bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety outcomes of long-term anti-thrombotic treatment of chronic coronary artery disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Adawi Nayrouz , Rotshild Victoria , Yanko Stav , Mowaswes Mohammad , Amir Offer , Haitner Gal , Matok Ilan , Raccah Bruria Hirsh 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundClopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, and low-dose rivaroxaban are all optional strategies in conjunction with aspirin for long-term treatment of chronic coronary artery disease. The aim of this research was to assess the efficacy and safety of long-term anti-thrombotic treatment of chronic coronary heart disease.MethodsPubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Clinical Trials Registry ClinicalTrials.gov, and The Cochrane Library were searched through November 2021, to identify randomized controlled trials that compared long term anti-thrombotic therapy for coronary heart disease. Data were extracted to assess eligibility by two independent reviewers. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool results.ResultsEleven randomized controlled trials were included (88,462 patients). In a network meta-analysis, the rivaroxaban compared to the clopidogrel regimen showed lower relative risks (RRs) for death of any cause (0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52–0.96), major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (0.73; 95% CI, 0.57–0.93), and cerebrovascular events (0.48; 95% CI, 0.30–0.78). The RR of cerebrovascular events was also lower for the rivaroxaban compared to the ticagrelor 60 mg regimen (0.72; 95% CI, 0.52–0.99). For the prasugrel regimen, the RRs were lower of myocardial infarction incidence versus all extended strategies: clopidogrel plus aspirin (0.76; 95% CI, 0.58–0.99), rivaroxaban (0.60; 95% CI, 0.38–0.93), ticagrelor 60 mg (0.61; 95% CI, 0.42–0.89), and ticagrelor 90 mg (0.63; 95% CI, 0.41–0.97). None of the dual strategies were associated with differences in major bleeding compared to the prasugrel regimen.Conclusions and relevanceThe rivaroxaban regimen appeared to be the preferred long-term anti-thrombotic regimen in preventing all-cause mortality. Our available results tend to support the efficacy of extended anti-thrombotic therapy consisting of prasugrel in lowering MI incidence compared to the other strategies, without increased risk of bleeding. However, additional large-scale direct clinical trials are needed to further determine the adequate long-term anti-thrombotic regimens for treating chronic coronary syndrome.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020186583, identifier CRD42020186583.
Efficacy of tolvaptan on the short and mid-term prognosis in elderly patients with acute heart failure coexisting with oliguria: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Yabin , Chen Hongyu , Zhao Jiahui , Ma Qiang , Yang Guang , Wang Xiaohua , Wu Zhen , Hou Jiebin , Cheng Qingli , Ao Qiangguo 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundIn patients with acute heart failure (AHF) coexisting with oliguria, high doses of loop diuretics are often ineffective in increasing urine output and may adversely affect the patient's prognosis, especially in elderly patients. We investigated the efficacy of adding tolvaptan (TLV) on improving the prognosis in elderly patients with AHF coexisting with oliguria.MethodsAll data for this retrospective cohort study were extracted from the electronic medical record system of the Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients diagnosed with AHF coexisting with oliguria were enrolled in this study and were divided into TLV and non-TLV groups based on the use of TLV. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 7 and 90-day. The secondary outcomes were the remission of AHF within 7 and 30 days or continued progression of AHF, and new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) after 90 days. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the relationships between all-cause mortality and diuretic regimens, demographics, laboratory parameters, comorbidities, and medications.ResultsA total of 308 patients met the study criteria for the final statistical analysis, and they had a median age of 91 years (88, 95). The results showed that the addition of TLV was associated with a decreased risk of the 7 and 90-day all-cause mortality in patients with AHF with oliguria [adjusted HR, 95% CI: 0.60 (0.37, 0.98), p = 0.042; 0.56 (0.41, 0.75), p &lt; 0.001, respectively]. Adding TLV significantly increased urine output and decreased N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in 7 days, and alleviated the progression of AHF within 30 days. There were no statistically significant differences between the patients with or without TLV in terms of the occurrence of hypernatremia, the development of hepatic impairment within 30 days, and new-onset CKD after 90 days.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the addition of TLV was clinically effective in increasing urine output, and had favorable effects on alleviating AHF progression and may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality at 7 and 90-day in elderly patients with AHF with oliguria, and TLV had a good safety profile.Trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=148046, identifier: ChiCTR2200055518.
Develop ment and validation of a prognostic dynamic nomogram for in-hospital mortality in patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection
Authors: Yang Lin , Wang Yasong , He Xiaofeng , Liu Xuanze , Sui Honggang , Wang Xiaozeng , Wang Mengmeng 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to identify the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection (TBAD) and develop and validate a prognostic dynamic nomogram for in-hospital mortality in these patients.MethodsThis retrospective study involved patients with TBAD treated from April 2002 to December 2020 at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. The patients with TBAD were divided into survival and non-survival groups. The data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. To identify independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality, multivariate logistic regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator regression were used. A prediction model was constructed using a nomogram based on these factors and validated using the original data set. To assess its discriminative ability, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated, and the calibration ability was tested using a calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Clinical utility was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curves (CIC).ResultsOf the 978 included patients, 52 (5.3%) died in hospital. The following variables helped predict in-hospital mortality: pleural effusion, systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg, heart rate &gt;100 bpm, anemia, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, abnormal cTnT level, and estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;60 ml/min. The prediction model demonstrated good discrimination [AUC = 0.894; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.850–0.938]. The predicted probabilities of in-hospital death corresponded well to the actual prevalence rate [calibration curve: via 1,000 bootstrap resamples, a bootstrap-corrected Harrell’s concordance index of 0.905 (95% CI, 0.865–0.945), and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test (χ2 = 8.3334, P = 0.4016)]. DCA indicated that when the risk threshold was set between 0.04 and 0.88, the predictive model could achieve larger clinical net benefits than “no intervention” or “intervention for all” options. Moreover, CIC showed good predictive ability and clinical utility for the model.ConclusionWe developed and validated prediction nomograms, including a simple bed nomogram and online dynamic nomogram, that could be used to identify patients with TBAD at higher risk of in-hospital mortality, thereby better enabling clinicians to provide individualized patient management and timely and effective interventions.
Bibliometric evaluation of 2011–2021 publications on hydrogen sulfide in heart preservation research
Authors: Chen Mingcong , Zhou Qian , Wu Fei , Sun Fang , Meng Yang , Zhang Yang , Zhao Mingyi 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is known for its unpleasant odor and severe toxicity. However, an in-depth study of H2S showed that it can be used as an important messenger, which can play important physiological and pathological roles in vitro and in vivo. In recent years, the application of H2S in the field of cardiac preservation has attracted the interest and attention of scholars worldwide. H2S plays an effective and protective role in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to analyze the current scientific achievements on the application of H2S in the field of cardiac preservation and to provide new ideas for further research.MethodsTS = (“hydrogen sulfide” OR “hydrogen sulfide”) AND TS = (“cardiac” OR “heart” OR “myocardium” OR “hearts”) AND TS = (“reperfusion” or “transplantation” or “implanted” or “transplant” or “implantation” or “migration” or “preservation” or “grafting” OR “ischemia” OR “perfusion” or “conservation” or “preserve” or “reservation”) AND DT = (Article OR Review) AND LA = (English) were used as search strategies for data collection from the Science Citation Index-Expanded database of the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace 5.8. R3 and Microsoft Office Excel 2019 were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 429 related articles were included, and the total number of articles showed a fluctuating upward trend. We used CiteSpace 5.8. R3 and Microsoft Excel 2019 to evaluate and visualize the results, analyzing institutions, countries, journals, authors, co-cited references, and keywords.ConclusionsAs increasing evidence shows that H2S plays an indispensable role in the field of cardiac preservation, its mechanistic research and clinical application may become the main focus of future research.
Cassiterite U-Pb dating and micro-XRF analysis constraint on the formation of Xinlu Sn-Zn deposit, South China
Authors: Xiao Chang-Hao , Yu Ping-Ping , Liu Xiao-Hu , Liu Xiang-Chong , Tang Yan-Wen , Wang Wen-Lei , Zhang Yu 
Published: January 2023

This study presents rock slab and thin section reflection mapping, element mapping by Micro-XRF (μ-XRF) analysis, and in situ cassiterite U-Pb laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) ages of the Xinlu Sn-Zn deposit, Nanling Sn-W belt, South China. The new results provided constraints on the age and processes of Sn mineralization and thus further discussed the role of the Paleo-Pacific plate in the formation of Sn-W mineralization in the Nanling Sn-W belt. Based on mineralogy and μ-XRF analysis, four mineralization episodes are distinguished in the Baimianshan segment, Xinlu deposit, including 1) prograde skarn stage characterized by the mineral assemblages of garnet, pyroxene, marble, hornfels; 2) retrograde skarn-sulfide composed of massive pyrrhotite, sphalerite with parts of epidote, cassiterite; 3) quartz sulfide vein stage consisting of arsenopyrite, pyrite, quartz, and 4) barren calcite crosscutting the former episodes. The time of retrograde skarn-sulfide mineralization is dated by LA-ICP-MS cassiterite U-Pb at 168.7 ± 1.3 Ma. These U-Pb ages, combined with previous geochronological studies, support one Sn mineralization event associated with the 159.5–168.7 Ma magmatism in the Guposhan-Huashan district. The Xinlu Sn-Zn mineralization and the Middle-Late Jurassic Sn-W mineralization in the Nanling belt, South China is genetically related to asthenospheric upwelling and crust-mantle interaction caused by the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. Our results demonstrate that thin section reflection and μ-XRF element mapping are powerful tools for determining paragenesis in ore deposits and are highly effective to guide the selection of analytical positions for cassiterite U-Pb dating. This method may also be applicable to in-situ geochronology of other minerals.
Research on basin effect based on 2-D geophysical prospecting profile
Authors: Wang Chong , Qi Wenhao , Bo Jingshan , Wang Fuyun , Wang Shuaijun , Xin Hailiang 
Published: January 2023

The basin effects alter the frequency content, amplitude and duration of seismic waves with different depth and shape basin. In this paper, we selected 2-D geophysical profiles spanning the Weihe Basin with large area and the Luoquanli Basin with small area. Based on the velocity structure data of the two geophysical profiles, 2-D finite element models were established to analyze the influences of the sedimentary layer in a broad basin and the basement geometry of a small basin on the basin effects using the spectral element method. The results showed that the sedimentary deposits in the basin could significantly amplify the ground motion, and the diffraction waves generated by the lateral inhomogeneity of the basin could prolong the duration of the ground motion. The highlight of this paper, our results showed that the amplification characteristics were controlled by the velocity mean in the vertical direction of sedimentary deposits (vp &lt; 4.5 km/s) for a broad basin with small depth-to-width ratio as Weihe Basin, while the amplification characteristics were dominated by basement geometry of the small basin with large depth-to-width ratio as Luoquanli Basin. In this study, a high-resolution 2-D geophysical refraction profile was directly used to construct a finite element model to study the basin effects, which provided a new method of studying the basin effects.
Discovery and significance of tempestites and storm deposits in the Qingshankou Formation of the Gulong Sag, northeastern China
Authors: He Wenyuan , Zhong Jianhua , Sun Ningliang 
Published: January 2023

The Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Sag has attracted significant attention due to its rich shale oil reserves. However, several fundamental geological problems associated with shale from the Qingshankou Formation remain unresolved. The Qingshankou Formation in the Gulong Sag is a set of deep-lake and semi-deep-lake fine-grained deposits primarily composed of mudstone and shale. Recent studies have shown that tempestites and storm deposits commonly occur in the Qingshankou Formation. Fine liquefaction veins often occur at the bottom of the tempestite, indicating that storm-shaking liquefaction is expected in the swale structure. Meanwhile, the mudstone and shales primarily have a sand structure with fine grain size, indicating that the environment is exposed to an undercurrent activity, with a water flow velocity of 20–55 cm s−1. Unlike previous studies, we posit that the ancient water depth was only 20–30 m or shallower. These phenomena have significance for understanding the formation environment and diagenetic process of shale in the first member of the Qingshankou Formation, which provides a reference for oil and gas exploration and development.
Enhancing writing analytics in science education research with machine learning and natural language processing—Formative assessment of science and non-science preservice teachers’ written reflections
Authors: Wulff Peter , Westphal Andrea , Mientus Lukas , Nowak Anna , Borowski Andreas 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionScience educators use writing assignments to assess competencies and facilitate learning processes such as conceptual understanding or reflective thinking. Writing assignments are typically scored with holistic, summative coding rubrics. This, however, is not very responsive to the more fine-grained features of text composition and represented knowledge in texts, which might be more relevant for adaptive guidance and writing-to-learn interventions. In this study we examine potentials of machine learning (ML) in combination with natural language processing (NLP) to provide means for analytic, formative assessment of written reflections in science teacher education.MethodsML and NLP are used to filter higher-level reasoning sentences in physics and non-physics teachers’ written reflections on a standardized teaching vignette. We particularly probe to what extent a previously trained ML model can facilitate the filtering, and to what extent further fine-tuning of the previously trained ML model can enhance performance. The filtered sentences are then clustered with ML and NLP to identify themes and represented knowledge in the teachers’ written reflections.ResultsResults indicate that ML and NLP can be used to filter higher-level reasoning elements in physics and non-physics preservice teachers’ written reflections. Furthermore, the applied clustering approach yields specific topics in the written reflections that indicate quality differences in physics and non-physics preservice teachers’ texts.DiscussionOverall, we argue that ML and NLP can enhance writing analytics in science education. For example, previously trained ML models can be utilized in further research to filter higher-level reasoning sentences, and thus provide science education researchers efficient mean to answer derived research questions.
Engaging in writing to learn – Increasing the motivation during a long-term self-regulated learning training
Authors: Udvardi-Lakos Nina , Endres Tino , Glogger-Frey Inga , Renkl Alexander 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionUniversity students should be able to self-regulate their learning to gain the most from their studies. Extended self-regulated-learning trainings can help students to reach that goal. A frequent problem of such trainings is that students’ motivation decreases over the course of training. To avoid this decrease, we combined a learning-journal-based, self-regulated-learning training with a learning environment teaching conditional knowledge about learning strategies, a guided peer-feedback system, and an optional intervention for students reporting low levels of motivation from the start of the semester.Methods and ResultsFour motivational variables were repeatedly measured over the course of 10 weeks. Students (N = 103) in our training showed an increase in their self-efficacy and intrinsic value, and a decrease in cost associated with learning-journal-writing throughout the semester. The optional intervention led to an increase in the intrinsic value associated with the learning journals for students with low motivation.DiscussionOur study suggests that this expanded self-regulated-learning training can help students maintain their motivation during a long-term training.
A field-scale evaluation of the removal of odorous gases by a plant material-based deodorant
Authors: Wu Jun , Yang Jing , Wang Jian , Fang Liben , Fang Jingjing 
Published: January 2023

The composting process emits various volatile chemicals, including hydrocarbons, nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds, and oxygenated compounds. These gases must be removed to avoid atmospheric pollution. Spraying extracted materials from plants, such as tea tree oil, onto the surface of a windrow is a novel odor-reduction technique for the treatment of gaseous emissions from composting facilities. In this study, a plant material-based deodorant from a mixture of coconut, lemon, and tea tree essential oils was sprayed directly onto the surface of a windrow with a spraying frequency of three times a day. Odorous compounds were measured before and after spraying to evaluate the performance of the plant material-based deodorant. After spraying, the ammonia concentration decreased from 10,000 to 7,000 μg/m3. There was a large decline in alcohols, aromatics, and carbonyls from 30,612, 12,270, and 5,138 μg/m3 to 4,965, 4,669, and 2,253 μg/m3, achieving efficiencies of 83%, 62%, and 56%, respectively. The removal efficiencies for terpenes, volatile fatty acids, sulfur compounds, and ammonia were lower than the former, falling within the range of 24%–36%. The theoretical total odor concentration was decreased from 23,757 μg/m3 at the beginning to 13,056 μg/m3 in the end, revealing that most of the bad smell had been eliminated.
Clinical impact of exome sequencing in the setting of a general pediatric ward for hospitalized children with suspected genetic disorders
Authors: Kagan Maayan , Semo-Oz Rotem , Ben Moshe Yishay , Atias-Varon Danit , Tirosh Irit , Stern-Zimmer Michal , Eliyahu Aviva , Raas-Rothschild Annick , Bivas Maayan , Shlomovitz Omer , Chorin Odelia , Rock Rachel , Tzadok Michal , Ben-Zeev Bruria , Heimer Gali , Bolkier Yoav , Gruber Noah , Dagan Adi , Bar Aluma Bat El , Pessach Itai M. , Rechavi Gideon , Barel Ortal , Pode-Shakked Ben , Anikster Yair , Vivante Asaf 
Published: January 2023

Background: Genetic conditions contribute a significant portion of disease etiologies in children admitted to general pediatric wards worldwide. While exome sequencing (ES) has improved clinical diagnosis and management over a variety of pediatric subspecialties, it is not yet routinely used by general pediatric hospitalists. We aim to investigate the impact of exome sequencing in sequencing-naive children suspected of having monogenic disorders while receiving inpatient care.Methods: We prospectively employed exome sequencing in children admitted to the general pediatric inpatient service at a large tertiary medical center in Israel. Genetic analysis was triggered by general and/or subspecialist pediatricians who were part of the primary inpatient team. We determined the diagnostic yield among children who were referred for exome sequencing and observed the effects of genetic diagnosis on medical care.Results: A total of fifty probands were evaluated and exome sequenced during the study period. The most common phenotypes included were neurodevelopmental (56%), gastrointestinal (34%), and congenital cardiac anomalies (24%). A molecular diagnosis was reached in 38% of patients. Among seven patients (37%), the molecular genetic diagnosis influenced subsequent clinical management already during admission or shortly following discharge.Conclusion: We identified a significant fraction of genetic etiologies among undiagnosed children admitted to the general pediatric ward. Our results support that early application of exome sequencing may be maximized by pediatric hospitalists’ high index of suspicion for an underlying genetic etiology, prompting an in-house genetic evaluation. This framework should include a multidisciplinary co-management approach of the primary care team working alongside with subspecialties, geneticists and bioinformaticians.