bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontitis in individuals with few remaining teeth and a high gingival bleeding index increases the probability of dyslipidemia
Authors: Gomes‐Filho Isaac Suzart , Freitas Taciane Oliveira Bet , Cruz Simone Seixas da , Trindade Soraya Castro , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Couto Souza Paulo Henrique , Cerqueira Eneida de Moraes Marcílio , Hintz Alexandre Marcelo , Carneiro Daline Oliveira , Lacerda Juliana Andrade de , Seymour Gregory John , Scannapieco Frank Andrew , Loomer Peter Michael , Passos‐Soares Johelle de Santana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDyslipidemia, a silent multifactorial condition, is characterized by changes in blood lipid levels, affecting all socioeconomic strata, increasing the risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study investigated whether there is an association between dyslipidemia and the combined exposure of periodontitis plus the number of remaining teeth, gingival bleeding, or caries.MethodsA two‐center cross‐sectional study was conducted involving 1270 individuals, with a minimum age of 18 years. Socioeconomic and demographic data, health conditions, lifestyle parameters, and anthropometric, biochemical, and oral clinical examinations were performed. The exposures considered were the presence of periodontitis, dental caries, number of remaining teeth, and gingival bleeding. The outcome was dyslipidemia as defined by the Brazilian Guidelines on Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Atherosclerosis. The combined associations between periodontitis plus other oral health conditions and dyslipidemia were estimated using confounder‐adjusted prevalence ratios (PRsingle, PRmultiple, for single and multiple covariable adjustments) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), in a Poisson regression model with robust variance.ResultsThe occurrence of dyslipidemia was 70.1% and periodontitis was 84.1%. A positive association between periodontitis and dyslipidemia existed: PRsingle = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01–1.26. Combined exposure of periodontitis plus <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.05–1.43), as well as combined exposure of periodontitis plus ≥10% gingival bleeding and <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03–1.44), represented greater probabilities of 23% and 22% of individuals having a diagnosis of dyslipidemia.ConclusionPeriodontitis combined with fewer than 11 teeth doubled the likelihood of being diagnosed with dyslipidemia.
Body mass estimate of Anancus arvernensis (Croizet and Jobert 1828): comparison of the regression and volumetric methods
Authors: Romano Marco , Bellucci Luca , Antonelli Matteo , Manucci Fabio , Palombo Maria Rita 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTIn this contribution, we estimate the possible living body mass (BM) of the anancine gomphotheriid Anancus arvernensis, by testing a recently proposed volumetric method based on hyper‐realistic in vivo 3D reconstructions and comparing the results with the BM obtained by using regression formulas. The analysis, conducted starting from two articulated skeletons, showed that the performance of regression formulas varies considerably from taxon to taxon, with plausible estimates obtained only when the mean of all the formulas on the individual bones is available and considered. Differently, formulas applied to single bones can lead to underestimations or overestimations of up to 300%, with BM ranging from 54 kg to 26 metric tonnes. By using the volumetric method, the in vivo reconstruction of Anancus arvernensis made it possible to estimate a BM between 5.2 and 6 t, a figure close to that of an extant adult male African elephant. The obtained results show that estimating BM in terrestrial tetrapods from single or fragmented bones might lead to highly improbable and misleading conclusions. Thus, in the presence of adequately complete mounted skeletons, it is always preferable and recommended to estimate the BM using the volumetric approach, which is based on an in vivo 3D reconstruction.
Application of colorimetric sensor array coupled with machine‐learning approaches for the discrimination of grains based on freshness
Authors: Liang Yue , Lin Hao , Kang Wencui , Shao Xiaokang , Cai Jianrong , Li Huanhuan , Chen Quansheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) in grain fluctuate depending on the degree of grain freshness. A new colorimetric sensor array (CSA) was developed as capture probes for the quantification of VOCs in grains in this work, and it was designed to monitor the variation of grain VOCs. CSA spectral data acquisition using visible–near‐infrared spectroscopy and image processing of CSA's image imformation by computer were used comparatively. Then, machine‐learning‐based models – for example, synergistic interval partial least squares, genetic algorithm, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) algorithm, and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm – were introduced to optimize variables. Moreover, principal component analysis, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and K‐nearest neighbors (KNN) were used for the classification. Ultimately, quantitative models for detecting grain freshness are developed using various variable selection strategies.ResultsCompared with the pattern recognition results of image processing, visible–near‐infrared spectroscopy could better separate the grains with different freshness from principal component analysis, and the prediction set of LDA models could correctly identify 100% of rice, 96.88% of paddy, and 97.9% of soybeans. In addition, compared with CARS and ACO, the LDA model and KNN model based on genetic algorithms show the best prediction performance. The prediction set could correctly identify 100% of rice and paddy samples and 95.83% of soybean samples.ConclusionThe method developed could be used for non‐destructive detection of grain freshness. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The protective effects of Bacillus licheniformis against inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage in broilers with necrotic enteritis induced by Clostridium perfringens
Authors: Zhang Ruiqiang , Qin Songke , Yang Caimei , Niu Yu , Feng Jie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBacillus licheniformis is a gram‐positive bacterium that has strong environmental adaptability and can improve the growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant function of broilers. The current study aimed to elucidate the protective capability of B. licheniformis against inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage in broilers with necrotic enteritis (NE) induced by Clostridium perfringens (CP).ResultsThe results showed that B. licheniformis enhanced the final body weight in broilers compared with that of broilers in the CP group after the stress of infection (P < 0.05). Bacillus licheniformis reversed the decreased levels of serum and jejunum mucosa immunoglobulins and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, reduced the values of villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and mitigated the increased levels of serum d‐lactic acid and diamine oxidase in CP‐challenged broilers (P < 0.05). Moreover, B. licheniformis modulated the expression levels of genes involved in the TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway, and the sirt 1/Parkin signalling pathway in CP‐challenged broilers. Compared with the CP challenge group, the B. licheniformis‐treated group exhibited reduced abundance values of Shuttleworthia and Alistipes and enhanced abundance values of Parabacteroides in the caecal contents (P < 0.05).ConclusionBacillus licheniformis improved the final body weight and alleviated the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function damage in birds with NE induced by CP by maintaining intestinal physiological function, enhancing immunity, regulating inflammatory cytokine secretion, modulating the mitophagy response, and increasing the abundance of beneficial intestinal flora. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
HO2•$_{2}^{\bullet }$+O3 → OH•+2O2 reaction: A potential source of vibrationally hot OH radicals in the atmosphere
Authors: Rai Philips Kumar , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present work, using on‐the‐fly classical trajectory calculations along with quantum chemical computation, we have shown that HO+O3→ OH•+2O2 reaction can be a potential source of the vibrationally excited OH radical. The investigation suggests that OH radical will be majorly produced in ν=1 and ν=2 states. We have also shown that the vibrationally hot OH radical is key in interpreting the observed branching fraction of 16OH• in the gas phase experiment of Nelson and Zahniser (J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 2101–2104). Lastly, we have discussed the atmospheric implications of title reaction by comparing it with other chemical reactions known to produce hot OH radical in the atmosphere.
Changes in reported levels of depression and anxiety among rural and urban populations during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Danek Robin , Taylor Heather , Ellis Hilts Katy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has affected nearly everyone, however experiences and perceptions of COVID have been different across rural and urban areas in the United States, including effects on mental health. The purpose of the current study is to examine changes in levels of reported anxiety and depression within rural and urban populations before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United States. Using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), we used a repeated cross‐sectional study design including adults (age 18 or older) who were sampled in 2019 and 2020. We examined the relationship between worsening mental health outcomes (depression and anxiety) and rurality, controlling for individual's demographic and health‐related measures. Individuals living in an urban area were more likely to report worsening anxiety (28.8% vs. 23.0% p < 0.001) and use of mental health services (10.4% vs. 8.1% p = 0.054) in the previous 12 months than their rural counterparts. No significant differences were detected in the likelihood of reporting worsening depression, when comparing those living in rural versus urban areas. We found that individuals living in urban areas were more likely to report worsening anxiety than those living in rural areas during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Urban areas were affected earlier and more severely as early epicenters of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United States, which may have contributed to worsening anxiety among these populations as compared to rural populations. Additionally, our findings may reflect urban and rural population differences in the perception and/or enforcement of COVID‐19 policies such as lockdown and social distancing policies.
A host E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates Salmonella virulence by targeting an SPI‐2 effector involved in SIF biogenesis
Authors: Meng Kun , Yang Jin , Xue Juan , Lv Jun , Zhu Ping , Shi Liuliu , Li Shan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSalmonella Typhimurium creates an intracellular niche for its replication by utilizing a large cohort of effectors, including several that function to interfere with host ubiquitin signaling. Although the mechanism of action of many such effectors has been elucidated, how the interplay between the host ubiquitin network and bacterial virulence factors dictates the outcome of infection largely remains undefined. In this study, we found that the SPI‐2 effector SseK3 inhibits SNARE pairing to promote the formation of a Salmonella‐induced filament by Arg‐GlcNAcylation of SNARE proteins, including SNAP25, VAMP8, and Syntaxin. Further study reveals that host cells counteract the activity of SseK3 by inducing the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM32, which catalyzes K48‐linked ubiquitination on SseK3 and targets its membrane‐associated portion for degradation. Hence, TRIM32 antagonizes SNAP25 Arg‐GlcNAcylation induced by SseK3 to restrict Salmonella‐induced filament biogenesis and Salmonella replication. Our study reveals a mechanism by which host cells inhibit bacterial replication by eliminating specific virulence factors.
A GIS framework for prediction of basin‐wide post‐failure geometry of confined subaqueous landslides
Authors: Klein Boaz , Leuch Corina , Puzrin Alexander M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStability analysis of submarine and sub‐lacustrine slopes requires special attention to the strain‐softening nature of clay‐rich sediments. Utilizing the often‐used infinite slope assumption using the peak strength is inadequate for the task at hand as the well‐known limit equilibrium method may provide non‐conservative estimate of marine slopes’ stability. In this paper, a GIS based framework is developed to account for a more suitable shear band propagation slope‐failure criterion for basin‐wide stability calculations. After determining the slab failure prone areas, the framework employs analytical criterion for retrogressive failure above the slab and depth‐integrated finite element method for calculating the size of confined slides at the toe. This allows predicting the landslide's post‐failure configuration and the overall landslide coverage zone. The framework is first benchmarked to prove its competence and then applied to the well documented Zinnen Slide and the southeastern banks of the Küssnacht Basin, Lake Lucerne, Switzerland. The results of the application show good agreement with the observed basin geomorphology.
Exact solution approaches for the discrete α‐neighbor p‐center problem
Authors: Gaar Elisabeth , Sinnl Markus 
Published: June 2023

The discrete ‐neighbor ‐center problem (d‐‐CP) is an emerging variant of the classical ‐center problem which recently got attention in literature. In this problem, we are given a discrete set of points and we need to locate facilities on these points in such a way that the maximum distance between each point where no facility is located and its ‐closest facility is minimized. The only existing algorithms in literature for solving the d‐‐CP are approximation algorithms and two recently proposed heuristics. In this work, we present two integer programming formulations for the d‐‐CP, together with lifting of inequalities, valid inequalities, inequalities that do not change the optimal objective function value and variable fixing procedures. We provide theoretical results on the strength of the formulations and convergence results for the lower bounds obtained after applying the lifting procedures or the variable fixing procedures in an iterative fashion. Based on our formulations and theoretical results, we develop branch‐and‐cut (B&C ) algorithms, which are further enhanced with a starting heuristic and a primal heuristic. We evaluate the effectiveness of our B&C algorithms using instances from literature. Our algorithms are able to solve 116 out of 194 instances from literature to proven optimality, with a runtime of under a minute for most of them. By doing so, we also provide improved solution values for 116 instances.
Gαi‐coupled GPR41 activation increases Ca2+ influx in C2C12 cells and shows a therapeutic effect in diabetic animals
Authors: Lee Do‐Hyung , Heo Kyung‐Sun , Myung Chang‐Seon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms by which orphan G protein‐coupled receptor GPR41 activation enhances glucose uptake into C2C12 myotubes using a GPR41‐selective agonist, AR420626, and to examine the ability of this agent to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in vivo.MethodsBasal and insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 translocations were measured in C2C12 myotubes. Ca2+ influx into cells was measured and GPR41‐mediated signaling by AR420626 was examined. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed, and plasma insulin levels were measured in streptozotocin‐treated or high‐fat diet‐fed diabetic mice. The glycogen content was measured in skeletal muscle tissue.ResultsAR420626 increased basal and insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake, which was reduced by pertussis toxin, an inhibitor of Gαi‐mediated signaling, and treatment with small interfering RNA for GPR41 (siGPR41). AR420626 increased intracellular Ca2+ influx and phosphorylated Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase type II, cyclic AMP‐responsive element‐binding protein, and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38) in C2C12 myotubes, which were inhibited by treating with pertussis toxin, amlodipine (Ca2+ channel blocker), and siGPR41. AR420626 increased plasma insulin levels and skeletal muscle glycogen content and improved glucose tolerance in streptozotocin‐ and high‐fat diet‐induced diabetic mouse models.ConclusionsGPR41 activation with AR420626 increased glucose uptake mediated by Ca2+ signaling via GPR41, improving diabetes mellitus.
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Curcumin‐loaded nanoparticle based on poloxamer188 for glioma treatment: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation
Authors: Hou Xueyan , Xu Jingjing , He Sisi , Bai Jintao , Guan Yalin , Pan Xiaofei , Yang Jiake , Zhang Nan , Yang Shang , Hu Jie , Yang Xue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlioma is the most common primary cancer of central nervous system due to its rapid proliferation and high lethality. In this study, a novel poloxamer188‐based drug delivery system, poloxamer188‐poly(1,4,8‐trioxaspiro[4.6]undecan‐9‐one)‐poly(1,3‐dioxan‐2‐one) nanoparticles (P188TT NPs) were developed. The 1H NMR, Raman and FITC spectra demonstrated that P188TT copolymer was successfully synthesized. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) measurement showed that P188TT NPs had a low CMC. The characterization and bio‐safety assessment verified that P188TT NPs had the appropriate size, zeta potential, good stability, and ideal bio‐safety. In addition, the curcumin‐loaded P188TT NPs (Cur/P188TT NPs) were fabricated and then analyzed by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA). The in vitro release study displayed that the release rate of Cur from Cur/P188TT NPs in pH 6.8 was appreciably faster than that in pH 7.4. The tissue distribution study showed that these NPs had good brain‐targeting efficiency. The cellular uptake assay suggested that P188TT NPs could promote the uptake of Cur in glioma cells. The MTT tests indicated that P188TT NPs could increase the anti‐tumor activity of encapsulated drugs. Therefore, P188TT NPs showed potential as a brain targeting nano‐carrier for glioma therapy, which required further validation in glioma models in vivo.
Structure and mechanical properties of natural rubber vulcanized with various zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Bunsreyneang , Boonkerd Kanoktip , Kawahara Seiichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEffect of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on vulcanization mechanism of natural rubber and crosslinking structure of its vulcanizate was investigated by rubber‐state NMR spectroscopy. Natural rubber was compounded with various ZnO nanoparticles (c‐ZnO, NC105, NC205, NC23, NC234(STA), and AZ12N), stearic acid, N‐tert‐butyl‐2‐benzothiazole sulfonamide (TBBS), N‐(1,3‐dimethylbutyl)‐N′‐phenylenediamine (6PPD), and sulfur. Vulcanization of the compounded natural rubber was analyzed with a moving die rheometer. The resulting natural rubber vulcanizates were characterized by swelling method, rubber‐state NMR spectroscopy, and tensile test. The rubber‐state NMR measurements revealed that natural rubber was efficiently vulcanized with NC205 and AZ12N but not with c‐ZnO, NC234, and NC234(STA). A relationship between the structure of vulcanized natural rubber and surface activity, surface structure, and particle size of the ZnO nanoparticles was investigated in this study. The mechanical properties of vulcanized natural rubber were found to depend on not only strain‐induced crystallization but also amount of effective CS linkages.
Twin‐twin transfusion syndrome recipient with arterial calcification and heterozygous variant in ABCC6: Evidence of a gene‐environment interaction?
Authors: Springman Andrea , Forde Braxton , Tolusso Leandra , DeFranco Emily , Swarr Daniel T. , Wright E. Deah , Habli Mounira 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report a case of a twin‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) recipient who, after successful fetoscopic surgery, developed a large pericardial effusion and calcifications of the aorta and main pulmonary artery. The donor fetus never had cardiac strain and never developed cardiac calcifications. A heterozygous likely pathogenic variant in ABCC6 (c.2018T > C, p.Leu673Pro) was identified in the recipient twin. While TTTS recipient twins are at risk of arterial calcifications and right heart failure secondary to the disease, calcifications of the great vessels are also observed in generalized arterial calcification of infancy, a Mendelian genetic disorder with associated biallelic pathogenic variations in ABCC6 or ENPP1, which can result in significant pediatric morbidity or mortality. The recipient twin in this case had some degree of cardiac strain prior to TTTS surgery; however, the progressive calcification of the aorta and pulmonary trunk occurred weeks after TTTS resolution. This case raises the possibility of a gene‐environment interaction and emphasizes the need for genetic evaluation in the setting of TTTS and calcifications.
Prevalent new user designs: A literature review of current implementation practice
Authors: Tazare John , Gibbons Daniel C. , Bokern Marleen , Williamson Elizabeth J. , Gillespie Iain A. , Cunnington Marianne , Logie John , Douglas Ian J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposePrevalent new user (PNU) designs extend the active comparator new user design by allowing for the inclusion of initiators of the study drug who were previously on a comparator treatment. We performed a literature review summarising current practice.MethodsPubMed was searched for studies applying the PNU design since its proposal in 2017. The review focused on three components. First, we extracted information on the overall study design, including the database used. We summarised information on implementation of the PNU design, including key decisions relating to exposure set definition and estimation of time‐conditional propensity scores. Finally, we reviewed the analysis strategy of the matched cohort.ResultsNineteen studies met the criteria for inclusion. Most studies (73%) implemented the PNU design in electronic health record or registry databases, with the remaining using insurance claims databases. Of 15 studies including a class of prevalent users, 40% deviated from the original exposure set definition proposals in favour of a more complex definition. Four studies did not include prevalent new users but used other aspects of the PNU framework. Several studies lacked details on exposure set definition (n = 2), time‐conditional propensity score model (n = 2) or integration of complex analytical techniques, such as the high‐dimensional propensity score algorithm (n = 3).ConclusionPNU designs have been applied in a range of therapeutic and disease areas. However, to encourage more widespread use of this design and help shape best practice, there is a need for improved accessibility, specifically through the provision of analytical code alongside guidance to support implementation and transparent reporting.
Registration of ‘ARoma 22’, an aromatic long‐grain rice cultivar
Authors: Wisdom D. K. A. , De Guzman C. T. , Moldenhauer K. A. K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture's Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station released the cultivar ‘Aroma 22’ (Reg. no. CV‐157, PI 701903) in February 2022. ARoma 22 is a high‐yielding, mid‐season, jasmine‐type aromatic long‐grain rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar derived from the cross ‘Jazzman’//‘Drew’/PI 637517/3/‘Taggart’ made at the Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, AR, in 2012. ARoma 22 has a milling yield of 62/69 (% whole:% total), has an average plant height of 97 cm and reaches 50% heading at 90 days in Arkansas Rice Performance Trials. The aromatic line, ARoma 22, offers a jasmine‐type rice adapted to Arkansas growing conditions for rice producers who wish to serve the aromatic rice consumer market.