bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of electrode pitch on resonant and capacitive characteristics in X-cut LiNbO3 membrane-based laterally-excited bulk acoustic resonator
Authors: Zhou Jie , Fan Yuchen , Tong Xin , Luo Tiancheng , Liu Jieyu , Zou Yang , Liu Wenjuan , Liu Yan , Soon Jeffrey Bo Woon , Cai Yao , Sun Chengliang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The laterally-excited bulk acoustic resonators (XBARs) have been gaining attention for their use as radio frequency filters due to their ability to resonate at high frequencies (>5 GHz) and wide fractional bandwidth. However, the limited cognition about the resonant characteristics of XBARs remains an obstacle for its commercial application. In this paper, the influence of electrode pitch (

P

) on resonant frequency (

f

res

), quality factor (

Q

) and effective electromechanical coupling coefficient (

K

eff

2

) in X-cut LiNbO3 membrane-based resonators are investigated for both the XBAR mode and first-order asymmetry mode (

A
1

). The XBAR mode with

f

res

above 8 GHz was excited at a metallization ratio (

η

) less than 0.5 when

P

was within 5

μ

m

to 10

μ

m

, as well as

η

less than 0.6 when

P

was within 15

μ

m

to 20

μ

m

. Meanwhile, we revealed that increasing

P

had negligible effect on the

f

res

of XBAR mode but did produce a positive improvement on its

K

eff

2

and

Q

. In contrast, both

f

res

and

Q

of the

A
1

mode gradually declined with increasing

P

. In addition, we have demonstrated the disparity between simulated and calculated

C
0

as a function of

η

, varying with

P

, to achieve a more accurate prediction of capacitance behavior in resonators. Overall, this work has demonstrated the complex relationship of resonant and capacitance properties of X-cut membrane-based resonators on the electrode pitch, which will aid in optimal designing of high-performance filters.
Characterization of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride-loaded iron sand-based Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Putri Witha Berlian Kesuma , Sausan Zakiya Nibras , Asri Nining Sumawati , Setiadi Eko Arief , Hardiansyah Andri 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Iron sand-based Fe3O4 nanoparticles–polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers were processed inside an electrospinning system at room temperature. The incorporation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles into the PVDF matrix decreases the diameter of the fibers. The presence of the Fe3O4 crystalline phase in the electrospun PVDF-Fe3O4 fiber indicates the unchanged Fe3O4 crystal structure. The surface morphology of the samples was altered considerably after the electrospinning and heating processes. Infrared spectroscopy identification confirmed the PVDF α to β-phase transformation in the PVDF and PVDF-Fe3O4 fibers. The thermal analysis detected a higher residual mass of the PVDF-Fe3O4 sample than that of the pure PVDF at high temperatures. Through the hysteresis characteristics, a ferromagnetic behaviour was observed for all samples. The efficient and low-cost fabrication of the PVDF-Fe3O4 fibers could be considered practical for diverse applications of nanotechnology.
Effect of the measurement contact scale on the thermomechanical characterization of biocomposite surfaces
Authors: Chegdani Faissal , El Mansori Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a multiscale surface characterization of biocomposites using the nanoindentation technique to identify the functional relationship between the measurement contact scale and the thermomechanical response of each biocomposite component, typically natural plant fibers and the polymer matrix. Flax fiber reinforced polypropylene composites are considered in this investigation. The measurement contact scale in nanoindentation is monitored by the tip indenter radius that ranges from ∼ 10 nm to ∼ 400 nm using different nanoindentation devices (AFM and commercial triboindenters). The thermal contribution is considered by heating the samples during the nanoindentation experiments. Finally, the outputs from multiscale nanoindentation experiments are confronted with the thermomechanical properties reported in the literature with conventional tensile tests as a reference. The results of this paper show the fundamental importance of considering contact scale measurement when characterizing the mechanical properties of biocomposites. Indeed, flax fibers are highly affected by the geometrical contact scale of indentation, while polypropylene does not show a significant dependence on the contact scale. On the other side, flax fibers show a specific multiscale thermomechanical behavior that is related to their hygrometric properties.
Concurrent validity of the Professional Fulfillment Index in a sample of pharmacy residents and preceptors
Authors: Gustafson Kyle A , Bates Brittany , Cline Kristine M , Gothard M David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to validate the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index (PFI) for assessment of burnout and professional fulfillment in a study population of pharmacy residents and residency preceptors.

Summary
The historical gold standard for assessing professional burnout is the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI); there is no established standard for professional fulfillment. The PFI is a 16-question assessment that has previously been validated in medical residents and practicing physicians. In this study, surveys including both PFI and MBI items were sent to active pharmacy residents and residency preceptors. To determine concurrent validity, domains of the PFI were compared to the closest related MBI domain as well as composite burnout rates measured in each portion of the survey. A total of 142 preceptors and 68 residents completed both the PFI and a version of the MBI previously validated in physicians. In assessing indicators of pharmacist burnout and fulfillment, data captured by domains of the PFI closely correlated with data captured by corresponding domains of the MBI (Pearson correlations of 0.683-0.822), with high internal consistency (Cronbach α of 0.866-0.903).

Conclusion
The PFI is a valid method of assessing burnout in both pharmacy residents and residency preceptors. Additionally, the PFI contributes a reliable system of assessing professional fulfillment while also being highly accessible for both research and residency program monitoring applications.
Characteristics of Peak Exposure of Semiconductor Workers to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields
Authors: Park Ju-Hyun , Choi Sangjun , Koh Dong-Hee , Park Jihoon , Kim Won , Park Dong-Uk 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesPeak exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) among semiconductor workers was characterized by type of factory, operation, and job.MethodsA portable EMDEX meter was used to monitor the ELF-MF exposure of 117 semiconductor workers who are involved in wafer fabrication (fab) and assembly operations. ELF-MF measurements were logged every 3 s and categorized by process and job or activity during working hours. Two values of 0.5 and 1 μT were adopted subjectively as cutoff values of peak exposure levels based on a literature review.ResultsAll semiconductor workers who were involved in diffusion, ion implanter operation, module, and chip test were exposed to ELF-MF higher than 0.5 μT during their entire working time. Engineers who maintained electric facilities in the semiconductor operations were exposed to the highest ELF-MF peak levels (2.5 μT on average above 0.5 μT and 3.6 μT on average above 1 μT). Operators working in chip testing showed the highest daily contribution of their peak levels to their daily average ELF-MF exposure levels (98.1% and 83.9%). In contrast, chemical mechanical planarization engineers, wafer test operators, and administrative workers outside clean rooms showed average exposure to less than 0.5 μT and a low proportion of duration of time exposed above either the 0.5 μT or 1 μT peak level points, along with a low daily contribution of peak exposure levels (16.0, 11.9, and 18.7%).ConclusionsMost of the activities and working locations next to machines generating ELF-MF in semiconductor operations showed high contributions of ELF-MF peak exposure to daily exposure dose despite their relative minor fraction of workers’ daily time.
Gynoecium structure and pollen tube pathway in the cactus family with emphasis on tribe Trichocereeae (Cactaceae: Cactoideae)
Authors: González Valeria Vanesa , Zini Lucía Melisa , Ortega-Baes Pablo , Ferrucci María Silvia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe structural details of the gynoecium are key to understanding the reproductive systems and successful diversification of flowering plants. However, the gynoecium morpho-anatomy in South American species of Cactaceae that evolved in the Andean region remains largely unknown. Here we selected 18 species, most of them of evolutionarily related genera of Cactaceae tribe Trichocereeae, to conduct a detailed comparative study. Observations were made using light, fluorescence, differential interference contrast and scanning electron microscopy. Most of the characters of the ovary and ovule were typical of the family, except for the nucellar beak in Echinopsis aurea and E. haematantha, here reported for the first time in cacti. We found evidence suggesting that the stigmatic surface covered with multiseriate trichomes, the semi-closed style type and the pollen tube transmitting tract are conserved characters among species of Trichocereeae; this finding may be explained by a phylogenetic conservatism of the investigated genera of the tribe. We integrated the available information about structural and histological characters of the gynoecium in the family, taking into account the current phylogenetic context of the examined genera. Our results reinforce the significance of floral anatomical traits for the systematics of Cactaceae.
Lymph node metastatic patterns and the development of multidisciplinary treatment for esophageal cancer
Authors: Matsuda Satoru , Takeuchi Masashi , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: March 2023

SummaryAbundant lymphatic flow and the anatomical location of the esophagus can result in the widespread distribution of lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer from the cervical to the abdominal field. Historically, the Japan Esophageal Society and American Joint Committee on Cancer offer two different classifications of lymph node group location surrounding the esophagus. The location of sentinel lymph nodes in midthoracic esophageal cancer reflects the variety of lymphatic drainage routes. In fact, in cT1N0 esophageal cancer, pathological lymph node metastasis has been observed from the cervical to the abdominal field, and the locations were shown to be closely linked to the primary tumor location in advanced stages. While the impact of histology on the distribution of LN metastasis has been extensively debated, a recent prospective study on esophagogastric junction cancer found that metastatic patterns did not differ by histology. Thoracic duct lymph nodes were defined as one of the regional lymph node stations in the mediastinum. Although lymph node metastasis around the thoracic duct has occasionally been observed, the oncologic impact of thoracic duct lymph node dissection has not been fully elucidated. To eradicate tumors locoregionally, three-field lymph node dissection, a strategy for extended lymph node clearance, has been established. In esophagectomy, three-field lymph node dissection is defined as a procedure for complete regional cervico-thoraco-abdominal lymph node dissection. However, its therapeutic efficacy must be evaluated based on the balance between oncological outcomes and possible added surgical risk. To further improve survival, multidisciplinary treatment consisting of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy has been established worldwide as a standard treatment for esophageal cancer. Now that neoadjuvant therapy followed by esophagectomy is the standard, adding adjuvant therapy including immunotherapy could be a promising treatment option. The ideal combination of various multidisciplinary treatment approaches and extensive LN dissection need to be established to improve the oncological outcomes for EC patients.
Non-invasive three-dimensional electrical activation mapping to predict cardiac resynchronization therapy response: site of latest left ventricular activation relative to pacing site
Authors: Parreira Leonor , Tsyganov Alexey , Artyukhina Elena , Vernooy Kevin , Tondo Claudio , Adragao Pedro , Ascione Ciro , Carmo Pedro , Carvalho Salomé , Egger Matthias , Ferreira Antonio , Ghossein Mohammed , Holm Magnus , Kalinin Vitaly , Malakhova Maria , Meine Mathias , Nunes Silvia , Podolyak Dmitry , Revishvili Amiran , Shapieva Albina , Stepanova Vera , van Stipdonk Antonius , Taymasova Irina , Wouters Philippe , Zubarev Stepan , Leyva Francisco , Auricchio Angelo , Varma Niraj 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsPacing remote from the latest electrically activated site (LEAS) in the left ventricle (LV) may diminish response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). We tested whether proximity of LV pacing site (LVPS) to LEAS, determined by non-invasive three-dimensional electrical activation mapping [electrocardiographic Imaging (ECGI)], increased likelihood of CRT response.Methods and resultsConsecutive CRT patients underwent ECGI and chest/heart computed tomography 6–24 months of post-implant. Latest electrically activated site and the distance to LVPS (dp) were assessed. Left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) reduction of ≥15% at clinical follow-up defined response. Logistic regression probabilistically modelled non-response; variables included demographics, heart failure classification, left bundle branch block (LBBB), ischaemic heart disease (IHD), atrial fibrillation, QRS duration, baseline ejection fraction (EF) and LVESV, comorbidities, use of CRT optimization algorithm, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACE)/angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, diuretics, and dp. Of 111 studied patients [64 ± 11 years, EF 28 ± 6%, implant duration 12 ± 5 months (mean ± SD), 98% had LBBB, 38% IHD], 67% responded at 10 ± 3 months post CRT-implant. Latest electrically activated sites were outside the mid-to-basal lateral segments in 35% of the patients. dp was 42 ± 23 mm [31 ± 14 mm for responders vs. 63 ± 24 mm non-responders (P &lt; 0.001)]. Longer dp and the lack of use of CRT optimization algorithm were the only independent predictors of non-response [area under the curve (AUC) 0.906]. dp of 47 mm delineated responders and non-responders (AUC 0.931).ConclusionThe distance between LV pacing site and latest electrical activation is a strong independent predictor for CRT response. Non-invasive electrical evaluation to characterize intrinsic activation and guide LV lead deployment may improve CRT efficacy.
Ovarian transcriptional response to Wolbachia infection in D. melanogaster in the context of between-genotype variation in gene expression
Authors: Frantz Sophia I , Small Clayton M , Cresko William A , Singh Nadia D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Wolbachia is a maternally transmitted endosymbiotic bacteria that infects a wide variety of arthropod and nematode hosts. The effects of Wolbachia on host biology are far-reaching and include changes in host gene expression. However, previous work on the host transcriptional response has generally been investigated in the context of a single host genotype. Thus, the relative effect of Wolbachia infection versus vs. host genotype on gene expression is unknown. Here, we explicitly test the relative roles of Wolbachia infection and host genotype on host gene expression by comparing the ovarian transcriptomes of 4 strains of Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster) infected and uninfected with Wolbachia. Our data suggest that infection explains a small amount of transcriptional variation, particularly in comparison to variation in gene expression among strains. However, infection specifically affects genes related to cell cycle, translation, and metabolism. We also find enrichment of cell division and recombination processes among genes with infection-associated differential expression. Broadly, the transcriptomic changes identified in this study provide novel understanding of the relative magnitude of the effect of Wolbachia infection on gene expression in the context of host genetic variation and also point to genes that are consistently differentially expressed in response to infection among multiple genotypes.
Bayesian detectability of induced polarization in airborne electromagnetic data
Authors: Davies L , Ley-Cooper A Y , Sutton M , Drovandi C 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARY
Detection of induced polarization (IP) effects in airborne electromagnetic measurements does not yet have an established methodology. This work contributes a Bayesian approach to the IP detectability problem using decoupled transdimensional layered models and applies an approach novel to geophysics whereby transdimensional proposals are used within the embarrassingly parallelizable and robust sequential Monte Carlo class of algorithms for the simultaneous inference of parameters and models. This algorithm allows for adaptivity considerations for multiple models and proposal types. Methodological contributions to solid Earth geophysics include the decoupled layered model approach and proposal of a statistic that uses posterior model odds for IP detectability. A case study is included investigating the detectability of IP effects in airborne electromagnetic data at a broad scale.
Local estimation of quasi-geostrophic flows in Earth’s core
Authors: Schwaiger T , Jault D , Gillet N , Schaeffer N , Mandea M 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYThe inference of fluid motion below the core–mantle boundary from geomagnetic observations presents a highly non-unique inverse problem. We propose a new method that provides a unique local estimate of the velocity field, assuming quasi-geostrophic flow in the core interior (which implies equatorial mirror symmetry) and negligible magnetic diffusion. These assumptions remove the theoretical underdetermination, enabling us to invert for the flow at each point of a spherical grid representing the core surface. The unreliable reconstruction of small-scale flows, which arises because only large-scale observations are available, is mitigated by smoothing the locally estimated velocity field using a Gaussian process regression. Application of this method to synthetic data provided by a state-of-the-art geodynamo simulation suggests that using this approach, the large-scale flow pattern of the core surface flow can be well reconstructed, while the flow amplitude tends to be underestimated. We compare these results with a core flow inversion using a Bayesian framework that incorporates statistics from numerical geodynamo models as prior information. We find that whether the latter method provides a more accurate recovery of the reference flow than the local estimation depends heavily on how realistic/relevant the chosen prior information is. Application to real geomagnetic data shows that both methods are able to reproduce the main features found in previous core flow studies.
Adjoint-state traveltime tomography for azimuthally anisotropic media in spherical coordinates
Authors: Chen Jing , Chen Guoxu , Nagaso Masaru , Tong Ping 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYTong has proposed an adjoint-state traveltime tomography method to determine velocity heterogeneity and azimuthal anisotropy. This method, however, ignores the Earth’s curvature when deriving the eikonal equation for azimuthally anisotropic media. Thus, further coordinate transformation or approximation is required to ensure the accuracy of traveltime prediction in large-scale tomography. To address this problem, we derive the eikonal equation for azimuthally anisotropic media in spherical coordinates, which naturally considers the Earth’s curvature. Another key ingredient is the forward modelling algorithm, whose accuracy and efficiency dominate the numerical error and computational cost of the inversion. In this study, we apply a modified fast sweeping method to solve the eikonal equation in spherical coordinates. Two approaches, including the third-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory approximation and multiplicative factorization technique, are applied to improve the accuracy. According to the numerical experiments, this new eikonal solver achieves a second-order accuracy and is about two orders of magnitude more accurate than the commonly used first-order fast sweeping method with similar runtime. Taking advantage of the two improvements, we develop a novel eikonal equation-based adjoint-state traveltime tomography method for azimuthally anisotropic media in spherical coordinates. This method is applicable for large-scale tomography, and its performance is verified by a synthetic checkerboard test and a practical seismic tomographic inversion in central California near Parkfield.
Potato tonoplast sugar transporter 1 controls tuber sugar accumulation during postharvest cold storage
Authors: Liu Tengfei , Kawochar Md Abu , Begum Shahnewaz , Wang Enshuang , Zhou Tingting , Jing Shenglin , Liu Tiantian , Yu Liu , Nie Bihua , Song Botao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Cold-induced sweetening (CIS), the undesirable sugar accumulation in cold-stored potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers, is a severe postharvest issue in the potato processing industry. Although the process of sucrose hydrolysis by vacuolar invertase during potato CIS is well understood, there is limited knowledge about the transportation of sucrose from the cytosol to the vacuole during postharvest cold storage. Here, we report that among the three potato tonoplast sugar transporters (TSTs), StTST1 exhibits the highest expression in tubers during postharvest cold storage. Subcellular localization analysis demonstrates that StTST1 is a tonoplast-localized protein. StTST1 knockdown decreases reducing sugar accumulation in tubers during low-temperature storage. Compared to wild-type, potato chips produced from StTST1-silenced tubers displayed significantly lower acrylamide levels and lighter color after cold storage. Transcriptome analysis manifests that suppression of StTST1 promotes starch synthesis and inhibits starch degradation in cold-stored tubers. We further establish that the increased sucrose content in the StTST1-silenced tubers might cause a decrease in the ABA content, thereby inhibiting the ABA-signaling pathway. We demonstrate that the down-regulation of β-amylase StBAM1 in StTST1-silenced tubers might be directly controlled by ABA-responsive element-binding proteins (AREBs). Altogether, we have shown that StTST1 plays a critical role in sugar accumulation and starch metabolism regulation during postharvest cold storage. Thus, our findings provide a new strategy to improve the frying quality of cold-stored tubers and reduce the acrylamide content in potato chips.