bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entropy collapse versus entropy rigidity for Reeb and Finsler flows
Authors: Abbondandolo Alberto , Alves Marcelo R. R. , Sağlam Murat , Schlenk Felix 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOn every closed contact manifold there exist contact forms with volume one whose Reeb flows have arbitrarily small topological entropy. In contrast, for many closed manifolds there is a uniform positive lower bound for the topological entropy of (not necessarily reversible) normalized Finsler geodesic flows.
Cystine/glutamate antiporter System xc- deficiency impairs insulin secretion in mice
Authors: de Baat Axel , Meier Daniel T. , Rachid Leila , Fontana Adriano , Böni-Schnetzler Marianne , Donath Marc Y. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Glutamate-induced cytotoxicity (excitotoxicity) has been detected in pancreatic beta cells. The cystine/glutamate antiporter System xc- exports glutamate to the extracellular space and is therefore implicated as driving excitotoxicity. As of yet, it has not been investigated whether System xc- contributes to pancreatic islet function.

Methods
This study describes the implications of deficiency of System xc- on glucose metabolism in both constitutive and myeloid cell-specific knockout mice using metabolic tests and diet-induced obesity. Pancreatic islets were isolated and analysed for beta cell function, glutathione levels and ER stress.

Results
Constitutive System xc- deficiency led to an approximately threefold decrease in glutathione levels in the pancreatic islets as well as cystine shortage characterised by upregulation of Chac1. This shortage further manifested as downregulation of beta cell identity genes and a tonic increase in endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, which resulted in diminished insulin secretion both in vitro and in vivo. Myeloid-specific deletion did not have a significant impact on metabolism or islet function.

Conclusions/interpretation
These findings suggest that System xc- is required for glutathione maintenance and insulin production in beta cells and that the system is dispensable for islet macrophage function.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions and specific energy consumption of different drying techniques in pear slices
Authors: Kaveh Mohammad , Çetin Necati , Gilandeh Yousef Abbaspour- , Sharifian Faroogh , Szymanek Mariusz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, global warming, climate change, and carbon emissions have emerged due to the uncontrolled use of fossil fuels and the lack of widespread use of renewable energy sources on a global scale. This research investigated specific energy consumption (SEC) and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions (carbon dioxide [CO2] and nitrogen oxides [NOX]) during the drying of pear samples by five different types of dryers, namely, convective (CV), infrared (IR), microwave (MW), combined IR/CV, and MW/CV. Moreover, the quality properties of dried pears, such as shrinkage, rehydration (RR), and color change were determined. The results showed that the highest shrinkage (72.53%) and color change (ΔE = 33.41) values were obtained in CV drying at 50 °C and thickness of 2 mm and IR dryer 1000 W and thickness of 6 mm, respectively. The greatest rehydration rate (4.25) was also determined in MW/CV drying at 450 W and an air temperature of 60 °C. The lowest SEC was observed for the MW/CV dryer with a power of 630 W and air temperature 70 °C (20.25 MJ/kg), while the highest SEC (267.61 MJ/kg) was obtained in the CV drying (50 °C, sample thickness of 6 mm). The highest CO2 and NOX emissions (GT-GO power plant) were 280.45 and 1.55 kg/kg water in the CV dryer at 50 °C and a thickness of 6 mm. In conclusion, the increases in IR and MW power and temperatures led to reduced CO2 and NOX emissions, while the increases in sample thickness led to increase CO2 and NOX emissions.
Attitudes toward Wind Power in Norway–Solution or Problem in Renewable Energy Development?
Authors: Kaltenborn Bjørn P. , Keller Rose , Krange Olve 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWind power has become an increasingly important source of renewable energy in Norway. Current demand and production capacity have exceeded expectations stipulated in energy policies a few years back. Wind power affects landscape characteristics, and the rapid development has created considerable public conflict. However, knowledge to date about public attitudes toward wind power development in Norway is limited. We surveyed a representative sample of the Norwegian public to examine relationships between wind power development and place attachment, localization, and policies. We also examined if attitudes toward wind power are linked to broader environmental attitudes and meaning of place. Public attitudes range from strong support to strong opposition. We found limited support for NIMBY effects. Support versus opposition correlates with attitudes toward place attachment, localization of wind power plants and energy policies. We found evidence of a dichotomy between the more fundamental world views of eco-modernism versus de-growth influencing the more specific wind power attitudes. We argue that policy institutions have underestimated the power of attitude diversity in the wind power debate, and that social acceptability of future wind power development will depend on improved understanding of how social values of landscapes are impacted.
Scoring Tool to Predict Need for Early Video‐Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) After Pediatric Trauma
Authors: Kazempoor Brian , Nahmias Jeffry , Clark Isabel , Schubl Sebastian , Lekawa Michael , Swentek Lourdes , Keshava Hari B. , Grigorian Areg 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNo widely used stratification tool exists to predict which pediatric trauma patients may require a video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). We sought to develop a novel VATS‐In‐Pediatrics (VIP) score to predict the need for early VATS (within 72 h of admission) for pediatric trauma patients.MethodsThe pediatric 2017–2020 Trauma Quality Improvement Program database was used and divided into two sets (derivation set using 2017–2019 data and validation set using 2020 data). First, multiple logistic regression models were created to determine the risk of early VATS for patients ≤ 17 years old. Second, the weighted average and relative impact of each independent predictor were used to derive a VIP score. We then validated the score using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AROC) curve.ResultsFrom 218,628 patients in the derivation set, 2183 (1.0%) underwent early VATS. A total of 8 independent predictors of VATS were identified, and the VIP score was derived with scores ranging from 0 to 9. The AROC for this was 0.91. The VATS rate increased steadily from 12.5 to 32% then 60.5% at scores of 3, 4, and 6, respectively. In the validation set, from 70,316 patients, 887 (1.3%) underwent VATS, and the AROC was 0.91.ConclusionsVIP is a novel and validated scoring tool to predict the need for early VATS in pediatric trauma. This tool can potentially help hospital systems prepare for pediatric patients at high risk for requiring VATS during their first 72 h of admission. Future prospective research is needed to evaluate VIP as a tool that can improve clinical outcomes.
Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation
Authors: Seip Knut L. , Grøn Ø. , Wang H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe show that there are distinct periods when three ocean variability series in the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans persistently lead or lag each other, as well as distinct periods when ocean variability series lead the rate of changes in global temperature anomaly (∆GTA) and in atmospheric CO2 concentration (1880–2019). The superimposed lead-lag (LL) relations that can be formed from the five climate series (three ocean series, GTA and CO2), ΣLL(10), change directions or weaken synchronously at 6 years: 1900, 1926, 1965, 1977, 1997, and 2013. During the same years, the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) changes between positive ( +) and negative (-) phases, but with an additional phase shift in 1947/48. We find bi-decadal oscillations in the rate of change in global temperature, ∆GTA, during the same years. Since the hiatus periods are closely related to the cold phase (-) in PDO, the hiatus periods may also be related to global changes in ocean interactions.
Spatiotemporal patterns of rising annual plant abundance in grasslands of the Willamette Valley, Oregon (USA)
Authors: Reed Paul B. , Hallett Lauren M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Context
Plant communities are undergoing compositional changes that affect ecosystem function. These changes are not always uniform across the landscape due to heterogenous topographic and edaphic conditions. To predict areas most at risk of change, it is necessary to identify the landscape drivers affecting plant abundance.

Objectives
Annual plants are increasing across the western USA, largely driven by non-native annual invasions. Here, we quantified change in annual plant abundance and identified landscape factors contributing to that change over the past 35 years.

Methods
We focused on Willamette Valley (Oregon) grasslands because they represent a new example in this phenomenon. To understand the spatiotemporal patterns of annual plant abundances between 1986 and 2020, we combined a remote-sensing vegetation cover dataset from the rangeland analysis platform with gridded soils data and topographic variables. We determined the rate of change in percent cover for each 30 × 30 m pixel and regressed cover against heat load, soil depth and sand content for > 5975 hectares to determine areas most sensitive to rising annual cover.

Results
We found a tendency toward increasing annual cover, with a median gain of + 15% cover among significantly increasing pixels. However, change was uneven across the landscape, with annual cover increasing markedly in areas with high heat load and shallower soils.

Conclusions
We identified steep, south-facing slopes as being particularly sensitive to rising annual cover. Annual plant invasions may be lagging in this region compared to elsewhere in the western USA, but trends here suggest it may just be a matter of time.
Bionic visual navigation model for enhanced template matching and loop closing in challenging lighting environments
Authors: Xu Haidong , Yu Shumei , Sun Rongchuan , Sun Lining 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, various computational models have been proposed in neuroscience, but only a few have been utilized in robot visual navigation through engineering approaches. Besides, these engineering methods lack environmental adaptability, especially in the aspect of visual place recognition in weak or uncontrollable light fluctuations. To address this issue and enhance the performance of visual template matching and map loop closure detection in challenging lighting environments, this paper proposed a bionic visual navigation model that combines two neural network architectures, the Pulse Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) and Continuous Attractor Neural Network (CANN). In our navigation model, the visual features of the environments are encoded as temporal information by the spiking model and input into the local view cells for visual template matching. Additionally, we utilize the pose cells network, which incorporates the similarity between current and previous templates, along with odometry data, to encode spatial information and store it as an experience map. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, we conducted evaluations on datasets collected within our library, campus, and an open-source office dataset. The experimental results reveal that our algorithm increases the F1-score of template matching by approximately 10.5$$ \% $$
%
, 35.8$$ \% $$
%
, 61.7$$ \% $$
%
, and 1.9$$ \% $$
%
in each dataset, compared to the conventional RatSLAM method. Furthermore, our algorithm generates a more accurate map that closely correlates with the real-world trajectory without compromising on computation time. The results suggest that our bionic visual navigation model is reliable for both standard and extreme lighting conditions.
Merit: multi-level graph embedding refinement framework for large-scale graph
Authors: Che Weishuai , Liu Zhaowei , Wang Yingjie , Liu Jinglei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development of the Internet and big data has led to the emergence of graphs as an important data representation structure in various real-world scenarios. However, as data size increases, computational complexity and memory requirements pose significant challenges for graph embedding. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a multilevel embedding refinement framework (MERIT) based on large-scale graphs, using spectral distance-constrained graph coarsening algorithms and an improved graph convolutional neural network model that addresses the over-smoothing problem by incorporating initial values and identity mapping. Experimental results on large-scale datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of MERIT, with an average AUROC score 8% higher than other baseline methods. Moreover, in a node classification task on a large-scale graph with 126,825 nodes and 22,412,658 edges, the framework improves embedding quality while enhancing the runtime by 25 times. The experimental findings highlight the superior efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approach compared to other graph embedding methods.
Achieving Tunable Cold/Warm White-Light Emission in a Single Perovskite Material with Near-Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield
Authors: Zhou Bo , Du Aixuan , Ding Dong , Liu Zexiang , Wang Ye , Zhong Haizhe , Li Henan , Hu Hanlin , Shi Yumeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Single materials that exhibit efficient and stable white-light emission are highly desirable for lighting applications. This paper reports a novel zero-dimensional perovskite, Rb4CdCl6:Sn2+, Mn2+, which demonstrates exceptional white-light properties including adjustable correlated color temperature, high color rendering index of up to 85, and near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield of 99%. Using a co-doping strategy involving Sn2+ and Mn2+, cyan-orange dual-band emission with complementary spectral ranges is activated by the self-trapped excitons and d-d transitions of the Sn2+ and Mn2+ centers in the Rb4CdCl6 host, respectively. Intriguingly, although Mn2+ ions doped in Rb4CdCl6 are difficult to excite, efficient Mn2+ emission can be realized through an ultra-high-efficient energy transfer between Sn2+ and Mn2+ via the formation of adjacent exchange-coupled Sn–Mn pairs. Benefiting from this efficient Dexter energy transfer process, the dual emission shares the same optimal excitation wavelengths of the Sn2+ centers and suppresses the non-radiative vibration relaxation significantly. Moreover, the relative intensities of the dual-emission components can be modulated flexibly by adjusting the fraction of the Sn2+ ions to the Sn–Mn pairs. This co-doping approach involving short-range energy transfer represents a promising avenue for achieving high-quality white light within a single material.
Use of Internet of Things in the context of execution of smart city applications: a review
Authors: Rai Hari Mohan , Atik-Ur-Rehman  , Pal Aditya , Mishra Sandeep , Shukla Kaustubh Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly becoming one of the most talked-about and essential components of any digitization process. The IoT is comprised of several key necessary components, the most important of which are sensors, communication (the internet), and user interfaces for data processing. IoTs are currently finding applications in virtually every industry, including healthcare, where they are known as the internet of medical things (IoMT), industry, where they are known as the industrial internet of things (IIoT), and interconnection between people, where they are known as the internet of everything (IoE). The challenge is to leverage the Internet of Things (IoT), technology, and data to create smarter and more sustainable cities that enhance the quality of life for residents. Therefore, in this article; we have demonstrated the use of the IoT in a variety of applications for smart communities. These applications include smart transportation, smart water management, smart garbage management, smart house illumination, smart parking, smart infrastructure, etc. This research also includes an explanation of the flow process of implementing the IoT in different applications of smart communities, as well as their characteristics and particular applications. Along with their flow illustration, the stages involved in the implementation of smart city applications and the components they consist of are also displayed here. We have also taken into consideration the instances of particular cases and their implementation utilizing IoT. Some of these cases include the automated water collection methods of smart water management systems as well as the condition of the water. Based on the findings of the research, we came to the conclusion that IoT devices play an essential role in each and every one of the smart city project implementations.
Re-entry vehicle performance analysis under the control of lateral jet
Authors: Sanaka S.P. , Sharma R.K. , Ramana Murty G.V. , Durga Rao K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLateral jets are used to control the missiles and re-entry vehicles at high altitudes. The objective of the research paper is to investigate the effect of lateral jet interaction with the external flow on a blunted nose cone re-entry vehicle configuration and its flight speed. Structured mesh is used for the simulations, and the computational analysis is carried out by Ansys Fluent solver. The simulation results are validated, and the same methodology used for the parametric analysis. Simulations have been carried out at an external flow Mach number 6, 8.1, 12 and 16 at five degree angle-of-attack for jet-off and jet-on conditions. At 8.1 Mach number, the normal force coefficient is decreased by 45.6% due to jet interaction. The lateral jet interaction effectively reduces the nose down pitching moment. At 8.1 Mach number, the pitching moment coefficient was reduced by 48% with the jet-on condition compared to the jet-off condition.
Congruence in positive implicit followership theories, relational identification, and job performance: The moderating role of uncertainty avoidance
Authors: Peng Jian , Nie Qi , Chen Xiao , Zhang Zhijie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile previous research has identified the performance implications of leaders’ positive implicit followership theories (IFTs, i.e., personal expectations regarding followers’ positive characteristics), this study focuses on the effect of leader–follower congruence in positive IFTs on followers’ job performance. To test our predictions, we conducted two complementary studies. The results of Study 1 (an experiment, N = 200) show that leader–follower congruence (versus incongruence) in positive IFTs is positively related to followers’ relational identification with the leader, which, in turn, is positively related to followers’ job performance. Moreover, followers’ uncertainty avoidance strengthens this relationship. These findings were replicated in Study 2 (a three-wave survey, N = 223) through polynomial regression and response surface analysis. This study improves our understanding of IFTs by showing that leader–follower congruence in this domain is related to followers’ outcomes.
Understanding working mothers’ difficulty: From need frustration to family–work conflict
Authors: Liang Fenghua , Cai Yujie , Duan Jinyun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrevious research has primarily focused on the impact of basic psychological needs frustration on parenting styles and its effect on children. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of basic psychological needs frustration in mothers, particularly those who work full time. To fill the gap, this study explores how frustration of needs experienced by full-time working mothers in the family context relates to their experience of maternal stress and family-to-work conflict and the moderating role of financial motivation to work. In a three-wave study of 168 full-time working mothers, we discovered a positive correlation between basic psychological needs frustration and maternal stress, which in turn led to family-to-work conflict. These relationships were more pronounced among mothers with lower financial motivation to work, as opposed to those with higher. We conclude by discussing the implications of our research and suggesting areas for future study.
Initial Margin Requirements and Market Efficiency
Authors: Akbas Ferhat , Ay Lezgin , Koch Paul D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe examine the association between margin requirements and the market’s efficiency in incorporating firm-specific and market-level public news. Combining the Fed’s 22 changes in margin requirements with a hand-collected sample of earnings announcements between 1934 and 1975, we show that higher margin requirements induce greater delay in incorporating earnings information into prices. We draw similar conclusions when we analyze the Hou and Moskowitz (2005) price delay measure, as well as indirect measures of leverage constraints over recent years. Further tests suggest that, despite the Fed’s expressed intent to curtail excess speculation, higher margin requirements restrict trading by arbitrageurs more than noise traders.
GPS + Galileo + BDS-3 medium to long-range single-baseline RTK: an alternative for network-based RTK?
Authors: Ogutcu Sermet , Alcay Salih , Ozdemir Behlul Numan , Duman Huseyin , Koray Ulkunur , Konukseven Ceren , Bilal Nesibe Gül 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThanks to the development of the real-time kinematic (RTK) algorithm and the emerging Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), especially for Galileo and BeiDou-3, reliable positioning accuracy for medium and long-baseline RTK became possible globally. Moreover, with the development of the GNSS receiver hardware, baseline length limitations due to radio-based communications are removed thanks to internet-based communication. In this work, single-baseline RTK, incorporated partial ambiguity resolution with troposphere and ionosphere weighting, using GPS (G), Galileo (E), BeiDou-3 (C3) and multi-GNSS (GE and GEC3), is conducted with real GNSS data of EUREF Permanent GNSS network under three different cutoff angles (10°, 20°, and 30°) for six different lengths of baselines (~50, ~150, ~250, ~350, ~450, and ~550 km). The results show that the multi-GNSS RTK solution significantly contributed to the positioning accuracy and convergence time of the single-system RTK solutions. Based on the results, non-available epoch-wise solutions for the high-degree cutoff angles are more obvious for the single-system RTK, whereas multi-GNSS solutions provide 100% solutions for each cutoff angle and baseline. The results indicate that instantaneous and a few epochs single-epoch ambiguity resolution is feasible for 50, 150, 250 and 350 km baseline lengths for multi-GNSS RTK. Based on the positioning results, horizontal–vertical positioning improvements of multi-GNSS RTK (GEC3) compared with the single-system GPS RTK are found as 50%–37%, 40%–35%, 55%–47%, 53%–54%, 57%–49% and 57%–49% for 50, 150, 250, 350, 450 and 550 km, respectively, under a 10° cutoff angle. For 20° and 30° cutoff angles, the accuracy improvements are much higher. The convergence time improvements (n/e/u) of multi-GNSS RTK (GEC3) compared with the single-system GPS RTK are found as 86/92/75%, 77/67/72%, 75/77/83%, 53/56/52%, 69/49/62%, and 52/45/39% for 50, 150, 250, 350, 450 and 550 km, respectively, under a 10° cutoff angle.