bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors Among Public Primary Second‐Cycle Schoolchildren in Debre Markos Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Abebaw Abtie , Demeke Gebreselassie , Mengist Hylemariam Mihiretie , Endalamaw Mengistu , Demeke Gizew Damtie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsIntestinal parasitic infection is a common disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including Ethiopia. The burden of intestinal parasites is worse in schoolchildren, which leads to absenteeism from school, lower cognitive ability, affects academic performance, and causes malnutrition and anemia. While many studies have been reported, there is a paucity of published data in Debre Markos. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors among public primary second‐cycle schoolchildren in Debre Markos Town, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA school‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among three selected public primary second‐cycle schools in Debre Markos town from May 1 to 30, 2022. Study participants were selected by using random and systematic sampling techniques with proportional allocation to each grade. Data were collected using semi‐structured questionnaires. A single stool specimen was collected from the study participants and processed using direct wet mount and formol ether concentration technique. Binary logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between independent and outcome variables at a 95% confidence level.ResultsA total of 343 students were included in the study. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 12% (41/343) with a predominance of hookworms (5.2%, 18/343), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides 2.3% (8/343), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 1.2% (4/343), Hymenolepis nana 0.9% (3/343), Strongyloides stercoralis 0.9% (3/343), Giardia lamblia 0.9% (3/343), and Trichuris trichiura 0.6% (2/343). The habit of open‐field defecation (AOR, 95% CI; 2.43 [1.16–5.09]), not using soap to wash hands (AOR, 95% CI; 2.93 [1.33–6.42]), and not wearing closed shoes (AOR, 95% CI; 3.12 [1.19–8.23]) were factors significantly associated with the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection.ConclusionThe prevalence of intestinal parasites was comparatively low in the study area. Open‐field defecation, not using soap to wash hands, and not wearing closed shoes were identified as independent predictors.
Examining Gender Differences in Aggression as a Predictor of Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide in a Cross‐Sectional French Sample
Authors: Martin Sylvia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe expected outcomes of the Covid‐19 pandemic have a supposedly worsened impact on mental health and suicidal risk. Traditionally, males were supposed to have heightened Aggression and impulsivity in stressful times. We aim to measure the actual differences that existed during the COVID‐19 pandemic across male and female participants.MethodsAn overall number of 288 females/95 males (mean age: men = 34.97; women = 32.90 years) participants were recruited. The protocol included questionnaires about suicidal risk, anxiety, depression, impulsivity, aggression, hopelessness, and demographics.ResultsDifferences exist in the sense of loneliness, the number of persons being isolated with, anxiety, and several impulsivity subdimensions. A correlation existed for both men and women for anxiety and depression, revealing the impact of aggression. Suicide men's scores correlated with anxiety and depression, lack of premeditation, and hopelessness. Women also had such correlation, except for lack of perseverance, social dimensions, and aggression. Analyses reveal the predictive impact of hopelessness and aggression on anxiety, depression, and suicidal risk predominantly in females.ConclusionOur results contradict common ideas that men have heightened aggression and impulsivity. Further research needs to address aggression issues.
Capital Market Opening and Corporate Innovation: Mediating Role of ESG Performance and Financing Constraints
Authors: Zhao Jiyang , Wang Xiaohong , Luan Xiangyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study uses a quasi‐natural experiment of the Shanghai‐Hong Kong and Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Connect Trading Systems to investigate the role of the capital market opening in fostering corporate innovation. We use panel data for A‐listed corporations covering 2009–2021 to construct empirical analysis, and corroborate that the capital market opening can exert significantly positive influences on corporate innovation. The robustness of the research is verified. Furthermore, we conduct quantile analysis to investigate asymmetric effects, and employ multi‐phase difference‐in‐difference‐in‐difference model, which reveals that the positive effect of capital market opening is more distinctly potent among the heavy polluters and the new‐high‐tech corporations. Moreover, the results also reflect that the capital market opening can enhance ESG performance and ease financing constraints, which in turn enhances corporate innovation. This study extends the researches on the topic regarding the relationship between capital market opening and corporate innovation, and outlines the theoretical and practical implications of helping foster corporate innovation.
Accuracy of pathogen diagnostic codes for acute hematogenous musculoskeletal infections in children
Authors: Searns Justin B. , Hall Matt , Birkholz Meghan , Downes Kevin J. , Hubbell Brittany B. , Kern‐Goldberger Andrew S. , Markham Jessica L. , Newland Jason G. , Rolsma Stephanie L. , Wang Marie E. , O'Leary Sean T. , Dominguez Samuel R. , Parker Sarah K. , Kronman Matthew P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAdministrative databases are powerful tools for pediatric research but lack patient‐level microbiology results. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of pathogen discharge diagnosis codes for children hospitalized with acute hematogenous musculoskeletal infections (MSKIs). Medical records for 244 children hospitalized with acute hematogenous MSKIs were manually reviewed to determine which bacterial pathogen, if any, was identified for each MSKI based on microbiology results obtained during the hospitalization. Microbiology results for each patient were then compared to their discharge diagnoses in the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database to determine the accuracy of pathogen discharge codes. Discharge diagnostic codes correctly matched the microbiology results in 89.3% of encounters. Sensitivity and specificity for Staphylococcus aureus discharge diagnostic codes were 88.6% and 96.4% respectively for methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus and 92.9% and 99.5% for methicillin‐resistant S. aureus. Pathogen discharge codes are reliable surrogates that accurately reflect the microbiology results for children with MSKIs.
Feasibility of IR‐MALDESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of PFAS
Authors: Martin Allen , Joignant Alena N. , Farrell Matt , Planchart Antonio , Muddiman David C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of emerging contaminants that have been in use industrially since the 1940s. Their long‐term and extensive commercial use has led to their ubiquitous presence in the environment. The ability to measure the bioconcentration and distribution of PFAS in the tissue of aquatic organisms helps elucidate the persistence of PFAS as well as environmental impacts. Traditional analysis by LC–MS/MS can measure total PFAS concentrations within an organism but cannot provide comprehensive spatial information regarding PFAS concentrations within the organism. In the current study, we used infrared matrix‐assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR‐MALDESI) to determine the limit of detection (LOD) of several PFAS utilizing a commercial standard mix spotted on mouse liver tissue. The traditional ice matrix and an alternative matrix, 1,8‐bis (tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene (TMGN), were explored when determining the limits of detection for various PFAS by IR‐MALDESI. The ice matrix alone resulted in a higher response than the combination of TMGN and ice. The resulting LOD for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) on a per voxel basis was 0.16 fmol/voxel. For comparison, zebrafish that were exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), PFOS, and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) at different concentrations were homogenized, and PFAS were extracted by solid–liquid extraction, purified by solid phase extraction, and analyzed by LC–MS/MS to determine the level of bioaccumulation in the zebrafish. PFOS resulted in the highest level of bioaccumulation (731.9 μg/kg, or 234.2 fg/voxel). A zebrafish that had been exposed to a PFAS mixture of PFOA (250 ng/L), PFOS (250 ng/L), and PFHxS (125 ng/L) was cryosectioned and analyzed by IR‐MALDESI. Images could not be generated as the accumulation of PFAS in the sectioned tissue was below detection limit of the technique.
Real‐world clinical practice of current periprocedural anticoagulation management in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: Data from a large prospective ablation registry
Authors: Taomoto Yuta , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Nagata Yasutoshi , Nitta Junichi , Inaba Osamu , Shirai Yasuhiro , Tanaka Yasuaki , Sekiguchi Yukio , Inamura Yukihiro , Sagawa Yuichiro , Mizukami Akira , Azegami Koji , Iwai Shinsuke , Hachiya Hitoshi , Ono Yuichi , Takahashi Atsushi , Sasaki Takeshi , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Okada Hiroyuki , Suzuki Atsushi , Suzuki Makoto , Handa Keita , Hirao Kenzo , Nakajima Jun , Nishimura Takuro , Tao Susumu , Takigawa Masateru , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe guidelines recommend anticoagulation management with uninterrupted warfarin or direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) during the atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation periprocedural period.ObjectivesTo clarify the Japanese real‐world latest periprocedural anticoagulation management during AF ablation.MethodsThis multicenter observational study included 6232 consecutive AF patients (68.7 ± 10.9 years, 4346 men) who underwent periprocedural anticoagulation therapy using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) between January 2022 and August 2023.ResultsThe mean CHADS2 and CHA2DS2VASc scores were 1.2 ± 1.1 and 2.3 ± 1.5. Bleeding and thromboembolic events occurred in 79 (1.3%) and eight (0.12%) patients. During the periprocedural period, factor Xa inhibitors (FXaIs) were used in 3063 patients (rivaroxaban in 624, apixaban in 1093, and edoxaban in 1345) and DTIs in 3170 including 2583 in whom DTIs were switched from FXaIs. Both the bleeding (0.85% vs. 1.69%, p = .003) and thromboembolic event rates (0.03% vs. 0.23%, p = .036) were significantly lower in the DTI‐ than FXaI‐group. A multivariate analysis showed periprocedural FXaI use was significantly associated with both bleeding events (odds ratio [OR] = 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–3.08, p = .006) and cardiac tamponade (OR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.27–5.9, p = .01). The interval between the last DOAC administration and the procedure was significantly shorter in the DTI‐ than FXaI‐group (4.2 ± 4.9 vs. 19.3 ± 10.7 h, p < .01). In the FXaI‐group, the bleeding rate tended to be lower in the minimally interrupted (n = 2105) than uninterrupted group (n = 821) (1.47% vs. 2.56%, p = .06). Two patients in the uninterrupted FXaI‐group required surgical management for cardiac tamponade.ConclusionsOur multicenter real‐world data demonstrated that anticoagulation with DTIs was a reasonable periprocedural anticoagulation regimen to reduce periprocedural complications.
Different effects of catheter ablation on exercise tolerance, leg strength, and quality of life in paroxysmal versus persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Matsuura Gen , Fukaya Hidehira , Hamazaki Nobuaki , Saito Daiki , Nakamura Hironori , Ishizue Naruya , Yoshizawa Tomoharu , Kishihara Jun , Niwano Shinichi , Oikawa Jun , Ako Junya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation (CA) can improve exercise tolerance and quality of life (QOL) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, its differential effects on muscle strength between paroxysmal AF (PAF) and nonparoxysmal AF (Non‐PAF) remain unclear.MethodsWe evaluated 94 patients (67.8 ± 10.3 years old, 71% male) who underwent CA (PAF/Non‐PAF 46/48) without AF recurrence. Six‐minute walk distance (6MWD), leg strength, and an AF‐specific QOL questionnaire (AFQLQ) were evaluated at baseline, 3, and 6 months after CA.ResultsAt baseline, the 6MWD and AFQLQ subset 3 score were significantly lower in patients with PAF than in those with Non‐PAF, but the parameters of muscle strength were comparable between the two groups. Both 6MWD and AFQLQ significantly improved at 6 months after CA in both groups. However, leg strength at 6 months after CA significantly improved in the Non‐PAF group (54.9 ± 16.5 to 58.4 ± 15.2, p < .05) but not in the PAF group.ConclusionSuccessful CA for both PAF and Non‐PAF improved QOL and exercise tolerance. Additionally, CA improved leg strength in Non‐PAF patients.
Gastrointestinal bleed mortality disparities in patients with atrial fibrillation: A cross‐sectional analysis 1999–2020
Authors: Sainbayar Enkhtsogt , Ibrahim Ramzi , Noh Sangkyu , Pham Hoang Nhat , Shahid Mahek , Elias Joseph , Grewal Harneet , Mouhaffel Rama , Folk Akira , Hartnett Jack , Lee Kwan , Lee Justin Z. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionGastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is often encountered among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) due to the use of anticoagulation. This study assesses disparities in GIB‐related mortality among decedents with AF in the United States.MethodsGIB mortality data in patients with AF from 1999 to 2020 was queried from the CDC database. Decedent demographic information (age, sex, race and ethnicity, and geographic residence) was obtained from death certificates. We calculated age‐adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) through the direct method and estimated the annual percentage change (APC) in mortality using log‐linear regression models.ResultsFrom 11,209 GIB‐related deaths among AF decedents, we observed an increase in AAMR from 0.12 in 1999 to 0.21 in 2020, particularly during the 2009 to 2020 period (APC +4.8, p < .001). Disproportionate mortality rates were noted in males (AAMR 0.18) and White populations (AAMR 0.15) as compared to females (AAMR 0.13) and Black populations (AAMR 0.10), respectively. Rural regions also reported higher mortality (AAMR 0.18) than urban areas (AAMR 0.14). Mortality shifts in urban regions remained stagnant from 1999 to 2009 (APC –0.15, p = .806) followed by an increase from 2009 to 2020 (APC +4.83, p < .001). However, mortality increased consistently from 1999 to 2020 in rural regions (APC +4.08, p < .001). The Northeast US exhibited the highest mortality rate (AAMR 0.18), followed by the Midwest (AAMR 0.16), West (AAMR 0.14), and South (AAMR 0.13).ConclusionsDisparities in GIB mortality among AF decedents were identified. These findings accentuate the need for targeted interventions to mitigate GIB risks in vulnerable subgroups.
DUV Double‐Resonant Raman Spectra and Interference Effect in Graphene: First‐Principles Calculations
Authors: Zhang Ye , Liu Renhui , Huang Jianqi , Tuan Hung Nguyen , Saito Riichiro , Yang Teng , Zhang Zhidong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe calculate double‐resonance Raman (DRR) spectra of monolayer graphene by first‐principles density functional calculation, for wide laser excitation energies from the near‐infrared (1.58 eV) to the deep‐ultraviolet (DUV, 5.41 eV) region. When laser excitation energy, , goes into the DUV region, Raman peak wavenumber for G band switches from red‐shift to blue‐shift and for 2D band switches from red‐shift to constant, in contrast to the continuous blue‐shift of G band. Raman intensity of the three bands generally decreases with increasing , except for around 4.08 eV where Raman intensity diverges due to van Hove singularity of electron density of states. The combined two‐phonon modes change with for both G and G bands (e.g., from 2LO to 2TO and back to 2LO for G and from LA + LO/TO to TA + LO/TO for G) but remain 2LO for 2D band. Further, the dominant DRR scattering process of G band changes from the electron‐hole ( or ) scattering processes to the scattering processes as goes into the DUV region, since the Dirac energy bands become asymmetric between and band that suppresses the process and the Raman intensity. Another factor to suppress the Raman intensity is the quantum interference effect between four scattering processes () which changes from constructive to destructive interference and finally to no interference with increasing . We calculate ‐dependent Raman tensor of the three bands and polarized Raman spectra, which further support the interference effect. The calculated results are directly compared and consistent with the experimental results.
A Model of the Deformations of a Cross‐Section of the Spinal Cord Due to Periodic Pressure Loadings
Authors: Harris Paul J. , Venton Jenny 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChanges in the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the spinal cord can cause deformations of the spinal cord, which, in turn, may lead to the cord being damaged. In addition, the changes in the pressure of the surrounding cerebrospinal fluid can cause changes to the pressure of the extracellular fluid which saturates the spinal cord. The finite element method can be used to solve the differential equations, which describe both how the cord deforms and changes in the pressure of the extracellular fluid but often this requires a large number of time‐steps to obtain an accurate and stable numerical solution. We present an alternative approach that uses a Fourier series method that avoids the need for using a time‐stepping scheme and that can model how a pressure pulse affects the spinal cord.
A Novel Balanced Nonreciprocal Bandpass Filter Based on Stub‐Loaded Ring Time‐Modulated Resonator
Authors: Han Peng , Wang Zhongbao , Liu Hongmei , Gao Mingming , Fang Shaojun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a novel balanced nonreciprocal bandpass filter based on stub‐loaded ring time‐modulated resonators (TMRs) is proposed, which is co‐designed to integrate the feed circuits and common‐mode (CM) suppression circuits. The design employs the fewest TMRs necessary, which is at least two, to achieve a reverse isolation level of larger than 20 dB. This configuration also ensures the presence of two reverse isolation poles, thereby maximizing the reverse isolation bandwidth. Even‐ and odd‐mode analysis elucidates the isolation of signals under differential mode (DM) and the suppression of noise under common mode. This approach eliminates the need for separate feed lines and complex CM noise suppression circuit designs. Furthermore, parameterization analysis is adopted to verify the modulation parameters on the impact of the circuit. A balanced microstrip nonreciprocal bandpass filter, centered at 1.5 GHz, has been designed, simulated, and experimentally verified. The measured DM forward insertion loss is 3.9 dB, and the reverse isolation is greater than 20 dB with a bandwidth of 48 MHz. The measured CM noise suppression exceeds 26.6 dB within the frequency range of 1.2 to 1.8 GHz.
Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation for Bone Tissue Engineering: The Synergistic Effect of Adipose‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes and Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogel
Authors: Rajabi Rozhin , Mohamadali Marjan , Sharifi Fereshteh , Moradi Yasamin , Hanjani Ghazaleh Naghizadeh , Irani Shiva 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTExosomes (EXOs) have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication with the potential to enhance bone regeneration through paracrine actions. The promising application of EXOs in the tissue engineering (TE) domains has recently sparked heightened research interest. The selection of the type of appropriate biomaterial, along with the method used to produce a scaffold, is another factor determining successful TE. This study assessed the impact of incorporating adipose mesenchymal stem cell‐derived EXOs and its conditioned medium (CM) within a chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan (CTS/CMC2%) hydrogel on osteogenic differentiation. EXOs were characterized for their morphology, protein content, and size using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Western blot. Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were encapsulated within hydrogels supplemented with EXOs (12.5 and 25 μg/mL) or CM and tested over 14 days. Cell viability, attachment, and proliferation were enhanced with EXOs and CM treatments versus controls were confirmed by SEM, DAPI staining, and MTT assay. Osteodifferentiation potential was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), Alizarin‐Red staining (ARS), calcium deposition, and OSTEONECTIN immunostaining (ICC). According to ICC results, encapsulated ADMSCs in the CTS/CMC2% hydrogel treated with 25 μg/mL EXOs (EXO25) exhibited 45.55% OSTEONECTIN expression, the highest percentage observed among all samples. Additionally, encapsulated ADMSCs in CTS/CMC2% hydrogel treated with EXO25 exhibited high ALP expression after 14 days (p < 0.1). In conclusion, EXOs at different concentrations significantly impacted osteogenic differentiation, particularly EXO25, in cooperation with the designed hydrogel (CTS/CMC2%), significantly guiding cell fate for specific targeting differentiation.
Characterization of SARS‐CoV‐2 Diagnostic Tests and Liver Function Tests Among Patients With COVID‐19 Diagnosed in Outpatient Settings Using Administrative Healthcare Data and Data From Commercial Laboratories
Authors: Ali Ayad K. , Baglivo Aidan , Govil Priya , Gibbs Liza R. , Bradley Marie C. , Campbell Keith E. , Chakravarty Aloka , Lasky Tamar , Derbyshire Victoria , Garry Elizabeth M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeTo characterize select laboratory tests ordered versus reported for patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 in administrative healthcare and commercial laboratory data.MethodsAmong patients with an outpatient COVID‐19 diagnosis claim in HealthVerity data (01/01/2021–12/31/2022), this study described baseline characteristics and descriptively compared SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnostic tests and liver function tests from administrative healthcare (insurance claims and hospital billing data) and commercial laboratories, overall and by code type (e.g., CPT, LOINC). Select liver function tests were also described by method‐specific and methodless LOINC.ResultsAmong 214 998 patients with COVID‐19, 46.1% had a SARS‐CoV‐2 molecular diagnostic test recorded within 7 days of diagnosis (in either administrative or laboratory data); 44.5% had a corresponding CPT in medical claims, while only 10.0% had a corresponding LOINC in laboratory data. In contrast, the six most common liver function tests (albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin) were identified in 55.7%–56.6% of patients via LOINC, but only in 3.2%–4.2% via CPT claims. Of the total count of select liver function tests performed in the laboratory data, 99.7% of aspartate aminotransferase, 96.1% of direct bilirubin, and 82.9% of lactate dehydrogenase were reported by methodless LOINC rather than method‐specific LOINC.ConclusionsImportant differences were identified between orders for SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnostic tests and liver function tests, as well as missingness of LOINC method, highlighting challenges related to completeness of laboratory data in real‐world data sources. These challenges underscore a need to improve data quality when considering the utility of laboratory data for research.