bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID exacerbated the gender disparity in physician electronic health record inbox burden
Authors: Rotenstein Lisa , Jay Holmgren A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with significant changes to the delivery of ambulatory care, including a dramatic increase in patient messages to physicians. While asynchronous messaging is a valuable communication modality for patients, a greater volume of patient messages is associated with burnout and decreased well-being for physicians. Given that women physicians experienced greater electronic health record (EHR) burden and received more patient messages pre-pandemic, there is concern that COVID may have exacerbated this disparity. Using EHR audit log data of ambulatory physicians at an academic medical center, we used a difference-in-differences framework to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on patient message volume and compare differences between men and women physicians. We found patient message volume increased post-COVID for all physicians, and women physicians saw an additional increase compared to men. Our results contribute to the growing evidence of different communication expectations for women physicians that contribute to the gender disparity in EHR burden.
Usability and acceptability of virtual reality for chronic pain management among diverse patients in a safety-net setting: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Dy Marika , Olazo Kristan , Lyles Courtney R , Lisker Sarah , Weinberg Jessica , Lee Christine , Tarver Michelle E , Saha Anindita , Kontson Kimberly , Araojo Richardae , Brown Ellenor , Sarkar Urmimala 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand the usability and acceptability of virtual reality (VR) among a racially and ethnically diverse group of patients who experience chronic pain.

Materials and Methods
Using the Technology Acceptance Model theory, we conducted semistructured interviews and direct observation of VR use with English-speaking patients who experience chronic pain treated in a public healthcare system (n = 15), using a commercially available VR technology platform. Interviews included questions about current pain management strategies, technology use, experiences and opinions with VR, and motivators for future use.

Results
Before the study, none of the 15 participants had heard about or used VR for pain management. Common motivators for VR use included a previous history of substance use and having exhausted many other options to manage their pain and curiosity. Most participants had a positive experience with VR and 47% found that the VR modules distracted them from their pain. When attempting the navigation-based usability tasks, most participants (73%–92%) were able to complete them independently.

Discussion
VR is a usable tool for diverse patients with chronic pain. Our findings suggest that the usability of VR is not a barrier and perhaps a focus on improving the accessibility of VR in safety-net settings is needed to reduce disparities in health technology use.

Conclusions
The usability and acceptability of VR are rarely studied in diverse patient populations. We found that participants had a positive experience using VR, showed interest in future use, and would recommend VR to family and friends.
Berth allocation and scheduling at marine container terminals: A state-of-the-art review of solution approaches and relevant scheduling attributes
Authors: Li Bokang , Elmi Zeinab , Manske Ashley , Jacobs Edwina , Lau Yui-yip , Chen Qiong , Dulebenets Maxim A 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMarine container terminals play a significant role for international trade networks and global market. To cope with the rapid and steady growth of the seaborne trade market, marine container terminal operators must address the operational challenges with appropriate analytical methods to meet the needs of the market. The berth allocation and scheduling problem is one of the important decisions faced by operators during operations planning. The optimization of a berth schedule is strongly associated with the allocation of spatial and temporal resources. An optimal and robust berth schedule remarkably improves the productivity and competitiveness of a seaport. A significant number of berth allocation and scheduling studies have been conducted over the last years. Thus, there is an existing need for a comprehensive and critical literature survey to analyze the state-of-the-art research progress, developing tendencies, current shortcomings, and potential future research directions. Therefore, this study thoroughly selected scientific manuscripts dedicated to the berth allocation and scheduling problem. The identified studies were categorized based on spatial attributes, including discrete, continuous, and hybrid berth allocation and scheduling problems. A detailed review was performed for the identified study categories. A representative mathematical formulation for each category was presented along with a detailed summary of various considerations and characteristics of every study. A specific emphasis was given to the solution methods adopted. The current research shortcomings and important research needs were outlined based on the review of the state-of-the-art. This study was conducted with the expectation of assisting the scientific community and relevant stakeholders with berth allocation and scheduling.
Numerical investigation of particles flow pattern and pressure distribution of coal bunker
Authors: Zhu Defu , Ji Xingwang , Huo Yuming , Wang Zhonglun , Yu Biaobiao , Wang Deyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The stable loading and operation of a coal bunker is critical for efficient production. In this study, the coal particle contact parameters were calibrated based on the angle of repose characteristics. The loading and discharging process of the coal bunker was simulated using the EDEM program. In addition, the flow pattern of the coal particles and the distribution characteristics of the wall pressure were investigated. The results indicate that the coal particles in the bunker can be divided into two flow patterns: mass flow and funnel flow. During discharging, the wall pressure fluctuated and exhibited a local over-pressure phenomenon, with a maximum pressure coefficient of 1.75. Finally, this study provides a reasonable explanation for the transformation of the flow pattern of coal particles and the distribution characteristics of wall pressure based on the mechanism of pressure arch influence. The findings of this study can provide theoretical guidance for designing coal bunker structures.
Human neutrophil Fc gamma receptors: different buttons for different responses
Authors: Alemán Omar Rafael , Rosales Carlos 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Neutrophils are fundamental cells in host defense. These leukocytes are quickly recruited from the blood to sites of infection or tissue damage. At these sites, neutrophils initiate several innate immune responses, including phagocytosis, production of reactive oxygen species, degranulation to release proteases and other antimicrobial compounds, production of inflammatory mediators, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. In addition to their role in innate immunity, neutrophils are now recognized as cells that also regulate adaptive immunity, via interaction with dendritic cells and lymphocytes. Neutrophils also respond to adaptive immunity by interacting with antibody molecules. Indeed, antibody molecules allow neutrophils to have antigen-specific responses. Neutrophils express different receptors for antibodies. The receptors for immunoglobulin G molecules are known as Fcγ receptors. Upon Fcγ receptor aggregation on the cell membrane, these receptors trigger distinct signal transduction cascades that activate particular cellular responses. In this review, we describe the major Fcγ receptors expressed on human neutrophils and discuss how each Fcγ receptor activates a choice of signaling pathways to stimulate particular neutrophil responses.
A Comparison of Solidification Structures and Submicroscale Cellular Segregation in Rapidly Solidified Stainless Steels Produced via Two-Piston Splat Quenching and Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Hasenbusch Zachary Arthur , Deal Andrew , Brown Ben , Wilson Davis , Nastac Laurentiu , Brewer Luke N 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Fusion-based additive manufacturing techniques leverage rapid solidification (RS) conditions to create parts with complex geometries, unique microscale/nanoscale morphological features, and elemental segregation. Three custom composition stainless steel alloys with varying chromium equivalence to nickel equivalence ratio (Creq/Nieq) between 1.53 and 1.95 were processed using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and/or two-piston splat quenching (SQ) to produce solidification rates estimated between 0.4 and 0.8 m/s. Both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to collect high-resolution images, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) phase identification, and measure cellular segregation. Similar features were observed in both LPBF and SQ samples including phase and microstructure, nanoscale oxide particles, cell size, and segregation behavior. However, dislocation pileup was observed along the cell boundaries only in the LPBF austenite solidified microstructure. Targeted adjustment of the SQ feedstock Cr and Ni concentrations, within the ASTM A240 specification for 316L resulted in no observable impact on the cell size, oxide particle size, or magnitude of segregation. Also, the amount of Ni segregation in the ferrite solidified microstructures did not significantly differ, regardless of Cr/Nieq or processing technique. SQ is demonstrated as capable of simulating RS rates and microstructures similar to LPBF for use as an alternative screening tool for new RS alloy compositions.
Resolution of Virtual Depth Sectioning from Four-Dimensional Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Terzoudis-Lumsden E W C , Petersen T C , Brown H G , Pelz P M , Ophus C , Findlay S D 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOne approach to three-dimensional structure determination using the wealth of scattering data in four-dimensional (4D) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is the parallax method proposed by Ophus et al. (2019. Advanced phase reconstruction methods enabled by 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy, Microsc Microanal25, 10–11), which determines the scattering matrix and uses it to synthesize a virtual depth-sectioning reconstruction of the sample structure. Drawing on an equivalence with a hypothetical confocal imaging mode, we derive contrast transfer and point spread functions for this parallax method applied to weakly scattering objects, showing them identical to earlier depth-sectioning STEM modes when only bright field signal is used, but that improved depth resolution is possible if dark field signal can be used. Through a simulation-based study of doped Si, we show that this depth resolution is preserved for thicker samples, explore the impact of shot noise on the parallax reconstructions, discuss challenges to making use of dark field signal, and identify cases where the interpretation of the parallax reconstruction breaks down.
Cosmological covariance of fast radio burst dispersions
Authors: Reischke Robert , Hagstotz Steffen 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The dispersion of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is a measure of the large-scale electron distribution. It enables measurements of cosmological parameters, especially of the expansion rate and the cosmic baryon fraction. The number of events is expected to increase dramatically over the coming years, and of particular interest are bursts with identified host galaxy and therefore redshift information. In this paper, we explore the covariance matrix of the dispersion measure (DM) of FRBs induced by the large-scale structure, as bursts from a similar direction on the sky are correlated by long-wavelength modes of the electron distribution. We derive analytical expressions for the covariance matrix and examine the impact on parameter estimation from the FRB DM–redshift relation. The covariance also contains additional information that is missed by analysing the events individually. For future samples containing over ∼300 FRBs with host identification over the full sky, the covariance needs to be taken into account for unbiased inference, and the effect increases dramatically for smaller patches of the sky. Also, forecasts must consider these effects as they would yield too optimistic parameter constraints. Our procedure can also be applied to the DM of the afterglow of gamma-ray bursts.
KURVS: the outer rotation curve shapes and dark matter fractions of z ∼ 1.5 star-forming galaxies
Authors: Puglisi Annagrazia , Dudzevičiūtė Ugnė , Swinbank Mark , Gillman Steven , Tiley Alfred L , Bower Richard G , Cirasuolo Michele , Cortese Luca , Glazebrook Karl , Harrison Chris , Ibar Edo , Molina Juan , Obreschkow Danail , Oman Kyle A , Schaller Matthieu , Shankar Francesco , Sharples Ray M 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present first results from the KMOS Ultra-deep Rotation Velocity Survey (KURVS), aimed at studying the outer rotation curves shape and dark matter content of 22 star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 1.5. These galaxies represent ‘typical’ star-forming discs at z ∼ 1.5, being located within the star-forming main sequence and stellar mass-size relation with stellar masses 9.5 ≤ log(M⋆/M⊙) ≤ 11.5. We use the spatially resolved H α emission to extract individual rotation curves out to 4 times the effective radius, on average, or ∼10–15 kpc. Most rotation curves are flat or rising between three and six disc scale radii. Only three objects with dispersion-dominated dynamics (vrot/σ0 ∼ 0.2) have declining outer rotation curves at more than 5σ significance. After accounting for seeing and pressure support, the nine rotation-dominated discs with vrot/σ0 ≥ 1.5 have average dark matter fractions of $50 \pm 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ at the effective radius, similar to local discs. Together with previous observations of star-forming galaxies at cosmic noon, our measurements suggest a trend of declining dark matter fraction with increasing stellar mass and stellar mass surface density at the effective radius. Measurements of simulated EAGLE galaxies are in quantitative agreement with observations up to log$(M_{\star } R_{\rm eff}^{-2} /\mathrm{M_{\odot } kpc^{-2}}) \sim 9.2$, and overpredict the dark matter fraction of galaxies with higher mass surface densities by a factor of ∼3. We conclude that the dynamics of typical rotationally-supported discs at z ∼ 1.5 is dominated by dark matter from effective radius scales, in broad agreement with cosmological models. The tension with observations at high stellar mass surface density suggests that the prescriptions for baryonic processes occurring in the most massive galaxies (such as bulge growth and quenching) need to be reassessed.
LISA constraints on an intermediate-mass black hole in the Galactic Centre
Authors: Strokov Vladimir , Fragione Giacomo , Berti Emanuele 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Galactic nuclei are potential hosts for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), whose gravitational field can affect the motion of stars and compact objects. The absence of observable perturbations in our own Galactic Centre has resulted in a few constraints on the mass and orbit of a putative IMBH. Here, we show that the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) can further constrain these parameters if the IMBH forms a binary with a compact remnant (a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a stellar-mass black hole), as the gravitational-wave signal from the binary will exhibit Doppler-shift variations as it orbits around Sgr A*. We argue that this method is the most effective for IMBHs with masses $10^3\, \mathrm{ M}_\odot \lesssim M_{\rm IMBH}\lesssim 10^5\, \mathrm{ M}_\odot$ and distances of 0.1–2 mpc with respect to the supermassive black hole, a region of the parameter space partially unconstrained by other methods. We show that in this region the Doppler shift is most likely measurable whenever the binary is detected in the LISA band, and it can help constrain the mass and orbit of a putative IMBH in the centre of our Galaxy. We also discuss possible ways for an IMBH to form a binary in the Galactic Centre, showing that gravitational-wave captures of stellar-mass black holes and neutron stars are the most efficient channel.
Validation of semi-analytical, semi-empirical covariance matrices for two-point correlation function for early DESI data
Authors: Rashkovetskyi Michael , Eisenstein Daniel J , Aguilar Jessica Nicole , Brooks David , Claybaugh Todd , Cole Shaun , Dawson Kyle , de la Macorra Axel , Doel Peter , Fanning Kevin , Font-Ribera Andreu , Forero-Romero Jaime E , Gontcho A Gontcho Satya , Hahn ChangHoon , Honscheid Klaus , Kehoe Robert , Kisner Theodore , Landriau Martin , Levi Michael , Manera Marc , Miquel Ramon , Moon Jeongin , Nadathur Seshadri , Nie Jundan , Poppett Claire , Ross Ashley J , Rossi Graziano , Sanchez Eusebio , Saulder Christoph , Schubnell Michael , Seo Hee-Jong , Tarle Gregory , Valcin David , Weaver Benjamin Alan , Zhao Cheng , Zhou Zhimin , Zou Hu 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present an extended validation of semi-analytical, semi-empirical covariance matrices for the two-point correlation function (2PCF) on simulated catalogs representative of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) data collected during the initial 2 months of operations of the Stage-IV ground-based Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). We run the pipeline on multiple effective Zel’dovich (EZ) mock galaxy catalogs with the corresponding cuts applied and compare the results with the mock sample covariance to assess the accuracy and its fluctuations. We propose an extension of the previously developed formalism for catalogs processed with standard reconstruction algorithms. We consider methods for comparing covariance matrices in detail, highlighting their interpretation and statistical properties caused by sample variance, in particular, non-trivial expectation values of certain metrics even when the external covariance estimate is perfect. With improved mocks and validation techniques, we confirm a good agreement between our predictions and sample covariance. This allows one to generate covariance matrices for comparable data sets without the need to create numerous mock galaxy catalogs with matching clustering, only requiring 2PCF measurements from the data itself. The code used in this paper is publicly available at https://github.com/oliverphilcox/RascalC.
Transmorph: a unifying computational framework for modular single-cell RNA-seq data integration
Authors: Fouché Aziz , Chadoutaud Loïc , Delattre Olivier , Zinovyev Andrei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Data integration of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data describes the task of embedding datasets gathered from different sources or experiments into a common representation so that cells with similar types or states are embedded close to one another independently from their dataset of origin. Data integration is a crucial step in most scRNA-seq data analysis pipelines involving multiple batches. It improves data visualization, batch effect reduction, clustering, label transfer, and cell type inference. Many data integration tools have been proposed during the last decade, but a surge in the number of these methods has made it difficult to pick one for a given use case. Furthermore, these tools are provided as rigid pieces of software, making it hard to adapt them to various specific scenarios. In order to address both of these issues at once, we introduce the transmorph framework. It allows the user to engineer powerful data integration pipelines and is supported by a rich software ecosystem. We demonstrate transmorph usefulness by solving a variety of practical challenges on scRNA-seq datasets including joint datasets embedding, gene space integration, and transfer of cycle phase annotations. transmorph is provided as an open source python package.
METABOLOGENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION UNCOVERS HETEROGENEITY AMONG IDH MUTANT GLIOMAS
Authors: Ajisebutu Andrew , Nassiri Farshad , Wang Justin Z , Mamatjan Yasin , Nejad Romina , Patil Vikas , Liu Jeff , Voisin Mathew R , Mansouri Sheila , Karimi Shirin , Chakravarthy Ankur , Chen Eric , De Carvalho Daniel D , Aldape Kenneth , Zadeh Gelareh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes are recognised to drive the molecular footprint of diffuse gliomas, and patients with IDH-mutant gliomas have overall favorable outcomes compared to patients with IDH wildtype tumors. Nonetheless, survival can vary widely even amongst patients with IDH-mutant tumors. A comprehensive metabologenomic characterization of IDH-mutant gliomas has not been performed to date.
METHOD: Glioma samples from a cohort of 154 patients that underwent surgery at the UHN in Toronto, ON, underwent multiplatform molecular analysis, including metabolomic studies, genome- wide DNA methylation profiling and bulk RNA sequencing. A comprehensive, integrative analysis was performed, and validated through the use of an independent cohort derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS: We discovered a group of IDH-mutant gliomas with globally altered metabolism that highly resembled IDH wildtype tumors. Notably, these IDH-mutant gliomas with dysregulated metabolism were distinguished from their IDH-mutant counterparts by significantly shorter overall survival. The prognostic relevance of dysregulated metabolism complements, but was not wholly explained by canonically recognized prognostic classifications in IDH-mutant gliomas including 1p/19q codeletion, glioma CpG Island Hypermethylator (GCIMP) status and CDKN2A homozygous deletion. IDH-mutant tumors with dysregulated metabolism harbored distinct epigenetic alterations that converged to drive proliferative and stem-like transcriptional profiles. CONCLUSION: Utilizing a cross-platform analysis we have uncovered a novel subtyping of IDH-mutant gliomas with dysregulated cellular metabolism with similar survival to IDH-wildtype tumors. The metabolic profile provides unique information on glioma phenotypes, which may can facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of glioma biology, and provide a window to target novel dependencies.