bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative applicability of MCDM‐SWOT based techniques for developing integrated watershed management framework
Authors: Nasiri Khiavi Ali , Vafakhah Mehdi , Sadeghi Seyed Hamidreza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnvironmental planning facilitates decision‐making to achieve sustainable development goals and provides a crucial way to achieve integrated watershed management (IWM). However, such systematic planning has not been adequately conducted worldwide. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop an IWM framework using SWOT (i.e., strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) model for the Cheshmeh–Kileh Watershed, Mazandaran Province, Iran. The input components were comparatively weighted using different multicriteria decision‐making (MCDM) techniques, including Game Theory Algorithm (GTA), Best–Worst Method (BWM), VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Semistructured interviews with stakeholders, including watershed residents, executive experts, and policymakers, were used to identify the SWOT factors. The number of interviewees in subgroups of local users, policy‐making institutions and executive organization were 75, 13, and 6 respectively. Five different MCDM techniques were then used to calculate the overall weight of SWOT factors. According to the results, the groups of SWOT factors of abundant water resources, severe floods, promotion of environmental conservation culture, and increasing migration of young age groups with respective weights of 0.298, 0.298, 0.372, and 0.279 scored higher than other factors. Based on the overall weights, it can be said that positive factors scored more points than negative factors. Therefore, according to the opinions of the stakeholders, the Cheshmeh–Kileh Watershed was in a good condition based on strengths and opportunities compared to weaknesses and threats, and for this reason, GTA and SAW, which had included the watershed status in the growth and development strategy, were selected as the best method. BWM and TOPSIS provided relatively acceptable results, and the weakest result was associated with VIKOR, which showed the watershed status in the defensive strategy. The present study results can help managers in optimal decisions for planning and optimal management in the Cheshmeh–Kileh Watershed to create ecological balance and increase the welfare of watershed residents.
Clinical and epidemiological risk factors for infantile hemangioma: A case‐control study
Authors: Chehad Ahmed Samaouel , Hamza Odai , Mansoul Tarek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is limited data on risk‐factors of infantile hemangioma (IH) in African and Arab countries. One hundred thirty‐two patients with IH were enrolled and compared to 282 healthy controls. Female sex (odds ratios [OR]: 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–3.6), low birth weight (OR: 4.5; 95% CI 1.9–10.6), and progesterone intake (OR: 38.6; 95% CI 5–296) were the only independent risk factors identified for development of IH, while no associations were found multiple gestation and preeclampsia.
Europe's contribution to the evaluation of the use of systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Herrera David , van Winkelhoff Arie Jan , Matesanz Paula , Lauwens Katalina , Teughels Wim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis narrative review celebrates Europe's contribution to the current knowledge on systemically administered antimicrobials in periodontal treatment. Periodontitis is the most frequent chronic noncommunicable human disease. It is caused by dysbiotic bacterial biofilms and is commonly treated with subgingival instrumentation. However, some sites/patients do not respond adequately, and its limitations and shortcomings have been recognized. This has led to the development of alternative or adjunctive therapies. One is the use of antimicrobials to target bacteria in subgingival biofilms in the periodontal pocket, which can be targeted directly through the pocket entrance with a locally delivered antibiotic or systemically by oral, intravenous, or intramuscular methods. Since the early 20th century, several studies on systemic antibiotics have been undertaken and published, especially between 1990 and 2010. Europe's latest contribution to this topic is the first European Federation of Periodontology, S3‐level Clinical Practice Guideline, which incorporates recommendations related to the use of adjuncts to treat stage I‐III periodontitis. Understanding the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases, specifically periodontitis, has influenced the use of systemic periodontal antibiotic therapy. Randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews with meta‐analyses have demonstrated the clinical advantages of adjunctive systemic antimicrobials. However, current recommendations are restrictive due to concerns about antibiotic misuse and the increase in microbial antibiotic resistance. European researchers have contributed to the use of systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of periodontitis through clinical trials and by providing rational guidelines. Nowadays, European researchers are exploring alternatives and directing clinical practice by providing evidence‐based guidelines to limit the use of systemic antimicrobials.
Monogenean Sparicotyle chrysophrii: The major pathogen of the Mediterranean gilthead seabream aquaculture
Authors: Mladineo Ivona , Volpatti Donatella , Beraldo Paola , Rigos George , Katharios Pantelis , Padros Francesc 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFollowing the intensification of the Mediterranean aquaculture over the years, Sparicotyle (syn. Microcotyle) chrysophrii (van Beneden and Hesse, 1863; Microcotylidae, Monogenea) became one of the most pathogenic ectoparasites for the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) aquaculture. It has demonstrated a remarkable versatility to expand over its known host range, accomplish an efficient transfer between the wild and farmed sparid populations over wide geographic areas, and establish itself as the most detrimental gilthead seabream pathogen. Even though the incidence of S. chrysophrii is closely monitored in marine aquaculture system throughout the Mediterranean, there is a general lack of recent and publicly available data on its epidemiology. Being considered as a parasite whose proliferation is expected to increase under global warming conditions, such lack of data additionally humpers the implementation of integrated pest management strategy at national and Mediterranean level. While EU scientific initiatives greatly contributed to our understanding of S. chrysophrii biology, ecology and sparicotylosis treatment and pathogenesis, there is more ahead to elucidate about the mitigation of the diseases, particularly towards the development of genomic selection breeding programs of parasite‐resilient gilthead seabream, omic‐based screening of novel drug targets and reversed vaccinology.
Effectiveness of fluorides in root caries prevention, Department of Veterans Affairs (2009–2018)
Authors: Jones Judith A. , Gibson Gretchen , Cabral Howard J. , Wehler Carolyn J. , Orner Michelle B. , Jurasic M. Marianne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of topical fluorides in prevention of root caries‐related treatment in high caries risk Veterans.MethodsThis retrospective analysis of longitudinal data examined the effectiveness of professionally applied or prescription (Rx) fluoride treatment, in VHA clinics from FY 2009–2018. Professional fluoride treatments included 5% Sodium Fluoride (NaF) varnish (22 600 ppm fluoride), 2% NaF gel/rinse (9050 ppm fluoride), and 1.23% APF gel (12 300 ppm fluoride). The Rx for daily home use was 1.1% NaF paste/gel (5000 ppm fluoride). Outcomes studied were new root caries restorations or extractions and percent of patients with treatment over 1 year. Logistic regressions were adjusted for age, gender, race, ethnicity, chronic medical or psychiatric conditions, number of medication classes, anticholinergic drugs, smoking, baseline root caries treatment, preventive care, and time between first‐last restoration in the index year.ResultsRoot caries at baseline was associated with a high risk for new root caries. Veterans without root caries during the index year who received a fluoride gel/rinse intervention were 32–40% less likely to receive caries‐related treatment for root caries during the follow‐up period. Once Veterans had root caries, fluorides did not exhibit a positive effect.ConclusionIn older adults with high caries risk, early fluoride prevention is key, before root caries requires treatment.
Effects of winter indoor environment on the skin: Unveiling skin condition changes in Korea
Authors: Park Eun Hye , Jo Da Jung , Jeon Hyo Won , Na Seong Jin 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn Korea, winter can cause skin dryness due to low relative humidity (RH); moreover, indoor heating devices promote moisture loss and air pollution. If dryness persists, dead skin cells accumulate, leading to skin problems; therefore, careful skin care is required. This study aimed to compare changes in skin conditions when exposed to an indoor environment for a short period of 6 h in winter, and to suggest proper winter skin care practices.MethodsA randomized, split‐face clinical study was conducted in which healthy female participants with normal skin were exposed to an indoor environment with a heater turned on for a short period at least 6 h per day in the winter season, and cream was applied to one side of the face. Skin temperature, hydration, sebum, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), elasticity, texture, pores, redness, and wrinkles were measured at the treated and nontreated sites.ResultsAfter 6 h of exposure, skin temperature, pores, roughness, redness, and wrinkles significantly increased (p < 0.05) on the face, whereas TEWL significantly increased on the forearm (p < 0.05). However, sebum secretion appeared to function as a barrier to maintain homeostasis in the facial skin. Elasticity, pores, texture, and wrinkles in the cream‐treated ceramide site improved compared to those in the nontreated site (p < 0.05). The moisture content was also significantly higher in the forearm (p < 0.05).ConclusionChanges in skin parameters of participants with healthy skin were observed even after short‐term exposure to an indoor environment in winter. Creams containing ceramide maintain skin homeostasis and protect the skin barrier; therefore, it is recommended to use such creams to prevent skin damage and maintain healthy skin, particularly during prolonged exposure to indoor environments during winter.
Post‐hybridization introgression and natural selection promoted genomic divergence of Aegilops speltoides and the four S*‐genome diploid species
Authors: Wang Xin‐Feng , Zhang Yu‐Xin , Niu Yu‐Qian , Sha Yan , Wang Zhen‐Hui , Zhang Zhi‐Bin , Yang Ji , Liu Bao , Li Lin‐Feng 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYUnderstanding how different driving forces have promoted biological divergence and speciation is one of the central issues in evolutionary biology. The Triticum/Aegilops species complex contains 13 diploid species belonging to the A‐, B‐ and D‐lineages and offers an ideal system to address the evolutionary dynamics of lineage fusion and splitting. Here, we sequenced the whole genomes of one S‐genome species (Aegilops speltoides) of the B‐lineage and four S*‐genome diploid species (Aegilops bicornis, Aegilops longissima, Aegilops sharonensis and Aegilops searsii) of the D‐lineage at the population level. We performed detailed comparisons of the five species and with the other four representative A‐, B‐ and D‐lineage species. Our estimates identified frequent genetic introgressions from A‐ and B‐lineages to the D‐lineage species. A remarkable observation is the contrasting distributions of putative introgressed loci by the A‐ and B‐lineages along all the seven chromosomes to the extant D‐lineage species. These genetic introgressions resulted in high levels of genetic divergence at centromeric regions between Ae. speltoides (B‐lineage) and the other four S*‐genome diploid species (D‐lineage), while natural selection is a potential contributor to divergence among the four S*‐genome species at telomeric regions. Our study provides a genome‐wide view on how genetic introgression and natural selection acted together yet chromosome‐regionally divided to promote genomic divergence among the five S‐ and S*‐genome diploid species, which provides new and nuanced insights into the evolutionary history of the Triticum/Aegilops species complex.
Radiographic measures of the pelvis differ in British shorthair cats with dystocia and eutocia
Authors: Koca Davut , Yilmaz Osman , Avcilar Talha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe size of an animal's pelvis can have a substantial impact on the ease or difficulty of giving birth, which can vary depending on the breed. Radiography is a medical imaging technique that is commonly utilized in clinical cases to assess pelvic dimensions. The present retrospective, observational study was designed to evaluate pelvimetric differences in radiographic images of British Shorthair (BS) cats with dystocia and eutocia. Pelvimetric values (linear distance, angle, area, height/width) for ventrodorsal and laterolateral radiographic images were recorded in 15 BS cats with dystocia and 15 BS cats with eutocia. Statistical analysis of the obtained measurement values was performed. When the pelvimetric data were examined overall, it was seen that mean values, except the PL (pelvis length) measurement, were higher in cats with eutocia than in cats with dystocia. Vertical diameter, conjugate vera, coxal tuberosities, transversal diameter, acetabula, pelvic inclination, ischiatic arch, pelvis inlet area (PIA), and pelvic outlet area (POA) values were significantly higher in cats with eutocia than in cats with dystocia (P < 0.05). Mean PIA and POA measurement values in cats with dystocia were 22.89 ± 2.38 cm2 and 19.59 ± 1.90 cm2, respectively; in cats with eutocia, the mean was calculated as 27.16 ± 2.76 cm2 and 23.18 ± 1.88 cm2, respectively. In conclusion, the present study revealed that pelvimetric values, except the PL measurement, were higher in cats with eutocia than in cats with dystocia. Findings can be used to assist veterinarians in future clinical decision‐making for pregnant BS cats.
Successful reconstruction of full‐thickness skin defects in a swine model using simultaneous split‐thickness skin grafting and composite collagen microstructured dermal scaffolds
Authors: Luong Derek , Weisel Adam , Cohen Rachael , Spector Jason A. , Sapir‐Lekhovitser Yulia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReconstitution of normal skin anatomy after full‐thickness skin loss may be accomplished using a combination of a dermal regeneration template (DRT) and a split thickness skin graft (STSG). However, because of the relatively low rate of cell infiltration and vascularisation of currently available DRTs, reconstruction is almost always performed in a two‐step procedure over the course of several weeks, resulting in multiple dressing changes, prolonged immobilisation and increased chance of infection. To mitigate the potential complications of this prolonged process, the collagen‐based dermal template DermiSphere™ was developed and tested in a single‐step procedure wherein DermiSphere and STSG were implanted simultaneously. When evaluated in a porcine, full thickness, excisional wound model, DermiSphere successfully supported simultaneous split thickness skin graft take and induced functional neodermal tissue deposition. When compared to a market leading product Integra Bilayer Wound Matrix, which was used in a multistep procedure (STSG placed 14 days after product implantation according to the product IFU), DermiSphere induced a similar moderate and transient inflammatory response that produced similar neodermal tissue maturity, thickness and vascularity, despite being implanted in a single surgical procedure leading to wound closure 2 weeks earlier. These data suggest that DermiSphere may be implanted in a single‐step procedure with an STSG, which would significantly shorten the time course required for the reconstruction of both dermal and epidermal components of skin after full thickness loss.
Experimental Investigations on Effect of Orientation on Thermal Performance of a Novel Phase Change Material-Based Heat Sink
Authors: Ravi Shankar Ch , Naresh Y. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As electronic devices generate heat while operating, thermal management is important in view of the reliability and lifespan of the device. Much research is focused on the improvement of charging time for continuous operations of the device. Moreover, for intermittent operation of devices, the reduction in the discharging time is also as essential as the improvement in the charging time. Therefore, the objective of the study is to develop a strategy that improves charging time and reduces discharging time. This paper reports the experimental heat transfer results of a novel phase change material (PCM)-based heat sink coupled with a heat pipe under different orientations. The experiments are conducted at a constant fill ratio of 99% on several heat sink configurations, such as a heat sink (i) with the stem at the center, (ii) with four fins, and (iii) with three longitudinal fins coupled with a heat pipe. The aluminum-made heat sink having an outer diameter of 58 mm and a height of 55 mm with a wall thickness of 4 mm, is used for all the heat sink configurations. The heat pipe with an evaporator length of 60 mm and a condenser length of 40 mm is attached at the center of a three-fin heat sink configuration. Experiments are performed on different heat sinks with n-Eicosane as PCM at different orientations of 0 deg, 45 deg, 90 deg, 135 deg, and 180 deg at various power levels. The heat input is varied between 6 W and 12 W. The condenser section of the heat pipe is cooled under two different conditions, i.e., (i) natural convection and (ii) forced convection. The results show that the finned heat sink coupled with a heat pipe (FHSHP) gives the best charging and discharging performance compared to other configurations. Moreover, it is observed that the performance of an FHSHP is orientation-dependent. Furthermore, the overall effectiveness of FHSHP is high when the condenser section of the heat pipe is cooled using forced convection rather than natural convection.
Effect of different visual presentations on the public’s comprehension of prognostic information using acute and chronic condition scenarios: two online randomised controlled trials
Authors: Abukmail Eman , Bakhit Mina , Jones Mark , Del Mar Chris , Hoffmann Tammy 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of bar graph, pictograph and line graph compared with text-only, and to each other, for communicating prognosis to the public.DesignTwo online four-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trials. Statistical significance was set at p<0.016 to allow for three-primary comparisons.Participants and settingTwo Australian samples were recruited from members registered at Dynata online survey company. In trial A: 470 participants were randomised to one of the four arms, 417 were included in the analysis. In trial B: 499 were randomised and 433 were analysed.InterventionsIn each trial four visual presentations were tested: bar graph, pictograph, line graph and text-only. Trial A communicated prognostic information about an acute condition (acute otitis media) and trial B about a chronic condition (lateral epicondylitis). Both conditions are typically managed in primary care where ‘wait and see’ is a legitimate option.Main outcomeComprehension of information (scored 0–6).Secondary outcomesDecision intention, presentation satisfaction and preferences.ResultsIn both trials, the mean comprehension score was 3.7 for the text-only group. None of the visual presentations were superior to text-only. In trial A, the adjusted mean difference (MD) compared with text-only was: 0.19 (95% CI −0.16 to 0.55) for bar graph, 0.4 (0.04 to 0.76) for pictograph and 0.06 (−0.32 to 0.44) for line graph. In trial B, the adjusted MD was: 0.1 (−0.27 to 0.47) for bar graph), 0.38 (0.01 to 0.74) for pictograph and 0.1 (−0.27 to 0.48) for line graph. Pairwise comparisons between the three graphs showed all were clinically equivalent (95% CIs between −1.0 and 1.0). In both trials, bar graph was the most preferred presentation (chosen by 32.9% of trial A participants and 35.6% in trial B).ConclusionsAny of the four visual presentations tested may be suitable to use when discussing quantitative prognostic information.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621001305819).
Neonatal mortality in NHS maternity units by timing and mode of birth: a retrospective linked cohort study
Authors: Carty Lucy , Grollman Christopher , Plachcinski Rachel , Cortina-Borja Mario , Macfarlane Alison 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo compare neonatal mortality in English hospitals by time of day and day of the week according to care pathway.DesignRetrospective cohort linking birth registration, birth notification and hospital episode data.SettingNational Health Service (NHS) hospitals in England.Participants6 054 536 liveborn singleton births from 2005 to 2014 in NHS maternity units in England.Main outcome measuresNeonatal mortality.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, there was no significant difference in the odds of neonatal mortality attributed to asphyxia, anoxia or trauma outside of working hours compared with working hours for spontaneous births or instrumental births. Stratification of emergency caesareans by onset of labour showed no difference in mortality by birth timing for emergency caesareans with spontaneous or induced onset of labour. Higher odds of neonatal mortality attributed to asphyxia, anoxia or trauma out of hours for emergency caesareans without labour translated to a small absolute difference in mortality risk.ConclusionsThe apparent ‘weekend effect’ may result from deaths among the relatively small numbers of babies who were coded as born by emergency caesarean section without labour outside normal working hours. Further research should investigate the potential contribution of care-seeking and community-based factors as well as the adequacy of staffing for managing these relatively unusual emergencies.