bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Already current practice? A snapshot survey on doxycycline use for prevention of sexually transmitted infections in parts of the German MSM community
Authors: Hornuss Daniel , Mathé Philipp , Usadel Susanne , Zimmermann Stefan , Müller Matthias , Rieg Siegbert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Recent studies point toward a potential benefit of doxycycline use for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Although prescribing doxycycline in a prophylactic intention is not generally recommended yet, we noticed an increasing number of inquiries from individuals within the LGBTQ community for doxycycline prescriptions.

Methods
We conducted an anonymous online survey to evaluate the current extent of doxycycline use for PEP or PrEP within the LGBTQ community using REDCap electronic data capture tools. Participants gained access to the online survey through a QR code on posters in the premises of our STI outpatient department and at LGBTQ community-related events in the south-western region of Germany. Additional access was provided by a direct link shared on social media profiles for men having sex with men (MSM), transgender, and queers.

Results
96 of 99 responses were eligible for analysis. Twenty-two participants (23%) indicated to have already used doxycycline for PEP and six participants (6%) used doxycycline for PrEP. The majority of participants used pills left over from previous doxycycline treatment. Forty percent of indicated modes of access were without a regular prescription, e.g., by provision from acquaintances (with or without healthcare profession) or by ordering online.

Conclusion
Our study shows that the concept of doxycycline use for prevention of STIs is already well known and applied in the LGBTQ community. Further analysis, especially modeling studies, are needed to evaluate strategies aiming to reduce doxycycline intake (PEP/PrEP versus repeated targeted therapies) and improve sexual health outcomes within the community.
Efficacy of educational interventions in adolescent population with feeding and eating disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Ladrón-Arana Sergio , Orzanco-Garralda Rosario , Escalada-Hernández Paula , Aguilera-Serrano Carlos , Gutiérrez-Valencia Marta , Urbiola-Castillo Jordi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Educational interventions are a key element in the care of young patients with feeding and eating disorders, forming part of the majority of therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is to evaluate the impact of educational interventions in adolescents with feeding and eating disorders.

Methods
Following the PRISMA recommendations electronic databases were searched up to 29 June 2023. Studies related to educational interventions in young population diagnosed with feeding and eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, bulimia nervosa, pica and ruminative disorders and binge- eating disorder) in Spanish and English language, without temporal limitation, were located in the databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CUIDEN, DIALNET, and ENFISPO. A search in the databases of grey literature was performed in OpenGrey and Teseo. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020167736).

Results
A total of 191 articles were selected from the 9744 citations screened. Ten publications were included. The results indicated variability between educational programs, including individual and group interventions, learning techniques and various research methodologies. Variables such as learning, attitudinal and perceptual changes, anthropometric parameters, symptom improvement, normalization of eating patterns, evaluation of the program and cognitive flexibility were identified. The risk of bias was high due to the low methodological quality of a large number of studies analyzed.

Conclusion
The results indicate that educational interventions can influence the improvement of knowledge level and have a positive effect on health outcomes. Although education is a common practice in the treatment of these pathologies, high-quality studies were not identified. Thus, this review concludes that additional evidence is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of educational programs, with further research studies, especially randomized controlled trials, to confirm these results.

Level of evidence
Level I: Systematic review.
Dynamic warning zone and a short-distance goal for autonomous robot navigation using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Montero Estrella Elvia , Mutahira Husna , Pico Nabih , Muhammad Mannan Saeed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRobot navigation in crowded environments has recently benefited from advances in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approaches. However, it still presents a challenge to designing socially compliant robot behavior. Avoiding collisions and the difficulty of predicting human behavior are crucial and challenging tasks while the robot navigates in a congested social environment. To address this issue, this study proposes a dynamic warning zone that creates a circular sector around humans based on the step length and speed of humans. To properly comprehend human behavior and keep a safe distance between the robot and the humans, warning zones are implemented during the robot’s training using deep enforcement learning techniques. In addition, a short-distance goal is established to help the robot efficiently reach the goal through a reward function that penalizes it for going away from the goal and rewards it for advancing towards it. The proposed model is tested on three state-of-the-art methods: collision avoidance with deep reinforcement learning (CADRL) , long short-term memory (LSTM-RL), and social attention with reinforcement learning (SARL). The suggested method is tested in the Gazebo simulator and the real world with a robot operating system (ROS) in three scenarios. The first scenario involves a robot attempting to reach a goal in free space. The second scenario uses static obstacles, and the third involves humans. The experimental results demonstrate that the model performs better than previous methods and leads to safe navigation in an efficient time.
Influence of thyroid autoimmunity at various clinical stages of hypothyroidism on the risk of miscarriage before 20 weeks of gestation
Authors: Gameil Mohammed Ali , Marzouk Rehab Elsayed , Elsebaie Ahmed Hassan , Arafat Ahmed Abd EL-Hakim , El-Ghany Mohammed Ibrahim Abd 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to clarify the influence of thyroid autoantibodies at various clinical stages of hypothyroidism on the risk of pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation.

Methods
We enrolled 230 pregnant women with a history of recurrent miscarriage. Detailed clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory testing of thyroid function, antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin (anti-TG) were applied among all participants.

Results
Coexisting overt hypothyroidism and positive thyroid autoantibodies quadrupled the risk of miscarriage in women before 20 weeks of gestation (OR 4.04, 95% CI = 2.08–7.96, P < 0.001). Women with subclinical hypothyroidism (OR 1.44, 95% CI = 0.81–2.57, P = 0.132,) or who were euthyroid (OR 1.53, 95% CI = 0.86–2.73, P = 0.094) showed a non-significant risk of miscarriage even with positive thyroid autoantibodies. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was positively correlated with the number of miscarriages rather than anti-TPO (P < 0.001 and 0.209, respectively).

Conclusion
Coexistence of overt hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity was the only significant driver of pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation.
Sliding mode control of antagonistically coupled pneumatic artificial muscles using radial basis neural network function
Authors: Nguyen Viet-Thanh , Pham Bao-Long , Nguyen Thi-Van-Anh , Bui Ngoc-Tam , Dao Quy-Thinh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study presents a novel approach to enhance the control of Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM) systems by combining Sliding Mode Control (SMC) with the Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) algorithm. PAMs, when configured antagonistically, offer several advantages in creating human-like actuators. However, their inherent nonlinearity and uncertainty pose challenges for achieving precise control, especially in rehabilitation applications where control quality is crucial for safety and efficacy. To address these challenges, we propose an RBF-SMC approach that leverages the nonlinear elimination capability of SMC and the adaptive learning ability of RBFNN. The integration of these two techniques aims to develop a robust controller capable of effectively dealing with the inherent disadvantages of PAM systems under various operating conditions. The suggested RBF-SMC approach is theoretically verified using the Lyapunov stability theory, providing a solid foundation for its effectiveness. To validate its performance, extensive multi-scenario experiments were conducted, serving as a significant contribution of this research. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed controller compared to conventional controllers in terms of convergence time, robustness, and stability. This research offers a significant contribution to the field of PAM system control, particularly in the context of rehabilitation. The developed RBF-SMC approach provides an efficient and reliable solution to overcome the challenges posed by PAMs’ nonlinearity and uncertainty, enhancing control quality and ensuring the safety and efficacy of these systems in practical applications.
On tube models of rubber elasticity: fitting performance in relation to sensitivity to the invariant I2
Authors: Kumar Gordon , Brassart Laurence 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the capability of micromechanical models of rubber elasticity to predict the deformation behaviour of soft materials under various modes of deformation. The free energy of individual chains is decomposed into a freely fluctuating chain contribution and a tube contribution representing topological constraints. Full-network averaging over all chain orientations is considered, along with three-chain and eight-chain approximations. The performance of various tube formulations is analysed in relation to their implicit (or in some cases explicit) dependence on the second invariant I2. We show that micromechanical models that involve the area-stretch of the macroscale continuum lead to I2 dependence when combined with the full-network averaging scheme, whereas micromechanical models that only involve the line-stretch of the continuum show much weaker I2 sensitivity. However, I2 sensitivity can emerge from line-stretch–based micromechanical models when three-chain averaging is used. Comparisons between model predictions and experimental data confirm the direct correlation between strong I2 sensitivity and fitting performance. Overall, our study suggests that micromechanical models of rubber elasticity should involve both the line-stretch and the area-stretch to elicit I2-dependent behaviour and reproduce experimental trends.
On four epibiotic peritrichous ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) found in Lake Weishan Wetland: morphological and molecular data support the establishment of a new genus, Parapiosoma gen. nov., and two new species
Authors: Wu Tong , Cheng Ting , Cao Xiao , Jiang Yaohan , Al-Rasheid Khaled A. S. , Warren Alan , Wang Zhe , Lu Borong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring a study on the diversity of ciliated protists in Lake Weishan Wetland, the largest wetland in northern China, four epibiotic sessilid peritrichs were isolated from aquatic host animals. Two of them, i.e.,Epistylis cambariKellicott, 1885 andEpistylis lwoffiFauré-Fremiet, 1943, were known species whereas the other two, i.e.,Parapiosoma typicumgen. nov., sp. nov. andOrborhabdostyla gracilissp. nov., are new to science. The new genusParapiosomagen. nov. is characterized by its branched non-contractile stalk, everted peristomial lip, obconical macronucleus and transverse silverlines. Two species are assigned to the new genus, namelyParapiosoma typicumsp. nov. andParapiosoma gasterostei(Fauré-Fremiet, 1905) comb. nov. Morphologically,P. typicumsp. nov. is recognized by its goblet-shaped zooids, single-layered peristomial lip, dichotomously branched stalk, and infundibular polykinety 3 (P3) containing three equal-length rows.Orborhabdostyla gracilissp. nov. is characterized by its slender zooid, curved macronucleus, and three equal-length rows in infundibular P3. Improved diagnoses and redescriptions ofE. cambariandE. lwoffiare provided including, for the first time, data on the ciliature ofE. cambari. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA, ITS1-5.8S rDNA -ITS2, and LSU rDNA sequence data strongly support the assertion that the family Epistylididae comprises morphospecies with different evolutionary lineages and indicate thatParapiosomagen. nov. may represent a new taxon at family level.
Changes in antibiotic prescribing by dentists in the United States, 2012–2019
Authors: Ramanathan Swetha , Yan Connie H. , Hubbard Colin , Calip Gregory S. , Sharp Lisa K. , Evans Charlesnika T. , Rowan Susan , McGregor Jessina C. , Gross Alan E. , Hershow Ronald C. , Suda Katie J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectives:Dentists prescribe 10% of all outpatient antibiotics in the United States and are the top specialty prescriber. Data on current antibiotic prescribing trends are scarce. Therefore, we evaluated trends in antibiotic prescribing rates by dentists, and we further assessed whether these trends differed by agent, specialty, and by patient characteristics.Design:Retrospective study of dental antibiotic prescribing included data from the IQVIA Longitudinal Prescription Data set from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019.Methods:The change in the dentist prescribing rate and mean days’ supply were evaluated using linear regression models.Results:Dentists wrote >216 million antibiotic prescriptions between 2012 and 2019. The annual dental antibiotic prescribing rate remained steady over time (P = .5915). However, the dental prescribing rate (antibiotic prescriptions per 1,000 dentists) increased in the Northeast (by 1,313 antibiotics per 1,000 dentists per year), among oral and maxillofacial surgeons (n = 13,054), prosthodontists (n = 2,381), endodontists (n = 2,255), periodontists (n = 1,961), and for amoxicillin (n = 2,562; P < .04 for all). The mean days’ supply significantly decreased over the study period by 0.023 days per 1,000 dentists per year (P < .001).Conclusions:From 2012 to 2019, dental prescribing rates for antibiotics remained unchanged, despite decreases in antibiotic prescribing nationally and changes in guidelines during the study period. However, mean days’ supply decreased over time. Dental specialties, such as oral and maxillofacial surgeons, had the highest prescribing rate with increases over time. Antibiotic stewardship efforts to improve unnecessary prescribing by dentists and targeting dental specialists may decrease overall antibiotic prescribing rates by dentists.
Leaking Rulers and Confidential Officials: Secrecy and Status in Early Chinese Political Culture
Authors: Habberstad Luke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article traces the spread of a norm of confidentiality within elite political culture during the Warring States, Qin, and Western Han periods. Instead of an emphasis on secrecy within military and administrative contexts, it explores discussions of “leaking” (xie 泄/洩 or lou 漏) and characterizations of “confidentiality” (zhou 周 and mi 密) in idealized representations of political action. While Warring States texts drew upon a medical language of qi circulation to fashion a model of a perfectly leakproof ruler, by Western Han attention had shifted from rulers to officials. This valorization of official confidentiality was connected to institutional developments, especially proscriptions against leaking from privileged spaces at the imperial court, visible in sources from the late Western Han. In this final period there arose a celebrated norm of circumspection, shared by rulers and officials alike, that in theory would allow all parties to evade disaster.
Decreased beta 1 (12–15 Hertz) power modulates the transfer of suicidal ideation to suicide in major depressive disorder
Authors: Jiang Chenguang , Huang Zixuan , Zhou Zhenhe , Chen Limin , Zhou Hongliang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground:Suicide prevention for major depressive disorder (MDD) is a worldwide challenge, especially for suicide attempt (SA). Viewing suicide as a state rather than a lifetime event provided new perspectives on suicide research.Objective:This study aimed to verify and complement SAs biomarkers of MDD with a recent SA sample.Methods:This study included 189 participants (60 healthy controls; 47 MDD patients with non-suicide (MDD-NSs), 40 MDD patients with suicide ideation (MDD-SIs) and 42 MDD patients with SA (MDD-SAs)). MDD patients with an acute SA time was determined to be within 1 week since the last SA. SUICIDALITY Part in MINI was applied to evaluate suicidality. Absolute powers in 14 frequency bands were extracted from subject’s resting-state electroencephalography data and compared within four groups. The relationship among suicidality, the number of SA and powers in significant frequency bands were investigated.Results:MDD-SIs had increased powers in delta, theta, alpha and beta band on the right frontocentral channels compared to MDD-NSs, while MDD-SAs had decreased powers in delta, beta and gamma bands on widely the right frontocentral and parietooccipital channels compared to MDD-SIs. Beta 1 power was the lowest in MDD-SAs and was modulated by the number of SA. The correlation between suicidality and beta 1 power was negative in MDD-SAs and positive in MDD-SIs.Conclusion:Reduced beta 1 (12–15 Hz) power could be essential in promoting suicidal behaviour in MDD. Research on recent SA samples contributes to a better understanding of suicide mechanisms and preventing suicidal behaviour in MDD.
Anaemia and iron deficiency associate with polymorphism TMPRSS6 rs855791 in Brazilian children attending day care centres
Authors: Silva Natalia Menezes , Lopes Mirella de Paiva , Schincaglia Raquel Machado , Coelho Alexandre Siqueira Guedes , Cominetti Cristiane , Hadler Maria Claret Costa Monteiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFe-deficiency anaemia is a major public health concern in children under 5 years of age. TMPRSS6 gene, encoding matriptase-2 protein, is implicated in Fe homoeostasis and has been associated with anaemia and Fe status in various populations. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the associations between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) TMPRSS6 rs855791 and biomarkers of anaemia and Fe deficiency in Brazilian children attending day care centres. A total of 163 children aged 6–42 months were evaluated. Socio-economic, demographic, biochemical, haematological, immunological and genotype data were collected. Multiple logistic and linear regressions with hierarchical selection were used to assess the effects of independent variables on categorised outcomes and blood marker concentrations. Minor allele (T) frequency of rs855791 was 0·399. Each copy of the T allele was associated with a 4·49-fold increased risk of developing anaemia (P = 0·005) and a 4·23-fold increased risk of Fe deficiency assessed by serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) (P < 0·001). The dose of the T allele was associated with an increase of 0·18 mg/l in sTfR concentrations and reductions of 1·41 fl and 0·52 pg in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), respectively. In conclusion, the T allele of SNP TMPRSS6 rs855791 was significantly associated with anaemia and Fe deficiency assessed by sTfR in Brazilian children attending day care centres. The effect was dose dependent, with each copy of the T allele being associated with lower MCV and MCH and higher concentrations of sTfR.
Kaehler submanifolds of the real hyperbolic space
Authors: Chion Sergio , Dajczer Marcos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe local classification of Kaehler submanifolds $M^{2n}$ of the hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^{2n+p}$ with low codimension $2\leq p\leq n-1$ under only intrinsic assumptions remains a wide open problem. The situation is quite different for submanifolds in the round sphere $\mathbb{S}^{2n+p}$, $2\leq p\leq n-1$, since Florit et al. [7] have shown that the codimension has to be $p=n-1$ and then that any submanifold is just part of an extrinsic product of two-dimensional umbilical spheres in $\mathbb{S}^{3n-1}\subset\mathbb{R}^{3n}$. The main result of this paper is a version for Kaehler manifolds isometrically immersed into the hyperbolic ambient space of the result in [7] for spherical submanifolds. Besides, we generalize several results obtained by Dajczer and Vlachos [5].
Trajectory planning of large redundant manipulator considering kinematic constraints and energy efficiency
Authors: Liu Zhenyu , Huang Yu , Liu Daxin , Guo Xuxin , Wang Ke , Tan Jianrong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor the large redundant manipulator, due to its long working distance and large mass, the number of links (i.e., manipulator’s arms) that can be driven to move simultaneously is limited. Otherwise, the control accuracy and motion stability of the manipulator will deteriorate. Focusing on that, a weighted Newton iteration (WNI) algorithm for trajectory planning of the manipulator is firstly proposed, where the motion of the manipulator joints is controlled by a weight matrix, which is constant and related to each link’s energy consumption. To dynamically adjust the weight matrix according to kinematic constraints and acquire better energy efficiency, an adaptive WNI (AWNI) algorithm is further proposed. In AWNI, the weight matrix is adjusted in real-time during the planning process, with considerations of the kinematic constraints and the energy consumption of the manipulator. The switch of the links between the working state and the non-working state is made through the weight matrix to achieve flexible control of the manipulator motion. Two evaluation functions are established to validate the effectiveness of AWNI in energy saving and motion stability control. Taking a 6 degrees of freedom (DOF) manipulator as an example, simulation experiments on trajectory planning are carried out and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed AWNI algorithm.