bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators to skin hygiene care and emollient use in residential care homes: Instrument design and survey
Authors: Cowdell Fiona , Heague Megan , Dyson Judith 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe older person care home population is increasing. As skin ages, it becomes vulnerable to dryness, itching, cracks and tears. These are experienced by most older people, they impair quality of life and can lead skin breakdown, increased dependency, hospital stays and greater financial and human costs. Dryness, itching, cracks and tears can be prevented, but despite best practice guidance, concordance is suboptimal.Objectives(i) develop and test a theory‐based diagnostic instrument to accurately and prospectively assess barriers and facilitators and (ii) survey barriers and facilitators to care home staff in the delivery of skin hygiene care.MethodsInstrument development and survey. Barriers and facilitators identified from the literature and pilot study were categorised in a Delphi survey of experts (n = 8) to the Theoretical Domains Framework. This model was tested in three rounds for face validity (n = 38), construct validity (n = 235) and test–retest reliability (n = 11). Barriers and facilitators were surveyed in Round 2 and reported in accordance with TRIPOD.ResultsA 29‐item valid and reliable instrument (SHELL‐CH) resulted (χ2/df = 1.539, RMSEA = 0.047, CFA = 0.872). Key barriers were delivering skin hygiene care to agitated or confused residents, pressure to rush or engage in other tasks from colleagues, being busy and the unrealistic expectations of relatives. Knowledge of skin hygiene care was a facilitator.ConclusionThis study has international significance having identified barriers and facilitators to skin hygiene care including barriers previously unreported.
Survival, ventricular arrhythmia, and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator usefulness in toxic cardiomyopathy due to substance abuse
Authors: Dognin Nicolas , Rimac Goran , Domain Guillaume , Cinq‐Mars Alexandre , Massot Montse , Turgeon Pierre Yves , Dubois‐Sénéchal Sacha‐Michelle , Bourgault Christine , Morin Joëlle , Bernier Mathieu , Beaudoin Jonathan , Laflamme Maxime , Charbonneau Eric , Strubé Camille , Voisine Pierre , Philippon François , Belzile David , Sénéchal Mario 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundToxic dilated cardiomyopathy (T‐DCM) due to substance abuse is now recognized as a potential cause of severe left ventricular dysfunction. The burden of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and the role of a prophylactic implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) are not well documented in this population. We aim to assess the usefulness of ICD implantation in a T‐DCM cohort.MethodsPatients younger than 65 years with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 35% followed at a tertiary center heart failure (HF) clinic between January 2003 and August 2019 were screened for inclusion. The diagnosis of T‐DCM was confirmed after excluding other etiologies, and substance abuse was established according to the DSM‐5 criteria. The composite primary endpoints were arrhythmic syncope, sudden cardiac death (SCD), or death of unknown cause. The secondary endpoints were the occurrence of sustained VA and/or appropriate therapies in ICD carriers.ResultsThirty‐eight patients were identified, and an ICD was implanted in 19 (50%) of these patients, only one for secondary prevention. The primary outcome was similar between the two groups (ICD vs. non‐ICD; p = 1.00). After a mean follow‐up of 33 ± 36 months, only two VA episodes were reported in the ICD group. Three patients received inappropriate ICD therapies. One ICD implantation was complicated with cardiac tamponade. Twenty‐three patients (61%) had an LVEF ≥35% at 12 months.ConclusionVA are infrequent in the T‐DCM population. The prophylactic ICD benefit was not observed in our cohort. The ideal timing for potential prophylactic ICD implantation in this population needs further studies.
Capital appreciation bonds and the cost of borrowing
Authors: Moldogaziev Temirlan T. , Kriz Kenneth A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA Capital Appreciation Bond (CAB) is a financial instrument that is most attractive as a resource‐flow management instrument. It bridges multiple fiscal years for jurisdictions experiencing rapid growth, potentially stretching for decades, but may also be used by localities experiencing fiscal distress. Using debt issuance data by independent school districts in Texas, who utilized almost all such bonds in the state, we present empirical evidence that CABs are associated with both the service and fiscal pressure factors. We further observe that, though the threat from CABs in terms of borrowing costs may have been exaggerated, enacting limits on debt repayment ratios (ratio of payment size at maturity to premium size) was likely the right legislative intervention.
Child emotion lability is associated with within‐task changes of autonomic activity during a mirror‐tracing task
Authors: Rawn Kyle P. , Keller Peggy S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdaptive biological and emotional stress responding are both critical for healthy human development. However, the complex associations between the two are not fully understood. The current study addresses this gap in research by studying associations of child emotion regulation and lability with within‐task changes in the biological stress response during a mirror‐tracing task. Participants were 59 families including two parents and a child between 5 and 12 years old (52.2% female). Parents reported on family demographics and completed the Emotion Regulation Checklist. Child skin conductance level (SCL) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) were recorded during a baseline task and during a 3‐minute mirror‐tracing task. Within‐task patterns of SCL and RSA during the task were estimated with multilevel modeling (measures within persons). The emotion regulation subscale was unrelated to any facet of SCL/RSA time courses. However, lower emotion lability was related to SCL patterns that changed less during the task and were overall lower. For RSA, lower emotion lability was related to higher initial RSA that significantly decreased during the task. These findings suggest that higher child emotion lability may promote increased physiological arousal of target organs during challenging activities.
Elevated fibrinogen to pre‐albumin ratio predicts mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Xia Wenkai , Hua Xi , Sun Dong , Xie Xiangcheng , Kuang Meisi , Hu Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractbackgroundFibrinogen to pre‐albumin ratio (FPR) is a promising predictor of mortality in various cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic value of FPR to predict mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 324 incident PD patients form January 2011 to December 2020. Patients were stratified based on the optimal thresholds for FPR at baseline to predict overall and cardiovascular mortality during follow‐up. The association of FPR and all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression analysis.ResultsAll patients were divided into three groups based on the optimal cutoff value of FPR. Higher FPR levels were strongly correlated with worse overall and cardiovascular mortality in PD patients. Compared with patients in the lowest FPR tertile (<14.3), those in the highest terile (≥18.8) had multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI confidence interval) of 3.37 (1.76–6.49) and 2.86 (1.31–6.23) for all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Significant differences in overall survival were observed across nearly all subgroups after stratification.ConclusionsPatients with a high FPR had increased all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality. FPR is a potential prognostic indicator in PD patients.
The effect of compulsory face mask policies on community mobility in Germany*
Authors: Kovacs Roxanne , Dunaiski Maurice , Tukiainen Janne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere is an ongoing debate about face masks being made compulsory in public spaces to contain COVID‐19. A key concern is that such policies could undermine efforts to maintain social distancing and reduce mobility. We provide first evidence on the impact of compulsory face mask policies on community mobility. We exploit the staggered implementation of policies by German states during the first wave of the pandemic and measure mobility using geo‐located smartphone data. We find that compulsory face mask policies led to a short‐term reduction in community mobility, with no significant medium‐term effects. We can rule out even small increases in mobility.
Skin antiaging effects of a multiple mechanisms hyaluronan complex
Authors: Chen Fan , Guo Xueping , Wu Yue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveIntrinsic skin aging is an inevitable process with reduced extracellular matrix deposition and impaired mechanical integrity in the dermal‐epidermal junction (DEJ). Hyaluronan is one of the most promising natural ingredients. In this research, multiple mechanisms of a novel hyaluronan complex against intrinsic skin aging were revealed.MethodImmunohistochemical analysis and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay were employed to evaluate the effect of low‐molecular weight sodium hyaluronan, its acetylated derivative and HA complex on expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) and type I collagen in normal human fibroblasts. Then, immunohistochemical analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining was carried out to evaluate identical effects of HA complex in reconstructed skin equivalents, as well as its benefits on histological structure and DEJ.ResultIn normal human dermal fibroblasts, the hyaluronan complex, which contains low‐molecular weight sodium hyaluronate and its acetylated derivative, has synergistic effects by increasing type I collagen expression. At the same time, MMP‐1 production was inhibited. This was confirmed in subsequent experiments with skin equivalent, and intriguingly, the hyaluronan complex was also found to increase the expression of two DEJ proteins.ConclusionThe multimechanism hyaluronan complex in this proof‐of‐concept study exhibited skin antiaging effects in vitro through inhibiting the expression of MMP‐1 and enhancing type I collagen accumulation and the expression of DEJ proteins, which reveals new avenues for investigating more biological activities of various types of hyaluronan.
Vaccination and associated factors among tribal children of 1 year age in nine Indian districts: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kusuma Yadlapalli S. , Kumari Anjali , Rajbangshi Preety , Ganie Ashraf , Sarala R. , Kumar Dinesh , Kalaiselvi S. , Kanungo Srikanta , Jain Nutan , Singh Rajesh , Tiwari Satish Kumar , Gupta Shiv Dutt , Babu Bontha V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo report on vaccination status by 12 months of age among tribal children from nine districts of India.MethodsCross‐sectional study of 2631 tribal women having a child aged 12 months or below from nine Indian districts with a considerable proportion of the tribal population. Socio‐demographic details, reception of various vaccines by 12 months of age, mother's antenatal care utilisation and health system‐related details were collected through a pre‐tested, interviewer‐administered questionnaire from mothers. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with complete vaccination by 12 months of age.ResultsOnly 52% of children were fully vaccinated by the age of 12 months among the tribal populations; 11% did not receive any vaccine, and 37% of the tribal children received some vaccines. The age‐appropriate vaccination was unsatisfactory as only 75% of the infants received all birth dose vaccines, and only 60.5% received all doses by 14 weeks. Only 73% were vaccinated against measles. Illness of the child, home births and communication gaps concerning vaccination were the main reasons for an infant not being vaccinated appropriately. Frequency of health worker's visits to the village, hospital birth, reception of advice on vaccination and educational status of the head of the households were significantly associated with full vaccination status.ConclusionA relatively low proportion of children were fully vaccinated among the tribal populations. Health systems factors, mainly the outreach services and advice by the health workers, were positively and significantly associated with a child being fully vaccinated by 12 months of age. Improving outreach services is crucial to improve vaccination coverage in tribal areas, and there is a need to address the social determinants in the long run.
Pyrophosphate as a novel anticoagulant for storage of whole blood: A proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Feth Maximilian , Hainline Robert V. , Barrera Gema , Meledeo Michael Adam , Ross Evan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCitrate is the only anticoagulant currently Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved for the long‐term storage of blood for transfusion. Citrate inhibits phosphofructokinase and may play a pro‐inflammatory role, suggesting that there may be an advantage to using alternative anticoagulants. Here, we examine the use of pyrophosphate as an anticoagulant.Study design and methodsWhole blood samples from healthy donors were anticoagulated either with citrate–phosphate–adenine–dextrose (CPDA‐1) or our novel anticoagulant mixture pyrophosphate‐phosphate–adenine–dextrose (PPDA‐1). Samples were assessed for coagulation capacity by thromboelastography immediately after anticoagulation (T0) with and without recalcification, as well as 5 hours after anticoagulation (T1) with recalcification. Complete blood counts were taken at both timepoints. Flow cytometry to evaluate platelet activation as well as blood smears to evaluate cellular morphology were performed at T1.ResultsNo clotting was detected in samples anticoagulated with either solution without recalcification. After recalcification, clotting function was restored in both groups. R‐Time in recalcified PPDA‐1 samples was shorter than in CPDA‐1 samples. A reduction in platelet count at T1 compared to T0 was observed in both groups. No significant platelet activation was observed in either group at T1. Blood smear indicated platelet clumping in PPDA‐1.ConclusionWe have shown initial proof of concept that pyrophosphate functions as an anticoagulant at the dose used in this study, though there is an associated loss of platelets over time that may limit its usefulness for blood storage. Further dose optimization of pyrophosphate may limit or reduce the loss of platelets.
A relative version of the Turaev–Viro invariants and the volume of hyperbolic polyhedral 3‐manifolds
Authors: Yang Tian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe define a relative version of the Turaev–Viro invariants for an ideally triangulated compact 3‐manifold with nonempty boundary and a coloring on the edges, generalizing the Turaev–Viro invariants [36] of the manifold. We also propose the volume conjecture for these invariants whose asymptotic behavior is related to the volume of the manifold in the hyperbolic polyhedral metric [22, 23] with singular locus of the edges and cone angles determined by the coloring, and prove the conjecture in the case that the cone angles are sufficiently small. This suggests an approach of solving the volume conjecture for the Turaev–Viro invariants proposed by Chen–Yang [8] for hyperbolic 3‐manifolds with totally geodesic boundary.
Oncological and functional outcomes of transoral surgery compared with non-surgical management in small-volume oropharyngeal cancer: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Jeong Bora , Krishnan Giri , Foreman Andrew , Aromataris Edoardo 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
The objective of this systematic review is to investigate oncological and functional outcomes following primary transoral surgery compared with non-surgical management in patients with small-volume (T1-2, N0-2) oropharyngeal cancer.

Introduction:
The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer is rising. Transoral surgery was introduced to provide a minimally invasive treatment option for patients with small-volume oropharyngeal cancer and to avoid the morbidity that results from open surgery and the potential acute and late toxicities of chemoradiotherapy.

Inclusion criteria:
The review will include all studies on adult patients with small-volume oropharyngeal cancer managed by transoral surgery or non-surgical management with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. All patients must have undergone treatment with curative intent. Participants who underwent palliative treatment will be excluded.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. Eligible study designs will include randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and prospective or retrospective cohort studies. Databases to be searched will include PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, and multiple trial registries from 1972. Titles and abstracts will be reviewed, and full-text articles will be retrieved if they meet the inclusion criteria. All eligible studies will be critically appraised by 2 independent reviewers using the appropriate JBI tools for experimental and observational designs. Where possible, outcome data from studies will be pooled with statistical meta-analysis to compare both oncological and functional outcomes between the two groups. All time to event to data will be converted to a common metric for oncological outcomes. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be followed to assess the certainty of findings.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO 352509
Preclinical models of maternal asthma and progeny outcomes: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Robinson Joshua L. , Gatford Kathy L. , Clifton Vicki L. , Morrison Janna L. , Stark Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
This scoping review will describe the methodology, phenotype, and characteristics of maternal asthma models used in preclinical studies and the outcomes that have been measured in the mother and progeny. The review This will identify gaps in knowledge of maternal and progeny outcomes following maternal asthma in pregnancy.

Introduction:
Maternal asthma affects up to 17% of pregnancies worldwide and is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in mothers and babies, including pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, cesarean section, preterm birth, small for gestational age, nursery admission, and neonatal death. While the associations are well established, the mechanisms linking maternal asthma and adverse perinatal outcomes are largely unknown due to the difficulties of human mechanistic studies. The appropriate selection of animal models is vital to understanding the mechanisms underlying associations between human maternal asthma and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include primary studies published in English where outcomes have been studied in vivo in non-human mammalian species.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. We will search MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science to identify papers published before the end of 2022. Initial keywords will include pregnancy, gestation, asthma, and wheeze, as well as validated search strings to identify papers that describe animal models. Extracted data will include information on methods used to induce maternal asthma; asthmatic phenotypes and characteristics; and maternal, pregnancy, placental, and progeny outcomes. The characteristics of each study will be presented in summary tables and a core outcome list to assist researchers in developing, reporting, and comparing future animal studies of maternal asthma.

Review registration:
Open Science Framework osf.io/trwk5
Global biogeographic distribution of Bathyarchaeota in paddy soils
Authors: Xue Shu-Dan , Yi Xing-Yun , Cui Hui-Ling , Li Meng , Peng Jing-Jing , Zhu Yong-Guan , Duan Gui-Lan 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Bathyarchaeota, known as key participants of global elements cycling, is highly abundant and diverse in the sedimentary environments. Bathyarchaeota has been the research spotlight on sedimentary microbiology; however, its distribution in arable soils is far from understanding. Paddy soil is a habitat similar to freshwater sediments, while the distribution and composition of Bathyarchaeota in paddy soils have largely been overlooked. In this study, we collected 342
in situ
paddy soil sequencing data worldwide to illuminate the distribution patterns of Bathyarchaeota and explore their potential ecological functions in paddy soils. The results showed that Bathyarchaeota is the dominant archaeal lineage, and Bathy-6 is the most predominant subgroup in paddy soils. Based on random forest analysis and construction of a multivariate regression tree, the mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature are identified as the factors significantly influencing the abundance and composition of Bathyarchaeota in paddy soils. Bathy-6 was abundant in temperate environments, while other subgroups were more abundant in sites with higher rainfall. There are highly frequent associations between Bathyarchaeota and methanogens and ammonia-oxidizing archaea. The interactions between Bathyarchaeota and microorganisms involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism imply a potential syntrophy between these microorganisms, suggesting that members of Bathyarchaeota could be important participants of geochemical cycle in paddy soils. These results shed light on the ecological lifestyle of Bathyarchaeota in paddy soils, and provide some baseline for further understanding Bathyarchaeota in arable soils.

IMPORTANCE
Bathyarchaeota, the dominant archaeal lineage in sedimentary environments, has been the spotlight of microbial research due to its vital role in carbon cycling. Although Bathyarchaeota has been also detected in paddy soils worldwide, its distribution in this environment has not yet been investigated. In this study, we conducted a global scale meta-analysis and found that Bathyarchaeota is also the dominant archaeal lineage in paddy soils with significant regional abundance differences. Bathy-6 is the most predominant subgroup in paddy soils, which differs from sediments. Furthermore, Bathyarchaeota are highly associated with methanogens and ammonia-oxidizing archaea, suggesting that they may be involved in the carbon and nitrogen cycle in paddy soil. These interactions provide insight into the ecological functions of Bathyarchaeota in paddy soils, which will be the foundation of future studies regarding the geochemical cycle in arable soils and global climate change.
Development and Tasks of Radiochemical Technologies: History and Modern Challenges
Authors: Kolupaev D. N. , Apalkov G. A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The main prerequisites for creating and developing industrial radiochemical production in the USSR and the Russian Federation is reviewed. The history of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) management in relation to the RT-1 and RT-2 plants, the features and tasks of the plants are considered from the position of today. Current specifics of the platforms of the Mayak Production Association, the Mining and Chemical Complex and the Siberian Chemical Combine of the closed nuclear fuel cycle of the Russian Federation was analyzed. Topical issues are formulated on SNF reprocessing and radioactive waste management technologies.
Voloxidation of Mixed Nitride Uranium–Plutonium Spent Nuclear Fuel
Authors: Momotov V. N. , Makarov A. O. , Volkov A. Yu. , Lakeev P. V. , Tikhonova D. E. , Dvoeglazov K. N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe efficiency of voloxidation of mixed nitride uranium–plutonium spent nuclear fuel (MNUP SNF) for the separation of the fuel composition from the fuel rod cladding and removal of3H and14C was estimated. It was shown that the completeness of SNF separation from fuel rod cladding under optimal conditions is at the level of 98–99%. The residual content of tritium in the voloxidized fuel does not exceed 0.2% of its content in the original SNF sample; radiocarbon is removed by 98%.