and Design:
It is a single-center, single arm, prospective study. The study included postoperative, histopatholgically proven cases of high-grade gliomas.

Materials and Methods:
Nine patients of anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and twenty patients of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were enrolled in the study. All patients had undergone partial or complete resection. Three weeks after surgery, patients were started on chemotherapy, consisting of two cycles of TMZ, 150 mg/m2/day for 5 days, repeated at an interval of 4 weeks. Patients were subsequently treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy. A dose of 60 Gy was given over thirty fractions along with TMZ, 75 mg/m2/day. Four cycles of TMZ were given after completion of radiotherapy, in a dose and manner similar to preradiotherapy.

Statistical Analysis and Result:
Treatment-related toxicity was assessed using common terminology for toxicity criteria (CTCAE v4). Progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) analysis was done. Nearly 79% of patients completed the two cycles of preradiation chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was tolerated well. Median time to progression was 11 months and 8.2 months in AA and GBM patients, respectively. Median OS was 17.4 months in AA patients and 11.4 months in GBM patients.

Conclusions:
Most patients of postoperative high-grade gliomas tolerated two cycles of TMZ. A good safety profile of TMZ allows it to be used in frontline settings, especially in high volume centers where a delay in starting radiotherapy frequently occurs. The use of TMZ before radiotherapy is a safe and feasible approach, and further studies are required to validate this approach.
Aplasia cutis congenita
Authors: Farsana A. T. , Remesh Preetha , Anand M. R. , Mathew Jim , Biju Muhammed 
Published: June 2023

Summary
Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare congenital condition characterised by the absence of some or all layers of the skin in a localized or widespread area at birth. It may also be associated with absence of underlying muscle and bone. The scalp is the most common site with 86% of cases occurring as solitary lesions found on the vertex or parietal areas. In this group of patients 20% of lesions involve failure of underlying bone development. Although most commonly seen on the scalp, aplasia cutis congenita can affect any part of the body, including the trunk and limbs. Where dura is exposed there exists a risk of ulceration, infection and haemorrhage and thus primary closure is indicated. We report a case of cutis aplasia successfully closed with opposing bipedicled flaps. This procedure offers a simple safe technique that can be applied in the neonate.
Evaluation of halitosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic renal failure, and peptic ulcer
Authors: Fenn Saramma Mathew , Ravi Suganya , Mohan Karthik Rajaram , Thangavelu Ravikumar Pethagounder 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Oral breath can be used as a chairside investigation method in the detection of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), which can serve as a potential biomarker in the early detection of underlying systemic diseases.

Aim:
The primary aim was to study the hydrogen sulfide levels in oral breath of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic renal failure (CRF), and peptic ulcer disease.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 100 patients divided into four groups with 25 patients in each group of CRF, COPD, peptic ulcer, and control. The oral breath sample collected from each participant was passed through a sensor in the hydrogen sulfide detector (Tanita, Japan), which registers the level of sulfides. The maximum level attained was determined in parts per billion sulfide equivalents using direct readings from the monitor's digital display. The values obtained were statistically analyzed using statistical tests: Shapiro–Wilk test, analysis of variance, and post hoc analysis.

Results:
The mean values for the age and hydrogen sulfide scores were as follows: control group (35.16 ± 14.12 and 0.44 ± 1.00), CRF (49.16 ± 13.93 and 2.32 ± 0.98), COPD (48.16 ± 15.58 and 2.40 ± 0.95), and the peptic ulcer (42.36 ± 15.44 and 1.68 ± 1.02). The post hoc analysis for intergroup comparison of mean values reveals that statistically significant (P = 0.001*) differences exist between the control group and the CRF group, the control group and the COPD group, and the control group and the peptic ulcer group.

Conclusion:
The CRF group had slightly higher hydrogen sulfide measurements among the four groups, indicating the release of more VSCs.
Cancer drug resistance can be combated by targeting histone methyltransferases – A novel therapeutic approach
Authors: Sai Charan K. V. , Kumari M. , Nivedha K. , Aishwariya M. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Various experimental studies have proved that histone methyltransferases (HMTs) are responsible for tumor progression, and the use of inhibitors for the same opens new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cancer.

Aim:
The purpose of this review was to appraise the basics of histones, HMTs, the classification of the HMT, and the mechanism of HMT in tumor progression and their inhibitors.

Materials and Methods:
This narrative review was carried out using an electronic search of the data for articles related to the basics of histone, classification of HMTs, their role in tumor progression, and the molecular inhibitors of HMTs from the following databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science.

Results:
On the basis of our literary search, we were able to locate 11 articles that fulfilled our criteria.

Conclusion:
The advancement in the invention of small molecular inhibitors of HMTs is becoming a cutting-edge area of drug development. Soon, the drugs in preclinical and phase I trials will be approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use.
Pattern and indications for tooth extraction among patients attending dental clinic at federal medical center Gusau, Zamfara state, Nigeria
Authors: Kaura Abubakar Mohammad , Shehu Abubakar M. , Mujtaba Bala , Anas Bawa Tsafe , Jaafaru Rufai , Balarabe Sani Auwalu , Bamgbose Babatunde Olamide 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The loss of teeth can impose a huge burden on both the patient and the health system as it requires gigantic effort, technical know-how, and on most occasions out-of-pocket expenditure to reestablish the lost functions and esthetics.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to highlight the indications and patterns of tooth extractions in the Dental Surgery Department, Federal Medical Centre, Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective study design was used by retrieving case folders of patients who had extractions within the study period and analyzing for age, gender, and type of tooth/teeth extracted as well as the indications for tooth extraction. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 and <0.005 of the P value was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 2992 extractions were carried out within the 4-year time frame with 53.8% of males and 46.2% of females. The mean age was 30.66 (±16.9) years. The indication for tooth extraction was dental caries and its sequelae 75.9%, followed by periodontal disease 9.1% and recurrent pericoronitis 7.3%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between gender and indication for extraction (P < 0.001, df = 5).

Conclusion:
Dental caries and periodontal disease were the principal indications for tooth extraction, whereas molar teeth extractions were the most common in the studied population irrespective of age and gender.
Effect of sound masking using child-friendly masker sounds on the perception of the dental drill noise in pediatric dental practice
Authors: Umamaheswari N. , Ravi Saranyan , John John Baby , Mohan Muthusamy Raj 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Dental anxiety is significantly influenced by the fear and annoyance brought on by the sound of a dental drill. As a result, the welcoming atmosphere at pediatric dental offices is likely to entice young children to come in for examination and treatment.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to compare the masking effect of dental drill noise with the sound maskers on the annoyance rate of pediatric dental patients.

Materials and Methods:
To evaluate the stimuli in the annoyance experiment, 40 children (20 boys and 20 girls) were enlisted. As masker sounds, dragonfly and whistle sounds were chosen, and the functioning dental drill noise was blended with the original sound level. The participants rated each audio stimulus signal delivered to them in a random order, with the level of annoyance indicated by a color scale corresponding to the intensity of their psychological sense. The mean comparison between the acoustic stimuli was made using the Friedman's test. Based on gender, the mean comparison between acoustic stimuli was made using the Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results:
The mean annoyance rate of dental drill noise dragonfly sound and whistle sound was 4.83, 1.15, and 3.82, respectively. Gender has a significant effect on masking effect in nonacoustic factor outcomes.

Conclusion:
The dragonfly sound had the best impact and the most significant reduction in annoyance compared to the sound of the drill. Typically, girls felt more at ease around the dragonfly sound than boys did.
Attitude, bio-ethics, and communication skills in undergraduate dental education
Authors: Joshi Yatishkumar S , Vagha Sunita , Pisulkar Sweta Kale , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash 
Published: June 2023

Background:
With the need to strengthen conative domain competencies, the medical council has introduced the attitude, ethics, and communication (AETCOM) module in the new competency-based medical education. Similar competencies exist in the curriculum prescribed by the Dental Council of India (DCI).

Aim:
This study aimed to collect the data regarding the perception of dental interns and their awareness of the existing curriculum.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty-six interns of a single batch participated in the survey. The survey included declaration, voluntary consent, basic knowledge regarding curriculum, their perception regarding DCI and AETCOM competency, and their assessment. Collected data were presented descriptively in figures and scores of perception were analyzed using the single sample Student's t-test.

Results:
Out of the 78 competency statements, only two DCI competency statements and nine AETCOM competency statements had P values higher than 0.05.

Conclusion:
Students perceive the increased emphasis on preclinical work and minimal emphasis on interpersonal skills in the curriculum. Students lack confidence in research projects and practice management competency and need additional training after BDS for setting up a practice.
Predictive value of βhCG measured on day 11 after blastocyst embryo transfer for early pregnancy outcome
Authors: Phan Kieu Linh , Le Minh Tam 
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To study the value of βhCG on day 11 after embryo transfer in predicting the early outcome of pregnancy after in vitro fertilization.
Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive study was examined on 148 cycles that satisfied inclusion criteria that the βhCG concentration at day 11 after IVF was higher or equal to 25mIU/ml. This research was conducted at Hue center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility from December 2019 to July 2022. The cycles that met the inclusion criteria were followed up to 12 weeks of gestation. Comparing the variation of the βhCG level between different groups: biochemical/clinical pregnancy, singleton/multiple pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy/early fetal loss. ROC curves were used to calculate the serum βhCG cutoff levels with maximum sensitivity and specificity to predict early pregnancy outcomes.
Results: The mean concentration of serum βhCG of clinical pregnancy was significantly higher than that of biochemical pregnancy (631.4 ± 433.6 mIU/ml vs 150.9 ± 182.8 mIU/ml); that of multiple pregnancy was significantly higher than that of singleton pregnancy (935.6 ± 460.6 mIU/ml vs. 558.3 ± 388.1 mIU/ml); and that of ongoing pregnancy was significantly higher than that of early fetal loss (619.4 ± 407.8 mIU/ml vs. 327.0 ± 159.1 mIU/ml). The serum βhCG level on day 11 after embryo transfer had a good value in predicting clinical pregnancy at the cutoff of 212.4 mIU/ ml (AUC = 0.900); a moderate value in predicting twin pregnancy at the cutoff of 537.8 mIU/ml (AUC = 0.774) and ongoing pregnancy at the cutoff of 501.3 mIU/ml (AUC = 0.742).
Conclusions: The serum βhCG level on day 11 after blastocyst transfer was a prognostic indicator for early pregnancy outcome after in vitro fertilization which included: clinical pregnancy, twin pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy.