bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postconcussion Symptoms and Neuropsychological Performance in Athletes: A Literature Review
Authors: Ahmed By Zoubair , Benton Angela H. , Serra-Jovenich Michael , Toldi James P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neuropsychological assessment is a common part of concussion evaluation and plays an important role within the context of a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to managing sports-related concussion. A literature review has shown an assortment of cognitive domains used for evaluation of PCS with their corresponding tests. This review focuses on the various cognitive domains following single or multiple TBIs in athletes. Decreases in memory, executive function, language, psychomotor function, and self-reported cognitive function reached statistical significance in concussed athletes versus controls. Length of time since onset of symptoms correlated with worse memory function in chronic concussion athletes and more headache symptoms correlated with a worse outcome as well. However, some treatments are shown to be beneficial for restoration of cognitive function. When analyzing these results, it is imperative to be cognizant of the bias in the current literature. Further well-designed studies are needed to replicate these findings in larger more diverse samples.
Training and Practice Settings of Physicians Dual-Certified in Emergency and Sports Medicine
Authors: Monseau Aaron J. , Balcik Brenden J. , Negaard Matthew , Lilly Christa , Hogrefe Christopher P. , Gould Sara , Odom Mitchell J. , Guyer Christopher , Davenport Moira , Chow Yvonne , Feden Jeffrey P. , Waterbrook Anna L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Survey study of training and practice paradigms and job satisfaction of dual-boarded emergency medicine (EM) and sports medicine (SM) physicians. The REDCap survey was sent to 193 American Board of EM members who hold a Certificate of Added Qualification in SM. A total of 124 EM/SM physicians responded (67.5% male). More than 70% completed three-year residencies while only 28.5% had an EM/SM residency faculty. One-quarter delayed fellowship after residency 6.45 years on average. Regarding their first job after fellowship, 27.6% practiced only EM, 54.5% practiced both EM and SM, and 12.2% practiced only SM. Regarding their current job, 29.1% practice only EM. 47.3% practice both EM and SM, and 20.9% practice only SM. Only 13.9% and 9.9% indicated they are unhappy with their first job and current job, respectively. There is significant variability in practice settings for EM/SM physicians with the overwhelming majority being happy with their career choices.
Trends in the Sports Medicine Match: An Analysis of the National Resident Matching Program Data from 2010 to 2021
Authors: Zaremski Jason L. , Waterbrook Anna L. , Monseau Aaron J. , Kliethermes Stephanie A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sports medicine (SM) fellowship training has become popular among residents. Thus, an analysis was undertaken to assess data on matching rates from 2010 to 2021. The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in SM fellowship applications using National Resident Matching Program data. Retrospective study with analysis of applicants applying into accredited SM fellowships between 2010 and 2021. The number of accredited programs and fellowship positions have more than doubled from 2010 to 2021. There was a significant increase in match rates over time (P < 0.001); match rates were at 70% or below prior to 2015 and above 70% after 2015. The average number of applicants per position stayed consistent. The number of Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine applicants increased 110% whereas the number of U.S. born foreign and non-U.S. citizen applicants decreased 20.8%. SM fellowship training has increased since 2010. Acceptance rates and number of applicants have increased over time because of the growth in fellowship programs and accredited positions.
Spatio-temporal characteristics of Tuberculosis in Ghana
Authors: Iddrisu Abdul-Karim , A. Amikiya Emmanuel , Kwame Bukari Francis 
Published: January 2023

Background: The number of Tuberculosis (TB) cases or deaths is declining, however, the rate of decline is not adequate to meet the World Health Organization's (WHO's) mitigation. TB remains a public health problem in Ghana with a significant economic and health burden on its citizens and health care system. Consequently, there is a need for further studies about the disease aimed at accelerating the rate of decline in cases. Methods: The spatio-temporal characteristics of TB in Ghana using Bayesian spatial and spatio-temporal regression models was analysed in this study. Data were obtained from Ghana National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) for the 10 regions of Ghana, collected over a six-year period. The study also examines some baseline predictors of TB infections to ascertain their effects on the TB risk across the ten regions in Ghana. Results: Hot-spots of TB cases are observed in the Upper East, Upper West, Volta, Western, and Central regions and low risk in the Northern, Ashanti, Greater Accra, Brong Ahafo, Eastern and Western regions. The results indicated a clustering of risk between neighboring regions. TB cure rate, TB success rate, knowledge about TB, awareness that TB is airborne, HIV prevalence, percentage of literacy, and high income are important predictors of detection for this disease across the ten regions of Ghana. Conclusion: Most regions in Ghana have similar TB risks. A substantial reduction in TB cases requires measures that will increase detection, success and cure rates, awareness, knowledge about how this disease spreads as well adequate health facilities with easy access.
Study protocol for a systematic review of the social determinants of mental health and well-being of older migrants aged 50 years and above
Authors: Bhatia Pankhuri , McLaren Helen , Huang Yunong 
Published: January 2023

Background: Migration is a milestone event in a person’s life, bringing with it the challenges of settling down in an unfamiliar environment. The age at which migration takes place and the way migrants negotiate their old and new world significantly impacts their mental health. Thus, this systematic review seeks to analyse and summarize existing research detailing the contexts in which people migrate later in life and the associations between these contexts and social determinants of their mental health and well-being. Methods: Seven databases including PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, Applied Social Sciences Index, Abstracts: ASSIA, Ageline, CINAHL, and Informit will be searched systematically for original journal articles published in English. In the first screening stage, the first reviewer (PB) will screen all titles and abstracts and mark all potentially eligible texts for full-text screening. The second reviewer (HM) will review the decisions made. Any potential conflicts will be resolved with discussion. Afterward, full texts of potentially eligible studies will be assessed for eligibility by two reviewers (PB and HM). The methodological quality (or risk of bias) of individual studies will be appraised using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. The thematic synthesis of the data will be performed using a hybrid approach incorporating deductive (framed against the social determinants of health using intersectionality as a lens) and inductive data-driven processes. The review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (Reg: CRD42022359881).
­Pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat uncomplicated malaria in breastfeeding mother-infant pairs: An observational pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Nakijoba Ritah , Nakayiwa Kawuma Aida , Ojara Francis Williams , Tabwenda Jovia C. , Kyeyune Jacqueline , Turyahabwe Christine , Asiimwe Simon Peter , Magoola Johnson , Banda Clifford George , Castelnuovo Barbara , Buzibye Allan , Waitt Catriona 
Published: January 2023

Background: Data surrounding the exposure of the breastfed infant to drugs and any associated risks are sparse. Drugs are transferred to milk in small quantities, and many have been used without obviously noticeable infant toxicity for many years – this lack of a ‘safety signal’ has further reduced the interest in studying mother-to-infant transfer of the drugs. In sub-Saharan Africa, pregnant women are at risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection, and one in four women have evidence of placental infection at the time of delivery. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), primarily artemether-lumefantrine (AL), are the current first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, with the same dosing recommendations in breastfeeding women as those in the adult population. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is routinely used as an alternative to AL in Uganda. However, lactation pharmacokinetics (PK) of ACTs are unknown. Pharmacokinetic characterization of anti-malarial transfer to breast milk and breastfed infants is crucial in understanding the potential consequences to the infant, in terms of therapeutic- and prophylactic effects as well as potential toxicity. Methods: This observational study will enroll 30 mother-infant pairs, and aims to characterize the breastmilk transfer of antimalarial medications (AL and DP) to infants when these ACTs are administered to mothers as part of treatment for uncomplicated malaria. In addition, we will assess the mental health of the breastfeeding mothers enrolled as well as the well-being of their children. PK samples of maternal blood, breastmilk and breastfeeding infant’s blood will be obtained at specific times points. Pharmacokinetic data will be analyzed using a population pharmacokinetic approach. Conclusions: We anticipate that findings from this research will guide to develop a PK model describing lumefantrine and piperaquine disposition and will provide a framework to foster other lactation pharmacokinetic studies in different disease areas.
Solving Unsplittable Network Flow Problems with Decision Diagrams
Authors: Salemi Hosseinali , Davarnia Danial 
Published: January 2023

In unsplittable network flow problems, certain nodes must satisfy a combinatorial requirement that the incoming arc flows cannot be split or merged when routed through outgoing arcs. This so-called no-split no-merge requirement arises in unit train scheduling where train consists should remain intact at stations that lack necessary equipment and manpower to attach/detach them. Solving the unsplittable network flow problems with standard mixed-integer programming formulations is computationally difficult due to the large number of binary variables needed to determine matching pairs between incoming and outgoing arcs of nodes with no-split no-merge constraint. In this paper, we study a stochastic variant of the unit train scheduling problem where the demand is uncertain. We develop a novel decision diagram (DD)-based framework that decomposes the underlying two-stage formulation into a master problem that contains the combinatorial requirements and a subproblem that models a continuous network flow problem. The master problem is modeled by a DD in a transformed space of variables with a smaller dimension, leading to a substantial improvement in solution time. Similar to the Benders decomposition technique, the subproblems output cutting planes that are used to refine the master DD. Computational experiments show a significant improvement in solution time of the DD framework compared with that of standard methods. History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on Emerging Topics in Transportation Science and Logistics. Funding: This work was supported by the Iowa Energy Center [Grant 20IEC005]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.1194 .
Simulation and design of a high-speed and high-power modified uni-traveling carrier photodiode based on the electric field distribution in the depletion region
Authors: Wang Xuejie , Huang Yongqing , Ren Ren , Du Jiawei , Yang Mingxi , Liu Kai , Duan Xiaofeng , Ren Xiaomin 
Published: January 2023

A modified uni-traveling carrier photodiode with an electric field control layer is proposed to achieve high-speed and high-power performance at a lower bias voltage. By inserting the 10 nm p-type InGaAs electric field control layer between the intrinsic absorption layer and space layer, the electric field distribution in the depleted absorption layer and depleted non-absorption layer can be changed. It is beneficial for reducing power consumption and heat generation, meanwhile suppressing the space-charge effect. Compared with the original structure without the electric field control layer, the 3 dB bandwidth of the 20 µm diameter novel structure, to the best of our knowledge, is improved by 27.1% to 37.5 GHz with a reverse bias of 2 V, and the RF output power reaches 23.9 dBm at 30 GHz. In addition, under 8 V bias voltage, the bandwidth reaches 47.3 GHz.
Joint equalization of EEPN, RSOP, and CD with the sliding window assisted extended Kalman filter for a high baud rate Stokes vector direct detection system
Authors: Cao Lingguo , Xu Hengying , Sun Zukai , Bai Chenglin , Cui Nan , Zhang Yining , Yang Lishan , Sun Weibin , Bi Yanfeng 
Published: January 2023

Equalization-enhanced phase noise (EEPN) has emerged as one of the major impairments that cannot be ignored for a high baud rate Stokes vector direct detection (SVDD) system. When EEPN interacts with the rotation of state-of-polarization (RSOP) and chromatic dispersion (CD), the joint impairment effects become even more complicated. To achieve the joint equalization of EEPN, RSOP, and CD impairments of a high baud rate SVDD system, this paper first derives a joint impairment model of these three kinds of impairments, and then proposes a joint equalization scheme of EEPN, RSOP, and CD with a sliding window assisted extended Kalman filter (SWA-EKF). The SWA-EKF scheme first tracks RSOP in the time domain, subsequently compensates CD in the frequency domain, and finally performs EEPN mitigation in the time domain again. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme has been verified by a 60 GBaud SVDD-16QAM simulation system. The results show that when these three impairments are jointly equalized, the SWA-EKF scheme can track RSOP as fast as 3 Mrad/s, cumulative dispersion up to 1600 ps/nm, and EEPN caused by laser linewidth up to 3 MHz. In addition, with an optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty of 0.3 dB, it could increase 35 G baud rate under 3 MHz laser linewidth for the SVDD system. More importantly, its total complexity can be reduced to an order of

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Properties of Ni-Al2O3 composite coating by laser-assisted pulse electrodeposition
Authors: Miao Xu , Zhang Haiyun , Zhao Yugang , Han Xingang , Lin Weisheng , Jiang Guangfen , Meng Jianbing , Zhang Zengbo , Zhang Jinjian 
Published: January 2023

To study the influence of laser process parameters on the surface properties of the coating,

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composite coatings on 304 stainless-steel sheets with laser-assisted pulsed electrodeposition was proposed in this paper. Laser single pulse energy and scanning speed were selected as research factors. Single-factor experiments were performed to investigate the effect of various factors on the surface morphology, particle mass fraction, microhardness, surface roughness, and corrosion resistance of the composite coating. The experimental results show that the surface properties of the composite coating first increase and then decrease with increasing laser single pulse energy. When the laser single pulse energy is 11 µJ, the minimum surface roughness value is 0.380 µm with a smooth and uniform coating surface and the best surface morphology. Moreover, as the scanning speed increases, the corrosion resistance of the composite coating initially increases and then decreases. The corrosion resistance of the composite coatings is best with a scanning speed of 1000 mm/s. When the scanning speed was 1500 mm/s, the particle mass fraction in the coating reached a maximum of 1.984%; meanwhile, the highest hardness of the composite coating was obtained with the value of 476.38 HV.
Output characteristics of distributed feedback 3.0 terahertz quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Luo Jiawen , Jiang Tao , Zhan Zhiqiang , Wang Xuemin , Yang Qi , Chen Fengwei , Zou Ruijiao , Li Jia , Zeng Yong , Wu Weidong , Xu Lixin 
Published: January 2023

Distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers lased at 3.0 THz were prepared and their output performance was analyzed. The optimized grating parameters were obtained by theoretical analyses. Single-mode emission was obtained and a maximum output power of more than 166 mW at 15 K was achieved. The corresponding threshold current density was

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, and the side-mode suppression ratio was more than 15 dB. By changing the input voltage, the frequency was stable with a variation of less than 3 GHz. A beam with obviously fast and slow axis features was observed. Further improvement and the potential application of distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers are discussed.
Magnetic composite fluid optimization for KDP crystal polishing based on a D-optimal mixture design
Authors: Yu XiaoLuo , Yang Wei , Chen ChaoXu , Zhu FanWei 
Published: January 2023

The potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal is a kind of electro-optical nonlinear optical crystal with excellent performance, and has attracted much attention from researchers due to its wide application prospects. Some KDP processing techniques have been developed, but polishing KDP with a magnetic composite fluid (MCF) has not been reported, to our knowledge. Accordingly, first, taking the water solubility of KDP into account, a non-water-based MCF is developed based on previous research. Then, orthogonal experiments are used to determine optimal processing parameters of MCF. Finally, a D-optimal mixture design is used to establish a mathematical model of the influence of each component factor on surface roughness, and the ratio of key components in MCF is optimized. The results show that the theoretical optimum ratio is 20 wt.% base liquid (lauryl alcohol and Triton X-100), 39.962 wt.% carbonyl iron particles, and 25.038 wt.%

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. The KDP surface roughness (Ra) after 60 min of polishing converges to 7.5 nm, consistent with expected estimates, indicating that the formulation optimized by this method is effective and reliable.
Fluorescence lifetime distribution in phakic and pseudophakic healthy eyes
Authors: Dysli Chantal , Dysli Muriel , Wolf Sebastian , Zinkernagel Martin 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
To investigate the influence of the lens status and to describe fundus autofluorescence lifetimes (FLT) in a large cohort of healthy eyes across a wide age range.

Materials and methods
FLT data were acquired from healthy phakic and pseudophakic eyes using fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO). Retinal autofluorescence was excited with a 473 nm laser and emitted autofluorescence was detected in a short and a long spectral channel (SSC: 498–560 nm; LSC: 560–720 nm).

Results
141 healthy eyes from 141 participants (56 ± 18 years) were included. The shortest mean FLTs were measured within the macular center, followed by the temporal inner and outer ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) grid segments, and the remaining areas of the inner and the outer ETDRS ring. In phakic participants (81%), mean, short and long FLTs correlated with the age (SSC: r2 = 0.54; LSC: r2 = 0.7; both p<0.0001) with an increase of about 33 ps in the SSC resp. 28 ps in the LSC per decade. In pseudophakic subjects (19%), mean FLTs only correlated with age in the long spectral channel (r2 = 0.44; p = 0.0002) but not in the short spectral channel (r2 = 0.066; p = 0.2).

Conclusions
Fundus autofluorescence lifetimes are age dependent. FLTs in the SSC are more susceptible to lens opacities but less dependent on age changes, whereas FLTs in the LSC are largely independent of the lens status but display a higher degree of age dependency.

Study registry
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01981148.
Post-acute care for frail older people decreases 90-day emergency room visits, readmissions and mortality: An interventional study
Authors: Lee Min-Chang , Wu Tai-Yin , Huang Sheng-Jean , Chen Ya-Mei , Hsiao Sheng-Huang , Tsai Ching-Yao 
Published: January 2023

Background
To evaluate the effects of post-acute care (PAC) on frail older adults after acute hospitalization in Taiwan.

Methods
This was a multicenter interventional study. Frail patients aged ≥ 75 were recruited and divided into PAC or control group. The PAC group received comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and multifactorial intervention including exercise, nutrition education, and medicinal adjustments for two to four weeks, while the control group received only CGA. Outcome measures included emergency room (ER) visits, readmissions, and mortality within 90 days after PAC.

Results
Among 254 participants, 205 (87.6±6.0 years) were in the PAC and 49 (85.2±6.0 years) in the control group. PAC for more than two weeks significantly decreased 90-day ER visits (odds ratio [OR] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.10–0.43; p = 0.024), readmissions (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.16–0.56; p < 0.001), and mortality (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.04–0.87; p = 0.032). Having problems in self-care was an independent risk factor for 90-day ER visits (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.17–3.78; p = 0.012), and having problems in usual activities was an independent risk factor for 90-day readmissions (OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.53–4.72; p = 0.001) and mortality (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.16–8.63; p = 0.024).

Conclusion
PAC program for more than two weeks could have beneficial effects on decreasing ER visits, readmissions, and mortality after an acute illness in frail older patients. Those who perceived severe problems in self-care and usual activities had a higher risk of subsequent adverse outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT Identifier: NCT05452395.
Blood concentrations of mediators released from activated neutrophils are related to the severity of alcohol-induced liver damage
Authors: Kasztelan-Szczerbinska Beata , Zygo Bartosz , Rycyk-Bojarzynska Anna , Surdacka Agata , Rolinski Jacek , Cichoz-Lach Halina 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundImmune dysregulation and neutrophil infiltration are hallmarks of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Our objective was to evaluate the blood profile of neutrophil-derived mediators [neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), alpha1-antitrypsin (A1AT)], and their potential relevance in ALD.Methods62 patients with ALD /47 males, and 15 females, aged 49,2 ± 9,9/ were prospectively recruited and distributed according to their 1/ gender, 2/ severity of liver dysfunction (by Child-Turcotte-Pugh, MELD scores, and mDF) 3/ presence of complications of ALD complications, and followed for 90 days. 24 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers served as the control group. Neutrophil-derived biomarkers were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).ResultsBlood concentrations of MPO and NE were significantly higher in ALD patients in comparison with controls. A1AT levels were not different. There were no gender-related differences in the studied biomarker levels. Both NE and MPO correlated with routine markers of inflammation, while NE with MELD and mDF scores. Patients with a severe ALD course i.e. MELD>20 or mDF>32, presented with significantly higher NE blood concentrations.ConclusionsOur results point out the critical role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of ALD. NE and MPO correlated with the intensity of inflammation, and NE was related to the severity of liver dysfunction.