bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of stigmatizing views towards COVID-19 and mental disorders among adolescent and young adult students in China
Authors: Zhang Tian-Ming , Zhang Xin-Feng , Meng Xian-Dong , Huang Yi , Zhang Wei , Gong Hui-Hui , Chan Sherry Kit Wa , Chen Xiao-Chuan , Gao Ru , Lewis-Fernández Roberto , Fan Yuan-Yuan , Liu Chang-Cheng , Huang Lu , Deng Xiao-Peng , Liu Bo , Ran Mao-Sheng 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveInfectious diseases including COVID-19 and mental disorders are two of the most common health conditions associated with stigma. However, the comparative stigma of these two conditions has received less attention in research. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of stigmatizing views toward people with COVID-19 and mental disorders and the factors associated with these views, among a large sample of adolescent and young adult students in China.MethodsA total of 9,749 adolescents and young adults aged 15–24 years completed a survey on stigmatizing attitudes toward COVID-19 and mental disorders, as well as mental health-related factors, including general mental health status and symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with stigmatizing views.FindingsThe prevalence of COVID-19 and mental disorders-related stigma was 17.2% and 40.7%, respectively. COVID-19-related stigma scores were significantly higher among male students (β = 0.025, p &lt; 0.05), those without quarantine experience (β = 0.035, p &lt; 0.001), those with lower educational level (p &lt; 0.001), those with lower family income (p &lt; 0.01), and those with higher PTSD symptoms (β = 0.045, p &lt; 0.05). Mental disorder-related stigma scores were significantly higher among individuals with average and lower-than-average levels of family income (p &lt; 0.01), depression symptoms (β = 0.056, p &lt; 0.001), anxiety symptoms (β = 0.051, p &lt; 0.001), and mental health problems (β = 0.027, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe stigma of mental disorders is higher in the youth population than the stigma of COVID-19. Factors associated with stigmatizing attitudes toward people with COVID-19 and mental disorders varied across the youth. Stigma-reduction interventions among the youth should be targeted specifically to COVID-19 or mental disorders conditions.
Caregiver support and burden drive intention to engage in a peer-to-peer exchange of services among caregivers of dementia patients
Authors: Aksin O. Zeynep , Bilgic Basar , Guner Perihan , Gunes Evrim D. , Kuscu Kemal , Ormeci E. Lerzan , Sayin Serpil , Eser Hale Yapici 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe number of people diagnosed with dementia is increasing, creating significant economic burden globally. With the progression of the disease, patients need a caregiver whose wellbeing is important for continuous care. Providing respite as a service, through sharing the responsibility of caregiving or support for the caregiver, is a costly initiative. A peer-to-peer online support platform for dementia caregivers, motivated by the sharing economy, putting exchange of knowhow, resources, and services at its center, has the potential to balance cost concerns with a search for respite. The aim of this research is to assess caregivers’ intention to engage in peer-to-peer exchange.MethodsA survey including sociodemographic, technology use, and caregiving variables, structured questionnaires (Zarit caregiver burden, WHO brief quality of life scale, ADCS-ADL and chronic stress scale) were administered, January 2018–May 2019, in the dementia outpatient clinic of a university hospital, to a convenience sample of n = 203 individuals identifying themselves as primary caregivers. A path analysis exploring the drivers of an intention to engage in peer-to-peer service exchange was conducted.ResultsIn the path model, caregivers experiencing higher caregiver burden showed higher intention to engage (0.079, p &lt; 0.001). Disease stage had no effect while patient activities of daily living, chronic social role related stressors of the caregiver and general quality of life were significant for the effect on the caregiver burden. Existing household support decreased the caregiver burden, affecting the intention to engage. Caregivers who can share more know-how demonstrate a higher intention to engage (0.579, p = 0.021). Caregiver technology affinity (0.458, p = 0.004) and ability and openness to seek professional help for psychological diagnoses (1.595, p = 0.012) also increased intention to engage.ConclusionThe model shows caregiver burden to be a major driver, along with caregiver characteristics that reflect their technology affinity and openness to the idea of general reciprocity. Existing support for obtaining knowhow and exchanging empathy have a direct effect on the intention to engage. Given the scarcity of caregiver support in the formal care channels, the identified potential of enlarging informal support via a peer-to-peer exchange mechanism holds promise.
Perceptions, health seeking behavior and utilization of maternal and newborn health services among an indigenous tribal community in Northeast India—a community-based mixed methods study
Authors: Cáceres Ángela León , Ramesh Rohan Michael , Newmai Puisaumaliu , Kikon Rhondemo , Deckert Andreas 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundEvidence suggests that healthcare utilization among tribal communities in isolated regions can be influenced by social determinants of health, particularly cultural and geographical factors. The true mortality and morbidity due to these factors in remote tribal communities are often underestimated due to facility-dependent reporting systems often difficult to access. We studied the utilization of health services for maternal and newborn care and explored how cultural beliefs, perceptions, and practices influence the health-seeking behavior (HSB) of an indigenous tribal community in Northeast India.MethodsWithin a concurrent triangulation design, the combined results from 7 focus group discussions and 19 in-depth interviews, and the 109 interviews of mothers from a community-based survey were interpreted in a complementary manner. The qualitative data were analyzed using a conceptual framework adapted from the socio-ecological and three-delays model, using a priori thematic coding. Multivariable logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with home delivery.ResultsOnly 3.7% of the interviewed mothers received the four recommended antenatal check-ups in health centers, and 40.1% delivered at home. Mothers residing in the villages without a health center or one that was not operational were more likely to deliver at home. HSB was influenced significantly by available finances, the mother’s education, low self-esteem, and a strong belief in traditional medicine favored by its availability and religious affiliation. The community sought health services in facilities only in emergency situations, determined primarily by the tribe’s poor perception of the quality of health services provided in the irregularly open centers, locally available traditional medicine practitioners, and challenges in geographical access. National schemes intended to incentivize access to facilities failed to impact this community due to flawed program implementation that did not consider this region’s cultural, social, and geographical differences.ConclusionThe health-seeking behavior of the tribe is a complex, interrelated, and interdependent process framed in a medical pluralistic context. The utilization of health centers and HSBs of indigenous communities may improve when policymakers adopt a “bottom-up approach,” addressing structural barriers, tailoring programs to be culturally appropriate, and guaranteeing that the perceived needs of indigenous communities are met before national objectives.
Social integration, physical and mental health and subjective well-being in the floating population—a moderated mediation analysis
Authors: Fei Chengcheng , Zhu Yiying , Jiang Longyuan , Zhou Haixia , Yu Haiyan 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIndividuals of domestic migrant populations in China (specifically, migration that is economically driven) often face difficulties in social integration. They are suffering from discrimination and unfair treatment in work and life, which do harm to their physical/mental health and Subjective Well-Being (SWB).MethodsThe current study utilized a stratified sampling survey in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, in October and November 2022. Six hundred and eleven useful self-reported questionnaires were collected. Questionnaires include questions about social integration, social capital, physical/mental health, and SWB; Bootstrapping method was used to test the mediating effect of physical health and mental health. Multiple hierarchical regression was used to test the moderating effect of social capital.ResultsSocial integration had positive impact on the SWB (r = 0.523, p &lt; 0.01). Bootstrap analysis showed that physical health and mental health partially mediated the correlation between social integration and SWB of Floating Population with a mediation effect of 0.149 and 0.192. Social capital can positively moderate the relationship between two pair of variables: social integration and SWB (β = 0.152, t = 4.42, p &lt; 0.001), physical health and SWB (β = 0.148, t = 4.39, p &lt; 0.01). However, social capital does not play a significant moderating role in the association between the effect of mental health on SWB (β = 0.032, t = 0.973, p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study proved a significant correlation between social integration and SWB of Floating Population, with physical/mental health playing a mediating role. Enhancing the social integration of floating population and keeping healthy physically and mentally are key to improving their SWB.
Legislative and judicial responses to public health protection under eco-environmental damage relief in China
Authors: Li Huaqi , Liu Bei 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe group-type health damage caused by eco-environmental damage has been stated in the Environmental Protection Law and other laws in China. The first-ever Chinese Civil Code, which took effect in 2021, has explicitly defined eco-environmental damage relief and imposed affirmative duties on those who polluted the environment or destroyed the ecology. This study aims to describe the status quo of public health protection in eco-environmental damage relief and explore its progress and limits in protecting public health.MethodsBy reviewing China’s legislation on relief of eco-environmental damage and observing the implementation of these laws in judicial practice. All judicial cases of eco-environmental damage published by Chinese courts from January 2021 to May 2023 were selected and examined. From the perspective of the comparison of laws, the measurement of interests and the execution of cases, we discussed the issues of China’s legislative and judicial responses to public health.ResultsThe relief system of eco-environmental damage in China has been formed initially, but there are still some deficiencies: In the application of law for relief of public health, there are many choices of means, resulting in the choice conflict of law application; the public health damage in the eco-environmental damage case has been ignored by courts, and it has not been a dominant consideration element; the objects of the execution of the cases are directed to the pure eco-environmental restoration, and the restoration plan does not cover public health protection measures, which does not have a preventive effect on public health. The root cause of problems is that the relief of eco-environmental damage in China follows the logic of traditional private law.ConclusionThe issues mentioned above merit consideration in China’s future law revisions and judicial practice. Based on the dual nature of public and private law in environmental health, it is necessary to adjust the provisions of responsibility for eco-environmental restoration from the framework of public law, including the scope and mechanism, and then further suggestion includes the legal subject, the benefit element and the use of funds.
Operationalizing racialized exposures in historical research on anti-Asian racism and health: a comparison of two methods
Authors: Kaniecki Marie , Novak Nicole Louise , Gao Sarah , Harlow Sioban , Stern Alexandra Minna 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAddressing contemporary anti-Asian racism and its impacts on health requires understanding its historical roots, including discriminatory restrictions on immigration, citizenship, and land ownership. Archival secondary data such as historical census records provide opportunities to quantitatively analyze structural dynamics that affect the health of Asian immigrants and Asian Americans. Census data overcome weaknesses of other data sources, such as small sample size and aggregation of Asian subgroups. This article explores the strengths and limitations of early twentieth-century census data for understanding Asian Americans and structural racism.MethodsWe used California census data from three decennial census spanning 1920–1940 to compare two criteria for identifying Asian Americans: census racial categories and Asian surname lists (Chinese, Indian, Japanese, Korean, and Filipino) that have been validated in contemporary population data. This paper examines the sensitivity and specificity of surname classification compared to census-designated “color or race” at the population level.ResultsSurname criteria were found to be highly specific, with each of the five surname lists having a specificity of over 99% for all three census years. The Chinese surname list had the highest sensitivity (ranging from 0.60–0.67 across census years), followed by the Indian (0.54–0.61) and Japanese (0.51–0.62) surname lists. Sensitivity was much lower for Korean (0.40–0.45) and Filipino (0.10–0.21) surnames. With the exception of Indian surnames, the sensitivity values of surname criteria were lower for the 1920–1940 census data than those reported for the 1990 census. The extent of the difference in sensitivity and trends across census years vary by subgroup.DiscussionSurname criteria may have lower sensitivity in detecting Asian subgroups in historical data as opposed to contemporary data as enumeration procedures for Asians have changed across time. We examine how the conflation of race, ethnicity, and nationality in the census could contribute to low sensitivity of surname classification compared to census-designated “color or race.” These results can guide decisions when operationalizing race in the context of specific research questions, thus promoting historical quantitative study of Asian American experiences. Furthermore, these results stress the need to situate measures of race and racism in their specific historical context.
Maine organic dairy producers’ receptiveness to seaweed supplementation and effect of Chondrus crispus on enteric methane emissions in lactating cows
Authors: Reyes Diana C. , Meredith Jennifer , Puro Leah , Berry Katherine , Kersbergen Richard , Soder Kathy J. , Quigley Charlotte , Donihue Michael , Cox Dorn , Price Nichole N. , Brito Andre F. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThere is a growing interest in utilizing seaweed in ruminant diets for mitigating enteric methane (CH4) emissions while improving animal health. Chondrus crispus is a red seaweed that grows in the Gulf of Maine (United States) and has shown to suppress CH4 production in vitro. Organic dairy producers in Maine are currently feeding seaweed due to herd health promoting benefits. However, large-scale adoption depends on technical and financial factors, as well as validation from pilot studies.MethodsA survey was developed to identify barriers and drivers towards the adoption of CH4-reducing algal-based feeds. Concurrently, a randomized complete block design study was conducted to investigate the effect of C. crispus on enteric CH4 emissions and milk production in a typical Maine organic dairy farm. Twenty-two organically certified Holstein and Jersey cows averaging 29 ± 6.8 kg of milk/d and 150 ± 69 days in milk, were blocked and randomly assigned to a control diet without C. crispus (0CC), or with 6% [dry matter (DM) basis] C. crispus (6CC). Samples were collected on the last week of the 2-wk covariate period, and wk 3, 5, 8, and 10 after initiation of treatments for a total of 12 weeks. Gaseous emissions were measured using a GreenFeed unit. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with repeated measures over time.ResultsAll survey respondents (n = 35; 54% response rate) were familiar with seaweeds as feed, and 34% were already users. Producers who were willing to pay 0.64 USD/cow/d on average for a CH4-reducing algal-based feed, also stated the need for co-benefits in terms of cattle health and performance as a requirement for adoption. Feeding 6CC decreased enteric CH4 production by 13.9% compared with 0CC (401 vs. 466 g/d). Further, milk yield (mean = 27.1 kg/d), CH4 intensity (mean = 15.2 g of CH4/kg of energy corrected milk), and concentrations and yields of milk fat and true protein were not affected by treatments.DiscussionProducer receptiveness to CH4-reducing algal-based feeds will not only be dependent on purchase price, but also on co-benefits and simplicity of integration into existing feed practices. Feeding C. crispus at 6% of the diet DM decreased CH4 production in dairy cows by 13.9% without negative effects on milk yield and composition. Identifying the bioactive compounds in C. crispus is critical to understand the effect of this red seaweed on mitigating enteric CH4 emissions in dairy cows.
Pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen after a single Oral administration of 20 or 40 mg/kg to 7–9 Day-old foals
Authors: Gold Jenifer R. , Grubb Tamara , Court Michael H. , Villarino Nicolas F. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAcetaminophen is utilized in human infants for pain management and fever. Neonatal foals might benefit from administration of acetaminophen but effective and safe dosage regimens for neonatal foals remains to be determined.ObjectiveThe objective was to determine the plasma pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen following oral administration of a single dose of 20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg to neonatal foals. A secondary objective was to evaluate any changes in hematology and biochemistry profiles.Study designRandomized study.MethodsEight clinically healthy 7–9-day old Quarter Horse foals (3 colts and 5 fillies) received a single oral dose of acetaminophen either 20 (n = 4) or 40 (n = 4) mg/kg. Hematology and biochemistry profiles were evaluated before and 7 days after drug administration. Blood samples were collected before and 8 times after acetaminophen administration for 48 h to quantify plasma acetaminophen concentrations. Plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non- compartmental analysis.ResultsThe median peak plasma concentrations (and range) occurred at 1.5 (0.5–2) hours, and 1.0 (1–2) hours for the 20 and 40 mg/kg doses. The maximum plasma concentration (and range) was 12 (7.9–17.4) μg/mL for the 20 mg/kg dose and 14 (11–18) μg/mL for 40 mg/kg dose. The median AUC0-∞ ranged from 46 to 100 and 79 to 160 h*-μg/mL for the 20 and 40 mg/kg dose, respectively. Hematology and biochemistry profiles remained within normal limits.ConclusionPlasma disposition of acetaminophen after oral administration of 20 and 40 mg/kg to neonates is comparable to adult horses. However, safety and the optimal dosage regimen of acetaminophen for treating pain and or pyrexia in neonates in this age group remains to be determined.
Electrochemical Analysis of MnO2 (α, β, and γ)-Based Electrode for High-Performance Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Devi Raman , Kumar Vinay , Kumar Sunil , Bulla Mamta , Sharma Shruti , Sharma Ashutosh 
Published: July 2023

MnO2 is the most favorable material in power storage due to its technological significance and potential applications in pseudocapacitance (due to various oxidative states allowing efficient charge transfer to meet energy demands), where its properties are considerably influenced by its structure and surface morphology. In the present study, a facile hydrothermal route was used to produce different phases of MnO2 (α, β, and γ) with different morphologies. The electrochemical performance of the synthesized phases was studied in aqueous sodium sulfate as an electrolyte. X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized material. The surface morphology and topography were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The direct band gap of α-, β-, and γ-MnO2 was found to be 1.86 eV, 1.08 eV, and 1.68 eV, lying in the semiconducting range, further enhancing the electrochemical performance. It was found that α-MnO2 had a maximum specific capacitance of 138 F/g at 1 A/g, and the symmetric device fabricated using α-MnO2 had a specific capacitance of 86 F/g at 1 A/g.
Investigation on Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antifungal and Herbicidal Activities of Volatile Constituents from Deverra tortuosa (Desf.)
Authors: Khammassi Marwa , Polito Flavio , Kochti Oumayma , Kouki Habiba , Souihi Mouna , Khedhri Sana , Hamrouni Lamia , Mabrouk Yassine , Amri Ismail , De Feo Vincenzo 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) obtained from stems and umbels of D. tortuosa as well the assessment of their biological activity. EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The antioxidant properties were determined by DPPH and ABTS assays. The phytotoxic potential was assessed against dicots weeds (Sinapis arvensis and Trifolium campestre), monocots weeds (Lolium rigidum) and the crop Lepidium sativum. The antifungal activity was evaluated against four target phytopathogenic fungal strains. High diversity of compounds was detected in D. tortuosa Eos, varying among plant parts and consisting mainly of α-pinene (24.47–28.56%), sabinene (16.2–18.6%), α-phellandrene (6.3–11.7%) and cis-ocimene (5.28–7.85%). D. tortuosa EOs exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity, as well as interesting variable antifungal activities depending on the dose and fungi strain. The herbicidal activity of EOs showed significant efficacy on the inhibition of germination and seedling growth of all tested herbs. These results suggest that the EOs of Deverra tortuosa represent a valuable source of antioxidant, antifungal and phytotoxic metabolites and could be potential candidates for pest management, contributing to the promotion of sustainable agriculture.