bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of Australasian tektites from gravity and magnetic indicators
Authors: Karimi Kurosh , Kletetschka Gunther , Mizera Jiří , Meier Verena , Strunga Vladimír 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe parent impact crater of Australasian tektites has not been discovered so far, but a consensus has been accepted on its location in a wider area of Indochina. Recently, an alternative location has been suggested in the Badain Jaran Desert (BJD), Northwest China. Employing gravity and magnetic data derived from satellites, possible presence of an impact structure in BJD is investigated. The gravity parameters include the free air gravity disturbance, its vertical derivative component and total horizontal gradient (THG), strike alignment (SA), and Bouguer anomaly with its first vertical derivative and tilt angle. The magnetic parameters include the anomalous total magnetic field (TMF), its reduced to the pole transformation (RTP), the first vertical derivative of the TMF vertical component (Bzz), tilt angle (TA), and logistic total horizontal gradient (LTHG). Both the gravity and magnetic indicators support the presence of the impact structure. Gravity parameters display typical annular gravity highs circumscribing a gravity low. SA analysis reveals preferred parallel directions, implying the susceptibility of special zones to the impact shock waves, both within and beyond the rim. TMF reveals a large magnetic anomaly in the southern part of the proposed crater, and RTP displaces and restricts it further into the rim. Bzz weakens the long wavelength anomalies, amplifies the superficial ones, and separates them horizontally. TA and LTHG delineate the deep-seated and shallow magnetic signals related to the peak and border magnetization, respectively.
Bmp8a deletion leads to obesity through regulation of lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation
Authors: Zhong Shenjie , Chen Lihui , Li Xinyi , Wang Xinyuan , Ji Guangdong , Sun Chen , Liu Zhenhui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe role of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in regulating adipose has recently become a field of interest. However, the underlying mechanism of this effect has not been elucidated. Here we show that the anti-fat effect of Bmp8a is mediated by promoting fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting adipocyte differentiation. Knocking out the bmp8a gene in zebrafish results in weight gain, fatty liver, and increased fat production. The bmp8a-/- zebrafish exhibits decreased phosphorylation levels of AMPK and ACC in the liver and adipose tissues, indicating reduced fatty acid oxidation. Also, Bmp8a inhibits the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into mature adipocytes by activating the Smad2/3 signaling pathway, in which Smad2/3 binds to the central adipogenic factor PPARγ promoter to inhibit its transcription. In addition, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of Bmp8a in 3T3-L1 cells significantly increases NOD-like receptor, TNF, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, NF-κB interacts with PPARγ, blocking PPARγ’s activation of its target gene Fabp4, thereby inhibiting adipocyte differentiation. These data bring a signal bridge between immune regulation and adipocyte differentiation. Collectively, our findings indicate that Bmp8a plays a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism and adipogenesis, potentially providing a therapeutic approach for obesity and its comorbidities.
Underwater surveys reveal deep-sea corals in newly explored regions of the southwest Atlantic
Authors: Carvalho Nayara F. , Waters Linda G. , Arantes Renata C. M. , Couto Daniel M. , Cavalcanti Guarani H. , Güth Arthur Z. , Falcão Ana Paula C. , Nagata Paula D. , Hercos Cízia M. , Sasaki Dalton K. , Dottori Marcelo , Cordes Erik E. , Sumida Paulo Y. G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeep-sea coral distribution and composition are unknown in much of the global ocean, but repurposing ocean industry surveys can fill that gap. In Santos Basin, southeast Brazil, areas (241–963 m depth) were surveyed during seven Petrobras cruises, mapping bottom topography with multibeam sonar, then collecting video with remotely operated vehicles. Here, we defined deep-sea coral species distribution and richness, using these surveys, correlating them to physical oceanographic properties. Solenosmilia variabilis was the most prevalent colonial species in coral mounds. Overall, 67% of species were Octocorallia. Coral assemblage structure, abundance, and richness varied among sites both within and among depths, with higher density and richness in the northernmost Santos basin. Depth was the strongest predictor for scleractinian coral distribution, with depth ranges varying by species. Assemblage differences corresponded to changes in water mass. Desmophyllum pertusum was more abundant in South Atlantic Central Water and S. variabilis in Antarctic Intermediate Water influenced areas.
ONX0914 inhibition of immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy via restraining endothelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Wang Mengwen , Liu Yujian , Dai Lei , Zhong Xiaodan , Zhang Wenjun , Xie Yang , Zeng Hesong , Wang Hongjie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic metabolic disease with few effective therapeutic options. Immunoproteasome is an inducible proteasome that plays an important role in the regulation of many cardiovascular diseases, while its role in DCM remains under discussion. The present study aims to demonstrate whether inhibiting immunoproteasome subunit low molecular weight polypeptide 7 (LMP7) could alleviate DCM. Here, we established a type I diabetes mellitus mouse model by streptozotocin (STZ) in 8-week-old male wild-type C57BL/6J mice. We found that immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 was overexpressed in the heart of diabetic mice, while inhibiting LMP7 with pharmacological inhibitor ONX0914 significantly alleviated myocardial fibrosis and improved cardiac function. Besides, compared with diabetic mice, ONX0914 treatment reduced protein levels of mesenchymal markers (Vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, and SM22α) and increased endothelial markers (VE-cadherin and CD31). In TGFβ1 stimulated HUVECs, we also observed that ONX0914 could inhibit endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Mechanistically, we prove that ONX0914 could regulate autophagy activity both in vivo and vitro. Meanwhile, the protective effect of ONX0914 on TGFβ1 stimulated HUVECs could be abolished by 3-methyladenine (3MA) or hydroxychloroquine (CQ). All in all, our data highlight that inhibition of LMP7 with ONX0914 could ameliorate EndMT in diabetic mouse hearts at least in part via autophagy activation. Thus, LMP7 may be a potential therapeutic target for the DCM.
On‐chip all‐optical multicasting of mode‐division multiplexing QPSK signals
Authors: Chen Baobao , Zhao Yi , Tan Haoyang , Guan Xiaowei , Gao Shiming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe authors propose and experimentally demonstrate an on‐chip all‐optical multicasting (AOM) for 40 Gbit/s mode‐division‐multiplexed quadrature phase‐shift keying (MDM‐QPSK) signals based on a parallel dispersion‐engineered multimode non‐linear silicon waveguide. Five dual‐mode multicast wavelengths are successfully obtained on the generate idlers, and the power penalties of all the multicast channels are less than 1.1 dB at the bit error rate (BER) of 3.8 × 10−3. The dual‐mode AOM scheme has the potential to promote the ability of optical cross‐connect in practical hybrid multiplexed networks including MDM channels.
SaTransformer: Semantic‐aware transformer for breast cancer classification and segmentation
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Zhichao , Liu Hua , Xu Shiqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBreast cancer classification and segmentation play an important role in identifying and detecting benign and malignant breast lesions. However, segmentation and classification still face many challenges: 1) The characteristics of cancer itself, such as fuzzy edges, complex backgrounds, and significant changes in size, shape, and intensity distribution make accurate segment and classification challenges. 2) Existing methods ignore the potential relationship between classification and segmentation tasks, due to the classification and segmentation being treated as two separate tasks. To overcome these challenges, in this paper, a novel Semantic‐aware transformer (SaTransformer) for breast cancer classification and segmentation is proposed. Specifically, the SaTransformer enables doing the two takes simultaneously through one unified framework. Unlike existing well‐known methods, the segmentation and classification information are semantically interactive, reinforcing each other during feature representation learning and improving the ability of feature representation learning while consuming less memory and computational complexity. The SaTransformer is validated on two publicly available breast cancer datasets – BUSI and UDIAT. Experimental results and quantitative evaluations (accuracy: 97.97%, precision: 98.20%, DSC: 86.34%) demonstrate that the SaTransformer outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Cformer: An underwater image enhancement hybrid network combining convolution and transformer
Authors: Deng Ruhui , Zhao Lei , Li Heng , Liu Hui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderwater images are the most direct and effective ways to obtain underwater information. However, underwater images typically suffer from contrast reduction and colour distortion due to the absorption and scattering of water by light, which seriously limits the further development of underwater visual tasks. Recently, the convolutional neural network has been extensively applied in underwater image enhancement for its powerful local information extraction capabilities, but due to the locality of convolution operation, it cannot capture the global context well. Although the recently emerging Transformer can capture global context, it cannot model local correlations. Cformer is proposed, which is an Unet‐like hybrid network structure. First, a Depth Self‐Calibrated block is proposed to extract the local features of the image effectively. Second, a novel Cross‐Shaped Enhanced Window Transformer block is proposed. It captures long‐range pixel interactions while dramatically reducing the computational complexity of feature maps. Finally, the depth self‐calibrated block and the cross‐shaped enhanced window Transformer block are ingeniously fused to build a global–local Transformer module. Extensive ablation studies are performed on public underwater datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of individual components in the network. The qualitative and quantitative comparisons indicate that Cformer achieves superior performance compared to other competitive models.
Modular multilevel converter‐based voltage source converter high‐voltage direct current valve operating test circuit
Authors: Bae Chi‐Hwan , Kim Hak‐Soo , Nho Eui‐Cheol 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is very important to obtain high reliability in the high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) system operation because of extremely high and huge power capacity. To guarantee the reliability IEC‐62501 standard requires valve test for the voltage source converter (VSC) HVDC system. This paper proposes a test circuit for modular multilevel converter (MMC)‐based HVDC valve. The proposed scheme has good features of adequate test current generation, considerably reduced power supply voltage, simplified test circuit topology, etc., compared to the conventional test circuits. The validity of the proposed scheme is verified through experimental results.
Spatial variation of moisture content along the axial distance of corn at different superheated steam drying temperatures and various instantaneous times
Authors: Keter Charles Kiprono Sang , Kimwa Mercy Jepchirchir 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSuperheated steam acts as both a heat source and a drying medium. The study sought to predict the evolution of the moisture transport behaviour of the corn kernel at various axial distances at varying instantaneous time. The equations describing the drying phases were solved using numerical solutions with the Eulerian technique in ANSYS software. Cone geometry was used to simulate the corn kernel with initial moisture content at 20% w.b. Steam conditions were similar to what is encountered in industry, with temperatures ranging (from 120–200°C) at 1.5 m s−1 velocity. ANOVA was used to determine if there was difference between the conditions. The temporal change in moisture from the apex to the periphery varied at superheated steam temperatures 120, 160 and 200°C. At 10, 100 and 200 s the drying rate and effective moisture diffusivity of corn kernel from the centre towards the periphery differed. Post‐hoc analysis with Bonferroni adjustment revealed that moisture content (w.b.%) differed between 10 and 100 s, 10 and 200 s and 100 and 200 s. The mean difference was attributed to the drying being in the falling drying phase at 200 s and initial condensation at 10 s. Thus, at high superheated steam temperatures, dry zones can be seen as the axial distance from the apex increases toward the periphery.
Observational constraints on the origin of the elements
Authors: Eitner P. , Bergemann M. , Ruiter A. J. , Avril O. , Seitenzahl I. R. , Gent M. R. , Côté B. 
Published: August 2023

Aims. We constrain the role of different Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) channels in the chemical enrichment of the Galaxy by studying the abundances of nickel in Galactic stars. We investigated four different SN Ia sub-classes, including the classical single-degenerate near-Chandrasekhar mass (Mch) SN Ia, the fainter SN Iax systems associated with He accretion from the companion, as well as two sub-Chandrasekhar mass (sub-Mch) SN Ia channels. The latter include the double detonation of a white dwarf accreting helium-rich matter and violent white dwarf mergers.
Methods. The chemical abundances in Galactic stars were determined using Gaia eDR3 astrometry and photometry and high-resolution optical spectra. Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) models of Fe and Ni were used in the abundance analysis. We included new delay-time distributions arising from the different SN Ia channels in models of the Galactic chemical evolution, as well as recent yields for core-collapse supernovae and asymptotic giant branch stars. The data-model comparison was performed using a Markov chain Monte Carlo framework that allowed us to explore the entire parameter space allowed by the diversity of explosion mechanisms and the Galactic SN Ia rate, taking the uncertainties of the observed data into account.
Results. We show that NLTE effects have a non-negligible impact on the observed [Ni/Fe] ratios in the Galactic stars. The NLTE corrections to Ni abundances are not large, but strictly positive, lifting the [Ni/Fe] ratios by ∼ + 0.15 dex at [Fe/H] −2. We find that the distributions of [Ni/Fe] in LTE and in NLTE are very tight, with a scatter of ≲0.1 dex at all metallicities. This supports earlier work. In LTE, most stars have scaled solar Ni abundances, [Ni/Fe] ≈ 0, with a slight tendency for sub-solar [Ni/Fe] ratios at lower [Fe/H]. In NLTE, however, we find a mild anti-correlation between [Ni/Fe] and metallicity, and slightly elevated [Ni/Fe] ratios at [Fe/H] ≲ −1.0. The NLTE data can be explained by models of the Galactic chemical evolution that are calculated with a substantial fraction, ∼75%, of sub-Mch SN Ia.
Governance of Electronic Health Record Modification at U.S. Academic Medical Centers
Authors: Ravi Akshay , Arvisais-Anhalt Simone , Weia Benjamin , Khanna Raman , Adler-Milstein Julia , Auerbach Andrew 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives A key aspect of electronic health record (EHR) governance involves the approach to EHR modification. We report a descriptive study to characterize EHR governance at academic medical centers (AMCs) across the United States.
Methods We conducted interviews with the Chief Medical Information Officers of 18 AMCs about the process of EHR modification for standard requests. Recordings of the interviews were analyzed to identify categories within prespecified domains. Responses were then assigned to categories for each domain.
Results At our AMCs, EHR requests were governed variably, with a similar number of sites using quantitative scoring systems (7, 38.9%), qualitative systems (5, 27.8%), or no scoring system (6, 33.3%). Two (11%) organizations formally review all requests for their impact on health equity. Although 14 (78%) organizations have trained physician builders/architects, their primary role was not for EHR build. Most commonly reported governance challenges included request volume (11, 61%), integrating diverse clinician input (3, 17%), and stakeholder buy-in (3, 17%). The slowest step in the process was clarifying end user requests (14, 78%). Few leaders had identified metrics for the success of EHR governance.
Conclusion Governance approaches for managing EHR modification at AMCs are highly variable, which suggests ongoing efforts to balance EHR standardization and maintenance burden, while dealing with a high volume of requests. Developing metrics to capture the performance of governance and quantify problems may be a key step in identifying best practices.
DMSO arbitrated Oxidative Annulation Followed by Homologated N-Alkylation: Microwave-Assisted Efficient and Greener Approach to Access 3-(3-Oxo-3-arylpropyl) Quinazolinones
Authors: Babu Bathini Nagendra , Prasanthi A. V. G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA convenient, time efficient, tandem approach for the synthesis of medicinally privileged 3-(3-oxo-3-arylpropyl) quinazolinones is developed from ubiquitously available acetophenones and anthranilamide via microwave irradiation. This transition-metal-free reaction is initiated by the oxidative annulation of anthranilamide and in situ generation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds from aryl ketones in the presence of K2S2O8 and dimethyl sulfoxide. The latter acts as a source of two carbons [methine (=CH–) and methylene (–CH2–)] apart from being the solvent. The reaction is carried out under microwave irradiation which has the advantage of homogenous heat distribution, reducing the reaction time drastically compared to the conventional heating reaction.
Role of Aprotinin in Moderate and Severe Burns
Authors: Bhatnagar Prateek , Singh A. K. , Tarachand Tarachand 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe role of Aprotinin (Antagosan) in moderate and severe thermal burns has been studied. Patients were randomized in two groups; both receiving same treatment with the exception that patients in trial group received Aprotinin in addition. 2000,000 K.I.U. (Kallikrein inhibition units) Aprotinin was given I.V. stat, followed six hourly, for three days. Mortality was 27.08 percent in trial group and 47.9 percent in control group (p < 0.05). Aprotinin is believed to be helpful in reducing mortality in burns.
Immunogobulins and Thermal Burns Infections
Authors: Mehdiratta N. K. , Singh H. P. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryBurns patients have higher susceptibility to infections, causes of which are many fold. Leakage of immunoglobulins in blister fluid is one of them. The present work was undertaken to find out the relationship between the types of infections and the levels of various immunoglobulins in the sera of burn patients. Radial immunodiffusion technique of Mancini was utilized to measure the levels. It was observed that all types of infections produced rise in immunoglobulin levels. In mixed and Pseudomonas infections the rise of all major immunoglobulins was found statistically insignificant while in fungally invaded patients IgM levels were significantly raised but on excision of the invaded areas, IgM levels dropped to within normal range.
Extended Medial Gastrocnemius Myocutaneous Flap (A Case Report)
Authors: Saha Ila , Sinha P. , Banerjee A. K. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe extended gastrocnemius myocutaneous flap is a good technique for reconstruction of skin and soft tissue loss of the lower third leg defects. We have obtained satisfactory result in our case by using this flap.
The Dorso-Lateral Flap in Post Burn Flexion Contracture of Fingers
Authors: Singh A. K. , Kalra G. S. , Pandey S. D. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryVolar defects of the fingers can be resurfaced by a flap from the dorso-radial or dorso-ulnar aspect of the same finger. Its use following release of twenty-one post burn flexion contracture of the fingers in fifteen patients has been discussed.
Goldenhar's Syndrome (A Case Report)
Authors: Bhattacharya S. , Bhatnagar S. K. , Chandra R. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryGoldenhar's syndrome or occulo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia is characterized by the presence of abnormalities of the first and second branchial arches accompanied by apibulbar dermoids or lipodermoids and vertebral anomaties. Other associated congenital anomaties may be frequently present. A case of Goldenhar's syndrome with macrostomia, transverse facial cleft and telepes calcaneovalgus deformity is being presented.
Examining Chinese social sciences graduate students’ understanding of research ethics: implications for their research ethics education
Authors: Huang Jinyan , Wang Yuehan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUsing the research ethics scale (Huang et al., 2021) and follow-up interviews, this study examined Chinese social sciences graduate students’ understanding of research ethics of empirical studies involving human subjects. The participants included 463 Chinese graduate students majoring in teacher education, English education, management, and economics. The quantitative findings suggested that these graduate students had a fairly good understanding of researchers’ ethical responsibilities and developed general human subjects’ ethical awareness; furthermore, there existed significant research experience and gender-by-research experience interaction effects on their understanding of researchers’ ethical responsibilities and human subjects’ ethical awareness, respectively. The qualitative results indicated that the participants had realized the importance of ethics reviews for social sciences research including human subjects; and they identified best ways to promote research ethics education for social sciences graduate students in Chinese higher education. Implications for Chinese university leaders, program developers, and research methods professors are discussed.
Modeling the reuse intention and practices of secondhand clothing: evidence from a developing nation
Authors: Wu Mengling , Al Mamun Abdullah , Yang Qing , Masud Muhammad Mehedi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study explored the effect of perceived values on sustainability, problem awareness, the ascription of responsibility, sense of community, and anticipated guilt on reuse (sell and/or swap) intention of secondhand clothing through partial least squares structural equation modeling. This study adopted a cross-sectional design and collected quantitative data from 524 conveniently selected respondents in China through an online survey. The findings revealed that perceived values on sustainability, ascription of responsibility, sense of community, and anticipated guilt are the most important factors influencing reuse intention, whereas problem awareness is not a significant predictor. It has also been demonstrated that reuse intention promotes the development of reuse practices. Despite its large population, China is facing significant environmental challenges. The findings of this study may provide a viable option for the sustainable development of reusing secondhand clothing and also contribute to new knowledge on the factors that influence the reuse practices of secondhand clothing in China and even around the world.