bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐production of nature's contributions to people: What evidence is out there?
Authors: Kachler Jana , Isaac Roman , Martín‐López Berta , Bonn Aletta , Felipe‐Lucia María R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Nature's contributions to people (NCP) rarely originate from nature alone. Often, only by joining natural capital with forms of anthropogenic capital, NCP emerge benefitting people. Understanding how NCP are co‐produced by natural and anthropogenic capitals is needed to inform decision‐making on sustainable land‐use practices.

Through a systematic review of the literature, we compile existing empirical evidence on NCP co‐production and how this evidence was arrived at. We identified 237 observations from 25 publications on anthropogenic capital indicators co‐producing NCP. The reviewed studies were conducted mainly in cropland and forest ecosystems and at the landscape level.

Our results show that most evidence for co‐production exists for material NCP, with physical capital and/or human capital as main input. Interestingly, non‐material NCP relied mostly on human or social capital only, while material and regulating NCP involved multiple types of anthropogenic capital.

Our findings provide guidance for future research on how to explicitly incorporate NCP co‐production to analytically assess the relationships between anthropogenic capitals and NCP provision.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Allosteric regulatory control in dihydrofolate reductase is revealed by dynamic asymmetry
Authors: Kazan I. Can , Mills Jeremy H. , Ozkan S. Banu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe investigated the relationship between mutations and dynamics in Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) using computational methods. Our study focused on the M20 and FG loops, which are known to be functionally important and affected by mutations distal to the loops. We used molecular dynamics simulations and developed position‐specific metrics, including the dynamic flexibility index (DFI) and dynamic coupling index (DCI), to analyze the dynamics of wild‐type DHFR and compared our results with existing deep mutational scanning data. Our analysis showed a statistically significant association between DFI and mutational tolerance of the DHFR positions, indicating that DFI can predict functionally beneficial or detrimental substitutions. We also applied an asymmetric version of our DCI metric (DCIasym) to DHFR and found that certain distal residues control the dynamics of the M20 and FG loops, whereas others are controlled by them. Residues that are suggested to control the M20 and FG loops by our DCIasym metric are evolutionarily nonconserved; mutations at these sites can enhance enzyme activity. On the other hand, residues controlled by the loops are mostly deleterious to function when mutated and are also evolutionary conserved. Our results suggest that dynamics‐based metrics can identify residues that explain the relationship between mutation and protein function or can be targeted to rationally engineer enzymes with enhanced activity.
Benchmarking Simulated and Physical Quantum Processing Units Using Quantum and Hybrid Algorithms
Authors: Kordzanganeh Mohammad , Buchberger Markus , Kyriacou Basil , Povolotskii Maxim , Fischer Wilhelm , Kurkin Andrii , Somogyi Wilfrid , Sagingalieva Asel , Pflitsch Markus , Melnikov Alexey 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPowerful hardware services and software libraries are vital tools for quickly and affordably designing, testing, and executing quantum algorithms. A robust large‐scale study of how the performance of these platforms scales with the number of qubits is key to providing quantum solutions to challenging industry problems. This work benchmarks the runtime and accuracy for a representative sample of specialized high‐performance simulated and physical quantum processing units. Results show the QMware simulator can reduce the runtime for executing a quantum circuit by up to 78% compared to the next fastest option for algorithms with fewer than 27 qubits. The Amazon Web Service State‐Vector Simulator 1 offers a runtime advantage for larger circuits, up to the maximum 34 qubits. Beyond this limit, QMware can execute circuits as large as 40 qubits. Physical quantum devices, such as Rigetti's Aspen‐M2, can provide an exponential runtime advantage for circuits with more than 30 qubits. However, the high financial cost of physical quantum processing units presents a serious barrier to practical use. Moreover, only IonQ's Harmony quantum device achieves high fidelity with more than four qubits. This study paves the way to understanding the optimal combination of available software and hardware for executing practical quantum algorithms.
C−H Activation of Benzamides Using Biogenically Synthesized Pd@CNTs Catalyst under External Ligand Free Condition: Access to Isoquinolones and A DFT Study of Phytochemicals
Authors: Hegde Rajeev V. , Bhondwe Rahul , Sree Raj K. A. , Ghosh Arnab , Rout Chandra Sekhar , R. Thrilokraj , Patil Siddappa A , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Dateer Ramesh B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnvironmentally amiable biogenic strategy for in‐situ one‐step synthesis of Pd‐NPs decorated on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and its synthetic utility for C−H activation of benzamides to access isoquinolones has been reported for the first time. The phytochemicals present in Gliricidia sepium leaves extract was found to be serve as a reducing agent to reduce Pd (II) to Pd (0) and subsequently acts as a stabilizing agent. The formation of Pd@CNTs was confirmed by P‐XRD, FE‐SEM, EDX and ICP‐OES analysis technique with active Pd content 42.82 % w/w. In addition, DFT study of phytochemicals found in Gliricidia sepium leaves extract were conducted. The catalytic activity was showcased for the cost‐effective, step and atom economic synthesis of isoquinolones via C−H and N−H bond activation without the aid of external ligands. A series of isoquinolone derivatives were synthesized in good to excellent yields under air as a sole oxidant. In addition, catalyst recyclability and mechanistic experiments were deliberated. The Pd@CNTs unveiled superior catalytic activity and high durability towards hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media. The Pd@CNTs attains the current density of 10 mA/cm2 at an over potential of 127 mV with a small Tafel slope of 41 mV/dec.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibiting 4‐Aminoquinazolines as Promising Anticancer Agents: A Patent Review (2000‐Present)
Authors: Patel Rahul V. , Mistry Bhupendra M. , Gujarati Akash V. , Patel Amit B. , Patel Divyesh K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer is now recognized as a major threat to global health and a notable cause of human mortality. Rapid cell multiplication abilities and the unchecked cell expansion that develops from a single cell define it. The epidermal growth factor receptor is a member of the ERBB family of receptors (ERBB‐1/2/3/4), and cancer can occur due to EGFR mutations. A lot of research is now being done on 4‐aminoquinazolines to suppress EGFR. With FDA‐approved medications based on the 4‐aminoquinazoline core already in use, we think that this core holds a lot of promise for a novel type of cancer therapy with significant therapeutic benefits. In this patent review, we have surveyed a huge number of patents reported (2000‐present) involving 4‐aminoquinazoline core as an anticancer agent targeting EGFR. We attempt here, with a huge body of literature based on this core, to update researchers about the latest EGFR‐targeted developments utilizing 4‐aminoquinazolines, which will provide support for the development of novel kinase‐targeted cancer therapies.
A Forceful “Dendrite‐Killer” of Polyoxomolybdate with Reusability Effectively Dominating Dendrite‑Free Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Song Jian , Jiang Yuanyuan , Lu Yizhong , Cao Yundong , Zhang Yuxi , Fan Linlin , Liu Hong , Gao Guanggang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, a series of Mo‐containing polyoxometalates (POMs) modified separators to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, and thus improving the lifespan and safety of the cells is proposed. When the deposited lithium forms dendrites and touches the separator, the optimized Dawson‐type POM of (NH4)6[P2Mo18O62]·11H2O (P2Mo18) with the stronger oxidizability, acts like a “killer”, is more inclined to oxidize Li0 into Li+, thus weakening the lethality of lithium dendrites. The above process is accompanied by the formation of Lix[P2Mo18O62] (x = 6–10) in its reduced state. Converting to the stripping process, the reduced state Lix[P2Mo18O62] (x = 6–10) can be reoxidized to P2Mo18, which achieves the reusability of P2Mo18 functional material. Meanwhile, lithium ions are released into the cell system to participate in the subsequent electrochemical cycles, thus the undesired lithium dendrites are converted into usable lithium ions to prevent the generation of “dead lithium”. As a result, the Li//Li symmetrical cell with P2Mo18 modified separator delivers exceptional cyclic stability for over 1000 h at 3 mA cm−2 and 5 mAh cm−2, and the assembled Li–S full cell maintains superior reversible capacity of 600 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 2 C.
Boosting the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Performance of P‐Doped PtTe2 Nanocages via Spontaneous Defects Formation
Authors: Ma Hancheng , Huang Xiang , Li Luyu , Peng Wei , Lin Sheng , Ding Yao , Mai Liqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPtTe2, a member of the noble metal dichalcogenides (NMDs), has aroused great interest in exploring its behavior in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to the unique type‐II topological semimetallic nature. In this work, a simple template‐free hydrothermal method to obtain the phosphorus‐doped (P‐doped) PtTe2 nanocages with abundant amorphous and crystalline interface (A/C‐P‐PtTe2) is developed. Revealed by density functional theory calculations, the atomic Te vacancies can spontaneously form on the basal planes of PtTe2 by the P doping, which results in the unsaturated Pt atoms exposed as the active sites in the amorphous layer for HER. Owing to the defective structure, the A/C‐P‐PtTe2 catalysts have the fast Tafel step determined kinetics in HER, which contributes to an ultralow overpotential (η = 28 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and a small Tafel slope of 37 mV dec−1. More importantly, benefiting from the inner stable crystalline P‐PtTe2 nanosheets, limited decay of the performance is observed after chronopotentiometry test. This work reveals the important role of the inherent relationship between structure and activity in PtTe2 for HER, which may bring another enlightenment for the design of efficient catalysts based on NMDs in the near future.
Ionizable Lipid with Supramolecular Chemistry Features for RNA Delivery In Vivo
Authors: Manning Alanna M. , Tilstra Grayson , Khan Aniqa B. , Couture‐Senécal Julien , Lau Yan Ming Anson , Pang Janice , Abow Amina A. , Robbins Clinton S. , Khan Omar F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) technology are highly versatile tools that can be deployed for diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic applications. In this report, supramolecular chemistry concepts are incorporated into the rational design of a new ionizable lipid, C3‐K2‐E14, for systemic administration. This lipid incorporates a cone‐shaped structure intended to facilitate cell bilayer disruption, and three tertiary amines to improve RNA binding. Additionally, hydroxyl and amide motifs are incorporated to further enhance RNA binding and improve LNP stability. Optimization of messenger RNA (mRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) formulation conditions and lipid ratios produce LNPs with favorable diameter (<150 nm), polydispersity index (<0.15), and RNA encapsulation efficiency (>90%), all of which are preserved after 2 months at 4 or 37 °C storage in ready‐to‐use liquid form. The lipid and formulated LNPs are well‐tolerated in animals and show no deleterious material‐induced effects. Furthermore, 1 week after intravenous LNP administration, fluorescent signal from tagged RNA payloads are not detected. To demonstrate the long‐term treatment potential for chronic diseases, repeated dosing of C3‐K2‐E14 LNPs containing siRNA that silences the colony stimulating factor‐1 (CSF‐1) gene can modulate leukocyte populations in vivo, further highlighting utility.
InBi Bimetallic Sites for Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to HCOOH
Authors: Wang Qinru , Yang Xiaofeng , Zang Hu , Liu Changjiang , Wang Jiahao , Yu Nan , Kuai Long , Qin Qing , Geng Baoyou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFormic acid is receiving intensive attention as being one of the most progressive chemical fuels for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. However, the majority of catalysts suffer from low current density and Faraday efficiency. To this end, an efficient catalyst of In/Bi‐750 with InOx nanodots load is prepared on a two‐dimensional nanoflake Bi2O2CO3 substrate, which increases the adsorption of *CO2 due to the synergistic interaction between the bimetals and the exposure of sufficient active sites. In the H‐type electrolytic cell, the formate Faraday efficiency (FE) reaches 97.17% at –1.0 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) with no significant decay over 48 h. A formate Faraday efficiency of 90.83% is also obtained in the flow cell at a higher current density of 200 mA cm−2. Both in‐situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and theoretical calculations show that the BiIn bimetallic site can deliver superior binding energy to the *OCHO intermediate, thereby fundamentally accelerating the conversion of CO2 to HCOOH. Furthermore, assembled Zn‐CO2 cell exhibits a maximum power of 6.97 mW cm−1 and a stability of 60 h.
Exotic Magnetic Anisotropy Near Digitized Dimensional Mott Boundary
Authors: Jeong Seung Gyo , Kim Jihyun , Min Taewon , Song Sehwan , Oh Jin Young , Noh Woo‐suk , Park Sungkyun , Park Tuson , Ok Jong Mok , Lee Jaekwang , Choi Woo Seok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe magnetic anisotropy of low‐dimensional Mott systems exhibits unexpected magnetotransport behavior useful for spin‐based quantum electronics. Yet, the anisotropy of natural materials is inherently determined by the crystal structure, highly limiting its engineering. The magnetic anisotropy modulation near a digitized dimensional Mott boundary in artificial superlattices composed of a correlated magnetic monolayer SrRuO3 and nonmagnetic SrTiO3, is demonstrated. The magnetic anisotropy is initially engineered by modulating the interlayer coupling strength between the magnetic monolayers. Interestingly, when the interlayer coupling strength is maximized, a nearly degenerate state is realized, in which the anisotropic magnetotransport is strongly influenced by both the thermal and magnetic energy scales. The results offer a new digitized control for magnetic anisotropy in low‐dimensional Mott systems, inspiring promising integration of Mottronics and spintronics.
Making service continuity smarter with artificial intelligence: An approach and its evaluation
Authors: Quattrocchi Giovanni , Tamburri Damian Andrew , Van Den Heuvel Willem‐Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractService continuity entails establishing an observable and explainable continuum between customer experience and service operations. Such continuum is currently established manually, via service customer management operations (such as service incident management (IM)) often resulting in time‐consuming, human‐detrimental, and error‐prone activities. Conversely, artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly emerging as an automated enabler towards handling the discontinuities in the aforementioned critical business tasks. Consequently, the emerging topic of AI‐driven incident management (AIIM) addresses practices and tools to resolve incidents by means of AI‐enabled organizational processes and methodologies. Our conjecture is that AIIM could reduce unplanned interruptions of service and let customers resume their work as quick as possible. While several techniques were presented in the literature to automatically identify the problems described in incident tickets by customers, this article focuses on the qualitative analysis and feature extraction off of the provided descriptions. When an incident ticket does not describe properly the problem, the analyst must ask the customer for additional details which could require several long‐lasting interactions. This article proposes ACQUA , an AIIM approach to automatically assess the quality of ticket descriptions with the goals of removing the need of additional communications and guiding the customers to properly describe the incident. A preliminary evaluation of ACQUA was performed on a dataset provided by a large bank in Europe, showing promising results and a boost of 13% in ticket resolution times and connected service continuity.
Effects of oral propranolol on the resistive and pulsatility indices of major abdominal vasculatures in domestic short‐haired cats
Authors: Amini Masouleh Shima , Nasrollahzadeh Masouleh Mohammad , Vazir Bita , Bokaie Saied 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNo study has been performed regarding the effects of oral administration of propranolol on pulse‐wave spectral Doppler indices of major abdominal vessels in healthy adult cats.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the pulse‐wave spectral Doppler indices of abdominal aorta, caudal vena cava, and portal vein in clinically normal adult domestic short‐haired (DSH) cats, before and after propranolol ingestion.MethodsTwenty intact adult client‐owned DSH cats were evaluated (10 males and 10 females). A duplex Doppler ultrasonography machine with a 10‐MHz frequency linear transducer was used. Peak systolic velocity, end‐diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and pressure gradient were measured. All the cats received 1 mg/kg of propranolol tablet, and after 2 h, ultrasonography measurements were repeated.ResultsThe mean RI of the aorta and caudal vena cava significantly decreased in male cats following oral administration of propranolol after 2 h (p = 0.03, p = 0.02). In the caudal vena cava, the PI decreased from 2.98 ± 0.62 to 1.15 ± 0.19 post‐propranolol ingestion (p = 0.01). The mean EDV in the caudal vena cava of males and portal veins of females significantly decreased after propranolol ingestion (p = 0.04, p = 0.02).ConclusionsThis study showed that propranolol decreased the PI of the aorta and PI and RI of the caudal vena cava in healthy normal cats 2 h post‐propranolol ingestion at the dosage of 1 mg/kg.
Effect of strontium ranelate and cerium oxide addition in the diet on bone quality and expression level of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase genes in broiler chicken
Authors: Sabir Payam Sadq , Abbas Kamaran A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn the modern broiler industry, leg and gait disorders are considerable problems. Fast‐growing broilers are especially susceptible to bone abnormalities, causing major problems for broiler producers. Strontium ranelate (SrR) has been used successfully for the treatment of osteoporosis in humans. In addition, cerium oxide (CeO) is an anti‐stress agent applied in the biological system.MethodsThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of SrR, CeO, and their combinations on tibia quality in broilers. A total of 384 one‐day‐old Ross chicks were divided into six treatments, with four replicates per treatment (16 birds per replicate). The control group was fed a standard diet, and other groups were fed SrR at levels 450, 900 mg/kg feed, CeO at levels 300 and 600 mg/kg feed and a combination of 450 SrR + 300 CeO mg/kg feed. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone strength (BS), tibia area, tibia weight, bone Length, bone diameter, minerals in tibia bone of male broilers, alkaline phosphatase gene (ALP) and osteocalcin gene (OC) in male broilers were analysed.ResultsThe results showed that the addition of SrR and CeO had no significant influence (p > 0.01) on BMD, BMC, BS, bone weight, bone length and bone diameter. While there was a significant interaction between sex and treatments, especially in the combination group, BS in females significantly (p < 0.01) increased compared to the control group. Generally, females were found to be more responsive to treatments than males. Significant increases in gene expression were noticed in OC with the addition of low levels of SrR and CeO and mixed group compared to the control. The gene expression of ALP was increased significantly only in a combination group compared to the control group.ConclusionIt is concluded that SrR and CeO can be used as beneficial additives in the feed to improve the tibia quality of broilers.
Placing Property in the Landscape
Authors: Byer Amanda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo explain property’s origins in place or landscape, this chapter draws on legal, historical, geographical, etymological and archaeological research to reconstruct how people understood land before property. The chapter relies on two main sources: Kenneth Olwig’s cultural geographical research on early landscapes in pre-feudal Scandinavia and Sub-Roman/pre-enclosure Britain illustrates the relationship between land, law and people; and Nicole Graham’s etymological analysis linking property not to ownership but to proximity affirms that a specific location to which someone belonged generated relations relevant to identity, community and a sustainable way of life. Land was communal, dynamic and characterised by attachment, the polar opposite of property’s defining characteristics today (individual, exclusive and alienable).
Locke and the Homogenisation of the Landscape
Authors: Byer Amanda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines John Locke’s contributions to the property discourse in the context of the first hallmark of property, individuality. A legal geographical analysis of his Two Treatises is employed to show how Locke’s focus on the individual and the labour theory of value required a reductionist understanding of the commons and communal land use. Locke’s influences from improvement philosophy and his role in the colonial administration of North America are also discussed in relation to his understanding of land. The chapter addresses the consequences of perceiving locally developed concepts of common land as empty space or wasteland. Property’s association with individual liberty in Anglo-American law is reinterpreted in light of its reliance on and extraction from complex Indigenous landscapes.
Blackstone and the Externalisation of Landscape
Authors: Byer Amanda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe idea of absolutist ownership in land, introduced in William Blackstone’s influential work, Commentaries on the Laws of England, is the subject of this chapter. Blackstone’s reframing of intrinsic aspects of the landscape as external encumbrances burdening the individual landowner is discussed as the watershed moment that terminated property’s social function. Blackstone applied the generic feudal pyramid of tenures to England, without considering the lived-in experiences of local communities and their ancient way of life that varied and complicated feudal practices. The chapter examines the role of the new landowning class in Parliament, which passed the Enclosure Acts to enclose common land as private property, thereby using the law to dismantle common rights and functioning local communities, and legitimise exclusion as a feature of property.