bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Female physician and pregnancy- effect of the amended German maternity protection act on female doctors’ careers
Authors: Puhahn-Schmeiser Barbara , Hennel Eva K. , Gross Christiane , Raestrup Heike , Bühren Astrid , Mangler Mandy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
In Germany, the 2018 amended Maternity Protection Act frequently leads to fundamental restrictions for female physicians, especially surgeons, and now even also for students impeding the progress of their careers. Our goal was to assess the current situation for pregnant female physicians and students, respectively, and their perspective on this amendment regarding their career path.

Methods
A nationwide survey was conducted in Germany from December 2020 to February 2021. The questionnaire included 790 female physicians and students who were pregnant after the inception of the amended Act. Those women pregnant after the beginning of the corona pandemic were excluded.

Results
The survey revealed that two thirds of female physicians worked a maximum of 50% in their previous professional activity as soon as they reported pregnancy. Amongst medical students this amounted up to 72%. 18% of the female physicians and 17% of the female medical students respectively could not follow the sense of these restrictions. 44% of female medical physicians and 33% of female students felt their career impeded. This led up to 43% amongst female medical doctors and 53% amongst female medical students, respectively, who were concerned to announce their pregnancy. As a consequence, pregnancies were reported at 12 weeks in female physicians compared to 19 weeks in medical students.

Conclusions
Analyses of the current survey revealed that a relevant number of female physicians and medical students felt impeded in their career path through the application of the amended Maternity Act.
Specifications of standards in systems and synthetic biology: status and developments in 2022 and the COMBINE meeting 2022
Authors: König Matthias , Gleeson Padraig , Golebiewski Martin , Gorochowski Thomas E. , Hucka Michael , Keating Sarah M. , Myers Chris J. , Nickerson David P. , Sommer Björn , Waltemath Dagmar , Schreiber Falk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This special issue of the Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics contains updated specifications of COMBINE standards in systems and synthetic biology. The 2022 special issue presents three updates to the standards: CellML 2.0.1, SBML Level 3 Package: Spatial Processes, Version 1, Release 1, and Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) Version 3.1.0. This document can also be used to identify the latest specifications for all COMBINE standards. In addition, this editorial provides a brief overview of the COMBINE 2022 meeting in Berlin.
Computation of the steady-state probability of Markov chain evolving on a mixed state space
Authors: Zakrad Az-eddine , Nasroallah Abdelaziz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The partitioning algorithm is an iterative procedure that computes explicitly the steady-state probability of a finite Markov chain 𝑋.
In this paper, we propose to adapt this algorithm to the case where the state space

E
:=

C
∪
D

E:=C\cup D

is composed of a continuous part 𝐶 and a finite part 𝐷 such that

C
∩
D

=
∅

C\cap D=\emptyset

.
In this case, the steady-state probability 𝜋 of 𝑋 is a convex combination of two steady-state probabilities

π
C

\pi_{C}

and

π
D

\pi_{D}

of two Markov chains on 𝐶 and 𝐷 respectively.
The obtained algorithm allows to compute explicitly

π
D

\pi_{D}

.
If

π
C

\pi_{C}

cannot be computed explicitly, our algorithm approximates it by numerical resolution of successive integral equations.
Some numerical examples are studied to show the usefulness and proper functioning of our proposal.
Sentences Apparently About Composite Objects: True Even Without Composite Objects
Authors: Ioannou Savvas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A compositional nihilist believes that the only objects that exist are simples. However, a non-nihilist believes in the existence of composite objects and challenges the nihilist to explain why there are true sentences about chairs, tables, etc., if composite objects do not exist. Different nihilist views have been suggested to explain this (the paraphrase strategy and the truthmaker theory), but I believe that they are unsuccessful (either they do not successfully paraphrase every sentence apparently about composite objects, or they are not precise about the truthmakers of those sentences). I will suggest that a new truthmaker theory, which uses resources from Cameron’s truthmaker theory and van Inwagen’s paraphrase strategy, can give such an explanation and does not face the problems of other theories. Therefore, we have a good reason to accept this truthmaker theory as the best nihilist way to accommodate sentences apparently about composite objects.
Crystal structure of phenyl(3,3-dichloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-one)methanone, C7H4Cl2N2O
Authors: Bai Su-Fen , Li Shan-Shan , Liu Jia-Xuan , Tian Chun-Yu , Li Xiao-Long , La Xiao-Jin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
C7H4Cl2N2O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.215(2) Å, b = 16.544(5) Å, c = 8.561(3) Å, β = 108.707(4)°, V = 833.8(5) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0339, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1265, T = 296 K.
Performance analysis of WEDM during the machining of Inconel 690 miniature gear using RSM and ANN modeling approaches
Authors: Raj Atul , Misra Joy Prakash , Singh Ravinder Pal , Singh Gurminder , Sharma Shubham , Eldin Sayed M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The present work aims to carry out a feasible study of wire electro-discharge machining (WEDM) during the machining of Inconel 690 superalloy gears. Processing conditions of power-on time, power-off time, current, and spark-gap voltage are varied to evaluate the process performance in terms of material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), and wire consumption. Parametric optimization has been carried out using combined approach of response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Results revealed that ANN predicted values are 99% in agreement with the experimental results which validates its effectiveness as compared to RSM predicted values. A viability study of noise characteristics of the processed gear is also done using a noise testing setup. Additionally, FE-SEM has been used to analyze the machined surface’s topography. Greater discharge energy brought by a longer pulse length raises the values of MRR, SR, and recast layer thickness (RLT). This study explores the capability of WEDM to produce a more precise and smooth gear profile as compared to other conventional machining methods. Additionally, RLT and microhardness of the machined surface have been critically studied to comprehend the better understanding of the process mechanism.
Major biochemical constituents ofWithania somnifera(ashwagandha) extract: A review of chemical analysis
Authors: Abdelwahed Mahmoud Tareq , Hegazy Maha A. , Mohamed Ekram H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAshwagandha (Withania somnifera) is a very popular medicinal herb originated mainly in India and found in the Middle East and parts of Africa. Ashwagandha has gained recognition as the most revered plant in Ayurvedic medicine. Studies indicated that it is used as anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, adaptogen, memory enhancer, and possess an effect on neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, it was revealed that the plant exerts antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, aphrodisiac, and cardiovascular protection activities. Due to the biological and nutritional importance of nutraceuticals, particularly ashwagandha, and as part of the ongoing research of the natural products and its bioactive phytochemicals, this review aims to summarize the recent analytical techniques that have been reported for the determination of different chemical constituents ofWithania somniferaquantitatively and qualitatively, and to highlight new challenges.
Legal Regulation of Taxation of Transnational Corporations in the European Union
Authors: Smyrnova Kseniia , Mykievych Mykhailo , Fedorova Alla , Bratsuk Ivan , Makarukha Zoryana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the principles of taxation of transnational corporations in the European Union (EU), as well as the effectiveness of legal norms in this area based on the analysis of Ukrainian and world studies. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the method of review and critical analysis of the scientific literature on the subject of the study, as well as methods of logical deduction, scientific abstractions and a systematic approach that allows a comprehensive examination of the differences in the taxation procedures of transnational corporations in the EU Member States. The study presents topical issues of tax harmonisation in the field of taxation of transnational corporations in the European Union. The paper notes that the priorities of the EU Member States are aimed to a greater extent at combating the erosion of the tax base and tax evasion by transnational corporations than at eliminating tax obstacles in the internal market.
On the Preservation of Illegal Street Art
Authors: Crettez Bertrand , Deloche Régis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Protecting street art faces significant hurdles. To overcome them, Salib, P.N. (2015. The law of Banksy: Who owns street art? The University of Chicago Law Review, pp. 2293–2328) proposes to unbundle the various rights that art ownership usually implies. Specifically, he proposes to treat the finder of a street art piece as a minority shareholder in this piece, granting him some percentage of its value. We provide an economic analysis of this proposal by refining a simple discovery process model involving street art finders and the owners of the premises where street art is found. We consider both the optimal number of researchers and the share of the street art value that should accrue to a finder. We also pay attention to the co-determination of the numbers of seekers and street artists. We find that a change in the share of the value of discovered street art has an ambiguous effect on the numbers of seekers and street artists. Moreover, relying on this share alone cannot guarantee that the equilibrium values of the numbers of seekers and street artists are equal to their socially optimal values.
Detection of microplastics in water using electrical impedance spectroscopy and support vector machines
Authors: Bifano Luca , Meiler Valentin , Peter Ronny , Fischerauer Gerhard 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The detection of microplastics in water requires a series of processes (sample collection, purification, and preparation) until a sample can be analyzed in the laboratory. To shorten this process chain, we are investigating whether electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) enhanced by a classifier based on support vector machine (SVM) can be applied to the problem of microplastics detection. Results with suspensions of polypropylene (PP) and polyolefin (PO) in deionized water proved promising: The relative permittivities extracted from the measured impedances agree with literature data. The subsequent classification of measured impedances by SVM shows that the three classes “no plastic” (below the detection limit of 1 g plastic per filling), “PP” and “PO” can be distinguished securely independent of the background medium water. Mixtures of PO and PP were not examined, i.e. either PO or PP was filled into the measuring cell. An SVM regression performed after the SVM classification yields the microplastic concentration of the respective sample. Further tests with varying salinity and content of organic or biological material in the water confirmed the good results. We conclude that EIS in combination with machine learning (MLEIS) seems to be a promising approach for in situ detection of microplastics and certainly warrants further research activities.
Parametric analysis of heat flux inhibition in the solar wind: a macroscopic quasilinear approach
Authors: Ahmed Shahzad , Sarfraz Muhammad , Aziz Tahir 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Magnitudes of electron temperature anisotropy and solar wind heat flux are defined with different physical mechanisms e.g. microinstabilities, interparticle collisions, and adiabatic expansion. In the dilute space plasma limit, the present study assumes the interplay between anisotropic core-halo electron components, their relative drift, and relative density of the halo electrons to determine the dynamics of backward and forward-propagating whistler heat flux instabilities along the ambient magnetic field. To investigate the feedback effects of these micro-instabilities in reshaping solar wind distributions and the total heat flux regulation, we formulate quasilinear kinetic equations on the basis of taking the macroscopic velocity moments. For the same input parameters of linear analysis, numerical solutions of the quasilinear equations indicate the time-scale variations, electrons and protons population, wave intensities, and constraints on the heat flux. In future perspective of the global-kinetic solar wind model, the present formalism may be an important step with the inclusion of radial and nonthermal effects.
Investigación en musicoterapia sobre la relajación, estado emocional y reducción del dolor en el enfermo oncológico / Research in music therapy on relaxation, emotional states and pain reduction in oncology patients
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Pilar , Sánchez Barba Mercedes , Del Barco Morillo Elvira 
Published: March 2023

El principal objetivo de esta investigación ha sido acercar la musicoterapia a pacientes oncológicos y comprobar si hay mejoras en su relajación, estado emocional, y dolor una vez finalizada la sesión de musicoterapia. Los resultados se han obtenido sobre una única sesión y las sesiones llevadas a cabo se han realizado tanto individual como grupalmente. Se han analizado ítems de relajación, alivio de dolor y estado emocional antes y después de realizar la terapia. Han participado 79 pacientes, de los cuáles, 10 pacientes se encontraban ingresados en la planta de oncología, 62 pacientes recibían quimioterapia y 7 pacientes estaban ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados paliativos. Las sesiones se han realizado con música en directo y la participación ha sido activa o pasiva, a petición de los propios pacientes. Se ha intentado propiciar un ambiente de tranquilidad, humor y libre expresión. Los resultados analizados cuantitativamente, muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la reducción de dolor, aumento de relajación y mejora del estado emocional.Palabras clave: Musicoterapia, pacientes de oncología, creatividad, bienestar físico y emocional. AbstractThis research aims to approach music therapy to oncology patients and to evaluate whether their relaxation, physical comfort and pain increases once the session has finished. Results were obtained on a single session and sessions conducted were performed both individually and as a group. Items of relaxation, pain and emotional state have been analyzed before and after implementing the therapy. Seventy nine patients have participated in this research from whom 10 of them were hospitalized in the oncology unit, 62 patients were receiving chemotherapy treatment and 7 of them were hospitalized in the Palliative Care Unit. Live music has been used in the sessions and the participation of the patients has been active or passive, according to their request. An atmosphere of tranquility, humor and free speech has been fostered. Results, which have been quantitatively analyzed, show statistically significant differences in pain decrease, relaxation increase and emotional state improvement.Key words: Music therapy, oncology patients, creativity, physical and emotional wellbeing.
Cystic Artery Control with Bipolar Electrocauterization During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Iqbal Sajid , Tabassum Saima 
Published: March 2023

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a widely practiced procedure for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Haemostasis of cystic artery can be achieved with clips electrocautery and ultra modern vessel sealing energy devices. Bipolar electro coagulation of cystic artery is safe and a cost effective measure in developing countries. Our aim was to establish the feasibility of bipolar electrocautery in securing cystic artery. We conducted a prospective study on 120 patients in different age and sex groups. Correctable co morbidities were not a contraindication to inclusion criteria. Anatomical variations in size, origin and number of cystic artery were noted.
The effect of processing and storage on Klanceng honey (Tetragonula laeviceps)
Authors: Budianto Budianto , Kusmardini Diah , Feri Zefki Okta , Arifin Muh Jaenal , Suparmi Anik , Kristiani Kiki 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Klanceng honey (Tetragonula laeviceps) is in great demand because of its benefits. There is no information on the expiration date of the Klanceng honey. Objective. To predict the shelf life of Klanceng honey by evaluating the effect of heating (40 ºC / 48 h and 70 ºC / 7 h) and storage for two years. Materials and methods. The analysis was carried out three times (2020, 2021, and 2022) at the National Innovation Research Agency Laboratory, Jakarta, Indonesia. Samples of Klanceng honey (Tetragonula laeviceps) were taken from a bee farm in Magetan, East Java, Indonesia. The sample (5 kg) was divided into 3: without heating process (UT), heating at 40 ºC / 48 h (T1), and heating at 70 ºC / 7 h (T2). Then analyzed the activity of HMF, diastase, invertase, acid phosphatase (AP), glucose oxidase (GO), DPPH, honey color, and phenolic at 0, 12 and 24-months. Results. The results showed that short heating at high temperature (70 ºC / 7 h) had a greater impact on decreasing enzyme activity compared to prolonged heating at low temperature (40 ºC / 48 h). Storage had a major impact on the increase of 5-hydroxymethyl (furan)-2-carbaldehyde (HMF) compared to the heating process. During storage (24-months) the HMF value exceeded the maximum limit. Conclusions. The HMF value (55.33 ± 0.57 mg/kg) exceeded the maximum allowable limit (max 40 ppm), this was due to the significant effect of heating on T2 and the storage process. The shelf life of Klanceng honey was two years, as long as it was not heated to high temperatures (70 ºC).
Towards better understanding of the complex industrial systems: Case of production systems
Authors: Jemai Hajer , Badri Adel , Fredj Nabil Ben 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGrowth of the world population and the globalization of trade are the origins of the fourth industrial revolution, called “Industry 4.0”. What engineers call systems are becoming more and more complex as businesses strive to stay competitive and meet ever-changing demand. While automation and information digitization and transmission technologies are increasingly becoming major assets in modern industries, the changes they bring are having an impact on the management of occupational health and safety.The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the progress achieved in the understanding of complex systems and to test some of the published theory by comparing it to a case study. The major scientific databases were searched to retrieve the literature on complexity, and a large company in the steel products business was queried to determine how its complexity as perceived by its managerial staff compares to the theory of complex systems.Our main conclusion is that, based on the data gathered in the case study, the perception that the managerial staff has of the company corresponds closely to the current definition of complex systems as proposed by researchers. However, it remains to be determined whether this correspondence holds over the range of business sizes.
Patrimonio controversial, identidad, territorio y emociones: el lugar de los “miedos identitarios”
Authors: De la Montaña Conchiña Juan Luis 
Published: March 2023

En el presente artículo de fundamento teórico tratamos de introducir el concepto de “miedo identitario” en el ámbito de las Ciencias Sociales escolares, especialmente en la Educación Patrimonial y relacionarlo con la línea de investigación que se centra en el estudio en las aulas de los patrimonios controversiales. El patrimonio controversial busca fomentar el pensamiento crítico del alumnado con respecto al pasado histórico, representado en el patrimonio, y otras cuestiones socioambientales relevantes. La tipología de este patrimonio fomenta la crítica y el debate, pero además tiene conexiones con identidades, territorios y emociones.
Los miedos identitarios agrupan los posibles miedos sociales individuales o colectivos subyacentes en la sociedad y surgen cuando se considera que elementos identitarios y territoriales son cuestionados. Además, suelen responder a intensas emociones. Patrimonio controversial y miedos identitarios aparecen asociados toda vez que el elemento patrimonial posee una elevada carga identitaria e incluso emocional. Las sociedades de la posverdad, el fácil y acrítico acceso a una información deformada al trabajar este tipo de patrimonio en el aula puede generar en el alumnado tensiones, conflictos, un cuestionamiento no fundamentado e incluso resistencias que pueden alterar o reducir el valor de una educación patrimonial integral.
Sosyo-Politik Gelişmişlik ve Çevre Göstergeleri
Authors: ALTINSOY Abdulkadir 
Published: March 2023

Sosyo-politik gelişmişlik; toplumsal, ekonomik ve meka nsal o zellikler açısından; eg itim, sag lık,
altyapı, iletişim, ulaşım, konut, çevre gibi temel hizmetlerin sunulma du zeyinin, asgari standartların
u stu nde olması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sosyo-politik gelişmişlig e ilişkin deg erlendirmeleri o znel
ve nesnel olarak iki grupta kategorize edebiliriz. Kişisel deg erlendirmeler temel alınarak
gerçekleştirilen yaklaşımlar o znel yaklaşım, bilimsel açıdan o lçu lebilen veriler temel alınarak
gerçekleştirilen yaklaşımlar nesnel yaklaşım olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Gelişmişlig in o lçu lmesine
yo nelik gerçekleştirilen çalışmalarda farklı sonuçlar elde edilse de o znel go stergelerin de
gereklilig inin nesnel go stergelerden daha az olmaması yo nu nde go ru ş birlig i bulunmaktadır. Bu
dog rultuda çalışmada uluslararası kuruluşlar, uluslararası şirketler ve ulusal kuruluşların sosyopolitik gelişmişlik o lçu mlerinde kullandıkları endeksler tanıtılmıştır. Endekslerin belirlenmesinde
literatu r taraması yo ntemi kullanılmıştır. Sosyo-politik gelişmişlik kavramı altında deg erlendirilen
çevre go stergeleri bu tu nleşik sosyal politika kapsamında incelenmiştir.
TheK−MSlope: A Potential Supplement forb-Value
Authors: Li Linxuan , Luo Gang , Liu Mian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe b-value of the Gutenberg–Richter law describes the relationship of size and frequency distribution of earthquakes. Its variations may be related to stress state, hence has been used for short-term earthquake forecasting. However, estimation of b-value faces many uncertainties, making it difficult to interpret b-value changes as tectonic signals or statistical artifacts. Some recent studies have suggested that the b-values of some seismic catalogs are proportional to the K−M slope (KMS) obtained from the visibility graph analysis. If confirmed, the KMS may provide additional constraints to the b-value and its variations. In this study, we used synthetic seismic catalogs that obey various probability distributions to demonstrate that the proportional relationship between KMS and b-value is universal and stable, and that the KMS/b ratio is dependent on the catalog size. We found that the KMS estimation can perform better than the commonly used b-value estimation methods, especially when the catalogs are incomplete or have variations in the magnitude–frequency relations. We proposed an improved KMS method to ensure that the KMS value provides pure magnitude information and is not affected by the occurrence time or orders of the events. We used the KMS to estimate the spatiotemporal variations of b-value in the northeastern Tibetan plateau; the results are consistent with those derived from traditional b-value estimation methods. We suggest that the KMS can be used as a verification of or a supplement to the b-value.