bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of nutritional interventions on the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms of women in the menopausal transition and menopause: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression
Authors: Grigolon Ruth B. , Ceolin Gilciane , Deng Yan , Bambokian Alexander , Koning Elena , Fabe Jennifer , Lima Maiara , Gerchman Fernando , Soares Claudio N. , Brietzke Elisa , Gomes Fabiano A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Importance
Depression and anxiety may significantly affect women during the menopausal transition. In addition to traditional treatment strategies such as hormone therapy, antidepressants, and psychotherapy, nutritional interventions have been increasingly studied, but there is no consensus about their role in this patient population.

Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of nutritional interventions on the severity of depressive (DS) and anxiety (AS) symptoms in women during the menopausal transition or menopausal years.

Evidence Review
Electronic search using databases PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase to identify articles indexed until January 31, 2021, focusing on randomized placebo-controlled trials documenting the effect of diet, food supplements, and nutraceuticals on DS and AS.

Findings
Thirty-two studies were included (DS, n = 15; AS, n = 1; DS and AS combined, n = 16). We found two studies that demonstrated data combined with other interventions: one with lifestyle interventions (vitamin D plus lifestyle-based weight-loss program) and another with exercise (omega 3 plus exercise). The pooled effect size favored the intervention group over placebo for both DS and AS (DS: standardized mean difference, −0.35 [95% confidence interval, −0.68 to −0.03; P = 0.0351]; AS: standardized mean difference, −0.74 [95% CI, −1.37 to −0.11; P = 0.0229]). There was significant heterogeneity in the pooled results, which can be attributed to differences in assessment tools for depression and anxiety as well as the variety of nutritional interventions studied. The subgroup analysis showed a statistically significant effect of menopausal status (perimenopausal or menopausal) but not the type or duration of nutritional intervention. Older age was the only significant predictor of the effect size of nutritional interventions in the meta-regression.

Conclusions and Relevance
Nutritional interventions are promising tools for the management of mood/anxiety symptoms in women during the menopausal transition and in postmenopausal years. Because of significant heterogeneity and risk of bias among studies, the actual effect of different approaches is still unclear.
Health Disparities in Patients Seeking Physiological Surgical Treatment for Lymphedema
Authors: Shakir Afaaf , Coalson Elam , Beederman Maureen , Froimson Jill R. , Chang David W. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Previous studies have demonstrated racial disparities in breast cancer treatment and secondary lymphedema. However, no studies have yet examined the effects of race and socioeconomic status on physiological surgical treatment for lymphedema. The authors aimed to evaluate whether disparities exist within patients seeking physiological surgical lymphedema treatment.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed of patients presenting for physiological surgical treatment of lymphedema from 2013 to 2019. Data on demographics, medical history, socioeconomic factors, lymphedema, and treatments were collected.

Results:
A total of 789 patients (712 women and 77 men) seeking physiological surgical treatment of lymphedema were selected. Their mean age was 54.4 ± 13.4 years. A total of 620 patients (78.5%) self-reported as White, 120 (15.2%) as Black, 17 (2.2%) as Asian, five (0.6%) as Hispanic, and eight (2.4%) as multiracial. A total of 566 patients (71.7%) met criteria for surgical candidacy. White race was associated with increased rates of surgical candidacy compared with Black race (46.6% versus 77.2%; P < 0.0001). Compared with White patients, Black patients presented with a longer symptom duration (11.07 versus 6.99 years; P < 0.001), had a higher body mass index (mean, 34.5 versus 28.1; P < 1 × 10–10), had a higher International Society of Lymphology stage (P < 0.05), and were less likely to have maximized medical treatment for lymphedema (30.8% versus 55.4%; P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates racial disparities in patients seeking physiological surgical treatment for lymphedema. Black patients present later with more severe disease, receive less nonsurgical treatment before consultation, and are less likely to meet criteria for physiological surgery. Improved patient and provider education on lymphedema and appropriate diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment is of primary importance to address this disparity.
Congenital Lower Extremity Anomaly Pathology and Reconstruction: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Shah Hemali , Cotofana Sebastian , Lifchez Scott D. , Bialowas Christie 
Published: December 2022

Summary:
With the advent of the subspecialty of orthoplastic surgery, there has been a greater involvement of plastic surgeons in limb reconstruction, congenital anomalies, and salvage procedures. Understanding embryology helps plastic surgeons better understand how to reconstruct lower extremity congenital defects and how development of the lower limb affects what can be done to reconstruct the adult lower limb. There is significant discussion in the literature regarding embryology and development of craniofacial structures and the upper extremity; however, the development of the lower limb remains largely unexplored. This review aims to elucidate the embryologic development of the lower limb, congenital anomalies that may present to the plastic surgeon, and reconstructive options.
The Medial Femoral Condyle Flap: A Novel Versatile Tool for Complex Microvascular Maxillofacial Reconstruction
Authors: Ismail Tarek , Kurlander David E. , Lee Z-Hye , Lunger Alexander , Shuck John W. , Largo Rene D. , Chang Edward I. 
Published: December 2022

Summary:
The medial femoral condyle flap is well-described for reconstruction of small bone defects of the upper and lower extremities. There are limited case reports of its use in other anatomic sites, particularly for reconstruction of complex head and neck defects. In the setting of previous radiation and contaminated fields, vascularized bone is generally preferred to bone grafts, cadaveric allografts, or synthetic implants. The authors present a case series of complex craniofacial defects involving the midface that were reconstructed using medial femoral condyle flaps, focusing on the type of defect and lessons learned from their early experience to promote awareness of this flap among microsurgeons, who may wish to consider the potential of this flap and incorporate its use into their armamentarium.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Evaluation of Disk Potentiation Test (DPT) and Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) for The Detection of Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) in Clinical Isolates of Bangladesh
Authors: Das Sumon Kumar , Sheikh Afzal , Ara Nikhat , Biswas Suma Mita , Chowdhury Abhinandan , Zahra Fatimah Az , Keya Chaman Ara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveIncreasing the emergence of Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) producing gram-negativeEnterobacteriaceaeand their dexterous horizontal transmission of the gene among other strains, demands rapid and accurate detection. This study was conducted to determine a suitable MBL detection method that could promptly identify the distribution of MBL-producing Gram-negative isolates at hospital settings in Bangladesh.MethodsA total of 103 gram-negative bacilli were identified from various clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city. MBL producers were detected by two phenotypic methods; Disk Potentiation Test (DPT) and the Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) based on β-lactam chelator combinations where EDTA/SMA has been used as inhibitor and Imipenem, Ceftazidime as substrates.ResultsAll 103 isolates which were identified asEscherichia coli spp, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, Acinetobacter spp, Proteus spp, Providencia sppwere found to be multidrug-resistant in antibiogram test. All the mentioned isolates showed complete resistance (100%) to Imipenem, Meropenem, and Amoxiclav. The highest carbapenem-resistant etiological agents isolated wereAcinetobacter spp40 (38.8%) followed byPseudomonas spp27 (26.2%),Klebsiella spp26 (25.2%),Escherichia coli8(7.8%),Proteus spp1(1%) andProvidencia spp1(1%). DPT method detected significantly (p=0.000009) higher number of MBL-producers (n=61, 59.2% & n=56, 54.4%) compared to the DDST method (n=43, 41.7%, n=38, 36.9% & n=15, 14.6%).ConclusionThis study depicts that DPT is a more sensitive method than DDST and could be recommended for identifying MBL-producing bacteria in Bangladeshi hospitals for the proper management of patients, and to reduce time constraints as well as treatment costs.
Integrated microbiome and metabolome analysis reveals the interaction between intestinal flora and serum metabolites as potential biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Li Xiaoyue , Gu Xinyu , Li Liqiu , Xiang Liangliang , Jiang Zhaodi , Zhang Yufeng , Li Shujie , Yi Changhua , Li Junwei , Yi Yongxiang 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTGlobally, liver cancer poses a serious threat to human health and quality of life. Despite numerous studies on the microbial composition of the gut in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), little is known about the interactions of the gut microbiota and metabolites and their role in HCC. We examined the composition of the gut microbiota and serum metabolic profiles in 68 patients with HCC, 33 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 34 healthy individuals (NC) using a combination of metagenome sequencing and liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LC‒MS). The composition of the serum metabolites and the structure of the intestinal microbiota were found to be significantly altered in HCC patients compared to non-HCC patients. We used LEfSe and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis to identify two key species (Odoribacter splanchnicusandRuminococcus bicirculans) and five key metabolites (ouabain, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholate, theophylline, and xanthine) associated with HCC, which we then combined to create panels for HCC diagnosis. We discovered that the diagnostic performance of the metabolome was superior to that of the microbiome, and a panel comprised of key species and key metabolites outperformed AFP in terms of diagnostic value. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to determine the relationship between the intestinal flora and serum metabolites and their impact on hepatocarcinogenesis and progression. A random forest model was used to assess the diagnostic performance of the different histologies alone and in combination. The panel we developed was very close to the AUC values of the best omics. In summary, this study describes the characteristics of HCC patients’ intestinal flora and serum metabolism, demonstrates that HCC is caused by the interaction of intestinal flora and serum metabolites, and suggests that two key species and five key metabolites may be potential markers for the diagnosis of HCC.
Joint modeling HIV and HPV using a new hybrid agent-based network and compartmental simulation technique
Authors: Zhao Xinmeng , Gopalappa Chaitra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionPersons living with HIV have a disproportionately higher burden of HPV-related cancers. Causal factors include both behavioral and biological. While pharmaceutical and care support interventions help address biological risk of coinfection, as social conditions are common drivers of behaviors, structural interventions are key part of behavioral interventions. Joint modeling sexually transmitted diseases (STD) can help evaluate optimal intervention combinations for overall disease prevention. While compartmental modeling is sufficient for faster spreading HPV, network modeling is suitable for slower spreading HIV. However, using network modeling for jointly modeling HIV and HPV can generate computational complexities given their vastly varying disease epidemiology and disease burden across sub-population groups.MethodsWe applied a recently developed mixed agent-based compartmental (MAC) simulation technique, which simulates persons with at least one slower spreading disease and their immediate contacts as agents in a network, and all other persons including those with faster spreading diseases in a compartmental model, with an evolving contact network algorithm maintaining the dynamics between the two models. We simulated HIV and HPV in the U.S. among heterosexual female, heterosexual male, and men who have sex with men (men only and men and women) (MSM), sub-populations that mix but have varying HIV burden, and cervical cancer among women. We conducted numerical analyses to evaluate the contribution of behavioral and biological factors to risk of cervical cancer among women with HIV.ResultsThe model outputs for HIV, HPV, and cervical cancer compared well with surveillance estimates. Behavioral factors significantly contributed to risk of HIV-HPV co-infection, and biological factors further exacerbated cancer burden among persons with HIV, with the fraction attributed to each factor sensitive to disease burden.ConclusionsThis work serves as proof-of-concept of the MAC simulation technique for joint modeling related diseases with varying epidemiology in sub-populations with varying disease burden. Future work can expand the model to simulate sexual and care behaviors as functions of social conditions, and further, jointly evaluate behavioral, structural, and pharmaceutical interventions for overall STD prevention.
Study COVID-19 Severity of Patients Admitted to Emergency Room (ER) with Chest X-ray Images
Authors: Stubblefield Jonathan , Saldivar Christopher , De Feria Anna , Riddle James , Shivkumar Abhijit , Causey Jason , Qualls Jake , Fowler Jennifer , Huang Xiuzhen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe have conducted a study of the COVID-19 severity with the chest x-ray images, a private dataset collected from our collaborator St Bernards Medical Center. The dataset is comprised of chest x-ray images from 1,550 patients who were admitted to emergency room (ER) and were all tested positive for COVID-19. Our study is focused on the following two questions: (1) To predict patients hospital staying duration, based on the chest x-ray image which was taken when the patient was admitted to the ER. The length of stay ranged from zero hours to 95 days in the hospital and followed a power law distribution. Based on our testing results, it is hard for the prediction models to detect strong signal from the chest x-ray images. No model was able to perform better than a trivial most-frequent classifier. However, each model was able to outperform the most-frequent classifier when the data was split evenly into four categories. This would suggest that there is signal in the images, and the performance may be further improved by the addition of clinical features as well as increasing the training set. (2) To predict if a patient is COVID-19 positive or not with the chest x-ray image. We also tested the generalizability of training a prediction model on chest x-ray images from one hospital and then testing the model on images captures from other sites. With our private dataset and the COVIDx dataset, the prediction model can achieve a high accuracy of 95.9%. However, for our hold-one-out study of the generalizability of the models trained on chest x-rays, we found that the model performance suffers due to a significant reduction in training samples of any class.
Incidence Rate of Post Coronary Artery Shunt Complications; Age Dependent!
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah , Vanichkina Ekaterina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral complications reported after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), such as postoperative arrythmia and postoperative stroke.AimsThe study aimed to assess the role of age advancement in the incidence rate of post coronary artery shunt complications.ObjectivesAging is a pathophysiological process that experience every living cell and starts from the early period of development, before even born.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis of 290 patients who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft at Mordovia republic hospital for the period 2017-2021. The sample was subdivided into two groups, the first group 126 patients (mean age: min; max, 55.21:41.00;60.00) and the second group 163 (M age: min; max, 66.11: 61.00; 80.00). For statistical analysis, we used the T test, the one-way ANOVA test, ROC analysis, and the Pearson correlation test using the Statistica 12 programme.ResultsPost-CABG arrythmia developed in elderly patients, p<0.012528. Subsequently, after CABG arrythmia, the ICU and total hospitalisation days, p< 0.000000; p< 0.000072, respectively. Elderly people are at higher risk of psychosis after CABG surgery, p <0.007379. psychosis significantly increases hospitalisation days in the ICU, p < 0.000140. Postoperative stroke occurs more frequently in elderly people, p < 0.037736. Subsequently, postoperative stroke increases the ICU hospitalization days, p <0.000747. The number of ITAs used is less in the elderly, p < 0.016145. In terms of correlation, exist a direct association between age and ICU / total hospitalization days/number of complications, r= 0.189046, 0.141415, 0.138565; respectively.ConclusionsThe number of complications is determined by age, CPB time, aortic cross-clamp time, the days of hospitalisation in the ICU and the total days of hospitalisation. Elderly people undergoing CABG are at higher risk of psychosis, arrythmia, longer total and ICU hospitalization days, and stroke.OthersTotal hospitalization days depend on the presence of arrythmia, which is commonly seen in elderly patients > 63 years old.Graphical abstractGraphical abstract:With age, the number of shunts increases in the first group <60 years old.
Assessment of venous thromboembolism risk and use of anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis in CHUK, Rwanda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abimana Emile , Ntabanganyimana Etienne , Ndahimana Raphael , Osee Sebatunzi R , Masaisa Florence 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is common and preventable disease among non-surgical hospitalized patients. Its incidence is high and alarming. Acute medical patients have VTE risk during and after hospitalization. Padua prediction score is a risk model created to identify high VTE risk patients among non-surgical hospitalized patients.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional survey of 107 patients admitted in Internal Medicine wards that were assessed as acute ill patients at Emergency Department, in a period of 4 weeks. The demographic and clinical data were collected using a designed questionnaire. VTE risk was defined as having a Padua Prediction score of ≥4 points. Statistical analysis was done to determine prevalence. The patients at high VTE risk received thromboprophylaxis.ResultsOf one hundred and seven eligible patients included. 84% were found with high VTE risk. Among physiologically unstable patients, 60% of the patients were classified in red color during the time of triage, this means, they were severely sick and needing resuscitation. Among leading diagnosis, severe pneumonia was predominant (29%). Severe pneumonia and uncontrolled DM showed significant association with high VTE risk. 11.1% of high VTE risk patients were taking anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis prior to the recruitment.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a high prevalence of VTE risk among acute ill medical patients and underuse of anticoagulants thromboprophylaxis in potential patients at Kigali University Teaching Hospital, CHUK. Padua prediction score should be implemented for early detection of patients at-risk of VTE in severely ill patients and start anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis on time for reducing mortality and morbidity.
Epithelia delimits glial apical polarity against mechanical shear to maintain glia-neuron - architecture
Authors: Martin Cecilia G. , Bent James S. , Singhvi Aakanksha 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTFor an organ to maintain proper architecture and function, its different component cell-types must coordinate their cell-shapes with each other through life. While cell-intrinsic developmental mechanisms driving homotypic cell-cell coordination are known, how heterotypic cells collectively regulate cell-shape is less-clear. We report that, in a sense-organ, epithelial cells delimit and maintain polarity domains of contacting glia, and thereby, associated neuron shapes throughout life. Briefly, Hsp co-chaperone UNC-23/BAG2 keeps epithelial apical domains from deforming with animal movement. Epithelial apical domains stretch aberrantly and progressively in adultunc-23mutant animals, which in an FGFR-dependent manner, dislocates glial apical cytoskeleton proteins SMA-1/βH-Spectrin and actin. This alters glial apical polarity and cell shape, and concomitantly, associated neuron-ending shape. Notably, UNC-23 acts temporally at a developmental critical period to maintain glia-neuron shape in adults, and spatially within a defined anatomical zone. Lastly, intervention in either epithelia, glia or neuron ameliorate or phenocopyunc-23neural defects. Epi/endothelia resist mechanical stress and contact glia-neuron units across central/peripheral nervous systems and species, and all components of the identified molecular pathway are conserved and disease-relevant. Thus, we posit that analogous epithelia-glia mechanobiological coupling may broadly regulate glia-neuron shapes through animal life.
Context-dependence of T-loop mediated long-range RNA tertiary interactions
Authors: Hansen Lisa N. , Kletzien Otto A. , Urquijo Marcus , Schwanz Logan T. , Batey Robert T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe architecture and folding of complex RNAs is governed by a limited set of highly recurrent structural motifs that form long-range tertiary interactions. One of these motifs is the T-loop, which was first identified in tRNA but is broadly distributed across biological RNAs. While the T-loop has been examined in detail in different biological contexts, the various receptors that it interacts with are not as well defined. In this study, we use a cell-based genetic screen in concert with bioinformatic analysis to examine three different, but related, T-loop receptor motifs found in the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and cobalamin (Cbl) riboswitches. As a host for different T-loop receptors, we employed theenv8 class-II Cbl riboswitch, an RNA that uses two T-loop motifs for both folding and supporting the ligand binding pocket. A set of libraries was created in which select nucleotides that participate in the T-loop/T-loop receptor (TL/TLR) interaction were fully randomized. Library members were screened for their ability to support Cbl-dependent expression of a reporter gene. While T-loops appear to be variable in sequence, we find that the functional sequence space is more restricted in the Cbl riboswitch, suggesting that TL/TLR interactions are context dependent. Our data reveal clear sequence signatures for the different types of receptor motifs that align with phylogenic analysis of these motifs in the FMN and Cbl riboswitches. Finally, our data suggest the functional contribution of various nucleobase-mediated long-range interactions within the riboswitch subclass of TL/TLR interactions that are distinct from those found in other RNAs.HighlightsThe T-loop motif frequently mediates tertiary interactions in RNAActivity-based screen used to explore T-loop mediate interactions in riboswitchesResults from the screen were consistent with phylogenetic analysisT-loop/T-loop recepto­­­­r interactions are context dependent