bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mantle cell lymphoma—Update on molecular biology, prognostication and treatment approaches
Authors: Silkenstedt Elisabeth , Dreyling Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is clinically characterized by its heterogenous behavior with courses ranging from indolent cases that do not require therapy for years to highly aggressive MCL with very limited prognosis. The development and implementation of new targeted and immunotherapeutic approaches have already improved therapeutic options especially for refractory or relapsed disease. Nevertheless, to further optimize MCL treatment, early identification of individual risk profile and risk‐adapted, patient‐tailored choice of therapeutic strategy needs to be prospectively incorporated in clinical patient management. This review summarizes the current knowledge and standard of care regarding biology and clinical management of MCL, highlighting the implementation of new therapeutic approaches especially targeting the immune system.
The evolving therapy of DLBCL: Bispecific antibodies
Authors: Hutchings Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBispecific antibodies have been successfully introduced into the management of relapsed or refractory B‐cell lymphomas, including DLBCL. Phase 1 studies of the different CD3/CD20 bispecifics have shown manageable safety profile and promising activity in a range of B‐cell lymphomas, and recent phase 2 studies confirm the favourable safety and show frequent and durable complete responses even in heavily pre‐treated and high‐risk patients. This paper discusses the future potential role of these new agents as single agents and in combinations, and their position in the current and future treatment landscape, also in relation to chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy.
Patients' preference regarding inpatient versus outpatient setting ‐ A systematic review
Authors: Schneeberger Andres R. , Werthmueller Sarah , Barco Santiago , Heuss Sabina C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesContinuously rising healthcare costs have led to financial pressure on the healthcare systems. One of the trends for the reduction of costs is the shift towards outpatient treatment. However, research has not focused on the patients' preferences regarding inpatient versus outpatient treatment settings. The purpose of this review is to examine existing studies surveying patients' preferences related to inpatient and outpatient treatment methods. The aim is to find out whether patients' wishes were queried and considered in the decision‐making process.DesignTherefore, the reviewers performed a systematic approach utilizing the PRISMA standards and screened 1′646 articles out of 5′606 articles from the systematic search.Results and ConclusionThe screening resulted in 4 studies that analyzed exclusively the patient's choice of treatment setting. The search showed an apparent paucity of current literature and highlights the need for further research. The authors' recommendation includes a better involvement of patients in the decision‐making process as well as adding preferred treatment settings to advanced treatment directives and patient satisfaction questionnaires.
Liposomal delivery system/adjuvant for tuberculosis vaccine
Authors: Moradi Melika , Vahedi Farzaneh , Abbassioun Arian , Ramezanpour Shahi Arash , Sholeh Mohammad , Taheri‐Anganeh Mortaza , Dargahi Zahra , Ghanavati Roya , Khatami Seyyed Hossein , Movahedpour Ahmad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs reported by the World Health Organization, about 10 million individuals were infected with tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. Moreover, approximately 1.5 million people died of TB, of which 214,000 were infected with HIV simultaneously. Due to the high infection rate, the need for effective TB vaccination is highly felt. Until now, various methodologies have been proposed for the development of a protein subunit vaccine for TB. These vaccines have shown higher protection than other vaccines, particularly the Bacillus culture vaccine. The delivery system and safety regulator are common characteristics of effective adjuvants in TB vaccines and the clinical trial stage. The present study investigates the current state of TB adjuvant research focusing on the liposomal adjuvant system. Based on our findings, the liposomal system is a safe and efficient adjuvant from nanosize to microsize for vaccinations against TB, other intracellular infections, and malignancies. Clinical studies can provide valuable feedback for developing novel TB adjuvants, which ultimately enhance the impact of adjuvants on next‐generation TB vaccines.
China special issue on gastrointestinal tumors‐Improved survival after multidisciplinary team decision for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer: A multicenter, noninterventional, controlled study
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhou Ye , Song Lijie , Fang Weijia , Qiu Meng , Gu Yanhong , Yang Yang , Zhang Jingdong , Liu Jing , Li Jian , Lu Ming , Gong Tianxiao , Wang Xin , Li Yan , Yang Jun , Ye Yingjiang , Shen Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFormal multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions in clinical practice require time and space but have unclear survival benefits for advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients. Our study aimed to investigate the long‐term survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer after MDT decision. From June 2017 to June 2019, continuous MDT discussions on advanced gastrointestinal cancer were conducted in 13 medical centers in China. MDT decisions and actual treatment received by patients were prospectively recorded. The primary endpoint was the difference in overall survival (OS) between patients in the MDT decision implementation and nonimplementation groups. The secondary endpoints included the implementation rate of MDT decisions and subgroup survival analysis. A total of 461 MDT decisions of 455 patients were included in our study. The implementation rate of MDT decisions was 85.7%. Previous treatment had an impact on MDT decision‐making. The OS was 24.0 months and 17.0 months in the implementation and nonimplementation groups, respectively. The implementation of MDT decisions significantly reduced the risk of death in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio = 0.518; 95% confidence interval: 0.304‐0.884, P = .016). Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference in survival of patients with colorectal cancer, but not in survival of patients with gastric cancer. The rate of secondary MDT discussion was only 5.6% among patients who the MDT decisions were discontinued due to changes in their condition. MDT discussion can prolong the OS of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, especially those with colorectal cancer. Timely scheduling of the subsequent MDT discussion is necessary when the disease condition changes.
Cannabinoid receptor type 1 regulates sequential stages of migration and morphogenesis of neural crest cells and derivatives in chicken and frog embryos
Authors: Mahomed Amira , Girn Daljit , Pattani Afrin , Wells Brian K. , King Chloe C. , Patel Sonya , Kaur Harsimran , Noravian Christina M. , Sieminski Jessica , Pham Chi , Dante Halley , Ezin Max , Elul Tamira 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe main cannabinoid receptor CB1R first shows expression during early neurula stage in chicken (Gallus gallus) embryos, and at early tailbud stage in the frog (Xenopus laevis) embryos. This raises the question of whether CB1R regulates similar or distinct processes during the embryonic development of these two species. Here, we examined whether CB1R influences the migration and morphogenesis of neural crest cells and derivatives in both chicken and frog embryos. Early neurula stage chicken embryos were exposed to arachidonyl‐2ʹ‐chloroethylamide (ACEA; a CB1R agonist), N‐(Piperidin‐1‐yl)‐5‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐4‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxamide (AM251; a CB1R inverse agonist) or Blebbistatin (nonmuscle Myosin II inhibitor) in ovo and examined during migration of neural crest cells and at condensing cranial ganglia stage. Early tailbud stage frog embryos were bathed in ACEA, AM251 or Blebbistatin, and analyzed at late tailbud stage for changes in craniofacial and eye morphogenesis, and in patterning and morphology of melanophores (neural crest‐derived pigment cells). In chicken embryos exposed to ACEA and Myosin II inhibitor, cranial neural crest cells migrated erratically from the neural tube, and the right, but not the left, ophthalmic nerve of the trigeminal ganglia was affected in ACEA‐ and AM251‐treated embryos. In frog embryos with inactivation or activation of CB1R, or inhibition of Myosin II, the craniofacial and eye regions were smaller and/or less developed, and the melanophores overlying the posterior midbrain were more dense, and stellate in morphology, than the same tissues and cells in control embryos. This data suggests that despite differences in the time of onset of expression, normal activity of CB1R is required for sequential steps in migration and morphogenesis of neural crest cells and derivatives in both chicken and frog embryos. In addition, CB1R may signal through Myosin II to regulate migration and morphogenesis of neural crest cells and derivatives in chicken and frog embryos.
Patellofemoral joint geometry and osteoarthritis features 3–10 years after knee injury compared with uninjured knees
Authors: Macri Erin M. , Whittaker Jackie L. , Toomey Clodagh M. , Jaremko Jacob L. , Galarneau Jean‐Michel , Ronsky Janet L. , Kuntze Gregor , Emery Carolyn A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this cross‐sectional study, we compared patellofemoral geometry in individuals with a youth‐sport‐related intra‐articular knee injury to uninjured individuals, and the association between patellofemoral geometry and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐defined osteoarthritis (OA) features. In the Youth Prevention of Early OA (PrE‐OA) cohort, we assessed 10 patellofemoral geometry measures in individuals 3–10 years following injury compared with uninjured individuals of similar age, sex, and sport, using mixed effects linear regression. We also dichotomized geometry to identify extreme (>1.96 standard deviations) features and assessed likelihood of having extreme values using Poisson regression. Finally, we evaluated the associations between patellofemoral geometry with MRI‐defined OA features using restricted cubic spline regression. Mean patellofemoral geometry did not differ substantially between groups. However, compared with uninjured individuals, injured individuals were more likely to have extremely large sulcus angle (prevalence ratio [PR] 3.9 [95% confidence interval, CI: 2.3, 6.6]), and shallow lateral trochlear inclination (PR 4.3 (1.1, 17.9)) and trochlear depth (PR 5.3 (1.6, 17.4)). In both groups, high bisect offset (PR 1.7 [1.3, 2.1]) and sulcus angle (PR 4.0 [2.3, 7.0]) were associated with cartilage lesion, and most geometry measures were associated with at least one structural feature, especially cartilage lesions and osteophytes. We observed no interaction between geometry and injury. Certain patellofemoral geometry features are correlated with higher prevalence of structural lesions compared with injury alone, 3–10 years following knee injury. Hypotheses generated in this study, once further evaluated, could contribute to identifying higher‐risk individuals who may benefit from targeted treatment aimed at preventing posttraumatic OA.
Compensation strategy of shoulder synergist muscles is not stereotypical in patients with rotator cuff repair
Authors: Umehara Jun , Yagi Masahide , Ueda Yasuyuki , Nojiri Shusuke , Kobayashi Kotono , Tachibana Takashi , Nobuhara Katsuya , Ichihashi Noriaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRotator cuff tear is a common shoulder injury that causes shoulder dysfunction and pain. Although surgical repair is the primary treatment for rotator cuff tear, it is well recognized that impaired force exertion of muscles connecting to the involved tendon and subsequent complemental change in the force exertion of synergist muscles persist even after repair. This study aimed to identify the compensation strategy of shoulder abductors by examining how synergist muscles respond to supraspinatus (SSP) muscle force deficit in patients with rotator cuff repair. Muscle shear modulus, an index of muscle force, was assessed for SSP, infraspinatus, upper trapezius, and middle deltoid muscles in repaired and contralateral control shoulders of 15 patients with unilateral tendon repair of the SSP muscle using ultrasound shear wave elastography while the patients passively or actively held their arm in shoulder abduction. In the repaired shoulder, the shear modulus of the SSP muscle declined, whereas that of other synergist muscles did not differ relative to that of the control. To find the association between the affected SSP and each of the synergist muscles, a regression analysis was used to assess the shear moduli at the population level. However, no association was observed between them. At the individual level, there was a tendency of variation among patients with regard to a specific muscle whose shear modulus complementarily increased. These results suggest that the compensation strategy for SSP muscle force deficit varies among individuals, being nonstereotypical in patients with rotator cuff injury.
Prognostic indicators for colorectal peritoneal metastases are different for patients with complete versus incomplete cytoreductive surgery
Authors: Ghabra Shadin , Chang David , Sugarbaker Paul H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn the management of peritoneal metastases in patients with colorectal cancer, the completeness of cytoreduction has consistently been the most prominent prognostic indicator. Other clinical and histologic features have been described that may also have an impact on survival.MethodsThe colorectal peritoneal metastases patients treated by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy were divided into two groups. One group had complete CRS and the second group had an incomplete CRS. The prognostic variables in these two groups of patients were statistically analyzed for their impact on survival.ResultsIn the complete CRS group of 124 patients lymph node positivity, poorly differentiated histopathology, asymptomatic status following treatment with systemic chemotherapy, incomplete response to systemic chemotherapy, and moderate to high peritoneal cancer index showed a significantly reduced survival. All five of these prognostic variables ceased to show statistical significance in the group of 82 patients with incomplete cytoreduction.ConclusionThe cause for significance of five prognostic indicators identified in patients with complete cytoreduction versus loss of significance of these indicators in patients with incomplete cytoreduction has not been determined. An absence of residual disease in complete CRS patients and a widely variable extent of residual disease in incomplete CRS patients may be important. Prognostic indicators in patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases find their greatest usefulness in patients who have had a complete cytoreduction.
Thyroarytenoid Oxidative Metabolism and Synaptic Signaling Dysregulation in the Female Pink1−/− Rat
Authors: Barnett David G. S. , Lechner Sarah A. , Gammie Stephen C. , Kelm‐Nelson Cynthia A. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives and hypothesisVocal dysfunction, including hypophonia, in Parkinson disease (PD) manifests in the prodromal period and significantly impacts an individual's quality of life. Data from human studies suggest that pathology leading to vocal deficits may be structurally related to the larynx and its function. The Pink1−/− rat is a translational model used to study pathogenesis in the context of early‐stage mitochondrial dysfunction. The primary objective of this work was to identify differentially expressed genes in the thyroarytenoid muscle and examine the dysregulated biological pathways in the female rat.MethodsRNA sequencing was used to determine thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle gene expression in adult female Pink1−/− rats compared with controls. A bioinformatic approach and the ENRICHR gene analysis tool were used to compare the sequencing dataset with biological pathways and processes, disease relationships, and drug‐repurposing compounds. Weighted Gene Co‐expression Network Analysis was used to construct biological network modules. The data were compared with a previously published dataset in male rats.ResultsSignificant upregulated pathways in female Pink1−/− rats included fatty acid oxidation and muscle contraction, synaptic transmission, and neuromuscular processes. Downregulated pathways included anterograde transsynaptic signaling, chemical synaptic transmission, and ion release. Several drug treatment options including cetuximab, fluoxetine, and resveratrol are hypothesized to reverse observed genetic dysregulation.ConclusionsData presented here are useful for identifying biological pathways that may underlie the mechanisms of peripheral dysfunction including neuromuscular synaptic transmission to the TA muscle. These experimental biomarkers have the potential to be targeted as sites for improving the treatment for hypophonia in early‐stage PD.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:3412–3421, 2023
Exogene und endogene Einflussfaktoren auf die Bildung von Acrylamid‐Expositionsbiomarkern
Authors: Goerke Katharina , Richling Elke 
Published: June 2023

Acrylamid ist eine α,β‐ungesättigte Carbonylverbindung, die beim Erhitzen von Lebensmitteln durch die Maillard‐Reaktion aus Aminosäuren wie Asparagin und reduzierenden Zuckern gebildet wird. Da für diese prozessbedingte Lebensmittelkontaminante neuro‐ und gentoxische Effekte beschrieben sind und die mittlere alimentäre Exposition in Europa auf 0,4‐1,9 μg/kg KG/d geschätzt wurde, ist Acrylamid von Bedeutung für die Risikobewertung von Lebensmitteln.Acrylamid und sein gentoxischer Metabolit Glycidamid werden zu den Mercaptursäuren N‐Acetyl‐5‐ (2‐carbamoylethyl)‐L‐cystein (AAMA) bzw. N‐Acetyl‐5‐(2‐hydroxy‐2‐carbamoylethyl)‐L‐cystein (GAMA) metabolisiert, die als renale Biomarker zur Abschätzung der internen Exposition Verwendung finden. Frühere Befunde deuteten bereits auf eine potentielle endogene Bildung hin, die einer AcrylamidExposition von 0,2‐0,7 μg/kg KG entsprach und somit nennenswert zur Biomarker‐Ausscheidung beitragen kann, die exogen durch Acrylamid‐Aufnahme durch Lebensmittel, Tabakrauch oder Exposition am Arbeitsplatz beeinflusst werden kann. Um diese verschiedenen Einflussfaktoren weiter zu untersuchen, wurden zwei Humanstudien durchgeführt.Im Rahmen einer Duplikat‐Studie unter streng kontrollierten Bedingungen wurde die Toxikokinetik der Mercaptursäuren und Hämoglobin‐Addukte nach Acrylamid‐Aufnahme durch den Verzehr von Kaffee (0,15‐0,17 μg/kg KG/d) bzw. hitzebehandelten Lebensmitteln (14,1‐15,9 μg/kg KG/d) in sechs Probanden untersucht. Während der Kaffeekonsum nur zu einer leicht erhöhten Mercaptursäure‐ Antwort führte, konnte die renale Ausscheidungskinetik nach Aufnahme von 14,1‐15,9 μg/kg KG/d Acrylamid erfasst werden. Weitere sechs Probanden erhielten eine Acrylamid‐minimierte Diät, die eine Acrylamid‐Aufnahme von 0,05‐0,06 μg/kg KG/d nicht überschritt (Washout), und zusätzlich einen einmaligen Bolus von 1 μg/kg KG isCsDs‐Acrylamid. Am Ende des 13‐tägigen Washout wurde ein AAMA‐ Level erfasst, das einer Hintergrundbelastung von 0,3‐0,4 μg/kg KG/d entsprach, während die Ausscheidung von 13C3D3‐Acrylamid als 13C3D3‐AAMA innerhalb von 72‐96 h praktisch abgeschlossen war, welches die Hypothese einer anhaltenden endogenen Acrylamid‐Bildung in vivo unterstützt. Dies wurde durch Modell‐Reaktionen untermauert, die eine Acrylamid‐Bildung unter physiologischen Bedingungen zeigten.Eine zweite Duplikat‐Studie mit Gemischtköstlern und Veganern befasste sich mit dem Einfluss der Ernährung und Lebensstils auf die Acrylamid‐Exposition und Ausscheidung von AAMA, GAMA sowie Tabakrauch‐Expositionsbiomarkern. Die mittlere Acrylamid‐Aufnahme betrug 0,32±0,19 μg/kg KG/d, es zeigten sich jedoch deutliche Variabilitäten zwischen den Tagen und den Probanden. So nahmen Veganer mehr Acrylamid auf (0,38±0,23 μg/kg KG/d) als Gemischtköstler (0,26±0,10 μg/kg KG/d). Die Ausscheidungskinetik von AAMA und GAMA im Urin stimmte im Wesentlichen mit der jeweiligen alimentären Acrylamid‐Aufnahme überein. Erhöhte Werte konnten auf eine umwelt‐bezogene Belastung mit Tabakrauch zurückgeführt werden.
Assessing the concern for airway complications introduced by Wendler's glottoplasty
Authors: Root Zachary T. , Loomis Bradley D. , Smith Thomas J. , Matrka Laura A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveWendler's glottoplasty (WG) is a pitch‐elevating surgery performed by laryngologists providing gender‐affirming care. The surgery creates an anterior glottic web that could theoretically cause airway concerns, either perioperatively or at the time of future procedures; such concerns are not well‐described in the literature. We seek to assess surgeon opinions on airway concerns regarding WG.MethodA survey of laryngologists assessing opinions on airway considerations in glottoplasty.ResultsA total of 19 physicians responded, representing approximately 193 surgeries. 52.6% performed glottoplasty and the remainder responded based on experience with anterior glottic webs. Two perioperative airway complications were reported, both mild stridor that did not prevent same‐day discharge. No long‐term sequela was reported. All surveyed laryngologists endorsed an altered general anesthetic approach for future procedures, with 73.7% advocating for use of a smaller endotracheal tube. 72.2% did not have “major concerns” about future intubations, and only 5.3% thought the immediate risk of airway compromise was a “real concern.” 91.9% counsel their patients routinely but briefly on airway concerns. Open‐ended comments conveyed themes of concern for post‐operative disruption of the web more than of airway compromise.ConclusionBecause glottoplasty is performed in the anterior glottis and does not significantly impact airway patency, the risk of serious airway complications appears to be minimal. Laryngologists believe future intubations require a modified approach with a smaller tube, partly due to concern for glottic web trauma. Based on this pilot study, the topic deserves greater work to standardize care and anesthetic alterations for patients with WG.Level of Evidence5