bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitroreciprocal interactions between yeasts from human cutaneous mycobiota and parabens used in cosmetics
Authors: Benlaassri Mohammed , Ecale Florine , Crepin Alexandre , Rodier Marie-Helene , Venisse Nicolas , Cateau Estelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractParabens are substances with antifungal and antibacterial properties, suspected to be endocrine disruptors and widely used as preservatives in cosmetics. In this case, exposure to these compounds is mainly dermal and interactions may occur with skin components including cutaneous mycobiota. In this work, we have explored the in vitro reciprocal interactions between three parabens (methylparaben, ethylparaben, and propylparaben) and yeasts from the human cutaneous mycobiota (Candida parapsilosis, Cryptococcus uniguttulatus, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) by studying the effect of these parabens on fungal growth and the fungal ability to metabolize the tested compounds. Our results showed that, at the tested concentrations, the growth of three strains of C. parapsilosis was not influenced by the presence of parabens. Whereas, using the same parabens concentrations, growth of C. uniguttulatus and R. mucilaginosa was completely inhibited by ethylparaben since the first day of contact, whereas these same fungi were not sensitive to the two other parabens, even after seven days of incubation. The presence of a lamellar wall in these basidiomycete fungi as well as the physico-chemical properties of ethylparaben could explain this selective inhibition. Additionally, C. parapsilosis and R. mucilaginosa degraded 90% to 100% of propylparaben after seven days of incubation but had no effect on the other tested parabens. Thus, their enzymes seem to only degrade long chain parabens. In the same conditions, C. uniguttulatus did not degrade any paraben. This inability may be due to the absence of fungal enzymes able to degrade parabens or to the possible inaccessibility of intracellular enzymes due to the polysaccharide capsule. Our work has shown that parabens can act differently from one fungus to another within the cutaneous mycobiota. These preliminary results have evidenced that in vitro parabens, contained in cosmetic products, could be involved in the occurrence of a state of dysbiosis. The tested yeasts from the cutaneous mycobiota can also be involved in the degradation of parabens and thereby reduce, according to the produced metabolites and their activities, the risk of endocrine disruption they can induce.
Genomic prediction of switchgrass winter survivorship across diverse lowland populations
Authors: Tilhou Neal W , Poudel Hari P , Lovell John , Mamidi Sujan , Schmutz Jeremy , Daum Christopher , Zane Matthew , Yoshinaga Yuko , Lipzen Anna , Casler Michael D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the North-Central United States, lowland ecotype switchgrass can increase yield by up to 50% compared with locally adapted but early flowering cultivars. However, lowland ecotypes are not winter tolerant. The mechanism for winter damage is unknown but previously has been associated with late flowering time. This study investigated heading date (measured for two years) and winter survivorship (measured for three years) in a multi-generation population generated from two winter-hardy lowland individuals and diverse southern lowland populations. Sequencing data (311,776 markers) from 1,306 individuals were used to evaluate genome-wide trait prediction through cross-validation and progeny prediction (n = 52). Genetic variance for heading date and winter survivorship was additive with high narrow-sense heritability (0.64 and 0.71, respectively) and reliability (0.68 and 0.76, respectively). The initial negative correlation between winter survivorship and heading date degraded across generations (F1 r = −0.43, pseudo-F2 r = −0.28, pseudo-F2 progeny r = −0.15). Within-family predictive ability was moderately high for heading date and winter survivorship (0.53 and 0.52, respectively). A multi-trait model did not improve predictive ability for either trait. Progeny predictive ability was 0.71 for winter survivorship and 0.53 for heading date. These results suggest that lowland ecotype populations can obtain sufficient survival rates in the northern United States with two or three cycles of effective selection. Despite accurate genomic prediction, naturally occurring winter mortality successfully isolated winter tolerant genotypes and appears to be an efficient method to develop high-yielding, cold-tolerant switchgrass cultivars.
CRISPR-screen identifies ZIP9 and dysregulated Zn2+ homeostasis as a cause of cancer-associated changes in glycosylation
Authors: Rømer Troels Boldt , Khoder-Agha Fawzi , Aasted Mikkel Koed Møller , de Haan Noortje , Horn Sabrina , Dylander August , Zhang Tao , Pallesen Emil Marek Heymans , Dabelsteen Sally , Wuhrer Manfred , Høgsbro Christine Flodgaard , Thomsen Emil Aagaard , Mikkelsen Jacob Giehm , Wandall Hans H 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn epithelial cancers, truncated O-glycans, such as the Thomson-nouveau antigen (Tn) and its sialylated form (STn), are upregulated on the cell surface and associated with poor prognosis and immunological escape. Recent studies have shown that these carbohydrate epitopes facilitate cancer development and can be targeted therapeutically; however, the mechanism underpinning their expression remains unclear.MethodsTo identify genes directly influencing the expression of cancer-associated O-glycans, we conducted an unbiased, positive-selection, whole-genome CRISPR knockout-screen using monoclonal antibodies against Tn and STn.Results and ConclusionsWe show that knockout of the Zn2+-transporter SLC39A9 (ZIP9), alongside the well-described targets C1GALT1 (C1GalT1) and its molecular chaperone, C1GALT1C1 (COSMC), results in surface-expression of cancer-associated O-glycans. No other gene perturbations were found to reliably induce O-glycan truncation. We furthermore show that ZIP9 knockout affects N-linked glycosylation, resulting in upregulation of oligo-mannose, hybrid-type, and α2,6-sialylated structures as well as downregulation of tri- and tetra-antennary structures. Finally, we demonstrate that accumulation of Zn2+ in the secretory pathway coincides with cell-surface presentation of truncated O-glycans in cancer tissue, and that over-expression of COSMC mitigates such changes. Collectively, the findings show that dysregulation of ZIP9 and Zn2+ induces cancer-like glycosylation on the cell surface by affecting the glycosylation machinery.
Stress, relational turbulence, and communal coping during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jones Hannah E , Theiss Jennifer A , Yoon Deborah B 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study examined how increased stress during the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to relational turbulence and undermined dyadic coping. Using longitudinal data, this study also explored how enacting communal coping mitigates stress and conditions of relational turbulence over time. A sample of 151 U.S. dyads (302 individuals) completed online surveys about their relationship once per week for four weeks during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Consistent with hypotheses, stress was positively associated with the relationship conditions that give rise to relational turbulence and heightened relational turbulence was negatively associated with communal coping. Longitudinal analyses revealed that communal coping enacted in one week was associated with decreased stress and improved relationship quality in subsequent weeks. The findings are discussed in terms of their practical implications and contributions to theory.
Survival outcome of upfront surgery for clinical single-station N2 non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Hayakawa Takamitsu , Isaka Mitsuhiro , Konno Hayato , Mizuno Tetsuya , Kawata Takuya , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Takahashi Toshiaki , Ohde Yasuhisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Pathological N2 (pN2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is diverse; its treatment depends on the clinical N (cN) status. We aimed to determine the efficacy of upfront surgery for cN2pN2 NSCLC.

Methods
The study included 43 cN2pN2 NSCLC patients who underwent upfront surgery at the Shizuoka Cancer Center between 2002 and 2017. Survival outcome, focusing on cN2 status, was retrospectively investigated. Mediastinal lymph nodes were pre-operatively evaluated using computed tomography and positron emission tomography. Surgical eligibility criteria included single-station cN2. N2 with N1 and skip N2 were defined as N2 with and without ipsilateral hilar lymph node metastasis, respectively. A platinum-doublet regimen was used for adjuvant chemotherapy. Survival curves were analysed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.

Results
Clinical-skip N2 and cN2 with N1 cases included 22 and 21 patients, respectively. Twenty-three patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median follow-up duration was 73 months. Clinical-skip N2 had a significantly better 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) than cN2 with N1 (58.3 vs 28.6%, P = 0.038) and was an independent favorable RFS predictor. Recurrence within 18 months occurred in 71% of cN2 with N1 cases. Five-year overall survival and RFS rates in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy vs those without adjuvant chemotherapy were 82.2 vs 41.9% (P = 0.019) and 56.5 vs 28.0% (P = 0.049), respectively.

Conclusions
Clinical-skip N2 had an excellent prognosis, and upfront surgery was acceptable. Conversely, upfront surgery followed by chemotherapy is not recommended for cN2 with N1 patients because of early recurrence.
Metabolically (un)healthy obesity and risk of obesity-related cancers: a pooled study
Authors: Sun Ming , Fritz Josef , Häggström Christel , Bjørge Tone , Nagel Gabriele , Manjer Jonas , Engeland Anders , Zitt Emanuel , van Guelpen Bethany , Stattin Pär , Ulmer Hanno , Stocks Tanja 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudies of obesity with or without metabolic aberrations, commonly termed metabolically unhealthy or healthy obesity, in relation to cancer risk are scarce.MethodsWe investigated body mass index (normal weight, overweight, obesity) jointly and in interaction with metabolic health status in relation to obesity-related cancer risk (n = 23 630) among 797 193 European individuals. A metabolic score comprising mid-blood pressure, plasma glucose, and triglycerides was used to define metabolically healthy and unhealthy status. Hazard ratios (HRs) and multiplicative interactions were assessed using Cox regression, and additive interactions were assessed using the relative excess risk for interaction. All statistical tests were 2-sided.ResultsMetabolically unhealthy obesity, with a baseline prevalence of 7%, was, compared with metabolically healthy normal weight, associated with an increased relative risk of any obesity-related cancer and of colon, rectal, pancreas, endometrial, liver, gallbladder, and renal cell cancer (P &lt; .05), with the highest risk estimates for endometrial, liver, and renal cell cancer (HR = 2.55-3.00). Metabolically healthy obesity showed a higher relative risk for any obesity-related cancer and colon (in men), endometrial, renal cell, liver, and gallbladder cancer, though the risk relationships were weaker. There were no multiplicative interactions, but there were additive, positive interactions between body mass index and metabolic health status on obesity-related and rectal cancer among men and on endometrial cancer (P &lt; .05).ConclusionsThis study highlights that the type of metabolic obesity phenotype is important when assessing obesity-related cancer risk. In general, metabolic aberrations further increased the obesity-induced cancer risk, suggesting that obesity and metabolic aberrations are useful targets for prevention.
Rage and the Machines? Force Mechanization and Violence against Civilians
Authors: Mehrl Marius 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There is an ongoing discussion regarding the role of mechanized forces in counterinsurgency warfare. Proponents note that they boost counterinsurgents’ ability to fight while critics point out that they diminish their ability to gather information. This note adds to this discussion by focusing on violence against civilians, an outcome that theory suggests should be affected by mechanization via both of these channels. Results from quantitative analyses employing new data on mechanization and covering the period 1989–2016 indicate that mechanization is unrelated to the number of civilians killed by government forces but positively associated with that killed by rebels. These results are in line with the idea that mechanization increases counterinsurgents’ fighting but decreases their information-gathering abilities. By offering quantitative evidence that mechanized forces have a place in modern counterinsurgency, these results contribute to both academics’ and practitioners’ understanding of armed intrastate conflict.
Exogenous RNAs: promising tools for the second green revolution
Authors: Rodríguez Melo Johan , Mammarella Florencia , Ariel Federico 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe impending need for increasing amounts of food for the world population poses enormous challenges to agriculture. Moreover, global warming has exacerbated abiotic and biotic stresses, accelerating the emergence of new pests and pathogens which threatens crop productivity. Therefore, the scientific community urgently needs to develop innovative solutions for sustainable agriculture, notably replacing synthetic pesticides by active and highly specific biomolecules for pest control. In this context, RNA-based technologies emerge as an outstanding genetically modified organism-free approach offering versatile solutions to boost productivity while conserving and harnessing the wide variety of local landraces. Here we review recent advances in the field, including RNA synthesis approaches and the development of the nanotechnology required for RNA stabilization and delivery, and we discuss the potential of RNA as the key molecule for versatile applications in the second green revolution.
Unbinned likelihood analysis for X-ray polarization
Authors: González-Caniulef Denis , Caiazzo Ilaria , Heyl Jeremy 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a systematic study of the unbinned, photon-by-photon likelihood technique which can be used as an alternative method to analyse phase-dependent, X-ray spectro-polarimetric observations obtained with IXPE and other photoelectric polarimeters. We apply the unbinned technique to models of the luminous X-ray pulsar Hercules X-1, for which we produce simulated observations using the ixpeobssim package. We consider minimal knowledge about the actual physical process responsible for the polarized emission from the accreting pulsar and assume that the observed phase-dependent polarization angle can be described by the rotating vector model. Using the unbinned technique, the detector’s modulation factor, and the polarization information alone, we found that both the rotating vector model and the underlying spectro-polarimetry model can reconstruct equally well the geometric configuration angles of the accreting pulsar. However, the measured polarization fraction becomes biased with respect to the underlying model unless the energy dispersion and effective area of the detector are also taken into account. To this end, we present an energy-dispersed likelihood estimator that is proved to be unbiased. For different analyses, we obtain posterior distributions from multiple ixpeobssim realizations and show that the unbinned technique yields $\sim 10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ smaller error bars than the binned technique. We also discuss alternative sources, such as magnetars, in which the unbinned technique and the rotating vector model might be applied.
The cosmic radio background from 150 MHz to 8.4 GHz and its division into AGN and star-forming galaxy flux
Authors: Tompkins Scott A , Driver Simon P , Robotham Aaron S G , Windhorst Rogier A , Lagos Claudia del P , Vernstrom T , Hopkins Andrew M 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a revised measurement of the extragalactic background light (EBL) at radio frequencies based on a near complete compendium of radio source counts. We present the radio-EBL at 150 MHz, 325 MHz, 610 MHz, 1.4 GHz, 3 GHz, 5 GHz, and 8.4 GHz. In all cases the contribution to the radio-EBL, per decade of flux, exhibits a two-humped distribution well matched to the active galactic nucleus (AGN) and star-forming galaxy (SFG) populations, and with each population contributing roughly equal energy. Only at 3 GHz are the source count contributions to the EBL fully convergent, and hence we report empirical lower limits to the radio-EBL in the remaining bands. Adopting predictions from the SHARK semi-analytic model for the form of the SFG population, we can fit the fainter source counts providing measurements of the total contribution to the radio-EBL for the SFG and the AGN populations separately. This constitutes an empirically constrained model-dependent measurement for the SFG contribution, but a fully empirical measurement of the AGN contribution. Using the ProSpect spectral energy distribution code we can model the ultraviolet-optical-infrared-mm-radio SFG EBL at all frequencies from the cosmic star-formation history and the adoption of a Chabrier initial mass function. However, significant discrepancy remains (5 ×) between our source-count estimates of the radio-EBL and the direct measurements reported from the Absolute Radiometer for Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Diffuse Emission-2 (ARCADE-2) experiment. We can rule out a significant missing discrete source radio population and suggest that the cause of the high ARCADE-2 radio-EBL values may need to be sought either in the foreground subtraction or as a yet unknown diffuse component in the radio sky.
The impact of acute kidney injury with or without recovery on long-term kidney outcome in patients undergoing living liver transplantation
Authors: Chiu Ping-Fang , Lin Pei-Ru , Tsai Chun-Chieh , Hsieh Yao-Peng 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with an increased incidence of poor liver graft and renal outcomes in patients who have undergone liver transplantation (LT). To date, no comprehensive study has compared patients with and without post-LT AKI and analyzed patients who recovered from AKI versus those who did not.

Methods
Patients who received living LT between January 2003 and January 2019 were enrolled. We diagnosed and classified AKI patients based on AKI-KDIGO guidelines by increment of creatinine after surgery when compared with serum creatinine on the day of surgery. The recovered AKI subgroup included recipients whose estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) recovered more than 90% of baseline eGFR within 90 days after surgery. The risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD; eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2) was investigated.

Results
A total of 392 patients, 77.3% men and mean ± standard deviation age 54.1 ± 8.4 years, met the eligible criteria and were divided into two groups (AKI vs non-AKI) and 243 (62%) patients developed AKI within 7 days after surgery. Compared with the non-AKI group, the AKI group was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.55 (95% CI 1.12–2.14) for the risk of incident CKD. Among AKI patients, 160 (65.8%) patients recovered renal function and 83 (34.2%) patients did not. Compared with the non-AKI group, the AKI non-recovery group was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.87 (95% CI 1.95–4.21) for the risk of incident CKD, while the AKI recovery group had no significant difference in the adjusted risk of incident CKD.

Conclusions
Post-LT AKI is associated with subsequent risk of CKD development. Taking into account recovery status, AKI was no longer associated with a higher risk of CKD if renal function recovered within 90 days after surgery. Identification and implementation of targeted and individualized therapies for patients at risk for AKI, particularly non-recovery AKI, is of paramount importance to reduce incident CKD during follow-up.
Pathological spectrum of hereditary transthyretin renal amyloidosis and clinicopathologic correlation: a French observational study
Authors: Dang Julien , Ferlicot Sophie , Misrahi Micheline , Mussini Charlotte , Kounis Ilias , Rémy Philippe , Samuel Didier , Planté-Bordeneuve Violaine , Adams David , Funalot Benoit , Snanoudj Renaud , Damy Thibaud , Moktefi Anissa , Audard Vincent , Zaidan Mohamad 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Cardiac and neurological involvements are the main clinical features of hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis. Few data are available about ATTRv amyloid nephropathy (ATTRvN).

Methods
We retrospectively included 30 patients with biopsy-proven ATTRvN [V30M (26/30) including two domino liver recipients, S77Y (2/30), V122I (1/30) and S50R (1/30) variants] from two French reference centers. We described the pathological features by comparing amyloid deposits distribution to patients with AL or AA amyloidosis, and sought to determine clinicopathological correlation with known disease-modifying factors such as TTR variant, gender and age at diagnosis.

Results
In comparison with AL and AA amyloidosis, ATTRv patients had similar glomerular, arteriolar and arterial amyloid deposits, but more cortical and medullary tubulointerstitial (33%, 44%, 77%, P = .03) involvement. While the presence of glomerular deposits is associated with the range of proteinuria, some patients with abundant glomerular ATTRv amyloidosis had no significant proteinuria. V30M patients had more glomerular (100% and 25%, odds ratio = 114, 95% confidence interval 3.85–3395.00, P = .001) deposits, and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate [50 (interquartile range 44–82) and 27 (interquartile range 6–31) mL/min/1.73 m², P = .004] than non-V30M patients. We did not find difference in amyloid deposition according to gender or age at diagnosis.

Conclusion
ATTRvN affects all kidney compartments, but compared with AL/AA amyloidosis, ATTRvN seems to involve more frequently tubulointerstitial areas. V30M patients represents the dominant face of the disease with a higher risk of glomerular/arteriolar involvement. ATTRvN should thus be considered in patients, and potential relatives, with ATTRv amyloidosis and kidney dysfunction, regardless of proteinuria level.