bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An assessment strategy for the employability of HRM graduates in South Africa
Authors: Beretu Tendency , Charles Warren P. 
Published: January 2025

Orientation: The unemployment problem in South Africa has been explored from both supply and demand perspectives, but there is a gap in understanding industry expectations on graduate competence and market readiness.Research purpose: This study investigates a labour market-driven assessment strategy to evaluate the employability of Human Resource Management (HRM) graduates in South Africa.Motivation for the study: The study aims to ensure that graduate assessments align with industry needs, enhancing employability through industry-based methods.Research approach/design and method: A case study design was used, selecting a university offering HRM qualifications and 196 employed HRM graduates. Supervisors of these graduates provided feedback on the alignment between university assessments and graduate performance. The study used a pragmatic approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data collection.Main findings: The data from 196 supervisors revealed eight key themes: assessments were seen as inappropriate, lacking industry focus, too general and needing industry collaboration. Respondents also suggested industry responsibility in assessments, linking students to industry, emphasising solutions to industry challenges, and calling for industry-based standards. Most respondents viewed current assessments as inaccurate indicators of graduate capabilities.Practical/managerial implications: The study recommends adopting an industry-centric assessment approach to improve graduate assessments. This alignment could enhance graduate fitness for employment and the value they add to the industry.Contribution/value-add: This study helps to align university assessments with industry expectations, increasing HRM graduates’ employability and ensuring assessments reflect the capabilities needed in the labour market.
Factors Influencing Abutment Screw Loosening in Single Unit Implant Screw-retained Crowns: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Suliman Oubada M R , Abuhassna Mohammed Abdulhai , Albarrak Amal Saud Barrak , Asiri Mohammed Abdullah N , Alhertani Safaa MohammedRezk , Alghamdi Hala Hamed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the factors influencing abutment screw loosening in single-unit implant screw-retained crowns versus cement-retained crowns. The primary outcomes evaluated included marginal bone loss (MBL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and technical complications concerning types of retention. We conducted a systematic search across seven databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect, using Boolean operators and MeSH keywords for evidence-based retrieval of studies. The studies included relevant randomised controlled trials, retrospective cohorts and prospective studies. We used a random-effects model to calculate the pooled mean differences (MD) as well as odds ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine the robustness of the findings. Qualitative analysis indicated that MBL was marginally higher in screw-retained crowns than it was in cement-retained crowns, with pooled MD 0.04 mm (95% CI [0.00, 0.07]). The BOP analysis found that the overall OR was 1.53 (95% CI [0.59, 3.94]), revealing a marginally increased risk of bleeding in cement-retained implants, but it was also not significantly different. The heterogeneity of MBL was very low, I² = 0%, P = 0.83. Heterogeneity of BOP was also low I² = 0%, P = 0.84. Therefore, consistency amongst the included studies was established. It was demonstrated that screw-retained and cement-retained crowns do not differ clinically from each other in MBL, BOP and incidence of screw loosening. Both retention types produced comparable biological and technical outcomes, so the selection of one versus the other should be based on patient-specific factors, preferences for the site of implantation and individual clinician preference and should not be determined by concerns about screw stability or peri-implant health.
Leptomeningeal metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer – A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Goyal Jyotsna , Sarawagi Radha , Kumar Aman , Sharma Tanya , Raju Aghosh , Kumar Vinay 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) or neoplastic meningitis is a relatively uncommon complication occurring in advanced solid or haematological malignancies. Diagnosis of LM is based on clinical evaluation, neuroimaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. We present a case of 47-year-old female with stage III triple negative breast cancer, who presented to Department of Surgical Oncology AIIMS Bhopal for breast cancer treatment and developed neurologic symptoms on her subsequent visits. Initial workup revealed subarachnoid haemorrhage on MRI brain and a negative CSF cytology. Patient was managed conservatively for neurologic features and started with systemic neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Subsequently patient’s neurological symptoms progressed, and a repeat MRI showed sulcal and leptomeningeal enhancement, suggesting possibility of meningeal carcinomatosis. Repeat CSF analysis showed presence of atypical cells. Patient was managed with intrathecal methotrexate and showed improvement in her neurologic symptoms and responded well to chemotherapy. The diagnosis of LM requires high index of clinical suspicion. This report highlights the diagnostic challenges, reflecting the inferential role of neuroimaging and CSF cytology in a precise clinical backdrop, for the diagnosis of LM.
An innovative approach for predicting the metastasis of central lymph nodes in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A nomogram based on clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics
Authors: Zhang Ning , Wang Zhenqian , Sun Bo , Zhang Long , Hu Jianping , Jiang Xiao , Xu Xinyun , Chen Han 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
The current study aimed to examine risk factors in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) by building a nomogram model to evaluate the probability of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM).

Materials and Method:
A retrospective study was conducted on 775 patients with PTMC who had thyroid surgery, with a focus on examining the clinical characteristics and sonographic features of these individuals, among which 543 individuals were assigned to the training cohort and 232 individuals to the validation one. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to ascertain the risk factors linked to the occurrence of CLNM in individuals with PTMC.

Results:
Four variables encompassing clinical and ultrasound characteristics were identified to be potential risk factors. These variables include age (OR = 0.814, P = 0.001), gender (OR = 1.974, P = 0.005), tumor size (OR = 3.278, P = 0.001), and microcalcification (OR = 2.542, P = 0.001). All of the aforementioned components were employed to develop a nomogram for the prediction of the occurrence of CLNM in PTMC patients. These findings showed within the range of 0.11 to 0.47, the nomogram demonstrated a consistent ability to accurately forecast the occurrence of CLNM.

Conclusions:
Risk factors derived from clinical and sonographic features were determined and used to establish a nomogram, and the result demonstrated good performance of the CLNM-predicting nomogram, which may aid doctors in making better clinical decisions regarding the management of PTMC patients.
Diagnostic value of tumor markers CEA, CYFRA21-1, SCC, and proGRP in detecting lung cancer
Authors: Xu Xiaoping , Zha Qiongfang , Kang Yu , Zou Jing , Jiang Handong , Qin Hui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
A single tumor marker may not comprehensively detect the lung cancer. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive value of the tumor markers panels in lung cancer.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 203 patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer admitted to Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China, from June 2014 to May 2017, were consecutively enrolled. Seventy-three patients with benign lung diseases and 54 healthy volunteers were included. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA21-1), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC Ag), and progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) were measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The differences in tumor markers between the groups were determined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal–Wallis test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were measured using Bayes’s theorem. Cutoff levels were calculated by receiver operating curves.

Results:
All four tumor markers increased significantly in the cancer group and positively correlated with disease stage. CYFRA 21-1 had the highest sensitivity (70.0%), whereas the specificity of CEA, SCC Ag, and proGRP were 97.6%, 93.7%, and 98.4%, respectively. If any marker was elevated, the sensitivity increased to 77.8%. Based on the prevalence rate of lung cancer in patients with solitary nodule (32%, according to our data), PPV of CEA, proGRP, or any two biomarkers elevation in diagnosing lung cancer were 84.8%, 88.0%, and 83.6%, respectively.

Conclusion:
A panel of tumor markers provided a higher sensitivity in detecting lung cancer. Elevation of CEA, proGRP, or the combination of tumor markers in patients with high prevalence rates of lung cancer may help distinguish malignant lung disease.
Is assessment of platelet-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio a predictor for lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma?
Authors: Uniyal Akanksha , Urs Aadithya B , Augustine Jeyaseelan , Khurana Neeta , Passey J C , Meher Ravi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Systemic inflammation promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in cancer. It has a role in the initiation and progression of oral cancer to advanced stages. Platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are hematological markers used as a measure of systemic inflammation which can be used as prognostic markers. Aim of the study is to assess the prognostic value of preoperative PLR and NLR in predicting lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods:
Preoperative PLR and NLR were analyzed in 112 oral cancer cases and 100 healthy controls. Optimal cutoff values for PLR and NLR were calculated using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC). The comparison of mean PLR and NLR was performed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and intergroup comparisons using post hoc Bonferroni test.

Results:
Mean preoperative PLR was significantly higher in OSCC in comparison to the control group (147.48 + 61.38 versus 101.92 + 36.99, P < 0.001). Mean preoperative NLR was higher in OSCC in comparison to the control group but the difference was not significant (3.07 + 1.70 versus 2.71 + 7.13, P = 0.606). PLR was higher in cases involving multiple anatomical sites (P = 0.005) and in T2 and T4a in comparison to controls with highly significant differences (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Systemic inflammation has a dynamic role in disease progression in oral cancer and may have an impact on the clinical outcome. Higher preoperative PLR is a significant prognostic indicator in OSCC, which may be used to predict advanced stages of disease and lymph node metastasis.
Outcome and toxicity of concomitant chemoradiotherapy versus concomitant chemoradiotherapy followed by intraluminal brachytherapy in middle-third of esophageal carcinoma – A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Thakur Shabnum , Negi Anup , Gupta Manish , Seam Rajeev Kumar , Kumar Vineet , Fotedar Vikas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by surgery is the current standard treatment of locally advanced middle third esophageal carcinoma (EsC). For medically inoperable patients, definitive CCRT is the treatment of choice. The brachytherapy boost after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) is the most elegant way of delivering a high dose to the primary site. Our study involved a comparison of CCRT with chemoradiation followed by intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) in the evaluation of disease response, quality of life, toxicity and survival.

Methods:
Total 36 patients, 18 patients in the control group (concomitant chemoradiation) received a total dose of 60 Gy (Gray)/30# (fractions)/2 Gy/#/5#/week along with weekly cisplatin and 18 patients in the study group (CCRT followed by ILBT) received a total dose of 50 Gy/25#/2 Gy/# & 5#/week along with weekly cisplatin followed by ILBT to a total dose of 10 Gy in 2# of 5 Gy each, 1 week apart without chemotherapy after a gap of 2 weeks.

Results:
At a median follow-up of 6 and 13 months for the control and study group, the overall response rate was 94.4% (17/18) and 100% (18/18) in control and study group respectively. Acute and late toxicities along with the quality of life were evaluated. Disease-free survival (DFS) was similar in both groups. The median survival for the control group was 8 months whereas for study group it was 18 months, this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0010).

Conclusion:
High dose rate (HDR) ILBT in combination with EBRT is an excellent way to treat dysphagia and to prolong overall survival with lesser acute and late toxicities in carcinoma esophagus.
Prevalence and psychosocial factors affecting preoperative anxiety, depression, and stress in cancer patients: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Mishra Seema , Sarma Riniki , Bhan Swati , Vig Saurabh , Kumar Sunil , Satapathy Sujata , Sood Mamta , Deo S. V. S. , Bhatnagar Sushma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Psychological factors have a key role in affecting the clinical outcome of a disease. Studies have found an alteration in the immune system and endocrine function in patients with psychological stress. Cancer patients often display these symptoms. This study aims to find out the prevalence and factors affecting the presence of preoperative depression, anxiety, and stress in cancer patients by using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-42 (DASS 42).

Methods:
Three hundred and sixty patients were included in the study who were posted for cancer surgery. They were required to answer a questionnaire where details were collected about the sociodemographic and economic background, type of cancer and treatment received, details about the presence of pain, and if the patient is on any analgesics. Data were analyzed using Stata version 16, and multivariate analysis was done using logistic regression.

Results:
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was found to be 16.11%, 32.5%, and 12.78%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that marital status and type of surgery proposed predicted depression; anxiety was significantly contributed by the type of surgery proposed and analgesic the patient is taking; whereas marital status, type of surgery proposed, and analgesic the patient is taking predicted stress.

Conclusion:
Married patients are more likely to suffer from depression and stress. Patients undergoing palliative surgery will be prone to all kinds of negative emotions including depression, anxiety, and stress. The type of analgesics, which the patent is taking as prescribed based on the World Health Organization (WHO) ladder for cancer pain also significantly influences anxiety and stress.
Evaluation of interleukin-6 level in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its correlation with the stage of the disease
Authors: Al-Sarai Nuha Abd Ali , Nafea Noor Noaman , Abdulsalam Abbas Hashim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is not an uncommon hematological malignancy which affects elderly individuals primarily. It is more common in developed world. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a soluble mediator with a pleiotropic effect on inflammation, immune response, and hematopoiesis. Due to its major role in initiation as well as resolving inflammation, deregulation of IL-6 is a mainstay of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In addition, IL-6 has been shown to be implicated in the pathogenesis of many human malignancies.

OBJECTIVES:
The aim of the study was to measure the plasma level of IL-6 in newly diagnosed pretreated CLL patients and its association with disease stage and peripheral blood indices.

PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A case–control study included 60 patients who are newly diagnosed untreated CLL patients classified into three stages according to the Binet classification system as a patient group and 20 healthy individuals as a control group. The samples were collected from the patients during their attendance at the laboratories of the Hematology Center of the Medical City in Baghdad. For the determination of plasma level of IL-6 in both patient and control groups, an ELISA-based method was used.

RESULTS:
IL-6 plasma level was higher significantly in the patient’s group than in the control group (P < 0.001), with the highest IL-6 level found in Stage C and the least IL-6 level found in Stage A (P = 0.043). The white blood cell count shows a high correlation to IL-6 level when compared to other peripheral blood elements (hemoglobin and platelet count) but is still not statistically significant. Regarding age and gender, they did not have a statistical significance (r = 0.081, P > 0.05) on the mean plasma level of IL-6 within both the patient and control group.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this study, IL-6 plasma levels are significantly correlated with the stage of the disease as its level is the highest in CLL patients with advanced disease. IL-6 is an independent prognostic factor in the prediction of the activity and the stage of the disease in these patients.
Histological Indicators of Aging at the Cellular Level: Cellular Senescence, Fibrosis, and Regenerative Capacity
Authors: Elkordy Eman Ali 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aging is a complex and multifaceted process characterized by a gradual deterioration of cells and tissue functions. Histological markers such as cellular senescence, fibrosis, and reduced regenerative capacity are key features of aging. Senescent cells accumulation in different tissues is a feature of this senescence, which is linked to chronic inflammation and organ dysfunction. Fibrosis, marked by increasing deposition of extracellular matrix, occurs in aging organs like the liver, heart, and lungs, impairing their function. Aging also declines the regeneration of the tissue, primarily as a result of the depletion of tissue-resident stem cells. This study highlights the histological changes associated with aging, offering insights into how aging influences cellular mechanisms and predisposes individuals to age-related diseases that are related to age, like cardiovascular lesions, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders. Understanding these indicators could guide the development of therapeutic approaches to reduce age-related tissue degeneration.
Additive kinematic formulas for convex functions
Authors: Hug Daniel , Mussnig Fabian , Ulivelli Jacopo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove a functional version of the additive kinematic formula as an application of the Hadwiger theorem on convex functions together with a Kubota-type formula for mixed Monge–Ampère measures. As an application, we give a new explanation for the equivalence of the representations of functional intrinsic volumes as singular Hessian valuations and as integrals with respect to mixed Monge–Ampère measures. In addition, we obtain a new integral geometric formula for mixed area measures of convex bodies, where integration on

$\operatorname {SO}(n-1)\times \operatorname {O}(1)$

is considered.
On several dynamical properties of shifts acting on directed trees
Authors: Abakumov Evgeny , Abbar Arafat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores the notions of

$\mathcal {F}$

-transitivity and topological

$\mathcal {F}$

-recurrence for backward shift operators on weighted

$\ell ^p$

-spaces and

$c_0$

-spaces on directed trees, where

$\mathcal {F}$

represents a Furstenberg family of subsets of

$\mathbb {N}_0$

. In particular, we establish the equivalence between recurrence and hypercyclicity of these operators on unrooted directed trees. For rooted directed trees, a backward shift operator is hypercyclic if and only if it possesses an orbit of a bounded subset that is weakly dense.
New aspects of Bargmann transform using Touchard polynomials and hypergeometric functions
Authors: Alpay Daniel , De Martino Antonino , Diki Kamal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we study the ranges of the Schwartz space

$\mathcal {S}$

and its dual

$\mathcal {S}'$

(space of tempered distributions) under the Bargmann transform. The characterization of these two ranges leads to interesting reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces whose reproducing kernels can be expressed, respectively, in terms of the Touchard polynomials and the hypergeometric functions. We investigate the main properties of some associated operators and introduce two generalized Bargmann transforms in this framework. This can be considered as a continuation of an interesting research path that Neretin started earlier in his book on Gaussian integral operators.
<i>Review Article</i> - Bibliometric analysis of clinical health and medical care research: the case of Sudan from 1991 to 2021
Authors: Omer F. , Otitolaiye V.O. 
Published: January 2025

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) identifies good health as a crucial human resource for daily life, survival, security, and prosperity. Developing nations face numerous challenges that hinder the advancement of good health and well-being. As one of the largest countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Sudan is positioned to advance “Good Health and Well-being.” Therefore, stakeholders are examining the current status and future outlook of clinical health and medical care (CHMC) research in Sudan. This paper used a bibliometric analysis (BA) of CHMC research in Sudan to understand the current challenges, research landscape, and scientific developments.
Methodology: The PRISMA technique was used to identify, screen, and analyze 560 documents on CHMC research from 1991 to 2021 using Scopus data. BA was adopted to perform co-authorship, co-occurrence, and citation analyses using VOSViewer.
Results: Results revealed that 85.5% of the documents are research articles, although reviews, notes, and letters account for 10.2%. The most prolific authors are Peter Moszynski (United Kingdom), Ishag Adam (Saudi-Arabia), and Hashim Ghalib (United States). Khartoum University (Sudan) is the most prolific organization/affiliation. Funding analysis revealed that CHMC research is mainly financed externally by charitable and development organizations. The most active researchers in CHMC research are in Sudan, although strong collaboration exists with others abroad due to financial support, research funding, and knowledge exchange.
Conclusion: The study suggests that CHMC research in Sudan can significantly contribute to achieving the SDGs, but further research should address major social challenges and foster targeted collaborations.