bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infection with male and female Trichuris trichiura diagnosed in a non‐endemic area
Authors: Inoue Masaki , Ishikawa Marin , Tanaka Sho , Zhang Xinhan , Okada Hiromi , Miyagishima Takuto 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageTrichuris trichiura parasitizes only humans through fecal‐oral transmission. In non‐endemic areas, the frequency of endoscopic identification has been increasing due to the increasing number of immigrants from endemic countries. To prevent infection, it is important to pay attention to sanitary conditions such as soil and water sources.
Middle‐term natural course after acute pancreatitis associated with pancreas divisum
Authors: Kakiuchi Toshihiko , Yoshiura Masato , Furukawa Rie , Oka Masafumi 
Published: April 2023

Key Clinical MessageInvasive treatment might be taken into consideration at the time of initial acute pancreatitis in patients with pancreas divisum who do not complain of abdominal pain to prevent progression to chronic pancreatitis.
Structural Interconversion Based on Intramolecular Boroxine Formation
Authors: Ono Kosuke , Sawanaga Keisuke , Onodera Satoru , Kawai Hidetoshi , Goto Kei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel structural interconversion unit based on intramolecular boroxine formation has been developed. A macrocyclic triboronic acid consisting of three phenylboronic acid units linked by covalent linkers preferentially underwent intramolecular rather than intermolecular boroxine formation, resulting in a quantitative formation of tricyclic boroxine. This structural transformation was accompanied by changes in the polarity, flexibility, and size of the molecule. Dynamic interconversion between the macrocyclic triboronic acid and the tricyclic boroxine was achieved by simple heating/cooling, whereas no boroxine formation occurred upon heating when three boronic acid units were not connected by linkers. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the entropic advantage of the intramolecular boroxine formation process resulted in these unique features. The entropically stabilized tricyclic boroxine also shows high stability with respect to hydrolysis.
Vitamin D supplementation increases objective response rate and prolongs progression‐free time in patients with advanced melanoma undergoing anti–PD‐1 therapy
Authors: Galus Łukasz , Michalak Michał , Lorenz Mateusz , Stoińska‐Swiniarek Renata , Tusień Małecka Daria , Galus Agnieszka , Kolenda Tomasz , Leporowska Ewa , Mackiewicz Jacek 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundVitamin D3 is a prohormone with pleiotropic effects, including modulating the functions of the immune system and may affect the effectiveness of anti–PD‐1 treatment in patients with cancer. According to the literature, the potential mechanism of vitamin D's influence on the effectiveness of therapy is most likely related to the amount and activity of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes. There are data showing the effect of vitamin D on cells regulating the activity of CD8 lymphocytes.MethodsA total of 200 patients with advanced melanoma were included in the study. All patients received anti–PD‐1 immunotherapy (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) as first‐line treatment. Serum vitamin D levels were measured in patients both before and every 12 weeks during treatment. Part of the group had vitamin D measured retrospectively from the preserved serum. The other part of the supplementation group was tested prospectively.ResultsThe response rate in the group with low vitamin D levels and not supplemented was 36.2%, whereas in the group with normal baseline levels or a normal level obtained with supplementation was 56.0% (p = .01). Moreover, progression‐free survival in these groups was 5.75 and 11.25 months, respectively (p = .03). In terms of overall survival, there was also a difference in favor of the group with normal vitamin D levels (27 vs. 31.5 months, respectively; p = .39).ConclusionsIn our opinion, maintaining the vitamin D level within the normal range during anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy in advanced melanoma patients should be a standard procedure allowing the improvement of treatment outcomes.
Bismuth‐Based Oxide Photocatalysts for Selective Oxidation Transformations of Organic Compounds
Authors: Boochakiat Sadanan , Inceesungvorn Burapat , Nattestad Andrew , Chen Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelective oxidation of organic compounds is incredibly important in the production of a broad range of important chemicals. As such, these reactions attract a great deal of research attention, particularly where conventional synthesis uses harsh and corrosive reaction conditions. To decrease energy consumption, improve yields and mitigate environmental impacts, heterogeneous photocatalysis has emerged as a green and facile method, where its attractiveness is due to promises of providing low toxicity and low‐cost routes, driven by renewable energy. Among various semiconductor photocatalysts, bismuth‐based oxides are particularly promising candidates due to their high chemical and thermal stability, environmental friendliness, and good visible light responses. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of bismuth‐based oxide photocatalysts as employed in selective organic synthesis, including reaction mechanisms, with a particular focus on the reactive oxygen species involved. In addition, detailed information on the bismuth‐based oxide materials used as photocatalysts is covered. This includes crystal and electronic structures, strategies for improving photocatalytic performance, and a comparison of photocatalytic performances for key organic reactions. Furthermore, prospects and challenges of bismuth‐based oxide photocatalysts in selective organic synthesis are discussed, to aid future developments of efficient photocatalytic materials.
Metallic Heterostructures for Plasmon‐Enhanced Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wu Fengxia , Xia Shiyu , Wei Jinping , Gao Wenping , Li Fenghua , Niu Wenxin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetallic heterogeneous nanostructures with plasmonic functionality have attracted great attention in the field of plasmon‐enhanced electrocatalysis, where surface plasmons produced under light excitation could facilitate the overall electrocatalytic performances. Owing to their controllability, multifunctionality, and complexity, heterogeneous metallic nanostructures take advantages of the properties from individual components and synergistic effects from adjacent components, thus may achieve remarkable electrocatalytic performances. This review highlights the state‐of‐the‐art progress of the application of metallic heterostructures for plasmon‐enhanced electrocatalysis. First, a brief introduction to plasmonic heterogeneous nanostructures is demonstrated. Then, fundamental principles of localized surface plasmon resonance and the underlying mechanisms of plasmonic heterogeneous nanostructures in catalysis are discussed. This is followed by a discussion of recent advances of plasmonic heterogeneous nanostructures in plasmon‐enhanced electrocatalysis, in which the enhanced activity, selectivity, and stability are particularly emphasized. Finally, an outlook of remaining challenges and future opportunities for plasmonic heterogeneous nanomaterials and plasmon‐related electrocatalysis is presented.
Chlorocholine Perchlorate is an Organic Ferroelectric with Two‐Step Ladder‐like Dielectric, Second Harmonic Generation Effects, and Ferroelectricity
Authors: Li Duo‐Fu , Wu Yao‐Zhen , He Xiao‐Li , Deng Xiang‐Hong , Chen Jing , Fu Jia , Sui Yan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe organic salt chlorocholine perchlorate [ClCH2CH2N(CH3)3⋅ClO4] (CCP) is found to be a molecular ferroelectric with a high theoretical spontaneous polarization (Ps) value up to 17.09 μC cm−2. CCP exhibits two successive order‐disorder phase transition at 332 and 365 K with space groups changing from Cc to Cmc21 and then P63/mmc, accompanied by unusual two‐step ladder‐like dielectric, SHG signal with obvious “on/off” contrasts. These findingings provides a further instance of exploring successive thermal‐stimuli multi‐responsive switching materials applied as switches and sensors.
Can corporate social responsibility enhance corporate competitiveness? An empirical analysis based on listed companies in China's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry
Authors: Huang Qianqian , Wan Anxia , Elahi Ehsan , Peng Benhong , Li Jiao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe current study explores the influence mechanism of corporate social responsibility on corporate competitiveness. From 2011 to 2020, a research sample was collected from 108 A‐share pharmaceutical manufacturing companies listed on Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. Findings depict that the pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises significantly improved competitiveness by fulfilling social responsibility. Good internal control showed a mediating effect on the influence of corporate social responsibility. Moreover, a perfect equity incentive reflects the moderating effect in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and enterprise competitiveness. The study not only provides an empirical test for the relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate competitiveness but also analyzes the transmission mechanism between internal control and executive equity incentive variables. The study findings stress monitoring stakeholders and improving the enterprise's internal control system. Moreover, it is necessary to establish a reasonable and effective executive equity incentive mechanism.
Anodic Respiration of Vibrio natriegens in a Bioelectrochemical System
Authors: Gemünde André , Gail Jonas , Holtmann Dirk 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVibrio natriegens promises to be a new standard biotechnological working organism since it grows extraordinarily fast, its productivity surpasses E. coli by far, and genomic tools are getting readily available. Recent studies provided insights into its extracellular electron transfer pathway, revealing it to be similar to other well‐known electroactive organisms. Therefore, we aimed to show for the first time that V. natriegens donates electrons from its metabolism to an electrode by direct contact as well as via an artificial redox mediator. Our results demonstrate current densities up to 196 μA cm−2 using an artificial mediator. Via direct electron transfer, 6.6 μA cm−2 were achieved within the first 24 h of cultivation. In the mediated system, mainly formate, acetate, and succinate were produced from glucose. These findings favor V. natriegens over established electroactive organisms due to its superior electron‐transfer capabilities combined with an outstanding metabolism.
Ccdc25 regulates neurogenesis during the brain development
Authors: Wang Chong , Qin Jie , Jiao Jianwei , Ji Fen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring brain development, the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) are precisely regulated. Defects in embryonic brain development can lead to serious developmental disorders. The cerebral cortex is the most evolved and complicated structure in the mammalian brain. The process of neuronal production, also known as neurogenesis, plays crucial roles in cerebral development and can affect the function of the neocortex. Ccdc25 is a newly discovered molecule. It has been proved that it can play an important role in tumor. However, its function in neural systems is unclear. In this study, we find that in early embryonic development, Ccdc25 can express in the brain. Suppression of the Ccdc25 mediated by shRNAs causes the increase of the Ki67‐ or BrdU‐positive NSCs proliferation and inhibits the premature terminal mitosis and neuronal differentiation. Simultaneously, overexpression of Ccdc2525 inhibits the proliferation and promotes the differentiation of NSCs. Knockdown of Ccdc25 also affects neuronal maturation, the number of branches of neurons cultured in vitro decreased, and the number of axons became shorter. We also examined the expression profile of NSCs when Ccdc25 was knocked down by RNA sequencing technique. We found that Ccdc25 regulates the development of NSCs through Egr1. Egr1 knockdown can result in a phenotype similar to Ccdc25, while the overexpression of Egr1 can also rescue the phenotype of Ccdc25 knockdown. In conclusion, Ccdc25 can affect the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs and the maturation of neuron.
Baseline symptomatology and treatment outcomes of young adults in a virtual versus in‐person partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient program for eating disorders
Authors: Ortiz Anna Marie L. , Cusack Claire E. , Billman Marley G. , Essayli Jamal H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in a shift from traditional, in‐person treatment to virtual treatment for eating disorders (EDs), with little knowledge about the relative efficacy of virtual formats.MethodIn the current study, we examined baseline symptomatology and treatment outcomes of young adults in our virtual partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient program (PHP/IOP) for EDs, implemented shortly after the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We investigated outcomes on body mass index, ED symptoms, anxiety, ED‐related clinical impairment, and emotion regulation.ResultsWe found significant differences in ED symptomatology, ED‐related clinical impairment, and difficulties with emotion regulation at admission between participants in the virtual and in‐person versions of our PHP/IOP. Despite these differences, the results demonstrated that the degree of change from admission to discharge on these measures was comparable for both conditions.DiscussionThese findings suggest that PHPs and IOPs are relatively effective in a virtual format. Providing effective virtual options across various levels of care will improve access to specialized treatment for EDs.Public Significance(i) Participants in the virtual program reported less severe symptomatology at baseline, (ii) Participants in the virtual and in‐person programs experienced similar improvements, (iii) Virtual programs may be an effective option for young adults with eating disorders.
Transplantation of hearts from SARS‐CoV‐2 positive donors
Authors: Akhyari Payam , Immohr Moritz Benjamin , Bönner Florian , Reinecke Petra , Lichtenberg Artur , Boeken Udo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 remains high in the population. Consequently, an increasing percentage of reported organ donors are also SARS‐CoV‐2 positive. Although donors may not have experienced COVID‐19‐related symptoms, there is a chance of unnoticed cardiovascular effects associated with this disease. Therefore, SARS‐CoV‐2 donor grafts have been regularly rejected for heart transplantation (HTx) for a long time. We hereby present three consecutive patients receiving grafts from SARS‐CoV‐2 positive donors (defined by the PCR cycle threshold value < 30). All patients underwent HTx after a previous triple mRNA vaccination (mRNA‐BNT162b2 vaccine, Comirnaty) without adverse events and with a regular post‐operative course. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance and endomyocardial biopsies confirmed excellent graft function without signs of rejection or viral myocarditis. After a mean follow‐up of 135 days after HTx, all patients were in good conditions without heart failure, viral myocarditis, or SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Thus, we conclude that HTx with SARS‐CoV‐2 positive donors seems safe and feasible.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective peri‐ and ortho‐Halogenation of 1‐Naphthaldehydes: Application to the Synthesis of Polycyclic Natural Product Skeletons
Authors: Amistadi‐Revol Hugo , Garrec Julian , Casaretto Nicolas , Prévost Sébastien 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, a regioselective bromination or chlorination reaction of 1‐naphthaldehydes is described. Without additive, the palladium‐catalyzed C−H halogenation showed a C8‐regioselectivity, whereas the formation of an aromatic imine intermediate allowed a switch to a C2‐reactivity. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations were performed to explain the regioselectivity and the synthesized halogenated products were used as key building blocks to access polycyclic natural product skeletons.
Investigation of the regeneration of the passive surface oxide layer of TiAl6V4 alloy printed by WAAM technology using different electrochemical test methods
Authors: Meiszterics Zoltán , Kiss András , Nagy Lívia , Zsebe Tamás , Vasvári Gyula F. , Csonka Dávid C. , Nagy Géza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe kinetics of oxide layer formation on surface of Ti6Al4V alloy samples is a very important property especially if their application as medical implants is planned. Damaged protective surface layer usually heals in ambient condition however; during the self‐healing process toxic species can get into the surrounding living tissue. In our experiment the kinetics of the healing process proceeding at 3D printed alloy surface has been studied using electrochemical methods, among them scanning electrochemical microscopy. More than 40 min. time period was found long enough for total healing.
Frequency independent damped outrigger systems for multi‐mode seismic control of super tall buildings with frequency independent negative stiffness enhancement
Authors: Wang Meng , Sun Fei‐Fei , Koetaka Yuji , Chen Lin , Nagarajaiah Satish , Du Xiu‐Li 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDamped outrigger system is effective for improving energy dissipation for tall buildings. However, conventional damped outrigger (CDO) system with viscous damping has two limitations: (i) its maximum damping ratio cannot be improved when outrigger/column stiffness is inadequate; (ii) different modes achieve their maximum damping ratios at different outrigger damping values, and thus the dampers cannot be optimized to simultaneously reduce vibrations of multiple modes of concern to their minimum. In this paper, a purely frequency‐independent negative stiffness damped outrigger (FI‐NSDO) system is proposed by combining frequency‐independent damper (FID) and negative stiffness device (NSD). The damped outrigger with FID can achieve the maximum damping ratio for all modes as compared to frequency‐dependent damper like viscous damper. As the NSD has the features of assisting and enhancing motion and frequency‐independence, the utilization of NSD will considerably improve the maximum damping ratios when outrigger/column stiffness is inadequate and maintain the frequency‐independent feature of the whole system. Therefore, the FI‐NSDO has the capability of simultaneously increasing the damping ratios of all target modes to their maximum values. Analysis in frequency domain and time domain, demonstrate that the proposed FI‐NSDO performs better in controlling the multi‐mode vibration of seismic responses.
Cruzan after Dobbs: What Remains of the Constitutional Right to Refuse Treatment?
Authors: Dresser Rebecca 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court removed constitutional protection from the individual's right to end a pregnancy. In Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, the Court invalidated previous rulings protecting that right as part of the individual liberty and privacy interests embedded in the U.S. Constitution. Now, many observers are speculating about the fate of other rights founded on those interests. The Dobbs ruling conflicts with the Court's 1990 Cruzan decision restricting the government's power to interfere with personal medical choices. The language and reasoning in Dobbs and Cruzan offer guidance on how the Court might address future cases involving the right to refuse life‐sustaining treatment. The decisions also point to policy strategies for preserving that right.
The non‐specific effects of maternal immunization on birth outcomes: The evidence, mechanisms, and the implications
Authors: Giles Michelle L. , Gunatilaka Ahinsa , Cole Stephen , Kollmann Tobias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPreterm birth (PTB) and stillbirth remain two of the most important causes of death, morbidity, and disability in childhood. Despite efforts to reduce PTB and stillbirth worldwide, rates of these adverse outcomes remain persistently elevated, independent of income setting. There is an urgent need for more effective interventions to reduce associated neonatal and early childhood morbidity and mortality. Maternal vaccines are a well‐established strategy used for prevention of pathogen‐specific disease in mothers and infants through transplacental antibody transfer. Beyond these pathogen‐specific benefits, some studies have also identified non‐specific effects (NSEs) of maternal vaccination protecting against several adverse birth outcomes, including PTB and stillbirth. This paper will review the evidence supporting the NSEs of maternal vaccination on birth outcomes, describe the possible underlying mechanisms, outline the research gaps, and summarize the significance from a global health perspective.
Heavy tailed but not Zipf: Firm and establishment size in the United States
Authors: Kondo Illenin O. , Lewis Logan T. , Stella Andrea 
Published: April 2023

SummaryHeavy tails play an important role in modern macroeconomics and international economics. Previous work often assumes a Pareto distribution for firm size, typically with a shape parameter approaching Zipf's law. This convenient approximation has dramatic consequences for the importance of large firms in the economy. But we show that a lognormal distribution, or better yet, a convolution of a lognormal and a non‐Zipf Pareto distribution, provides a better description of the US economy, using confidential Census Bureau data. These findings hold even far in the upper tail and suggest that heterogeneous firm models should more systematically explore deviations from Zipf's law.
In silico prediction of hERG blockers using machine learning and deep learning approaches
Authors: Chen Yuanting , Yu Xinxin , Li Weihua , Tang Yun , Liu Guixia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe human ether‐à‐go‐go‐related gene (hERG) is associated with drug cardiotoxicity. If the hERG channel is blocked, it will lead to prolonged QT interval and cause sudden death in severe cases. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the hERG‐blocking property of compounds in early drug discovery. In this study, a dataset containing 4556 compounds with IC50 values determined by patch clamp techniques on mammalian lineage cells was collected, and hERG blockers and non‐blockers were distinguished according to three single thresholds and two binary thresholds. Four machine learning (ML) algorithms combining four molecular fingerprints and molecular descriptors as well as graph convolutional neural networks (GCNs) were used to construct a series of binary classification models. The results showed that the best models varied for different thresholds. The ML models implemented by support vector machine and random forest performed well based on Morgan fingerprints and molecular descriptors, with AUCs ranging from 0.884 to 0.950. GCN showed superior prediction performance with AUCs above 0.952, which might be related to its direct extraction of molecular features from the original input. Meanwhile, the classification of binary threshold was better than that of single threshold, which could provide us with a more accurate prediction of hERG blockers. At last, the applicability domain for the model was defined, and seven structural alerts that might generate hERG blockage were identified by information gain and substructure frequency analysis. Our work would be beneficial for identifying hERG blockers in chemicals.