bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a risk assessment model for predicting red blood cell transfusion in neonatal patients
Authors: Zhao Hongyan , Cheng Hui , Huang Maowen , Fang Yang , Mei Fangchao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To develop a risk assessment model for predicting red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in neonatal patients to assist hospital blood supply departments in providing small portions of RBCs to those requiring RBC transfusion on time.
METHODS: Clinical information was collected from 1201 children admitted to the neonatal unit. Clinical factors associated with predicting RBC transfusion were screened, and prediction models were developed using stepwise and multifactorial logistic regression analyses, followed by the evaluation of prediction models using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS: Overall, 81 neonatal patients were transfused with RBCs, and the variables of gestational age at birth, age <1 month, receipt of mechanical ventilation, and infant anaemia were included in the final prediction model. The area under the curve of the prediction model was 0.936 (0.921–0.949), which was significantly higher than that of the individual indicators of gestational age at birth, age at admission <1 month, receipt of mechanical ventilation, and infant anaemia (P<0.001). DCA showed a standardised net benefit for the possible risk of infant RBC transfusion at 0.1–1.0.
CONCLUSION: We developed a risk assessment model to predict the risk of RBC transfusion in neonatal patients that can effectively assess the risk of RBC transfusion in children.
Degree of Phosphorus Saturation as Environmental Threshold for Acidic Soils of Eastern India
Authors: Saha Subhadip , Pal Susanta Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
An indicator is essential to predict the potential for phosphorus (P) movement from a nonpoint soil source to surface water bodies, causing environmental pollution. The present study was undertaken with terai and lateritic acidic soils of eastern India to estimate their environmental threshold degree of P saturation (DPS) values as an indicator of the potential risk for P loss. Comparisons of DPS with soil-test P and water-soluble P suggested that DPS could be a useful environmental indicator. The change point DPS with Bray-1 extractant were 17.8 and 19.8% and with Mehlich-1extractant were 16.9 and 18.3% for terai and lateritic soils, respectively. The water-soluble P at those corresponding change points were 2.94 and 3.42 mg kg-1 with Bray-1 and 2.83 and 3.34 mg kg-1 with the Mehlich-1 method for terai and lateritic soil, respectively. The relationship between DPS (%) estimated with Bray-1 extractant (DPSB-1) and Bray-1P (mg kg-1) revealed that agronomic optimum values of Bray-1 P could not indicate the environmental risk. Therefore, considering the change points, confidence intervals and agronomic soil test values, we can recommend replacing Bray-1P with three categories of DPSB-1: <20%, 20-40% and >40% as safe, warrant and critical levels of P loss from Indian soils, respectively.
Development and characterization of a fecal-induced peritonitis model of murine sepsis: results from a multi-laboratory study and iterative modification of experimental conditions
Authors: Sharma Neha , Chwastek Damian , Dwivedi Dhruva J. , Schlechte Jared , Yu Ian-Ling , McDonald Braedon , Arora Jaskirat , Cani Erblin , Eng Mikaela , Engleberts Doreen , Kuhar Eva , Medeiros Sarah K. , Bourque Stephane L. , Cepinskas Gediminas , Gill Sean E. , Jahandideh Forough , Macala Kimberly F. , Panahi Sareh , Pape Cynthia , Sontag David , Sunohara-Neilson Janet , Fergusson Dean A. , Fox-Robichaud Alison E. , Liaw Patricia C. , Lalu Manoj M. , Mendelson Asher A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Preclinical sepsis models have been criticized for their inability to recapitulate human sepsis and suffer from methodological shortcomings that limit external validity and reproducibility. The National Preclinical Sepsis Platform (NPSP) is a consortium of basic science researchers, veterinarians, and stakeholders in Canada undertaking standardized multi-laboratory sepsis research to increase the efficacy and efficiency of bench-to-bedside translation. In this study, we aimed to develop and characterize a 72-hour fecal-induced peritonitis (FIP) model of murine sepsis conducted in two independent laboratories. The experimental protocol was optimized by sequentially modifying dose of fecal slurry and timing of antibiotics in an iterative fashion, and then repeating the experimental series at site 1 and site 2.
Results: Escalating doses of fecal slurry (0.5 to 2.5 mg/g) resulted in increased disease severity, as assessed by the modified Murine Sepsis Score (MSS), with either minimal (< 20%) or severe (> 60%) mortality outcomes. However, the MSS was a poor predictor of progression to death during the experiments, and mice were found dead without elevated MSS scores. Administration of antibiotics within 4 hours of inoculation rescued the animals from sepsis, as evidenced by 100% survival and reduced bacterial load in peritoneum and blood, compared with late administration of antibiotics after 12 hours. Site 1 and site 2 had statistically significant differences in mortality (60% vs 88%; p < 0.05) for the same dose of fecal slurry (0.75 mg/g) and marked difference in temperature between groups. Microbiome analysis between two batches of fecal slurry revealed differences in beta-diversity and differential abundance analysis, which correlated with differences in mortality in two separate experimental series.
Conclusions: We demonstrate a systematic approach to optimizing a 72-hour FIP model of murine sepsis for use in multi-laboratory studies. Alterations to experimental conditions, such as dose of fecal slurry and timing of antibiotics, have clear impact on outcomes. Differences in mortality between sites despite rigorous standardization warrants further investigations to better understand inter-laboratory variation and methodological design in preclinical studies. The use of surrogate mortality endpoints in preclinical sepsis models may introduce bias in evaluation and analysis of outcomes.
Chinese medical named entity recognition of long text based on deep learning
Authors: Feng Zhang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the era of information technology, the electronic medical system generates vast and diverse data on a daily basis. Maximizing the utilization of this data will have a profound impact on clinical decision-making and public health. Currently, named entity recognition technology has reached maturity in the field of English. However, due to the scarcity of corpus and the complexity of semantic boundary recognition, Chinese named entity recognition remains an area that warrants further research efforts. Based on the classical model of ALBERT-BiLSTM-Self-Attention-CRF, we propose a named entity recognition model named DWI-Pos which integrates the Pos (position information) of entity words and the features of POS (part of speech), and use a DWI (Dynamic Windows Interception mechanism). Subsequently, two comparative experiments were conducted on the BERT-CRF and LSTM-CRF models, and their effectiveness was validated by the results obtained. Furthermore, the entity word position information designed in this study played a significant role in improving the performance of the proposed model. The dataset employed in this study was derived from the sub-tasks of CCKS2019, which includes named entity recognition of Chinese electronic medical records. This task encompasses two sub-tasks, namely medical named entity recognition and medical entity and attribute extraction. The focus of this research was on medical named entity recognition, where the achieved F1 value was 0.95, surpassing the F1 value of the ELMo-ET-CRF model by 0.09.
Experimental investigation of critical heat flux of nucleate pool boiling of water and nanofluid on platinum wire under hypergravity and Earth gravity
Authors: Chen Yafeng , Li Xiaohuan , Fang Xiande , He Zhiqiang , Fang Yuxiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The experimental investigation of the critical heat flux (CHF) of saturated nucleate pool boiling of pure water and water-based Al2O3 nanofluids on the platinum wire with a diameter of 50 µm was conducted under earth gravity and hypergravity. The gravity level ranges from 1 to 3 g, the saturation pressures range from 0.1 to 0.6 MPa, and the Al2O3 concentrations in the nanofluids ranges from 0.001wt% to 0.015wt%. The experimental results show that both pressure and gravity are vital factors enhancing the CHF, with the effect of pressure more pronounced. The mechanisms of CHF enhancement due to pressure increasing is that increasing pressure changes the fluid properties, yielding the synthetical results of activating more nucleate sites and increasing the bubble departure frequency. The reasons for the CHF enhancement by hypergravity may mainly be that the buoyancy force increases with increasing gravity levels, which makes the bubbles more likely to be removed from the surface, and that the formation of large vapor patches covering the heating wire gets harder. Besides, a nanofluid has a stronger enhancement to the pool boiling CHF than the combination of the heating surface coated with the same kind of nanoparticles and the base fluid. The reason may be that the latter mainly relies on the heater surface modification, while the former relies on the nanoparticle suspension in the nanofluid and the interaction between the nanoparticle deposition and the nanoparticle suspension, plus the heater surface modification.
Incompetent lip seal and nail biting as risk factors for malocclusion in Japanese preschool children aged 3–6 years
Authors: Otsugu Masatoshi , Sasaki Yumi , Mikasa Yusuke , Kadono Maika , Sasaki Hidekazu , Kato Takafumi , Nakano Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Malocclusion is a multifactorial condition associated with genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of occlusal traits, oral habits, and nose and throat conditions by age and to assess the association between malocclusion and its environmental factors in Japanese preschool children.Methods A total of 503 Japanese children (258 boys and 245 girls aged 3–6 years) were recruited. Occlusal traits were assessed visually to record sagittal, vertical, and transverse malocclusion, and space discrepancies. Lip seal was recorded by an examiner, and oral habits (finger sucking, lip sucking or lip biting, nail biting, chin resting on a hand) and nose and throat conditions (tendency for nasal obstruction, allergic rhinitis, palatine tonsil hypertrophy) were assessed by a questionnaire completed by the parents. The prevalence of each item was calculated, and binary logistic regression was used to examine the factors related to malocclusion.Results 62.0% of preschool children in the present study exhibited malocclusion, and 27.8% exhibited incompetent lip seal. Nail biting was the most frequent oral habit with a prevalence of 18.9%. Nasal obstruction was recorded in 30.4% of children. The results of binary logistic regression showed that incompetent lip seal was significantly related to malocclusion, and that nail biting was significantly negatively related.Conclusions Incompetent lip seal is significantly associated with malocclusion, but nail biting may not necessarily be a deleterious habit for the occlusion in Japanese preschool children.
VGAEDTI: Drug-Target Interaction prediction based on Variational inference and Graph Autoencoder
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Feng Yinfei , Wu Mengjie , Deng Zengqian , Wang Shudong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Motivation: Accurate identification of Drug-Target Interactions (DTIs) plays a crucial role in many stages of drug development and drug repurposing. Traditional experiment in biology methods not only cost a lot of time and money, but also do not consider the complex relationship between data sources and do not fully explore the potential association between drugs and targets.
Results: To solve the above problems, a novel prediction model named VGAEDTI is proposed in this paper. In order to obtain deeper features of drugs and targets, we use two different autoencoders. One is variational graph autoencoder (VGAE) which is used to infer feature representations from drug and target spaces. The second is graph autoencoder (GAE) propagating labels between known DTIs. The variational expected maximum algorithm is used to alternately train these two different autoencoders, VGAEDTI is enhanced to capture some important feature information from heterogeneous topologies, thereby improving the robustness and accuracy of predicting unknown DTIs. Experimental results on two public datasets show that the prediction accuracy of VGAEDTI is better than that of six DTIs prediction methods. These results indicate that model can predict new DTIs and provide an effective tool for accelerating drug development and repurposing.
Evaluation of the impacts of severe heatwaves on carbonate rock deterioration in Hangzhou, China: Implications for urban rock- hewn heritage conservation
Authors: WANG Yinghong , ZHANG Hui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A record-breaking heatwave affected southern parts of China in 2022 summer causing arid conditions in places. Hangzhou, the capital of the Zhejiang province, China, experienced two-month hot weather. Human beings were severely affected, and the abundant carbonate rock-hewn heritages in the city were challenged. An outdoor heatwave erosion test was carried out on the local carbonate rock samples to evaluate the heatwave's impact on these stone heritages. The nature of deterioration was determined using the water absorption coefficient, surface hardness, splitting tensile strength and pore structures. After the 15-day heatwave erosion test, the water uptake ability of the carbonate rock increases combining with growth in micropores. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the rock shows a distinct decline, indicating a breakdown interior of the stone. Therefore, the study results show that the heatwave can significantly damage the carbonate rock-hewn heritages and may become one of the critical threats to them due to China's relatively high warming rate.
How does the consecutive use of intraoral scanners affect musculoskeletal health?
Authors: Son KeunBaDa , Lee Ji-Min , Kim Jin-Wook , Jin Myoung-Uk , Lee Kyu-Bok 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to simulate intraoral scanning tasks using wired and wireless intraoral scanners (IOSs) and assess muscle activation and fatigue for both types.
Materials and methods
Fourteen participants performed intraoral scanning tasks using wired and wireless IOSs (i700; MEDIT), with weights of 280 g and 328 g, respectively. The same computer system and software conditions were maintained for both groups (N = 14 per IOS group). Electrodes were placed on arm, neck, and shoulder muscles, and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was measured. Surface electromyography (EMG) was performed during the simulation, and EMG values were normalized using MVC. The root mean square EMG (%MVC) and muscle fatigue (%) values were calculated. Statistical comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U and Friedman tests, with the Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05).
Results
Arm (flexor digitorum superficialis) and neck muscles (left sternocleidomastoid and left splenius capitis) showed significantly higher EMG values with wireless IOS (P < 0.05). The neck (left sternocleidomastoid and right levator scapulae) and shoulder muscles (right trapezius descendens) demonstrated significantly higher muscle fatigue with wireless IOS (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The consecutive use of heavier wireless IOS may increase the risk of muscle activation and fatigue in certain muscles, which may have clinical implications for dentists in terms of ergonomics and musculoskeletal health.
Clinical relevance
Minimizing muscle strain and reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders associated with intraoral scanner usage require ergonomic awareness, device selection, and workplace adjustments in dental practice.
Effect of bagasse biochar on soil organic carbon fixation in manganese pollution sugarcane fields
Authors: Hu Lening , Yang Yu , Liu Xue Hui , Li SHuangli , Li Ke , Deng Hua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In order to study the mechanism of soil organic carbon transformation and fixation in manganese-contaminated farmland, 100-day indoor constant temperature incubation experiments were conducted to analyze the characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties, organic carbon mineralization, organic carbon components and enzyme activities by applying different proportions (0%, 0.5%, 2%, 5%) of biochar. The results showed that the cumulative CO2 emission decreased by 15.78~36.87% compared with the control when different proportions of biochar were applied in the manganese-contaminated soil. The cumulative CO2 emissions were reduced by 35.29~57.29% compared with the control when different proportions of biochar were applied to the uncontaminated sugarcane field soil. The microbial carbon content of uncontaminated sugarcane soil was 28.49 mg·kg-1(0.5%),37.92 mg·kg-1(2%) and 39.42 mg·kg-1(5%), respectively, which were higher than that of manganese contaminated sugarcane soil 12.72 mg·kg-1 (0.5%),13.71 mg·kg-1(2%) and 15.10 mg·kg-1 (5%). The catalase activities of manganese-contaminated sugarcane soil were 0.13 mg·g-1·min-1 (0.5%), 0.21 mg·g-1·min-1 (2%) and 0.27 mg·g-1·min-1 (5%), respectively, which were lower than those of uncontaminated sugarcane soil 9.41 mg·g-1·min-1 (0.5%), 10.01 mg·g-1·min-1 (2%), 10.91 mg·g-1·min-1(5%). The results showed that compared with uncontaminated sugarcane field soil, the application of biochar in manganese-contaminated sugarcane soil had little effect on microbial biomass carbon content and catalase activity. The application of exogenous biochar had an auxiliary effect on carbon sequestration in manganese-contaminated soil, and the application of 5% biochar had the best carbon sequestration effect.
Predictive value of serum amino acids as metabolite biomarkers in cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Ying , Wu Zhinian , Hu Yangyang , Qi Zeqiang , Guo Tingyu , Wang Yadong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

IntroductionTo review existing studies and perform a meta-analysis to clarify the value of serum amino acid levels in patients with cirrhosis as a potential biomarker for predicting cirrhosis.MethodsLiterature retrieved from 8 databases up to 31 December 2022, and were screened according to inclusion criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used to assess the risk of bias in the included literature. A random effects model for amino acid concentrations in meta-analysis was used to calculate mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). I2statistic was used to measure study heterogeneity. This study was registered with PROSPERO.ResultsA total of 1380 records were retrieved and 19 studies with 2073 individuals (831 in the cirrhosis group and 1242 in the healthy control group) were included after screening. The quality of the included studies was generally high. Qualitative analysis of 19 studies including 23 amino acids. Meta-analysis of 5 studies showed that 6 amino acids were significantly increased in the cirrhotic group: Tyr, Met, Orn, Thr, Cit, and Trp, and 2 amino acids were significantly decreased: Arg and Val. At subgroup analysis, the combined results of Arg in serum of patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis were not statistically heterogeneity, and the remaining results in subgroup were similar to the primary results.ConclusionsAlterations in serum amino acid profile were associated with cirrhosis. Some specific amino acids (Tyr, Met, Orn, Thr, Cit, Trp, Arg, and Val) may serve as biomarkers to predict cirrhosis.
A comprehensive medical Spanish curriculum model: the Vida Medical Spanish Curriculum
Authors: Chang Kyle E , Lewis Jennifer , Vera Alexandra Lopez 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The healthcare system in the United States has long struggled with racial and language disparities, which can result in inadequate treatment of minority patients. With the projected growth of the Hispanic population in the US, there is an urgent need for medical schools to incorporate high-quality medical Spanish and cultural competency content to address the increasing demand for Spanish-speaking and culturally sensitive physicians. A comprehensive medical Spanish curriculum, aligned with the preclinical curriculum, could offer a solution to these issues by ensuring that Hispanic patients receive care that is linguistically and culturally appropriate, ultimately leading to better health outcomes for all.
Methods: The study used the Kirkpatrick Model to evaluate the medical Spanish curriculum's success. The evaluation process included a Spanish Objective Structured Clinical Examination and a survey with a 40-question Multiple-Choice Exam to evaluate the integration of Spanish language skills and cultural competency in clinical encounters. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize exam results, and mean exam results were compared between students of different proficiency levels using two-tailed t-tests.
Results and Discussion: The study found that students achieved a mean score of over 80% on all three components of the Spanish Objective Structured Clinical Examination and on the Multiple-Choice Exam, with advanced students scoring higher on some sections. Survey data suggest that students felt able to communicate in Spanish with patients after completing the course series. The study also provides a model for a medical Spanish curriculum that applies expert-recommended best practices to meet the needs of Hispanic patient populations.
Limitations and conclusions: Baseline data on student perceptions and Spanish competency are not sufficient for making comparisons.
Effects of Simulation with Problem-Based Learning (S-PBL) on nursing students’ clinical reasoning ability: based on Tanner’s Clinical Judgment Model
Authors: Son Hae Kyoung 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Clinical reasoning ability, a complex cognitive and metacognitive process, is a crucial core competency required in nursing practice. Therefore, undergraduate nursing students should be provided with nursing education to strengthen their clinical reasoning ability based on real-life nursing scenarios.Methods Three sessions (lasting three hours each) of Simulation with Problem-Based Learning (S-PBL) using high-risk obstetrics-gynecology scenarios were provided to 71 third-year nursing students of a university. The sessions were conducted from September to December 2022, and they aimed to strengthen their clinical reasoning ability. For data collection, an online survey was conducted using Rubric for Clinical Reasoning and learning satisfaction evaluation tool. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS.Results The mean score of clinical reasoning ability significantly increased from 29.42 (standard deviation: 4.62) out of 40 points in the pre-test to 32.28 (4.36), 33.44 (5.35), and 33.80 (5.91) after the first, second, and third S-PBL sessions, respectively (F = 61.668, p < .001). The learning satisfaction score was as high as 107.04 (12.66) out of 120 points.Conclusion This S-PBL program is an effective nursing education strategy to strengthen nursing students’ clinical reasoning ability. Future studies must examine learner variables and standardize the S-PBL design and operation process by comparison to a traditional teaching approach and a higher range of clincal reasoning ability.