bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a tumor microenvironment‐related prognostic signature in glioma to predict immune landscape and potential therapeutic drugs
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wu Chunmiao , Li Qiang , Fang Sheng , Hou Min , Zhang Sunfu , Dong Xingyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe involvement of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the biology of gliomas has expanded, while it is yet uncertain its potential of supporting diagnosis and therapy choices. According to immunological characteristics and overall survival, cohorts of glioma patients from public databases were separated into two TME‐relevant clusters in this analysis. Based on differentially expressed genes between TME clusters and correlative regression analysis, a 21‐gene molecular classifier of TME‐related prognostic signature (TPS) was constructed. Afterward, the prognostic efficacy and effectiveness of TPS were assessed in the training and validation groups. The outcome demonstrated that TPS might be utilized alone or in conjunction with other clinical criteria to act as a superior prognostic predictor for glioma. Also, high‐risk glioma patients classified by TPS were considered to associate with enhanced immune infiltration, greater tumor mutation, and worse general prognosis. Finally, possible treatment medicines specialized for different risk subgroups of TPS were evaluated in drug databases.
Observed and projected changes in wet and dry spells for the major river basins in East Asia
Authors: Huang Lirong , Du Haibo , Dang Yongcai , He Hong S. , Wang Lei , Na Risu , Li Na , Wu Zhengfang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpatiotemporal changes in wet and dry spells had significantly contributed to climate‐related natural hazards in East Asia, especially in river basins undergoing warming. However, few studies have systematically analysed these changes for river basins at different latitudes. Herein, we investigated the observed and projected variations in wet and dry spells for East Asian river basins at different latitudes. We found that river basins at low latitudes (Yangtze and Pearl rivers) had obvious wet characteristics, whereas those at high latitudes (Amur and Yellow rivers) had obvious dry characteristics. In general, the river basins presented a ‘wet south but dry north’ spatial pattern. Long‐duration wet spells have been shown to be the primary contributor to total wet spells in low‐latitude river basins, while long‐duration dry spells have been found to be the primary contributor to total dry spells in high‐latitude river basins. Importantly, climate is changing from prolonged wet spells to short, intense wet spells in low‐latitude river basins, whereas the climate is changing from single, short dry spells to moderate, prolonged dry spells at high latitudes. These changes indicate a high probability of flash floods in river basins at low latitudes and a high probability of droughts at high latitudes. In the future, more temporally clustered heavy precipitation events and prolonged dry spells may lead to increasingly uneven precipitation in high‐latitude river basins and the Pearl River basin, especially under the higher shared socioeconomic pathway scenarios. In contrast, more frequent consecutive heavy precipitation events may aggravate the risk of flooding in the Yangtze River basin. These findings are expected to serve as a guide for flood and drought risk mitigation in East Asia under a warming climate.
Who Benefits from Creative Mindsets?: The Effects of Domain‐Specific Knowledge on the Relationships Between Creative Mindsets and Creative Performance in the Context of ESL/EAL Writing
Authors: Bereczki Enikő Orsolya , Nagy Peter 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTIn the past decade, creativity researchers have attempted to explore how creative fixed and growth mindsets shape creative outcomes and effort. Previous studies found a strong association between creative mindsets and self‐perceptions. However, research on the relationship between creative mindsets and performance led to mixed results. In an attempt to explain these confusing findings, many advocated the idea that creative mindsets may influence how learners utilize their domain knowledge and skills in creative performance. To empirically test this assumption, we investigated the influence of domain knowledge and skills on the relationship between creative mindsets and performance among college students (n = 125) in the context of ESL/EAL writing. Our results show that a fixed creative mindset, but not growth, together with ESL/EAL writing proficiency contribute to ESL/EAL creative writing performance. We also found that domain‐specific knowledge and skills play a role in how creative mindsets translate to creative performance: while endorsing a fixed mindset was detrimental for students at all ESL/EAL writing proficiency levels, a growth mindset was beneficial at high proficiency levels only. These findings contradict the assumption that cultivating a growth creative mindset will lead to positive creative outcomes for all. Practical implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.
Artificial Intelligence Creates Art? An Experimental Investigation of Value and Creativity Perceptions
Authors: Tigre Moura Francisco , Castrucci Chiara , Hindley Clare 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a study analyzing the perception of artistic products created by or with the support of artificial intelligence (AI). The research builds on previous studies revealing that the output of artificial creativity processes can indeed rival human‐made products, satisfy consumer expectations, and derive enjoyment. However, in contrast to earlier works, the study focuses on the awareness of how AI is used during production processes (full automation, human‐AI co‐creation, and solely human) and product types (levels of involvement and product tangibility). A laboratory experiment was conducted to compare the value and creativity perceptions of 199 participants. Results revealed that, overall, the use of AI enhanced perceptions of process novelty. Additionally, the use of AI led to more positive evaluations of intangible and high involvement products such as songs compared to tangible and high involvement products such as paintings. This shows a decrease in perceived quality as more AI is involved in the production process. Furthermore, the level of product involvement level indicated no causal relationship to the degree of AI used in the production process.
3D characterization of the triple‐bundle Achilles tendon from in vivo high‐field MRI
Authors: Cone Stephanie G. , Kim Hoon , Thelen Darryl G. , Franz Jason R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Achilles tendon consists of three subtendons that transmit force from the triceps surae muscles to the calcaneus. Individual differences have been identified in Achilles subtendon morphology and twist in cadavers, which may have implications for triceps surae mechanics and function. High‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to identify boundaries within multi‐bundle tissues, which could then enable studies of subtendon structure−function relationships in humans. The objective of this study was to use high‐field MRI (7T) to image and reconstruct Achilles subtendons arising from the triceps surae muscles. We imaged the dominant lower leg of a cohort of healthy human subjects (n = 10) using a tuned musculoskeletal sequence (double echo steady state sequence, 0.4 mm isotropic voxels). We then characterized the cross‐sectional area and orientation of each subtendon between the MTJ and calcaneal insertion. Image collection and segmentation was repeated to assess repeatability. Subtendon morphometry varied across subjects, with average subtendon areas of 23.5 ± 8.9 mm2 for the medial gastrocnemius, 25.4 ± 8.9 mm2 for the lateral gastrocnemius, and 13.7 ± 5.9 mm2 for the soleus subtendons. Repeatable subject‐specific variations in size and position of each subtendon were identified over two visits, expanding on prior knowledge that high variability exists in Achilles subtendon morphology across subjects.
Recombinant lysyl oxidase effects on embryonic tendon cell phenotype and behavior
Authors: Nguyen Phong K. , Hall Kaitlyn , Holt Iverson , Kuo Catherine K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLysyl oxidase (LOX) plays an important role in the elaboration of tendon mechanical properties during embryonic development by mediating enzymatic collagen crosslinking. We previously showed recombinant LOX (rLOX) treatment of developing tendon significantly increased LOX‐mediated collagen crosslink density to enhance tendon mechanical properties at different stages of tissue formation. Working toward the future development of rLOX‐based therapeutic strategies to enhance mechanical properties of tendons that are compromised, such as after injury or due to abnormal development, this study characterized the direct effects of rLOX treatment on embryonic tendon cells from different stages of tissue formation. Tendon cell morphology, proliferation rate, proliferative capacity, and metabolic activity were not affected by rLOX treatment. Tenogenic phenotype was stable with rLOX treatment, reflected by no change in cell morphology or tendon marker messenger RNA (mRNA) levels assessed by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. Collagen mRNA levels also remained constant. Matrix metalloproteinase‐9 expression levels were downregulated in later stage tendon cells, but not in earlier stage cells, whereas enzyme activity levels were undetected. Bone morphogenetic protein‐1 (BMP‐1) expression was upregulated in earlier stage tendon cells, but not in later stage cells. Furthermore, BMP‐1 activity was unchanged when intracellular LOX enzyme activity levels were upregulated in both stage cells, suggesting exogenous rLOX may have entered the cells. Based on our data, rLOX treatment had minimal effects on tendon cell phenotype and behaviors. These findings will inform future development of LOX‐focused treatments to enhance tendon mechanical properties without adverse effects on tendon cell phenotype and behaviors.
The Efficacy of the Manual Circumlaryngeal Therapy for Muscle Tension Dysphonia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Barsties v. Latoszek Ben , Watts Christopher R. , Hetjens Svetlana 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveMuscle tension dysphonia (MTD) is the most common functional voice disorder. Behavioral voice therapy is the front‐line treatment for MTD, and laryngeal manual therapy may be a part of this treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of manual circumlaryngeal therapy (MCT) on acoustic markers of voice quality (jitter, shimmer, and harmonics‐to‐noise ratio) and vocal function (fundamental frequency) through a systematic review with meta‐analysis.Data SourcesFour databases were searched from inception to December 2022, and a manual search was performed.Review MethodsThe PRISMA extension statement for reporting systematic reviews incorporating a meta‐analysis of health care interventions was applied, and a random effects model was used for the meta‐analyses.ResultsWe identified 6 eligible studies from 30 studies (without duplicates). The MCT approach was highly effective on acoustics with large effect sizes (Cohen's d > 0.8). Significant improvements were obtained in jitter in percent (mean difference of −.58; 95% CI −1.00 to 0.16), shimmer in percent (mean difference of −5.66; 95% CI −8.16 to 3.17), and harmonics‐to‐noise ratio in dB (mean difference of 4.65; 95% CI 1.90–7.41), with the latter two measurements continuing to be significantly improved by MCT when measurement variability is considered.ConclusionThe efficacy of MCT for MTD was confirmed in most clinical studies by assessing jitter, shimmer, and harmonics‐to‐noise ratio related to voice quality. The effects of MCT on the fundamental frequency changes could not be verified. Further contributions of high‐quality randomized control trials are needed to support evidence‐based practice in laryngology. Laryngoscope, 134:18–26, 2024
Improved agronomic practices and high yielding rice varieties maintain soil health and enhance yield and energy use efficiency under shifting cultivation landscapes of easternHimalayas
Authors: Layek Jayanta , Das Anup , Mishra V. K. , Lal R. , Krishnappa R. , Hazarika S. , Mohapatra K. P. , Ansari M. A. , Pramanick B. , Kumar M. , Ramkrushna G. I. , Saha S. , Babu Subhash , Tahashildar M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLow productivity, depletion of soil fertility, and inefficient energy use are the major challenges of fragile Jhum (shifting cultivation: 280 M ha worldwide) agro‐ecosystems in north eastern Himalaya. Farmers' participatory field trials were conducted in sloping lands of Meghalaya, India over 3 years to identify suitable agronomic management practices and input responsive rice genotypes for sustaining soil health and enhance carrying capacity of Jhum land. Eleven genotypes of rice (six high yielding varieties [HYVs] and five landraces) were tested under two management practices, namely, improved Jhum (line‐sowing in contour, 50% recommended dose of nutrients (RDN) + farm yard manure 5 Mg ha−1with two hand weeding operations) and traditional Jhum (broadcasting, no manure/fertilizer/pesticides, and single hand weeding) as reference. Improved Jhum practices significantly increased (p = 0.05) rice yield (103.8%–133.7%), improved soil health, farm profitability, net energy output, and energy intensity. The HYVs of rice, namely, RCM 5, Bhalum‐3, and IURON 514 (1.92–1. 96 Mg ha−1) significantly out yielded local landraces, namely, Mannar, Kbaslu, Kba Khasi, Pnahiong, and Pnahlaispah (1.44–1.65 Mg ha−1). The soils under improved Jhum practices had significantly higher SOC (16.9 g kg−1), available N (278.2 kg ha−1), P2O5% (12.8 kg ha−1), K (217.1 kg ha−1), and more water infiltration rate (74.1 mm h−1) over traditional practice after 3 years of our present study. The rice yield for second and third year of cropping were also significantly higher (p = 0.05) under improved Jhum practices (2.23 and 2.01 Mg ha−1, respectively) as compared to traditional Jhum.The net income enhanced by 53% and 85 to 104.6% owing to adoption of improved Jhum and HYVs over local practice and genotypes, respectively. Hence, growing HYVs of rice, namely, RCM 5, Bhalum‐3, and IURON 514 along with improved agronomic practices are recommended for achieving higher productivity, extending carrying capacity, and sustaining soil health in Jhum ecosystems of north eastern Himalaya.
Spatial Frequency Manipulation of a Quartz Crystal for Phase‐Matched Second‐Harmonic Vacuum Ultraviolet Generation
Authors: Shao Mingchuan , Liang Fei , Zhang Zhongmian , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSecond harmonic generation (SHG) is the nonlinear response of electrons to high‐intensity light and has been successfully applied in basic scientific research and modern optoelectronics. However, constrained by stringent but essential phase‐matching conditions, efficient vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) SHG is still a challenge in solid‐state lasers. Here, this work employs a spatial frequency manipulation strategy to realize artificially structured phase‐matching conditions in ordinary quartz crystals for efficient frequency doubling in the VUV range. Phase‐matched VUV SHG at wavelengths of 177.3 and 167.8 nm is realized with unprecedented output power and conversion efficiency. The design strategy releases the phase‐matching condition for nonlinear optics and provides a way to study light–matter nonlinear interactions, and the present sources should be helpful for the development of VUV photonics, including high‐resolution angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy and Al+ optical clocks.
Highly Efficient Top‐Emitting Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes with Record‐Breaking External Quantum Efficiency of over 44.5%
Authors: Li Haotao , Zhou Shiming , Chen Shuming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTop‐emitting (TE) quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) can exhibit higher light outcoupling efficiency (OCE) compared to bottom‐emitting (BE) QLEDs due to the eliminated substrate mode and enhanced microcavity effect. In this study, TE QLEDs with an OCE of over 45% are realized by simultaneously optimizing the thicknesses of both indium‐zinc‐oxide (IZO) phase tuning layers and IZO top transparent electrodes. To reduce the resistance, the IZO top electrodes are equipped with an auxiliary metal electrode. Consequently, the red QLEDs demonstrate a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 38.2%. Furthermore, by applying a scattering layer on the IZO top electrode, the red QLEDs demonstrate record‐breaking efficiencies of EQE 44.5%, power efficiency 92.2 lm W−1, and current efficiency 93.7 cd A−1. The proposed device architecture and optimization strategy contribute to a new design scheme for the preparation of highly efficient QLEDs for displays and lighting applications.
pH‐temperature Responsive Hydrogel‐Mediated Delivery of Exendin‐4 Encapsulated Chitosan Nanospheres for Sustained Therapeutic Efficacy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Trinh Thuy An , Le Thai Minh Duy , Nguyen Hien Thi‐Thanh , Nguyen Thanh Loc , Kim Jaeyun , Huynh Dai Phu , Lee Doo Sung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is a chronic, obesity‐related, and inflammatory disorder characterize by insulin resistance, inadequate insulin secretion, hyperglycemia, and excessive glucagon secretion. Exendin‐4 (EX), a clinically established antidiabetic medication that acts as a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, is effective in lowering glucose levels and stimulating insulin secretion while significantly reducing hunger. However, the requirement for multiple daily injections due to EX's short half‐life is a significant limitation in its clinical application, leading to high treatment costs and patient inconvenience. To address this issue, an injectable hydrogel system is developed that can provide sustained EX release at the injection site, reducing the need for daily injections. In this study, the electrospray technique is examine to form EX@CS nanospheres by electrostatic interaction between cationic chitosan (CS) and negatively charged EX. These nanospheres are uniformly dispersed in a pH‐temperature responsive pentablock copolymer, which forms micelles and undergoes sol‐to‐gel transition at physiological conditions. Following injection, the hydrogel gradually degraded, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility. The EX@CS nanospheres are subsequently released, maintaining therapeutic levels for over 72 h compared to free EX solution. The findings demonstrate that the pH‐temperature responsive hydrogel system containing EX@CS nanospheres can be a promising platform for the treatment of T2D.
Broadband eight‐way substrate integrated coaxial line power divider with high isolation
Authors: Song Kaijun , Zou Xinjun , Hu Jianwei , Kong Te , Fan Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article presents a broadband substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) radial power divider with high output isolation. The proposed power divider mainly consists of input impedance matching circuits, microstrip isolation circuits, and radial SICL circuits. The two‐layer substrate of the input impedance matching circuit acts as a quasi‐coaxial structure and is connected to the coaxial input port to provide the function of impedance matching. The star‐type microstrip isolation circuits are employed to enhance the isolation performance between the output ports of the power divider. Two designed substrates sandwiching the air cavity layer constitute the radial SICL circuit, and the input microwave signal is evenly divided into 8 channels of signals with the same power. The designed power divider using SICL technology has the characteristics of supporting transverse electromagnetic mode transmission, being broadband, and compatible with substrate integration. A prototype of the multi‐layers eight‐way SICL power divider is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results show that the relative bandwidth of 15 dB input/output return loss is 34% and 43%, respectively. The absolute bandwidth of 15 dB input/output return loss is 5–7 GHz and 4.5–7.1 GHz, respectively, and the isolation between output ports is greater than 20 dB in the above frequency bands.
Reconfigurable wearable antenna for 5G applications using nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Xia Yuanjie , Yuan Mengyao , Dobrea Alexandra , Li Chong , Heidari Hadi , Mottram Nigel , Ghannam Rami 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe antenna is one of the key building blocks of many wearable electronic devices, and its functions include wireless communications, energy harvesting, and radiative wireless power transfer. In an effort to realize lightweight, autonomous, and battery‐less wearable devices, we demonstrate a reconfigurable antenna design for 5G wearable applications that requires ultra‐low driving voltages (0.4–0.6 V) and operates over a high frequency range (3.3–3.8 GHz). For smart glasses applications, previous antenna designs were ‘fixed’ and mounted on the eyeglass frame itself. Here, we demonstrate a reconfigurable design that could be achieved on the lens itself using an anisotropic liquid crystal (LC) material. We demonstrate how liquid crystal alignment and electric field patterns strongly influence the tuning capabilities of these antennas in the gigahertz range and present a smart, reconfigurable spiral antenna system with a liquid crystal substrate.
Phenobarbital versus benzodiazepines in alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Authors: Malone Deanna , Costin Blair N. , MacElroy Dawn , Al‐Hegelan Mashael , Thompson Julie , Bronshteyn Yuriy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimPhenobarbital, a long‐acting barbiturate, presents an alternative to conventional benzodiazepine treatment for alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). Currently, existing research offers only modest guidance on the safety and effectiveness of phenobarbital in managing AWS in hospital settings. The study objective was to assess if a phenobarbital protocol for the treatment of AWS reduces respiratory complications when compared to a more traditionally used benzodiazepine protocol.MethodsA retrospective cohort study analyzing adults who received either phenobarbital or benzodiazepine‐based treatment for AWS over a 4‐year period, 2015–2019, in a community teaching hospital in a large academic medical system.ResultsA total of 147 patient encounters were included (76 phenobarbital and 71 benzodiazepine). Phenobarbital was associated with a significantly decreased risk of respiratory complications, defined by the occurrence of intubation (15/76 phenobarbital [20%] vs. 36/71 benzodiazepine [51%]) and decreased incidence of the requirement of six or greater liters of oxygen when compared with benzodiazepines (10/76 [13%] vs. 28/71 [39%]). There was a significantly higher incidence of pneumonia in benzodiazepine patients (15/76 [20%] vs. 33/71 [47%]). Mode Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) scores were more frequently at goal (0 to −1) between 9 and 48 h after the loading dose of study medication for phenobarbital patients. Median hospital and ICU length of stay were significantly shorter for phenobarbital patients when compared with benzodiazepine patients (5 vs. 10 days and 2 vs. 4 days, respectively).ConclusionParenteral phenobarbital loading doses with an oral phenobarbital tapered protocol for AWS resulted in decreased risk of respiratory complications when compared to standard treatment with benzodiazepines.