bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Siklus Menstruasi dan Usia Menarche dengan Dismenor Primer pada Siswi Kelas X
Authors: Wardani Psiari Kusuma , Fitriana Fitriana , Casmi Saras Cipta 
Published: May 2023

Dismenore merupakan rasa nyeri yang terjadi saat mentruasi, dimana hali ini disebabkan karena adanya kontraksi uterus sewaktu pengeluaran darah mentruasi yang dapat berlangsung antara 32-48 jam. Kejadian Dismenore di dunia didapatkan 1.769.425 jika (90%) yang mengalami dismenore, 10 – 15% diantaranya, mengalami dismenore berat. Di Indonesia angka kejadian dismenore sebesar 64,25%. Sedangkan data di tingkat provinsi Lampung tahun 2014 didapatkan 40% wanita yang mengalami dismenore primer sampai menyebabkan absennya siswi tersebut dalam kegiatan belajar di kelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan siklus menstruasi dan usia menarche dengan dismenore primer pada siswi kelas X di SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung tahun 2020.Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswi kelas X di SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung tahun 2020 yang berjumlah 106 siswi. Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini menggunakan metode total sampling. Cara pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Analisis univariat berupa distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil penelitian diperoleh dari 106 responden diperoleh proporsi dismenore primer sebesar 67,9%, proporsi siklus menstruasi tidak normal sebesar 67,9% dan proporsi usia menarche 12 tahun sebesar 64,2%. Hasil analisis hubungan siklus menstruasi dengan dismenore primer diperoleh p-value = 0,000 sedangkan hubungan menarche dengan dismenore primer diperoleh p-value = 0,000. Kesimpulannya yaitu ada hubungan antara siklus mentrsuasi, usia menarche dengan dismenore primer pada siswi kelas X di SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung tahun 2020. Saran yang dapat diberikan bagi siswi SMA Negeri 15 Bandar Lampung adalah untuk mengurangi nyeri haid (Dismenore) yaitu dengan cara menerapkan gaya hidup sehat, makan-makanan yang bergizi, beraktivitas jangan terlalu berat, olahraga ringan serta istirahat yang cukup.Kata Kunci : Siklus Menstruasi, Usia Menarche, Dismenore Primer
It’s My Party, I’ll Endorse If I Want To:
Authors: Vizcarrondo Tom 
Published: May 2023

This experimental study examines the impact of endorsements by party elites with a primary election for the U.S. Senate. This experiment used a pretest-posttest design to identify and measure an endorsement’s effect on participants’ evaluations of the endorsed primary candidate and the unendorsed primary candidate, as well as their evaluations of the endorser and their political party. Results showed that such endorsements impacted participants’ assessments of both the endorsed and unendorsed candidates, while the impact on perceptions of their political party approached a level of significance. Implications of these results are discussed, and recommendations for future research initiatives are presented.
Antibacterial Activity of the Sea hare, Dolabella auricularia, Egg String Extracts Against the Escherichia coli
Authors: Erespe Marites , Sorrosa Joy 
Published: May 2023

An assay was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of various concentrations of the Sea hare, Dolabella auricularia, egg string extracts against the bacterium, Escherichia coli, using disk diffusion method. The study was conducted at the Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology (DOSCST), City of Mati, Davao Oriental. Escherichia coli showed susceptibility to the extract from a mixture of 0.6g powdered, dried-green, and dried-brown D. auricularia egg strings per ml ethanol. Extract obtained from the freshly-laid green strings showed a mean of 8.51 mm zone of inhibition while the one from brown-dried egg strings had a mean of 7.71 mm. Results suggest that D. auricularia egg string extracts contain antibacterial factors which were evident if extracts are taken from dried egg strings and applied at a higher level of concentration of 0.6g/ml. The freshly-laid green egg strings showed to have more antibacterial factors than the mature, brown egg strings.
7-hydroxy-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-5-methoxy-3-4-dimethylisobenzofuran-a(3H)-one and 4, 8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3,4,5-trimethyIisochroman-1-one using MOPAC Software
Authors: Tayone Wilanfranco 
Published: May 2023

A benzofuranone type of compound known as 7-hydroxy-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-5methoxy-3,4-dimethylisobenzofuran-1 (3H)-one (1) and 4,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3,4,5trimethylisochroman-l-one (2) were studied for the molecular modeling using MOPAC. Compound 1 was originally isolated from the fungus Leptosphaeria sp. KTC 727. Initial Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses using I H, 13C, Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY), Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence (HMQC), Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Coherence (HMBC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) suggested 1 and 2 as the candidate planar structures. Succeeding chemical experiments confirmed it to be 1 and not 2. This study provided new confirmatory evidence about the exclusion of 2 as possible candidate compound via theoretical computation approach using MOPAC software.
Studi Nitrasi Cellulosa dengan Asam Nitrat dalam Media Asam Sulfat sebagai Alternatif Bahan Pendorong Amunisi
Authors: Khalid Khairun , Winarno Umar , Susilo Tarsisius , Tambunan Dendy Chandra 
Published: May 2023

Nitrocellulose was prepared through chemical nitration using the basic material of cotton (cellulose) with nitric acid nitrator in the sulfuric acid medium at low temperatures. The success of nitrocellulose synthesis was examined by burning tests and chemical tests with FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared). In addition, this study is essential as it uses economical and abundantly available basic materials. This study used an experimental method with a chemical reaction of the nitration of cellulose to nitrocellulose. In this experiment, we focused on the amount of cotton (cellulose) being dipped into the acid mixture and the optimal comparison from the literature. It is because the cellulose reactant has a different solid phase from the acidic reactant phase. The composition of 115 grams of nitrocellulose requires 30 ccs of HNO3, 40 ccs of H2SO4, and a reaction period of 1 hour. The results of the combustion test of nitrocellulose showed a licking flame which is typical for explosive materials. In the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) test, there were peaks indicating the nitrate (-NO2) functional group.
Nitroselulosa dibuat dengan cara nitrasi kimia dengan bahan dasar kapas (celulosa) dan nitrator asam nitrat dalam media asam sulfat pada suhu rendah. Uji terhadap keberhasilan sintesis Nitroselulose dilakukan dengan uji bakar dan uji kimia dengan FTIR (Fourier Transfor Infrared). Selain itu penelitian ini penting karena bahan dasar yang dipergunakan sangat murah dan mudah diperoleh di pasaran. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode experimen dengan reaksi kimia nitrasi selulosa menjandi nitroselulosa. Hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam experimen ini adalah banyaknya kapas (selulosa) yang bisa dicelupkan kedalam campuran asam, dan perbandingan optimal dari literatur. Hal ini dilakukan karena reaktan selulosa berfasa padat yang berbeda dengan fasa reaktan asam. Komposisi untuk nitroselulosa 115 gram memerlukan HNO3 30 cc, H2SO4 40 cc dan reaksi selama 1 jam. Uji bakar terhadap hasil nitroselulos menunjukkan adanya nyala yang menjilat yang merupakan penanda bahan eksplosif. Uji dengan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) juga menunjukkan adanya puncak-puncak yang mewakili gugus fungsi nitrat (-NO2).
American Radium Society Appropriate Use Criteria for Radiation Therapy in the Multidisciplinary Management of Thymic Carcinoma
Authors: Chun Stephen G. , Rimner Andreas , Amini Arya , Chang Joe Y. , Donington Jessica , Edelman Martin J. , Geng Yimin , Gubens Matthew A. , Higgins Kristin A. , Iyengar Puneeth , Movsas Benjamin , Ning Matthew S. , Park Henry S. , Rodrigues George , Wolf Andrea , Simone Charles B. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceThymic carcinoma is rare, and its oncologic management is controversial due to a paucity of prospective data. For this reason, multidisciplinary consensus guidelines are crucial to guide oncologic management.ObjectiveTo develop expert multidisciplinary consensus guidelines on the management of common presentations of thymic carcinoma.Evidence ReviewCase variants spanning the spectrum of stage I to IV thymic carcinoma were developed by the 15-member multidisciplinary American Radium Society (ARS) Thoracic Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) expert panel to address management controversies. A comprehensive review of the English-language medical literature from 1980 to 2021 was performed to inform consensus guidelines. Variants and procedures were evaluated by the panel using modified Delphi methodology. Agreement/consensus was defined as less than or equal to 3 rating points from median. Consensus recommendations were then approved by the ARS Executive Committee and subject to public comment per established ARS procedures.FindingsThe ARS Thoracic AUC panel identified 89 relevant references and obtained consensus for all procedures evaluated for thymic carcinoma. Minimally invasive thymectomy was rated as usually inappropriate (regardless of stage) due to the infiltrative nature of thymic carcinomas. There was consensus that conventionally fractionated radiation (1.8-2 Gy daily) to a dose of 45 to 60 Gy adjuvantly and 60 to 66 Gy in the definitive setting is appropriate and that elective nodal irradiation is inappropriate. For radiation technique, the panel recommended use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy or proton therapy (rather than 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy) to reduce radiation exposure to the heart and lungs.Conclusions and RelevanceThe ARS Thoracic AUC panel has developed multidisciplinary consensus guidelines for various presentations of thymic carcinoma, perhaps the most well referenced on the topic.
Adaptive backstepping control for uncertain nonlinear systems in the presence of variable input saturation: Ensuring stability by normalization and improving the performance of parameter identification
Authors: Kim Dong Chol , Kim Gyu Phil , Nam Chang Chol , Choe Wang Su 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARYAdaptive control design schemes in the presence of input saturation have received much attention over the last two decades. However, few researchers have addressed the issue of designing the adaptive control system in the presence of unknown or variable input saturation. We propose an adaptive backstepping control method for single input uncertain nonlinear system with unknown or variable input saturation. This method uses the saturation error at previous time to estimate the saturation error at current time easily and rapidly, and the normalization based on the estimation error is introduced to ensure the stability of the whole adaptive system. We also suggest a new adaptive law to improve the performance of parameter identification in case that the uncertainty of saturation error estimation can be approximately decided. It is valid when parameters identified in the adaptive control system are taken as main design parameters of the other controllers, and especially when their accuracy has a significant influence on control performance of the whole system. Finally, simulation examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Coupling Ferroelectric to colloidal Nanocrystals as a Generic Strategy to Engineer the Carrier Density Landscape
Authors: Cavallo Mariarosa , Bossavit Erwan , Matzen Sylvia , Maroutian Thomas , Alchaar Rodolphe , Dang Tung Huu , Khalili Adrien , Dabard Corentin , Zhang Huichen , Prado Yoann , Abadie Claire , Utterback James K , Dayen Jean Francois , Silly Mathieu G. , Dudin Pavel , Avila Jose , Lhuillier Emmanuel , Pierucci Debora 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe design of infrared nanocrystals‐based (NCs) photodiodes faces a major challenge related to the identification of barriers with a well‐suited band alignment or strategy to finely control the carrier density. Here, this study explores a general complementary approach where the carrier density control is achieved by coupling an NC layer to a ferroelectric material. The up‐and‐down change in ferroelectric polarization directly impacts the NC electronic structure, resulting in the formation of a lateral pn junction. This effect is uncovered directly using nano X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy, which shows a relative energy shift of 115 meV of the NC photoemission signal over the two different up‐ and down‐polarized ferroelectric regions, a shift as large as the open circuit value obtained in the diode stack. The performance of this pn junction reveals enhanced responsivity and reduced noise that lead to a factor 40 increase in the detectivity value.
The Restrained Li/Gel Polymer Electrolyte Interface Deterioration Enabled by the Synergetic Effect of Ultra‐Lithiophilic Interphase and Interfacial Coupling Skeleton
Authors: Zhu Jiaqi , Su Han , Han Xiao , Zhang Daozhen , Li Jingru , Zhong Yu , Xia Xinhui , Wang Xiuli , Tu Jiangping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractQuasi‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries are deemed as one of the most promising next‐generation energy storage devices due to their enhanced safety and high energy density. However, the Li/Gel polymer Electrolyte (GPE) interface deterioration induced by the side reactions, dendrite growth during Li plating, and contact loss during Li stripping will inevitably lead to the failure of the battery. Herein, a Li/Li23Sr6–Li3N/Sr2N anode structure (LSN) prepared by hot‐rolling process is designed, where Sr2N serves as an inert skeleton to retain the interfacial coupling and to avoid contact loss. At the same time, the Li3N–Li23Sr6 interphase with high Li adsorption energy and fast Li+ transfer kinetics regulate the Li plating behavior. Benefitting from the design, when coupled with the carbonate‐based GPE, the lifespan of the symmetric battery with the LSN is extended to 1300 h at 0.2 mA cm−2/0.2 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, the LSN||LiFePO4 (LFP) full cell exhibits a steady cycle with extremely low voltage polarization at 0.5 C after 200 cycles. This study provides a practical strategy to stabilize the Li/GPE interface and deepens the understanding of Li+ plating/stripping behaviors through the interphase.
Efficiency Encapsulation of FK506 with New Dual Self‐Assembly Multi‐Hydrophobic‐Core Nanoparticles for Preventing Keratoplasty Rejection
Authors: Wang Dongmei , Huang Baoshan , Zhu Chenchen , Wang Lei , Jin Jiahui , Tan Jingyang , Li Qing , Xiang Shengjin , Nan Kaihui , Lin Sen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNanoparticles self‐assembled by amphiphilic copolymers for loading hydrophobic molecules are intensively investigated. However, their hydrophobic molecule‐loading capacity is low due to the limitation of hydrophobic groups in these copolymers. In this regard, new lysine oligomer‐based multi‐hydrophobic side chain polymers (MHCPs) are synthesized by polymerization of γ‐benzyl‐l glutamate N‐carboxy anhydride initiated by side‐chain primary amino groups in lysine oligomer. Each hydrophobic side chain in MHCPs can be self‐assembled by hydrophobic interaction to form multi‐hydrophobic‐core nanoparticles (MHC‐NPs) with silkworm cocoon‐, grape cluster‐, and butterfly‐like shapes (depending on hydrophobic‐side‐chains lengths). To increase their stability, MHC‐NPs are dually self‐assembled with polyethylene glycol–polyglutamic acid through charge interaction. Each hydrophobic core in MHC‐NPs serves as a carrier for hydrophobic molecules, endowing their nanostructure with high loading capacity. MHC‐NPs are employed to load tacrolimus (also known as FK506), and the loading amount is 18% and the loading efficiency is 80%, which are higher than those of previously reported nanomicelles self‐assembled by linear amphiphilic copolymers. Topical administration of FK506‐loaded nanoparticle (FK506‐NP) can significantly prolong retention of FK506 on the eye surface. FK506‐NP exhibits higher in vivo immunosuppressive effects than free FK506 and commercial FK506 eye drop, as well as a better protective effect against immunotoxicity in the corneal grafts after keratoplasty.
Transparent Multicolor Electrochromic Displays with Ingenious Hues Adjustment by Integrating Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with Viologen Gel
Authors: Zhao Shiqing , Chen Linsen , Huang Wenbin , Liu Yan‐Hua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe colorization of electrochromic displays (ECDs) has become an intriguing hotspot with fast‐growing demands for the development of displays. Reported colorful inorganic ECDs incorporating optical nanocavity or metal‐dielectric stacks sacrifice transparency and have intrinsic structural color, thus confining plenty of applications as transparent displays. Additionally, most transparent ECDs adopt plane alignments of EC materials that can only show one or several kinds of colors under electrical stimuli. Herein, vertically stacked viologen‐based ECDs integrating cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) are proposed. By applying voltage, rotation, and changing chiral dopants’ concentration, the combined ECDs show enlarged color palette and multi‐mode color modulation. Moreover, red, blue, and green viologen gels are also synthesized by producing dioctyl‐, diethyl‐, and diphenyl‐substituted dipyridyl, which exhibit outstanding performance in terms of high optical variation, fast response speed, long cyclability, etc. Furthermore, the palette area of the CLC layers is dramatically expanded about 5 times more than reported by introducing a birefringent film. The vertically stacked ECDs integrate merits of both CLCs (high color purity and rich hues) and viologens (large variation and low voltage response), which will likely encourage attempts at three‐dimensional colorful EC displays and broaden its applications.
Construction of Ultrasensitive Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Substates Based on TiO2 Aerogels
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Zihan , Tang Xianghu , Liu Zhongping , Xiong Ying , Zhou Xin , Zhu Guoxiang , Zhao Zhiyang , Yan Wenqian , Shi Lingyan , Huang Longjin , Liu Yu , Cui Sheng , He Xuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecent advances in surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on semiconductor substrates offer this technology improved selectivity on top of other advantages, such as cost efficiency. However, the enhancement factor (EF) based on the semiconductors is still low compared with the noble metal substrates. Here, a new strategy of developing the semiconductor substrates based on aerogels is proposed for the first time. According to the modified Herzberg–Teller coupling rule, TiO2 aerogels are selected as the control object because of their large tunability. The surface area, amorphousness, and surface oxygen vacancy densities of TiO2 aerogels are regulated synergically. Due to the tuning of band structure, including band gap and defect band, multiresonant interband charge transfer (CT) pathways are generated and enhanced CT efficiency. A strong, intrinsically activated SERS effect is generated. Amorphous TiO2 aerogel with the highest surface oxygen vacancies shows a significant EF of 2.42 × 107, and TiO2 aerogels afford the large surface area and more active sites, which is conducive to promoting the adsorption of molecules. The aerogel‐based SERS is demonstrated to have wide applicability for ultrasensitive detection of explosives and organic dyes. The aerogel nanomaterials demonstrated here open a way for the construction of low‐cost and high‐sensitivity SERS substrate materials.
Weak Nucleophiles in the Aza‐Michael Reaction
Authors: Rulev Alexander Yu. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe 1,4‐conjugated addition of nitrogen centered nucleophiles to electron‐deficient alkenes is one of the most significant and widely used reactions in modern synthetic organic chemistry. To date, various protocols for the aza‐Michael reaction have been developed. However, these reports mainly focus on the use of strong Michael donors. In recent years, the conjugate addition of weak nitrogen nucleophiles to various Michael acceptors gained increasing popularity. Impressive progress in this area has been achieved by the use of more efficient catalyst systems. This review aims to provide a critical analysis of the results obtained in reactions of weak nucleophiles (azoles, pyrroles, indoles, carbamates, purines, amides, hydrazides, uraciles etc) with electron‐deficient alkenes which were reported over the past twelve years.
A Sustainable Multi‐Dimensional Printable Material
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc A. , Bowland Christopher C. , He Lilin , Osti Naresh C. , Phan Minh D. , Keum Jong K. , Tyagi Madhusudan , Meek Kelly M. , Littrell Kenneth C. , Mamontov Eugene , Ankner John , Naskar Amit K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolymeric materials are usually tailored for specific functionality. A single polymer exhibiting multiple simultaneous functionalities often requires intricate molecular architecture, which is difficult to manufacture at scale because of its complex synthesis routes. Herein, a facile, partly renewable composition―prepared via reactive melt processing―that induces tunable functionalities such as 3D printability, shape recovery, and self‐healing while exhibiting satisfactory mechanical properties is reported. The system with a hydrogen‐bonded 3D network consists of thermally reversible nano‐scale agglomerates of sustainable, rigid phenolic oligomers and crystallizable flexible polymer. Local molecular mobility and temperature‐dependent relaxation and recovery of the non‐equilibrium networked states enable exploiting these simultaneous functionalities. Transitions involving solidification and structure stabilization at ambient temperature spanning several hours after preheating only at 70 °C directly contrast typical thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomer behaviors. Results from this study can inform the design of future rheology modifiers and materials for soft robotics.
Cover crop and biofuel crop effects on hydraulic properties for claypan soils
Authors: Alagele Salah M. , Diggins D. Cole , Anderson Stephen H. , Udawatta Ranjith P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerennial biofuel and cover crops systems are important for enhancing soil health and can provide numerous soil, agricultural, and environmental benefits. The study objective was to investigate the effects of cover crops and biofuel crops on soil hydraulic properties relative to traditional management for claypan soils. The study site included selected management practices: cover crop (CC) and no cover crop (NC) with corn/soybean rotation, switchgrass (SW), and miscanthus (MI). The CC mixture consisted of cereal rye, hairy vetch, and Austrian winter pea. The research site was located at Bradford Research Center in Missouri, USA, and was implemented on a Mexico silt loam. Intact soil cores (76‐mm diam. by 76‐mm long) were taken from the 0–10, 10–20, 20–30, and 30–40 cm depths with three plot replicates and two sub‐samples per plot replicate per depth. Soil hydraulic properties evaluated for each sample included: saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), water retention, bulk density, and pore size distributions. Results showed with the test of Duncan's least significant differences that treatments of MI (1.18 Mg m−3) and SW (1.21 Mg m−3) had lower values of bulk density averaging across soil depth than CC (1.27 Mg m−3) and NC (1.31 Mg m−3). Management systems significantly increased Ksat with the biofuel treatments at 0–10 cm compared to NC system. The MI management showed a significant increase in macroporosity and fine mesoporosity as compared to other management systems. Slight changes have occurred in the measured soil physical properties for CC system compared to NC plots. Overall, increasing soil organic matter from more plant roots from long‐term biofuel cropping systems can improve soil water storage and crop productivity.