bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prediction from MLAT to L2 achievement is largely due to MLAT assessment of underlying L1 abilities
Authors: Sparks Richard L. , Dale Philip S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWidespread use of the Modern Language Aptitude Test (MLAT) in L2 studies of individual differences implicitly assumes that L2 aptitude is a distinct cognitive facet. There is considerable evidence for prediction from L1 abilities to L2 learning. In this longitudinal study, L1-MLAT-L2 relations were examined in 307 US secondary students based on six L1 and six L2 measures of language and literacy, and the MLAT. Mediation and regression analyses revealed that each L1 measure individually predicted all L2 scores and MLAT; the L1 measures collectively substantially predicted MLAT scores; MLAT is a significant but moderate mediator of prediction from L1 to L2 scores; and prediction from MLAT to L2 scores is significantly and substantially due to variance in L1 abilities captured by MLAT. Overall, prediction from MLAT is due primarily to its functioning as a measure of L1 abilities, although substantial L1 variance which predicts L2 scores is not captured by the MLAT.
Is the Requirement for First-Person Experience of Psychedelic Drugs a Justified Component of a Psychedelic Therapist’s Training?
Authors: Emmerich Nathan , Humphries Bryce 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent research offers good reason to think that various psychedelic drugs—including psilocybin, ayahuasca, ketamine, MDMA, and LSD—may have significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of various mental health conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, existential distress, and addiction. Although the use of psychoactive drugs, such as Diazepam or Ritalin, is well established, psychedelics arguably represent a therapeutic step change. As experiential therapies, their value would seem to lie in the subjective experiences they induce. As it is the only way for trainee psychedelic therapists to fully understand their subjective effects, some have suggested that firsthand experience of psychedelics should form part of training programs. We question this notion. First, we consider whether the epistemic benefits offered by drug-induced psychedelic experience are as unique as is supposed. We then reflect on the value it might have in regard to the training of psychedelic therapists. We conclude that, absent stronger evidence of the contribution drug-induced experiences make to the training of psychedelic therapists, requiring trainees to take psychedelic drugs does not seem ethically legitimate. However, given the potential for epistemic benefit cannot be entirely ruled out, permitting trainees who wish to gain first-hand experience of psychedelics may be permissible.
Doctoral clinical psychology student commentary on common myths about CBT: lessons learned for competency-based training
Authors: Dessert Ashton , Lynch Aadila , McMillon Ashley , Terrill Madeline , MacNeil Brad A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Effective methods for training and education in the dissemination of evidence-based treatments is a priority. This commentary provides doctoral clinical psychology graduate student authors perspectives on common myths about cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Three myths were identified and considered: (1) CBT does not value the therapeutic relationship; (2) CBT is overly rigid; and (3) exposure techniques are cruel. Graduate students were engaged in a competency-based course in Cognitive Behavioural Approaches to Psychotherapy at an American Psychological Association (APA)-accredited doctoral clinical psychology program. The origins of common myths identified by graduate students included a lack of in-depth coverage of CBT and brief video segments provided during introductory courses, lived experience with CBT, and pre-determined views of manualized treatment and exposure techniques. Myth-addressing factors discussed by graduate students included holding space at the start of training for a discussion of attitudes about CBT, specific learning activities, and course content described in this commentary. Finally, self-reported changes in graduate students’ attitudes and behaviour following the course included a more favourable view of CBT as valuing the therapeutic relationship, as well as implementation of resources provided, and techniques learned and practised at practicum settings. Limitations and lessons learned are discussed through the lens of a model of adult learning that may be applied to future graduate training in evidence-based therapies like CBT.

Key learning aims

(1)
To understand common myths about cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) that doctoral students in clinical psychology hold prior to entering a course in CBT.

(2)
To understand the possible origins of these myths, factors that may address their impacts, and changes in attitudes and behaviour among graduate students as a result.

(3)
To examine the lessons learned that can be applied to future training in evidence-based therapies like CBT.
Whose bread I eat, their song I sing? How the gender of MPs influences the use of oversight mechanisms in government and opposition
Authors: Kroeber Corinna , Krauss Svenja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article is the first to show that gender shapes the degree to which legislators use formal mechanisms to oversee government activities. Extensive scholarly work has analysed the use of oversight instruments, especially regarding who monitors whom. Whether, how, and why the conformity of men and women with institutional roles differs, has not yet received scholarly attention. We hypothesise that women become more active than men in overseeing the executive when in opposition while reducing their monitoring activities even more strongly than men when in government because of different social roles ascribed to men and women as well as differences in risk aversity between sexes. We analyse panel data for three oversight tools from the GermanBundestagbetween 1949 and 2013 to test this proposition. Our findings imply that characteristics of political actors influence even a strongly institutionalised process as oversight and further clarify the gender bias in political representation.
Oral pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) during pregnancy increases cardiomyocyte endowment in spontaneous IUGR guinea pigs
Authors: Mattern Jordan , Gemmell Andrew , Allen Paige E. , Mathers Katherine E. , Regnault Timothy R.H. , Stansfield Brian K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) exerts a negative impact on developing cardiomyocytes and emerging evidence suggests activation of oxidative stress pathways plays a key role in this altered development. Here, we provided pregnant guinea pig sows with PQQ, an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone that functions as a redox cofactor antioxidant, during the last half of gestation as a potential antioxidant intervention for IUGR-associated cardiomyopathy.Methods:Pregnant guinea pig sows were randomly assigned to receive PQQ or placebo at mid gestation and fetuses were identified as spontaneous IUGR (spIUGR) or normal growth (NG) near term yielding four cohorts: NG ± PQQ and spIUGR ± PQQ. Cross sections of fetal left and right ventricles were prepared and cardiomyocyte number, collagen deposition, proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (TUNEL) were analyzed.Results:Cardiomyocyte endowment was reduced in spIUGR fetal hearts when compared to NG; however, PQQ exerted a positive effect on cardiomyocyte number in spIUGR hearts. Cardiomyocytes undergoing proliferation and apoptosis were more common in spIUGR ventricles when compared with NG animals, which was significantly reduced with PQQ supplementation. Similarly, collagen deposition was increased in spIUGR ventricles and was partially rescued in PQQ-treated spIUGR animals.Conclusion:The negative influence of spIUGR on cardiomyocyte number, apoptosis, and collagen deposition during parturition can be suppressed by antenatal administration of PQQ to pregnant sows. These data identify a novel therapeutic intervention for irreversible spIUGR-associated cardiomyopathy.
Observations of Dynamical Flux Ropes and Active Multiple X‐Line Reconnection at Earth's Magnetopause
Authors: Zhong Z. H. , Lei G. Y. , Zhou M. , Zhang M. , Tang R. X. , Graham D. B. , Pang Y. , Deng X. H. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) observations of three flux ropes (FRs) sequentially in a reconnection exhaust at Earth's magnetopause. Three active X‐lines, which are responsible for the formation of these FRs, were also detected by MMS, providing strong evidence that the FRs were generated by multiple X‐line reconnection. We find that the core field inside the FRs considerably affects the Hall current in the adjacent X‐lines. The intense core field of the FRs deflected the electron outflow jet, forming the electron‐scale Hall magnetic field on the magnetosheath side. Additionally, an active secondary reconnection was observed at the center of one FR. This secondary reconnection split the FR into two smaller FRs and produced sharp density gradients and intense fluctuations of electric field and current within the FR. These observations advance the understanding of the formation and evolution of FRs during multiple X‐line reconnection at magnetopause.
Using Space‐Based CO2 and NO2 Observations to Estimate Urban CO2 Emissions
Authors: Yang Emily G. , Kort Eric A. , Ott Lesley E. , Oda Tomohiro , Lin John C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs the majority of fossil fuel carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions originate from cities, the use of novel techniques to leverage available satellite observations of CO2 and proxy species to constrain urban CO2 is of great importance. In this study, we seek to empirically determine relationships between satellite observations of CO2 and the proxy species nitrogen dioxide (NO2), applying these relationships to NO2 fields to generate NO2‐derived CO2 fields (NDCFs) from which CO2 emissions can be estimated. We first establish this method using simulations of CO2 and NO2 for the cities of Buenos Aires, Melbourne, and Mexico City, finding that the method is viable throughout the year. For the same three cities, we next calculate empirical relationships (slopes) between co‐located observations of NO2 from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument and Snapshot Area Mode observations of CO2 from Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐3. Applying varying combinations of slopes to generate NDCFs, we evaluate methodological uncertainties for each slope application method and use a simple mass balance method to estimate CO2 emissions from NDCFs. We demonstrate monthly urban CO2 emissions estimates that are comparable to emissions inventory estimates. We additionally prove the utility of our method by demonstrating how large uncertainties at a grid cell level (equivalent to ∼1–3 ppm) can be reduced substantially when aggregating emissions estimates from NDCFs generated from all NO2 swaths (about 1%–6%). Rather than rely on prior knowledge of emission ratios, our method circumvents such assumptions and provides a valuable observational constraint on urban CO2 emissions.
Testing universality of Feynman-Tan relation in interacting Bose gases using high-order Bragg spectra
Authors: Wang Yunfei , Du Huiying , Li Yuqing , Mei Feng , Hu Ying , Xiao Liantuan , Ma Jie , Jia Suotang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Feynman-Tan relation, obtained by combining the Feynman energy relation with the Tan’s two-body contact, can explain the excitation spectra of strongly interacting 39K Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Since the shift of excitation resonance in the Feynman-Tan relation is inversely proportional to atomic mass, the test of whether this relation is universal for other atomic systems is significant for describing the effect of interaction in strongly correlated Bose gases. Here we measure the high-momentum excitation spectra of 133Cs BEC with widely tunable interactions by using the second- and third-order Bragg spectra. We observe the backbending of frequency shift of excitation resonance with increasing interaction, and even the shift changes its sign under the strong interactions in the high-order Bragg spectra. Our finding shows good agreement with the prediction based on the Feynman-Tan relation. Our results provide significant insights for understanding the profound properties of strongly interacting Bose gases.
Supplementation with α-ketoglutarate improved the efficacy of anti-PD1 melanoma treatment through epigenetic modulation of PD-L1
Authors: Liu Nian , Zhang Jianglin , Yan Mingjie , Chen Lihui , Wu Jie , Tao Qian , Yan Bei , Chen Xiang , Peng Cong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatients with advanced melanoma have shown an improved outlook after anti-PD1 therapy, but the low response rate restricts clinical benefit; therefore, enhancing anti-PD1 therapeutic efficacy remains a major challenge. Here, our findings showed a significantly increased abundance of α-KG in healthy controls, anti-PD1-sensitive melanoma-bearing mice, and anti-PD1-sensitive melanoma patients; moreover, supplementation with α-KG enhanced the efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy and increased PD-L1 expression in melanoma tumors via STAT1/3. We also found that supplementation with α-KG significantly increased the activity of the methylcytosine dioxygenases TET2/3, which led to an increased 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) level in the PD-L1 promoter. As a consequence, STAT1/3 binding to the PD-L1 promoter was stabilized to upregulate PD-L1 expression. Importantly, single-cell sequencing of preclinical samples and analysis of clinical data revealed that TET2/3-STAT1/3-CD274 signaling was associated with sensitivity to anti-PD1 treatment in melanoma. Taken together, our results provide novel insight into α-KG’s function in anti-PD1 treatment of melanoma and suggest supplementation with α-KG as a novel promising strategy to improve the efficacy of anti-PD1 therapy.
Variant spectrum of PIEZO1 and KCNN4 in Japanese patients with dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis
Authors: Nakahara Erina , Yamamoto Keiko Shimojima , Ogura Hiromi , Aoki Takako , Utsugisawa Taiju , Azuma Kenko , Akagawa Hiroyuki , Watanabe Kenichiro , Muraoka Michiko , Nakamura Fumihiko , Kamei Michi , Tatebayashi Koji , Shinozuka Jun , Yamane Takahisa , Hibino Makoto , Katsura Yoshiya , Nakano-Akamatsu Sonoko , Kadowaki Norimitsu , Maru Yoshiro , Ito Etsuro , Ohga Shouichi , Yagasaki Hiroshi , Morioka Ichiro , Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Kanno Hitoshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHereditary stomatocytosis (HSt) is a type of congenital hemolytic anemia caused by abnormally increased cation permeability of erythrocyte membranes. Dehydrated HSt (DHSt) is the most common subtype of HSt and is diagnosed based on clinical and laboratory findings related to erythrocytes. PIEZO1 and KCNN4 have been recognized as causative genes, and many related variants have been reported. We analyzed the genomic background of 23 patients from 20 Japanese families suspected of having DHSt using a target capture sequence and identified pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants of PIEZO1 or KCNN4 in 12 families.
Precise characterization of a corridor-shaped structure in Khufu’s Pyramid by observation of cosmic-ray muons
Authors: Procureur Sébastien , Morishima Kunihiro , Kuno Mitsuaki , Manabe Yuta , Kitagawa Nobuko , Nishio Akira , Gomez Hector , Attié David , Sakakibara Ami , Hikata Kotaro , Moto Masaki , Mandjavidze Irakli , Magnier Patrick , Lehuraux Marion , Benoit Théophile , Calvet Denis , Coppolani Xavier , Kebbiri Mariam , Mas Philippe , Helal Hany , Tayoubi Mehdi , Marini Benoit , Serikoff Nicolas , Anwar Hamada , Steiger Vincent , Takasaki Fumihiko , Fujii Hirofumi , Satoh Kotaro , Kodama Hideyo , Hayashi Kohei , Gable Pierre , Guerriero Emmanuel , Mouret Jean-Baptiste , Elnady Tamer , Elshayeb Yasser , Elkarmoty Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractKhufu’s Pyramid is one of the largest archaeological monument all over the world, which still holds many mysteries. In 2016 and 2017, the ScanPyramids team reported on several discoveries of previously unknown voids by cosmic-ray muon radiography that is a non-destructive technique ideal for the investigation of large-scale structures. Among these discoveries, a corridor-shaped structure has been observed behind the so-called Chevron zone on the North face, with a length of at least 5 meters. A dedicated study of this structure was thus necessary to better understand its function in relation with the enigmatic architectural role of this Chevron. Here we report on new measurements of excellent sensitivity obtained with nuclear emulsion films from Nagoya University and gaseous detectors from CEA, revealing a structure of about 9 m length with a transverse section of about 2.0 m by 2.0 m.
Maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infant protection against SARS-CoV-2 during the first six months of life
Authors: Zerbo Ousseny , Ray G. Thomas , Fireman Bruce , Layefsky Evan , Goddard Kristin , Lewis Edwin , Ross Pat , Omer Saad , Greenberg Mara , Klein Nicola P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe examined the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection in 30,311 infants born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 15, 2020, to May 31, 2022. Using Cox regression, the effectiveness of ≥2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine received during pregnancy was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 66, 93), 62% (CI: 39, 77) and 56% (CI: 34,71) during months 0–2, 0–4 and 0- 6 of a child’s life, respectively, in the Delta variant period. In the Omicron variant period, the effectiveness of maternal vaccination in these three age intervals was 21% (CI: −21,48), 14% (CI: −9,32) and 13% (CI: −3,26), respectively. Over the entire study period, the incidence of hospitalization for COVID-19 was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants of vaccinated mothers compared with infants of unvaccinated mothers (21/100,000 person-years vs. 100/100,000 person-years). Maternal vaccination was protective, but protection was lower during Omicron than during Delta. Protection during both periods decreased as infants aged.
Structural features discriminating hybrid histidine kinase Rec domains from response regulator homologs
Authors: Brüderlin Mitchell , Böhm Raphael , Fadel Firas , Hiller Sebastian , Schirmer Tilman , Dubey Badri N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn two-component systems, the information gathered by histidine kinases (HKs) are relayed to cognate response regulators (RRs). Thereby, the phosphoryl group of the auto-phosphorylated HK is transferred to the receiver (Rec) domain of the RR to allosterically activate its effector domain. In contrast, multi-step phosphorelays comprise at least one additional Rec (Recinter) domain that is typically part of the HK and acts as an intermediary for phosphoryl-shuttling. While RR Rec domains have been studied extensively, little is known about discriminating features of Recinter domains. Here we study the Recinter domain of the hybrid HK CckA by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Strikingly, all active site residues of the canonical Rec-fold are pre-arranged for phosphoryl-binding and BeF3- binding does not alter secondary or quaternary structure, indicating the absence of allosteric changes, the hallmark of RRs. Based on sequence-covariation and modeling, we analyze the intra-molecular DHp/Rec association in hybrid HKs.
Expectation violations enhance neuronal encoding of sensory information in mouse primary visual cortex
Authors: Tang Matthew F. , Kheradpezhouh Ehsan , Lee Conrad C. Y. , Dickinson J. Edwin , Mattingley Jason B. , Arabzadeh Ehsan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe response of cortical neurons to sensory stimuli is shaped both by past events (adaptation) and the expectation of future events (prediction). Here we employed a visual stimulus paradigm with different levels of predictability to characterise how expectation influences orientation selectivity in the primary visual cortex (V1) of male mice. We recorded neuronal activity using two-photon calcium imaging (GCaMP6f) while animals viewed sequences of grating stimuli which either varied randomly in their orientations or rotated predictably with occasional transitions to an unexpected orientation. For single neurons and the population, there was significant enhancement in the gain of orientation-selective responses to unexpected gratings. This gain-enhancement for unexpected stimuli was prominent in both awake and anaesthetised mice. We implemented a computational model to demonstrate how trial-to-trial variability in neuronal responses were best characterised when adaptation and expectation effects were combined.
Fine mapping spatiotemporal mechanisms of genetic variants underlying cardiac traits and disease
Authors: D’Antonio Matteo , Nguyen Jennifer P. , Arthur Timothy D. ,   iPSCORE Consortium, Arias Angelo D. , Arthur Timothy D. , Benaglio Paola , Berggren W. Travis , Borja Victor , Belmonte Juan Carlos Izpisua , Cook Megan , D’Antonio Matteo , DeBoever Christopher , Diffenderfer Kenneth E. , Donovan Margaret K. R. , Farnam KathyJean , Frazer Kelly A. , Fujita Kyohei , Garcia Melvin , Harismendy Olivier , Henson Benjamin A. , Jakubosky David , Jepsen Kristen , Li He , Matsui Hiroko , Nariai Naoki , Nguyen Jennifer P. , O’Connor Daniel T. , Okubo Jonathan , Panopoulos Athanasia D. , Rao Fengwen , Reyna Joaquin , Salgado Bianca , Smith Erin N. , Sohmer Josh , Yost Shawn , Young Greenwald William W. , Matsui Hiroko , D’Antonio-Chronowska Agnieszka , Frazer Kelly A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe causal variants and genes underlying thousands of cardiac GWAS signals have yet to be identified. Here, we leverage spatiotemporal information on 966 RNA-seq cardiac samples and perform an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis detecting eQTLs considering both eGenes and eIsoforms. We identify 2,578 eQTLs associated with a specific developmental stage-, tissue- and/or cell type. Colocalization between eQTL and GWAS signals of five cardiac traits identified variants with high posterior probabilities for being causal in 210 GWAS loci. Pulse pressure GWAS loci are enriched for colocalization with fetal- and smooth muscle- eQTLs; pulse rate with adult- and cardiac muscle- eQTLs; and atrial fibrillation with cardiac muscle- eQTLs. Fine mapping identifies 79 credible sets with five or fewer SNPs, of which 15 were associated with spatiotemporal eQTLs. Our study shows that many cardiac GWAS variants impact traits and disease in a developmental stage-, tissue- and/or cell type-specific fashion.
A covalent BTK ternary complex compatible with targeted protein degradation
Authors: Schiemer James , Maxwell Andrew , Horst Reto , Liu Shenping , Uccello Daniel P. , Borzilleri Kris , Rajamohan Nisha , Brown Matthew F. , Calabrese Matthew F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTargeted protein degradation using heterobifunctional chimeras holds the potential to expand target space and grow the druggable proteome. Most acutely, this provides an opportunity to target proteins that lack enzymatic activity or have otherwise proven intractable to small molecule inhibition. Limiting this potential, however, is the remaining need to develop a ligand for the target of interest. While a number of challenging proteins have been successfully targeted by covalent ligands, unless this modification affects form or function, it may lack the ability to drive a biological response. Bridging covalent ligand discovery with chimeric degrader design has emerged as a potential mechanism to advance both fields. In this work, we employ a set of biochemical and cellular tools to deconvolute the role of covalent modification in targeted protein degradation using Bruton’s tyrosine kinase. Our results reveal that covalent target modification is fundamentally compatible with the protein degrader mechanism of action.