bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolving Critical Build-Up Section Challenges in a Major Oilfield in the Middle East Using Enhanced Oil-Based Mud Solution
Authors: Elmohandes M. A. , Algaiar M. M. , Farahat M. Y. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Drilling mixed lithology formations of Shales, soft/hard Carbonates, and long Anhydrite intervals in a single section that comprises directional drilling from vertical to well landing with elevated mud weights and high overbalance represents numerous challenges including wellbore stability, tight hole, formation ledges, differential sticking, high torsional and lateral vibration levels, erratic drilling torque, poor rate of penetration, and failure to run the 7" liner to bottom. Controlling such formations with water-based mud system is difficult, even with large percentage of water-based lubricant, thus leading to multiple downhole tools failures and failing to drill this challenging section in one run.
Due to the fact that drilling this section falls under a lumpsum turnkey project and the section performance and cost are crucial to the well delivery, the drilling engineering and drilling fluids teams worked together to address the section challenges by replacing the water-based mud system with a customized oil-based mud system. All associated risks for this replacement including the spill control measures and environmental hazards were discussed and presented in a risk assessment form.
Wireline and logging-while-drilling formation characteristics logs in different field locations, offsets drilling performance, stuck pipe incidents, and tripability data were gathered and a rigorous lab testing was performed to formulate an efficient oil-based mud formulation with optimum bridging design to control the formation challenges whilst maintaining a competitive system cost compared to the previous water-based mud system.
The optimized bridging materials design in accordance with the very low lubricity coefficient of the oil-based mud system helped strengthening the weak formations, reduced the stuck pipe risks and intensely minimized the drilling vibrations thus helped in applying full drilling parameters, improved the rate of penetration well after well, and delivered the section in one run without downhole tools failure. In addition, the controlled filtration showed exceptional tripability compared to the old mud system and saved more than 8 hours to pull the directional assembly back to surface. The 7" liner was run smoothly to the planned depth with an improved section delivery time and operational costs.
Using Game Theory Algorithm to Identify Critical Watersheds based on Environmental Flow Components and Hydrological Indicators
Authors: Khiavi Ali Nasiri , Mostafazadeh Raoof , Talouki Fatemeh Ghanbari 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Improper use of water resources has caused significant changes in Natural River Flow (NRF), which indicates the need to assess changes in Hydrological Indicators (HI) and Environmental Flow Components (EFC). Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify critical watersheds using HI and EFC under the influence of the dam and without the impact of the dam using the Borda Scoring Algorithm (BSA) based on Game Theory (GT) in Nir-Chay, Balkhlou-Chay and Qareh-Sou Rivers as consequent stations in northern Iran. Indicators of Hydrological Alteration (IHA) software was used to quantify river flow indices. 26 HI and 21 EFC have been quantified and were used to identify critical watersheds. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to determine the most significant indicators. After the data reduction, the initial matrix and comparative preferences of Game Theory (GT) were used, and the scores were assigned to watersheds based on Borda Scoring Algorithm (BSA). Based on the results, it can be said that in the Doost-Beiglou watershed, the small flood peak in the pre-dam period was 14.08, which was reduced to 3.5 in the post-dam period. The scoring of the studied watersheds based on HI and EFC GT theory showed that the watersheds affected by the dam with the scores of 216 and 174 were ranked first and were selected as the most critical watersheds in the study area. As a concluding remark, in the watersheds of Pol-e-Almas and Doost-Beiglou, which were affected by Yamchi and Sabalan dams, significant changes were observed in HI and EFCs. Therefore, in terms of NRF, Balkhlou-Chay and Qareh-Sou Rivers were categorized as critical conditions, which highlights the importance of these watersheds for managers and decision-makers in making optimal decisions.
Development of TTGO Wireless Microcontroller Based Smart SpO2 Band for the In-Time Diagnosis of the COVID’19 Infected Patients
Authors: Chowdhry Bhawani Shankar , Mouzam Salman Ul , Shah Ali Akbar , Mirza Ghulam Fiza , Uqaili Mohammad Aslam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Due to rapid rise in COVID’19 the death toll exceeded 30,000. The majority of these fatalities were brought on by the disease’s tardy diagnosis. Mostly, people who live in poverty today are still unaware of all of its signs. In order to help them, a Smart SpO2 sensor based wrist band has been developed in collaboration with UNICEF, the School of Leadership Foundation, and the National Center of Robotics and Automation - Human Haptics Robotics Condition Monitoring Lab - MUET. It uses a TTGO Wireless Microcontroller Unit and an Sp02 sensor to help determine a person’s oxygen saturation and heart rate. The wristband is made in such a way that it is integrated with the COVID-Sahara App, an app that notifies the patient’s neighboring hospital or monitoring person if his oxygen saturation limit drops below the prescribed level. With the assistance of 21 afflicted patients and health professionals at a private hospital in Hyderabad, the band has undergone testing. With an accuracy of 95.238 percent, the band has demonstrated its remarkable versatility by correctly diagnosing 20 out of 21 patients.
Morpho-cultural, pathological and molecular variability in Phloeospora maculans causing leaf spot of mulberry (Morus species) in India
Authors: Saif Zakiya , Kirmani Sabiha Ashraf , Shah Mehraj D. , Mir S. A. , Padder B. A. , Nabi Asha , Baqual M.F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:Leaf spot disease (LSD) of mulberry caused byPhloeospora maculansis a major threat to the silk industry of Jammu and Kashmir, India, therefore, it was necessary to study the population structure of the pathogen for successful management of the disease.Methods and ResultsTo understand the diversity in thePhloeospora maculans, a combination of conventional (morphological, cultural and pathological) and molecular (ISSR markers) approaches were employed to discern the variability in 27 isolates collected from Srinagar, Bandipora, and Baramulla districts of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The studies revealed a high level of variability in the pathogen. Based on the morpho-cultural and pathological studies, the pathogen isolates were grouped into different categories based on colony growth, texture, margin and colour besides changes in colour of medium, incubation period, leaf area infected, etc.A high level of polymorphism was observed in different isolates ofP. maculansusing ISSR markers, which indicated that these markers are suitable for studying the genetic diversity in this pathogen. All the isolates (27) ofP. maculanswere clustered into two groups or populations as indicated by mean delta K value. Analysis of molecular variance revealed the low genetic variation among the populations (1.08%) and a high level of genetic variation within the populations (98.91%). Fstvalue was found to be 0.01 indicating smaller amount of genetic differentiation between the populations against calculated P-value of 0.29ConclusionA high level of diversity based on morphological, cultural, pathological and molecular levels was observed inPhloeospora maculanscollected from various districts of Kashmir valley, which indicates that the study of population structure is necessary for successful management of the disease.
Evaluation of efficacy of Elaeagnus angustifolia flower essential oil inhalation in improving sexual function in women of reproductive age: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jafari Behnaz , Hosseini Hamideh , Jamali Jamshid , Babazadeh Raheleh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Normal sexual function is an important part of women's sexual and mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inhalation of Elaeagnus angustifolia essential oil on sexual Function of women of reproductive age.
Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized, three-group clinical trial that was performed on 99 women referred to health centers in Mashhad. The first group used the essential oil by inhalation for 20 minutes three times a day for 4 weeks and the second group used the essential oil by inhalation 20 minutes before intercourse and the third group did not receive any intervention. Sexual function were assessed by FSFI questionnaire at baseline and after 4 weeks in all three groups.
Results:The mean and SD age of women were 33.7±7.6. The mean score of sexual function before the intervention in the first and second intervention group and control group were 23±1.3, 23.3±6.4 and 23.1±3.6 (P=0.630) respectively that was not statistically significant(p=0.630). The mean score of sexual function after 4 weeks in the first and second intervention group and control group were 25.2±7.9, 28.2±4.9 and 23.1±3.5 (P<0.001) respectively. Also after 4 weeks in the second intervention group improved sexual function in all areas, but in the first intervention Group improved all areas except pain and sexual Satisfaction (P<0.001).
Trial registration: The research project was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with a code (IRCT20191203045589N1) and the ethics committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences with a code (IR.MUMS.NURSE.REC.1398.07) and first registration in 11/12/2019.
Conclusion: Inhalation of Elaeagnus angustifolia oil, has had a beneficial effect on improving sexual function in women of reproductive age, so it can be used as an affordable herbal supplement to improve Sexual function in these women.
The microcirculatory response in critically ill COVID-19 patients is dependent on the severity of disease
Authors: Brouwer Fleur , Ince Can , Pols Jiska , Uz Zühre , Hilty Matthias Peter , Arbous Mendi Sesmu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relation between sublingual microcirculatory parameters and the severity of the disease in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the initial period of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission in a phase of the COVID-19 pandemic where patients were being treated with anti-inflammatory medication. In total, 35 critically ill COVID-19 patients were included. Twenty-one severely ill COVID-19 patients with a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score below or equal to 7 were compared to 14 more severely ill COVID-19 patients with a SOFA score exceeding 7. Microcirculatory measurements were performed during the initial day of ICU admission. An increase in diffusive capacity of the microcirculation (total vessel density, functional capillary density, capillary hematocrit) and an increased perfusion of the tissues by red blood cells was found in the more severe critically il patients (SOFA 7–9) compared to the less severe critically ill COVID-19 patients. This study further shows that this adaptive response of the microcirculation is maintained despite the administration of anti-inflammatory medication.
The role of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB in the protective effect of ulinastatin on intestinal mucosal barrier in mice with sepsis
Authors: Song Wenying , Jing Huang , Li Ying , Ding Hui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of TLＲ4 /MyD88 /NF-κB signaling pathway in the protective effect of ulinastatin on intestinal mucosal barrier in mice with sepsis.
Methods The mouse model of sepsis was established by classical cecal ligation and perforation. Thirty-two SPF C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups with 8 in each: control group (Con group), ulinastatin group (Uti group), Uti +TLR4 agonist LPS group (Uti+LPS group) and LPS group. Mice in the Con group received the same volume of saline injected into the tail vein 2 hours after modeling; Mice in the Uti group received 10000 U/kg ulinastatin injected into tail vein 2 hours after modeling; Mice in the Uti+LPS group received LPS (5mg/kg) injected into tail vein at 0h after modeling, other procedures were the same as in the Uti group; Mice in the LPS group received LPS (5mg/kg) injected into tail vein 0h after modeling. The weight loss ratio of mice was calculated at 48h after surgery. All animals were sacrificed at 48h after surgery to assess the injury of jejunal mucosa, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 β in tail vein, and the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κ B mRNA in small intestinal mucosa tissues using ELASA and RT-PCR.
Results The weight change of mice in Uti at 48h after operation was significantly reduced than that of the Con (p=0. 008 vs. Con); while the weight change of mice in Uti+LPS group and LPS group was significantly increased than that of the Uti (P=0. 020, P=0. 036 vs. Uti). The scores of intestinal mucosal injury at 48 h of the Uti were significantly lower than that of the Con (p＜0.001 vs. Con)；while the scores of intestinal mucosal injuryat 48 h of the Uti+LPS were significantly higher than that of the Uti ( P=0.044 vs. Uti). The expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 β in the Uti decreased significantly at 48h after surgery than that in the Con（P=0.001，P=0.014，P=0.004 vs. Con), while the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in Uti+LPS increased significantly at 48h after surgery than that in the Uti（P=0.026，P=0.040，P=0.039 vs. Uti）. The expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB mRNA in Uti decreased significantly than that in the Con(P=0.001，P=0.021，P=0.007 vs. Con); while the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB mRNA in Uti+LPS was higher than that in Uti (P=0.023，P=0.040，P=0.045 vs. Uti).
Conclusion These findings indicate that the intestinal mucosal barrier protective effect against sepsis of ulinastatin may be mediated through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.
Research on Mathematical terrain interactive editing technology for landscape design based on deep learning
Authors: Wei Feiyu , Li Yunyuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The technology in the field of garden landscape is constantly developing with the progress of today's society, industry has also been promoted, and various styles of landscapes have appeared one by one according to the needs of the times. However, the research of landscape design still seems to remain on the basis of more formal, patterned and visual design, thus ignoring the interaction between design works and objects of use. This paper aims to integrate mathematical terrain into the field of landscape design, and use realistic digital terrain to enhance the realism of virtual landscapes and enhance the user's immersion. To date, researchers have proposed many terrain editing techniques, but no more comprehensive examination of terrain features and editing requirements has been carried out to meet more general terrain modeling needs. Based on deep learning technology, this paper constructs the design of interactive scene mathematical terrain editing system. The system consists of two subsystems: scene management system and user interface system. Each subsystem has its own function module, which is convenient for users to use. Each functional module can be called according to user preferences to create the desired landscape terrain. In the final evaluation of the customer, the hills and plains created based on the sketch are better than the original work, It can be concluded that the system not only has excellent effects in practical applications, but also has a wide range of cross-domain applications, and has a broad development prospect. This paper designs a class of interactive editable systems combined with mathematical terrain by introducing deep learning technology into the field of landscape design.
Association between antibody responses post-vaccination and severe COVID-19 outcomes: national population-based cohort study in Scotland
Authors: Macdonald Calum , Palmateer Norah , McAuley Andrew , Lindsay Laura , Hasan Taimoor , Hameed Safraj , Hall Elliott , Jeffrey Karen , Grange Zoe , Gousias Petros , Marvin Sally , Jarvis Lisa , Cameron J. , Daines Luke , Tibble Holly , Rudan Igor , Simpson Colin , Katikireddi Srinivasa , McCowan Colin , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi , Ritchie Lewis , Swallow Ben , Robertson Chris , Moss Paul , Sheikh Aziz , Murray Josephine-Louise 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Several population-level studies have described individual clinical risk factors associated with suboptimal antibody responses following COVID-19 vaccination, but none have examined multimorbidity. Others have shown that suboptimal post-vaccination responses offer reduced protection to subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, the level of protection from COVID-19 hospitalisation/death remains unconfirmed. We use national Scottish datasets to investigate the association between multimorbidity and testing antibody-negative, examining the correlation between antibody levels and subsequent COVID-19 hospitalisation/death among double-vaccinated individuals. We found that individuals with multimorbidity (≥five conditions) were more likely to test antibody-negative post-vaccination and 13.37 [6.05 - 29.53] times more likely to be hospitalised/die from COVID-19 than individuals without conditions. We also show a dose-dependent association between post-vaccination antibody levels and COVID-19 hospitalisation or death, with those with undetectable antibody levels at a significantly higher risk (HR 9.21 [95% CI 4.63 - 18.29]) of these serious outcomes compared to those with high antibody levels.
Impact of heat stress on genetic evaluation of oocyte and embryo production in Gir dairy cattle
Authors: Feltes Giovani Luis , Negri Renata , Raidan Fernanda Santos Silva , Viana Alexandra Fabielle Pereira , Feres Luiz Fernando Rodrigues , Ribeiro Virgínia Mara Pereira , Cobuci Jaime Araújo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Identifying and selecting genotypes tolerant to heat stress might improve reproductive traits in dairy cattle, including oocyte and embryo production. The temperature-humidity index (THI) was used, via random regression models, to investigate the impact of heat stress on genetic parameters and breeding values of oocyte and embryo production in Gir dairy cattle. We evaluated records of total oocytes (TO), viable oocytes (VO), cleaved embryos (CE), and viable embryos (VE) from dairy Gir donors. Twenty-four models were tested, considering age at ovum pick-up (AOPU) and THI means as a regressor in the genetic evaluation. We computed THI in eight periods, from 0 to 112 days before ovum pick-up, which were adjusted by different orders of Legendre polynomials (second, third, and fourth). The best-fit model according to Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Model Posterior Probabilities (MPP) considered Legendre polynomials of third order and THI means of 112 days for TO, fourth order and 56 days for VO, second order and 28 days for CE, and second order and 42 days for VE, respectively. The heritability (h²) estimates across AOPU and THI scales ranged from 0.34 to 0.62 for TO, 0.31 to 0.58 for VO, 0.26 to 0.39 for CE, and 0.15 to 0.26 for VE, respectively. The fraction of the phenotypic variance explained by the permanent environment in different AOPU and THI scales ranged from 0.03 to 0.25 for TO, 0.05 to 0.26 for VO, 0.09 to 0.36 for CE, and 0.15 to 0.27 for VE, respectively. Spearman’s rank correlation between the estimated breeding values in different AOPU and THI scale from the top 5% sires and females ranged from 0.18 to 0.90 for TO, 0.31 to 0.95 for VO, 0.14 to 0.85 for CE, and 0.47 to 0.94 for VE, respectively. The h²estimates for all evaluated traits varied from moderate to high magnitude across AOPU and THI scales, indicating that genetic selection can result in rapid genetic progress for the evaluated traits. There was a reranking among the best animals in different AOPU and THI. It is possible to select dairy Gir cattle tolerant to heat stress to improve oocyte and embryo production.
Effect of low dose prednisone on glucose metabolism levels in patients with spontaneous abortion: a single-center, prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Qiaohong , Bai Wenxin , Li Congcong , Sun Si , Zhang Xiaoxin , Zhao Aimin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of low dose prednisone treatment during pregnancy on blood glucose levels in patients with spontaneous abortion.
Methods: In this single-center, prospective cohort study, patients with a history of spontaneous abortion were enrolled and were assigned to two groups according to whether they were exposed to low dose prednisone during pregnancy. All patients received oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at early pregnancy (before 12th week) and late pregnancy (24-28th week). Fasting serum C-peptide and plasma glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured at the same time. We compared the results of OGTT, fasting serum C-peptide levels and HbA1c levels between the two groups and analyzed the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in early pregnancy and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in late pregnancy.
Result: A total of 355 patients were enrolled and analyzed. No significant difference in OGTT between the two groups were observed in the first trimester (P=0.142). However, patients in the prednisone group showed a significant increase in fasting serum C-peptide (P<0.001). Regarding late pregnancy, although there was no significant difference in OGTT between the two groups (P=0.070), patients in the prednisone group showed a significant increase in 2-h plasma glucose (P=0.010). Patients in the prednisone group also had a higher incidence of GDM compared with the control group (P=0.005). Furthermore, family history of DM and receiving low dose prednisone were significantly associated with higher risk of gestational glycometabolism abnormality and receiving HCQ reduced the risk of that in patients with spontaneous abortion.
Conclusion: Long-term exposure of low dose prednisone during pregnancy could impair postprandial blood glucose and increase the incidence of GDM. Routine monitor of blood glucose and C-peptide levels should be recommended in patients who received prednisone treatment during pregnancy. Family history of DM and exposure to low dose prednisone are both independent risk factors for gestational glycometabolism abnormality while receiving HCQ is a protective one in patients with spontaneous abortion.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trials Registration: ChiCTR2100046455 (16/05/2021).