bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes and TB: Confluence of Two Epidemic and Its Effect on Clinical
Presentation
Authors: Dhamotharaswamy Kumudha , Selvaraj Hemalatha , Lakshmanaperumal Padmashree , R. Harsha , Sasankan Anuja S. , Thangavelu Prabha , K. Menaka , Thangavel Sivakumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) has become a rising concern in low-income countries,
particularly in those with Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) epidemics, and type 2 diabetes
has emerged as a significant global chronic health problem, owing to increases in obesity, lifestyle
changes, and ageing populations. Diabetes has been identified as a major risk factor for the development
of TB. Despite the fact that diabetes imparts a substantially lower risk of TB (3-fold) as
compared to HIV (>20-fold), in communities where the number of DM patients is high, the contribution
of diabetes to TB might be bigger than HIV.

Methods:
This review will focus on the link between TB and diabetes, which is now one of the
most important topics for physicians since diabetes impacts the clinical presentation and outcome
of TB and vice versa.

Results:
Though TB is more common in type 1 diabetes, the extent of the problem in type 2 diabetes
should be taken into account with equal care, as type 2 diabetes affects a substantially higher
number of individuals.

Conclusions:
Diabetes patients are more vulnerable to infections because of their impaired immune
systems. Increased glucose level leads to a rise in the infection status among TB patients and
also leads to a rise in various complications. Extensive and increased screening for both TB and
DM over years can help diagnose disease priorly and help in better management. TB, when diagnosed
in its early stages, can be easily eradicated.
Acetyl-L-carnitine and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Current Evidence
and Potential use
Authors: De Marchi Fabiola , Venkatesan Sakthipriyan , Saraceno Massimo , Mazzini Letizia , Grossini Elena 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The management of neurodegenerative diseases can be frustrating for clinicians,
given the limited progress of conventional medicine in this context.

Aim:
For this reason, a more comprehensive, integrative approach is urgently needed. Among various
emerging focuses for intervention, the modulation of central nervous system energetics, oxidative
stress, and inflammation is becoming more and more promising.

Methods:
In particular, electrons leakage involved in the mitochondrial energetics can generate reactive
oxygen-free radical-related mitochondrial dysfunction that would contribute to the etiopathology
of many disorders, such as Alzheimer's and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis,
stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Results:
In this context, using agents, like acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR), provides mitochondrial support,
reduces oxidative stress, and improves synaptic transmission.

Conclusion:
This narrative review aims to update the existing literature on ALCAR molecular profile,
tolerability, and translational clinical potential use in neurodegeneration, focusing on ALS.
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signalling Pathway-A Potential
Target for Cancer Intervention: A Short Overview
Authors: Basnet Rajesh , Bahadur Basnet Buddha , Gupta Radheshyam , Basnet TilBahadur , Khadka Sandhya , Shan Alam Md 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The mammalian role of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is the practical nutrient-sensitive regulation of animal growth and plays a central role in physiology, metabolism, and common diseases. The mTOR is activated in response to nutrients, growth factors, and cellular energy. The mTOR pathway activates in various cellular processes and human cancer diseases. Dysfunction of mTOR signal transduction is associated with metabolic disorders, cancer for instance.

Objective:
In recent years, significant achievements envisaged in developing targeted drugs for cancer. The global impact of cancer continues to grow. However, the focus of disease-modifying therapies remains elusive. The mTOR is a significant target in cancer to be considered for mTOR inhibitors, even though the costs are high. Despite many mTOR inhibitors, potent, selective inhibitors for mTOR are still limited. Therefore, in this review, the mTOR structure and protein-ligand interactions of utmost importance to provide the basis for molecular modelling and structure-based drug design are discussed.

Conclusion:
This review introduces the mTOR, its crystal structure, and the latest research on mTOR.Besides, the role of mTOR in cancer, its function, and its regulation are reviewed. In addition, the mechanistic role of mTOR signalling networks in cancer and interaction with drugs that inhibit the development of mTOR and crystal structures of mTOR and its complexes are explored. Finally, the current status and prospects of mTOR-targeted therapy are addressed.
Indium Metal-Mediated Reactions in Water: Diverse Synthesis of
Important Organic Compounds
Authors: Kamboj Monika , Bajpai Sangeeta , Pandey Garima , Banik Bimal Krishna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Ecofriendly Indium catalyzed synthesis of organic compounds finds various applica-tions in health sectors, electronics, semiconductors, and many more. An efficient co-catalyst and oriented catalyst behavior of Indium has become a choice for many organic transformations. Its compatibility with water, showing nontoxic and nonreactive action, proceeds the reactions with ease. Focus on Indium metal-mediated important organic transformations in water, is visible dur-ing the last decades, resulting in diverse organic compounds with excellent yields This present mini-review highlights some important indium metal-mediated reactions in water, for the diverse synthesis of important organic compounds.
Use of a Smartphone-Based Medication Adherence Platform to Improve Outcomes in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Among Veterans: Prospective Case-Crossover Study
Authors: Rai Amneet , Riddle Mark , Mishra Rajendra , Nguyen Nhien , Valine Kelly , Fenney Megan 
Published: April 2023

Background
Medication nonadherence is a problem that impacts both the patient and the health system.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a novel smartphone app with patient-response-directed clinical intervention on medication adherence and blood glucose control in noninsulin-dependent patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods
We enrolled 50 participants with T2DM not on insulin with smartphones from a rural health care center in Northern Nevada for participation in this case-crossover study. Participants underwent a standard of care arm and an intervention arm. Each study arm was 3 months long, for a total of 6 months of follow-up. Participants had a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) lab draw at enrollment, 3 months, and 6 months. Participants had monthly “medication adherence scores” (MAS) and “Self-Efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale” (SEAMS) questionnaires completed at baseline and monthly for the duration of the study. Our primary outcomes of interest were the changes in HbA1c between study arms. Secondary outcomes included the evaluation of the difference in the proportion of participants achieving a clinically meaningful reduction in HbA1c and the difference in the number of participants requiring diabetes therapy escalation between study arms. Exploratory outcomes included the analysis of the variation in medication possession ratio (MPR), MAS, and SEAMS during each study arm.

Results
A total of 30 participants completed both study arms and were included in the analysis. Dropouts were higher in participants enrolled in the standard of care arm first (9/25, 36% vs 4/25, 16%). Participants had a median HbA1c of 9.1%, had been living with T2DM for 6 years, had a median age of 66 years, and had a median of 8.5 medications. HbA1c reduction was 0.69% in the intervention arm versus 0.35% in the standard of care arm (P=.30). A total of 70% (21/30) of participants achieved a clinically meaningful reduction in HbA1c of 0.5% in the app intervention arm versus 40% (12/30) in the standard of care arm (odds ratio 2.29, 95% CI 0.94-5.6; P=.09). Participants had higher odds of a therapy escalation while in the standard of care arm (18/30, 60% vs 5/30, 16.7%, odds ratio 4.3, 95% CI 1.2-15.2; P=.02). The median MPR prior to enrollment was 109%, 112% during the study’s intervention arm, and 102% during the standard of care arm. The median real-time MAS was 93.2%. The change in MAS (1 vs –0.1; P=.02) and SEAMS (1.9 vs –0.2; P<.001) from baseline to month 3 was higher in the intervention arm compared to standard of care.

Conclusions
A novel smartphone app with patient-response-directed provider intervention holds promise in the ability to improve blood glucose control in complex non–insulin-dependent T2DM and is worthy of additional study.
Understanding What Drives Long-term Engagement in Digital Mental Health Interventions: Secondary Causal Analysis of the Relationship Between Social Networking and Therapy Engagement
Authors: O'Sullivan Shaunagh , van Berkel Niels , Kostakos Vassilis , Schmaal Lianne , D'Alfonso Simon , Valentine Lee , Bendall Sarah , Nelson Barnaby , Gleeson John F , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario 
Published: April 2023

Background
Low engagement rates with digital mental health interventions are a major challenge in the field. Multicomponent digital interventions aim to improve engagement by adding components such as social networks. Although social networks may be engaging, they may not be sufficient to improve clinical outcomes or lead users to engage with key therapeutic components. Therefore, we need to understand what components drive engagement with digital mental health interventions overall and what drives engagement with key therapeutic components.

Objective
Horyzons was an 18-month digital mental health intervention for young people recovering from first-episode psychosis, incorporating therapeutic content and a private social network. However, it is unclear whether use of the social network leads to subsequent use of therapeutic content or vice versa. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between the social networking and therapeutic components of Horyzons.

Methods
Participants comprised 82 young people (16-27 years) recovering from first-episode psychosis. Multiple convergent cross mapping was used to test causality, as a secondary analysis of the Horyzons intervention. Multiple convergent cross mapping tested the direction of the relationship between each pair of social and therapeutic system usage variables on Horyzons, using longitudinal usage data.

Results
Results indicated that the social networking aspects of Horyzons were most engaging. Posting on the social network drove engagement with all therapeutic components (r=0.06-0.36). Reacting to social network posts drove engagement with all therapeutic components (r=0.39-0.65). Commenting on social network posts drove engagement with most therapeutic components (r=0.11-0.18). Liking social network posts drove engagement with most therapeutic components (r=0.09-0.17). However, starting a therapy pathway led to commenting on social network posts (r=0.05) and liking social network posts (r=0.06), and completing a therapy action led to commenting on social network posts (r=0.14) and liking social network posts (r=0.15).

Conclusions
The online social network was a key driver of long-term engagement with the Horyzons intervention and fostered engagement with key therapeutic components and ingredients of the intervention. Online social networks can be further leveraged to engage young people with therapeutic content to ensure treatment effects are maintained and to create virtuous cycles between all intervention components to maintain engagement.

Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12614000009617; https://www.australianclinicaltrials.gov.au/anzctr/trial/ACTRN12614000009617
Linguistic means of speech manipulation in the discourse of modern German-language media
Authors: Kashenkova I. S. 
Published: March 2023

The article touches upon the problem of identifying and analyzing speech manipulation in the texts of German-speaking media. Media determine linguistic and cultural pictures of the world, so the analysis of media language will help to establish trends of influence on the cognitive consciousness of society. In today’s geopolitical environment, the basic functions of the media transform as they use specific techniques of speech manipulation to achieve informational and emotive effectiveness, allowing for the distortion of the cognitive perception of information by the audience. The material for this study was German-language media texts, selected by means of a total sampling and semanticsyntactic analysis. The relevance of the study is in its linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The author states that in the conditions of information pollution all the participants of communication should be able to distinguish the speech manipulation in the text, to qualify information in terms of its significance or reliability, and to calculate the risks of facing manipulative actions. Taking into account the peculiarities of speech manipulation methods used in the modern German-language media texts, the recipient must have sufficient interpretational competence to allow him to overcome the barriers that prevent the identification and mental comprehension of the means of speech manipulation in the texts of foreign-language publications.The main purpose of the study is to remove some difficulties in the perception of information in the German-language media text by presenting signs of indirect pressure and speech manipulation in them. To this end, the article classifies the basic techniques of speech manipulation in terms of linguistic analysis, and also justifies the expediency of the formations of interpretative competence in the sphere of epistemic vigilance. The effectiveness of this competence in relation to leveling the negative impact of the discourse of German-language media on the cognitive consciousness of the audience is argued.
Paralinguistic means of manipulative influence on the voter as exemplified by Dmitry Medvedev’s Telegram Channel
Authors: Pogoretskaya O. A. 
Published: March 2023

The article gives a general characteristic of polycode messengers, which represent an information space that connects different elements of the political system and creates conditions for continuous political communication. Communication through genre 2.0 formats becomes a means of manipulating mass consciousness through these information channels. The need for the analysis of polycode messengers is conditioned by their growing popularity as an arena of political struggle in the modern Russian-speaking information space.Special attention is paid to Telegram messenger due to the convenience of receiving and distributing information instantly, compressed form of delivery and possibility to interact with other voters on that platform.The objective of the study is to present and analyze the impact made on the addressee-actor within the information market of instant messaging service Telegram, to systematize and analyze the polycode media of written communication.An important factor in this context is the polycode organization of the information presented. The role of paralinguistic means of influencing the electorate is assessed based on Dmitry Medvedev’s official Telegram channel.The research material was based on the posts in the official Telegram channel in the period from March 18, 2022 to December 12, 2022 (193 postings).The main method of research is qualitative content analysis, which analyzes the paragraphematic means of written communication − the presentation of the text material and its graphic design, the text accompaniment by such non-verbal components as emoji. The article contains the description of the main paralinguistic means of communication which are based on the variability of the published material volume, typographic variations, upper case, quotation marks, list serve and emoji usage. The functions that emoji language performs in combination with a stand-alone verbal component are described.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Konsumen Dalam Pembelian Sayuran Organik di Pasar Modern Kota Denpasar
Authors: DARMAWATI MADE CINDY , DARMAWAN DWI PUTRA , ANGGRENI I GUSTI AYU AGUNG LIES 
Published: March 2023

Factors Influence Consumers Decisions in Purchasing Organic Vegetables in the Modern Market of Denpasar City
Organic vegetables are one of the products produced from agriculture that are environmentally friendly and closer to the concept of nature, so that it can provide a guarantee of good quality compared to ordinary vegetables. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence consumers decisions in purchasing organic vegetables and the most dominant factors influencing consumers decisions in purchasing organic vegetables in the Modern Market of Denpasar City. The data in this study consisted of qualitative data and quantitative data obtained from primary data sources and secondary data. The sampling technique was done by accidental sampling and obtained 50 respondents. The analysis technique used is SEM-PLS. The dependent variable (Y) is the consumers decisions and the independent variable (X) is price, product quality, location, service, and attitude. The results showed that the variables of price, product quality, and service had a significant effect, while the variables of location and attitude had no significant effect. The dominant variable that influences consumers decisions in purchasing organic vegetables in the Denpasar Modern Market is the price variable. Suggestions for this research are expected in the Modern Market can pay attention to the prices offered. Affordable prices supported by friendly service and appropriate product quality. The location is expected to be easy to reach and the attitude is well received.
Penyuluhan Pertanian Pada Era Kenormalan Baru di Kota Denpasar
Authors: WINDIARI ANAK AGUNG AYU NGURAH RIKA , SUARDI I DEWA PUTU OKA , PUTRA I GEDE SETIAWAN ADI 
Published: March 2023

Agricultural Extension during New Normal Era in Denpasar
The study aimed at (1) the implementation of agricultural extension activities during the New Normal Era (2) the challenges faced by the agricultural extensionists (3) the efforts to solve the problems. The poor implementation includes the preparation, online monitoring, and evaluative reports caused by the uncertain conditions. The obstacles faced in administration, technical infrastructure, supporting facilities, farmer participation, and the IT skill of extensionists. A less good condition of solution was found yet identified as good enough for farmer participation. The data used are primary and secondary data, the methods implemented are questionnaires and interviews. The qualitative and quantitative were data analysis. The results of the study: (1) characteristics of Agricultural Extensionists in Denpasar, 16 persons, average age 53 years 38%, Bachelor 94%, balanced men and women, 50% is civil servant 63%, work experience on average 11 years 50%, the family dependents 48% on average. The characteristics of Subak Head, 12 people: average age 52 years 25%, junior high school graduated 33%,100% male, work experience on average 3 years 50%.(2) the implementation of agricultural extensionists in Denpasar according to PPL is classified as poor category, 56% of respondents. Subak Head counseling was carried out offline, by mobile phone, and by zoom meeting, it was not good, 67% respondents, the material was quite good, 75% respondents. (3) obstacles based on the research results are classified as poor, 56% respondents. (4) efforts to overcome obstacles to agricultural extensionists in the New Normal Era in Denpasar, 69% respondents were not good.
Pemberdayaan Wanita dalam Pemanfaatan Pekarangan Rumah dengan Tanaman Herbal untuk Peningkatan Kesehatan Masyarakat di Kampung KB Desa Pangarangan Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Damayanti Cory Nelia , Hannan Mujib , Hidayat Syaifurrahman 
Published: April 2023

Seiring bertambahnya penduduk dan perumahan, pekarangan rumah semakin sempit bahkan seringkali terbengkalai. Sebagaimana kurangnya pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah di Kampung KB Desa Pangarangan akibat rendahnya pengetahuan tentang pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah. Padahal pekarangan mempunyai manfaat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan maupun tanaman herbal untuk pengobatan. Banyak yang belum mengetahui bahwa tanaman herbal di pekarangan rumah memiliki fungsi estetika maupun ramuan alami untuk pengobatan. Oleh sebab itu, dianggap penting bagi kami sebagai tim pengabdian untuk melakukan penyuluhan dan demonstrasi kepada masyarakat (khususnya wanita) tentang pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah dengan tanaman herbal. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan dan pendampingan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah dapat meningkatkan pemberdayaan wanita dalam hal pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah dengan tanaman herbal untuk meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat. Informasi yang diberikan mengenai jenis, manfaat dan tata cara mengolah tanaman herbal. Salah satu program yang dapat dilaksanakan oleh perempuan dalam upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan keluarga, khususnya di bidang pangan adalah program penanaman dan pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA). Selain itu, terdapat perubahan perilaku dari warga setelah mengetahui manfaat pekarangan rumah dengan tanaman herbal. Perubahan perilaku tersebut terlihat dengan adanya tanaman herbal di setiap pekarangan rumah warga.
Pengelolaan Limbah Cair untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Lingkungan pada Rumah Ternak di Desa Patean Kecamatan Batuan Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Chayati Cholilul , Harun Mohamad , Sulaiman Arya Aris 
Published: April 2023

Desa Patean Kecamatan Batuan Kabupaten Sumenep merupakan desa yang terletak di daerah dataran rendah yang terdiri dari tiga dusun yaitu Patean Utara, Patean Selatan, Barat Sungai. Mayoritas penduduknya sebagai petani dan peternak dengan ternak sapi, kambimg dan ikan. Dusun barat sungai karena di dusun barat sungai terdapat rumah ternak yang berada di satu kawasan dengan jumlah hewan ternak ± 86 ekor sapi dan kambing dengan jumlah kendang ± 19 kandang. Permasalahan yang ada di lokasi PKM yaitu lingkungan kandang yang kumuh, tingkat ketidaktahuan masyarakat tentang pengolahan limbah yang baik sehingga lebih cenderung membuang limbah tidak pada tempatnya. Kecenderungan membuang limbah ternak di sekitar lingkunga kandang dan tidak adanya sistem sanitasi yang baik, solusi yang di tawarkan yaitu adanya edukasi serta sosialisai kepada masyarakat tentang kandang sapi yang baik dengan sistem pengolahan limbahnya, memberikan contoh desain bangunan kandang sapi yang nyaman dan sehat dengan sistem pengelolaan limbahnya. Dari solusi tersebut menghasilkan contoh desain kandang dengan ukuran 10mx20m yang dilengkapi sistem sanitasi dan pengelolaan limbah dengan kapasitas 10 ekor sapi.