bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating machine learning algorithms to Predict 30-day Unplanned REadmission (PURE) in Urology patients
Authors: Welvaars Koen , van den Bekerom Michel P. J. , Doornberg Job N. , van Haarst Ernst P. ,   OLVG Urology Consortium, van der Zee J. A. , van Andel G. A. , Lagerveld B. W. , Hovius M. C. , Kauer P. C. , Boevé L. M. S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Unplanned hospital readmissions are serious medical adverse events, stressful to patients, and expensive for hospitals. This study aims to develop a probability calculator to predict unplanned readmissions (PURE) within 30-days after discharge from the department of Urology, and evaluate the respective diagnostic performance characteristics of the PURE probability calculator developed with machine learning (ML) algorithms comparing regression versus classification algorithms.

Methods
Eight ML models (i.e. logistic regression, LASSO regression, RIDGE regression, decision tree, bagged trees, boosted trees, XGBoost trees, RandomForest) were trained on 5.323 unique patients with 52 different features, and evaluated on diagnostic performance of PURE within 30 days of discharge from the department of Urology.

Results
Our main findings were that performances from classification to regression algorithms had good AUC scores (0.62–0.82), and classification algorithms showed a stronger overall performance as compared to models trained with regression algorithms. Tuning the best model, XGBoost, resulted in an accuracy of 0.83, sensitivity of 0.86, specificity of 0.57, AUC of 0.81, PPV of 0.95, and a NPV of 0.31.

Conclusions
Classification models showed stronger performance than regression models with reliable prediction for patients with high probability of readmission, and should be considered as first choice. The tuned XGBoost model shows performance that indicates safe clinical appliance for discharge management in order to prevent an unplanned readmission at the department of Urology.
Old-age mental telehealth services at primary healthcare centers in low- resource areas in Greece: design, iterative development and single-site pilot study findings
Authors: Politis Antonios , Vorvolakos Theofanis , Kontogianni Evaggelia , Alexaki Maria , Georgiou Eleni-Zacharoula , Aggeletaki Eleutheria , Gkampra Maria , Delatola Maria , Delatolas Antonis , Efkarpidis Apostolos , Thanopoulou Elissavet , Kostoulas Konstantinos , Naziri Vassiliki , Petrou Anna , Savvopoulou Kalliopi , Siarkos Kostas , Soldatos Rigas Filippos , Stamos Vasileios , Nguyen Kim-Huong , Leroi Iracema , Kiosses Dimitrios , Tsimpanis Konstantinos , Alexopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Even though communities in low-resource areas across the globe are aging, older adult mental and cognitive health services remain mainly embedded in tertiary- or secondary hospital settings, and thus not easily accessible by older adults living in such communities. Here, the iterative development of INTegRated InterveNtion of pSychogerIatric Care (INTRINSIC) services addressing the mental and cognitive healthcare needs of older adults residing in low-resource areas of Greece is depicted.

Methods
INTRINSIC was developed and piloted in three iterative phases: (i) INTRINSIC initial version conceptualization; (ii) A 5-year field testing in Andros island; and (iii) Extending the services. The INTRINSIC initial version relied on a digital platform enabling videoconferencing, a flexible battery of diagnostic tools, pharmacological treatment and psychosocial support and the active involvement of local communities in service shaping.

Results
Ιn 61% of the 119 participants of the pilot study, new diagnoses of mental and/or neurocognitive disorders were established. INTRINSIC resulted in a significant reduction in the distance travelled and time spent to visit mental and cognitive healthcare services. Participation was prematurely terminated due to dissatisfaction, lack of interest or insight in 13 cases (11%). Based on feedback and gained experiences, a new digital platform, facilitating e-training of healthcare professionals and public awareness raising, and a risk factor surveillance system were created, while INTRINSIC services were extended to incorporate a standardized sensory assessment and the modified problem adaptation therapy.

Conclusion
The INTRINSIC model may be a pragmatic strategy to improve access of older adults with mental and cognitive disorders living in low-resource areas to healthcare services.
Factors associated to patients’ referral to public or private Covid-19 healthcare centers in Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Jafari Nasrin , Akbari Hossein , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Dorosti Abbasali , Khayatzadeh Simin , Mohammadpoorasl Asghar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In Iran, tracking of patients and its associated data recording in private healthcare centers are poor, and thus a majority of patients suffering from Covid-19 are treated without any control on the isolation and quarantine processes. The present study aims to investigate the factors contributed to referral to private or public healthcare centers that provide Covid-19 care services.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to January 2022 in Tabriz, Iran. We invited a total of 258 and 202Covid-19 patients from governmental and private healthcare centers, respectively, to participate in the study by convenient sampling method. Applying a self-administered questionnaire, we collected data on the reason of referring to the healthcare centers, patient’s waiting time, quality of healthcare services received by the patients, patients’ level of satisfaction, accessibility, insurance coverage, perceived severity of the disease, and the level of staff compliance from health protocols. Logistic regression model was used for data analysis by using SPSS-26 software.

Results
Adjusted for other variables, higher socio-economic status (AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) = 6.64), older age (AOR = 1.02), referral of friends and family members (AOR = 1.52), shorter waiting time (AOR = 1.02) and higher satisfaction (AOR = 1.02) were contributed to referral to private centers. Better accessibility (AOR = 0.98) and wider insurance coverage (AOR = 0.99) were also contributed to referral to governmental centers.

Conclusion
Providing more appropriate insurance coverage by private healthcare centers, and promoting their level of accessibility seems to promote patients’ referral to such centers. Moreover, establishing an accurate system for recording patients’ information and follow up in private centers might promote the role of private healthcare centers in managing the overload of patients on healthcare system during such epidemics.
LSM2 is associated with a poor prognosis and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in skin cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Sun Xiaofang , Zhang Jianping , Hu Jiayuan , Han Qingdong , Ge Zili 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is an extremely malignant tumor that is associated with a poor prognosis. LSM2 has been found to be related to different types of tumors; however, its role in SKCM is poorly defined. We aimed to determine the value of LSM2 as a prognostic biomarker for SKCM.

Methods
The expression profile of LSM2 mRNA was compared between tumor and normal tissues in public databases, such as TCGA, GEO, and BioGPS. LSM2 protein expression was explored using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on a tissue microarray containing 44 SKCM tissues and 8 normal samples collected at our center. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess the prognostic value of LSM2 expression in patients with SKCM. SKCM cell lines with LSM2 knockdown were used to determine the effects of LSM2. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and colony formation assays were conducted to assess cell proliferation, whereas wound healing and transwell assays were carried out to assess the migration and invasion abilities of SKCM cells.

Results
LSM2 was more highly expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in SKCM than that in normal skin. Moreover, elevated expression of LSM2 was associated with shorter survival time and early recurrence in patients with SKCM. The in vitro results revealed that the silencing of LSM2 in SKCM cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.

Conclusion
Overall, LSM2 contributes to malignant status and poor prognosis in patients with SKCM and may be identified as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Regulation of whole-transcriptome sequencing expression in COPD after personalized precise exercise training: a pilot study
Authors: Liu Panpan , Zhang Meilan , Gao Hongchang , Han Shaojun , Liu Jinming , Sun Xingguo , Zhao Lei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world’s leading causes of death and a major chronic respiratory disease. Aerobic exercise, the cornerstone of pulmonary rehabilitation, improves prognosis of COPD patients; however, few studies have comprehensively examined the changes in RNA transcript levels and the crosstalk between various transcripts in this context. This study identified the expression of RNA transcripts in COPD patients who engaged in aerobic exercise training for 12 weeks, and further constructions of the possible RNAs networks were made.

Methods
Peripheral blood samples for all four COPD patients who benefited from 12 weeks of PR were collected pre- and post-aerobic exercises and evaluated for the expression of mRNA, miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA with high-throughput RNA sequencing followed by GEO date validation. In addition, enrichment analyses were conducted on different expressed mRNAs. LncRNA-mRNA and circRNA-mRNA coexpression networks, as well as lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA competing expression networks (ceRNAs) in COPD were constructed.

Results
We identified and analyzed the differentially expressed mRNAs and noncoding RNAs in the peripheral blood of COPD patients’ post-exercise. Eighty-six mRNAs, 570 lncRNAs, 8 miRNAs, and 2087 circRNAs were differentially expressed. Direct function enrichment analysis and Gene Set Variation Analysis showed that differentially expressed RNAs(DE-RNAs) correlated with several critical biological processes such as chemotaxis, DNA replication, anti-infection humoral response, oxidative phosphorylation, and immunometabolism, which might affect the progression of COPD. Some DE-RNAs were validated by Geo databases and RT-PCR, and the results were highly correlated with RNA sequencing. We constructed ceRNA networks of DE-RNAs in COPD.

Conclusions
The systematic understanding of the impact of aerobic exercise on COPD was achieved using transcriptomic profiling. This research offers a number of potential candidates for clarifying the regulatory mechanisms that exercise has on COPD, which could ultimately help in understanding the pathophysiology of COPD.
In vitro fertilization with frozen embryo transfer increased histamine-mediated contractile sensitivity via PKCβ in human umbilical vein
Authors: Tang Jiaqi , Qi Linglu , He Yun , Li Na , Zhang Ze , Zhou Xiuwen , Su Hongyu , Zheng Qiutong , Zhang Yumeng , Tao Jianying , Xu Zhice 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) technologies (especially frozen ET) have been widely used, which might affect maternal and fetal health. Information regarding influence of IVF-ET on the vasoconstriction of human umbilical vein (HUV) is limited. This study determined effects of frozen ET on histamine-mediated vascular responses in HUV and related mechanisms.

Methods and results
HUVs were collected from frozen ET conceived pregnancy and spontaneously conceived pregnancy (control). Histamine concentration in umbilical plasma was higher in frozen ET group than the control. Histamine-mediated contractile response curve was left-shifted in the frozen ET group when comparing with the control. In isolated HUV rings, H1R showed a critical role in regulating vascular constriction, while H2R played little roles in regulating vessel tone. Iberiotoxin and 4-aminopyridine didn’t significantly change histamine-mediated constriction in HUVs. Histamine-induced vasoconstrictions were significantly decreased by nifedipine, KN93, or GF109203X, while the inhibitory effects were significantly greater in the frozen ET group in comparison to the control. The constrictions by Bay K8644, phenylephrine, or PDBu were stronger in frozen ET, respectively. There was a decrease in the protein expressions of H1R and H2R, an increase in protein expressions of BKCaα and PKCβ.

Conclusions
Histamine-induced constriction in HUV was mainly via H1R. The increased sensitivity to histamine in HUV following frozen ET cycles were linked to the enhanced PKCβ protein expression and function. The new data and findings in this study provide important insight into influences of frozen ET on fetal vessel development and potential influence in long-term.
Knockdown of circSOD2 ameliorates osteoarthritis progression via the miR-224-5p/PRDX3 axis
Authors: Li Hao , Cao Yong , Chang Chongfei , Huang Wenping , Su Songchuan , Peng Zhenggang , Zhang Jiajin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Although the implications of circular RNAs (circRNAs) with the progression of diverse pathological conditions have been reported, the circRNA players in osteoarthritis (OA) are barely studied.

Methods
In this study, twenty-five OA patients who received arthroplasty were recruited for cartilage tissue collection. Public circRNA microarray data from Gene Expression Omnibus was retrieved for circRNA identification. An in vitro cell model of OA-related damages was constructed by treating human chondrocytes (CHON-001 cell line) with IL-1β, and circSOD2 siRNA was used to silence circSOD2 expression to study its functional role in apoptosis, inflammatory responses, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Besides, we investigated the functional interactions among circSOD2, miR-224-5p, and peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) by luciferase reporter assay, RNA-immunoprecipitation assay, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results
Our findings revealed the overexpression of circSOD2 in the OA cartilage and cell samples, and circSOD2 knockdown alleviated ECM degradation, inflammation, and apoptosis in CHON-001 cell model. In addition, our findings suggested the regulatory function of circSOD2 knockdown on miR-224-5p expression, while miR-224-5p was capable of downregulating PRDX3 expression. The co-transfection of miR-224-5p inhibitor or pcDNA-PRDX3 could prevent the effect of circSOD2 knockdown.

Conclusion
Hence, our results demonstrated that knockdown of circSOD2 may serve as an intervention strategy to alleviate OA progression through modulating miR-224-5p/PRDX3 signaling axis.
Activation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 produces an antidepressant-like effect via MAS receptors in mice
Authors: Nakagawasai Osamu , Takahashi Kohei , Koyama Taisei , Yamagata Ryota , Nemoto Wataru , Tan-No Koichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAngiotensin (Ang)-converting-enzyme (ACE) 2 converts Ang II into Ang (1–7), which in turn acts on MAS receptors (ACE2/Ang (1–7)/MAS receptors pathway). This pathway has neuroprotective properties, making it a potential therapeutic target for psychiatric disorders such as depression. Thus, we examined the effects of diminazene aceturate (DIZE), an ACE2 activator, on depressive-like behavior using behavioral, pharmacological, and biochemical assays. To determine whether DIZE or Ang (1–7) produce antidepressant-like effects, we measured the duration of immobility of mice in the tail suspension test following their intracerebroventricular administration. Next, we measured the levels of ACE2 activation in the cerebral cortex, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala after DIZE injection, and examined which cell types, including neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, express ACE2 in the hippocampus using immunofluorescence. Administration of DIZE or Ang (1–7) significantly shortened the duration of immobility time in the tail suspension test, while this effect was inhibited by the co-administration of the MAS receptor antagonist A779. DIZE activated ACE2 in the hippocampus. ACE2 was localized to neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in the hippocampus. In conclusion, these results suggest that DIZE may act on ACE2-positive cells in the hippocampus where it increases the activity of ACE2, thereby enhancing signaling of the ACE2/Ang (1–7)/MAS receptor pathway and resulting in antidepressant-like effects.
Insulinoma with peripheral neuropathy: a case report
Authors: Vinhosa Bastos Marco Aurélio , da Silva Caires Iago , Boschi Portella Renata , Nascimento Martins Rogério , Reverdito Ronald , Reverdito Stephen , Moro Nilson 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Insulinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that typically present with hypoglycemic crises. Peripheral neuropathy is an uncommon complication of insulinoma. Most clinicians expect peripheral neuropathy symptoms to reverse completely after the insulin-secreting tumor is resected, but this may be a misassumption.

Case report
We report a case of a 16-year-old Brazilian boy with clonic muscle spasms of the lower limbs for almost one year. Disabling paraparesis and confusional episodes had progressively set in as well. There were no sensorial abnormalities in the lower limbs, upper limbs or cranial nerves. An electromyography revealed a motor neuropathy of the lower limbs. The diagnosis of insulinoma was established as serum insulin and C-peptide concentrations were inappropriately normal during spontaneous episodes of hypoglycemia. Following a normal abdominal magnetic resonance scan, the imaging work-up continued with an endoscopic ultrasound, which localized the tumor at the pancreatic body-tail transition. Once localized, a prompt surgical removal (enucleation) of the tumor was undertaken, leading to an immediate and complete resolution of hypoglycemia. The time length between the onset of symptoms and tumor resection was 15 months. After surgery, the symptoms of peripheral neuropathy of the lower limbs showed a slow and only partial improvement. At a two-year follow-up after surgery, although being able to lead a normal and productive life, the patient still reported symptoms of reduced muscular strength in the lower limbs and a new electroneuromyography analysis showed chronic denervation and reinnervation in the legs’ muscles—indicating chronic neuropathic injury.

Conclusion
The events of this case reinforce the importance of an agile diagnostic work-up and spry definitive treatment for patients with this uncommon disease, enabling the cure of neuroglycopenia before permanent bothersome complications ensue.
HVS-inspired adversarial image generation with high perceptual quality
Authors: Xue Yuan , Jin Jian , Sun Wen , Lin Weisi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdversarial images are able to fool the Deep Neural Network (DNN) based visual identity recognition systems, with the potential to be widely used in online social media for privacy-preserving purposes, especially in edge-cloud computing. However, most of the current techniques used for adversarial attacks focus on enhancing their ability to attack without making a deliberate, methodical, and well-researched effort to retain the perceptual quality of the resulting adversarial examples. This makes obvious distortion observed in the adversarial examples and affects users’ photo-sharing experience. In this work, we propose a method for generating images inspired by the Human Visual System (HVS) in order to maintain a high level of perceptual quality. Firstly, a novel perceptual loss function is proposed based on Just Noticeable Difference (JND), which considered the loss beyond the JND thresholds. Then, a perturbation adjustment strategy is developed to assign more perturbation to the insensitive color channel according to the sensitivity of the HVS for different colors. Experimental results indicate that our algorithm surpasses the SOTA techniques in both subjective viewing and objective assessment on the VGGFace2 dataset.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of infection prevention and control precautions among laboratory staff: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Aldhamy Haifa , Maniatopoulos Gregory , McCune Victoria L. , Mansi Ilaf , Althaqafy Majid , Pearce Mark S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical laboratories provide diagnostic testing services to support the effective delivery of care in today’s complex healthcare systems. Processing clinical material and the use of chemicals or radiation presents potential hazard to laboratory workers, from both biological and chemical sources. Nevertheless, the laboratory should be a safe workplace if the identification of possible hazards, clear guidelines, safety rules and infection prevention and control (IPC) precautions are applied and followed. The main aim of this systematic review was to identify, critically appraise and synthesise the research evidence to gain a clear explanation of the implementation and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of IPC guidelines among hospital laboratory staff.

Methods
For this systematic review we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and CINAHL (EBSCO), PubMed, grey literature, reference lists and citations for studies published between database inception and November, 2021. All qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies whose aim was to explore risk perception and KAP of IPC guidelines among laboratory staff in any healthcare setting were included, without language or date restrictions. Evidence was narratively synthesised into group of themes. The quality of the evidence was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institutes Critical Appraisal Tools.

Results
After the full-text screening, a total of 34 articles remained and were included in the final review. Thirty papers were considered to be of high quality and the remaining four were considered to be of low quality. The available evidence shows that there was good knowledge, good attitudes and moderate immunisation status, but there was still poor practice of IPC precautions and an inadequate level of training among laboratory workers.

Conclusion
There is a gap among KAP related to the implementation of IPC guidelines, which indicates that laboratory staff may be at high risk of acquiring infections in the workplace. These findings suggest that training (including IPC precautions, safety policies, safety equipment and materials, safety activities, initial biohazard handling, ongoing monitoring and potential exposure) of laboratory staff to increase their knowledge about IPC precautions could improve their use of these precautions.