bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase holograms for the three-dimensional patterning of unconstrained microparticles
Authors: Ghanem Mohamed A. , Maxwell Adam D. , Dalecki Diane , Sapozhnikov Oleg A. , Bailey Michael R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcoustic radiation forces can remotely manipulate particles. Forces from a standing wave field align microscale particles along the nodal or anti-nodal locations of the field to form three-dimensional (3D) patterns. These patterns can be used to form 3D microstructures for tissue engineering applications. However, standing wave generation requires more than one transducer or a reflector, which is challenging to implement in vivo. Here, a method is developed and validated to manipulate microspheres using a travelling wave from a single transducer. Diffraction theory and an iterative angular spectrum approach are employed to design phase holograms to shape the acoustic field. The field replicates a standing wave and aligns polyethylene microspheres in water, which are analogous to cells in vivo, at pressure nodes. Using Gor’kov potential to calculate the radiation forces on the microspheres, axial forces are minimized, and transverse forces are maximized to create stable particle patterns. Pressure fields from the phase holograms and resulting particle aggregation patterns match predictions with a feature similarity index > 0.92, where 1 is a perfect match. The resulting radiation forces are comparable to those produced from a standing wave, which suggests opportunities for in vivo implementation of cell patterning toward tissue engineering applications.
An interaction-based drug discovery screen explains known SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors and predicts new compound scaffolds
Authors: Schake Philipp , Dishnica Klevia , Kaiser Florian , Leberecht Christoph , Haupt V. Joachim , Schroeder Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has shown the necessity for fast and broad drug discovery methods to enable us to react quickly to novel and highly infectious diseases. A well-known SARS-CoV-2 target is the viral main 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (Mpro), known to control coronavirus replication, which is essential for the viral life cycle. Here, we applied an interaction-based drug repositioning algorithm on all protein-compound complexes available in the protein database (PDB) to identify Mpro inhibitors and potential novel compound scaffolds against SARS-CoV-2. The screen revealed a heterogeneous set of 692 potential Mpro inhibitors containing known ones such as Dasatinib, Amodiaquine, and Flavin mononucleotide, as well as so far untested chemical scaffolds. In a follow-up evaluation, we used publicly available data published almost two years after the screen to validate our results. In total, we are able to validate 17% of the top 100 predictions with publicly available data and can furthermore show that predicted compounds do cover scaffolds that are yet not associated with Mpro. Finally, we detected a potentially important binding pattern consisting of 3 hydrogen bonds with hydrogen donors of an oxyanion hole within the active side of Mpro. Overall, these results give hope that we will be better prepared for future pandemics and that drug development will become more efficient in the upcoming years.
Molecular basis for the recognition of 24-(S)-hydroxycholesterol by integrin αvβ3
Authors: Gc Jeevan B. , Chen Justin , Pokharel Swechha M. , Mohanty Indira , Mariasoosai Charles , Obi Peter , Panipinto Paul , Bandyopadhyay Smarajit , Bose Santanu , Natesan Senthil 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA growing body of evidence suggests that oxysterols such as 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) are biologically active and involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Our previous study demonstrated that 25HC induces an innate immune response during viral infections by activating the integrin-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway. 25HC produced the proinflammatory response by binding directly to integrins at a novel binding site (site II) and triggering the production of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). 24-(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24HC), a structural isomer of 25HC, plays a critical role in cholesterol homeostasis in the human brain and is implicated in multiple inflammatory conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease. However, whether 24HC can induce a proinflammatory response like 25HC in non-neuronal cells has not been studied and remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine whether 24HC produces such an immune response using in silico and in vitro experiments. Our results indicate that despite being a structural isomer of 25HC, 24HC binds at site II in a distinct binding mode, engages in varied residue interactions, and produces significant conformational changes in the specificity-determining loop (SDL). In addition, our surface plasmon resonance (SPR) study reveals that 24HC could directly bind to integrin αvβ3, with a binding affinity three-fold lower than 25HC. Furthermore, our in vitro studies with macrophages support the involvement of FAK and NFκB signaling pathways in triggering 24HC-mediated production of TNF. Thus, we have identified 24HC as another oxysterol that binds to integrin αvβ3 and promotes a proinflammatory response via the integrin-FAK-NFκB pathway.
Synthesis, structural characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of new mononuclear mixed ligand complexes based on furfural-type imine ligand, and 2,2′-bipyridine
Authors: Ismail Basma A. , Abd El-Wahab Zeinab H. , Ali Omyma A. M. , Nassar Doaa A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present investigation goal was to investigate the chemistry of four new mononuclear mixed ligand Fe(III), Co(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) complexes constructed from furfural-type imine ligand (L), and the co ligand 2,2′-bipyridine in addition to assessing their antimicrobial activity against some bacterial, and fungi strains. The structure of the complexes was interpreted by different spectroscopic techniques such as MS, IR, 1H NMR, UV–Vis, elemental analysis, TG-DTG, conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The correlation of all results revealed that ligand (L) acts as a neutral ONNO tetradentate whereas the co ligand acts as a neutral NN bidentate. The coordination of the ligands with the metal ions in a molar ratio of 1:1:1 leads to formation of an octahedral geometry around the metal ions. The octahedral geometry has been validated and optimized by DFT analysis. Conductivity data showed the electrolytic nature of all complexes. The thermal stability of all complexes was deduced in addition to evaluating some thermodynamic, and kinetic parameters using Coats–Redfern method. Furthermore, all complexes in comparison to their parent ligands were tested for their biological potency against some pathogenic bacterial, and fungi strains using the paper disk diffusion method. [CdL(bpy)](NO3)2 complex revealed the highest antimicrobial activity.
The protein and miRNA profile of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) can distinguish feline mammary adenocarcinoma patients from healthy feline controls
Authors: Howard Jane , Browne John , Bollard Stephanie , Peters Susan , Sweeney Ciara , Wynne Kieran , Potter Shirley , McCann Amanda , Kelly Pamela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFeline mammary adenocarcinomas (FMA) are aggressive tumours with metastatic capability and limited treatment options. This study aims to investigate whether miRNAs associated with FMA tumours are secreted in extracellular vesicles (EVs) and whether they can potentially be used as a cancer biomarker in EVs from feline plasma. Tumours and matched tumour free margins from 10 felines with FMA were selected. Following a detailed literature search, RT-qPCR analyses of 90 miRNAs identified 8 miRNAs of interest for further investigation. Tumour tissue, margins and plasma were subsequently collected from a further 10 felines with FMA. EVs were isolated from the plasma. RT-qPCR expression analyses of the 8 miRNAs of interest were carried out in tumour tissue, margins, FMA EVs and control EVs. Additionally, proteomic analysis of both control and FMA plasma derived EVs was undertaken. RT-qPCR revealed significantly increased miR-20a and miR-15b in tumours compared to margins. A significant decrease in miR-15b and miR-20a was detected in EVs from FMAs compared to healthy feline EVs. The proteomic content of EVs distinguished FMAs from controls, with the protein targets of miR-20a and miR-15b also displaying lower levels in the EVs from patients with FMA. This study has demonstrated that miRNAs are readily detectable in both the tissue and plasma derived EVs from patients with FMA. These miRNAs and their protein targets are a detectable panel of markers in circulating plasma EVs that may inform future diagnostic tests for FMA in a non-invasive manner. Moreover, the clinical relevance of miR-20a and miR-15b warrants further investigation.
Effect of situation similarity on younger and older adults’ episodic simulation of helping behaviours
Authors: Ryan A. Dawn , Smitko Ronald , Campbell Karen L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSimilar cognitive processes enable us to remember the past (i.e., episodic memory) and simulate future events (i.e., episodic simulation). In the current study, we demonstrate an important role for previous experience when younger and older adults simulate future behaviours. Participants read short descriptions of a person in need of help in scenarios that were more familiar to either younger or older adults (e.g., dealing with dating apps vs writing a cheque). Participants either imagined helping the person or thought about the style of the story (control task), and then rated their willingness to help, scene vividness, emotional concern, and subjective use of theory of mind. Hierarchical mixed effect modelling revealed that both episodic simulation and one’s previous experience increased willingness to help, in that participants were more willing to help if they imagined helping and the situation was more familiar to them. Further, in simulated scenarios the relationship between previous experience and willingness to help was mediated by scene vividness and perspective-taking in younger adults, but only by perspective-taking in older adults. Taken together, these findings suggest that situation similarity and episodic simulation increase willingness to help, possibly via different mechanisms in younger and older adults.
Assessing falls in the elderly population using G-STRIDE foot-mounted inertial sensor
Authors: Álvarez Marta Neira , Ruiz Antonio R. Jiménez , Neira Guillermo García-Villamil , Huertas-Hoyas Elisabet , Cerda Maria Teresa Espinoza , Delgado Laura Pérez , Robles Elena Reina , del-Ama Antonio J. , Ruiz-Ruiz Luisa , García-de-Villa Sara , Rodriguez-Sanchez Cristina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFalls are one of the main concerns in the elderly population due to their high prevalence and associated consequences. Guidelines for the management of the elder with falls are comprised of multidimensional assessments, especially gait and balance. Daily clinical practice needs for timely, effortless, and precise tools to assess gait. This work presents the clinical validation of the G-STRIDE system, a 6-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU) with onboard processing algorithms, that allows the calculation of walking-related metrics correlated with clinical markers of fall risk. A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted with 163 participants (falls and non-falls groups). All volunteers were assessed with clinical scales and conducted a 15-min walking test at a self-selected pace while wearing the G-STRIDE. G-STRIDE is a low-cost solution to facilitate the transfer to society and clinical evaluations. It is open hardware and flexible and, thus, has the advantage of providing runtime data processing. Walking descriptors were derived from the device, and a correlation analysis was conducted between walking and clinical variables. G-STRIDE allowed measuring walking parameters in non-restricted walking conditions (e.g. hallway). Walking parameters statistically discriminate between falls and non-falls groups. We found good/excellent estimation accuracy (ICC = 0.885; $$p<0.000$$

p
<
0.000

) for walking speed, showing good/excellent correlation between gait speed and several clinical variables. G-STRIDE can calculate walking-related metrics that allow for discrimination between falls and non-falls groups, which correlates with clinical indicators of fall risk. A preliminary fall-risk assessment based on the walking parameters was found to improve the Timed Up and Go test in the identification of fallers.
Hyperglycemia-activated 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 increases endoplasmic reticulum stress and skin barrier dysfunction
Authors: Lee Young Bin , Hwang Hyun Jee , Kim Eunjung , Lim Sung Ha , Chung Choon Hee , Choi Eung Ho 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe diabetes mellitus (DM) skin shows skin barrier dysfunction and skin lipid abnormality, similar to conditions induced by systemic or local glucocorticoid excess and aged skin. Inactive glucocorticoid (GC) is converted into active glucocorticoid by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). Hyperglycemia in DM and excessive GC are known to increase endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesized that hyperglycemia affects systemic GC homeostasis and that the action of skin 11β-HSD1 and GC contributes to increased ER stress and barrier defects in DM. We compared 11β-HSD1, active GC, and ER stress between hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions in normal human keratinocytes and db/db mice. 11β-HSD1 and cortisol increased with time in keratinocyte culture under hyperglycemic conditions. 11β-HSD1 siRNA-transfected cells did not induce cortisol elevation in hyperglycemic condition. The production of 11β-HSD1 and cortisol was suppressed in cell culture treated with an ER stress-inhibitor. The 14-week-old db/db mice showed higher stratum corneum (SC) corticosterone, and skin 11β-HSD1 levels than 8-week-old db/db mice. Topical 11β-HSD1 inhibitor application in db/db mice decreased SC corticosterone levels and improved skin barrier function. Hyperglycemia in DM may affect systemic GC homeostasis, activate skin 11β-HSD1, and induce local GC excess, which increases ER stress and adversely affects skin barrier function.
Assessment of gastric pouch blood supply with indocyanine green fluorescence in conversional and revisional bariatric surgery: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Mongelli Francesco , Garofalo Fabio , Giacopelli Pietro , Munini Martino , Volontè Francesco , Marengo Michele 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOur study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of indocyanine green (ICG) angiography during conversional or revisional bariatric surgery. We prospectively enrolled all patients scheduled for reoperative bariatric surgery with gastric pouch resizing and ICG assessment and we compared them with a retrospective series of similar patients who did not receive ICG. The primary outcome was the rate of intraoperative change in the surgical strategy due to the ICG test. We included 32 prospective patients receiving intraoperatively an ICG perfusion test and 48 propensity score-matched controls. The mean age was 50.7 ± 9.7 years, 67 (83.7%) patients were female, and the mean BMI was 36.8 ± 5.3 kg/m2. The patient characteristics were similar in both groups. The ICG angiography was successfully conducted in all patients, and no change of the surgical strategy was necessary. Postoperative complications were similar in both groups (6.2% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.846), as well as operative time (125 ± 43 vs. 133 ± 47 min, p = 0.454) and length of hospital stay (2.8 ± 1.0 vs. 3.3 ± 2.2 days, p = 0.213). Our study suggested that ICG fluorescence angiography might not have been useful for assessing the blood supply of the gastric pouch in patients who underwent reoperative bariatric surgery. Therefore, it remains uncertain whether the application of this technique is indicated.
Synergistic antibacterial effect of copper and silver nanoparticles and their mechanism of action
Authors: Vasiliev Grigory , Kubo Anna-Liisa , Vija Heiki , Kahru Anne , Bondar Denys , Karpichev Yevgen , Bondarenko Olesja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBacterial infections are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the case of topical bacterial infections such as wound infections, silver (Ag) has historically been one of the most widely used antibacterials. However, scientific publications have demonstrated the adverse effects of silver on human cells, ecotoxicity and insufficient antibacterial effect for the complete elimination of bacterial infections. The use of Ag in the form of nanoparticles (NPs, 1–100 nm) allows to control the release of antibacterial Ag ions but is still not sufficient to eliminate infection and avoid cytotoxicity. In this study, we tested the potency of differently functionalized copper oxide (CuO) NPs to enhance the antibacterial properties of Ag NPs. The antibacterial effect of the mixture of CuO NPs (CuO, CuO–NH2 and CuO–COOH NPs) with Ag NPs (uncoated and coated) was studied. CuO and Ag NP combinations were more efficient than Cu or Ag (NPs) alone against a wide range of bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains such as gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus dysgalactiae. We showed that positively charged CuO NPs enhanced the antibacterial effect of Ag NPs up to 6 times. Notably, compared to the synergy of CuO and Ag NPs, the synergy of respective metal ions was low, suggesting that NP surface is required for the enhanced antibacterial effect. We also studied the mechanisms of synergy and showed that the production of Cu+ ions, faster dissolution of Ag+ from Ag NPs and lower binding of Ag+ by proteins of the incubation media in the presence of Cu2+ were the main mechanisms of the synergy. In summary, CuO and Ag NP combinations allowed increasing the antibacterial effect up to 6 times. Thus, using CuO and Ag NP combinations enables to retain excellent antibacterial effects due to Ag and synergy and enhances beneficial effects, since Cu is a vital microelement for human cells. Thus, we suggest using combinations of Ag and CuO NPs in antibacterial materials, such as wound care products, to increase the antibacterial effect of Ag, improve safety and prevent and cure topical bacterial infections.
Pacific oceanic front amplifies the impact of Atlantic oceanic front on North Atlantic blocking
Authors: Cheung Ho-Nam , Omrani Nour-Eddine , Ogawa Fumiaki , Keenlyside Noel , Nakamura Hisashi , Zhou Wen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAtmospheric blocking is a crucial driver of extreme weather events, but its climatological frequency is largely underestimated in state-of-the-art climate models, especially around the North Atlantic. While air-sea interaction along the North Atlantic oceanic frontal region is known to influence Atlantic blocking activity, remote effects from the Pacific have been less studied. Here we use semi-idealised experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model to demonstrate that the mid-latitude Pacific oceanic front is crucial for climatological Atlantic blocking activity. The front intensifies the Pacific eddy-driven jet that extends eastward towards the North Atlantic. The eastward-extended Pacific jet reinforces the North Atlantic circulation response to the Atlantic oceanic front, including the storm track activity and the eddy-driven jet. The strengthening of the eddy-driven jet reduces the Greenland blocking frequency. Moreover, the Pacific oceanic front greatly strengthens the stationary planetary-scale ridge in Europe. Together with a stronger northeastward extension of the Atlantic storm track, enhanced interaction between extratropical cyclones and the European ridge favours the occurrence of Euro-Atlantic blocking. Therefore, the North Atlantic circulation response amplified remotely by the Pacific oceanic front substantially increases Euro-Atlantic blocking frequency while decreasing Greenland blocking frequency.
The CLE33 peptide represses phloem differentiation via autocrine and paracrine signaling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Carbonnel Samy , Cornelis Salves , Hazak Ora 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlant meristems require a constant supply of photoassimilates and hormones to the dividing meristematic cells. In the growing root, such supply is delivered by protophloem sieve elements. Due to its preeminent function for the root apical meristem, protophloem is the first tissue to differentiate. This process is regulated by a genetic circuit involving in one side the positive regulators DOF transcription factors, OCTOPUS (OPS) and BREVIX RADIX (BRX), and in the other side the negative regulators CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION RELATED (CLE) peptides and their cognate receptors BARELY ANY MERISTEM (BAM) receptor-like kinases. brx and ops mutants harbor a discontinuous protophloem that can be fully rescued by mutation in BAM3, but is only partially rescued when all three known phloem-specific CLE genes, CLE25/26/45 are simultaneously mutated. Here we identify a CLE gene closely related to CLE45, named CLE33. We show that double mutant cle33cle45 fully suppresses brx and ops protophloem phenotype. CLE33 orthologs are found in basal angiosperms, monocots, and eudicots, and the gene duplication which gave rise to CLE45 in Arabidopsis and other Brassicaceae appears to be a recent event. We thus discovered previously unidentified Arabidopsis CLE gene that is an essential player in protophloem formation.
Integration of a CRISPR Cas12a-assisted multicolor biosensor and a micropipette tip enables visible point-of-care testing of foodborne Vibrio vulnificus
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Xu Chutian , Yu Chengkai , Si Zhenjun , Huang Di , Shen Peijie , Fang Mengjun , Xu Zhinan 
Published: June 2023

A CRISPR Cas12a-assisted multicolor biosensor was established to visible point-of-care testing of foodborne Vibrio vulnificus in a micropipette tip.
Die genuine Interdisziplinarität der
Perinatalmedizin
Authors: Singer Dominique 
Published: June 2023

Liebe Leserinnen und Leserder vorliegenden Ausgabe der Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie
(ZGN) ist online (Zugang über den untenstehenden QR-Code oder den Link) der
Abstractband zur 49. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Neonatologie und
Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin (GNPI) zugeordnet. Die GNPI verweist mit ihrem
diesjährigen Kongressmotto „interprofessionell –
interdisziplinär – international“ auf drei Grundpfeiler der
zeitgemäßen wissenschaftlichen und klinischen Tätigkeit in
unseren Fachgebieten.
ESC-Leitlinie Ventrikuläre Arrhythmien und plötzlicher Herztod 2022 –
was ist neu?
Authors: Müller-Leisse Johanna , Duncker David 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie ESC-Leitlinie Ventrikuläre Arrhythmien und plötzlicher Herztod 2022
beinhaltet zahlreiche neue Empfehlungen im Vergleich zur
2015er-Vorgängerversion, unter anderem zur primärprophylaktischen
ICD-Implantation bei Kardiomyopathien. Die diagnostische Bedeutung der
elektrophysiologischen Untersuchung zur Induzierbarkeit ventrikulärer
Tachykardien, der Kardio-MRT zur Beurteilung von Fibrose sowie der
humangenetischen Untersuchung zur Identifizierung von pathogenen Mutationen
wurde hervorgehoben. Mehrere primär elektrische Erkrankungen erhielten
erstmals eigene Abschnitte mit definierten Diagnosekriterien und ebenfalls
neuen Empfehlungen zur Primärprävention. Die therapeutische Bedeutung von
Katheterablationen wurde insgesamt aufgewertet, mit unterschiedlichen
Empfehlungsgraden bei idiopathischen ventrikulären Tachykardien und
ventrikulären Tachykardien auf dem Boden einer strukturellen Herzerkrankung.
Im folgenden Artikel fassen wir weitere für die klinische Praxis besonders
relevante Aspekte aus der neuen Leitlinie zusammen.