bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the LeiCNS-PK3.0 Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Predict Brain Extracellular Fluid Pharmacokinetics in Mice
Authors: Saleh Mohammed A. A. , Gülave Berfin , Campagne Olivia , Stewart Clinton F. , Elassaiss-Schaap Jeroen , de Lange Elizabeth C. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The unbound brain extracelullar fluid (brainECF) to plasma steady state partition coefficient, Kp,uu,BBB, values provide steady-state information on the extent of blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport equilibration, but not on pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles seen by the brain targets. Mouse models are frequently used to study brain PK, but this information cannot directly be used to inform on human brain PK, given the different CNS physiology of mouse and human. Physiologically based PK (PBPK) models are useful to translate PK information across species.

Aim
Use the LeiCNS-PK3.0 PBPK model, to predict brain extracellular fluid PK in mice.

Methods
Information on mouse brain physiology was collected from literature. All available connected data on unbound plasma, brainECF PK of 10 drugs (cyclophosphamide, quinidine, erlotonib, phenobarbital, colchicine, ribociclib, topotecan, cefradroxil, prexasertib, and methotrexate) from different mouse strains were used. Dosing regimen dependent plasma PK was modelled, and Kpuu,BBB values were estimated, and provided as input into the LeiCNS-PK3.0 model to result in prediction of PK profiles in brainECF.

Results
Overall, the model gave an adequate prediction of the brainECF PK profile for 7 out of the 10 drugs. For 7 drugs, the predicted versus observed brainECF data was within two-fold error limit and the other 2 drugs were within five-fold error limit.

Conclusion
The current version of the mouse LeiCNS-PK3.0 model seems to reasonably predict available information on brainECF from healthy mice for most drugs. This brings the translation between mouse and human brain PK one step further.
What conditions favor high-potential entrepreneurship? Unpacking the nexus between the industrial structure and startup typologies
Authors: Mazzoni Leonardo , Innocenti Niccolò 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we question the implicit assumption that more entrepreneurship drives more innovation and growth, asserting that specific typologies of entrepreneurship are responsible for these phenomena. A growing number of studies has analyzed this relationship while focusing on the overall level of entrepreneurship. This paper exploits recent advancements in measuring the sophistication and connectedness of economic systems, brought by the notions of economic complexity and relatedness, to study the nexus of industrial structure and high-potential forms of entrepreneurship. The present study uses a panel dataset for Italy for the period 2015–2019. The results show a differentiated pattern among the high-potential startups considered, with relatedness and complexity having a positive effect for innovative startups, a negative one for high-growth startups, and no effect for pioneers. These results inform potential entrepreneurs of the importance of analyzing how external conditions can have distinctive effects on the process of opportunity identification among different typologies of high-potential startups.
How Magnetic Erosion Affects the Drag-Based Kinematics of Fast Coronal Mass Ejections
Authors: Stamkos Sotiris , Patsourakos Spiros , Vourlidas Angelos , Daglis Ioannis A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn order to advance our understanding of the dynamic interactions between coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and the magnetized solar wind, we investigate the impact of magnetic erosion on the well-known aerodynamic drag force acting on CMEs traveling faster than the ambient solar wind. In particular, we start by generating empirical relationships for the basic physical parameters of CMEs that conserve their mass and magnetic flux. Furthermore, we examine the impact of the virtual mass on the equation of motion by studying a variable-mass system. We next implement magnetic reconnection into CME propagation, which erodes part of the CME magnetic flux and outer-shell mass, on the drag acting on CMEs, and we determine its impact on their time and speed of arrival at 1 AU. Depending on the strength of the magnetic erosion, the leading edge of the magnetic structure can reach near-Earth space up to ≈ three hours later, compared to the non-eroded case. Therefore, magnetic erosion may have a significant impact on the propagation of fast CMEs and on predictions of their arrivals at 1 AU. Finally, the modeling indicates that eroded CMEs may experience a significant mass decrease. Since such a decrease is not observed in the corona, the initiation distance of erosion may lie beyond the field-of-view of coronagraphs (i.e. $30~\mathrm{R}_{\odot }$
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Mitigation of endogenous oxidative stress and improving growth, hemato-biochemical parameters, and reproductive performance of Zaraibi goat bucks by dietary supplementation with Chlorella vulgaris or/and vitamin C
Authors: Abdel-Khalek A. E. , El-Maghraby M. M. , Elbialy Zizy I. , Al wakeel Rasha A. , Almadaly E. A. , Shukry M. , El-Badawy A. A. , Zaghloul H. K. , Assar Doaa H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to explore the effects of dietary inclusion ofChlorella vulgaris(CV) or/and vitamin C (VC) on growth, hemato-biochemical parameters, oxidative and antioxidant status, reproductive hormones, and semen quality variables, and scrotal-testicular dimensions of Zaraibi goat bucks. Twenty sexually mature bucks (41.49 ± 0.91 kg BW) were randomly divided into 4 groups (5 bucks/group). The control group was fed the control diet, while the other three groups received a diet supplemented with VC (2 g/animal /day), CV (5 g/animal/day), and CV plus VC (the same levels), respectively, for 8 weeks (treatment period), and then semen was collected for 8 weeks. Results showed that dietary supplementation with CV-VC combination significantly increased the final body weight, weight gain, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, and lymphocytes; elevated serum total protein, globulin, testosterone, estradiol, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase with a significant reduction in Malondialdehyde in serum and seminal plasma. Also, the CV-VC combination significantly improved the ejaculate volume, total sperm output, sperm concentration, and live sperm, and reduced reaction time and sperm abnormality of bucks. Either CV or VC given separately or in combination, at the chosen levels, had no detrimental effects on animal physiological responses with normal hepatic and renal functions. Therefore, the CV-VC combination could be safely utilized as a dietary supplement in buck’s diets to improve antioxidant defenses, scavenge free radicals, and potentiate buck’s reproductive activities under normal conditions.
Interactive simulation of quantum key distribution protocols and application in Wi-Fi networks
Authors: Escanez-Exposito Daniel , Caballero-Gil Pino , Martín-Fernández Francisco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKey distribution allows two parties to produce and share a random secret key, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages with symmetric cryptosystems. Thus, this is often considered the most fundamental cryptographic primitive of secret communications, especially in wireless networks. While the traditional method is based on the assumption about the hardness of some mathematical problem, the quantum key distribution (QKD) involves quantum mechanical components and can be considered unconditionally secure. This paper presents an implementation of the two QKD protocols known as E91 and B92, which includes an intuitive class structure representing the different relationships between the two collaborating entities in the simulated communication. In addition, this implementation made it possible to deepen the study and comparison of both algorithms. The main details of the implementation are described here, together with some conclusions obtained from the research carried out on its functionalities, illustrated in colorful heat maps. This work also includes a preliminary analysis of the potential of the application of these QKD protocols for their hybrid application in Wi-Fi networks based on the IEEE 802.11 standard.
Valorization of purple non-sulfur bacteria biomass from anaerobic treatment of fuel synthesis process wastewater to microbial protein: a means of enhancing food security in arid climates
Authors: Wada O.Z. , Onwusogh U. , Vincent A.S. , Mckay G , Mackey H.R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe global shift from traditional fish farming to aquaculture has created an aquafeed production gap. Hence, the recovery of microbial protein from organic and nutrient-rich agro-industrial wastewaters has been identified as a suitable substitute. However, such waste streams are sparse in arid climes like the Middle East. Thus, this study explores the potential of single-cell protein recovery from a novel waste stream abundant in the region–fuel synthesis process water (FSPW), via anaerobic treatment with purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB). The feedstock (COD = 10.3 g/L) amended with essential nutrients was inoculated with a PNSB-dominated mixed culture in replicate 1-L batch fermenters. The wastewater characteristics and microbial biomass assays were performed using standard methods. Around two-thirds of the COD was degraded within 72 h at a rate of 2100 mg L−1d−1, which reduced to about 710 mg L−1d−1 by trial end. Also, total nitrogen levels (90 mg/L) were depleted within 72 h, indicating that nitrogen was a limiting nutrient. In addition, a peak biomass concentration of 1.11±0.037 gvss/L was obtained. Proximate analysis revealed that the biomass consisted of 35% protein, 32% lipid, 16% carbohydrate, 7% ash, 0.5% carotenoids, 0.6% bacteriochlorophylls, and 0.004% coenzyme Q10. Biomass protein’s amino acid profile was comparable to soybean grain and meets dietary requirements for several aquatic livestock. Metal analysis of the biomass and wastewater indicated that nutritionally undesirable metals were undetected. Results show that PNSB not only efficiently degrade FSPW’s organic load but also upcycles the waste to valuable feed constituents, potentially creating a regional circular economy.
Extracorporeal blood purification therapies for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: expert opinion from the SIAARTI-SIN joint commission
Authors: De Rosa Silvia , Marengo Marita , Fiorentino Marco , Fanelli Vito , Brienza Nicola , Fiaccadori Enrico , Grasselli Giacomo , Morabito Santo , Pota Vincenzo , Romagnoli Stefano , Valente Fabrizio , Cantaluppi Vincenzo ,   The SIAARTI-SIN joint commission
Published: July 2023

AbstractSepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury is a life-threatening condition leading to high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Over the past decades, several extracorporeal blood purification therapies have been developed for both sepsis and sepsis-associated acute kidney injury management. Despite the widespread use of extracorporeal blood purification therapies in clinical practice, it is still unclear when to start this kind of treatment and how to define its efficacy. Indeed, several questions on sepsis-associated acute kidney injury and extracorporeal blood purification therapy still remain unresolved, including the indications and timing of renal replacement therapy in patients with septic vs. non-septic acute kidney injury, the optimal dialysis dose for renal replacement therapy modalities in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury patients, and the rationale for using extracorporeal blood purification therapies in septic patients without acute kidney injury. Moreover, the development of novel extracorporeal blood purification therapies, including those based on the use of adsorption devices, raised the attention of the scientific community both on the clearance of specific mediators released by microorganisms and by injured cells and potentially involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of organ dysfunction including sepsis-associated acute kidney injury, and on antibiotic removal. Based on these considerations, the joint commission of the Italian Society of Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SIAARTI) and the Italian Society of Nephrology (SIN) herein addressed some of these issues, proposed some recommendations for clinical practice and developed a common framework for future clinical research in this field.
Graphical abstract
A Cleaner Milling Process Replacing Emulsion Coolant by Cryogenics CO2
Authors: Neto Octavio M. Pereira , Calleja-Ochoa A. , Ayesta I. , Rodríguez A. , González-Barrio H. , de Lacalle L. N. López 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn manufacturing sector, looking for a balance between environmental and technical efficiency taking into account productivity is mandatory. Some sectors, such as the biomedical manufacturing sector, also needs to consider the cleanness inherent to prosthesis manufacturing processes for avoiding pathogens transfer to the human body, that is, neither chemicals, bacteria, nor uncontrolled metals can be introduced during the surgical intervention. This work here presented stems from the idea of analyzing the cleanness of cryogenic cooling to be applied to medical pieces. For this, several samples were machined using CO2 cryogenic technology and oil emulsions, respectively. In particular, a modified milling tool was used to apply not only efficiently as cutting fluid but also as cleaner fluid. Afterwards, they were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with the aim of looking for biological remains. Finally, with the aim of validating the modified tool in which CO2 is introduced axially as internal coolant, its tool life was tested in comparison with a conventional one. The results shown that the use of CO2 as internal coolant significantly improves the cleanness of current machining processes in comparison with the use of oil emulsions and the way in which is injected does not affect to machining performance.
Elucidating Ion Transport Phenomena in Sulfide/Polymer Composite Electrolytes for Practical Solid-State Batteries
Authors: Oh Kyeong-Seok , Lee Ji Eun , Lee Yong-Hyeok , Jeong Yi-Su , Kristanto Imanuel , Min Hong-Seok , Kim Sang-Mo , Hong Young Jun , Kwak Sang Kyu , Lee Sang-Young 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite the enormous interest in inorganic/polymer composite solid-state electrolytes (CSEs) for solid-state batteries (SSBs), the underlying ion transport phenomena in CSEs have not yet been elucidated. Here, we address this issue by formulating a mechanistic understanding of bi-percolating ion channels formation and ion conduction across inorganic-polymer electrolyte interfaces in CSEs. A model CSE is composed of argyrodite-type Li6PS5Cl (LPSCl) and gel polymer electrolyte (GPE, including Li+-glyme complex as an ion-conducting medium). The percolation threshold of the LPSCl phase in the CSE strongly depends on the elasticity of the GPE phase. Additionally, manipulating the solvation/desolvation behavior of the Li+-glyme complex in the GPE facilitates ion conduction across the LPSCl-GPE interface. The resulting scalable CSE (area = 8 × 6 (cm × cm), thickness ~ 40 μm) can be assembled with a high-mass-loading LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2 cathode (areal-mass-loading = 39 mg cm–2) and a graphite anode (negative (N)/positive (P) capacity ratio = 1.1) in order to fabricate an SSB full cell with bi-cell configuration. Under this constrained cell condition, the SSB full cell exhibits high volumetric energy density (480 Wh Lcell−1) and stable cyclability at 25 °C, far exceeding the values reported by previous CSE-based SSBs.
A Generalized Polymer Precursor Ink Design for 3D Printing of Functional Metal Oxides
Authors: Chen Hehao , Wang Jizhe , Peng Siying , Liu Dongna , Yan Wei , Shang Xinggang , Zhang Boyu , Yao Yuan , Hui Yue , Zhou Nanjia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThree-dimensional-structured metal oxides have myriad applications for optoelectronic devices. Comparing to conventional lithography-based manufacturing methods which face significant challenges for 3D device architectures, additive manufacturing approaches such as direct ink writing offer convenient, on-demand manufacturing of 3D oxides with high resolutions down to sub-micrometer scales. However, the lack of a universal ink design strategy greatly limits the choices of printable oxides. Here, a universal, facile synthetic strategy is developed for direct ink writable polymer precursor inks based on metal-polymer coordination effect. Specifically, polyethyleneimine functionalized by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is employed as the polymer matrix for adsorbing targeted metal ions. Next, glucose is introduced as a crosslinker for endowing the polymer precursor inks with a thermosetting property required for 3D printing via the Maillard reaction. For demonstrations, binary (i.e., ZnO, CuO, In2O3, Ga2O3, TiO2, and Y2O3) and ternary metal oxides (i.e., BaTiO3 and SrTiO3) are printed into 3D architectures with sub-micrometer resolution by extruding the inks through ultrafine nozzles. Upon thermal crosslinking and pyrolysis, the 3D microarchitectures with woodpile geometries exhibit strong light-matter coupling in the mid-infrared region. The design strategy for printable inks opens a new pathway toward 3D-printed optoelectronic devices based on functional oxides.
The Wellbeing in Place Perceptions Scale: Structure, Validity, Reliability and Correlates During COVID Times
Authors: Corcoran Rhiannon , Ujhelyi Gomez Katalin , Simpson Grace , Goodall Mark , Bennett Kate , Gabbay Mark , Wilson Tim , Obe Dorcas Akeju , Pennington Andy , Bagnall Anne-Marie , South Jane 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe influence of place-based factors on the physical and mental health of residents is well established and acknowledged within the population health approach to addressing health and wellbeing inequalities. The COVID-19 pandemic brought to the fore the issues that global communities face. The current UK policy context of ‘levelling up’ represents these concerns and the need to address them. This research examines perceptions of community wellbeing and its determinants as collected within a city region of the North West Coast of England during COVID restrictions between June and August 2020. The paper aims to establish the structure, construct validity and reliability of a new measure of community wellbeing - the Wellbeing in Place Perceptions Scale. Further, it aims to examine how this measure of community wellbeing correlated with symptoms of common mental health as reported by residents of this relatively disadvantaged city region during this unprecedented time. Results indicate that the WIPPS has a reliable and valid structure, correlating significantly with another widely used measure of sense of community and with the Index of Multiple Deprivation. Its relationship to self-reported common mental distress is also clear. Though in need of replication and longitudinal testing, the findings reported here on this new measure remind us that individual and place-based factors combine to influence wellbeing and that community needs to have an increasingly influential role to sustainably prevent future mental health challenges.
Drivers of land use changes and impacts on human-hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius) interactions in villages adjacent to Lake Babati, Tanzania
Authors: Mmbaga Naza E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) are victims of land use changes (LUC) due to their semi-aquatic nature. Although human–hippopotamus interactions (HHI) are known to exist in the area surrounding Lake Babati, nothing is known about the LUC in relation to the interactions. The study aimed at assessing the trend of LUC in the last 20 years in relation to time of establishing new settlement and farming seasons in relation to HHI, respondents’ perceptions of HHI, and mitigation measures used by local people against Hippos adjacent Lake Babati. Remote sensing and GIS techniques, questionnaires and focused group discussions were used to assess human perceptions regarding trends of the LUC in the study area. LUC was monitored by using landsat images from the years 1999 and 2019. The findings indicate an increase in settlement while water, agroforestry, and seasonal agricultural lands were decreasing. The time respondents stayed in the village, farm size, and respondents’ perception of HHI trends were observed to vary with the distance from the lake. The presence of LUC on adjacent Lake Babati jeopardized the ecological integrity of Hippos’ habitat and increased tension and overlap between hippos’ and human needs. The findings provide a baseline for managing HHI and recommend proper land use planning that prioritizes the use of alternative crops like fruit trees especially within 3 km from the lake. Human population and settlement expansion patterns should also be monitored in areas closer to the lake for sustaining wildlife conservation and livelihood development in Lake Babati and surrounding areas.
A dimensionality reduction approach in helicopter level flight performance testing
Authors: Arush I. , Pavel M.D. , Mulder M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEvaluation of the power required in level flight is essential to any new or modified helicopter performance flight-testing effort. The conventional flight-test method is based on an overly simplification of the induced and profile power components required for a helicopter in level flight. This simplistic approach incorporates several drawbacks that not only make execution of flight sorties inefficient and time consuming, but also compromise the level of accuracy achieved. This paper proposes an alternative flight-test method for evaluating the level-flight performance of a conventional helicopter while addressing and rectifying all identified deficiencies of the conventional method. The proposed method, referred to as the corrected-variables screening using dimensionality reduction (CVSDR), uses an original list of 36 corrected variables derived from basic dimensional analysis principles. This list of 36 corrected variables is reduced using tools of dimensionality reduction to keep only the most effective level-flight predictors. The CVSDR method is demonstrated and tested in this paper using flight-test data from a MBB BO-105 helicopter. It is shown that the CVSDR method predicts the power required for level flight about 21% more accurately than the conventional method while reducing the required flight time by an estimate of at least 60%. Unlike the conventional method, the CVSDR is not bounded by the high-speed approximation associated with the induced power estimation, therefore it is also relevant to the low airspeed regime. This low-airspeed relevancy allows the CVSDR method to bridge between the level-flight regime and the hover. Although demonstrated in this paper for a specific type of helicopter, the CVSDR method is applicable for level-flight performance flight testing of any type of conventional helicopter.