bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart Rate Variability in Adults With Substance Use Disorder: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Authors: Moon Seol Ju Esther , Schlenk Elizabeth A. , Lee Heeyoung 
Published: March 2023

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is an indicator of autonomic abnormalities. However, little is known about the role of HRV related to substance use behavior and the association between the changes in HRV and signs of relapse in substance use. Aim: The purpose of this study was to review the existing literature on autonomic response to substance use (i.e., opioids, cocaine, and methamphetamine) measured by HRV and its outcomes related to the risk factors of relapse. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted using PubMed, PsychINFO, and Ovid Medline databases. The study includes full-text articles published in English from 2010 to 2020, using measures of HRV in human subjects who use substances. Results: A total of 14 studies were reviewed. Studies included outpatients with a prescription or nonprescription opioid misuse behavior with a primary diagnosis being chronic pain or substance use disorder (SUD). Significantly decreased resting HRV was found in substance users compared to healthy controls. Lower resting HRV has been significantly associated with stress, craving, and greater symptom severities in individuals with SUD and other substance dependence. HRV indices can be potential measures of homeostatic imbalance and self-regulation flexibility. Conclusion: HRV may be a useful tool for monitoring early indication of relapse so that relapse prevention measures can be implemented in a timely manner. Future studies in substance use may benefit from examining HRV in relations to substance use and relapse signs and symptoms in a larger population to guide future relapse prevention strategies.
Evaluating Occupant Light Exposure and Usage Patterns in an Inpatient Behavioral Health Unit
Authors: Banasiak Meredith , Wilkerson Andrea , Safranek Sarah 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To (1) evaluate the use case for tunable lighting in inpatient behavioral health, (2) describe differences in staff lighting exposures between static and tunable lighting conditions using wearable sensors, and (3) document occupant lighting control usage patterns. Background: Tunable lighting fixtures can vary the amount of light and spectral content, so have been offered as a way to address light and health considerations. Before we can understand potential health benefits of tunable lighting, it is helpful to understand how occupant exposures under tunable lighting differ from those under more traditional lighting systems. Methods: Tunable lighting benefits and challenges for inpatient behavioral health were carefully detailed during design. Light exposure measurements were recorded at an old site with static fluorescent lighting and a new site with tunable light-emitting diode (LED) lighting. Behavioral health inpatient unit staff participants voluntarily wore a light measurement device to estimate light exposure. At the new site, controls usage data were recorded each time a button was pressed on a lighting control station. Results: While general observations can be made about the data between sites, there is notable variation at both sites depending on the day and hour. Button press data revealed that occupants used the full capability of the tunable lighting system to support different activities and needs. Conclusion: Understanding the relationship between occupant well-being and light requires a holistic research approach including thoughtful design accounting for real-world constraints, detailed measurement of light exposure, and understanding how occupants interact and make use of new technology.
Association Between the Medial-Lateral Quadriceps and Hamstring Muscle Thickness and the Knee Kinematics and Kinetics During Single-Leg Landing
Authors: Jeong Jiyoung , Choi Dai-Hyuk , Shin Choongsoo S. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Muscle thickness can influence the joint kinematics and/or kinetics during dynamic activities. The relationship between the muscle thickness of individual quadriceps and hamstrings or medial-to-lateral thigh muscle thickness ratio and the knee kinematics/kinetics with respect to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk remains unclear. Hypothesis: Higher medial-to-lateral thigh muscle thickness ratio would be associated with lower knee valgus angle/moment and lower tibial internal rotation angle/moment during single-leg landing. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF), and semitendinosus (ST) of 30 healthy participants (16 males and 14 females) were measured using ultrasound. Knee joint kinematics and kinetics during single-leg landing were obtained. Stepwise multiple regression analysis, a follow-up Fisher’s r to z test to examine the sex as a moderator, and independent t tests to evaluate sex difference were performed. Results: Both knee valgus moment ( R2 = 0.466, P < 0.001) and tibial external rotation moment ( R2 = 0.330, P < 0.001) at peak anterior tibial shear force during single-leg landing were negatively correlated with medial-to-lateral (ie, (VM+ST):(VL+BF)) thickness ratio regardless of sex, whereas medial-to-lateral thigh muscle thickness ratio was not correlated with knee valgus and tibial external rotation angles. Male participants exhibited higher (VM+ST):(VL+BF) thickness ratio than female participants ( P = 0.005), and lower knee valgus moment ( P = 0.04) and tibial external rotation moment ( P = 0.05), as well. Conclusion: The knee joint moments in frontal and transverse planes during single-leg landing were associated with the medial-to-lateral thigh muscle thickness ratio; thus, the medial-lateral thigh muscle thickness could be a potential contributor to frontal and transverse plane knee joint loading during dynamic movement. Clinical Relevance: Strength training that aims to selectively strengthen the medial/lateral thigh muscles might be considered in a new ACL injury prevention training program to alter the biomechanical parameters associated with ACL injuries.
Mandible Fractures Undergoing Transfer Rarely Require Acute Intervention
Authors: McIntire Damon R.T. , Spake Carole S.L. , Jehle Charles C. , Basta Marten N. , Crozier Joseph W. , Woo Albert S. 
Published: March 2023

Study Design A retrospective review was conducted of all patients with mandibular fractures who were evaluated by plastic surgery at a Level I trauma center between January 1, 2017 and May 1, 2020. Data including demographic characteristics, mechanism of injury, type of presentation (e.g., primary or transfer), treatment plan, and time to intervention were recorded. Objective Mandibular fractures are common traumatic injuries. Because these injuries are managed by surgical specialists, these patients are often emergently transferred to tertiary care hospitals. This study aims to assess the benefits of emergent transfer in this patient group. Methods Variables were summarized using descriptive statistics. The relationship with initial disposition was assessed via tests of association, including Student’s t-test, Fisher’s exact test, or chi-square tests. Significance was set to p values less than 0.05. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to determine predictors of presentation to outside hospital followed by transfer to our institution. Results Records from 406 patients with isolated mandibular fractures were evaluated. 145 (36%) were transferred from an outside hospital specifically for specialty evaluation. One patient required intervention in the Emergency Department (ED). Of the 145 patients that were transferred to our facility, eight (5.5%) were admitted for operative management. Patients with open injuries and pediatric patients showed benefit from transfer. Conclusions Patients are frequently transferred to tertiary care facilities for specialty service evaluation and treatment. However, when isolated mandible fractures were evaluated, only one patient required intervention in the ED. Patients with grossly open fractures and pediatric patients were more frequently admitted specifically for operative management. This practice of acute interfacility transfer represents an unnecessary cost to our health system as isolated mandible fractures can be managed on an outpatient basis. We suggest that pediatric patients and patients with open fractures be transferred for urgent evaluation and management, whereas most patients would be appropriate for outpatient evaluation.
Morphological Changes in the Tibial Tunnel After ACL Reconstruction With the Outside-In Technique and Adjustable Suspensory Fixation
Authors: Okutan Ahmet Emin , Gürün Enes , Surucu Serkan , Kehribar Lokman , Mahiroğulları Mahir 
Published: March 2023

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using the complete tibial tunnel technique and adjustable-loop cortical suspensory fixation is known to leave a “dead space” that holds the loop device in the tibial tunnel. The consequence of the dead space and its effect on graft healing are still uncertain. Purpose: To investigate morphological changes in the tibial tunnel and their effect on graft healing, and to identify factors affecting bone healing in the tibial loop tunnel after ACLR with a quadrupled semitendinosus tendon autograft using adjustable suspensory fixation. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Included were 48 patients (34 male, 14 female; mean age, 25.2 ± 5.6 years) who underwent ACLR with a quadrupled semitendinosus tendon autograft using adjustable suspensory fixation. To evaluate tibial tunnel morphology, computed tomography was performed at 1 day and 6 months postoperatively. At 1 year postoperatively, graft healing was assessed on magnetic resonance imaging using the graft signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ). Multivariate regression and correlation analyses were performed to determine any associations between volumetric changes in bone healing and operative variables. Results: At 6 months after ACLR, a mean of 63.2% of the tibial loop tunnel was filled by bone. Multivariate regression analysis showed that remnant preservation was significantly associated with the loop tunnel filling rate ( P < .001). At 1 year after ACLR, the tibial loop tunnel was almost completely closed (98.5%). There were no correlations between loop tunnel volume and graft integration or graft SNQ. A significant but weak correlation was found between graft tunnel volume and intratunnel graft SNQ ( P = .10) as well as integration grade in the tibial tunnel ( P = .30). Conclusion: Excellent bone filling in the tibial loop tunnel was seen at 1 year after ACLR. Remnant preservation was significantly associated with the loop tunnel filling rate. A weak correlation was found between graft tunnel volume and intratunnel graft SNQ as well as integration grade in the tibial tunnel.
BMP7 ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration in type 1 diabetic rats by inhibiting pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells and NLRP3 inflammasome activity
Authors: Yu Xiao-Jun , Wang Ying-Guang , Lu Rui , Guo Xin-Zhen , Qu Yun-Kun , Wang Shan-Xi , Xu Hao-Ran , Kang Hao , You Hong-Bo , Xu Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence indicates that intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), while the underlying mechanisms still remain elusive. Herein, the current study sought to explore the potential molecular mechanism of IDD in diabetic rats based on transcriptome sequencing data.

Methods
Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) rats were used to obtain the nucleus pulposus tissues for transcriptome sequencing. Next, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in transcriptome sequencing data and GSE34000 microarray dataset were obtained and intersected to acquire the candidate genes. Moreover, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to analyze the cellular functions and molecular signaling pathways primarily regulated by candidate DEGs.

Results
A total of 35 key genes involved in IDD of T1DM rats were mainly enriched in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytokine adhesion binding-related pathways. NLRP3 inflammasome activation promoted the pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Besides, BMP7 could affect the IDD of T1DM rats by regulating the inflammatory responses. Additionally, NPCs were isolated from STZ-induced T1DM rats to illustrate the effects of BMP7 on IDD of T1DM rats using the ectopic expression method. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments validated that BMP7 alleviated IDD of T1DM rats by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis of NPCs.

Conclusion
Collectively, our findings provided novel mechanistic insights for understanding of the role of BMP7 in IDD of T1DM, and further highlighted BMP7 as a potential therapeutic target for preventing IDD in T1DM.
Influence of Exosomes on Astrocytes in the Pre-Metastatic Niche of Lung Cancer Brain Metastases
Authors: Ye Lingyun , Wu Yinfei , Zhou Juan , Xie Mengqing , Zhang Zhemin , Su Chunxia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death globally. There are several reasons for this high mortality rate, including metastasis to multiple organs, especially the brain. Exosomes play a pivotal role in tumor metastasis by remodeling the microenvironment of remote target organs and promoting the pre-metastatic niche’s formation. Since astrocytes are indispensable for maintaining the homeostasis of brain microenvironment, it’s of great interest to explore the influence of lung cancer cell-derived exosomes on astrocytes to further understand the mechanism of lung cancer brain metastasis.

Results
Twenty four h after co-culture of H1299 cell-derived exosomes and SVG P12 cells, the viability of astrocytes decreased and the apoptosis increased. The levels of cytokines in the supernatant including GROα/CXCL1, IFN-γ, IL-3, IL-5, IL-15, LIF, M-CSF, NGF, PDGF, and VEGF were significantly enhanced, while IL-7 secretion was significantly reduced. Meanwhile, apoptosis-related proteins MAP2K1, TUBA1C, RELA, and CASP6 were up-regulated. And the differentially expressed proteins were involved in regulating metabolic pathways.

Conclusion
Exosomes of H1299 could induce apoptosis of astrocytes as well as promote their secretion of cytokines that were conducive to the formation of the inflammatory microenvironment and immunosuppressive microenvironment, and affect their metabolic pathways, thus facilitating the formation of pre-metastatic niche in lung cancer brain metastases.
Gene expression variability across cells and species shapes the relationship between renal resident macrophages and infiltrated macrophages
Authors: Ji Xiangjun , Cai Junwei , Liang Lixin , Shi Tieliu , Liu Jinghua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Two main subclasses of macrophages are found in almost all solid tissues: embryo-derived resident tissue macrophages and bone marrow-derived infiltrated macrophages. These macrophage subtypes show transcriptional and functional divergence, and the programs that have shaped the evolution of renal macrophages and related signaling pathways remain poorly understood. To clarify these processes, we performed data analysis based on single-cell transcriptional profiling of renal tissue-resident and infiltrated macrophages in human, mouse and rat.

Results
In this study, we (i) characterized the transcriptional divergence among species and (ii) illustrated variability in expression among cells of each subtype and (iii) compared the gene regulation network and (iv) ligand-receptor pairs in human and mouse. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we mapped the promoter architecture during homeostasis.

Conclusions
Transcriptionally divergent genes, such as the differentially TF-encoding genes expressed in resident and infiltrated macrophages across the three species, vary among cells and include distinct promoter structures. The gene regulatory network in infiltrated macrophages shows comparatively better species-wide consistency than resident macrophages. The conserved transcriptional gene regulatory network in infiltrated macrophages among species is uniquely enriched in pathways related to kinases, and TFs associated with largely conserved regulons among species are uniquely enriched in kinase-related pathways.
Identification of alternative splicing events related to fatty liver formation in duck using full-length transcripts
Authors: Wang Yiming , Song Linfei , Ning Mengfei , Hu Jiaxiang , Cai Han , Song Weitao , Gong Daoqing , Liu Long , Smith Jacqueline , Li Huifang , Huang Yinhua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of most common diseases in the world. Recently, alternative splicing (AS) has been reported to play a key role in NAFLD processes in mammals. Ducks can quickly form fatty liver similar to human NAFLD after overfeeding and restore to normal liver in a short time, suggesting that ducks are an excellent model to unravel molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism for NAFLD. However, how alternative splicing events (ASEs) affect the fatty liver process in ducks is still unclear.

Results
Here we identify 126,277 unique transcripts in liver tissue from an overfed duck (77,237 total transcripts) and its sibling control (69,618 total transcripts). We combined these full-length transcripts with Illumina RNA-seq data from five pairs of overfed ducks and control individuals. Full-length transcript sequencing provided us with structural information of transcripts and Illumina RNA-seq data reveals the expressional profile of each transcript. We found, among these unique transcripts, 30,618 were lncRNAs and 1,744 transcripts including 155 lncRNAs and 1,589 coding transcripts showed significantly differential expression in liver tissues between overfed ducks and control individuals. We also detected 27,317 ASEs and 142 of them showed significant relative abundance changes in ducks under different feeding conditions. Full-length transcript profiles together with Illumina RNA-seq data demonstrated that 10 genes involving in lipid metabolism had ASEs with significantly differential abundance in normally fed (control) and overfed ducks. Among these genes, protein products of five genes (CYP4F22, BTN, GSTA2, ADH5, and DHRS2 genes) were changed by ASEs.

Conclusions
This study presents an example of how to identify ASEs related to important biological processes, such as fatty liver formation, using full-length transcripts alongside Illumina RNA-seq data. Based on these data, we screened out ASEs of lipid-metabolism related genes which might respond to overfeeding. Our future ability to explore the function of genes showing AS differences between overfed ducks and their sibling controls, using genetic manipulations and co-evolutionary studies, will certainly extend our knowledge of genes related to the non-pathogenic fatty liver process.
Exploring data reduction strategies in the analysis of continuous pressure imaging technology
Authors: Peng Mingkai , Southern Danielle A. , Ocampo Wrechelle , Kaufman Jaime , Hogan David B. , Conly John , Baylis Barry W. , Stelfox Henry T. , Ho Chester , Ghali William A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Science is becoming increasingly data intensive as digital innovations bring new capacity for continuous data generation and storage. This progress also brings challenges, as many scientific initiatives are challenged by the shear volumes of data produced. Here we present a case study of a data intensive randomized clinical trial assessing the utility of continuous pressure imaging (CPI) for reducing pressure injuries.

Objective
To explore an approach to reducing the amount of CPI data required for analyses to a manageable size without loss of critical information using a nested subset of pressure data.

Methods
Data from four enrolled study participants excluded from the analytical phase of the study were used to develop an approach to data reduction. A two-step data strategy was used. First, raw data were sampled at different frequencies (5, 30, 60, 120, and 240 s) to identify optimal measurement frequency. Second, similarity between adjacent frames was evaluated using correlation coefficients to identify position changes of enrolled study participants. Data strategy performance was evaluated through visual inspection using heat maps and time series plots.

Results
A sampling frequency of every 60 s provided reasonable representation of changes in interface pressure over time. This approach translated to using only 1.7% of the collected data in analyses. In the second step it was found that 160 frames within 24 h represented the pressure states of study participants. In total, only 480 frames from the 72 h of collected data would be needed for analyses without loss of information. Only ~ 0.2% of the raw data collected would be required for assessment of the primary trial outcome.

Conclusions
Data reduction is an important component of big data analytics. Our two-step strategy markedly reduced the amount of data required for analyses without loss of information. This data reduction strategy, if validated, could be used in other CPI and other settings where large amounts of both temporal and spatial data must be analysed.
Idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension in a patient with Talaromyces marneffei infection: a case report
Authors: Ye Xiuling , Quan Xin , Guo Xu , Wang Zhidong , Wu Hao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The etiopathogenesis of idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (INCPH) is so far poorly understood. Altered immunity, blood diseases, infections, congenital defects and drug exposure have been documented in a part of patients with INCPH owing to increased recognition of the disorder in patients with HIV, or various haematological disorders or autoimmune diseases. We aim to discuss the possible etiopathogenesis of INCPH.

Case presentation
We reported that a patient with intestinal infection of T. Marneffei and hyper-IgE syndrome, a group of rare primary immunodeficiency disorders, was finally diagnosed with INCPH for gastroesophageal variceal bleeding. The diagnosis was mainly based on histopathological features. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was performed and there was no recurrence of melena during the six-month follow-up.

Conclusion
In the context of immunodeficiency, INCPH may associated with intestinal infections. Thus, screening for enterogenic infection and immunological disorders in patients with unexplained portal hypertension is necessary.