bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is that lift diagram correct? A visual study of flight education literature
Authors: Wild Graham 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With a complex topic such as aerodynamics, subtle points are critical. In this work images illustrating air flow around wings and aerofoils were studied to explore misunderstandings in aerodynamics education. While these images are common in textbooks and popular science media, this study was limited to the 135 physics education articles on the topic of lift, of which 49 contained illustrations of air flow around an aerofoil or wing. These 49 cases were included for qualitative comparison using visual semiotics. It was found that 28% of images did not include upwash, and only 44% included stagnation points. For the case of 2D flow around aerofoils 30% were illustrated correctly, while for wings 75% were correct. These results excluded the seven completely incorrect illustrations where common misconceptions were presented as facts. Most illustrations of flow around an aerofoil incorrectly depicted flow around a wing.
Gyrokinetic simulations of core turbulence and thermal transport in the high-β
P discharge on EAST
Authors: Hu Y C , Ye L , Gong X Z , Garofalo A M , Qian J P , Huang J , Zhang B , Zhao P F , Hu Y J , Ren Q L , Zhang J Y , Zhang X X , Liang R R , Wang Z H 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The properties of core turbulence and thermal transport are investigated for EAST high-β
P (β
P ∼ 3.1) plasmas with dominant electron heating (T
e/T
i > 1) via gyrokinetic simulation with the NLT code. Linear simulations identify that the electrostatic

η
e

-driven trapped electron mode (

η
e

-TEM) dominates in the core region (ρ< 0.7) and the ion temperature gradient (ITG) mode dominates in the out region (ρ⩾ 0.7), consistent with the linear threshold analysis of micro-instabilities. Sensitivity analysis shows that the normalized electron density gradient (R/L
ne) and ITG (R/L
Ti) are two effective parameters to stabilize TEM instability. Nonlinear simulations are also carried out and compared with the experimental results, which show that the electron thermal internal transport barrier (ITB) in EAST high-β
P plasma is determined by the TEM-induced turbulence. A higher zonal flow shearing rate is observed in the ITB region (0.2 < ρ < 0.34), which can regulate energy transport induced by TEM turbulence and facilitate the formation of e-ITB. A plausible positive feedback mechanism to mitigate turbulence transport and improve energy confinement via enhanced ion heating is proposed for future experiments.
Intense laser-generated ion beams in plasmas: the rapid heating regime
Authors: Robinson A P L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Previous work (Robinson 2022 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
64 105014) has shown that there is a regime of ion beam transport in plasmas where the electron–ion drag becomes so intense that the electron temperature rapidly rises to temperatures at which the electron–ion drag is strongly reduced. This regime is mainly thought to pertain to short-pulse laser-generated ion beams, because of the ion energy fluences required to enter this regime. The regime for was thought to be determined by a dimensionless number,

Ξ
h

. Here it is shown that there is another dimensionless number that needs to be considered. Numerical simulations show that this dimensionless number, χ

h
, does not affect the half-energy range of the ion beam, but does determine how strong stopping is at the ion beam front, and thus how rapidly the beam energy falls past the half-energy range.
First Sodium Laser Guide Star Asterism Launching Platform in China on the 1.8 m Telescope at Gaomeigu Observatory
Authors: Wang Rui-Tao , Li Hong-Yang , Feng Lu , Li Min , Bian Qi , Zuo Jun-Wei , Jin Kai , Wang Chen , Liang Yue , Wang Ming , Dou Jun-Feng , Zhang Ding-Wen , Wei Kai , Guo You-Ming , Bo Yong , Xue Sui-Jian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The application of a sodium laser guide star is the key difference between a modern adaptive optics system and traditional adaptive optics system. Especially in system such as multiconjugate adaptive optics, a sodium laser guide star asterism that is formed by several laser guide stars in a certain pattern is required to probe more atmospheric turbulence in different directions. To achieve this, a sodium laser guide star asterism launching platform is required. In this paper, we introduce the sodium laser guide star asterism launching platform built and tested on the 1.8 m telescope of Gaomeigu Observatory. The platform has two functions: one function is to compare the performance of sodium laser guide stars generated by different lasers at the same place, and the other function is to generate a sodium laser guide star asterism with an adjustable shape. The field test results at the beginning of 2021 verified the important role of the platform, which is also the first time that a sodium laser guide star asterism was realized in China.
Biorock® Technology Application To The Growth And Acropora Corals Growth Rate
Authors: Nugroho BS , Zuhry N , Kusnandar K , Simanjuntak SW , Alamsyah HK , Karissa PT 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Karang Jeruk is one of the destinations for coral reef ecosystems in Tegal Regency. This study aimed to determine the growth and growth rate of branched coral Acropora transplanted using the biorock® method in Karang Jeruk Waters, Tegal Regency. The method used in this research is the method of experimentation and observation. It is then analyzed through the t-Students test using SPSS version 16. Based on the research results, the absolute growth of Acropora coral at the biorock® station was more significant than the absolute growth at the control station, both for height and diameter or significantly difference. It can be seen that the absolute height growth at the biorock® station is 44.9750 ± 15.3901 mm, while at the control station, 2.1675 ± 0.6726 mm, and the absolute diameter growth at the biorock® station is 0.8350 ± 0.2177 mm while at the control station 0 .2025 ± 0.0835 mm. The growth rate of Acropora coral at the biorock® station was faster than the growth rate at the control station, both for height and diameter. It can be seen that the high growth rate at the biorock® station is 11.2438 ± 3.8475 mm month-1, while at the control station, 0.5419 ± 0.1682 mm month-1, and the diameter growth rate at the biorock® station is 0.2088 ± 0.0544 mm month-1 while at the control station 0.0506 ± 0.0209 mm month-1.
Effect of The Combination of Kefa Forest Honey and Euphorbia hirta as a Curative agent of Vibrio alginolyticus in the Hybrid Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
Authors: Salosso Yuliana , Tjendanawangi Agnette , Lopez Silbinu , Pasaribu Wesly 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Kefa forest honey and Euphorbia hirta have an antibacterial effect against pathogenic bacteria in fish. This work investigated the combination of honey and E. hirta against Vibrio alginolitycus in the hybrid grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. The active ingredients and antibacterial activity of Kefa forest honey and E. hirta were tested in vitro at different concentrations using the disk method. The experimental animals were injected with V. alginolitycus suspension at a concentration of 106 cells ml−1/fish. After the fish showed symptoms of infection, the treatment was carried out for 5 consecutive days by immersion in the mixture of 25% Kefa honey and E. hirta at different concentrations of honey and E. hirta combinations. After treatment, the fish were monitored for 7 days. During the study, observations on hematology and clinical symptoms were made. The results showed that the combination of Kefa honey and E. hirta had antibacterial activity against V. alginolitycus in vitro and in vivo can increase the hematological profile of grouper and alleviate clinical symptoms due to V. alginolitycus infection. The results showed that administration of a combination Kefa forest honey and E. hirta was effective as a cure for V. alginolyticus infection in grouper.
The Effect of Use Herbal Plus Probiotic on Nursery Stage Milkfish (Chanos Chanos) Culture
Authors: Nurjanah  , Hartanti Ninik Umi , Sofian  
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The milkfish, or Chanos chanos, is a fish that is frequently raised in brackish water ponds and is in high demand by consumers. It has a large economic value. A procedure known as nursery cultivation is used to maintain milkfish fry and produces fish that are prepared to be reared in ponds when they reach a specific size. The goal of this study is to determine how probiotics and herbs affect the growth and survival of milkfish. The materials used in this study were milkfish with an average weight of 0.018−0.01 g, commercial milkfish feed with a 20% protein content, probiotics, and a mixture of turmeric extract and curcuma. The investigation was conducted utilizing an experimental technique and a thoroughly randomized design with three replications of each treatment and one control. Data analysis used analysis of variance (One Way Anova) to compare milkfish cultivation in treatment A (milkfish with herbal feed), treatment B (milkfish with feed containing probiotics), treatment C (milkfish with feed containing herbs and probiotics), and control (milkfish nursery with feed). The analysis’s results showed that while adding herbs, probiotics, or herbs plus probiotics to the diet had no significant effects on milkfish survival (P > 0.05), they did significantly influence fish growth when compared to controls (P 0.05). When compared to controls, W herbs + probiotics in feed had a substantial impact on fish development but no significant impact (P>0.05) on milkfish survival. When compared to controls, W herbs + probiotics in feed had a substantial impact on fish development but no significant impact (P>0.05) on milkfish survival. During the maintenance period, the water quality metrics were within an acceptable range for milkfish to survive and thrive..
Organoleptic Test and Formalin Content of Dried Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) in Sawojajar Market, Brebes Regency
Authors: Alamsyah Heru Kurniawan , Mulyani Sri , Kusnandar  , Saputri Rizka Dwi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In general, anchovy is marketed in dried form in almost all traditional markets. The quality of marketed fish changes based on space and time. The purpose of this research is to determine the quality of dry salted anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) based on organoleptic tests and formalin content at the Sawojajar market. The method used is a case study. Samples were taken randomly at the Sawojajar market, then tested at the Cirebon KIPM Station laboratory. Data analysis was carried out by comparing the results of formalin and organoleptic tests according to SNI 2346-2015 on dried salted anchovy. The results showed that all samples did not contain formalin and the organoleptic test showed that the value in sample I was 5 in II and III, the same value was 6. The organoleptic value of the three samples of salted dried anchovy was still below the SNI threshold, while the organoleptic value of salted dried anchovies was 7 (SNI 23462015).
Thermo-economic analyses of the waste heat and water recovery system from flue gas by heat pump integrated with different heat utilization ways in coal-fired power plant
Authors: Yan Min , Ren Jinli , Ma Yang , Chen Binjian , Gao Yan , Ma Chunyuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To recover the waste heat and water simultaneously from flue gas after wet desulphurization, a novel method by adding a flash evaporation device and heat pump system was proposed. The thermal-economic theoretical models for systems integrated with three different heat utilization ways were established based on the method of equivalent enthalpy drop. A typical 300 MW coal-fired power plant was selected as a case to compare the thermo-economic performance. Results show that when the flue gas temperature decreased from 50°C to 30°C, the amounts of recovered waste heat and water could be up to 65.2MW and 81.4t/h, respectively. At the same heat output of 11.3 MW from heat pump, the heat utilization way of pre-heating air exhibited the best energy-saving performance with the net efficiency of power plant increasing to 42.46% from 42.3%.
Study on formation damage mechanism of carbonate reservoir in Shunbei No.2 area of northwest oil field
Authors: Wang Long , Gao Wei , Dai Changlou 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A series of experiments were carried out to evaluate and analyze the damage mechanism of carbonate reservoir in Shunbei No.2 Area, Xinjiang, China. According to the analysis of reservoir lithology and physical properties, combined with reservoir fluid characteristics and environmental characteristics, the potential factors of formation core damage were analyzed. The potential damage of reservoir is as follows: solid phase particle intrusion blockage, stress sensitivity and strong water lock damage. The effect of pressure time on permeability was eliminated by fracture stability correction. Fracture stability correction was used to evaluate core sensitivity. There is no velocity sensitive damage in the reservoir core, but weak water sensitive and salt sensitive damage, moderate and weak alkali sensitive damage and strong stress sensitive damage.
Power supply optimization method based on multivariate load peak-valley complementary characteristics
Authors: Yue Guo , Yudi Ding , Yunfei Wang , Huan Yan , Xiaoxiao Geng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The power grid load shows a trend of diversified development. With the continuous increase of the power grid construction scale, it is very important to optimize the power supply of the distribution network and improve the utilization of assets and equipment by using the peak valley complementary characteristics of multiple loads. In this paper, the peak-valley fluctuation characteristics of load are classified and analyzed. Cluster analysis is used to study the load classification with stable peak-valley characteristics in the complex load composition. Based on the peak-peak superposition and peak-valley complementary characteristics of the classified load, and considering the load space dimension, the multi-load optimization combination method for the whole period and time segment is proposed, and verified by simulation.
Supercloseness of the local discontinuous Galerkin method for a singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problem
Authors: Cheng Yao , Jiang Shan , Stynes Martin 
Published: March 2023

A singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problem posed on the unit square in

R

2

\mathbb {R}^2

, whose solution has exponential boundary layers, is solved numerically using the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method with tensor-product piecewise polynomials of degree at most

k
>
0

k>0

on three families of layer-adapted meshes: Shishkin-type, Bakhvalov-Shishkin-type and Bakhvalov-type. On Shishkin-type meshes this method is known to be no greater than

O
(

N

−
(
k
+
1

/

2
)

)

O(N^{-(k+1/2)})

accurate in the energy norm induced by the bilinear form of the weak formulation, where

N
N

mesh intervals are used in each coordinate direction. (Note: all bounds in this abstract are uniform in the singular perturbation parameter and neglect logarithmic factors that will appear in our detailed analysis.) A delicate argument is used in this paper to establish

O
(

N

−
(
k
+
1
)

)

O(N^{-(k+1)})

energy-norm superconvergence on all three types of mesh for the difference between the LDG solution and a local Gauss-Radau projection of the true solution into the finite element space. This supercloseness property implies a new

N

−
(
k
+
1
)

N^{-(k+1)}

bound for the

L
2

L^2

error between the LDG solution on each type of mesh and the true solution of the problem; this bound is optimal (up to logarithmic factors). Numerical experiments confirm our theoretical results.
Placing the platform economy: the emerging, developing and upgrading of Taobao villages as a platform-based place making phenomenon in China
Authors: Chu Han , Hassink Robert , Xie Dixiang , Hu Xiaohui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The actions of platforms and their all-inclusive impact on place development is coined platform-based place making in this article. We use the actor-network theory to analyse a typical e-commerce platform-based place making, namely the emergence, development and upgrading of Taobao villages in China, and to explore the mechanisms of platform place making power. Our study shows that platforms ‘make’ places by platform–place interactions of progressively expanding the enrolment of intra-regional and extra-regional actors. In addition, our research advances the actor-network theory and its application and transcends the urban and production-side bias of economic geography.
SlWRKY30 and SlWRKY81 synergistically modulate tomato immunity to Ralstonia solanacearum by directly regulating SlPR-STH2
Authors: Dang Fengfeng , Lin Jinhui , Li Yajing , Jiang Ruoyun , Fang Yudong , Ding Fei , He Shuilin , Wang Yanfeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Bacterial wilt is a devastating disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum that severely threatens tomato production. Group III WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are implicated in the plant response to pathogen infection; however, their roles in the response of tomato to R. solanacearum infection (RSI) remain largely unexplored. Here, we report the crucial role of SlWRKY30, a group III SlWRKY TF, in the regulation of tomato response to RSI. SlWRKY30 was strongly induced by RSI. SlWRKY30 overexpression reduced tomato susceptibility to RSI, and also increased H2O2 accumulation and cell necrosis, suggesting that SlWRKY30 positively regulates tomato resistance to RSI. RNA sequencing and reverse transcription–quantitative PCR revealed that SlWRKY30 overexpression significantly upregulated pathogenesis-related protein (SlPR-STH2) genes SlPR­STH2a, SlPR­STH2b, SlPR­STH2c, and SlPR­STH2d (hereafter SlPR­STH2a/b/c/d) in tomato, and these SlPR-STH2 genes were directly targeted by SlWRKY30. Moreover, four group III WRKY proteins (SlWRKY52, SlWRKY59, SlWRKY80, and SlWRKY81) interacted with SlWRKY30, and SlWRKY81 silencing increased tomato susceptibility to RSI. Both SlWRKY30 and SlWRKY81 activated SlPR­STH2a/b/c/d expression by directly binding to their promoters. Taking these results together, SlWRKY30 and SlWRKY81 synergistically regulate resistance to RSI by activating SlPR-STH2a/b/c/d expression in tomato. Our results also highlight the potential of SlWRKY30 to improve tomato resistance to RSI via genetic manipulations.
The effects of spatial and temporal variations in spawning on offspring survival in Northeast Arctic cod
Authors: Endo C A K , Skogen M D , Stige L C , Hjøllo S S , Vikebø F B 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Climate change and harvesting result in temporal and spatial changes and variability in spawning, and thus in offspring ambient drift conditions. As a result, variable survival of offspring and thereby in recruitment are expected. This is especially true for species with long reproduction migration as is the case for some Atlantic cod stocks. We utilize biophysical model simulations to analyze survival from spawning until age 1 resulting from different scenarios of spatial and temporal changes in spawning. We find that survival is 1.5–2 times higher when spawning is shifted southwards as compared to northerly shifts. In general, survival is more sensitive to shifts in spawning location than in spawning time. Early spawning is only favourable if spawning is concurrently shifted farther north. A future spawning scenario with a northward shift in spawning grounds beyond what has been observed historically suggests reduced offspring survival and increased sensitivity to the timing of spawning.
In vitro activity of cefepime/zidebactam and cefepime/taniborbactam against aztreonam/avibactam-resistant NDM-like-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates
Authors: Le Terrier Christophe , Nordmann Patrice , Sadek Mustafa , Poirel Laurent 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Aztreonam/avibactam is one of the last therapeutic options for treating infections caused by NDM-like-producing Enterobacterales. However, PBP3-modified and NDM-producing Escherichia coli strains that co-produce CMY-42 have been shown to be resistant to this drug combination. The aim of our study was to assess the in vitro activity of cefepime/taniborbactam and cefepime/zidebactam against such aztreonam/avibactam-resistant E. coli strains.

Methods
MIC values of aztreonam, aztreonam/avibactam, cefepime, cefepime/taniborbactam, cefepime/zidebactam and zidebactam alone were determined for 28 clinical aztreonam/avibactam-resistant E. coli isolates. Those isolates produced either NDM-5 (n = 24), NDM-4 (n = 2) or NDM-1 (n = 2), and they all co-produced CMY-42 (n = 28). They all harboured a four amino acid insertion in PBP-3 (Tyr-Arg-Ile-Asn or Tyr-Arg-Ile-Lys).

Results
All strains were resistant to aztreonam/avibactam and cefepime, as expected. The resistance rate to cefepime/taniborbactam was 100%, with MIC50 and MIC90 being at 16 mg/L and 64 mg/L, respectively. Conversely, all strains were susceptible to cefepime/zidebactam, with both MIC50 and MIC90 at 0.25 mg/L. Notably, all strains showed low MICs for zidebactam alone, with MIC50 and MIC90 at 0.5 mg/L and 1 mg/L.

Conclusions
Our data highlighted the excellent in vitro performance of the newly developed β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination cefepime/zidebactam against aztreonam/avibactam-resistant E. coli strains, suggesting that this combination could be considered as an efficient therapeutic option in this context. Our study also highlights the cross-resistance between acquired resistance to aztreonam/avibactam and the cefepime/taniborbactam combination.
Revisiting community and media: an affordance analysis of digital media platforms used by gay communities in China
Authors: Miao Weishan , Chan Lik Sam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
What roles do media play in community building? Based on life story interviews with 72 older gay men living in China, this study traces the rise and fall of four significant digital media platforms used by Chinese gay communities since the late 1990s. We propose the notion of community-based media affordance as an analytical device and show that the four platforms vary in terms of pervasiveness, self-presentation, searchability, visibility, editability, and awareness. This variation in affordances has contributed to “the good, the bad, and the ugly” in Chinese gay communities. Our analysis highlights the specific social, cultural, and political circumstances of the development of these platforms. It also suggests a link between certain community-based media affordances and the platforms’ capacity for queer community building. The framework of community-based media affordance can also be used to compare affordances across different media in future studies.
“I love this photo, I can feel their hearts!” How users across the world evaluate social media portraiture
Authors: Trillò Tommaso , Hallinan Blake , Green Avishai , Kim Bumsoo , Mizoroki Saki , Scharlach Rebecca , Park Pyung Hwa , Frosh Paul , Shifman Limor 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Portraits on social media are value-laden constructs. Whether documenting graduation or flexing in the gym, users express what they care about and present it for others to evaluate. Since “global” portrait genres are produced and consumed in different locales, their interpretation and evaluation may vary. We thus ask: What values do people identify in different types of social media portraits? Which evaluative criteria do they use when judging them? An analysis of 100 interviews with users from Germany, Italy, Japan, South Korea, and the United States reveals that people consistently recognize genre-specific values in portraits and evaluate them through a narrow set of communication-related criteria. Such evaluations vary across cultures in ways that only occasionally match established comparative literature on values. We reflect on the relational character of the criteria adopted for the evaluation of portraits worldwide, highlighting its association with new modes of sociability in digital spheres.