bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Budget impact analysis of two treatment approaches for hepatitis C in Malaysia through the use of voluntary and compulsory licensing options
Authors: Azzeri Amirah , Dahlui Maznah , Mohamed Rosmawati , McDonald Scott Alexander , Jaafar Hafiz , Shabaruddin Fatiha Hana 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionA scaled-up treatment cascade with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy is necessary to achieve global WHO targets for hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination in Malaysia. Recently, limited access to sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (SOF/DAC) is available through compulsory licensing, with access to sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) expected through voluntary licensing due to recent agreements. SOF/VEL has superior clinical outcomes but has higher drug acquisition costs compared to SOF/DAC. A stratified treatment cascade might be the most cost-efficient approach for Malaysia whereby all HCV patients are treated with SOF/DAC except for patients with cirrhosis who are treated with SOF/VEL.MethodsThis study aimed to conduct a 5-year budget impact analysis of the proposed stratified treatment cascade for HCV treatment in Malaysia. A disease progression model that was developed based on model-predicted HCV epidemiology data was used for the analysis, where all HCV patients in scenario A were treated with SOF/DAC for all disease stages while in scenario B, SOF/DAC was used only for non-cirrhotic patients and SOF/VEL was used for the cirrhotic patients. Healthcare costs associated with DAA therapy and disease stage monitoring were included to estimate the downstream cost implications.ResultsThe stratified treatment cascade with 109 in Scenario B was found to be cost-saving compared to Scenario A. The cumulative savings for the stratified treatment cascade was USD 1.4 million over 5 years.DiscussionA stratified treatment cascade with SOF/VEL was expected to be cost-saving and can result in a budget impact reduction in overall healthcare expenditure in Malaysia.
Barriers and facilitators to the adoption of physical activity policies in elementary schools from the perspective of principals: An application of the consolidated framework for implementation research–A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wendt Janine , Scheller Daniel A. , Flechtner-Mors Marion , Meshkovska Biljana , Luszczynska Aleksandra , Lien Nanna , Forberger Sarah , Banik Anna , Lobczowska Karolina , Steinacker Jürgen M. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundStudies have shown that policies to promote physical activity in schools can have a positive impact on children's physical activity behavior. However, a large research gap exists as to what determinants may influence the adoption of such policies. Applying the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we investigated barriers and facilitators to the adoption of physical activity policies in elementary schools in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, from the perspective of school principals.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between May and June 2021. School principals from elementary and special needs schools (n = 2,838) were invited to participate in the study. The online questionnaire used was developed based on the CFIR and included questions on school characteristics and constructs of the CFIR domains inner setting, characteristics of individuals, and process. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations between policy adoption and school characteristics as well as CFIR determinants.ResultsIn total, 121 schools (4%) participated in the survey, of which 49 (40.5%) reported having adopted a policy to promote physical activity. Positive associations with policy adoption were found for general willingness among teaching staff [odds ratio (OR): 5.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.92–15.05], available resources (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.18–3.91), access to knowledge and information (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.09–4.09), and stakeholder engagement (OR: 3.47, 95% CI: 1.24–9.75).ConclusionsThis study provides a first insight into potential barriers and facilitators at the organizational level of schools that may be relevant to the adoption of physical activity policies, from the perspective of school principals. However, due to a low response rate, the results must be interpreted with caution. A strength of this study includes theoretical foundation through the use of the CFIR. The CFIR could be well-adapted to the school setting and provided valuable support for developing the questionnaire and interpreting the study results.
The impact of anti-Asian racism on routine activities and mental health among Korean American older adults and their caregivers
Authors: Han Hae-Ra , Min Deborah , Yun Ji-Young , Joo Jin Hui , Lee Hochang Benjamin , Kwon Simona 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionReported anti-Asian discrimination has been on the rise since the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, limited research addresses the health impact of perceived anti-Asian racism on Asian Americans, especially among older adults, during COVID-19. To address the gap, we examined how the novel coronavirus pandemic affected Korean American older adults, one of the largest Asian subgroups. Specifically, this study addressed the magnitude of racism or discrimination related to the pandemic and impact of anti-Asian racism on negative mental health symptoms among Korean American older adults and their caregivers.MethodsWe used survey data collected from 175 Korean American older adults with probable dementia and their primary caregivers (female = 62%, mean age = 71 years) who went through eligibility screening for an ongoing randomized controlled trial involving dyads in the Baltimore-Washington and the New York Metropolitan areas (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03909347).ResultsNearly a quarter of the survey sample reported they were fearful for their safety due to anti-Asian racism related to the pandemic. Additionally, 47% of the respondents indicated changes to routine activities due to anti-Asian racism or discrimination related to COVID-19. The most common changes included avoiding walking alone or physical activities outside, followed by avoiding public transportation or leaving the house to go to any public places such as grocery stores, churches, or schools, not carrying out usual social activities, and avoiding going to health care appointments. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that people who reported changes to routine activities were at least five times more likely (adjusted odds ratio = 5.017, 95% confidence interval = 1.503, 16.748) to report negative mental health symptoms than those who did not. Being fearful for their own safety was not associated with experiencing negative mental health symptoms in the survey sample.DiscussionStudy findings indicate that the increased reporting of anti-Asian racism during the COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected Korean American older adults and their caregivers. The mechanism by which changes to routine activities is related to negative mental health symptoms is unclear, future research is needed to elucidate this pathway. Furthermore, our findings highlight the importance of identifying multi-level strategies to raise awareness of and to mitigate the reported surge of racism.
Effect of fabric mulch ground covers on lemon trees rhizosphere microbiome in Florida flatwood soils
Authors: Santiago John M. , Fox John-Paul , Guzmán Sandra M. , Rossi Lorenzo 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe rhizosphere community composition has been shown to provide benefits in nutrient acquisition and plant health. Rhizosphere communities can be heavily influenced by cultural practices in citrus production systems, providing benefits in soil and root health, and plant physiology. Florida growers are implementing new and more sustainable soil management practices, such as using fabric mulch ground covers to improve weed and pest control, while retaining soil moisture. Little is known regarding the influence of these ground covers on the rhizosphere microbial communities of lemon trees, especially under endemic Huanglongbing pressure. Understanding how lemon roots and the rhizosphere microbiome are influenced by fabric mulch ground covers can potentially lead to improved management practices. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of fabric mulch ground covers on lemon tree rhizosphere health.MethodsThe experiment was conducted in a commercial citrus grove located in Fort Pierce, FL, US. Plant material consisted of four-year old lemon trees cv. ‘Meyer’ (Citrus limon) grafted on ‘sour orange’ (Citrus × aurantium) rootstocks. The experiment consisted of two treatments, which included trees grown with fabric mulch ground covers and trees grown without fabric mulch ground covers. Rhizosphere DNA was extracted, sequenced, and analyzed to assess differences in diversity and composition (alpha and beta diversity) of rhizosphere bacteria among treatments.Results and DiscussionObtained results showed that lemon trees treated with fabric mulch ground covers had significantly greater rhizosphere bacterial diversity when compared to the uncovered trees. The presence of fabric mulch ground covers resulted in significantly greater soil Zn, soil Mn, soil temperatures and pH, potentially contributing towards the significant more diverse rhizosphere bacterial commu
nity composition compared than those grown without fabric mulch ground covers.
Long-Term outcomes of uncut roux-en-Y anastomosis in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhu Guangxu , Zhou Shengjie , Shen Xiaoru , Qu Jianjun 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundUncut Roux-en-Y (U-RY) has been increasingly used in radical gastric cancer surgery, but it is still in the exploratory stage. There is insufficient evidence for its long-term efficacy.MethodsFrom January 2012 to October 2017, a total of 280 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer were eventually included in this study. Patients undergoing U-RY were assigned to the U-RY group, while patients undergoing BillrothII with Braun (B II + Braun) were assigned to the B II + Braun group.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, first exhaust time, time to liquid diet, and length of postoperative hospital stay (all P &gt; 0.05). Endoscopic evaluation was performed 1 year after surgery. Compared to B II + Braun group, the uncut Roux-en-Y group had significantly lower incidences of gastric stasis [16.3% (15/92) vs. 28.2% (42/149), χ2 = 4.448, P = 0.035], gastritis [13.0% (12/92) vs. 24.8% (37/149), χ2 = 4.880, P = 0.027] and bile reflux [2.2% (2/92) vs. 20.8% (11/149), χ2 = 16.707, P &lt; 0.001], and the differences were statistically significant. The questionnaire was completed 1 year after surgery,the QLQ-STO22 scores showed that, the uncut Roux-en-Y group had a lower pain score(8.5 ± 11.1 vs. 11.9 ± 9.7, P = 0.009) and reflux score(7.9 ± 8.5 vs. 11.0 ± 11.5, P = 0.012), and the differences were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in overall survival (P = 0.688) and disease-free survival (P = 0.505) between the two groups.ConclusionUncut Roux-en-Y has the advantages of better safety, better quality of life and fewer complications, and is expected to be one of the best methods for digestive tract reconstruction.
The Development of Dyslipidemia in Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Cardiovascular Damage, and the Protective Effects of Curcuminoids
Authors: Ceja-Galicia Zeltzin Alejandra , Aranda-Rivera Ana Karina , Amador-Martínez Isabel , Aparicio-Trejo Omar Emiliano , Tapia Edilia , Trujillo Joyce , Ramírez Victoria , Pedraza-Chaverri José 
Published: February 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health problem that is constantly growing. This disease presents a diverse symptomatology that implies complex therapeutic management. One of its characteristic symptoms is dyslipidemia, which becomes a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases and increases the mortality of CKD patients. Various drugs, particularly those used for dyslipidemia, consumed in the course of CKD lead to side effects that delay the patient’s recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to implement new therapies with natural compounds, such as curcuminoids (derived from the Curcuma longa plant), which can cushion the damage caused by the excessive use of medications. This manuscript aims to review the current evidence on the use of curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in CKD and CKD-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD). We first described oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic reprogramming as factors that induce dyslipidemia in CKD and their association with CVD development. We proposed the potential use of curcuminoids in CKD and their utilization in clinics to treat CKD-dyslipidemia.
Lacrimal Gland Epithelial Cells Shape Immune Responses through the Modulation of Inflammasomes and Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Delcroix Vanessa , Mauduit Olivier , Yang Menglu , Srivastava Amrita , Umazume Takeshi , de Paiva Cintia S. , Shestopalov Valery I. , Dartt Darlene A. , Makarenkova Helen P. 
Published: February 2023

Lacrimal gland inflammation triggers dry eye disease through impaired tear secretion by the epithelium. As aberrant inflammasome activation occurs in autoimmune disorders including Sjögren’s syndrome, we analyzed the inflammasome pathway during acute and chronic inflammation and investigated its potential regulators. Bacterial infection was mimicked by the intraglandular injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and nigericin, known to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Acute injury of the lacrimal gland was induced by interleukin (IL)-1α injection. Chronic inflammation was studied using two Sjögren’s syndrome models: diseased NOD.H2b compared to healthy BALBc mice and Thrombospondin-1-null (TSP-1-/-) compared to TSP-1WT C57BL/6J mice. Inflammasome activation was investigated by immunostaining using the R26ASC-citrine reporter mouse, by Western blotting, and by RNAseq. LPS/Nigericin, IL-1α and chronic inflammation induced inflammasomes in lacrimal gland epithelial cells. Acute and chronic inflammation of the lacrimal gland upregulated multiple inflammasome sensors, caspases 1/4, and interleukins Il1b and Il18. We also found increased IL-1β maturation in Sjögren’s syndrome models compared with healthy control lacrimal glands. Using RNA-seq data of regenerating lacrimal glands, we found that lipogenic genes were upregulated during the resolution of inflammation following acute injury. In chronically inflamed NOD.H2b lacrimal glands, an altered lipid metabolism was associated with disease progression: genes for cholesterol metabolism were upregulated, while genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism and fatty acid synthesis were downregulated, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)/sterol regulatory element-binding 1 (SREBP-1)-dependent signaling. We conclude that epithelial cells can promote immune responses by forming inflammasomes, and that sustained inflammasome activation, together with an altered lipid metabolism, are key players of Sjögren’s syndrome-like pathogenesis in the NOD.H2b mouse lacrimal gland by promoting epithelial dysfunction and inflammation.
Snail: An Eco-Friendly Autonomous Steam Mopping Robot for Cleaning and Disinfection of Floors
Authors: Pookkuttath Sathian , Elara Mohan Rajesh , Mohan Rayguru Madan , Saldi Zaki Saptari , Sivanantham Vinu , Ramalingam Balakrishnan 
Published: February 2023

Steam mopping is an eco-friendly solution for cleaning and disinfecting floors, avoiding harsh chemicals or harmful UV lights. Currently, commercial steam mopping systems are manually operated, which is laborious and unsafe. This work presents the design methodology of a novel, eco-friendly autonomous steam mopping robot named ‘Snail’ for cleaning and disinfecting typical indoor floors, namely tile, carpet, concrete, vinyl, sealed wood, and rugs. Our work is mainly focused on (1) the mechanical system design, including the locomotion, steam dispenser, and mopping unit, (2) the hardware and software architecture, and (3) the motion control system’s design for smooth maneuverability and mitigating friction forces. A high-gain friction estimator is proposed, whose output is exploited by the motion controller to follow the desired path and compensate for the traction-based locomotion disturbances due to extensive mop contact with a rough-textured floor, such as carpet. The proposed autonomous steam mopping robot’s efficiency is validated with different floors with zig-zagging cleaning patterns, setting a minimum of 100 °C as the disinfecting steam criterion. Using the proposed motion control algorithm, we validate the smooth maneuverability, assuring the robot traverses with a given speed and follows the trajectory even on a rough carpeted floor. The cleaning efficiency is tested by removing hard stains, consuming less water, and faster wet floor drying. The robot used only one liter of water to clean a 5 m2 floor area, and the drying time was found to be four times faster than normal water mopping. The proposed steam mopping robot design is ideal for cleaning and disinfecting hospitals and eldercare centers, where hygiene is crucial, and promoting going green, avoiding harsh chemicals, and mitigating current cleaner labor concerns, including the risk of infection.
Characterization, Antioxidant Potential, and Pharmacokinetics Properties of Phenolic Compounds from Native Australian Herbs and Fruits
Authors: Ali Akhtar , Cottrell Jeremy J. , Dunshea Frank R. 
Published: February 2023

In recent decades, plant bioactive phenolic compounds gained much attention due to their various health benefits. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze native Australian river mint (Mentha australis), bush mint (Mentha satureioides), sea parsley (Apium prostratum), and bush tomatoes (Solanum centrale) for their bioactive metabolites, antioxidant potential, and pharmacokinetics properties. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was applied to elucidate these plants’ composition, identification, and quantification of phenolic metabolites. This study tentatively identified 123 phenolic compounds (thirty-five phenolic acids, sixty-seven flavonoids, seven lignans, three stilbenes, and eleven other compounds). Bush mint was identified with the highest total phenolic content (TPC—57.70 ± 4.57 mg GAE/g), while sea parsley contained the lowest total phenolic content (13.44 ± 0.39 mg GAE/g). Moreover, bush mint was also identified with the highest antioxidant potential compared to other herbs. Thirty-seven phenolic metabolites were semi-quantified, including rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, sagerinic acid, quinic acid, and caffeic acid, which were abundant in these selected plants. The most abundant compounds’ pharmacokinetics properties were also predicted. This study will develop further research to identify these plants’ nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical potential.
Persentase Tutupan Terumbu Karang di Perairan Pulo Kayee Bakongan Timur, Aceh Selatan
Authors: Yunilda Ifvana Ira , Gazali Mohamad , Suriani Mai , Nufus Hayatun 
Published: February 2023

Terumbu karang merupakan salah satu ekosistem laut yang rentan dengan faktor-faktor antropogenik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk menjaga kelestarian ekosistem terumbu karang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan persentase tutupan terumbu karang di perairan Pulo Kayee Aceh Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 8 November 2021 di perairan Pulau Kayee Gampong Ujong Pulo Rayeuk Kecamatan Bakongan Timur Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Point Intercept Transect (PIT) dengan garis transek sepanjang 100 meter sejajar dengan garis pantai. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa substrat dasar pada stasiun 1 adalah Hard coral dengan persentase tutupan sebesar 58,75%, Dead coral with algae sebesar 28,75%, Rubble 7,50%, Rock 4,38%, Sand 0,63%. Pada Stasiun 2 tutupan substrat Hard coral sebesar 51,88%, Dead coral with algae sebesar 24,38%, Rubble 15,63%, Rock 4,38%, Sand 3,75%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Pulo Kayee masih berada dalam kategori baik.Kata kunci : Persentase tutupan, Pulau Kayee, Terumbu Karang,
TAXONOMICAL STUDY FOR THE SPECIES CHENOPODIUM ALBUM L. AND CHENOPODIASTRUM MURALE L. BELONG TO AMARANTHACE (CHENOPODIACEAE ) AT BAGHDAD
Authors: Zainab Adel Ahmed  , Sukeyna Abaas Aliwy  
Published: February 2023

The current research dealt with a comparative taxonomic study of the two types Chenopodium album L. and Chenopodiastrum murale L. at Baghdad , This research was included a cytological study by calculating the chromosome number by sequence n=27,9. and studying the micro-morphological characteristics of the seeds and fruits of the two types, in addition to the surface covering in the leaf part. All phenotypic characteristics of the seeds were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Light microscope (LM) in terms of shape, colour, dimensions Seed size were measured by the program digmizer , as well as the configuration of the seeds surface , The seeds of Ch.album were distinguished by their dark-black color, while the seeds of the other type were greenish-brown, seeds in addition to the fruits, helped to isolate and classify the two types. The surface covering results showed a variation in terms of density and distribution method on the leaf surface , and the presence of glandular-bladder and a glandular hairs was recorded in Ch.album, while for Ch.murale hairs of the a glandular type were observed. It is worth noting that all the results obtained in this research are presented for the first time in Iraq.
Lifespan effects of current age and of age at the time of remembered events on the affective tone of life narrative memories: Early adolescence and older age are more negative
Authors: Martin Theresa , Kemper Nina F. , Schmiedek Florian , Habermas Tilmann 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe affective tone of autobiographical memories may be influenced by age in two ways—by the current age of the remembering individual and by the age of the remembered self at the time of the remembered event. While aging has been associated with more positive autobiographical memories, young adulthood is remembered more positively than other parts of life. We tested whether these effects also show in life story memories and how they act jointly on affective tone; also, we wanted to explore their effects on remembered lifetimes other than early adulthood. We tested effects of current age and age at event on affective tone with brief entire life narratives provided up to five times across 16 years by 172 Germans of both genders, ages 8 to 81 years. Multilevel analyses found an unexpected negativity effect of aging for current age and confirmed a “golden 20s” effect of remembered age. In addition, women told more negative life stories, and affective tone dipped in early adolescence for current age and was remembered as such up to mid-adulthood. Thus, the affective tone of life story memories is jointly influenced by current and remembered age. The absence of a positivity effect in aging is explained by the specific requirements of telling an entire life. We suggest the turmoil of puberty as a reason for the early adolescence dip. Gender differences are potentially explained by differences in narrative style, in depression rates, and in real-life challenges.