bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Multiple RNA Virus Infections in Nine Types of Commonly Used Laboratory Animals in China
Authors: He Qiyu , Shu Jingyi , Liang Zhaochao , Li Manyu , Li Shuangshuang , Liu Tianxu , Yang Xinyue , Lu Qinghui , Wang Ling , Wang Lin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionLaboratory animals are widely used in biomedical research. Surveillance of naturally occurring virus in laboratory animals is important to fully understand the results of animal experiment, control laboratory‐acquired infections among research personnel and manage viral transmission within laboratory animal populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of multiple RNA viruses in laboratory animals commonly used in China.MethodsWe screened viral RNA for five different potentially zoonotic RNA viruses (astrovirus, coronavirus, hepevirus, hepatovirus and picornavirus) that can be transmitted via the faecal‐oral route in 759 faecal samples collected from nine commonly used laboratory animals (mice, rats, monkeys, rabbits, pigs, dogs, ferrets, goats and tree shrews) in China. Viral RNA was screened by broad‐spectrum reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) using primers annealing in genome‐conserved regions. The laboratory mice and rats used in this study were specific‐pathogen‐free. The other laboratory animals were conventional animals.ResultsAt least one selected virus was detected in each of the nine sampled laboratory animal types, except tree shrews. The total positive rates of viral RNA for astroviruses, coronaviruses, hepeviruses and picornaviruses in the selected laboratory animals were 4.3%, 7.6%, 8.0% and 1.1%, respectively. Among these, the positivity rates for hepevirus RNA in laboratory ferrets (41.3%) and rabbits (17.8%), astrovirus RNA in laboratory pigs (75.0%) and coronavirus RNA in laboratory ferrets (45.7%) were relatively high. Viral RNA for hepatovirus was negative in all selected laboratory animals. Co‐infection with multiple viruses has also been observed in laboratory dogs, pigs, ferrets and rabbits.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the need for the surveillance of natural viral infections in laboratory animals.
A modified iChip for
in situ
cultivation of bacteria in arid environments
Authors: Nazipi Bushi Seven , Lund Marie B. , Sandfeld Tobias , Nørskov Sanne Sadolin , Fruergaard Simon , Glasius Marianne , Bilde Trine , Schramm Andreas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial resistance is an ever-increasing problem for human health, and with only a few novel antimicrobials discovered in recent decades, an extraordinary effort is needed to circumvent this crisis. A promising source of new microbial-derived antimicrobial compounds resides in the large fraction of microbes that are not readily cultured by standard cultivation. It has previously been shown that nests of the social spider
Stegodyphus dumicola
contain a diverse bacterial community, where only a small fraction of the microbes could be recovered by standard cultivation. To improve the recovery of the bacterial diversity cultured from nests, we modified the previously described isolation chip (iChip) to fit the natural arid environment of
S. dumicola
nests. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the modified iChip’s performance. We found that the modified iChip improved the overall culturability, performed equally or better at recovering the bacterial diversity from individual nests, and improved the recovery of rare isolates compared to standard cultivation. Furthermore, we show that the modified iChip can be used in the field. In addition, we observed that the nests contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that could serve as substrate for the selective enrichment of rare and iChip-specific isolates. Our modified iChip can be applied for
in situ
cultivation in a broad range of arid habitats that can be exploited for future drug discovery.

IMPORTANCE

The demand for novel antimicrobial compounds is an ever-increasing problem due to the rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant microbes. Therefore, exploring new habitats for microbial-derived antimicrobial compounds is crucial. The nest microbiome of
Stegodyphus dumicola
remains largely unexplored and could potentially serve as a new source of antimicrobial compounds. To access the nest’s microbial diversity, we designed a modified iChip for
in situ
cultivation inside spider nests and tested its applications in both field and laboratory settings. Our study shows that the iChip’s ability to recover
in situ
abundant genera was comparable or superior to standard cultivation, while the recovery of rare (low-abundant genera) was higher. We argue that these low-abundant and iChip-specific isolates are enriched from naturally occurring nest volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during iChip incubation.
Strawberry dietary intervention influences diversity and increases abundances of SCFA-producing bacteria in healthy elderly people
Authors: Meiners Franziska , Kreikemeyer Bernd , Newels Patrick , Zude Ingmar , Walter Michael , Hartmann Alexander , Palmer Daniel , Fuellen Georg , Barrantes Israel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The gut microbiome is amenable to dietary interventions, and polyphenol-rich diets have been shown to enhance abundances of bacteria associated with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. We examined the effects of a strawberry-based intervention on the gut microbiome of 69 healthy elderly German adults. Participants in five groups consumed varying amounts of strawberries, freeze-dried strawberries, and capers in olive oil over 10 weeks as part of a randomized controlled trial. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze differences in microbial composition, diversity, phenotypes, differential abundance, and functional pathways. The intervention group featuring the highest amounts of fresh and freeze-dried strawberries without capers in olive oil (group 4) showed changes in gut microbial diversity and differential abundance that could be linked to improved health. Beta diversity, based on weighted UniFrac distances, increased significantly (
P
= 0.0035), potentially pathogenic bacteria decreased (
P
= 0.04), and abundances of SCFA-producing genera
Faecalibacterium
and
Prevotella
increased significantly. Other findings included a significant reduction of
CAG-352
,
Preveotellaceae_NK3B31-group
, and
Eubacterium coprostanoligenes
(group 2), and a trend of lowered Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio (
P
= 0.067) and a reduction in
Ruminococcaceae
(group 3). Our findings suggest that a dietary intervention based on strawberries can positively alter the gut microbiota of healthy elderly people as seen in an enrichment of SCFA-producing genera, increased diversity, and a reduction in potentially pathogenic bacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Aging is often associated with changes in the gut microbiome, including a decline in beneficial bacteria and an increase in potentially pathogenic species. Addressing these changes through lifestyle interventions is of significant interest. Our study demonstrates that a 10-week dietary intervention with strawberries can beneficially modulate gut microbial composition and diversity in healthy elderly individuals. Notably, the group consuming the highest amount of strawberries (without capers in olive oil) initially had higher abundances of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Here, the intervention led to increased abundances of the beneficial genera
Faecalibacterium
and
Prevotella
, which are linked to health benefits including reduced inflammation and improved lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that strawberry consumption can positively influence gut microbial composition, thereby contributing to overall health and disease prevention in older adults.
Differential diversity and structure of autotrophs in agricultural soils of Qinghai Province
Authors: Zhou Lianyu , Ma Xuelan , Luo Qiaoyu , Qiao Feng , Xie Huichun , Wang Longrui , Sun Wenjuan , Liu Yu , Ma Yun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The biodiversity of CO
2
-assimilating bacterial communities is pivotal for carbon sequestration in agricultural systems. Changes in the diversity, structure, and activity of the soil chemolithoautotrophic bacteria were examined in four agricultural areas, Dulan (DL), Gonghe (GH), Huzhu (HZ), and Datong (DT) counties in Qinghai Province, where wheat, oilseed rape, and barley were planted. This process was performed using Illumina amplicon sequencing of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphatecarboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) gene (
cbbL
Form I) and activity data. The diversity, community, and activity of soil autotrophic CO
2
-fixing bacteria differed significantly across soil sites, whereas
cbbL
-bearing bacterial diversity and activity were similar across different crop types. RubisCO activity in the HZ region was significantly greater than in the other three regions (
P
< 0.001). The overall relative abundance trend of the bacterial taxa was similar among the three crop samples. Moreover, 31, 27, 10, and 8 significant linear discriminant analysis effect sizes were identified in the four regions collected from HZ, DL, DT, and GH, respectively. No significant biomarkers were detected in any of the crop groups. Some soil properties had significant relationships with the autotrophic bacterial community composition.

IMPORTANCE

Agricultural soil plays important roles in carbon fixation during carbon capture and storage. Autotrophic bacteria that utilize inorganic compounds as electron donors for growth fix CO
2
photosynthetically or chemo-autotrophically in diverse ecosystems and affect soil organic carbon sequestration. Soil properties, agronomic management measures, and environmental factors can influence the community composition, abundance, and activity of CO
2
-assimilating bacteria. This study aims at evaluating the effects of different regions and crop types on the abundance, composition, and activity of CO
2
-fixing bacteria in agricultural soil.
A novel framework unveiling the importance of heterogeneous selection and drift on the community structure of symbiotic microbial indicator taxa across altitudinal gradients in amphibians
Authors: Zhou Jin , Liu Zhidong , Wang Sishuo , Li Jing , Zhang Lin , Liao Ziyan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Existing analytical frameworks for community assembly have a noticeable knowledge gap, lacking a comprehensive assessment of the relative contributions of individual or grouped microbial distinct sampling units (DSUs) and distinct taxonomic units (DTUs) to each mechanism. Here, we propose a comprehensive framework for identifying DTUs/DSUs that remarkably contribute to the various mechanisms sustaining microbial community structure. Amphibian symbiotic microbes along an altitudinal gradient from Sichuan Province, China, were employed to examine the proposed statistical framework. In different altitude groups, we found that heterogeneous selection governed the community structure of symbiotic microbes across DSUs, while stochastic processes tended to increase with altitude. For DTUs at phylum and family levels, drift emerged as the dominant mechanism driving the community structure in the most symbiotic microbial taxa, while heterogeneous selection governs the most dominant or indicator taxa. Notably, the relative contribution of heterogeneous selection was significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance and niche breadth of taxa, and negatively correlated with drift. We also detected that community assembly processes remarkably regulate the structure of symbiotic microbial communities and their correlation with environmental variables. Altogether, our modeling framework is a robust and valuable tool that further enlarges our insight into microbiota community assembly.

IMPORTANCE
Distinguishing the drivers regulating microbial community assembly is essential in microbial ecology. We propose a novel modeling framework to partition the relative contributions of each individual or group of microbial DSUs and DTUs into different underpinning mechanisms. An empirical study on amphibian symbiotic microbes notably enlarges insight into community assembly patterns in the herpetological symbiotic ecosystem and demonstrates that the proposed statistical framework is an informative and sturdy tool to quantify microbial assembly processes at both levels of DSUs and DTUs. More importantly, our proposed modeling framework can provide in-depth insights into microbiota community assembly within the intricate tripartite host-environment-microbe relationship.
Determinants of knowledge of preconception care among healthcare providers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tilahun Befkad Derese , Ayele Mulat , Alamaw Addis Wondmagegn , Kitaw Tegene Atamenta , Lake Eyob Shitie , Abate Biruk Beletew , Yilak Gizachew , Amena Nimona 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo assess the determinants of knowledge of preconception care (PCC) among healthcare providers in Ethiopia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourceComprehensive literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Health Internetwork Access to Research Initiative (HINARI) published until 20 March 2024.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesPrimary studies that reported the prevalence, determinants or associated factors were included.Data extraction and analysisThree authors extracted all the relevant data using a standardised Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction format. Meta-analysis was done using a random-effects model. A funnel plot and Egger’s test were done to assess publication bias, which was corrected by trim and fill analysis.ResultOut of 102 studies, the final analysis included six studies involving 2758 healthcare providers. The pooled knowledge of PCC among healthcare providers in Ethiopia was determined to be 51.43% (Adjusted OR), with a 95% CI ranging from 41.21% to 61.65%. Several factors were identified as determinants of healthcare providers’ knowledge based on the pooled estimate. These factors include having an educational qualification above a BSc degree (OR=2.36, 95% CI 1.46, 3.08), the presence of guidelines in their institution (OR=2.07, 95% CI 1.37, 2.77), working in hospitals (OR=2.68, 95% CI 1.83, 3.53) and receiving training on PCC and related topics (OR=4.05, 95% CI 2.52, 5.59).ConclusionHealthcare professionals exhibited limited knowledge of PCC in Ethiopia. Key elements influencing their comprehension encompass advanced educational credentials beyond a BSc degree, adherence to institutional guidelines, employment in hospital settings and exposure to specialised training. The ORs linked to these factors highlight the substantial influence of education, institutional procedures, hospital roles and specific training in enhancing healthcare providers’ expertise. Enhancing awareness and understanding among healthcare practitioners through customised educational programmes, institutional structures and organised training efforts stands out as a crucial approach to improve healthcare services and results throughout Ethiopia.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024516077.
The heart rate on admission was associated with the mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures: a retrospective cohort study from a trauma centre in northwestern China
Authors: Zhang Wei-Song , Chen Shao-Hua , Yang Zhi , Zhang Bin-Fei 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between heart rate on admission and mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingAt a trauma centre in northwestern China.ParticipantsElderly patients with hip fractures.ResultsThis cohort study included 2006 patients who met the study criteria. The mean heart rate at admission was 81.77±15.63 beats per minute. During follow-up, 189 patients died for all-cause reasons in 1 year. Age, coronary heart disease, cancer, dementia and time to operation were introduced in multivariate regression analysis. Multivariate logistic regression showed that heart rate was associated with mortality in geriatric patients with hip fracture (OR=1.01, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.02, p=0.0242). However, the linear association was unstable, and we found a nonlinear one. In the nonlinear association, the inflection point was 84 beats per minute. If below this threshold, each 1 beat per minute increase in heart rate was associated with a 4% increase in the risk of death (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.06, p=0.0017). If greater than this threshold, the risk of death peaked and was not associated with the heart rate (OR=1.00, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.01, p=0.6691).ConclusionIn conclusion, the heart rate was nonlinearly associated with 1-year mortality in geriatric patients with hip fractures. The low heart rate on admission was associated with low 1-year mortality. When the heart rate was over 84 beats per minute, the risk of death peaked, and there was no association with heart rate anymore.Trial registration numberThis study was registered on the website of the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR: ChiCTR2200057323).
Airway associated inflammation in post-transplant cystic fibrosis patients as a predictor of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD)
Authors: Patel Tanvi , Bemiss Bradford , Panah Elnaz , Chaiprasit Thanchanok , McHenry Austin , Venkataraman Girish , Ananthanarayanan Vijayalakshmi 
Published: January 2025

AimsIn cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipients (LTRs), graft dysfunction due to acute infections, rejection or chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is difficult to distinguish. Characterisation of the airway inflammatory milieu could help detect and prevent graft dysfunction. We speculated that an eosinophil or neutrophil-rich milieu is associated with higher risk of CLAD.MethodsA retrospective, single-centre observational study of cystic fibrosis LTRs between 2002 and 2021 was performed. Data from biopsy slides, pulmonary function testing and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid microbiology tests were collected. The primary outcome was bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) or death after transplant, with an 8-year follow-up period.Results40 patients were identified with an average age of 35.3 at first transplantation, including 5 redo lung transplants. Fungal infections were correlated with higher rejection scores (p<0.01) and survival status (p=0.027). Fungal and bacterial infection rates were reduced in later transplants (2014–2021) compared with earlier (2002–2014). Fungal infections were associated with significantly worsened outcomes (p≤0.001). Eosinophils in large airways was associated with worse BOS-free survival (p=0.03).ConclusionsSubcategorisation of the inflammatory milieu (particularly noting eosinophils) in surveillance biopsies may help detect CLAD earlier and improve long-term outcomes in cystic fibrosis LTRs.
Preoperative frailty in oesophageal cancer: postoperative outcomes and overall survival – meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Zhao Bingyan , Wu Min , Bao Leilei , Zhang Si-Ai , Zhang Chunmei 
Published: January 2025

PurposeTo assess the prevalence of preoperative frailty in patients with oesophageal cancer and its impact on postoperative outcomes and overall survival.MethodsA comprehensive computer-based search of the CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CINAHL databases was conducted for articles related to preoperative frailty in patients with oesophageal cancer. The search was carried out from the time of the construction of the database to 20 April 2024. Data related to the prevalence of preoperative frailty in patients with oesophageal cancer and their postoperative outcomes and overall survival were extracted.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included, including 12 cohort studies and 1 cross-sectional study involving 53 485 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of preoperative frailty in patients with oesophageal cancer was 29.6% (95% CI 24.5% to 34.8%). Preoperative frailty increased the risk of postoperative mortality (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.51 to 2.14, p<0.001), complications (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.49, p<0.001) and 30-day readmission (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.31, p<0.001), in patients with oesophageal cancer, but had no significant effect on overall survival (HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.68, p=0.08).ConclusionsThe prevalence of preoperative frailty is high in patients with oesophageal cancer, and preoperative frailty is strongly associated with increased adverse outcomes after surgery. Healthcare providers should identify preoperative frailty in patients with oesophageal cancer at an early stage and develop targeted intervention strategies to reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse outcomes.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024541051.
Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of de Quervain Tenosynovitis: A Randomised Control Open Label Equivalence Trial
Authors: CHOWLEY Prasenjit , BISWAS Harajit , MONDAL Keshab , HAZRA Shrabasti , HAZRA Sandipan , DAS Pallab 
Published: January 2025

Background: De Quervain (DQ) tenosynovitis is a frequent source of wrist pain amongst middle-aged adults. Steroid injections are recommended after conservative methods fail, despite unclear mechanisms. The effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for DQ is not well-studied. To address this gap, we conducted a randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of PRP and corticosteroid (CS) injections for treating DQ. Methods: This prospective, randomised and open-label trial was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in India. Adult patients aged 18–60 were randomly assigned to receive either ultrasound-guided triamcinolone acetonide injections or autologous PRP in the first extensor compartment. Outcomes were measured at baseline and at 1, 4 and 12 weeks using the VAS and quick disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (QuickDASH) questionnaires. Results: Eighty-six age- and sex-matched patients, with an average disease duration of 14 weeks in both groups, were enrolled. Both the CS and PRP groups demonstrated a significant reduction in pain scores and improvement in functions at 1, 4 and 12 weeks. However, between the groups, the degree of improvement in pain was more in CS group at 1 week and similar improvements between the groups at 4 and 12 weeks. Regarding hand function, the CS group exhibited notable at 1 and 4 weeks based on the QuickDASH scale. Yet, by the 12th week, hand function improvements were comparable between both groups. Conclusions: This study suggests that PRP is equivalent to CS in reducing pain in DQ tenosynovitis. Hand function improved more significantly in the CS group at 1 and 4 weeks post-injection. Both PRP and CS are safe and equally effective treatments for DQ. Level of Evidence: Level I (Therapeutic)
Advanced Surgical Training Models for Wrist Surgery
Authors: MACLEAN Simon B. M. , BAIN Greg I. 
Published: January 2025

Globally, surgical exposure for the trainee has become challenging due to changes in shift patterns, increasing medicolegal issues and the recognition of burnout. Simulation models are a crucial adjunct for the development of arthroscopic skills and open procedures. Advanced anatomically precise 3D-printed wrist models are used in our workshops. The models have pathological lesions within, allowing a range of arthroscopic and open procedures to be performed. Pathology can be ordered on-demand. Arthroscopic and open procedures can be performed, including fracture fixation and arthroplasty. For effective teaching, we use a lab-based environment with basic arthroscopic and open equipment and implants available. We use a specific structure in which to teach trainees, including pre-course material, videos, demonstrations, practice and feedback. Advanced surgical training models for wrist surgery allow for safe, repetitive surgical training to allow the trainee to accelerate their learning curve. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)