bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
nRCFV: A new, dataset-size-independent metric to quantify compositional heterogeneity in nucleotide and amino acid datasets
Authors: Fleming James F , Struck Torsten H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Motivation
Compositional heterogeneity – when the proportions of nucleotides and amino acids are not broadly similar across the dataset - is a cause of a great number of phylogenetic artefacts. Whilst a variety of methods can identify it post-hoc, few metrics exist to quantify compositional heterogeneity prior to the computationally intensive task of phylogenetic tree reconstruction. Here we assess the efficacy of one such existing, widely used, metric: Relative Composition Frequency Variability (RCFV), using both real and simulated data.
Results
Our results show that RCFV can be biased by sequence length, the number of taxa, and the number of possible character states within the dataset. However, we also find that missing data does not appear to have an appreciable value on RCFV. We discuss the theory behind this, the consequences of this for the future of the usage of the RCFV value and propose a new metric, nRCFV, which accounts for these biases. Alongside this, we present a new software that calculates both RCFV and nRCFV, called nRCFV_Reader.
Availability and Implementation
nRCFV has been implemented in RCFV_Reader, available at: https://github.com/JFFleming/RCFV_Reader. Both our simulation and real data are available at Datadryad.
Subtask performance of Timed Up and Go test in maintenance hemodialysis patients based on computer vision: a comparison with healthy controls
Authors: Jiao Le , Chen Liyan , Cui Hu , Li Wenwen , Tao Yuanyuan , Zhou Qingqing , Jiang Zhongli , Zhu Hongjun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Subtask durations of the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test may provide detailed information about mobility impairment in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). The aims of this study were to: (1) compare the TUG subtask durations between MHD patients and healthy controls, (2) verify the validity of subtask durations based on computer vision (CV).
Methods
The 3-meter TUG test was performed by MHD patients and healthy controls, and videos were recorded meanwhile. Additionally, 2-minute walking test (2MWT), five repetition sit-to-stand test (5STS) and 360-degree turn test (360TT) were performed by MHD patients and objective parameters of these tests were recorded by wearable inertial measurement units. The TUG test was divided into five subtasks: standing up (St1), walking forward (St2), turning around (St3), walking backward (St4) and turning to sitting down (St5). Five subtask durations were extracted from videos by CV algorithm and human observation independently.
Results
A total of 35 MHD patients and 35 healthy controls were recruited. MHD patients had significantly longer durations of St1, St3, and St5 compared with healthy controls (Cohen’s d =1.112, 1.378, 0.801 respectively; P<0.01 for all comparisons). The CV based subtask durations shown good agreements with ground truths extracted by human observations (Intraclass correlation coefficient＞0.8). Strong correlations were found between St2 duration and gait speed of 2MWT (r=-0.815), St3 duration and turning speed of 360TT (r=-0.632), St1 duration and standing time of 5STS (r=0.715), St5 duration and sitting time of 5STS (r=0.704) (all P <0.001).
Conclusion
The worse TUG test performance in MHD patients mainly manifested as the slowness of turning around, standing up and sitting down. The CV based TUG test was a highly efficient tool for multi-dimensional motor evaluation.
Building model for simulating the effect of main factors on the PVDF membrane formation process
Authors: Fang Ping , Fan Enran , Ren Peng , Li Yan , Hu Zhangfan , Liu Bin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Membrane separation technology has been widely studied as an effective means of treating wastewater. The method of mathematical modeling has been widely used in existing studies. In this study, we describe mathematically the conservation of mass, momentum and energy in a simple ternary membrane system, and construct basic control equations to simulate the main influencing factors. The system pressure P and system temperature T during the molding process were simulated in total, as well as the effects of the initial concentration of solvent in the polymer solution, the addition of non-solvent and the initial concentration of polymer on the evolution of the membrane structure. The results show that the concentration difference between the components, as the driving force of diffusion, jointly affects the diffusion ability of the PVDF; the system pressure P and the system temperature T change the rate of phase separation during the membrane formation process, which in turn changes the membrane structure. The influence of the initial concentration of each component on the membrane formation process is in the following order: polymer concentration > non-solvent concentration > solvent concentration, and the initial concentration of the polymer dominates the membrane formation process and its final morphology.
Pregnancy feasibility in women with mild pulmonary arterial hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Ruilin , Gao Hui , Cui Jianjian , Shi Haoran , Yang Zejun , Jin Zhishan , Liu Xiaoxia , Wu Di , Liu Weifang , Zheng Yanfang , Zhao Yin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the pregnancy feasibility of women with mild pulmonary hypertension according to pregnancy outcomes.
Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the differences in maternal and fetal outcomes between mild and moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension. Relevant English and Chinese literature were searched in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (COCHRANE), CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP databases between January 1, 1990 and October 1, 2021, and the references of the included articles and relevant systematic reviews were reviewed to determine whether studies were missed. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled and observational studies (including case-control studies and cohort studies) examining maternal and fetal pregnancy outcomes with pulmonary hypertension. Conference abstracts, case reports, case series reports, non-comparative studies, and review articles were excluded.
Results
This meta-analysis included 29 studies. In this study, maternal and fetal outcomes were better in the mild pulmonary hypertension group than in the moderate-to-severe group. Regarding maternal mortality, the mild group was much lower than the moderate-to-severe group. We found a significant decrease in maternal mortality in the mild group after 2010. However, no significant difference in maternal mortality before and after 2010 was observed in the moderate to severe group. Cardiac complications, ICU admission, neonatal preterm birth, small for gestational age infants, low birth weight infants, neonatal asphyxia, and neonatal mortality were significantly lower in the mild pulmonary hypertension group than in the moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension group. The cesarean section rates of the two groups were similar. However, the vaginal delivery rate in the mild pulmonary hypertension group was significantly higher than that in the moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension group.
Conclusions
This meta-analysis confirmed that pregnancies with mild pulmonary hypertension had significantly better maternal and fetal outcomes than those with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. For patients with mild pulmonary hypertension and good cardiac function, continued pregnancy or even delivery should be considered under multidisciplinary monitoring. However, maternal and fetal complications with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension significantly increase. Hence, it is essential to evaluate pregnancy risk and terminate it in time.
On quadratic Ostrowski extensions of imaginary quadratic fields
Authors: Naroui Razieh , Rajaei Ali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper we discuss an analogue of Hilbert’s theorems 105 and106, i.e. a re-interpretation of Gauss’ “genus theory”, for imaginary quadratic fields of class number one. We explicitly compute all biquadratic fields whose ambiguous ideal classes over an imaginary quadratic field of class number one are principal.
“Dental Consideration in Patients Under Bisphosphonate and Radiotherapy: Systematic Review”
Authors: AlSahman Roba , AlSahman Lujain , Alturiaki Sami 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is defined as the necrosis of jawbone cells in patients who are on drugs known to increase the risk of the disease. The condition may lead to several complications in oral cavity. Osteoradionecrosis is a serious complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Radioactive osteonecrosis most commonly occurs in the mouth during treatment of head and neck cancer and can appear up to 5 years after radiation. The aim of current systematic review was highlighted on the dental consideration after and during radiotherapy and treatment of bisphosphonate.
Methodology: The present Systematic review conducted to relevant recent articles that detected and identified through the journals databases (PUBMED, EMBASE, and MEDLINE) between the year 01 January 2015 to 01 May 2022. A search was achieved by using the specific keywords terms Dental care; Dental management; bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ); Osteoradionecrosis; Bisphosphonate; and Radiotherapy.
Results: The current systematic review conducted to 18 articles published after 2015s, most articles were highlighted on Head and neck cancer with low sample size, and osteonecrosis condition during Bisphosphate therapy. The results showed significant Osteoradionecrosis effect of radiotherapy on jawbone characterized by non-healing socket after extraction, loosening of teeth, exposed oral cavity bone, poor healing and infection of soft tissue, numbness, or the feeling of heaviness in the jaw and exudate discharge. As well as the results showed negative osteonecrosis effect of BP therapy on the jawbone during therapy characterized by change of tooth structure.
Conclusion: HNC patients should have comprehensive dental examination before undergoing to radiotherapy, as well as clearance before start bisphosphates, also dentist Should be highly educated and skilled in managing oral disease and minimize the high risk of complications.
Analysis of the Benefit of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist in Premenopausal Women undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Han Ruxue , Song Ziyi , Li Huiling , Wang Chaohua , Yang Xin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the benefits of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) in premenopausal women undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation(HSCT).
Methods: Candidates for myeloablative chemotherapy HSCT requiring fertility preservation in the Gynecological Endocrinology Clinic of Peking University People's Hospital from December 2011 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were consecutively included. Patients who chose to receive GnRHa treatment were given at least 2 courses of 3.75-mg dose of GnRHa treatment before myeloablative chemotherapy, and patients who chose not to receive GnRHa treatment were included in the control group. All patients were monitored for menstruation return, menopause-related symptoms, and ovarian function tests (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol) were done 6-12 months after HSCT. In addition, we counted the vaginal bleeding of patients in the laminar air-flow room (LAFR).
Results: A total of 234 cases were included in this study, 77 cases in the treatment group and 157 cases in the control group. Compared with the control group, the incidence of vaginal bleeding in LAFR in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (24.68% vs. 79.62%, P<0.001). The menopausal symptoms of the patients in the treatment group were reduced after transplantation (46.75% vs. 19.75%, P<0.001). There was no difference in visible follicles by the follow-up ultrasound in the two groups after HSCT (16.88% vs. 13.38%, P=0.474). The level of FSH at 6-12 months after transplantation was lower (98.00 mIU/ml vs. 117.53 mIU/ml, P=0.001). The proportion of patients with FSH <40 mIU/ml did not differ between the two groups. One patient in the treatment group recovered spontaneous menstruation while none in the control group (1.30% vs. 0%, P=0.329).
Conclusion: The use of GnRHa may relieve menopause-related symptoms, reduce vaginal bleeding in LAFR and breakthrough bleeding after transplantation. GnRHa treatment can reduce the level of FSH after myeloablative chemotherapy, but it cannot reduce the incidence of premature ovarian failure in women of reproductive age following myeloablative HSCT.
Ligamentum flavum analysis in patients with lumbar discus hernia and lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Aleksić Vuk , Todorović Jovana , Miladinović Nenad , Aleksić Nemanja , Bogosavljević Vojislav , Đurović Marko , Kocić Svetlana , Aleksić Radmila , Joković Miloš 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The normal ligamentum flavum (LF) is a well-defined elastic structure with specific innervation. Several studies investigated LF in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and used lumbar discus hernia (LDH) patients as control group, only on the presumed thesis that LF in this patients have normal morphology. In patients with LSS thickening of the LF is the main cause of stenosis, which is most often presented with neurogenic claudication, whose pathophysiological mechanism is not completely understood.
Methods: we conducted observational cohort study of 60 operated patients divided into two groups. The first group of 30 patients underwent micro-discectomy (LSH group), and second group with 30 patients underwent decompression, after which analysis of harvested LF was performed.
Results: patients from the LDH group and LSS group differed significantly in the frequencies of chief complaints, duration of symptoms, physical examination, and specific morphological/radiological parameters. The LF analysis showed that the groups differed significantly in the amount of collagen and elastic fibers, as well as in the histological appearance/architectonics of elastic fibers. Also, groups differ in the presence of LF nerve fibers.
Conclusion: our findings speak in favor of the inflammatory theory in the origin of spinal neurogenic claudication’s.
Population-specific facial traits and diagnosis accuracy of genetic and rare diseases in an admixed Colombian population
Authors: Echeverry Luis Miguel , Candelo Estephania , Gómez Eidith , Solís Paula , Ramírez Diana , Ortiz Diana , González Alejandro , Sevillano Xavier , Cuéllar Juan Carlos , Pachajoa Harry , Martínez-Abadías Neus 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Up to 40% of genetic and rare disorders (RD) present facial dysmorphologies, and visual assessment is commonly used for clinical diagnosis. Although quantitative approaches are more objective and accurate, most current methods based on European descent populations disregard population ancestry. Here we assessed the facial phenotypes associated to Down (DS), Morquio (MS), Noonan (NS) and Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) syndromes in a Latino-American population from Colombia. We recorded the coordinates of 18 landmarks in 2D images from 79 controls and 51 pediatric patients. We quantified facial differences using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis, and assessed the diagnostic accuracy of Face2gene, an automatic deep-learning algorithm. Individuals diagnosed with DS and MS presented severe phenotypes, with 58.2% and 65.4% of significantly different facial traits. The percentage decreased to 47.7% in NS and 11.4% in NF1. Each syndrome presented characteristic dysmorphology patterns, supporting the diagnostic potential of facial biomarkers. However, population-specific traits were detected, and the diagnostic accuracy of Face2Gene was affected by ancestry. Accuracy was high in DS, moderate in NS and NF1, but low in MS, with low facial gestalt similarity in admixed individuals. Our study underscores that facial quantitative analysis in populations with diverse Amerindian, African and European ancestry are crucial to improve diagnostic methods.
Thermodynamic origin of nonvolatility in resistive switching
Authors: Li Yiyang , Li Jingxian , Appachar Anirudh , Peczonczyk Sabrina , Harrison Elisa , Roest Brianna , Ievlev Anton , Hood Ryan , Yoo Sangmin , Sun Kai , Talin Albert , Lu Wei , Kumar Suhas , Sun Wenhao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Electronic switches based on the migration of high-density point defects, or memristors, are poised to revolutionize post-digital electronics. Despite significant research, key mechanisms for filament formation and oxygen transport remain unresolved, thus hindering our ability to predict and design crucial device properties. For example, predicted retention times based on current models can be 10 orders of magnitude lower than ones experimentally realized. Here, using electrical measurements, chemical spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations on tantalum oxide memristors, we reveal that the formation and stability of conductive filaments crucially depend on the stability of the amorphous oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor compounds, which undergo composition phase separation. Including the previously neglected effects of this amorphous phase separation reconciles unexplained discrepancies and enables predictive design of key performance indicators such as retention stability. This result emphasizes non-ideal thermodynamic interactions as key design criteria in post-digital devices with defect densities substantially exceeding those of today’s covalent semiconductors.
Effectiveness of Non-Face-to-Face Dementia Prevention Program on Cognitive function and Depression in Community-dwelling Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea
Authors: Min Kyoung-chul , Kim Eun-hee , Woo Hee-soon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Continuous participation of dementia prevention program is important to the community-dwelling elderly. Therefore, reducing treatment gaps using non-face-to-face program is important in COVID-19. The aim of this study is to introduce evidence-based non face-to-face dementia prevention program in Korean context, and to identify the effect of non-face-to-face dementia prevention program on cognitive function and depression of community-dwelling elderly during the COVID 19 pandemic.
Methods: A total of 101 community-dwelling elderly without dementia participated in 12 sessions of a non-face-to-face dementia prevention program designed by occupational therapist. Cognitive functions and depression were tested.
Results: Every item of cognitive function was maintained, and memory increased. The symptoms of depression decreased significantly. From the opinions of the participants, participation in new activities, reduction of boredom, communication, and reminisce were benefits of this program.
Conclusions: Non-face-to-face dementia prevention program is an effective method to maintain and increase cognitive function and prevent depression on community-dwelling elderly. The community-based non-face-to-face occupational therapy program of this study is useful to give chance to participate in continuous activities during the COVID 19 pandemic.
A co-formulation of Interferons alpha2b and gamma distinctively targets Cell Cycle in the glioblastoma-derived cell line U-87MG
Authors: Miranda Jamilet , Vázquez-Blomquist Dania , Bringas Ricardo , Fernandez-de-Cossio Jorge , Palenzuela Daniel , Novoa Lidia I. , Bello-Rivero Iraldo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

BackgroundHeberFERON is a co-formulation of α2b and γ interferons, based on their synergism, which has shown its clinical superiority over individual interferons in basal cell carcinomas. In glioblastoma (GBM), HeberFERON has displayed promising preclinical and clinical results. This led us to design a microarray experiment aimed at identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in the distinctive effect of HeberFERON compared to the individual interferons.MethodsTranscriptional expression profiling includinga control (untreated) and three groups receiving α2b-interferon, γ-interferon and HeberFERON was performed using an Illumina HT-12 microarray platform. Unsupervised methods for gene and sample grouping, identification of differentially expressed genes, functional enrichment and network analysis computational biology methods were applied to identify distinctive transcription patterns of HeberFERON. Validation of most representative genes was performed by qPCR. For the cell cycle analysis of cells treated with HeberFERON for 24h, 48h and 72h we used flow cytometry.ResultsThe three treatments show different behavior based on the gene expression profiles. The enrichment analysis identified several mitotic cell cycle related events, in particular from prometaphase to anaphase, which are exclusively targeted by HeberFERON. The FOXM1 transcription factor network that is involved in several cell cycle phases and is highly expressed in GBMs, is significantly down regulated. Flow cytometry experiments corroborated the action of HeberFERON on the cell cycle in a dose and time dependent manner with a clear cellular arrest as of 24h post-treatment. Despite the fact that p53 was not down-regulated, several genes involved in its regulatory activity were functionally enriched. Network analysis also revealed a strong relationship of p53 with genes targeted by HeberFERON. We propose a mechanistic model to explain this distinctive action, based on the simultaneous activation of PKR and ATF3, p53 phosphorylation changes, as well as its reduced MDM2 mediated ubiquitination and export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. PLK1, AURKB, BIRC5 and CCNB1 genes, all regulated by FOXM1, also play central roles in this model. These and other interactions could explain a G2/M arrest and the effect of HeberFERON on the proliferation of U-87MG.ConclusionsWe proposed molecular mechanisms underlying the distinctive behavior of HeberFERON compared to the treatments with the individual interferons, where cell cycle related events were highly relevant.
Molecular characterization of a novel Victorivirus (Gharbivirales: Totiviridae) infecting Metarhizium anisopliae
Authors: Camargo Matheus Silva , Geremia Felipe , Sbaraini Nicolau , Staats Charley Christian , Filho Márcio Silva , Schrank Augusto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, we described the occurrence and complete genome of a novel Victorivirus infecting Metarhizium anisopliae, named “Metarhizium anisopliae victorivirus 1” (MaVV1). The genome is 5,353 bp in length and contains two ORFs, encoding a Coat Protein and an RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp), which are overlapped in an octanucleotide (AUGAGUAA). Among characterized viruses, the identified ORFs showed similarity with Ustilaginoidea virens RNA virus L (68.23%) and Ustilaginoidea virens RNA virus 1 (58.11%), both belonging to Totiviridae family. Phylogenetic analysis based on RdRp sequences revealed the MaVV1 placement in the Victorivirus genus. This is the first genome sequence report of a virus belonging to the genus Victorivirus infecting the entomopathogenic fungus M. anisopliae.