bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicolegal Aspect Analysis of Burn Cases in Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad
Authors: Dr. Hari Ram  , Dr Jamshed ul Qadir Memon  , Dr. Amna Mangi  , Dr Mir Ghulam Ali Talpur  , Dr. Naveed Ali Qadri  , Dr Salman Ahmed Farsi Kazi  
Published: April 2023

Background: Owing to the high potential of physical injuries, disabilities and even deaths resulting from burn-related injuries, these are considered as injuries of medico-legal importance. The study aims to investigate the medico-legal aspects of selective cases of burn victims admitted to the Burn unit of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad.
Methodology: This study was conducted at the Burn unit of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. The information on burn patients was collected retrospectively from the record for the period of three years from January 2018 to December 2020 from the Burn unit. The data related to socio-demographic details, site, cause, severity and outcome of burn cases was recorded.
Results: Total 418 victims record was evaluated; the highest prevalence of cases was in the age group of 0-10 years (60.6%). Majority; 58.8% of the victims were males. In more than half (52.6%) of the victims, 20% or less body area was burnt. In 34.2% cases, 21-40% area was burnt. About 48.1% of cases were of wet scalds and 40.2% dry flame burns. About 7.6% were cases of electrocution. Male and female burn victims demonstrated statistically significant difference (p<0.05) regarding site of burn, side, source, manner and survival from burn injuries.
Conclusion: Males are more affected by burns than their counterpart while children ≤ 10 years are most commonly reported with burn injuries. Wet scald is the most common type of burn while most victims present with ≤20% burnt body area.
Key Words: Accidental injuries, Burns, Suicide
Immunohistochemical Approach to the Study of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Ishtiaq Sheeba Ishtiaq , Dr Sohail Anwar  , Dr Amna Rehman  , Dr Rajia Liaqat  , Butt Dr Kashif 
Published: April 2023

Background: Tumors that arise from neuroendocrine cells can present throughout the body, most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract and pulmonary systems. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the lungs account for about 25% of primary lung cancers, as well as 20–25% of primary NETs
Objective: To analyze the immune-histochemical aspects of Neuro-endocrine Tumors and apprise the reactivity of various immune-histochemical markers.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Pathology Department of Gulab Devi Hospital Lahore from January 2021 to December 2021. Total 112 patients with pulmonary NETs cases diagnosed with medical records patients data, clinical features and radiologic images were obtained and both genders with CT scan findings of lung mass were included in the study. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS. Gender, diagnosis, techniques etc. were presented as frequency and percentage. Age was presented as mean and SD.
Results: The mean age was 45.2+12.1 years. The age range between 20 to 60 years. There were 96(86%) male and 16(14%) female. Typical carcinoid was prevailing in young age group while small cell neuro-endocrine tumor was dominant in older patients. Most of the samples were collected using bronchial biopsy 86(77%), 18(16%) of the samples were collected by CT guided biopsy while 7(6%) were collected by ultrasound guided biopsy and 1(1%) by surgical resection. Patients were diagnosed as small cell lung carcinoma 96(86%), typical carcinoid was the second most common diagnosis 10(9%), large cell lung carcinoma was 4(3.0%) and atypical carcinoid tumor was seen in 2(2%) in cases.
Conclusion: SCLC was found to be the predominant pulmonary NET. Chromogranin is less sensitive than synaptophysin, raised Ki67 and TTF1 demarcates SCLC from carcinoid particularly in minute biopsy with obscure morphology.
Key words Immunohistochemistry, Neuroendocrine carcinoma, Small cell lung carcinoma.
Discriminating Temperature, Strain, and Bending Effects in Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry- Perot Interferometer Sensors Using Traditional Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Shojaei Khatouni Sohrab , Zakowski Sven , Hosseini Vedad Reza , Askar Akram , Masjedi Mustafa , Trieu Hoc Khiem 
Published: April 2023

<p>In this study, for the simultaneous measurement of axial forces, temperature, and bending curvature, we analyzed Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry- Perot Interferometer (FBGFPI) sensors embedded in 170 μm thin optical fibers, which are suitable for medical applications such as implant strain measurements, catheter ablation, endovascular guidewires, and temperature sensing during thermal therapies. The evaluation of the sensor signals was conducted using both traditional machine learning methods and conventional methods. Multiple datasets were generated for the training of the models, each containing labeled sensor signals with a predefined parameter range of pressure, bending, and temperature. Our findings indicate that we were able to simultaneously detect axial tip pressure with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.053 bar (R2 = 0.99), local temperature with an RMSE of 0.026 °C (R2 = 1.00), and bending with an RMSE of 0.0019 1/cm (R2 = 1.00). We found that machine learning consistently outperformed conventional approaches. Moreover, for simultaneous measurement of bending, temperature, and pressure, small (< 5mm) Fiber Bragg Gratings without additional mechanical or structural augmentation were sufficient, paving the way for innovative biomedical devices incorporating fiber optic sensing technology. </p>
Prácticas incorrectas de las tecnologías y los niveles de dislexia
Authors: Calderón Álvarez Carolina Stefanie 
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo, establecer si existe una relación directa entre el incorrecto uso de las tecnologías y los niveles de dislexia en educación primaria, las cuales se detectaron en tres instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Guayaquil- Ecuador, con una muestra poblacional, divididos en dos subgrupos: 160 estudiantes y 30 docentes de cuarto grado de educación primaria y el otro grupo conformado por 180 estudiantes y 40 docentes de bachillerato, dando un total de 410 involucrados. El diseño de la investigación, fue de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo, mientras que el método para la investigación, fue de tipo descriptivo y fenomenológico. Al ser cuantitativo, se pudo determinar el nivel de dislexia, el tiempo que emplean los estudiantes, para usar la tecnología como una herramienta educativa o de entretenimiento. Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada, dirigida a docentes y estudiantes de bachillerato, y test de observación directa para los estudiantes de cuarto grado. Se pudo determinar que el uso de las tecnologías, si no son enfocadas adecuadamente, pueden llegar a formar una serie de dificultades relacionadas al proceso lingüístico y fonológico, generalmente por la incorrecta pronunciación y reconocimiento silábico.
Uso de Herramientas Tic para fortalecer el aprendizaje en grado Preescolar en la Zona Rural de Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Sandoval Vargas Yeni Consuelo 
Published: April 2023

En las instituciones educativas rurales existen marcadas diferencias de infraestructura, conectividad, dotación y calidad de los equipos, frente a colegios del sector urbano, Situación que pone en desventaja a los niños y niñas de esta población, para quienes la utilización de las herramientas TIC se vuelve una carencia manifiesta.
El proyecto, una propuesta para aprovechar el uso de las TIC, como herramienta didáctica y pedagógica, contribuye a potenciar el desarrollo de diferentes habilidades y competencias cognitivas y psicomotrices en niños de grado preescolar, de una Institución Educativa del sector rural. La autora propone el uso del Software libre, ya que no demanda un alto costo económico, puede adaptarse a los equipos existentes en la IE -Computadores y tabletas-; se ajustan a los contenidos temáticos y a los aprendizajes propuestos para este grado; se pueden instalar de manera local, sin necesidad de Internet - es una limitante en el sector rural-; y ofrecen gran variedad de actividades, juegos y pasatiempos que ayudan a potenciar el desarrollo de habilidades y competencias específicas, teniendo en cuenta sus características didácticas y de interacción. El estudio se desarrolló en el año 2020, con una metodología Investigación Acción, donde, para recolección de la información, se utilizaron diferentes instrumentos como: la observación participante directa e indirecta, la aplicación de entrevistas, el grupo focal, las encuestas, registros fotográficos y videos.
Compact Binary Merger Rate in Dark-matter Spikes
Authors: Fakhry Saeed , Salehnia Zahra , Shirmohammadi Azin , Yengejeh Mina Ghodsi , Firouzjaee Javad T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Today, the existence of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the center of galactic halos is almost confirmed. An extremely dense region referred to as dark-matter spike is expected to form around central SMBHs as they grow and evolve adiabatically. In this work, we calculate the merger rate of compact binaries in dark-matter spikes while considering halo models with spherical and ellipsoidal collapses. Our findings exhibit that ellipsoidal-collapse dark-matter halo models can potentially yield the enhancement of the merger rate of compact binaries. Finally, our results confirm that the merger rate of primordial black hole binaries is consistent with the results estimated by the LIGO-Virgo detectors, while such results cannot be realized for binary neutron stars and primordial black hole-neutron star binaries.
Scaling Anisotropy with Stationary Background Field in Near-Sun Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Wu Honghong , He Jiansen , Huang Shiyong , Yang Liping , Wang Xin , Yuan Zhigang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The scaling of magnetic fluctuations provides crucial information for the understanding of solar wind turbulence. However, the observed magnetic fluctuations contain not only turbulence but also magnetic structures, leading to the violation of time stationarity. This violation would conceal the true scaling and influence the determination of the sampling angle with respect to the local background magnetic field. Here, to investigate scaling anisotropy, we utilize a simple but effective criterion ϕ < 10° to ensure the time stationarity of the magnetic field, where ϕ is the angle between the two averaged magnetic fields after cutting the interval into two halves. We study the scaling anisotropy using higher-order statistics of structure functions under the condition of stationarity for near-Sun solar wind turbulence for the first time based on measurements obtained from the Parker Solar Probe at 0.17 au. We find that the scaling indices ξ of the magnetic field show a linear dependence on the order p close to ξ(p) = p/4. The multifractal scaling of the magnetic-trace structure functions becomes monoscaling close to ξ(p) = p/3 with the local magnetic field perpendicular to the sampling direction and close to ξ(p) = p/4 with the local magnetic field parallel to the sampling direction when measured with the stationary background magnetic field. The scaling of the velocity-trace structure functions has similar but less significant changes. The near-Sun solar wind turbulence displays different scaling anisotropies from the near-Earth solar wind turbulence, suggesting the evolution of the nonlinear interaction process during solar wind expansion.
L’écriture réticente, condition de possibilité de la philosophie
Authors: Ciccarelli Pierpaolo , Juhel Pierre O. 
Published: April 2023

Dans cet article, je discute quatre contributions récentes sur Leo Strauss écrites par des chercheurs italiens : celles de M. Farnesi Camellone (1), de M. Menon (2), d’A. Ghibellini et la mienne (3). Il s’agit ici de clarifier les raisons pour lesquelles, dans plusieurs études italiennes des deux dernières décennies, Strauss a été étudié davantage comme philosophe que comme penseur politique au sens strict. La principale réside à mon avis dans la relation que Strauss lui-même a établie entre le « problème de la possibilité de la philosophie », relatif à la séparation de l’épistémé d’avec la doxa , et la nécessité de « l’écriture réticente ». L’écriture réticente est un outil méthodologique permettant de contrôler le conflit généré par la question philosophique de la justice, un conflit aux conséquences potentiellement exorbitantes pour la philosophie en tant que mode de vie.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Internet Addiction Disorder and Its Association with Sleep Quality in Young Adults
Authors: Andhi Nikhilesh , Syed Aamer Nawaz , Saffura Ayesha 
Published: April 2023

Background:
India is estimated to have 650 million Internet users in the country by 2023, with such explosive numbers internet addiction is emerging to be a major concern within the nation, particularly among youngsters. Aim:To study internet addiction disorder and its association with sleep quality in young adults.

Methods And Materials:
A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling a total of 310 participants. Internet addiction and sleep quality were assessed in these participants using Young's Internet Addiction Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively.

Result:
Out of 310 participants, a total of 140 (45.1%) study participants were found to have an Internet addiction. Consequently,268 (87%) participants showed poor sleep quality. A further outcome of the study implicated Internet addiction influenced job performance (60%), individual's productivity (70.9%), and symptoms such as difficulty in breathing, long pauses between breaths, loud snoring, legs twitching, or jerking, and episodes of disorientation or confusion while asleep.

Conclusion:
The study results suggest a significant association between sleep quality and Internet addiction and that poor sleep quality is mediated by internet addiction and potentially keeping individuals at risk of developing obstructive sleep apnoea, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder, depression, anxiety, etc., which upon worsening might lead to the wide variety of cardiovascular diseases, neurological, and psychiatric disorders.
How Coronavirus Disease 2019 is Affecting the Mental Health of Postpartum Women
Authors: Ramdurg Santosh Iranna , Mudanur Subhashchandra R , Bentoor Sanjeevkumar , Yaliwal Rajashri , Kori Shreedevi , Varma Lata 
Published: April 2023

Aims:
We aimed to study the prevalence of mental health problems in postpartum women during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to evaluate various parameters affecting it.

Methods:
Data were collected from May 15, 2020, to October 15, 2020, and during this period, 311 postpartum women were enrolled in the study. Sociodemographic data and obstetric-related information and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 were administered. Data were analyzed for the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among postpartum women and various factors that affect mental health.

Results:
Postpartum women showed a higher prevalence of depression (38%), anxiety (42%), and stress (21%). It was more in rural background women, single mother, having 4–5 children, and from higher socioeconomic (lower socioeconomic status) background.

Conclusion:
This study assessed the prevalence of mental health problems in postpartum women and highlighted the high prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and stress among this population.
Mental Health of Medical Students during Corona Virus Disease-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maheshwari Madhurima , Awasthi Ankit , Tilwani Khemlata , Jangid Priya 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Human population is afflicted with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic for last more than 1 year. Various measures were taken and restrictions were imposed by countries to break the chain of infection and to control this pandemic. Medical education has conventionally been considered challenging. Adding to it; hassles in teaching and fears and uncertainty about COVID-19 adversely affected the mental health of medical students during this pandemic.

Aim:
The present study aimed to investigate the mental health of undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional online survey was carried out on medical undergraduate students of Western Rajasthan using Google Form. Informed consent (online) was taken before enrolment for study.

Materials and Methods:
The students were sent the link to respond to the Google Form, which comprised questions seeking demographic details and items from depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21).

Statistical Analysis Used:
Frequencies and mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress components of the DASS-21 scale were computed for the severity of scale according to the guidelines. The sociodemographic reasons predisposing the students to depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using the Chi-square test. Statistical significance was set a
priori at P < 0.05.

Results:
About 32.3% of the participants reported moderate-to-extremely severe depression, 41.5% reported moderate-to-extremely severe anxiety; while 11.6% reported moderate-to-extremely severe stress. Participants in the higher age group, younger batch, and urban residents were more likely to have depression. On the other hand, participants in higher age groups and females were more likely to have anxiety. Stress was found statistically higher in females and younger batch students.

Conclusion:
Students are facing challenging times and need to adapt to newer ways of distance education. Efficient time management, e-learning skills, following COVID norms, and getting vaccinated timely are the need of the hour for medical students. They should be provided regular psychological counseling and guidance to deal with stressful situations to prevent any untoward incidences.
Gaming Disorder among College Students and Correlation of Gaming with Self-esteem, Perceived Stress, and Sleep Quality
Authors: Bansal Himanshi , Kranti S. Kadam 
Published: April 2023

Context:
The trend of participating in online games which used to be quite prevalent in children and adolescents is now being seen commonly in college students. Heavy usage of these online games leads to various dysfunctional symptoms and socio-occupational impairment.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of Gaming Disorder in college students and its correlation with self-esteem, perceived stress, and sleep quality.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was performed on 347 college students; in age range of 18–25 years. After obtaining Ethics Committee Approval, the selected participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire. The students having positive online gaming behavior were further evaluated for gaming disorder, self-esteem, perceived stress, and sleep quality.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive statistics were used to find the prevalence and correlations were done using Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results:
The prevalence of online Gaming disorder was found to be 4.6% among the college students. An average of 2 h was spent on gaming per day with a positive, significant correlation with internet gaming disorder (IGD) score (r = 0.28, P = 0.00). Self-esteem was found to be weakly negatively correlated (r = −0.15, P = 0.02), perceived stress to be highly positively correlated (R = 0.87, P = 0.01), and poor sleep quality to be highly positively correlated (r = 0.92, P = 0.01) with IGD scale score.

Conclusions:
Online gaming behavior was found to be related to lower self-esteem and higher perceived stress and affecting sleep quality. Hence, we need to formulate preventive and treatment measures keeping these areas in mind.
Levels of Nicotine Dependency and Its Association with Challenges to Quit Smoking among Adult Smokers in Malaysia 2021
Authors: Kyaw Thin Mon , Ismail Zaliha , Selamat Mohamad Ikhsan , A/L Arivanandan Prem Kumar , Kyaw Ye Wint , Morgan Logithasan Murale , Latchumana Keiswini , Arasu Kirtanashree 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The nicotine dependency is related to many factors in terms of sociodemographic and smoking practices.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to assess the levels of nicotine dependency among adult smokers in Malaysia and to identify the association of nicotine dependency with sociodemographic factors and with challenges to quit smoking, respectively, among adult smokers in Malaysia.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted through an electronic survey including all adult smokers in Malaysia. Standard questionnaires such as 21-item Challenges to Stopping Smoking questionnaires to assess the challenges to quit smoking and the Fagerstrom test were used to assess the nicotine dependency. The validated electronic online questionnaires were distributed, which comprised sociodemographic characteristics, assessment on smoking status, challenges to quit smoking, and nicotine-dependence test. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify the association of nicotine dependency with the challenges to quit smoking, respectively, among adult smokers in Malaysia.

Results:
Regarding the levels of nicotine dependence among current smokers based on Fagerstrom Nicotine-Dependence Score (n = 830), a total of 345 (41.6%) respondents had low-to-moderate nicotine dependence, followed by 312 (37.6%) who had moderate nicotine dependence; 158 (19%) respondents had low nicotine dependence, and 15 respondents (1.8%) were found to have high nicotine dependence.

Conclusion:
Smoking cessation services should be designed and implemented with the degree of nicotine dependence and pattern usage in mind. There should be more public health education about the dangers of smoking as well as more focus on motivation among smokers and their families.
Attention, Memory, and Executive Functioning in Hypoxemic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients
Authors: Samajdar Shinjini , Halder Susmita , Mahato Akash K 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow obstruction and is one of the leading causes of death globally. The changes in pulmonary functions in COPD are irreversible with devastating consequences. Cognitive functioning in COPD patients is often found impaired and postulated to happen due to hypoxemia, i.e., oxygen deprivation to the brain. An impaired cognitive functioning can have direct impact on functional abilities as well as quality of life of patients and could be a vital treatment goal. The study aimed to explore the attention, memory, and executive functioning in hypoxemic COPD patients in backdrop of dearth of studies from India.

Materials and Methods:
Using purposive sampling, 30 patients with COPD, having mild-to-moderate level of illness severity, and having minimum illness for duration of 5 years were compared with 30 healthy controls. Participants were assessed for cognitive functioning in the domains of sustained attention, processing and psychomotor speed, working memory, verbal learning, and memory and executive functions using neuropsychological tests, namely, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Trial Making Test, Verbal N Back Test, Rey's Audio Visual Learning Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Animal Naming Test, Stroop Neuropsychological Test, and Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.

Results:
Findings suggest significant differences between COPD patients and healthy controls over processing and psychomotor speed, working memory, memory, learning, and executive functioning.

Conclusion:
In addition to pulmonary distress, COPD patients also have compromised cognitive functions affecting overall daily functioning and quality of life. Understanding the nature of decline in cognitive functions could be vital in improving daily psychosocial functioning of the patients with COPD, and the exploration could help professionals in intervention of specific cognitive functioning.