bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Electrochemical C(sp3)–H Amidation Enabled by Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)
Authors: Li Fengyi , Liu Ke , Zhang Sheng , Li Man-Bo , Sun Qi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA direct electrochemical amidation of xanthene was readily achieved under direct anodic oxidation. The reactivity of benzamides was significantly enhanced by the virtue of the solvent effect of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP). An obvious hydrogen bonding between HFIP and benzamide was detected, and the proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) effect was proposed for the enhancement effect of HFIP. In this transformation, a broad range of primary and secondary amides were readily used as amidating reagents, including l-proline-, naproxen-, and probencid-derived amides. We proposed a plausible reaction mechanism for this direct amidation based on the experimental observations.
Evaluation of The Three-Dimensional Endoscopy in Basic and Extended Nasal Procedures: A Clinical and Cadaveric Study
Authors: Kholief Amr , Ali Ahmed , Elwany Samy , Ahmed Shahzada , Youssef Ahmed , Zahran Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction The three-dimensional (3D) endoscope is considered a new surgical tool used in different approaches in intranasal and anterior skull base surgical procedures. There are many advantages of 3D over two-dimensional (2D) endoscopy that have been demonstrated in clinical applications, surgical training, and different experimental studies.
Objective To show the difference between using the 3D and 2D endoscopes during endonasal and anterior skull base surgery and its importance.
Methods Our study is divided into two phases (clinical and cadaveric phases). In the clinical study we, have performed 52 endonasal and anterior skull base surgical procedures (26 study cases and 26 control cases). We recorded accuracy, duration, and intraoperative complication for each case. The cadaveric study was performed on three cadavers. Differences in accuracy and dissection time were recorded using 3D and 2D endoscopy for each side chosen by randomization.
Results In the clinical study, the cases done by 3D endoscope were significantly faster and more accurate with less intraoperative complications compared with cases done using 2D endoscope. In cadaveric dissection, while using 3D endoscope, there was better depth of perception regarding the anatomical landmarks compared with 2D endoscope.
Conclusion Three-dimensional endoscopy is an advanced instrument that allows better training for the coming generation of ear, nose, and throat surgeons. Both clinical and cadaveric studies offer a promising outcome in both endonasal and anterior skull base surgery.
Electrical Stimulation for Treatment of Dysphagia Post Head Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Paim Émille Dalbem , Sugueno Lica Arakawa , Martins Vera Beatris , Zanella Virgilio Gonzales , Macagnan Fabricio Edler 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Dysphagia induced by radiotherapy in the head and neck region comprises a challenging scenario and sometimes difficult rehabilitation due to the severity of the adverse effects. Some resources such as electrical stimulation have emerged as an alternative to complement the therapeutic process, but there is still no consensus on its use.
Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, through a meta-analysis, the effect of electrical stimulation on the rehabilitation of dysphagia generated after head and neck cancer treatment.
Data Synthesis Four randomized controlled trials with a total of 146 participants were included. The age of the participants was 58.37 ± 1.8 years old and there was a predominance of males. The time to start the intervention ranged from 50.96 ± 40.12 months after cancer treatment. The intervention showed great heterogeneity regarding the positioning of the electrodes, parameters, duration of the stimulus, number of sessions, and intensity. No difference was identified in the following aspects: oral transit time, hyoid elevation, penetration and/or aspiration after electrostimulation. The quality of the evidence ranged from very low to moderate and high risk of bias.
Conclusion In this meta-analysis, we found weak evidence for small and moderate swallowing benefits in patients after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer in short-term clinical trials.
3 Female Cases Of Subsymphyseal Epispadias And Their Correction
Authors: Tomar Dr. Vinay , Mathur Dr. Rajeev , Sadasukhi Dr. T.C. , Mathur Dr. S.C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSuccessful correction of incontinence by Leadbetter's modification of young dees technique in 3 cases of subsymphyseal female episadias is reported. Simplicity and efficacy of this trechnique has prompted the team to undertake this procedure in all the cases.
Conchal Cartilage Grafts in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Alexander G , Daver B M 
Published: September 2023

SummaryConchal cartilage grafts were used in 38 patients during rhinoplasty. They were used for dorsum augmentation, contour correction and correction of tip deformities. Due to ease in harvesting, lack of donor deformities and the absence of warping and absorption we found the conchal cartilage an ideal donor material. It was used for the correction of cleft lip nose deformity, correction of depressed bridge, and tip problems. Technique of harvesting is simple and there was no donor site problem.
Open Rhinoplasty and Use of Modelling Wax Splint on Indian Patients
Authors: Prasanna Mita 
Published: September 2023

SummaryLearning and teaching of rhinoplasty by the ‘open’ method is becoming popular because of better exposure of the nasal skeleton than with the closed (endonasal) technique.25 patients of rhinoplasty or septorhinoplasty done by this approach in the Plastic Surgery Department of Kasturba Medical College, Manipal have been retrospectively analysed to find out it's advantages and disadvantages, particularly in Indian patients. Primary or secondary open rhinoplasties were done for augmentation, reduction, correction of deviation or gross deformities and tip-plasty. Splints applied for all these cases post-operatively were made of dental modelling wax.The open approach can be recommended on Indian patients also, for all rhinoplasties demanding excellent exposure, and the resulting scar is insignificant. The main advantage is precision in restructuring and the disadvantage is prolonged tip-oedema. Splint made of modelling wax is useful because it is cheap, light in weight and easy to mould.
Vascularised Epiphysis and Hemi-Joint Transfer for Reconstruction of Temporomandibular Joint and Ramus-Condyle Unit in Cases of Hemifacial Microsomia
Authors: Gupta A K , Chitre A P , Abhyankar S 
Published: September 2023

SummaryEpiphysis and hemi-joint transfer for reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint and ramus-condyle unit, using the proximal epiphyseal plate and proximal one third of the diaphyseal shaft of the fibula has been successfully performed in cases of hemifacial macrosomia. A total of 6 cases belonging to the type II and III of skeletal type of hemifacial microsomia1 in the age group of 3 to 8 years have undergone this procedure. All patients have a good range of painless movement at the temporomandibular joint with a proportionate growth of 0.4 cms and 0.5 cms per year respectively at the neo ramus condyle unit and they have been illustrated.
Interposing Prolene Mesh Repair For Upper Abdominal Wall Defects
Authors: Bhathena Dr. Hosi M. , Kavarana Dr. Naozer M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDermatofibrosarcoma, Supra umbilical excisional defect with a deficit of 4 cms. of left rectus abdominis was repaired. Results are presented.
Financial distress, auditors’ going concern modification (GCM) and investors’ reaction in a concentrated ownership environment: new evidence from the Italian stock market
Authors: Brunelli Sandro , Venuti Francesco , Niederkofler Thomas , Falivena Camilla 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper feeds the literature about investors’ reaction to the release of going concern modified audit reports, which is abundant and controversial among scholars. Moving a step beyond the solely detection of abnormal stock returns at and around the event date, as done in the only two previous studies on the Italian setting, we perform an OLS multiple regression to test the informativeness of CARs and the influence of variables as selected firms’ accounts, auditor characteristics, the market capitalization and specific measures of financial distress to gather evidence whether investors react adversely to elements different from going concern modifications (GCMs). Based on our findings, investors react negatively to GCMs attached to qualified opinions and, surprisingly, positively to GCMs attached to clean opinions, reversing the prevailing evidence found out in the literature, especially in the USA. We attribute these results to the rough knowledge of Italian naïve investors of the going concern (GC) issue. The study detects how disclosure features conceived for large equity markets can lead to different investors’ behaviours in small ones on the one hand; on the other hand, it cannot lead to unequivocable generalization, even within similar countries, in light of sub-specific country features. The piece of evidence achieved suggests, for further research, to make an investors categorization to analyse market reactions, which takes more into account three main features stressed by the prevailing literature of small equity markets: high ownership concentration, the higher presence of institutional investors and the poorer reputation of BIG4 auditors.
Can socially sustainable development be achieved through homestead withdrawal? A hybrid multiple-attributes decision analysis
Authors: Wang Zehua , Liang Fachao , Lin Sheng-Hau 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAchieving sustainable rural development is essential for countries worldwide to balance development between urban and rural areas; especially, sustainable social development is crucial. In the face of rapid urbanization in China, the withdrawal of rural homesteads (WRH) has become the core policy for attaining sustainable rural development. Compared with the literature that focuses on the economic or environmental impacts of the policy, few studies have evaluated how social sustainability is accomplished through such land-reform policies. Given the consensus that exploring sustainability emphasizes complex causal relationships between multiple dimensions, assessment models must further consider interdependencies. Based on Chinese expertise and perspective, this study proposes a hybrid multi-attribute decision analysis model to evaluate the contribution of WRH policies toward social sustainability. First, the Delphi method was used to build evaluation criteria covering four dimensions—the socio-ecological environment, social welfare, social equity, and social inclusion—and 20 criteria were based on the existing literature. Second, influential network relations maps (INRMs) were constructed based on the fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), considering complex causal relationships between dimensions and criteria to further identify the key evaluation criteria for the social sustainability of the homestead exit policy. The results show that the five subdimensions are key to achieving sustainable social development through WRH. Based on our results, we propose certain policy recommendations.
Argumentation tradition of traders in late antiquity
Authors: Schumann Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The institute of legality for traders, including business contracts, business correspondence, and legal
proceedings concerning economic cases, appeared in Mesopotamia first since the early dynastic period (ca. 2900–2350 B.C.). This
institute became well organized for the period of the third dynasty of Ur (from the 22nd to the 21st century B.C.). This tradition
was continued in the Babylonian as well as other Mesopotamian dynasties. As a consequence, Akkadian speaking traders preferred
logical tools in their business correspondences, too. Therefore, the business contracts and business correspondence satisfied the
main argumentative stages of legal proceedings. In late antiquity since the 2nd century A.D. Greek, Bactrian, and Sogdian were one
of the most important languages for traders of Silk Road with very high standards of argumentation as main tools of dispute
resolutions taken from the Babylonians. In this paper, I analyze some general features of these standards.
On the exact solutions of optical perturbed fractional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Ozkan Erdogan Mehmet , Yildirim Ozgur , Ozkan Ayten 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the present study, the improved sub-equation method is applied to the optical perturbed fractional Schrödinger equation with Beta-derivative and the exact optical solutions are obtained. The generalized hyperbolic and trigonometric function solutions are found by the method. Several novel physical surface structures of the solutions are presented with various appropriate assigned values. The method aids in solving complicated physical phenomena of these dynamical models. Numerical implementations and graphical illustrations verify the theoretical results.
Coexisting firing patterns and circuit design of locally active memristive autapse morris-lecar neuron
Authors: Li Xinying , Yang Zongkai , Sun Shaoze , Gong Yufang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A novel bistable locally active memristor is proposed in this paper. A locally active memristive autapse Morris-Lecar neuron model is constructed by using memristor to simulate the autapse of neuron. The equilibrium point and stability of the system are analyzed, and the firing mode and bifurcation characteristics of the neuronal system are revealed by using dynamic analysis methods such as slow-fast dynamics, interspike interval bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, phase diagrams and time series diagram. By changing the memristive autapse gain and the initial state of the system, the existence of coexisting firing patterns in the constructed neuron model is confirmed. Finally, to further verify the effectiveness of the numerical simulation, the analog equivalent circuit of the locally active memristive neuron system is designed, which proves that the system is physically realizable.
Different look at S-p bonding orbital in CdS, with Zn and Se series gap investigations
Authors: Soliman S , Dawood Mahmoud S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The electronic characteristics of Cadmium sulfide (CdS) series Zn
x
Cd16−x
S8Se8 and Cd16Se16−x
S
x
are investigated. According to the calculations, barely 12% Zn (X = 2) in the form Zn2Cd14Se16 is required to maximize the gap. To properly evaluate the excited states, the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) potentials are utilized in the computations. The parent compound CdS exhibits three distinct forms of crystal structures, with the hexagonal structure being remarkably stable under the GGA and mBJ functionals. The partial density of states around the Fermi level demonstrates that the system’s electronic characteristics are determined by the interaction of S-p and Cd-s,p states. A substantial splitting of the valence band, shown by band structure analysis, suggests a greater polarization crystal field in the hexagonal CdS structure. The stereochemical activity of the S atom stimulated the CdS compound for extremely tiny displacements of 0.0014 Å and 0.043 Å for the Cd and S atoms in the [001] direction, respectively, as well as tilting of the Cd-S-Cd link. This compound exhibits lone pair properties, with three valance electrons of the p-orbital participating in covalent bonding and S-s electrons fully occupied. Furthermore, Van Hove singularities are discovered in the electron density of states due to the Cd-d atoms that support in the analysis of optical absorption spectra. Finally, the results suggest that CdS has potential for solar cells applications due to its direct wide band gap semiconductor features,
Study of self- assembly structures of carbon quantum dots
Authors: Carvalho Julliany Louise Silva Hurbano , Galli Gustavo Fernandes , Chavero Lucas Natálio , dos Santos Lara Fernandes 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Self-assembly (SA) structures are formed by self-organizing processes in which discrete elements interact spontaneously with one another to produce larger and more complex structures. Compared to disorganized systems, self-assembled nanoparticles with specific functionalities can exhibit enhanced or even novel properties. Among the various nanoparticles capable of forming SAs, we can highlight carbon quantum dots (Cdots). Cdots are photoluminescent core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles with excellent optical properties, such as photo-stability, size-dependent emission energy, and intensity sensitivity to particle aggregation. Thus, the organization of individual Cdots in ordered structures on solid substrates has the potential for possible nanodevices in the area of sensors, catalysis, optoelectronics, and data storage. This study aimed to produce Cdots-based SAs and subsequently study their morphological and optical properties. Cdots were obtained by electrochemical exfoliation of the graphite electrode, and SA structures were obtained by the induced evaporation method under controlled temperature. The effects of the temperature and volume of the deposited Cdots solution in the substrate on the formation of SA were investigated. Optical and fluorescence microscopy images showed the formation of photoluminescent SA structures up to 1 mm in size with different aggregation patterns, such as aggregation by limited diffusion, river-type fractal, fern-leaf-type fractal, films, and bifurcated patterns. The variation of the parameters caused significant changes in some characteristics of the SAs structures, such as an increase in the intensity of the photoluminescence (PL) or its annihilation and change in the self-organization pattern. The results obtained in this work provide a preliminary overview of the different patterns of SA structures that can be obtained using photoluminescent Cdots as building blocks.
Low cost ternary metal oxide based nanocomposites as a room temperature formaldehyde sensor
Authors: Krishna Kurugundla Gopi , Parne Saidi Reddy , Pothukanuri Nagaraju 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To protect human health from hazardous gases, it is necessary to rapid detection of toxic gases utilizing gas sensors. Though there are various gas sensors, despite that, they endure inaccuracy in selectivity and sensitivity in the real-time monitoring of the low concentration of gases. In this context, the practical design for developing a cost-effective formaldehyde (HCHO) sensor using a hetero-type ternary nanocomposite ZnO/CdO/CuO (ZCCO) metal oxide (MOX) materials with porous structure is an ideal choice. In this study, ZCCO heterostructures demonstrated rapid selectivity towards HCHO compared with other volatile organic compounds and exhibited excellent long-term stability for up to 80 d. The sensor capability has been further improved with the heterostructures’ porous morphology, greater specific surface area, huge reaction sites, and electron sensitization effects of highly dispersed nanocomposite material. This work reports the Lowest Detection Limit (LDL) towards HCHO at room temperature as 250 ppb. These heterostructures enable the charge transport mechanism between the interparticle ZnO/CdO (n–n junctions) and the ZnO/CuO (n–p junctions) that can simultaneously enhance the sensitivity of the gas molecule’s reactions.
Generation of structured light beams by dual phase modulation with a single spatial light modulator
Authors: Baliyan Mansi , Shikder Allarakha , Nishchal Naveen K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Precise control of amplitude and wavefront of optical fields are prerequisites for many applications, especially in singular optics. This has led to the increasing efforts for developing efficient techniques to control the shape of the light in different dimensions. A spatial light modulator (SLM) can be efficiently used for phase-only or amplitude-only modulation; but offers limitation in complex light field modulation. Hence, shaping the complex amplitude of optical beams is challenging mainly because there are no complex modulators. While there is ongoing research to develop complex amplitude modulating SLMs, a solution is still non-existent. In this study, to achieve complex light modulations, a simple experimental set-up employing single phase-only SLM has been proposed. The SLM has been used as operating in a split-screen-mode. The non-iterative approach of dual-pass modulation has been applied where two cascaded phase value distributions (PVD) are encoded side-by-side onto the SLM. The first PVD is designed to enable amplitude modulation in the second PVD plane which finally helps achieve wavefront shaping. Hence, both amplitude and phase modulation of light beam are possible in this configuration. Commonly known singular beams such as Laguerre–Gaussian and Bessel-Gaussian modes have been generated theoretically as well as experimentally to verify the feasibility of the proposed technique. The method used helps to achieve arbitrary shaped beams as well.
Higher-order generalizations of the
A6(1)
- and
A4(1)
-surface type q-Painlevé equations
Authors: Nakazono Nobutaka 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we construct higher-order generalizations of the

A

6

(
1
)

- and

A

4

(
1
)

-surface type q-Painlevé equations from the system of partial difference equations with the consistency around a cube property by periodic reduction. Moreover, we also show their extended affine Weyl group symmetries and Lax pairs.
Novel two-dimensional square-structured diatomic group-IV materials: the first-principles prediction
Authors: Sholihun Sholihun , Purnawati Diki , Bermundo Juan Paolo , Prayogi Harmon , Fatomi Zohan Syah , Hidayati Sri 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work presents a study of novel two-dimensional (2D) square-structured diatomic group-IV materials through density functional theory calculations. Our optimized structures have a planar structure. Moreover, we evaluate the structural stabilities and electronic properties of six square-structured 2D-diatomic XY (X, Y = C, Si, Ge, Sn) materials. In comparison, we also evaluate the honeycomb structure of those materials. The Birch-Murnaghan equation of states (BM-EOS) curves and cohesive energy evaluations indicate that the square-structured SnGe and SnSi materials are highly stable. Interestingly, most of the square-structured materials are dynamically stable based on phonon dispersion evaluation, except SnC material. More importantly, most of the square-structured materials have a narrower bandgap energy which implies better electronic properties. In particular, square-structured SnGe shows an ultra-wide bandgap of 4.02 eV which is prospective for future electronics. Furthermore, we believe that the stable square structures will be observed in the experiment and will be beneficial for future device applications.