bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between genetic polymorphisms of NOD1, Interleukin‐1B, and cagA strain with low‐grade duodenal eosinophilia in Helicobacter pylori‐related dyspepsia
Authors: Barreyro Fernando Javier , Maiorana Facundo , Caronia Maria Virginia , Elizondo Karina , Schneider Adolfo , Zapata Pedro Darío 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFunctional dyspepsia (FD) is a multifactorial disorder. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)‐related dyspepsia (HpD) may be considered a separate entity. Duodenal eosinophilia is a potential pathogenic mechanism in FD. However, the impact of duodenal eosinophilia and host genetic polymorphism of innate and pro‐inflammatory cascade, nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD‐1), and interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) in HpD was not explored.AimTo evaluate the association of NOD1‐796G>A and IL‐1B‐511C>T gene variants and low‐grade duodenal eosinophilia in HpD.MethodsA multicenter cross‐sectional study was conducted. A total of 253 patients who met Rome‐IV criteria were selected before upper endoscopy and 98 patients were included after unremarkable upper endoscopy and positive H. pylori in gastric biopsies were assessed. Clinical parameters, H. pylori cagA and duodenal histology, were evaluated.ResultsSixty‐four (65%) patients had epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), 24 (25%) postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), and 10 (10%) EPS/PDS overlap. FD subtypes were not associated with NOD1‐796G>A and IL‐1B‐511C>T gene variants. Low‐grade duodenal eosinophilia was significantly increased in NOD1‐796 GG versus single A‐allele, but not in IL‐1B‐511 single T‐allele or CC‐allele. This association is dependent of cagA infection, since harboring cagA strain was significantly associated with low‐grade duodenal eosinophilia with isolated variants NOD1‐796 GG and IL‐1B‐511 single T‐allele, but not without cagA. When we performed combined polymorphism analysis with NOD1‐796 GG/IL‐1B‐511 single T‐allele, a synergistic effect on low‐grade duodenal eosinophilia was found between these two loci irrespective of cagA strain status in HpD.ConclusionOur findings suggest that low‐grade duodenal eosinophilia is significantly associated with NOD1‐796 GG allele specially in cagA strain and with allelic combination NOD1‐796 GG/IL‐1B‐511 single T‐allele independent of cagA strain infection in HpD patients.
A prognostic model based on regulatory T‐cell‐related genes in gastric cancer: Systematic construction and validation
Authors: Tong Qin , Ling Yingjie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman gastrointestinal tumours have been shown to contain massive numbers of tumour infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs), the presence of which are closely related to tumour immunity. This study was designed to develop new Treg‐related prognostic biomarkers to monitor the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Treg‐related prognostic genes were screened from Treg‐related differentially expressed genes in GC patients by using Cox regression analysis, based on which a prognostic model was constructed. Then, combined with RiskScore, survival curve, survival status assessment and ROC analysis, these genes were used to verify the accuracy of the model, whose independent prognostic ability was also evaluated. Six Treg‐related prognostic genes (CHRDL1, APOC3, NPTX1, TREML4, MCEMP1, GH2) in GC were identified, and a 6‐gene Treg‐related prognostic model was constructed. Survival analysis revealed that patients had a higher survival rate in the low‐risk group. Combining clinicopathological features, we performed univariate and multivariate regression analyses, with results establishing that the RiskScore was an independent prognostic factor. Predicted 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year survival rates of GC patients had a good fit with the actual survival rates according to nomogram results. In addition patients in the low‐risk group had higher tumour mutational burden (TMB) values. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that genes in the high‐risk group were significantly enriched in pathways related to immune inflammation, tumour proliferation and migration. In general, we constructed a 6‐gene Treg‐associated GC prognostic model with good prediction accuracy, where RiskScore could act as an independent prognostic factor. This model is expected to provide a reference for clinicians to estimate the prognosis of GC patients.
Teacher questions: A comparative analysis between English‐medium and Basque‐medium lessons at university
Authors: Serna‐Bermejo Iratxe , Lasagabaster David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article we present a comparative study in which we analyzed teacher questions in two different languages of instruction, namely, English‐medium instruction (EMI) and Basque‐medium instruction (BMI) classes at university. For this purpose, we videotaped and analyzed two teachers who delivered 29 lessons forming a corpus of 39 h of recording. The tool used for classroom observations and for the analysis was the Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching observation scheme, which was then followed by statistical analyses. Results revealed that the language of instruction did not exert an influence on questioning practices, since there were no significant differences between EMI and BMI lessons. However, results revealed teachers and their teaching style as an influential variable when it came to questioning. In both languages the most utilized types of questions were Display Questions, followed by Convergent Referential Questions, which indicated that lower‐order questions predominated over higher‐order questions. As for pedagogical implications, we highlight the need for teacher training so that lecturers become aware of the importance of promoting interaction in the classroom through questions, as well as the positive impact of asking higher‐order questions that entail a cognitive challenge for the students.
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Isaq Nasro A. , Anand Nimay , Camilleri Michael J. , Mohandesi Nessa A. , Alavi Afsaneh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is a benign neutrophilic dermatosis not well recognized beyond an association with malignancy. Although the disease is commonly reported in adults with malignancy, this association is uncommon in children. The diagnosis of NEH is predominantly based on histologic findings to exclude alternative diagnoses for adults, but biopsy is not usually required for children.MethodsA retrospective study was performed of adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with NEH at three Mayo Clinic sites from January 1, 1992, to January 1, 2022. The aim of this study was to elucidate risk factors for NEH and its clinical characteristics, treatment options, and natural course. Clinical information and pathologic results were collected from health records. Available pathologic slides were reviewed with a dermatopathologist.ResultsOf 47 patients identified, 33 had either histologic or clinical confirmation of the diagnosis; 21 were adults (64%), and 12 were children (36%). Most adults (16/21; 76%) had underlying malignancy and received chemotherapy. Five adults (24%) were classified as having idiopathic NEH, and they were younger and had higher NEH recurrence rates than the other adults. Only one pediatric patient (8%) had underlying malignancy. For 10 children (83%), NEH was preceded by strenuous activity. Initial findings of idiopathic NEH were palmoplantar eruptions for both adult and pediatric patients, whereas malignancy‐associated NEH commonly involved the face and axillae.ConclusionsAmong adults, NEH is commonly associated with malignancy and chemotherapy. Among children, idiopathic NEH occurs primarily after overexertion, and malignancy is highly unlikely to be the cause of NEH.
Optimisation of fish gelatin and red pitaya peel powder edible film production
Authors: Rahma Rizka Aulia , Putri Widya Dwi Rukmi , Megatri Atanasia Adventina , Nur Mokhamad , Mubarok Ahmad Zaki , Wardana Ata Aditya 
Published: June 2023

SummaryGrowing awareness of the environmental devastation caused by plastic packaging, particularly in the food industry, has led to the emergence of the concept of a renewable and environmentally safe consumable film as an alternative to plastic. Red pitaya (dragon fruit) peel (RPP), which has a high pectin content, can be used as an additional ingredient or co‐biopolymer to enhance the functional properties of fish gelatin (FG) edible film. Edible films were produced using casting techniques and varying concentrations of FG (3.2%–8.8% w/v) and RPP (0.2%–1.0%) with the aid of Central Composite Design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by Design Expert 13's software. The optimal formulation consisted of 5.97% (w/v) FG and 0.45% (w/v) RPP. Increasing the concentrations of RPP and FG affected the thickness (0.18–0.36 mm), water solubility (46.72%–66.78%), brightness (60.04–79.02), redness (7.08–28.36), yellowness (2.48–8.44), and opacity (0.85–2.58) of the physical properties. Mechanical testing revealed a tensile strength between 2.76 and 9.34 MPa and a break elongation between 82.78% and 153.89%. The results suggested the physical and mechanical properties of RPP‐based films were greatly affected by concentration of gelatin.
Effects of nasoalveolar molding on maxillary arch dimensions and malocclusion characteristics in primary dentition patients with cleft lip and palate
Authors: Ocak Irmak , Akarsu‐Guven Bengisu , Karakaya Jale , Ozgur Figen , Aksu Muge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNasoalveolar molding (NAM) is a presurgical orthopedic technique used in the management of cleft lip and palate deformities. Despite the widespread use of NAM therapy, there is a need for further investigation to assess its specific effects on arch dimensions and malocclusion characteristics.AimTo evaluate the effects of NAM therapy on maxillary arch dimensions and malocclusion characteristics in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP).DesignPatients in primary dentition were referred to the Institutional Department of Orthodontics. The NAM group consisted of 21 patients with UCLP (mean age 4.7 ± 0.7 years) and 12 patients with BCLP (mean age 4.8 ± 0.7 years). Sixteen patients with UCLP (mean age 4.9 ± 0.9 years) and five patients with BCLP (mean age 5.4 ± 1.1 years) were included in the non‐NAM group. The plaster models of all patients were digitized. Dental arch dimensions and malocclusion characteristics were analyzed via digital software. One‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction was used for statistical analysis.ResultsIntercanine and intermolar widths showed statistically significant differences according to the cleft type (p < .01). There was no statistically significant effect of NAM therapy on maxillary arch parameters and malocclusion characteristics (p > .05). The prevalence of anterior crossbite was 12.1% in the NAM group and 23.8% in the non‐NAM group.ConclusionNAM therapy did not affect the maxillary arch dimensions and malocclusion characteristics in patients with UCLP and BCLP. The cleft type was the main factor, leading to a significant difference in maxillary widths.
Local prior information and mainland overflow explain avian colonisation in a major land‐bridge island
Authors: Martínez‐Abraín Alejandro , Crespo Jorge , Rebassa Maties 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThe relative roles of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and those of local and regional variables, in island colonisation, remain major biogeographical questions. Thus, we analysed avian colonisation records of a large land‐bridge island, defining successful colonisation as the occurrence of breeding during at least 3 consecutive years, at species level with the aim of identifying the main determinants of island colonisation by birds.LocationMallorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean).Major TaxaAll avian species recorded in Mallorca Island.MethodsWe performed logistic regression by fitting generalised linear mixed models to data. We explored seven explanatory variables and performed model selection based on Akaike's information criterion.ResultsA total of 26 bird species colonised the island during the study period, a rate of ca. 0.7 colonising species/year. Only seven species were found to attempt colonisation unsuccessfully. Bird species with the highest colonisation probabilities were those with growing population trends on the mainland and a previous status as wintering species on the island (0.58), followed by wintering species with a stable population trend on the mainland (0.37).Main ConclusionsThe high rate of colonisation indicates that the process of incorporation of new species has been very dynamic. Colonisation was dependent on a local factor (having prior information about the island) and a regional factor (density dependence on the nearby continent). However, it was not influenced by body size, diet, habitat or IUCN level of threat. Based on the results of our modelling, we present a predictive list of likely future colonisers.
Comparison of first‐ and second‐generation leadless pacemakers in patients with sinus rhythm and complete atrioventricular block
Authors: Lenormand Thibault , Abou Khalil Kassem , Bodin Alexandre , Babuty Dominique , Bisson Arnaud , Clementy Nicolas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe efficacy and safety of leadless cardiac pacemakers (LPMs) as an alternative to conventional transvenous cardiac pacing have been largely reported. The first generation of the MicraTM transcatheter pacing system (VR; Medtronic) was able to provide single‐chamber VVI(R) pacing mode only, with a potential risk of pacemaker syndrome in sinus rhythm patients. A second‐generation system (AV) now provides atrioventricular synchrony through atrial mechanical (Am) sensing capability (VDD mode).ObjectiveWe sought to compare VR and AV systems in sinus rhythm patients with chronic ventricular pacing (Vp) for complete atrioventricular block.MethodsAll consecutive patients implanted with an LPM in our department for complete atrioventricular block were retrospectively screened. Patients with atrial fibrillation, sinus dysfunction, or Vp burden <20% at 1 month postimplantation were excluded. Patients were systematically followed with a visit at 1 month, and then at least once a year.ResultsA total of 93 patients—45 VR (2015–2020) and 48 AV (2020–2021)—were included. VR and AV patients had similar baseline characteristics, except for VR patients being older (80 ± 8 vs. 77 ± 9 years, p = 0.049). The mean Vp burden was 77% in the VR and 82% in the AV group (p = 0.38). In AV patients, the median AV synchronous beats rate was 78%, with 65% having a >66% rate. An E/A ratio <1.2 as measured on echocardiography was the only independent predictor of accurate atrial mechanical tracking (p = 0.01). One‐year survival rate was similar in both groups. Five patients in the VR and 0 in the AV group eventually developed pacemaker syndrome within 1 year post‐implantation (p = 0.02).ConclusionIn sinus rhythm patients with chronic Vp for complete atrioventricular block implanted with an LPM, the atrial mechanical sensing algorithm allowed significant atrioventricular synchrony in most patients and was associated with no occurrence of—otherwise rare—pacemaker syndrome.
Detection of a knockdown mutation in the voltage‐sensitive sodium channel associated with permethrin tolerance in Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis mites
Authors: Riebenbauer K. , Purkhauser K. , Walochnik J. , Urban N. , Weber P. B. , Stamm T. , Handisurya A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence has sparked a debate on the loss of sensitivity of scabies mites to conventional permethrin therapy. Mutations in the voltage‐sensitive sodium channels (VSSC) were associated with knockdown resistance (kdr) in many arthropods, but have never been identified in Sarcoptes scabiei variatio (var.) hominis mites.ObjectivesTo identify factors contributing to therapy failure.MethodsSixty‐seven mites were collected from 64 scabies‐infested patients in Vienna, Austria, of whom 85.9% were refractory to prior permethrin‐based treatments, and genotyped for the presence of nucleotide polymorphisms in Domain II of the VSSC, known to be associated with kdr. Information regarding previous antiscabietic therapies, decontamination procedures and possible re‐infestations by contacts as well as the response to re‐imposed therapies were obtained.ResultsSequence alignment comparisons revealed previously unidentified mutations in the coding region of Domain II of the VSSC. A novel A1663T transversion was detected in 97.0% of the mites, resulting in a non‐synonymous substitution from methionine to leucine, M918L, a mutation known to confer kdr in other arthropods. In addition, a synonymous G1659A transition was identified in one mite, which otherwise showed a nucleotide sequence identical to the wild‐type reference. No major inconsistencies were observed within the previous therapeutic and decontamination procedures, which could have accounted for the observed non‐responsiveness to permethrin‐based therapies. Subsequent cure of infestation was achieved in 65.6% of the participants, predominantly by combination therapies with topical permethrin and systemic ivermectin. However, in 14.6% of the cured cases, permethrin monotherapy sufficed for eradication of scabies, albeit in some cases prolonged exposure was necessary.ConclusionsThe kdr‐associated M918L mutation in the VSSC gene has now emerged in S. scabiei var. hominis mites. Hence, loss of sensitivity to permethrin due to kdr‐type resistance may be more prevalent than anticipated and may be decisive for the therapy responsiveness of scabies‐infested patients.
Review of housing and husbandry of anemonefishes for use in research
Authors: Gendron Matthew E. , Buston Peter M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnemonefishes of the genus Amphiprion are emerging as a model organism for marine science, so there is potentially a lot for the research community to gain by optimizing and standardizing housing and husbandry protocols. Here, we conducted a literature review and a questionnaire survey regarding the housing and husbandry of anemonefishes for use in research. The questionnaire survey was completed by 27 laboratories, with a 45% response rate, across 11 different countries in Europe, North America, Asia and Australia. Results from the literature review identified that housing and husbandry protocols varied widely in terms of tank volume, diet composition and lighting type for the housing of broodstock pairs. These results also emphasize the significant impacts that variation in housing and husbandry protocols have on fish. Results from the questionnaire survey confirmed this. We identified multiple opportunities for improvement of protocols, including the potential for exchange of larvae between laboratories to create strains and reduce pressure on natural populations. In conclusion, our research suggests that the anemonefish research community should be discussing the optimization and standardization of housing and husbandry or, minimally, recognizing that housing and husbandry influence a wide range of traits and will influence the results and conclusions drawn from experiments.
Effect of static magnetic field assisted freezing on the product quality of Korla fragrant pear
Authors: Qiao Jiangshan , Zhang Min , Fang Zhongxiang , Fu Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFreezing is a good method of preserving the sensory and nutritional quality of fresh fruits and vegetables. However, big ice crystals always form in a common freezing process which causes mechanical damage to the fruit and vegetable cells and results in low‐quality products. The external magnetic field can interfere with the state of the internal water, thus changing the ice crystal formation process accordingly. It was suggested that suitable magnetic field treatments can affect the biological characteristics of fruits and vegetables and improve the quality of the frozen products. In this experiment, Korla fragrant pear was freezing processed at the different static magnetic field (SMF) strengths (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mT), and the pear quality was evaluated by juice loss, color, texture, total soluble solid content and total acid content, water state, and distribution. The results showed that the utilization of SMF in freezing reduced the loss of juice and soluble solids, and maintained the titratable acidity. However, SMFs performed poorly in color and texture protection. This research suggested that magnetic field‐assisted freezing had some positive effects on the quality of frozen Korla fragrant pear, but more works need to be done to further improve the product quality.Practical applicationsThis research emphasizes the positive effect of static magnetic field treatment on improving the freezing rate and optimizing the freezing process of Korla fragrant pear, which also provides a new idea and practical reference for the potential application of static magnetic field in freezing preservation of fruits and vegetables.
Nutritional therapy for persistent cognitive impairment after resolution of overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sharma Barjesh Chander , Maharshi Sudhir , Sachdeva Sanjeev , Mahajan Bhawna , Sharma Ashok , Bara Sushma , Srivastava Siddharth , Kumar Ajay , Dalal Ashok , Sonika Ujjwal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimMinimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) reflects cognitive impairment in patients with liver cirrhosis and is associated with poor prognosis. We assessed the effects of nutritional therapy on cognitive functions, health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), anthropometry, endotoxins, and inflammatory markers in cirrhotic patients with MHE.MethodsIn a double‐blind randomized controlled trial, cirrhotic patients with MHE were randomized to nutritional therapy (group I: 30–35 kcal/kg/day and 1.0–1.5 g of protein/kg/day) and no nutritional therapy (group II: diet as patients were taking before) for 6 months. MHE was diagnosed based on psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES). Anthropometry, ammonia, endotoxins, inflammatory markers, myostatin, and HRQOL were assessed at baseline and after 6 months. Primary endpoints were improvement or worsening in MHE and HRQOL.ResultsA total of 150 patients were randomized to group I (n = 75, age 46.3 ± 12.5 years, 58 men) and group II (n = 75, age 45.2 ± 9.3 years, 56 men). Baseline PHES (−8.16 ± 1.42 vs −8.24 ± 1.43; P = 0.54) was comparable in both groups. Reversal of MHE was higher in group I (73.2% vs 21.4%; P = 0.001) than group II. Improvement in PHES (Δ PHES 4.0 ± 0.60 vs −4.18 ± 0.40; P = 0.001), HRQOL (Δ Sickness Impact Profile 3.24 ± 3.63 vs 0.54 ± 3.58; P = 0.001), anthropometry, ammonia, endotoxins, cytokines, and myostatin levels was also significantly higher in group I than group II. Overt hepatic encephalopathy developed in 6 patients in group I and 13 in group II (P = 0.04).ConclusionsNutritional therapy is effective in treatment of MHE and associated with improvement in nutritional status, HRQOL, ammonia, endotoxins, inflammatory markers, and myostatin levels.
The impact of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on facial emotion recognition in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Duits Annelien A. , de Ronde Eva M. , Vinke R. Saman , Vos Sandra H. , Esselink Rianne A. J. , Kessels Roy P. C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is successful in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) but may worsen cognitive outcome, including facial emotion recognition (FER). Data‐analyses on 59 consecutive PD patients with complete pre‐ and postoperative assessments, using a sensitive FER test, showed no changes in FER 1 year after STN‐DBS surgery, both after group and individual analyses. These findings do however not exclude the impact of FER in and on itself on the outcome after STN‐DBS.