bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a Multimodal Transitional Care Intervention in Patients at High Risk of Readmission
Authors: Donzé Jacques , John Gregor , Genné Daniel , Mancinetti Marco , Gouveia Alexandre , Méan Marie , Bütikofer Lukas , Aujesky Drahomir , Schnipper Jeffrey 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceHospital readmissions are frequent, costly, and sometimes preventable. Although these issues have been well publicized and incentives to reduce them introduced, the best interventions for reducing readmissions remain unclear.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of a multimodal transitional care intervention targeting patients at high risk of hospital readmission on the composite outcome of 30-day unplanned readmission or death.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA single-blinded, multicenter randomized clinical trial was conducted from April 2018 to January 2020, with a 30-day follow-up in 4 medium-to-large–sized teaching hospitals in Switzerland. Participants were consecutive patients discharged from general internal medicine wards and at higher risk of unplanned readmission based on their simplified HOSPITAL score (≥4 points). Data were analyzed between April and September 2022.InterventionsThe intervention group underwent systematic medication reconciliation, a 15-minute patient education session with teach-back, a planned first follow-up visit with their primary care physician, and postdischarge follow-up telephone calls from the study team at 3 and 14 days. The control group received usual care from their hospitalist, plus a 1-page standard study information sheet.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThirty-day postdischarge unplanned readmission or death.ResultsA total of 1386 patients were included with a mean (SD) age of 72 (14) years; 712 (51%) were male. The composite outcome of 30-day unplanned readmission or death was 21% (95% CI, 18% to 24%) in the intervention group and 19% (95% CI, 17% to 22%) in the control group. The intention-to-treat analysis risk difference was 1.7% (95% CI, −2.5% to 5.9%; P = .44). There was no evidence of any intervention effects on time to unplanned readmission or death, postdischarge health care use, patient satisfaction with the quality of their care transition, or readmission costs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, use of a standardized multimodal care transition intervention targeting higher-risk patients did not significantly decrease the risks of 30-day postdischarge unplanned readmission or death; it demonstrated the difficulties in preventing hospital readmissions, even when multimodal interventions specifically target higher-risk patients.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03496896
Physical Activity Trajectories and Functional Recovery After Acute Stroke Among Adults in Sweden
Authors: Buvarp Dongni , Viktorisson Adam , Axelsson Felix , Lehto Elias , Lindgren Linnea , Lundström Erik , Sunnerhagen Katharina S. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceThe optimum level and timing of poststroke physical activity interventions to enhance functional recovery remain unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the level of physical activity in the first 6 months after stroke among individuals with similar physical activity patterns over time and to investigate the association between physical activity trajectories and functional recovery at 6 months after stroke.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study obtained data from the Efficacy of Fluoxetine–a Randomized Controlled Trial in Stroke, which was conducted in 35 stroke and rehabilitation centers across Sweden from October 2014 to June 2019. Adult participants (aged &amp;gt;18 years) were recruited between 2 and 15 days after stroke onset and followed up for 6 months. Participants who withdrew or were lost to follow-up were excluded from the longitudinal analysis. Data analyses were performed between August 15 and October 28, 2022.ExposuresPhysical activity was assessed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Multiple factors associated with physical activity trajectories were investigated. Association of the distinct trajectories with functional recovery was assessed in multivariable logistic regression.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were the distinct physical activity trajectories over time, which were identified using group-based trajectory modeling. The secondary outcome was the functional recovery at 6 months after stroke, which was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale.ResultsOf the 1367 included participants (median [IQR] age, 72 years [65-79] years; 844 males [62%]), 2 distinct trajectory groups were identified: increaser (n = 720 [53%]) and decreaser (647 [47%]). The increaser group demonstrated a significant increase in physical activity level (mean difference, 0.27; linear slope β1 = 0.46; P &amp;lt; .001) and sustained it at light intensity from 1 week to 6 months, whereas the decreaser group showed a decline in physical activity and eventually became inactive (mean difference, −0.26; linear slope β1 = 1.81; P &amp;lt; .001). Male participants and those with normal cognition had higher odds of being in the increaser group, regardless of stroke severity. Increasing physical activity and sustaining it at light intensity were associated with a good functional outcome at 6 months (adjusted odds ratio, 2.54; 99% CI, 1.72-3.75; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions ad RelevanceResults of this study suggest that increased physical activity was associated with functional recovery 6 months after stroke. Interventions targeting individuals with decreasing physical activity in the subacute phase of stroke may play a role in improved functional outcomes.
Patient Experience at US Hospitals Following the Caregiver Advise, Record, Enable (CARE) Act
Authors: Lee Courtney R. , Taggert Elizabeth , Coe Norma B. , Chatterjee Paula 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceCommunication with caregivers is often not established or standardized during hospitalization. The Caregiver Advise, Record, Enable (CARE) Act is a state-level policy designed to facilitate communication among patients, caregivers, and clinical care teams during hospitalization to improve patient experience; 42 states have passed this policy since 2014, but whether it was associated with achieving these goals remains unknown.ObjectiveTo determine whether passage of the CARE Act was associated with improvements in patient experience.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used a difference-in-differences analysis of short-term, acute-care US hospitals from 2013 to 2019 to analyze changes in patient experience before vs after CARE Act implementation in hospitals located in states that passed the CARE Act compared with those in states that did not. Analyses were performed between September 1, 2021, and July 31, 2022.ExposureTime-varying indicators for whether a hospital was in a state that passed the CARE Act.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPatient-reported experience via the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey.ResultsA total of 2763 hospitals were included, with 2188 hospitals in CARE Act states and 575 in non–CARE Act states. There were differential improvements in patient experience in the measures of communication with nurses (unadjusted mean [SD] score, 78.40% [0.42%]; difference, 0.18 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.07-0.29 percentage points; P = .002), communication with physicians (mean [SD] score, 80.00% [0.19%]; difference, 0.17 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.06-0.28 percentage points; P = .002), and receipt of discharge information (mean [SD] score, 86.40% [0.22%]; difference, 0.11 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.02-0.21 percentage points; P = .02) among CARE Act states compared with non–CARE Act states after policy passage. In subgroup analyses, improvements were larger among hospitals with lower baseline Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems performance on measures of communication with nurses, communication with physicians, and overall hospital rating.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that implementation of the CARE Act was associated with improvements in several measures of patient experience. Policies that formally incorporate caregivers into patient care during hospitalization may improve patient outcomes.
Physical Fitness and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk Among Children and Adolescents in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Chun-Ying , Liang Li-Lin , Ho Hsiu J. , Hsu Chen-Te , Hsu Hsiu-Tao , Ao Chon-Kit , Wu Chen-Yi , Lin Yi-Hsian , Chuang Yi-Fang , Hsu Yao-Chun , Chen Yi-Ju , Ng Siew C. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceThe incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in newly industrialized countries but disease etiologies remain unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between physical fitness and subsequent IBD risk among children and adolescents in Taiwan.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationwide cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018. Data sources included the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, the National Student Fitness Tests Database, and the Air Quality Monitoring System Database. This study included students who were aged 10 years, completed physical fitness tests between grades 4 and 13, and had at least 1 year of follow-up. Data analysis was last performed on January 15, 2023.ExposuresPhysical fitness tests included cardiorespiratory endurance (CE; number of minutes to complete an 800-m run), musculoskeletal endurance (ME; number of bent-leg curl-ups in 1 minute), musculoskeletal power (MP; standing broad jump distance), and flexibility fitness (FF; 2-leg sit-and-reach distance).Main Outcomes and MeasuresSubsequent risk of IBD was compared among students based on physical fitness test results. Six-year cumulative incidences and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated after adjusting for competing mortality. Performance was reported in quantiles, ranging from 1 (best) to 4 (poorest).ResultsThere were 4 552 866 students who completed physical fitness tests between grades 4 and 13; among these students, 1 393 641 were aged 10 years and were included in the analysis. Six-year cumulative incidence of IBD risk was lowest among students in the best-performing quantile of CE (quantile 1, 0.74% [95% CI, 0.63%-0.86%]; P &amp;lt; .001), ME (0.77% [0.65%-0.90%]; P &amp;lt; .001), and MP (0.81% [0.68%-0.93%]; P = .005) compared with students in quantiles 2 through 4, respectively; however, no association was observed for quantiles of FF. After adjusting for competing HRs for mortality and other confounders, better CE was inversely associated with IBD risk (adjusted HR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.17-0.75]; P = .007). Other measures of physical fitness were not independently associated with IBD risk.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this study suggest that CE was inversely associated with IBD risk among children and adolescents, but ME, MP, and FF were not independently associated with IBD risk. Future studies that explore the mechanisms are needed.
Provoking the Outliers: Trajectories for the Near Future Drawn from the Enigmatic Past
Authors: Rashid Hani 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEvoking a heady mix of the Cranbrook campus viewed from his window and the liquid viscerality of Hieronymus Bosch's Garden of Earthly Delights, which he was architecturally deconstructing at the time, architect and teacher Hani Rashid recounts his days as a Cranbrook student and the profound influence across the decades of those experiences on the work of his New York practice Asymptote Architecture.
Building A Dream: Fertile Ground for Social Good
Authors: Hsiao Yu‐Chih 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeduced into applying to Cranbrook by an inspiring lecture given by alumnus Joseph Wong about his experience there during Daniel Libeskind's time, artist, designer and teacher Yu‐Chih Hsiao's world expanded upon his arrival. It incorporated all manner of creative output under the enigmatic yet highly practical Head of Architecture/Architect‐in‐ Residence William E Massie, and so a course was charted that still resonates today in Yu‐Chih's work.
An Architecture of Marks: Reading Histories and Writing Futures
Authors: Eisenbach Ronit 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArchitecture and its materiality can be reread as a series of marks by an architect – traces of things metamorphosing into other things, whether by industrial processes or by handicraft. Ronit Eisenbach was a graduate of the Cranbrook Architecture Department during Architect‐in‐Residence/Head of Department Dan Hoffman's tenure. Those formative couple of years have led her to expand this perception of the world into her teaching and wider practice.
Exploratory randomized phase II trial for optimizing treatment dosage and duration of adjuvant S‐1 plus oxaliplatin in patients with stage III colon cancer: YCOG1402 (SOAP trial)
Authors: Suwa Yusuke , Watanabe Jun , Suwa Hirokazu , Ozawa Mayumi , Momiyama Masashi , Ishibe Atsushi , Nagamine Kotaro , Yamagishi Shigeru , Ota Mitsuyoshi , Fukushima Tadao , Sekido Hitoshi , Saigusa Yusuke , Endo Itaru 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionConventionally, the recommended duration of adjuvant chemotherapy of colon cancer had been 6 months. The IDEA Collaboration suggested that shortening capecitabin and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) adjuvant chemotherapy may be possible. S‐1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) treatment is standard treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer in Japan. The aim of this study was to optimize treatment dosage and duration of adjuvant SOX in stage III colon cancer.MethodsThis trial was as open‐label multi‐center randomized phase II study. Patients with stage III colon cancer were randomly assigned to 3 months or 6 months of adjuvant SOX treatment in different doses: 130 mg/m2 (3 months) or 100 mg/m2 (6 months) of oxaliplatin. The primary endpoint was 3‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and the null hypothesis for the primary endpoint was that the 3‐year DFS was ≤72% in each arm and was tested with a one‐sided significance level of 10%.ResultsEighty‐two patients were assigned to the 6 months arm and 81 to the 3 months arm. The 3‐year DFS was 75.0% (80% CI 67.95–80.72, p = 0.282) in the 6 months arm and 76.9% (80% CI 70.1–82.38, p = 0.171) in the 3 months arm. Treatment completion rate and relative dose intensity (RDI) were higher in 3 months than 6 months arm. The adverse events (AE) were similar in both arms.ConclusionsThe 3‐year DFS was not significantly superior to null hypothesis in both 3 months and 6 months arms for the stage III colon cancer. Primary endpoint was not achieved. The SOX regimen was not feasible in long‐term outcomes.
HRCT‐MRI fusion: A novel imaging protocol surpasses current modalities in localizing spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks
Authors: Goyal Sabrina S. , Everett Travis , Reis Martin , Fox Farrell Nyssa , Parsons Matthew S. , Roland Lauren T. , Schneider John S. 
Published: May 2023

Key points
HRCT‐MRI fusion is a new imaging modality that can be used to diagnose spontaneous CSF leaks.
HRCT‐MRI fusion has better accuracy in localizing CSF leaks compared to MRI and HRCT alone.
Mechanistic insights for nickel catalyzed light‐assisted carbon–sulfur cross‐coupling reaction
Authors: da Silva Beatriz A. L. , dos Santos Beatriz F. , Domingues Nelson Luís C. 
Published: May 2023

The C–S cross‐coupling reaction is a very efficient and powerful tool for constructing C–S bonds. Despite the well‐reported C–S cross‐coupling protocols using aryl halides, this reaction using sp2‐hybridized nonaromatic halides is still challenging. Herein, we report light‐assisted C–S cross‐coupling between thiols and 5‐chlorobenzofurazan under blue LED irradiation. We used a new nickel catalyst to synthesize 11 unpublished compounds. Furthermore, we assessed the mechanism and the influence of light irradiation on this reaction and proposed a plausible mechanism that is mediated by the excited state of the nickel catalyst promoted by irradiation with blue light and the C–S coupling product formed. Notably, C–S cross‐coupling under light irradiation was performed for the first time using a nickel catalyst in the absence of an external photocatalyst. We demonstrated that because nickel has a low energy barrier for oxidative addition, this protocol proceeded efficiently using chlorine as a leaving group, and the excited state of the nickel catalyst promoted reductive elimination with a lower energy barrier. It is important to mention that the procedure was tolerated by many functional groups within the thiol, affording a greater than 99% yield after reacting for 6 h.
Effect of molecular weight on properties of polyarylene ether nitrile‐based flexible copper clad laminate
Authors: Zhang Wanru , He Liang , Wang Ting , Liu Xiaobo , Tong Lifen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA series of Polyarylene ether nitriles (PENs) with different molecular weights were synthesized and studied the effect of molecular weight size on the performance of PEN and PEN‐based flexible copper clad laminate (FCCL). It shows that these PENs have excellent thermal properties with Tg > 200°C, T5% > 500°C, and a long service life at 200°C (2.64 × 103 min, 95 wt% of the residual weight). The tensile mechanical properties of PENs increase gradually as the molecular weight of PENs increases, and the water absorption decreases with the increasing molecular weight of PENs. However, the peer strength of FCCL showed an opposite trend compared to the tensile properties of pure PEN, and the PEN‐2 shows the largest peer strength of 12.79 N/cm. Combining the thermal properties, mechanical properties, water absorption rate of PENs, and the peel strength and flexibility of FCCL, PEN‐2 is considered to be the most suitable for FCCL.
Study on the mechanical, friction and wear properties of modified polyoxymethylene under free abrasive condition
Authors: Su Yongxiang , Gao Qian , Chang Yuchong , Chen Guang , Wei Changxu , Ren Chengzu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mechanical, friction and wear properties of different modified polyoxymethylene (POM) are presented in the paper under free abrasive grinding condition. The shore hardness and elastic modulus of the POM matrix increased with carbon fiber (CF) filling, its shore hardness and elastic modulus were 85 HD and 5000 MPa, respectively. The hardness and elastic modulus of the POM matrix decreased with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and graphite (C) filling. The average coefficient of friction of POM was 0.254. When PTFE, CF, and graphite were added, the coefficient of friction of the POM would be reduced under free abrasive condition. The coefficient of friction of POM filled with PTFE or graphite was about 0.15, the coefficient of friction of POM filled with CF was about 0.18. It could be seen from the orthogonal test analysis that the wear resistance of four types of materials was CF‐POM > POM > PTFE‐POM > C‐POM. When the test duration was 1.5 h, the wear amount of C‐POM was between 3 and 9 mg, the wear amount of CF‐POM was less than 1.23 mg. The speed and load were the main factors affecting the wear amount of these materials, followed by the abrasive particle diameter, and the abrasive mass fraction had the least effect on them.
Facile synthesis of ZIF‐67@PVA/CA nanofibrous aerogel as efficient and recyclable catalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants through peroxymonosulfate activation
Authors: Jiang Guojun , Wang Jiajun , Song Yuanyuan , Chen Weizhong , Ye Yvnuo , Zeng Xingyao , Feng Yujie , Zhang Caidan , Zhang Sai , Ye Xiangyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of the most promising advanced heterogeneous catalysts for the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade organic contaminants in water, and have been extensively studied. However, MOFs in powder form usually have the disadvantage of poor separation and regeneration, making it significantly challenging for practical applications. In this study, ultralight zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67@poly(vinyl alcohol)/citric acid nanofibrous aerogel (ZIF‐67@PVA/CA NFA) was prepared by a convenient and facile in‐situ growth method and it had excellent catalytic efficiency and recyclability. The factors affecting the activation of PMS by ZIF‐67@PVA/CA NFA, such as PMS concentration, reaction temperature, solution pH, and organic pollutant concentration, were investigated. Taking advantage of the distinctive structural characteristics of MOF and nanofibrous aerogels, the obtained ZIF‐67@PVA/CA NFA exhibited ultralow density, hierarchical porosity, remarkably high catalytic activity for activation of PMS for the degradation of organic pollutants. Furthermore, ZIF‐67@PVA/CA NFA also displayed excellent recyclability along with retention of high catalytic stability. The present study provides a new strategy for the efficient fabrication of three‐dimensional heterogeneous catalyst for the activation of PMS, with great potential in wastewater treatment.
Advances in the application of label‐free quantitative proteomics techniques in malignancy research
Authors: Meng Xiao , Liu Dong , Guan Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProteomics is the scientific discipline that deals with the protein composition of cells, tissues, and organisms and their patterns of change. It is considered an invaluable tool for tackling many challenges faced in medicine and biology. Among the available approaches, label‐free quantitative proteomics techniques are extensively used to study malignant tumors due to their low cost, simple operation, and short cycle time. Therefore, it provides a novel approach to explore the pathogenesis, diagnostic markers, and targeted drugs of malignant tumors. Here, we summarize the research progress and potential of label‐free quantitative proteomics and discuss the application of such techniques in the research on malignancies.
Organisational drivers and sustainability implementation in the mining industry: A holistic theoretical framework
Authors: Amoah Prince , Eweje Gabriel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile few studies have examined the role of institutional pressures on sustainable business practices, there is a dearth of empirical research regarding the influence of internal organisational characteristics on sustainability implementation in developing countries. This paper examines internal organisational features and how they influence multinational companies (MNCs) operating in a resource‐rich developing country to embrace and embed sustainability into corporate policies and practices. The findings show that the history of past sustainable practices, the level of internationalisation and managerial cognition internally drive MNCs to implement sustainability in their host countries. We discuss that managerial cognition drives MNCs to embrace sustainability in non‐enabling institutional environments based on private morality and perceived ethical obligation. Accordingly, we have proposed a holistic theoretical framework for sustainability implementation based on external drivers, institutional voids and complexity and the moderating role of internal organisational features.