bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dielectric barrier discharge plasma synthesis of Ag/γ-Al2O3 catalysts for catalytic oxidation of CO
Authors: TAO Yunming , XU Yuebing , CHANG Kuan , CHEN Meiling , STAROSTIN Sergey A , XU Hujun , LIN Liangliang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, Ag/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were synthesized by an Ar dielectric barrier discharge plasma using silver nitrate as the Ag source and γ-alumina (γ-Al2O3) as the support. It is revealed that plasma can reduce silver ions to generate crystalline silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of good dispersion and uniformity on the alumina surface, leading to the formation of Ag/γ-Al2O3 catalysts in a green manner without traditional chemical reductants. Ag/γ-Al2O3 exhibited good catalytic activity and stability in CO oxidation reactions, and the activity increased with increase in the Ag content. For catalysts with more than 2 wt% Ag, 100% CO conversion can be achieved at 300 °C. The catalytic activity of the Ag/γ-Al2O3 catalysts is also closely related to the size of the γ-alumina, where Ag/nano-γ-Al2O3 catalysts demonstrate better performance than Ag/micro-γ-Al2O3 catalysts with the same Ag content. In addition, the catalytic properties of plasma-generated Ag/nano-γ-Al2O3 (Ag/γ-Al2O3-P) catalysts were compared with those of Ag/nano-γ-Al2O3 catalysts prepared by the traditional calcination approach (Ag/γ-Al2O3-C), with the plasma-generated samples demonstrating better overall performance. This simple, rapid and green plasma process is considered to be applicable for the synthesis of diverse noble metal-based catalysts.
The issuance and enforcement of interim measures in international arbitration under Chinese law
Authors: Wu Jian’an , Qin Shicong , Wang Xuetong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The issuance and enforcement of interim measures in international arbitration play a critical role for the parties to resolve the dispute and realize the final arbitral award. For arbitration seated in China, the power to issue interim measures traditionally vests exclusively in the Chinese Courts under the current Arbitration Law and Civil Procedure Law of PRC, except for limited types of arbitration. Aiming to align the Chinese arbitration law with international practices, the Ministry of Justice of China introduced the Arbitration Law of the People’s Republic of China (Amendment) (Draft for Comments) in July 2021 which for the first time empowers the arbitral institutions at the legislative level to issue interim measures. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current as well as the newly introduced legal framework in China for the issuance and enforcement of interim measures in foreign-related arbitrations. Although the Amendment recognises the power of arbitral tribunals to issue interim measures in arbitrations seated in China, whether measures issued in arbitrations seated outside of China could be enforced in China remains unclear and the existing Civil Procedure Law of PRC would need to be further clarified to synchronise with the latest reform in Arbitration law.
NMDA-receptor-Fc-fusion constructs neutralize anti-NMDA receptor antibodies
Authors: Steinke Stephan , Kirmann Toni , Loi Eleonora A , Nerlich Jana , Weichard Iron , Kuhn Philipp , Bullmann Torsten , Ritzau-Jost Andreas , Rizalar Filiz Sila , Prüss Harald , Haucke Volker , Geis Christian , Hust Michael , Hallermann Stefan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is the most common subtype of autoimmune encephalitis characterized by a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome usually including memory impairment. Patients develop an intrathecal immune response against NMDARs with antibodies that presumably bind to the amino-terminal domain of the GluN1 subunit. The therapeutic response to immunotherapy is often delayed. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches for fast neutralization of NMDAR antibodies are needed. Here, we developed fusion constructs consisting of the Fc part of immunoglobulin G and the amino-terminal domains of either GluN1 or combinations of GluN1 with GluN2A or GluN2B. Surprisingly, both GluN1 and GluN2 subunits were required to generate high-affinity epitopes. The construct with both subunits efficiently prevented NMDAR binding of patient-derived monoclonal antibodies and of patient CSF containing high-titre NMDAR antibodies. Furthermore, it inhibited the internalization of NMDARs in rodent dissociated neurons and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Finally, the construct stabilized NMDAR currents recorded in rodent neurons and rescued memory defects in passive-transfer mouse models using intrahippocampal injections. Our results demonstrate that both GluN1 and GluN2B subunits contribute to the main immunogenic region of the NMDAR and provide a promising strategy for fast and specific treatment of NMDAR encephalitis, which could complement immunotherapy.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor released from blood platelets prevents dendritic atrophy of lesioned adult central nervous system neurons
Authors: Want Andrew , Nan Xinsheng , Kokkali Eirini , Barde Yves-Alain , Morgan James E 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn humans and other primates, blood platelets contain high concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor due to the expression of the BDNF gene in megakaryocytes. By contrast, mice, typically used to investigate the impact of CNS lesions, have no demonstrable levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in platelets, and their megakaryocytes do not transcribe significant levels of the Bdnf gene. Here, we explore potential contributions of platelet brain-derived neurotrophic factor with two well-established CNS lesion models, using ‘humanized’ mice engineered to express the Bdnf gene under the control of a megakaryocyte-specific promoter. Retinal explants prepared from mice containing brain-derived neurotrophic factor in platelets were labelled using DiOlistics and the dendritic integrity of retinal ganglion cells assessed after 3 days by Sholl analysis. The results were compared with retinas of wild-type animals and with wild-type explants supplemented with saturating concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor or the tropomyosin kinase B antibody agonist, ZEB85. An optic nerve crush was also performed, and the dendrites of retinal ganglion cells similarly assessed 7-day post-injury, comparing the results of mice containing brain-derived neurotrophic factor in platelets with wild-type animals. In mice engineered to contain brain-derived neurotrophic factor in platelets, the mean serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were 25.74 ± 11.36 ng/mL for homozygous and 17.02 ± 6.44 ng/mL for heterozygous mice, close to those determined in primates. Retinal explants from these animals showed robust preservation of dendrite complexity, similar to that seen with wild-type explants incubated with medium supplemented with brain-derived neurotrophic factor or the tropomyosin receptor kinase B antibody agonist, ZEB85. The Sholl areas under curve were 1811 ± 258, 1776 ± 435 and 1763 ± 256 versus 1406 ± 315 in the wild-type control group (P ≤ 0.001). Retinal ganglion cell survival based on cell counts was similar in all four groups, showing ∼15% loss. A robust neuroprotective effect was also observed following optic nerve crush when assessing the dendrites of the retinal ganglion cells in the transgenic mouse, with Sholl area under the curve significantly higher compared to wild-type (2667 ± 690 and 1921 ± 392, P = 0.026), with no significant difference in the contralateral eye controls. Repeat experiments found no difference in cell survival, with both showing ∼50% loss. These results indicate that platelet brain-derived neurotrophic factor has a strong neuroprotective effect on the dendrite complexity of retinal ganglion cells in both an ex vivo and in vivo model, suggesting that platelet brain-derived neurotrophic factor is likely to be a significant neuroprotective factor in primates.
Left atrial intramural haematoma: a fatal complication of cardiac amyloidosis—a case report
Authors: Terashima Rika , Nakagawa Takashi , Hara Hisao , Hiroi Yukio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous left atrial intramural hematoma (LAIH) is extremely rare and there are only two cases of spontaneous LAIH involving cardiac amyloidosis (CA) reported in literature. In both cases, LAIH rapidly compromised hemodynamic stability proving to be a rare yet fatal complication.Case summaryAn 83-year-old man presented with cardiogenic shock. Electrocardiogram showed complete atrioventricular block, and echocardiogram revealed severe hypokinesis and left ventricular hypertrophy. Coronary angiography revealed no significant coronary stenosis and tissue biopsy was taken from the left ventricle. The patient was intubated, placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with intra-aortic balloon pump and temporary pacemaker, and admitted to ICU. Day 6 of admission, he became hemodynamically unstable, and presented with atrial fibrillation. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a newly formed large mass in the left atrium. Day 11 of admission, the patient passed away. Autopsy revealed cardiac amyloidosis and showed the mass to be a left atrial intramural hematoma. Diffuse amyloid deposits were found in the myocardium as well as the blood vessel walls of the region surrounding the LAIH.ConclusionLAIH is a rare yet fatal complication of CA. Autopsy revealed diffuse amyloid deposits within the left atrium may lead to left atrial fragility and contribute to development of LAIH. LAIH should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in the setting of a rapidly growing left atrial mass, and in hemodynamic instability in patients with CA.
Hyperlipidaemia elicits an atypical, T helper 1–like CD4+ T-cell response: a key role for very low-density lipoprotein
Authors: van Os Bram W , Vos Winnie G , Bosmans Laura A , van Tiel Claudia M , Lith Sanne C , den Toom Myrthe S , Beckers Linda , Levels Johannes H M , van Wouw Suzanne A E , Zelcer Noam , Zaal Esther A , Berkers Celia R , van der Lest Chris H A , Helms J Bernd , Weber Christian , Atzler Dorothee , de Winther Menno P J , Baardman Jeroen , Lutgens Esther 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsHyperlipidemia and T cell driven inflammation are important drivers of atherosclerosis, the main underlying cause of cardiovascular disease. Here, we detailed the effects of hyperlipidemia on T cells.Methods and resultsIn vitro, exposure of human and murine CD4+ T cells to very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), but not to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) resulted in upregulation of Th1 associated pathways. VLDL was taken up via a CD36-dependent pathway and resulted in membrane stiffening and a reduction in lipid rafts. To further detail this response in vivo, T cells of mice lacking the LDL receptor (LDLr), which develop a strong increase in VLDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels upon high cholesterol feeding were investigated. CD4+ T cells of hyperlipidemic Ldlr-/- mice exhibited an increased expression of the C-X-C-chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and produced more interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Gene set enrichment analysis identified IFN-γ-mediated signaling as the most upregulated pathway in hyperlipidemic T cells. However, the classical Th1 associated transcription factor profile with strong upregulation of Tbet and Il12rb2 was not observed. Hyperlipidemia did not affect levels of the CD4+ T cell's metabolites involved in glycolysis or other canonical metabolic pathways but enhanced amino acids levels. However, CD4+ T cells of hyperlipidemic mice showed increased cholesterol accumulation and an increased arachidonic acid (AA) to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ratio, which was associated with inflammatory T cell activation.ConclusionsHyperlipidemia, and especially its VLDL component induces an atypical Th1 response in CD4+ T cells. Underlying mechanisms include CD36 mediated uptake of VLDL, and an altered AA/DHA ratio.
A fast 3-D inversion for airborne EM data using pre-conditioned stochastic gradient descent
Authors: Ren Xiuyan , Lai Mingquan , Wang Luyuan , Yin Changchun , Liu Yunhe , Su Yang , Zhang Bo , Ben Fang , Huang Wei 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARY
Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) exploration produces large amounts of data due to its high sampling rate, so that the 3-D inversions take extremely big computation and time consumption. We present a fast 3-D inversion framework for large-scale AEM explorations using a pre-conditioned stochastic gradient descent combined with Gauss–Newton (PSG-GN) method. We adopt a compressed sensing (CS) in the 3-D forward modelling, in which a random undersampling is used to reduce the calculation, while the responses for all survey stations are obtained via a reconstruction technique. For our 3-D AEM inversions, a method of combining the stochastic gradient descent with Gauss–Newton (SG-GN) that requires only a small data set in each iteration instead of the conventional full-batch data (complete original data) inversion have been investigated. To further speed up the 3-D inversion, we develop a pre-conditioner considering the random sampling rate and gradient noise to achieve a fast convergence. We use two synthetic models to test the accuracy, convergence and efficiency of our algorithm. The results show that the conventional inversion with full-batch data and the PSG-GN method can both converge quickly, but our method can enhance the inversion efficiency up to 78 per cent. Finally, we invert a field data set acquired from a massive sulfide deposit in Ireland and obtain the results that agree well with the known geologies.
Seasonal and diel habitat use of blue marlin Makaira nigricans in the North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Andrzejaczek Samantha , Mikles Chloe S , Dale Jonathan J , Castleton Michael , Block Barbara A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Knowledge of blue marlin, Makaira nigricans, movement patterns across a range of spatiotemporal scales is important for understanding the ecology of this epipelagic fish, informing responsible management strategies, and understanding the potential impacts of a changing ocean climate to the species. To gain insight into movement patterns, we analyzed data from 66 blue marlin satellite-tagged between 2001 and 2021 throughout the North Atlantic. We recorded migrations connecting west and east Atlantic tagging locations, as well as long-term residency within small sub-regions. Blue marlin showed a pattern of latitudinal migration, occupying lower latitudes during cooler months and higher latitudes in warmer months. Diving data indicate blue marlin primarily inhabited a shallow vertical habitat with deeper diving associated with higher sea surface temperatures and dissolved oxygen content. Consistent patterns in diel vertical habitat use support the hypothesis that these fish are visual hunters, diving deeper during the day, as well as dawn, dusk, and full moon periods. The wide-ranging movements of blue marlin indicate that traditional spatial management measures, such as static marine reserves, are unlikely to be effective in reducing the fishing mortality of this species. Longer tag deployment durations are required to delineate its annual and multi-annual migratory cycle.
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives of deprescribing in older patients at the end of life in hospice care: a qualitative study using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Alwidyan Tahani , McCorry Noleen K , Parsons Carole 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals’ barriers to and enablers of deprescribing in older hospice patients at the end of life and prioritise relevant theoretical domains for behaviour change to be incorporated into future interventions to facilitate deprescribing.

Methods
Twenty doctors, nurses and pharmacists from four hospices in Northern Ireland participated in qualitative semistructured interviews using Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF)-based topic guides. Data were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed inductively using thematic analysis. Deprescribing determinants were mapped to the TDF enabling the prioritisation of domains for behaviour change.

Key findings
Four prioritised TDF domains represented key barriers to deprescribing implementation; lack of formal documentation of deprescribing outcomes (Behavioural regulation), challenges in communication with patients and families (Skills), lack of implementation of deprescribing tools in practice (Environmental context/resources) and patient and caregiver perceptions of medication (Social influences). Access to information was identified as a key enabler (Environmental context/resources). Perceived risks versus benefits of deprescribing were identified as a key barrier or enabler (Beliefs about consequences).

Conclusions
This study highlights that further guidance on deprescribing in the context of end-of-life is required to address the growing problems of inappropriate prescribing, Guidance should consider factors such as the adoption of deprescribing tools, monitoring and documentation of deprescribing outcomes and how best to discuss prognostic uncertainty.
In vitro gas production kinetics are influenced by grain processing, flake density, starch retrogradation, andAspergillus oryzaefermentation extract containing α-amylase activity
Authors: Schiff Amanda P , Trotta Ronald J , Holder Vaughn , Kreikemeier Kelly K , Harmon David L 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGrain processing such as particle size, flake density, or starch retrogradation can influence ruminal degradability characteristics; however, it is unclear how exogenous α-amylase supplementation interacts with different processed grains. Four experiments were conducted to compare the effects of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract (Amaize; Alltech Biotechnology Inc., Nicholasville, KY) supplementation on in vitro gas production kinetics of grain substrates with different processing methods that are common in the feedlot industry. In experiment 1, corn processing (dry-rolled, high-moisture, steam-flaked) and Amaize supplementation (0 or 15 U α-amylase activity/100 mL) were evaluated in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The rate of gas production for dry-rolled corn was higher (P &lt; 0.001) with Amaize supplementation. In experiment 2, flake density (296, 322, 348, 373, and 399 g/L) and starch retrogradation (storage in heat-sealed foil bags for 3 d at 23 or 55°C) were evaluated in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. There was a flake density × starch retrogradation interaction (P &lt; 0.01) for the rate of gas production because the decrease in the rate of gas production with starch retrogradation was greater at lighter flake densities compared with heavier flake densities. In experiment 3, Amaize supplementation was evaluated across flake densities of nonretrograded steam-flaked corn (stored at 23°C) used in experiment 2. There was a flake density × Amaize interaction (P &lt; 0.01) for the rate of gas production where Amaize supplementation resulted in a lower rate of gas production at lighter flake densities (296, 322, and 348 g/L) but a higher rate of gas production at heavier flake densities (373 and 399 g/L). In experiment 4, Amaize supplementation was evaluated across flake densities of retrograded steam-flaked corn (stored at 55°C) used in experiment 2. Gas production was lower after 24 h with Amaize supplementation for retrograded flakes produced to a density of 322 and 399 g/L while Amaize supplementation did not influence gas production at 24 h at other flake densities. There was a flake density × Amaize interaction for the rate of gas production because Amaize supplementation resulted in a faster (P &lt; 0.01) rate of gas production for all flake densities except retrograded flakes produced to a density of 296 g/L. Enzymatic starch availability was positively correlated with the rate of gas production. These data demonstrate that supplementation of 15 U/100 mL of Amaize resulted in greater rates of gas production for dry-rolled corn, corn steam-flaked to heavier densities, and retrograded steam-flaked corn.
Exendin-4 attenuates atherosclerosis progression via controlling hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell proliferation
Authors: Yan Cen , Ma Xiaojuan , Lam Sin Man , Zhang Yuejie , Cao Yu , Dong Yuan , Su Li , Shui Guanghou , Feng Yingmei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Beyond glycemic control, applications of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1r) agonists (GLP-1 RAs) inhibit inflammation and plaque development in murine atherosclerotic models. However, whether they modulate hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) to prohibit skewed myelopoiesis in hypercholesteremia remains unknown. In this study, GLP-1r expression in fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-sorted wild-type HSPCs was determined by capillary western blotting. Bone marrow cells (BMCs) of wild-type or GLP-1r−/− mice were transplanted into lethally irradiated low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient (LDLr−/−) recipients followed by high-fat diet (HFD) for chimerism analysis by FACS. In parallel, LDLr−/− mice were placed on HFD for 6 weeks and then treated with saline or Exendin-4 (Ex-4) for another 6 weeks. HSPC frequency and cell cycle were analyzed by FACS, and intracellular metabolite levels were assessed by targeted metabolomics. The results demonstrated that HSPCs expressed GLP-1r and transplantation of GLP-1r−/− BMCs resulted in skewed myelopoiesis in hypercholesterolemic LDLr−/− recipients. In vitro, Ex-4 treatment of FACS-purified HSPCs suppressed cell expansion and granulocyte production induced by LDL. In vivo, Ex-4 treatment inhibited plaque progression, suppressed HSPC proliferation, and modified glycolytic and lipid metabolism in HSPCs of hypercholesteremic LDLr−/− mice. In conclusion, Ex-4 could directly inhibit HSPC proliferation induced by hypercholesteremia.
Outside the fiber: Endomysial stromal and capillary pathology in skeletal muscle may impede infusion therapy in infantile-onset Pompe disease
Authors: Buckley Anne F , Desai Ankit K , Ha Christine I , Petersen Maureen A , Estrada Januario C , Waterﬁeld Justin R , Bossen Edward H , Kishnani Priya S 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe survival of infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) patients has improved dramatically since the introduction of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with a1glucosidase alfa. However, long-term IOPD survivors on ERT demonstrate motor deficits indicating that current therapy cannot completely prevent disease progression in skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that in IOPD, skeletal muscle endomysial stroma and capillaries would show consistent changes that could impede the movement of infused ERT from blood to muscle fibers. We retrospectively examined 9 skeletal muscle biopsies from 6 treated IOPD patients using light and electron microscopy. We found consistent ultrastructural endomysial stromal and capillary changes. The endomysial interstitium was expanded by lysosomal material, glycosomes/glycogen, cellular debris, and organelles, some exocytosed by viable muscle fibers and some released on fiber lysis. Endomysial scavenger cells phagocytosed this material. Mature fibrillary collagen was seen in the endomysium, and both muscle fibers and endomysial capillaries showed basal laminar reduplication and/or expansion. Capillary endothelial cells showed hypertrophy and degeneration, with narrowing of the vascular lumen. Ultrastructurally defined stromal and vascular changes likely constitute obstacles to movement of infused ERT from capillary lumen to muscle fiber sarcolemma, contributing to the incomplete efficacy of infused ERT in skeletal muscle. Our observations can inform approaches to overcoming these barriers to therapy.