bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOXP3 TSDR Measurement Could Assist Variant Classification and Diagnosis of IPEX Syndrome
Authors: Wyatt Rebecca C. , Olek Sven , De Franco Elisa , Samans Bjoern , Patel Kashyap , Houghton Jayne , Walter Steffi , Schulze Janika , Bacchetta Rosa , Hattersley Andrew T. , Flanagan Sarah E. , Johnson Matthew B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPathogenic FOXP3 variants cause immune dysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked (IPEX) syndrome, a progressive autoimmune disease resulting from disruption of the regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment. Assigning pathogenicity to novel variants in FOXP3 is challenging due to the heterogeneous phenotype and variable immunological abnormalities. The number of cells with demethylation at the Treg cell-specific demethylated region (TSDR) is an independent biomarker of IPEX. We aimed to investigate if diagnosing IPEX at presentation with isolated diabetes could allow for effective monitoring of disease progression and assess whether TSDR analysis can aid FOXP3 variant classification and predict disease course. We describe a large genetically diagnosed IPEX cohort (n = 65) and 13 individuals with other monogenic autoimmunity subtypes in whom we quantified the proportion of cells with FOXP3 TSDR demethylation, normalized to the number with CD4 demethylation (%TSDR/CD4) and compare them to 29 unaffected controls. IPEX patients presenting with isolated diabetes (50/65, 77%) often later developed enteropathy (20/50, 40%) with a median interval of 23.5 weeks. %TSDR/CD4 was a good discriminator of IPEX vs. unaffected controls (ROC-AUC 0.81, median 13.6% vs. 8.5%, p < 0.0001) with higher levels of demethylation associated with more severe disease. Patients with other monogenic autoimmunity had a similar %TSDR/CD4 to controls (median 8.7%, p = 1.0). Identifying increased %TSDR/CD4 in patients with novel FOXP3 mutations presenting with isolated diabetes facilitates diagnosis and could offer an opportunity to monitor patients and begin immune modulatory treatment before onset of severe enteropathy.
“I Need You!” Patients’ Care Dependency Patterns During Psychotherapy for Personality Disorders and Its Association with Symptom Reduction and Wish for Treatment Continuation
Authors: Geurtzen Naline , Karremans Johan C. , Keijsers Ger P. J. , Hutschemaekers Giel J. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDifferent views exist regarding the nature of patients’ dependency in psychotherapy (trait versus contextual dependency), and its impact on treatment outcome and duration. Therefore we examined whether patients’ levels of care dependency changed over time during a 9-month treatment period, and whether care dependency was related to symptom reduction and patients’ wish for treatment continuation at the end of the treatment. Participants in this longitudinal study were 113 patients (Mage = 33.6, 78% female) with personality disorders receiving inpatient or daycare group psychotherapy. Both increases and decreases on different aspects of care dependency were found over the course of treatment. Decreases in dependency were related to larger symptom reduction, and higher levels of care dependency, especially patients’ lack of perceived alternative options for the current treatment, were related to patients’ stronger wish to continue their treatment. Changes in care dependency during treatment mainly supports the contextual view on patients’ care dependency, and decreasing levels of dependency may have beneficial treatment effects. However, dependency may also lead to prolonged treatment duration. Clinical implications for therapists are presented.
A theoretical distribution analysis of synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) for imbalanced learning
Authors: Elreedy Dina , Atiya Amir F. , Kamalov Firuz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClass imbalance occurs when the class distribution is not equal. Namely, one class is under-represented (minority class), and the other class has significantly more samples in the data (majority class). The class imbalance problem is prevalent in many real world applications. Generally, the under-represented minority class is the class of interest. The synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) method is considered the most prominent method for handling unbalanced data. The SMOTE method generates new synthetic data patterns by performing linear interpolation between minority class samples and their K nearest neighbors. However, the SMOTE generated patterns do not necessarily conform to the original minority class distribution. This paper develops a novel theoretical analysis of the SMOTE method by deriving the probability distribution of the SMOTE generated samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work deriving a mathematical formulation for the SMOTE patterns’ probability distribution. This allows us to compare the density of the generated samples with the true underlying class-conditional density, in order to assess how representative the generated samples are. The derived formula is verified by computing it on a number of densities versus densities computed and estimated empirically.
Where the social meets the biological: new ontologies of biosocial race
Authors: Chellappoo Azita , Baedke Jan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, postgenomic research, and the fields of epigenetics and microbiome science in particular, have described novel ways in which social processes of racialization can become embodied and result in physiological and health-related racial difference. This new conception of biosocial race has important implications for philosophical debates on the ontology of race. We argue that postgenomic research on race exhibits two key biases in the way that racial schemas are deployed. Firstly, although the ‘new biosocial race’ has been characterized as social race entering into biological processes, it is only particular aspects of social race that are taken to cross the biosocial boundary, resulting in a distorted view of the social component of biosocial race. Secondly, racial categories are assumed to be stable across time and space. This assumption is epistemically limiting, as well as indicating a reliance on a fixed racial ontology. However, the causal pathways for the embodiment of social race, and the different possible modes of embodiment, that postgenomic science is uncovering themselves present a challenge for fixed or static racial ontologies. Given these tensions, we argue that the emerging picture of a shifting landscape of entanglement between the social and the biological requires us to increase the complexity of our ontologies of race, or even embrace a deflationary metaphysics of race.
Increased co-expression of stromal HHLA2 and fibroblast activation protein in upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Nishihara Daisaku , Kijima Toshiki , Arai Kyoko , Kamai Takao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2 (HHLA2; also known as B7 homolog 7 [B7-H7]) regulates immune responses. However, its immunoregulatory role in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear.

Methods
We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of HHLA2 and fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is a marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts, in UTUC tissues from 85 patients who underwent nephroureterectomy. The associations between the expressions of HHLA2 and FAP and clinicopathological characteristics were investigated.

Results
The increased expression of HHLA2 in tumor cells (t-HHLA2) was associated with a low histological grade, a negative lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and a low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, whereas an increased expression of HHLA2 in stromal cells (s-HHLA2) was associated with a high histological grade. No correlation was observed between the expression of t-HHLA2 and s-HHLA2. FAP was expressed only in the stromal cells (s-FAP). Positive s-FAP expression was significantly associated with increased s-HHLA2 expression, higher histological grade, higher pathological T stage, and positive LVI. Higher t-HHLA2 was associated with longer cancer-specific and progression-free survival. In contrast, positive s-FAP was associated with short progression-free survival.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that the progression of UTUC may involve increased co-expression of HHLA2 and FAP in the tumor stroma.
Novel Methods for Imputing Missing Values in Water Level Monitoring Data
Authors: Khampuengson Thakolpat , Wang Wenjia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHydrological data are collected automatically from remote water level monitoring stations and then transmitted to the national water management centre via telemetry system. However, the data received at the centre can be incomplete or anomalous due to some issues with the instruments such as power and sensor failures. Usually, the detected anomalies or missing data are just simply eliminated from the data, which could lead to inaccurate analysis or even false alarms. Therefore, it is very helpful to identify missing values and correct them as accurate as possible. In this paper, we introduced a new approach - Full Subsequence Matching (FSM), for imputing missing values in telemetry water level data. The FSM firstly identifies a sequence of missing values and replaces them with some constant values to create a dummy complete sequence. Then, searching for the most similar subsequence from the historical data. Finally, the identified subsequence will be adapted to fit the missing part based on their similarity. The imputation accuracy of the FSM was evaluated with telemetry water level data and compared to some well-established methods - Interpolation, k-NN, MissForest, and also a leading deep learning method - the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) technique. Experimental results show that the FSM technique can produce more precise imputations, particularly for those with strong periodic patterns.
Lithium Sorption/Desorption in Some Alkaline Soils: Modeling of the Kinetics Behavior
Authors: Elbana Tamer A. , Osman Mohamed A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlobal concern over lithium (Li) in the environment has significantly increased due to its widespread uses. However, the literature review on Li kinetics in alkaline soils is scant. Hence, batch experiments were conducted to quantify and simulate the retention and release of Li in sandy and sandy clay loam alkaline soils. Sorption isotherms were fitted using Freundlich and Langmuir equations. Second-order two site (SOTS) and multi-reaction (MRM) models were applied to simulate sorption/desorption kinetic data. Results revealed the nonlinear behavior of Li sorption isotherms in both studied soils. The maximum sorption capacity (Smax) for the sandy clay loam soil (1268.6 mg kg−1) was three-fold higher than the sandy soil (368.9 mg kg−1) after 7 days of equilibration. The sandy soil and sandy clay loam soils exhibited distinctive kinetic Li sorption/desorption behavior. MRM and SOTS models described Li sorption/desorption kinetic well by considering the reversible and irreversible reactions in alkaline soils. Results indicate that sandy soil exhibits a time-dependent sorption behavior and a restricted desorption kinetic. In contrast, the sandy clay loam exhibited a limited time-dependent Li sorption, while the kinetic behavior was observed during the desorption reaction.
Graphical abstract
Perception of the prognostic impact of physical activity among cancer survivors: a narrative review
Authors: Suzuki Katsuyoshi , Naito Tateaki , Okayama Taro , Yonenaga Yusuke , Kitagawa Midori , Sato Rika , Suzuki Keisuke , Ishii Takeshi , Mitsuhashi Noriko , Uehara Ryusuke , Shimizu Aruu , Nishizawa Tamae , Fuseya Hiroshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Little is known about cancer survivors’ perceptions of the prognostic impact of physical activity (PA) and the association between perceptions and PA. Therefore, the present narrative review aimed to identify cancer survivors' perceptions of the prognostic impact of PA, perception barriers, and association with PA.

Methods
A literature search was performed via PubMed and Scopus with search terms including “physical activity”, “cancer survivor”, and “perception” in November 2022. Inclusion criteria were studies that investigated cancer survivors’ perceptions of the prognostic impact of PA written in English. Studies were excluded for patients undergoing cancer treatment or advanced cancer patients only.

Results
Our search identified a total of 13,080 articles, and 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. The study sample size ranged from 8 to 1003 participants. Most studies showed that cancer survivors poorly understood the prognostic impact of PA. Perception barriers were cited as a lack of advice from health care professionals (HCPs). Several studies reported a positive association between the perception of the prognostic impact of PA and actual PA.

Conclusions
This narrative review revealed that most reports showed that cancer survivors have a poor perception of the prognostic impact of PA. In addition, the lack of advice from HCPs may also be contributing to the lack of perception among cancer survivors. Therefore, to increase the amount of PA among cancer survivors, it is necessary to improve the perception of the prognostic impact of PA in both cancer survivors and HCPs.
High temporal resolution records of outdoor and indoor airborne microplastics
Authors: Boakes Lucy C. , Patmore Ian R. , Bancone Chiara E. P. , Rose Neil L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There is increasing concern regarding airborne microplastics, but to date, studies have typically used coarse interval sampling (a day or longer) to generate deposition and concentration estimates. In this proof-of-concept study, we used a Burkard volumetric spore trap (intake 10 L min−1; recording airborne particulates onto an adhesive-coated tape moving at 2 mm hr−1) to assess whether this approach has potential to record airborne microplastics at an hourly resolution, thereby providing detailed diurnal patterns. Simultaneous sampling at outdoor and indoor locations at rural and urban sites showed clear daily and weekly patterns in microplastic concentrations which may be related to people and vehicle movement. Indoor residential concentrations of suspected microplastics were the highest (reaching hourly concentrations of 40–50 m−3), whilst rural outdoor concentrations were very low (typically 1–2 m−3 h−1). Whilst the approach shows great potential for high resolution data generation, further development is required for spectroscopic analysis and hence chemical confirmation of visual microplastic identification.
Inkonsistent einseitig
Authors: Maurer Marcus , Jost Pablo , Kruschinski Simon , Haßler Jörg 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Medienberichterstattung über Geflüchtete wird von einem großen Teil der deutschen Bevölkerung als einseitig wahrgenommen. Inhaltsanalysen zeigen allerdings sehr unterschiedliche Befunde: Während einige Studien eine einseitig positive Berichterstattung konstatieren, kommen andere zu dem Ergebnis, die Berichterstattung sei einseitig negativ. Dabei handelt es sich jedoch meist um Querschnittstudien im Zusammenhang mit besonders spektakulären Ereignissen von unterschiedlicher Valenz. Zudem werden oft nur wenige Medien und wenige Indikatoren für Einseitigkeit betrachtet. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht deshalb erstmals die Berichterstattung von sechs deutschen Leitmedien über Geflüchtete in einem Zeitraum von fast sechs Jahren (Mai 2015 bis Dezember 2020) anhand verschiedener Indikatoren für Einseitigkeit. Eine manuelle Inhaltsanalyse von 8185 Medienbeiträgen zeigt, dass insgesamt zwei konfligierende Narrative die Berichterstattung dominierten: Geflüchtete wurden als Menschen in Not charakterisiert, die aus humanitären Gründen aufgenommen werden müssen, und gleichzeitig als Sicherheitsrisiko für die deutsche Bevölkerung beschrieben. Im Zeitverlauf zeigten sich ereignisabhängig erhebliche Schwankungen in Menge und Tendenz der Berichterstattung. Zugleich war aber auch ein Trend zu weniger und negativerer Berichterstattung erkennbar. Ursachen und vermutliche Folgen dieser Berichterstattungsmuster werden im Beitrag diskutiert.
High-Sensitivity Early Detection Biomedical Sensor for Tuberculosis With Low Losses in the Terahertz Regime Based on Photonic Crystal Fiber Technology
Authors: Mohammed Nazmi A. , Khedr Omar E. , El-Rabaie El-Sayed M. , Khalaf Ashraf A. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTuberculosis is one of the most contagious and lethal illnesses in the world, according to the World Health Organization. Tuberculosis had the leading mortality rate as a result of a single infection, ranking above HIV/AIDS. Early detection is an essential factor in patient treatment and can improve the survival rate. Detection methods should have high mobility, high accuracy, fast detection, and low losses. This work presents a novel biomedical photonic crystal fiber sensor, which can accurately detect and distinguish between the different types of tuberculosis bacteria. The designed sensor detects these types with high relative sensitivity and negligible losses compared to other photonic crystal fiber-based biomedical sensors. The proposed sensor exhibits a relative sensitivity of 90.6%, an effective area of 4.342×10−8m2, with a negligible confinement loss of 3.13×10−9cm−1, a remarkably low effective material loss of 0.0132cm−1, and a numerical aperture of 0.3462. The proposed sensor is capable of operating in the terahertz regimes over a wide range (1 THz–2.4THz). An abbreviated review of non-optical detection techniques is also presented. An in-depth comparison between this work and recent related photonic crystal fiber-based literature is drawn to validate the efficacy and authenticity of the proposed design.
Design, fabrication, and evaluation of functionally graded triply periodic minimal surface structures fabricated by 3D printing
Authors: Hassan Ibrahim M. , Enab Tawakol A. , Fouda Noha , Eldesouky Ibrahim 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCellular structures are a favorite selection for the design of lightweight components and energy absorption applications due to several advantages such as their customizable stiffness and strength. In this investigation, functionally graded (FG) triply periodic minimal surfaces, Schoen-IWP (SIWP), and Schwarz primitive (SPrim) cellular structures were fabricated by masked stereolithography (MSLA) technique using ABS-like gray resin. The sample morphology, deformation behavior, mechanical characteristics, and energy absorption of graded and uniform structures were studied using experimental compression tests. The FG sample structures exhibited layer-by-layer collapse delaying shear failure. On the other hand, uniform samples showed complete diagonal shear failure. The total energy absorption to the densification point was 0.52 MJ/m3 and 0.58 MJ/m3 for graded and uniform SIWP, respectively. Additionally, the absorbed energy of the graded SPrim structure was 0.59 MJ/m3 while the uniform one absorbed 0.27 MJ/m3. The investigations showed that the graded SPrim absorbed more energy with high densification strain during the compression test.
The Experience of ER Nurses in Lebanese Hospitals, During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Chaiban Cedric Georges , Maamari Olivia , Issa Sahar T. , Asmar Michèle Kosremelli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The increasing number of COVID-19 cases, as well as the overwhelming workload, constitutes a serious occupational health threat to Emergency Room (ER) nurses working on the frontlines. In Lebanon, where unstable socio-economic conditions reign, the Covid-19 outbreak was added to the plethora of daily challenges faced by healthcare workers. The study’s objective is to explore how Lebanese ER nurses perceived their duty on the frontlines amid the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods:
This study employed a descriptive exploratory qualitative design. 15 Lebanese ER nurses working directly with Covid-19 patients were recruited from 3 university hospitals in Beirut. Interviews were held for data collection until data saturation. Subsequent analysis was done via coding of the transcribed verbatim.

Results:
The findings showed significant gaps related to preparedness, support, and governmental action. Similarly, the frontliners faced serious challenges that increased their stress levels both physically and mentally. Furthermore, some participants were subject to stigma and had to face irresponsible behaviors during triage. Participants emphasized the need to guarantee a safe environment at work, to provide Covid-19 patients with the needed care.

Conclusions:
ER nurses struggled during this pandemic while working on the frontlines. They described their experience as not satisfying, with high levels of stress, danger, and challenges.
-ADIC QUOTIENT SETS: LINEAR RECURRENCE SEQUENCES
Authors: ANTONY DEEPA , BARMAN RUPAM 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLet$(x_n)_{n\geq 0}$be a linear recurrence of order$k\geq 2$satisfying$x_n=a_1x_{n-1}+a_2x_{n-2}+\cdots +a_kx_{n-k}$for all integers$n\geq k$, where$a_1,\ldots ,a_k,x_0,\ldots , x_{k-1}\in \mathbb {Z},$with$a_k\neq 0$. Sanna [‘The quotient set ofk-generalised Fibonacci numbers is dense in$\mathbb {Q}_p$’,Bull. Aust. Math. Soc.96(1) (2017), 24–29] posed the question of classifying primespfor which the quotient set of$(x_n)_{n\geq 0}$is dense in$\mathbb {Q}_p$. We find a sufficient condition for denseness of the quotient set of thekth-order linear recurrence$(x_n)_{n\geq 0}$satisfying$ x_{n}=a_1x_{n-1}+a_2x_{n-2}+\cdots +a_kx_{n-k}$for all integers$n\geq k$with initial values$x_0=\cdots =x_{k-2}=0,x_{k-1}=1$, where$a_1,\ldots ,a_k\in \mathbb {Z}$and$a_k=1$. We show that, given a primep, there are infinitely many recurrence sequences of order$k\geq 2$whose quotient sets are not dense in$\mathbb {Q}_p$. We also study the quotient sets of linear recurrence sequences with coefficients in certain arithmetic and geometric progressions.
The effects of N-acetylcysteine on ovulation and sex hormones profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shahveghar Asl Zahra , Parastouei Karim , Eskandari Eslam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases characterised by unusual levels of sex hormones and dysfunction of the ovaries. The infertility rate is high among patients with PCOS. Unusual hormonal status can lead to the inability of ovaries to release functional and mature follicles. Clinical trials on the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation on ovulation and sex hormones profile in women with PCOS have been controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the potential effects of NAC supplementation on ovulation and sex hormones profile. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central library international databases were searched till September 2021. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects approach in case of significant between-study heterogeneity. Eighteen studies, including 2185 participants, were included in the present meta-analysis. NAC significantly reduced total testosterone (TT) levels (standardised mean difference (SMD): −0·25 ng/ml; 95 % CI (−0·39, −0·10); ‘P < 0·001’, I2 = 53·9 %, P = 0·034) and increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (SMD: 0·39 mg/ml; 95 % CI (0·07, 0·71); P = 0·01, I2 = 70·9 %, P = 0·002). Oestrogen levels also increased after correcting publication bias. However, no significant effect was observed on the number of follicles, endometrial thickness, progesterone, serum luteinising hormone levels and sex hormone-binding globulin. The results indicated that NAC supplementation decreased TT levels and increased FSH levels. Overall, NAC supplementation might be effective in the improvement of reproductive system function in patients with PCOS.