bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Newly Diagnosed HIV/AIDS
Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Changing Trends Over 16 Years
Authors: Zerdali Esra , Nakir Inci Yilmaz , Sayili Uğurcan , Sürme Serkan , Yildırım Mustafa 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the epidemiological profile and clinical findings of newly diagnosed
HIV-infected patients in terms of changing trends over 16 years.

Methods:
A total of 748 patients (mean ± SD age: 34 ± 11.6 years, 88.9% were males) newly diagnosed
with HIV/AIDS at a tertiary care hospital located in Istanbul province between 2002 and 2017
were included in this retrospective study. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, potential routes
of transmission, the reason for HIV testing, time from diagnosis to treatment onset, and the HIV RNA
values and CD4+ T cell count (at diagnosis and treatment onset) were recorded in each patient and
compared between the diagnoses made within the 2002-2009 (n = 141) vs. 2010-2017 (n = 607) periods.

Results:
When compared to HIV diagnoses within the 2002-2009 period, the diagnoses made within
the 2010-2017 period were associated with a significantly higher percentage of males (78.7 vs. 91.3%,
p < 0.001), 18-29 years age group (23.6% vs. 35.5%, p = 0.029), singles (34.0 vs. 49.6%, p = 0.004),
university graduates (9.9 vs. 23.4%, p < 0.001) and students (0.7 vs. 8.2%, p < 0.001) along with an
increased likelihood of voluntary testing (6.4 vs. 15.2%, p = 0.048) and a lower percentage of heterosexual
individuals (63.8 vs. 47.0%, p < 0.001). Sexual contact (88.0%) was the leading transmission
route, and the presence of complaints (44.3%) was the leading reason for HIV testing. Overall, the
time from diagnosis to treatment onset was a median 1 month (range, 1 to 97 months), and the median
HIV RNA level at the time of diagnosis was 208065 copies/mL with no significant difference between
study periods. The diagnoses within the 2010-2017 vs. 2002-2009 period were associated with
significantly higher median(min-max) CD4+ T cell counts (378(0-2522) vs. 319(4-1270) cells/mm3, p
< 0.001) and a lower percentage of patients with CD4+ T cell count < 200 cells/mm3 (22.1 vs. 39.0%,
p = 0.002) at the time of diagnosis.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our findings on the epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of
newly diagnosed HIV patients over 16 years (2002-2017) in a tertiary care center in Turkey revealed
a considerable increase in the number of new diagnoses, an improved earlier diagnosis and a change
in epidemiologic profile over the years with increased likelihood of disease to be more commonly
diagnosed among males, 18-29 years age group and MSM.
GEOESPACIALIZAÇÃO DA COVID-19 NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPINA GRANDE-PB COM BASE NA MOBILIDADE POPULACIONAL DAS REGIÕES DE INFLUÊNCIA DAS CIDADES (REGIC)
Authors: Honório Bianca Amaral , Santos Laércio Leal dos , Nunes Francisco Miqueias Sousa , Cezario Janaína Aparecida , Machado Ana Sabrina Barbosa , Paiva William de 
Published: January 2023

O coronavírus apresentou uma tendência de disseminação nas grandes cidades, ocasionada devido a intensa circulação de pessoas, gerando uma intensa preocupação para a humanidade. Nos grandes centros urbanos, o vírus encontra facilidade de se dispersar devido a mobilidade populacional, em grande parte, devido a questões de saúde, comércio, entre outras. Para atender as necessidades de dados de evolução da COVID-19 na cidade de Campina Grande-PB foi utilizado o conceito de Regiões de Influência das Cidades (REGICs) desenvolvido pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), o qual analisa o deslocamento populacional entre as cidades que desenvolvem uma ligação entre usos específicos. Com isso, objetivou-se com o estudo, geoespacializar a COVID-19 no município de Campina Grande com base na mobilidade populacional das REGICs. Por meio do ambiente SIG, os dados disponibilizados pelas secretarias estaduais de saúde foram espacializados através da organização em planilhas eletrônicas do Excel, possibilitando a elaboração de gráficos com o auxílio do software R-studio. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a evolução da COVID-19 no Estado da Paraíba, mais precisamente na cidade de Campina Grande-PB teve como principal caminho de disseminação a BR-230, que interliga o estado da Paraíba - PB do litoral ao sertão No período analisado, os casos confirmados se intensificaram no sertão e no agreste com as cidades de Patos e Campina Grande, respectivamente, ambas no estado da Paraíba, atingindo os municípios vizinhos, que dependem principalmente de serviços médico-hospitalares, comércio, educação, dentre outros.
Implementation of Contextual Learning In Improving Early Children's Cognitive Ability
Authors: Loka Novita , Diana Raden Rachmy , Wafa Muhammad Sirril 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK. Kemampuan kognitif anak usia dini saat ini menurun. Hal ini didukung berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah kurangnya penggunaan pembelajaran yang inovatif yang mampu mengembangkan berbagai aspek perkembangan anak, khususnya ada kemampuan kognitif anak.. Pembelajaran yang bisa digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak adalah pembelajaran kontekstual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan kognitif anak pada pembelajaran kontestual di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al-Ittifaqiah Indralaya. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpul data yakni observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan subjek penelitian anak usia 5-6 tahun di kelas B Maria al-Qibty Taman Kanak-kanak Islam al-Ittifaqiah Indralaya. Sedangkan analisa data yang digunakan dengan pendekatan Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif anak meningkat pada pembelajaran kontekstual ini. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan beberapa indikator kemampuan kognitif anak seperti meningkatnya kemampuan memecahkan masalah sederhana, memahami konsep sains dan konsep bilangan. Anak yang semula tidak mengetahui warna dan bentuk, ketika dilaksanakan pembelajaran kontekstual mulai memahami warna dan bentuk tersebut.Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Kontekstual, Kemampuan Kognitif, Anak Usia diniABSTRACTCognitive abilities in early childhood are currently declining. This is supported by various factors, one of which is the lack of use of innovative learning that can develop various aspects of children's development, especially children's cognitive abilities. Learning that can be used to improve children's cognitive abilities is contextual learning. This study aims to determine the cognitive abilities of children in contextual learning at Al-Ittifaqiah Islamic Kindergarten Indralaya. This research is a descriptive qualitative type with data collectors namely observation, interviews, and documentation with research subjects aged 5-6 years in class B Maria al-Qibty Islamic Kindergarten al-Ittifaqiah Indralaya. While the data analysis used the Miles and Huberman approach. The results showed that children's cognitive abilities increased in this contextual learning. This is evidenced by several indicators of children's cognitive abilities such as the increased ability to solve simple problems and understand science concepts and number concepts. Children who initially do not know colors and shapes, when contextual learning is carried out, begin to understand these colors and shapes.Keywords: Contextual Learning, Cognitive Ability, Early Childhood
Application of The Ummi Method for Early Childhood at Baiturrahman’s School Ampenan
Authors: Rohayani Farida , Indira Astriya Baiq Roni 
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis metode pembelajaran Al-Qur’an dan mendeskripsikan penerapan metode Ummi pada pembelajaran Al-Qur’an untuk anak usia dini di PAUD Baiturrahman Pejeruk Ampenan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus (case study) dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di PAUD Baiturrahman menggunakan metode Ummi untuk mengajarkan al-Qur’an pada anak usia dini. Hal ini didasarkan karena metode Ummi mempunyai kelebihan dibandingkan dengan metode-metode yang lain, misalnya metode Ummi lebih menarik untuk diajarkan, mudah dan serta nyaman dalam proses pembelajarannya. Selain itu juga dalam metode Ummi penekanannya dalam nada dengan memakai irama, pembelajarannya menggunakan media ajar yakni buku (kitab khusus jilid 1-7 dan buku pendukung lainnya) dan juga ada pembelajaran lanjutan jika sudah menyelesaikan jilid 6, yakni Ghoribul Qur’an dan Buku Tajwid. Kata Kunci : Metode Ummi, Anak Usia Dini. ABSTRACT. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the types of Al-Qur'an learning methods and describing the application of the Ummi method to Al-Qur'an learning for early childhood in PAUD Baiturrahman Pejeruk Ampenan. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that in PAUD Baiturrahman used the Ummi method to teach the Qur'an to early childhood. This is based on the fact that the Ummi method has advantages compared to other methods, for example the Ummi method is more interesting to teach, easy and comfortable in the learning process. In addition, in the Ummi method the emphasis is on tone by using rhythm, learning uses teaching media, namely books (special books volumes 1-7 and other supporting books) and there is also further learning if you have completed volume 6, namely Ghoribul Qur'an and Tajweed Books. Keyword : Ummi Method, Early Childhood.
Evaluation of Water Quality by Benthic Macroinvertebrate at the Jukjeon Stream in Korea
Authors: Huh Man Kyu , Lee Hak Young 
Published: January 2023

This work was studied to investigate the water quality of the Jukjeon stream in Korea based on benthic macroinvertebrates. Several ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate community were used in the estimation of stream from each of the three stations of the sub-watersheds. During the study periods, the results showed a total of 619 individual benthic macroinvertebrates were collected, including 23 families and 44 species. The first dominant species was Culicini sp. and second was Baetis fuscatus. Ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate community (ESB) was varied from 61 (St. D) to 71 (St. A) with a mean of 66.5. Water quality at the Jukjeon Stream was grade I. The values of benthic macroinvertebrate index (BMI) at St. A and St. B were 60.4 and 53.4, respectively. Water quality at the two stations was grade C (moderate) on the based BMI. The values of BMI at St. C and St. D were 45.5 and 39.6, respectively. Water quality at the two stations was grade D (bad). The Shannon diversity index (H') of diversity was varied from 3.76 (St. A) to 4.18 (St. B) with a mean of 4.05. The rank percentages of species based on individual abundance (RI) were 4.84 (St. A), 5.66 (St. B), 6.31 (St. C), and 5.97 (St. D). Evenness indices (J) were varied from 0.79 (St. C) to 0.84 (St. B). The values of EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Tricoptera) at St. A, St. B, St. C, and St. D were 0.56, 0.48, 0.29, and 0.17 with a mean of 0.37, respectively. The EPT group accounted for 37% of the total species and 53% of the total individuals. The diversity and richness indices were lower in St. A than in the other stations. In this study, rapid assessment of water quality by macroinvertebrate indicators involves effort and reduced cost in natural stream evaluation.
Uji kualitas dan kuantitas tanaman jewawut (setaria italic) di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia Kabupaten Maros
Authors: Turrahmi Mawadda , Nurhidayani Nurhidayani , Hasyimuddin Hasyimuddin , Pabendon Marcia Bunga 
Published: January 2023

Jewawut adalah tanaman ekonomi minor namun memiliki nilai kandungan gizi yang mirip dengan tanaman pangan lainnya seperti padi, jagung, dan tanaman biji-bijian yang lain karena tanaman jewawut sendiri tergolong ke dalam jenis tanaman serealia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Molekular Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia Maros yang dimulai pada bulan Februari sampai Maret 2019. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah daun jewawut usia 15 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekstraksi dan isolasi DNA, uji kualitas dan kuantitas DNA. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan Fragmen DNA pada sampel 22a, 24a, 24b, 26a, 26b dan 28a memiliki warna yang paling terang sesuai dengan λ 300. Sedangkan pada sampel 22b, 23a, 25a dan 29b memiliki tingkat keceraha yang sama dengan λ 200. Pada sampel 23b, 25b, 28b dan 29a memiliki tingkat kecerahan sama dengan λ100, selebihnya adalah sempel dengan nomor 21a dan 21 b memiliki tingkat kecerahan yang sama dengan λ 50. Nilai kemurnian yang paling tinggi terdapat pada sampel 25b dengan konsentrasi 214 dan nilai kemurniannya sebesar 1.562. Sedangkan nilai kemurnian yang paling rendah terdapat pada sampel 21a dengan konsentrasi 209 dan titik kemurniannya 1.096.
Kegiatan impor komoditi pertanian di wilayah kerja Pelabuhan Laut Soekarno Hatta BBKP Makassar Tahun 2021
Authors: Riska Riska , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Harnita Rita 
Published: January 2023

Kegiatan impor komoditas pangan oleh pemerintah dilakukan untuk memenuhi cadangan pangan nasional yang tidak mencukupi kebutuhan masyarakat. Dalam proses tersebut, sering ditemukan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT) pada pangan impor yang seharusnya dikarantina terlebih dahulu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prosedur persyaratan karantina tumbuhan untuk impor tumbuhan dan produk tumbuhan dari luar wilayah negara Indonesia, serta mengetahui jenis komoditi, negara tujuan impor pada tahun 2021, dan jenis OPTK. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi partisipatif dengan melihat proses impor di lapangan secara langsung, dokumentasi dan analisis data komoditas pertanian menggunakan ms. excel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, ditemukan 12 jenis komoditi impor dari berbagai negara, meliputi 5 jenis dengan variasi OPTK, dan 7 jenis tanpa OPTK. Hasil ini menjadi acuan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut ke setiap komoditi impor yang akan masuk ke wilayah Indonesia, khususnya di Sulawesi Selatan.
Artificial Intelligence (AI): The New Look of Customer Service in a Cybersecurity World
Authors: Burton Sharon L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cybersecurity leaders are not adequately developed to guide the re-engineering of quality customer service (QCS) workflows, designed with automation and AI, that interrelate with people through customers' perceptions. Realizing re-engineering processes should be a team effort with well-versed leadership and stakeholders guiding the successful design through a follow-up process. Leaders must shape compelling and straightforward needs to learn and teach employees and chat boxes indispensable customer service skills demonstrating patience, self-discipline, flexibility, and resourcefulness in communication with irritated customers or difficult circumstances. Whether the analysis, design, development, and implementation struggles are vacuums in cybersecurity knowledge, skill, and abilities or a dearth of budget and resource limits, creating thorough QSC workflows and training requires time and purpose. This knowledge must be proactively, not reactively built. QSC re-engineering epitomizes a shift from reactionary behaviors to proactively preparing a well-defined collection of intends, activities, and aims delineating how organizations will contend through products and services. This article should benefit respondents absorbed in the success of updating and implementing QCS actions and workflows, practitioners who guide direct customer services initiatives, enterprise governance strategists, QCS and machine learning trainers, and learners who want to know more about QCS swathed in cybersecurity.
The Miller–Modigliani dividend irrelevance theory as a warning for investors looking for quick profits from investments in companies paying dividends
Authors: Kowerski Mieczysław , Haniewska Laura 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In 1961, Miller and Modigliani (M–M) published a dividend irrelevance theory, which shows that the payment of dividends does not make any changes to the value of the company. The assumption about the existence of the perfect market made by M–M became the basis for a common criticism of the theory, and the critics also tried to empirically prove that dividend payments have a positive effect on future stock prices. A different interpretation was presented by Damodaran (2007), who stated that a dividend is a compensation for lost capital gains on the first day without a dividend. The aim of the article is to verify the M-M theory according to the Damodaran approach based on the data of companies listed on the WSE in 2019–2021. For this purpose the calculations of the total rate of return on investments consisting in the purchase of shares at the end of the cum-dividend day and the sale of these shares at the end of the ex-dividend day were carried out. Then, the average values of the total rates of return in each of the three years were calculated and using the Student’s t-test it was examined whether the average of one-session rate of return is insignificantly different from zero. If so, it would mean that the dividend irrelevance theory is correct. In 2019 and 2021, the average total rates of return turned out to be statistically insignificant, which supports the M—M theory. The negative significant value of the average in 2020 may result from the COVID-19. The M–M theory perceived in this way can be a warning to investors looking for “quick profits” and trying to apply the strategy of buying dividend stocks at the cum-dividend day and selling them at the ex-dividend day.
Human-Machine Shared Situational Awareness
Authors: Grujdin Ion 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As unmanned platforms are more and more present in battlefield, alongside humans, in different configurations (from tele-operated to fully autonomous platforms, manned-unmanned teaming, swarming, etc.) and domains (space, air, land, sea, and underwater), it is also necessary for decision-making process to adapt to this new reality. This process will no longer be exclusively human and this requires that humans and machines share a common, meaningful, and timely understanding of the context in which they act and interact, namely a common situational awareness. We will investigate how this objective could be achieved by means of AI-related techniques of inference and reasoning based on ontologies that will enable all levels of information sharing (data, knowledge, and models) among all participants, humans and non-humans. The success of this undertaking shall be reflected by the achievement of a high level of interoperability between heterogeneous entities, within which they will be able to take advantage of each other’s best developed abilities.
Estimation of density log and sonic log using artificial intelligence: an example from the Perth Basin, Australia
Authors: Adhari Muhammad Ridha , Kardawi Muhammad Yusuf 
Published: January 2023

It is well understood that with a large number of data, an excellent interpretation of the subsurface condition can be produced, and also our understandings of the subsurface conditions can be improved significantly. However, having abundant subsurface geological and petrophysical data sometimes may not be possible, mainly due to budget issues. This situation can generate issues during hydrocarbon exploration and/or development activities.
In this paper, the authors tried to apply artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to estimate outcomes values of particular wireline log data, using available petrophysic data. Two types of AI were selected and these are artificial neural network (ANN), and multiple linear regression (MLR). This research aims to advance our understanding of AI and its application in geology. There are three objectives of this study: (1) to estimate sonic log (DT) and density log (RhoB) using different types of AI (ANN and MLR); (2) to assess the best AI technique that can be used to estimate certain wireline log data; and (3) to compare the estimated wireline log values with the real, recorded values from the subsurface.
Findings from this study show that ANN consistently provided a better accuracy percentage compared to MLR when estimating density log (RhoB). While using different set of data and technique, estimation of sonic log (DT) produced different accuracy level. Moreover, crossplot validation of the results show that the results from ANN analysis produced higher trendline reliability (R2) and correlation coefficient (R) than the results from MLR analysis. Comparison of the estimated RhoB and DT log data with the original recorded data shows minor mismatch. This is evident that AI technique can be a reliable solution to estimate particular outcomes of wireline log data, due to limited availability of the original recorded subsurface petrophysic data. It is expected that these findings would provide new insights into the application of AI in geology, and encourage the readers to explore and expand the many possibilities of the application of AI in geology.
Risk Management at the Informal Economy Cutback (the Example of the Republic of Uzbekistan)
Authors: Pinskaya M. R. , Shatalov S. D. , Ponomareva K. A. 
Published: January 2023

The paper analyzes ways of the informal economy cutback in the Republic of Uzbekistan, used in the tax sphere. The purpose of the study is to summarize the tax measures to solve this problem. During past few years, there have been taken certain steps in this direction, such as concessions for small businesses in catering, reducing the turnover tax rate in the real estate business, holding large-circulation “check” lotteries with valuable prizes, bringing construction industry workers into the legal field, digitalization of tax administration. According to the authors, the proposed tools correspond both to the practices characteristic of foreign experience and to the conditions peculiarities for making business in Uzbekistan. Also, the authors identified some directions for improving the state tax policy in counteracting the spread of the informal economy: focusing on reducing cash turnover through the use of tax deductions for personal income tax and VAT refunds on purchases; the overall tax culture development; digitalization of the tax reporting procedure; improving a legal status the regulation of the self-employed citizens; initiation of a single tax account mechanism. The scientific novelty lies in the research methodology. Based on a comparative legal analysis, the experience of various countries is used to illustrate the features of tax measures applied in practice to reduce the informal economy. The authors assume the theoretical results of the work will embody in proposals for improving the national tax legislation and will improve the Russian economic and legal doctrine, as well as the level of legal research within the EAEU and the CIS.
Использование видеоматериалов на уроках английского языка
Authors: Muradaliyeva Leyla A 
Published: January 2023

В последние годы использование видео уроков и аутентичных видеоматериалов с целью повышения уровня коммуникативной компетенции, а также мотивации студентов становится актуальным направлением в методике преподавания языков. Интеграция видеоматериалов в учебную программу способствует постижению иноязычной действительности и приобщению студентов к социо-культурным ценностям народа-носителя языка. Практика показывает, что в случаи постоянного использования видеоматериалов на уроке английского языка развивается рече-мысленная деятельность студентов.