bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the LED filament lamp for luminous intensity calibration
Authors: Zhao Weiqiang , Yan Jinyun , Liu Hui , Su Ying , Lin Yandong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Light-emitting diode (LED) is now the main type of light source in global lighting marketing. However, traditional photometry with the incandescent standard lamp is not sufficient to implement high-level LED photometric measurement, since a considerable spectral mismatch error may exist if the photometer has a large general V(λ) mismatch index

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. The LED standard lamp is proposed to be the complementary transfer standard for photometry to reduce this measurement uncertainty. National Institute of Metrology, China (NIM) has previously reported a type of LED filament lamp for total luminous flux. In this article, NIM demonstrates another type of LED filament lamp for luminous intensity calibration. The LED filaments are sealed in a T90 cylinder glass bulb as emitters, and have a spectrum similar to the reference white LED spectrum considered in Commission on Illumination technical committee 2–90. The LED lamp uses the E27 screw base as the connector, and is compatible with the traditional alignment approaches. The warm-up time is less than 12 min. The output change of a group of 12 lamps, over nearly two years of storage and 1 h operation every day during the whole long-term test, is found to be ±0.2% or less for most of the lamps. The ageing effect of one lamp over a continuous 6500 h of burning is estimated to be −0.014% per 100 h, and it is significantly lower than 1% per 100 h, the typical drift rate of the traditional incandescent luminous intensity lamp. In the aspect of the coincidence with inverse square law, the LED lamp has a similar performance to the WI41/G lamp, the traditional luminous intensity lamp.
EEG changes during passive movements improve the motor imagery feature extraction in BCIs-based sensory feedback calibration
Authors: Delisle-Rodriguez Denis , Silva Leticia , Bastos-Filho Teodiano 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. This work proposes a method for two calibration schemes based on sensory feedback to extract reliable motor imagery (MI) features, and provide classification outputs more correlated to the user’s intention. Method. After filtering the raw electroencephalogram (EEG), a two-step method for spatial feature extraction by using the Riemannian covariance matrices (RCM) method and common spatial patterns is proposed here. It uses EEG data from trials providing feedback, in an intermediate step composed of both kth nearest neighbors and probability analyses, to find periods of time in which the user probably performed well the MI task without feedback. These periods are then used to extract features with better separability, and train a classifier for MI recognition. For evaluation, an in-house dataset with eight healthy volunteers and two post-stroke patients that performed lower-limb MI, and consequently received passive movements as feedback was used. Other popular public EEG datasets (such as BCI Competition IV dataset IIb, among others) from healthy subjects that executed upper-and lower-limbs MI tasks under continuous visual sensory feedback were further used. Results. The proposed system based on the Riemannian geometry method in two-steps (RCM–RCM) outperformed significantly baseline methods, reaching average accuracy up to 82.29%. These findings show that EEG data on periods providing passive movement can be used to contribute greatly during MI feature extraction. Significance. Unconscious brain responses elicited over the sensorimotor areas may be avoided or greatly reduced by applying our approach in MI-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). Therefore, BCI’s outputs more correlated to the user’s intention can be obtained.
Research on Online Monitoring Method of Arrester Deterioration Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Ma Hui , Sun Fengwei , Fan Bo , Liu Guobin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Zinc oxide lightning arrester is an important overvoltage protection equipment widely used in 3~500kV power grids. It gradually ages under operating voltage and external environmental factors. Once the failure occurs, the lightning arrester itself will cause damage or even explosion, affecting the safe operation of the power system. The online monitoring problem of zinc oxide arrester (MOA) is proposed. Using the excellent computing power of improved genetic algorithm, the equivalent model of MOA based on operating voltage and measured leakage current values are avoided. The detonator state parameters are solved to realize the monitoring of the arrester deterioration state. The experiments show that the proposed monitoring technique based on the improved genetic algorithm can calculate the leakage current values well and approximate the actual measured leakage current, improving the accuracy of online monitoring.
Characterisation of the MUSIC ASIC for large-area silicon photomultipliers for gamma-ray astronomy
Authors: De Angelis Nicolas , Gascón David , Gómez Sergio , Heller Matthieu , Montaruli Teresa , Nagai Andrii 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Large-area silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are desired in many applications where large surfaces have to be covered. For instance, a large area SiPM has been developed by Hamamatsu Photonics in collaboration with the University of Geneva, to equip gamma-ray cameras employed in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.
The sensor being about 1 cm2, a suitable preamplification electronics has been investigated in this work, which can deal with long pulses induced by the large capacitance of the sensor. The so-called Multiple Use SiPM Integrated Circuit (MUSIC), developed by the ICCUB (University of Barcelona), is investigated as a potential front-end ASIC, suitable to cover large area photodetection planes of gamma-ray telescopes.
The ASIC offers an interesting pole-zero cancellation (PZC) that allows dealing with long SiPM signals, the feature of active summation of up to 8 input channels into a single differential output and it can offer a solution for reducing power consumption compared to discrete solutions. Measurements and simulations of MUSIC coupled to two SiPMs developed by Hamamatsu are considered and the ASIC response is characterized.
Livestock removal increases plant cover across a heterogeneous dryland landscape on the Colorado Plateau
Authors: McNellis B E , Knight A C , Nauman T W , Chambers S , Brungard C W , Fick S E , Livensperger C G , Borthwick S , Duniway M C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Livestock removal is increasingly used as a management option to mitigate the negative impacts of grazing-related disturbances on rangelands. Removal generally increases plant cover, but it is unclear when, where, and by how much plant and soil cover changes can be expected. On the Colorado Plateau, complex geology, topography, soils, and climate all interact to mediate the relationship between land cover, climate, and disturbance. In this study we used new developments in land cover mapping and analysis to assess landscape plant and bare soil cover up to 30 years after livestock removal from two grazing allotments in Capitol Reef National Park, Utah, USA. Results indicate that livestock removal increases plant cover 0.17-0.32% per year and reduces bare soil cover 0.34-0.41% per year, although these rates may be suppressed by warming temperatures. Soils, assessed through Soil Geomorphic Units, played a strong but complex role in mediating land cover changes through time. These results suggest that livestock removal is an effective strategy for increasing plant cover and reducing bare soil on the Colorado Plateau, but including soil information in decision making will enhance efficiency by improving manager’s ability to prioritize management actions effectively across space and through time.
Mechanical and tribological properties of 5A06 aluminum alloy at low temperature
Authors: Ye Tao , Jia Zhen-yuan , Ma Jian-wei , Yu Wu-jiang , Wang Jia-sen , Zhang Lian-wan , Tian Xue-bao , Wang Shuang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There are significant differences in the mechanical and tribological properties of 5A06 aluminum alloys subjected to a wide temperature range, and the related research has received very limited attention so far. In this paper, the mechanical properties of 5A06 aluminum alloy were obtained by tensile test at temperature as low as 77K, which laid a foundation for analyzing its tribological properties. Then, dry linear reciprocating sliding wear tests were performed on a ball-on-disc tribometer to explore the friction behavior and wear mechanism of 5A06 aluminum alloy at different temperatures from low temperature (173K) to room temperature (293K). Finally, the wear morphology and chemical composition of the worn surface were characterized by an optical 3D measurement system and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicate that the ambient temperature affects the tribological properties of 5A06 aluminum alloy by changing its mechanical properties and the dissipation of friction heat. Compared with 293K, the coefficient of friction decreases by 14.66% and the wear rate decreases by 70.79% at 173K. The main wear mechanisms of 5A06 aluminum alloy are delamination wear and oxidation wear at 293K and 273K, and a combination of abrasive wear, adhesive wear and oxidation wear at 223K and 173K.
The effect of process temperature and powder composition on microstructure and mechanical characteristics of low-pressure cold spraying aluminum-based coatings
Authors: Shorinov Oleksandr , Dolmatov Anatolii , Polyviany Sergii 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The effect of operating gas temperature and powder type on microstructure and mechanical characteristics of cold spraying coatings deposited on EZ33A-T5 magnesium alloy was studied. Three aluminum-based cold spraying powder mixtures Al + Zn, Al + Al2O3 and Al + Zn + Al2O3 were used for the investigation. Deposition was performed using D423 low-pressure cold spray system at operating gas pressure of 1.0 MPa and different temperatures –300 °C, 450 °C, and 600 °C. The coatings microstructure was investigated with optical and scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical properties of the coatings were characterized through standard test methods for adhesion and cohesion strength, and standard test methods for Vickers hardness of thermal spray coatings. The results demonstrate that with increasing initial gas temperature at spraying nozzle inlet from 300 °C to 600 °C, an increase in the porosity of the coatings of all investigated powder mixtures can be observed. Microstructure characterization showed an increase in porosity from 2.3% to 4.1% for Al + Zn powder mixture, from 2.1% to 3.5% for Al + Al2O3 powder mixture, and from 2.5% to 5.6% for Al + Zn + Al2O3 powder mixture. The minimum porosity was obtained at 450 °C for all investigated powder mixtures. Adhesion and cohesion strength and microhardness of coatings were reach their maximum value at 450 °C. The best performance was obtained for Al + Al2O3 powder mixture: coating adhesion—31.9 MPa (was limited by the bonding strength of the glue), cohesion—93.5 MPa, microhardness—81 HV0.15. The influence of Al2O3 particles in the powder mixture on the above-mentioned parameters was also established. The results show that the presence of ceramic particles in powder mixtures can positively effect porosity level and mechanical characteristics.
Study on optimization of surface processing technology of silicon nitride bearing ring
Authors: Songhua Li , Chao Wei , Xiangyu Li , Yonghua Wang , Zinan Wang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Based on the difficult machining characteristics of silicon nitride materials, this manuscript focuses on optimizing the precision machining process of silicon nitride bearing components and improving the machining efficiency and quality of silicon nitride bearing components. Firstly, the mechanism of crack formation and propagation in hard and brittle materials under the action of abrasive particles is discussed in this paper, and based on this, a kinematic model of single abrasive grain cutting on hard and brittle materials is established. The effect of workpiece linear velocity, grinding wheel linear velocity, grinding wheel oscillation velocity and feed velocity on inner surface roughness of Si3N4 ring was discussed through grinding test. The experimental results show that the surface roughness can reach about Ra0.20 ∼Ra0.33 μm through a large number of grinding experiments by adjusting the combination of process parameters μm. On this basis, use the optimized process parameters calculated by the surface quality prediction model constructed in this manuscript to conduct grinding test again, and the surface roughness value reaches about Ra0.19 ∼Ra0.23 μm. The purpose of optimizing the process parameters is realized. Finally, the surface roughness can be further reduced and maintained at Ra0.05 ∼Ra0.06 μm by further superfinishing the surface after the process optimization with an oilstone. The research work of this manuscript realized the optimization of precision machining process of silicon nitride bearing ring and the rapid optimization of machining process through the established prediction model, which improved the precision machining efficiency of ceramic bearing components. Through the study of this manuscript, a process route of controllable processing of inner surface quality of Si3N4 ring is formed, from preliminary selection of process parameters by optimization model to precision grinding and then to ultra-finishing of whetstone, which provides theoretical reference for efficient and precise manufacturing of practical bearing components.
Wear estimation of hip implants with varying chamfer geometry at the trunnion junction: a finite element analysis
Authors: Gutmann Celine , Shaikh Numa , Shenoy B Satish , Shaymasunder Bhat N , Keni Laxmikant G , K N Chethan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The hip joint helps the upper body to transfer its weight to lower body. Along with age, there are various reasons for the degeneration of the hip joint. The artificial hip implant replaces the degenerated hip. Wear between the joints is the primary cause of the hip implant becoming loose. The wear can occur due to various reasons. Due to this revision surgery are most common in young and active patients. In the design phase of the implant if this is taken care then life expectancy of the implant can be improved. Small design changes can significantly enhance the implant’s life. In this work, elliptical-shaped hip implant stem is designed, and linear wear is estimated at trunnion junction. In this work, a 28 mm diameter femoral head with a 4 mm thick acetabular cup and a 2 mm thick backing cup is used. The top surface taper radiuses are changed. Solid works was used to create the models. Ansys was used to perform the analysis. It was found that as the radius of the TTR decreased, the wear rate decreased. The least wear rate was found in 12/14 mm taper with a value of 1.15E−02 mm year−1 for the first material combination and with a value of 1.23E −02 mm year−1 for the second material combination. In the comparison between the models with 1 mm chamfer and no chamfer, it was found that the wear rate was lower for the models with 1 mm chamfer. When the chamfer was increased (more than 1 mm), the linear wear increased. Wear is the main reason for the loosening of hip implants, which leads to a revision of an implant. It was found that with a decrease in TTR, there was a small increase in the linear wear rate. Overall, the implant with TTR 6 mm and a chamfer of 1 mm was found to have the least wear rate. To validate these results, the implant can be 3D printed and tested on a hip simulator.
In vitro magnetohydrodynamics system for modulating cell migration
Authors: Gebreyesus Eyerusalem A , Park Alice , Guldberg Robert E , Ong Keat Ghee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Fluid shear stress (FSS) is an important parameter that regulates various cell functions such as proliferation and migration. While there are a number of techniques to generate FSS in vitro, many of them require physical deformation or movement of solid objects to generate the fluid shear, making it difficult to decouple the effects of FSS and mechanical strains. This work describes the development of a non-mechanical means to generate fluid flow and FSS in a 2D in vitro setting. This was accomplished with a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pump, which creates liquid flow by generating a Lorentz force through the interaction between an electric field and an orthogonal magnetic field. The MHD pump system presented here consisted of trapezoidal prism-shaped magnets, a pair of platinum electrodes, and a modified petri dish. The system was validated and tested on an in vitro wound model, which is based on analyzing the migration of fibroblast cells through an artificially created scratch on a confluent cell culture surface. Experiments were performed to a control group, an electric field only group, and a group that was subject to fluid flow with the application of both electric field and magnetic field. Results show that fibroblast cells that experienced fluid shear have higher wound closure rate compared to the control group and the electric field only group. The data shows that the MHD pump can be a great tool to study FSS in vitro. Furthermore, due to its fluid flow generation without mechanical force, this system can be adapted and implemented to study the role of FSS and electric field on wound healing in vivo.
Enhanced RF response of 3D-printed wireless LC sensors using dielectrics with high permittivity
Authors: Kalhori Amirhossein Hassanpoor , Kim Taeil , Kim Woo Soo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The development of wireless sensing technologies paves the way for advances in the fields of wearable devices, prosthetics and robotics. Wireless communication between sensors and readers plays an important role in recent Internet of Things technologies. Among many types of wireless sensing devices, wireless passive radio frequency devices including inductor-capacitor (LC) resonators have been spotlighted. However, passive LC sensors suffer from short-range wireless detection, and their fabrication requires several processes. Here, we design a 3D integrated wireless compact LC location sensor fabricated using the 3D printing method for multi-layered devices. The fabricated wireless sensing system shows an increased wireless readout distance of up to 10 cm. In addition, a dielectric material with high dielectric permittivity has been applied to enhance the quality factor of the sensors by 2.5 times with improved wireless detection.
Parameters optimization of tungsten inert gas welding process on 304L stainless steel using grey based Taguchi method
Authors: Linger Muluken Alemu , Bogale Teshome Mulatie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Tungsten inert gas can be used to weld stainless steel due to its offering sound weld, narrow fusion zone, precise control weld’s shape and over penetration, spatter free, slagless, stable arc and low electrode wear. The goal of this study was to offer the best process parameters for improving the mechanical characteristics of the weld joint. The experimental analysis approach was applied in this work, and the experiment was carried out on 304L stainless steel using L16. The selected welding parameters were welding travel speed, current of welding, gas flow rate, arc length, and root gap. Rockwell hardness, tensile strength, and bending strength tests were the examined mechanical properties on the weld joint. Based on the grey based Taguchi method, the optimal level-settings of welding travel speed, current of welding, flow rate of gas, arc length, and root gap were obtained 2.7 mm s−1, 160 A, 14 l min−1, 3 mm, and 1 mm, respectively. The analysis result of ANOVA showed that the current has the greatest impact and it was followed by travel speed and root gap on weld joint quality with percentage contribution of 80.77%, 10.86%, and 5.98%, respectively. According to confirmation results, the average grey relational grade of 0.863 which was found between the confidence interval of 0.800 to 1.082 for the 95% confidence level, and the maximum Rockwell hardness, tensile strength and bending strength were obtained 101.38 HRB, 1425.8 MPa and 1648.6 MPa, respectively.
Independent Associations Between Trait-Anger, Depressive Symptoms and Preclinical Atherosclerotic Progression
Authors: Eckerle William , Koldhekar Amol , Muldoon Matthew , Stewart Jesse , Kamarck Tom 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Previous research from our group found that recent depressive symptoms were associated with 3-year change in carotid intima-media thickness (CA-IMT), a biomarker of cardiovascular disease risk, in an initially healthy sample of older adults. Trait measures of anxiety, anger, and hostility did not predict 3-year CA-IMT progression in that report.

Purpose
The current study sought to reexamine these associations at a 6-year follow-up point.

Methods
Two-hundred seventy-eight participants (151 males, mean age = 60.68 years) from the original sample completed an additional IMT reading 6 years following the initial baseline assessment.

Results
Though not significant at 3-years, trait-anger emerged as a predictor of IMT progression at the 6-year point. When examined in separate regression models, both depression and trait-anger (but not anxiety or hostility) predicted 6-year IMT change (b = .017, p = .002; b = .029, p = .01, respectively). When examined concurrently, both depression and anger were independently associated with 6-year IMT progression (b = .016, p = .010, b = .028, p = .022, respectively). Exploratory analyses suggest that the relative contributions of anger and depression may differ for males and females.

Conclusions
The use of sequential follow-ups is relatively unique in this literature, and our results suggest a need for further research on the timing and duration of psychosocial risk exposures in early stages of cardiovascular disease.
Time-Varying Exposures and Miscarriage: A Comparison of Statistical Models Through Simulation
Authors: Sundermann Alexandra C , Slaughter James C , Velez Edwards Digna R , Hartmann Katherine E 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Epidemiologists face a unique challenge in measuring risk relationships involving time-varying exposures in early pregnancy. Each week in early pregnancy is distinct in its contribution to fetal development, and this period is commonly characterized by shifts in maternal behavior and, consequently, exposures. In this simulation study, we used alcohol as an example of an exposure that often changes during early pregnancy and miscarriage as an outcome affected by early exposures. Data on alcohol consumption patterns from more than 5,000 women in the Right From the Start cohort study (United States, 2000–2012) informed measures of the prevalence of alcohol exposure, the distribution of gestational age at cessation of alcohol use, and the likelihood of miscarriage by week of gestation. We then compared the bias and precision of effect estimates and statistical power from 5 different modeling approaches in distinct simulated relationships. We demonstrate how the accuracy and precision of effect estimates depended on alignment between model assumptions and the underlying simulated relationship. Approaches that incorporated data about patterns of exposure were more powerful and less biased than simpler models when risk depended on timing or duration of exposure. To uncover risk relationships in early pregnancy, it is critical to carefully define the role of exposure timing in the underlying causal hypothesis.