bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes between 37 to 39 and 40 to 42 Weeks of Gestational Age
Authors: Lavie Anat , Fisch Shira , Reicher Lee , Zohav Eyal , Maslovitz Sharon 
Published: March 2023

Objective We aimed at assessing the association between meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in early-term versus late-term pregnancies.
Study Design Early-term pregnancies (37–39 weeks of gestation) presented with MSAF were compared with late-term (40–42 weeks of gestation) pregnancies with MSAF. The groups were compared with respect to background characteristics, maternal outcomes, and neonatal outcomes. The composite neonatal outcome was the primary outcome of the study, and secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Results The early-term group comprised 239 women, compared with 362 women in the late-term group. The primary outcome did not differ between groups. We found a higher prevalence of gestational diabetes (8.37 vs. 3%, p < 0.05), a shorter second stage of labor (45.61 ± 54.67 vs. 65.82 ± 62.99 minutes, p < 0.05), and a longer hospital stay (2.84 ± 2.21 vs. 2.53 ± 1.26 days, p < 0.05) in the early-term group. Other maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion In term pregnancies complicated by MSAF, adverse neonatal and maternal delivery outcomes are equivalent, regardless of gestational age, and therefore, any term pregnancy complicated by MSAF should be considered high risk and managed appropriately.
Key Points
On the Reaction Mechanism of the Selective C(sp3)–H Functionalization of N-Benzylpiperidines Mediated by TEMPO Oxoammonium Cation
Authors: Romero-Ibañez Julio , Sandoval-Lira Jacinto , Sartillo-Piscil Fernando , Cruz-Gregorio Silvano , Hernández-Pérez Julio M. , Quintero Leticia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe selective and dual C(sp3)–H oxidation of N-heterocycles to their corresponding 3-alkoxyamino lactams mediated by TEMPO oxoammonium cation (TEMPO+) is turning into a convenient nonmetallic strategy for the rapid functionalization of piperidines and pyrrolidines to bioactive alkaloids. Mechanistic proposal suggests that TEMPO+ prefers to oxidize the endocyclic C–Hα bond of either N-substituted piperidines or pyrrolidines to their corresponding endocyclic iminium intermediates, which are transformed into enamine intermediates, and then trapped by oxoammonium cation. Although the product formation seems to be in concordance with this mechanistic rationale, neither experimental evidence nor theoretical calculations have been reported. Accordingly, the current investigation provides computational findings explaining that the origin of the selective C–Hα oxidation can be attributed to an unprecedented C–H···π interaction between two hydrogen atoms of TEMPO+ with the aromatic ring of the piperidine benzyl group. To prove the existence of the enamine intermediate, we developed an unprecedented transition-metal-free tetra C–H oxidation of two N-benzyl-4-methylenepiperidines. Accordingly, the existence of the elusive enamine intermediate was attained by generating a transitory dienamine intermediate, which was trapped by TEMPO+ and NaClO2­ to give the corresponding 4-(aminooxymethyl)-3,4-epoxy-2-piperidone.
Photocatalyst-Free, Visible-Light-Mediated C–H Perfluoroalkylation of Quinazolin-4(3H)-ones with perfluoroalkyl Iodides
Authors: Fruit Corinne , Delouche Thomas , Gadiry-Diallo Abdoul , Besson Thierry , Ogoshi Sensuke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA practical and sustainable photocatalyst-free protocol for photoinduced synthesis of perfluoroalkylated quinazolin-4(3H)-ones is described starting from quinazolin-4(3H)-ones. A wide range of substituted or fused-quinazolinones is found to be compatible, providing the corresponding mono- and bis-perfluoroalkylated compounds in moderate yields. This visible-light-mediated C–H perfluoroalkylation allows an environmentally friendly and straightforward access to an array of unprecedented functionalized quinazolinone scaffolds, presenting attractive features for drug discovery. Control experiments demonstrated that a radical mechanism is involved in the reaction mechanism.
An Abbreviated History of Aldosterone Metabolism, Current and Future
Challenges
Authors: Gomez-Sanchez Celso E , Gomez-Sanchez Elise P 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe initial isolation of adrenal steroids from large quantities of animal
adrenals resulted in an amorphous fraction resistant to crystallization and
identification and had potent effects on electrolyte transport. Aldosterone was
eventually isolated and identified in the fraction and was soon shown to cause
hypertension when in excess. The autonomous and excessive production of
aldosterone, primary aldosteronism, is the most common cause of secondary
hypertension. Aldosterone is metabolized in the liver and kidney, and its
metabolites are conjugated with glucuronic acid for excretion. The most common
liver metabolite is 3α,5β-tetrahydroaldosterone-3-glucuronide,
while that of the kidney is aldosterone-18-oxo-glucuronide. In terms of their
value, especially the aldosterone-18-oxo-glucuronide, is commonly used for the
diagnosis of primary aldosteronism because they provide an integrated value of
the total daily production of aldosterone. Conversion of aldosterone to
18-oxo-glucuronide is impeded by drugs, like some common non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs that compete for UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-2B7, the
most important glucuronosyltransferase for aldosterone metabolism.
Tetrahydroaldosterone is the most abundant metabolite and the most reliable for
the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism, but it is not commonly measured.
Recent Trends in Incidence and Outcomes for Acute Myocarditis in Children in the United States
Authors: Singh Kalpana , Lutfi Riad , Parent John J. , Rogerson Colin , Yabrodi Mouhammad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLack of defined diagnostic criteria for acute myocarditis makes its diagnosis dependent on clinical suspicion. The objective of this study was to the current trends in demographics, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes in the United States for children hospitalized with acute myocarditis. This retrospective study was conducted using data collected from the Pediatric Health Information System database for the years 2014 to 2020. We included patients 21 years of age or younger with acute myocarditis. The statistical analysis was performed using chi-squared test and continuous variables using Mann–Whitney's U-test for continuous data comparisons. We found 1,199 patients with acute myocarditis. About 60% of patients required admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The median hospital length of stay was 4 days for all patients and 6 days for ICU patients. Two hundred sixty-five (22.1%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation, 127 (10.6%) required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 33 (2.8%) required ventricular assist device, and 22 (1.8%) required cardiac transplantations. Milrinone was the most used vasoactive agent. The overall hospital mortality was 2.3%. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion use decreased during the study period. On multivariate analysis, vasoactive medication use (p < 0.01) and arrhythmia (p = 0.02) were independently associated with increased odds of mortality. IVIG use (p = 0.01) was associated with decreased odds of mortality. Despite high morbidity and frequent need for advanced life support measures, the survival outcomes of acute myocarditis in children are favorable. Vasoactive medication support and occurrence of arrythmia were independently associated with mortality, most likely due to disease severity. Administration of IVIG was independently associated with reduced mortality. The Clinical trial registration is not applicable.
Confirmation of Safety of Titanium Wire in Sternotomy Closure, A Randomized Prospective Study
Authors: Eraqi Mohamed , Diab Abdel Hannan , Matschke Klaus , Alexiou Konstantin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background There are many factors that are known to increase the risk of sternal wound infection (SWI); some studies have reported that nickel is a risk factor for SWI. Titanium wires have only been used as an alternative to steel wires in patients with known allergy to nickel. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding the safety of using titanium wires compared to that on the safety of steel wires for sternum closure after cardiac surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the noninferiority of titanium wires, even in patients without a known allergy.
Methods A total of 322 patients who underwent elective full median sternotomy were randomly assigned to sternal closure either by titanium wires (n = 161) or by stainless steel wires.
Results Fourteen patients had sternal instability, six (3.7%) patients in the titanium group and eight (5%) patients in the stainless steel group (p = 0.585). There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in terms of postoperative wound infection (p = 0.147). Patients in the titanium group experienced statistically significant lower postoperative pain than those in the stainless steel group (p = 0.024). The wire type was not an independent risk factor for SI, as shown by univariate and logistic regression analyses.
Conclusion Titanium wires are a good alternative and have been proven to be safe and effective for sternal closure. The surgeon should be aware of the possibility of developing an allergic reaction to the wires, especially in patients with previous multiple allergic histories.
Intersectionality: Understanding the Interdependent Systems of Discrimination and Disadvantage
Authors: King-Mullins Erin , Maccou Elana , Miller Pringl 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe fight for gender equity in surgery extends well beyond the simplistic binary construct of man versus woman. Professor Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term “intersectionality,” which is used to describe the dynamic associations between the concepts of race, class, gender, and other individualized characteristics and their real-time interaction with one another in our society. Our review of intersectional identities among medical professionals attempts to examine the trends of difficulties at the intersections of an individual's identity within academic surgery, leadership in academic surgery, and the effects on patient outcomes in the United States. Specifically, we will focus on the interaction of race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, family, disability, and international status. Much more research focused specifically on intersectional groups is required to statistically identify to what degree overlapping identities impact professional and patient care outcomes. Recognition of the problem and candid discussions will allow for vast improvements not only in surgical culture, but also in surgical care.
Assessment of the Web Site Availability and Content of Pediatric Ophthalmology Fellowship Programs: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study
Authors: Kim Anne B. , Cheng Brian T. , Chan Kyle S. , Kurup Sudhi P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Fellowship program Web sites are a crucial source of information for prospective pediatric ophthalmology applicants, especially in light of the restrictions on in-person interactions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Objective This study examined all pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites for availability and presented recruitment and training content.
Methods A full list of all pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus (POAS) fellowship programs were compiled from the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology (AUPO) directory and the San Francisco Match (SFMatch) application listing. Each fellowship was queried by Google Internet search to identify the program's corresponding Web site. The content of Web sites was evaluated using 20 predetermined recruitment and training criteria. All data were collected in February 2022. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were constructed to examine differences by geographic location, program size, number of teaching faculty, and affiliation with a top ophthalmology residency program.
Results There were 45 pediatric ophthalmology fellowships identified from the AUPO and SFMatch. All pediatric ophthalmology fellowships had an available program Web site. However, there was significant variability in content, and the average Web site had approximately half of the evaluated criteria. POAS Web sites reported a greater number of recruitment criteria than program training criteria. There were no differences by program size, number of faculty, affiliation with a top residency program, or geographic location in the number of observed criteria.
Conclusions This study provides data to drive efforts to improve pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites. Pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites are missing important information, and there are opportunities to improve program Web sites, regardless of program size, number of faculty, affiliation with a top residency, and geographic location. Informative, accurate Web sites may attract qualified candidates, and as a result, elevate the likelihood that interviewed candidates are well-suited to the program. As such, improvements to fellowship Web sites can streamline the application process and increase a program's success rate in the match.
Machine learned interatomic potential for dispersion strengthened plasma facing components
Authors: Sikorski E. L. , Cusentino M. A. , McCarthy M. J. , Tranchida J. , Wood M. A. , Thompson A. P. 
Published: March 2023

Tungsten (W) is a material of choice for the divertor material due to its high melting temperature, thermal conductivity, and sputtering threshold. However, W has a very high brittle-to-ductile transition temperature, and at fusion reactor temperatures (≥1000 K), it may undergo recrystallization and grain growth. Dispersion-strengthening W with zirconium carbide (ZrC) can improve ductility and limit grain growth, but much of the effects of the dispersoids on microstructural evolution and thermomechanical properties at high temperatures are still unknown. We present a machine learned Spectral Neighbor Analysis Potential for W–ZrC that can now be used to study these materials. In order to construct a potential suitable for large-scale atomistic simulations at fusion reactor temperatures, it is necessary to train on ab initio data generated for a diverse set of structures, chemical environments, and temperatures. Further accuracy and stability tests of the potential were achieved using objective functions for both material properties and high temperature stability. Validation of lattice parameters, surface energies, bulk moduli, and thermal expansion is confirmed on the optimized potential. Tensile tests of W/ZrC bicrystals show that although the W(110)–ZrC(111) C-terminated bicrystal has the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) at room temperature, observed strength decreases with increasing temperature. At 2500 K, the terminating C layer diffuses into the W, resulting in a weaker W–Zr interface. Meanwhile, the W(110)–ZrC(111) Zr-terminated bicrystal has the highest UTS at 2500 K.
Predicting allosteric sites using fast conformational sampling as guided by coarse-grained normal modes
Authors: Zheng Wenjun 
Published: March 2023

To computationally identify cryptic binding sites for allosteric modulators, we have developed a fast and simple conformational sampling scheme guided by coarse-grained normal modes solved from the elastic network models followed by atomistic backbone and sidechain reconstruction. Despite the complexity of conformational changes associated with ligand binding, we previously showed that simply sampling along each of the lowest 30 modes can adequately restructure cryptic sites so they are detectable by pocket finding programs like Concavity. Here, we applied this method to study four classical examples of allosteric regulation (GluR2 receptor, GroEL chaperonin, GPCR, and myosin). Our method along with alternative methods has been utilized to locate known allosteric sites and predict new promising allosteric sites. Compared with other sampling methods based on extensive molecular dynamics simulation, our method is both faster (1–2 h for an average-size protein of ∼400 residues) and more flexible (it can be easily integrated with any structure-based pocket finding methods), so it is suitable for high-throughput screening of large datasets of protein structures at the genome scale.
Perturbation theoretical approaches to strong light–matter coupling in ground and excited electronic states for the description of molecular polaritons
Authors: Bauer Marco , Dreuw Andreas 
Published: March 2023

Quantum chemical methods for the description of molecular polaritonic states in the strong coupling regime based on the Pauli–Fierz Hamiltonian are introduced. Based on a quantum electrodynamic Hartree–Fock (QED-HF) reference, a QED Møller–Plesset perturbation theory of second order for the electronic ground state and a second order quantum electrodynamic algebraic diagrammatic construction scheme for the polarization propagator [QED-ADC(2)] for excited electronic states have been derived, implemented, and tested for polaritons in hydrogen fluoride. Analogous approaches based on a standard non-polaritonic HF reference are also presented and thoroughly compared, both algebraically and numerically, to those based on the QED-HF reference. Furthermore, a promising route to approximate QED-ADC methods based on a unitary transformation of the algebraic expression into a restricted state space is outlined showing excellent agreement in second order with QED-ADC(2). All presented novel methods are compared to and tested against other existing ab initio approaches, mostly QED coupled cluster theory, including single and double excitations, and show qualitative agreement at a reduced computational effort.
Learning critically drives parkinsonian motor deficits through imbalanced striatal pathway recruitment
Authors: Cheung Timothy H. C. , Ding Yunmin , Zhuang Xiaoxi , Kang Un Jung 
Published: March 2023

Dopamine (DA) loss in Parkinson’s disease (PD) causes debilitating motor deficits. However, dopamine is also widely linked to reward prediction and learning, and the contribution of dopamine-dependent learning to movements that are impaired in PD—which often do not lead to explicit rewards—is unclear. Here, we used two distinct motor tasks to dissociate dopamine’s acute motoric effects vs. its long-lasting, learning-mediated effects. In dopamine-depleted mice, motor task performance gradually worsened with task exposure. Task experience was critical, as mice that remained in the home cage during the same period were relatively unimpaired when subsequently probed on the task. Repeated dopamine replacement treatments acutely rescued deficits and gradually induced long-term rescue that persisted despite treatment withdrawal. Surprisingly, both long-term rescue and parkinsonian performance decline were task specific, implicating dopamine-dependent learning. D1R activation potently induced acute rescue that gradually consolidated into long-term rescue. Conversely, reduced D2R activation potently induced parkinsonian decline. In dopamine-depleted mice, either D1R activation or D2R activation prevented parkinsonian decline, and both restored balanced activation of direct vs. indirect striatal pathways. These findings suggest that reinforcement and maintenance of movements—even movements not leading to explicit rewards—are fundamental functions of dopamine and provide potential mechanisms for the hitherto unexplained “long-duration response” by dopaminergic therapies in PD.
Fabrication methods and property analysis of metal foams – a technical overview
Authors: Nawaz Ali , Rani Sushila 
Published: March 2023

In recent years, metal foams have emerged as the most advanced materials for structural, thermal, and sound insulation purposes. Metal foams have more exciting properties than other lightweight materials, such as higher deformation resistance, compressive strength, and crashworthiness. This review article highlights various conventional and non-conventional manufacturing methods of metal foams under direct and indirect foaming techniques. Non-conventional methods of metal foam fabrication, such as additive manufacturing, novel methods, and metal syntactic foaming have been described in detail. A detailed review of foaming agents, space holders, and filler particles utilised in the metal foaming process is provided. Recent advancements in the metal foam coating process and coating materials have also been discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Time-resolved single-particle spectrum of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model after interaction quenches
Authors: Su Yong-Guang , Lu Ruifeng , Lu Hantao , Shao Can 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model after interaction quenches. In strong-coupling regime with large on-site interaction, the ground states of this model with small and large nearest-neighbor interactions are in spin-density-wave and charge-density-wave phases, respectively. Combining twisted boundary conditions with the time-dependent Lanczos method, we obtain snapshots of the time-dependent single-particle spectrum after quenches. We find that for quench within the same phase, the single-particle spectrum becomes close to that of the quenched Hamiltonian immediately after the quench. While for quench across the critical point, the afterward evolution process depends mainly on the distribution of the initial state among the eigenstates of the quenched Hamiltonian. Our finding may serve as a way to detect the phase transition in ultracold atom systems with interactions.
Dielectronic recombination rate coefficients of carbon-like Kr30+
Authors: Ma Wan-Lu , Wang Shu-Xing , Huang Zhong-Kui , Wen Wei-Qiang , Wang Han-Bing , Chen Dong-Yang , Liu Xin , Zhou Xiao-Peng , Huang Hou-Ke , Shao Lin , Liu Chang , Zhang Chun-Yu , Chen Chong-Yang , Mao Li-Jun , Ma Xiao-Ming , Li Jie , Tang Mei-Tang , Yan Kai-Ming , Zhou Yun-Bin , Zhao Dong-Mei , Yuan You-Jin , Yang Jian-Cheng , Ma Xin-Wen , Zhu Lin-Fan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Dielectronic recombination (DR) rate coefficients for carbon-like Kr30+ have been measured over the collision energy of 0–60 eV using the heavy-ion storage ring CSRe at the Institute of Modern Physics in Lanzhou, China. The present DR spectrum covers the resonances associated with the

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core excitations. The corresponding DR resonance energies and strengths have been calculated by using the flexible atomic code (FAC) to understand the measured results. An overall agreement has been obtained between the experiment and theory, except for the data at the collision energies below 7 eV and in 35–38 eV, where the electronic correlation effect is strong. In particular, the resonances from the trielectronic recombination due to

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have been identified with the help of the FAC calculation. Temperature-dependent plasma recombination rate coefficients were derived from the measured DR rate coefficients for the temperature range 103–107 K and compared with our FAC calculations as well as the previous AUTOSTRUCTURE calculations by Zatsarinny et al (2004 Astron. Astrophys.
417 1173–81). The FAC and AUTOSTRUCTURE calculations are in good agreement with the presently derived plasma rate coefficients. The present work provides the benchmark data for astrophysical and laboratory plasma modeling.