bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic prediction with locally weighted jackknife predictive system
Authors: Wang Di , Wang Ping , Wang Pingping , Wang Cong , He Zhen , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProbabilistic predictions for regression problems are more popular than point predictions and interval predictions, since they contain more information for test labels. Conformal predictive system is a recently proposed non-parametric method to do reliable probabilistic predictions, which is computationally inefficient due to its learning process. To build faster conformal predictive system and make full use of training data, this paper proposes the predictive system based on locally weighted jackknife prediction approach. The theoretical property of our proposed method is proved with some regularity assumptions in the asymptotic setting, which extends our earlier theoretical researches from interval predictions to probabilistic predictions. In the experimental section, our method is implemented based on our theoretical analysis and its comparison with other predictive systems is conducted using 20 public data sets. The continuous ranked probability scores of the predictive distributions and the performance of the derived prediction intervals are compared. The better performance of our proposed method is confirmed with Wilcoxon tests. The experimental results demonstrate that the predictive system we proposed is not only empirically valid, but also provides more information than the other comparison predictive systems.
Transverse Dynamics of Two-Dimensional Traveling Periodic Gravity–Capillary Water Waves
Authors: Haragus Mariana , Truong Tien , Wahlén Erik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study the transverse dynamics of two-dimensional traveling periodic waves for the gravity–capillary water-wave problem. The governing equations are the Euler equations for the irrotational flow of an inviscid fluid layer with free surface under the forces of gravity and surface tension. We focus on two open sets of dimensionless parameters $$(\alpha ,\beta )$$

(
α
,
β
)

, where $$\alpha $$
α
and $$\beta $$
β
are the inverse square of the Froude number and the Weber number, respectively. For each arbitrary but fixed pair $$(\alpha ,\beta )$$

(
α
,
β
)

in one of these sets, two-dimensional traveling periodic waves bifurcate from the trivial constant flow. In one open set we find a one-parameter family of periodic waves, whereas in the other open set we find two geometrically distinct one-parameter families of periodic waves. Starting from a transverse spatial dynamics formulation of the governing equations, we investigate the transverse linear instability of these periodic waves and the induced dimension-breaking bifurcation. The two results share a common analysis of the purely imaginary spectrum of the linearization at a periodic wave. We apply a simple general criterion for the transverse linear instability problem and a Lyapunov center theorem for the dimension-breaking bifurcation. For parameters $$(\alpha ,\beta )$$

(
α
,
β
)

in the open set where there is only one family of periodic waves, we prove that these waves are linearly transversely unstable. For the other open set, we show that the waves with larger wavenumber are transversely linearly unstable. We also identify an open subset of parameters for which both families of periodic waves are transversely linearly unstable. For each of these transversely linearly unstable periodic waves, a dimension-breaking bifurcation occurs in which three-dimensional doubly periodic waves bifurcate from the two-dimensional periodic wave.
Evaluating the influence of wrapping turns for a new packaging method called sustainable specific suspension (3S) packaging
Authors: Nica Ward , Verschueren Gilles , Roman Jannes , Slaets Peter , Juwet Marc 
Published: April 2023

Abstract3S packaging, which stands for sustainable specific suspension packaging, wraps a product on a piece of cardboard using stretch wrap film. This cardboard is then folded and slipped into a box. The product is protected on all six sides by air if impact forces occur. This research focuses on the number of wraps needed to keep the peak acceleration lower than the maximum acceleration that can be tolerated by the product. A new test method is presented, based on existing drop test methods. It is shown that the protection in one specific shock direction (perpendicular to the tray length) is much more affected by the number of wraps than the other, lengthwise, direction. This allows for a focus on that direction when optimizing the number of wraps. The variation in the measured acceleration peaks and the sudden change in acceleration indicate that the package has reached the protection limits and contact is made between the object and the enveloping cardboard box. Combined with the required degree of protection, one can evaluate whether the object is sufficiently protected.
Building a community-scale plastic recycling station to make flower pots from bottle caps
Authors: Chaari Mohamed Zied , Abdelfatah Mohamed , Al-Sulaiti Salman , Daroge Fawwad , Al-Rahimi Rashid , Pereira Gilroy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPlastic waste is increasing worldwide, contributing significantly to pollution and global warming. Our department uses at least 50 plastic water bottles daily; these bottles can be reused to manufacture other products. Recycling plastic waste produces various products, including garden sets for kids, bricks, roof tiles, key holders, and flowerpots. Through this project, we contribute to the fight against pollution caused by plastic waste by developing an easy-to-use plastic processing system. We create these valuable products using plastic collected from landfills. We present an open-source system that can be easily built by a technical team to create an ecosystem. We use the project as a mobile educational model to demonstrate the recycling mechanism and to foster a community recycling culture. The following procedures are included in this study. High-density polyethylene bottle caps are washed and dried before shredding in a shredder to produce flakes. Plastic flakes are fed into an extruder, which heats and transforms them into a homogeneous mass. This molten plastic is molded into the shape of a flowerpot using a die. Pots are great products to obtain from discarded plastic caps due to their strength. Following the fabrication of the entire system, numerous tests are performed to improve the design and obtain the desired specifications, resulting in appealing end products. In our facilities, flowerpots are made from consumer bottle caps and used to grow aloe.
Depiction as possible phase in the dynamics of sociomorphing
Authors: Seibt Johanna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The depiction model presents a major advance in our theoretical conceptualization of how humans experience and understand social robots. But the scope of the model is, I suggest, more limited: It pertains to one possible phase in a more comprehensive cognitive-practical dynamics of sense-making (“sociomorphing”) as conceptualized in the OASIS framework. According to the OASIS framework, some basic social actions can be realized by robots, while others may be depicted in the way described by the model.
When Pinocchio becomes a real boy: Capability and felicity in AI and interactive depictions
Authors: Carroll John M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Clark and Fischer analyze social robots as interactive depictions, presenting characters that people can interact with in social settings. Unlike other types of depictions, the props for social robot depictions depend on emerging interactive technologies. This raises questions about how such depictions depict: They conflate character and prop in ways that delight, confuse, mistreat, and may become ordinary human–technology interactions.
Social robots and the intentional stance
Authors: Veit Walter , Browning Heather 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Why is it that people simultaneously treat social robots as mere designed artefacts, yet show willingness to interact with them as if they were real agents? Here, we argue that Dennett's distinction between the intentional stance and the design stance can help us to resolve this puzzle, allowing us to further our understanding of social robots as interactive depictions.
On the potentials of interaction breakdowns for HRI
Authors: Wrede Britta , Vollmer Anna-Lisa , Krach Sören 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
How do we switch between “playing along” and treating robots as technical agents? We propose interaction breakdowns to help solve this “social artifact puzzle”: Breaks cause changes from fluid interaction to explicit reasoning and interaction with the raw artifact. These changes are closely linked to understanding the technical architecture and could be used to design better human–robot interaction (HRI).
Fictional emotions and emotional reactions to social robots as depictions of social agents
Authors: Blatter Jonas , Weber-Guskar Eva 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Following the depiction theory by Clark and Fischer we would expect people interacting with robots to experience fictional emotions akin to those toward films or novels. However, some people's emotional reactions toward robots display the motivational force typical to non-fictional emotions. We discuss this incongruity and offer two suggestions on how to explain it while maintaining the depiction theory.
High‐Tide Flooding Along the China Coastline: Past and Future
Authors: Li S. , Wahl T. , Fang J. , Liu L. , Jiang T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCoastal flooding has become a major issue for low‐lying coastal cities in China, and a lot of research has focused on assessing flood risk from storms and associated extreme sea levels. High‐tide flooding (HTF), however, which leads to minor inundation and occurs more frequently as sea level continues to rise has not been assessed comprehensively. Here, we analyze HTF along the China coastline using tide gauge records. We show that the frequency of HTF has increased (Xiamen doubled HTF frequency every 11.5–37.4 years, with the median being 17.5 years). As a result, the cumulative loss ratios of HTF are higher than those of major (or extreme) flooding events in several locations. To gain insights into the processes driving HTF changes, we decompose still water levels that occurred during HTF into five components, including non‐linear trend, interannual to decadal mean sea level (MSL) variability, seasonal MSL cycle, tidal anomaly, and nontidal residuals. It is evident that due to sea‐level rise (SLR) fewer components need to combine to raise the water levels above HTF thresholds. We show that the South China Sea coast already experiences HTF purely driven by high spring tides, and will also see the fastest future increase in the number of tide‐only HTF events. In general, China will experience more HTF days under all warming scenarios as SLRs. This long‐term trend will be modulated by the nodal cycle of ocean tides leading to more rapid increases in HTF in the 2030s and 2050s.
Diverse Response of Western North Pacific Anticyclone to Fast‐Decay El Niño During Decaying Summer
Authors: Jiang Leishan , Chen Han‐Ching , Li Tim , Chen Lin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrevious studies suggested that fast‐decay El Niño events are more favorable in generating the western North Pacific anticyclone (WNPAC) in the decaying summer. However, we found that this is not the case for all fast‐decay El Niño events. By comparing two groups of fast‐decay El Niño events with significant and insignificant WNPAC in the following summer, we found that the westward extension of the equatorial Pacific cold sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) and the subtropical central‐north Pacific cold SSTA play important roles in the generation and intensification of the WNPAC during decaying summer. Further analyses indicated that the internal atmospheric mode—North Pacific Oscillation during boreal spring can affect the formation of the cold SSTA over the subtropical central‐north Pacific and the westward extension of the equatorial Pacific cold SSTA during summer. Additional effects of tropical Indian and Atlantic forcing on the maintenance of the WNPAC are also shown.
The Rate of Canopy Development Modulates the Link Between the Timing of Spring Leaf Emergence and Summer Moisture
Authors: Denham Sander O. , Barnes Mallory L. , Chang Qing , Korolev Mitchell , Wood Jeffery D. , Oishi A. Christopher , Shay Kathryn O. , Stoy Paul C. , Chen Jiquan , Novick Kimberly A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractShifts in phenological timing have important implications for ecosystem processes, with spring leaf emergence as a dominant control of carbon, water, and energy cycling. Phenological events are predominantly determined by weather and climate, therefore dynamic in time and sensitive to climate feedbacks. Improving our understanding of how ecosystems respond to changes in phenological timing will enhance our ability to assess summer soil water availability, since the timing of spring leaf emergence may lead to soil moisture deficits later in the growing season. We leveraged data from five AmeriFlux towers in central and eastern United States to investigate the extent spring leaf emergence (i.e., start of spring, SoS) influences rates at which forest canopies develop and how this impacts summer soil moisture (θJJA) variability. Our results indicate that ecosystem processes, specifically gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET), exhibit compensatory responses to varying leaf emergence; with delayed spring‐onset, the canopy developed more quickly, resulting in rapid GPP and ET increases, consistent across sites. Nonetheless, early SoS is a relatively good indicator for potential summer soil water deficits, particularly when it occurs together with meteorological conditions (i.e., lower‐than‐average precipitation, hot summer temperatures) that contribute to soil water deficits. When these meteorological conditions coincide with early SoS, θJJA deficits are exacerbated. To the extent that these extreme conditions occur more frequently under future climate scenarios, the dynamics of spring phenology and hydroclimate may play an increasingly important role in portending the likelihood of summer water deficits, which are projected to become more severe.
Thermo‐Kinematic Evolution of the Eastern European Alps Along the TRANSALP Transect
Authors: Eizenhöfer Paul R. , Glotzbach Christoph , Kley Jonas , Ehlers Todd A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe eastern European Alps are shaped by the indentation of Adria into Europe. Recent tomography, depicting detached slab fragments, has been interpreted as evidence of continuous southward subduction of European lithosphere, contrary to an often‐invoked subduction polarity reversal. Orogen‐scale exhumation, driven by rock displacement along active faults, may reflect subduction polarity within the framework of doubly‐vergent Coulomb wedge theory, provided the absence of rheological contrasts across the colliding plates. Low‐temperature thermochronology can evaluate crustal cooling in response to changes in tectonic and erosional boundary conditions. This study investigates the consistency of observed crustal re‐organization, exhumation, and mantle processes in the Eastern Alps. Thermo‐kinematic forward models driven by reconstructions of crustal shortening along the TRANSALP geophysical transect were subjected to variations in shortening rates, thermophysical parameters, and topographic evolution, supplemented by new fission‐track data. The thermo‐kinematic models reproduce: (a) the orogen‐scale structural geometry, (b) the distribution of thermochronometer ages, (c) observed time‐temperature paths, and (f) the present‐day surface heat flux. Results suggest that exhumation is driven by rock displacement along active faults without the need to involve mantle‐driven buoyancy forces. Taken together, the results identify two possible scenarios: if the Tauern Ramp is a retro‐thrust and the southward shift of deformation in the Southern Alps is a response to new Coulomb‐wedge conditions, then our results support a Mid‐Miocene reversal of the subduction polarity. Alternatively, crustal deformation does not reflect mantle processes entailing a high degree of inter‐plate decoupling.
3D-printing-assisted flexible pressure sensor with a concentric circle pattern and high sensitivity for health monitoring
Authors: Lee Jihun , So Hongyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, a flexible pressure sensor is fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a concentric circle pattern (CCP) obtained through a fused deposition modeling (FDM)-type three-dimensional (3D) printer and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the active layer. Through layer-by-layer additive manufacturing, the CCP surface is generated from a thin cone model with a rough surface by the FDM-type 3D printer. A novel compression method is employed to convert the cone shape into a planar microstructure above the glass transition temperature of a polylactic acid (PLA) filament. To endow the CCP surface with conductivity, PDMS is used to replicate the compressed PLA, and PEDOT:PSS is coated by drop-casting. The size of the CCP is controlled by changing the printing layer height (PLH), which is one of the 3D printing parameters. The sensitivity increases as the PLH increases, and the pressure sensor with a 0.16 mm PLH exhibits outstanding sensitivity (160 kPa−1), corresponding to a linear pressure range of 0–0.577 kPa with a good linearity of R2 = 0.978, compared to other PLHs. This pressure sensor exhibits stable and repeatable operation under various pressures and durability under 6.56 kPa for 4000 cycles. Finally, monitoring of various health signals such as those for the wrist pulse, swallowing, and pronunciation of words is demonstrated as an application. These results support the simple fabrication of a highly sensitive, flexible pressure sensor for human health monitoring.
The preterm gut microbiota and administration routes of different probiotics: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rahkola Ella-Noora , Rautava Samuli , Hiltunen Henni , Ross Chandler , Lahti Leo , Isolauri Erika 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Preterm children with their aberrant gut microbiota and susceptibility to infections and inflammation constitute a considerable target group for probiotic therapy to generate the age-appropriate healthy microbiota.

Methods
68 preterm neonates were randomized into five intervention groups: Beginning from the median age of 3 days, 13 children received Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) directly orally, and 17 via the lactating mother. 14 children received LGG with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 (Bb12) orally, and 10 via the lactating mother. 14 children received placebo. The children’s faecal microbiota was assessed at the age of 7 days by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Results
The gut microbiota compositions of the children directly receiving the probiotic combination (LGG + Bb12) were significantly different from those of the children receiving the other intervention modes or placebo (p = 0.0012; PERMANOVA), the distinction being due to an increase in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium animalis (P < 0.00010; ANCOM-BC), and the order Lactobacillales (P = 0.020; ANCOM-BC).

Conclusion
The connection between aberrant primary gut microbiota and a heightened risk of infectious and non-communicable diseases invites effective microbiota modulation. We show that the direct, early, and brief probiotic intervention of LGG + Bb12 109 CFU each, is sufficient to modulate the gut microbiota of the preterm neonate.

Impact

Preterm children have a higher risk of several health problems partly due to their aberrant gut microbiota.

More research is needed to find a safe probiotic intervention to modify the gut microbiota of preterm children. The maternal administration route via breast milk might be safer for the newborn.

In our study, the early and direct administration of the probiotic combination Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 increased the proportion of bifidobacteria in the preterm children’s gut at the age of 7 days, but the maternal administration route was not as effective.
Necrocide 1 mediates necrotic cell death and immunogenic response in human cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Jing , Trojel-Hansen Christina , Wang Jianghuang , Zhang Zili , Wang Xing , Qiao Yuhui , Jiao Huike , Michaud Mickaël , Kepp Oliver , Jäättelä Marja , Kroemer Guido , Zhong Qing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany anticancer agents induce apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe or cellular senescence. Here, we report the functional characterization of an experimental inducer of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-independent necrosis, necrocide-1 (NC1). NC1 (but not its stereoisomer) killed a panel of human cancer cells (but not normal cells) at nanomolar concentrations and with a non-apoptotic, necrotic morphotype, both in vitro and in vivo. NC1-induced killing was not inhibited by caspase blockers, anti-apoptotic BCL2 overexpression or TNFα neutralization, suggesting that NC1 elicits a bona fide necrotic pathway. However, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis failed to block NC1-mediated cell death. Instead, NC1 elicited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by mitochondria, and elimination of mitochondrial DNA, quenching of mitochondrial ROS, as well as blockade of mitochondrial permeability transition with cyclosporine A, interfered with NC1-induced cell death. NC1 induced hallmarks of immunogenic cell death incurring calreticulin (CALR) exposure, ATP secretion and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release. Taken together, these data identify a previously uncharacterized signaling cascade leading to an immunogenic variant of mitochondrion-regulated necrosis, supporting the notion that eliciting regulated necrosis may constitute a valid approach for anticancer therapy.
Derepression may masquerade as activation in ligand-gated ion channels
Authors: Tessier Christian J. G. , Emlaw Johnathon R. , Sturgeon Raymond M. , daCosta Corrie J. B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAgonists are ligands that bind to receptors and activate them. In the case of ligand-gated ion channels, such as the muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, mechanisms of agonist activation have been studied for decades. Taking advantage of a reconstructed ancestral muscle-type β-subunit that forms spontaneously activating homopentamers, here we show that incorporation of human muscle-type α-subunits appears to repress spontaneous activity, and furthermore that the presence of agonist relieves this apparent α-subunit-dependent repression. Our results demonstrate that rather than provoking channel activation/opening, agonists may instead ‘inhibit the inhibition’ of intrinsic spontaneous activity. Thus, agonist activation may be the apparent manifestation of agonist-induced derepression. These results provide insight into intermediate states that precede channel opening and have implications for the interpretation of agonism in ligand-gated ion channels.