bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood biomarkers-defined subgroups show heterogeneity in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: a rationale for precision medicine
Authors: Charvet Benjamin , Lucas Alexandre , Pierquin Justine , Brunel Joanna , Fried Steven , Bernis Corinne , Orban Zachary S. , Jimenez Millenia , Hanson Barbara A. , Visvabharathy Lavanya , Koralnik Igor J. , Perron Hervé 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAcute COVID-19 can cause a post-infectious syndrome in a significant percentage of patients, with multifacted and long lasting symptoms. We hypothesized that this Post-Acute COVID syndrome (PASC) could result from various underlying causes, which may compromise the demonstration of efficacy for treatments evaluated on cohorts of heterogeneous patients.To assess the feasibility of stratifying or characterizing subgroups of post-COVID-19 patients consistent with different indications in a precision medicine perspective, we tested serum biomarkers in a pilot cross-sectional study of patients with neuro-cognitive symptoms from the Northwestern University post-COVID-19 clinic (Chicago,USA). Patient health status was evaluated with the use of standardized PROMIS questionnaires and underwent validated cognitive tests with the NIH Toolbox. Serum biomarkers were chosen as proteins known to be involved in the pathogenic features of a neuro-inflammatory disease, i.e., multiple sclerosis, with a final selection of the most discriminant ones. A multi-isotypes serology against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid antigens was performed to allow detailed analyses of the humoral immune status.Despite the limited numbers of this feasibility study, results showed that clinical data could not differentiate PASC patients with persisting neuro-cognitive impairment, while three major PASC subgroups were identified with serum biomarkers according to the presence or absence of the HERV-W ENV soluble protein combined with neurofilaments light chains and, to a lesser extent, with elevated levels of IL-6. SARS-CoV-2 serological results in PASC compared to healthy controls also revealed a significant increase of anti-Spike and/or Nucleocapsid IgM, IgA and, unexpectedly, IgE. For IgG, a significant difference was observed with Nucleocapsid only since anti-Spike IgG titers were normally elevated in vaccinated controls. This multi-Ig isotypes serology may provide additional information on the infectious and immunological status of individual patients and should be considered in face of a potential viral persistence in some individuals.Altogether the results show the feasibility of using serum biomarkers to discriminate relevant subgroups or individual patients for precision medicine indications in post-COVID syndromes. This pilot study paves the way to further exploring biological assays for the definition of subtypes of PASC, also called long COVID, useful for the choice of relevant therapeutic strategies.
Subgrouping multimorbid patients with ischemic heart disease by means of unsupervised clustering: A cohort study of 72,249 patients defined comprehensively by diagnoses prior to presentation
Authors: Haue Amalie D. , Holm Peter C. , Banasik Karina , Lundgaard Agnete T. , Muse Victorine P. , Röder Timo , Westergaard David , Chmura Piotr J. , Christensen Alex H. , Weeke Peter E. , Sørensen Erik , Pedersen Ole B. V. , Ostrowski Sisse R. , Iversen Kasper K. , Køber Lars V. , Ullum Henrik , Bundgaard Henning , Brunak Søren 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are no methods for classifying patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) based on the entire spectrum of pre-existing diseases. Such methods might be clinically useful due to the marked differences in presentation and course of disease.MethodsA population-based cohort study from a Danish secondary care setting of patients with IHD (2004-2016) and subjected to a coronary angiography (CAG) or coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Data sources were The Danish National Patient Registry, in-hospital laboratory data, and genetic data from Copenhagen Hospital Biobank. Comorbidities included diagnoses assigned prior to presentation of IHD. Patients were clustered by means of the Markov Clustering Algorithm using the entire spectrum of registered multimorbidity. The two prespecified outcomes were: New ischemic events (including death from IHD causes) and death from non-IHD causes. Patients were followed from date of CAG/CCTA until one of the two outcomes occurred or end of follow-up, whichever came first. Biological and clinical appropriateness of clusters was assessed by comparing risks (estimated from Cox proportional hazard models) in clusters and by phenotypic and genetic enrichment analyses, respectively.FindingsIn a cohort of 72,249 patients with IHD (mean age 63.9 years, 63.1% males), 31 distinct clusters (C1-31, 67,136 patients) were identified. Comparing each cluster to the 30 others, seven clusters (9,590 patients) had statistically significantly higher or lower risk of new ischemic events (five and two clusters, respectively). 18 clusters (35,982 patients) had a higher or lower risk of death from non-IHD causes (12 and six clusters, respectively). All clusters at increased risk of new ischemic events, associated with risk of death from non-IHD causes as well. Cardiovascular or inflammatory diseases were commonly enriched in clusters (13), and distributions for 24 laboratory test results differed significantly across clusters. Clusters enriched for cerebrovascular diseases were generally not at increased risk of the two outcomes. Polygenic risk scores were increased in a total of 15 clusters (48.4%).ConclusionsClustering of patients with IHD based on pre-existing comorbidities identified subgroups of patients with significantly different clinical outcomes and presented a tool to rank pre-existing comorbidities based on their association with clinical outcomes. This novel method may support better classification of patients and thereby differentiation of treatment intensity depending on expected outcomes in subgroups.
Volatility transmission dynamics between energy and financial indices of emerging markets: a comparison between the subprime crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Molina-Muñoz Jesús , Mora–Valencia Andrés , Perote Javier , Rodríguez-Raga Santiago 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the volatility transmission between an energy stock index and a financial stock index in emerging markets during recent high instability periods. The study considers the impact of both the period under analysis and the data frequency on the direction and intensity of the contagion, as well as the effect of the potential spillovers on the risk measures. These questions still lack definitive answers and have become more relevant in a context of financially unsettling events such as COVID-19 crises.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs an extension of the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) model that allows for the time-varying dependence relationship between the variables. This dependence is analyzed at daily, weekly and monthly basis using data from the Bloomberg platform on energy and stock market indices for emerging markets between 2001 and 2021.FindingsThe results for a sample spanning from 2001 to mid-2021 show bidirectional volatility transmission on a daily basis, whereas only evidence of volatility transmission from the financial to the energy exists for weekly and monthly frequencies. However, considering different subsamples of daily data, the authors only find volatility transmission from financial (energy) index to the energy (financial) during the Great Recession (COVID-19) as a consequence of the different source of the shock and transmission channels.Originality/valueThis study reveals that volatility transmission between energy and stocks in emerging markets has changed and presents a unidirectional pattern from energy to financial markets during the COVID-19 period in contrast to calm and the sub-prime crisis intervals. These results differ from previous studies, focused on global markets, that show bidirectional spillovers during this period.
Desire and craving measured using behavioral ratings and brain network topology differ significantly among moderate to heavy alcohol consumers
Authors: Peterson‐Sockwell Hope , Veach Laura J. , Simpson Sean L. , Fanning Jason , Laurienti Paul J. , Gauvin Lise 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground"Craving" is a central concept in alcohol research, but the semantic interpretation of craving as a concept varies. Multiple studies that have investigated differences in operational definitions of craving have demonstrated a lack of agreement among them. This study investigated whether moderate to heavy drinkers would rate craving and “desire” for alcohol similarly and explored potential neurobiological differences underpinning feelings of craving and desire.MethodsThirty‐nine individuals who consumed an average of at least 7 drinks/week for females and 14 drinks/week for males were studied across 3‐day periods of their typical alcohol consumption and imposed abstinence. Ratings of desire and craving for alcohol were collected approximately every three hours during waking periods across the two experimental periods (n = 35, 17 males). At the end of each period, participants underwent functional MRI scanning during neutral and alcohol image viewing (n = 39, 17 males) followed by ratings of desire and craving for alcohol (n = 32, 16 males). Survey responses were analyzed using 2‐level nested hierarchical modeling, image ratings were compared using a hierarchical mixed‐effects regression, and brain networks constructed from fMRI data were assessed with a two‐part mixed‐effect regression (α = 0.05 in all analyses).ResultsRatings of desire and craving differed significantly from one another in the survey data and in the ratings collected during image viewing. The strength of the desire experience was higher overall than craving, but the fluctuations over time were similar. Results for desire and craving differed on brain network attributes associated with distributed processing and those regional specific within the default mode network. Significant associations were found between ratings of desire and connection strength and between ratings of craving and connection probability.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that the difference between ratings of craving for alcohol and desire for alcohol is not trivial. The different ratings and their association with alcohol consumption or abstinence experiences may have significant biological and clinical implications.
Window‐dressing policy: Thailand's misuse of soft power as cursory practice
Authors: Charoenvattananukul Peera 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJoseph Nye's soft power has become popular among academics and practitioners in Thailand for decades. Despite its pervasiveness in Thai society, the soft power concept, which is predicated on the outcome‐based definition of power, has been misconstrued by Thai policymakers as synonymous with the resource‐based definition of power. This policy review examines key strategic blueprints of the relevant Thai state agencies and argues that they misunderstand soft power in its entirety. Mistaking soft power as cultural resources gravely affects how the Thai state agencies outline policy evaluation criteria, which neither conform to Nye's expectations nor achieve the Thai government's objectives. This policy review, however, discovers that “Thailand Foundation,” which is the affiliated organization of Thailand's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, appropriately designs soft power indicators that can be emulated by the other Thai state agencies to make soft power strategies work for Thailand.
The need to belong: Girls' trajectory perspectives on friendship forming in the school setting
Authors: Forsberg Camilla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article is based on pair and group interviews with 40 girls in lower secondary school in Sweden and examines their perspectives on friendship forming. Constructivist grounded theory was used throughout the study. The findings address girls' trajectory perspectives on friendship forming and how the school setting, gender norms and social exclusion anxiety influence their friendships over time. In particular, they highlight a fear of being excluded as associated with the school setting. This fear shows how friendship forming and bullying connect to each other by highlighting how the need to socially belong is the most important thing in school.
The landscapes of lives I: An action landscape approach to practices and the interface of individual and society
Authors: Worthman Carol M. , Cummings Constance A. , Lende Daniel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPractices occupy the intersection of human behavior with its personal and societal dimensions, operating in social theory as bridges between high‐order cultural features and on‐the‐ground dynamics that reciprocally shape the conditions of everyday life and animate human experience. Yet precisely how this bridging occurs remains underspecified. We address that gap in this and a companion article (Worthman, Cummings, and Lende 2023). This article situates practices in dynamic action space, while the second details how those dynamics work and applies them to questions of inequity, resilience, and contemplative practice. We trace a spectrum of practices from mundane activities to formal rituals and self‐transformational pursuits. We then situate them within a socioecological framework, drawing on the visual metaphor of Charles Waddington's epigenetic landscape to represent fields of possible practices or action landscapes that are contingent, situated, and dynamically configured to constitute the middle ground bridging social actors and lived experience with sociocultural worlds.
Climate drivers alter nitrogen availability in surface peat and decouple N2 fixation from CH4 oxidation in the Sphagnum moss microbiome
Authors: Petro Caitlin , Carrell Alyssa A. , Wilson Rachel M. , Duchesneau Katherine , Noble‐Kuchera Sekou , Song Tianze , Iversen Colleen M. , Childs Joanne , Schwaner Geoff , Chanton Jeffrey P. , Norby Richard J. , Hanson Paul J. , Glass Jennifer B. , Weston David J. , Kostka Joel E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPeat mosses (Sphagnum spp.) are keystone species in boreal peatlands, where they dominate net primary productivity and facilitate the accumulation of carbon in thick peat deposits. Sphagnum mosses harbor a diverse assemblage of microbial partners, including N2‐fixing (diazotrophic) and CH4‐oxidizing (methanotrophic) taxa that support ecosystem function by regulating transformations of carbon and nitrogen. Here, we investigate the response of the Sphagnum phytobiome (plant + constituent microbiome + environment) to a gradient of experimental warming (+0°C to +9°C) and elevated CO2 (+500 ppm) in an ombrotrophic peatland in northern Minnesota (USA). By tracking changes in carbon (CH4, CO2) and nitrogen (NH4‐N) cycling from the belowground environment up to Sphagnum and its associated microbiome, we identified a series of cascading impacts to the Sphagnum phytobiome triggered by warming and elevated CO2. Under ambient CO2, warming increased plant‐available NH4‐N in surface peat, excess N accumulated in Sphagnum tissue, and N2 fixation activity decreased. Elevated CO2 offset the effects of warming, disrupting the accumulation of N in peat and Sphagnum tissue. Methane concentrations in porewater increased with warming irrespective of CO2 treatment, resulting in a ~10× rise in methanotrophic activity within Sphagnum from the +9°C enclosures. Warming's divergent impacts on diazotrophy and methanotrophy caused these processes to become decoupled at warmer temperatures, as evidenced by declining rates of methane‐induced N2 fixation and significant losses of keystone microbial taxa. In addition to changes in the Sphagnum microbiome, we observed ~94% mortality of Sphagnum between the +0°C and +9°C treatments, possibly due to the interactive effects of warming on N‐availability and competition from vascular plant species. Collectively, these results highlight the vulnerability of the Sphagnum phytobiome to rising temperatures and atmospheric CO2 concentrations, with significant implications for carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal peatlands.
Human rights and climate wrongs: Mapping the landscape of rights‐based climate litigation
Authors: Iyengar Shalini 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHuman rights‐based climate litigation cases have become increasingly prominent over the past decade. While absolute numbers of these cases are still relatively low, they have attracted significant praise and scrutiny, both from the standpoint of the media and the academy. However, while there is a large body of scholarly literature on these rights‐based climate cases, relatively little qualitative research has focused on the actors bringing these claims before the court. This article uses qualitative socio‐legal research methods to examine how lawyers and activists in the climate litigation space think about these cases, their strategies and their reasons for using human rights‐based arguments to address the climate crisis. By foregrounding these actors and their voices, this article tells the story of the human rights‐based climate litigation movement and how it came together.
Differential Flatness of Slider–Pusher Systems for Constrained Time Optimal Collision Free Path Planning
Authors: Lefebvre Tom , De Witte Sander , Neve Thomas , Crevecoeur Guillaume 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this work, we show that the differential kinematics of slider–pusher systems are differentially flat assuming quasi-static behavior and frictionless contact. Second, we demonstrate that the state trajectories are invariant to time-differential transformations of the path parametrizing coordinate. For one this property allows to impose arbitrary velocity profiles on the slider without impacting the geometry of the state trajectory. This property implies that certain path planning problems may be decomposed approximately into a strictly geometric path planning and an auxiliary throughput speed optimization problem. Building on these insights, we elaborate a numerical approach tailored to constrained time optimal collision free path planning and apply it to the slider–pusher system.
Association between maternal influenza vaccination and neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood: a longitudinal, population-based linked cohort study
Authors: Foo Damien , Sarna Mohinder , Pereira Gavin , Moore Hannah C , Regan Annette K 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the association betweenin uteroexposure to seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) and the risk of a diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder in early childhood.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingPopulation-based birth registry linked with health administrative databases in Western Australia (WA).ParticipantsSingleton, liveborn children born between 1 April 2012 and 1 July 2016 in WA.ExposureReceipt of seasonal IIV during pregnancy obtained from a state-wide antenatal vaccination database.Main outcome measuresClinical diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder was recorded from hospital inpatient and emergency department records. We used Cox proportional hazard regression, weighted by the inverse-probability of treatment (vaccination), to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of neurodevelopmental disorders associated within uteroexposure to seasonal IIV.ResultsThe study included 140 514 children of whom, 15 663 (11.2%) were exposed to seasonal IIVin utero. The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders was 5.4%, including mental or behavioural (0.4%), neurological (5.1%), seizure (2.2%) and sleep disorders (2.7%). Maternal IIV was not associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (HR 1.00; 95% CI 0.91 to 1.08). Children exposed in the first trimester had a lower risk of seizure disorders (adjusted HR [aHR] 0.73; 95% CI 0.54 to 0.998), and preterm children exposed any time during pregnancy had a lower risk of sleep disorders (aHR 0.63; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.98).ConclusionsWe did not observe increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders followingin uteroexposure to seasonal IIV. Although we observed some evidence for lower risk of seizure and sleep disorders, additional studies are required to confirm.
Injury acknowledgement by reduction of sports load in world-leading athletics (track and field) athletes varies with their musculoskeletal health literacy and the socioeconomic environment
Authors: Timpka Toomas , Fagher Kristina , Bargoria Victor , Andersson Christer , Jacobsson Jenny , Gauffin Håkan , Hansson Per-Olof , Adami Paolo Emilio , Bermon Stéphane , Dahlström Örjan 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveAlthough injury burden prompts elite athletics (track and field) athletes to engage in injury management, little is known about their health literacy. We investigated musculoskeletal (MS) health literacy in world-leading athletics athletes and associations with prechampionship injury acknowledgement by reduction of training load in different socioeconomic environments.MethodsAdult and youth athletics athletes (n=1785) preparing for World Championships were invited to complete the Literacy in Musculoskeletal Problems instrument and report acknowledgement of injury by reduction in training load during prechampionship tapering. Their socioeconomic standing was estimated through the Human Development Index of their home country. Demographic differences were examined using χ2tests and determinants of injury acknowledgement assessed using logistic regression.ResultsComplete data were obtained from 780 athletes (43.7%) with 26% demonstrating sufficient MS health literacy, higher in adult (41%) than youth (13%) athletes (p<0.001). Adult athletes at the uppermost socioeconomic level showed higher MS health literacy than athletes at lower socioeconomic levels (p<0.001). At the uppermost socioeconomic level, adult athletes with sufficient MS health literacy had increased likelihood of acknowledging an injury by reduction in training load compared with peers demonstrating insufficient MS health literacy (OR=2.45; 95% CI 1.33–4.53). Athletes at middle socioeconomic levels with sufficient MS health literacy had decreased likelihood for acknowledging an injury during tapering (OR=0.29; 95% CI 0.11–0.78).ConclusionsThe prevalence of sufficient MS health literacy in world-leading athletics athletes is low. Associations between MS health literacy and injury acknowledgement in these athletes vary with the resourcefulness of the socioeconomic environment, implying that health literacy and resources for medical and performance support should be ascertained concurrently.