bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Going all the way in the search for WIMP dark matter at the muon collider through precision measurements
Authors: Franceschini Roberto , Zhao Xiaoran 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDark Matter is a necessary ingredient for a complete theory of Nature, which has so far remained elusive in laboratory searches for new particles. Searches at current and future colliders are in principle a promising way to search for electroweak charged dark matter particles, but the sensitivity of experiments at the LHC and future pp colliders falls short to fully probe the whole mass range allowed for electroweak charged dark matter particles, which extends in principle up to the O(0.1) PeV. In this work we examine the effect of on-shell and off-shell propagation of electroweak charged thermal dark matter particles on integrated and differential rates of several Standard Model final states at the muon collider, considering candidates from weak 2-plet at the TeV scale up to 7-plet and 9-plet in the O(0.1) PeV ballpark. For fermionic WIMPs we find that all dark matter candidates with $$n\le 5$$

n
≤
5

, corresponding to a thermal mass up to 14 TeV, can be probed at the high-energy muon collider for some center-of-mass energy at or below 14 TeV. For the $$n>5$$

n
>
5

WIMPs our results show that higher energy muon colliders offer a route to conclusively probe both scalar and fermionic WIMPs off-shell production all the way up to the perturbativity bound for WIMP dark matter at O(0.1) PeV. Our results bring WIMPs over the whole allowed mass range in the realm of collider searches and motivate research and development for the realization of a high energy muon collider.
Strategic Vigilance: Mao's “Anti-Peaceful Evolution” Strategy and China's Policy toward the United States, 1959–1976
Authors: Zhang Yang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In late 1959, Mao Zedong publicly articulated his Anti-Peaceful Evolution strategy in response to U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles's promotion of the “peaceful evolution toward democracy” in a series of recent speeches. Mao's new strategy, which was heavily influenced by the internal and external pressures he faced, became the ideological foundation of his ultra-radical, uncompromising policy toward the United States. This article analyzes the influence of his anti-revisionist ideology and permanent revolution theory, as well as the distorting effects of incoming information. Mao was intent on countering Dulles and undercutting U.S. foreign policy more broadly.
Keertanam and Bhajanam: The Faith (Literacy) Practices of the Telugu Community in Plural Mauritius
Authors: Venkanah Srutee , Auleear Owodally Ambarin Mooznah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Telugu community, an ethno-religious minority community in Mauritius, uses and teaches Keertanam and Bhajanam (devotional songs in Telugu, an imagined ancestral language) as part of its faith practices. The present exploratory study, focusing on Keertanam and Bhajanam classes in one village temple, investigates the connection between faith practices, faith literacy practices, ancestral languages, and identities in that setting. Data were collected through participant observation, informal conversations with members of the community, and artifacts. The data indicate that the members of the observed Telugu community are endeavoring to revivify and reinvigorate an (imagined) ancestral language (in its oral and written forms) by using a faith practice that has been passed down generations and by drawing on the scriptal resources at their disposal. We argue that members of the observed Telugu community use these strategies to maintain, articulate, and publicly display their ethno-religio-linguistic identity and distinctiveness within the larger Hindu community in Mauritius.
Do Different Majority Languages Lead to Different Intonational Grammars? A Case Study of Yes/No-Questions in Heritage Russian
Authors: Zuban Yulia , Rathcke Tamara , Zerbian Sabine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Based on production data of yes/no-questions (YNQ), our research shows that the intonational grammar of YNQ s of heritage speakers of Russian in the United States and in Germany differs from the one of monolingual speakers in various aspects, namely considering the number of additional pitch accents on subjects and objects, the preference for H* on subjects, and, in the case of heritage speakers in the United States, an increased use of upstepped accents on the verb, a lower rate of H%, and a different alignment of rising pitch accents in intransitive questions. The differences can be categorized as differences of phonetic implementation and frequency of use. They cannot easily be attributed to transfer from the majority languages. Rather, the increased use of upsteps on the verb can be characterized as a compensation strategy to make the pitch accent on the verb the most prominent, even if an earlier accent has been realized on the subject.
Corporate Due Diligence and Reporting Requirements for Climate Change and Human Rights
Authors: Studdert Jacinta , Govender Valencia , Spies Johann , Jarque Branguli Marta , Nievas Sofia , Roca Silva Maria Fernanda , Zhu Wen , Diebschlag Pryderi , Sassine Remi , Cilliers Wim , Swart Kate , Szuniewicz-Wenzel Milena , Hill-Smith Sarah , Wolters Saskia , Wang Catherine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Human rights, climate and nature-related corporate due diligence and reporting requirements differ around the world. In this article, we examine the legal and regulatory landscape that businesses are faced with in the following eight jurisdictions: (i) Australia; (ii) Chile; (iii) Mainland China; (iv) Hong Kong; (v) Colombia; (vi) France; (vii) South Africa; and (viii) the United Kingdom. We also provide a snapshot of key climate and sustainability-related legal developments in these jurisdictions, including important climate litigation and new legislation. Our findings indicate that reporting standards and regulatory requirements are evolving in each jurisdiction, and they show that a further increase in climate-related litigation is anticipated across these jurisdictions.
Nature-Based Solution to Man-Made Problems: Fostering the Uptake of Phytoremediation and Low-iluc Biofuels in the EU
Authors: Fermeglia Matteo , Perišić Marko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Soil contamination represents a major global environmental threat. Only in the European Union, around 340.000 contaminated sites are inventoried. At the same time, the need to foster the uptake of sustainable biofuels to curb greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector is one of the pillars of the EU’s climate action to achieve the overarching goals set under the European Climate Law and the Renewable Energy Directive. Against this backdrop, nature-based solutions for soil remediation are increasingly being advocated as sustainable options to enhance soil biodiversity while addressing soil contamination in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and, in the EU, the European Green Deal and the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. Among several nature-based soil remediation techniques, phytoremediation consists of the use of plants and their associated microbes to stabilise, degrade, volatilise and extract soil pollutants. Furthermore, the non-food biomass generated as a result of phytoremediation could provide a meaningful low Indirect Land Use Change (iluc) feedstock for the production of advanced biofuels to reduce climate change.
This paper addresses the policy and legal background surrounding the uptake of phytoremediation and recovery of output materials focusing on existing roadblocks currently hampering the full-scale adoption of such a complex yet inherently circular value chain. The paper concludes that meaningful steps must yet be taken to properly embed nature-based soil remediation techniques, such as phytoremediation, in the current legal framework and to ensure social ownership of the same to maximise its environmental benefits.
An Arabic-Greek Codex of Ptolemy’s Handy Tables from the Eighth Century
Authors: Giuffrida Giuliano , Németh András , Proverbio Delio Vania 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A Greek copy of Ptolemy’s Handy Tables and an Arabic translation of Theon’s Short Commentary on them survive as undertexts in the palimpsest manuscript Vat. sir. 623. pt. 2. The parchment leaves containing these texts were recycled into a new codex at the Monastery of St. Catherine on Sinai in the late ninth century, but they belonged to the same original manuscript and are considered the only surviving witnesses to the project of translating Greek thought into Arabic at the so-called “House of Wisdom” in Baghdad during the second half of the eighth century. In order to show the importance of this startling discovery made in the Vatican Library, the article not only includes an historical, codicological, and paleographical examination of the erased texts and repurposed folios, but also presents an astronomical explanation of the theories and calculations they contain. The article highlights the list of Greek-Arabic winds and its link to Ptolemy’s Horizon Diagram, as well as stresses the continued applicability of Ptolemy and Theon’s presentations. It further argues for a reconsideration of the meaning of an ancient theory of the “inclinations” that the Sun and the Moon (or the Moon and the Earth’s shadow) create during eclipses, the phenomenon which is called prosneusis.
Outcomes of Protocol-Driven Venous Thromboembolic Chemo-Prophylaxis in Trauma Patients: A Trauma Quality Improvement Project Analysis
Authors: Kyros Peter N. , Sheppard Forest R. , Sawhney Jaswin S. , Cullinane Daniel C. , Falank Carolyne R. , Smith Kathryn E. , Ontengco Julianne B. , Turner Elizabeth N. , Chung Bruce , Shurtleff Eric , Morse Bryan C. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the standard for venous thromboembolic (VTE) chemo-prophylaxis in trauma patients; however, inconsistencies in the use of LMWH exist. The objective of this study was to assess VTE outcomes in response to a chemo-prophylaxis protocol guided by patient physiology (eg, creatinine clearance) and comorbidities. Methods ACS TQIP Benchmark Reports at a level 1 trauma center using a patient physiology and comorbidity directed VTE chemo-prophylaxis protocol were analyzed for Spring 2019 to Fall 2021. Patient demographics, VTE rates and pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis type were collected for “All Patients” and “Elderly” (TQIP: age ≥ 55 years) cohorts. Results Data was analyzed for 1919183 “All Hospitals” (AH) and 5843 patients single institution (SI) using the physiologic and comorbidity guided VTE chemo-prophylaxis protocol. Elderly subgroup had 701965 (AH) and 2939 (SI) patients. Use of non-LMWH chemo-prophylaxis was significantly higher at SI: All patients = 62.6% SI vs 22.1% ( P < .01); Elderly = 68.8% SI vs 28.1% AH ( P < .01). VTE, DVT, and PE rates for All Patients and Elderly subgroup were significantly reduced at SI, except Elderly PE which was statistically equivalent. Conclusions Protocol-driven VTE chemo-prophylaxis was associated with significantly lower LMWH use accompanied by significant reductions in All VTE, DVT, PE, and Elderly VTE and DVT with no difference in Elderly PE rates. These results may imply that adherence to a physiologic and comorbidity directed chemo-prophylaxis protocol, rather than LMWH, reduces VTE events in trauma patients. Further investigation to elucidate best practice is warranted.
Effect of Sarcopenia on Coronary Atherosclerotic Burden, Lesion Complexity, and Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 1-year Follow-up Study
Authors: Erkan Merve , Zengin İsmet , Bekircavuşoğlu Süleyman , Topal Dursun , Bulut Turhan , Erkan Hakan 
Published: June 2023

Sarcopenia is accepted as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, its effects on clinical coronary atherosclerotic burden and lesion complexity and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in elderly patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are unknown. Therefore, we evaluated these possible effects. Coronary artery disease (CAD) burden and complexity were assessed using the Gensini and TAXus and cardiac surgery (SYNTAX) score, respectively. MACE involving nonfatal myocardial infarction, rehospitalization, ischemic stroke, and total mortality were evaluated after 1 year of the index NSTEMI event. The study included 240 elderly patients; of these, 60 (25%) patients had sarcopenia. The SYNTAX score and Gensini score were similar in both groups (16.8 ± 8.7 vs 17.3 ± 9.2, P = .63 and 67.7 ± 43.9 vs 73.9 ± 45.5, P = .31, respectively). The total MACE rate was significantly higher in patients with sarcopenia than in those without sarcopenia (31.7 vs 14.4%, P = .003). In the multivariate model, age [odds ratio (OR) 1.112, 95% CI: 1.006–1.228, P = .04)], ejection fraction (OR: .923, 95% CI: .897–.951, P < .001), and sarcopenia (OR: 2.262, 95% CI: 1.039–4.924, P = .04) were independently associated with MACE. Sarcopenia was independently associated with MACE but not with CAD burden or complexity in elderly patients with NSTEMI.
Cultural competency and mental health training for medical students: Learning from refugees and asylum seekers
Authors: Silver Charlotte , Williams Sara , Forty Liz 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Studies suggest that healthcare professionals often feel unprepared to deal with mental health issues in refugees and asylum seekers. The aim of this qualitative study was to examine the experiences of refugees and asylum seekers in relation to mental health and healthcare, to inform cultural competency training for undergraduate medical students. Method: Focus groups were conducted with 16 refugees and asylum seekers and staff from relevant charity organisations in Wales. We explored participants’ experiences in relation to mental health and healthcare, and training for healthcare professionals. The data were thematically analysed using an inductive approach. Results: Three overarching themes were identified: (1) recognition of the specific mental health needs of refugees and asylum seekers, (2) barriers preventing effective mental healthcare delivery for refugees and asylum seekers and (3) authentic learning experiences for medical students. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to actively involve refugees and asylum seekers, along with individuals who work closely with this population, in considering the development of cultural competency training for healthcare students and professionals in relation to mental health. If we are to reduce the risks of exclusion from healthcare for refugees and asylum seekers, training in this area is essential. Findings from this study have informed the development of a guide for healthcare educators with a focus on refugee and asylum seeker mental health.
Predicting Fatigue-Associated Aberrant Driving Behaviors Using a Dynamic Weighted Moving Average Model With a Long Short-Term Memory Network Based on Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Yu , Cheong He-in , Houghton Robert , Hsu Wen-Hua , Lee Kang-Yun , Kang Jiunn-Horng , Kuan Yi-Chun , Lee Hsin-Chien , Wu Cheng-Jung , Li Lok-Yee Joyce , Lin Yin-Tzu , Lin Shang-Yang , Manole Iulia , Majumdar Arnab , Liu Wen-Te 
Published: June 2023

Objective This study proposed a moving average (MA) approach to dynamically process heart rate variability (HRV) and developed aberrant driving behavior (ADB) prediction models by using long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Background Fatigue-associated ADBs have traffic safety implications. Numerous models to predict such acts based on physiological responses have been developed but are still in embryonic stages. Method This study recorded the data of 20 commercial bus drivers during their routine tasks on four consecutive days and subsequently asked them to complete questionnaires, including subjective sleep quality, driver behavior questionnaire and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Driving behaviors and corresponding HRV were determined using a navigational mobile application and a wristwatch. The dynamic-weighted MA (DWMA) and exponential-weighted MA were used to process HRV in 5-min intervals. The data were independently separated for training and testing. Models were trained with 10-fold cross-validation strategy, their accuracies were evaluated, and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values were used to determine feature importance. Results Significant increases in the standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive heartbeat interval differences (RMSSD), and normalized spectrum of high frequency (nHF) were observed in the pre-event stage. The DWMA-based model exhibited the highest accuracy for both driver types (urban: 84.41%; highway: 80.56%). The SDNN, RMSSD, and nHF demonstrated relatively high SHAP values. Conclusion HRV metrics can serve as indicators of mental fatigue. DWMA-based LSTM could predict the occurrence of the level of fatigue associated with ADBs. Application The established models can be used in realistic driving scenarios.
Challenges in determining death by neurologic criteria in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation – A single center experience
Authors: Zhao David X , Caturegli Giorgio , Wilcox Christopher , Stephens R Scott , Kim Bo Soo , Keller Steven , Geocadin Romergryko G , Suarez Jose I , Whitman Glenn JR , Cho Sung-Min 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Apnea test (AT) in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support is challenging, leading to variation in determining death by neurologic criteria (DNC). We aim to describe the diagnostic criteria and barriers for DNC in adults on ECMO in a tertiary care center. Methods A retrospective review of a prospective observational standardized neuromonitoring study was conducted in adult VA- and VV-ECMO patients at a tertiary center from June 2016 to March 2022. Brain death was defined according to the 2010 American Academy of Neurology guidelines and following the 2020 World Brain Death Project recommendations for performing AT in ECMO patients. Results Eight (2.7%) ECMO patients (median age = 44 years, 75% male, 50% VA-ECMO) met criteria for DNC, six (75%) of whom were determined with AT. In the other two patients who did not undergo AT due to safety concerns, ancillary tests (transcranial doppler and electroencephalography) were consistent with DNC. An additional seven (2.3%) patients (median age = 55 years, 71% male, 86% VA-ECMO) were noted to have absent brainstem reflexes but failed to complete determination of DNC as they underwent withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) before a full evaluation was completed. In these patients, AT was never performed, and ancillary tests were inconsistent with either neurological exam findings and/or neuroimaging supporting DNC, or with each other. Conclusion AT was used safely and successfully in 6 of the 8 ECMO patients diagnosed with DNC and was always consistent with the neurological exam and imaging findings, as opposed to ancillary tests alone.
Valproic acid accelerates skin wound healing in mice via its anti-inflammatory and apoptotic cell clearance-promoting effects
Authors: Chen Hong , Liang Feihong , Fu Chudi , Wang Zhao , Zhang Zhiren 
Published: June 2023

Objective To investigate the effects of valproic acid (VPA) on skin wound healing in mice. Methods Full-thickness wounds were created in mice, and then VPA was applied. The wound areas were quantified daily. In the wounds, granulation tissue growth, epithelialization, collagen deposition, and the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured; furthermore, apoptotic cells were labeled. In vitro, VPA was added to RAW 264.7 cells (macrophages) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, and apoptotic Jurkat cells were cocultured with the VPA-pretreated macrophages. Then, phagocytosis was analyzed, and the mRNA levels of phagocytosis-associated molecules and inflammatory cytokines were measured in the macrophages. Results VPA application significantly accelerated wound closure, granulation tissue growth, collagen deposition, and epithelialization. In wounds, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were decreased by VPA, whereas those of IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β1 were increased. Additionally, VPA reduced the number of apoptotic cells. In vitro, VPA inhibited the inflammatory activation of macrophages and promoted the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages. Conclusion VPA accelerated skin wound healing, which could be partly attributable to its anti-inflammatory and apoptotic cell clearance-promoting effects, indicating that VPA could be a promising candidate for enhancing skin wound healing.
Studies on intramedullary nailing over 40 years by science mapping method
Authors: Horoz Levent , Cakmak Mehmet Fevzi 
Published: June 2023

Background and objective As the amount of knowledge in literature continues to increase. Seeing research as a whole and determining its development and direction has become increasingly difficult. To overcome this challenge, new methods are needed. Among the methods developed, bibliometric methods that allow for evaluating research models from different perspectives and identifying collaborations stand out. This article it is aimed to identify the main research themes and trends, highlight the gaps in the literature, and explore the potential for research in this field. Methods Bibliometric analyses are conducted in databases that contain high-quality data. In this regard, the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) was chosen in our study. The search was covered the years between 1982–2022. A total of 2556 articles. In our research, articles were examined in two sections. The first section provides an overview of articles on the intramedullary nailing. In the second stage, content analyses were conducted. Results A total of 2556 articles were published in 352 journals. The total number of authors is 8992, and the average citation per article is 18.87. The United States, China, and England are the top three countries. Based on the H-index most influential authors are Schemitsch EH and Bhandari M. The Injury-International Journal of the Care of the Injured journal has published 10.44% of all articles. Conclusion Our study sheds light on the 40-year development dynamics of intramedullary nailing.
Are Surprise Questions and Probabilistic Questions by Nurses Useful in Home Palliative Care? A Prospective Study
Authors: Suh Sang-Yeon , Yoon Seok-Joon , Lin Cheng-Pei , Hui David 
Published: June 2023

Background: Surprise questions (SQs) are used as screening tools in palliative care. Probabilistic questions (PQs) are more accurate than temporal predictions. However, no study has examined the usefulness of SQs and PQs assessed by nurses. Objectives: To examine the accuracy of nurses’ SQ and PQ assessments in patients with advanced cancer receiving home palliative care. Design: A prospective single-center cohort study. Setting/Subjects: Adult patients with advanced cancer who received palliative care at home in South Korea between 2019 and 2020. Measurements: Palliative care specialized nurses were asked the SQ, “Would you be surprised if the patient died in a specific timeframe?” and PQ, “What is the probability that this patient will be alive (0 to 100%) within a specific timeframe?” at the 1-, 2-, 4-, and 6-week timeframes at enrollment. We calculated the sensitivities and specificities of the SQs and PQs. Results: 81 patients were recruited with 47 days of median survival. The sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy (OA) of the 1-week SQ were 50.0, 93.2, and 88.9%, respectively. The accuracies for the 1-week PQ were 12.5, 100.0, and 91.3%, respectively. The 6-week SQ showed sensitivity, specificity, and OA of 84.6, 42.9, and 62.9%, respectively; the accuracies for the 6-week PQ were 59.0, 66.7, and 63.0%, respectively. Conclusion: The SQ and PQ showed acceptable accuracy in home palliative care patients. Interestingly, PQ showed higher specificity than SQ at all timeframes. The SQ and PQ assessed by nurses may be useful in providing additional prognostic information for home palliative care.