bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bird movement patterns in an agricultural landscape are mediated by both habitat conditions and traits
Authors: Borah Binod , Beckman Noelle G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlterations of the landscape following agricultural expansion and intensification affect animal movement patterns in the resulting mosaic of fragments and surrounding matrix. Here, we analyze the observed movement patterns of 34 individuals from nine tropical bird species from a rapidly changing agricultural landscape in Kenya. We deconstructed the movement patterns into their three components: step length, turn angles, and displacement and categorized them into two states: area restrictive and expansive movement. Using hidden Markov models, mixed models, and species traits, we showed that movement of birds in the fragments comprised of short step lengths and small displacements, characteristic of area restrictive movement to exploit high‐quality habitats. On the contrary, movement in the matrix comprised of long step lengths and large displacements, characteristic of area expansive movement to explore or pass‐through poorer habitats. The responses of movement components to fragments and the surrounding matrix were mediated by species traits. Habitat specialists showed stronger boundary response, shorter step lengths, and smaller displacements than habitat generalists in both the fragments and the matrix. Their strong preferences for the fragments, coupled with low flight capabilities can make movement in the matrix particularly difficult. Whereas, at the landscape scale, habitat generalist omnivores and habitat specialist frugivores had larger step lengths than the other guilds, as they use the matrix for resources or as a conduit to movement. Therefore, the habitat fragments are intensely utilized and of conservation importance. The matrix quality and permeability can promote animal space use and movement.
Barriers and facilitators of implementation of evidence‐based interventions in children and young people's mental health care – a systematic review
Authors: Peters‐Corbett Araminta , Parke Sheryl , Bear Holly , Clarke Timothy 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundEffective evidence‐based practices (EBP) for children and young people's (CYP) mental health exist, however, there is low uptake in clinical practice and interventions do not always reach those in need. This review aimed to comprehensively identify and synthesise the barriers and facilitators to implementing EBP in CYP mental health care, mapped according to an implementation framework in order to make pragmatic recommendations for practitioners, commissioners and researchers.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA guidelines, an electronic search of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Embase in 2021 yielded 1830 results. In total, 107 abstracts were screened, 57 of which were included for full‐text review and 26 were included for data extraction and analysis.ResultsWe identified a number of organisational and clinician‐level barriers which impede the implementation of evidence in ‘real world’ practice. Barriers included lack of access to funding; poor access to resources; clinician attitudes and flexibility of EBP. Facilitators included targeted funding and access to resources; supportive staff and leadership committed to innovation and skills in the EBP.ConclusionsAlthough the process of translating research into practice is challenging and the solutions are not straightforward, we have identified a set of practical recommendations for ways in which implementation practices can improve. Researchers, commissioners, funders and practitioners can work together to improve the implementation of EBP in CYP mental health settings by ensuring funding is available, prioritise implementation beyond the end of trials, upskill staff on integrating EBP into care, ensure EBPs are flexible and are co‐produced with service users.RegistrationThis review was registered on PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42021252995).
Comparison of penetrating and endothelial keratoplasty in patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome: A registry study
Authors: Roberts Philipp K. , Keane Miriam , Yang Gink , Chan Elsie , Harkin Damien G. , McKirdy Natalie , Daniell Mark ,   all contributors to the Australian Corneal Graft Registry
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo compare graft survival of endothelial keratoplasty (EK) versus penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in patients with iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome and identify ocular features associated with graft survival.MethodsObservational, prospective, cohort study. A total of 30 806 first grafts performed between 1985 and 2020 were identified through the Australian Corneal Graft Registry and included in this observational, prospective cohort study. A total of 196 eyes underwent a primary corneal graft for ICE syndrome. Kaplan–Meier graft survival plots and Chi‐squared tests were performed to identify graft survival rates for EK and PK. A history of raised intraocular pressure (IOP) was also recorded and analysed. Graft survival of eyes with ICE syndrome were compared to that of other indications.ResultsGrafts performed for ICE syndrome increased to 0.8% of all cases during the 2005 to 2020 period compared with 0.5% between 1985 to 2004 (χ2=9.35, p = 0.002). From 2010, EK surpassed PK as the preferred graft type. Survival of primary grafts in eyes with ICE syndrome was lower than for other indications (log‐rank = 56.62, p < 0.001). Graft survival was higher following PK than Descemet stripping (automated) endothelial keratoplasty (DS(A)EK) (log‐rank = 10.56, p = 0.001). Graft survival was higher in eyes without a history of raised IOP compared to those with a reported history of raised IOP (log‐rank = 13.06, p < 0.001).ConclusionsICE syndrome carries a poor prognosis for graft survival. DS(A)EK had a poorer prognosis than PK. A history of raised IOP is associated with higher risk of graft failure.
Clinical, radiographic, and histological/histomorphometric analysis of maxillary sinus grafting with deproteinized porcine or bovine bone mineral: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Krennmair Stefan , Postl Lukas , Schwarze Uwe Yacine , Malek Michael , Stimmelmayr Michael , Krennmair Gerald 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to compare histomorphometrically evaluated new bone formation, radiographically measured graft stability, and clinical implant outcome between maxillary sinus grafting with either deproteinized porcine bone mineral (DPBM) or deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM).Materials and MethodsThirty maxillary sinuses were initially included and randomly assigned to the test group (TG; DPBM, n = 15) or control group (CG; DBBM, n = 15). After a healing period (6 months), axially retrieved bone biopsies of the molar region were used for histological/histomorphometric analysis of new bone formations. Additionally, radiographically measured graft stability and clinical implant outcome were assessed.ResultsTwenty‐three sinus sites with 10 sinuses of the TG and 13 of the CG were ultimately available for data and statistical analysis. In the TG, a slightly, but yet significantly (p = .040) higher proportion of new bone formation (TG: 27.7 ± 5.6% vs. CG: 22.9 ± 5.1%) and a lesser (p = .019) amount of connective (non‐mineralized) tissue (TG: 47.5 ± 9.5% vs. CG: 56.1 ± 9.5%) was found than in the CG. However, both xenografts showed comparable (n.s.) residual bone graft (TG: 23.7 ± 7.2% vs. CG: 21.1 ± 9.85.6%), bone‐to‐graft contacts (TG: 26.2 ± 9.8% vs. CG: 30.8 ± 13.8%), similar graft height reduction over time (TG: 12.9 ± 6.7% CG: 12.4 ± 5.8%) and implant survival/success rate (100%). At the 3‐year post‐loading evaluation, the peri‐implant marginal bone loss (TG: 0.52 ± 0.19 mm; CG: 0.48 ± 0.15 mm) and the peri‐implant health conditions (TG: 87.5%/CG: 81.2%) did not differ between implants inserted in both xenografts used.ConclusionsThe use of DPBM or DBBM for maxillary sinus augmentation is associated with comparable bone formation providing stable graft dimension combined with healthy peri‐implant conditions.
A J‐shaped relationship between ketones and the risk of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: New insights from a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Jingyu , Xu Fang , Zhang Shuang , Cui Shanshan , Li Yongmei , Wang Xiaoyu , Zheng Hui , Li Junfeng , Kong Yan , Yang Juhong , Jiang Xia , Chang Baocheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the association between circulating β‐hydroxybutyric acid (βOHB) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and MethodsA total of 1388 patients with T2D were recruited. Participants were divided into high and normal βOHB groups. Participants in the normal βOHB group were divided into four subgroups according to βOHB quartile (Q). The relationships of βOHB with DKD and DKD subtype were analysed using chi‐square and binary logistic regression. Restricted cubic splines were used to explore the non‐linear correlation between βOHB concentration and DKD risk in the total population.ResultsA higher prevalence of DKD was detected in the high compared with the normal βOHB group (43.3% vs. 33.3%, P = .041). Participants in the Q4 group (βOHB, 0.12‐0.30 mM) had the lowest prevalence of DKD (P = .001). In the binary logistic regression model, the multivariable‐adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for DKD risk were 2.30 (1.62‐3.26) for Q1, 1.80 (1.23‐2.62) for Q2 and 1.63 (1.10‐2.41) for Q3 relative to Q4 (P < .001). Restricted cubic spline analyses suggested a J‐shaped association of circulating βOHB concentration with DKD risk. DKD risk was lowest at a serum βOHB concentration of 0.183 mM (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.52‐0.77).ConclusionsA J‐shaped relationship between circulating ketone level and DKD risk in patients with T2D was determined. Circulating βOHB in the range of 0.12‐0.30 mM was associated with a lower risk of DKD. Further studies are warranted to verify the causality and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
ProGraME: A novel flow cytometry algorithm for the diagnosis of low‐risk myelodysplastic syndromes in patients with cytopenia
Authors: Therkelsen Jesper , Træden Dicte Wilhjelm , Schjødt Ida , Andersen Mette Klarskov , Sjö Lene Dissing , Hansen Jakob Werner , Grønbæk Kirsten , Dimopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesFlow cytometry (FC) is, together with morphology, genetics, and cytogenetics, used in the diagnostic assessment of cytopenia, as its value in evaluating bone marrow dysplasia been highlighted by several studies. However, despite the development of algorithms and guidelines, there is still a lack of standardization of the FC assessment of bone marrow dysplasia.MethodsBy combining FC, together with morphological analysis and cytogenetic/molecular assessment in a training cohort of 209 patients, we created a novel score, ProGraME, which includes four parameters, each from a different cell lineage (Progenitor cells, Granulocytes, Monocytes, Erythroid precursors), solely based on relevant population gating. Points for ProGraME were attained for: lymphoid precursors ≤5% of all CD34+ cells (1.5 point); a granulocyte‐to‐lymphocyte side‐scatter ratio ≤6 (1 point); a monocyte CD33‐CV% ≥ 63 (2 points), and an erythroid precursor CD36‐CV% ≥ 65 (2 points).ResultsUsing a cutoff of ≥2 as suggestive of dysplasia, ProGraME showed a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 81% in the training cohort and 95% and 75%, respectively, in an independent validation cohort of 159 patients. In addition, ProGraME had a very high negative predictive value of 97.1% and 97.8% in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, offering a useful tool for excluding bone marrow dysplasia. Finally, among the 23 CCUS patients that scored positive for dysplasia with ProGraME in the training cohort, 16 of them (69%) carried high‐risk mutations, suggesting that FC might help identify early changes of dysplasia.ConclusionsProGraME can potentially optimize the FC diagnosis of low‐risk myelodysplasia without minimal requirements of flow analysis other than accurate population gating.
Putative neural mechanisms underlying release‐mode‐specific abnormalities in dopamine neural activity in a schizophrenia‐like model: The distinct roles of glutamate and serotonin in the impaired regulation of dopamine neurons
Authors: Sotoyama Hidekazu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAbnormalities in dopamine function might be related to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Even at the same concentration, dopamine exerts opposite effects on information processing in the prefrontal cortex depending on independent dopamine release modes known as tonic and phasic releases. This duality of dopamine prevents a blanket interpretation of the implications of dopamine abnormalities for diseases on the basis of absolute dopamine levels. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying the mode‐specific dopamine abnormalities are not clearly understood. Here, I show that the two modes of dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex of a schizophrenia‐like model are disrupted by different mechanisms. In the schizophrenia‐like model established by perinatal exposure to inflammatory cytokine, epidermal growth factor, tonic release was enhanced and phasic release was decreased in the prefrontal cortex. I examined the activity of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which sends dopamine projections to the prefrontal cortex, under anaesthesia. The activation of VTA dopamine neurons during excitatory stimulation (local application of glutamate or N‐methyl‐d‐aspartic acid [NMDA]), which is associated with phasic activity, was blunt in this model. Dopaminergic neuronal activity in the resting state related to tonic release was increased by disinhibition of the dopamine neurons due to the impairment of 5HT2 (5HT2A) receptor‐regulated GABAergic inputs. Moreover, chronic administration of risperidone ameliorated this disinhibition of dopaminergic neurons. These results provide an idea about the mechanism of dopamine disturbance in schizophrenia and may be informative in explaining the effects of atypical antipsychotics as distinct from those of typical drugs.
An integrated watershed modelling framework to explore the covariation between sediment connectivity and soil erosion
Authors: Guo Zongjun , Wu Lei , Liu Shuai , Zhang Huiyong , Du Bailin , Ruan Bingnan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractQuantitative identification of the covariation between sediment connectivity and soil erosion can contribute to provide the key information for watershed sediment management. However, this covariation and its spatiotemporal response mechanisms are still unclear, especially whether this covariation can be used as a basis for identifying critical source areas of sediment in large‐scale ecological restored watersheds. In this study, an integrated methodology framework by the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE), index of connectivity (IC) and sediment delivery ratio (SDR) was proposed to visually assess the spatiotemporal characteristics of erosion and sediment yield processes in the Yanhe Watershed with large‐scale ecological restoration from 1985 to 2020 and to identify the covariation between sediment connectivity and erosion in subbasins. The soil erosion estimated by RUSLE has decreased by over 80% since 1985 owing to increased vegetation cover and the effective implementation of soil conservation measures, but the upper reaches still have high erosion intensity due to differences in specific controlling factors such as topographic conditions and land cover, requiring focused soil conservation practice. The IC results showed that as the vegetation restoration and soil conservation measures in the Yanhe Watershed varied from year to year, their spatial and temporal patterns had a strong influence on the distribution of sediment connectivity, and some local areas in the middle reaches showed local minima of IC in 1995, 1998 and 2010 mainly due to the implementation of long‐term ecological restoration project. The developed IC‐Erosion maps indicated that areas with high connectivity but low erosion accounted for over 60% of the total watershed area from 1985 to 1999, demonstrating a reverse correlation between sediment connectivity and erosion. Meanwhile, over 40% of the erosion occurred in a few areas (approximately 20%) with high connectivity and high erosion from 2000 to 2004, which can be characterized as the critical areas of erosion. The methods and results of this study provide ideas for separately defining both erosion and connectivity and quantifying bi‐variable erosion–connectivity classification, which can be easily viewed on a scatterplot.
Estimating intrinsic susceptibility to extinction when little ecological information is available: The case of Neotropical freshwater stingrays (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygoninae)
Authors: Vazquez Diego M. , Lucifora Luis O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDetermining the extinction risk of poorly known species is difficult, as data on both their biological traits and the threats to which they are exposed are often not available. Neotropical freshwater stingrays (potamotrygonins) represent such a challenge, as limited ecological data prevent formal assessments. Geographic range size (GRS) was computed for the first time for potamotrygonins (as a longitudinal extent of occurrence measured in km of river length) and, together with two other traits correlated with intrinsic susceptibility to extinction—body size, biological productivity (rmax)—was used to rank potamotrygonins according to their intrinsic susceptibility to extinction. Potamotrygonin GRS was only 6%–7% of that of marine elasmobranchs and is likely to be a significant driver of potamotrygonin extinction risk. The relationship between potamotrygonin GRS and body size differed from the expected triangular theoretical pattern; probably a result of the fragmented nature of freshwater habitats. Using K‐medoids clustering, we identified seven groups of species; the most susceptible groups comprised the biggest species such as Potamotrygon brachyura and Paratrygon spp. Intrinsic susceptibility was also highest in the largest hydrographic basins, likely as a result of species with low rmax being more common there. Exposure to anthropogenic threats is highest for the species most intrinsically susceptible to extinction, which consequently have a high‐extinction risk. We recommend the use of longitudinal extents of occurrence as standardized measurements of freshwater taxa GRS. Our ranking method, combining observed and predicted traits, may be a useful tool to assess poorly known taxa to assist conservation prioritization.
Comparative cracking resistance‐cost study for the hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures made of natural and recycled asphaltic materials
Authors: Ghoroghi Shahab Soleiman , Haghighatpour Pegah Jafari , Aliha M. R. M. , Berto F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCracking performance of control and RAPed hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures was studied under low and medium temperatures. The effects of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) content (0 and 50%), compaction method, and temperature (−20, 0 and +20°C) on KIf and KIIf were investigated. Cracking resistances of both modes showed similar trends. The fracture toughness of RAPed mixture at +20°C was higher than the control mixture. However, at −20°C, KIf and KIIf obtained from the RAPed mixture were about 22% lower than control mixture. A cost analysis was performed to compare the manufacturing costs of both mixtures. Accordingly, the cost of HMA mixture containing 50% RAP was 26% less than the control mixture. The proposed life‐cost index in the RAPed mixture was 10, 25, and 100% greater than the control mixture at −20, 0, and +20°C, respectively. Temperature and RAP content had the most important impacts on fracture toughness and cost, respectively.
A comprehensive investigation of novel and traditional inflammatory and metabolic markers as predictive indicators in psoriasis
Authors: Metin Zuhal , Tur Kagan , Durmaz Koray , Akogul Serkan , Akca Hanife M. , Imren Işıl G. , Demir Nazime B. O. , Ozkoca Defne 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory and papulosquamous dermatological disorder. While previous studies have discussed certain inflammatory markers for diagnosing and monitoring psoriasis, there is an absence of comprehensive research encompassing both novel and traditional inflammatory markers, as well as metabolic markers, in relation to psoriasis.MethodsA total of 209 individuals participated, including 54 psoriasis patients and 155 controls. Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) was calculated for the patient group. Potential predictive markers for psoriasis were identified: Uric acid/HDL ratio (UHR), D‐dimer/albumin ratio (DAR), fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, WBC, HOMA‐IR, and vitamin D levels. Differences between groups and correlations with PASI and each other were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman correlation coefficient.ResultsThe results indicate that the patient group exhibited statistically significantly higher levels of UHR, FAR, CRP, WBC, and HOMA‐IR. Upon analyzing the correlations between PASI and the identified markers, statistically significant positive correlation with WBC and negative correlation with vitamin D were observed. The correlations of PASI with other markers did not reach statistical significance. It should be underlined that our study was conducted in a predominantly mild‐to‐moderate patient population.ConclusionsThe absence of specificity of these markers for psoriasis limits their practical application. However, the development of new objective measures by using them in combination with specific data such as PASI will provide significant benefits in terms of disease diagnosis, follow‐up, and treatment.
Effect of pH on the structure and emulsification properties of ultrasonicated water‐soluble protein from Moringa oleifera seed
Authors: Tang Shiqi , Du Qiuhan , Li Yang , Qi Baokun , Jiang Lianzhou , Fu Zhen 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe Moringa seed protein (MOS) is a new protein resource, the development and utilisation of MOS is still in its early stages due to the late introduction of its varieties. To improve the range of available MOS protein, this study investigated the effects of different pH levels on the ultrasonic modification of MOS protein (UMOWP), exploring the feasibility of UMOWP emulsion systems in food. The zeta potential analysis revealed that the isoelectric point (pI) of UMOWP was 5.8. The secondary structures of UMOWP could be regulated by pH. Moreover, different secondary structures led to different tertiary structures and chemical bonds in UMOWP. Compared with pH values near pI, surface hydrophobicity significantly increased but the total S–S group and particle size decreased away from pI. Furthermore, UMOWP partially dissociated at pH 3, and the degree of dissociation was weaker at pH 9 and pH 11. These structural changes led to significant improvements in the emulsification properties of UMOWP at pH 11, resulting in better environmental stability of the emulsion. These findings provide a foundation for the potential application of MOS proteins in the food industry.
Bede Morris: a perspective from an early PhD candidate
Authors: Heath Trevor J 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBetween 1953 and 1986, Bede Morris published 28 papers in the Journal, each of which elucidated aspects of the lymphatic system. Initially with rats at the Kanematsu Institute at Sydney Hospital under FC Courtice, and then at Australian National University with sheep and a succession of PhD students, Morris developed an impressive series of experimental approaches and understandings of the role of the lymphatic system in the physiology and immunology of the mammalian body. In this piece for the 100th anniversary of the Journal, we celebrate his contributions to immunological research.