bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VÉCU DES ÉTUDIANTES ET ÉTUDIANTS EN TRAVAIL SOCIAL DANS UNE UNIVERSITÉ CANADIENNE ET DANS LE CONTEXTE DE LA PANDÉMIE DE COVID-19
Authors: Labra Oscar , Ependa Augustin , Castro Carol , Bergheul Saïd , Bedoya Juan Pablo 
Published: February 2023

La pandémie de la COVID-19 a bouleversé les rapports avec autrui dans le milieu universitaire suite à la mise en place des mesures sanitaires. Cette étude a pour but de mieux comprendre la réalité vécue et verbalisée par les étudiant.e.s des 1er et 2e cycles en travail social durant la pandémie de la COVID-19 et en confinement obligatoire. L’étude couvre le volet qualitatif d’un large sondage auprès de 621 participant.e.s et comprend une recherche quantitative auprès de 90 étudiant.e.s en travail social. Les résultats montrent une perception négative des étudiant.e.s en travail social sur le plan émotionnel, en raison des enseignements en mode virtuel et d’une surcharge de travail durant cette pandémie. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent un besoin de soutien pour les étudiant.e.s pendant les périodes de confinement, une mise en garde à propos des méthodes d’enseignement, ainsi que des préoccupations quant à la façon dont l’enseignement virtuel affecte la qualité de la formation en travail social.
Development and evaluation of a live birth prediction model for evaluating human blastocysts from a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Hang , Zhang Zhuoran , Gu Yifan , Dai Changsheng , Shan Guanqiao , Song Haocong , Li Daniel , Chen Wenyuan , Lin Ge , Sun Yu 
Published: February 2023

Background:In infertility treatment, blastocyst morphological grading is commonly used in clinical practice for blastocyst evaluation and selection, but has shown limited predictive power on live birth outcomes of blastocysts. To improve live birth prediction, a number of artificial intelligence (AI) models have been established. Most existing AI models for blastocyst evaluation only used images for live birth prediction, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) achieved by these models has plateaued at ~0.65.Methods:This study proposed a multimodal blastocyst evaluation method using both blastocyst images and patient couple’s clinical features (e.g., maternal age, hormone profiles, endometrium thickness, and semen quality) to predict live birth outcomes of human blastocysts. To utilize the multimodal data, we developed a new AI model consisting of a convolutional neural network (CNN) to process blastocyst images and a multilayer perceptron to process patient couple’s clinical features. The data set used in this study consists of 17,580 blastocysts with known live birth outcomes, blastocyst images, and patient couple’s clinical features.Results:This study achieved an AUC of 0.77 for live birth prediction, which significantly outperforms related works in the literature. Sixteen out of 103 clinical features were identified to be predictors of live birth outcomes and helped improve live birth prediction. Among these features, maternal age, the day of blastocyst transfer, antral follicle count, retrieved oocyte number, and endometrium thickness measured before transfer are the top five features contributing to live birth prediction. Heatmaps showed that the CNN in the AI model mainly focuses on image regions of inner cell mass and trophectoderm (TE) for live birth prediction, and the contribution of TE-related features was greater in the CNN trained with the inclusion of patient couple's clinical features compared with the CNN trained with blastocyst images alone.Conclusions:The results suggest that the inclusion of patient couple’s clinical features along with blastocyst images increases live birth prediction accuracy.Funding:Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canada Research Chairs Program.
Study of Genetic Improvement and Susceptibility in Relation to the Infestations of the Leaf Roller and Capsule Borer Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel)
Authors: Thakur Shobhram , Nayak M. K. , Ratan Shiv , Shyam Manisha , . Yogranjan 
Published: February 2023

One hundred twenty nine accession of sesame with susceptible (TC-25) and resistance check (SI-250) were screened under natural infestation condition during two consecutive seasons of 2019 and 2020 to identify the source of resistance against leaf roller and capsule borer (Antigastra catalaunalis Dup.) at AICRP on oilseeds sesame center of JNKVV, College of Agriculture, Tikamgarh (M.P.). The sesame accession were categorized as highly resistant (HR), resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), susceptible (S) and highly susceptible (HS) based on the cumulative score (0-9) and grade (1-9) of the individual accsession. Among 131 accession viz., In pooled analysis, leaf damage ranged from 0.0 to 40.0 against 40.0 and 0.0 per cent on susceptible and resistant checks, Flower damage ranged from 0.0 to 29.6 against 15.85 and 1.3 per cent on susceptible and resistant checks , respectively, while capsules damage ranged from 0.0 to 17.15 per cent against 3.05 and 0.4 % on susceptible and resistant checks, respectively. In pooled analysis none of the accession were found free from infestation of A. catalaunalis. Based on the cumulative scoring ,twenty one accession namely EC-334961-1, Annand local, IS-653-A, NIL-16426, IC-14331, NIC-8282, IS-387, G-13, EC-334955, NIC-8062, G-8, SI-1925, EC-35000, G-19, IS-90, GRT-83138, EC-303423-C, NIC-17362-A, ES-310420, IS-178-C, SI-250 and forty one accession namely S-0481, ES-75, TILO/Hana, EC-335001-A, S-003116, NIC-16114-B, BS-61, EC-164966, KMR-90, EC-335003, IS-722-2-84-I, NIC-17477-I, 43994, Oct.-81, Ec-182832, NIC-8033, G-2, G-6, NIC-9835, IS-77, GRT-8327, S-0619, ES-131-I-84, IC-152485, IS-449, IS-150-3-84, ES-64, IC-30884 ,GRT-8359, S-0281, IS-712, GRT-83128, NIC-16218, KJS-21, NIC-14730, Juland Sahame, SI-1865-1-B, GSM-21, IS-346, S-01159-C, GRT-8336. With resistance check, SI -250 (RC) were rated as highly resistant and resistance these could be a possible source of resistance and used in breeding programs to develop resistant varieties. These germplasm lines might be exploited in the hybridization programs for development of the resistant cultivars.
Effects of Electroacupuncture for Opioid-Induced Constipation in Patients With Cancer in China
Authors: Wang Weiming , Liu Yan , Yang Xiaofang , Sun Jianhua , Yue Zenghui , Lu Dianrong , Zhou Kehua , Sun Yuanjie , Hou Aihua , Zang Zhiwei , Jin Xiaoqing , Liu Chao , Wang Yuhang , Yu Jinna , Zhu Lili , Liu Zhishun 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceOpioid-induced constipation (OIC) is prevalent among patients treated with opioids for cancer pain. Safe and effective therapies for OIC in patients with cancer remain an unmet need.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) for OIC in patients with cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted at 6 tertiary hospitals in China among 100 adult patients with cancer who were screened for OIC and enrolled between May 1, 2019, and December 11, 2021.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive 24 sessions of EA or sham electroacupuncture (SA) over 8 weeks and then were followed up for 8 weeks after treatment.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of overall responders, defined as patients who had at least 3 spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) per week and an increase of at least 1 SBM from baseline in the same week for at least 6 of the 8 weeks of the treatment period. All statistical analyses were based on the intention-to-treat principle.ResultsA total of 100 patients (mean [SD] age, 64.4 [10.5] years; 56 men [56.0%]) underwent randomization; 50 were randomly assigned to each group. Among them, 44 of 50 patients (88.0%) in the EA group and 42 of 50 patients (84.0%) in the SA group received at least 20 (≥83.3%) sessions of treatment. The proportion of overall responders at week 8 was 40.1% (95% CI, 26.1%-54.1%) in the EA group and 9.0% (95% CI, 0.5%-17.4%) in the SA group (difference between groups, 31.1 percentage points [95% CI, 14.8-47.6 percentage points]; P &amp;lt; .001). Compared with SA, EA provided greater relief for most OIC symptoms and improved quality of life among patients with OIC. Electroacupuncture had no effects on cancer pain and its opioid treatment dosage. Electroacupuncture-related adverse events were rare, and, if any, all were mild and transient.Conclusions and RelevanceThis randomized clinical trial found that 8-week EA treatment could increase weekly SBMs with a good safety profile and improve quality of life for the treatment of OIC. Electroacupuncture thus provided an alternative option for OIC in adult patients with cancer.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03797586
Characteristics of Maternal Mortality Missed by Vital Statistics in Hong Kong, 2000-2019
Authors: Cheung Ka Wang , Seto Mimi Tin-Yan , Wang Weilan , So Po Lam , Hui Annie S. Y. , Yu Florrie Nga-Yui , Chung Wai Hang , Shu Wendy , Yim Minnie , Au Tiffany Sin-Tung , Lo Tsz Kin , Ng Ernest Hung Yu 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceReducing maternal mortality is a global objective. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is low in Hong Kong, China, but there has been no local confidential enquiry into maternal death, and underreporting is likely.ObjectiveTo determine the causes and timing of maternal death in Hong Kong and identify deaths and their causes that were missed by the Hong Kong vital statistics database.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among all 8 public maternity hospitals in Hong Kong. Maternal deaths were identified using prespecified search criteria, including a registered delivery episode between 2000 to 2019 and a registered death episode within 365 days after delivery. Cases as reported by the vital statistics were then compared with the deaths found in the hospital-based cohort. Data were analyzed from June to July 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcomes of interest were maternal mortality, defined as death during pregnancy or within 42 days after ending the pregnancy, and late maternal death, defined as death more than 42 days but less than 1 year after end of the pregnancy.ResultsA total of 173 maternal deaths (median [IQR] age at childbirth, 33 [29-36] years) were found, including 74 maternal mortality events (45 direct deaths and 29 indirect deaths) and 99 late maternal deaths. Of 173 maternal deaths, 66 women (38.2%) of individuals had preexisting medical conditions. For maternal mortality, the MMR ranged from 1.63 to 16.78 deaths per 100 000 live births. Suicide was the leading cause of direct death (15 of 45 deaths [33.3%]). Stroke and cancer deaths were the most common causes of indirect death (8 of 29 deaths [27.6%] each). A total of 63 individuals (85.1%) died during the postpartum period. In the theme-based approach analysis, the leading causes of death were suicide (15 of 74 deaths [20.3%]) and hypertensive disorders (10 of 74 deaths [13.5%]). The vital statistics in Hong Kong missed 67 maternal mortality events (90.5%). All suicides and amniotic fluid embolisms, 90.0% of hypertensive disorders, 50.0% of obstetric hemorrhages, and 96.6% of indirect deaths were missed by the vital statistics. The late maternal death ratio ranged from 0 to 16.36 deaths per 100 000 live births. The leading causes of late maternal death were cancer (40 of 99 deaths [40.4%]) and suicide (22 of 99 deaths [22.2%]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of maternal mortality in Hong Kong, suicide and hypertensive disorder were the dominant causes of death. The current vital statistics methods were unable to capture most of the maternal mortality events found in this hospital-based cohort. Adding a pregnancy checkbox to death certificates and setting up a confidential enquiry into maternal death could be possible solutions to reveal the hidden deaths.
Enhancement of Valley Polarization in Monolayer WSe2 Coupled with Microsphere‐Cavity‐Array
Authors: Yan Yinzhou , Zhang Xiaohua , Li Xiaoze , Fang Honghua , Jiang Yijian , Zhao Chen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMonolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (ML‐TMDCs) possess degenerate levels with antiparallel spins in K and K′ valleys, providing the intrinsic valley polarization, which attracts great interest for potential applications on quantum information technology and on‐chip nanophotonics. Unfortunately, it is difficult to distinguish the degree of valley polarization (DoP) near room temperature due to the intensive phonon‐assisted intervalley scattering and the long‐range electron‐hole exchange interaction in ML‐TMDCs, limiting their practical applications. In this study, a novel design is proposed for great promotion of DoP in ML‐WSe2 with a microsphere cavity array, introducing Purcell effect and nanofocusing effect into the system. The radiative decay rate is dramatically enhanced owing to Purcell effect in microcavity in weak coupling regime, thus locking more polarized excitons in the corresponding valley under certain circularly‐polarized pumping. In addition, the nanofocusing effect contributes to increasing the number of charged excitons by suppressing the bright to dark exciton conversion. The present work achieves a great DoP of ML‐WSe2 with a simple configuration and promises broad applications from valleytronic devices to chiral optics in the future.
Mobile Trions in Electrically Tunable 2D Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Ziegler Jonas D. , Cho Yeongsu , Terres Sophia , Menahem Matan , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Yaffe Omer , Berkelbach Timothy C. , Chernikov Alexey 
Published: February 2023

Abstract2D hybrid perovskites are currently in the spotlight of material research for light‐harvesting and ‐emitting applications. It remains extremely challenging, however, to externally control their optical response due to the difficulties of introducing electrical doping. Here, an approach of interfacing ultrathin sheets of perovskites with few‐layer graphene and hexagonal boron nitride into gate‐tunable, hybrid heterostructures, is demonstrated. It allows for bipolar, continuous tuning of light emission and absorption in 2D perovskites by electrically injecting carriers to densities as high as 1012 cm−2. This reveals the emergence of both negatively and positively charged excitons, or trions, with binding energies up to 46 meV, among the highest measured for 2D systems. Trions are shown to dominate light emission and propagate with mobilities reaching 200 cm2 V−1 s−1 at elevated temperatures. The findings introduce the physics of interacting mixtures of optical and electrical excitations to the broad family of 2D inorganic–organic nanostructures. The presented strategy to electrically control the optical response of 2D perovskites highlights it as a promising material platform toward electrically modulated light‐emitters, externally guided charged exciton currents, and exciton transistors based on layered, hybrid semiconductors.
Effect of pH on the Electrochemical Behavior and Nitrogen Reduction Reaction Activity of Ti2N Nitride MXene
Authors: Johnson Denis , Djire Abdoulaye 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is used to convert nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3) at ambient conditions. In general, acidic electrolytes are used to provide protons (H+), however, this leads to low selectivity due to H2 formation via the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Recently, it is shown that Ti2N MXene is active and selective for NRR in acidic electrolyte, and operates through a Mars‐van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism. However, the effect of pH on its catalytic performance is not well understood. Here, experiments are performed in varying pH values and relations are developed between pH and performance. The findings of this study indicate that the lowest NRR onset occurs within pH 2 systems exhibiting a nonlinear trend. However, as pH decreases, overpotential decreases, and kinetics increase due to H+ participation. FE values are found to increase as pH increased. These findings will be extended to other materials to design optimal electrolytic systems for NRR.
The New Zealand bracken fern rhizome, Pteridium esculentum (G.Forst): a toxic food plant of pre‐European Māori
Authors: Leach Foss , Davidson Janet , Burtenshaw Michael , Harris Graham , Tomlin Tony , Davis Paul 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThe two species of bracken fern, Pteridium esculentum and Pteridium aquilinum, are well known to produce neoplastic lesions and thiamine deficiency when consumed by mammals, with severe consequences to health. New Zealand Pre‐European Māori are known to have consumed rhizomes of P. esculentum as food with little or no recorded consequences to health. Processing methods by Māori prior to consumption may have helped to detoxify this food. We carried out LDH toxicity tests on rhizomes that had been pre‐processed before simulated digestion to test this possibility. We tested rhizomes harvested each month of the year, different components of the rhizome, both raw and roasted rhizomes, rhizomes stored for up to 12 months, and rhizomes leached for up to 24 hours. All specimens remained equally toxic within experimental error. We carried out a detailed analysis of nutrients in bracken rhizome and compared this with kūmara, Ipomoea batatas, another important food plant for pre‐European Māori, and found that bracken rhizome has c. 70% of the caloric value of kūmara. A cost/benefit analysis of the two plants suggested that the reward for effort is greatest for kūmara by a modest amount. Analysis of historic ethnographic observations relating to bracken rhizome from AD 1769 to the 1840s provides complex and contradictory evidence of the role of bracken rhizome in the Māori economic system. Although there is clear evidence that Māori greatly favoured chewing rhizomes, this fondness may result from the presence of one or more plant secondary metabolites (PSM), such as ecdysone, which are known to be addictive. Our analysis of the evidence favours the plant being essentially a famine food, filling in the period between planting and harvest of kūmara, known as the ‘hungry gap’ between October and April in the southern hemisphere. However, it would also have provided an important source of food for travellers, as fern‐lands are widespread. Our analysis of archaeological information did not produce unequivocal direct evidence of bracken rhizome consumption. However, the presence of extreme tooth wear and a unique pattern of first molar dislocation, attributed to the use of teeth to strip starch from rhizomes, has been shown to be present at all periods of New Zealand prehistory. This is contrary to the finding of some other researchers.
Amine‐catalyzed Synthesis of Fluorine‐containing Polymers through Halogen Bonding
Authors: Kanbara Tadashi , Arase Mizuki , Tanaka Miyu , Yamaguchi Airi , Tagami Koto , Yajima Tomoko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFluorine‐containing polymers are one of the most useful materials among various polymers. In this study, we have developed synthesis methods for fluorine‐containing polymers through sequential and chain polymerization based on the generation of perfluoroalkyl radicals by photoirradiation halogen bonding of perfluoroalkyl iodide and amines. In sequential polymerization, fluoroalkyl‐alkyl‐alternating polymers were synthesized by the polyaddition of diene and diiodoperfluoroalkane. In chain polymerization, polymers with perfluoroalkyl terminals were synthesized by polymerization of general‐purpose monomers, with perfluoroalkyl iodide as the initiating species. Block polymers were also synthesized by successive chain polymerization to the polyaddition product.
Life of p: A consonant older than speech
Authors: Lameira Adriano R. , Moran Steven 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhich sounds composed the first spoken languages? Archetypal sounds are not phylogenetically or archeologically recoverable, but comparative linguistics and primatology provide an alternative approach. Labial articulations are the most common speech sound, being virtually universal across the world's languages. Of all labials, the plosive ‘p’ sound, as in ‘Pablo Picasso’, transcribed /p/, is the most predominant voiceless sound globally and one of the first sounds to emerge in human infant canonical babbling. Global omnipresence and ontogenetic precocity imply that /p/‐like sounds could predate the first major linguistic diversification event(s) in humans. Indeed, great ape vocal data support this view, namely, the only cultural sound shared across all great ape genera is articulatorily homologous to a rolling or trilled /p/, the ‘raspberry’. /p/‐like labial sounds represent an ‘articulatory attractor’ among living hominids and are likely among the oldest phonological features to have ever emerged in linguistic systems.
Efficacy of stem cell secretome loaded in hyaluronate sponge for topical treatment of psoriasis
Authors: Carrillo Daniela , Edwards Natalie , Arancibia‐Altamirano David , Otárola Fabiola , Villarroel Cynthia , Prieto Catalina P , Villamizar‐Sarmiento María Gabriela , Sauma Daniela , Valenzuela Fernando , Lattus José , Oyarzun‐Ampuero Felipe , Palma Verónica 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPsoriasis vulgaris is an inflammatory disease characterized by distinctive skin lesions and dysregulated angiogenesis. Recent research uses stem cell secretion products (CM); a set of bioactive factors with therapeutic properties that regulate several cellular processes, including tissue repair and angiogenesis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of CM of Wharton's gelatin MSC (hWJCM) in a treatment based on the bioactivation of a hyaluronic acid matrix (HA hWJCM) in a psoriasiform‐like dermatitis (PD) mouse model. A preclinical study was conducted on PD mice. The effect of hWJCM, Clobetasol (Clob) gold standard, HA Ctrl, and HA hWJCM was tested topically evaluating severity of PD, mice weight as well as skin, liver, and spleen appearance. Treatment with either hWJCM, HA Ctrl or HA hWJCM, resulted in significant improvement of the PD phenotype. Moreover, treatment with HA hWJCM reduced the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), aberrant angiogenesis, and discomfort associated with the disease, leading to total recovery of body weight. We suggest that the topical application of HA hWJCM can be an effective noninvasive therapeutic solution for psoriasis, in addition to other skin diseases, laying the groundwork for future studies in human patients.
Advances in medical treatment of breast cancer in 2022
Authors: Zhai Jingtong , Wu Yun , Ma Fei , Kaklamani Virginia , Xu Binghe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBreast cancer has replaced lung cancer as the most common malignancy worldwide. The 5‐year survival rate of breast cancer has reached 90%. Systemic treatment of breast cancer has developed into a mature system including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy and immunotherapy. This article summarizes the annual progress of breast cancer chemotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy and immunotherapy in 2022, providing valuable information for future research to better guide individualized treatment of breast cancer, thereby improving the prognosis and quality of life of breast cancer patients.
Simulation of Continuous Phase Flow in Small‐Scale Vortex Devices: Model Applicability Assessment
Authors: Chen Zhenyu , Zhao Bingtao , Feng Shaobo , Su Yaxin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo investigate the applicability of flow models used for numerical simulation of vortex devices, reorganization group k‐ε, Reynolds stress model, delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES), and large eddy simulation were evaluated for small‐scale vortex reactors/separators. Their comprehensive performances were compared in terms of the assessment indicators including root mean squares error, coefficient of determination R2, and convergence time. It was found that considering the balance of techno‐economics, DDES is the better option with relatively high prediction accuracy (RMSE = 0.5577 and R2 = 0.9591) and low computational cost (∼500 s) under a specified computational platform. The results can provide a positive reference for the selection and improvement of the flow models used for vortex devices.