bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conspecific interference by adults in an aphidophagous ladybird Propylea dissecta (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): effect on reproduction
Authors: Mishra G. , Omkar  
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effects of conspecific adult interference on the reproductive output of an aphidophagous ladybird, Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) were investigated. Ovipositing females were subjected to physical interference with conspecific adults (0 to 4 males or females) in Petri dishes and the effects on egg cannibalism, oviposition and egg viability were recorded. The absence of interference was related to the lowest egg cannibalism (0.00%) and higher fecundity (336.30±32.16 eggs) and egg viability (95.83±1.60%). Fecundity decreased with increasing physical interference from either sex. Egg viability declined with increasing male density, but was not influenced by conspecific females. In a second experiment, evaluating the role of conspecific adult chemical tracks on fecundity and egg viability, it was observed that adult chemical track density (fresh and ten-day-old) was negatively correlated. Egg viability was not affected by the presence of adult chemical tracks. The decrease in fecundity was not affected by the sex of the adults making the tracks, thus revealing that the chemical constitution of these deterrent compounds was not sex-specific. Conspecific interference in a Petri dish reduces reproductive output, as a result of physical interference and response to what seem to be oviposition-deterring pheromones present in adult tracks.
Life history of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on various host plants
Authors: Azidah A.A. , Sofian-Azirun M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe incubation period of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) was not influenced by the host plant, whereas larval development time and pupal period were affected. Larval development time was longest on shallot and lady's finger, followed by cabbage and long bean. Larvae did not develop beyond the first instar when fed on chilli. The pupal period was longer on lady's finger than on cabbage, shallot and long bean. Overall, adult longevity was not influenced by the host plant but there was a difference between female and male longevity among the host plants. Survival of S. exigua was affected by the host plant at the larval stage. The number of larval instars varied between 5 and 8 within and between the studied host plants. Long bean was found to be the most suitable host plant and provide the best food quality for S. exigua compared to the other host plants, as it allowed faster development, fewer larval instars and a higher survival rate.
Refining interface compatibility and carrier management via π-π conjugated stacking for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells based on low-temperature processing
Authors: Yang Yun 
Published: August 2023

Deficiencies and instability in the ETL, perovskite layer, or their interface contribute to carrier nonradiative recombination losses. To address these issues, we propose an electron collection and injection optimisation strategy that focuses on enhancing the compatibility and charge transfer performance at the ETL-perovskite interface. Our approach involves low-temperature modification TiO2 with pyrimidine-2-carboximidamide acetate (PCA) through π-π stacking, reducing the surface energy and improving the interfacial compatibility. At the same time, a stable organic–inorganic hybrid layer is formed with lead iodide (PbI2) below the perovskite layer. Additionally, we demonstrate long-term ambient stability, with the PSCs retaining approximately 90% of their initial PCE after 100 days. We also fabricate large-area modules, achieving an efficiency of 19.53% with an active area of 36.41 cm2. Highlights The introduction of the π-π stacking multifunctional molecule PCA through a low-temperature process to modify TiO2 film enhances the stability and performance of perovskite solar cells. This novel approach improves interfacial compatibility and reduces defects at the interface, enabling vertically aligned crystal growth of perovskite and increasing the interfacial contact area. By effectively removing two types of Hydroxyl groups over the low-temperature TiO2 film through multiple surface chemical reactions, the strategy mitigates nonradiative recombination, leading to reduced energy losses and improved performance in both small and large-area perovskite solar cell modules.
Lunapark deficiency leads to an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental phenotype with a degenerative course, epilepsy and distinct brain anomalies
Authors: Accogli Andrea , Zaki Maha S , Al-Owain Mohammed , Otaif Mansour Y , Jackson Adam , Argilli Emanuela , Chandler Kate E , De Goede Christian G E L , Cora Tülün , Alvi Javeria Raza , Eslahi Atieh , Asl Mohajeri Mahsa Sadat , Ashtiani Setareh , Au P Y Billie , Scocchia Alicia , Alakurtti Kirsi , Pagnamenta Alistair T , Toosi Mehran Beiraghi , Karimiani Ehsan Ghayoor , Mojarrad Majid , Arab Fatemeh , Duymuş Fahrettin , Scantlebury Morris H , Yeşil Gözde , Rosenfeld Jill Anne , Türkyılmaz Ayberk , Sağer Safiye Güneş , Sultan Tipu , Ashrafzadeh Farah , Zahra Tatheer , Rahman Fatima , Maqbool Shazia , Abdel-Hamid Mohamed S , Issa Mahmoud Y , Efthymiou Stephanie , Bauer Peter , Zifarelli Giovanni , Salpietro Vincenzo , Al-Hassnan Zuhair , Banka Siddharth , Sherr Elliot H , Gleeson Joseph G , Striano Pasquale , Houlden Henry , Severino Mariasavina , Maroofian Reza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
LNPK encodes a conserved membrane protein that stabilizes the junctions of the tubular endoplasmic reticulum network playing crucial roles in diverse biological functions. Recently, homozygous variants in LNPK were shown to cause a neurodevelopmental disorder (OMIM#618090) in four patients displaying developmental delay, epilepsy and nonspecific brain malformations including corpus callosum hypoplasia and variable impairment of cerebellum. We sought to delineate the molecular and phenotypic spectrum of LNPK-related disorder. Exome or genome sequencing was carried out in 11 families. Thorough clinical and neuroradiological evaluation was performed for all the affected individuals, including review of previously reported patients. We identified 12 distinct homozygous loss-of-function variants in 16 individuals presenting with moderate to profound developmental delay, cognitive impairment, regression, refractory epilepsy and a recognizable neuroimaging pattern consisting of corpus callosum hypoplasia and signal alterations of the forceps minor (‘ear-of-the-lynx’ sign), variably associated with substantia nigra signal alterations, mild brain atrophy, short midbrain and cerebellar hypoplasia/atrophy. In summary, we define the core phenotype of LNPK-related disorder and expand the list of neurological disorders presenting with the ‘ear-of-the-lynx’ sign suggesting a possible common underlying mechanism related to endoplasmic reticulum-phagy dysfunction.
‘The True Physicians Here are the Padres’: British Christian Army Chaplains and the Liberation of Bergen-Belsen
Authors: Thompson Robert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
When a senior medical officer summarised the work of army chaplains in the liberation of Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, he said: ‘The true physicians here are the padres, and they are doing more good to the patients than anyone else’. Chaplains, however, have been largely absent from the extensive scholarship on Belsen. Similarly, widespread interest in post-Holocaust Christian–Jewish relations has ignored the accounts of those Christians who encountered the aftermath of the Holocaust in the liberation of the camps. This article shows that chaplains fulfilled a unique role at Belsen, providing pastoral care which encouraged survivors as they shared their stories. This process of listening was the first encounter of British Christian ministers with the realities of the Holocaust as experienced by its survivors. As a consequence, they differ from most contemporary British narratives of Belsen in their appreciation of the Jewishness of the experience: they largely recognised survivors as Jews and sought to understand the specific nature of Jewish suffering. Finally, this article shows that chaplains recorded their experiences and displayed a sensitive approach to survivor testimony, ensuring not only that a wider audience learned the truth of the liberation of Belsen, but that those accounts were defined by the experiences of the Jewish survivors themselves. The article concludes that the experience of Christian chaplaincy in the liberation of Belsen uncovers a singular example of Christian–Jewish encounter in the aftermath of the Holocaust, one in which Christian ministers demonstrated a profound care for survivors, their identities and their stories.
Preoperative left ventricular diastolic dimension index is associated with outcomes after HeartMate 3 implantation
Authors: Vinogradsky Alice V , Hayashi Hideyuki , Kirschner Michael , Ning Yuming , Kurlansky Paul , Yuzefpolskaya Melana , Colombo Paolo , Sayer Gabriel , Uriel Nir , Naka Yoshifumi , Takeda Koji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We investigated the association between indexed left ventricular diastolic dimension and clinical outcomes after HeartMate 3 implantation.

METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed patients implanted with the HeartMate 3 at our centre between November 2014 and September 2021. Left ventricular diastolic dimension was assessed via preoperative transthoracic echocardiography and left ventricular diastolic dimension index was calculated as left ventricular diastolic dimension/body surface area. The primary outcome was a composite of death or readmission due to right heart failure or stroke. The cut-off left ventricular diastolic dimension index value most closely associated with outcomes was determined by receiver-operating characteristic curve and restricted cubic spline analyses.

RESULTS
Left ventricular diastolic dimension index measurements were available for 252 of 253 (99.6%) patients. Using a left ventricular diastolic dimension index cut-off value of 33.5 mm/m2, the cohort was divided: left ventricular diastolic dimension index ≤ (n = 131) or &gt; (n = 121) 33.5 mm/m2. While there were no significant differences in age, INTERMACS level and preoperative haemodynamics between groups, patients with smaller left ventricular diastolic dimension index were more likely to have a larger body surface area (2.1 vs 1.9 m2, P &lt; 0.001), ischaemic cardiomyopathy [64 (49%) vs 40 (33%), P = 0.01] and smaller left atrium volume index [40.5 (32.3–54.0) ml/m2 vs 54.0 (43.0–66.8) ml/m2, P &lt; 0.001]. Smaller left ventricular diastolic dimension index patients had significantly worse survival (74% vs 88%, log-rank P = 0.009) and freedom from adverse events (55% vs 73%, log-rank P = 0.005) at 3-year follow-up. Smaller left ventricular diastolic dimension index was independently associated with the composite outcome (Hazard ratio 2.24, P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS
Smaller preoperative left ventricular diastolic dimension index is associated with worse outcomes in patients undergoing HeartMate 3 implantation.
The parallel biosynthesis routes of hyperoside from naringenin in Hypericum monogynum
Authors: Wang Yingying , Cui Zhirong , Li Qianqian , Zhang Shuai , Li Yongyi , Li Xueyan , Kong Lingyi , Luo Jun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Hyperoside is a bioactive flavonoid galactoside in both medicinal and edible plants. It plays an important physiological role in the growth of flower buds. However, the hyperoside biosynthesis pathway has not been systematically elucidated in plants, including its original source, Hypericaceae. Our group found abundant hyperoside in the flower buds of Hypericum monogynum, and we sequenced its transcriptome to study the biosynthetic mechanism of hyperoside. After gene screening and functional verification, four kinds of key enzymes were identified. Specifically, HmF3Hs (flavanone 3-hydroxylases) and HmFLSs (flavonol synthases) could catalyze flavanones into dihydroflavonols, as well as catalyzing dihydroflavonols into flavonols. HmFLSs could also convert flavanones into flavonols and flavones with varying efficiencies. HmF3′H (flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase) was found to act broadly on 4′-hydroxyl flavonoids to produce 3′,4′-diydroxylated flavanones, dihydroflavonols, flavonols, and flavones. HmGAT (flavonoid 3-O-galactosyltransferase) would transform flavonols into the corresponding 3-O-galactosides, including hyperoside. The parallel hyperoside biosynthesis routes were thus depicted, one of which was successfully reconstructed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) by feeding naringenin, resulting in a hyperoside yield of 25 mg/l. Overall, this research not only helped us understand the interior catalytic mechanism of hyperoside in H. monogynum concerning flower development and bioactivity, but also provided valuable insights into these enzyme families.
Push notifications for critical labs results: a pilot study in the intensive care unit (ICU)
Authors: Adhyaru Bhavin B , Hilburn Glenn , Oberg Mindy , Mann Karen , Wu Daniel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
We developed a push notification allowing for an electronic acknowledgment of critical lab results to providers in the intensive care unit.

Materials and Methods
This project was conducted over a 3-month period at a large academic safety net hospital. A push notification and acknowledgment system were created to comply with the existing critical results notification requirements. We monitored the number of acknowledged results, time to acknowledgment, and lab type.

Results
Prior to the push notification, lab services paged the provider. This resulted in many critical lab results relayed to the clinician beyond the expected 10-minute window. With the push notification workflow, we found that, during the 3-month period, 82, or 5.8%, of the 1414 results were acknowledged. This represented 82 less pages/calls lab services had to make.

Discussion
The push notification alert was easy to use and there was quicker results notification when acknowledged. There were limitations due to hand-offs for clinicians and some were not familiar with the mobile technology and the electronic acknowledgment.

Conclusions
Although the acknowledgment rate was low, every electronic acknowledgment saved lab service technicians an average of 10 minutes compared to the existing workflow. As familiarity with the technology and workflow increases, this novel form of communication has the potential to have significant cost savings for lab services, in addition to efficiency gains for lab, clinicians, and more timely care. The integration of health information technology and push notification of critical labs should be the focus of investigation for further future research.
Extended Paraumbilical Perforator Flap Pedicled With the Inferior Epigastric Artery for Coverage of Type III Circumferential Electrical Burns of the Wrist
Authors: Shen Yu-Ming , Qin Feng-Jun , Du Wei-Li , Zhang Hui-Jun , Zhang Cong , Wang Cheng , Hu Xiao-Hua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Type III electrical burns on the wrist are characterized by circumferential wounds, three dimensional with sandwich-like necrosis, and progressive blood circulation disturbances. Limb salvage is challenging, and success in meeting this challenge depends on vascular reconstruction and wound coverage. This article is intended for the following purposes: to investigate the principles of wound debridement, the management of involved blood vessels, and the clinical effects of the extended paraumbilical perforator flap pedicled with the inferior epigastric artery for coverage of type III circumferential electrical burns of the wrist. A total of 13 male patients (age, 20 to 43 years; average, 29 years) were enrolled in the study. After early escharotomy, debridement, and vascular reconstruction, all wounds were repaired with the extended paraumbilical perforator flap pedicled with the inferior epigastric artery. Flap survival was achieved in all 13 patients. Subcutaneous liquefaction necrosis and infection beneath the flap occurred in three patients. Radial or ulnar artery reconstruction via the great saphenous vein (GSV) graft was performed in 12 cases. All patients had a mean follow-up of 6 to 36 months, and the flaps demonstrated satisfactory flexibility and texture. Hand function was preserved in eight patients, and no patients developed abdominal hernia. Thorough debridement, early vascular reestablishment, and wound coverage are essential for the overall limb salvage effort for type III circumferential electrical burns of the wrist. The extended paraumbilical perforator flap may provide a new and appropriate option for the primary repair of extensive soft tissue defects.
W. E. B. Du Bois’s Influence on Whiteness Studies and Critical Race Theory
Authors: Hughey Matthew W. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter highlights the contributions of W. E. B. Du Bois to the animating assumptions and analytic focus of both Whiteness studies and critical race theory. As interdisciplinary approaches, both fields draw liberally from Du Bois’s vast analyses of the “race” concept but cohere around six primary tenets. Whiteness studies remains animated by Du Bois’s concentration on (1) the racially unequal distribution of economic, legal, social, and political privileges, (2) the simultaneous hypervisibility and invisibility of White identities, and (3) the moral inconsistencies and hypocrisies undergirding White racial projects. Relatedly, Du Bois’s awareness of (4) the homeostatic and normative character of racism, (5) the power of synthesizing biography, visionary fiction, and empiricism to counter White racialist narratives, and (6) the unique and intersecting nexus of structural susceptibilities together propel critical race theory. These fields owe their continued resonance and application to a Du Boisian inheritance that cannot rightfully be ignored.
Regulation of Slums and Slum Improvement in British Colonial History
Authors: Home Robert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter investigates the history of legal regulation of slums. It argues that there was a transfer and continuity of official approaches to slums between metropolitan Britain and its colonial cities, approaches that survive in international development policy agendas. The term slum originally applied to crowded inner-city districts but has since widened to include peri-urban areas, indeed any poor housing concentrated in a small area. Nineteenth-century responses saw slum dwellers as morally degenerate and a public health threat, but came to recognize the need for affordable housing provision through government intervention. Regulatory frameworks developed with varying success, and improvement trusts were used in Asian cities to intervene in the urban built environment. The chapter summarizes research on Victorian London, Asian cities (Bombay and Calcutta), and African peri-urban areas, with a range of interdisciplinary methodologies referenced, including legal and community history, path dependency, actor network theory, policy mobility, and critical toponymy.
Women and Wages in Britain’s “Classic” Slums
Authors: Ross Ellen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Feminist scholarship on poor women’s social networks, particularly the work of anthropologist Carol Stack in the 1970s, uncovered contacts and meanings obscured by then-dominant “culture of poverty” approaches. This chapter looks at work by historians of the 1980s and 1990s who were part of the History Workshop movement’s project of uncovering the lives of Britain’s nineteenth-century working class. This research demonstrated the central place of women in shaping neighborhood life and in sustaining households in an era when the poor lived on wages, however erratic, rather than on “gig” employment and makeshifts. The “classic” slums of the late nineteenth century benefited from services and protection provided by the liberal state, unlike many shantytowns today worldwide where state and municipal services and protections are scarce. Sometimes sidelined in research today, women are central in shaping local culture and as caregivers. They have distinct needs and make gender-specific contributions to their communities.
Notting Dale
Authors: White Jerry 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Notting Dale area of North Kensington became one of the worst slums in London from the 1870s. Despite its intended origins as a middle-class suburb, it attracted one of the poorest populations in the metropolis. In 1893, a newspaper article by the campaigning journalist George R. Sims threw a dramatic spotlight on the area, labeling it a “West End Avernus,” or hell on earth. From then on, Kensington Borough Council and local philanthropists tried to drive out the rough metropolitan poor who continued to derive benefits from living there. In all of this the life stories of the people of Notting Dale remain elusive, though its population can, in part, be illuminated and humanized by the deployment of family history resources.
Post-Apartheid Politics in South Africa
Authors: Msimang Sisonke 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses post-apartheid politics in South Africa. It begins by arguing that during the decade spanning 1994–2004, the African National Congress (ANC) was able to win resounding victories at the ballot box while demonstrating a strong commitment to democratic principles. The chapter then examines the second decade of ANC rule. Although the ANC secured a spectacular victory with 62 percent of the vote going into Thabo Mbeki’s second term of office, the chapter looks at the increasing cracks in the ANC’s unity and analyzes a number of examples of Mbeki’s wavering commitment to democratic principles. It also tracks the rise of Jacob Zuma, covering his rape trial and the violent masculinities it unleashed both in the wider body politic and within the governing Tripartite Alliance. Finally, the chapter explores the Rhodes Must Fall and Fees Must Fall movements, using them as a case study to understand the distorting effects of ANC dominance, not just on the state or in the formal political realm but in the politics of the everyday.
Digital Transformation in Health Care
Authors: Gersch Martin , Wessel Lauri 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The health care industry is lagging behind other industries when it comes to digital transformation, a longitudinal process of fundamental changes that involves the production, generation, aggregation, and application of data through a multitude of technical means which affects both organizations and society at large. While health care might benefit from digitization, the observed lag and varieties of outcomes can be explained by the industry’s unique characteristics—a high level of institutionalization, significant historically rooted differences between countries, and a central role played by medical professionals and their practices. The cases of Ghana, China, and Europe are used to illustrate the different manifestations and challenges of digital transformation in health care across interconnected levels of analysis. Taken together, these examples show that if the transformation of professional practices is successful, more fundamental changes can be expected.
Coercion, Exploitation, and Undue Inducement
Authors: Phillips Trisha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides a summative and critical review of coercion, exploitation, and undue inducement in human subjects research. It draws from both theoretical and empirical research to explore the nature, moral weight, and moral force of these concepts and identify issues that arise in a variety of biomedical and social science research settings. The chapter also examines the ways in which vulnerability, power, injustice, and misfortune can complicate both the interpretation and application of these concepts. The chapter highlights the various points of agreement and disagreement among the theoretical models and concludes that they all provide valuable information for researchers, scholars, and institutional review board members working to ensure that human subjects research is ethical.