bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administrative Plan for Reforestation of the Nineveh Forest for the Period 2019-2029
Authors: Al-Bek Muzahim Saeed , Rashid Faiza Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Forests are a moving ecosystem, so it is in a state of continuous movement with time due to the entry of new elements and the exit of others as a result of physiological death or cutting as a result of human activities, from that we see that the forest is in a state of continuous change in the area of the crown coverage of its trees, so the trees of the Nineveh forest include many species Trees, and eucalyptus trees are the largest part, and these trees were exposed to many environmental and social symptoms that led to their decline and affected their trees to a large extent, which requires identifying these changes during the last period, through the use of a space statement of the Landsat satellite for two periods of time (2010-2018) M, to prepare maps to extract information about the disturbances that occurred in the past, which led to their decline. In this study, we used nearly a decade of data to derive an estimate of the spatial changes that occurred in the forest trees of Nineveh. We have shown the area of crown coverage of trees for the two time periods, and the area of crown coverage in 2010 AD was 116.51 hectares, while the area of crown coverage in 2018 AD was 109.27 hectares. The area of the forest and the spatial area of the species change significantly for the different types of trees in the forest.
The Response of Moringa oleifera Lam. Nodes to Multiply on MS and WPM Media Supplemented with Different Concentrations of BA and Kin
Authors: Al-Hamidi Alaa Omar Ahmed , Bashi Ammar Zaki Amin Kassab , Hadedy Sumood Hussan Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted at the laboratory of Plant Cells and Tissue Culture/Department of Forestry Sciences in the College of Agriculture and Forestry/the University of Mosul, during the year 2021-2022 AD on Moringa oleifera Lam. to spread the In vitro propagation. The effect of the type of nutrient medium (MS and WPM) and the type of cytokinin 6-Benzyladenine (BA) at the concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) mg.l−1 and Kinetin (Kin) at concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) mg.l−1 In the growth and multiplication of single nodes prepared from seedlings at 21 day. After eight weeks of cultivation, the results showed that there was a significant effect of the type of nutrient medium on the growth and multiplication of single nodes, as the MS medium was superior to the WPM medium in the number of shoots and leaves per single node. The best result was (6.4 and 4.7 shoot/node and 34.5 and 27.3 leaf/node) on the leaves, respectively, BA was also significantly superior to Kin in the number of shoots and the number of leaves per node which achieved (10.4 and 2.7 shoots/node and 52.1 and 19.5 leaves/node), respectively. On the other hand, the interaction (0.75 mg.l−1 BA with 4 mg.l−1Kin) in MS media caused the highest rate of the number of shoots and number of leaves achieved (19.6 shoots/node and 82.9 leaves/node), respectively.
Response of Albizia (Albizia lebbeek) Seedlings Growth for Nano Fertilizers Application
Authors: Al-Jibouri Afak Ibrahim Jumaa , Kahlel Abdel-Monnem Sadalaha , Naki Hisham Hassan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Plant Production, Technical Agricultural College, Mosul, Iraq, in the spring of 2020 to examine the effects of two different types of nano fertilizers (complex fertilizer K 27% and S 13%, Zn 11.5%, Mn 6.5%, Fe 7.5%, and citric acid 3.5%). on albizia seedlings using three application techniques (spraying, adding to the soil, and spraying plus adding to the soil). On February 15th, the seeds were sown in plastic containers, and after the second true leaf, they were transferred to plastic bags. The Nano fertilizers were applying at 2 gm. L.−1 focus four times a month starting in the first of the year. May, after the plant has developed its fourth true leaf. A factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design and three replicates was used to set up the treatments. Plant length, leaf count, Stem diameter, chlorophyll content (SPAD), fresh weight, and dry weight of vegetative growth and roots are all significantly increased after nano fertilizers are added via spraying and soil amendment. Also, when compared to K nano and the control group, all of the parameters show substantial increases after using Complex Nanofertilizer. All parameters show a significant effect from the treatments that involve interactions between nano fertilizers and applying methods.
Valuing Green Space in University Environment: Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Hashim Nur Idzhainee , Tutong Fatin Athira , Hashim Nor Hanisah Mohd , Nasir Nurul Akmaniza Mohd , Ahmad Che Bon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Green areas are an important area to positive health and well – being for university environment. However, many universities in Malaysia have gone through many physical changes due to the needs of more space’s for parking, new buildings and off – campus housing area. Many studies had done by researchers who previously only focused on the benefits to those who live in urban areas. There are two objectives for this study: i) To identify the benefits of engagements in green space among university students ii) To study the challenges of university students to engage in green space activity. The study was conducted through quantitative method by using questionnaires randomly distributed to (n=300) respondents. The purpose of this study is to ensure that university students recognize what green areas are and the benefits uses of green areas for them. Overall, this study will be exposed on the importance of green areas in life and the needs to improve campus green spaces resulting in a more appropriate campus environment for the students.
Evaluating the Residential Outdoor Environment for the Elderly in Shuiqinggou, Qingdao, China using the Seniors’ Outdoor Survey Tool
Authors: Lu J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As China’s elderly population grows, residential areas need to provide an outdoor environment for their physical and mental health in good condition. Many studies have found that better outdoor environments in residential areas can improve the health of the elderly and increase their happiness. The Seniors’ Outdoor Survey (SOS) tool was developed as an effective and reliable assessment tool to evaluate the needs and preferences of the elderly in outdoor spaces. This study used the SOS tool to evaluate Shuiqinggou Park in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. The outdoor environment is divided into three parts for five domains of evaluation. The final average score of the whole environment is 84.35, the percentage is 86.9% compared with the total score, the Inter-rater ICC among trainers is 0.917, and the T-test value is 0.799. Through the results of the tools, it can be concluded that Shuiqinggou Park is a favorable outdoor space suitable and safe for the elderly. The study’s findings can help project managers and designers identify the essential outdoor characteristics for future construction and maintenance prioritization.
Determinant of architectural features of Istana Bandar Alaeddin Selangor
Authors: Bujang N , Misni A , Raub A B A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Architecture developed by humanity is the most sophisticated phenomenon relevant to the context of the environment, which is the context in which man and his environment interact with each other, were an essential component of architectural heritage growth. In this study, the main purpose is to look at the presence of art man-made construction of the palace, a building that played a significant role in the history of Malaysia. In this study context, a palace can be an olden history meant a residence for the ruler or head of the state, and often served as a place of administration. This palace can be seen in Malaysia for a certain period. This study will address the closely related evolution of the architectural features of the Palace in Malaysia that can be seen from the pre-colonial period, the colonial era, and before independence. The method of this study used a qualitative researcher observation. Architecture elements and features will adequately determine. Istana Bandar Alaeddin was chosen and considered a unique design element of royal palace architecture. The spatial organization of the palace is put together to make it work the way it does. The primary result shows that the conquerors of the past events made their influence touch on the development of architecture in Malaysia as a sign in the features of the Palace building together with vernacular concepts hybrid with different cultures. Thus, this finding can be a documentation of architectural features to become a reference for future generations about our previous culture and history and for authority to maintain and conserve this heritage building.
Generative Design Process for Alternative Creation of Architectural Design: Application of Willis Tower Shading Analysis Case Study
Authors: Suphavarophas Phattranis , Keonil Nuchnapang , Bunyarittikit Suphat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Generative design is a type of popular computational design providing a simple alternative design that is important instance to architectural design. This study aimed to examine generative design process to better understanding, and building an instruction set by repeat experiment methodology through case study. Willis Tower Shading Analysis was applied using variables that cause differences design options of nine sorted tubes alternate automation tower of 30-, 60- and 90-meters height. Forty-five design options were generated from generative design process, selected variables used in design options including building area, shadow area, neighbor building overshadowing and park overshadowing. It was found that generative design was a quick, modest and practical process that was easy for appropriate analysis. Additionally, input data and instruction for generating multiple output design options could be set for selecting of an option and the process could be reversed for designers required options.
Spatial Distribution of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in Klang Valley using Inverse Distance Weighting Interpolation Model
Authors: Ismain S H A , Salleh S A , Mohammad Sham N , Wan Azmi W N F , Zulkiflee AL , Ab Rahman A Z 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Particulate matter is one of the life threathening pollutants that are harmful to human health. The aim of this study is to assess PM2.5 distribution using spatial interpolation techniques of inverse distance weighted (IDW) by predicting their concentrations at distinct unmonitored locations. The IDW interpolation was developed using Arcmap for Klang Valley area covering six districts in central Peninsular Malaysia. The Department of Environment (DOE) continous air quality monitoring stations (CAQMS) were installed at 6 districts in Klang Valley throughout period of 9 months between January and September 2022 for data collection. The results from IDW showed that PM2.5 concentrations were highest in February and lowest in March. The IDW spatial mapping demonstrated that PM2.5 distributed higher in Seremban and Petaling districts throughout 9 months while Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya demonstrated contrary lower. The IDW cross-validation results showed an acceptable predictive accuracy with low RMSE values ranging from 1.790 to 5.073 and high R squared value with range from 0.0267 to 0.5081. The results showed a very good fit of the IDW model to the observed points, confirming that the results of these analyses can monitor and predict PM2.5 concentrations with high accuracy. The interpolation maps that result can help identify key regions that require air quality management mitigation strategies.
Windstorm Hazardous Area Mapping Using Multi-Criteria Evaluation Techniques of Fuzzy Logic Approach
Authors: Zakaria N H , Salleh S A , Chan A , Ooi M C G , Isa N A , Latif Z A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The goal of this study to determine the most exposed area to windstorm event using fuzzy logic approach. Respond to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 and 13, Sustainable Cities and Communities and Climate Action, this study was conducted to establish the preparedness in high-risk region. To achieve this goal, the influencing indicator was identified based on previous study. The related indicator comprises of wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, slope, population, road, and land use. Fuzzy membership model implemented to aggregating the indicator to standard value 0 to 1. A fuzzy model was used as a method to integrate the constructed index values, and a frequency ratio was used to determine the fuzzy membership value. Different fuzzy operators (AND, OR, SUM, PRODUCT, and GAMMA) are applied to generate windstorm hazard map. The fuzzy gamma (γ) operator, with γ equal to 0.9, was used to create wind hazard map into different zones of five relative sensitivity classes: very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. 10.65% of study area has very high sensitivity towards windstorm hazard which distributed at high area (Banjaran titiwangsa), West Coast area (Pahang and West Johor) and north area (Perlis). In addition, some part in the surrounding region of Peninsular Malaysia were also identified as windstorm hazard due to the dense of urban area such at Johor Bharu and Klang Valley area. 7.20% of the study area has very-low windstorm hazard and is mainly located in the middle part.
Development of machine learning modelling and dengue risk mapping: a concept framework
Authors: Hadi Z A , Dom N C 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Dengue fever (DF) has emerged as the world most common mosquito-borne diseases. DF has more than tripled in the last five decades. The disease is primarily present in tropical and subtropical areas, putting around one-third of the world’s population at risk of infection. As a result of rising urbanization, broad global travel, a lack of sufficient mosquito control measures, and globalization, dengue viruses have spread rapidly over the world. Climate variables influence DF incidence and fatality rates, but so do sociodemographic factors, rendering certain demographic subpopulations more vulnerable to infection. However, due to the methodological difficulties associated with integrating different data sources, only a few studies addressing the causes of dengue incidence incorporate both meteorological and sociodemographic components. The application of the Geographical Information System (GIS) and Machine Learning (ML) Algorithm will be introduced in this study to act as a crucial tool in the epidemiological and spatial investigation, and the machine learning algorithm will act as a tool to analyze and make predictions based on data, without being explicitly programmed to do so. The study’s findings are supposed to aid Malaysian dengue management efforts. Although the study framework was established for DF, it can be adapted to incorporate other mosquito-borne diseases such as Malaria and Chikungunya, as well as non-mosquito-borne problems.
Physical properties of aluminum doped Zinc Oxide thin films and single wall carbon nanotubes bilayers with potential application in photovoltaics devices
Authors: Álvarez-Vázquez J. I. , Sastré-Hernández J , Ortega-Cervantez G. , Mendoza-Pérez R. , Aguilar-Hernández J. , Santoyo-Salazar J. , Del Oso J. A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A study of transparent thin films of Zinc Oxide doped with Aluminum (AZO) processed by sputtering with potentials application as substrate for single wall carbon nanotubes processing by spray-coating is discussed in this work. AZO Thin films have been deposited by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature in high vacuum ambient and using an Argon atmosphere. The AZO thin films and the processed bilayers of Zinc Oxide: Aluminum/Single wall carbon nanotubes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, stylus profilometry and four-terminal method for the electrical resistivity measurement. The feasibility of the Zinc Oxide doped with Aluminum thin films for its use as single wall Carbon Nanotubes substrate processed by a low-cost technique, with potential application in the configuration of photovoltaics devices is presented, analyzed and discussed as function of its electrical, morphological and optical properties through Haacke figure of merit quantification. A two-order reduction in resistivity values, average acceptable transmittance values (∼80%), and crystallinity expected for polycrystalline films were obtained for AZO/Single wall carbon nanotubes bilayers; although the homogeneity of the single wall carbon nanotubes distribution on AZO thin films processed by RF-Sputtering should be improved, the possible application as transparent electrode in a usual configuration of solar cells of AZO/Single wall carbon nanotubes can be performed.
Polynomiality of the faithful dimension for nilpotent groups over finite truncated valuation rings
Authors: Bardestani Mohammad , Mallahi-Karai Keivan , Rumiantsau Dzmitry , Salmasian Hadi 
Published: August 2023

Given a finite group

G

\mathrm {G}

, the faithful dimension of

G

\mathrm {G}

over

C

\mathbb {C}

, denoted by

m

f
a
i
t
h
f
u
l

(

G

)

m_\mathrm {faithful}(\mathrm {G})

, is the smallest integer

n
n

such that

G

\mathrm {G}

can be embedded in

G
L

n

(

C

)

\mathrm {GL}_n(\mathbb {C})

. Continuing the work initiated by Bardestani et al. [Compos. Math. 155 (2019), pp. 1618–1654], we address the problem of determining the faithful dimension of a finite

p
p

-group of the form

G

R

≔
exp
⁡
(

g

R

)

\mathscr {G}_R≔\exp (\mathfrak {g}_R)

associated to

g

R

≔

g

⊗

Z

R

\mathfrak {g}_R≔\mathfrak {g}\otimes _\mathbb {Z}R

in the Lazard correspondence, where

g

\mathfrak {g}

is a nilpotent

Z

\mathbb {Z}

-Lie algebra and

R
R

ranges over finite truncated valuation rings.

Our first main result is that if

R
R

is a finite field with

p
f

p^f

elements and

p
p

is sufficiently large, then

m

f
a
i
t
h
f
u
l

(

G

R

)
=
f
g
(

p
f

)

m_\mathrm {faithful}(\mathscr {G}_R)=fg(p^f)

where

g
(
T
)

g(T)

belongs to a finite list of polynomials

g
1

,
…
,

g
k

g_1,\ldots ,g_k

, with non-negative integer coefficients. The latter list of polynomials is uniquely determined by the Lie algebra

g

\mathfrak {g}

. Furthermore, for each

1
≤
i
≤
k

1\le i\leq k

the set of pairs

(
p
,
f
)

(p,f)

for which

g
=

g
i

g=g_i

is a finite union of Cartesian products

P

×

F

\mathscr P\times \mathscr F

, where

P

\mathscr P

is a Frobenius set of prime numbers and

F

\mathscr F

is a subset of

N

\mathbb N

that belongs to the Boolean algebra generated by arithmetic progressions. Previously, existence of such a polynomial-type formula for

m

f
a
i
t
h
f
u
l

(

G

R

)

m_\mathrm {faithful}(\mathscr {G}_R)

was only established under the assumption that either

f
=
1

f=1

or

p
p

is fixed.

Next we formulate a conjectural polynomiality property for the value of

m

f
a
i
t
h
f
u
l

(

G

R

)

m_\mathrm {faithful}(\mathscr {G}_R)

in the more general setting where

R
R

is a finite truncated valuation ring, and prove special cases of this conjecture. In particular, we show that for a vast class of Lie algebras

g

\mathfrak {g}

that are defined by partial orders,

m

f
a
i
t
h
f
u
l

(

G

R

)

m_\mathrm {faithful}(\mathscr {G}_R)

is given by a single polynomial-type formula.

Finally, we compute

m

f
a
i
t
h
f
u
l

(

G

R

)

m_\mathrm {faithful}(\mathscr {G}_R)

precisely in the case where

g

\mathfrak {g}

is the free metabelian nilpotent Lie algebra of class

c
c

on

n
n

generators and

R
R

is a finite truncated valuation ring.
Efficacy of psychosocial interventions to reduce alcohol use in comorbid alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related liver disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hemrage Sofia , Brobbin Eileen , Deluca Paolo , Drummond Colin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42021234598) fills a gap in the literature by assessing the efficacy of psychosocial interventions in patients with alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), focusing on drinking reduction and abstinence as intervention goals. A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted across various databases. Study screening and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers. The data were presented through narrative synthesis. Primary outcomes were alcohol reduction and abstinence at the longest follow-up. Ten RCTs were included, evaluating interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational enhancement therapy (MET), motivational interviewing, or peer support. The total population included 1519 participants. Four studies included a combination of more than one intervention, and two trialed an integrated approach, including medical and psychosocial management. A significant reduction was observed with MET, while abstinence was observed with peer support, MET, and CBT/MET within integrated treatment. The overall certainty of the evidence was moderate. Six studies presented a low risk of bias, one had some concerns, and three were high risk. The findings highlight the potential of psychosocial interventions, with MET being repeatedly associated with improved outcomes. Integrated treatment also demonstrated a promising role in ARLD. Future research should head toward improving the robustness and quality of the evidence. It should also aim to further tailor and trial new psychosocial interventions on this specific clinical population. This will enhance the translation of the evidence into real-world settings.
Debates on the dorsomedial prefrontal/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: insights for future research
Authors: Clairis Nicolas , Lopez-Persem Alizée 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dmPFC/dACC) is a brain area subject to many theories and debates over its function(s). Even its precise anatomical borders are subject to much controversy. In the past decades, the dmPFC/dACC has been associated with more than 15 different cognitive processes, which sometimes appear quite unrelated (e.g. body perception, cognitive conflict). As a result, understanding what the dmPFC/dACC does has become a real challenge for many neuroscientists. Several theories of this brain area's function(s) have been developed, leading to successive and competitive publications bearing different models, which sometimes contradict each other. During the last two decades, the lively scientific exchanges around the dmPFC/dACC have promoted fruitful research in cognitive neuroscience.
In this review, we provide an overview of the anatomy of the dmPFC/dACC, summarize the state of the art of functions that have been associated with this brain area and present the main theories aiming at explaining the dmPFC/dACC function(s). We explore the commonalities and the arguments between the different theories.
Finally, we explain what can be learned from these debates for future investigations of the dmPFC/dACC and other brain regions' functions.