bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Constant Potential on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity of M2CO2 and M2NO2 MXenes
Authors: Wan Pifang , Tang Qing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) have been widely explored as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, current theoretical understanding of the MXene activity mainly relies on the charge neutral method, which neglects the charge effect from the electrode potential. In this work, using hydrogen adsorption as the testing probe, we compared the HER activity of M2CO2 and M2NO2 MXenes via the constant potential method (CPM) and charge neutral method (CNM) computations. The results indicate that the CNM overestimates the H adsorption strength on most MXenes, and the difference in H adsorption free energy between CNM and CPM enlarges with the increase of potential. The
difference is mainly caused by the potential induced charge effects, which affect the chemical reactivity and become more evident at the higher potential. Particularly, the Mo2CO2 is HER more active than Ti2CO2 under CPM computations, which contrasts with the CNM results but shows good agreement with the experiment. We introduced a descriptor φ related to the Fermi‐level and geometric properties of MXenes, which is highly correlated with the adsorption strength of H and can be applied as an effective activity descriptor. Our work advances the understanding of the effect of potential on HER and can be extended to other electrochemical reactions in MXene.
Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency: A Measurement for Improving Nutrient Management in Wheat
Authors: Esser Aaron 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNutrient management, and more specifically nitrogen management, is important for the bottom line and is an integral part of soil health. Conducting a post‐harvest assessment of yield, grain protein levels, and nutrient uptake efficiency is a vital part of an effective nutrient management plan. This article demonstrates the use of a tool to do this. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Nutrient Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Circulating cardiac MicroRNAs safeguard against dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Cheng Xiaolei , Jian Dongdong , Xing Junyue , Liu Cihang , Liu Yong , Cui Cunying , Li Zhen , Wang Shixing , Li Ran , Ma Xiaohan , Wang Yingying , Gu Xiaoping , Ge Zhenwei , Tang Hao , Liu Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiac‐resident or ‐enriched microRNAs (miRNAs) could be released into the bloodstream becoming circulating cardiac miRNAs, which are increasingly recognized as non‐invasive and accessible biomarkers of multiple heart diseases. However, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)‐associated circulating miRNAs (DACMs) and their roles in DCM pathogenesis remain largely unexplored.MethodsTwo human cohorts, consisting of healthy individuals and DCM patients, were enrolled for serum miRNA sequencing (10 vs. 10) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation (46 vs. 54), respectively. Rigorous screening strategy was enacted to define DACMs and their potentials for diagnosis. DCM mouse model, different sources of cardiomyocytes, adeno‐associated virus 9 (AAV9), gene knockout, RNAscope miRNA in situ hybridization, mRFP‐GFP‐LC3B reporter, echocardiography and transmission electron microscopy were adopted for mechanistic explorations.ResultsSerum miRNA sequencing revealed a unique expression pattern for DCM circulating miRNAs. DACMs miR‐26a‐5p, miR‐30c‐5p, miR‐126‐5p and miR‐126‐3p were found to be depleted in DCM circulation as well as heart tissues. Their expressions in circulation and heart tissues were proven to be correlated significantly, and a combination of these miRNAs was suggested potential values for DCM diagnosis. FOXO3, a predicted common target, was experimentally demonstrated to be co‐repressed within cardiomyocytes by these DACMs except miR‐26a‐5p. Delivery of a combination of miR‐30c‐5p, miR‐126‐5p and miR‐126‐3p into the murine myocardium via AAV9 carrying an expression cassette driven by cTnT promoter, or cardiac‐specific knockout of FOXO3 (Myh6‐CreERT2, FOXO3 flox+/+) dramatically attenuated cardiac apoptosis and autophagy involved in DCM progression. Moreover, competitively disrupting the interplay between DACMs and FOXO3 mRNA by specifically introducing their interacting regions into murine myocardium crippled the cardioprotection of DACMs against DCM.ConclusionsCirculating cardiac miRNA‐FOXO3 axis plays a pivotal role in safeguarding against myocardial apoptosis and excessive autophagy in DCM development, which may provide serological cues for DCM non‐invasive diagnosis and shed light on DCM pathogenesis and therapeutic targets.
Bacteriophages and food safety: An updated overview
Authors: Imran Ali , Shehzadi Umber , Islam Fakhar , Afzaal Muhammad , Ali Rehman , Ali Yuosra Amer , Chauhan Anamika , Biswas Sunanda , Khurshid Sadaf , Usman Ifrah , Hussain Ghulam , Zahra Syeda Mahvish , Shah Mohd Asif , Rasool Adil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite significant advances in pathogen survival and food cleaning measures, foodborne diseases continue to be the main reason for hospitalization or other fatality globally. Conventional antibacterial techniques including pasteurization, pressurized preparation, radioactivity, as well as synthetic antiseptics could indeed decrease bacterial activity in nutrition to variable levels, despite their serious downsides like an elevated upfront outlay, the possibility of accessing malfunctions due to one corrosiveness, as well as an adverse effect upon those the foodstuffs' organoleptic properties and maybe their nutritional significance. Greatest significantly, these cleansing methods eliminate all contaminants, including numerous (often beneficial) bacteria found naturally in food. A huge amount of scientific publication that discussed the application of virus bioremediation to treat a multitude of pathogenic bacteria in meals spanning between prepared raw food to fresh fruit and vegetables although since initial idea through using retroviruses on meals. Furthermore, the quantity of widely viable bacteriophage‐containing medicines licensed for use in health and safety purposes has continuously expanded. Bacteriophage bio‐control, a leafy and ordinary technique that employs lytic bacteriophages extracted from the atmosphere to selectively target pathogenic bacteria and remove meaningfully decrease their stages meals, is one potential remedy that solves some of these difficulties. It has been suggested that applying bacteriophages to food is a unique method for avoiding bacterial development in vegetables. Because of their selectivity, security, stability, and use, bacteriophages are desirable. Phages have been utilized in post‐harvest activities, either alone or in combination with antimicrobial drugs, since they are effective, strain‐specific, informal to split and manipulate. In this review to ensure food safety, it may be viable to use retroviruses as a spontaneous treatment in the thread pollution of fresh picked fruits and vegetables, dairy, and convenience foods.
Physicochemical and functional characterization of gelatin edible film incorporated with fucoidan isolated from Sargassum tenerrimum
Authors: Pouralkhas Mohsen , Kordjazi Moazemeh , Ojagh Seyed Mahdi , Farsani Omid Asadi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiodegradable films were created with fish gelatin and fucoidan extracted from Sargassum tenerrimum using 30% glycerol as a plasticizer. The gelatin films were incorporated with fucoidan (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%), respectively. Results presented that the average thickness of films ranged from 0.12 to 0.147 mm. Tensile strength (TS) was decreased from 29.27 to 3.46 MPa by adding the fucoidan except for the gelatin/fucoidan 10% (5.35 MPa) sample. The results showed that the physical characteristics (the contact angle (Ɵ), water solubility, opacity, and moisture content) of the films significantly changed depending on different fucoidan concentrations. FTIR and SEM analysis confirmed the interaction of fucoidan with gelatin in the composite film. Furthermore, adding 10% fucoidan showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity (65%) than other treatments. Therefore, incorporation of fucoidan extracted from brown algae (Sargassum tenerrimum) with fish gelatin films improved thermal stability, anti‐oxidative, and antibacterial characteristics in addition to enhanced mechanical and protective properties, to be used as a bioactive edible film in the food packaging industry.
Consistent valuation of a reduction in mortality risk using values per life, life year, and quality‐adjusted life year
Authors: Hammitt James K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe monetary value of a reduction in mortality risk can be accurately characterized using the alternative concepts of value per statistical life (VSL), value per statistical life year (VSLY), and value per quality‐adjusted life year (VQALY). Typically, each of these values depends on the age and other characteristics of the affected individual; at most one of the values can be independent of age. The common practice of valuing a transient or persistent risk reduction using a constant VSL, VSLY, or VQALY yields systematic differences in the calculated monetary value that depend on the age at which the risk reduction begins, its duration, time path, and whether future lives, life years, or quality‐adjusted life years are discounted. Mutually consistent, age‐dependent VSL, VSLY, and VQALY are derived and the large differences in valuation of illustrative transient and persistent risk reductions that can result from assuming age‐independent values of each of the three concepts are illustrated.
Comparison of medical resource consumption between oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma with and without sarcopenia: A nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Chen Wan‐Ming , Chang Chia‐Hao , Ko Jenq‐Yuh , Chen Ming‐Chih , Shia Ben‐Chang , Wu Szu‐Yuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeNo study has compared long‐term medical resource consumption between patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) with and without sarcopenia receiving curative surgery.Patients and MethodsGeneralized linear mixed and logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the number of postoperative visits and medical reimbursement for head and neck cancer or complications and the number of hospitalizations for treatment‐related complications over 5 years after curative surgery, respectively.ResultsThe mean difference (95% CI) in total medical claims amounts between the nonsarcopenia and sarcopenia groups were new Taiwan dollars (NTD) 47 820 (35 864–59 776, p < 0.0001), 11 902 (4897–18 908, p = 0.0009), 17 282 (10 666–23 898, p < 0.0001), 17 364 (9644–25 084, p < 0.0001), and 8236 (111–16 362, p = 0.0470) for the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth years, respectively.ConclusionThe long‐term medical resource consumption was higher in the sarcopenia group than in the nonsarcopenia group.
Child refugee's social skills and resilience: Moderating effects of time in refugee camp, parental education, and preschool attendance
Authors: Kuru Nilufer , Ungar Michael , Akman Berrin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this cross‐sectional study, we examine the relationship between social skills and resilience and the moderating effects of time spent in a refugee camp, parental education, and schooling on Syrian children who have been forcibly displaced to Turkey. Five hundred and twenty‐six preschool‐aged children (56.3% female, Mage = 5.79) were recruited to participate in this research. The Turkish version of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure‐Revised (CYRM‐R) and the Early Childhood Social Skills Measure (ECSSM) were used to assess refugee children's social skills and resilience, respectively. Results show that the children's social skills were positively related to resilience with length of time spent in a refugee camp, the parental education level, and preschool attendance moderating this association. These results highlight the role of social skills as a possible means of enhancing refugee children's resilience.
Field‐assisted electrocatalysts spark sulfur redox kinetics: From fundamentals to applications
Authors: Li Hongtai , Li Yanguang , Zhang Liang , Chen Zhongwei , Sun Xueliang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe chief culprit impeding the commercialization of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is the parasitic shuttle effect and restricted redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). To circumvent these key stumbling blocks, incorporating electrocatalysts with rational electronic structure modulation into sulfur cathode plays a decisive role in vitalizing the higher electrocatalytic activity to promote sulfur utilization efficiency. Breaking the stereotype of contemporary electrocatalyst design kept on pretreatment, field‐assisted electrocatalysts offer strategic advantages in dynamically controllable electrochemical reactions that might be thorny to regulate in conventional electrochemical processes. However, the highly interdisciplinary field‐assisted electrochemistry puzzles researchers for a fundamental understanding of the ambiguous correlations among electronic structure, surface adsorption properties, and catalytic performance. In this review, the mechanisms, functionality explorations, and advantages of field‐assisted electrocatalysts including electric, magnetic, light, thermal, and strain fields in Li–S batteries have been summarized. By demonstrating pioneering work for customized geometric configuration, energy band engineering, and optimal microenvironment arrangement in response to decreased activation energy and enriched reactant concentration for accelerated sulfur redox kinetics, cutting‐edge insights into the holistic periscope of charge‐spin‐orbital‐lattice interplay between LiPSs and electrocatalysts are scrutinized, which aspires to advance the comprehensive understanding of the complex electrochemistry of Li–S batteries. Finally, future perspectives are provided to inspire innovations capable of defeating existing restrictions.
Interaction mechanism and spatial effect of cross-regional haze pollution based on a multisectoral economy–energy–environment (3E) model and the evidence from China
Authors: Li Li , Deng Peng , Ding Xinting , Sun Junwei , Hong Xuefei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The transboundary characteristics and multisectoral factor interaction mechanism of haze pollution have aroused widespread attention but remain understudied. This article proposes a comprehensive conceptual model that clarifies regional haze pollution, further establishes a theoretical framework on a cross-regional, multisectoral economy–energy–environment (3E) system, and attempts to empirically investigate the spatial effect and interaction mechanism employing a spatial-econometrics model based on China's province-level regions. The results demonstrate that (1) regional haze pollution is a transboundary atmospheric state formed by the accumulation and agglomeration of various emission pollutants; moreover, there is a “snowball” effect and a spatial spillover effect. (2) The formation and evolution of haze pollution are driven by the multisectoral factors of 3E system interaction, and the findings still hold after theoretical and empirical analysis and robustness tests. (3) Significant spatial autocorrelation exists for the 3E factors, presenting different clustering modes with a dynamic spatiotemporal evolution, particularly in the high-high (H-H) mode and low-low (L-L) mode. (4) Significant heterogeneous impacts of economic and energy factors on haze pollution are identified, namely, an inverted “U-shaped” relationship and a positive linear association, respectively. Further spatial analysis demonstrates a strong spatial spillover and obvious path dependence among local and neighboring regions. Policymakers are advised to consider multisectoral 3E system interaction and cross-regional collaboration. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1525–1543. © 2023 SETAC
Design of College Students' physical health monitoring APP based on sports health big data
Authors: Zhang Xiaoni , Li Ran , Li Yunwei , Wang Yunsheng , Wu Feilong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAt present, the living habits of college students are relatively poor, and the amount of exercise is reduced, leading to their physical fitness getting worse and worse. Therefore, people began to study the physical health monitoring of college students. Machine learning and high‐performance computing in medical applications provide technical support for intelligent medical technology. With the rapid development of computer network, human beings have entered the information and digital era, and sports health big data has become more and more popular. The combination of sports health big data and student physical health monitoring technology, in a sense, can realize automatic data processing through intelligent medical and sports health database and other information technologies, thus promoting the popularization of health monitoring technology. However, the current health monitoring equipment has many problems, such as complex collection, low accuracy and limited processing of health data. To solve this problem, this paper developed an Application (APP) based on sports health big data technology that can monitor multiple vital signs such as human heart rate and body temperature, and analyze the physical health of college students, so that college students can easily understand their health status in daily life, so as to promote the healthy development of students' physique and encourage them to actively participate in physical exercise. The experiment proved that, in the heart rate monitoring, when the speed is 6 km/h, the error rate of the college students' physical health monitoring APP designed in this paper is 8.15%. The average accuracy rate of student steps monitoring is 97.12%. This showed the accuracy and availability of the APP's monitoring function for human vital signs. It has certain application value and significance to help students improve their physical quality.
Why so slangry (sleepy and angry)? Shorter sleep duration and lower sleep efficiency predict worse next‐day mood in adolescents
Authors: Master Lindsay , Nahmod Nicole G. , Mathew Gina Marie , Hale Lauren , Chang Anne‐Marie , Buxton Orfeu M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThe goal of this study was to evaluate the relationships of actigraphic nighttime sleep duration and quality with next‐day mood among urban adolescents using a micro‐longitudinal design.MethodsA subsample (N = 525) of participants from the Fragile Families & Child Wellbeing Study (mean age: 15.4 years; 53% female; 42% Black non‐Hispanic, 24% Hispanic/Latino, 19% White non‐Hispanic) in the United States between 2014 and 2016 concurrently wore a wrist actigraphic sleep monitor and rated their daily mood in electronic diaries for about 1 week. Multilevel models tested the within‐person temporal associations of nightly sleep duration and sleep maintenance efficiency with next‐day reports of happiness, anger, and loneliness. The models also tested the between‐person associations of sleep variables and mood. Models adjusted for sociodemographic and household characteristics, weekend, and school year.ResultsAfter nights when adolescents obtained longer sleep duration than their usual, they reported lower ratings of anger (B = –.03, p < .01) the next day. After nights when adolescents had higher sleep maintenance efficiency than their usual, they reported higher ratings of happiness (B = .02, p < .01) the next day. Adolescents who had longer average sleep duration reported lower ratings of anger (B = –.08, p < .01) and loneliness (B = –.08, p < .01) compared to others. There was no within‐person association of sleep duration or efficiency with loneliness. Sleep duration was not associated with happiness between adolescents, and sleep maintenance efficiency was not associated with any mood measure between adolescents.ConclusionsImprovements to nightly sleep may help increase happiness and decrease anger the following day in adolescents. Promoting sleep health is recommended to improve mood.
Sarcopenia and health‐related quality of life: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Beaudart Charlotte , Demonceau Céline , Reginster Jean‐Yves , Locquet Médéa , Cesari Matteo , Cruz Jentoft Alfonso J. , Bruyère Olivier 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe decrease of physical abilities and functional decline that can be caused by musculoskeletal conditions such as sarcopenia, can lead to higher levels of dependency and disability. Therefore, it may influence patient reported outcome measures (PROM), such as the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between sarcopenia and HRQoL. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) were followed throughout the whole process of this work. A protocol was previously published on PROSPERO. The electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), EMB Review – ACP Journal Club, EBM Review ‐ Cochrane Central of Register of Controlled Trials and APA PsychInfo were searched until October 2022 for observational studies reporting a HRQoL assessment in both sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic individuals. Study selection and data extraction were carried out by two independent researchers. Meta‐analysis was performed using a random effect model, reporting an overall standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) between sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic individuals. Study quality was measured using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale and the strength of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. The search strategy identified 3725 references from which 43 observational studies were eligible and included in this meta‐synthesis study. A significantly lower HRQoL was observed for sarcopenic individuals compared with non‐sarcopenic ones (SMD −0.76; 95% CI −0.95; −0.57). Significant heterogeneity was associated with the model (I2 = 93%, Q test P‐value <0.01). Subgroup analysis showed a higher effect size when using the specific questionnaire SarQoL compared with generic questionnaires (SMD −1.09; 95% CI −1.44; −0.74 with the SarQoL versus −0.49; 95% CI −0.63; −0.36 with generic tools; P‐value for interaction <0.01). A greater difference of HRQoL between sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic was found for individuals residing in care homes compared with community‐dwelling individuals (P‐value for interaction <0.001). No differences were found between age groups, diagnostic techniques, and continents/regions. The level of evidence was rated as moderate using the GRADE assessment. This systematic review and meta‐analysis combining 43 observational studies shows that HRQoL is significantly reduced in sarcopenic patients. The use of disease‐specific HRQoL instruments may better discriminate sarcopenic patients with respect to their quality of life.