bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical storage conditions of pequi pulp microparticles and kinetics of degradation of nutritional properties
Authors: Santana Audirene Amorim , Zanin Rodolfo Campos , de Oliveira Rafael Augustus , Kurozawa Louise Emy , Park Kil Jin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe understanding of water sorption behavior and the determination of glass transition temperature (Tg) is essential in stability studies of dried foods, to determine their best storage or processing condition. Water sorption isotherm and glass transition temperature of spray‐dried pequi pulp microparticles were evaluated to obtain storage critical condition of spray dried pequi pulp, which was 25 °C and 62% of relative humidity (RH). Water sorption isotherm at 25 °C was determined by static gravimetric method, using saturated salt solutions, while Tg by differential scanning calorimetry. Total carotenoids, antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation, and color parameters were evaluated throughout 120 days at 25 and 35 °C and RH of 23 and 43% to determine the powder kinetic degradation. All quality parameters presented decay during storage. Total carotenoids and antioxidant capacity by ferric reduction antioxidant power method exhibited a second‐order kinetic, while antioxidant capacity by DPPH assay and lipid oxidation a first and zero‐order kinetics, respectively. Both temperature and RH negatively affected nutritional properties. The storage condition that better preserved the desirable characteristics of spray‐dried pequi pulp microparticles was 25 °C and RH of 23%.Practical ApplicationsOne of the greatest challenges for the food industry is to extend food stability against environmental factors. Especially for those food components very unstable such as pigments, antioxidant components, flavor, and so forth. The sample we used for this study was pequi fruit which has high potential in the food industry because of its sensory and nutritional qualities due to the phytochemicals present in the fruit, such as carotenoids and vitamins A and C. However, pequi is highly perishable and generally susceptible to degradation reactions. We successfully applied microencapsulation for pequi pulp protection and showed the environmental conditions that will preserve its functional properties for longer periods. Our results are relevant to extending the bioactive properties of food components.
Riverine flood potential assessment using metaheuristic hybrid machine learning algorithms
Authors: Vojtek Matej , Janizadeh Saeid , Vojteková Jana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study presents the performance of stand‐alone and novel hybrid models combining the feed‐forward neural network (FFNN) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) with the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization to determine the riverine flood potential at a local spatial scale, which is represented by the Gidra river basin, Slovakia. Eleven flood factors and a robust flood inventory database, consisting of 10,000 flood and non‐flood locations, were used. Using the FFNN, XGB, GA‐FFNN and GA‐XGB models, 16.5%, 11.0%, 17.1%, and 12.3% of the studied basin, respectively, is characterized with high to very high riverine flood potential. The applied models resulted in very high accuracy, that is, AUC = 0.93 in case of the FFNN stand‐alone model and AUC = 0.96 in case of the XGB stand‐alone model. The GA algorithm was able to raise the value of AUC for the hybrid GA‐FFNN and GA‐XGB models to 0.94 and 0.97, respectively. The results of this study can be useful, especially, for the identification of the areas with the highest potential for riverine floods within the next updating of the Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment, which is being carried out based on the EU Floods Directive.
Associated substitution and complementation patterns of processed discretionary foods and drinks on total energy and added sugar intake
Authors: Batis Carolina , Barrientos‐Gutierrez Tonatiuh , Basto‐Abreu Ana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundProcessed discretionary foods and drinks (industrialised sugary drinks, sweet and savoury snacks, and grain‐based sweets) are often target of policies aimed at regulating the food environment. We aimed to understand if a lower intake of processed foods or drinks is associated with substitution or complementation patterns and overall intake.MethodsWe analysed a subsample with two 24‐h dietary recalls of the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 (358 children, 253 adolescents and 278 adults). We compared within‐person, energy and added sugar intakes between days with and without consumption of each food group with fixed‐effects regressions. We estimated the relative change (change in intake when not consumed/average intake when consumed × 100).ResultsProcessed discretionary foods were not fully substituted, as total energy was 200–400 kcal/day lower when these foods were not consumed. The change in total intake was larger than the intake when consumed (i.e., complemented) for industrialised sugary drinks in adolescents (−136%) and adults (−215%), and sweet, savoury snacks for children (−141%). The change was lower (i.e., partially substituted) for grain‐based sweets among children (−78%) and adolescents (−73%). For added sugars, most processed discretionary groups were complemented.ConclusionsDays without intake of processed discretionary foods were associated with lower total energy and lower added sugar intake compared to days when those foods were consumed. This suggests that regulatory policies to reduce the intake of processed foods could have a meaningful impact on improving the overall diet.
BPS‐induced ovarian dysfunction: Protective actions of melatonin via modulation of SIRT‐1/Nrf2/NFĸB and IR/PI3K/pAkt/GLUT‐4 expressions in adult golden hamster
Authors: Pal Sriparna , Sahu Aishwarya , Verma Rakesh , Haldar Chandana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEver‐increasing occurrence of plastic‐manufacturing industries leads to environmental pollution that has been associated with declined human health and increased incidence of compromised reproductive health. Female subfertility/infertility is a complex phenomenon and environmental toxicants as well as lifestyle factors have a crucial role to play. Bisphenol S (BPS) was believed to be a “safer” replacement of bisphenol A (BPA) but recent data documented its neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and reprotoxic attributes. Hence based on the scarcity of reports, we investigated molecular insights into BPS‐induced ovarian dysfunction and protective actions of melatonin against it in adult golden hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus. Hamsters were administered with melatonin (3 mg/kg BW i.p. alternate days) and BPS (150 mg/kg BW orally every day) for 28 days. BPS treatment disrupted hypothalamo–pituitary–ovarian (HPO) axis as evident by reduced gonadotropins such as luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), ovarian steroids such as estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), thyroid hormones namely triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and melatonin levels along with their respective receptors (ERα, TRα, and MT‐1) thereby reducing ovarian folliculogenesis. BPS exposure also led to ovarian oxidative stress/inflammation by increasing reactive oxygen species and metabolic disturbances. However, melatonin supplementation to BPS restored ovarian folliculogenesis/steroidogenesis as indicated by increased number of growing follicles/corpora lutea and E2/P4 levels. Further, melatonin also stimulated key redox/survival markers such as silent information regulator of transcript‐1 (SIRT‐1), forkhead box O‐1 (FOXO‐1), nuclear factor E2‐related factor‐2 (Nrf2), and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/pAkt) expressions along with enhanced ovarian antioxidant capacity. Moreover, melatonin treatment reduced inflammatory load including ovarian nuclear factor kappa‐B (NFĸB), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions, serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), C‐reactive protein (CRP) and nitrite–nitrate levels as well as upregulated ovarian insulin receptor (IR), glucose uptake transporter‐4 (GLUT‐4), connexin‐43, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expressions in ovary thereby ameliorating inflammatory and metabolic alterations due to BPS. In conclusion, we found severe deleterious impact of BPS on ovary while melatonin treatment protected ovarian physiology from these detrimental changes suggesting it to be a potential preemptive candidate against environmental toxicant‐compromised female reproductive health.
In vitro deacetylation of N‐acetylserotonin by arylacetamide deacetylase
Authors: Huang Zheping , Li Yu , Konishi Keigo , Sakai Yoshiyuki , Tashiro Kiyomichi , Fukami Tatsuki , Borjigin Jimo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) is a deacetylation enzyme present in the mammalian liver, gastrointestinal tract, and brain. During our search for mammalian enzymes capable of metabolizing N‐acetylserotonin (NAS), AADAC was identified as having the ability to convert NAS to serotonin. Both human and rodent recombinant AADAC proteins can deacetylate NAS in vitro, although the human AADAC shows markedly higher activity compared with rodent enzyme. The AADAC‐mediated deacetylation reaction can be potently inhibited by eserine in vitro. In addition to NAS, recombinant hAADAC can deacetylate melatonin (to form 5‐methoxytryptamine) and N‐acetyltryptamine (NAT) (to form tryptamine). In addition to the in vitro deacetylation of NAS by the recombinant AADAC proteins, liver (mouse and human) and brain (human) extracts were able to deacetylate NAS; these activities were sensitive to eserine. Taken together, these results demonstrate a new role for AADAC and suggest a novel pathway for the AADAC‐mediated metabolism of pineal indoles in mammals.
Can gender‐responsive budgeting change how governments budget?: Lessons from the case of Ecuador
Authors: Martínez Guzmán Juan Pablo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGender‐responsive budgeting (GRB) has been introduced in over 80 countries to mitigate gender inequities. We evaluate if these reforms can influence policy making and enhance gender‐oriented accountability. Our analysis follows the process‐tracing methodology and includes over 20 in‐depth interviews. Our findings show significant public administration obstacles to GRB, but success is possible in institutions with proper leadership, human, and technological resources. This study advances our understanding of the operational limits of GRB, highlights areas for future research on equity‐oriented reforms, and sheds light on issues that practitioners need to account for as they strive to further gender equity.
Polyamines inhibit abscisic acid‐induced stomatal closure by scavenging hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Liu Xu‐Dong , Zeng Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Xia‐Yi , Tian Xue‐Qian , Hasan Md. Mahadi , Yao Guang‐Qian , Fang Xiang‐Wen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStomatal closure is regulated by plant hormones and some small molecules to reduce water loss under stress conditions. Both abscisic acid (ABA) and polyamines alone induce stomatal closure; however, whether the physiological functions of ABA and polyamines are synergistic or antagonistic with respect to inducing stomatal closure is still unknown. Here, stomatal movement in response to ABA and/or polyamines was tested in Vicia faba and Arabidopsis thaliana, and the change in the signaling components under stomatal closure was analyzed. We found that both polyamines and ABA could induce stomatal closure through similar signaling components, including the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) and the accumulation of Ca2+. However, polyamines partially inhibited ABA‐induced stomatal closure both in epidermal peels and in planta by activating antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), to eliminate the ABA‐induced increase in H2O2. These results strongly indicate that polyamines inhibit abscisic acid‐induced stomatal closure, suggesting that polyamines could be used as potential plant growth regulators to increase photosynthesis under mild drought stress.
Beyond binary: K‐12 student use of gender‐inclusive language in a scientific context
Authors: Miller Jocelyn , Olson Missie , Bryant Connor , Hite Rebecca , Childers Gina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStudies suggest that the lack of diversity in the science workforce may be partially attributed to implicit bias. Collectively, implicit biases are ingrained among youth from their upbringing, culture, and media, which are subsequently reflected in their language choices. Reform efforts made in post‐secondary science education have targeted implicit bias by challenging the use of gendered language (he, she) and modeling gender inclusive language. However, the impact of such reforms are unexplored among K‐12 aged learners. Utilizing the theoretical lens of implicit cognition, student‐produced text within 288 primary (n = 47) and secondary (n = 241) Draw a Scientist Tests (DASTs) were analyzed using critical discourse analysis to explore how gender‐exclusive language (GEL) and gender‐inclusive language (GIL) was used by students when describing scientists. Findings suggest that middle school boys were most likely to use GIL, whereas high school girls were the least likely to use GIL. However, when specifying gender, elementary boys were most likely to use male‐exclusive language, and high school girls were the most likely to use female‐exclusive language. Further analyses suggest that students' implicit perceptions of scientists (character traits, academic behaviors, the field of study) were influenced by their gender, grade level, and the scientist's perceived gender or gender neutrality.
The bZIP transcription factor SlAREB1 regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in response to low temperature in tomato
Authors: Xu Zijian , Wang Jiachun , Ma Yongbo , Wang Fan , Wang Jingrong , Zhang Yong , Hu Xiaohui 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYLow temperature and abscisic acid (ABA) are the two main factors that induce anthocyanin synthesis; however, their potential relationships in governing anthocyanin biosynthesis in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) seedlings remains unclear. Our study revealed the involvement of the transcription factor SlAREB1 in the low‐temperature response of tomato seedlings via the ABA‐dependent pathway, for a specific temperature range. The overexpression of SlAREB1 enhanced the expression of anthocyanin‐related genes and the accumulation of anthocyanins, especially under low‐temperature conditions, whereas silencing SlAREB1 dramatically reduced gene expression and anthocyanin accumulation. There is a direct interaction between SlAREB1 and the promoters of SlDFR and SlF3′5′H, which are structural genes that impact anthocyanin biosynthesis. SlAREB1 can regulate anthocyanins through controlling SlDFR and SlF3′5′H expression. Accordingly, SlAREB1 takes charge of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in tomato seedlings via the ABA‐dependent pathway at low temperatures.
SALVO: Single-Arm Trial of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab as Adjuvant Therapy for Resected Mucosal Melanoma
Authors: Kottschade Lisa A. , Pond Gregory Russell , Olszanski Anthony J. , Zakharia Yousef , Domingo-Musibay Evidio , Hauke Ralph J. , Curti Brendan D. , Schober Sarah , Milhem Mohammed M. , Block Matthew Stephen , Hieken Tina , McWilliams Robert R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Mucosal melanoma is a rare, aggressive form of melanoma with extremely high recurrence rates despite definitive surgical resection with curative intent. Currently there is no consensus on adjuvant therapy. Data on checkpoint inhibitors for adjuvant therapy are lacking.

Patients and Methods:
We performed a single-arm, multicenter clinical trial using “flip dose” ipilimumab (1 mg/kg q3w × 4 cycles), and nivolumab (3 mg/kg q3w × 4 cycles), then nivolumab 480 mg q4w × 11 cycles to complete a year of adjuvant therapy. Participants must have had R0/R1 resection ≤90 days before registration, no prior systemic therapy (adjuvant radiotherapy allowed), ECOG 0/1, and no uncontrolled autoimmune disease or other invasive cancer. Patients were recruited through the Midwest Melanoma Partnership/Hoosier Oncology Network.

Results:
From September 2017 to August 2021, 35 patients were enrolled. Of these, 29 (83%) had R0 resections, and 7 (20%) received adjuvant radiotherapy. Median age was 67 years, 21 (60.0%) female. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates at 1 and 2 years were 50% [95% confidence interval (CI), 31%–66%] and 37% (95% CI, 19%–55%), respectively. Overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 87% (95% CI, 68%–95%) and 68% (95% CI, 46%–83%), respectively. Median RFS was 10.3 months (95% CI, 5.7–25.8). Most common grade 3 toxicities were diarrhea (14%), hypertension (14%), and hyponatremia (11%), with no grade 4/5 toxicities.

Conclusions:
Flip-dose ipilimumab and nivolumab after resection of mucosal melanoma is associated with outcomes improved over that of surgical resection alone. Long-term follow-up, subgroup analyses and correlative studies are ongoing.
The Preclinical Pharmacology of Tepotinib—A Highly Selective MET Inhibitor with Activity in Tumors Harboring MET Alterations
Authors: Albers Joachim , Friese-Hamim Manja , Clark Anderson , Schadt Oliver , Walter-Bausch Gina , Stroh Christopher , Johne Andreas , Karachaliou Niki , Blaukat Andree 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (MET) proto-oncogene encodes the MET receptor tyrosine kinase. MET aberrations drive tumorigenesis in several cancer types through a variety of molecular mechanisms, including MET mutations, gene amplification, rearrangement, and overexpression. Therefore, MET is a therapeutic target and the selective type Ib MET inhibitor, tepotinib, was designed to potently inhibit MET kinase activity. In vitro, tepotinib inhibits MET in a concentration-dependent manner irrespective of the mode of MET activation, and in vivo, tepotinib exhibits marked, dose-dependent antitumor activity in MET-dependent tumor models of various cancer indications. Tepotinib penetrates the blood–brain barrier and demonstrates strong antitumor activity in subcutaneous and orthotopic brain metastasis models, in-line with clinical activity observed in patients. MET amplification is an established mechanism of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), and preclinical studies show that tepotinib in combination with EGFR TKIs can overcome this resistance. Tepotinib is currently approved for the treatment of adult patients with advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer harboring MET exon 14 skipping alterations. This review focuses on the pharmacology of tepotinib in preclinical cancer models harboring MET alterations and demonstrates that strong adherence to the principles of the Pharmacological Audit Trail may result in a successful discovery and development of a precision medicine.
Tratamento cirúrgico da doença de Parkinson
Authors: Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Fonoff Erich Talammoni 
Published: March 2023

Neste capítulo são abordados o histórico do tratamento cirúrgico da doença de Parkinson, as principais indicações e contra-indicações dos diversos tipos de procedimentos,considerando as cirurgias clássicas de neuroablação (palidotomias e talamotomias), modernas técnicas de neuroestimulação cerebral profunda e, mais recentemente, perspectivas de abordagens relacionadas a transplantes neurais, particularmente protocolos atuais de transplante de células tronco.
The effect of an integrated palliative care intervention on quality of life and acute healthcare use in patients with COPD: Results of the COMPASSION cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Broese Johanna , van der Kleij Rianne MJJ , Verschuur Els ML , Kerstjens Huib AM , Bronkhorst Ewald M , Engels Yvonne , Chavannes Niels H 
Published: April 2023

Background: COPD causes high morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need for palliative care. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of palliative care in patients with COPD. Design: Cluster randomized controlled trial (COMPASSION study; Netherlands Trial Register (NTR): NL7644, 07-04-2019). Healthcare providers within the intervention group were trained to implement palliative care components into routine COPD care. Patients completed questionnaires at baseline, after 3 and 6 months; medical records were assessed after 12 months. The primary outcome was quality of life (FACIT-Pal). Secondary outcomes were anxiety, depression, spiritual well-being, satisfaction with care, acute healthcare use, documentation of life-sustaining treatment preferences and place of death. Generalized linear mixed modelling was used for analyses. Setting: Eight hospital regions in the Netherlands. Participants: Patients hospitalized for an acute exacerbation of COPD and positive ProPal-COPD score. Results: Of 222 patients included, 106 responded to the questionnaire at 6 months. Thirty-six of 98 intervention patients (36.7%) received the intervention. Intention-to-treat-analysis showed no effect on the primary outcome (adjusted difference: 1.09; 95% confidence interval: −5.44 to 7.60). In the intervention group, fewer intensive care admissions for COPD took place (adjusted odds ratio: 0.21; 95% confidence interval: 0.03–0.81) and strong indications were found for fewer hospitalizations (adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.69; 95% confidence interval: 0.46–1.03). Conclusions: We found no evidence that palliative care improves quality of life in patients with COPD. However, it can potentially reduce acute healthcare use. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic led to suboptimal implementation and insufficient power, and may have affected some of our findings.
Black Political Economy, Solidarity Economics, and Liberation: Toward an Economy of Caring and Abundance
Authors: Gordon-Nembhard Jessica 
Published: April 2023

Combining Black political economy and solidarity economy theories and practices provides alternative models for group development based on recognizing and developing internal (to the individual and to the community) capacities and creating mechanisms that equitably produce, distribute, recycle, and multiply local expertise and capital within communities of color, especially Black, communities—creating a solidarity economy of caring community for survival (successful social reproduction), sustainability, and liberation. The history of mutual aid, cooperative ownership, and economic democracy among African Americans demonstrates how economic cooperation and solidarity economics have enabled Blacks to address human needs, generate income, and at the same time be family and community friendly, in reaction to anti-Blackness and racial economic inequality. Cooperatives enable low-income residents, women, immigrants, and people of color (who often are without any avenue to gain income or assets) to provide affordable, quality goods and services in ecologically sustainable ways and generate jobs, stabilize their communities, and accumulate some assets. The history of African American cooperative ownership demonstrates that Black Americans have been successful in creating and maintaining collective and cooperatively owned enterprises that often provided not only economic stability for members and their communities but also developed many types of human and social capital and developed community-wide well-being. I discuss how this helps us to define an economics of abundance and explore possibilities for achieving economic liberation in the twenty-first century. JEL Classification: J15, B54, P13