bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arabic-Malayalam Texts at the British Library: Themes, Genres, and Production
Authors: Kooria Mahmood 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
By the late nineteenth century, when printing press was popular across the world. In South Asia, there was increased production and dissemination of Tamil and Malayalam vernacular materials in Arabic script. This intermarriage of local languages with a cosmopolitan script was part of a larger trend of the time, and in South India those were advanced by Arabic-Malayalam and Arabic-Tamil literatures (also referred as Malabari and Arwī respectively). Hundreds of texts printed annually at the prime centres of Islamic printing on both Malabar and Coromandel coasts were circulated among mobile and immobile communities of the region across the Indian Ocean, Pacific and Atlantic littorals. The reach and impact of such vernacular printings are yet to be explored thoroughly, for these materials have been spread across several formal and informal collections and there has not been any systematic attempt to identify or catalogue them. In this article, I focus on uncatalogued Arabic-Malayalam materials at the British Library London on which I have been working on in the last few years. These materials from the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries help us understand the history of the region, religion and printing. After a brief historical overview, I focus on some major features, themes, trends, places, and people in about 150 texts I consulted, and which I discuss in relation to broader histories of Arabic-Malayalam tradition.
Salacious Songs: Khemṭā Dance and Participatory Printed Media in Nineteenth-Century North India
Authors: Williams Richard David 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Songbooks were an especially popular product in the colonial-era book industry of northern India. From cheap chapbooks to multi-volume tomes, collections of lyrics covered a range of tastes and genres, appealing to different social settings and performance practices. This article excavates the worlds of music-making invoked by these books through the case study of khemṭā. The khemṭā dancing girl was a low-status performer, associated with the playboy culture of early-nineteenth century Calcutta. Khemṭā lyrics were considered especially salacious and sensual, and the common view today is that the genre was geared towards titillation rather than artistry. Following the exile of Wajid ʿAli Shah of Awadh (r. 1847–1856) to Calcutta, this genre began to be choreographed and performed in the royal court, and the former king began to collect – and compose his own – khemṭā lyrics. By the late nineteenth century, khemṭā dancers were performing at fairs across northern India, and their verses were being compiled and printed in different scripts and languages.
Khemṭā’s increasing popularity challenges the general impression of the late nineteenth century as a period of rising conservatism posed against “decadent” literary and musical forms. This view of the period presents an obstacle to making sense of the activities of Muslim lyricists, choreographers, dancers, and songbook editors. Countering this narrative, this article considers how khemṭā was printed, read, sung, and danced, and the modes of listening and arousal embedded in the printed song text.
Chāpā-Puthis: Some Print-House Practices in Mid-nineteenth Century Calcutta
Authors: Gupta Abhijit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
From the 1840s, one of the most visible print genres in the popular ‘Battala’ book trade in Calcutta was the so-called chāpā puthis. Such works, though printed, adhered faithfully to the distinctive layout and typography of the Islamic manuscript tradition which had been current for several centuries in Bengal. They were also among the most lucrative of literary properties, and when the passage of Act XX of 1847 gave copyright protection to books printed in British India., the printers who seized upon the act with the greatest alacrity were those of “chāpā puthis.” The printers of such puthis used the title-page to provide copious metadata, in the process laying bare the often invisible ecology of labor of the print-house. This article will provide a preliminary account of the printing and publishing history of the genre, with its focus on print-house practices, and in particular, the figure of the compositor.
Environment-Aware Digital Twins: Incorporating Weather and Climate Information to Support Risk-Based Decision-Making
Authors: Dale Kirstine I. , Pope Edward C. D. , Hopkinson Aaron R. , McCaie Theo , Lowe Jason A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Digital twins are a transformative technology that can significantly strengthen climate adaptation and mitigation decision-making. Through provision of dynamic, virtual representations of physical systems, making intelligent use of multidisciplinary data, and high-fidelity simulations they equip decision-makers with the information they need, when they need it, marking a step change in how we extract value from data and models. While digital twins are commonplace in some industrial sectors, they are an emerging concept in the environmental sciences and practical demonstrations are limited, partly due to the challenges of representing complex environmental systems. Collaboration on challenges of mutual interest will unlock digital twins’ potential. To bridge the current gap between digital twins for industrial sectors and those of the environment, we identify the need for “environment aware” digital twins (EA-DT) that are a federation of digital twins of environmentally sensitive systems with weather, climate, and environmental information systems. As weather extremes become more frequent and severe, the importance of building weather, climate, and environmental information into digital twins of critical systems such as cities, ports, flood barriers, energy grids, and transport networks increases. Delivering societal benefits will also require significant advances in climate-related decision-making, which lags behind other applications. Progress relies on moving beyond heuristics, and driving advances in the decision sciences informed by new theoretical insights, machine learning and artificial intelligence. To support the use of EA-DTs, we propose a new ontology that stimulates thinking about application and best practice for decision-making so that we are resilient to the challenges of today’s weather and tomorrow’s climate.
Investigating the Relationship between Sea Surface Temperature and the Mechanical Efficiency of Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Régibeau-Rockett Laurel , Pauluis Olivier M. , O’Neill Morgan E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have investigated how sea surface temperature (SST) affects the potential intensity of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, this is an upper bound only on the maximum near-surface azimuthal winds and does not fully account for the effects of atmospheric moisture. Potential intensity might not vary in the same way as the total kinetic energy (WKE) of a TC would with changing SST. The term WKE is related, via the conceptualization of the TC as a heat engine, to TC mechanical efficiency. We investigate how TC mechanical efficiency varies with SST in a series of moist, axisymmetric, radiative–convective numerical experiments with constant SSTs ranging from 295 to 307.5 K. We find a −2.1% K−1 decrease in the mechanical efficiency with SST. While the increase in the net heat energy gained by the TC heat engine acts to increase WKE, the mechanical efficiency still decreases with SST due to the effects of moisture on WKE and on the total heat input to the TC. Moist convection in an unsaturated atmosphere is associated with substantial irreversible entropy production, which detracts from the energy that the TC can use to power its winds. The increasing moisture content in a warmer atmosphere predicted by Clausius–Clapeyron scaling leads this irreversibility to increase in an unsaturated atmosphere, presenting a larger penalty on WKE and decreasing the mechanical efficiency. Our results highlight the importance of giving full consideration to the effects of moisture on the TC heat engine in studies of how climate affects TCs.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study is to investigate how the “mechanical efficiency” of tropical cyclones varies with sea surface temperature. This matters because the conceptualization of the tropical cyclone as a heat engine implies that the kinetic energy of its wind field is generated at this efficiency. The mechanical efficiency may be affected by changes in climate. Our results demonstrate that the mechanical efficiency decreases at −2.1% K−1 with sea surface temperature, and in particular highlight the important role of moisture in this result.
Environmental and Storm-Scale Controls on Close Proximity Supercells Observed by TORUS on 8 June 2019
Authors: Wilson Matthew B. , Houston Adam L. , Ziegler Conrad L. , Stechman Daniel M. , Argrow Brian , Frew Eric W. , Swenson Sara , Rasmussen Erik , Coniglio Michael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Targeted Observation by Radars and UAS of Supercells (TORUS) field project observed two supercells on 8 June 2019 in northwestern Kansas and far eastern Colorado. Although these storms occurred in close spatial and temporal proximity, their evolutions were markedly different. The first storm struggled to maintain itself and eventually dissipated. Meanwhile, the second supercell developed just after and slightly to the south of where the first storm dissipated, and then tracked over almost the same location before rapidly intensifying and going on to produce several tornadoes. The objective of this study is to determine why the first storm struggled to survive and failed to produce mesocyclonic tornadoes while the second storm thrived and was cyclically tornadic. Analysis relies on observations collected by the TORUS project—including unoccupied aircraft system (UAS) transects and profiles, mobile soundings, surface mobile mesonet transects, and dual-Doppler wind syntheses from the NOAA P-3 tail Doppler radars. Our results indicate that rapid changes in the low-level wind profile, the second supercell’s interaction with two mesoscale boundaries, an interaction with a rapidly intensifying new updraft just to its west, and the influence of a strong outflow surge likely account for much of the second supercell’s increased strength and tornado production. The rapid evolution of the low-level wind profile may have been most important in raising the probability of the second supercell becoming tornadic, with the new updraft and the outflow surge leading to a favorable storm-scale evolution that increased this probability further.
Investigating the role and impact of N2 as a blowing agent in the fabrication of thermoplastic polyurethane foams
Authors: Rangappa Raghavendrakumar , Yeh Shu-Kai 
Published: September 2023

Fabricating low-density elastomeric foams with a homogenous cell structure has been challenging because of foam shrinkage. The low modulus of the elastomers and the high diffusivity of blowing agents lead to foam shrinkage and poor surface quality. Using N2 as a physical blowing agent (PBA) is an eco-friendly foaming method to overcome foam shrinkage. In this study, PTMEG-MDI/BD-based TPU with a hardness of 85A, 90A, and 95A were foamed using N2. Nitrogen as a blowing agent created a homogeneous cell structure with an expansion ratio of more than five times, an average cell size of less than 25 μm, and a cell density of more than 109 cells/cm3. The shrinkage ratio and cellular morphology of CO2- and N2-blown TPU foam were compared at their maximum expansion ratio. At the maximum expansion ratio, the N2-blown foams exhibited a fine cell structure with a shrinkage ratio of less than 4%. However, the CO2-blown TPU foam showed a shrinkage ratio of 12.7% with significant cracks in the sample. The results demonstrate that using N2 as a blowing agent can achieve an expansion ratio similar to that of CO2-blown foam, and the shrinkage problems of elastomeric foams can be significantly eliminated, which may help to maintain the physical properties of the foam.
Epidemiology, burden and clinical spectrum of cluster headache: a global update
Authors: Kim Seung Ae , Choi So Youn , Youn Michelle Sojung , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Lee Mi Ji 
Published: September 2023

Background This narrative review aims to broaden our understanding of the epidemiology, burden and clinical spectrum of cluster headache based on updated findings with a global perspective. Methods We conducted a literature search on the following topics: (a) epidemiology; (b) burden: quality of life, disability, economic burden, job-related burden and suicidality; and (c) clinical spectrum: male predominance and its changes, age, pre-cluster and pre-attack symptoms, aura, post-drome, attack characteristics (location, severity, duration and associated symptoms), bout characteristics (attack frequency, bout duration and bout frequency), circadian and seasonal rhythmicity and disease course. Results New large-scale population-based reports have suggested a lower prevalence than previous estimations. The impact of cluster headache creates a significant burden in terms of the quality of life, disability, economic and job-related burdens and suicidality. Several studies have reported decreasing male-to-female ratios and a wide age range at disease onset. The non-headache phases of cluster headache, including pre-cluster, pre-attack and postictal symptoms, have recently been revisited. The latest data regarding attack characteristics, bout characteristics, and circadian and seasonal rhythmicity from different countries have shown variability among bouts, attacks, individuals and ethnicities. Studies on the disease course of cluster headache have shown typical characteristics of attacks or bouts that decrease with time. Conclusions Cluster headache may be more than a “trigeminal autonomic headache” because it involves complex central nervous system phenomena. The spectrum of attacks and bouts is wider than previously recognised. Cluster headache is a dynamic disorder that evolves or regresses over time.
Impact of preexisting autoimmune disease on myelodysplastic syndromes outcomes: a population analysis
Authors: Adrianzen-Herrera Diego , Sparks Andrew D. , Singh Rohit , Alejos-Castillo David , Batra Akshee , Glushakow-Smith Shira , Pradhan Kith , Shastri Aditi , Zakai Neil A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Preexisting autoimmune disease affects between 10% and 30% of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Studies comparing outcomes in patients with MDS with and without autoimmune disease show discordant results. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Medicare database, we conducted a population analysis to define the impact of autoimmunity on MDS outcomes. Cases were ascertained between 2007 and 2017 and claim algorithms used to identify autoimmune disease, demographic characteristics, comorbidity scores, MDS histology, transfusion burden, treatment with hypomethylating agents, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cox regression models estimated the impact on survival, and competing-risk regression models defined the effect on leukemic transformation. We analyzed 15 277 patients with MDS, including 2442 (16%) with preexisting autoimmune disease. The epidemiologic profile was distinctive in cases with preexisting autoimmunity, who were younger, were predominantly female, and had higher transfusion burden without difference in MDS histologic distribution. Autoimmune disease was associated with 11% decreased risk of death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-0.94; P &lt; .001). The effect on risk of leukemic transformation differed based on MDS histology. In low-risk MDS histologies, autoimmunity was associated with a 1.9-fold increased risk of leukemia (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.17-2.99; P = .008), whereas no significant effect was seen in other groups. These results suggest that autoimmune disease affects survival in MDS and is associated with decreased mortality. The survival effect was evident in low-risk histologies despite higher risk of progression to leukemia. This could represent inflammation-driven hematopoiesis, simultaneously favoring less aggressive phenotypes and clonal expansion, which warrants further investigation.
COVID-19 in patients with classic and variant hairy cell leukemia
Authors: Kreitman Robert J. , Yu Theresa , James Lacey , Feurtado Julie , Eager Holly , Ortiz Olena Sierra , Gould Mory , Mauter Jack , Zhou Hong , Burbelo Peter D. , Cohen Jeffrey I. , Wang Hao-Wei , Yuan Constance M. , Arons Evgeny 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL), similar to its variant HCLv, is a B-cell malignancy associated with decreased humoral immunity. We prospectively monitored the largest cohort of patients with HCL/HCLv to date (n = 503) for COVID-19 by symptoms, antibody, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or antigen positivity. Fifty percent (253 of 503) of the patients with HCL/HCLv (238 HCL and 15 HCLv) had evidence of COVID-19, with 210 (83%) testing positive by PCR or rapid-antigen test. Of the 43 patients without positive tests, all had nucleocapsid antibodies indicating COVID-19 exposure, 7 recalled no symptoms, and 36 had mild symptoms. Of the 210 who tested positive, 23, 46, 129, and 12 cases occurred in 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. Among them, 175 began treatment for HCL/HCLv 0.4 to 429 (median, 66) months before, and 132 had their last dose of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody 0.2 to 229 (median, 63) months before. Two patients died, including a young woman who began rituximab 2 months after first-line cladribine before vaccine availability. Nearly all patients with HCL/HCLv recovered uneventfully from COVID-19 including those without vaccination or those with significant immunosuppression and recent treatment. However, decreased normal B cells from HCL or treatment was associated with lower spike antibody levels as a response to COVID-19 (P = .0094) and longer recovery time (P = .0036). Thus, in a large cohort of patients with HCL/HCLv and in the first to determine relationships between COVID-19 outcome and immune markers, mortality was relatively low (∼1%), sequelae were uncommon, and recovery from COVID-19 was longer if normal B cells were low after recent treatment. The trials are registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01087333 and #NCT04362865.
Overall survival of patients with cHL who progress after autologous stem cell transplant: results in the novel agent era
Authors: Desai Sanjal H. , Spinner Michael A , Evens Andrew M. , Sykorova Alice , Bachanova Veronika , Goyal Gaurav , Kahl Brad , Dorritie Kathleen , Azzi Jacues , Kenkre Vaishalee P. , Chang Cheryl , Michalka Jozef , Ansell Stephen M. , Fusco Brendon , Sumransub Nuttavut , Hatic Haris , Saba Raya , Ibrahim Uroosa , Harris Elyse I. , Shah Harsh , Wagner-Johnston Nina , Arai Sally , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Mocikova Heidi , Jagadeesh Deepa , Blum Kristie A. , Diefenbach Catherine , Iyengar Siddharth , Rappazzo K. C. , Baidoun Firas , Choi Yun , Prochazka Vit , Advani Ranjana H. , Micallef Ivana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the pre–novel agent era, the median postprogression overall survival (PPS) of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) who progress after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) was 2 to 3 years. Recently, checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) and brentuximab vedotin (BV) have improved the depth and durability of response in this population. Here, we report the estimate of PPS in patients with relapsed cHL after ASCT in the era of CPI and BV. In this multicenter retrospective study of 15 participating institutions, adult patients with relapsed cHL after ASCT were included. Study objective was postprogression overall survival (PPS), defined as the time from posttransplant progression to death or last follow-up. Of 1158 patients who underwent ASCT, 367 had progressive disease. Median age was 34 years (range, 27-46) and 192 were male. Median PPS was 114.57 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 91-not achieved) or 9.5 years. In multivariate analysis, increasing age, progression within 6 months, and pre-ASCT positive positron emission tomography scan were associated with inferior PPS. When adjusted for these features, patients who received CPI, but not BV, as first treatment for post-ASCT progression had significantly higher PPS than the no CPI/no BV group (hazard ratio, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.6-7.8; P = .001). Receipt of allogeneic SCT (Allo-SCT) did not improve PPS. In the era of novel agents, progressive cHL after ASCT had long survival that compares favorably with previous reports. Patients who receive CPI as first treatment for progression had higher PPS. Receipt to Allo-SCT was not associated with PPS in this population.
Menstrual migraine is caused by estrogen withdrawal: revisiting the evidence
Authors: Raffaelli Bianca , Do Thien Phu , Chaudhry Basit Ali , Ashina Messoud , Amin Faisal Mohammad , Ashina Håkan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To explore and critically appraise the evidence supporting the role of estrogen withdrawal in menstrual migraine.

Main body
Menstrual migraine, impacting about 6% of reproductive-age women, manifests as migraine attacks closely related to the menstrual cycle. The estrogen withdrawal hypothesis posits that the premenstrual drop in estrogen levels serves as a trigger of migraine attacks. Despite its wide acceptance, the current body of evidence supporting this hypothesis remains limited, warranting further validation. Estrogen is believed to exert a modulatory effect on pain, particularly within the trigeminovascular system – the anatomic and physiologic substrate of migraine pathogenesis. Nevertheless, existing studies are limited by methodologic inconsistencies, small sample sizes, and variable case definitions, precluding definitive conclusions. To improve our understanding of menstrual migraine, future research should concentrate on untangling the intricate interplay between estrogen, the trigeminovascular system, and migraine itself. This necessitates the use of robust methods, larger sample sizes, and standardized case definitions to surmount the limitations encountered in previous investigations.

Conclusion
Further research is thus needed to ascertain the involvement of estrogen withdrawal in menstrual migraine and advance the development of effective management strategies to address unmet treatment needs.