bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAS-BLED vs. ORBIT scores in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Xuyang , Wang Shengnan , He Wenfeng , Guo Linjuan 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe 2021 UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines tend to recommend the ORBIT score for predicting bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with anticoagulants. Herein, we comprehensively re-assessed the predicted abilities of the HAS-BLED vs. ORBIT score since several newly published data showed different findings.MethodsWe comprehensively searched the PubMed electronic database until December 2021 to identify relevant studies reporting the ORBIT vs. HAS-BLED scores in anticoagulated patients with AF. Their predicted abilities were assessed using the C-index, reclassification, and calibration analysis.ResultsFinally, 17 studies were included in this review. In the pooled analysis, the ORBIT score had a C-index of 0.63 (0.60–0.66), 0.59 (0.53–0.66), and 0.57 (0.48–0.67) for major bleeding, any clinically relevant bleeding, and intracranial bleeding, respectively, while the HAS-BLED score had a C-index of 0.61 (0.59–0.63), 0.59 (0.56–0.63), and 0.57 (0.51–0.64) for major bleeding, any clinically relevant bleeding, and intracranial bleeding, respectively. There were no statistical differences in the accuracy of predicting these bleeding events between the two scoring systems. For the outcome of major bleeding, the subgroup analyses based on vitamin K antagonists vs. direct oral anticoagulants suggested no differences in the discrimination ability between the HAS-BLED and ORBIT scores. Reclassification and calibration analyses of HAS-BLED vs. ORBIT should be further assessed due to the limited and conflicting data.ConclusionOur current findings suggested that the HAS-BLED and ORBIT scores at least had similar predictive abilities for major bleeding risk in anticoagulated (vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants) patients with AF, supporting the use of the HAS-BLED score in clinical practice.
A comparison of the changes in serum lactate between surgical repair and transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defects in pediatric patients
Authors: Huang Jiang-Shan , Chen Yu-Kun , Lin Shi-Hao , Chen Qiang , Cao Hua , Zheng Yi-Rong 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the changes in serum lactate between surgical repair and transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in pediatric patients.MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis, and 314 pediatric patients with simple VSD from October 2019 to October 2021 were selected. The patients were divided into the S group (surgical repair) and the D group (transthoracic device closure). The serum lactate value at ICU admission and 6 h after operation, as well as the highest serum lactate value were collected, and the 6-h serum lactate clearance rate was calculated.ResultThrough propensity score matching, 43 pairs of cases were successfully matched. Compared with the S group, the D group had a shorter operation duration, ventilation duration, and ICU duration, as well as a lower drainage volume and total hospitalization cost. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the initial and highest serum lactate values after VSD closure, while the 6-h serum lactate value in the D group was significantly lower than that in the S group, and the 6-h serum lactate clearance rate in the D group was five times faster than that in the S group. In addition, the 6-h serum lactate clearance rate in the S group was mainly related to the operation time, CPB time, and ventilation time, while the 6-h serum lactate clearance rate in the D group was only related to the operation time.ConclusionThe initial and highest serum lactate levels were not significantly different between surgical repair and transthoracic device closure of VSD, but the 6-h serum lactate clearance rate of device closure was five times faster than that of surgical repair.
Application of the in-situ stress testing technology for the design of operating pressure of underground gas storage reservoir
Authors: Wang Qun-yi , Shang Lin , Xin Chun-yan , Sun Yan-chun , Gao Guang-liang , Wang Miao , Gu Xiao 
Published: January 2023

The appropriate design of the operating pressure of underground gas storages (UGSs) is of great significance to their safe and profitable operation. In situ stress is basic data for determining the upper limit pressure of UGSs, analyzing fault stability in reservoir areas, and evaluating trap tightness. Generally, the design of the upper limit gas injection pressure of UGSs is a comprehensive geomechanical problem. After research and comparison of measurement methods, it is believed that the measurement of in situ stress induced by hydraulic fracturing can accurately obtain the in situ stress value near the wellbore, and having knowledge about the reservoir stress path will considerably decrease the risk of reservoir and cap rock instability during gas injection and production. Taking Well C1, an oil reservoir-type UGS in Block M, eastern China as an example, this paper introduces the use of hydraulic fracturing (HF) in situ stress testing technology to obtain the minimum principal stress values of the caprock, reservoir and floor intervals of Well C1. The measured minimum principal stress of the caprock is 32.8–36.8 MPa. Because it is an old well, the minimum principal stress of the reservoir is 33.7–34.2 MPa after correction of the in situ stress measurement according to the theory of elasticity. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the measured in situ stress data, it is believed that the safe upper limit of the reservoir-type gas storage in Block M is 27.2 MPa.
Application of the improved dynamical–Statistical–Analog ensemble forecast model for landfalling typhoon precipitation in Fujian province
Authors: Su Zhizhong , Ma Yunqi , Jia Li , Ren Fumin , Ding Chenchen 
Published: January 2023

The forecasting performance of the Dynamical–Statistical–Analog Ensemble Forecast (DSAEF) model for Landfalling Typhoon [or tropical cyclone (TC)] Precipitation (DSAEF_LTP), with new values of two parameters (i.e., similarity region and ensemble method) for landfalling TC precipitation over Fujian Province, is tested in four experiments. Forty-two TCs with precipitation over 100 mm in Fujian Province during 2004–2020 are chosen as experimental samples. Thirty of them are training samples and twelve are independent samples. First, simulation experiments for the training samples are used to determine the best scheme of the DSAEF_LTP model. Then, the forecasting performance of this best scheme is evaluated through forecast experiments. In the forecast experiments, the TSsum (the sum of threat scores for predicting TC accumulated rainfall of ≥250 mm and ≥100 mm) of experiments DSAEF_A, B, C, D is 0.0974, 0.2615, 0.2496, and 0.4153, respectively. The results show that the DSAEF_LTP model performs best when both adding new values of the similarity region and ensemble method (DSAEF_D). At the same time, the TSsum of the best performer of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models is only 0.2403. The improved DSAEF_LTP model shows advantages compared to the NWP models. It is an important method to improve the predictability of the DSAEF_LTP model by adopting different schemes in different regions.
Estimation of the ground-level SO2 concentration in eastern China based on the LightGBM model and Himawari-8 TOAR
Authors: Xu Tan , Chen Bin , Ren Yuxiang , Zhao Lin , Hu Jiashun , Wang Yufei , Song Zhihao , Li Xiang 
Published: January 2023

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is one of the main pollutants in China’s atmosphere, but the spatial distribution of ground-based SO2 monitors is too sparse to provide a complete coverage. Therefore, obtaining a high spatial resolution of SO2 concentration is of great significance for SO2 pollution control. In this study, based on the LightGBM machine learning model, combined with the top-of-atmosphere radiation (TOAR) of Himawari-8 and additional data such as meteorological factors and geographic information, a high temporal and spatial resolution TOAR-SO2 estimation model in eastern China (97–136°E, 15–54°N) is established. TOAR and meteorological factors are the two variables that contribute the most to the model, and both of their feature importance values exceed 30%. The TOAR-SO2 model has great performance in estimating ground-level SO2 concentrations with 10-fold cross validation R2 (RMSE) of 0.70 (16.26 μg/m3), 0.75 (12.51 μg/m3), 0.96 (2.75 μg/m3), 0.97 (2.16 μg/m3), and 0.97 (1.71 μg/m3) when estimating hourly, daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual average SO2. Taking North China as main study area, the annual average SO2 is estimated. The concentration of SO2 in North China showed a downward trend since 2016 and decreased to 15.19 μg/m3 in 2020. The good agreement between ground measured and model estimated SO2 concentrations highlights the capability and advantage of using the model to monitor spatiotemporal variations of SO2 in Eastern China.
Settlement analysis of the giant open caisson during the construction of the Changtai Yangtze River Bridge
Authors: Guo Mingwei , Dong Xuechao , Yang Zhi 
Published: January 2023

With the increasing size of open caissons in large-span bridge projects, the overall settlement of giant open caissons is vital to the safe construction of bridge superstructures. Taking the engineering case of the Changtai Yangtze River Bridge, the overall deformation of an open caisson was studied during the construction stage of the bridge’s superstructures. First, the theoretical layer-wise summation method was utilized to analyze the settlement of the open caisson. Then, a 3-D finite element model was established to simulate the installation stage of the bridge superstructure. Finally, a large centrifuge model test was performed to obtain the deformation of the open caisson at each step of bridge’s construction. The results of these approaches demonstrated that final settlements were quite consistent—approximately 225 mm when the bridge superstructure was completely installed—and the settlement deformation curve could be divided into three stages: slowly increasing, rapid, and stabilizing. This study can provide significant guidance for the construction of the Changtai Yangtze River Bridge and be a reference for similar open caisson engineering projects.
Predictive model for diabetic retinopathy under limited medical resources: A multicenter diagnostic study
Authors: Yang Yanzhi , Tan Juntao , He Yuxin , Huang Huanhuan , Wang Tingting , Gong Jun , Liu Yunyu , Zhang Qin , Xu Xiaomei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundComprehensive eye examinations for diabetic retinopathy is poorly implemented in medically underserved areas. There is a critical need for a widely available and economical tool to aid patient selection for priority retinal screening. We investigated the possibility of a predictive model for retinopathy identification using simple parameters.MethodsClinical data were retrospectively collected from 4, 159 patients with diabetes admitted to five tertiary hospitals. Independent predictors were identified by univariate analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and a nomogram was developed based on a multivariate logistic regression model. The validity and clinical practicality of this nomogram were assessed using concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curves (CIC).ResultsThe predictive factors in the multivariate model included the duration of diabetes, history of hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The three-variable model displayed medium prediction ability with an AUROC of 0.722 (95%CI 0.696-0.748) in the training set, 0.715 (95%CI 0.670-0.754) in the internal set, and 0.703 (95%CI 0.552-0.853) in the external dataset. DCA showed that the threshold probability of DR in diabetic patients was 17-55% according to the nomogram, and CIC also showed that the nomogram could be applied clinically if the risk threshold exceeded 30%. An operation interface on a webpage (https://cqmuxss.shinyapps.io/dr_tjj/) was built to improve the clinical utility of the nomogram.ConclusionsThe predictive model developed based on a minimal amount of clinical data available to diabetic patients with restricted medical resources could help primary healthcare practitioners promptly identify potential retinopathy.
Integrated photovoltaic storage joint smoothing strategy based on simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm
Authors: Yujing He , Jie Chen , Xueqin Tian , Yafei Wang 
Published: January 2023

In order to realize the real-time control of photovoltaic power generation smoothly connected to the grid under the condition that the energy storage equipment can operate safely, a control strategy combining the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithm with rule control is designed. Firstly, the photovoltaic data are processed to extract the data characteristics of the power ramp, and then the grid-connected reference power is obtained through SPSA algorithm. Secondly, considering the state of charge (SOC) of energy storage equipment and the safe operating power range of hydrogen storage equipment, 24 hybrid energy storage power allocation rules are formulated by using the rule control method. Finally, according to the sampling data of every 10 s interval in typical day, the simulation is carried out on MATLAB/simulink platform. The results show that, compared with the first-order low-pass filtering algorithm and recursive fuzzy neural network (RFNN) algorithm, the SPSA algorithm has stronger smoothing ability, and the rule control can also complete the allocation according to the characteristics of the hybrid storage device while ensuring its normal operation.
Detection of silver nanoparticles inside leaf of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Authors: Ballikaya Paula , Mateos José María , Brunner Ivano , Kaech Andres , Cherubini Paolo 
Published: January 2023

In a greenhouse experiment, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were applied on European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) leaves using the droplet application method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses showed that after 24 h silver nanoparticles were mostly present in aggregates or as single particles on the surface of the leaf, surrounding or covering the stomata. Analyses of cross sections of the leaf revealed that some silver nanoparticles were adhering to the cell walls of the mesophyll and palisade cells, most likely after penetration into the leaf through the stomata as particles and not as Ag ions. Our preliminary results showed evidence of foliar uptake of silver nanoparticles in European beech. This opens new insights on the ability of trees to take up solid nanosized particles, eventually contained in raindrops, through their leaves, and potentially transport them to other parts of the tree. This study would be helpful for investigating the role of trees in atmospheric ultrafine particle mitigation.
High expression of RNF169 is associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma by regulating tumour immune infiltration
Authors: Wang Jieyan , Chen Hanghang , Deng Qiong , Chen Yeda , Wang Zhu , Yan Zhengzheng , Wang Yinglin , Tang Haoxuan , Liang Hui , Jiang Yong 
Published: January 2023

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a highly deadly and aggressive tumour with a poor prognosis. However, the prognostic value of RNF169 and its related mechanisms in PAAD have not been elucidated. In this study, we aimed to explore prognosis-related genes, especially RNF169 in PAAD and to identify novel potential prognostic predictors of PAAD.Methods: The GEPIA and UALCAN databases were used to investigate the expression and prognostic value of RNF169 in PAAD. The correlation between RNF169 expression and immune infiltration was determined by using TIMER and TISIDB. Correlation analysis with starBase was performed to identify a potential regulatory axis of lncRNA-miRNA-RNF169.Results: The data showed that the level of RNF169 mRNA expression in PAAD tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. High RNF169 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in PAAD. In addition, analysis with the TISIDB and TIMER databases revealed that RNF169 expression was positively correlated with tumour immune infiltration in PAAD. Correlation analysis suggested that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AL049555.1 and the microRNA (miRNA) hsa-miR-324-5p were involved in the expression of RNF169, composing a potential regulatory axis to control the progression of PAAD. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses indicated that RNF169 plays a role in PAAD through pathways such as TNF, Hippo, JAK-STAT and Toll-like receptor signaling.Conclusion: In summary, the upregulation of RNF169 expression mediated by ncRNAs might influence immune cell infiltration in the microenvironment; thus, it can be used as a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in PAAD.
COVID-19 inhibits spermatogenesis in the testes by inducing cellular senescence
Authors: Wang Zuomin , Ma Yuxiang , Chen Zude , Yang Riwei , Liu Qinwei , Pan Jinyou , Wang Jiamin , Liu Yangzhou , Zhou Mingda , Zhang Yihan , Zhou Yuhao , Yang Shuxin , Zou Bangyu , Lin Jingwei , Cai Yingxin , Jiang Zheng , Zhou Zhen , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has been linked to organ damage in humans since its worldwide outbreak. It can also induce severe sperm damage, according to research conducted at numerous clinical institutions. However, the exact mechanism of damage is still unknown.Methods: In this study, testicular bulk-RNA-seq Data were downloaded from three COVID-19 patients and three uninfected controls from GEO to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 infection on spermatogenesis. Relative expression of each pathway and the correlation between genes or pathways were analyzed by bioinformatic methods.Results: By detecting the relative expression of each pathway and the correlation between genes or pathways, we found that COVID-19 could induce testicular cell senescence through MAPK signaling pathway. Cellular senescence was synergistic with MAPK pathway, which further affected the normal synthesis of cholesterol and androgen, inhibited the normal synthesis of lactate and pyruvate, and ultimately affected spermatogenesis. The medications targeting MAPK signaling pathway, especially MAPK1 and MAPK14, are expected to be effective therapeutic medications for reducing COVID-19 damage to spermatogenesis.Conclusion: These results give us a new understanding of how COVID-19 inhibits spermatogenesis and provide a possible solution to alleviate this damage.
Standard immunosuppressive treatment reduces regulatory B cells in children with autoimmune liver disease
Authors: Yuksel Muhammed , Nazmi Farinaz , Wardat Dima , Akgül Sebahat , Polat Esra , Akyildiz Murat , Arikan Çigdem 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease caused by a perturbed immune system. The scarcity of short- and long-term immune monitoring of AIH hampered us to comprehend the interaction between immunosuppressive medication and immune homeostasis.Methods and patientsWe recruited children with AIH at the time of diagnosis and at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th months of immunosuppression (IS). We also enrolled children with AIH being on IS for &gt;2 years. Children with drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and those receiving tacrolimus after liver transplantation (LT), were enrolled as disease/IS control subjects. Healthy children (HC) were also recruited. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from all participants. Healthy liver tissue from adult donors and from livers without inflammation were obtained from children with hepatoblastoma. By using flow cytometry, we performed multi-parametric immune profiling of PBMCs and intrahepatic lymphocytes. Additionally, after IS with prednisolone, tacrolimus, rapamycin, or 6-mercaptopurine, we carried out an in vitro cytokine stimulation assay. Finally, a Lifecodes SSO typing kit was used to type HLA-DRB1 and Luminex was used to analyze the results.ResultsUntreated AIH patients had lower total CD8 T-cell frequencies than HC, but these cells were more naïve. While the percentage of naïve regulatory T cells (Tregs) (CD4+FOXP3lowCD45RA+) and regulatory B cells (Bregs, CD20+CD24+CD38+) was similar, AIH patients had fewer activated Tregs (CD4+FOXP3highCD45RA-) compared to HC. Mucosal-associated-invariant-T-cells (MAIT) were also lower in these patients. Following the initiation of IS, the immune profiles demonstrated fluctuations. Bregs frequency decreased substantially at 1 month and did not recover anymore. Additionally, the frequency of intrahepatic Bregs in treated AIH patients was lower, compared to control livers, DILI, and LT patients. Following in vitro IS drugs incubation, only the frequency of IL-10-producing total B-cells increased with tacrolimus and 6MP. Lastly, 70% of AIH patients possessed HLA-DR11, whereas HLA-DR03/DR07/DR13 was present in only some patients.ConclusionHLA-DR11 was prominent in our AIH cohort. Activated Tregs and MAIT cell frequencies were lower before IS. Importantly, we discovered a previously unrecognized and long-lasting Bregs scarcity in AIH patients after IS. Tacrolimus and 6MP increased IL-10+ B-cells in vitro.
Serum IL-5 levels predict HBsAg seroclearance in patients treated with Nucleos(t)ide analogues combined with pegylated interferon
Authors: Wang Peipei , Mo Zhishuo , Zhang Ying , Guo Chunxia , Chikede Trevor Kudzai , Chen Dabiao , Lei Ziying , Gao Zhiliang , Zhang Qian , Tong Qiaoxia 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundKnowing about cytokine profile contributes to clarify the underling immune mechanism of HBsAg seroclearance rate increase. This study aims to investigate cytokine changes during nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) and peginterferon-α (Peg-IFNα) therapy and their impact on the HBsAg serologic response.MethodsA total of 78 HBV DNA-negative chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) patients were studied after a lead-in phase of NAs with complete serum cytokines. Serum cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α) were quantified by flow cytometry (FCM) every 24 weeks, before, during and at the end of NAs and Peg-IFNα treatment. Clinical and laboratory data were also taken at the same time. Analysis was performed between cured and uncured groups characterized by HBsAg seroclearance. PBMCs samples from five patients (two in cured group and three in uncured group) were analyzed by FCM.ResultsHBsAg seroclearance was achieved in 30 (38,5%) patients defined as the cured group. In comparison to uncured individuals, cured patients showed similar expressions of serum IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α during the treatment of NAs and Peg-IFNα. Compared with the uncured groups, IL-5 was remarkably increased in cured patients. IL-5 at weeks 24 and 48 were associated with HBsAg seroconversion (p=0.033 and 0.027, respectively). PBMCs sample analysis confirmed the predicted value of IL-5 in response to NAs and Peg-IFNα treatment.ConclusionsIL-5 at weeks 24 and 48 might be used as a biomarker for HBsAg seroclearance in NAs-experienced CHB patients treated with NAs combined with Peg-IFNα. More importantly, exploiting the expression of this cytokine may help to develop a better understanding of the immune pathogenesis of chronic HBV infection.