bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of bone cement sealing of the intramedullary femoral canal on coagulation status after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective thromboelastography study
Authors: Chen Jiahao , Zhang Qiang , Wang Hu , Sun Yingjin , Liu Ning , Chen Xiang-Yang , Zhao Shuai , Feng Shuo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The main objective of this study was to investigate whether the use of bone cement in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has an effect on postoperative coagulation status and bleeding.

Methods
153 patients who underwent unilateral TKA between September 2019 and February 2023 were collected and divided into Bone and Cement&Bone groups according to whether bone cement was used to seal the bone medullary canal intraoperatively. Routine blood and thromboelastography (TEG) examinations were performed on the day before, the first day and the seventh day after surgery; postoperative bleeding, drainage, transfusion rate and the number of people suffering from deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were recorded.

Results
There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of baseline clinical characteristics before surgery (P > 0.05). In terms of TEG indicators, the coagulation index (CI) of the Bone&Cement group was lower than that of the Bone group on the first postoperative day and on the seventh postoperative day (P < 0.05). The CI of patients in the Bone group on the first postoperative day was lower than that of the preoperative day (P < 0.05); in terms of blood loss, the total blood loss and occult blood loss were lower in the Bone&Cement group than in the Bone group (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in postoperative drainage,transfusion rate and the incidence of DVT between the two groups.

Conclusion
Blocking the intramedullary canal of the femur with bone cement during TKA improves relative postoperative hypocoagulation and reduces postoperative blood loss, although there is no significant effect on transfusion rates, drainage and DVT.
Biomechanical investigation of the hybrid lumbar fixation technique with traditional and cortical bone trajectories in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: finite element analysis
Authors: Huang Ying , Maimaiti Abulikemu , Tian Yiming , Li Zhengrong , Kahaer Alafate , Rexiti Paerhati 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To compare the biomechanical performance of the hybrid lumbar fixation technique with the traditional and cortical bone trajectory techniques using the finite element method.

Methods
Four adult wet lumbar spine specimens were provided by the Department of Anatomy and Research of Xinjiang Medical University, and four L1–S1 lumbar spine with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) models at L4–L5 segment and four different fixation techniques were established: bilateral traditional trajectory screw fixation (TT–TT), bilateral cortical bone trajectory screw fixation (CBT–CBT), hybrid CBT–TT (CBT screws at L4 and TT screws at L5) and TT–CBT (TT screws at L4 and CBT screws at L5). The range of motion (ROM) of the L4–L5 segment, von Mises stress of cage, internal fixation, and rod were compared in flexion, extension, left and right bending, and left and right rotation.

Results
Compared with the TT–TT group, the TT–CBT group exhibited lower ROM of L4–L5 segment, especially in left-sided bending; the CBT–TT group had the lowest ROM of L4–L5 segment in flexion and extension among the four fixation methods. Compared with the CBT–CBT group, the peak cage stress in the TT–CBT group was reduced by 9.9%, 18.1%, 21.5%, 23.3%, and 26.1% in flexion, left bending, right bending, left rotation, and right rotation conditions, respectively, but not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The peak stress of the internal fixation system in the TT–CBT group was significantly lower than the other three fixation methods in all five conditions except for extension, with a statistically significant difference between the CBT–TT and TT–CBT groups in the left rotation condition (P = 0.017). In addition, compared with the CBT–CBT group, the peak stress of the rod in the CBT–TT group decreased by 34.8%, 32.1%, 28.2%, 29.3%, and 43.0% under the six working conditions of flexion, extension, left bending, left rotation, and right rotation, respectively, but not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Compared with the TT–TT and CBT–CBT fixation methods in TLIF, the hybrid lumbar fixation CBT–TT and TT–CBT techniques increase the biomechanical stability of the internal fixation structure of the lumbar fusion segment to a certain extent and provide a corresponding theoretical basis for further development in the clinic.
Effects of genus Epimedium in the treatment of osteoarthritis and relevant signaling pathways
Authors: Tong Xue , Wang Yan , Dong Benchao , Li Yan , Lang Shuang , Ma Jianxiong , Ma Xinlong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease in clinical practice with a high prevalence, especially in the elderly. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) believes that OA belongs to the category of “Bi syndrome” and the “bone Bi syndrome”. The etiology and pathogenesis lie in the deficiency of the liver and kidney, the deficiency of Qi and blood, and external exposure to wind, cold, and dampness. Epimedium is a yang-reinforcing herb in TCM, which can tonify the liver and kidney, strengthen muscles and bones, dispel wind, cold and dampness, and can treat both the symptoms and the root cause of “bone Bi syndrome”. In addition, Epimedium contains a large number of ingredients. Through modern science and technology, more than 270 compounds have been found in Epimedium, among which flavonoids are the main active ingredients. Therefore, our study will review the effects and mechanisms of genus Epimedium in treating OA from two aspects: (1) Introduction of Epimedium and its main active ingredients; (2) Effects of Epimedium and its active ingredients in treating OA and relevant signaling pathways, in order to provide more ideas for OA treatment.
Antiproliferative effects of mesenchymal stem cells carrying Newcastle disease virus and Lactobacillus Casei extract on CT26 Cell line: synergistic effects in cancer therapy
Authors: Ghorbani Alvanegh Akbar , Mirzaei Nodooshan Majid , Dorostkar Ruhollah , Ranjbar Reza , Jalali Kondori Bahman , Shahriary Alireza , Parastouei Karim , Vazifedust Soheil , Afrasiab Elmira , Esmaeili Gouvarchinghaleh Hadi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a frequent malignancy with a high mortality rate. Specific inherited and environmental influences can affect CRC. Oncolytic viruses and bacteria in treating CRC are one of the innovative therapeutic options. This study aims to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infected with the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in combination with Lactobacillus casei extract (L. casei) have a synergistic effects on CRC cell line growth.

Materials and methods
MSCs taken from the bone marrow of BALB/c mice and were infected with the 20 MOI of NDV. Then, using the CT26 cell line in various groups as a single and combined treatment, the anticancer potential of MSCs containing the NDV and L. casei extract was examined. The evaluations considered the CT26 survival and the rate at which LDH, ROS, and levels of caspases eight and nine were produced following various treatments.

Results
NDV, MSCs-NDV, and L. casei in alone or combined treatment significantly increased apoptosis percent, LDH, and ROS production compared with the control group (P˂0.05). Also, NDV, in free or capsulated in MSCs, had anticancer effects, but in capsulated form, it had a delay compared with free NDV. The findings proved that L. casei primarily stimulates the extrinsic pathway, while NDV therapy promotes apoptosis through the activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways.

Conclusions
The results suggest that MSCs carrying oncolytic NDV in combination with L. casei extract as a potentially effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy by promoting the generation of LDH, ROS, and apoptosis in the microenvironment of the CT26 cell line.
Urine shedding patterns of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in dairy cows
Authors: Monti Gustavo , Montes Victor , Tortosa Pablo , Tejeda Carlos , Salgado Miguel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPathogenic Leptospira spp. are zoonotic bacteria that infect wild and domestic animals. Humans contract leptospirosis directly through contact with infected animals or indirectly from contaminated water or soil. In mammalian reservoirs, the pathogen can colonize renal tubules for lengthy periods and persistently contaminate the environment through urine. Cattle have been reported to shed several serovars; with Hardjo the most common serovar found in cattle. Without clinical manifestations, the infection can spread within a herd, impairing productivity, and putting workers like farmers, abattoir operators and veterinarians at risk. The dynamics of pathogenic Leptospira shedding was studied in six dairy herds in southern Chile. Various intermittent urine shedding patterns were found, with elimination periods between 79 and 259 days and bacterial loads ranging from 3 × 104 to 4.4 × 104 bacteria/mL. The current study was the first to assess the various urine shedding patterns and loads of pathogenic leptospires shed through urine of naturally-infected dairy cows. In addition, the study suggests that vaccination does not prevent cattle infection, although it influences loads of pathogenic leptospires excreted in urine. Our study provides a great awareness of asymptomatic animal carriers in an endemic area and will contribute to improving disease control and designing better prevention strategies.
Maintenance schedule optimization based on distribution characteristics of the extreme temperature and relative humidity of Cave 87 in the Mogao Grottoes
Authors: Zhang Yanjie , Wang Yajun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Frequent fluctuations in microclimate inevitably cause serious irreversible damage to cultural heritage (such as high risks of cracking, flaking, salt efflorescence, swelling, disaggregation, surface layer detachment, and even microbe diseases). For the caves closed to the visitors, specifying a more rational schedule to minimize human influences on the microclimate is urgent and significant for daily maintenance of the Mogao Grottoes. Interior microclimate fluctuations are caused by air convection between the inside and outside environments, which is highly related to internal and external microclimate differences. Therefore, the occurrence times of the extreme values of temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), T difference (inside T minus outside T), and RH difference (inside RH minus outside RH) between the inside and outside environments of Cave 87 were analysed. The results indicated that the times of the extreme T/RH and T/RH differences showed obvious seasonal characteristics. From April to September, both the daily minimum T and RH differences mainly occurred from 8 am ~ 11 am, and the maximum differences were observed from 16 pm ~ 21 pm. This indicates that door openings for daily investigation and maintenance should be arranged in the morning rather than in the afternoon. The times of the daily extreme T and RH differences occurred from 16 pm ~ 19 pm (minimum) and 8 am ~ 11 am (maximum) from January ~ March and October ~ December, and the door opening time should be accordingly optimized. The analysis results provide more reasonable and specific door opening times for Cave 87 and a scientific reference for preventive conservation of the Mogao Grottoes.
Typical carcinoid in right middle lobe of pulmonary hypoplasia
Authors: Kubouchi Yasuaki , Kojima Shunsuke , Fujiwara Wakako , Miyamoto Tatsuya , Matsui Shinji , Ohno Takashi , Haruki Tomohiro , Nakamura Hiroshige 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary typical carcinoid occurring in hypoplasia of the right middle lobe is very rare.

Case presentation
A routine examination's chest X-ray revealed an abnormal shadow in the right middle lung field of an 82-year-old Japanese woman. A chest computed tomography scan showed a solid 2.5 × 2.0-cm nodule in the very small right middle lobe. A trans-bronchial lung biopsy of the mass in the right middle lobe was performed; it revealed atypical cells with round nuclei growing in multiple foci, and immunostaining was positive for chromogranin A, synaptophysin and CD56, suggesting pulmonary carcinoid. The preoperative clinical diagnosis of primary lung cancer, cT1cN0M0 stage IA3 was considered. A right middle lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed by video-assisted thoracic surgery. Intraoperatively, the middle lobe of the right lung was very small, with 1- to 2-mm-dia. pulmonary arteries and veins that were considered hypoplastic. The final histopathological diagnosis was typical carcinoid, pT2aN0M0 stage IB based on the presence of pleural invasion.

Conclusions
Including the present patient, only nine cases of lung cancer occurring within pulmonary hypoplasia have been reported, most of which were typical carcinoid.
Immunohistochemical expression of P53 protein in nephroblastoma: a predictor of unfavorable prognosis
Authors: Morgan Emmanuel D. , Yahaya James J. , Ngaiza Advera I. , Othieno Emmanuel , Livex Okwi A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Immunohistochemical expression of P53 protein is so closely related to status of mutation of P53 gene which is tightly linked with pathogenesis of nephroblastoma or Wilms tumor. This study aims to determine the immunohistochemical expression of P53 protein and its predictors in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients with nephroblastoma.

Materials and methods
A series of 83 histologically diagnosed cases of nephroblastoma from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks archived at the Department of Pathology, Makerere University, in Kampala, Uganda, were analyzed. Monoclonal anti-p53 antibody (DO-7, DAKO) was used to assess the expression of P53 protein expression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of P53 protein immunohistochemical expression, and statistical significance was considered when p-value was less than 0.05.

Results
Most (42.2%, n = 35) of the cases were in advanced tumor stages (III–V), and almost one-quarter (21.7%, n = 18) of the cases were in high-risk group. The immunohistochemical expression of P53 protein was (8.4%, n = 7), and there were more (83.3%, n = 5) positive anaplastic cases for P53 protein compared with (2.6%, n = 2) of P53 expression for non-anaplastic cases. High risk (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI = 7.91–12.55, p = 0.037) and anaplasia (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 13.85–4.46, p = 0.001) were potential predictors of immunohistochemical expression of P53 protein.

Conclusion
Most of patients with nephroblastoma in resources-limited settings are diagnosed with advanced clinical stages. Association of P53 protein with anaplasia found in this study indicates the possibility of having novel target therapy for treatment of patients with anaplastic form of nephroblastoma with a focus of identifying molecules that lead to its suppression in such subpopulations of patients with nephroblastoma.
Strategies to Promote Vaccine Uptake in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the “Ladder of Intrusiveness” in Three Countries
Authors: Cacace Mirella , Castelli Michele , Toth Federico 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Context: A key task for countries around the world facing the COVID-19 pandemic was to achieve high vaccination coverage of the population. To overcome “vaccination inertia,” governments adopted a variety of policy instruments. These instruments can be placed along a “ladder of intrusiveness” based on their degree of constraint of individual freedoms. The aim of this study is to investigate how the governments of three European countries moved along the ladder of intrusiveness and how the choice of policy instruments was influenced by contextual factors.
Methods: The study draws on secondary data sources, including academic and gray literature, policy documents, and opinion polls, over an observation period from December 2020 to summer 2022. The study employs inductive logic to analyze data and identify the factors explaining similarities and differences across England, Germany, and Italy.
Findings: The study identifies similarities and differences in how the three countries advanced along the ladder of intrusiveness. Contextual factors such as policy legacy, social acceptability, and ideological orientation contribute to explain the observations.
Conclusions: Country-specific contextual factors play an important role in understanding the choice of policy instruments adopted by the three countries. Policy makers should carefully consider these factors when planning immunization strategies.
Mechanotransduction through hemidesmosomes during aging and longevity
Authors: Ewald Collin Y. , Nyström Alexander 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Hemidesmosomes are structural protein complexes localized at the interface of tissues with high mechanical demand and shear forces. Beyond tissue anchoring, hemidesmosomes have emerged as force-modulating structures important for translating mechanical cues into biochemical and transcriptional adaptation (i.e. mechanotransduction) across tissues. Here, we discuss the recent insights into the roles of hemidesmosomes in age-related tissue regeneration and aging in C. elegans, mice and humans. We highlight the emerging concept of preserved dynamic mechanoregulation of hemidesmosomes in tissue maintenance and healthy aging.
α- and β-tubulin C-terminal tails with distinct modifications are crucial for ciliary motility and assembly
Authors: Kubo Tomohiro , Tani Yuma , Yanagisawa Haru-Aki , Kikkawa Masahide , Oda Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
α- and β-tubulin have an unstructured glutamate-rich region at their C-terminal tails (CTTs). The function of this region in cilia and flagella is still unclear, except that glutamates in CTTs act as the sites for post-translational modifications that affect ciliary motility. The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas possesses only two α-tubulin and two β-tubulin genes, each pair encoding an identical protein. This simple gene organization might enable a complete replacement of the wild-type tubulin with its mutated version. Here, using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated mutant strains expressing tubulins with modified CTTs. We found that the mutant strain in which four glutamate residues in the α-tubulin CTT had been replaced by alanine almost completely lacked polyglutamylated tubulin and displayed paralyzed cilia. In contrast, the mutant strain lacking the glutamate-rich region of the β-tubulin CTT assembled short cilia without the central apparatus. This phenotype is similar to mutant strains harboring a mutation in a subunit of katanin, the function of which has been shown to depend on the β-tubulin CTT. Therefore, our study reveals distinct and important roles of α- and β-tubulin CTTs in the formation and function of cilia.
Evolving views of ionic, osmotic and acid–base regulation in aquatic animals
Authors: Tresguerres Martin , Kwan Garfield T. , Weinrauch Alyssa 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The regulation of ionic, osmotic and acid–base (IOAB) conditions in biological fluids is among the most fundamental functions in all organisms; being surrounded by water uniquely shapes the IOAB regulatory strategies of water-breathing animals. Throughout its centennial history, Journal of Experimental Biology has established itself as a premier venue for publication of comparative, environmental and evolutionary studies on IOAB regulation. This Review provides a synopsis of IOAB regulation in aquatic animals, some of the most significant research milestones in the field, and evolving views about the underlying cellular mechanisms and their evolutionary implications. It also identifies promising areas for future research and proposes ideas for enhancing the impact of aquatic IOAB research.
TRAINING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-CONTROL AS A PERSONAL RESOURCE TO OVERCOME PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT
Authors: Titova Mariya 
Published: July 2023

The stressfulness of the performance of district police officers causes the occurrence of a syndrome of professional burnout of employees. In this regard, special measures of psychological and pedagogical support for the development of self-control are required as one of the main personal resources for the prevention and overcoming of professional burnout by district police officers. An effective method aimed at developing the self-control of district police officers is a specially organized training designed to promote the psychological recovery of employees and, ultimately, increase satisfaction with their professional activities, increase psychological well-being at work and reduce professional burnout.
The article proposes a training program for the development of self-control as a personal resource for overcoming professional burnout.
Analysis of legal and socio-psychological aspects of the «childfree» phenomenon
Authors: Deulin Dmitriy , Petrov Vladislav , Artyushenko Alexey 
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the psychological foundations of «conscious childlessness» as a complex socio-psychological phenomenon, as well as the formation of a psychologically and legally justified attitude to it. The subject of the scientific research was the psychology of the phenomenology of «childfree», its purpose was to study the legal and socio–psychological aspects of «conscious childlessness». The research methodology was based on axiological, phenomenological, humanistic, genetic and activity approaches in psychology, the provisions of gender psychology, family psychology and deviantology. Both general philosophical research methods (abstraction, deduction, induction) and a private scientific method – content analysis of domestic and foreign sources on the Childfree problem were used. 20 diverse publications were analyzed, primarily in the field of deviantology, family psychology, social psychology and engineering, regulatory legal acts.
As a result of the study, the corresponding genesis and multifactorial determination of the ideology of «conscious childlessness» are shown. Potentiating the emergence of childfree tendencies in society were social attitudes, the development of feminist movements, the leveling of biological instincts of generosity, the spread of psychotechnologies of social engineering, the change in the technological way of life of society. A special role in the existence of «childfree» as a phenomenon is assigned to economic goal-setting. The negative consequences of «conscious childlessness» for society are given. Since the conscious philosophy of childlessness aggravates the demographic situation in the state, the objective necessity of solving this problem at the level of the state and society, as well as in practical psychology, is justified. The novelty of the scientific research is that it shows an atypical path for social development and a socially dangerous (dead-end) path of childbirth – conscious childlessness. The material of the article is aimed at strengthening the institution of family and marriage, as well as psychological prevention of the occurrence and existence of the phenomenon of childfree in Russia.
Convergence Rates for Regularized Optimal Transport via Quantization
Authors: Eckstein Stephan , Nutz Marcel 
Published: July 2023

We study the convergence of divergence-regularized optimal transport as the regularization parameter vanishes. Sharp rates for general divergences including relative entropy or Lp regularization, general transport costs, and multimarginal problems are obtained. A novel methodology using quantization and martingale couplings is suitable for noncompact marginals and achieves, in particular, the sharp leading-order term of entropically regularized 2-Wasserstein distance for marginals with a finite [Formula: see text]-moment. Funding: This work was supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation [Grant FG-2016-6282] and the Division of Mathematical Sciences [Grants DMS-1812661 and DMS-2106056].