bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of the climate variability effects on sediment production in a river basin using the Erosion Potential Method model integrated with climate models
Authors: Bueno Lucas Olegário , Bolleli Talyson de Melo , Mauad Frederico Fábio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Integrated modeling systems are used to identify the effects of climate variability on future sediment production, assisting in watershed management. In this study, an integrated modeling system composed of erosion and climatological models was used to evaluate the effects of climate variability on sediment production in the Itaqueri river basin, state of São Paulo (Brazil). For this, we used climate data generated by the ETA-MIROC5 and ETA-HadGEM2-ES models for future estimation of sediment production using the Erosion Potential Method (EPM) model under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5. The Itaqueri river basin presented an average annual production of sediments equivalent to 9.41 Mg. ha-¹. year-¹, which considering the total area of ​​the basin is equivalent to 208,467 Mg. year-¹. Considering the sediment retention rate, the actual sediment loss in the current scenario (2019) was 22,306 Mg. year-¹. Regarding the effects of the variability of climatic elements, in the medium term (2070) the average annual production of sediments in the basin may increase by up to 61.8% (RCP 4.5) and 30.5% (RCP 8.5). In this same period, the actual loss of sediments could reach 36,076 Mg. year-¹ and contribute to the silting and reduction of the useful life of the Lobo reservoir. The EPM model proved to be effective in identifying areas with the highest production of sediments and, in an integrated manner with climate models, it can help in a preliminary and preventive way in identifying the effects of climate variability. However, uncertainties related to the adoption of climate elements are regularly included as part of the risk in water resources management.
Heterologous Expression, Characterization, and Fish Matrix Performance of a Shark-Derived Single-Domain Antibody Fusion Protein against Enrofloxacin
Authors: jia chengyu , Liu Chang , Lin Hong , Cao Limin , Wang Kaiqiang , Sui Jianxin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The abuse of enrofloxacin (ENR) in aquaculture and the lack of monitoring of other metabolites may lead to unknown harmful effects on human health. In this study, a shark-derived single-domain antibody fusion protein 2E6-SUMO, which was specific to ENR, was heterologously expressed. The indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) using 2E6-SUMO as the recognition element was established to detect ENR in fish samples. The results showed that the 2E6-SUMO fusion protein has good thermal performance compared to traditional IgG antibodies. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2E6-SUMO to ENR was determined as 42.08 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 3.84 ng/mL and a linear range (IC20 − 80) of 9.94–376.17 ng/mL, respectively. In our experiments, the ENR-negative fish matrix did not seriously interfere with the recognition of the 2E6-SUMO to ENR, with the matrix index between 3.31% and 6.85%. The recovery experiment indicated that the recovery rates of spiked samples ranged between 83.33% and 123.06%. Our study broadens the application scenario of shark-derived single-domain antibodies, providing new immunoassay method for detecting ENR.
Enhancing Child Dietary Diversity through Cooking Demonstration and Nutritional Education in rural Lao PDR
Authors: SATO YU , Khamphithoun Somboun , Saiyachak Khamphanavanh , Ando Hisao , Ishizuka Takaaki , Saeki Shinjiro , Miyoshi Miki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Efforts to prevent malnutrition in children under five are crucial for both short-term and long-term impact, especially in resource-constrained low- and middle-income countries where ensuring minimal food diversity remains an urgent challenge. Our organization implemented initiatives to improve dietary diversity among children under five in rural areas of Laos.
Methods: We conducted educational and awareness-raising activities targeting caregivers of children under five, as well as healthcare workers and educated community volunteers, in selected regions of Xaybouathong District, Khammouane Province. We conducted surveys at baseline and endline, using the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) through a 24-hour recall method to compare the food diversity of all children under five residing in the intervention area.
Results: By comparing 232 children at baseline and 225 children at endline, we observed a significant increase in IDDS among children aged 6 to 23 months (from 3.36 to 4.22) and children aged 24 to 59 months (from 3.29 to 3.83). Evaluation of food groups showed significant increases in the consumption of miscellaneous vegetables and fruits, eggs, legumes and nuts, and breastfeeding.
Conclusion: Identifying locally available foods and those contributing to improved dietary diversity and ensuring access to information promoting their dietary diversity is crucial for securing minimal dietary diversity.
Short-term clinical results of bicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty using functional alignment
Authors: Inui Hiroshi , Yamagami Ryota , Kono Kenichi , Kawaguchi Kohei , Kage Tomofumi , Murakami Ryo , Nakamura Haruhiko , Saita Kazuo , Taketomi Shuji , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Bicruciate-retaining (BCR) prosthesis has been introduced to recreate normal knee movement by preserving both the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. However, the use of BCR total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still debatable because of several disappointing reports. We have been performing BCR TKAs with functional alignment (FA). This study aimed to reveal the limb alignment and soft tissue balance of FA-BCR TKAs and compare the clinical outcomes of FA-BCR TKAs with those of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).
Methods
This study evaluated the joint component gap of BCR TKA intraoperatively and measured the postoperative hip–knee–ankle (HKA) angle, medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), and lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) using full-length standing radiography. The short-term clinical outcomes of BCR TKAs were compared with those of UKA at an average of 2 years postoperatively (1-4yeras).
Results
The coronal alignment values of FA-BCR TKA were as follows: HKA angle, 177.9° ± 2.3°; MTPA, 85.4° ± 1.9°; and LDFA, 87.5° ± 1.9°. The joint component gaps at flexion angles of 10°, 30°, 60°, and 90° were 11.1 ± 1.2, 10.9 ± 1.4, 10.7 ± 1.3, and 11.2 ± 1.4 mm for the medial compartment and 12.9 ± 1.5, 12.6 ± 1.8, 12.5 ± 1.8 and 12.5 ± 1.7 mm for the lateral compartment, respectively. The patient expectation score and maximum extension angle of FA-BCR TKA were significantly better than those of UKAs.
Conclusions
The short-term clinical outcomes of FA-BCR TKA were comparable or a slightly superior to those of UKAs.
Down’s syndrome (DS) in France: a nationwide observational study on prevalence &lt;65 years, mortality, comorbidities, and healthcare use in 2019 relative to non-DS individuals
Authors: Tuppin Philippe , Barthelemy Pauline , Debeugny Gonzague , Rachas Antoine 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: We investigated the mortality, social deprivation, comorbid conditions and healthcare use of Individual with Down’s syndrome (IDS) relative to the non-IDS general population.
Methods: We selected 98% of the 52.4 million people <65 years of age present in the national health data system for a cross-sectional study in 2019. IDS (35,342) were identified on the basis of an ICD-10 code (Q90) for hospital diagnosis or long-term disease (LTD) status qualifying for 100% reimbursement of healthcare. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated for the comparison of frequencies between the IDS and non-IDS groups.
Results: The prevalence of IDS <65 years old was 0.07% (48% were female). Mortality was high for IDS (<65 years 4.6%, RR=10.2; <1 year 4.3%, RR=18.9). The proportion of IDS was higher in the most disadvantaged quintile of municipalities than for the least disadvantaged (<1 year: 0.08% vs. 0.05%). Comorbidities were most frequent among IDS (23.9% of those <1 year old had another LTD, RR=20.1). Tumors were diagnosed less frequently among IDS (1.2%, RR=0.7), except for myeloid leukemia (0.1%, RR=4.6), lymphoid leukemia (0.2%, RR=6.1) and testicular tumors (0.3%, RR=4.5). Dementia (1.2%, RR=28.7), mental retardation (4.7%, RR=20.7), epilepsy (4.2%, RR=9.1) and cardiac malformations (5.2%, RR=52.2, especially before the age of 4 years (16%), cardiac insufficiency (1.2%, RR=6.7) and valvular disease (0.9%, RR=5.8) were more frequent in IDS.
Hospital admissions were more frequent among IDS for aspiration pneumonia (0.7%, RR=89.2), respiratory failure (0.4%, RR=16.9), sleep apnea at any age (1.1%, RR=8.3), cryptorchidism (0.3%, RR=5.9), iron deficiency (0.1%, RR=1.4), protein-energy malnutrition (0.1% RR=7.5), type 1 diabetes (0.2%, RR=2.8) and hypothyroidism (0.1%, RR=71.8). IDS were more likely to have had at least one visit to the emergency room (9.1%, RR=2.4), a short hospital stay (24.2%, RR=1.6), or home hospitalization (0.6%, RR=6). They were more likely to visit certain specialists,: ENT (22.1%, RR=3.0), cardiologist (17.2%, RR=2.6), neurologist (5.1%, RR=2.4), pediatrician (2.1%, RR=3.1) and thoracic surgeons (0.3% RR=1.9).
Conclusions:This study is the first detailed national study comparing IDS and non-IDS by age group, for comorbid conditions and healthcare use. These results could help to optimize counselling, prenatal healthcare and medical and social support.
The Prevalence and Public Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors in Jimma Town, South West Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Alemayehu , Debela Dejene Tolossa , Tegene Elsah , Workicho Abdulhalik , Shemsedin Muhidin , Desu Gadissa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives: Knowledge, attitude, and practice gaps of cardiovascular disease risk factors are significant obstacles to prevention and care. This study assessed the magnitude of cardiovascular diseases’ risk factors and public knowledge, attitude, and practice towards it in Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia.
Methods: A Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma town southwest Ethiopia, from November 1 to 28, 2021. A multi-stage sampling technique was utilized to get a total sample size of 332. All Jimma town individuals of age 18 years or above who fulfilled inclusion criteria were included. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data entry was done by Epidata, version 3.2 software and analysed with SPSS, version 26.
Results: About 56.4% of the participants had good knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk factors. They had a poor attitude toward cardiovascular disease risk factors. About 70.2% didn’t do moderate intensity and 85.2% didn’t do vigorous-intensity exercise. Only 2.4% and 8.7% of the participants had consumed vegetables and fruits daily respectively. About 17.8% drank alcohol, 19.9% chewed khat and 11.4 % were either active or second-hand smokers. Only 22.3% had normal blood pressure. About 55% of females and 39.9% of males had central obesity. The average measured cardiovascular disease risk was 1.44±1.19 which 6.1 % of them had a family history of cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion & Recommendations: The knowledge, attitude, and practice of this population toward cardiovascular disease risk factors were low. We recommend that the local health bureau, the Ministry of Health, and other stakeholders should find a way to increase the knowledge, attitude, and practice of this population, through media campaigns, promotions &others.
Investigation of Microplastics and Microplastic Communities in Three Waterbody Basin Soils of Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala, India
Authors: Krishna Anjana B S , Madhu Maha , Jayadev Ayona 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Riparian areas are highly dynamic bio-geophysical settings with a surge of waste deposition predominantly including land-based plastic discards. These polymer discards are destined to be the prime constitution of marine ‘plastisphere.’ The polymer fate is determined by waterbodies, where the chances of plastic retention are higher, eventually mediating the formation of Microplastics (MPs) in years or decades. Such formed MPs are a potential threat to the aqua bio-regime. A systematic investigation of three waterbody basin soils (Karamana River, Killiyar and Akkulam-Veli Lake) showed the presence of MPs in all the samples analyzed with varying sizes, shapes, colors and compositions. MPs of the shapes flakes, fragments, filaments, sheets, foams and fibers were observed with dimensions 0.3 mm - 4.7mm. Most of the particles were white in hue (WT), followed by Colorless (CL), Light Yellow (L.Y), Light Brown (L.B), Orange (OR), Red (RD) and Blue (BL) respectively. The polymer communities were identified as High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low-density Polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polystyrene (PS) and Nylon. The highest average MP density was identified in the basin of Killiyar (799±0.09 pieces/Kg) followed by Karamana River (671±3.45 pieces/Kg), indicating the closeness of the sampling station to the city center compared to Akkulam-Veli Lake (486±58.55 pieces/Kg). The majority of the sampling sites belonged to the slopy areas and came under the highly urbanized land category. A close association was observed between particle abundance and urban activity. The study foresees possible threats inflicted by MP abundance upon the area-wide hydro-biological system.
Direct Monetary Cost of Obesity in Patients: A Study from a Health Economics Perspective
Authors: Eren Furkan Alp , BOZ CANSER 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjective:It is a fact that obesity, which is a global public health problem, is not just a medical condition, but should be evaluated together with its economic and social consequences. The aim of our study is to calculate the direct monetary cost caused by obesity based on the individual and to determine the factors affecting the cost.Methods:The observational, cross-sectional study was conducted who applied to the obesity polyclinics of a tertiary hospital in Istanbul. Totally 276 subjects included in 6 months and their data collected with the "case report form" developed by the researchers. To analyze the obtained data Independent sample T-test were used with normal distribution; If not provided, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis tests were used; and chi-square test with categorical data. In all analyses, 95% confidence intervals and p<0.05 values were considered statistically significant.Results:Obesity was found to be more common in those who unemployed, had a large family type, did not have exercise habits, had any chronic disease, had an individual with obesity in their family, and had overweight or obesity in childhood. The mean monthly cost attributable to obesity for all participants was 1,042.50 ± 1,755.30₺, 2,433.48 ± 2,472.94₺ for those who only used drugs, and 3,556.90 ± 2,371.64₺ for those who only used liraglutid. When the participants are grouped according to the expenditure/income ratio, 30.1% of them spend 5% or more of their income due to obesity; and the ratio was 20.7% for %10 threshold. The fact that there are a large number of participants in terms of financial catastrophe risk compared to both 5% and 10% reveals that obesity has serious costs to individuals.Conclusion:Obesity has social and economic consequences. The main determining factor in the economic burden of obesity on individuals is treatments that are not covered by insurance reimbursement.
RETRACTED: Turkish Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Physical Activity and Social Support Scale
Authors: SADIKOĞLU Büşra AKSAN , AKBABA Yıldız ANALAY , MENENGİÇ Kübra Nur , ATAKAN Meltem BESİM , TONGAR Doğukan , TOKGOZ Gulfidan , AYAS Alper , CAN Sahra Şirvan , AKGÜLLER Tuğba 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Geostatistical design for optimal sampling of spatially correlated environmental variables using spatial mixture copulas
Authors: Abraj Mohomed , Wang You-Gan , Thompson M. Helen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

A spatial sampling design for optimally selecting additional locations should capture the complex relationships of spatial variables. Spatial variables may be complex in the following ways: non-Gaussian spatial dependence, spatially nonlinear, and there may be multiple spatially correlated variables. For example, multiple variables are sampled over forests to understand the spatial distribution of the forest biomass. The (non-spatial) relationships between the variables can be non-linear, and the spatial distribution of each variable can be spatially non-linear. Spatial sampling designs that can account for these complexities permit increased accuracy in forest biomass prediction, which supports more informed forest management decisions.This article presents a new methodology for identifying additional locations to sample multiple correlated variables using multivariate spatial mixture copulas, with the aim of increasing prediction accuracy. Our multivariate design is compared to corresponding univariate designs to demonstrate the benefits of using a multivariate framework and cokriging to demonstrate the advantages of copula over kriging methods. Our proposed design approach was applied to two environmental datasets: forest biomass, and heavy metal concentrations in soil. The predictive performance of our method was assessed through simulated partial redesigns of the original sampling designs. For the forest biomass data, 99% of the simulated designs resulted in greater prediction accuracy, and 92% of the simulated soil sampling designs produced more accurate predictions than the original design.
Clinical and Metabolic Factors Affecting the Proportion of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate and Dihydrate in Pure Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers
Authors: Porto Joao G. , Katz Jonathan , Blachman-Braun Ruben , Acharya Vendant K. , Marcovich Robert , Shah Hemendra N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association of different clinical and metabolic factors on the presence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) subtypes - CaOx monohydrate (COM) and dihydrate (COD) - in pure CaOx stone formers.
Material and Methods: We assessed patients with pure CaOx nephrolithiasis found after endourological stone removal at a single center between January 2017 and December 2019. Inclusion criteria comprised patients who had a 24-hour urinary stone risk profile within three months of their stone analysis and before initiating any medical management. Two correlational analyses were performed: linear regression to predict the COD percentage in the specimen, and logistic regression to predict the presence or absence of ≥ 20% COD. Predictor variables included age, body mass index (BMI), gender, race/ethnicity, chronic medical conditions, and 24-hour urinary metabolic abnormalities.
Results: Of 120 patients with CaOx stones, 38 (31.7%) contained ≥ 20% COD. We found significant associations between percentage of COD and several variables, including age (p=0.015), BMI (p=0.034), 24-hour urinary pH (p=0.001), as well as supersaturation of CaOx (p=0.019), brushite (p<0.001), and uric acid (p=0.011). Additionally, we found a significant association between younger patients (p=0.012), BMI (p=0.039), urine pH (p=0.027), potassium in urine (p=0.015), CaOx supersaturation (p=0.046), and brushite supersaturation (p=0.001) with the presence of significant percentage (≥ 20%) of COD.
Conclusion: Patients with elevated proportion of COD are often younger and have a lower BMI. Additionally, as urinary pH becomes more alkaline, or the supersaturations of CaOx or brushite increase the relative proportion of dihydrate increases.
Robust Residual Generator Design for Sensor Fault Detection in Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System
Authors: Ahmad Masood , Azeem Fawad , Zidan Hasan A. , Ali Sadaqat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The twin rotor aerodynamic system (TRAS) reflects the dynamics of vertical take-off rotor systems. Controlling such systems for reference tracking and stabilization is difficult due to the nonlinear nature of the system and the significant cross-coupling between the main and tail rotor inputs and outputs. The TRAS considers the coupling effect and gyroscopic disturbance torque as unwanted signals. For TRAS safe and reliable operation, proper control input is vital along with fast fault indication. This paper addresses the problem of a robust residual generator design to detect the output sensor fault in the linear model of TRAS subjected to \({l}_{2}\)-norm bounded disturbance. For fault detection (FD) purposes, a robust observer is proposed using a co-inner-outer factorization approach to maximize the sensitivity/robustness criterion. Observer-based residual generator design is formulated as H-/H∞ optimization problem and a solution is obtained by solving the Riccati equation. The factorization technique overcomes the computational cost and minimizes H∞ norm which guarantees observer stability and robust performance. Furthermore, a linear quadratic regulator-based state feedback controller is proposed to meet the system's desired transient response requirement. The controller and residual generator designs' effectiveness are validated through MATLAB simulations. Successful fault detection in the output sensor of TRAS depicts the good performance of the proposed observer.
SiamFDA: Feature Dynamic Activation Siamese Network for Visual Tracking
Authors: Gu Jialiang , She Ying , Yi Yang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present a novel anchor-free visual tracking framework, referred to as Feature Dynamic Activation Siamese Network (SiamFDA), which addresses the issue of ignoring global spatial information in current Siamese network-based tracking algorithms. Our approach captures long-range dependencies between distant pixels in space, which enables robustness to unreliable regions. Additionally, we introduce a hierarchical feature selector that adaptively activates features at different layers, and an adaptive sample label assignment method to further improve tracking performance. Our extensive evaluations on six benchmark datasets, including VOT-2018, VOT-2019, GOT10k, LaSOT, OTB-2015, and OTB-2013, demonstrate that SiamFDA outperforms several state-of-the-art trackers in various challenging scenarios, with a real-time frame rate of 40 frames per second.