bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus vaccine impact on invasive cervical cancer in Japan: Preliminary results from cancer statistics and the MINT study
Authors: Onuki Mamiko , Takahashi Fumiaki , Iwata Takashi , Nakazawa Hiroshi , Yahata Hideaki , Kanao Hiroyuki , Horie Koji , Konnai Katsuyuki , Nio Ai , Takehara Kazuhiro , Kamiura Shoji , Tsuda Naotake , Takei Yuji , Shigeta Shogo , Matsumura Noriomi , Yoshida Hiroyuki , Motohara Takeshi , Yamazaki Hiroyuki , Nakamura Keiichiro , Hamanishi Junzo , Tasaka Nobutaka , Ishikawa Mitsuya , Hirashima Yasuyuki , Kudaka Wataru , Mori‐Uchino Mayuyo , Kukimoto Iwao , Fujii Takuma , Watanabe Yoh , Noda Kiichiro , Yoshikawa Hiroyuki , Yaegashi Nobuo , Matsumoto Koji ,   for the MINT Study Group
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe first prophylactic vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV18 was licensed in Japan in 2009. HPV vaccine effectiveness against high‐grade cervical lesions has been demonstrated among young Japanese women, but evidence of its effects on invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is lacking. Using data from two different cancer registries, we compared recent trends of new ICC cases by age group using Poisson regression analysis. We also analyzed time trends in HPV16/18 prevalence among 1414 Japanese women aged <40 years newly diagnosed with ICC in the past decade. Based on the population‐based cancer registry, the incidence of ICC among young women aged 20–29 years showed a significant decline from 3.6 to 2.8 per 100 000 women‐years during 2016–2019, but no similar decline was observed for older age groups (p < 0.01). Similarly, using data from the gynecological cancer registry of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the annual number of ICCs among women aged 20–29 years also decreased from 256 cases to 135 cases during 2011–2020 (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a declining trend in HPV16/18 prevalence in ICC was observed only among women aged 20–29 years during 2017–2022 (90.5%–64.7%, p = 0.05; Cochran–Armitage trend test). This is the first report to suggest population‐level effects of HPV vaccination on ICC in Japan. Although the declining trend in HPV16/18 prevalence among young women with ICC supports a causal linkage between vaccination and results from cancer registries, further studies are warranted to confirm that our findings are attributable to vaccination.
Fluorescent whiteness measurement of textiles by multispectral imaging system
Authors: Yao Pengpeng , Wu Ho Chung , Li Yixuan , Xu Jingyi , Xin John H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccurate whiteness measurement is critical across various industries including textiles, paper, and detergents. With the advent of fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs), the assessment of whiteness has evolved from simply measuring reflectance to determining the spectral radiance factor (SRF) of materials. While multispectral imaging (MSI) can effectively measure object reflectance and colour, its accuracy is compromised by FWAs that significantly augment spectral reflectance. Thus, reliable whiteness measurement requires the determination of both reflectance and SRF. This article presents the design of a specialised light source equipped with an ultraviolet (UV) filter to provide adjustable illumination within an integrating sphere system. By tuning the position of the UV filter, multispectral images are captured of a fabric under varying UV exposures. These images are subsequently processed and combined to reconstruct full‐range visible spectrum information. This approach is shown to achieve high accuracy and spatial uniformity in quantifying the whiteness of textiles using MSI.
Status of African authorship among conservation research output from sub‐Saharan Africa: An African perspective
Authors: Tuyisenge Marie Fidele , Kayitete Laban , Tuyisingize Deogratias , O'Malley Maire , Stoinski Tara S. , van der Hoek Yntze 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effectiveness of science to address conservation issues is linked to the inclusivity and diversity of its practitioners, but scientists from biodiverse tropical countries remain underrepresented in the conservation science literature. To assess the status of sub‐Saharan Africa‐based authorship in conservation science between 2015 and 2021, we analyzed the affiliations of primary authors of research conducted in sub‐Saharan Africa as published in 10 selected conservation journals representative of a range of conservation literature: from high‐impact international journals to Africa‐specific regional journals. Out of 1176 articles, we found that approximately one‐third of the primary authors were based at a sub‐Saharan African institution. African primary authors had a higher output in African than global conservation journals, which corresponded with relatively low overall impact factors and citations for studies led by African authors. African authors were significantly underrepresented in large, multicountry studies, accounting for only 6% of primary authors and 66% of these publications contained no African author. We discuss possible limitations and solutions for African participation and representation in the international conservation literature from the perspective of African conservation scientists.
Digital analyses of nuclear features can help discriminate among non‐invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features, papillary thyroid carcinoma follicular subtype, and follicular carcinoma in cytological specimens
Authors: Yamamoto Fábio Massahito , Liano Leonardo Carnevalli , Camilo‐Júnior Deolino João , Xavier‐Junior José Cândido Caldeira 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs it stands, the diagnosis of non‐invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP) is primarily based on histological analysis. We hypothesised that computerised analysis of nuclear images of cytological specimens could be used to differentiate NIFTP from papillary thyroid carcinoma follicular subtype (PTCFS) and follicular carcinoma (FC), influencing patient management.MethodsWe employed a retrospective analytical observational study based on nuclear morphometric variables of cytological material from thyroid nodules classified as PTCFS, NIFTP, or FC. Five cases of each entity were analysed. Cytological slides were photographed, and 1170 cells for each entity were analysed digitally. The captured images were evaluated (blindly) using the ImageJ software package. The morphometric evaluation included area, perimeter, width, height, and circularity. Numerical variables were expressed as mean, median, minimum, and maximum (min; max) values. Kruskal‐Wallis and Dunn's tests were used with a 5% significance level.ResultsRegarding nuclear analysis, all variables differed among the three groups (p < 0.001). Given the interdependence among the variables, these data indicated that nuclear size was greatest in the NIFTP group, followed by FC and PTCFS.Discussion/ConclusionOur analysis of the digital images, with a focus on nuclear parameters, found significantly difference among cytological specimens from cases of NIFTP, PTCFS and FC. Thus, this tool has the potential to provide additional information that may help in the diagnosis of NIFTP, even during the preoperative period. Additional studies are needed to create protocols, evaluate the applicability of nuclear morphological and morphometric parameters—focusing on digital pathology—and create algorithms and tools to assist cytopathologists with their diagnostic routines.
Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin for the treatment of inferior vena cava thrombus
Authors: Mihm Alexandra E. , Bacchus Arefa , Harb Kathleen J. , Menear Richard A. , Nisly Sarah A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared to warfarin in patients with inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus.MethodsThis was a single‐system, retrospective cohort study of hospitalized adult patients with IVC thrombus treated with a DOAC or warfarin therapy. The primary efficacy endpoint was the thrombus resolution on imaging, and the primary safety endpoint was major bleeding, both assessed within 6 months of hospital discharge. Secondary endpoints included hospitalization for a bleeding‐related event, pulmonary embolism, or death within 6 months of hospital discharge.ResultsA total of 33 patients were included in the study. Twenty‐three (70%) patients received a DOAC, and 10 (30%) received warfarin. Of the 10 patients with repeat imaging available, complete resolution was noted in two (33%) DOAC patients and no warfarin patients (p = .5). Major bleeding occurred in two (8.7%) DOAC patients and one (10%) warfarin patient (p = .9). No significant differences in secondary endpoints were observed between groups.ConclusionsThere were no differences in efficacy and safety between patients receiving DOACs or warfarin for the treatment of IVC thrombus, although results are limited by the small patient population and number of patients with repeat imaging available.
Non‐invasive diagnosis of early cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Azimi Ali , Jabbour Steven , Patrick Ellis , Fernandez‐Penas Pablo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEarly cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) can be challenging to diagnose using clinical criteria as it could present similar to actinic keratosis (AK) or Bowen's disease (BD), precursors of cSCC. Currently, histopathological assessment of an invasive biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis. A non‐invasive diagnostic approach would reduce patient and health system burden. Therefore, this study used non‐invasive sampling by tape‐stripping coupled with data‐independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA‐MS) proteomics to profile the proteome of histopathologically diagnosed AK, BD and cSCC, as well as matched normal samples. Proteomic data were analysed to identify proteins and biological functions that are significantly different between lesions. Additionally, a support vector machine (SVM) machine learning algorithm was used to assess the usefulness of proteomic data for the early diagnosis of cSCC. A total of 696 proteins were identified across the samples studied. A machine learning model constructed using the proteomic data classified premalignant (AK + BD) and malignant (cSCC) lesions at 77.5% accuracy. Differential abundance analysis identified 144 and 21 protein groups that were significantly changed in the cSCC, and BD samples compared to the normal skin, respectively (adj. p < 0.05). Changes in pivotal carcinogenic pathways such as LXR/RXR activation, production of reactive oxygen species, and Hippo signalling were observed that may explain the progression of cSCC from premalignant lesions. In summary, this study demonstrates that DIA‐MS analysis of tape‐stripped samples can identify non‐invasive protein biomarkers with the potential to be developed into a complementary diagnostic tool for early cSCC.
Nuclear translocation of PKM2 mediates keratinocyte metabolic reprogramming in psoriasis
Authors: Yang Luting , Zhang Jie , Hu Chunqing , Chen Xiaowen , Yang Yang , Tang Huihao , Ding Xiaolei , Yan Yaping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPKM2 mediates the Warburg effects and is crucial for tumorigenesis, but its role in hyperplastic skin disorders remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the function of PKM2 in psoriatic keratinocytes. We found that PKM2 expression and its nuclear translocation were induced in the epidermis of psoriasis patients, contributing to aerobic glycolysis and cell growth. Moreover, mass spectrometry combined with immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that PKM2 could interact with TRIM33, an E3 ubiquitin ligase in the nucleus, and this interaction is critical for the nuclear retention of PKM2. As a result of TRIM33‐mediated ubiquitination, PKM2 nuclear protein kinase function is promoted, thus leading to the phosphorylation of STAT3. In addition, blocking PKM2 nuclear translocation abrogated TRIM33‐triggered glycolysis and cell proliferation in keratinocytes. Taken together, our experiments demonstrate that ubiquitination regulates the nuclear retention of PKM2 in keratinocytes. Moreover, our results highlight a novel mechanism accounting for the metabolic reprogramming of keratinocytes in psoriasis patients.
High‐temperature ablation of hot‐pressed HfC–SiC ceramics
Authors: Kolek Allan N. , Cooper Sophia R. , Behler Kristopher D. , Ghoshal Anindya , Moore Tucker W. , Wright Andrew J. , Blair Victoria L. , Reidy Richard F. , Young Marcus L. , Voevodin Andrey A. , Aouadi Samir M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEffective thermal insulation materials rely on the fabrication of dense, ultra‐high‐temperature ceramics that can withstand harsh environments. Hafnium carbide‐based ceramics are one of the leading materials that have the potential to perform relatively well in high‐temperature oxidizing environments under mechanical loading due to their thermal and mechanical stability. In this study, we explore the effects of processing conditions to create dense, ablation‐resistant HfC–SiC composites with a fixed composition of HfC–20 wt.% SiC using a hot‐pressing method. Sintering pressure, temperature, and time were varied and the material's relative density, phase composition, morphology, microstructure, and hardness were investigated. Composite ceramics with 99% relative density relative to a theoretical value were created by hot pressing at 2100°C for 1 h at 50 MPa and displayed a fine microstructure with an average grain size of ∼5 µm and a Vickers hardness of 22.9 ± .8 GPa. The mass loss was determined using an oxyacetylene torch with cross‐section investigations of oxide surface formations and subsurface microstructural changes. These HfC–SiC samples developed a 410 nm hafnium oxide layer on the surface upon torch exposure and had an average calculated recession rate of .028 µm/s.
The densification behavior, microstructure, mechanical, and thermionic emission properties of LaB6‐SiC composite
Authors: Yang Xinyu , Zhao Wei , Wang Ke , Cheng Hefa , Ren Qun , Han Cunliu , Lu Xin , Luo Shifeng , Zhang Jiuxing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe LaB6‐SiC composite with the different SiC content (0, 15, 30, 36, 50, 90, and 100 wt.%,) was densified by spark plasma sintering. The effects of SiC content on the densification behavior, microstructure, mechanical, and thermionic emission properties of LaB6‐SiC composite were systemically investigated. The results show that all the rapid shrinkage occurred at the heating stage during densification, and LaB6‐36 wt.%SiC composite owned the maximum shrinkage rate of 1.5 mm/min at T = 1798°C. The highest relative density of the composite decreased from 98.18% to 95.01% as the SiC content increased from 15 wt.% to 90 wt.%, under which the morphology of LaB6 grain evaluated from the equiaxed to elongated structure, and LaB6 grain size varied in the range of 5.05–11.42 μm. The similar eutectic structures were observed in the LaB6‐36 wt.% SiC composite because of some LaB6 grains melting. Both the highest fracture toughness of 5.15 ± 0.56 MPa.m1/2 and the highest bending strength of 313 ± 4.7 MPa belonged to the LaB6‐36 wt.% SiC composite, which also exhibited thermionic emission current density of 10.74 A/cm2 and work function of 2.99 eV at T = 1873 K.
Phenolic profiles, antioxidant capacities and flavour volatiles in fig (Ficus carica L.) juices from five cultivars fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus
Authors: Wang Chengxin , Liu Li , Guo Jiayu , Jike Xiaolan , Xu Kang , Li Bing , Liu Linwen , Fang Yu , Xu Huaide , Lei Hongjie 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to investigate the fermentation characteristics of five varieties of fig juices (Ficus carica cv. Siluhongyu, Siluhuangjin, Silufeicui, Jinaofen and Fengchanhuang) by two select strains (Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus), based on the changes of physicochemical parameters, bioactive components, antioxidant activities and flavour volatiles. Viable counts were above 9.5 log CFU mL−1 throughout the fermentation process, indicating that fig juices were suitable substrates for strain proliferation. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly enhanced during fermentation, particularly with Siluhuangjin by L. plantarum and Silufeicui by L. acidophilus, exhibiting the highest total phenolic (465 mg GAE L−1) and total flavonoid contents (152 mg RE L−1), respectively. Accordingly, antioxidant activities based on SOD, DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods were significantly improved after fermentation (P < 0.05). SOD and ABTS were positively correlated with contents of protocatechuic acid and caffeic acid, respectively (P < 0.05). Furthermore, alcohols, ketones and terpenoids contents were increased, while aldehydes content was decreased significantly after fermentation (P < 0.05), suggesting the improved flavour characteristics of fermented fig juices.
Bioactive compounds in lipids of selected wheat genotypes
Authors: Akram Muhammad Usman , Yılmaz Remziye , Salantur Ayten , Uygun Umran 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe chemical composition of whole wheat grains has been extensively studied, yet the literature on the lipophilic bioactive compounds of Turkish local wheat genotypes is limited. This study was carried out to determine some lipid‐soluble bioactive compounds in whole wheat lipids of selected on‐farm conserved Turkish wheat varieties (including four monococcum, three dicoccum, four durum and seven aestivum genotypes). For this purpose, fatty acid composition, phytosterol profile, and steryl ferulate contents were determined by GC‐FID and HPLC‐DAD. The major fatty acids in wheat lipids were identified as linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids, whereas β‐sitosterol was observed as the predominant phytosterol. The local wheat varieties, such as Siyez‐4, Karakılçık, Köse 220/33, Sünter and Spelt S. başak, contain higher amounts of beneficial bioactive compounds, for example unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, oleic and α‐linolenic acids), phytosterols (β‐sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol) and steryl ferulates (campesteryl, sitosteryl and sitostanyl ferulate), making them a better choice over the commercial ones. This study offered a quick approach to obtain important information regarding bioactive compounds in the lipids of local wheat varieties. Furthermore, it could also provide valuable insights into the selection of on‐farm conserved wheat genotypes for future wheat breeding programmes.
Effects of processing on the preparation of kombucha: a systematic review
Authors: Soares Iraíldo Francisco , de Lima Michele Alves , da Silva Robson Alves , Colussi Rosana 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe objective of this review study was to carry out a systematic review of the effects of the process in the preparation of kombucha. Scientific articles published between 2017 and 2022 were investigated in the ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science scientific databases. The search was carried out by applying the descriptors ‘kombucha’, ‘tea’, ‘green tea’, ‘black tea’, ‘processing’ and ‘fermentation’. The work followed the standards of Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses in its structuring. Among the articles that met the inclusion criteria, ten studies were selected to compose this review. The studies' results showed the effects of the kombucha production process on the variables of type of herb, substrate, fermentation time and temperature. It was possible to conclude that the results of this work provide evidence about the effects of the kombucha process comprising different variables. New studies to optimise kombucha production must be carried out to standardise amounts of herbs, substrates, fermentation time and temperature since these parameters have shown an influence on the final product and, consequently, on its biological activity.
Monitoring of the use of spent grape pomace after industrial distillation as a potent antioxidant and enzymes inhibitor
Authors: Cisneros‐Yupanqui Miluska , Rizzi Corrado , Mihaylova Dasha , Deseva Ivelina , Lante Anna 
Published: September 2023

SummarySpent grape pomace (SGP) obtained after the production of Grappa has been recognised as a source of antioxidant bioactive compounds. This paper aimed to assess the antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on enzymes related to non‐communicable diseases of white and red SGP, as well as to monitor the impact of storage on these bioactivities. In both pomaces, distillation did not preserve some of the bioactivities; however, after 1 month of storage, there was an improvement. The phenolic profile remained relatively stable during storage while the inhibition of α‐glucosidase (AG) was improved. These results confirmed the remaining bioactivity of SGP, demonstrating its potential use in the food industry.
A conversation on allergy: recognizing the past and looking to the future
Authors: Melén Erik , Lambrecht Bart N , Lloyd Clare M , Rothenberg Marc E , Kabashima Kenji , Luciani Fabio , Coquet Jonathan M , Ober Carole , Nawijn Martijn C , Platts‐Mills Thomas , von Mutius Erika 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAllergy is an ever‐evolving group of disorders, which includes asthma, atopic dermatitis, rhinitis and food allergies and that currently affects over 1 billion people worldwide. This group of disorders has exploded in incidence since around the start of the 20th century, implying that genetics is not solely responsible for its development but that environmental factors have an important role. Here, Fabio Luciani and Jonathan Coquet, in their role as editors at Immunology & Cell Biology, asked nine prominent researchers in the field of allergy to define the term ‘allergy’, discuss the role of genetics and the environment, nominate the most important discoveries of the past decade and describe the best strategies to combat allergy at the population level going forward.
Varietal effects on Greenhouse Gas emissions from rice production systems under different water management in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
Authors: Vo Thi Bach Thuong , Johnson Kristian , Wassmann Reiner , Sander Bjoern Ole , Asch Folkard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRice production accounts for 15% of the national Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and Vietnam aims at reducing emissions from rice production by focusing on changing farming practices. However, the potential for mitigation through the selection of different rice varieties is still poorly understood. A two‐year field screening of 20 rice varieties under continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation was conducted in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), Vietnam, employing the closed chamber method for assessing GHG emissions. The results confirmed that varietal variation was the largest for methane (CH4) emissions under CF. Across the varietal spectrum, CH4 emissions were more important than nitrous oxide (N2O) (accounts for less than 2% of the CO2e) with the lowest emitting variety showing 243 kg CH4 ha−1 and the highest emitting variety showing 398 kg CH4 ha−1 emissions as compared to 0.07 kg N2O ha−1 and 0.76 kg N2O ha−1 emissions, respectively. Under AWD, CH4 emissions were generally strongly reduced with the varietal effect being of minor importance. Compared with IPCC default values, the data set from the two seasons yielded higher Emission Factors (EFs) under CF (2.92 and 3.00 kg ha−1 day−1) as well as lower Scaling Factors (SFs) of AWD (0.41 and 0.38). In the context of future mitigation programs in the VMD, the dry season allows good control of the water table, so varietal selection could maximize the mitigation effect of AWD that is either newly introduced or practised in some locations already. In the wet seasons, AWD may be difficult to implement whereas other mitigation options could be implemented such as selecting low‐emitting cultivars.