bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Multiple Objects and Ontic Fixes: Human Rights and the ‘Forgotten’ Politics of the United Nations’ Human Rights-Based Approach
Authors: Pantzerhielm Laura 
Published: May 2023

At the United Nations (UN), the early years of the post-Cold War era were marked by a historically novel sense of urgency to render governing practices in development cooperation and humanitarian affairs more ‘human’, ‘people-’ and ‘rights’-centred. Since then, the UN ‘Human Rights-Based Approach’ (HRBA) has become widely accepted as an authoritative methodology for grasping the practical implications of rights language. This paper examines the politics of the HRBA by exploring how it ‘fixes’ the multifaceted, normatively charged and elusive object of ‘human rights’ and renders it actionable for UN agencies. It contributes to recent theorizing on knowledge in IR and ties in with critical human rights scholarship by developing a post-foundational reading of human rights and the HRBA that frontloads constitutive power and politicizes ontology. Through an in-depth reconstruction of UN knowledge production on the HRBA, I find that it excludes concerns with international power relations and depoliticizes inequality through a narrow focus on lacking subject capacities. Moreover, I illustrate that the HRBA operates according to dichotomous spatial metaphors and implicit hierarchies that locate UN agencies ‘above’ the subjects and settings they interact with, both normatively and epistemically. The paper contributes to the critical study of human rights by excavating the ambiguous power effects at work in rights-based UN methodologies. Objets multiples et solutions ontiques : les droits de l’homme et les politiques « oubliées » de l’approche fondée sur les droits de l’homme des Nation unies
Bilateral herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Ng Jack Min , Hsiao Ching-Hsi 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Bilateral herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is rare. We report a case of an immunocompetent patient with nonsimultaneous attacks of HZO in both eyes. Case Description A 71-year-old female patient complained of blurred vision in the left eye for 1 week, which was treated with topical antiglaucomatous drugs due to elevated intraocular pressure. She denied any systemic diseases, but HZO had manifested as a rash with a crust over the right forehead skin 3 months earlier. Slit-lamp examination revealed localized corneal edema with keratin precipitates and mild anterior chamber reaction. Suspecting corneal endotheliitis, we performed aqueous tapping for detecting viral DNA, including cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA, through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, but the PCR results were negative for all viruses. The endotheliitis resolved well after treatment with topical prednisolone acetate. However, the patient's blurred vision recurred in the left eye 2 months later. A dendritiform lesion on the left cornea was detected, and corneal scraping for PCR testing revealed VZV DNA. The lesion disappeared with antiviral treatment. Conclusions Bilateral HZO is uncommon, particularly in immunocompetent patients. When in doubt, physicians should perform tests such as PCR testing to help establish a definite diagnosis.
Letter to the Editor: A possible threat to data integrity for online qualitative autism research
Authors: Pellicano Elizabeth , Adams Dawn , Crane Laura , Hollingue Calliope , Allen Connie , Almendinger Katherine , Botha Monique , Haar Tori , Kapp Steven K , Wheeley Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

Researchers are increasingly relying on online methods for data collection, including for qualitative research involving interviews and focus groups. In this letter, we alert autism researchers to a possible threat to data integrity in such studies: “scammer” participants, who may be posing as autistic people and/or parents of autistic children in research studies, presumably for financial gain. Here, we caution qualitative autism researchers to be vigilant of potential scammer participants in their online studies and invite a broader discussion about the implications of such fraudulent acts. Lay abstract Doing research online, via Zoom, Teams, or live chat, is becoming more and more common. It can help researchers to reach more people, including from different parts of the world. It can also make the research more accessible for participants, especially those with different communication preferences. However, online research can have its downsides too. We have recently been involved in three studies in which we had in-depth discussions with autistic people and/or parents of autistic children about various topics. It turns out, though, that some of these participants were not genuine. Instead, we believe they were “scammer participants”: people posing as autistic people or parents of autistic children, possibly to gain money from doing the research. This is a real problem because we need research data that we can trust. In this letter, we encourage autism researchers to be wary of scammer participants in their own research.
Development and validation of a deep learning-based approach to predict the Mayo endoscopic score of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Qi Jing , Ruan Guangcong , Ping Yi , Xiao Zhifeng , Liu Kaijun , Cheng Yi , Liu Rongbei , Zhang Bingqiang , Zhi Min , Chen Junrong , Xiao Fang , Zhao Tingting , Li Jiaxing , Zhang Zhou , Zou Yuxin , Cao Qian , Nian Yongjian , Wei Yanling 
Published: May 2023

Background: The ulcerative colitis (UC) Mayo endoscopy score is a useful tool for evaluating the severity of UC in patients in clinical practice. Objectives: We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning-based approach to automatically predict the Mayo endoscopic score using UC endoscopic images. Design: A multicenter, diagnostic retrospective study. Methods: We collected 15120 colonoscopy images of 768 UC patients from two hospitals in China and developed a deep model based on a vision transformer named the UC-former. The performance of the UC-former was compared with that of six endoscopists on the internal test set. Furthermore, multicenter validation from three hospitals was also carried out to evaluate UC-former’s generalization performance. Results: On the internal test set, the areas under the curve of Mayo 0, Mayo 1, Mayo 2, and Mayo 3 achieved by the UC-former were 0.998, 0.984, 0.973, and 0.990, respectively. The accuracy (ACC) achieved by the UC-former was 90.8%, which is higher than that achieved by the best senior endoscopist. For three multicenter external validations, the ACC was 82.4%, 85.0%, and 83.6%, respectively. Conclusions: The developed UC-former could achieve high ACC, fidelity, and stability to evaluate the severity of UC, which may provide potential application in clinical practice. Registration: This clinical trial was registered at the ClinicalTrials.gov (trial registration number: NCT05336773)
Microbial Colonization of Capsular Traction Sutures in Hip Arthroscopic Surgery
Authors: Patten Ian S. , Sun Yuhang , Maldonado David R. , Lee Michael S. , Banffy Michael B. 
Published: May 2023

Background: A common practice in hip arthroscopic surgery is the utilization of capsular traction sutures that can be incorporated into the capsular repair site at the end of the procedure, potentially seeding the hip joint with colonized suture material. Purpose: To investigate the rate of the microbial colonization of capsular traction sutures used during hip arthroscopic surgery and to identify patient-associated risk factors for this microbial colonization. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 50 consecutive patients who underwent hip arthroscopic surgery with a single surgeon were enrolled. There were 4 braided nonabsorbable sutures utilized for capsular traction during each hip arthroscopic procedure. These 4 traction sutures and 1 control suture were submitted for aerobic and nonaerobic cultures. Cultures were held for 21 days. Demographic information was collected, such as age, sex, and body mass index. All variables underwent bivariate analysis, and variables with a P value <.1 underwent further analysis in a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: One of 200 experimental traction sutures and 1 of 50 control sutures had a positive culture. Proteus mirabilis and Citrobacter koseri were isolated in both these positive experimental and control cultures from the same patient. Age and traction time were not significantly associated with positive cultures. The rate of microbial colonization was 0.5%. Conclusion: The rate of the microbial colonization of capsular traction sutures used in hip arthroscopic surgery was low, and no patient-associated risk factors were identified for microbial colonization. Capsular traction sutures used in hip arthroscopic surgery were not a significant potential source of microbial contamination. Based on these results, capsular traction sutures can be incorporated in capsular closure with a low risk of seeding the hip joint with microbial contaminants.
Optimization of ATAC-seq in wheat seedling roots using INTACT-isolated nuclei
Authors: Debernardi Juan M. , Burguener German , Bubb Kerry , Liu Qiujie , Queitsch Christine , Dubcovsky Jorge 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe genetic information contained in the genome of an organism is organized in genes and regulatory elements that control gene expression. The genomes of multiple plants species have already been sequenced and the gene repertory have been annotated, however,cis-regulatory elements remain less characterized, limiting our understanding of genome functionality. These elements act as open platforms for recruiting both positive- and negative-acting transcription factors, and as such, chromatin accessibility is an important signature for their identification.ResultsIn this work we developed a transgenic INTACT [isolation of nuclei tagged in specific cell types] system in tetraploid wheat for nuclei purifications. Then, we combined the INTACT system together with the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing [ATAC-seq] to identify open chromatin regions in wheat root tip samples. Our ATAC-seq results showed a large enrichment of open chromatin regions in intergenic and promoter regions, which is expected for regulatory elements and that is similar to ATAC-seq results obtained in other plant species. In addition, root ATAC-seq peaks showed a significant overlap with a previously published ATAC-seq data from wheat leaf protoplast, indicating a high reproducibility between the two experiments and a large overlap between open chromatin regions in root and leaf tissues. Importantly, we observed overlap between ATAC-seq peaks andcis-regulatory elements that have been functionally validated in wheat, and a good correlation between normalized accessibility and gene expression levels.ConclusionsWe have developed and validated an INTACT system in tetraploid wheat that allows rapid and high-quality nuclei purification from root tips. Those nuclei were successfully used to performed ATAC-seq experiments that revealed open chromatin regions in the wheat genome that will be useful to identify cis-regulatory elements. The INTACT system presented here will facilitate the development of ATAC-seq datasets in other tissues, growth stages, and under different growing conditions to generate a more complete landscape of the accessible DNA regions in the wheat genome.
Speckle-tracking echocardiography provides sensitive measurements of subtle early alterations associated with cardiac dysfunction in T2DM rats
Authors: Qi Yanchao , Chen Zhiyan , Guo Bingyan , Liu Zhe , Wang Lijie , Liu Suyun , Xue Lixiang , Ma Meifang , Yin Yajuan , Li Yongjun , Liu Gang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Diabetic cardiomyopathy results in cardiac structural and functional abnormalities. Previous studies have demonstrated that inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway increases the injury resistance of cardiomyocytes. The early detection of cardiac structural and functional alterations may facilitate an improved understanding of the pathophysiologic progress and guide therapy. This study aimed to identify the optimal diagnostic measures for the subtle early alterations of cardiac dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats.

Methods
Twenty-four rat models were divided into four groups and received treatments for 4 weeks: the CON group (control rats), the DM group (T2DM rats), the DMF group (T2DM rats receiving fasudil) and the CONF group (control rats receiving fasudil) group. Left ventricular (LV) structure was quantified by histological staining and transmission electron microscopy. LV function and myocardial deformation were assessed by high-frequency echocardiography.

Results
Treatment with fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, significantly protected against diabetes-induced myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Impaired LV performance was found in T2DM rats, as evidenced by significant reductions in the ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and the mitral valve (MV) E/A ratio (which decreased 26%, 34% and 20%, respectively). Fasudil failed to improve the conventional ultrasonic parameters in T2DM rats, but the myocardial deformation measured by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) were significantly improved (global circumferential strain, GCS: P = 0.003; GCS rate, GCSR: P = 0.021). When receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used in combination with linear regression analysis, STE parameters were found to be characterized by both optimal prediction of cardiac damage [AUC (95% CI): fractional area change, FAC: 0.927 (0.744, 0.993); GCS: 0.819 (0.610, 0.945); GCSR: 0.899 (0.707, 0.984)] and stronger correlations with cardiac fibrosis (FAC: r = -0.825; GCS: r = 0.772; GCSR: r = 0.829) than conventional parameters.

Conclusion
The results suggest that STE parameters are more sensitive and specific than conventional parameters in predicting the subtle cardiac functional changes that occur in the early stage, providing new insight into the management of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
The estimation of long and short term survival time and associated factors of HIV patients using mixture cure rate models
Authors: Ghobadi Khadijeh Najafi , Roshanaei Ghodratollah , Poorolajal Jalal , Shakiba Ebrahim , KHassi Kaivan , Mahjub Hossein 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHIV is one of the deadliest epidemics and one of the most critical global public health issues. Some are susceptible to die among people living with HIV and some survive longer. The aim of the present study is to use mixture cure models to estimate factors affecting short- and long-term survival of HIV patients.MethodsThe total sample size was 2170 HIV-infected people referred to the disease counseling centers in Kermanshah Province, in the west of Iran, from 1998 to 2019. A Semiparametric PH mixture cure model and a mixture cure frailty model were fitted to the data. Also, a comparison between these two models was performed.ResultsBased on the results of the mixture cure frailty model, antiretroviral therapy, tuberculosis infection, history of imprisonment, and mode of HIV transmission influenced short-term survival time (p-value < 0.05). On the other hand, prison history, antiretroviral therapy, mode of HIV transmission, age, marital status, gender, and education were significantly associated with long-term survival (p-value < 0.05). The concordance criteria (K-index) value for the mixture cure frailty model was 0.65 whereas for the semiparametric PH mixture cure model was 0.62.ConclusionThis study showed that the frailty mixture cure models is more suitable in the situation where the studied population consisted of two groups, susceptible and non-susceptible to the event of death. The people with a prison history, who received ART treatment, and contracted HIV through injection drug users survive longer. Health professionals should pay more attention to these findings in HIV prevention and treatment.
Value of transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy in endoscopy negative biopsy patients with rectal lesions
Authors: Li Tingting , Lu Man , Li Yuan , Yang Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the value of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy in endoscopy negative biopsy patients with rectal lesions.

Methods
150 endoscopy negative biopsy result rectal lesions adopted the transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy. Based on whether the patients received contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination or not before the biopsies, all enrolled cases were divided into TRUS guided group and contrast-enhanced TRUS (CE-TRUS) guided group, and the safety and diagnostic performances were analyzed retrospectively.

Results
We obtained adequate specimens in the majority of cases (98.7%,148/150); There were no complications identified in our study. 126 patients received contrast-enhanced TRUS examination before biopsy to evaluate vascular perfusion and necrosis. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and overall accuracy of all biopsies were 89.1%, 100%,100%, 70.4%, and 91.3% respectively; The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy for TRUS-guided biopsy and CE-TRUS guided biopsy were 73.7%, 100%,100%, 50%,79.2% and 92.1%,100%,100%,75%,93.6% separately; The increase in correct diagnoses was significant (p < 0.05) between TRUS guided biopsy and CE-TRUS guided biopsy.

Conclusion
TRUS-guided biopsy is a reliable procedure that can be augmented by endoscopic biopsy techniques if the biopsy yields negative results. CE-TRUS might assist in the location of the biopsy and decrease sampling errors.
Walking aids and complicated orthopedic diseases are risk factors for falls in hemodialysis patients: an observational study
Authors: Ishii Takeo , Matsumoto Wataru , Hoshino Yui , Kagawa Yasuhiro , Iwasaki Emi , Takada Hiromi , Honma Takashi , Oyama Kunio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Aging and an increased fall risk have been demonstrated in hemodialysis patients at home and in a facility. However, studies investigating the cause of falls to prevent fractures in dialysis rooms are scarce. This study aimed to explore the related factors for accidental falls statistically in dialysis facilities for future fall prevention.

Methods
This study included 629 hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease. The patients were divided into two groups: the fall and non-fall groups. The main outcome was the presence or absence of falls in the dialysis room. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were performed; multivariate analysis was conducted using covariates significantly correlated in the univariate analysis.

Results
A total of 133 patients experienced falling accidents during the study period. The multivariate analysis indicated that the use of walking aid (p < 0.001), orthopedic diseases (p < 0.05), cerebrovascular disease, and age were significantly correlated with falls.

Conclusions
In the dialysis clinic, patients who use walking aids and have complicated orthopedic or cerebrovascular conditions are at a high risk of falling in the dialysis room. Therefore, establishing a safe environment may help prevent falls, not only for these patients but also among other patients with similar conditions.
Implementation fidelity of infection prevention practices at Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Gebeyehu Endalkachew Mesfin , Debie Ayal , Yazachew Lake , Fetene Samrawit Mihret , Azanaw Kefyalew Amogne 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Healthcare-Acquired Infections are a major problem in the world and within the healthcare delivery system. An estimated 5–10% and around 25% of hospitalized patients have healthcare-acquired infections in developed and developing countries, respectively. Infection prevention and control programs have proven to be successful in lowering the incidence and spread of infections. Thus, this evaluation aims to evaluate the implementation fidelity of infection prevention practices at Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional design with a concurrent mixed method was used to evaluate the implementation fidelity of infection prevention practices. A total of 36 indicators were used to measure adherence, participant responsiveness, and facilitation strategy dimensions. A total of 423 clients were administered for an interview, an inventory checklist, a document review, 35 non-participatory observations, and 11 key informant interviews were conducted. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors significantly associated with the satisfaction of clients. The findings were presented using descriptions, tables, and graphs.

Result
The overall implementation fidelity of the infection prevention practices was 61.8%. The dimensions of adherence to infection prevention and control guidelines were 71.4%, participant responsiveness was 60.6%, and facilitation strategy was 48%. In multivariable analysis, ward admission and educational level had a p-value of below 0.05 and were significantly associated with the satisfaction of clients with infection prevention practices at the hospital. The major themes that emerged in qualitative data analysis were healthcare worker-related factors, management-related factors, and patient- and visitor-related factors.

Conclusion
The evaluation result of this study concluded that the overall implementation fidelity of infection prevention practice was judged to be medium and needed improvement. It included dimensions of adherence and participant responsiveness that were rated as medium, as well as a facilitation strategy that was rated as low. Enablers and barriers were thematized into factors related to healthcare providers, management, institutions, and patient and visitor relations.
Diabetic nephropathy with marked extra-capillary cell proliferation: a case report
Authors: Morimoto Madoka , Namba-Hamano Tomoko , Notsu Shoki , Iwata Yukimasa , Yasuhara Yumiko , Yamato Masafumi , Isaka Yoshitaka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Extra-capillary hypercellularity is a common finding in crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In diabetic nephropathy (DN), extra-capillary hypercellularity is often observed as a finding of complications such as IgA nephropathy or microscopic polyangiitis superimposed on DN. However, in rare cases, epithelial cell proliferation may accompany DN. We experienced a case of nodular diabetic glomerulosclerosis with marked extra-capillary hypercellularity and revealed the origin of this atypical lesion using immunostainings.

Case presentation
A man in his 50 s was admitted to the hospital with nephrotic syndrome, and a renal biopsy was performed. Diffuse nodular lesions and extra-capillary hypercellularity were observed, but the results of serological examination or immunofluorescent assays did not implicate any other crescentic GN. Immunostaining for claudin-1 and nephrin was performed to identify the origin of the extra-capillary lesions. Given the clinical course and pathological findings, a diagnosis of DN-associated extra-capillary cell proliferation was made.

Conclusions
Extra-capillary hypercellularity, which resembles FSGS or crescentic GN, is a rare finding in DN and should therefore be treated with caution. In such cases, co-staining for claudin-1 and nephrin may facilitate the diagnosis of DN.