bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planned oesophagectomy after chemoradiotherapy versus salvage oesophagectomy following definitive chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Petric Josipa , Handshin Samuel , Bright Tim , Watson David I. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundOesophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and sixth leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide. Salvage oesophagectomies are associated with an increased risk of mortality, although recent data suggests that long‐term survival rates following salvage oesophagectomy are similar to planned oesophagectomy. The aim was therefore to meta‐analyse outcomes for patients undergoing salvage versus planned oesophagectomies to assess the differences in short‐term mortality and long‐term survival.MethodsA systematic review of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed was performed to identify relevant studies. Data were extracted and compared by meta‐analysis, using odds ratio and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsNineteen studies meeting inclusion criteria were included in the meta‐analysis, which compared patients in the planned oesophagectomy group (n = 23 555) to patients in the salvage oesophagectomy group (n = 2227). There were significant differences between the groups in terms of rates of postoperative mortality (5.7% salvage oesophagectomy versus 3.1% planned oesophagectomy, P = 0.0004), anastomotic leak (20.6% salvage oesophagectomy versus 14.5% planned oesophagectomy, P < 0.00001), pulmonary complications (37.1% salvage oesophagectomy versus 24.2% planned oesophagectomy, P < 0.0001) and R0 margin (87.6% salvage oesophagectomy versus 91.3% planned oesophagectomy, P < 0.0001). There was no statistical difference between long‐term survival rates at 5 years with 39.2% for salvage and 42.6% for planned oesophagectomy (P = 0.28).ConclusionsSalvage oesophagectomies do offer a meaningful chance of long‐term survival (at 5 years) for select patients with oesophageal cancer, but the elevated risk of post‐operative complications and mortality following salvage oesophagectomy should be recognized.
Comparing left ventricular assist device inflow cannula angle between median sternotomy and thoracotomy using 3D reconstructions
Authors: Pearman Madeleine , Emmanuel Sam , Jansz Paul , Watson Alasdair , Connellan Mark , Iyer Arjun , Barua Sumita , Hayward Christopher Simon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation via thoracotomy has many potential advantages compared to conventional sternotomy, including improved inflow cannula (IFC) positioning. We compared the difference in IFC angles, postoperative, and long‐term outcomes for patients with LVADs implanted via thoracotomy and sternotomy.MethodsA single‐center, retrospective analysis of 14 patients who underwent thoracotomy implantation was performed and matched with 28 patients who underwent sternotomy LVAD implantations for a total of 42 patients. Inclusion required a minimum LVAD support duration of 30 days and excluded concomitant procedures. A postoperative CT‐chest was used to measure the angle the between the IFC and mitral valve in two‐dimensions and results were compared with three‐dimensional reconstruction using the same CT chest. Outcome data were extracted from medical records.ResultsThere was no significant difference in gender, INTERMACS score, BMI, or age between the two groups. Median cardiopulmonary bypass time was longer in the thoracotomy group compared to the sternotomy group, 107 min (86–122) versus 76 min (56–93), p < 0.01. 3D reconstructions revealed less deviation of the IFC away from the mitral valve in devices implanted via thoracotomy compared to sternotomy, median (IQR) angle 16.3° (13.9°–21.0°) versus 23.2° (17.9°–26.4°), p < 0.01. Rates of pump thrombosis, stroke, and gastrointestinal bleeding were not significantly different.ConclusionsDevices implanted via thoracotomy demonstrated less deviation away from mitral valve. However, there was no difference in morbidity between the two approaches. 3D reconstruction of the heart is an innovative technique to measure angulation and is clinically advantageous when compared to 2D imaging.
The development of cognitive reflection
Authors: Shtulman Andrew , Young Andrew G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhat do cows drink? The correct answer is water, but many are tempted to say milk. The disposition to override an intuitive response (milk) with a more analytic response (water) is known as cognitive reflection. Tests of cognitive reflection predict a wide range of skills and abilities in adults. In this article, we discuss the construction of a developmental version of the cognitive reflection test and explore how it predicts rational thinking and normative thinking dispositions in elementary school‐aged children, independent of age, executive function, and cultural context. We also explore how the test predicts children's mastery of counterintuitive concepts in science and mathematics. Findings suggest that cognitive reflection may be a prerequisite for developing, and improving, analytic thought, thus highlighting the value of studying cognitive reflection from a developmental perspective.
Phylogenomics and systematics of Entomobryoidea (Collembola): marker design, phylogeny and classification
Authors: Godeiro Nerivania Nunes , Ding Yinhuan , Cipola Nikolas Gioia , Jantarit Sopark , Bellini Bruno Cavalcante , Zhang Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEntomobryoidea has been the focus of phylogenetic studies in recent years owing to a divergence between morphological and genetic data. Recent phylogenies have converged on the sister relationship of Orchesellidae with the remaining Entomobryoidea, and on the non‐monophyly of the traditional Paronellidae and Entomobryidae, but still lack resolution. Known molecular phylogenies of the superfamily differ greatly between mitogenomic and multilocus markers. For this reason, we designed universal single‐copy orthologue (USCO) and ultraconserved element (UCE) marker sets specific for Entomobryoidea, based on 11 genome assemblies. Upon the newly designed 3406 USCOs and 4030 UCEs, we analysed 34 species covering all Entomobryoidea families and major subfamilies. New data for 26 species were mined from whole‐genome sequencing. Phylogenetic inference confirmed the Orchesellidae as an independent family and the Entomobryinae remained the most puzzling taxon gathering scaled and unscaled lineages of both traditional Entomobryidae and Paronellidae. To accommodate Paronellides, Zhuqinia and related genera, Paronellidinae subfam. nov. is proposed within Entomobryidae. The sampled representatives of Paronellinae were recovered as the sister group of (Seirinae+Lepidocyrtinae), suggesting that reduction on the dorsal macrochaetotaxy and trunk sensillar pattern may have occurred independently within the Lepidocyrtinae and Paronellinae or represent their symplesiomorphy posteriorly modified in the Seirinae. The current systematics of the superfamily are revised here, with Entomobryidae now comprising six subfamilies, including all taxa with smooth dens. Our data also point out that all the main events of cladogenesis of the families and subfamilies of Entomobryoidea occurred during the Jurassic. Our genome‐scale phylogenomics provides a complete, reliable example for systematics of Entomobryoidea, as well as other invertebrates in the big data era.
A sustainable ecosystem: building a learning community to facilitate transdisciplinary collaboration in packaging development
Authors: Mulder‐Nijkamp Maaike , de Koeijer Bjorn 
Published: December 2022

Sustainability‐related developments become a differentiating factor in development processes. An area with a strong focus on sustainability‐related issues is packaging. In current packaging development processes, stakeholders focus on solving sustainability issues within their own boundaries. However, the complexities surrounding circular packaging can only be overcome by transdisciplinary collaboration. ‘Traditional’ collaboration shows to be incapable of overcoming packaging‐specific complexities. Therefore, we launch Packalicious, a research initiative aiming to establish transdisciplinary innovation as a collaborative learning ecosystem.In the initial research phase, a core stakeholder group developed the framework in which Packalicious operates. In the second (current) phase, the developed Packalicious framework is tested and improved. This design iteration builds on a transdisciplinary group‐based case study, where real‐life packaging challenges are tackled by diverse stakeholders.In this paper, we define and measure the efficacy of collaborative learning within Packalicious by means of three innovation indicators. The first results indicate that the approach yields more diverse solutions, and a positive connotation with on‐the‐spot transdisciplinary collaboration. However, it also exposes the differences in discipline‐related language and jargon. This paper contributes to academic insights by the establishment of a self‐sustaining transdisciplinary learning ecosystem, and the ways in which this bridges gaps between disciplines and stakeholders.
What's trust got to do with it? The ‘washback effect’ of engagement in the 2020 calculated grades process on teachers' trust and future senior cycle reform in Ireland
Authors: Lysaght Zita 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn Ireland, the high‐stakes Leaving Certificate Examination at the end of upper secondary education was abruptly cancelled in 2020 due to the Covid‐19 pandemic. Instead, calculated grades were introduced, necessitating for the first time the involvement of secondary school teachers in the assessment of their own students for certification. This article reports on analysis of responses to an online survey with 713 respondents conducted in the autumn of 2020, focusing on teacher experiences of engagement in the process of calculated grades in their schools and how this might inform perceptions of their future roles as assessors. Among the key findings to emerge from re‐analyses of these data are inter alia that, for some teachers, (1) negotiation of student grades with colleagues—particularly those at grade boundaries—caused them to question the professional judgements of peers; (2) release by the Department of Education and Skills of student ranks, in addition to grades, constituted a breach of trust because it ran contrary to what they understood had been agreed initially; and (3) living and working in small towns or rural communities in Ireland left them very vulnerable to disgruntled students and their families—resulting in the perception that trust in their professional judgements had been undermined. Hence, the conclusion that the success of Senior Cycle reform efforts is contingent on both rebuilding teachers' trust over time while also working, in the immediate term, with teachers interested in exploring further their roles in school‐based assessment for certification purposes.
The effect of peer group stability on achievements: Evidence from Poland
Authors: Herbst Mikołaj , Sobotka Aneta , Wójcik Piotr 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article reports on a study using data from nation‐wide standardised examinations in Poland. We analysed the extent to which grade 9 student achievements have depended on the stability of their peer group over the course of middle school. We controlled for the fixed effects of schools attended by the students, as well as for individual achievements prior to middle school enrolment. To mitigate the risk for endogeneity, analysis was informed by a consideration of the fact that middle schools operate in different institutional relations with nearby primary schools. This also allowed us to distinguish between the effect related to peer group stability and the one connected to the stability of the learning environment in general. The results of our analysis show that instability significantly reduces students' expected performance in mathematics and science. The impact of peer group stability on test achievements varies strongly across the student ability distribution. Very low‐performing students and top performers were most affected. The average students were largely unaffected. One category of students that seems to benefit from the change when moving to middle school are students from very competitive primary schools who have average skills.
Eptinezumab improved patient‐reported outcomes and quality of life in patients with migraine and prior preventive treatment failures
Authors: Goadsby Peter J. , Barbanti Piero , Lambru Giorgio , Ettrup Anders , Christoffersen Cecilie Laurberg , Josiassen Mette Krog , Phul Ravinder , Sperling Bjørn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeIn the phase 3b, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled DELIVER clinical trial, eptinezumab reduced migraine frequency and headache in adults with two to four prior preventive treatment failures. Here, the effect of eptinezumab on coinciding patient‐reported outcomes is reported.MethodsAdults were randomized to receive eptinezumab 100, 300 mg or placebo intravenously at weeks 12 and 24. The EQ‐5D‐5L, measuring overall patient health, and the six‐item Headache Impact Test were completed every 4 weeks. The Patient Global Impression of Change was completed at weeks 4, 12 and 24. Patient‐identified most bothersome symptom and the Migraine‐Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire were administered at weeks 12 and 24.ResultsEptinezumab improved patient‐reported outcomes more than placebo, starting at week 4 and at all subsequent time points. By week 12, patients’ overall health (EQ‐5D‐5L visual analog scale score) improved with eptinezumab treatment (difference from placebo in change from baseline: 100 mg, 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2, 8.1,p < 0.001; 300 mg, 7.5, 95% CI 4.5, 10.4,p < 0.0001). At week 12, eptinezumab improved headache‐related quality of life (difference from placebo in change from baseline in Headache Impact Test total score: 100 mg, −3.8, 95% CI −5.0, −2.5,p < 0.0001; 300 mg, −5.4, 95% CI −6.7, −4.2,p < 0.0001), including each Migraine‐Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire domain (p ≤ 0.0001, all comparisons). Over twice as many patients receiving eptinezumab than placebo reported much or very much improvement on the Patient Global Impression of Change and patient‐identified most bothersome symptom.ConclusionPatients with two to four prior preventive treatment failures receiving eptinezumab versus placebo reported greater improvements in well‐being, quality of life and most bothersome symptoms compared to placebo.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT04418765;EudraCTidentifier: 2019‐004497‐25.
Exploration of the oxidation behavior and doping ratio of the Si–HfO2 bond layer used in environmental barrier coatings
Authors: Xiao Shikang , Li Jianzhang , Liu Xinran , Chang Zixuan , Huang Panxin , Zhang Antong , Tian Yuhang , Zhang Xu , Zhang Jingde , Han Guifang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHafnia doping is expected to improve the performance of the silicon‐bond layer of environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) for SiC‐based ceramic matrix composites. The optimal doping ratio, distribution of HfO2, and oxidation mechanism of the bond layer have not yet been fully addressed. A prototype Si–HfO2 bond layer with a designed HfO2‐rich area was used to examine its oxidation behavior. A random dispersion model was developed to calculate the optimal HfO2 doping ratio and its appropriate distribution state. The simulation results recommended that 20–30 vol% is the optimal doping ratio, where HfO2 is well dispersed inside Si without forming networks. This enables HfO2 to react with and consume SiO2 without accelerating oxygen diffusion inside the bond layer. This was confirmed by oxidation experiments on Si–xHfO2 tablets, in which the thinnest thermally grown oxide was achieved for the 20 vol% HfO2‐doped Si tablet. Both the microstructure design and material composition selection are highly important to further boost the performance of the EBCs.
Adalimumab efficacy is inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI) in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Nosrati Avigdor , Torpey McCall E. , Shokrian Neda , Ch'en Peter Y. , Andriano Tyler M. , Benesh Gabrielle , Heibel Haley D. , Hosgood H. Dean , Campton Kristina L. , Cohen Steven R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdalimumab is the only FDA‐approved biologic for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). In the setting of increasing obesity rates worldwide, the relationship between adalimumab efficacy for HS and BMI is essential to understand. We assessed this relationship through markers of disease severity and inflammation.MethodsInstitutional review board‐approved retrospective chart review of Montefiore/Einstein HS Center (HSC) patients (n = 57) treated with adalimumab. The relationship between BMI and adalimumab efficacy was assessed through disease severity (HS‐Physician Global Assessment [HS‐PGA] 0 and Numerical Rating Scale Pain [NRS‐Pain]) and inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], C‐reactive protein [CRP], and interleukin‐6 [IL‐6]). A BMI ≥ 30 is defined as obese; BMI < 30 is defined as non‐obese.ResultsThe mean age was 35.8 ± 13.0 years. After adalimumab therapy, those with BMI < 30 experienced significant reductions in HS‐PGA (−1.5 ± 0.9; P < 0.0001) and NRS‐Pain (−1.6 ± 2.1; P < 0.0001), as well as mean decreases in inflammatory markers ESR, CRP, and IL‐6 (−17.90 ± 23.6, −0.71 ± 1.4, −5.88 ± 7.9, respectively; P > 0.05). Obese patients (BMI ≥ 30) experienced mean increases in HS‐PGA (+0.22 ± 0.8; P > 0.05) and NRS‐Pain scores (+1.41 ± 3.5; P > 0.05) as well as mean increases in ESR, CRP, and IL‐6 (+2.62 ± 28.3, +0.44 ± 3.0, +2.35 ± 6.9, respectively; P > 0.05). Comparing the cohorts, differences in changes in HS‐PGA, NRS‐Pain, ESR, and IL‐6 after therapy are significantly different (P < 0.05).ConclusionsWe identified significantly lower efficacy of adalimumab in HS patients with BMI ≥ 30 compared to those with BMI < 30. Those with BMI ≥ 30 demonstrated signs of both clinical and physiological deterioration while on adalimumab. Future studies are needed to examine adalimumab dosing for HS patients with high BMI, as well as a critical reconsideration of weight‐based therapies.
Knockdown of CYP9A9 increases the susceptibility to lufenuron, methoxyfenozide and a mixture of both in Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Zhang Zhixian , Wang Dan , Shan Yongpan , Chen Jixiang , Hu Hongyan , Song Xianpeng , Ma Xiaoyan , Ren Xiangliang , Ma Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLufenuron (LUF) and Methoxyfenozide (MET) as Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) contribute to the current control of the catastrophic crop pest, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Yet S. exigua has evolved resistance to LUF and MET, which is possibly mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), particularly from the CYP3 clade family, as it plays a key role in the detoxification of insecticides. However, a mixture of LUF and MET (MML) (optimal ratio: 6:4) remains highly insecticidal. Here, we analysed the response of S. exigua to sublethal concentrations of LUF, MET, and MML via transcriptomics. Twelve differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding CYP3 clade members were observed in transcriptomes and CYP9A9 was significantly upregulated after treatment with LUF, MET, and MML. Further, CYP9A9 was most highly expressed in the midgut of L4 S. exigua larvae. RNAi‐mediated knockdown of CYP9A9 reduced the activity of CYP450 and increased the susceptibility of S. exigua larvae to LUF, MET, and MML. Thus, CYP9A9 plays a key role in the detoxification of LUF, MET, and MML in S. exigua. These findings provide new insights into insecticidal actions of IGRs, which can be applied to the establishment of novel pest management strategies.
Eco‐anxiety in youth: An integrative literature review
Authors: Brophy Hailie , Olson Joanne , Paul Pauline 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClimate change‐related eco‐anxiety in young people has made headlines around the world, but most study of this phenomenon has been limited to adults. Eco‐anxiety is still not well defined in the literature, but generally refers to distress, worry, or concern related to the climate change crisis. Young people will be chronologically more exposed to climate change‐related harms and problems, and this may be causing increased eco‐anxiety in this population. This literature review aimed to summarize the relevant works on eco‐anxiety in young people, provide a critique of the literature, identify gaps, and discuss the relevance to nursing practice. A literature search using multiple databases and other sources was completed, using applicable key terms and resulted in 23 sources to inform the review. Key themes of eco‐anxiety definition variation, hopelessness and burden in young people, and responses to eco‐anxiety are discussed, and critical analysis is undertaken. The main conclusions include a broad working definition of eco‐anxiety that does not pathologize the eco‐anxiety experience but recognizes that it can cause suffering. Also discussed is the role of nurses in reducing the potential or actual suffering of youth through hope promotion, challenging binary thinking patterns, building emotional resilience, encouraging action or involvement in climate change spheres, and promoting climate justice and advocacy. Recommendations for further research are offered.
Trajectories of health‐related quality of life and fatigue during vedolizumab therapy in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Steenholdt Casper , Lorentsen Ruben Due , Petersen Pernille Nørgaard , Brynskov Jørn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimNormalizing health‐related quality of life (QoL) and fatigue are important long‐term treatment targets in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We examined their evolution in relation to changes in disease activity during vedolizumab therapy.MethodsCohort study of biologically refractory IBD patients treated with vedolizumab. Patients were prospectively evaluated at all infusions by Short Health Scale (SHS) (QoL questionnaire covering four health dimensions) (n = 79), visual analogous scale for fatigue (VAS‐F) (n = 30), and clinical disease activity. Objective disease assessment was carried out after 1 year or at treatment failure.ResultsPatients in steroid‐free clinical remission at end of induction improved significantly in all SHS items already from week 2 with full implementation by week 14 (“Symptoms” 59% improvement, P < 0.001; “Function” 63%, P < 0.001; “Worries” 59%, P < 0.001; “Well‐being” 40%, P < 0.01). Then, SHS remained stable at background levels (< 20) for 1 year (improvements 67%; 65%; 62%; 57%; P < 0.001). Combined clinical‐objective remission at 1 year was associated with highest SHS improvements (64–72%; P < 0.001). Of note, early SHS improvements preceded manifestation of clinical remission in most patients (22 of 33; 67%). Clinical response materialized into late (week 6 or later) and minor SHS improvements (31–46%, P < 0.001). Fatigue improved steadily over 6 months to background levels (VAS‐F < 4) among patients in clinical remission (45% decrease) or clinical‐objective remission (41%). SHS and VAS‐F impairment remained elevated in patients without effect of therapy.ConclusionQoL rapidly improves and predicts later significant clinical‐objective efficacies of vedolizumab at end of induction and 1 year. Fatigue improves slowly after remission is attained.