bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome monitoring and risk stratification after cardiac procedure in neonates, infants, children and young adults born with congenital heart disease: protocol for a multicentre prospective cohort study (Children OMACp)
Authors: Baquedano Mai , de Jesus Samantha E , Rapetto Filippo , Murphy Gavin J , Angelini Gianni , Benedetto Umberto , Caldas Patricia , Srivastava Prashant K , Uzun Orhan , Luyt Karen , Gonzalez Corcia Cecilia , Taliotis Demetris , Stoica Serban , Lawlor Deborah A , Bamber Andrew R , Perry Alison , Skeffington Katie L , Omeje Ikenna , Pappachan John , Mumford Andrew D , Coward Richard J M , Kenny Damien , Caputo Massimo 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCongenital heart disease (CHD) represents the most common birth defect, affecting from 0.4% to 1.2% of children born in developed countries. The survival of these patients has increased significantly, but CHD remains one of the major causes of neonatal and childhood death. The aetiology of CHD is complex, with some evidence of both genetic and environmental causes. However, there is still lack of knowledge regarding modifiable risk factors and molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying the development of CHD. This study aims to develop a prospective cohort of patients undergoing cardiac procedures that will bring together routinely collected clinical data and biological samples from patients and their biological mothers, in order to investigate risk factors and predictors of postoperative-outcomes, as well as better understanding the effect of the surgical intervention on the early and long-term outcomes.Methods and analysisChildren OMACp (OMACp, outcome monitoring after cardiac procedure in congenital heart disease) is a multicentre, prospective cohort study recruiting children with CHD undergoing a cardiac procedure. The study aims to recruit 3000 participants over 5 years (2019–2024) across multiple UK sites. Routine clinical data will be collected, as well as participant questionnaires collecting sociodemographic, NHS resource use and quality of life data. Biological samples (blood, urine and surgical waste tissue from patients, and blood and urine samples from biological mothers) will be collected where consent has been obtained. Follow-up outcome and questionnaire data will be collected for 5 years.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the London–Brent Research Ethics Committee on 30 July 2019 (19/SW/0113). Participants (or their parent/guardian if under 16 years of age) must provide informed consent prior to being recruited into the study. Mothers who wish to take part must also provide informed consent prior to being recruited. The study is sponsored by University Hospitals Bristol and Weston Foundation Trust and is managed by the University of Bristol. Children OMACp is adopted onto the National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network portfolio. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, presentation at conference, meetings and through patient organisations and newsletters.Trial registration numberISRCTN17650644.
Knowledge and willingness of schoolteachers in Jordan to perform CPR: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alwidyan Mahmoud T , Alkhatib Zaid I , Alrawashdeh Ahmad , Oteir Alaa O , Khasawneh Eihab A , Alqudah Zainab , Albataineh Suha A , Abukheat Yamen 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge and willingness of schoolteachers in Jordan.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study conducted using an online questionnaire.SettingFor inclusion in this study, schoolteachers must be currently teaching at any level in schools across the country. Responses were collected from 1 April 2021 to 30 April 2021.ParticipantsAll schoolteachers actively working in public or private schools were included in our study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresContinuous variables were summarised as means and SD, whereas categorical variables were reported as frequencies and percentages (%). A χ2test for independence, independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance were used appropriately. A p-value less than 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance.ResultsA total of 385 questionnaires were eligible for analyses. Only 14.5% of the participants received CPR training and overall correct knowledge answers were 18.8% of the total score. Those participants with previous CPR training had higher mean knowledge scores (2.34 vs 1.15, p<0.001). Trained participants were also more likely to provide hands-only CPR to various patient groups than untrained participants (p<0.05). Participants were more willing to provide standard CPR to family members than hands-only CPR (p<0.001), but more willing to provide hands-only CPR to friends (p<0.001), students (75.1% vs 58.2%, p<0.001), neighbour (p<0.001), stranger (p=0.001) and patient from the opposite gender (p<0.001).ConclusionsSchoolteachers in Jordan possess limited knowledge of CPR. However, the study participants showed a positive attitude towards performing CPR. The study revealed that they were more inclined to provide hands-only CPR than standard CPR. Policymakers and public health officials can take advantage of these findings to incorporate CPR training programmes for schoolteachers, either as a part of their undergraduate studies or as continuing education programmes with an emphasis on hands-only CPR.
Implementation of a multicomponent family support intervention in adult intensive care units: study protocol for an embedded mixed-methods multiple case study (FICUS implementation study)
Authors: Oesch Saskia , Verweij Lotte , Clack Lauren , Finch Tracy , Riguzzi Marco , Naef Rahel 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe implementation of complex interventions is considered challenging, particularly in multi-site clinical trials and dynamic clinical settings. This study protocol is part of the family intensive care units (FICUS) hybrid effectiveness-implementation study. It aims to understand the integration of a multicomponent family support intervention in the real-world context of adult intensive care units (ICUs). Specifically, the study will assess implementation processes and outcomes of the study intervention, including fidelity, and will enable explanation of the clinical effectiveness outcomes of the trial.Methods and analysisThis mixed-methods multiple case study is guided by two implementation theories, the Normalisation Process Theory and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Participants are key clinical partners and healthcare professionals of eight ICUs allocated to the intervention group of the FICUS trial in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. Data will be collected at four timepoints over the 18-month active implementation and delivery phase using qualitative (small group interviews, observation, focus group interviews) and quantitative data collection methods (surveys, logs). Descriptive statistics and parametric and non-parametric tests will be used according to data distribution to analyse within and between cluster differences, similarities and factors associated with fidelity and the level of integration over time. Qualitative data will be analysed using a pragmatic rapid analysis approach and content analysis.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Cantonal Ethics Committee of Zurich BASEC ID 2021-02300 (8 February 2022). Study findings will provide insights into implementation and its contribution to intervention outcomes, enabling understanding of the usefulness of applied implementation strategies and highlighting main barriers that need to be addressed for scaling the intervention to other healthcare contexts. Findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and conferences.Protocol registration numberOpen science framework (OSF)https://osf.io/8t2udRegistered on 21 December 2022.
Novel tripeptide RKH derived fromAkkermansia muciniphilaprotects against lethal sepsis
Authors: Xie Shihao , Li Jiaxin , Lyu Fengyuan , Xiong Qingming , Gu Peng , Chen Yuqi , Chen Meiling , Bao Jingna , Zhang Xianglong , Wei Rongjuan , Deng Youpeng , Wang Hongzheng , Zeng Zhenhua , Chen Zhongqing , Deng Yongqiang , Lian Zhuoshi , Zhao Jie , Gong Wei , Chen Ye , Liu Ke-Xuan , Duan Yi , Jiang Yong , Zhou Hong-Wei , Chen Peng 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThe pathogenesis of sepsis is complex, and the sepsis-induced systemic proinflammatory phase is one of the key drivers of organ failure and consequent mortality.Akkermansia muciniphila(AKK) is recognised as a functional probiotic strain that exerts beneficial effects on the progression of many diseases; however, whether AKK participates in sepsis pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we evaluated the potential contribution of AKK to lethal sepsis development.DesignRelative abundance of gut microbial AKK in septic patients was evaluated. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection were employed to establish sepsis in mice. Non-targeted and targeted metabolomics analysis were used for metabolites analysis.ResultsWe first found that the relative abundance of gut microbial AKK in septic patients was significantly reduced compared with that in non-septic controls. Live AKK supplementation, as well as supplementation with its culture supernatant, remarkably reduced sepsis-induced mortality in sepsis models. Metabolomics analysis and germ-free mouse validation experiments revealed that live AKK was able to generate a novel tripeptide Arg-Lys-His (RKH). RKH exerted protective effects against sepsis-induced death and organ damage. Furthermore, RKH markedly reduced sepsis-induced inflammatory cell activation and proinflammatory factor overproduction. A mechanistic study revealed that RKH could directly bind to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and block TLR4 signal transduction in immune cells. Finally, we validated the preventive effects of RKH against sepsis-induced systemic inflammation and organ damage in a piglet model.ConclusionWe revealed that a novel tripeptide, RKH, derived from live AKK, may act as a novel endogenous antagonist for TLR4. RKH may serve as a novel potential therapeutic approach to combat lethal sepsis after successfully translating its efficacy into clinical practice.
Palliative sedation determinants: systematic review and meta-analysis in palliative medicine
Authors: Tan Fang , Li Na , Wu Yan , Zhang Chuan 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe utilisation of palliative sedation is often favoured by patients approaching end of life due to the presence of multiple difficult-to-manage symptoms during the terminal stage. This study aimed to identify the determinants of the use of palliative sedation.MethodsTo identify pertinent observational studies, a comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO databases from their inception until March 2022. The methodological quality of the chosen prospective and retrospective cohort studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, while the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the selected cross-sectional studies. For each potential determinant of interest, the collected data were synthesised and analysed, and in cases where data could not be combined, a narrative synthesis approach was adopted.ResultsA total of 21 studies were analysed in this research, consisting of 4 prospective cohort studies, 7 retrospective cohort studies, and 10 cross-sectional studies. The findings indicated that several determinants were significantly associated with palliative sedation. These determinants included younger age, male gender, presence of tumours, dyspnoea, pain, delirium, making advanced medical end-of-life decisions, and dying in a hospital setting.ConclusionsThe findings of our review could help physicians identify patients who may need palliative sedation in advance and implement targeted interventions to reverse refractory symptoms, develop personalized palliative sedation programs, and ultimately improve the quality of palliative care services.Trial registrationPROSPERO registration number CRD42022324720.
Price elasticity of cigarette smoking in Bangladesh: evidence from the Global Adult Tobacco Surveys (GATS)
Authors: Huque Rumana , Abdullah S M , Hossain Md Nazmul , Nargis Nigar 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe overall prevalence of cigarette smoking has not changed significantly for over a decade in Bangladesh. Raising the price of cigarettes through taxation is an important policy instrument for reducing consumption and achieving public health goals. The price elasticity of cigarette demand is an important parameter for evaluating the effectiveness of raising prices through tax increases in reducing cigarette consumption. The objective of the study was to estimate the price elasticity of cigarette demand in Bangladesh using Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009 and 2017 data.MethodsSmoking prevalence and smoking intensity were estimated using a two-part model. Endogeneity of prices was minimised using the average consumption-weighted cigarette price in a cluster, for both smokers and non-smokers residing in a specific cluster.ResultsCigarette demand was found to be price inelastic and ranged between −0.51 and −0.73. It is also price inelastic across wealth groups and areas of residence in Bangladesh. Although the total price elasticity did not differ considerably between rural and urban locations, it is evident that individuals in the lower-wealth group are more than twice as responsive to price increases as their high-wealth counterparts.ConclusionA significant increase in cigarette prices through a tax increase would decrease smoking prevalence and increase tax revenue in Bangladesh. The greater price sensitivity among smokers in lower-wealth groups indicates that a tax-induced cigarette price increase would provide more health benefits to them, thereby contributing to improved health equity.
Effects of deuteron breakup and nucleon-transfer reactions on d+$$^{11}$$B elastic scattering
Authors: Amar A. , Rusek K. , Hamada Sh. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA set of experimental data consisting of angular distributions of d+$$^{11}$$

11

B elastic and inelastic scattering and (d,t) reaction obtained at deuteron energy of 14.5 MeV as well as data sets for (d,p) (E$$_d$$

d

= 21.5 MeV), (d,n) (E$$_d$$

d

= 15.4 MeV) and (d,$$^3$$

3

He) (E$$_d$$

d

= 11.8 MeV) nucleon transfer reactions were analysed using the continuum-discretized coupled-channel (CDCC) and coupled-reaction channel (CRC) methods. It was found that at forward scattering angles the elastic scattering data are well described by parameter-free CDCC calculations which include breakup of the deuteron, but at more backward angles virtual effects due to target excitation and neutron-transfer reactions play an important role. The strongest effects are due to the excitation of $$^{11}$$

11

B and the neutron pickup reaction, reflecting their large cross sections. The effects induced by proton-transfer reactions are found to be negligible.
Electroweak superpartner production at 13.6 Tev with Resummino
Authors: Fiaschi Juri , Fuks Benjamin , Klasen Michael , Neuwirth Alexander 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to the greater experimental precision expected from the currently ongoing LHC Run 3, equally accurate theoretical predictions are essential. We update the documentation of the Resummino package, a program dedicated to precision cross section calculations for the production of a pair of sleptons, electroweakinos, and leptons in the presence of extra gauge bosons, and for the production of an associated electroweakino-squark or electroweakino-gluino pair. We detail different additions that have been released since the initial version of the program a decade ago, and then use the code to investigate the impact of threshold resummation corrections at the next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. As an illustration of the code we consider the production of pairs of electroweakinos and sleptons at the LHC for centre-of-mass energies ranging up to 13.6 TeV and in simplified model scenarios. We find slightly increased total cross section values, accompanied by a significant decrease of the associated theoretical uncertainties. Furthermore, we explore the dependence of the results on the squark masses.
Radiological characterization for the disposal of a decommissioned LHC external beam dump at CERN
Authors: Infantino Angelo , Harbron Richard William , Mouret Renaud , Bertreix Philippe , Bernardes Ana-Paula , Bruno Luca , Calviani Marco , Dumont Gerald , El-Idrissi Safouane , Magistris Matteo , Menaa Nabil , Theis Chris , Tromel Christophe , Vincke Heinz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring the last Long Shutdown, a scheduled maintenance period between physics runs, the two Large Hadron Collider (LHC) beam dumps were replaced with upgraded spares modules. It was then decided to conduct an in-house autopsy and a post-irradiation examination of the removed dumps to extract information essential for the 3rd LHC physics run and to aid the design of new generations of beam dumps able to cope with future upgrades of the LHC. The need for a postmortem analysis of the dump cores opened the opportunity to combine the autopsy with processes required for the disposal of the dumps as radioactive waste at a dedicated disposal facility in France. This had a direct impact in terms of overall optimization of the interventions (postmortem analysis and prepackaging) to be performed on the dump as well as in terms of minimizing of the radiological risk (ALARA), by reducing the exposure of the personnel by combining two interventions in one. The characterization of the dump as radioactive waste was performed by means of state-of-the-art Monte Carlo and analytical techniques verified experimentally via a series of dedicated radiochemical (using liquid scintillation) analyses, conducted in-house and in external specialized laboratories. Based on these results, the dumps will be disposed of as intermediate–medium-level (FMA-VC) waste at the ANDRA CSA repository in France.
Conditional Dependency of LP-184 on Prostaglandin Reductase 1 is Synthetic Lethal in Pancreatic Cancers with DNA Damage Repair Deficiencies
Authors: Restifo Diana , McDermott Joseph R. , Cvetkovic Dusica , Dos Santos Troy , Ogier Charline , Surumbayeva Aizhan , Handorf Elizabeth A. , Schimke Caleb , Ma Charlie , Cai Kathy Q. , Olszanski Anthony J. , Kathad Umesh , Bhatia Kishor , Sharma Panna , Kulkarni Aditya , Astsaturov Igor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The greater efficacy of DNA-damaging drugs for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) relies on targeting cancer-specific vulnerabilities while sparing normal organs and tissues due to their inherent toxicities. We tested LP-184, a novel acylfulvene analog, for its activity in preclinical models of PDAC carrying mutations in the DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways.
Cytotoxicity of LP-184 is solely dependent on prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1), so that PTGR1 expression robustly correlates with LP-184 cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Low-passage patient-derived PDAC xenografts with DDR deficiencies treated ex vivo are more sensitive to LP-184 compared with DDR-proficient tumors. Additional in vivo testing of PDAC xenografts for their sensitivity to LP-184 demonstrates marked tumor growth inhibition in models harboring pathogenic mutations in ATR, BRCA1, and BRCA2. Depletion of PTGR1, however, completely abrogates the antitumor effect of LP-184. Testing combinatorial strategies for LP-184 aimed at deregulation of nucleotide excision repair proteins ERCC3 and ERCC4 established synergy.
Our results provide valuable biomarkers for clinical testing of LP-184 in a large subset of genetically defined characterized refractory carcinomas. High PTGR1 expression and deleterious DDR mutations are present in approximately one third of PDAC making these patients ideal candidates for clinical trials of LP-184.
Targeted Investigational Oncology Agents in the NCI-60: A Phenotypic Systems–based Resource
Authors: Morris Joel , Kunkel Mark W. , White Stephen L. , Wishka Donn G. , Lopez Omar D. , Bowles Lori , Sellers Brady Penny , Ramsey Patricia , Grams Julie , Rohrer Tiffany , Martin Karen , Dexheimer Thomas S. , Coussens Nathan P. , Evans David , Risbood Prabhakar , Sonkin Dmitriy , Williams John D. , Polley Eric C. , Collins Jerry M. , Doroshow James H. , Teicher Beverly A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel has proved to be a useful tool for the global cancer research community in the search for novel chemotherapeutics. The publicly available cell line characterization and compound screening data from the NCI-60 assay have significantly contributed to the understanding of cellular mechanisms targeted by new oncology agents. Signature sensitivity/resistance patterns generated for a given chemotherapeutic agent against the NCI-60 panel have long served as fingerprint presentations that encompass target information and the mechanism of action associated with the tested agent. We report the establishment of a new public NCI-60 resource based on the cell line screening of a large and growing set of 175 FDA-approved oncology drugs (AOD) plus &gt;825 clinical and investigational oncology agents (IOA), representing a diverse set (&gt;250) of therapeutic targets and mechanisms. This data resource is available to the public (https://ioa.cancer.gov) and includes the raw data from the screening of the IOA and AOD collection along with an extensive set of visualization and analysis tools to allow for comparative study of individual test compounds and multiple compound sets.
Commentary on: dominance and subordination in the smooth dogfish, Mustelus canis (Allee & Dickenson, 1954)
Authors: Porcher Ila France 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In, 1954, Warder C. Allee and Joshua C. Dickinson decided to establish that “dominance-subordination” hierarchies are present in the Chondrichthyan phylogenetic line. To do so, they confined sixteen fished smooth dogfish (Mustelus canis) in tanks and observed their behaviour. They found neither competition over food, in spite of starving the animals for up to six days at times, nor any clear example of aggression, though it is through aggressive actions that such hierarchies are, by definition, established. They therefore used collision avoidance to support their hypothesis that the sharks had established a rigid size-dependent dominance-subordinate hierarchy, and claimed to have established that such hierarchies are present in Chondrichthyans. However, ethological studies since then have not identified the hierarchies in elasmobranchs that this study claims to be present, but they have found that smaller sharks tend to avoid colliding with larger individuals, which is the simplest explanation for their observations.