bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF NEMATODE ASSEMBLAGES AND DIVERSITY ON SELECTED SOIL GROUPS IN KENYA: VERTISOLS, CAMBISOLS AND ARENOSOLS
Authors: Thuo A.K. , Karuku George Njomo , Kimenju J.W. , Kariuki G.M. , Wendot P.K. , Melakeberhan H. 
Published: May 2023

<p><strong>Background</strong>. Soil health assessment has been based on narrow disciplinary approaches that overlook the multiple and interacting biological processes that are the basis of sustainable crop productivity. <strong>Objective</strong>. Determine the influence of seasonal variations in nematode assemblages in different soil groups, sites and disturbance levels as an indicator of soil health. <strong>Methodology</strong>. Sampling was done in areas characterized by small scale subsistence agriculture in Kenyan Northern sites and Southern sites over three distinct seasons. The sampling points included disturbed (tilled) and the adjoining undisturbed (untilled) soils within three soil groups, namely Vertisols, Cambisols and Arenosols. Nematodes were extracted using the centrifugal-floatation technique, enumerated and assigned to their respective trophic groups. <strong>Results.</strong> Total nematode abundance in the three seasons varied significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with a mean of 68, 93 and 52 nematodes in 200 cm<sup>3</sup> of soil in seasons I, II and III, respectively. Nematodes abundance in the undisturbed soils was significantly higher (98) compared to the disturbed soils (62) nematodes per 200 cm<sup>3</sup>). Mean abundance of nematodes was highest in Cambisols. In addition, nematode abundances, in all trophic levels across the three seasons, were significantly higher (p≤0.05) in the northern compared to the southern sites. Bacterivores (28%) had the highest percentage frequency of detection followed by herbivores (27%) and fungivores (21%) while omnivores (11%) had the least. <strong>Implications</strong>. Nematode communities do respond variably to different soil groups and seasonal changes. <strong>Conclusion. </strong> Nematodes can therefore be utilized as viable bio-indicators of soil health and quality.</p>
ASSIGNING MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AS DESCRIPTORS FOR DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN Jatropha curcas ACCESSIONS
Authors: Sanchez-Velazquez Juan Ubaldo , Pacheco Neith , Lopez-Puc Guadalupe , Ramos-Díaz Ana Luisa 
Published: May 2023

<p><strong>Background.</strong> The morphological characterizations and varietal descriptions of <em>Jatropha curcas</em> do not consider all morphological variability of this species. The phenotypes of <em>J. curcas</em> that have been described represent only a part of the variability of this species, making it difficult to distinguish between accessions based on morphological traits. <strong>Objective.</strong> Propose a method to assign trait states to discriminate between accessions based on their phenotype, and to evaluate the efficiency of these phenotypes as morphological traits. <strong>Methodology.</strong> Thirteen morphological traits were selected, and trait states were assigned according to their variability. <strong>Implications.</strong> The results show that some traits, such as the number of male flowers and the ratio of male to female flowers provide redundant information, while other traits do not provide information with enough discriminatory power. By other hand, trait associated with the frequency of one, two, three or four seeds per fruit set the pattern for the identification of phenotypes. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> The proposed method allowed to use the variability of traits as a descriptor without limiting the use of morphological traits not included in this work. </p>
MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF AZOLLA ACCESSIONS IN KENYA
Authors: Oyange Wilson Agembo , Kanya James Ireri , Chemining'wa George Ndiema , Njiruh Paul Nthakanio 
Published: May 2023

<p><strong>Background. </strong><em>Azolla </em>Lam<em>.</em>, a mosquito fern, is invasive in major rice growing Schemes in Kenya, where it clogs irrigation canals and forms dense mats in paddy fields. However, the species of <em>Azolla</em> has not been established. <strong>Objective. </strong> to characterize <em>Azolla</em> accessions collected from six major rice Irrigation Schemes in Kenya: Mwea, Ahero, West Kano, Bunyala, Taveta and TARDA. <strong>Methodology. </strong><em>Azolla</em> accessions were collected, grown for 10 days at Mwea Irrigation Agricultural Development Centre (MIAD) and their vegetative traits examined microscopically using 13 Pereira’s morphological characters. The vegetative characteristics were evaluated on a binary 0/1 system, pairwise similarity was estimated using Jaccard’s coefficient (S1)and a dendrogram generated. Genomic DNA was extracted from each of the<em> </em>accessions, amplified with SCAR primers and amplified products resolved and scored using agarose gels. Polymorphic SCAR markers were identified and correlated to the accessions. <strong>Results. </strong>Nine vegetative characters useful for distinguishing between the two <em>Azolla</em> sub-genera (<em>Euazolla </em>and <em>Rhizosperma</em>) and the seven <em>Azolla</em> species were examined. Possession of hook-like, septate glochidia suggested the presence of <em>Azolla filiculoides</em> in TARDA1 accession. The presence of pinnate sporophyte with septate rhizome papillae and fronts measuring 2-4 cm with 2-4 cm long roots and lack of anthocyanin suggested the presence of <em>Azolla nilotica</em> for TARDA 2 and Taveta 2 accessions. SCAR marker based 490 bp primers that identify with <em>A. filiculoides </em>also amplified Mwea and Taveta 1 accessions to give a distinct band. <strong>Implications.</strong> Results suggest the existence of <em>Azolla nilotica</em> and <em>Azolla</em> <em>filiculoides</em> among the Kenyan accessions. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> <em>Azolla filiculoides</em> and <em>Azolla nilotica</em> are the two main <em>Azolla</em> species characterized in the major Irrigation Schemes in Kenya. Of the two species, <em>Azolla filiculoides</em> has infested four of the Kenya irrigation schemes (Mwea, Ahero, Bunyala, Tana River and West Kano), while <em>Azolla nilotica</em> exists only in Taveta and TARDA.</p>
CUMHURİYETİN İNŞASINDA EĞİTİM ALANINDA YAPILAN UYGULAMALARIN BİR TAŞRA KAZASINDA ÖRNEĞİ: ÇAL (1924-1927)
Authors: BELEN Nezahat 
Published: May 2023

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti’nin kuruluşu diğer yandan vatanın yeniden inşası, yeni kurulan devletle birlikte her alanda gerçekleştirilen inkılap hareketleriyle uygulamaya konulmuştur. Eğitim bu inkılapların başında ilk sırada yer almıştır. Çünkü Osmanlı Devletinden devralınan toplumsal mirasta ülke genelinde eğitim seviyesi oldukça düşüktür. Bunun için ülke genelinde büyük bir eğitim hamlesi başlatılmıştır. Bu dönemde Misak-ı Maarif genelgesi, Birinci Heyeti İlmiye toplantısı, yabancı uzmanların ülkeye davet edilmesi gibi eğitim alanında yapılmaya çalışılan faaliyetler ve Tevhidi Tedrisat Kanunu’nun kabulü ile değişimin ilk köklü adımları atılmıştır. Merkezde başlatılan bu hamlelere ilave olarak, taşrada eğitim seviyesini yükseltmek için de önemli adımlar atılmaya başlanmıştır.
Bu çalışmada Denizli ilinin nüfus, ekonomi ve eğitim açısından önemli ilçelerinden birisi olan Çal’da, Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki eğitim alanında yaşanan gelişmelerin yansımaları tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Çal Belediyesi arşivinde bulunan, daha önce tamamı değerlendirilmeyen ve 1923-1927 yıllarına ait orijinal belgelerden yola çıkılarak hazırlanan makalede çalışmanın özgünlüğü açısından önemlidir. Yerel tarih okumaları üzerinden genel tarihi anlamlandırmanın daha öğretici ve kalıcı olacağı inancı temelinde bu çalışma kaleme alınmıştır
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR SIMBOLIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PAPAN HUBUNG PADA ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Umaroh  , Gina Kania  , Rini Novianti Yusuf  
Published: May 2023

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah anak kelas B di TK Islam Nurul Ilmi Kecamatan Karawang Timur yang berjumlah 18 anak yang terdiri dari 12 anak laki-laki dan 6 anak perempuan menunjukkan bahwa 80% kemampuan berpikir simbolik masih belum berkembang secara optimal hanya beberapa anak 20% saja yang sudah berkembang secara optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir simbolik dengan menggunakan media papan hubung pada anak kelas B. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan berpikir simbolik anak usia dini, media papan hubung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan pendekatan deskriftif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada anak kelompok B (Usia 5-6 tahun) di TK Islam Nurul ilmi, dengan jumlah 18 anak. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan dan analisis data yang diperoleh dari lapangan adalah : 1) Kondisi awal kemampuan berpikir simbolik pada pratindakan persentase 52%. 2) Penerapan media papan hubung dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir simbolik pada anak kelas B. 3) Hasil penelitian setelah penerapan media papan hubung dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir simbolik pada siklus I terjadi peningkatan pada kemampuan berpikir simbolik anak kelas B dengan persentase 62%. Pada siklus II terjadi peningkatan dengan persentase 78%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ,dengan menggunakan media papan hubung dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir simbolik pada anak kelas B.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MENERAPKAN PAKEM MELALUI KEGIATAN IN HOUSE TRAINING
Authors: Bhakti Rohyaningsih Cici , Nasem Nasem , Tanjung Rahman 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi masalah dalam menyajikan pembelajaran guru masih pada pembelajaran parsial dan hasil belajar siswa rata-rata masih tergolong rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menerapkan PAKEM melalui kegiatan in House Training. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah. Kegiatan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi. Instrumen observasi yang digunakan adalah akronim PAKEM menurut tim MBS Unesco-Unicef berupa: Indikator kemampuan guru dalam menerapkan PAKEM. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif komparatif. Data kuantitatif yang diperoleh di deskripsikan dalam bentuk kata-kata atau penjelasan. Selanjutkan dilakukan komparasi data untuk memastikan ada tidaknya peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam menerapkan PAKEM. Setelah melalui 2 siklus Tindakan penelitian, hasil penelitian menunjukkan temuan bahwa kemampuan guru TK AN NABA Karawang dalam menerapkan PAKEM dalam KBM mengalami peningkatan dari 41% (kategori kurang) menjadi 88% (kategori baik). Sehingga pembelajaran di TK AN NABA menjadi lebih aktif, keatif, efektif dan menyenangkan.
Laboratory Test Names Matter: A Survey on What Works and What Doesn’t Work for Orders and Results
Authors: Carter Alexis B. , Berger Andrea L. , Schreiber Richard 
Published: May 2023

Context.—
Health care providers were surveyed to determine their ability to correctly decipher laboratory test names and their preferences for laboratory test names and result displays.

Objective.—
To confirm principles for laboratory test nomenclature and display and to compare and contrast the abilities and preferences of different provider groups for laboratory test names.

Design.—
Health care providers across different specialties and perspectives completed a survey of 38 questions, which included participant demographics, real-life examples of poorly named laboratory orders that they were asked to decipher, an assessment of vitamin D test name knowledge, their preferences for ideal names for tests, and their preferred display for test results. Participants were grouped and compared by profession, level of training, and the presence or absence of specialization in informatics and/or laboratory medicine.

Results.—
Participants struggled with poorly named tests, especially with less commonly ordered tests. Participants’ knowledge of vitamin D analyte names was poor and consistent with prior published studies. The most commonly selected ideal names correlated positively with the percentage of the authors’ previously developed naming rules (R = 0.54, P &lt; .001). There was strong consensus across groups for the best result display.

Conclusions.—
Poorly named laboratory tests are a significant source of provider confusion, and tests that are named according to the authors’ naming rules as outlined in this article have the potential to improve test ordering and correct interpretation of results. Consensus among provider groups indicates that a single yet clear naming strategy for laboratory tests is achievable.
An Update on the Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Evaluation of Pancreatic/Liver/Gastrointestinal Luminal Tract Disorders
Authors: Huang Jialing , Chen Guoli , Li Hongjie 
Published: May 2023

Context.—
Immunohistochemistry serves as an ancillary diagnostic tool for a wide variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic disorders, including infections, workup of inflammatory conditions, and subtyping neoplasms of the pancreas/liver/gastrointestinal luminal tract. In addition, immunohistochemistry is also used to detect a variety of prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers for carcinomas of the pancreas, liver, and gastrointestinal luminal tract.

Objective.—
To highlight an update on the role of immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of pancreatic/liver/gastrointestinal luminal tract disorders.

Data Sources.—
Literature review and authors’ research data and personal practice experience were used.

Conclusions.—
Immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool, assisting in the diagnosis of problematic tumors and benign lesions of the pancreas, liver, and gastrointestinal luminal tract, and also in the prediction of prognosis and therapeutic response for carcinomas of the pancreas, liver, and gastrointestinal luminal tract.
Hubungan Kompetensi Pegawai dan Motivasi Kerja Dengan Kinerja Pegawai di Kantor Daerah Telkom Plered Cirebon
Authors: Herdiyanto Feri 
Published: May 2023

Kantor Daerah TELKOM Plered Cirebon bertujuan memenuhi permintaan masyarakat dibidang telekomunikasi dengan mengikuti perkembangan zaman diera globalisasi, sehingga Di Kantor Daerah TELKOM Plered Cirebon mampu bersaing dengan lembaga telekomunikasi yang lain. Oleh karena itu Kantor Daerah TELKOM Plered sebagai penghasil produk jasa sangat mengutamakan kualitas dan berorientasi kepada kepuasan konsumen dengan mengedepankan pelayanan yang prima. Pelayanan prima mengacu pada standar kualitas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan konsumen (costumer based). Metode penelitian kualitatif sering disebut metode penelitian naturalistic karena penelitiannya dilakukan pada kondisi yang alamiah, metode ini lebih banyak digunakan untuk penelitian bidang antropologi budaya, disebut metode kualitatif karena data yang terkumpul dan analisisnya lebih bersifat kualitatif. Motivasi kerja dengan kinerja pegawai pada di Kantor Daerah TELKOM Plered Cirebon mempunyai korelasi Rank Spearman sebesar 0,65. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pegawai dengan kinerja pegawai mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan kuat. Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis kedua maka Ha diterima
Quality Assessment of Milk & Milk Products
Authors: Thompkinson D.K. 
Published: May 2023

The present book is an attempt to compile various chemical, nutritional and micro-biological analytical techniques related to handling milk and milk products. The book has been divided into three basic sections dealing in methodologies applicable to raw milk reception to milk product analysis to air, water, detergents and dairy effluent. · Section “A” deals with various platform and laboratory tests applied to raw and processed milk quality assessment, in terms of rapid tests, detection of adulterants and preservatives, sampling techniques etc. · Section “B” gives the detailed analytical techniques as applied for determination of various quality parameters/ attributes of different dairy products being manufactured by Indian Dairy Industry. · Section “C” various other tests applicable to dairy industry for maintaining quality including nutritional quality and hygiene, test for dairy detergents and sanitizers, air and water quality for a dairy plant and determination of melamine, aflatoxins, minerals and vitamins (fat & water soluble). The Text also contains various food regulatory acts, food safety act 2006, hygiene code, ISO 9000 series, ISO 14000 and ISO 22000 quality management systems, PFA and BIS standards for different milk types and MRL values for pesticides, heavy metals and antibiotic substances and list of approved analytical labs are also provided for ready reference.
Projeto de extensão universitária em uma comunidade de pessoas idosas em São Paulo durante a pandemia de covid-19: experiências
Authors: Manso Maria Elisa Gonzalez 
Published: May 2023

Este artigo busca apresentar a experiencia de um grupo de 48 graduandos das áreas de enfermagem, medicina, nutrição e psicologia de um Centro Universitário, situado no município de São Paulo, junto a um equipamento da proteção social básica voltado para pessoas idosas em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Esses educandos fizeram parte de um projeto de extensão universitária que busca, através do aprendizado da construção de um projeto social voltado para as necessidades da população-alvo, incentivar a inovação, o respeito à diversidade e reforçar o trabalho interdisciplinar e interprofissional. Uma das linhas de trabalho do projeto é voltada para a população idosa. O projeto foi desenvolvido durante a pandemia de covid-19, durante o período de 2020 a 2022. Para esses graduandos, ouvir histórias de vida de outro grupo de pessoas e poder conviver com elas de uma forma quase profissional, mostrou a eles a importância do respeito, da escuta, da empatia. Ficou claro para o grupo de alunos a autonomia dessas pessoas e como os estereótipos negativos podem limitá-la. Considera-se que o projeto vem contribuindo na consolidação não apenas da aprendizagem, mas, acima de tudo, com um retorno desse aprender à sociedade. Acredita-se que a contribuição não é apenas presente, mas futura, ao trazer importantes reflexões para esses futuros profissionais sobre as múltiplas velhices e suas possibilidades, as desigualdades sociais e as possibilidades de trabalho para além do ambiente hospitalar, de maneira mais humanista e crítica.
Perfil dos trabalhos de conclusão de curso em Psicologia de uma Universidade Federal
Authors: Marques Cury Juliana , Gonçalves Ferreira Heloísa 
Published: May 2023

O Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) tem sido o produto final exigido na formação nos cursos de graduação, sendo uma ferramenta importante para desenvolver o raciocínio crítico do aluno, além de propiciar conhecimento científico relevante tanto para o meio acadêmico quanto para a sociedade. O objetivo desse trabalho foi explorar os TCC em Psicologia produzidos entre os anos de 2013 a 2017, de uma Universidade Federal do interior de Minas Gerais. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório, orientado pela abordagem quantitativa, com coleta de dados realizada a partir da recuperação dos TCC em Psicologia. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se de técnicas de estatística descritiva. Foram recuperados um total de 228 TCC, com as subáreas mais predominantes: Psicologia do Desenvolvimento Humano (n=65), Psicologia Social (n=60) e Tratamento e Prevenção Psicológica (n=38). A nuvem de palavras de acordo com os títulos dos TCC, teve como termos mais prevalentes: estudo, saúde, familiar, Minas Gerais (MG), análise, Uberaba, vida, caso, criança e revisão. As palavras-chaves mais frequentemente adotadas foram: saúde, social, psicologia, familiares, adoção, universidade-trabalho, ansiedade, psicanálise, criança, relações, profissional, vida, depressão e família. A abordagem mais utilizada nos TCC foi a qualitativa (n=171). Esse estudo possibilitou-nos melhor elucidar o perfil de produções científicas do Curso de Psicologia de uma Universidade Federal, permitindo identificar potencialidades da graduação em Psicologia no que tange à formação de novos cientistas e profissionais comprometidos com a Prática e a Ciência.
Pathological mechanism of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in rats based on iTRAQ technology
Authors: Xu Hang , Gao Kai , Liu Chao , Li Tian , Ding Yi , Ma Jing 
Published: May 2023

Objective
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a public health problem worldwide. Treatments for the patients with HFpEF are not satisfactory because there is no unified understanding of the pathological mechanism of HFpEF. This study aims at investigating the potential pathological mechanism for the effective diagnosis and treatment of HFpEF.

Methods
Ten adult male Dahl salt sensitive rats (180–200 g) were divided into control and model groups. The rats in model group were fed with high salt diet (8% NaCl) to induce HFpEF for this comparative study. Behavioral changes, biochemical parameters, and histopathological changes of the rats were detected. iTRAQ technology combined with bioinformatics analysis was employed to study the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and their enrichment in signaling pathways.

Results
Echocardiography detection showed decreased LVEF, indicating impaired cardiac function (P < 0.01), increased LVPWd, indicating ventricular wall hypertrophy (P < 0.05), prolonged duration of IVRT and decreased E/A ratio, indicating diastolic dysfunction (P < 0.05) of the rats in model group. 563 DEPs were identified in the rats of both groups, with 243 up-regulated and 320 down-regulated. The expression of PPAR signaling pathway in the rats of model group was down-regulated, with PPARα most significantly decreased (91.2%) (P < 0.01), PPARγ obviously decreased (63.60%) (P < 0.05), and PPARβ/δ decreased (45.33%) (P < 0.05). The DEPs enriched in PPAR signaling pathway were mainly related to such biological processes as fatty acid beta-oxidation, such cellular components as peroxisome, and such molecular functions as lipid binding.

Conclusions
NaCl high salt diet is one of the factors to increase the incidence of HFpEF in rats. PPARα, PPARγ and PPAR β/δ might be the targets of HFpEF. The findings may provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of HFpEF in clinical practice.