bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Behaviors of Oscillating Metallosurfactant Coacervate Microdroplets under Redox Stress
Authors: Yan Yue , Mu Wenjing , Li He , Song Chuwen , Qiao Yan , Lin Yiyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLiving systems create complex structures and functions by mastering self‐organization in a variety of equilibrium and non‐equilibrium states. Mimicking the dynamical phenomena with synthetic cell‐like entities (protocells) under non‐equilibrium conditions offers an important step toward the representation of minimum life. Here, the cell‐sized coacervate microdroplets assembled from associative metallosurfactant coacervation via liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) that exhibits non‐equilibrium behaviors are reported. The compartmentalized protocell coacervates display collective dynamics that synchronize into system oscillations, showing autonomous death/regeneration and contraction/expansion cycles with external redox stress. The collective oscillation of abiotic metallosurfactant microdroplets can sustain both in solution and at the colloidal interface, allowing for dynamic sequestration, mass transport, and passing through nanosized channels, reminiscent of red blood cells that can deform and squeeze through narrow capillaries. The design of self‐oscillating cell‐sized constructs will shed a light on the creation of life‐like soft materials with autonomous motion driven by complex chemical stimuli, which can be further used as nonbiological models for dynamic aggregates and intercellular communication.
Diradicaloid Strategy for High‐Efficiency Photothermal Conversion and High‐Sensitivity Detection of Near Infrared Light
Authors: Li Huaqing , Zou Xiaolan , Chen Hanjiao , Lian Wenru , Jia Hanyu , Yan Xinhao , Hu Xiaoguang , Liu Xuying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOrganic molecules are promising near infrared (NIR) photothermal materials because of their structural flexibility and fine‐tuned properties. However, weak NIR absorption and strong fluorescence character lead to low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, NIR quinoidal diradicaloids are designed and synthesized by a heteroaromatic‐bridged Blatter radical strategy. Benefiting from the relatively planar framework and diradical character, these singlet diradicaloids exhibit strong and broad absorption in the NIR region (750–1100 nm) in both solution and aggregate states, which do not show any fluorescence. High PCE up to 71.4% is evaluated under 808 nm laser. On this basis, a NIR detector employing a blend of the diradicaloids and conductive ionic liquid is fabricated, yielding a remarkably high thermal response of 1100% at 0.5 W cm−2. This work reveals that π‐conjugated diradicaloids are promising candidates for NIR detection.
Elevated Nuclear PHGDH Synergistically Functions with cMyc to Reshape the Immune Microenvironment of Liver Cancer
Authors: Zhu Hongwen , Yu Hua , Zhou Hu , Zhu Wencheng , Wang Xiongjun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, we observed that nuclear localization of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is associated with poor prognosis in liver cancer, and Phgdh is required for liver cancer progression in a mouse model. Unexpectedly, impairment of Phgdh enzyme activity exerts a slight effect in a liver cancer model. In liver cancer cells, the aspartate kinase‐chorismate mutase‐tyrA prephenate dehydrogenase (ACT) domain of PHGDH binds nuclear cMyc to form a transactivation axis, PHGDH/p300/cMyc/AF9, which drives chemokine CXCL1 and IL8 gene expression. Then, CXCL1 and IL8 promote neutrophil recruitment and enhance tumor‐associated macrophage (TAM) filtration in the liver, thereby advancing liver cancer. Forced cytosolic localization of PHGDH or destruction of the PHGDH/cMyc interaction abolishes the oncogenic function of nuclear PHGDH. Depletion of neutrophils by neutralizing antibodies greatly hampers TAM filtration. These findings reveal a nonmetabolic role of PHGDH with altered cellular localization and suggest a promising drug target for liver cancer therapy by targeting the nonmetabolic region of PHGDH.
Dual Functioned Hexapeptide‐Coated Lipid‐Core Nanomicelles Suppress Toll‐Like Receptor‐Mediated Inflammatory Responses through Endotoxin Scavenging and Endosomal pH Modulation
Authors: Ji Yuting , Sun Liya , Liu Yuan , Li Yanhui , Li Tongxuan , Gong Jiameng , Liu Xiali , Ma Huiqiang , Wang Jingying , Chen Bing , Fung Shan‐Yu , Yang Hong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExcessive activation of Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways and the circulating endotoxin are key players in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Regulation of TLR‐mediated inflammatory responses by bioactive nanodevices represents a promising strategy for treating these diseases. In searching for novel, clinically applicable nanodevices with potent TLR inhibitory activities, three types of hexapeptide‐modified nano‐hybrids with different cores of phospholipid nanomicelles, liposomes, and poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) nanoparticles are constructed. Interestingly, only the peptide‐modified lipid–core nanomicelles (M‐P12) display potent TLR inhibitory activities. Further mechanistic studies disclose that lipid–core nanomicelles have a generic property to bind to and scavenge lipophilic TLR ligands including lipopolysaccharide to block the ligand–receptor interaction and down‐regulate the TLR signaling extracellularly. In addition, the peptide modification enables M‐P12 a unique capability to modulate endosomal acidification upon being endocytosed into macrophages, which subsequently regulates the endosomal TLR signal transduction. In an acute lung injury mouse model, intratracheal administration of M‐P12 can effectively target lung macrophages and reduce lung inflammation and injuries. This work defines a dual mechanism of action of the peptide‐modified lipid–core nanomicelles in regulating TLR signaling, and provides new strategies for the development of therapeutic nanodevices for treating inflammatory diseases.
Field‐Induced Ferroelectric Phase Evolution During Polarization “Wake‐Up” in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Thin Film Capacitors
Authors: Saini Balreen , Huang Fei , Choi Yoon‐Young , Yu Zhouchangwan , Thampy Vivek , Baniecki John D. , Tsai Wilman , McIntyre Paul C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs an emerging nonvolatile memory technology, HfO2‐based ferroelectrics exhibit excellent compatibility with silicon CMOS process flows; however, the reliability of polarization switching in these materials remains a major challenge. During repeated field programming and erase of the polarization state of initially pristine HfO2‐based ferroelectric capacitors, the magnitude of the measured polarization increases, a phenomenon known as “wake‐up”. In this study, the authors attempt to understand what causes the wake‐up effect in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) capacitors using nondestructive methods that probe statistically significant sample volumes. Synchrotron X‐ray diffraction reveals a concerted shift in HZO Bragg peak position as a function of polarization switching cycle number in films prepared under conditions such that they exhibit extremely large (≈3000%) wake‐up. In contrast, a control sample with insignificant wake‐up shows no such peak shift. Capacitance – voltage measurements show evolution in the capacitance loop with switching cycle number for the wake‐up sample and no change for the control sample. Piezoresponse force microscopy measurements are utilized to visualize the domain switching with wake‐up. The combination of these observations clearly demonstrates that wake‐up is caused by a field‐driven phase transformation of the tetragonal phase to the metastable ferroelectric orthorhombic phase during polarization switching of HZO capacitors.
Long‐term effectiveness of enzyme replacement therapy in Fabry disease with the p.Arg227Ter variant: Fabry disease in Ostrobothnia (FAST) study
Authors: Pietilä‐Effati Päivi , Saarinen Jukka T. , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Saarenhovi Maria , Autio Reijo , Kantola Ilkka 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFabry disease (FD) is an X chromosome‐linked, life‐threatening lysosomal disease caused by one of more than 1000 currently known variants in the α‐galactosidase A (GLA) gene. The follow‐up part of the Fabry Disease in Ostrobothnia (FAST) study reports the long‐term effect of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) on a prospectively collected cohort of 12 patients, 4 males and 8 females, mean age 46 years (SD 16), with the classical variant c.679C > T p.Arg227Ter, which is one of the most common FD variants worldwide. In the natural history period of the FAST study, half of the patients in both sexes had at least one major event, of which 80% were of cardiac origin. During 5 years of ERT, four patients had a total of six major clinical events consisting of one silent ischemic stroke, three ventricular tachycardias and two increased left ventricular mass indexes. In addition, four patients developed minor cardiac events, four patients minor renal events, and one patient a minor neurological event. ERTs may delay but not prevent the progression of the disease in most patients with the variant Arg227Ter. This variant might be suitable for investigating the efficacy of second‐generation ERTs compared to the currently used ERTs regardless of sex.
Host‐related and environmental factors influence long‐term ectoparasite infestation dynamics of mouse lemurs in northwestern Madagascar
Authors: Marquès Gomila Caterina , Kiene Frederik , Klein Annette , Kessler Sharon E. , Zohdy Sarah , Rakotondravony Romule , Durden Lance A. , Radespiel Ute 
Published: April 2023

AbstractParasite infestations depend on multiple host‐related and environmental factors. In the case of ectoparasites, which are exposed to the environment beyond the host, an impact of climate, expressed by seasonal or yearly variations, can be expected. However, long‐term dynamics of ectoparasite infestations are rarely studied in nonhuman primates. We investigated the yearly variations in ectoparasite infestations of two small primates, the gray (Microcebus murinus) and the golden‐brown (Microcebus ravelobensis) mouse lemur. For a more comprehensive evaluation, we also analyzed the potential effects of yearly and monthly climatic variation (temperature, rainfall) in addition to habitat, host sex, age, species, and body mass, on ectoparasite infestation. Individuals of both host species were sampled in two study sites within the Ankarafantsika National Park in northwestern Madagascar during several months (March–November) and across 4 years (2010, 2011, 2015, 2016). Our results show significant monthly and yearly variations in the infestation rates of three native ectoparasite taxa (Haemaphysalis spp. ticks, Schoutedenichia microcebi chigger mites, Lemurpediculus spp. sucking lice) and in ectoparasite species richness in both mouse lemur species. In addition, significant impacts of several host‐related (species, sex, body mass) and environmental factors (habitat, temperature, rainfall) were found, but with differences in relevance for the different parasite taxa and partly deviating in their direction. Although some differences could be attributed to either permanent or temporary presence of the parasites on the host or to ecological differences between the host species, the lack of specific knowledge regarding the life cycle and microhabitat requirements of each parasite taxon precludes a complete understanding of the factors that determine their infestation dynamics. This study demonstrates the presence of yearly and monthly dynamics in lemur–parasite interactions in tropical, seasonal, dry deciduous forests in Madagascar, which call out for broad ecological long‐term studies focusing both on primate hosts and their parasites.
Plasma ATN(I) classification and precision pharmacology in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Imbimbo Bruno P. , Watling Mark , Imbimbo Camillo , Nisticò Robert 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvaluating potential therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) depends on use of biomarkers for appropriate subject selection and monitoring disease progression. Biomarkers that predict onset of clinical symptoms are particularly important for AD because they enable intervention before irreversible neurodegeneration occurs. The amyloid‐β‐tau‐neurodegeneration (ATN) classification system is currently used as a biological staging model for AD and is based on three classes of biomarkers evaluating amyloid‐β (Aβ), tau pathology and neurodegeneration or neuronal injury. Promising blood‐based biomarkers for each of these categories have been identified (Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, phosphorylated tau, neurofilament light chain), and this matrix is now being expanded toward an ATN(I) system, where “I” represents a neuroinflammatory biomarker. The plasma ATN(I) system, together with APOE genotyping, offers a basis for individualized evaluation and a move away from the classic “one size fits all” approach toward a biomarker‐driven individualisation of therapy for patients with AD.
Can volumetric analysis of the brain help diagnose isolated optic neuritis?
Authors: Sayin Sakul A. A. , Pence K. B. , Ormeci T. , Gunal M. Y. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIsolated optic neuritis is a single episode inflammatory optic neuropathy. This condition, which affects the optimal function of the optic nerve, is not associated with neurological or systemic diseases. Our study aimed to compare patients with isolated optic neuritis and normal healthy individuals in terms of the cerebrum, cerebellum and hippocampus volumes by using the “volBrain Online MRI Brain Volumetry System” program. Persons diagnosed with isolated optic neuritis (n = 16) and persons without any disease (n = 16) were included in the study. VolBrain was used to process the MRI data and, the findings were compared with Mann–Whitney U test. Values with a p‐value <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The cerebrum white matter volumes in the total brain and in the right–left hemispheres of the brain were statistically significantly lower in the optic neuritis group (p = 0.029; p = 0.050; p = 0.029, respectively). In the segmental cerebellum analysis, the left side lobule VIIIB, the total and right–left side lobule IX volumes were statistically significantly higher (p = 0.022; p = 0.014; p = 0.029; p = 0.018, respectively). In total, lobule I‐II volume was statistically significantly lower in the optic neuritis group (p = 0.046). In the segmental hippocampus analysis, the right side CA2‐CA3, the total and right–left side SR‐SL‐SM volumes were statistically significantly lower in the optic neuritis group (p = 0.039; p = 0.050; p = 0.016, respectively). There are neurodegenerative changes in brain volume in patients with isolated optic neuritis. Although volBrain alone is not sufficient to diagnose isolated optic neuritis, it provides quantitative data that can be used as a complementary diagnostic method.
LY6K depletion modulates TGF‐β and EGF signaling
Authors: Park Sujeong , Park Doyeon , Han Sora , Chung Ga Eun , Soh Sujung , Ka Hye In , Joo Hyun Jeong , Yang Young 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K (LY6K), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored protein, plays a dynamic role in cancer metastasis. In the current study, we deciphered the effects of LY6K on transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling through clathrin‐ and caveolin‐1 (CAV‐1)‐mediated endocytosis.MethodsAnalysis of the TCGA and GTEx dataset were performed to explore the expression and survival of LY6K in cancer patients. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knockdown the expression of LY6K in human cervical cancer patients. The effect of lack of LY6K on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was performed, and RT‐qPCR and immunoblotting were performed to identify LY6K‐affected TGF‐β and EGF signaling pathways. Additionally, Immunofluorescence (IF) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were performed to identify the role of LY6K in CAV‐1‐ and Clathrin‐mediated endocytosis.ResultsLymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K expression level is elevated in higher grade cervical cancer patients correlating with poor overall survival, progression‐free survival, and disease‐free survival. LY6K‐depletion in HeLa and SiHa cancer cells suppressed EGF‐induced proliferation and TGF‐β‐enhanced migration and invasion. Both TGF‐β receptor‐I (TβRI) and EGF receptor (EGFR) localized at the plasma membrane regardless of LY6K expression, and LY6K bound TβRI irrespective of the presence of TGF‐β; however, LY6K did not bind EGFR. LY6K‐depleted cells showed impaired Smad2 phosphorylation upon TGF‐β treatment and lower proliferation rates following long‐term treatment with EGF. We revealed the atypical movement of TβRI and EGFR from plasma membrane upon ligand stimulation in LY6K‐depleted cells and an impaired movement of the endocytic proteins clathrin and CAV‐1.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the key role of LY6K in both clathrin‐ and CAV‐1‐mediated endocytic pathways regulated by TGF‐β and EGF, and it suggests a correlation between LY6K overexpression in cervical cancer cells and poor overall survival.
Added diagnostic value of routinely measured hematology variables in diagnosing immune checkpoint inhibitor mediated toxicity in the emergency department
Authors: Niemantsverdriet Michael S. A. , Vrijsen Bram E. L. , Visser ’t Hooft Therese , Suijkerbuijk Karijn P. M. , van Solinge Wouter W. , ten Berg Maarten J. , Haitjema Saskia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) show remarkable results in cancer treatment, but at the cost of immune‐related adverse events (irAE). irAE can be difficult to differentiate from infections or tumor progression, thereby challenging treatment, especially in the emergency department (ED) where time and clinical information are limited. As infections are traceable in blood, we were interested in the added diagnostic value of routinely measured hematological blood cell characteristics in addition to standard diagnostic practice in the ED to aid irAE assessment.MethodsHematological variables routinely measured with our hematological analyzer (Abbott CELL‐DYN Sapphire) were retrieved from Utrecht Patient Oriented Database (UPOD) for all patients treated with ICI who visited the ED between 2013 and 2020. To assess the added diagnostic value, we developed and compared two models; a base logistic regression model trained on the preliminary diagnosis at the ED, sex, and gender, and an extended model trained with lasso that also assessed the hematology variables.ResultsA total of 413 ED visits were used in this analysis. The extended model showed an improvement in performance (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve) over the base model, 0.79 (95% CI 0.75–0.84), and 0.67 (95% CI 0.60–0.73), respectively. Two standard blood count variables (eosinophil granulocyte count and red blood cell count) and two advanced variables (coefficient of variance of neutrophil depolarization and red blood cell distribution width) were associated with irAE.ConclusionHematological variables are a valuable and inexpensive aid for irAE diagnosis in the ED. Further exploration of the predictive hematological variables could yield new insights into the pathophysiology underlying irAE and in distinguishing irAE from other inflammatory conditions.
Overview of Fouling – An Industrial Jeopardy
Authors: Unnikrishnan Anish , Mulky Lavanya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA brief insight into fouling and its various types, which impose a hurdle on the performance of an apparatus and ultimately a negative impact on the environment as a whole due to the excess unwanted deposits, is given. Within the various types mentioned, specific cases of fouling occurrences in each are also highlighted. The mechanism associated with the specific cases as well as the difficulties arising are mentioned as interpreted from previous literature and experiments. There are cases where more than one type of fouling is found to be simultaneously occurring, which is referred to as composite fouling. Numerous parameters control this phenomenon, along with some exceptions associated with the same. Few membranes or plates or their physical aspects prove to be quite effective in withstanding or overcoming a specific type of fouling. Mitigation of fouling demands proper monitoring and control of the chemical processes to ensure lesser damage to the equipments. Industrial fouling in general and specific scenarios of fouling are overviewed and discussed.
Bioaccessibility of ferulic acid in hulless barley varieties at stages of simulated in vitro digestion
Authors: Drawbridge Pamela C. , Apea‐Bah Franklin , Beta Trust 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFerulic acid has antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. Ferulic acid in barley is present in esterified form in the bran layer, however, only the free form is bioaccessible in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The objectives of this study were to investigate the bioaccessibility of ferulic acid at four stages of simulated gastrointestinal digestion of two barley varieties to determine when ferulic acid is released and investigate factors which may affect the release of ferulic acid including digestive enzymes and pH.FindingsThe release of ferulic acid was strongly influenced by digestive enzymes and minimally by pH. The presence of enzymes reduced free ferulic acid but increased the amount of esterified ferulic acid. The major release of esterified ferulic acid occurred during the final hour of small intestinal digestion. The amount of bioaccessible ferulic acid remained constant throughout digestion. The bran thickness, measured by microCT imaging, significantly differed between the varieties.ConclusionDuring digestion, ferulic acid changed structurally, as observed by the changes in the amount of free and esterified ferulic acid at four digestion timepoints. The release of ferulic acid was strongly influenced by exposure to digestive enzymes and minimally by pH, although the mechanism of the presence of enzymes on ferulic acid release is unclear. The bioaccessibility of ferulic acid may be determined by the bran layer thickness and further investigation is required.Significance and NoveltyThis is the first study to investigate the bioaccessibility of ferulic acid in barley at various stages of digestion and to measure the bran thickness of barley using microCT imaging with preliminary findings indicating enhanced ferulic acid bioaccessibility in grains with a thinner bran layer.