bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping of Population Growth Influence on Land Use Transformation from 1994-2015 in Madaba Governorate, Jordan
Authors: Sarayreh Hind , Hayek Wissam , Thneibat Ahmed , Ibrahim Majed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Madaba Governorate, the second-largest wheat-producing region in Jordan, is vital for ensuring food security. Hence, its case study could reveal valuable insights to address land use and food security challenges. This study focuses on the conversion of agricultural lands into urban areas in the Madaba Governorate and elaborates on its correlation with population growth. Land use and land cover (LULC) data from 1994, 2004, and 2015 were used in the Markov model to predict future changes in 2025 and 2035 with 80% accuracy (kappa coefficient). The results revealed a significant urbanization trend during the next decade by projecting a 6% increase in urban areas and an 11.81% decrease in agricultural lands. This scenario necessitates the development of sustainable land use planning and management strategies to address population-driven LULC dynamics. Moreover, the study also emphasizes water resource management in this water-scarce region. Recommendations encompass restraining urban sprawl, protecting agricultural lands, and implementing water conservation measures. These findings offer valuable insights to land use planners, policymakers, and stakeholders in Madaba Governorate for sustainable development. The study further integrates spatial analysis and socioeconomic factors to depict a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between population growth, land use changes, and water resources of the region.
Growing Season Convective Systems in the U.S. Corn Belt in Relation to Land Use-Land Cover and Synoptic Patterns
Authors: Hiestand Mikael P. , Carleton Andrew M. , Cervone Guido 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Localized short-period studies suggest that differences in surface heat fluxes between croplands and remnant forest of the U.S. Corn Belt—the dominant Land Use-Land Cover (LULC) types– influence convective cloud formation in the warm season, primarily around crop-forest boundaries. However, an investigation on climatic timescales is needed to help improve understanding of convective climate in relation to LULC. We use spatial cluster analysis to compare convective systems (CS) from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project’s Deep Convection Tracking Database to a cropland LULC database for the summer growing seasons (May 1-September 30) of 1999–2007. Spatial-temporal patterns of CS are analyzed with respect to sub-season phenology and LULC type from the National Land Cover Database, and synoptic pressure patterns. The findings indicate two statistically significant clusters of Corn Belt CS; one over the central croplands and the other around crop-forest boundaries in the southeastern area. The clustering of CS, while varying in frequency, remain spatially consistent across sub-seasons and synoptic type. These results suggest a consistent influence of LULC on CS in the Corn Belt that is modulated by synoptic type to either suppress (e.g., via synoptic-scale subsidence) or enhance (via mid-tropospheric upward vertical motion) the frequency of convective clouds and cloud systems. These LULC related CS clusters are likely the result of Non-Classical Mesoscale Circulations resulting from spatial heterogeneities in the surface energy budget and surface roughness between cropland and remnant forests. This study’s results will help inform future modelling projects required to determine these hypothesized LULC-synoptic mechanisms.
Iot-Based on Boiler Fuel Monitoring System: A Case of Raha Beverages Company Limited, Arusha-Tanzania
Authors: NTAMBARA Boniface , Nyambo Devotha , Solsbach Andreas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
RAHA Beverages Company (RABEC) is one of the banana wine production companies that utilize fuel in steam production in Arusha-Tanzania where fuel data conditions like temperature, pressure, discharge, fuel level, and gas leakage with humidity were a challenge to monitor them which provoked boiler malfunction and plant breakdown. Today, RABEC manually uses a dropping stick into the fuel tank to monitor fuel data conditions which is time-consuming and gives inaccurate readings, inefficiency, fuel economy discrepancy, and accidents. This study aimed to design and develop an IoT-based fuel monitoring system. The flow meter, ultrasonic level, thermistor fuel temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors were used to gather fuel information where GSM module was employed to send fuel data messages to the operator’s phone. An AT mega 328 microcontroller was used to process and analyze the fuel data and send them to the Thing Speak IoT platform using Wi-Fi connectivity. The results showed that when the fuel level was less than the threshold value, an operator was alerted by a refilling message via GSM technology. At 0.1Psi pressure, fuel temperature of 120℃, and 80% humidity, the system notifies the operator by an alert message to check injector pressure and if the fuel-air mixture was perfect. In addition, these data were observed on LCD and ThingSpeak webpage. To conclude, the developed system proved the best performance with a 99.98% of success rate with high accuracy, security, and efficiency rate compared to the current monitoring system.
The oral sensory organs in Bathochordaeus stygius (Tunicata Appendicularia) are unique in structure and homologous to the coronal organ
Authors: Le Mai-Lee Van , Müller Lisa-Marie , Stach Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Appendicularia consists of approximately 70 purely marine species that belong to Tunicata the probable sister taxon to Craniota. Therefore, Appendicularia plays a pivotal role for our understanding of chordate evolution. In addition, appendicularians are an important part of the epipelagic marine plankton. Nevertheless, little is known about appendicularian species, especially from deeper water.
Results
Using µCT, scanning electron microscopy, and digital 3D-reconstruction techniques we describe three pairs of complex oral sensory organs in the mesopelagic appendicularian Bathochordaeus stygius. The oral sensory organs are situated at the anterior and lateral margin of the mouth and inside the mouth cavity. A single organ consists of approximately 70 secondary receptor cells that project apical cilia through a narrow hole in the epidermis. The receptor cells are innervated by branches of the second brain nerve.
Conclusions
Based on position, morphology, and innervation we suggest that the oral sensory organs are homologues of the coronal organs in other tunicates. We discuss the hypothesized homology of coronal organs and the lateral line system of primary aquatic vertebrates. The complex oral sensory organs of B. stygius unique in tunicates could be adaptations to the more muffled environment of the mesopelagic.
The efficacy of the use of atropine in children with pallid breath holding spells: can cardiac pacemaker implantation be avoided?
Authors: Donné Marieke , Vandekerckhove Kristof , De Wilde Hans 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
1. Purpose
Reflex anoxic seizures are an overreaction of the vagal system, resulting in bradycardia or brief cardiac arrest. Because of self-limiting character of the spells with no complications on short or long term, treatment is only necessary in case of frequent spells or severe clinical presentation. Treatment options are medication such as atropine or the implantation of a cardiac pacemaker, with the latter being invasive and entailing risk for important complications. We investigated atropine treatment and aimed to examine if pacemaker placement can be avoided.
2. Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients treated in our center for severe reflex anoxic seizures with atropine sulphate from January 2017 until May 2023, and compared our results to those in the literature.
3. Results
In our population, 100% of the patients reported adequate symptom management after atropine treatment, with complete resolution in 10%. Minor side effects were reported in 70%, with need for change of treatment in one patient (10%). Severe complications were not reported, unlike up to 40% of permanent or severe complications after pacemaker placement.
4. Discussion
Atropine is a safe and efficient treatment to manage the symptoms, with similar success rate to pacemaker implantation. However, pacemaker implantation entails a substantial risk for complications. This might be considered redundant for a benign and temporary condition, when other efficient treatment options are possible.
A meta-analysis report on the prevalence of Cystic Echinococcosis in cattle and buffalo in India from 1980-2020
Authors: K Gayathri , S Anandu , Verma Med Ram , KA Yashica , R Balaji , M Sankar , Tanuj GN , Tewari Anup Kumar , SJ Siju , Samanta Subhamoy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis is a zoonotic helminthic disease caused by the meta-cestode stage of a tapeworm belonging to the genus Echinococcus (family Taeniidae). CE is found in both human and animal populations throughout the world. Here we analysed the prevalence of CE in cattle and buffalo in India from 1980–2022 separately. Data mining was carried out from various databases such as Google scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Springer's, Science Direct, Krishikosh, Indianjournals.com, J-Gate@ Consortium of e-Resources in Agriculture (CeRA) under ICAR, symposia, research abstracts of conferences, seminars, and other published literatures ranging from 1980 to 2020. The meta-analysis was performed using the R package. Cochran’s test and statistics were used to assess the heterogeneity among the data. The results of the study were graphically represented by the forest plots. The total prevalence rate of CE in cattle and buffalo is estimated to be 15% in cattle and 13% in buffalo and the highest occurrence of cyst is observed in buffalo lungs. The prevalence is comparatively higher than the reports from neighboring countries. Even though, CE is an important infectious disease of livestock, there are only few reports on data analysis and epidemiological investigations conducted in cattle and buffalo. These data are critical for implementing better control and preventive measures. The prevalence rate necessitates public health education and awareness about the disease's dangers, as well as education on proper animal slaughtering techniques, prevention of feeding dogs with viscera from home-slaughtered animals, prevention of direct contact with dogs' faeces, enforcement of meat inspection legislation, improved veterinary services, and as well as treating, vaccination of dogs and domestic animals.
Outcomes of Older Patients with Malnutrition and Malnutrition–Sarcopenia in the Emergency Department: A 3-Month Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Lin Pei-Ying , Wang Tse-Yao , Chen Ying-Ju , Huang Hsien-Hao , Yen David Hung-Tsang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Malnutrition and sarcopenia are both associated with increased risks of adverse outcomes in older people. The emergency department (ED) is a unique and crucial part of geriatric care. Clinical evaluation of malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome (MSS) in the ED setting and its impact on prognosis after ED visits remain to be elucidated. This study aims to determine the associations of malnutrition, sarcopenia and MSS with subsequent prognoses and geriatric conditions.
Design
This was a prospective observational study between August 2018 and October 2021.
Setting
This study was conducted in the ED observation room of a medical center.
Participants
Patients 65 years and older who were observed or treated in the observation room of the ED for any indication were screened within the first 24 hours of ED presentation and asked to participate.
Measurements
Sarcopenia and nutritional status were assessed. Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews, hospital record reviews, and the CGAs. The differences in demographic characteristics and clinical variables among the groups of patients ≥65 years old with or without sarcopenia, malnutrition, or MSS were evaluated. Outcome data obtained during the 3-month period following the initial ED visit were also analyzed.
Results
In total, 650 enrolled older patients were divided intosix groups: normal (n=168), malnutrition-risk-without-sarcopenia (n=141), malnutrition-without-sarcopenia (n=36), sarcopenia-with-normal-nutritional status (n=71), sarcopenia-with-malnutrition-risk (n=137), and MSS (n=97). Mortality after ED visits at the 1- and 3-month follow-ups was significantly different amongthe six groups (p<0.05). The Kaplan–Meier method with the log-rank test discerned that the MSS group had the lowest survival probability (p=0.016) at 1-month follow-up, and the malnutrition without sarcopenia group had the lowest survival probability (p=0.002) and a higher revisit probability (p=0.049) at 3-month follow-up.
Conclusions
Older patients with malnutrition without sarcopenia have the highest mortality and ED revisit rates at a 3-month follow-up after an ED visit. Early detection of malnutrition, including MSS, in the ED could enable ED physicians to collaborate with geriatric specialists to initiate a particular nutritional modality in pursuit of improved outcomes, particularly mortality and revisit rates.
Characteristics of mandibular anterior alveolar bone in patients with different degrees of periodontitis: a retrospective study based on CBCT
Authors: Yang Qi , Han Minxuan , Fan Zixin , Tang Pengzhou , Jiang Yue , Li Lu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the alveolar bone characteristics of mandibular anterior teeth in patients with periodontitis and provide guidance for clinical treatment.
Materials and Methods
100 patients with periodontitis were selected and grouped according to the degrees of alveolar bone resorption, age, gender, and tooth type. The total number of teeth in the included population was 542, with a mean age of 44.59 and a male-to-female ratio of 1.02:1. The labial thickness of the alveolar bone, the degree of alveolar bone resorption, angulation between the long axis of teeth and alveolar process, alveolar bone height and density of the mandibular anterior teeth were measured.
Results
Among the 100 included patients with periodontitis, 33 patients were classified as mild periodontitis, 30 patients as moderate periodontitis, and 37 patients as severe periodontitis. There were significant differences in alveolar bone morphology between these three groups. Compared with the mild and moderate groups, the severe group showed that the alveolar bone in the half of the root crown was thickened, the alveolar bone height was decreased, the cancellous alveolar bone density was increased, and the cortical alveolar bone density was decreased. The resorption of alveolar bone was characterized by greater resorption of proximal bone than that of labial bone with increased bone loss. There were also differences in alveolar bone characteristics among patients of different ages, genders, and tooth types.
Conclusions
The morphology of the alveolar bone of the mandibular anterior teeth changed accordingly with the degree of periodontitis. Labial alveolar bone thickness and cortical alveolar bone density were negatively correlated with the degree of periodontitis, while alveolar bone height and cancellous alveolar bone density were positively correlated with the degree of periodontitis.
Clinical Relevance
These results allow clinicians to better understand the alveolar bone morphology of the mandibular anterior teeth in patients with periodontitis, facilitating better treatment design and avoiding complications.
A genome-wide association study identifies a locus associated with knee extension strength in older people
Authors: Terao Chikashi , Ito Shuji , Takuwa Hiroshi , Kakehi Saori , Someya Yuki , Kaga Hideyoshi , Kumahashi Nobuyuki , Kuwata Suguru , Wakatsuki Takuya , Kadowaki Masaru , Yamamoto Soichiro , Abe Tkafumi , Takeda Miwako , Ishikawa Yuki , Liu Xiaoxi , Otomo Nao , Suetsugu Hiroyuki , Koike Yoshinao , Hikino Keiko , Tomizuka Kohei , Momozawa Yukihide , Ozaki Kouichi , Isomura Minoru , Nabika Toru , Kaneko Haruka , Ishijima Muneaki , Kawamori Ryuzo , Watada Hirotaka , Tamura Yoshifumi , Uchio Yuji , Ikegawa Shiro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle disease in older people. Lower limb muscle strength is a good predictive value for sarcopenia; however, little is known about its genetic components. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for knee extension strength in a total of 3,452 Japanese aged 60 years or older from two independent cohorts. We identified a significant association in TACC2 (transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing 2) (P = 4.2 × 10− 8). TACC2, encoding a cytoskeleton-related protein, is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, and is reported as a target of myotonic dystrophy 1-associated splicing alterations. These suggest that changes in TACC2 expression are associated with variations in muscle strength in older people. The association was consistently observed in young and middle-aged subjects. Our findings would shed light on genetic components of lower limb muscle strength and indicate TACC2 as a potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia.
Evaluation of Landsat 9 and Sentinel 2 satellites in estimation of cotton leaf area index using M5 tree model
Authors: Mazidi Maryam , Hessam Moosa , Khalili Ghorban , Komaki Chooghi Bayram 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The availability of satellite data has caused a continuous increase in the accuracy of spatial information and provides significant conditions for monitoring cultivation in large areas. LAI is used as an important parameter using remote sensing techniques for simple crop growth modeling. In this article, estimation of LAI, as a common vegetation cover index, through the collection and field measurements of LAI, and comparison with the multispectral data of Landsat 9 operational terrain imager (OLI) and Sentinel 2 multispectral instrument were done with the minimum percentage of clouds to extract LAI. The relationship between plant indices as an independent variable and field LAI as a dependent variable was searched using linear multivariate regression and M5 tree regression methods. LAI calculated with plant indices is not very accurate and needs to be modeled and recalculated using spectral indices. Considering the non-linearity of the relationship between LAI and spectral reflectance, linear multivariate regression showed almost satisfactory results, and in the best conditions, this relationship has a correlation coefficient of 75.46 and 72.91, with an error of 0.229 and 0.308, respectively, for the Landsat 9 and Sentinel 2. LAI estimation using machine learning techniques is suitable and very capable for observing LAI developments and increases the accuracy of calculations.
Wireless Power Transfer Efficiency Optimization Tracking Method based on Full Current Mode Impedance Matching
Authors: Xu Yuanzhong , zhang yuxuan , Wu Tiezhou 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology is a contactless wireless energy transfer method with wide-ranging applications in fields such as smart homes, the Internet of Things (IoT), and electric vehicles. Achieving optimal efficiency in wireless power transfer systems has been a key research focus. In this paper, we propose a tracking method based on full current mode impedance matching for optimizing the efficiency of wireless power transfer. This method enables efficiency tracking in WPT systems and allows seamless switching between continuous conduction mode and discontinuous mode, expanding the efficiency detection capabilities of the wireless power transfer system. The proposed method is simulated in the MATLAB software environment to validate its feasibility and effectiveness. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method enables optimal efficiency tracking in wireless power transfer systems while extending the detection capabilities, thereby offering practical value and potential for widespread application.
Analysis of deformation mechanism of rainfall-induced landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area: Piansongshu Landslide
Authors: WANG Hui , ZOU Jianhua , LV Peng , WANG Xinghua , TAN Zefu , CHENG Longfei , WEI Qiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) has unique geological conditions that result in the formation of landslides. These landslides are prone to instability when exposed to external factors like rainfall. This study focuses on the Piansongshu landslide in the TGRA and aims to analyze the internal deformation mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides, providing valuable insights for landslide prevention and control. The study begins with field geological investigations to analyze the macroscopic deformation signs and deformation mechanisms of the landslide. GeoStudio numerical simulation software is employed to assess landslide stability, considering changes in internal seepage fields and stability under varying rainfall conditions. The results indicate that with continuous rainfall, a transient saturation zone appears on the slope's surface and extends downwards. The accumulation front edge's infiltration line protrudes towards the surface in areas with greater deformation. The stability coefficient of the landslide's secondary shear surface exhibits more significant variation compared to the overall sliding surface. Higher rainfall intensity and duration lead to a greater decrease in the stability coefficient. Different types of rainfall also impact stability differently. Over time, as rainfall infiltrates, the slope safety coefficient gradually decreases. Even after rainfall ceases, the stability coefficient continues to decline, requiring time for recovery until it reaches a stable state.
In Silico Docking Study of Guttiferones; Q-S from Malabar Tamarind Fruit Rind Against SARS-Cov-2 Omicron Spike Protein with Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential, Phenolic Content and HPTLC Fingerprinting of Its Total Extract
Authors: Khojah Hanan , Ismail Ahmed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
(1) Background: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread and is now the predominant variant worldwide. Its key feature is its ability to evade immunity from natural infection or vaccines, owing to its numerous mutations in the spike protein. In contrast, medicinal plants have been utilized as alternative therapies to alleviate certain signs and symptoms associated with COVID-19. In this study; Malabar tamarind, which belongs to the Clusiaceae family, was studied for HPTLC fingerprint for its total methanolic extract, quantitative determination of its total phenolics and flavonoids, in-vitro evaluation of its antioxidant potential, followed by molecular docking study of three of its reported natural metabolites; Guttiferones Q, R and S, in order to measure their affinity against the target site of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike Protein
(2) Methods: Total phenolic content was evaluated by Folin-Catechu assay, flavonoids by aluminum chloride assay. Antioxidant potential was estimated by DPPH assay, while the in silico docking study was processed with the use of Azithromycin as a reference drug
(3) Results: Tamarind exhibited a free radical-scavenging activity of 71.75 % inhibition. The molecular docking results suggested that Guttiferone R has the highest binding affinity, alongside predicted binding energy of -8.67 kcal/mol and an RMSD value of 1.07 Å compared to Azithromycin, a reference compound, which has binding affinity of -8.90 kcal/mol and an RMSD value of 1.20 Å.
(4) Conclusions: Guttiferone R has the strongest potential as a drug candidate, based on its high binding affinity and low RMSD value, which suggests that it has a stable binding mode.