bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Joy of birds: the effect of rating for joy or counting garden bird species on wellbeing, anxiety, and nature connection
Authors: White Maria E. , Hamlin Iain , Butler Carly W. , Richardson Miles 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe feeding of garden birds is a popular and accessible means of connecting with wildlife in urban environments in the United Kingdom. Past research has found that the main motivations for feeding birds are psychological benefits, concern for bird welfare, and connecting to nature. This study explores whether a brief birdwatching activity impacts on wellbeing, anxiety, and nature connection. One hundred and fifty-six participants took part in a birdwatching activity, identifying the species that entered their garden during a thirty-minute period. Participants were randomly allocated to the ‘joy’ group, who rated their feeling of joy on seeing each species, or the ‘count’ group, who counted the number of birds of each species. Measures of wellbeing, state anxiety and nature connection were completed before and after the observation period. Both groups had improved wellbeing, anxiety, and nature connection, though decreases in anxiety were greatest for those in the joy group. These results suggest that activating a sense of joy heightens the psychological benefits of watching garden birds. These benefits and the strengthening of nature connections highlight the reciprocal relationship between humans and birds and the importance of actions towards healthy, sustainable urban ecosystems.
Pharmakogenetik neuer Glukosespiegelsenker: eine Chance für die Präzisionsmedizin?
Authors: Lehnich Anna-Therese , Rathmann Wolfgang 
Published: January 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Viele Diabetespatienten erreichen keine optimale glykämische Einstellung. Eine Verbesserung der Therapie könnte durch genetische Informationen erzielt werden. Es ist unklar, ob die Studienlage zu den neuen Glukosespiegelsenkern GLP-1-Rezeptor-Agonisten (GLP-1-RA [GLP: „glucagon-like peptide 1“]), DPP-4-Inhibitoren (DPP-4‑I [DPP: Dipeptidylpeptidase]) und SGLT-2-Inhibitoren (SGLT-2‑I [SGLT: Natrium-Glukose-Kotransporter [„sodium glucose linked transporter“]]) ausreicht, um genetische Auswirkungen auf den Therapieerfolg abzuschätzen.

Fragestellung
Es sollte geklärt werden, welche pharmakogenetischen Studien zu neuen Glukosespiegelsenkern bereits vorliegen und welche Evidenz sich in Bezug auf eine personalisierte Therapie ableiten lässt.

Material und Methoden
Mittels einer Literaturrecherche in PubMed® wurden Studien gesucht, in denen der Einfluss von genetischen Polymorphismen auf die metabolische Wirkung von GLP-1-RA, DPP-4‑I und SGLT-2‑I bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes analysiert worden war.

Ergebnisse
Bis Juli 2022 lagen 14 Studien zu DPP-4‑I, 9 Studien zu GLP-1-RA und 7 Studien zu SGLT-2‑I vor. Für den GLP-1-Rezeptor wurden Genvarianten gefunden, die bei einer Therapie mit DPP-4‑I oder GLP-1-RA zu einer geringeren Senkung des HbA1c (Glykohämoglobin) führten. Weitere Assoziationen zwischen Genvarianten und dem Ansprechen auf DPP-4‑I oder GLP-1-RA wurden beschrieben (ABCB1 [„ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1“ [ATP: Adenosintriphosphat]], CTRB1/2 [Chymotrypsinogen B1 bzw. B2], NAT2 [N-Acetyl-Transferase 2], TCF7L2 [„transcription factor 7 like 2“]), wobei es sich aber nur um Einzelstudien ohne Replikation handelte.
Das Ansprechen auf eine Therapie mit SGLT-2‑I wurde durch die untersuchten Polymorphismen nicht klinisch relevant verändert.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die bisher vorliegende Evidenz zur Pharmakogenetik neuer Glukosespiegelsenker reicht nicht aus, um daraus Empfehlungen im Sinne einer personalisierten Therapie abzuleiten. Eine verstärkte Berücksichtigung routinemäßig erhobener klinischer Parameter könnte einen Zwischenschritt auf dem Weg zur Präzisionsmedizin darstellen.
Multivendor fully automatic uncertainty management approaches for the intuitive representation of DME fluid accumulations in OCT images
Authors: Vidal Plácido , de Moura Joaquim , Novo Jorge , Ortega Marcos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDiabetes represents one of the main causes of blindness in developed countries, caused by fluid accumulations in the retinal layers. The clinical literature defines the different types of diabetic macular edema (DME) as cystoid macular edema (CME), diffuse retinal thickening (DRT), and serous retinal detachment (SRD), each with its own clinical relevance. These fluid accumulations do not present defined borders that facilitate segmentational approaches (specially the DRT type, usually not taken into account by the state of the art for this reason) so a diffuse paradigm is used for its detection and visualization. In this paper, we propose three novel approaches for the representation and characterization of these types of DME. A baseline proposal, using a convolutional neural network as backbone, another based on transfer learning from a general domain, and a third approach exploiting information of regions without a defined label. Overall, our baseline proposal obtained an AUC of 0.9583 ± 0.0093, the approach pretrained with a general-domain dataset an AUC of 0.9603 ± 0.0087, and the approach pretrained in the domain taking advantage of uncertainty, an AUC of 0.9619 ± 0.0073.
“I Had Bills to Pay”: a Mixed-Methods Study on the Role of Income on Care Transitions in a Public-Payer Healthcare System
Authors: Sachdeva Muskaan , Troup Amy , Jeffs Lianne , Matelski John , Bell Chaim M. , Okrainec Karen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Income disparities may affect patients’ care transition home. Evidence among patients who have access to publicly funded healthcare coverage remains limited.

Objective
To evaluate the association between low income and post-discharge health outcomes and explore patient and caregiver perspectives on the role of income disparities.

Design
Mixed-methods secondary analysis conducted among participants in a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Participants
Participants from a multicenter study in Ontario, Canada, were classified as low income if annual self-reported salary was below $29,000 CAD, or between $30,000 and $50,000 CAD and supported ≥ 3 individuals.

Main Measures
The associations between low income and the following self-reported outcomes were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression: patient experience, adherence to medications, diet, activity and follow-up, and the aggregate of emergency department (ED) visits, readmission, or death up to 3 months post-discharge. A deductive direct content analysis of patient and caregivers on the role of income-related disparities during care transitions was conducted.

Key Results
Individuals had similar odds of reporting high patient experience and adherence to instructions regardless of reported income. Compared to higher income individuals, low-income individuals also had similar odds of ED visits, readmissions, and death within 3 months post-discharge. Low-income individuals were more likely than high-income individuals to report understanding their medications completely (OR 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0–3.4) in fully adjusted regression models. Two themes emerged from 25 interviews which (1) highlight constraints of publicly funded services and costs incurred to patients or their caregivers along with (2) the various ways patients adapt through caregiver support, private services, or prioritizing finances over health.

Conclusions
There were few quantitative differences in patient experience, adherence, ED visits, readmissions, and death post-discharge between individuals reporting low versus higher income. Several hidden costs for transportation, medications, and home care were reported however and warrant further research.
Replication of Particle Trajectories in the Plasma Jet with Two Consecutive Residual Neural Networks
Authors: Bobzin K. , Heinemann H. , Dokhanchi S. R. , Rom M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the complexity of the multi-arc plasma spraying process in combination with the harsh ambient conditions, i.e., extremely high temperatures and velocities, the use of numerical analysis, such as modern methods from computational fluid dynamics (CFD), is unavoidable to gain a better understanding of the coating process. However, the tradeoff between the accuracy of the increasingly sophisticated CFD models and their computation time has always been a concern. This study presents a novel machine learning approach capable of predicting the temperatures, velocities, and coordinates of the in-flight particles in a plasma jet. To this end, two individual residual neural networks are trained consecutively with CFD simulation data sets, in a way that the deviations between the targets and predictions of the first network are used as additional inputs for the second network. The results for test data not used during the training of the networks reveal that the simulated particle trajectories in the plasma jet can be fully replicated by the developed machine learning approach. This indicates the potential of the approach to replace the CFD simulations of the plasma jet, which reduces the computation time from several hours to a few seconds.
A Homozygous PPP1R21 Splice Variant Associated with Severe Developmental Delay, Absence of Speech, and Muscle Weakness Leads to Activated Proteasome Function
Authors: Hentschel Andreas , Meyer Nancy , Kohlschmidt Nicolai , Groß Claudia , Sickmann Albert , Schara-Schmidt Ulrike , Förster Fabian , Töpf Ana , Christiansen Jon , Horvath Rita , Vorgerd Matthias , Thompson Rachel , Polavarapu Kiran , Lochmüller Hanns , Preusse Corinna , Hannappel Luis , Schänzer Anne , Grüneboom Anika , Gangfuß Andrea , Roos Andreas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPPP1R21 acts as a co-factor for protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), an important serine/threonine phosphatase known to be essential for cell division, control of glycogen metabolism, protein synthesis, and muscle contractility. Bi-allelic pathogenic variants in PPP1R21 were linked to a neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, and brain abnormalities (NEDHFBA) with pediatric onset. Functional studies unraveled impaired vesicular transport as being part of PPP1R21-related pathomechanism. To decipher further the pathophysiological processes leading to the clinical manifestation of NEDHFBA, we investigated the proteomic signature of fibroblasts derived from the first NEDHFBA patient harboring a splice-site mutation in PPP1R21 and presenting with a milder phenotype. Proteomic findings and further functional studies demonstrate a profound activation of the ubiquitin–proteasome system with presence of protein aggregates and impact on cellular fitness and moreover suggest a cross-link between activation of the proteolytic system and cytoskeletal architecture (including filopodia) as exemplified on paradigmatic proteins including actin, thus extending the pathophysiological spectrum of the disease. In addition, the proteomic signature of PPP1R21-mutant fibroblasts displayed a dysregulation of a variety of proteins of neurological relevance. This includes increase proteins which might act toward antagonization of cellular stress burden in terms of pro-survival, a molecular finding which might accord with the presentation of a milder phenotype of our NEDHFBA patient.
Partially Oxidative Torrefaction of Woody Biomass Pellets: Burning Behaviour and Emission Analysis
Authors: Riaz Sajid , Al-Abdeli Yasir M. , Oluwoye Ibukun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNon-conventional torrefaction under partially oxidative conditions is an emerging cost-effective thermochemical pre-treatment method to improve the quality of biomass for energy applications. The literature lacks data on the combustion of biomass torrefied under oxygen-deficient atmosphere with actual reactor conditions (inevitable non-uniformities in the thermal environment). In this work, a dual mode fixed-bed biomass (torrefaction) reactor and combustor was operated on Australian biomass pellets, to torrefy the fuels at 275 °C for 30 min using partially oxidative atmosphere (O2: 5 vol%, balance N2) and then to combust them. Combustion behaviour with a particular focus on gaseous emissions of raw, blended (25% torrefied), and torrefied (100%) pellet fuels in a batch-type combustor was investigated. The decomposition behaviour was analysed in a thermogravimetric analyser to understand the impact of biomass constituents on the direct combustion of the tested samples. Results indicate that unlike the combustion of raw biomass, the fuels torrefied under partially oxidative conditions burned 45% faster, attained high packed-bed temperatures (1382 °C) and exhaust gas temperatures (657 °C) then latter (bed: 1128 °C, exhaust: 574 °C) at similar airflow. Additionally, 100% torrefied pellets emitted 38% less NOx compared to raw biomass pellets. However, low CO values for torrefied biomass were attained at higher primary airflows compared to raw. The combustion of 100% torrefied biomass in a fixed-bed was dominated by both flaming and smouldering phases with a modified combustion efficiency (MCE) value of 91%, whereas raw biomass combustion occurred in flaming phase with an MCE value of 98% at same airflow (0.35 kg·m−2·s−1). The outcomes of this work provide useful insights into the viability of using biomass fuels torrefied under partially oxidative conditions alongside other industrial processes generating (waste) heat and flue gases.
Burial taphonomy and megalithic ritual practices in Iberia: the Panoría cemetery
Authors: Vílchez Suárez Miriam , Aranda Jiménez Gonzalo , Díaz-Zorita Bonilla Marta , Robles Carrasco Sonia , Sánchez Romero Margarita , Milesi García Lara , Esquivel Sánchez Francisco Javier 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOur ability to build precise narratives regarding megalithic funerary rituals largely depends on an accurate understanding of bone assemblage formation. The cemetery of Panoría offers an excellent opportunity for exploring the ritual variability through the study of funerary taphonomy, as four of the nine recently excavated dolmens are remarkably well-preserved. Based on a multi-proxy approach that includes the contextual archaeological features, skeletal preservation and representation indexes, taphonomic processes, and radiocarbon chronology, three main ritual practices can be outlined: (i) primary sequential inhumations followed by the differential in situ decomposition of skeletal remains; (ii) the selective removal of crania and long bones; and (iii) the curation of subadult crania and probably long bones. The use-life of tombs, the intensity of mortuary depositions, and the intentional protection of specific bones appear as key aspects for understanding the variability in bone assemblage formation.
Formulation study of duloxetine hydrochloride enteric-coated tablets
Authors: Guowei Jiang , Zhihui Cao , Yuhan Zhang , Yongjun Meng , Qingqing Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDuring storage, duloxetine hydrochloride may have an unexpected cross reaction with enteric coated acrylic resin, which may affect the product quality. Solve the problem of cross-reaction between the Duloxetine enteric-coated tablets core and coated enteric materials and improve the quality of the products. Duloxetine enteric-coated tablets’ core formulation and isolation layer prescription were designed and compared with duloxetine enteric-coated tablets sold on the market. Then, we measured the dissolution rate, content, and releasing rate of prepared duloxetine enteric-coated tablets. In the formulation of tablets core, prescription 3 had advantages in particle mobility, disintegration time, and dissolution rate. Prescription 5 was stable during the coating process, and the dissolution residue in the cup was relatively good, showing obvious dissolution advantages. Thus, prescription 5 was selected as the isolation layer prescription. The most suitable adhesive for the preparation of Duloxetine hydrochloride enteric-coated tablets was povione K30 dissolved in ethanol solution with 1/2 of the prescription amount. When 1.3 g colloidal silica was added to the prescription and the dosage of magnesium stearate was 1.48 g, the dissolution rate of the drug could be relatively improved. The ratio of sucrose and talc was 138/8.7, which could effectively configure the coating solution with a solid content of 15–20% to make the coating smooth.
The Contractile Response to Oxytocin in Non-pregnant Rat Uteri Is Modified After the First Pregnancy
Authors: Porta Maura , Boening Amber , Tiemann Jonathan , Zack Adam , Patel Arjun , Sondgeroth Korie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDuring pregnancy, the uterus undergoes several modifications under the influence of hormonal and mechanical stimuli. We hypothesize that while most of these modifications are reverted during involution, some of the physiological properties of the uterus are permanently altered. To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted motility experiments to evaluate the contractility response of uterine tissue samples from non-pregnant virgin and proven breeder female rats to oxytocin (10−10 to 10−5 M). We found that the virgin tissue contracts more robustly than proven breeder tissue in the absence of oxytocin, yet with oxytocin, proven breeder samples displayed a significantly higher increase in activity. These results could depend on a more elevated expression of oxytocin receptor and/or on an alteration in the intracellular pathways affected by the activation of the oxytocin receptors. Here, we explored the impact of some structures involved in the management of intracellular calcium on the dose response to oxytocin recorded from virgin and proven breeder uterine strips. Specifically, we replicated the dose response experiments in low extracellular calcium (10 μM), in the presence of the intracellular calcium channel blocker ruthenium red (10 μM), and in the presence of the sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATP-ase pump inhibitor, cyclopiazonic acid (10 μM). The results of these experiments suggest that also the expression of proteins that control intracellular calcium availability is affected by the experience of pregnancy. Molecular biology experiments will give us more detail on the magnitude of these expression changes.
Impact of face masks and sunglasses on attractiveness, trustworthiness, and familiarity, and limited time effect: a Japanese sample
Authors: Takehara Takuma , Kaigawa Mahiro , Kobayashi Aika , Yamaguchi Yuuka 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany studies conducted after the COVID-19 pandemic have examined the relationship between changes in social traits, such as attractiveness and wearing face masks. However, most studies examine the effect of wearing face masks at a single time point, and the time effect is not known. Additionally, few studies address wearing sunglasses, another facial occluding item. This study examined the effects of facial occluding (unoccluded face, face masks, sunglasses, or both) on perceived attractiveness, trustworthiness, and familiarity at two time points, September 2020, six months after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and April 2022, almost two years later, using Japanese higher and lower attractive faces. Results showed that only lower attractive faces wearing face masks had a time effect on attractiveness and familiarity and no time effect on social traits in higher attractive faces. Perceived all social traits were the highest for unoccluded faces, and faces wearing face masks had the same level of attractiveness and familiarity as unoccluded faces. Perceived trustworthiness was higher for unoccluded faces, faces wearing face masks, sunglasses, and both sunglasses and face masks, respectively. Additionally, faces wearing both sunglasses and face masks had the lowest perceived all social traits. These findings suggest that the positive and time effects of wearing face masks are limited in Japan, suggesting a greater positive impact of unoccluded faces. They also suggest that the negative impact of wearing sunglasses is significant.
Antimicrobial physician and pharmacist experience and perception of an antimicrobial Self-Stewardship Time-Out Program (SSTOP) intervention at eight Veterans’ Affairs medical centers
Authors: Goedken Cassie Cunningham , Butler Jorie M. , Judd Joshua , Brown Nui , Rubin Michael , Goetz Matthew Bidwell 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe explored experiences and perceptions surrounding the Self-Stewardship Time-Out Program (SSTOP) intervention across implementation sites to improve antimicrobial use. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with Antibiotic Stewardship physicians and pharmacists, from which 5 key themes emerged. SSTOP may serve to achieve sustainable promotion of antibiotic use improvements.
Up-glacier propagation of surface lowering of Yala Glacier, Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Sunako Sojiro , Fujita Koji , Izumi Takeki , Yamaguchi Satoru , Sakai Akiko , Kayastha Rijan Bhakta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe quantify the surface elevation changes along Yala Glacier in Langtang Valley, Nepal Himalaya, since 1981 using geodetic methods to understand the recent evolution and current state of small debris-free glaciers across the region. We analyse differential global positioning system measurements and aerial stereo imagery that were acquired along Yala Glacier in 2007, 2009, 2012 and 2015 to generate digital elevation models for each calculation period. Continuous surface lowering has mainly been observed across the down-glacier area during the calculation periods, although a large degree of variability exists, with this lowering trend propagating up-glacier in recent years. The area-weighted glacier mass balances range from −0.98 ± 0.27 to −0.26 ± 0.30 m w.e. a−1 for the five calculation periods (1981–2007, 2007–2009, 2009–2012, 2012–2015 and 2007–2015). These calculated mass-balance data reveal that Yala Glacier has undergone accelerated mass loss since the late 2000s, which is consistent with the results of previous in situ measurement and remote-sensing studies.
Characteristics of ipsilateral, contralateral and bilateral masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential in healthy adults
Authors: Thirusangu V P , Sinha S K 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to characterise the ipsilateral, contralateral and bilateral masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential using clicks and 500 Hz tone burst stimuli in healthy adults.MethodMasseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential was recorded from 20 healthy participants aged 19–28 years (11 males and 9 females). Masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential was recorded using 500 Hz tone burst and click stimuli in ipsilateral, contralateral and bilateral modes.ResultsA statistically significant difference was observed between ipsilateral and contralateral stimulation for p11 latency, n21 latency and p11-n21 amplitude for both click and 500 Hz tone burst stimuli. The amplitude of the p11-n21 complex was higher for ipsilateral, contralateral and bilateral stimulations for 500 Hz tone burst than for click stimulus.ConclusionThis study showed a significant difference for p11-n21 amplitude between click and 500 Hz tone burst evoked masseter vestibular-evoked myogenic potential. In addition, bilateral stimulation elicited a larger response than ipsilateral and contralateral stimulation.