bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Anemia of Pregnant Women in Kuto Batu Village
Authors: Novianty  , Amelia Prahastuti  , Putri Sinta Maharani  , Nessy Iqmadhea  
Published: February 2023

Pregnancy are a special condition that requires more nutritional needs compared to other conditions in the life cycle. Therefore pregnancy get a number of additional macro and micro nutrients during pregnancy. Mother's nutritional needs that are not met will cause various nutritional problems including anemia. Anemia in pregnancy can cause health and nutritional problems not only for the mother but also for the fetus. The research was conducted in Kuto Batu Palembang Village in August 2022. The subjects of the study were 26 pregnant in trimesters 1, 2 and 3. The results showed that most of the mothers, namely 85%, had insufficient knowledge of anemia. Lack of knowledge can influence mother's behavior related to anemia prevention. Mothers who have less knowledge regarding anemia will have difficulty choosing and consuming foods high in iron.
PERBANDINGAN KADAR HAEMOGLOBIN DAN HEMATOCRIT PADA REMAJA PUTRI SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MENSTRUASI DI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 5 PALEMBANG
Authors: Enderia Sari  
Published: February 2023

Background:. Young women have ten times greater risk of suffering from anemia compared to young men. This is because young women experience menstruation every month and are in a period of growth, so they need more iron intake Objective: Postpartum mothers can understand and practice proper breastfeeding techniques and umbilical cord care. Methods: The research design used was a pre-experimental design (one group pretest posttest). The population in this study was a total population of 91 respondents, and there were 8 respondents who dropped out. The data was carried out using the Wilcoxon Test, with a 95% confidence level. Results: From the premenstrual analysis, the mean hemoglobin concentration was 13.1 g%. The maximum hemoglobin level was 14.8 g% and the minimum value was 10.6 g%. In post menstruation, the results of the mean hemoglobin examination were 13.1 g%, the maximum hemoglobin level was 15.0 g% and the minimum value was 10.3 gr. In Bivariate analysis From the results of the Wilcoxon test, the significance number shows the pre and post hemoglobin level of 0.74 and the hematocrit level of 0.435. Because the p value > 0.05, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference before and after examination of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Conclusion: from the analysis of pre- and post-menstrual hemoglobin and hematocrit examinations, there is no significant difference to pre- and post-menstrual examinations of pre- and post-menstrual hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
Barriers to the development of interrelationships between Iraq and Turkey in the years (2014 – 2020)
Authors: Awakalaey Xelan , Omer Issa Salih 
Published: February 2023

National security has become a fundamental factor in Turkey's foreign policy Problems between the two countries. Therefore, grief has become an influential factor in the emergence of a number of problems between the two countries. Therefore, the research is based on this argument. In order to prove the research's grievances about the main question, the research is based on this argument. In general, the problems of this reflect the nature of relations between Iraq and Turkey over a period of time. In general, the recent conflicts between Iraq and Turkey can be classified into three groups: First, the recent security problems between Iraq and Turkey can be divided into three groups: The first is the security problem, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security instability, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security deterioration of the region in general. The second is the lack of trust between the two countries in the region in general and inside Iraq in particular. These are some of the findings of the study and the crises in the region, especially in relation to the Arab Spring process. These are some of the findings of the study. We have received it.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRAM PROGRAM TOWARDS PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS AT POLYTECHNIC APP USING THE EPIC MODEL
Authors: Batubara Faisal H. 
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study is to Know the Effectiveness of Promotion Program Against Prospective Students at Polytechnic APP. Methods of data collection by interview and questioner survey, data analysis conducted by using EPIC Model method. EPIC Model is used to analyze the impact of communication in promotion. This method was discovered by AC research and research institute. Nielsen, and consists of four complementary dimensions of empathy, persuasion, impact and communication. The population used is prospective students who register and who has become a new student POLITEKNIK APP Jakarta. The sampling technique used by the writer is Simple Random Sampling by giving opportunity to all representing school population who have got promotion from APP Polytechnic, through event of stand edufair, presentation, internet (APP website) and print promo media. The results of the research are as follows: The effectiveness of APP-Jakarta Polytechnics promotion program calculated in the EPIC Model consisting of Empathic Dimension (3.89 = Effective), Persuasion Dimension (4.05 = Effective), Dimensional Impact (3.76 = Effective) and Communication Dimensions (3.94 = Effective) resulted in that the promotion program undertaken by APP-Jakarta Polytechnic has been effectively stated in EPIC RATE that is 3.91 because it is in the effective scale range. Various kinds of promotions APP-Jakarta Polytechnic run, online promotion is the most effective than offline promotion because according to promotion team, target market APP-Jakarta Polytechnic know about APP-Jakarta Polytechnic through searching in google and fill out catalog request at web Polytechnic APP-Jakarta to get more information. So it can be concluded that how the internet is very easy for someone in obtaining information abaut APP-Jakarta Polytechnicto be more fast and efficient.
Contact Angle and AFM Analysis of Glassy Carbon Coatings after an Extended Stay on the International Space Station (ISS)
Authors: Teodosiev Dimitar , Bouzekova-Penkova Anna , Simeonova Silviya , Grozev Nikolay 
Published: February 2023

The proposed work presents the results for contact angle and atomic force microscopy (AFM), which are applied to characterize the surface of two types of samples, “reference” sample and “space” sample, both made of the same material – graphite covered with glassy carbon coating, but stored for 28 months in different environments (conditions). One “space” sample was mounted outside the International Space Station, and the other “reference” sample was stored on Earth.
The technique applied to measure the contact angle of wetting of the surface of the samples (hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity) is using water droplets. Values of the energy surface area of the sample surfaces were determined by measuring the contact angle with the substances formamide and diiodomethane. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied to characterize the glass surface morphology of carbon coatings.
Assessment of the Subjectively Perceived Cognitive Deficit in Hospitalized Elderly Patients with Depression and the Relationship of Perceived Deficit Questionnaire – PDQ-D5 with the Socio-demographic and Clinical Factors
Authors: Natzkova Jacklin , Stoyanova Vessela 
Published: February 2023

The aim of the current study was to assess subjective cognitive dysfunction in elderly depressed patients and the impact of socio-demographic and clinical factors on its presentation.
All patients aged ≥ 65 years, which were hospitalized in the Psychiatric Clinic of “Alexandrovska” University Hospital for a two-year period and met the ICD-10 criteria for depression, were included. They were evaluated by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 24 items (HDRS24), its emotional-cognitive subscale (HDRScog) and its suicidal item (HDRSsuic), Geriatric Depression Scale 15 items (GDS15), its suicide subscale (GDSsuic), Perceived Deficit Questionnaire – Depression 5 items (PDQ-D5) and University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS). The PDQ-D5, UCLA-LS and GDS15 were also applied to a control group of 50 healthy elderlies. The data were processed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0.
Out of 131 patients, 29 had late-onset depression (LOD), 80 had recurrent depressive disorder (RDD) and 22 had bipolar depression (BD). Patients with BD had more episodes than those with RDD, and higher PDQ-D5 and HDRScog scores than those with LOD and RDD. The severity of PDQ-D5 correlated significantly with the severity of depression, loneliness, suicidal and HDRScog scores. After applying multiple linear regression analysis (R2 = 0.489, p <0.001) the UCLA-LS severity had the greatest impact on PDQ-D5, followed by HDRScog and depression severity, assessed by GDS15. The diagnosis of BD hadthe least impact.
PDQ-D5 reflects the severity of the current late-life depression and correlates significantly with the loneliness, emotional-cognitive symptoms and self-assessment of depression.
Highly Efficient Switchable Underwater Adhesion in Channeled Hydrogel Networks
Authors: Eklund Amanda , Ikkala Olli , Zhang Hang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ability to switch adhesion strength is a highly desirable property for adhesives applied in a wet environment. The major challenges involve the presence of a water layer between the substrate and adhesive, and the incorporation of efficient switching mechanisms. Despite the recent progresses in devising such systems, there exist several intrinsic limitations in the current strategies, such as high residual adhesion, the use of solid–liquid transition, or thin film configurations. Herein, a channeled poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) hydrogel containing bio‐inspired dopamine‐comonomers is reported, which undergoes temperature‐controlled reversible switching of underwater adhesion on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. The introduction of microscopic channels inside the hydrogel, achieved by removing a sacrificial agarose network, greatly facilitates water removal from the interface and thus promotes underwater adhesive strength. On glass, the maximum adhesive stress of the channeled hydrogel can reach six times that of hydrogels without channels. Additionally, high switching efficiency and low residual adhesion can be achieved by the thermal phase transition of the PNIPAm network, also demonstrated by the capture and release of lightweight, irregular, fragile, and biological objects using the hydrogel. The channeling strategy provides implications for designing future underwater adhesive systems for, e.g., soft robotics or biomedical applications.
Combined Optical, Gravimetric, and Electrical Operando Investigation of Structural Variations in Polymeric Mixed Conductors
Authors: Zhang Yu , Paulsen Bryan D. , Schafer Emily A. , Zeng Qiming , Yu Fei , Yang Li , Xue Yan , Rivnay Jonathan , Zhao Ni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBioelectronics based on organic mixed conductors offers tremendous application potential in biological interfacing, drug delivery systems, and neuromorphic devices. The ion injection and water swelling upon electrochemical switching can significantly change the molecular packing of polymeric mixed conductors and thus influence the device performance. Herein, we quantify ion and water injection, and analyze the change of microscopic molecular packing of typical polymeric mixed conducting materials, namely poly(3,4‑ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and poly(2‐(3,3′‐bis(2‐(2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethoxy) ethoxy)‐[2,2′‐bithiophen]‐5‐yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene) (p(g2T‐TT)), by integrating electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, in situ charge accumulation spectroscopy, and electrical current‐voltage measurement. The penetration of ions and water can lead to viscous and disordered microstructures in organic mixed conductors and the water uptake property plays a more dominant role in morphological disruption compared with ion uptake is demonstrated. This study demonstrates the potential application of the combined optical, gravimetric, and electrical operando platform in evaluating the structural kinetics of organic mixed conductors and highlights the importance of concertedly tuning the hydration process, structural integrity, and charge transport properties of organic mixed conductors in order to achieve high performance and stable bioelectronic devices.
Uncovering the Function of a Five‐Membered Heterocyclic Solvent‐Based Electrolyte for Graphite Anode at Subzero Temperature
Authors: Yin Yue , Zheng Tianle , Chen Jiawei , Peng Yu , Fang Zhong , Mo Yanbing , Wang Congxiao , Wang Yonggang , Xia Yongyao , Dong Xiaoli 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEthylene carbonate (EC) is taken as the essential electrolyte component in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high permittivity and film‐forming ability. However, its high melting point (36.4 °C) and strong solvation energy severely hinder Li+ transportation and Li+ desolvation process under low temperatures, resulting in capacity loss and even Li plating on graphite anode. Herein, a five‐membered heterocyclic compound isoxazole (IZ), similar to EC molecule, is well‐formulated to substitute EC for low‐temperature operation of graphite anode. It is revealed that IZ with dispersed charge distribution exhibits a weaker solvation ability than EC with highly polar carbonyl group, which induces relatively more anions into the solvation sheath to form contact ion pairs and aggregates. The tamed electrolyte not only exhibits high ionic conductivities over wide‐temperature range but also generates an inorganic‐rich interphase with low activation barrier for smooth Li+ ions threading. This enables graphite anode with an impressive reversible capacity of 263 mAh g‐1 at the low temperature of −30 °C (a room‐temperature retention of as high as 71.5%), nearly twice higher than graphite with EC‐based electrolyte. This study provides an alternative electrolyte recipe to relieve the anxiety of LIBs operated under harsh conditions.
J‐Type Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Polymers for High‐Performance and Fast‐Response n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Liu Kai‐Kai , Li Peiyun , Lei Yuqiu , Zhang Zhuoqiong , Pan Xiran , So Shu Kong , Lei Ting 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo date, high‐performance organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are almost all based on conjugated polymers. Small molecules can be synthesized with high purity without batch‐to‐batch variations. However, small molecules require highly crystalline films and good molecular packings to achieve high charge carrier mobilities. Such features make their films unsuitable for ion diffusion or make their molecular packing distorted due to ion diffusion, resulting in poor ion/charge carrier transport properties and slow response speed. Herein, it is proposed to construct small‐molecule‐based supramolecular polymers to address these issues. A molecule, namely TDPP‐RD‐G7 is designed, which exhibits J‐type self‐assembling behaviors and can form supramolecular polymers in solution and conjugated‐polymer‐like networks in solid state. More importantly, the porous supramolecular polymer networks allow fast ion diffusion and greatly increase the device response speeds. As a result, the TDPP‐RD‐G7 exhibits record fast response speeds (τon/τoff) of 10.5/0.32 ms with high figure‐of‐merit (µC*) of 5.88 F cm−1 V−1 s−1 in small‐molecule OECTs. This work reveals the possible reasons that hinder the response speeds in small‐molecule OECTs and demonstrates a new “supramolecular polymer” approach to high‐performance and fast‐response small‐molecule‐based OECTs.
Vertical‐type 3D/Quasi‐2D n‐p Heterojunction Perovskite Photodetector
Authors: Hsiao Yuan‐Wen , Cheng Bi Shane , Hsu Hung‐Chieh , Wu Shih‐Hsiung , Wu Hsuan‐Ta , Leu Ching‐Chich , Shih Chuan‐Feng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research demonstrates a state‐of‐the‐art vertical‐transport photodetector with an n‐type 3D MAPbI3/p‐type quasi‐2D (Q‐2D) BA2MA2Pb3I10 perovskite heterojunction. This structure introduces a ≈0.6 V built‐in electric field at the n‐p junction that greatly improves the characteristics of the perovskite photodetector, and the presence of Q‐2D perovskite on the surface improves the life. The electrical polarities of the 3D and the Q‐2D perovskite layers are simply controlled by self‐constituent doping, making clearly defined n‐p characteristics. Doctor‐blade coating is used to fabricate the photodetector with a large area. The Q‐2D materials with highly oriented (040) Q‐2D (n = 2,3) planes are near the surface, and the (111) preferred planes mixed with high index Q‐2D materials (n = 4,5) are found near the 3D/Q‐2D interface. The stacking and interface are beneficial for carrier extraction and transport, yielding an external quantum efficiency of 77.9%, a carrier lifetime long as 295.7 ns, and a responsibility of 0.41 A W−1. A low dark current density of 6.2 × 10−7 mA cm−2 and a high detectivity of 2.82 × 1013 Jones are obtained. Rise time and fall time are fast as 1.33 and 10.1 µs, respectively. The results show the application potential of 3D/Q‐2D n‐p junction perovskite photodetectors.
Interfacing Biology and Electronics with Memristive Materials
Authors: Tzouvadaki Ioulia , Gkoupidenis Paschalis , Vassanelli Stefano , Wang Shiwei , Prodromakis Themis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMemristive technologies promise to have a large impact on modern electronics, particularly in the areas of reconfigurable computing and artificial intelligence (AI) hardware. Meanwhile, the evolution of memristive materials alongside the technological progress is opening application perspectives also in the biomedical field, particularly for implantable and lab‐on‐a‐chip devices where advanced sensing technologies generate a large amount of data. Memristive devices are emerging as bioelectronic links merging biosensing with computation, acting as physical processors of analog signals or in the framework of advanced digital computing architectures. Recent developments in the processing of electrical neural signals, as well as on transduction and processing of chemical biomarkers of neural and endocrine functions, are reviewed. It is concluded with a critical perspective on the future applicability of memristive devices as pivotal building blocks in bio‐AI fusion concepts and bionic schemes.
Multienzyme‐Like Nanozymes: Regulation, Rational Design, and Application
Authors: Sheng Jingyi , Wu Yuehuang , Ding He , Feng Kaizheng , Shen Yan , Zhang Yu , Gu Ning 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNanomaterials with more than one enzyme‐like activity are termed multienzymic nanozymes, and they have received increasing attention in recent years and hold huge potential to be applied in diverse fields, especially for biosensing and therapeutics. Compared to single enzyme‐like nanozymes, multienzymic nanozymes offer various unique advantages, including synergistic effects, cascaded reactions, and environmentally responsive selectivity. Nevertheless, along with these merits, the catalytic mechanism and rational design of multienzymic nanozymes are more complicated and elusive as compared to single‐enzymic nanozymes. In this review, the multienzymic nanozymes classification scheme based on the numbers/types of activities, the internal and external factors regulating the multienzymatic activities, the rational design based on chemical, biomimetic, and computer‐aided strategies, and recent progress in applications attributed to the advantages of multicatalytic activities are systematically discussed. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives regarding the development and application of multienzymatic nanozymes are suggested. This review aims to deepen the understanding and inspire the research in multienzymic nanozymes to a greater extent.
Fluid Flow Templating of Polymeric Soft Matter with Diverse Morphologies
Authors: Bang Rachel S. , Roh Sangchul , Williams Austin H. , Stoyanov Simeon D. , Velev Orlin D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is challenging to find a conventional nanofabrication technique that can consistently produce soft polymeric matter of high surface area and nanoscale morphology in a way that is scalable, versatile, and easily tunable. Here, the capabilities of a universal method for fabricating diverse nano‐ and micro‐scale morphologies based on polymer precipitation templated by the fluid streamlines in multiphasic flow are explored. It is shown that while the procedure is operationally simple, various combinations of its intertwined mechanisms can controllably and reproducibly lead to the formation of an extraordinary wide range of colloidal morphologies. By systematically investigating the process conditions, 12 distinct classes of polymer micro‐ and nano‐structures including particles, rods, ribbons, nanosheets, and soft dendritic colloids (dendricolloids) are identified. The outcomes are interpreted by delineating the physical processes into three stages: hydrodynamic shear, capillary and mechanical breakup, and polymer precipitation rate. The insights into the underlying fundamental mechanisms provide guidance toward developing a versatile and scalable nanofabrication platform. It is verified that the liquid shear‐based technique is versatile and works well with many chemically diverse polymers and biopolymers, showing potential as a universal tool for simple and scalable nanofabrication of many morphologically distinct soft matter classes.
Dry Lithography Patterning of Monolayer Flexible Field Effect Transistors by 2D Mica Stamping
Authors: Zou Deng , He Zhenfei , Chen Ming , Yan Lizhi , Guo Yifan , Gao Guoyun , Li Can , Piao Yingzhe , Cheng Xing , Chan Paddy K.L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) based on 2D monolayer organic semiconductors (OSC) have demonstrated promising potentials for various applications, such as light emitting diode (LED) display drivers, logic circuits, and wearable electrocardiography (ECG) sensors. To date, the fabrications of this class of highly crystallized 2D organic semiconductors (OSC) are dominated by solution shearing. As these organic active layers are only a few molecular layers thick, their compatibilities with conventional thermal evaporated top electrodes or sophisticated photolithography patterning are very limited, which also restricts their device density. Here, an electrode transfer stamp and a semiconductor patterning stamp are developed to fabricate OFETs with channel lengths down to 3 µm over a large area without using any chemicals or causing any damage to the active layer. 2D 2,9‐didecyldinaphtho[2,3‐b:2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (C10‐DNTT) monolayer OFETs developed by this new approach shows decent performance properties with a low threshold voltage (VTH) less than 0.5 V, intrinsic mobility higher than 10 cm2 V−1 s−1 and a subthreshold swing (SS) less than 100 mV dec−1. The proposed patterning approach is completely comparable with ultraflexible parylene substrate less than 2 µm thick. By further reducing the channel length down to 2 µm and using the monolayer OFET in an AC/DC rectifying circuit, the measured cutoff frequency is up to 17.3 MHz with an input voltage of 4 V. The newly proposed electrode transfer and patterning stamps have addressed the long‐lasting compatibility problem of depositing electrodes onto 2D organic monolayer and the semiconductor patterning. It opens a new path to reduce the fabrication cost and simplify the manufacturing process of high‐density OFETs for more advanced electronic or biomedical applications.