bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral motor weakness: a possible clinical marker for sleep-related difficulties in Down syndrome children — a preliminary study
Authors: Abdel Hady Aisha Fawzy , Zaytoun Rehab Abdel Hafeez , Taher Mohamed Badie , Sayed-Ahmed Mohammed Mamdouh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
There is an increasing incidence of sleep difficulties in Down syndrome children. Identifying the clinical symptoms that are correlated with sleep difficulties for early diagnosis and treatment is critical.

Aim
To investigate whether oral motor weakness could be considered as an underlying factor for sleep-related difficulties in Down syndrome patients not previously treated with oral motor therapy to prioritize them for definitive objective testing.

Material and methods
The study included 45 Down syndrome children with and without congenital heart disease or hypothyroidism aged 2.5 years to 7 years without a history of prior oral motor therapy, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and with an average body mass index. The parents were asked to fill in a questionnaire on sleep difficulties involving seven sections. The children were also subjected to 4 oral motor tasks.

Results
Symptoms of sleep-related difficulties were reported in 66.70 to 100% of the DS children. The highest percentage had severe oral motor weaknesses. There is no significant correlation between scores of sleep difficulties and scores of oral motor skills except for a significant negative correlation between scores of restless sleep and frequent awakening with score of Chewy Tubes.

Conclusion
The current study did not prove a significant correlation between oral motor skills and the symptoms of sleep difficulties.
WHAM—A Prospective Study of Weight and Body Composition After Risk-Reducing Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy
Authors: Price Sarah A L , Finch Sue , Krejany Efrosinia , Jiang Hongyuan , Kale Ashwini , Domchek Susan , Wrede David , Wark John D , Hickey Martha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Context
Body weight and composition may change over the natural menopause transition. Whether surgical menopause has similar effects, and the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), are unknown. Understanding the metabolic effects of surgical menopause will inform clinical care.

Objective
To prospectively measure weight and body composition over 24 months following surgical menopause compared with a similar comparison group who retained their ovaries.

Methods
Prospective observational study of weight change from baseline to 24 months in 95 premenopausal women at elevated risk of ovarian cancer planning risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) and 99 comparators who retained their ovaries. Change in body composition from baseline to 24 months was also assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in a subgroup of 54 women who underwent RRSO and 81 comparators who retained their ovaries. In the subgroup, weight, fat mass, lean mass, and abdominal fat measures were compared between groups.

Results
At 24 months both groups had gained weight (RRSO 2760 ± 4860 g vs comparators 1620 ± 4540 g) with no difference between groups (mean difference 730 g; 95% CI 920 g to 2380 g; P = .383). In the body composition subgroup, there was no difference in weight between groups at 24 months (mean difference 944 g; 95% CI −1120 g to 2614 g; P = .431). RRSO women may have gained slightly more abdominal visceral adipose tissue (mean difference 99.0 g; 95% CI 8.8 g to 189.2 g; P = .032) but there were no other differences in body composition. There were also no differences in weight or body composition between HRT users and nonusers at 24 months.

Conclusion
24 months after RRSO, there was no difference in body weight compared with women who retained their ovaries. RRSO women gained more abdominal visceral adipose tissue than comparators, but there were no other differences in body composition. Use of HRT following RRSO had no effect on these outcomes.
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of re-attached teeth using self-adhesive bioactive flowable composite after preconditioning the fractured coronal fragments with different remineralizing agents
Authors: Rathod Pratik , Mankar Nikhil 
Published: July 2023

One of the common forms of dental injury is anterior crown fractures, which mainly affects the teenagers and young adults. Fractures of the coronal portion of the permanent incisors characterize 18–22% of total traumatic injuries to dental hard tissues; of which 96% of them comprise the maxillary incisors. Uncomplicated fracture of crown is one of the most common types of dental traumatic injury. Dental trauma has an emotional impact on the patient’s overall health and can serious harm to the dentition. The treatment as well as prognosis of the fracture of coronal portion is a major challenge for a dentist because it has to accomplish various parameters like need to obtain an aesthetical result that approaches itself to its natural form and measurement, opaqueness and translucency of the original tooth structure in obtaining a effective restoration. It is suggested that reattachment of the fractured fragment is the best procedure for restoring an uncomplicated fracture of a crown, if a fragment is present. Reattachment of the fractured fragment offers major advantages over the conventional composite restoration. In reattachment, enhanced aesthetics is obtained because enamel’s true shape, colour, intensity, and surface texture are preserved. It re-establishes the major function and produces the favourable emotive and social response from the side of the patient. The reattached fragments are susceptible to further fracture when the restored teeth undergo further trauma. The resistance of the fractured teeth that has been reattached is the subject of the majority of concerns. Preconditioning the fractured fragments with remineralizing agents may aid in hydration. Thus, study will be conducted to evaluate the resistance of the fracture of a tooth that is reattached and pre-treated with remineralizing agents such as sodium fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and further reattached using one of the self-adhesive bioactive composite.
The association between selenium and bone health: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Haibin , Wang Ning , He Hongyi , Yang Zidan , Wu Jing , Yang Tuo , Wang Yilun 
Published: July 2023

AimsPrevious studies have suggested that selenium as a trace element is involved in bone health, but findings related to the specific effect of selenium on bone health remain inconclusive. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis by including all the relevant studies to elucidate the association between selenium status (dietary intake or serum selenium) and bone health indicators (bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis (OP), or fracture).MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to retrieve relevant articles published before 15 November 2022. Studies focusing on the correlation between selenium and BMD, OP, or fracture were included. Effect sizes included regression coefficient (β), weighted mean difference (WMD), and odds ratio (OR). According to heterogeneity, the fixed-effect or random-effect model was used to assess the association between selenium and bone health.ResultsFrom 748 non-duplicate publications, 19 studies were included. We found a significantly positive association between dietary selenium intake (β = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00 to 0.07, p = 0.029) as well as serum selenium (β = 0.13, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.26, p = 0.046) and BMD. Consistently, those with higher selenium intake had a lower risk of OP (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.72, p = 0.001), and patients with OP had a significantly lower level of serum selenium than healthy controls (WMD = -2.01, 95% CI -3.91 to -0.12, p = 0.037). High dietary selenium intake was associated with a lower risk of hip fracture (OR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.52, p < 0.001).ConclusionSelenium was positively associated with BMD and inversely associated with OP; dietary selenium intake was negatively associated with hip fracture. The causality and therapeutic effect of selenium on OP needs to be investigated in future studies.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(7):423–432.
High-performance dual-tunable terahertz absorber based on strontium titanate and bulk Dirac semimetal for temperature sensing and switching function
Authors: Zhang Yong Gang , Feng Zhen Wei , Liang Lan Ju , Yao Hai Yun , Wang Ya Ru , Xu Liang , Yan Xin , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2023

In this study, a perfect metamaterial absorber based on strontium titanate and bulk Dirac semimetals is proposed. When the temperature of strontium titanate was 300K, the dual-band absorptions were 99.74% and 99.99% at 1.227 and 1.552 THz, respectively. The sensitivities based on a transverse magnetic (TM) wave were 0.95 and 1.22 GHz/K; the sensitivity based on a transverse electric (TE) wave was 0.76 GHz/K. The TE and TM waves were modulated by inserting a bulk Dirac semimetal between the concave and convex devices. The modulation depth of the TE wave was 97.9% at 1.1 THz; the extinction ratio was 16.9 dB. The modulation depth of the TE wave at 1.435 THz was 95.9%; the extinction ratio was 13.89 dB. The TM wave modulation depth at 1.552 THz was 95.9%; the extinction ratio was 13.98 dB. Irrespective of a TE or TM wave, the terahertz absorber has good switching and temperature-sensing performance based on strontium titanate and bulk Dirac semimetals as well as broad application prospects in temperature sensing and switching devices.
Nonlinear processes and laser damage induced by a temporally modulated nanosecond UV laser beam. Part I: stimulated Brillouin scattering
Authors: Nuter Rachel , Bouyer Charles , Gleyze Jean-François , Roquin Nadja , Lamaignère Laurent 
Published: July 2023

Phase modulation is currently applied on pump laser beams propagating in thick optical elements to avoid optical damage induced by Brillouin backscattering. The experimental measurements show that adding a 2 GHz amplitude modulation to such a phase-modulated laser beam can compromise this optical preservation by increasing the Brillouin backscattering signal. These results are confirmed and explained with a theoretical analysis, developed in the perturbative regime, and with the numerical results obtained by solving three-wave coupling equations. Particularly, we show that when the frequency of the amplitude modulation is a harmonic of the phase modulation frequency, the Brillouin gain value is increased and can exceed the one obtained without amplitude modulation.
Exploring Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) in cancer survivors from a medical social work perspective: A qualitative study of medical social workers in South Korea
Authors: Bae Ka Ryeong , Ahn Yeojin , Park Joung Won , Kim Seok-Joo 
Published: July 2023

Background
Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) in cancer survivors has been insufficiently addressed despite its imperativeness in cancer journey. Although several studies have investigated healthcare professionals’ experience with FCR in cancer survivors, a medical social work perspective has rarely been reflected. This study aimed to explore Korean medical social workers’ experience with intervening FCR in cancer survivors.

Methods
Snowball sampling recruited 12 experienced medical social workers intervening with cancer survivors at tertiary or university cancer hospitals in South Korea. Individual and focus-group interviews (FGI) were conducted with the medical social workers. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by using an inductive qualitative content analysis.

Results
Content analysis of the interviews extracted the following major themes regarding FCR in cancer survivors. First, when and how FCR among cancer survivors emerged at the early stage of medical social work interventions was identified. Second, how medical social workers dealt with FCR in cancer survivors was illustrated. Third, the responses of cancer survivors to medical social work interventions for FCR were assessed. Finally, the internal and external issues underlying the medical social work interventions for FCR among cancer survivors were revealed and discussed.

Conclusion
Based on the results, this study suggested the implications on dealing with FCR in cancer survivors in the realm of medial social work profession. Furthermore, it expanded the discussion about FCR in cancer survivors from cancer hospitals to community.
Serum transforming growth factor-beta levels and severity of retinoblastoma in children
Authors: Huzein M Farid , Ridha Nadirah Rasyid , Daud Dasril 
Published: July 2023

Background Transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) expression contributes to the growth of retinoblastoma. TGF-? is produced or released by infiltrating cells such as lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. TGF-? levels are a potential marker of disease severity.
Objective To assess the difference in serum TGF-? levels before chemotherapy in patients with retinoblastoma grades III and IV.
Methods This cross-sectional observational study was done at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia from January to November 2019. Subjects were pediatric patients with grade III and IV retinoblastoma who had not undergone chemotherapy. Patients who met the inclusion criteria provided blood specimens for TGF-? testing. We analyzed the difference in serum TGF-? level between grade III and grade IV patients.
Results We obtained 38 subjects, consisting of 13 grade III and 25 grade IV retinoblastoma patients. Mean TGF-? levels were in 1,061 ng/L in grade III and 988 ng/L in grade IV patients. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed no significant difference between the levels of TGF-?, retinoblastoma grade III and IV (P=0.655). However, TGF-? levels in both groups were markedly above the normal value (100 ng/L).
Conclusion TGF-? levels are markedly increased in grade III and IV retinoblastoma patients. There was no significant difference in TGF-? level between grade III and IV patients. Our findings suggest that TGF-? plays an important role in tumor cell development. Further research on differences in TGF-? levels between late stages (grades III and IV) and early stages (grades I and II) of retinoblastoma to elucidate the role of TGF-? as a marker of retinoblastoma severity.
Risk factors of immature retina on the first screening for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Kartamihardja Wedi Iskandar , Mutiara Gilang , Harun Yanuar Zulkifli , Listrianti Maulya , Yuniah Bestari , Kuntoyo Mayasari 
Published: July 2023

Background Immature retina is characterized by peripheral retinal avascularity. Retinal development is influenced by risk factors that affect retinal maturity.
Objective To identify risk factors for immature retina on the first retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening at the Neonatology Care Unit, Al-Islam Hospital, Bandung, in 2013-2021.
Methods This case-control, retrospective, observational study was performed by evaluating medical records of preterm infants screened for ROP. The subjects were divided into two groups, immature retina and mature retina. We recorded potential risk factors including gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), birth weight for gestational age, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), oxygen therapy >7 days, asphyxia, sepsis, multiple transfusion, apnea of prematurity (AOP), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and analyzed them for potential associations with retinal development.
Results On the first ROP screening of 203 premature infants, 5 (2.5%) had ROP, 90 (44.6%) had immature retinas, and 107 (53.0%) had mature retinas. Bivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant relationships between immature retina (P<0.05), GA (OR=0.575; P=0.000), BW (OR=0.997; P=<0.001), gestational age maturity (OR=2.639; P=0.006), RDS (OR=1.809; P=0.042), oxygen therapy of >7 days (OR=4.494; P=0.002), sepsis (OR=2.028; P=0.034), multiple transfusions (OR=4.656; P=0.000), AOP (OR=2.553; P=0.002), PDA (OR=2.119; P=0.030). Multivariate regression analysis revealed a significant simultaneous relationship between all the risk factors and immature retina, with a Nägelkerke R2 value of 0.421.
Conclusion GA, BW, gestational age maturity, oxygen therapy of >7 days, sepsis, multiple transfusions, AOP, and PDA are significant risk factors of immature retina, be it independently or simultaneously.
Pathoetiology of Levator Ani Syndrome and Its Treatment With Translumbosacral Neuromodulation Therapy
Authors: Yan Yun , Erdogan Askin , Adame Enrique Coss , Rao Satish S.C. 
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:
The pathoetiology and treatment of levator ani syndrome (LAS) remain unclear.

METHODS:
We evaluated pathophysiology using translumbosacral motor-evoked potentials and anorectal manometry in patients with LAS and compared with healthy controls. A cohort underwent translumbosacral neuromodulation therapy (TNT).

RESULTS:
Lumbar and sacral motor-evoked potential latencies were prolonged in 32 patients with LAS compared with 31 controls (P < 0.013), with higher prevalence of anal neuropathy (P = 0.026). TNT improved anorectal pain (P = 0.003) and neuropathy (P < 0.02) in 13 patients with LAS.

DISCUSSION:
Patients with LAS demonstrate significant lumbosacral neuropathy that may cause anorectal pain. TNT improved anorectal pain and neuropathy, providing a novel therapeutic option.
Evaluation of the Potential Utility of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Management
Authors: Henson Jacqueline B. , Glissen Brown Jeremy R. , Lee Joshua P. , Patel Amit , Leiman David A. 
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Artificial intelligence chatbots could serve as an information resource for patients and a tool for clinicians. Their ability to respond appropriately to questions regarding gastroesophageal reflux disease is unknown.

METHODS:
Twenty-three prompts regarding gastroesophageal reflux disease management were submitted to ChatGPT, and responses were rated by 3 gastroenterologists and 8 patients.

RESULTS:
ChatGPT provided largely appropriate responses (91.3%), although with some inappropriateness (8.7%) and inconsistency. Most responses (78.3%) contained at least some specific guidance. Patients considered this a useful tool (100%).

DISCUSSION:
ChatGPT's performance demonstrates the potential for this technology in health care, although also its limitations in its current state.
Regionale Entwicklungsimpulse durch produktionsorientierte Dienstleistungen?
Authors: Hatzfeld Ulrich , Schröer Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Der strukturelle Wandel in von Großstrukturen dominierten Wirtschaftssektoren verbindet sich regelmäßig mit Entwicklungsbrüchen. Diese Brüche verursachen gravierende soziale Probleme, führen aber auch politisch häufig zu Legitimationsproblemen. Im Hinblick darauf ist es unmittelbar verständlich, daß Strategien zur „kontinuierlichen“ Bewältigung des Strukturwandels auf allen politischen Ebenen immer größtes Interesse finden; diese Feststellung gilt in verstärktem Maße für sogenannte strukturschwache Regionen.Eine derartige Strategie besteht in einer intensiven öffentlichen Förderung des Dienstleistungssektors. Ausgangspunkt ist dabei die Beobachtung, daß die Beschäftigung in den Dienstleistungsbranchen signifikant schneller wächst als in den übrigen Wirtschaftsbereichen. Es liegt somit nahe, Beschäftigungseinbrüche in Krisenbranchen – sei es Stahl, Textil oder Kohle – durch eine Nutzung des Beschäftigungspotentials von Dienstleistungsbetrieben ausgleichen zu wollen. Solche Hoffnungen erscheinen auch insofern nachvollziehbar, als Dienstleistungsbetriebe wegen der für sie typischen geringen Kapitalintensität relativ schnell und dynamisch auf Veränderungen von (kommunal gestaltbaren) Standortfaktoren reagieren können.Diese Hoffnungen gelten in besonderem Maße für den Teilbereich der besonders expansiven, sog. „unternehmensbezogenen“ Dienstleistungen. Neben die positiven Beschäftigungseffekte tritt hier – zumindest bei den hochwertigen Dienstleistungszweigen – ein hohes Qualifizierungsniveau. Darüber hinaus gilt das Vorhandensein dieser Art von Dienstleistungen als Standortfaktor bei der Ansiedlung gewerblicher Betriebe (indirekte Beschäftigungseffekte): Produktionsorientierte Dienste werden so zu Katalysatoren des Strukturwandels.Zentrale Fragen sind dabei: Gibt es aus Sicht der Stadtplanung und Wirtschaftsförderung Strategien zur gezielten Förderung unternehmensbezogener Dienstleistungen? Mit Hilfe welcher Maßnahmen oder Planungspolitiken können die Rahmenbedingungen für bereits vorhandene oder anzusiedelnde Dienstleister verbessert werden? Grundlage für die Beantwortung dieser Fragen bildet eine breit angelegte, empirisch gestützte Untersuchung im Aachener Raum, die eine gezielte Förderung unternehmensbezogener Dienstleistungen im Rahmen abgestimmter städtebaulicher Konzepte zum Gegenstand hatte (1)..
A study of characteristics of man-made lightweight aggregate and lightweight concrete made from expanded polystyrene (eps) and cement mortar
Authors: Kadhim Firas Jawad , Attaee Muammar H. , Almusawi Jwad K. , Abed Musaab Sabah 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This research investigated the feasibility of using waste-expanded polystyrene (EPS) and mortar to produce lightweight aggregate (LWA). The EPS extracted from the leftover backing waste was crushed into beads using an electric grinder and mixed in three different proportions with two types of mortars (with and without a superplasticizer). Physical property tests such as loose bulk density and water absorption were carried out for the LWA. Also, the compressive strength of the manufactured lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) was determined, and failure modes were discussed. The results indicate that using the EPS is effective for LWA. The loose bulk density is obtained at a range from 588 to

790

kg/m

3

790\hspace{0.33em}{\text{kg/m}}^{3}

, which meets the requirements of the American society for testing and materials C330 specification of LWA. For water absorption, the value obtained ranges from 6.45 to 14.05%, slightly higher than the normal aggregate due to the voids in the LWA. When using LWA containing a superplasticizer to produce LWAC, the compressive strength was higher than the concrete with LWA without a superplasticizer. The highest compressive strength for LWAC was 21 MPa.
Catalysts based on nickel salt heteropolytungstates for selective oxidation of diphenyl sulfide
Authors: Muñoz Mercedes , Greber Matthieu , Tayeb Karima Ben , Lamonier Carole , Cabello Carmen I. , Romanelli Gustavo P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nickel salts of Keggin heteropolytungstates with the general formula Ni
x
A
y
W12−y
O39or40 (A = Si/P) were synthesized and studied as bulk catalytic materials or supported ones by deposition on modified and functionalized clay minerals (pillared layered clay and porous clay heterostructure). Characterizations by Raman, 31P and 29Si-NMR, and ESEM-EDS techniques showed that pure and supported systems preserved the Ni/W ratio and the expected structural properties of heteropolyanions. These materials were evaluated as catalysts in the selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides or sulfones, using aqueous hydrogen peroxide and mild reaction conditions. The bulk materials, with a higher content of Ni, displayed a remarkable catalytic behavior in the oxidation of diphenyl sulfide (Ni3PW11NiO40H, 90% conversion in 15 min at 75°C, 100% sulfone selectivity in 3 h). Supported catalysts, particularly the non-functionalized PCH (Ni2SW12O40/PCH), showed excellent activity, with also being selective in the oxidation of sulfide to sulfoxide (87% conversion, 88.9% sulfoxide selectivity). The reuse of these materials was studied in the optimum reaction conditions, resulting in similar activity and selectivity.