bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of a mixing‐fog event using WRF‐LES numerical simulations
Authors: Dimitrova Reneta N. , Fernando Harindra J. S. , Silver Zachariah , Bardoel Stef L. , Dorman Clive E. , Koračin Darko , Vladimirov Evgeni , Giani Paolo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe prediction of fog using numerical weather forecasting models is a continuing challenge due to the combined influence of processes at different spatial and temporal scales as well as nonlinear interactions between them, especially in coastal regions. The focus of this work is on a specific mixing‐fog event observed during the “Toward Improving Coastal Fog Prediction” field campaign at the Ferryland field site, when a cold‐frontal air mass arriving from the northeast approached the Downs peninsula, Newfoundland, Canada. Simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model using a Large Eddy Simulation option (WRF‐LES) were used to study physical processes at different scales contributing to the life cycle of fog. The model was thoroughly evaluated by conducting simulations with a suite of available model options and comparing results with observations, and the best set of options selected were used for simulations of the present field case to reveal the formation, evolution, and dissipation of fog. Our analysis suggests four factors that play a role on the fog formation: (i) synoptic scale – advection of cold moist air over shallow warmer coastal waters creates a shallow marine boundary layer capped by inversion; (ii) mesoscale – low cloud formation strengthens the inversion by releasing latent heat at the top of the cloud, thus generating convective instability and downward mixing in the cloud layer; this further enhances the descent of the lower boundary (base) of the cloud layer; (iii) local scale – near‐surface turbulence induced by the collision of cold denser air mass with an orographic barrier can promote mixing, cooling of the air and fog initiation; and (iv) microscale – mixing of near‐saturated with saturated air and decrease in temperature drive the water vapor condensation. All described processes have significant roles and play together to provide favorable conditions to patchy fog/mist formation for the described case.
Compost Application Enhances Soil Health and Maintains Crop Yield: Insights From 56 Farmer‐Managed Arable Fields
Authors: Edlinger Anna , Herzog Chantal , Garland Gina , Walder Florian , Banerjee Samiran , Keel Sonja G. , Mayer Jochen , Philippot Laurent , Romdhane Sana , Schiedung Marcus , Schmidt Michael W. I. , Seitz Benjamin , Wüst‐Galley Chloé , van der Heijden Marcel G. A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionImproving soil health while maintaining crop yield is a key challenge for farmers. So far, only a few studies assessed the effects of compost and solid digestate application on soil health and plant yield under practical on‐farm conditions across both organic and conventional cropping systems.Materials and MethodsThis study examined 56 arable fields in Switzerland, managed either conventionally (n = 39) or organically (n = 17) by individual farmers. Fields were categorised based on their fertilisation history: standard fertilisation (n = 21), including livestock manure, slurry, and mineral fertilisers (reference), or with additional compost (n = 26) or solid digestate (n = 9) amendments. Soil health was assessed based on eight chemical, biological, and physical soil health indicators.ResultsCompost use, but not solid digestate use, was associated with enhanced average soil health ( + 31% over reference fields), driven by increases in basal respiration ( + 45%), cation exchange capacity ( + 42%), fungal richness ( + 18%), and marginally higher soil organic carbon stocks ( + 28%). These differences were consistent across management systems, despite site variability. Clay content and extended periods of crop cover also positively influenced soil health. Wheat yields were 21% lower under organic management but unaffected by compost or digestate use.ConclusionThese findings suggest that using compost alongside practices like extended periods of crop cover can effectively promote soil health while maintaining yields in practical farming scenarios, offering a means to balance multiple sustainability goals simultaneously.
Empowering Sustainable Infrastructure and Sustainable Development Goals Through Industry 5.0 Implementation
Authors: Daoud Ahmed Osama , Kineber Ahmed Farouk , Ali Ali Hassan , Elseknidy Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe transition to Industry 5.0 represents a significant transformation in the global industrial landscape, combining advanced technology with human creativity to promote sustainable development. This study investigates the potential of Industry 5.0 to advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within sustainable infrastructure projects, addressing a critical gap in existing research concerning its practical applications and outcomes. Utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS‐SEM), the study analyzes data collected from 150 construction professionals in Egypt, focusing on key enablers such as digital transformation skills, eco‐innovation, and proactive governmental support. The results demonstrate that these Industry 5.0 enablers significantly enhance environmental resilience, social inclusivity, and economic efficiency in infrastructure projects. The research offers a novel theoretical framework and empirical evidence on the constructive role of Industry 5.0 in achieving sustainable infrastructure outcomes, providing valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and academic researchers. These findings highlight the potential of Industry 5.0 to drive innovation that aligns with the SDGs and fosters sustainable, human‐centric development.
Enhanced Performance of Particulate Oxynitride Photoanodes by Electron‐Collecting‐Oxide Array Insertion for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Gong Chaoxiu , Feng Jiahui , Hu Meiqin , Liu Shujuan , Luo Jianqiang , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Jingsheng , Zhu Ting , Kang Jiahao , Xiong Feng‐Qiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe collection of photogenerated electrons is a bottleneck to the photoelectrochemical performance of particulate photoanodes. In this work, the electron‐conducting array insertion strategy is applied for the assembly of LaTiO2N and SrNbO2N particulate photoanodes, and the candidates of conductive arrays are expanded from rigid vertically grown ZnO nanorod arrays to multi‐directionally grown ZnO nanoparticle arrays. ZnO nanorod arrays and ZnO nanoparticle arrays were inserted via electrodepositing ZnO from Zn(NO3)2 aqueous solution and n‐butanolic solution, respectively. By inserting a ZnO nanoparticle array, the performance of the assembled LaTiO2N micron particulate photoanodes is improved by 2 orders of magnitude compared to the uninserted one, and the photocurrent at 1.23 VRHE reaches 4.53 mA cm−2, slightly higher than 4.03 mA cm−2 (of the one assembled with a ZnO nanorod array). On the other hand, the performance of SrNbO2N hundred‐nanometer particulate photoanodes assembled with ZnO nanoarrays are 6–11 times of the uninserted one, and the photocurrent at 1.23 VRHE of the one assembled with a ZnO nanoparticle array reaches 1.88 mA cm−2, significantly higher than 0.97 mA cm−2 (of the one assembled with a ZnO nanorod array).
Palladium‐Catalyzed Site‐Selective C─H Alkoxylation Using Biorelevant Heterocyclic Directing Groups
Authors: Rallabandi Jithender , Shown Indrajit 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study introduces a novel palladium‐catalyzed alkoxylation method via C─H activation, utilizing an intrinsic, weakly coordinating directing group (DG) derived from bioactive molecules. This approach is particularly relevant for the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, offering a versatile tool for functionalizing complex compounds. The success and site selectivity of this method are determined by the choice of catalytic systems and reaction conditions, including the catalyst, ligand, solvent, and temperature. The substrate scope demonstrates broad applicability, particularly for modifying bioactive scaffolds, highlighting the method's generalizability. This protocol provides a promising route for altering pharmaceutical compounds and other critical chemical products with exceptional regioselectivity. The discovery of an intrinsic DG, combined with the ability to fine‐tune reaction conditions, positions this methodology as a significant advancement for functionalization processes in pharmaceutical and chemical applications, paving the way for further exploration in these fields.
Molecular Engineering of 2′, 7′‐Dichlorofluorescein to Unlock Efficient Superoxide Anion NIR‐II Fluorescent Imaging and Tumor Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Xu Lizhen , Wang Xin , Huang Ling , Dai Lixuan , Tan Dan , Lin Weiying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough classical fluorescent dyes feature advantages of high quantum yield, tunable “OFF‐ON” fluorescence, and modifiable chemical structures, etc., their bio‐applications in deep tissue remains challenging due to their excessively short emission wavelength (that may lead to superficial tissue penetration depth). Therefore, there is a pressing need for pushing the wavelength of classical dyes from visible region to NIR‐II window. As a representative classical dye, the 2′,7′‐Dichlorofluorescein (DCF), a derivative of Fluorescein, is selected and rationally engineered to develop a novel NIR‐II platform, CR‐OH, which exhibits a substantial red‐shift in the wavelength from the visible region to the NIR‐II region. This achievement is attributed to molecular modification strategies that include extending π‐conjugation, enhancing molecular rigidity, and incorporating strong electron‐withdrawing groups. Furthermore, based on this developed NIR‐II platform, a NIR‐II fluorescence probe and a photothermal nanoagent are successfully constructed to unlock its bio‐application in the NIR‐II fluorescence imaging of endogenous O2·– fluctuations in a CIRI model for the first time, as well as effective photothermal therapy for 4T1 tumors with a high photothermal conversion efficiency (44.0%). Significantly, this work overcomes the wavelength limitation of classical dyes, effectively unlocking their applications for the diagnosis and treatment of early disease in the NIR‐II window.
Carbon Dots@Upconversion Nanoparticles: Conjugate Manipulation and Luminophor Confinement Enabling Aqueous‐Phase Orthogonal Multicolor Phosphorescence‐Upconversion Luminescence
Authors: Shao Kang , Jin Yuqian , Pan Zaifa , Shi Yike , Chen Jiahong , Ye Shiyi , Wang Jing , She Yuanbin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDeveloping single‐particle nanocomposite with aqueous‐phase orthogonal multicolor phosphorescence or multimodal luminescence holds great significance for optical coding, anti‐counterfeiting encryption, bioimaging, and biosensing. However, it faces challenges such as a limited range of emission wavelengths and difficulties in controlling the synthesis process. In this work, a conjugate structure manipulation integrated luminophor confinement strategy is proposed to prepare carbon dots@upconversion nanoparticles (CDs@UCNPs) featuring aqueous‐phase orthogonal multicolor room‐temperature phosphorescence‐upconversion luminescence (RTP‐UCL) through wet‐chemical synthetic methods. Four types of CDs are synthesized by introducing molecules with varying degrees of conjugation, while the intersystem crossing process is enhanced by constructing charge‐transfer states to narrow the energy gap between the excited singlet and triplet states. Aqueous‐phase orthogonal multicolor RTP (green, yellow, and orange) and UCL (blue, green, yellow, and red) are achieved by confining CDs with different conjugation degrees within a NaBiF4 matrix doped with various lanthanide ions. Notably, NaBiF4 UCNPs can crystallize at low temperatures, serving as a matrix to immobilize CDs, thereby preventing their vibration and rotation, and minimizing interference from water and oxygen. Additionally, the versatility of this strategy is demonstrated by constructing multicolor CDs@Cs2NaGdCl6: 5%Yb3+,10%Er3+ perovskite nanocomposites. This strategy offers valuable guidance for the preparation of advanced aqueous‐phase orthogonal multicolor materials.
Nucleophilic Reactions of Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides
Authors: Jin Jin , Tian Cheng , Chen Chunfa , Huang Cheng Zhi , Zuo Hua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe nucleophilic reaction between phosphorothioate oligonucleotides and electrophilic reagents has become a cost‐effective and efficient approach for oligonucleotide functionalization. This method allows for the precise incorporation of desired chemical structures at specific sites on the phosphorothioate backbone through conjugation with electrophilic groups. The reaction is characterized by its high reactivity and yield, as well as its ability to enhance the hydrophilicity of otherwise hydrophobic compounds. Importantly, this modification preserves the structural and functional integrity of the oligonucleotides, making it a topic of significant interest in nucleic acid research. This article reviews recent advancements in the covalent conjugation of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides with various electrophilic compounds. The article starts with an overview of the mechanisms and general reaction conditions involved in nucleophilic reactions. It then proceeds to examine the distinctive properties and benefits of various electrophilic reagents, offering insights that can inform the rational design of phosphorothioate oligonucleotide functionalization. Finally, the article addresses both the challenges and opportunities in this field, providing perspectives on future theoretical and practical developments to enhance the application of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides in areas like structural analysis, drug develop, drug delivery, fluorescent labeling, and nucleic acid nanotechnology.
Analysis of Giant‐Shell CdSe/CdS Quantum Dots via Analytical Ultracentrifugation Combined with Spectrally Resolved Photoluminescence
Authors: Stiegler Lisa M. S. , Wegner K. David , Weigert Florian , Peukert Wolfgang , Resch‐Genger Ute , Walter Johannes 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKnowledge of the structure–property relationships of functional nanomaterials, including, for example, their size‐ and composition‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) and particle‐to‐particle variations, is crucial for their design and reproducibility. Herein, the Angstrom‐resolution capability of an analytical ultracentrifuge combined with an in‐line multiwavelength emission detection system (MWE‐AUC) for measuring the sedimentation coefficient‐resolved spectrally corrected PL spectra of dispersed nanoparticles is demonstrated. The capabilities of this technique are shown for giant‐shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots (g‐QDs) with a PL quantum yield (PL QY) close to unity capped with oleic acid and oleylamine ligands. The MWE‐AUC PL measurements are calibrated and validated with certified fluorescence standards. The spectrally corrected and size‐dependent PL spectra of the g‐QDs derived from a single MWE‐AUC experiment are then analyzed and compared with the results of single‐particle spectroscopic studies, yielding the PL spectra, decay kinetics, and blinking behavior of individual g‐QDs. This study underlines the vast potential of MWE‐AUC with in‐line optical detection for the characterization of advanced nanomaterials with a complex structure.
Determining the strength of 3D printed concrete with the modified slant shear test
Authors: Licciardello Lucia , Soto Alejandro Giraldo , Kaufmann Walter , Metelli Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study deals with the assessment of the load‐bearing capacity of layered 3D printed concrete (3DPC) using a modified slant shear test (MSST) to define a Mohr's envelope. To this aim, the established modified Coulomb yield condition of the concrete is complemented by a Coulomb failure criterion of the layer joints (cold or dry joints). Due to the anisotropy inherent to 3DPC elements, caused by the interlayer of printed concrete, the test setups commonly used for conventional concrete are inadequate to assess the load‐bearing capacity of 3DPC. A total of 45 3DPC specimens with different inclinations of the concrete printed layers, including a cold joint with 30 min time gap were tested using the MSST. The results showed a high strength of the interfaces with two different failure modes, depending on the inclination of the layers: (i) concrete matrix failure and (ii) layer interface failure, where the latter governed for layer inclinations of 60° and 75° with respect to the horizontal plane. The test campaign confirms that the proposed MSST is a highly practical test method that enables determining the parameters governing a Mohr's envelope of layered 3DPC and can thus be used to reliably characterize its load‐bearing capacity.
Green Synthesis and Biological Aspect of Seven‐Membered Azepine Hybrids: A Recent Update”
Authors: Bhardwaj Annu , Jaiswal Shivangi , Verma Kanika , Bhardwaj Khushboo , Sharma Manali , Jain Sonika , Dwivedi Jaya , Sharma Swapnil 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSeven‐membered nitrogen‐containing heterocycles, particularly azepine‐based compounds, represent an intriguing class of molecules with vast arrays of applications. These compounds have garnered considerable attention in synthetic and medicinal chemistry due to their non‐planar, non‐aromatic features, which offer structural flexibility and diversity to design new drugs with improved pharmacological properties. This review summarizes the recent advances in the synthesis of azepine derivatives, including eco‐friendly methodologies that align with the principles of green chemistry, which emphasize atom economy, sustainability, and waste reduction. Besides, the present article highlights diverse biological activities, viz. anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of azepine derivatives. Additionally, the review discusses key aspects such as molecular docking studies, structure‐activity relationships (SAR), and mode of action evident through preclinical and clinical trials. The information presented in the current review article would assist researchers in designing and developing novel azepine‐based leads for varied therapeutic applications.
Rehumanizing Academic Belonging: Shifting Student Perceptions From a Belonging‐Performance Dependence to a Belonging‐Competence Mindset
Authors: Buckley Jessica Belue 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDrawing from Scholarship of Teaching and Learning alongside belongingness research, this manuscript examines why students perceive the dependence of academic belonging on performance, especially early in an academic program. It then offers suggestions for crafting learning environments that (a) grow student capacities to (re‐)envision perceptions of competence and (b) broaden student perceptions of sources that support their academic belonging. Suggestions provide possibilities for shifting students’ belonging‐performance dependence to a belonging‐competence mindset, thereby rehumanizing learning for students and facilitating welcoming, equitable, and learning‐centered (vs. performance‐centered) environments.
Authentic Hope During Troubling Times
Authors: Grande Steve , Staton A. Renee 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe push toward efficiency in higher education is occurring as increasing numbers of faculty and students are struggling with mental health concerns and the world appears progressively polarized. However, education, at its core, can foster hope and effect positive change. This chapter presents a pedagogy of authentic hope that relies on constructivist, community‐engaged teaching. As students become involved in responding to community issues, they develop a first‐hand understanding of societal issues that fosters self‐efficacy. These experiences can ultimately inspire students to be aware that they are part of shared, collaborative efforts that have the potential to dramatically improve our societies.
Application of Urea Nanoparticles in Low‐Land Rice Fields to Boost Crop Production While Maintaining Soil Fertility and Rhizospheric Health
Authors: Singh Pushplata Prasad , Priyam Ayushi , Yadav Natasha , Das Ajoy , Biswas Sujan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNano‐fertilizers are becoming promising in developing novel fertilization strategies while reducing the requirements of traditional fertilizers. Nano‐fertilizers have high nutrient use efficiency (NUE) and are required in small doses as compared to bulk fertilizers. The use of nano fertilizers in conjunction with a reduced dose of traditional fertilizers improves nutrient availability to plants and minimizes leaching and environmental contamination. The impact of the application of such an integrated fertilization approach on the soil fertility and microbiological population also needs to be understood. The present study investigates the influence of seven field treatments, including biogenic urea nanoparticles, as a source of N nutrient developed by TERI (referred as Teri's nano urea [TNU]), with and without conventional urea in an integrated manner. These treatments include the following: (T1)—100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN), (T2)—TNU alone, (T3) 100% RDN combined with TNU, (T4)—TNU at 50% concentration alone, (T5)—75% RDN combined with TNU, (T6) 50% RDN combined with TNU, and (T7) 50% RDN alone. RDF for N, P, and K used in the experiment is 140 kg/ha of urea for nitrogen fertilizer, 60 kg/ha of phosphorus, and 70 kg/ha of potassium in accordance with the local agronomic guidelines. A variable amount of urea was applied in different treatments but the recommended dose of phosphorous and potash fertilizers was applied consistently across the treatments. In different treatments, urea nanoparticles were applied as a nitrogen source via root dipping and foliar spray. The study also incorporates the economics of using nanoparticles to supplement nitrogen in an additive manner along with non‐nano macronutrient sources. Further, the influence of this novel approach of fertilization was also evaluated on the native microorganism species found in the rice fields. The results for the evaluated growth parameters, yield parameters, microbial population of soil, plant uptake, and cost economics suggest that at least 25% of the conventional urea requirement can be substituted with urea nanoparticles without causing harm to the bacterial and mycological species found in the rice agricultural fields.
Iterations of symplectomorphisms and $p$-adic analytic actions on the Fukaya category
Authors: Kartal Yusuf Barış 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inspired by the work of Bell on the dynamical Mordell-Lang conjecture, and by family Floer cohomology, we construct

$p$

p

-adic analytic families of bimodules on the Fukaya category of a monotone or negatively monotone symplectic manifold, interpolating the bimodules corresponding to iterates of a symplectomorphism

$\phi $

ϕ

isotopic to the identity. This family can be thought of as a

$p$

p

-adic analytic action on the Fukaya category. Using this, we deduce that the ranks of the Floer cohomology groups

$HF(\phi ^{k}(L),L';\Lambda )$

H
F
(

ϕ
k

(
L
)
,

L
′

;
Λ
)

are constant in

$k\in {\mathbb{Z}}$

k
∈
Z

, with finitely many possible exceptions. We also prove an analogous result without the monotonicity assumption for generic

$\phi $

ϕ

isotopic to the identity by showing how to construct a

$p$

p

-adic analytic action in this case. We give applications to categorical entropy and a conjecture of Seidel.