bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influencing Policy and Procedure with Law–Psychology Research
Authors: Bornstein Brian H. , Meissner Christian A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Psycholegal research is, by design, a field devoted to evaluating and addressing issues that directly affect the justice system. At the same time, many scholars in the field have experienced firsthand the frustrations of bridging the divide between research and policy or practice. In this chapter we discuss key issues and challenges involved in bridging this divide by focusing on a number of cardinal questions: Why influence policy? When, where, and how might we do so? How much evidence must there be before adopting a particular policy? And what policies can (or should) we address? We argue that psycholegal research should operate within a translational research framework, and we encourage scholars to communicate their findings to a broader audience, spend time with the professionals for whom their research is intended, introduce students to best practices for conducting policy-relevant research, and reconsider how we evaluate one another’s contributions in the academy.
ALMA detection of 321 GHz water maser emission in the radio galaxy NGC 1052
Authors: Kameno Seiji , Harikane Yuichi , Sawada-Satoh Satoko , Sawada Tsuyoshi , Saito Toshiki , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Humphreys Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) serendipitously detected H2O $J_{K_{\rm a}, K_{\rm c}} = 10_{2,9}$–93, 6 emission at 321 GHz in NGC 1052. This is the first submillimeter maser detection in a radio galaxy and the most luminous 321 GHz H2O maser known to-date with the isotropic luminosity of $1090\, L_{\odot }$. The line profile consists of a broad velocity component with FWHM = 208 ± 12 km s−1 straddling the systemic velocity and a narrow component with FWHM = 44 ± 3 km s−1 blueshifted by 160 km s−1. The profile is significantly different from the known 22 GHz 61, 6–52, 3 maser which shows a broad profile redshifted by 193 km s−1. The submillimeter maser is spatially unresolved with a synthesized beam of ${0{^{\prime \prime}_{.}}68} \times {0{^{\prime \prime}_{.}}56}$ and coincides with the continuum core position within 12 pc. These results indicate amplification of the continuum emission through high-temperature (&gt;1000 K) and dense [n(H2O) &gt; 104 cm−3] molecular gas in front of the core.
METTL14 is a chromatin regulator independent of its RNA N
6-methyladenosine methyltransferase activity
Authors: Dou Xiaoyang , Huang Lulu , Xiao Yu , Liu Chang , Li Yini , Zhang Xinning , Yu Lishan , Zhao Ran , Yang Lei , Chen Chuan , Yu Xianbin , Gao Boyang , Qi Meijie , Gao Yawei , Shen Bin , Sun Shuying , He Chuan , Liu Jun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
METTL3 and METTL14 are two components that form the core heterodimer of the main RNA m6A methyltransferase complex (MTC) that installs m6A. Surprisingly, depletion of METTL3 or METTL14 displayed distinct effects on stemness maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC). While comparable global hypo-methylation in RNA m6A was observed in Mettl3 or Mettl14 knockout mESCs, respectively. Mettl14 knockout led to a globally decreased nascent RNA synthesis, whereas Mettl3 depletion resulted in transcription upregulation, suggesting that METTL14 might possess an m6A-independent role in gene regulation. We found that METTL14 colocalizes with the repressive H3K27me3 modification. Mechanistically, METTL14, but not METTL3, binds H3K27me3 and recruits KDM6B to induce H3K27me3 demethylation independent of METTL3. Depletion of METTL14 thus led to a global increase in H3K27me3 level along with a global gene suppression. The effects of METTL14 on regulation of H3K27me3 is essential for the transition from self-renewal to differentiation of mESCs. This work reveals a regulatory mechanism on heterochromatin by METTL14 in a manner distinct from METTL3 and independently of m6A, and critically impacts transcriptional regulation, stemness maintenance, and differentiation of mESCs.
Towards more evidence-based agricultural and food policies
Authors: El Benni Nadja , Grovermann Christian , Finger Robert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to provide insights into how scientific evidence can be used for policymaking and put evidence-based agriculture and food policies at the top of research and policy agendas. We illustrate how scientific evidence can be used in a targeted manner for better policymaking and present an overview of the rich set of ex-ante and ex-post evaluation methods and tools that agricultural economists use for evaluating agricultural policies to provide evidence for policy decisions. We present insights into both established and new/emerging methods and approaches, including their advantages and disadvantages, and discuss their potential use for policy evaluation. We also discuss how methods and approaches should be combined and could be better targeted towards decision-makers. The paper also discusses the crucial role of high-quality data in supporting the science—policy interface. Finally, we present an overview of papers in this special issue titled ‘Evidence-Based Agricultural and Food Policy: The Role of Research for Policy Making’.
Skin Assessment in Patients with Dark Skin Tone
Authors: Pusey-Reid Eleonor , Quinn Lisa , Samost Mary E. , Reidy Patricia A. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT:
There is a scarcity of nursing literature, studies, and educational materials on the assessment and early recognition of both common and serious integumentary and general health issues in people with dark skin tones. Nurses must be exposed to such learning resources to be adequately prepared to care for patients with diverse skin tones and to help reduce health disparities and promote health equity. This article provides faculty, nursing students, and clinicians with basic information about the assessment of dark skin tone and calls for action in academia and professional practice to ensure nurses and nursing students can effectively perform skin assessments in all patients.
Quality and safe anaesthesia for all children
Authors: Machotta Andreas , Hansen Tom G. , Weiss Markus 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
In 1989, the United Nations passed the ‘Convention on the Rights of the Child’ (UNCRC) and, among others claimed the highest attainable standard of health for children and consequently the highest level of safety and quality in paediatric anaesthesia. SAFETOTS (Safe Anesthesia For Every Tot, www.safetots.org), an initiative of international active paediatric anaesthetists, has derived 10 rights, the ‘10 R’ of children undergoing anaesthesia care, which are critical for the well being of the child.

Recent findings
The current situation in paediatric anaesthesia care in Europe does not always meet the requirements demanded by the UNCRC. Anaesthesia-related complications in children are still persistent. Anaesthesiologists are frequently asked to provide care for newborns, infants and small children without having sufficient child-specific expertise, resulting in an increased morbidity and mortality.

Summary
This article will explain these statutes of children's rights and their implications for everyday paediatric anaesthesia. Furthermore, it will also express the institutional and political changes that are needed to guarantee children their right to enjoy the highest attainable standard of health.
Intracranial Volume in Relation to Parent Satisfaction and Expert Opinion: A Novel Look at Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Alhumsi Taghreed , Alshomer Feras , Essbaiheen Fahad , AlKubeyyer Metab , AlKuwaykibi Abdulaziz , Altweijri Ikhlass , AlKhudairy Yasser 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Factors like parent satisfaction and expert opinion have been proposed as outcome measures related to craniosynostosis (CS) surgery. However, there is no real tangible score for CS surgery outcomes. In our study, we aimed to explore different factors considered as a tangible outcome measure of CS surgery.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study of 23 patients with CS who were operated on in a tertiary care university hospital. Parents were interviewed to assess their satisfaction of aesthetic outcome. This was correlated to two expert opinions and to the amount of skull expansion.

Results:
The mean follow-up duration was 2.24 ± 1.12 years. Twelve of the 23 fathers were satisfied, whereas 11 of the 23 mothers were satisfied. The overall combined satisfaction rate of both parents was on the higher side with no difference in between. There was a significant association between expansion rate of 7.65 ± 4.99% and the overall parent’s satisfaction (P = 0.002). Additionally, there was a good correlation between both experts with statistically significant association (P = 0.004). No correlation was found between the parents’ satisfaction and the experts’ opinions.

Conclusions:
The study is valuable, as it investigates the relationship between the expansion rate, parents’ satisfaction, and expert opinion as predicted values of craniosynostosis surgery. The overall satisfaction correlated significantly well with the expansion rate. However, such numerical assessment is not a real guide for assessing clinical outcomes‚ as no association was found between expansion rate, satisfaction rate, and expert opinion.
Dupuytren Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing Collagenase Injection and Percutaneous Needle Fasciotomy
Authors: Mehdiyev Turkhan , Maffei Davide , Müller Verena , Mair Waltraud , Zimmermann Robert F. , Baur Eva-Maria 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) injection and percutaneous needle fasciotomy (PNF) are minimally invasive procedures aiming to relieve Dupuytren disease (DD) by disrupting the cord and restoring the normal functionality of the hand. The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes and recurrence rates for treatment of DD in the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints with either collagenase or percutaneous needle at 3-year follow-up. Moreover, we aim to determine the role of these therapeutic modalities and their impact on hand functionality and quality of life.

Methods:
In this retrospective analysis, we compare treatment outcomes in 35 patients, of whom 22 were treated with PNF and 13 with CCH injection.

Results:
The mean outcome in contracture degrees at 3-year follow-up was 9 degrees for MCP joints for both treatment groups, 34 degrees for PNF, and 28 degrees for CCH for PIP joints. There was no statistical significance between the treatment groups in MCP joints (P = 0.786) or in PIP joints (P = 0.474). Contracture recurrences were similar in PIP joints of both groups and greater in MCP joints in the CCH group compared to PNF. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand and the Unité Rhumatologique des Affections de la Main scores showed a reduction in impairment in both groups without significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusions:
The results of this study show that PNF appears to be as effective and minimally invasive as CCH injection, but at significantly lower cost. Considering these factors, the authors prefer and recommend the use of PNF over CCH.
Enhanced prognostic value of combined circulating tumor cells and serum carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Yang Chih-Yung , Lin Chun-Chi , Huang Sheng-Chieh , Lu Ruey-Hwa , Lo Liang-Chuan , Tseng Ju-Yu , Tung Chien-Yi , Lin Chi-Hung , Jiang Jeng-Kai 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been investigated as a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and monitoring therapeutic responses in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the sensitivity of CTCs detection is low, thus limiting the clinical utility of CTCs. We aim to examine the clinicopathological parameters that improve prognosis prediction for CRC using CTCs as a biomarker.

Methods:
We enumerated CTCs in 186 CRC patients and associated the number of CTCs with the clinicopathological features and overall survival (OS) using a univariate and multivariate Cox regression model and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Results:
The presence of CTCs from 186 CRC patients was significantly associated with stage, preoperational carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CA19-9 levels. Using Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analysis, patients with five or more CTCs exhibited significantly worse OS compared to patients with fewer than five CTCs. The combination of CTCs with tumor marker CEA has a better OS prediction than individual CTCs or CEA and serves as a more effective prediction model in patients with CRC.

Conclusion:
We identified that patients with more than five CTCs exhibited significantly worse OS. Additionally, patients with the normal level of CEA, but who also had more than five CTCs trended towards a worse OS.
Frequency and Cost of Claims by Injury Type From the Korea Workers’ Compensation Insurance Between 2016 and 2019
Authors: Bae Suk Won , Lee Min-Yong , Park Shin Who , Lee Gangpyo , Leigh Ja-Ho 
Published: February 2023

Objective
This study aimed to examine the frequency of worker injuries by affected body part(s) and the associated costs. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of national workers' compensation claims data from the Korean workers' compensation insurance. The main outcome measures were frequency and cost of claims by injury type. Results: Multiple injuries were ranked as the highest injury type in the number of annual claims and percentage of the total cost/total medical cost. Hand/wrist/finger was the most common single-injury type. The frequency of injury type and the cost amount payable as a percentage of the total cost were the highest for multiple injuries, hand/wrist/finger injuries, and knee/lower leg injuries. Conclusions: Regarding frequency and costs, hand/wrist/finger injuries were highest in cost, by single-injury type. Therefore, these injuries should be recognized as intervention targets.
A retrospective study on the association of keloids with underlying health conditions in African-American Women
Authors: Marella Pooja , Glass Donald A. 
Published: February 2023

Background:Keloids are disfiguring benign scars that develop due to an exaggerated response to cutaneous wound healing, growing beyond the boundaries of the cutaneous insult into normal, previously uninvolved skin. The association of keloids with other underlying health conditions has been postulated, but not well characterized.Objective:This study aims to identify whether there is any association of keloids with underlying health conditions in African-American women.Methods:This study was done via the use of the National Inpatient Sample, a subset of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. African-American women with keloids who had undergone cesarean sections were compared with a control group of African-American women with no history of keloids who had undergone cesarean sections.Results:A total of 301 African-American inpatient encounters with patients with keloids were compared with 37,144 encounters in the control group. The keloid patients had an increased association with peritoneal adhesions compared with the control group.Limitations:results are limited to one race and restricted age range; also, unable to differentiate keloids from hypetrophic scarring with ICD-10 codes.Conclusion:These findings suggest that keloids and peritoneal adhesions may have similar inflammatory processes.
Probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease: review of mechanisms and effectiveness
Authors: So Daniel , Quigley Eamonn M.M. , Whelan Kevin 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and has been linked with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this article is to critically review the emerging evidence for the mechanisms and effectiveness of probiotics in the management of these conditions.

Recent findings
The GI microbiome is strongly influenced by ageing, diet and disease. Probiotics may confer health effects to the host by modulating the metabolic activities of the microbiome to propagate anti-inflammatory effects and reinforce the intestinal barrier, and are considered to be safe to use. Many short-term studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of probiotics overall in IBS, with meta-analyses demonstrating efficacy across specific strains albeit with relatively small effect sizes. Within IBD, some probiotics appear to offer clinical benefit in ulcerative colitis but strain-specific effects are unclear. Evidence for the use of probiotics in Crohn's disease remains limited.

Summary
Probiotics offer considerable potential for the management of IBS and possibly in IBD, however, any benefits conferred appear to be strain-specific. High quality trials of specific probiotics in IBS and IBD, as well as laboratory investigations of their mechanism of action, are required in order to fully understand their potential therapeutic value.
Cholangioscopy for biliary diseases
Authors: Becq Aymeric , Soualy Adil , Camus Marine 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
Cholangioscopy is a mini-invasive endoscopic procedure, which consists in a direct intraductal visualization of the biliary tract. The purpose of this review is to summarize the technique, the clinical applications, as well as future perspectives of cholangioscopy.

Recent findings
Numerous technologic advances during the last decades have allowed for an improved utility and functionality, leading to a broader use of this procedure, for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, in the setting of biliary diseases. Novel tools and emerging indications have been developed and more are yet to come.

Summary
Cholangioscopy can be performed by peroral, percutaneous transhepatic or intra-operative transcystic or transcholedochal access. Clinical applications of cholangioscopy are multiple, ranging from visual impression and optical guided biopsies of indeterminate biliary strictures to the management of difficult stones , guidance before biliary stenting and retrieval of migrated ductal stents. Multiple devices such as lithotripsy probes, biopsy forceps, snares and baskets have been developed to help achieve these procedures successfully.
Cholangioscopy has improved the way biliary diseases can be visualized and treated. New technology, accessories, and applications are expected in the future.
Histological evaluation in biliary diseases
Authors: Saffioti Francesca , Vieira Motta Rodrigo , Quaglia Alberto 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
This review focuses on recent developments of histopathology in the most common biliary disorders affecting adults. The reader is referred to other sources for the specialized topics on paediatric populations and post liver transplantation.

Recent findings
Fibrosis stage at diagnosis is an independent predictor of liver transplant-free survival in patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Immunohistochemistry might have an important role in predicting response to treatment. New histological scoring systems with excellent correlation with long-term clinical outcomes are being developed in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Quantification of fibrosis with collagen proportionate area can improve risk stratification and could be particularly useful to assess treatment response in PSC.
Gene sequencing on cytology and intrabiliary biopsy may improve risk stratification for cholangiocarcinoma. Genetic variants of ATP8B1, ABCB11 and ABCB4 are relatively common in adults with cholestatic liver disease. New causes of cholestatic liver injury have recently been described.

Summary
Histology is often not necessary for the diagnosis of biliary disease, but can provide important information that may assist the clinician in patients’ management. Histopathology remains crucial to confirm a diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, and to identify the pattern of biliary injury in immune-mediated cholangiopathies and rarer pathological entities.
Nutritional support in liver disease – an updated systematic review
Authors: Koretz Ronald L. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
The association of malnutrition and a poor prognosis does not prove that providing nutrition support improves that prognosis. The proof of such efficacy requires its demonstration in well designed and executed randomized trials. A systematic review of 40 such trials in 2014 failed to make such a finding. The purpose of this work is to update that review.

Recent findings
A search of multiple databases identified 12 new trials (3 of enteral nutrition and 9 of nutritional supplements) comparing the nutritional intervention to standard care. Meta-analyses suggested that the provision of enteral nutrition reduced infection rates in patients undergoing liver transplantation and total complication rates after hepatic resections. Supplement usage appeared to improve mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or transplanted livers and reduce rates of ascites in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as improve encephalopathy resolution in those with cirrhosis. However, the risks of bias, some study designs, and the use of potentially pharmacologically active micronutrients limit the reliability of these observations.

Summary
There is inadequate evidence for clinicians to be sure that nutrition support is actually of benefit to patients with liver disease.
Prevention of sports-related concussion in soccer: a comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Indharty Rr Suzy , Siahaan Andre M. P. , Rosarina  , Susanto Martin , Tandean Steven , Risfandi Marsal 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Concussion is a common complaint among adult and adolescent athletes around the world and poses a safety risk in competitive, recreational, and noncontact sports. It is estimated that concussions occur at a rate of 0.5 per 1000 playing hours; however, the precision of this estimate is uncertain due to variations in the interpretation and reporting of concussions. Athletes with a history of concussions are more likely to sustain additional concussions, which can result in cognitive decline, depression, and early degenerative change. In order to lessen the likelihood of future difficulties, this study compiles the research on preventing sports-related concussion in soccer and presents a summary of the findings.

Material and Methods:
We performed a literature search on PubMed, EBSCO (Elton B. Stephens Company), DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), and Cochrane for the past 20 years. The search strategy was using Boolean terms based on any of the search terms of sports-related-concussion, soccer, and prevention. The studies were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:
This research identified three systematic reviews, seven literature reviews, five cross-sectional studies, one randomized controlled trial, three prospective studies, and one retrospective study. As concussion prevention measures in soccer, several strategies can be implemented, including concussion education, rule/regulation changes, proper heading technique, behavioral skills training, vision training to improve sensory and anticipation, the use of supplements to prevent severe concussion and accelerate recovery, as well as prevention in youth sports and head impact detection.

Conclusion:
Good education, good technique, good training, and a good strengthening program can be implemented to prevent concussions in soccer. To determine the relationship between prevention and concussion, however, additional research is required.