bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the role of HIS-1 and HSP-70 genes in pathology and response to the drugs by antisense oligonucleotides in Leishmania major
Authors: Abdollahi Vahideh , Heydari Mahshid , Abdollahi Haniye , Shams Elaheh , Esboei Bahman Rahimi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Propose
Leishmaniasis is a protozoan disease that caused by Leishmania spp. with wide spectrum of manifestations. Researchers are currently unable to control and treat different types of leishmaniasis and efficient vaccine and drug are not available. This study is aimed to assess the pathological aspects and drugs susceptibility of L. major which received antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) against HSP-70 and HIS-1 gene.
Methods
In current experimental study, we describe the anti-leishmanial effect of ASO targeting the HSP-70 and HIS-1 genes that genes play roles in stage differentiation and antileishmanial drugs susceptibility using the L. major promastigote, amastigote and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in mice, respectively.
Results
Our results revealed that the expression of the HSP-70 and HIS-1 genes was significantly decreased in group receiving ASO. The amastigote count in macrophage in group receiving HSP-70 ASO was significantly lower than other groups. The results of in vivo experiments indicated that in the group receiving HIS-1 ASO the size of CL lesion and the susceptibility to the glucantime were significantly lower and higher than other group, respectively.
Conclusion
The results of current study showed that ASO as a new technique in genetic manipulation can help the control and prevent of many diseases.
A Capacitive Antibacterial Dressing with Electrical Stimulation for Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Wang Hao , Zheng Ruizhu , He pengyu , Li Xiaoming , Shi Zhijun , Yang Guang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The formulation of an antibiotic-free antibacterial approach is imperative in circumventing escalating bacterial drug resistance. Electrical stimulation presents a viable therapeutic modality for such an approach. Nonetheless, obstacles persist in achieving efficacious sterilization with biosafe low-voltage electrical fields (EFs) and enduring antibacterial capabilities. In this study, we have devised a novel capacitive antibacterial dressing comprising polypyrrole-wrapped carbon cloth (PPy-CC) electrodes and a bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel separator. Subjected to 1V electrical stimulation for 10 minutes, the dressing attains high bactericidal efficiency (up to 99.97%) and enhanced activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (up to 99.99%). Its considerable electric capacity and rechargeability allow for repeated charging to achieve sustained sterilization. In vivo results demonstrate significant inhibition of wound infection and facilitated wound recovery in infected full-thickness defects in mouse models. This represents an antibiotic-free, physically-stimulated treatment modality for infected wounds with considerable potential for clinical application.
Olfactory misinformation provides refuge to palatable plants from mammalian browsing
Authors: Finnerty Patrick , Possell Malcolm , Banks Peter , Orlando Cristian , Price Catherine , Shrader Adrian , McArthur Clare 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Mammalian herbivores browse palatable plants of ecological and economical value. Undesirable neighbours can reduce browsing to these plants by providing ‘associational refuge’, but they can also compete for resources. Here, we recreated the informative odour emitted by undesirable plants. We then tested whether this odour could act as virtual neighbours, providing browsing refuge to palatable tree seedlings. We found that protection using this misinformation tactic was equivalent to that provided by real plants. Palatable seedlings were 17-20 times more likely to be eaten by herbivores without virtual, or real, neighbours. As many herbivores use plant odour to forage, virtual neighbours could provide a novel practical management approach to help protect valued plants.
Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of large language models in answering neurophysiology questions
Authors: Shojaee-Mend Hassan , Mohebbati Reza , Amiri Mostafa , Atarodi Alireza 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, Google's Bard, and Anthropic's Claude, demonstrate impressive natural language capabilities. Assessing their competence in specialized domains such as neurophysiology is important for determining their utility in research, education, and clinical applications.
Objectives:This study evaluates and compares the performance of LLMs in answering neurophysiology questions in English and Persian across different topics and cognitive levels.
Methods:Twenty questions spanning 4 topics (general, sensory system, motor system, and integrative) and 2 cognitive levels (lower-order and higher-order) were presented to the LLMs. Physiologists scored the essay-style responses from 0-5 points. Statistical analysis compared the scores at themodel, language, topic, and cognitive levels.
Results:Overall,the models performed well (mean score=3.56/5), with no significant difference between language or cognitive levels. Performance was the strongest in themotor system (mean=4.52) and the weakest in integrative topics (mean=2.1). Detailed qualitative analysis revealed inconsistencies and gaps in reasoning.
Conclusions: Thisstudy provides insights into LLMs’ capabilities and limitations in neurophysiology. The models exhibit competence in fundamental concepts but face challenges in advanced reasoning and integration. Targeted training could address gaps in knowledge and causal reasoning. As LLMs evolve, rigorous domain-specific assessments will be important to gauge progress.
Rotating shift work Is Associated with increased risk of thyroid carcinoma ： an ecological study of 178905 workers in 35 European countries between 2000 and 2015
Authors: Yang Yuping , Yan Wenting , Han Shanshan , Zhang Liwen , Xu Yan , Chen Qing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective:Previous studies have shown that circadian disruption can affect thyroid hormone levels, but whether it elevates the risk of thyroid cancer (TC) is still controversial. The present study investigates the relationship between rotating shift work (RSW) and the incidence of TC.
Methods:The prevalence of RSW in the 35 European countries from 2000 to 2015 was estimated based on the data of 89257 men and 81749 women of the European Working Condition Survey. The incidence of TC was obtained from the Global Burden of Disease database. We analyzed the relationship between the prevalence of RSW and the incidence of TC 5 years later (TC5). We used a mixed model with adjustment of country-specific GDP per capita, Volcanic region, age, Education attainment rate, obesity rate and occupational radiation exposure rate.
Results: The prevalence of RSW was significantly associated with the incidence of TC5 (β = 0.03 95%CI:0.01, 0.06, P=0.03). For a quartile increase in RSW, the incidence of TC5 increased by 0.18 per 100000（95%CI：0.05 per 100000,0.33 per 100000）. When separately analyzed in the two genders, we found an association between the two in women (β = 0.04, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.08, P=0.02), but not in men (β = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.04, P=0.75).
Conclusion: Circadian disruption may be associated with an increase in the overall risk of TC, but it only seems to affect the occurrence of TC in women, not men. Further research is needed to verify the findings of the present study.
Radially symmetric solutions of a nonlinear singular elliptic equation
Authors: Hsu Shu-Yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
For any $\lambda\ge 0$, $2\le n\le 4$ and $\mu_1\in\mathbb{R}$, we will prove the existence of unique radially symmetric solution $h\in C^2((0,\infty))\cap C^1([0,\infty))$ for the nonlinear singular elliptic equation $2r^2h(r)h_{rr}(r)=(n-1)h(r)(h(r)-1)+rh_r(r)(rh_r(r)-\lambda r-(n-1))$, $h(r)>0$, in $(0,\infty)$ satisfying $h(0)=1$, $h_r(0)=\mu_1$. We also prove the existence of unique analytic solution of the about equation on $[0,\infty)$ for any $\lambda\ge 0$, $n\ge 2$ and $\mu_1\in\mathbb{R}$. Moreover we will prove the asymptotic behaviour of the solution $h$ for any $n\ge 2$, $\lambda\ge 0$ and $\mu_1\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\{0\}$.
AMS 2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 35J70, 35J75 Secondary 53C21
Promoted wheat straw degradation on a composite microbial system
Authors: Zhou Yuheng , Yang Yingtao , Wang Xiaohui , Deng Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The improvement of lignocellulosic fermentation efficiency via a composite biological system incorporating multiple strains holds immense potential for various applications. In this study, we used Bacteroides cellulosolvens, Escherichia coli and Alcaligenes faecalis to construct a composite microbial system (CM), which has good degradation ability to lignocellulose. Degradation conditions were optimized and possible mechanisms during the degradation process on this composite microbial system were further studied. Research results indicated that the degradation rates of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose were 40.43%, 33.19% and 42.69% respectively under certain conditions (temperature at 37 ℃, pH at 6.0, solid-liquid ratio at 8% and culture time over 312 h. The construction of the combination bacteria significantly enhanced the degradation ability of lignocellulose and showed a good correlation and coordination mechanism.
Digital Footprint of the Xishu Garden: A Case Study of the San Su Shrine Digital Preservation
Authors: Li Guo , Wenjing Ma , Deshun Zhang , Xueqian Gong , Zhigao Zhai , Mengjia Li 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Chinese Classical Garden is an important World Cultural Heritage site. The incorporation of digital recording methods in its preservation is an efficacious approach to safeguarding its cultural heritage value. Using the San Su Shrine as a case study, the theoretical framework of landscape informatics is employed in this study to demonstrate the application of 3D laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography technologies in digital conservation research. The objective of this study is to acquire data and construct a three-dimensional (3D) point cloud model. This study employs two-dimensional mapping and 3D real-scene modelling to conduct feature extraction and quantitative analysis in three key areas: garden layout, commemorative items, and narrative spatial units. A research strategy is developed that focuses on the preservation of legacy gardens using digital means. The technical aspects and benefits associated with the recording, analysis, preservation, and restoration of the Xishu Garden are discussed.
Prognostic value of lymph node distribution after laparoscopic colectomy with Japanese D3 dissection
Authors: Noda Keisuke , Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Ono Rika , Oishi Kaido , Takamura Yuma , Ishii Mitsutoshi , Hisanaga Makoto , Takeshita Hiroaki , Oyma Shosaburo , Ishimaru Kazuhide , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Positive pathologic lymph nodes in colorectal cancer represent an important prognostic indicator. Whether lymph node distribution or the number of metastatic nodes is more strongly associated with survival prediction remains controversial.
Methods: Among 3449 colorectal cancer surgeries performed at Nagasaki University Hospital and five affiliated institutions from April 2016 to March 2022, we investigated 604 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection and were diagnosed with pathological Stage III cancer. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had central vessel metastasis (LND3 group, n=42) or not (LND1/2 group, n=562). After adjusting for background factors using propensity score matching, the LND3 group included 42 patients and the LND1/2 group included 40 patients. Patient background characteristics and prognosis were compared between these two groups.
Results: Before matching, frequencies of right-side colon cancer (64.3% vs 38.1%, p=0.001), multivisceral resection (11.9% vs 4.4%, p=0.039), clinical N2 status (40.5% vs 22.6%, p=0.032) and pathological N2 (73.8% vs 22.6%, p<0.001) were all greater and number of lymph nodes retrieved was higher (24 vs 19, p=0.042) in the LND3 group. After matching, no differences in any clinical factors were evident between groups. Five-year RFS (44.8% vs 77.1%, p=0.004) and OS (43.1% vs 83.2%, p<0.001) were worse in the LND3 group. Adjuvant chemotherapy improved RFS (adjuvant chemotherapy (+) vs adjuvant chemotherapy (-): 62.1% vs 27.7%, p=0.047) in the LND3 group.
Conclusion: LND3-positive patients show poorer prognosis than LND1/2 patients and should be treated with an appropriate perioperative treatment strategy.
Genomic Profiling Reveals Intraspecific Divergence and Interspecific Diversity in Allium cepa L.
Authors: Lekshmi Narayana Chellaiya Johnson Packia , Brindha Johnson Raja , Mahamuni Duraisamy , Rajesh Ramasamy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Evolution of genus is accompanied by ecological diversification. The majority of species grow in open, sunny, rather dry sites in arid and moderately humid climates. However, Allium species have adapted for many other ecological niches. Classical approaches for the identification of Allium cultivars are based on morphological traits. The assessment of these traits is difficult and their evaluation can be subjective considering that most of these cultivars are closely related. Hence, this study of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequencing and four barcoding regions, matK, rbcL, trnH-psbA, trnL and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) were researched in onion, Allium cepa L. (Alliaceae) collected from three different cultivation sites. The results established noticeable hereditary divergence among the three cultivars. In ITS and matK, BDUT 1453, BDUT 1454 and BDUT 1455 were independent of each other and formed three clusters. In rbcL, BDUT 1453 formed an independent cluster from the cluster of BDUT 1454 and BDUT 1455. But in trnH-psbA, BDUT 1454 formed an independent cluster and BDUT 1453 and BDUT 1455 were closely placed whereas trnL showed all the three forming a cluster wherein BDUT 1453 and BDUT 1454 were placed closely in a sub-cluster. In ISSR, BDUT 1454 and BDUT 1455 formed a single cluster and BDUT 1453 diverged from it. Even though the tested cultivars belong to the same species they showed genetic divergence among themselves.
The predictive value of total bilirubin for acute appendicitis in retrospect
Authors: Saad Hassan A. , Eraky Mohamed E. , El-Tahe Ahmed K , Riad Mohamed , Farid Mohamed I , Sharaf Khaled 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The present study aimed to examine the clinical importance of preoperative total bilirubinemia in patients with acute appendicitis and to determine whether it has any practical application for predicting severe appendicitis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of appendicectomies was performed at one hospital ( 636 cases of acute appendicitis presenting to the emergency department between December 2019 and January 2023). Using multivariate analysis, we examined predictive data for complex (perforated or gangrenous) appendicitis, including demographics, sex, white blood cell count, degree of C-reactive protein (CRP) elevation, high-temperature peritoneal signs and indicators, and total bilirubin levels.
Results
Those with total bilirubin (> 1.1 mg/dL), high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (> 0.5 mg/dL), positive peritoneal irritated symptoms, and temperature (> 37.3 C) had considerably higher rates of acute appendicitis. Age (> 64 years), hyperbilirubinemia, high CRP levels, and fever (odds ratios of 3.36, 1.75, 7.61, and 2.43, respectively) were identified by multivariate analysis as associated risks for complex appendicitis. This is particularly true for those under 65 years of age.
Conclusions
High temperature, elevated CRP level, and high total bilirubin level were good predictors of acute appendicitis, especially in patients younger than 65 years; however, total bilirubin level was a more precise indicator.
Reversal of cellular senescence and insulin resistance in Skeletal muscle cells, via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition
Authors: Rana Karan Singh , Raja Farah NS , Marwah Mandeep K , Dias Irundika , Brown James E , Bellary Srikanth 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis; Increased accumulation of senescent cells with ageing is associated with reduced ability of insulin-target tissues to utilise glucose, resulting in increased insulin resistance and glucotoxicity. We investigated the role of senescent-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) within C2C12, skeletal muscle cells on glucose homeostasis and if such effects can be reversed by blocking pro-inflammatory pathways. Methods; C2C12 myotubes were treated with 40% conditioned media from senescent fibroblasts. Indirect glucose uptake was measured, along with glycogen content and cell viability. The effect of SASP on the generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial density in C2C12 myotubes was measured using Mitosox and Mitotracker staining. To assess the effect of blocking pro-inflammatory pathways on cellular senescence, above experiments were repeated with a p38 inhibitor and a western blot was completed using antibodies to NF-κβ in the presence and absence of conditioned media from senescent cells. Results; 40% SASP treatment significantly decreased glucose utilisation and glycogen storage, without reducing cell viability within mature C2C12 myotubes (p = < 0.0001). 40% SASP was successful in inducing oxidative stress and increased mitochondrial density following 48 hours of incubation (p = < 0.0001). Blocking NF-κβ, the pro-inflammatory signalling cascade restored glucose utilisation (p = < 0.01) despite the presence of 40% SASP. Co-incubation of 40% SASP with an NF-κβ inhibitor eliminates excessive reactive oxygen species production and restored mitochondrial density to levels comparable to control treatment. The role of NF-κβ in propagating cellular senescence was confirmed by increased p50 protein expression in C2C12 myotubes cultured in 40% SASP for 48 hours. Conclusion; Our study shows changes in glucose homeostasis in senescent cells is likely to be mediated through SASP and this effect can be reversed by blocking proinflammatory pathways. Targeting these pathways to reduce inflammation could be a potential treatment for individuals experiencing age-related insulin resistance.
Preparing the implementation of peer support work in FACT: Exploring perspectives of managers
Authors: Johansen Kirsten Kjaer , Lerbaek Birgitte , Slade Mike , Castelein Stynke , Jørgensen Rikke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand the point of departure for peer support workers in an organization new to working alongside with peer support workers as equal colleagues.
The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of Flexible Assertive Community Treatment managers on preparation and employment of peer support workers, and how from a manager’s perspective, the non-peer professionals were prepared to work alongside with peer support workers.
Methods
This qualitative study was based on semi-structured interviews with all Flexible Assertive Community Treatment managers (n = 5) in the community mental health care in the North Denmark Region. The analysis was conducted with an inductive approach to content analysis.
Findings
The study revealed three themes: 1) An exploratory but energy loaded process - deciding to implement Flexible Assertive Community Treatment and employ peer support workers, 2) Paving the road while walking - preparing employment of peer support workers, and 3) Uncertainty about the “how” and the “what” – preparing non-peer professionals for collaborating with peer support workers. The themes suggest an exploratory and unstructured implementation process.
Conclusion
Our findings reveal that lack of structure and specific activities during implementation may compromise staff wellbeing, expressed as feeling insecure about own professional role, and lacking the sense of readiness to embrace peer support workers as colleagues. Applying an implementation framework and addressing the literature on barriers and facilitators may help limit the barriers towards employment of peer support workers and may promote successful implementation.
Diagnostic accuracy of the breast MRI Kaiser Score in suspected architectural distortions and its comparison with mammography.
Authors: Aslan Ozge , Oktay Aysenur 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Suspicious architectural distortions are an elusive finding in breast cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Kaiser score for suspicious architectural distortions observed on mammography and compare it with the BI-RADS score of the lesion. Mammograms performed between January 2013 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of suspicious architectural distortion. Forty-one patients, who had at least 1 year of radiological follow-up or pathology results, and underwent breast MRI, were included in the study. Mammography findings and the BI-RADS category of the lesion were assessed. MRI findings were assesed and Kaiser scoring was performed according to the tree flowchart. Ninety-one percent of the enhanced lesions had a Kaiser score of 5 and above. In the diagnosis of malignancy, the Kaiser score yielded an accuracy of 78.05% and an AUC of 0.833 by ROC analysis. A statistically significant correlation was observed indicating that a malignant diagnosis was more prevalent in patients with a Kaiser score of 5 and above (p = 0.030). The combined utilization of mammography findings and the evidence-based Kaiser score in suspected architectural distortions provides more accurate results in the differential diagnosis of breast cancer.
Evaluation of electrocardiogram parameters and heart rate variability during blood pressure elevation by phenylephrine in cirrhotic rats
Authors: Ketabchi Farzaneh , Khoram Mohammadreza , Dehghanian Amirreza 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disease that may go undetected in the early stages due to peripheral vasodilatation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate variability (HRV) after raising blood pressure by phenylephrine injection in rats with liver cirrhosis. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the Sham and common bile duct ligation (CBDL) groups. After 44 days, animals were anesthetized and the right femoral artery and vein catheterized. After a steady-state period, a bolus injection of phenylephrine (PHE, 10 µg/µl/IV, baroreflex maneuver) was followed by a slow injection of PHE (100 µg/ml/5min/IV, sustained maneuver). Rapid and slow injections of PHE resulted in a greater increase in MAP and a weaker bradycardia response in the CBDL group than in the sham group. ECG analysis showed increased QT, QTc, JT, and T peak to T end in the CBDL group, which did not change after PHE injection. On the other hand, the parasympathetic indices of the HF band and RMSSD, and the sympathetic index of the LF band were lower in the CBDL group than in the sham group after PHE injections. ECG data indicated prolonged ventricular depolarization and repolarization, independent of the level of blood pressure in cirrhosis, whereas the parasympathetic and sympathetic components of HRV decreased regardless of the duration of the elevated blood pressure. We suggest HRV analysis can provide a useful approach in evaluating cardiac dysfunction during increasing blood pressure in cirrhosis.