bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiscal policy and sukuk market development in OIC countries
Authors: Baita Abubakar Jamilu , Malami Hussaini Usman , Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the fiscal policy drivers of sovereign sukuk market development in selected Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries. Specifically, the research aims to analyze the effects of fiscal deficit, public debt and government expenditure on sovereign sukuk market development, while controlling for macroeconomic and financial factors.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample consists of eight OIC member countries that play active role in the global sukuk market which include Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, Indonesia, Qatar, Pakistan, Turkey and Sudan. In addition, the study covers a period of 10 years spanning between 2011 and 2020. Similarly, the study uses three models, namely, random effect, generalized least square and system generalized method of moments panel models. To check for the robustness of the results, the study replaces current values of fiscal policy variables with one-year lagged values.

Findings
The findings establish that fiscal policy variables significantly influence the development of sovereign sukuk markets. Specifically, public debt is a significant fiscal variable that promotes sovereign sukuk market development, while fiscal deficit has a negative effect on the development of sovereign sukuk market. However, the findings suggest that government expenditure does not influence sovereign sukuk issuance in the OIC member countries.

Practical implications
The study is significant to both investors and regulators in the sukuk market because it attempts to spotlight the importance of sound fiscal climate in developing sovereign sukuk market. Public debt is a facilitator, whereas fiscal deficit appears to be a constraint. Therefore, policymakers should determine the optimal mix of public debt and fiscal deficit in designing policies that promote sukuk market development.

Originality/value
The novelty of the study is its focus on the role of fiscal policy variables in facilitating sovereign sukuk market development. The study systematically establishes the link between fiscal policy and sovereign sukuk market in the OIC countries. Previous empirical studies focus extensively on the effects of macroeconomic, financial and institutional factors on sukuk market development.
Fasting and refeeding triggers specific changes in bile acid profiles and gut microbiota
Authors: Zhang Yi , Qi Hongyan , Wang Long , Hu Chunyan , Gao Aibo , Wu Qihan , Wang Qiaoling , Lin Huibin , Chen Banru , Wang Xingyu , Wang Shuangyuan , Lin Hong , Wang Weiqing , Bi Yufang , Wang Jiqiu , Lu Jieli , Liu Ruixin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBile acids (BAs) are closely related to nutrient supply and modified by gut microbiota. Gut microbiota perturbations shape BA composition, which further affects host metabolism.MethodsWe investigated BA profiles in plasma, feces, and liver of mice fed ad libitum, fasted for 24 h, fasted for 24 h and then refed for 24 h using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Gut microbiota was measured by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Expressions of BA biosynthesis‐related genes in the liver and BA reabsorption‐related genes in the ileum were analyzed.FindingsCompared with the controls, unconjugated primary BAs (PBAs) and unconjugated secondary BAs (SBAs) in plasma were decreased whereas conjugated SBAs in plasma, unconjugated PBAs, unconjugated SBAs and conjugated SBAs in feces, and unconjugated SBAs in liver were increased in the fasting mice. The expression of BA biosynthesis‐related genes in the liver and BA reabsorption‐related genes in the ileum were decreased in the fasting mice compared with the controls. Compared with the controls, Akkermansia, Parabacteroides, Muribaculum, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes and Muribaculaceae were increased in the fasting mice whereas Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were decreased. All these changes in BAs and gut microbiota were recovered under refeeding. Akkermansia was negatively correlated with plasma levels of unconjugated PBAs, unconjugated SBAs and glucose, whereas it was positively correlated with plasma conjugated SBAs, fecal unconjugated PBAs, and fecal unconjugated SBAs.ConclusionsWe characterized the BA profiles, gut microbiota, and gene expression responsible for BA biosynthesis and intestinal reabsorption to explore their rapid changes in response to food availability. Our study highlighted the rapid effect of nutrient supply on BAs and gut microbiota.
Markers of intestinal immune activation and inflammation are not associated with preterm birth among women with low level HIV viremia
Authors: Powell Anna Maya , Persaud Deborah , Anderson Jean Rene , Kacanek Deborah , Huo Yanling , Psoter Kevin , Yanek Lisa R. , Ghanem Khalil , Burd Irina ,   the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trial (IMPAACT) 1025 protocol team
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMaternal markers of intestinal immune activation may be used to predict preterm birth (PTB) in pregnant women living with HIV.MethodsThis study used de‐identified samples from the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group (IMPAACT) Protocol P1025 study. Singleton pregnancies with ≥3 ml plasma available and HIV viral load ≤400 copies/ml within 4 weeks of specimen collection were included. Frequency matching of PTB cases and term birth controls was performed on basis of maternal race, number of available plasma specimens, and timing of plasma sample collection in a 1:1 ratio. Plasma progesterone, 25‐hydroxy vitamin D, soluble CD14, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I‐FABP), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐binding protein, and inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1B, IFN‐gamma, IL‐6, TNF‐alpha) were measured. Generalized mixed linear regression modeling was used to examine the association between PTB and biomarkers, adjusting for covariates and confounders. Data analyses were performed using SAS 9.4 (Cary, NC).ResultsWe included 104 PTB compared to 104 controls. Third trimester log2 IL‐1B was lower among PTB versus term birth controls by univariate analysis (–1.50 ± 2.26 vs. –.24 ± 2.69, p = .01) though this association was no longer significant by regression modeling. In an uncontrolled, exploratory sub‐analysis, subjects with prior PTB had increased odds of PTB with higher I‐FABP [aOR 2.72, 95% CI 1.18‐6.24] and lower IFN‐gamma [aOR .23, 95% CI .12‐.41] after adjustment for covariates and confounders.ConclusionsIntestinal immune activation measured by soluble CD14 or intestinal fatty acid binding protein was not associated with preterm birth among pregnant women with low‐level HIV viremia.
Target panic: Disrupted ecologies of skill in archery
Authors: Rooke Eliott 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe yips – a phenomenon whereby skilled practitioners suddenly and inexplicably struggle with their performance – has been observed in many sports. With no consensus as to the origins of the yips, it is, for many, a chronic condition bringing an end to careers and hobbies alike. This paper turns its attention to ‘target panic’, a sport‐specific instantiation of the yips found amongst archers. By bringing empirical encounters with target panic into conversation with geographical literature on skill, this paper seeks to invite reconsideration as to how and where the yips manifest. Rather than focusing on whether the yips is psychological or physical in origin, ecological approaches to skill allow for us to understand the yips as stemming from the disruption of the more‐than‐human communicative links on which skilled ecologies are founded. The concept of disruption is used to understand how this breakdown operates. Disruption is seen to be a boundary creating or boundary affirming process which impedes the ability for different actors to attune to one another. By re‐interpreting the yips as a result of disruption and locating it between actors, rather than within them, this paper contributes to ongoing discussions about what it means to be (de)skilled in a disrupted world and presents new possibilities for methods to prevent and treat the yips.
The pattern of association between early childhood caries and body mass index in pre‐school children within Aotearoa | New Zealand: a national cross‐sectional study
Authors: Schluter Philip J. , Hobbs Matthew , Ahuriri‐Driscoll Annabel , Kokaua Jesse , Singh Sheetalpreet , Lee Martin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe relationship between childhood anthropometric measurements and dental caries has an inconsistent evidence‐base. This study investigated dental caries experience and body mass index (BMI) measurements of children aged 4 years in a national cohort, after accounting for key confounding variables.MethodsA near whole‐population cross‐sectional study of children who had a health and developmental assessment, as part of the nationwide B4 School Check screening program, conducted in Aotearoa | New Zealand (ANZ) between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2021 was studied. The extracted database included 582 820 children, of whom 572 523 (98.2%) had valid BMI and oral health records. Dental caries experience was derived from the ‘lift the lip’ oral health screening, and measured height and weight were used to calculate sex‐specific BMI‐for‐age z‐scores (BMIz). Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity and area‐level deprivation. Modified Poisson regression models using 2‐degree fractional polynomial curves for BMIz were employed.ResultsIn the extracted sample, the median age was 4.3 years (interquartile range: 4.1–4.5 years), 283 565 (48.7%) were female, 135 734 (23.4%) and 74 237 (12.8%) were identified as Māori and Pacific, respectively, and 140 931 (24.4%) lived in the most deprived areas of ANZ. Overall, 81 926 (14.2%) had dental caries identified. In unadjusted analyses, a significant J‐shaped association was observed between dental caries experience and BMIz. However, in the adjusted analysis, a significant flattened S‐shaped association was found; those with lower BMIz had lower predicted probabilities of dental caries experience. Large differences in predicted probabilities were observed between different sex, ethnicity and area‐level deprivation groups.ConclusionsThis study found significant non‐linear associations between dental caries experience and BMI in 4‐year‐old children. However, the inclusion of confounders importantly changed the shape of this non‐linear association. Sex, ethnicity and area‐level deprivation inequalities had a greater impact on dental caries experience than BMI.
Deep‐penetrating‐nevus‐like melanoma arising in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome
Authors: Russell‐Goldman Eleanor , MacConaill Laura , Laga Alvaro C. , Hanna John 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeep penetrating nevi (DPN) are uncommon but distinctive melanocytic neoplasms that show an epithelioid to spindle cell morphology, prominent pigmentation with melanophages, and a plexiform growth pattern. Molecularly, most DPN are thought to be characterized by dual activation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase and the wingless‐related integration site (Wnt) pathways, the latter being most commonly driven by activating β‐catenin mutations. DPN‐like melanomas are very rare but can be recognized through their overlapping morphologic and architectural features with DPN. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome associated with multiple tumor types including colorectal carcinoma and desmoid fibromatosis. Like DPN, FAP is also driven by activation of the Wnt pathway, most commonly through loss of function mutations in APC, which is a major negative regulator of β‐catenin. Here we report two cases of DPN‐like melanoma arising in FAP patients. While the small number of cases precludes definitive establishment of an etiologic link between these entities, the shared molecular pathogenesis of DPN‐like lesions and FAP suggests that FAP patients may be at increased risk for this rare subtype of melanoma.
Pediatric androgenetic alopecia: an updated review
Authors: Gomes Tiago Fernandes , Soares Rui Oliveira 
Published: January 2023

SummaryPediatric androgenetic alopecia is an underrecognized disorder. A clinical evaluation with trichoscopy should be made in children and adolescents with hair loss and/or reduced hair density. Diagnosis is usually clinical, by observation of the hair loss pattern and performance of trichoscopy. In some cases, hyperandrogenism should be excluded. Although there is no approved therapy for androgenetic alopecia in pediatric age, topical minoxidil, oral minoxidil and topical finasteride may be very useful. Hair transplant may be an option for girls in selected cases. This article is a review of the current state of evidence concerning pediatric androgenetic alopecia.
A market for diagnostic devices for extreme point‐of‐care testing: Are we ASSURED of an ethical outcome?
Authors: Howard Mark 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe World Health Organisation (WHO) is leading a global effort to deliver improved diagnostic testing to people living in low‐resource settings. A reliance on the healthcare technologies marketplace and industry, shapes many aspects of the WHO project, and in this situation normative guidance comes by way of the ASSURED criteria — Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User‐friendly, Rapid and robust, Equipment‐free, and Delivered. While generally improving access to diagnostics, I argue that the ASSURED approach to distributive justice — efficiency — and assessment of worth — productivity — may constrain efforts to deliver timely and accurate diagnosis in the developing world equitably by holding back new and innovative diagnostics and indirectly encouraging program and device design that may unfairly discriminate against certain groups. Even as we try to overcome the problem of global healthcare injustice, we may be entrenching disadvantage. I present my critique of ASSURED by 1) referencing Boltanski and Thévenot's theory of orders of worth to highlight the industrial and market foundations of the ASSURED guidelines; 2) comparing ASSURED with other normative guides that elevate the importance of civic responsibility in evaluations of distributive justice; 3) presenting a case study of the failed promise of microfluidic diagnostic devices. I conclude that a new approach to normative guidance is required to assess the value of developing world diagnostics, preferably, one that does not force global public goods into the marketplace.
The role of p63 in embryonic external genitalia outgrowth in mice
Authors: Tanaka Kosei , Matsumaru Daisuke , Suzuki Kentaro , Yamada Gen , Miyagawa Shinichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEmbryonic external genitalia (genital tubercle [GT]) protrude from the cloaca and outgrow as cloacal development progresses. Individual gene functions and knockout phenotypes in GT development have been extensively analyzed; however, the interactions between these genes are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of p63, focusing on its interaction with the Shh–Wnt/Ctnnb1–Fgf8 pathway, a signaling network that is known to play a role in GT outgrowth. p63 was expressed in the epithelial tissues of the GT at E11.5, and the distal tip of the GT predominantly expressed the ΔNp63α isoform. The GTs in p63 knockout embryos had normal Shh expression, but CTNNB1 protein and Fgf8 gene expression in the distal urethral epithelium was decreased or lost. Constitutive expression of CTNNB1 in p63‐null embryos restored Fgf8 expression, accompanied by small bud structure development; however, such bud structures could not be maintained by E13.5, at which point mutant GTs exhibited severe abnormalities showing a split shape with a hemorrhagic cloaca. Therefore, p63 is a key component of the signaling pathway that triggers Fgf8 expression in the distal urethral epithelium and contributes to GT outgrowth by ensuring the structural integrity of the cloacal epithelia. Altogether, we propose that p63 plays an essential role in the signaling network for the development of external genitalia.
The effect of pulp volume and impact direction on the stress and strain distribution during an impact
Authors: Firmiano Tainah Costa , de Morais Gabriela Rodrigues Silva , Oliveira Amanda Alves , Arruda Karine Evangelista Martins , Silva Maria Alves Garcia Santos , Veríssimo Crisnicaw 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground/AimDentoalveolar trauma has a high incidence in different age groups, including the extremes, children, and older people. Mouth aging leads to some changes, one of them being the pulp volume reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different pulp cavity volumes and the impact direction on the stress and strain distribution of a maxillary central incisor.Material and MethodsTwenty cone beam computed tomography sets of images were selected and the pulp cavity volume was measured by ITK‐SNAP software. The mean pulp cavity volume for age group of 10‐ to 12‐year‐olds was calculated to obtain the largest one. Subsequent reductions (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) in the pulp volume values were made to simulate the aging process. The maxilla anterior segment was modeled in the Rhinoceros 5.0 software. The three‐dimensional volumetric mesh was generated using the Patran software (MSC. Software), with isoparametrics, 4‐noded tetrahedral elements, and exported to Marc/Mentat (MSC. Software) as element number 134. A non‐linear dynamic impact analysis was performed in which a steel ball reached the central incisor at a speed of 5 m/s in the horizontal or vertical direction. The stresses were evaluated by modified von Mises stresses. The strains and the total displacement were also recorded.ResultsThe pulp volume mean value for the age group of 10‐ to 12‐year‐olds was 65.05 mm3. Stress concentrations were slightly different for the different pulp volumes. Impact directions resulted in different stress distribution. Higher stress values were present with the horizontal impact (range between 25.18 MPa and 24.08 MPa for enamel and 38.89 MPa and 37.03 for dentin) when compared to vertical impact (range between 15.30 MPa and 14.58 for enamel and 24.77 to 22.03 MPa for dentin). Total displacement was different for the two impact directions and higher for the horizontal impact.ConclusionPulp volume did not significantly affect the stress, strain, and total displacement during the impact but the impact direction did affect the evaluated parameters during impact.
A novel davunetide (NAPVSIPQQ to NAPVSIPQE) point mutation in activity‐dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) causes a mild developmental syndrome
Authors: Gozes Illana , Shazman Shula 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNAP (NAPVSIPQ, drug candidate name, davunetide) is the neuroprotective fragment of activity‐dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP). Recent studies identified NAPVSIP as a Src homology 3 (SH3) domain‐ligand association site, responsible for controlling signalling pathways regulating the cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the SIP motif in NAP/ADNP was identified as crucial for direct microtubule end‐binding protein interaction facilitating microtubule dynamics and Tau microtubule interaction, at the microtubule end‐binding protein site EB1 and EB3. Most de novo ADNP mutations reveal heterozygous STOP or frameshift STOP aberrations, driving the autistic/intellectual disability‐related ADNP syndrome. Here, we report for the first time on a de novo missense mutation, resulting in ADNP containing NAPVISPQE instead of NAPVSIPQQ, in a child presenting developmental hypotonia, possibly associated with inflammation affecting food intake in early life coupled with fear of peer interactions and suggestive of a novel case of the ADNP syndrome. In silico modelling showed that the mutation Q (polar side chain) to E (negative side chain) affected the electrostatic characteristics of ADNP (reducing, while scattering the electrostatic positive patch). Comparison with the most prevalent pathogenic ADNP mutation, p.Tyr719*, indicated a further reduction in the electrostatic patch. Previously, exogenous NAP partially ameliorated deficits associated with ADNP p.Tyr719* mutations in transfected cells and in CRISPR/Cas9 genome edited cell and mouse models. These findings stress the importance of the NAP sequence in ADNP and as a future putative therapy for the ADNP syndrome.
Population differences in the aggregation and collective foraging behavior of fragmented social spider colonies
Authors: Durkin Emily S. , Cassidy Steven T. , Leyva Arletys , Keiser Carl N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLong‐term interactions among individuals are a hallmark of animal societies, but groups rarely remain entirely stable over time. Individuals die or emigrate, or groups become spatially fragmented. Group fragmentation can alter the phenotypic composition of subgroups by separating well‐connected individuals or altering sex ratios, which may alter the execution of collective behaviors. Over 10 days, we measured the aggregation behavior and collective prey capture of experimentally fragmented social spider (Stegodyphus dumicola) colonies collected from different populations in South Africa and Namibia. Colonies were fragmented for 4 weeks, after which subgroups were allowed to aggregate into a single group over time in a shared novel environment. Namibian colonies aggregated more rapidly than South African colonies. Across both populations, colonies containing individuals with higher average boldness values (faster recovery time after an antagonistic stimulus) attacked prey stimuli with more participants. However, bolder colonies from South Africa attacked prey stimuli faster, whereas attack latency in Namibian colonies was unaffected by colony boldness. These data suggest that fragmentation events, which are a common phenomenon in this species and other animal societies, can influence how individuals interact to accomplish collective tasks. Further, collective behavior and group fusion after fragmentation events can differ among groups from different populations.