bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational Insights and Design of Promising Ultrathin PdM Bimetallenes for Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis
Authors: Chen Yuping , Sun Fang , Tang Qing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBimetallic Palladium‐based catalysts as an alternative of Pt‐free electrocatalysts play a vital role in electrocatalysis. The doping of transition metal (M) into the ultrathin Pd nanosheets is new promising strategy to regulate the reactivity and durability of surface Pd sites. In this work, an in‐depth investigation of the origin oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and stability over 2D ultrathin PdM bimetallenes is presented. The M doping can greatly modify the reactivity of the Pd site by changing the local Fermi softness (SF(r)). All PdM bimetallenes follow the dissociative 4e− pathway, and a thorough screening identified several promising alternatives (PdTa, PdHf, PdZr, and PdNb) with much lower ORR overpotential than the pure Pd(111) metallene. The Pd–O bond length and the Fermi softness of surface Pd atoms are effective descriptors of the adsorption of O* key intermediates. The hetero‐metal induced ligand effect plays the key role for the activity improvement, which modifies the electronic properties and surface reactivity of Pd by the Pd−M orbital hybridization and result in the decline of bonding filling between Pd 3dz2 and O* 2p orbital. The computational insight provides useful guideline for future experimental realizations of bimetallic Pd‐based nanoalloys in ORR and other electrocatalytic reactions.
iCare4Me for FTD: A pilot randomized study to improve self‐care in caregivers of persons with frontotemporal degeneration
Authors: Massimo Lauren , Hirschman Karen B. , Aryal Subhash , Quinn Ryan , Fisher Lauren , Sharkey Michelle , Thomas Gladys , Bowles Kathryn H. , Riegel Barbara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionA tremendous burden is placed on frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) caregivers who sacrifice their own self‐care to manage the functional impairments of their loved one, contributing to high levels of stress and depression. Health coaching provides support for coping with stress while fostering self‐care behaviors. We report on preliminary evidence for efficacy of a virtual health coach intervention aimed at increasing self‐care.MethodsThirty‐one caregivers of persons with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) were assigned randomly to an intervention group, which included 10 coaching sessions over 6 months plus targeted health information or the control group receiving standard care augmented with the health information. Caregiver self‐care (primary outcome), stress, depression, coping, and patient behavioral symptoms were collected at enrollment and 3 and 6 months. Change over time was evaluated between the intervention and control groups using linear mixed‐effects models.ResultsThere was a significant group‐by‐time interaction for self‐care monitoring (t58 = 2.37, p = 0.02 and self‐care confidence (t58 = 2.32, p = 0.02) on the Self‐Care Inventory, demonstrating that caregivers who received the intervention improved their self‐care over time. Behavioral symptoms were reduced in bvFTD patients whose caregivers received the intervention (t54 = –2.15, p = 0.03).DiscussionThis randomized controlled trial (RCT) shows promise for health coaching as a way to increase support that is urgently needed to reduce poor outcomes in FTD caregivers.
Biocellulose patch technique for fetoscopic repair of open spina bifida in twin pregnancy
Authors: Lapa D. A. , Acácio G. L. , Trigo L. , Goncalves R. T. , Catissi G. , Gato B. , Brandt R. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesTwin pregnancy is currently an exclusion criterion for prenatal repair of open spina bifida (OSB). The main objective of this study was to report on our experience of treating twin pregnancies with OSB using the skin‐over‐biocellulose for antenatal fetoscopic repair (SAFER) technique. We also discuss reconsideration of the current exclusion criteria for fetal OSB repair.MethodsEight fetuses with OSB from seven twin pregnancies underwent successful prenatal repair. Six pregnancies were dichorionic diamniotic with only one twin affected, and one was monochorionic diamniotic with both twins affected. Percutaneous fetoscopy was performed under CO2 insufflation of the sac of the affected twin. Neurosurgical repair was performed using a biocellulose patch to protect the placode, with the skin sutured to hold the patch in place, with or without a myofascial flap. Neurodevelopment was assessed using the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory scale in babies older than 6 months of adjusted age, whereas the Alberta scale was used for babies younger than 6 months of adjusted age.ResultsAll 14 fetuses were liveborn and none required additional repair. Gestational age at surgery ranged from 27.3 to 31.1 weeks, and gestational age at birth ranged from 31.6 to 36.0 weeks. Four out of eight affected twins developed sepsis, but had a good recovery. No sequela of prematurity was found in any of the unaffected twins. Short‐term neurodevelopment was normal in all evaluated unaffected twins (5/5) and in all but one affected twins (7/8). In the affected group, only one baby required ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement.ConclusionsPrematurity is frequent after fetal surgery, and the risk is increased in twin pregnancy. Nevertheless, prenatal surgery using the SAFER technique is feasible, with low risk to both twins and their mother when performed by a highly experienced team. Long‐term cognitive assessment of the unaffected twin is needed. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Forensic seized drug analysis: Current challenges and emerging analytical solutions
Authors: Joshi Monica , Sisco Edward 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, new challenges in seized drug analysis have pushed the limits of existing instrumentation and workflows. These challenges include increasing caseloads, complex samples containing previously unidentified substances, and evolving legal requirements. Traditional approaches to seized drug analysis—such as gas chromatography mass spectrometry, color tests, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy—can be insufficient for current challenges, motivating the community to explore new instrumentation or data analysis solutions. However, the road to validation, implementation, and adoption of new technologies and solutions can be arduous. In this overview, we discuss the major challenges facing the seized drug community that can be addressed by advances in analytical approaches and highlight some emerging techniques that have been or could be adopted by laboratories in the near‐term. We also discuss specific hurdles limiting the implementation and adoption of new techniques, and approaches to lower these barriers.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Controlled and Emerging Drug Compounds
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Emerging Technologies and Methods
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Presentation and Evaluation of Forensic Science Output
Hydro-Mechanical Effects and Cracking in Opalinus Clay
Authors: Cajuhi Tuanny , Haghighat Nima , Maßmann Jobst , Mollaali Mostafa , Sattari Amir S. , Ziaei-Rad Vahid , Ziefle Gesa , Nagel Thomas , Wuttke Frank , Yoshioka Keita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we investigate hydro-mechanical effects in the Opalinus Clay, especially those leading to cracking. We present a methodology comprising laboratory and field scale experiments, as well as the development and application of numerical approaches.
A threshold model of urban development
Authors: Vesperoni Alberto , Schweinzer Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe propose a simple model of distribution of economic activity across cities of endogenous size and number determined by individual incentives. The individuals populating our model are endowed with idiosyncratic entrepreneurial creativity, the realization of which requires urban agglomeration linked to a crowding cost. Focusing on the dynamics of urban development, our predictions include a U-shaped relation between well-known measures of urbanization and urban primacy, a hypothesis that we test empirically using World Bank data. Our findings complement a growing consensus on U-shaped relations between level and concentration of economic activity across a broad set of applications.
From thigh to pelvis: female genital prolapse repair with an autologous semitendinosus tendon transplant
Authors: Hornemann Amadeus , Weissenbacher Tobias , Hoch Benjamin , Franz Wolfgang , Lingwal Neelam , Suetterlin Marc , Holthaus Bernd 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis
The use of synthetic mesh for prolapse and incontinence surgery is discussed controversially and in several countries is either no longer used or permissible. Previous approaches with autologous tissue did not show from a patient´s perspective convincing long-term results. As there have been repeatedly significant complications with synthetic mesh, a new approach is urgently needed.
During orthopedics and trauma surgeries, tendons from the thigh have been used for decades to replace cruciate ligament. The procedure of tendon removal from the thigh is fast, easy to learn and morbidity is low. In addition, a long-term durability of the transplant ought to be expected. The objective of this investigation was to show our experience with a semitendinosus tendon instead of a mesh for genital prolapse repair.

Method
After the first successful attempts using such tendons in cervicosacropexy and pectopexy in patients with genital prolapse, we initiated a national multicenter study in 2020. Five German hospitals participated in order to determine the feasibility of cervicosacropexy with tendon tissue instead of mesh.

Result
Up until now, we have operated and observed 113 patients for at least 6 months and have seen stable results in terms of fixation of the apical compartment. The expected low morbidity at the donor site was also confirmed through subjective assessment of the patients (Knee and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score). Improvement of quality of life was confirmed after the procedure with the Short Form Health Survey 12, Version 2.0. The results of this multicenter study showed that the desired elevation of the apical compartment with tendon tissue can be achieved with low morbidity and without a synthetic mesh.

Conclusion
Women with uterine prolapse can be treated minimally invasively and with very low morbidity by using the semitendinosus tendon. The involvement of multiple (five) medical centers confirms that the technique is easy to learn and be transferred to other clinical centers.
Optimizing high-throughput viral vector characterization with density gradient equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation
Authors: Sternisha Shawn M. , Wilson Abraham D. , Bouda Emilie , Bhattacharya Akash , VerHeul Ross 
Published: May 2023

AbstractViral vector-based gene therapies and vaccines require accurate characterization of capsid species. The current gold standard for assessing capsid loading of adeno-associated virus (AAV) is sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation (SV-AUC). However, routine SV-AUC analysis is often size-limited, especially without the use of advanced techniques (e.g., gravitational-sweep) or when acquiring the multiwavelength data needed for assessing the loading fraction of viral vectors, and requires analysis by specialized software packages. Density gradient equilibrium AUC (DGE-AUC) is a highly simplified analytical method that provides high-resolution separation of biologics of different densities (e.g., empty and full viral capsids). The analysis required is significantly simpler than SV-AUC, and larger viral particles such as adenovirus (AdV) are amenable to characterization by DGE-AUC using cesium chloride gradients. This method provides high-resolution data with significantly less sample (estimated 56-fold improvement in sensitivity compared to SV-AUC). Multiwavelength analysis can also be used without compromising data quality. Finally, DGE-AUC is serotype-agnostic and amenable to intuitive interpretation and analysis (not requiring specialized AUC software). Here, we present suggestions for optimizing DGE-AUC methods and demonstrate a high-throughput AdV packaging analysis with the AUC, running as many as 21 samples in 80 min.
Impact of postoperative baseline MRI on diagnostic confidence and performance in detecting local recurrence of soft-tissue sarcoma of the limb
Authors: Goller Sophia Samira , Reidler Paul , Rudolph Jan , Rückel Johannes , Hesse Nina , Schmidt Vanessa Franziska , Dürr Hans Roland , Klein Alexander , Lindner Lars Hartwin , Di Gioia Dorit , Kuhn Isabella , Ricke Jens , Erber Bernd 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the impact of a postoperative baseline (PB) MRI on diagnostic confidence and performance in detecting local recurrence (LR) of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) of the limb.

Materials and methods
A total of 72 patients (8 with LR, 64 without LR) with primary STS of the limb were included. Routine follow-up MRI (1.5 T) at 6 and approximately 36 months (meanLR: 39.7 months; meanno LR: 34.9 months) after multimodal therapy or at time of LR were assessed by three independent readers using a 5-point Likert scale. Furthermore, the following imaging parameters were evaluated: presence of a mass, signal characteristics at T2- and T1-weighted imaging, contrast enhancement (CE), and in some of the cases signal intensity on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). U-test, McNemar test, and ROC-analysis were applied. Interobserver reliability was calculated using Fleiss kappa statistics. A p value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
The presence of a PB MRI significantly improved diagnostic confidence in detecting LR of STS (p < 0.001) and slightly increased specificity (mean specificity without PE 74.1% and with presence of PB MRI 81.2%); however, not to a significant level. The presence of a mass showed highest diagnostic performance and highest interreader agreement (AUC [%]; κ: 73.1–83.6; 0.34) followed by T2-hyperintensity (50.8–66.7; 0.08), CE (52.4–62.5; 0.13), and T1-hypointensity (54.7–77.3; 0.23). ADC showed an AUC of 65.6–96.6% and a κ of 0.55.

Conclusion
The presence of a PB MRI increases diagnostic confidence in detecting LR of STS of the limb.
Veränderungserleben von Patienten in der Konzentrativen Bewegungstherapie
Authors: Seidler Klaus-Peter , Hamacher-Erbguth Anke , Epner Alexandra , Grützmacher Swantje , Schreiber-Willnow Karin 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In Anlehnung an den im deutschsprachigen Raum etablierten Veränderungsfragebogen des Erlebens und Verhaltens (VEV-R-2001), der für die direkte Veränderungsmessung eingesetzt wird, wurde ein neuer Fragebogen (VEV-KBT) entwickelt. Dieser ist auf die Zielbereiche der Konzentrativen Bewegungstherapie (KBT) ausgerichtet. Neben der Identifikation von änderungssensitiven Items wurden folgende Fragen untersucht: (a) Welche Dimensionen liegen den Items des VEV-KBT zugrunde? (b) In welchem Ausmaß erfahren ambulante Patienten nach 3 Monaten KBT Veränderungen der allgemeinen Stimmung und im Beschwerdeerleben im Vergleich zu Veränderungen in den KBT-bezogenen Zielbereichen? (c) Erleben Patienten nach 3‑monatiger ambulanter KBT ein anderes Ausmaß an Veränderungen als unbehandelte Personen innerhalb eines 3‑monatigen Zeitintervalls und als Patienten mit einer mindestens einjährigen KBT-Therapiedauer? (d) Geht eine Verbesserung in den KBT-bezogenen Zielbereichen mit einer Verbesserung der allgemeinen Stimmung und des Beschwerdeerlebens einher?

Material und Methoden
Es wurden 3 Teilstichproben erhoben: 34 ambulante Patienten mit 3‑monatiger KBT-Behandlung, 94 ambulante Patienten mit einer mindestens einjährigen KBT-Behandlung und 93 unbehandelte Personen. Zur Beurteilung der subjektiven Beschwerden wurde eine Kurzform der Symptom-Checklist-90‑R verwendet, die aus 9 Items besteht. Die allgemeine Stimmung wurde mithilfe des VEV-R-2001 erfasst. Der VEV-KBT besteht aus 28 Items, die sich hauptsächlich auf das Erleben des eigenen Körpers und den Umgang mit dem eigenen Körper (im Kontakt mit anderen Menschen) beziehen.

Ergebnisse
Als änderungssensitiv konnten 19 Items des VEV-KBT identifiziert werden. Diesen Items liegt ein dominanter Hauptfaktor zugrunde. Ambulante Patienten verzeichnen bereits nach 3 Monaten KBT eine signifikante Verbesserung hinsichtlich ihres Beschwerdeerlebens und ihrer allgemeinen Stimmung sowie in den KBT-bezogenen Zielbereichen. Es ist eine hohe Korrelation des VEV-R-2001 mit dem VEV-KBT zu verzeichnen. Beide Erhebungsinstrumente weisen vergleichbare Effektstärken auf.

Schlussfolgerungen
Es gibt keine eindeutigen Hinweise darauf, dass die Differenzierung von KBT-bezogenen Zielbereichen in der direkten Veränderungsmessung eine besondere Relevanz hat. Dennoch stellt der VEV-KBT eine ökonomische Alternative zum VEV-R-2001 für die direkte Veränderungsmessung bei KBT-Behandlungen dar.
Roles for cerebellum and subsumption architecture in central pattern generation
Authors: Montgomery John C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWithin vertebrates, central pattern generators drive rhythmical behaviours, such as locomotion and ventilation. Their pattern generation is also influenced by sensory input and various forms of neuromodulation. These capabilities arose early in vertebrate evolution, preceding the evolution of the cerebellum in jawed vertebrates. This later evolution of the cerebellum is suggestive of subsumption architecture that adds functionality to a pre-existing network. From a central-pattern-generator perspective, what additional functionality might the cerebellum provide? The suggestion is that the adaptive filter capabilities of the cerebellum may be able to use error learning to appropriately repurpose pattern output. Examples may include head and eye stabilization during locomotion, song learning, and context-dependent alternation between learnt motor-control sequences.
Complete blood count parameters as biomarkers of retinopathy of prematurity: a Portuguese multicenter study
Authors: Fevereiro-Martins Mariza , Santos Ana Carolina , Marques-Neves Carlos , Guimarães Hercília , Bicho Manuel ,   GenE-ROP Study Group, Afonso Conceição , Ferreira Joana , Santo Rita Espírito , Teixeira Filipa , Rosa Rita , Carneiro Cristina Vaz , Ferreira Marta , Matos Teresa , Neiva Luísa , Pereira Sandra , Aires Sofia , Parreira Ricardo , Melnik Zuzana , Faria João , Teixeira Joana , Barros Pedro , Almeida Juliana , Malheiro Bruna , Rodrigues Patrícia Cunha , Albuquerque Luís , Freitas Alice , Barros Pedro , Kotchekova Nadezda , Freitas Rui , Silveira Ana Cristina , Ferreira Ana , Morais Benvinda , Teixeira Susana , Mota Mafalda , Guerra Maria , Coimbra Lúcia , Gigante João , Ferreira Muriel , Lapa Patrícia , Monteiro Madalena , Alfaiate Mário , Rodrigues Teresa , Pina Teresa , Rosário Marta , Silva Renato , Breda Jorge , Bazenga Filipa , Pinto João António 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate complete blood count (CBC) parameters in the first week of life as predictive biomarkers for the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods
Multicenter, prospective, observational study of a cohort of preterm infants born with gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks or birth weight < 1500 g in eight Portuguese neonatal intensive care units. All demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from the first week of life were collected. Univariate logistic regression was used to assess risk factors for ROP and then multivariate regression was performed.

Results
A total of 455 infants were included in the study. The median GA was 29.6 weeks, and the median birth weight was 1295 g. One hundred and seventy-two infants (37.8%) developed ROP. Median values of erythrocytes (p < 0.001), hemoglobin (p < 0.001), hematocrit (p < 0.001), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p < 0.001), lymphocytes (p = 0.035), and platelets (p = 0.003) of the group of infants diagnosed with ROP any stage were lower than those without ROP. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p = 0.044), red blood cell distribution width (RDW) (p < 0.001), erythroblasts (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p = 0.030), neutrophils-lymphocytes ratio (p = 0.028), and basophils (p = 0.003) were higher in the ROP group. Higher values of MCV, erythroblasts, and basophils remained significantly associated with ROP after multivariate regression.

Conclusion
In our cohort, the increase in erythroblasts, MCV, and basophils in the first week of life was significantly and independently associated with the development of ROP. These CBC parameters may be early predictive biomarkers for ROP.
De Garengeot’s hernia patients entirely treated laparoscopically: a safe and feasible alternative—a systematic review
Authors: Gómez-Portilla Alberto , Merino Elena , López de Heredia Eduardo , Gareta Alberto , Ojeda Montserrat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Less than 450 cases of femoral hernias containing the vermiform appendix have been published since De Garengeot’s first description. A laparoscopic treatment option opened 15 years ago seems reliable and safe. A literature review of all the patients who have benefited from this new therapeutic alternative is presented.

Methods
A systematic review using the German Society of Surgery’s recommendations was performed for De Garengeot’s hernias totally treated laparoscopically. Keywords searched included “De Garengeot hernia” OR “femoral hernia appendix” OR “crural hernia appendix.”

Results
Only 29 out of 225 De Garengeot hernia’s manuscripts were identified describing patients entirely treated laparoscopically: 25 patients by a transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair (TAPP) and 4 patients by a total extraperitoneal (TEP) procedure; 85.1% were females. The mean age was 71 years. Twenty-two patients had pre-operative imaging tests, sonography (2), computed tomography (14), or both (6). Nevertheless, only 56% had a preoperative diagnosis. Twenty-one cases required urgent treatment, while programmed surgery was possible in 7 instances. An appendix-sparing procedure could be done in 16% of the TAPPs. No postoperative complications occurred. The median hospital stay was 2.5 days.

Conclusions
The best surgical approach for a De Garengeot’s hernia is not defined, and many critical questions remain unanswered. A better understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this peculiar hernia will supply guidelines for clinicians who may encounter it hereafter. A fully laparoscopic approach seems perfectly safe and feasible for this entity, and it could be considered the first-line alternative if enough expertise is available.
The Universality of the Resonance Arrangement and Its Betti Numbers
Authors: Kühne Lukas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe resonance arrangement $$\mathcal {A}_n$$

A
n

is the arrangement of hyperplanes which has all non-zero 0/1-vectors in $$\mathbb {R}^n$$

R

n

as normal vectors. It is the adjoint of the Braid arrangement and is also called the all-subsets arrangement. The first result of this article shows that any rational hyperplane arrangement is the minor of some large enough resonance arrangement. Its chambers appear as regions of polynomiality in algebraic geometry, as generalized retarded functions in mathematical physics and as maximal unbalanced families that have applications in economics. One way to compute the number of chambers of any real arrangement is through the coefficients of its characteristic polynomial which are called Betti numbers. We show that the Betti numbers of the resonance arrangement are determined by a fixed combination of Stirling numbers of the second kind. Lastly, we develop exact formulas for the first two non-trivial Betti numbers of the resonance arrangement.