bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration and (De)Securitisation Dynamics at the Local Level: Discourses and Practices in South Tyrol
Authors: Carlà Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the past decades, South Tyrol, an Italian autonomous province with a German- and Ladin-speaking population and a power-sharing system to protect their cultural features, has witnessed the arrival of many migrants from foreign countries. In addition, as result of the increase in the refugee flows in recent years, thousands of asylum-seekers have passed through and settled in the province. Situated within the ‘local turn’ in migration studies and in the interplay between the fields of migration and security studies, this chapter analyses processes of (de)securitisation vis-à-vis migration in South Tyrol. Adopting the Copenhagen School’s understanding of securitisation as a speech act in combination with a sociological variant that highlights the role of practices, the chapter reveals how, to what extent and in what terms (de)securitisation dynamics have unfolded in South Tyrol regarding the settlement of migrant communities and recent refugee flows. I use a qualitative methodology that looks at discourses and practices as they have emerged in party programmes, political speeches, policy and legal documents. In this way, the chapter will offer a genealogy of (de)securitising discourses and practices at the substate level, revealing the anxieties and problems of dealing with migration when the arrival of migrants meets the presence of old minorities.
Migration Strategies at the Time of a Crisis: Asylum Applicants in Finland
Authors: Virkkunen Joni , Koikkalainen Saara , Piipponen Minna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring the 2015-2016 ‘migration crisis’ in Europe, more than 38.000 asylum seekers found their way to Finland by travelling through South and Central Europe and from Russia through the Arctic route. In this chapter, we examine the ‘migration crisis’ as a combination of different forms of crises. We focus on the perspective of the asylum applicants: In which ways do ‘crises’ function as drivers of migration for the people on the move? The analysis is based on two sets of qualitative data collected: 18 official asylum application protocols of Syrian migrants who came to Finland through Northern Russia and so-called the Arctic route and 25 interviews with Iraqi asylum seekers. We argue that the possibilities to settle in, and build a home and sentiments of belonging are dependent on the ability to feel secure in one’s everyday life, trust the system and be able to see a future in that place. The failure of this manifests as two types of crises in the lives of our informants: a crisis of trust, and a personal ontological crisis of existence.
Words to describe a black hole
Authors: Chang Chi-Ming , Lin Ying-Hsuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We revamp the constructive enumeration of 1/16-BPS states in the maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills in four dimensions, and search for ones that are not of multi-graviton form. A handful of such states are found for gauge group SU(2) at relatively high energies, resolving a decade-old enigma. Along the way, we clarify various subtleties in the literature, and prove a non-renormalization theorem about the exactness of the cohomological enumeration in perturbation theory. We point out a giant-graviton-like feature in our results, and envision that a deep analysis of our data will elucidate the fundamental properties of black hole microstates.
Screening a small hydrazide-hydrazone combinatorial library for targeting the STAT3 in monocyte-macrophages with insulated reporter transposons
Authors: Mossine Valeri V. , Kelley Steven P. , Waters James K. , Mawhinney Thomas P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) pharmacological targeting is regarded as a prospective approach to treat cancer, autoimmune disorders, or inflammatory diseases. We have developed a series of reporters of the STAT3, NF-κB, Nrf2, metal-responsive transcription factor-1 (MTF-1), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) transcriptional activation in human monocyte-macrophage line THP-1. The reporter lines were employed to test a set of hydrazide-hydrazones as potential STAT3 inhibitors. A hydrazide-hydrazone library composed of 70 binary combinations of 7 carbonyl and 10 hydrazide components, including a STAT3 inhibitor clinical drug nifuroxazide, has been assembled and screened by the reporters. For the library as a whole, significant correlations between responses of the STAT3 and NF-κB or the STAT3 and HIF-1α reporters in THP-1 monocytes were found. For selected inhibitory combinations, respective hydrazide-hydrazones have been prepared and tested individually. The most potent 2-acetylpyridine 4-chlorobenzoylhydrazone exhibited the STAT3 inhibitory potential significantly exceeding that of nifuroxazide (ED50 2 vs 50 μM respectively) in THP-1 cells. We conclude that insulated reporter transposons could be a useful tool for drug discovery applications.
Graphical Abstract
Radial variation in anatomical wood characteristics and physical properties of Paulownia elongata x Paulownia fortunei hybrid Cotevisa 2 from fast-growing plantations
Authors: Fos Mariano , Oliver-Villanueva Jose-Vicente , Vazquez Miguel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe trend of increasing demand for wood raw material is becoming of great global concern. Fast-growing plantations, such as those of Paulownia, are being established in different parts of the world, as a viable alternative to quickly produce quality wood at competitive costs. The presence and proportion of juvenile wood directly influences the capacity and possibilities of industrial transformation for sawn timber, veneer or plywood for furniture, construction or packaging purposes. The objective of the research is to analyze the radial variation of physical and anatomical characteristics of Paulownia elongata x fortune hybrid Cotevisa 2 wood from fast-growing plantations. A sample of 14 trees from a seven-year-old plantation established in Valencia (Spain) with a planting frame of 4 m × 4 m was used. Although there is no data from subsequent rings to the 6th, the obtained results indicate that from the 5th year of growth, the wood of Paulownia elongata x fortunei Cotevisa 2 could stabilize in some key parameters such as the radial growth of the rings, the structure and proportion of the vessels, the structure of the cell wall, the density of the material and the behavior in terms of dimensional stability in the drying process. Thus, for practical purposes, we can indicate that the transition from juvenile wood to mature wood can begin from the 5th year of growth. Enlarging the rotation in few years reduces significantly the presence of juvenile wood and contributes to improve the roundwood quality for added-value solid wood products.
Influence of deoxynivalenol-contaminated feed on the immune response of pigs after PRRSV vaccination and infection
Authors: Pierron Alix , Vatzia Eleni , Stadler Maria , Mair Kerstin H. , Schmidt Selma , Stas Melissa R. , Dürlinger Sophie , Kreutzmann Heinrich , Knecht Christian , Balka Gyula , Lagler Julia , Zaruba Marianne , Rümenapf Till , Saalmüller Armin , Mayer Elisabeth , Ladinig Andrea , Gerner Wilhelm 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe impact of the Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) on the immune response against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination and infection was investigated. Forty-two weaned piglets were separated into seven groups and received three different diets: Low DON (1.09 ppm), High DON (2.81 ppm) or No DON. These three treatments were split further into either vaccinated (Ingelvac PRRSFLEX EU) and challenged with PRRSV 28 days post-vaccination, or only infected at day 28. A seventh group received no DON, no vaccination, and no infection. Two weeks after challenge infection, when pigs were euthanized, the number of IFN-γ producing lymphocytes in the blood of vaccinated animals was lower in pigs on High DON compared to animals on Low DON or No DON. Intracellular cytokine staining showed that vaccinated animals fed with the Low DON diet had higher frequencies of TNF-α/IFN-γ co-producing CD4+ T cells than the other two vaccinated groups, particularly in lung tissue. Vaccinated animals on High DON had similar viral loads in the lung as the non-vaccinated groups, but several animals of the Low DON or No DON group receiving vaccination had reduced titers. In these two groups, there was a negative correlation between lung virus titers and vaccine-specific TNF-α/IFN-γ co-producing CD4+ T cells located either in lung tissue or blood. These results indicate that after PRRSV vaccination and infection, high levels of DON negatively influence immune parameters and clearance of the virus, whereas low DON concentrations have immunomodulatory effects.
Influence of foliar treatments with methyl jasmonate and methyl jasmonate-doped nanoparticles on nitrogen composition of Tempranillo grapes during two vintages
Authors: Garde-Cerdán Teresa , Sáenz de Urturi Itziar , Marín-San Román Sandra , Murillo-Peña Rebeca , Ramírez-Rodríguez Gloria B. , Delgado-López José M. , Pérez-Álvarez Eva P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNanoparticles are emerging as a cutting-edge technology to improve crop agricultural input efficiency and reduce biotic and abiotic stresses. In viticulture, nanoparticles hold promise for the sustainable application of an elicitor (methyl jasmonate, MeJ), allowing a considerable dosage reduction. Herein, the influence of the foliar application of free MeJ (10 mM) and MeJ nanoformulation (ACP-MeJ, 1 mM MeJ) on Tempranillo grape amino acids content over two vintages (2019 and 2020) was evaluated. While both MeJ treatments provided a significant increase of the amino nitrogen and yeast assimilable nitrogen in the must in 2019, there were no significant differences on these parameters in 2020. In 2019, MeJ treatment enhanced the synthesis of most of the amino acids included in this study, while ACP-MeJ promoted the formation of six amino acids. Hence, the content of total amino acids, with and without proline, was higher after applying MeJ than in the control musts. However, these values were higher for control must than for MeJ samples in 2020. The multivariable analysis confirmed that the vintage factor had a more prominent effect on the overall parameters of the musts. This strong influence of the vintage could be related to the higher rainfall in 2020.
Molecular dynamics of seed priming at the crossroads between basic and applied research
Authors: Pagano Andrea , Macovei Anca , Balestrazzi Alma 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Key message
The potential of seed priming is still not fully exploited. Our limited knowledge of the molecular dynamics of seed pre-germinative metabolism is the main hindrance to more effective new-generation techniques.

Abstract
Climate change and other recent global crises are disrupting food security. To cope with the current demand for increased food, feed, and biofuel production, while preserving sustainability, continuous technological innovation should be provided to the agri-food sector. Seed priming, a pre-sowing technique used to increase seed vigor, has become a valuable tool due to its potential to enhance germination and stress resilience under changing environments. Successful priming protocols result from the ability to properly act on the seed pre-germinative metabolism and stimulate events that are crucial for seed quality. However, the technique still requires constant optimization, and researchers are committed to addressing some key open questions to overcome such drawbacks. In this review, an update of the current scientific and technical knowledge related to seed priming is provided. The rehydration–dehydration cycle associated with priming treatments can be described in terms of metabolic pathways that are triggered, modulated, or turned off, depending on the seed physiological stage. Understanding the ways seed priming affects, either positively or negatively, such metabolic pathways and impacts gene expression and protein/metabolite accumulation/depletion represents an essential step toward the identification of novel seed quality hallmarks. The need to expand the basic knowledge on the molecular mechanisms ruling the seed response to priming is underlined along with the strong potential of applied research on primed seeds as a source of seed quality hallmarks. This route will hasten the implementation of seed priming techniques needed to support sustainable agriculture systems.
A Diffuse-Interface Approach for Solid-State Dewetting with Anisotropic Surface Energies
Authors: Garcke Harald , Knopf Patrik , Nürnberg Robert , Zhao Quan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a diffuse-interface model for the solid-state dewetting problem with anisotropic surface energies in$${\mathbb {R}}^d$$Rdfor$$d\in \{2,3\}$$d∈{2,3}. The introduced model consists of the anisotropic Cahn–Hilliard equation, with either a smooth or a double-obstacle potential, together with a degenerate mobility function and appropriate boundary conditions on the wall. Upon regularizing the introduced diffuse-interface model, and with the help of suitable asymptotic expansions, we recover as the sharp-interface limit the anisotropic surface diffusion flow for the interface together with an anisotropic Young’s law and a zero-flux condition at the contact line of the interface with a fixed external boundary. Furthermore, we show the existence of weak solutions for the regularized model, for both smooth and obstacle potential. Numerical results based on an appropriate finite element approximation are presented to demonstrate the excellent agreement between the proposed diffuse-interface model and its sharp-interface limit.
Analysis of the cervical microbiome in women from the German national cervical cancer screening program
Authors: Condic Mateja , Neidhöfer Claudio , Ralser Damian J. , Wetzig Nina , Thiele Ralf , Sieber Martin , Otten Lucia A. , Warwas Leonie K. , Hoerauf Achim , Mustea Alexander , Parčina Marijo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cervical cancer (CC) is caused by a persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection. The cervico-vaginal microbiome may influence the development of (pre)cancer lesions. Aim of the study was (i) to evaluate the new CC screening program in Germany for the detection of high-grade CC precursor lesions, and (ii) to elucidate the role of the cervico-vaginal microbiome and its potential impact on cervical dysplasia.

Methods
The microbiome of 310 patients referred to colposcopy was determined by amplicon sequencing and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.

Results
Most patients were referred for colposcopy due to a positive hrHPV result in two consecutive years combined with a normal PAP smear. In 2.1% of these cases, a CIN III lesion was detected. There was a significant positive association between the PAP stage and Lactobacillus vaginalis colonization and between the severity of CC precursor lesions and Ureaplasma parvum.

Conclusion
In our cohort, the new cervical cancer screening program resulted in a low rate of additional CIN III detected. It is questionable whether these cases were only identified earlier with additional HPV testing before the appearance of cytological abnormalities, or the new screening program will truly increase the detection rate of CIN III in the long run. Colonization with U. parvum was associated with histological dysplastic lesions. Whether targeted therapy of this pathogen or optimization of the microbiome prevents dysplasia remains speculative.
Pomalidomide combinations are a safe and effective option after daratumumab failure
Authors: Brioli Annamaria , Gengenbach Laura , Mancuso Katia , Binder Mascha , Ernst Thomas , Heidel Florian H. , Stauch Thomas , Zamagni Elena , Hilgendorf Inken , Hochhaus Andreas , Engelhardt Monika , von Lilienfeld-Toal Marie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) patients who are refractory to daratumumab are dismal and no standard of treatment exists for this patients’ population. Here, we investigate the role of pomalidomide combinations in daratumumab-refractory MM patients.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of myeloma patients treated at four referral centers (three in Germany and one in Italy). Review chart identified 30 patients with relapsed and refractory myeloma, who progressed during treatment with daratumumab and were treated with pomalidomide-based combinations in the subsequent lines of therapy.

Results
Responses improved from 37% with daratumumab to 53% with pomalidomide. Of seven patients with extramedullary MM (EMM), four achieved a clinical stabilization with pomalidomide, including one patient with a long-lasting complete response. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 6 and 12 months, respectively. Pomalidomide combinations were well tolerated, no patient discontinued treatment due to adverse events.

Conclusion
These data show that pomalidomide-based combinations can be an effective and safe salvage regimen for daratumumab-refractory patients, including those with EMM.
In memoriam: Theodor Hiepe (1929–2022)—great German scholar of parasitology
Authors: Matuschewski Kai , Lucius Richard , von Samson-Himmelstjerna Georg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTheodor Hiepe (1929-2022) was an outstanding researcher, a world-renowned scientist, a dedicated teacher and a great mentor. During his scientific career, which spanned over 60 years, he made major contributions to many different fields of parasitology. With the passing of Dr. h.c. mult. Theodor Hiepe in September 2022 the scientific community suffered a great loss.
Persistent Features of Laryngeal Injury Following Endotracheal Intubation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kelly Eileen , Hirschwald Julia , Clemens Julie , Regan Julie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis systematic review examined (i) prevalence, severity, and impact of persistent post-extubation laryngeal injury beyond hospital discharge and (ii) differences in persistent laryngeal injury between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 populations. The review was completed following PRISMA-2020 guidelines. Four databases (PubMed, CINHAL complete, EMBASE, Web of Science) were searched (inception to March 2021). Screening, full text review and data extraction were completed by two reviewers. Primary outcomes were swallow, voice and cough and airway measures obtained after hospital discharge. Quality assessment was measured using Downs & Black Tool and Johanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Cohort Studies. Meta-analysis was not completed due to study heterogeneity. Six cohort studies were included. Total number of participants across the included studies was 436. ICU admission diagnoses included respiratory disease 46% (COVID-19 and non-COVID-19), sepsis 14%, non-sepsis-related organ dysfunction 9%, general medical 11%, general surgical 10%, trauma 2%, ENT 0.6% and other not specified by authors 7%. Outcomes were obtained between 2 and 60 months post hospital discharge. Assessment methods included endoscopic evaluation, clinician ratings and patient-reported outcomes. Persistent features of laryngeal injury identified were airway abnormalities (18.9–27%), dysphonia (13.2–60%) and dysphagia (23–33%). Persistent laryngeal injury was associated with ICU length of stay, respiratory diagnosis and tracheostomy. Study quality ranged from poor-good. This is the first systematic review to examine post-extubation laryngeal injury beyond hospital discharge. Significant gaps in the literature were identified. Given the impact on clinical and patient outcomes, large scale, well-designed research is needed to guide post-ICU service delivery.
A fully implicit and thermodynamically consistent finite element framework for bone remodeling simulations
Authors: Bittens Maximilian , Nackenhorst Udo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work addresses the thermodynamically consistent formulation of bone remodeling as a fully implicit finite element material model. To this end, bone remodeling is described in the framework of thermodynamics for open systems resulting in a thermodynamically consistent constitutive law. In close analogy to elastoplastic material modeling, the constitutive equations are implicitly integrated in time and incorporated into a finite element weak form. A consistent linearization scheme is provided for the subsequent incremental non-linear boundary value problem, resulting in a computationally efficient description of bone remodeling. The presented model is suitable for implementation in any standard finite element framework with quadratic or higher-order element types. Two numerical examples in three dimensions are shown as proof of the efficiency of the proposed method.
TRANSPARENT: a Python tool for designing transcription factor regulatory networks
Authors: Derelitto Carlo , Santoni Daniele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTranscription factors are proteins able to selectively bind DNA short traits, namely transcription factors binding sites, in order to regulate gene expression in terms of both repression and activation. Despite plenty of studies focusing on transcription factors and on the role they play in specific biological tasks or diseases, is available in the literature, to our knowledge there is no tool able to automatically provide a list of transcription factors involved in this task and the associated interaction network through a solid computational analysis. TRANScriPtion fActor REgulatory NeTwork (TRANSPARENT) is a user-friendly Python tool designed to help researchers in studying given biological tasks or given diseases in human, by identifying transcription factors controlling and regulating the expression of genes associated with that task or disease. The tool takes in input a list of gene IDs and provides (1) a set of transcription factors that are significantly associated with the input genes, (2) the correspondent P values (i.e., the probability that this observed association was driven by chance) and (3) a transcription factor network that can be directly visualized through STRING database. The effectiveness and reliability of the tool were assessed by applying it to two different test cases: schizophrenia and autism disorders. The obtained results clearly show that identified TFs, for both datasets, are significantly associated with those disorders, in terms of both gene enrichment and coherence with the literature. The proposed tool TRANSPARENT can be a useful instrument to investigate transcription factor networks and unveil the role that TFs play in given biological tasks and diseases.
Anisotropic Triebel-Lizorkin spaces and wavelet coefficient decay over one-parameter dilation groups, II
Authors: Koppensteiner Sarah , van Velthoven Jordy Timo , Voigtlaender Felix 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContinuing previous work, this paper provides maximal characterizations of anisotropic Triebel-Lizorkin spaces$$\dot{\textbf{F}}^{\alpha }_{p,q}$$F˙p,qαfor the endpoint case of$$p = \infty $$p=∞and the full scale of parameters$$\alpha \in \mathbb {R}$$α∈Rand$$q \in (0,\infty ]$$q∈(0,∞]. In particular, a Peetre-type characterization of the anisotropic Besov space$$\dot{\textbf{B}}^{\alpha }_{\infty ,\infty } = \dot{\textbf{F}}^{\alpha }_{\infty ,\infty }$$B˙∞,∞α=F˙∞,∞αis obtained. As a consequence, it is shown that there exist dual molecular frames and Riesz sequences in$$\dot{\textbf{F}}^{\alpha }_{\infty ,q}$$F˙∞,qα.