bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second Wave of SARS-CoV-2: Impact on Pregnant Women and Newborns–A Tertiary Care Experience in North India
Authors: Bachani Sumitra , Suri Jyotsna , Kumar Anita , Dasgupta Suchandana , Dabral Anjali 
Published: August 2023

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation, course of disease, and management of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in pregnant women. We also aimed to evaluate the fetomaternal outcomes in these women.

Material and Methodology
This was a single-center, retrospective study performed in a tertiary care hospital for pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in India. The medical records of all antenatal or postnatal women who were admitted to COVID-19 facility from April 1 to June 30, 2021, were reviewed. The demographic characteristics, obstetric parameters, presence of comorbidities, disease severity, investigations, management, and fetal outcome were recorded.

Statistical Analysis
The data were entered in MS Excel spreadsheet and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0.

Result
A total of 94 women were admitted to the COVID-19 facility; 54 (57.45%) were antenatal and 40 (42.55%) were postnatal, 75.53% of them were between 20 and 30 years of age, and 62.96% were multigravida. In addition, 42.55% were asymptomatic and 32.98, 9.58, and 14.89% had mild, moderate, and severe disease, respectively. Also, 42.59% of women had cesarean delivery. Among these, 14 (14.89%) required intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and 24.46% needed oxygen therapy. Comorbidities were present in 48.94%, with hypertensive disorder being the most common (14.89%). Common residual complaints were malaise, body ache, and cough. Among women admitted in the ICU, eight (57%) had comorbidities such as preeclampsia, diabetes, heart disease, and anemia. All these women required oxygen therapy, antibiotics, and thromboprophylaxis. Six among them received steroid (methylprednisolone) and four received antiviral drug (remdesivir). Three women succumbed to death. The mortality rate was 3.19%. Among the neonates, six babies were affected with SARS-CoV-2 and all recovered. On follow-up after discharge, one woman with rheumatic heart disease expired after 2 days of discharge and one woman had a spontaneous abortion.

Conclusion
During the second wave, caused by the Delta variant, maximum requirement was for oxygen therapy, antiviral drugs, and steroids. We conclude that women with comorbidities and advanced period of gestation had a severe course and required critical care. The optimum care and counselling regarding possible outcome in such a vulnerable population is needed.
A study of a slim compact piezo inertia actuator
Authors: Sun Pingping , Zhang Haozhen , Yu Huan 
Published: August 2023

Most previously reported inertia actuators suffer from the problems of low speed and large size. To overcome these shortcomings, this study proposes a slim compact piezo inertia actuator based on the principle of stick–slip drive. Actuated by the transverse motion of a cantilever beam forming part of a monolithic elastomer, this actuator achieves a high velocity. The construction and basic operating principle of the actuator are discussed in detail. Commercial finite element analysis software is employed to determine the appropriate geometry for the monolithic elastomer. To study the actuator’s mechanical characteristics, a prototype is fabricated and a series of experimental tests are performed. According to the results of these tests, the maximum velocity and maximum load force are about 24.03 mm/s and 1.96 N, respectively, and the minimum step size is about 0.47 μm. It is shown that the inertia actuator based on a monolithic elastomer with a cantilever beam not only has a slim compact structure, but also exhibits good output characteristics.
Acoustic properties, elasticity, and equation of state of glycerol under pressure
Authors: Vallero Cade , Ahart Muhtar , Tkachev Sergey , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali , Kojima Seiji , Gramsch Stephen A. , Hemley Russell J. 
Published: August 2023

We employed high-pressure Brillouin scattering to study the pressure dependencies of acoustic modes of glycerol up to 14 GPa at 300 K. We observed longitudinal acoustic velocities and transverse acoustic velocities for the first time from 5 to 14 GPa. The results allow the determination of a complete set of elastic properties and an accurate determination of the pressure–volume (P–V) equation of state (EOS). EOS parameters, K0 = 14.9 ± 1.8 GPa and K′0 = 5.6 ± 0.5, were determined from fits to the data from ambient pressure to 14 GPa. Direct volume measurements of the P–V EOS are consistent with those determined by Brillouin scattering. A deviation from a Cauchy-like relationship for elastic properties was observed, and the pressure dependencies of the photoelastic constants and relaxation times were documented from 5 to 14 GPa. These results have broad implications for glass-forming liquids, viscoelastic theory, and mode coupling theory.
Slow solvation dynamics beyond dielectric relaxation by three-pulse photon echo peak shift
Authors: Kim JunWoo , Shin Pyoungsik , Joo Taiha 
Published: August 2023

The dynamics of a liquid and its coupling to a solute are crucial for a better understanding of chemical processes in the liquid phase. In isotropic and homogeneous solutions, the time-correlation function of a solute is expected to vanish over time due to the translational and diffusive motions of the solvent. The three-pulse photon echo peak shift (3PEPS) is a third-order nonlinear spectroscopy technique that records the time-correlation function of a solute molecule in a solution, including an offset (inhomogeneity). In this work, we utilized a diffractive optics-based 3PEPS apparatus to fully resolve the dynamics in liquids from femtoseconds to nanoseconds while varying the temperature in the range of 80–298 K and the probe solute molecules. Our observations reveal dynamics slower than the dielectric relaxation of n-alcohols, even at room temperature, consisting of a ∼0.5 ns time constant that persists below the melting points and a static component (offset) on a nanosecond timescale. Based on the experiments, we suggest that locally formed glass-like clusters in liquids can be responsible for the slow dynamics. Our results may provide new insights into the dynamics of liquids and related phenomena such as liquid-glass and liquid-liquid phase transitions.
Tin oxide-polyaniline nanocomposite modified nickel foam for highly selective and sensitive detection of cholesterol in simulated blood serum samples
Authors: Singh Pratiksha , Sreekumar Anjali , Badhulika Sushmee 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cholesterol (CH) is a vital diagnostic marker for a variety of diseases, making its detection crucial in biological applications including clinical practice. In this work, we report the synthesis of tin oxide-polyaniline nanocomposite-modified nickel foam (SnO2-PANI/NF) for non-enzymatic detection of CH in simulated human blood serum. SnO2 was synthesized via the hydrothermal method, followed by the synthesis of SnO2-PANI nanocomposite through in situ chemical polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent. Morphological studies display agglomerated SnO2-PANI, which possess diameters ranging from an average particle size of ∼50 to ∼500 nm, and the XRD analysis revealed the tetragonal structure of the SnO2-PANI nanocomposite. Optimization studies demonstrating the effect of pH and weight percentage are performed to improve the electrocatalytic performance of the sensor. The non-enzymatic SnO2-PANI/NF sensor exhibits a linear range of 1–100 μM with a sensitivity of 300 μA μM−1/cm−2 towards CH sensing and a low limit of detection of 0.25 μM (=3 S m−1). SnO2-PANI/NF facilitates the electrooxidation of CH to form cholestenone by accepting electrons generated during the reaction and transferring them to the nickel foam electrode via Fe (III)/Fe (IV) conversion, resulting in an increased electrochemical current response. The SnO2-PANI/NF sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity against interfering species such as Na+, Cl−, K+, glucose, ascorbic acid, and SO4
2−. The sensor successfully determined the concentration of CH in simulated blood serum samples, demonstrating SnO2-PANI as a potential platform for a variety of electrochemical-based bioanalytical applications.
Bayesian estimation in multivariate inter-laboratory studies with unknown covariance matrices
Authors: Bodnar Olha , Bodnar Taras 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the paper we present Bayesian inference procedures for the parameters of multivariate random effects model, which is used as a quantitative tool for performing multivariate key comparisons and multivariate inter-laboratory studies. The developed new approach does not require that the reported covariance matrices of participating laboratories are known and, as such, it can be used when they are estimated from the measurement results. The Bayesian inference procedures are based on samples generated from the derived posterior distribution when the Berger and Bernardo reference prior and the Jeffreys prior are assigned to the model parameter. Three numerical algorithms for the construction of Markov chains are provided and implemented in the CCAUV.V-K1 key comparisons. All three approaches yield similar Bayesian estimators with wider credible intervals when the Berger and Bernardo reference prior is used. Also, the Bayesian estimators for the elements of the inter-laboratory covariance matrix are larger under this prior than for the Jeffreys prior. Finally, the constructed joint credible sets for the components of the overall mean vector indicate the presence of linear dependence between them which cannot be captured when only univariate key comparisons are performed.
Electromagnetic and Thermal Analysis of HTS AC Cable using T-A Formulation
Authors: Lyu Gaotai , Terao Yutaka , Ohsaki Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
High temperature superconducting (HTS) cables have been developed into various products and attracted wide attention in industrial applications due to their high critical temperature, current density, zero resistance and overcurrent strength. Recently the triaxial YBCO cables are used in AC applications with the consideration of the flexibility and economy of materials. In this paper, the transient electromagnetic thermal characteristics of a triaxial HTS cable are analysed by the T-A formulation and the Thermal-Fluid Coupling Module of the COMSOL software under the condition of alternating current flow. Firstly, the electromagnetic T-A formulation and the basic theory of heat transfer are introduced. Transient magnetic fields, critical current distribution, and magnetization losses are discussed under T-A modelling. To evaluate the thermal behaviour of the cable under normal current conditions, liquid nitrogen laminar flow is coupled with the heat transfer module, while the heat source data are obtained from the previous T-A results.
High-Speed Spin Testing of Bi-2212 Superconducting Wires for High-Field NMR Magnet Qualification: Final Progress Report
Authors: Voccio J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper summarizes an NIH-funded research project designed to study the strength of high temperature superconductors under high circumferential hoop stress, in order to qualify these materials for high-field (> 1 GHz-class) NMR magnets. The unique approach presented here is to spin test coils at high rotational speeds, approaching 50,000 rpm, in order to induce mechanical hoop stresses which are equivalent to the magnetic Lorentz stresses experienced by a high-field solenoid insert coil. Bi-2212 wires and coils were tested in sub-cooled nitrogen to determine if any mechanical damage was imparted by each spin test. These preliminary experimental results demonstrate that, with further development, this test could prove to be a simple method for qualifying superconducting wires for high-field insert magnets.
Superconducting neutron transmission imaging for investigating a sequential change in phase separations of low-melting Wood’s metal
Authors: Dang Vu The , Shishido Hiroaki , Aizawa Kazuya , Oku Takayuki , Oikawa Kenichi , Harada Masahide , Kojima Kenji M. , Miyajima Shigeyuki , Soyama Kazuhiko , Koyama Tomio , Hidaka Mutsuo , Suzuki Soh Y. , Tanaka Manobu M. , Machida Masahiko , Kawamata Shuichi , Ishida Takekazu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We built a new cryostat system for a current-biased kinetic inductance detector (CB-KID) to be able to place a sample at room temperature for conducting the neutron transmission imaging experiments with pulsed neutrons. A Wood’s metal alloy sample (Bi 50wt.%, Pb 25wt.%, Sn 12.5wt.%, Cd 12.5wt.%) of melting temperature 75.2°C was used to check a practical test by observing fine microstructures under beam power of 812 kW at beamline BL10 of J-PARC (MLF). The Wood’s metal is composed of four phases, of which one is a Cd-rich needle-like phase of an average width of 25 µm and length of 5 mm. Since Cd is a strong neutron absorber, it is suitable for observing the fine mosaic structure contrastingly in neutron transmission imaging. After neutron-transmission imaging with the Wood’s metal in the initial state, we subsequently melted the Wood’s metal sample and solidified it again by slow cooling during the same beam time. We were successful in observing an impressive change in morphology of the phases by neutron-transmission imaging. Room-temperature sample imaging is very convenient for possible users, and is expected to be very useful for applying our CB-KID system to versatile different materials of interests.
Test operation of 500 m /100 MW Ishikari high-temperature superconducting DC transmission line to demonstrate the required cost reduction and robustness
Authors: Inoue Noriyuki , Chikumoto Noriko , Watanabe Hirofumi , Ivanov Yuri , Hino Tomoaki , Sato Akio , Sawamura Toru , Yamamoto Hisashi , Sumi Katsunori , Okuno Kiyoshi , Motojima Osamu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the Ishikari Line 1 restart test conducted in 2021 to collect basic data for cost reduction, improved efficiency, and confirm the integrity of the equipment. The Ishikari Superconducting DC transmission (SCDC) demonstration test facility was constructed in 2013 in Ishikari, Hokkaido. It comprises the world’s longest class of 500 m (Line 1) and 1000 m (Line 2) SCDC systems. In 2015, Line 1 successfully demonstrated the world’s first power transmission from a solar power plant to an Internet data center. The restart test was conducted approximately six years after shutdown, and a strong earthquake occurred during the shutdown period. The restart test operation confirmed the integrity and robustness of the facility, which had experienced a major earthquake. Cooling tests and electrical tests were conducted, and useful data were obtained, including efficient cooling operation and the integrity and shunt current of the superconducting cables. Based on these results, we aim to promote the social implementation of SCDC by compiling a database for the quantitative evaluation of reliability, safety, and cost.
Influence of low electric field parts of electric field–current density curves of superconductors on their ac loss characteristics
Authors: Sogabe Y , Amemiya N 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We performed numerical electromagnetic field analyses to investigate the influence of the low electric field parts of the electric field (E)–current density (J) curves of superconductors on their ac loss characteristics. A simple one-dimensional model across the width of a coated conductor was used for the analyses. Whereas we fixed the n value of the high E part of E–J curves of superconductors, we varied the n values of low E parts. J distributions as well as E distributions were calculated in coated conductors carrying ac currents and/or exposed to ac magnetic fields. We examined the influence of the n values at low E part of E–J curves on ac loss characteristics and discussed the electric field regions that are relevant to ac loss generation. We also discussed the applicability of the results to copper-plated multifilament coated conductors.
All-optical non-contact level sensor for liquid hydrogen
Authors: Futamura M , Oikawa T , Miura S , Okamoto H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We propose a new type of liquid hydrogen level sensor and evaluate a prototype system with liquid nitrogen. The level sensor acquires images of the liquid surface, which is illuminated by point sources of light, and estimates the liquid level by image processing. This scheme allows us to avoid immersion of the sensor body into the liquid and also eliminate the necessity for any electrical wire connected to the sensor body. The accuracy of the prototype sensor is estimated to be ≈ 4.8 mm in our experiment using a 10 liter liquid nitrogen vessel.
Looking for an axion in a haystack of muons
Authors: Gurgone A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The search for axion-like particles X in muon decays is an excellent opportunity for the
MEG II and Mu3e experiments to extend their horizons beyond μ
+ → e
+
γ and μ
+
→ e
+
e
-
e
+. A suitable process for both experiments is the two-body decay μ
+ →
e
+
X, whose only signature is a monochromatic peak close to the kinematic endpoint of the
positron energy spectrum of the μ
+ → e
+
νeν̅μ
background. The hunt for such
an elusive signal in a vast amount of irreducible background requires extremely accurate
theoretical predictions to be implemented in a Monte Carlo event generator. This work presents a
new state-of-the-art computation of μ
+ → e
+
νeν̅μ
for polarised muons,
accomplished with the McMule framework. The calculation includes next-to-next-leading
order QED corrections and logarithmically enhanced terms at even higher orders. The results are
also used to estimate the sensitivity of both experiments on the branching ratio of μ
+ →
e
+
X, in order to evaluate the impact of the theoretical error.
Pulse-area theorem for precision control of the rotational motions of a single molecule in a cavity
Authors: Fan Li-Bao , Shu Chuan-Cun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We perform a combined analytical and numerical investigation to explore how an analytically designed pulse can precisely control the rotational motions of a single-molecular polariton formed by the strong coupling of two low-lying rotational states with a single-mode cavity. To this end, we derive a pulse-area theorem that gives amplitude and phase conditions of the pulses in the frequency domain for driving the polariton from a given initial state to an arbitrary coherent state. The pulse-area theorem is examined for generating the maximum degree of orientation using a pair of pulses. We show that the phase condition can be satisfied by setting the initial phases of the two identically overlapped pulses or by controlling the time delay between pulses for practical applications.
What is the Seiberg–Witten map exactly?
Authors: Kupriyanov Vladislav , Sharapov Alexey 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe give a conceptual treatment of the Seiberg–Witten map as a quasi-isomorphism of differential graded algebras. The corresponding algebras have a very simple form, leading to explicit recurrence formulas for the quasi-isomorphism. Unlike most previous papers, our recurrence relations are nonperturbative in the parameter of non-commutativity. Using the language of quasi-isomorphisms, we give a homotopy classification of ambiguities in Seiberg–Witten maps. Possible generalizations to the Wess–Zumino complexes and some other algebras are briefly discussed.
Manufacturing of graphene based synaptic devices for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Zhou Kui , Jia Ziqi , Ma Xin-Qi , Niu Wenbiao , Zhou Yao , Huang Ning , Ding Guanglong , Yan Yan , Han Su-Ting , Roy Vellaisamy A L , Zhou Ye 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neuromorphic computing systems can perform memory and computing tasks in parallel on artificial synaptic devices through simulating synaptic functions, which is promising for breaking the conventional von Neumann bottlenecks at hardware level. Artificial optoelectronic synapses enable the synergistic coupling between optical and electrical signals in synaptic modulation, which opens up an innovative path for effective neuromorphic systems. With the advantages of high mobility, optical transparency, ultrawideband tunability, and environmental stability, graphene has attracted tremendous interest for electronic and optoelectronic applications. Recent progress highlights the significance of implementing graphene into artificial synaptic devices. Herein, to better understand the potential of graphene-based synaptic devices, the fabrication technologies of graphene are first presented. Then, the roles of graphene in various synaptic devices are demonstrated. Furthermore, their typical optoelectronic applications in neuromorphic systems are reviewed. Finally, outlooks for development of synaptic devices based on graphene are proposed. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of graphene fabrication technologies and graphene-based synaptic device for optoelectronic applications, also present an outlook for development of graphene-based synaptic device in future neuromorphic systems.
Analysis of corrosion rate, inhibition efficiency, and economic cost of XD3 reinforced concrete related to inhibitor and plasticiser types
Authors: Abdulsada Shaymaa Abbas , Al-Mosawi Ali I 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The main problem in concrete structure is rebar corrosion, which is caused by the penetration and diffusion of chloride ions into reinforced concrete structures; therefore, it is essential to give the most attention to preventing or limiting the impact of this condition. So, in order to find a practical solution to the problem of corrosion of rebar, the current article focuses on demonstrating the beneficial effects of green and calcium nitrate inhibitors on chloride-induced corrosion. Thus, this paper presented an analytical procedure based on corrosion rates and the economic cost to evaluate the efficacy of such an inhibitor. Ten samples with various concrete mixtures were divided into two groups according to the type of plasticiser and inhibitor have been immersed in an aqueous solution of 3.5 wt% sodium chloride at room temperature for 18 months. The optimal results in which the corrosion rate was significantly reduced were for the two groups of concrete mixtures, first group was (C2), which contains 3 wt% orange peels extract inhibitor mixed with 2.4 wt% Oxydtron as water-resisting admixture, and the second group was (E2) included 3 wt% calcium nitrate inhibitor with 2.4 wt% Oxydtron as water-resisting admixture. These two groups samples have been showed more excellent corrosion resistance against the saline solution after the completed immersion period. The inhibition efficiency analysis showed that there is a direct relationship between the inhibitor concentration and the efficiency of corrosion inhibition. However, the inhibition efficiency in the case of samples containing calcium nitrate inhibitor was higher than their counterparts containing green inhibitor extract. Finally, the economic cost analysis showed that the cost of the green inhibitor extract-containing samples was lower than that of the calcium nitrate inhibitor-containing samples.