bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Renal or Urinary Related Hospitalization in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: Results from the French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Mansouri Imene , Schwartz Boris , Vu-Bezin Giao , Bejarano-Quisoboni Daniel , Fresneau Brice , El-Fayech Chiraz , Dufour Christelle , Bolle Stéphanie , Surun Aurore , Orbach Daniel , Allodji Rodrigue S. , Diallo Ibrahima , Demoor-Goldschmidt Charlotte , de Vathaire Florent , Haddy Nadia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground:Hospitalization rates can be used as an indirect indicator of the burden and severity of adverse health outcomes in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). We aimed to determine the long-term risks of hospitalization related to renal and urinary diseases among 5-year CCS.Methods:The French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort was linked with data from the French National Healthcare System database, which enabled the identification of hospitalizations related to renal or urinary diseases. Clinical and detailed treatment data were collected from medical records. Dose-volume histograms were estimated for all patients treated with radiotherapy. Standardized Hospitalization Ratios and absolute excess risks (AER) were calculated. Relative risks were estimated using Poisson regression.Results:A total of 5,498 survivors were followed for 42,118 person-years (PY). Survivors experience 2.9 times more renal hospitalizations than expected in the general population, with an AER of 21.2/10,000 PY. Exposing more than 10% of the kidneys’ volume to at least 20 Gray increases the risk of being hospitalized for renal causes by 2.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.3–3.6). Nephrectomized survivors treated with high doses of ifosfamide (&gt;60 g/m²) have an extremely high risk of hospitalization for renal causes. Patients with comorbidities have about a 3-fold higher risk, and nephrectomized patients a 2-fold higher risk of being hospitalized for renal causes compared with other subjects. In the case of hospitalization for urinary causes, treatment by anthracycline administration was found to be associated with an almost 2-fold higher risk of hospitalization compared with the general population.Conclusions:These results support the need for careful monitoring of long-term renal diseases in survivors who have undergone nephrectomy, those treated with high doses of radiation (≥20 Gy) even to small volumes of the kidneys, and those with predisposing risk factors.Impact:This study provides new evidence with potential impact on surveillance guidelines related to dose-volume indicators associated with renal toxicity.
Features of growth of agricultural crops and factors negatively affecting their growth
Authors: Yessenova Moldir , Abdikerimova Gulzira , Sadirmekova Zhanna B. , Glazyrina Natalya , Adikanova Saltanat , Tanirbergenov Adilbek , Karipola Mukhamedrakhimov , Mukhamedrakhimova Galiya 
Published: January 2023

This <span>article is about methods of analyzing aerial images. Images from Planet.com for crops in North Kazakhstan owned by the Center for Cereal Production and Research. A.I. Barayev. The main goal of the research work is to develop and implement algorithms that allow identifying and distinguishing factors in aerial photographs that adversely affect the growth of plants during the growing season. Spectral brightness coefficient (SBC), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), textural features, clustering, and integral transformations are used to solve the problem. Particular attention has been paid to the development of software tools for selecting features that describe textural differences to divide texture regions into subregions. That is weeds, and pests in aerial images. The application of a set of textural features and orthogonal transformations to the analysis of experimental data is explored to identify regions of potentially correlated features in the future. The analysis of the received data made it possible to determine the characteristics of changes in the reflective capacity of agricultural plants and weeds in certain stages of the growing season. The obtained information is of great importance for confirming the observations from space remote from the aerial images.</span>
OPAL: Ontology-Aware Pretrained Language Model for End-to-End Task-Oriented Dialogue
Authors: Chen Zhi , Liu Yuncong , Chen Lu , Zhu Su , Wu Mengyue , Yu Kai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an ontology-aware pretrained language model (OPAL) for end-to-end task-oriented dialogue (TOD). Unlike chit-chat dialogue models, task-oriented dialogue models fulfill at least two task-specific modules: Dialogue state tracker (DST) and response generator (RG). The dialogue state consists of the domain-slot-value triples, which are regarded as the user’s constraints to search the domain-related databases. The large-scale task-oriented dialogue data with the annotated structured dialogue state usually are inaccessible. It prevents the development of the pretrained language model for the task-oriented dialogue. We propose a simple yet effective pretraining method to alleviate this problem, which consists of two pretraining phases. The first phase is to pretrain on large-scale contextual text data, where the structured information of the text is extracted by the information extracting tool. To bridge the gap between the pretraining method and downstream tasks, we design two pretraining tasks: ontology-like triple recovery and next-text generation, which simulates the DST and RG, respectively. The second phase is to fine-tune the pretrained model on the TOD data. The experimental results show that our proposed method achieves an exciting boost and obtains competitive performance even without any TOD data on CamRest676 and MultiWOZ benchmarks.
Locally Typical Sampling
Authors: Meister Clara , Pimentel Tiago , Wiher Gian , Cotterell Ryan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractToday’s probabilistic language generators fall short when it comes to producing coherent and fluent text despite the fact that the underlying models perform well under standard metrics (e.g., perplexity). This discrepancy has puzzled the language generation community for the last few years. In this work, we posit that the abstraction of natural language generation as a discrete stochastic process—which allows for an information-theoretic analysis—can provide new insights into the behavior of probabilistic language generators, for example, why high-probability texts can be dull or repetitive. Humans use language as a means of communicating information, aiming to do so in a simultaneously efficient and error-minimizing manner; in fact, psycholinguistics research suggests humans choose each word in a string with this subconscious goal in mind. We formally define the set of strings that meet this criterion: Those for which each word has an information content close to the expected information content, namely, the conditional entropy of our model. We then propose a simple and efficient procedure for enforcing this criterion when generating from probabilistic models, which we call locally typical sampling. Automatic and human evaluations show that, in comparison to nucleus and top-k sampling, locally typical sampling offers competitive performance (in both abstractive summarization and story generation) in terms of quality while consistently reducing degenerate repetitions.
Variations in the Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation and Its Changes with Distance from Shore over Two Contrasting Regions as Observed by IMERG, ERA5, and Spaceborne Ku Radar
Authors: Hayden Lindsey J. M. , Tan Jackson , Bolvin David T. , Huffman George J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The diurnal cycle of precipitation is highly regional and is typically a product of multiple competing, highly localized effects. The diurnal cycle in regions such as the Amazon and the Maritime Continent are of particular interest, due to the complex coastal and terrain effects. The high spatial and temporal resolution provided by the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission (IMERG) dataset are used in this study to examine the fine-scale features of the diurnal cycle in these regions. Using an 18-yr (2000–18) record of IMERG precipitation observations, diurnal and semidiurnal phase and amplitude are calculated using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) method on half-hourly averaged precipitation at 0.1° × 0.1°. Clear patterns of precipitation phase propagation with distance from shore are shown over both regions, with the diurnal phase and amplitude exhibiting a strong dependence on the distance from the coastline. Semidiurnal cycles are generally weaker than the diurnal cycle except in some isolated locations. Similar analysis is also conducted on the ERA5 reanalysis data in order to evaluate the model’s representation of the precipitation diurnal cycle. The model captures the broadscale patterns of diurnal variability but does not capture all the fine-scale patterns nor the exact timing that is observed by IMERG. Comparisons are also made to a long-record Ku radar dataset created by combining Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and GPM observations, thus providing an additional point of comparison for the timing of the ERA5 precipitation peak, since the timing precipitation can be different, even in between observational datasets.
The Detection of Bacteria in the Maxillary Sinus Secretion of Patients With Acute Rhinosinusitis Using an Electronic Nose: A Pilot Study
Authors: Virtanen Jussi , Roine Antti , Kontunen Anton , Karjalainen Markus , Numminen Jura , Oksala Niku , Rautiainen Markus , Kivekäs Ilkka 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Detecting bacteria as a causative pathogen of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a challenging task. Electronic nose technology is a novel method for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that has also been studied in association with the detection of several diseases. The aim of this pilot study was to analyze maxillary sinus secretion with differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) and to determine whether the secretion demonstrates a different VOC profile when bacteria are present. Methods: Adult patients with ARS symptoms were examined. Maxillary sinus contents were aspirated for bacterial culture and DMS analysis. k-Nearest neighbor and linear discriminant analysis were used to classify samples as positive or negative, using bacterial cultures as a reference. Results: A total of 26 samples from 15 patients were obtained. After leave-one-out cross-validation, k-nearest neighbor produced accuracy of 85%, sensitivity of 67%, specificity of 94%, positive predictive value of 86%, and negative predictive value of 84%. Conclusions: The results of this pilot study suggest that bacterial positive and bacterial negative sinus secretion release different VOCs and that DMS has the potential to detect them. However, as the results are based on limited data, further conclusions cannot be made. DMS is a novel method in disease diagnostics and future studies should examine whether the method can detect bacterial ARS by analyzing exhaled air.
Barriers to and ways of facilitating the implementation of Aragon’s Health-Promoting School network
Authors: Rodrigo-Sanjoaquín Javier , Murillo-Pardo Berta , Corral-Abós Ana , Lorente-Echeverría Silvia , Zaragoza Casterad Javier 
Published: January 2023

Background: The Health-Promoting School (HPS) framework offers a comprehensive approach to promoting health in schools. Aragon’s HPS network is a local organisation which has identified the need for closer cooperation between the education and health sectors as the main challenge facing its programme. Objectives: Previous studies from countries implementing HPS approaches have identified various outcomes and challenges. However, there is insufficient evidence to identify potential barriers to HPS implementation in Spain. This study therefore set out to explore these issues within the context of the HPS network in Aragon. Method: Three focus groups were held in different cities (Zaragoza, Huesca and Teruel) between April and May 2020. The total sample comprised 18 adults ( M = 45.21; SD = 12.61), 60% of whom were men. Eleven participants were HPS stakeholders (i.e. teachers, HPS coordinators) and seven were external collaborators (e.g. university professors, researchers). Results: The main barriers identified were the excessive workload for professionals involved in the network, limitations imposed by contextual factors such as lack of teacher and family involvement, and lack of supervision and communication within the HPS network. Strengthening collaboration with work in other settings, the provision of continuing education for teaching staff and more systematic evaluation were identified as potential ways forward. Conclusion: Using the principles identified in this paper, Aragon’s HPS network should be further developed to enhance effective implementation and improve sustainability.
Punk teacher education: Finding ways to interrupt the harmful effects of teacher accountabilities
Authors: Vass Greg 
Published: January 2023

In recent years a suite of policies and practices that are strongly influenced by efforts to make the work of educators and education providers more accountable, have had a powerful impact across the sector in settings such as Australia. In part, this goes some way to explaining why many working in the teaching profession report being dissatisfied with their role in education, and significant numbers leave the profession within the initial 5 years in Australia. Both in this context and beyond, there is a growing chorus of voices that encourage finding ways to push back and interrupt the impacts of accountability initiatives in education. Teacher education is itself one of the contexts in which this contestation is playing out, and whether it be voiced in terms of reimagining, revolutionising, or reclaiming education, the core sentiment can be interpreted as a type of call to arms for those working with educators. In this paper, I will make the case that punk can productively contribute to efforts responding to the influences of dominant culture in education. Punk in this usage can be thought of as social practices that generate cultural resources that can be utilised to question and critique dominant culture.
Active After Sunset: The Politics of Judicial Retirements in India
Authors: Dam Shubhankar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndian judges retire, but not into inactivity. Many pursue careers in government-appointed roles. Scaffolded around the concept of institutional corruption, this article interrogates the history, law and politics of the retirement careers of judges in India. Three questions take centre stage in this analysis: What types of careers do retired judges pursue? Why do they pursue them? How do judges’ post-retirement ambitions impact their pre-retirement decisions? The cumulative analysis suggests that the Supreme Court of India, not specific judges, benches or decisions, is institutionally corrupt. The system of post-retirement jobs cycles like an economy of influence that is weakening the institution’s effectiveness, especially its capacity for impartial adjudication in matters that involve governments. But the Indian court’s performance and its public reception also reveal unique attributes that can enrich our general understanding of institutional corruption and separate the concept’s essential features from its auxiliary ones.
Can a Protectionist Measure be Non-Discriminatory? Comparative Federal Markets and a Proposal for a Definition of Discrimination Under s 92 of the Australian Constitution
Authors: Nagy Csongor István 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThree decades ago, in Cole v Whitfield, the High Court of Australia opted for a discrimination-based standard with the argument that s 92 of the Australian Constitution targets solely protectionist measures. This article demonstrates, with the use of comparative law analysis, that, in contrast with this teleology, the High Court has built a lacunose definition of discrimination that is incapable of covering the whole spectrum of protectionist measures. It argues that measures having an asymmetric impact should be considered discriminatory and countenanced only if they are justified by a local legitimate end and are proportionate, even if they rely on distinctions that are not based on out-of-state origin.
Using behavioral theories to study health-promoting behaviors in palliative care research
Authors: Scherrens Anne-Lore , Deforche Benedicte , Deliens Luc , Cohen Joachim , Beernaert Kim 
Published: January 2023

Background: Behavioral theories are often used to better understand and change health-promoting behaviors and develop evidence-based interventions. However, researchers often lack of knowledge on how to use these theories in palliative care and people confronted with serious illness. Clear examples or guidelines are needed. Aim: To describe how behavioral theories can be used to gain insight into critical factors of health-promoting behavior in seriously ill people, using a case example of “starting a conversation about palliative care with the physician” for people with incurable cancer. Methods: We used a health promotion approach. Step 1: We chose a theory. Step 2: We applied and adapted the selected theory by performing interviews with the target population which resulted in a new behavioral model. Step 3: We operationalized the factors of this model. An expert group checked content validity. We tested the questionnaire cognitively. Step 4: We conducted a survey study and performed logistic regression analyses to identify the most important factors. Results: Step 1: We selected the Theory of Planned Behavior. Step 2: This theory was applicable to the target behavior, but needed extending. Step 3: The final survey included 131 items. Step 4: Attitudinal factors were the most important factors associated with the target behavior of starting a conversation about palliative care with the physician. Conclusions: This paper describes a method applied to a specific example, offering guidance for researchers and practitioners interested in understanding and changing a target behavior and its factors in seriously ill people.
Pseudo-hallucinations are for real in some patients with a bipolar disorder
Authors: Parker Gordon , Coroneo Minas 
Published: January 2023

Objective To provide exemplars of pseudo-hallucinations experienced by six individuals with bipolar disorder, suggest that they may be preferentially overrepresented in those with that condition and argue that their presence does not indicate that the individual is necessarily psychotic. Method Historical definitions of pseudo-hallucinations are overviewed and six profiles are presented considering manifestations in those with a bipolar disorder, their sequencing and response to medication. Results The six patients initially judged such experiences as true hallucinations and, only over time, did they recognize their falsity. Clinical observation suggests that pseudo-hallucinations may be more common in those with a bipolar disorder and that they can precede, cooccur or follow disorder onset, can manifest during any phase of the condition and that they may or may not respond to medication prescribed for the bipolar disorder. Conclusions The exemplars of pseudo-hallucinations overviewed here indicate their richness of expression, their variable time course with illness stages and their variable response to medications prescribed for the bipolar condition.
Current Orthognathic Surgery Practice Patterns Among Academic OMS
Authors: Bourne Graham , Kinard Brian 
Published: January 2023

Objective Currently there is variation in perioperative care of orthognathic surgery patients and limited clinical practice guidelines. The current orthognathic surgery practice patterns among US academic OMFS training centers have not been described. The purpose of this study is to describe the practice patterns among US academic OMFS training centers. Design The study design is cross-sectional. Data was collected through a survey of the sample. Setting OMFS programs in the US. Participants Academic OMFS. 573 surgeons were contacted and 85 responses were received. Main Outcome Measure Descriptive and bivariate statistics were reported. Results Respondents were 87% male and worked in full-time academic (80%), part-time academic (19%), or military settings (1%). Thirty-one percent have practiced for 30 years or more and then 29% with 11–20 years, 18% with 21–30 years, 12% with 6–10 years and 11% with 1–5 years. Twenty-six percent of respondents perform 20–40 orthognathic surgeries a year, 22% perform less than 20 surgeries a year, 21% perform 40–60 surgeries per year, and 19% perform more than 100 surgeries per year. Intraoperatively, 48% of surgeons request a mean arterial pressure of 60–64 mmHg, 25% utilize tranexamic acid (TXA), 85% report a blood loss of less than 400 milliliters, and 93% report a blood transfusion rate of <1%. Conclusion There are variations in orthognathic surgery practice patterns with limited clinical practice guidelines. Only 13 of the 32 survey questions had a single response holding a simple majority. This study demonstrates the need for further research and evidence-based protocols and decision making.
Sesamoid Position Change Over 2 Years After Distal Chevron Osteotomy for Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bello-Tejeda Laiz Lissette , Perez-Aznar Adolfo , Sebastia-Forcada Emilio , Miralles-Muñoz Francisco Antonio , Lizaur-Utrilla Alejandro , Vizcaya-Moreno M. Flores 
Published: January 2023

Background: Sesamoid position change after distal chevron osteotomy for moderate to severe hallux valgus is not well known in the literature. The objective of this study was to determine whether the sesamoid position changed over 2 years after distal chevron osteotomy for moderate to severe hallux valgus. Methods: Ninety-seven patients who underwent distal chevron osteotomy for moderate to severe hallux valgus were prospectively assessed for 2 years. There were 91 females, and the mean age was 54.9 (SD 10.9) years. The Self-Reported Foot and Ankle Score (SEFAS) was used for functional assessment. Foot pain was assessed by a 0-10 visual analog scale (VAS), and patient satisfaction by a 5-point Likert scale. Radiologically, hallux valgus angle (HVA), first-second intermetatarsal angle (IMA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), metatarsal head displacement, and sesamoid position by the AOFAS criteria were analyzed. Patients were classified according to the medial sesamoid position on the first postoperative weightbearing radiograph (1º-WB-Xray) into the reduced sesamoid group (66 patients) and nonreduced sesamoid group (31 patients). Results: All patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 month and 2 years. On the 1º-WB-Xray, IMA was significantly lower in the reduced group ( P = .038), but HVA ( P = .063) and DMAA ( P = .246) were not significantly different. At the final follow-up, no patients in the reduced group had sesamoid position change from 1º-WB-Xray, whereas 8 (25.8%) patients in the nonreduced group had change of their sesamoid positions. The SEFAS was not significantly different between groups preoperatively ( P = .386) or at 1 month postoperation ( P = .064). The final SEFAS, VAS pain, and satisfaction scores were significantly better in the reduced group, although the clinical significance of these changes remains unknown. Conclusion: A nonreduced position of the sesamoids obtained in surgery can cause their increased malposition over 2 postoperative years and statistically less functional outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.