bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES WITH SELF-DISCIPLINE DURING ONLINE CLASS
Authors: Ningsih Deski Yolan Septa Tenti , Sari Fatimah Mulya 
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates the government to take strict rules to prevent the spread of the virus. This condition bought about the transition from the offline learning process to online learning at every level of education across Indonesia. The main advantage of online learning is flexibility. This condition makes students possible to access online courses to learn and carry out assignments anytime and anywhere. Therefore, teaching and learning processes can be more practical and efficient. However, due to low self-discipline, the flexibility of time given by the lecturer triggers students to postpone in submitting their assignment and the majority tend to submit on or close to the deadline time. As a result, these conditions have implications for the effectiveness of the learning process in higher education. The purpose of this paper is to prove that self-discipline in the knowledge acquisition process is one of the most important factors in online learning. The research was conducted with a qualitative method. The instrument of this research was a questionnaire that was used to establish students’ opinions which were distributed by using google to collect the data. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions. Keywords: Self-discipline, Online learning, Covid-19
STUDENT PROBLEMS IN ONLINE LEARNING: SOLUTIONS TO KEEP EDUCATION GOING ON
Authors: Erlangga Dion Tira 
Published: March 2023

The spread of the Covid-19 virus that has swept across the world has changed various aspects of human life, one of which is the change of learning process that commonly occurs face to face in the classroom become online learning. Online learning is chosen as the solution to keep teaching and learning during this pandemic and this is done by various levels of education starting from primary school, middle school, high school, to college levels. The existence of cases of learning difficulties experienced by students during the Covid-19 pandemic made students do not understand the subject matter delivered by the teacher. This study aimed to find out some solutions of students' problem in the online learning process. Participants in this study were 25 English education students from a private university in Bandar Lampung. The researcher distributed a close ended questionnaire of 9 questions in the form of Google to collect data, and used qualitative data to illustrate the results of the questionnaire in data findings. The results of the study show that there were some problems faced by students in online learning included (1) students difficult to understanding materials, (2) students encounter technical difficulties, (3) limited internet quota, (4) poor communication, and (5) learning becomes less effective. The solutions that researcher has found to overcome the problems are namely (1) teachers or lecturers must implement face to face class twice a week, (2) teachers should use platforms with simpler operations in online learning, (3) teachers or lecturers should provide a material that is interactive, dynamic and attractive and (4) the government must extend the quota assistance for students.
UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS' MOTIVATION ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AT UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA
Authors: Pranawengtias Wulandari 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to identify the factors that influence the learning motivation of Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia students. It also aims to reveal the motivational sub-factors that affect the student learning process. This study uses a qualitative research method used questionnaire consisting of 2 intrinsic motivation factors and 3 extrinsic motivation factors, with a total of 30 questions. Questionnaire in the form of 5 Likert Scale. The sample amounted to 30 students from the majors in sports education, mathematics education, and English education. Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using statistical procedures and described descriptively. The results showed that extrinsic motivation contributed more to students' learning motivation (39.66) compared to intrinsic factors (36.1). The results also show that the extrinsic motivation factor; giving rewards and punishments (41.4) as well as the quality of lecturers and the teaching and learning process (40.0) are the two dominant factors that can increase students' learning motivation. Thus, these results have implications for what to pay attention to in language learning, especially in learning English. Therefore, the appropriateness of giving rewards or punishments for students and the quality of lecturers must be improved because it will increase student motivation in language learning.
JUDGE'S EX OFFICIO AUTHORITY ON THE CASE OF TALAK -DIVORCE; MAQASID SHARIˋAH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Fathurrohmah Fathurrohmah , Sadari Sadari 
Published: March 2023

This article is the result of library research. This research is included in normative legal research. This research discussion aims to explain the basis of Islamic law on the judge’s ex officio authority of Nganjuk Religioun Court judges in judgement talak-divorce cases, number: 2033/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Ngj. Researcher analysis data by maqāsid sharī'ah theory. The findings of this study are that the use of ex efficio rights of the Nganjuk Religioun Court which does not follow civil procedural law has a strong Islamic legal basis. This argument is based on the maqāsid sharī'ah shāṭibi theory. The benefits that are guarded by the judge are in accordance with the al Dharūriyyāt category, especially hifz al nafs, namely the maintenance of the soul. The benefit of Dharāriyyāt is shown through the first data that the wife is proven not to be given her rights by her husband before the divorce is decided, so the judge considers ex officio authority; second, maintaining the rights of the ex-wife after the divorce even though the wife (the respondent) did not file a reconvention in the trial.
Keywords: judge’s ex officio authority, divorce-talak, sharia purpose.
The dark side of mRNA translation and the translation machinery in glioblastoma
Authors: Montiel-Dávalos Angélica , Ayala Yeniffer , Hernández Greco 
Published: March 2023

Among the different types of cancer affecting the central nervous system (CNS), glioblastoma (GB) is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the most common and aggressive CNS cancer in adults. GB incidence is more frequent among persons aged 45–55 years old. GB treatments are based on tumor resection, radiation, and chemotherapies. The current development of novel molecular biomarkers (MB) has led to a more accurate prediction of GB progression. Moreover, clinical, epidemiological, and experimental studies have established genetic variants consistently associated with the risk of suffering GB. However, despite the advances in these fields, the survival expectancy of GB patients is still shorter than 2 years. Thus, fundamental processes inducing tumor onset and progression remain to be elucidated. In recent years, mRNA translation has been in the spotlight, as its dysregulation is emerging as a key cause of GB. In particular, the initiation phase of translation is most involved in this process. Among the crucial events, the machinery performing this phase undergoes a reconfiguration under the hypoxic conditions in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, ribosomal proteins (RPs) have been reported to play translation-independent roles in GB development. This review focuses on the research elucidating the tight relationship between translation initiation, the translation machinery, and GB. We also summarize the state-of-the-art drugs targeting the translation machinery to improve patients’ survival. Overall, the recent advances in this field are shedding new light on the dark side of translation in GB.
Improvement of loperamide-hydrochloride-induced intestinal motility disturbance by Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharides through effects on gut microbes and colonic serotonin
Authors: Hao Mengqi , Song Jing , Zhai Xiaohu , Cheng Nuo , Xu Cong , Gui Shuangying , Chen Juan 
Published: March 2023

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal symptom characterized by intestinal motility disorder. The effects of Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharides (PGP) on intestinal motility have not been confirmed. We established a rat model of constipation induced by loperamide hydrochloride to elucidate the therapeutic effect of PGP on intestinal motility disorder and to explore the possible mechanism. After PGP treatment (400 and 800 mg/kg) for 21 d, PGP clearly relieved gastrointestinal motility, including fecal water content, gastric emptying rate, and intestinal transit rate. Moreover, the secretion of motility-related hormones, gastrin and motilin, were increased. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence results confirmed that PGP significantly increased the secretion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the expression of related proteins, such as tryptophan hydroxylase 1, 5-HT4 receptor, and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that PGP significantly increased the relative abundance of Roseburia, Butyricimonas, and Ruminiclostridium, which were positively correlated with 5-HT levels. However, the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus were decreased. PGP improved intestinal transport by regulating the levels of 5-HT, which interacts with the gut microbiota and the intestinal neuro-endocrine system, further affecting constipation. Overall, PGP is a potential supplement for the treatment of constipation.
Application of a core genome sequence typing (cgMLST) pipeline for surveillance of Clostridioides difficile in China
Authors: Wang Yuan Yuan , Xie Lu , Zhang Wen Zhu , Du Xiao li , Li Wen Ge , Bia Lu Lu , Cui Zhi Gang , Wu Yuan , Lu Jin Xing 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionClostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is a nosocomial bacterial pathogen that causes antibiotic-associated diarrhea mediated by cellular exotoxins secreted into the intestine during bacterial growth. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and PCR ribotyping are the main molecular typing for C. difficile. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) was developed for genetic evolution and outbreak investigation of C. difficile with higher precision and accuracy.MethodsA total of 699 whole (complete and draft) genome sequences of distinct C. difficile strains were used in this study to identify core gene set (2469 core genes) and the cgMLST scheme for the phylogeny analysis of C. difficile. This cgMLST pipeline was then carried the Chinese Pathogen Identification Net (China PIN) for surveillance of C. difficile in China. Within the China PIN, 195 WGS of C. difficile and an outbreak of CDI with 12 WGS of C. difficile were used to evaluate the cgMLST pipeline.ResultsThe result displayed that mostly tested C. difficile isolates could be successfully divided into 5 classic clades and the outbreak event was also successfully identified.DiscussionThe results are meaningful and offer a practicable pipeline for a national-wide surveillance of C. difficile in China.
Different oscillatory rhythms anticipate failures in executive and arousal vigilance
Authors: Luna Fernando G. , Aguirre María Julieta , Martín-Arévalo Elisa , Ibáñez Agustín , Lupiáñez Juan , Barttfeld Pablo 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionVigilance is the challenging ability to maintain attention during long periods. When performing prolonged tasks, vigilance failures are often observed, reflecting a decrease in performance. Previous research has shown that changes in oscillatory rhythms are associated with states of vigilance loss. The present study aimed to investigate whether changes in different oscillatory rhythms anticipate failures in two vigilance components: (a) executive vigilance –necessary to detect infrequent critical signals– and (b) arousal vigilance –necessary to maintain a fast reaction to environmental stimuli without much control–.Methods37 young adults (age: M = 25.86; SD = 4.99) completed two experimental sessions in which high-density electroencephalography signal was recorded while they performed the Attentional Networks Test for Interactions and Vigilance – executive and arousal components, a task that simultaneously measures executive and arousal vigilance along with others attentional functions. Changes in delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma power before target onset were analyzed at the trial level in the executive and the arousal vigilance subtasks and as a function of the behavioral response.ResultsChanges in different oscillatory rhythms were observed prior to failures in executive and arousal vigilance. While increased alpha power in left occipital regions anticipated misses in the executive vigilance subtask, increased delta power in frontal-central regions anticipated very slow responses in the arousal vigilance subtask.DiscussionThe present results further support an empirical dissociation at the neural level between executive and arousal vigilance. Changes in alpha –in left occipital regions– and delta –in frontal-central regions– power might be identified as different brain states associated with loss in vigilance components when performing prolonged tasks.
A three-year prospective cohort study evaluating implant stability utilising the Osstell® and Periotest™ devices
Authors: Reynolds Ian , Winning Lewis , Polyzois Ioannis 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate implant stability measurements from two different devices and at three different time points in order to determine their level of correlation. To also evaluate the influence of a range of clinical characteristics on the values produced by the devices at these three time points.Materials &amp; MethodsMeasurements were recorded at implant placement (T1), implant exposure (T2) and at 3 years from implant placement (T3). A range of clinical data was collected including patient demographics and site characteristics. Stability measurements and clinical characteristics were recorded for 29 patients and 68 dental implants at T1, subsequent stability measurements were recorded for 67 implants at T2 and 58 implants at T3. Correlation testing between the Osstell® and Periotest™ devices was carried out utilising Spearman's rank correlation for each time point. Analysis of the difference between clinical factors and stability measurements was compared using Kruskal-Wallis test for each variable and time point.ResultsA single dental implant failed shortly after second stage surgery for an overall survival rate of 98% during the study timeline. The median ISQ value was 73.25 (IQR 67–75) at T1 and 74 (IQR 70.5–77) at T3. The median Periotest value was −4 (IQR −6, −2) at T1 and −6 (IQR −7, −5) at T3. The range of ISQ values observed was 50 (39–89) ISQ at T1 and decreased to 21 (61–82) ISQ at T3. The Periotest values ranged from 37 (29 to −8) at T1 and decreased to 6 (−2 to −8) at T3. A weak to moderate correlation was observed between mean ISQ and Periotest values across time points T1, T2 and T3, (r = −0.26, p = 0.05), (r = −0.35, p &lt; 0.01) and (r = −0.28, p = 0.04) respectively.ConclusionsBased on the results of this study there was a weak to moderate level of correlation between values recorded between the two measurement devices at implant placement, implant exposure and three years following placement. For both the Osstell® and Periotest™ a narrowing of the range of stability values was observed from T1 to T3. In general, Periotest™ seemed to be more sensitive in highlighting differences in measurements affected by local conditions.
Evaluation of the predictive values of collapse and necrotic lesion boundary for osteonecrosis of the femoral head prognosis
Authors: Fan Yinuo , Liu Xuejie , Zhong Yuan , Zhang Jiahao , Liu Yuhao , Fang Hanjun , He Wei , Zhou Chi , Chen Zhenqiu 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disabling and intractable orthopedic disease largely affecting young and middle-aged groups. Current standard of treatment relies on the collapse of femoral head as a predictor for prognosis. However, a wide range of variability in repair potentials is observed in patients with femoral head collapse. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of femoral head collapse as a predictor and to propose the necrotic lesion boundary as a novel yet reliable measure for ONFH prognosis.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 203 hips with ONFH from 134 patients were included. The occurrences and progression of femoral head collapse were recorded. Necrosis lesion boundary was quantified and classified for each case based on anteroposterior view intact ratio (APIR) and the frog-leg view intact ratio (FLIR) as independent variables. Dependent variables were defined as progressive collapse or terminal collapse for Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stage II and III respectively. Logistic regression analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis was performed and results were interpreted.ResultsOut of the 106 hips in ARCO stage II, 31 hips collapsed with further progression, while 75 hips had no collapse or collapse with repair of the necrotic areas. Out of the 97 hips in ARCO stage IIIA, the collapse continued to progress in 58 hips while the necrotic areas were repaired in 39 hips. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that both APIR and FLIR, were independent risk factors. Further ROC curve analysis indicated that the cutoff values of APIR and FLIR could be considered as indications for evaluating the prognosis of ONFH. Contrary to the traditional view of poor prognosis after femoral head collapse, K-M survival analysis demonstrated a high value of APIR and FLIR for ONFH prognosis.ConclusionThe present study found that the occurrence of collapse is an oversimplified predictor for ONFH prognosis. The collapse of the femoral head in ONFH does not predict a poor prognosis. The necrosis lesion boundary has a high value in predicting ONFH prognosis and informing clinical treatment strategies.
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 promotes liver-resident memory T-cell exhaustion in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Changjie , Qian Qiwei , Zhao Yudong , Huang Bingyuan , Chen Ruilin , Gong Qiyu , Ji Hao , Wang Chenchen , Xia Lei , You Zhengrui , Zhang Jianjun , Chen Xiaosong 
Published: March 2023

Background and aimsThe key role of tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells in the immune regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been investigated and reported, but the regulatory mechanism of tumor microenvironment on TRM cells is still unclear. Lymphocyte activating gene 3 (LAG-3) is a promising next-generation immune checkpoint that is continuously expressed due to persistent antigen exposure in the tumor microenvironment. Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) is a classical ligand of LAG-3 and can promote T cell exhaustion in tumors. Here, we excavated the effect of FGL1-LAG3 regulatory axis on TRM cells in HCC.MethodsThe function and phenotype of intrahepatic CD8+ TRM cells in 35 HCC patients were analyzed using multicolor flow cytometry. Using a tissue microarray of 80 HCC patients, we performed the prognosis analysis. Moreover, we investigated the suppressive effect of FGL1 on CD8+ TRM cells both in in vitro induction model and in vivo orthotopic HCC mouse model.ResultsThere was an increase in LAG3 expression in CD8+ TRM cells in end-stage HCC; moreover, FGL1 levels were negatively correlated with CD103 expression and related to poor outcomes in HCC. Patients with high CD8+ TRM cell proportions have better outcomes, and FGL1-LAG3 binding could lead to the exhaustion of CD8+ TRM cells in tumors, indicating its potential as a target for immune checkpoint therapy of HCC. Increased FGL1 expression in HCC may result in CD8+ TRM cell exhaustion, causing tumor immune escape.ConclusionsWe identified CD8+TRM cells as a potential immunotherapeutic target and reported the effect of FGL1-LAG3 binding on CD8+ TRM cell function in HCC.
Plasmodium falciparum infection coinciding with the malaria vaccine candidate BK-SE36 administration interferes with the immune responses in Burkinabe children
Authors: Tiono Alfred B. , Palacpac Nirianne Marie Q. , Bougouma Edith Christiane , Nebie Issa , Ouédraogo Alphonse , Houard Sophie , Arisue Nobuko , D’Alessio Flavia , Horii Toshihiro , Sirima Sodiomon B. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundA vaccine targeting the erythrocyte stages of Plasmodium falciparum could play a role in preventing clinical disease. BK-SE36 is a promising malaria vaccine candidate that has shown a good safety profile and immunological responses during field evaluations. It was observed that repeated natural infections could result in immune tolerance against SE36 molecule.MethodsThe primary trial was conducted to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the BK-SE36 in two cohorts of children aged 25-60 months (Cohort 1) and 12-24 months (Cohort 2). Immunization was at full dose (1.0 mL) administered at 0, 1, and 6 months. Blood samples were collected before each vaccination for immunological assessments and detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection by microscopy. Blood samples were further collected one month post each vaccination to evaluate immunogenicity.ResultsOf seventy-two (72) subjects that have received BK-SE36 vaccination, 71 had available blood smears during vaccination days. One month post Dose 2, the geometric mean of SE36 antibodies was 263.2 (95% CI: 178.9-387.1) in uninfected individuals compared to 77.1 (95% CI: 47.3-125.7) in infected participants. The same trend was observed one-month post booster dose. Participants uninfected at the time of booster vaccination had significantly higher GMTs compared to those who were infected (424.1 (95% CI: 301.9-595.8) vs. 92.8 (95% CI: 34.9-246.6), p = 0.002. There was a 14.3 (95% CI: 9.7-21.1) and 2.4 (95% CI: 1.3-4.4) fold-change, respectively, in uninfected and infected participants between one-month post Dose 2 and booster. The difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionConcomitant infection by P. falciparum during BK-SE36 vaccine candidate administration is associated with reduced humoral responses. However, it is to be noted that the BK-SE36 primary trial was not designed to investigate the influence of concomitant infection on vaccine-induced immune response and should be interpreted cautiously.Trial registrationWHO ICTRP, PACTR201411000934120.