bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel technique of performing transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) for diagnosing diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD) in infants
Authors: Joseph Tinku , Agrawal Sumita , Nair Sreeraj , Jayakumar Chandrasekhara , Gopalakrishnan Rajesh , Nambiar Ajit 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChildhood interstitial lung disease (ChILD) diagnosis often requires surgical lung biopsy after the common causes are ruled out. However, surgical lung biopsy has its own set of complications. Hence transbronchial lung cryobiopsy has been used in various studies of adult interstitial lung disease (ILD) with good yield and minimal complications. But this newer mode is rarely used in diagnosing children with suspected ILD. Here, we present the first case of the use of this technique in an infant via a rigid tracheoscope.
Non‐Oxidative Coupling of Methane Driven by Non‐Thermal Plasma: Effect of Packing Materials on Micro‐Electric Field
Authors: Liu Rui , Hao Yingzi , Meng Shengyan , Guo Hongchen , Yi Yanhui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNon‐oxidative coupling of methane (CH4) by plasma has received particular attention due to the achievement of high methane conversion and product selectivity at a low temperature. In this work, experimental results suggest that the packing materials directly affect the electric field, which in turn determines the plasma discharge and, subsequently, the conversion of CH4 and the products selectivity. High selectivity to ethylene was obtained by BaTiO3 packing, which can be ascribed to the moderate electric field generated with special physiochemical properties. Furthermore, in the cases of packing by ZSM‐5, γ‐Al2O3 or SiO2 granules, small size of granules contributed to generate a stronger electric field, which improves CH4 conversion. However, reverse trend has been found in the case of packing by BaTiO3. Finally, the specific indicator of micro‐electric field was developed to illustrate the relationship between reaction performance and packing materials.
Fischer Esterification of Benzoic Acid and Polyhydric Alcohols Catalyzed by Basic Ionic Liquids of Bisimidazolium Tungstates
Authors: Wu Shi , Wang Yingting , Tao Huilin , Yu Zhongliang , Wu Lidan , Meng Xiaoyan , Zhang Yongfan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFischer esterification referred to the reaction of carboxylic acids and alcohols, which was generally catalyzed by Brönsted or Lewis acidic catalysts. Basic ionic liquids with the nucleophilic anion were generally considered incapable of catalyzing this reaction due to sufficiency of electrons or the lack of ionizable protons. Herein, bisimidazolium tungstates were found be able to catalyze Fischer esterification of ethylene glycol (EG) and benzoic acid relying on the nucleophilic WO42− anion. The mechanism studies indicated that C6H5COO− and H−WO42− anionic intermediate was formed between benzoic acid and WO42− via hydrogen‐bond interaction under the influence of hydroxyl of EG. This intermediate could further release H atom to accelerate the reaction speed of Fischer esterification, which was similar catalytic process to that of Brönsted acidic catalysts. Furthermore, other nucleophilic anions (CO32−, OH−, OAc−, C6H5COO−) had little catalytic capacity in the reaction. This suggested that the strength of anionic nucleophilic ability played an important role in the esterification reaction.
Basic Characterization and Sputtering Processing of Diatom‐Based Anode Materials
Authors: Luo JunLong , Liu Peng , Peng GuanYa , Tao Zhang Jiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSilicon‐based anode materials are advantageous because of its high specific capacity, rich resources and appropriate lithium deintercalation potential. However, it is also limited by some disadvantages including large volume expension, poor electronic conductivity and low Initial Coulomb Efficiency(ICE). Benefitting from the original hierarchical porous structure of diatom and amorphous framework of SiO2, we explore the diatoms cultured on a large scale as the anode materials of lithium batteries. Herein, we obtain a suitable diatom‐based anode material with particle diameter D50 4.065 μm, BET specific surface area 228.28 m2/g and biomass of carbon approximately 25 %, while it successfully solves the problems of volume expansion and electronic conductivity. Furthermore, after facile sputtering processing, we successfully introduced metallic elements into the diatom‐based anode. The elements include 3.40 % of Al, 0.75 % of Ti, 10.40 % of Ni, etc. The charge‐dischare results show that the introduction of both Al and Ti lead to performance improvement in some extend.
Graphene and Graphene Based Nanocomposites for Bio‐Medical and Bio‐safety Applications
Authors: Verma Renu , Kumar Gupta Sumit , Lamba Narendra Pal , Singh Brajendra Kumar , Singh Surendra , Bahadur Vijay , Chauhan Manmohan Singh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGraphene is allotrope of carbon with sp2 hybridization. It provides high surface area with high stability and easy modified properties, due to this it show many chemical, electrical and medicinal applications. We have compiled their many medicinal and biosafety properties and reported herein in critical way. We have also described the synthesis of graphene oxide with various methods.
A Hydrothermally Prepared Lithium and Copper MOF Composite as Anode Material for Hybrid Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zahir , Aziz Umer , Aftab Sikandar , Wabaidur Saikh Mohammad , Siddique Salma , Iqbal Muhammad Javaid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMetal‐organic‐frameworks (MOFs), which are porous organic/inorganic materials and can be used for various applications in battery research, have grasped interest in the domains of energy storage and conversion systems because of highly tunable morphology, open topological structure, extremely redox active and large surface area. The battery type electrodes were synthesized through a hydrothermal approach which is followed by calcination process. Initially, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope characterizations were performed to study the MOFs structural and surface topologies. Later on, electrochemical characterizations (cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge‐discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were executed. Three electrode assembly were accomplished to test the electrochemical performance of Li MOF, Cu MOF and LiCu MOF in which the LiCu MOF electrode has obtained at 3 mV/s its highest specific capacity of 484.4 C/g. After studying the experimental process, the charge storage mechanism was further scrutinized by using multiple theoretical approaches, confirming the behavior of the synthesized materials. To explore further the application of LiCu MOF, a hybrid device was fabricated with activated carbon which results in high energy of 36.1 Wh/kg and power of 5100 W/kg. The obtained LiCu MOF material is a viable option for both batteries and hybrid supercapacitors electrodes due to its suitable electrochemical properties.
Synthesis of Multifunctional Arylated Anilines and Amino‐dihydrophenanthrenes Through Arylacetonitriles Mediated Ring Transformation of 2H‐Pyran‐2‐ones/2‐oxo‐benzo[h]chromenes
Authors: Rana Shally , Althagafi Ismail , Chahal Mohit , Pratap Ramendra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe are reporting a simple and efficient synthesis of highly functionalized aniline by the reaction of 2H‐pyran‐2‐ones and benzyl cyanide in presence of sodamide in dioxane under reflux conditions. Various 4‐sec.amino‐2H‐pyran‐2‐ones, 4‐methylsulfanyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐ones and 2‐oxobenzo[h[chromones were used as a substrate. Further, synthetic application of obtained arylated aniline was carried out to afford multifunctional carbazoles (13). 2′′‐Bromo‐[1,1′ : 2′,1′′‐teraryl]‐3′‐amines (6) and 4‐(2‐bromoarylyl)‐9,10‐dihydrophenanthren‐3‐amines (11) was used to demonstrate the the synthesis of carbazoles. The structure of isolated product 11 d was ascertained by spectroscopic and single crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses. We have explained the role of nonpolar solvents in the synthesis of arylated aniline.
ZnO−Ag Hybrid Nanoparticles Used in the Antimicrobial Solvent‐Based Coatings: Antibacterial Studies in the Darkness and Under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Do Truc Vy , Vuong Nguyen Thien , Viet Vu Tien , Anh Nguyen Tuan , Dung Ngo Thanh , Tam Le The , Lu Le Trong , Thi Pham Lan , Dai Tran Lam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study explores how hybrid nanoparticles can be used to improve the antibacteial properties of both single nanoparticles and their polymeric nanocomposite coatings. Hybridization of two different nanoparicles, such as nano‐ZnO and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been carried out to combine advantages of the individual particles. For these purposes, firstly ZnO−Ag hybrid nanoparticles were chemically fabricated by reducing Ag+ precursor on the as‐received nano‐ZnO using sodium borohydride in aqueous medium. Thereafter, these ZnO−Ag nanohybrids were introduced into the acrylic polyurethane matrix (at 2 wt.%) under sonication in xylene/toluene solvents. To reveal the effect of hybridization on the antibacterial activity against E. coli of both ZnO−Ag nanohybrids and their nanocomposite coatings, two antibacterial tests have been carrieried out in presence of visible light irradiation or without light (in dark). The agar‐well diffusion method indicated that ZnO−Ag nanohybrids exhibited high antibacterial activity against E.coli at the low concentration (8 mg/mL). In addition, their larger inhibition zones under visible light exposure were observed, when compared to the dark condition. Similarity, antibacterial test (ISO 22196 : 2007 standard) indicated that nanocomposite coating under visible light exposure had a higher antibacterial activity than that in the dark condition. Data from this antibacterial test after 24 h indicated that the visible light exposure provided more bactericidal efficiency for APU/ZnO−Ag coating (4.17 log), as compared to the dark condition (4.07 log). This increase in the bactericidal efficiency can be attributed to the hybridization of nano‐ZnO and AgNPs in their hybrid nanostructure. From the experimental data, we propose the mechanism for antibacterial activity of ZnO−Ag hybrid nanoparticles. In addition, TEM photographs indicated that AgNPs (10–30 nm) were attached to the surface of nano‐ZnO (<100 nm). Data from the diffused reflectance spectra indicated that the deposition of AgNPs on nano‐ZnO reduced its band gap energy (Eg) from 3.2 eV to 2.75 eV. In case of nanocomposite coating, addition of 2 wt.% ZnO−Ag nanohybrids into the acrylic polyurethane matrix significantly increased their impact strength and abrasion resistance.
π‐Conjugated In‐Plane Heterostructure Enables Long‐Lived Shallow Trapping in Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Increased Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Zhang Ziye , Ren Liteng , Li Hao , Jiang Daochuan , Fang Yuetong , Du Haiwei , Xu Gengsheng , Zhu Chuhong , Li Huiquan , Lu Zhou , Yuan Yupeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe relatively short‐lived excited states, such as the nascent electron–hole pairs (excitons) and the shallow trapping states, in semiconductor‐based photocatalysts produce an exceptionally high charge carrier recombination rate, dominating a low solar‐to‐fuel performance. Here, a π‐conjugated in‐plane heterostructure between graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) and carbon rings (Crings) (labeling g‐CN/Crings) is effectively synthesized from the thermolysis of melamine–citric acid aggregates via a microwave‐assisted heating process. The g‐CN/Crings in‐plane heterostructure shows remarkably suppressed excited‐state decay and increased charge carrier population in photocatalysis. Kinetics analysis from the femtosecond time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy illustrates that the g‐CN/Crings π‐conjugated heterostructure produces slower exciton annihilation (τ1 = 7.9 ps) and longer shallow electron trapping (τ2 = 407.1 ps) than pristine g‐CN (τ1 = 3.6 ps, τ2 = 264.1 ps) owing to Crings incorporation, both of which enable more photoinduced electrons to participate in the photocatalytic reactions, thereby realizing photoactivity enhancement. As a result, the photocatalytic activity exhibits an eightfold enhancement in visible‐light‐driven H2 generation. This work provides a viable route of constructing π‐conjugated in‐plane heterostructures to suppress the excited‐state decay and improve the photocatalytic performance.
Estimation of rutin‐loaded chitosan sodium alginate nanoparticles in rat plasma using a chemometrics‐assisted bioanalytical high‐performance liquid chromatography method
Authors: Palei Narahari Narayan , Surendran Vijayaraj , Ramaswamy Shanmugam , Ravula Parameshwar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRutin, a flavonoid glycoside is mostly made up of phenolic compounds and is involved in a variety of biological processes. Rutin‐loaded chitosan‐alginate nanoparticles were prepared for enhancing the site specificity and bioavailability. The main focus of the current research work was to develop and validate a simple, accurate, and robust bioanalytical reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography method using the Design of Experiments principles for the estimation of rutin‐loaded chitosan‐alginate nanoparticles in plasma. A mixture of methanol and phosphate buffer in the ratio of 45:55 v/v was used as the mobile phase. The pH of the mobile phase is adjusted to 3.2 with 80% orthophosphoric acid; the flow rate was optimized to 1.0 ml/min and the ultraviolet absorption wavelength at 254 nm. Critical analytical attributes were screened with Taguchi orthogonal array model design. To develop and analyze a “Design Space,” Box‐Behnken three‐level, three‐factorial design in the design of experiment was employed. Analysis of variance, contour plots, and three‐dimensional surface response plots were used to statistically assess this design, and the model was shown to be statistically significant. The devised approach was validated according to the recommendations of the International Council for Harmonization (Q2 R1). The linearity of the developed method showed excellent in the range of 100 to 900 ng/ml with good regression (R2 > 0.998), the limit of quantitation (30 ng/ml), and the limit of detection (10 ng/ml). The validation findings of the parameters were examined and found to be within acceptable limits. The study findings stated that the Quality by Design‐driven bioanalytical approach is applicable for the in vivo and in vitro quantification of rutin derived from bulk and rutin‐loaded chitosan‐alginate nanoparticles formation.
Construction of Non‐Precious Metal Self‐Supported Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution from a Low‐Temperature Immersion Perspective
Authors: Xin Yanmei , Cang Yegui , Wang Zhuo , Dou Xiaoru , Hao Weiju , Miao Yuqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater splitting is considered as a promising technology to solve energy shortage and environmental pollution. Since oxygen evolution reaction (OER) directly affects the efficiency of hydrogen evolution, the preparation of efficient and inexpensive OER catalysts is an urgent problem. “Low‐temperature immersion” (LTI) is expected to be a prospective strategy for electrocatalyst preparation due to its simplicity and energy‐saving advantages. However, there is almost no comprehensive overview on the progress of LTI engineering in the construction of non‐precious metal self‐supported electrocatalysts for OER. Herein, this review firstly introduces the principles and applications of LTI engineering‐assisted preparation of non‐precious metal self‐supported electrocatalysts in terms of etching and deposition. Then the mechanism of OER is analyzed from an amorphous viewpoint, and finally some perspective insights and future challenges of this method are discussed.
Cleavage of the Au−P Bond in Au‐Substituted Phosphines
Authors: Wei Rui , Wang Xin‐Feng , Leo Liu Liu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThree protocols that involve the cleavage of the Au−P bond in Au‐substituted phosphines (AuPhos) have been demonstrated, namely i) direct demetallation with a strong anionic base; ii) protonation followed by demetallation with a neutral base; iii) oxidation‐triggered metal migration. Specifically, direct demetallation of (CAAC)AuPPh2 (1 a) (CAAC=cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene) with KP(TMS)2 or LiC(N2)TMS yields (CAAC)AuPTMS2 (2) or (CAAC)AuC(N2)TMS (3), respectively. Treatment of (NHC)AuPPh2 (1 b) (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene) with HOTf followed by the corresponding neutral phosphine gives scarce examples of aurophosphonium salts [(NHC)AuPHAd2][OTf] (5) and [((NHC)Au)2PPh2][OTf] (6). Oxidation of 1 a or 1 b with Se affords LAuSeP(Se)Ph2 (L=CAAC, 7 a; NHC, 7 b).
Metrics of Sustainability and Energy Efficiency of Software Products and Process
Authors: Kruglov Artem , Succi Giancarlo , Kholmatova Zamira 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe early measuring of the software process attributes increases the chances of the software being cost-effective and energy-efficient. However, some of the crucial metrics are accessible only during the latter stages. Therefore, the set of measurements through the whole SDLC should be considered to evaluate the software development process attributes and lead the project to success. This chapter demonstrates the division of SDLC phases into early and late ones, different software quality evaluation methodologies, and a set of measurements.
GQM and Recommender System for Relevant Metrics
Authors: Kruglov Artem , Succi Giancarlo , Gorb Anna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAny software project needs metrics to measure closeness to the goal. However, it is a complicated task to identify appropriate and goal-focused metrics by hand. That is why this chapter presents the GQM-based metrics recommender—a recommender system that can automatically deduce metrics from the project goals and questions.
Is the right-angled building associated to a universal group unique?
Authors: Beßmann Lara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA universal group is a subgroup of the group of type-preserving automorphisms of a right-angled building and hence associated to this building. A question is then whether this universal group can act chamber-transitively and with compact open stabilisers on a different right-angled building of the same type. We answer this question and define two universal groups associated to different right-angled buildings which are isomorphic as topological groups. Moreover, we show that different right-angled buildings can have the same universal group.
On the effects of cutting-edge angle on high-feed turning of Inconel 718© superalloy
Authors: Amigo Francisco Javier , Urbikain Gorka , de Lacalle Luis Norberto López , Fernández-Lucio Pablo , Pereira Octavio , Fernández-Valdivielso Asier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMachining processes on heat-resistant superalloys—i.e., turbine cases, rings, or shafts—are challenging tasks. The high-added value of such parts makes cycle times be longer than expected. Recently, high-feed turning technique has attracted the attention of practitioners due to its high material removal rate capability. PrimeTurning™ tool unifies the concepts of high-feed and multidirectional turning using multiple active cutting edges. It should be capable of reducing machine downtimes in that kind of parts. However, to avoid early tool replacement and rejects on high added value parts, a deeper knowledge on the high-feed turning process is necessary. Here, inserts specifically designed for high-feed turning in heat resistant Inconel 718© alloy were tested using three cutting-edge angles. The results showed that when chip thickness is more relevant, a cutting-edge angle of 30° reduces the likelihood of notches. Even if force components are high, surface roughness is improved and the risk of fractures is minimized, together with a high evacuation volume. On the other hand, increasing the cutting-edge angle (45° and 60°) without compensating the feed rate, tends to produce tool fractures due to chip overload. Besides, experimental tests showed that long tool-to-workpiece contact times, tend to shorten tool life, due to excessive heat accumulation and poor chip control.
Study on the insecticidal activity of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of the fruit fly (Anastrepha obliqua), the main pest in mango crop in Colombia
Authors: Lozano-Tovar María Denis , Ballestas Álvarez Karen Lorena , Sandoval-Lozano Luis Andrés , Palma Mendez Gloria Milena , Barrera-Cubillos Gloria Patricia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate and select entomopathogenic fungi that produces insecticidal compounds for the control of adults of Anastrepha obliqua Macquart (Diptera: tephritidae) that are the main pest of mango (Mangifera indica L. Bark) in Colombia. Nine entomopathogenic fungi isolates were evaluated, five belonging to the genus Metarhizium and four belonging to the genus Beauveria. One strain of the species Metarhizium robertsii with insecticidal activity was selected. By column fractionation, an active fraction was obtained, which caused mortalities higher than 90% after 48 h of exposure. Through HPLC it was determined that the active fraction is composed of more than 22 metabolites. Identification of the metabolites by UHPLC MS/MS revealed the presence of destruxin in E, D, A and B groups (destruxin E-diol, destruxin D, destruxin D1, destruxin D2, destruxin A2, destruxin A, destruxin A3, dihydrodestruxin A, desmB, destruxin B2, destruxin B and destruxin B1). The evaluation of the insecticidal capacity of the organic fractions obtained by HPLC indicated that the extract obtained from the isolate M. robertsii had a compound with high activity on adults of A. obliqua (destruxin A) causing massive mortality of up to 100%, after 48 h of the treatment administration. Furthermore, two other compounds with medium activity were found (destruxin A2 and destruxin B), showing mortalities between 60.0 and 81.3%, respectively. The extract of the isolate MT008 of M. robertsii showed higher insecticidal activity and a potential source for the control of A. obliqua
Analysis of predictors for postoperative complications after pancreatectomy––what is new after establishing the definition of postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis (PPAP)?
Authors: Radulova-Mauersberger O. , Oehme F. , Missel L. , Kahlert C. , Welsch T. , Weitz J. , Distler Marius 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to analyze the predictive value of hyperamylasemia after pancreatectomy for morbidity and for the decision to perform rescue completion pancreatectomy (CP) in a retrospective cohort study.

Methods
Data were extracted from a retrospective clinical database. Postoperative hyperamylasemia (POH) and postoperative hyperlipasemia (POHL) were defined by values greater than those accepted as the upper limit at our institution on postoperative day 1 (POD1). The endpoints of the study were the association of POH with postoperative morbidity and the possible predictors for postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis (PPAP) and severe complications such as the necessity for rescue CP.

Results
We analyzed 437 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy over a period of 7 years. Among them, 219 (52.3%) patients had POH and 200 (47.7%) had normal postoperative amylase (non-POH) levels. A soft pancreatic texture (odds ratio [OR] 3.86) and POH on POD1 (OR 8.2) were independent predictors of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), and POH on POD1 (OR 6.38) was an independent predictor of rescue CP. The clinically relevant POPF (49.5% vs. 11.4%, p < 0.001), intraabdominal abscess (38.3% vs. 15.3%, p < 0.001), postoperative hemorrhage (22.8% vs. 5.1%, p < 0.001), major complications (Clavien-Dindo classification > 2) (52.5% vs. 25.6%, p < 0.001), and CP (13% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001) occurred significantly more often in the POH group than in the non-POH group.

Conclusion
Although POH on POD1 occurs frequently, in addition to other risk factors, it has a predictive value for the development of postoperative morbidity associated with PPAP and CP.