bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fallübergreifende Betrachtung: Spannungslagen I
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Verfahrensrationalität beider Gebietskörperschaften stelle ich nun vergleichend und im Verlauf des Projektarbeitsbogens dar. Die Typen gesellschaftlicher Integration und deren Intensität beschreibe ich zunächst in Bezug auf den Aufgabenkomplex Kernaktivitäten herstellen und entlang der Arbeitsphasen im Bereich der Strategien. Darauf folgen die offenen Codes zum Aufgabenkomplex Spannungslagen ausbalancieren.
Kommunikationsmedien der Handlungs- Verfahrens- und Ergebnisrationalität
Authors: Lüthi Katharina 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungMithilfe des Aufgabenkomplexes Handlungslogiken antizipieren stelle ich nun noch die Investition von Kommunikationsmedien entlang der Arbeitsphasen dar. Damit kann ich zeigen, dass der Aufbau eines (kommunalen) Bildungsmanagements (auf kommunaler Ebene) am meisten durch Sprachinvestition (25 Codes), gleichgewichtig durch Macht- (11 Codes) und Reputationsinvestition (10 Codes) und am wenigsten durch Geldinvestition (4 Codes) erfolgt. Bei der Beschreibung der Kommunikationsmedien orientiere ich mich erstens an der Frage, welche Phasen und damit Rationalitäten im Projektarbeitsbogen ein Kommunikationsmedium bespielt.
All plus four point (A)dS graviton function using generalized on-shell recursion relation
Authors: Albayrak Soner , Kharel Savan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a calculation of the four gravitons amplitude in (Anti)-de Sitter space, focusing specifically on external gravitons with positive helicity. To achieve this, we employ a generalized recursion method that involves complexifying all external momentum of the graviton function, which results in the factorization of AdS graviton amplitudes and eliminates the need for Feynman-Witten diagrams. Our calculations were conducted in three boundary dimensions, with a particular emphasis on exploring cosmology and aiding the cosmological bootstrap program. To compute the expression, we utilized the three-dimensional spinor helicity formalism. The final expression was obtained by summing over residues of physical poles, and we present both symbolic and numerical results. Additionally, we discuss the advantages and limitations of this approach, and highlight potential opportunities for future research.
Impact of indirect CP violation on Br(KS → μ+μ−)ℓ=0
Authors: Brod Joachim , Stamou Emmanuel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The decay KS → (μ+μ−)ℓ=0, with the final muon pair in an angular-momentum zero state, is a sensitive probe of short-distance physics. It has recently been shown how to extract this branching ratio from neutral kaon decay data. We point out that the impact of indirect CP violation on the standard-model prediction of this mode, while nominally of order |ϵK| ∼ 10−3, is enhanced by a large amplitude ratio and leads to a shift of the branching ratio Br(KS → μ+μ−)ℓ=0 by a few percent, depending on the size of a relative phase that can be extracted from data. We also update the standard-model prediction of the short-distance contribution.
One-loop matrix element emulation with factorisation awareness
Authors: Maître D. , Truong H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this article we present an emulation strategy for one-loop matrix elements. This strategy is based on the factorisation properties of matrix elements and is an extension of the work presented in [1]. We show that a percent-level accuracy can be achieved even for large multiplicity processes. The point accuracy obtained is such that it dwarfs the statistical accuracy of the training sample which allows us to use our model to augment the size of the training set by orders of magnitude without additional evaluations of expensive one-loop matrix elements.
Overexpression of VIRMA confers vulnerability to breast cancers via the m6A-dependent regulation of unfolded protein response
Authors: Lee Quintin , Song Renhua , Phan Dang Anh Vu , Pinello Natalia , Tieng Jessica , Su Anni , Halstead James M. , Wong Alex C. H. , van Geldermalsen Michelle , Lee Bob S.-L. , Rong Bowen , Cook Kristina M. , Larance Mark , Liu Renjing , Lan Fei , Tiffen Jessamy C. , Wong Justin J.-L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVirilizer-like m6A methyltransferase-associated protein (VIRMA) maintains the stability of the m6A writer complex. Although VIRMA is critical for RNA m6A deposition, the impact of aberrant VIRMA expression in human diseases remains unclear. We show that VIRMA is amplified and overexpressed in 15–20% of breast cancers. Of the two known VIRMA isoforms, the nuclear-enriched full-length but not the cytoplasmic-localised N-terminal VIRMA promotes m6A-dependent breast tumourigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we reveal that VIRMA overexpression upregulates the m6A-modified long non-coding RNA, NEAT1, which contributes to breast cancer cell growth. We also show that VIRMA overexpression enriches m6A on transcripts that regulate the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway but does not promote their translation to activate the UPR under optimal growth conditions. Under stressful conditions that are often present in tumour microenvironments, VIRMA-overexpressing cells display enhanced UPR and increased susceptibility to death. Our study identifies oncogenic VIRMA overexpression as a vulnerability that may be exploited for cancer therapy.
Laws for generalised interior operations in semigroups
Authors: Stokes Tim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMotivated by interior operators and by analogous generalisations of closure operators to semigroups in general, we define left, right and two-sided interior operations on a semigroup S in terms of a distinguished set of idempotents E using the natural order. In the left-sided case, we require that for all $$s\in S$$

s
∈
S

, there is a largest $$e\in E$$

e
∈
E

under the natural order such that $$es=e$$

e
s
=
e

. We generalise them using suitable Green-like relations, and characterise the resulting classes of unary and biunary semigroups as quasivarieties or varieties.
Refinement of the Superomedial Pedicle Technique: A New Approach to Breast Reshaping Following Reduction
Authors: Jasionowska Sara , Murugesan Log , Pasha Terouz , King Ian C. C. , Cavale Naveen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
We present an alteration of the superomedial pedicle technique in breast reduction to control lateral fullness and create a more natural and contoured breast during reshaping. This approach has been adopted by the senior author (NC) in 79 patients over the past 4 years.

Methods
A wise pattern skin incision is used, and the nipple–areola complex (NAC) is maintained on a de-epithelialized superomedial pedicle. Instead of fully releasing the pedicle from the lateral parenchyma for rotation and inset, a bridge of tissue between the pedicle on its most posterior aspect and the lateral pillar is maintained. Key holding sutures are subsequently placed in Scarpa’s fascia for reshaping.

Results
We find that with this refinement, the connection with the lateral pillar pulls the lateral parenchyma medially and superiorly when the pedicle is rotated into its new position, adding a natural curve to the side. The superior medial pedicle is still attached in its postero-lateral aspect to the lateral pillar and theoretically, will provide an even more robust vascular supply to the NAC. In our series, three patients developed minor skin healing issues amenable to treatment with dressings. No one suffered from nipple loss or other serious complications, and no dog ear revisions were required.

Conclusions
We present a simple alteration of the superomedial pedicle technique that we believe results in improved breast contouring. Our experience suggests that this simple adaptation is safe, effective, and reproducible.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Analysis of synoptic weather patterns of heatwave events
Authors: Ventura Sergi , Miró Josep Ramon , Peña Juan Carlos , Villalba Gara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHeatwaves (HWs) are expected to increase both in duration and intensity in the next decades, but little is known about their synoptic and mesoscalar behavior, which is especially important in mid-latitude regions. Most climate research has focused on temperature analysis to characterize HWs. We propose that a combination of temperature and synoptic patterns is a better way to define and understand HWs because including atmospheric circulation patterns provides information about different HW structures that can irregularly affect the territory, and illustrate this approach at the regional and urban scales using the Iberian Peninsula and the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona as case studies. We first select HW events from 1950 to 2020 and apply a multivariate analysis to identify synoptic patterns based on mean sea level pressure, geopotential height at 500 hPa, and maximum daily 2 m temperature. The results indicate that four synoptic patterns reproduce at least 50% of the variance in HWs, namely, “stationary and stable”, “dynamic and advective”, “stationary and advective”, and “dynamic, advective and undulated”. Next, we apply the analysis to the Representative Concentration Pathway future scenarios (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) to determine how these synoptic trends can change in the future. The analysis shows that the four synoptic patterns continue to explain 55 to 60% of the variance in HWs. Future HW events will be characterized by an increase in geopotential height at 500 hPa due to the northward shift of the anticyclonic ridge. This is especially true for RCP8.5, which simulates business as usual incrementing fossil fuel use and additionally shows an increase in atmospheric dynamism in north advections from all directions in comparison with RCP4.5. These findings point to the importance of considering the geopotential height in HW prediction, as well as the direction of advections.
Trends in the prevalence and incidence of ulcerative colitis in Japan and the US
Authors: Yamazaki Michiyo , Chung Hsingwen , Xu Youran , Qiu Hong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To estimate and compare annual prevalence and incidence, and demographic characteristics of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in Japan and the United States (US).

Methods
All patients with UC were identified from large employment-based healthcare claims databases (Japan Medical Data Center [JMDC] in Japan and IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database [CCAE] in the US), from 2010 to 2019. Cases were confirmed using International Classification of Disease-9/10 codes with/without Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes. Annual age-standardized prevalence and incidence rates were estimated for the JMDC by direct standardization using the CCAE as the standard population.

Results
Patients with UC were younger in Japan than in the US and men were affected more than women, whereas the reverse was true in the US. Annual prevalence per 100,000 population increased significantly from 5 in 2010 to 98 in 2019 in Japan and from 158 to 233 in the US. Prevalence increased in men more than in women and in all age groups in Japan, whereas increases were observed similarly in men and women, and in the 6 to < 65-year age groups in the US. Annual incidence per 100,000 person-years increased significantly over time in both sexes and in all age groups in Japan, with higher increases in women and in ≥ 18 year-olds. UC incidence rates did not change over time in the US.

Conclusion
Ten-year trends in epidemiology of UC differ between Japan and the US. The data point to a growing disease burden in both countries that warrants investigation of measures for prevention and treatment.
Challenges in the interdisciplinary treatment of leakages after left-sided colorectal surgery: endoscopic negative pressure therapy, open-pore film drainage therapy and beyond
Authors: Scognamiglio Pasquale , Seeger Anja , Reeh Matthias , Melling Nathaniel , Karstens Karl F , Rösch Thomas , Izbicki Jakob R , Kantowski Marcus , Tachezy Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The treatment of anastomotic leakage after left colorectal surgery remains challenging. Since its introduction, endoscopic negative pressure therapy (ENPT) has proven to be advantageous, reducing the necessity of surgical revision. The aim of our study is to present our experience with endoscopic treatment of colorectal leakages and to identify potential factors influencing treatment outcome.

Methods
Patients who underwent endoscopic treatment of colorectal leakage were retrospectively analyzed. Primary endpoint was the healing rate and success of endoscopic therapy.

Results
We identified 59 patients treated with ENPT between January 2009 and December 2019. The overall closure rate was 83%, whereas only 60% of the patients were successfully treated with ENPT and 23% needed further surgery. The time between diagnosis of leakage and uptake of endoscopic treatment did not influence the closure rate, but patients with chronic fistula (> 4 weeks) showed a significantly higher reoperation rate than those with an acute fistula (94% vs 6%, p = 0.01).

Conclusion
ENPT is a successful treatment option for colorectal leakages, which appears to be more favorable when started early. Further studies are still needed to better describe its healing potential, but it deserves an integral role in the interdisciplinary treatment of anastomotic leakages.
M-wave changes caused by brief voluntary and stimulated isometric contractions
Authors: Rodriguez-Falces Javier , Malanda Armando , Navallas Javier , Place Nicolas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Under isometric conditions, the increase in muscle force is accompanied by a reduction in the fibers’ length. The effects of muscle shortening on the compound muscle action potential (M wave) have so far been investigated only by computer simulation. This study was undertaken to assess experimentally the M-wave changes caused by brief voluntary and stimulated isometric contractions.

Methods
Two different methods of inducing muscle shortening under isometric condition were adopted: (1) applying a brief (1 s) tetanic contraction and (2) performing brief voluntary contractions of different intensities. In both methods, supramaximal stimulation was applied to the brachial plexus and femoral nerves to evoke M waves. In the first method, electrical stimulation (20 Hz) was delivered with the muscle at rest, whereas in the second, stimulation was applied while participants performed 5-s stepwise isometric contractions at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 100% MVC. The amplitude and duration of the first and second M-wave phases were computed.

Results
The main findings were: (1) on application of tetanic stimulation, the amplitude of the M-wave first phase decreased (~ 10%, P < 0.05), that of the second phase increased (~ 50%, P < 0.05), and the M-wave duration decreased (~ 20%, P < 0.05) across the first five M waves of the tetanic train and then plateaued for the subsequent responses; (2) when superimposing a single electrical stimulus on muscle contractions of increasing forces, the amplitude of the M-wave first phase decreased (~ 20%, P < 0.05), that of the second phase increased (~ 30%, P < 0.05), and M-wave duration decreased (~ 30%, P < 0.05) as force was raised from 0 to 60–70% MVC force.

Conclusions
The present results will help to identify the adjustments in the M-wave profile caused by muscle shortening and also contribute to differentiate these adjustments from those caused by muscle fatigue and/or changes in Na+–K+ pump activity.
IgG4-related sclerosing thyroiditis (Riedel-Struma): a review of clinicopathological features and management
Authors: Czarnywojtek Agata , Pietrończyk Krzysztof , Thompson Lester D. R. , Triantafyllou Asterios , Florek Ewa , Sawicka-Gutaj Nadia , Ruchała Marek , Płazinska Maria Teresa , Nixon Iain J. , Shaha Ashok R. , Zafereo Mark , Randolph Gregory William , Angelos Peter , Al Ghuzlan Abir , Agaimy Abbas , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe present a thorough review of the literature on Riedel thyroiditis (RT) with emphasis on aetiology, diagnosis and management, using the PubMed, Sinomed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Although the exact aetiology of RT remains obscure, the histopathological features are consistent with a localized form of IgG4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RSD). Nevertheless, IgG4-RSD as a systemic fibroinflammatory disorder per se rarely affects the thyroid in the context of multiorgan manifestations. The initial diagnosis of RT is based on clinical history and imaging, but confirmation by histopathological examination is mandatory. In contrast to the historical surgical approach, glucocorticosteroid therapy is currently considered first line therapy, in line with the RT currently being viewed as a manifestation of, or analogous to, IgG4-RSD. For disease relapse, immunomodulatory agents (azathioprine, methotrexate, rituximab) can be used.
High consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with increased risk of micronutrient inadequacy in children: The SENDO project
Authors: García-Blanco Lorena , de la O Víctor , Santiago Susana , Pouso Alba , Martínez-González Miguel Ángel , Martín-Calvo Nerea 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to its rising prevalence, which parallels that of ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption, inadequate micronutrient intake in childhood is a public health concern. This study aimed to evaluate the association between UPF consumption and inadequate intake of 20 micronutrients in a sample of children from the Mediterranean area. Cross-sectional information from participants in the “Seguimiento del Niño para un Desarrollo Óptimo” (SENDO) project 2015–2021 was used. Dietary information was gathered with a previously validated 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the NOVA system was used to classify food items. Children were classified by tertiles of energy intake from UPF. Twenty micronutrients were evaluated, and inadequate intake was defined using the estimated average requirement as a cutoff. Crude and multivariable adjusted OR (95% CI) for the inadequacy of ≥ 3 micronutrients associated with UPF consumption were calculated fitting hierarchical models to take into account intra-cluster correlation between siblings. Analyses were adjusted for individual and family confounders. This study included 806 participants (51% boys) with a mean age of 5 years old (SD: 0.90) and an average energy intake from UPF of 37.64% (SD: 9.59). An inverse association between UPF consumption and the intake of 15 out of the 20 micronutrients evaluated was found (p < 0.01). After the adjustment for individual and family confounders, compared with children in the first tertile of UPF consumption, those in the third tertile showed higher odds of inadequate intake of ≥ 3 micronutrients (OR 2.57; 95%CI [1.51–4.40]). Conclusion: High UPF consumption is associated with increased odds of inadequate intake of micronutrients in childhood.What is Known:• Micronutrient deficiency is among the 20 most important risk factors for disease and affect around two billion people worldwide.• UPF are rich in total fat, carbohydrates and added sugar, but poor in vitamins and minerals.What is New:• Compared with children in the 1sttertile of UPF consumption, those in the 3rdtertile had 2.57 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.51-4.40) of inadequate intake of ≥ 3 micronutrients after adjusting for potential confounders.• The adjusted proportions of children with inadequate intake of ≥ 3 micronutrients were 23%, 27% and 35% in the 1st,2nd, and 3rdtertiles of UPF consumption respectively.
Modeling and predicting mean indoor radon concentrations in Austria by generalized additive mixed models
Authors: Alber Oliver , Laubichler Christian , Baumann Sebastian , Gruber Valeria , Kuchling Sabrina , Schleicher Corina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRadon is a noble gas that occurs naturally as a decay product of uranium. Aside from smoking, radon is considered to be one of the major causes of lung cancer. Indoor environments, where radon can accumulate and potentially reach high concentrations, are of a particular concern. A mixed effects additive model along with a data-driven cross validation model selection method is applied to model the mean indoor radon concentration of dwellings in Austria. For this model a prediction approach is introduced, which enables the mapping of indoor radon potential to identify radon areas in Austria. The data used for modeling was collected in monitoring campaigns for private dwellings in Austria from 2013 to 2019. The proposed method allows policy makers to identify regions with high indoor radon concentrations and enables them to meet regulatory requirements or prioritize radon protection measures. The currently published Austrian radon map and the delineation of radon areas in Austria is based on this proposed method.
Effect of Characteristic Impedance in Estimating Specific Energy and Average Fragment Size at High Strain Rates of Some Peridotitic Rock Materials at Laboratory Scale
Authors: Ozoji Toochukwu , Zhang Zong-Xian , Adeyemi Aladejare , Qiao Yang , Chi Li-Yuang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, the application of characteristic impedance in estimating specific energy and average fragment size of rocks was investigated during rock breakage at high strain rates. To achieve this, rock specimen was prepared in accordance with recommendations of the International Society for Rock Mechanics and broken at high strain rates using the split Hopkinson’s pressure bar system. Results reveal that although strain rate is well related to specific energy and average fragment size of broken rocks, the product of characteristic impedance and strain rate is more reliable for estimating the forementioned parameters. In addition, strain rate and dissipated energy generally increase at higher incident energies while the average fragment size of broken rocks reduces at higher strain rates. Based on these findings, more studies on indirect estimation of energy requirement for rock breakage to desired average fragment sizes is recommended from the product of characteristic impedance and strain rate.