bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible interventions for menstrual management in adolescents and young adults with gender incongruence
Authors: Roden Rosemary Claire 
Published: March 2023

The newly released World Professional Association for Transgender Health Standards of Care, 8th Edition specify that adolescents should be offered menstrual suppression as part of their treatment plans to suppress menses and alleviate dysphoria, provide contraception, or improve irregular bleeding on testosterone therapy. This is a review of current evidence-based options for reversible interventions for menstrual suppression in adolescents with gender dysphoria or incongruence. Shared decision-making should be used by the clinician at all times, and the clinician should be intentional in prioritizing the patient’s stated needs and desires when offering interventions. No method should be withheld due to the experience of gender incongruence alone. Contraceptive options offering menstrual suppression include depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, levonorgestrel intrauterine systems, progestin-only contraceptive pills, and combined hormonal contraceptives. Non-contraceptive options include norethindrone acetate, oral medroxyprogesterone acetate, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues/agonists, and danazol. Certain patients may also benefit from non-pharmacologic interventions, such as specialty menstrual underwear. Plain language summary Using medicine to stop Menstrual periods in teens with gender incongruence Summary: Newly released recommendations for the care of teens and young adults with gender dysphoria or incongruence specifically recommend using medications to get rid of menstrual periods if desired or medically necessary. Patients may ask for this to help improve dysphoria, as a feature they want in birth control, or simply because they do not want to have periods. Because temporarily getting rid of periods is something that doctors can do for any patient old enough to have periods, patients with gender dysphoria should also be able to have their periods temporarily stopped using medications if requested. Doctors should ensure that they always help the patient make a decision that is right for them instead of prescribing what they think is right without considering the patient’s input. Options for temporarily getting rid of periods can include birth control, such as oral contraceptive pills, patches, or rings; intrauterine devices; or shots, and it can also be done with things that are not birth control, such a progesterone pills or puberty blockers. Finally, some patients may only need improved period hygiene with period underwear to feel better in their bodies.
Effects of Ag3Sn nanoparticles and isothermal aging on IMC layer growth, mechanical properties, and life prediction of SAC305/Cu solder joints
Authors: Yuan Peng , Chen Dongdong , Qin Junhu , Bai Hailong , Zhang Xin , Gan Guoyou , Leng Chongyan , Yan Jikang 
Published: March 2023

In this paper, Ag3Sn nanoparticles were prepared by chemical method and added into SAC305 solder in different proportions to explore the effects of the Ag3Sn on the wettability, melting performance, metallographic structure, and mechanical property of the solder. The results show that a small amount of Ag3Sn nanoparticles were able to reduce the wetting time, increase the maximum wetting force, and expand the spreading area. The melting performance was also improved. Ag3Sn nanoparticles were also found to significantly refine the solder structure in the metallographical. The best comprehensive performance was achieved with the addition of 0.5% Ag3Sn nanoparticles. These Ag3Sn nanoparticles effectively improved the morphology of the IMC at the interface and effectively reduced the thickness of the IMC layer. The addition of nano Ag3Sn increased the diffusion activation energy and stabilized the interface. Moreover, the growth of the IMC layer was inhibited by 0.5% Ag3Sn, as indicated by aging results. The addition of Ag3Sn nanoparticles increases the tensile strength and Vickers hardness of the solder joint. When the amount of Ag3Sn nanoparticles was 0.5 wt%, the tensile strength reached the maximum of 17.45 MPa. The microhardness value of the solder is greatly increased, which reaches 311 HV. Finite element simulation showed that the service life of the solder was prolonged by adding the appropriate amount of Ag3Sn nanoparticles. The paper demonstrates a method of “nano” solder paste preparation. Results show that the addition of Ag3Sn nanoparticles plays an important role in the interfacial reaction and mechanical properties between the SAC solder and Cu substrate.
Scapulothoracic Arthroscopy for Snapping Scapula Syndrome
Authors: Nammour Michael , Arner Justin , Murray Ryan , Bradley James 
Published: March 2023

Background: Snapping scapula syndrome (SSS) is a disruption of the normal smooth motion of the scapulothoracic joint leading to clicking or “snapping” which can be painful or painless. There are a variety of etiologies with first-line treatment being conservative. If patients fail extensive nonoperative treatments, then surgery may be considered. Although technically challenging, arthroscopic treatment is recommended due to its decreased morbidity and improved cosmesis. Indications: We present a 21-year-old man with a 2-year history of mechanical popping and crepitus with overhead and scapulothoracic motion of his left arm. After failing an extensive trial of conservative therapy, the patient underwent scapulothoracic arthroscopy with bursectomy and partial resection of the superomedial border of the scapula. Technique Description: The patient is positioned prone with the operative arm behind the back to elevate the medial border off the chest wall. The scapula is outlined. Two arthroscopic portals are used; the superior portal is 3 cm medial to the medial border of the scapula at the level of the scapular spine and the inferior portal is 4 cm inferior to this at the inferomedial angle of the scapula. Viewing is typically done from the inferior portal, and the superior portal is used for resection of the bursa and superomedial border of the scapula. A shaver and ablator are used to perform a bursectomy and expose the superomedial border of the scapula. An arthroscopic bur is used to partially resect the superomedial border of the scapula at approximately 3.5 cm wide and 2 cm deep. Results: Although there are limited studies examining outcomes after scapulothoracic arthroscopy, the current literature suggests that scapulothoracic arthroscopy is effective in improving crepitus, pain, and clinical outcome scores. Discussion/Conclusion: In cases of SSS which have failed exhaustive conservative therapy, arthroscopic bursectomy and partial bony resection can be an effective treatment option with minimal invasiveness, improved cosmesis, and early return to activities. Proper patient positioning and careful portal placement are critical to avoid iatrogenic injury, particularly to neurologic structures. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Impact of triple therapy on mortality in COPD
Authors: Soumagne Thibaud , Zysman Maeva , Karadogan Dilek , Lahousse Lies , Mathioudakis Alexander G. 
Published: March 2023

Only a few therapies have been shown to prolong survival in specific patients with COPD. In recent years, the IMPACT and the ETHOS trials suggested that triple therapy (a combination of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) given in a single inhaler) may reduce mortality compared with dual bronchodilation.These results need however to be interpreted with caution. These trials were not powered by design to evaluate the impact of triple therapy on mortality as mortality was a secondary outcome. In addition, mortality reduction has to be put in perspective with the low mortality rate in both studies (<2%). Furthermore, a key methodological issue is that up to 70–80% of patients had ICS withdrawal at the enrolment in the LABA/LAMA arms, but none in the ICS-containing treatment arms. It is possible that ICS withdrawal may have contributed to some early death events. Finally, the inclusion and exclusion criteria of both trials were designed to select patients likely to respond to ICS.There are no conclusive data yet that triple therapy reduces mortality in COPD. Future, well-designed and -powered trials are needed to validate the findings on mortality.
Quantitative proteomics identifies and validates urinary biomarkers of rhabdomyosarcoma in children
Authors: Xu Na , Yu Yuncui , Duan Chao , Wei Jing , Sun Wei , Jiang Chiyi , Jian Binglin , Cao Wang , Jia Lulu , Ma Xiaoli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma with poor prognosis in children. The 5-year survival rate for early RMS has improved, whereas it remains unsatisfactory for advanced patients. Urine can rapidly reflect changes in the body and identify low-abundance proteins. Early screening of tumor markers through urine in RMS allows for earlier treatment, which is associated with better outcomes.

Methods
RMS patients under 18 years old, including those newly diagnosed and after surgery, were enrolled. Urine samples were collected at the time points of admission and after four cycles of chemotherapy during follow-up. Then, a two-stage workflow was established. (1) In the discovery stage, differential proteins (DPs) were initially identified in 43 RMS patients and 12 healthy controls (HCs) using a data-independent acquisition method. (2) In the verification stage, DPs were further verified as biomarkers in 54 RMS patients and 25 HCs using parallel reaction monitoring analysis. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to construct the protein panels for the diagnosis of RMS. Gene Ontology (GO) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software were used to perform bioinformatics analysis.

Results
A total of 251 proteins were significantly altered in the discovery stage, most of which were enriched in the head, neck and urogenital tract, consistent with the most common sites of RMS. The most overrepresented biological processes from GO analysis included immunity, inflammation, tumor invasion and neuronal damage. Pathways engaging the identified proteins revealed 33 common pathways, including WNT/β-catenin signaling and PI3K/AKT signaling. Finally, 39 proteins were confirmed as urinary biomarkers for RMS, and a diagnostic panel composed of 5 candidate proteins (EPS8L2, SPARC, HLA-DRB1, ACAN, and CILP) was constructed for the early screening of RMS (AUC: 0.79, 95%CI = 0.66 ~ 0.92).

Conclusions
These findings provide novel biomarkers in urine that are easy to translate into clinical diagnosis of RMS and illustrate the value of global and targeted urine proteomics to identify and qualify candidate biomarkers for noninvasive molecular diagnosis.
Multi-view feature representation and fusion for drug-drug interactions prediction
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Shuo , Li Runzhi , Chen Gang , Yan Siyu , Ma Lihong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) prediction is vital for pharmacology and clinical application to avoid adverse drug reactions on patients. It is challenging because DDIs are related to multiple factors, such as genes, drug molecular structure, diseases, biological processes, side effects, etc. It is a crucial technology for Knowledge graph to present multi-relation among entities. Recently some existing graph-based computation models have been proposed for DDIs prediction and get good performance. However, there are still some challenges in the knowledge graph representation, which can extract rich latent features from drug knowledge graph (KG).

Results
In this work, we propose a novel multi-view feature representation and fusion (MuFRF) architecture to realize DDIs prediction. It consists of two views of feature representation and a multi-level latent feature fusion. For the feature representation from the graph view and KG view, we use graph isomorphism network to map drug molecular structures and use RotatE to implement the vector representation on bio-medical knowledge graph, respectively. We design concatenate-level and scalar-level strategies in the multi-level latent feature fusion to capture latent features from drug molecular structure information and semantic features from bio-medical KG. And the multi-head attention mechanism achieves the optimization of features on binary and multi-class classification tasks. We evaluate our proposed method based on two open datasets in the experiments. Experiments indicate that MuFRF outperforms the classic and state-of-the-art models.

Conclusions
Our proposed model can fully exploit and integrate the latent feature from the drug molecular structure graph (graph view) and rich bio-medical knowledge graph (KG view). We find that a multi-view feature representation and fusion model can accurately predict DDIs. It may contribute to providing with some guidance for research and validation for discovering novel DDIs.
Identification and characterization of CircRNA-associated CeRNA networks in moso bamboo under nitrogen stress
Authors: Zhu Chenglei , Yuan Tingting , Yang Kebin , Liu Yan , Li Ying , Gao Zhimin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Nitrogen is a macronutrient element for plant growth and development. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve as pivotal regulators for the coordination between nutrient supply and plant demand. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is an excellent plant with fast growth, and the mechanism of the circRNA-target module in response to nitrogen remains unclear.

Results
Deep small RNA sequencing results of moso bamboo seedlings under different concentrations of KNO3 (N0 = 0 mM, N6 = 6 mM, N18 = 18 mM) were used to identify circRNAs. A total of 549 circRNAs were obtained, of which 309 were generated from corresponding parental coding genes including 66 new ones. A total of 536 circRNA-parent genes were unevenly distributed in 24 scaffolds and were associated with root growth and development. Furthermore, 52 differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) were obtained, including 24, 33 and 15 DECs from three comparisons of N0 vs. N6, N0 vs. N18 and N6 vs. N18, respectively. Based on integrative analyses of the identified DECs, differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs), and miRNAs (DEMs), a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, including five DECs, eight DEMs and 32 DEGs. A regulatory module of PeSca_6:12,316,320|12,372,905-novel_miR156-PH02Gene35622 was further verified by qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays.

Conclusion
The results indicated that circRNAs could participate in multiple biological processes as miRNA sponges, including organ nitrogen compound biosynthesis and metabolic process regulation in moso bamboo. Our results provide valuable information for further study of circRNAs in moso bamboo under fluctuating nitrogen conditions.
Quantitative flow ratio vs. angiography-only guided PCI in STEMI patients: one-year cardiovascular outcomes
Authors: Barauskas Mindaugas , Žiubrytė Greta , Jodka Nojus , Unikas Ramūnas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoronary physiology-guided PCIs are recommended worldwide. However, invasive coronary physiology methods prolong the procedure, create additional risks for the patients, and prolong the fluoroscopy time for an interventional cardiologist. Otherwise, there is a noninvasive coronary physiology evaluation method, QFR, that can be safely used even in STEMI patients.MethodsA total of 198 patients admitted with STEMI and at least one intermediate (35–75%) diameter stenosis other than the culprit artery between July 2020 and June 2021 were prospectively included in this single-center study. All patients were randomized into one of two groups (1 - QFR-guided PCI; 2 - visual-estimation-only guided PCI). A 12-month follow-up with echocardiography, exercise stress test, and quality of life evaluation was performed in all included patients. For the QOF evaluation, the Seattle Angina Score Questionnaire was chosen. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson’s chi-squared test and Kaplan–Meier estimator.ResultsNinety-eight (49.5%) patients were randomized to the first group, and 100 (50.5%) patients were included in the second group. Statistically, significantly more patients had a medical history of dyslipidemia (98 vs. 91, p = 0.002) and slightly better left ventricular ejection fraction (42.21 ± 7.88 vs. 39.45 ± 9.62, p = 0.045) in the QFR group. Six fewer patients required non-culprit artery revascularization within the 12-month FU in the QFR group (1.02% vs. 6%, p = 0.047). Survival analysis proved that patients in the Angio group had a more than 6-fold greater risk for death within a 12-month period after MI (OR 6.23, 95% CI 2.20-17.87, p = 0.006), with the highest mortality risk within the first two months after initial treatment.ConclusionUsing QFR in non-culprit lesions in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction reduces mortality and revascularization at the 12-month follow-up and improves the quality of life of the patient.Trial registrationThe study was approved by the Regional Bioethical Committee and conducted under the principles of the Helsinki Declaration and local laws and regulations.
Effects of dietary diversity on frailty in Chinese older adults: a 3-year cohort study
Authors: Duan Ying , Qi Qi , Cui Yan , Yang Ling , Zhang Min , Liu Huaqing 
Published: March 2023

Background
Frailty has emerged as a global health burden with increased population aging. A diverse diet is essential for an adequate and balanced supply of nutrients. However, limited evidence supports the relationship between dietary diversity and frailty. We therefore assessed the associations of dietary diversity with the risk of frailty.

Methods
We used the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey to analyze a prospective cohort of Chinese older adults. A total of 1948 non-frail older adults were included in the final sample. Participants were categorized into groups with high or low dietary diversity scores (DDSs) using a food frequency questionnaire. A Generalized Estimating Equation were used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for determining frailty incidence.

Results
Among 1,948 participants, 381 had frailty with the prevalence of 19.56% during the 3-year follow-up period. Compared with the low DDS group, the high DDS group exhibited a lower risk of frailty (RR, 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57–0.91). Compared with those with a consistently low DDS, the RR of participants with a consistently high DDS for frailty was 0.56 (95% CI: 0.42–0.74). Moreover, meat, beans, fish, nuts, fresh fruits, and fresh vegetables were inversely associated with frailty. In stratified analysis, a consistently high DDS, compared with a consistently low DDS, reduced the risk of frailty for people aged 65-79 years and those living in town and rural areas.

Conclusion
This study found a prospective association between dietary diversity and frailty among Chinese older adults. These findings stressed that it is important to improve dietary diversity for older adults to promote healthy ageing, particularly for young older adults and in town and rural areas.
Lesion size as a prognostic factor in the antifungal treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis: a retrospective study with chest CT pictorial review of 2-year follow up
Authors: Yan Yu , Wu Yuxiao , Wang Qin , Zhu Xiaodan , Li Huayin , Jiang Hongni 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a fungal infection that can have a variable prognosis depending on several factors. The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of pulmonary lesions and identify prognostic factors in patients with PC who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -negative and underwent antifungal treatment.

Methods
The study enrolled patients diagnosed with PC who were negative for HIV. Symptoms, CT characteristics of pulmonary lesions, serum cryptococcal capsular antigen (CrAg) titre, underlying diseases, and duration of antifungal treatment were evaluated over a 2-year follow-up.

Results
A total of 63 patients (40 men and 23 women) with a mean age of 50.4 years were included. Half of the patients (50.8%) were asymptomatic, and the most common symptoms were cough (44.4%), expectoration (27.0%), and fever (17.5%). Pulmonary lesions were mainly present in the peripheral and lower lobes of the lung, with 35 cases classified as nodular-type lesions and 28 cases classified as mass-type lesions. At the first, third, sixth, 12th, and 24th-month follow-ups, the median proportion of residual pulmonary lesions were 59.6%, 29.9%, 12.2%, 9.6%, and 0.0%, respectively. During antifungal treatment, the lesions of 33 patients achieved complete response, while the remaining 30 patients did not. Compared with the non-CR group, the CR group had a lower baseline serum CrAg titre (median, 1:20 vs 1:80, P < 0.01), smaller pulmonary lesion size (median area, 1.6 cm2 vs 6.3 cm2, P < 0.01), lower Hounsfield-units (HU) radiodensity (median, − 60.0 HU vs − 28.5 HU, P < 0.05), more nodular-type lesions (72.7% vs 36.7%, P < 0.01), and fewer air-bronchogram signs (18.2% vs 43.3%, P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a larger lesion size on chest CT scans was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving complete response [OR: 0.89; 95% CI (0.81–0.97); P < 0.05].

Conclusions
PC was more commonly observed in HIV-negative men, and chest CT scans mostly revealed nodular-type lesions. After antifungal treatment, patients with smaller lesions had a better prognosis.
Additional single dose GnRH agonist during luteal phase support may improve live birth rate in GnRHa-HRT frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycle: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chang Wei-Shan , Lin Pei-Hsuan , Li Chia-Jung , Chern Chyi-Uei , Chen Yu-Chen , Lin Li-Te , Tsui Kuan-Hao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundGnRH agonist (GnRHa) has been reported to have direct effects and functional roles in the endometrium and embryos. Several meta-analyses have shown that GnRHa administration in the luteal phase improved the live birth rate or pregnancy rate in both fresh and frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. The aim of this study was to investigate whether luteal GnRHa administration could also improve in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in patients undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycles with GnRHa suppression.MethodsThe retrospective cohort study included a total of 350 patients undergoing GnRHa-HRT FET cycles. The study group included 179 patients receiving an additional single dose of GnRHa in the luteal phase following embryo transfer. A total of 171 patients in the control group did not receive luteal GnRHa. The baseline and cycle characteristics and reproductive outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsBaseline and cycle characteristics were similar between the two groups, except lower AMH levels were found in the luteal GnRHa group than in the control group. The luteal GnRHa group had a significantly higher ongoing pregnancy rate and live birth rate than the control group. The multivariate analysis revealed that luteal GnRHa administration was positively associated with ongoing pregnancy (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.20–3.47,P = 0.008) and live birth (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.20–3.45,P = 0.009). When the subgroup of patients with recurrent implantation failure was analyzed, the multivariate analysis also showed that luteal GnRHa administration had beneficial effects on ongoing pregnancy (OR 4.55, 95% CI 1.69–12.30,P = 0.003) and live birth (OR 4.30, 95% CI 1.59–11.65,P = 0.004).ConclusionsOur data suggest that the addition of one luteal dose of GnRHa may improve the live birth rate in patients undergoing the GnRHa-HRT protocol.