bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognition in older adults with healthy aging: analysis of the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2012–2015
Authors: Yeverino-Castro Sara G. , Garza-Guerra José D. , Aguilar-Díaz Gabriela E. , González-Galván Célica R. , Salinas-Martínez Ricardo , Morales-Delgado Rocío 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionMaintaining older adults’ health and well-being can be achieved through the optimization of physical and mental health, while preserving independence, social participation, and quality of life. Cognitive change has been described as a normal process of aging and it involves domains such as processing speed, attention, memory, language, visuospatial abilities, and executive functioning, among others.ObjectiveTo describe cognitive changes in older adults with healthy aging.MethodsThis is a study that involved data from 14,893 and 14,154 individuals aged &gt;60 years or older from the 2012 and 2015 waves, respectively, who participated in the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). Participants with healthy aging were identified and described in the MHAS-2012 wave and followed to 2015. Eight cognitive domains evaluated in the Cross-Cultural Cognitive Evaluation (CCCE,) as well as sociodemographic and health characteristics, were described. Criteria for healthy aging involved the following: CCCE ≥ −1.5 standard deviations above the mean on reference norms, independence on basic and instrumental activities of daily living, self-reported “life close to ideal,” and preserved functional and social performance.ResultsFrom a total of n = 9,160 older adults from the MHAS-2012 wave, n = 1,080 (11.8%) had healthy aging. In the healthy aging group, the median age was 67 years (IQR: 63–73), 58.1% were female and the median for education was 6 (IQR: 3–8) years. The mean CCCE score was 57 (SD: 16.9) points. In the MHAS-2012 cross-sectional analysis, except for orientation, visuospatial abilities, and verbal fluency, all cognitive domain scores were lower with passing age. When comparing cognitive domain scores in the 225 older adults identified with healthy aging between the 2012 and 2015 MHAS waves, there were almost no observable differences.ConclusionIn the cross-sectional analysis, Mexican adults with healthy aging had lower scores in the verbal learning memory, visual scanning, numeracy, visual memory, and verbal recall domains’, as well as lower global cognitive scores in the higher age groups. There were no cognitive changes in the 3 year follow-up, except for a lower gradient of scores in the verbal recall memory domain. Longer prospective studies are needed to characterize greater cognitive changes.
Characteristics and influencing factors of 11C-CFT PET imaging in patients with early and late onset Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kangli Fan , Hongguang Zhao , Yinghua Li , Xiaoxiao Du , Yuyin Dai , Lulu Gao , Yi Li , Zhihui Sun , Ying Zhang 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the difference between 11C-methyl-N-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropanel (11C-CFT) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in the early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD) and late-onset Parkinson’s disease (LOPD), and to analyze the correlation between 11C-CFT PET imaging and disease duration, Hoehn &amp; Yahr (H&amp;Y) stage, motor symptoms, and non-motor symptoms in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), so as to explore its application value in assessing the severity of Parkinson’s disease.Materials and methodsA total of 113 patients with idiopathic PD were included in this study. The patients were divided into EOPD and LOPD groups according to the age of 60 years, of which 58 were early-onset and 55 were late-onset. All patients underwent 11C-CFT PET imaging and manually sketched regions of interest (ROI) to delineate the caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen ROI layer-by-layer, and the corresponding values were recorded. Clinical data [age of onset, disease duration, H&amp;Y stage, total Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) score, UPDRS III score, tremor score, postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) score, rigidity score, bradykinesia score, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score] were collected from all patients. The differences in striatal 11C-CFT uptake between patients with EOPD and LOPD were compared, and the correlation between striatal 11C-CFT uptake and the clinical data of patients with idiopathic PD was evaluated.ResultsThe caudate nucleus 11C-CFT uptake was higher in EOPD than in the LOPD group (t = 3.002, p = 0.003). 11C-CFT uptake in the caudate nucleus in patients with PD was negatively correlated with the age of onset, H&amp;Y stage, disease duration, total UPDRS score, UPDRS III score, rigidity score, and bradykinesia score (p &lt; 0.05). The anterior and posterior putamen 11C-CFT uptake was negatively correlated with H&amp;Y stage, disease duration, total UPDRS score, UPDRS III score, PIGD score, rigidity score, and bradykinesia score (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion11C-CFT PET provides an objective molecular imaging basis for the difference in disease progression rates between patients with EOPD and LOPD. Secondly, 11C-CFT PET can be used as an important objective indicator to assess disease severity and monitor disease progression.
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in advanced Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Su Dan , Yang Hongyu , Qiu Chen , Chen Yue 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivePeptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for advanced pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) has received increasing attention. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRRT in patients with metastatic or inoperable PPGLs by meta-analysis.MethodsA literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases up to November 2022. All articles on PRRT for PPGLs were searched, and appropriate data were included for analysis. The measures evaluated included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), clinical response rate, biochemical response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 and the R programming language, data were combined using a random-effects model, and the results were presented using forest plots.ResultsA total of 20 studies with 330 patients were included in the analysis. The results showed that ORR and DCR were 20.0% (95% CI: 12.0%-28.0%) and 90.0% (95% CI: 85.0%-95.0%), respectively. Clinical and biochemical responses were 74.9% (95% CI: 56.3%-90.2%) and 69.5% (95%CI: 40.2%-92.9%). Median PFS and median OS were 31.79 (95% CI:21.25-42.33) months and 74.30 (95% CI: 0.75-147.84) months, respectively. Any grade of hematotoxicity and nephrotoxicity occurred in 22.3% (95% CI:12.5%-33.5%) and 4.3% (95% CI:0.2%-11.4%) patients. Grade 3-4 hemotoxicity occurred in 4.3% (95% CI:0.2%-11.4%) and grade 3-4 nephrotoxicity in 4/212 patients. Additionally, Treatment was discontinued in 9.0% (95% CI: 0.5%-23.3%) patients and one patient died as a result of a toxicity.ConclusionPatients with metastatic or inoperable PPGLs can be effectively treated with PRRT, and it has a favorable safety profile.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42022359232.
Diagnostic value of Kaiser score combined with breast vascular assessment from breast MRI for the characterization of breast lesions
Authors: Zhou Xin-zhu , Liu Lian-hua , He Shuang , Yao Hui-fang , Chen Li-ping , Deng Chen , Li Shuang-Ling , Zhang Xiao-yong , Lai Hua 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThe Kaiser scoring system for breast magnetic resonance imaging is a clinical decision-making tool for diagnosing breast lesions. However, the Kaiser score (KS) did not include the evaluation of breast vascularity. Therefore, this study aimed to use KS combined with breast vascular assessment, defined as KS*, and investigate the effectiveness of KS* in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions.MethodsThis retrospective study included 223 patients with suspicious breast lesions and pathologically verified results. The histopathological diagnostic criteria were according to the fifth edition of the WHO classification of breast tumors. The KS* was obtained after a joint evaluation combining the original KS and breast vasculature assessment. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for comparing differences in the diagnostic performance between KS* and KS, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) was compared.ResultsThere were 119 (53.4%) benign and 104 (46.6%) malignant lesions in total. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of increased ipsilateral breast vascularity were 69.2%, 76.5%, and 73.1%, respectively. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AVS were 82.7%, 76.5%, and 79.4%, respectively. For all lesions included the AUC of KS* was greater than that of KS (0.877 vs. 0.858, P = 0.016). The largest difference in AUC was observed in the non-mass subgroup (0.793 vs. 0.725, P = 0.029).ConclusionIpsilaterally increased breast vascularity and a positive AVS sign were significantly associated with malignancy. KS combined with breast vascular assessment can effectively improve the diagnostic ability of KS for breast lesions, especially for non-mass lesions.
Detection of KRAS mutation using plasma samples in non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cai Peiling , Yang Bofan , Zhao Jiahui , Ye Peng , Yang Dongmei 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of KRAS mutation detection using plasma sample of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsDatabases of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for studies detecting KRAS mutation in paired tissue and plasma samples of patients with NSCLC. Data were extracted from each eligible study and analyzed using MetaDiSc and STATA.ResultsAfter database searching and screening of the studies with pre-defined criteria, 43 eligible studies were identified and relevant data were extracted. After pooling the accuracy data from 3341 patients, the pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio were 71%, 94%, and 59.28, respectively. Area under curve of summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8883. Subgroup analysis revealed that next-generation sequencing outperformed PCR-based techniques in detecting KRAS mutation using plasma sample of patients with NSCLC, with sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of 73%, 94%, and 82.60, respectively.ConclusionCompared to paired tumor tissue sample, plasma sample showed overall good performance in detecting KRAS mutation in patients with NSCLC, which could serve as good surrogate when tissue samples are not available.
Extracellular volume fraction using contrast-enhanced CT is useful in differentiating intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Honda T. , Onishi H. , Fukui H. , Yano K. , Kiso K. , Nakamoto A. , Tsuboyama T. , Ota T. , Tatsumi M. , Tahara S. , Kobayashi S. , Eguchi H. , Tomiyama N. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate whether tumor extracellular volume fraction (fECV) on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) aids in the differentiation between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsIn this retrospective study, 113 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC (n = 39) or HCC (n = 74) who had undergone preoperative contrast-enhanced CT were enrolled. Enhancement values of the tumor (Etumor) and aorta (Eaorta) were obtained in the precontrast and equilibrium phase CT images. fECV was calculated using the following equation: fECV [%] = Etumor/Eaorta × (100 – hematocrit [%]). fECV values were compared between the ICC and HCC groups using Welch’s t-test. The diagnostic performance of fECV for differentiating ICC and HCC was assessed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. fECV and the CT imaging features of tumors were evaluated by two radiologists. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors predicting a diagnosis of ICC.ResultsMean fECV was significantly higher in ICCs (43.8% ± 13.2%) than that in HCCs (31.6% ± 9.0%, p &lt; 0.001). The area under the curve for differentiating ICC from HCC was 0.763 when the cutoff value of fECV was 41.5%. The multivariate analysis identified fECV (unit OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01–1.21; p &lt; 0.05), peripheral rim enhancement during the arterial phase (OR: 17.0; 95% CI: 1.29–225; p &lt; 0.05), and absence of washout pattern (OR: 235; 95% CI: 14.03–3933; p &lt; 0.001) as independent CT features for differentiating between the two tumor types.ConclusionsA high value of fECV, peripheral rim enhancement during the arterial phase, and absence of washout pattern were independent factors in the differentiation of ICC from HCC.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of lacosamide among children: is it helpful?
Authors: Kohn Elkana , Lezinger Mirit , Daniel Sharon , Masarwi Majdi , Brandriss Nurit , Bar-Chaim Adina , Berkovitch Matitiahu , Heyman Eli , Komargodski Rinat 
Published: July 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of Lacosamide (LCM) in a pediatric population with epilepsy using LCM serum concentration and its correlation to the age of the participants and the dosage of the drug.Methods: Demographic and clinical data were collected from the medical records of children with epilepsy treated with LCM at Shamir Medical Center between February 2019 to September 2021, in whom medication blood levels were measured. Trough serum LCM concentration was measured in the biochemical laboratory using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and correlated with the administered weight-based medication dosing and clinical report.Results: Forty-two children aged 10.43 ± 5.13 years (range: 1–18) were included in the study. The average daily dose of LCM was 306.62 ± 133.20 mg (range: 100–600). The average number of seizures per day was 3.53 ± 7.25 compared to 0.87 ± 1.40 before and after LCM treatment, respectively. The mean LCM serum concentration was 6.74 ± 3.27 mg/L. No statistically significant association was found between LCM serum levels and the clinical response (p = 0.58), as well as the correlation between LCM dosage and the change in seizure rate (p = 0.30). Our study did not find a correlation between LCM serum concentration and LCM dosage and the gender of the participants: males (n = 17) females (n = 23) (p = 0.31 and p = 0.94, respectively). A positive trend was found between age and LCM serum concentrations (r = 0.26, p = 0.09).Conclusion: Based on the data that has been obtained from our study, it appears that therapeutic drug monitoring for LCM may not be necessary. Nonetheless, further research in this area is needed in the light of the relatively small sample size of the study.
Alzheimer’s disease: a continuum with visual involvements
Authors: Elvira-Hurtado Lorena , López-Cuenca Inés , de Hoz Rosa , Salas Mario , Sánchez-Puebla Lidia , Ramírez-Toraño Federico , Matamoros José A. , Fernández-Albarral José A. , Rojas Pilar , Alfonsín Soraya , Delgado-Losada María Luisa , Ramírez Ana I. , Salazar Juan J. , Maestu Fernando , Gil Pedro , Ramírez José M. , Salobrar-García Elena 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia affecting the central nervous system, and alteration of several visual structures has been reported. Structural retinal changes are usually accompanied by changes in visual function in this disease. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in visual function at different stages of the pathology (family history group (FH+), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild AD and moderate AD) in comparison with a control group of subjects with no cognitive decline and no family history of AD.MethodsWe included 53 controls, 13 subjects with FH+, 23 patients with MCI, 25 patients with mild AD and, 21 patients with moderate AD. All were ophthalmologically healthy. Visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), colour perception, visual integration, and fundus examination were performed.ResultsThe analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in VA, CS and visual integration score between the MCI, mild AD and moderate AD groups compared to the control group. In the CS higher frequencies and in the colour perception test (total errors number), statistically significant differences were also observed in the MCI, mild AD and moderate AD groups with respect to the FH+ group and also between the control and AD groups. The FH+ group showed no statistically significant difference in visual functions compared to the control group. All the test correlated with the Mini Mental State Examination score and showed good predictive value when memory decline was present, with better values when AD was at a more advanced stage.ConclusionAlterations in visual function appear in subjects with MCI and evolve when AD is established, being stable in the initial stages of the disease (mild AD and moderate AD). Therefore, visual psychophysical tests are a useful, simple and complementary tool to neuropsychological tests to facilitate diagnosis in the preclinical and early stages of AD.
Romanian Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II)
Authors: Petre Ligiana Mihaela , Gheorghe Delia Alexandra , Watson David , Mitrofan Laurentiu 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II) is a self-report measure comprising 99 items divided into 18 non-overlapping scales that allows for a dimensional assessment of depression, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms. The IDAS-II is currently available in English, Turkish, Spanish, German, and Swedish. This study’s major goal was to adapt and validate the IDAS-II to the Romanian population.MethodParticipants from a community sample (N = 1,072) completed the IDAS-II (Romanian version) and additional measures assessing depression and anxiety disorders.ResultsItem-level factor analyses validated the unidimensionality of the scales, and internal consistency results indicated that most symptom scales had satisfactory alpha coefficient values. Based on previous structural analyses, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the IDAS-II scales confirmed a three-component model of “Distress,” “Obsessions/Fear,” and “Positive Mood.” Convergent and discriminant validity were established by correlational analyses with other symptom measures.LimitationsThis study was conducted using a sample from the general population and several of the employed measures have limitations. Specifically, the current study was unable to employ Romanian versions of the gold-standard instruments that assess well-being, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and claustrophobia.ConclusionThe IDAS-II (Romanian version) is the first clinical measure to assess internalizing dimensions of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model that is available for the Romanian population.
Growth of preference for solitude in urban and rural Chinese adolescents
Authors: Chen Xi , Sun Xinxin , Wu Xuan , Liu Junsheng , Li Dan , Chen Xinyin 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAs individuals enter adolescence, their preference for solitude (PFS) increases with age, which may be a result of balancing the need for social affiliation and the need for autonomy and independence. These needs are shaped by the social-cultural contexts, and thus the growth rate of PFS may differ across social-cultural contexts.This study examined to what extent the developmental trajectory of PFS differed between urban and rural Chinese adolescents.MethodsAdolescents in urban (n = 326,168 boys, Mage =12.00 years, SD = 0.61) and rural (n = 449, 198 boys, Mage =11.82 years, SD = 0.58) regions in China reported their PFS and shyness each year from Grade 6 to Grade 8. Longitudinal measurement invariance of PFS was established between the urban and rural samples. Location and gender differences in the intercept and the slope of PFS were examined using a latent growth model, while controlling for shyness at each time point.ResultsThe analyses revealed that adolescents in both urban and rural regions showed an increasing trajectory of PFS. Although urban and rural adolescents did not differ in the initial level of PFS at Grade 6, urban adolescents’ PFS increased faster than that of the rural adolescents. The urban-rural difference in the slope of PFS remained significant after controlling for the associations between the intercept and the slope of PFS and shyness at each time point. In addition, in the rural region, boys showed a faster increase of PFS than girls, yet gender differences in the initial level of PFS and the developmental trajectory in the urban region were nonsignificant.DiscussionThe findings reveal a normative increasing trend of PFS during early adolescence and faster increase for urban than rural adolescents. To promote adolescents’ psychological well-being, parents, teachers and practitioners need to help adolescents establish a good balance between social interaction and solitude. When deciding what is a good balance, it is important to consider the social-cultural context.
Cigarette smoking in childhood and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adulthood
Authors: Liu Xue , Sun Jiahong , Zhao Min , Bovet Pascal , Xi Bo 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThis study was aimed to examine the association between cigarette smoking in childhood and mortality in adulthood, and the impact of non-smoking duration among smokers who subsequently quit smoking.MethodsWe used data from 472,887 adults aged 18–85 years examined once in the US National Health Interview Survey in 1997–2014, which was linked to mortality data from the National Death Index up to 31 December 2015. Cigarette smoking status in childhood (age 6 to 17 years) and adulthood (age 18 to 85 years) was self-reported using a standard questionnaire at the time of participation in the survey. The vital status of participants due all-causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and chronic lower respiratory diseases was obtained using mortality data from the National Death Index.ResultsDuring the mean follow-up of 8.75 years, compared with never smoking in childhood and adulthood, the risk of all-cause mortality among current adult smokers decreased slightly according to increasing age at smoking initiation: hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence intervals, CIs) were 2.54 (2.24–2.88) at age of 6–9 years, 2.44 (2.31–2.57) at age of 10–14 years, and 2.21 (2.12–2.31) at age of 15–17 years. Smoking cessation before the age of 30 years was not associated with increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality (all p &gt; 0.05) compared to never smoking.ConclusionMortality risk was higher in individuals who started smoking at an earlier age in childhood. Inversely, smoking cessation before the age of 30 years was not associated with an increased risk of mortality compared to never smoking.