bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous phase separation of stable emulsions from biphasic whole‐cell biocatalysis by catastrophic phase inversion
Authors: Janssen Lisa , Sadowski Gabriele , Brandenbusch Christoph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe main bottleneck for the industrial implementation of highly promising multi‐phase whole‐cell biocatalytic processes is the formation of stable Pickering‐type emulsions, hindering efficient downstream processing. Especially for the crucial step of phase separation, state‐of‐the‐art processes require time‐consuming and costly process steps (excessive centrifugation/use of de‐emulsifiers). In contrast, using the phenomenon of catastrophic phase inversion (CPI), efficient phase separation can be achieved by addition of an excess dispersed phase within minutes. To show applicability of CPI as an innovative process step, a fully automated lab‐scale prototype was designed and constructed within this work. A simple mixer‐settler set‐up enabled a continuous phase separation using CPI termed applied catastrophic phase inversion (ACPI). Test runs were conducted using emulsions from biphasic whole‐cell biocatalysis (Escherichia coli JM101 and Pseudomonas putida KT2440 cells). Solvents used included n‐heptane, ethyl oleate or 1‐octanol as organic phase. These investigations revealed ideal process settings for a stable ACPI process (e.g., flow/stirring rates and volumetric phase ratios between organic and water phase). The knowledge of the CPI point is most crucial, as only the inverted state of emulsion is successfully destabilized.
Clinical and pathological features analysis of invasive breast cancer with microcalcification
Authors: Tian Yao , Zhao Lu , Gui Zhengwei , Liu Shiyang , Liu Chenguang , Yu Tianyao , Zhang Lin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeMicrocalcification (MC) is a valuable diagnostic indicator to detect invasive breast cancer (IBC). This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological features of IBC with MC and detect biomarkers related to the potential mechanism of the MC formation in IBC.MethodsData from 364 patients with IBC were collected for the clinical characteristic analysis. The analysis of clinical data helped us to establish a predictive model of axillary node metastasis (ANM) before surgery. In addition, 49 tissue samples of IBC patients were collected to test the protein levels of osteocalcin (OCN) and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) by immunohistochemistry.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in tumor size, age, ANM, HER2+, TNM stage, and mutant P53 between samples from IBC patients with MC and samples from IBC patients without MC. Younger age, a larger tumor size, a higher number of childbirths, and MC were independent predictors for ANM in IBC. HIF‐1α protein level was higher in tumor tissue than in normal tissue. High protein levels of OCN and HIF‐1α are related to the complication of MC in IBC. Of the patients that exhibited high HIF‐1α protein levels, the percentage of high OCN protein levels was larger in patients with ANM.ConclusionBased on this study, we concluded that patients with MC had a comparatively poor prognosis. MC was an independent predictive factor associated with the risk of ANM. High protein levels of OCN and HIF‐1α were associated with MC and ANM, which were also related to poor prognosis. OCN and HIF‐1α had a positive correlation in IBC.
Targeted next‐generation sequencing determined a novel SGCG variant that is associated with limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2C: A case report
Authors: Tran Nam‐Chung , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Ta Thanh Dat , Tran Thinh Huy , Nguyen Phuoc‐Dung , Vu Chi Dung , Nguyen Van‐Hung , Bui The‐Hung , Ta Thanh Van , Tran Van Khanh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLimb‐girdle muscular dystrophy‐type 2C (LGMD2C) is caused by mutations in the SGCG gene. Here, we report a case of a 26‐year‐old male who had inactive walking due to proximal muscle weakness. Targeted next‐generation sequencing found a novel variant c.412C > T (Q138*) in the SGCG gene.
Integration of addiction recovery and professional identities for counselor trainees
Authors: McGrath Andrea M. , DeDiego Amanda C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCounselor trainees in recovery from substance use often have a foundational recovery identity; they also develop a professional counselor identity through their training. This study utilized narrative inquiry to explore the integration of professional identity and recovery identity. Resonant threads and narrative tensions emerged from the storied experiences of participants.
Weighted multivariate curve resolution—Alternating least squares based on sample relevance
Authors: Ahmad Mohamad , Vitale Raffaele , Cocchi Marina , Ruckebusch Cyril 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlternating least squares within the multivariate curve resolution framework has seen a lot of practical applications and shows their distinction with their relatively simple and flexible implementation. However, the limitations of least squares should be carefully considered when deviating from the standard assumed data structure. Within this work, we highlight the effects of noise in the presence of minor components, and we propose a novel weighting scheme within the weighted multivariate curve‐resolution‐alternating least squares framework to resolve it. Two simulated and one Raman imaging case are investigated by comparing the novel methodology against standard multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares and essential spectral pixel selection. A trade‐off is observed between current methods, whereas the novel weighting scheme demonstrates a balance where the benefits of the previous two methods are retained.
Exploring the Lewis Acidity and Reactivity of Neutral Pentacoordinate Dithienophospholes
Authors: Asok Nayanthara , Zondag Benjamen A. , Pradhan Ekadashi , Odagwe Mary , LeBlanc Jesse , Walsh Joshua C. , Bodwell Graham J. , Zeng Tao , Baumgartner Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA series of luminescent, neutral pentacoordinate dithieno[3,2‐b:2’,3’‐d]phosphole compounds was synthesized by [4+1] cycloaddition of o‐quinones with the corresponding trivalent phospholes. The electronic and geometrical modification of the π‐conjugated scaffold implemented here impacts the aggregation behavior of the species in solution. It proved successful in generating species with improved Lewis acidity of the phosphorus center that was then leveraged for small‐molecule activation. Hydride abstraction from an external substrate involving the hypervalent species is followed by an intriguing P‐mediated umpolung from the hydride to a proton and supports the catalytic potential of this class of main‐group Lewis acids for organic chemistry. This study is a comprehensive investigation into various methods, including electronic, chemical, geometric modifications (and sometimes combinations of these approaches) to systematically improve the Lewis acidity of neutral and stable main‐group Lewis acids with practical value for a range of chemical transformations.
Overcoming Energy Transfer for the Metallophotoredox Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkenylation between Alkylcarboxylic Acids and Enol Triflates
Authors: Pedersen Stephan K. , Clementson Sebastian , El‐Chami Kassem , Kristensen Jesper L. , Jessing Mikkel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHerein we report on the decarboxylative alkenylation between alkyl carboxylic acids and enol triflates. The reaction is mediated by a dual catalytic nickel and iridium system, operating under visible light irradiation. Two competing catalytic pathways, from the excited state iridium photocatalyst, are identified. One is energy transfer from the excited state, resulting in formation of an undesired enol ester. The desired pathway involves electron transfer, resulting in decarboxylation to ultimately give the target product. The use of a highly oxidizing iridium photocatalyst is essential to control the reactivity. A diverse array of enol triflates and alkyl carboxylic acids are investigated, providing both scope and limitations of the presented methodology.
“Catch‐Store‐Release” Strategy for the Stabilization of 4,4′‐Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (4,4′‐MDI)
Authors: Dissanayake Asanka I. , Hollingsworth Thilini S. , Madarang Elizabeth , Hamilton Patrick N. , Ward Cassandra L. , Groysman Stanislav 
Published: March 2023

Abstract4,4′‐Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is an industrially crucial compound, being one of the most utilized linkers in the polyurethane industry. However, its long‐term stability is limited due to dimerization to form insoluble uretdione. Herein we demonstrate an organometallic “catch‐store‐release” concept aiming at improving the long‐term chemical stability of MDI. Treatment of MDI with two equivalents of selected N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) forms stable MDI−NHC adducts. Treatment of the adducts with CuCl forms metastable di‐CuI complexes that undergo decomposition to re‐form MDI (up to 85 %), along with Cu−NHC complexes. The yield of re‐formed MDI can be improved (up to 95 %) by the release of the NHC ligands in the form of thiourea; this prevents subsequent MDI dimerization/polymerization by the carbenes. Furthermore, the need to separate MDI from the reaction mixture can be eliminated by the direct reaction of MDI−NHC complexes with alcohols (as models for diols), that form dicarbamate (as a model for polyurethane) quantitatively.
The effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma with presence of extracellular mucin, signet‐ring cells, and/or poorly cohesive cells
Authors: Valkema Maria J , Vos Anne‐Marie , van der Post Rachel S , Ooms Ariadne HAG , Oudijk Lindsey , Eyck Ben M , Lagarde Sjoerd M , Wijnhoven Bas PL , Klarenbeek Bastiaan R , Rosman Camiel , van Lanschot J Jan B , Doukas Michail 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOesophageal adenocarcinomas may show different histopathological patterns, including excessive acellular mucin pools, signet‐ring cells (SRCs), and poorly cohesive cells (PCCs). These components have been suggested to correlate with poor outcomes after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), which might influence patient management. However, these factors have not been studied independently of each other with adjustment for tumour differentiation grade (i.e. the presence of well‐formed glands), which is a possible confounder. We studied the pre‐ and post‐treatment presence of extracellular mucin, SRCs, and/or PCCs in relation to pathological response and prognosis after nCRT in patients with oesophageal or oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma. A total of 325 patients were retrospectively identified from institutional databases of two university hospitals. All patients were scheduled for ChemoRadiotherapy for Oesophageal cancer followed by Surgery Study (CROSS) nCRT and oesophagectomy between 2001 and 2019. Percentages of well‐formed glands, extracellular mucin, SRCs, and PCCs were scored in pre‐treatment biopsies and post‐treatment resection specimens. The association between histopathological factors (≥1 and >10%) and tumour regression grade 3–4 (i.e. >10% residual tumour), overall survival, and disease‐free survival (DFS) was evaluated, adjusted for tumour differentiation grade amongst other clinicopathological variables. In pre‐treatment biopsies, ≥1% extracellular mucin was present in 66 of 325 patients (20%); ≥1% SRCs in 43 of 325 (13%), and ≥1% PCCs in 126 of 325 (39%). We show that pre‐treatment histopathological factors were unrelated to tumour regression grade. Pre‐treatment presence of >10% PCCs was associated with lower DFS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.73, 95% CI 1.19–2.53). Patients with post‐treatment presence of ≥1% SRCs had higher risk of death (HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.10–2.99). In conclusion, pre‐treatment presence of extracellular mucin, SRCs, and/or PCCs is unrelated to pathological response. The presence of these factors should not be an argument to refrain from CROSS. At least 10% PCCs pre‐treatment and any SRCs post‐treatment, irrespective of the tumour differentiation grade, seem indicative of inferior prognosis, but require further validation in larger cohorts.
Understanding and controlling asthma in Latin America: A review of recent research informed by the SCAALA programme
Authors: Cooper Philip J. , Figueiredo Camila A. , Rodriguez Alejandro , dos Santos Leticia Marques , Ribeiro‐Silva Rita C. , Carneiro Valdirene Leao , Costa Gustavo , Magalhães Thiago , dos Santos de Jesus Talita , Rios Raimon , da Silva Hugo Bernardino F. , Costa Ryan , Chico Martha E. , Vaca Maritza , Alcantara‐Neves Neuza , Rodrigues Laura C , Cruz Alvaro A. , Barreto Mauricio L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAsthma is an important health concern in Latin America (LA) where it is associated with variable prevalence and disease burden between countries. High prevalence and morbidity have been observed in some regions, particularly marginalized urban populations. Research over the past 10 years from LA has shown that childhood disease is primarily non‐atopic. The attenuation of atopy may be explained by enhanced immune regulation induced by intense exposures to environmental factors such as childhood infections and poor environmental conditions of the urban poor. Non‐atopic symptoms are associated with environmental and lifestyle factors including poor living conditions, respiratory infections, psychosocial stress, obesity, and a diet of highly processed foods. Ancestry (particularly African) and genetic factors increase asthma risk, and some of these factors may be specific to LA settings. Asthma in LA tends to be poorly controlled and depends on access to health care and medications. There is a need to improve management and access to medication through primary health care. Future research should consider the heterogeneity of asthma to identify relevant endotypes and underlying causes. The outcome of such research will need to focus on implementable strategies relevant to populations living in resource‐poor settings where the disease burden is greatest.
Phase 1b study of pan‐AKT inhibitor vevorisertib alone or with paclitaxel or fulvestrant in PIK3CA/AKT/PTEN‐mutated advanced solid tumors
Authors: Pant Shubham , Hamilton Erika , Ulahannan Susanna V. , Strauss James F. , Braiteh Fadi S. , Huang Mo , Liaw Danny Chih Hsun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn this first‐in‐human phase 1b study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02761694) of advanced solid tumors with PIK3CA/AKT/PTEN mutations, the authors investigated the safety and efficacy of the pan‐AKT inhibitor vevorisertib (MK‐4440; ARQ 751) as monotherapy or with paclitaxel or fulvestrant.MethodsPatients with histologically confirmed, advanced or recurrent, PIK3CA/AKT/PTEN‐mutated solid tumors, measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤1 received vevorisertib (dose range, 5–100 mg) alone or with paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 or fulvestrant 500 mg. The primary end point was safety and tolerability. Secondary end points included pharmacokinetics and the objective response rate according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1.ResultsOf 78 patients enrolled, 58 received vevorisertib monotherapy, 10 received vevorisertib plus paclitaxel, and nine received vevorisertib plus fulvestrant. Dose‐limiting toxicity occurred in three patients (vevorisertib monotherapy, n = 2 [grade 3 pruritic and maculopapular rashes]; vevorisertib plus paclitaxel, n = 1 [grade 1 asthenia]). Across doses, treatment‐related AEs occurred in 46 patients (79%) with vevorisertib monotherapy, in 10 patients (100%) with vevorisertib plus paclitaxel, and in nine patients (100%) with vevorisertib plus fulvestrant; and grade 3 treatment‐related AEs occurred in 13 (22%), 7 (70%), and 3 (33%) patients, respectively. No grade 4/5 treatment‐related AEs occurred. Maximum vevorisertib concentrations were reached 1–4 hours after dosing; the elimination half‐life ranged from 8.8 to 19.3 hours. The objective response rate was 5% with vevorisertib monotherapy (three partial responses), 20% with vevorisertib plus paclitaxel (two partial responses), and 0% with vevorisertib plus fulvestrant.ConclusionsVevorisertib alone or with paclitaxel or fulvestrant had a manageable safety profile, and vevorisertib alone or with paclitaxel had minimal to modest antitumor activity in this patient population with PIK3CA/AKT/PTEN‐mutated advanced solid tumors. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02761694.
Synthesis of 1,2‐Propanediol by Electro‐reduction of Formaldehyde with Oxygen‐enriched Graphene
Authors: Wang Yinyin , Qin Lang , Cao Cong , Geng Zhigang , Zeng Jie , Bao Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe conversion of electrocatalytic small molecules into high value‐added chemicals is a green and sustainable path to reduce energy consumption in traditional industrial production paths. In order to explore the relationship between oxygen function groups in the catalysts and their catalysis behavior, we prepared graphene‐based catalysts with different oxygen densities for formaldehyde reduction reaction by adjusting the content of oxygen‐containing functional groups on the graphene surface. We found that oxygen‐rich graphene (oGO) exhibited the highest activity as well as selectivity for the electroreduction of formaldehyde to 1,2‐propanediol (1,2‐PDO). Compared with graphite sheets and reduced graphene (rGO), the oGO exhibit the highest 1,2‐PDO Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 27.4% with partial current density of 13.7 mA cm−2 at pH 7. In‐situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐IR) confirms that the increased content of oxygen‐containing groups on the catalyst surface promotes the adsorption and enrichment of ⋅H2CO, which in turn facilitates the coupling reaction to form 1,2‐PDO. This work provides a new vision for the catalyst design in the electrochemical conversion reaction from formaldehyde to 1,2‐PDO.
Transcriptome differential display of a drought‐tolerant early flowering spineless mutant of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) and identification of candidate genes
Authors: Karami‐Moalem Samaneh , Ahmadikhah Asadollah , Nemati Zahra , Haghi Reza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the best candidates to face the increasing environmental stresses is safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with natural tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses including drought. In the present study, transcriptome profile of a spineless drought‐tolerant mutant of safflower with early flowering was compared to its spiny wild type. In differential RNA‐Seq analyses more than 400 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in spineless drought‐tolerant mutant. The expression of 8 top DEGs, mostly related to the contrasting traits, was confirmed by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Transcription factors (TFs) followed by protein kinases had the highest frequency among the identified DEGs. TF families involved in the regulation of cell cycle, development, and environmental responses were prevalent in DEGs of spineless drought‐tolerant mutant, including NAC, bHLH, MYB, HD‐ZIP, and ERF. Three Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways with direct or indirect role in cell/tissue development and metabolic processes were enriched for DEGs. Our results suggest that phenotypic differences between the two contrasting genotypes can be governed via regulation of hormone signal transduction/or cell cycle and stress‐related pathways. Several candidate genes for spine formation, early flowering, and drought tolerance were introduced, important instances are ZHD8 and TBL21 (candidates for spininess), three novel transcripts, respectively, encoding a CCT type protein, a MADS‐box TF and a CCA1 (candidates for early flowering), and CAT2, ZAT10, and CAMTA (candidates for drought response). These findings facilitate the isolation of key genes controlling drought‐tolerance, spininess, and early flowering in safflower and can be applied for developing value‐added varieties through genome‐based breeding programs.
A dynamic capabilities perspective on implementing the Circular Transition Indicators: A case study of a multi‐national packaging company
Authors: Walker Anna M. , Simboli Alberto , Vermeulen Walter J. V. , Raggi Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of life cycle‐based assessment has been defined a crucial microfoundation to implement circular business models from a dynamic capabilities perspective. Through a case study of a multi‐national packaging corporation in the plastics sector, the application of an industry‐developed circularity assessment, the Circular Transition Indicators (CTI), is analysed in two manufacturing locations (Italy and China). The aim is to identify how this life cycle‐based assessment can amplify the company's capability to sense, seize and reconfigure its resources. Data were collected from a company placement, interviews, and sustainability reports. The CTI mainly contributed to the sensing microfoundations concerning the company's life cycle‐based perspective and the use of environmental management tools. It also proved to complement existing life cycle‐based approaches because it does not identify sustainability impacts, but only captures material flows. Furthermore, the results showed how the CTI implementation benefitted from existing microfoundations, such as the strategic collaboration with knowledge partners and previously collected sustainability and process efficiency data. Finally, it was also discussed for which microfoundations the CTI results could be most useful: to improve internal resource management processes and to support external circularity pledges. This paper contributes an empirical example to connect dynamic capabilities with life cycle management literature in a circular economy context.
Efficient Electroreduction of Nitrate to Ammonia with CuPd Nanoalloy Catalysts
Authors: Song Zhimin , Qin Lang , Liu Yan , Zhong Yongzhi , Guo Qing , Geng Zhigang , Zeng Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe electroreduction of nitrate (NO3−) to valuable ammonia (NH3) is a green and appealing alternative to the Haber‐Bosch process. Nevertheless, this process suffers from low performance for NH3 due to the sluggish multi‐electron/proton‐involved steps. In this work, a CuPd nanoalloy catalyst was developed toward NO3− electroreduction at ambient conditions. By modulating the atomic ratio of Cu to Pd, the hydrogenation steps of NH3 synthesis during NO3− electroreduction can be effectively controlled. At −0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE), the optimized CuPd electrocatalysts achieved a Faradaic efficiency for NH3 of 95.5 %, which was 1.3 and 1.8 times higher than that of Cu and Pd, respectively. Notably, at −0.9 V vs. RHE, the CuPd electrocatalysts showed a high yield rate of 36.2 mg h−1 cm−2 for NH3 with a corresponding partial current density of −430.6 mA cm−2. Mechanism investigation revealed the enhanced performance originated from the synergistic catalytic cooperation between Cu and Pd sites. The H‐atoms adsorbed on the Pd sites prefer to transfer to adjacent nitrogen intermediates adsorbed on the Cu sites, thereby promoting the hydrogenation of intermediates and the formation of NH3.