bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of helical soil nailing behaviors by response surface methodology and hybrid Coot optimization
Authors: Goyal Archita , Shrivastava Amit Kumar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSoil nailing is one of the effective methods of slope stabilization, and its stability mainly depends on the properties of both the soil and soil nails. Optimizing soil nailing parameters is an effective task to avoid installation issues. This work uses four input parameters: different shaft diameters, surcharge pressure, helical pitch, and inclination angle. The design plan for the experimentation is conducted using Box Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM), performed in design expert software. In addition, RSM is used to determine the optimal design combinations. A total of 25 experimental runs are taking place, and the significance of the developed quadratic model is determined using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Hybrid deep belief network‐based Coot optimization (DBN‐CO) is also used to optimize the pull‐out capacity and the safety factor during installation for more precised prediction. When compared to others the proposed hybrid DBN‐CO predictive model represents the better performance with regressionR = 0.99. Also least MSE & RMSE and highestR&R2values obtained by hybrid DBN‐CO. The obtained experimental outcomes from RSM are 1.46 of safety factor, and 7.55 kN pull‐out capacity. The predicted results from the proposed hybrid DBN‐CO for the safety factor are 1.44 and pull‐out capacity is 7.77 kN. As a result, the optimal results of DBN‐CO are 3% greater than RSM, DBN, and artificial neural network (ANN). Based on prediction approaches the proposed hybrid DBN‐CO results are in perfect agreement with experimental values and are additional superior to the RSM, DBN, and ANN.
Prevalence of nutrition disorders and nutrition‐related conditions in older patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Unsal Pelin , Guner Merve , Ozsurekci Cemile , Balli Nisa , Bas Arzu Okyar , Ozturk Yelda , Dikmeer Ayse , Burkuk Suna , Koca Meltem , Balci Cafer , Dogu Burcu Balam , Cankurtaran Mustafa , Halil Meltem 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundsAlzheimer's disease is frequently encountered with nutrition‐related conditions such as malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, overnutrition, and micronutrient abnormalities in older patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of nutrition disorders and nutrition‐related conditions in the same patient group.MethodsA total of 253 older patients with Alzheimer's disease underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment, which included nutrition‐related disorders, malnutrition via the Mini Nutritional Assessment‐Short Form (MNA‐SF), frailty via the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People‐2 criteria.ResultsThe patients' mean age was 79.8 ± 6.5 years, and 58.1% were women. In our patients, 64.8% had malnutrition or were at risk of malnutrition; 38.3% had sarcopenia; 19.8% were prefrail; and 80.2% were frail. Malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia prevalence increased as the Alzheimer's disease stage progressed. Malnutrition was found to be significantly related with frailty scores via CFS (odds ratio [OR], 1.397; P = 0.0049) and muscle mass via fat‐free mass index (FFMI) (OR, 0.793; P = 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, age, MNA‐SF, and CFS were included in the model to detect the independent correlates of probable and confirmed sarcopenia. CFS was independently associated with probable and confirmed sarcopenia (OR, 1.822; P = 0.013; OR, 2.671; P = 0.001, respectively). Frailty was similarly related with FFMI (OR, 0.836; P = 0.031). Obesity was independently related with FFMI (OR, 0.688; P < 0.001).ConclusionIn conclusion, nutrition disorders and nutrition‐related conditions can present concurrently in patients with all stages of Alzheimer's disease; therefore, these frequent problems should be screened and diagnosed accordingly.
Medical line entanglement: The unspoken patient safety hazard of medical devices
Authors: Larimer Cara , Sumner Vanessa , Wander Diane 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn February 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration published a safety communication regarding the risk of strangulation from enteral feeding delivery sets. When it comes to the causes of accidental strangulation or asphyxiation, it is common knowledge that household items, such as window blind cords, are potential hazards. However, many people may not expect that medical devices may pose similar risks because of medical line entanglement (MLE).MethodsA survey of clinicians from pediatric acute care and outpatient facilities and caregivers of patients with medical lines was conducted with a goal to understand if clinicians and caregivers are aware of MLE, if healthcare facilities have policies and procedures related to the prevention of MLE, and if education about the risks of MLE is provided to caregivers when they first receive a medical device.ResultsThe survey was shared through clinician organizations and patient advocacy groups. Responses were received from 191 clinicians and 117 caregivers. A majority of clinicians reported awareness of the risk of entanglement; however, few received direction from their employer on managing these risks. Caregivers (N = 106) reported that their child had experienced MLE, however only 9% of those caregivers recalled receiving any education on MLE from their healthcare providers.ConclusionThis survey demonstrates the need for healthcare facilities to develop programs for managing risks of MLE and for healthcare teams and caregivers to discuss prevention methods whenever an at‐risk patient is sent home with a medical device that poses a risk for entanglement.
A randomized trial examining the effect of yoga on dietary lapses and lapse triggers following behavioral weight loss treatment
Authors: Unick Jessica L. , Dunsiger Shira I. , Bock Beth C. , Sherman Sally A. , Braun Tosca D. , Hayes Jacqueline F. , Goldstein Stephanie P. , Wing Rena R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDietary lapses can hinder weight loss and yoga can improve self‐regulation, which may protect against lapses. This study examined the effect of yoga on dietary lapses, potential lapse triggers (e.g., affective states, cravings, dietary temptations), and reasons for initiating eating following weight loss treatment.MethodsSixty women with overweight/obesity (34.3 ± 3.9 kg/m2) were randomized to a 12 week yoga intervention (2x/week; YOGA) or contact‐matched control (cooking/nutrition classes; CON) following a 12‐week behavioral weight loss program. Participants responded to smartphone surveys (5x/day) over a 10‐day period at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks to assess lapses and triggers.ResultsAt 24 weeks, YOGA and CON differed on several types of lapses (i.e., less eating past full, eating more than usual, loss of control when eating, self‐identified overeating, difficulty stopping eating in YOGA), and YOGA was less likely to eat to feel better or in response to stress (ps < 0.05). YOGA also reported less stress and anxiety and more positive affect (ps < 0.01); dietary temptations and cravings did not differ from CON.ConclusionYoga resulted in fewer dietary lapses and improved affect among women with overweight/obesity following weight loss. While preliminary, findings suggest that yoga should be considered as a potential component of weight loss treatment to target dietary lapses.
Pregnancy termination at a viable stage in daily clinical practice: A nationwide mortality follow‐back study in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Roets Ellen , Beernaert Kim , Chambaere Kenneth , Deliens Luc , van Berkel Kim , De Catte Luc , Vanhaesebrouck Sophie , Roelens Kristien , Dombrecht Laure 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveCongenital malformations are frequently diagnosed prenatally even at a viable stage. No adequate registration of incidence and characteristics of late termination of pregnancy (TOP) or abortion for medical reasons exists in Flanders.MethodsNationwide mortality follow‐back survey sent to physicians signing death certificates of all stillbirths for 22 weeks gestation onward (September 2016–December 2017) in Flanders, Belgium. Questions measured whether late TOP preceded stillbirth, and which clinical and sociodemographic characteristics were indicated. Questionnaire data were linked with sociodemographic information from death certificates.ResultsResponse rate was 56% (203/366). 38% of stillbirths (77/203) concerned late TOP. In 88.3% of late TOPs, physicians classified congenital anomalies of the foetus as serious or very serious (incompatibility with life outside the womb or severe neurological or physical impairment). In 26% of cases, late TOP was first suggested by the physician rather than spontaneously requested by parents (73%). 88% of late TOPs were discussed in open team meetings.Conclusions2/5 stillbirths were preceded by late TOP, indicating severe underreportation by existing registrations and a dire need for adequate registration methods. Although late TOP was most often explicitly requested by parents, in ¼ cases termination was suggested first by physicians. Parents are sometimes hesitant to bring up late TOP themselves, indicating that TOP should always be counselled as an equivalent option.
Registration of ‘USDA Rattler’ pinto bean
Authors: Miklas Phillip N. , Soler‐Garzón Alvaro , Valentini Giseli , Pastor‐Corrales Marcial 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), ‘USDA Rattler’ (Reg. no. CV‐350, PI 693789), was released by the USDA‐ARS in 2021 as a high‐yielding, upright, full‐season cultivar with abiotic stress tolerance. It was bred for broad adaptation to the different bean production regions across the United States by selection for high yield performance under nonstress and multiple stress trials in Washington state. The multiple stress trials included a “purgatory” plot with low fertility, intermittent drought, and soil compaction, and a separate trial which simulated terminal drought. Conversely, the nonstress trials were well watered and fertilized to optimize yield potential. Yield stability is evidenced by the mean seed yield for the breeding line PT11‐13, from which USDA Rattler was selected, numerically exceeding the trial means for 33 of 38 location‐years. Broad adaptation for USDA Rattler is further evidenced by an average seed yield of 4547 kg ha−1 across 10 location‐years in the Cooperative Dry Bean Nursery. Genetic markers as well as pathogen testing indicate USDA Rattler has I and bc‐3 gene combination for durable resistance to all known strains of Bean common mosaic virus and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus. Greenhouse testing with four races of the rust pathogen indicated USDA Rattler is fixed for the Ur‐3 resistance gene but is heterogenous for presence of the Ur‐11 resistance gene. The seed size, appearance, and canning quality characteristics of USDA Rattler meets the industry standards for packaging and processing.
PSA density does not improve predictive accuracy of the UCSF‐CAPRA score
Authors: Parker Robert , Bell Alexander , Chang Kevin , Greenberg Scott , Washington Samuel L. , Cowan Janet E. , Carroll Peter R. , Cooperberg Matthew R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe University of California, San Francisco Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score is a validated tool using factors at diagnosis to predict prostate cancer outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP). This study evaluates whether substitution of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) density for serum PSA improves predictive performance of the clinical CAPRA model.MethodsParticipants were diagnosed in 2000–2019 with stage T1/T2 cancer, underwent RP, with at least a 6‐month follow‐up. We computed standard CAPRA score using diagnostic age, Gleason grade, percent positive cores, clinical T stage, and serum PSA, and an alternate score using similar variables but substituting PSA density for PSA. We reported CAPRA categories as low (0–2), intermediate (3–5), and high (6–10) risk. Recurrence was defined as two consecutive PSA ≥ 0.2 ng/mL or receipt of salvage treatment. Life table and Kaplan–Meier analysis evaluated recurrence‐free survival after prostatectomy. Cox proportional hazards regression models tested associations of standard or alternate CAPRA variables with recurrence risk. Additional models tested associations between standard or alternate CAPRA score with recurrence risk. Cox log‐likelihood ratio test (−2 LOG L) assessed model accuracy.ResultsA total of 2880 patients had median age 62 years, GG1 30% and GG2 31%, median PSA 6.5, and median PSA density 0.19. Median postoperative follow‐up was 45 months. Alternate CAPRA model was associated with shifts in risk scores, with 16% of patients increasing and 7% decreasing (p < 0.01). Recurrence‐free survival after RP was 75% at 5 years and 62% at 10 years. Both CAPRA component models were associated with recurrence risk after RP on Cox regression. Covariate fit statistics showed better fit for standard CAPRA model versus alternate (p < 0.01). Standard (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50–1.61) and alternate (HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.44–1.55) CAPRA scores were associated with recurrence risk, with better fit for standard model (p < 0.01).ConclusionsIn a 2880 patient cohort followed for median 45 months after RP, alternate CAPRA model using PSA density was associated with higher biochemical recurrence (BCR) risk, but performed inferior to standard CAPRA at predicting BCR. While PSA density is an established prognostic variable in prediagnostic settings and sub‐stratifying low‐risk disease, it does not improve BCR model predictive accuracy when applied across a range of cancer risk.
Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of [14C]dersimelagon, an investigational oral selective melanocortin 1 receptor agonist, in preclinical species and healthy volunteers
Authors: Tsuda Minoru , Ogawa Kei , Endou Tadashi , Goto Takahiro , Ogasawara Yuko , Ogasawara Akihito 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDersimelagon (formerly MT‐7117) is a novel, orally administered nonpeptide small molecule selective agonist for melanocortin 1 receptor currently being investigated for the treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria, X‐linked protoporphyria, and diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc). Findings of studies evaluating the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of dersimelagon following a single dose of [14C]dersimelagon in healthy adult volunteers (N = 6) who participated in phase 1, single‐center, open‐label, mass balance study (NCT03503266), and in preclinical animal models are presented. Rapid absorption and elimination were observed following oral administration of [14C]dersimelagon in clinical and nonclinical studies, with a mean Tmax of 30 min in rats and 1.5 h in monkeys, and a median Tmax of 2 h in humans. In rats, there was a widespread distribution of [14C]dersimelagon‐related material, but little or no radioactivity was detected in the brain or fetal tissues. In humans, elimination of radioactivity in urine was negligible (excretion of radioactivity into the urine: 0.31% of dose), and the primary route of excretion was feces, with more than 90% of the radioactivity recovered through 5 days postdose. Based on these findings, dersimelagon is not retained in the human body. Findings from humans and animals suggest dersimelagon is extensively metabolized to the glucuronide in the liver, which is eliminated in bile, and hydrolyzed to unchanged dersimelagon in the gut. The results to date for this orally administered agent elucidate the ADME of dersimelagon in human and animal species and support its continued development for the treatment of photosensitive porphyrias and dcSSc.
Effect of food simulants on stability of copper oxide in bionanocomposite food packaging film
Authors: Bumbudsanpharoke Nattinee , Chongcharoenyanon Busarin , Harnkarnsujarit Nathdanai , Kwon Seongyoung , Ko Seonghyuk 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAddition of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) to poly (butylene‐adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) biopolymer blend produced bionanocomposite films with improved mechanical and oxygen barrier properties, as well as enhanced other benefits including antimicrobial activity. In this study, the PBAT/TPS‐CuO bionanocomposite films with varying CuONPs contents (0.05%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2%) were challenged by food simulants (10% ethanol represented to aqueous food and 3% acetic acid represented to acidic food) in accordance with European Regulation 10/2011. CuONPs in the bionanocomposite films demonstrated good stability when exposed to 10% ethanol; however, it was dissolved in 3% acetic acid. The X‐ray diffraction and the energy dispersive spectroscopy results showed that CuONPs in the film were completely lost after acid exposure, whereas CuONPs in the films exposed to 10% EtOH were preserved. The maximum overall migration value was 5.0 mg/dm2. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to confirm the presence of Cu in the simulants. The highest soluble Cu value of 12.39 mg/kg was detected from PBAT/TPS‐CuO2%, while migration value decreased as concentration ratio in film decreased. Although both values were within the threshold limits established by current legislation for non‐specific migration limit substances in food contact materials, the properties of bionanocomposite were altered. The mechanical properties of a post‐migrated PBAT‐TPS/CuO films taken from acidic conditions were reduced by 22% in tensile strength and 53% in elongation at break due to holes and microcracks on the film surface observed by scanning electron microscope. The average sealing strength of all bionanocomposite films decreased by about 25% after acid exposure. The oxygen permeability, on the other hand, was significantly improved, with a 16.3% reduction. Because the film had lost all of its active agent, film was unable to inhibit Escherichia coli growth. While 3% acetic acid caused dissolution of CuONPs and significant changes in properties of PBAT/TPS‐CuO film, 10% ethanol caused very minor to no changes in bionanocomposite film properties.
Determination of the remediability score for remediation liability allocation among polluters
Authors: Priya Lakshmi , Varghese George K. , Pivato Alberto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhen a pollution incident occurs, there can be impact liability and/or remediation liability on the polluter. The impact liability pays for the loss of life and property due to pollution. The remediation liability is to pay for remediating the environment in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. If there is only one polluter in a pollution incident, the entire liability can be placed on the sole polluter. However, liability allocation becomes complex when there are multiple polluters. To allocate the fractional remediation liability among multiple polluters, it is important to identify the factors that determine the cost of remediation so that a just distribution of liability can be made based on the contribution of each polluting party to the factors identified. Along with factors such as “quantity of the chemical released by the polluter,” “distribution of the chemical in the environmental medium,” “persistence of the chemical in the environmental medium,” and so forth, the ease with which the chemical pollutant can be separated from the contaminated medium, which we name as “remediability,” is important in deciding the remediation liability. The “remediability” of a chemical is critical in selecting the remediation technologies to be adopted and, consequently, in deciding the cost of remediation. Determination of a remediability score (RS) for each “chemical–environment medium” pair will help in quantifying the ease with which the site can be remediated. The score is envisaged on a 0–100 scale. The higher the score, the more difficult it is to remediate the chemical in the environmental medium under consideration. The score is estimated based on a set of predetermined factors that are characteristic to the technologies available for remediation. The factors are then subjected to a Delphi process to arrive at the weights. The overall RS is determined by determining the weighted impact of the identified factors after the normalization of the magnitudes of factors.
Biomarker‐based Bayesian randomized clinical trial design for identifying a target population
Authors: Sugitani Yasuo , Morita Satoshi , Nakakura Akiyoshi , Yamamoto Hideharu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe challenges and potential benefits of incorporating biomarkers into clinical trial designs have been increasingly discussed, in particular to develop new agents for immune‐oncology or targeted cancer therapies. To more accurately identify a sensitive subpopulation of patients, in many cases, a larger sample size—and consequently higher development costs and a longer study period—might be required. This article discusses a biomarker‐based Bayesian (BM‐Bay) randomized clinical trial design that incorporates a predictive biomarker measured on a continuous scale with pre‐determined cutoff points or a graded scale to define multiple patient subpopulations. We consider designing interim analyses with suitable decision criteria to achieve correct and efficient identification of a target patient population for developing a new treatment. The proposed decision criteria allow not only the take‐in of sensitive subpopulations but also the ruling‐out of insensitive ones on the basis of the efficacy evaluation of a time‐to‐event outcome. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the operating characteristics of the proposed method, including the probability of correct identification of the desired subpopulation and the expected number of patients, under a wide range of clinical scenarios. For illustration purposes, we apply the proposed method to design a randomized phase II immune‐oncology clinical trial.
The Ordered Mesoporous Barium Ferrite Compounded with Nitrogen‐Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide for Microwave Absorption Materials
Authors: He Fuling , Zhao Wei , Cao Lei , Liu Zhifu , Sun Linquan , Zhang Zhiyu , Zhang Hui , Qi Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanocomposites with hierarchical pore structure hold great potentials for applications in the field of microwave‐absorbing materials because of their lightweight and high‐efficiency absorption properties. Herein, M‐type barium ferrite (BaM) with ordered mesoporous structure (M‐BaM) is prepared via a sol–gel process enhanced by mixed anionic and cationic surfactants. The surface area of M‐BaM is enhanced almost ten times compared with BaM together with 40% reflection loss enhancing. Then M‐BaM compounded with nitrogen‐doped reduced graphene oxide (MBG) is synthesized via hydrothermal reaction in which the reduction and nitrogen doping of graphene oxide (GO) in situ occur simultaneously. Interestingly, the mesoporous structure is able to provide opportunity for reductant to enter the bulk M‐BaM reducing its Fe3+ to Fe2+ and further forms Fe3O4. It requires an optimal balance among the remained mesopores in MBG, formed Fe3O4, and CN in nitrogen‐doped graphene (N‐RGO) for optimizing impedance matching and greatly increasing multiple reflections/interfacial polarization. MBG‐2 (GO:M‐BaM = 1:10) achieves the minimum reflection loss of −62.6 dB with an effective bandwidth of 4.2 GHz at an ultra‐thin thickness of 1.4 mm. In addition, the marriage of mesoporous structure of M‐BaM and light mass of graphene reduces the density of MBG.