bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between inflammatory potential of diet and periodontitis disease risks: Results from a Korean population‐based cohort study
Authors: Choi Sung Weon , Sreeja Sundara Raj , Le Trong‐Dat , Shivappa Nitin , Hebert James R. , Kim Mi Kyung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo examine the association between a pro‐inflammatory diet, estimated using the energy‐adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E‐DII), and the risk of periodontitis.Materials and MethodsStudy subjects from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Health Examinee (KoGES_HEXA) cohort were included for cross‐sectional analysis (n = 168,378) using multivariate logistic regression and prospective analysis (n = 160,397) using Cox proportional hazard models respectively. DII and E‐DII scores were calculated based on the intake reported on a validated semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ‐FFQ).ResultsCox proportional hazard models revealed a significantly increased risk of incident periodontitis in individuals consuming high E‐DII (more pro‐inflammatory) diets in the total population (HRquartile4vs1 = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.13–1.48; ptrend <.001) and in both men (HRquartile4vs1 = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07–1.73; ptrend = 0.02) and women (HRquartile4vs1 = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.08–1.50; ptrend = .002). The association remained significant even after excluding cases diagnosed early in the follow‐up. In the cross‐sectional analysis, a significant association was observed between the E‐DII score and the prevalence of periodontitis among all study subjects (ORquartile4vs1 = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03–1.34; ptrend = 0.01) and men (ORquartile4vs1 = 1.28; 95%CI: 1.01–1.63; ptrend <.001); however, the association did not reach statistical significance in women (ORquartile4vs1 = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.96–1.33; ptrend <.001).ConclusionsFindings from the current study support the hypothesis that diets with high pro‐inflammatory potential increase the risk of periodontitis.
Effects of cutting parameters on cutting force and cutting energy for crab‐apple
Authors: Su Xunwen , Wu Xingchen , Shi Yanyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStudying the effects of cutting parameters on cutting force and energy consumption in the core removal and slicing process of crab‐apple can provide the theoretical basis for the design and optimization of crab‐apple core removal and slicing equipment. In this study, the single‐factor tests were carried out on a special fixture and microcomputer‐controlled electronic universal testing machine to study the effect of slicing speed, blade oblique angle, and blade‐edge shape in the slicing process and core removal tool wall thickness and speed in the core removal process on the cutting force and energy consumption. The test results showed that the peak force and energy consumption can be reduced by adopting the concave type blade compared to the convex type blade. Slicing speed and blade oblique angle have significant effects on the cutting performance of crab‐apple in the slicing process. When blade oblique angle and cutting speed increase, the cutting force and energy consumption both show a decreasing trend. For the core removal process, reducing the core removal tool wall thickness and increasing the core removal speed can reduce the cutting force and energy consumption and improve the processing quality.
Can hydrological models assess the impact of natural flood management in groundwater‐dominated catchments?
Authors: Badjana Hèou Maléki , Cloke Hannah L. , Verhoef Anne , Julich Stefan , Camargos Carla , Collins Sarah , Macdonald David M. J. , McGuire Patrick C. , Clark Joanna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNatural flood management (NFM) is widely promoted for managing flood risks but the effectiveness of different types of NFM schemes at medium (100–1000 km2) and large scales (>1000 km2) remains widely unknown. This study demonstrates the importance of fully understanding the impact of model structure, calibration and uncertainty techniques on the results before the NFM assessment is undertaken. Land‐based NFM assessment is undertaken in two medium‐scale lowland catchments within the Thames River basin (UK) with a modelling approach that uses the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model within an uncertainty framework. The model performed poorly in groundwater‐dominated areas (P‐factor <0.5 and R‐factor >0.6). The model performed better in areas dominated by surface and interflow processes (P‐factor >0.5 and R‐factor <0.6) and here hypothetical experiments converting land to broadleaf woodland and cropland showed that the model offers good potential for the assessment of NFM effectiveness. However, the reduction of large flood flows greater than 4% in medium‐sized catchments would require afforestation of more than 75% of the area. Whilst hydrological models, and specifically SWAT, can be useful tools in assessing the effectiveness of NFM, these results demonstrate that they cannot be applied in all settings.
Mixing races, maintaining racism? Considering the connection between interracial families, social distance, and racial inequality
Authors: Bratter Jenifer L. , Campbell Mary E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearchers often assume that close interracial relationships, especially intermarriage, simultaneouslyreflectandcausea weakening of racial and ethnic boundaries and inequality between groups. In fact, interracial marriage is often used as a measure of social distance. We question those assumptions, noting the salient boundaries and durable inequalities that remain despite decades of increases in interracial relationships. We begin with historical examples, showing how, for much of US history, there was no expectation that interracial sexual encounters would reduce racial inequality or weaken boundaries. Incorporating critical race theory and intersectional perspectives, we describe how the impact of interracial intimate relationships is both gendered and classed. We argue that research on contemporary intimate interracial relationships (friendships, dating, and marriage) explains why such relationships may have little impact on attitudes, inequality, and the rigidity of boundaries and call for future research to consider dynamicswithinthe family as well.
Social zebrafish:Danio rerioas an emerging model in social neuroendocrinology
Authors: Kareklas Kyriacos , Teles Magda C. , Nunes Ana Rita , Oliveira Rui F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe fitness benefits of social life depend on the ability of animals to affiliate with others and form groups, on dominance hierarchies within groups that determine resource distribution, and on cognitive capacities for recognition, learning and information transfer. The evolution of these phenotypes is coupled with that of neuroendocrine mechanisms, but the causal link between the two remains underexplored. Growing evidence from our research group and others demonstrates that the tools available in zebrafish,Danio rerio, can markedly facilitate progress in this field. Here, we review this evidence and provide a synthesis of the state‐of‐the‐art in this model system. We discuss the involvement of generalized motivation and cognitive components, neuroplasticity and functional connectivity across social decision‐making brain areas, and how these are modulated chiefly by the oxytocin‐vasopressin neuroendocrine system, but also by reward‐pathway monoamine signaling and the effects of sex‐hormones and stress physiology.
Activation of Tm‐22 resistance is mediated by a conserved cysteine essential for tobacco mosaic virus movement
Authors: Hak Hagit , Raanan Hagai , Schwarz Shahar , Sherman Yifat , Dinesh‐Kumar Savithramma P. , Spiegelman Ziv 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe tomato Tm‐22 gene was considered to be one of the most durable resistance genes in agriculture, protecting against viruses of the Tobamovirus genus, such as tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). However, an emerging tobamovirus, tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), has overcome Tm‐22, damaging tomato production worldwide. Tm‐22 encodes a nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) class immune receptor that recognizes its effector, the tobamovirus movement protein (MP). Previously, we found that ToBRFV MP (MPToBRFV) enabled the virus to overcome Tm‐22‐mediated resistance. Yet, it was unknown how Tm‐22 remained durable against other tobamoviruses, such as TMV and ToMV, for over 60 years. Here, we show that a conserved cysteine (C68) in the MP of TMV (MPTMV) plays a dual role in Tm‐22 activation and viral movement. Substitution of MPToBRFV amino acid H67 with the corresponding amino acid in MPTMV (C68) activated Tm‐22‐mediated resistance. However, replacement of C68 in TMV and ToMV disabled the infectivity of both viruses. Phylogenetic and structural prediction analysis revealed that C68 is conserved among all Solanaceae‐infecting tobamoviruses except ToBRFV and localizes to a predicted jelly‐roll fold common to various MPs. Cell‐to‐cell and subcellular movement analysis showed that C68 is required for the movement of TMV by regulating the MP interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum and targeting it to plasmodesmata. The dual role of C68 in viral movement and Tm‐22 immune activation could explain how TMV was unable to overcome this resistance for such a long period.
Clinical results of lumbar sympathetic blocks in lower limb complex regional pain syndrome using infrared thermography as a support tool
Authors: Bovaira Maite , Cañada‐Soriano Mar , García‐Vitoria Carles , Calvo Ana , De Andrés José Antonio , Moratal David , Priego‐Quesada Jose Ignacio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo describe the clinical outcomes for a group of complex regional pain syndrome patients using infrared thermography as an intraprocedural support tool when undertaking fluoroscopy‐guided lumbar sympathetic blocks.Subjects27 patients with lower limb complex regional pain syndrome accompanied by severe pain and persistent functional impairment.MethodsA series of three fluoroscopic‐guided lumbar sympathetic blocks with local anesthetic and corticoids using infrared thermography as an intraprocedural support tool were performed. Clinical variables were collected at baseline, prior to each block, and one, three, and six months after blocks in a standardized checklist assessing each of the clinical categories of complex regional pain syndrome stipulated in the Budapest criteria.Results23.75% of the blocks required more than one chance to achieve the desired thermal pattern and therefore to be considered as successful. A decrease in pain measured on a visual analogic scale was observed at all time points compared to pre‐blockade data, but only 37% of the cases were categorized as responders, representing a ≥ 30% decrease in VAS, with the disappearance of pain at rest. An improvement of most of the clinical variables recorded was observed, such as tingling, edema, perception of thermal asymmetry, difference in coloring and sweating. There was a significant decrease of neuropathic pain and improvement of functional limitation. Logistic regression analysis showed the main variable to explain the probability of being a responder was immobilization time (odds ratio of 0.89).ConclusionA series of fluoroscopy‐guided lumbar sympathetic blocks controlled by infrared thermography in the treatment of lower limb CRPS showed a responder rate of 37%.
Effect of α‐tocopherol in the vitrification medium on the viability, lipid peroxidation, expression of key developmental, apoptotic and stress‐related genes in ovine secondary follicles
Authors: Kaushik Kalpana , Krishna Kavya , Johnson P. , Gupta P. S. P. , Nandi S. , Mondal S. , Suganthi R. U. , Nikhil Kumar Tej J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the effect of α‐tocopherol on viability, lipid peroxidation and the expression of apoptosis, stress and development‐related genes in the vitrified sheep secondary follicles. Ovarian secondary follicles (200–300 μm) were isolated and distributed separately to the vitrification treatment and supplemented with 5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM and 30 mM of α‐tocopherol (while the control fresh group was without vitrification and supplementation of α‐tocopherol). After a week, the follicles were thawed and evaluated for follicular viability by trypan blue dye exclusion method, lipid peroxidation and gene expression studies. The results showed that the vitrification with 10 and 20 mM of α‐tocopherol positively affected (p < .05) the viability of vitrified follicles in comparison with vitrified ones without α‐tocopherol but the higher concentration of α‐tocopherol, i.e., 30 mM negatively affected the viability (p < .05) in comparison with the 10 and 20 mM of α‐tocopherol groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly (p < .05) higher in the vitrified without α‐tocopherol group in comparison to the vitrified with 20 mM of α‐tocopherol group. The expression of apoptotic‐related gene, BCL2L1 was significantly higher in 10 mM α‐tocopherol group compared to the control fresh and CASPASE 3, 9 expressions were significantly higher in the vitrified group when compared to the vitrified with 10 mM α‐tocopherol group. Expressions of BAX, BAD, BAK, BMP‐15 and GDF‐9 showed no significant difference among the groups. The mRNA expression of SOD1 was significantly higher in the vitrified without α‐tocopherol group when compared to other groups. We conclude that the supplementation of 10 and 20 mM α‐tocopherol in vitrification solution was the efficient vitrification procedure for the vitrification of ovine secondary follicles.
Effects of extended exposure to video in the language classroom on listening proficiency
Authors: Schenker Theresa , Sippel Lieselotte 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearch has shown that world language learners’ listening comprehension skills develop at a slower pace than reading or speaking skills, possibly because a systematic approach to developing listening skills is often neglected in classroom contexts. To address this issue, the present study investigated whether listening skills can be improved through targeted practice. Thirty‐three learners of a third‐semester German course were assigned to either an experimental group (n = 22) or a control group (n = 11). Over the course of one semester, the experimental group watched short episodes of a German web‐based telenovela designed for language learners and completed vocabulary exercises and comprehension questions. Listening skills were assessed through the DIALANG test and a self‐assessment at the beginning and at the end of the semester. Results showed that only learners in the experimental group made significant gains in listening proficiency. Both groups increased their self‐rated listening proficiency. Overall, the results suggest that using a telenovela for targeted listening practice is a useful way to help learners develop their listening skills.
Thin objects: An overview
Authors: Carrara Massimiliano , Zanetti Luca 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn Thin objects: an abstractionist account (Oxford University Press, 2018), Øystein Linnebo claims that ‘mathematical objects are thin in the sense that very little is required for their existence’. Linnebo articulates his view in an abstractionist manner: according to Linnebo, the truth of the right‐hand side of a Fregean abstraction principle, which states that two items stand in a given equivalence relation, is sufficient for the truth of its left‐hand side, which states that the same abstract object is associated to both items. This special issue contains nine articles discussing different aspects of Linnebo's book. In this introduction, we provide an opinionated introduction to the Special Issue and an overview of the contributions.
The Wisdom of the Crowd is not a Forgone Conclusion. Effects of Self‐Selection on (Collaborative) Knowledge Construction
Authors: Krebs Marie‐Christin , Oeberst Aileen , Beck Ina von der 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWeb 2.0 has elevated the possibilities of collaboration to unprecedented levels. Therein lies great potential, as the aptly coined phenomenon “Wisdom of the Crowd” implies. When it comes to controversial topics, however, there is no safety in numbers alone. On the contrary, collaboration among only like‐minded people may even exacerbate biases (e.g., Echo Chambers). Yet, it is human nature to seek out like‐minded others. Consequently, the process of self‐selection is crucial if the heterogeneity of opinions serves as a safeguard against undesirable effects of group processes (e.g., attitude polarization). Accordingly, online environments that invite more heterogeneous (vs. homogeneous) users should produce less biased content. We tested this hypothesis in a field study, comparing articles on the same 20 controversial topics from the online encyclopedias Conservapedia and RationalWiki with Wikipedia (and Britannica serving as a gold standard) and exploring the opinions of discussants in the three online encyclopedias. As expected, articles from Conservapedia and RationalWiki were significantly less balanced than articles from Wikipedia and Britannica. We replicated this finding in a lab study with 257 participants who self‐selected to one of three online wikis (Vegan Love, Nutrition, Meat & Fish) and individually as well as collaboratively wrote an encyclopedia‐like article about “Diets.” As expected, Wikis with a specific focus (Vegan Love, Meat & Fish) predominantly attracted authors with a positive attitude toward this focus and, as a consequence, resulted in more biased content than in the Nutrition Wiki. Overall, our results suggest that crowds alone do not guarantee wisdom—self‐selection is a crucial process that needs to be taken into account.
Molecular detection of spotted fever group of Rickettsiae in acute encephalitis syndrome cases from eastern Uttar Pradesh region of India
Authors: Behera Sthita Pragnya , Singh Rajeev , Deval Hirawati , Bhardwaj Pooja , Zaman Kamran , Misra Brij Ranjan , Kumar Niraj , Srivastava Mitali , Pandey Ashok Kumar , Yadav Rajaram , Kavathekar Asif , Kant Rajni , Bondre Vijay P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Eastern Uttar Pradesh region of India is known for its endemicity of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES). Decades of research have established that Orientia tsutsugamushi, a causative of scrub typhus, is a substantial contributor (>60%) for the AES cases besides other aetiology, but additional factors in the remaining proportion are still unidentified. Rickettsial infections are challenging to diagnose in clinical settings due to overlapping clinical symptoms, the absence of definitive indicators, a low index of suspicion, and the lack of low‐cost, rapid diagnostic tools. Hence, the present study was designed to determine the load of rickettsial infections among AES cases. Furthermore, we aim to find out the prevalent rickettsial species in AES cases as well as in the vector population at this location. The study included the whole blood/cerebrospinal fluid of AES patients and arthropod specimens from rodents. The molecular identification was performed using the 23S‐5S intergenic spacer region and ompB gene with genomic DNA obtained from studied specimens. We detected 5.34% (62/1160) of rickettsial infection in AES cases. Among these, phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of 54.8% Rickettsia conorii (n = 34) and 16.1% of Rickettsia felis (n = 10), while the rest proportion of the isolates was unidentified at the species level. Furthermore, R. felis was identified in one CSF sample from AES patients and three flea samples from Xenopsylla cheopis. Rickettsia spp. was also confirmed in one Ornithonyssus bacoti mite sample. The results of this investigation concluded the presence of spotted fever group Rickettsia spp. among AES identified cases as well as in the mite and flea vectors that infest rodents.
Mineralogical Characterization of Pegmatites with Occurrences of Halloysite in the Regions of Porciúncula (RJ) and Patrocínio do Muriaé (MG), Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Licursi Ernesto Adler , Bertolino Luiz Carlos , Da Silva Francisco José 
Published: April 2023

Halloysite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4.2H2O) is a polymorphic kaolinite mineral whose predominant morphology is tubular. Due to this characteristic, halloysite is widely used in industrial applications, such as manufacture of silica- luminous catalysts, used for industrial chemical reactions; French porcelain; and the cracking of petroleum fractions into gasoline. Halloysite also has potential as a nanomaterial, particularly as an ingredient in polymer nanocomposites and as active agent for medical, agricultural, and other uses. This clay mineral occurs in a wide variety of geological environments as a product of alteration of rocks rich in sodium and potassium feldspars, such as intrusive acid rocks, granites, anorthosites, and pegmatites. This article characterizes halloysite and describes the treating process of kaolin- halloysite samples from four pegmatites, located in Porciúncula (Rio de Janeiro State) and Patrocínio do Muriaé (Minas Gerais State). The samples of the studied pegmatites were treated for mineralogical characterization and analyzed by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. Density, granulometry, and visual appearance of the grains were also analyzed. The samples were found to be composed of kaolinite/halloysite, feldspar, quartz, biotite, goethite and muscovite. Using X-ray diffractometry, gibbsite were also identified in one sample. With the results presented here, the two regions can be possible targets for researching halloysite deposits in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais.
Fractional Dynamics and Analysis of Coupled Schrödinger-KdV Equation With Caputo-Katugampola Type Memory
Authors: Singh Jagdev , Gupta Arpita , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFundamental purpose of the current research article is to analyze the behavior of obtained results of time fractional nonlinear coupled Schrödinger-KdV equation, via implementing an effective analytical technique. In this work, Katugampola fractional derivative in Caputo type is used to model the problem. The coupled Schrödinger-KdV equation describes several kinds of wave propagation in plasma physics, like electromagnetic waves, dust-acoustic waves, and Langmuir waves. The fixed point theorem is used to present the existence and uniuness analysis of obtained solution of the discussed model. Numerical simulation and graphical behavior of the model are presented to show the reliability of the implemented analytical technique. A comparative analysis of exact and obtained approximate solutions is also presented.