bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A specific and sensitive droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of tilapia lake virus in fish tissue and environmental samples
Authors: Shahi Neetu , Prasartset Tharinthon , Surachetpong Win 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes high mortality in farmed and wild tilapia in various countries. We developed a highly specific and sensitive droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) assay to detect and quantify TiLV. The ddPCR assay could detect the virus at a lower threshold than the reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase reaction (RT‐qPCR) method, and the sensitivity of the ddPCR assay was 10‐fold higher. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the ddPCR assay were 100% and did not cross‐react with tilapia tissues infected with Tilapia parvovirus, Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, S. iniae and Francisella noatunensis. The assay reproducibility was demonstrated by a high correlation coefficient of 0.998, and the inter‐assay coefficients of variability indicated that the ddPCR assay exhibited low variability within and between measurements. The detection limit of the TiLV ddPCR assay was 100 fg cDNA, which is equal to 3.3 copies of TiLV. Furthermore, the ddPCR assay could detect TiLV in mucus, water and infected tissue samples and the lowest copy number of TiLV detected in water samples by the ddPCR assay was 7.9 ± 0.99 copies/reaction The results of the clinical samples tested for TiLV revealed that the ddPCR assay had a relatively higher detection rate than the RT‐qPCR method. Overall, the ddPCR method offers a highly promising approach for the absolute quantification of TiLV in carrier fish and samples from the environment with low viral concentrations.
In vivo antibacterial activity of medicinal plant Sophora flavescens against Streptococcus agalactiae infection
Authors: Zhang Fa‐Li , Yang Liu , He Wei‐Hao , Xie Ling‐Jun , Yang Fei , Wang Ying‐Hui , Huang Ai‐Guo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStreptococcosis disease caused by Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) results in a huge economic loss of tilapia culture. It is urgent to find new antimicrobial agents against streptococcosis. In this study, 20 medicinal plants were evaluated in vitro and in vivo to obtain medicinal plants and potential bioactive compounds against GBS infection. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of 20 medicinal plants had low or no antibacterial properties in vitro, with a minimal inhibitory concentration ≥256 mg/L. Interestingly, in vivo tests showed that 7 medicinal plants could significantly inhibit GBS infection in tilapia, and Sophora flavescens (SF) had the strongest anti‐GBS activity in tilapia, reaching 92.68%. SF could significantly reduce the bacterial loads of GBS in different tissues (liver, spleen and brain) of tilapia after treated with different tested concentrations (12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg/kg) for 24 h. Moreover, 50 mg/kg SF could significantly improve the survival rate of GBS‐infected tilapia by inhibiting GBS replication. Furthermore, the expression of antioxidant gene cat, immune‐related gene c‐type lysozyme and anti‐inflammatory cytokine il‐10 in liver tissue of GBS‐infected tilapia significantly increased after treated with SF for 24 h. Meanwhile, SF significantly reduced the expression of immune‐related gene myd88 and pro‐inflammatory cytokines il‐8 and il‐1β in liver tissue of GBS‐infected tilapia. The negative and positive models of UPLC‐QE‐MS, respectively, identified 27 and 57 components of SF. The major components of SF extract in the negative model were α, α‐trehalose, DL‐malic acid, D‐ (−)‐fructose and xanthohumol, while in the positive model were oxymatrine, formononetin, (−)‐maackiain and xanthohumol. Interestingly, oxymatrine and xanthohumol could significantly inhibit GBS infection in tilapia. Taken together, these results suggest that SF can inhibit GBS infection in tilapia, and it has potential for the development of anti‐GBS agents.
Amoeba species colonizing the gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Swiss aquaculture
Authors: Vannetti Stefania M. , Wynne James W. , English Chloe , Huynh Christine , Knüsel Ralph , de Sales‐Ribeiro Carolina , Widmer Maro , Delalay Gary , Schmidt‐Posthaus Heike 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNodular gill disease (NGD) is an infectious condition characterized by proliferative gill lesions leading to respiratory problems, oxygen deficiency and mortality in fish. Globally, NGD primarily impacts freshwater salmonids in intensive aquaculture systems. In recent years, numerous outbreaks of severe gill disease have affected more than half of the larger rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms in Switzerland, mainly during spring and early summer. Mortality has reached up to 50% in cases where no treatment was administered. Freshwater amoeba are the presumed aetiologic agent of NGD. The gross gill score (GS) categorising severity of gill pathology is a valuable first‐line diagnostic tool aiding fish farmers in identifying and quantifying amoebic gill disease (AGD) in farmed marine salmonids. In this study, the GS was adapted to the NGD outbreak in farmed trout in Switzerland. In addition to scoring disease severity, gill swabs from NGD‐affected rainbow trout were sampled and amoeba were cultured from these swabs. Morphologic and molecular methods identified six amoeba strains: Cochliopodium sp., Naegleria sp., Vannella sp., Ripella sp., Saccamoeba sp. and Mycamoeba sp. However, the importance of the different amoeba species for the onset and progression of NGD still has to be evaluated. This paper presents the first description of NGD with associated amoeba infection in farmed rainbow trout in Switzerland.
Automated sleep staging in people with intellectual disabilities using heart rate and respiration variability
Authors: van den Broek N. , van Meulen F. , Ross M. , Cerny A. , Anderer P. , van Gilst M. , Pillen S. , Overeem S. , Fonseca P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities (ID) have a higher risk of sleep disorders. Polysomnography (PSG) remains the diagnostic gold standard in sleep medicine. However, PSG in people with ID can be challenging, as sensors can be burdensome and have a negative influence on sleep. Alternative methods of assessing sleep have been proposed that could potentially transfer to less obtrusive monitoring devices. The goal of this study was to investigate whether analysis of heart rate variability and respiration variability is suitable for the automatic scoring of sleep stages in sleep‐disordered people with ID.MethodsManually scored sleep stages in PSGs of 73 people with ID (borderline to profound) were compared with the scoring of sleep stages by the CardioRespiratory Sleep Staging (CReSS) algorithm. CReSS uses cardiac and/or respiratory input to score the different sleep stages. Performance of the algorithm was analysed using input from electrocardiogram (ECG), respiratory effort and a combination of both. Agreement was determined by means of epoch‐per‐epoch Cohen's kappa coefficient. The influence of demographics, comorbidities and potential manual scoring difficulties (based on comments in the PSG report) was explored.ResultsThe use of CReSS with combination of both ECG and respiratory effort provided the best agreement in scoring sleep and wake when compared with manually scored PSG (PSG versus ECG = kappa 0.56, PSG versus respiratory effort = kappa 0.53 and PSG versus both = kappa 0.62). Presence of epilepsy or difficulties in manually scoring sleep stages negatively influenced agreement significantly, but nevertheless, performance remained acceptable. In people with ID without epilepsy, the average kappa approximated that of the general population with sleep disorders.ConclusionsUsing analysis of heart rate and respiration variability, sleep stages can be estimated in people with ID. This could in the future lead to less obtrusive measurements of sleep using, for example, wearables, more suitable to this population.
Identification of predictive biomarkers for diagnosis and radiation sensitivity of uterine cervical cancer using wide‐targeted metabolomics
Authors: Hishinuma Eiji , Shimada Muneaki , Matsukawa Naomi , Li Bin , Motoike Ikuko N. , Hagihara Tatsuya , Shigeta Shogo , Tokunaga Hideki , Saigusa Daisuke , Kinoshita Kengo , Koshiba Seizo , Yaegashi Nobuo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimUterine cervical cancer (UCC) is the fourth most common cancer in women, responsible for more than 300 000 deaths worldwide. Its early detection, by cervical cytology, and prevention, by vaccinating against human papilloma virus, greatly contribute to reducing cervical cancer mortality in women. However, penetration of the effective prevention of UCC in Japan remains low. Plasma metabolome analysis is widely used for biomarker discovery and the identification of cancer‐specific metabolic pathways. Here, we aimed to identify predictive biomarkers for the diagnosis and radiation sensitivity of UCC using wide‐targeted plasma metabolomics.MethodsWe analyzed 628 metabolites in plasma samples obtained from 45 patients with UCC using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsThe levels of 47 metabolites were significantly increased and those of 75 metabolites were significantly decreased in patients with UCC relative to healthy controls. Increased levels of arginine and ceramides, and decreased levels of tryptophan, ornithine, glycosylceramides, lysophosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylcholine were characteristic of patients with UCC. Comparison of metabolite profiles in groups susceptible and non‐susceptible to radiation therapy, a treatment for UCC, revealed marked variations in polyunsaturated fatty acid, nucleic acid, and arginine metabolism in the group not susceptible to treatment.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the metabolite profile of patients with UCC may be an important indicator for distinguishing these patients from healthy cohorts, and may also be useful for predicting sensitivity to radiotherapy.
The TCD hyperemia index to detect vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Kim Yongwoo , Mehta Amit , Nair Reshmi , Felbaum Daniel R. , Mai Jeffrey C. , Armonda Rocco A. , Chang Jason J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeElevated mean flow velocity (MFV) on transcranial Doppler (TCD) is used to predict vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Hyperemia should be considered when observing elevated MFV. Lindegaard ratio (LR) is commonly used but does not enhance predictive values. We introduce a new marker, the hyperemia index (HI), calculated as bilateral extracranial internal carotid artery MFV divided by initial flow velocity.MethodsWe evaluated SAH patients hospitalized ≥7 days between December 1, 2016 and June 30, 2022. We excluded patients with nonaneurysmal SAH, inadequate TCD windows, and baseline TCD obtained after 96 hours from onset. Logistic regression was conducted to assess the significant associations of HI, LR, and maximal MFV with vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Receiver operating characteristic analyses were employed to find the optimal cutoff value for HI.ResultsLower HI (odds ratio [OR] 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01‐0.68), higher MFV (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01‐1.05), and LR (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.44‐2.85) were associated with vasospasm and DCI. Area under the curve (AUC) for predicting vasospasm was 0.70 (95% CI 0.58‐0.82) for HI, 0.87 (95% CI 0.81‐0.94) for maximal MFV, and 0.87 (95% CI 0.79‐0.94) for LR. The optimal cutoff value for HI was 1.2. Combining HI <1.2 with MFV improved positive predictive value without altering the AUC value.ConclusionsLower HI was associated with a higher likelihood of vasospasm and DCI. HI <1.2 may serve as a useful TCD parameter to indicate vasospasm and DCI when elevated MFV is observed, or when transtemporal windows are inadequate.
Application of titanium 3D‐printed double‐sleeve guide for zygomatic implants: A technique report
Authors: Mao Yupu , Li Xiaoban , Wang Qingfu , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe unique anatomical structure of the atrophic edentulous maxilla limits the placement of endosteal root form dental implants without bone grafting and augmentation. Surgical placement of zygomatic implants in an optimal position remains challenging. This technique report illustrates a novel digital guide technology, including the design workflow, application method, and indications for assisting with the placement of zygomatic implants using a bone‐supported titanium double‐sleeve guide. In addition, when the implant body reaches the zygomatic bone following an intra‐sinus path, including ZAGA type 0 and ZAGA type 1 cases, a matching window osteotomy surgical guide is used to locate the lateral window boundary and protect the sinus membrane. With this technique, the surgical procedure is simplified, and the precision of guided zygomatic implant placement is improved.
Stressful life events, oral health, and barriers to dental care during pregnancy
Authors: Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , Simon Lisa , Ganson Kyle T. , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesPoor oral health during pregnancy poses risks to maternal and infant well‐being. However, limited research has documented how proximate stressful life events (SLEs) during the prenatal period are associated with oral health and patterns of dental care utilization.MethodsData come from 13 states that included questions on SLEs, oral health, and dental care utilization in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System for the years 2016–2020 (n = 48,658). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between levels of SLE (0, 1–2, 3–5, or 6+) and a range of (1) oral health experiences and (2) barriers to dental care during pregnancy while controlling for socio‐demographic and pregnancy‐related characteristics.ResultsWomen with more SLEs in the 12 months before birth—especially six or more—reported worse oral health experiences, including not having dental insurance, not having a dental cleaning, not knowing the importance of caring for teeth and gums, needing to see a dentist for a problem, going to see a dentist for a problem, and unmet dental care needs. Higher levels of SLEs were also associated with elevated odds of reporting barriers to dental care.ConclusionsSLEs are an essential but often understudied risk factor for poor oral health, unmet dental care needs, and barriers to dental care services. Future research is needed to understand better the mechanisms linking SLEs and oral health.
Mutations in the CYP27B1 gene cause vitamin D dependent rickets in pugs
Authors: Rohdin Cecilia , Wang Chao , Brander Gustaf , Rondahl Veronica , Karlsson Åsa , Friling Lisa , Fischetti Anthony , Meadows Jennifer , Häggström Jens , Jäderlund Karin Hultin , Ljungvall Ingrid , Lindblad‐Toh Kerstin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRickets is a disorder of bone development and can be the result of either dietary or genetic causes. Here, related pugs from 2 litters were included. Three pugs had clinical signs including, lameness, bone deformities, and dyspnea. One other pug was found dead. Radiographs of 2 affected pugs, 5 and 6 months old, showed generalized widening, and irregular margination of the physes of both the appendicular and the axial skeleton with generalized decrease in bone opacity and bulbous swelling of the costochondral junctions. Two pugs had low serum calcium and 1,25 (OH)2D3 concentrations. Test results further indicated secondary hyperparathyroidism with adequate concentrations of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D. Necropsy revealed tongue‐like projections of cartilage extending into the metaphysis consistent with rickets, loss of metaphyseal mineralization and lung pathology. Vitamin D‐dependent rickets was diagnosed. A truncating mutation in the 1α‐hydroxylase gene (CYP27B1) was identified by genome sequence analysis of the pugs with VDDR type 1A. Vitamin D‐dependent rickets type 1A can occur in young pugs, and if left untreated is a life‐threatening condition. Early medical intervention can reverse clinical signs and should be instituted as soon as possible.
Serum uric acid and Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Balabandian Mohammad , Salahi Sarvenaz , Mahmoudvand Behnaz , Esmaeilzadeh Mahla , Hashemi Seyedeh Melika , Nabizadeh Fardin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNumerous studies attempted to fully understand the association between serum uric acid (UA) and Parkinson's disease. Due to the contradictory results, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the association between UA and PD.MethodsWe conducted a literature search in the electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. We included all studies comparing serum uric acid in PD patients and control subjects.ResultsAfter the screening, 30 studies met our inclusion criteria and entered our systematic review and meta‐analysis. The mean difference (MD) of UA between PD and control using a random‐effect model was −00.49 (95% CI −0.65, −0.33).ConclusionOur results suggests that serum levels of UA are significantly lower in patients with PD than in healthy subjects. However, further studies are needed to clarify the association of geographic region, PD progression, and PD treatment with UA serum levels.
The evolution of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis in the Late Cretaceous is a key driver of explosive diversification in Agaricomycetes
Authors: Sato Hirotoshi 
Published: June 2023

Summary
Ectomycorrhizal (EcM) symbiosis, a ubiquitous plant–fungus interaction in forests, evolved in parallel in fungi. Why the evolution of EcM fungi did not necessarily increase ecological opportunities for explosive diversification remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the driving mechanism of the evolutionary diversification in the fungal class Agaricomycetes, specifically by testing whether the evolution of EcM symbiosis in the Late Cretaceous increased ecological opportunities.
The historical character transitions of trophic state and fruitbody form were estimated based on phylogenies inferred from fragments of 89 single‐copy genes. Moreover, five analyses were used to estimate the net diversification rates (speciation rate minus extinction rate).
The results indicate that the unidirectional evolution of EcM symbiosis occurred 27 times, ranging in date from the Early Triassic to the Early Paleogene. The increased diversification rates appeared to occur intensively at the stem of EcM fungal clades diverging in the Late Cretaceous, coinciding with the rapid diversification of EcM angiosperms. By contrast, the evolution of fruitbody form was not strongly linked with the increased diversification rates.
These findings suggest that the evolution of EcM symbiosis in the Late Cretaceous, supposedly with coevolving EcM angiosperms, was the key drive of the explosive diversification in Agaricomycetes.
Trained immunity in the pathogenesis of vitiligo
Authors: Post Nicoline F. , Ginski Greta , Peters Rens , Van Uden Nathalie O. P. , Bekkenk Marcel W. , Wolkerstorfer Albert , Netea Mihai G. , Luiten Rosalie M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVitiligo is caused by an autoimmune reaction against melanocytes leading to melanocyte loss. The cause of vitiligo is an interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Both the adaptive immune system—through cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and melanocyte specific antibodies—and the innate immune system are involved in these immune processes in vitiligo. While recent data stressed the importance of innate immunity in vitiligo, the question remains why vitiligo patients' immune response becomes overly activated. Could a long‐term increase in innate memory function, described as trained immunity after vaccination and in other inflammatory diseases, play a role as an enhancer and continuous trigger in the pathogenesis of vitiligo? After exposure to certain stimuli, innate immune system is able to show an enhanced immunological response to a secondary trigger, indicating a memory function of the innate immune system, a concept termed trained immunity. Trained immunity is regulated by epigenetic reprogramming, including histone chemical modifications and changes in chromatin accessibility that cause sustained changes in the transcription of specific genes. In responses to an infection, trained immunity is beneficial. However, there are indications of a pathogenic role of trained immunity in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, with monocytes presenting features of a trained phenotype, resulting in increased cytokine production, altered cell metabolism through mTOR signaling, and epigenetic modifications. This hypothesis paper focusses on vitiligo studies that have shown these indications, suggesting the involvement of trained immunity in vitiligo. Future studies focusing on metabolic and epigenetic changes in innate immune cell populations in vitiligo could help in elucidating the potential role of trained immunity in vitiligo pathogenesis.
Identifying the structure of within‐team variance in ratings of team constructs
Authors: Schmidt Joseph A. , Dunlop Patrick D. , O'Neill Thomas A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearchers frequently assume some degree of consensus among team members' perceptions when aggregating individual survey responses to the team level. Literature reviews have routinely found, however, substantial within‐team variance in referent‐shift consensus measures of team constructs and that team member agreement is often lower than desired. To enhance our understanding of the structure of within‐team variance, using a sample of 20,183 individuals in 4,313 teams, we explored the proportion of variance attributable to different sources (response acquiescence, positivity bias, and rater variance specific to each construct) for five team constructs. We also examined the extent to which within‐team variance changed over time with a subsample of 3,720 individuals in 731 teams. The results indicated that constructs thought to be more observable, including role clarity and monitoring goal progress, appeared to be less prone to idiosyncratic perceiver effects and that the processes were widely experienced by all team members. Conversely, relationship conflict showed higher levels of within‐team variance and team consensus actually decreased over time. These findings indicate that perceptions of relationship conflict are influenced by the individual differences of team members and that conflict may be restricted to dyads or subgroups within teams. Overall, the findings indicate that stable perceiver effects and processes that are limited to a small proportion of team members may have a stronger influence on ratings of some team constructs than previously thought. We conclude with suggestions for theory development, team construct measurement, and advice to understand processes that lead to consensus in perceptions of team constructs.