bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Increased Maladaptive Health Behaviours and Elevated Mental Health Symptoms Among Persons with IBD During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dolovich Casandra L , Shaffer Seth R , Graff Lesley A , Singh Harminder , El-Gabalawy Renée , Shaw Souradet , Bernstein Charles N 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aim
To assess the association between maladaptive health behaviours and elevated mental health (MH) symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among persons with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods
Participants of the population-based University of Manitoba IBD Research Registry (n = 2,942) were invited to participate in a survey in November 2020, regarding their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Maladaptive health behaviours included increased use of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarettes, and reduced exercise relative to pre-pandemic levels. Clinically significant MH symptoms were defined by the presence of elevated anxiety, depression, and/or post-traumatic stress. Adjusted logistic regression assessed the odds of elevated MH symptoms predicted by maladaptive health behaviours, stratified by gender.

Results
Of 1,363 (46%) respondents, 319 (23%) had elevated MH symptoms. Those with elevated MH symptoms were older (mean age 54) and predominantly females (70%). The odds of any elevated MH symptoms were approximately two to four times greater among those who experienced maladaptive health behaviours during the pandemic including: increased alcohol use [aOR 2.14, 95% CI (1.50–3.05)], males who increased marijuana use [aOR 4.18, 95% CI (1.18–14.74)], females who increased smoking cigarettes [aOR 3.68 95% CI (1.15–11.86)] and any maladaptive health behaviour [aOR 1.93 95% CI (1.44–2.60)].

Conclusion
During the COVID-19 pandemic, persons with IBD who experienced any maladaptive health behaviour was associated with double the likelihood of experiencing clinically significant MH symptoms. For persons with elevated MH symptoms, it is important for health care providers to recognize the association of increased maladaptive behaviours. Alternatively, if it is determined that MH symptoms predated maladaptive health behaviours then, inquiries into MH and providing appropriate referrals should be pursued.
Institutional work: how lenders transform land titles into collateral in urban Tanzania
Authors: Manara Martina , Pani Erica 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We examine the ‘institutional configuration’ that makes land titles work as collateral in Tanzania’s nascent credit market, through the ‘institutional work’ of local lenders. This work is effective and precarious: while lenders seek out and create institutional complementarities across diverse domains, they also require higher-level regulation to help stabilise land titles’ fungibility as collateral. Our results contribute to knowledge on path-dependency, contingency and uneven trajectories in the property-credit nexus development, and advance understandings of institutional interdependencies and coevolution in the situated economy. By combining deep contextualisation and institutional analysis, we progress an empirical engagement with institutional research in economic geography.
Transmission electron microscopy study on the phase transformation of metastable precipitates to stable phases
Authors: Trang T T T , Heo Yoon-Uk 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nanosized precipitates play a critical role in increasing the strength of metallic alloys. There are many reports that the initial precipitates are metastable phases holding a different composition and crystal structure from the equilibrium precipitate. The metastable precipitate transforms to its stable phase during heat treatment. A transmission electron microscope enables researchers to study the phase transition of metastable precipitates to stable phases due to its fine resolution in identifying crystal structures and chemical compositions. This review introduces the various phase transformation mechanisms of metastable precipitates to stable phases obtained from the analysis using a transmission electron microscope. The role of dislocation movement in the phase transition is further discussed.
A fast asynchronous Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler for sparse Bayesian inference
Authors: Atchadé Yves , Wang Liwei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We propose a very fast approximate Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling framework that is applicable to a large class of sparse Bayesian inference problems. The computational cost per iteration in several regression models is of order O(n(s+J)), where n is the sample size, s is the underlying sparsity of the model, and J is the size of a randomly selected subset of regressors. This cost can be further reduced by data sub-sampling when stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics are employed. The algorithm is an extension of the asynchronous Gibbs sampler of Johnson et al. [(2013). Analyzing Hogwild parallel Gaussian Gibbs sampling. In Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS’13) (Vol. 2, pp. 2715–2723)], but can be viewed from a statistical perspective as a form of Bayesian iterated sure independent screening [Fan, J., Samworth, R., & Wu, Y. (2009). Ultrahigh dimensional feature selection: Beyond the linear model. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 10, 2013–2038]. We show that in high-dimensional linear regression problems, the Markov chain generated by the proposed algorithm admits an invariant distribution that recovers correctly the main signal with high probability under some statistical assumptions. Furthermore, we show that its mixing time is at most linear in the number of regressors. We illustrate the algorithm with several models.
Femaleness for improving grain yield potential and hybrid production in barley
Authors: Huang Yongyu , Schnurbusch Thorsten 
Published: September 2023

This article comments on:Selva C, Yang X, Shirley NJ, Whitford R, Baumann U, Tucker MR. 2023. HvSL1 and HvMADS16 promote stamen identity to restrict multiple ovary formation in barley. Journal of Experimental Botany 74, 5039–5057.
Establishment of the Clinician-Scientist Investigator Opportunity Network to Develop Military Medical Research Leaders
Authors: Maddry Joseph K , Mallory Amber , Araña Allyson A , Morris Michael J , Clemons Melissa Ann R , Burdette Alexander J , True Mark W , Niemeyer Debra , Weitzel Erik K 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The ability of military clinicians to conduct military medical research is often limited because of competing priorities and a lack of research mentorship. The Clinician-Scientist Investigator Opportunity Network (CSION) was developed with the intent of training clinicians how to engage in requirements-driven research within the DoD.

Materials and Methods
Three to five academic medical faculties were selected from a pool of applicants each year to participate in a 2-year research fellowship. To be eligible for the CSION program, applicants had to meet the following criteria: (1) Completed residency graduate medical education training, (2) not be currently enrolled as a graduate medical education trainee, and (3) obtained permission from their department leadership to focus 25% of their duty hours on CSION participation to include didactic and research efforts. The remaining 75% of fellows’ time was dedicated to clinical duties. Monthly didactics, intensive mentorship, and consistent support were offered to each fellow by the CSION leadership team. Metrics were recorded to include both research and clinical productivity.

Results
Between January 2019 and December 2022, 12 CSION fellows graduated from the program (four in the class of 2020, three in 2021, and five in 2022). From 2019 to 2021, the 12 CSION fellows initiated 204 research protocols, generated 489 publications/presentations, and secured 33 research grants. All graduates of the program remain active in clinical research with multiple graduates currently assigned to research positions.

Conclusions
The CSION research education program is a 2-year additional duty research fellowship producing clinician-scientists conducting military-relevant medical research and publications and may be considered a low-cost/highly efficient alternative to achieve the reported benefits of the MD–PhD tract. The expansion of the CSION program may improve the quality of military medical research and health care.
Polarized microwave emission from space particles in the upper atmosphere of the Earth
Authors: López-Viejobueno Jennifer , Beitia-Antero Leire , Gómez de Castro Ana I 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Tons of space particles enter the Earth atmosphere every year, being detected when they produce fireballs, meteor showers, or when they impact the Earth surface. Particle detection in the showers could also be attempted from space using satellites in low Earth orbit. Measuring the polarization would provide extra crucial information on the dominant alignment mechanisms and the properties of the meteor families. In this article, we evaluate the expected signal to aid in the design of space probes for this purpose. We have used the radmc-3d code to simulate the polarized microwave emission of aligned dust particles with different compositions: silicates, carbonates, and irons. We have assumed a constant spatial particle density distribution of 0.22 cm−3, based on particle density measurements carried during meteor showers. Four different grain size distributions with power indices ranging from −3.5 to −2.0 and dust particles with radius ranging from 0.01 $\mathrm{\mu }$m to 1 cm have been considered for the simulations. Silicates and carbonates align their minor axis with the direction of the solar radiation field; during the flight time into the Earth atmosphere, iron grains get oriented with the Earth’s magnetic field depending on their size. Alignment direction is reflected in the Q-Stokes parameter and in the polarization variation along the orbit. Polarization depends on the composition and on the size distribution of the particles. The simulations show that some specific particle populations might be detectable even with a small probe equipped with high-sensitivity, photon-counting microwave detectors operating in low Earth orbit.
Determination of dynamical ages of open clusters through the A+ parameter – II
Authors: Rao Khushboo K , Vaidya Kaushar , Agarwal Manan , Balan Shanmugha , Bhattacharya Souradeep 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Blue straggler stars (BSS), one of the most massive members of star clusters, have been used for over a decade to investigate mass segregation and estimate the dynamical ages of globular clusters (GCs) and open clusters (OCs). This work is an extension of our previous study, in which we investigated a correlation between theoretically estimated dynamical ages and the observed $A^+_{\mathrm{rh}}$ values, which represent the sedimentation level of BSS with respect to the reference population. Here, we use the ML-MOC algorithm on Gaia EDR3 data to extend this analysis to 23 OCs. Using cluster properties and identified members, we estimate their dynamical and physical parameters. In order to estimate the $A^+_{\mathrm{rh}}$ values, we use the main sequence and main sequence turnoff stars as the reference population. OCs are observed to exhibit a wide range of degrees of dynamical evolution, ranging from dynamically young to late stages of intermediate dynamical age. Hence, we classify OCs into three distinct dynamical stages based on their relationship to $A^+_{\mathrm{rh}}$ and Nrelax. NGC 2682 and King 2 are discovered to be the most evolved OCs, like Family III GCs, while Berkeley 18 is the least evolved OC. Melotte 66 and Berkeley 31 are peculiar OCs because none of their dynamical and physical parameters correlate with their BSS segregation levels.
Asteroseismological analysis of the polluted ZZ Ceti star G 29 − 38 with TESS
Authors: Uzundag Murat , De Gerónimo Francisco C , Córsico Alejandro H , Silvotti Roberto , Bradley Paul A , Montgomery Michael H , Catelan Márcio , Toloza Odette , Bell Keaton J , Kepler S O , Althaus Leandro G , Kleinman Scot J , Kilic Mukremin , Mullally Susan E , Gänsicke Boris T , Bąkowska Karolina , Barber Sam , Nitta Atsuko 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
G 29 − 38 (TIC 422526868) is one of the brightest (V = 13.1) and closest (d = 17.51 pc) pulsating white dwarfs with a hydrogen-rich atmosphere (DAV/ZZ Ceti class). It was observed by the TESS spacecraft in sectors 42 and 56. The atmosphere of G 29 − 38 is polluted by heavy elements that are expected to sink out of visible layers on short time-scales. The photometric TESS data set spans ∼51 d in total, and from this, we identified 56 significant pulsation frequencies, that include rotational frequency multiplets. In addition, we identified 30 combination frequencies in each sector. The oscillation frequencies that we found are associated with g-mode pulsations, with periods spanning from ∼ 260 to ∼ 1400 s. We identified rotational frequency triplets with a mean separation δνℓ = 1 of 4.67 μHz and a quintuplet with a mean separation δνℓ = 2 of 6.67 μHz, from which we estimated a rotation period of about 1.35 ± 0.1 d. We determined a constant period spacing of 41.20 s for ℓ = 1 modes and 22.58 s for ℓ = 2 modes. We performed period-to-period fit analyses and found an asteroseismological model with M⋆/M⊙ = 0.632 ± 0.03, $T_{\rm eff}=11\, 635\pm 178$ K, and log g = 8.048 ± 0.005 (with a hydrogen envelope mass of MH ∼ 5.6 × 10−5M⋆), in good agreement with the values derived from spectroscopy. We obtained an asteroseismic distance of 17.54 pc, which is in excellent agreement with that provided by Gaia (17.51 pc).
Nitrogen addition delays the emergence of an aridity-induced threshold for plant biomass
Authors: Li Hailing , Terrer César , Berdugo Miguel , Maestre Fernando T , Zhu Zaichun , Peñuelas Josep , Yu Kailiang , Luo Lin , Gong Jie-Yu , Ye Jian-Sheng 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Crossing certain aridity thresholds in global drylands can lead to abrupt decays of ecosystem attributes such as plant productivity, potentially causing land degradation and desertification. It is largely unknown, however, whether these thresholds can be altered by other key global change drivers known to affect the water-use efficiency and productivity of vegetation, such as elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N). Using &gt;5000 empirical measurements of plant biomass, we showed that crossing an aridity (1–precipitation/potential evapotranspiration) threshold of ∼0.50, which marks the transition from dry sub-humid to semi-arid climates, led to abrupt declines in aboveground biomass (AGB) and progressive increases in root:shoot ratios, thus importantly affecting carbon stocks and their distribution. N addition significantly increased AGB and delayed the emergence of its aridity threshold from 0.49 to 0.55 (P &lt; 0.05). By coupling remote sensing estimates of leaf area index with simulations from multiple models, we found that CO2 enrichment did not alter the observed aridity threshold. By 2100, and under the RCP 8.5 scenario, we forecast a 0.3% net increase in the global land area exceeding the aridity threshold detected under a scenario that includes N deposition, in comparison to a 2.9% net increase if the N effect is not considered. Our study thus indicates that N addition could mitigate to a great extent the negative impact of increasing aridity on plant biomass in drylands. These findings are critical for improving forecasts of abrupt vegetation changes in response to ongoing global environmental change.
Plastid Inheritance Revisited: Emerging Role of Organelle DNA Degradation in Angiosperms
Authors: Sakamoto Wataru , Takami Tsuneaki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Plastids are essential organelles in angiosperms and show non-Mendelian inheritance due to their evolution as endosymbionts. In approximately 80% of angiosperms, plastids are thought to be inherited from the maternal parent, whereas other species transmit plastids biparentally. Maternal inheritance can be generally explained by the stochastic segregation of maternal plastids after fertilization because the zygote is overwhelmed by the maternal cytoplasm. In contrast, biparental inheritance shows the transmission of organelles from both parents. In some species, maternal inheritance is not absolute and paternal leakage occurs at a very low frequency (∼10−5). A key process controlling the inheritance mode lies in the behavior of plastids during male gametophyte (pollen) development, with accumulating evidence indicating that the plastids themselves or their DNAs are eliminated during pollen maturation or at fertilization. Cytological observations in numerous angiosperm species have revealed several critical steps that mutually influence the degree of plastid transmission quantitatively among different species. This review revisits plastid inheritance from a mechanistic viewpoint. Particularly, we focus on a recent finding demonstrating that both low temperature and plastid DNA degradation mediated by the organelle exonuclease DEFECTIVE IN POLLEN ORGANELLE DNA DEGRADATION1 (DPD1) influence the degree of paternal leakage significantly in tobacco. Given these findings, we also highlight the emerging role of DPD1 in organelle DNA degradation.
Brazil: cross-border marital agreements
Authors: Sanches Humberto , Pacheco Danilovic Adriane 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article aims at providing an overview of cross border marriages from a Brazilian law perspective. Topics such as (i) marriages under Brazilian law, (ii) rights of spouses and partners, (iii) scope and enforceability of prenuptial agreements and civil law marriage agreements, (iv) trusts and business interests, (v) family dynamics, (vi) taxes and (vii) take away tips, are addressed from a practical standpoint to navigate readers through this sensitive matter.
Love has no boundaries is an expression shifted to a whole new level in today’s world. Transportation between countries and continents ceased to be a concern a long-time ago, and the Internet and social media are bringing people closer and closer in absolute disregard of their place of residency. Cross-border marriages are one of the natural side effects of this reality. And if happily ever after is not for everyone, cross-border divorces are side effects as well. In this sense, this article examines marriages from a Brazilian law perspective, including topics involving the rights of spouses and partners under Brazilian law and prenuptial agreements and civil law marriage agreements.
Diagnostic accuracy of carboxyhemoglobin saturation with pulse CO-oximetry in patients with carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: Babacan Arzu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
Carboxyhemoglobin saturation (SpCO)with pulse CO-oximetry is an alternative method in CO poisoning; however, the correlation of it with blood carboxyhemoglobin level (COHb) is still debated.The study aimed to evaluate the correlation between SpCO and venous COHb level and factors associated with the diagnostic accuracy of SpCO.

Material and methods
SpCO and venous COHb levels of patients with CO poisoning, according to a COHb level was 3%, were evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, 95% CI (confidence interval), and the cut-off value of SpCO were calculated using ROC analysis at a 10% threshold for COHb. Agreement levels were calculated with Bland-Altman analysis. Risk factors affecting diagnostic accuracy were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.

Results
If the 10% threshold of COHb was accepted as the diagnostic threshold for CO poisoning, the sensitivity and specificity of SpCO were 98.4% and 100% (95% CI: 0.996-1.000) at the 6.85 cut-off point of SpCO. The scatter plot of COHb and SpCO showed a strong positive relationship at values of presentation and discharge (r = .979, p&lt;0.001; r = .969, p&lt;0.001). With a bias of 3.1% for the mean difference between-COHb and SpCO, the limits of agreement from Bland- Altman analysis were −0.7 to 7.1. For the 10% threshold, age and male gender have significantly increased false negativity rates (B = .074, p = 0.010, and B = 0.252, p = 0.011, respectively).

Conclusion
SpCO is a reliable method with high sensitivity and specificity; therefore, a lower cut-off points of SpCO compared to COHb level may be accepted to diagnose and follow-up CO poisoning.
Occupational Lead Exposure Ototoxicity Evaluated With Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions
Authors: Solis-Angeles Soledad , Del Razo Luz María , Aguilar-Madrid Guadalupe , Jiménez-Ramírez Carmina , Coco Laura , Cabello-López Alejandro , Juárez-Pérez Cuauhtémoc Arturo 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
To evaluate the extent of hearing loss among pottery workers in Mexico exposed to lead.

Design:
The authors conducted a cross-sectional study including 315 adult pottery workers. Auditory function was evaluated by air conduction pure-tone audiometry (pure-tone average) and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) levels (amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio). Lead exposure was assessed with a single blood sample test and classified as low, medium, and high according to blood lead tertiles. Logistic regression models were calculated for the association between blood lead levels, pure-tone average, and DPOAE records.

Results:
Median (25th–75th) blood lead levels were 14 μg/dL (7.5–22.6 μg/dL). The audiometric pattern and DPOAE records were similar across blood lead levels groups in all frequencies, and no statistically significant differences were found. Adjusted logistic regression models showed no increase in the odds for hearing thresholds >25 dB (HL) and DPOAE absence associated with blood lead levels, and no dose-response pattern was observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Given the results from this cross-sectional study, no association was found between blood lead levels and hearing loss assessed with DPOAE. Future longitudinal work should consider chronic lead exposure estimates among underrepresented populations, which can potentially inform safer work practices to minimize the risk of ototoxicity.