bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel cyanolytic bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens BG‐E as a potential biological control agent for freshwater bloom‐forming cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena spp.
Authors: Wijesooriya Madhuni Madhushika , Masakorala Kanaji , Widana Gamage Shirani Manel Kumari 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe majority of bacterial antagonists identified to date are active against Microcystis. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and characterize novel cyanolytic bacterial strains antagonistic against bloom‐forming filamentous cyanobacteria. The bacterial strain BG‐E isolated from the Bandagiriya Wewa in Sri Lanka was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens (MZ007859) based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. BG‐E showed 82% and 73% cyanolytic activity (CA) against Pseudanabaena sp. LW2 (MW288948) and Pseudanabaena lonchoides LW1 (MW288940), respectively, after 10 days of inoculation. The light microscopic images affirmed the complete disintegration in the filamentous structures of the tested Pseudanabaena species. The bacterial cell density of 15% v/v showed the CA with 95% and 89% cell lysis, respectively, in P. lonchoides and Pseudanabaena sp. LW2. Moreover, the results showed that >50% CA could be achieved by 0.100 and 1.00 (OD730) cell densities for these same species. The highest CA of the cell‐free supernatant of BG‐E against P. lonchoides and bacterial culture against Pseudanabaena sp. LW2 illustrated the species‐specific mode of action of BG‐E. Although BG‐E efficiently lysed the tested cyanobacterial species, the results of the MC‐biodegradation assay confirmed its inability to degrade MC‐LR cyanotoxin. Further, the BG‐E strain lacks the mlrABCD gene cluster which is known to be responsible for the enzymatic degradation of MCs. The overall findings highlighted the applicability of P. fluorescens BG‐E as a biological controlling agent to terminate blooms of freshwater filamentous cyanobacteria genus Pseudanabaena. The incorporation of cyanotoxin‐degrading heterotrophic bacteria is recommended as a means of controlling toxic Pseudanabaena blooms.
Robin Hood to the Rescue: Sustainable Revenue‐Allocation Schemes for Data Cooperatives
Authors: Dawande Milind , Mehta Sameer , Mu Liying 
Published: March 2023

The promise of consumer data along with advances in information technology has spurred innovation not only in the way firms conduct their business operations but also in the manner in which data are collected. A prominent institutional structure that has recently emerged is a data cooperative—an organization that collects data from its members, and processes and monetizes the pooled data. A characteristic of consumer data is the externality it generates: Data shared by an individual reveal information about other similar individuals; thus, the marginal value of pooled data increases in both the quantity and quality of the data. A key challenge faced by a data cooperative is the design of a revenue‐allocation scheme for sharing revenue with its members. An effective scheme generates a beneficial cycle: It incentivizes members to share high‐quality data, which in turn results in high‐quality pooled data—this increases the attractiveness of the data for buyers and hence the cooperative's revenue, ultimately resulting in improved compensation for the members. While the cooperative naturally wishes to maximize its total surplus, two other important desirable properties of an allocation scheme are individual rationality and coalitional stability. We first examine a natural proportional allocation scheme—which pays members based on their individual contribution—and show that it simultaneously achieves individual rationality, the first‐best outcome, and coalitional stability, when members' privacy costs are homogeneous. Under heterogeneity in privacy costs, we analyze a novel hybrid allocation scheme and show that it achieves both individual rationality and the first‐best outcome, but may not satisfy coalitional stability. Finally, our RobinHood allocation scheme—which uses a fraction of the revenue to ensure coalitional stability and allocates the remaining based on the hybrid scheme—achieves all the desirable properties.
To preserve, release, and litigate: Dimensions of executive branch transparency
Authors: Johnson Gbemende E. , George Tracey E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTransparency is essential for public awareness of government activity and in holding officials accountable for their behavior and decisions. However, executives understandably have a desire to maintain autonomy over the flow of information outside of the executive branch, which can sometimes lead to a clash between government openness and executive control over information. This article investigates executive branch transparency along two specific dimensions: threats to the preservation of government information, and the judicial monitoring of executive branch transparency. Federal law directs executive branch actors to preserve government information. Statutes and regulations detail governing policies as well as guidelines that apply to every presidential administration. However, we consider each rule and recommendation through the lens of the Trump administration to gain greater clarity and precision. The Trump administration proves a useful focus for our empirical analysis because of its recency as well as multiple reports of its improper handling and preservation of records. We lay out and develop a typology of threats to record preservation. Preservation conflicts have emerged across multiple presidential administrations and have become increasingly common and visible. Judicial monitoring of executive branch transparency has become a crucial tool to address the withholding of records. We show that federal judges can play a vital role in defining the boundaries of government transparency through their decisions in Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) litigation. The U.S. Department of Justice oversees and often leads the government's defense against FOIA actions. We find that federal judges are most likely to require executive branch responsiveness and disclosure when the judges' underlying policy preferences are most distant from that of the administration. Our findings should inform reforms to protect government transparency.
Fixed-Time Synchronization of Fractional-Order Multilayer Complex Networks Via a New Fixed-Time Stability Theorem
Authors: Luo Runzi , Song Zijun , Liu Shuai , Fu Jiaojiao , Zhang Fang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFixed-time synchronization of fractional-order multilayer complex networks is studied in this paper. At first, a novel fixed-time stability theorem for the fractional-order nonlinear system is presented. The stability theorem is a generalization of the integer order stability theorem and plays an important role on the synchronization schemes. Based on the proposed stability theorem, the fixed-time synchronization of fractional-order multilayer complex networks is investigated, and a fixed-time synchronization criterion is presented. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of our results.
Artificial Neural Network Modeling for Predicting the Transient Thermal Distribution in a Stretching/Shrinking Longitudinal Fin
Authors: Varun Kumar R. S. , Sarris I. E. , Sowmya G. , Prasannakumara B. C. , Verma Amit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study emphasizes the aspects of heat transfer and transient thermal distribution through a rectangular fin profile when a stretching or shrinking mechanism is mounted on the surface of the fin. Furthermore, the effects of radiation, internal heat generation, and convection are all considered when developing the corresponding fin problem. The simulated time-dependent heat transfer equation is a partial differential equation that can be represented by dimensionless arrangement using appropriate nondimensional terms. The nonlinear dimensionless problem concerning the stretching/shrinking of a fin is numerically solved using the finite difference method (FDM), and the Levenberg–Marquardt method of backpropagation artificial neural network (LMM-BANN) has been used in this investigation. By varying the stretching/shrinking parameter, a set of data for the presented artificial neural network (ANN) is produced to discuss stretching and shrinking scenarios. The testing, training, and validation procedure of LMM-BANN, as well as correlation for verification of the validity of the proposed approach, establish the approximate solution to stretching/shrinking scenarios. The suggested model LMM-BANN is then validated using regression interpretation, mean square error, and histogram explorations. The ANN results and the procured numerical values agree well with the current numerical results.
The Goldilocks Dilemma in Coaching: Women Coaches’ Experiences of Stereotypical Biases and a Two-Dimensional Approach to Combat Them
Authors: Gosai Jyoti , Jowett Sophia , Rhind Daniel J.A. 
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to explore through semistructured interviews (a) the experiences of women coaches in relation to the stereotypical biases they may encounter in their workplace and (b) the strategies women coaches and sport organizations have, or can potentially put in place, to raise awareness and address these stereotypical biases. Content analysis of the obtained qualitative data using a rudimentary framework based upon the two sections of the interview schedule (i.e., dilemmas and strategies) guided categorization of the data. Findings indicated that women coaches experienced three broad types of stereotypical dilemmas: (a) extreme perceptions (e.g., too soft or too tough); (b) the high competence threshold (e.g., higher standards with lower rewards); and (c) competent but disliked (e.g., competent or likeable but rarely both). In addition, the findings indicated that tackling these stereotypical dilemmas effectively required a two-dimensional approach: individual and organizational. Within this paper, the authors discuss the ways women coaches both experience and confront a range of stereotypical dilemmas while moving into and through the coaching system. Such dilemmas inevitably disadvantaged women coaches by either slowing down or holding back their progress compared with their men coach counterparts. Practical solutions are also discussed.
Adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index and Charlson Comorbidity Index in predicting all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hu Yu-Wen , Yeh Chiu-Mei , Liu Chia-Jen , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Huang Nicole , Chou Yiing-Jenq 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAdapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) is a commonly used severity measure based on the number and severity of diabetes complications using diagnosis codes. The validity of aDCSI in predicting cause-specific mortality has yet to be verified. Additionally, the performance of aDCSI in predicting patient outcomes compared with Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) remains unknown.Research design and methodsPatients aged 20 years or older with type 2 diabetes prior to January 1, 2008 were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance claims data and were followed up until December 15, 2018. Complications for aDCSI including cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease, metabolic disease, nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy, along with comorbidities for CCI, were collected. HRs of death were estimated using Cox regression. Model performance was evaluated by concordance index and Akaike information criterion.Results1,002,589 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled, with a median follow-up of 11.0 years. After adjusting for age and sex, aDCSI (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.21) and CCI (HR 1.18, 1.17 to 1.18) were associated with all-cause mortality. The HRs of aDCSI for cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mortality were 1.04 (1.04 to 1.05), 1.27 (1.27 to 1.28) and 1.28 (1.28 to 1.29), respectively, and the HRs of CCI were 1.10 (1.09 to 1.10), 1.16 (1.16 to 1.17) and 1.17 (1.16 to 1.17), respectively. The model with aDCSI had a better fit for all-cause, CVD and diabetes mortality with C-index of 0.760, 0.794 and 0.781, respectively. Models incorporating both scores had even better performance, but the HR of aDCSI for cancer (0.98, 0.97 to 0.98) and the HRs of CCI for CVD (1.03, 1.02 to 1.03) and diabetes mortality (1.02, 1.02 to 1.03) became neutral. When aDCSI and CCI were considered time-varying scores, the association with mortality was stronger. aDCSI had a strong correlation with mortality even after 8 years (HR 1.18, 1.17 to 1.18).ConclusionsThe aDCSI predicts all-cause, CVD and diabetes deaths but not cancer deaths better than the CCI. aDCSI is also a good predictor for long-term mortality.
What constitutes equitable data sharing in global health research? A scoping review of the literature on low-income and middle-income country stakeholders’ perspectives
Authors: Evertsz Natalia , Bull Susan , Pratt Bridget 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionDespite growing consensus on the need for equitable data sharing, there has been very limited discussion about what this should entail in practice. As a matter of procedural fairness and epistemic justice, the perspectives of low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) stakeholders must inform concepts of equitable health research data sharing. This paper investigates published perspectives in relation to how equitable data sharing in global health research should be understood.MethodsWe undertook a scoping review (2015 onwards) of the literature on LMIC stakeholders’ experiences and perspectives of data sharing in global health research and thematically analysed the 26 articles included in the review.ResultsWe report LMIC stakeholders’ published views on how current data sharing mandates may exacerbate inequities, what structural changes are required in order to create an environment conducive to equitable data sharing and what should comprise equitable data sharing in global health research.ConclusionsIn light of our findings, we conclude that data sharing under existing mandates to share data (with minimal restrictions) risks perpetuating a neocolonial dynamic. To achieve equitable data sharing, adopting best practices in data sharing is necessary but insufficient. Structural inequalities in global health research must also be addressed. It is thus imperative that the structural changes needed to ensure equitable data sharing are incorporated into the broader dialogue on global health research.
Greener Operations: a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership to define research priorities in environmentally sustainable perioperative practice through a structured consensus approach
Authors: Clayton-Smith Max , Narayanan Hrishi , Shelton Clifford , Bates Louise , Brennan Fiona , Diedo Beck , Donnellon Mike , Dorey Jenny , Evans Bob , Gower Jonathan , Hamdaoui Yasmina , Hitchman John , Kinsella S Michael , Knagg Rebecca , Lawson Cathy , Morris Daniel , Pegna Victoria , Radcliffe Tracey , Schaff Olivia , Sheppard Tim , Strong Jennifer , Jones David 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesTo agree on the ‘top 10’ research priorities for environmentally sustainable perioperative practice.DesignSurveys and literature review; final consensus workshop using a nominal group technique.SettingUK-based setting.ParticipantsHealthcare professionals, patients, carers and the public.Outcome measuresInitial survey—suggested research questions; interim survey—shortlist of ‘indicative’ questions (the 20 most frequently nominated by patients, carers and the public, and healthcare professionals); final workshop—ranked research priorities.ResultsInitial survey—1926 suggestions by 296 respondents, refined into 60 indicative questions. Interim survey—325 respondents. Final workshop—21 participants agreed the ‘top 10’: (1) How can more sustainable reusable equipment safely be used during and around the time of an operation? (2) How can healthcare organisations more sustainably procure (obtain) medicines, equipment and items used during and around the time of an operation? (3) How can healthcare professionals who deliver care during and around the time of an operation be encouraged to adopt sustainable actions in practice? (4) Can more efficient use of operating theatres and associated practices reduce the environmental impact of operations? (5) How can the amount of waste generated during and around the time of an operation be minimised? (6) How do we measure and compare the short-term and long-term environmental impacts of surgical and non-surgical treatments for the same condition? (7) What is the environmental impact of different anaesthetic techniques (eg, different types of general, regional and local anaesthesia) used for the same operation? (8) How should the environmental impact of an operation be weighed against its clinical outcomes and financial costs? (9) How can environmental sustainability be incorporated into the organisational management of operating theatres? (10) What are the most sustainable forms of effective infection prevention and control used around the time of an operation (eg, personal protective equipment, drapes, clean air ventilation)?ConclusionsA broad range of ‘end-users’ have identified research priorities for sustainable perioperative care.
A LANDIS-II extension for simulating forest road networks
Authors: Hardy Clément , Messier Christian , Valeria Osvaldo , Filotas Elise 
Published: March 2023

Forest roads are an important part of forest management, both in terms of cost and impact on surrounding ecosystems. Existing tools to simulate the construction of forest roads have been designed for tactical or operational planning purposes, for relatively small areas (<10 000 ha) and small-scale topographic information. Hence, no forest road simulation tool properly exists to assist forest landscape ecology and management research. Here, we present the Forest Roads Simulation (FRS) extension for the LANDIS-II model—a spatially explicit landscape simulation model of forest succession and disturbances. The FRS extension simulates forest road networks via a least-cost path algorithm accounting for landscape structure, decision inputs, and forest road types. We demonstrate the accuracy with which the FRS extension reproduces several key characteristics of existing road networks in two managed regions in Quebec, Canada: road density, road position, and fragmentation of the landscape. The FRS extension is easy to parameterize, proposing many options for researchers to simulate forest road networks at a strategic level in managed landscapes. It can tackle new research questions investigating the effects of forest roads within management strategies, such as the cost of road construction and habitat fragmentation, across large management units and long planning horizons.
Energizing gamma ray bursts via $$Z^{\prime }$$ mediated neutrino heating
Authors: Poddar Tanmay Kumar , Goswami Srubabati , Mishra Arvind Kumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe pair annihilation of neutrinos $$(\nu {\overline{\nu }}\rightarrow e^+e^-)$$

(
ν

ν
¯

→

e
+

e
-

)

can energize violent stellar explosions such as gamma ray bursts (GRBs). The energy in this neutrino heating mechanism can be further enhanced by modifying the background spacetime over that of Newtonian spacetime. However, one cannot attain the maximum GRB energy $$(\sim 10^{52}~\text {erg})$$

(
∼

10
52

erg
)

in either the Newtonian background or Schwarzschild and Hartle–Thorne background. On the other hand, using modified gravity theories or the Quintessence field as background geometries, the maximum GRB energy can be reached. In this paper, we consider extending the standard model by an extra $$U(1)_{{\mathrm{B-L}}}$$

U

(
1
)

B
-
L

gauge group and augmenting the energy deposition by neutrino pair annihilation process including contributions mediated by the $$Z^{\prime }$$

Z
′

gauge boson belonging to this model. From the observed energy of GRB, we obtain constraints on $$U(1)_{{\mathrm{B-L}}}$$

U

(
1
)

B
-
L

gauge coupling in different background spacetimes. We find that the bounds on gauge coupling in modified gravity theories and quintessence background are stronger than those coming from the neutrino-electron scattering experiments in the limit of small gauge boson masses. Future GRB observations with better accuracy can further strengthen these bounds.
Observable features of charged Kiselev black hole with non-commutative geometry under various accretion flow
Authors: Saleem Rabia , Aslam M. Israr 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe light passing near the black hole (BH) is deflected due to the gravitational effect, producing the BH shadow, a dark inner region that is often surrounded by a bright ring, whose optical appearance comes directly from BH’s mass and its angular momentum. We mainly study the shadow and observable features of non-commutative (NC) charged Kiselev BH, surrounded by various profiles of accretions. To obtain the BH shadow profile, we choose specific values of the model parameters and concluded that the variations of each parameter directly vary the light trajectories and size of BH. For thin disk accretion, which includes direct lensing and photon rings emissions, we analyze that the profile of BH contains the dark interior region and bright photon ring. However, their details depends upon the emissions, generally, direct emission plays significant role in the total observed luminosity, while lensing ring has a small contribution and the photon ring makes a negligible contribution, as usual, the latter can be ignored safely. Moreover, we also consider the static and infalling accretion matters and found that the location of the photon sphere is almost the same for both cases. However, the specific intensity which is observed from BH profile found to be darker for infalling accretion case due to the Doppler effect of the infalling motion as compared to the static one.
Vacinação compulsória no Brasil: uma reflexão bioética sobre a medida
Authors: Novais Maria Karolina Ohnesorge , Zaganelli Margareth Vetis 
Published: March 2023

This article aimed to discuss the compulsory application of vaccines in Brazil in the light of bioethical principles. Historical developments related to the handling of immunizers in the country were analyzed and interferences of the principles proposed by bioethics regarding the safe and effective application of the vaccine were identified. Also, reinforcing the notoriety of the theme in the current scenario, a debate was presented about the new perspectives that the Covid-19 pandemic provided with regard to compulsory vaccination. Finally, the role of the State was examined regarding the balance to be found in the search for the consolidation of the health rights inherent to the social body and the duties of public entities, through the National Immunization Program, in guaranteeing the excellent application of the Citizen Constitution of 1988. The research has a qualitative approach built from a bibliographic review with an integrative nature. As a conclusion, this study reveals the elementary nature of mandatory vaccination campaigns, especially in scenarios of population uncertainty regarding the safety of immunizers in which the role of government entities is emphasized by the necessary conservation of public health.