bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review on efficacy, safety and treatment durability of intravenous immunoglobulin in autoimmune bullous dermatoses: Special focus on indication and combination therapy
Authors: Kianfar Nika , Dasdar Shayan , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Aryanian Zeinab , Goodarzi Azadeh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAutoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) are a group of rare blistering dermatoses of the mucous membrane and/or skin. The efficacy, safety and treatment durability of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) as an alternative treatment should be explored to systematically review the available literature regarding treatment outcomes with IVIg in AIBD patients. The predefined search strategy was incorporated into the following database, MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science on 18 July 2022. Sixty studies were enrolled using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines. The use of IVIg alone or combined with rituximab was reported in 500 patients with pemphigus, 82 patients with bullous pemphigoid, 146 patients with mucous membranes pemphigoid and 19 patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Disease remission with IVIg therapy and RTX + IVIg combination therapy were recorded as 82.8% and 86.7% in pemphigus, 88.0% and 100% in bullous pemphigoid and 91.3% and 75.0% in mucous membrane pemphigoid, respectively. In epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, treatment with IVIg led to 78.6% disease remission; no data were available regarding the treatment with RTX + IVIg in this group of patients. Among all the included patients, 37.5% experienced at least one IVIg‐related side effect; the most common ones were headaches, fever/chills and nausea/vomiting. The use of IVIg with or without rituximab had a favourable clinical response in patients with AIBDs. IVIg has no major influence on the normal immune system, which makes its utilization for patients with AIBDs reasonable.
Marketing strategies in the age of COVID‐19: An Attitude, Belief, Context Approach
Authors: Suttikun Chompoonut , Mahasuweerachai Patcharaporn , Bicksler William Hamilton 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs the COVID‐19 pandemic has severely affected the restaurant industry, the authors sought to test the effects of restaurant image on advocacy and willingness to pay premium prices. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey from a sample of 517 restaurant consumers and analyzed using a covariance‐based structural equation model to test the hypotheses. Results identified the significant influence of social media marketing and promotion of COVID 19 protocols on restaurant image. Status consumption moderated the effects of willingness to pay arising from a positive restaurant image. The Attitude, Behavior, Context (ABC) theory provided theoretical support.
Organisational justice and strain‐based conflict among Nigerian prison officers
Authors: Jenkins Morris , Lambert Eric G. , Elechi O. Oko , Hall Daniel , Otu Smart , Lanterman Jennifer L. , Barrington Claire 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost employees, including prison employees, want their employers to treat them fairly. Distributive justice (perceived fairness of outcomes) and procedural justice (perceived fairness of processes and procedures) are important dimensions of organisational justice. Limited research among correctional staff in the US suggests that views of distributive and procedural justice spill over and result in a strain‐based form of work‐family conflict. Strain‐based conflict occurs when work problems follow a person home and create conflict at home. Based on multivariate regression analysis of survey data from 120 Nigerian prison staff, distributive justice had significant negative effects on the strain‐based form of work‐family conflict. Contrary to findings among US staff, procedural justice did not have a similar significant association. The connection between views of organisational justice and strain‐based work‐family conflict appears to vary by nation.
Primary care management post gestational diabetes in Australia
Authors: Marschner Simone , Cheung N. Wah , Wing‐Lun Edwina , Kazi Samia , Trivedi Ritu , Chow Clara K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWomen with a history of gestational diabetes (GD) have a high risk of developing diabetes and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD).AimTo assess whether diabetes screening and CVD risk screening occurred in general practice (GP) among postpartum women with GD.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of clinical record data of women with GD, under active GP management, from the MedicineInsight programme, run by Australia's National Prescribing Service MedicineWise, with GP sites located in Australia from January 2015 to March 2021. Documentation of screening for diabetes, assessment of lipids and measurement of blood pressure (BP) was assessed using proportions and mixed‐effects logistic regression with a log follow‐up time offset.ResultsThere were 10 413 women, with a mean age of 37.9 years (standard deviation, 7.6), from 406 clinics with a mean follow‐up of 4.6 years (interquartile range, 1.8–6.2 years) A total of 29.41% (3062/10 413; 95% confidence interval [CI], 28.53–30.28) had not been assessed for diabetes, 37.40% (3894/10 413; 95% CI, 36.47–38.32) were not assessed for lipids and 2.19% (228/10 413; 95% CI, 1.91–2.47) had no BP documented. In total, 51.82% (5396/10 413; 95% CI, 50.86–52.78) were screened for all three (diabetes + lipids + BP) at least once. Obesity, comorbidities and dyslipidaemia were associated with increased likelihood of screening. New diabetes diagnosis was documented in 5.73% (597/10 413; 95% CI, 5.29–6.18) of the cohort.ConclusionScreening for diabetes and hyperlipidaemia was suboptimal in this high‐risk cohort of women with prior GD. Improved messaging that women with a GD diagnosis are at high cardiovascular risk may improve subsequent screening.
Combined inhibition of XIAP and autophagy induces apoptosis and differentiation in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Huang Ziyang , Zhou Jifan , Jiang Yinyan , Han Yixiang , Wang Xiaofang , Li Fanfan , Jiang Songfu , Yu Kang , Zhang Shenghui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerturbations in autophagy, apoptosis and differentiation have greatly affected the progression and therapy of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The role of X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)‐related autophagy remains unclear in AML therapeutics. Here, we found that XIAP was highly expressed and associated with poor overall survival in patients with AML. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of XIAP using birinapant or XIAP knockdown via siRNA impaired the proliferation and clonogenic capacity by inducing autophagy and apoptosis in AML cells. Intriguingly, birinapant‐induced cell death was aggravated in combination with ATG5 siRNA or an autophagy inhibitor spautin‐1, suggesting that autophagy may be a pro‐survival signalling. Spautin‐1 further enhanced the ROS level and myeloid differentiation in THP‐1 cells treated with birinapant. The mechanism analysis showed that XIAP interacted with MDM2 and p53, and XIAP inhibition notably downregulated p53, substantially increased the AMPKα1 phosphorylation and downregulated the mTOR phosphorylation. Combined treatment using birinapant and chloroquine significantly retarded AML progression in both a subcutaneous xenograft model injected with HEL cells and an orthotopic xenograft model injected intravenously with C1498 cells. Collectively, our data suggested that XIAP inhibition can induce autophagy, apoptosis and differentiation, and combined inhibition of XIAP and autophagy may be a promising therapeutic strategy for AML.
How consumer networks contribute to sustainable mindful consumption and well‐being
Authors: Teufer Birgit , Grabner‐Kräuter Sonja 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSustainable mindful consumption has positive impacts on the environment and on people's health and well‐being. However, consumption circumstances and social contexts make it difficult for consumers to engage in sustainable mindful behavior. To explore the role of consumer networks in fostering mindful consumption, sustainable behavior, and health and well‐being, interviews and focus groups with consumers, producers, and experts were conducted and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Specifically, this paper contributes in three ways. First, it broadens the focus from individual mindfulness to collective mindfulness in consumption behavior. Second, it explores consumer networks as a way to overcome existing barriers to sustainable consumption and promote mindful consumption. Third, it explores the long‐term benefits of consumer‐producer collaboration to bring about top‐down and bottom‐up approaches to sustainable consumption change, beyond short‐term mindfulness interventions at the individual level.
Retrospective analysis of high‐intensity focused electromagnetic procedure synchronized with radiofrequency energy for visceral fat reduction
Authors: Kent David E. , Jacob Carolyn , Kinney Brian M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundVisceral adipose tissue (VAT), present in the abdominal cavity, oftentimes contributes to an unpleasant aesthetic appearance and can be correlated with serious health issues. High‐intensity focused electromagnetic field (HIFEM) technology with synchronized radiofrequency (RF) was recently used for abdominal body shaping through subcutaneous fat reduction and muscle growth.AimThis study aimed to assess the effect of HIFEM + RF technology on VAT tissue.MethodsData of 16 men and 24 women (22–62 years, 21.2–34.3 kg/cm2) from the original study were retrospectively reviewed. All subjects received three 30‐min HIFEM + RF abdominal treatments once weekly for three consecutive weeks. The VAT area was measured in the axial plane of MRI scans at two levels: L4–L5 vertebrae and 5 cm above this level. The VAT was identified, segmented, and calculated, yielding total area in square centimeters per scan at both specified levels.ResultsBy thoughtful review of the subject's post‐treatment MRI scans, no other changes in the abdominal cavity were found except for VAT. The evaluation showed a VAT reduction of 17.8% (p < 0.001) on average at 3‐month follow‐up, maintaining the results up to 6 months (−17.3%). Averaging the values obtained from both measured levels, the VAT, occupied an area of 100.2 ± 73.3 cm2 at the baseline. At the 3‐month follow‐up, the subjects achieved an average reduction of 17.9 cm2, preserving the results at 6 months (−17.6 ± 17.3 cm).ConclusionThis retrospective analysis of MRI images objectively documented the effect of HIFEM + RF abdominal therapy on VAT. The data indicates considerable VAT reduction without serious adverse events following the HIFEM + RF procedure.
Rural higher education in Colombia: An analysis of public policy evolution
Authors: Guzmán Rincón Alfredo , Barragán Sandra , Cala‐Vitery Favio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEducation can be seen as a driver for social development because people with a higher level of education can access a better income and a better quality of life. The Colombian state has proclaimed various public policies that guarantee this right, especially for rural populations that face more disparities resulting from the internal armed conflict and drug trafficking, among other issues. The purpose of this article is to describe the evolution of public policies for access to rural higher education in Colombia, as well as the starting point of the policies implemented. An interpretative method was adopted to consider the purpose of public policies from various perspectives. The results show that education can be perceived as one of the ways in which states can overcome social disparities in rural areas, which would mean different public policies for access, permanence, and timely graduation to higher education.
Participatory design of a smart forest in the Brazilian Amazon using smartphones, algorithms, and ethnographic methods
Authors: Zhang Shaozeng , da Silva Leonardo Ribeiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article reports on the participatory design of a smart forest project in a state forest reserve in the Brazilian Amazon in collaboration primarily with local community residents and secondarily with forest reserve managers and environmental scientists. The Smart Forest project was collectively proposed to use low‐cost digital technologies for forest‐carbon monitoring and sustainable development. Our research includes a feasibility test and impact assessment of the proposed components of the Smart Forest. It combines ethnographic fieldwork methods, such as interviews and focus groups on using recycled smartphones and sound‐recognition algorithms to remotely detect illegal logging, with innovative methods, such as field experiments using an open‐source smartphone app for participatory mapping of local traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). Our research findings, including unexpected ones, are helpful for community development, continuous participatory design, and academic research. This research was developed based on the first author Zhang's multiyear ethnographic field research in Amazonia and on the second author de Silva's local life experiences and action‐research interests.
Practical considerations for the use of SGLT‐2 inhibitors in the Asia–Pacific countries—An expert consensus statement
Authors: Liew Adrian , Lydia Aida , Matawaran Bien J. , Susantitaphong Paweena , Tran Huong Thi Bich , Lim Lee Ling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecent clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of SGLT‐2 inhibitors in reducing the risks of cardiovascular and renal events in both patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Consequently, many international guidelines have begun advocating for the use of SGLT‐2 inhibitors for the purpose of organ protection rather than as simply a glucose‐lowering agent. However, despite the consistent clinical benefits and available strong guideline recommendations, the utilization of SGLT‐2 inhibitors have been unexpectedly low in many countries, a trend which is much more noticeable in low resource settings. Unfamiliarity with the recent focus in their organ protective role and clinical indications; concerns with potential adverse effects of SGLT‐2 inhibitors, including acute kidney injury, genitourinary infections, euglycemic ketoacidosis; and their safety profile in elderly populations have been identified as deterring factors to their more widespread use. This review serves as a practical guide to clinicians managing patients who could benefit from SGLT‐2 inhibitors treatment and instill greater confidence in the initiation of these drugs, with the aim of optimizing their utilization rates in high‐risk populations.
Comparing the physical and mechanical properties of different biocompatible three‐dimensional resin materials in possible use of dental appliances: An in vitro study
Authors: Aksoy Merve , Topsakal Kübra Gülnur , Bal Cenkhan , Akdeniz Berat Serdar , Duran Gökhan Serhat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the colour stability, water sorption, microhardness and water contact angle of two different 3D printing systems (SLA and DLP) in a possible use of producing paediatric and orthodontic dental appliances.Materials and MethodsSLA and DLP printer systems produced a total of 160 disk samples with a diameter of 15.00 mm and a height of 2.00 mm. Colour changes of 64 samples were assessed in distilled water, coffee, coke and cherry juice and Vicker's microhardness tests were also conducted. Solubility and water sorption were held following the water contact angle assessment. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software. Mann–Whitney‐U test, Friedman test and Bonferroni post hoc Multiple Comparison Test were performed.ResultsIn DLP and SLA groups, coffee had a statistically significant colouring effect regarding the assessment periods (P = .001, 20.09 ± 2.96, 22.09 ± 3.51, respectively), and the discolouration effect of coffee was higher in the SLA group at all endpoints (P < .05). At the same time, DLP was more affected by coke solution in T0‐T1 and T0‐T7 (P < .05). The values of water sorption showed statistically significant differences in the group of DLP compared to the SLA (P = .01, 121.11 ± 10.54, 92.78 ± 8.70, respectively). No statistical significance was detected between the solubility values and water contact angle of SLA and DLP groups. The SLA printer's microhardness values revealed statistically significantly higher values than the DLP group (P = .001) and a decrease was detected following the immersion period in the microhardness values of the SLA group (P = .022).ConclusionThe compared groups exposed to staining solutions revealed colour changes above the clinically acceptable values at all periods (ΔE00 = 2.25).
The Comparison between Cemented and Uncemented Hemiarthroplasty in Patients with Femoral Neck Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: He Yue , Tang Xiumei , Liao Yan , Liu Shihua , Li Lingli , Li Pengcheng 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundHemiarthroplasty is the standard treatment for patients with femoral neck fractures (FNFs). Controversy exists over the use of bone cement in hip fractures treated with hemiarthroplasty.ObjectiveWe performed an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis to compare cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty in patients with femoral neck fractures.MethodsA literature review was conducted using Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wang Fang, and Sino Med databases. Studies comparing cemented with uncemented hemiarthroplasty for FNFs in elderly patients up to June 2022 were included. Data were extracted, meta‐analyzed, and pooled as risk ratios (RRs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsTwenty‐four RCTs involving 3471 patients (1749 cement; 1722 uncemented) were analyzed. Patients with cemented intervention had better outcomes regarding hip function, pain, and complications. Significant differences were found in terms of HHS at 6 weeks (WMD 12.5; 95% CI 6.0–17.0; P < 0.001), 3 months (WMD 3.3; 95% CI 1.6–5.0; P < 0.001), 4 months (WMD 7.3; 95% CI 3.4–11.2; P < 0.001), and 6 months (WMD 4.6; 95% CI 3.3–5.8; P < 0.001) postoperatively. Patients with cemented hemiarthroplasty had lower rates of pain (RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.39–0.9; P = 0.013), prosthetic fracture (RR 0.24; 95% CI 0.16–0.38; P < 0.001), subsidence/loosening (RR 0.29; 95% CI 0.11–0.78; P = 0.014), revisions (RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.40–0.89; P = 0.012), and pressure ulcers (RR 0.43; 95% CI 0.23–0.82; P = 0.01) at the expense of longer surgery time (WMD 7.87; 95% CI 5.71–10.02; P < 0.001).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis demonstrated that patients with cemented hemiarthroplasty had better results in hip function and pain relief and lower complication rates at the expense of prolonged surgery time. Cemented hemiarthroplasty is recommended based on our findings.
The Relation between the Dynamization of Hexapod Circular External Fixator and Tibial Mechanical Properties
Authors: Mao Yunsheng , Lin Qing , Yang Qinghua 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveDynamization of the external fixator, defined as gradually decreasing construct‐stability of the fixator, is widely accepted as a method for treatment during the late phase of the bone healing process. However, the dynamization is mostly based on the subjective experience of orthopaedists at present, without unified standards and a clear theoretical basis. The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of the dynamization operations on the tibial mechanical properties with a hexapod circular external fixator and standardize the dynamization process.MethodsA 3D‐printed tibial defects model with Young's modulus of 10.5 GPa and Poisson's ratio of 0.32 simulated the clinically fractured bone. A 10 × ∅ 45 mm silicone sample with Young's modulus of 2.7 MPa and Poisson's ratio of 0.32 simulated the callus in the fracture site. Furthermore, a hexapod circular external fixator whose struts were coded from #1 to #6 was fixed on the model with six half‐pins (5 mm diameter). Corresponding to the action of removing and loosening the struts, 17 dynamization operations are designed. For each construct after different dynamization operations, the mechanical environment changes in the fracture site were recorded by a triaxle forces sensor under gradually increasing external load from 0 to 500 N.ResultsThe results show that the bone axial load‐sharing ratio of each construct in the removal group was generally higher than that in the loosening group. The ratio increased from 92.51 ± 0.74% to 102.68 ± 0.27% with the number of operated struts rising from 2 to 6. Besides, the constructions with the same number of operated struts but with different strut codes such as constructions 3–5, had similar bone axial load‐sharing ratios. In addition, the proposed dynamization method of the hexapod circular external fixator can gradually increase the bone axial load‐sharing ratio from 90.73 ± 0.19% to 102.68 ± 0.27% and maintain the bone radial load‐sharing ratio below 8%.ConclusionThe laboratory study verified the effects of the type of operations and the number of operated struts on the bone axial load‐sharing ratio, as well as the slight influence of the choice of the strut code. Besides, a dynamization method of the hexapod circular external fixator was proposed to increase the bone axial load‐sharing ratio gradually.
Modified Total en Bloc Spondylectomy with Self‐Made Intervertebral Hook Blade in Spinal Tumors: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Wangzhe , Zhang Kun , Lv Jia , Bai Junjun , Li Jian , Tian Qiaoqiao , Wang Yushan , Lv Zhi , Feng Yi 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTotal en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is an important surgical treatment for spinal tumors that can achieve en bloc resection of the affected vertebral body by using the T‐saw. However, the conventional TES process and the surgical instruments currently in use have some inconveniences, which may lead to longer operative times and a higher incidence of complications. To address these obstacles, we developed a modified TES technique using a homemade intervertebral hook blade. The objectives of this study were to describe our modified total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) using a homemade intervertebral hook blade and to assess its clinical effects in patients with spinal tumors.MethodsTwenty‐three consecutive patients with spinal tumors were included from September 2018 to November 2021. Eleven patients underwent a modified TES using an intervertebral hook blade, and 12 patients underwent a conventional TES using a wire saw. Details of the modified technique for TES were depicted, and the intraoperative blood loss, operative time, and improvement in pain symptom and neurological function measured by visual analog score (VAS) and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score of all patients was reviewed and analyzed. Nonparametric analysis of covariates (ANCOVA) was performed to compare the clinical outcomes between patients treated with modified TES and conventional TES.ResultsThe modified TES significantly reduced operative time (F = 7.935, p = 0.010) and achieved favorable improvement of neurological function (F = 0.570, p = 0.459) and relief of pain (F = 3.196, p = 0.088) compared with the conventional TES group. The mean intraoperative blood loss in the modified TES group (2381.82 ml) was lower than that in the conventional TES group (3558.33 ml), although the difference was not statistically significant (F = 0.677, p = 0.420).ConclusionsModified TES using the intervertebral hook blade can effectively reduce the operation time and intraoperative bleeding, and meanwhile ensure the improvement of neurological function and relief of pain symptoms, suggesting that this modified technique is feasible, safe, and effective for spinal tumors.