bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Related factors of postoperative half‐year care utilization for health status and recovery in older adults with hip fracture: A retrospective study of Osaka National Health Insurance Data
Authors: Wang Huiting , Yamakawa Miyae , Suto Shunji , Takeya Yasushi , Oyama Asuka , Toki Hiroshi , Yamamoto Ryohei 
Published: January 2025

AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative patient factors and postoperative half‐year health care utilization reflecting recovery, common complications, comorbidities, and significant health concerns, identifying strong risk and protective factors.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilized linear, quantile, and ordinal regressions to analyze Osaka National Health Insurance data from 26 606 elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery between 2012 and 2018.ResultsThe key factors associated with multiple postoperative care utilizations (P < 0.001) included:1 Compared with men, women were strongly negatively correlated with postoperative length of stay (LOS) at q90, diabetes prescriptions or drip injections, while showing strong positive associations with postoperative antihypertensive, antiosteoporosis, and antidementia prescriptions.2 Age has a strong negative correlation with antiosteoporosis or diabetes prescriptions but strongly positive associations with indwelling urinary catheters or drip injections.3 The preoperative 1‐year LOS correlated positively with the postoperative LOS or indwelling urinary catheters, and the strongest associations were observed at q25 with the postoperative LOS. It was significantly and negatively associated with antihypertensive or antidementia prescriptions.4 Many preoperative care utilizations were positive factors, and some were strong factors at q25 of the LOS.ConclusionsNuanced relationships between the female sex; preoperative LOS; antidementia, antiosteoporosis, antihypertensive and constipation prescriptions; indwelling catheters, and postoperative LOS were elucidated. These are key risks during shorter postoperative LOS, while male subgroups are at a higher risk during longer LOS duration. Patients with extended preoperative diabetes prescriptions or drip injections are at high risk of multiple postoperative care. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 190–205.
Prognostic significance of the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old‐Old for the incidence of functional disability: The Shizuoka Kokuho Database study
Authors: Tabara Yasuharu , Shoji‐Asahina Aya , Akasaka Hiroshi , Sugimoto Ken , Sato Yoko 
Published: January 2025

AimIn the Japanese health checkup system for older adults aged ≥75 years, the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old‐Old (QMCOO) was adopted after 2020. However, the prognostic significance of this questionnaire for the incidence of functional disability is uncertain. The current study aimed to validate the prognostic significance of the QMCOO, and to develop a simple risk score for functional disability by analyzing health insurance claims data including annual health checkup data.MethodsThis study included 111 282 older adults aged 75–90 years who did not receive long‐term care services at baseline. The study period was between the earliest day of participation in the health checkup after April 2020 and September 2022. The participants who were certified as care level 2 and higher during this period were considered as incident cases of functional disability.ResultsWithin a mean follow‐up duration of 1.7 years (191 085 person‐years), 4578 functional disability cases were identified. In addition to the basic covariates, among the 15 items in the QMCOO, nine were identified as independent determinants. The probability of developing functional disability that was calculated using the model was associated with older age, male sex, underweight and poor responses to the QMCOO items. According to the weighted score based on the model, the participants was classified as functional disability probability of <1% to >45%.ConclusionsThe nine items in the QMCOO were associated with the incidence of functional disability. The weighted scoring system could be helpful for the use of the QMCOO. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 260–266.
“Chance and Necessity” on the Molecular Evolution of REV3 (a Catalytic Subunit of DNA Polymerase ζ)—The Dual Roles of Translesion and Neuronal Extension
Authors: Kajiwara Kagemasa , Yamada Kouichi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCatalytic subunit of DNA polymerase ζ (REV3), involved in translesion‐replication is evolutionarily conserved from yeast and plants to higher eukaryotes. However, a large intermediate domain is inserted in REV3 of humans and mice. The domain has “DUF4683” region, which is significantly similar to human neurite extension and migration factor (NEXMIF). This region was also found in REV3 of invertebrates such as Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) … and Lingula anatina (Brachiopoda). We hypothesize foreign sequences were introduced into the Rev3 genes in the ancestral species of L. anatina, which would have gradually evolved into the DUF4683 region through overly complicated processes. Besides DUF4683, various exogenous sequences would have been inserted during the REV3 evolution. Therefore, insertion events of foreign sequences are all products of “necessity”. tBLASTn analysis of the Callorhinchus milii (elephant shark) genome with the C. milii REV3 sequence identified three neural factors (NEXMIF, NEXMIF‐like and AHDC1) in distinct positions of the genome. These factors may have differentiated from the Rev3 gene in Chondrichthyes, which had experienced two rounds of whole‐genome duplication, and may have evolved into neurite‐forming proteins in vertebrates. L. anatina has the DUF4683 C‐terminal proximal consensus (SPPRA/CWSP) in REV3. However, the consensus was not necessarily maintained in Mollusca, the closely related animal phylum of L. anatina. Just as written by Jacques Monod, we assume “chance” (mutation in DNA) and “necessity” (selection at the “organism” population level) were frequently repeated on the Rev3 in Cambrian ancestors. As a result, certain species developed the DUF4683 consensus of a neurite extension activity.
The Role of Care Paradoxes in Maintaining Precariousness: A Case Study of Australia's Aged Care Work
Authors: McEwen Celina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe paper examines why despite many inquiries and government reforms, the working conditions of aged care workers have remained precarious. The study draws on an analysis of Australian workforce survey data, government documents, and hearing transcripts from a recent Royal Commission into the sector's workforce and care practices. The results paint a complex and nuanced picture of how the government and providers rely on older or culturally and linguistically diverse women to carry out high standards of quality care with minimal worker benefits and protection while devaluing their work as unprofessional. The analysis also highlights the coexistence of four types of precariousness in aged care work: precariousness as a social category, a shared experience, a set of work practices, and management. Further, I find that a series of paradoxes rooted in cultural perceptions of care and older and/or diverse women maintain precariousness at work by constructing workers as the problem, entrenching disadvantage borne from intersectionality and shifting the burden of responsibility and part of the cost of caring for older people onto workers. I suggest that little improvement is possible until the systemic and sociocultural issues around care and the workers engaged in the transaction of care are tackled together as a whole.
Influence of Anticoagulants on Platelet Counts: A Study and Recommendations From the French Speaking Cellular Hematology Group (GFHC)
Authors: Wuilleme Soraya , Girard Sandrine , Soulard Michel , Chatelain Bernard , Etienne Elodie , Guiheneuf Eric , Geneviève Franck , Vedrenne Aurélie , Lesesve Jean François , Baccini Véronique , Bardet Valérie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionFor complete blood count, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is universally used and has been recognized as the most robust anticoagulant. However, it may lead to pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCT), due to the formation of platelet clumps, which is currently followed by resampling on sodium citrate. Other possible anticoagulants are citrate theophylline adenosine dipyridamole (CTAD) and MgSO4. These anticoagulants were compared here for resolution of PTCT and platelet count values and stability.MethodsPaired blood samples were used to compare the four anticoagulants. First, samples containing clumps on EDTA were compared to samples collected on sodium citrate (335), CTAD (31), or MgSO4 (160). For platelet counts, compared series were of respectively, 168, 191, and 87, paired to PTCT‐free EDTA samples. Finally, platelet count stability was evaluated over 2–24 h.ResultsMgSO4, followed by CTAD, was the most efficient to avoid platelet clump formation, while sodium citrate performed poorly. Regarding platelet count, significantly lower values were obtained with sodium citrate (p < 0.0001), with more samples (35% vs. 6.5%) below the 150 × 109/L threshold. Conversely, CTAD yielded similar values as EDTA, while higher counts were observed with MgSO4 (p = 0.008). Finally, platelet count stability began to decrease at 4 h for sodium citrate, while the other anticoagulants were stable for at least 8 h, up to 12 h for MgSO4 and 24 h for EDTA.ConclusionsThis real‐life study confirms that sodium citrate should no longer be used to improve platelet counts in patients with platelet clumps, CTAD, if available, and MgSO4 being much better alternatives.
Migrant returnees as (anti‐)migration messengers? A case of street‐level representative bureaucracy in Senegal
Authors: Glyniadaki Katerina , Ratzmann Nora , Stier Julia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInternational organizations and foreign‐funded NGOs run campaigns in Senegal to raise awareness of the perils of irregular migration. To increase their effectiveness, these organizations often enlist local migrant returnees to share their personal migration experiences and transmit an anti‐irregular migration message to their compatriots. This article examines whether policymakers' assumptions regarding the representativeness of migrant returnees operating as (anti‐)migration messengers in terms of shared identities corresponds to reality at the street level. It draws from theories of street‐level bureaucracy and representative bureaucracy and is based on 31 qualitative interviews with migrant returnees and experts. The study shows that migrant returnees engaged in migration information campaigns are not as representative of the local population as envisaged by policymakers, potentially impacting policy outcomes. They stand out from their compatriots in terms of skillsets and social status – partly because of the selection mechanism employed by organizations and partly because of the training and capacity‐building efforts directed at migrant returnees.
The Financial Reporting Consequences of Last Chance Earnings Management
Authors: Mayberry Michael A. , Rane Scott G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGiven its opacity and the timing of its closure, the tax expense represents a theoretically and intuitively plausible mechanism for managers to manipulate earnings to achieve performance benchmarks (i.e., last chance earnings management or LCEM). Although empirical analyses of effective tax rates are consistent with the existence of this behavior, its consequences are unclear. We investigate whether LCEM is associated with lower financial reporting quality. Contrary to our expectations, we fail to find evidence that LCEM is associated with tax‐related misstatements, tax‐related comment letters, or tax accrual quality with scaled confidence intervals reliably near zero. In cross‐sectional tests, we also fail to find a consistent association in subsamples where LCEM is more likely to represent impaired financial reporting quality. Collectively, our results should caution researchers using LCEM as a proxy for impaired financial reporting quality.
Pregnancy and Postpartum Trends in Self‐Measured Blood Pressure and Derived Indices: The BOSHI Study
Authors: Izumi Seiya , Nishimura Misato , Iwama Noriyuki , Tomita Hasumi , Hamada Hirotaka , Obara Taku , Ishikuro Mami , Murakami Takahisa , Satoh Michihiro , Hirose Takuo , Saito Masatoshi , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Kuriyama Shinichi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Hoshi Kazuhiko , Imai Yutaka , Metoki Hirohito ,   the BOSHI Study Group
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, we aimed to reveal the trends of self‐measured blood pressure (SMBP) and SMBP‐derived indices during pregnancy and the postpartum period. The Babies and Their Parents Longitudinal Observation in Suzuki Memorial Hospital in the Intrauterine Period (BOSHI) Study is a prospective cohort study in Japan. Participants were instructed to measure SMBP daily during pregnancy and for 1 month after delivery. Among 237 participants with normotensive blood pressure (BP) during pregnancy and the postpartum period who were analyzed using mixed‐effects models for repeated measures, the SMBP was measured, on average, 14.3 times from the day before delivery to 28 days postpartum. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on the day before delivery were 110.6 ± 1.0 and 68.1 ± 0.8 mmHg (estimate ± standard error). Postpartum BP increased from postpartum Days 3–8 in SBP and from Days 3–22 in DBP, compared to that on the day before delivery. The SBP and DBP were 4.9 and 4.7 mmHg higher on postpartum Days 8 and 7 than the day before pregnancy, respectively. During pregnancy, the pulse rate (PR) showed an inverted U‐shaped trend and then sharply increased rapidly until the first postpartum day after delivery. The Shock Index showed a similar trend to that of the PR, decreased from labor until postpartum Day 8, and plateaued thereafter. The double product peaked during labor, remained higher than the prelabor levels for approximately 10 days, and then decreased in the postpartum period.
Posttreatment Blood Pressure as a Key Predictor in a 5‐Year Stroke Prediction Model
Authors: Zhang Nan , Mei Jiarong , Fan Fangfang , Zhang Yan , Zhou Ziyi , Li Jianping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEvidence suggests that approximately 63.0%–84.2% of stroke survivors have hypertension, yet there is currently no stroke prediction tool specifically designed for individuals with hypertension. Using data from 20 702 hypertensive patients from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT), we developed a 5‐year stroke risk prediction model. This prospective study collected treated blood pressure every 3 months, resulting in 22 measurements over the study period. The model was internally validated using bootstrap resampling, and its predictive performance was assessed with the C‐index and calibration curves. We also developed a random forest model to rank the variable importance. The 5‐year stroke risk prediction model for hypertensive individuals includes 10 risk factors, ranked by importance as follows: average systolic blood pressure during treatment, age, average diastolic blood pressure during treatment, baseline systolic blood pressure, history of diabetes, baseline total cholesterol level, baseline folate level, self‐reported stress, smoking, and folic acid supplementation or not. The C statistic of the equation was 0.74 and there were no significant differences by gender or treatment group. Calibration plots indicate good internal consistency between observed and predicted 5‐year stroke risk. We also developed an online calculator to assist clinicians and patients (https://zhouziyi.shinyapps.io/CSPPT/). Our study indicates that for patients with hypertension, long‐term posttreatment blood pressure is the primary predictor of stroke risk.Trial Registration: The CSPPT (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00794885).
Post‐hoc analysis of the tofogliflozin post‐marketing surveillance study (J‐STEP/LT): Tofogliflozin improves liver function in type 2 diabetes patients regardless of BMI
Authors: Uchinuma Hiroyuki , Matsushita Mitsunori , Tanahashi Masaya , Suganami Hideki , Utsunomiya Kazunori , Kaku Kohei , Tsuchiya Kyoichiro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionPatients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of developing steatotic liver disease (SLD). Weight loss has proven effective in treating metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in obese patients with type 2 diabetes, with sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors showing promising results. However, lean MASLD is more prevalent in Japan, necessitating alternative approaches to body weight reduction.Materials and MethodsWe used the J‐STEP/LT dataset including up to 3‐year treatment data to analyze the effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor tofogliflozin on liver function and treatment safety and conducted a subgroup analysis based on body mass index (BMI; kg/m2, <20, 20–<23, 23–<25, 25–<30, and ≥30).ResultsThis study included 4,208 participants. Tofogliflozin significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in participants with baseline ALT levels >30 U/L across all BMI groups, with median changes of −12, −16, −13, −15, and −15 U/L, respectively (P = 0.9291 for trends). However, median changes in body weight with tofogliflozin were −2.00, −2.75, −2.00, −3.00, and −3.80 kg, respectively (P < 0.0001 for trends), with no significant weight loss observed in the BMI <20 group. ALT levels were also significantly decreased in participants who did not lose weight. Safety assessments according to BMI and age categories revealed no clear differences in the frequency of adverse events.ConclusionsTofogliflozin reduced ALT levels without substantial body weight reduction among lean participants. These findings suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors may be a viable treatment option for non‐obese patients with type 2 diabetes and SLD.
miR‐18a‐5p/PXR/SREBP2 Was Involved in MAFLD Associated With Methyl Tert‐Butyl Ether Among Petrol Station Workers
Authors: Wang Hanyun , Guo Mingxiao , Cui Fengtao , Li Mengdi , Zhang Xianan , Gao Wei , Fang Xingqiang , Chen Li , Xin Ye , Sun Yucheng , Niu Piye , Ma Junxiang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), previously defined as non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has been shown to be closely related to many environmental pollutants. Lately, we found methyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE), a new environmental pollutant, could increase NAFLD risk in American adults, which still needs more population epidemiological studies to verify, and its pathogenic mechanism is not yet clear.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study among petrol station workers, diagnosed their MAFLD according to internationally recognised diagnostic criteria, assessed the potential association of MTBE exposure with MAFLD risk, and explored the miR‐18a‐5p/PXR/SREBP2 pathway as possible pathogenic mechanisms in male Wistar rats and HepaRG cells treated with MTBE.ResultsBlood MTBE levels were found to be significantly correlated with an increased risk of MAFLD, and MAFLD risk increased by 24.3% for every 0.1 μg/L increase in blood MTBE. Consistently, we found that MTBE exposure could induce MAFLD in rats and HepaRG cells, and activate pregnane X receptor (PXR) by inhibiting miR‐18a‐5p to upregulate the expression of sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and its nuclear translocation, thereby upregulating the expression of its downstream target genes.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that MTBE exposure might be a significant risk factor for MAFLD, and MTBE could promote liver cholesterol synthesis and lipid deposition by activating the miRNA‐18a‐5p/PXR/SREBP2 pathway.
Aquatic vocalization activity indicates the timing of the mating season of Saimaa ringed seals
Authors: Young Mairi , Nykänen Milaja , Niemi Marja , Kurkilahti Mika , Kunnasranta Mervi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderwater vocalization is widely documented in phocids. In aquatic mating species, vocalization is typically associated with breeding, including intraspecific agonistic behavior and mate attraction. Ringed seal (Pusa hispida) produces a diverse range of aquatic vocalizations. However, the connection between these vocalizations and reproductive behavior is unclear. The Saimaa ringed seal (P.h.saimensis) also produces a variety of underwater vocalizations, with knocking calls especially suggested to be connected to the breeding season. In this study, we used four passive hydrophones during two successive winters, deployed in the breeding habitat of ringed seals in Lake Saimaa, to further explore vocalization behavior. A total of 13,197 vocalization events were identified in the recordings. Only a single vocalization type was recorded and classified as quick knocks. We identified a strong temporal pattern, with vocal activity peaking in April. This peak coincides with the end of the nursing period when mating is assumed to occur. Based on this and earlier studies, we propose that this specific call type is emitted for mate attraction or defense of underwater mating territory. This study pinpoints the timing of the mating season of Saimaa, the ringed seal and provides further insight into the behavior of this endangered subspecies.
Alternative Splicing Alterations in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Link to the Disruption of TAR DNA‐Binding Protein 43 kDa Functions
Authors: Miwa Takashi , Takeuchi Eriko , Ogawa Kotaro , Abdelhamid Rehab F. , Morita Junko , Hiraki Yuri , Yasumizu Yoshiaki , Nakamura Yamami , Ohkura Naganari , Saito Yuko , Murayama Shigeo , Nagai Yoshitaka , Mochizuki Hideki , Nagano Seiichi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neuromuscular disease that causes degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 kDa (TDP‐43) is mislocalized in the motor neurons of patients with ALS. TDP‐43 regulates RNA metabolism, including alternative splicing. Although the dysregulation of alternative splicing by TDP‐43 is supposed to have a key role in ALS pathology, the nature of aberrant alternative splicing in the tissues of patients with ALS has not been well studied.AimTo screen for alternative splicing alterations in patients with ALS to find those linked to ALS pathology.MethodsPostmortem human tissue samples were collected from brain banks and subjected to RNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction analyses.ResultsWe identified 16 novel genes that exhibited significant splicing changes. In addition, in TDP‐43‐deficient SH‐SY5Y cells, five genes exhibited similar splicing patterns, indicating that a part of the altered alternative splicing in patients is regulated by TDP‐43.ConclusionAlthough further studies on the pathological significance of these splicing changes are needed, they have the potential to serve as therapeutic targets for the treatment of ALS.