bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of note taking as a visual mediation strategy on the formation of equivalence classes
Authors: Frampton Sarah E. , Axe Judah B. , Miguel Caio F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA graphic organizer (GO) is a note‐taking device with concepts and fill‐in spaces that may enhance equivalence yields under suboptimal training and testing parameters (e.g., linear training, simultaneous testing, five‐member all‐abstract classes). We used a nonconcurrent multiple‐probe design across eight adult participants to evaluate the effects of a treatment package consisting of abstract matching‐to‐sample baseline relations training (MTS‐BRT) and GO‐construction training. GOs were faded until participants drew or wrote the trained relations from a blank page, which was available in the pre‐ and posttests. There was a 75% yield (six of eight participants) on the first posttest and a 100% yield following remedial training with Set 1. With Set 2, MTS‐BRT alone resulted in voluntary GO construction and a 75% yield (three of four participants) on the first posttest and a 100% yield following remedial training. These results suggest that teaching participants to draw relations among stimuli may strengthen the effects of MTS‐BRT training on equivalence yields.
Raman identification of single cell component and FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3‐internal tandem duplications subtype for clinical acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Wang Yimeng , Wu Yihui , Chi Mingbo , Li Mingxin , Gao Sujun , Su Long , Han Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant clonal blood disease of hematopoietic stem cells with poor prognosis. Traditional diagnosis of AML depends on the morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, and molecular biology (MICM) classification. As a rapid, label‐free and non‐destructive detection method, Raman spectroscopy can characterize the molecular information in the biochemical process at the molecular level through peak position, intensity and other information. In this paper, we collected leukemic blast cells from 19 AML patients. Firstly, it was proved that with the help of multivariate analysis methods such as principal component analysis‐linear discriminant analysis (PCA‐LDA) and multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares (MCR‐ALS), Raman spectroscopy could effectively distinguish AML cells from normal leukocytes, and the accuracy rate was up to 96.71%. The results showed that compared with normal leukocytes, multiple components of information decomposed by the AML spectrum represented abnormal alterations in proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates in leukemia cells. Secondly, the same procedure was used to further detect different types of AML and found that Raman spectroscopy could distinguish AML cells with FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3‐Internal Tandem Duplications (FLT3‐ITD) mutations or not, and there were differences in spectral characteristics corresponding to nucleic acids and proteins (amino acids). The above results revealed that Raman spectroscopy has great potential for clinical diagnosis and mechanistic study of AML.
Interfacial compositions of fat globules modulate structural characteristics and lipolysis of its model emulsions during in‐vitro digestion
Authors: Sun Yue , Liu Shuming , Ma Shuaiyi , Sun Lina , Li Xiaodong , Liu Lu , Ma Chunli , Fanny Massounga Bora Awa , Jiao Yang , Bi Lianji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated whether milk fat globule membrane as an emulsifier could make fat easier for infants to digest. An emulsion was formed using the membrane material, where anhydrous milk fat was used as the core material, milk fat globule membrane polar lipid (MPL) as the emulsifier, and soybean phospholipid (PL) and milk protein concentrate (MPC) incorporated as control emulsifiers. Structural characterization, glyceride composition, and fatty acid release from emulsions by in vitro digestion were investigated.RESULTSThe average particle size at the end of intestinal digestion was in the order MPL < PL < MPC, with diameters of 3.41 ± 0.51 μm, 3.53 ± 0.47 μm, and 10.46 ± 2.33 μm respectively. Meanwhile, laser scanning confocal microscopy results also illustrated that MPL could reduce the degree of aggregation during digestion. The lipolysis degree of MPL emulsion was higher than that of PL and MPC emulsions. MPL not only released higher levels of long‐chain fatty acids, such as C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, which are of great significance for infant growth and development, but also released increased levels of C20:4 (arachidonic acid) and C22:6 (docosahexaenoic acid) than PL and MPC emulsions did.CONCLUSIONFat droplets enveloped by milk fat globule MPLs were easier to digest and are therefore more suitable for infant formula. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Switchable polarization volume gratings for augmented reality waveguide displays
Authors: Li Yannanqi , Semmen John , Yang Qian , Wu Shin‐Tson 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new electrically driven polymer‐stabilized polarization volume grating (PVG) is developed. The diffraction efficiency can be modulated by a vertical electric field. A small amount of liquid crystal monomer is doped into the host cholesteric liquid crystal to form a stabilized polymer network to make the unwinding process reversible. The fabricated device exhibits submillisecond response time, a large range of diffraction efficiency modulation, and clear see‐through capability. Some potential applications are demonstrated, including a significantly suppressed rainbow effect, enhanced light efficiency, and expanded field of view for a waveguide‐based augmented reality display. The unique properties and benefits of switchable PVGs could open a new space in near‐eye display research, especially novel optical systems for augmented reality waveguide displays.
Electromagnetic and RF pulse design simulation based optimization of an eight‐channel loop array for 11.7T brain imaging
Authors: Chu Son , Gras Vincent , Mauconduit Franck , Massire Aurélien , Boulant Nicolas , Gunamony Shajan 
Published: March 2023

PurposeOptimization of transmit array performance is crucial in ultra‐high‐field MRI scanners such as 11.7T because of the increased RF losses and RF nonuniformity. This work presents a new workflow to investigate and minimize RF coil losses, and to choose the optimum coil configuration for imaging.MethodsAn 8‐channel transceiver loop‐array was simulated to analyze its loss mechanism at 499.415 MHz. A folded‐end RF shield was developed to limit radiation loss and improve the efficiency. The coil element length, and the shield diameter and length were further optimized using electromagnetic (EM) simulations. The generated EM fields were used to perform RF pulse design (RFPD) simulations under realistic constraints. The chosen coil design was constructed to demonstrate performance equivalence in bench and scanner measurements.ResultsThe use of conventional RF shields at 11.7T resulted in significantly high radiation losses of 18.4%. Folding the ends of the RF shield combined with optimizing the shield diameter and length increased the absorbed power in biological tissue and reduced the radiation loss to 2.4%. The peak of the optimal array was 42% more than the reference array. Phantom measurements validated the numerical simulations with a close match of within 4% of the predicted .ConclusionA workflow that combines EM and RFPD simulations to numerically optimize transmit arrays was developed. Results have been validated using phantom measurements. Our findings demonstrate the need for optimizing the RF shield in conjunction with array element design to achieve efficient excitation at 11.7T.
Blickpunkt Anorganik:Uranpräkursoren im Labor
Authors: Vondung Lisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJede Metallkomplexsynthese startet mit dem Metallpräkursor – häufig ein Halogenidsalz. Die meisten Präkursoren der Hauptgruppen‐ und Übergangsmetalle sowie der Lanthanoide sind käuflich. Für Uran hingegen muss man selbst Hand anlegen.
Measuring the thickness of thin sintered layers precisely
Authors: Houta Faiza , Quinten Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOptical thickness determination with miniaturized spectrometers is a commonly used technique that works quite well in many applications. For sintered materials however, this technique must be extended by the determination of the optical constants of the sintered material. This can be done using a combination of scanning electron microscopy and effective medium approaches. In this article, we demonstrate this for the optical thickness determination of sintered Al2O3 layers in quartz tubes.
3D‐printed GRIN tools for synchrospeed polishing
Authors: Fähnle Oliver , Kern Kerstin , Allaart Jan , Surberg Henrik , Bliedtner Jens , Schulze Christian , Henkel Sebastian , Heineck Volker , Bode Jürgen , Wagner Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdditive technologies allow the flexible production of gradient index (GRIN) polishing tools with specifically adaptable removal functions. These were successfully developed and investigated for synchrospeed polishing.
Novel left ventricular mechanical index in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Ichimura Kenzo , Santana Everton J. , Kuznetsova Tatiana , Cauwenberghs Nicholas , Sabovčik František , Chun Lindsey , Francisco Nadia L. C. , Kheyfets Vitaly O. , Salerno Michael , Zamanian Roham T. , Spiekerkoetter Edda , Haddad Francois 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVentricular interdependence plays an important role in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It can decrease left ventricular (LV) longitudinal strain (LVLS) and lead to a leftward displacement (“transverse shortening”) of the interventricular septum (sTS). For this study, we hypothesized the ratio of LVLS/sTS would be a sensitive marker of systolic ventricular interactions in PAH. In a cross‐sectional cohort of patients with PAH (n = 57) and matched controls (n = 57), we quantified LVLS and septal TS in the amplitude and time domain. We then characterized LV phenotypes using upset plots, ventricular interactions using network analysis, and longitudinal analysis in a representative cohort of 45 patients. We also measured LV metrics in mice subjected to pulmonary arterial banding (PAB) using a 7 T magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, Week 1, and Week 7 post‐PAB (N = 9). Patients with PAH had significantly reduced absolute LVLS (15.4 ± 3.4 vs. 20.1 ± 2.3%,p < 0.0001), higher sTS (53.0 ± 12.2 vs. 28.0 ± 6.2%,p < 0.0001) and lower LVLS/sTS (0.30 ± 0.09 vs. 0.75 ± 0.16,p < 0.0001) compared to controls. Reduced LVLS/sTS was observed in 89.5% of patients, while diastolic dysfunction, impaired LVLS (<16%), and LV atrophy were observed in 73.7%, 52.6%, and 15.8%, respectively. In the longitudinal cohort, changes in LVLS/sTS were closely associated with changes in N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (r = 0.73,p < 0.0001) as well as survival. Mice subjected to PAB showed significant RV systolic dysfunction and decreased LVLS/sTS compared to sham animals. We conclude that in PAH, LVLV/sTS is a simple ratio that can reflect ventricular systolic interactions.
Economic burden of illness among patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with connective tissue disorders (CTD)
Authors: Tsang Yuen , Panjabi Sumeet , Funtanilla Vienica , Germack Hayley D. , Gauthier‐Loiselle Marjolaine , Manceur Ameur M. , Liu Stephanie , Cloutier Martin , Lefebvre Patrick 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is commonly associated with connective tissue disorders (CTDs). This study provides a contemporary assessment of the economic burden of CTD + PAH and PAH in the United States. Eligible adult patients identified from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (10/01/2015‐09/30/2021) were classified into mutually exclusive cohorts based on recorded diagnoses: (1) CTD + PAH, (2) PAH, (3) CTD, (4) control without CTD/PAH. The index date was a randomly selected diagnosis date for PAH (CTD + PAH, PAH cohorts) or CTD (CTD cohort), or a random date (control cohort). Entropy balancing was used to balance characteristics across cohorts. Healthcare costs and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) per patient per month (PPPM) were assessed for ≤12 months postindex and compared among balanced cohorts. A total of 552,900 patients were included (CTD + PAH: n = 1876; PAH: n = 8177; CTD: n = 209,156; control: n = 333,691). Average total all‐cause costs were higher for CTD + PAH than PAH cohort ($16,854 vs. $15,686 PPPM; p = 0.02); both cohorts incurred higher costs than CTD and control cohorts ($4476 and $2170 PPPM; all p < 0.001). Average HRU PPPM was similar between CTD + PAH and PAH cohorts (inpatient stay: 0.15 vs. 0.15, outpatient visits: 4.23 vs. 4.11; all p > 0.05), while CTD and control cohorts incurred less HRU (inpatient stay: 0.07 and 0.03, outpatient visits: 2.67 and 1.69; all p < 0.001). CTD + PAH and PAH are associated with a substantial economic burden. The incremental burden attributable to PAH versus the general population and patients with CTD without PAH highlights significant unmet needs among PAH patients.
Quality of life and functional status after pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: A Swedish single‐center study
Authors: Kallonen Janica , Corbascio Matthias , Rådegran Göran , Bredin Fredrik , Sartipy Ulrik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLittle is known about long‐term quality of life (QOL) and functional status after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We investigated QOL and functional status late after PEA. All patients who underwent PEA for CTEPH 1993–2020 at one Swedish center were included. Baseline characteristics and data from right heart catheterization, 6‐min walk test, and Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) were obtained from patient charts and national registers. The RAND 36‐Item Health Survey was sent by post, and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) was evaluated by telephone. A total of 110 patients were included. The survey was completed by 49/66 (74%) patients who were alive in 2020. In all domains except for bodily pain, QOL was slightly lower than that of an age‐matched reference population. The KPS score was obtained from 42/49 (86%) patients; of these, 31 patients (74%) had a KPS score of ≥80% (able to carry on normal activity). All 42 patients were able to live at home and care for personal needs. The median postoperative CAMPHOR scores were: 4 for symptoms, 4 for activity, and 2.5 for QOL. We observed that QOL after PEA approached the expected QOL in a reference population and that CAMPHOR scores were comparable to those of a large UK cohort after PEA. Functional status improved when assessed late after PEA. Three‐quarters of the study population were able to conduct normal activities at late follow‐up. Our findings suggest that many patients enjoy satisfactory QOL and high functional status late after PEA.
A novel test case prioritization approach for black‐box testing based on K‐medoids clustering
Authors: Chen Jinfu , Gu Yuechao , Cai Saihua , Chen Haibo , Chen Jingyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRegression testing is an essential and expensive process in software testing. However, there may be insufficient resources for the execution of all test cases during regression testing. Test case prioritization (TCP) techniques improve the efficiency of regression testing by adjusting the test case execution sequence. Traditional TCP techniques usually rely on the historical execution information of the software under test for more efficient results. String distance‐based TCP (SD‐TCP) avoids these limitations; it uses only the textual difference information of the test cases themselves for prioritization. However, the time overhead on the sorting process of this method is not ideal, and the extreme test case inputs have an impact on the stability of the method. To address these problems, we propose a novel test case prioritization strategy, it first classifies the test cases more finely using the K‐medoids algorithm and then transforms the set into subsequences and improves the early diversity by greedy sorting within clusters. Finally, the test cases are selected through a polling strategy to compose the execution sequence. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms SD‐TCP in better time efficiency on test case prioritization; it also has a higher average percentage of fault detected (APFD) value than random prioritization (RP) and SD‐TCP.
Energy‐efficient task scheduling and resource management in a cloud environment using optimized hybrid technology
Authors: Kalai Arasan K. , Anandhakumar P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCloud computing is a significant platform emerging for IT enterprises, business applications, and mobile computing. It is a dynamic environment where efficiently and properly allocating resources in such an environment becomes a tedious task. Most existing approaches cannot guarantee energy‐efficient resource management due to the existence of time‐dependent tasks. Cloud resources consume a huge amount of energy, which may reduce the Makespan of the entire network. The process of appropriate task scheduling may satisfy the user's requirement. Reducing energy consumption by satisfying the user's QoS requirements is essential to ensure each user's service level agreement (SLA). Therefore, to achieve an energy‐efficient and unique task scheduling, a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) based unique ranking (uRank‐TOPSIS) and a Hybrid state‐action‐reward‐state‐action (SARSA), Reinforcement Learning with Black widow Algorithm (HSRLBA) are proposed in this paper. Here, the task scheduling process is carried out using the uRank‐TOPSIS process by producing a set of unique weights and ranking the alternatives. Also, HSRLBA is used to perform resource allocation, which uses the Black widow Algorithm (BWA) to rapidly converge parallel agents in the SARSA model of RL. The Cloudsim simulator is used for experiments. The efficiency of the proposed framework is measured in terms of Makespan, Task Completion Ratio (TCR), total energy consumption, response time and resource utilization. The proposed uRank‐TOPSIS and HSRLBA achieved an energy consumption of 325 KWh, response time of 15.42 s, Makespan of the 1150 s, TCR of 98% and resource utilization of 92%. The proposed framework maximizes TCR and resource utilization and minimizes the Makespan, energy consumption, and response time.
Leading the path toward sustainable freshwater management: Reconciling challenges and opportunities in historical, hybrid, and novel ecosystem types
Authors: Erős Tibor , Hermoso Virgilio , Langhans Simone D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to their importance for human development and well‐being, freshwater ecosystems are among the most threatened and modified in the world; a situation that is expected to intensify in the future. Freshwaters convey a mix of novel, historical, and hybrid systems, each with different values and opportunities for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services provision. We argue that securing future access to freshwater services, while halting aquatic biodiversity loss, requires an evaluation of the opportunities offered and challenges imposed by each of these types of systems. Such an inventory can then build the basis to systematically plan restoration, conservation and management actions with the goal of harmonizing the multiplicity of co‐occurring freshwater‐related interests. Developing river basin management plans that integrate these multiple, often conflicting interests poses complex challenges, including (1) the current ecosystem condition that defines to a large extent what type of objectives can realistically be aimed at, (2) socioeconomic needs that limit our capacity to modify current conditions, for example, drinking water and energy provided by large dams, and (3) governance constraints related to managing large, often transboundary, river basins. Multi‐objective management planning rooted in systematic conservation planning can help overcome these challenges. Consequently, we argue that adequate planning must play a key role when designing river basin management plans to make the most of the opportunities associated with local freshwater ecosystem types. We call for governments to embrace and promote a systematic approach to river basin management planning to create the urgently needed pan‐global shift toward a sustainable biodiverse freshwater future.This article is categorized under:Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and AwarenessWater and Life > MethodsEngineering Water > Planning Water
Description of an HAWT hub enabling teetering about two out‐of‐plane axes with modeling showing significant reductions in cyclic behavior and fatigue due to turbulence and wind shear
Authors: Ramsland Arnold 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA three‐bladed, dual‐axis teetering hub (3T) has been developed and compared to a three‐bladed rigid hub (3R) using computer modeling. Both hubs were fitted to a hypothetical 5‐MW offshore wind turbine mounted on an offshore floating platform. Cyclic analysis showed the 3T hub significantly reduced the impact of wind shear on the blades and virtually eliminated the impact of both turbulence and wind shear on the main shaft bearing and yaw bearing. Lifetime fatigue studies for the two hubs were performed using a rainflow‐counting program at various levels of turbulence and wind shear. Studies showed the significant reductions in cyclic variation provided by the 3T hub resulted in significant reductions in lifetime fatigue in comparison to the 3R hub. Simulations with the 3T hub showed an increase in turbulence caused a very small increase in blade fatigue but no increase in fatigue for the main shaft bearing and yaw bearing. In contrast, fatigue studies with the 3R hub showed an increase in turbulence caused significant damage to the blades and a combined increase in turbulence and wind shear caused extremely significant damage to the blades. This paper introduces a recently patented hub design that is superior to the ball‐and‐socket design described in a prior paper by this author.