bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global banking, financial spillovers and macroprudential policy coordination
Authors: Agénor Pierre‐Richard , Jackson Timothy P. , Pereira da Silva Luiz A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe transmission of financial shocks and the gains from international macroprudential policy coordination are studied in a two‐region, core–periphery model with a global bank, a two‐level financial structure and imperfect financial integration. The model replicates the stylized facts associated with global banking shocks, with respect to output, credit, house prices and real exchange rate fluctuations in recipient countries, as documented empirically. Numerical experiments, based on a parametrized version of the model, show that the gains from coordination increase with the degree of financial integration, which raises the scope for spillback effects from the periphery to the core, through trade and private capital flows. However, even when coordination is Pareto‐improving, the resulting gains may be highly asymmetric across regions.
A machine learning approach towards the differentiation between interoceptive and exteroceptive attention
Authors: Zuo Zoey X. , Price Cynthia J. , Farb Norman A. S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInteroception, the representation of the body's internal state, plays a central role in emotion, motivation and wellbeing. Interoceptive sensibility, the ability to engage in sustained interoceptive awareness, is particularly relevant for mental health but is exclusively measured via self‐report, without methods for objective measurement. We used machine learning to classify interoceptive sensibility by contrasting using data from a randomized control trial of interoceptive training, with functional magnetic resonance imaging assessment before and after an 8‐week intervention (N = 44 scans). The neuroimaging paradigm manipulated attention targets (breath vs. visual stimuli) and reporting demands (active reporting vs. passive monitoring). Machine learning achieved high accuracy in distinguishing between interoceptive and exteroceptive attention, both for within‐session classification (~80% accuracy) and out‐of‐sample classification (~70% accuracy), revealing the reliability of the predictions. We then explored the classifier potential for ‘reading out’ mental states in a 3‐min sustained interoceptive attention task. Participants were classified as actively engaged about half of the time, during which interoceptive training enhanced their ability to sustain interoceptive attention. These findings demonstrate that interoceptive and exteroceptive attention is distinguishable at the neural level; these classifiers may help to demarcate periods of interoceptive focus, with implications for developing an objective marker for interoceptive sensibility in mental health research.
Disentangling spatiotemporal dynamics in metacommunities through a species‐patch network approach
Authors: Li Hai‐Dong , Holyoak Marcel , Xiao Zhishu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractColonization and extinction at local and regional scales, and gains and losses of patches are important processes in the spatiotemporal dynamics of metacommunities. However, analytical challenges remain in quantifying such spatiotemporal dynamics when species extinction‐colonization and patch gain and loss processes act simultaneously. Recent advances in network analysis show great potential in disentangling the roles of colonization, extinction, and patch dynamics in metacommunities. Here, we developed a species‐patch network approach to quantify metacommunity dynamics including (i) temporal changes in network structure, and (ii) temporal beta diversity of species‐patch links and its components that reflect species extinction‐colonization and patch gain and loss. Application of the methods to simulated datasets demonstrated that the approach was informative about metacommunity assembly processes. Based on three empirical datasets, our species‐patch network approach provided additional information about metacommunity dynamics through distinguishing the effects of species colonization and extinction at different scales from patch gains and losses and how specific environmental factors related to species‐patch network structure. In conclusion, our species‐patch network framework provides effective methods for monitoring and revealing long‐term metacommunity dynamics by quantifying gains and losses of both species and patches under local and global environmental change.
Genetic rescue from protected areas is modulated by migration, hunting rate, and timing of harvest
Authors: Lassis Roxane , Festa‐Bianchet Marco , Van de Walle Joanie , Pelletier Fanie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn terrestrial and marine ecosystems, migrants from protected areas may buffer the risk of harvest‐induced evolutionary changes in exploited populations that face strong selective harvest pressures. Understanding the mechanisms favoring genetic rescue through migration could help ensure evolutionarily sustainable harvest outside protected areas and conserve genetic diversity inside those areas. We developed a stochastic individual‐based metapopulation model to evaluate the potential for migration from protected areas to mitigate the evolutionary consequences of selective harvest. We parameterized the model with detailed data from individual monitoring of two populations of bighorn sheep subjected to trophy hunting. We tracked horn length through time in a large protected and a trophy‐hunted populations connected through male breeding migrations. We quantified and compared declines in horn length and rescue potential under various combinations of migration rate, hunting rate in hunted areas and temporal overlap in timing of harvest and migrations, which affects the migrants' survival and chances to breed within exploited areas. Our simulations suggest that the effects of size‐selective harvest on male horn length in hunted populations can be dampened or avoided if harvest pressure is low, migration rate is substantial, and migrants leaving protected areas have a low risk of being shot. Intense size‐selective harvest impacts the phenotypic and genetic diversity in horn length, and population structure through changes in proportions of large‐horned males, sex ratio and age structure. When hunting pressure is high and overlaps with male migrations, effects of selective removal also emerge in the protected population, so that instead of a genetic rescue of hunted populations, our model predicts undesirable effects inside protected areas. Our results stress the importance of a landscape approach to management, to promote genetic rescue from protected areas and limit ecological and evolutionary impacts of harvest on both harvested and protected populations.
LGBTQ parent concerns and parent–child communication about the Parental Rights in Education Bill (“Don't Say Gay”) in Florida
Authors: Goldberg Abbie E. , Abreu Roberto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe current study sought to understand LGBTQ parents' concerns about how Florida's Parental Rights in Education Act (commonly referred to as the “Don't Say Gay” bill) would impact their children and family unit and whether and how they communicated with children about it.BackgroundFlorida's Parental Rights in Education bill, which was signed into law in 2022, has implications for educators, youth, and families, including LGBTQ parent families. Indeed, children in LGBTQ parent families already face marginalization and erasure in school settings, where curricula and policies often primarily center and reflect heterosexual parent families.MethodWe surveyed LGBTQ parents (N = 90) in Florida in 2022. The sample was primarily cisgender women (62%) and cisgender men (26%), with most participants identifying as lesbian (52%) or gay (23%). Almost two thirds of participants (63%) were White, and almost one third (32%) were Latinx.FindingsMore than three quarters of participants were worried about the bill. Primary concerns centered on how it would restrict their children's ability to speak freely about their families in the classroom and impact their sense of self by cultivating a climate where their families were marginalized. Parents also highlighted broader concerns about how the legislation would fuel further anti‐LGBTQ sentiment. Parents with few concerns typically had very young or high‐school–age children or had children in private school. Parents who talked about the bill with their children tended to be parents of older children, with parents of younger children often emphasizing family diversity to foster a sense of pride.ConclusionThe Parental Rights in Education Act and other anti‐LGBTQ legislation have the potential to impact a range of vulnerable children and families, including LGBTQ parent families.ImplicationsYouth and family advocates and practitioners should work to educate others about the effects of this legislation and support LGBTQ parent families in collective action and resiliency efforts.
Siblings' and parents' outlook for the prospective care for a family member with PIMD
Authors: Niedbalski Jakub 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the approaches adopted by the parents and typically developing siblings as to the prospective care and support for a family member with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD).BackgroundWith an ever‐extending life span of persons with PIMD, it has become necessary for their parents to make arrangements for prospective care in which siblings may play an important role.MethodThe study was carried out by means of semistructured interviews held with parents and siblings of individuals with PIMD. The method used for analysis consisted in open and axial coding. Grounded theory methodology procedures served as the theoretical framework.ResultsParents commonly thought a future caregiving role would be an unfair burden to the typically developing siblings, who, in contrast, welcomed such a commitment.ConclusionsParents should not worry about the prospective care for their offspring with a disability given by their typically developing siblings. However, they should attend to the quality of communication, resolving discrepancies in the family members' perspectives on caregiving in the future.ImplicationsThese findings might offer insight for the parents and siblings of persons with PIMD as well as for social welfare institutions, social workers, and other professionals who work with children and their parents.
Experimental and numerical life evaluation of TBCs with different BC and diffusion coating under cyclic thermal loading
Authors: Rahimi Javad , Poursaeidi Esmaeil , Montakhabi Farzam , Sigaroodi Mohammad Rasoul Javadi , Jamalabad Yousef Yousefi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper experimentally and numerically investigates the thermally grown oxide (TGO), lifetime, and stress values in thermal barrier coatings with different bond coat (BC), without top coat (TC), and diffusion coating under cyclic thermal loading. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis shows that the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and high‐velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) fabricated sample has the highest and lowest TGO thickness and growth rate, respectively. The new coating with two BCs has a maximum lifetime of 102 cycles. After that, the lifetime of the coatings with HVOF‐BC, diffusion coating, and APS‐BC reach 84, 56, and 44 cycles, respectively. The diffusion coating does not have much effect on the TGO thickness; however, it delays the Al interdiffusion to the substrate. In the sample without the TC layer, oxygen contact with the BC layer has increased, leading to a rise in the BC oxidation rate. The numerical analysis of the stress values based on SEM images shows that the more intense TGO layer growth in APS coating caused an increase in TC layer stress values. Furthermore, the results show that the new coating with two‐layer BC has the lowest stress values. The TC absence causes the loss of compressive stresses caused by TC on TGO and increases the tensile stress values in this layer.
When means‐testing meets work‐testing: A multi‐level institutional analysis of claiming in‐work benefits in Hong Kong
Authors: Au‐Yeung Tat Chor , Wong Hung , Tang Vera , Chan Siu Ming , Zhang Yin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile there is a growing body of literature on the lived experiences of people in poverty, their interaction with the welfare delivery system at different levels is still under‐theorised. This article presents a multi‐level institutional framework to qualitatively study the low‐income families' experiences in claiming in‐work benefits (IWBs). Considering the Low‐income Working Family Allowance (LIFA) in Hong Kong as an extreme case of IWB's residualism and productivism, the findings suggest that LIFA claimants faced cycles of counter‐productive re‐assessment in their everyday frontline practices, and underwent organisational barriers in workplaces and families in collecting the proofs required by the means‐testing and work‐testing procedures. These experiences were linked to Hong Kong's macro‐systemic contexts that prioritised long working hours and strict targeting of low‐wage breadwinners. This study contributes to the literature by linking social policy implementation and welfare delivery to claiming experiences, and empirically reveals the complexities of IWBs using means‐tests and work‐tests.
Lipid metabolism in dendritic cell biology
Authors: You Zhiyuan , Chi Hongbo 
Published: May 2023

SummaryDendritic cells (DCs) are innate immune cells that detect and process environmental signals and communicate them with T cells to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. Immune signals and microenvironmental cues shape the function of DC subsets in different contexts, which is associated with reprogramming of cellular metabolic pathways. In addition to integrating these extracellular cues to meet bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands, cellular metabolism interplays with immune signaling to shape DC‐dependent immune responses. Emerging evidence indicates that lipid metabolism serves as a key regulator of DC responses. Here, we summarize the roles of fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, as well as selective metabolites, in orchestrating the functions of DCs. Specifically, we highlight how different lipid metabolic programs, including de novo fatty acid synthesis, fatty acid β oxidation, lipid storage, and cholesterol efflux, influence DC function in different contexts. Further, we discuss how dysregulation of lipid metabolism shapes DC intracellular signaling and contributes to the impaired DC function in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on key future directions for the regulation of DC biology by lipid metabolism. Insights into the connections between lipid metabolism and DC functional specialization may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for human diseases.
From southern Africa and beyond: Historical biogeography of a monocotyledonous bulbous geophyte
Authors: Howard Cody Coyotee , Nanyeni Leevi , Mollel Neduvoto , Chuba David , Zuntini Alexandre R. , Malakasi Panagiota , Harvey Timothy S. , Cellinese Nico 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimLow taxon sampling and taxonomic uncertainties still obscure our evolutionary knowledge of many taxa, especially widespread lineages across diverse landscapes. Of particular interest are those lineages inhabiting seasonal and arid landscapes, which showcase unique distributional patterns that hint at fascinating histories. Using the most comprehensive sampling to date of a widespread bulbous monocot, we hypothesize two independent dispersals to Madagascar, and that vicariance due to Miocene‐driven aridification contracted a once‐widespread distribution between Africa and Eurasia.LocationSub‐Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Eurasia.TaxonLedebouriinae (Scilloideae, Asparagaceae).MethodsUsing the Angiosperms353 probe set for 195 taxa (86 ingroup taxa), we perform phylogenetic reconstruction using IQ‐Tree, and we infer age estimates using penalized likelihood as implemented in treePL. Capitalizing on our broad geographic sampling, which includes African, Malagasy and Eurasian taxa, we use ‘BioGeoBEARS’ to reconstruct ancestral ranges and investigate the role of vicariance and dispersal.ResultsThe Ledebouriinae originated within the past c. 30 myr in south‐eastern sub‐Saharan Africa, with the major subclades arising soon thereafter. Although long‐distance dispersal cannot be fully ruled out, we argue that vicariance was the major process responsible for the current distribution of Ledebouria in Eurasia. We recover two distinct Ledebouria groups that overlap in eastern Africa but are divided into mostly northern and southern clades with divergent biogeographical histories, each showing an independent dispersal to Madagascar. A similar north–south split is seen in Drimiopsis. Additionally, we recover a complex biogeographic history in the predominantly sub‐Saharan African Ledebouria clade, with rapid radiation at c. 14 mya.Main ConclusionsThe expansion of seasonal rainfall and aridity in sub‐Saharan Africa, coupled with orogenic activity, may have fostered the diversification of the Ledebouriinae and many subclades. Miocene‐driven aridification may have caused fragmentation of a once widespread distribution that led to their occurrence in Eurasia.
The zoomorphic effect: A contribution to the study of images of pedagogical agents for children's learning in instructional videos
Authors: Wu Changcheng , Jing Bin , Gong Xue , Ma Xunzhou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundZoomorphism, an obverse of conventional anthropomorphism, has been shown in many cases to be a powerful tool with respect to the metaphorical use of animals.ObjectivesThis study introduced zoomorphism into the instructional video design of pedagogical agents (PAs).MethodWe first developed three image sets, each of which corresponded to a type of zoomorphic PA image construct (full panda, a human face with a panda body, and a human body with panda head imagery). Then, we conducted an image‐screening experiment in which 177 second‐grade students from a primary school were asked to select their favourite PA image for each image construct set. We used a realistic human PA as the baseline. Next, 114 second‐grade students from another school were randomly assigned to learn instructional videos on the topic of pandas using a PA with one of four imageries.Results and ConclusionsANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests indicated that students presented with PAs with full‐panda imagery achieved significantly higher learning performance, learning experience, social presence, and learning interest than those presented with other imageries of PAs. The regression results showed that the effect of zoomorphic PAs with full‐panda imagery on learning performance was exerted in a direct way and that its effect on learning experience was mediated by social presence and learning interest.ImplicationsOur findings suggest that zoomorphic appearance is an essential quality for video learning that merits further investigation for the efficient imagery construction of PAs.
Plaque accumulation on the fitting surface of full‐arch implant‐supported fixed prostheses with contact or noncontact pontics: A split mouth randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gong Zhenjiang , Lin Ye , Di Ping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the differences in plaque accumulation on the fitting surface of full‐arch implant‐supported fixed prostheses with contact or noncontact pontics.Materials and MethodsNineteen patients (20 prostheses, 7 in the maxilla, and 13 in the mandible) intending to undergo full‐arch implant‐supported immediate function prostheses were recruited. During immediate restoration and using the midline as the boundary, one side was restored as a pontic and mucosa noncontact type (the test group), and the opposite side was restored as a pontic and mucosa contact type (the control group). In a follow‐up 6 months after the surgery, the cleanliness of the fitting surface of the immediate prosthesis was evaluated by plaque staining and debris index determination. Patient satisfaction was investigated by questionnaire.ResultsTwenty prostheses from 19 patients included in the randomized controlled trial were followed up. Among the 20 prostheses, the percentage of area covered with plaque was significantly lower in the test group compared with that in the control group (31.5 ± 15.8% vs. 43.7 ± 15.3%; p < 0.001). The debris index in the test group was lower than that in the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (2.77 ± 0.73 vs. 3.15 ± 0.90; p > 0.05). In the patient satisfaction survey, most of the patients were satisfied with most aspects of the prostheses, however, nearly half of the patients were not satisfied with the cleaning.ConclusionsThe pontic and mucosa noncontact prosthetic design reduces plaque accumulation on the fitting surface, which is beneficial for maintaining oral cleanliness. However, the majority of study samples were mandible and conclusions may not be fully applicable to maxilla. Trial registration: www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1900028576).Clinical SignificanceThe noncontact design in full‐arch implant‐supported fixed prostheses may be an effective measure of improving oral hygiene promotion. There is need for more research that can further improve oral hygiene of patients with full‐arch implant‐supported prostheses.
Er:YAG laser combined with botulinum toxin A for patients with local syringomas: A preliminary report
Authors: Yao Bin , Chen Wenjun , Wu Shilei , Gu Qinhao , Feng Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSyringoma is a common but refractory benign skin tumor. Conventional treatment, such as ultra‐pulsed carbon dioxide (CO2) laser or cryotherapy, often requires multiple treatment and can easily cause prolonged erythema, scarring, or depression, which are frustrating, so there is an urgent need to seek a safer and more effective method. In this article, we tried to demonstrate the Er:YAG laser combined with botulinum toxin A (BTXA) as a safer and more efficacious method for treating syringomas. Materials and methods: Twenty‐one patients with local syringomas were treated with erbium laser ablation. Immediately after laser treatment, approximately 10 units of BTXA were sprayed on the wound for 10 min. Result: In total, 21 patients underwent 1.62 ± 0.74 treatments; their Periorbital Syringoma Severity Index (PSSI) score declined from 4.19 (before treatment) to 1.10 (after treatment), and the number of treatments was significantly lower than those reported in previous literature using the erbium laser alone. Conclusion: The Er:YAG laser combined with botulinum toxin A for the treatment of syringoma is a safer and more effective treatment than traditional treatment methods.