bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of “Dihuang pill prescriptions” combined with conventional treatment for diabetic kidney disease: A network meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Lin Minghao , Zhang Hui , Liu Shilin , Li Andong , Nan Zheng 
Published: September 2023

Background:
With the increasing incidence of diabetic nephropathy, there is currently no means to completely cure the disease. However, a large number of clinical data proved that traditional Chinese medicine combined with modern medical conventional treatment of diabetic kidney disease has achieved better efficacy than simple Western medicine conventional treatment.

Methods:
Based on the mesh meta-analysis method, the objective evaluation of clinical efficacy of conventional treatment of diabetic kidney disease and comparison provided more evidence-based basis for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease and further select effective intervention measures to delay the process of diabetic kidney disease.

Results:
41 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 4 kinds of “Dihuang pill prescriptions,” with a total sample size of 3562 cases, including 1793 patients in the experimental group and 1769 patients in the control group. Network meta-analysis suggested that the best SUCRA-ranked 2 interventions were Jingui Shenqi pills/decoction + Western medicine routine” and Jisheng Shenqi pills/decoction + Western medicine routine in terms of reducing 24-hour urinary protein. In terms of reducing urinary albumin excretion rate, the top 2 SUCRA-ranked interventions were Zhibai Dihuang pills/decoction + Western medicine routine and Liuwei Dihuang Pills/decoction + Western medicine routine. In terms of reducing serum creatinine, the top 2 SUCRA ranked interventions were Jisheng Shenqi pills/decoction + Western medicine routine, Zhibai Dihuang Pills/decoction + Western medicine routine. In terms of lowering fasting blood glucose, the top 2 SUCRA-ranked interventions were Zhibai Dihuang pills/ decoction + Western medicine routine and Jisheng Shenqi pills/decoction + Western medicine routine. The results showed that the treatment plan of conventional Western medicine combined with Chinese patent medicine could reduce serum creatinine, 24-hour urinary protein, fasting blood glucose urine protein excretion rate and improve the total clinical effective rate.

Conclusion:
The combination of medicine was obviously better than conventional Western medicine alone.
Effect of COVID-19 on autism spectrum disorders: A bibliometric analysis based on original articles
Authors: Lyu Kaifeng , Li Jiang-shan , Chen Min , Zhang Wei , Hu Meichao 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The objective of this bibliometric inquiry was to scrutinize domains that delve into the repercussions of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on individuals afflicted with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), worldwide scholarly findings of interrelated research, and forthcoming trajectories.

Methods:
To conduct a literature analysis, use the web of science core collection database, search for ASD and COVID-19-related literature published Utilize CiteSpace and VosViewer to visually analyze documents and create networks of authors, organizations. The CiteSpace and VosViewer to visually analyze documents and create networks of authors, organizations, countries, and keywords.

Results:
This study collected 771 papers and shows an increasing trend in publications. The United States had the most relevant literature (281), followed by the United Kingdom (115) and Italy (76). The United States had the most relevant literature (281), followed by the United Kingdom (115) and Italy (76). The University of London had the most papers (53, 6.87%), and Happe_Francesca was the most productive researcher (6). J AUTISM DEV DISORD was the main journal for research on the impact of COVID-19 on ASD, with 22 related articles. Keyword co-occurrence analysis has revealed that “parenting stress,” “enhancing adherence,” “acute stress disorder,” “COVID-19 Italian lockdown,” “neurodevelopmental disorder,” and “occupational therapy” have garnered significant attention recently. Notably, the burst keywords suggest that “interventions,” “qualitative research,” “Disabilities Monitoring Network,” “neurodevelopmental disabilities,” “perceived stress,” and “barriers” are potential areas of investigation for future research.

Conclusion:
This bibliometric analysis delineates the fundamental structure for assessing the impact of COVID-19 on ASD by scrutinizing crucial indicators such as Our analysis reveals that COVID-19 impact on autism has garnered the interest of an Future research could explore the stress, anxiety, and strategies for individuals with ASD and their The use of telemedicine can be studied in depth, as a new idea for ASD diagnosis and intervention training, it is worthwhile. The use of telemedicine can be studied in depth, as a new idea for ASD diagnosis and intervention training, it is worth exploring, such as Disabilities Monitoring Network, etc.
Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular risk
Authors: Bilgic Selin , Remaley Alan T. , Sniderman Allan D. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose of review
The triglyceride-rich apoB lipoprotein particles make up a minority of the apoB particles in plasma. They vary in size, in lipid, and in protein content. Most are small enough to enter the arterial wall and therefore most are atherogenic. But how important a contribution TRL particles make to the total risk created by the apoB lipoproteins remains controversial. A recent Mendelian randomization analysis determined that the cardiovascular risk related to the cholesterol within these apoB particles--the TRL cholesterol--was greater than--and independent of--the risk related to apoB. If correct, these observations have major clinical significance.

Recent findings
Accordingly, we have analyzed these results in detail. In our view, the independent strength of the association between TRL cholesterol and apoB with cardiovascular risk seems inconsistent with the biological connections between apoB and cholesterol as integral and highly correlated constituents of apoB particles. These results are also inconsistent with other lines of evidence such as the results of the fibrate randomized clinical trials. Moreover, we are also concerned with other aspects of the analysis.

Summary
We do not regard the issue as settled. However, this enquiry has led us to a fuller understanding of the determinants of the cholesterol content of the TRL apoB particles and the complex processing of cholesterol amongst the plasma lipoproteins.
Critical Emergency Department Interventions and Clinical Deterioration in Children With Nonsevere Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Chaudhari Pradip P. , Durham Susan , Bachur Richard G. , Goodhue Catherine J. , Levitt Danielle , Semple-Hess Janet , Gao Leland , Pineda Jose , Khemani Robinder G. 
Published: September 2023

Objective
Substantial practice variation exists in the management of children with nonsevere traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH). A comprehensive understanding of rates and timing of clinically important tICH, including critical interventions and deterioration, along with associated clinical and neuroradiographic characteristics, will inform accurate risk stratification.

Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of children aged younger than 18 years evaluated in the emergency department (ED) from May 1, 2014 to February 28, 2020 with tICH and initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of higher than 8. We determined rates of clinically important tICH after injury and within 96 hours of ED arrival, defined as immediate ED interventions (intubation, hyperosmotic agents, or neurosurgery within 4 hours of arrival) or clinically important deterioration (signs/symptoms with change in management). Associations between outcome and clinical and neuroradiographic characteristics were calculated using individual logistic regression models.

Results
Our sample included 135 children. Clinically important tICH was observed in 13.3% (n = 18); 9 (6.7%) underwent immediate ED interventions and 9 (6.7%) developed deterioration. Most (93.3%, n = 127) presented with an initial GCS ≥ 14, including all children who later deteriorated. Initial GCS (P = 0.001) and nonaccidental trauma (P = 0.024) mechanism were associated with the outcome. None of the 71 (52.6%) children with initial GCS ≥ 14, isolated, nonepidural hemorrhage after accidental injury developed clinically important tICH.

Conclusions
Clinically important tICH occurred in 13% of children with nonsevere tICH, and 7% of children who did not undergo immediate ED interventions later deteriorated, all of whom had an initial GCS ≥ 14. However, a subgroup of children was identified as low risk based on clinical and neuroradiographic characteristics.
Wrist-Level Tendon Repairs Utilizing a Novel Tendon Stapler Device: An Efficiency and Biomechanical Study
Authors: Reed Evelyn R. , Hendrycks Russell , Graham Emily M. , Rosales Megan , Mendenhall Shaun D. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
A novel tendon stapler device (TSD) to improve the strength and consistency of primary tendon repairs was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The authors hypothesized that this TSD would demonstrate faster and superior biomechanical properties compared with a standard suture coaptation. The authors also hypothesized that the TSD biomechanical properties would be consistent across participants with differing tendon repair experiences.

Methods:
Participants included a novice, intermediate, and expert in tendon repairs. Timed comparisons were performed in flexor zones IV and V and extensor zones VI and VII on human cadaver arms. Suture repairs were performed with a modified Kessler technique with a horizontal mattress. TSD repairs were performed on the matched donor arms. Biomechanical testing included 2-mm gap force, ultimate failure load, and mode of failure.

Results:
In total, 228 tendon coaptations from 12 donor arms were performed and analyzed. TSD coaptations were 3 times faster and withstood nearly 50% higher forces on 2-mm gap testing and roughly 30% higher forces on ultimate failure testing. These findings did not change when the repair times were analyzed by participant. Suture coaptations failed owing to suture pull-through, suture breakage, or knot failure. TSD coaptation failures only occurred from device pull-through.

Conclusions:
The TSD produces significantly faster and stronger primary tendon coaptations compared with a standard 4-strand core suture repair in human donor arms. The findings demonstrated minimal variability among participants with differing tendon repair experience. Although further investigation is needed, this device has potential to revolutionize tendon repairs.
The role of corticosteroids in the palliation of dyspnea in cancer patients: an evidence-based review
Authors: Hui David , Yennurajalingam Sriram 
Published: September 2023

Purpose of review
To provide an evidence-based review on the use of corticosteroids for dyspnea in cancer patients.

Recent findings
Corticosteroids are commonly used for palliation of dyspnea; however, there is wide variation in how they are prescribed due to the paucity of high-quality evidence. Some clinicians would offer corticosteroids routinely regardless of the causes of dyspnea, while others would only prescribe corticosteroids selectively for specific indications, such as lymphangitic carcinomatosis, upper airway obstruction, superior vena cava obstruction, and cancer treatment-induced pneumonitis. Few mechanistic studies have been conducted to support the use of corticosteroids in cancer patients. Two double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trials have examined the routine use of high-dose dexamethasone for dyspnea in cancer patients. A pilot study suggested some benefits, but the larger confirmatory trial revealed no improvement compared to the placebo and significantly more adverse events. The selective use of corticosteroids use is only based on observational studies such as case series.

Summary
The unfavorable risk:benefit ratio of high-dose dexamethasone suggests that it should not be routinely prescribed for dyspnea in cancer patients. More research is needed to assess the selective use of corticosteroids and identify patients most likely be benefit from corticosteroid use.
Alternative Defibrillation Strategies for Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Perna Benedetta , Guarino Matteo , De Fazio Roberto , Esposito Ludovica , Portoraro Andrea , Rossin Federica , Remelli Francesca , Trevisan Caterina , Raparelli Valeria , Marasco Giovanni , Barbara Giovanni , Petrini Stefano , Vason Milo , Spampinato Michele Domenico , Giorgio Roberto De 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiac arrest with refractory ventricular fibrillation (rVF) represents a dramatic medical emergency. Despite recent advances, its treatment is challenging and burdened by limited evidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims at establishing whether alternative defibrillation strategies (ADS), i.e. double sequential external defibrillation (DSED) or vector-change defibrillation (VCD), improve survival among patients with rVF compared to standard defibrillation (SD).MethodsRandomized clinical trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective studies were included if: (1) compared ADS with SD in rVF; (2) conducted on patients ≥ 18 years old; (3) reported survival to hospital admission. English-language papers from MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, World Health Organization, EMBASE and CINAHL, published from inception to December 2022, were retrieved. The risk of bias was assessed following the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies and the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials, as appropriate. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled Odds Ratio (pOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) of ADS and survival to hospital admission. Furthermore, a subgroup analysis was performed to compare SD with each type of ADS. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022379049).ResultsEight studies (2 RCTs, 5 retrospective and 1 case-control study) were retrieved for qualitative and quantitative analyses. The study population included 1405 patients (ADS = 493 vs. SD = 912) with a pooled mean age of 61.9 ± 1.1 years; among them, 277 (19.7%) were female. The random-effect meta-analysis did not show differences in survival to hospital admission among ADS vs. SD (pOR = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.62-2.01). The subgroup analysis confirmed that neither DSED (pOR = 1.20, 95%CI: 0.56-2.58) nor VCD (pOR = 1.66, 95%CI: 0.10-27.02) were associated with improved survival to hospital admission. Main limitations were: i) few numbers of studies included with small sample size; and ii) female under-representation.ConclusionThe present manuscript did not show any difference on survival to hospital admission between the considered defibrillation strategies in rVF. This result highlights the need for furtherad hocclinical trials assessing the actual role of ADS.
Whole-brain analysis of CO2chemosensitive regions and identification of the retrotrapezoid and medullary raphé nuclei in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Turk Ariana Z. , Millwater Marissa , SheikhBahaei Shahriar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRespiratory chemosensitivity is an important mechanism by which the brain senses changes in blood partial pressure of CO2(PCO2). It is proposed that special neurons (and astrocytes) in various brainstem regions play key roles as CO2central respiratory chemosensors in rodents. Although common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), New-World non-human primates, show similar respiratory responses to elevated inspired CO2as rodents, the chemosensitive regions in marmoset brain have not been defined yet. Here, we used c-fos immunostainings to identify brain-wide CO2-activated brain regions in common marmosets. In addition, we mapped the location of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) and raphé nuclei in the marmoset brainstem based on colocalization of CO2-induced c-fos immunoreactivity with Phox2b, and TPH immunostaining, respectively. Our data also indicated that, similar to rodents, marmoset RTN astrocytes express Phox2b and have complex processes that create a meshwork structure at the ventral surface of medulla. Our data highlight some cellular and structural regional similarities in brainstem of the common marmosets and rodents.
Tuning electrical spiking ofSchizophyllumcommune with light
Authors: Browner Davin , Adamatzky Andrew , Schunselaar Ella , Wösten Han A. B. , Ayres Phil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhen studying the split-gill fungusSchizophyllum commune, we observed that the growing colonies displayed endogenous spikes of electrical potential similar to the action potentials of neurons. In order to investigate the impact of light on the electrical activities of these colonies, we exposed them to intermittent stimulation with cold light (5800k) and later with blue (c. 470nm), red (c. 642nm) and green (c. 538nm) light. Our findings revealed spiking activity can be influenced using this input including observable responses with patterns of spiking at relatively high average amplitudes (>1mV) appearing consistently upon illumination of the sample. The response is likely related to the activity of fungal photoreceptors, including potential sensitisation to blue light in the cellular signalling pathways facilitated by white collar proteins (WC-1, WC-2) inS. commune. Based on these findings, we suggest that fungal photosensors and photonic computing substrates have the potential to enable applications beyond the scope of conventional electronics via relatively fast spiking responses to light tuned by external input stimulation. Further work should focus on identifying the signal transduction pathway for responses to different wavelengths of light and its role in translation into engineered ELMs to extend existing studies in fungal photobiology.
Characterizing patterns of selection pressure on mammalian antiviral immune response
Authors: Hawash Mohamed B.F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImmune response is known to be under constant pressure evolutionary pressure from different factors including pathogens. Although different selection regimes are expected to act on the magnitude of immune response, there are limited studies that investigated the different patterns of selection pressures on the immune response quantitatively. I employed evolutionary models (Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models) to identify different patterns of selection on the antiviral immune response of fibroblasts derived from 18 mammalian species and one vertebrate stimulated by viral ligand, poly I:C, or Interferon alpha cytokine. I found stabilizing selection to be the dominant form of selection on the immune response. Out of 59 genes that were found to be responding in at least 15 species, 50 genes were found to be under stabilizing selection. Moreover, evolutionary variance was found to differ among these conservatively responding genes implicated in fighting viruses. For instance, ADAR was found to have low evolutionary variance while TRIM14 response showed opposite trend suggesting different evolutionary pressures acting on the magnitude of response. Directional selection was also detected specific infraorders of primates such as apes and old-world monkeys on response of innate immune effectors.
Evaluating community knowledge, attitude, and practices toward implementation of telemedicine in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mustafa Mustafa Mohammed , Al-Mohaithef Mohammed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe urgent need to provide fast, low-cost, affordable, and high-quality medical services is one of the requirements of today’s modern world, which is characterized by a fast pace and search for the best services, especially regarding medical consultation and treatment. These demands have led to the invention of new ways that medical services can be provided to patients in their homes.MethodsA cross-sectional study, conducted in February 2022 and ended in June 2023 with a representative sample of different categories of citizens. The study population included 281 (81.9%) males and 62 (18.1%) females (SD.385, mean 1.18). The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Saudi citizens in the Riyadh region regarding telemedicine.ResultsThe study revealed that only 30.3% of respondents were able to select the correct definition of the term telemedicine from three alternatives, which may reflect poor knowledge about telemedicine. A total of 19.5% of our participants said that they used telemedicine services only for medical consultations, while 13.7 said they used it for diagnosis and treatment. A total of 104 (88.9) out of 117 of the respondents believed that telemedicine has a positive impact on reducing costs and saving time.ConclusionThe study concluded that the main barriers that limit the use of telemedicine services are a lack of confidence in accessing telemedicine, difficulty in communicating due to the use of different languages and dialects, and the fact that services are not suitable for uneducated people.
Cereal Weevil’s Antimicrobial Peptides: At the Crosstalk between Development, Endosymbiosis and Immune Response
Authors: Galambos N. , Vincent-Monegat C. , Vallier A. , Parisot N. , Heddi A. , Zaidman-Rémy A. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryInteractions between animals and microbes are ubiquitous in nature and strongly impact animal physiology. These interactions are shaped by the host immune system, which responds to infections and contributes to tailor the associations with beneficial microorganisms. In many insects, beneficial symbiotic associations not only include gut commensals, but also intracellular bacteria, or endosymbionts. Endosymbionts are housed within specialised host cells, the bacteriocytes, and are transmitted vertically across host generations. Host-endosymbiont co-evolution shapes the endosymbiont genome and host immune system, which not only fights against microbial intruders, but also ensures the preservation of endosymbionts and the control of their load and location. The cereal weevilSitophilusspp. is a remarkable model to study the evolutionary adaptation of the immune system to endosymbiosis since its binary association with a unique, relatively recently acquired nutritional endosymbiont,Sodalis pierantonius. This Gram-negative bacterium has not experienced the genome size shrinkage observed in long-term endosymbioses and has retained immunogenicity. We focus here on the 16 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) identified in theSitophilus oryzaegenome and their expression patterns in different tissues, along host development or upon immune challenges, to address their potential functions in the defensive response and endosymbiosis homeostasis along the insect life cycle.