bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing and Measuring (Public) Reputation Management
Authors: Pedersen Mette Østergaard , Salomonsen Heidi Houlberg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article develops and empirically validates a conceptualization of reputation management in a public sector context. We define reputation management as management behaviors intended to identify and affect how external audiences perceive an organization, including their perceptions of what the organization is, what it strives to be, and the organization’s positive impact on society more broadly. Such behaviors include strategically communicating the organization’s vision to its most important external audiences. The empirical analysis is based on survey responses from 499 employees and 59 managers from three Danish agencies. The analysis yields support for our measure of reputation management. We conclude with a future research agenda on how our conceptualization and scale can be used to further develop Bureaucratic Reputation Theory, as well as public management research aimed at investigating the simultaneous use as well as simultaneous external and internal effects of different types of public management and leadership behaviors.
Ideology and Support for Federalism in Theory—And in Practice
Authors: Glaser James M , Berry Jeffrey M , Schildkraut Deborah J 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConservatives are more likely than liberals to support the concept of federalism. In this article, we look at this support in the context of particular issues. Using multiple national surveys, including an original module on the 2020 Congressional Election Study, we find that conservatives are more likely to prefer a devolution of power to state and local jurisdictions, even if doing so might make it harder to achieve conservative policy aims, whereas liberals are more instrumental, more likely to prioritize policy aims and to support whichever level of government seems most likely to achieve them. We then examine reasons why conservatives might display a stronger adherence to the federalist structure of the American government. We find that the idea of “states’ rights” continues to loom large for self-identified conservatives, as does a generalized level of trust toward political units described as small versus large.
Effects of a Novel, Transdiagnostic Ecological Momentary Intervention for Prevention, and Early Intervention of Severe Mental Disorder in Youth (EMIcompass): Findings From an Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Reininghaus Ulrich , Paetzold Isabell , Rauschenberg Christian , Hirjak Dusan , Banaschewski Tobias , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Boehnke Jan R , Boecking Benjamin , Schick Anita 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background/Hypothesis
Digital interventions targeting transdiagnostic mechanisms in daily life may be a promising translational strategy for prevention and early intervention of psychotic and other severe mental disorders. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and initial signals of efficacy of a transdiagnostic, compassion-focused, hybrid ecological momentary intervention for improving resilience (ie, EMIcompass) in youth with early mental health problems.

Study Design
In an exploratory, assessor-blind randomized controlled trial, youth aged 14–25 with current distress, broad at-risk mental state, or first episode of severe mental disorder were randomly allocated to experimental (EMIcompass+treatment as usual [TAU]) or control condition (TAU). Data on primary (stress reactivity) and secondary candidate mechanisms as well as candidate primary (psychological distress) and secondary outcomes were collected.

Study Results
Criteria for the feasibility of trial methodology and intervention delivery were met (n = 92 randomized participants). No serious adverse events were observed. Initial outcome signals were evident for reduced momentary stress reactivity (stress×time×condition, B = −0.10 95%CI −0.16–−0.03, d = −0.10), aberrant salience (condition, B = −0.38, 95%CI −0.57–−0.18, d = −0.56) as well as enhanced momentary resilience (condition, B = 0.55, 95%CI 0.18–0.92, d = 0.33) and quality of life (condition, B = 0.82, 95%CI 0.10–1.55, d = 0.60) across post-intervention and 4-week follow-up. No outcome signals were observed for self-reported psychological distress (condition, B = 0.57, 95%CI −1.59–2.72, d = 0.09), but there was suggestive evidence of reduced observer-rated symptoms at the 4-week follow-up (B = −1.41, 95%CI −2.85–0.02, d = −0.41).

Conclusions
Our findings provide evidence of feasibility and initial signals that EMIcompass may reduce stress reactivity and improve quality of life. A definitive trial is now warranted.
An incubation method to determine the age of available nonstructural carbon in woody plant tissues
Authors: Peltier Drew M P , Lemoine Jim , Ebert Chris , Xu Xiaomei , Ogle Kiona , Richardson Andrew D , Carbone Mariah S 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRadiocarbon (∆14C) measurements of nonstructural carbon enable inference on the age and turnover time of stored photosynthate (e.g., sugars, starch), of which the largest pool in trees resides in the main bole. Because of potential issues with extraction-based methods, we introduce an incubation method to capture the ∆14C of nonstructural carbon via respired CO2. In this study, we compared the ∆14C obtained from these incubations with ∆14C from a well-established extraction method, using increment cores from a mature trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx). To understand any potential ∆14C disagreement, the yields from both methods were also benchmarked against the phenol-sulfuric acid concentration assay. We found incubations captured less than 100% of measured sugar and starch carbon, with recovery ranging from ~ 3% in heartwood to 85% in shallow sapwood. However, extractions universally over-yielded (mean 273 ± 101% expected sugar carbon; as high as 480%), where sugars represented less than half of extracted soluble carbon, indicating very poor specificity. Although the separation of soluble and insoluble nonstructural carbon is ostensibly a strength of extraction-based methods, there was also evidence of poor separation of these two fractions in extractions. The ∆14C of respired CO2 and ∆14C from extractions were similar in the sapwood, whereas extractions resulted in comparatively higher ∆14C (older carbon) in heartwood and bark. Because yield and ∆14C discrepancies were largest in old tissues, incubations may better capture the ∆14C of nonstructural carbon that is actually metabolically available. That is, we suggest extractions include metabolically irrelevant carbon from dead tissues or cells, as well as carbon that is neither sugar nor starch. In contrast, nonstructural carbon captured by extractions must be respired to be measured. We thus suggest incubations of live tissues are a potentially viable, inexpensive and versatile method to study the ∆14C of metabolically relevant (available) nonstructural carbon.
Pediatric Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgical Coding Survey Results
Authors: Iobst Christopher A. , Rowan Mallory R. , Bafor Anirejuoritse 
Published: February 2023

Background:
In surgical specialties like orthopaedics, documenting the surgery performed involves applying the appropriate current procedural terminology (CPT) code(s). For limb reconstruction surgeons, the wide-ranging types of surgeries and rapid evolution of the field create a variety of factors making it difficult to code the procedures. We sought to (1) assess whether appropriate limb reconstruction codes currently exist and (2) determine whether there is agreement among experienced pediatric orthopaedic surgeons when applying these codes to similar cases.

Methods:
A REDCAP survey comprised of 10 common pediatric limb reconstruction cases was sent to experienced pediatric limb reconstruction surgeons in the United States. Based on the description of each case, the surgeons were asked to code the cases as they usually would in their practice. There were no limitations regarding the number or the types of codes each surgeon could choose to apply to the case. Nine additional demographic and general coding questions were asked to gauge the responding surgeon’s coding experience.

Results:
Survey participants used various codes for each case, ranging from only 1 code to a maximum of 9 codes to describe a single case. The average number of codes per case ranged from 1.2 to 3.6, with an average of 2.5 among all 10 cases. The total number of unique codes provided by the respondents for each case ranged from 5 to 20. Only 3 of the 10 cases had an agreement >75% for any single code, and only 2 of the 10 cases had >50% agreement on any combination of 2 codes.

Conclusions:
There are dramatic variations in coding methods among pediatric orthopaedic limb reconstruction surgeons. This information highlights the need to improve the current CPT coding landscape. Possible solutions include developing new codes that better represent the work done, developing standardized guidelines with the existing codes to decrease variation, and improving CPT coding education by developing limb reconstruction coding “champions.”

Level of Evidence:
Level V.
Rod Fracture in Magnetically Controlled Growing Spine Rods
Authors: Tognini Martina , Hothi Harry , Bergiers Sean , Broomfield Edel , Tucker Stewart , Henckel Johann , Hart Alister 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The mechanisms of fracture in magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGRs) and the risk factors associated with this are poorly understood. This retrospective analysis of explanted MCGRs aimed to add understanding to this subject.

Methods:
From our cohort of over 120 retrieved MCGRs, we identified 7 rods that had fractured; all were single-rod constructs, retrieved from 6 patients. These were examined and compared with 15 intact single-rod constructs. Retrieval and fractographic analyses were used to determine the failure mode at the fracture site and the implant's functionality. Cobb angle, degree of rod contouring, and the distance between anchoring points were computed on anteroposterior and lateral radiographs.

Results:
5/7 versus 3/15 rods had been inserted after the removal of a previously inserted rod, in the fractured versus control groups. All fractured rods failed due to bending fatigue. Fractured rods had greater rod contouring angles in the frontal plane (P = 0.0407) and lateral plane (P = 0.0306), and greater distances between anchoring points in both anteroposterior and lateral planes (P = 0.0061 and P = 0.0074, respectively).

Conclusions:
We found all failed due to a fatigue fracture and were virtually all single rod configurations. Fracture initiation points corresponded with mechanical indentation marks induced by the intraoperative rod contouring tool. Fractured rods had undergone greater rod contouring and had greater distances between anchoring points, suggesting that it is preferable to implant double rod constructs in patients with sufficient spinal maturity to avoid this complication.

Clinical Relevance:
Level III.
Plasma proteomic signature of fatty liver disease: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: Abozaid Yasir J. , Ayada Ibrahim , van Kleef Laurens A. , Vallerga Costanza L. , Pan Qiuwei , Brouwer Willem P. , Ikram M. Arfan , Van Meurs Joyce , de Knegt Robert J. , Ghanbari Mohsen 
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims:
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is caused by excess fat in the liver, and its global prevalence exceeds 33%. The role of protein expression on the pathogenesis of FLD and accompanied fibrosis and its potential as a disease biomarker is currently not clear. Hence, we aimed to identify plasma proteomics associated with FLD and fibrosis using population-based data.

Approach and Results:
Blood samples were collected from 2578 participants from the population-based Rotterdam Study cohort. The proximity extension assay reliably measured plasma levels of 171 cardiometabolic and inflammatory-related proteins (Olink Proteomics). FLD was assessed by ultrasound, and fibrosis by transient elastography. Logistic regression models quantified the association of plasma proteomics with FLD and fibrosis. In addition, we aimed to validate our results in liver organoids. The cross-sectional analysis identified 27 proteins significantly associated with FLD surpassing the Bonferroni-corrected p<2.92×10−4. The strongest association was observed for FGF-21 (β=0.45, p=1.07×10−18) and carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) protein (β=0.66, p=4.91×10−40). Importantly, 15 of the 27 proteins significantly associated with FLD were also associated with liver fibrosis. Finally, consistent with plasma proteomic profiling, we found the expression levels of IL-18 receptor 1 (IL-18R1) and CES1 to be upregulated in an FLD model of 3-dimensional culture human liver organoids.

Conclusions:
Among the general population, several inflammatory and cardiometabolic plasma proteins were associated with FLD and fibrosis. Particularly, plasma levels of FGF-21, IL-18R1, and CES1 were largely dependent on the presence of FLD and fibrosis and may therefore be important in their pathogenesis.
Corneal Transplantation for Infectious Keratitis: A Prospective Dutch Registry Study
Authors: Veugen Judith M. J. , Dunker Suryan L. , Wolffs Petra F. G. , Savelkoul Paul H. M. , Winkens Bjorn , van den Biggelaar Frank J. H. M. , Nuijts Rudy M. M. A. , Dickman Mor M. ,   on behalf of the Netherlands Cornea Transplant Network (NCTN)
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to analyze real-world practice patterns and graft survival after corneal transplantation for infectious keratitis in the Netherlands.

Methods:
All consecutive keratoplasties for infectious keratitis registered in the Netherlands Organ Transplant Registry were included. Graft survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves with Cox regression to compare the 3 most common pathogens with subgroup analysis for type and reason of transplantation, sex, and graft size. Multivariable analysis was performed using the same explanatory factors.

Results:
Between 2007 and 2017, 1111 keratoplasties for infectious keratitis were registered in the Netherlands Organ Transplant Registry. The most common pathogens were viruses (n = 437), bacteria (n = 271), and Acanthamoeba (n = 121). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching did not provide a significant survival benefit, whereas emergency procedures showed worse graft survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.40, P = 0.120; HR = 2.73, P < 0.001, respectively]. Graft size >8.5 mm was significantly worse than graft size 8.5 mm (HR = 2.062, P = 0.010). In therapeutic keratoplasty, graft survival was significantly worse for Acanthamoeba than viral keratitis (HR = 2.36, P = 0.008). In the multivariable model, adjusting for graft size, type, and reason for transplantation, viral and bacterial keratitis did not differ significantly in graft survival, and Acanthamoeba showed a significantly worse prognosis (vs. viral keratitis, HR = 2.30, P < 0.001; bacterial keratitis, HR = 2.65, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Viral keratitis was the most common indication for transplantation, followed by bacterial and Acanthamoeba keratitis. HLA matching did not offer protection over elective non-HLA–matched procedures, whereas emergency procedures and grafts sized >8.5 mm showed poor survival. In optical keratoplasty, survival is high for all pathogens, whereas in therapeutic keratoplasty Acanthamoeba shows poor outcome.
Cultural Adaptation of the Younger Women’s Wellness After Cancer Program for Younger Chinese Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Chan Dorothy Ngo Sheung , Chow Ka Ming , Anderson Debra Jane , Porter-Steele Janine , Laing Bobbi , Ling Wai Man , Lam Carol Choi Hung , Choi Kai Chow , Chan Carmen Wing Han , So Winnie Kwok Wei , McCarthy Alexandra Leigh 
Published: February 2023

Background
The incidence of breast cancer in younger women, that is, aged 50 years or younger, in Hong Kong is increasing. The Internet-based Younger Women’s Wellness After Cancer Program (YWWACP) is a whole-lifestyle intervention that can help young women to manage their health and risks of chronic diseases.

Objectives
The study aimed to test the acceptability and feasibility of the culturally adapted YWWACP in Hong Kong (YWWACPHK) and to evaluate its preliminary effects in improving health-related quality of life, distress, sexual function, menopausal symptoms, dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep among younger Chinese women with breast cancer.

Intervention/Methods
Women aged 18 to 50 years with breast cancer were recruited from an oncology outpatient department. The participants in the intervention group received the 12-week YWWACPHK, whereas the control group received standard care.

Results
Sixty women consented to participate. At 12 weeks after intervention completion, the intervention group showed a significant increase in the pain subscale scores of sexual function and more improvement in the level of physical activity than the control group, with Hedge g effect sizes 0.66 and 0.65, respectively. Nineteen intervention group participants reported that they were satisfied with the program and suggestions for improvement were provided.

Conclusion
The implementation of YWWACPHK is feasible. The preliminary findings suggest that YWWACPHK could increase the level of physical activity among the participants.

Implications for Practice
Nurses could utilize YWWACPHK to support younger Chinese patients with breast cancer to maintain a healthy lifestyle, subject to wider confirmation of these results through a larger study.
TQIP mortality reporting system case reports: Unanticipated mortality due to inadequate preoperative ICU “clearance”
Authors: Ross Samuel W. , Jacobs David G. ,   the ACS TQIP Mortality Reporting System Writing Group
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The Trauma Quality Improvement Program Mortality Reporting System is an online anonymous case reporting system designed to share experiences from rare events that may have contributed to unanticipated mortality at contributing trauma centers. The Trauma Quality Improvement Program Mortality Reporting System Working Group monitors submitted cases and organizes them into emblematic themes. This report summarizes unanticipated mortality from a case of inadequate clearance by the intensive care unit service before surgical intervention in an injured patient and presents strategies to mitigate these events locally with the hope of decreasing unanticipated mortality nationwide.
TQIP mortality reporting system case reports: Unanticipated mortality due to communication and handoff failures
Authors: Williams Regan F. , Mandell Samuel P. ,   the ACS TQIP Mortality Reporting System Writing Group
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The TQIP Mortality Reporting System is an online anonymous case reporting system designed to share experiences from rare events that may have contributed to unanticipated mortality at contributing trauma centers. The TQIP Mortality Reporting System Working group monitors submitted cases and organizes them into emblematic themes. This report summarizes unanticipated mortality from two cases of failure of communication and handoff, and presents strategies to mitigate these events locally with the hope of decreasing unanticipated mortality nationwide.
TQIP mortality reporting system case reports: Unanticipated mortality due to airway loss
Authors: Scott John W. , Cole Frederic J. ,   the ACS TQIP Mortality Reporting System Writing Group
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The Trauma Quality Improvement Program Mortality Reporting System is an online anonymous case reporting system designed to share experiences from rare events that may have contributed to unanticipated mortality at contributing trauma centers. The Trauma Quality Improvement Program Mortality Reporting System Working Group monitors submitted cases and organizes them into emblematic themes. This report summarizes unanticipated mortality from 3 cases of airway loss in injured patients and presents strategies to mitigate these events locally, with the hope of decreasing unanticipated mortality nationwide.
Inferring condition in wild mammals: body condition indices confer no benefit over measuring body mass across ecological contexts
Authors: Wishart Andrea E. , Guerrero-Chacón Adriana L. , Smith Rebecca , Hawkshaw Deborah M. , McAdam Andrew G. , Dantzer Ben , Boutin Stan , Lane Jeffrey E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany studies assume that it is beneficial for individuals of a species to be heavier, or have a higher body condition index (BCI), without accounting for the physiological relevance of variation in the composition of different body tissues. We hypothesized that the relationship between BCI and masses of physiologically important tissues (fat and lean) would be conditional on annual patterns of energy acquisition and expenditure. We studied three species with contrasting ecologies in their respective natural ranges: an obligate hibernator (Columbian ground squirrel,Urocitellus columbianus), a facultative hibernator (black-tailed prairie dog,Cynomys ludovicianus), and a food-caching non-hibernator (North American red squirrel,Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). We measured fat and lean mass in adults of both sexes using quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR). We measured body mass and two measures of skeletal structure (zygomatic width and right hind foot length) to develop sex- and species-specific BCIs, and tested the utility of BCI to predict body composition in each species. Body condition indices were more consistently, and more strongly correlated, with lean mass than fat mass. The indices were most positively correlated with fat when fat was expected to be very high (pre-hibernation prairie dogs). In all cases, however, BCI was never better than body mass alone in predicting fat or lean mass. While the accuracy of BCI in estimating fat varied across the natural histories and annual energetic patterns of the species considered, measuring body mass alone was as effective, or superior in capturing sufficient variation in fat and lean in most cases.
ΔF508-Cftrmutation in genetically diverse Collaborative Cross mice yields novel disease-relevant phenotypes for cystic fibrosis
Authors: Sipione Barbara , Lorè Nicola Ivan , Sanvito Francesca , Rossi Giacomo , Neri Alessia , Gianferro Fabrizio , Tascini Anna Sofia , Livraghi-Butrico Alessandra , Cigana Cristina , Bragonzi Alessandra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMutations ofCystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator(CFTR) lead to Cystic Fibrosis (CF), but the substantial phenotypic variations are determined by non-CFTRallelic diversity. To map novel disease phenotypes in a CF mouse model, we used Collaborative Cross (CC) mice, a highly genetically diverse mouse resource population.ΔF508-Cftrhomozygosity produced a fully penetrant lethal phenotype by eight weeks in two CC lines. The lethality of CC006ΔF508/ΔF508was fully prenatal while CC037ΔF508/ΔF508showed either prenatal or postnatal lethality. Novel phenotypes of CC037ΔF508/ΔF508were revealed early in life including respiratory and systemic inflammatory profiles, and blood, bone marrow, pancreas, heart, and reproductive tract pathologies. Severe intestinal blockage was observed as common in other CF mouse models. These results suggest that the exploration of CF disease phenotypes in a mouse population with diverse genetic profiles is needed to map the genetic origin of currently unidentified disease traits and their potential translation to humans.