bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Categories of variables in analysis of genetic diversity in S1 progenies of Psidium guajava
Authors: Ambrósio Moisés , Pio Viana Alexandre , Pureza da Cruz Derivaldo , da Costa Preisigke Sandra , Ramos Cavalcante Natan , Herênio Gonçalves Júnior Deurimar , Dias Amaral Bruno , Teixeira do Amaral Junior Antônio , Grasiela Silva Santana Josefa , Ambrosim Crevelari Jocarla , Figueiredo Daher Rogério , Pequeno de Souza Yure 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCrossing and developing inbred lines have been promising options for guava breeding programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence among genotypes of S1 inbred guava families by means of the Gower’s technique and the Ward-MLM methodology, to verify the correlation and relative contribution of traits, as well as to identify descriptors with minimum efficiency for this species. The experiment was implemented at the Estação Experimental da Ilha Barra do Pomba, in the municipality of Itaocara, RJ, Brazil. A randomized block design with 18 inbred families, three replicates, and ten plants per plot was used for the experimental design. After 19 months from the planting of the experiment, the 61 earliest and most productive genotypes (individual plants) were evaluated. For this purpose, 29 descriptors were evaluated, of which fifteen were qualitative and fourteen, quantitative. The characteristics required to obtain the distance matrix were analyzed based on the Gower algorithm, and a comparative cluster between the dendrograms of the morphoagronomic variables was achieved from this matrix. Lastly, the Ward-MLM procedure was applied to form the clusters of inbred families. By using all 29 descriptors, greater efficiency was achieved in cluster discrimination. Hence, according to the results identified, it is not possible to indicate minimum descriptors for the culture. Using the Ward-MLM method, the descriptors that most contributed to the divergence among the genotypes were fruit flesh mass, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit flesh thickness, fruit placental mass, and fruit length. The most divergent genotypes can be recommended for further crosses or self-pollinations to develop new lines in the guava breeding program of UENF.
Effect of irrigation frequency and selenium fertilization on the vegetative growth and biomass yield of Moringa oleifera and Moringa peregrina
Authors: Abdoun Khalid A. , Altahir Osman A. , Alsagan Ahmed A. , Alsaiady Mohammed Y. , Alshaikhi Ali M. , Alshamiry Faisal A. , Al-Haidary Ahmed A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo maximize the production value of Moringa species, there is a need to understand the morphological effect of irrigation frequency and Se fertilizer levels on Moringa species' growth and development. Hence, the aim of this trial was to determine the combined effect of irrigation frequency and Selenium (Se) fertilizer levels on the growth of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) and Moringa peregrina (M. peregrina) in the central region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A split-plot arrangement was used, where the treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with three replicates, as the study included two plant species (M. oleifera and M. peregrina), four irrigation frequencies (7, 10, 15, and 20 days), and three Se levels (0.0, 12.5 and 25 mg/L foliar spray). M. peregrina showed slow emergence and plant establishment as compared to M. oleifera. The results indicated that plant height, leaves and stems fresh weight increased with the increase in Se level, and were highest when the two plant species were irrigated every 10 days which surpassed all other irrigation frequencies. The findings of this research study indicated that the two Moringa species, particularly M. oleifera could successfully be grown using drip irrigation at a 10-days irrigation frequency.
External and internal focus of attention differentially modulate corticospinal excitability in anticipatory postural adjustments
Authors: Matsumoto Amiri , Ueda Hajime , Ogawa Akari , Oshima Chihiro , Irie Keisuke , Liang Nan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhether attentional focus modulates the corticospinal excitability of the lower limb muscles in anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) when performing a ballistic movement of the upper limb remains unclear. The present study used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to examine the corticospinal excitability of the lower limb muscles along with the kinematic profiles during dart throwing with different attentional foci, external focus (EF) and internal focus (IF). In 13 healthy participants, TMS was applied immediately before electromyographic onset of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle, and the motor evoked potential (MEP) was recorded in the TA and soleus (SOL) muscles. The performance accuracy was significantly higher in the EF condition than in the IF condition. In both EF and IF conditions, MEP amplitude in the TA muscle, but not the SOL muscle, was significantly higher immediately before TA muscle onset (− 100, − 50, and 0 ms) compared to the control. In particular, the MEP increment in the TA muscle before TA muscle onset (− 50 and 0 ms) was significantly larger in the EF condition than in the IF condition. Our findings provide the first evidence for the modulation of corticospinal excitability in APA by changing attentional focus.
GTS-21, a selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in Leprdb/db mice
Authors: Meng Qinghe , Tian Xinghan , Li Junwei , Pruekprasert Napat , Dhawan Ravi , Holz George G. , Cooney Robert N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complicating factor in human type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and it commonly results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that requires kidney dialysis. Here, we report that the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) agonist GTS-21 exerts a novel anti-inflammatory action to ameliorate DN, as studied using an inbred strain of Leprdb/db mice in which hyperglycemia and obesity co-exist owing to defective leptin receptor (Lepr) signaling. For this analysis, GTS-21 was administered to 10–12 week-old male and female mice as a 4 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection, twice-a-day, for 8 weeks. Kidney function and injury owing to DN were monitored by determination of plasma levels of BUN, creatinine, KIM-1 and NGAL. Histologic analysis of glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial matrix expansion were also used to assess DN in these mice. Concurrently, renal inflammation was assessed by measuring IL-6 and HMGB1, while also quantifying renal cell apoptosis, and apoptotic signaling pathways. We found that Leprdb/db mice exhibited increased markers of BUN, creatinine, NGAL, KIM-1, IL-6, cytochrome C, and HMGB-1. These abnormalities were also accompanied by histologic kidney injury (mesangial matrix expansion and apoptosis). Remarkably, all such pathologies were significantly reduced by GTS-21. Collectively, our results provide new evidence that the α7nAChR agonist GTS-21 has the ability to attenuate diabetes-induced kidney injury. Additional studies are warranted to further investigate the involvement of the vagal cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex pathway (CAP) in ameliorating diabetic nephropathy.
Interface slip of steel–concrete composite beams reinforced with CFRP sheet under creep effect
Authors: Jian Xiangyang , Zhang Ni , Liu Haiqing , Zhao Zhongwei , Lei Ming , Chen Zimu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnder the creep action of composite steel and concrete beams reinforced by carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheet, the face of the CFRP sheet, steel beam, and concrete slab beam produce relative slip. This slip affects the interface interaction, reduces the bearing capacity and stiffness of the members, and increases the deformation. In this paper, elastic and energy methods are used to analyze the interface forces between steel beams and concrete slabs reinforced by CFRP sheeting under the action of concrete creep. The calculation formulas for interface slip, axial force, and incremental deformation are established. The influence of design parameters on the mechanical properties of the interface is analyzed. Results show that the increments in interface slip, axial force, and deformation are zero on the 28th day. With increasing age, the increments in interface slip, axial force, and deformation gradually increase, and the increase is large in the first 100 days; it basically remains unchanged during the time interval from 100 to 1028 days. When the load increases by 5 N/mm (5 kN), the slip increments increase by approximately 0.004 mm, 0.002 mm, and 0.002 mm. The increments in axial force are approximately 19.4 kN, 15.9 kN, and 16.1 kN. The deformation increments increase by approximately 1.7 mm, 1.1 mm, and 0.6 mm.
Native and non-native language contexts differently modulate mood-driven electrodermal activity
Authors: Naranowicz Marcin , Jankowiak Katarzyna , Behnke Maciej 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBilingual speakers have been consistently observed to experience reduced emotional sensitivity to their non-native (L2) relative to native (L1) language, particularly to the negatively-valenced L2 content. Yet, little is known about how the L1 and L2 contexts physiologically influence bilinguals’ affective states, such as moods. Here, we show that bilinguals may be less physiologically sensitive to mood changes in the L2 compared to the L1 context. Polish–English bilinguals operating in either the L1 or the L2 mode (elicited via reading L1 and L2 sentences) watched positive and negative mood-inducing films while their electrodermal activity was measured. We observed a greater number of skin conductance responses in the negative compared to positive mood condition in the L1 context only, indexing decreased sensitivity to mood changes in the L2 relative to the L1 mode in bilinguals. Also, skin conductance amplitudes were overall increased in the L2 compared to the L1 context, pointing to increased cognitive load when operating in L2. These findings together suggest that bilinguals experience decreased sensitivity to mood changes in their less dominant language due to L2 processing requiring greater cognitive engagement.
Credible pigeon permissioned blockchain traceability platform integrated with IoT based on HACCP
Authors: Fan Mingyuan , Liu Shuangyin , Xu Longqin , Feng Dachun , Guo Jianjun , Cao Liang , Liu Tonglai , Gul Hassan Shahbaz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe pigeon food production industry from breeding to processing into food for market circulation involves many stages and people, which is prone to food safety issues and difficult to regulate. To address these problems, one possible solution is to establish a traceability system. However, in traditional traceability systems, a number of stages involved and each of them provides their own data accumulated in the database. Therefore, complex traceability data are compose of too many stages easily result in confusing information for customers. Besides, centralized data storage makes data vulnerable to be tampered with. To solve these problems, hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) principles have been utilized in our work which is a comprehensive traceability system. In this work, we analyze the pigeon food production industry through HACCP principles and determine some critical control points (CCPs), including incubation, breeding, transportation, slaughtering, processing, and logistics. With the help of these CCPs, we are able to build a traceability system with critical and abundant data but not too complicated for users. To further improve the system, there are different kinds of techniques integrated into it. Firstly, a permissioned blockchain, Hyperledger Fabric, is selected as blockchain module to enhance trustworthiness of data. Secondly, the system contains various IoT devices for automatically collecting environmental parameter data with the aim of reducing human interference. Besides, it is worth mentioning that the proposed information management device can decrease the data entry burden. Consequently, the implementation of the traceability system increase consumers’ confidence in pigeon food production. To summarize, it is a new application of modern agricultural information technique in food safety and a bold experiment in the field of poultry, particularly pigeons.
Quantitative criteria characterizing the time change pattern of total lipid-peroxidation carbonyls
Authors: Farhoosh Reza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present study introduced for the first time a sigmoidal function regarding the change in lipid-peroxidation carbonyls over time, providing a number of helpful kinetic parameters to more reliably evaluate the secondary oxidation of lipid systems. The sigmoidal function was of excellent goodness of fit (R2 > 0.99) in the non-inhibited and inhibited (in the presence of the antioxidant TBHQ) fatty acid compositions (sunflower and olive oils) at 80 and 100 °C. The calculated kinetic parameters were able to significantly differentiate among the oxidizing systems exposed to the experimented intrinsic/extrinsic factors. The new methodology developed in this study enabled us to more quantitatively indicate the resistance of lipid systems to the production of one of the most important destructive compounds from nutritional and sensory standpoints.
Evaluation of the current understanding of the impact of climate change on coral physiology after three decades of experimental research
Authors: Krämer Wiebke E. , Iglesias-Prieto Roberto , Enríquez Susana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAfter three decades of coral research on the impacts of climate change, there is a wide consensus on the adverse effects of heat-stress, but the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) are not well established. Using a review of published studies and an experimental analysis, we confirm the large species-specific component of the OA response, which predicts moderate impacts on coral physiology and pigmentation by 2100 (scenario-B1 or SSP2-4.5), in contrast with the severe disturbances induced by only +2 °C of thermal anomaly. Accordingly, global warming represents a greater threat for coral calcification than OA. The incomplete understanding of the moderate OA response relies on insufficient attention to key regulatory processes of these symbioses, particularly the metabolic dependence of coral calcification on algal photosynthesis and host respiration. Our capacity to predict the future of coral reefs depends on a correct identification of the main targets and/or processes impacted by climate change stressors.
Increased oceanic dimethyl sulfide emissions in areas of sea ice retreat inferred from a Greenland ice core
Authors: Kurosaki Yutaka , Matoba Sumito , Iizuka Yoshinori , Fujita Koji , Shimada Rigen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOcean phytoplankton are an important source of dimethyl sulfide, which influences marine cloud formation. Model studies suggest that declines in Arctic sea ice may lead to increased dimethyl sulfide emissions, however observational support is lacking. Here, we present a 55-year high-resolution ice core record of methane sulfonic acid flux, an oxidation product of dimethyl sulfide, from the southeast Greenland Ice Sheet. We infer temporal variations in ocean dimethyl sulfide emissions and find that springtime (April–June) fluxes of methane sulfonic acid correlate well with satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration in the Irminger Sea. Summertime (July–September) methane sulfonic acid fluxes were 3 to 6 times higher between 2002–2014 than 1972–2001. We attribute this to sea ice retreat day becoming earlier and a coincident increase in chlorophyll-a concentration in the adjacent open coastal waters.
Effect of mulberry leaf or mulberry leaf extract on glycemic traits: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cui Wenyu , Luo Kaiyun , Xiao Qian , Sun Zhaoyue , Wang Yunfu , Cui Caifang , Chen Fuchun , Xu Ben , Shen Weijun , Wan Fachun , Cheng Anwei 
Published: December 2022

Meta-analysis indicated that the supplementation of mulberry leaves or mulberry leaf extract is beneficial for regulation of the glycemic indices, including fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and fasting plasma insulin.
Full state constrained command filtered output feedback control for the electro‐hydraulic ammunition ramming system
Authors: Yin Qiang , Nie Shoucheng , Qian Linfang , Chen Weizheng , Yue Caicheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA barrier Lyapunov functions‐based command filtered output feedback control scheme is presented for the electro‐hydraulic ammunition ramming system (EHARS) with position and velocity constraints in this paper. Due to the limitation of compact installation space in ramming mechanism, there remain some immeasurable signals such as the velocity of projectile and pressures in hydro‐cylinder; thus, a state observer is designed to estimate the unmeasured states of EHARS. The barrier Lyapunov functions theory is adopted to guarantee position and velocity constraints of projectile are not violated. In order to suppress the complexity of differential explosion in backstepping iteration, command filtered technology and corresponding compensating technique of filtering errors are applied. By the stability theory of Lyapunov, the stability of the closed‐loop system and the boundedness of the whole state in EHARS are theoretically proved. Simulation results show prescribed position‐tracking accuracy and desired velocity of projectile under different firing angles, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Mobile phone screen surface scratch detection based on optimized YOLOv5 model (OYm)
Authors: Zhao Jian , Zhu Bolin , Peng Mo , Li Lingling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo improve phone screen surface detection efficiency, an optimized YOLOv5s model (OYm) based on GhostNet(YOLOv5GHOSTs) and BottleneckCSP is proposed. For a given target sample, OYm could effectively reduce the computation of GFLOPS and detection time by optimizing the network structure. The detection results show that the mean average precision_0.5 (mAP_0.5) exceeds 95%, and the average detection rate is 16 ms. Compared with the traditional YOLOv5s model, the loss of average accuracy is ensured to be controlled within 3%, the detection frame rate of OYm is risen by 56.25%, and GFLOPS is decreased by 64.2%. The principle of OYm is explained in detail, and the proposed model is then experimentally validated.
Multi‐scale homography estimation based on dual feature aggregation transformer
Authors: Li Ying , Chen Kehan , Sun Shilei , He Chu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe accuracy of registration in image stitching task directly affects the performance of subsequent stages. Traditional registration methods rely heavily on the quality of the features when calculating the homography matrix, resulting in alignment failures in low‐texture or low‐overlap scenes due to extracting insufficient features. On the other hand, existing DNN‐based methods for homography estimation are more robust in multiple scenes but previous work usually employs an overly simple convolutional network structure to directly regress the homography, ignoring the redundant information contained in the feature maps so that their prediction accuracy is inferior to the traditional methods in simple scenarios. To overcome the disadvantages of the two methods, a Multi‐scale structure is proposed to extract feature maps at three scales and design two modules to handle the matrix prediction respectively. The DFA‐T module analyzes semantic information on the high‐level features to accomplish coarse‐grained alignment while the Contextual Correlation module on the bottom level to accomplish more accurate alignment. Experiments demonstrate that this method provides more accurate alignment results than the existing state‐of‐the‐art DNN‐based methods and outperforms traditional algorithms with more stable results in some extreme scenarios.
Wideband and low‐profile beam‐tilted H‐plane horn array based on MMPTE
Authors: Zhao Yun , Wang Aizhong , Ye Fan , Ding Jiangqiao , Wen Geyi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA wideband and low‐profile H‐plane horn antenna array is proposed to achieve a tilted‐beam in H‐plane based on the theory of maximum power transfer efficiency (method of maximum power transfer efficiency (MMPTE)), which is built on bent corrugated substrate integrated waveguide structure. The horn array is implemented in the substrate with the thickness of 0.13 at the centre frequency. The arc‐shaped aperture is employed to achieve smooth transition from horn aperture to the free space, which also improve the front‐to‐back ratio of the radiation pattern. In order to realise a tilted‐beam, MMPTE is used to obtain the excitation distribution of array elements. A double‐layer butler matrix feed network is built based on the calculated excitation, maintaining the characteristic of broadband and miniaturisation simultaneously. Measured VSWR parameter of the proposed antenna is less than 2.0 from 6 to 18 GHz. The antenna achieves a beam titling of ±6° in H‐plane. It is observed that the measured results agree well with the simulated ones.
Facile Synthesis of Diaryl Sulfones through Arylsulfonylation of Arynes and Thiosulfonates
Authors: Cai Zhihua , He Lin , Zheng Yating , Tang Delin , Xie Pei , Luo Jinyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA mild and transition-metal-free arylsulfonylation reaction of arynes has been developed. Arynes generated in situ from 2-(trimethylsilyl)aryl triflates undergo nucleophilic addition with thiosulfonates to produce diaryl sulfones in 41–99% yield. The reaction can be scaled easily to gram-scale with the high yield maintained. Finally, mechanistic experiments showed that acetonitrile acted as a proton source.
Efficient Synthesis and Functionalization of 3-Bromonaphtho[2,3-b]thiophene
Authors: Burke Emily K. , Welsh Erin N. , Speed Alexander W. H. , Robertson Katherine N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNaphtho[2,3-b]thiophene is a linear sulfur-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Naphtho[2,3-b]thiophene and its derivatives are commonly accessed by a Bradsher cyclization. Synthesis of the Bradsher cyclization substrate typically requires harsh conditions, including several oxidation state changes. Here, we report an improved, multigram synthesis of 3-bromonaphtho[2,3-b]thiophene, exploiting a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling to prepare the Bradsher substrate in three steps from commercial materials while minimizing redox reactions. In this work, the 3-bromonaphthothiophene is further functionalized via lithium–halogen exchange, with the key finding being a specific order of addition in lithiation is required to avoid undesired rearrangement reactions. Transformation to a versatile set of derivatives, including a naphthothiophene-containing chiral amine, is illustrated.
Photocatalytic Spirocyclization of 2-Alk-ω-enyl-Substituted Cycloalkane-1,3-diones
Authors: Bach Thorsten , Hofer Johannes , Pecho Franziska 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhen irradiated with visible light, various cyclic 2-alk-4-enyl-substituted 1,3-diketones undergo an intramolecular endo-addition (m = 1) onto the double bond resulting in spirocyclic products (11 examples, 62–92% yield). Both an organic (TXT: thioxanthone, 20 mol%) and an organometallic Ir-based photocatalyst (5 mol%) promote the reaction. Addition of triisopropylthiophenol is required to secure high yields. The spirocyclization of a 2-alk-5-enyl-substituted substrate (m = 2) delivers a mixture of the seven-membered endo- and the six-membered exo-cyclization products.