bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactisHN019 can reduce the sequelae of experimental periodontitis in rats modulating intestinal parameters, expression of lipogenic genes, and levels of hepatic steatosis
Authors: Moreira André L. G. , Silva Giselle A. , Silva Pedro H. F. , Salvador Sérgio L. , Vicente Raphael M. , Ferreira Graziele C. , Tanus‐Santos Jose E. , Mayer Marcia P. A. , Ishikawa Karin H. , de Souza Sérgio Luís Scombatti , Furlaneto Flávia A. C. , Messora Michel R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis HN019 (B. lactis HN019) can reduce the sequelae of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats modulating systemic parameters.BackgroundThis study evaluated the effects of probiotic therapy (PROB) in the prevention of local and systemic damage resulting from EP.MethodsForty‐eight rats were allocated into four groups: C (control), PROB, EP, and EP‐PROB. PROB (1 × 1010 CFU/mL) administration lasted 8 weeks and PE was induced on the 7th week by placing ligature on the animals' lower first molars. All animals were euthanized in the 9th week of the experiment. Biomolecular analyses, RT‐PCR, and histomorphometric analyses were performed. The data obtained were analyzed statistically (ANOVA, Tukey, p < .05).ResultsThe EP group had higher dyslipidemia when compared to the C group, as well as higher levels of insulin resistance, proteinuria levels, percentages of systolic blood pressure, percentage of fatty hepatocytes in the liver, and expression of adipokines was up‐regulated (LEPR, NAMPT, and FABP4). All these parameters (except insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, LEPR and FABP4 gene expression) were reduced in the EP‐PROB group when compared to the EP group. The EP group had lower villus height and crypt depth, as well as a greater reduction in Bacteroidetes and a greater increase in Firmicutes when compared to the EP‐PROB group. Greater alveolar bone loss was observed in the EP group when compared to the EP‐PROB group.ConclusionBifidobacterium lactis HN019 can reduce the sequelae of EP in rats modulating intestinal parameters, attenuating expression of lipogenic genes and hepatic steatosis.
Insurance–finance arbitrage
Authors: Artzner Philippe , Eisele Karl‐Theodor , Schmidt Thorsten 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost insurance contracts are inherently linked to financial markets, be it via interest rates, or—as hybrid products like equity‐linked life insurance and variable annuities—directly to stocks or indices. However, insurance contracts are not for trade except sometimes as surrender to the selling office. This excludes the situation of arbitrage by buying and selling insurance contracts at different prices. Furthermore, the insurer uses private information on top of the publicly available one about financial markets. This paper provides a study of the consistency of insurance contracts in connection with trades in the financial market with explicit mention of the information involved.By defining strategies on an insurance portfolio and combining them with financial trading strategies, we arrive at the notion of insurance–finance arbitrage (IFA). In analogy to the classical fundamental theorem of asset pricing, we give a fundamental theorem on the absence of IFA, leading to the existence of an insurance–finance‐consistent probability. In addition, we study when this probability gives the expected discounted cash‐flows required by the EIOPA best estimate.The generality of our approach allows to incorporate many important aspects, like mortality risk or general levels of dependence between mortality and stock markets. Utilizing the theory of enlargements of filtrations, we construct a tractable framework for insurance–finance consistent valuation.
A new type of phasin characterized by the presence of a helix‐hairpin‐helix domain is required for normal polyhydroxybutyrate accumulation and granule organization in Caulobacter crescentus
Authors: Salinas Ana Laura , Osorio Aurora , Legorreta‐Hissner Tonatiuh , Lara‐Martinez Reyna , Jimenez‐Garcia Luis Felipe , Camarena Laura , Poggio Sebastian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBacteria frequently store excess carbon in hydrophobic granules of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) that in some growth conditions can occupy most of the cytoplasmic space. Different types of proteins associate to the surface of the granules, mainly enzymes involved in the synthesis and utilization of the reserve polymer and a diverse group of proteins known as phasins. Phasins have different functions, among which are regulating the size and number of the granules, modulating the activity of the granule‐associated enzymes and helping in the distribution of the granules inside the cell. Caulobacter crescentus is an oligotrophic bacterium that shows several morphological and regulatory traits that allow it to grow in very nutrient‐diluted environments. Under these conditions, storage compounds should be particularly relevant for survival. In this work, we show an initial proteomic characterization of the PHB granules and describe a new type of phasin (PhaH) characterized by the presence of an N‐terminal hydrophobic helix followed by a helix‐hairpin‐helix (HhH) domain. The hydrophobic helix is required for maximal PHB accumulation and maintenance during the stationary phase while the HhH domain is involved in determining the size of the PHB granules and their distribution in the cell.
A case of Epstein–Barr virus infection presenting with facial nerve palsy following the precursor condition of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Ando Yuya , Kadoya Masato , Yoshioka Mikio , Murahara Nami , Fujii Hiroko , Takechi Chizuko , Aono Shigeaki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA 25‐year‐old man with infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein–Barr virus infection developed facial nerve palsy. He was admitted to the hospital due to prolonged fever with liver enzyme elevations, diagnosed as primary Epstein–Barr virus infection. During conservative management, his fever and liver dysfunction persisted, with elevated serum inflammatory marker levels, and the precursor state of Epstein–Barr virus‐associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was suspected. Although his symptoms and liver dysfunction trended toward amelioration after short‐term prednisolone, left‐sided facial palsy developed acutely. Facial palsy was considered Epstein–Barr virus infection‐related, and he recovered within 1 month following additional steroid therapy. Given the presence of the precursor condition of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis just prior to facial palsy, hypercytokinemia was considered a possible pathogenic mechanism for the facial palsy. In patients with Epstein–Barr virus infection, facial palsy may occur independently of the recovery of other symptoms, and cytokine disturbance may affect its development.
Host plant height explains the effect of nitrogen enrichment on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities
Authors: Cheng Yikang , Rutten Gemma , Liu Xiang , Ma Miaojun , Song Zhiping , Maaroufi Nadia I. , Zhou Shurong 
Published: July 2023

Summary
Nitrogen (N) enrichment is widely known to affect the root‐associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community in different ways, for example, via altering soil properties and/or shifting host plant functional structure. However, empirical knowledge of their relative importance is still lacking.
Using a long‐term N addition experiment, we measured the AMF community taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity at the single plant species (roots of 15 plant species) and plant community (mixed roots) levels. We also measured four functional traits of 35 common plant species along the N addition gradient.
We found divergent responses of AMF diversity to N addition for host plants with different innate heights (i.e. plant natural height under unfertilized treatment). Furthermore, our data showed that species‐specific responses of AMF diversity to N addition were negatively related to the change in maximum plant height. When scaling up to the community level, N addition affected AMF diversity mainly through increasing the maximum plant height, rather than altering soil properties.
Our results highlight the importance of plant height in driving AMF community dynamics under N enrichment at both species and community levels, thus providing important implications for understanding the response of AMF diversity to anthropogenic N deposition.
Common environmental stress responses in a model marine diatom
Authors: Li Zhengke , Zhang Yong , Li Wei , Irwin Andrew J. , Finkel Zoe V. 
Published: July 2023

Summary
Marine planktonic diatoms are among the most important contributors to phytoplankton blooms and marine net primary production. Their ecological success has been attributed to their ability to rapidly respond to changing environmental conditions.
Here, we report common molecular mechanisms used by the model marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana to respond to 10 diverse environmental stressors using RNA‐Seq analysis.
We identify a specific subset of 1076 genes that are differentially expressed in response to stressors that induce an imbalance between energy or resource supply and metabolic capacity, which we termed the diatom environmental stress response (d‐ESR). The d‐ESR is primarily composed of genes that maintain proteome homeostasis and primary metabolism. Photosynthesis is strongly regulated in response to environmental stressors but chloroplast‐encoded genes were predominantly upregulated while the nuclear‐encoded genes were mostly downregulated in response to low light and high temperature.
In aggregate, these results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms used by diatoms to respond to a range of environmental perturbations and the unique role of the chloroplast in managing environmental stress in diatoms. This study facilitates our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the ecological success of diatoms in the ocean.
A case study of the long‐term sustainability of an oral health program for persons experiencing homelessness
Authors: Lashley Mary 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStakeholders engaged in funding health programs and investing in human capital are concerned that their investments lead to beneficial long‐term outcomes and do not fade from existence when funding streams dry up. However, dissemination and implementation researchers often pay little attention to what happens after programs are implemented. An essential function of the public health nurse operating at the executive management or leadership level is to evaluate overall effectiveness, quality, and sustainability of programs and to design systems‐level quality initiatives and evaluation plans that foster program sustainability. This article applies a conceptual framework for sustainability to an oral health program serving persons experiencing homelessness, exploring the essential programmatic, community, and organizational factors that have positively impacted the long‐term sustainability of the program. Lessons learned from a model program that has thrived in a political and economic resource poor climate may assist the public health nurse in planning and developing health programs that can withstand the test of time even in the most challenging of circumstances.
Serum anti‐Spike immunoglobulin G levels in random blood donors in Italy: High‐titre convalescent plasma is easier than ever to procure
Authors: Focosi Daniele , Meschi Silvia , Coen Sabrina , Iorio Maria Carla , Franchini Massimo , Lanza Maria , Maggi Fabrizio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCOVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) has retained potency and clinical efficacy against SARS‐CoV‐2 and is currently of utmost value for seronegative immunocompromised patients. Since most of the effect is due to the vaccine boost of infection‐elicited antibodies, there is a theoretical concern that the frequency of suitable donors is declining.Materials and MethodsIn this single‐institution serosurvey, we screened 599 consecutive donors attending our area in two different seasons (300 in November 2022 and 299 in February 2023) using the Abbott Alinity® anti‐Spike immunoglobulin G assay.ResultsMore than 80% of random donors qualify according to the FDA criteria for high‐titre CCP (>4350 AU/mL), with a stable trend.ConclusionDespite reduced anti‐Spike vaccine boost deployment in the general population, we have shown here that high‐titre CCP units are easier than ever to procure. This finding also has implications for the derivation of standard immunoglobulins, which are finally approaching the potency of hyperimmune serum and could soon represent an alternative to CCP.
Evaluation of frontal and infratrochlear nerve blocks for standing sedated frontonasal sinusotomy in horses
Authors: Elliott Singen M. , Giancola Shyla C. , Moorman Valerie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if targeted blocking of frontal and infratrochlear nerves provided anesthesia for the approach to a frontonasal sinusotomy.Study designTwo part study: Part 1 randomized crossover design; Part 2 proof of concept. Animals: N = 12; six each in Parts 1 and 2.MethodsPart 1: Each horse had either frontal and infratrochlear nerve blocks or a line block performed with 2% mepivacaine hydrochloride. Mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNT) were obtained at five sites along a proposed frontonasal sinusotomy prior to injection, and at 10, 60, and 120 min after blocking. After a 4 day washout period, the opposite procedure was performed. Order of procedure and side of face were randomized. MNTs were analyzed using mixed‐model ANOVA with p < .05. Part 2: Frontal and infratrochlear nerve blocks were performed followed by creation of a skin/periosteal incision, which was closed at 2 h. Ability to create and suture the incision, and the size of the incision were recorded.ResultsFor part 1, both line and targeted blocks resulted in at least two times an increase in median MNT values at each of the five sites, as compared to baseline MNT values (p < .0025). In Part 2, incisions could be completed in five of six horses, with median incision size of 6.5 × 5 cm.ConclusionFollowing frontal and infratrochlear nerve blocks, MNTs were increased along a proposed frontonasal sinusotomy, and skin incisions could be created in the majority of horses.Clinical significanceFrontal and infratrochlear nerve blocks provide an alternative technique to create a frontonasal sinusotomy.
Size Effect in the Compression of 3D Polymerized Micro-Structures
Authors: Li Jiayu , Accardo Angelo , Liu Shutian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Micro/nanoscale additive manufacturing provides a powerful tool for advanced materials and structures with complex and precise features. For instance, the feature resolution of two-photon polymerization (2PP) can reach 200 nm. At this scale, materials properties can change, and the influence of the size effect cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is necessary to assess changes in the material mechanical properties considering size effects. In this work, several micrometric polymeric specimens are printed via 2PP, and their mechanical properties are assessed using compression tests. Detailed printing and testing procedures and the effects of parameter settings are provided. The experimental results show that the changes in the microstructures’ size have a direct effect on Young’s modulus. In particular, a large surface-volume ratio results in a higher Young’s modulus. In other words, the smaller the structure size, the higher the stiffness. The reported findings play a significant role in the development of fabrication strategies for polymeric microstructures where high stiffness accuracy is fundamental.
Study of γ-Ray Spectrum Measurement Analysis Algorithm of Radioactive Solid Waste Steel Boxes
Authors: Li Yurong , He Lixia , Wen Jing , Shao Jiewen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In accordance with safety requirements for the near-surface disposal of low and medium-level radioactive solid waste, accurate identification and measurement of radionuclide types and activities within steel boxes containing such waste are necessary. Conventional sampling techniques are impractical due to nonuniform internal filling and radioactive distribution in the steel boxes used for storage. Nondestructive measurement analysis techniques offer significant advantages by providing comprehensive measurements without causing damage to the steel boxes or generating secondary waste. Therefore, nondestructive techniques are widely applicable and superior to chemical analysis methods. This study presents an algorithm for analyzing γ-ray spectrum measurements of radioactive solid waste steel boxes by combining the traditional computed tomography (CT) principle with a discrete treatment approach. The progressive split voxel measurement method is utilized to discretely handle the radioactive solid waste steel boxes during the measurement and calculation process while considering the impact of voxel interactions on detection efficiency. A detection efficiency calibration model is established using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation in conjunction with the algebraic reconstruction technique (ART). Additionally, an inversion correction of the efficiency for the physically coincident portion of the detected voxel volume is performed during the measurement process. The proposed algorithm is initially applied to the analysis platform of steel boxes that store FA-IV-type radioactive solid waste. The algorithm's performance is further investigated and validated using standard radioactive sources with known activity levels. The results indicate that the relative deviation between the reconstruction results and the nominal values of radioactive activities in the steel boxes is less than 30%. These findings align with the expected results and satisfy the measurement analysis and warehousing processing requirements for waste generated from the decommissioning of China's 101 nuclear reactor. The proposed algorithm holds great potential for widespread application in related detection work.
Linear and Nonlinear Stability Analysis of Molten Salt Natural Circulation Loop
Authors: Srivastava A. K. , Saikrishna N. , Maheshwari N. K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A molten salt natural circulation loop (MSNCL) has been setup to study the steady-state, transient, and stability characteristics of molten nitrate salt, mixture of sodium nitrate, and potassium nitrate in 60:40 ratios by weight. Natural circulation experiments in a temperature range of 290 °C–600 °C have been performed. A semi-analytical linear model was derived for stability analysis of rectangular natural circulation loops with conventional localized surface heating and cooling. The developed model includes the effect of wall thermal inertia, variable internal heat transfer coefficient, finite secondary side heat transfer coefficient at cooler, and heat losses for predicting the stability map. These effects are incorporated considering their significant role in modeling high-temperature molten salt-based natural circulation systems. The developed model has been first validated with the experimental data of water loop available in literature. The developed model is then validated with the experimental data generated in MSNCL. Validation of in-house developed nonlinear model has also been performed against the same experimental data. The comparison of both linear and nonlinear stability analysis with the experimental data shows good agreement and articulates the importance of various parameters which have been included in the developed model.
Natural Convection in the Melting of Phase Change Materials in a Cylindrical Thermal Energy Storage System: Effects of Flow Arrangements of Heat Transfer Fluid and Associated Thermal Boundary Conditions
Authors: Uddin Meftah , Virk Akashdeep Singh , Park Chanwoo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Latent thermal energy storage systems (LTESS) have received widespread attention due to their high energy density to store a significant amount of thermal energy in the form of latent heat into phase change materials (PCM) at a nearly constant melting temperature. The thermal efficiency of LTESS is usually limited by poor heat conduction in PCM but enhanced by the natural convection of molten PCM. The natural convection increases the uniformity of temperature by mixing in a PCM enclosure and therefore increases the heat transfer rates and accelerates the melting. While there is negligible natural convection, periodic reciprocation of heat transfer fluid (HTF) through the PCM enclosure has been demonstrated to increase the heat transfer rates to PCM by increasing the melt interface area and reducing temperature gradients across PCM compared to fixed-directional flow arrangements. The current study examines the effects of HTF flow direction on the strength and duration of natural convection in PCM in a vertical cylindrical shell-and-tube container. Gallium is used as the PCM because of its low melting temperature and high thermal conductivity, and water is used as the HTF. A 2-D axisymmetric numerical model developed in ANSYS Fluent was used for the study of the cylindrical LTESS. The aspect ratio of the cylindrical container is nearly 1, which allows the generation of natural convection currents of strong magnitude in molten PCM in the vertical orientation. The irregular melting front in the PCM is caused by both natural convection in molten PCM and thermal boundary conditions for different HTF flow arrangements. The temperature and melting front profiles of PCM with the reciprocating flow arrangement are compared to unidirectional flows in upward and downward directions. The influence of HTF operating parameters such as temperature, velocity, and reciprocation period on PCM melting is studied. Scale analysis is also applied to characterize the different melting regimes of PCM under different flow arrangements.