bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon and silicon nanocages (C50 and Si50) as effective catalysts for CO2 reduction reaction
Authors: Li XiLan , Wang Jing , Wei XiaoLi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Here, the possible mechanisms for CO2 reduction reaction to produce the CO, CH4, HCOOH, HCHO and CH3OH species on surfaces of carbon and silicon nanocages (C50 and Si50) as catalysts are examined. The Ni adoption effects of C50 and Si50 nanocages on their catalytic activity for CO2 reduction reaction are investigated. The overpotential of CO2 reduction reaction on Ni-C50 and Ni-Si50 nanocages are lower than corresponding values on various metal catalysts, significantly. The rate limiting step for CH4 and CH3OH production is the nanocage-*CO → nanocage-*CHO on Ni-C50 and Ni-Si50 nanocages. The Ni-Si50 nanocage has more negative ΔGreaction values than Ni-C50 nanocage to process the possible reaction steps of CO2 reduction. The overpotential for CH4 and CH3OH production are lower than HCOOH and HCHO creation on Ni-C50 and Ni-Si50 nanocages. The Ni-C50 and Ni-Si50 nanocages can catalyze the processes of CO2 reduction reaction through possible mechanisms with high efficiency.
Detection and Mitigation of DDoS Attacks on SDN Controller in IoT Network using Gini Impurity
Authors: Singh Chandrapal , Jain Ankit Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks are a serious threat to businesses and individuals, and it is getting more prevalent. Moreover, the exponential growth of IoT devices and their interdependency makes the technology more vulnerable to DDoS attacks. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient Gini-Impurity based method for detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks. The proposed approach uses the Gini impurity technique as a metric on the Software Defined Network (SDN) controller in IoT network to measure the homogeneity of the network traffic. Gini impurity based method is efficient, fast, and requires less computing power. The approach also uses a classifier to filter the network traffic. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed approach using real-world network traffic datasets. The detection rate of the proposed approach varies between 98% and 100%. We compared the proposed approach with existing methods, and it detects DDoS attacks early with high accuracy and a low false-positive rate.
Temporal changes in spatial scale and autocorrelation structure of forest openings based on taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional turnover
Authors: Barfknecht David F. , Heikens Alice L. , Gibson David J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context During European settlement, Illinois grasslands were converted for agricultural purposes. Remaining natural areas in southern Illinois include natural xeric forest openings, with communities representative of remnant grasslands and adjacent hardwood forests. Previous research in these openings shows plant communities are driven by edaphic conditions.Objectives The first objective aimed to characterize spatial scale and autocorrelation structure of these openings based on climatic, environmental, and diversity variables. The second objective was to predict taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional turnover between 1988 and 2019, using climatic and environmental variables.Methods Surveys were conducted to calculate taxonomic diversity and phylogenetic and functional trait analyses were used to calculate phylogenetic and functional diversity. Spatially-explicit climatic and environmental variables were included from earlier surveys and data repositories. Global Moran’s I and spatial autocorrelograms were used to assess spatial structure of climatic, environmental, and diversity variables and generalized dissimilarity modeling was used to characterize taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional turnover based on environmental variables.Results Soil depth as the only environmental variable which exhibited significant global spatial autocorrelation. Climate variables and diversity metrics exhibited significant spatial structure during surveys. Generalized dissimilarity models showed that geographic distance between openings was the most influential driver of turnover across surveys.Conclusions Previous glacial events explained the spatial structure of soil depth across sites, due to Quaternary loess deposition in loess sites. High diversity values were clustered in the southeastern portions of the study area. Functional generalized dissimilarity models best predicted turnover in these openings compared to taxonomic and phylogenetic models.
Comprehensive Study of Thunderstorm Indices Threshold Favorable for Thunderstorms During Monsoon Season Using WRF-ARW Model and ERA5 Over India
Authors: Mondal Unashish , Kumar Anish , Panda Subrat Kumar , Sharma Devesh , Das Someshwar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the use of various thunderstorm indices in predicting severe thunderstorms events during the monsoon season in four different regions in India. The research evaluates the performance of the prediction model using a model skill score and utilizes the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with the double moment microphysics scheme to simulate model cases. It also compares fifteen thunderstorm indices derived from the ERA5 dataset to identify the most effective index for predicting severe thunderstorms events. The results of this study show that incorporating thunderstorm indices with model skill scores improves severe thunderstorms forecasting in the monsoon season in India. The result revealed that determining the optimal threshold for each index is crucial in achieving accurate predictions. The study also highlights the importance of considering multiple indices rather than relying on a single index to predict severe thunderstorms events. The advance indices such as Energy Helicity Index (EHI), Supercell Composite Parameter (SCP), mainly works well with extreme severe thunderstorms. The simplistic indices can predict the weak or severe thunderstorm easily. The use of multiple thunderstorm indices can also help meteorologists to make more accurate predictions, which can further enhance public safety. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of incorporating thunderstorm indices with model skill scores like HSS and TSS and combinations of different skill scores in severe thunderstorms forecasting during the monsoon season in India. Future research can build upon the findings of this study to develop more accurate and reliable severe weather forecasting models.
Reaming and cement spacer implantation for the treatment of bone infection after intramedullary nailing
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Wang Shulin , Jia Chao , Hou Chunli , Shen Jie , Xie Zhao , Lin Wei , Wang Guanglin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of reaming and cement spacer implantation for the treatment of bone infection after intramedullary nailing.
Methods
Retrospective analysis the patients with lower extremities infection after intramedullary nailing admitted to our hospital between February 2013 and April 2020. In the first stage, reaming and cement spacer implantation were performed and the defects were filled with antibiotic cement spacer. In the second stage, the patients were divided into repaired group and non-repaired group according to whether the bone defects were repaired or not. The infection control rate and complications of the two groups were compared.
Results
A total of 69 patients were admitted to this study, there were 37 tibias and 32 femurs. The average follow-up time was 38.82 months. After the first stage debridement surgery. There were 6 patients in repaired group, and 8 patients in non-repaired group recurrence of infection which need debridement again, the infection rate of repaired group was lower than that of non-repaired group, P = 0.038. Finally, the overall infection control rate was 97.1%, which was 100% in repaired group and 91.30% in non-repaired group, P = 0.108. The overall complication rate was 17.39%, and there was no significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion
The efficacy of reaming and cement spacer implantation for the treatment of bone infection after intramedullary nailing is satisfactory, but repeated debridement may be required to improve the infection control rate. The recurrence rate of infection was higher in patients who had not undergone bone defects repaired for a long time.
Implementation of Artificial Neural Network-Based Signal Conditioning Circuit for a Temperature Transducer
Authors: Paruchuri Srinivas , Pingali Avinash , Devineni Venkata Kanaka Durga Bhavani , Vailipalli Chinmai , Shaik Hafsa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Thermistors are widely used as temperature transducers due to their low cost, small dimensions, and high sensitivity. However, their nonlinear resistance-temperature characteristics make their use in temperature measurement and control applications challenging. This paper presents a new method to linearize thermistors using an op-amp-based astable multivibrator and an artificial neural network. The proposed technique involves obtaining frequency values corresponding to the resistance values of the thermistor using an op-amp-based astable multivibrator circuit. The nonlinear frequency data obtained is then used to train an ANN to obtain the best-fit linear curve. A signal conditioning circuit is then constructed that takes the read frequency value and matches it to its corresponding linearized value, which is displayed. The method offers several advantages over traditional techniques, including improved accuracy and reduced cost. Additionally, it can improve the accuracy of measuring temperature, and control applications by eliminating the nonlinearities associated with thermistors.
MPPT techniques for PV systems: A comprehensive review of current trends and recent advances in AI
Authors: Boubaker Olfa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Over the past decades, solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has been considered as the most valuable green energy. It is renowned for its sustainability, environmentally friendly nature and low maintenance costs. Several methods aiming to extract the highest photovoltaic energy are described in the vast literature. The aim of this review is to focus on current trends and the most recent advances in the field. A “Scopus” bibliographic survey is carried out around survey and research articles published over the past three years (2019–2022) according to a predefined selection methodology. Over the selected works, different taxonomies of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) approaches are identified. The list of associated possible performance criteria is also established and new trends in the field are well identified. This survey paper could be a useful reference for researchers and companies concerned by the sustainable development goals (GSD) for clean energy production and climate change.
Relative lack of diversity of microbes recovered on LB Miller agar medium
Authors: Ng Wenfa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Colour of microbial colonies is the first observational clue to microbial identity and type. Although unable to offer much use in microbial classification, diversity of pigmented coloured colonies or lack of on an agar plate still offers useful qualitative understanding of the ability of the medium in recovering diverse microbes from a sample. In general, presence of colonies of monolithic hue (yellow) on an agar plate suggests lack of microbial diversity on the agar plate. This work presents evidence suggesting that LB Miller medium could not usefully recover a diversity of microbes from tap and deionized water. Prior work in the literature has shown a large diversity of microbes able to form differentially coloured colonies on R2A plates from deionized water and tap water samples. Inability of LB Miller agar plates to recover colonies of more than one hue suggests that the medium is unable to recover a large diversity of microbes from environmental water samples. Overall, evidence presented in this work suggests that LB Miller medium is not suitable for use in profiling for microbial diversity in water samples.
Ritual revealed: psychotropic substances in a Ptolemaic Egyptian vase
Authors: Tanasi Davide , de Ruiter Branko van Oppen , Florian Fiorella , Pavlovic Radmila , Chiesa Luca , Fochi Igor , Stani Chiaramaria , Vaccari Lisa , Chaput Dale , Samorini Giorgio , Pallavicini Alberto , Gaetano Anastasia , Licen Sabina , Barbieri Pierluigi , Greco Enrico 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive multimodal analytical study of an Egyptian ritual Bes-vase, of the 2nd century BCE employing cutting-edge proteomics, metabolomics, genetics techniques, and synchrotron radiation-based Fourier Transformed Infrared microSpectroscopy (SR µ-FTIR) to characterize organic residues of its content. We successfully identified the presence of various nutraceutical, psychotropic, medicinal, and biological substances, shedding light on the diverse components of a liquid concoction used for ritual practices in Ptolemaic Egypt. Using LC-MS/MS with a new methodological approach, we identified key proteins and metabolites, enabling the identification of botanical sources, confirmed by genetic sequences. Our analyses revealed traces of Peganum harmala, Nimphaea nouchali var. caerulea, and a plant of the Cleome genus, all of which are traditionally proven to have psychotropic and medicinal properties. Additionally, the identification of human fluids suggests their direct involvement in these rituals. Furthermore, metabolomics and SR μ-FTIR analyses also revealed the presence of fermented fruit-based liquid and other ingredients such as honey or royal jelly. The identification of specific chemical compounds, such as alkaloids and flavonoids, provides insight into the psychoactive and therapeutic uses of these in ancient ritual practices. This multidisciplinary study highlights the complexity of ancient cultures and their interactions with psychoactive, medicinal, and nutraceutical substances. These findings contribute to our understanding of ancient belief systems, cultural practices, and the utilization of natural resources, ultimately enhancing our knowledge of past societies and their connection to the natural world.
Green synthesis of mesoporous 2D Mn2O3/rGO nanocomposite for effective removal of methyl orange
Authors: Al-Bagawi Amal H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Green synthesis of di-manganese trioxide mesoporous structure (super nano porous) sheets (Mn2O3-rGO-NS), Graphene oxide nano sheets (GO) and Mn2O3-rGO-NS nano sheets composite (Mn2O3-rGO-NS) were prepared via Thermal decomposition, seconds timescale water electrolytic oxidation and sonication method respectively. The prepared samples were characterized via X-ray diffraction, FESEM, TEM , and FTIR. Average crystallite size was found about 38 and 26 nm for Mn2O3-NS and Mn2O3-rGO-NS, respectively. Mn2O3-rGO–NPs morphology reveal nano porous sheets within average 35 nm and 26 nm in pores diameter and thickness respectively. Mn2O3-NS act distributed on and between graphene sheets creating macro and nano pores. The obtained results showed that the characteristics of the α-Mn2O3-rGO-NS sheets were improved by the addition of rGO sheets. Methyl orange (MO) dye adsorption onto Mn2O3-rGO-NS composite was investigated at various adsorption parameters, including pH, adsorbent quantity, and time. It was discovered that the adsorption behavior complies with the intra-particle diffusion model and the Friedendlich isotherm. Methyl orange in aqueous media may be eliminated 99.3% by Mn2O3-rGO-NS composite.
Os brinquedos como patrimônio cultural
Authors: Ribeiro de Souza Silva Raquel , De Menezes Tavares Adriana 
Published: May 2023

O conceito de museu está em constante evolução no Brasil e no mundo, acompanhando as transformações sociais e colocando em evidência os elementos culturais de cada sociedade, proporcionando, desse modo, oportunidades de vivências que conciliam atividades educativas, turísticas e de lazer. Dentre as inúmeras tipologias existentes, os museus cuja temática são os brinquedos apresentam exposições nas quais objetos atemporais e presentes em diferentes culturas conseguem expressar de maneira simbólica especificidades que indiretamente caracterizam e espelham as sociedades nas quais estão inseridos. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a valorização do brinquedo como um saber-fazer das sociedades, e, portanto, como um patrimônio cultural. Para isso, utiliza-se como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de caso para apresentar o conceito contemporâneo de patrimônio e efetuar comparação entre as atividades desenvolvidas em museus do brinquedo localizados no Brasil (IFRN - Natal) e em Portugal (Ponte de Lima). Observou-se que em ambos os museus as atividades propostas valorizam uma “memória do brincar”, sendo que a principal distinção entre eles é o público alvo, enquanto o Museu do IFRN recebe majoritariamente escolares, o Museu do Brinquedo Português recebe mais turistas. Ambos atuam como disseminadores de cultura. Contudo, conclui-se que ainda se faz necessário ampliar o debate sobre a importância do brincar e do brinquedo como um saber-fazer inserido no contexto da comunidade.

Palavras chave: Brinquedo, Museu do Brinquedo, Museu Temático, Patrimônio Cultural.
Insights into Pharmacological Potential of Apigenin through Various Pathways on a Nanoplatform in Multitude of Diseases
Authors: Waheed Ayesha , Zameer Saima , Ashrafi Kudsiya , Ali Asad , Sultana Niha , Aqil Mohd , Sultana Yasmin , Iqbal Zeenat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Apigenin is a natural polyphenolic compound widely distributed as a glycoside in fruits and vegetables.
Apigenin belongs to BCS class II with low solubility, which leads to poor absorption and bioavailability.
It is mostly absorbed from the small intestine and extensively metabolized through glucuronidation and sulfation
processes. Apigenin is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also used as a chemopreventive
drug in the management of various cancers. Pharmacological effects of apigenin have a wide
range, from neuroprotective to treating renal disorders. Apigenin is non-toxic in nature and acts through various
pathways (JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB) to exert its therapeutic efficacy.
Numerous formulations have been researched to enhance the bioavailability and pharmacological effects of apigenin.
Combinatorial therapies are also researched to minimize the side-effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The
review presents pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of apigenin. Apigenin is safe for the treatment
and management of numerous diseases. It can be easily incorporated into nanoformulation alone or in combination
with other active ingredients to widen the therapeutic window. This review intends to help in drug optimization
and therapeutic efficacy maximization for future studies.
Comprehensive Analysis of Diabetes Mellitus-related Gene Expression and
Associated Prognoses in Human Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Jincheng , Li Ning , Lin Weilong , Deng Ming , Shi Liming , An Yu , Yang Juan , Zhou Chengcheng , Tong Qin , Yang Wenjing 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem worldwide. Cancer
is the second most common cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of death in China.
There is compelling evidence that individual risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is strongly
influenced by genetic factors. DM and cancer may interact with one another; some kinds of cancer
accompany DM, and DM can also promote cancer.

Methods:
An analysis was conducted of diabetes mellitus-related gene (DM-gene) expression levels in
tumor and normal tissues, clinical parameters, tumor stages, mutations, copy number variations
(CNVs), immune cell infiltration, survival, gene enrichment, and gene ontology annotations.

Results:
This analysis revealed six genes that appear to play key roles in lung cancer survival: MTMR3
(in lung adenocarcinoma [LUAD]) and COBLL1, PPARG, PPIP5K2, RREB1, and WFS1 (in lung
squamous cell carcinoma [LUSC]).

Conclusion:
The results suggested that clinical practitioners and researchers should account for
PPARG and RREB1 expression when selecting or testing chemotherapy drugs.
Bioactive Natural Products for Breast Cancer Chemoprevention and
Treatment
Authors: Mokashi Asma A. , Bhatia Neela M. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In addition to being one of the deadliest tumors, breast cancer is also one of the most difficult to cure. Due to the serious side effects of current breast cancer treatments and the rise in drug resistance, current drugs are losing their effectiveness.

Potential Natural Bioactives:
Bioactive natural compounds target various pathophysiological
pathways involved in the development and progression of cancer and hence have the ability to prevent
both the growth of breast cancer and the advancement of metastatic disease concurrently.

:
Natural anticancer compounds have been shown to be effective, complementary treatment may be
of great assistance in this case.

Clinical Outcomes:
Nutraceuticals and popular folk remedies may provide benefits over manufactured pharmaceuticals since they have fewer side effects and less toxicity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. A variety of natural compounds have been shown to reduce the aggressiveness of breast cancer, inhibit the growth of malignant cells, and alter the pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Either by directly affecting certain biological targets, such genes, or by indirectly stabilising conjugates that have an impact on metabolic processes, natural compounds called phytochemicals can enhance human health.

Mechanistic Pathways:
There are many promising bioactive natural products that can be used to treat breast cancer, including those that inhibit aromatase activity, target HIF-1 signaling, inhibit cytoplasmic signaling, modulate epigenetic regulation, modulate estrogen signaling pathways, or work in chemosensitivity/adjuvant therapy (such as resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and eugenol).
A Unified Probabilistic Framework for Modeling and Inferring Spatial
Transcriptomic Data
Authors: Huang Zhiwei , Luo Songhao , Zhang Zhenquan , Wang Zihao , Zhou Tianshou , Zhang Jiajun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Spatial transcriptomics (ST) can provide vital insights into tissue function with the spatial organization
of cell types. However, most technologies have limited spatial resolution, i.e., each measured
location contains a mixture of cells, which only quantify the average expression level across many cells
in the location. Recently developed algorithms show the promise to overcome these challenges by integrating
single-cell and spatial data. In this review, we summarize spatial transcriptomic technologies
and efforts at cell-type deconvolution. Importantly, we propose a unified probabilistic framework, integrating
the details of the ST data generation process and the gene expression process simultaneously for
modeling and inferring spatial transcriptomic data.