bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transfer Learning in Natural Language Processing: A Survey
Authors: Dhyani Bijesh 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Transfer learning is a discipline that is expanding quickly within the realm of natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning. It is the application of previously learned models to the solution of a variety of problems that are connected to one another. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of transfer learning techniques in NLP, focusing on five key classification algorithms: (1) BERT, (2) GPT, (3) ELMo, (4) RoBERTa, and (5) ALBERT. We discuss the fundamental concepts, methodologies, and performance benchmarks of each algorithm, highlighting the various approaches taken to leverage pre-existing knowledge for effective learning. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the latest advancements and challenges in transfer learning for NLP, along with promising directions for future research in this domain.
Evaluate the Performance of Transformational Leadership of the Selected Employees
Authors: Negi Rakshit 
Published: May 2023

The research set out to determine how much impact transformative leadership had on worker output by asking the following questions: The government of India was the site of this investigation. The study's overarching goals were to determine the impact of idealistic influence on worker productivity, the value of inspiring motivation, the value of intellectual stimulation, and the value of customized attention in boosting worker productivity. Using a descriptive research strategy, this study analyzed data from across India's individual counties. There were a total of 197 participants in the survey, including 61 county officials, heads of departments, and 136 permanent workers. This research used a probability methodology known as stratified random sampling, which took into account the different types of counties and how they are organized administratively. For the selection of county administrators and department heads, a purposeful sampling method was utilized, whereas a simple random sample method was used for the selection of county workers with permanent positions. Cranach's alpha was used to analyze the consistency between responses to check the reliability of the questionnaire. Employee performance was positively correlated with idealized influence, suggesting that fostering idealized influence might boost productivity. The standards for performance are set by higher-ups. The study's goal is to assess the effects of transformational and transactional leadership on the efficiency of workers in Southeast Province's Education Department.
Secure E- Voting System Using Encryption Technique
Authors: Singh Kamred Udham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The potential of electronic voting to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the voting process is immense. However, its security and privacy are still a major concern. Traditional methods of securing such systems, such as digital signatures and public key cryptography, are not always ideal when it comes to safeguarding the confidentiality of ballots. In this paper, we introduce a novel method for securing electronic voting ballots that utilizes homomorphic encryption. This method allows for the computation of ballots without needing decryption. The proposed e-voting system is composed of three servers. The first one is an e-voting server that stores the voter's information before it is sent to the tallying or decryption server. The latter two are used to calculate the total vote count and decrypt it. To evaluate the performance of this proposed system, we performed a series of tests on its various components. These included its execution time, memory usage, CPU usage, and communication overhead. The results of the tests revealed that the proposed system is secure and can maintain acceptable performance levels. The proposed system's accuracy and robustness are comparable to that of conventional e-voting systems. Its ability to withstand attacks is greatly enhanced by implementing homomorphic encryption. The proposed e-voting system we presented exhibited the security and privacy benefits of homomorphic encryption. By enabling computations on encrypted data without needing decryption, it helps protect the ballot's confidentiality and provides reliable and accurate results.
Design Of Energy Efficient and Secure Routing Protocol for Wsn in Iot
Authors: Singh Kamred Udham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes an energy-efficient and secure routing system for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed routing protocol improves packet delivery ratio, end-to-end latency, and network lifetime over existing protocols. The protocol under consideration reduces node energy consumption, increasing the network's lifetime, while ensuring data security. Simulation studies using several metrics evaluate the proposed procedure. The recommended protocol outperforms existing protocols in energy efficiency and security. The protocol under discussion has several IoT applications, including smart agriculture, healthcare monitoring, and environmental monitoring. It ensures reliable and secure data transfer. This paper introduces a novel routing system that addresses energy saving and security in wireless sensor networks and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Overview of Localiation Techniques in WSN
Authors: Singh Kamred Udham 
Published: May 2023

The present paper offers a comprehensive survey of localization methodologies employed in the context of wireless sensor networks (WSN). The process of localization plays a crucial role in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) by providing the means to ascertain the spatial coordinates of sensor nodes, thereby enabling the deployment of diverse applications. Localization techniques can be categorised into four main types: range-based, range-free, hybrid, and machine learning-based techniques. Every method possesses its own set of merits and demerits, and the selection of a particular technique is contingent upon the precise demands of the given application.
The present review article conducts a comparative analysis of various localization techniques, evaluating their efficacy with respect to precision, expenses, and intricacy. Range-based methodologies provide a superior level of precision, however, they may necessitate supplementary hardware and are susceptible to signal interferences.
The study's importance lies in its provision of a comprehensive resource for researchers and practitioners engaged in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). It offers valuable insights into the various localization techniques and their applications. Comprehending the various localization methodologies employed in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is imperative for devising and executing proficient and potent WSNs. The present review article aims to provide valuable insights to both researchers and practitioners in order to facilitate informed decision-making regarding the selection of an appropriate localization technique for their respective applications.
Bayesian Updating and Model Class Selection for Magnitude Estimation in Earthquake Early Warning: Application to Earthquake Sequences in Sichuan Region, China
Authors: Li Hongjie , Taflanidis Alexandros A. , Zhang Jianjing 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
A key component of earthquake early warning system is the development of an accurate and robust predictive model relating the recorded waveform to seismicity and ground-shaking characteristics. This article presents a probabilistic Bayesian inference methodology to address relevant sources of uncertainty in the development of such predictive models. We investigate the calibration of models for the earthquake magnitude based on the maximum predominant period, considering the Sichuan region of Southwestern China as a case study. Established approaches for developing predictive models in this context adopt deterministic tools for some aspects of this development. They consider a linear regression calibrated typically through least squares optimization and frequently utilize the mean observations for each event averaging across the data available from different stations. The proposed Bayesian learning accommodates the following improvements: a model class selection is established, comparing across different candidate models to promote the most appropriate from accuracy and robustness perspectives; the full posterior distribution of the model parameters is identified, quantifying relevant uncertainties in their values; a heteroscedastic model is considered for the estimation error variance; and the observations are separately considered at the calibration stage. Each of these improvements ultimately addresses a different source of uncertainty impacting the predictive model development. We utilize transitional Markov chain Monte Carlo for obtaining samples from the posterior and for calculating the evidence to perform the model class selection. Different regression models are examined, and the Bayesian-based model identification is compared against the common least squares identification approach. Results show the value added by comparing across the different models and by considering a heteroskedastic variance model, offering insights into the advantages of Bayesian-based predictive models in earthquake early warning applications.
Use of green area of Kastamonu: Case study of Clock Tower
Authors: SAKICI CIGDEM 
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study is to show which areas mainly prefered when the people want to carry out recreational activities in the Kastamonu city center and determine the appropriateness of this area for recreative activity. A questionnaire study was conducted with 100 randomly selected people in order to determine the most frequently used open green area in terms of recreational activity in Kastamonu and the results showed that 89% of the participants prefer the Clock Tower. Thus Clock Tower was determined as a research area in this study. It is revealed the current state of the Clock Tower in scope of the study, plants are used in this area and the purpose of use of these plants is determined and how frequently users use this area and the reasons for not frequent use. In addition, activities that are effected in the area and changes in mood after using the area. The second survey study was conducted on users of the area consisting of 118 people. It is revealed space features existing at Clock Tower and events area identified after that space features that users want to be in this area and events areas. Thus, the aim of the area is to determine the users' expectations and the deficiencies and problems in this area.
ACİL SERVİSTE İDRAR YOLU ENFEKSİYONU İÇİN BAŞLANAN AMPİRİK ANTİBİYOTİK İLE KÜLTÜR ANTİBİYOGRAM DUYARLILIĞININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: ÇAKIR Adem , ACAR Hüseyin 
Published: May 2023

Giriş ve Amaç: Üriner sistem enfeksiyonları (ÜSE) hem ayaktan hem de yatarak tedavi edilen en yaygın enfeksiyonlardan biridir. Tedavide antibiyotik kullanımı ve antibiyotiklere olan direnç git gide artmıştır. Çalışmamızda, acil serviste ayaktan tedavi edilen ÜSE olgularına reçete edilen antibiyotik ile kültür antibiyogramındaki direnç/duyarlılık düzeylerini karşılaştırmayı ve literature katkı sağlamayı amaçladık.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmamız retrospektif ve tek merkezli bir çalışmadır. Çalışma dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 1503 hasta ile yapıldı. Olguların demografik verileri, laboratuvar verileri ve klinik verileri daha önceden oluşturulmuş çalışma formuna kaydedildi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi için p
Correlation of White Matter Lesions Severity and Age in Ischemic Stroke at Siloam Jember Hospital
Authors: Heni Fatmawati  , Celly Afifah Pramono  , Muhammad Afiful Jauhani  , Azham Purwandhono  , Ali Santosa  
Published: May 2023

White matter lesions is a disease that is often found in stroke patients and is associated with an increased risk of stroke. In addition, WML is often referred to as a degenerative disease. Stroke is one of the diseases with a high prevalence in Indonesia, including in East Java. Stroke is also often associated with increased age. The most common cause of stroke is due to ischemia in the brain. The research conducted was observational analytical research with a cross-sectional research design. The data used in the study was a medical record of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. WML severity degrees are differentiated using the Fazekas scale. The study was conducted on 60 samples. The results showed a significant and positive relationship with a p-value of 0.016 and a correlation coefficient of 0.31. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the severity of WML and increased age in chronic stroke patients at Siloam Hospital Jember with the strength of the relationship between the two variables is weak.

Keywords : White Matter Lesions, Ischemic Stroke, Age, MRI, Fazekas
Correspondence : fatmawatiheni@unej.ac.id
Uncovertebral Joint Fusion Versus End Plate Space Fusion in Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Sheng Xia-Qing , Yang Yi , Ding Chen , Wang Bei-Yu , Hong Ying , Meng Yang , Liu Hao 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The uncovertebral joint is a potential region for anterior cervical fusion. Currently, we are aware of no clinical trials on human uncovertebral joint fusion (UJF). The purpose of this study was to compare the time it took to achieve osseous union/fusion and the clinical efficacy of UJF to end plate space fusion (ESF)—i.e., traditional anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)—in anterior cervical surgery.

Methods:
Patients with single-level cervical spondylosis were recruited from April 2021 through October 2022 and randomly divided into the UJF and ESF groups, with 40 patients in each group. Autologous iliac bone was used for bone grafting in both groups. The primary outcome was the early fusion rate at 3 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included the prevalence of complications and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for arm and neck pain.

Results:
A total of 74 patients (92.5%) with an average age of 49.8 years (range, 26 to 65 years) completed the trial and were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups at baseline. The operative duration and intraoperative blood loss were also comparable between the 2 groups. The fusion rate in the UJF group was significantly higher than that in the ESF group at 3 months (66.7% compared with 13.2%, p < 0.0001) and 6 months (94.1% compared with 66.7%, p = 0.006) after the operation. No significant difference was found in the fusion rate between the 2 groups 12 months postoperatively. Overall, the PROMs significantly improved after surgery in both groups and did not differ significantly between the groups at any follow-up time point. The prevalence of complications was not significantly different between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
In our study of anterior cervical fusion surgery, we found that the early fusion rate after UJF was significantly higher than that after ESF.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Optimalisasi Potensi Wakaf Tunai sebagai Penggerak Bisnis Melalui Pengembangan Fintech Wakaf di Era Digitalisasi
Authors: Risma Khoirun Nazah  
Published: May 2023

Nowadays technological development is progressing very rapidly. Almost every line of life has been digitalized, this can be seen by the emergence of many technology-based applications that facilitate human activities. The rise of this trend also impacts waqf, especially cash waqf. If in the past waqf was only based on land for the construction of mosques, burial ground, or educational institutions but now waqf can also be in the form of cash. One of the digitalization systems that is being developed in the field of waqf is the waqf financial technology system. The existence of this system can facilitate prospective waqf in having a waqf and can increase the interest of the community which incidentally does not intend to endowments to be interested in parenting. In addition, funds from cash waqf can drive the economy by bringing up a start-up business for those mauquf alaih.
Dewasa ini, perkembangan teknologi mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Hampir di setiap lini kehidupan telah terdigitalisasi, hal tersebut dapat terlihat dengan banyaknya bermunculan aplikasi berbasis teknologi yang mempermudah aktivitas manusia. Maraknya trend tersebut juga berimbas pada wakaf, tak terkecuali wakaf tunai. Apabila dahulu wakaf hanya berbasis tanah untuk pembangunan masjid, tanah pemakaman, atau lembaga pendidikan, namun sekarang wakaf juga dapat berbentuk tunai. Salah satu sistem digitalisasi yang tengah dikembangkan pada bidang perwakafan adalah sistem Financial Technology (FinTech) wakaf. Dengan adanya sistem tersebut dapat mempermudah calon wakif dalam berwakaf serta dapat meningkatkan minat masyarakat yang semula tidak berniat untuk wakaf menjadi tertarik untuk berwakaf. Selain itu, dana hasil wakaf tunai dapat menggerakkan perekonomian dengan memunculkan suatu bisnis start-up bagi mauquf alaih.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Intensi Masyarakat Membayar Infak dan Sedekah melalui E-Wallet
Authors: Atmaja Anton , Amri Muhtadin 
Published: May 2023

Few people know that infaq and alms payments can be made through e-wallets. So, this study aims to examine and analyze the factors influencing people's intentions to pay infaq and alms through e-wallets. This research is expected to be a reference for the community regarding infaq and alms payments through e-wallets. It can assist infaq and alms managers in finding good strategies for increasing infaq and alms collection through e-wallets. This study uses quantitative methods, data collection techniques using questionnaires via Google form, and snowball sampling techniques. This study also uses SEM-PLS data analysis techniques with the help of Smart PLS 3.3.3 software. The results of this study are that there is a positive and significant influence from personal, psychological, cultural, and social factors on people's intentions to pay infaq and alms through e-wallets. Thus, it can be concluded that personal, psychological, cultural, and social factors can determine people's intentions to pay infaq and alms through e-wallets.
Saat ini masyarakat belum banyak yang mengetahui bahwa pembayaran infak dan sedekah bisa melalui e-wallet. Maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi intensi masyarakat dalam pembayaran infak dan sedekah melalui e-wallet. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan untuk masyarakat terkait pembayaran infak dan sedekah melalui e-wallet, dan dapat membantu pengelola infak dan sedekah untuk menemukan strategi yang baik dalam meningkatkan penghimpunan infak dan sedekah melalui e-wallet. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner melalui google form, serta teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan snowball sampling. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan teknik analisis data SEM-PLS dengan bantuan software Smart PLS 3.3.3. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari faktor pribadi, psikologi, kebudayaan, dan sosial terhadap intensi masyarakat dalam pembayaran infak dan sedekah melalui e-wallet. Dengan demikian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa faktor pribadi, psikologi, kebudayaan, dan sosial dapat menentukan intensi masyarakat untuk membayar infak dan sedekah melalui e-wallet.
High-Temperature-Resistant Thermal Shape Memory Polymers as Lost Circulation Materials for Fracture Formations
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Sun Jinsheng , Liu Fan , Bai Yingrui , Wang Ren , Geng Yuan , Li Yongjian , Liu Ce 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Lost circulation during the drilling of fractured formations is one of the most challenging engineering problems. Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been used as lost circulation materials, but most of them are not resistant to high temperatures. In this study, a high-temperature-resistant thermal shape memory epoxy resin (SME) was synthesized by conducting an orthogonal experiment using the glass transition temperature (Tg) as an index. The Tg of the SME synthesized by using the optimum formula was 124℃. This SME had good thermal stability, and its compression and tension stresses were 94.2 and 58.8 MPa, respectively. In addition, the thickness swelling ratio (Rrc) of the SME was optimized by performing another orthogonal experiment, and the Rrc of the SME prepared by using the optimized formulation (OSME) was 78.8%. The OSME did not swell at 25–150℃ in water, brine, or base fluid. The total size reduction percentage of the OSME was 1.7% after aging at 150℃, whereas that of a nutshell was 10.7%, indicating that OSME particles had better compression and temperature-resistance performance. The shape memory ratio (Rc) of the OSME was 6, 70, and 100% at 80, 120, and 125℃ after being heated for 50 minutes, respectively, and it was fully activated in 5 minutes at 150℃. The breakthrough pressure of the plugging mud with or without the OSME was 15 MPa at 25, 80, 120, and 150℃ when plugging the wedge fracture model with an inlet/outlet width of 3/1 mm. However, when plugging the wedge fracture model with an inlet/outlet width of 5/2 mm, the plugging slurry with the OSME could withstand a pressure of 3, 5, and 15 MPa at 80, 120, and 150℃, respectively, and the plugging mud with conventional lost circulation materials could bear a pressure of below 3 MPa at 80, 120, and 150℃. These results indicated that the OSME had good plugging and thermosensitive performance. OSME particles matched better with the fracture size, owing to their elastic and shape memory performance at above Tg. They migrated and bridged in fractures, aggregated and filled the pore space with other lost circulation materials, and formed a dense plugging layer at above Tg. Thus, the synthesized SME is a promising material for plugging high-temperature fracture formations while drilling.
Chicken nuclear DNA in chicken egg whites
Authors: Zyrianova Irina M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Poultry eggs contain high-quality proteins, fat, vitamins, and minerals necessary for human nutrition as food and ingredients in the food industry. Egg whites have exceptional foaming, emulsifying, gelling, and heat setting properties, making them popular for use in baked goods. Intensive study of egg whites to date has now settled on a stable opinion that there are no cells, and no DNA, in them. However, this study demonstrates the possibility of chicken nuclear DNA extraction from outer thin whites of chicken eggs.