bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ, ВЫЗВАННЫХ ХИМИЧЕСКИМИ ОТБЕЛИВАТЕЛЯМИ ДРЕВЕСИНЫ В ДЕРЕВЕ МЕНГКУЛАНГ (HERITIERA JAVANICA (BLUME) KOSTERM.)
Authors: Пекер Х. , Аята У. 
Published: January 2025

Исследование направлено на определение изменений поверхностных свойств, вызванных использованием отбеливающих химикатов на древесине менгкуланг (Heritiera javanica (Blume) Kosterm.). С этой целью была создана контрольная группа, на поверхности древесины которой были нанесены химикаты оксаловая кислота (C2H2O4) и перекись водорода (H2O2) + гидроксид натрия (NaOH), после чего были произведены измерения цвета, блеска и индекса белизны (WI*). Согласно полученным результатам, значения измерений блеска, проведенных на волокнах ║ и ┴ 20°, оказались незначительными, в то время как все остальные тесты были признаны значимыми. Значения ∆E* составили 3,73 для отбеливания C2H2O4 и 13,81 для отбеливания H2O2 + NaOH. С обоими отбеливающими веществами были отмечены увеличения значений WI*, b*, L*, C* и h° в обоих направлениях, в то время как уменьшения были определены в значениях блеска при 60 и 85°.
This study aimed to determine the changes in certain surface properties caused by the use of wood bleaching chemicals on Mengkulang (Heritiera javanica (Blume) Kosterm.) timber. For this purpose, a control group was established, and oxalic acid (C2H2O4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) + sodium hydroxide (NaOH) chemicals were applied to the wood material surfaces, followed by measurements of color, glossiness, and whiteness index (WI*) properties. According to the obtained results, values for glossiness test measurements conducted on ﬁbers ║ and ┴ 20° were found to be insigniﬁcant, while all other tests were determined to be signiﬁcant. The ∆E* values were calculated as 3,73 for C2H2O4 bleaching and 13,81 for H2O2 + NaOH bleaching. With both bleaching agents, increases were observed in WI*, b*, L*, C*, and ho values in both directions, while decreases were determined in glossiness values at 60 and 85 degrees.
ПРОЕКТНАЯ ЛЕСОСЕКА: МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И ФАКТОРНОЕ ОПИСАНИЕ
Authors: Якимович С.Б. , Лукин Ю.В. , Мякотников А.В. 
Published: January 2025

Выполнен анализ способов оценки природно-производственных условий арендуемых лесных участков предприятия для проектирования технологий заготовки древесины, представлены их достоинства и недостатки. Дано понятие проектной лесосеки. Представлены разработанная методика и модель проектной лесосеки на основе корректируемых статистических оценок и пример ее использования для природно-производственных условий реального предприятия. Получены статистические оценки и законы распределения объемов заготовки и таксационных характеристик арендованных лесных участков и лесосек предприятия на основе снятия стохастической неопределенности методами математической статистики. Дан пример анализа результатов статистической обработки и корректировки статистических оценок лесосек. На основе анализа определены корректные параметры проектной лесосеки.
The analysis of methods for assessing the natural and production conditions of leased forest areas of the enterprise for the design of wood harvesting technologies is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are presented. The concept of a project cutting area is given. The developed methodology and model of the project cutting area based on adjusted statistical estimates and an example of its use for the natural production conditions of a real enterprise are presented. Statistical estimates and laws of the distribution of harvesting volumes and taxation characteristics of leased forest plots and cutting areas of the enterprise are obtained based on the removal of stochastic uncertainty by methods of mathematical statistics. An example of the analysis of the results of statistical processing and correction of statistical estimates of logging sites is given. Based on the analysis, the correct parameters of the project cutting area were determined.
Homoeopathic Management of Specific Phobia
Authors: S Karunakara Moorthi  , Dr. Jinu M Sunil  , Dr.Aiswarya J  
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Phobia is an excessive fear of a specific object, circumstance, or situation. Specific phobia is a strong, persisting fear of an object or situation that always occurs upon exposure to the feared stimulus. Many phobias respond strongly to in vivo exposure therapy; however, the strategy is often hindered by high dropout rates and low treatment acceptance. Homoeopathy can be regarded as an alternative treatment for specific phobia.
Case summary: Three cases of Specific Phobia in adults are presented here, which have been treated exclusively with individualized Homoeopathic medicines without any supportive therapies. The case was diagnosed based on ICD 10 criteria by a consultant psychiatrist at the institute. The Diagnosis and Severity were assessed using the Severity Measure for Specific Phobia-Adult (SMSP-A) scale. Naranjo Criteria explicitly depicted possible causal attribution of changes. During the treatment course, patients experienced notable alleviation of symptoms related to fears of diseases, snakes, enclosed spaces, and thunderstorms, leading to enhanced social and occupational well-being. However, more extensive research is needed on the topic to prove the effectiveness of individualized Homoeopathic medicine in specific phobias.
The overall assessment of the cases showed a positive role of Homoeopathy as the cases are exclusively managed by Individualized Homoeopathic medicine.
KEYWORDS: Case series, Homeopathy, Specific Phobia, Severity Measure for Specific Phobia-Adult (SMSP-A) scale
Forecasting contrail climate forcing for flight planning and air traffic management applications: the CocipGrid model in pycontrails 0.51.0
Authors: Engberg Zebediah , Teoh Roger , Abbott Tristan , Dean Thomas , Stettler Marc E. J. , Shapiro Marc L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The global annual mean contrail climate forcing may exceed that of aviation's cumulative CO2 emissions. As only 2 %–3 % of all flights are likely responsible for 80 % of the global annual contrail energy forcing (EFcontrail), re-routing these flights could reduce the occurrence of strongly warming contrails. Here, we develop a contrail forecasting tool that produces global maps of persistent contrail formation and their EFcontrail formatted to align with standard weather and turbulence forecasts for integration into existing flight planning and air traffic management workflows. This is achieved by extending the existing trajectory-based contrail cirrus prediction model (CoCiP), which simulates contrails formed along flight paths, to a grid-based approach that initializes an infinitesimal contrail segment at each point in a 4D spatiotemporal grid and tracks them until their end of life. Outputs are provided for N aircraft-engine groups, with groupings based on similarities in aircraft mass and engine particle number emissions: N=7 results in a 3 % mean error between the trajectory- and grid-based CoCiP, while N=3 facilitates operational simplicity but increases the mean error to 13 %. We use the grid-based CoCiP to simulate contrails globally using 2019 meteorology and compare its forecast patterns with those from previous studies. Two approaches are proposed to apply these forecasts for contrail mitigation: (i) monetizing EFcontrail and including it as an additional cost parameter within a flight trajectory optimizer or (ii) constructing polygons to avoid airspace volumes with strongly warming contrails. We also demonstrate a probabilistic formulation of the grid-based CoCiP by running it with ensemble meteorology and excluding grid cells with significant uncertainties in the simulated EFcontrail. This study establishes a working standard for incorporating contrail mitigation into flight management protocols and demonstrates how forecasting uncertainty can be incorporated to minimize unintended consequences associated with increased CO2 emissions from re-routes.
PERANCANGAN DAN PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK MINI HEMAT ENERGI 50 WP DI PONDOK MODERN DAN PANTI ASUHAN NURUL KHAERAAT LIL MUHIBBIIN BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Irtawaty Andi Sri , Armin Armin 
Published: January 2025

Indonesia, sebagai negara yang berada di garis khatulistiwa, memiliki letak georafis yang cukup mendukung untuk memperoleh intensitas cahaya matahari yang merata sepanjang tahun di wilayah Indonesia, sehingga penerapan solar cell sebagai pembangkit listrik alternatif merupakan solusi yang tepat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik warga. Berdasarkan data tersebut, tim Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurusan Rekayasa Elektro telah melakukan survey lapangan, dan hasilnya terdapat sebuah Pondok Modern Dan Panti Asuhan Nurul Khaeraat Lil Muhibbiin yang terletak di RT 27 Kecamatan Balikpapan Selatan yang masih membutuhkan tambahan sumber listrik. Terdapat 20 orang santri, 5 guru dan 5 karyawan yang beraktivitas di pondok tersebut. Tepat pada tanggal 28 Juni 2024, jam 09.00 WITA, 3 orang tim dosen Jurusan Rekayasa Elektro dibantu oleh 4 mahasiswa kelas Teknologi Listrik (1TL1) telah berhasil memasang instalasi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya 50 WP, dengan beban berupa 2 buah lampu DC @ 5 watt dan 1 buah stop kontak 2 titik dengan tegangan output 220 volt yang dapat digunakan untuk beban AC daya rendah seperti charger hp dan kipas angin. Pengujian terhadap Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya 50 WP tersebut telah dilakukan selama 15 hari, dan hasilnya sangat memuaskan, yaitu aki VRLA 40 Ah mampu menyalakan beban-beban dengan total daya 20 watt selama 10,42 jam. Namun jika aki hanya difungsikan sebagai penerangan lampu teras pondok, maka kedua lampu dengan total daya 10 watt dapat menyala selama 20,8 jam. Keakuratan pembangkit listrik tenaga surya 50 wp tersebut terbukti mampu menjadi cadangan sumber energi lisrik alternatif dengan frekuensi pengujian 15 hari (13 hari cerah dan 2 hari hujan). Prosentase pengisian aki maksimal terjadi pada hari ke-1 sampai hari ke-10, hari ke 11 dan ke-13 hujan dan hari ke-12, 14 dan 15 cuaca cerah. Sehingga dapat diakumulasikan, selama 15 hari pengujian fungsi aki terhadap beban-bebannya, pengisian aki masimal hanya berlangsung selama 13 hari atau 86,7% dari total 15 hari pengujian.
MENUMBUHKAN JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA KALANGAN REMAJA DI SMA NEGERI 2 WOHA KABUPATEN BIMA
Authors: Akbar Muhammad , Purnamasari Indah , Zakiah Nurrahman , Mirnawati Suci , Aditya Donis , Hardinandar Fajrin , Rizkan Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

Pemerintah telah menetapkan target untuk mencapai tingkat kewirausahaan sebesar 4% pada tahun 2024, tapi tingkat kewirausahaan di kalangan pelajar Indonesia masih tergolong rendah, khususnya di Kabupaten Bima. Berdasarkan isu tersebut, focus utama pada pengabdian ini ialah meningkatkan angka kewirausahaan dilakangan remaja yang ada di Indonesia khsususnya di Kabupaten Bima. Selain itu juga, tujuan lain dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan motivasi, bimbingan dan mentoring kepada siswa SMA Negeri 2 Woha. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini ada tiga, pertama persiapan kegiatan meliputi koordinasi awal untuk menggali informasi terkait kewirausahaan. Kedua pelaksanaa, kegiatan seminar dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah yang didukung oleh pendekatan presentasi yang efektif. Ketiga evaluasi, untuk mengetahui kekurangan kegiatan tersebut. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukan bahwa antuasiasi siswa siswi dalam berwirausaha sangat tinggi, tetapi mereka memiliki tingkat kepercayaan diri yang sangat rendah. Dengan adanya seminar ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri para siswa siswi di SMA Negeri 2 Woha.
Penggunaan Alat Peraga Sistem Pernapasan Berbasis Produk Lokal Rumah Tangga dalam Pembelajaran IPA bagi Siswa SMP
Authors: Ngongo Frederikus , Kua Maria Yuliana , Suparmi Ni Wayan , Dinata Ngurah Mahendra 
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pencapaian hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Soa terhadap mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) dengan memanfaatkan alat peraga sistem pernapasan berbahan dasar produk rumah tangga lokal melalui metode demonstrasi. Penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) model spiral Kemmis dan McTaggart, menggabungkan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang digunakan. Subjek penelitian mencakup 29 siswa yang berada di kelas VIII di SMP N 1 Soa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan melalui instrumen penelitian termasuk lembar observasi dan tes yang digunakan guna mengevaluasi hasil belajar siswa. Studi dilakukan untuk dua siklus, masing-masing dengan 4 langkah utama: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Temuan penelitian menemukan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan terkait hasil belajar siswa, disertai secara peningkatan interaksi dan proses pembelajaran antara guru dan siswa setelah penerapan alat peraga sistem pernapasan melalui metode demonstrasi. Observasi terhadap guru menunjukkan peningkatan kinerja dari 75% (berkategori baik) terhadap Siklus I mencapai 91% (berkategori sangat baik) terhadap Siklus II. Di sisi lain, kegiatan siswa dalam pembelajaran meningkat dari 79% (berkategori baik) terhadap Siklus I mencapai 92% (berkategori sangat baik) terhadap Siklus II. Persentase yang mencapai nilai > 66 dari Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) juga sama, yaitu 19% terhadap pra-siklus, 52% terkait Siklus I, dan 78% terkait Siklus II. Temuan ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan alat peraga sistem pernapasan berbasis produk rumah tangga lokal efektif untuk meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa pelajaran IPA.
نبی کریم ﷺ کا وفد نجران کے ساتھ تعامل کا احادیث کی روشنی میں تحقیقی مطالعہ
Authors: Hassan Syed Shah , Sajjad Hafiz Muḥammad 
Published: January 2025

The event of the delegation of Najrān has multi-dimensional aspects, i.e. the aspect of dogma and reasoning, jurisprudence, ethics and morality, preaching and teaching, psychology and sociology, diplomacy and political strategy etc. The event is imbibed with the political and administrative wisdom of the Holy Prophet Muḥammad (Ṣal Allah-u-‘alaihe wa sallam). It contains Ṣaḥīḥ, Ḥasan and Marfoo’ Muttaṣil narrations. Though some of them are Dha’if but they have been invigorated by the sturdy and Ṣaḥīḥ ones. Mainly there are five types of narrations, i.e. (1) the narrations of the invocation of the curse, (2) the request for a reliable representative of Islamic government, (3) the gold-ring prohibition for men, (4) mutual contract between the Holy Prophet Muḥammad (Ṣal Allah-u-‘alaihe wa sallam) and the Christians of Najrān, and (5) the inquiry about the timing of the prayers. The delegation of Najrān visited the Holy Prophet Muḥammad (Ṣal Allah-u-‘alaihe wa sallam) more than once. The largest part of the delegation was well-dressed and consisted of nearly sixty people. They asked questions and the Holy Prophet Muḥammad (Ṣal Allah-u-‘alaihe wa sallam), answered them accordingly under the revelation of Allah۔
حضرت ابو بکر صدیق رضی اللہ عنہ کی قلت روایت سے متعلق اعتراضات کاتجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: Shabana Razia , Taiba Saira 
Published: January 2025

As a source of Islamic law, the word Ḥadīth is not a necessary introduction in academic circles. It has fundamental importance in Islām. The companions of The last Prophet used to say by name, "Did we see the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) doing this?" Sometimes they used to say that we used to do this during the time of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and sometimes it happened that the companions' religious deeds were considered a sign of the teachings of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). When the knowledge of Ḥadīth became embedded in books and writings, it did not require hard work in memorizing it orally and copying it, which was very important from a religious and scholarly point of view before the formal editing of this knowledge. But this does not mean that the principle of oral transmission and tradition does not remain, but it is a fact. It continued to be transmitted to the living disciples, but this natural rotation of circumstances and the principled convenience of the writings of Ḥadīth left only oral memory behind, collections of Ḥadīth s were prepared, guidance was obtained from the Ḥadīth after the Qur'an. If there was room for doubt, the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would have been consulted. Despite this, mu'tarzin left no stone unturned to prove to you the disbelievers.
Smart Communication E-Commerce Website
Authors:   Student in computer and engineering, presidency university, Bangalore, Shakir Mohamad 
Published: January 2025

This paper considers the integration of digital platforms as a way of empowering rural artisans through the gap created between traditional craftsmanship and global markets. The system will include easy-to-use web and mobile interfaces, effective management tools for the products, and real-time analytics to facilitate the selling of products on the platforms. It will address limited market access, lack of technical knowledge, and poor inventory management to ensure the platform promotes economic growth and preserves cultural heritage. In this regard, the study outlines the importance of technology in the development of a rural area. It focuses on scalability, accessibility, and data-driven strategies as ways to promote artisans' participation in a competitive digital economy.

Key Words: Rural artisans, digital platforms, traditional craftsmanship, market access, cultural heritage, inventory management, sales analytics, rural development, web and mobile interfaces, economic empowerment
Evaluation of socio-economic inequalities in the use of maternal health services in rural and peri-urban areas of Birbhum district, West Bengal, India
Authors:   Government of West Bengal and Research Scholar in Anthropology, Ranchi University, Jharkhand, India, Majumdar Saikat 
Published: January 2025

Inequalities in maternal health care services prevent women of reproductive ages from accessing required care. The existence of equitable distribution channels can substantially diminish these discrepancies. Since the implementation of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in 2005, Maternal Mortality Ratio has significantly declined in India through a noticeable improvement in maternal health care services. However, India lags behind to achieve the target of millennium development goal (MDG5) to reduced maternal mortality ratio and improve universal reproductive health by 2015 The objective of this study was to evaluate the socio-economic inequalities, and factors associated to the use of maternal health services in rural and peri-urban areas of Birbhum district, West Bengal.
Voice Based Hot Cold- Water Dispenser Using Arduino
Authors:   ECE & IARE, Veeraswamy D 
Published: January 2025

Technology is a never-ending process. To be able to design a product using the current technology that will be valuable to the lives of others is a huge contribution to the neighbourhood. Voice Based Water Dispenser Automation method using controller is the plan will be very useful for old age people and disabled people, basically one’s who cannot achieve basic actions efficiently. It is the idea Corresponds to the new area of automation and technology. This presents the design and implementation of a low cost but flexible Secure voice based hot and cold-water dispenser system. The Between the cell phone and the controller board is wireless. Voice Command sends from mobile to the micro controller, to understand whether the water required by the person should be hot or cold. The Micro controller processes the information to the IR sensor to Determine where the glass is placed below the pipe or not. The method uses IR sensors to detect the presence of stream beaker and then the IR sensor sends the signal to the micro controller about the presence of the glass, accordingly the motor starts and the Water flows though the pipes from the particular jar (hot/cold). Key Words: IR sensor, Water glass, Micro controller, Blue-tooth.
Customer Service Chatbot With ML
Authors:   Presidency University, Bangalore, N Thrimoorthy Dr . 
Published: January 2025

In the modern business landscape, customer support plays a critical role in shaping customer experiences and building brand loyalty. With the growing demand for instant responses and 24/7 availability, organizations are increasingly exploring artificial intelligence (AI) solutions to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of their customer service operations. This work aims to design and develop an intelligent customer support chatbot that leverages machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to deliver automated, yet personalized, customer assistance. The core objective is to build a machine learning-based chatbot capable of understanding and responding to a wide array of customer queries in real-time. Traditional customer service models often require significant human resources, leading to high operational costs and long response times. By integrating an AI powered chatbot into the customer support process, businesses can streamline operations, reduce response time, and provide customers with timely, accurate information.

Keywords:
· Natural Language Understanding (NLU):

The chatbot uses NLTK and Speech recognition to process and understand the user's input in natural language. It can identify the intent and extract key details from user queries to provide relevant responses[6].

· Integration in Flask Backend

Flask supports the light-weight fast backend with requests that routes those to the correct machine learning model. It manages all the interactions with the users by processing inputs and passing on[4].

· Model Training of Machine Learning Model:

The OpenAI models are trained on labelled data for the improvement in recognizing intents of the chatbot. user and giving suitable responses of the model keeps learning and evolving as it processes new data of the users[3].

· Real-Time Error Handling:

The system handles errors such as unrecognized queries or technical issues efficiently. It logs errors and provides feedback to the user, ensuring a smooth experience[2].

· Sentiment Analysis:

Based on NLTK, it analysis the sentiment of all user inputs to establish possible emotions such as frustration and satisfaction. This will provide the chatbot with means to respond in addition to adjusting its tone[4].
IOT based Smart Pothole Detection System using ESP32
Authors:   ECE & IARE, Veeraswamy D 
Published: January 2025

This project presents a comprehensive pothole detection and navigation system aimed at improving road safety and reducing vehicle wear and tear. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller, a gyroscope, and a GPS module, integrated into car tires to enable real-time detection of potholes. The gyroscope measures vibrations and deviations caused by uneven road surfaces, while the GPS module pinpoints the exact geographic location of the detected potholes. The system also measures the depth and width of the potholes to provide detailed information. This data is transmitted wirelessly to a central server, where an AI-based algorithm processes it to eliminate duplicate entries and filter out false detections. Once validated, the pothole information is mapped onto a user-friendly mobile application, providing users with real-time updates on road conditions. By allowing users to choose safer and smoother routes with minimal potholes, this system ensures enhanced driving safety, reduced maintenance costs, and a more efficient travel experience. Additionally, the mapped pothole data can serve as valuable feedback for road maintenance authorities to prioritize repairs and improve infrastructure.

Key Words: pothole detection, ESP32, gyroscope, GPS, AI, road safety.