bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of anterior superior iliac spine preservation on donor site morbidity and function after harvesting a vascularized iliac bone flap
Authors: LiuFu Jian‐Feng , Lv Xiao‐Ming , Yang Zong‐Yan , Kang Yi‐Fan , Xie Shang , Shan Xiao‐Feng , Cai Zhi‐Gang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) preservation on donor site morbidity and function after harvesting a vascularized iliac bone flap (VIBF).MethodsPatients who underwent jaws reconstruction with VIBF were divided into a maintaining the anterior superior iliac spine (MASIS) group and a not maintaining the anterior superior iliac spine (NMASIS) group. Pain, tenderness, sensory deficit, gait disturbance, and function of the donor site were evaluated before and after the operation.ResultsThirty‐three patients were included in this study, of which 18 were in the MASIS group. The incidence of sensory deficit in the MASIS group was significantly lower than that in the NMASIS group (50.0% vs. 86.7%, p = 0.010). Pain, tenderness, gait disturbance, and function did not differ statistically between the two groups.ConclusionExcept for sensory deficit, ASIS preservation has minimal impact on donor site morbidity and function.
The NHS in the UK at 75: On life support or death watch?: It’s the politics, stupid (to misquote Bill Clinton)
Authors: Paton Calum 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis Perspective argues that the NHS in the UK is facing a critical ‘tipping point’ which means that its very survival is at stake. The article considers the political responses to this crisis–(briefly) from the Conservative government; (briefly) from the ‘anti‐NHS’ Right in politics; (briefly) from the ‘centre’ in politics in the form of the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change; and (in depth) from the left‐of‐centre, the Labour Party. Labour is likely to form the next government, which is why its approach (in terms of both political strategy and the substance of health policy) is considered in depth. It is argued that Labour's approach, derived from an understandable desire by leader Sir Keir Starmer to disown its ‘unelectable’ recent past, is currently inadequate for the task of putting the NHS on a secure footing for the future.
Comparative evaluation of brain perfusion with ASL and DSC MRI following intracranial vascular flow diverter stent replacement
Authors: Kaydu Nesrin Erdogan , Cindil Emetullah , Asfuroglu Berrak Barutcu , Onal Baran , Oner Ali Yusuf 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to asses brain perfusion parameters and ischemic changes following treatment of aneurysm with flow diverters with two different perfusion MRI technique (Arterial spin labeling and DSC MRI), and to compare the results and effectiveness of these two methods.MethodsThe prospective data was collected from patients with aneurysm who treated with flow diverters. MR examinations, including diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), ASL, and DSC perfusion MRI, were conducted before and after treatment within the first week and at 6 months. Perfusion parameters of territory area and contralateral side were measured and analyzed by statistically. The relationships between ASL and DSC parameters were analyzed by using Sperman's correlation analysis.ResultsA total of 14 cases of aneurysms in 11 patients treated successfully with endovascular flow diverter stent placement. Pretreatment and post treatment (within first week and 6 months) MRI images were evaluated. Asymptomatic randomly distributed millimetric restricted diffusion foci were observed in 8 of all patients. There was no statistically difference between pre and post treatment perfusion parameters (p > 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was found between variable ASL CBF, and the variables of DSC CBF and TTP.ConclusionsNotwithstanding the fact that flow diverters change flow dynamics in aneurysm sac, there is no any perfusion abnormality in the territory area. Asymptomatic randomly distributed diffusion restricted foci in the both cerebral hemisphere can be observed. ASL and DSC MRI are effective for evaluation of brain perfusion.
Continuous flow stimulation had no significant effect on the growth rate but was conducive to the swimming performance, spontaneous behavior, and nonspecific immune parameter of juvenile Percocypris pingi
Authors: Li Xiuming , Huang Tiji , Deng Chunlin , Fu Shijian , Shi Xiaotao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlow stimulation before release into the wild may contribute to improved survivability of farmed fish. However, the effects of flow stimulation on the survival rate of fish depend on the fish species and exercise regime, such as exercise type, duration, and intensity. In this study, juvenile Percocypris pingi swam for 18 h per day for 8 weeks under different water speeds, 3 cm s−1 (control) and 1, 2, and 4 body lengths (bl) s−1, at 20°C. Then, parameters related to the growth rate, swimming capacity, spontaneous activity, and immune function were measured. We found that (1) continuous flow stimulation had no significant influence on the growth but was conducive to the increase in the relative carcass mass; (2) continuous flow stimulation at 2 or 4 bl s−1 enhanced the aerobic swimming capacity (Ucrit), which may be due to an increase in anaerobic exercise capacity (endurance time) rather than to changes in maximum metabolic rate and aerobic scope; (3) continuous flow stimulation at 4 bl s−1 led to a significant increase in spontaneous activity, which was mainly due to the higher percent time spent moving as compared with the controls; and (4) continuous flow stimulation at 2 bl s−1 may contribute to improving the nonspecific immune parameter (lysozyme activity) in juvenile P. pingi. Our findings suggest that continuous flow stimulation at 2 or 4 bl s−1 for 18 h per day for 56 days at 20°C before release in wild may be a suitable training regime for improving the survival rate of cultured juvenile P. pingi.
A multilevel review of artificial intelligence in organizations: Implications for organizational behavior research and practice
Authors: Bankins Sarah , Ocampo Anna Carmella , Marrone Mauricio , Restubog Simon Lloyd D. , Woo Sang Eun 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe rising use of artificially intelligent (AI) technologies, including generative AI tools, in organizations is undeniable. As these systems become increasingly integrated into organizational practices and processes, understanding their impact on workers' experiences and job designs is critical. However, the ongoing discourse surrounding AI use in the workplace remains divided. Proponents of the technology extol its benefits for enhancing efficiency and productivity, while others voice concerns about the potential harm to human workers. To provide greater clarity on this pressing issue, this article presents a systematic review of empirical research that sheds light on the implications of AI use at work. Organized under five inductively generated themes within a multilevel framework, we uncover individual, group, and organizational factors that shape the interplay between humans and AI. Specifically, the themes are: (1) human–AI collaboration; (2) perceptions of algorithmic and human capabilities; (3) worker attitudes towards AI; (4) AI as a control mechanism in algorithmic management of platform‐based work; and (5) labor market implications of AI use. Our review offers insights into these themes and identifies five pathways for future research. Finally, we provide practical recommendations for organizational leaders seeking to implement AI technologies while prioritizing their employees' well‐being.
Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Voice‐Related Quality of Life Impairment
Authors: Adessa Michelle , Kim Jaehee , Tierney William S. , Benninger Michael 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveMuscle tension in the head and neck may co‐occur with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) possibly leading to voice change. Several studies have reported a correlation between TMD and dysphonia. However, literature on TMD and voice‐related quality of life (QOL) is scant. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between TMD and self‐perceived voice‐related QOL impairment.MethodsPatients from TMD clinic were prospectively surveyed on voice‐related quality of life using the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) questionnaire. Patients were queried using paper and pen upon initial evaluation in dentistry clinic for temporomandibular disorders by a single dentist or dental assistant in the otolaryngology department.ResultsA total of 53 patients completed the VHI. 80% of patients presenting to TMD clinic had VHI scores above zero, but most had minimal to mild impairment. Forty‐two patients had scores between 1 and 86, (average 10.98); 11 patients had a score of zero (20.75%). Total average score: 8.70, range: 0–86, median: 4. Functional average score: 3.13, range: 0–29, median: 1. Physical average score: 3.58. range: 0–25, median: 2. Emotional average score: 1.98, range: 0–32, median: 0; these averages did not differ from historical controls.ConclusionThe majority of patients presenting to TMD clinic also presented with some level of voice‐related QOL impairment, although minimal and consistent with historical VHI controls. Data indicates that TMD disease may be primarily defined as functionally and physically uncomfortable. Incorporation of interdisciplinary care, with laryngology, speech pathology, physical therapy, counseling, and pain management may be warranted.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:315–317, 2024
The impact of natural closed depressions on soil organic carbon storage in eroded loess landscapes of East Poland
Authors: Kołodyńska‐Gawrysiak Renata , Gawrysiak Leszek , Poesen Jean , Plak Andrzej 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoil erosion in loess landscapes results in soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution and storage in SOC pools. Understanding the SOC dynamics is important because changes in the SOC stocks may have impacts on global climate change. However, the topographic‐related patterns controlling SOC storage are not well understood. Closed depressions are natural landforms in loess landscapes and preserve buried Holocene soils and SOC‐rich colluvia resulting from soil erosion and are SOC pools. The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of natural closed depressions on SOC storage in the loess landscape of the Nałęczów Plateau. Buried Holocene soils and colluvial sediments infilling five representative closed depressions were documented and the SOC stocks were calculated. Using GIS analysis SOC from all closed depressions was calculated and mapped. Between 13.5 and 229.78 Mg of SOC are in the entire soil profiles of the studied closed depressions, 10%–21% of the SOC stock is in the topsoils. The SOC stock in all closed depressions of the study area reaches 172.09–265.19 Mg ha−1 and in the soil cover outside the closed depressions is 51.20–105.40 Mg ha−1. SOC from closed depressions varies spatially and increases the SOC stock at regional scale by 0.1–90 Mg ha−1. For about 21% of the study area, the SOC from closed depressions increases the SOC stock in the agricultural landscape by more than 10% (up to 60%). This study highlights the importance of closed depressions for SOC storage and provides a better understanding of its spatial distribution at the regional scale.
Band Structure Engineering Induced Ultraviolet–Visible Emission Bulk Carbon Nitride with Near‐Unity Quantum Yield for Information Security
Authors: Zheng Huibin , Lin Fei , Chen Long , Zhao Zhengui , Shi Yarui , Li Jianxin , Song Haixiang , Wang Yuyan , Ning Honglong , Zhang Junying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the past few years, the photoluminescence (PL) efficiency of carbon nitride materials (CNM) in solution has been greatly improved. However, the PL efficiency of bulk CNM is still very limited. Here a bulk CNM of 2,5,8‐triamino‐tri‐s‐triazine (Melem) with efficient ultraviolet–visible emission is obtained via band structure engineering by simply modifying the calcining atmosphere in the solid‐state reaction. The as‐obtained Melem exhibits much enhanced PL with a near‐unity quantum yield of up to 98.3%, which, as far as it is known, is the highest among all CNM in bulk or solution. The enhanced PL is ascribed to the emission origin evolution from the vacancy‐defect‐dominated emission to the bandgap transition‐dominated emission. Benefiting from the high quantum yield and ultraviolet–visible emission, the as‐obtained Melem powder is successfully used for information security via silk‐screen printing. The information encrypted can be easily decrypted by a 254 nm ultraviolet lamp, while not decryptable by a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp. This research proposes a facile method for the development of highly efficient metal‐free Melem and will also provide significant guidance to the band structure engineering of carbon nitride‐based luminescent materials.
Biomimetic Pericellular Microniche Inspired by Chondron enhances the Cartilage Matrix Accumulation
Authors: Zhong Xiupeng , Bi Gangyuan , Yang Hai , Liu Ying , Zhao Qi , Song Wenjing , Liu Sa , Xie Renjian , Ren Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCartilage repair is currently an inevitable and significant issue due to the prevalence of cartilage defects or osteoarthritis. However, it remains a big challenge worldwide because of the avascular and aneural nature of cartilage. In this paper, a novel biomimetic pericellular microniche (BPM), inspired by chondron composed of chondrocyte and its surrounding pericellular matrix (PCM), is proposed to offer a promising solution to achieve cartilage repair. BPM, with a diameter ≈64 µm, not only mimicked the structure of the chondron but also mimicked the key components of the PCM by artificially synthesizing brush‐like molecules hyaluronic acid‐grafted‐(poly‐2‐acrylamide‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt) (HA/PA) and hyaluronic acid‐grafted‐(poly‐2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (HA/PM). Chondrocyte‐laden BPM is constructed successfully through microfluidic and showed excellent injectability. The encapsulated chondrocyte showed high viability in BPM. F‐Actin and H&E reflected that chondrocytes would grow out of BPM and adhere to the BPM surface through the interaction between CD44 and hyaluronic acid. RT‐qPCR and immunofluorescence staining indicated that the gene expression of type II collagen and aggrecan are upregulated significantly in the BPM. Therefore, the construction of BPM provides a promising strategy for cartilage tissue engineering.
Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐Based Polymers: Recent Overview for the Development of Temperature‐Responsive Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Shaibie Nur Adania , Ramli Nurul Afina , Mohammad Faizal Nur Dini Fatini , Srichana Teerapol , Mohd Amin Mohd Cairul Iqbal 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTemperature is a widely incorporated stimulus in pharmaceutical applications because of its efficiency as a therapeutic medium; thus, substantial evidence on temperature‐responsive polymer applications is reported. Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) is a well‐established, temperature‐responsive polymer that exhibits a low critical solution temperature (LCST) at ≈ 32°C, which is close to physiological temperature. Hence, they are widely used in various pharmaceutical applications, such as drug delivery with nanocarriers and thermogels. Varying the LCST for different applications can be achieved by copolymerization with other hydrophobic or hydrophilic molecules, making it a favorable smart polymer. PNIPAAm is reported to enhance drug delivery by incorporation with nanocarriers and to facilitate prolonged drug delivery, thereby avoiding the burst release of drugs in temperature‐responsive hydrogels. The application of PNIPAAm is not limited to drug delivery, and it is also applied in biomedical applications such as chromatography systems and cell culture applications, where its incorporation in cell culture media enhances cell production. The unique and versatile properties of PNIPAAm render it a promising smart polymer for various functional applications. Hence, this review focuses on the diverse applications of PNIPAAm.
The design and characterization of a novel dynamic collimator system for synchrotron radiotherapy applications
Authors: Barnes Micah J. , Afshar Nader , Cameron Matthew , Hausermann Daniel , Hardcastle Nicholas , Lerch Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNovel synchrotron radiotherapy techniques are currently limited to using prefabricated beam‐limiting blocks for field definition. For large experiments, a single square tungsten block is often used for every treatment since conformal blocks are both patient and field specific, and require long lead times for fabrication. Future synchrotron radiotherapy treatments would benefit from a dynamic collimator system.PurposeWe developed and tested a novel collimator design for use on the Imaging and Medical Beamline (IMBL) at the ANSTO Australian Synchrotron.MethodsThe maximum usable beam size on IMBL is 50‐mm wide by 3‐mm tall. Given the beam shape, targets must be vertically scanned through the synchrotron beam to cover the target volume. To shape the beam, a novel collimator design was developed, consisting of two semi‐circular leaves made from 4‐mm thick tungsten sheets, with each leaf capable of both vertical and horizontal movement. A software model was created to optimize motor trajectories and generate deliverable treatment fields. A series of geometric field shapes and clinical target volumes were delivered using the collimator and imaged with a digital imaging detector. Four similarity metrics (volumetric similarity, DICE, and the average and maximum Hausdorff distances) were used to measure differences between the input and planned fields, and the planned and delivered fields.ResultsDifferences between input and planned fields increased with delivery speed, and were worse for rectangular and square fields compared to circular fields. However, the differences between planned and delivered fields were small, where the maximum average deviation between the fields was 0.25 mm (one pixel). Field repeatability was consistent with no difference (σ = 0 for all metrics) observed in consecutively delivered fields.ConclusionsWe have successfully built and demonstrated a novel collimator for synchrotron radiotherapy applications on IMBL. Several design improvements have been highlighted and will be addressed in future revisions the collimator. However, in its current state, the collimator enables dynamically delivered conformal treatment fields to be utilized on IMBL, and is ready to support the forthcoming canine treatments on IMBL.
A consistent linearization scheme for KGD problems using fracture tip asymptotic solutions
Authors: Jin Tao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, a fluid volume enrichment strategy based on the asymptotic solutions near the crack tip was proposed for fluid‐driven fracture propagation problems. Despite its successes in various benchmark and field‐scale problems of hydraulic fracturing simulations, the aforementioned enrichment strategy has the following limitations. First, the tightly coupled solid‐fluid nonlinear system cannot be consistently linearized due to the fast marching method applied to solve the Eikonal equation for fracture tracking. As a result, an approximated Jacobian had to be deployed for the Newton‐Raphson iterations. This is particularly troublesome when the fracture front propagates into newly fractured cells, since a large number of nonlinear iterations are required for convergence because of the inconsistent linearization. Second, the existing method only focused on the viscosity‐dominated fracture propagation regime. Even though the extension of the method to the toughness‐dominated regime could be relatively straightforward, it is not immediately clear how to apply the enrichment technique to the transition regime. This work is dedicated to address the above two limitations. Specifically, a unified fracture propagation criterion is proposed, which not only works for the viscosity‐dominated regime, but also for the toughness‐dominated regime and the transition regime in between. The techniques to consistently linearize the coupled solid‐fluid system and properly initialize the primary unknowns are demonstrated, which result in the significant reduction of required number of nonlinear iterations for convergence. The proposed technique is demonstrated in the context of the Khristianovic‐Geertsma‐de Klerk (KGD) problems due to its relative simplicity.
Serial dependence in timing at the perceptual level being modulated by working memory
Authors: Chen Shuai , Wang Tianhe , Bao Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent experiences bias the perception of following stimuli, as has been verified in various kinds of experiments in visual perception. This phenomenon, known as serial dependence, may reflect mechanisms to maintain perceptual stability. In the current study, we examined several key properties of serial dependence in temporal perception. Firstly, we examined the source of the serial dependence effect in temporal perception. We found that perception without motor reproduction is sufficient to induce the sequential effect; motor reproduction caused a stronger effect and is achieved by biasing the perception of the future target duration rather than directly influencing the subsequent movement. Secondly, we ask how working memory influences serial dependence in a temporal reproduction task. By varying the delay time between standard duration and the reproduction, we showed that the strength of serial dependence is enhanced as the delay increased. Those features of serial dependence are consistent with what has been observed in visual perceptual tasks, for example, orientation perception or location perception. The similarities between the visual and the timing tasks may suggest a similar neural coding mechanism of magnitude between the visual stimuli and the duration.
Prenatal diagnosis of Myhre syndrome with a heterozygous pathogenic variant in SMAD4 gene presented with thick nuchal translucency and cardiac abnormalities
Authors: Hui Pui Wah , Mok Yin Kwan , Luk Ho Ming , Au Sandy Leung Kuen , Lau Eunice Yuen Ting , Chung Brian , Kan Anita Sik Yau 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrenatal testing was performed in a 39‐year‐old Chinese pregnant woman referred for increased nuchal translucency measuring 5.7 mm. Non‐invasive prenatal testing and SNP array study on amniotic fluid samples were normal. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was initiated further as the fetus had pericardial effusion of 1.2 mm, thickened myocardium over the right ventricular lateral wall and aberrant right subclavian artery. A detailed fetal echocardiogram also revealed persistent left superior vena cava and dilated coronary sinus at 20 weeks. From whole exome sequencing of the trio, a de novo heterozygous variant NM_005359.5(SMAD4): c.1499T>C (p.Ile500Thr) was detected. This pathogenic variant has been reported in the postnatal case cohort of Myhre syndrome. This condition is characterized by facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, hearing loss, skeletal abnormalities and potential life threatening respiratory or cardiovascular manifestations. Termination of pregnancy was performed at 23 weeks. Small chins, pre‐axial polydactyly, brachydactyly and clinodactyly were noted in the abortus. Ultrasound findings of increased nuchal translucency, thickened myocardium and pericardial effusion prompted further genetic evaluation for the prenatal diagnosis of Myhre syndrome by whole exome sequencing.