bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic cavernous hemangioma developed in non-small cell lung cancer patients after receiving Camrelizumab treatment: two case reports
Authors: Jin Yonglong , Xu Jinpeng , Zhuang Dunmin , Dong Lina , Sun Yang , Zhao Lin , Xiao Wenjing 
Published: August 2023

PurposeTo report two cases of hepatic cavernous hemangioma, a rare complication, in patients with locally advanced and advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with PD-1 inhibitors. Additionally, to share clinical experiences related to the management of this condition.MethodsTwo patients with locally advanced and advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were enrolled in our hospital. Following the NCCN guidelines and expert consensus, both patients received standard treatment with Camrelizumab (PD-1 inhibitor). Subsequent abdominal CT scans revealed hepatic focal lesions that did not exhibit typical characteristics of metastatic tumors. Therefore, further systematic investigation was conducted to study the hepatic focal lesions.Results(1) Ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic cavernous hemangioma. A multidisciplinary consultation concluded that it was an adverse drug reaction to Camrelizumab. (2) Ten-gene testing for both patients did not reveal any driver gene mutations associated with lung cancer. Apart from the occurrence of hepatic cavernous hemangioma, there were no signs of disease progression or worsening. (3) Both patients had resolution of hepatic cavernous hemangioma after switching to alternative PD-1 inhibitors or discontinuing PD-1 inhibitor treatment. One patient experienced hemorrhage related to the hepatic hemangioma, which was managed with hemostasis and symptomatic treatment, resulting in improvement. (4) Clinical outcomes: The first patient achieved a progression-free survival (PFS) of 33 months in first-line treatment and had not reached the PFS endpoint in second-line treatment, with an overall survival exceeding 56 months. The second patient had not reached the PFS endpoint in first-line treatment, with an overall survival exceeding 31 months.ConclusionHepatic cavernous hemangioma is a rare and serious adverse reaction associated with PD-1 inhibitors. Camrelizumab may interact with the PD-1 molecule in a different manner compared to other PD-1 inhibitors, affecting the regulation of the VEGFR/ULBP2 signaling pathway. In future studies, next-generation sequencing may provide detailed molecular pathology information, which could help explain individual differences and provide a basis for the prevention or intervention of hepatic cavernous hemangioma.
An analysis of pharmacy workforce capacity in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almaghaslah Dalia 
Published: August 2023

Background: Previous reports have highlighted the core issues with the intelligence of the national pharmacy workforce reliance on non-native pharmacists, despite the increasing supply of local pharmacy graduates; limited participation of female pharmacists in the workforce; and inadequate proportions of pharmacists in primary healthcare centres, resulting in pharmaceutical services being provided without a pharmacist’s supervision.Methods: The current study used a retrospective cross-sectional design and data was collected from January to May 2023. Data was retrieved from the Health Statistics Yearbook, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021. The data included the total number of pharmacists, the number of Saudi pharmacists, the number of foreign pharmacists, the distribution of the proportions of male and female pharmacists, and the distribution of the workforce by region, sector and nationality. Data was also obtained relating to pharmacy education, including the number of pharmacy colleges, the number of pharmacy students and the number of pharmacy graduates.Results and conclusion: The capacity of the pharmacy workforce, meaning the number of pharmacists per 10,000 population, fluctuated between 2017 and 2021, with the lowest number being in 2020, a mere 7.9 pharmacists per 10,000 population. However, in 2021, the overall density of pharmacists increased to (9.04), which is above the global average (7.36 per 10,000 population). The proportion of women working in the pharmacy profession increased from 12% to 22%, and in community pharmacies from 0.3% to 7.2%, between 2016 and 2021. Another issue that still exists is a lack of proportionate and imbalance in the distribution of the pharmacy workforce across the regions. The renationalisation initiatives increased the overall proportion of Saudi pharmacists to 39% in 2021, compared to 22% in 2016. There is a need for a policy mechanism that will overcome the identified issues.
Exploring the potential of a standardized test in physiotherapy: making emotion, embodiment, and therapeutic alliance count for women with chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Boge-Olsnes Cathrine Maria , Risør Mette Bech , Øberg Gunn Kristin 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere has been an increased use of standardized measurements in health care meant to provide objective information to enhance the quality and effectivity of care. Patient performance tests are based on standardized predefined criteria with a limited focus. When facing multifaceted health conditions, information expanding the predefined criteria in a standardized test may be required to understand the patient’s complex symptoms. Relying on test information based on measurements according to functional biology, one risks missing information communicated by the sensitive and expressive body of the individual patient. The aim of this article is to investigate how body, self and illness perception is constituted as a co-construction between a physiotherapist and a patient with complex symptoms, expanding the use of a standard physiotherapy test.MethodsThis qualitative study is based on video-recordings and in-depth interviews of seven women with the complex health condition chronic pelvic pain. The video recordings consist of the patients performing the Standard Mensendieck test pre- and post-treatment with Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy. The interviews are based on the patients` and the physiotherapists` conversations while watching and elaborating on these video recordings. Empirical data is analyzed within the theoretical perspectives of phenomenology and enactive theory, especially focusing on the concepts of embodiment and intersubjectivity.ResultsTaking an embodied approach, considering the body as expressive, communicative, and vulnerable to the environment and context, the results show that through bodily expressions the patients experienced the test situation as demanding, thus providing information beyond what the test was intended to measure. Additionally, when administering a standardized test, the interaction between the therapist and the patient had an impact on the results. Sensitive attention towards the patients bodily expressive emotions as a vital part of the interaction, reinforced therapeutic alliance by ensuring the integrity and autonomy of the patient.DiscussionMutual communication, gave new insights regarding the patients’ complex symptoms and reinforced their belief in themselves and their recovery processes. Applying the patient’s expertise on herself and her life together with the professional expertise may make health care an interdependent practice where sensemaking is a co-construction of meaning between the patient and the health personnel.
Psychometric validation of concerning behavior scale in Iranian children and young people with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Mohammadi Kourosh , Samavi Abdolvahab , Mehdiabadi Fatemeh Zare , Samavi Seyed AbdolHadi 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAssessment of Concerning Behavior (ACB) was introduced by Tarver et al. (2021) to evaluate mental health and problematic/risky behaviors in children and young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).MethodsThis study examined the psychometric validation of the Assessment of Concerning Behavior (ACB) in an Iranian sample of parents of children and young people with ASD. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine the structure of ACB in a sample of 303 parents.ResultsThe data supported the two factor structure, all factor loadings were significant and scale structure was confirmed similar to the original scale. The results supported the two-factor structure for ACB that included internalizing and externalizing problems scales. The two factors of ACB are positively correlated with Aberrant Behavior Checklist scores which showed that the validity of two factors is satisfactory. The reliability of the two subscales was reasonable as well.Conclusion:The study suggests that the ACB could be an operational tool to assess the mental health and problematic/risky behaviors in Iranian children and young people with ASD.
The interplay of personality traits, anxiety, and depression in Chinese college students: a network analysis
Authors: Yang Tianqi , Guo Zhihua , Zhu Xia , Liu Xufeng , Guo Yaning 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAnxiety and depression are among the greatest contributors to the global burden of diseases. The close associations of personality traits with anxiety and depression have been widely described. However, the common practice of sum scores in previous studies limits the understanding of the fine-grained connections between different personality traits and anxiety and depression symptoms and cannot explore and compare the risk or protective effects of personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the fine-grained connections between different personality traits and anxiety and depression symptoms and identify the detrimental or protective effects of different personality traits on anxiety and depression symptoms.MethodsA total of 536 college students from China were recruited online, and the average age was 19.98 ± 1.11. The Chinese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to investigate the personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression of participants after they understood the purpose and filling method of the survey and signed the informed consent. The demographic characteristics were summarized, and the scale scores were calculated. The network model of personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression was constructed, and bridge expected influence (BEI) was measured to evaluate the effect of personality traits on anxiety and depression. The edge accuracy and BEI stability were estimated, and the BEI difference and the edge weight difference were tested.ResultsIn the network, 29 edges (indicating partial correlations between variables) bridged the personality community and the anxiety and depression community, among which the strongest correlations were extraversion-fatigue, agreeableness-suicidal ideation, conscientiousness-uncontrollable worry, neuroticism-excessive worry, neuroticism-irritability, and openness-feelings of worthlessness. Neuroticism had the highest positive BEI value (0.32), agreeableness had the highest negative BEI value (−0.27), and the BEI values of neuroticism and agreeableness were significantly different from those of most other nodes (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThere are intricate correlations between personality traits and the symptoms of anxiety and depression in college students. Neuroticism was identified as the most crucial risk trait for depression and anxiety symptoms, while agreeableness was the most central protective trait.
Cervical HPV infection in Yueyang, China: a cross-sectional study of 125,604 women from 2019 to 2022
Authors: Hou Jinfeng , Zeng Min , Liu Chongmei , Xie Bochao , Li Yu , Wu Longyun , Zhu Long , Li Manqiu , Zhang Zhihui , Zhang Xiaoyun , Ge Yangqing 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is currently the main cause of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HPV genotypes among women in Yueyang city and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in this city.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 125,604 women who had received treatment from eight hospitals in Yueyang city from September 2019 to September 2022. Analysis of the prevalence of HPV in patients.ResultsThe prevalence of HPV was 20.5% (95%CI: 20.2–20.7%), of which the high-risk type (HR-HPV) accounted for 17.5% (95%CI: 17.3–17.7%) and the low-risk type (LR-HPV) accounted for 5.0% (95%CI: 4.9–5.1%). Among the HR-HPV subtypes, the top five in prevalence, from the highest to the lowest, were HPV52 (5.1%), HPV16(2.7%), HPV58 (2.6%), HPV53 (2.4%), and HPV51 (1.7%). The main LR-HPV infection types were HPV81 (2,676 cases, OR = 2.1%; 95%CI, 2.0–2.1%). Among the infected patients, 19,203 cases (OR = 74.3%; 95%CI, 73.8–74.9%) had a single subtype, 4,673 cases (OR = 18.1%; 95%CI, 17.6–18.6%) had two subtypes, and 1957 cases (OR = 7.6%; 95%CI, 7.3–7.9%) had three or more subtypes. HPV prevalence is highest among women &lt;25 years, 55–64 years and ≥ 65 years of age.ConclusionThe prevalence of HPV in women in Yueyang city was 20.5%, with HR-HPV being dominant. As women aged &lt;25 years, 55–64 years, and ≥ 65 years are at a relatively higher risk, more attention should be paid to them for prevention and control of HPV infections.
Effectiveness of health education interventions to improve malaria knowledge and insecticide-treated nets usage among populations of sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Onyinyechi Opara Monica , Mohd Nazan Ahmad Iqmer Nashriq , Ismail Suriani 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMalaria health education intervention is a community-directed approach that has long been considered important in preventing malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. However, its effectiveness is being questioned due to a lack of strong evidence. We aim to synthesize the evidence of the impact of health education on malaria knowledge and insecticide-treated nets (ITN) usage. Specifically, we analyzed the odds of correctly answering malaria-related questions and the odds of using ITN between the intervention and control groups.MethodsExperimental and observational studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa between 2000 and 2021 which had quantitatively evaluated the impact of health education interventions on malaria knowledge and ITN usage were included in the review.ResultsA total of 11 studies (20,523 participants) were included. Four studies used educational interventions to teach appropriate ITN strategies and promote ITN usage. Two others focused on improving knowledge of malaria transmission, prevention, treatment, and its signs and symptoms. The remaining five studies assessed both ITN use and malaria knowledge. Of these, 10 were eligible for meta-analysis. On average, the odds of a person in the intervention group reporting better malaria knowledge (odds ratio 1.30, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.70, p = 0.05) and higher ITN usage (odds ratio 1.53, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.29, p = 0.004) increased significantly after receiving health education interventions compared to those in the control group. The odds of ITN usage also substantially increased when the interventions were based on a theory or model (odds ratio 5.27, 95% CI: 3.24 to 8.58, p = 0.05).DiscussionOur review highlights sub-Saharan Africa’s various health education strategies to curb malaria over the past two decades. Meta-analysis findings show that health education interventions are moderately effective in improving malaria knowledge and ITN usage and have contributed to the effort of global malaria strategy.
Continuity and changes in grandchild care and the risk of depression for Chinese grandparents: new evidence from CHARLS
Authors: Hong Yue , Xu Wei 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesAlthough studies have researched the mental effects of intergenerational care, little is known about the impact of transformations in caregiving intensity on depression. This study explores grand-parents’ depressive symptom outcomes in terms of changes over time in grandparental childcare, with considerations for subgroup differences.MethodUsing data from the 2015–2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study on grandparents aged 45 and older, we adopted generalized estimating equations to estimate the effects of seven category changes [(1) continued to provide high-intensity or (2) low-intensity care at both waves; (3) never provided care; (4) started caregiving; (5) ended caregiving; (6) provided less intensive care; and (7) provided more intensive care] over time in grandparental childcare on depressive symptoms among 17,701 grandparents with at least one grandchild, as well as how the impact varies by gender and urban/rural areas.ResultsGrandparents who decreased the intensity of care, stopped childcare, or offered continuous low-intensity care were associated with a lower level of depression compared with those providing no childcare. In addition, the benefit of continuous caregiving on mental health was especially noticeable in urban grandmothers.ConclusionProviding continuous low-intensity, decreased-intensity grandparenting and the cessation of caregiving were associated with a decreased level of depression for Chinese grandparents; however, there were complex interactions at play. Policies aimed at supporting grandparenting should consider caregiving intensity transitions relevant to gender and urban/rural residence.
Investigation of premenstrual syndrome in connection with physical activity, perceived stress level, and mental status—a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dózsa-Juhász Olívia , Makai Alexandra , Prémusz Viktória , Ács Pongrác , Hock Márta 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a critical factor in women’s health, which, in addition to physical inactivity, can be influenced by the body mass index (BMI), stress, and mental state, among others. The study aimed to assess the severity of PMS symptoms among young women regarding physical inactivity, BMI, mental state, and perceived stress level.MethodsA total of 198 female participants between the ages of 18–45 took part in a 6-month cross-sectional online questionnaire study. The average age of the participants was 25.37 ± 4.80 years. To assess physical activity, stress, mental state, and premenstrual symptoms, we employed standard questionnaires, including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and the Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form (PAF-SF). The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 28.0 software, with a significance level set at p &lt; 0.05.ResultsDuring the analysis, we observed a significant relationship (p = 0.020) between regular exercise and the severity of PMS symptoms, as well as between mental state and PMS symptoms (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, our findings revealed a significant negative correlation between regular physical activity and perceived stress levels (r = −0.179; p = 0.012), as well as between regular exercise and the participants’ mental state (r = −0.157; p = 0.027). Additionally, we identified a significant difference (p &lt; 0.001) among the six subgroups formed based on the PAF-SF and average PSS questionnaire results. Moreover, a significant difference was observed between the PAF-SF case and control groups in terms of BMI averages (p = 0.019).DiscussionThe research findings indicate that the severity of PMS symptoms is influenced by regular physical activity, mental state, and stress.
Layer-specific strain in patients with cardiac amyloidosis using tissue tracking MR
Authors: Li Zheng , Yan Cheng , Hu Guo-Xiang , Zhao Rui , Jin Hang , Yun Hong , Wei Zheng , Pan Cui-Zhen , Shu Xian-Hong , Zeng Meng-Su 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundCardiac infiltration is the major predictor of poor prognosis in patients with systemic amyloidosis, thus it becomes of great importance to evaluate cardiac involvement.PurposeWe aimed to evaluate left ventricular myocardial deformation alteration in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA) using layer-specific tissue tracking MR.Material and MethodsThirty-nine patients with CA were enrolled. Thirty-nine normal controls were also recruited. Layer-specific tissue tracking analysis was done based on cine MR images.ResultsCompared with the control group, a significant reduction in LV whole layer strain values (GLS, GCS, and GRS) and layer-specific strain values was found in patients with CA (all P &lt; 0.01). In addition, GRS and GLS, as well as subendocardial and subepicardial GLS, GRS, and GCS, were all diminished in patients with CA and reduced LVEF, when compared to those with preserved or mid-range LVEF (all P &lt; 0.05). GCS showed the largest AUC (0.9952, P = 0.0001) with a sensitivity of 93.1% and specificity of 90% to predict reduced LVEF (&lt;40%). Moreover, GCS was the only independent predictor of LV systolic dysfunction (Odds Ratio: 3.30, 95% CI:1.341–8.12, and P = 0.009).ConclusionLayer-specific tissue tracking MR could be a useful method to assess left ventricular myocardial deformation in patients with CA.
Smallholder farmers’ adoption and perception of communally established cattle feedlots for climate change resilience in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Slayi Mhlangabezi , Zhou Leocadia , Jaja Ishmael Festus 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the willingness and awareness of cattle farmers in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, to participate in communally established feedlots as a climate change adaptation strategy. The research sought to understand the factors that influenced farmers’ willingness to engage in feedlots and their level of awareness regarding the associated benefits and challenges.MethodsData was collected through surveys and interviews with 250 cattle farmers in rural communities, and the findings were analyzed.ResultsThe results revealed that a significant proportion of cattle farmers expressed willingness to participate in communally owned feedlots as a climate change adaptation strategy. Several factors were identified as influencing farmers’ willingness, including age, education level, knowledge level, and awareness level. Younger farmers with higher education levels, greater knowledge about feedlot participation, and higher awareness levels regarding the benefits and challenges were more likely to demonstrate willingness to engage in feedlots.DiscussionThese findings emphasize the importance of targeted interventions, such as education and awareness programs, to enhance farmers’ willingness and participation in feedlot initiatives. The study also shed light on the key benefits and challenges associated with feedlot participation. The benefits included increased livestock productivity, improved climate resilience, efficient utilization of resources, enhanced market access and profitability, and improved management practices. However, challenges such as initial investment costs, technical knowledge requirements, and potential environmental impacts were also identified. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the willingness and awareness of cattle farmers regarding communally owned feedlots as a climate change adaptation strategy.