bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change-Induced Regional Landslide Hazard and Exposure Assessment for Aiding Climate Resilient Road Infrastructure Planning: A Case Study in Bagmati and Madhesh Provinces, Nepal
Authors: Wijaya I Putu Krishna , Towashiraporn Peeranan , Joshi Anish , Jayasinghe Susantha , Dewi Anggraini , Alam Md. Nurul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNepal’s hilly and mountainous regions are highly susceptible to landslides triggered by extreme precipitations. The prevalence of such landslides has increased due to climate change-induced extreme hydro-meteorological conditions. These recurring landslides have significantly impacted the road transport infrastructure, which is the economic lifeline for cities and socio-economic mobility of rural communities in the hilly and mountainous regions of the country. This study modelled extreme rainfall scenarios for the current 1976–2005 baseline and future horizons of 2030, 2050, and 2080 to develop high-resolution 1 km × 1 km mean precipitation datasets under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Based on these extreme precipitation scenarios, we developed high-resolution landslide hazard models adopting integrated weighted index by combining the Frequency Ratio (FR) and Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) methods using multi-variate factors. The multi-variate factors included three terrain parameters—slope, aspect, and elevation; two soil parameters—lithology and soil type; two Euclidean distance parameters from the likely sources—distance from the lineaments and distance from the stream/river; an anthropogenic parameter—land use; and the climate parameter—the mean annual rainfall for four-time horizons and two RCPs. These parameters were spatially modelled and combined using the weighted overlay method to generate a landslide hazard model. As demonstration case studies, the landslide hazard models were developed for Bagmati and Madhesh provinces. The models were validated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) approach, which showed a satisfactory 81–86% accuracy in the study area. Spatial exposure analysis of the road network assets under the Strategic Road Network (SRN) was completed for seven landslide hazard scenarios. In both Bagmati and Madhesh provinces, the exposure analysis showed that the proportion of road sections exposed to landslide hazard significantly increases for the future climate change scenarios compared to the current baseline scenario.
Real-Time High-Resolution Prediction of Orographic Rainfall for Early Warning of Landslides
Authors: Onishi Ryo , Hirai Joe , Kolomenskiy Dmitry , Yasuda Yuki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHeavy rainfall often causes devastating landslides. Early warning based on reliable rainfall prediction can help reduce human and economic damages. This paper describes a recent development of reliable high-resolution prediction of orographic (topographic) rainfall using our next-generation numerical weather prediction model, the Multi-Scale Simulator for the Geoenvironment (MSSG). High-resolution computing is required for reliable rainfall prediction, and the MSSG can run with very high resolutions. Robust cloud microphysics is another key to realizing reliable predictions of orographic clouds, where the atmospheric boundary turbulence can affect. This paper clarifies that in-cloud turbulence can enhance cloud development. The recent cloud microphysics model that can consider turbulence enhancement is newly implemented in the MSSG. The emerging machine-learning technology is also coupled with the MSSG for reliable operational predictions. We show the recent development towards reliable predictions of orographic rainfall for realizing early warning of landslides.
Strengthening the Resilience by Implementing a Standard for Landslide Early Warning System
Authors: Fathani Teuku Faisal , Karnawati Dwikorita , Wilopo Wahyu , Setiawan Hendy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe implementation of early warning systems is in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015–2030. The Sendai Framework Priority 4 emphasizes improvement of preparedness and anticipation of disasters by establishing communities’ resilience to disaster. The development of a simple, low-cost early warning system that is universally accessible is needed to achieve the goals of the Sendai Framework. Universitas Gadjah Mada, incorporated with the Indonesian Standardization Agency (BSN) and the Indonesian Disaster Management Authority (BNPB), has promoted a new standard for community-based landslide early warning systems to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This standard, published as ISO 22327:2018, empowers individuals and communities vulnerable to landslides to act in sufficient time, and in appropriate ways to reduce the possibility of injuries, loss of life, and damage to property and the environment. It is designed to encourage communities to play a more active role in their own protection. ISO 22327:2018 adopts the concept of a people-centered early warning system by UNISDR (2006) to be used by communities vulnerable to landslides, and by government and non-governmental organizations at central, provincial, districts, sub-district, and village levels.
Central Asia Rockslides Inventory: Compilation, Analysis and Training—Progress of the IPL WCoE
Authors: Strom Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractJSC “Hydroproject Institute” together with Institute of Seismology of National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic were awarded a World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction (WCoE) since the 1st World Landslide Forum in 2008. This award was confirmed during the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th World Landslide Forums. The core activity of this WCoE is the Kokomeren Summer School on Rockslides and Related Phenomena—a two-week long annual field training course aimed to acquaint students and young landslide researchers with unique and very didactic examples of large-scale rockslides, rock avalanches and manifestations of active tectonics abundant in the Kokomeren River basin in Central Tien Shan. Further development of these activities evolved in compilation of the complete rockslide database of the entire Central Asia Region embracing Pamir, Tien Shan and Dzungaria that belong to six states—Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.
Challenges in Defining Frequentist Rainfall Thresholds to Be Implemented in a Landslide Early Warning System in India
Authors: Gariano Stefano Luigi , Melillo Massimo , Brunetti Maria Teresa , Kumar Sumit , Mathiyalagan Rajkumar , Peruccacci Silvia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn India, rainfall-induced landslides cause a high toll in terms of fatalities and damages. Therefore, the adoption of tools to predict the occurrence of such phenomena is urgent. For the purpose, the LANDSLIP project aimed at developing a landslide early warning system (LEWS) to forecast the occurrence of rainfall-induced landslides in two Indian pilot areas: Darjeeling and Nilgiris. Rainfall thresholds are a widely used tool to define critical probability levels for the possible occurrence of landslides in large areas, and are particularly suitable to be implemented in LEWSs.In this work, we exploited two catalogues of 84 and 116 rainfall conditions likely responsible for landslide triggering in Darjeeling and Nilgiris, respectively. Adopting a frequentist statistical method and using an automatic tool, we determined rainfall thresholds at different non-exceedance probabilities for the two pilot areas. Despite the daily temporal resolution of rainfall data and the spatial and temporal distribution of the documented landslides, the thresholds calculated for the two areas have acceptable uncertainties and were implemented in the LANDSLIP LEWS prototype. We expect that the new thresholds and the whole system will contribute to mitigate the landslide risk in the study areas.
Composite Repair and Remanufacturing
Authors: von Freeden Justus , de Wit Jesper , Caba Stefan , Kroll Susanne , Zhao Huan , Ren Jinchang , Yan Yijun , Arshed Farhan , Ahmad Abdul , Xirouchakis Paul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor the reuse of components and structures made of fiber composite materials, a complete remanufacturing process chain is necessary to prepare the parts for a further life cycle. The first step is to dismantle the parts to be reused. Fiber composite components are mostly joined using adhesive technology, so that solution techniques are required for adhesive connections. One possibility is the separation of the adhesive layer by means of thermally expanding particles. Adhesive residues are removed by laser so that the components can be glued again after reprocessing. The decisive factor for which process is used for the remanufacturing of the components is the state at the end of the life cycle. Non-destructive testing methods offer a very good option for detecting damage, planning necessary repairs and direct reuse of damage-free components. Repairs to fiber composite structures have been carried out in aviation for a long time and are accordingly established. These processes can be transferred to the repair of automotive fiber composite components. Many technical solutions were developed and tested as part of the project. Future research work is aimed at further development, particularly with regard to the automation of the technologies in order to enable an industrial application of the recycling of automobile components made of fiber composites.
Co-Design of Creative Products Embedding Recycled Fibers
Authors: Behnam Sarah , Bonaiti Giacomo , Filek Severin , König Tamara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe involvement of designers in the sustainable transition from linear to circular economy is crucial since they significantly contribute to the realization of products and services. In the FiberEUse project, a multiple-step approach to co-design was employed, starting with the definition of a first and second design brief in order to clarify the task objectives for designers. This was followed by the description of the co-design process, which aims to engage designers to contribute innovative design concepts for recycled composites. By publishing design concepts in the feedback collection software module Idea Manager, designers and users were able to exchange information, insights, visions, and thoughts digitally. The Idea Manager comprises a feedback collection tool that supports a first assessment of design concepts. Depending on the design briefing and/or confidentiality agreements, the feedback collection and the assessment can either be done (stakeholder-)internally or publicly. A flowchart illustrates the multi-step approach of co-design within the FiberEUse project. The feedback collection process was aided by a progress analysis to detect new value chains for business cases. For the selection of product design concepts, a progress analysis partitioned into four main criteria, the following aspects are drawn on for assessment: (i) quantitative and qualitative production feasibility, (ii) closeness to market introduction, (iii) potential volume of the market, (iv) circularity, (v) type of market, (vi) service opportunities, and (vii) take-back/deposit systems. Aside from bringing out the advantages of co-design for consumers as well as production companies, this chapter also discusses general challenges of co-design and co-creation in a broader sense when intellectual property rights (IPR) are not respected appropriately. The participation in a publicly accessible co-design of concepts must be clearly communicated and accepted by each participant by agreeing to intelligible terms and conditions.
Product Re-Design Guidelines
Authors: Filek Severin , Gründl Harald , Heinrich Viktoria Lea , Kellhammer Marco , König Tamara 
Published: January 2023

Abstract‘Product re-design guidelines’ outline the rethinking of consumer and capital goods design in a context of a transition from a current linear economy towards a circular-oriented economy. These guidelines deliver generalized quality standards addressing various target groups who are to be engaged in order to achieve sustainable results. The definition of crucial counterparts of a system or beneficiaries, respectively, changes the guidelines’ discuss factors that are fundamental for the integration of sustainability aspects into existing and/or novel business models. With regard to the circular progression in future, awareness building for improvements in disassembling and remanufacturing will remain essential among designers and producers.
New Business Models and Logistical Considerations for Composites Re-use
Authors: Copani Giacomo , Mirpourian Maryam , Trivyza Nikoletta , Rentizelas Athanasios , Ijomah Winifred , Oswald Sarah , Siegl Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe growing use of composites in various industries such as aerospace, automotive and wind turbine has increased environmental concerns regarding their waste disposal methods. Deploying circular economy practices to reuse composites could play a crucial role in the future. In this regard, this chapter addresses the development and implementation of new business models for composites re-use, as fundamental enabler for the industrial exploitation and diffusion of technological and methodological innovations developed in the FiberEUse project. Seven products were chosen as representatives for composites reuse application in four industrial sectors: sanitary, sports equipment, furniture and automotive. Re-use business models are presented describing their value proposition, with particular reference to the provision of advanced product-service bundles, the revenue models (including schemes such as leasing), as well as new supply chain configurations entailing new partnership between producers and recyclers to access post-use composites to re-use. Given the importance of reverse supply networks, the potential reverse logistics pathways for mechanical recycling of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP), thermal recycling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) and remanufacturing of CF composites waste in Europe for 2020 and 2050 have been investigated. We concluded that the optimal reverse logistics network needs to be decentralized in more than one country in Europe. Therefore, it is suggested that policy makers address regulation to allow the transportation of waste between European countries to facilitate the development of recycling networks for composites reuse.
The FiberEUse Demand-Driven, Cross-Sectorial, Circular Economy Approach
Authors: Colledani Marcello , Turri Stefano , Diani Marco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractComposite materials are widely used in several industrial sectors such as wind energy, aeronautics, automotive, construction, boating, sports equipment, furniture and design. The ongoing increase in composites market size will result in relevant waste flows with related environmental issues and value losses if sustainable solutions for their post-use recovery and reuse are not developed and upscaled. The H2020 FiberEUse project aimed at the large-scale demonstration of new circular economy value-chains based on the reuse of End-of-Life fiber reinforced composites. The project showed the opportunities enabled by the creation of robust circular value-chains based on the implementation of a demand-driven, cross-sectorial circular economy approach, in which a material recovered from a sector is reused within high-added value products in different sectors. A holistic approach based on the synergic use of different hardware and digital enabling technologies, compounded by non-technological innovations, have been implemented to develop eight demonstrators grouped in three use cases, fostering different strategies. In particular, Use Case 1 focused on the mechanical recycling of short glass fibers, Use Case 2 on the thermal recycling of long fibers, while Use Case 3 focused on the inspection, repair and remanufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced plastics products and parts.
Styrene-Free Liquid Resins for Composite Reformulation
Authors: Suriano Raffaella , Mantelli Andrea , Griffini Gianmarco , Turri Stefano , Bonaiti Giacomo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThree different classes of thermosetting styrene-free resins were investigated to assess their suitability to constitute the matrix phase in the reformulation of composites reinforced with mechanically recycled glass fibers. Resin reactivity and mechanical properties after curing were compared to commercial styrene-based, unsaturated polyester resins. The polymeric resin, acting as a binder, could be properly selected depending on the desired reactivity, processability, and mechanical behavior. Some prototypal examples of reformulated composites with different types and contents of recycled glass fibers were produced and mechanically tested. The combination of the epoxy resin with up to 60 wt% of mechanically recycled glass fibers resulted in an increase of elastic modulus up to 7.5 GPa.
Leptonic CP asymmetry and Light flavored scalar
Authors: Abe Yoshihiko , Ito Toshimasa , Yoshioka Koichi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We consider a situation where right-handed neutrinos couple to a light scalar which is possibly a Nambu-Goldstone boson resulting from high-energy symmetry breaking. Its coupling is typically complex-valued and flavor-dependent. In this work, we investigate the possibility of the leptonic asymmetry generation in the Universe from the right-handed neutrino decay to flavorful light scalar. Furthermore a new source of asymmetry generation from a single decay process is pointed out, which is characteristic of the present setting.
Spinning correlators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 SCFTs: Superspace and AdS amplitudes
Authors: Bissi Agnese , Fardelli Giulia , Manenti Andrea , Zhou Xinan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We study four-point functions of spinning operators in the flavor current multiplet in four dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs, using superspace techniques. In particular we explicitly construct the differential operators relating the different components of the super-correlator. As a byproduct of our analysis, we report the computation of the four-point amplitudes of gluons in bosonic Yang-Mills theories on AdS5 and we give evidence of an AdS double copy relation between the gluon amplitude and its gravitational counterpart.
On the Nekrasov partition function of gauged Argyres-Douglas theories
Authors: Kimura Takuya , Nishinaka Takahiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We study SU(2) gauge theories coupled to (A1, DN) theories with or without a fundamental hypermultiplet. For even N, a formula for the contribution of (A1, DN) to the Nekrasov partition function was recently obtained by us with Y. Sugawara and T. Uetoko. In this paper, we generalize it to the case of odd N in the classical limit, under the condition that the relevant couplings and vacuum expectation values of Coulomb branch operators of (A1, DN) are all turned off. We apply our formula to the (A2, A5) theory to find that its prepotential is related to that of the SU(2) gauge theory with four fundamental flavors by a simple change of variables.
New sum rules for the Bc → J/ψ form factors
Authors: Bordone M. , Khodjamirian A. , Mannel Th. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We derive new sum rules for the form factors of the $$ {B}_c\to J/\psi \ell {\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$

B
c

→
J
/
ψ
ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ

semileptonic transitions, employing the vacuum-to-Bc correlation function of the J/ψ-interpolating and b → c weak currents. In the heavy quark limit and at a space-like momentum transfer to the weak current, a local operator-product expansion is valid for this correlation function. As a result, in the leading power, the non-perturbative input is reduced to the decay constant of Bc meson. Furthermore, applying hadronic dispersion relation in the J/ψ channel, we find that a non-vanishing OPE spectral density in the duality interval of J/ψ emerges only at $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(αs). We calculate this density in the relevant kinematic regime. The Bc → J/ψ form factors at space-like momentum transfer are then calculated from the new sum rules.
The tangent cone, the dimension and the frontier of the medial axis
Authors: Białożyt Adam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper establishes a relation between the tangent cone of the medial axis of X at a given point $$a\in {\mathbb {R}}^n$$

a
∈

R

n

and the medial axis of the set of points m(a) in X realising the Euclidean distance d(a, X). As a consequence, a lower bound for the dimension of the medial axis of X in terms of the dimension of the medial axis of m(a) is obtained. This formula appears to be the missing link to the full description of the medial axis’ dimension. An extended study of potentially troublesome points on the frontier of the medial axis is also provided, resulting in their characterisation by the recently introduced by Birbrair and Denkowski reaching radius whose definition we simplify.
On Scaling Laws for Multi-Well Nucleation Problems Without Gauge Invariances
Authors: Rüland Angkana , Tribuzio Antonio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, we study scaling laws for simplified multi-well nucleation problems without gauge invariances which are motivated by models for shape-memory alloys. Seeking to explore the role of the order of lamination on the energy scaling for nucleation processes, we provide scaling laws for various model problems in two and three dimensions. In particular, we discuss (optimal) scaling results in the volume and the singular perturbation parameter for settings in which the surrounding parent phase is in the first-, the second- and the third-order lamination convex hull of the wells of the nucleating phase. Furthermore, we provide a corresponding result for the setting of an infinite order laminate which arises in the context of the Tartar square. In particular, our results provide isoperimetric estimates in situations in which strong nonlocal anisotropies are present.
Estimating the probability that a given vector is in the convex hull of a random sample
Authors: Hayakawa Satoshi , Lyons Terry , Oberhauser Harald 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor a d-dimensional random vector X, let $$p_{n, X}(\theta )$$

p

n
,
X

(
θ
)

be the probability that the convex hull of n independent copies of X contains a given point $$\theta $$
θ
. We provide several sharp inequalities regarding $$p_{n, X}(\theta )$$

p

n
,
X

(
θ
)

and $$N_X(\theta )$$

N
X

(
θ
)

denoting the smallest n for which $$p_{n, X}(\theta )\ge 1/2$$

p

n
,
X

(
θ
)

≥
1
/
2

. As a main result, we derive the totally general inequality $$1/2 \le \alpha _X(\theta )N_X(\theta )\le 3d + 1$$

1
/
2
≤

α
X

(
θ
)

N
X

(
θ
)

≤
3
d
+
1

, where $$\alpha _X(\theta )$$

α
X

(
θ
)

(a.k.a. the Tukey depth) is the minimum probability that X is in a fixed closed halfspace containing the point $$\theta $$
θ
. We also show several applications of our general results: one is a moment-based bound on $$N_X(\mathbb {E}\!\left[ X\right] )$$

N
X

(
E

X

)

, which is an important quantity in randomized approaches to cubature construction or measure reduction problem. Another application is the determination of the canonical convex body included in a random convex polytope given by independent copies of X, where our combinatorial approach allows us to generalize existing results in random matrix community significantly.