bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and FEM study of surface modification of nickel-based superalloy subjected to ultrasonic surface rolling process
Authors: Yu Weiwei , Wu Jie , Li Yugang , An Qinglong , Ming Weiwei , Chen Dong , Wang Haowei , Chen Ming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
GH4169 superalloy is widely used in the manufacture of key components such as high-pressure turbine disks, turbine blades and combustion chambers of gas turbines and aero-engines. However, mechanical and metallurgical properties of the surface layer have changed significantly on account of the cutting process, which is easy to cause fatigue failure. Therefore, surface strengthening of GH4169 superalloy subjected to ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) is investigated, involved with the mechanical properties and microstructure of the surface layer. The findings demonstrate that the USRP treatment reduces the surface roughness of the basis sample by 93% (from 1.17 µm to 0.08 µm). The USRP treatments improve the degree of the grain refinement, the number proportion of low angle grain boundaries and dislocation density. The depth of residual compressive stress layer and hardened layer of the samples subjected to USRP treatment are improved to 0.6 mm. Moreover, finite element models are utilized to aid in the research of the USRP treatment, especially the stress and strain fields.
Integrative proteomics highlight presynaptic alterations and c-Jun misactivation as convergent pathomechanisms in ALS
Authors: Aly Amr , Laszlo Zsofia I. , Rajkumar Sandeep , Demir Tugba , Hindley Nicole , Lamont Douglas J. , Lehmann Johannes , Seidel Mira , Sommer Daniel , Franz-Wachtel Mirita , Barletta Francesca , Heumos Simon , Czemmel Stefan , Kabashi Edor , Ludolph Albert , Boeckers Tobias M. , Henstridge Christopher M. , Catanese Alberto 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting upper and lower motoneurons. Several functionally heterogeneous genes have been associated with the familial form of this disorder (fALS), depicting an extremely complex pathogenic landscape. This heterogeneity has limited the identification of an effective therapy, and this bleak prognosis will only improve with a greater understanding of convergent disease mechanisms. Recent evidence from human post-mortem material and diverse model systems has highlighted the synapse as a crucial structure actively involved in disease progression, suggesting that synaptic aberrations might represent a shared pathological feature across the ALS spectrum. To test this hypothesis, we performed the first comprehensive analysis of the synaptic proteome from post-mortem spinal cord and human iPSC-derived motoneurons carrying mutations in the major ALS genes. This integrated approach highlighted perturbations in the molecular machinery controlling vesicle release as a shared pathomechanism in ALS. Mechanistically, phosphoproteomic analysis linked the presynaptic vesicular phenotype to an accumulation of cytotoxic protein aggregates and to the pro-apoptotic activation of the transcription factor c-Jun, providing detailed insights into the shared pathobiochemistry in ALS. Notably, sub-chronic treatment of our iPSC-derived motoneurons with the fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid exerted a neuroprotective effect by efficiently rescuing the alterations revealed by our multidisciplinary approach. Together, this study provides strong evidence for the central and convergent role played by the synaptic microenvironment within the ALS spinal cord and highlights a potential therapeutic target that counteracts degeneration in a heterogeneous cohort of human motoneuron cultures.
Assess the public awareness, knowledge, and attitude towards Alzheimer's disease in Medina Saudi Arabia
Authors: ALLUQMANI MAJED , Zahid Heba M. , Alhussaini Ameerah R. , Bokhari Omar K. , Alharbi Samirah S , Aljohani Asmaa R. , Almalki Dalia S , Alahmadi Atheer M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background There is an increasing number of individuals with dementia due to the rapid aging process worldwide. AD is a major public health problem and the most prevalent form of dementia. It affects mainly older people and causes a significant decline in cognitive abilities, thus affecting the quality of life and independence. Understanding AD is fundamental for early diagnosis and reducing caregiver burden. Aim and objective to assess the public awareness, knowledge, and attitude toward AD in Medina City, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study of a convenient sample from Madina city, Saudi Arabia collected via validated Arabic face-to-face interviews conducted in shopping malls in Al-Madina city, KSA from August 2022 to September 2022. This study included only Madina's residents, between the age of 20 and 65. Data collected via the interview included sociodemographic, knowledge, and attitude towards Alzheimer’s disease. Results The study included 391 participants with a mean age between 18–29 years. The majority of the participants were able to identify aging and AD as causes of memory loss (86.2% and 65.7%) respectively. The overall AD knowledge was measured out of 12 points given to correct responses to the marked questions in table 2. The mean knowledge level was 7 ± 2 out of 12 possible points. Simple linear regression models were performed for the following predictors: age group, gender, and educational level. Data showed that only age groups (B = -0.351, SE = 0.103 (95% CI: -0.553 to -0.149), p < 0.001, R2 = 0.029), predicted the total awareness level related to AD (Table 3). 72.4% of the participants believed that Alzheimer’s patients are not capable of making decisions. Furthermore, 83.4% believe that Alzheimer’s patients need continuous monitoring and 70.8% think they may cause a psychological or societal burden. Conclusion Knowing the signs and symptoms of AD can allow clinicians to early diagnoses, treatment, preventing complications and decreasing the burden on families. So, it's important to guarantee enough public awareness of AD and the importance of managing risk factors that can minimize the risk of AD.
Wave blocking and Bragg resonance in two-layer fluid with current and surface tension.
Authors: Aggarwal Akshita , Mohanty S. K. , Martha S.C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the present work, the scattering of water waves by undulating bottom in a two-layer fluid system is investigated by the inclusion of current, surface tension and interfacial tension to better understand the phenomenon of wave blocking. The perturbation technique followed by the Fourier transform method is applied to solve the coupled boundary value problem. The associated velocity potentials, Bragg reflection coefficients, and Bragg transmission coefficients are obtained in integral forms. A particular case of the undulating bottom, namely sinusoidal bottom undulation, has been taken into consideration for showing the effects of current speed and surface tension. A shift in the Bragg resonant frequency is observed with a change in the current speed. Further, the combined effects of Bragg resonance and wave blocking are investigated. For some values of opposing current, the group velocity vanishes at two distinct points in the frequency space; the maxima is known as the primary blocking point and the minima is called as the secondary blocking point. For each frequency, there exist three propagating modes between these two blocking points. Certain abnormalities and a sharp increase in the Bragg reflection and transmission coefficients are caused by the superposition of various propagating wave modes and triad interaction within the blocking points as well as a change in the incident wave mode.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 76B15, 42A38, 35Q35.
Lipofuscin, amyloids, and lipid peroxidation as potential markers of aging in Daphnia
Authors: Lowman R. L. , Yampolsky L. Y. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Accumulation of autofluorescent waste products, amyloids, and products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) are important hallmarks of aging. Until now, these processes have not been documented in Daphnia, a convenient model organism for longevity and senescence studies. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of autofluorescence and Congo Red (CR) fluorescent staining for amyloids in four clones of D. magna. Additionally, we used a single time point cross-sectional common garden experiment within a single clone in which autofluorescence and BODIPY C11 fluorescence were measured. We observed a robust increase in autofluorescent spots that show diagnostic co-staining by Sudan Black indicating lipofuscin aggregates, particularly in the upper body region. There was also a significant clone-by-age interaction indicating that some genotypes accumulated lipofuscins faster than others. Contrary to predictions, CR fluorescence and lipid peroxidation did not consistently increase with age. CR fluorescence demonstrated a slight non-monotonous relationship with age, achieving the highest values at intermediate ages, possibly due to elimination of physiological heterogeneity in our genetically uniform cohorts. LPO demonstrated a significant ovary status-by-age interaction, decreasing with age when measured in Daphnia with full ovaries (late phase ovarian cycle) and showing no significant trend or slight increase with age when measured during the early phase in the ovarian cycle.
KIF23, under regulation by androgen receptor, can promote the deterioration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Hongbo , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Yajun , Zhou Yan , Zhang Lei , Kang Jia , Ning Can , He Zelai , Song Shilong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Our study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of KIF23 regulating function in the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and pinpoint novel therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. The mRNA and protein level of KIF23 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was measured using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. The influence of KIF23 on tumor metastasis and growth in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was determined through the in vivo and in vitro experiments. The regulatory mechanisms of KIF23 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were illustrated in the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. KIF23 was found to be overexpressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma samples, and its expression was associated with poor prognosis. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell’s proliferation, migration and invasion potential could be improved by inducing KIF23 expression both in vivo and in vitro. Androgen receptor (AR) was found to bind to the KIF23 promoter region directly and enhance KIF23 transcription. Furthermore, KIF23 could accelerate nasopharyngeal carcinoma deterioration via activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. AR/KIF23/ Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma deterioration. Our findings could serve as a new therapeutic strategy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the clinical practice.
Decreased expression of prolyl hydroxylase 1 is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancers
Authors: Melling Nathaniel , Grass Julia , Reeh Matthias , Tachezy Michael , Blessmann Marco , Nickel Felix , Hackert Thilo , Grupp Katharina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Prolyl hydroxylase 1 (PHD1) is a prognostic marker in several cancers.
Aims and scopes:
This study was undertaken to elucidate the clinical relevance of PHD1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis.
Materials and methods
We compared PHD1 expression on a tissue microarray (TMA) containing samples from 1800 CRCs with corresponding clinicopathological tumor variables and patient survival.
Results
While PHD1 staining was always high in benign colorectal epithelium, high PHD1 staining was detectable in only 71.8% of CRCs. Low PHD1 staining was associated with advanced tumor stage (p = 0.0101) and shortened overall survival in CRC patients (p = 0.0011). In a multivariable analysis including tumour stage, histological type and PHD1 staining revealed tumour stage and histological type (p < 0.0001 each), but also PHD1 staining (p = 0.0202) to be independent prognostic markers for CRC.
Conclusions
In our cohort, loss of PHD1 expression independently identified a subset of CRC patients with poor overall survival and might, thus, be a promising prognostic marker. PHD1 targeting may even allow for specific therapeutic approaches for these patients.
Surface family interpolating a common spherical indicatrix curve
Authors: Bayram Ergin , Güler Fatma , KASAP Emin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The trajectory of a moving particle in space forms a curve. By moving a line along a curve, a surface called ruled surface is obtained. The striction point on a ruled surface is the foot of the common normal between two consecutive generators or ruling. The set of striction points defines the striction curve. In the present paper, we obtain surfaces passing through the spherical indicatrix curves formed on the unit sphere by the end points of the geodesic Frenet frame formed on this curve. We present conditions for these curves to be asymptotic curves or geodesic on the surface. We illustrate the method with several examples.
Dyes degradation using atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge pencil plasma jet
Authors: Rathore Vikas , Pandey Akanksha , Patel Shruti , Dave Heman , Nema Sudhir Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The dye degradation efficacy of the cold plasma pencil jet is presented in the present investigation. Air plasma is produced in the cylindrical coaxial dielectric barrier discharge configuration. Electrical characterization of plasma is performed and the plasma species are identified using optical emission spectroscopy. For the dye degradation study using air plasma, six different types of dyes (erythrosine, metanil yellow, sudan I, crystal violet, rhodamine B, and Indigo) are chosen. The degradation of dyes is analyzed using UV visible spectroscopy, total organic carbon, and chemical oxygen demand. The results showed complete degradation of all the dyes in UV visible analysis with minimum time for indigo (3 minutes) and maximum time for erythrosine (45 minutes). Moreover, erythrosine (k = 1.08 mg L-1 min-1) and sudan I (k= 3.46 mg L-1 min-1) follows zero-order degradation kinetic and metanil yellow (k = 0.094 min-1), crystal violet (k = 0.25 min-1), rhodamine B (k = 0.17 min-1), Indigo (k = 0.81 min-1) follows first-order degradation kinetics. Also, substantial enhancement in mineralization and reduction in chemical oxygen demand of all the dyes occurs after plasma treatment. The toxicity of plasma degraded dye solution toward freshwater algae species (Chlorella Sorokiniana and Chlorella Pyrenoidosa) are significantly low compared to virgin dyes solutions. The study reveals that pencil plasma jet substantially degrade dyes as well as converts the dyes solutions non-toxic.
Examining the HAP+ Fe2O3 Response in the Magnetic Field, Radiation Protection and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Malidarre Roya Boodaghi , Akkurt Iskender , Korkmaz Abdul Vahap , Ekmekci Ismail 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
HAP (Hydroxyapatite) bio-composite has been used extensively to repair and replace bone and teeth tissues in the human body. However, because of the poor mechanical features of HAP bio-composites, significant enhancements in the strength and toughness of pure HAP have been achieved by the insertion of various alloys and materials into HAP. Accordingly, the present study evaluates the radiation shielding and mechanical features of the Fe2O3 -reinforced HAP composite as an implant for 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 wt.% Fe2O3. Also, the composite response in a magnetic field has been investigated. Employing FLUKA Monte Carlo Code, radiation shielding factors are obtained. In addition, the mechanical characteristics of the studied composites are evaluated using the theoretical method. Findings reveal that increasing the Fe2O3 contents in HAP bio-composite enhances the preferred samples’ radiation shielding and mechanical qualities. Furthermore, in the absence of a magnetic field, the particles' spatial map exhibits symmetric behavior along the x-axis, however, a different trend is observed in the presence of a magnetic field with a value of Bx=5 microT.
Improvement of water utility management in Tajikistan: reduction in water wastage using a metered tariff system
Authors: Ogata Ryuji , Matsuda Kazumi , Avzal Tabarzoda Jamshed , Abe Kimio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTajikistan is a country in Central Asia with rich water resources. However, drinking water is used for agriculture and other non-drinking purposes owing to the fixed tariff system. Consequently, the overall level of water services has deteriorated and generated revenue is insufficient for operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, a project aimed to improve the quality of water supply services by providing hardware support, such as construction of wells and renewal of water distribution pipes, was conducted. However, because hardware improvement alone cannot sufficiently enhance water supply services, software support to improve the capacity of Vodokanal (utility) staff, including preparation of a metered tariff system, was implemented through a technical cooperation project. The project successfully raised customer awareness of water conservation, and the water consumption rate was reduced to two-thirds of that before implementation of the project. Additionally, the water quantity, quality, pressure, and supply hours in the target area were significantly improved. Despite the resulting increase in financial burden, customer satisfaction regarding the water supply was enhanced from 51% before the project to 100% in the second half of the project. Simultaneously, the water supply revenue increased by 24% and this increase contributed to sustainable water supply management.
Estimation of crop water stress index and leaf area index based on remote sensing data
Authors: Cetin Mahmut , Alsenjar Omar , Aksu Hakan , Golpinar Muhammet Said , Akgul Mehmet Ali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Estimation of crop water stress index (CWSI) and leaf area index (LAI) over large-irrigation schemes requires the use of cutting-edge technologies. Combinations of remote sensing techniques with ground-truth data have become available for use at the catchment level. These approaches allow us to estimate actual evapotranspiration and have the capability of monitoring crop water status and saving irrigation water in water-scarce regions. This study was conducted in the eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkiye. Fully distributed CWSI maps were generated and we assessed the relationship between CWSI and LAI for some specific crops in the winter season of 2021. Landsat 7 and 8 data were used and meteorological data were acquired from two stations in the study area. ‘Mapping Evapotranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration’ methodology was applied to estimate the energy balance components. CWSI maps displayed spatiotemporal changes in tandem with crop-type variations. Consequently, results presented a high correlation (r = 0.95 and r = 0.99 for wheat and lettuce, respectively) between CWSI and LAI, a moderate correlation (r = 0.44) for potatoes in the winter season. Thus, by utilizing remotely sensed data, the CWSI values would be directly estimated without requiring any in situ measurements of the canopy and air temperature over-irrigation scheme.
Control Strategy of Ball Mill Based on Disturbance Observer and a Virtual Analyzer of Overload
Authors: Zakamaldin A. A. , Shilin A. A. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of research.. Increasing the ore productivity of the grinding mill under the influence of external disturbances, preventing overloading of the mill in operating conditions close to overloading.Methods. To achieve this goal, it is proposed a new automatic control system (ACS) for ore volumetric filling of grate-discharge ball mill in a closed grinding cycle using model predictive control and active disturbance observer (MPC-DOB). And in addition, virtual analyzer (VA) of the ore weight in the mill based on the developed model of the grinding process is proposed for mill overload control. The ACS was tested on a laboratory installation with the mill PC-model in Simulink and the PLC based implementation of control algorithms. Results. MPC-DOB was compared with other ACS based on PID, MPC controllers for various test scenarios and show high performance under the influence of sinusoidal and step disturbances by reducing relative standard deviation (RSD) by 4-7 %. The combined using of MPC-DOB and VA made it possible to increase the grinding process ore productivity by 1 % and improve the quality of mill vibration stabilization in the mode of functional instability. Conclusion. The developed ACS can be used in the process control system for grinding in a ball mill with a grate to increase the productivity and stability of the technological process and reduce the energy consumption of the mill drive.
Analysis of "Cold Bridges" in Order to Identify Shortcomings of Monolithic Housing Construction in Voronezh
Authors: Sotnikova O. A. , Tselyaritskaya M. I. , Pashchenko Yu. O. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of research. This article analyzes thermal imaging surveys of residential premises in monolithic houses built in 2018 and 2019 in the city of Voronezh. Based on the regulatory requirements of Federal Law No. 261-F3 "On Energy Saving and energy Efficiency improvement", the question is raised about the essential shortcomings in the structural units of the monolithic overlap associated with errors in design and installation. Such errors lead to the formation of places through which heat losses occur - "cold bridges". "Cold bridges" worsen the energy-efficient properties of structures and provoke excessive costs for the operation of buildingsMethods. In the article under consideration, the method of thermal imaging is used for non-contact diagnostics of "cold bridges".Results. The analysis of thermograms is based on identifying the causes of violations of thermal insulation of external enclosing structures or a decrease in its qualities. The main criterion for comparing different surface areas of enclosing structures is the temperature difference at the selected point on the compared surface area. The temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the surface temperature of the wall of a residential building on the 45th Rifle Division Street exceeds +6.0 ° C with a normalized value of Δtext=+4.0 °C. The temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the surface temperature of the wall of a residential building on Kholzunov Street exceeds +11.0 ° C with a normalized value of Δtext=+4.0 °C.Conclusion. The above results of the thermal imaging survey allow us to conclude that thermal pads were either not installed along the perimeter of the cantilever ceiling discs, or were mounted with gross errors. Uncontrolled loss of heat through fixed "cold bridges" leads to a significant increase in heat consumption for heating the building. This is contrary to Law No. 261-FZ "On Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency Improvement". It is quite labor-intensive to eliminate existing bridges in operated apartments. It is advisable to prevent their formation at the design stage and during installation work by means of perforation of a monolithic floor slab. The use of thermal pads leads to a decrease in specific heat loss by an average of 1.5 times and practically eliminates freezing under standard conditions.