bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common Causes and Risk Factors for Neonatal Death in NICU in Tobruk Medical Center between July 2018 and July 2019, Libya
Authors: Altarhouni Eman F.A. , Mohamed Zinelabedin , Alhouni Nama 
Published: July 2023

Background Of the 130 million babies born worldwide each year, an estimated 4 million die during the neonatal period. Of the total global neonatal mortality, 99% occurs in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Africa and South Asia. The current study was designed to calculate the neonatal mortality rate (NMR), analyze the causes of neonatal deaths, and examine risk factors contributing to neonatal deaths in the neonatal unit of Tobruk Medical Center (TMC).
Methods A case-control study was conducted on 180 newborns divided into two groups admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on the same day of delivery. The first group included 90 newborns who died before day 28 and the second group included 90 newborns who survived until the time of discharge and were selected randomly. The data of the patients were collected from the medical records of newborns admitted to the neonatal unit at TMC between July 2018 and July 2019. All data in this study were statistically analyzed using SPSS 23.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States).
Results The NMR among the studied neonates was 12.3 per 1,000 live births, and the death rate was 16.36% per 1,000 admissions. The most common causes of mortality were premature birth (55, 61%), birth asphyxia (18, 20%), and congenital anomalies (10, 11.2%). Less than 50% of the dead patients were on a mechanical ventilator. Premature birth and low birth weight patients are strong predictors of neonatal mortality; normal vaginal delivery had a higher risk of mortality than the other methods of delivery. Gender, maternal blood group, maternal age, and past obstetrical and medical history had no positive correlation with mortality except for antepartum hemorrhage.
Conclusions The study found that the rate of neonatal mortality is similar to that of other hospitals in developing countries and the most common cause of neonatal death was premature birth, and premature birth and low birth weight were the main risk factors for death.
Flexible humidity sensor for smart agricultural applications
Authors: Tekcin Meltem , Tuzer Hamzaoglu Damla Rabia , Kursun Senem 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to meet the increasing food demand, sensors that measure the ambient temperature and humidity in greenhouses are needed for more efficient vegetable and fruit production. For this purpose, two different flexible and resistant textile-based humidity sensors that can measure the humidity at higher levels (80%, 90%, and 100% relative humidity (RH)) were designed and printed directly on the four different greenhouse fabrics using silver and carbon conductive inks. Depending on the humidity value in the environment, the sensor performance was tested based on sensor electrical resistance measurements with respect to repeated bending/cyclic tests, rubbing, ultraviolet (UV) exposure/ weatherability (against UV and raining) tests in order to simulate greenhouse conditions for smart agriculture. Despite applying 1024 bending cycles, up to 20 rubbing cycles, and 10 times UV and rain exposure to the humidity sensors at high RH, no significant change was detected in the resistance values of the humidity sensors. Moreover, some important features of the sensors such as hysteresis, repeatability, response time have been also examined. According to hysteresis test results, humidity sensors show acceptable dynamic response and response time of the sensors are 15.8, 17.3, 24.8, and 25 s at 100% RH for G2S, W1S, B2C, and W1C, respectively. Statistical analyses showed that the sensor designs and type of conductive inks had significant effects on the performance of the humidity sensors and the best sensor performance was obtained with the polypropylene coated fabric using design II and silver based conductive ink. The fabricated textile based flexible humidity sensors detect the change in RH levels from 80% RH to 100% RH and achieve good durability, and repeatability even after prolonged UV exposure and raining. Thus, the developed textile-based flexible humidity sensor might be useful for future smart agricultural applications.
Cardiovascular events in patients treated with bempedoic acid vs. placebo: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mutschlechner David , Tscharre Maximilian , Huber Kurt , Gremmel Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
Reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreases cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Bempedoic acid represents a promising novel lipid-modifying agent for patients who cannot reach guideline recommended LDL-C goals or statin-intolerant patients, but data on safety and cardiovascular outcomes are limited. We therefore aimed to systematically review randomized controlled trials investigating bempedoic acid vs. placebo in patients with hyperlipidaemia.

Methods
A systematic search on the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase until 20 March 2023 was performed. All randomized trials comparing bempedoic acid (180 mg daily) with placebo in patients with an indication for lipid-lowering therapy were included. As a primary endpoint, we analysed three-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) consisting of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), or non-fatal stroke. The analysis was carried out using the odds ratio (OR) as the outcome measure. Due to the expected heterogeneity across studies, a random-effects model was fitted to the data.

Results
Out of 258 manuscripts, 10 manuscripts fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In total, these trials included 18 200 patients (9765 on bempedoic acid, 8435 on placebo). Bempedoic acid significantly reduced MACEs compared with placebo (OR 0.84 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76–0.96]; P &lt; 0.001; I2 = 0%). The endpoint reduction was driven by a lower rate of non-fatal MI, whereas bempedoic acid had no significant effect on stroke (OR 0.86 [95% CI 0.69–1.08]; P = 0.20, I2 = 0%) and all-cause mortality (OR 1.19 [95% CI 0.73–1.93]; P = 0.49; I2 = 18%).

Conclusion
Bempedoic acid reduced non-fatal MI in patients with hyperlipidaemia, whereas it had no significant effect on stroke and all-cause mortality.
Abdominal wall necrotizing fasciitis as a complication of strangulated hernia - an ominous consequence of a preventable scenario
Authors: Lahham Elias Edward , Albandak Maram , Ayyad Mohammed , AlQadi Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The incidence rate of abdominal wall necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is low; however, it carries a high mortality rate. It can arise as a complication of a strangulated hernia, where a part of the intestine becomes trapped and deprived of its blood supply. Rarely, this can result in abdominal wall fasciitis, which carries a grim prognosis. Timely debridement, however, has been shown to yield improved outcomes. Here, we report our experience with a 53-y-old morbidly obese patient who presented with colicky abdominal pain lasting for 1 week, progressively worsening and becoming constant. She also exhibited symptoms of fever, constipation, vomiting and anorexia. Furthermore, there was an infected wound measuring 20 cm × 13 cm along the midline of the abdomen. Imaging studies revealed indications of small bowel obstruction. This case describes a unique presentation of strangulated incisional hernia complicated by NF of the anterior abdominal wall, successfully managed with surgery.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Cryptoccocal Antigenemia Among Patients With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Eastern Uganda: A Facility-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Eric Ebonu , Olupot-Olupot Peter , Bwayo Denis , Meya David , Katuramu Richard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Cryptoccocal infection remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality among people with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease (AHD). In resource-limited settings, there is a paucity of data on cryptoccocal infections. We described the prevalence and factors associated with cryptoccocal antigenemia among people with AHD in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in Eastern Uganda.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, data on sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of adults with AHD were collected, and factors associated with cryptoccocal antigenemia were determined using multivariate logistic regression models.

Results
We enrolled 228 participants with a median CD4 cell count of 194/µL (interquartile range, 129–370/µL). The prevalence of cryptoccocal antigen was 10 in 228 (4.4% [95% confidence interval, 2.4%–80%]). CD4 cell counts &lt;100/µL (adjusted odds ratio, 3.70) and poultry keeping were risk factors. The main predictors were headaches (adjusted odds ratio, 1), neck pains (8.817), confusion (6.323), and neck stiffness (676.217). No notable significant associations were found in the multivariate analysis

Conclusions
The prevalence of cryptoccocal antigen was 4.4%, and antiretroviral therapy was protective.
Compliance with the Golden Hour bundle in deliveries attended by a specialized neonatal transport team compared with staff at non-tertiary centres
Authors: Shahroor Maher , Whyte-Lewis Andrew , Mak Wendy , Liriano Bridget , Jasani Bonny , Lee Kyong-Soon 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Preterm infants born at &lt;32 weeks gestational age (GA) have increased morbidity if they are born outside tertiary centres (outborn). Stabilization and resuscitation after birth consistent with the neonatal Golden Hour practices (NGHP) are required to optimize outcomes.

Objectives
To evaluate physiological outcomes of hypothermia and hypoglycaemia, and compliance with NGHP by neonatal transport team (NTT) compared with referral hospital team (RHT) during the stabilization of infants born at &lt;32 weeks GA.

Methods
A retrospective case–control study of infants born at &lt;32 weeks GA during 2016–2019 at non-tertiary perinatal centres where the NTT attended the delivery (cases) were matched to infants where the RHT team attended the delivery (controls).

Results
During the 4-year period, NTT team received 437 requests to attend deliveries at &lt;32 weeks GA and attended 76 (17%) prior to delivery. These cases were matched 1:1 with controls composed of deliveries attended by the RHT. The rate of hypothermia was 15% versus 29% in the NTT and RHT groups, respectively (P = 0.01). The rate of hypoglycaemia (&lt;2.2 mmol/L) was 5% versus 12% in the NTT and RHT groups, respectively (P = 0.64). For compliance with the NGHP, use of fluid boluses was 8% versus 33%, use of thermoregulation practices, that is, plastic bag, was 76% versus 21%, and establishment of intravenous access was 20 min versus 47 min, in the NTT and RHT groups, respectively.

Conclusions
High-risk preterm deliveries attended by the NTT compared with the RHT had increased compliance and earlier implementation of the NGHP elements, associated with improved physiological stability and lower hypothermia rates. Outreach education for RHT should ensure that these key elements are included during the training in the stabilization of high-risk preterm deliveries.
Misophonia: A Review of the Literature and Its Implications for the Social Work Profession
Authors: Holohan Daniel , Marfilius Kenneth , Smith Carrie J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Misophonia is a chronic condition that describes aversion to specific auditory stimuli. Misophonia is characterized by physiological responsivity and negative emotional reactivity. Specific sounds, commonly referred to as “triggers,” are often commonplace and sometimes repetitive. They include chewing, coughing, slurping, keyboard tapping, and pen clicking. Common emotional responses include rage, disgust, anxiety, and panic while physical responses include muscle constriction and increased heart rate. This literature review identifies research priorities, limitations, and new directions, examining the implications of misophonia for the social work profession. Misophonia is largely absent from the social work literature. However, the profession is uniquely equipped to understand, screen for, and effectively treat misophonia in direct practice or within interprofessional treatment teams. By conceptualizing misophonia as idiosyncratic and contextual, social workers would enhance the existing body of research by applying an ecological perspective which captures the interaction of individuals and environments in producing human experience. Such an approach would assist clients and clinicians in developing treatment plans that consider the roles of social and physical environments in the development and course of misophonia. A discussion of current limitations within the misophonia literature further emphasizes the need for new perspectives.
Perceptions of Job Hazards and Requests for Accommodation Among Pregnant Women in a Large Urban Hospital System
Authors: Tannis Candace , Schanzer Ariana , Milbank Elizabeth , Afzal Omara , Meyer John 
Published: July 2023

Background
Many pregnant women remain uninformed about job accommodation options or have not been empowered to ask their employers.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of a sample base of pregnant women from late first through third trimester was conducted. Associations between job perception variables, work characteristics, race/ethnicity, and income were assessed using binary logistic regression.

Results
Workers in service/support occupations were twice as likely as those in management to perceive need for job duty change and to request job accommodation. Perception of needed job change was higher when jobs had high physical demands and low substantive complexity.

Conclusions
We found positive relationships between highly physical work, perception of harm, and need for job change in pregnancy. Further research could explore worker/employer characteristics explaining why these perceptions did not translate into requesting and receiving job accommodation during pregnancy.
Comparing the role of 99mTc-HYNIC-PSMA-11 and 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy for the initial staging of intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Ghaedian Tahereh , Abdinejad Maryam , Nasrollahi Hamid , Ghaedian Mehrnaz , Firuzyar Tahereh 
Published: July 2023

Background
Although bone scintigraphy and abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT)/MRI have been the mainstay of initial staging in the intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer (PC) patients, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT imaging provides promising additional value in the initial N/M staging of these patients in recent years. 99mTc-PSMA scan is a new alternative to PSMA PET tracers with little evidence regarding its diagnostic value in the initial staging of PC.

Methods
This prospective study included 40 patients with newly diagnosed PC with initial intermediate or high-risk features [prostate-specific antigen (PSA) > 10 ng/dl, Gleason score ≥7 or stage cT2b and more]. All patients underwent both 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scan and 99mTc-HYNIC-PSMA-11 scan with maximum interval of 2 weeks. Abdominopelvic CT and MRI were also performed in this timeframe. Then, the results of these methods were compared with the final diagnosis data.

Results
Among the 40 included patients, 28 patients had finally been diagnosed as localized PC and 12 patients showed lymph node or metastatic involvement. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 99mTc-HYNIC-PSMA-11 vs. 99mTc-MDP were 83.3% vs. 50.0%, 100% vs. 82.1% and 95% vs. 72.5%, respectively. However, when combined with the results of abdominopelvic CT/MRI the sensitivity reached 100% for both and the specificity raised to 100% and 96.4% for 99mTc-HYNIC-PSMA-11 and 99mTc-MDP, respectively.

Conclusion

99mTc-HYNIC-PSMA-11 performs well in the initial staging of intermediate to high-risk PC and especially in low source areas without PET/CT it can be used as the first-line method of metastatic evaluation instead of bone scintigraphy. However, the combination and correlation of cross-sectional imaging is essential to gain the optimal diagnostic value.
Sustainability 4.0 in services: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Filgueiras Igor Fellype Loureiro Valenca , Melo Fagner José Coutinho De 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis paper aimed to identify the impact that Industry 4.0 can have on the service sector and how its combination can generate benefits for Sustainability 4.0 in the context of the Triple Bottom Line.Design/methodology/approachA Systematic Literature Review (RSL) was developed using the following combinations of keywords on the Web of Science and Scopus databases: Industry 4.0 And Sustainability, Industry 4.0 And Service, and Industry 4.0 And Sustainable Development, in which 24 papers were selected.FindingsAs a result, the authors found 100 benefits for sustainable development, which were further categorized into 54 advantages for the economic area, 25 for the social segment and 21 for environmental aspects. In this way, the results can help private companies understand the use of these technologies aimed at sustainable growth, plus bolstering the government to conduct public policies to encourage these practices in technology organizations.Practical implicationsAs a practical implication, this study offers insight into the evolution of sustainable development. It enables the emergence of works that wish to explore the service sector, providing relevant information for decision-making and influencing managers and policymakers on the importance of applying Industry 4.0 toward the sustainability of the service sector and its applications.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in expanding the understanding generated by 4.0 technologies, by diverting attention from the manufacturing and agricultural sectors, which have abundant literature on the subject. With this, this work demonstrated that modern technologies have greater possibilities of an action directed at the service sector, in addition to being able to contribute to Sustainability 4.0 from the perspective of the sustainability tripod.
Mortality and alcohol‐related morbidity in patients with delirium tremens, alcohol withdrawal state or alcohol dependence in Norway: A register‐based prospective cohort study
Authors: Bramness Jørgen G. , Heiberg Ina H. , Høye Anne , Rossow Ingeborg 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsLittle is known about long‐term consequences of delirium tremens (DT). This study aimed to compare all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality and alcohol‐related morbidity between patients with: (i) DT, (ii) alcohol withdrawal state (AWS) and (iii) alcohol dependence (AD).DesignA national longitudinal health registry study with linked data from the Norwegian Patient Registry and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry.SettingNorway.ParticipantsAll patients registered in the Norwegian Patient Registry between 2009 and 2015 with a diagnosis of AD (ICD‐10 code F10.2), AWS (F10.3) or DT (F10.4) and aged 20–79 years were included (n = 36 287).MeasurementsPatients were categorized into three mutually exclusive groups; those with DT diagnosis were categorized as DT patients regardless of whether or not they had received another alcohol use disorder diagnosis during the observation period or not. Outcome measures were: annual mortality rate, standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality and proportion of alcohol‐related morbidities which were registered in the period from 2 years before to 1 year after the index diagnosis.FindingsDT patients had higher annual mortality rate (8.0%) than AWS (5.0%) and AD (3.6%) patients, respectively. DT patients had higher mortality [SMR = 9.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 8.9–10.7] than AD patients (SMR = 7.0, 95% CI = 6.8–7.2) and AWS patients (SMR = 7.8, 95% CI = 7.2–8.4). SMR was particularly elevated for unnatural causes of death, and more so for DT patients (SMR = 26.9, 95% CI = 21.7–33.4) than for AD patients (SMR = 15.2, 95% CI = 14.2–16.3) or AWS patients (SMR = 20.1, 95% CI = 16.9–23.9). For all comorbidities, we observed a higher proportion among DT patients than among AWS or AD patients (P < 0.001).ConclusionsPeople treated for delirium tremens appear to have higher rates of mortality and comorbidity than people with other alcohol use disorders.
Estimating alcohol‐attributable injury deaths: A comparison of epidemiological methods
Authors: Naimi Timothy S. , Sherk Adam , Esser Marissa B. , Zhao Jinhui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsInjuries often involve alcohol, but determining the proportion caused by alcohol is difficult. Several approaches have been used to determine the causal role of alcohol, but these methods have not been compared directly with one another. Such a comparison would be useful for understanding the strengths and comparability of different approaches. This study compared estimates of average annual alcohol‐attributable deaths in the United States from injuries during 2015–19 using a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) method compared with a population attributable fraction (PAF) approach.MethodsFor the BAC method, we used a direct method involving the proportion of decedents with a high blood alcohol concentration (BAC; e.g. ≥ 0.10%). For the PAF approach, we compared the use of unadjusted survey data with average consumption data adjusted using alcohol sales data to account for underreporting and also accounting for the underreporting of binge drinking. Survey data were from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and mortality data were from the National Vital Statistics System.ResultsThe number of alcohol‐attributable injury deaths using the direct method (48 516 deaths annually) was similar to that using PAF methods (47 879 deaths annually), but only when alcohol use measures were adjusted using alcohol sales data. Furthermore, estimates were similar for cause‐specific categories of deaths, including non‐motor vehicle unintentional injuries and motor vehicle crashes. Among PAF methods, excessive drinking accounted for 38.3% of injury deaths using unadjusted survey data, but 64.8% of injury deaths using adjusted data.ConclusionsEstimates of alcohol‐attributable injury deaths from a direct method and from a population attributable fraction method that adjusts for alcohol use based on alcohol sales data appear to be comparable.