bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Promising Potato Genotypes in Red Ant (Dorylus orientalis) Management
Authors: Gautam Janarjan , Ghimire Dipendra , Gadal Ashmita 
Published: April 2023

This experiment was carried out to identify appropriate potato genotypes for red ant management and increase the tuber yield of potato during 2020 and 2021 years. Eight different promising potato genotypes [1. PRP-056267.9 2. PRP-85861.11 3. CIP-394311.112 4. PRP-136368.1 5. PRP-22627.1 6. PRP-296668.1 7. Janakdev (standard check) and 8. Ilam local (Bite)] received from National Potato Research Program (NPRP), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal were included in the study. Experiment was conducted in previously red ant infected potato field in Completely Randomized Block Design with three replications. The experimental plot size was 5.4 m2 (3m x 1.8m) where planting tubers was done at 60 cm row to row and 25 cm plants to plant spacing. Fertilizers of NPK were applied at the rate of 100:100:60 kg /ha and 20 t/ha compost. Well sprouted tubers with weight 30-40 g were planted during the second week of February. Harvesting was done during the last week of July. Data on yield attributing traits, late blight disease, and number of red ant damaged tubers, red ant infested yield and healthy tuber yield were recorded. The standard check potato variety Janakdev (1.00 red ant score, 2.32 – 2.36 % red ant incidence percentage and 0.66 – 0. 71 t/ha red ant infected tuber yield ), PRP-056267.9 (1.00 red ant score, 4.51 – 5.10 % red ant incidence percentage and 0.56 – 0. 67 t/ha red ant infected tuber yield ) and PRP-85861.11 (1.00 red ant score, 4.55 – 5.47 % red ant incidence percentage and 0.76 – 0. 86 t/ha red ant infected tuber yield ) were found tolerant to red ant infestation and produced the highest tuber yield (27.74 t/ha – 28.62 t /ha by Janakdev variety followed by 21.79 - 22.26 t/ha by PRP-056267.9 and 21.09 - 21.05 t/ha by PRP-85861.11 potato genotypes). Therefore, planting of Janakdev variety as well as PRP-056267.9 and PRP-85861.11 potato genotypes is appropriate for higher potato tuber yield and lower down red ant incidence at Jaubari area.
Phytochemical and Anti-ulcer Properties of Allophylus africanus P Beauv. (Sapindaceae) Leaf
Authors: Ikenna Chikeokwu , C. Mba Theodora , Odoh Uche Estella , Ugwuoke Christopher 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Ulcer has remained a persistent discomforting illness commonly causes by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori and prolonged or excessive use of anti-inflammatory pain killers like aspirin. While existing cases are difficult to treat and ,treat new cases are being diagnosed. Current treatments do not seem to be giving much hope to patients. Natural product and plant-based preparation are offering some measure of hope. Allophylus africanus has been reported to be effective in traditional medicine as an anti-ulcer agent.
Objectives of the Study: This research aims to evaluate the antiulcer properties of the crude methanol extract of the leaf of the plant.
Methodology: The plant material was extracted using the cold maceration.
Methods: The acute toxicity was investigated according to Lorke’s method, while antiulcer activity was evaluated using stress and ethanol models, Omeprazole (200 mg/ml) was the reference drug. Phytochemical analysis of the crude extract was carried out using standard methods.
Results: The crude extract is non-toxic at a below 5000 mg/kg dose. Preliminary phytochemical tests showed the presence of alkaloids. Saponins, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, terpenoids etc. There was no significant between the activity of the standard drug (omeprazole 20mg/kg) and the crude extract (500 mg/kg) at (P ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: A. africanus has ulcer prevention activity and its use in the treatment of ulcer in ethnomedicine is justified.
Diagnosis and Management of Prediabetes
Authors: Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B. , Perreault Leigh , Ji Linong , Dagogo-Jack Sam 
Published: April 2023

ImportancePrediabetes, an intermediate stage between normal glucose regulation and diabetes, affects 1 in 3 adults in the US and approximately 720 million individuals worldwide.ObservationsPrediabetes is defined by a fasting glucose level of 100 to 125 mg/dL, a glucose level of 140 to 199 mg/dL measured 2 hours after a 75-g oral glucose load, or glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1C) of 5.7% to 6.4% or 6.0% to 6.4%. In the US, approximately 10% of people with prediabetes progress to having diabetes each year. A meta-analysis found that prediabetes at baseline was associated with increased mortality and increased cardiovascular event rates (excess absolute risk, 7.36 per 10 000 person-years for mortality and 8.75 per 10 000 person-years for cardiovascular disease during 6.6 years). Intensive lifestyle modification, consisting of calorie restriction, increased physical activity (≥150 min/wk), self-monitoring, and motivational support, decreased the incidence of diabetes by 6.2 cases per 100 person-years during a 3-year period. Metformin decreased the risk of diabetes among individuals with prediabetes by 3.2 cases per 100 person-years during 3 years. Metformin is most effective for women with prior gestational diabetes and for individuals younger than 60 years with body mass index of 35 or greater, fasting plasma glucose level of 110 mg/dL or higher, or HbA1c level of 6.0% or higher.Conclusions and RelevancePrediabetes is associated with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular events, and mortality. First-line therapy for prediabetes is lifestyle modification that includes weight loss and exercise or metformin. Lifestyle modification is associated with a larger benefit than metformin.
Evictions and Infant and Child Health Outcomes
Authors: Ramphal Bruce , Keen Ryan , Okuzuno Sakurako S. , Ojogho Dennis , Slopen Natalie 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceMillions of rental evictions occur in the United States each year, disproportionately affecting households with children. Increasing attention has been paid to the impact of evictions on child health outcomes.ObjectiveTo synthesize and assess studies examining the associations of eviction exposure with infant and child health outcomes.Evidence ReviewFor this systematic review without meta-analysis, a database search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO, through September 25, 2022. Included studies were peer-reviewed quantitative studies examining an association between exposure to eviction and at least 1 health outcome, both before age 18 years, including prenatal exposures and perinatal outcomes. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Data were analyzed from March 3 to December 7, 2022.FindingsDatabase searches identified 266 studies, and 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Six studies examined associations between prenatal eviction and birth outcomes, such as gestational age, and each found that eviction was significantly associated with at least 1 adverse birth outcome. Five studies investigated other childhood outcomes, including neuropsychological test scores, parent-rated child health, lead testing rates, and body mass index, and among these 5 studies, 4 reported an association between eviction and adverse child health outcomes. Direct experience of eviction or residence in a neighborhood with more evictions was associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in 6 studies, higher neurodevelopmental risk in 2 studies, worse parent-rated child health in 2 studies, and less lead testing in 1 study. Study designs and methods were largely robust.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review without meta-analysis of the association between evictions and child health outcomes, evidence demonstrated the deleterious associations of eviction with a range of developmental periods and domains. In the context of a rental housing affordability crisis, ongoing racial disparities in evictions, and continuing harm to millions of families, health care practitioners and policy makers have an integral role to play in supporting safe, stable housing for all.
Effects of mindfulness decompression therapy on mental health and job burnout among nurses working in the frontline of the novel coronavirus pandemic: A retrospective study
Authors: Luo Ling Xia , Peng Xiaobei , Hou Jianmei , Xie Yanhui , Dong Huiqian , Peng Sha , Ma Guiyuan , Zhang Jinghui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to spread worldwide, nucleic acid detection is a key step in controlling it. Psychological issues and job burnout of nurses working in nucleic acid sampling roles for long periods have become apparent. This study aimed to explore the effects of mindfulness decompression therapy on mental health and job burnout in front-line nurses working in nucleic acid sampling during the pandemic.

Methods
Nucleic acid sampling frontline nurses who were positive for burnout on both the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Scale (MBI-GS) were selected as the participants. Frontline nurses in the nucleic acid testing area who received routine psychological nursing intervention from June 2020 to April 2021 were used as the control group. Nurses who received both routine psychological nursing and mindfulness decompression therapy from May 2021 to December 2021 formed the “mindfulness” subject group. We compared the two groups’ primary outcome measures of SCL-90 and MBI-GS scores.

Results
Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in general data, SCL-90 scores, and MBI-GS scores. After the mindfulness decompression therapy, according to SCL-90 and MBI-GS scales, psychological distress and job burnout of nurses in the mindfulness group were significantly better than those in the control group.

Conclusion
Mindfulness decompression therapy can effectively improve mental health and relieve job burnout in frontline nurses in nucleic acid sampling areas, which is worthy of clinical application. Randomized controlled trials are still needed, however, to fully confirm the effects of mindfulness decompression therapy.
Where should they come from? Where should they go? Several measures of seed source locality fail to predict plant establishment in early prairie restorations
Authors: Pizza Riley B. , Foster Jared , Brudvig Lars A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring the “decade on restoration,” we must understand how to reliably re‐establish native plant populations. When establishing populations through seed addition, practitioners often prioritize obtaining seed from locations geographically near the restoration site (i.e. “local seed sourcing”). They are assumed to be under similar environmental conditions to the restoration site and should establish more robust plant populations and preserve local biotic interactions better than seeds sourced from further away. However, this assumption remains virtually untested in realistic restoration settings and the importance of seed sourcing, relative to other factors such as seeding rate and management regimes, is unclear.To determine if seed sourcing decision impacts plant establishment, abundance and phenology, we developed a partnership between university‐researchers and a native seed producer that kept records on where their seed was sourced from and where it was planted. At each site, we recorded the abundance and phenological stage of five commonly used tallgrass prairie restoration species seeded at 24 sites undergoing restoration across Michigan. We considered two measures of seed source locality: geographic distance (seeds were sourced from locations 6–750 km away from their respective restoration sites) and environmental distance. We also obtained data on the seeding rate and post‐seeding management at each site.We found that no measure of seed source locality predicted the likelihood of plant establishment or abundance at restoration sites. However, sites sown with seed from further away, or from cooler and wetter climates, had a greater proportion of flowering individuals earlier in the season. Finally, sites with higher seeding rates had greater plant abundance, and post‐seeding management of the restoration site increased the likelihood a species would establish by 36%.Overall, these results support that seed sourcing decisions did not impact plant establishment or abundance in our system. However, using less‐local seed sources may alter flowering phenology.Our results suggest that tallgrass prairie restoration efforts should prioritize higher seeding rates, post‐seeding management, and might expand the region seed sources are considered “local”, though this may impact flowering phenology. Future research leveraging native seed producer records can help answer critical questions about restoration seed sourcing.
Beliefs, Experiences, and Openness Regarding Dietary Interventions: Data From an Urban Hispanic Population With Rheumatic Disease in the US
Authors: Lee Sandy , Rodman Jack , Hsu Vera , Wise Leanna 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo obtain descriptive data on the beliefs, behaviors, and openness regarding dietary changes for rheumatic diseases in an urban US Hispanic patient population with rheumatic disease as foundational data for future intervention design.MethodsWe distributed a voluntary survey to our primarily Hispanic population at an outpatient rheumatology clinic for 19 weeks. This survey queried individuals’ behaviors as they related to dietary intake used for the treatment of rheumatic disease, perceptions of the effect of food groups on rheumatic disease activity, barriers to physician‐recommended diets, and willingness to try future interventions. We used descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi‐square test to evaluate associations.ResultsMore than 40% of survey respondents from our primarily (88%) Hispanic population noted a link between what they ate and their underlying rheumatic disease activity. More than one‐third of patients had, at some point, modified dietary intake to affect their rheumatic disease. Vegetables, fruit, and white meats were commonly reported to improve disease, while red meat and processed foods were reported to worsen disease. Barriers to following a prespecified diet included cost and lack of knowledge. More than 70% of respondents indicated willingness to attempt certain eating patterns should it help their underlying rheumatic disease.ConclusionIn this primarily Hispanic rheumatic disease patient population, many have not only noted a correlation between dietary intake and rheumatic disease activity but are also open to future nutrition‐related interventions. As this population experiences poor rheumatic disease outcomes and a high rate of lifestyle‐related comorbidities, an intervention to optimize healthy eating patterns would likely be beneficial as well as acceptable.
Fixed‐time prescribed performance optimization control for the speed and tension system of the cold strip rolling mill with output constraints
Authors: Liu Le , Li Qinghua , Lin Zhipeng , Fang Yiming 
Published: April 2023

SummaryFor the speed and tension system of the reversible cold strip rolling mill with output constraints, parameter perturbations and load disturbance, a fixed‐time prescribed performance optimization control method is proposed based on disturbance observers in this article. First, the disturbance observers are constructed to estimate the system's unmatched uncertainties, and the observer errors can converge in fixed time. Second, a time‐varying logarithmic barrier Lyapunov function (TLBLF) is given and combined with the command filtered backstepping approach, the fixed‐time control and the prescribed performance control to complete the controller designs for the speed and tension system of the cold strip rolling mill, which make the system states converge in fixed time and are always constrained within predefined ranges. Third, particle swarm optimization‐gray wolf optimization (PSO_GWO) hybrid intelligent algorithm is used to optimize the main control parameters of the designed controllers, which further improves the convergence speed and steady‐state accuracy of the rolling mill system. Theoretical analysis proves that the proposed control method can ensure the closed‐loop system is stable in fixed time. Finally, the simulation comparison study is carried out by using the field actual data of a reversible cold strip mill system, and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Amplified ROS Cascade: FeS@GOx Hybrid Nanozyme Designed for Boosting Tumor Chemodynamic Immunotherapy
Authors: Sun Wanying , Zhu Chengyuan , Song Juan , Ji Shi‐Chen , Jiang Bang‐Ping , Liang Hong , Shen Xing‐Can 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChemodynamic immunotherapy that utilizes catalysts to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) for killing tumor cells and arousing antitumor immunity has received considerable attention. However, it is still restricted by low ROS production efficiency and insufficient immune activation, due to intricate redox homeostasis in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a metalloprotein‐like hybrid nanozyme (FeS@GOx) is designed by in situ growth of nanozyme (ferrous sulfide, FeS) in a natural enzyme (glucose oxidase, GOx) to amplify ROS cascade for boosting chemodynamic immunotherapy. In FeS@GOx, GOx allows the conversion of endogenous glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide, which provides favorable increasing hydrogen peroxide for subsequent Fenton reaction of FeS nanozymes, thus reinforcing ROS production. Notably, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) release is activated by the gluconic acid generation‐related pH decrease, which can suppress the activity of endogenous thioredoxin reductase and catalase to further inhibit ROS elimination. Thus, FeS@GOx can sustainably amplify ROS accumulation and perturb intracellular redox homeostasis to improve chemodynamic therapy and trigger robust immunogenic cell death for effective immunotherapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade. This work proposes a feasible H2S amplified ROS cascade strategy employing a bioinspired hybrid nanozyme, providing a novel pathway to multi‐enzyme‐mediated TME modulation for precise and efficient chemodynamic immunotherapy.
Single‐Atom and Hierarchical‐Pore Aerogel Confinement Strategy for Low‐Platinum Fuel Cells
Authors: Luo Yi , Li Ke , Chen Yongting , Feng Junzong , Wang Lukai , Jiang Yonggang , Li Liangjun , Yu Gang , Feng Jian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAchieving high catalytic performance through the lowest possible content of platinum (Pt) is the key to cost reduction of proton‐exchange‐membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, lowering the Pt loading in PEMFCs leads to the high mass‐transport resistance of oxygen originating from the limited active sites, and causes less stability of the catalysts due to Pt size growth after long‐time operation. Herein, Pt–metal/metal–N–C aerogel catalysts are designed that substantially reduce oxygen‐related mass transport resistance and have long‐term durability. The tailoring of the Fe–N–C aerogel support with hierarchical and interconnecting pores enable a low local oxygen transport resistance (0.18 s cm−1) for PEMFCs with ultralow Pt loading (50 ± 5 µgPt cm−2). Chemical confinement of Fe─N sites ensures high stability of the loaded‐Pt both in the processes of synthesis up to 1000 °C and practical application in PEMFCs. The ultralow Pt PEMFC displays a low voltage loss of 8 mV at 0.80 A cm−2 and unchanged electrochemical surface area after 60 000 cycles of accelerated durability testing. The allying of the hierarchical pores, the aerogel, and the single atoms can fully reflect their structural advantages and expand the understanding for the synthesis of advanced fuel cell PEMFCs catalysts.
The High‐Strength, Flexible Organic Solvent Driven Reversible “Deformation‐Recovery‐Reverse Deformation” Responsive g‐PLA/PPC/PVA Film for Contactless Actuation
Authors: Zhang Yan , Sun Tianyi , Zhang Dashuai , Li Chen , Liu Jinrui , Li Bangsen , Shi Zaifeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe non‐contact deformation response driven by organic solvent has potential applications in the fields of intelligent devices, soft robots, sensing detection, and biomedical micro‐devices. The modified polyactic acid (g‐PLA)/polypropyl carbonate (PPC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sandwich with deformation response film is prepared by the asymmetric swelling response mechanism. Specially, the flexible sandwich film achieves the non‐contact driving response of “deformation‐recovery‐reverse deformation”, showing excellent deformation performance. The curvature of sandwich film reaches 13.79 cm−1 within 15 s, and the film recovers to its initial state within 3 s, then the curvature of the reverse coil reaches 18.18 cm−1 within 15 s and finally achieves a stable state. This special phenomenon is caused by the different adsorption swelling and desorption rates of volatile organic solvents in g‐PLA, PPC, and PVA layers. Additionally, the flexible film has high strength, reversible circulation, and stable actuation performance. The application scenarios of the bionic flower actuator, artificial octopus, intelligent protective cover, and transportable objects are successfully implemented. This work will significantly provide substantial guidance for the development of intelligent driving technology in the future.
Air‐Working Electrochemical Actuator and Ionic Sensor Based on Manganese Dioxide/Gelatin‐Glycerol Composites
Authors: Wu Runni , Kwan Kin Wa , Wang Yahua , Ngan Alfonso Hing Wan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSoft materials with large actuation and strain sensing are highly sought after for robotic applications. There are several electrochemical material systems capable of both functions, but as they are developed into air‐working systems, the deformation is compromised by the electrolyte packaging so that they actuate less than in liquid environments. This study develops a novel air‐working film‐actuator by compositing manganese dioxide, which actuates by electrochemical redox reactions, and gelatin‐glycerol hydrogel, which serves not only as the electrolyte for the manganese dioxide but also provides strain sensing function. By properly designing the compositions of the materials and structure, the composite film can produce large bending actuation. Depending on the application and structure adopted, the actuator can produce a tip displacement equal to its own length, a bending angle of >360°, or a radius of curvature of 2.5 mm, which is a very large actuation compared to other air‐working film actuators. Different bending modes or shapes can be achieved by the independent actuating hinges fabricated on the actuator, and strain sensing function and resilient recovery from external compression are achievable by the hydrogel. With these properties, the material system is used to fabricate a robotic inchworm to demonstrate its capability in robotic applications.