bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of prompting students to generate summaries during pauses in segmented multimedia lessons
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Wang Fuxing , Mayer Richard E. , Hu Xiangen , Gong Shaoying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundHow to improve learning with online multimedia lessons has attracted widespread concern. Prior studies have attempted to help students learn by breaking a video lesson into several segments. However, there has been a debate about whether learners can use pause time effectively and whether prompting them to engage in different types of generative learning activities during pauses can better facilitate learning.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore how to maximize learning by asking students to engage in generative processing activities during pauses in segmented narrated video lessons.MethodsThree experiments explored the effectiveness of segmenting, and whether adding summaries between segments can improve learning performance. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to view a segmented video or a continuous video. In Experiment 2, we examined whether adding summarizing activities during pauses can improve the effects of segmenting. In Experiment 3, we further investigated the effects of adding different types of summarizing activities during pauses.Results and ConclusionsIn Experiment 1, segmenting improved performance on retention tests, but not on transfer tests. In Experiment 2, the effects of segmenting on the retention and transfer tests were enhanced when learners were asked to produce written summaries during the pauses. In Experiment 3, asking participants to imagine or write summaries during the pauses in segmented lessons improved retention and transfer test performance, but providing a summary only helped on retention.TakeawaysAdding generative learning activities (i.e., summarizing) during pauses prompted learners to learn the material more deeply. Results are consistent with the ICAP framework and the cognitive theory of multimedia learning.
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes severe anaemia and systemic disease in tilapia
Authors: Turner Jessica Kaye , Sakulpolwat Sasakorn , Sukdanon Suchanuch , Lertwanakarn Tuchakorn , Waiyamitra Pitchaporn , Piewbang Chutchai , Pierezan Felipe , Techangamsuwan Somporn , Soto Esteban , Surachetpong Win 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD) is an emerging disease in tilapia that is associated with mass mortality affecting global tilapia aquaculture. In this study, red hybrid tilapias (Oreochromis spp.) were experimentally infected by intracoelomic injection with Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) to gain a better understanding of the clinicopathological changes during infection. Pale bodies and gill were observed in infected fish after 7 days of post‐challenge (dpc) associated with severe anaemia. Further haematological analysis in TiLV‐infected fish revealed decreased levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit at 3 dpc. Common pathological findings included pale and friable liver, pale intestine with catarrhal content, and dark and shrunken spleen in TiLV‐infected fish at 7 dpc and 14 dpc. Histologically, reduced numbers of red blood cells and accumulation of melano‐macrophage centre in the spleen were found in infected fish at 3 dpc, and severe lesions were more commonly observed at 7 and 14 dpc. Lymphocyte infiltration, syncytial cell formation and multifocal necrotic hepatitis were the prominent pathological findings in the liver of infected fish. The severity of pathological changes was associated with TiLV‐infection with higher viral loads and with the expression pattern of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and antiviral genes, including interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf1), interleukin (il‐8), radical s‐adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 (rsad2) and mx. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the haematological profile and pathological changes in tilapia during TiLV infection. Overall, lesions present in various organs, together with alteration of host immune response in TiLV‐infected fish, indicate the systemic infection of this virus. The knowledge gained from this study improves our understanding of how TiLV causes pathological and haematological changes in tilapia.
Deregulation and Financial Intermediation Cost: An International Comparison
Authors: BAZOT GUILLAUME 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCalculations for 15 countries reveal falling unit costs of financial intermediation in most cases, especially where unit cost was high during the 1970s. This result coincides with the concomitant convergence of both unit cost and the deregulation index over the period: Countries with a high unit cost were initially more strictly regulated and subsequently deregulated more. Despite this, the international unit cost barely declined due to the decreasing weight of low unit cost countries in total financial production after the mid‐1980s. Focusing on the specific effect of deregulation, the econometric analysis displays a negative and significant link between deregulation change and unit cost variation. Further analyses reveal that the effect of a change in deregulation depends on banks' market power. Thus, the stagnating unit cost observed in the United States and the United Kingdom, the two largest providers of financial services, could be due to weaker deregulation reforms—deregulation was already high in these countries during the 1980s—and a concomitant reduction in competition.
To be or not to be Alpine: New petrological constraints on the metamorphism of the Chenaillet Ophiolite (Western Alps)
Authors: Corno Alberto , Groppo Chiara , Borghi Alessandro , Mosca Pietro , Gattiglio Marco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Chenaillet Ophiolite represents a very well‐preserved portion of Ligurian‐Piedmont ocean in the Western Alps. It is formed from an oceanic lithospheric succession comprising exhumed mantle, various mafic intrusives (i.e., gabbro sensu lato), and a world‐renowned sequence of pillow basalts. Apart from scarce breccias closely related to oceanic lithosphere, no sedimentary cover is exposed. Historically, the Chenaillet Ophiolite has been known for its very low temperature–low pressure Alpine metamorphism, ascribed to obduction processes. However, studies aimed at constraining the peak pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions of Alpine metamorphism are virtually lacking, the general focus having been so far on its high temperature metamorphism and geochemical features. In this paper, we investigate two kinds of rocks: gabbro and albitite/alkali syenite, whose petrographic features shed light on the complex metamorphic history of the Chenaillet Ophiolite. Detailed analyses of mineral assemblages, blastesis/deformation relationships, and mineral chemical data allow two metamorphic events to be distinguished: an earlier, high temperature event (already reported in the literature) and a second, later low temperature, high pressure event, recognized here for the first time. The low temperature, high pressure event is strikingly testified by the occurrence of lawsonite relicts in the gabbro and of interstitial omphacite in the albitite. Thermodynamic modelling (i.e., via isochemical phase diagrams) performed on a gabbro sample suggests for this unit a minimum of 9 kbar and 300°C and a maximum of 15 kbar and 450°C. Overlapping these P–T conditions with those inferred for the albitite based on the observed mineral assemblage allows the Alpine peak metamorphism to be constrained to 10–11 kbar and 340–360°C. These P–T conditions suggest a thickness of the overlying nappe stack of about 35–40 km, which is incompatible with obduction or burial processes, and instead consistent with subduction processes related to the Alpine orogeny. We argue that, opposite to the common belief that the Chenaillet Ophiolite escaped Alpine metamorphism, our new data strongly support the idea that it experienced low temperature‐blueschist‐facies metamorphism, whose evidence can still be tracked in those (few) rocks that better recorded and preserved it. This finding generates new challenging questions regarding both subduction and exhumation processes in complex orogens such as the Western Alps.
Co‐culture of iNeurons with primary human skin cells provides a reliable model to examine intercellular communication
Authors: Labarrade Florian , Botto Jean‐Marie , Imbert Isabelle 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe skin is a sensory organ, densely innervated with various types of sensory nerve endings, capable of discriminating touch, environmental sensations, proprioception, and physical affection. Neurons communication with skin cells confer to the tissue the ability to undergo adaptive modifications during response to environmental changes or wound healing after injury. Thought for a long time to be dedicated to the central nervous system, the glutamatergic neuromodulation is increasingly described in peripheral tissues. Glutamate receptors and transporters have been identified in the skin. There is a strong interest in understanding the communication between keratinocytes and neurons, as the close contacts with intra‐epidermal nerve fibers is a favorable site for efficient communication. To date, various coculture models have been described. However, these models were based on non‐human or immortalized cell line. Even the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is posing limitations because of epigenetic variations during the reprogramming process.MethodsIn this study, we performed small molecule‐driven direct conversion of human skin primary fibroblasts into induced neurons (iNeurons).ResultsThe resulting iNeurons were mature, showed pan‐neuronal markers, and exhibited a glutamatergic subtype and C‐type fibers characteristics. Autologous coculture of iNeurons with human primary keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and melanocytes was performed and remained healthy for many days, making possible to study the establishment of intercellular interactions.ConclusionHere, we report that iNeurons and primary skin cells established contacts, with neurite ensheathment by keratinocytes, and demonstrated that iNeurons cocultured with primary skin cells provide a reliable model to examine intercellular communication.
Bibliometric analysis of global research on breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer from 2011 to 2021
Authors: Zhang Hongyi , Gao Yakun , Ying Jianghui , Yu Hang , Guo Rong , Xiong Jiachao , Jiang Hua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world, and most patients require a mastectomy. Women who have undergone mastectomy often suffer from breast loss that seriously affects their daily life, and breast reconstruction is not only beneficial to patient's quick recovery after surgery, but also their mental health. So, in recent years, more and more female breast cancer patients are receiving breast reconstruction surgery. We aim to map hot trends in breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer and provide directions for future research.MethodsWe screened all literature (2011–2021) on breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer from The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and analyzed research trends in this field using Vosviewer and CiteSpace.ResultsBased on the search results, a total of 3404 articles related to breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer were screened. The US (n = 1371) is the country with the highest number of articles, followed by Italy (n = 282) and the UK (n = 277). Harvard University (n = 183) was the institution with the highest number of publications, followed by the University of Texas (n = 141) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (n = 136). Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery is the most published journal in the field. Pusic AL is the most published author in the field, while Matros E is the most cited author on average. Cluster analysis showed that breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer is a hot topic of research by scholars, and more and more experts recommend breast reconstruction for breast cancer patients.ConclusionsThis study comprehensively summarizes and analyzes global research trends in breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer. In the past 10 years, there has been a significant increase in relevant high‐quality publications in this field, and the field of breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer has a promising future.
Artisanal and sanitary inspection seals impact on acceptance and emotions of colonial cheese consumption
Authors: Pereira Larissa , Sant'Anna Voltaire , Roldan Bruna Bresolin , Padilha Rosiele Lappe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of sanitary inspection and artisanal related seal on colonial cheese acceptance and the emotions they evoke on consumers. Volunteers blindly rated their acceptance of four samples of a same batch cheese, which were related to different labels and checked all emojis. When consumers were exposed to the label without any seal the acceptance were higher than when they were presented to labels with the seals studied. Cheese acceptance evoked positive emotions, meanwhile the sanitary inspection seal was presented on product label, neutral, and negative emotions. The artisanal seal was associated with positive emotions, which was similar behavior when both seals were on cheese label. The impact of the sanitary inspection seal stimuli on acceptance was not related to volunteers' sociodemographic profile. Thus, seals impact on sensorial perception and emotions, and it is related to consumers' socio‐demographic characteristics.Practical applicationResults contribute to the discussion over the artisanal products (cheeses in the present work) showing that the presence of regulatory seals impacts negatively on sensory acceptance and evokes other emotions that not only with positive valence. Also, results show that sociodemographic profile is related to sensory perception changes due to the presence of seals onto cheese labels. Thus, the present work brings the important information for to governments' agencies to further food policies and cheesemaking factories marketing drivers.
Quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance images for characterization of blood‐brain barrier dysfunction in dogs with brain tumors
Authors: Hanael Erez , Baruch Shelly , Chai Orit , Lishitsky Liron , Blum Tal , Rapoport Kira , Ruggeri Marco , Aizenberg Zahi , Peery Dana , Meyerhoff Nina , Volk Holger Andreas , De Decker Steven , Tipold Andrea , Baumgaertner Wolfgang , Friedman Alon , Shamir Merav 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability can be assessed quantitatively using advanced imaging analysis.Hypothesis/ObjectivesQuantification and characterization of blood‐brain barrier dysfunction (BBBD) patterns in dogs with brain tumors can provide useful information about tumor biology and assist in distinguishing between gliomas and meningiomas.AnimalsSeventy‐eight hospitalized dogs with brain tumors and 12 control dogs without brain tumors.MethodsIn a 2‐arm study, images from a prospective dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE; n = 15) and a retrospective archived magnetic resonance imaging study (n = 63) were analyzed by DCE and subtraction enhancement analysis (SEA) to quantify BBB permeability in affected dogs relative to control dogs (n = 6 in each arm). For the SEA method, 2 ranges of postcontrast intensity differences, that is, high (HR) and low (LR), were evaluated as possible representations of 2 classes of BBB leakage. BBB score was calculated for each dog and was associated with clinical characteristics and tumor location and class. Permeability maps were generated, using the slope values (DCE) or intensity difference (SEA) of each voxel, and analyzed.ResultsDistinctive patterns and distributions of BBBD were identified for intra‐ and extra‐axial tumors. At a cutoff of 0.1, LR/HR BBB score ratio yielded a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 100% in differentiating gliomas from meningiomas.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBlood‐brain barrier dysfunction quantification using advanced imaging analyses has the potential to be used for assessment of brain tumor characteristics and behavior and, particularly, to help differentiating gliomas from meningiomas.
Bryophytes of Europe Traits (BET) data set: A fundamental tool for ecological studies
Authors: van Zuijlen Kristel , Nobis Michael P. , Hedenäs Lars , Hodgetts Nick , Calleja Alarcón Juan A. , Albertos Belén , Bernhardt‐Römermann Markus , Gabriel Rosalina , Garilleti Ricardo , Lara Francisco , Preston Chris D. , Simmel Josef , Urmi Edi , Bisang Irene , Bergamini Ariel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBryophytes are a diverse group of organisms with unique properties, yet they are severely underrepresented in plant trait databases. Building on the recently published European Red List of bryophytes and previous trait compilations, we present the Bryophytes of Europe Traits (BET) data set, including biological traits such as those related to life history, growth habit, sexual and vegetative reproduction; ecological traits such as indicator values, substrate and habitat; and bioclimatic variables based on the species' European range. The data set includes values for 65 traits and 25 bioclimatic variables, containing more than 135,000 trait values with a completeness of 82.7% on average. The data set will enable future studies in bryophyte biology, ecology and conservation, and may help to answer fundamental questions in bryology.
Improving reinforcement learning algorithms: Towards optimal learning rate policies
Authors: Mounjid Othmane , Lehalle Charles‐Albert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper shows how to use results of statistical learning theory and stochastic algorithms to have a better understanding of the convergence of Reinforcement Learning (RL) once it is formulated as a fixed point problem. This can be used to propose improvement of RL learning rates. First, our analysis shows that the classical asymptotic convergence rate is pessimistic and can be replaced by with , and the number of iterations. Second, we propose a dynamic optimal policy for the choice of the learning rate used in RL. We decompose our policy into two interacting levels: the inner and outer levels. In the inner level, we present the PASS algorithm (for “PAst Sign Search”) which, based on a predefined sequence of learning rates, constructs a new sequence for which the error decreases faster. The convergence of PASS is proved and error bounds are established. In the outer level, we propose an optimal methodology for the selection of the predefined sequence. Third, we show empirically that our selection methodology of the learning rate outperforms significantly standard algorithms used in RL for the three following applications: the estimation of a drift, the optimal placement of limit orders, and the optimal execution of a large number of shares.
Phylogenomic insights into the origin and evolutionary history of evergreen broadleaved forests in East Asia under Cenozoic climate change
Authors: Qin Sheng‐Yuan , Zuo Zheng‐Yu , Guo Cen , Du Xin‐Yu , Liu Shui‐Yin , Yu Xiang‐Qin , Xiang Xiao‐Guo , Rong Jun , Liu Bing , Liu Zhi‐Fang , Ma Peng‐Fei , Li De‐Zhu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe evergreen versus deciduous leaf habit is an important functional trait for adaptation of forest trees and has been hypothesized to be related to the evolutionary processes of the component species under paleoclimatic change, and potentially reflected in the dynamic history of evergreen broadleaved forests (EBLFs) in East Asia. However, knowledge about the shift of evergreen versus deciduous leaf with the impact of paleoclimatic change using genomic data remains rare. Here, we focus on the Litsea complex (Lauraceae), a key lineage with dominant species of EBLFs, to gain insights into how evergreen versus deciduous trait shifted, providing insights into the origin and historical dynamics of EBLFs in East Asia under Cenozoic climate change. We reconstructed a robust phylogeny of the Litsea complex using genome‐wide single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) with eight clades resolved. Fossil‐calibrated analyses, diversification rate shifts, ancestral habit, ecological niche modelling and climate niche reconstruction were employed to estimate its origin and diversification pattern. Taking into account studies on other plant lineages dominating EBLFs of East Asia, it was revealed that the prototype of EBLFs in East Asia probably emerged in the Early Eocene (55–50 million years ago [Ma]), facilitated by the greenhouse warming. As a response to the cooling and drying climate in the Middle to Late Eocene (48–38 Ma), deciduous habits were evolved in the dominant lineages of the EBLFs in East Asia. Up to the Early Miocene (23 Ma), the prevailing of East Asian monsoon increased the extreme seasonal precipitation and accelerated the emergence of evergreen habits of the dominant lineages, and ultimately shaped the vegetation resembling that of today.
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) expression in the enteric nervous system and contributions of glial STING in disease
Authors: Dharshika Christine , Gonzales Jacques , Chow Aaron , Morales‐Soto Wilmarie , Gulbransen Brian D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAppropriate host–microbe interactions are essential for enteric glial development and subsequent gastrointestinal function, but the potential mechanisms of microbe–glial communication are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that enteric glia express the pattern recognition receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and communicate with the microbiome through this pathway to modulate gastrointestinal inflammation.MethodsIn situ transcriptional labeling and immunohistochemistry were used to examine STING and IFNβ expression in enteric neurons and glia. Glial‐STING KO mice (Sox10CreERT2+/−;STINGfl/fl) and IFNβ ELISA were used to characterize the role of enteric glia in canonical STING activation. The role of glial STING in gastrointestinal inflammation was assessed in the 3% DSS colitis model.ResultsEnteric glia and neurons express STING, but only enteric neurons express IFNβ. While both the myenteric and submucosal plexuses produce IFNβ with STING activation, enteric glial STING plays a minor role in its production and seems more involved in autophagy processes. Furthermore, deleting enteric glial STING does not affect weight loss, colitis severity, or neuronal cell proportions in the DSS colitis model.ConclusionTaken together, our data support canonical roles for STING and IFNβ signaling in the enteric nervous system through enteric neurons but that enteric glia do not use these same mechanisms. We propose that enteric glial STING may utilize alternative signaling mechanisms and/or is only active in particular disease conditions. Regardless, this study provides the first glimpse of STING signaling in the enteric nervous system and highlights a potential avenue of neuroglial‐microbial communication.