bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of aerobic exercise alone or combined with Mediterranean diet on dry eye in obese hypertensive elderly
Authors: Ismail Ali Mohamed Ali , El-Azeim Alshaymaa Shaaban Abd , Saif Hatem Fawzy Abd Elfatah Abo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Lifestyle modification is a newly recommended complementary treatment for dry eye (DE) disorder.

Objective
To investigate the effect of a 6-month high-intensity interval aerobic exercise (HIIAE) (conducted 30 min, 3 times weekly) alone or combined with a caloric-restriction approach, the Mediterranean diet (MD), on DE parameters in obese hypertensive elderly.

The design, settings, participants, and intervention
This is a randomized controlled trial included sixty obese hypertensive elderly with DE based on university-based hospital recruitment. Elderly were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 30 elderly received HIIAE plus MD) and control group (n = 30 elderly received only HIIAE). Besides anthropometry (abdominal circumference, body weight, and body mass index) and blood pressure (measured in systole and diastole), DE parameters (tear film break-up time, DE scoring system, ocular surface disability index questionnaire, Schirmer’s test, and Oxford grading system) were evaluated.

Results
Significant improvements in anthropometry, blood pressure, and DE parameters were higher in the experimental group than in the control group.

Conclusion
Aging-related DE symptoms and signs can be prevented and/or treated with HIIAE alone or combined with MD in obese hypertensive elderly with DE disorder.
The Driver Role of Pathologists in Endocrine Oncology: What Clinicians Seek in Pathology Reports
Authors: Ezzat Shereen , de Herder Wouter W. , Volante Marco , Grossman Ashley 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEndocrine neoplasia represents an increasingly broad spectrum of disorders. Endocrine neoplasms range from incidental findings to potentially lethal malignancies. In this paper, we cover the impact of pathology in the interpretation of the clinic-pathological, genetic, and radiographic features underpinning these neoplasms. We highlight the critical role of multidisciplinary interactions in structuring a rational diagnostic and efficient therapeutic plan and emphasize the role of histopathological input in decision-making. In this context, standardized pathology reporting and second opinion endocrine pathology review represent relevant tools to improve the overall diagnostic workup of patients affected by endocrine tumors in every specific scenario. In fact, although a relevant proportion of cases may be correctly identified based on clinical presentation and biochemical/imaging investigations, a subset of cases presents with atypical findings that may lead to an inappropriate diagnosis and treatment plan based on a wrong pathological diagnosis if all pieces of the puzzle are not correctly considered. Pathologists have a responsibility to actively guide clinicians before and during surgical procedures to prevent unnecessary interventions. In all areas of endocrine pathology, pathologists must understand the complexity of tissue preservation and assay sensitivities and specificities to ensure the optimal quality and interpretation of diagnostic material. Finally, pathologists are central actors in tumor tissue biobanking, which is an expanding field in oncology that should be promoted while adhering to strict ethical and methodological standards.
The MiFIR Review and a European Consolidated Tape: the next step towards a Capital Markets Union
Authors: Rogge Ebbe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of the main elements of the MiFIR Review is the revision of the framework for a Consolidated Tape in Europe. The objective is to establish a tape for each of the three main asset classes: bonds, equity, and derivatives. The objective is to provide a single reference source of information for transactions. It would thus reduce fragmentation and information asymmetries within the Capital Markets Union. This paper examines the main elements of the proposals, tailored to each asset class, as well as different use cases. Overall, the proposals appear to be a significant improvement on the current unsuccessful framework.
Functional diversity increases the resistance of a tritrophic food web to environmental changes
Authors: Adje George , Wojcik Laurie A. , Gaedke Ursula 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the light of global climate change and biodiversity loss, understanding the role of functional diversity in the response of food webs to environmental change is growing ever more important. Using a tritrophic food web model, with a variable degree of functional diversity at each trophic level, we studied the role of functional diversity on the resistance of a system against press perturbations. Perturbations affected either nutrient availability or the mortality of the species, which can be interpreted as effects of eutrophication and warming, respectively. We compared food webs with different levels of functional diversity by investigating the species trait and biomass dynamics, the overall changes in the species’ standing biomass as measured by the warping distance, and the duration of the system transients after the onset of a press perturbation (transition time). We found that higher functional diversity increased resistance since it buffered trophic cascading effects and delayed the onset of oscillatory behaviour caused by either bottom-up forcing via perturbations to nutrient concentration or top-down forcing via perturbations to mortality rate. This increased resistance emerged from a higher top-down control of the intermediate species on the basal species. Functional diversity also promoted a higher top biomass, in particular via a higher proportion of top selective species undergoing high mortality rates. Additionally, functional diversity had context-dependent effects on warping distances, and increased transition times. Overall, this study encourages accounting for functional diversity in future investigations about the response of multitrophic systems to global change and in management strategies.
The signing of the peace agreement in Colombia. Old wine in new skins: Implications for national security and organized crime
Authors: Badrán Farid 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recent scholarship has seen the peace agreement between Colombian government and the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC) guerrillas a milestone in closing more than 50 years of internal armed conflict. Indeed, the traditional practice of subversive warfare between the two sides ended. However, this did not imply a true path to peacebuilding. The empirical and statistical evidence indicates the worsening of the conflict through the transformation of its practices and representations, into terrorism and transnational organized crime. This article contends that the FARC, as a political party, a new insurgent group, and a criminal actor, continues to have a main role.
Levels and predictors of postpartum depression and anxiety during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in a confined cross-border city
Authors: Remartínez-Hamed Alicia , Pérez-Morente María Ángeles , Álvarez-Serrano María Adelaida , Martínez-García Encarnación , González-García Alberto , García-García Inmaculada , Martín-Salvador Adelina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPregnancy and/or the puerperium involve social, physiological and psychological changes that make women more vulnerable to mental disorders such as anxiety and depression, even more so if these develop in stressful contexts such as the pandemic. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with the risk of postpartum anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted among postpartum women (n = 69) who gave birth between March 2020 and March 2021 in Melilla, a Spanish cross-border city with Morocco whose borders were closed, making it a confined city. The scales used were the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Results reported an elevated risk of depression (85.5%) and anxiety (63.8%), with severe anxiety reaching 40.6% of cases. Predictors of postpartum depression comprised a personal history of mood disorders (β = 8.421; CI95% = 4.863/11.978) and having been diagnosed with COVID-19 during pregnancy or postpartum (β = 4.488; CI95% = 1.331/7.646). As regards anxiety, it is predicted on the basis of mood antecedents (β = 14.175; CI95% = 7.870/20.479), the fact of having been diagnosed with COVID-19 during pregnancy or postpartum (β = 8.781; CI95% = 2.970/14.592) and the fact of being a multipara (β = 5.513; CI95% = 0.706/10.321). In conclusion, special attention should be paid to women with a history of mood disorders and a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 during pregnancy or postpartum, even more so in the case of multiparous women, because of its impact on mental health during the postpartum period.
Comparative examination of the pons and corpus callosum as reference regions for quantitative evaluation in positron emission tomography imaging for Alzheimer’s disease using 11C-Pittsburgh Compound-B
Authors: Tada Tomohiro , Hara Kazuhiro , Fujita Naotoshi , Ito Yoshinori , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Ohdake Reiko , Kawabata Kazuya , Ogura Aya , Kato Toshiyasu , Yokoi Takamasa , Masuda Michihito , Abe Shinji , Miyao Shinichi , Naganawa Shinji , Katsuno Masahisa , Watanabe Hirohisa , Sobue Gen , Kato Katsuhiko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Standardised uptake value ratio (SUVR) is usually obtained by dividing the SUV of the region of interest (ROI) by that of the cerebellar cortex. Cerebellar cortex is not a valid reference in cases where amyloid β deposition or lesions are present. Only few studies have evaluated the use of other regions as references. We compared the validity of the pons and corpus callosum as reference regions for the quantitative evaluation of brain positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C-PiB compared to the cerebellar cortex.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated data from 86 subjects with or without Alzheimer’s disease (AD). All subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging, PET imaging, and cognitive function testing. For the quantitative analysis, three-dimensional ROIs were automatically placed, and SUV and SUVR were obtained. We compared these values between AD and healthy control (HC) groups.

Results
SUVR data obtained using the pons and corpus callosum as reference regions strongly correlated with that using the cerebellar cortex. The sensitivity and specificity were high when either the pons or corpus callosum was used as the reference region. However, the SUV values of the corpus callosum were different between AD and HC (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Our data suggest that the pons and corpus callosum might be valid reference regions.
Teaching Here and Now but for the Future: Vocational Teachers’ Perspective on Teaching in Flux
Authors: Carlsson Sandra , Willermark Sara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs working life changes, it places new demands on vocational competence and the use of different digital technologies. It affects vocational teaching, yet digitalization within vocational education constitutes a scarcely researched area. In this study, we explore how vocational teachers relate to teaching in a digitalized society from a socio-material perspective and explore the possibilities as well as the discursive manifestations of contradictions it gives rise to. Data includes semi-structured interviews with ten vocational teachers, representing eight vocational programs in Sweden. Findings show how vocational teachers benefit from digital technology to realize pedagogical strategies and facilitate students’ vocational competence. At the same time, digitalization entails challenges of keeping up with changes in working life and providing students with relevant vocational digital technologies. Contributions include increased knowledge about digitalization in vocational education, and how it entails navigating different contradictions.
Geotourism Route through Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro University (Vila Real, Galicia-North Portugal Euroregion): a Space of Public Outreach of Geology
Authors: Freire-Lista David Martín , Becerra Javier Eduardo Becerra , Vázquez Ezequiel , de Abreu Mila Simões 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGeoconservation, geotourism and geodiversity are concepts that should be taught at all educational levels. The entire society should preserve the natural resources in a sustainable way. Geological processes and quarrying created and still creates cultural heritage in landscapes, villages and cities worldwide. Rock outcrops, historical quarries, forms of extraction and buildings built with stones are a heritage that should safeguard. This work details a geotourism route that would bring new life to Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro University (UTAD) campus. The proposed route connects a historical quarry located in the UTAD campus with the main church built with its granite and different rock outcrops that show the geological history of the city of Vila Real (Portugal). It envisages a three-points of interest tour from the Fernando Real Geology Museum (UTAD) to a church built with Prezandães granite from Folhadela.
Explanation matters: An experimental study on explainable AI
Authors: Hamm Pascal , Klesel Michael , Coberger Patricia , Wittmann H. Felix 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExplainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an important advance in the field of machine learning to shed light on black box algorithms and thus a promising approach to improving artificial intelligence (AI) adoption. While previous literature has already addressed the technological benefits of XAI, there has been little research on XAI from the user’s perspective. Building upon the theory of trust, we propose a model that hypothesizes that post hoc explainability (using Shapley Additive Explanations) has a significant impact on use-related variables in this context. To test our model, we designed an experiment using a randomized controlled trial design where participants compare signatures and detect forged signatures. Surprisingly, our study shows that XAI only has a small but significant impact on perceived explainability. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that a high level of perceived explainability has a strong impact on important constructs including trust and perceived usefulness. A post hoc analysis shows that hedonic factors are significantly related to perceived explainability and require more attention in future research. We conclude with important directions for academia and for organizations.
A review on recent research on bio-based building materials and their applications
Authors: Bourbia S. , Kazeoui H. , Belarbi R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBio-based materials represent a promising alternative in building envelope applications, with the aim of improving in-use energy efficiency. They have the advantage of being renewable, low embodied energy and CO2neutral or negative. In addition, they are excellent thermal regulators. This paper presents an overview of the state-of-the-art of bio-based materials used in building construction and their applications. The materials outlined include hemp, wood, date palm wood, cork, alfa and straw. Through this literature study we want to get a broad overview of the current state of theoretical and experimental studies of their hygrothermal characteristics and their thermal and energy performances. The aim is not to be exhaustive but to summarise the most important research results on these materials. This is the first part of a research work that deals with the contribution to the development of a new bio-based construction material to be used in building.
Alkaline electrolysis using CuOx cathode for the conversion of carbon dioxide into liquid fuels
Authors: Zignani S. C. , Lo Faro M. , Carbone A. , Pallela A. , Spadaro L. , Aricò A. S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 is an effective method for storing intermittent renewable energy. This could result in fuel additives and chemical feedstocks such as alcohols. A challenge of electrochemical alcohol production is the transfer of electrons and protons, as well as the formation of C–C bonds. As of now, copper-based materials are the most commonly used and effective catalysts. Although CuOx is considered a promising catalyst for electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR), significant improvements in product selectivity are still needed. This paper presents some results obtained using copper oxide as a cathode, combined with 33% of ionomer, nickel iron as anode, and membrane Fumatech as electrolyte. As a result of physico-chemical experiments, morphological measurements of the cathode, electrochemical experiments carried out with a complete zero-gap cell operating under alkaline conditions, and gas-chromatographic (GC) analyses of the cathode outlet stream, we determined that methyl formate, ethanol, and propanol were mainly obtained at a rate of 116.3 μmol $${\text{g}}_{\text{cat}}^{-1} \, {\text{h}}^{-{1}}$$

g

cat

-
1

h

-
1

during operation at 2.2 V.
The Generalized Stackelberg Equilibrium of the Two-Person Stopping Game
Authors: Skarupski Marek , Szajowski Krzysztof J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn modeling the bilateral selection of states of the process, Dynkin (Dokl Akad Nauk USSR 185:241–288, 1969) proposed a two-person game in which players use stopping moments as strategies. The purpose of this work is to present a model of the game in which the players have different information about the process itself, as well as various laws to stop the process and accept its state. The game model uses the stochastic process apparatus, in particular, the ability to create different filters for the same process. The sets of stopping moments based on different filters are not identical, which allows us to model different sets of strategies for players. We show that the follower, by observing the behavior of a rational leader, can recover information that is lost due to the lack of complete observation of the state of the process. In the competition of two opponents for the maximum of the i.i.d. sequence, one of whom has access to full information and the other only knows their relative ranks, we found the generalized Stackelberg equilibrium. If the priority of a player observing the relative ranks is less than 50%, then that player modifies his strategy based on the behavior of the second player. For a player with full information, information about the behavior of the player observing the relative ranks is useless.
Nuove strategie di indagine delle linfoadenopatie nel carcinoma tiroideo
Authors: Tumino Dario , Piticchio Tommaso , Frasca Francesco 
Published: May 2023

SommarioL’identificazione delle metastasi linfonodali è fondamentale nella gestione iniziale dei pazienti con noduli tiroidei sospetti, in quanto può modificare la tipologia dell’intervento chirurgico, e nella gestione a lungo termine dei pazienti con linfonodi cervicali sospetti. Questa rassegna si focalizza sulle nuove tecniche disponibili, tra cui l’ecografia con mezzo di contrasto, il dosaggio del frammento 21-1 della citocheratina 19 nel liquido di lavaggio linfonodale, la biopsia del linfonodo sentinella e l’utilizzo dell’intelligenza artificiale applicata all’imaging dei linfonodi cervicali.
On Due Diligence and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in International Law: What a Māori World View Can Offer
Authors: Malaihollo Medes 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue diligence is on the rise in international law. However, its roots and historic narrative remain heavily Eurocentric in nature. This becomes problematic in the context of states’ due diligence obligations relating to the rights of indigenous peoples. Meanwhile, due diligence can also be found in indigenous legal systems. An example istikanga, which regulates the lives of the Māori in New Zealand. This paper attempts to investigate principles oftikangareflecting features of a standard of care and compares this to the way due diligence is currently given meaning in international law. From this it follows thattikangaputs more emphasis on ‘relationships and balance’ than contemporary positive international law does. This paper argues for a culturally appropriate approach that integrates this feature with respect to states’ due diligence obligations relating to the protection of the rights of indigenous peoples in the context of the Māori in New Zealand. In doing so, it will become clear that this approach leads to a situation where an indigenous people is being heard and taken seriously, which forms the anchor of the international legal framework protecting the rights of indigenous peoples. With that in mind, this paper offers a template on due diligence and the rights of indigenous peoples in international law.
On equivariant derived categories
Authors: Beckmann Thorsten , Oberdieck Georg 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study the equivariant category associated to a finite group action on the derived category of coherent sheaves of a smooth projective variety. In particular, we discuss decompositions of the equivariant category, prove the existence of a Serre functor, and give a criterion for the equivariant category to be Calabi–Yau. We describe an obstruction for a subgroup of the group of auto-equivalences to act on the derived category. As application we show that the equivariant category of any Calabi–Yau action on the derived category of an elliptic curve is equivalent to the derived category of an elliptic curve.
Plasma parameter measurement on a RIT-10 using empirical correlations between non-invasive optical emission spectroscopy and Langmuir diagnostics
Authors: Becker Felix , Nauschütt Benny , Chen Limei , Holste Kristof , Klar Peter J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCharacterising and understanding the plasma properties of a rf-coupled electric propulsion device is crucial during testing, qualification and development. Therefore, the optimization of existing diagnostic systems as well as the development of new ones is an important area of electric propulsion research. Here, we present an approach to non-invasively determine the plasma parameters of an operating radio-frequency ion-thruster. For this purpose, a correlation between non-invasive optical emission (OE) spectroscopy and intrusive Langmuir probe diagnostics measurements is established for a reference system. Both types of measurements are performed simultaneously for a wide range of operation points yielding a large reference data set. Based on a principal component analysis (PCA), a correlation between plasma parameters and corresponding OE spectra at different operational points is established. This correlation can then be applied to OE spectra of the plasma of an operating thruster to obtain non-invasively the corresponding plasma parameters, i.e., without having to employ intrusive Langmuir probes. This approach for evaluating optical spectroscopic data in terms of plasma parameters has no need for a theoretical microscopic modeling of the plasma. This makes this approach very versatile and easily transferable to cases where other propellants are used, since no knowledge of excitation cross sections or transition matrix elements and other microscopic parameters of the species of the plasma is required. Such an approach enables continuous monitoring of a thruster’s behavior during the qualification process.