bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A conservative approach for unicystic ameloblastoma: Retrospective clinic‐pathologic analysis of 12 cases
Authors: Leite‐Lima Flávia , Martins‐Chaves Roberta Rayra , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Brennan Peter A. , de Castro Wagner Henriques , Gomez Ricardo Santiago 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundUnicystic ameloblastoma is an encapsulated odontogenic neoplasm with a single cyst cavity. The conservative or aggressive surgical approaches used to treat the tumor directly affect recurrence rates. However, there is a lack of a standard protocol that can guide its management.Study DesignWe retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological findings and therapeutical procedures of 12 unicystic ameloblastoma cases treated by the same surgeon during the past 20 years.MethodsAll cases of unicystic ameloblastoma diagnosed by biopsy and treated by the same surgeon between 2002 and 2022 were reviewed. Eligibility criteria were patients with completely filled‐out charts containing the follow‐up period and confirmation of the diagnoses based on the microscopic findings of the whole excised specimens. Data collected were categorized into clinical, radiographic, histological, surgical, and recurrence aspects.ResultsThere was a female predilection (2:1), and ages ranged between 18 and 61 years (mean: 27.25, ±12.45). Almost all (92%) affected the posterior mandible. Radiographically, the mean length of the lesions was 46.14 mm ± 14.28 mm which 92% were unilocular and 8.3% multilocular. Root resorption (n = 7, 58%), tooth displacement (n = 9, 75%), and cortical perforation (n = 5, 42%) were also observed. The mural histological subtype corresponded to 9 (75%) of the cases. The same conservative protocol was performed in all cases. The follow‐up period ranged between 12 and 240 months (~62 ± 65) and recurrence occurred in only one patient (8%).ConclusionOur findings suggest a conservative approach should be the first option for unicystic ameloblastoma treatment, even for those with mural proliferation.
Chronic hyperglycemia reduces the expression of intercellular adhesion molecules and increases intercellular hyperpermeability in the periodontal epithelium
Authors: Narukawa Yuki , Sugiyama Naoyuki , Miura Jiro , Yamashita Rentaro , Tominaga Shotaro , Izumi Yoshihiro , Bamba Takeshi , Ishihama Yasushi , Kashiwagi Yoichiro , Murakami Shinya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsHyperglycemia in diabetes is closely associated with periodontal disease progression. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on the barrier function of gingival epithelial cells as a cause of hyperglycemia‐exacerbated periodontitis in diabetes mellitus.MethodsThe abnormal expression of adhesion molecules in gingival epithelium in diabetes was compared between db/db and control mice. To study the effects of hyperglycemia on interepithelial cell permeability, the mRNA and protein expressions of adhesion molecules were investigated using a human gingival epithelial cell line (epi 4 cells) in the presence of either 5.5 mM glucose (NG) or 30 mM glucose (HG). Immunocytochemical and histological analyses were performed. We also studied HG‐related intracellular signaling to assess abnormal adhesion molecule expression in the cultured epi 4 cells.ResultsThe results of the proteomic analysis implied the abnormal regulation of cell–cell adhesion, and mRNA and protein expression assessments revealed the significant downregulation of Claudin1 expression in the gingival tissues of db/db mice (p < .05 vs control). Similarly, the mRNA and protein expressions of adhesion molecules were lower in epi 4 cells cultured under HG conditions than in those cultured under NG conditions (p < .05). Three‐dimensional culture and transmission electron microscopy revealed reduced thickness of the epithelial cell layers with no flattened apical cells and heterogeneously arranged intercellular spaces among adjacent epi 4 cells under the HG. These results were consistent with the increased permeability of epi 4 cells under the HG relative to that of cells under the NG. This abnormal expression of intercellular adhesion molecules under the HG was related to the increased expression of receptors for advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidative stress relative to that seen under the NG, along with stimulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in epi 4 cells.ConclusionsHigh glucose‐induced impairment of intercellular adhesion molecule expression in gingival epithelial cells was related to the intercellular permeability of gingival cells, representing a possible link to hyperglycemia‐related AGE signaling, oxidative stress, and ERK1/2 activation.
Organ dysfunction and failure in liver disease
Authors: Juanola Adrià , Tiwari Neha , Solé Cristina , Adebayo Danielle , Wong Florence , Ginès Pere 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a complex syndrome defined by the existence of different organ failures (OFs) in patients with chronic liver disease, mainly cirrhosis. Several definitions have been proposed to define the syndrome, varying in the grade of the subjacent liver disease, the type of precipitants and the organs considered in the definition. Liver, coagulation, brain, kidney, circulatory and pulmonary are the six types of OFs proposed in the different classifications, with different prevalence worldwide. Irrespective of the definition used, patients who develop ACLF present a hyperactive immune system, profound haemodynamic disturbances and several metabolic alterations that finally lead to organ dysfunction. These disturbances are triggered by different factors such as bacterial infections, alcoholic hepatitis, gastrointestinal bleeding or hepatitis B virus flare, among others. Because patients with ACLF present high short‐term mortality, a prompt recognition is needed to start treatment of the trigger event and specific organ support. Liver transplantation is also feasible in carefully selected patients and should be evaluated.
Transition theory and the emotional journey to medical educator identity: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Browne Julie , Collett Tracey 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMedical academia is in crisis, with fewer people entering and growing concern at numbers leaving. While faculty development is often seen as part of the solution, there are significant issues with faculty not engaging with and resisting development opportunities. Lack of motivation may be linked to what might be called a ‘weak’ educator identity. We studied medical educators' experiences of career development to gain further insights into: how professional identity may develop; individuals' accompanying emotional responses to perceived identity change; and consideration of the accompanying temporal dimensions. Drawing on new materialist sociology, we explore medical educator identity formation in terms of an affective flow that places the individual within a constantly shifting assemblage of psychological, emotional and social relations.MethodWe interviewed 20 medical educators at various career stages, with differing strengths of medical educator self‐identity. Using an adapted transition model as a basis for understanding the emotions experienced by those undergoing identity transitions, we explore the process that, for some medical educators, appears to lead to decreased motivation, ambiguous identity and disengagement, but for others results in renewed energy, a stronger and more stable professional identity and increased interest and engagement.ResultsBy more effectively illustrating the emotional impact of the transition process leading to a more stable educator identity, we show that some individuals, especially where the change was not sought or welcomed, express their uncertainty and distress through low mood, resistance and an attempt to minimise the significance of undertaking or increasing teaching duties.DiscussionUnderstanding the emotional and developmental phases of the transition to medical educator identity has several key implications for faculty development. Faculty development approaches should be alert to the individual educator's stage of transition since this will affect that individual's readiness to accept and respond to guidance, information and support. A renewed emphasis on early educational approaches that will support the transformational and reflective learning of the individual is needed, while traditional approaches emphasising skills and knowledge may be more useful in the later stages. Further testing of the transition model and its applicability to identity development in medical education is indicated.
Platform couriers' self‐exploitation: The case study of Glovo
Authors: Vieira Tiago 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article examines the phenomenon of self‐exploitation among platform couriers, using the company Glovo as a case study. The research, based on a qualitative approach with interviews from 22 different stakeholders, highlights the ways in which precarity, entrepreneurial subjectivity, and gamification intersect to create what are referred to as postdisciplinary control mechanisms. These mechanisms shift the locus of exploitation from the employer to the workers' inner selves, which are compelled to follow implicit guidelines due to their precarious situation. The use of algorithmic management by platform companies like Glovo plays a major role in this architecture marked by overwork, exposure to hazardous conditions, and economic dependence. The article urges policymakers to look beyond platform workers' employment status debate and address the design of algorithms and broader forms of labour precarity, so that policies that successfully improve workers' experience are designed.
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for left atrial appendage closure planning
Authors: Bhuta Sapan , Cao Carolyn , Pieper Justin A. , Tong Matthew S. , Varghese Juliet , Han Yuchi , Harfi Thura T. , Simonetti Orlando P. , Augostini Ralph S. , Kalbfleisch Steven J. , Savona Salvatore J. , Okabe Toshimasa , Afzal Muhammad R. , Hummel John D. , Daoud Emile G. , Houmsse Mahmoud 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are currently utilized for left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) planning. During the recent global iodine contrast media shortage in 2022, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) was utilized for the first time for LAAC planning. This study sought to assess the utility of CMR versus TEE for LAAC planning.MethodsThis single center retrospective study consisted of all patients who underwent preoperative CMR for LAAC with Watchman FLX or Amplatzer Amulet. Key measures were accuracy of LAA thrombus exclusion, ostial diameter, depth, lobe count, morphology, accuracy of predicted device size, and devices deployed per case. Bland‐Altman Analysis was used to compare CMR versus TEE measurements of LAA ostial diameter and depth.Results25 patients underwent preoperative CMR for LAAC planning. A total of 24 (96%) cases were successfully completed with 1.2 ± 0.5 devices deployed per case. Among the 18 patients who underwent intraoperative TEE, there was no significant difference between CMR versus TEE in LAA thrombus exclusion (CMR 83% vs. TEE 100% cases,p = .229), lobe count (CMR 1.7 ± 0.8 vs. TEE 1.4 ± 0.6,p = .177), morphology (p = .422), and accuracy of predicted device size (CMR 67% vs. TEE 72% cases,p = 1.000). When comparing the difference between CMR and TEE measurements, Bland‐Altman analysis demonstrated no significant difference in LAA ostial diameter (CMR‐TEE bias 0.7 mm, 95% CI [−1.1, 2.4],p = .420), but LAA depth was significantly larger with CMR versus TEE (CMR‐TEE bias 7.4 mm, 95% CI [1.6, 13.2],p = .015).ConclusionsCMR is a promising alternative for LAAC planning in cases where TEE or CCTA are contraindicated or unavailable.
Age moderates the link between relationship desire and life satisfaction among singles
Authors: Hill Roy Laetitia , Park Yoobin , MacDonald Geoff 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigher desire for a romantic partner has been shown to be associated with lower life satisfaction for singles, but research has not considered whether the strength of this association might vary across age groups. We collected data from single participants (N = 3057) across a broad age range (18 to 75 years of age,mean = 36.12,standard deviation[SD] = 12.34) to examine age as a moderator of the relationship between desire for a partner and singles' life satisfaction. Our results suggest that having greater desire for a partner is associated with lower life satisfaction for older (1SDabove the mean or 48.46 years) versus younger (1SDbelow the mean or 23.78 years) individuals. We also found some evidence that this age‐dependent association was stronger for women than men. Further, this interaction effect remained largely unchanged controlling for participants' attachment anxiety or avoidance. This study highlights the importance of considering how singlehood may play out differently for individuals at different life stages.
Disease diagnostic strategies and emerging analytical metabolomics techniques for waterborne microbial pathogens in vegetable crops—A critical review
Authors: Nnabuo‐Eguzozie Emmanuella C. , Kibechu Rose W. , Eguzozie Kennedy U. , Mamba Bhekie B. , Nyoni Hlengilizwe , Nkambule Thabo T. I. , Msagati Titus A. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA significant number of people around the world suffer from illnesses that are related to the consumption of unsafe vegetable crops. Early identification of waterborne microbial pathogens affecting vegetable crops can be an important step towards the control of disease. Microbial pathogens secrete extracellular metabolic volatiles or molecular biomarkers that affect the yield and quality of vegetable crops. These secreted compounds can be investigated using several applied analytical techniques, such as metabolomics, proteomics and other ‘omics’ tools. Currently, it is possible to use these approaches to characterize a broad range of specialized metabolites present in vegetable crops affected by waterborne and soilborne microbial pathogens. Such approaches may be used to determine molecular biomarkers, which can subsequently be exploited for the diagnosis of microbial pathogens that affect vegetable crops. Molecular biomarkers are involved in complex pathogenic biological processes involving mechanisms of pathogenesis and could be of great interest in the field of metabolomics. This review investigates disease diagnostic strategies and emerging analytical metabolomics techniques for waterborne microbial pathogens in vegetable crops. These will be vital in building comprehensive and more reliable data regarding the nature of secreted proteins and other specialized metabolites in vegetable crops and will lead to an increased understanding of the interactions between the host and pathogenic oomycetes, fungi, bacteria and viruses.
A Globally Stable Adaptive Controller for the Human Shank Dynamics
Authors: Ortega R. , Bobstov A. , Queiroz M. de , Yang R. , Nikolaev N. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a globally stable adaptive controller for the human shank motion tracking problem that appears in neuromuscular electrical stimulation systems. The control problem is complicated by the fact that the mathematical model of the human shank dynamics is nonlinear and the parameters enter in a nonlinear and nonseparable form. To solve the problem, we first derive a nonlinearly parameterized regressor equation (NLPRE) that is used with a new parameter estimator specifically tailored for this NLPRE. This estimator is then combined with a classical feedback linearizing controller to ensure the tracking objective is globally achieved. A further contribution of the paper is the proof that parameter convergence, and consequent global tracking, is guaranteed with an extremely weak interval excitation requirement. A simulation study comparing the proposed adaptive controller with existing ones in the literature shows comparable human shank tracking performance but with fewer parameter estimates and without requiring knowledge of bounds for the unknown parameters.
Effect of Confinement on Flow Around a Rotating Elliptic Cylinder in Laminar Flow Regime
Authors: Gupta Prateek , Panda Sibasish , Sahu Akhilesh Kumar , Kumar Deepak 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The flow phenomena around a rotating elliptic cylinder placed in a narrow channel is studied numerically. The walls of the channel act as a confinement that limits the flow in the transverse direction. The confinement ratio (β), nondimensional rotation rate (α), and the Reynolds number (Re) span across multiple values. A parametric study is done to identify the variations in drag-coefficient (CD), lift-coefficient (CL), and moment coefficient (CM) with changes in β, α, and Re. Near-field and far-field vorticity contours are discussed in detail. fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the time-periodic lift signals are presented to understand the shedding-frequency characteristics. Furthermore, CM values are analyzed for possible cases of autorotation. It is observed that confinement acts to delay the shedding of vortices. However, a complete suppression is not obtained even for the maximum value of β. This is likely because of the sharp flow separation at the edges of the cylinder, which tends to promote the formation of a vortex. Hovering vortices are observed for α&gt;1, and a special case is identified for which the hovering vortex never dissipates.
Characterizing Hydration Practices in Healthy Young Recreationally Active Adults—Is There Utility in First Morning Urine Sampling?
Authors: Muñoz Colleen X. , Bergeron Michael F. 
Published: May 2023

First morning urine (FMU) assessment would be a practical and convenient solution for clinically acceptable detection of underhydration prior to competition/training, and for the general public. Thus, we thus sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FMU as a valid indicator of recent (previous 24 hr, 5 days average) hydration practices. For 5 consecutive days and one final morning, 67 healthy women (n = 38) and men (n = 29; age: 20 [1] years, body mass index: 25.9 [5.5]) completed 24-hr diet logs for total water intake (from beverages and foods, absolute and relative to body mass), 24-hr urine and FMU collection (last morning only) for osmolality (Osm), specific gravity (SG), and color (Col), and morning blood sampling for plasma osmolality and copeptin. Correlations determined significance and relationship strength among FMU and all other variables. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratios were employed using previously reported values to indicate underhydration (total water intake < 30 ml/kg, osmolality > 500, and >800 mOsm/kg, specific gravity > 1.017, and copeptin > 6.93 pmol/L). FMU_Osm and FMU_SG were significantly correlated (p < .05) to all variables except the previous 5-day plasma osmolality. FMU_Col was only significantly correlated with other color time intervals and total water intake per gram. FMU_Osm held greatest utility (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity >80%) overall, with the best outcome being FMU_Osm indicating a previous 24-hr osmolality threshold of 500 mOsm/kg (FMU_Osm criterion >710 mOsm/kg and positive likelihood ratio = 5.9). With less effort and cost restriction, FMU is a viable metric to assess underhydration.
Genetic features and kidney morphological changes in women with X-linked Alport syndrome
Authors: Di Hongling , Wang Qing , Liang Dandan , Zhang Jiahui , Gao Erzhi , Zheng Chunxia , Yu Xiaomin , Liu Zhihong 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundX-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) caused byCOL4A5pathogenic variants usually has heterogeneous phenotypes in female patients. The genetic characteristics and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) morphological changes in women with XLAS need to been further investigated.MethodsA total of 83 women and 187 men with causativeCOL4A5variants were enrolled for comparative analysis.ResultsWomen were more frequently carrying de novoCOL4A5variants compared with men (47% vs 8%, p=0.001). The clinical manifestations in women were variable, and no genotype–phenotype correlation was observed. Coinherited podocyte-related genes, includingTRPC6,TBC1D8B,INF2andMYH9, were identified in two women and five men, and the modifying effects of coinherited genes contributed to the heterogeneous phenotypes in these patients. X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) analysis of 16 women showed that 25% were skewed XCI. One patient preferentially expressing the mutantCOL4A5gene developed moderate proteinuria, and two patients preferentially expressing the wild-typeCOL4A5gene presented with haematuria only. GBM ultrastructural evaluation demonstrated that the degree of GBM lesions was associated with the decline in kidney function for both genders, but more severe GBM changes were found in men compared with women.ConclusionsThe high frequency of de novo variants carried by women indicates that the lack of family history tends to make them susceptible to be underdiagnosed. Coinherited podocyte-related genes are potential contributors to the heterogeneous phenotype of some women. Furthermore, the association between the degree of GBM lesions and decline in kidney function is valuable in evaluating the prognosis for patients with XLAS.
Early autoimmunity and outcome in virus encephalitis: a retrospective study based on tissue-based assay
Authors: Liu Ding , Lin Pei-Hao , Li Hui-Lu , Yang Jie , You Yong , Yang Xiao , Jiang Li-Hong , Ma Cai-Yu , Xu Lu-Fen , Zhang Qing-Xia , Liao Sha , Chen Han , Yue Jia-Jia , Lu Yu-Ying , Lian Chun , Liu Yin , Wang Zhan-Hang , Ye Jin-Long , Qiu Wei , Shu Ya-Qing , Wang Hai-Yang , Liu Hong-Li , Wang Yue , Duan Chun-Mei , Yang Huan , Wu Xiu-Ling , Zhang Lu , Feng Hui-Yu , Chen Huan , Zhou Hou-Shi , Xu Qian-Hui , Zhao Gui-Xian , Ou Teng-Fei , Wang Jin-Liang , Lu Yu-Hua , Mao Zhi-Feng , Gao Cong , Guo Jun , Zhang Hong-Ya , Chen Sheng , Li Jing , Long You-Ming 
Published: May 2023

To explore the autoimmune response and outcome in the central nervous system (CNS) at the onset of viral infection and correlation between autoantibodies and viruses.

Methods
A retrospective observational study was conducted in 121 patients (2016–2021) with a CNS viral infection confirmed via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) next-generation sequencing (cohort A). Their clinical information was analysed and CSF samples were screened for autoantibodies against monkey cerebellum by tissue-based assay. In situ hybridisation was used to detect Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in brain tissue of 8 patients with glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP)-IgG and nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue of 2 patients with GFAP-IgG as control (cohort B).

Results

Among cohort A (male:female=79:42; median age: 42 (14–78) years old), 61 (50.4%) participants had detectable autoantibodies in CSF. Compared with other viruses, EBV increased the odds of having GFAP-IgG (OR 18.22, 95% CI 6.54 to 50.77, p<0.001). In cohort B, EBV was found in the brain tissue from two of eight (25.0%) patients with GFAP-IgG. Autoantibody-positive patients had a higher CSF protein level (median: 1126.00 (281.00–5352.00) vs 700.00 (76.70–2899.00), p<0.001), lower CSF chloride level (mean: 119.80±6.24 vs 122.84±5.26, p=0.005), lower ratios of CSF-glucose/serum-glucose (median: 0.50[0.13-0.94] vs 0.60[0.26-1.23],
p
=0.003), more meningitis (26/61 (42.6%) vs 12/60 (20.0%), p=0.007) and higher follow-up modified Rankin Scale scores (1 (0–6) vs 0 (0–3), p=0.037) compared with antibody-negative patients. A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that autoantibody-positive patients experienced significantly worse outcomes (p=0.031).

Conclusions
Autoimmune responses are found at the onset of viral encephalitis. EBV in the CNS increases the risk for autoimmunity to GFAP.