bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Game-based Learning to Provide Exposure to Specialty Fields
Authors: Solinski Mark A , Gantwerker Eric A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Phenomenon
Games and gamification in medical education have been purported to improve learning outcomes, learner satisfaction, and even patient outcomes. Pulm Ex is a mobile app-based game with rare and challenging general and interventional pulmonology patient scenarios. Our hypothesis was that medical students exposed to this game would show increased interest in procedural-based specialties and enhance their understanding of relevant medical concepts from their formal education.
Approach
Twenty-nine second-year medical students were randomly assigned into control or intervention groups. Both groups completed a pre and post-survey about their career interests, habits, and ability to recognize pulmonary pathology.
Findings
Compared to control, the intervention group reported a significant increase in knowledge and skill acquisition (p < 0.01, p < 0.003) as well as career interest (p = 0.04). Students reported that the virtual cases helped them understand the course material (60%) and enjoyed their experience with the app (80%).
Insights
Game-based learning offers students an opportunity to engage in the content that they are learning about in class in a novel way that has the potential to enhance their pre-clinical knowledge, increase their confidence to manage future patients, and may influence their career interests.
Evaluation of the effect of Mozart’s music on stress, anxiety, and dexterity levels of dental students in preclinical endodontic training using a haptic virtual reality simulator
Authors: Usta Sıla Nur , Gözükara Eda , Uğur-Aydın Zeliha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The transition period from theoretical education to the preclinical stage, which contains new educational models, poses challenges. Thus, this study aimed to assess the stress and anxiety levels of 3rd-year students in preclinical training along with their success rates under the background of Mozart's music using a haptic virtual reality simulator (HVRS).
Materials and Methods
Sixty 3rd-year dentistry students enrolled in preclinical endodontic training were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Participated students were randomly divided into two groups according to whether Mozart’s music was used as background music in the access cavity preparation of mandibular canine using HVRS. Stress and anxiety levels were evaluated with the Stress-VAS 1 and 2 scales and STAI S and T questionnaires, respectively. Manual dexterity was also measured based on the following parameters: target progress, accuracy, target volume, and outside volume. Data were analyzed with Fisher’s exact and Mann-Whitney U tests and the square of the Spearman linear coefficient.
Results
There was no statistically significant difference between genders regarding stress and anxiety levels (p > 0.05). Mozart’s music significantly reduced stress and anxiety levels and enhanced manual dexterity (p < 0.05). A significant negative association was observed between the target progress Stress-VAS 2 (p < 0.05), whereas correlation did not differ between accuracy and Stress-VAS 2 (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
The background Mozart's music positively affected stress and anxiety levels along with the manual dexterity of dentistry students in preclinical endodontic training using HVRS.
Clinical Significance:
Music therapy can be considered as a quality-improved element of preclinical endodontic training.
Optimal Electrical Vehicle to Grid Integration: Three Phase Three Level AC/DC Converter with Model Predictive controller based Bidirectional Power Management Scheme
Authors: Srivast Abhinav , Manas Munish , Dubey Rajesh Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The control and modelling of an electric Vehicle charging station with a three-level converter are discussed in this study from both the grid side and the EV side. The primary subject of discussion is the control systems for charging stations with a bidirectional DC/DC charging regulator and a three-level AC/DC power conversion. In order to manage the duty cycle of the converter during the AC-to-DC conversion stage, three alternative controller techniques—proportional-integral, proportional-integral-derivative, and model predictive controller are developed in this study. The goal of the study is to understand how these controller techniques impact the battery's charging and discharging processes in a bidirectional charging system. To evaluate and compare the different controller schemes, the researchers use simulation results and assess their performance based on various criteria including charging/discharging efficiency, voltage and current, battery state-of-charge regulation, and response time. The simulation results show that in terms of peak overshoot and settling time, the MPC controller performs better than the conventional Proportional-Integral and Proportional-Integral-Derivative controllers. The significance of the controller selection in bidirectional charging systems, emphasizing the benefits of using Model Predictive Control for better battery charging and discharging outcomes.
The impact of residential villages in a karstic watershed on numbers and diversity of nontuberculous mycobacteria
Authors: Modra Helena , Ulmann Vit , Gersl Milan , Babak Vladimir , Konecny Ondrej , Hubelova Dana , Caha Jan , Kudelka Jan , Falkinham Joseph Oliver , Pavlik Ivo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The impact of residential villages on the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in streams flowing through them has not been studied in detail. Water and sediments of streams are highly susceptible to anthropogenic inputs such as surface water flows. This study investigated the impact of 7 residential villages in a karst watershed on the prevalence and species spectrum of NTM in water and sediments. Higher NTM species diversity (i.e., 19 out of 28 detected) was recorded downstream of the villages and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) compared to sampling sites upstream (i.e., 5). Significantly higher pH and Zn concentration were detected in sediments inside the village and downstream of the WWTP’s effluents. P and Cu sediment concentrations were higher only downstream of WWTPs compared to sediments inside the settlement. The effluent from the WWTPs had a substantial impact on water quality parameters with significant increases in total N, P, anions (HCO3–, Cl–, N-NO3–, and N-NH3–), and cations (Na+ and K+). The results provide insights into NTM numbers and species diversity distribution in a karst watershed and the impact of urban areas. Although in this report the focus is on the NTM, it is likely that other water and sediment microbes will be influenced as well.
Prediction of the Compressive Strength of Jute fibre Reinforced Concrete: A Comparative Study of ANFIS, ANN, RF and RT models
Authors: Kashyap Veena , Poddar Arunava , Sihag Praveen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The estimation of compressive strength (CS) of jute fibre reinforced concrete (JFRC) is assessed with Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and Random Tree (RT). The present study determines the best-suited model to estimate the CS of JFRC. A total of 93 experimentation observations were extracted from the literature. 70% of random data was used for training and 30% as testing subsets. Models were formulated using different input combinations i.e., aspect ratio, % of fiber, and no. of curing days to predict the CS of JFRC. Correlation Coefficient (CC), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) were used to evaluate the performance of formulated models. The results showed that the RF model outperforms when compared with ANFIS, ANN, and RT models with CC (0.984, 0.912), RMSE (1.300, 2.641), and MAE (1.016, 2.162) for the training and testing stage.
Prediction of Prostate Cancer Risk Stratifications Based on A Non-Linear Transformation Stacking Learning Strategy
Authors: cao xinyu , Fang Yin , Yang Chunguang , Liu Zhenghao , Wu Xinglong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is an epithelial malignancy that occurs in the prostate gland and is generally classified into three risk categories: low, intermediate, and high risk. The most important diagnostic indicator for PCa is the measurement of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values, but this method can produce false positives leading to unnecessary biopsies, increasing the likelihood of invasive injuries. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an efficient and accurate method to predict PCa risk stratifications. Most current studies on predictions of PCa risk stratification based on clinical data generally perform only a dichotomy of low to intermediate and high risk. This paper proposed a novel machine learning (ML) approach based on a Stacking learning strategy to predict tripartite risk stratifications of PCa. Clinical records with features selected by Lasso were learned by five ML classifiers. Outputs of five classifiers were transformed by various nonlinear transformers (NT) and then, concatenated with the Lasso-selected features to obtain a set of new features. A Stacking learning strategy integrating different ML classifiers was developed based on these new features. Our proposed approach achieved superior performance with an accuracy (ACC) of 0.83 and an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.88 in a dataset of 197 PCa patients with 42 clinical characteristics. This study will better assist clinicians in rapidly assessing PCa risk stratifications while reducing patient burden through AI-related technologies in auxiliary diagnosis of PCa.
Monitoring spatio-temporal glaciers retreat and advances in Bhagirathi Basin, Gharhwal Himalayas using Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Sandhu Har Amrit Singh , Gusain Hemendra Singh , Arora Manoj , Cherubini Claudia , Singh Dhiraj Kumar , Tripathi Dhiraj 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In this study, 29 glaciers of the Bhagirathi basin, Garhwali Himalayas, have been monitored using remote sensing (RS) satellite images for more than a decade. Bhagirathi basin has sub-basins, namely Bhagirathi, Bhilangana, Pilang, Jahnvi, Jalandhari, and Kaldi. The glaciers area > 5 km2 has been considered apart from a few small glaciers to estimate glaciers retreat and advances. Landsat satellite images of 2000 and 2015 have been used to estimate areal extent change in glaciers. ASTER DEM has been used for extraction of glaciers terrain features such as elevation, slope, area, etc. It is observed from the analysis that Bhagirathi sub-basin has a maximum glaciated area of ~ 35% and Pilang has the least with ~ 3.2%, whereas Kaldi sub-basin has no glacier. In this region, out of 29 glaciers, 25 glaciers have shown retreat while 4 glaciers have shown advancement and resulting the total glacier area loss of ~ 0.5%, while the retreat rate varies from ~ 0.06 m/yr to ~ 19.4 m/yr. Dokarni glacier has maximum retreat rate (~ 19.4 m/yr), whereas, Dehigad has maximum advancing rate (~ 10.1 m/yr). Glaciers retreat and advance have also been analysed based upon terrain parameters and observed that north and south aspect orientations have shown retreat, whereas the area change is highly correlated with glacier length. The study covers more than 65% of the total glaciated area and as per our knowledge based on the existing literature; this is one of the initial exhaustive studies to cover the highest number of glaciers in all sub-basins of the Bhagirathi basin.
Inverse problems for climate policy mixes including geoengineering
Authors: Bodai Tamas , Lembo Valerio , Aneesh Sundaresan , Lee Sun-Seon , Ishuzu Miho , Franz Matthias O. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

There is a palpable shift in mainstream attitude towards geoengineering, seen now as a potential part of a climate policy mix. Still, no-one wants to get on a slippery slope, compounding the risks, and, therefore, we should ask ourselves what is the minimal geoengineering that we can get away with. Such questions lead mathematically to inverse problems. Solving them is feasible only with lightweight models of the climate system, various types of which are nowadays often referred to as emulators – some more accurate than others. Here we develop an emulator using nonlinear response theory and apply it to two paradigmatic inverse problems relevant to climate policy. First, we investigate the attainability of the coveted Paris15 temperature targets. Second, through a simple multi-stable model, we determine what it takes to save the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) as we know it. Our results suggest, first, that as things stand presently, solar radiation management geoengineering will likely have to be part of our climate policy mix. Second, we demonstrate also the importance of precisely knowing not only the stable but also the unstable so-called Melancholia states of climate tipping elements, such as the GrIS, as miscalculations can lead to acting too late.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Neonates
Authors: Bahar Muhammad Rahimi , Umboh Adrian , Gunawan Stefanus , Wilar Rocky , Rompis Johnny 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background. Acute kidney injury is a common problem in critically ill neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Critically ill neonates commonly have various risk factors for renal injury, including prematurity, asphyxia, sepsis, nephrotoxic drug exposure, dehydration and bleeding episode. We intended to analyze the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of acute kidney injury in neonates.
Method. This prospective cohort study was conducted at NICU of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, in August 2019 to January 2020. Subjects were neonates who had received parental consent to participate and was willing to fill out a research form. The data obtained were analyzed using the chi-square test to compare groups of categorical variables and logistic regression test to determine the potential for predictive covariates in acute renal injury. This study was conducted under the approval of the Health Ethics Committee of Prof. Dr. Dr. R.D. Kandou, Manado.
Result. This study found significant and strong association between sepsis and nephrotoxic drug exposure with acute kidney injury. Asphyxia with kidney disorders had strong relationship with renal injury. There was weak, significant association between respiratory distress and kidney injury. Meanwhile, bleeding and dehydration status were not significantly associated with kidney injury. Prematurity and acute kidney injury had significant negative relationship. From all the variables, sepsis, nephrotoxic drug exposure and prematurity were significantly associated with renal injury. This study also found weak association between acute kidney injury and mortality in critically ill neonates.
Frequency and Clinico-Radiological characteristics of Traumatic Thoracolumbar Fractures: An Institute-based Experience
Authors: Ayesha Shabih , Zaidi Syeda Mahrukh Fatima , Niaz Murk , Anis Zulqarnain , Khatri Adil , Mateen Urooba , Mohsin Muhammad , Khan Ateeq Ahmed , Imran Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Thoracolumbar fractures are the most common type of injuries seen in the emergency department in patients with spinal trauma. The incidence and characteristics of spinal fractures vary among different populations and regions.
Objective
To determine the frequency, demographics and clinic-radiological characteristics of patients with traumatic thoracolumbar fractures presenting to a level I trauma center in Karachi.
Methods
A total of 318 patients diagnosed with Thoraco-lumber fracture at Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Institute of Trauma, Karachi from 1st January 2022 till 31st December 2022 were included in this study. Their medical records were collected, and epidemiological data including age, sex, injury level, etiology, type of fracture, thoracolumbar AO spine injury score (TLAOSIS), McAfee class, and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale (AIS grade), were extracted.
Results
A total of 318 patients with TLF between January 2022 and December 20222 were included in the study with an incidence of 0.13 per 100,000. Majority of patients were males (66%). Injury mechanism was RTA in most of the cases (60.4%) followed by fall (35.8%), assault (1.9%) and other mechanisms (1.9%). Burst was the most common fracture type (56.6%), followed by compression (18.9%), flexion/distraction (13.2%), chance (9.4%), and burst-felxion/distraction (1.9%). The most common fracture level was L1, diagnosed in 96 patient (30.2) followed by D12 level (20.8) which was diagnosed in 66 patients out of 318.
Conclusion
There is sparse data available on traumatic thoracolumbar fractures from our population. The results will help in developing a basis for future studies, add to the epidemiological data on the subject, help in developing strategies to minimize the frequency of traumatic thoracolumbar fractures and in the long run, decrease the socioeconomic burden.
Kahve Solüsyonunun Rezin Matriks Seramiklerin Renk Değişimine Etkisi
Authors: ÇELİK Elif , KÜÇÜKEKENCİ Ahmet Serkan 
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; güncel olarak kullanılan üç farklı rezin matriks içerikli CAD/CAM seramiğe iki farklı polisaj işlemi uygulandıktan sonra kahve solüsyonda bekletmenin renk değişimine olan etkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üç farklı rezin matriks CAD/CAM bloktan [Polimer-infiltre ağ yapılı seramik (VE, VITA Enamic), Rezin nanoseramik (LU, Lava Ultimate), Nanopartikülle doldurulmuş nanoseramik (CE, Cerasmart)] toplam 60 örnek (1.5 mm ±0.01 kalınlıkta) hazırlandı (n=20). Hazırlanan örnekler polisaj işlemine göre iki alt gruba ayrıldı (n=10). Birinci gruba polisaj lastiği uygulanırken (D, Diapol Twist) diğer gruba polisaj diskleri uygulandı (S, Sof-Lex Disc). Örneklerin kahve solüsyonunda bekletmeden önceki (L0, a0, b0) ve beklettikten sonraki renk değerleri (L1, a1, b1) spektrofotometre cihazı (Vita EasyShade) ile CIE Lab renk sisteminde kaydedildi. Renk farklılıkları CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formülü ile hesaplandı. Elde edilen değerler iki yönlü varyans (ANOVA) ve Tukey’s çoklu karşılaştırma testleri ile analiz edildi.
Bulgular: İki yönlü varyans analizi sonucu sadece seramik tipinin renk değişikliği üzerine anlamlı farklılıklar oluşturduğu görüldü (p0.05). Bütün gruplarda klinik olarak kabul edilebilir değerin üzerinde renk değişikliği oluştuğu görüldü (ΔE00>1.8). İstatistiksel olarak en az renk değişikliği VE gruplarında görüldü (p
Diyabet ve Kök Kanal Enfeksiyonlarının İlişkisi
Authors: AKTEMUR TÜRKER Sevinç , CÖMERT Füsun 
Published: August 2023

Giriş: Endodontik enfeksiyonlar, periapikal dokuların enfeksiyonu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kök kanalında bulunan mikroorganizmaların ya da bu mikroorganizmaların toksinlerinin, enzimlerinin ve metabolitik ürünlerinin kök dışına (periapekse) invazyonu sonucu sert doku rezorpsiyonu ve periodontal ligamentin yıkım ile karakterize periapikal lezyon (apikal periododontitis) gelişmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda oral/periodontal enfeksiyon ve inflamasyonun çeşitli sistemik hastalıkların ve durumların gelişimini ve şiddetini etkileyen birer risk faktörü olduğu bildirilmiştir. Diyabet oral enfeksiyonlardan etkilenen yaygın görülen bu sistemik hastalıklardan biridir. Diyabetin oral ve periodontal sağlık ile ilgili olan ilişkisi literatürde geniş bir şekilde araştırılmıştır. Fakat periodontal enfeksiyonlara benzer özelliklere sahip endodontik enfeksiyonların diyabetik hastalarda izlediği patogenez, ilerleme ve iyileşme süreci henüz kesin olarak belirlenmemiştir.
Sonuç: Diyabetin endodontik enfeksiyonlarla olan ilişkisini bilmek, kök kanal tedavisinin teşhis, tedavi ve takibinde büyük önem taşımaktadır.
THE EFFECT OF POVIDONE IODINE AS AN ORAL ANTISEPTIC ON COLOR STABILITY OF DIFFERENT RESTORATIVE MATERIALS
Authors: BELEVCİKLİ Melek , ÇAKIR Edanur , KILIÇ Gamze 
Published: August 2023

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of povidone iodine on the color stability of different restorative materials.
Methods: In the study, ten discs (30 in total) of 8 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness were prepared with compomer (Dyract Extra, Dentsply, Germany), composite (Palfique estelite paste, Tokuyama, Japan) and glass ionomer cement (R&D Series Nova Glass-L, Imicryl, Konya, Turkey) materials. One surface of all samples was standardized under water with 800, 1000 and 1200 grid sandpapers, respectively. After the samples were kept in distilled water in closed containers, color measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer (VitaEasyshade, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany).
10 samples in each group were kept in 0.23% povidone iodine (Konix, Turkuaz health services, Istanbul, Turkey) for 1 minute. The surfaces of the samples were washed with distilled water to remove povidone iodine and dried with tissue paper. Color measurements of the samples were carried out with the help of spectrophotometer. Color change amounts were calculated in ΔE. The data were analyzed statistically with the Shapiro Wilk test, Anova and Post Hoc Tamhane test.
Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the ΔE measurement averages of the samples kept in povidone iodine according to the materials used (p
Fluorescent Bodipy Sensor for Trace Detection of Nerve Agents Simulant via
Supramolecular Approach
Authors: Santonocito Rossella , Cavallaro Alessia , Puglisi Roberta , Intravaia Manuelamaria , Toscano Rosa Maria , Pappalardo Andrea , Sfrazzetto Giuseppe Trusso 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The use of organophosphorus (OP) Nerve Agents (NAs) as chemical weapons still
represents a real danger for the safety of population threaten by conflicts or terrorist attacks. A
fast and easy-to-use detection of this hazardous gases could make the difference in emergency
state. Specifically, the possibility to develop a detection system involving an easily accessible
tool, such as a smartphone, is the driving force of the current research work. Due to the great
advantages related to the optical sensing, we here report two new BODIPY-based fluorescent
receptors for Dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) NA simulant, with one of the lowest
limit of detection. A solid sensor was then developed able to give an OFF/ON response to low
ppm concentration of DMMP gas, by using a common smartphone camera with an integrated
open-source processing software.