bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediating effect of cumulative lipid profile burden on the effect of diet and obesity on hypertension incidence: a cohort study of people aged 35-65 in rural China
Authors: Zhang ting , Wang qi , Cui xiao mei , Zhang yu ying , Guo fang xi , Wu qing feng , Dong ming hua , Luo xiao ting 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cumulative lipid profile burden is designed to dynamically measure lipid accumulation, and its effect on hypertension has been poorly studied. Our main purpose was to investigate the effect of cumulative lipid profile burden on the incidence of essential hypertension (EH) and. Secondly, to investigate whether there is a mediating role of cumulative lipid burden in the pathogenesis of the effects of diet and obesity on EH. A total of 1 295 participants were included in the study, which began in 2017. The average follow-up time was 2.98 years. A total of 240 EH patients occurred during the follow-up period. Compared with respective reference groups, the HR (95% CI) of the highest quartile in cumulative TC, TG and HDL burden were 1.747 (1.145 - 2.664), 1.502 (1.038 - 2.173), 0.615 (0.413 - 0.917) for incidence of EH. Participants with EH consumed more red meat and refined grains, and red meat was positively associated with cumulative TC burden . BMI and Waist-To-Height Ratio (WHtR) increased the incidence of EH, and obesity was positively correlated with cumulative TC burden. cumulative TC burden play a partially mediating role in the influence of obesity on EH (βindirect=0.0085, 95%CI: 0.0035, 0.1520). The cumulation TG, TC burden increased the risk of EH, while the cumulation HDL reduced the risk of EH. cumulative TG burden play a partially mediating role in the influence of obesity on EH. Diet was not found to influence hypertension through cumulative lipid profile burden.
Show don’t tell: assessing the impact of co-developed patient information videos in paediatric uveitis
Authors: Khalil Rana , Kellett Salomey , Petrushkin Harry , Twomey Christine , Rahi Jugnoo , Solebo Ameenat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives: There is a paucity of online educational content targeting children and young people with uveitis. We evaluated the impact of a co-designed patient education video on subjective and objective understanding of childhood uveitis.
Subjects/Methods: Co-designed patient education media were produced in collaboration with the Childhood Uveitis Studies steering group and the Great Ormond Street Hospital Generation R Young People’s Advisory Group, and narrated by children. Patients managed within the Uveitis service at GOSH were invited to take part in a pre-post survey, undertaken immediately prior to and following viewing of a patient education video.
Results: Forty-three patients participated. These were stratified according to age, duration of disease, and treatment type for analysis. Self-rated knowledge improved across all groups (p=0.001), particularly in those with a new diagnosis of uveitis (Z= -8.124, p <0.001). Objective knowledge scores improved across all questions, especially in younger children, those with new disease, and those on steroid only treatment (Z= -3.847, p <0.001, Z= -3.975, p <0.001, Z= -3.448, p <0.001; respectively). Most participants reported the videos to be easy to understand and with the right amount of information. All stated that they learned something new.
Conclusions: Patient understanding of disease and treatment is crucial to achieving the best possible outcomes for this chronic, relapsing remitting and potentially blinding disorder. Our findings show the potential value of co-designed patient information videos, particularly benefitting younger patients and those with recently diagnosed disease as in our study. We suggest that other clinical teams could collaborate fruitfully with patient groups to develop similar videos and target possible misinformation, to potentially improve patient outcomes.
An immunochromatographic strip sensor for Marbofloxacin residues
Authors: Yang Xingdong , Li Qingmei , Kwee Sharon , Yang Jifei , Zhang Qianqian , Zheng Meimei , Ge Mengjun , Yao Yingying , Tang Taizheng , Hu Xiaofei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Marbofloxacin (MBF) was once widely used as a veterinary drug to control diseases in animals. MBF residues in animal food endanger human health. In the present study, an immunochromatographic strip assay (ICSA) utilizing a competitive principle was developed to rapidly detect MBF in beef samples. The values of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and the limit of detection (LOD) of the ICSAs were 2.48 ng/mL and 0.54 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery rates of MBF in spiked beef samples were from 83.1–91.0%. The coefficients of variation (CV) for intra-assay and inter-assay were below 10%. In addition, when the same authentic beef samples were detected in a side by side comparison between the ICSAs and HPLC-MS, there was no statistically significant difference. Therefore, the proposed ICSAs can be a useful tool for both qualitative and quantitative monitoring of MBF residues in beef samples.
PPARγ/ETV2 Axis Regulates Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lee Dong Hun , Chang Sarah S. , Kim Minseong , Lee Raham , Jang Andrew J. , Kim Juyoung , Ma Jing , Passineau Michael J. , Benza Raymond L. , Karmouty-Quintana Harry , Lam Wilbur A. , Sutliff Roy L. , Hart C. Michael , Park Changwon , Kang Bum-Yong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) plays an important role in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Also, the molecular mechanisms regulating EndoMT in PH remain to be defined. In this study, we first showed that reduced expression of the transcription factors ETV2 (ETS variant 2) and PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma) along with reduced endothelial markers and increased EndoMT markers were consistently observed in lungs and pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, in hypoxia-exposed mouse lungs, human PAECs, and in induced EndoMT cells. Base on this observation, we aimed to investigate the function of ETV2 and PPARγ in EndoMT. We have explored the function of ETV2 and PPARγ and its mechanism in PH using in Etv2+/− mice or PPARγ KO mice. Etv2+/− mice spontaneously developed PH and right ventricular hypertrophy, associated with increased EndoMT markers and decreased EC markers. PPARγ transcriptionally activated the ETV2 promoter. Endothelial PPARγ expression in mice is positively correlated with ETV2 expression, but inversely with EndoMT markers. Overexpression of ETV2 in hypoxia-exposed rat pulmonary artery led to vascular relaxation. We conclude that PPARγ-ETV2 signaling can function as a novel pathway in PH pathogenesis by attenuating EndoMT.
Metrics of Care and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Pharmacoinvasive Strategy: A Decade-long Network in a Populous City in Brazil
Authors: Moraes Pedro Ivo De Marqui , Galhardo Attilio , Barbosa Adriano Henrique Pereira , de Sousa Jose Marconi Almeida , Alves Claudia Maria Rodrigues , Bianco Henrique Tria , Povoa Rui Manuel dos Santos , Stefanini Edson , Goncalves Iran , de Almeida Dirceu Rodrigues , Fonseca Francisco Antonio Helfenstein , Izar Maria Cristina de Oliveira , Moises Valdir Ambrosio , Lopes Renato Delascio , Carvalho Antonio Carlos , Caixeta Adriano 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Pharmacoinvasive strategy is an effective myocardial reperfusion therapy when primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI) cannot be performed in a timely manner.
Methods: Authors sought to evaluate metrics of care and cardiovascular outcomes in a decade-long registry of a pharmacoinvasive strategy network for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Data from a local network including patients undergoing fibrinolysis in county hospitals and systematically transferred to the tertiary center were accessed from March 2010 to September 2020. Numerical variables were described as median and interquartile range. Area under the curve (AUC-ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of TIMI and GRACE scores for in-hospital mortality.
Results: A total of 2,710 consecutive STEMI patients aged 59 [51-66] years, 815 women (30.1%) and 837 diabetics (30.9%) were analyzed. The time from symptom onset to first-medical-contact was 120 [60-210] minutes and the door-to-needle time was 70 [43-115] minutes. Rescue-PCI was required in 929 patients (34.3%), in whom the fibrinolytic-catheterization time was 7.2 [4.9-11.8] hours, compared to 15.7 [6.8-22,7] hours in those who had successful lytic reperfusion. All cause in-hospital mortality occurred in 151 (5.6%) patients, reinfarction in 47 (1.7%) and ischemic stroke in 33 (1.2%). Major bleeding occurred in 73 (2.7%) patients, including 19 (0.7%) cases of intracranial bleeding. C-statistic confirmed that both scores had high predictive values for in-hospital mortality, demonstrated by TIMI AUC-ROC of 0.80 [0,77-0.84] and GRACE AUC-ROC of 0.86 [0.83 - 0.89].
Conclusion: In a real world registry of a decade-long network for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction based on the pharmacoinvasive strategy, low rates of in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were observed, despite prolonged time metrics for both fibrinolytic therapy and rescue-PCI. Register Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02090712 date of first registration 18/03/2014.
Integrating ecosystem services and complex network theory to construct and optimize ecological security patterns: a case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China
Authors: Zhang Yilei , Cao Yarong , Huang Yuting , Wu Juanyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The urban agglomerations' rapid expansion and population growth have led to the fragmentation of landscape patterns and the degradation of ecosystems, seriously threatening regional ecological security. Ecological security pattern (ESP) is a spatial planning approach to effectively balance the development of urbanization and ecological protection. However, previous studies have ignored the difference in the importance of ecosystem services and the spatial compactness of ecological sources. The quantitative management objectives for optimizing ESP are also rarely addressed. In this study, taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) as an example, ecological sources were identified by simulating multiple ES weight assignment scenarios through GeoSOS area optimization. Ecological corridors and strategic points were extracted by LinkageMapper. The robustness analysis based on complex network theory was performed to quantify the management objectives of ESPs. The results showed that ESPs include 26,130.61km2 ecological sources (accounting for 46.6% of the total area of GBA), 557 ecological corridors, and 112 ecological strategic points. In more detail, ecological sources are mainly distributed in the western and eastern mountainous areas, and ecological corridors primarily link peripheral edge areas of GBA in a circular radial shape. Compared with the current nature reserves, the identified ecological source areas are more compact in landscape pattern and can provide a higher level of integrated ecosystem services. According to the robustness analysis, at least 23% of the important ecological sources should be strictly restricted from development activities to maintain the ESP's ability to resist ecological risks. This study also proposed corresponding differentiated ESPs management strategies. By optimizing the existing ESPs identification method and clarifying the ESPs management objectives, this study provides a completely scientific framework for the construction and optimal management of ESPs in urban agglomerations.
Long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastic fibers depends on their shapes
Authors: Xiao Shuolin , Cui Yuanfeng , Brahney Janice , Mahowald Natalie , Li Qi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the atmosphere in the long-range transport of microplastic fibers (MPFs). However, both dry deposition processes and sources of MPFs are poorly understood due to their complexity in size and shape, which can be 100s $\mu m$ long, possessing round or flat cross-sections with dimensions of $O(1)\,\mu m$ thickness, and $O(10)\,\mu m$ width. Here, we develop a theory-based settling velocity model for MPFs in the atmosphere, predicting a much smaller aerodynamic size than a volumetrically equivalent spherical particle. Incorrect identification of flat fibers as cylindrical ones due to uncertainty in the thickness of sampled MPFs overestimates their dry deposition rate. Accounting for fiber thickness in sampled MPFs leads to a mean residence-time enhancement above $450\%$ compared to spherical-shaped particles, suggesting a much more efficient long-range transport of flat fibers than previously thought and that the ocean might be a major source of atmospheric plastics.
Inflammasome mediated neuronal-microglial crosstalk: a therapeutic substrate of the familial C9orf72 variant of frontotemporal dementia/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Trageser Kyle J. , Smith Chad , Yang Eun-Jeong , Iban-Arias Ruth , Oguchi Tatsunori , Sebastian-Valverde Maria , Iqbal Umar Haris , Wu Henry , Estill Molly , Rahim Md Al , Raval Urdhva , Herman Francis J , Zhang Yong Jie , Petrucelli Leonard , Pasinetti Giulio Maria 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Intronic G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansions (HRE) of C9orf72 are the most common cause of familial variants of frontotemporal dementia/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD/ALS). G4C2 HREs in C9orf72 undergo non-canonical repeat-associated translation, producing dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins, with various deleterious impacts on cellular homeostasis. While five different DPRs are produced, poly(glycine-arginine) (GR) is amongst the most toxic and is the only DPR to accumulate in the associated clinically relevant anatomical locations of the brain. Previous work has demonstrated the profound effects of a poly(GR) model of C9orf72 FTD/ALS, including motor impairment, memory deficits, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is hypothesized to be a driving factor in the disease course; microglia activation is present prior to symptom onset and persists throughout the disease. Here, using an established mouse model of C9orf72 FTD/ALS we investigate the contributions of the nod-like receptor pyrin-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of FTD/ALS. We find that inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation is increased with microglial activation, cleavage of caspase-1, production of IL-1β and upregulation of Cxcl10 in the brain of C9orf72 FTD/ALS mice. Excitingly, we find that genetic ablation of Nlrp3 significantly improved survival, protected behavioral deficits and prevented neurodegeneration suggesting a novel mechanism involving HRE-mediated induction of innate immunity. The findings provide experimental evidence of the integral role of HRE in inflammasome-mediated innate immunity in the C9orf72 variant of FTD/ALS pathogenesis and suggest the NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target.
Upward propagation of gravity waves and ionospheric perturbations triggered by the 2022 Hunga-Tonga Volcanic Eruption
Authors: MIYOSHI Yasunobu , Shinagawa Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Using an atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model (GAIA), atmospheric and ionospheric perturbations triggered by the 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption are studied. Our result shows that ionospheric perturbations are caused by neutral wind perturbations associated with gravity waves. Gravity waves with horizontal phase speeds of 200–310 m/s are excited in the troposphere near the Hunga-Tonga volcano, and propagate upward into the thermosphere. While the amplitude of the eruption-generated gravity waves is small in the troposphere (~ 1 m/s), the amplitude of the gravity waves increases exponentially with height because of the exponential decrease of the density, reaching 60‒80 m/s at 300 km height. General features of the TIDs appeared in GNSS-TEC are reproduced fairly well. We can conclude that the eruption-generated gravity waves whose horizontal phase velocity is close to the sound speed play an important role in thermospheric and ionospheric perturbations after the Hunga-Tonga volcano eruption.
Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Modeling Physiological Time Series: A Case Study with Continuous Blood Pressure
Authors: Jafari Roozbeh , Sel Kaan , Mohammadi Amirmohammad , Pettigrew Roderic 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The bold vision of AI-driven pervasive physiological monitoring, through the proliferation of off-the-shelf wearables that began a decade ago, has created immense opportunities to extract actionable information for precision medicine. These AI algorithms model the input-output relationships of a system that, in many cases, exhibits complex nature and personalization requirements. A particular example is cuffless blood pressure estimation using wearable bioimpedance. However, these algorithms need to be trained with a significant amount of ground truth data. In the context of biomedical applications, collecting ground truth data, particularly at the personalized level is challenging, burdensome, and in some cases infeasible. Our objective is to establish physics-informed neural network (PINN) models for physiological time series data that would reduce reliance on ground truth information. We achieve this by building Taylor's approximation for the gradually changing known cardiovascular relationships between input and output (e.g., sensor measurements to blood pressure) and incorporating this approximation into our proposed neural network training. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated through a case study: continuous cuffless BP estimation from time series bioimpedance data. We show that by using PINNs over the state-of-the-art time series regression models tested on the same datasets, we retain a high correlation (systolic: 0.90, diastolic: 0.89) and low error (systolic: 1.3 ± 7.6 mmHg, diastolic: 0.6 ± 6.4 mmHg) while reducing the amount of ground truth training data on average by a factor of 15. This could be helpful in developing future AI algorithms to help interpret pervasive physiologic data using minimal amount of training data.
Groundwater drought risk assessment model as a tool to support sustainable water resources management
Authors: Kubicz Justyna , Karczewski Maciej 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, the need to implement sustainable water usage and improve current water management practices became a priority. The changes in the hydroclimatic regimen towards more intense yet less frequent rainfall that have been observed in recent years increase the risk of drought. This leads to the need to mitigate this risk and to reduce the effects of repeated, consecutive periods of water shortage. The objective of article was to present a method for assessing the risk of occurrence of groundwater drought based on the distributions of extreme values of groundwater levels. This goal was achieved, which was shown on the examples of selected observation points of the groundwater level in the catchment of the Odra River. Based on the obtained results, it was demonstrated that the application of the distributions of extreme groundwater level values to assess the risk of occurrence of groundwater drought is an effective tool that supports sustainable water management. It offers the possibility to assess the risk of groundwater drought, which usually leads to water deficits in the affected areas, in a fast and simple way. The risk calculated in this way may be used to classify the areas in terms of the level of risk of the occurrence of groundwater drought. The method presented in this paper may also be used to assess the influence of various factors, including the methods of catchment management, climate changes, on mitigating the risk of occurrence of groundwater droughts.
Current Status and Influencing Factors of Spiritual Needs of Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shi Xin , Wang Fengxia , Xue Lixin , Gan Zhaohong , Wang Yan , Wang Qian , Luan Xiaorong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To understand the current status of spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer and analyze its influencing factors. On the basis of deeper understanding of these relationship, it needs to be confirmed whether this is effective to providing targeted spiritual care support in future studies.
Methods
In this study, 200 oncology inpatients from Shandong Province were recruited by convenient sampling method to analyzed a cross-sectional survey by general data survey from December 2020 to June 2022. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between spiritual needs and cancer-related fatigue, anxiety and depression, family care index and social support. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between spiritual needs and influencing factors.
Results
The spiritual needs score of advanced cancer patients at a high level. Correlation analysis showed that spiritual needs had a significant positive correlation with cancer-related fatigue and social support (P < 0.05), and a significant negative correlation with depression (P < 0.05). Multiple analysis showed that cancer-related fatigue, social support and religious belief were the factors influencing the spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer.
Conclusion
The spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer are significantly correlated with cancer-related fatigue, depression, social support and other factors. Religious belief and social support were the main influencing factors of spiritual needs of advanced cancer patients.
Interfacial Disordering and Heterojunction Enabling Fast Proton Conduction
Authors: MUHAMMAD YOUSAF , Lu Yuzheng , Hu Enyi , Akbar Muhammad , Shah M.A.K Yousaf , Mushtaq Naveed , Yan Senlin , Xia Chen , Zhu Bin Bin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Interfacial disorder is a general method to change the metal-oxygen compatibility and carrier density of heterostructure materials for ionic transport modulation. Herein, to enable high proton conduction, a semiconductor heterostructure based on spinel ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) and fluorite CeO2 is developed and investigated in terms of structural characterization, first principle calculation, and electrochemical performance. Particular attentions are paid to the interfacial disordering and heterojunction effects of the material. Results show that the heterostructure induces a disordered oxygen region at the hetero-interface of ZFO-CeO2 by dislocating oxygen atoms, leading to fast proton transport. As a result, the ZFO-CeO2 exhibits a high proton conductivity of 0.21 S/cm and promising fuel cell power output of 1070 mW/cm2 at 510 ℃. Based upon these findings, a new mechanism is proposed to interpret the diffusion and acceleration of protons in ZFO-CeO2. Our study provides a new strategy to customize semiconductor heterostructure to enable fast proton conduction.