bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3) inhibits HIV-1 replication via promoting APOBEC3G (A3G) expression in both enzyme activity-dependent and -independent manners
Authors: Zhao Simin , Zheng Baisong , Wang Liuli , Cui Wenzhe , Jiang Chunlai , Li Zhuo , Gao Wenying , Zhang Wenyan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:
Ubiquitination plays an essential role in many biological processes, including viral infection, and can be reversed by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Although some studies discovered that DUBs inhibit or enhance viral infection by various mechanisms, there is lack of information on the role of DUBs in virus regulation, which needs to be further investigated.

Methods:
Immunoblotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction, in vivo/in vitro deubiquitination, protein immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and co-localization biological techniques were employed to examine the effect of ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3) on APOBEC3G (A3G) stability and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. To analyse the relationship between USP3 and HIV disease progression, we recruited 20 HIV-infected patients to detect the levels of USP3 and A3G in peripheral blood and analysed their correlation with CD4+ T-cell counts. Correlation was estimated by Pearson correlation coefficients (for parametric data).

Results:
The results demonstrated that USP3 specifically inhibits HIV-1 replication in an A3G-dependent manner. Further investigation found that USP3 stabilized 90% to 95% of A3G expression by deubiquitinating Vif-mediated polyubiquitination and blocking its degradation in an enzyme-dependent manner. It also enhances the A3G messenger RNA (mRNA) level by binding to A3G mRNA and stabilizing it in an enzyme-independent manner. Moreover, USP3 expression was positively correlated with A3G expression (r = 0.5110) and CD4+ T-cell counts (r = 0.5083) in HIV-1-infected patients.

Conclusions:
We found that USP3 restricts HIV-1 viral infections by increasing the expression of the antiviral factor A3G. Therefore, USP3 may be an important target for drug development and serve as a novel therapeutic strategy against viral infections.
Persistently low CD4 cell counts are associated with hepatic events in HCV/HIV coinfected patients: data from the national free antiretroviral treatment program of China
Authors: Lin Weiyin , Zhong Huolin , Wen Chunyan , He Yaozu , Zheng Xiaowen , Li Hong , Chen Xiejie , He Haolan , Chen Jinfeng , Chen Lijuan , Liu Cong , Tang Xiaoping , Cai Weiping , Li Linghua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:
Chronic liver disease has emerged as a leading cause of non-AIDS-related mortality in hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-coinfected patients. The relationship between CD4 cell count and HIV-related opportunistic infections and tumors has been well characterized; however, it is unclear whether CD4 cell count is associated with HCV-related hepatic events.

Methods:
This observational cohort study enrolled HCV/HIV-coinfected patients from the National Free Antiretroviral Treatment Program of China from 2004 to 2019 in Guangzhou. The primary outcome was a composite of hepatic events, including cirrhosis complications, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver-related mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results:
Among the 793 patients, 43 developed hepatic events during a median follow-up of 6.7 years, including 35 cirrhosis complications, 13 HCC cases, and 14 cases of liver-related mortality. The 5-year and 10-year cumulative incidences of hepatic events were 4.2% and 9.3%, respectively. Patients who developed hepatic events had a less satisfactory increase in CD4 cell count, lower peak CD4 (354.5/μL vs. 560.0/μL, P < 0.001), and lower percentage of peak CD4 > 500/μL (30.2% vs. 60.7%, P < 0.001) after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) than those who did not. The cumulative incidences of hepatic events were higher in patients with lower peak CD4 levels with adjusted odds ratios of 3.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51–10.40), 2.25 (95% CI: 0.87–5.86), and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.35–2.74) for patients with peak CD4 at <200/μL, 200–350/μL, and 351 to 500/μL, respectively, relative to those with peak CD4 > 500/μL. Peak CD4 was negatively associated with the risk of hepatic events in a dose–response manner (P-value for trend = 0.004).

Conclusion:
Persistently low CD4 cell counts after ART are independently associated with a high risk of hepatic events in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients, highlighting the important role of immune reconstitution in improving liver outcomes.
Hyaluronic Acid Fillers, Needle Contamination by Fastidious Microorganisms, and Risk of Complications
Authors: Cavallini Maurizio , Casasco Andrea , Ferrara Fulvio , Raichi Mauro , Spinelli Giuseppina 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND
Complications are becoming ever more common with the increased use of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers in aesthetic medicine. Complications due to needle contamination with fastidious microorganisms are no exception.

OBJECTIVE
To perform, in a top Italian aesthetic medicine facility, what the authors think is the first monitoring program of microbial needle contamination of cross-linked HA gel fillers after the prefilled syringes with gel residues were stored for retouches after the first aesthetic procedure.

METHODS
Needle contamination monitoring study, performed between January and November 2019, on 35 needles (caliber, 30 and 27 G) stored at 4°C in their resealed filler packages for possible retouch after a first aesthetic treatment involving the middle and lower facial thirds. Women's age: 35 to 70 years old.

RESULTS
The search for contaminating agents of the 3 monitored bacterial contaminants (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and anaerobes) as well as yeasts and molds always tested negative. In the days and months after treatment, no patients in post-treatment controls showed evidence of infection in the treated areas.

CONCLUSION
The observational retrospective study confirms that good storage conditions, including monitored refrigeration, avoid the risk of contamination of partially used HA gel fillers by fastidious microorganisms.
Limb salvage surgery for calcaneal chondrosarcoma: A case report
Authors: Wang Jingming , Yu Xiuchun , Zheng Kai , Xu Ming 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Limb salvage surgery for calcaneal sarcomas remains challenging due to its poor compartmentalization. While below-knee amputation is still the standard choice of operative treatment, total calcanectomy with or without reconstruction was advocated. This report aims to analyze the clinical outcome of calcaneal reconstruction with cement and replantation in situ after the inactivation of tumor.

Methods:
We describe a 73-year-old male patient who suffered chronic pain and increasingly larger neoplasm in the left foot for about 3 years. Based on the results of percutaneous biopsy, a diagnosis of chondrosarcoma was made.

Results:
The patient underwent total calcanectomy, inactivation of calcaneus tumor, and reconstruction with cement. The Achilles tendon was detached through a Cincinnati incision. No adverse events occurred both during and after the surgery. At the last follow-up of 29 months, the patient claimed no pain, no evident limp, or any limitation of daily activities. Image examination, weight-bearing test, and MSTS score revealed a satisfactory result.

Conclusion:
Calcaneal reconstruction with bone cement after total calcanectomy, inactivation of calcaneus tumor, and replantation in situ is likely to provide a feasible surgical choice and a satisfactory clinical outcome.
Comparison of radiofrequency ablation and antiarrhythmic drug for the treatment of atrial fibrillation: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Junping , Gan Yujun , Shan Yuxuan , Guo Hui 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Antiarrhythmic drugs and radiofrequency ablation are first-line treatments of atrial fibrillation, however, there exists a paucity of data regarding the potential benefit of different catheter ablation technologies versus antiarrhythmic drugs as an early rhythm strategy. We performed a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation and antiarrhythmic drugs for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Methods:
This review protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42022375095). Additionally, this review will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols 2015 Statement. A computerized literature search will be performed in the following electronic databases from their inceptions to November 2022: PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Data Information, and Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals. The risk of bias will be assessed independently by 2 authors using the Cochrane tool of risk of bias. All statistical analyses will be conducted using the software program Review Manager version 5.3.

Results:
The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
This study provides evidence of the comparison of radiofrequency ablation and antiarrhythmic drugs for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
Thermal ablation for cervical lymph node metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Yun , Wang Yueai , Liu Fang , Liao Yacong , Wang Qun , Xiao Xiaoyi 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Traditionally, surgery has been the standard treatment for cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, thermal ablation is currently recommended by several guidelines. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation for lymph node metastasis in patients with PTC.

Methods:
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases until March 2022 to collect studies on thermal ablation (including radiofrequency, microwave, and laser ablations) for cervical lymph node metastasis from PTC.

Results:
A total of 190 patients were included, ranging from 5 to 39 in each study, with a sex ratio (male/female) ranging from 1/4 to 17/20, an average age ranging from 15.6 ± 3.0 to 62.3 ± 13.2 (yr), and a total of 270 cervical lymph nodes, ranging from 8 to 98. The follow-up results showed that thermal ablation significantly reduced the maximum diameter and volume of metastatic lymph nodes in PTC (P < .01). The pooled complete disappearance rate was 86% (95% confidence interval 79% to 93%). Thyroglobulin levels were significantly lower after surgery (P < .01). No major complications occurred, and the combined voice change rate was as low as 1% [CI 0% to 3%].

Conclusion:
Our meta-analysis showed that thermal ablation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of cervical lymph node metastases from PTC. Considering the limitations of this study, more prospective, multicenter, large-sample studies are needed in the future.
Misdiagnosed centipede and scorpion poisoning characterized by delayed hypersensitivity reaction: A case report
Authors: Li Yaxin , Jin Qiaoling , Li Zhong , Chen Menglin , Xie Linshen 
Published: December 2022

Rationale:
Traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in China and Asian countries. According to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, centipedes and scorpions have the functions of relaxing spasm, eliminating masses, relieving pain, and dredging meridians and collaterals. Improper medication can lead to serious adverse reactions.

Patient concerns:
One 38-years-old female presented to our hospital because of cough and fever for more than 10 days. Ineffective anti-infection treatment, delayed skin rashes and supplementary medical history guided us to take centipede and scorpion poisoning into consideration.

Diagnoses:
Delayed hypersensitivity caused by centipedes and scorpions.

Interventions:
Anti-allergic therapy with glucocorticoid (methylprednisolone 40 mg/day) and H1 receptor antagonists (loratadine 10 mg/day).

Outcomes:
During the 1 year follow-up revealed, no fever, rash and any discomfort occurred.

Lessons:
This case suggests that because oral Chinese medicine poisoning is rare, detailed collection of medical history is particularly important for poisoning diagnosis.
Misdiagnosis of hepatic cystic echinococcosis complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Wang Zheng , Yang Jin-Yu , Xia Pan , Zhu Hai-Hong , Gai Zhi-Gang 
Published: December 2022

Rationale:
Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a common zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the entry of Echinococcus granulosus eggs into human body. Surgical resection is the optimal treatment choice for hepatic CE. However, Coexistence of CE and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported with a rare incidence rate, which led to unsatisfactory prognosis after the operation.

Patient concerns:
A 69-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital because of “Upper abdominal pain and discomfort for more than 1 month and an aggravation for 10 days.”

Diagnosis:
An elderly male herder who was initially diagnosed as hepatic CE, and none of the preoperative imaging test revealed the existence of HCC. Co-existence of hepatic CE and HCC was confirmed by the postoperative pathological examination.

Interventions:
The patient underwent “combined hepatic segmental resection, portal vein thrombectomy, portal vein repairment, hepatic hydatid internal capsule removal and external subtotal resection, cholecystectomy”.

Outcomes:
During follow-up after discharge, the patient did not regularly review and get further treatment and died 8 months after operation.

Lessons:
May improve the clinicians’ understanding of CE complicated with HCC, and reduce the misdiagnosis of similar case, as well as provide guidance for clinical treatment.
The mechanism study of Miao medicine Tongfengting decoction in the treatment of gout based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Peng Xin , Huang Cong , Zhang Nannan , Cao Yuepeng , Chen Zhigang , Ma Wukai , Liu Zhengqi 
Published: December 2022

Aim:This study sought to clarify the mechanism of action of Miao medicine Tongfengting decoction in the treatment of gout through network pharmacology and molecular docking by searching for its key targets and related pathways.Methods:The active ingredients of Miao medicine Tongfengting Decoction were obtained from the TCMSP data platform, searched the relevant databases for gout-related targets,using String and Cytoscape 3.9 to build a “compound-cross-target-disease” network diagram,performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis in the DAVID database, and performed the docking analysis using PyMoL 2.3.0 and AutoDock.Results:After screening, 298 main targets of the Miao medicine Tongfengting decoction for gout were identified. The target network is established, and the topology of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network is analyzed. The enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway showed that these targets were related to Pathways in cancer, PI3K Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and other pathways. Molecular docking showed that the target protein had good binding power with the main active components of the compound of Miao medicine Tongfengting Decoction.Conclusion:Miao medicine Tongfengting decoction probably regulates immune mechanism using a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway strategy to reduce inflammatory response and exert its therapeutic effect on gout.
A prospective, randomized trial of the effect of buprenorphine continuation versus dose reduction on pain control and post-operative opioid use
Authors: Quaye Aurora , Silvia Kristen , Richard Janelle , Ibrahim Yussr , Craig Wendy Y. , Rosen Clifford 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
An increasing number of individuals are taking buprenorphine for management of opioid use disorder (OUD). Pain control can be challenging when these patients develop acute pain requiring supplemental analgesia. Buprenorphine’s pharmacokinetic profile can render supplemental opioid-based analgesia ineffective. There is limited guidance on the optimal management of buprenorphine when acute pain is anticipated. Although there is growing acceptance that the risk of OUD relapse with buprenorphine discontinuation overshadows the risks of increased opioid utilization and difficult pain control with buprenorphine continuation, perioperative courses comparing buprenorphine dose reduction and full dose buprenorphine continuation have yet to be investigated. Here, we describe the protocol for our randomized controlled, prospective trial investigating the effect of buprenorphine continuation compared to buprenorphine dose reduction on pain control, post-operative opioid use, and OUD symptom management in patients on buprenorphine scheduled for elective surgery.

Methods and analysis:
This is a single institution, randomized trial that aims to enroll 80 adults using 12 mg buprenorphine or greater for treatment of OUD, scheduled for elective surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive 8mg of buprenorphine on the day of surgery onwards until postsurgical pain subsides or to have their buprenorphine formulation continued at full dose perioperatively. Primary outcome will be a clinically significant difference in pain scores 24 hours following surgery. Secondary outcomes will be opioid consumption at 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively, opioid dispensing up to 30 days following surgery, changes in mood and withdrawal symptoms, opioid cravings, relapse of opioid misuse, and continued use of buprenorphine treatment postoperatively.
Elucidating the mechanism of Hongjinshen decoction in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Chen Haixu , Lin Yu , Zeng Lianlin , Liu Shiwei 
Published: December 2022

Background:
To explore the mechanism of compound Hongginshen decoction in improving pulmonary fibrosis based on network pharmacology.

Methods:
The active components and targets of ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database. The chemical components of Rhodiola, Ophiopogon japonicus, and Dendrobium were screened using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID), and the target compounds were predicted by the Swisstargets method. The related target genes of pulmonary fiber (PF) were screened by the Genecards database and the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. The protein–protein interaction network was drawn using the string database and Cytoscape software, and the network topology was analyzed. Then, using R3.6.3 software, biological processes, molecular function, cell component enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were carried out on the common targets of drugs and diseases. The network diagram of the “traditional Chinese medicine composition disease target” of Compound Hongginshen Decoction was constructed and analyzed with the software of Cytoscape 3.6.1.

Results:
We identified 159 active components and 2820 targets in Compound Hongginshen Decoction, and 2680 targets in pulmonary fibrosis. A total of 343 common targets were obtained by the intersection of drug targets and disease targets. protein–protein interaction protein interaction network analysis showed that PIK3CA, PIK3R1, MAPK1, SRC, AKT1, and so on may be the core targets of the compound Hongjingshen recipe in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 3463 items, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 181 related signaling pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HCMV pathway, Hb pathway, PGs pathway, and KSHV signaling pathway.

Conclusion:
Compound Hongginshen Decoction has the characteristics of a multichannel and multitargeted effect in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Radix Ophiopogonis and Dendrobium officinale play a key role in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. The whole compound prescription may play a therapeutic role by affecting cell metabolism, being anti-inflammatory, regulating the immune system, promoting angiogenesis, and improving anaerobic metabolism.
Alterations of gut microbiome and effects of probiotic therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Long , Yu Qingsheng , Peng Hui , Zhen Zhou 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Alterations in the gut microbiome usually occur in liver cirrhosis. Gut microbiome dysregulation damages the liver and accelerates the development of liver fibrosis. Probiotic treatment has gradually become a major method for improving the prognosis of liver cirrhosis and reducing its complications. However, alterations in the gut microbiome have revealed different results, and the therapeutic effects of various probiotics are inconsistent.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases up to August 2022 and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 relevant studies.

Results:
The counts of Enterobacter (standardized mean difference [SMD] −1.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.08 to −0.49) and Enterococcus (SMD −1.41, 95% CI: −2.26 to −0.55) increased significantly in patients with cirrhosis, while the counts of Lactobacillus (SMD 0.63, 95% CI: 0.12–1.15) and Bifidobacterium (SMD 0.44, 95% CI: 0.12–0.77) decreased significantly. Blood ammonia (weighted mean difference [WMD] 14.61, 95% CI: 7.84–21.37) and the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy (WMD 0.40, 95% CI: 0.27–0.61) were significantly decreased in the probiotic group. As for mortality (MD 0.75, 95% CI: 0.48–1.16) and the incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (WMD −0.02, 95% CI: −0.07 to 0.03), no significant differences were found between the probiotic and placebo groups.

Conclusion:
In summary, the gut microbiome in cirrhosis manifests as decreased counts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and increased counts of Enterobacter and Enterococcus. Targeted supplementation of probiotics in cirrhosis, including Lactobacillus combined with Bifidobacterium or Bifidobacterium alone, can reduce blood ammonia and the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy. The effect is similar to that of lactulose, but it has no obvious effect on mortality and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.