bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the causal association of trauma with subsequent psychiatric disorders by a Mendelian randomization study trauma and common psychiatric disorders
Authors: Gu Dongqing , Ou Shan , Liu Guodong 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTrauma has been proposed as a risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to determine the causal role of trauma in six common psychiatric disorders.MethodsWe obtained summary-level data for genetic variants associated with trauma and the corresponding association with psychiatric disorders from previous genome-wide association studies. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyzes were performed to estimate the causal association between trauma and psychiatric disorders, with inverse variance weighted used as the main method.ResultsGenetically predisposed trauma was associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders [odds ratio (OR) =1.24, 95%, confidence interval (CI), 1.09–1.40], anxiety disorder (OR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.10–1.52) and schizophrenia (OR = 1.48, 95% CI, 1.18–1.84). However, the associations between trauma and sleep disorder (OR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.01–1.35), as well as depression (OR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.02–1.16) did not reach a Bonferroni corrected significance level. Besides, no association was observed between trauma and risk of bipolar disorder (OR = 1.21, 95% CI, 0.98–1.48) and eating disorder (OR = 1.28, 95% CI, 0.88–1.86).ConclusionTrauma might be causally associated with an increased risk of some common psychiatric disorders such as anxiety disorder and schizophrenia. However, little evidence supported an association between trauma and risk of depression, bipolar disorder, sleep disorder, and eating disorder. Our findings offered novel insights into the trauma-mediated development mechanism of psychiatric disorders, and psychological intervention to patients with trauma may be an effective prevention strategy for psychological diseases.
Finding a way forward with the community: qualitative inquiry in the generalized HIV epidemic in Mizoram, India
Authors: Rao Amrita , Mamulwar Megha , Panda Samiran , Pachuau Henry Zodinliana , Vanlalvenzuali H. , Lalruatsanga  , Roy Tarun , Lalnuntlangi Nunui 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionMizoram, the northeastern State of India bordering Myanmar, is presently witnessing a burgeoning generalized HIV epidemic along with the highest State-level HIV prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs, 24.7%) and people who inject drugs (PWID,19.8%) in the country. The present study was conducted against such background to understand the current situation of HIV prevention and care services in Mizoram, and capture community voices as well as concerns so that the way forward could be informed appropriately.MethodsThe study period was October through December 2020 (in the midst of COVID-restrictions) in the districts of Aizawl, Mamit, Kolasib, Lunglei, and Champhai where HIV prevalence crossed 1% among ante-natal clinic (ANC) attending women. Contrastingly, the national average HIV prevalence among ANC attendees is 0.24%, which formed the basis for selecting the aforementioned five high burden districts for this current inquiry. In-depth-interviews were conducted with community members and youth leaders, vulnerable and general population groups as well as HIV-program officials. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated and later coded for analysis following thematic approach.ResultsThe emerging issues were grouped in three thematic layers; (1) HIV vulnerability, (2) challenges pertaining to prevention and care services, and (3) program elements and future roadmap. Discrimination at the community level, unfriendly behavior of some of the HIV-service staff, occasional interruption in supplies of anti-retroviral treatment and sterile syringes and needles were voiced as deterrents to accessing HIV prevention and care services by the participants. Community engagement, based on restorative approach rather than retribution and ensuring enhanced performance of the district AIDS program control units emerged as necessary programmatic elements.ConclusionThis inquiry highlighted macro-social and structural forces contributing to stigma and discrimination toward people at risk of HIV. It is urgent that HIV-services are re-aligned through de-centralized district level innovations and creation of safer spaces at the physical, societal and familial level. These, even during the time of stress such as a pandemic, would help health services to remain resilient. HIV outreach, sensitization of the community leaders and health-care professionals through strategic communication and ownership of the communities in these endeavors appeared paramount.
The Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of La Palma
Authors: Romanowski Jerzy , Ceryngier Piotr , Vĕtrovec Jaroslav , Szawaryn Karol 
Published: July 2023

This paper provides new data on the ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) of La Palma, one of the western islands of the Canarian archipelago. The field survey of 54 study sites resulted in recording 2494 ladybird individuals belonging to 26 species. Seven of the species recorded were new to La Palma, including two, Harmonia quadripunctata (Pontoppidan) and Nephus reunioni (Fürsch), which were not registered so far on any of the Canary Islands. Novius conicollis (Korschefsky) is synonymized with N. cruentatus (Mulsant). Taking our survey and literature reports into account, a total of at least 35 species of Coccinellidae have so far been recorded on La Palma. This richness in species is lower compared to that of the central islands of the Canarian archipelago, Gran Canaria (42 species) and Tenerife (41 species), but higher than that of the remaining four islands (between 22 and 27 species). The detection of two alien species new to La Palma, Nephaspis bicolor Gordon and Nephus reunioni (Fürsch), confirms earlier observations that colonization of the Canary Islands by ladybird species of exotic origins seems to be a frequent phenomenon.
March 2020-Printed Issue
Authors:   Patient Safety Authority
Published: July 2023

The spring 2020 issue of Patient Safety is available to read online and download at no charge. Each issue of Patient Safety brings you the latest evidence-based research and data analytics, interviews with healthcare experts and advocates, thought-provoking editorials, and inspiring stories from patients and families. Our cover story, “I Am the Zebra,” (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73585-i-am-the-zebra-one-woman-s-five-year-quest-for-the-truth) is a patient commentary from Missy Adams and her husband, Solomon, detailing her long, difficult journey toward an accurate diagnosis. In this issue we also hear from Mary Ellen Mannix, who shares the tragic story of her son James (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73597-one-on-one-mary-ellen-mannix) and how her efforts to understand what happened to him led her to speak up for other patients. Additional highlights: A practice improvement paper about an organization’s efforts to decrease medication errors (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73587) related to patient weight discrepancies, a new safety self-assessment tool (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73589) to help prevent vancomycin-related events, and a look at how safety is compromised when hospital equipment cannot accommodate obese patients (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73590). Members of the LGBTQ community tell us in their own words about their healthcare experiences (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73592) and how we can provide safe care for all patients, and we celebrate the winners of the Patient Safety Authority’s 2020 I AM Patient Safety Awards (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73593). Patient Safety is fully open access (no fees for authors or readers). We welcome manuscripts from all over the world. If your work can help advance patient safety, please submit it to us for consideration (https://patientsafetyj.com/for-authors), and kindly share our journal with friends, family, colleagues, and caregivers.
Analisis Kemantapan Jalan Kayuagung-Pedamaran Timur dengan Metode IRI Menggunakan Aplikasi RoadBump Pro
Authors: Muslikah Siti , Yuliana Idaya 
Published: July 2023

Steady and stable roads are needed to distribute goods and services smoothly. It is necessary to check the performance of the road network on a regular basis for planning effective and efficient road improvements. The level of road flatness (International Roughness Index, IRI) is one of the service factors/functional performance of a pavement that greatly influences the driver's comfort (riding quality). One of the smartphone applications to get road IRI scores is Roadbump Pro. The results of the assessment of the Kayuagung-Pedamaran Timur (Jalan Sebuku) road using IRI based on the Roadbump Pro application, mostly include unstable roads, and road improvement efforts that must be carried out are road improvements. Meanwhile, based on the type of vehicle used, the measurement of the IRI value based on the RoadBump Pro application is smaller if using an SUV vehicle than using a pickup vehicle. The level of road flatness (International Roughness Index, IRI) is one of the service factors/functional performance of a pavement that greatly influences the driver's comfort (riding quality). One of the smartphone applications to get road IRI scores is Roadbump Pro. The results of the assessment of the Kayuagung-Pedamaran Timur (Jalan Sebuku) road using IRI based on the Roadbump Pro application, mostly include unstable roads, and improvement efforts must be carried out. Meanwhile, based on the type of vehicle used, the measurement of the IRI value based on the RoadBump Pro application is smaller if using an SUV vehicle than using a pickup vehicle.
QCARxE: Qatar-based cardiovascular risk assessment using the English/Arabic version of the EPI·RxISK™ mobile application
Authors: Kattan Lana Abdulkarim 
Published: July 2023

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for almost one-third of the total global deaths. Early CVD risk assessment and management (RAM) has demonstrated to be effective in decreasing CVD-related burden. However, CVDRAM services face many challenges and barriers in the community. Mobile technology has been advocated to facilitate access to CVDRAM for both healthcare providers and patients to overcome these barriers. Nevertheless, there is limited availability and use of CVDRAM-related mobile technology in the Middle East region.
Objectives: To develop and implement an English and Arabic version of a mobile and a web application for CVDRAM in both, community pharmacies and selected primary care centres in Qatar.
Methodology: This study was conducted in two phases. In Phase 1, translation of the EPI·RxISK™ CV risk calculator (ERC) into the Arabic language was conducted based on guidelines developed by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. The English/Arabic version of the ERC was pilot tested by potential end users, consisting of a sample of community pharmacists (CRxs) and members of the public (MOP) accessing community pharmacy services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted based on the constructs of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) and data were analyzed using deductive content analysis. In Phase 2, a prospective observational study (QCARxE) is underway to explore the feasibility of using the ERC in patients accessing primary health care services for CVDRAM, including community pharmacies and primary health care centers (PHCC).
Results: In Phase 1, a total of 10 CRxs and 5 MOP were interviewed. The data derived from the interviews indicate that the ERC web and mobile application were overall, positively perceived as having quality engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information and subjective quality attributes. To date, a total of 36 patients have enrolled in the QCARxE study (20 from PHCC and 16 from community pharmacies). At their initial CVD risk assessment visit, the mean CVD risk score for these patients was 28.3%, and the most prevalent risk factor was obesity (mean BMI = 30.2 kg/m²).
Conclusion: The themes derived from the interviews indicate that the ERC was overall, positively perceived. Preliminary data derived from the QCARxE study indicated a significant proportion of patients accessing primary health care services are at high CVD risk. It is speculated that the use of the ERC will enable patients to become better aware of their CVD risk and improve access to risk factor interventions.
Barriers and facilitators of inappropriate surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis in endourological procedures: a qualitative study from Jordan
Authors: Abdaljaleel Sondos , Hijazeen Rima , Abdel Jalil Mariam , Awwad Oriana , Edwan Ghazi , Amaireh Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

Background: Inappropriate surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) practice increases patients’ morbidity, healthcare cost, and antimicrobial resistance. Several guidelines have been published to set guidance for SAP before endourological procedures. Such guidelines include the American Urological Association (AUA, 2019) and the European Association of Urology (EAU, 2020). Literature reported that compliance with the recommendations of these guidelines has been suboptimal.
Aims: to investigate healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) perspectives on the barriers to international guideline adherence regarding SAP for endourological procedures and the potential strategies to optimize adherence to guidelines recommendations.
Methodology: This study was a qualitative study based on face-to-face semi-structured interviews conducted with urologists in multiple medical centers across Jordan using a preformulated interview guide regarding barriers and facilitators to the adherence to international guidelines of preoperative SAP during endourological procedures.
Results: Nineteen urologists were interviewed. Interviews identified many barriers influencing HCP adherence to guidelines, these included factors related to patients, HCPs, the healthcare system, or other external barriers. Also, during the interviews, HCPs suggested many strategies to enhance SAP practice which included increasing patients’ awareness about their actual need for antibiotics, providing training sessions for HCPs about appropriate SAP before endourological procedures, developing national guidelines and conducting local clinical studies, and promoting awareness of the clinical pharmacist's role. In addition to imposing national policy to control antibiotic use and prevent over-the-counter (OTC) prescriptions.
Conclusion: Factors related to nonadherence to guidelines were determined. Such knowledge will constitute the backbone for planning appropriate antimicrobial stewardship programs that involve all stakeholders and address all those aspects to optimize SAP prescribing and reduce antibiotic misuse.
Development and Characterization of Anticancer Model Drug Conjugated to Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded into Different Topical Skin Formulations
Authors: Obaid Ruwa Zuhier , Abu-Huwaij Rana , Hamed Rania 
Published: July 2023

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antineoplastic agents, which interacts with DNA and shows sever toxicity due to its lack of specificity. The cytotoxic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is mainly concerned in changing the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton of proteins and/or producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells exposed to ZnO NPs. The green synthesis of ZnO NPs from plant extracts has been recently employed as a simple, eco-friendly, safe, and cost- and time-effective approach with higher stability and reproducibility. Phoenix dactylifera, due to its chemical component (tannins, phenolic acid, and carotenoids), was employed in the preparation of ZnO NPs. The main objective of this study is to greenly synthesize ZnO NPs conjugated with DOX (DOX-ZnO NPS) and loaded into various types of gel preparations (hydrogel and oleogel). P.dactylifera solution extract was mixed with 0.6M zinc acetate at 1:1 v/v ratio to prepare ZnO NPs. The prepared NPs was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, particles size, PDI, and zeta potential. The maximum wavelength of ZnO NPs was detected at 360 nm. Dialysis method was used to determine the effect of ZnO NPs on enhancing DOX release. The cumulative amount of DOX was calculated via UV-vis spectroscopy at 480 nm after 48 h. Spherical nanoparticles of size range 15.35–28.74 nm and -22mV zeta potential was obtained. The rheological results showed that both gel formulations exhibited a pseudoplastic (shear-thinning) flow and viscoelastic behavior. The in vitro release studies showed that ZnO NPs enhanced the release of DOX, where the amount of DOX released from DOX-ZnO NPs hydrogel and oloegel was higher than that of DOX-hydrogel and oleogel. In addition, DOX-ZnO NPs hydrogel showed a faster release that DOX-ZnO NPs oleogel. Therefore, an eco-friendly and low-cost greenly synthesized ZnO NPs were successfully developed, conjugated with DOX, and loaded into hydrogels and oleogels for dermal delivery.
Por uma trama metodológica para análises de condutas vocais no canto popular
Authors: Lima Ricardo , Machado Regina 
Published: July 2023

Apresentamos neste artigo um alinhavo metodológico que une ferramentas capazes de agenciar entendimentos quanto às escolhas e intenções interpretativas em Canto Popular, além de perceber resultantes semânticas advindas de procedimentos vocais e da relação destes com outros elementos da canção. A metodologia abrange aspectos fisiológicos, acústicos, estéticos, semióticos e musicais. Para isso, acionamos os conceitos e procedimentos da semiótica da canção, das qualidades emotivas da voz, o entendimento sobre momento musical e unidade sonora. Por fim, aplicamos a proposta, que será experimentada por meio da análise de interpretações distintas de uma mesma canção, e analisamos a construção do gesto interpretativo e dos sentidos que emergem das relações que se desdobram na trama cancional das obras.
A MORPHOLOGICAL READING OF J.K. ROWLING’S NOVELS USING PROPP’S NARRATIVE THEORY
Authors: Nurjanah Hidayatul , Shofa Asyida Hayati 
Published: July 2023

Narratology study has been debate from scholars from myth to postmodern times. However, although postmodern thinkers put aside a set rule of narrative, yet in fact in there are found numerous generous amount of narrative by incorporating the world and the self. This research attemps at applying morphological perspective of Propp’s narrative functions in J.K. Rowling’s novels such as Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, and Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them. Using qualitative content analysis approach, this research was conducted by doing documentation, examination, and classification to obtain the relevant data. The result shows that there are identified 19 functions in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone which written using propp’s nomeclature symbols as βγ2δεη1θ1A14CDEG6J1K5ExI1↑, and then 21 functions in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets written in nomeclature symbols β2γδε2ζη3θA1aBCDEF5G3H2I2Rs1MNQ1, and 13 functions in Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them written in nomeclature symbols αδ[η1η2η3]A13a3C[E7E8][F1F2F4F5F7]GH1I2[K2K5K6K7K10]Rs5Q3. In addition, J.K. Rowling’s novels which widely accepted as postmodern literary works are still relevant to Propp’s morphologic model of narrative functions approach. In short, Propp’s theory is applicable for the study of narrative not only for folktale but also other literary genres.
Offline Nepali Numeral Character Recognition using Character Specific Features
Authors: SHARMA ISHIR BABU 
Published: July 2023

<p> An off-line Nepali numeral handwritten character recognition, based on the neural network, is described in this paper. Nepali numeral specific features are extracted from character images. Connection of feature vector to the hidden neurons and hidden neurons to the output neurons is chosen to give optimum result. Very few number of samples are used to train the neural network. Recognition accuracy of 81.14 per cent is obtained. </p>
Pun in English: Towards identifying its Equivalent Device(s) in Arabic
Authors: Al-Kawwaz Siham 
Published: July 2023

The term pun refers to a common rhetorical device that involves playing upon words which are similar in form but different in meaning. It seems to be a universal phenomenon since it appears in literatures of all natural languages. In Arabic, it is observed that Arab authors are at odds when they write about this device. They often differ in identifying what represents it in Arabic rhetoric to the extent that they refer to distinctly different devices as its counterparts like tawriya, jinās or sometimes both. This draws a lot of confusion and raises some inquiries: Does tawriya equate jinās? if not, which one may represent pun in English? and what are the main reasons that have often caused such confusion and mismatching? Therefore, the present paper aims at investigating the rhetorical devices which are similar in their mechanism to the phenomenon of punning in English in an attempt to figure out what represents it in Arabic. It also draws attention to the formal typology of this device in English to illustrate the sense of mismatching which have appeared in previous studies when referring to its counterparts in Arabic.Key words: pun, wordplay, rhetoric, paronomasia, tawriya, jinās.
A reduced fixed dose of Tocilizumab 200 mg compared to 400 mg in patients with severe COVID-19 disease
Authors: COJOCARU Stela , RUSSU Irina , BUTA Galina , BERSAN Sebastian , POTÎNG-RAȘCOV Valentina , CULIUC Natalia , BABA Lilia 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The deregulated excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion have a detrimental impact on the evolution of COVID-19, aggregating the tissue impairment, organ failure, and increasing the risk for death. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of Tocilizumab (TCZ) in reducing hyperimmune response in severe forms of COVID-19.
Materials and methods. This study is a retrospective cohort consisting of a sample of 66 patients hospitalised with COVID-19. The 1-st group consists of 33 patients treated with TCZ 200 mg IV once, and the 2-nd group – of 33 patients treated with TCZ 400 mg IV once.
Results. The average age of the patients included in the study was 58,22±1,38 years. A decision regarding TCZ administration was made on average on the 11,34±0,31 day of the disease, when the beginning of Cytokine Storm was suspected in the patients already on dexamethasone treatment. The dose of TCZ had significance on the duration of patients' disabilities, duration of oxygen therapy, and duration of hospitalization, with better results for TCZ 400 mg vs. TCZ 200 mg. However, we cannot prove that the dose of TCZ influences the percentage of patients transferred to the ICU for invasive or non-invasive ventilation.
Conclusion. The 200 mg fixed dose of TCZ can be a life-saving option for severely ill patients with COVID-19 in the context of IL-6 inhibitor supply shortages.
Key words: COVID-19, Cytokine Storm, Tocilizumab.