bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors and body mass index with metabolic syndrome in the Chinese elderly population
Authors: You Aijun , Li Yaxin , Shen Chaonan , Fan Huimin , He Jia , Liu Zhongmin , Xue Qian , Zhang Yuzhen , Zheng Liang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS), a clustering of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), is currently one of the major global public health burdens. However, associations between MetS and non-traditional CVRF represented by uric acid (UA), homocysteine (HCY) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (HsCRP) have not been well explored in the elderly population, especially when considering body mass index (BMI).MethodsParticipants from the Shanghai Elderly Cardiovascular Health (SHECH) study cohort in 2017 were analyzed. MetS was defined using the modified American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations of non-traditional CVRF, BMI with MetS.ResultsOf the 4360 participants analyzed, 2378 (54.5%) had MetS, the mean (SD) UA was 331 (86) µmol/L, and the median (IQR) HCY and HsCRP were 15 (13–18) µmol/L and 1.0 (0.5–2.1) mg/L, respectively. Participants with higher non-traditional CVRF tended to have a higher significant risk of MetS (P < 0.001), which did not changed substantially in most population subgroups (P-interaction > 0.05). BMI mediated 43.89% (95%CI: 30.38–57.40%), 37.34% (95% CI: 13.86–60.83%) and 30.99% (95%CI: 13.16–48.83%) of associations of hyperuricemia (HUA), hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) and high HsCRP (HHsCRP) with MetS, respectively. Abnormal non-traditional CVRF combined with overweight/obesity greatly increased MetS risk (adjusted OR(95%CI): HUA + Overweight: 5.860(4.059-8.461); 6.148(3.707–10.194); HHCY + Overweight: 3.989(3.107-5.121); HHCY + Obese: 5.746(4.064–8.123); HHsCRP + Overweight: 4.026(2.906-5.580); HHsCRP + Obese: 7.717(4.508–13.210)).ConclusionsIn the Chinese elderly population, HUA, HHCY, and HHsCRP were all significantly and independently associated with MetS, supporting the potential of focusing on non-traditional CVRF interventions for preventing and controlling MetS. BMI played moderate mediating roles in associations between non-traditional CVRF and MetS, and abnormal non-traditional CVRF combined with overweight/obesity had significant synergistic effects on MetS risk, highlighting the importance of better weight management in the elderly population.
Directional modulation design for multi-beam multiplexing based on hybrid antenna array structures
Authors: Li Maolin , Zhang Bo , Zhang Baoju , Liu Wei , Kim Taekon , Wang Cheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor integrated sensing and communication, one important research direction is to employ various beamforming techniques to avoid interference between the two functions. In this work, based on a hybrid beamforming antenna array structure, a physical layer security technique called directional modulation (DM) is studied for multi-beam multiplexing applications. The proposed design can form a more effective directional transmission through both beamforming and DM, while multiplexing multiple user beams through a common set of analog coefficients. In this hybrid beamforming structure, only one digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is connected to each subarray, and finite-precision phase shifters are further considered. Design examples for dual-beam multiplexing with an interleaved subarray structure and a localized subarray structure, respectively, are provided, which show that the interleaved subarray structure can form narrower mainlobe and a lower sidelobe level than the localized structure and has an overall better performance.
Efficacy of front-of-pack warning label system versus guideline for daily amount on healthfulness perception, purchase intention and objective understanding of nutrient content of food products in Guatemala: a cross-over cluster randomized controlled experiment
Authors: Kroker-Lobos María Fernanda , Morales-Juárez Analí , Pérez Wilton , Kanda Tomo , Gomes Fabio S , Ramírez-Zea Manuel , Siu-Bermúdez Carolina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Front-of-package warning labels (FOPWL) have been adopted in many countries aiming at reducing the consumption of unhealthy food and drink products and have also been considered in Guatemala. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of FOPWL versus Guidelines for Daily Amount (GDA) on products’ healthfulness perception (HP), purchase intention (PI) and the objective understanding of the nutrient content (UNC) in Guatemala.

Methods
Participants (children and adults) (n = 356) were randomly assigned to evaluate either FOPWL or GDA during a crossover cluster randomized experiment in rural and urban areas across 3 phases of exposure. During phase 1, participants evaluated mock-up images of single products (single task) and compared pairs of products within the same food category (comparison task) without any label. In phase 2, participants evaluated labels only (without any product), and during phase 3, they evaluated the same products and questions from phase 1, now depicting the assigned front-of-package label. We generated indicators for single-task questions and scores for comparison tasks, one for each HP, PI and UNC questions. We used intention-to-treat, difference-in-difference regression analysis to test whether exposure to FOPWL was associated with HP, PI and UNC, compared to GDA. We also tested models for children and adults and by area (rural/urban) separately adjusting for sociodemographic variables.

Results
In single tasks, FOPWL significantly decreased the PI (β -18.1, 95%CI -23.3, -12.8; p < 0.001) and the HP (β -13.2, 95%CI -18.4, -7.9; p < 0.001) of unhealthy food products compared to GDA. In the comparison task, FOPWL significantly increased the UNC (β 20.4, 95%CI 17.0, 23.9; p < 0.001), improved PI towards healthier choices (OR 4.5, 95%CI 2.9, 7.0 p < 0.001) and HP (OR 5.6, 95%CI 2.8, 11.1; p < 0.001) compared to GDA. Similar results were found in children and adults and in urban and rural settings.

Conclusions
FOPWL reduces products’ healthfulness perception and purchase intention, and increases understanding of products’ nutrient content compared to GDA.
Evaluation of a genetic risk score computed using human chromosomal-scale length variation to predict breast cancer
Authors: Ko Charmeine , Brody James P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The ability to accurately predict whether a woman will develop breast cancer later in her life, should reduce the number of breast cancer deaths. Different predictive models exist for breast cancer based on family history, BRCA status, and SNP analysis. The best of these models has an accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC) of about 0.65. We have developed computational methods to characterize a genome by a small set of numbers that represent the length of segments of the chromosomes, called chromosomal-scale length variation (CSLV).

Methods
We built machine learning models to differentiate between women who had breast cancer and women who did not based on their CSLV characterization. We applied this procedure to two different datasets: the UK Biobank (1534 women with breast cancer and 4391 women who did not) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) 874 with breast cancer and 3381 without.

Results
We found a machine learning model that could predict breast cancer with an AUC of 0.836 95% CI (0.830.0.843) in the UK Biobank data. Using a similar approach with the TCGA data, we obtained a model with an AUC of 0.704 95% CI (0.702, 0.706). Variable importance analysis indicated that no single chromosomal region was responsible for significant fraction of the model results.

Conclusion
In this retrospective study, chromosomal-scale length variation could effectively predict whether or not a woman enrolled in the UK Biobank study developed breast cancer.
The impact of ACE2 polymorphisms (rs1978124, rs2285666, and rs2074192) and ACE1 rs1799752 in the mortality rate of COVID-19 in different SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Sheikhian Farzaneh , Sadeghi Mofrad Sahar , Tarashi Samira , Ghazanfari Jajin Morteza , Sakhaee Fatemeh , Ahmadi Iraj , Anvari Enayat , Sheikhpour Mojgan , Fateh Abolfazl 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outcomes could be influenced by genetic polymorphisms in angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE1) and ACE2. This study aims to examine three polymorphisms (rs1978124, rs2285666, and rs2074192) on the ACE2 gene and ACE1 rs1799752 (I/D) in patients who have coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with various SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Methods
Based on polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping, four polymorphisms in the ACE1 and ACE2 genes have been identified in 2023 deceased patients and 2307 recovered patients.

Results
The ACE2 rs2074192 TT genotype was associated with the COVID-19 mortality in all three variants, whereas the CT genotype was associated with the Omicron BA.5 and Delta variants. ACE2 rs1978124 TC genotypes were related to COVID-19 mortality in the Omicron BA.5 and Alpha variants, but TT genotypes were related to COVID-19 mortality in the Delta variant. It was found that ACE2 rs2285666 CC genotypes were associated with COVID-19 mortality in Delta and Alpha variants, and CT genotypes in Delta variants. There was an association between ACE1 rs1799752 DD and ID genotypes in the Delta variant and COVID-19 mortality, whereas there was no association in the Alpha or Omicron BA.5 variants. In all variants of SARS-CoV-2, CDCT and TDCT haplotypes were more common. In Omicron BA.5 and Delta, CDCC and TDCC haplotypes were linked with COVID-19 mortality. In addition to COVID-19 mortality, the CICT, TICT, and TICC were significantly correlated.

Conclusion
The ACE1/ACE2 polymorphisms had an impact on COVID-19 infection, and these polymorphisms had different effects in various SARS-CoV-2 variants. To confirm these results, however, more research needs to be conducted.
Comprehensive profiling of stem-like features in pediatric glioma cell cultures and their relation to the subventricular zone
Authors: Da-Veiga Marc-Antoine , Coppieters Natacha , Lombard Arnaud , Rogister Bernard , Neirinckx Virginie , Piette Caroline 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are brain tumors occurring in children and adolescents associated with a dismal prognosis despite existing treatments. Therapeutic failure in both adult and pHGG has been partially imputed to glioma stem cells (GSC), a subset of cancer cells endowed with stem-like cell potential and malignant, invasive, adaptative, and treatment-resistant capabilities. Whereas GSC have largely been portrayed in adult tumors, less information has been provided in pHGG. The aim of our study was to comprehensively document the stem-like capacities of seven in-use pediatric glioma cell cultures (Res259, UW479, SF188, KNS42, SF8628, HJSD-DIPG-007 and HJSD-DIPG-012) using parallel in vitro assays assessing stem cell-related protein expression, multipotency, self-renewal and proliferation/quiescence, and in vivo investigation of their tumorigenicity and invasiveness. Data obtained from in vitro experiments revealed glioma subtype-dependent expression of stem cell-related markers and varying abilities for differentiation, self-renewal, and proliferation/quiescence. Among tested cultures, DMG H3-K27 altered cultures displayed a particular pattern of stem-like markers expression and a higher fraction of cells with self-renewal potential. Four cultures displaying distinctive stem-like profiles were further tested for their ability to initiate tumors and invade the brain tissue in mouse orthotopic xenografts. The selected cell cultures all showed a great tumor formation capacity, but only DMG H3-K27 altered cells demonstrated a highly infiltrative phenotype. Interestingly, we detected DMG H3-K27 altered cells relocated in the subventricular zone (SVZ), which has been previously described as a neurogenic area, but also a potential niche for brain tumor cells. Finally, we observed an SVZ-induced phenotypic modulation of the glioma cells, as evidenced by their increased proliferation rate. In conclusion, this study recapitulated a systematic stem-like profiling of various pediatric glioma cell cultures and call to a deeper characterization of DMG H3-K27 altered cells nested in the SVZ.
Variation of growth and transcriptome responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in different foxtail millet lines
Authors: Chang Ou-Chi , Lin Wei-Yi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been applied to promote the growth of different crop species, but knowledge about the impacts of symbiosis on foxtail millet at the physiological and molecular levels have remained limited. In this study, we compared the mycorrhization phenotypes of one cultivar and three different landraces and performed a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis to assess the effects of genetic variation on the responses to symbiosis.

Results
Our results showed that colonization by AMF did not enhance biomass accumulation but significantly increased grain production only in three lines. More than 2,000 genes were affected by AMF colonization in all lines. Most AM symbiosis-conserved genes were induced, but the induction levels varied between lines. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that Biological Function terms related to nitrogen transport and assimilation were only enriched in TT8. Similarly, two of phosphate starvation-induced phosphate transporters were only simultaneously downregulated in TT8. In the other two lines, the enrichment of GO terms associated with cell wall reorganization and lignification was observed, though the effects were different.

Conclusion
This study reveals the impacts of genetic variation of millet lines on the responses to AM symbiosis and provides information regarding AMF application for millet production.
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative organisms, Beni-Suef, Egypt
Authors: Ghaith Doaa , Morsy Sara A. , Sebak Mohamed , Rabea Radwa A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCarbapenem-resistant Gram-negative organisms (CRGNO) are a growing threat. We aimed in our study to determine the genotype of carbapenemases at Beni-Suef University Hospital by using newly introduced lateral flow assays in comparison with molecular techniques and test the effectiveness of ceftazidime/avibactam against them.MethodsScreening for carbapenemase production was done by mSuperCARBA (CHROMagar™ company). Genotypic characterization was done using 3 different kits of lateral flow assays: the NG-Test CARBA5 assay (NG Biotech, Guipry, France), RESIST-3 O.K.N. (Coris BioConcept, Belgium) and Carbapenem-resistant K.N.I.V.O Detection K-Set (Beijing Gold Mountain river Tech Development Co, China), whereas genotypic characterization was done for blaVIM blaIMP, blaKPC, blaOXA-48, and blaNDM by PCR.ResultsThe high prevalence of CRGNO in Beni-Suef University Hospital (29%) was dominated byKlebsiella pneumonia(83.3%) harboring OXA-48 (92%). Lateral flow immunoassays showed high sensitivity and specificity for each type of carbapenemases in comparison with PCR.ConclusionThe coexistence of multiple carbapenemases genes in the same isolate increased resistance to new therapeutic options, e.g., CZA/AVI. Proper implementation of isolation measures in health care facilities can render the spread of CRGNO.
Portfolio diversification benefits before and during the times of COVID-19: evidence from USA
Authors: Attia Eman F. , Aly Sharihan Mohamed , ElRawas Ahmed said , Awad Ebtehal Orabi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the portfolio diversification benefits for Islamic and conventional investors in the USA with its major trading partners (United Kingdom, Canada, China, Japan, Malaysia, and Turkey) before and during the COVID-19 crisis period. Using daily data from 2007 to 2020, we employ three relevant time-varying and timescale-dependent techniques, the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) analysis, the wavelet multiple correlation (WMC), and the wavelet multiple cross-correlation (WMCC). The findings suggest that conventional and Islamic US investors who invest with major trading partners may reap large diversification benefits for very short investment horizons (4–8), except for Sharia Malaysia index. However, they may not reap benefits for investment horizons of 8–16 and longer, except for China. In addition, COVID-19 crisis caused a poor diversification opportunity for US investors regardless of the regime they follow (conventional or Islamic). Moreover, the American industrial market depicts a state of impending perfect market integration. Finally, the UK and Canada seem to be the potential market leaders in different wavelet scales. These findings yield important policy implications.
Analysis of the systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage: a case study and analysis of the petroleum industrial heritage in Daqing
Authors: Sun Zhimin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAfter a century of development, China's petroleum industry has introduced numerous and various petroleum industrial heritage elements, which collectively embody the value and significance of China's petroleum industrial heritage. Currently, all levels of government departments are trying to protect petroleum industrial heritage, but only limited heritage types and elements of the petroleum industry are included in official conservation lists, which is not conducive to the systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage. To achieve the systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage, this study introduced a global petroleumscape research method, taking the petroleum industrial heritage of China's Daqing Oil Field as the research object, and conducted a typological and spatiotemporal historical analysis of all the heritage elements in this oilfield. The results revealed that the current conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage focuses on the industrial remains formed by the flow of petroleum materials but rarely on the remains formed by the flow of petroleum capital. Additionally, some common characteristics were observed in the overall spatiotemporal pattern of the petroleum industrial heritage, and these characteristics are closely related to the spatial distribution of petroleum resources, oilfield development strategy, dimension of urban areas, and urban development mode. Finally, this paper highlights several future research topics on the subsequent systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage and provides some reference value for the future systematic conservation of China's petroleum industrial heritage.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Persistent Postoperative Pain After Thoracic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Lu , Yang Meng , Meng Wangtao 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of persistent (≥3 months) postoperative pain (PPP) after thoracic surgery.

METHODS:
For this purpose, Medline, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched for the prevalence and characteristics of PPP after thoracic surgery from their inception to May 1, 2022. Random-effect meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled prevalence and characteristics.

RESULTS:
We included 90 studies with 19,001 patients. At a median follow-up of 12 months, the pooled overall prevalence of PPP after thoracic surgery was 38.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 34.1–42.3). Among patients with PPP, 40.6% (95% CI, 34.4–47.2) and 10.1% (95% CI, 6.8–14.8) experienced moderate-to-severe (rating scale ≥4/10) and severe (rating scale ≥7/10) PPP, respectively. Overall, 56.5% (95% CI, 44.3–67.9) of patients with PPP required opioid analgesic use, and 33.0% (95% CI, 22.5–44.3) showed a neuropathic component.

CONCLUSIONS:
One in 3 thoracic surgery patients developed PPP. There is a need for adequate pain treatment and follow-up in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.
EPLIN-β is a novel substrate of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 and mediates cellular migration
Authors: Li Dan , Neo Suat Peng , Gunaratne Jayantha , Sabapathy Kanaga 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Polyamines promote cellular proliferation. Their levels are controlled by ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 (Az1, encoded by OAZ1), through the proteasome-mediated, ubiquitin-independent degradation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis. Az1-mediated degradation of other substrates such as cyclin D1 (CCND1), DNp73 (TP73) or Mps1 regulates cell growth and centrosome amplification, and the currently known six Az1 substrates are all linked with tumorigenesis. To understand whether Az1-mediated protein degradation might play a role in regulating other cellular processes associated with tumorigenesis, we employed quantitative proteomics to identify novel Az1 substrates. Here, we describe the identification of LIM domain and actin-binding protein 1 (LIMA1), also known as epithelial protein lost in neoplasm (EPLIN), as a new Az1 target. Interestingly, between the two EPLIN isoforms (α and β), only EPLIN-β is a substrate of Az1. The interaction between EPLIN-β and Az1 appears to be indirect, and EPLIN-β is degraded by Az1 in a ubiquitination-independent manner. Az1 absence leads to elevated EPLIN-β levels, causing enhanced cellular migration. Consistently, higher LIMA1 levels correlate with poorer overall survival of colorectal cancer patients. Overall, this study identifies EPLIN-β as a novel Az1 substrate regulating cellular migration.
Diving behaviour of southern elephant seals: new models of behavioural and ecophysiological adjustments of oxygen store management
Authors: Piot Erwan , Picard Baptiste , Badaut Jérôme , Gilbert Caroline , Guinet Christophe 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Among pinnipeds, southern elephant seals (SESs, Mirounga leonina) are extreme divers that dive deeply and continuously along foraging trips to restore their body stores after fasting on land during breeding or moulting. Their replenishment of body stores influences their energy expenditure during dives and their oxygen (O2) reserves (via muscular mass), yet how they manage their O2 stores during their dives is not fully understood. In this study, 63 female SESs from Kerguelen Island were equipped with accelerometers and time–depth recorders to investigate changes in diving parameters through their foraging trips. Two categories of dive behaviour were identified and related to the body size of individuals, with smaller SESs performing shallower and shorter dives requiring greater mean stroke amplitude compared with larger individuals. In relation to body size, the larger seals had lower estimated oxygen consumption levels for a given buoyancy (i.e. body density) compared with smaller individuals. However, both groups were estimated to have the same oxygen consumption of 0.079±0.001 ml O2 stroke−1 kg−1 for a given dive duration and at neutral buoyancy when the cost of transport was minimal. Based on these relationships, we built two models that estimate changes in oxygen consumption according to dive duration and body density. The study highlights that replenishing body stores improves SES foraging efficiency, as indicated by increased time spent at the bottom of the ocean. Thus, prey–capture attempts increase as SES buoyancy approaches the neutral buoyancy point.