bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Brief History of Evaluations Performed on the Operational Kings River Winter Orographic Cloud Seeding Program
Authors: Griffith Don A. , Yorty David P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract: An operational winter orographic cloud seeding program has been conducted in the Kings River Drainage located in the southern Sierra Nevada Mountains of California most winter seasons since water year 1955. Both ground based and airborne seeding modes have been used to disperse silver iodide into naturally occurring winter storms. Several evaluations have been performed to estimate the effectiveness of this seeding program. These evaluations have considered different seeded time periods dependent upon when the evaluation work was published. Since the program has not been randomized, these evaluations have all been based upon the historical target/control technique. Most of these evaluations have used annual streamflow as the response variable. One recent analysis was based upon April 1st snow water content. Control sites were selected from the Yosemite National Park region, an unseeded area, and southern Sierra Nevada sites located south of the Kings River Drainage. Linear regression equations were developed relating the control and target areas annual streamflow values during historical periods without any seeding. High correlations were obtained with r2 values ranging from 0.90 to 0.98. Both linear and multi-linear equations were developed for April 1st snow water contents. High correlations were obtained with r2 values ranging from 0.91 to 0.93. When these equations were used to predict the amount of natural streamflow or snow water contents during seeded years and then compared to the observed values during the seeded years, the average estimated increases in annual streamflow ranged from +3.3 to +6.1%. Similarly, the estimated increases in April 1st snow water content ranged from +4.9% (linear regression) to +5.7% (multi-linear regression).
Forecast Model Activities for North Dakota Cloud Modification Project
Authors: Mullendore Gretchen Louise , Starzec Mariusz 
Published: January 2023

An overview of regional forecast simulations in support of North Dakota Cloud Modification Project (NDCMP) operations is presented. Simulations are run twice daily during the summer season by University of North Dakota. Object-based verification of observed and simulated radar reflectivity is conducted during the off-season. Verification of seasonal performance allows modifications to forecast simulations focused on improving operations for the North Dakota region. NDCMP simulated forecasts are found to biased towards too many convective objects and convection that is too intense and too large. Case studies showed that a change in microphysical scheme and adjustments to cloud droplet concentration lessened the biases.
Una Nueva Especie de Caecum Fleming, 1813 para Isla de Pascua, Chile (Mollusca: Caecidae)
Authors: Gálvez Herrera Óscar , Huidobro Marín Carmen 
Published: January 2023

Se describe una nueva especie de la familia Caecidae, Caecum codoceoae sp. nov. para las costas de Isla de Pascua. La descripción se basa en un ejemplar encontrado en una muestra recolectada en Motu O’Oki, Isla de Pascua, y depositada en el Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile.
Con la adición de esta nueva entidad taxonómica que se propone, ocho serán las especies de la familia Caecidae descritas para la Isla de Pascua, confirmando el alto grado de endemismo de esta familia en la región zoogeográfica Rapanui, propuesta por Schilder (1965).
Aporte al Conocimiento de los Stigmoderini de la Patagonia Argentina, con descripción de tres Especies Nuevas (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)
Authors: Moore Tomás , Diéguez Víctor Manuel 
Published: January 2023

Se describe Bilyesta bryngwynensis nov. sp. y se da a conocer el macho de Bilyesta dactilozoides (Bellamy). Se transfiere el género Bilyesta Bellamy, 1999 desde la tribu Polycestini (Polycestinae) a la tribu Stigmoderini (Buprestinae). Se presenta un cuadro de caracteres diferenciales para las subfamilias Polycestinae y Buprestinae. Se describen dos especies nuevas para el género Lasionota Mannerheim, 1837: Lasionota (Lasionota) rojaslanusi nov. sp. y Lasionota (Nelsonozodes) minima nov. sp. Se entregan fotografías de los adultos y de las genitalias masculina y femenina de cada una de las nuevas especies.
Anfípodos exóticos del género Stenothoe Dana, 1852 (Amphipoda: Amphilochidea: Stenothoidae) en el Fouling de Chile
Authors: Pérez-Schultheiss Jorge , Ibarra Daniela 
Published: January 2023

Se documenta por primera vez para Chile, la presencia de dos especies exóticas del género Stenothoe Dana, 1852. Anteriormente, el género estaba representado por las endémicas S. magellanica Rauschert, 1998 y S. boloceropsis Krapp-Schickel et al., 2015, a las que aquí se agregan Stenothoe georgiana Bynum y Fox, 1977, para las regiones de Atacama y Los Lagos, y Stenothoe valida Dana, 1852, conocida sólo de la región de Los Lagos. Ambos anfípodos son componentes de comunidades fouling, y han sido encontrados cohabitando en asociación con hidrozoos y otros anfípodos exóticos. Se entregan diagnosis y figuras de ambas especies y se incluyen claves para el reconocimiento de los géneros de Stenothoidae y las especies de Stenothoe presentes en Chile.
Presencia de Rhinoderma darwinii (Duméril y Bibron, 1841) en alrededores de Santuario El Cañi, Región de la Araucanía
Authors: Novoa Fernando J. , Jaillard Hélène , Aspillaga Paula 
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo documenta el hallazgo de un ejemplar de Rhinoderma darwinii (Duméril y Bibron, 1841) en alrededores del Santuario El Cañi (Región de la Araucanía, Chile). Estableciendo un nuevo registro para la región en una localidad no indicada a la fecha. Esta información es importante debido a que este anfibio se encuentra actualmente en peligro y con una disminución de la población. Además, los individuos de esta especie presentan una alta fidelidad al sitio donde habitan. Lo anterior es relevante para fundamentar medidas de conservación, considerando que actualmente solo hay dos poblaciones presentes en la región y el hallazgo del individuo se produjo en un área perturbada por las actividades humanas en los límites de un área protegida.
Taxonomía e historia de los trilobites (Arthropoda: Arachnomorpha) del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago
Authors: Pérez Romero Félix , Pérez-Barría Leonardo 
Published: January 2023

Se describen por primera vez las colecciones de trilobites del MNHN (105 especímenes). Los órdenes Phacopida, Redlichiida, Asaphida y Proetida son reconocidos, con un total de veinte especies y siete familias. A partir de las identificaciones y etiquetas se propone una edad y posible procedencia geográfica. La mayoría de los especímenes pudieron haber sido recolectadas en el Devónico boliviano con representantes endémicos del "Dominio Malvinocáfrico" [Metacryphaeus rotundatus?, Eldredgeia eocryphaea, Wolfartaspis cornutus, Wolfartaspis liebermani, Plesiomalvinella boulei, Malvinella buddeae, Vogesina lacunafera, Pennaia verneuili, Paciphacops (Viaphacops) orurensis, Schizostylus (Schizostylus) cf. brevicaudatus, Paciphacops (Paciphacops) aff. waisfeldae, Vogesina cf. aspera]. Los restantes ejemplares provendrían del Devónico de Alemania [Gerastos cuvieri], del Ordovícico y Silúrico de República Checa [Dalmanitina cf. socialis y Pseudocheirurus beyrichi respectivamente], del Cámbrico-Ordovícico de Inglaterra [Pseudoasaphus? sp.] y posiblemente del Ordovícico de Baltoscandia en el noroeste europeo [Asaphus? sp.]. Ejemplares cámbricos [Ellipsocephallus hoffi? y Paradoxides gracilis] resultan ser los fósiles más antiguos depositados en la institución. A través de etiquetas originales la colección es rastreada hasta la época de R.A. Philippi, en el siglo XIX. Este trabajo es una contribución a la museología chilena como también a la investigación científica y patrimonial.
Ampliación del rango de distribución de Sunamphitoe lessoniophila (Conlan y Bousfield, 1982) (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Ampithoidae) en la costa de Chile
Authors: Pérez-Schultheiss Jorge 
Published: January 2023

El anfípodo Ampithoido Sunamphitoe lessoniophila (Conlan y Bousfield, 1982) es registrado por primera vez luego de su descripción original, extendiendo su distribución desde la localidad tipo cerca de Coquimbo, hasta la Región de Los Lagos, sur de Chile. Se confirma su asociación con las macroalgas Lessonia trabeculata y Macrocystis pyrifera.
Studi Eksperimental Subtitusi Pasir Besi Terhadap Nilai Kuat Tekan Beton
Authors: Agus Irzal , Midu Marlina 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besar kuat tekan beton dengan penambahan 0%, 5%, 10% dan 15% pasir besi sebagai bahan campuran dalam pembuatan beton. Dalam penelitian ini pencampuran beton dilakukan dengan empat komposisi yaitu masing-masing dengan variasi penambahan 0%, 5%, 10% dan 15%. Pengujian dilakukan pada umur perawatan 3, 7 dan 28 hari, dengan dimensi benda uji 15 cm x 30 cm. setiap komposisi dibuat 9 benda uji dengan jumlah keseluruhan 36 benda uji. Hasil pengujian kuat tekan beton yang dihasilkan mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan meningkatnya komposisi pasir besi yang ditambahkan pada campuran beton. Kuat tekan beton normal (0%) pada umur 3 hari adalah 97,2 Kg/cm2, umur 7 hari adalah 126,4 Kg/cm2 dan 28 hari adalah 145,3 Kg/cm2, Kuat tekan beton dengan penambahan pasir besi (5%) pada umur 3 hari adalah 100 Kg/cm2, umur 7 hari adalah 134,9 Kg/cm2 dan 28 hari adalah 158,5 Kg/cm2, Kuat tekan beton dengan penambahan pasir besi (10%) pada umur 3 hari adalah 104,7 Kg/cm2, umur 7 hari adalah 144,4 Kg/cm2 dan 28 hari adalah 166,1 Kg/cm2 dan Kuat tekan beton dengan penambahan pasir besi (15%) pada umur 3 hari adalah 124,6 Kg/cm2, umur 7 hari adalah 164,2 Kg/cm2 dan 28 hari adalah 205,7 Kg/cm2.
Perencanaan Jalan Dengan Menggunakan Software Autodesk Land Dekstop 2006 (Studi Kasus Pada Ruas Jalan Seri – Hukurila 3 Km Sta.00+000 – Sta.03+000 Kecamatan Nusanive Kota Ambon)
Authors: Bitu Laswar Gombilo , Hasrun Hasrun 
Published: January 2023

Pembangunan jalan ruas Seri – Hukurila merupakan jalan yang baru direncanakan dengan kondisi kontur tanahnya berbukit dan curam sehingga direncanakan dengan tujuan untuk dapat memberikan kenyamanan dan keselamatan pengguna jalan dari kelandaian yang terlalu tingggi dan tikungan tajam. Program Autodeks Land Desktop 2006 digunakan sebagai program untuk membantu membuat trase jalan dan untuk menggambar potongan memanjang (long section) dan melintang (cross section) pada ruas jalan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, panjang ruas jalan yang di teliti yaitu 3 Km. Lebar perkerasan adalah 5.50 meter dan lebar bahu jalan masing – masing 1 meter. Kecepatan rencana maksimum pada tikungan adalah 50 km/jam, dan kecepatan rencana minimum pada tikungan adalah 20Km/jam. Jari-jari lengkung rencana maksimum 300 meter dan minimum 20 meter. Kelandaian maksimum potongan memanjang jalan yaitu 9.923%. Volume galian yang di hitung manual = 43605.590 m3, timbunan = 37229.794 m3. Volume galian yang di hitung dengan program Autodeks Land Desktop 2006 = 41628.498 m3, timbunan = 34882.155 m3. Selisih dari ke dua perhitungan tersebut yaitu untuk galian = 1977.093 m3 dan untuk timbunan = 2347.639 m3, dengan perbandingan persentasi galian = 4.749 % dan timbunan 6.370 %.
Manajemen Lalu Lintas Di Central Bussiness District (CBD) Wonomulyo
Authors: Reski Rona 
Published: January 2023

Salah satu masalah yang paling sering dijumpai dalam manajemen lalu lintas adalah tingkat kemacetan yang tinggi dalam daerah perdagangan yang ada di pusat kota. Masalah ini muncul karena adanya konflik antara arus kendaraan dengan kegiatan-kegiatan lainnya. Seperti yang terlihat di CBD Wonomulyo pada ruas jalan R.Soeparman, jalan Padi Unggul I dan jalan Padi Unggul II. Kemacetan lalu lintas yang terjadi tiap hari pasar (rabu dan minggu) dipengaruhi oleh hambatan samping antara lain : pedagang kaki lima (PKL), arus lalu lintas kendaraan bermotor, parkir kendaraan tidak teratur dan bongkar muat barang. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen lalu lintas di CBD kota Wonomulyo pada ruas jalan tersebut. Hasil analisis hambatan samping (SF) menyatakan bahwa frekuensi terbobot pada kelas hambatan samping tergolong sedang. Sejauh ini yang bisa dilakukan dalam mengatasi kemacetan di CBD kota Wonomulyo adalah dengan relokasi pedagang kaki lima (PKL) ke pasar Wonomulyo (pasar induk dan pasar hewan), meningkatkan disiplin para pengguna jalan (sopir angkutan umum penumpang, bongkar muat barang, parkir kendaraan bermotor dan tidak bermotor).
Pemanfaatan Gulma Berdaun Lebar sebagai Bahan Baku Kompos Pelet dan Kompos Curah dengan Durasi Pengomposan yang Berbeda
Authors: Dhairobi Ahmad , Sakiah Sakiah , Guntoro Guntoro 
Published: January 2023

Gulma merupakan tumbuhan yang hadirnya tidak dikehendaki, sifatnya mengganggu dan merugikan tanaman utama. Melalui perlakuan tertentu, gulma dapat diolah menjadi pupuk organik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu kompos curah dan kompos pelet dari gulma berdaun lebar dengan penambahan limbah pabrik kelapa sawit dengan durasi pengomposan yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Faktor 1 yaitu durasi waktu pengomposan (5 minggu dan 10 minggu), faktor 2 yaitu pemberian limbah pabrik kelapa sawit terdiri atas 4 taraf (tanpa pemberian limbah pabrik kelapa sawit; LCPKS 50 ml + solid decanter 50 gr; LCPKS 50 ml + solid decanter 75 gr; LCPKS 50 ml + solid decanter 100 gr) dengan masing-masing 4 replikasi. Kompos yang dihasilkan diuji kadar C-organik, rasio C/N, N, P, K, Fe,Mn dan Zn. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, jika F hitung > F tabel dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil. Rataan hasil pengamatan dibandingkan juga dengan Standar Mutu Pupuk Organik berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No 70 Tahun 2011. Dari penelitian ini dihasilkan kompos curah dan pelet yang memenuhi standar C-organik, kadar hara N+P2O5+K2O, namun hanya kompos curah A dan kompos pelet E yang memenuhi standar rasio C/N berdasarkan Permentan no 70 tahun 2011. Mutu kompos terbaik yaitu kompos curah A dengan karakteristik C-organik 45,52%, rasio C/N 23,26, kadar hara N+P2O5+K2O 11,24%. Untuk memperoleh mutu kompos gulma berdaun lebar yang memenuhi standar mutu, durasi pengomposan disarankan berkisar 10 minggu.
CHILDREN'S URDU LITERATURE
Authors: Dr Mubashar Saeed  , Sadia Irshad  
Published: January 2023

One of the major fields of literature and journalism is Children's Literature. In the 19th century, the tradition of the publication of magazines in Urdu journalism became very strong, but the first regular magazines for children began in the early twentieth centure. “Bachon Ka Akhbar” of Munshi Mehboob Alam is regarded as the first children magazine published in May 1902. So far more than 300 such magazines have been launched till now. The Role of Government in this regard also praiseworthy. In the last half of Twentieth Century Government of Pakistan translate many booklets from English Literature to Urdu Literature for Children. It made the history of children literature.
The Effect of Parental Involvement in the Education of Children with Dyslexia in the Wum Municipality Cameroon
Authors: Faizefu Ambei Ruhama 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The goals of this study were to determine the effects of home facilities on children's education with dyslexia, as well as to investigate the extent to which the scope and contents of geography influence students' attitudes toward volunteerism in children with dyslexia.
Methodology: The study used a descriptive survey research design and four research questions to guide the literature review. A 40-item close ended questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 20 children and parents from three primary schools in the Wum municipality using the simple random sampling technique.
Findings: According to the findings, 74.5% of parents strongly agreed and agreed that home facilities has a positive effect on children with dyslexia and 25.5% of disagreed. About 70.5% of parents strongly agreed and agreed that parents volunteerism influence the education of children with dyslexia and 29.5% of parents disagreed parental volunteerism has no influence on the education of children with dyslexia. About 54.5% of parents strongly agreed that their decision making have an impact on the education of children with dyslexia and 45.5% strongly disagreed and disagree saying that decision making have no impact on the education of children. A total of 60.5% of children strongly agreed and agreed that home facilities has a positive effect on children with dyslexia and 39.5% of disagreed to the established items under this research question. About 74% of children strongly agreed and agreed that parents volunteerism influence the education of children with dyslexia as can be seen above and 26% of children disagreed parental volunteerism has no influence on the education of children with dyslexia. A total of 61% of pupils strongly agreed that decision making has an effects on the education of children with dyslexia and also 31% of pupils strongly disagreed that decision making does not has an effects on the education of children with dyslexia.
Conclusion: Thus from the average percentage score on this research question it clear that respondents overwhelmingly accepted the fact that teachers skills has a positive influence on their academic performance.
Recommendations: The study recommended that schools develop and maintain allies between schools and communities for better children's performances with dyslexia. Schools should devise models of supervising and ensuring parental involvement in school activities and schooling for their children. The study also recommend schools to develop monitoring and evaluation measures to access performance, progress, outcome, and impact of engagement strategies.
Impact of STEM's in the Secondary School Teaching Process
Authors: Muhammad Ibrahim  , Dr. Makhdoom Ali Syed  
Published: January 2023

In current modern era, the effectiveness of STEM education in the teaching and learning processes of teachers and students has a large area. Pakistan is in the early phases of incorporating STEM education into the teaching and learning process in developing countries around the world. The goal of this study was to talk about STEM education and the components that go into teaching and learning in general. This research was descriptive in nature, and quantitative data analysis were used. STEM integrated teaching and learning process development and advancement at the secondary school level. The populations of the study were all the teachers of secondary schools in three district of Baluchistan. Two hundred (200) secondary school teachers were randomly selected as a sample. The information was collected from secondary school teachers through a self-developed questionnaire. The researcher visited personally and given instructions to the teachers about filling of the questionnaire. SPSS tool was used to measure the frequency and percentage of analyzed data. The result of the study shows that there is a strong need for teachers to integrate the effectiveness of STEM and the classroom environment. The study found that education stakeholders should make it easier for teachers to make the most of STEM integrated training with the necessary resources and support teachers through training. The research may suggest that the Ministry of Education allocate funds to education department for the development and advancement of STEM integrated teaching learning process at secondary school level.
An Evaluative study to determine the role of Computer Education in selected Private Secondary Schools in District South of Karachi
Authors: Shameem Khursheed  
Published: January 2023

The study evaluated the current Role of computer education in selected private secondary schools of Karachi and recommended suggestions to enhance the quality & role of computer education in private secondary schools of Karachi. The sample of the study contains feedback of 30 computer teachers and 120 students of selected private secondary schools in Karachi. The selected teachers and students were required to fill the given questionnaire that focused on their current knowledge about computers. The collected data was analyzed by using the percentage and mean method. It has been observed that even though the physical and teaching facilities are not up to the mark in schools yet students have taken a keen interest to gain computer education. This research also revealed that the space in computer laboratories is very limited and insufficient to accommodate the strength of the class. Hence, providing little or no scope for all students to avail this facility. It has been noted that there is a lack of qualified computer personnel which is why computer education has been found to be backward in many schools. Our findings put forward the following matters of concern: 78% students are not interested in theoretical computer education. We believe that computer, as a subject should be made part of the primary curriculum so as to providing exposure from a very young age to students. We also strongly recommend the establishment and set up of a fully furnished and fully-equipped computer laboratory with trained computer professionals and I.T department set up to maintain and update the system. The implementation of the recommendations stated would highly benefit students, teachers, as well as the education system overall hence contributing towards the future of education.
A more reliable species richness estimator based on the Gamma–Poisson model
Authors: Chiu Chun-Huo 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAccurately estimating the true richness of a target community is still a statistical challenge, particularly in highly diverse communities. Due to sampling limitations or limited resources, undetected species are present in many surveys and observed richness is an underestimate of true richness. In the literature, methods for estimating the undetected richness of a sample are generally divided into two categories: parametric and nonparametric estimators. Imposing no assumptions on species detection rates, nonparametric methods demonstrate robust statistical performance and are widely used in ecological studies. However, nonparametric estimators may seriously underestimate richness when species composition has a high degree of heterogeneity. Parametric approaches, which reduce the number of parameters by assuming that species-specific detection probabilities follow a given statistical distribution, use traditional statistical inference to calculate species richness estimates. When species detection rates meet the model assumption, the parametric approach could supply a nearly unbiased estimator. However, the infeasibility and inefficiency of solving maximum likelihood functions limit the application of parametric methods in ecological studies when the model assumption is violated, or the collected data is sparse.MethodTo overcome these estimating challenges associated with parametric methods, an estimator employing the moment estimation method instead of the maximum likelihood estimation method is proposed to estimate parameters based on a Gamma-Poisson mixture model. Drawing on the concept of the Good-Turing frequency formula, the proposed estimator only uses the number of singletons, doubletons, and tripletons in a sample for undetected richness estimation.ResultsThe statistical behavior of the new estimator was evaluated by using real and simulated data sets from various species abundance models. Simulation results indicated that the new estimator reduces the bias presented in traditional nonparametric estimators, presents more robust statistical behavior compared to other parametric estimators, and provides confidence intervals with better coverage among the discussed estimators, especially in assemblages with high species composition heterogeneity.