bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the effectiveness of dust control measures adopted to reduce workplace exposure
Authors: Anlimah Frederick , Gopaldasani Vinod , MacPhail Catherine , Davies Brian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe recent increase in silicosis cases in several countries casts doubt on dust control practices and their effectiveness in preventing respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure. Apart from silicosis, RCS may lead to other illnesses, health-related quality of life losses for workers and their families, and economic losses for companies. Thus, this systematic literature review examined the effectiveness of interventions employed to prevent exposure to RCS and increase the use of dust control measures. The review used keywords related to dust control interventions to search seven databases. Search results were screened and extracted for synthesis. The narrative synthesis showed the extent of research investment in China. In several designs and combinations, the interventions utilized water, surfactant, foam, and air currents to reduce dust exposure. These interventions offer varying degrees of dust control effectiveness against RCS and respirable dust. Although evidence indicates that interventions significantly decrease dust concentration levels, the control measures in place may not effectively prevent workplace overexposure to RCS. The review found that education and training interventions are employed to improve dust controls and respiratory protective equipment (RPE) use. Also, marketing strategies promote the use of RPE. These interventions can increase the frequency of use of RPE and the adoption of best practice dust control measures. Interventions increase knowledge, awareness, and attitudes about RPE usage and generate positive perceptions while reducing misconceptions. However, the benefits obtained from an intervention may diminish after its implementation, indicating that the interventions may not continually motivate workers to adopt control measures or use RPE.
Plasma levels of neurology-related proteins are associated with cognitive performance in an older population with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Llaurador-Coll Martí , Rios Santiago , García-Gavilán Jesus F. , Babio Nancy , Vilella Elisabet , Salas-Salvadó Jordi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCognitive impairment is present in a broad spectrum of medical conditions and in aging. Here, we aimed to identify plasma proteins related to cognitive function in a sample of older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. A total of 129 subjects (mean age 64.7 years; 36% females) were grouped according to low (l-GCF, N=65) or high (h-GCF, N=64) global cognitive function and matched according to education, sex, age, and body mass index. Cognitive performance was assessed using neuropsychological tests. Plasma levels of 92 neurology-related proteins were assessed using a proximity extension assay. An elastic net regression analysis was used to identify proteins more associated with cognitive performance. Additionally, the protein expression levels were compared between the two groups by means of a t-test with false discovery rate correction. Pearson correlations were used to assess associations between the protein levels and scores from the neurocognitive tests. Six proteins (alpha-2-MRAP, HAGH, Siglec-9, MDGA1, IL12, and EDA2R) were identified as potential contributors to cognitive performance, remaining significantly increased in l-GCF compared to h-GCF participants after correction for multiple testing. Negative correlations (r= −0.23 to −0.18, i.e., lower protein levels, higher cognitive function) were found between global cognitive function and Siglec-9, NMNAT1, HAGH, LXN, gal-8, alpha-2-MRAP, IL12, PDGF-R-alpha, NAAA, EDA2R, CLEC1B, and LAT. Mini-mental state examination z scores showed the strongest correlations with protein levels, specifically negative correlations with CLEC1b, LXN, LAT, PLXNB3, NMNAT1, gal-8, HAGH, NAAA, CTSS, EZR, KYNU, MANF (r=−0.38 to −0.26) and a positive correlation with ADAM23 (r= 0.26). In summary, we identified several plasma proteins that were significantly associated with cognitive performance in older adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome, although further research is needed to replicate the results in larger samples and to include a predictive perspective.
Applying an iterative prospective LCA approach to emerging wood-based technologies: three German case studies
Authors: Sander-Titgemeyer Anna , Risse Michael , Weber-Blaschke Gabriele 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeThe innovative utilization of hardwood as a future material resource can contribute to a wood-based bioeconomy. Many hardwood-based products are still at the developmental stage, so it is crucial to assess and improve their environmental performance now. Given the lack of knowledge about future conditions, and accounting for potential changes in emerging technologies at an industrial scale, mean that many parameters must be considered.MethodsA stepwise approach for prospective LCA has been refined, resulting in two LCA iterations. In the first iteration, a preliminary prospective LCA was conducted to understand the emerging technology, using an uncertainty analysis to identify the most influential parameters. The results were incorporated in the second LCA iteration, the final prospective LCA, to develop future scenarios based on the identified parameters. The approach is applied to three case studies that cover the range of technological readiness levels (TRL) from laboratory to pilot and industrial scale. The first case study is a lignin-based phenol–formaldehyde (LPF) adhesive (TRL 4). The second case study is a hardwood glued-laminated (glulam) load-bearing beam (TRL 7). The third case study is a cellulose-based viscose fiber for clothing (TRL 9).Results and discussionNumerous parameters were narrowed down to a few parameters important for the scenarios; from 25 to 4 in the LPF adhesive case study, from 5 to 2 in the glulam case study, and from 24 parameters to 3 in the viscose fiber case study. The LCIA scenario results for climate change showed differences based on the effects of the important scenario-related parameters, such as the total energy demand or the renewable energy share in foreground and background systems. The LCIA scenario results for land use depend on the amount of wood input and the size of the allocation factor, which was also shown in the local sensitivity analyses. Their variation significantly affected the land use, while having a negligible effect on the other impact categories.Conclusions and recommendationsThe prospective LCIA results for climate change depend mostly on the energy demand for the manufacture of emerging hardwood-based products. The effects of a high energy demand cannot be compensated for by inputting a higher share of renewable energy production, neither for on-site production nor in the electricity mix. To reduce the climate change impacts, it is crucial to reduce the overall energy demand of the product system. The results for land use are not robust against variations of the allocation factors. Local sensitivity analyses of different allocation methods are recommended. Overall, the inclusion of an uncertainty analysis in the first iteration of the prospective LCA can reduce complexity for the scenario development, especially when the emerging technology to be evaluated presents with a high number of uncertain parameters.
Brief Review: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cardiovascular Care with a Focus on Congenital Heart Disease and Precision Medicine
Authors: Bayne Joseph , Garry Jonah , Albert Michelle A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose of Review
This is a brief review about racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare with focused attention to less frequently covered areas in the literature such as adult congenital heart disease, artificial intelligence, and precision medicine. Although diverse racial and ethnic populations such as Black and Hispanic groups are at an increased risk for CHD and have worse related outcomes, they are woefully underrepresented in large clinical trials. Additionally, although artificial intelligence and its application to precision medicine are touted as a means to individualize cardiovascular treatment and eliminate racial and ethnic bias, serious concerns exist about insufficient and inadequate available information from diverse racial and ethnic groups to facilitate accurate care. This review discusses relevant data to the aforementioned topics and the associated nuances.

Recent Findings
Recent studies have shown that racial and ethnic minorities have increased morbidity and mortality related to congenital heart disease. Artificial intelligence, one of the chief methods used in precision medicine, can exacerbate racial and ethnic bias especially if inappropriate algorithms are utilized from populations that lack racial and ethnic diversity.

Summary
Dedicated resources are needed to engage diverse populations to facilitate participation in clinical and population-based studies to eliminate racial and ethnic healthcare disparities in adult congenital disease and the utilization of artificial intelligence to improve health outcomes in all populations.
The 5th edition of WHO classification of tumors of endocrine organs: changes in the diagnosis of follicular-derived thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Basolo Fulvio , Macerola Elisabetta , Poma Anello Marcello , Torregrossa Liborio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of endocrine tumors was released in 2022. Several novelties have been introduced concerning the nomenclature and histopathological diagnosis of follicular-derived thyroid neoplasms. Tumor types have been sharply classified according to prognostic risk categories into benign tumors, low-risk neoplasms and malignant neoplasms. A grading system for differentiated thyroid carcinomas has been implemented with the aim of improving the stratification of tumors. Particular attention has been paid to the molecular profile of well-differentiated histotypes. In this review, the main changes introduced by the latest edition of the WHO system are presented. The practical effects on the diagnostic pathology of thyroid tumors, along with the clinical implications expected with the new classification scheme, are critically discussed.
Combining Language Training and Work Experience for Refugees with Low-Literacy Levels: a Mixed-Methods Case Study
Authors: Kuschel Anne , Hansen Nina , Heyse Liesbet , Wittek Rafael P.M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLearning the host society’s language and finding a job are important steps for the societal integration of refugees. Especially language proficiency is a key barrier for the integration of low literates. Often language training and gaining work skills are separated during the integration procedure. We investigated a 1-year pilot program for refugees with low-literacy levels in the Netherlands, which combined language training (daily classes, work-related language) with work experience in sheltered employment (second-hand shop) to facilitate language learning and prepare this group better for the labour market. Building on Ager and Strang’s conceptual integration framework (2008), we expected that this combined program should improve agency (communication strategies, preparedness for the labour market) via intergroup contact at work. We used a mixed-method approach to follow the development of participants (N=10) longitudinally (baseline, after 6 months, after 11 months). We gathered questionnaire data, interviewed teachers and students, and observed interactions in classes and at work. Overall, use of communication strategies increased. Analyzing individual cases (profiles) offered nuanced insights into for whom and why the program seems to have differential impact, especially in terms of labour market preparation. We discuss results and the importance of creating intergroup contact to facilitate integration in a new society.
Are the schema modes suitable for explaining borderline and narcissistic behaviours?
Authors: Mącik Dorota 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJeffrey Young assumes that people suffering from personality disorders differ from healthy ones in schema modes intensity but not diversity. Besides, healthy people also present behaviours typical for personality disorders, but to a lesser extent. However, research lacks the interrelationships between modes, especially in healthy individuals. The presented study aimed to investigate the mutual relations between the schema modes using path analysis to understand better problematic behaviour in borderline and narcissistic types in a non-clinical sample and to verify Young assumption about the continuum of the schema modes. A sample of 467 healthy adults aged 18–50 (M = 32.87, SD = 10.56), 52.9% of whom were women, completed SMI 1.1 and SCID-II. Descriptive statistics, matrix of correlation and structural equation modelling were used. Results confirmed the significance of the theoretically assumed and previously empirically proved schema modes also for healthy people. The most important modes for both borderline and narcissistic behaviours are the Punitive Parent, the Angry Child and the Enraged Child modes. For borderline behaviour, the Detached Protector coping mode, connected to a sense of emptiness, is significant. Narcissistic behaviour relates to Bully and Attack, and Self-Aggrandiser modes and is connected to aggressive and dominant behaviour. The obtained models explain 47% of the variance in borderline and 44% in narcissistic behaviours. The study indicates the validity of analysing the modes among people with lower intensity of behaviours typical for personality disorders and also confirms Young’s assumptions about the universality of schema modes. Results are discussed in the context of their relevance for practitioners.
Acute pancreatitis as the initial manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia with chromosome 16 rearrangements
Authors: Fukushima Hidehito , Morita Ken , Ikemura Masako , Tanaka Mariko , Nakai Yudai , Maki Hiroaki , Suzuki Tatsunori , Mizuno Suguru , Nakai Yousuke , Kurokawa Mineo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAcute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas that is becoming an increasingly common clinical issue. The most frequent underlying etiologies include gallstones and chronic alcohol use, which account for more than two-thirds of cases. We recently experienced a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) presenting with recurrent acute pancreatitis, which we later discovered was caused by diffusely infiltrating extramedullary sarcoma in the pancreas. Comprehensive analysis of previous cases of AML presenting as acute pancreatitis suggested involvement of cytogenetic alterations in chromosome 16 in its pathogenesis. Further improvement in management of acute pancreatitis is needed, and clinicians should note that this occasionally fatal condition can be the initial and only manifestation of AML. In practice, prompt initiation of intensive chemotherapy is critical for treating such cases of AML-induced acute pancreatitis.
Expected vs. real growth of companies listed on the London Stock Exchange
Authors: Pietraszewski Piotr , Gniadkowska-Szymańska Agata , Bolek Monika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is related to the growth opportunity measures representing the expected growth and their relationship with the real growth of companies. The motivation for this research is based on the evidence that growth opportunity measures may fail to predict future growth as measured by earnings per share. In the presented paper the companies listed on LSE are divided for two groups depending on the market they are traded: FTSE100 index and AIM all-share index. It was found that in both samples the growth opportunity measures relationship with the real growth is significant. The difference between companies listed on the main and alternative markets may influence the efficiency of growth opportunity measures predicting the future growth, and therefore the samples should be analyzed separately. The methods applied in this paper include the correlation analysis between growth opportunity and real growth variables, panel data OLS models with fixed effects and the differences between the correlation and regression tests. It can be concluded that growth opportunity measures predict the growth of companies as measured by EPS.
A two-temperature model and fractional order derivative in a rotating thick hollow cylinder with the magnetic field
Authors: Said Samia M. , Abd-Elaziz Elsayed M. , Othman Mohamed I. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel multi-phase-lags model with fractional order derivative is introduced to study a thick hollow cylinder with two temperatures under the influence of magnetic field and rotation. The basic non-dimensional equations of the problem are discussed by using harmonic wave analysis. Numerical computations are carried out with the help of Matlab software. Comparisons are made with the results of the refined-phase-lag theory for different values of rotation and magnetic field. Comparisons also are made with the results of the refined-phase-lag theory for different values of the fractional order parameter. Some particular cases of special interest have been deduced from the present investigation.
Information Technology, Inequality, and Adult Literacy in Developing Countries
Authors: Asongu Simplice A. , Odhiambo Nicholas M. , Rahman Mushfiqur 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study
assesses linkages between information technology, inequality, and adult literacy in 57 developing countries for the period 2012–2016. Income inequality is measured with the Gini coefficient while six dynamics of information technology are taken on board, namely use of a virtual social network, Internet access in schools, Internet penetration, mobile phone penetration, fixed broadband subscription, and a number of personal computer users. The empirical evidence is based on interactive Tobit regressions. The findings show that only Internet access in schools unconditionally promotes adult literacy. The corresponding inequality threshold that should not be exceeded for Internet access in schools to continue promoting adult literacy is 0.739 of the Gini coefficient. Policy implications are discussed.
Prior assessment of CO2 leak rate through cracks sealed by nanoparticle gels
Authors: Olayiwola Olatunji , Nguyen Vu , Liu Ning , Guo Boyun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe leakage of hydrocarbon fluids through cracks in the annular cement and CO2 storage is a major concern to the Petroleum Industry. A significant risk is posed when repairing leakage in a micro annuli channel with smaller apertures. A low-viscosity sealant that can generate a long-lasting resilient seal is desired. The solution to sealing these channels might lie in a novel application using nano-silica Gel. In this study, laboratory tests were carried out to examine the capabilities of nano-silica gels to seal the cracks. Analyzing its rheological property, the gel strengths of nano-silica gels were found to increase with an increase in nano-silica concentration. Additionally, it was discovered that as the concentration of nano-silica increases, the sealing and leakage pressures, defined as the pressures before and after water breakthrough, respectively, increase as well. With a typical 15% concentration of nano silica in gel, a sealing pressure gradient of 80.2 psi/in and a leakage pressure gradient of 30 psi/in at a leaking rate of 1 cc/min were noted. To validate the validity of the experimental results, a mathematical model was developed to predict the leakage rate of sealed fractures. The model suggests that the young’s modulus of sealant is a key property of nano-sealants and further investigations are needed to validate the mathematical model for quantitative use. This study suggests a novel strategy for enhancing cement zonal isolation and reducing cement failure in oil and gas sector.
Meaning in Life in AI Ethics—Some Trends and Perspectives
Authors: Nyholm Sven , Rüther Markus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss the relation between recent philosophical discussions about meaning in life (from authors like Susan Wolf, Thaddeus Metz, and others) and the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI). Our goal is twofold, namely, to argue that considering the axiological category of meaningfulness can enrich AI ethics, on the one hand, and to portray and evaluate the small, but growing literature that already exists on the relation between meaning in life and AI ethics, on the other hand. We start out our review by clarifying the basic assumptions of the meaning in life discourse and how it understands the term ‘meaningfulness’. After that, we offer five general arguments for relating philosophical questions about meaning in life to questions about the role of AI in human life. For example, we formulate a worry about a possible meaningfulness gap related to AI on analogy with the idea of responsibility gaps created by AI, a prominent topic within the AI ethics literature. We then consider three specific types of contributions that have been made in the AI ethics literature so far: contributions related to self-development, the future of work, and relationships. As we discuss those three topics, we highlight what has already been done, but we also point out gaps in the existing literature. We end with an outlook regarding where we think the discussion of this topic should go next.
The fractional stochastic heat equation driven by time-space white noise
Authors: Moulay Hachemi Rahma Yasmina , Øksendal Bernt 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study the stochastic time-fractional stochastic heat equation$$\begin{aligned} \frac{\partial ^{\alpha }}{\partial t^{\alpha }}Y(t,x)=\lambda \varDelta Y(t,x)+\sigma W(t,x);\; (t,x)\in (0,\infty )\times \mathbb {R}^{d}, \end{aligned}$$∂α∂tαY(t,x)=λΔY(t,x)+σW(t,x);(t,x)∈(0,∞)×Rd,where$$d\in \mathbb {N}=\{1,2,...\}$$d∈N={1,2,...}and$$\frac{\partial ^{\alpha }}{\partial t^{\alpha }}$$∂α∂tαis the Caputo derivative of order$$\alpha \in (0,2)$$α∈(0,2), and$$\lambda >0$$λ>0and$$\sigma \in \mathbb {R}$$σ∈Rare given constants. Here$$\varDelta $$Δdenotes the Laplacian operator,W(t, x) is time-space white noise, defined by$$\begin{aligned} W(t,x)=\frac{\partial }{\partial t}\frac{\partial ^{d}B(t,x)}{\partial x_{1}...\partial x_{d}}, \end{aligned}$$W(t,x)=∂∂t∂dB(t,x)∂x1...∂xd,$$B(t,x)=B(t,x,\omega ); t\ge 0, x \in \mathbb {R}^d, \omega \in \varOmega $$B(t,x)=B(t,x,ω);t≥0,x∈Rd,ω∈Ωbeing time-space Brownian motion with probability law$$\mathbb {P}$$P. We consider the equation (0.1) in the sense of distribution, and we find an explicit expression for the$$\mathcal {S}'$$S′-valued solutionY(t, x), where$$\mathcal {S}'$$S′is the space of tempered distributions. Following the terminology of Y. Hu [11], we say that the solution ismildif$$Y(t,x) \in L^2(\mathbb {P})$$Y(t,x)∈L2(P)for allt, x. It is well-known that in the classical case with$$\alpha = 1$$α=1, the solution is mild if and only if the space dimension$$d=1$$d=1. We prove that if$$\alpha \in (1,2)$$α∈(1,2)the solution is mild if$$d=1$$d=1or$$d=2$$d=2. If$$\alpha < 1$$α<1we prove that the solution is not mild for anyd.