bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Results of Implementing Rapid Methadone Titration for Hospitalized Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Martin Marlene , Baisey Taylor , Skinner Sasha , Ly Leslie , Slown Kristin , Harter Kristin , Nguyen Oanh Kieu , Steiger Scott , Suen Leslie W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
With the increase in illicit fentanyl use in the USA, hospitals face challenges managing opioid withdrawal and opioid use disorder (OUD). To improve opioid withdrawal and OUD treatment among hospitalized patients with daily fentanyl use, we developed a rapid methadone titration (RMT) protocol. We describe development, implementation, and outcomes during the first 12 weeks.

Methods
We analyzed electronic health record data of hospitalizations seen by the Addiction Consult Team (ACT) for methadone initiation between 9/11/23 and 12/3/23. Adults aged 18–64 reporting daily fentanyl use, desiring methadone, and without end-stage organ damage or critical illness were RMT eligible. We characterized patients who received RMT, abstracting demographic and clinical characteristics, adverse events graded by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), and methadone and additional full agonist opioid (FAO) dosing. Our primary outcome was adverse events. Secondary outcomes included median time to 100 mg of methadone, FAO dosing, and self-directed discharge.

Results
ACT assessed 55 hospitalizations representing 47 patients for RMT eligibility. Among these, 19 (34.5%) hospitalizations representing 17 patients were eligible for and received RMT. Four (21.2%) hospitalizations that received RMT had sedation events, and all were mild or moderate grade by CTCAE. Hospitalizations achieved a median methadone dose of 100 mg by day 6, with FAO doses peaking on day 5. One (5.3%) hospitalization had a self-directed discharge.

Conclusions
With careful patient selection and ACT evaluation, a RMT protocol for hospitalized patients with fentanyl use disorder experienced few adverse events other than mild-moderate sedation, even among those receiving FAO and those with concurrent substance use disorders.
Genetic diversity of closely related Calligounum species collected from Saudi habitats by analyzing the matK and rpoC1 genes, and SCoT and IRAP markers
Authors: AlGarawi Amal Mohamed , Abd-Elgawad Magda Elsayed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The genus Calligonum L. Her (Polygonaceae) comprises 158 species with widespread distribution in regions such as India, China, North Africa, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, and South Europe. Calligonum L. is a prominent shrubby psammophyte found in deserts, known for its traditional medicinal uses. The aim of this study is to use Start Codon Target (SCoT) and Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) markers to evaluate the genetic diversity of Calligonum comosum and Calligonum tetrapterum in Saudi Arabia. In addition, it uses the raxmlHPC algorithm and DNA barcoding techniques (matK and rpoC1) to examine phylogenetic relationships. SCoT and IRAP markers revealed distinct genetic patterns, clustering Calligonum species based on their genetic similarities. DNA barcoding of matK and rpoC1 genes provided valuable insights into the evolutionary relationships within Calligonum species. Phylogenetic analyses highlighted well-supported structures with outgroup sequences showing early divergence. Conserved motifs analysis confirmed the presence of shared motifs in both isolated and identified genes, validating the potential use of isolated genes as biomarkers. This comprehensive genetic analysis enhances our understanding of Calligonum species’ genetic relationships, contributing valuable information for taxonomic classification and molecular marker validation. We are the first to add sequence of rpoC1 gene to Calligonum comosum and Calligonum tetrapterum in Gen-Bank. The identified conserved motifs and phylogenetic insights underscore the potential applications of Calligonum genes in various fields, including medicine and biodiversity conservation.
Fostering lithium-ion battery remanufacturing through Industry 5.0
Authors: Neri Alessandro , Butturi Maria Angela , Tomasin da Silva Leandro , Lolli Francesco , Gamberini Rita , Sellitto Miguel Afonso 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The rise of electric vehicles (EVs) has resulted in notable environmental benefits, yet challenges persist regarding battery disposal and recovery. The increasing demand for EVs heightens concerns about the environmental impact of lithium-ion battery (LIB) waste, which threatens both ecosystems and public health. Although remanufacturing is seen as a sustainable solution to these issues, current research does not thoroughly examine the role of Industry 5.0 technologies in optimising this process. This study aims to compare and assess the potential of various Industry 5.0 technologies and approaches to enhance the remanufacturing of lithium-ion batteries. Using the AHP-PROMETHEE method, we identify the most critical and influential Industry 5.0 prospects that should be prioritised for addressing key challenges such as diagnostic accuracy, safe disassembly, and high-quality reassembly. The multi-criteria analysis highlights key Industry 5.0 imperatives that can facilitate efficient and effective remanufacturing processes. The study identifies Digital Product Passport (DPP), Digital Twin (DT), and the Internet of Everything (IoE) as critical enablers in optimizing the LIB remanufacturing process. The analysis reveals that DPP stands out as the top enabler, significantly enhancing transparency, traceability, and lifecycle management for LIBs. DT and IoE follow closely, contributing to real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and seamless data integration across the supply chain. This paper delves in the emerging concept of the Digital Battery Passport (DBP), a DPP mandated by recent European regulations aimed at improving battery management and circularity. The DBP facilitates access to critical data throughout the battery’s lifecycle, including its origin, composition, and state of health. This information is crucial for optimising remanufacturing processes, ensuring compliance with sustainability standards, and extending battery life. The paper highlights the potential of DBP to transform the EV battery value chain by enhancing transparency and enabling more informed decision-making across stakeholders. Our findings offer significant insights for policymakers, battery manufacturers, and remanufacturing firms.
Dating of mortars from Kastelli Hill, Chania, Crete, Greece, based on their compositional analyses
Authors: Maravelaki Pagona-Noni , Andreadaki-Vlazaki Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The study of mortars plays a crucial role in determining the chronology of construction phases. According to the database of mortars analysed from historical monuments in Crete and other areas of Greece, significant differences in mortar composition are observed across historical periods. In the present study, 14 mortars from Kastelli Hill and Katre Street in Chania, originating from the fortified wall and neighboring buildings, are analysed. The physico-chemical and mineralogical analysis aims at clarifying the nature of mortars, their manufacturing technology, and, in particular, to compare different construction phases. In addition, comparing historically identified mortars with those under study reveals similarities and differences across construction phases. The indicators considered include the trace elements of aggregates and binder, the characteristics of aggregate grain size, the type of binder (hydraulic or aerial), and the presence of pozzolanic additives. The comparisons indicated that the mortars from the wall were manufactured during the Roman period, since they are successfully compared with the mortars of buildings dating back to that time.

Graphical abstract
Yinchen lipid-lowering tea attenuates lipid deposition in a fatty liver model by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction through activation of AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling
Authors: Luo Xilin , Fang Yuanyuan , Wang Wei , Tong Meiling , Qin Bin , Cao Jinyu , Yang Yinjie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigated the ameliorative effects of Yinchen lipid-lowering tea (YCLLT) on Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the specific mechanism involved was also studied. We modeled hepatocellular steatosis with HepG2 cells and intervened with different concentrations of YCLLT-containing serum. Lipid deposition was assessed by oil red O staining and AdipoR1 expression was analyzed by Western blot. The hepatocyte steatosis model was further treated with YCLLT-containing serum and/or silencing AdipoR1. Lipid deposition was observed by oil red O staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, 8-OHdG, and ATP were analyzed by ELISA or the corresponding kits. The mitochondrial structure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway factors was analyzed by Western blot, and co-localization of SIRT1 and immunofluorescence. The results revealed that YCLLT attenuated lipid deposition, inhibited the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6, reduced the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG, up-regulated the ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential, and promoted the expression of AdipoR1, p-LKB1, p-AMPKα, SIRT1, and PGC-1a in a cellular model of NAFLD. Further, silencing of AdipoR1 inhibited the ameliorative effect of YCLLT in the NAFLD cell model. Altogether, Yinchen lipid-lowering tea attenuates lipid deposition in a fatty liver model by improving mitochondrial function via activating AdipoR1/AMPK/ SIRT1 signaling.
The Epistemic Cost of Opacity: How the Use of Artificial Intelligence Undermines the Knowledge of Medical Doctors in High-Stakes Contexts
Authors: Schmidt Eva , Putora Paul Martin , Fijten Rianne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Artificial intelligent (AI) systems used in medicine are often very reliable and accurate, but at the price of their being increasingly opaque. This raises the question whether a system’s opacity undermines the ability of medical doctors to acquire knowledge on the basis of its outputs. We investigate this question by focusing on a case in which a patient’s risk of recurring breast cancer is predicted by an opaque AI system. We argue that, given the system’s opacity, as well as the possibility of malfunctioning AI systems, practitioners’ inability to check the correctness of their outputs, and the high stakes of such cases, the knowledge of medical practitioners is indeed undermined. They are lucky to form true beliefs based on the AI systems’ outputs, and knowledge is incompatible with luck. We supplement this claim with a specific version of the safety condition on knowledge, Safety*. We argue that, relative to the perspective of the medical doctor in our example case, his relevant beliefs could easily be false, and this despite his evidence that the AI system functions reliably. Assuming that Safety* is necessary for knowledge, the practitioner therefore doesn’t know. We address three objections to our proposal before turning to practical suggestions for improving the epistemic situation of medical doctors.
COVID-19 Impact On Black and Latina Women: Pregnancy and Parenting
Authors: Carrasco Zoe , Behimino Aliyah , Jiles Mariah , Taylor Brianne , Clary Chakiya , Negrete Gabriela , Aponte Andrea V. , Butcher Brittany D. Chambers , Gomez Anu Manchikanti , Arteaga Stephanie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic presented unique challenges for pregnant women and birthing individuals, particularly those from Black and Latino communities. Understanding the impact of the pandemic on their experiences is crucial for providing adequate support and care during vulnerable times. This research delves into the specific effects of COVID-19 on maternal stress and resilience. We conducted in-depth interviews with a subsample of 19 women from a larger study examining the effects of maternal stress and anxiety, racism, and resilience and coping on pregnancy among Black and Latina pregnant women in the San Francisco Bay Area, a diverse region where nearly two-thirds of residents are people of color. Using thematic analysis, we identified three dominant themes that illuminate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on participants’ pregnancy, birth, and postpartum experiences. Firstly, the pandemic shifted participants’ focus away from their pregnancy and birth experiences, compelling them to prioritize safety measures against COVID-19 infection. Secondly, the study highlighted the profound value of high-quality, supportive care from healthcare providers during the pandemic, which significantly impacted participants’ well-being. Lastly, we uncovered various resilience-building strategies employed by participants to navigate the challenges of pregnancy and parenting during the pandemic. This research provides essential insights into the lived experiences of Black and Latina pregnant women in the San Francisco Bay Area during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings underscore the need for targeted support and interventions to address the unique stressors faced by these communities. By understanding the personal lived experience of Black and Latina participants’ pregnancy, birth, and postpartum during the pandemic, healthcare providers and policymakers can develop more tailored and effective approaches to assist and empower Black and Latina pregnant individuals.
Time Spent on Social Media and Associations with Mental Health in Young Adults: Examining TikTok, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Youtube, Snapchat, and Reddit
Authors: Woodward Matthew J. , McGettrick Caitlin R. , Dick Olivia G. , Ali Mawsoof , Teeters Jenni B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Time spent on social media has been an inconsistent predictor of mental health outcomes in young people. However, most studies have assessed social media use globally, with few investigations of the relative influence of specific social media platforms, which may partially account for mixed findings. Furthermore, studies often focus on a single mental health outcome, limiting understanding of how social media relates to psychological well-being. The purpose of the current study was to examine associations between time spent on multiple popular social media platforms and a variety of mental health-related outcomes in a sample of young adults. Participants included 575 young adults who completed an online survey assessing self-reported time spent on Twitter, TikTok, YouTube, Instagram, Reddit, Snapchat, and Facebook as well as depression, anxiety, PTSD, loneliness, friend support, and self-esteem. Path analyses showed that in the overall sample, greater use of Tiktok and YouTube were consistently associated with more mental health issues, whereas greater use of Snapchat was associated with fewer mental health issues. Models examining results for men and women separately suggested that use of Tiktok was more relevant in women’s mental health, whereas use of Reddit was more relevant in men’s mental health. Findings highlight that associations are not uniform across social media platforms. More research is needed that compares individual platforms and their relationship to psychological well-being as well as future studies examining how gender impacts findings.
Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Proposal for a Transversal Curricular Unit
Authors: Rebelo Emília Malcata 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Given the very recent appearance and rapid dissemination of tools based on artificial intelligence (AI), particularly the ChatGPT application, and the inevitability of their installation in the lives of students and professors, this article proposes the creation of a new “transversal skills” curricular unit to be taught to students in the Engineering Programs at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto. Given the “revolution” that these AI-based tools can represent, it is important to reflect on what they constitute, how they can support professors in their teaching tasks, how they can support students in acquiring and interrelating knowledge and developing their competences, and how they can shape assessment processes. This article begins by analyzing the characteristics, potential and limitations of AI and the importance of developing AI-related transversal skills in higher education, followed by examples of the application of AI-based tools in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses. Finally, the design of an AI-based curricular unit is proposed, as well as a methodology for identifying, assessing and mitigating the effects of biases in AI applications in curricula. Despite this proposal is directly applicable to STEM courses, it can be easily adapted to other areas of study.
Research on slope stability assessment methods: a comparative analysis of limit equilibrium, finite element, and analytical approaches for road embankment stabilization
Authors: Gael Chebou Nkenwoum , Luc Leroy Mambou Ngueyep , Christian Fokam Bobda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive assessment of slope failure risk in man-made slopes was conducted, focusing specifically on the embankments in the excavated regions along the Tibati-Sengbe road in the Adamawa region of Cameroon. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the stability of these slopes and determine the safety factors that should be considered in their stabilization. To achieve this goal, a field survey was conducted to identify and characterize the areas at risk. The stability assessment was performed employing sophisticated numerical methods, including the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) utilizing the Bishop Method, the Finite Element Method (FEM) through the Plaxis Method, and the Analytical Method (AM) based on Taylor's Abacus. Ten slopes with homogeneous soil composition but varying geotechnical and geometric properties were selected as the objects for simulations, which were performed using the software packages ROCSCIENCE (Phase 2) for LEM and PLAXIS for FEM. The results indicated a high degree of consistency between the FEM and LEM methodologies, with an R2 correlation approaching 1 in their comparison. Nonetheless, the AM yielded conflicting results in 60% of cases, emphasizing the fundamental significance of numerical methods in evaluating slope stability. The findings of this study discredit the effectiveness of analytical methods in determining safety factor calculations and highlight the accuracy and reliability of the FEM and LEM techniques given their consistent results.
Early-life enrichment in American mink (Neogale vison): Effects of juvenile physical enrichment on behaviour, temperament, and long-term stereotypic behaviour
Authors: Clark Gabrielle B. , Díez-León María , Meagher Rebecca K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A single manipulable enrichment is often introduced to the pens of farmed American mink (Neogale vison) to combat stereotypic behaviour and behaviours or temperaments associated with poor welfare (e.g. inactivity, fear, and aggression). This enrichment is provided early in life, but it is unclear the age at which enrichment is most effective at preventing stereotypic behaviour and ameliorating welfare. Here, a group of enriched kits (EK) were provided with multiple enrichments that were periodically exchanged to renew novelty from 4–15 weeks of age, earlier than typical enrichment provision on farms, after which they were housed with a single standard enrichment into adulthood. The effects of EK enrichment on kit behaviours and long-term stereotypic behaviour were compared to that of two groups reared with a single standard enrichment (standard housed; SH and enriched at whelping; EW). Inactivity in the nest-box was decreased in EK kits as juveniles relative to other groups, however, social play was reduced and lying awake was increased compared to EW and SH juveniles, respectively. Stereotypic behaviour in the kits as adults was not prevented by EK interventions; in fact, EK kits may have developed more diverse sub-types of stereotypic behaviour than EW and SH kits. Moreover, kit temperament did not appear to be affected. EK enrichment may have been ineffective in improving welfare due to the timing of its removal or potential frustration induced by its removal. Recommendations are provided for future research regarding critical periods of enrichment to improve welfare in species such as farmed mink.
Locke on the Molyneux Question: A Sensible Point View
Authors: Wentzell Alexander 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Molyneux question asks: would a blind person, who knows spheres and cubes only from touch, be able to recognize these shapes visually immediately upon becoming sighted, without touching them? Molyneux himself answered no. Locke accepted Molyneux’s negative answer. However, Locke’s answer appears inconsistent with the doctrine of common sensibles, according to which some ideas are given in more than one sense modality. Motivated by alleviating this tension, philosophers have put forth several interpretations of Locke’s views on shape perception. Here, I motivate a novel interpretation of Locke that can better resolve the tension.
The impact of task-sharing scalable mental health interventions on non-specialist providers: a scoping review
Authors: Sangraula Manaswi , Chauhan Josheka , Best Chynere , McEneaney Caroline , Shah Cheenar , Brown Adam D. , Kohrt Brandon A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Task-sharing approaches that train non-specialist providers (NSPs), people without specialized clinical training, are increasingly utilized to address the global mental health treatment gap. This review consolidates findings from peer reviewed articles on the impact of task-sharing mental health interventions on NSPs at the individual, family and community level. Studies that highlighted facilitators, barriers and recommendations for improving the experiences of NSPs were also included in the review. Fifteen studies, conducted across eight countries, met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies were conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa, six in South and Southeast Asia and two studies were conducted in high-income countries in Europe. Benefits for NSPs included personal application of mental health skills, elevated community status and increased social networks. Challenges include burnout, lack of career progression and difficult workplace environments. Findings indicate that while there were many positive impacts associated with NSPs’ work, challenges need to be addressed. Safety and harassment issues reported by female NSPs are especially urgent. Supervision, certifications, increased salaries and job stability were also recognized as significant opportunities. We recommend future intervention studies to collect data on the impact of intervention delivery on NSPs. Research is also needed on the impact of various supervision and health systems strategies on NSPs.