bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pamiparib Combined with Surufatinib for the Neoadjuvant Treatment of Unresectable Ovarian Cancer: A Single-Arm, Prospective, Single-Center Clinical Study Protocol
Authors: Jiang Wenjing , Chen Yao , Shan Wulin , Shen Wei , Tian Yuan , Chen Yu , Chen Xi-Xi , Wu Wen-Jun , Ma Yan , Wang Jia-Fei , Qi Wen-Cai , Wang Zeng-Ying , Li Xiao-Yu , Huang Xu , Lin Hao , Hong Bao-Li , Chen Ji-Ming , Xia Bai-Rong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian cancer is a gynecological malignancy with a high incidence and mortality. Optimal tumor reduction surgery is crucial for improving the prognosis of advanced ovarian cancer patients. Traditional platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can increase the chances of surgical treatment for advanced ovarian cancer and reduce the difficulty of surgery. However, NACT has limited benefits for patients. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) combined with antiangiogenic treatment increase the clinical benefits to ovarian cancer patients. Therefore, we hypothesize that PARPis combined with antiangiogenic neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) can improve the R0 resection rate of advanced ovarian cancer while avoiding platinum resistance caused by NACT.
Methods
This study is a prospective, interventional, single-arm, open-label, phase II clinical trial. Patients with stage III or IV advanced ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal cancer, and fallopian tube cancer (collectively referred to as ovarian cancer per the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging 2018) who are unable to achieve R0 tumor reduction surgery after imaging or laparoscopic evaluation or cannot tolerate surgery will be recruited. The patient will receive NAT with three cycles of pamiparib combined with surufatinib (pamiparib: 40 mg, twice daily, 3 weeks per cycle, treatment for three cycles; surufatinib: 250 mg, once daily, 3 weeks per cycle, treatment for two cycles), followed by surgery. The main endpoint will be the assessment of the R0 resection rate. The secondary study endpoints will be the objective response rate (ORR), pathological complete response (pCR), event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs).
Discussion
This is the first prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PARPis combined with antiangiogenic therapy for newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. Drug combinations are a key component in experimental design. We hope that this promising treatment strategy can provide new options for patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05652283. Registered on 27 November 2022.
Maximum Likelihood instead of Least Squares in fracture analysis by means of a simple Excel sheet with VBA macro
Authors: Guerriero Vincenzo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This short note illustrates a linear regression algorithm based on Maximum Likelihood Estimation, with related Excel sheet and VBA program, adapted to the case of fracture aperture data sets in which sampling of smallest values was problematic. The method has been tested using Monte Carlo simulations and exhibits surprisingly better convergence against Least Squares criterion. As the method is conceptually simple and, following the here illustrated indications, the relative spreadsheet is easily achievable, it may be routinely used instead of the Least Squares in fracture analysis, as well as all those numerous cases in geology and geophysics in which there are systematic biases at the lower limits of the sampling scale.
Oral health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms in older adults: Longitudinal associations of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)
Authors: Zwick Luisa , Schmitz Norbert , Shojaa Mahdieh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the relationship between oral health status and depressive symptoms in older adults in England. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between oral health parameters and depressive symptoms in older adults in England.
Methods
Data were obtained from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA), which included information on self-rated oral health, oral impairment in daily life (Oral Impacts on Daily Performances, OIDP), and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CES-D) in 6790 adults aged ≥ 50 years. Wave 3 data were used as baseline, while Waves 5 and 7 were used for follow-up assessments. Logistic regression was used to determine whether depressive symptoms at baseline predicted self-rated oral health and OIDP and whether oral health status (at baseline) was associated with the development of depressive symptoms at follow-up assessment.
Results
Participants with poor self-rated oral health were at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms, even after adjusting for behavioural, clinical, and sociodemographic characteristics (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.38–2.07). Similar results were reported for the presence of one or more oral conditions: The OR for developing depressive symptoms at Wave 5 or 7 was 2.19 (95% CI 1.62–2.96). Participants with depressive symptoms at baseline were more likely to report poor self-rated oral health (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.52–2.44) or one or more oral impacts (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.45–2.40) at follow-up than those without depressive symptoms.
Conclusions
In the present study, a bidirectional association was found between depressive symptoms and poor oral health in older adults. Maintaining good oral health in older adults may be a protective factor against depressive symptoms. Therefore, more attention should be paid to promoting oral health awareness in older adults, including encouraging regular dental checkups, proper toothbrushing and flossing techniques, and healthy lifestyles.
Mental Health and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Single-Center Structural Equation Model
Authors: Jafree Sara Rizvi , Naveed Ammara , Ahsan Humna , Burhan Syeda Khadija , Khan Masha Asad , Khawar Amna , Fischer Florian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is one of the leading disease burdens in Pakistan. Until now, there has only been limited focus in the country on providing health services through tertiary services in urban cities, whereas there is almost no research in Pakistan on the mental health and quality of life of CLD patients. This study aimed to understand which predictors influence the mental health and quality of life of CLD patients in order to advise better policy protection.
Methods
Data was collected from CLD patients at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 850 respondents were part of the final sample.
Results
Mean results reveal that female as well as illiterate patients need more support for mental health and communication with their physician; whereas men need more support to develop coping strategies. Structural equation modelling results reveal that the severity of symptoms (β = 0.24, p < 0.001), coping strategies (β=-0.51, p < 0.001), and doctor communication (β=-0.35, p < 0.001) predict mental health. Quality of life is associated with the severity of symptoms (β=-0.36, p < 0.001), coping strategies (β = 0.26, p < 0.05), and doctor communication (β = 0.09, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
A ‘bio-psycho-social-spiritual’ model is recommended for Pakistan’s CLD patients which includes the integration of social officers to provide support in four key areas to secure mental health and quality of life of patients.
An Effective COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Intervention Focused on the Relative Risks of Vaccination and Infection
Authors: Byerley Cameron , Horne Dru , Gong Mina , Musgrave Stacy , Valaas Laura , Rickard Brian , Yoon Hyunkyoung , Park Min Sook , Mirin Alison , Joshua Surani , Lavender Heather , You Sukjin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We designed the Relative Risk Tool (RRT) to give people access to the same quantitative peer-reviewed information about the risks and benefits of vaccination that professionals use to make determinations about approving vaccines. Based on our initial qualitative research and the known associations between concern about vaccination risk and vaccine hesitancy, we hypothesized that the RRT would change some people’s assessment of relative risk of vaccination and infection and reduce vaccine hesitancy. We surveyed U.S. residents in May 2022 (N = 400) and November 2022 (N = 615). We found 38.5% (May) and 34.1% (November) thought vaccination was at least as risky for them as infection, and risk perception was associated with future vaccination intent. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to understand how vaccination intent changed after being randomly assigned to view information about the relative risks of vaccination and infection from the RRT or the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Both the RRT and CDC information increased intention to accept vaccines, but the RRT information had larger effect size. The RRT is novel because it provides accurate information about the risks of serious adverse outcomes to vaccination and still increases vaccination intent.
Epidemiology of coronary heart disease risk factors in central Iran: a 10-year cohort study
Authors: hassanabadi Mohammadtaghi Sareban , Mirjalili Seyed Reza , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Kraemer Alexander , bafghi Seyed Mahmood Sadr 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
As a result of its unique lifestyle, culture, and genetic characteristics, central Iran exhibits differences in coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor prevalence and impact. Therefore, investigating the epidemiology of CHD risk factors and their effects on CHD events in this region is of particular significance.
Methods
Two-thousand participants of a community-based Iranian population, aged 20–74 years, were investigated with a mean follow-up of 9.9 years (range: 7.6 to 12.2). An analysis of Cox regression was conducted to determine the association between CHD development and classic risk factors like age, gender, smoking, socioeconomic status, physical activity, education, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. For risk factors and protective factors, attributed risk percentages and absolute risk reductions were calculated.
Results
After a follow-up period of nearly 10 years, a total of 225 CHD events were reported, accounting for 14.5% of the participants. Most participants had more than one risk factor. Age was the most critical risk factor. In comparison to females, male gender had a HR of 1.45 (CI: 1.11–1.90, p-value = 0.006) for developing CHD. Socioeconomic status and BMI were not significantly associated with CHD. Nearly 80% of the patients had dyslipidemia with a hazard ratio of 2.19 (CI: 1.40–3.44, p = 0.01). Hypertension with prevalence of 28.9% and pre-hypertension with prevalence of 52% were significant risk factors. Diabetes with a prevalence of 19.76% had a HR of 2.70 (CI: 2.07–3.53), but pre-diabetes was not significantly associated with CHD. Awareness of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension were 81%, 27.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. Regarding medication usage, the corresponding percentages were 51% for diabetes, 13.2% for dyslipidemia, and 41% for hypertension.
Conclusions
Compared to neighboring countries and other parts of the world, classical CHD risk factors are highly prevalent in Iran. This can prompt Iranian healthcare policy makers to change their strategies.
Analysis of platinum-based anticancer injections cisplatin and carboplatin in body fluids blood serum and urine of carcinogenic patients by photometry, fluorometry, liquid chromatography using Schiff-base 2-oxo-propanoic acid- N- phenylhydrazonecarbothioamide as derivatizing reagent
Authors: Khokhar Faiz Muhammad , Jahangir Taj Muhammad , Khuhawar Muhammad Yar , Khaskheli Mazhar Iqbal , Khokhar Laeeq Ahmed Khan , Abro Muhammad Ilyas , Khaskheli Murad Ali , Muqaddisa Pirh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Photometric, fluorometric and liquid chromatographic methods were proposed to analyze platinum(II) from cis-platin and carbo-platin injections after derivatization with reagent 2-oxo-propanoic acid N-phenylhydrazonecarbothioamide. The reagent reacted with metals Au(III), Ag(I), Mn(II), Pt(II), Mo(VI), V(V/IV) to develop their characteristic colors in the pH range 3–12 and were extracted in organic solvent trichloromethane. The photoluminescent behaviour of ligand and its metal complexes was investigated to correlate the emission pattern. Liquid chromatographic method was also proposed to analyze cis-platin and carbo-platin anti-cancer drugs based on the pre-column derivatizing platinum(II) with ligand. The complex of platinum was separated and eluted from HPLC column Microsorb C-18, (150 cm x 4.6 mm i.d, 5µm) comprising eluents - tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (1mM)-sodium acetate (1mM)-acetonitrile-water-methanol (02:02:06:22:68 v/v/v/v/v). Metals gold(III), silver(I), manganese(II), vanadium(IV/V), molybdenum(VI) were also separated completely. The linear calibration range 0.5–2.5 µg/mL was observed following Beer’s law with detection limit of 150.00 ng/mL platinum(II). The determination of cis-platin and carbo-platin injections by photometric, fluorometric and chromatographic methods showed RSD (n = 3) 1.14–3.12, 0.98–2.84, 0.92–2.72% respectively. The developed methods were employed to analyze cis-platin in samples of serum and urine of carcinogenic patients undergoing chemotherapy and platinum amounts were observed within 45.0—86.0, 49.0—91.0, 42.0—84.0 ng.mL− 1 and 82.0—398, 81.0—389, 74.0—391 ng.mL− 1 with relative standard deviation (n = 4) of 2.28—3.88, 2.40—3.82, 2.52—3.82% and 2.52—3.91, 2.44—3.94, 1.98—3.24% by liquid chromatographic, fluorometric and photometric techniques respectively.
Outcome of right ventricular microaxial pump support in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Marta Medina , Zada Mahmoud , Theuerkauf Nils , Duerr Georg Daniel , Zimmer Sebastian , Treede Hendrik , Oezkur Mehmet 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Right ventricular failure (RVF) after cardiac surgery is associated with an in-hospital mortality rate of up to 75%. Axial flow pumps are one of the mechanical circulatory support (MCS) options available for the treatment of RVF, however the specifics of timing and indication for MCS, as well as predictors for survival, remain unclear due to a dearth published data. We evaluated the clinical outcome of patients treated with Impella RP for predictors of mortality and the hemodynamic effects of the pump. This is a single-center retrospective observational study involving adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass between January 2019 and December 2020 in cardiac surgery and required therapeutic management of RVF with an Impella RP. Overall, 18 patients were included and analyzed for factors that could be associated with mortality, or that could be predictors of patient outcomes for this population. Treatment of RVF with Impella-RP improved the patient hemodynamics significantly and had a survival rate of 61% within 30 days. Patients with isolated CABG or better liver function before implantation had a better survival rate, which may indicate that underlying disease and timing of implantation are significant for successful treatment of RVF.
Establishment and characterization of porcin trophoblast stem cell lines from somatic cell nuclear-transferred blastocysts
Authors: Kim Eunhye , Cai Lian , Choi Hyerin , Kim Mirae , Hyun Sang-Hwan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Genetically modified pigs are considered ideal models for studying human diseases and potential sources for xenotransplantation research. However, the somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique utilized to generate these cloned pig models has low efficiency and fetuses exhibit limited developmental potential for abnormalities in the placenta.
Methods: Herein, we report, for the first time, the establishment of porcine trophoblast stem cell (TSC) lines using SCNT and in vitro fertilized (IVF) blastocysts by activation of Wing-less/Integrated (Wnt) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) pathways, inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathways, and supplementation with ascorbic acid. We also compared the transcripts of TSC lines originating from SCNT and IVF embryos and their differentiated lineages.
Results: A total of 19 porcine TSC lines were established from SCNT and IVF blastocysts (TSCNT and TSCIVF lines) showing typical TSC characteristics. Compared with the TSCIVF lines, TSCNT lines showed distinct expression patterns suggesting unique TSCNT characteristics, including decreased mRNA expression levels of genes related to apposition, steroid hormone biosynthesis, angiopoiesis, and RNA stability.
Conclusions: This study provides valuable information and a powerful model for studying the abnormal development and dysfunction of trophoblasts and placentas in cloned pigs.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Opioid Use Disorder among Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease in Mulago Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Kwagala Claire , Mwesiga Emmanuel Kiiza , Abbo Catherine , Muhwezi Winstons , Munube Deogratias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Opioid use disorder among adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD) patients increases their risk of complications from sickle cell disease such as infections, stroke, acute chest syndrome, sudden death, and organ failure. This not only has a negative impact on families and communities but also to the national health system and economy.
Aim
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with opioid use disorder among adolescents with SCD at Mulago Hospital Uganda.
Setting
This study was carried out at the Sickle Cell Clinic of Mulago Hospital, the national referral hospital in Uganda
Methods
Study participants were adolescents aged 10-19years. Following informed consent/ assent, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the WHO Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test- Young (ASSIST-Y), the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaires were used to collect data. Data was entered in EpiInfo and analyzed in STATA 15.
Results We enrolled 384 participants and after cleaning of data, our final sample size included 381 participants. The prevalence of opioid use disorder was 5.3%. The significant risk factor was increasing depressive score OR: 1.11(95% CI: 1.01-1.22, p=0.035), while living with a family was protective against opioid use disorders OR: 0.01; (95% CI: 0.0004, 0.27, p=0.007).
Conclusion: There was a significant problem of Opioid Use Disorder among adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease. There is therefore need to integrate screening of OUD and mental illness like depression among adolescents with SCD and to emphasize the importance of family support in their care.
Addressing Anti-Black Racism in an Academic Preterm Birth Initiative: Perspectives from a Mixed Methods Case Study
Authors: Rutman Shira P. , Borgen Natasha , Spellen Solaire , King Dante D. , Decker Martha J. , Rand Larry , Cobbins Alexis , Brindis Claire D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Growing recognition of racism perpetuated within academic institutions has given rise to anti-racism efforts in these settings. In June 2020, the university-based California Preterm Birth Initiative (PTBi) committed to an Anti-Racism Action Plan outlining an approach to address anti-Blackness. This case study assessed perspectives on PTBi’s anti-racism efforts to support continued growth toward racial equity within the initiative.
Methods: This mixed methods case study included an online survey with multiple choice and open-ended survey items (n = 27) and key informant interviews (n = 8) of leadership, faculty, staff, and trainees working within the initiative. Survey and interview questions focused on perspectives about individual and organizational anti-racism competencies, perceived areas of initiative success, and opportunities for improvement. Qualitative interview and survey data were coded and organized into common themes within assessment domains.
Results: Most survey respondents reported they felt competent in all the assessed anti-racism skills, including foundational knowledge and responding to workplace racism. They also felt confident in PTBi’s commitment to address anti-Blackness. Fewer respondents were clear on strategic plans, resources allocated, and how the anti-racism agenda was being implemented. Suggestions from both data sources included further operationalizing and communicating commitments, integrating an anti-racism lens across all activities, ensuring accountability including staffing and funding consistent with anti-racist approaches, persistence in hiring Black faculty, providing professional development and support for Black staff, and addressing unintentional interpersonal harms to Black individuals.
Conclusions: This case study contributes key lessons which move beyond individual-level and theoretical approaches towards transparency and accountability in academic institutions aiming to address anti-Black racism. Even with PTBi’s strong commitment and efforts towards racial equity, these case study findings illustrate that actions must have sustained support by the broader institution and include leadership commitment, capacity-building via ongoing coaching and training, broad incorporation of anti-racism practices and procedures, continuous learning, and ongoing accountability for both short- and longer-term sustainable impact.
ALK inhibitor and chemotherapy combinations in ALK translocated NSCLC models
Authors: Luukkainen Milla E K , Koivunen Jussi Pekka 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Randomized trials have shown a benefit of combining TKI and chemotherapy in the treatment of EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In ALK + NSCLC, prospective trial results of the combination are not available, and this has not thoroughly been investigated in vitro. In this study, we investigated TKI and chemotherapy combinations using in vitro models of ALK + NSCLC.
Materials and Methods
We used ALK + cell line models H3122, H2228 and DFCI032 with variable sensitivity to ALK cTKIs. We investigated short (MTS assay) and long-term (colony formation) cytotoxicity, apoptosis and cell signaling in response to combinations. We selected the most commonly clinical used agents alectinib, cisplatin, and pemetrexed to investigate the combination effects.
Results
In the combination experiments with short-term exposure, synergism between TKI and pemetrexed was seen while cisplatin had antagonistic effects. In the long-term experiments, cisplatin and TKI had synergism in all the lines while no synergism was observed with pemetrexed. Of the chemotherapy and TKI sequence, cisplatin followed by TKI was more cytotoxic than the opposite in two out of three models. In the TKI sensitive H3122 cell line, chemotherapy and TKI combination increased apoptosis. Interestingly, pemetrexed treatment resulted in activation of ALK which could be abolished with TKI.
Conclusions
Combining TKI and chemotherapy in ALK + models have some potential synergistic effects. However, the synergy varies on the used chemotherapeutic agent, used cytotoxic assay, and tested cell line. Prospective clinical trials are warranted to fully characterize the potential of combination chemotherapy to TKIs in ALK + NSCLC.