bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postauricular Transcanal Posterior Tympanectomy (PT2) Approach – A Modified Surgical Technique for Jugulotympanic Paragangliomas
Authors: Panda Naresh K. , Nayak Gyanranjan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction The surgical management of jugulotympanic paragangliomas has remained challenging. They are the second most common type of tumor of the temporal bone after acoustic neuroma. It has been noticed by the authors that the jugulotympanic paragangliomas may have extensions to the epitympanum and aditus in addition to the mesotympanum and hypotympanum. The modified technique could be an alternative to the conventional facial recess technique for complete removal of the tumors.
Objective To highlight the modified surgical technique for the surgical treatment of jugulotympanic paragangliomas.
Methods This is a retrospective review of 34 cases of jugulotympanic paragangliomas treated in a tertiary center with respect to clinical presentation, diagnosis, and surgical treatment. Tinnitus and hearing loss were predominant symptoms. A modified technique of postauricular transcanal posterior tympanectomy with extended hypotympanic access was performed in 29 patients. Only two cases were operated with a classical transcanal approach. A canal wall down the mastoidectomy was required in three patients.
Results The patients operated on with the modified technique had complete excision evident by absence of any lesion in computed tomography and the disappearance of tinnitus. However, two patients had recurrence of symptoms and presence of tumor in the follow-up period. These two patients underwent revision surgery. None of the patients required postoperative radiotherapy or gamma knife therapy.
Conclusions Jugulotympanic paragangliomas can be effectively managed with the modified technique to ensure complete removal of the lesions. This technique has not been reported earlier in the literature.
Outcomes of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Adults with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Authors: Plantier Diogo Barreto , Pinna Fábio de Rezende , Olm Mary Anne Kowal , Athanázio Rodrigo , Pilan Renata Ribeiro de Mendonça , Voegels Richard Louis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare inherited disease associated with impairment of mucociliary transport and, consequently, with a high incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis. For patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who remain symptomatic despite medical treatment, endoscopic sinus surgery is a safe and effective therapeutic option. However, to date, no studies have been found evaluating the effect of surgery on the quality of life associated with the effect on olfaction and nasal endoscopy findings of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia and chronic rhinosinusitis.
Objective To describe the effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on the quality of life, on olfaction, and on nasal endoscopy findings of adults with PCD and chronic rhinosinusitis.
Methods Four patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were included. The Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) score, the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire, and the Lund-Kennedy score were collected preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The olfaction as assessed with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), which was administered preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively.
Results A total of 4 patients with a mean age of 39.3 years old (3 men and 1 woman) completed the study. All patients showed clinically significant improvement in the SNOT-22, NOSE, and Lund-Kennedy scores at 3 months postoperatively, and this improvement was sustained throughout the follow-up period. However, olfaction did not improve after surgery.
Conclusion The endoscopic sinus surgery treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in adults with PCD was associated with improvement in quality of life and endoscopic findings. However, no improvement in olfaction was demonstrated. Studies with a larger number of patients and control groups should help confirm these findings.
Quality of Life of Parents of Children with Cancer—Single-Center, Prospective Cross-Sectional Study from South India
Authors: Innasimuthu Arockia John , Jayaraman Dhaarani , Jeyarani Gracelin , Scott Julius Xavier , Iyengar Sumedh Krishna , Subramanian Lalitha , Sneha Latha M. , Kovindan Balaji Thiruvengadam , Arul Janani 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Holistic care for children with chronic diseases including cancer should include psychological support for children and their families. The impact of pediatric malignancies in regard to quality of life (QOL) of parents is poorly described.
Objectives We aim to study the QOL of parents of children diagnosed with cancer in physical, psychosocial, environmental, and social domains.
Materials and Methods A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted with 162 parents of children diagnosed with malignancy for 3 months or more. Assessment was done by World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire that includes four domains with a total of 26 questions. Data analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0; p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results on continuous measurements were presented as “Mean ± SD” and categorical measurements were presented as percentages (%). Differences in the quantitative variables between groups were assessed by unpaired-t-test; comparison between groups by nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test and chi-squared test was used to analyze categorical variables with p-value of < 0.05 using a two-tailed taken as statistically significant.
Results Mean raw scores of QOL in physical health, psychological, social, and environmental domains were 20.10, 15.28, 8.10, and 25.24, respectively, with social relationships being the lowest; inadequate or low QOL was noted in 50% study population and it was maximally affected by increased duration of treatment, multimodality treatment, socioeconomic status, rural population, education and occupation status of the parents, and increased cost of care. Type of family or place of residence, family history of psychiatric illness, or malignancy did not influence the QOL of parents of children with cancer.
Conclusion Psychological support from the beginning of the treatment along with financial, social support should be offered through a comprehensive care program to improve the QOL.
Communicative and Hearing Performance in Individuals with Cochlear Implants and Delayed Neuropsychomotor Development: A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Rocha Larissa Veloso , Zabeu-Fernandes Julia Speranza , Neto Rubens Vuono de Brito , Morettin-Zupelari Marina , Lourençone Luiz Fernando Manzoni 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Between 15% to 30% of individuals with bilateral prelingual sensorineural hearing loss present with associated disabilities. Cochlear implant (CI) is an alternative treatment that provides consistent access to environmental and speech sounds, which results in significant benefits regarding quality of life and auditory and language development.
Objectives To study the auditory and communicative performance of individuals with CI and delayed neuropsychomotor development after a minimum of five years using the device.
Methods A total of eight patients were included in the study. We collected the multidisciplinary clinical records of participants, as well as the answers for the questionnaires applied remotely, which included the Children with Cochlear Implants: Parental Perspectives (CCIPP), International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY), and the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS).
Results We found that throughout the years of CI use, the auditory threshold means improved significantly in all tested frequencies, as did the speech detection threshold and the language and hearing results. Regarding parental perception, parents evaluated aspects related to their children's social relations to be positive, and had worse perceptions regarding aspects related to their education.
Conclusion We observed a progression in the participants' auditory and language skills throughout the years of CI use; even in the presence of other associated disabilities. Future multicentric studies with larger samples are needed to further the advancement of rehabilitation in patients with other associated disabilities.
Tissue Perfusion and Diffusion and Cellular Respiration: Transport and Utilization of Oxygen
Authors: Hsia Connie C. W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the journey of inspired oxygen after its uptake across the alveolar–capillary interface, and the interplay among tissue perfusion, diffusion, and cellular respiration in the transport and utilization of oxygen. The critical interactions between oxygen and its facilitative carriers (hemoglobin in red blood cells and myoglobin in muscle cells), and with other respiratory and vasoactive molecules (carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide), are emphasized to illustrate how this versatile system dynamically optimizes regional convective transport and diffusive gas exchange. The rates of reciprocal gas exchange in the lung and the periphery must be well-matched and sufficient for meeting the range of energy demands from rest to maximal stress but not excessive as to become toxic. The mobile red blood cells play a vital role in matching tissue perfusion and gas exchange by dynamically regulating the controlled uptake of oxygen and communicating regional metabolic signals across different organs. Intracellular oxygen diffusion and facilitation via myoglobin into the mitochondria, and utilization via electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, are summarized. Physiological and pathophysiological adaptations are briefly described. Dysfunction of any component across this integrated system affects all other components and elicits corresponding structural and functional adaptation aimed at matching the capacities across the entire system and restoring equilibrium under normal and pathological conditions.
Importance of Diameter of Long Process of Incus in Stapedotomy-New Findings From In Vivo Study
Authors: Anand Veluswamy , Anand Aiswarya , Janarthanan Sridurga , Francis Sebina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Stapes surgery for otosclerosis is a precise surgical procedure. To achieve excellent hearing results, a firm and stable attachment of the prosthesis to the long process of incus (LPI) is necessary. The present study provides details on the attachment site in two dimensions to choose an appropriate prosthesis and to ensure firm attachment for better surgical outcomes.
Objective To study the diameter of the LPI and its relevance in determining the piston, used in stapes surgery by an in vivo method.
Methods This study was conducted in 41 patients who underwent stapedotomy, where both Anteroposterior (AP) and Mediolateral (ML) diameters of the LPI were measured at the site of attachment of the piston using specially designed instruments, intraoperatively.Radiological data were obtained to measure the LPI diameter from the normal ears of 46 patients. It was measured from both the right and left side, hence 92 LPI diameters were obtained.
Results The most commonly used site for prosthesis attachment is between 1–1.5 mm away from the tip of the LPI. We found great variability in the diameters of LPI in the attachment site, with the AP diameter ranging between 0.6 -1.5mm and the ML diameter ranging between 0.5mm-1.2 mm.
Conclusion Pistons by design have characteristics of gripping incus that will vary between types. Based on LPI dimensions, ideal piston types with appropriate inner loop diameters are suggested in this study. HRCT before surgery should include measurements of the LPI as a guide to the choice of the prosthesis during surgery.
Robotic Plastic Surgery Education: Developing a Robotic Surgery Training Program Specific to Plastic Surgery Trainees
Authors: Yim Nicholas H. , Burns Heather R. , Davis Matthew J. , Selber Jesse C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the past two decades, the surgical community has increasingly embraced robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) due to its potential to enhance accuracy and decrease surgical morbidity. Plastic surgery as a field has been historically slow to incorporate RAS, with lack of adequate training posing as one of the most commonly cited barriers. To date, robot technology has been utilized for various reconstructive procedures including flap elevation and inset, pedicle dissection, and microvascular anastomosis. As RAS continues to integrate within plastic surgery procedures, the need for a structured RAS curriculum designed for plastic surgery trainees is rising. This article delineates the essential components of a plastic surgery-specific RAS curriculum and outlines current training models and assessment tools utilized across surgical subspecialties to date.
The Benefit of YouTube Videos as a Source of Information on Tinnitus for Patients
Authors: Bakshi Satvinder Singh , Kalidoss Vinoth Kumar , Ramesh Seepana , Das Soumyajit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Tinnitus is one of the most common otological complaints encountered. Patients often use the internet, especially YouTube videos, as a source of information regarding their health condition. There is a need to analyze the standard and quality of information in these videos so that the patients receive correct information.
Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reliability and utility of YouTube videos on tinnitus.
Methods The first 100 videos on YouTube using the search terms tinnitus and ringing in the ear were identified. Three subject experts assessed the reliability using the modified five-point DISCERN score and utility using a usefulness score. Various indices like view ratio, like ratio, video power index, and interaction index were also calculated.
Results Out of the 100 videos selected, 34 were excluded; collectively the remaining 66 videos were viewed 12,797,730 times. The most common upload sources were hospital/physician (39%), paramedic health care providers (19%), and alternative medicine (19%). The discern score was the highest in hospital/physician group (mean 19.3) and lowest in patient experience group (mean 13.4). A negative correlation was observed between the number of views (correlation coefficient −0.214), number of likes (correlation coefficient −0.242), number of comments (correlation coefficient −0.242), and the usefulness score.
Conclusion Although there are multiple videos on YouTube regarding tinnitus, the overall educational content and reliability of the videos are poor. Video popularity is not associated with usefulness. Healthcare providers should counsel patients regarding videos on YouTube and try to create more comprehensive videos.
The impact of non-communicable chronic diseases on the earned income of working age Chinese residents
Authors: Zhao Pengju , Li Ke , Coyte Peter C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper used two waves (2016 and 2018) of longitudinal data from the China Families Panel Survey (CFPS) to analyze the economic impact of Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) on individual earned income using propensity score matching and difference in difference (PSM-DID) methods to control for potential confounding. The occurrence of a NCDs was associated with a significant decrease in earned income by 19.2% (P = 0.002, t = 3.75). The reasons for this decrease include: a lower labour force participation rate; lower weekly hours worked; and a lower average hourly wage. After holding labour market behaviours constant, different types of NCDs have different impacts on earned income. Musculoskeletal diseases have the greatest negative impact, accounting for a 21.5% decrease in individual earned income (p < 0.0001, t = −7.84), while digestive system diseases have the smallest impact accounting for a 6.9% decrease in earned income (p = 0.012, t = −2.52).
Secondary scintillation properties of multi-layer THGEMs operated in low-pressure CF4 and Ar/5%Xe
Authors: Cortesi M. , Sims H. , Pereira J. , Ayyad Y. , Majewski P.A. , Katsioulas I. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present a measurement of the secondary scintillation
yield produced by two-layer Thick Gas Electron Multipliers
(M-THGEMs) in pure Tetrafluoromethane (CF4) gas and in Ar mixed
with 5% Xe in low-pressures down to 20 Torr. The detector was
irradiated with 5.49 MeV alpha particles from a low-rate 241-Am
source. The secondary scintillation light generated during the gas
avalanche process was read out by a Hamamatsu photomultiplier tube
(model R8520-406), sensitive to a broad wavelength range
(160–650 nm). The avalanche charge was collected on the bottom
electrode of M-THGEM and correlated to the scintillation light on an
event-by-event basis. We observed that, for both gas types, the
value of the photon to electron production ratio (0.4 ph/el in
CF4 and 0.1 ph/el in Ar/5%Xe) increases with the thickness of
the M-THGEM electrodes and varies significantly with the pressure,
being higher at lower values. The decrease in electroluminescence
yield at higher pressures is much more pronounced in the Ar/Xe
mixture. In addition, because of a larger gas avalanche volume, the
electroluminescence light yield is larger in thicker M-THGEM
structures. Presented results are particularly useful for designing
the next generation of Optical-readout Time Projection Chambers
(O-TPCs) operated at low-pressure CF4; applications include
experimental nuclear physics with rare isotope beams, dark matter
detection with directional sensitivity and observation of the Migdal
effect in a low-pressure Optical TPC.
Complexity Theory and Child Protection and Welfare: A Tool of Hindsight and/or a Tool to Assist Improved Decision Making in Child Protection and Welfare Work
Authors: Gillen Aisling , Canavan John 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Child abuse and neglect is a ‘wicked problem’ (Devaney, J. and Spratt, T. (2009) ‘Child abuse as a complex and wicked problem: Reflecting on policy developments in the United Kingdom in working with children and families with multiple problems’, Children and Youth Services Review, 31(6), pp. 635–41.). Child Protection and Welfare (CPW) systems are open systems in which a wide variety of practitioners and families themselves contribute to outcomes. Small interacting changes in one part of a CPW system can lead to unpredictable and systemic effects so linear, technocratic solutions are not sufficient in addressing this complexity. Whilst CPW systems may aim to make clear roles and responsibilities, steered by legislation and regulatory guidance, complex systems do not behave as system designers expect. Recent literature has demonstrated a turn to complexity theory and systems theory concepts for understanding and working in the world of child protection. This article suggests a practice framework based on complexity theory concepts of self-organisation/emergence/adaptation, path-dependency and bifurcation. The utility of the framework is tested by its application to a fictionalised case study built on a thematic analysis of five National Review Panel published case reviews in the Irish child protection context (2019–2020). We argue that complexity theory may be a useful tool for both post hoc analytics as well as providing a proactive tool for application to practice to assist decision making in CPW systems, services and organisations.
A Large-Scale Mobile Traffic Dataset For Mobile Application Identification
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Chen Shuhui , Wang Fei , Wei Ziling , Zhong Jincheng , Liang Jianbing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With Internet access shifting from desktop-driven to mobile-driven, application-level mobile traffic identification has become a research hotspot. Although considerable progress has been made in this research field, two obstacles are hindering its further development. Firstly, there is a lack of sharable labeled mobile traffic datasets. Although it is easy to capture mobile traffic, labeling traffic at the application level is non-trivial. Besides, researchers usually hold a conservative attitude toward publishing their datasets for privacy concerns. Secondly, most of the datasets used by existing studies are inadequate to evaluate the proposed methods, since they usually have the problems of inaccurate labels, small scale and simple collection configurations. To tackle these two obstacles, a mobile traffic collection is carried out in this paper. The collected traffic has the advantages of large-scale data size, accurate application-level labels and diverse collection configurations. Then, the collected traffic is anonymized carefully to make it public. Several mobile traffic identification methods are compared based on our anonymized dataset, which proves the applicability of our dataset.
Life cycle complexity and body mass drive erratic changes in climate vulnerability across ontogeny in a seasonally migrating butterfly
Authors: Medina-Báez Osmary A , Lenard Angie , Muzychuk Rut A , da Silva Carmen R B , Diamond Sarah E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Physiological traits are often used for vulnerability assessments of organismal responses to climate change. Trait values can change dramatically over the life cycle of organisms but are typically assessed at a single developmental stage. Reconciling ontogenetic changes in physiological traits with vulnerability assessments often reveals early life-stage vulnerabilities. The degree to which ontogenetic changes in physiological traits are due to changes in body mass over development versus stage-specific responses determines the degree to which mass can be used as a proxy for vulnerability. Here, we use the painted lady butterfly, Vanessa cardui, to test ontogenetic changes in two physiological traits, the acute thermal sensitivity of routine metabolic rate (RMR Q10) and the critical thermal maximum (CTmax). RMR Q10 generally followed ontogenetic changes in body mass, with stages characterized by smaller body mass exhibiting lower acute thermal sensitivity. However, CTmax was largely decoupled from ontogenetic changes in body mass. In contrast with trends from other studies showing increasing vulnerability among progressively earlier developmental stages, our study revealed highly erratic patterns of vulnerability across ontogeny. Specifically, we found the lowest joint-trait vulnerability (both RMR Q10 and CTmax) in the earliest developmental stage we tested (3rd instar larvae), the highest vulnerabilities in the next two developmental stages (4th and 5th instar larvae), and reduced vulnerability into the pupal and adult stages. Our study supports growing evidence of mechanistic decoupling of physiology across developmental stages and suggests that body mass is not a universal proxy for all physiological trait indicators of climate vulnerability.