bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 retreats and world recovers: A silver lining in the dark cloud
Authors: Bisen Amol Chhatrapati , Agrawal Sristi , Sanap Sachin Nashik , Ravi Kumar Heamanth Ganesan , Kumar Nelam , Gupta Rajdeep , Bhatta Rabi Sankar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), which the World Health Organization classified as the Sixth Public Health Emergency Of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020, is no longer a PHEIC. Millions were affected due to unawareness. The increase in fatalities and shortage of medicine was the first outrage of COVID‐19. As per the Johns Hopkins COVID‐19 resource center database, it was observed that the disease has spread dynamically across 200+ nations worldwide affecting more than 600 million people from 2019 to 2023, and over thousands of people were victimized regularly at a 2% mortality rate (approx.). In the midway, the mutant variants of concern like omicron, and delta have also created havoc and caused significant impact on public health, global economy, and lifestyle. Since 2019, 3 years now passed and the dynamic disease statistics seem decelerated; moreover, the prevalence of COVID‐19 is also fading. The Johns Hopkins resource center has also stopped recording the data of the global pandemic recently from March 10, 2023. Hence, based on the facts, we are presenting a concise report on the pandemic from 2019 to 2023, which includes a brief discussion of the global pandemic. We have highlighted global epidemiology, emphasizing the Indian COVID scenario, vaccination across the globe, and the psychosocial and geopolitical consequences of COVID‐19 with a brief background to pathology, clinical management, and the worldwide response against triage. A lot has changed and still needs to change after three tough years of COVID‐19. Even though science has progressed and advanced research in medicine is pointing toward future generations, there is no standard care supplied for COVID‐19‐like calamities. COVID‐19 cases might have declined but its influence on the society is still stagnant. This COVID experience has taught us that, despite our bleak beginnings, there is always hope for the future and that we must act with foresight to improve things for future generations.
A sociotechnical systems analysis of aircraft aerodynamic stall events
Authors: Sturgess Erinn , Parnell Katie J. , Wynne Rachael A. , Plant Katherine L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn 2009, Colgan Air Flight 3407 had a fatal crash in New York due to an aircraft aerodynamic stall. Previous reports had placed the actions of the crew as the cause of the incident; however, this work provides a sociotechnical systems analysis of the events that led up to the fatal accident. An Accimap analysis provides a top‐down systemic analysis of Flight 3407, considering the high‐level governmental and regulatory agencies involvement. An online survey with 47 airline pilots provides a bottom‐up review of pilots’ perceptions and decision‐making in response to aerodynamic stall events. Combining the two approaches generates a holistic approach to managing aerodynamic stall events. Analysis of Flight 3407 identified contributory factors within the higher regulatory and company levels. Furthermore, questions of appropriate training were raised by the pilots within the survey results regarding the immediate response to a stall event which commonly affords a startle and/or surprise response. The impact of “startle and surprise” on the pilots’ response to this situation was identified as a key area to focus on, with design and training recommendations provided. We consider these within the context of recent training recommendations in the industry.
Effects of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine polysulfides on periodontitis in a mouse model
Authors: Sun Xinxin , Sun Yaru , Cao Sumin , Liu Xueli 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolysulfides are reported to be involved in various important biological processes. N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine polysulfide with 2 sulfane sulfur atoms (NAC‐S2) regulates diverse toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways. Here, we aimed to determine the role of NAC‐S2 in periodontitis and explore the potential mechanism.MethodsA periodontitis mouse model was established by ligating the subgingival between the first and second molars in wild‐type, TLR4‐/‐, and Myd88‐/‐ mice.ResultsNAC‐S2 did not affect the proportion of macrophages (CD11b+F4/80+) or neutrophils (CD11b+GR‐1+) in the bone marrow. Mechanically, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), Zymosan A, or poly I: C induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)‐6, and IL‐1β expression in bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) could be inhibited by NAC‐S2. On the other hand, NAC‐S2 suppressed the phosphorylation levels of IκB‐α, p65, and IκB kinase (IKK)‐β induced by LPS in BMDMs, while LPS induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and transforming growth factor β‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1) could not be affected by NAC‐S2. In wild‐type periodontitis mice, NAC‐S2 administration decreased the cemento‐enamel‐junction–alveolar bone crest (CEJ‐ABC) distance and the relative mRNA expression of TNF, IL‐6, and IL‐1β, while such phenomena could not be observed in TLR4 deficiency or Myd88 deficiency mice.ConclusionsAll of these results indicate that NAC‐S2 ameliorates TLR4/NF‐κB pathway mediated inflammation in mouse periodontitis model.
The correlation between human papillomavirus and oral lichen planus: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Agha‐Hosseini Farzaneh , Hafezi Motlagh Kimia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionOral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with cell‐induced immunopathological responses and is considered a potential malignancy disorder in the oral cavity. Due to the high prevalence of OLP as well as the potential for malignancy, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) may play an important role in it. Although previous studies have explored the possible relationship between HPV and OLP, the findings have been conflicting and nonconclusive. This study aims to review the studies that investigated HPV‐16 and HPV‐18 in OLP.Methods and MaterialsThe research protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA2020) checklist. The online databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane were searched using the following individual keywords: “OLP” OR “Oral Lichen Planus” OR “HPV” OR “Human Papillomavirus.” The search strategy resulted in the selection of 80 articles. The articles were evaluated, and after duplication removal, 53 abstracts were reviewed, resulting in the selection of 25 studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The risk of bias assessment was done by using the Modified Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale. The overall prevalence of HPV in OLP lesions varied from 2.7% to 70%, depending on the type of diagnostic method used.ConclusionDespite the studies conducted on the relationship between OLP and HPV infection, there is still no conclusive evidence that HPV can play a role in the etiopathogenesis of OLP, either in clinical manifestations or in the malignant transformation of lesions.
Improvement of neurological recovery in the insomnia rats by Warming Yang Strategy through targeting SIRT4 by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Rao Kaihua , Li Zhengfeng , Huang Chunhua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe incidence rate of insomnia is increasing, but the mechanism of it remains unclear. Warming Yang Strategy (WY) is a kind of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and it is proved to be effective in treating insomnia patients. The insomnia animal was established with chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). Morris water maze and open field test were performed to evaluate the influence of WY on the neurological recovery of insomnia rats. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry were used to measure apoptosis level. WY promoted the neurological recovery in the insomnia rats through Morris water maze and open field test evaluation. The increase of γ‐aminobutyric acid, dopamine, 5‐hydroxytryptamine, and norepinephrine caused by WY was suppressed by siSIRT4. The decrease of apoptosis and inflammation factors expression induced by WY was promoted by siRNA‐SIRT4 (siSIRT4). WY improve neurological recovery in the insomnia rats through SIRT4 by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. This research might provide a novel insight for the prevention and treatment of insomnia through targeting SIRT4.
How does monetary policy moderate the influence of economic complexity and technological innovation on environmental sustainability? The role of green central banking
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Satrovic Elma 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe debate on whether central banks should consider climate change risks in their mandate could reach some informed consensus given it is explicit how monetary policy, directly and indirectly, interacts with environmental sustainability. To unriddle this issue, we touch upon a novel perspective by exploring how monetary policy moderates the influence of economic complexity and technological innovation on energy productivity and carbon productivity in the presence of the labour force participation ratio, trade openness, financial inclusion, and GDP. Our study builds upon the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) structure, considering the Group of Seven (G7) countries as the analytical laboratory over the 1995–2019 period. The principal outcomes based on the novel Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) are as follows: A higher level of economic complexity is associated with enhanced environmental sustainability. In addition, technological innovation is beneficial to environmental sustainability, especially across countries reporting moderate levels of environmental sustainability. Considering the direct impact, contractionary monetary policy deteriorates environmental sustainability, while expansionary monetary policy promotes it for green central banking in place. Regarding the moderating impacts, expansionary monetary policy is unveiled to manifest beneficial environmental impacts of economic complexity and technological innovation, provided that inflationary pressures remain under control. Based on our findings, it is recommended to formulate a monetary policy inclusive of climate‐related risks to capitalize on the environmentally favourable impacts of economic complexity and technological innovation. Finally, the monetary expansions keeping the inflationary pressures under control would benefit environmental sustainability.
Retinal vessel segmentation to diagnose diabetic retinopathy using fundus images: A survey
Authors: Radha K. , Karuna Yepuganti 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiabetes can cause damage to the retina's blood vessels in the eye leading to diabetic retinopathy (DR). The images captured using a fundus camera are used to segment and study the blood vessel damage. Once the retina is damaged, it cannot be repaired. Therefore, early detection of blood vessel damage is the only way to control the progression of the disease. It allows physicians to provide timely and appropriate treatment to patients. The ophthalmologist can manually recognize and mark these vessels based on some clinical and geometrical features; however, it is time‐consuming. Extraction and segmentation play a significant role in showing the difference between healthy and newly developed abnormal vessels. Due to the increased diabetes population, automated systems have been designed to detect retinal blood vessels and assist ophthalmologists. Identifying, extracting, and examining blood vessels are intricate processes, specifically identifying new vessels in the retina. In medical image analysis, artificial intelligence and deep learning techniques have become widely used practices for automatic retinal blood vessel segmentation. We reviewed articles from 1989 to 2023, including handcrafted segmentation to recent deep‐learning techniques with available public datasets. We have concluded this article with an overview of observed parameters, calculations, and future directions for the analysis of retinal images. We believe this review article will help researchers identify research gaps in the field of DR.
Depth‐resolved method for attenuation coefficient calculation from optical coherence tomography data for improved biological structure visualization
Authors: Moiseev Alexander , Sherstnev Evgeny , Kiseleva Elena , Achkasova Ksenia , Potapov Arseniy , Yashin Konstantin , Sirotkina Marina , Gelikonov Grigory , Matkivsky Vasily , Shilyagin Pavel , Ksenofontov Sergey , Bederina Evgenia , Medyanik Igor , Zagaynova Elena , Gladkova Natalia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising tool for intraoperative tissue morphology determination. Several studies suggest that attenuation coefficient derived from the OCT images, can differentiate between tissues of different morphology, such as normal and pathological structures of the brain, skin, and other tissues. In the present study, the depth‐resolved method for attenuation coefficient calculation was adopted for the real‐world situation of the depth‐dependent OCT sensitivity and additive imaging noise with nonzero mean. It was shown that in the case of sharp focusing (~10 μm spot full width at half maximum [FWHM] or smaller at 1.3 μm central wavelength) only the proposed method for depth‐dependent sensitivity compensation does not introduce misleading artifacts into the calculated attenuation coefficient distribution. At the same time, the scanning beam focus spot with FWHM greater than 10 μm at 1.3 μm central wavelength allows one to use multiple approaches to the attenuation coefficient calculation without introducing noticeable bias. This feature may hinder the need for robust corrections for the depth‐resolved attenuation coefficient estimations from the community.
Site‐selective heterodimerization of antibody fragments for bispecific antibody complexes enabled by divinylpyrimidine reagent
Authors: Lo Wen‐Cheng , Kawade Sachin Kisan , Kuo Wen‐Hua , Adak Avijit K. , Lin Chun‐Cheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundBispecific Abs (BsAbs) are useful class of Ab‐based drugs but with difficulty to fabricate them.AimsCross‐linking two Abs by click chemistry.Materials & MethodsBis‐alkynylated divinylpyrimidine (DVP) was synthesized and incorporated into an Ab, which was then cross‐linked with azido‐modified Ab to produce BsAb.ResultsThe heterodimeric anti‐PD‐L1‐HER2 BsAbC was prepared by CuAAC and its formation was confirmed by SDS‐PAGE. BsAbC was purified by biotinylated HER2 antigen coated magnetic bead and was used to fabricate a microarray. In the microarray binding assay, the heterodimeric anti‐PD‐L1‐HER2 BsAbC showed binding activity with PD‐L1 and HER2 antigens.DiscussionThis study represents the first proof‐of‐concept that bis‐alkynylated DVP crosslinker reagent can be used for conjugating half‐antibody fragments site‐selectively by CuAAC. A preliminary characterization revealed that this reagent predominantly incorporates a bioorthogonal functional handle into the desired half‐antibody fragments with minor amounts of a re‐bridged full‐length antibody.ConclusionThis study highlights the utility of DVP crosslinker reagents and validates the use of these molecules for the rapid assembly of switchable complex antibody bioconjugates that enables the control of the intended function of fabricated BsAbC.
Investigation of the effects of some pesticides on carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes
Authors: Baltacı Aybike , Cıkrıkcı Kubra , Gençer Nahit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of some pesticides known to have harmful effects on human health on carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes. Therefore, carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (hCA I and II) were purified from human erythrocytes. The isoenzymes were purified from human erythrocytes by using an affinity column that has the chemical structure of Sepharose‐4B‐4‐(6‐amino‐hexyloxy)‐benzenesulfonamide. The purity of the isoenzymes was checked by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDSPAGE). It was determined that the pesticides used in this study inhibit hCA I and hCA II isoenzymes at different levels in vitro. It was determined that the strongest inhibitor for the hCA I enzyme was Carbofuran (IC50:6.52 μM; Ki: 3.58 μM) and the weakest one was 1‐Naphtol (IC50:16.55 μM; Ki: 14.4 μM) among these pesticides. It was also found that the strongest inhibitor for the hCA II enzyme was coumatetralil (IC50:5.06 μM; Ki: 1.62 μM) and the weakest one was Dimethachlor (IC50 14.6 μM; Ki: 8.44 μM).
Self‐assembled multienzyme complex facilitates synthesis of glucosylglycerol from maltodextrin and glycerol
Authors: Sun Xinming , Zhang Tong , Liu Yinlu , Chen Peng , Qin Huimin , Yang Jiangang , Sun Yuanxia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCompound 2‐O‐α‐d‐glucosylglycerol (2αGG) naturally serves as a compatible osmolyte in acclimation to environmental stresses, such as high osmolarity, dryness, and extreme temperature. It presents several bioactivities and has been used in the food, agriculture, and cosmetics areas.RESULTSIn the present study, we attempted to synthesize the 2αGG from low‐cost maltodextrin and glycerol by constructing an in vitro multi‐enzyme system. The system contained two core enzymes, namely glucan phosphorylases (GPs) and glucosylglycerol phosphorylases (GGPs), and two auxiliary enzymes, namely isoamylase and 4‐α‐glucanotransferase. Several new GGPs from different organisms were characterized with the function of converting α‐G1P and glycerol to sole stereo‐configuration product 2αGG. Then, polypeptide SpyTag‐SpyCatcher was employed to construct a self‐assembled multienzyme complex, and different combinations between enzymes and peptides were constructed and tested. The best self‐assembled multienzyme complex exhibited three‐fold higher productivity compared to that of free enzyme. This reaction system also produced 240 mm (61 g L−1) 2αGG under high substrate concentration, with a conversion yield of 86%.CONCLUSIONThe present study provides an efficient approach for producing 2αGG. It also demonstrates that the SpyTag‐SpyCatcher system could be applied to construct other multienzyme complexes for increased productivity and product titer. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of quercetin and genistein on egg quality, lipid profiles, and immunity in laying hens
Authors: Wei Yi , Liu Yongfa , Li Guang , Guo Yuming , Zhang Bingkun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAfter the peak laying stage, laying hens become susceptible to lipid accumulation and inflammatory reactions. The objective of this experiment was to examine the impact of quercetin and genistein on egg quality and lipid profiles in laying hens. A total of 240 Hy‐Line Brown hens were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments. Each treatment had eight replicates, with ten hens in each replicate, and the hens were aged between 46 and 56 weeks. The test diets consisted of a corn–soybean meal‐based basal diet, a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg kg−1 quercetin, and a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg kg−1 quercetin and 40 mg kg−1 genistein.RESULTSResults showed that, separately, supplemental quercetin significantly improved egg quality (eggshell strength, albumen height, and Haugh unit, P < 0.05) and reduced the deposition of abdominal fat (P < 0.05). Our findings also showed that, separately or as a combination, supplemental quercetin and genistein significantly increased eggshell thickness (P < 0.05), decreased the levels of lipids in serum (low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, total triglycerides, and non‐esterified fatty acids, P < 0.05) and significantly increased serum immunoglobulins A and G (P < 0.05), and promoted the expression of splenic immune‐related genes (IgA and IL‐4, P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThis study confirmed that supplemental quercetin and genistein, either separately or in combination, can enhance eggshell thickness, lipid profiles, and immune function in aging hens. Moreover, both quercetin alone and quercetin + genistein exhibited similar abilities to lower lipid levels and improve immune function. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Land pressure evaluation in the Yangtze River Delta region: A perspective from production‐living‐ecology
Authors: Yu Ziqi , Chen Longqian , Zhang Ting , Li Long , Yuan Lina , Teng Gan , Xiao Jue , Shi Shuai , Chen Longgao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe limited land is under unprecedented pressure from production, living, and ecology. For evaluating the land pressure in the Yangtze River Delta region in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 from the perspective of production, living, and ecology, this study builds a land pressure evaluation index system based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model using multisource and multiscale data. For investigating trade‐offs and synergies among production, living, and ecology pressures, we use the mechanical equilibrium model in physics. We then analyze land pressure model reliability and uncertainty using Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that (1) Our model can effectively reveal the level of land pressure and reflect the land pressure geographical pattern of “high in the east and low in the west, high in the south and low in the north” that characterizes the Yangtze River Delta region. (2) While living and ecology pressures tend to rise, production pressures tend to decrease. (3) Except for Shanghai, the trade‐off areas are primarily concentrated in economically successful regions with high production and living pressure and low ecology pressure. The coordinated areas are primarily found in northern Jiangsu Province and northern Anhui Province.
Causality between COVID‐19 and female reproductive function: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Xu Jixue , Liang Junzhi , Hao Mingjun , Yu Yuexin , Wei Jingzan , Fang Yuanyuan , Na Zhijing , Li Da 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has experienced a global pandemic, and currently, the emergence of its variants has posed challenges in terms of prevention and treatment. Nonetheless, the effect of COVID‐19 infection on female reproductive function is unclear. This study aimed to systematically evaluate for the first time the causal effect of COVID‐19 on female reproductive function. Genetic correlations were assessed using linkage disequilibrium score regression. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using summary statistics of two variables, including COVID‐19 severity and eight female reproductive traits. The three degrees of severity had genetically significant associations with sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations (rg = –0.153, p = 0.004; rg = –0.187, p < 0.001; rg = –0.180, p = 0.003). Additionally, MR showed that SHBG (β = –0.020, p = 0.040) and total testosterone levels (β = –0.061, p = 0.009) followed a decreasing trend, as the COVID‐19 infection higher. No significant genetic association was found between COVID‐19 infection and total estradiol concentrations, menstruation, and female infertility. Simultaneously, MR found no causal relationships between COVID‐19 infection and total estradiol concentrations, menstruation, and female infertility (all p > 0.05). In conclusion, COVID‐19 was causally associated with lower SHBG and total testosterone concentrations, offering invaluable insights that will help guide clinical decision‐making.