bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects on radius of curvature and refractive power of the cornea and crystalline lens by atropine 0.01% eye drops
Authors: Wang Yuliang , Liu Fang , Zhu Xingxue , Liu Yujia , He Ji C. , Zhou Xingtao , Qu Xiaomei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThe morphological changes in the cornea and crystalline lens have not been closely evaluated after the administration of atropine 0.01%. This study aims to evaluate the radii of curvature and refractive power of the cornea and lens in myopic eyes during atropine 0.01% treatment.MethodsChildren aged 6–14 years with myopia <−6.0 D were randomized to receive atropine 0.01% once nightly with single vision lenses or simply wear single vision lenses. Ocular biometric parameters were measured using the IOLMaster 700 biometry and the radii of corneal and lenticular curvature were simulated using a customized program.ResultsAt the 9‐month visit, 69 atropine‐treated eyes and 50 control eyes were included in the final analyses. In atropine‐treated eyes, the posterior corneal surface steepened (−0.05 ± 0.13 mm) and the anterior lenticular surface flattened (0.20 ± 0.69 mm) significantly within 3–6 months, whereas the posterior corneal surface and anterior lenticular surface gradually flattened (0.07 ± 0.23 and 0.32 ± 0.80 mm respectively) in the control eyes over 9 months. The difference in the change of corneal refractive power was significant between groups (−0.03 ± 0.18 D vs. 0.11 ± 0.24 D, p = 0.001), while that in the change of lenticular refractive power was statistically insignificant (0.01 ± 0.92 D vs. −0.22 ± 0.86 D, p = 0.161).ConclusionsThe administration of atropine 0.01% exhibited a clinically short and subtle impact on the cornea and lens, which may shed light on new targets of action for atropine in inhibiting myopia.
Prevalence of optic disc drusen: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and forecasting study
Authors: Mukriyani Hiwa , Malmqvist Lasse , Subhi Yousif , Hamann Steffen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOptic disc drusen (ODD) are calcium‐containing deposits in the optic nerve head, capable of causing visual field defects and sudden visual loss. The underlying pathophysiology remains inadequately understood and treatment options are missing. In this paper, we systematically reviewed prevalence studies of ODD in non‐selected populations to provide an overview of its prevalence, conducted meta‐analyses to determine modality‐specific prevalence estimates and performed a forecasting study to estimate current and future global population number of individuals with ODD. We searched 11 literature databases on 25 October 2022 for prevalence studies of ODD in non‐selected populations. Eight eligible studies provided data from a total of 27 463 individuals. Prevalence estimates were stratified according to diagnostic modalities: ophthalmoscopy 0.37% (95% CI: 0.10–0.95%), fundus photography 0.12% (95% CI: 0.03–0.24%), spectral domain optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging 2.21% (95% CI: 1.25–3.42%) and histopathology 1.82% (95% CI: 1.32–2.38%). Using histopathology‐based summary prevalence estimate, we forecast 145 million individuals with ODD currently, a number expected to increase further due to world population growth. These numbers underscore the importance of including ODD in health education and highlight the necessity of continuing research in ODD.
Blurring boundaries: Researching self‐tracking and body size through auto‐netnography
Authors: Fletcher Olivia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I use auto‐netnography data to explore my experiences of self‐tracking with my Apple watch to uncover some of the ways in which the materiality of self‐tracking led me to experience an intensified form of surveillance around my body. The paper contributes to literature within digital geographies which considers the blurring of online and offline boundaries. I consider this in relation to auto‐netnography and auto‐ethnography to question the distinction between the two. I contribute to debates in fat studies around the blurring of the personal and researcher identity when supporting the Health at Every Size Approach, furthering these debates by exemplifying how the materiality of self‐tracking can intensify feelings of guilt and shame when researching the body. The paper concludes with some ethical recommendations for self‐care in the research process, arguing that future research should consider how the researcher should hold space to deal with the unintended emotional consequences that may come from research.
Using gamification to support learning in K‐12 education: A systematic literature review
Authors: Dehghanzadeh Hojjat , Farrokhnia Mohammadreza , Dehghanzadeh Hossein , Taghipour Kiumars , Noroozi Omid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUsing gamification to support learning in K‐12 education has received much attention from scholars in recent years. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of how gamification should be used to effectively enhance the learning experiences of K‐12 students. The purpose of this review was to synthesize research findings on the use of gamification in K‐12 education and to propose an evidence‐informed framework. This framework will guide teachers and scholars in developing gamified learning environments that are effective in improving K‐12 students' learning. In this regard, 54 empirical studies (out of 907 peer‐reviewed articles), dating from 2008 through 2021, were reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. The findings were systematically categorized into four essential dimensions of learning environments inspired by Biggs' 3P teaching and learning model, ie, ‘individual factors’, ‘environmental factors’, ‘learning process’ and ‘learning outcome’. The review yielded rich findings concerning each dimension, providing K‐12 teachers and scholars with a comprehensive overview of research findings on using gamification for educational purposes. Meanwhile, the findings indicated the lack of empirical studies regarding constructively aligned gamified courses, in which the different dimensions of the adopted framework are implemented and evaluated coherently. The paper concludes by presenting several suggestions and directions for future research to address this shortcoming.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Gamification has demonstrated the potential to enhance learning outcomes in K‐12 education.
There are instances where the findings suggest neutral or negative effects of gamification on students' learning outcomes.
There is a lack of a comprehensive overview of empirical findings concerning the effectiveness of gamification in K‐12 education.
What this paper adds

The study highlights the potential of gamification in enhancing cognitive, affective and behavioural learning outcomes in K‐12 education, mainly by increasing motivation, engagement and competitiveness.
The study provides a comprehensive overview of empirical studies on using gamification in K‐12 education.
The study proposes an evidence‐informed framework that can serve as a blueprint for developing constructively aligned gamified learning environments for K‐12 education.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The study presents several up‐to‐date and empirically rooted calls for future research on using gamification in K‐12 education.
The study makes evidence‐based recommendations for the effective integration of gamification in K‐12 education.
Government of Canada's teleworking and hybrid policies in the aftermath of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Champagne Eric , Choinière Olivier , Granja Aracelly Denise 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article analyzes the evolution of teleworking and hybrid work policies in the public sector over the last two decades. It focuses on the Government of Canada, concentrating on the paradigmatic shifts brought about by COVID‐19, particularly the impact on the development of teleworking and the transformation of the workplace into a hybrid model. Based on a historical neo‐institutionalism approach, this article suggests that the pandemic has propelled the expansion of telework reforms, becoming a key driver in altering the application of both telework and hybrid policies. However, this article argues that, despite the general recognition in the effectiveness of telework and hybrid policies, there are still headways to be made, predominantly because there is still disagreement as to how these policies should be defined and ultimately applied in the federal public sector.
Interaction gene set between osteoclasts and regulatory CD4+ T cells can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Li Feicui , Tang Haijun , Luo Xiaoting , Li Xiangde , Luo Kai , Liu Shangyu , Liang Jiming , Liao Shijie , Zhong Chaoyi , Zhan Xinli , Wei Qingjun , Feng Wenyu , Liu Yun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOsteoclasts (OCs) and regulatory CD4+ T cells (CD4+Tregs) are important components in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of osteosarcoma. In this study, we collected six osteosarcoma samples from our previous study (GSE162454). We also integrated a public database (GSE152048), which included single cell sequencing data of 11 osteosarcoma patients. We obtained 138,192 cells and then successfully identified OCs and CD4+Tregs. Based on the interaction gene set between OCs and CD4+Tregs, patients from GSE21257 were distinguished into two clusters by consensus clustering analysis. Both the tumor immune microenvironment and survival prognosis between the two clusters were significantly different. Subsequently, five model genes were identified by protein–protein interaction network based on differentially upregulated genes of cluster 2. Quantitative RT‐PCR was used to detect their expression in human osteoblast and osteosarcoma cells. A prognostic model was successfully established using these five genes. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis found that patients in the high‐risk group had worse survival (p = 0.029). Therefore, our study first found that cell–cell communication between OCs and CD4+Tregs significantly alters TME and is connected to poor prognosis of OS. The model we constructed can accurately predict prognosis for osteosarcoma patients.
Therapeutic potential of pentamidine for glioma‐initiating cells and glioma cells through multimodal antitumor effects
Authors: Tamai Sho , Ichinose Toshiya , Jiapaer Shabierjiang , Hirai Nozomi , Sabit Hemragul , Tanaka Shingo , Kinoshita Masashi , Kobayashi Masahiko , Hirao Atsushi , Nakada Mitsutoshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlioma‐initiating cells, which comprise a heterogeneous population of glioblastomas, contribute to resistance against aggressive chemoradiotherapy. Using drug reposition, we investigated a therapeutic drug for glioma‐initiating cells. Drug screening was undertaken to select candidate agents that inhibit proliferation of two different glioma‐initiating cells lines. The alteration of proliferation and stemness of the two glioma‐initiating cell lines, and proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and survival of these two differentiated glioma‐initiating cell lines and three different glioblastoma cell lines treated with the candidate agent were evaluated. We also used a xenograft glioma mouse model to evaluate anticancer effects of treated glioma cell lines. Among the 1301 agents, pentamidine—an antibiotic for Pneumocystis jirovecii—emerged as a successful antiglioma agent. Pentamidine treatment suppressed proliferation and stemness in glioma‐initiating cell lines. Proliferation and migration were inhibited in all differentiated glioma‐initiating cells and glioblastoma cell lines, with cell cycle arrest and caspase‐dependent apoptosis induction. The in vivo study reproduced the same findings as the in vitro studies. Pentamidine showed a stronger antiproliferative effect on glioma‐initiating cells than on differentiated cells. Western blot analysis revealed pentamidine inhibited phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in all cell lines, whereas Akt expression was suppressed in glioma‐initiating cells but not in differentiated lines. In the present study, we identified pentamidine as a potential therapeutic drug for glioma. Pentamidine could be promising for the treatment of glioblastomas by targeting both glioma‐initiating cells and differentiated cells through its multifaceted antiglioma effects.
Characteristics and response cutoff of octreotide suppression test in thyrotrophin (TSH)‐secreting pituitary adenomas
Authors: Liu Jie , Yang Yamei , Duan Lian , Chai Xiaofeng , Zhu Huijuan , Deng Kan , Lian Xiaolan , Yao Yong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractContextSomatostatin analogs are recommended for preoperative therapy in thyrotrophin secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHomas). Octreotide suppression test (OST) was designed to differentiate TSHomas with resistance to thyroid hormones, while its ability to test the sensitivity of SSA has not been fully studied.ObjectiveTo test the sensitivity of SSA in TSHomas with OST.PatientsWe collected 48 pathologically confirmed TSHoma patients with complete 72 h’ data of OST into analysis.InterventionOctreotide suppression test.Main OutcomeSensitivity timepoint and cutoff of OST.ResultsDuring the entire OST, the TSH descended maximally 89.07% (73.85%, 96.77%), while the FT3 and FT4 declined slowly [43.40% (37.80%, 54.44%) and 26.59% (19.01%, 33.13%), respectively]. The 24th hour was the timepoint wherein the stability occurs for TSH, and the 48th hour for FT3 and FT4 during OST. In the patients who received both short‐ and long‐acting somatostatin analogs (SSA), the 24‐h timepoint was the most predictive timepoint for the percentage of TSH decline (Spearman's rank correlation analysis, r = .571, p < .001), while the 72‐h timepoint was optimal for predicting the magnitude of TSH decline (Spearman's rank correlation analysis, r = .438, p = .005). In the 24th timepoint, a positive correlation was also observed between TSH suppression rate and the percentage decrease and absolute value decrease of FT3 and FT4. Furthermore, in patients treated with long‐acting SSA, the 72‐h timepoint was optimal for predicting both the percentage (Spearman's rank correlation analysis, r = .587, p = .01) and magnitude (Spearman's rank correlation analysis, r = .474, p = .047) of TSH decline. The 24th hour was the optimal timepoint with 44.54% (50% of median value of TSH in 72‐hOST) decrease of TSH being the observing cutoff. The adverse effect of OST was predominantly occurred in the gastrointestinal system and no severe event occurred during OST. Paradoxical response could occur in OST and it did not influence the effect of SSA as long as sensitivity was confirmed. A high level of hormonal control was achieved in the SSA‐sensitive patients.ConclusionOST can be used as an efficient tool to guide the adequate use of SSA.
Unusual presentations of chronic graft versus host disease
Authors: Okorie Chiamaka L. , Salem Iman , Scripture Andrew J. , Simmons Brian J. , Momtahen Shabnam , Yan Shaofeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSkin is commonly affected by graft versus host disease (GVHD), a complication of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). One‐third of hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients develop acute eruption classically described as folliculocentric, maculopapular, or morbilliform, in contrast to the more common chronic presentations of sclerotic, poikilodermic, or lichenoid dermatitides. With the wider use of non‐myeloablative (reduced‐intensity) transplant therapy, various atypical presentations can occur, representing a diagnostic challenge. Herein, we report an unusual case of chronic GVHD manifested by two distinct clinical and histopathological features lacking the classical presentation. Five months after her BMT, the patient presented with a papulosquamous eruption on her neck, trunk, and arms showing a psoriasiform histopathological pattern of chronic GVHD. She also demonstrated multiple small flesh‐colored papules on her distal extremities showing a solitary syringotropic pattern of GVHD, demonstrated by interface dermatitis involving the superficial eccrine duct, as the only diagnostic histopathological feature of GVHD. This report, with review of literature, highlights the uncommon psoriasiform GVHD and the novel description of isolated syringotropic chronic GVHD.
The association between immigration status and the development of type 2 diabetes in women with a prior diagnosis of gestational diabetes: A population‐based study
Authors: Ho Jessica S. S. , Read Stephanie H. , Giannakeas Vasily , Sarma Shohinee , Berger Howard , Feig Denice S. , Fleming Karen , Ray Joel G. , Rosella Laura , Shah Baiju R. , Lipscombe Lorraine L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to examine the influence of immigration status and region of origin on the risk of type 2 diabetes in women with prior gestational diabetes (GDM).MethodsThis retrospective population‐based cohort study included women with gestational diabetes (GDM) aged 16 to 50 years in Ontario, Canada, who gave birth between 2006 and 2014. We compared the incidence of type 2 diabetes after delivery between long‐term residents and immigrants—overall, by time since immigration and by region of—using Cox regression adjusted for age, year, neighbourhood income, rurality, infant birth weight and presence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).ResultsAmong 38,515 women with prior GDM (42% immigrants), immigrants had a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes compared with long‐term residents (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.26), with no meaningful difference based on time since immigration. The highest adjusted relative risks of type 2 diabetes compared with long‐term residents were found for immigrants from Sub‐Saharan Africa (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.40–1.90), Latin America/Caribbean (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.28–1.62) and South Asia (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.25–1.44).ConclusionsImmigration is associated with a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes after GDM, particularly for women from certain low‐ and middle‐income countries. Diabetes prevention strategies will need to consider the unique needs of immigrants from these regions.
“(Pseudo)cavities inside the heart: What may they unfold?”
Authors: Campinas Andreia , Cabral Sofia , Rodrigues Patrícia , de Frias André Dias , Alexandre André , Couto David Sá , Gomes Catarina , Caiado Luísa , Torres Severo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSubvalvular aortic stenosis manifesting as a subaortic membrane predisposes to bacterial endocarditis, which typically affects the aortic valve (AoV) or, less frequently, the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). We present the case of a 60‐year‐old woman expressing an odd form of a subvalvular aortic membrane in conjunction with a left Valsalva sinus pseudoaneurysm as a result of an endocarditis complication.
Inclusive education for all: Principles of a shared inclusive ethos
Authors: Kohout‐Diaz Magdalena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article discusses paradoxes that, in theory and in practice, hinder the deployment of inclusive education. The first type of paradox is related to the confrontation between the humanist ideals conveyed by inclusive approaches and contemporary political discourses. These difficulties are linked to (1) the very concept of inclusion; in which the universal, particular, and singular dimensions are dialectically articulated. The paradox is also linked to (2) the orientation of contemporary political discourses in Europe; notably, deinstitutionalisation, intentions to stop specialised care and support, and the deployment of standardised software to assist assessment and learning at schools. The second type of paradox confronts the situational approach to special education needs with the contemporary trend towards homogenisation of nomenclatures and reference categorisations. Extremely vague definitions of guiding concepts lead to the devaluation of pedagogical approaches. This in turn contributes to the maintenance, or even domination, of biotechnical approaches. This comes at the cost of less attention to cooperative multidisciplinary approaches which have proven their effectiveness. These paradoxes can and should be addressed both (1) at the level of the individual ethical responsibility of professionals in the field and (2) in the context of teaching and learning practices. The article formulates four principles to enable teachers, as interpreters of diversity, to move towards an ethic that does not deny the unpredictability and uncertainty inherent in the infinite variety of forms of learning and education, but which on the contrary makes it a genuine source of innovation and pedagogical creation.
Neural correlates of photophobia in prodromal and mild dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Tisserand Alice , Cretin Benjamin , Mondino Mary , Botzung Anne , Sanna Lea , Demuynck Catherine , Anthony Pierre , Muller Candice , Bousiges Olivier , Philippi Nathalie , Blanc Frédéric 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and objectivesPhotophobia is a sensory disturbance provoked by light. Little is known about the association between photophobia and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). In this study, we aimed to identify the frequency and the neural basis of photophobia in prodromal and mild DLB.MethodsOne hundred and thirteen DLB patients, 53 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 20 AD and DLB patients, 31 patients with other neurocognitive diseases (including prodromal and mild demented patients), and 31 healthy elderly controls were included in this case–control study. Photophobia was systematically looked for and compared between groups. Among a selection of 77 DLB patients, we used voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) to compare those with and those without photophobia (gray matter volume; SPM12, XjView, and Matlab R2021b software).ResultsThe frequency of photophobia was higher in the DLB group (47.3%) than in the other groups (p = 0.002). The photophobia questionnaire score was higher in the DLB group than in the AD group (p = 0.001). Comparison between DLB patients with and those without photophobia showed decreased gray matter in the photophobia subgroup, in the right precentral cortex, in the eyelid motor region of Penfield's homunculus (p = 0.007, family‐wise error [FWE] corrected).ConclusionsPhotophobia is a quite frequent symptom of prodromal and mild DLB. The neural basis of photophobia in DLB involves the right precentral cortex, which could have a role in the decrease of cerebral excitability, but also the motricity of the eyelids.