bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the pure effect of weight on cardiac function in patients with cardiac syndrome X
Authors: Zoroufian Arezou , Sahebjam Mohammad , Rezaee Malihe , Hosseini Kaveh , Fallahzadeh Aida , Jalali Arash , Salehi Safoura 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundObese patients have more coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors that may affect myocardial function. We aimed to assess the ability of echocardiography‐derived conventional parameters, left atrial strain, and global longitudinal strain to detect early diastolic and systolic dysfunction in obese individuals with almost no CAD risk factors.MethodWe studied 100 participants with structurally normal hearts, ejection fractions above 50%, almost normal coronary arteries in coronary angiogram (syndrome X), and no cardiovascular risk factor except dyslipidemia. Participants were classified as normal‐weight (BMI < 25.0 kg/m2, n = 28) and high‐weight (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, n = 72). Conventional echocardiographic parameters and two‐dimensional speckle tracking (2DSTE) were used to measure peak LA strain and global longitudinal strain to evaluate diastolic and systolic function, respectively.ResultThere was no significant difference in the standard and conventional echocardiographic parameters between the two groups. 2DSTE echocardiographic parameters of the longitudinal deformation of the LV myocardium were not significantly different within the two groups. However, there were significant differences between the subjects with normal‐weight and high‐weight in terms of LA strain (34.51 ± 8.98% vs. 39.06 ± 8.62%, p = .021). The normal‐weight group had lower LA strain, in compression with the high‐weight group. All echocardiographic parameters were in the normal range.ConclusionIn the present study we demonstrated that global longitudinal subendocardial deformations, for the evaluation of systolic function, and conventional echocardiographic parameters, for the evaluation of diastolic function, were not significantly different between normal‐ and high‐weight groups. Although LA strain was higher among overweight patients, it was not above the normal range of diastolic dysfunction.
Chromosomal breakage tests in the differential diagnosis of Fanconi anemia and aplastic anemia
Authors: Farkas Gyöngyi , Székely Gábor , Goda Veronika , Kállay Krisztián M. , Kocsis Zsuzsa S. , Szakszon Katalin , Benyó Gábor , Erdélyi Dániel , Liptai Zoltán , Csordás Katalin , Kertész Gabriella , Szegedi István , Kriván Gergely , Takácsi‐Nagy Zoltán , Polgár Csaba , Jurányi Zsolt 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFA patients are hypersensitive to preconditioning of bone marrow transplantation.ObjectiveAssessment of the power of mitomycin C (MMC) test to assign FA patients.MethodsWe analysed 195 patients with hematological disorders using spontaneous and two types of chromosomal breakage tests (MMC and bleomycin). In case of presumed Ataxia telangiectasia (AT), patients' blood was irradiated in vitro to determine the radiosensitivity of the patients.ResultsSeven patients were diagnosed as having FA. The number of spontaneous chromosomal aberrations was significantly higher in FA patients than in aplastic anemia (AA) patients including chromatid breaks, exchanges, total aberrations, aberrant cells. MMC‐induced ≥10 break/cell was 83.9 ± 11.4% in FA patients and 1.94 ± 0.41% in AA patients (p < .0001). The difference in bleomycin‐induced breaks/cell was also significant: 2.01 ± 0.25 (FA) versus 1.30 ± 0.10 (AA) (p = .019). Seven patients showed increased radiation sensitivity. Both dicentric + ring, and total aberrations were significantly higher at 3 and 6 Gy compared to controls.ConclusionsMMC and Bleomycin tests together proved to be more informative than MMC test alone for the diagnostic classification of AA patients, while in vitro irradiation tests could help detect radiosensitive—as such, individuals with AT.
Fatigue crack initiation and growth behavior within varying notch geometries in the low‐cycle fatigue regime for FV566 turbine blade material
Authors: Cunningham Benjamin M. D. , Leering Mitchell , Fan Yuhui , You Chao , Morris Andrew , Reed Philippa A. S. , Hamilton Andrew R. , Fitzpatrick Michael E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlain bend bars made from FV566 martensitic stainless steel were extracted from the root of ex‐service power plant turbine blades and several industry‐relevant notch geometries were introduced. Some of the samples were shot peened. The notched bend bars were loaded plastically in the low‐cycle fatigue regime and finite element (FE) modeling carried out to investigate the effects of changing notch geometry, combined with shot peening, on fatigue behaviors such as crack initiation, short crack growth, and coalescence. Shot peening damaged the notch surface, accelerating initiation behaviors, but had a lifetime‐extending effect by retarding short crack growth in all tested notch geometries. At a total strain range higher than 1.2%, the lifetime extension benefit from shot peening was diminished due to compressive residual stress relaxation in the notch stress field. Notch geometry (and the associated varying constraint levels and stress/strain gradients) was found to have no notable difference on fatigue life when tested at identical notch‐root strain ranges.
Climatic seasonality challenges the stability of microbial‐driven deep soil carbon accumulation across China
Authors: Wen Shuhai , Chen Jiaying , Yang Ziming , Deng Lei , Feng Jiao , Zhang Wen , Zeng Xiao‐Min , Huang Qiaoyun , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel , Liu Yu‐Rong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicrobial residues contribute to the long‐term stabilization of carbon in the entire soil profile, helping to regulate the climate of the planet; however, how sensitive these residues are to climatic seasonality remains virtually unknown, especially for deep soils across environmental gradients. Here, we investigated the changes of microbial residues along soil profiles (0–100 cm) from 44 typical ecosystems with a wide range of climates (~3100 km transects across China). Our results showed that microbial residues account for a larger portion of soil carbon in deeper (60–100 cm) vs. shallower (0–30 and 30–60 cm) soils. Moreover, we find that climate especially challenges the accumulation of microbial residues in deep soils, while soil properties and climate share their roles in controlling the residue accumulation in surface soils. Climatic seasonality, including positive correlations with summer precipitation and maximum monthly precipitation, as well as negative correlations with temperature annual range, are important factors explaining microbial residue accumulation in deep soils across China. In particular, summer precipitation is the key regulator of microbial‐driven carbon stability in deep soils, which has 37.2% of relative independent effects on deep‐soil microbial residue accumulation. Our work provides novel insights into the importance of climatic seasonality in driving the stabilization of microbial residues in deep soils, challenging the idea that deep soils as long‐term carbon reservoirs can buffer climate change.
Strengthening mental health research outcomes through genuine partnerships with young people with lived or living experience: A pilot evaluation study
Authors: Lee Grace Yeeun , McKenna Sarah , Song Yun Ju C. , Hutcheon Alexis , Hockey Samuel J. , Laidler Rachael , Occhipinti Jo‐An , Perry Claudia , Lindsay‐Smith Tara , Ramsay Annabel , Choi Skye , Feirer Dakota , Shim Andrew W. , Cottle Jessica , Mukherjee Anith , New Joshua , Yu Rebecca , Scott Elizabeth Mary , Freebairn Louise , Hickie Ian Bernard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite increasing support for stakeholder inclusion in research, there is limited evaluative research to guide safe (i.e., youth‐friendly) and meaningful (i.e., non‐tokenistic) partnerships with young people with lived experience of mental ill‐health in research. This paper describes a pilot evaluation and iterative design of a Youth Lived Experience Working Group (LEWG) protocol that was established by the Youth Mental Health and Technology team at The University of Sydney's Brain and Mind Centre, based on the results of two studies.MethodsStudy one consisted of a pilot evaluation of the extent to which youth partners felt empowered to contribute, to qualitatively explore how LEWG processes could be improved. Youth partners completed online surveys, and results were shared over two LEWG meetings in 2021 to empower youth partners to collectively identify actions of positive change regarding LEWG processes. These meetings were audio‐recorded and transcripts were subsequently coded using thematic analysis. Study two assessed whether LEWG processes and proposed improvements were acceptable and feasible from the perspective of academic researchers via an online survey in 2022.ResultsQuantitative and qualitative data collected from nine youth partners and 42 academic researchers uncovered initial learnings regarding facilitators, motivators, and barriers to partnering with young people with lived experience in research. Implementing clear processes for youth partners and academic researchers on effective partnership strategies, providing training opportunities for youth partners to develop research skills, and providing regular updates on how youth partner contributions led to research outcomes were identified as key facilitators.ConclusionsThis pilot study provides insight into a growing international field on how to optimise participatory processes so that researchers and young people with lived experience can be better supported and engaged to make meaningful contributions to mental health research. We argue that more transparency is needed around participatory research processes so that partnerships with young people with lived experience are not merely tokenistic.Consumer ContributionsOur study has also been approved by and reflects the concepts and priorities of our youth lived experience partners and lived experience researchers, all of whom are authors of this paper.
Three‐year efficacy of switching to dolutegravir plus lamivudine: A real‐world study
Authors: Palmier E. , De Miguel R. , Montejano R. , Busca C. , Micán R. , Ramos L. , Cadiñanos J. , Serrano L. , Bernardino J. I. , Pérez‐Valero I. , Valencia E. , Arribas J. R. , Montes M. L. , González‐García J. , Martín‐Carbonero L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDolutegravir (DTG) plus lamivudine (3TC) has proven highly efficacious as a switching strategy in virologically suppressed people with HIV (PWH). As this strategy was introduced relatively recently, real‐world, long‐term durability studies are lacking.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of treatment‐experienced patients who started DTG + 3TC in a cohort of PWH. HIV‐RNA <50 copies/mL was analysed at 144 weeks in an intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis (missing = failure) and a per‐protocol (PP) analysis (patients with missing data or changes for reasons other than virological failure were excluded).ResultsThe study population comprised 358 PWH (19% women). Median age and time with HIV infection were 51.7 and 13.4 years, respectively. The median number of previous antiretroviral combinations was three. Previous virological failure was reported in 27.1% of patients, and the M184V resistance mutation was detected in 17 patients. At 144 weeks, the percentage of individuals with HIV‐RNA <50 copies/mL was 77.4% (277/358) in the ITT analysis and 95.5% (277/290) in the PP analysis. A total of 68 participants were excluded from the PP analysis (data missing, 25, discontinuation due to toxicity, 19; other, 16; death, 8). Two people with virological failure selected resistance‐associated mutations (M184V and M184V + R263K). HIV‐RNA remained undetectable in 17 patients with a previous history of the M184V mutation.ConclusionOur results confirm the real‐world, long‐term efficacy, tolerability and high genetic barrier of DTG + 3TC in treatment‐experienced PWH. Although scarce, mutations causing resistance to nucleosides and integrase can emerge.
Rice pollen‐specific OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 are essential for pollen tube growth
Authors: Kim Eui‐Jung , Kim Ji‐Hyun , Hong Woo‐Jong , Kim Eun Young , Kim Myung‐Hee , Lee Su Kyoung , Min Cheol Woo , Kim Sun Tae , Park Soon Ki , Jung Ki‐Hong , Kim Yu‐Jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPollen tube growth is essential for successful double fertilization, which is critical for grain yield in crop plants. Rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs) function as ligands for signal transduction during fertilization. However, functional studies on RALF in monocot plants are lacking. Herein, we functionally characterized two pollen‐specific RALFs in rice (Oryza sativa) using multiple clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9‐induced loss‐of‐function mutants, peptide treatment, expression analyses, and tag reporter lines. Among the 41 RALF members in rice, OsRALF17 was specifically expressed at the highest level in pollen and pollen tubes. Exogenously applied OsRALF17 or OsRALF19 peptide inhibited pollen tube germination and elongation at high concentrations but enhanced tube elongation at low concentrations, indicating growth regulation. Double mutants of OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 (ralf17/19) exhibited almost full male sterility with defects in pollen hydration, germination, and tube elongation, which was partially recovered by exogenous treatment with OsRALF17 peptide. This study revealed that two partially functionally redundant OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 bind to Oryza sativa male‐gene transfer defective 2 (OsMTD2) and transmit reactive oxygen species signals for pollen tube germination and integrity maintenance in rice. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed their common downstream genes, in osmtd2 and ralf17/19. This study provides new insights into the role of RALF, expanding our knowledge of the biological role of RALF in regulating rice fertilization.
Efficacy of anti‐sebum moisturizing cream containing 2% l‐carnitine and 5% epigallocatechin gallate in seborrhea: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Detudom Pipatpong , Kamanamool Nanticha , Paichitrojjana Anon , Udompataikul Pawat , Udompataikul Montree 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSeborrhea leads to facial greasiness and unpleasant feeling. People with seborrhea also have trouble with selecting moisturizers. l‐Carnitine and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are reported anti‐sebum properties. However, neither efficacy comparison nor the combination effect of the two topical anti‐sebum agents was studied. Moisturizing cream with these agents is supposed to provide skin with an optimal water–oil balance.AimsTo compare the efficacy of moisturizer containing 2% l‐carnitine or 5% EGCG alone on sebum controlling, and the synergistic effect of these two agents.MethodsThree study creams were formulated by adding three kinds of anti‐sebum agents which were 2% l‐carnitine, 5% EGCG, and 2% l‐carnitine plus 5% EGCG in moisturizing cream base of dimethicone and glycerin. A randomized clinical trial was conducted. Ninety subjects, divided into three groups, applied the cream for 4 weeks. Sebum level, skin capacitance, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were evaluated at Weeks 0, 1, 2, and 4. Life qualities and subjective outcomes were assessed before and after treatment.ResultsThe mean sebum reduction from baseline was statistically significant in all treatment groups (p < 0.01). The median time to oil control was longer in l‐carnitine group. The combine group had significantly greater anti‐sebum efficacy than l‐carnitine group (p = 0.009). All three groups had significant improvement of other objective parameters and subjective outcomes.ConclusionsThe anti‐sebum moisturizing cream exhibited beneficial effect on the sebum reduction with improve skin hydration in people with seborrhea and made users satisfied. The EGCG group and the combine group show the greater anti‐sebum effect than the l‐carnitine group.
Global prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome and temporal trends for the last 10 years: A meta‐analysis of 94 studies covering over 30 countries
Authors: Ge Meng‐Wei , Hu Fei‐Hong , Jia Yi‐Jie , Tang Wen , Zhang Wan‐Qing , Chen Hong‐Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo determine the global prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome and time trends for the last 10 years.BackgroundThe prevalence of burnout syndrome varied greatly in different regions in the last 10 years, so the average prevalence and time trends of nursing burnout syndrome for the last 10 years were not completely clear.DesignA meta‐analysis conducted in the PRISMA guidelines.MethodsCINAHL, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched for trials on the prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome from 2012 to 2022 systematically. Hoy's quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. The global prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome was estimated, and subgroup analysis was used to explore what caused heterogeneity. Time trends for the last 10 years were evaluated by meta‐regression using Stata 11.0.ResultsNinety‐four studies reporting the prevalence of nursing burnout were included. The global prevalence of nursing burnout was 30.0% [95% CI: 26.0%–34.0%]. Subgroup analysis indicated that the specialty (p < .001) and the region (p < .001) and the year (p < .001) were sources of the high heterogeneity. Meta‐regression indicated that it tended to increase gradually for the last 10 years (t = 3.71, p = .006). The trends increased in Europe (t = 4.23, p = .006), Africa (t = 3.75, p = .006) and obstetrics (t = 3.66, p = .015). However, no statistical significance was found in ICU (t = −.14, p = .893), oncology (t = −0.44, p = .691) and emergency department (t = −0.30, p = .783).ConclusionsA significant number of nurses were found to have moderate‐high levels of burnout syndrome for the last 10 years. The meta‐analysis also indicated an increased trend over time. Therefore, more attention to the prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome is urgently required.Relevance to Clinical PracticeHigh prevalence of nursing burnout may attract more attention from the public. This analysis may serve as an impetus for relevant policy to change nurses' working conditions and reduce the occurrence of burnout.
Efforts to transfer ectopic embryos to the uterine cavity: A systematic review
Authors: Thomas Columba , Donovan G. Kevin , Fernandez Miguel A. , Buskmiller Cara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe objectives of this review are to identify and characterize attempts to transfer ectopic embryos to the uterus, and to understand arguments for and against the feasibility of such an intervention.MethodsAn electronic literature search involved all English language articles published in MEDLINE (1948–), Web of Science (1899–), and Scopus (1960–) before July 1, 2022. Articles were included that identify or describe attempts to transfer the embryo from its ectopic location to the uterine cavity, or discuss the feasibility of such an intervention; there were no exclusion criteria (PROSPERO registration number CRD42022364913).ResultsThe initial search yielded 3060 articles; 8 articles were included. Of these, two articles were case reports that described the successful transfer of the embryo from its ectopic location to the uterus, followed by term births; both cases involved laparotomy with salpingostomy, followed by transfer of the embryonic sac into the uterine cavity through an opening made in the uterine wall. The other six articles varied in type, and provided a number of arguments for and against the feasibility of such a procedure.ConclusionsThe evidence and arguments identified in this review may help manage expectations for those interested in transferring an ectopically implanted embryo in the hope of continuing the pregnancy, but who are uncertain about the extent to which such a procedure has been attempted or may be possible. Isolated case reports, with no evidence of replication, should be interpreted with the utmost caution and do not constitute a procedure for clinical use.
Epistemic emotions in prosecutorial decision making
Authors: TÖRNQVIST NINA , WETTERGREN ÅSA 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe article examines epistemic emotions as part of the emotive‐cognitive processes of prosecutors’ knowledge seeking and decision making in preliminary investigation and court proceedings. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and shadowing of prosecutors in Sweden, we show how emotions motivate and orient prosecutors’ inquiries and the fundamental role of the ‘certainty–doubt spiral’ for ‘doing objectivity’. In conclusion, we discuss the centrality of emotions for conscientious and well‐considered decisions in legal work. The study contributes to the field of law and emotion by exploring the epistemic quality of emotions, notably the certainty–doubt spiral, in legal work.
Labour law after neoliberalism?
Authors: DUKES RUTH , STREECK WOLFGANG 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver the course of the past 40 years, neoliberalism has all but destroyed the institutions that once civilized labour markets. In the wake of that destruction, labour law reform is being driven in some jurisdictions by a new kind of right‐wing populist politics. What does this hold in store for work relations? Our investigation of contemporary labour law begins with a brief look backwards to the pre‐ and post‐war decades and to the ostensible depoliticization of the law under neoliberalism. We then consider the possible emergence of a distinctly right‐wing populist approach to labour law in countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Poland, drawing comparisons with the German experience after neocorporatism. Finally, we take a normative turn and consider what steps ought to be taken by a government intent on addressing class inequalities and restoring the kind of rights that post‐war democracies once conferred on workers understood to be industrial citizens.