bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum concentrations of amino acids and tryptophan metabolites are affected by consumption of a light breakfast: a clinical intervention study in adults with overweight or obesity
Authors: Hagen Ingrid V. , Helland Anita , Bratlie Marianne , Midttun Øivind , McCann Adrian , Ulvik Arve , Mellgren Gunnar , Ueland Per M. , Gudbrandsen Oddrun A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Epidemiological studies often investigate amino acids and their metabolites as biomarkers, but do not always consistently use fasting or non-fasting blood samples, or may lack information on the prandial status of the study participants. Since little information is available on the effects of the prandial status on many biomarkers, and since blood is typically sampled early in the day with participants in a fasting state or after having consumed a light meal in many trials, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of a light breakfast on serum concentrations of amino acids and related metabolites.

Methods
Blood was collected from sixty-three healthy adults (36 women) in the fasting state and at set times for 120 min after intake of a light breakfast with low protein content (14 g protein, 2218 kJ). Relative changes in serum biomarker concentrations from fasting to postprandial serum concentrations were tested using T test.

Results
The serum concentrations of 13 of the 20 measured amino acids were significantly changed 60 min following breakfast intake, with the most marked effects seen as increases in alanine (34%) and proline (45%) concentrations. The response did not reflect the amino acid composition of the breakfast. The concentrations of seven kynurenine metabolites were significantly decreased after breakfast.

Conclusion
Consumption of a light breakfast affected serum concentrations of several amino acids and related metabolites, underlining the importance of having information regarding the participants’ prandial state at the time of blood sampling in studies including these biomarkers.

Trial registration
This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02350595 (registered January 2015).
Maritime infrastructure and growth: econometric measurement using panel data from Tunisia
Authors: Harizi Riadh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study applied a Cobb–Douglas production function in an attempt to assess the effect of increased maritime sector investment on economic growth. It did this for the Tunisian economy based on panel data for the 1985–2020 period, thus making it possible to confirm the importance of spillover effects resulting from developing the Tunisian maritime infrastructure. Increases in added value for market services and non-manufacturing industries proves the benefits of investments but also the harm caused by the structuring effects of marine infrastructure. The results reveal, however, that the positive induced effects are not guaranteed, because the development of maritime infrastructure can have the opposite effect, such as by shrinking the size of the manufacturing industries in relation to services, which is a striking example of a negative effect that was suffered by the Tunisian economy.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: literature review
Authors: Ribas Michelle Zonkowski , Paticcié Gabriela Ferreira , de Medeiros Sara Diógenes Peixoto , de Oliveira Veras Arthur , Noleto Felipe Micelli , dos Santos Júlio César Claudino 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) is a neurovascular condition characterized by a severe sudden-onset headache that may be associated with focal neurological deficits. On imaging, the suggestive finding corresponds to multifocal vasoconstriction of the cerebral arteries, with a spontaneous resolution of approximately 12 weeks. The identification of precipitating factors and diagnosis must be carried out early, so that adequate management is established and the patient has a good prognosis, given the risk of secondary complications and residual neurological deficits. This study consists of a literature review based on the analysis of articles published between 2017 and 2022 in PubMed, SciELO, and ScienceDirect on RCVS, intending to understand the clinical and radiological characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with RCVS. The pathophysiology, drug management, and prognosis still lack solid evidence; therefore, further studies on RCVS are needed to expand medical knowledge and avoid underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment of this important condition.
Nanoparticle carriers enhance RNA stability and uptake efficiency and prolong the protection against Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Wang Yumeng , Yan Qin , Lan Chi , Tang Tao , Wang Kuaibing , Shen Jie , Niu Dongdong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) can inhibit plant diseases by topical application of double- (dsRNA) or single-stranded (sRNA) RNA molecules onto plants to silence virulence-related pathogen genes. However, the on-field application of SIGS is limited by the instability of naked RNA and low RNA uptake by pathogens. Nanoparticles have been used as RNA carriers to enhance RNA silencing. Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani) is one of the most devastating fungal diseases in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we aimed to explore the protective effects of nanoparticle-delivered dsRNA against rice sheath blight. The key pathogenic genes, RsAGO1 and RsAGO2, of R. solani were screened as targets for dsRNA. Chitosan (CS), polyethyleneimine (PEI), protamine, carbon quantum dot (CQD), polyamidoamine (PAMAM), and chitosan/SPc complex (CSC) were selected as dsRNA carriers. All the evaluated nanoparticles could assemble with dsRNA to form nanoparticle-dsRNA complexes, and CQD and CSC showed improved dsRNA load capacity. Particularly, CSC could enhance the stability of dsRNA and cause a 7% reduction in fluorescence intensity after nuclease treatment. CSC and CS effectively enhanced the efficiency of dsRNA uptake by pathogens. Furthermore, CSC could reduce pathogen infection and prolong the protection time of dsRNA by up to 20 days. Overall, this study provides a novel and efficacious SIGS-based strategy for producing RNA-based fungicides.
A pragmatic context assessment tool (pCAT): using a Think Aloud method to develop an assessment of contextual barriers to change
Authors: Robinson Claire H. , Damschroder Laura J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) is a determinant framework that can be used to guide context assessment prior to implementing change. Though a few quantitative measurement instruments have been developed based on the CFIR, most assessments using the CFIR have relied on qualitative methods. One challenge to measurement is to translate conceptual constructs which are often described using highly abstract, technical language into lay language that is clear, concise, and meaningful. The purpose of this paper is to document methods to develop a freely available pragmatic context assessment tool (pCAT). The pCAT is based on the CFIR and designed for frontline quality improvement teams as an abbreviated assessment of local facilitators and barriers in a clinical setting.

Methods
Twenty-seven interviews using the Think Aloud method (asking participants to verbalize thoughts as they respond to assessment questions) were conducted with frontline employees to improve a pilot version of the pCAT. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim; the CFIR guided coding and analyses.

Results
Participants identified several areas where language in the pCAT needed to be modified, clarified, or allow more nuance to increase usefulness for frontline employees. Participants found it easier to respond to questions when they had a recent, specific project in mind. Potential barriers and facilitators tend to be unique to each specific improvement. Participants also identified missing concepts or that were conflated, leading to refinements that made the pCAT more understandable, accurate, and useful.

Conclusions
The pCAT is designed to be practical, using everyday language familiar to frontline employees. The pCAT is short (14 items), freely available, does not require research expertise or experience. It is designed to draw on the knowledge of individuals most familiar with their own clinical context. The pCAT has been available online for approximately two years and has generated a relatively high level of interest indicating potential usefulness of the tool.
Approach to the Patient: Preventing Adrenal Crisis Through Patient and Clinician Education
Authors: Ahmet Alexandra , Gupta Anshu , Malcolm Janine , Constantacos Cathrine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Adrenal crisis continues to be an important cause of death despite being a preventable condition. Significant deficits in patient education in the prevention of adrenal crisis have been identified as a contributor to adrenal crisis risk, despite the importance of patient education being highlighted in international guidelines. Deficits in clinician education have also been identified as risk factors for adrenal crisis although they have not been addressed. We use 3 clinical cases to highlight the role of both patient and clinician education in the prevention of adrenal crisis, review what is known about education related to adrenal insufficiency and provide a possible approach to addressing education deficits with the aim of reducing the risk of adrenal crisis through both patient and clinician education.
Effects of Hypocaloric Low-Fat, Ketogenic, and Ketogenic and Ketone Supplement Diets on Aldosterone and Renin
Authors: Belany Paul , Kackley Madison L , Zhao Songzhu , Kluwe Bjorn , Buga Alex , Crabtree Christopher D , Nedungadi Divya , Kline David , Brock Guy , Simonetti Orlando P , Volek Jeff S , Joseph Joshua J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Context
Ketogenic diets (KDs) and low-fat diets (LFD) result in similar weight loss, but have differential cardiometabolic effects on lipids and insulin. Generally, weight loss decreases renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) activity.

Objective
Investigate the effects of KDs with varying sodium content vs LFD on RAAS in overweight and obese adults.

Methods
Twenty-eight participants were randomized 1:1 to a KD + ketone salt supplement (KD + KS) or a KD + placebo (KD + PL) arm with prepared hypocaloric meals. Twelve participants were enrolled in a post hoc LFD arm. Serum renin, aldosterone, and anthropometric and metabolic biomarkers were assessed at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Linear mixed models with random intercepts were used to compare between group differences controlling for sex and body mass index.

Results
Participants had a median age of 33 years, 51% female, weighed 91.3 kg, with body mass index 30.6 kg/m2. At 6 weeks, weight decreased by 6, 8, and 7 kg on average in the KD + KS, KD + PL, and LFD groups, respectively (P &lt; .05). Aldosterone increased by 88% and 144% in the KD + PL and KD + KS groups, respectively, but did not change in the LFD after 6 weeks while renin decreased across groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not change in the KD + PL and KD + KS groups. Log ketones were positively associated with aldosterone (P &lt; .001). Aldosterone was not associated with cardiovascular measures including blood pressure and ejection fraction (P &gt; .05).

Conclusion
KD reduced weight and increased aldosterone without worsening cardiometabolic risk factors. Future KD studies are needed to elucidate mechanistic connections between ketones and aldosterone.
Discrepancies between two long-term dietary datasets in the United Kingdom (UK)
Authors: Smith Kerry G. , Scheelbeek Pauline , Balmford Andrew , Alexander Peter , Garnett Emma E. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Studying dietary trends can help monitor progress towards healthier and more sustainable diets but longitudinal data are often confounded by lack of standardized methods. Two main data sources are used for longitudinal analysis of diets: food balance sheets on food supply (FBS) and household budget surveys on food purchased (HBS). Methods: We used UK longitudinal dietary data on food supply, provided by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) (FAO-FBS, 1961-2018), and food purchases, provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) (Defra-HBS, 1942-2018). We assessed how trends in dietary change per capita compared between FAO-FBS and Defra-HBS for calories, meat and fish, nuts and pulses, and dairy, and how disparities have changed over time. Results: Estimates made by FAO-FBS were significantly higher (p<0.001) than Defra-HBS for calorie intake and all food types, except nuts and pulses which were significantly lower (p<0.001). These differences are partly due to inclusion of retail waste in FAO-FBS data and under-reporting in Defra- HBS data. The disparities between the two datasets increased over time for calories, meat and dairy; did not change for fish; and decreased for nuts and pulses. Between 1961 and 2018, both FAO-FBS and Defra-FBS showed an increase in meat intake (+23.4% and +1.4%, respectively) and a decrease in fish (-7.1% and -3.2%, respectively). Temporal trends did not agree between the two datasets for dairy, calories, and nuts and pulses. Conclusions: Our finding raises questions over the robustness of both data sources for monitoring UK dietary change, especially when used for evidence-based decision making around health, climate change and sustainability.
A Simulation of Optimal Model on Fractional Aircraft Ownership (FAO) Management
Authors: Sumarti Novriana , Brahmandita Ida B.P. , Aqsha Muhammad A. 
Published: January 2023

Compared to owning a private jet, Fractional Aircraft Ownership (FAO) concept is a cheaper alternative for very mobile business persons who want to travel in comfort. The aircraft is owned by a number of customers (referred to as “owners”) and the flight hours of its operation are shared based on each owner’s portion. In this research, we do the simulation of an FAO company with very large demands with 27 cities of destination, which are commonly visited by business people in Indonesia. We derive flight demands stochastically from the owners and create optimal flying schedules based on the demands. Using the calculation of fixed and variable costs, we can determine the optimal flight pairings that minimized the operational cost. Eventually, we can determine the number of aircraft needed to be owned by FAO so the business will profit.
Joint lifetime modeling with matrix distributions
Authors: Albrecher Hansjörg , Bladt Martin , Müller Alaric J. A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Acyclic phase-type (PH) distributions have been a popular tool in survival analysis, thanks to their natural interpretation in terms of aging toward its inevitable absorption. In this article, we consider an extension to the bivariate setting for the modeling of joint lifetimes. In contrast to previous models in the literature that were based on a separate estimation of the marginal behavior and the dependence structure through a copula, we propose a new time-inhomogeneous version of a multivariate PH (mIPH) class that leads to a model for joint lifetimes without that separation. We study properties of mIPH class members and provide an adapted estimation procedure that allows for right-censoring and covariate information. We show that initial distribution vectors in our construction can be tailored to reflect the dependence of the random variables and use multinomial regression to determine the influence of covariates on starting probabilities. Moreover, we highlight the flexibility and parsimony, in terms of needed phases, introduced by the time inhomogeneity. Numerical illustrations are given for the data set of joint lifetimes of Frees et al., where 10 phases turn out to be sufficient for a reasonable fitting performance. As a by-product, the proposed approach enables a natural causal interpretation of the association in the aging mechanism of joint lifetimes that goes beyond a statistical fit.
Performance evaluation of ResNet model for classification of tomato plant disease
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Pal Saurabh , Singh Vijendra Pratap , Jaiswal Priya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The plant tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) is vastly infected by various diseases. Exact diagnosis on time contributes a significant job to the good production of tomato crops. The key objective of this article is to recognize the infection in tomato leaves with better accuracy and in less time.

Methods
Nowadays deep convolutional neural networks have attained surprising outcomes in several applications, together with the categorization of tomato leaves infected with several diseases. Our work is based on deep CNN with different residual networks. Finally; we have performed tomato leaves disease classification by using pre-trained deep CNN with the residual network using MATLAB available on the cloud.

Results
We have used a dataset of tomato leaves for the experiments which contain six different types of diseases with one healthy tomato leaf class. We have collected 6,594 tomato leaves dataset from Plant Village and we did not collect actual tomato leaves for testing. The outcome obtained by ResNet-50 shows a significant result with 96.35% accuracy for 50% training and 50% testing data and if we focus on time consumption for the outcome then ResNet-18 consumes 12.46 min for 70% training and 30% testing.

Conclusions
After observation of several outcomes, we have concluded that ResNet-50 shows a better accuracy for 50% training and 50% testing of data and ResNet-18 shows better efficiency for 70% training and 30% testing of data for the same dataset on the cloud.
Finite groups whose maximal subgroups of even order are MSN-groups
Authors: Wang Wanlin , Guo Pengfei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A finite group

G

G

is called an MSN-group if all maximal subgroups of the Sylow subgroups of

G

G

are subnormal in

G

G

. In this article, we investigate the structure of finite groups

G

G

such that

G

G

is a non-MSN-group of even order in which every maximal subgroup of even order is an MSN-group. In addition, we determine the minimal simple groups all of whose second maximal subgroups are MSN-groups.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Inkuiri Berbasis Eksperimen dengan Menggunakan Media Sederhana untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fisika
Authors: Fegi Fegi , Ali Muhammad , Ali Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh pendekatan inkuiri berbasis eksperimen dengan menggunakan media sederhana terhadap hasil belajar fisika pada siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Luwuk. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen kuasi dengan the equivalent pretest-posttest goup design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Luwuk. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas XI IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI IPA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah siswa masing-masing kelas sebanyak 18 orang. Instrumen hasil belajar berupa tes pilihan ganda yang telah divalidkan melalui validator ahli. Tes hasil belajar yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata kelompok eksperimen 19,50 lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol yaitu 16,94. Uji hipotesis Uji-t (dua pihak), diperoleh = 3,65 dan = 2,024 pada taraf nyata ⍺ = 0,05. Ini berarti bahwa nilai berada diluar daerah penerimaan Ho. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada Pengaruh Pendekatan Inkuiri Berbasis Eksperimen dengan Menggunakan Media Sederhana untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fisika pada Siswa Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 3 Luwuk.
In Search of “Cultural Saints”
Authors: Kučinskienė Aistė 
Published: January 2023

Viktorija Šeina, Savas svetimas dainius. Adamas Mickiewiczius lietuvių literatūros kanone (1883–1940): monografija, Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2021, 304 p.
Pursuing the Past: Hunting in Józef Weyssenhoff’s The Sable and the Girl
Authors: Pauliukevičiūtė Dalia 
Published: January 2023

The article investigates Józef Weyssenhoff’s novel The Sable and the Girl (Polish: Soból i panna) published in 1911. The name of its author is rarely mentioned when discussing the Polish literature of the late 19th and early 20th century. Most literary critics agree, however, that the signature feature in Weyssenhoff’s works is his poetic descriptions of nature and hunting, especially in aforementioned work. The article analyses the interplay of Lithuanian and Polish cultures in this text as well as its Lithuanian literary geography. The question is raised as to what cultural and literary meanings might have been concentrated in the novel at the turn of the 20th century, and what Polish-Lithuanian cultural connections were revealed due to it. The article introduction offers a brief overview of the changes in depicting hunting in Western literature and cultural tradition, and considers to what extent those insights are still valid when analysing the works of various authors attributed to and impacted by the legacy of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The article further traces the competing plots of love and hunting in Weyssenhoff’s novel, and the writer’s ambition to employ the symbol of the lost world – hunting. A combination of extratextual references, internal textual relations, and detectable intertexts has been employed to interpret the novel; therefore, when delving into the development of the narrative, none of the theories (e.g., intertextuality) is clearly dominant. When discussing The Sable and the Girl in the Lithuanian cultural field, the historical contexts of the early 20th century Russian Empire, the intertexts of Polish literary tradition as well as the concept of hunting and a colonial look at the sociocultural environment where the narrative is developed remain of similar significance.
Travel as the Answer: Bodo Kirchhoff “Widerfahrnis”
Authors: Katinienė Violeta 
Published: January 2023

Travels and the longing for afar have been and still are the source of inspiration for many authors. This article analyses Bodo Kirchoff’s short story “Widerfahrnis” (“Encounter”), which belongs to the genre of travel literature and extends the literary tradition of German authors to choose the theme of travel to Italy in their work (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Heinrich Heine, Thomas Mann, etc.). The short story raises the existential questions of longing for love, loneliness, confrontation with refugees, and moral and social aspects of relations with them. The article aims to reveal how the structures of experience described by the German phenomenologist Bernhard Waldenfels appear in the work of Bodo Kirchhoff. What happens to us does not happen without our involvement but goes beyond it. The experience begins not with the intentional gaze of the subject, but when someone (a stranger) touches us, encounters us, causes us to react and raises tension. Bernhard Waldenfels attributes the encounter to the realm of pathos, meaning to the realm of feelings. Response or the inevitable response to an encounter comes earlier than an understanding or an answer. Although the title of the short story is in the singular form, it reveals many encounters: a meeting of an older couple, a spontaneous trip to Italy, an encounter with a refugee girl and a refugee family, the birth of love and its loss.