bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection of tear lactoferrin for diagnosis of dry eyes by using fluorescence polarization-based aptasensor
Authors: Zhang Yingqi , Yan Peng , Tang Howyn , Zhang Jin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDifferentiating dry eye disease (DED) from allergic or viral conjunctivitis rapidly and accurately is important to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment. Tear lactoferrin (LF), a multi-functional glycoprotein found in tears, decreases significantly in patients with DED, and has been considered as a DED diagnostic biomarker. Measuring tear LF level, however, takes time and requires the use of bulky instruments. Herein, a homogeneous carbon nanostructure-based aptasensor with high sensitivity and selectivity has been developed by applying fluorescence polarization (FP) technology. The FP of carbon dots (CDs) bioconjugated with LF aptamers (CDs-aptamer) is 21.2% higher than that of CDs, which can be further amplified (1.81 times) once interacting with graphene oxide nanosheets (GONS). In the presence of LF, GONS separates from CDs-aptamer because of the stronger binding affinity between CDs-aptamer to LF, resulting in the decrease of FP value. A linear relationship is observed between FP value and LF concentration in spiked tear samples from 0.66 to 3.32 mg/mL. The selectivity of the aptasensor has been investigated by measuring other proteins. The results indicate that the FP-based aptasensor is a cost-effective method with high sensitivity and selectivity in detection of tear LF.
Spatial and temporal patterns of indicators of climate change and variability in the Arab world in the past four decades
Authors: Jaber Salahuddin M. , Abu-Allaban Mahmoud M. , Sengupta Raja 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA comprehensive assessment of the spatial and temporal patterns of the most common indicators of climate change and variability in the Arab world in the past four decades was carried out. Monthly maximum and minimum air temperature and precipitation amount data for the period 1980–2018 were obtained from the CHELSA project with a resolution of 1 km2, which is suitable for detecting local geographic variations in climatic patterns. This data was analyzed using a seasonal-Kendall metric, followed by Sen’s slope analysis. The findings indicate that almost all areas of the Arab world are getting hotter. Maximum air temperatures increased by magnitudes varying from 0.027 to 0.714 °C/decade with a mean of 0.318 °C/decade while minimum air temperatures increased by magnitudes varying from 0.030 to 0.800 °C/decade with a mean of 0.356 °C/decade. Most of the Arab world did not exhibit clear increasing or decreasing precipitation trends. The remaining areas showed either decreasing or increasing precipitation trends. Decreasing trends varied from −0.001 to −1.825 kg m−2/decade with a mean of −0.163 kg m−2/decade, while increasing trends varied from 0.001 to 4.286 kg m−2/decade with a mean of 0.366 kg m−2/decade. We also analyzed country-wise data and identified areas of most vulnerability in the Arab world.
Determinants of response to CDK4/6 inhibitors in the real-world setting
Authors: Witkiewicz Agnieszka K. , Schultz Emily , Wang Jianxin , Hamilton Deanna , Levine Ellis , O’Connor Tracey , Knudsen Erik S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite widespread use and a known mechanism of action for CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapy, features of disease evolution and determinants of therapeutic response in the real-world setting remain unclear. Here, a cohort of patients treated with standard-of-care combination regimens was utilized to explore features of disease and determinants of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In this cohort of 280 patients, >90% of patients were treated with palbociclib in combination with either an aromatase inhibitor (AI) or fulvestrant (FUL). Most of these patients had modified Scarff–Bloom–Richardson (SBR) scores, and ER, HER2, and PR immunohistochemistry. Both the SBR score and lack of PR expression were associated with shorter PFS in patients treated with AI combinations and remained significant in multivariate analyses (HR = 3.86, p = 0.008). Gene expression analyses indicated substantial changes in cell cycle and estrogen receptor signaling during the course of treatment. Furthermore, gene expression-based subtyping indicated that predominant subtypes changed with treatment and progression. The luminal B, HER2, and basal subtypes exhibited shorter PFS in CDK4/6 inhibitor combinations when assessed in the pretreatment biopsies; however, they were not associated with OS. Using unbiased approaches, cell cycle-associated gene sets were strongly associated with shorter PFS in pretreatment biopsies irrespective of endocrine therapy. Estrogen receptor signaling gene sets were associated with longer PFS particularly in the AI-treated cohort. Together, these data suggest that there are distinct pathological and biological features of HR+/HER2− breast cancer associated with response to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Clinical trial registration number: NCT04526587.
K5[B3O3F4(OH)]2(NO3): the first hydroxyfluorooxoborate-nitrate with a short ultraviolet cutoff edge and large birefringence
Authors: Zhang Luyong , Wang Shibin , Zhang Fangfang , Yang Zhihua , Hou Xueling 
Published: September 2023

The first hydroxyfluorooxoborate-nitrate, K5[B3O3F4(OH)]2(NO3), with a short ultraviolet cutoff edge and large birefringence was synthesized via the solution evaporation method.
Insights into the capture mechanism of CO2 by diamine-appended Mg2(dobpdc): a combined DFT and microkinetic modeling study
Authors: Lin Kuan-Yu , Xie Zhong-Ming , Hong Lu-Sheng , Jiang Jyh-Chiang 
Published: September 2023

The mechanism of CO2 adsorption in mmen-Mg2 (dobpdc) MOF was systematically investigated and revealed novel insight into the development of diamine-functionalized MOF for CO2 capture.
Nanoencapsulation of oral‐pharmaceutical lactoferrin using chitosan and the evaluation of stability against trypsin and pepsin and its antibacterial effect
Authors: Hedyeloo Farzaneh , Moradian Fatemeh , Rostami Mehran 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLactoferrin (Lf) is an oral‐pharmaceutical protein with a variety of biological activities that have attracted the attention of scientists today. In this study, Lf was nano‐encapsulated in chitosan biopolymer by ion gelation method with a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml of chitosan and 0.2 and 0.5 mg/ml of Lf and some physicochemical properties were evaluated using zeta potential, DLS, AFM, and SEM. Also, its stability against digestive enzymes such as pepsin and trypsin and its antibacterial effect compare to Lf on Escherichia coli were investigated. The result showed that the mean size of nano‐encapsulated lactoferrin (NE‐Lf) was 129.6 and 654.6 nm as well as zeta potential, +3.6 and −2.3 mV for 0.2 and 0.5 mg/ml Lf, respectively. SEM and AFM image analysis of NE‐Lf showed uniform surfaces, cubic, and homogeneous in shape, as well asdispersion stability of the nanoparticles. NE‐Lf had greater stability against the digestion of pepsin and trypsin than Lf. The efficiency of Lf encapsulation in chitosan was 75%. Both NE‐Lf and Lf showed that they were able to reduce the growth of E. coli in a dose‐dependent manner. EN‐Lf was prepared in a simpler way and in lower concentrations of chitosan and Lf than previous methods.
NGMA‐based intergrated communication and computing for 6G‐enabled cognitive radio networks
Authors: Liang Wei , Zhang Jiankang , Wang Dawei , Li Lixin , Ng Soon Xin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccording to the urgent low latency and the heavy computation tasks demands required for sixth‐generation (6G) wireless networks, the authors introduce the conventional resource allocation algorithms, including the game theory, artificial‐intelligence (AI) methods, and matching theory enabled framework, in which the multi‐access edge computing (MEC) scheme collaborative with the cloud platform to serve the primary users (PUs) and cognitive users (CUs) for next generation multiple access (NGMA). The proposed framework allows both the PUs and CUs to offload their computation tasks in a 6G‐enabled cognitive radio (CR) networks, so called cloud‐assisted CR‐MEC networks. In particular, the fundamentals of this conceived networks based on NGMA are first introduced. Hence, a number of methods based on the resource allocation algorithms are proposed in order to improve the quality of service for the mobile users, and reduce their transmission latency as well as the energy consumptions. Moreover, the motivations, challenges, and representative models for these conventional algorithms are described for integrated‐intelligent communication and computing aided NGMA networks. Furthermore, the open issues and future research directions for this conceived networks are summarised.
The role of art in smart cities research and making
Authors: Mostafa Hatem F. A. Faten 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article promotes the role and importance of art in the research and making of smart cities. To elucidate the potential of using relational artworks for a more vibrant interaction in the city as well as various visuals in knowledge production and/or implications of overlooking them, a case study of Milton Keynes is presented in the article. Visual comparisons and analysis contributed to making the argument clearer by reflecting on the situation on the ground. Qualitative methods have been used for data collection and analysis, which included interviews, document analysis and on‐field observations. The findings were presented under three main sections: Innovation in knowledge production, vocabulary and design, and art in Milton Keynes and Milton Keynes in art. The themes are used to clearly discuss the need for innovative methods in knowledge production and cities making while explaining the benefits of integrating art with science. By reflecting on the benefits of accommodating the need for effective communication, higher engagement and fulfilling experience in research and design of cities, the powers of visual and relational art are unpacked throughout the article. Thus, the role of art is introduced to be beyond that of decoration to help facilitate cities development and production.
Prioritizing protection communication in a 5G slice: Evaluating HTB traffic shaping and UL bitrate adaptation for enhanced reliability
Authors: Raussi Petra , Kokkoniemi‐Tarkkanen Heli , Ahola Kimmo , Heikkinen Antti , Uitto Mikko 
Published: September 2023

Abstract5G network slicing is promising in prioritizing time‐critical protection communication in wireless networks of smart grids. However, network slicing offered by telecommunication providers encompasses all smart grid applications, lacking granularity. Smart grid automation standards provide recommendations on prioritization of protection communication to improve reliability but only for wired connections. Therefore, this paper investigates hierarchical token bucket (HTB) traffic shaping and uplink (UL) bitrate adaptation of a live video stream for prioritizing protection communication within a 5G slice. An experimental setup combines controller‐hardware‐in‐the‐loop (CHIL) with a quality of service (QoS) measurement system for validation. The system under test consists of commercial 5G networks, intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), and merging units for validation with three smart grid applications: fault location, line differential, and intertrip protection. HTB traffic shaping improves protected faults by 47.57% in congested and 1.16% in non‐congested scenarios. UL bitrate of the video stream adaptation by 2 Mbps increases protected faults by 3.69%. HTB traffic shaping even improves prioritization with a wired connection without introducing additional delays. HTB traffic shaping must be deployed in routers to maintain good QoS for critical applications. Collaboration between utilities and telecommunication providers is essential to effectively deploy 5G network slicing on smart grids.
Coordinated X-ray and UV absorption within the accretion disk wind of the active galactic nucleus PG 1126-041
Authors: Giustini M. , Rodríguez Hidalgo P. , Reeves J. N. , Matzeu G. , Braito V. , Eracleous M. , Chartas G. , Schartel N. , Vignali C. , Hall P. B. , Waters T. , Ponti G. , Proga D. , Dadina M. , Cappi M. , Miniutti G. , de Vries L. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Accretion disk winds launched close to supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are a viable mechanism providing feedback between the SMBH and the host galaxy.
Aims. We aim to characterize the X-ray properties of the inner accretion disk wind of the nearby active galactic nucleus PG 1126-041 and to study its connection with the UV-absorbing wind.
Methods. We performed a spectroscopic analysis of eight XMM-Newton observations of PG 1126-041 taken between 2004 and 2015, using both phenomenological models and the most advanced accretion disk wind models available. For half of the data set, we were able to compare the X-ray analysis results with the results of quasi-simultaneous, high-resolution, spectroscopic UV observations taken with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope.
Results. The X-ray spectra of PG 1126-041 are complex and absorbed by ionized material, which is highly variable on multiple timescales, sometimes as short as 11 days. Accretion disk wind models can account for most of the X-ray spectral complexity of PG 1126-041, with the addition of massive clumps, represented by a partially covering absorber. Variations in column density (NH ∼ 5 − 20 × 1022 cm−2) of the partially covering absorber drive the observed X-ray spectral variability of PG 1126-041. The absorption from the X-ray partially covering gas and from the blueshifted C IV troughs appear to vary in a coordinated way.
Conclusions. The line of sight toward PG 1126-041 offers a privileged view through a highly dynamic nuclear wind originating on inner accretion disk scales, making the source a very promising candidate for future detailed studies of the physics of accretion disk winds around SMBHs.
Speeding up the GENGA N-body integrator on consumer-grade graphics cards
Authors: Brasser R. , Grimm S. L. , Hatalova P. , Stadel J. G. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Graphics processing unit (GPU) computing has become popular due to the enormous calculation potential that can be harvested from a single card. The N-body integrator Gravitational ENcounters with GPU Acceleration (GENGA) is built to harvest the computing power from such cards, but it suffers a severe performance penalty on consumer-grade Nvidia GPUs due to their artificially truncated double precision performance.
Aims. We aim to speed up GENGA on consumer-grade cards by harvesting their high single-precision performance.
Methods. We modified GENGA to have the option to compute the mutual long-distance forces between bodies in single precision and tested this with five experiments. First, we ran a high number of simulations with similar initial conditions of on average 6600 fully self-gravitating planetesimals in both single and double precision to establish whether the outcomes were statistically different. These simulations were run on Tesla K20 cards. We supplemented this test with simulations that (i) began with a mixture of planetesimals and planetary embryos, (ii) planetesimal-driven giant planet migration, and (iii) terrestrial planet formation with a dissipating gas disc. All of these simulations served to determine the accuracy of energy and angular momentum conservation under various scenarios with single and double precision forces. Second, we ran the same simulation beginning with 40 000 self-gravitating planetesimals using both single and double precision forces on a variety of consumer-grade and Tesla GPUs to measure the performance boost of computing the long-range forces in single precision.
Results. We find that there are no statistical differences when simulations are run with the gravitational forces in single or double precision that can be attributed to the force prescription rather than stochastic effects. The accumulations in uncertainty in energy are almost identical when running with single or double precision long-range forces. However, the uncertainty in the angular momentum using single rather than double precision long-range forces is about two orders of magnitude greater, but still very low. Running the simulations in single precision on consumer-grade cards decreases running time by a factor of three and becomes within a factor of three of a Tesla A100 GPU. Additional tuning speeds up the simulation by a factor of two across all types of cards.
Conclusions. The option to compute the long-range forces in single precision in GENGA when using consumer-grade GPUs dramatically improves performance at a little penalty to accuracy. There is an additional environmental benefit because it reduces energy usage.
PulsarX: A new pulsar searching package
Authors: Men Yunpeng , Barr Ewan , Clark Colin J. , Carli Emma , Desvignes Gregory 
Published: September 2023

Context. Pulsar surveys with modern radio telescopes are becoming increasingly computationally demanding. This is particularly true for wide field-of-view pulsar surveys with radio interferometers and those conducted in real or quasi-real time. These demands result in data analysis bottlenecks that can limit the parameter space covered by the surveys and diminish their scientific return.
Aims. In this paper we address the computational challenge of ‘candidate folding’ in pulsar searching, presenting a novel, efficient approach designed to optimise the simultaneous folding of large numbers of pulsar candidates. We provide a complete folding pipeline appropriate for large-scale pulsar surveys that includes radio frequency interference mitigation, de-dispersion, folding, and parameter optimisation.
Methods. By leveraging the fast discrete dispersion measure transform (FDMT) algorithm, we have developed an optimised and cache-friendly implementation that we term the pruned FDMT (pFDMT). This implementation is specifically designed for candidate folding scenarios where the candidates are broadly distributed in dispersion measure space. The pFDMT approach efficiently reuses intermediate processing results and prunes the unused computation paths, resulting in a significant reduction in arithmetic operations. In addition, we propose a novel folding algorithm based on the Tikhonov-regularised least squares method that can improve the time resolution of the pulsar profile.
Results. We present the performance of its real-world application as an integral part of two major pulsar search projects conducted with the MeerKAT telescope: the MPIfR-MeerKAT Galactic Plane Survey (MMGPS) and the Transients and Pulsars with MeerKAT (TRAPUM) project. In our processing of approximately 500 candidates, the theoretical number of de-dispersion operations can be reduced by a factor of around 50 when compared to brute-force de-dispersion, which scales with the number of candidates.
Visualization of Patient-Generated Health Data: A Scoping Review of Dashboard Designs
Authors: Shenvi Edna , Boxwala Aziz , Sittig Dean , Zott Courtney , Lomotan Edwin , Swiger James , Dullabh Prashila 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS) aims to assist with tailoring decisions to an individual patient's needs. Patient-generated health data (PGHD), including physiologic measurements captured frequently by automated devices, provide important information for PC CDS. The volume and availability of such PGHD is increasing, but how PGHD should be presented to clinicians to best aid decision-making is unclear.
Objectives Identify best practices in visualizations of physiologic PGHD, for designing a software application as a PC CDS tool.
Methods We performed a scoping review of studies of PGHD dashboards that involved clinician users in design or evaluations. We included only studies that used physiologic PGHD from single patients for usage in decision-making.
Results We screened 468 titles and abstracts, 63 full-text papers, and identified 15 articles to include in our review. Some research primarily sought user input on PGHD presentation; other studies garnered feedback only as a side effort for other objectives (e.g., integration with electronic health records [EHRs]). Development efforts were often in the domains of chronic diseases and collected a mix of physiologic parameters (e.g., blood pressure and heart rate) and activity data. Users' preferences were for data to be presented with statistical summaries and clinical interpretations, alongside other non-PGHD data. Recurrent themes indicated that users desire longitudinal data display, aggregation of multiple data types on the same screen, actionability, and customization. Speed, simplicity, and availability of data for other purposes (e.g., documentation) were key to dashboard adoption. Evaluations were favorable for visualizations using common graphing or table formats, although best practices for implementation have not yet been established.
Conclusion Although the literature identified common themes on data display, measures, and usability, more research is needed as PGHD usage grows. Ensuring that care is tailored to individual needs will be important in future development of clinical decision support.
Experience Using Gentian Violet-Free Dyes for Tissue Visualization
Authors: Matano Fumihiro , Murai Yasuo , Nounaka Yohei , Higuchi Tadashi , Mihara Riku , Isayama Koshiro , Morita Akio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Gentian violet ink is used as a skin marker in various surgical procedures, including neurosurgery. The dye is also used to visualize the edges of blood vessels during bypass surgery. However, gentian violet ink carries the risks of carcinogenicity and venous injury, which causes microvascular thrombosis. In this study, we compare the gentian violet–free dye C.I. Basic Violet 4 (BV4) and gentian violet. The usefulness, in terms of color, and formation of microvascular thrombosis in anastomosis were compared.
Methods We used the gentian violet–free dye in 20 cases involving 3 vascular anastomoses. The bone cutting lines on the bone surface, superior temporal artery, and middle cerebral artery were drawn using BV4 and gentian violet ink.
Results The colors of BV4 and gentian violet ink were similar. No thrombus formation was observed at the vascular anastomosis when using BV4.
Conclusion BV4 can be used similarly to gentian violet ink. No adverse effects such as thrombus formation in microvascular anastomosis were experienced when BV4 was used.
Orbital Arteriovenous Fistula Causing Only Visual Impairment due to Compression of the Optic Nerve by the Dilated Superior Ophthalmic Vein
Authors: Hirano Yudai , Ono Hideaki , Shojima Masaaki , Abe Motoo , Tanishima Takeo , Tamura Akira , Saito Isamu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrbital arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a rare disease, and its standard therapeutic strategy has not been established. A 70-year-old male consulted an ophthalmologist due to a visual field defect in his left eye. Neurological findings showed visual impairment but no symptoms such as exophthalmos, conjunctival congestion, or diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging showed marked dilation of the left superior ophthalmic vein (SOV). Cerebral angiography revealed an AVF that was limited to the left orbit. The feeder was a branch of the ophthalmic artery that originated from the first portion, and the drainer was the SOV, which was meandering and significantly dilated. Since the only symptom was visual impairment, the etiology was considered to be compression of the optic nerve due to a dilated SOV rather than increased venous pressure. Transvenous embolization via the facial vein was performed, and a visual field examination 1 week after the operation revealed marked improvement. Orbital AVF that develops only with visual impairment is extremely rare. As demonstrated with this case, coil embolization for proper position and reduction of the venous pressure, which relieves compression on the optic nerve, may be useful in improving the visual impairment.