bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on the relative abundance and conservation of Southern Black Korhaan Afrotis afra, a South African endemic
Authors: Evans Steven W. 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Southern Black Korhaan is “Vulnerable” to extinction and a South African endemic that is restricted to the area of the Northern Cape Province that is west of the Great Escarpment, and to the area south of the Great Escarpment in the Western Cape, and the western section of the Eastern Cape Province. The 1990, 2014, and 2020 land use land cover (LULC) databases prepared for South Africa were used to determine the LULC categories that best describe suitable habitat for the birds using beta regressions and data on the exact locality of the birds from BirdLasser. The South African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP) reporting rates were used to determine the change in the relative abundance of the birds between the first and second SABAP. Beta regression models were compiled using the bird’s reporting rate and the total surface area, and three other landscape metrics, of the per pentad LULC categories considered to be suitable habitat for them. These models and the SABAP reporting rates revealed that Southern Black Korhaan is adversely affected by the loss of, especially, its fynbos habitat to crop agriculture. In 2020, the area of suitable habitat available to the bird was estimated to be 2,035,526 ha on terrain with a slope of ≤4°. Southern Black Korhaan remains “Vulnerable” to extinction because of the continued decline of >30% in the size of its population over three generations (31 years). The cumulative effects of habitat fragmentation and loss on Southern Black Korhaan and other threatened taxa must be mitigated by conserving and, where appropriate, rehabilitating suitable habitat (e.g. Gouritz Cluster Biosphere Reserve’s Corridors and Rehabilitation Project) in the protected areas, critical biodiversity areas, and ecosystem support areas identified in the provincial spatial conservation plans. Together these areas form a perforated landscape that ensures maximum connectivity between the remaining patches of indigenous habitat.
Vitamin D and suicidality: a Chinese early adolescent cohort and Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yuan Mengyuan , Li Yonghan , Chang Junjie , Zhang Xueying , Wang Shaojie , Cao Leilei , Li Yuan , Wang Gengfu , Su Puyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Previous cross-sectional and case–control studies have proposed that decreased vitamin D levels are positively correlated with the risk of suicidality in adults. However, limited studies have examined the association between vitamin D and suicidality in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D and suicidality risk among early adolescents.

Methods
Data were obtained from a Chinese early adolescent cohort. In this cohort, seventh-grade students from a middle school in Anhui Province were invited to voluntarily participate in the baseline assessments and provide peripheral blood samples (in September 2019). The participants were followed up annually (in September 2020 and September 2021). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and vitamin D–related single-nucleotide polymorphisms at baseline were measured in November 2021. Traditional observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D at baseline and the risk of baseline and incident suicidality (i.e., suicidal ideation [SI], plans and attempts).

Results
Traditional observational analysis did not reveal a significant linear or non-linear association of serum 25(OH)D concentration with the risks of baseline and 2-year incident suicidality in the total sample (P > .05 for all). Sex-stratified analysis revealed a non-linear association between the 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of baseline SI in women (Poverall = .002; Pnon-linear = .001). Moreover, the risk of baseline SI in the 25(OH) insufficiency group was lower than that in the 25(OH) deficiency group in the total sample (odds ratio [OR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.51–0.92, P = .012). This difference remained significant in women (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40–0.87, P = .008) but not in men (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.53–1.15, P = .205). Additionally, both linear and non-linear MR analyses did not support the causal effect of serum 25(OH)D concentration on the risk of baseline, 1-year and 2-year incident suicidality (P > .05 for all).

Conclusions
This study could not confirm the causal effect of vitamin D on suicidality risk among Chinese early adolescents. Future studies must confirm these findings with a large sample size.
Contributions of shading, soybean (Glycine max) row width, and planting green on horseweed (Conyza canadensis) management compared with soil-applied residual herbicides
Authors: Fisher Justine L. , Sprague Christy L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed is a problematic weed for Michigan soybean growers. Additionally, rosette- and upright-horseweed growth types have been observed co-emerging during mid- to late summer in several Michigan fields. In the greenhouse, shade levels from 35% to 92% reduced rosette- and upright-horseweed biomass 31% to 99% compared with the upright growth type grown under 0% shade. Greater reductions in biomass occurred under 69% and 92% shade. Thus, increased shading by planting in narrow rows and/or planting green into cereal rye may improve horseweed suppression. A field experiment conducted over 3 site-years compared the effect of fall-planted cereal rye terminated with glyphosate 1 wk after planting (WAP; planting green) with a preemergence residual herbicide program (glyphosate + 2,4-D + flumioxazin + metribuzin) on horseweed control in soybean planted in three row widths (19, 38, and 76 cm). Planting green or applying a residual herbicide program across all row widths reduced horseweed biomass 86% to 91% and 95% to 99%, respectively, compared with soybean planted with no cover in 76-cm rows, 4 to 6 WAP. At soybean harvest, when a noneffective postemergence herbicide (glyphosate) was applied, horseweed biomass was 42% and 81% lower by planting green or applying a residual-herbicide program compared with no cover, respectively. Similarly, planting soybean in 19-cm rows reduced horseweed biomass compared with 38- and 76-cm rows. When an effective postemergence program was applied, similar horseweed biomass reductions were observed by planting green or applying a residual herbicide across all row widths. Additionally, soybean yield and economic returns were similar between planting green and applying a residual herbicide in 1 of 2 site-years. Integrating planting green and an effective postemergence herbicide program offers an alternative horseweed management strategy to applying a residual preemergence herbicide program.
Global Climate Impacts of Land‐Surface and Atmospheric Processes Over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Huang Jianping , Zhou Xiuji , Wu Guoxiong , Xu Xiangde , Zhao Qingyun , Liu Yimin , Duan Anmin , Xie Yongkun , Ma Yaoming , Zhao Ping , Yang Song , Yang Kun , Yang Haijun , Bian Jianchun , Fu Yunfei , Ge Jinming , Liu Yuzhi , Wu Qigang , Yu Haipeng , Wang Binbin , Bao Qing , Qie Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP) impacts local and remote atmospheric circulations, wherein it mechanically and thermally affects air masses or airflows. Moreover, the TP provides a key channel for substance transport between the troposphere and the stratosphere. This study reviews recent advances in research regarding land–atmosphere coupling processes over the TP. The TP experiences climate warming and wetting. Climate warming has caused glacier retreat, permafrost degradation, and a general increase in vegetation density, while climate wetting has led to a significant increase in the number of major lakes, primarily through increased precipitation. Local and regional climates are affected by interactions between the land and the atmosphere. Namely, the TP drives surface pollutants to the upper troposphere in an Asian summer monsoon (ASM) anticyclone circulation, before spreading to the lower stratosphere. Further, the thermal forcing of the TP plays an essential role in the ASM. TP forcing can modulate hemispheric‐scale atmospheric circulations across all seasons. The TP interacts with remote oceans through a forced atmospheric response and is substantially affected by the evolution of the Earth's climate via promoting Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and eliminating Pacific meridional overturning circulation. The extensive influence of the TP is facilitated by its coupling with the ASM in the summer; whereas its winter influence on climate mainly occurs through Rossby waves. The observed increasing trends of temperature and precipitation over the TP are projected to continue throughout the 21st century.
Modeling Deep Rooted Thrust Mechanism of Crustal Thickening in Eastern Tibet
Authors: Pitard P. , Replumaz A. , Thieulot C. , Doin M.‐P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo test Eastern Tibet crustal thickening modes, we compare 2‐D numerical models of two emblematic end‐member models, with either an obstacle in the low viscosity lower crust or a thrust embedded in the high viscosity one. We show that the obstacle halts the viscous lower crustal flow potentially initiated by the weight of the high Central Tibet, generating a smooth exhumation gradient at the edge of the plateau, not observed in Eastern Tibet. On the contrary, including a low viscosity discontinuity in the upper crust, mimicking a shallow steep listric fault as inferred in the region, reproduces a sharper exhumation profile, as constrained from thermo‐kinematic inversions of thermochronological data, and the lack of foreland basin, as observed in the field. Moreover, such fault drives deformation throughout the entire crust, suggesting a deep crustal ductile shear zone limiting the more ductile deformation in the lower crust although no discontinuity is imposed.
Surface‐Forced Variability in the Nordic Seas Overturning Circulation and Overflows
Authors: Årthun Marius 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWater mass transformation in the Nordic Seas and the associated overflow of dense waters across the Greenland‐Scotland Ridge (GSR) acts to maintain the lower limb of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Here, we use ocean and atmospheric reanalysis to assess the temporal variability in the Nordic Seas overturning circulation between 1950 and 2020 and its relation to surface buoyancy forcing. We find that variable surface‐forced transformation of Atlantic waters in the eastern Nordic Seas can explain variations in overflow transport across the GSR. The production of dense water masses in the Greenland and Iceland Seas is of minor importance to overflow variability. The Nordic Seas overturning circulation shows pronounced multidecadal variability that is in phase with the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) index, but no long‐term trend. As the AMV is currently transitioning into its negative phase, the next decades could see a decreased overflow from the Nordic Seas.
Seasonality Drives Carbon Emissions Along a Stream Network
Authors: Conroy Hannah D. , Hotchkiss Erin R. , Cawley Kaelin M. , Goodman Keli , Hall Robert O. , Jones Jeremy B. , Wollheim Wilfred M. , Butman David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeadwater stream networks contribute substantially to the global carbon dioxide terrestrial flux because of high turbulence and coupling with terrestrial environments. Heterogeneity within headwater stream networks, both spatially and temporally, makes measuring and upscaling these emissions challenging because measurements of carbon dioxide in streams are often limited to a few monitoring points. We modified a stream network model to reflect real measurements made under base flow and high flow conditions at Martha Creek in Stabler, WA in the US Pacific Northwest. We found that under high flow conditions, the stream network had much greater total carbon emissions than during low flow conditions (1.22 Mg C day−1 vs. 0.034 Mg C day−1). We attribute this increase to a larger overall stream network area (0.04 vs. 0.01 km2) and discharge (1.9 m3 s−1 vs. 0.005 m3 s−1) in November versus August. Our results demonstrate the need to understand the nonperennial stream reaches when calculating carbon emissions. We compared the stream network emissions with the terrestrial net ecosystem exchange (NEE) estimated by local eddy covariance measurements per watershed area (−5.5 Mg C day−1 in August and −2.2 Mg C day−1 in November). Daily stream emissions in November accounted for a much larger percentage of NEE than in August (54% vs. 0.62%). We concluded that the stream network can emit a large percentage of the forest NEE in the winter months, and annual estimates of stream network emissions must consider the flow regime throughout the year.
LITTIP/Lgr6/HnRNPK complex regulates cementogenesis via Wnt signaling
Authors: Li Tiancheng , Wang Han , Jiang Yukun , Chen Shuo , Huang Danyuan , Wu Zuping , Yin Xing , Zhou Chenchen , Li Yuyu , Zou Shujuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOrthodontically induced tooth root resorption (OIRR) is a serious complication during orthodontic treatment. Stimulating cementum repair is the fundamental approach for the treatment of OIRR. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) might be a potential therapeutic agent for OIRR, but its effects still lack direct evidence, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the potential involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating the anabolic effects of intermittent PTH and contributing to cementum repair, as identifying lncRNA-disease associations can provide valuable insights for disease diagnosis and treatment. Here, we showed that intermittent PTH regulates cell proliferation and mineralization in immortalized murine cementoblast OCCM-30 via the regulation of the Wnt pathway. In vivo, daily administration of PTH is sufficient to accelerate root regeneration by locally inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Through RNA microarray analysis, lncRNA LITTIP (LGR6 intergenic transcript under intermittent PTH) is identified as a key regulator of cementogenesis under intermittent PTH. Chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays revealed that LITTIP binds to mRNA of leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 (LGR6) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (HnRNPK) protein. Further co-transfection experiments confirmed that LITTIP plays a structural role in the formation of the LITTIP/Lgr6/HnRNPK complex. Moreover, LITTIP is able to promote the expression of LGR6 via the RNA-binding protein HnRNPK. Collectively, our results indicate that the intermittent PTH administration accelerates root regeneration via inhibiting Wnt pathway. The lncRNA LITTIP is identified to negatively regulate cementogenesis, which activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling via high expression of LGR6 promoted by HnRNPK.
Developmental consequences of short apneas and periodic breathing in preterm infants
Authors: Yee Alicia K. , Siriwardhana Leon S. , Nixson Gillian M. , Walter Lisa M. , Wong Flora Y. , Horne Rosemary S. C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
We investigated the relationship between respiratory events experienced before and after hospital discharge and developmental outcomes at 6 months corrected age (CA).

Study design
Preterm infants born between 28–32 weeks gestational age (GA) were studied at 32–36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), 36–40 weeks PMA, 3- and 6-months CA. Percentage total sleep time (%TST) with respiratory events (isolated apneas, sequential apneas and periodic breathing (PB)) at each study was calculated. Stepwise multiple linear regressions determined significant predictors of developmental outcomes at 6 months.

Result
%TST with respiratory events at term were significant predictors of language (R2 = 0.165, β = −0.416) and motor (R2 = 0.180, β = −0.485) composite scores of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 6 months, independent of GA, birth weight and sex.

Conclusions
In clinically stable very preterm infants at term equivalent age, time spent having respiratory events, was related to a reduction in language and motor outcomes at 6 months.
SRSF3/AMOTL1 splicing axis promotes the tumorigenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through regulating the nucleus translocation of YAP1
Authors: Xu Xiao-Chen , Jiang Jia-Xin , Zhou Ya-Qing , He Shuai , Liu Yang , Li Yi-Qi , Wei Pan-Pan , Bei Jin-Xin , Sun Jian , Luo Chun-Ling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDysregulation of serine/arginine splicing factors (SRSFs) and abnormal alternative splicing (AS) have been widely implicated in various cancers but scarcely investigated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here we examine the expression of 12 classical SRSFs between 87 NPC and 10 control samples, revealing a significant upregulation of SRSF3 and its association with worse prognosis in NPC. Functional assays demonstrate that SRSF3 exerts an oncogenic function in NPC progression. Transcriptome analysis reveals 1,934 SRSF3-regulated AS events in genes related to cell cycle and mRNA metabolism. Among these events, we verify the generation of a long isoform of AMOTL1 (AMOTL1-L) through a direct bond of the SRSF3 RRM domain with the exon 12 of AMOTL1 to promote exon inclusion. Functional studies also reveal that AMOTL1-L promotes the proliferation and migration of NPC cells, while AMOTL1-S does not. Furthermore, overexpression of AMOTL1-L, but not -S, significantly rescues the inhibitory effects of SRSF3 knockdown. Additionally, compared with AMOTL1-S, AMOTL1-L has a localization preference in the intracellular than the cell membrane, leading to a more robust interaction with YAP1 to promote nucleus translocation. Our findings identify SRSF3/AMOTL1 as a novel alternative splicing axis with pivotal roles in NPC development, which could serve as promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NPC.
PRMT1 methylation of WTAP promotes multiple myeloma tumorigenesis by activating oxidative phosphorylation via m6A modification of NDUFS6
Authors: Jia Yachun , Yu Xiao , Liu Rui , Shi Luyi , Jin Hua , Yang Dan , Zhang Xiaofeng , Shen Ying , Feng Yuandong , Zhang Peihua , Yang Yi , Zhang Linlin , Zhang Pengyu , Li Zongfang , He Aili , Kong Guangyao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEpigenetic modifications play important roles during the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). Herein, we found that protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) was highly expressed in MM patients, which was positively correlated with MM stages. High PRMT1 expression was correlated with adverse prognosis in MM patients. We further showed that silencing PRMT1 inhibited MM proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we revealed that the knockdown of PRMT1 reduced the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of MM cells through NDUFS6 downregulation. Meanwhile, we identified that WTAP, a key component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, was methylated by PRMT1, and NDUFS6 was identified as a bona fide m6A target of WTAP. Finally, we found that the combination of PRMT1 inhibitor and bortezomib synergistically inhibited MM progression. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PRMT1 plays a crucial role during MM tumorigenesis and suggeste that PRMT1 could be a potential therapeutic target in MM.
The TNFα/TNFR2 axis mediates natural killer cell proliferation by promoting aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Khan Abrar Ul Haq , Ali Alaa Kassim , Marr Bryan , Jo Donghyeon , Ahmadvand Simin , Fong-McMaster Claire , Almutairi Saeedah Musaed , Wang Lisheng , Sad Subash , Harper Mary-Ellen , Lee Seung-Hwan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are predominant innate lymphocytes that initiate the early immune response during infection. NK cells undergo a metabolic switch to fuel augmented proliferation and activation following infection. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) is a well-known inflammatory cytokine that enhances NK cell function; however, the mechanism underlying NK cell proliferation in response to TNFα is not well established. Here, we demonstrated that upon infection/inflammation, NK cells upregulate the expression of TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2), which is associated with increased proliferation, metabolic activity, and effector function. Notably, IL-18 can induce TNFR2 expression in NK cells, augmenting their sensitivity toward TNFα. Mechanistically, TNFα-TNFR2 signaling upregulates the expression of CD25 (IL-2Rα) and nutrient transporters in NK cells, leading to a metabolic switch toward aerobic glycolysis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significantly reduced expression levels of genes involved in cellular metabolism and proliferation in NK cells from TNFR2 KO mice. Accordingly, our data affirmed that genetic ablation of TNFR2 curtails CD25 upregulation and TNFα-induced glycolysis, leading to impaired NK cell proliferation and antiviral function during MCMV infection in vivo. Collectively, our results delineate the crucial role of the TNFα-TNFR2 axis in NK cell proliferation, glycolysis, and effector function.
Novel homozygous variants in PRORP expand the genotypic spectrum of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54
Authors: Smith Thomas B. , Rea Alessandro , Thomas Huw B. , Thompson Kyle , Oláhová Monika , Maroofian Reza , Zamani Mina , He Langping , Sadeghian Saeid , Galehdari Hamid , Lotan Nava Shaul , Gilboa Tal , Herman Kristin C. , McCorvie Thomas J. , Yue Wyatt W. , Houlden Henry , Taylor Robert W. , Newman William G. , O’Keefe Raymond T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiallelic hypomorphic variants in PRORP have been recently described as causing the autosomal recessive disorder combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 54 (COXPD54). COXPD54 encompasses a phenotypic spectrum of sensorineural hearing loss and ovarian insufficiency (Perrault syndrome) to leukodystrophy. Here, we report three additional families with homozygous missense PRORP variants with pleiotropic phenotypes. Each missense variant altered a highly conserved residue within the metallonuclease domain. In vitro mitochondrial tRNA processing assays with recombinant TRMT10C, SDR5C1 and PRORP indicated two COXPD54-associated PRORP variants, c.1159A>G (p.Thr387Ala) and c.1241C>T (p.Ala414Val), decreased pre-tRNAIle cleavage, consistent with both variants impacting tRNA processing. No significant decrease in tRNA processing was observed with PRORP c.1093T>C (p.Tyr365His), which was identified in an individual with leukodystrophy. These data provide independent evidence that PRORP variants are associated with COXPD54 and that the assessment of 5′ leader mitochondrial tRNA processing is a valuable assay for the functional analysis and clinical interpretation of novel PRORP variants.
Anomalous Landau quantization in intrinsic magnetic topological insulators
Authors: Chong Su Kong , Lei Chao , Lee Seng Huat , Jaroszynski Jan , Mao Zhiqiang , MacDonald Allan H. , Wang Kang L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe intrinsic magnetic topological insulator, Mn(Bi1−xSbx)2Te4, has been identified as a Weyl semimetal with a single pair of Weyl nodes in its spin-aligned strong-field configuration. A direct consequence of the Weyl state is the layer dependent Chern number, $$C$$
C
. Previous reports in MnBi2Te4 thin films have shown higher $$C$$
C
states either by increasing the film thickness or controlling the chemical potential. A clear picture of the higher Chern states is still lacking as data interpretation is further complicated by the emergence of surface-band Landau levels under magnetic fields. Here, we report a tunable layer-dependent $$C$$
C
= 1 state with Sb substitution by performing a detailed analysis of the quantization states in Mn(Bi1−xSbx)2Te4 dual-gated devices—consistent with calculations of the bulk Weyl point separation in the doped thin films. The observed Hall quantization plateaus for our thicker Mn(Bi1−xSbx)2Te4 films under strong magnetic fields can be interpreted by a theory of surface and bulk spin-polarised Landau level spectra in thin film magnetic topological insulators.