bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kosovo – From Occupation to Liberation: a Historical Perspective From the Balkan Wars 1912/13 to the War of Kosovo 1998/99
Authors: Ademi Haxhi , Hasani Oktaj 
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the research paper is to study examines Kosovo’s political, economic, social and cultural developments under Serbian occupation from 1912-1913 to 1998-1999.
The scientific novelty. The paper highlights the key factors that led Kosovo Albanians to initiate armed resistance during the period 1998-1999, demonstrates that this conflict was a consequence of systematic discrimination against Albanians. It’s will enable to better understand the historical trajectory of Kosovo from its occupation in 1912-1913, to its eventual liberation in 1999.
Conclusions. The London Conference of 1912-1913, was the main determinant of the fate of the territory of Kosovo. This is due to the fact that from this conference the territory of Kosovo remained under the rule of the state of Serbia, until June 1999 when it was finally liberated, to then declare independence on February 17, 2008.
Serbia, through various programs, including the Serbian academic program Vasa Cubrilovic, aimed to depopulate Kosovo from Albanian residents. To achieve this goal, the Serbian state, under the mask of the SCS Kingdom first, then in the Yugoslav Federation, took some key actions, among which: 1. Denationalization of the ethnic Albanian population; 2. The agreement on depopulation of Kosovo, and 3. The colonization of Kosovo by Serb population.
In 1960s illegal movements in Kosovo began to intensify, which consisted of mainly youth organizations aimed at seceding Kosovo from Yugoslavia and joining Albania. The intensification of this activity gave an impact on the organization of student demonstrations of 1968 in the territory of Kosovo. As a result of these demonstrations: 1. The University of Prishtina opened in 1970, 2. The national flag for Albanians was allowed, 3. In 1974, Kosovo gained autonomy, thus being recognized as the autonomous Socialist province of Kosovo.
In 1989 Kosovo lost the status of an autonomous Socialist Province. The abolition of Kosovo autonomy in 1989 paved the way for the development of extreme nationalism in Yugoslavia, with a special emphasis on Serbia, while the key figure of this nationalism from which Kosovo first suffered was Slobodan Milosevic.
This step of 1989 to prompted Albanians to create separate institutions in Kosovo, which acted as separate from Serbia, which went so far as Kosovo in 1991 declared itself a Republic within Yugoslavia. Until 1997, Kosovo was pursuing a non-violent passive resistance, but seeing that this policy was not bringing positive results, the Kosovo Albanians formed the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) military guerrilla, through which from 1997 to 1999, violent resistance against Yugoslav state structures that were committing crimes and massacres in Kosovo has also begun. The crimes and massacres committed by the Serb-Yugoslav side, led to the start of the NATO bombing in Kosovo on March 24, 1999, which became a key factor for the liberation of Kosovo from Serbia.
Foucault, care of the self and the privileged status of old age
Authors: Gilleard Chris 
Published: January 2025

This paper draws attention to Foucault’s 1981/82 lecture series on The Hermeneutics of the Self . These contain perhaps the only direct reference Foucault ever made to the topic of old age. In them, he observes how, in the first and second centuries of the Common Era, Greco-Roman philosophy shifted its emphasis from ‘knowing thyself’ to ‘becoming one’s self’. While these writers saw the practice of the arts of living as desirable at every stage of life, they considered them most effectively cultivated in later life, when the individual is least constrained by the subjectifications imposed by the world. Their focus upon the ‘arts of living’ was later replaced by what Foucault considererd a ‘rules of living’ approach, evident in the early Christian church teachings, and later by the institutions of the state. Foucault’s endorsement of the art of living in later life can in turn be contrasted with other modern thinkers who have perpetuated such ‘rules of living’ approaches. Set against Foucault’s support for an aesthetics of lifestyle, writers working largely within an ageing studies/gerontology framework have advocated what might be called a public health endorsed agenda to age actively or successfully or have prescribed other morally desirable pathways for older people to develop integrity, self-realisation and/or bodily transcendence. Foucault’s advocacy of an art of living in later life has been neglected by those using his work to emphasise the governance, rather than the freedoms of old age. Drawing attention to these overlooked lectures may help re-balance this view.
Rab10-associated tubulation as an early marker for biogenesis of the assembly compartment in cytomegalovirus-infected cells
Authors: Mahmutefendić Lučin Hana , Štimac Igor , Marcelić Marina , Skočaj Matej , Lisnić Berislav , Omerović Alen , Viduka Ivona , Radić Barbara , Karleuša Ljerka , Blagojević Zagorac Gordana , Deželjin Martina , Jurak Begonja Antonija , Lučin Pero 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection reorganizes early endosomes (EE), recycling endosome (RE), and trans-Golgi network (TGN) and expands their intermediates into a large perinuclear structure that forms the inner part of the cytoplasmic assembly complex (AC). The reorganization begins and results with the basic configuration (known as pre-AC) in the early (E) phase of infection, but the sequence of developmental steps is not yet well understood. One of the first signs of the establishment of the inner pre-AC, which can be observed by immunofluorescence, is the accumulation of Rab10. This study aims to investigate whether Rab10-positive domain (Rab10-PD) is expanded during the E phase of infection.MethodsWe performed long-term live imaging of EGFP-Rab10 with epifluorescence imaging-enhanced digital holotomographic microscopy (DHTM), confocal imaging of known Rab10 interactors and identification of important Rab10 interactors with the proximity-dependent biotin identification assay (BioID). The accumulation of Rab10-PD was analyzed after knock-down of EHBP1 and Rabin8, two proteins that facilitate Rab10 recruitment to membranes, and after blocking of PI(4,5)P2 by PI(4,5)P2-binding protein domains.ResultsOur study shows the gradual expansion of Rab10-PD in the inner pre-AC, the association of Rab10 with EHBP1 and MICAL-L1, and the dependence of Rab10-PD expansion on EHBP1 and PI(4,5)P2 but not Rabin8, indicating the expansion of EE-derived tubular recycling endosome-like membranes in the pre-AC. Silencing of Rab10 and EHBP1 suggests that Rab10-PD expansion is not required for the establishment of the inner pre-AC nor for the expansion of downstream tubular domains.ConclusionThe present work characterizes one of the earliest sequences in the establishment of pre-AC and suggests that subsets of EE-derived tubular membranes may serve as the earliest biomarkers in pre-AC biogenesis. Our study also indicates that the pre-AC biogenesis is complex and likely involves multiple parallel processes, of which Rab10-PD expansion is one. Our experiments, particularly our silencing experiments, show that Rab10 and EHBP-1 do not play a significant role in the later stages of inner pre-AC biogenesis or in the expansion of downstream tubular domains. A more comprehensive understanding of the tubular domain expansion remains to be established.
Clinical characteristics and the role of IL-6 in acute-on-chronic liver failure patients with or without COVID-19: a multicenter paired cohort study
Authors: Yao Ruoyu , Xu Guofen , Fu Xiujuan , Zhang Wenrui , Wang Han , Chen Yu , Yao Jia 
Published: January 2025

Background and AimsThe impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) remains unclear. To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with ACLF complicated with COVID-19 in order to provide evidence for the precise treatment of this patient population.MethodsA total of 34 ACLF patients with COVID-19 admitted to these three hospitals from December 2022 to August 2023 were included as the ACLF+COVID-19 group. Additionally, 34 age-, gender-, etiology-, and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium (MELD-Na) score-matched ACLF patients were screened from 286 ACLF patients as the ACLF group. From 382 COVID-19 patients, 34 were selected as the COVID-19 group, matching the ACLF+COVID-19 group in age, gender, and illness severity. Clinical features of these three groups were compared, with the primary measure being the 28-day mortality rate in the ACLF patients and the secondary measures including clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, comorbidities, and complications in three groups.ResultsCompared with the ACLF group, the ACLF+COVID-19 group had significantly higher incidence rates of fever, cough, sputum production, fatigue, and hypoxemia (all p&lt;0.01). Patients in the ACLF+COVID-19 group were more likely to have hepatic encephalopathy (p=0.015), lower platelet count (p=0.016) and elevated IL-6 level (p=0.026), and higher MELD-Na score (p=0.041) one week after admission, but without a significant increase in 28-day mortality rate (p=0.16).ConclusionsACLF patients with COVID-19 have increased risk for thrombocytopenia, more obvious inflammatory response, and rapid disease progression 1 week after admission, but the 28-day mortality rate is similar to that of ACLF patients without COVID-19.
Depression-related innate immune genes and pan-cancer gene analysis and validation
Authors: Yang Yakun , Han Wei , Zhang Xiaoyu , Yuan Hao , Wang Ran , Yang Jia , An Cuixia , Huang Dongyang 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDepression, a prevalent chronic mental disorder, presents complexities and treatment challenges that drive researchers to seek new, precise therapeutic targets. Additionally, the potential connection between depression and cancer has garnered significant attention.MethodsThis study analyzed depression-related gene expression data from the GEO database. Using data normalization, differential expression analysis, WGCNA, and machine learning, we identified core genes strongly associated with depression. These genes were validated in depression patients through q-PCR and examined for expression patterns and potential roles across various cancers.ResultsWe identified six core genes (GRB10, TDRD9, BCL7A, GPR18, KLRG1, and THEM4) significantly associated with depression and cancer. In depression, GRB10 and TDRD9, involved in cell growth and stress responses, exhibited elevated expression, while BCL7A, GPR18, KLRG1, and THEM4, linked to immune regulation and apoptosis, showed reduced expression, suggesting dysregulated cellular signaling and impaired immune function. In cancer, these genes displayed altered expression patterns across tumor types, influencing tumor progression, prognosis, and immune microenvironment modulation. Shared molecular pathways, such as immune dysregulation and apoptosis, highlight their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for both depression and cancer.ConclusionThis study integrates bioinformatics and machine learning to uncover key molecular pathways and targets for depression, introducing innovative therapeutic prospects that may enhance precision treatment for depression. Furthermore, by revealing shared mechanisms between depression and cancer, we have identified six core genes with significant functional roles in immune regulation, apoptosis, and cellular signaling. These findings not only deepen our understanding of the molecular overlap between these conditions but also lay the groundwork for developing dual-targeted therapeutic strategies. This study uniquely contributes to bridging mental health and oncology research, offering new insights and hope for improving patient outcomes in both fields.
Surgical interventions for simple phakic fovea-splitting rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a comparative study of scleral buckling and pars plana vitrectomy
Authors: Zhu Haiqin , Pan Qintuo , Zhang Zhaoliang , Zhang Zongduan , Ma Xiaoyin , Hu Xuting 
Published: January 2025

AimsTo compare the efficiency of scleral buckling (SB) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without SB in patients with primary simple phakic fovea-splitting rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).MethodsA retrospective case–control study included 101 patients aged &lt;55 years diagnosed with phakic fovea-splitting RRD. The primary outcome was functional success, defined as achieving a postoperative logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity of 0.3 or better at 6 months post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included primary and final anatomical success and postoperative complications.ResultsFifty-one eyes underwent SB, and 50 eyes underwent PPV. In the SB group, 31 eyes (60.8%) achieved functional success compared with 22 eyes (44.0%) in the PPV group (p = 0.091). There was no significant difference in the primary anatomical success (SB = 94.1%, PPV = 94.0%) and final anatomical success (SB = 100%, PPV = 100%). The incidences of ocular hypertension, epiretinal proliferation, cystoid macular edema, and persistent subretinal fluid in the SB group were 37.3% (p = 0.059), 5.9% (p = 0.034), 3.9% (p = 0.051), and 74.5% (p &lt; 0.001), respectively, whereas in the PPV group they were 56.0, 20.0, 16.0, and 22.0%, respectively. In multivariable analyses, PPV was significantly associated with epiretinal proliferation formation (OR: 4.000, 95% CI: 1.030–15.534, p = 0.045).ConclusionSB may offer comparable outcomes to PPV in managing phakic fovea-splitting RRD, and careful surgical technique selection is advised due to postoperative complications.
Who is WithMe? EEG features for attention in a visual task, with auditory and rhythmic support
Authors: Turkeš Renata , Mortier Steven , De Winne Jorg , Botteldooren Dick , Devos Paul , Latré Steven , Verdonck Tim 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe study of attention has been pivotal in advancing our comprehension of cognition. The goal of this study is to investigate which EEG data representations or features are most closely linked to attention, and to what extent they can handle the cross-subject variability.MethodsWe explore the features obtained from the univariate time series from a single EEG channel, such as time domain features and recurrence plots, as well as representations obtained directly from the multivariate time series, such as global field power or functional brain networks. To address the cross-subject variability in EEG data, we also investigate persistent homology features that are robust to different types of noise. The performance of the different EEG representations is evaluated with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) accuracy on the WithMe data derived from a modified digit span experiment, and is benchmarked against baseline EEG-specific models, including a deep learning architecture known for effectively learning task-specific features.ResultsThe raw EEG time series outperform each of the considered data representations, but can fall short in comparison with the black-box deep learning approach that learns the best features.DiscussionThe findings are limited to the WithMe experimental paradigm, highlighting the need for further studies on diverse tasks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of their utility in the analysis of EEG data.
Association between serum pyridoxal 5′-phosphate levels and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: findings based on NHANES 2005–2010
Authors: Liu Yanbin , Yan Jun 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveVitamin B6 is involved in regulating a variety of biological reactions in cell metabolism, and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological functions. 5′-pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is the main biologically active form of vitamin B6. There is currently no research on the correlation between serum PLP levels and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence. This study aims to explore the relationship between serum PLP levels and COPD prevalence.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included adult participants with complete data on COPD diagnosis and serum PLP levels from 2005 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Generalized linear model (GLM) was employed to analyze the association between serum PLP levels and COPD prevalence. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve and threshold effect analysis were used to explore the potential non-linear relationship between serum PLP levels and COPD prevalence. Subgroup analysis was carried out to assess the robustness of the relationship between serum PLP levels and COPD prevalence.ResultsA total of 11,103 participants were included in this study, of whom 830 were diagnosed with COPD. Higher PLP levels are associated with a reduced prevalence of COPD. GLM analysis confirmed that the groups with higher PLP levels (Q3 and Q4) had a significantly lower prevalence rate of COPD compared to the group of Q2. The RCS curves showed a non-linear “L”-shaped relationship between serum PLP levels and COPD prevalence. The threshold effect analysis found a critical point of 43.3 nmol/L. When serum PLP level is below 43.3 nmol/L, there is a negative correlation between serum PLP levels and COPD prevalence (p for overall &lt;0.001, p for nonlinear &lt;0.001). Subgroup analysis and interaction tests confirmed the robustness of the relationship.ConclusionThis study is the first to discover a non-linear relationship between serum PLP levels and COPD prevalence. Higher serum PLP levels are associated with a reduced prevalence of COPD.
Effect of taurine supplementation on preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in pediatrics under mechanical ventilation, a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Shirzad-Yazdi Nasrin , Shorafa Eslam , Abootalebi Seyedeh Narjes , Heidari Reza , Hojabri Katayoon , Doostfatemeh Marziyeh , Masjedi Fatemeh , Vazin Afsaneh , Shafiekhani Mojtaba 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionOne of the most prevalent healthcare-associated infections in the pediatric intensive care unit is ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). VAP not only results in prolonged hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays but also imposes higher costs on patients and the healthcare system. Therefore, it is essential to implement preventive measures. The lung-protective properties of taurine are recognized, and this research focuses on assessing the impact of taurine supplementation in preventing VAP.MethodThis double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted at Namazi Hospital's PICUs. The study included pediatrics on mechanical ventilation for over 48 h. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: the taurine and placebo groups. Alongside the standard care, participants from both groups were administered taurine or placebo capsules (30 mg/kg. day) in divided doses from the day of PICU admission through PICU discharge. The incidence of VAP through clinical and laboratory evidence was considered the primary outcome.ResultsSeventy-seven patients were included in the study, with 38 in the taurine group and 39 in the placebo group. VAP incidence was 7.9% in the taurine group and 64.1% in the placebo group. Taurine significantly reduced the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU and hospital stay, and inotrope duration. The occurrence of septic shock was lower in the taurine group at 5.3%. Stepwise logistic regression showed that placebo receipt was the only risk factor for VAP, with placebo recipients being 20.8 times more likely to develop VAP. (P &lt; 0.0001, OR 20.8, 95% CI 6.11–97.93) Taurine treatment also significantly reduced inflammatory markers such as CRP, pro-calcitonin, and interleukin-6 compared to placebo.ConclusionOur results showed that taurine supplementation can reduce the incidence of VAP and the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU, and hospital stay in critically ill pediatric patients.
Registration number of the clinical trialThis study received approval from the Iranian registry clinical trial, registered on 29 June 2023 (IRCT20120731010453N4, http://www.irct.ir/).
Indigenous Maya-Mam leadership competencies: a grounded theory study
Authors: Lamino Pablo , Boren-Alpízar Amy E. , Headrick Jason , Burris Scott , Carpio Carlos 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study explores the leadership competencies within the Indigenous Maya-Mam community, aiming to understand the specific skills and qualities exhibited by Maya-Mam leaders. The research seeks to address the gap in literature regarding Indigenous leadership practices, particularly focusing on how cultural values influence leadership behaviors.MethodsQualitative methods were employed for this study, including interviews and thematic analysis. Data collection took place in various Maya-Mam communities in Guatemala, where participants were selected based on their roles and experiences within the community leadership structures.ResultsThe study identified several key competencies among Maya-Mam leaders, including leading by example, promoting inclusive leadership, valuing bilingual proficiency, and emphasizing community solidarity. These competencies underscored the leaders’ roles as both inspirations and facilitators of community development.DiscussionThe findings suggest that Maya-Mam leadership is deeply rooted in cultural values and community dynamics, influencing how leaders engage with their roles and responsibilities. This aligns with broader research on Indigenous leadership, highlighting similarities and unique aspects of Maya-Mam leadership practices. The study underscores the importance of understanding local contexts and cultural values in leadership development initiatives within Indigenous communities. Future research could further explore comparative studies across different Indigenous groups to enhance understanding and inform effective leadership strategies.
PENGARUH RETURN ON EQUITY DAN RETURN ON ASSET TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN OTOMOTIF DAN KOMPONEN
Authors: Rengganis Sekar Putri , Manda Gusganda Suria 
Published: January 2025

The study is intended to examine the impact of ROA and ROE on stock prices in automotive and component sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2018-2022 period. Samples were collected using purposive sampling techniques. From a large population of 11 companies, a sample of 6 automotive and component sub-sector companies has been obtained. So, the number of samples studied amounted to 30 data calculated for 5 periods. Secondary data taken from financial statements are collected to meet research interests. SPSS 29 with multiple linear analysis techniques is used to process the collected data. The study concluded that ROA does not have a significant effect on stock prices. ROE alone or partially has no relevant impact on stock prices. Simultaneously, ROA and ROE contain no relevant impact on stock prices.

Kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk menelaah dampak ROA dan ROE atas harga saham di perusahaan sub sektor otomotif dan komponen yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2018-2022. Sampel yang dikumpulkan memakai teknik purposive sampling. Dari banyaknya populasi sejumlah 11 perusahaan, telah didapat sampel sejumlah 6 perusahaan sub sektor otomotif dan komponen. Jadi, jumlah sampel yang diteliti sejumlah 30 data yang dihitung selama 5 periode. Data sekunder diambil dari laporan keuangan dikumpulkan untuk memenuhi kepentingan penelitian. SPSS 29 dengan teknik analsis linear berganda digunakan untuk mengolah data yang terkumpul. Penelitian menciptakan kesimpulan yakni ROA tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan pada harga saham. ROE dengan cara sendiri-sendiri atau tidak mempunyai dampak yang relevan pada harga saham. Secara simultan ROA dan ROE tidak mengandung dampak yang relevan pada harga saham.