bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Illumination Enhanced Crystallization and Defect Passivation for High Performance CsPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells by Sacrificing Dye
Authors: Zhang Na , Wang Jungang , Duan Yuwei , Yang Shaomin , Xu Dongfang , Lei Xuruo , Wu Meizi , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jianning , Cui Jian , Liu Zhike 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been the research focus due to their high thermal stability and proper band gap for tandem solar cells. However, their power conversion efficiency (PCE) is still lower than that of organic‐inorganic hybrid PSCs. Herein, a sacrificing dye (Rhodamine B isothiocyanate, RBITC) is developed to regulate the growth of perovskite film by in situ release of ethylammonium cations, isothiocyanate anions and benzoic acid molecules upon annealing and illumination. The ethylammonium cations can efficiently passivate surface defects. The isothiocyanate anions incorporate with uncoordinated Pb to regulate the crystallization process. The benzoic acid molecules facilitate the nucleation of the perovskite crystals. Especially, the illumination can accelerate the release of these beneficial ions/molecules to improve the quality of perovskite films further. After optimization with RBITC, a high open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.24 V and a champion PCE of 20.95% are obtained, which are among the highest Voc and PCE values of CsPbI3 PSCs. Accordingly, the operational stability of the PSC devices is significantly improved. The results provide an efficient chemical strategy to regulate the formation of perovskite films in whole crystallization process for high performance all‐inorganic PSCs.
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature Mechanoluminescence and Persistent Luminescence
Authors: Liu Xueqing , Zhang Liangliang , Wang Dandan , Wang Dengkui , Shen He , Wu Hao , Wu Huajun , Pan Guohui , Hao Zhendong , Liu Feng , Zhang Jiahua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs novel stress‐sensing materials, the reported mechanoluminescence (ML) phosphors work only at or above room temperature. Herein, the ML response to low temperatures (77 K) is extended by employing ultra‐shallow traps. Strong ML stimulated by handwriting force followed by persistent luminescence is observed in BaSi2O2N2:Eu2+ (BSON) at 77 K. The UV pre‐irradiated BSON can still keep the characteristics of ML with 45% intensity after 300 min. Abundant ultra‐shallow traps with depth of ≈0.19 eV are found and revealed to be responsible for the low‐temperature ML and persistent luminescence. Manipulation of the ultra‐shallow traps is realized by doping Ge, Er, and Ce ions in BSON, leading to significant ML enhancement at 77 K. Together with ML, the ultra‐shallow traps also exhibit force memory ability to replicate the pre‐applied force pattern simply by afterglow. The finding advances the state‐of‐the‐art in force sensing under low temperature conditions.
Contact Electrification at Adhesive Interface: Boosting Charge Transfer for High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Shi Kunming , Chai Bin , Zou Haiyang , Wen Zhen , He Meng , Chen Jie , Jiang Pingkai , Huang Xingyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCharge transfer, a decisive feature for surface charge density in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), differs in quantity and species at different contact interfaces. Regarded as the main electrification mechanism, electron transfer has been extensively investigated in constructing high‐performance tribo‐materials and TENGs, in which material transfer has been always neglected. Here, it is demonstrated that material transfer is a crucial electrification mechanism for adhesive polymers in contact electrification, and plays a dominant role in boosting charge transfer and TENG performance. Specifically, as a new strategy for utilizing the adhesion capability, this study introduces the stabilized poly(thioctic acid) adhesives as tribo‐materials to maximize contact electrification. With material transfer at the adhesive interface, abundant mechanoions are generated through covalent bond cleavage and higher charge density is obtained from the triboelectric pairs with larger interfacial adhesion force. Under a gentle triggering condition (5 N, 1 Hz), the TENG can achieve a high charge density of 14.65 nC∙cm−2, with a maximum output power density of 10 W∙m−2. Furthermore, the TENG exhibits unique frequency‐insensitive, pressure‐ and temperature‐enhanced output characteristics. This study provides new insight into constructing high‐performance TENGs using adhesives and highlights the indispensable role of material transfer in polymer contact electrification.
Engineering Single‐Layer Hollow Structure of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with High 1T‐Phase Purity for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li Binjie , Nie Kunkun , Zhang Yujia , Yi Lixin , Yuan Yanling , Chong Shaokun , Liu Zhengqing , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRational design and controllable synthesis of hollow structures based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained tremendous attention in the field of clean energy. However, the general synthetic strategies to fabricate single‐layer hollow structures of TMDs, especially with unconventional phases (e.g., 1T or 1T′), still pose significant challenges. Herein, a scalable method is reported for the synthesis of single‐layer hollow spheres (SLHS) of TMDs with high 1T‐phase purity by etching bismuth (Bi) cores from pre‐synthesized Bi@TMDs core–shell heterostructures including SLHS‐1T‐MoS2, SLHS‐1T‐MoSe2, SLHS‐1T‐WS2, and SLHS‐1T‐WSe2. Additionally, the etched Bi ions can be adsorbed on the single‐layer TMDs shells in the form of single atoms (SAs) via the Bi─S bond. Due to the benefits of the single‐layer hollow structure, high conductivity of 1T phase, and synergistic effect of Bi SAs and TMDs supports, the fabricated SLHS‐1T‐MoS2 exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen production. This work provides a way to manufacture advanced functional materials based on the single‐layer hollow structures of 1T‐TMDs and to expand their applications.
Flexible Carbon Nanotube‐Epitaxially Grown Nanocrystals for Micro‐Thermoelectric Modules
Authors: Jin Qun , Zhao Yang , Long Xuehao , Jiang Song , Qian Cheng , Ding Feng , Wang Ziqiang , Li Xiaoqi , Yu Zhi , He Juan , Song Yujie , Yu Hailong , Wan Ye , Tai Kaiping , Gao Ning , Tan Jun , Liu Chang , Cheng Hui‐Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlexible thermoelectric materials have attracted increasing interest because of their potential use in thermal energy harvesting and high‐spatial‐resolution thermal management. However, a high‐performance flexible micro‐thermoelectric device (TED) compatible with the microelectronics fabrication process has not yet been developed. Here a universal epitaxial growth strategy is reported guided by 1D van der Waals‐coupling, to fabricate freestanding and flexible hybrids comprised of single‐wall carbon nanotubes and ordered (Bi,Sb)2Te3 nanocrystals. High power factors ranging from ≈1680 to ≈1020 µW m−1 K−2 in the temperature range of 300–480 K, combined with a low thermal conductivity yield a high average figure of merit of ≈0.81. The fabricated flexible micro‐TED module consisting of two p–n couples of freestanding thermoelectric hybrids has an unprecedented open circuit voltage of ≈22.7 mV and a power density of ≈0.36 W cm−2 under ≈30 K temperature difference, and a net cooling temperature of ≈22.4 K and a heat absorption density of ≈92.5 W cm−2.
An Ultra‐Thin MXene Film for Multimodal Sensing of Neuroelectrical Signals with Artifacts Removal
Authors: Song Dekui , Li Xueli , Jang Myeongjin , Lee Yangjin , Zhai Yu , Hu Wenya , Yan Hongping , Zhang Song , Chen Luyao , Lu Chunming , Kim Kwanpyo , Liu Nan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeuroelectrical signals transmitted onto the skin tend to decay to an extremely weak level, making them highly susceptible to interference from the environment and body movement. Meanwhile, for comprehensively understanding cognitive nerve conduction, multimodal sensing of neural signals, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), is highly required. Previous metal or polymer conductors cannot either provide a seamless on‐skin feature for accurate sensing of neuroelectrical signals or be compatible with multimodal imaging techniques without opto‐ and magnet‐ artifacts. Herein, a ≈20 nm thick MXene film that is able to simultaneously detect electrophysiological signals and perform imaging by MRI and fNIRS with high fidelity is reported. The ultrathin film is made of crosslinked Ti3C2Tx film via poly (3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS), showing a record high electroconductivity and transparency combination (11 000 S cm−1@89%). Among them, PEDOT: PSS not only plays a cross‐linking role to stabilize MXene film but also shortens the interlayer distance for effective charge transfer and high transparency. Thus, it can achieve a low interfacial impedance with skin or neural surfaces for accurate recording of electrophysiological signals with low motion artifacts. Besides, the high transparency originating from the ultrathin feature leads to good compatibility with fNIRS and MRI without optical and magnetic artifacts, enabling multimodal cognitive neural monitoring during prolonged use.
Skin Thermal Management for Subcutaneous Photoelectric Conversion Reaching 500 mW
Authors: Lyu Shanzhi , He Yonglin , Li Xinlei , Wang HaoYi , Yao Yuge , Peng Zhimin , Ding Yanjun , Wang Yapei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite possessing higher tissue transmittance and maximum permissible exposure power density for skin relative to other electromagnetic waves, second near‐infrared light (1000–1350 nm) is scarcely applicable to subcutaneous photoelectric conversion, owing to the companion photothermal effect. Here, skin thermal management is conceived to utmostly utilize the photothermal effect of a photovoltaic cell, which not only improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency but also eliminates skin hyperthermia. In vivo, the output power can be higher than 500 mW with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 9.4%. This output power is promising to recharge all the clinically applied implantable devices via wireless power transmission, that is, clinical pacemakers (6–200 µW), drug pumps (0.5–2 mW), cochlear (5–40 mW), and wireless endo‐photo cameras (≈100 mW).
Divergent Mechanistic Scenarios for the C−sp2 and C−sp3 C−H Insertion of Aurated Aryl Cations
Authors: Bucher Janina , Wurm Thomas , Farshadfar Kaveh , Schukin Michael , Uzunidis Georgios , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Ariafard Alireza , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBy employing the sterically highly demanding steering ligand IPr* at a gold(I) center, it is possible to induce a 6‐endo‐dig cyclization pathway in 1,5‐diynes bearing terminal alkyne moieties. The resulting aurated naphthyl cations are utilized for the intermolecular formation of C−C bonds via C−H insertion of aromatic and aliphatic C−H bonds. The mechanisms of these transformations were studied by quantum chemical calculations.
3D Printing Hierarchically Nano‐Ordered Structures
Authors: Weidinger Britta , Yang Guohui , von Coelln Nadine , Nirschl Hermann , Wacker Irene , Tegeder Petra , Schröder Rasmus R. , Blasco Eva 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNatural materials are composed of a limited number of molecular building blocks and their exceptional properties are governed by their hierarchical structure. However, this level of precision is unattainable with current state‐of‐the‐art materials for 3D printing. Herein, new self‐assembled printable materials based on block copolymers (BCPs) enabling precise control of the nanostructure in 3D are presented. In particular, well‐defined BCPs consisting of poly(styrene) (PS) and a polymethacrylate‐based copolymer decorated with printable units are selected as suitable self‐assembled materials and synthesized using controlled radical polymerization. The synthesized library of BCPs are utilized as printable formulations for the fabrication of complex 3D microstructures using two‐photon laser printing. By fine‐tuning the BCP composition and solvent in the formulations, the fabrication of precise 3D nano‐ordered structures is demonstrated for the first time. A key point of this work is the achievement of controlled nano‐order within the entire 3D structures. Thus, imaging of the cross‐sections of the 3D printed samples is performed, enabling the visualization also from the inside. The presented versatile approach is expected to create new avenues for the precise design of functional polymer materials suitable for high‐resolution 3D printing exhibiting tailor‐made nanostructures.
Synthesis and Functionalization of Spirocyclic Compounds Derived from Tetrahydrobenzoxazol‐2‐ones
Authors: Ramírez‐Candelero Tania I. , González‐González Carlos A. , Fuentes‐Benítes Aydeé , Díaz‐Torres Eduardo , Tamariz Joaquín , Toscano Rubén A. , Mastachi‐Loza Salvador 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpirocyclic compounds have been extensively studied in recent years. Due to their wide variety of properties, they have a broad range of industrial and pharmacological applications. This has stimulated interest in the synthesis of new derivatives. The aim of the current contribution was to synthesize new multifunctional spirocyclic compounds from tetrahydrobenzoxazolones, which served as versatile starting products for the elaboration of more complex molecules. The spirocyclic compounds were then functionalized in different ways.
Dynamic Kinetic Stereoselective Glycosylation via RhII and Chiral Phosphoric Acid‐Cocatalyzed Carbenoid Insertion to the Anomeric OH Bond for the Synthesis of Glycoconjugates
Authors: Wu Jicheng , Jia Peijing , Kuniyil Rositha , Liu Peng , Tang Weiping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChemical synthesis of glycoconjugates is essential for studying the biological functions of carbohydrates. We herein report an efficient approach for the stereoselective synthesis of challenging α‐linked glycoconjugates via a RhII/chiral phosphoric acid (CPA)‐cocatalyzed dynamic kinetic anomeric O‐alkylation of sugar‐derived lactols via carbenoid insertion to the anomeric OH bond. Notably, we observed excellent anomeric selectivity, excellent diastereoselectivity, broad substrate scope, and high efficiency for this glycosylation reaction by exploring various parameters of the cocatalytic system. DFT calculations suggested that the anomeric selectivity was mainly determined by steric interactions between the C2‐carbon of the carbohydrate and the phenyl group of the metal carbenoid, while π/π interactions with the C2−OBn substituent on the carbohydrate substrate play a significant role for diastereoselectivity at the newly generated stereogenic center.
Performance comparison of semi‐conductive shielding layer for high‐voltage cable based on polypropylene and low density polyethylene resin
Authors: Liu Lu , Liu Tianyao , Li Xuejing , Duan Yubing , Hu Xiaoli , Wei Yanhui , Li Guochang , Hao Chuncheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the concept of environmental protection is deeply popular, the power cables change from traditional thermosetting cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables to low‐carbon, environmentally friendly, recyclable polypropylene (PP) cables and the semi‐conductive shielding layer that matches the insulation layer for PP cables is highly valued. In this paper, LDPE is replaced with PP in the formulation of shielding layer of commercial XLPE cables. The physicochemical and electrical properties of PP/EVA/CB (PP‐based) and LDPE/EVA/CB (LDPE‐based) shielding layers were compared. The effect of interface matching characteristics on the electric field distortion was analyzed by finite element simulation software. The experimental results show that the volume resistivity of the shielding layers all tend to rise with the increasing temperature, but the resistivity of the PP‐based shielding layer has a smaller fluctuation. The PP‐based shielding layer has a smoother surface, while the space charge injected into the PP insulation layer is the lowest, about 0.433 × 10−7 C. Compared to the LDPE‐based shielding layer/insulation layer, the PP‐based shielding layer/insulation layer has a 50% reduction in interfacial electric field distortion rate. This work is an essential reference for the development for PP cables and their shielding layer selection.
First evidence of a horizontally‐acquired GH‐7 cellobiohydrolase from a longhorned beetle genome
Authors: Shin Na Ra , Pauchet Yannick 
Published: August 2023

AbstractXylophagous larvae of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera; Cerambycidae) efficiently break down polysaccharides of the plant cell wall, which make the bulk of their food, using a range of carbohydrate‐active enzymes (CAZymes). In this study, we investigated the function and evolutionary history of the first identified example of insect‐encoded members of glycoside hydrolase family 7 (GH7) derived from the Lamiinae Exocentrus adspersus. The genome of this beetle contained two genes encoding GH7 proteins located in tandem and flanked by transposable elements. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the GH7 sequences of E. adspersus were closely related to those of Ascomycete fungi, suggesting that they were acquired through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from fungi. However, they were more distantly related to those encoded by genomes of Crustacea and of protist symbionts of termites and cockroaches, supporting that the same enzyme family was recruited several times independently in Metazoa during the course of their evolution. The recombinant E. adspersus GH7 was found to primarily break down cellulose polysaccharides into cellobiose, indicating that it is a cellobiohydrolase, and could also use smaller cellulose oligomers as substrates. Additionally, the cellobiohydrolase activity was boosted by the presence of calcium chloride. Our findings suggest that the combination of GH7 cellobiohydrolases with other previously characterized endo‐β−1,4‐glucanases and β‐glucosidases allows longhorned beetles like E. adspersus to efficiently break down cellulose into monomeric glucose.
Enhancement effect of l‐cysteine on lactic acid fermentation production
Authors: Li Yongda , Yan Yongli , Chen Jihong , Zhang Zhen , Hu Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental stress resistance is still a bottleneck for economical process for l‐lactic acid fermentation. Chronological lifespan (CLS) extension has represented a promising strategy for improving stress resistance of microbial cell factories.Main methods and major resultsIn this study, addition of anti‐aging drug cysteine, a kind of extending CLS of microbial cell factories, was systematically evaluated on cell viability and l‐lactic acid production in Bacillus coagulans CICC 23843. The results revealed that 16 mm l‐cysteine supplement significantly improved l‐lactic acid titer in B. coagulans. The enhanced total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) and key enzymes activities involving in glycolytic pathway as well as differentially expressed genes involved in cysteine synthesize and cysteine precursor synthesize pathways, and fatty acid degradation pathway may help to further understand the relative mechanism of l‐cysteine effect on improving l‐lactic acid accumulation. Finally, based on 16 mm l‐cysteine supplement, a final l‐lactic acid titer of 130.5 g L−1 with l‐lactic acid productivity of 4.07 g L−1 h−1 and the conversion rate of 0.94 g g−1 total sugar was achieved in a 5 L bioreactor.Conclusions and implicationsThis study provided a valuable option for engineering lactic acid bacteria lifespan for enhancement of lactic acid yield.
The potential mechanism of Choulingdan mixture in improving acute lung injury based on HPLC–Q‐TOF–MS, network pharmacology and in vivo experiments
Authors: Wang Lili , Li Zhengyan , Lu Tulin , Su Lianlin , Mao Chunqin , Zhang Yiting , Zhang Xinrui , Jiang Xiaofeng , Xie Hui , Yu Xiaoling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChoulingdan mixture (CLDM) is an empirical clinical prescription for the adjuvant treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). CLDM has been used for almost 30 years in the clinic. However, its mechanism for improving ALI still needs to be investigated. In this study, high‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (HPLC–Q‐TOF–MS/MS) was applied to characterize the overall chemical composition of CLDM. A total of 93 ingredients were characterized, including 25 flavonoids, 20 organic acids, 11 saponins, nine terpenoids, seven tannins and 21 other compounds. Then network pharmacology was applied to predict the potential bioactive components, target genes and signaling pathways of CLDM in improving ALI. Additionally, molecular docking was performed to demonstrate the interaction between the active ingredients and the disease targets. Finally, animal experiments further confirmed that CLDM significantly inhibits pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary edema and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide‐induced ALI mice by inhibiting the PI3K–AKT signaling pathway. This study enhanced the amount and accuracy of compounds of CLDM and provided new insights into CLDM preventing and treating ALI.
Comparison of electrode position marking procedures on the cranial surface
Authors: Fabregat‐Sanjuan Albert , Pàmies‐Vilà Rosa , Rigo‐Vidal Agnès , Pascual‐Rubio Vicenç 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe study aimed to compare the conventional method of electrode marking with a new system, EPlacement, to improve accuracy and reduce the time burden on health care professionals.MethodsTen health care professionals marked mannequin heads and adult volunteers using both methods. Time, accuracy, and usability of each method were analyzed. Three neurophysiological diagnostic tests were performed on mannequin heads: reversal pattern visual evoked potential (three electrodes required); somatosensory evoked potentials from the upper and lower extremities (five electrodes required); and standard intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring for spine surgery (nine electrodes required). Precision scanning of the mannequins with structured light and a printed hull were used to determine the actual locations of the electrodes of the 10/20 system.ResultsThe new method based on the EPlacement device represents an improvement on conventional tape measure (TM) marking and may be considered within the group of advanced methods such as navigation systems since it leads to improvements of 34% (1.7 mm) for electrode positions in the Nasion‐Inion and Left tragus–Right tragus lines and 77% (12.5 mm) for electrode positions using the approximate method. It reduces the time spent per test by an average of 1 min compared to the TM method. Health care staff survey results show a positive feedback regarding usability of the new method.ConclusionsThe study showed that the EPlacement device improves accuracy, reduces time, and is easy to use compared to the conventional method of electrode marking. The EPlacement method can facilitate the complex task of electrode marking and ultimately contribute to improved patient outcomes. It has the potential to be widely accepted and implemented in clinical practice.