bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managing Airfares Under Competition: Insights from a Field Experiment
Authors: Cohen Maxime C. , Jacquillat Alexandre , Serpa Juan Camilo , Benborhoum Michael 
Published: January 2023

Airfares evolve dynamically, giving rise to a so-called price path. This price path is controlled via two levers: (i) a fare ladder, which defines a set of airfares before the selling season, and (ii) revenue management algorithms, which control how fares evolve along the ladder during the season. We hypothesize that the current policies to control both levers—which do not account for quality differences between competing airlines—give rise to an inefficient price path and, accordingly, a loss of potential revenue. We substantiate this hypothesis via a field experiment. By partnering with an airline, we introduced quality considerations in the design of fare ladders, across 5,000 itineraries, to show that current ladder-design policies indeed lead to a suboptimal price path. We also show that this inefficiency can be mitigated by incorporating quality differences between competing airlines. This creates a smoother (and more profitable) price path. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Managing Queues with Reentrant Customers in Support of Hybrid Healthcare
Authors: Zychlinski Noa 
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly boosted the use of hybrid healthcare settings, which orchestrate face-to-face services together with virtual ones. The advantages of virtual healthcare services are clear: they are less costly and less disruptive for patients who can receive the service in the comfort of their home and reduce patients’ exposure to illnesses prevalent in healthcare facilities. Nevertheless, there is evidence that patients are likely to require a supplementary in-person service upon completion of their virtual service. Motivated by such settings, we study a multiservice queueing system with face-to-face, virtual, and supplementary service channels. The service operator needs to allocate service capacity among the three classes and decide how to prioritize the patients when a service provider becomes available. The strong dependency between virtual and supplementary visits makes the problem challenging. Based on a fluid relaxation, we develop an index-based policy, the [Formula: see text] rule (or the [Formula: see text] rule in short), which, in addition to the holding cost, service time, abandonment rate, and service reward, also carefully balances the return probability and associated penalty. The theoretical results along with numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed policy and the importance of capacity coordination when managing hybrid service settings. Our work provides insights on the trade-off between convenience and the value of care when offering virtual healthcare services. History: This paper has been accepted for the Service Science/Stochastic Systems Joint Special Issue. Funding: The author was supported in part by an Israel Science Foundation [Grant 277/21] and the Israel National Institute for Health Policy Research [Grant 2021/160/R].
Para Além do Moinho de Gastar Gentes
Authors: Alves da Cunha José Ronaldo , Máximo Antonio 
Published: January 2023

Em homenagem aos 100 de nascimento de Darcy Ribeiro, José Ronaldo Alves da Cunha, presidente da Fundação Darcy Ribeiro celebra a memória de um intelectual, educador e ativista incansável na missão de “colocar as ideias no chão do mundo”, em um pequeno relato memorialístico, em tom pessoal e gentil como convém a um velho amigo. A este se acresce a sempre instigante ilustração do artista/cartunista Antônio Máximo. Para além do fato de que Darcy muito contribuiu para a melhoria das condições de educação e trabalho na UERJ, uma homenagem à sua figura questionadora parece o ponto de partida apropriado, em uma Edição dedicada às inquietações e problematizações que o gesto de celebrar e relembrar desperta.
Decreased Peli1 expression attenuates osteoarthritis by protecting chondrocytes and inhibiting M1-polarization of macrophages
Authors: Mo Haokun , Wang Zhenggang , He Zhiyi , Wan Junlai , Lu Rui , Wang Chenwen , Chen Anmin , Cheng Peng 
Published: January 2023

Aims Pellino1 (Peli1) has been reported to regulate various inflammatory diseases. This study aims to explore the role of Peli1 in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis (OA), so as to find new targets for the treatment of OA. Methods After inhibiting Peli1 expression in chondrocytes with small interfering RNA (siRNA), interleukin (IL)-1β was used to simulate inflammation, and OA-related indicators such as synthesis, decomposition, inflammation, and apoptosis were detected. Toll-like receptor (TLR) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway were detected. After inhibiting the expression of Peli1 in macrophages Raw 264.7 with siRNA and intervening with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the polarization index of macrophages was detected, and the supernatant of macrophage medium was extracted as conditioned medium to act on chondrocytes and detect the apoptosis index. The OA model of mice was established by destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) surgery, and adenovirus was injected into the knee cavity to reduce the expression of Peli1. The degree of cartilage destruction and synovitis were evaluated by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Safranin O/Fast Green staining, and immunohistochemistry. Results In chondrocytes, knockdown of Peli1 produced anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by targeting the TLR and NF-κB signalling pathways. We found that in macrophages, knockdown of Peli1 can inhibit M1-type polarization of macrophages. In addition, the corresponding conditioned culture medium of macrophages applied to chondrocytes can also produce an anti-apoptotic effect. During in vivo experiments, the results have also shown that knockdown Peli1 reduces cartilage destruction and synovial inflammation. Conclusion Knockdown of Peli1 has a therapeutic effect on OA, which therefore makes it a potential therapeutic target for OA. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(2):121–132.
Proximal humerus fractures – epidemiology, comparison of mortality rates after surgical versus non-surgical treatment, and analysis of risk factors based on Medicare registry data
Authors: Walter Nike , Szymski Dominik , Kurtz Steven M. , Lowenberg David W. , Alt Volker , Lau Edmund , Rupp Markus 
Published: January 2023

Aims The optimal choice of management for proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) has been increasingly discussed in the literature, and this work aimed to answer the following questions: 1) what are the incidence rates of PHF in the geriatric population in the USA; 2) what is the mortality rate after PHF in the elderly population, specifically for distinct treatment procedures; and 3) what factors influence the mortality rate? Methods PHFs occurring between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2019 were identified from the Medicare physician service records. Incidence rates were determined, mortality rates were calculated, and semiparametric Cox regression was applied, incorporating 23 demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic covariates, to compare the mortality risk between treatments. Results From 2009 to 2019, the incidence decreased by 11.85% from 300.4 cases/100,000 enrollees to 266.3 cases/100,000 enrollees, although this was not statistically significant (z = -1.47, p = 0.142). In comparison to matched Medicare patients without a PHF, but of the same five-year age group and sex, a mean survival difference of -17.3% was observed. The one-year mortality rate was higher after nonoperative treatment with 16.4% compared to surgical treatment with 9.3% (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23 to 1.36; p < 0.001) and to shoulder arthroplasty with 7.4% (HR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.58; p < 0.001). Statistically significant mortality risk factors after operative treatment included age older than 75 years, male sex, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, a concomitant fracture, congestive heart failure, and osteoporotic fracture. Conclusion Mortality risk factors for distinct treatment modes after PHF in elderly patients could be identified, which may guide clinical decision-making. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(2):103–112.
High-precision detection method for an object edge based on a position-sensitive detector
Authors: Zhai Yusheng , Zhao Yiheng , Yan Saisai , Zhang Zhifeng , Geng Lijie , Zhang Ruiliang , Yang Kun , Kuang Cuifang 
Published: January 2023

The paper proposed and verified a method of object edge detection based on the innovative defect spot working mode of the position-sensitive detector (PSD). With the output characteristics of the PSD in the defect spot mode and the size transformation properties of a focused beam, edge-detection sensitivity could be improved. Calibration experiments with the piezoelectric transducer (PZT) and object edge-detection experiments indicate that the object edge-detection sensitivity and accuracy of our method could reach 1 and 20 nm, respectively. Therefore, this method can be widely used in high-precision alignment, geometric parameters measurement, and other fields.
Smoothing tool design and performance during subaperture glass polishing
Authors: Suratwala T. , Tham G. , Steele R. , Wong L. , Menapace J. , Ray N. , Bauman B. 
Published: January 2023

During subaperture tool grinding and polishing, overlaps of the tool
influence function can result in undesirable mid-spatial frequency
(MSF) errors in the form of surface ripples, which are often corrected
using a smoothing polishing step. In this study, flat multi-layer
smoothing polishing tools are designed and tested to simultaneously
(1) reduce or remove MSF errors, (2) minimize surface
figure degradation, and (3) maximize the material removal rate.
A time-dependent convergence model in which spatial material removal
varies with a workpiece-tool height mismatch, combined with a finite
element mechanical analysis to determine the interface contact
pressure distribution, was developed to evaluate various smoothing
tool designs as a function of tool material properties, thicknesses,
pad textures, and displacements. An improvement in smoothing tool
performance is achieved when the gap pressure constant, h¯ (which describes the inverse rate at
which the pressure drops with a workpiece-tool height mismatch), is
minimized for smaller spatial scale length surface features (namely,
MSF errors) and maximized for large spatial scale length features
(i.e., surface figure). Five specific smoothing tool designs
were experimentally evaluated. A two-layer smoothing tool using a
thin, grooved IC1000 polyurethane pad (with a high elastic modulus, Epad=360MPa), thicker blue foam (with an
intermediate modulus, Efoam=5.3MPa) underlayer, and an optimized
displacement (d
t
=1mm) provided the best overall
performance (namely, high MSF error convergence, minimal surface
figure degradation, and high material removal rate).
Metacognitive therapy home-based self-help for anxiety and depression in cardiovascular disease patients in the UK: A single-blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wells Adrian , Reeves David , Heal Calvin , Fisher Peter , Doherty Patrick , Davies Linda , Heagerty Anthony , Capobianco Lora 
Published: January 2023

Background
Anxiety and depression in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) are associated with greater morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Current psychological interventions within CR have small effects based on low-quality studies of clinic-based interventions with limited access to home-based psychological support. We tested the effectiveness of adding self-help metacognitive therapy (Home-MCT) to CR in reducing anxiety and depression in a randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Methods and findings
We ran a single-blind, multi-centre, two-arm RCT. A total of 240 CR patients were recruited from 5 NHS-Trusts across North West England between April 20, 2017 and April 6, 2020. Patients were randomly allocated to Home-MCT+CR (n = 118, 49.2%) or usual CR alone (n = 122, 50.8%). Randomisation was 1:1 via randomised blocks within hospital site, balancing arms on sex and baseline Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores. The primary outcome was the HADS total score at posttreatment (4-month follow-up). Follow-up data collection occurred between August 7, 2017 and July 20, 2020. Analysis was by intention to treat. The 4-month outcome favoured the MCT intervention group demonstrating significantly lower end of treatment scores (HADS total: adjusted mean difference = −2.64 [−4.49 to −0.78], p = 0.005, standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.38). Sensitivity analysis using multiple imputation (MI) of missing values supported these findings. Most secondary outcomes also favoured Home-MCT+CR, especially in reduction of post-traumatic stress symptoms (SMD = 0.51). There were 23 participants (19%) lost to follow-up in Home-MCT+CR and 4 participants (3%) lost to follow-up in CR alone. No serious adverse events were reported. The main limitation is the absence of longer term (e.g., 12-month) follow-up data.

Conclusion
Self-help home-based MCT was effective in reducing total anxiety/depression in patients undergoing CR. Improvement occurred across most psychological measures. Home-MCT was a promising addition to cardiac rehabilitation and may offer improved access to effective psychological treatment in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients.

Trial registration
NCT03999359.
Diagnostic performance of optical coherence tomography macular ganglion cell inner plexiform layer and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in glaucoma suspect and early glaucoma patients at St. Paul’s hospital millennium medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Abera Addishiwot , W. Gessesse Girum 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
To evaluate glaucoma diagnostic performance of ganglion cell inner plexiform layer and retinal nerve fiber layer parameters measured with cirrus HD optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Method
Total of 188 eyes were included in our study. 49 eyes of healthy controls, 70 glaucoma suspect eyes and 69 early glaucomatous eyes. Complete ophthalmic examination was done including visual field test (with Humphrey field analyzer) and OCT scanning of ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in different quadrants. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of each parameter was calculated to provide diagnostic ability between normal controls, glaucoma suspects or early glaucoma.

Result
GCIPL and RNFL parameters had strong power in discriminating early glaucoma from healthy controls with all having AUROC of above 0.76. Of all the GCIPL and RNFL parameters, the only variable that could discriminate between glaucoma suspect and healthy controls was the combined parameter by OR-logic approach. Of all the parameters, the average and nasal RNFL parameters had the strongest power in discriminating between the two with AUROC of 0.81. All parameters had an overall good diagnostic performance with excellent sensitivity but the specificity was relatively poor. The combined parameter had the best specificity (62.2%) with excellent sensitivity (93.5%).

Conclusion
Nasal RNFL parameters had the strongest power in discriminating between glaucoma suspect and healthy controls and the OR-logic combination of RNFL and GCIPL provides better diagnostic performance than single GCIPL, RNFL or ONH parameter.
The non-selective Rho-kinase inhibitors Y-27632 and Y-33075 decrease contraction but increase migration in murine and human hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Bachtler Nadine , Torres Sandra , Ortiz Cristina , Schierwagen Robert , Tyc Olaf , Hieber Christoph , Berres Marie-Luise , Meier Caroline , Kraus Nico , Zeuzem Stefan , Nijmeijer Bart , Pronk Sebas , Trebicka Jonel , Klein Sabine 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe Rho-kinase ROCK II plays a major role in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), which are the key profibrotic and contractile cells contributing to the development of chronic liver disease. Inhibition of ROCK II ultimately blocks the phosphorylation of the myosin light chain (MLC) and thus inhibits stress fibre assembly and cell contraction. We investigated the effects of the ROCK inhibitors Y-33075 as well as Y-27632 in murine and human hepatic stellate cells.MethodsPrimary isolated HSC from FVB/NJ mice and the immortalized human HSC line TWNT-4 were culture-activated and incubated with Y-27632 and Y-33075 (10nM to 10μM) for 24h. Protein expression levels were analyzed by Western Blots and transcriptional levels of pro-fibrotic markers and proliferative markers were evaluated using real-time qPCR. Migration was investigated by wound-healing assay. Proliferation was assessed by BrdU assay. Contraction of HSC was measured using 3D collagen matrices after incubation with Y-27632 or Y-33075 in different doses.ResultsBoth Rho-kinase inhibitors, Y-27632 and Y-33075, reduced contraction, fibrogenesis and proliferation in activated primary mouse HSC (FVB/NJ) and human HSC line (TWNT-4) significantly. Y-33075 demonstrated a 10-times increased potency compared to Y-27632. Surprisingly, both inhibitors mediated a substantial and unexpected increase in migration of HSC in FVB/NJ.ConclusionROCK inhibition by the tested compounds decreased contraction but increased migration. Y-33075 proved more potent than Y27632 in the inhibition of contraction of HSCs and should be further evaluated in chronic liver disease.
Contribution of atrial myofiber architecture to atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kamali Roya , Kwan Eugene , Regouski Misha , Bunch T. Jared , Dosdall Derek J. , Hsu Ed , Macleod Rob S. , Polejaeva Irina , Ranjan Ravi 
Published: January 2023

Background
The role of fiber orientation on a global chamber level in sustaining atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown. The goal of this study was to correlate the fiber direction derived from Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) with AF inducibility.

Methods
Transgenic goats with cardiac-specific overexpression of constitutively active TGF-β1 (n = 14) underwent AF inducibility testing by rapid pacing in the left atrium. We chose a minimum of 10 minutes of sustained AF as a cut-off for AF inducibility. Explanted hearts underwent DTI to determine the fiber direction. Using tractography data, we clustered, visualized, and quantified the fiber helix angles in 8 different regions of the left atrial wall using two reference vectors defined based on anatomical landmarks.

Results
Sustained AF was induced in 7 out of 14 goats. The mean helix fiber angles in 7 out of 8 selected regions were statistically different (P-Value < 0.05) in the AF inducible group. The average fractional anisotropy (FA) and the mean diffusivity (MD) were similar in the two groups with FA of 0.32±0.08 and MD of 8.54±1.72 mm2/s in the non-inducible group and FA of 0.31±0.05 (P-value = 0.90) and MD of 8.68±1.60 mm2/s (P-value = 0.88) in the inducible group.

Conclusions
DTI based fiber direction shows significant variability across subjects with a significant difference between animals that are AF inducible versus animals that are not inducible. Fiber direction might be contributing to the initiation and sustaining of AF, and its role needs to be investigated further.
Anemia biomarkers and mortality in hemodialysis patients with or without diabetes: A 10-year follow-up study
Authors: Asmar Jihane , Chelala Dania , El Hajj Chehade Razane , Azar Hiba , Finianos Serge , Aoun Mabel 
Published: January 2023

Background
Many studies have assessed the association between anemia and mortality in hemodialysis but few compared patients with and without diabetes. Our study aims to investigate the impact of hemoglobin and iron parameters on mortality in hemodialysis patients with or without diabetes.

Methods
This is a two-center retrospective study that included all adult patients who started hemodialysis between February 2012 and February 2020, followed until January 2021. Averages of hemoglobin, ferritin and transferrin saturation of entire follow-up were recorded. Kaplan Meier survival, log rank test and cox regression analyses were performed to assess the association between anemia biomarkers and mortality.

Results
A total of 214 patients were included. Mean age was 67.98 ±12.41 years, mean hemoglobin was 10.92 ±0.75 g/dL, mean ferritin was 504.43 ± 221.42 ng/mL and mean transferrin saturation was 26.23 ±7.77%. Log rank test showed an association between hemoglobin ≥11 g/dL and better survival in patients without diabetes (P = 0.028). Based on cox regression analysis, hemoglobin was associated with all-cause mortality in all patients (HR = 0.66; CI:0.49,0.89; P = 0.007). When comparing patients with and without diabetes, this association remained significant only in patients without diabetes (HR = 0.53; CI:0.37,0.77; P<0.001). Based on different multivariate models, hemoglobin, ferritin and age were independent factors associated with mortality in patients without diabetes.

Conclusions
This study showed that hemoglobin ≥11 g/dL is associated with better survival in hemodialysis patients without diabetes but not in those with diabetes. These differences need to be further explored in other countries and settings. An individualization of the hemoglobin target level might be necessary to improve patients’ outcomes.
Spectrum of human Pasteurella species infections in tropical Australia
Authors: Mahony Michelle , Menouhos Dimitrios , Hennessy Jann , Baird Robert W. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAcquired zoonotic infections withPasteurellabacterial species have a wide clinical spectrum of disease from invasive infections to localised bite-wound infections.MethodsThis study reviewed the spectrum of the demographic, clinical, temporal, and microbiological trends of laboratory confirmedPasteurellaspecies infections presenting to a single-centre tropical tertiary hospital over a twenty-year period.Results195 episodes from 190 patients were included. 51.3% patients were female, and 20.5% Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander peoples. Crude incidence ofPasteurellaspp. infections increased from 1.5 per 100,000 population in 2000, to 11.4 per 100,000 population in 2021. There were 22 (11.3%) bloodstream infections, 22 (11.3%) invasive, 34 (17.4%) deep local, 98 (50.2%) superficial infections, and 19 (9.7%) other or unknown. Adults over 65 years of age accounted for the majority of bacteraemias (63.7%). More severe infections, including bacteraemia, invasive and deep local infections, were more common in lower limb infections and in those with underlying comorbidities. Animal contact with cats was more common in bloodstream infections (36.4%), but dog bites more common in invasive, deep local and superficial infections. 30-day all-cause mortality was low at 1.0%.Pasteurella multocidawas most commonly identified (61.1%), butP.canis,P.dagmatis, and otherPasteurellainfections were also noted. 67.7% of specimens were polymicrobial, with other significant organisms beingStaphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus pyogenes, Group G Streptococcus andPseudomonas aeruginosa.ConclusionPasteurellaspecies remain clinically important pathogens, with the ability to cause severe and invasive infections with associated morbidity. Presentations to hospital are becoming more common, and the polymicrobial nature of bites wounds has implications for empiric antibiotic guidelines.