bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning to reconstruct quasi‐steady‐state chemical exchange saturation transfer from a non‐steady‐state experiment
Authors: Xiao Gang , Zhang Xiaolei , Yang Guisheng , Jia Yanlong , Yan Gen , Wu Renhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe insufficiently long RF saturation duration and relaxation delay in chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)‐MRI experiments may result in underestimation of CEST measurements. To maintain the CEST effect without prolonging the saturation duration and reach quasi‐steady state (QUASS), a deep learning method was developed to reconstruct a QUASS CEST image pixel by pixel from non‐steady‐state CEST acquired in experiments. In this work, we established a tumor‐bearing rat model on a 7 T horizontal bore small‐animal MRI scanner, allowing ground‐truth generation, after which a bidirectional long short‐term memory network was formulated and trained on simulated CEST Z‐spectra to reconstruct the QUASS CEST; finally, the ground truth yielded by experiments was used to evaluate the performance of the reconstruction model by comparing the estimates with the ground truth. For quantitation evaluation, linear regression analysis, structural similarity index (SSIM) and peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (peak SNR) were used to assess the proposed model in the QUASS CEST reconstruction. In the linear regression analysis of in vivo data, the coefficient of determination for six different representative frequency offsets was at least R2 = 0.9521. Using the SSIM and peak SNR as evaluation metrics, the reconstruction accuracies of in vivo QUASS CEST were found to be 0.9991 and 46.7076, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model provides a robust and accurate solution for QUASS CEST reconstruction using a deep learning mechanism.
Anderson accelerated fixed‐point iteration for multilinear PageRank
Authors: Lai Fuqi , Li Wen , Peng Xiaofei , Chen Yannan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we apply the Anderson acceleration technique to the existing relaxation fixed‐point iteration for solving the multilinear PageRank. In order to reduce computational cost, we further consider the periodical version of the Anderson acceleration. The convergence of the proposed algorithms is discussed. Numerical experiments on synthetic and real‐world datasets are performed to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithms over the relaxation fixed‐point iteration and the extrapolated shifted fixed‐point method. In particular, we give a strategy for choosing the quasi‐optimal parameters of the associated algorithms when they are applied to solve the test problems with different sizes but the same structure.
A discontinuous Galerkin method for the Camassa‐Holm‐Kadomtsev‐Petviashvili type equations
Authors: Zhang Qian , Xu Yan , Liu Yue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper develops a high‐order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for the Camassa‐Holm‐Kadomtsev‐Petviashvili (CH‐KP) type equations on Cartesian meshes. The significant part of the simulation for the CH‐KP type equations lies in the treatment for the integration operator . Our proposed DG method deals with it element by element, which is efficient and applicable to most solutions. Using the instinctive energy of the original PDE as a guiding principle, the DG scheme can be proved as an energy stable numerical scheme. In addition, the semi‐discrete error estimates results for the nonlinear case are derived without any priori assumption. Several numerical experiments demonstrate the capability of our schemes for various types of solutions.
Robust polyamide 66 composites with hybrid fillers for thermal management and electromagnetic shielding
Authors: Wu Bozhen , Yang Yuhao , Zhu Kaiqi , Liu Shengyang , Liu Renrong , Zhu Honghao , Li Yulin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCarbon materials have been widely used in multifunctional composites with their high electrical and thermal conductivities. However, most current research focuses on nanocarbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, ignoring their high cost, inability to mass‐produce, and poor dispersion in polymers. To address these issues, we propose one‐step melt‐blending of commercial carbon materials to construct conductive pathways in polymer matrix. Thus, low‐cost and robust polymer composites can be fabricated in a green and scalable way to achieve efficient thermal management and avoid electromagnetic radiation pollution. Here, a continuous network of carbon materials with orientation‐aligned carbon fibers and well‐dispersed mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) induced by melt blending is shown to be an ideal structure for thermally conductive (1.77 W m−1 K−1) electromagnetic shielding (46.9 dB) composites. In addition, the excellent mechanical properties (tensile strength 162.7 MPa and flexural strength 250 MPa) and absorption property (39.4 dB) exhibited by the composites under the optimized filler ratio also really broaden the way for the preparation of high‐strength wave absorbing materials by melt blending. This work provides a general strategy for large‐scale production of thermally conductive electromagnetic shielding composites and opens up possibilities for the application of MCMBs in high‐power electronic devices.
Host defense peptides identified in human apolipoprotein B as natural food bio‐preservatives: Evaluation of their biosafety and digestibility
Authors: Dell'Olmo Eliana , Pane Katia , Schibeci Martina , Cesaro Angela , De Luca Maria , Ismail Shurooq , Gaglione Rosa , Arciello Angela 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe employment of chemical agents in the food industry is raising several concerns by consumers and is leading to an increasing interest in natural food preservatives. Among alternatives, host defense peptides (HDPs) have attracted great interest for their ability to preserve food samples from contamination without altering their quality, taste, and organoleptic properties. Recently, we evaluated the applicability of ApoB‐derived peptides as novel food bio‐preservatives and demonstrated their ability to prevent chicken meat sample contamination when immobilized on chitosan films. To perform a further step towards the applicability of these peptides in the food field, here we evaluated peptides biosafety and digestibility. To do this, we used a multidisciplinary approach including the evaluation of the peptides' toxicity and antimicrobial activity, the analysis of resistance phenotype development, an in silico prediction of the peptides' susceptibility to proteases and the evaluation of the peptides' stability in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. ApoB‐derived peptides were found to be nontoxic when tested on human gastric carcinoma cells SNU‐1 and on human colon‐rectal adenocarcinoma cells HT‐29, and not to induce resistance phenotype in Salmonella strains. Bioinformatic analyses showed that the peptides are susceptible to several proteases, as also confirmed by experiments in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. Altogether these findings open interesting perspectives to the future applicability of ApoB‐derived peptides as novel food biopreservatives.
Metrology and visualization analysis of literatures related to tumor immunotherapy based on CiteSpace
Authors: Ma Weidong , Xu Zhiyun , Wang Qianwei , Zhang Zhenzhong , Tang Derong , Zhao Jianqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo explore the development of global tumor immunotherapy in the past 20 years, and analyze the research status, hotspots and trends to provide theoretical support for subsequent research. CiteSpace 5.6.R2 software were used to analyze 290 articles related to tumor immunotherapy research from the Web of Science core data set from 2000 to 2019. CiteSpace was used to draw related visual maps and tables of coauthors, cooperating countries, cooperating institutions, literature and journal co‐citation, keyword co‐occurrence, and cluster analysis. The total amount of papers published in the field of tumor immunotherapy research has gradually increased. After receiving the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2018, the number of papers published in the field of research in tumor research reached 20. We found that the United States has the largest number of papers in all countries and China ranks 6. “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,” “Journal of Immunology,” “Cancer Research,” “New England Journal of Medicine,” “Blood” is the top five core academic journals in this field. Cancer, disease, and tumor necrosis factor are the three keywords with the highest highlighting intensity. Comprehensive analysis shows that the coauthors, co‐institutions, and co‐cited journals of the literature are mostly concentrated in the United States. The rise of immunotherapy provides a new direction for tumor treatment. From 2018 to 2019, the number of literatures on tumor immunotherapy worldwide increased sharply. Immunotherapy combined with specific diseases is the current research frontier and hotspot.
Spatiotemporal health surveillance accounting for risk factors and spatial correlation
Authors: Vanli O. Arda , Alawad Nour 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMost of the current public health surveillance methods used in epidemiological studies to identify hotspots of diseases assume that the regional disease case counts are independently distributed and they lack the ability of adjusting for confounding covariates. This article proposes a new approach that uses a simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model, a popular spatial regression approach, within the classical space‐time cumulative sum (CUSUM) framework for detecting changes in the spatial distribution of count data while accounting for risk factors and spatial correlation. We develop expressions for the likelihood ratio test monitoring statistics based on a SAR model with covariates, leading to the proposed space‐time CUSUM test statistic. The effectiveness of the proposed monitoring approach in detecting and identifying step shifts is studied by simulation of various shift scenarios in regional counts. A case study for monitoring regional COVID‐19 infection counts while adjusting for social vulnerability, often correlated with a community's susceptibility towards disease infection, is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed methodology in public health surveillance.
Prolonged response to first‐generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor in a metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer harbouring complex G719X and S768I mutations: A case report from Vietnam and literature review
Authors: Do Kien Hung , Le Duc Thanh , Van Nguyen Tai , Do Tu Anh , Van Nguyen Chu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA complex of G719X and S768I mutations is infrequently observed, constituting less than 0.3% of all EGFR‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the response to first‐line TKIs is inconsistent in the literature. In this study, we report a patient with metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer carrying rare EGFR compound mutations of G719X and S768I who benefited from first‐line treatment with gefitinib in Vietnam. This patient had a prolonged response lasting over 44 months with first‐generation TKI. He continued to take gefitinib without experiencing serious adverse events. NSCLC with a rare complex of G719X and S768I mutation revealed a good response to gefitinib.
Model reference adaptive control based on a novel scalar update law
Authors: Yan Fang , Hou Xiaorong , Tian Tingting 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper puts forward a model reference adaptive control (MRAC) framework with a compensator based on a novel scalar update law for the dynamical systems with matched uncertainty. The scalar update law is given by an algebraic expression of basis functions and system errors. The main advantage of the proposed MRAC framework is that only a scalar function requires updating online such that the architecture is simple and the computational burden in the existing results can be relieved. Furthermore, the asymptotic stability of the system error dynamics is guaranteed by the proposed controller. Two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MRAC framework.
Transition to sustainable development in the tanning industry: Evidence from leather value chain in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Paul Bino , Shaji Rahul , Patnaik Unmesh , Pulikkamath Ashraf , Ahmed Irfan , Ghosh Soumen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), while balancing the three dimensions of sustainability, are latent about the pathways to achieve it. The transition may involve trade‐offs between the different dimensions of sustainable development, like balancing the socio‐economic dimension with environmental limits. The paper attempts to demonstrate some of these channels for the leather value chain in India, which is a conspicuous source of precarious labour and polluting industrial processes. Interacting the firm's objectives with value chain governance, we introduce four quadrants for the transition to sustainability. Combining voices from the field with a novel dataset, we provide evidence of the intersections between socio‐economic and environmental sustainability illustrative of countries in the global South. The precarity of work and inadequate upgrading of the production process co‐exist in most firms. We find that firms tend to hover around baseline economies of lower costs, work precarity and hazardous processes while exhibiting inertia for a transition. However, a few units are either transitioning or have nearly attained decent work practices and progress to cleaner technologies. The sustainability transition demands engagement in the social and economic upgrading of production processes and organisational practices. It is multi‐dimensional, ameliorating precarious labour and upgrading to cleaner technologies.
Artificial photosynthesis bringing new vigor into plastic wastes
Authors: Kang Sailei , Sun Tao , Ma Yingxin , Du Mengmeng , Gong Mingfu , Zhou Chunyu , Chai Yang , Qiu Bocheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe accumulation of plastic wastes in landfills and the environment threatens our environment and public health, while leading to the loss of potential carbon resources. The urgent necessary lies in developing an energy‐saving and environmentally benign approach to upgrade plastic into value‐added chemicals. Artificial photosynthesis holds the ability to realize plastic upcycling by using endless solar energy under mild conditions, but remains in the initial stage for plastic upgrading. In this review, we aim to look critically at the photocatalytic conversion of plastic wastes from the perspective of resource reutilization. To begin with, we present the emerging conversion routes for plastic wastes and highlight the advantages of artificial photosynthesis for processing plastic wastes. By parsing photocatalytic plastic conversion process, we demonstrate the currently available routes for processing plastic, including plastic photodegradation, tandem decomposition of plastic and CO2 reduction, selective plastic oxidation, as well as photoreforming of plastic. This review concludes with a personal perspective for potential advances and emerging challenges in photocatalytic plastic conversion.
Basic fibroblast growth factor‐loaded methacrylate gelatin hydrogel microspheres for spinal nerve regeneration
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Ren Lei , Zhang Hui , Hu Yangnan , Liao Menghui , Shen Yingbo , Wang Kaichen , Cai Jiaying , Cheng Hong , Guo Jiamin , Qi Yanru , Wei Hao , Li Xiaokun , Shang Luoran , Xiao Jian , Sun Jingwu , Chai Renjie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpinal cord injury is a severe central nervous system injury, and developing appropriate drug delivery platforms for spinal nerve regeneration is highly anticipated. Here, we propose a basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)‐loaded methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel microsphere with ideal performances for spinal cord injury repair. Benefitting from the precise droplet manipulation capability of the microfluidic technology, the GelMA microspheres possess uniform and satisfactory size and good stability. More importantly, by taking advantage of the porous structures and facile chemical modification of the GelMA microspheres, bFGF could be easily loaded and gradually released. By co‐culturing with neural stem cells, it is validated that the bFGF‐loaded GelMA microspheres could effectively promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. We also confirm the effective role of the bFGF‐loaded GelMA microspheres in nerve repair of spinal cord injury in rats. Our results demonstrate the potential value of the microspheres for applications in repairing central nervous system injuries.
Selective purification of quercetin using covalently crosslinked chitosan
Authors: Govindarajan Vinitha Udhayabanu , Muthuraman Meenakshi Sundaram 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuercetin is known for potent biomedical applications and selective purification of quercetin is the need of the hour. To achieve selective adsorption of quercetin, we have prepared chitosan resin grafted with quercetin. Chitosan is a polysaccharide that is derived from chitin. The shells of shrimp, crabs, and lobster are crucial for the extraction of chitin. After cellulose, chitin was the second most abundant polysaccharide and chitosan was derived by deacetylation of chitin. Chitosan was justified to be a better bio‐adsorbent because of its low cost and outstanding chelating efficiency. Chitosan was covalently cross‐linked to improve its mechanical stability. Herein, Quercetin grafted chitosan resin (QICR) was prepared, where adsorption occurs by hydrophobic interaction between 2‐phenyl‐chromones structure in resin and quercetin in bulk solution. Prepared QICR was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for confirmation of quercetin grafted in chitosan. The porosity of the prepared resin was confirmed by Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. The adsorption capacity of QICR was calculated for both static and dynamic modes and it was found to be approximately equal. The equilibrium data obtained from the adsorption studies were analyzed for isotherm models. Prepared QICR fits better with Langmuir adsorption isotherm with an R2 value of 0.98. Quercetin adsorption was analyzed for kinetic studies, in which pseudo‐second order describes the adsorption. The desorption capacity of quercetin was also calculated in dynamic mode. The present study reveals that prepared QICR would be a better choice for the selective adsorption of quercetin.
Interobserver agreement of computed tomography in detecting calcified intervertebral discs in comparison with radiography in a population of 13 healthy British Dachshund dogs
Authors: Formoso Sara , Khan Sam , Lowrie Mark , Hughes Jonathan , Freeman Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this retrospective study were to estimate interobserver agreement in detecting disc calcification with computed tomography (CT) and to compare the number of calcified intervertebral discs identified on CT and radiography in healthy British Dachshund dogs that underwent a screening programme. The current screening programme uses radiography to identify calcified intervertebral discs.MethodsHealthy Dachshunds aged between 2 and 5 years presenting for spinal radiography and CT as part of a disc scoring scheme were included. The spinal radiographs were scored by an independent assessor as per the screening programme protocol. The CT images were blinded and reviewed by three different observers of differing levels of experience. The number of discs identified as being calcified was then compared between imaging modalities and between observers.ResultsThirteen dogs were included. Overall, 146 calcified discs were identified by CT compared with 42 by radiography. There was an almost perfect agreement among the three observers identifying calcified discs with CT images (k = 0.92). There was a significant difference between the radiography scores and CT scores.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a significant difference in the number of calcified intervertebral discs identified in the vertebral column of a small population of healthy Dachshunds between CT and radiography. Given the high agreement between the observers with CT, this may be a reliable method for assessing disc calcification in Dachshund dogs and could be a good candidate for future breeding schemes.
On the numerical properties of high‐order spectral (Euler‐Bernoulli) beam elements
Authors: Eisenträger Sascha , Kapuria Santosh , Jain Mayank , Zhang Junqi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the numerical properties of a recently developed high‐order Spectral Euler‐Bernoulli Beam Element (SBE) featuring a C1‐continuous approximation of the displacement field are assessed. The C1‐continuous shape functions are based on two main ingredients, which are an Hermitian interpolation scheme and the use of Gauß‐Lobatto‐Legendre (GLL) points. Employing GLL‐points does not only avoid Runge oscillations, but also yields a diagonal mass matrix when exploiting the nodal quadrature technique as a mass lumping scheme. Especially in high‐frequency transient analyses, where often explicit time integration schemes are utilized, having a diagonal mass matrix is an attractive property of the proposed element formulation. This is, however, achieved at the cost of an under‐integration of the mass matrix. Therefore, a special focus of this paper is placed on the evaluation of the numerical properties, such as the conditioning of the element matrices and the attainable rates of convergence (ROCs). To this end, the numerical behavior of the SBEs is comprehensively analyzed by means of selected benchmark examples. In a nutshell, the obtained results demonstrate that the element yields good accuracy in combination with an increased efficiency for structural dynamics exploiting the diagonal structure of the mass matrix.
Renewable Energies, Sustainability and Law
Authors: da Silva Suzana Tavares , Martins António Gomes 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRenewable energies are considered by many the driving force of the economy of our future society. However, there is a difference between reality and the perception of the situation by governments, economic players, and communities. We need more transparency, simplification, and data communication skills towards a committed involvement of all stakeholders.Geopolitics and technological development are two drivers of a common issue. They are, though, not necessarily aligned with energy and climate political goals. Globally, we find different problems and solutions in the two hemispheres. In the EU, problems and solutions are common throughout the Union, but some political hesitation prevails.We need innovative solutions for a smooth transition to a market organization that includes renewables and accurate risk management in investment programmes.
Environmental Governance Through Tax Law in the European Union
Authors: Villar Ezcurra Marta , González-Orús Jerónimo Maillo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe contribution considers critical issues in European environmental governance, focusing on the role of legal principles, fundamentals and competences, and also a review of sectoral legislation in the field of taxation related to EU climate, environment and energy policies. The role of tax harmonisation to favour the ecological transition, the ‘Fit for 55’ legislative package and the reform of the EU’s own resources are some of the topics specifically addressed. For the ambitious strategy of the European green deal to be truly successful, governance must be strengthened, especially in the areas of environment, energy and taxation, because it is necessary to mobilise investments and plan infrastructures and interconnections. The intersection between fiscal and competition policy (above all State Aid Law) can also play a very important role in fostering the right green investments, both from Member States and private actors.