bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeling insecure and excluding immigrants: Relationship between subjective risks and welfare chauvinism
Authors: Duman Anil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe argue that subjective insecurity plays an important role in explaining welfare chauvinism, which is defined as the restriction of immigrants' access to social benefits and public services. Additionally, macroeconomic performance and welfare regime are closely related to opinions about the social rights of migrant groups. We test these propositions, using a multilevel ordered logit model using the 8th wave of ESS. It is found that subjective unemployment and income risks are not overlapping with objective measures, and self‐assessed insecurity has a strong and positive effect on welfare chauvinism. Moreover, we demonstrate that, even for the most socio‐economically advantaged respondents, subjective risk increases the likelihood of chauvinistic welfare attitudes. At the macro level, higher rates of GDP per capita growth decrease welfare chauvinism, and Central and Eastern European welfare regime increases the likelihood of exclusionary attitudes in relative terms. The results are robust across different estimation techniques and inclusion of alternative contextual factors.
Relevance of Strategically Planned Engineering Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Nay ZarAung  , Aye Myint  
Published: May 2023

Every nation is paying attention to and strategically improving SDG-4 (Quality Education) itself and using it as a tool for fulfilling other related SDGs. Today, engineering education plays a vital role in implementing a significant portion of SDGs and thus strategic plan for engineering education also becomes important. Although many of existing works have focused on how to implement SDGs through education, there are very few works which study on the relevance of educational strategic plan for SDGs.
The objectives of this paper are to review how higher education, which includes engineering education, is strategically planned in a National Education Strategic Plan and to analyse which strategies support other SDGs in addition to SDG-4. As a case study, the review is conducted for Myanmar NESP (2016-2021). By means of questionnaires, a total of 240 institute/university heads of departments/deans, teachers/lecturers and students from fifteen different universities are surveyed to explore relevance of NESP for other SDGs in addition to SDG-4.
First, according to intuitive analysis, it finds that Myanmar NESP strategies for higher education support SDG-6, SDG-7, SDG-8, SDG-9, SDG-13, SDG-14, SDG-15 and SDG-17 in addition to SDG-4. It is agreed and verified by survey results. The survey results show that in addition to SDG-4, NESP can support SDG-9 in second place, SDG-11 in third place, SDG-6 in fourth place, SDG-7 and SDG-17 in fifth place. More than 95% agree to strategically include the concept of sustainable development in university curriculum. A total of six potential recommendations are made to be considered in developing a NESP in the future. These are (1) to have policy/strategy for inclusion of SD concept as an elementary course in universities, (2) to increase policy/strategy for promoting STI through research, (3) to have policy/strategy for promoting “Education for SD” in teacher education, (4) to increase policy/strategy to promote SD through campus operation, (5) to have policy/strategy for promoting technological entrepreneur (techno-preneur) (6) to have policy/strategy for initiating graduate programs in “Sustainable Development” in universities.
Metamorphism of the Uni Suite as an Indicator of Early Precambrian Collisional Processes in the Vyatka Belt, Northeast of Volgo–Uralia
Authors: Pilitsyna T. A. , Erofeeva K. G. , Samsonov A. V. , Postnikov A. V. , Varlamov D. A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
According to the core data from two deep holes, the following mineral assemblages were identified in metapelitic rocks of the Uni Suite in the central part of the Vyatka Belt, sandwiched between Archean blocks in the northeastern part of the Volgo–Uralian Segment of the East European Craton: (1) Pl + Ms + Bt + Qz + Kfs + And ± Chl and (2) Pl + Bt + Qz + Kfs + Grt + Sil ± Ms ± Chl. A set of methods including classical (Grt–Bt, GASP, Ti-in-Bt, and Ms–Bt) and multi-equilibrium thermobarometry (winTWQ 2.34), as well as the isopleth intersection method on pseudosection diagrams (GeoPS 3.2.2.128), was applied to estimate the P–T conditions for these assemblages. The calculated P–T parameters of metamorphism are 520–650°C (or up to 690°C, according to the isopleth method) and 2–5.4 kbar. Metamorphism of paragneiss containing assemblage (2) was accompanied by anatexis in the water-saturated system. Metamorphism of rocks of the Uni Suite belongs to the relatively shallow type of the andalusite–sillimanite facies series and amphibolite facies and relates to deformations during orogenes.
The Series of Catastrophic Earthquakes of February 6, 2023, in Turkey and Variations in the Geophysical Fields
Authors: Adushkin V. V. , Spivak A. A. , Rybnov Yu. S. , Tikhonova A. V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
An analysis of variations in the microbaric background and the terrestrial magnetic and electric fields in the surface layer of the atmosphere accompanying strong earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, in Turkey, is presented. The analysis involved the results of instrumental observations performed at the Moscow Center for Geophysical Monitoring and the Mikhnevo Observatory (Institute of Geospheric Dynamics, Russian Academy of Sciences), as well as the data obtained by a number of magnetic observatories of the INTERMAGNET network. It is shown that, in addition to the seismic effect, these earthquakes were accompanied by variations in the magnetic and electric fields, as well as by the generation of infrasonic waves recorded at a considerable distance from the sources.
Sulfur Isotope Sources of Sulfides of Neoarchean Iron Deposits of the Kostomuksha Greenstone Belt of Karelia, Russia
Authors: Vysotskiy S. V. , Khanchuk A. I. , Velivetskaya T. A. , Ignatiev A. V. , Aseeva A. V. , Nesterova N. S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The first data on the multi-isotopic S composition of sulfides of the Neoarchean banded iron formations (BIFs) of the Kostomuksha greenstone belt of Karelia (Karelian Craton of the Fennoscandian Shield) formed 2760–2740 Ma ago are presented in this paper. Pyrite associated with fine-grained magnetite has negative δ34S (to –7.8‰) and positive Δ33S (to +0.7‰) values. Pyrrhotite from stringer-disseminated ores associated with schists exhibits negative values of both δ34S (to –6‰) and Δ33S (to –0.46‰). Our data provide grounds to suggest that the BIF sulfides sourced photolitic elementary sulfur from the atmosphere, sulfate from seawater, and sulfur from magma. The S isotope ratios of sulfides reflect the interaction between abiotic (atmospheric, hydrothermal) and biotic (microbial dissimilation reduction) processes during the formation of iron deposits of the Kostomuksha greenstone belt of Karelia.
“Pharaonic Egypt: a Singular Pathway to Statehood in the Early Bronze Age”
Authors: Moreno García Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Situated at the crossroads between Northeast Africa, the Mediterranean, the Near East and the Indian Ocean, ancient Egypt was a strategic pathway that facilitated contacts and the circulation of peoples, products and ideas across these vast regions. Sometimes the monarchy took the initiative in these contacts, whereas in other cases, mobile populations, local leaders, itinerant merchants and independent individuals fulfilled such a role. Egyptian regions participated in these exchanges in distinctive ways. Hence, control over wealth flows, access to coveted goods, contacts with privileged trading partners and attracting royal support represented significant moves in their strategies. A constant tension between different political models (centralized, confederacies of cities and territories, regional kingdoms) reemerged through the millennia. This often led to the collapse of the central authority (as it happened around 2160 bc) and was inspired, at least in part, by the political impact of trading activities.
ERStruct: a fast Python package for inferring the number of top principal components from whole genome sequencing data
Authors: Yang Jinghan , Xu Yuyang , Yao Minhao , Wang Gao , Liu Zhonghua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Large-scale multi-ethnic DNA sequencing data is increasingly available owing to decreasing cost of modern sequencing technologies. Inference of the population structure with such sequencing data is fundamentally important. However, the ultra-dimensionality and complicated linkage disequilibrium patterns across the whole genome make it challenging to infer population structure using traditional principal component analysis based methods and software.

Results
We present the ERStruct Python Package, which enables the inference of population structure using whole-genome sequencing data. By leveraging parallel computing and GPU acceleration, our package achieves significant improvements in the speed of matrix operations for large-scale data. Additionally, our package features adaptive data splitting capabilities to facilitate computation on GPUs with limited memory.

Conclusion
Our Python package ERStruct is an efficient and user-friendly tool for estimating the number of top informative principal components that capture population structure from whole genome sequencing data.
Machine learning models for prediction of invasion Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome in diabetes mellitus: a singled centered retrospective study
Authors: Feng Chengyi , Di Jia , Jiang Shufang , Li Xuemei , Hua Fei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning algorithm-based model for predicting invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome(IKPLAS) in diabetes mellitus and compare the performance of different models.

Methods
The clinical signs and data on the admission of 213 diabetic patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses were collected as variables. The optimal feature variables were screened out, and then Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, and XGBoost models were established. Finally, the model's prediction performance was evaluated by the ROC curve, sensitivity (recall), specificity, accuracy, precision, F1-score, Average Precision, calibration curve, and DCA curve.

Results
Four features of hemoglobin, platelet, D-dimer, and SOFA score were screened by the recursive elimination method, and seven prediction models were established based on these variables. The AUC (0.969), F1-Score(0.737), Sensitivity(0.875) and AP(0.890) of the SVM model were the highest among the seven models. The KNN model showed the highest specificity (1.000). Except that the XGB and DT models over-estimates the occurrence of IKPLAS risk, the other models' calibration curves are a good fit with the actual observed results. Decision Curve Analysis showed that when the risk threshold was between 0.4 and 0.8, the net rate of intervention of the SVM model was significantly higher than that of other models. In the feature importance ranking, the SOFA score impacted the model significantly.

Conclusion
An effective prediction model of invasion Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome in diabetes mellitus could be established by a machine learning algorithm, which had potential application value.
Acute septic thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities due to foreign body injury and infection: a case report
Authors: Zheng Guofu , Xiao Daoxiong , Xie Hailiang , Lai Minggui , Ye Bo , Liu Xiaochun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Septic thrombophlebitis (STP) of the lower extremities caused by foreign bodies is rare in the clinic, and the symptoms are serious. If the correct treatment is not implemented as soon as possible, the patient may progress to sepsis.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 51-year-old normally healthy male who developed fever 3 days after field work. When he was weeding with a lawn mower in the field, a metal foreign body from the grass flew into his left lower abdomen, resulting in an eschar on his left lower abdomen. He was diagnosed with scrub typhus but did not respond well to anti-infective treatment. After a detailed inquiry of his medical history and an auxiliary examination, the diagnosis was confirmed as STP of the left lower limb caused by a foreign body. After surgery, anticoagulation and anti-infection treatment, the infection and thrombosis were controlled, and the patient was cured and discharged.

Conclusions
STP caused by foreign bodies is rare. Early detection of the aetiology of sepsis and early adoption of the correct measures can effectively block the progression of the disease and reduce the patient’s pain. Clinicians should identify the source of sepsis through a medical history and clinical examination.
The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)
Authors: Walklin C. G , Young Hannah M.L , Asghari E , Bhandari S , Billany R. E , Bishop N , Bramham K , Briggs J , Burton J. O. , Campbell J , Castle E. M , Chilcot J , Cooper N , Deelchand V , Graham-Brown M. P.M , Hamilton A , Jesky M , Kalra P. A , Koufaki P , McCafferty K , Nixon A. C , Noble H , Saynor Z. L. , Sothinathan C , Taal M. W , Tollitt J , Wheeler D.C , Wilkinson T. J , Macdonald J.H , Greenwood S. A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Physical activity and emotional self-management has the potential to enhance health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but few people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have access to resources and support. The Kidney BEAM trial aims to evaluate whether an evidence-based physical activity and emotional wellbeing self-management programme (Kidney BEAM) leads to improvements in HRQoL in people with CKD.

Methods
This was a prospective, multicentre, randomised waitlist-controlled trial, with health economic analysis and nested qualitative studies. In total, three hundred and four adults with established CKD were recruited from 11 UK kidney units. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (Kidney BEAM) or a wait list control group (1:1). The primary outcome was the between-group difference in Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQoL) mental component summary score (MCS) at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the KDQoL physical component summary score, kidney-specific scores, fatigue, life participation, depression and anxiety, physical function, clinical chemistry, healthcare utilisation and harms. All outcomes were measured at baseline and 12 weeks, with long-term HRQoL and adherence also collected at six months follow-up. A nested qualitative study explored experience and impact of using Kidney BEAM.

Results
340 participants were randomised to Kidney BEAM (n = 173) and waiting list (n = 167) groups. There were 96 (55%) and 89 (53%) males in the intervention and waiting list groups respectively, and the mean (SD) age was 53 (14) years in both groups. Ethnicity, body mass, CKD stage, and history of diabetes and hypertension were comparable across groups. The mean (SD) of the MCS was similar in both groups, 44.7 (10.8) and 45.9 (10.6) in the intervention and waiting list groups respectively.

Conclusion
Results from this trial will establish whether the Kidney BEAM self management programme is a cost-effective method of enhancing mental and physical wellbeing of people with CKD.

Trial Registration
NCT04872933. Registered 5th May 2021.
A unilateral whiteout lung in child with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2: one case report of a boy
Authors: Sriboonyong Tidarat , Katanyuwong Poomiporn , Vaewpanich Jarin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a relatively new and rare complication of COVID-19. This complication seems to develop after the infection rather than during the acute phase of COVID-19. This report aims to describe a case of MIS-C in an 8-year-old Thai boy who presented with unilateral lung consolidation. Unilateral whiteout lung is not a common pediatric chest radiograph finding in MIS-C, but this is attributed to severe acute respiratory failure.

Case presentation
An 8-year-old boy presented with persistent fever for seven days, right cervical lymphadenopathy, and dyspnea for 12 h. The clinical and biochemical findings were compatible with MIS-C. Radiographic features included total opacity of the right lung and CT chest found consolidation and ground-glass opacities of the right lung. He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone, and he dramatically responded to the treatment. He was discharged home in good condition after 8 days of treatment.

Conclusion
Unilateral whiteout lung is not a common pediatric chest radiographic finding in MIS-C, but when it is encountered, a timely and accurate diagnosis is required to avoid delays and incorrect treatment. We describe a pediatric patient with unilateral lung consolidation from the inflammatory process.
A missed diagnosis of sputum crust with fiberoptic bronchoscope causing extubation failure: a case report
Authors: Qian Kun , Wei Yiyong , Liu Xingkui , Li Zhengfu , Cao Song , Wen Dan , Shi Junhua , Zhang Yu , Zhang Yinan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and bronchoscopic biopsy are the established methods for diagnosing and treating sputum crust. However, sputum crust in concealed locations can sometimes be missed or undiagnosed, even with bronchoscopy.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 44-year-old female patient who experienced initial extubation failure and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) due to the missed diagnosis of sputum crust by FOB and low-resolution bedside chest X-ray. The FOB examination showed no apparent abnormalities prior to the first extubation, and the patient underwent tracheal extubation 2 h after aortic valve replacement (AVR). However, she was reintubated 13 h after the first extubation due to a persistent irritating cough and severe hypoxemia, and a bedside chest radiograph revealed pneumonia and atelectasis. Upon performing a repeat FOB examination prior to the second extubation, we serendipitously discovered the presence of sputum crust at the end of the endotracheal tube. Subsequently, we found that the sputum crust was mainly located on the tracheal wall between the subglottis and the end of the endotracheal tube during the “Tracheobronchial Sputum Crust Removal” procedure, and most of the crust was obscured by the retained endotracheal tube. The patient was discharged on the 20th day following therapeutic FOB.

Conclusion
FOB examination may miss specific areas in endotracheal intubation (ETI) patients, particularly the tracheal wall between the subglottis and distal end of the tracheal catheter, where sputum crust can be concealed. When diagnostic examinations with FOB are inconclusive, high-resolution chest CT can be helpful in identifying hidden sputum crust.
Changes in femoral rollback and rotation with increasing coupling in knee arthroplasty—a biomechanical in-vitro study
Authors: Lorenz Andrea , Winter Alexander , Mederake Moritz , Freidhager Clemens , Hofmann Ulf Krister , Leichtle Ulf Gunther 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
After total knee arthroplasty, 10–30% of patients still complain about knee pain, even after exact positioning of the components. Altered knee kinematics are crucial in this regard.
The aim of our study was to experimentally determine the influence of different degrees of component coupling of knee prostheses on joint kinematics during muscle-loaded knee flexion in-vitro.

Methods
Femoral rollback and femoral rotation of a standard cruciate retaining (GCR), a posterior stabilized (GPS), a rotational hinge (RSL) and a total hinge (SSL) design of the same series of knee replacement implants (SL-series) of one single manufacturer (Waldemar Link GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) were analyzed and set in relation to the motion of the corresponding native knee in a paired study design. All different coupling degrees were analyzed in the same human knees. To simulate muscle loaded knee flexion, a knee simulator was used. Kinematics were measured with an ultrasonic motion capture system and integrated in a calculated coordinate system via CT-imaging.

Results
The largest posterior motion on the lateral side was found for the native knee (8.7 ± 7.0 mm), followed by the GPS (3.2 ± 5.1 mm) and GCR (2.8 ± 7.3 mm) implants, while no motion was found for the RSL (0.1 ± 3.0 mm) and the SSL (-0.6 ± 2.7 mm) implants. In contrast, on the medial side, only the native knee showed a posterior motion (2.1 ± 3.2 mm). Regarding femoral external rotation, the only implant where the observed difference did not reach statistical significance when compared to the native knee was the GCR (p = 0.007).

Conclusion
The GCR and GPS kinematics closely imitate those of the native joint. Medial femoral rollback is reduced, however, with the joint pivoting around a rotational center located in the medial plateau. Without additional rotational forces, the coupled RSL and SSL prostheses closely resemble each other with no femoral rollback or relevant rotational component. The femoral axis, however, shifts ventrally in both models when compared with their primary counterparts. The positioning of the coupling mechanism in the femoral and tibial component thus can already lead to altered joint kinematics even in prostheses with an identical surface geometry.
The antimicrobial efficacy of nanographene oxide and double antibiotic paste per se and in combination: part II
Authors: Eskandari Fateme , Ghahramani Yasamin , Abbaszadegan Abbas , Gholami Ahmad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Finding strategies to overcome the rising trends of antimicrobial resistance against currently available antimicrobial agents has become increasingly relevant. Graphene oxide has recently emerged as a promising material due to its outstanding physicochemical and biological properties. This study aimed to validate previous data on the antibacterial activity of nanographene oxide (nGO), double antibiotic paste (DAP), and their combination (nGO-DAP).

Methods
The antibacterial evaluation was performed against a wide range of microbial pathogens. Synthesis of nGO was achieved using a modified Hummers' method, and loading it with ciprofloxacin and metronidazole resulted in nGO-DAP. The microdilution method was utilized to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of nGO, DAP, and nGO-DAP against two gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and E. faecalis), two gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, and S. typhi), and an opportunistic pathogenic yeast (C. albicans). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-sample t-test and one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05).

Results
All three antimicrobial agents significantly increased the killing percent of microbial pathogens compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the synthesized nGO-DAP exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than nGO and DAP per se.

Conclusion
The novel synthesized nGO-DAP can be used as an effective antimicrobial nanomaterial for use in dental, biomedical, and pharmaceutical fields against a range of microbial pathogens, including gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as yeasts.