bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elfreda Annmary Chatman in the 21st Century
Authors: Mehra Bharat 
Published: June 2023

Elfreda Annmary Chatman (1942-2002) is considered a pioneer library and information science (LIS) scholar for her theory development and ethnographic approach to understand information behaviors of understudied populations (e.g., female inmates, janitors, the elderly, poor people, female retirees, etc.). This article discusses the limited contemporary relevance of her contributions to information science research in the 21st century when subjected to an epistemological assessment from critical theory and social justice imperatives. Progressive scholars operationalize this intersection in terms of action-oriented and socially relevant outcomes achieved via information-related work to extend the LIS professions beyond its historical shackles. They also encourage community-engaged scholarship and community-wide changes via partnering with and providing programs to people on society’s margins. Scrutinizing Chatman’s legacy in terms of these attributes helps extend the discourse and identify its trajectory, especially relevant in the context of today’s political and cultural climate. Some factors that influenced Chatman’s work are traced within an emerging, yet narrow, trajectory and scope of information science research of those times. Select evidence and examples discussed in this narrative illustrate some of these perceived limitations while critiquing Chatman’s contributions and still valuing their significance.
Pre-print first published online 3/28/2021
Re-examining the Socialization of Black Doctoral Students through the Lens of Information Theory
Authors: Franklin Kimberly Y. 
Published: June 2023

The socialization of Black doctoral students has been studied from many theoretical and conceptual standpoints, with the exception of information theory. In this paper, the conceptual and theoretical frameworks of small worlds and the Theory of Normative Behavior developed by information behavior scholar Elfreda Chatman are used to illuminate the information behaviors that are implicit in the socialization of Black doctoral students. Doctoral student socialization is enacted through faculty and peer relationships that communicate the norms, values, and expectations for performance that facilitate academic and social integration in graduate school in preparation for faculty roles in the academy. Despite the importance of socialization for student success, research indicates that Black doctoral students experience racism, isolation, and hostile climates in predominantly white institutions, which jeopardizes their chances for a successful outcome. Through a review of literature about the socialization of Black doctoral students in the United States, viewed through the lens of Elfreda Chatman’s theoretical frameworks, this paper examines doctoral education as a small world characterized by social and cultural norms that facilitate or hinder the socialization of Black doctoral students. Given the absence of an explicit focus on race in Chatman’s research, the salience of race as a context for the experiences and information behaviors of Black doctoral students is discussed. Areas for future research about the socialization of Black doctoral students in library and information studies are also identified.
Pre-print first published online 10/11/2020
Revision of Corynosoma australe Johnston, 1937 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from a North American population using novel SEM images, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, and molecular analysis
Authors: Amin O. M. , Chaudhary A. , Singh H. S. , Kuzmina T. 
Published: June 2023

Summary
We describe a population of the acanthocephalan Corynosoma australe Johnston, 1937 (Polymorphidae) from a California sea lion Zalophus californianus (Lesson, 1828) in California using novel scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, Energy Dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA), and molecular analysis for the first time. The taxonomic history of C. australe is replete with accounts using only line drawings some of which proved erroneous. The distribution of ventral spines on the female trunk has been the primary distinction between C. australe and Corynosoma obtuscens Lincicome, 1943, its junior synonym; being continuous in the latter but discontinuous posteriorly in the former species. The distribution of ventral spines is invariably discontinuous in males. Our redescription and SEM images help to resolve this issue further validating the synonymy. Morphological variability has been documented between our California population and others from various host species in California, South Australia, South Shetlands, and the Argentinian coast. Our SEM images document features not previously detectable in line drawings, erroneously reported or missed in previous accounts. The EDXA spectra show high levels of calcium and phosphorous and low levels of sulfur characteristic of C. australe. EDXA for other species of Corynosoma Lühe, 1904 provide support for the diagnostic distinction of C. australe. EDXA spectra were shown to be species specific and have diagnostic value in the taxonomy of the Acanthocephala. Our molecular analysis used amplification of 18S of ribosomal DNA and cytochrome c oxidase 1 (Cox1) gene. Phylogenetic analyses for Cox1 gene revealed a close relationship between Corynosoma hannae Zdzitowiecki, 1984 and C. australe. The phylogenetic trees confirmed that the isolates belonged to C. australe. The haplotype network inferred by Cox1 with C. australe sequences revealed that haplotypes clearly separated from each other and formed clusters related to samples from the Northern Hemisphere (the USA and Mexico), and the second from the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina, Brazil and Peru).
Prevalence and distribution of urinary schistosomiasis among senior primary school pupils of Siphofaneni area in the low veld of Eswatini: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Maseko T. S. B. , Masuku S. K. S. , Dlamini S. V. , Fan C.-K. 
Published: June 2023

Summary
A cross-sectional survey of Schistosoma haematobium prevalence was conducted among senior primary school pupils of Siphofaneni area, Eswatini. This area is devoid of potable water, with a newly constructed Lubovane dam and an LUSIP irrigation scheme. The objective of the study was to investigate the distribution of urinary schistosomiasis among Siphofaneni senior primary school pupils. Using simple random sampling, 200 partcipants were enroled from four of six schools in the area. Ten millimetres (10 ml) of urine samples were obtained from each participant and examined for S. haematobium eggs. The intensity of the infection was estimated by calculating the total number of S. haematobium eggs present in 10 ml urine. Out of 200 participants, 45% (n = 91) were males, and 55% (n = 109) were females. The mean age for participants was 13 years, and almost half (47%, n = 94) were in Grade 5. Overall, the prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 16% (32/200). More than half (59%, 19/32) of the Schistosomiasis cases were from females. Positive and significant associations were observed between the number of eggs (χ2=170.9) and the presence of red blood cells (χ2=49.2) at p = 0.001. In conclusion, the prevalence of Schistosomiasis is high among pupils enrolled in Siphofaneni area primary schools that needs comprehensive treatment and education to prevent from S. haematobium infection.
Aphelenchoides varicaudatus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) and Helicotylenchus erythrinae (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) from Garlic Plantation in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Maharani R. , Indarti S. , Soffan A. , Hartono S. 
Published: June 2023

Summary
There were two most found genera of plant parasitic nematodes from garlic plantation in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia which suffered losses due to bulb rot, Aphelenchoides and Helicotylenchus. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was conducted using a pair of universal nematode primer (D2A/D3B) to determine the Aphelenchoides and Helicotylenchus species from those host. Both genera were amplified at ~780 bp. The Blast-N results for the Aphelenchoides showed high identity to Aphelenchoides varicaudatus from Yunnan China (HQ283353) with 99.47 % identity, while the Helicotylenchus showed 95.22 % identity to Helicotylenchus erythrinae from Colombia (MT321739). From morphological and molecular data, we confirm that the Aphelenchoides species is A. varicaudatus. Based on female morphological character, Helicotylenchus species refers to H. erythrinae. Which is also supported by its nucleotide alignment which has same region character as H. erythrinae (MT321739). This is the first report of molecular characterization of H. erythrinae in Indonesia.
Ecological study on helminths of three species of Gobiidae from the Danube River, Bulgaria
Authors: Zaharieva R. G. , Zaharieva P. G. , Kirin D. A. 
Published: June 2023

Summary
A total of 72 specimens of Babka gymnotrachelus (Kessler, 1857), Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1814), and Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) from four sampling sites along the Bulgarian section of the Danube River (Kudelin, Novo selo, Koshava, and Kutovo), Northwestern Bulgaria were submitted to ecologohelminthological investigation. During the examination 6 species of helminths have been identified from 3 classes: Trematoda (Nicolla skrjabini (Iwanitzky, 1928) Dollfus, 1960), Acanthocephala (Acanthocephalus anguillae (Müller, 1780) Lühe, 1911; Acanthocephalus lucii (Müller, 1776) Lühe, 1911; Pomphorhynchus laevis (Zoega in Müller, 1776) Porta, 1908) and Nematoda (Contracaecum sp., Eustrongylides excisus Jägerskiöld, 1909). Ecological indices of the established endohelminth species were tracked. The four sampling sites from the Danube River are new habitats for the discovered endohelminth species of racer goby, monkey goby, and round goby. The three goby species are new host records: B. gymnotrachelus and N. fluviatilis for Ac. lucii; N. melanostomus for Ac. lucii, Ac. anguillae and Contracaecum sp. New species of helminths are found in the helminth fauna of the three studied species of gobies from the Danube River and the river basin (Ac. lucii of N. fluviatilis) and in Bulgaria (Ac. lucii of B. gymnotrachelus; Ac. lucii, Ac. anguillae and Contracaecum sp. of N. melanostomus). The pathogenic species helminths for the fish and humans are found.
The prevalence of potentially zoonotic intestinal parasites in dogs and cats in Moscow, Russia
Authors: Kurnosova O. P. , Panova O. A. , Arisov M. V. 
Published: June 2023

Summary
This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Toxocara canis/cati, Strongyloides stercoralis, Giardia spp., and Cryptosporidium spp., which occur and are potentially zoonotic to humans in domestic dogs and cats in Moscow (Russia). The fecal flotation method and larvae detection by microscopy of a direct feces smear were performed to detect Toxocara, Giardia spp., and Cryptosporidium spp. The total parasitic prevalence in dogs was as follows: Giardia spp.: 10.2 % (226/2208), Cryptosporidium spp.: 2.7 % (60/2208), T. canis: 2 % (45/2208), S. stercoralis larvae: 1.1 % (25/2208). The younger animals under were infected more than those over 12 months of age (p<0.001). The preva lence rates were along these lines: Giardia spp. (18.2 %), Cryptosporidium spp. (5.7 %), T.canis (3 %), S. stercoralis larvae (2.3 %). The overall prevalence in cats was as follows: Giardia spp. - 5.2 % (71/1350), Cryptosporidium spp. - 4.8 % (65/1350), T. cati - 4.1 % (56/1350). Similarly to dogs, the infection rates were higher in cats under 12 months of age Giardia spp. (8.2 %), Cryptosporidium spp. (8.6 %), T. cati (7.5 %. Analysis of combined infections in dogs revealed the following combinations: Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. (35.5 %) larvae of S. stercoralis sp. and Giardia spp. (32.3 %), T.canis and Giardia spp. (22.6 %), T.canis and Cryptosporidium spp. (6.6 %), T.canis and S.stercoralis and (3.2 %), respectively. In cats, only two coinfections by Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. (58.3 %), and T.cati with Giardia spp. (41.7 %) were noticed. Further research is needed to study the spread of parasitic diseases in pet animals. The data will improve countermeasures to prevent these diseases’ spread among animals and humans.
Detecting Outliers in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Data of Ski Racers – A Comparison of Methods and their Effect on the Performance of Fatigue Prediction
Authors: Baumgartner N. , Kranzinger C. , Kranzinger S. , Snyder C. , Stöggl T. , Resch B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In sports science, cardiopulmonary data is used to assess exercise intensity, performance and health status of athletes and derive relevant target values. However, sensors may produce flawed data and data may include a wide variety of artifacts, which could potentially lead to false conclusions. Thus, appropriate and customized pre-processing algorithms are a vital prerequisite for producing reliable and valid analysis results. To find adequate outlier detection methods for this type of data, we compared three algorithms by applying them on seven ergospirometric measures of junior ski racing athletes and applied a model to predict fatigue during skiing based on the pre-processed data. While values that lie outside a realistic spectrum were consistently labelled as outliers by all methods, and mean values and standard deviations changed in similar ways, methods differed from each other when it comes to changing trends, recurring patterns, and subsequent outliers. Decomposing the sensor data into different components (trend, seasonality, remainder) before dealing with outliers increased average predictive performance the most. However, pre-processing remarkably improved prediction results for certain study participants and not for others. Thus, handling outliers correctly prior to deriving information from ergospirometric data is recommended but more research should be conducted to find methods that achieve more consistent improvement.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A MATHEMATICAL ENCRYPTION MODEL FOR THE CENTRAL KURDISH FONT BASED ON UNICODE
Authors: Abid Al Jabbar Ziyad H. , Ali Zeravan A. , Taher Hanan A. 
Published: June 2023

This research focuses on the development of encryption algorithms for the Kurdish language, specifically tailored to the Kurdish alphabet. With the rapid growth and digital advancements in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, there is a pressing need for accurate encryption methods that can be applied to Kurdish texts in administration and digital governance. To address this need, a mathematical encryption model is proposed, leveraging the Kurdish central font supported by Microsoft Windows to ensure compatibility between sender and receiver. The model utilizes the Unicode representation of Kurdish letters to calculate offset and mod values accurately. The effectiveness of the proposed model is validated through its implementation using the Caesar cipher method. Computation tasks are performed using Excel, while the encryption system is designed and programmed in C#. Extensive testing of the system with diverse key values demonstrates its high accuracy, achieving a high success rate in encrypting Kurdish texts. This research contributes significantly to the field of encryption for the Kurdish language, providing a scientific framework for further advancements in this area.
A EXPERTISE DO PROFESSOR RUBENS DE CARVALHO NO CONTEXTO DA INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA MATO-GROSSENSE (1923 – 1927)
Authors: Oliveira Leandro , Santos Edilene Costa dos , Pais Luiz Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Esta pesquisa discute a expertise profissional de Rubens de Carvalho, professor normalista paulista contratado pelo governo mato-grossense para conduzir a Escola Normal de Cuiabá, em meados da década de 1920. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica foi baseada em Hofstetter et al., (2017), Hofstetter e Schneuwly (2017), Hofstetter e Schneuwly (2020) e Hofstetter e Valente (2017), em uma perspectiva histórico-social acerca dos saberes do ensino, em razão da mobilização pedagógica promovida pelos experts da docência em provimento da produção e da mobilização de saberes para a instrução primária, especificamente nesta investigação das matemáticas elementares para o ensino primário. As fontes mobilizadas para justificar a expertise profissional do personagem estão sobre os cuidados do Arquivo Público do Mato Grosso (APMT), além de outras que retrataram a trajetória do educador, que foram recuperadas pela Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira. Assim, considerando o aporte referencial adotado, o professor normalista Rubens de Carvalho pode ser considerado um expert do ensino e da matemática elementar do mesmo segmento instrucional, pois, conforme analisamos, o Estado o contratou para resolver problemas da instrução, e, ao fazê-lo, o professor produziu saberes que foram sistematizados em Atas de Relatórios, no Programa de Ensino de 1924 e no Regulamento de Ensino de 1927.
Comparative Analysis of Various Ensemble Algorithms for Computer Malware Prediction
Authors: Yusuf Bayu Wicaksono  , Christina Juliane  
Published: June 2023

By 2022 it is estimated that 29 billion devices have been connected to the internet so that cybercrime will become a major threat. One of the most common forms of cybercrime is infection with malicious software (malware) designed to harm end users. Microsoft has the highest number of vulnerabilities among software companies, with the Microsoft operating system (Windows) contributing to the largest vulnerabilities at 68.85%. Malware infection research is mostly done when malware has infected a user's device. This study uses the opposite approach, which is to predict the potential for malware infection on the user's device before the infection occurs. Similar studies still use single algorithms, while this study uses ensemble algorithms that are more resistant to bias-variance trade-off. This study builds models from data on computer features that affect the possibility of malware infection on computer devices with Microsoft Windows operating system using ensemble algoritms, such as Bagging Classifier, Random Forest, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, Extreme Gradient Boosting Machine, Category Boosting, and Stacking Classifier. The best model is Stacking Classifier, which is a combination of Light Gradient Boosting Machine and Category Boosting Classifier, with training and test results of 0.70665 and 0.64694. Important features have also been identified as a reference for taking policies to protect user devices from malware infections.
Respon Rumah Tangga Petani Terhadap Ancaman Perubahan Ekologi:
Authors: Arrasyiida Raihani Alfiatush 
Published: June 2023

Rumah tangga petani di kawasan banjir mengalami kerugian dan terhambatnya pendapatan disebabkan terendamnya lahan pertanian oleh banjir sehingga menimbulkan kerentanan pada sistem nafkah. Rumah tangga melakukan berbagai strategi nafkah serta memanfaatkan sumber-sumber nafkah yang tersedia agar dapat bertahan dan segera pulih dari krisis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis struktur nafkah, strategi nafkah dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tercapainya resiliensi nafkah rumah tangga petani di kawasan banjir. Studi dilakukan di Desa Sumberurip, Kecamatan Pebayuran, Kabupaten Bekasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang didukung dengan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner untuk data kuantitatif dan wawancara mendalam untuk data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi resiliensi rumah tangga petani di kawasan banjir adalah persentase pendapatan pertanian sawah terhadap total pendapatan rumah tangga, jumlah sumber pendapatan rumah tangga, jumlah organisasi/lembaga yang diikuti rumah tangga, dan jumlah kegagalan menghadapi krisis.
Fauna and Virological Investigation of Mosquitoes in Urban Parks in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Heinisch Marta R. , Medeiros-Sousa Antônio R. , Andrade Pâmela S. , Urbinatti Paulo R. , Almeida Rosa M. M. S. , Lima-Camara Tamara N. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The mosquito fauna in urban parks in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, was investigated and compared for richness and diversity, and the abundance of each species was associated with climatic variables. Simultaneously, a virological investigation was performed to test the presence of Flavivirus and Alphavirus. Aspirations of adult mosquitoes were conducted in 3 urban parks for 3 consecutive weeks of each season between October 2018 and January 2020. A total of 2,388 mosquitoes were identified, with Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. nigripalpus, and Aedes aegypti being the most abundant species. Mosquito assemblages showed similar richness and diversity, showing variability in individual results. Temperatures and Ae. aegypti abundance correlated significantly in one of the parks investigated herein. Urban parks represent areas of shelter and refuge for both anthropophilic and opportunistic species, such as Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti, as well as species that still need moderately preserved environments to develop.
Potential Use of Clove Oil Diluted in VCO On Contaminated Wound Healing
Authors: Primandaru Nibras Wiyasa , Maulana Andi Muh. , Romdhoni Muhammad Fadhol , Riyanto Refni 
Published: June 2023

Essential oils, including clove oil, has been used broadly through human civilization due to its multiple benefits, including its utilization as natural antiseptics. In spite of its benefits, clove oil can cause irritation if applied neat to the skin, thus a carrier oil is needed for topical application of clove oil. Clove oil together with virgin coconut oil as a carrier, has potential synergic benefit if applied on contaminated wounds due to its enhanced antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of topical application of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) oil diluted in Virgin Coconut Oil on contaminated wound. This study was a quasi-experimental research with post-test only control group design. Clove oil that had been diluted in VCO was applied on contaminated excisional wound in white male rat wistar strain once daily. The wound was inflicted using unsterilized scalpel. The wound was then left exposed to the environment without any dressing and the healing process was then evaluated by measuring the wound area percentage once every four days for sixteen days. Friedman analysis used in this study showed a significant result (p<0,001) and Concentration of 5% clove oil diluted in VCO was found to be the most effective concentration based on the measurement of wound area percentage on the last day of measurement. This study concludes that the topical application of clove oil diluted in VCO showed a significant difference in wound healing process.