bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The first alongside midwifery unit in Spain: A retrospective cohort study of maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Palau‐Costafreda Roser , García Gumiel Sara , Eles Velasco Amaranta , Jansana‐Riera Anna , Orus‐Covisa Lluna , Hermida González Júlia , Algarra Ramos Miriam , Canet‐Vélez Olga , Obregón Gutiérrez Noemí , Escuriet Ramón 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMidwife‐led units have been shown to be safer and reduce interventions for women at low risk of complications at birth. In 2017, the first alongside birth center was opened in Spain. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes for women with uncomplicated pregnancies giving birth in the Midwife‐led unit (MLU) and in the Obstetric unit (OU) of the same hospital.MethodsRetrospective cohort study comparing birth outcomes between low‐risk women, depending on their planned place of birth. Data were analyzed with an intention‐to‐treat approach for women that gave birth between January 2018 and December 2020.ResultsA total of 878 women were included in the study, 255 women chose to give birth in the MLU and 623 in the OU. Findings showed that women in the MLU were more likely to have a vaginal birth (91.4%) than in the OU (83.8%) (aOR 2.98 [95%CI 1.62–5.47]), less likely to have an instrumental delivery, 3.9% versus 11.2% (0.25 [0.11–0.55]), to use epidural analgesia, 19.6% versus 77.9% (0.15 [0.04–0.17]) and to have an episiotomy, 7.4% versus 15.4% (0.27 [0.14–0.53]). There were no differences in rates of postpartum hemorrhage, retained placenta, or adverse neonatal outcomes. Intrapartum and postpartum transfer rates from the MLU to the OU were 21.1% and 2.4%, respectively.ConclusionsThe high rate of obstetric interventions in Spain could be reduced by implementing midwife‐led units across the whole system, without an increase in maternal or neonatal complications.
Intrapartum time intervals and transfer of nulliparae from community births to maternity care units in Germany
Authors: Hill Janice , Zinsser Laura A. , Wiemer Anke , Gross Mechthild M. , Stoll Kathrin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOver one‐third of nulliparae planning births either at home or in freestanding midwife‐led birthing centers (community births) in high‐income countries are transferred during labor. Perinatal data are reported each year in Germany for women planning community birth. So far, data sets have not been linked to describe time‐related factors associated with nulliparous transfer to hospital.ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence of referral for nulliparae and assess maternal and labor characteristics associated with intrapartum transfer.MethodsPerinatal data from 2010 to 2015 were linked (n = 26,115). Women were reviewed with respect to international eligibility criteria for community birth; 1997 women were excluded (7.6%). Descriptive statistics were reported; unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) tested the predictive effect of demographic and labor factors on rates of intrapartum transfer.ResultsOne in three nulliparous women (30.6%) were transferred to hospital. Compared with community births, transferred women were significantly more likely to experience longer time intervals during labor: from rupture of membranes (ROM) until birth lasting 5 to 18 h (OR 6.05, CI 5.53–6.61) and 19 to 24 h (OR 10.83, CI 9.45–12.41) compared to one to 4 h; and from onset of labor until birth 11 to 24 h (OR 6.72, CI 6.24–7.23) and 25 to 29 h (OR 26.62, CI 22.77–31.11) compared to one to 10 h. When entering all factors into the model, we found the strongest predictors of transfer to be fetal distress, longer time intervals between ROM until birth and onset of labor until birth.ConclusionsNulliparous transfer rates were similar to rates in other high‐income countries; 94% of referrals were non‐urgent. Time was found to be an independent risk factor for the transfer of nulliparae planning community birth.
Between “a lot of room for it” and “it doesn't exist”—Advancing and limiting factors of autonomy in birth as perceived by perinatal care practitioners: An interview study in Switzerland
Authors: Rost Michael , Stuerner Zelda , Niles Paulomi , Arnold Louisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNumerous studies show that negative birth experiences are often related to birthing people's loss of autonomy. We argue that a fetal‐focused decision‐making framework and a maternal–fetal conflict lens are often applied, creating a false dichotomy between autonomy and fetal beneficence. Given the high prevalence of autonomy‐depriving decision‐making, it is important to understand how autonomy can be enhanced.MethodsWe interviewed 15 Swiss perinatal care practitioners (eight midwives, five physicians, and two doulas) and employed reflexive thematic analysis. We offer a reflection on underlying assumptions and researcher positionality.ResultsWe generated two descriptive themes: advancing and limiting factors of autonomy. Numerous subthemes, grouped at the levels of companion, birthing person, practitioners, birthing person–practitioner relationship, and structural determinants are also defined. The most salient advancing factors were practitioners' approaches to decision‐making, antenatal contacts, and structural determinants. The most salient limiting factors were various barriers within birthing people (e.g., expertise, decisional capacity, and awareness of own rights), practitioners' attitudes and behavior, and structural determinants.DiscussionThe actualization of autonomy is multifactorially determined and must be understood against the background of power structures both underlying and inherent to decision‐making in birth. Practitioners attributed a significant proportion of limited autonomy to birthing people themselves. This reinforces a “mother‐blame” narrative that absolves obstetrics of primary responsibility. Practitioners' recognition of their contributions to upholding limits on autonomy should be leveraged to implement training towards rights‐based practice standards. Most importantly, autonomy can only fully materialize if the underlying sociocultural, political, and medical contexts undergo a fundamental change.
Trends in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma mortality rate in Japan and the United States: A population‐based study
Authors: Usui Yoshiaki , Ito Hidemi , Katanoda Kota , Matsuda Tomohiro , Maeda Yoshinobu , Matsuo Keitaro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCharacterizing trends in mortality rates with consideration of trends in incidence rates at the population level could help identify unmet needs in public health and provide essential indicators of cancer control. In the late 20th century, the arrival of the first molecular targeted agent, rituximab, for non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) led to a paradigm shift in NHL treatment. However, the public health impact of this arrival has not been fully clarified. Here, we evaluated trends in the mortality and incidence rates of NHL in Japan and the United States. Age‐standardized rates of mortality reversed after the introduction of rituximab, around 2000, beginning to decline significantly with annual percent changes (95% confidence interval) of −2.6% (−3.6% to −1.6%) in Japan and − 3.9% (−4.2% to −3.5%) in the United States. Despite an increase in incidence, the mortality in all age groups weakened the upward trends or decreased in both countries. From a long‐term perspective, the trends in mortality rates differed between the countries. In the United States, the mortality rate has declined continuously since the introduction of rituximab, with a declining incidence rate. In contrast, in Japan, the mortality rate stopped declining and the incidence rate increased remarkably. The introduction of rituximab has had a substantial impact at the population level across a wide range of individuals. To reduce the disease burden in terms of mortality, elucidating risk factors that lead to a decreasing incidence rate is warranted for NHL, as well as further development of novel treatments.
Political representatives' experiences of child participation in decision‐making processes: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Juliussen Annika Karlsson , Garmy Pernilla , Olsson Ann‐Margreth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim was to explore political representatives' experiences of child participation in decision‐making processes in municipalities. Interviews were conducted with Swedish politicians (n = 7) representing four municipalities. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. Politicians had experiences in child participation and methods for involving children and young people in the practice. However, methods were not formalized within the organizations, underlining that work lies ahead to ensure children's participation in decisions that concern them. Further research should focus on methods for including child participation at the municipal level and on following the implementation of the UNCRC.
Human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing HO‐1 attenuate neural injury and enhance functional recovery by inhibiting inflammation in stroke mice
Authors: Yang Yu , Liu Qianqian , Deng Song , Shao Qian , Peng Long , Ling Yuejuan , Huang Yue , Zheng Siqi , Jiang Qiaoji , Nie Dekang , Chen Jian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsThe current evidence demonstrates that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold therapeutic potential for ischemic stroke. However, it remains unclear how changes in the secretion of MSC cytokines following the overexpression of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) impact excessive inflammatory activation in a mouse ischemic stroke model. This study investigated this aspect and provided further insights.MethodsThe middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model was established, and subsequent injections of MSC, MSCHO‐1, or PBS solutions of equal volume were administered via the mice's tail vein. Histopathological analysis was conducted on Days 3 and 28 post‐MCAO to observe morphological changes in brain slices. mRNA expression levels of various factors, including IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐17, TNF‐α, IL‐1Ra, IL‐4, IL‐10, TGF‐β, were quantified. The effects of MSCHO‐1 treatment on neurons, microglia, and astrocytes were observed using immunofluorescence after transplantation. The polarization direction of macrophages/microglia was also detected using flow cytometry.ResultsThe results showed that the expression of anti‐inflammatory factors in the MSCHO‐1 group increased while that of pro‐inflammatory factors decreased. Small animal fluorescence studies and immunofluorescence assays showed that the homing function of MSCsHO‐1 was unaffected, leading to a substantial accumulation of MSCsHO‐1 in the cerebral ischemic region within 24 h. Neurons were less damaged, activation and proliferation of microglia were reduced, and polarization of microglia to the M2 type increased after MSCHO‐1 transplantation. Furthermore, after transplantation of MSCsHO‐1, the mortality of mice decreased, and motor function improved significantly.ConclusionThe findings indicate that MSCs overexpressing HO‐1 exhibited significant therapeutic effects against hyper‐inflammatory injury after stroke in mice, ultimately promoting recovery after ischemic stroke.
Threatened fauna protections compromised by agricultural interests in Australia
Authors: Engert Jayden E. , Pressey Robert L. , Adams Vanessa M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAustralia is a global leader in land clearing and biodiversity loss. The overwhelming majority of land clearing within Australia and, globally, is driven by agricultural conversion. The importance of agricultural lands also leads to the concentration of habitat protection in landscapes that do not support productive land uses, which might contribute to species conservation in marginal habitat. Using an integrated agricultural capability map and threatened vertebrate fauna range maps, we show that observed biases in protected area location have varied impacts at the species level. Specifically, threatened vertebrate fauna with habitat capable of supporting high‐value productive lands received less protection and experienced greater habitat loss. Similarly, almost all species assessed received protection in the portions of their ranges less conducive to productive land uses. Finally, we identify regions of Australia at risk of future land clearing and the species likely to bear the brunt of the impacts. Our results demonstrate the importance of protecting land capable of supporting productive uses to conserve the most affected threatened species.
The roles of elevated temperature and carriers in the dyeing of polyester fibres using disperse dyes: Part 2. Analysis of conventional models of dye adsorption
Authors: Burkinshaw Stephen M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis review concerns the application of disperse dyes to poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres using aqueous immersion dyeing processes and the roles of both elevated dyeing temperatures and carriers in the dyeing system. The precise reasons why very high temperatures in the region of 130°C promote the uptake of disperse dyes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibres from aqueous dyebaths have not been satisfactorily resolved, nor has the exact mechanism by which carriers promote dye uptake at lower temperatures in the region of 98°C been adequately established. In this part of the review series, a detailed review and analysis is presented of the various concepts and theories that have been proposed to account for the promotional effects of temperature and carriers on disperse dye uptake, from the viewpoint of both the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the adsorption of the dyes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and other types of fibre.
Visual function in children with Joubert syndrome
Authors: Morelli Federica , Toni Federico , Saligari Elena , D'Abrusco Fulvio , Serpieri Valentina , Ballante Elena , Ruberto Giulio , Borgatti Renato , Valente Enza Maria , Signorini Sabrina ,   Developmental Neuro‐ophthalmology Study Group
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo describe visual function in children with Joubert syndrome and to investigate its possible association with diagnostic and developmental aspects.MethodThis retrospective cross‐sectional work included 59 patients (33 male; mean age 9 years 2 months, standard deviation 6 years 3 months, range 4 months to 23 years) diagnosed with Joubert syndrome from January 2002 to December 2020. Data about clinical (neurological, neuro‐ophthalmological, developmental/cognitive) and diagnostic (e.g. genetic testing, neuroimaging, systemic involvement) evaluations were collected in a data set during a review of medical records. Clinical and diagnostic variables were described in terms of raw counts and percentages. A χ2 test was conducted to investigate their association with neuropsychological skills.ResultsOcular motor apraxia was highly represented in our cohort (75%), with a high prevalence of refractive defects and retinal abnormalities. Developmental delay/intellectual disability was frequent (in 69.5% of the sample), associated with retinal dystrophy (p = 0.047) and reduced visual acuity both for near (p = 0.014) and for far distances (p = 0.017).InterpretationOn the basis of the relevance of oculomotor and perceptual alterations and their impact on overall and cognitive impairment, we encourage early and multidisciplinary assessment and follow‐up of visual function in children with Joubert syndrome. This would help in planning a personalized rehabilitation to sustain functional vision. Further studies will be important to explore the link between biological aspects and global functioning in children with Joubert syndrome.What this paper adds

Perceptual deficits and oculomotor impairments frequently coexist in Joubert syndrome.
Retinal dysfunction may be present despite the absence of funduscopic abnormalities.
Both perceptual and oculomotor impairments negatively affect cognitive development in Joubert syndrome.
Artificial inoculation and susceptibility of Pinus armandii to Dothistroma septosporum
Authors: Jánošíková Zuzana , Ondrušková Emília , Adamčíková Katarína 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDothistroma needle blight (DNB) is a serious needle disease of conifers that primarily affects pine species (Pinus spp.). Dothistroma septosporum is one of the DNB pathogens that has a diverse range of host species excluding Pinus armandii. In 15 inoculated P. armandii seedlings, D. septosporum acervuli were observed in 43 infected needles of ten seedlings with a mean disease severity of 1.11% at 25 weeks after inoculations, demonstrating the potential of D. septosporum to cause symptoms on the needles of P. armandii via artificial inoculation. The disease severity of P. armandii was similar to the positive control, Pinus nigra (median 0.75 for P. armandii to 0.70 for P. nigra), thus, P. armandii acts under artificial conditions as a susceptible host species.
International entrepreneurship without investor protection: Evidence from initial public offerings in Belgium before the First World War
Authors: Deloof Marc , Paeleman Ine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigate the financing and performance of international entrepreneurship in an environment that was characterized by severe information problems and very weak investor protection. Despite these problems, new ventures could raise large amounts of equity and debt on the Belgian capital market between 1890 and 1914. Many of these firms were international new ventures (INVs) with their main operations abroad, often far away from Belgium. We find that INVs raised much more capital but were less likely to pay a dividend than domestic new ventures (DNVs). They were less likely to issue a bond and had a higher cost of debt when operating further away from Belgium. Performance after listing was generally bad for new ventures throughout the period, but it was much worse for INVs than for DNVs. Our findings confirm contemporary arguments that unprotected, financially illiterate investors were expropriated by INV founders.
Can ESG activities stabilise IPO prices? Evidence from the Hong Kong stock market
Authors: Wang Yaopeng , Xu Morong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between economic, social, and governance (ESG) activities and initial public offering (IPO) price stabilisation actions using IPOs listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange between 2004 and 2021 as samples. We find that IPO issuers that actively conduct ESG activities have higher ESG scores, which enhances price stabilisation. Furthermore, ex‐ante volatility serves as a potential channel through which ESG activities affect price stabilisation. Providing ethical and economic implications for companies, policymakers, and investors, our findings suggest that ESG activities are vital drivers of price stabilisation.
The influence of different horseshoes and ground substrates on mid‐stance hoof orientation at the walk
Authors: Reilly Patrick T. , van Eps Andrew , Stefanovski Darko , Pfau Thilo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundHorseshoes with modified contact surfaces combined with deformable ground substrates are used to change hoof orientation during mid‐stance, for example, for therapeutic reasons.ObjectivesTo measure the effect of horseshoes and ground substrates on sagittal and transverse plane hoof orientation at mid‐stance using a dorsal hoof wall mounted triaxial accelerometer.Study designIn vivo experiment, randomised crossover design.MethodsDifferences in sagittal and transverse plane angles between standing and mid‐stance of the left front hoof of six horses walking with regular horseshoes, egg bar, toe‐wide, medial‐wide, lateral‐wide and three‐degree egg bar shoes on turf, sand and hard ground substrates were assessed with linear mixed models with horseshoe and substrate type as fixed factors (p < 0.05) for each animal.ResultsHoof angles were significantly affected by horseshoe (p < 0.001), surface (p < 0.001) and the combination (p < 0.001). The sagittal plane angle increased in deformable ground substrates at walk‐in mid‐stance on turf [mean (±standard deviation): 2.6° (±3.8°)] and on sand [2.6° (±4.1°)] across all shoes. The greatest increase was observed with egg bar shoes [turf: 4.37° (±3.82°); sand 4.69° (±3.83°)]. There was a tendency for the hoof to sink laterally into deformable ground substrates among all shoes [turf: 1.11° (±1.49°); sand: 0.93° (±1.93°)]. Medial‐wide shoes increased the lateral sinking [turf: 2.00° (±1.63°); sand: 1.79° (±1.58°)]. Lateral‐wide shoes reduced the lateral sinking on turf [0.62° (±1.26°)] and induced a marginal medial sinking on sand [−0.007° (±2.03°)].Main limitationsThe substrate properties were not quantitatively assessed, and observations were limited to front hooves at the walk. A larger sample size would be preferable.ConclusionsMid‐stance hoof orientation changes with specific combinations of shoes and ground substrates in the walking horse.
Mothers' work‐to‐family conflict, depressive symptoms, and parental role functioning: A five‐wave, cross‐lagged panel model from infancy through middle childhood
Authors: Cao Hongjian , Zhou Nan , Buehler Cheryl , Li Xiaomin , Liang Yue , Chen Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this work was to examine the potential implications of mothers' work‐to‐family conflict (WFC) for their sensitivity and provision of learning opportunities in parenting from infancy through middle childhood, with maternal depressive symptoms tested as a possible mediator.BackgroundTo inform practice more effectively, researchers need to delineate the temporal dynamics for maternal experiences of work–family interface and also elucidate their dynamic implications for parenting over the family life course.MethodFive‐wave, cross‐lagged panel models with mediators were tested using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD).ResultsAlthough little evidence was obtained with respect to the direct links, several indirect effect cascades were identified, such that WFC at an earlier wave was associated with compromised parental functioning at a later wave via increases in depressive symptoms at a middle wave, regardless of child development periods and parenting domains and being net of extensive covariates. In addition, a transactional pattern emerged for the positive link between maternal WFC and mental distress over time. A large set of supplementary analyses were also conducted to test the robustness of the identified effects and to address potential moderating roles of some key covariates (e.g., child temperament difficulty).ConclusionSuch findings highlight the importance of illuminating the temporal dynamics for the link between maternal experiences of work–family interface and parenting from a life course perspective.ImplicationsIrrespective of child development periods and parenting domains, interventions targeted at facilitating mothers' navigation of work–family challenges as well as improving their psychological well‐being appear to be ultimately beneficial for their parental role functioning.