bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population mortality impacts of the rising cost of living in Scotland: scenario modelling study
Authors: Richardson Elizabeth , McCartney Gerry , Taulbut Martin , Douglas Margaret , Craig Neil 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionTo inform policymaking, it is important to understand the population health impacts of recent increased inflation, and of measures implemented to mitigate these.MethodsWe used scenario modelling to estimate (a) how recent increased inflation would affect household incomes in Scotland, (b) how mitigation measures would modify these effects and (c) how mortality outcomes and inequalities in these would change as a result. Against a long-term average inflation scenario (baseline), we compared unmitigated recent inflation and inflation mitigated by UK Government support policies. We estimated differential price inflation by income quintile, based on the proportion of household spending on different goods and services. Using differential inflation rates, we estimated change in spending power (real income) for 2704 Scottish households in the 2015/16 Family Resources Survey, both with and without mitigating UK Government policies, and scaled these to the Scottish population. We estimated mortality effects using a cross-sectional relationship between household income and mortality, by deprivation quintile.ResultsUnmitigated price inflation was 14.9% for the highest income quintile and 22.9% for the lowest. UK Government policies partially mitigated impacts of the rising cost of living on real incomes, although households in the most deprived areas of Scotland would still be £1400 per year worse off than at baseline. As a result, even with mitigating measures in place, premature mortality was estimated to increase by up to 6.4%, and life expectancy to decrease by up to 0.9%. Effects would be greater in more deprived areas, and health inequalities would increase as a result.ConclusionsLarge and inequitable impacts on mortality in Scotland are predicted if real-terms income reductions are sustained. Progressive Cost of Living Support payments are not sufficient to offset the mortality impacts of the greater real income reductions in deprived areas.
Precancerous nature of intestinal metaplasia with increased chance of conversion and accelerated DNA methylation
Authors: Takeuchi Chihiro , Yamashita Satoshi , Liu Yu-Yu , Takeshima Hideyuki , Sasaki Akiko , Fukuda Masahide , Hashimoto Taiki , Naka Tomoaki , Ishizu Kenichi , Sekine Shigeki , Yoshikawa Takaki , Hamada Akinobu , Yamamichi Nobutake , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro , Ushijima Toshikazu 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThe presence of intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a risk factor for gastric cancer. However, it is still controversial whether IM itself is precancerous or paracancerous. Here, we aimed to explore the precancerous nature of IM by analysing epigenetic alterations.DesignGenome-wide DNA methylation analysis was conducted by EPIC BeadArray using IM crypts isolated by Alcian blue staining. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing for H3K27ac and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin by sequencing were conducted using IM mucosa.NOS2was induced using Tet-on gene expression system in normal cells.ResultsIM crypts had a methylation profile unique from non-IM crypts, showing extensive DNA hypermethylation in promoter CpG islands, including those of tumour-suppressor genes. Also, the IM-specific methylation profile, namely epigenetic footprint, was present in a fraction of gastric cancers with a higher frequency than expected, and suggested to be associated with good overall survival. IM organoids had remarkably highNOS2expression, andNOS2induction in normal cells led to accelerated induction of aberrant DNA methylation, namely epigenetic instability, by increasing DNA methyltransferase activity. IM mucosa showed dynamic enhancer reprogramming, including the regions involved in higherNOS2expression.NOS2had open chromatin in IM cells but not in gastric cells, and IM cells had frequent closed chromatin of tumour-suppressor genes, indicating their methylation-silencing.NOS2expression in IM-derived organoids was upregulated by interleukin-17A, a cytokine secreted by extracellular bacterial infection.ConclusionsIM cells were considered to have a precancerous nature potentially with an increased chance of converting into cancer cells, and an accelerated DNA methylation induction due to abnormalNOS2expression.
Early palliative care versus usual haematological care in multiple myeloma: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Giusti Davide , Colaci Elisabetta , Pioli Valeria , Banchelli Federico , Maccaferri Monica , Leonardi Giovanna , Marasca Roberto , Morselli Monica , Forghieri Fabio , Bettelli Francesca , Cuoghi Angela , Bresciani Paola , Messerotti Andrea , Gilioli Andrea , Candoni Anna , Cassanelli Luca , Sbadili Elena , Bassoli Ilaria , Longo Giuseppe , Gilioli Fabio , Borelli Eleonora , Bigi Sarah , D'Amico Roberto , Porro Carlo Adolfo , Odejide Oreofe , Zimmermann Camilla , Efficace Fabio , Bruera Eduardo , Luppi Mario , Bandieri Elena , Potenza Leonardo 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesAlthough early palliative care (EPC) is beneficial in acute myeloid leukaemia, little is known about EPC value in multiple myeloma (MM). We compared quality indicators for palliative and end-of-life (EOL) care in patients with MM receiving EPC with those of patients who received usual haematological care (UHC).MethodsThis observational, retrospective study was based on 290 consecutive patients with MM. The following indicators were abstracted: providing psychological support, assessing/managing pain, discussing goals of care, promoting advance care plan, accessing home care services; no anti-MM treatment within 14 and 30 days and hospice length of stay >7 days before death; no cardiopulmonary resuscitation, no intubation, <2 hospitalisations and emergency department visits within 30 days before death. Comparisons were performed using unadjusted and confounder-adjusted regression models.Results55 patients received EPC and 231 UHC. Compared with UHC patients, EPC patients had a significantly higher number of quality indicators of care (mean 2.62±1.25 vs 1.12±0.95; p<0.0001)); a significant reduction of pain intensity over time (p<0.01) and a trend towards reduced aggressiveness at EOL, with the same survival (5.3 vs 5.46 years; p=0.74)).ConclusionsOur data support the value of integrating EPC into MM routine practice and lay the groundwork for future prospective comparative studies.
Tides across thin-shells: differences between spacetimes with one and two asymptotic regions
Authors: Rubín de Celis E. , Simeone C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTraversability across thin shells is investigated, with special attention devoted to the difference in tides related with different global properties of the geometries. While we have recently associated curvature jumps across infinitely thin shells to troublesome tides and consequent very restrictive conditions for a safe travel across a throat satisfying the flare-out condition in spacetimes with two asymptotic regions, now we find that analogous problems can be significantly reduced or even cancelled across shells joining an inner with an outer submanifold of spacetimes with one asymptotic region. We also show that, within this framework, cylindrical shells present an advantage over spherical shells.
Energy loss of monopolium in a medium
Authors: Fanchiotti Huner , Canal Carlos A. García , Vento Vicente 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study the energy loss of excited monopolium in an atomic medium. We perform a classical calculation in line with a similar calculation performed for charged particles which leads in the non-relativistic limit to the Bethe–Bloch formula except for the density dependence of the medium, which we do not consider in this paper. Our result shows that for maximally deformed Rydberg states, the ionization of monopolium in a light atomic medium is similar to that of light ions.
Intelligent controller based WECS fed unified power flow conditioner for PQ enhancement
Authors: Kumar Polishetty Vinay , Ganapathi Balamurugan , Kartigeyan Jayaraman 
Published: September 2023

<p>The dominance of non-linear loads, sustainable energy sources and power electronic devices in modern power system has in turn compromised the system stability by introducing numerous power quality (PQ) issues. A wind energy conversion system (WECS) fed unified power flow conditioner (UPFC) architecture is suggested in this work since maintaining optimal PQ is important for both the supply authorities and customers. The proposed approach supports both clean energy generation and PQ enhancement. The UPFC aids with accomplishing control over reactive power flow, active power flow, phase angle, impedance and voltage. The reference current for the UPFC is generated using DQ theory. Moreover, a shunt and series compensators of an UPFC are controlled using cascaded fuzzy logic controller (CFLC). The stability of the DC voltage obtained from doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based WECS is also controlled using a CFLC. The simulation model for the presented WECS fed UPFC is developed in MATLAB and its performance is evaluated.</p>
Oatp (Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide)-Mediated Transport: A Mechanism for Atorvastatin Neuroprotection in Stroke
Authors: Williams Erica I. , Betterton Robert D. , Stanton Joshua A. , Moreno-Rodriguez Valeria M. , Lochhead Jeffrey J. , Davis Thomas P. , Ronaldson Patrick T. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Drug discovery for stroke is challenging as indicated by poor clinical translatability. In contrast, HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors (ie, statins) improve poststroke neurological outcomes. This property requires transport across the blood-brain barrier via an endogenous uptake transporter (ie, Oatp1a4 [organic anion transporting polypeptide 1a4]). Our goal was to study Oatp1a4 as a drug delivery mechanism because the blood-brain barrier cannot be assumed to be completely open for all drugs in ischemic stroke.

METHODS:
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200–250 g) were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (90 minutes) followed by reperfusion for up to 7 days. Atorvastatin (20 mg/kg, IV) was administered 2 hours following intraluminal suture removal. Involvement of Oatp-mediated transport was determined using fexofenadine (3.2 mg/kg, IV), a competitive Oatp inhibitor. Oatp1a4 transport activity was measured by in situ brain perfusion. Infarction volumes/brain edema ratios and neuronal nuclei expression were determined using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride–stained brain tissue slices and confocal microscopy, respectively. Poststroke functional outcomes were assessed via neurological deficit scores and rotarod analysis.

RESULTS:

At 2-hour post–middle cerebral artery occlusion, [
3
H]atorvastatin uptake was increased in ischemic brain tissue. A single dose of atorvastatin significantly reduced post–middle cerebral artery occlusion infarction volume, decreased brain edema ratio, increased caudoputamen neuronal nuclei expression, and improved functional neurological outcomes. All middle cerebral artery occlusion positive effects of atorvastatin were attenuated by fexofenadine coadministration (ie, an Oatp transport inhibitor).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data demonstrate that neuroprotective effects of atorvastatin may require central nervous system delivery by Oatp-mediated transport at the blood-brain barrier, a mechanism that persists despite increased cerebrovascular permeability in ischemic stroke. These novel and translational findings support utility of blood-brain barrier transporters in drug delivery for neuroprotective agents.
Voces Furiarum
Authors: Paul Joshua M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
I argue that Priapus offers a bilingual gloss on the name ‘Tisiphone’ in Horace, Satires 1.8. I trace the folk etymology of the Fury’s name and identify various passages in which Latin authors emphasize a perceived connection between Tisiphone and φωνή, voice. I then demonstrate how this bilingual pun casts Priapus as a narrator capable of learned, Alexandrian wordplay.
Throwing Jason off the Scent
Authors: Daly Alastair 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article argues that Apollonius was aware of the foul smell of the Lemnian women and its mythological variants. While Apollonius does not mention the δυσοσμία, he builds a complex allusion to it and its omission around the rare verb ἀμαλδύνω. Its deployment to cap Hypsipyle’s speech to Jason (A.R. 1.834) draws a parallel between her erasure of the Lemnian crime and the obliteration of the Achaean wall in the Iliad, but with a witty sting in its tail. The verb first occurs at Iliad 7.463 where Zeus grants Poseidon permission to annihilate the wall, followed by the arrival of Euneus (the son of Jason and Hypsipyle) bringing wine from Lemnos to the Achaean camp. Apollonius uses the verb once more to describe the sun wiping out the scent of prey (4.112) thus making a meta-reference to his own omission of the Lemnian odour in Book 1.
From Work-To-Family Conflict to Father-Infant Bonding: The Role of Marital Satisfaction
Authors: Matijaš Marijana , Lovrić Barbara , Nakić Radoš Sandra 
Published: September 2023

Bonding, as parental feelings and thoughts toward a child, can be challenging for employed parents due to work-family role conflict. This study aimed to investigate concurrent associations between work-to-family conflict dimensions (time-, strain-, and behavior-based) and father-infant bonding, with marital satisfaction as a potential mediator. Employed fathers (N = 170) from Croatia who had infants (1–12 months old) completed questionnaires on work-family conflict, marital satisfaction, bonding, and questions on demographic and job-related data. Path analysis showed that the time-, strain-, and behavior-based conflict did not have direct effects on father-infant bonding. However, strain-based work-to-family conflict indirectly affected father-infant bonding through marital satisfaction. Fathers who experienced higher strain-based work-to-family conflict reported decreased marital satisfaction, negatively impacting father-infant bonding. To improve the bonding experience for fathers, the spousal relationship should be taken into account. Additionally, family-friendly policies at work should focus primarily on reducing the fathers’ strain-based work-to-family conflict.
Effects of Different Types of Probiotics on Microbial Colonization in Saliva of Orthodontic Patients—In Vivo Study
Authors: Latta Tanvi 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus count is found to be higher in orthodontic patients and is one of the leading causes of white spot lesion formation. Probiotics are emerging as alternative methods of plaque control. Aims and Objectives To determine the effects of different types of probiotics on S. mutans and Lactobacillus levels in saliva of orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods A total of 140 subjects were divided into Control group (Group I) with 20 subjects and study group taking probiotics (Group II) with 120 subjects. Saliva samples were taken at baseline ( T0), after three weeks ( T1), and after six weeks ( T2). The samples were diluted and incubated on specific agar media plates. The colonies observed were expressed in colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml) of saliva. Group II was further subdivided into six subgroups based on probiotic intake with 20 subjects in each subgroup. Results Statistically significant difference was found in salivary microbial counts in all the probiotic groups ( p < 0.05). The highest reduction in count of S. mutans (653.00 ± 102.23 CFU/ml to 84.1 ± 30.48 CFU/ml) and Lactobacilli (87.35 ± 15.64 CFU/ml to 14.60 ± 8.28 CFU/ml) was seen in the lozenges group. Conclusion Probiotics decrease the number of salivary S. mutans and Lactobacilli and lozenges could be considered for orthodontic fixed appliance patients.
FKN secreted by kidney epithelial cells regulates macrophage activation in lupus nephritis via the Hippo signaling pathway
Authors: Zuo Yao , Pan Xiuhong , Wang Xiaochao , You Yanwu 
Published: September 2023

Background Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Previously, we showed that fractalkine (FKN) expression was positively correlated with the severity of LN. Here, we aimed to study the role of the Hippo signaling pathway (HSP) and its interaction with FKN in LN in an attempt to provide novel strategies for LN treatment. Methods In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-stimulated THP-1 cells were co-cultured with FKN up-regulated or down-regulated kidney epithelial cells Hkb20. FKN-knockout (KO-FKN) mice were used to construct LN model. Flow cytometric analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), pathological staining, Western blot, and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were employed to investigate the role of FKN and its interaction with the Hippo signaling pathway (HSP) in LN. Results Up-regulation of FKN in kidney epithelial cells was associated with increased macrophage activation. FKN overexpression in kidney epithelial cells suppressed apoptosis, inflammation levels, and M1 polarization of THP-1 cells and inhibited the HSP. Oppositely, FKN knockdown in kidney epithelial cells increased apoptosis, inflammation, and M1 polarization and activated the HSP. HSP inhibitor reversed the effect of FKN knockdown on THP-1 cells. In LN mice, FKN knockout and YAP inhibitor decreased the levels of renal function markers, alleviated kidney injury induced by LN, and inhibited macrophage activation in LN mice. Conclusions FKN down-regulation reduced the activation of macrophages in renal tissue and alleviated kidney damage by activating HSP. The regulatory effect of FKN on HSP should be confirmed in patients with LN, and the mechanism of FKN in LN should be further explored.
Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on critical buckling load of glass/epoxy composites exposed to sunlight irradiation
Authors: Mirzapour Roudpishi Mohammad , Hosseini Farrash Sayyed Mahdi , Shaterzadeh Alireza 
Published: September 2023

Today, advanced materials like fibrous composites are widely used in the industry due to their favorable strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance and many other suitable properties. Buckling phenomenon may occur in a thin composite structure subjected to high compressive loads. Moreover, the buckling strength of polymer based composites such as glass/epoxy decreases due to sunlight radiation. In this research, the effect of adding zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles as a reinforcement to the matrix material of glass/epoxy composite on the critical buckling load of the beam specimens is investigated experimentally. In addition, samples are exposed to simulated sunlight irradiation and the effect of adding nanoparticles is investigated. Rectangular composite beams are made and reinforced with 1 wt. % of ZnO nanoparticles. Beams are clamped under tensile testing machine for buckling test. Compressive load is applied to the beams in the longitudinal direction and force-displacement graphs are plotted. Results indicate that the addition of ZnO nanoparticles into the epoxy resin increases the critical buckling load of these beams. As the results show, the critical buckling load of ZnO reinforced glass/epoxy specimens increases by %39.4 with respect to that of glass/epoxy samples. Moreover, to investigate the effect of adding nanoparticles after sunlight irradiation, some samples were placed in the accelerated weathering system for 24 h. Buckling test results represent a remarkable increase in the amount of critical buckling load for ZnO/glass/epoxy specimens even after the irradiation. SEM images of the break section of ZnO reinforced glass/epoxy specimens illustrate homogeneous dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles in the epoxy resin.
Concerns of the Patients with Lower Limb Amputation During Transition from Hospital to Home: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sharma Rashi , Shruti  , Kaur Sukhpal , Saini Uttam , Kaur Jaspreet 
Published: September 2023

Background: Amputation of the lower limb leads to marked physical disability and brings a significant and dramatic alteration to the patient’s life. Life with a sudden disability after discharge at home is not easy for a patient who had undergone amputation both physically as well as psychologically. But how the patients perceive the period of discharge is still an untouched area in literature. Objective: To explore the concerns of the patients with lower limb amputation during transition from hospital to home. Methods: A phenomenological research study was conducted in the amputation clinic of a tertiary care center in North India. Participants were the patients who had undergone lower limb amputation after sudden trauma. The tool used was an interview schedule, which comprised of(a) personal profile of the patients and (b) in-depth interview topic guide. In-depth interviews were conducted until data saturation. After 14 interviews, no fresh responses were received, and therefore, data collection was stopped after 16 interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method of data analysis. Results: Based on the participants’ verbatim, a total of three themes and eight subthemes were extracted after data analysis. The main theme that emerged was different emotions at the time of discharge, and the subthemes extracted under this theme were “want to leave stressful environment of hospital,” “feeling more secure at hospital,” and “not willing for discharge—anxiety of facing society.” The second theme was “unexpected hardships in the home after discharge,” and subthemes extracted under this theme were “reactions of closed ones,” “facing reality of practical life-unimagined difficulties,” and “immediate comparison to previous healthy life.” The third theme that emerged was “the bright side of amputation,” and subthemes extracted under this theme were “understood the uncertainty of life” and “positive transformation in life.” Conclusion: The study findings highlighted that experience of each individual is unique. Therefore, an individualized and patient-tailored approach must be used while handling such patients. Furthermore, the life at home after amputation comes with multifaceted challenges. Hence, there is a need of rendering detailed discharge information and need-based counseling at the time of discharge.