bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الإصلاحات النبوية بالمدينة وأثرها علي حياة المجتمع.
Authors: :  د .عبد النافع سعد احمد	الأمين  
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to take up prophetic reforms in Madeena& their effect on society life , and according to importance of this topic to Islam &muslims,I took it explaining how reform procedures happened through mosque building , fraternity ,Madeena agreement ,then economic ,healthy , educational & judicial situation reform . Also , army building which life was reformed by it when it corrupted . Importance of this topic manifests in recognizing prophetic reforms that done by our master prophet Mohammed which had great effect in society life to make muslims utilize from them today ; because he deals with a topic that touches current life reality to adopt his biography asexample . The study followed inductive , historical & analytical method , & concluded many results :
-Islam concerned & cared about the nation & resolve its problems .
-Our prophet Mohammed presented genuine picture about himself , his religion & wisdom .
-Our prophet succeeded in building new person with true belief system that formed nation start foundations.
-Our great prophet used thorough &thoughtful plans in establishing Islamic state , moreover , he established solid political educational & organizational work .
-Our great prophet was experienced military leader surpassed every one of his time.
The study recommends the following:
-Educating the nation with biography of our great prophet & teaching it in all levels , also correcting the course of the system of governance& administration according to islamprinciples , moreover , muslims should be good examples for others . Addition to , necessity to read prophetic biography deeply , and investigation , analysis & standing at every step of the reforms to learn lessons & experience .
الميتا شعرية في شعر ما قبل الإسلام
Authors: الباحث حمدان محمد حمدان العمور  
Published: August 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى الوقوف على موضوع انتشر كثيرًا في هذا العصر، ألا وهو الميتا شعرية في عصر ما قبل الإسلام، وفيه يتم تعريف الشعر بشكل عام، ثمَّ تعريف الميتا شعرية لغة واصطلاحًا، ومعرفة مرادفات الميتا شعرية، ثم التعرف على الميتا شعرية في شعر ما قبل الإسلام عند أشهر الشعراء في ذلك الزمن، وأنَّ الميتا شعرية ليست وليدة غربية، والاستشهاد ببعض الأمثلة على ذلك، وفيه يتم بيان أنَّ شعر ما قبل الإسلام ليس شعرًا تقليديًا فقط، بل فيه حداثة كبيرة في استخدام المعاني، واعتمد الباحث فيه على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، فوصف الميتا شعرية حديثًا وقديمًا، والربط بين معنى الميتا شعرية في السابق والحاضر، ثمَّ تحليل بعض الأبيات الشعرية التي وردت فيها دلالات الميتا شعرية، واستعان الباحث بالعديد من المصادر منها المصادر الأجنبية والعربية القديمة منها والحديثة، وبعض الدواوين الشعرية لشعراء ما قبل الإسلام، في ختام هذا البحث توصل الباحث إلى عدة نتائج، ومنها: أنَّ الميتا شعرية استخدمها الشعراء العرب قبل الإسلام، والشعر العربي قبل الإسلام هو كنز دفين من الدلالات الكبيرة التي تحوي معظم أنواع الأدب الحديث، ويبين البحث حداثة شعراء العرب قبل الإسلام في الأجناس الأدبية ومواكبتهم لها، وأنهم لم يقولوا الشعر للشعر فقط، بل لمعاني كبيرة، ودلالات عميقة، وختم الباحث بحثه بعدة توصيات، منها: البحث العميق في شعر ما قبل الإسلام، وتطبيق الأجناس الأدبية الحديثة على شعرهم لمعرفة درجة حداثة شعراء ما قبل الإسلام، والكشف العميق في الكثير من الأبحاث في شعر ما قبل الإسلام لما له من قيمة كبيرة، وبلاغة عظيمة.
دور إدارة الموارد البشرية في تقييم أداء العاملين بالجامعات السودانية
Authors: د. سهام حيدر الدرديري العبيد  
Published: August 2023

تحاول هذه الورقة دراسة دور إدارة الموارد البشرية في عملية تقييم أداء العاملين بالجامعات السودانية بالتطبيق على جامعة العلوم والتقانة. تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة فى ان مستويات تقييم اداء العاملين في الجامعات السودانية الاهلية بصفة عامة و بجامعة العلوم والتقانة بصفة خاصة مازالت دون الطموحات والتوقعات ربما يعزي ذلك لضعف تاثير دور ادارة الموارد البشرية في عملية تقيم اداء العاملين. هدفت الورقة الي دراسة العلاقة بين ادارة الموارد البشرية وتقييم اداء العاملين في جامعة العلوم والتقانة في السودان الي جانب توضيح دور وظائف اارة الموارد البشرية في عملية تقييم اداء العاملين. نبعت اهمية الدراسة من حيوية الموضوع الذي تتناوله اذ تركز علي الدوري الحيوي والهام لادارة الموارد البشرية في عملية تقييم الاداء. استخدمت هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي كما استفادت من المنهج التاريخي الي جانب اسلوب دراسة الحالة. اختبرت هذه الدراسة عدد من الفرضيات من بينها : توجد علاقة ذات دلالة احصائية بين ادارة الموارد البشرية وتقييم اداء العاملين بجامعة العلوم والتقانة. توجد علاقة ذات دلالة احصائية بين وظائف الموارد البشرية وتقييم اداء العاملين بجامعة العلوم والتقانة. توصلت الدراسة الي عدد من النتائج الهامة ابرزها : وجود علاقة ايجابية بين ادارة الموارد البشرية وعملية تقييم اداء العاملين بجامعة العلوم والتقانة. تلعب وظائف ادارة الموارد البشرية دوراً محورياً في تقييم اداء العاملين بالجامعات السودانية بصفة عامة وجامعة العلوم والتقانة بصفة خاصة. عملية تقييم اداء العاملين بجامعة العلوم والتقانة تحتاج لنظم معلومات موارد بشرية مختصة ادعم عملية تقييم اداء العاملين. بناءً علي هذه النتائج فقد تقدمت هذه الدراسة بحزمة من التوصيات ابرزها: ضرورة الاهتمام بتصميم نظام موارد بشرية الكتروني خاص بتقييم اداء العاملين بالجامعات السودانية. علي ادارة جامعة العلوم والتقانة دراسة التجارب الخارجية الناجحه في مجالات تقييم اداء العاملين واستنباط الدروس الناجحه والاستفادة منها في تطوير تقييم اداء العاملين بالجامعة.
Farklı Fiberle Güçlendirilmiş Kompozit Rezinler ile Tedavi Edilen Kök Kanal Tedavili Maksiller Kesici Dişlerde Oluşan Stres Dağılımının Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SÖNMEZ UZEL Özge , AYNA Buket 
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, maksiller kesici dişte horizontal ve oblik iki farklı kırık tipine sahip diş modellerinde farklı fiberle güçlendirilmiş kompozit rezin (FGKR) restorasyonlarının fonksiyonel kuvvetler altında oluşturduğu stresin sonlu elemanlar analizi (SEA) yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesidir.
Materyal ve Metod: Kök gelişimi tamamlanmış bir maksiller kesici diş mikrobilgisayarlı tomografi cihazında taranmıştır. Elde edilen bilgilerle üç boyutlu kök gelişimi tamamlanmış maksiller kesici diş modeli oluşturularak, horizontal ve oblik kırığa sahip iki farklı grup oluşturulmuştur. Örnek model esas alınarak, kök kanal tedavisi yapılmış horizontal ve oblik kırık hattı oluşturulmuş, maksiller kesici diş modelleri farklı FGKR ile restore edilerek üç boyutlu olarak simüle edilmiştir. Ardından dişlerde fonksiyonel kuvvet altında oluşan stresler SEA yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: FGKR kullanılan modellerde kök dentininin servikal bölgesi ve restoratif materyalde oluşan stresler azalmıştır. Tüm modeller incelendiğinde hem kök dentininin servikal bölgesinde hem de restoratif materyalde en yüksek stres değerleri yalnızca kompozit rezin kullanılan modellerde görülmüştür. En düşük stres değerleri ise prefabrik uzun cam fiber post kullanılan modellerde görülmüştür. Horizontal kırık hattına sahip olan modellerde oblik kırık hattına sahip modellere göre oluşan streslerin daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Kron fraktürüne sahip dişlerde FGKR kullanımı hem kök dentininin servikal bölgesinde oluşan stresleri hem de restoratif materyaldeki stresleri azaltmaya yardımcı olacaktır.
Pengaruh Perkembangan Sosial Emosional pada Perilaku Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Anggraini Nurdelita , Br Ginting Siska Astria , Dazura Wahyuni 
Published: August 2023

In early childhood, children experience a golden age, which is where children begin to be sensitive and sensitive to receive stimuli or stimuli. Social and emotional development in children is the emotional condition and ability of children to respond to their environment at an earlier age. Children's socio-emotional development aims to find out how they are. How to relate to other people, namely peers and people who are older than him. Be responsible for yourself and others and behave in a pro-social manner. Social Emotional Development in School Children. Socio-emotional development is increasingly understood as a crisis in children's development. This is because children are shaped through development in the learning process. Children's social development is strongly influenced by the process of parental care or guidance for children in introducing various aspects of social life or norms in society.
Keyword: Socio-Emotional, Early Childhood
Reconstructed SqueezeNext with C-CBAM for offline handwritten Chinese character recognition
Authors: Wu Ruiqi , Zhou Feng , Li Nan , Liu Xian , Wang Rugang 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundHandwritten Chinese character recognition (HCCR) is a difficult problem in character recognition. Chinese characters are diverse and many of them are very similar. The HCCR model consumes a large number of computational resources during runtime, making it difficult to deploy to resource-limited development platforms.MethodsIn order to reduce the computational consumption and improve the operational efficiency of such models, an improved lightweight HCCR model is proposed in this article. We reconstructed the basic modules of the SqueezeNext network so that the model would be compatible with the introduced attention module and model compression techniques. The proposed Cross-stage Convolutional Block Attention Module (C-CBAM) redeploys the Spatial Attention Module (SAM) and the Channel Attention Module (CAM) according to the feature map characteristics of the deep and shallow layers of the model, targeting enhanced information interaction between the deep and shallow layers. The reformulated intra-stage convolutional kernel importance assessment criterion integrates the normalization nature of the weights and allows for structured pruning in equal proportions for each stage of the model. The quantization aware training is able to map the 32-bit floating-point weights in the pruned model to 8-bit fixed-point weights with minor loss.ResultsPruning with the new convolutional kernel importance evaluation criterion proposed in this article can achieve a pruning rate of 50.79% with little impact on the accuracy rate. The various optimization methods can compress the model to 1.06 MB and achieve an accuracy of 97.36% on the CASIA-HWDB dataset. Compared with the initial model, the volume is reduced by 87.15%, and the accuracy is improved by 1.71%. The model proposed in this article greatly reduces the running time and storage requirements of the model while maintaining accuracy.
Lifestyle Factors in the Association of Shift Work and Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Xu Minzhi , Yin Xiaoxv , Gong Yanhong 
Published: August 2023

IMPORTANCEShift work may lead to adverse health outcomes. Whether shift work is associated with depression and anxiety, and to what extent lifestyle mediates the associations, remains unknown.OBJECTIVETo explore the associations of shift work, its type, frequency, and working years with anxiety and depression and to examine the potential mediating role of lifestyles.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included 175 543 employed or self-employed workers who participated in the UK Biobank baseline survey (2006-2010). Data analysis was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023.EXPOSURESEmployment and shift work status information was obtained from baseline. Lifestyles included smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, dietary characteristics, sleep duration, sedentary time, and body mass index (BMI).MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESDepression and anxiety were identified based on electronic health records. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate the association of shift work with anxiety and depression, and cause mediation analyses we used to test the mediating role of lifestyle factors in this association.RESULTSOf the 175 543 included participants (mean [SD] age, 52.6 [7.1] years; 88 290 men [50.3%]; 167 495 White participants [95.4%]), 27 637 participants (16.2%) reported shift work. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 9.06 (8.35-9.75) years, 3956 workers (2.3%) developed depression and 2838 (1.7%) developed anxiety. In the fully adjusted model, individuals who reported engaging in shift work, or shift workers, had a higher risk of depression (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.12-1.33; P &amp;lt; .001) and anxiety (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04-1.28; P &amp;lt; .001), and the risk was positively associated with shift frequency. Among shift workers, there was no significant difference between night shifts and nonnight shifts. In the dose-association analyses, years of shift work were negatively associated with the risk of depression and anxiety. Smoking, sedentary time, BMI, and sleep duration were identified as the main potentially modifiable mediators. These mediators together explained 31.3% of the association between shift work and depression and 21.2% of the association between shift work and anxiety.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this cohort study, shift work was significantly associated with a higher risk of depression and anxiety, and lifestyle factors partially mediated the associations. These findings not only support that shift work should be considered an occupational hazard, but also provide evidence for the urgent need for the development of public health interventions that promote healthy lifestyles aimed at improving the mental health of shift workers.
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Risk of Serious Infections in Young Children
Authors: Lassalle Marion , Zureik Mahmoud , Dray-Spira Rosemary 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceProton pump inhibitor (PPI) use may lead to infections through alteration of the microbiota or direct action on the immune system. However, only a few studies were conducted in children, with conflicting results.ObjectiveTo assess the associations between PPI use and serious infections in children, overall and by infection site and pathogen.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nationwide cohort study was based on the Mother-Child EPI-MERES Register built from the French Health Data System (SNDS). We included all children born between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, who received a treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease or other gastric acid–related disorders, namely PPIs, histamine 2 receptor antagonists, or antacids/alginate. The index date was defined as the first date any of these medications was dispensed. Children were followed up until admission to the hospital for serious infection, loss of follow-up, death, or December 31, 2019.ExposurePPI exposure over time.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAssociations between serious infections and PPI use were estimated by adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% CIs using Cox models. PPI use was introduced as time-varying. A 30-day lag was applied to minimize reverse causality. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic data, pregnancy characteristics, child comorbidities, and health care utilization.ResultsThe study population comprised 1 262 424 children (median [IQR] follow-up, 3.8 [1.8-6.2] years), including 606 645 who received PPI (323 852 male [53.4%]; median [IQR] age at index date, 88 [44-282] days) and 655 779 who did not receive PPI (342 454 male [52.2%]; median [IQR] age, 82 [44-172] days). PPI exposure was associated with an increased risk of serious infections overall (aHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.32-1.36). Increased risks were also observed for infections in the digestive tract (aHR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.48-1.55); ear, nose, and throat sphere (aHR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.41-1.52); lower respiratory tract (aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.19-1.25); kidneys or urinary tract (aHR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.15-1.25); and nervous system (aHR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.11-1.54) and for both bacterial (aHR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.50-1.63) and viral infections (aHR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.28-1.33).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, PPI use was associated with increased risks of serious infections in young children. Proton pump inhibitors should not be used without a clear indication in this population.
The formation of “form” and the “decoration” of space in Charlotte Perriand, Part 2: Creation of “forme utile (useful form)” as a space
Authors: Sendai Shoichiro , Sugiyama Mao , Tadokoro Sinnosuke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to clarify the process of the formation of Perriand's concept of “form” toward the “forme utile (useful form),” by tracing her production of furniture chronologically. In other words, by analyzing the intersection of the “Mingei (folk‐craft)” tradition experienced in Japan and the Western modernism of “forme utile,” this paper examines how the “new decoration” of steel pipe furniture as “form” led to her particular “decoration” of interior spaces. In Perriand's concept of “form,” touching the material itself was the primary issue. However, it was also synonymous with the main intent of the leader of Mingei movement Muneyoshi Yanagi, criticized her “forme libre (free form).” Furthermore, Perriand, who referred the aesthetician Kakuzo Okakura's “vacuum,” came to understand “form” as the correlation between human beings and the space that surrounds them.
Social‐distancing memories and well‐being in the cultural context
Authors: Wang Qi , Suo Tong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study examined among diverse ethnic groups in the U.S. individuals' memories about social distancing at the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic and how that was related to psychological well‐being. Participants recalled specific personal events related to social distancing in a memory fluency task and completed a battery of well‐being measures. Consistent with their respective cultural attitudes towards social distancing, Asian Americans remembered about social distancing in a more positive light than did European Americans, and positive social‐distancing memories predicted better psychological well‐being among Asians but not European Americans or other ethnic groups. These original findings shed new light on the role of culture in shaping autobiographical memory and mental health and have important implications for policies and targeted interventions.
Oxygen Vacancies Modified TiO2/O‐Terminated Ti3C2 Composites: Unravelling the Dual Effects between Oxygen Vacancy and High‐Work‐Function Titanium Carbide
Authors: Zhou Shaoyu , Jiang Longbo , Wang Hui , Yang Jinjuan , Yuan Xingzhong , Wang Hou , Liang Jie , Li Xiaodong , Li Hui , Bu Yuanqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe rational design of Ti3C2Tx MXene‐derived TiO2‐based photocatalysts with broad light absorption and efficient charge separation has recently attracted considerable attention for antibiotic degradation. However, the complementary effects of each component, especially oxygen vacancies (OVs) and high work function O‐terminated Ti3C2 (O‐Ti3C2), in affecting light absorption and photocatalytic activity remain controversial. In this study, Ti3C2Tx‐derived TiO2/Ti3C2Tx photocatalysts are regulated by alkalization in the controlled KOH solution and calcination in different heating atmospheres to reveal the contribution of OVs, Ti3+, carbon species, and high work function titanium carbide. Carbon species and rich OVs co‐exist in TiO2/O‐Ti3C2 (OV/C‐TT‐1K(N2)) which exhibit superior photocatalytic performance in tetracycline hydrochloride degradation with a kinetic constant of 0.0217 min−1. Combined with experimental and DFT computational results, the broadened visible light response and desirable redox properties are caused by OVs and carbon dopants, as well as decreased Schottky barrier height and enhanced electronic conductivity caused by high work function O‐Ti3C2.
Mechanically Gated Transistor
Authors: Huang Boyuan , Yu Ye , Zhang Fengyuan , Liang Yuhang , Su Shengyao , Zhang Mei , Zhang Yuan , Li Changjian , Xie Shuhong , Li Jiangyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSilicon‐based field effect transistors have underpinned the information revolution in the last 60 years, and there is a strong desire for new materials, devices, and architectures that can help sustain the computing power in the age of big data and artificial intelligence. Inspired by the Piezo channels, a mechanically gated transistor abandoning electric gating altogether, achieving an ON/OFF ratio over three orders of magnitude under a mechanical force of hundreds of nN is developed. The two‐terminal device utilizes flexoelectric polarization induced by strain gradient, which modulates the carrier concentration in a Van der Waals structure significantly, and it mimics Piezo channels for artificial tactile perception. This simple device concept can be easily adapted to a wide range of semiconducting materials, helping promote the fusion between mechanics and electronics in a similar way as mechanobiology.
Regulated Zn Plating and Stripping by a Multifunctional Polymer‐Alloy Interphase Layer for Stable Zn Metal Anode
Authors: Duan Junwen , Dong Jiaming , Cao Ruirui , Yang Hao , Fang Kangkang , Liu Ying , Shen Zhitao , Li Fumin , Liu Rong , Li Huilin , Chen Chong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetallic zinc electrode with a high theoretical capacity of 820 mAh g−1 is highly considered as a promising candidate for next‐generation rechargeable batteries. However, the unavoidable hydrogen evolution, uncontrolled dendrite growth, and severe passivation reaction badly hinder its practical implementations. Herein, a robust polymer‐alloy artificial protective layer is designed to realize dendrite‐free Zn metal anode by the integration of zincophilic SnSb nanoparticles with Nafion. In comparison to the bare Zn electrode, the Nafion‐SnSb coated Zn (NFSS@Zn) electrode exhibits lower nucleation energy barrier, more uniform electric field distribution and stronger anti‐corrosion capability, thus availably suppressing the Zn dendrite growth and interfacial side reactions. As a consequence, the NFSS@Zn electrode exhibits a long cycle life over 1500 h at 1 mA cm−2 with an ultra‐low voltage hysteresis (25 mV). Meanwhile, when paired with a MnO2 cathode, the as‐prepared full cell also demonstrates stable performance for 1000 cycles at 3 A g−1. This work provides an inspired approach to boost the performance of Zn anodes.
Dextran: A Multifunctional and Universal Electrolyte Additive for Aqueous Zn Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Jing , Guo Zhongyuan , Wu Jiacheng , Zheng Zhi , Yu Zixun , She Fangxin , Lai Leo , Li Hao , Chen Yuan , Wei Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aqueous Zn ion battery (ZIB) is a potentially sustainable energy storage device. However, its performance is still far from satisfactory. Herein, it is demonstrated that a branched sugar, dextran, widely used in eyedrop products to relieve irritated eyes, is a multifunctional and universal electrolyte additive to enable high‐performance ZIBs. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that dextran has four functions: forming a surface protective layer to minimize side reactions, facilitating stepwise [Zn(H2O)6]2+ desolvation, preferably adsorbing on Zn(0002) planes to supply desolvated Zn2+ and homogenizing electric field. These functions are universally observed in Zn(CF3SO3)2, ZnSO4, Zn(ClO4)2, and ZnCl2 aqueous electrolytes. As demonstrations for practical applications, Zn anodes deliver Coulombic efficiency of 99.97% after 3400 cycles in an electrolyte with 50 mg mL‒1 of dextran and cumulative plating capacity of 3400 mAh cm‒2 at 5 mA cm‒2. Zn//V2O5 full cells with a low negative/positive electrode capacity ratio of 2.18 can be stably cycled over 138 cycles at 1 A g‒1. Pouch full cells can work under mechanical bending conditions. Zn//polyaniline full cells can cycle steadily for 3000 cycles at 0.5 A g‒1 at −10 °C. Dextran shows excellent potential as a low‐cost and non‐toxic electrolyte additive to enable safe and reliable ZIBs.