bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NGHIÊN CỨU PHỐI HỢP TỶ SỐ GPR VÀ APRI TRONG ĐÁNH GIÁ XƠ HÓA GAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM GAN VIRUS B MẠN TÍNH
Authors: Trần Thị Quỳnh , Trần Xuân Chương 
Published: July 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Đánh giá xơ hóa gan (XHG) rất cần thiết khi tiếp cận bệnh nhân viêm gan virus B mạn (VGVRB). Đo độ đàn hồi gan bằng xung lực bức xạ âm (Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse, ARFI) đã được sử dụng rộng rãi và giúp làm giảm nhu cầu sinh thiết gan trong việc đánh giá XHG. Các xét nghiệm đánh giá XHG không xâm lấn trở nên quan trọng và ngày càng có nhiều chỉ số mới được phát triển nhưng chưa được nghiên cứu nhiều tại Việt Nam.
Mục tiêu: Khảo sát giá trị tỷ số GPR và APRI ở bệnh nhân viêm gan virus B mạn. So sánh giá trị phối hợp của tỷ số GPR và APRI với APRI trong đánh giá xơ hóa gan.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 79 bệnh nhân ≥ 18 tuổi được chẩn đoán viêm gan virus B mạn, đến khám tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Dược Huế và Trung tâm Y tế huyện Phú Vang từ tháng 5/2021 đến tháng 9/2022. Tỷ số GPR và APRI được tính toán dựa trên các xét nghiệm thường quy và 79 bệnh nhân đều được đo xơ hóa gan bằng kỹ thuật ARFI tại Trung tâm Y khoa Medic Huế.
Kết quả: Trong đánh giá xơ hóa đáng kể: Với giá trị ngưỡng cắt 0,397; APRI có độ chính xác khá tốt trong chẩn đoán xơ hóa gan đáng kể (AUROC: 0,725), độ nhạy 74,3%; độ đặc hiệu 70,5%; gía trị tiên đoán dương (PPV) 65%; giá trị tiên đoán âm (NPV) 76,9% nhưng khi phối hợp cùng với tỷ số GPR thì tăng độ chính xác lên 0,942, độ nhạy và NPV tăng lên 100%, độ đặc hiệu tăng lên 85,1%; PPV tăng lên 82,1%. Đối với xơ hóa gan nặng: Với ngưỡng cắt 0,406; APRI có độ chính xác là 0,799; độ nhạy 86,7%; độ đặc hiệu 62,5%; PPV 35,1%; NPV 95,2% còn khi phối hợp cùng với tỷ GPR thì tăng độ chính xác lên 0,882; độ nhạy, NPV cũng tăng lên 100%.
Kết luận: Sự phối hợp tỷ số GPR và chỉ số APRI làm tăng độ chính xác, độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu, các giá trị tiên đoán so với sử dụng đơn độc từng chỉ số trong đánh giá xơ hóa gan đáng kể và đánh giá xơ hóa gan nặng
GIÁ TRỊ TIÊN LƯỢNG CỦA CHỈ SỐ APRI TRONG BỆNH SỐT XUẤT HUYẾT DENGUE
Authors: Phan Thị Mỹ Trâm , Trần Xuân Chương 
Published: July 2023

Trong những thập kỷ gần đây, sốt xuất huyết Dengue (SXHD) được ghi nhận là một trong những bệnh truyền nhiễm có tỷ lệ mắc và tỷ lệ tử vong cao nhất trên thế giới. Bệnh hiện đang lưu hành ở hơn 129 quốc gia, chủ yếu ở các vùng nhiệt đới và cận nhiệt đới, Châu Á chiếm khoảng 70% gánh nặng bệnh tật toàn cầu. Tại Việt Nam, bệnh cũng đã và đang trở thành vấn đề y tế nghiêm trọng. Trong năm 2022, cả nước có hơn 300 nghìn trường hợp mắc bệnh với 115 trường hợp tử vong. Việc tìm hiểu các yếu tố tiên lượng có ý nghĩa giúp phát hiện sớm các trường hợp nặng, giảm tỷ lệ tử vong do bệnh gây ra.
Trong bệnh sốt xuất huyết Dengue, tổn thương gan và giảm tiểu cầu là những biểu hiện lâm sàng rất thường gặp. Việc kết hợp hai chỉ số tăng transaminase và giảm tiểu cầu thông qua chỉ số APRI có ý nghĩa tiên lượng mức độ nặng của bệnh trong nhiều nghiên cứu. Một nghiên cứu năm 2019 chỉ ra rằng chỉ số APRI cao giúp phân biệt bệnh nhân SXHD và SXHD nặng với độ nhạy là 60,53% và độ đặc hiệu là 79,89%. Năm 2021, một nghiên cứu được tiến hành trên 4.069 bệnh nhân sốt xuất huyết chỉ ra giá trị APRI ≥ 19,18 có ý nghĩa tiên lượng tử vong là 100%. Một nghiên cứu khác năm 2023 kết luận với giá trị điểm cắt là 2,5, độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu của giá trị APRI để tiên đoán mức độ nặng của bệnh lần lượt là 80,0% và 76,8%. Bên cạnh đó, nghiên cứu khác cho thấy rằng chỉ số APRI giúp phân biệt nhiễm Dengue nguyên phát và thứ phát với độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu là 75% và 76% với điểm cắt chỉ số APRI là 1,06.
Như vậy, qua các nghiên cứu, APRI được coi là một công cụ hữu ích giúp phân biệt nhiễm Dengue nguyên phát và thứ phát cũng như tiên lượng mức độ nặng của bệnh, có ý nghĩa trong việc phát hiện sớm, giúp điều trị kịp thời và giảm tỷ lệ tử vong do sốt xuất huyết Dengue gây ra.
TỔNG QUAN BỆNH NHIỄM RICKETTSIA Ở VIỆT NAM
Authors: Lê Viết Nhiệm 
Published: July 2023

Bệnh nhiễm Rickettsia là bệnh lây truyền ở người qua động vật chân đốt, là một trong những nguyên nhân gây sốt cấp tính quan trọng ở Việt Nam và các quốc gia vùng nhiệt đới khác. Bệnh có biểu hiện lâm sàng đa dạng từ nhẹ đến tổn thương đa tạng, đe dọa tử vong. Tại Việt Nam, sốt mò và sốt phát ban bọ chuột được phát hiện từ đầu và giữa thế kỷ XX và là nguyên nhân gây sốt cấp tính thường gặp. Trong đó, sốt mò chiếm khoảng 5,5% - 33,1% và sốt phát ban bọ chuột chiếm khoảng 2,8% - 4,8% các trường hợp sốt cấp tính chưa rõ nguyên nhân ở nước ta. Bên cạnh đó, sốt đốm mới dần được phát hiện ở một vài ca bệnh trong vài năm gần đây. Tuy nhiên, trên thực tế, bệnh nhiễm Rickettsia còn chưa được quan tâm đúng mức.
Trong chuyên đề này, chúng tôi giới thiệu khái quát về tình hình bệnh nhiễm Rickettsia tại Việt Nam qua tổng quan, cập nhật từ kết quả một số nghiên cứu được công bố trong và ngoài nước.
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA NY. A DI KLINIK UTAMA LESTARI TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Dwika Pangesti Clara 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive midwifery care is care that is carried out thoroughly from pregnancy to family planning to reduce Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). At the Utama Lestari Clinic, from January to December 2021, there were 539 pregnant women, pregnant women, BBL, 297 postpartum women and kb acceptors as many as 963 people. Provide comprehensive care to Mrs. “A” at the Lestari Utama Clinic using the Varney line of thought and documented in the form of SOAP. This case study was carried out at the Lestari Utama Clinic on March 8 to April 15, 2022. Pregnant women experienced mild anemia and type 1 diabetes, during delivery there was installation of oxytocin 5 iu 8 TPM and administration of metergin, in KN I there is no SHK examination, in KN II the baby does not get exclusive breastfeeding, in postpartum and family planning there are no problems. For care subjects to increase knowledge about breastfeeding and patiently wait for the release of breast milk. For the Lestari Utama Clinic, reconsider giving metergin in the third stage and providing laboratory personnel and facilitating SHK examination or cooperating and referring to adequate facilities.

Asuhan kebidanan komprehensif adalah asuhan yang dilakukan secara menyeluruh dari mulai hamil sampai keluarga berencana untuk menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Di Klinik Utama Lestari dari Januari sampai Desember tahun 2021 tercatat ibu hamil 539 orang, ibu bersalin, BBL, ibu nifas sebanyak 297 orang dan akseptor KB sebanyak 963 orang. Memberikan asuhan secara komprehensif pada Ny “A” di Klinik Utama Lestari dengan menggunakan alur fikir varney dan didokumentasikan dalam bentuk SOAP. Studi kasus dilaksanakan di Klinik Utama Lestari pada tanggal 8 Maret s/d 15 April tahun 2022. Pada ibu hamil terjadi anemia ringan dan diabetes tipe 1, terdapat kesenjangan pada persalinan pemberian oksitosin 5 iu 8 TPM dan pemberian metergin, KN I tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan SHK, KN II bayi tidak mendapatkan ASI Ekslusif, pada nifas dan KB tidak terdapat masalah. Bagi subjek asuhan agar meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ASI dan sabar menunggu pengeluaran ASI. Bagi Klinik Utama Lestari mempertimbangkan kembali pemberian metergin pada kala III dan menyediakan tenaga laboratorium dan memfasilitasi pemeriksaan SHK atau melakukan kerja sama dan rujukan ke fasilitas yang memadai.
Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Barry Michael J. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Silverstein Michael , Chelmow David , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davis Esa M. , Donahue Katrina E. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Li Li , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Rao Goutham , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James , Tsevat Joel , Underwood Sandra Millon , Wong John B. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceNeural tube defects are among the most common congenital malformations in the US, with an estimated 3000 pregnancies affected each year. Many of these neural tube defects are caused by low folate levels in the body.ObjectiveThe US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on the benefits and harms of folic acid supplementation.PopulationPersons who are planning to or could become pregnant.Evidence AssessmentThe USPSTF concludes that, for persons who are planning to or could become pregnant, there is high certainty that folic acid supplementation has a substantial net benefit to prevent neural tube defects in their offspring.RecommendationThe USPSTF recommends that all persons planning to or who could become pregnant take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 μg) of folic acid. (A recommendation)
Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects
Authors: Viswanathan Meera , Urrutia Rachel Peragallo , Hudson Kesha N. , Middleton Jennifer Cook , Kahwati Leila C. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceNeural tube defects are among the most common birth defects in the US.ObjectiveTo review new evidence on the benefits and harms of folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defects to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.Evidence ReviewSources included PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and trial registries from July 1, 2015, through July 2, 2021; references; and experts, with surveillance through February 10, 2023. Two investigators independently reviewed English-language randomized studies and nonrandomized cohort studies in very highly developed countries that focused on the use of folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defect–affected pregnancies; methodological quality was dually and independently assessed.FindingsTwelve observational studies (reported in 13 publications) were eligible for this limited update (N = 1 244 072). Of these, 3 studies (n = 990 372) reported on the effect of folic acid supplementation on neural tube defects. For harms, 9 studies were eligible: 1 randomized clinical trial (n = 431) reported on variations in twin delivery, 7 observational studies (n = 761 125) reported on the incidence of autism spectrum disorder, and 1 observational study (n = 429 004) reported on maternal cancer. Two cohort studies and 1 case-control study newly identified in this update reported on the association between folic acid supplementation and neural tube defects (n = 990 372). One cohort study reported a statistically significant reduced risk of neural tube defects associated with folic acid supplementation taken before pregnancy (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 0.54 [95% CI, 0.31-0.91]), during pregnancy (aRR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.39-0.97]), and before and during pregnancy (aRR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.29-0.83]), but this association occurred for only the later of 2 periods studied (2006-2013 and not 1999-2005). No other statistically significant benefits were reported overall. No study reported statistically significant harms (multiple gestation, autism, and maternal cancer) associated with pregnancy-related folic acid exposure.Conclusions and RelevanceNew evidence from observational studies provided additional evidence of the benefit of folic acid supplementation for preventing neural tube defects and no evidence of harms related to multiple gestation, autism, or maternal cancer. The new evidence was consistent with previously reviewed evidence on benefits and harms.
Association of paternal factors with mothers’ employment postchildbirth
Authors: Dhungel Bibha , Kachi Yuko , Kato Tsuguhiko , Ochi Manami , Nagayoshi Mako , Gilmour Stuart , Takehara Kenji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The demand on Japanese women to fulfill their dual roles as mothers and labor force participants leads to a subsequent reduction of their employment hours, switching of occupations, or quitting the labor force. This study aims to examine paternal factors associated with mothers’ employment status 18 months after childbirth.

Methods
We used data from the 2010 cohort of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns conducted in Japan. We restricted our analysis to 10 712 mothers who had full-time employment 1 year before childbirth. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess paternal factors associated with mothers’ employment after childbirth.

Results
One-third of the mothers with full-time employment before childbirth were not working full-time 18 months after delivery. We found that high childcare involvement (score 13–18) of fathers (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01–1.43) and fathers with part-time employment (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.12–2.26) were associated with higher odds of mothers’ full-time employment. Fathers’ weekly work of ≥60 h (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71–0.88) and higher annual income decreased the odds ratios by over 20%.

Conclusions
Fathers’ work arrangements and involvement in childcare play a key role in helping mothers resume employment postchildbirth.
Serum metabolomics detected by LDI‐TOF‐MS can be used to distinguish between diabetic patients with and without diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Qian Fengmei , Zhao Li , Zhang Di , Yu Mengjie , Zhou Wei , Jin Juan 
Published: August 2023

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is an important cause of end‐stage renal disease with changes in metabolic characteristics. The objective of this study was to study changes in serum metabolic characteristics in patients with DKD and to examine metabolite panels to distinguish DKD from diabetes with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry(MALDI‐TOF‐MS). We recruited 40 type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with or without DKD from a single center for a cross‐sectional study. Serum metabolic profiling was performed with MALDI‐TOF‐MS using a vertical silicon nanowire array. Differential metabolites between DKD and diabetes patients were selected, and their relevance to the clinical parameters of DKD was analyzed. We applied machine learning methods to the differential metabolite panels to distinguish DKD patients from diabetes patients. Twenty‐four differential serum metabolites between DKD patients and diabetes patients were identified, which were mainly enriched in butyrate metabolism, TCA cycle, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Among the metabolites, l‐kynurenine was positively correlated with urinary microalbumin, urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), creatinine, and urea nitrogen content. l‐Serine, pimelic acid, 5‐methylfuran‐2‐carboxylic acid, 4‐methylbenzaldehyde, and dihydrouracil were associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The panel of differential metabolites could be used to distinguish between DKD and diabetes patients with an AUC value reaching 0.9899–0.9949. Among the differential metabolites, l‐kynurenine was related to the progression of DKD. The differential metabolites exhibited excellent performance at distinguishing between DKD and diabetes. This study provides a novel direction for metabolomics‐based clinical detection of DKD.
Combination Drug Therapy of Glioblastoma: Lessons from 3D In Vitro Models and the Roadmap for Future Research
Authors: Vaezzadeh Mahsa , Kachooei Ehsan , Krishnamurthy Shivani , Manandhar Preeti , Nadort Annemarie , Guillemin Gilles J , Di Ieva Antonio , Santiago Marina , Heng Benjamin , Guller Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCombination drug therapy addresses the auxiliary cancer pathways of the tumor progression unaffected by the standard adjuvant treatments such as radio‐ and chemotherapy. It is a particularly attractive strategy to improve the treatment outcomes and the quality of life in patients with the deadliest brain cancer, glioblastoma (GB). Testing of combination drug treatment protocols requires reliable, efficient, and biologically accurate preclinical testbeds applicable before the transition to clinical trials. The 3D in vitro models of GB are a promising platform for pharmacological research. However, there is notable methodological uncertainty and a highly scattered data landscape regarding drug testing in 3D in vitro models of GB. In particular, it is not completely clear how to mimic clinically relevant dozing and schedule of the main chemotherapy drug for GB, temozolomide (TMZ) in 3D in vitro GB models. Here, the authors carefully explore the available literature on the application of TMZ in 3D in vitro models of GB, both as a sole agent and in combination with other medications. The joint analysis of the tumor modeling approaches, the employed assays, and the obtained treatment responses provided in this review may be used as a roadmap for future research in combination treatments of GB.
Exploring the legacy of African and Indigenous Caribbean admixture in Puerto Rico
Authors: Winful Taiye , McCormack Katie , Mueller Elsa , Chen Lijuan ,   La Corporación Piñones Se Integra (COPI), Clemente Maricruz Rivera , Torres Jada Benn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesFrom an anthropological genetic perspective, little is known about the ethnogenesis of African descendants in Puerto Rico. Furthermore, historical interactions between Indigenous Caribbean and African descendant peoples that may be reflected in the ancestry of contemporary populations are understudied. Given this dearth of genetic research and the precedence for Afro‐Indigenous interactions documented by historical, archeological, and other lines of evidence, we sought to assess the biogeographic origins of African descendant Puerto Ricans and to query the potential for Indigenous ancestry within this community.Materials and MethodsSaliva samples were collected from 58 self‐identified African descendant Puerto Ricans residing in Puerto Rico. We sequenced whole mitochondrial genomes and genotyped Y chromosome haplogroups for each male individual (n = 25). Summary statistics, comparative analyses, and network analysis were used to assess diversity and variation in haplogroup distribution between the sample and comparative populations.ResultsAs indicated by mitochondrial haplogroups, 66% had African, 5% had European, and 29% had Indigenous American matrilines. Along the Y chromosome, 52% had African, 28% had Western European, 16% had Eurasian, and, notably, 4% had Indigenous American patrilines. Both mitochondrial and Y chromosome haplogroup frequencies were significantly different from several comparative populations.DiscussionBiogeographic origins are consistent with historical accounts of African, Indigenous American, and European ancestry. However, this first report of Indigenous American paternal ancestry in Puerto Rico suggests distinctive features within African descendant communities on the island. Future studies expanding sampling and incorporating higher resolution genetic markers are necessary to more fully understand African descendant history in Puerto Rico.
Modulating Metal‐Nitrogen Coupling in Anti‐Perovskite Nitride via Cation Doping for Efficient Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia
Authors: Gong Zhiheng , Xiang Xuepeng , Zhong Wenye , Jia Chenghao , Chen Peiyan , Zhang Nian , Zhao Shijun , Liu Weizhen , Chen Yan , Lin Zhang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe complexes of metal center and nitrogen ligands are the most representative systems for catalyzing hydrogenation reactions in small molecule conversion. Developing heterogeneous catalysts with similar active metal‐nitrogen functional centers, nevertheless, still remains challenging. In this work, we demonstrate that the metal‐nitrogen coupling in anti‐perovskite Co4N can be effective modulated by Cu doping to form Co3CuN, leading to strongly promoted hydrogenation process during electrochemical reduction of nitrate (NO3−RR) to ammonia. The combination of advanced spectroscopic techniques and density functional theory calculations reveal that Cu dopants strengthen the Co−N bond and upshifted the metal d‐band towards the Fermi level, promoting the adsorption of NO3− and *H and facilitating the transition from *NO2/*NO to *NO2H/*NOH. Consequently, the Co3CuN delivers noticeably better NO3−RR activity than the pristine Co4N, with optimal Faradaic efficiency of 97 % and ammonia yield of 455.3 mmol h−1 cm−2 at −0.3 V vs. RHE. This work provides an effective strategy for developing high‐performance heterogeneous catalyst for electrochemical synthesis.
Accelerated Microbial Corrosion by Magnetite and Electrically Conductive Pili through Direct Fe0‐to‐Microbe Electron Transfer
Authors: Jin Yuting , Zhou Enze , Ueki Toshiyuki , Zhang Danni , Fan Yongqiang , Xu Dake , Wang Fuhui , Lovley Derek R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectrobiocorrosion, the process in which microbes extract electrons from metallic iron (Fe0) through direct Fe0‐microbe electrical connections, is thought to contribute to the costly corrosion of iron‐containing metals that impacts many industries. However, electrobiocorrosion mechanisms are poorly understood. We report here that electrically conductive pili (e‐pili) and the conductive mineral magnetite play an important role in the electron transfer between Fe0 and Geobacter sulfurreducens, the first microbe in which electrobiocorrosion has been rigorously documented. Genetic modification to express poorly conductive pili substantially diminished corrosive pitting and rates of Fe0‐to‐microbe electron flux. Magnetite reduced resistance to electron transfer, increasing corrosion currents and intensifying pitting. Studies with mutants suggested that the magnetite promoted electron transfer in a manner similar to the outer‐surface c‐type cytochrome OmcS. These findings, and the fact that magnetite is a common product of iron corrosion, suggest a potential positive feedback loop of magnetite produced during corrosion further accelerating electrobiocorrosion. The interactions of e‐pili, cytochromes, and magnetite demonstrate mechanistic complexities of electrobiocorrosion, but also provide insights into detecting and possibly mitigating this economically damaging process.
Heated and unheated lupin protein‐grape seed extract conjugates stabilizing and structuring high internal phase oil‐in‐water emulsions
Authors: Francisco Cristhian Rafael Lopes , Silva Marluci Palazzolli , Oliveira Júnior Fernando Divino , Santos Tatiana Porto , Cunha Rosiane Lopes 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlant‐based high internal phase oil‐in‐water emulsions (HIPEs) are promising fat replacers. However, producing stable HIPES with improved viscoelastic properties is a challenge for the food industry. Conjugation of plant proteins, such as lupin protein isolate, with phenolic compounds, such as proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract, associated (or not) with moderate heat treatment arise as potential methods to tune the surface properties of proteins and, consequently, the droplet‐droplet interactions that drive the viscoelastic properties of HIPEs. In this way, unheated (UHC) and heated (85°C, 15 min) (HC) lupin protein (LPI)‐grape seed extract (GSE) conjugates were produced and used to stabilize HIPEs. Evaluation of stability by Turbiscan and oil loss by centrifugation over 56 days of storage did not reflect the kinetic stability of HIPEs against process conditions. Under shearing, UHC‐stabilized emulsions at high GSE concentrations showed oil release, whereas all HC‐stabilized HIPEs released oil. However, the increase in GSE concentration and heat treatment improved the viscosity and storage modulus (G′) of HIPEs, possibly due to the droplet‐droplet interaction originating from hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions in UHC and HC‐stabilized HIPEs, respectively. This pivotal study confirmed that conjugation of a plant protein with GSE and heat treatment could improve the viscoelastic properties of HIPEs and produce HIPEs with superior texture (higher G′).