bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Densification Induced Decoupling of Electrical and Thermal Properties in Free‐Standing MWCNT Films for Ultrahigh p‐ and n‐Type Power Factors and Enhanced ZT
Authors: Li Kuncai , Sun Xu , Wang Yizhuo , Wang Jing , Dai Xu , Yao Yanqiu , Chen Bin , Chong Daotong , Yan Junjie , Wang Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGenerating sufficient power from waste heat is one of the most important things for thermoelectric (TE) techniques in numerous practical applications. The output power density of an organic thermoelectric generator (OTEG) is proportional to the power factors (PFs) and the electrical conductivities of organic materials. However, it is still challenging to have high PFs over 1 mW m−1 K−2 in free‐standing films together with high electrical conductivities over 1000 S cm−1. Herein, densifying multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) films would increase their electrical conductivity dramatically up to over 10 000 S cm−1 with maintained high Seebeck coefficients >60 µV K−1, thus leading to ultrahigh PFs of 7.25 and 4.34 mW m−1 K−2 for p‐ and n‐type MWCNT films, respectively. In addition, it is interesting to notice that the electrical properties increase faster than the thermal conductivities, resulting in enhanced ZT of 3.6 times in MWCNT films. An OTEG made of compressed MWCNT films is fabricated to demonstrate the heat‐to‐electricity conversion ability, which exhibits a high areal output power of ∼12 times higher than that made of pristine MWCNT films. This work demonstrates an effective way to high‐performance nanowire/nanoparticle‐based TE materials such as printable TE materials comprised of nanowires/nanoparticles.
Role of Charge‐Carrier Dynamics Toward the Fabrication of Efficient Air‐Processed Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Rasool Shafket , Yeop Jiwoo , An Na Gyeong , Kim Jae Won , Kim Jin Young 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the past couple of decades, immense research has been carried out to understand the photo‐physics of an organic solar cell (OSC) that is important to enhance its efficiency and stability. Since OSCs undergoes complex photophysical phenomenon, studying these factors has led to designing new materials and implementing new strategies to improve efficiency in OSCs. In this regard, the invention of the non‐fullerene acceptorshas greatly revolutionized the understanding of the fundamental processes occurring in OSCs. However, such vital fundamental research from device physics perspectives is carried out on glovebox (GB) processed OSCs and there is a scarcity of research on air‐processed (AP) OSCs. This review will focus on charge carrier dynamics such as exciton diffusion, exciton dissociation, charge‐transfer states, significance of highest occupied molecular orbital‐offsets, and hole‐transfer efficiencies of GB‐OSCs and compare them with the available data from the AP‐OSCs. Finally, key requirements for the fabrication of efficient AP‐OSCs will be presented from a charge‐carrier dynamics perspective. The key aspects from the charge‐carrier dynamics view to fabricate efficient OSCs either from GB or air are provided.
Defect‐Engineering by Solvent Mediated Mild Oxidation as a Tool to Induce Exchange Bias in Metal Doped Ferrites
Authors: Muzzi Beatrice , Albino Martin , Petrecca Michele , Innocenti Claudia , de Julián Fernández César , Bertoni Giovanni , Ibarra M. Ricardo , Christensen Mogens , Avdeev Maxim , Marquina Clara , Sangregorio Claudio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe crystal site occupancy of different divalent ions and the induction of lattice defects represent an additional tool for modifying the intrinsic magnetic properties of spinel ferrites nanoparticles. Here, the relevance of the lattice defects is demonstrated in the appearance of exchange‐bias and in the improvement of the magnetic properties of doped ferrites of 20 nm, obtained from the mild oxidation of core@shell (wüstite@ferrite) nanoparticles. Three types of nanoparticles (Fe0.95O@Fe3O4, Co0.3Fe0.7O@Co0.8Fe2.2O4 and Ni0.17Co0.21Fe0.62O@Ni0.4Co0.3Fe2.3O4) are oxidized. As a result, the core@shell morphology is removed and transformed in a spinel‐like nanoparticle, through a topotactic transformation. This study shows that most of the induced defects in these nanoparticles and their magnetic properties are driven by the inability of the Co(II) ions at the octahedral sites to migrate to tetrahedral sites, at the chosen mild oxidation temperature. In addition, the appearance of crystal defects and antiphase boundaries improves the magnetic properties of the starting compounds and leads to the appearance of exchange bias at room temperature. These results highlight the validity of the proposed method to impose novel magnetic characteristics in the technologically relevant class of nanomaterials such as spinel ferrites, expanding their potential exploitation in several application fields.
The fine‐scale movement pattern of Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) responds to winter habitat permeability
Authors: Wang Ying , Cheng Wannian , Guan Yanhui , Qi Jinzhe , Roberts Nathan J. , Wen Dusu , Cheng Zhigang , Shan Feng , Zhao Yan , Gu Jiayin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe number of Amur tigers living in protected regions is increasing, and China has achieved significant progress in this regard, especially at the Sino‐Russia border region around Hunchun where most of the Amur tigers are found in China. However, there is a need to increase the dispersal of Amur tigers further from the border as the region is not large enough to support the sustainable survival of the population. In the winter of 2012–2015 and January 2022, we tracked 38 Amur tiger snow traces and performed line transect and camera trap surveys in Hunchun to assess Amur tiger movements in response to the landscape and its permeability at fine scales. Our results showed that towns, shrubs, and forest roads are the main factors influencing Amur tiger movements. Furthermore, tiger paths were characterized by lower tortuosity in preferred habitats. This provides information for small‐scale habitat modification to increase landscape permeability and facilitate dispersal.
Transformative Effects of Remittances on Health Behavior, Community Resilience, and Gender Dynamics in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bayala Eric 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor five decades, the village of Niaogho in the Centre-Est region of Burkina Faso has faced an outmigration to Italy. Together with its local partner “Association pour le Developpement de Niaogho” (ADN), the hometown association called “Association pour le Devéloppement Niaogho en Italie” (ARNI) initiated health infrastructure projects in Niaogho. By applying a cross-sectional study using household surveys and interviews, this chapter examines the effects of the diaspora’s individual (household level) and collective (community level) remittances on health behavior, community resilience, and gender dynamics in Niaogho.The findings show that the ARNI projects and especially the activities of its women’s section contributed to better access to health infrastructure and enhanced prenatal and postnatal care through the transfer of bonding and bridging social capital. Overall, community resilience in Niaogho improved, but at the same time, the dependency on financial remittances increased, reducing self-determined initiatives and especially affecting the women left behind.
The Afterlife of Migrant Gifts
Authors: Mura Gökhan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter discusses the cultural impact and adoption of migrant gifts as material remittances in Turkey. It presents a conceptual framework for exploring migration through the biographical stories of gifts brought from European countries to Turkey from the beginning of the planned Turkish labor migration in the 1960s. Gifts are a material medium to explore the change of value regimes as well as a medium to communicate migrant narratives. The perceived value of the migrant gift in its culture of origin shifts when it becomes a gift and is taken to Turkey not only because it inherits the exchange value as a gift but also because it inherits an exotic quality as it is brought to a country with a different material climate. Discussing the value shift and the adoption of the gift objects throughout their cultural biographies also enlightens us about the social and economic changes that were simultaneously occurring in Turkey.
Conceptualizing Remittance Affordances: Transformations of a Knife Across Borders
Authors: Ströhle Claudius 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResearch on remittances mainly focuses on the nexus of migration and development, economic effects on the places of origin, and motives for remitting. However, little is known about the materiality of remittances. Drawing on a multi-sited ethnography in Stubai Valley (Austria) and Usṃak (Turkey), this chapter introduces the concept of remittance affordances by following the spatial and temporal trajectories of a crucial type of material remittances in the encountered research field, namely knives and tools manufactured by the Stubai cooperative. It examines the transformative effects of migration on the involved actors and the built landscape. I argue that in order to be appropriated in the intended way, the remitted objects depend on certain criteria, such as impact of the transactors’ relations, which are historically accumulated and hierarchically constituted, on the material and biography of the object and the bodily incorporated practices of usage.
Transnational Society in Light of Environmental Change
Authors: Van Praag Lore 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransnational practices, including the sending and receiving of remittances, have increasingly attracted the attention of policy makers. Such practices are very appealing to them as they have the potential to reduce poverty in regions of origin and to constitute a significant share of national economies. This chapter aims to discuss how the governance of transnational practices, and of remittances in particular, might contribute to the mitigation of and adaptation to environmental change. A ‘migration as adaptation’ discourse here provides the general conceptual framework that connects transnational practices and environmental change together. This in turn assists reflection on the ways in which migrants might act as transformative agents in transnational societies when facing degrading natural environments, whether due to climate change or disasters.
Conclusion: A Transformative Perspective on Remittances—Towards the Future of Transnational Society
Authors: Ströhle Claudius , Meyer Silke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis final chapter questions remittances as a global success story and sheds light on possible trends of remittance economies. Highlighting recent developments like digitalization, the COVID-19 pandemic, environmental changes, and growing global inequality, we explore the shifts and effects of remittances on transnational society. To this end, we apply a transformative perspective, embedding remittances in the actors’ relations and analyzing their cohesive as well as disruptive effects from a temporal and spatial angle. Thus, we give an outlook on the possible future of transnational society in the context of historically generated global power relations.
The Confluence of Remittances and Transnational Islamic Charity
Authors: Erdal Marta Bivand 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile remittances have received much attention in recent decades, interest in transnational Islamic charity is limited. This is an intriguing paradox, as remittances and Islamic charity are both substantial private monetary flows. This chapter explores the confluence of remittances and transnational Islamic charity in the transnational social field spanning Norway and Pakistan. These monetary transfers to family and friends include business investments, emergency assistance, school fees, and Islamic alms. The chapter draws on 97 semi-structured interviews with migrants and their descendants, as well as focus groups with 52 participants in Norway and Pakistan. The concept of remittance scripts is utilized as an analytical tool to investigate the confluence of remittances and transnational Islamic charity. Applying remittance scripts to transnational Islamic charity underscores the salience of relational, emotional, and material aspects. It adds temporal dimensions, which allow for a fresh perspective on social practices that encompass transcendental considerations and intergenerational change.
Remittances and the Destination State: A Comparison of Bangladeshi Migrants in Japan and the USA
Authors: Mahmud Hasan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBased on an ethnographic study of Bangladeshi migrants in Tokyo and Los Angeles, this chapter explores the role of the destination state in shaping remittances. It finds that the temporary character of the migration and family separation of migrants in Japan causes them to remit a greater portion of their income, whereas permanent settlement with the family and integration in the USA reduces remittances to just one-third of their income. This chapter explains these differences in terms of the destination state’s policies and practices toward the immigrants: whereas Japan allows migrant workers without offering permanent settlement, the USA invites Bangladeshi migrants to enter and permanently settle with their families and close relatives. By recognizing the destination state’s role in shaping remittances, this chapter expands our understanding of the remittances decay hypothesis and its implications for the migration-development nexus.
‘How Does Your Dementia Affect You?’
Authors: Ashworth Rosalie , Fyvel Sue , Hill Alyson , Maddocks Chris , Qureshi Masood , Ross David , Hay Stuart , Robertson Martin , Gilder Willy , Henry Winnie , Lamont Myra , Houston Agnes , Wilson Fred S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter is designed to draw attention to the types of dementia and how the different diagnoses can influence the brain and the body. The chapter offers some background information about the brain and myths surrounding dementia before taking the different types in turn. We have included some common features of the conditions alongside lived experience. Finally, the chapter explores experiences of diagnosis and questions how we might improve this process.
Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel 12 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie- und ggf. Studien-Protokolle der Entität Kopf-Hals-Tumoren. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
Protokolle zur Supportivtherapie
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel 34 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Protokolle zur Supportivtherapie in der Onkologie. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
An Overview of Our Research
Authors: Nakanishi Tomoko M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMore than 10 years have passed since the Fukushima nuclear accident. We, researchers in the agriculture department at the University of Tokyo, have begun to work right after the accident to determine the effect of radioactive materials on agricultural production, and still now, we are continuing the research, how radioactive cesium has been moving or what kind of problems are left in the environment, etc. Radioactive contamination was found everywhere in the environment after the accident. However, during these years, the radioactivity of the soil, rivers, or mountains gradually decreased. One of the reasons is decontamination of the place. Since radioactive cesium hardly moves from the place where it was adsorbed, the removal of the surface soil could reduce the radioactivity. Mixing the surface soil with deeper soil could also reduce the radioactivity in the field. The radioactivity of the agricultural products grown in the field was hardly detected a few years after the accident. Now, the only place where decontamination activities are difficult to perform is the mountain area, because the area is large, covering approximately 70% of Fukushima prefecture. Therefore, the radioactivity in the mountain is one of the issues that has grabbed the attention of the people now, and more research results related to the mountains are collected in this book compared to those of the former 3 books of this series already published.
Effect of Exchangeable and Nonexchangeable Potassium in Soil on Cesium Uptake by Quercus serrata Seedlings
Authors: Kobayashi Riona , Masumori Masaya , Tange Takeshi , Tanoi Keitaro , Kobayashi Natsuko I. , Miura Satoru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn general, potassium in soil greatly reduces radiocesium uptake by plants. Using four extraction methods, we investigated forms of potassium retained in soils from Quercus serrata (Konara oak) forests in nine regions across Japan to investigate the effect of potassium on the transfer factor of cesium in oaks. Of the potassium extracted with ammonium acetate (exchangeable K), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2-K), boiling nitric acid (HNO3-K), and tetraphenyl boric acid (TPB-K), HNO3-K, which is considered to be an indicator of nonexchangeable K content, showed the highest correlation with the transfer factor of cesium in Konara oak. H2O2-K showed the second highest correlation coefficient with cesium concentration in Konara oak. On the other hand, no significant correlation was found for exchangeable K with ammonium acetate solution, which is used to determine cesium uptake characteristics of crops. In addition, large variations were observed for all four forms of K. To determine characteristics of cesium uptake and transfer to trees, it is necessary to consider various forms of K, including nonexchangeable K.
Contribution of Cesium-Bearing Microparticles to Cesium in Soil and River Water of the Takase River Watershed and Their Effect on the Distribution Coefficient
Authors: Tatsuno Takahiro , Waki Hiromichi , Nagasawa Waka , Nihei Naoto , Murakami Masashi , Ohte Nobuhito 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRadioactive cesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs) are glassy particles containing large amounts of radioactive cesium (Cs, i.e., 134Cs and 137Cs). Because Cs in CsMPs is covered with insoluble glass, CsMPs may not release Cs into the liquid phase of river water. Previous studies have shown that CsMPs may drive overestimation of Cs transfer between the solid and liquid phases in rivers. In this study, we investigated the contribution of CsMPs to Cs concentrations in forest soil and river water in the Takase River watershed to explore the migration of CsMPs from a forest catchment and their effect on the distribution coefficient in the river water. The Cs concentration derived from CsMPs as a proportion of that in the bulk soil and particulate Cs in the river water was not large; therefore, CsMPs did not have a significant effect on the distribution coefficient. In forest soil, variation in the distribution of CsMPs in soil was greater than that in the distribution of Cs adsorbed onto soil particle. This variation might cause the Cs concentration derived from CsMPs flowing into rivers to vary more than the particulate Cs concentration. To elucidate CsMPs migration and its effects on the Cs concentration in the river, further research such as soil sampling to assess the spatial distribution of CsMPs in the watershed is needed.
Effects of Radioactive Cesium from Suspended Matter and Fallout on Agricultural Products
Authors: Nihei Naoto , Yoshimura Kazuya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAfter the accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, agriculture field decontamination has been considered to produce safe agricultural products. However, secondary contamination of agricultural products via fallout and suspended matter has not been contemplated in these counter measures. Therefore, we examined secondary contamination of crops in the area affected by the FDNPP accident. Radioactive cesium concentrations in Komatsuna cultivated using noncontaminated soil and water were affected by location of cultivation, height of cultivation, and whether the plants were washed or not. These results suggest that, depending on the region, secondary contamination of crops occurs due to the attachment of soil particles that rebounded from the ground by rainfall, and that radioactive cesium on the surface can be taken into the crop. By understanding the environmental and meteorological factors that increase the risk of contamination and the sources of secondary contamination, it is believed that future risks can be reduced.
Candidates for Breeding Target Genes Related to Cesium Transport in Plants After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident
Authors: Tanoi Keitaro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, I summarize the knowledge about Cs+ transport genes in plants, which would be potential candidates for breeding targets of low-Cs crops. After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, vigorous studies about Cs transport in crops have revealed various Cs+ transport systems. Most reported Cs+ transport systems were potassium ion transporters (KUP/HAK/KT family), but some were free from potassium ion transport systems such as SNARE Sec22p/SEC22 and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins. Diversity of Cs+ transport systems would encourage projects of making low-Cs crops.
Graviton trispectrum from gluons
Authors: Armstrong C. , Goodhew H. , Lipstein A. , Mei J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The tree-level wavefunction coefficient for four gravitons in de Sitter space was recently bootstrapped using the Cosmological Optical Theorem, flat space limit, and Manifestly Local Test [1]. Inspired by the double copy for scattering amplitudes, we derive a compact new expression for this quantity starting from the wavefunction coefficient for gluons.
Heavy-quark spin symmetry breaking in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation
Authors: Bruschini R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Heavy-quark spin symmetry is explicitly broken by the mass splitting between a heavy-light pseudoscalar meson and its vector partner. This fact plays a pivotal role in the physics of states whose mass lies close to the threshold of an open-flavor meson pair, like X(3872). We show that this source of heavy-quark spin symmetry breaking can be systematically included within the diabatic representation of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. We verify that including all the appropriate coupled channels guarantees conservation of total angular momentum, parity, and charge-conjugation parity. This marks a fundamental step towards a unified, first-principles study of quarkonia and meson molecules with hidden flavor.