bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescent relational behaviour and the obesity pandemic: A descriptive study applying social network analysis and machine learning techniques
Authors: Marqués-Sánchez Pilar , Martínez-Fernández María Cristina , Benítez-Andrades José Alberto , Quiroga-Sánchez Enedina , García-Ordás María Teresa , Arias-Ramos Natalia 
Published: August 2023

Aim
To study the existence of subgroups by exploring the similarities between the attributes of the nodes of the groups, in relation to diet and gender and, to analyse the connectivity between groups based on aspects of similarities between them through SNA and artificial intelligence techniques.

Methods
235 students from 5 different educational centres participate in this study between March and December 2015. Data analysis carried out is divided into two blocks: social network analysis and unsupervised machine learning techniques. As for the social network analysis, the Girvan-Newman technique was applied to find the best number of cohesive groups within each of the friendship networks of the different classes analysed.

Results
After applying Girvan-Newman in the three classes, the best division into clusters was respectively 2 for classroom A, 7 for classroom B and 6 for classroom C. There are significant differences between the groups and the gender and diet variables. After applying K-means using population diet as an input variable, a K-means clustering of 2 clusters for class A, 3 clusters for class B and 3 clusters for class C is obtained.

Conclusion
Adolescents form subgroups within their classrooms. Subgroup cohesion is defined by the fact that nodes share similarities in aspects that influence obesity, they share attributes related to food quality and gender. The concept of homophily, related to SNA, justifies our results. Artificial intelligence techniques together with the application of the Girvan-Newman provide robustness to the structural analysis of similarities and cohesion between subgroups.
Dermoscopy of oral and genital mucosal lesions: A descriptive cross-sectional study protocol
Authors: Dodeja Ajay , Pande Sushil , Madke Bhushan 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Dermoscopy is a safe, rapid, and non-invasive tool that aids in the clinical examination of pigmented and non-pigmented lesions. The upward trend in the use of dermoscopy can be attributed to the availability of compact hand-held and sophisticated dermoscopes, that are small enough to be carried around in a pocket. The extent of dermoscopy is not only limited to the evaluation of cutaneous lesions but also involves its use in the assessment of mucosal lesions along with lesions of hair and nails.

Methods
In a descriptive cross-sectional study, subjects (n = 100) with oral or genital mucosal lesions will be enrolled. Following a thorough clinical examination, a dermoscopy of the lesion will be performed with Dermlite DL4© Dermoscope, having a magnification of 10x. Images obtained would be stored and evaluated for observing specific morphologic patterns on dermoscopy which would be utilized to describe those patterns and arrive at a specific diagnosis. Descriptive statistics will include mean and standard deviation to summarise quantitative variation. Dermoscopic features of oral and genital mucosal lesions will be estimated in percentage.

Purpose of study
Mucosal lesions several times mimic each other morphologically. Performing a biopsy is not always feasible for oral and genital lesions because they may be difficult to reach and tend to bleed more profusely compared to the skin surface due to its rich vascular nature. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive tool that helps in the diagnosis that is used mostly for the evaluation of non-mucosal lesions. For the same reason, there is no or minimal information in the published literature with regard to dermoscopic patterns of mucosal lesions. The current study intends to describe dermoscopic patterns in oral and genital mucosal diseases so that this important information would assist the diagnosis in a non-invasive manner thereby reducing the need for invasive investigations like mucosal biopsy.

Expected clinical outcomes
To summarize, this research is intended to add to the scarce literature on dermoscopic findings of oral and genital mucosal lesions. The study findings would establish the diagnosis and eliminate the need for unwarranted invasive biopsies of mucosal lesions and, if need be, help in the selection of the biopsy site.
Connective differences between patients with depression with and without ASD: A case-control study
Authors: Kaneko Tomoki , Nakamura Toshinori , Ryokawa Akiko , Washizuka Shinsuke , Kitoh Yoshihiro , Fujinaga Yasunari 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundResearchers find it difficult to distinguish between depression with ASD (Depress-wASD) and without ASD (Depression) in adult patients. We aimed to clarify the differences in brain connectivity between patients with depression with ASD and without ASD.MethodsFrom April 2017 to February 2019, 22 patients with suspected depression were admitted to the hospital for diagnosis or follow-up and met the inclusion criteria. The diagnosis was determined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 by skilled psychiatrists. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Young Mania Raging Scale (YMRS), Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Parent-interview ASD Rating Scale-Text Revision (PARS-TR), and Autism-Spectrum Quotient-Japanese version (AQ-J) were used to assess the patients’ background and help with diagnosis. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed using the 3-T-MRI system. rs-fMRI was processed using the CONN functional connectivity toolbox. Voxel-based morphometry was performed using structural images.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between the Depress-wASD and Depression groups using the HAM-D, YMRS, AQ-J, Intelligence Quotient (IQ), and verbal IQ results. rs-fMRI for the Depress-wASD group indicated a positive connection between the salience network (SN) and right supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and a negative connection between the SN and hippocampus and para-hippocampus than that for the Depression group. No significant structural differences were observed between the groups.ConclusionsWe identified differences in the SN involving the SMG and hippocampal regions between the Depress-wASD and Depression groups.
Two complementary approaches to estimate an excess of mortality: The case of Switzerland 2022
Authors: Locatelli Isabella , Rousson Valentin 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, excess mortality has generally been estimated comparing overall mortality in a given year with either past mortality levels or past mortality trends, with different results. Our objective was to illustrate and compare the two approaches using mortality data for Switzerland in 2022, the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsUsing data from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office, standardized mortality rates and life expectancies in 2022 were compared with those of the last pre-pandemic year 2019 (first approach), as well as with those that would be expected if the pre-pandemic downward trend in mortality had continued during the pandemic (second approach). The pre-pandemic trend was estimated via a Poisson log-linear model on age-specific mortality over the period 2010–19.ResultsUsing the first approach, we estimated in Switzerland in 2022 an excess mortality of 2.6% (95%CI: 1.0%-4.1%) for men and 2.5% (95%CI: 1.0%-4.0%) for women, while the excess mortality rose to 8.4% (95%CI: 6.9%-9.9%) for men and 6.0% (95%CI: 4.6%-7.5%) for women using the second approach. Age classes over 80 were the main responsible for the excess mortality in 2022 for both sexes using the first approach, although a significant excess mortality was also found in most age classes above 30 using the second approach. Life expectancy in 2022 has been reduced by 2.7 months for men and 2.4 months for women according to the first approach, whereas it was reduced by respectively 8.8 and 6.0 months according to the second approach.ConclusionsThe excess mortality and loss of life expectancy in Switzerland in 2022 are around three times greater if the pre-pandemic trend is taken into account than if we simply compare 2022 with 2019. These two different approaches, one being more speculative and the other more factual, can also be applied simultaneously and provide complementary results. In Switzerland, such a dual-approach strategy has shown that the pre-pandemic downward trend in mortality is currently halted, while pre-pandemic mortality levels have largely been recovered by 2022.
The Waste Land: Biography of a Poem, Matthew Hollis (2022)
Authors: Gowar Mick 
Published: August 2023

Review of: The Waste Land: Biography of a Poem, Matthew Hollis (2022)
London: Faber & Faber, 544 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-57129-721-4, h/bk, £25.00

Spectator Book Club (2022), ‘Matthew Hollis: The Waste Land’, The Spectator, London, 7 December, Amazon Music, Apple Podcasts, Spotify

What the Thunder Said: How the Waste Land Made Poetry Modern, Jed Rasula (2022)
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 344 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-69122-577-7, h/bk, £35.00

Princeton University Press Ideas (2022), ‘Jed Rasula What the Thunder Said: How the Waste Land Made Poetry Modern’, The New Books Network, December, Amazon Music, Apple Podcasts, Spotify
Risk factors for ischemic stroke in men and women aged 45–74 years
Authors: Maksimova M. Yu. , Sazonova V. Yu. 
Published: August 2023

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and primary disability and contributes significantly to the global burden of disease. Identification of individuals at high risk of ischemic stroke (IS) is an important component of disease prevention. The differences between risk factors (RF) for stroke in men and women are not well understood.Objective: to determine the predictive value of RF for the development of IS in men and women aged 45–74 years.Material and methods. The study included 728 patients (380 men and 348 women) aged 45–74 years, including 392 patients (247 men and 145 women) with IS in the carotid artery basin (main group) and 336 patients (133 men and 203 women) with vascular cognitive impairment (comparison group). To build predictive models to assess the impact of RF on the development of IS in men and women, we used the logistic regression method with stepwise exclusion of variables according to the Wald algorithm.Results. The predictive regression model of IS in men includes atherosclerotic stenosis of the internal carotid arteries [odds ratio (OR) 3.571; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.792–7.114], in a predictive regression model in women – diabetes mellitus type 2 (OR 5.074; 95% CI 1.768–14.561) and a history of IS (OR 6.857; 95% CI 1.825–25.762). Other risk factors for the development of IS (atrial fibrillation, history of transient ischemic attack, arterial hypertension stage) affected both men and women.Conclusion. Atherosclerotic stenosis of the internal carotid arteries was found to be a sex-specific prognostic factor for IS in men, and type 2 diabetes mellitus and a history of IS in women.
Clinical experience with the use of citicoline in mild cognitive impairment of vascular origin
Authors: Shchepankevich L. A. , Gribacheva I. A. , Popova T. F. , Taneeva E. V. , Roerich K. V. , Petrova E. V. , Shchepankevich M. S. 
Published: August 2023

Cardiovascular factors significantly increase the risk of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Currently, there are no specific treatments for VCI. A promising therapeutic strategy is the administration of citicoline, which has a neuroprotective effect.Objective: to evaluate the effect of treatment with citicoline (Noocil®) on cognitive function and quality of life (QoL)in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) developed in a background of arterial hypertension and cerebral arteriosclerosis.Material and methods. An open-label prospective observational study enrolled 32 patients with neuroimaging-confirmed vascular cognitive impairment who received baseline therapy (antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and antiplatelet therapy) and achieved target blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. All patients were assessed with a neuropsychological status assessment (MoCA-test). The efficacy of therapy was assessed by the Short Form-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36).Results. The most common complaints of the patients were poor concentration, fatigue, forgetfulness, mood lability, sleep disturbances, more often in the form of early waking, and headaches. After 3 months of taking the drug Noocil®, all patients noted an increase in the ability to work, an improvement in concentration, memory and reproduction of the information received, both physical and mental indicators of QoL improved. The positive dynamics in terms of cognitive status (especially the functions of attention, short-term memory, several aspects of executive functions), QoL of patients, which was associated with the effect of Noocil® therapy, was accompanied by the absence of adverse events. A distinctive feature of domestic citicoline (Noocil®) is the presence of an original dosage form – a 240 ml bottle for oral administration, which improves adherence to long-term therapy.Conclusion. The efficacy, safety and good tolerability of Noocil® therapy in patients with predemental VCI was demonstrated.
Experience with agomelatine therapy for non-psychotic depression with a single and recurrent course
Authors: Ivanova L. A. , Kovaleva A. V. , Sitnikova N. O. 
Published: August 2023

Therapy of depression is a current problem in psychiatry. Agomelatine is not inferior to other modern drugs in terms of antidepressant efficacy (response and remission rates) and is characterized by the best tolerability.Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of agomelatine in the treatment of nonpsychotic depression with a single and recurrent course.Material and methods. Patients (n=37) with a current depressive episode (DE; F32 according to ICD-10), mean age 41.2±2.07 years, were studied. Clinical psychopathological and psychometric methods were used in the study (Hamilton Hospital Depression Scale – HAMD-17; Spielberger–Khanin Anxiety Self-Assessment Scale, Sheehan Anxiety Scale, Clinical Global Impression Scale – CGI-I). A single DE was diagnosed in 62.2% of patients, and recurrent depressive disorder in 37.8%. Stress-related onset of current DE was found in 56.8% of cases, autochthonous in 43.2%.Results. 94.6% of patients were responders, including 68.6% who went into remission. A statistically significant decrease in scores on the HAMD-17 scale was noted in the remission group from the 7th day of agomelatine therapy (p<0.05), in the responder group – from the 14th day of therapy (p<0.05). According to the Sheehan scale, a statistically significant decrease in scores was noted at the end of the first week of therapy (p<0.05), according to the Spielberger–Khanin scale – in the second week (p<0.05) in all patients. According to the CGI-I scale, the condition at the end of therapy improved in 57.1% of patients, significantly in 42.9%. Clinical predictors of therapeutic response in patients with remission included significantly higher frequency of a single DE (p<0.02), moderate severity of current depression (p<0.02), dizziness among autonomic disorders (p<0.01), a significantly lower representation of the melancholic type of depression (p<0.05), a symptom of a gloomy and pessimistic vision of the future (p<0.05), sleep disturbances (p<0.04), a factor of personal significance in the form of a threat in patients with stress-provoked onset of the current DE (p<0.05).Adverse events occurred in the first week of treatment with agomelatine in 14.3% of cases (nausea – 8.6%, headache and dizziness – 2.9% each), they were mild and did not require discontinuation of the drug. Two patients taking agomelatine at a dose of 50 mg discontinued the study: in one case persisted social phobia, increased fatigue, motor retardation, and persistent modern insomnia; in the other case – a pronounced senestoalgic syndrome with cerebral localization.Conclusion. Agomelatine therapy has been shown to be highly effective and well tolerated in nonpsychotic depression.
Psychosomatic correlations in mentally ill and mentally healthy women with infertility
Authors: Nikolaevskaya A. O. , Tyuvina N. A. , Morozova V. D. , Kesler E. P. 
Published: August 2023

The issue of the influence of women's mental state on their reproductive function has not been adequately addressed and requires further research.Objective: a comparative evaluation of individual indicators of menstrual and reproductive function in mentally healthy and mentally ill women with infertility.Material and methods. We studied 348 women aged 21 to 40 years with primary and secondary infertility, 120 of whom had been treated for a mental disorder in a psychiatric hospital prior to the present study. The patients' condition was assessed by a clinical method using a specially designed questionnaire card.Results. Reproductive function of patients in the studied groups differed significantly in several indicators. Mentally ill women with primary infertility are characterized by the following features: later onset of menstruation, scanty or heavy menstrual flow (p<0.05), irregularity or absence of menstruation during the period of exacerbation of the disease, insufficient emotional response to menarche (p<0.05), irregularity of sexual life and dissatisfaction with it (p<0.01). Spontaneous miscarriages and stillbirth occurred more frequently in mentally ill women, especially in women with endogenous disorders (schizophrenia, affective disorders), while abortions and gynecological surgeries were more frequent in mentally healthy women (p<0.001). Predictors of infertility on the part of mental health are the early onset and chronic course of a mental disorder, the severity and duration of an exacerbation of the illness, brief and incomplete remissions, the development of personality changes or a defect (schizophrenic) as a result of a mental illness.Conclusion. Menstrual and reproductive functions of women depend on their mental state. In women with mental disorders, menstrual dysfunction together with psychopathological symptoms of illness (decrease in libido, communication, emotional numbness), decrease in social and family adaptation leads to impairment of reproductive function.
Determination of corrosion product film on pure Mg in Cl− environment using XPS etching
Authors: Sun Lingxiong , Ma Deqing , Liu Ye , Qin Qingwei , Liang Liang , Ma Hongbin , Wei Fuan , Zhang Chao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) combined with Ar ion etching was used to analyse the surface film of pure Mg at different depth after immersion in 3.5 % NaCl solution for 10 min. The XPS spectra of specimen surface showed that the corrosion products are mainly made up of Mg(OH)2 and Mg2Cl(OH)3·xH2O. The formation process of Mg2Cl(OH)3 is the reaction of Mg(OH)2 and Cl− and H+ in weak acidic solutions. The XPS results indicated that the intensities of Mg2Cl(OH)3·xH2O decreased with the increase of etching time from 0 s to 4680 s. It is confirmed that the edge of Mg(OH)2 protrudes outward and then splits into Mg2Cl(OH)3 when Cl− attacks the Mg(OH)2 films, so the Mg2Cl(OH)3 attached to Mg(OH)2. Meanwhile, coupling the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with the XPS to analyze the corrosion mechanism. Furthermore, the results displayed that the XPS combined with Ar ion etching is a good characterization method to understand the reaction of corrosion products.
Sorting of navel orange soluble solids content based on online near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Shang Mengmeng , Xue Long , Jiang Wanglin , Cheng Biao , Li Zhuopeng , Liu Muhua , Li Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA rapid, nondestructive, and online detection of the internal quality of navel orange cannot only reduce the labor intensity, but also improve the economic benefits of the navel orange. In this paper, an online detection and sorting equipment is designed for navel orange. The transmission spectrum data of 1697 navel oranges are divided into the calibration, prediction, and validation sets, with a ratio of 14:3:3. Pre-processing methods such as first derivative (FD), second derivative (SD), standard normal variate transform (SNV), and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) were chosen to process the spectra. Accordingly, the soluble solids content prediction model for navel oranges is established using standard normal variable transformation (SNV) and partial least squares (PLS). The determination coefficients (R2) of the calibration set, prediction set, and validation set are 0.8476, 0.8326, and 0.8025, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding root mean square errors are 0.5097°Brix, 0.5590°Brix, and 0.6048°Brix, respectively. The residual predictive deviation (RPD) value is 2.4510 (i.e., greater than 2.0), indicating that the model performs accurate predictive simulations, and has high reliability. In addition, two classification methods based on the national standard method and the normal probability graph of the soluble solids content of navel oranges were used to classify navel oranges into three classes for online validation. 185 navel oranges were selected for online validation, in which the classification method based on the normal probability graph of the soluble solids content of navel oranges was more effective and its average sorting accuracy was 81.13 %. Likewise, the mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.4613°Brix. The experimental results show that the online sorting equipment possesses high sorting accuracy and can be practically used for actual postharvest processing.
Implementation of 16 QAM signal transmission over RO-VLC system using high power LEDs
Authors: Paliwal Rajat , Patel Piyush , Atieh Ahmad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
White LEDs attract researchers for indoor visible light communication systems due to their good modulation characteristics, high efficiency, long lifetime, low cost, high tolerance to humidity, low power consumption, and minimal heat generation. Major challenges need to be resolved for LEDs including signal attenuation, ISI, and limited bandwidth for the proliferation of VLC systems. In this work, the challenges of signal attenuation and efficient utilization of limited bandwidth are addressed, keeping in mind the cost factor. A commercial high-power white phosphorous-coated LED with an optical preamplifier is used for a spectrally efficient 16 QAM Radio-Over-VLC link. The effect of varying the preamplifier gain on the system performance is investigated. Lower gain values limit the communication distance of the VLC system. A maximum transmission distance of 7 m considering a super-forward-error-correction (SFEC) limit of 1.863 × 10−2 could be achieved for a data rate of 0.5 Gbps. The transmission distance needs to be reduced to 6 m for a higher data rate of 0.6 Gbps with a resultant bit-error-ratio (BER) of 1.44 × 10−2 which is well within the SFEC limit. The achieved error vector magnitude (EVM), symbol error rate (SER), and Log bit-error-ratio (BER) metrics are used to characterize the VLC system performance.