bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Same same, but different: effects of likelihood framing on concerns about a medical disease in patients with somatoform disorders, major depression, and healthy people
Authors: Kube Tobias , Riecke Jenny , Heider Jens , Glombiewski Julia A. , Rief Winfried , Barsky Arthur J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch has shown that patients with somatoform disorders (SFD) have difficulty using medical reassurance (i.e. normal results from diagnostic testing) to revise concerns about being seriously ill. In this brief report, we investigated whether deficits in adequately interpreting the likelihood of a medical disease may contribute to this difficulty, and whether patients’ concerns are altered by different likelihood framings.MethodsPatients with SFD (N = 60), patients with major depression (N = 32), and healthy volunteers (N = 37) were presented with varying likelihoods for the presence of a serious medical disease and were asked how concerned they are about it. The likelihood itself was varied, as was the format in which it was presented (i.e. negative framing focusing on the presence of a disease v. positive framing emphasizing its absence; use of natural frequencies v. percentages).ResultsPatients with SFD reported significantly more concern than depressed patients and healthy people in response to low likelihoods (i.e. 1: 100 000 to 1:10), while the groups were similarly concerned for likelihoods ⩾1:5. Across samples, the same mathematical likelihood caused significantly different levels of concern depending on how it was framed, with the lowest degree of concern for a positive framing approach and higher concern for natural frequencies (e.g. 1:100) than for percentages (e.g. 1%).ConclusionsThe results suggest a specific deficit of patients with SFD in interpreting low likelihoods for the presence of a medical disease. Positive framing approaches and the use of percentages rather than natural frequencies can lower the degree of concern.
Neural habituation during acute stress signals a blunted endocrine response and poor resilience
Authors: Liu Yadong , Zhao Xiaolin , Hu Weiyu , Ren Yipeng , Wei Zhenni , Ren Xi , Tang Zihan , Wang Nan , Chen Haopeng , Li Yizhuo , Shi Zhenhao , Qin Shaozheng , Yang Juan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundA blunted hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis response to acute stress is associated with psychiatric symptoms. Although the prefrontal cortex and limbic areas are important regulators of the HPA axis, whether the neural habituation of these regions during stress signals both blunted HPA axis responses and psychiatric symptoms remains unclear. In this study, neural habituation during acute stress and its associations with the stress cortisol response, resilience, and depression were evaluated.MethodsSeventy-seven participants (17–22 years old, 37 women) were recruited for a ScanSTRESS brain imaging study, and the activation changes between the first and last stress blocks were used as the neural habituation index. Meanwhile, participants' salivary cortisol during test was collected. Individual-level resilience and depression were measured using questionnaires. Correlation and moderation analyses were conducted to investigate the association between neural habituation and endocrine data and mental symptoms. Validated analyses were conducted using a Montreal Image Stress Test dataset in another independent sample (48 participants; 17–22 years old, 24 women).ResultsNeural habituation of the prefrontal cortex and limbic area was negatively correlated with cortisol responses in both datasets. In the ScanSTRESS paradigm, neural habituation was both positively correlated with depression and negatively correlated with resilience. Moreover, resilience moderated the relationship between neural habituation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and cortisol response.ConclusionsThis study suggested that neural habituation of the prefrontal cortex and limbic area could reflect motivation dysregulation during repeated failures and negative feedback, which might further lead to maladaptive mental states.
Bare Life, Facticity, and Biopolitics in Agamben and the Early Heidegger
Authors: Cimino Antonio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe first book of Agamben'sHomo Sacerseries contains very few references to Heidegger. Even so, the pages that Agamben devotes to Heidegger in the third part of the book are far from a digression. They touch on a number of crucial topics that are vital to both Heidegger and Agamben, such as the relationship between philosophy and politics, the specific philosophical motivations behind Heidegger's political commitment, and life as a central philosophical theme. This article evaluates Agamben's interpretation of Heidegger in those pages by concentrating on two interrelated questions: (1) whether and to what extent Agamben's biopolitical reading of Heidegger is plausible and persuasive, and (2) how to judge the relationship between their respective accounts of life, which center around the two seminal concepts of “bare life” and “facticity.”
Kinematics of the Hybrid 6-Axis (H6A) manipulator
Authors: Golla Pranathi , Ramesh Shashank , Bandyopadhyay Sandipan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive study of the forward and inverse kinematics of a six-degrees-of-freedom (DoF) spatial manipulator with a novel architecture. Developed by Systemantics India Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, and designated as the H6A (i.e., Hybrid 6-Axis), this manipulator consists of two arm-like branches, which are attached to a rigid waist at the proximal end and are coupled together via a wrist assembly at the other. Kinematics of the manipulator is challenging due to the presence of two multi-DoF passive joints: a spherical joint in the right arm and a universal in the left. The forward kinematic problem has eight solutions, which are derived analytically in the closed form. The inverse kinematic problem leads to
$160$
solutions and involves the derivation of a
$40$
-degree polynomial equation, whose coefficients are obtained as closed-form symbolic expressions of the pose parameters of the end-effector, thus ensuring the generality of the results over all possible inputs. Furthermore, the analyses performed lead naturally to the conditions for various singularities involved, including certain non-trivial architecture singularities. The results are illustrated via numerical examples which are validated extensively.
Capitalism and the Creation of the U.S. Constitution
Authors: Parisot James 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article engages with scholars working on the history of capitalism and with scholars of American political development to form a historical materialist perspective on the creation of the American federal government. First, it returns to the debate about the state in capitalist society to develop an approach for theorizing the relations between class, capitalism, and states. Next, it addresses the position of American capitalism in the 1780s, arguing that it was still in a long transition phase. After this, it reinterprets the Constitutional Convention of 1787 in the context of the long and uneven history of American capitalist development. I argue that the U.S. Constitution created the foundations of a state that would serve capitalist interests, including capitalist slave owners, but, at the same time, provided some space for social relations of production not yet fully subordinated to the power of capitalism to coexist.
Tricuspid valve annular tilt for assessment of pre- and post-intervention right ventricular volume in patients undergoing transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement
Authors: Reddy C. D. , Yokota R. , Punn R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement serves as a successful alternative to surgical replacement of a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit. Guidelines for recommending transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement depend on MRI right ventricular volumes, which have been correlated to the echocardiographic measure of right ventricular annular tilt. We aim to assess whether right ventricular annular tilt can be a clinically useful alternative tool in the acute and long-term periods after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement to assess right ventricular health.Methods:We reviewed 70 patients who underwent transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement at a single institution. Echocardiographic measurements were obtained prior to transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement, immediately after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement, and within 6 months to 1 year after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement. Right ventricular annular tilt measures the angle of the tricuspid valve plane relative to the mitral valve plane at end-diastole in the apical four-chamber view. Right ventricular fractional area change, right ventricular systolic strain, tissue Doppler velocity, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion Z-scores were obtained using published methods.Results:Right ventricular annular tilt decreased significantly immediately after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (p = 0.0004), and this reduction in right ventricular volume persisted at the mid-term follow-up (p < 0.0001). Fractional area change did not change significantly after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement while right ventricular global strain improved at mid-term follow-up despite no significant difference immediately after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement.Conclusions:Right ventricular annular tilt decreases both immediately after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement and at mid-term follow-up. Right ventricular strain also improved after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement, corresponding to the improved volume load. Right ventricular annular tilt can be considered as an additional echocardiographic factor to assess right ventricular volume and remodeling after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement.
Living with loss: a cognitive approach to prolonged grief disorder – incorporating complicated, enduring and traumatic grief – ADDENDUM
Authors: Duffy Michael , Wild Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe subject of prolonged, complicated and traumatic grief has become more topical as a consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic. CBT practitioners have been asked to provide effective therapeutic responses for clients with enduring distressing grief reactions. These enduring grief conditions have now been categorised as Prolonged Grief Disorder in the two main mental health classification systems: in the ICD -11 in November 2020 and as a revision to the DSM-5 in 2021. In this paper we draw on our research and clinical experience in applying cognitive therapy for PTSD (CT-PTSD) to traumatic bereavement to derive lessons for the treatment of prolonged grief. During the pandemic the authors of this paper delivered several workshops on prolonged grief disorder (PGD) during which clinicians raised several thought-provoking questions; how do we differentiate between normal and abnormal or pathological grief; how do we categorise pathological grief; how effective are existing therapies and is there a role for CBT; and how do our experiences with Cognitive Therapy for PTSD help with conceptualisation and treatment of PGD. The purpose of this paper is to answer these important questions and in so doing, consider the historical and theoretical concepts relating to complex and traumatic grief, factors that differentiate normal grief from abnormal grief, maintenance factors for PGD and implications for CBT treatments.
Some comments on “A Hermite spline approach for modelling population mortality” by Tang, Li & Tickle (2022)
Authors: Richards Stephen J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTang et al. (2022) propose a new class of models for stochastic mortality modelling using Hermite splines. There are four useful features of this class that are worth emphasising. First, for single-sex datasets, this new class of projection models can be fitted as a generalised linear model. Second, these models can automatically extrapolate mortality rates to ages above the maximum age of the data set. Third, simpler sub-variants of the models exist for forecasting when one of the variables lacks a clear drift. Finally, a minor reparameterisation increases the quality of long-range forecasts of period mortality.
UNPRINCIPLED
Authors: BELOT GORDON 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is widely thought that chance should be understood in reductionist terms: claims about chance should be understood as claims that certain patterns of events are instantiated. There are many possible reductionist theories of chance, differing as to which possible pattern of events they take to be chance-making. It is also widely taken to be a norm of rationality that credence should defer to chance: special cases aside, rationality requires that one’s credence function, when conditionalized on the chance-making facts, should coincide with the objective chance function. It is a shortcoming of a theory of chance if it implies that this norm of rationality is unsatisfiable. The primary goal of this paper is to show, on the basis of considerations concerning computability and inductive learning, that this shortcoming is more common than one would have hoped.
First Quantification of the Permafrost Heat Sink in the Earth's Climate System
Authors: Nitzbon Jan , Krinner Gerhard , Schneider von Deimling Thomas , Werner Martin , Langer Moritz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to an imbalance between incoming and outgoing radiation at the top of the atmosphere, excess heat has accumulated in Earth's climate system in recent decades, driving global warming and climatic changes. To date, it has not been quantified how much of this excess heat is used to melt ground ice in permafrost. Here, we diagnose changes in sensible and latent ground heat contents in the northern terrestrial permafrost region from ensemble‐simulations of a tailored land surface model. We find that between 1980 and 2018, about  ZJ of heat, of which  ZJ (44%) were used to melt ground ice, were absorbed by permafrost. Our estimate, which does not yet account for the potentially increased heat uptake due to thermokarst processes in ice‐rich terrain, suggests that permafrost is a persistent heat sink comparable in magnitude to other components of the cryosphere and must be explicitly considered when assessing Earth's energy imbalance.
SuperDARN Observations of the Two Component Model of Ionospheric Convection
Authors: Grocott A. , Walach M.‐T. , Milan S. E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe use a 20 years database of Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) observations to investigate the two component model of ionospheric convection. A convection pattern is included in the database if it is derived from at least 250 radar vectors and has a distribution of electric potential consistent with Dungey‐cycle twin vortex flow (a negative potential peak in the dusk cell and a positive potential peak in the dawn cell). We extract the locations of the foci of the convection cells from the SuperDARN convection patterns, and compare their dependencies on the north‐south component of the interplanetary magnetic field, IMF BZ, and the SuperMAG auroral electrojet index, SML. We use these parameters to define intervals of expected dayside or nightside dominated reconnection. Our results show that, under conditions favorable for dominant dayside reconnection, the dawn and dusk foci are shifted toward the dayside and that, under conditions favorable for dominant nightside reconnection, the dawn and dusk foci are shifted toward the nightside.
CIPS Observations of Gravity Wave Activity at the Edge of the Polar Vortices and Coupling to the Ionosphere
Authors: Harvey V. L. , Randall C. E. , Goncharenko L. P. , Becker E. , Forbes J. M. , Carstens J. , Xu S. , France J. A. , Zhang S.‐R. , Bailey S. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA new Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) gravity wave (GW) variance data set is available that facilitates automated analysis of GWs entering the mesosphere. This work examines several years of CIPS GW variances from 50 to 55 km in the context of the Arctic and Antarctic polar vortices. CIPS observes highest GW activity in the vortex edge region where horizontal wind speeds are largest, consistent with previously published GW climatologies in the stratosphere and mesosphere. CIPS observes the well‐documented planetary wave (PW)‐1 patterns in GW activity in both hemispheres. In the Northern Hemisphere, maximum GW activity occurs over the North Atlantic and western Europe. In the Southern Hemisphere, maximum GW activity stretches from the Andes over the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans, as expected. In the NH, CIPS GW spatial patterns are highly correlated with horizontal wind speed. In the SH, CIPS GW patterns are less positively correlated with the winds due to increased zonal symmetry and orographic forcing. The Andes Mountains and Antarctic Peninsula, South Georgia Island, Kerguelen/Heard Islands, New Zealand, and Tasmania are persistent sources of orographic GWs. Atmospheric Infrared sounder observations of stratospheric GWs are analyzed alongside CIPS to explore vertical GW coherence and to infer GW propagation and sources. NH midlatitude GW activity is reduced during the January 2021 SSW, as expected. This reduction in GWs leads to a simultaneous reduction in traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), providing more evidence that weak polar vortex events with weak GW activity leads to reduced daytime TID activity.
Early assessment of injury with optical markers in a piglet model of neonatal encephalopathy
Authors: Harvey-Jones Kelly , Lange Frederic , Verma Vinita , Bale Gemma , Meehan Christopher , Avdic-Belltheus Adnan , Hristova Mariya , Sokolska Magdalena , Torrealdea Francisco , Golay Xavier , Parfentyeva Veronika , Durduran Turgut , Bainbridge Alan , Tachtsidis Ilias , Robertson Nicola J. , Mitra Subhabrata 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Opportunities for adjunct therapies with cooling in neonatal encephalopathy are imminent; however, robust biomarkers of early assessment are lacking. Using an optical platform of broadband near-infrared spectroscopy and diffuse correlation spectroscopy to directly measure mitochondrial metabolism (oxCCO), oxygenation (HbD), cerebral blood flow (CBF), we hypothesised optical indices early (1-h post insult) after hypoxia-ischaemia (HI) predicts insult severity and outcome.

Methods
Nineteen newborn large white piglets underwent continuous neuromonitoring as controls or following moderate or severe HI. Optical indices were expressed as mean semblance (phase difference) and coherence (spectral similarity) between signals using wavelet analysis. Outcome markers included the lactate/N-acetyl aspartate (Lac/NAA) ratio at 6 h on proton MRS and TUNEL cell count.

Results
CBF-HbD semblance (cerebrovascular dysfunction) correlated with BGT and white matter (WM) Lac/NAA (r2 = 0.46, p = 0.004, r2 = 0.45, p = 0.004, respectively), TUNEL cell count (r2 = 0.34, p = 0.02) and predicted both initial insult (r2 = 0.62, p = 0.002) and outcome group (r2 = 0.65 p = 0.003). oxCCO-HbD semblance (cerebral metabolic dysfunction) correlated with BGT and WM Lac/NAA (r2 = 0.34, p = 0.01 and r2 = 0.46, p = 0.002, respectively) and differentiated between outcome groups (r2 = 0.43, p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Optical markers of both cerebral metabolic and vascular dysfunction 1 h after HI predicted injury severity and subsequent outcome in a pre-clinical model.

Impact

This study highlights the possibility of using non-invasive optical biomarkers for early assessment of injury severity following neonatal encephalopathy, relating to the outcome.

Continuous cot-side monitoring of these optical markers can be useful for disease stratification in the clinical population and for identifying infants who might benefit from future adjunct neuroprotective therapies beyond cooling.
Targeting transglutaminase 2 mediated exostosin glycosyltransferase 1 signaling in liver cancer stem cells with acyclic retinoid
Authors: Qin Xian-Yang , Furutani Yutaka , Yonezawa Kento , Shimizu Nobutaka , Kato-Murayama Miyuki , Shirouzu Mikako , Xu Yali , Yamano Yumiko , Wada Akimori , Gailhouste Luc , Shrestha Rajan , Takahashi Masataka , Keillor Jeffrey W. , Su Ting , Yu Wenkui , Fujii Shinya , Kagechika Hiroyuki , Dohmae Naoshi , Shirakami Yohei , Shimizu Masahito , Masaki Takahiro , Matsuura Tomokazu , Suzuki Harukazu , Kojima Soichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional protein that promotes or suppresses tumorigenesis, depending on intracellular location and conformational structure. Acyclic retinoid (ACR) is an orally administered vitamin A derivative that prevents hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence by targeting liver cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this study, we examined the subcellular location-dependent effects of ACR on TG2 activity at a structural level and characterized the functional role of TG2 and its downstream molecular mechanism in the selective depletion of liver CSCs. A binding assay with high-performance magnetic nanobeads and structural dynamic analysis with native gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion chromatography-coupled multi-angle light scattering or small-angle X-ray scattering showed that ACR binds directly to TG2, induces oligomer formation of TG2, and inhibits the transamidase activity of cytoplasmic TG2 in HCC cells. The loss-of-function of TG2 suppressed the expression of stemness-related genes, spheroid proliferation and selectively induced cell death in an EpCAM+ liver CSC subpopulation in HCC cells. Proteome analysis revealed that TG2 inhibition suppressed the gene and protein expression of exostosin glycosyltransferase 1 (EXT1) and heparan sulfate biosynthesis in HCC cells. In contrast, high levels of ACR increased intracellular Ca2+ concentrations along with an increase in apoptotic cells, which probably contributed to the enhanced transamidase activity of nuclear TG2. This study demonstrates that ACR could act as a novel TG2 inhibitor; TG2-mediated EXT1 signaling is a promising therapeutic target in the prevention of HCC by disrupting liver CSCs.
Clinical and molecular correlation defines activity of physiological pathways in life-sustaining kidney xenotransplantation
Authors: Firl Daniel J. , Lassiter Grace , Hirose Takayuki , Policastro Robert , D’Attilio Ashley , Markmann James F. , Kawai Tatsuo , Hall Katherine C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPorcine kidney xenotransplantation is accelerating towards clinical translation. However, despite the demonstrated ability of porcine kidneys to remove metabolic waste products, questions remain about their ability to faithfully recapitulate renal endocrine functions after transplantation. Here we analyze xenograft growth and function of two kidney dependent endocrine pathways in seventeen cynomolgus macaques after kidney xenotransplantation from gene edited Yucatan minipigs. Xenograft growth, the renin-angiotensinogen aldosterone-system, and the calcium-vitamin D-parathyroid hormone axis are assessed using clinical chemistries data, renin activity and beta-C-terminal-telopeptide assays, kidney graft RNA-sequencing and serial ultrasonography. We demonstrate that xenografts transplanted from minipigs show only modest growth and do not substantially contribute to recipient RAAS pathway activity. However, parathyroid hormone-independent hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia are observed, suggesting a need for close monitoring and timely intervention during human testing. Further study of these phenotypes is warranted in designing prospective clinical trials.