bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathological Characteristics of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy Procedure in Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin
Authors: Nurrasyidah Ira , Nuzula Muhammad Ajib , Oktaviyanti Ika Kustiyah , Rahmawaty Desi , Wanahari Tenri Ashari 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy (FOB) has emerged into the method of choice for the detection of lung tumors due to its availability of Adequate cytological and histological samples in the form of broncho-alveolar lavage, bronchial brushings, and bronchial forceps biopsy. This study aims to identify characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage, aspiration cytology, brushing cytology and forceps cytology of patients suspected with malignancy at the Ulin Regional Hospital in South Kalimantan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out utilizing medical documentation of patients suspested lung cancer from March 2018 to March 2020. Data were grouped by gender, age, type of procedure, and cytology and histopathology findings.
Results: The result showed that 67.5% of 117 patients who underwent bronchoscopy had positive results and common histological diagnosis The frequent histopathological conclusion was adenocarcinoma (45.6%) tailed by squamous cell carcinoma (40.55). Forceps bronchoscopy showed a greater positivity rate (75.0%) than bronchoscopy without forceps (63.6%), we also found that by combining BAL and brushing and forceps biopsy, the detection rate of lung malignancy increased to 85.7%, but no correlation between the type of procedure and the likelihood of malignancy was discovered.
Conclusions: Forceps bronchoscopy showed a greater positivity rate than bronchoscopy without forceps, but no correlation between the type of procedure and the likelihood of malignancy was discovered in our study.
Current Developments of Smoking and Vaping, Is Vaping Safer?
Authors: Simanjuntak Arya Marganda , Hutapea Anastasya , Tampubolon Bryan Steffanus , Browlim Stephani , Napitupulu Yosep Pebriyanto , Siregar Indi Esha , Suyanto Suyanto 
Published: June 2023

Vape fans claim that vaping is the solution of smoking cessation, but this is still debatable. Even if vape is still considered new, numerous studies show vaping is associated with lung injury (EVALI). Despite this, the trend of vaping is still increasing. This study aims to review current understanding of conventional smoking and vaping and comparing both. Is vaping safer than smoking? Smoking has health risk for lung cancer, COPD, stroke, and others meanwhile vaping has been linked with lung injury (EVALI). Local perfusions were decreased in tobacco smokers after exposure. However, perfusion increased in vaping after exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage in vape users showed increase of vitamin E acetate possibly causing impairment in lung structure and functionality of surfactant. This is the potential mechanism of EVALI in vape users. Smoking uses the Brinkman Index to determine severity of smoking but there’s no index for vaping because it depends not on how many sticks but how many e-liquids were used. It seems that vape is “safer” rather than smoking but between smoking and vaping both have their own risk in health aspects and it’s safe to assume that neither is safe for use. “Vape is the solution for smoking cessation” needs further research because researchers need years to understand conventional smoking in relation with other diseases. Prospective follow-up studies to determine the risk of vaping on other diseases are needed in the future.
A CASE REPORT: THE STAGED RETRO AURICULAR FLAPS FOR AURICLE RECONSTRUCTION AFTER TRAUMATIC AMPUTATIONS
Authors: Suparman Alexandria Stephanie , Doni Setiawan  , Yugos Juli Fitra  
Published: June 2023

Highlights:

Instances of severe ear injuries are uncommon.
The paragraph explores the efficacy of the staged retro-auricular flap (SRF) as a proficient approach to ear reconstruction.
SRF demonstrates the ability to successfully reinstate the ear's dimensions, contour, and functionality, yielding highly satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes.

Abstract:
Introduction: A complete amputation or other severe auricular injury is rare. The amputated ear also presents a significant problem for the plastic surgeon.
Case Illustration: A 29-year-old man had his left ear amputated due to trauma presented. He cut off his ear to get rid of the whisper because he has a history of psychiatric illnesses and complaints about hearing them. The remaining portion of the cartilage that was still linked to the ear attachment area was sutured to the preserved cartilage. The defect is covered using a stage pedicle flap. A skin transplant was used to close the donor flap's retro-auricular defect, which was its secondary defect.
Discussion: A random-pattern flap with an abundant vascular supply is the staged retro-auricular flap (SRF). This flap's main disadvantage is the two-stage process required to complete it. Excellent cosmetic outcomes can be achieved by matching skin color and texture well in the postauricular sulcus, mastoid area, and posterior ear.
Conclusion: SRF is an efficient ear reconstruction technique that offers relatively little operational morbidity and can restore the ear's size and shape with good to exceptional functional and cosmetic results when used on appropriately chosen helical ear abnormalities.
Morphology and Specific Features of Formation of Thermal Lake Utinaya Banya (Iturup Island, Southern Kuril Islands)
Authors: Khubaeva O.R. , Degterev A.V. , Kozlov D.N. , Khomchanovskii A.L. , Zharkov R.V. , Batanov F.I. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
—This paper describes a set of studies performed at a thermal manifestation (Lake Utinaya Banya) on the Iturup Island (Kuril Islands). These studies include bathymetric survey of the lake basin, geometric leveling across the lake, pitting, sampling of thermal waters from the lake and springs, hydrochemical research, and isotopic analysis of oxygen and hydrogen in the lake water. It is suggested by the shape of the lake basin (close to lenticular with a significant concentric depression), the underwater gas-hydrothermal vents, the bank along the perimeter of the lake basin, and the presence of several layers of clastic deposits at the top of the rampart that the lake was formed by a hydrothermal eruption. The lake temperature has remained constant over the years and ranges on average from 25 to 15 °C, depending on the season. The water of Lake Utinaya Banya is represented by acidic, sulfate calcium, and low-mineralized waters.
Open Genes — A New Comprehensive Database of Human Genes Associated With Aging and Longevity
Authors: Rafikova Ekaterina , Nemirovich-Danchenko Nikolay , Ogmen Anna , Parfenenkova Anna , Velikanova Anastasiia , Tikhonov Stanislav , Peshkin Leonid , Rafikov Konstantin , Spiridonova Olga , Belova Yulia , Glinin Timofey , Egorova Anastasia , Batin Mickhail 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Open Genes database was created to enhance and simplify the search for potential aging therapy targets. We collected data on 2402 genes associated with aging and developed convenient tools for searching and comparing gene features. A comprehensive description of genes has been provided, including lifespan-extending interventions, age-related changes, longevity associations, gene evolution, associations with diseases and hallmarks of aging, and functions of gene products. For each experiment, we presented the necessary structured data for evaluating the experiment’s quality and interpreting the study’s findings. Our goal was to stay objective and precise while connecting a particular gene to human aging. We distinguished six types of studies and 12 criteria for adding genes to our database. Genes were classified according to the confidence level of the link between the gene and aging. All the data collected in a database are provided both by an API and a user interface. The database is publicly available on a website at https://open-genes.org/.
Electroconvulsive therapy is associated with increased immunoreactivity for the neuroplasticity marker doublecortin in the hippocampus of depressed patients
Authors: Loef Dore , Tendolkar Indira , Eijndhoven Philip van , Hoozemans Jeroen , Oudega Mardien , Rozemuller Annemieke , Lucassen Paul , Dols Annemiek , Dijkstra Anke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective therapy for depression, but its cellular effects on the human brain remain elusive. In rodents, electroconvulsive shocks increase proliferation and the expression of plasticity markers in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), suggesting increased neurogenesis. Furthermore, MRI studies in depressed patients have demonstrated increases in DG volume after ECT, that were notably paralleled by a decrease in depressive mood scores. Whether ECT also triggers cellular plasticity, inflammation or possibly injury in the human hippocampus, was unknown. We here performed a first explorative, anatomical study on the human post-mortem hippocampus of a unique, well-documented cohort of bipolar or unipolar depressed patients, who had received ECT in the 5 years prior to their death. They were compared to age-matched patients with a depressive disorder who had not received ECT and to matched healthy controls. Upon histopathological examination, no indications were observed for major hippocampal cell loss, overt cytoarchitectural changes or classic neuropathology in these 3 groups, nor were obvious differences present in inflammatory markers for astrocytes or microglia. Whereas the numbers of proliferating cells expressing Ki-67 was not different, we found a significantly higher level of immunoreactivity for Doublecortin (DCX), a marker commonly used for young neurons and cellular plasticity, in the granule cell layer, subgranular zone, and CA4 / hilus of the hippocampus of ECT patients. These first post-mortem observations suggest that ECT has no damaging effects but may rather have induced neuroplasticity in the DG of depressed patients.
Revisiting the Watching eyes effect: how emotional expressions, sex, and age of watching eyes influence stereotypical statement endorsement
Authors: Lau Wee Kiat , Sauter Marian , Bulut Cihan , Lisa Valentina Eberhardt , Huckauf Anke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The watching eyes effect has been shown to influence prosocial and antisocial behaviors. However, the eye characteristics which induce this effect remain unclear. This study explored how emotional expressions (anger, fear, happy, neutral), age (old, young), and sex (male, female) of eye images affect antisocial behavior, measured by stereotype endorsement. Participants rated their endorsement to 36 stereotype statements about race, gender, and religion topics, each paired with an eye image. Our findings indicated that stereotype endorsement did not differ significantly between neutral eye images and control flower images. We then used neutral eyes as control images to evaluate stereotype endorsement when being watched by eyes with other expressions. When comparing endorsement across age and sex in each expression, the data revealed higher endorsement for angry old male eyes and for happy young eyes (males and females), and lower endorsement for fearful eyes, except for old fearful female eyes. Therefore, varying the emotional expression, sex and age of the eye images used in the watching eyes effect paradigm influence stereotype endorsement. To further unravel the underlying mechanisms behind the watching eyes effect, we encourage future research to explore how varying characteristics of the eyes affect responses/behaviors like stereotype endorsement.
Identifying the obstacles facing emergency nurses regarding treating CTAS1 and CTAS2 in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlZahrani Rawan , Thobaity Abdulellah Al 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background: Emergency nurses are crucial to the effectiveness of an emergency healthcare system. However, several difficulties and obstacles, particularly in dealing with life-threatening cases, may affect the health, safety, and satisfaction of nurses and patients. This study aimed to explore the most common challenges faced by emergency nurses when dealing with CTAS1 and CTAS2 cases according to the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale in Saudi hospitals to avoid or manage them in the future.
Methods: This study used the mixed-method sequential study design with two phases. The first phase involved focus group discussions with eight expert nurses from two large hospitals in Taif. The second phase was an online questionnaire using 23 of the 28 items extracted from the first phase. Principal component analysis was used to describe and find the correlation and contrast between the results.
Findings: Five factors were extracted: patient care management, critical case handling, hospital management support, delays in patient care, and the impact of the presence of the patient’s family on nurses.
Conclusion: Understanding the difficulties faced by emergency nurses may assist hospital stakeholders in providing psychological support and sufficient resources and improving high-quality protocols for emergency situations.
Comparing optimization algorithms for Parameter Identification of Sigmoid Model for MR damper
Authors: Silva Davi Matias Dutra da , Avila Suzana Moreira , Morais Marcus Vinicius Girão , Junior Aldemir Aparecido Cavallini 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a new hybrid optimization technique that merges a differential evolution algorithm with a local strategy using the Nelder-Mead simplex search method (fminsearch). In order to investigate the variation in parameter estimation errors arising from different optimization techniques. For a numerical model to exhibit good agreement with experimental values, it should prevent any clearances in the system and achieve an improved fit for the parameters of the Bouc-Wen modified dynamic model. The study includes an experimental design to control the excitation current, frequency, and piston displacement. In this study, the model employed is the numerically parameterized model implemented by Wang, which utilizes experimental dynamic behavior of a commercial magnetorheological damper and applies a method to fit symmetric and asymmetric sigmoid functions using experimental data. These optimization algorithms are used to identify the sixteen parameters of the modified Bouc-Wen model.
Microplastics: challenges of assessment in biological samples and their implication for in vitro and in vivo effects
Authors: Rodríguez Karen Beatriz Méndez , Avalos Jorge Armando Jiménez , Macias Juan Carlos Fernández , Palomo Ana Karen González 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have attracted global interest because they have been recognized as emerging pollutants that require urgent attention. MPs are plastic particles with a size between 1 micron and 5 millimeters (1 µm-5mm); those measuring less than 1 µm are known as nanoplastics (NPs). MPs are distributed in the environment in various physical forms that depend on the original morphology of the primary plastics, the degradation process, and the erosion factors to which they were subjected. Humans may be exposed to these pollutants mainly by ingestion or inhalation, which could adversely affect human health. This review focuses on exposure pathways, sources, and evidence of adverse effects reported in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition,we highlight the application of methods and techniques to assess the precise levels of exposure to MPs in biological samples to generate knowledge about their potential threat to human health.
Comparison the effect of gelatin sponge and epinephrine-soaked gauze for hemostasis and pain control after hemorrhoidal surgery
Authors: Tsai Kun-Min , Kiu Kee-Thai , Yen Min-Hsuan , Yen Yu-Chun , Tam Ka-Wai , Chang Tungcheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Post-operative pain and bleeding are the main complications after hemorrhoidal surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an absorbable gelatin sponge is a superior hemostatic and analgesic agent to gauze soaked in epinephrine after hemorrhoidal surgery. A retrospective study was conducted using data from a single institute. Data were collected from the electronic medical record database and outpatient patient questionnaire archive. This study included 132 patients for whom gauze soaked in epinephrine was used as the hemostatic agent after hemorrhoidal surgery and 139 patients for whom an absorbable gelatin sponge was employed. The primary outcome measurements were postoperative pain score, oral analgesic dosage, length of hospital stay, and complications. Patients in the absorbable gelatin sponge group had significantly lower pain scores from the day they underwent hemorrhoidal surgery (postoperative day 0) until postoperative day 2. Average pain scores in the absorbable gelatin sponge group and gauze soaked in epinephrine group were 5.33 ± 3.2 and 6.18 ± 3.2 (p = 0.029) on postoperative day 0, respectively; 4.69 ± 3.0 and 5.77 ± 2.9 (p = 0.003) on postoperative day 1, respectively; and 4.44 ± 2.8 and 5.33 ± 2.9 (p = 0.010) on postoperative day 2, respectively. No significant differences were discovered in postoperative recovery or complication rate between the groups. Absorbable gelatin sponges provide patients with more effective pain relief than gauze soaked in epinephrine for the first couple of days after hemorrhoidal surgery. Moreover, absorbable gelatin sponges had no negative effect on patient outcomes. Therefore, absorbable gelatin sponges are recommended as a replacement for gauze soaked in epinephrine following hemorrhoidal surgery.
Costs of Cancer Care in the Last Five Days of Life in a Low-Resource Setting
Authors: Darrudi Ali , Poopak Amir Hossein , Darroudi Rajabali , Sargazi Nasrin , Zendehdel Kazem , Motlagh Ali Ghanbari , Tahmassebi Mamak , Nahvijou Azin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
End-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer is costly. The palliative care unit tend to reduce the healthcare costs of these patients. This study aimed to compare palliative care unit costs with non-palliative care unit costs in cancer patients admitted to a university hospital.
Methods
We calculated the cost and number of services the patients received in the last five days of life in this study. We adjusted all costs based on the 2018 US Dollar exchange rate. We evaluated the cost of hospitalization and care service delivery for 150 patients admitted to a university hospital; the participants were selected prospectively.
Results
A total of 150 patients were included in this study, 56 of whom (37%) were admitted to the palliative care unit. The average total cost of treatment in the last five days of life for each patient was three times higher in general, wards compared to palliative care unit. The total cost of cancer in the last five days of life was $2,873 in the non- palliative care unit setting and $909.63 in the palliative care unit setting.
Conclusions
Based on the results, establishing palliative care units in tertiary hospitals and providing palliative consultation to patients with advanced cancer can be profitable when resources are limited.
The relationship between cadmium exposure and preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Chu , Yang Yunping , Wang Qianqian , Zheng Yanmei , Zhong Zixing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that has been associated with several disorders in humans. Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Despite numerous studies on the subject, the association between Cd exposure and preeclampsia remains elusive. To better understand this relationship, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eligible studies from five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CNKI) from their inception to September 10, 2022. The quality of these studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). We calculated overall standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects models. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of our results. We also evaluated publication bias using Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Additionally, we conducted meta-regression and subgroup analyses to identify potential sources of heterogeneity among studies. Our analysis included a total of 17 studies with 10,373 participants. We found a significant association between maternal cadmium exposure and the risk of preeclampsia (SMD 0.27, 95% CI 0.09–0.44, p < 0.001). No significant publication bias was detected in either Begg’s or Egger’s tests. Meta-regression suggested that factors such as geographical location, year of publication, cadmium samples, sample size, and measurement methods did not contribute to heterogeneity between studies. Our findings suggest that maternal cadmium exposure is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. Further high-quality clinical studies and animal experiments are needed to better understand this association.
Scattering-induced entropy boost for highly-compressed optical sensing and encryption
Authors: Zhan Xinrui , Chang Xuyang , Li Daoyu , Yan Rong , Zhang Yinuo , Jang Mooseok , Zhang Jun , Bian Liheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Image sensing often relies on a high-quality machine vision system with a large field of view and high resolution. It requires fine imaging optics, has high computational costs, and requires large communication bandwidth between image sensors and computing units. In this paper, we propose a novel image-free sensing framework for resource-efficient image classification, where the required number of measurements can be reduced by up to two orders of magnitude. In the proposed framework for single-pixel detection, the optical field for a target is first scattered by an optical diffuser and then two-dimensionally modulated by a spatial light modulator. The optical diffuser simultaneously serves as a compressor and an encryptor for the target information, effectively narrowing the field of view and improving the system’s security. The one-dimensional sequence of intensity values, which is measured with time-varying patterns on the spatial light modulator, is then used to extract semantic information based on end-to-end deep learning. The proposed sensing framework is shown to obtain over a 95% accuracy at sampling rates of 1% and 5% for classification on the MNIST dataset and the recognition of Chinese license plates, respectively, and the framework is up to 24% more efficient than the approach without an optical diffuser. The proposed framework represents a significant breakthrough in high-throughput machine intelligence for scene analysis with low bandwidth, low costs, and strong encryption.