bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Violence, life aspirations and displacement trajectories in civil war
Authors: Müller‐Funk Lea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDrawing on qualitative data from the civil wars in Syria and Libya since 2011, this paper seeks to build a better understanding of immobility and of displacement trajectories within conflict countries and towards neighbouring countries. The paper shows that different types of violent experiences—personal threats, generalized violence, an increasing hopelessness relating to the absence of violence in the future—trigger different exit movements across internal and external borders. Second, the analysis demonstrates that migration decisions in civil war contexts are complex processes with people balancing between strategies of how to avoid violence with strategies of how to realize broader life aspirations related to family, love, work and political change. Life aspirations often play a more important role once people move out of a situation of immediate danger and in later phases of trajectories and influence (im)mobility patterns in three different directions: stay, move (on) or return. Life aspirations, especially related to political change, outweigh perceptions of violence in some cases. Financial vulnerability can force people to stay in or return to violent contexts.
One step densification of SDC—Na2CO3 nano‐composite electrolytes for SOFC applications by cold sintering process
Authors: Murutoglu Murat , Gultekin Aygul Alkan , Gunhan Busra , Ucun Tugce , Buyukaksoy Aligul , Ozsarac Ugur , Yilmaz Huseyin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSm0.2Ce0.8O1.9‐ 30% Na2CO3 (Sm doped ceria (SDC)‐30N) nano‐composite electrolytes were densified in a single step via cold sintering process (CSP). At 200°C and 450 MPa of uniaxial pressure, samples up to 97% of their theoretical density could be obtained. The effect of processing parameters, such as temperature, uniaxial pressure, processing duration, and moisture content, on the densification of the nano‐composite electrolytes was investigated. The thermal, microstructural, and electrical properties of nano‐composites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, and EIS analysis. SDC crystallite sizes were found to be around 25 nm, barely coarsened after CSP by which the true nano nature of the nano‐composite could be preserved. Because, by conventional processing high density values could not be attained and high processing temperatures in excess of 600°C had to be used, promoting particle coarsening. The highest total electrical conductivity was found to be 2.2 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 600°C, with an activation energy of 0.83 eV for SDC‐30N nano‐composites. The present investigation revealed that the implementation of cold sintering technique resulted in significant enhancements in the densification of nano‐composite electrolytes, thereby rendering them suitable for efficient utilization in SOFC applications, as compared to the conventional production methods.
Patients' perceptions on the facilitators and barriers using injectable therapies in dyslipidaemia: An empirical qualitative descriptive international study
Authors: Lee Geraldine A. , Durante Angela , Baker Edward E. , Vellone Ercole , Caggianelli Gabriele , Dellafiore Federica , Khan Mutiba , Khatib Rani 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundInjectable medicines are increasingly used to manage abnormal levels of lipids, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. Enhancing our understanding of patients' perceptions of these injectables, can inform practice with the aim of increasing uptake and medication adherence.AimTo explore patient's experiences of using injectables and to identify potential facilitators and barriers to using injectable therapies in dyslipidaemia.DesignA qualitative descriptive study using semi‐structured interviews was conducted with patients who were using injectables to manage their cardiovascular conditions.MethodsA total of 56 patients, 30 from the United Kingdom and 26 from Italy, were interviewed online from November 2020 to June 2021. Interviews were transcribed and schematic content analysis performed.ResultsFour distinct themes emerged from interviews with patients and caregivers: (i) Their behaviours and personal beliefs; (ii) Knowledge and education about injectable medication; (iii) Clinical skills and previous experiences and (iv) Organizational and governance. Participants expressed initial fears such as needle phobia, and their concerns about commencing therapy were compounded by a lack of accessible information. However, patients' pre‐existing knowledge of lipid lowering medication, previous experience with statins and history of adverse side effects informed their decision‐making regarding using injectables. Organization and governance‐related issues were primarily around the distribution and management of medication supply within primary care, and the lack of a standardized clinical support monitoring system.ConclusionChanges are needed in clinical practice to better educate and support patients to improve the uptake of injectables and optimize their use of these medications in the management of dyslipidaemia.ImpactThis study suggests that injectable therapies were acceptable to people with cardiovascular disease. However, healthcare professionals need to play a key role in improving education and providing support to aid patients' decision‐making regarding commencing and adhering to injectable therapies.Reporting MethodThe study adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public contribution.
Noninvasive evaluation of donor and native pancreases following simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation using positron emission tomography/computed tomography
Authors: Murakami Takaaki , Nakamura Toshihiro , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Fujikura Junji , Shimizu Yoichi , Miyake Kanae K. , Otani Daisuke , Sakaki Kentaro , Kiyobayashi Sakura , Anazawa Takayuki , Nakamoto Yuji , Inagaki Nobuya 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTIt is crucial to develop practical and noninvasive methods to assess the functional beta‐cell mass in a donor pancreas, in which monitoring and precise evaluation is challenging. A patient with type 1 diabetes underwent noninvasive imaging following simultaneous kidney–pancreas transplantation with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using an exendin‐based probe, [18F]FB(ePEG12)12‐exendin‐4. Following transplantation, PET imaging with [18F]FB(ePEG12)12‐exendin‐4 revealed simultaneous and distinct accumulations in the donor and native pancreases. The pancreases were outlined at a reasonable distance from the surrounding organs using [18F]FB(ePEG12)12‐exendin‐4 whole‐body maximum intensity projection and axial PET images. At 1 and 2 h after [18F]FB(ePEG12)12‐exendin‐4 administration, the mean standardized uptake values were 2.96 and 3.08, respectively, in the donor pancreas and 1.97 and 2.25, respectively, in the native pancreas. [18F]FB(ePEG12)12‐exendin‐4 positron emission tomography imaging allowed repeatable and quantitative assessment of beta‐cell mass following simultaneous kidney–pancreas transplantation.
Efficacy of combined treatment with human adipose tissue stem cell‐derived exosome‐containing solution and microneedling for facial skin aging: A 12‐week prospective, randomized, split‐face study
Authors: Park Gyeong‐Hun , Kwon Hyuck Hoon , Seok Joon , Yang Steven Hoseong , Lee Joon , Park Byung Chul , Shin Eun , Park Kui Young 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudies have reported promising results of mesenchymal stem cell therapies for skin aging. However, in the use of mesenchymal stem cells, some drawbacks including rarely possible tumorigenicity and low engraftment rates have limited their widespread clinical use. Adipose tissue stem cell‐derived exosomes (ASCEs) are emerging as effective cell‐free therapeutic agents.AimsIt was evaluated the clinical efficacy of combining the application of human ASCE‐containing solution (HACS) with microneedling to treat facial skin aging.MethodsA 12‐week, prospective, randomized, split‐face, comparative study was conducted. Twenty‐eight individuals underwent three treatment sessions separated by 3‐week intervals and were followed up for 6 weeks after the last session. At each treatment session, HACS and microneedling were administered to one side of the face, and normal saline solution and microneedling were administered to the other side as a control.ResultsThe Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale score was significantly higher on the HACS‐treated side than on the control side at the final follow‐up visit (p = 0.005). Objective measurements obtained by different devices including PRIMOS Premium, Cutometer MPA 580, Corneometer CM 825, and Mark‐Vu confirmed greater clinical improvements in skin wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, and pigmentation on the HACS‐treated side than on the control side. The results of the histopathological evaluation were consistent with the clinical findings. No serious adverse events were observed.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that combined treatment using HACS and microneedling is effective and safe for treating facial skin aging.
Family caregivers' lived experience of caring for hospitalised patients with cancer during the COVID‐19 lockdown: A descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Ma Haixia , Zhao Tuan , Ma Yajing , Yuen John Wai‐Man , Ka Yan Ho , Yung Jolene Y. K. , Lam Katherine Ka Wai , Christensen Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to capture and explore family caregivers' lived experience of caring for hospitalised patients with cancer during the lockdown.BackgroundThe unprecedented lockdown episodes due to COVID‐19 have brought significant changes in the hospital visiting policies and caregiving practices. As part of the precautionary measures for hospital visits, the bedside companion was restricted to one caregiver for patients with cancer in Shanghai hospitals.DesignThis study adopted a descriptive phenomenological approach.MethodsData were collected among 20 family caregivers recruited from the Oncology department of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai in May 2022, using purposive sampling method and followed by unstructured, open‐ended interviews. Colaizzi's seven‐step data analysis method was used to analyse the data to reveal the emergent themes and subthemes of the phenomenon.ResultsFour themes were generated on family caregivers' lived experience of caring for hospitalised patients with cancer during the lockdown, including (1) Feeling scared for the patient; (2) Living a life feeling trapped under COVID‐19 surveillance; (3) Feeling neglected and unseen; (4) Growing resilience and appreciation.ConclusionsThe lockdown exacerbated the burden of family caregivers when they cared for the hospitalised patients with cancer during the lockdown period. However, positive reframing of the lived experience facilitated their coping with the challenging situation.Relevance to Clinical PracticeFindings from this study highlighted the potential proactive roles the healthcare providers could play in improving family caregivers' health and supporting them during and beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic.Reporting MethodThe study adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines; the study was reported according to the COREQ checklist.Patient or Public ContributionFamily caregivers of patients with cancer were involved in data collection and member‐checking of the transcripts and interpretations of their experiences.
The causal effect of ethnic diversity on support for redistribution and the role of discrimination
Authors: Achard Pascal , Suetens Sigrid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe review the literature that investigates the causal effect of ethnic diversity on support for redistribution. The results indicate that ethnic diversity or an increase in the salience of ethnic minorities tends to reduce support for redistribution. Evidence is presented that this finding can be interpreted as an outcome of ethnic discrimination. Nonetheless, there is substantial heterogeneity, such that the effect of ethnic diversity on support for redistribution depends on the specific context. An important moderator of the effect is whether ethnic diversity is accompanied by interethnic contact.
Internal fixation of canine coccygeal vertebral fractures: four cases (2018‐2022)
Authors: Kalmukov I. A. , Schneider N. , Miraldo D. , Solano M. A. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo describe the surgical technique and evaluate the outcome and complications after coccygeal vertebral fracture repair in dogs using internal fixation.Materials and MethodsMedical records and radiography of client‐owned dogs were reviewed retrospectively. A lateral approach to the vertebral body was used, and a 1.5 or 1.0 mm plate was applied laterally. Initial follow‐up included clinical and radiographic assessment at 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively. Short‐term follow‐up was assessed by the completion of an adapted functional questionnaire by owners.ResultsFour dogs presented with mid‐vertebral body fractures. The neurological function of the tail was preserved, and fracture repair was performed in all cases. One dog developed a surgical site infection, which was successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy. One dog experienced prolonged postoperative pain and delayed union. Fracture healing occurred in all patients at the final follow‐up. Neither discomfort nor reduced function or mobility of the tails was noticed during the postoperative patient assessment. The questionnaire was completed by all owners with a mean follow‐up time of 40 weeks. Excellent outcomes were established from subsequent clinical reviews and owner questionnaires, related to their dog's activity and comfort levels.Clinical SignificanceExcellent outcomes can be achieved following the repair of coccygeal vertebral fractures in dogs using internal fixation, including a return to normal function of the tail.
Multiple micronutrient supplementation cost–benefit tool for informing maternal nutrition policy and investment decisions
Authors: Verney Allison M. J. , Busch‐Hallen Jennifer F. , Walters Dylan D. , Rowe Sarah N. , Kurzawa Zuzanna A. , Arabi Mandana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAntenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) is an intervention that can help reach three of the six global nutrition targets, either directly or indirectly: a reduction in low birth weight, stunting, and anaemia in women of reproductive age. To support global guideline development and national decision‐making on investments into maternal nutrition, Nutrition International developed a modelling tool called the MMS cost–benefit tool to help users understand whether antenatal MMS is better value for money than iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) during pregnancy. The MMS cost–benefit tool can generate estimates on the potential health impact, budget impact, economic value, cost‐effectiveness and benefit–cost ratio of investing in MMS compared to IFAS in LMICs. In the 33 countries with data included in the tool, the MMS cost–benefit tool shows that transitioning is expected to generate substantial health benefits in terms of morbidity and mortality averted and can be very cost‐effective in multiple scenarios for these countries. The cost per DALY averted averages at US$ 23.61 and benefit–cost ratio ranges from US$ 41–US$ 1304: $1.0, which suggest MMS is good value for money compared with IFAS. With its user‐friendly design, open access availability, and online data‐driven analytics, the MMS cost–benefit tool can be a powerful resource for governments and nutrition partners seeking timely and evidence‐based analyses to inform policy‐decision and investments towards the scale‐up of MMS for pregnant women globally.
Second Micra leadless pacemaker implantation by using intracardiac echocardiography
Authors: Kusume Takahiro , Okano Tomoya , Onishi Masahumi , Terasawa Muryo , Yazaki Yoshinao , Satomi Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe strategy after battery depletion was not established in Micra leadless pacemaker system (Micra). There are still some concerns in the 2nd Micra implantation, such as the mechanical interaction between both devices. The position of the 2nd Micra should be placed apart from the 1st Micra. We present a case of 1st Micra battery depletion who successfully underwent the 2nd Micra implantation under the intracardiac echo guidance. In our case, intracardiac echo was a very effective tool for confirming the location of Micra implantation.
T‐wave oversensing after implantation of pacemakers with automatic sensitivity adjustment in patients with atrioventricular block
Authors: Takahashi Masao , Kujiraoka Hirofumi , Arai Tomoyuki , Hojo Rintaro , Fukamizu Seiji 
Published: June 2023

AbstractT‐wave oversensing in pacemakers is rare because the set sensitivity is generally fixed. However, several models of pacemaker employ automatic sensitivity adjustment. Here, we present two cases of atrioventricular block treated by implantation of the pacemaker with automatic sensitivity adjustment. After implanting the pacemaker with automatic sensitivity adjustment, ventricular pacing suppression due to T‐wave oversensing occurred. In both cases, T‐wave oversensing disappeared after adjusting the setting sensitivity from 0.9 to 2.0 mV.
18O enrichment of sucrose and photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic leaf water in a C3 grass—atmospheric drivers and physiological relations
Authors: Baca Cabrera Juan C. , Hirl Regina T. , Zhu Jianjun , Schäufele Rudi , Ogée Jérôme , Schnyder Hans 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe 18O enrichment (Δ18O) of leaf water affects the Δ18O of photosynthetic products such as sucrose, generating an isotopic archive of plant function and past climate. However, uncertainty remains as to whether leaf water compartmentation between photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic tissue affects the relationship between Δ18O of bulk leaf water (Δ18OLW) and leaf sucrose (Δ18OSucrose). We grew Lolium perenne (a C3 grass) in mesocosm‐scale, replicated experiments with daytime relative humidity (50% or 75%) and CO2 level (200, 400 or 800 μmol mol−1) as factors, and determined Δ18OLW, Δ18OSucrose and morphophysiological leaf parameters, including transpiration (Eleaf), stomatal conductance (gs) and mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm). The Δ18O of photosynthetic medium water (Δ18OSSW) was estimated from Δ18OSucrose and the equilibrium fractionation between water and carbonyl groups (εbio). Δ18OSSW was well predicted by theoretical estimates of leaf water at the evaporative site (Δ18Oe) with adjustments that correlated with gas exchange parameters (gs or total conductance to CO2). Isotopic mass balance and published work indicated that nonphotosynthetic tissue water was a large fraction (~0.53) of bulk leaf water. Δ18OLW was a poor proxy for Δ18OSucrose, mainly due to opposite Δ18O responses of nonphotosynthetic tissue water (Δ18Onon‐SSW) relative to Δ18OSSW, driven by atmospheric conditions.
Heart transplantation in neonatal Marfan syndrome: Saving life in a rare and fatal condition
Authors: Laks Jessica A. , Lynch Aine , Honjo Osami , Grosse‐Wortmann Lars , Chitayat David , Dipchand Anne I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal Marfan syndrome is a rare disease with mortality in the first year of life reported as high as 95% predominantly due to progressive heart failure from valvar regurgitation and cardiomyopathy. Multisystem involvement and uncertain prognosis have historically precluded transplant candidacy, and current management options are of limited success.Case ReportWe present a baby girl with a postnatal diagnosis of neonatal Marfan syndrome who at 1 year of age underwent mitral valve and tricuspid valve repair with postoperative profound left ventricular and moderate right ventricular dysfunction necessitating biventricular assist device (BiVAD) support and subsequent heart transplant. A number of noncardiac issues persisted in our patient; however, she enjoyed a good quality of life for the initial 3 years posttransplant. Unfortunately, she subsequently developed rapidly progressive coronary allograft vasculopathy (CAV) with progressive deterioration in function and cardiac arrest.ConclusionTo our best knowledge, this is only the second case of neonatal Marfan syndrome to undergo heart transplant reported in the literature and the first with BiVAD support as a bridge to candidacy. This is also the first case of neonatal Marfan syndrome associated with intragenic duplication. This case though demonstrating that earlier listing, ventricular assist device (VAD) support and even primary transplant as treatment in neonatal Marfan syndrome should all be considered viable options but also portends a cautionary tale given the spectrum of comorbidities in this rare and severe disorder.
Education for what? The politics of education for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh
Authors: Prodip Mahbub Alam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe massive influx of Rohingyas has become one of the world's worst humanitarian and human rights crises. The Bangladesh government does not have any domestic or international regulations to set up an administrative process to address the issue of Rohingya refugees. Recently, Bangladesh and Myanmar initiated the repatriation of around 3000 Rohingyas. Yet, the repatriation process has not been successful as none of the Rohingya agreed to return to Myanmar without citizenship rights and security. Against this backdrop, this study explores whether education can act as a solution to integrate Rohingya refugees into mainstream society in Bangladesh. Applying purposive sampling, primary data was collected through semi‐structured interviews, key informant interviews, and telephone interviews. Data analysis was performed through conversation analysis. The findings reveal that the integration of Rohingya refugees through education is a far‐reaching dream as refugee management and education policies do not permit the integration of Rohingya refugees into mainstream society in Bangladesh. Rohingya refugees have demanded education as their right to develop their self‐respect and dignity. In contrast, the Bangladesh government viewed education as a relief program rather than development and integration. This article supports the claim of academics that the Bangladeshi government should provide education to Rohingya refugee children from a development perspective to protect and ensure their self‐respect and dignity.Related ArticlesByrne, Jennifer. 2016. “Contextual Identity among Liberian Refugees in Ghana: Identity Salience in a Protracted Refugee Situation.” Politics & Policy 44(4): 751–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12169.Harel‐Shalev, Ayelet. 2009. “Lingual and Educational Policy toward ‘Homeland Minorities’ in Deeply Divided Societies: India and Israel as Case Studies.” Politics & Policy 37(5): 951–70. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2009.00206.x/abstract.Ravi, Chaitanya. 2021. “The 1971 Bangladesh War and Policy Lessons for Climate Refugee Management in South Asia.” Politics & Policy 49(1): 248–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12392.