bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone in severe neurosurgical patients: A single center, retrospective study
Authors: Liao Xixian , Huang Haorun , Qiu Binghui , Chen Jiaping , Zhang An , Liang Haoxin , Huang Chuanping , Mei Fen , Mao Jian , Liu Fan , Jin Ming , Peng Xiaojie , Ma Haidie , Ding Wenjie , Qi Songtao , Bao Yun 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To explore the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) on inflammatory mediators, immune cells and prognosis in severe neurosurgical patients.

Methods
From August 2020 to June 2021, a total of 236 patients who admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit (NSICU) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into GH group (97 cases) and nGH group (139 cases) according to whether they received r-hGH treatment. Parameters including CD4+ T cell counts, inflammatory mediators and prognosis were recorded and assessed.

Results
The results showed that the cure time of pneumonia and intracranial infection in GH group patients was significantly shorter than in the nGH group (24.25 ± 4.89 days and 21.33 ± 1.53 days versus 29.13 ± 7.43 days and 25.17 ± 2.32 days, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in GOS scores between two groups (31.96% ≤ 3 and 68.04% > 3 vs 39.57% ≤ 3 and 60.43% > 3) (P = 0.232). Furthermore, the number of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in the GH group showed a significant upward trend. Last but not least, significant differences were also observed in IL-6 and IL-10 levels between two groups at days 1, 3, and 7.

Conclusion
The application of r-hGH in severe neurosurgical patients was effective in increasing the number of CD4+ T cells, down-regulating inflammatory mediators, shortening the cure time of pneumonia, intracranial infections and urinary tract infections, and improving patients’ prognosis.
Shifting temporal trends and disparities in sarcoidosis mortality in the United States: A retrospective analysis from 1999 to 2020
Authors: Raza Fatima Ali , Kumar Sumeet , Mohammad Ayesha , Amin Areej , Ahmad Farooq , Tousif Sohaib , Kamran Urwah , Sahab Lamea Bint , Ali Sajjad , Changez Mah I. Kan , Goyal Aman 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by granulomas, the etiology of which remains unclear. This study examines sarcoidosis-related mortality trends in the United States from 1999 to 2020, with a focus on disparities pertaining to patient sex, geographical location, and urbanization status.

Methods
We analyzed death certificate data from the CDC WONDER database, using ICD-10 code D86. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 1,000,000 people were calculated. Trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression models to determine annual percentage changes (APC).

Results
A total of 37,956 Sarcoidosis-related deaths were documented from 1999 to 2020 in the United States. The AAMR increased from 3.9 in 1999 to 6.4 in 2020. Significant mortality increases were observed from 1999–2001 and again from 2018–2020. Mortality rates were consistently higher among women compared to men. A significant difference in AAMR was observed across states, with highest mortality in the South region and lowest in the West region. Urbanization trends shifted from higher AAMR rates in metropolitan to non-metropolitan areas post-2018. Non-Hispanic Black individuals experienced the highest mortality rates throughout the study period.

Conclusions
This study highlights significant racial and geographic disparities in sarcoidosis-related mortality. Women, Black patients, and those residing in non-metropolitan areas are at the highest risk for Sarcoidosis associated mortality. Targeted public health interventions are required to address these prevalent disparities.
Determining the Accuracy and Interobserver Agreement of 4 Ultrasound Scores in Crohn's Disease Assessment: Correlations With Endoscopy
Authors: Qin Jing , Ma Li , Zhou Meng-Yuan , Li Wen-Bo , Xiao Meng-Su , Niu Zi-Han , Yang Hong , Zhu Qing-Li 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:
Gastrointestinal ultrasound (GIUS) is recommended for monitoring Crohn's disease (CD). GIUS scores are used to quantify CD activity. Among them, International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score (IBUS-SAS), Bowel Ultrasound Score (BUSS), Simple Ultrasound Score, and Simple Ultrasound Score for Crohn's Disease are most commonly used. The aim of this study was to compare and correlate the performance of such indicators with endoscopic activity and to calculate interobserver agreement.

METHODS:
Consecutive patients with CD at our hospital between June 2015 and July 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. All patients underwent ileocolonoscopy after medical treatment. GIUS was performed within 2 weeks, and 4 GIUS scores were independently calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used to determine a cutoff value. Cohen kappa (κ) coefficient was calculated to estimate the agreement between GIUS findings.

RESULTS:
A total of 106 patients with CD were enrolled. 80.2% (85/106) were endoscopic active (Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's disease ≥3), and 8.49% (9/106) were severe cases (Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's disease ≥9). All GIUS features (bowel wall thickness, color Doppler signs, bowel wall stratification, inflammatory signals at the mesentery) were statistically significant in assessing CD activity (P < 0.05). IBUS-SAS showed the highest area under the curve (0.98; 95% CI: 0.96–1.00) and specificity (95.2%) for a cutoff value of 46.50. However, IBUS-SAS had only moderate agreement (Cohen κ = 0.427; P < 0.001). BUSS had substantial interobserver agreement (Cohen κ = 0.947; P < 0.001), with a similar diagnostic value (sensitivity, 100.0%; accuracy, 95.3%; area under the curve of 0.96 [95% CI: 0.91–1.00] for a cutoff value of 4.58).

DISCUSSION:
GIUS score is an efficient and reliable method to assess CD activity. BUSS achieved a high accuracy and excellent interobserver agreement, which is more suitable for treatment assessment.
Primary exploration of the One Science integrated curriculum system construction
Authors: Pan Linmin , Gu Yabei , He Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Under the background of the explosion of knowledge, the rapid development of new technologies, and the new trend of globalization, the reform and development of college education and teaching courses are facing new challenges. The exploration of the top-notch innovative talent cultivation model based on the integrated One Science curriculum system urgently awaits reform. The One Science integrated curriculum system focuses on the integration of disciplines, breaking down disciplinary barriers, and aiming at cultivating students’ general understanding abilities and the innovative capabilities of future scientists. This paper introduces the necessity and reform practice exploration of the One Science integrated curriculum system, and further discusses the challenges and prospects of the integrated curriculum system reform.
Clinical manifestations and molecular genetics of seven patients with Niemann–Pick type-C: a case series with a novel variant
Authors: Kara Cemre , Köse Engin , Eminoğlu Fatma Tuba 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) is a rare, autosomal recessive, neurodegenerative disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes, leading to lysosomal lipid accumulation. NPC has an incidence of 1 in 100,000 live births and presents with a wide range of symptoms affecting visceral organs and the central nervous system. We aim to describe the diverse clinical presentations of NPC through case studies.

Case presentation
We report seven NPC patients from five families, showcasing the variability in clinical manifestations. The most common finding was hepatosplenomegaly (70 %), followed by prolonged jaundice (57 %) and neonatal cholestasis. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) was observed in three patients with biallelic pathogenic variants in the NPC2 gene. Neurological symptoms, including vertical gaze palsy and epilepsy, were noted in patients with juvenile onset form. Genetic analyses identified a novel homozygous c.315del (p.Thr106ProfsTer5) variant in the NPC2 gene, associated with early infantile onset.

Conclusions
NPC presents with diverse clinical findings across ages. Early hepatic symptoms in infants and neuropsychiatric issues in older patients warrant a high index of suspicion for NPC in such cases. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for patient management, and further research is needed to clarify genotype–phenotype relationships in NPC.
Selective HDAC8 inhibition by PCI-34051 attenuates inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma via miR-381-3p-TGFβ3 axis
Authors: Bai Shiyao , Su Xinming , Kong Delei , Feng Chenye , Zhang Xiaochun , Pan Ying , Zhao Jieyu , Sun Jiamin , Li Wenyang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) families regulate various physical processes and the development of several diseases. The role of HDACs in asthma development and progression worths further investigation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of HDACs in a mouse model of asthma.

Methods
HDAC8 selective inhibitor PCI-34051 was administered to a mouse model of ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged asthma. Airway responsiveness, serum cytokines, histological changes of the airway, and expression levels of α-SMA, β-actin, VEGFR, VEGF, GAPDH, HDAC8, TGF-β3, CD 105, p-ERK 1/2, ERK 1/2, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, and PDK1 were evaluated. The miR-381-3p level was also measured.

Results
All classic histologic and cellular changes of asthma in inflammation and airway remodeling were altered by HDAC8 inhibitor PCI-34051 via regulation of the miR-381-3p level and its downstream gene, TGF-β3. Inhibition of TGF-β3 further reduced the activation of ERK, PI3K, AKT, and PDK1.

Conclusion
In a mouse model, HDAC8 inhibitor PCI-34051 exhibits comprehensive control of asthmatic changes, including inflammation and airway remodeling.
A Notch signaling pathway-related gene signature: Characterizing the immune microenvironment and predicting prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shi Qingmiao , Jiang Shuwen , Zeng Yifan , Yuan Xin , Zhang Yaqi , Chu Qingfei , Xue Chen , Li Lanjuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Prior studies have highlighted an escalating global burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Notch signaling pathway regulates the initiation and development of HCC and determines the HCC prognosis.

Methods
The expression data of genes related to the Notch signaling pathway were acquired from public databases. To filter prognostic gene signatures and establish the risk model, the analyses of consensus clustering, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox were conducted. Subsequently, the risk stratification was optimized using a decision tree and nomogram. The immune landscapes were revealed utilizing the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion score.

Results
According to the mRNA expression profile of Notch signaling pathway-related genes, HCC patients were stratified to three clusters, which have different survival probability and immune infiltration characteristic. Subsequently, we developed a risk model based on five prognostic Notch signaling-related gene signatures (SPP1, SMG5, HMMR, PLOD2, and CFHR4). The model demonstrated an accurate estimation of overall survival, revealing alterations in immune status and immunotherapy sensitivity among HCC patients with different risk scores.

Conclusions
This study constructed a Notch signaling pathway-related prognostic model, offering valuable insights for the assessment of immune characteristics and immunotherapy responses in HCC patients.
Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: 2024 update
Authors: Tian Xinping , Wang Qian , Jiang Nan , Zhao Yan , Huang Cibo , Liu Yi , Xu Huji , Chen Yaolong , Wu Lijun , Xu Jian , Li Hongbing , Lu Liangjing , Lin Jin , Dai Lie , Li Fen , Jiang Zhenyu , Zheng Zhaohui , Shuai Zongwen , Xu Shengqian , Zhao Dongbao , Zhang Miaojia , Sun Yunlin , Liu Shengyun , Li Caifeng , Yang Pingting , Li Mengtao , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with destructive arthritis as its main clinical manifestation, which is a major cause of disability. It is very important to formulate and update a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of RA that adhere to international guideline development standards and can be applied to clinical practice in China. This guideline is endorsed and developed by the National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, collaborated with Rheumatologists Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Rheumatology Rehabilitation Branch of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Branch of Chinese Research Hospital Association, and Rheumatology Branch of Beijing Association of Holistic Integrative Medicine, based on grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) and reporting items for practice guidelines in healthcare (RIGHT). Evidence-based recommendation were developed for 10 clinical scenario that are most relevant to Chinese rheumatologists, aiming to improve and standardize the diagnosis and treatment of RA in China, which may finally improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients.
Análisis espacio temporal y determinación de la concentración de metales pesados en la laguna Yanamate, Cerro de Pasco, Perú
Authors: Cholan Edison , Menacho Ernesto 
Published: January 2025

The Yanamate lagoon was used for acid water discharge from 1981 to 2021, due to the mining activity of the Cerro S.AC mine, located in the province of Pasco, Pasco region. The objective of this research was to analyze the spatio-temporal variation of the water mirror of the Yanamate lagoon and to determine heavy metal concentrations. From Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, Landsat 8 OLI, Landsat 9 OLI satellite images, the modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) and the automated water extraction index without shading (AWEI_nsh) were calculated. These indices were used to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of the water mirror surface of the Yanamate lagoon, between the years 1985 and 2022, using the threshold segmentation method. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the Yanamate lagoon, comparing the concentrations determined with the threshold values of the environmental quality standards (ECA). The spatio-temporal analysis determined an irreversible decrease in the surface area of the Yanamate lagoon's water mirror. High concentrations of heavy metals were found in water and soil samples analyzed by ICP-MS, exceeding environmental quality standards (ECA). The soils and water analyzed are not suitable for agricultural use or for drinking by animals.
Invalid Vaccine Doses Among Children Aged 0 to 35 Months: 2011 to 2020
Authors: Albers Alexandria N. , Michels Sarah Y. , Daley Matthew F. , Glanz Jason M. , Newcomer Sophia R. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Vaccine doses provided outside the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for minimum and maximum ages of vaccination and minimum intervals between doses are considered invalid. Our objective was to quantify the prevalence of and factors associated with invalid doses among US children aged 0 to 35 months.

METHODS
We analyzed provider-verified vaccination records from the nationally representative 2011–2020 National Immunization Survey–Child. We quantified the number of children with at least 1 invalid vaccine dose overall, by survey year, and by vaccine type. Among children who received vaccine doses before the minimum age or minimum dose interval, we quantified the prevalence of receiving extra doses such that series were completed with the recommended number of valid doses. We used logistic regression models to identify factors associated with receipt of an invalid vaccination.

RESULTS
Of 161 187 children, 22 209 (weighted percent: 15.4%, 95% CI, 15.0%–15.8%) had an invalid vaccine dose. Of children with a minimum age or minimum interval invalid dose, 44.9% (95% CI, 43.2%–46.6%) received extra doses and completed the series. The highest prevalence of invalid doses was for 3-dose rotavirus (n = 5733, 4.4%), with the first dose being administered after the maximum age (n = 3996, 3.1%). Overall, the percentage of children with an invalid dose decreased from 2011 (16.9%) to 2020 (12.5%). Children who moved across state lines vs not (adjusted odds ratio: 1.5 [95% CI, 1.4–1.6]) had higher odds of an invalid vaccine dose.

CONCLUSIONS
Although invalid vaccine doses have decreased over time, many children with invalid doses lacked the doses necessary to complete a vaccine series.
Körkép és kórkép a hazai vezetők kompetenciáiról
Authors: Durugy András , Durugy Anna , Szabó Edina , Gál Dóra , Kővágó Pál , Kollár Péter 
Published: January 2025

Háttér és célkitűzések: A vezetői kompetenciák vizsgálata alulkutatott terület, a rendelkezésre álló szakirodalom sokkal inkább a vezetői személyiségdimenziókra fókuszál, kevéssé a vezetői kompetenciákra. Hasonlóképpen kevés forrás áll rendelkezésünkre a köz- és versenyszféra vezetőivel kapcsolatosan. Jelen vizsgálatban arra vállalkoztunk, hogy összehasonlítsuk a közép- és felső vezetők, valamint a köz- és versenyszféra vezetőinek kompetenciáit. Feltételeztük, hogy a versenyszféra vezetői nagyobb önállósággal jellemezhetőbbek, míg a közszféra vezetőire inkább végrehajtó kompetenciák jellemzőek. Módszer: Vizsgálatunkban 303 felső és középvezető adatait elemeztük 19 szervezetnél (11 a versenyszférában, 8 a közszférában működik). A vezetői kompetenciák mérésére a CAPTain Analízis & Szubjektív Kompetenciatesztet használtuk, amelynek 11 kompetenciadimenziója mentén hasonlítottuk össze a vezetői szint és a szféra közötti különbségeket. Eredmények: Szignifikáns különbséget találtunk a felső és középvezetők között Önállóság, Vezetői stílus, Delegálás, Befolyásolás, Aktuális vezetői képesség, valamint az Önbizalom kompetenciadimenzióiban. A felsorolt dimenziókban a felső vezetők magasabb pontszámot értek el. Szignifikáns különbségeket találtunk a köz- és versenyszféra vezetői közötti is: a versenyszféra vezetői magasabb Önállóság, Delegálás, Befolyásolás, Aktuális vezetői képesség és Önbizalom kompetencia-pontszámokat értek el, mint a közszféra vezetői. Következtetések: Eredményeink alapján elmondható, hogy a felső vezetőkre jellemzőbb, hogy munkájukat általánosabb irányelvek mentén, magabiztosabban végzik, míg a középvezetők nagyobb igényt mutatnak a konkrét instrukciókra. A versenyszféra vezetőire hasonló profil jellemző, ráadásul párhuzam vonható a versenyszféra közép- és a közszféra felső vezetői között.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as a method for diagnosing benign ovarian formations in pregnant women
Authors: Fatkullina D. A. , Musin I. I. , Yashchuk A. G. , Gareev E. M. 
Published: January 2025

Aim: to study the spectral characteristics of blood plasma in pregnant women with benign ovarian formations (OF).Materials and Methods. A retrospective study conducted between 2021 and 2023 included 100 pregnant women aged 18 to 45 years. Two groups were identified: group 1 (main group) included 50 pregnant women with OF, group 2 (control group) included 50 pregnant women with normal pregnancy. Using the method of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), we determined and assessed the spectral features typical to OF, which are necessary for differential diagnosis of this pregnancy-related pathology.Results. Prominent inter-group differences in spectral intensities were revealed: OF was associated with significantly increased intensity of spectral peaks at 491 nm, 596 nm, 632 nm, 808 nm, 886 nm, 1132 nm and decreased intensity at the peaks of 725 nm and 1440 nm observed compared to control group. After OF removal, spectral pattern restored to near complete compliance with the spectral pattern observed in control group of pregnant women.Conclusion. The isolated and analyzed spectral features demonstrated an opportunity of using SERS in diagnosing OF in pregnant women.
Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) and Trifocal Lenses: Advantages and Disadvantages. What Determines the Choice of Optical Correction? Review
Authors: Fursova A. Zh. , Atamanenko A. A. 
Published: January 2025

The purpose: to compare the results of studies on intraocular lenses (IOLs) with extended depth of focus (EDOF) and trifocal intraocular lenses (THIOLs).Methods. The comparative analysis was conducted based on data from meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and randomized clinical trials. The electronic databases used were PubMed and Elibrary. The most commonly analyzed characteristics were postoperative refraction, visual acuity, optical aberrations, contrast sensitivity, visual quality, and dependence on glasses.Results. THIOL has significant advantages over EDOF in terms of postoperative refraction and visual acuity. This is demonstrated by a significantly lower postoperative residual spherical correction and spherical equivalent. There was no significant difference in postoperative astigmatism between the two groups. The analysis of visual acuity and eyeglass independence shows the advantages of EDOF for medium distances and THIOL for close distances. Some researchers prefer a combination of these two IOL types to achieve maximum results. Published data on optical phenomena indicate a higher number of dysphotopsias in the THIOL group. However, research results are highly contradictory due to their heterogeneity. A significant decrease in contrast sensitivity was observed in all groups for both photopic and mesopic conditions. Nevertheless, EDOF showed an advantage at lower spatial frequencies. In terms of satisfaction with the results obtained after surgery, there were no significant differences between the two groups of intraocular lenses (IOLs), as all patients reported a high level of satisfaction.Conclusion. Binocular implantation of a THIOL can provide greater independence from glasses and good vision at medium and short distances. However, patients should be aware of a possible decrease in contrast sensitivity and visual quality, especially at night, which may be accompanied by discomfort while driving. If more activity is required at intermediate distances in daily life, the choice of an EDOF IOL is crucial, and the patient may not require additional eyeglasses for closerange work if necessary. In clinical practice, knowing the characteristics of an IOL helps meet patient expectations and achieve high levels of satisfaction.