bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cadaveric study investigating the femoral nerve-sparing volume for pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block
Authors: Leurcharusmee Prangmalee , Kantakam Perada , Intasuwan Pittayarat , Malatong Yanumart , Maikong Naraporn , Navic Pagorn , Kitcharanant Nitchanant , Mahakkanukrauh Pasuk , Tran De Q 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThis cadaveric study investigated the maximum effective volume of dye in 90% of cases (MEV90) required to stain the iliac bone between the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) and the iliopubic eminence (IPE) while sparing the femoral nerve during the performance of pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block.MethodsIn cadaveric hemipelvis specimens, the ultrasound transducer was placed in a transverse orientation, medial and caudal to the anterior superior iliac spine in order to identify the AIIS, the IPE and the psoas tendon. Using an in-plane technique and a lateral-to-medial direction, the block needle was advanced until its tip contacted the iliac bone. The dye (0.1% methylene blue) was injected between the periosteum and psoas tendon. Successful femoral-sparing PENG block was defined as the non-staining of the femoral nerve on dissection. Volume assignment was carried out using a biased coin design, whereby the volume of dye administered to each cadaveric specimen depended on the response of the previous one. In case of failure (ie, stained femoral nerve), the next one received a lower volume (defined as the previous volume with a decrement of 2 mL). If the previous cadaveric specimen had a successful block (ie, non-stained femoral nerve), the next one was randomized to a higher volume (defined as the previous volume with an increment of 2 mL), with a probability of b=1/9, or the same volume, with a probability of 1–b=8/9.ResultsA total of 32 cadavers (54 cadaveric hemipelvis specimens) were included in the study. Using isotonic regression and bootstrap CI, the MEV90 for femoral-sparing PENG block was estimated to be 13.2 mL (95% CI: 12.0 to 20.0). The probability of a successful response was estimated to be 0.93 (95% CI: 0.81 to 1.00).ConclusionFor PENG block, the MEV90 of methylene blue required to spare the femoral nerve in a cadaveric model is 13.2 mL. Further studies are required to correlate this finding with the MEV90 of local anesthetic in live subjects.
Activation of the High Mobility Group Box 1/Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts /NOD‐like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain‐Containing 3 Axis Under Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Induction Promotes the Progression of Atherosclerosis in ApoE
−/−
Mice
Authors: Tan Haoqu , Hu Jinfang , Zuo Wei , Huang Yun , Cui Jian , Gong Fei , Bai Wei 
Published: April 2023

Background
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been regarded as an important cause of atherosclerotic disease. In our study, we set out to investigate whether CIH regulated the high mobility group box 1/receptor for advanced glycation endproducts/NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain‐containing 3 (HMGB1/RAGE/NLRP3) axis to affect the progression of atherosclerosis.

Methods and Results

Initially, peripheral blood samples were collected from patients with single obstructive sleep apnea, atherosclerosis complicated with obstructive sleep apnea, and healthy volunteers. In vitro cell experiments were conducted using human monocyte cell line THP‐1 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells to explore the role of HMGB1 in cell migration, apoptosis, adhesion, and transendothelial migration. In addition, a CIH‐induced atherosclerosis mouse model was established for further identifying the critical role of the HMGB1/RAGE/NLRP3 axis in atherosclerosis. Upregulated HMGB1 and RAGE were found in patients with atherosclerosis complicated with obstructive sleep apnea. CIH induction increased HMGB1 expression by inhibiting HMGB1 methylation, activating the RAGE/NLRP3 axis. After inhibition of the HMGB1/RAGE/NLRP3 axis, monocyte chemotaxis and adhesion were repressed, and macrophage‐derived foam cell formation was inhibited, accompanied by suppression of endothelial and foam cell apoptosis and inflammatory factor secretion. In vivo animal experiments also noted that the progression of atherosclerosis was prevented by inhibition of the HMGB1/RAGE/NLRP3 axis in CIH‐induced ApoE
−/−
mice.

Conclusions
Taken together, CIH induction can upregulate HMGB1 through inhibition of HMGB1 methylation, which activates the RAGE/NLRP3 axis to promote inflammatory factor secretion, thereby promoting the progression of atherosclerosis.
Health‐Related Quality of Life and Its Association With Outcomes in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Failure: Insight From FRESH‐ACHD Registry
Authors: Ly Reaksmei , Karsenty Clément , Amedro Pascal , Cohen Sarah , Domanski Olivia , Godart Francois , Radojevic Jelena , Vaksmann Guy , Naccache Nicole , Boubrit Anissa , Bataille Vincent , Hascoet Sébastien , Ladouceur Magalie 
Published: April 2023

Background
Quality of Life (QoL) is a prognostic factor in heart failure (HF) of patients with acquired cardiac disease. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of QoL on outcomes in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) and HF.

Methods and Results

Quality of life of 196 adults with congenital heart disease with clinical heart failure (HF) (mean age: 44.3±13.8 years; 51% male; 56% with complex congenital heart disease; 47% New York Heart Association class III/IV) included in the prospective multicentric registry FRESH‐ACHD (French Survey on Heart Failure−Adult with Congenital Heart Disease) was assessed using the 36‐Item Short Form Survey (SF‐36), a patient‐reported survey. The primary end point was defined by all‐cause death, HF‐related hospitalization, heart transplantation, and mechanical circulatory support. At 12 months, 28 (14%) patients reached the combined end point. Patients with low quality of life experienced major adverse events more frequently (logrank
P
=0.013). On univariate analysis, lower score at physical functioning (hazard ratio [HR], 0.98 [95% CI, 0.97–0.99];
P
=0.008), role limitations related to physical health (HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.97–0.99];
P
=0.008), and general health dimensions of the SF‐36 (HR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.95–0.99];
P
=0.002) were significantly predictive of cardiovascular events. However, after multivariable analysis, SF‐36 dimensions were no longer significantly associated with the primary end point.

Conclusions
Patients with congenital heart disease with HF and poor quality of life experience severe events more frequently, making quality of life assessment and rehabilitation programs essential to alter their trajectory.
Improvement of Symptoms and Quality of Life After Successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusion in Elderly Patients
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Wang Jiayi , Chen Yan , Wang Wei , Hu Wentao , Zou Yiming , Zhu Boda , Yang Li , Chen Genrui , Yu Tiantong , Han Peng , Ma Bingqi , Wang Huan , Xia Chenhai , Wang Rutao , Tan Zhijun , Zhai Zhongjie , Li Rong , Gao Haokao , Lian Kun , Li Chengxiang 
Published: April 2023

Background
Data regarding the impact of successful chronic total occlusion treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO‐PCI) on symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients (≥75 years) are unknown. This prospective study aimed to assess whether successful CTO‐PCI could improve the symptoms and QOL in elderly patients (≥75 years).

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients who underwent elective CTO‐PCI were prospectively enrolled and subdivided into 3 groups based on age: age<65 years, 65 years≤age<75 years, and age≥75 years. The primary outcomes included symptoms, as assessed with the New York Heart Association functional class and Seattle Angina Questionnaire, and QOL, as assessed with the 12‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey questionnaire, at baseline, 1 month, and 1 year after successful CTO‐PCI. Of 1076 patients with CTO, 101 were age≥75 years (9.39%). Hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and left ventricular ejection fraction levels all decreased with increasing age, and NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) increased. The proportion of dyspnea and coronary lesions, including multivessel disease, multi‐CTO lesion, and calcification were higher in elderly patients. Procedural success rate, intraprocedural complications, and in‐hospital major adverse cardiac events were not statistically different in the 3 groups. Importantly, symptoms, including dyspnea and angina, were markedly improved regardless of age at 1‐month and 1‐year follow‐up (
P
<0.05). Likewise, successful CTO‐PCI significantly improved QOL at 1‐month and 1‐year follow‐up (
P
<0.01). Additionally, the incidence of major adverse cardiac events and all‐cause mortality at 1‐month and 1‐year follow‐up was not statistically different in the 3 groups.

Conclusions
Successful PCI was beneficial and feasible to improve symptoms and QOL in patients ≥75 years of age with CTO.
Is research funding always beneficial? A cross-disciplinary analysis of U.K. research 2014–20
Authors: Thelwall Mike , Kousha Kayvan , Abdoli Mahshid , Stuart Emma , Makita Meiko , Font-Julián Cristina I. , Wilson Paul , Levitt Jonathan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Although funding is essential for some types of research and beneficial for others, it may constrain academic choice and creativity. Thus, it is important to check whether it ever seems unnecessary. Here we investigate whether funded U.K. research tends to be higher quality in all fields and for all major research funders. Based on peer review quality scores for 113,877 articles from all fields in the U.K.’s Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021, we estimate that there are substantial disciplinary differences in the proportion of funded journal articles, from Theology and Religious Studies (16%+) to Biological Sciences (91%+). The results suggest that funded research is likely to be of higher quality overall, for all the largest research funders, and for 30 out of 34 REF Units of Assessment (disciplines or sets of disciplines), even after factoring out research team size. There are differences between funders in the average quality of the research supported, however. Funding seems particularly associated with higher research quality in health-related fields. The results do not show cause and effect and do not take into account the amount of funding received but are consistent with funding either improving research quality or being won by high-quality researchers or projects.
Xunzi and Zhuangzi on Music: Two Ways of Modeling the Ethical Significance of Art
Authors: Kreis Guido 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses two early Chinese ways of modeling the ethical significance of art using music as an example. I shall focus on the Xunzi 《荀子》 as a paradigmatic statement of Confucian views, and selected passages from the Zhuangzi 《莊子》 as an exemplary manifestation of Daoist aesthetics. I argue that the Xunzi opts for a direct ethical impact of music, while it does not rely on an independent aesthetic conception of the goodness of music. By contrast, I argue that the Zhuangzi discusses music on the grounds of an independent aesthetic conception of its goodness, while music can only claim an indirect ethical significance. Both models are mutually exclusive. This gives reason to believe that the Xunzi and the Zhuangzi present us with the two systematically possible ways of modeling the ethical impact of art.
Heart and Beyond: Following Emotion Farther Out
Authors: Casey Edward S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Urgent times such as ours call for a reexamination of human emotional life, a life we tend to take for granted in calmer times. Philosophy, and phenomenology in particular, should have something to say about our emotional bearings or their lack in this dürftiger Zeit, a time of collective crisis and personal desperation. My hope is that a careful assessment of emotion will be of value to those of us living through what Hannah Arendt called “dark times.” As a phenomenologist, my aim is a mainly descriptive one that seeks to arrive at a more precise sense of the emergence of emotion, not as construed causally but as felt experientially. Accordingly, I shall pursue the paths traced by certain manifestations of emotion: paths that have been largely neglected in recent treatments. Being on this road (and there is no other) amounts to living with the consequences of the manifestation of emotions, what I have come to call them periphaneity.
Stability Analysis of Ice Crystal Orientation
Authors: Zeng Xiping , Ulanowski Zbigniew , Heymsfield Andrew J. , Wang Yansen , Li Xiaowen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The stability of ice crystal orientation is studied by modeling the airflow around ice crystals at moderate Reynolds number, where an ice crystal is approximated by a cylinder with three parameters: diameter D, length L, and zenith angle of the axis θ. In this paper, the torque acting on ice crystals is simulated at different θ first, and then a special θ with zero horizontal torque, denoted as θe, is sought as an equilibrium of ice crystal orientation. The equilibrium is classified into two kinds: stable and unstable. Ice crystals rotate to θe of stable equilibriums while deviating from θe of unstable ones once they are released into quiet air. Multiple equilibriums of ice crystal orientation are found via numerical simulations. A cylinder with D/L close to one has three equilibriums, two of which are stable (i.e., θe = 0° and 90°). A cylinder with D/L away from one has only two equilibriums, one of which is stable (i.e., either θe = 0° or 90°). In addition, an asymmetric cylinder has two, three, or five equilibriums, and their θe is sensitive to the distance between its geometrical center and its center of gravity. The sensitivity of θe to crystal asymmetry suggests large symmetric ice crystals tend to become asymmetric (or irregular) and subsequently oriented randomly.

Significance Statement
Ice crystal orientation impacts high-cloud reflectance and satellite-based observations of high clouds significantly. However, its laboratory and field observations look dissimilar: the percentage of horizontally oriented ice crystals (HOICs) observed in the laboratory is quite high, while in the field it is often low and varies greatly in space and time. The motivation for this study is to elucidate what causes the difference between the laboratory and field observations. The torque acting on ice crystals are computed by modeling the airflow around ice crystals, revealing the conditions for nonhorizontal orientations of ice crystals. In quiet air, an ice crystal is oriented either horizontally or vertically when its shape is close to sphere. When its shape is elongated in one direction, its orientation depends on its asymmetry in density and shape. The sensitivity of ice crystal orientation to ice crystal asymmetry explains the low percentage of HOICs in the field, because asymmetric ice crystals are common in clouds. As an application, this sensitivity together with the observed percentage of HOICs can be used to infer the processes of ice crystal growth in clouds, providing clues to better representation of ice crystals in weather and climate models.
Hemispheric Albedo Asymmetries across Three Phases of CMIP
Authors: Crueger Traute , Schmidt Hauke , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Earth’s planetary albedo shows a remarkable hemispheric symmetry. We assess to what extent CMIP models symmetrize the hemispheric clear-sky albedo asymmetry and what the role of clouds is for this. Following Voigt et al., we calculate a reference TOA reflected solar radiation considering the masking of clear-sky asymmetry by symmetric cloud contributions. We use the simple radiation model of Donohoe and Battisti to estimate this benchmark and to separate surface, aerosol, and cloud contributions to the compensation of this benchmark. In CERES, tropical clouds enhance the reference asymmetry while extratropical cloud asymmetries balance the reference asymmetry and the additional asymmetry introduced by tropical clouds. CMIP multimodel means show similar results as CERES. Clouds compensate reference asymmetries by 85% (CMIP3), 65% (CMIP5), and 78% (CMIP6) as compared with 98% for CERES. Spatial distributions of hemispheric differences indicate clear improvements across the CMIP phases. Remaining all-sky reflection asymmetries predominantly result from too-small, partly compensating cloud asymmetries: a too-weak enhancement of the reference asymmetry in the tropical Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans is accompanied by a too-weak compensation by extratropical clouds. Thus, tropical clouds and extratropical storm track regions are largely responsible for the compensation of hemispheric clear-sky asymmetries in CERES and CMIP, and for remaining biases in the GCMs. An unexpected result is the magnitude of model biases in the clear-sky asymmetries, which potentially condition systematic cloud biases. Experiments testing cloud-controlling factors influencing hemispheric asymmetry could help us to understand what drives hemispheric cloud differences.
Association Between Graft Type and Risk of Repeat Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Cohort Study of 1747 Patients
Authors: Heffner Michael , Chang Richard N. , Royse Kathryn E. , Ding David Y. , Maletis Gregory B. 
Published: April 2023

Background: With an increasing number of primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs), the burden of revision ACLR (rACLR) has also increased. Graft choice for rACLR is complicated by patient factors and the remaining available graft options. Purpose: To examine the association between graft type at the time of rACLR and the risk of repeat rACLR (rrACLR) in a large US integrated health care system registry while accounting for patient and surgical factors at the time of revision surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data from the Kaiser Permanente ACLR registry were used to identify patients who underwent a primary isolated ACLR between 2005 and 2020 and then went on to have rACLR. Graft type used at rACLR, classified as autograft versus allograft, was the exposure of interest. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to evaluate the risk of rrACLR, with ipsilateral and contralateral reoperation as secondary outcomes. Models included factors at the time of the rACLR (age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, staged revision, femoral fixation, tibial fixation, femoral tunnel method, lateral meniscal injury, medial meniscal injury, and cartilage injury) and a factor from the primary ACLR (activity at injury) as covariates. Results: A total of 1747 rACLR procedures were included. The crude cumulative rrACLR incidence at 8-year follow-up was 13.9% for allograft and 6.0% for autograft. Cumulative ipsilateral reoperation incidence at 8-year follow-up was 18.3% for allograft and 18.9% for autograft; contralateral reoperation cumulative incidence was 4.3% for allograft and 6.8% for autograft. With adjustment for covariates, a 70% lower risk for rrACLR was observed for autograft compared with allograft (hazard ratio [HR], 0.30; 95% CI, 0.18-0.50; P < .0001). No differences were observed for ipsilateral reoperation (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.73-1.51; P = .78) or contralateral reoperation (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.60-2.97; P = .48). Conclusion: The use of autograft at rACLR was associated with a 70% lower risk of rrACLR compared with allograft in this cohort from the Kaiser Permanente ACLR registry. When accounting for all reoperations outside of rrACLR after rACLR, the authors found no significant difference in risk between autograft and allograft. To minimize the risk of rrACLR, surgeons should consider using autograft for rACLR when possible.
Prenatal developmental toxicity of gardenia blue, a natural food colorant, in rats and rabbits
Authors: Breslin William J , Mesnard Jaime L , Maronpot Robert R , Koyanagi Mihoko , Chiba Shuichi , Nishino Masayuki , Hayashi Shim-mo 
Published: April 2023

Introduction Gardenia blue is a colorant widely used in Asia in food and beverages. The objectives of the present studies were to evaluate the maternal and prenatal embryo-fetal developmental toxicity of gardenia blue in rats and rabbits. Methods Sprague Dawley rats and New Zealand White rabbits were administered gardenia blue daily by oral gavage at doses of 0 (deionized water vehicle), 500, 1000 or 2000 mg/kg/day on Gestation Days 6 through 20 (rats) and 7 through 28 (rabbits). Endpoints evaluated included clinical observations, body weight, food consumption, thyroid hormones (rats), thyroid weights and histopathology (rats), gross pathologic changes, ovarian and uterine observations, fetal weight and anogenital distance (rats) and fetal morphology (external, visceral and skeletal). Results Treatment related maternal findings attributed to the blue/dark color of the test substance included body surface staining, and dark/blue discoloration of the kidneys, gastrointestinal track and mesenteric lymph nodes at all or most doses in the rat and/or rabbit. Slight reductions in food consumption without effects on body weight were also observed in rats at all doses and in rabbits at 2000 mg/kg/day. There were no treatment related effects on maintenance of pregnancy, postimplantation loss, litter size, fetal weight and anogenital distance, or fetal external, visceral, or skeletal malformations and variations. Conclusions Based on these results, the maternal and developmental no-observed-adverse-effect level for gardenia blue in rats and rabbits was ≥2000 mg/kg/day.
Stack-VTP: prediction of vesicle transport proteins based on stacked ensemble classifier and evolutionary information
Authors: Chen Yu , Gao Lixin , Zhang Tianjiao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVesicle transport proteins not only play an important role in the transmembrane transport of molecules, but also have a place in the field of biomedicine, so the identification of vesicle transport proteins is particularly important. We propose a method based on ensemble learning and evolutionary information to identify vesicle transport proteins. Firstly, we preprocess the imbalanced dataset by random undersampling. Secondly, we extract position-specific scoring matrix (PSSM) from protein sequences, and then further extract AADP-PSSM and RPSSM features from PSSM, and use the Max-Relevance-Max-Distance (MRMD) algorithm to select the optimal feature subset. Finally, the optimal feature subset is fed into the stacked classifier for vesicle transport proteins identification. The experimental results show that the of accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) of our method on the independent testing set are 82.53%, 0.774 and 0.836, respectively. The SN, SP and ACC of our proposed method are 0.013, 0.007 and 0.76% higher than the current state-of-the-art methods.