bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clustering of football players based on performance data and aggregated clustering validity indexes
Authors: Akhanli Serhat Emre , Hennig Christian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We analyse football (soccer) player performance data with mixed type variables from the 2014-15 season of eight European major leagues. We cluster these data based on a tailor-made dissimilarity measure. In order to decide between the many available clustering methods and to choose an appropriate number of clusters, we use the approach by Akhanli and Hennig (2020. “Comparing Clusterings and Numbers of Clusters by Aggregation of Calibrated Clustering Validity Indexes.” Statistics and Computing 30 (5): 1523–44). This is based on several validation criteria that refer to different desirable characteristics of a clustering. These characteristics are chosen based on the aim of clustering, and this allows to define a suitable validation index as weighted average of calibrated individual indexes measuring the desirable features. We derive two different clusterings. The first one is a partition of the data set into major groups of essentially different players, which can be used for the analysis of a team’s composition. The second one divides the data set into many small clusters (with 10 players on average), which can be used for finding players with a very similar profile to a given player. It is discussed in depth what characteristics are desirable for these clusterings. Weighting the criteria for the second clustering is informed by a survey of football experts.
Geschichte and Historie in Schelling’s Early Studies of Christianity
Authors: Bhatti Yashua 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
In den frühen Arbeiten von Schelling findet sich eine empirische Historie des Christentums. Diese muss jedoch zusammengesetzt werden, und dazu muss zunächst geklärt werden, wie er zwei Begriffe unterscheidet: Geschichte und Historie. Erstere meint das spekulative Geschichtsverständnis; letztere das empirische Verständnis. Setzt man Schellings Historie, bzw. sein rein historisches Verständnis des Christentums zusammen, wird deutlich, dass es von der indischen Religion bis zum Protestantismus reicht. Sich über Schellings empirische Historie des Christentums im Klaren zu sein, ermöglicht, sein spekulatives Geschichtsverständnis, seine historische und spekulative Konstruktion des Christentums und seine Auffassung von Theologie im Allgemeinen besser zu verstehen.
Providenz nachlesen. Erzählstrategie und Relecture in der Josephsnovelle ausgehend von Gen 50,15–26
Authors: Rabel Magnus 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Josephsnovelle ist ein Zeugnis der vordergründigen Widerfahrnisse Josephs und der hintergründigen Providenz Gottes. Um diese richtig zu verstehen, bedarf es der zielgerichteten Lektüre jener. Die Linse hierfür liefert die Josephsfigur im Schlussabschnitt 50,15–26 der Novelle. Dort bietet die Deutung Josephs eine providenzielle Sicht auf die Geschehnisse der vorherigen Kapitel. Dabei fungieren die engen Verbindungen von Kapitel 50 zu 37, das Motiv der Heimsuchung Gottes (50,24 f.), und des Hinaufführens der Gebeine Josephs (50,25) erzählstrategisch als Aufforderung zur Relecture, um mit einem geschärften Blick die verborgene Providenz Gottes in der Novelle von Kanaan nach Ägypten (neu) zu erkennen.
Hysteresis in three-dimensional multi-layer molecularly thin-film lubrication
Authors: Wu Zuo-Bing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
For three-dimensional multi-layer molecularly thin-film lubrication system with elastic substrates, roles of hysteresis on tribological properties are investigated by using the multiscale simulation method. It is found that multiple stick-slip transitions with/without hysteresis loops appear in a sliding process and form a quasi-periodic progress with lattice distance. For the few-/multi-layer thin-film lubrication system, as the load increases, the hysteresis length monotonously increases/tends to keep constant. The hysteresis is mainly caused by the relaxation of metastable states of solid atoms in the elastic substrates, which delays the system back to its equilibrium states. In the quasi-periodic shearing progress, the effective elastic coefficients and the hysteresis lengths approximately remain unchanged, which reveals that although the hysteresis loops with the same lengths appear in the sliding process, the total systematic energy is still conserved. These findings not only provide a profound understanding of roles of hysteresis in the thin-film lubrication system but also show the effects of film layers and loads on the systematic tribological properties, which are of great significance for practical applications.
Running throughout Middle-Age Keeps Old Adult-Born Neurons Wired
Authors: Vivar Carmen , Peterson Ben , Pinto Alejandro , Janke Emma , van Praag Henriette 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExercise may prevent or delay aging-related memory loss and neurodegeneration. In rodents, running increases the number of adult-born neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, in association with improved synaptic plasticity and memory function. However, it is unclear whether adult-born neurons remain fully integrated into the hippocampal network during aging and whether long-term running affects their connectivity. To address this issue, we labeled proliferating DG neural progenitor cells with retrovirus expressing the avian TVA receptor in two-month-old sedentary and running male C57Bl/6 mice. More than six months later, we injected EnvA-pseudotyped rabies virus into the DG as a monosynaptic retrograde tracer, to selectively infect TVA expressing “old” new neurons. We identified and quantified the direct afferent inputs to these adult-born neurons within the hippocampus and (sub)cortical areas. Here, we show that long-term running substantially modifies the network of the neurons generated in young adult mice, upon middle-age. Exercise increases input from hippocampal interneurons onto “old” adult-born neurons, which may play a role in reducing aging-related hippocampal hyperexcitability. In addition, running prevents the loss of adult-born neuron innervation from perirhinal cortex, and increases input from subiculum and entorhinal cortex, brain areas that are essential for contextual and spatial memory. Thus, long-term running maintains the wiring of “old” new neurons, born during early adulthood, within a network that is important for memory function during aging.
Electrical Stimulation of Temporal and Limbic Circuitry Produces Distinct Responses in Human Ventral Temporal Cortex
Authors: Huang Harvey , Gregg Nicholas M. , Ojeda Valencia Gabriela , Brinkmann Benjamin H. , Lundstrom Brian N. , Worrell Gregory A. , Miller Kai J. , Hermes Dora 
Published: May 2023

The human ventral temporal cortex (VTC) is highly connected to integrate visual perceptual inputs with feedback from cognitive and emotional networks. In this study, we used electrical brain stimulation to understand how different inputs from multiple brain regions drive unique electrophysiological responses in the VTC. We recorded intracranial EEG data in 5 patients (3 female) implanted with intracranial electrodes for epilepsy surgery evaluation. Pairs of electrodes were stimulated with single-pulse electrical stimulation, and corticocortical evoked potential responses were measured at electrodes in the collateral sulcus and lateral occipitotemporal sulcus of the VTC. Using a novel unsupervised machine learning method, we uncovered 2-4 distinct response shapes, termed basis profile curves (BPCs), at each measurement electrode in the 11-500 ms after stimulation interval. Corticocortical evoked potentials of unique shape and high amplitude were elicited following stimulation of several regions and classified into a set of four consensus BPCs across subjects. One of the consensus BPCs was primarily elicited by stimulation of the hippocampus; another by stimulation of the amygdala; a third by stimulation of lateral cortical sites, such as the middle temporal gyrus; and the final one by stimulation of multiple distributed sites. Stimulation also produced sustained high-frequency power decreases and low-frequency power increases that spanned multiple BPC categories. Characterizing distinct shapes in stimulation responses provides a novel description of connectivity to the VTC and reveals significant differences in input from cortical and limbic structures.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDisentangling the numerous input influences on highly connected areas in the brain is a critical step toward understanding how brain networks work together to coordinate human behavior. Single-pulse electrical stimulation is an effective tool to accomplish this goal because the shapes and amplitudes of signals recorded from electrodes are informative of the synaptic physiology of the stimulation-driven inputs. We focused on targets in the ventral temporal cortex, an area strongly implicated in visual object perception. By using a data-driven clustering algorithm, we identified anatomic regions with distinct input connectivity profiles to the ventral temporal cortex. Examining high-frequency power changes revealed possible modulation of excitability at the recording site induced by electrical stimulation of connected regions.
Representational Geometries Reveal Differential Effects of Response Correlations on Population Codes in Neurophysiology and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Cheng Zi-Jian , Yang Lingxiao , Zhang Wen-Hao , Zhang Ru-Yuan 
Published: May 2023

Two sensory neurons usually display trial-by-trial spike-count correlations given the repeated representations of a stimulus. The effects of such response correlations on population-level sensory coding have been the focal contention in computational neuroscience over the past few years. In the meantime, multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has become the leading analysis approach in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but the effects of response correlations among voxel populations remain underexplored. Here, instead of conventional MVPA analysis, we calculate linear Fisher information of population responses in human visual cortex (five males, one female) and hypothetically remove response correlations between voxels. We found that voxelwise response correlations generally enhance stimulus information, a result standing in stark contrast to the detrimental effects of response correlations reported in empirical neurophysiological studies. By voxel-encoding modeling, we further show that these two seemingly opposite effects actually can coexist within the primate visual system. Furthermore, we use principal component analysis to decompose stimulus information in population responses onto different principal dimensions in a high-dimensional representational space. Interestingly, response correlations simultaneously reduce and enhance information on higher- and lower-variance principal dimensions, respectively. The relative strength of the two antagonistic effects within the same computational framework produces the apparent discrepancy in the effects of response correlations in neuronal and voxel populations. Our results suggest that multivariate fMRI data contain rich statistical structures that are directly related to sensory information representation, and the general computational framework to analyze neuronal and voxel population responses can be applied in many types of neural measurements.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDespite the vast research interest in the effect of spike-count noise correlations on population codes in neurophysiology, it remains unclear how the response correlations between voxels influence MVPA in human imaging. We used an information-theoretic approach and showed that unlike the detrimental effects of response correlations reported in neurophysiology, voxelwise response correlations generally improve sensory coding. We conducted a series of in-depth analyses and demonstrated that neuronal and voxel response correlations can coexist within the visual system and share some common computational mechanisms. These results shed new light on how the population codes of sensory information can be evaluated via different neural measurements.
Acetylation coordinates the crosstalk between carbon metabolism and ammonium assimilation in Salmonella enterica
Authors: Sun Yunwei , Zhang Yuebin , Zhao Tingting , Luan Yi , Wang Ying , Yang Chen , Shen Bo , Huang Xi , Li Guohui , Zhao Shimin , Zhao Guo‐ping , Wang Qijun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEnteric bacteria use up to 15% of their cellular energy for ammonium assimilation via glutamine synthetase (GS)/glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in response to varying ammonium availability. However, the sensory mechanisms for effective and appropriate coordination between carbon metabolism and ammonium assimilation have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that in Salmonella enterica, carbon metabolism coordinates the activities of GS/GDH via functionally reversible protein lysine acetylation. Glucose promotes Pat acetyltransferase‐mediated acetylation and activation of adenylylated GS. Simultaneously, glucose induces GDH acetylation to inactivate the enzyme by impeding its catalytic centre, which is reversed upon GDH deacetylation by deacetylase CobB. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicate that adenylylation is required for acetylation‐dependent activation of GS. We show that acetylation and deacetylation occur within minutes of “glucose shock” to promptly adapt to ammonium/carbon variation and finely balance glutamine/glutamate synthesis. Finally, in a mouse infection model, reduced S. enterica growth caused by the expression of adenylylation‐mimetic GS is rescued by acetylation‐mimicking mutations. Thus, glucose‐driven acetylation integrates signals from ammonium assimilation and carbon metabolism to fine‐tune bacterial growth control.
Deterministic and probabilistic fate decisions co‐exist in a single retinal lineage
Authors: Nerli Elisa , Kretzschmar Jenny , Bianucci Tommaso , Rocha‐Martins Mauricio , Zechner Christoph , Norden Caren 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCorrect nervous system development depends on the timely differentiation of progenitor cells into neurons. While the output of progenitor differentiation is well investigated at the population and clonal level, how stereotypic or variable fate decisions are during development is still more elusive. To fill this gap, we here follow the fate outcome of single neurogenic progenitors in the zebrafish retina over time using live imaging. We find that neurogenic progenitor divisions produce two daughter cells, one of deterministic and one of probabilistic fate. Interference with the deterministic branch of the lineage affects lineage progression. In contrast, interference with fate probabilities of the probabilistic branch results in a broader range of fate possibilities than in wild‐type and involves the production of any neuronal cell type even at non‐canonical developmental stages. Combining the interference data with stochastic modelling of fate probabilities revealed that a simple gene regulatory network is able to predict the observed fate decision probabilities during wild‐type development. These findings unveil unexpected lineage flexibility that could ensure robust development of the retina and other tissues.
KONSEP LIMA MIM: PERSEPSI PELAJAR TERHADAP GURU INOVATIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Wan Ali Akbar Wan Abdullah  , Nursafra Mohd Zhaffar  , Khadijah Abdul Razak  , Mohd Isa Hamzah  
Published: May 2023

Konsep lima mim adalah konsep guru Pendidikan Islam yang memperincikan peranan guru Pendidikan Islam daripada lima konstruk, iaitu; mudarris, muaddib, murabbi, mursyid dan muallim. Penerimaan konsep ini menyebabkannya ia digunakan dalam pelbagai kajian sebagai kerangka. Konsep ini turut diubahsuai dan dikembangkan dalam model-model guru yang lain. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan konsep lima mim untuk menilai persepsi pelajar terhadap guru inovatif Pendidikan Islam. Seramai 284 pelajar terlibat sebagai responden. Dapatan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Dapatan menunjukkan konstruk muaddib mempunyai nilai min yang lebih tinggi berbanding mim yang lain dan merupakan satu-satunya konstruk yang berada pada tahap sangat tinggi. Manakala konstruk mudarris pula mempunyai nilai min yang paling rendah, namun masih berada pada tahap tinggi. Kajian ini dapat memberikan panduan kepada para guru khususnya Guru Pendidikan Islam yang minat berinovasi untuk menyeimbangkan kualiti dan peranan sebagai mudarris, muaddib, murabbi, mursyid dan muallim agar berjaya menterjemahkannya ke dalam amalan pengajaran.
The concept of five-mims is the concept of Islamic Education teachers that details the role of Islamic Education teachers from five constructs, namely; mudarris, muaddib, murabbi, mursyid and teacher. The acceptance of this concept caused it to be used in various studies as a framework. This concept is also modified and developed in other teacher models. This study was conducted by using the concept of five memes to evaluate students' perceptions of innovative Islamic Education teachers. A total of 284 students were involved as respondents. Findings were analyzed descriptively. Findings show that the construct of muaddib has a higher mean value compared to other memes and is the only construct that is at a very high level. While the mudarris construct has the lowest mean value, but is still at a high level. This study can provide guidance to teachers, especially Islamic Education Teachers who are interested in innovating to balance the quality and role as mudarris, muaddib, murabbi, mursyid and muallim in order to successfully translate it into teaching practice.
SHP2 participates in decidualization by activating ERK to maintain normal nuclear localization of progesterone receptor
Authors: Chen Lin , Zhao Weijie , Li Mengxiong , Yang Yazhu , Tian Chengzi , Zhang Dengyang , Chang Zhiguang , Zhang Yunzhe , Zhao Zhizhuang Joe , Chen Yun , Ma Lin 
Published: May 2023

In brief
The establishment and maintenance of embryo implantation and pregnancy require decidualization of endometrial stromal cells. This paper reveals that SHP2 ensures the correct subcellular localization of progesterone receptor, thereby safeguarding the process of decidualization.

Abstract
Decidualization is the process of conversion of endometrial stromal cells into decidual stromal cells, which is caused by progesterone production that begins during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and then increases throughout pregnancy dedicated to support embryonic development. Decidualization deficiency is closely associated with various pregnancy complications, such as recurrent miscarriage (RM). Here, we reported that Src-homology-2-containing phospho-tyrosine phosphatase (SHP2), a key regulator in the signal transduction process downstream of various receptors, plays an indispensable role in decidualization. SHP2 expression was upregulated during decidualization. SHP2 inhibitor RMC-4550 and shRNA-mediated SHP2 reduction resulted in a decreased level of phosphorylation of ERK and aberrant cytoplasmic localization of progesterone receptor (PR), coinciding with reduced expression of IGFBP1 and various other target genes of decidualization. Solely inhibiting ERK activity recapitulated these observations. Administration of RMC-4550 led to decidualization deficiency and embryo absorption in mice. Moreover, reduced expression of SHP2 was detected in the decidua of RM patients. Our results revealed that SHP2 is key to PR's nuclear localization, thereby indispensable for decidualization and that reduced expression of SHP2 might be engaged in the pathogenesis of RM.
Homicides Disguised as Fire Deaths
Authors: Žiūkaitė Gabrielė , Jasaitė Marta , Chmieliauskas Sigitas , Vasiljevaitė Diana , Laima Sigitas , Banionis Dalius , Stasiūnienė Jurgita 
Published: May 2023

Background: When conducting a forensic examination of burnt bodies, it is important to determine whether the victim was exposed to fire while alive or after death. The differential diagnosis between antemortem and postmortem burning is difficult and often cannot be made based on information obtained solely from the autopsy. The aim of the study is to review current literature on this topic and present clinical cases that illustrate how challenging the determination of vitality during the fire and manner of death can be.Materials and methods: We present four cases of burnt homicide victims, illustrating the complexity of forensic determination of the cause of death in the fire and the importance of differential diagnosis of antemortem and postmortem exposure to flames.Results: In the forensic assessment autopsy is a fundamental to determine the cause of death. When death is related to fire, particular findings during autopsy can help to suspect that the victim was alive. One of the main antemortem signs is the deposition of soot in the respiratory tract. Another important test is the toxicological analysis, which determines the level of carboxyhaemoglobin in the blood: a concentration of more than 50% indicates that the person died in the fire.Conclusions: Forensic examination of burnt bodies requires a comprehensive and detailed assessment of all available data. The autopsy, together with additional diagnostic forensic methods, including histological examination, toxicological analysis and postmortem computed tomography, allows the exact cause of death to be determined.
Central Bank Digital Currency: research streams – a literature review
Authors: Šapkauskienė Alfreda , Prialgauskaitė Ineta 
Published: May 2023

Each type of payment - whether it would be coins and notes, electronic bank transfer, or remittance via fractions of bitcoin - could lead to a considerable number of benefits, as well, could possess a substantial number of risks or even threats to the current financial system and stability. The relatively recent concept of payment - cryptocurrencies, especially central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) - from a historical point of view, remains a mystery with only a few central banks to date launching these particular digital currencies. Since fundamental decisions in the development of CBDCs are taking place nowadays, it highlights the importance of a thorough review of already existing theoretical research with a view to determining various assessments and blind spots, before introducing CBDCs in the wider markets and usage. The scientific literature about CBDC was analysed using an extensive and systematic study of available research publications, their categorization, and summarizing. The authors offer a new glance toward a systemization of available scientific literature with a focus on CBDC. This novel suggestion of dividing research areas supports the idea of the end-to-end product life-cycle and comes into four different groups: motivations, design features, demands, and final impact on monetary sovereignty and the financial system as a whole. The unknown level of CBDC’s demand or expression of design features encourages researchers to consider various theoretical implications before CBDC will be creating major shifts in the banking industry or financial ecosystem.