bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 is required for human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell-mediated rheumatoid arthritis therapy
Authors: Liu Guangyang , Wang Herui , Zhang Chenliang , Li Xin , Mi Yi , Chen Yaoyao , Xu Liqiang , Miao Li , Long Haomiao , Liu Yongjun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) can relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. However, we did not know whether TNFR1 expressed by hUC-MSCs contributes to therapy as a neutralizer of TNF-α or whether TNFR1 has more roles. This study aimed to explore the functions of TNFR1 in hUC-MSC-mediated RA therapy. Methods We knocked down TNFR1 in hUC-MSCs and compared the ability of MSCs to inhibit TNF-α production by PBMCs. hUC-MSCs with or without TNFR1 knockdown were infused into collagen-induced arthritis mice to compare RA therapeutic effects. The inflammatory cytokine levels at different timepoints after cell treatment were measured, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed to observe the pathological differences. After confirming the importance of TNFR1 in RA treatment, we stimulated hUC-MSCs with different inflammatory cytokines to observe how TNFR1 responds and compare whether any genes were influenced by the presence or absence of TNFR1. Results In vitro PMBC experiments showed that the inhibition of TNF-α production was dependent on TNFR1 expression. hUC-MSCs could relieve symptoms of RA in animals in a TNFR1-dependent manner. Inflammatory cytokine simulation revealed that TNFR1 was reduced after 24 h of stimulation in hUC-MSCs, while siTNFR1-MSCs showed upregulation of TNFR1 after the same treatment. In addition, impairment of TNFR1 expression led to different expression levels of p65, TLR2, HGF, and KGF in MSCs. Conclusions Reduced TNFR1 alters gene expression and leads to the loss of therapeutic effects.
Discontinuation of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among people in serodifferent relationships: Findings from a programmatic surveillance study within a large-scale HIV program in Nigeria
Authors: Anyasi Helen , Idemudia Augustine , Badru Titilope , Onyegbule Stanley , Isang Etiemana , Sanwo Olusola , Pandey Satish Raj , Chiegil Robert , Bateganya Moses , Schwartz Katie , Njuguna Njambi , Khamofu Hadiza , Plotkin Marya , Iyortim Isa , Persaud Navindra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: As Oral PrEP scales across countries, more information about uptake, use pattern and client preference emerge from pilots, demonstration studies and national programmes. The findings are useful for refining service provision and providing learnings on how oral PrEP and other prevention products or methods can be effectively incorporated into routine health services. Our study examines factors associated with discontinuation of PrEP across two large scale programs in Nigeria to present findings representative of real-world programmatic implementation.
METHODS: Through programmatic surveillance of program implementation data from two large-scale HIV projects in Nigeria, we explored early discontinuation of PrEP and associated factors among HIV-negative individuals who initiated PrEP between January 2020 and July 2021 using multivariable logistic regression.
RESULTS: Of 26,325 HIV-negative individuals who started PrEP, 84% (22,034) discontinued PrEP within the first month. Factors associated with early discontinuation of PrEP were commencing oral PrEP in the community, being unmarried, engaging in high-risk sexual behaviour, and inconsistent use or non-use of condoms.
CONCLUSION: Early discontinuation of PrEP was high, especially for individuals who commenced in the community and reported marital status as “never married”. It was also high among individuals who reported inconsistent use or non-use of condoms. We recommend the strengthening of follow-up counselling to re-assess risk determination, especially between initiation and the first follow-up visit within the health facilities as well as the community-based distribution sites.
Comparison of REM-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea with NREM-Related Obstructive SleepApnea in Terms of Possible Disease Complications and Demographic Indicators
Authors: Adimi Parisa , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Raad Nasim , Rashvandi Zahra , khoundabi Batoul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a relatively common disease associated with high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, obesity, glucose intolerance, and impotence. Patients who develop apnea only in REM sleep, despite a low AHI index, may have more complications from this disease. Less arousal during REM sleep is a natural mechanism to restore and strengthen sleep-seeking power. Therefore, due to the frequent interruption of REM sleep in patients of this group, a higher EDS is expected. As we know, the more sleepy people are, the more cardiovascular complications they have. Therefore, it is recommended to start treatment with a lower AHI earlier.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 489 participants with OSA referred to the sleep clinic. Patients were divided into two groups according to the AHI REM/AHI NREM ratio. The case group (REM) was patients with AHI REM/AHI NREM ratio ≥ 2, and the control group (NREM) was patients with AHI REM/AHI NREM ratio ≤2. Demographic factors and underlying diseases and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were compared between the two groups.
Results: The mean of AHI in REM group (38.7/h) and NREM group (34.7/h) was not statistically different. The proportion of people with blood pressure in the NREM group was significantly higher than REM group (P=0.030). There was no significant difference in the proportion of people with diabetes in both NREM and REM groups. The average number of awakenings in sleep was also higher in the NREM group than in the REM group and this difference was significant (P=0.044). The difference in mean ESS and percentage of O2 saturation less than 90 in two groups was not significant. Of course, in the case of ESS, due to the non-significance of its mean in the studied groups, it seems that the dispersion of ESS tends towards numbers less than 10 in the REM related group, if we pay attention to the median and mode. The mean desaturation index in the NREM group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001). The ratio of choking in REM group was significantly higher than NREM group (p=0.045). Also, the proportion of patients with sweating and bruxism was higher in the REM group than NREM group and the difference is significant at the 10% level.
Conclusions: AHI and ESS were similar in REM group and NREM group in this study, although more sleepiness was expected for the REM- OSA and thus more complications. In addition, other interventional findings HRV, circulation time and hypoxia burden should be considered to investigate morbidity and mortality in future studies.
Near-zero stiffness accelerometer with buckling of tunable electrothermal microbeams
Authors: Hussein Hussein , Wang Chen , Esteves Rui Amendoeira , Kraft Michael , Fariborzi Hossein 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pre-shaped microbeams, curved or inclined, are widely used in MEMS for their interesting stiffness properties. These mechanisms allow a wide range of positive and negative stiffness tuning in their direction of motion. A mechanism of pre-shaped beams with opposite curvature, connected in a parallel configuration, can be electrothermally tuned to reach a near-zero or negative stiffness behavior at the as-fabricated position. The simple structure helps incorporate the tunable spring mechanism in different designs for accelerometers, even with different transduction technologies. The sensitivity of the accelerometer can be considerably increased or tuned for different applications by electrothermally changing the stiffness of the spring mechanism. Opposite inclined beams are implemented in a capacitive micromachined accelerometer. The measurements on fabricated prototypes showed more than 55 times gain in sensitivity compared to their initial sensitivity. The experiments showed promising results in enhancing the resolution of acceleration sensing and the potential to reach unprecedent performance in micromachined accelerometers.
Ecotoxicity of heavy metals in soil around long-term e-waste recycling sites in Tema and Ashaiman areas of Ghana
Authors: Klutse Charles Kofi , Quayson Mustapha Abeiku , Forson Amos , Nuveadenu Christian , Asare Ebenezer Aquisman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The effect of e-waste recycling activities on soil quality was assessed for four e-waste sites in Ghana. Samples of top- and sub-soil were collected from dismantling and burning sections and prevalence and distribution of selected metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The concentrations of the metals analysed were above the background concentrations except Cd, which was detected at the same level as the background levels. Levels of Cu and Pb increased with increasing soil depth. Levels of Cd, Zn, As, and Ni decreased with increasing soil depth. Hg levels showed no recognizable trend in its distribution relative to soil depth. The pollution indices evaluated revealed deterioration of the soil quality at the e-waste sites. Geo-accumulation indices suggest that the soil is very highly polluted with Pb, highly polluted with Cu, and moderately polluted with As, Hg, Cd, and Zn. The enrichment factor values indicate that soil from the studied sites was very highly enriched with Pb (i.e., EF of 9.60 to 63.14; median being 28.51) and significantly enriched with Cu and Hg (i.e., EF of 3.09 to 21.86; median 7.72 for Cu and EF of 1.48 to 25.5; median 10.57 for Hg). The contamination factor analysis revealed very high contamination of soils with Pb. The metals Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Cd, and Hg exhibited moderate to considerable contamination. This study is part of the continuous effort to assist policymakers with scientific information needed to influence policy decisions on environmental management.
Which Messengers Do Medical Students Prefer for Receiving Health Information: Development and Psychometrics of Using Health Messengers Questionnaire
Authors: Karimian Zahra , Moradi Mehravash , Zarifsanaiey Nahid , Kashefian-Naeeini Sara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Those media messages that directly or indirectly tackle individual and social health issues are known as health messages. Individuals vary in their selection of health messengers. This research aimed to construct an instrument to measure the preferences of medical students in selecting health messengers and in the next step to validate the aforementioned questionnaire.
Method
This research is a descriptive survey with an approach to construct a questionnaire. The statistical population included all students studying at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2022. 500 participants were involved in the study. To determine the types of health messengers and review the texts, a group of 15 primary items consisting of the 6 components of academic sources (2 items), official news sources (2 items), mass media (3 items), internet search (2 items), messenger applications (4 items), and unofficial media (2 items) were compiled. A 4-point scale was developed the content validity of which was confirmed using CVI and CVR method and the reliability index was calculated to be 0.818. Factor analysis was also used to determine the construct validity and factor loading of each item.
Results
The study encompassed participants with varying university degrees. Using factor analysis, together with KMO = 0.810 and Bartlett's sphericity index P < 0.001, saturation and the suitability of the test were confirmed. Students' preferences based on factor load were social media (28.92%), official and unofficial health sources (10.76%), academic sources (9.08%), internet search (8.18%), and mass media (7.13%), respectively. Among social media, Telegram (0.760) had the highest factor load followed by WhatsApp (0.663) and Instagram (0.678).
Conclusion
Students prefer messengers that are free from time and space restrictions. Therefore, in order to develop health knowledge and information, mobile-based methods or enrichment of social media should be given higher priority.
Monitoring the Cutting Condition of Structurally Distinct Aluminum Oxide Grinding Wheels Using Acoustic Emission Signals and the Hinkley Criterion
Authors: Lopes Wenderson Nascimento , de Aguiar Paulo Roberto , Antônio Zaqueu R. Fernando , Silva Anderson , Silva Mauro Gomes da , de Araújo Thabatta Moreira Alves 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Acoustic emission sensors (AE) have been extensively utilized as an indirect method for condition monitoring of grinding wheels, the essential tools in the grinding process. Statistical parameters like root mean square (RMS) and Counts have been employed to process these signals, aiming to characterize the cutting state of the wheel and determine the optimal moment for interrupting the dressing operation. However, the Hinkley criterion statistic, despite being employed in scientific studies such as structural health monitoring, has not yet been explored for monitoring the dressing operation of aluminum oxide wheels. In light of this, the present study aims to assess the efficacy of the Hinkley criterion statistic in extracting features from AE signals collected during the dressing operation of structurally distinct aluminum oxide wheels. Dressing tests were conducted using two wheels, each subjected to different dressing conditions. The AE sensor-generated signals were subsequently collected and digitally processed, followed by the computation of the Hinkley criterion statistic. In the temporal domain, the Hinkley criterion statistic enables the precise extraction of detailed information regarding the behavior of AE signals during grinding wheel dressing procedures, eliminating the need for intricate frequency domain analysis. The outcomes unequivocally demonstrate the effectiveness of the Hinkley criterion statistic in classifying the wheel as either dressed or undressed, thereby facilitating the determination of the optimal moment to halt the dressing operation. Importantly, the method proves its efficiency in categorizing the dressing condition of structurally diverse wheels, even when subjected to varying dressing parameters. Consequently, its implementation promises enhanced efficiency and cost-effectiveness in dressing operations. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that this method exhibits potential for generalization, making it suitable for monitoring the dressing process across a wide array of wheel types. Ultimately, this methodology plays a pivotal role in optimizing the grinding process.
Evolutionary pressures shape soft tissue sarcoma development and radiotherapy response
Authors: Blomain Erik , Soudi Shaghayegh , Somani Anish , Subramanian Ajay , Oladipo Eniola , New Christin , Kenney Deborah , Nemat-Gorgani Neda , Avedian Raffi , Steffner Robert , Mohler David , Hiniker Susan , Chin Alex , Kalbasi Anusha , Binkley Michael , de Rijn Matt van , Moding Everett 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Evolutionary pressures play a key role in tumorigenesis, progression, and response to therapy. However, the selection pressures and subclonal dynamics of soft tissue sarcomas during their natural history remain to be defined. Additionally, although radiotherapy plays a crucial role in obtaining local control for many solid tumors, the effect of radiation on tumor evolution has been challenging to study due to a lack of longitudinal tumor samples before and after treatment. We integrated temporal genomic profiling of 120 spatially distinct tumor regions from 20 patients with pleomorphic sarcomas, longitudinal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis, in silico tumor simulation, and evolutionary biology computational pipelines to study sarcoma evolution both during tumorigenesis and in response to radiotherapy. We found that the majority of unirradiated sarcomas displayed initial linear evolution followed by subsequent branching evolution with distinct mutational processes during early and late sarcoma development. We observed evidence of strong selection pressures during sarcoma development with further selection for resistant subclonal populations during radiotherapy using metrics of genetic divergence between regions. We demonstrated dramatic changes in subclone abundance following radiotherapy with subclone contraction tied to alterations in calcium signaling. Finally, ctDNA analysis accurately measured tumor subclone abundance and enabled non-invasive longitudinal monitoring of subclonal changes. These results highlight the natural history of soft tissue sarcomas and suggest that targeting resistant subclonal populations could improve outcomes in patients treated with radiotherapy.
Ibuprofen attenuates senolytic effects of exercise in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Kuo Chia-Hua , Jean Wei-Horng , Ang Pei-Yao , Goto Kazushige , Lin Chao-An , Dewi Luthfia , Liao Yu-Chieh , Ye Mengxin , Nicholls Andrew , Huang Chih-Yang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Muscle regeneration after injury requires inflammation. In this study, we examine the role of inflammation on the exercise-induced senolytic effect in human skeletal muscle by ibuprofen treatment using a placebo-controlled counterbalanced crossover trial. Twelve men aged 20-26 consumed ibuprofen (total dose: 1200 mg) or placebo before and after high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) at 120% maximum aerobic power (total work ~ 70 kJ). Multiple muscle biopsies were taken for tissue analysis before and after HIIE. p16INK4a+ cells were located surrounding myofibers in human muscle. We found a quick decreased p16INK4a mRNA levels (-82%, p = 0.01, d = 1.23) of p16INK4a+ cells in muscle tissues at 3 hours post-exercise and persisting to 24 hours. Ibuprofen delayed this senolytic effects of HIIE in muscle tissues. A strong correlation between p16INK4a mRNA and CD11b mRNA in muscle tissues (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) suggests a possibility that the senolytic effect of exercise lowered pro-inflammatory myeloid differentiation in human muscles. The result of the study suggests the role of inflammation in the senolytic effect of high intensity exercise in human skeletal muscle. This transient proinflammatory stimulus results in lowered basal inflammation persisting over an extended period.
Pollution characteristics, sources and toxicity evaluation of PAHs in atmospheric PM2.5 in Shenyang
Authors: Yuan Chunli , Sun Lina , Liang Shan , Li Huizhu , Wang Nan , Wang Chuang , Lu Changhao , Xia Shuang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study was to assess the pollution levels, compositional characteristics, sources, and toxicity changes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 in Shenyang. 98 samples were analyzed for PAHs at seven locations in Shenyang on December 15–21, 2020, and April 8–16, 2021. The detection rate of PAHs was 100% for 98 samples, in which Fla, Pyr, Phe, Chr and Flu with medium and low rings were predominant. During the heating period, the total concentration of PAHs ranged from 59.05 to 131.15 ng/m3, and the average concentration was 95.03 ng/m3. The concentration of PAHs in the non-heating period was 13.38 ~ 47.52 ng/m3, and the average value was 35.51 ng/m3. The highest concentration of PAHs was found in residential areas in southern Shenyang. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model showed that the sources of PAHs in Shenyang were motor vehicle exhaust emissions, coal and biomass combustion, and oil pollution emissions. During the heating period, coal and biomass combustion contributed 44.2%, while motor vehicle exhaust emissions accounted for 44.8% in the non-heating period. According to the evaluation of the toxic equivalent concentrations of PAHs, the toxic concentrations in all areas of Shenyang except rural areas were all higher than the standard concentrations prescribed by China and WTO. The toxic equivalent concentrations in residential areas were highest. These results presented the PAHs concentration in Shenyang and provided implications for air pollution control measurements.
Atmospheric nitrogen deposition affects forest plant and soil system carbon: nitrogen: phosphorus stoichiometric flexibility: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Xiyan , Wang Xiaojing , Qiao Yaqi , Cao Yi , Jiao Yan , Yang An , Liu Mengzhou , Ma Lei , Song Mengya , Fu Shenglei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aims To investgate how increased nitrogen (N) deposition influences the balance and distribution of carbon (C), N, and phosphorus (P) in forest plant–soil–microbe systems, and whether these effects relate with different N forms and environment factors.
Methods We conducted a global meta-analysis from 101 articles to get 751 observations (including plant, soil and microbial biomass C, N and P nutrients and stoichiometry) under different N addition levels (0–50, 50–100, >100 kg ha-1 year-1 of N), duration (0–5, >5 year), forms (understory, canopy), and status (ammonium N, nitrate N, organic N, mixed N).
Results and conclusions N addition had an substantial effects on the plant-soil-microbial C:N:P stoichiometry. Specifically, N addition considerably increased plant N:P (leaf: 14.98%, root: 13.29%), plant C:P (leaf: 6.8%, root: 25.44%), soil N:P (13.94%), soil C:P (10.86%), microbial biomass N:P (23.58%), and microbial biomass C:P ratios (12.62%), while simultaneously decreased plant C:N ratio (leaf: 6.49%, root: 9.02%). Notably, soil C:N ratio exhibited opposite changes under low N and high N addition. Plant C:N:P ratios were most affected by short-term N addition, while soil C:N:P ratios responded primarily to long-term N treatment. Additionally, organic N had a stronger impact on soil C:N and C:P ratios, whereas ammonia N significantly affected the soil N:P ratio. Positive correlations were identified among N:P and C:P ratios across plants, soil, and microbes, highlighting their interdependence within the ecosystem. Moreover, N deposition not only influenced the flexibility of C:N:P stoichiometry but also intensified P limitation among microorganisms in forest plant-soil-microbial systems.
ANMS: Asynchronous Non-Maximum Suppression in Event Stream
Authors: Zhou Qianang , Xiong Junlin , Li Youfu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS) is an essential post-processing algorithm that is widely used in frame-based tasks. However, executing NMS in asynchronous event streams results in frequent discontinuities and high computational complexity, which limits the performance of asynchronous event-based algorithms, such as corner event detection. To address this issue, this paper proposes a general-purpose Asynchronous NMS pipeline (ANMS) and applies it to corner event detection. The proposed pipeline extracts fine feature streams from the output of original detectors and automatically adjusts the strength of suppression to accommodate varying motion speeds. The ANMS operates with a latency of less than 0.2ms on most detectors, without affecting real-time detection. To test ANMS comprehensively, a scoring method was designed for detectors without corner scores, and a simulated sequence was created to supplement the real dataset. Evaluation on the public dataset indicates that ANMS improves the performance of popular detectors with negligible latency. Additionally, the pipeline is a natural extension of NMS, and is applicable to other asynchronous scoring tasks for event cameras. The C++ implementation of ANMS-based detectors has been rreleased here: https://github.com/ZhouQianang/ANMS.