bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Urogenital Pain: Examining the Mediating Effects of Negative Affect and Pain Catastrophizing
Authors: Heule Marjorie , Krasean Laura , Tomakowsky Janice , Abro Britney , Lumley Mark A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with later psychological and somatic problems, including the emotional sequelae of adverse events (depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing) and outcomes such as chronic pain intensity and pain‐related functioning. ACE have rarely been studied in women with pelvic, urogenital, and/or bladder pain (PUBP).AimsThus, we examined how childhood adversities are related to psychological and pain‐related outcomes in adult women. We also tested whether negative affect and pain catastrophizing mediated the relationship between ACE and pain‐related outcomes.MethodsA consecutive series of 310 adult women who presented at a tertiary urology center and reported PUBP completed an intake packet, which included the ACE Questionnaire as well as measures of psychological mediators and pain‐related outcomes.ResultsElevated ACEs were significantly associated with higher pain interference and vaginal insertion pain, as well as significantly related to negative affect (depression and anxiety) and pain catastrophizing. Both negative affect and pain catastrophizing were found to mediate the relationship of ACE to pain intensity and interference; however, only pain catastrophizing mediated the relationship between ACE and vaginal insertion pain.ConclusionsThese results suggest that ACEs may impact some pain‐related outcomes in women with PUBP by influencing negative affect and pain catastrophizing. Thus, these processes are important targets for intervention in individuals with PUBP and a history of adverse childhood events.Trial registration: This study does not require a clinical trial registration because it is not a clinical trial.
Why Larger Signatures on Solicitation Letters Increase Donations
Authors: Kettle Keri L. , Penner Sara , Main Kelley J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDonation solicitation letters contain a signature block featuring the personal signature and name of the individual endorsing the letter. In three studies, we find that the size of the personal signature appearing in the signature block predictably affects donor responses to solicitation letters, with larger signatures generating bigger donations. We first observe this effect in a large‐scale field experiment conducted with a hospital foundation: for the identical solicitation letter, increasing the sender's signature size generated nearly 100% more donation revenue. In two laboratory experiments, we find that individuals who receive a letter with a larger personal signature are willing to donate more because they believe the organization will have a greater impact. We discuss theoretical contributions to our understanding of identity symbols and practical implications for non‐profit organizations.
A Practitioner‐Informed Decision Tree for Selecting Harmful Cyanobacteria Bloom Control and Mitigation Techniques
Authors: Tullos Desirée , Skinner Megan M. , Paerl Hans W. , Preece Ellen P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHarmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCBs) threaten ecological and human health, and their incidence and magnitude appear to be rising globally. However, a lack of guidance exists on how to choose the best HCB control and mitigation strategy for different types of water bodies. The portfolio of available in situ control techniques is diverse, ranging from experimental to well established, with complicated and poorly‐documented records of effectiveness across different settings and a range of unintended ecological consequences. We introduce a decision tree that synthesizes current science and practitioner experience in a framework that can be used to examine conditions under which HCB control techniques are likely to be appropriate and most effective. The factors that establish branching and the classification of techniques within the decision tree were based on the review of peer‐reviewed and gray literature, and on responses to a national survey. Key factors influencing the feasibility and effectiveness of HCB control include whether nutrient loads are sourced externally or internally, the size of the treatment area, and the vulnerability of and regulations governing the receiving water body. Survey results point to important regional differences in the application of HCB control techniques, whereas demonstration of the decision tree with real‐world case studies highlights some of the practical issues managers face in making decisions about treatment techniques. provides a comprehensive review of current science, appropriate use, and costs for individual techniques.
Detection Rate and Concordance of 4D‐MDCT, US, and Tc99m MIBI Imaging in the Detection of Ectopic and Intrathyroidal Parathyroid Adenomas
Authors: Abts Trevor , Vu Thinh , Perrier Nancy D. , Wang Yunyi , Ning Jing , Debnam J. Matthew 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrimary hyperparathyroidism is often caused by parathyroid adenomas (PAs), which can be ectopic (EPAs) or intrathyroidal (ITPAs). Accurate localization is crucial for effective surgical intervention. This study aimed to determine the detection rate of four‐dimensional multidetector computed tomography (4D‐MDCT), ultrasonography (US), and technetium 99 m sestamibi scintigraphy (MIBI) in detecting EPAs and ITPAs. Additionally, we explored the role of ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (US‐FNA) and evaluated correlations between parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, adenoma size, and detection performance.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 28 patients with 29 EPAs and 27 patients with 27 ITPAs who underwent 4D‐MDCT, US (including cine Doppler US and US‐FNA), and/or MIBI at our institution. Data were collected on demographics, laboratory values, imaging findings, and intraoperative findings. The detection rate was calculated for each imaging modality and their combination. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between PTH level, adenoma size, and detection performance.ResultsThe detection rate of EPAs was 96% for 4D‐MDCT, 97% for MIBI, and 46% for US. The detection rate of ITPAs was 96% for US, 65% for 4D‐MDCT, and 58% for MIBI. Combined multimodality imaging with results concordant between two or more modalities achieved an overall detection rate of 87%. For ITPAs, smaller PA size was associated with significantly worse MIBI detection performance (p < 0.05). The PTH level was not associated with detection performance.ConclusionsOur study highlights the superior detection rate of 4D‐MDCT and MIBI for EPAs and US for ITPAs. Combining imaging modalities enhances the diagnostic detection rate.
Sustainable Earnings for a Resilient Economic System
Authors: Charles Aurelie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
What makes an economic system resilient? It is one that first recognises the role of group behaviour in financial accumulation and manages to redirect its excesses where needed. This Chapter therefore look at the bubbling effect of group accumulation affecting the resilience of the entire system of financial flows, before describing how to improve the fluidity and resilience of the system. Applying such understanding to the Sustainable Development Goals, I then go on to look at the local and national governance systems necessary to facilitate a fluid and resilient system or resource and financial flows. Whether improving the fluidity and resilience of the entire system of financial flows occur would depend on taking ‘groupism’ rather than ‘individualism’ seriously in policy-making. Ironically enough, it is also an individual task for each of us to go back to the point of experienced utility in decision-making: sensing the ecological context of decision-making to trigger the individual responsibility of one’s ecological footprint.
Challenge, Engagement and Decline, 1958–1977
Authors: Woodin Tom , Vernon Keith , Shaw Linda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Just as the College was expanding, the co-operative movement found itself on the brow of a precipitous decline. Many solutions were developed and discussed, notably by the 1958 Independent Commission, although actual change was almost impossible to co-ordinate in a voluntarist and democratic movement. Yet, the College managed to retain a virtually full cohort into the 1970s forging a unique blend of technical education, liberal studies and education for social change. This took place within an international atmosphere marked by the Cold War and the independence of many former colonies. While co-operative education was on the defensive, the role of the College became more important within a movement shedding its array of educational activities. New training initiatives were developed. The College was not only the primary location for serious, intensive co-operative education and research, but also played a symbolic role as a shrine which represented what the movement stood for.
Infant Hippocampal Segmentation in Ultra-Low-Field MRI Using External Datasets with Diverse Field Strengths
Authors: Zhou Weichen , Li Jingyu , Wang Xi , Wang Yuwan , Lyu Mengye 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ultra-low-field (uLF) MRI is a promising technology for expanding access to MRI in resource-limited settings, but it presents significant image analysis challenges, particularly in the segmentation of small brain structures. One such structure is the hippocampus, which is crucial for monitoring the neurodevelopment after birth. In this study, we developed a hippocampal segmentation method using the nnUNet framework, exploring various training strategies, including using additional labeled high-field (HF) and unlabeled low-field (LF) data. Our results show that integrating external datasets improves segmentation accuracy over using uLF data alone, even with substantial differences in imaging parameters and field strengths. This approach highlights the importance of leveraging diverse datasets to enhance the performance of segmentation models in low-quality imaging modalities, potentially leading to better diagnostic capabilities in challenging clinical environments.
Women’s Public Participation and Political Activism During the Troubles
Authors: Eitrem Holmgren Linda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter analyses women’s activism and public citizen participation during the Troubles in Northern Ireland (1968–1998). It discusses how women became politicised as women during the conflict and the ideas which underpinned solidarity between them in the different settings. This chapter explores several different forms of activism with examples to illustrate their attributes and overall trends. First, women’s involvement in ethno-nationalist activities within Loyalist and Republican paramilitaries and Unionist and Nationalist political parties is analysed. Second, women’s community organising, maternal activism and “family feminism” is explored. Third, women’s feminist activism for civil rights and women’s rights is addressed, including how difference has been dealt with when building feminist alliances in a divided society. This chapter is concluded with a discussion of transversal politics and intersectional feminist activism by looking at activism for gender equality and gender-just peace, including the work of the Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition.
Press freedom and stringency measures: the role of energy consumption during COVID-19 lockdowns
Authors: Bhattacharya Mita , Yan Eric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Effective disaster management is necessary for saving lives during any pandemic period. However, it is debatable whether higher stringency measures harm the livelihood (proxied by electricity consumption) of citizens. A negative impact (if any) can be alleviated by higher press freedom, given that higher information transparency is supported by the literature in facilitating government and public responses to a pandemic. We consider the recent COVID-19 pandemic for the empirical analysis. To analyze the impact, we estimate the responsiveness of electricity consumption due to the rate of changes in COVID-19 stringency measures. We compare the responsiveness value between countries of high- and low-press-freedom groups. The data cover the period between January 01, 2020, and December 31, 2021, for 240 countries. The finding suggests the robustness of higher press freedom in alleviating the negative impact of COVID-19 stringency measures. This conclusion holds even when using per capita GDP as a measure of livelihood instead of electricity consumption.
Global, regional and national temporal trends in incidence and mortality of non-Hodgkin lymphoma from 1992 to 2021: an age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Tang Shanshan , Cao Jin , Jiang Denan , Zhu Longzhu , Luo Zeyu , Shan Shiyi , Zhou Jiali , Ying Jiayao , Wu Jing , Song Peige , Li Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to provide an overview of temporal trends in incidence and mortality of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) from 1992 to 2021 at global, regional, and national levels, with a special focus on their associations with age, period and cohort. Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. We presented temporal trends in NHL incidence and mortality for the world and 204 countries and territories from 1992 to 2021. An age-period-cohort (APC) model was adopted to estimate net drifts (overall annual percentage change), local drifts (annual percentage change in each age group), longitudinal age curves (expected longitudinal age-specific rate), and period (cohort) relative risks. Results: The global age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for NHL were 7.14 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 6.58, 7.66) and 3.19 (95% UI: 2.93, 3.44) per 100,000 population in 2021, respectively. From 1992 to 2021, the global net drift of incidence rate was 0.11% (95% confidential intervals [CI]: 0.07%, 0.15%) per year, ranging from - 0.60% (95% CI: -0.66%, -0.54%) in high socio-demographic index (SDI) region to 1.51% (95% CI: 1.46%, 1.57%) in middle SDI region, with 100 countries and territories presenting increasing trends. Similar patterns can be found in the net drift of mortality rate, with 19 countries and territories showing upward trends. Age effects illustrated that incidence and mortality risks progressively increased with advancing age across different SDI regions. Period effects on incidence presented rising risks in high-middle, middle and low-middle SDI regions, whereas on mortality exhibited persistent downward trends in high and high-middle SDI regions. High-middle and middle SDI regions presented initially unfavourable and then favourable trends in incidence and mortality risks across successive birth cohorts. A strong heterogeneity was found in age, period and cohort effects on incidence and mortality across countries. Conclusions: Despite observing an increasing temporal trend in NHL incidence, coupled with a declining trend in mortality, NHL represented a substantial public health challenge worldwide. Temporal trends in NHL were not completely commensurate with socioeconomic development and varied widely across countries. Timely intervention should be conducted, especially for middle-aged and aged individuals.
Experimental and numerical study of direct sub-20fs multi-pass-cell post-compression of up to 4mJ, 80W Yb-based lasers
Authors: Hergott Jean-François , Réau Fabrice , Tcherbakoff Olivier , Lepetit Fabien , Lericheux Nicolas , Guer Matthieu , Marroux Hugo , Géneaux Romain , Tyagi Akansha , Cazali Romain , Nonnon Pierre , Bresteau David , Ruchon Thierry , Salières Pascal , Auguste Thierry 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, various methods for laser pulse post-compression have demonstrated their effectiveness. Nonlinear spectral broadening, achieved by coupling an ultrafast pulse into a gas-filled multi-pass cell (MPC), typically enables pulse compression factors exceeding 20, depending on the initial pulse duration. In this work, we report the direct post-compression of four Yb-based commercial laser systems to sub-20 fs durations, with energies up to 4 mJ and initial pulse durations ranging from 320 fs to 450 fs, using argon-filled MPCs. Each MPC was specifically designed to operate at a fixed optimal point for each laser, achieving the shortest possible pulse duration. Numerical simulations reproducing the experimental data highlight the critical influence of the driver pulse’s temporal profile on the shape of the broadened spectra. These simulations are compared with the experimental results, demonstrating strong agreement.
Heart failure with supranormal ejection fraction: clinical characteristics and outcomes compared to mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Segev Amitai , Ishay Rotem Tal-Ben , Metra Marco , Maor Elad , Freimark Dov , Younis Anan , Beigel Roy , Matetzky Shlomi , Grupper Avishay 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the recently emerging entity, heart failure with supranormal ejection fraction (HFsnEF).

Objective
To describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of HFsnEF, compared to HF with mildly reduced EF (HFmrEF) and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) patients.

Design
A single center retrospective analysis.

Patients
Hospitalized and ambulatory heart failure (HF) patients who underwent echocardiography with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 40%.

Main measures
Clinical and echocardiographic parameters, hospitalization rates and mortality.

Key results
A total of 6,202 patients (mean age 81.4 ± 14.1 years, 52% females) were analyzed: 750 in the HFmrEF group (LVEF 41–49%), 4360 in the HFpEF group (LVEF 50–64%), and 1092 in the HFsnEF group (LVEF ≥ 65%). Patients were followed for a median of 32 (11–65) months. HFsnEF patients were older, predominantly female, exhibited higher hypertension prevalence, more severe LV hypertrophy, smaller LV dimensions, and higher filling pressures compared to the other groups (p < 0.001 for all). These features were consistent in both hospitalized and ambulatory patients. In a univariable model, HFsnEF patients had higher mortality rates compared to HFmrEF and HFpEF patients (HR 1.258, 95% CI 1.117–1.418; p < 0.001 and HR 1.112, 95% CI 1.023–1.208; p = 0.012, respectively). However, in a multivariable model, adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, and echocardiographic parameters, there was no significant difference in the mortality rates between all groups. The total hospitalization rate was similar between the HFpEF and HFsnEF groups, and lower in the HFmrEF group (p = 0.022). However, the HFsnEF group had the lowest rate of HF-related hospitalizations (p = 0.002).

Conclusion
HFsnEF represents a group of patients with a distinct clinical and echocardiographic profile accompanied by worse outcomes, likely mediated by older age and a higher comorbidity burden, compared to HFmrEF and HFpEF. Therefore, the supranormal EF may serve as a marker rather than an independent prognostic factor.

Graphical abstract
Diagnostic performance of attenuation imaging versus controlled attenuation parameter for hepatic steatosis with MRI-based proton density fat fraction as the reference standard: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Nishimura Takashi , Tada Toshifumi , Akita Tomoyuki , Kondo Reiichiro , Suzuki Yasuaki , Imajo Kento , Kokubu Shigehiro , Abe Tamami , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Hirooka Masashi , Hiasa Yoichi , Nogami Asako , Nakajima Atsushi , Ogawa Sadanobu , Toyoda Hidenori , Oeda Satoshi , Takahashi Hirokazu , Eguchi Yuichiro , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Yano Hirohisa , Tanaka Junko , Moriyasu Fuminori , Kage Masayoshi , Kumada Takashi , Iijima Hiroko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Attenuation Imaging (ATI) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) are non-invasive ultrasound-based methods for diagnosing hepatic steatosis. However, reports on the clinical usefulness of ATI are limited. We aimed to compare the ability of ATI and CAP to diagnose hepatic steatosis with magnetic resonance imaging–based proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) as the reference standard.

Methods
We performed a prospective multicenter study of 562 patients with chronic liver disease who underwent ATI, CAP, and MRI-PDFF. Patients with skin-to-liver capsule distance (SCD) ≤ 25 mm underwent CAP with an M probe; those with SCD > 25 mm underwent CAP with an XL probe. MRI-PDFF was used as the reference standard: S0 corresponds to MRI-PDFF < 5.2%, S1 to 5.2% ≤ MRI-PDFF < 11.3%, S2 to 11.3% ≤ MRI-PDFF < 17.1%, and S3 to MRI-PDFF ≥ 17.1%.

Results
The correlation coefficients for ATI and MRI-PDFF stratified by body mass index (< 30, ≥ 30 kg/m2), SCD (< 25, ≥ 25 mm), 2-dimensional share wave elastography (< 1.8 m/s), fibrosis-4 index (≤ 2.67), albumin–bilirubin score (< − 2.60) and type IV collagen 7 s (< 5.0 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those for CAP and MRI-PDFF. Areas under the receiver operating characteristics (95% CI) for ATI and CAP were 0.895 (0.869–0.922) and 0.845 (0.809–0.881) for ≥ S1 steatosis, 0.944 (0.926–0.963) and 0.881(0.852–0.910) for ≥ S2 steatosis, and 0.928 (95% CI 0.906–0.950) and 0.860 (95% CI 0.829–0.890) for S3 steatosis. ATI had higher diagnostic performance for all hepatic steatosis grades than CAP.

Conclusions
ATI is a more useful non-invasive method for diagnosing hepatic steatosis than CAP.
Spectrum of the axially loaded Timoshenko rod
Authors: Hohls K. A. , Van Rensburg N. F. J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The response to excitation in the axially loaded Timoshenko rod is greatly influenced by the type of axial load, which could be compressive or tensile. The results presented in this article have practical applications, particularly when the axial load is compressive, as non-positive eigenvalues indicate possible buckling. The mathematical model leads to an eigenvalue problem. Abstract theory from a recent article is presented and applied, demonstrating that partial sums of modal solutions converge to a solution of the model problem. This enables one to predict the response of a given structure to excitation.
Geostatistischer Datensatz zur Temperaturauswirkung (0–80 °C) auf die Hydrochemie pleistozäner Grundwasserleiter – Labor- und Feldexperimente für gelöste Hauptkomponenten
Authors: Lüders Klas , Hornbruch Götz , Köber Ralf , Ebert Markus , Dahmke Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Das Klimaschutzpotenzial einer verstärkten thermischen Nutzung des oberflächennahen Untergrundes als saisonaler Speicher bleibt bisher weitestgehend ungenutzt. Als Hindernis wird häufig die Besorgnis vor negativen Veränderungen der Grundwasserchemie angeführt, welche für den Hochtemperatur-Bereich (HT-Bereich) (≤ 90 °C) jedoch größtenteils auf relativ einfachen Laboruntersuchungen beruht. Mit der Zusammenstellung (un)publizierter Labor- und Felddaten für Corg-arme, teilentkalkte pleistozäne bzw. jungtertiäre Lockersedimente wird dieser Diskussion hier eine erste empirische Datengrundlage gegeben. Darin zeigen Konzentrationsspannbreiten der gelösten Hauptkomponenten bei natürlichen (10 °C) und erhöhten (25, 40, 70 °C) Temperaturen, außer bei K, Si und OC, jeweils eine größere natürliche Variabilität als temperaturinduzierte Änderungen.
Wie auf Basis begleitender Batchversuche erwartbar, überschritten Sigel. und DOC in einem zyklischen HT-Aquifer-Wärmespeicher-Feldversuch (≤ 80 °C) die Konzentrationsspannbreiten des Baseline-Monitorings. Die hydrochemisch modifizierte Abstromfahne blieb jedoch während des gesamten (Post)Betriebs-Monitorings auf < 30 m Entfernung zum ‚warmen‘ Brunnen begrenzt.
Mit Blick auf die Grundwasserqualität muss diese empirische Datengrundlage zukünftig auf Spurenkomponenten und weitere Aquifertypen wie bspw. Corg-reichere Sedimente erweitert werden.