bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA011: mTOR pathway gene expression in association with race and clinicopathological characteristics in Black and White breast cancer patients
Authors: Ilozumba Mmadili N. , Yao Song , Llanos Adana A. M. , Omilian Angela R. , Zhang Weizhou , Datta Susmita , Hong Chi Chen , Davis Warren , Khoury Thaer , Bandera Elisa V. , Higgins Michael , Ambrosone Christine B. , Cheng Ting Yuan David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Aberrant activation of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been linked to obesity and endocrine therapy resistance, factors that may contribute to Black White disparities in breast cancer outcomes. We evaluated associations of race and clinicopathological characteristics with mRNA expression of key mTOR pathway genes in breast tumors. Methods Surgical tumor tissue blocks were collected from 367 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients (190 Black and 177 White). Gene expression of AKT1, EIF4EBP1, MTOR, RPS6KB2, and TSC1 were quantified by NanoString nCounter. Differential gene expression was assessed using linear regression on log2-transformed values. Gene expression and DNA methylation data from TCGA were used for validation and investigation of race-related differences. Results Compared to White women, Black women had relative under-expression of AKT1 (log2 fold-change = - 0.31, 95% CI - 0.44, - 0.18) and RPS6KB2 (log2 fold-change = - 0.11, 95% CI - 0.19, - 0.03). Higher vs. lower tumor grade was associated with relative over-expression of EIF4EBP1 and RPS6KB2, but with lower expression of TSC1. Compared to luminal tumors, triple-negative tumors had relative under-expression of TSC1 (log2 fold-change = - 0.42, 95% CI - 0.22, - 0.01). The results were similar in the TCGA breast cancer dataset. Post-hoc analyses identified differential CpG methylation within the AKT1 and RPS6KB2 locus between Black and White women. Conclusions Over-expression of RPS6KB2 and EIF4EBP1 and under-expression of TSC1 might be indicators of more aggressive breast cancer phenotypes. Differential expression of AKT1 and RPS6KB2 by race warrants further investigation to elucidate their roles in racial disparities of treatment resistance and outcomes between Black and White women with breast cancer.
Citation Format: Mmadili N. Ilozumba, Song Yao, Adana A. M. Llanos, Angela R. Omilian, Weizhou Zhang, Susmita Datta, Chi Chen Hong, Warren Davis, Thaer Khoury, Elisa V. Bandera, Michael Higgins, Christine B. Ambrosone, Ting Yuan David Cheng. mTOR pathway gene expression in association with race and clinicopathological characteristics in Black and White breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA011.
Abstract IA018: “Pursuing Wicozani for the Oceti Sakowin”: Reducing cancer disparities among AI/AN in the Great Plains
Authors: Mousseau Richard J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations are among the underserved minority groups in the country and have the lowest survival rates for nearly all types of cancer of any subpopulation in the United States. Great Plains AI/AN populations have the highest age-adjusted cancers mortality compared to Native Americans from any other region. Addressing disparities in cancer outcomes among Great Plains AI/AN populations poses challenges in transportation, access to services, linguistic, and cultural variates. The Great Plains Tribal Leaders Health Board Community Health Department offers a variety of programs and projects to address these challenges and reduce these cancer disparities.
Citation Format: Richard J. Mousseau. “Pursuing Wicozani for the Oceti Sakowin”: Reducing cancer disparities among AI/AN in the Great Plains [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA018.
Abstract IA027: Role of stress-survival pathways and transcriptomic alterations in progression of colorectal cancer: A Hispanic health disparities perspective
Authors: Kulkarni Aditi , Basnet Urbashi , Rangel Frances , Roy Sourav 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Essential to improving treatment, prognosis, and detection strategies are the identification and validation of new ethnicity-specific genomic profiles in cellular stress and survival pathways as effective predictors of colorectal cancer (CRC). These pathways are increasingly implicated in tumorigenesis of CRC and in providing resistance to chemotherapy-induced cell death. In this study, we have explored the role of these pathways in the biological significance of the expression of stress-survival pathway-associated genes in CRC progression and their role in promoting tumor aggressiveness from the Hispanic health disparities perspective. Transcript expression of oxidative stress and apoptosis-associated gene was evaluated in CRC gene microarray and RNAseq datasets to obtain 28 target genes. These genes were screened for transcript-level expression in six CRC cell lines and cDNA arrays containing the tumor (n=40) from different stages, and control (n=8) samples. The protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in CRC microarrays (TMAs) containing different stages of tumor (n = 108) and control (n = 12) tissues. Target genes were also analyzed in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White (NHWs) tissues at the transcript level. The analysis of target genes FOXM1, CDK1, CDK4, Chek1, and MCM10 showed consistent upregulation in CRC cell lines, cDNA arrays, and TMAs. The differential expression was also associated with the tumor stages. Among the target genes, Chek1, MCM10, and FOXM1 were found to be differentially expressed in Hispanic tissues when compared to the NHW samples. No significant difference was observed in the expression levels of CDK1 and CDK4 between the Hispanic and NHW tissues. Eight genes that did not show differential expression in CRC cell lines, were also seen to be upregulated in the Hispanic tissues, suggesting the influence of ethnicity-specific genetic makeup on the expression of these genes. The genes identified to be upregulated in Hispanic tissues may be used as potential biomarkers or as therapeutic targets in the Hispanic population.
Citation Format: Aditi Kulkarni, Urbashi Basnet, Frances Rangel, Sourav Roy. Role of stress-survival pathways and transcriptomic alterations in progression of colorectal cancer: A Hispanic health disparities perspective [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA027.
Abstract IA042: Global disparities: A global approach to understanding the generative mechanisms underpinning cancer health disparities
Authors: Alaro James R. , Palafox Neal A. , Denny Lynette Ann 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Advances in cancer research have resulted in a decline in overall cancer incidence and deaths, and an increase in the number of cancer survivors globally. However, this progress has not been shared equally in the global community with certain populations continuing to experience significant or worsening cancer disparities. There are gaps in our understanding of the etiologies and drivers of global cancer disparities. Studying cancer health disparities systematically with a coordinated global effort offers opportunities to understand and develop context-specific interventions which may be adapted and translated across multiple global settings. The science of health disparities has advanced significantly in the past decade, resulting in a strong foundational knowledge of the causes of disparities in specific communities. Future disparities research must now recognize the inherent complex and dynamic connections and interrelationships among multiple factors from which these cancer disparities emerge. Broader use of methodological approaches that more fully account for the complex socio-cultural context in which disparities occur will enable the development of sustainable, resource- and culturally-appropriate interventions to reduce disparities in multiple global settings. To prevent, reduce, and ultimately eliminate global cancer health disparities and achieve cancer health-equity globally, a value-driven, globo-centric effort is needed to unravel the complex generative mechanisms that underpin disparities in similar socio-biological contexts across Multiple settings globally. This session aims to discuss example approaches to systematically study and address cancer health disparities globally.
Citation Format: James R. Alaro, Neal A. Palafox, Lynette Ann Denny. Global disparities: A global approach to understanding the generative mechanisms underpinning cancer health disparities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA042.
Digital Leadership and Teachers’ Performance: Basis for a Proposed Training Program
Authors: Dela Rosa Marivic Agbuya 
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to determine the digital leadership and performance of teachers in Marikina City. The paper utilized a descriptive research design to accomplish the investigation and validate the level of digital leadership of school administrators and the performance of teachers. The main objective of the study was to describe the nature of a situation as it exists at the time of the study and to explore the cause of a particular phenomenon. The statistical treatments of data used were weighted mean, t-test, and Pearson r correlation. The extent of level of digital leadership as perceived by the school administrators in public secondary schools in Marikina was very knowledgeable. The extent level on digital leadership as perceived by the teachers in public secondary schools in Marikina was very knowledgeable. There was a slight correlation between the digital leadership and teachers’ performance. The school administrators should encourage themselves and be motivated to pursue digital learning development that would increase their techno-leadership style.
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Is Predominantly Associated With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events in Patients With Evidence of Coronary Atherosclerosis: The Western Denmark Heart Registry
Authors: Mortensen Martin Bødtker , Dzaye Omar , Bøtker Hans Erik , Jensen Jesper Møller , Maeng Michael , Bentzon Jacob Fog , Kanstrup Helle , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Leipsic Jonathon , Blankstein Ron , Nasir Khurram , Blaha Michael J. , Nørgaard Bjarne Linde 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an important causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, a sizable proportion of middle-aged individuals with elevated LDL-C level have not developed coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by coronary artery calcification (CAC). Whether presence of CAC modifies the association of LDL-C with ASCVD risk is unknown. We evaluated the association of LDL-C with future ASCVD events in patients with and without CAC.

Methods:

The study included 23 132 consecutive symptomatic patients evaluated for coronary artery disease using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) from the Western Denmark Heart Registry, a seminational, multicenter-based registry with longitudinal registration of patient and procedure data. We assessed the association of LDL-C level obtained before CTA with ASCVD (myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke) events occurring during follow-up stratified by CAC>0 versus CAC=0 using Cox regression models adjusted for baseline characteristics. Outcomes were identified through linkage among national registries covering all hospitals in Denmark. We replicated our results in the
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
–funded Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Results:

During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, 552 patients experienced a first ASCVD event. In the overall population, LDL-C (per 38.7 mg/dL increase) was associated with ASCVD events occurring during follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.14 [95% CI, 1.04–1.24]). When stratified by the presence or absence of baseline CAC, LDL-C was only associated with ASCVD in the 10 792/23 132 patients (47%) with CAC>0 (aHR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.06–1.31]); no association was observed among the 12 340/23 132 patients (53%) with CAC=0 (aHR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.87–1.18]). Similarly, a very high LDL-C level (
>
193 mg/dL) versus LDL-C <116 mg/dL was associated with ASCVD in patients with CAC>0 (aHR, 2.42 [95% CI, 1.59–3.67]) but not in those without CAC (aHR, 0.92 [0.48–1.79]). In patients with CAC=0, diabetes, current smoking, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with future ASCVD events. The principal findings were replicated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:
LDL-C appears to be almost exclusively associated with ASCVD events over ≈5 years of follow-up in middle-aged individuals with versus without evidence of coronary atherosclerosis. This information is valuable for individualized risk assessment among middle-aged people with or without coronary atherosclerosis.
Early Antiplatelet Resumption and the Risks of Major Bleeding After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Chi-Hung , Wu Yi-Ling , Hsu Chih-Cheng , Lee Tsong-Hai 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The appropriate timing of resuming antithrombotic therapy after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the risks of major bleeding between early and late antiplatelet resumption in ICH survivors.

Methods:
Between 2008 and 2017, ICH patients were available in the National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients with a medication possession ratio of antiplatelet treatment ≥50% before ICH and after antiplatelet resumption were screened. We excluded patients with atrial fibrillation, heart failure, under anticoagulant or hemodialysis treatment, and developed cerebrovascular events or died before antiplatelet resumption. Finally, 1584 eligible patients were divided into EARLY (≤30 days) and LATE groups (31–365 days after the index ICH) based on the timing of antiplatelet resumption. Patients were followed until the occurrence of a clinical outcome, end of 1-year follow-up, death, or until December 31, 2018. The primary outcome was recurrent ICH. The secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, major hemorrhagic events, major occlusive vascular events, and ischemic stroke. Cox proportional hazard model after matching was used for comparison between the 2 groups.

Results:
Both the EARLY and LATE groups had a similar risk of 1-year recurrent ICH (EARLY versus LATE: 3.12% versus 3.27%; adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.967 [95% CI, 0.522–1.791]) after matching. Both groups also had a similar risk of each secondary outcome at 1-year follow-up. Subgroup analyses disclosed early antiplatelet resumption in the patients without prior cerebrovascular disease were associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality (AHR, 0.199 [95% CI, 0.054–0.739]) and major hemorrhagic events (AHR, 0.090 [95% CI, 0.010–0.797]), while early antiplatelet resumption in the patients with chronic kidney disease were associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke (AHR, 0.065 [95% CI, 0.012–0.364]).

Conclusions:
Early resumption of antiplatelet was as safe as delayed antiplatelet resumption in ICH patients. Besides, those without prior cerebrovascular disease or with chronic kidney disease may benefit more from early antiplatelet resumption.
Hadley Cell Size and Strength Responses Depend on Turbulent Drag
Authors: Flynn Clare Marie , Mauritsen Thorsten 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The position and strength of the Hadley cell circulation determine the habitable zones in the tropics, yet our understanding of and ability to predict changes in the circulation is limited. One potentially important source of uncertainty is the dependence of the Hadley cell on turbulent drag. Here, the sensitivity of the Hadley cell and associated features such as the intertropical convergence zone to variations in the magnitude of the turbulent drag is explored with an atmospheric general circulation model in aquaplanet configuration. The tropical circulation and precipitation, and extratropical features such as the polar jet stream, displayed a strong sensitivity to the strength of the parameterized turbulent drag, with distinct low- or high-drag regimes. However, the response of the meridional heat transport produced a surprising departure from previous expectations: with greater drag, simulations exhibited less heat transport than low-drag simulations, which is in the opposite sense to that from Held and Hou. This may be due to the energetic constraints in the present model framework. When exposed to a uniform global warming, the response of the ITCZ precipitation depends strongly on the choice of drag, whereas most simulations exhibit a poleward expansion of the subtropics.
Three-Dimensional Analyses of Postoperative Effects of Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (SARPE) on the Soft Tissue of the Midface Region and the Upper Airway Space Using Stereophotogrammetry and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)
Authors: Heldmaier Wiebke , Lonic Daniel , Loeffelbein Denys J. 
Published: January 2023

Background Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) is an established method to treat transverse maxillary hypoplasia in skeletally mature adult patients. SARPE affects the surrounding soft tissue. In addition, effects on the airway and breathing have been described. Aim of this study was to assess the effects of SARPE on the nasal soft tissue and the upper airway by means of three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods This retrospective study used preoperative and postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry. Ten skeletally adult patients (4 male, 6 female; mean age 27.68 years) with transverse maxillary hypoplasia were included. Patients had undergone SARPE procedure, performed by the same surgical team using the same technique. Nasal soft tissue changes were analyzed, using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry records taken preoperatively (t0) and at the postoperative checkup appointment (t1). The upper airway was assessed using CBCT scans for surgical planning (t0) and the first scan taken after SARPE (t1). Results In stereophotogrammetry, it was shown that only a few soft tissue nasal parameters increased significantly and SARPE leads to mainly clinically irrelevant changes in nasal soft tissue. In CBCT, only a significant increase in nasopharyngeal airway volume was found. Discussion Results were in alignment with literature. The effects of SARPE on the nasal soft tissue are mostly statistically insignificant and clinically irrelevant. Airway volume significantly increased in the nasopharyngeal area. Further research on SARPE effects should be conducted to reinforce SARPE as a treatment option for sleep apnea patients.
Post-Operative Order Set Decreases Opioid Prescriptions and Increases Efficiency
Authors: Bates Jenna N. , Batra Anjay K. , Auerbach Jeremy M. , Pathak Ujval I. , Hoang Nhi , Taylor Jennifer M. 
Published: January 2023

Background Opioid addiction remains a public health crisis. We aimed to create an electronic medical record (EMR) based protocol to decrease post-operative prescribing of opioid medications and streamline the ordering process while maintaining adequate pain control. Methods An order set was created to minimize opioid prescriptions. The post-operative prescribing practices for minor urologic procedures (MUOs) over 6-week periods at three time points were compared: one period before and two periods after implementation of the order set. Results 72 MUOs were performed in the pre-implementation, 52 in post-implementation, and 60 in the long-term period. Opioid medications were prescribed for 66 patients (91.7%) pre-implementation, 23 patients (44.2%) post-implementation, and 45 patients (75.0%) at the long-term time point ( P < .0001 and P = .015 respectively). The mean morphine milligram equivalent (MME) prescribed was 81.52 units before implementation, 38.74 units after, and 24.21 units at the long-term time point ( P = .0002 and P < .0001 respectively). Discussion The integration of a post-operative prescribing order set into our EMR substantially decreased opioid prescribing after MUO while streamlining the ordering process to improve efficiency.
The Demographics and Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society Membership Status of Surgery’s Top Leadership
Authors: Naaseh Ariana , Tohmasi Steven , Stamos Michael J. , Jafari Mehraneh D. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose Diversity and equity are priorities of many academic Departments of Surgery (DoS). Induction into Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society (AOA) denotes academic excellence and can potentially propel an academic career. Research has demonstrated that underrepresented in medicine (URM) students are less likely to be elected to AOA. In this study, we aim to examine the Chairs in American departments of surgery to examine their gender, racial, and ethnic background and AOA membership status. Method An anonymous survey was generated via REDCap and electronically sent to the Chair of Surgery at the top 75 DoS based on “Reputation” on Doximity Residency Navigator 2020-2021. Seven chairs with non-publicly accessible email addresses were excluded. Results Of the eligible chairs (N = 68), 38 (55.9%) completed the survey, of which 34 (89.5%) identified as men. AOA membership was reported in 65.8% (n = 25) respondents, with 8% (n = 2) self-identifying as women and 92% (n = 23) self-identifying as men. Of the men respondents, 74% (n = 25) reported AOA membership, while 50% of women (n = 2) reported AOA membership. Of the AOA chairs, 4% (n = 1) self-identified as Asian while 96% (n = 24) self-identified as White. The majority (57.9%, n = 22) of eligible chair respondents were White, men, and AOA members. Of the 25 AOA members, 18 (72.0%) felt their membership has positively impacted their career. Conclusions We found that the majority of American Surgical Chairs self-identify as white men. The number of men who were AOA was higher than women chairs.