bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Westward-Propagating ISO over Mid-High-Latitude Eurasia on SSW during Boreal Winter
Authors: Fan Linjie , Yang Shuangyan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, the impact of intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) over mid-high-latitude Eurasia on stratosphere sudden warming (SSW) events during boreal winter is examined based on the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data. It is found that the dominant ISO periodicity is 10–30 days. By extended empirical orthogonal function, two leading ISO modes with opposite directions of westward and eastward propagation are extracted. Since the eastward-propagating mode was involved by previous studies, this study is focused on the westward-propagating one. As revealed, the westward-propagating ISO propagates from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago to western Europe, which is dominated by waves 1–2. The analysis of lead–lag correlation and phase division indicates that SSW events prefer to occur at the time of lagging the westward-propagating ISO phase 2 by 7–9 days. The diagnosis of the dynamic process of ISO impacting SSW suggests that during the westward journey of the ISO, the corresponding pattern leads to sea ice loss over the Barents–Kara Sea, which emanates upward-propagating planetary waves. At the same time, the ISO circulation expands the easterly anomalies, which weakens westerly flow that favors the planetary waves of wave 1 and wave 2 propagating upward into the stratosphere to affect the onset of SSW. By applying the subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) reforecast data from the ECMWF model, the probability density functions of zonal wind anomaly verify the impact of westward-propagating ISO on SSW.

significance statement
The intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) is a vital prediction source for the forecast of extreme weather and climate in both the troposphere and the stratosphere, but the relationship between the mid-high-latitude one and stratospheric extreme weather events lacks research. The purpose of this study is to understand how the ISO over mid-high-latitude Eurasia affects the stratosphere sudden warming (SSW). Our results find that the westward-propagating ISO can impact the onset of SSW events by leading to sea ice loss over the Barents–Kara Sea and the expansion of easterly anomalies. This provides a new clue for the extended-range forecast of SSW.
Decadal Enhancement in the Effect of El Niño in the Decaying Stage on the Pre–Flood Season Precipitation over Southern China
Authors: Gao Chujie , Li Gen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The abundant precipitation over Southern China during the pre–flood season (PFS) [i.e., April–June (AMJ)] has important socioeconomic impacts on this densely populated region. Using observational and reanalyzed datasets, this study explores how El Niño affected the subsequent PFS precipitation over Southern China during 1961–2020. The results show that the El Niño–related anomalies in sea surface temperature forced a northwestern Pacific anomalous anticyclone (NPAAC) in the decaying AMJ. This NPAAC featured southwesterly wind anomalies in its northwestern flank, which could transport moisture from the South China Sea, and accompanying the NPAAC there was abnormal descending motion over the tropical western Pacific, resulting in weakened regional Hadley circulation with abnormal ascending motion over subtropical East Asia. Before the 1990s, this abnormal ascending motion was located mainly to the east of Southern China with insignificant impacts on the PFS precipitation there. In contrast, after the early 1990s, El Niño–related warm sea surface temperature anomalies were stronger and longer-lasting with westward extension. This enhanced the NPAAC with a decadal westward extension, and consequently, the anomalous regional Hadley circulation was more evident over Southern China after the early 1990s during the El Niño decaying AMJ, causing strong abnormal upward motion and excessive precipitation there. The present results emphasize an enhancing influence of El Niño on the subsequent PFS precipitation over Southern China since the early 1990s, offering better understanding of the interannual precipitation variability over Southern China and with important implications for regional seasonal climate prediction.

Significance Statement
The precipitation over Southern China during the pre–flood season (PFS) contributes between 40% and 50% of the local annual precipitation, with severe floods occurring frequently and tremendous socioeconomic impacts on the region, including on its agriculture, water resources, food security, ecosystems, disaster mitigation, infrastructure construction, and human health. This study reveals a decadal enhancement in the effect of El Niño on the subsequent PFS precipitation over Southern China since the early 1990s. This is ascribed to a decadal enhancement of El Niño–related warm sea surface temperature anomalies over the equatorial central Pacific, as a result of El Niño warming occurring more frequently over the central Pacific against the backdrop of global warming. To the extent that the central Pacific El Niño events would occur even more frequently for the projected future warming scenarios, a stronger effect of El Niño on the PFS precipitation over Southern China would be expected, implying potentially enhanced seasonal predictability of the regional climate in the future.
Did the prevalence of depressive symptoms change during the COVID-19 pandemic? A multilevel analysis on longitudinal data from healthcare workers
Authors: Hoffmann Stephanie , Schulze Susanne , Löffler Antje , Becker Juliane , Hufert Frank , Gremmels Heinz-Detlef , Holmberg Christine , Rapp Michael A , Entringer Sonja , Spallek Jacob 
Published: September 2023

Background: Healthcare workers (HCW) are at high risk to develop mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic because of additional work load, perceived stress, and exposure to patients with COVID-19. Currently, there are few studies on change over time in the prevalence of depressive symptoms during pandemic start among HCW. Thus, the aims of the current study were to examine whether depressive symptoms increased during the pandemic and were associated with perceived stress and own COVID-19 infection and workplace exposure to virus-infected patients. Methods: The cohort study used longitudinal data from HCW collected monthly (July 2020 till December 2020) during the first year of the pandemic before vaccination became available. The sample of n = 166 was drawn from a German hospital and included medical (e.g. nurses, therapists, and physicians) and administrative staff. Using multilevel models, we analyzed the change in depressive symptoms [assessed with General Depression Scale (GDS), a validated German version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)] and its association with perceived stress across the study period. Laboratory-confirmed own infection was tested as a potential moderator in this context. Subscales of the GDS were used to examine change over time of depressive symptom modalities (e.g. emotional, somatic, and social interactions (β, 95% confidence interval). Results: Depression scores increased significantly during the study period (β = .03, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05]). Perceived stress was associated with depressive symptoms (β = .12, 95% CI [0.10, 0.14]) but did not change over time. Exposure to COVID-19 infection was associated with a higher increase of depressive symptoms (β = .12, 95% CI [0.10, .14]). Somatic symptoms of depression increased among medical HCW with workplace exposure to COVID-19 (β = .25, 95% CI [0.13, 0.38]), but not in administrators (β = .03, 95% CI [−0.04, 0.11]). Conclusion: Research is needed to identify factors that promote the reduction of depressive symptoms in medical HCW with exposition to COVID-19 patients. Awareness of infection protection measures should be increased.
Electro-mechanical behavior of multi-functional glass fiber composites under dynamic Mode-I fracture loading
Authors: Sousa Richard , Chalivendra Vijaya 
Published: September 2023

An experimental study was performed to investigate damage sensing and fracture toughness of multifunctional conductive glass fiber composites under dynamic mode-I fracture loading. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were dispersed within the epoxy matrix using a shear mixing and sonicating process. An electrostatic wet flocking process was used to reinforce milled short PAN-based carbon fibers onto each of the layers of glass fiber fabric along the thickness direction in the composites. These layers of flocked fabric were stacked, and a vacuum infusion process was employed to fabricate the composites. The parametric study consisted of two carbon fiber lengths (80 μm and 150 μm) and two fiber densities (1000 fibers/mm2 and 2000 fibers/mm2) and was performed to investigate the damage sensing capabilities of a three-dimensional conductive network generated through CNTs and carbon fibers. A double cantilever beam (DCB) configuration was considered, and a modified Hopkinson pressure bar setup along with a high-speed camera was used to investigate dynamic fracture toughness of the composites. The piezo-resistance response of the composites during dynamic fracture was measured using a modified system of four probes. For comparison, composites were also characterized for fracture toughness and piezo-resistance under quasi-static fracture loading conditions. The addition of short, milled PAN-based carbon fibers significantly increased the fracture toughness of glass/epoxy composites. The piezo-resistance response of the composites was easily correlated with instances of sudden crack growth during static fracture loading.
Sex, Gender, and Sexual Orientation in Psychological Research: Exploring Data Trends & Researcher Opinions
Authors: Lefler Elizabeth K. , Tabler Jennifer , Abu-Ramadan Tamara M. , Stevens Anne E. , Serrano Judah W. , Shelton Christopher R. , Hartung Cynthia M. 
Published: September 2023

Psychology researchers have historically neglected variables related to sex, gender, and sexual orientation, leading to the erasure of sex, gender, and sexual orientation in research, which limits the generalizability of psychological findings. We argue that these important variables need to be considered more consistently by researchers across psychology subdisciplines. In Study 1 we found that 15.1% of a large MTurk sample (i.e., 8500+) identified as a sexual or gender minority (SGM; e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer [LGBTQ+]). In addition, data from Study 1 showed that our youngest cohort (i.e., aged 18–25 years) reported significantly higher rates of LGBTQ+ identification (22.7%) than our oldest cohort (i.e., 65–84 years; 1.3%), suggesting that endorsement of these idnetities is increasing. Next, in Study 2 we found that psychology researchers ( N = 135) tended to rate expansive sex, gender, and sexual orientation demographic variables as important in general, but were much less likely to report actually using these variables in their own studies. Moreover, younger faculty and faculty who identified as women rated these variables as more important than their colleagues. Based on our findings, we conclude that psychology researchers should use expansive sex, gender, and sexual orientation items in their studies, report these demographic variables consistently, and analyze their data by these important variables when possible. Because a substantial and growing proportion of individuals identify as LGBTQ+, and because SGM identity is related to additional life stressors, it is imperative to better understand these individuals. Various resources are offered and challenges are discussed.
Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Donor Site Morbidity Questionnaire Into Turkish
Authors: Arin-Bal Gamze , Kinikli Gizem Irem , Bozgeyik Sibel , Tan Firat , Turhan Egemen , Guney-Deniz Hande 
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to translate the ACL Donor Site Morbidity (ACL-DSM) questionnaire into Turkish and assess the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the ACL-DSM questionnaire (ACL-DSM-Tr) among individuals following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The process involved forward and back-translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the ACL-DSM-Tr questionnaire on ninety-nine patients (mean age 30.73 ± 8.55 years). Participants completed ACL-DSM-Tr, International Knee Documentary Committee (IKDC) subjective form, ACL Return to Sport (ACL-RSI), and Forgotten Joint Scale (FJS) questionnaires. The internal consistency, reliability, and validity of the ACL-DSM-Tr were analyzed. The ACL-DSM-Tr demonstrated a high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha .755) and excellent test-retest reliability (Spearman correlation r = .811, p < .001; Cronbach’s alpha .890). The ACL-DSM-Tr score exhibited a strong positive correlation with the IKDC score (r = .690, p < .001) and a moderate positive correlation with the FJS score (r = .535, p < .001). Despite a fair correlation between ACL-DSM-Tr and ACL- RSI subgroup scores, no significant correlation was observed with the ACL-RSI total score ( p = .297). In conclusion, the ACL-DSM-Tr demonstrated internal consistency, reliability, and validity in patients with ACL reconstruction. This questionnaire has the potential to yield significant benefits in monitoring patient satisfaction and evaluating the level of comfort experienced at the donor site following ACL reconstruction.
Impact of COVID-19 on food behavior and diet in Qatar: A cross-sectional survey on the Omicron variant
Authors: Ben Hassen Tarek , Baya Chatti Chedli , El Bilali Hamid 
Published: September 2023

Purpose The emergence of the Omicron variant in November 2021 appears to have impacted food-related activities and behaviors and caused disruptions in food supply systems. Accordingly, this article aims to explore the effects of the Omicron variant on consumers’ food-related behaviors in Qatar. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on an online survey performed in Qatar in December 2021 and January 2022. The survey consisted of 23 questions arranged into three sections, including both multiple-choice and one-option items. There were 459 valid responses in total. Findings The Omicron variant has altered diets and food shopping in Qatar. Indeed, the findings indicated (i) consumers in Qatar are shopping less often and purchasing more each trip; (ii) an increase in food online shopping; (iii) an increase in the use of online applications to buy ready-made food; and (iv) an increase in the consumption of healthy foods, especially immunity-boosting ones. Furthermore, consumers’ awareness and general understanding regarding the virus, its transmission, food safety risks, etc., have evolved. On the one hand, consumers take precautionary measures to protect themselves. On the other hand, they are learning to live with the virus. Originality This research, along with subsequent ones, will provide the foundation for institutional and governmental readiness in the face of potential shocks, crises, and pandemics. The repercussions of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine on food systems throughout the globe (cf. food prices increase) imply that it's a crucial and pressing issue that needs immediate attention.
The Validity and Applicability of the Revised Delirium Rating Scale (DRS-R98) for Delirium Severity Assessment in a Critical Care Setting
Authors: Almuhairi Eiman Saeed , Badejo Monica , Peer Aneesa , Pitkanen Mervi , McKenzie Cathrine A 
Published: September 2023

Background Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome common in critical illness. Worsening delirium severity is associated with poorer clinical outcomes, yet its assessment remains under-reported with most severity assessment tools not validated for critical care. The DRS-R98 is a widely applied and validated tool. The aim of this project is to report the validation and utility of the DRS-R98 in critical illness. Methods This prospective, cohort study was conducted in adults with delirium admitted to a critical care unit and predicted to stay for ≥ 24 h. We excluded patients with severe neurological or communication barriers that would have interfered with the DRS-R98 assessment. Patients were screened using a delirium detection algorithm and the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit. Eligible patient informations were collected and reported to qualified assessor/s before visiting clinical areas, confirming delirium presence and undertaking DRS- R98 assessments. To assess the tool's construct validity, an intensivist completed the Clinical Global Impression-Scale (CGI-S). To calculate the inter-rater reliability (IRR) a subset of patients were simultaneously evaluated by two assessors. Results We assessed 22 patients, 73% were male, with a median age of 65 years (IQR14). The DRS -R98 mean (SD) severity score was 24 (+/-7.7), total scale was 29 (+/18.0), and CGI-S 3.5 (+/11.5). Assessment duration was 90 min (+/-55) and 15 min (+/-5) for record data extraction and clinical assessment respectively. The CGI-S significantly correlated with DRS-R98 severity (r = 0.626) and total (r = 0.628) scales. The DRS-R98 Cronbach's alpha was 0.896 for severity scale and 0.886 for total scale. The inter-rater reliability (IRR) was assessed in six patients and reported an inter-correlation coefficient of 0.505 (p = 0.124) and 0.565 (p = 0.93) for the severity and total scale respectively. Conclusions In critical care, the Delirium Rating Scale R98 had good construct validity, excellent internal consistency, and moderate inter-rater reliability.
Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation Patterns in Sepsis-Associated Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Single Center Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Sallee Colin J. , Hippensteel Joseph A. , Miller Kristen R. , Oshima Kaori , Pham Andrew T. , Richter Robert P. , Belperio John , Sierra Yamila L. , Schwingshackl Andreas , Mourani Peter M. , Schmidt Eric P. , Sapru Anil , Maddux Aline B. 
Published: September 2023

Background Sepsis-associated destruction of the pulmonary microvascular endothelial glycocalyx (EGCX) creates a vulnerable endothelial surface, contributing to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Constituents of the EGCX shed into circulation, glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans, may serve as biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. We sought to define the patterns of plasma EGCX degradation products in children with sepsis-associated pediatric ARDS (PARDS), and test their association with clinical outcomes. Methods We retrospectively analyzed a prospective cohort (2018-2020) of children (≥1 month to <18 years of age) receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure for ≥72 h. Children with and without sepsis-associated PARDS were selected from the parent cohort and compared. Blood was collected at time of enrollment. Plasma glycosaminoglycan disaccharide class (heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronan) and sulfation subtypes (heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate) were quantified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma proteoglycans (syndecan-1) were measured through an immunoassay. Results Among the 39 mechanically ventilated children (29 with and 10 without sepsis-associated PARDS), sepsis-associated PARDS patients demonstrated higher levels of heparan sulfate (median 639 ng/mL [interquartile range, IQR 421-902] vs 311 [IQR 228-461]) and syndecan-1 (median 146 ng/mL [IQR 32-315] vs 8 [IQR 8-50]), both p = 0.01. Heparan sulfate subtype analysis demonstrated greater proportions of N-sulfated disaccharide levels among children with sepsis-associated PARDS ( p = 0.01). Increasing N-sulfated disaccharide levels by quartile were associated with severe PARDS (n = 9/29) with the highest quartile including >60% of the severe PARDS patients (test for trend, p = 0.04). Higher total heparan sulfate and N-sulfated disaccharide levels were independently associated with fewer 28-day ventilator-free days in children with sepsis-associated PARDS (all p < 0.05). Conclusions Children with sepsis-associated PARDS exhibited higher plasma levels of heparan sulfate disaccharides and syndecan-1, suggesting that EGCX degradation biomarkers may provide insights into endothelial dysfunction and PARDS pathobiology.
Patient Safety and Suitability for Primary Cleft Lip Repair as Day Case Surgery – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Martin Serena V. , Reed Benedict , Fallico Nefer 
Published: September 2023

Objective To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine if day case cleft lip surgery has an impact on complications and 30-day readmission rate. Design A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. Databases included; PubMed, Science Direct, Ovid and Cochrane. Search terms; “Day Case”, “Day Care”, “outpatient”, “Ambulatory” AND “Cleft”, “Cleft Lip”. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5. Setting Eligible study types included; randomised controlled trials, observational studies (prospective and retrospective) and case series. Patients/Participants Paediatric patients undergoing primary cleft lip repair. Interventions Day case surgery versus inpatient admission post-operative. Main Outcome Measure(s) Primary outcome measure: Primary cleft lip repair performed as a day case in paediatric patients. Secondary outcome measures: 1. Complication rates and 30-day re-admission to hospital rate. 2. Patient suitability for day case surgery. Results Ten papers with 13 804 patients undergoing primary cleft lip repair were included, 28% were discharged on the day of surgery (Range 17%-81%). There was no significant difference in complication rate between the inpatient and day case cohorts. There was a significant reduction in 30-day readmission rates in the day case cohort. Conclusions This meta-analysis indicates there is no difference in complication rates for patients discharged on the day of surgery compared to those admitted overnight. Complications encountered were infrequent, non-life threatening and often occurred more than 24 h following discharge. There was an observed reduction in 30-day readmission rates for day-case patients. This is likely to represent a variation in baseline characteristics which deemed them suitable for day case surgery pre-operatively.