bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of a Peer Physician Coaching Partnership Between a Designated Cancer Center Genetics Service and a Community Cancer Network Hospital
Authors: Santos Lauren G. , Buzdnitskaya Tatyana , Rolf Bradley A. , Souza William , Sienko Mark , Ruiz-Bonilla Jose Alberto , Shah Binay , Jewell Patrick , Jensen Lindsay , Horike-Pyne Martha , Elrod Jo Ann , Crews Jennie , Laurino Mercy , Weeks Kevin Austin , Dubard-Gault Marianne E. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundPatients with cancer seen in rural and underserved areas disproportionately face barriers to access genetic services. Genetic testing is critical to inform treatment decisions, for early detection of another cancer, and to identify at-risk family members who may benefit from screening and prevention.ObjectiveTo examine medical oncologists’ genetic testing ordering trends for patients with cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective quality improvement study was performed in 2 phases over 6 months between August 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021, at a community network hospital. Phase 1 focused on observation of clinic processes. Phase 2 incorporated peer coaching from cancer genetics experts for medical oncologists at the community network hospital. The follow-up period lasted 9 months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe number of genetic tests ordered was compared between phases.ResultsThe study included 634 patients (mean [SD] age, 71.0 [10.8] years [range, 39-90 years]; 409 women [64.5%]; 585 White [92.3%]); 353 (55.7%) had breast cancer, 184 (29.0%) had prostate cancer, and 218 (34.4%) had a family history of cancer. Of the 634 patients with cancer, 29 of 415 (7.0%) received genetic testing in phase 1, and 25 of 219 (11.4%) received genetic testing in phase 2. Of the 29 patients who received testing in phase 1, 20 (69.0%) had germline genetic testing; 23 of 25 patients (92.0%) had germline genetic testing in phase 2. Uptake of germline genetic testing increased by 23.0% between phases, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .06). Uptake of germline genetic testing was highest among patients with pancreatic cancer (4 of 19 [21.1%]) and ovarian cancer (6 of 35 [17.1%]); the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends offering genetic testing to all patients with pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancer.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study suggests that peer coaching from cancer genetics experts was associated with an increase in ordering of genetic testing by medical oncologists. Efforts made to (1) standardize gathering of personal and family history of cancer, (2) review biomarker data suggestive of a hereditary cancer syndrome, (3) facilitate ordering tumor and/or germline genetic testing every time NCCN criteria are met, (4) encourage data sharing between institutions, and (5) advocate for universal coverage for genetic testing may help realize the benefits associated with precision oncology for patients and their families seeking care at community cancer centers.
International Consensus Statement on the Radiological Screening of Contact Children in the Context of Suspected Child Physical Abuse
Authors: Mankad Kshitij , Sidpra Jai , Mirsky David M. , Oates Adam J. , Colleran Gabrielle C. , Lucato Leandro T. , Kan Elaine , Kilborn Tracy , Agrawal Nina , Teeuw Arianne H. , Kelly Patrick , Zeitlin Deborah , Carter Jamieson , Debelle Geoff D. , Berger Rachel P. , Christian Cindy W. , Lindberg Daniel M. , Raissaki Maria , Argyropoulou Maria , Adamsbaum Catherine , Cain Timothy , van Rijn Rick R. , Silvera V. Michelle , Rossi Andrea , Kemp Alison M. , Choudhary Arabinda K. , Offiah Amaka C. 
Published: March 2023

ImportancePhysical abuse is a common but preventable cause of long-term childhood morbidity and mortality. Despite the strong association between abuse in an index child and abuse in contact children, there is no guidance outlining how to screen the latter, significantly more vulnerable group, for abusive injuries. Consequently, the radiological assessment of contact children is often omitted, or variably performed, allowing occult injuries to go undetected and increasing the risk of further abuse.ObjectiveTo report an evidence-based and consensus-derived set of best practices for the radiological screening of contact children in the context of suspected child physical abuse.Evidence ReviewThis consensus statement is supported by a systematic review of the literature and the clinical opinion of an internationally recognized group of 26 experts. The modified Delphi consensus process comprised 3 meetings of the International Consensus Group on Contact Screening in Suspected Child Physical Abuse held between February and June 2021.FindingsContacts are defined as the asymptomatic siblings, cohabiting children, or children under the same care as an index child with suspected child physical abuse. All contact children should undergo a thorough physical examination and a history elicited prior to imaging. Contact children younger than 12 months should have neuroimaging, the preferred modality for which is magnetic resonance imaging, and skeletal survey. Contact children aged 12 to 24 months should undergo skeletal survey. No routine imaging is indicated in asymptomatic children older than 24 months. Follow-up skeletal survey with limited views should be performed if abnormal or equivocal at presentation. Contacts with positive findings should be investigated as an index child.Conclusions and RelevanceThis Special Communication reports consensus recommendations for the radiological screening of contact children in the context of suspected child physical abuse, establishing a recognized baseline for the stringent evaluation of these at-risk children and providing clinicians with a more resilient platform from which to advocate for them.
Regulation of Ionic Distribution and Desolvation Activation Energy Enabled by In Situ Zinc Phosphate Protective Layer toward Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Zhang Shengzhao , Ye Minghui , Zhang Yufei , Tang Yongchao , Liu Xiaoqing , Li Cheng Chao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite the merits of high specific capacity, low cost, and high safety, the practical application of aqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs) is plagued by the dendritic growth and corrosion reaction of Zn metal anodes. To solve these issues, a Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O protective layer is in‐situ constructed on Zn foil (Zn@ZnPO) by a simple hydrothermal method, avoiding the traditional slurry‐casting process. The insulating and conformable ZnPO layer improves the wettability of Zn@ZnPO and aqueous electrolyte via decreasing the contact angle to 11.7o. Compared with bare Zn, the Zn@ZnPO possesses a lower desolvation activation energy of 35.25 kJ mol‐1, indicating that the ZnPO fasters the desolvation of hydrated Zn2+ ions and thereby ameliorates their transport dynamics. Micro‐morphology and structural characterization show that there are no dendrites forming on the post‐cycling Zn@ZnPO anodes, and the interfacial ZnPO layer remains almost identical before and after cycles. It can be explained that the electrochemically stable ZnPO layer acts as an ionic modulator to enable the homogeneous distribution of Zn2+ ions, inhibiting the growth of Zn dendrites. Benefiting from these advantages, the Zn@ZnPO based symmetric and full cells deliver highly reversible Zn plating/stripping behavior and long cycling lifespans.
Low Hysteresis Hydrogel Induced by Spatial Confinement
Authors: Wang Jie , Tang Fu , Yao Chuang , Li Lidong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStress concentration and hysteresis often occur in polymer hydrogels under large deformation, affecting their mechanical properties, and durability. Here, a new spatial confinement gelation strategy is proposed for fabrication of hysteresis‐free polymer hydrogels, and stress concentration is avoided. Experimental results and theoretical calculations confirm that the hydratability difference between salts and polymer chains leads to spatial confinement of the polymer chains by control over the ratio of bound to free water. Spatial confinement acts in place of physical cross‐linking of polymer chains, which slide to dissipate energy and effectively avoid stress concentration and hysteresis, resulting in ultra‐tough hydrogels with fatigue resistance. This is also a universal strategy for preparing polymer hydrogels with different monomers and salts. Taking the prepared PAM‐CaCl2hydrogel, it displays a hysteresis of only 0.13% during load‐unload cycles, even under 1000% strain. This is the lowest value among hydrogels reported to date. Along with excellent fatigue resistance, water retention, antifreeze, and water‐assisted healing ability, this hydrogel shows good performance in fatigue resistant capacitive strain sensors. Moreover, a fishtail‐shaped PAM‐CaCl2hydrogel operates as a bionic muscle to drive a bionic fish at a forward speed of 16.3 cm s−1, when a voltage of 0.1 V is applied.
Electron‐Induced Chirality‐Selective Routing of Valley Photons via Metallic Nanostructure
Authors: Zheng Liheng , Dang Zhibo , Ding Dongdong , Liu Zhixin , Dai Yuchen , Lu Jianming , Fang Zheyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractValleytronics in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides has raised a great impact in nanophotonic information processing and transport as it provides the pseudospin degree of freedom for carrier control. The imbalance of carrier occupation in inequivalent valleys can be achieved by external stimulations such as helical light and electric field. With metasurfaces, it is feasible to separate the valley exciton in real space and momentum space, which is significant for logical nanophotonic circuits. However, the control of valley‐separated far‐field emission by a single nanostructure is rarely reported, despite the fact that it is crucial for subwavelength research of valley‐dependent directional emission. Here, it is demonstrated that the electron beam permits the chirality‐selective routing of valley photons in a monolayer WS2 with Au nanostructures. The electron beam can locally excite valley excitons and regulate the coupling between excitons and nanostructures, hence controlling the interference effect of multipolar electric modes in nanostructures. Therefore, the separation degree can be modified by steering the electron beam, exhibiting the capability of subwavelength control of valley separation. This work provides a novel method to create and resolve the variation of valley emission distribution in momentum space, paving the way for the design of future nanophotonic integrated devices.
Synergetic Lithium and Hydrogen Bonds Endow Liquid‐Free Photonic Ionic Elastomer with Mechanical Robustness and Electrical/Optical Dual‐Output
Authors: Peng Lei , Hou Lei , Wu Peiyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhotonic ionic elastomers (PIEs) capable of multiple signal outputs are intriguing in flexible interactive electronics. However, fabricating PIEs with simultaneous mechanical robustness, good ionic conductivity, and brilliant structure color still remains challenging. Here, the limitations are broken through introducing the synergistic effect of lithium and hydrogen bonds into an elastomer. In virtue of lithium bonding between lithium ions and carbonyl groups in the polymer matrix as well as hydrogen bonding between silanol on the surface of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) and ether groups along polymer chains, the PIEs demonstrate mechanical strength up to 4.3 MPa and toughness up to 8.6 MJ m−3. Meanwhile, the synchronous electrical and optical output under mechanical strains can be achieved in the PIEs with the presence of dissociated ions contributed by lithium bond and non‐close‐packed SiNPs stabilized by the hydrogen bond. Moreover, due to their liquid‐free nature, the PIEs exhibit extraordinary stability and durability, which can withstand extreme conditions including both high and low temperatures as well as high humidity. This work provides a promising molecular engineering route to construct high‐performance photonic ionic conductors toward advanced ionotronic applications.
Band Position‐Independent Piezo‐Electrocatalysis for Ultrahigh CO2 Conversion
Authors: Ma Jiangping , Xiong Xin , Wu Di , Wang Yang , Ban Chaogang , Feng Yajie , Meng Jiazhi , Gao Xingsen , Dai Ji‐Yan , Han Guang , Gan Li‐Yong , Zhou Xiaoyuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPiezo‐electrocatalysis as an emerging mechano‐to‐chemistry energy conversion technique opens multiple innovative opportunities and draws great interest over the past decade. However, the two potential mechanisms in piezo‐electrocatalysis, i.e., screening charge effect and energy band theory, generally coexist in the most piezoelectrics, making the essential mechanism remain controversial. Here, for the first time, the two mechanisms in piezo‐electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (PECRR) is distinguished through a narrow‐bandgap piezo‐electrocatalyst strategy using MoS2 nanoflakes as demo. With conduction band of −0.12 eV, the MoS2 nanoflakes are unsatisfied for CO2‐to‐CO redox potential of −0.53 eV, yet they achieve an ultrahigh CO yield of ≈543.1 µmol g−1 h−1 in PECRR. Potential band position shifts under vibration are still unsatisfied with CO2‐to‐CO potential verified by theoretical investigation and piezo‐photocatalytic experiment, further indicating that the mechanism of piezo‐electrocatalysis is independent of band position. Besides, MoS2 nanoflakes exhibit unexpected intense “breathing” effect under vibration and enable the naked‐eye‐visible inhalation of CO2 gas, independently achieving the complete carbon cycle chain from CO2 capture to conversion. The CO2 inhalation and conversion processes in PECRR are revealed by a self‐designed in situ reaction cell. This work brings new insights into the essential mechanism and surface reaction evolution of piezo‐electrocatalysis.
Intrinsic Dipole Arrangement to Coordinate Energy Levels for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Yutong , Chang Bohong , Wang Lian , Li Hui , Pan Lu , Liu Zhen , Yin Longwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite great progress in perovskite photovoltaics, it should be noted that the intrinsic disorder dipolar cations in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites exert negative effects on the energy band structure as well as the carrier separation and transfer dynamics. However, oriented polarization achieved by applying an external electric field may cause irreversible damage to perovskites. Herein, a unique and efficient strategy is developed to modulate the intrinsic dipole arrangement in perovskite films for high‐performance and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The spontaneous reorientation of dipolar cation methylamine is triggered by a polar molecule, constructing a vertical polarization during crystallization regulation. The oriented dipole determines a gradient energy‐level arrangement in PSCs and more favorable energetics at interfaces, effectively enhancing the built‐in electric field and suppressing the nonradiative recombination. Besides, the dipole reorientation induces a local dielectric environment to remarkably reduce exciton binding energy, leading to an ultralong carrier diffusion length of up to 1708 nm. Accordingly, the n–i–p PSCs achieve a significant increase in power conversion efficiency, reaching 24.63% with negligible hysteresis and exhibiting outstanding stabilities. This strategy also provides a facile route to eliminate the mismatched energetics and enhance carrier dynamics for other novel photovoltaic devices.
Achieving Continuous Self‐Powered Energy Conversion‐Storage‐Supply Integrated System Based on Carbon Felt
Authors: Peiyuan Ji , Qianying Li , Xuemei Zhang , Yawen Hu , Xiangyu Han , Dazhi Zhang , Chenguo Hu , Yi Xi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEfficient harvesting and storage of dispersed irregular energy from the environment are crucial to the demand for the distributed devices of the Internet of Things (IoTs). Here, a carbon felt (CF)‐based energy conversion‐storage‐supply integrated system (CECIS) that contains a CF‐based solid‐state supercapacitor (CSSC) and a CF‐based triboelectric nanogenerator (C‐TENG) is presented, which is capable of simultaneously energy storage and conversion. The simple treated CF not only delivers a maximal specific capacitance of 402.4 F g−1 but also prominent supercapacitor characteristics with fast charge and slow discharge, enabling 38 LEDs successfully lightened for more than 900 s after a wireless charging time of only 2 s. With the original CF as the sensing layer, buffer layer, and current collector of C‐TENG, the maximal power of 91.5 mW is attained. The CECIS shows a competitive output performance. The time ratio of the duration of supply energy to the harvesting and storage reaches 9.6:1, meaning that it is competent for the continuous energy application when the effective working time of C‐TENG is longer than one‐tenth of the whole day. This study not only highlights the great potential of CECIS in sustainable energy harvesting and storage but also lays the foundation for the ultimate realization of IoTs.
When is the best time to screen and evaluate for treatable genetic disorders?: A lifespan perspective
Authors: Parisi Melissa A. , Caggana Michele , Cohen Jennifer L. , Gold Nina B. , Morris Jill A. , Orsini Joseph J. , Urv Tiina K. , Wasserstein Melissa P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on the question of, “When is the best time to identify an individual at risk for a treatable genetic condition?” In this review, we describe a framework for considering the optimal timing for pursuing genetic and genomic screening for treatable genetic conditions incorporating a lifespan approach. Utilizing the concept of a carousel that represents the four broad time periods when critical decisions might be made around genetic diagnoses during a person's lifetime, we describe genetic testing during the prenatal period, the newborn period, childhood, and adulthood. For each of these periods, we describe the objectives of genetic testing, the current status of screening or testing, the near‐term vision for the future of genomic testing, the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, and the feasibility and ethical considerations of testing and treating. The notion of a “Genomics Passbook” is one where an early genomic screening evaluation could be performed on each individual through a public health program, with that data ultimately serving as a “living document” that could be queried and/or reanalyzed at prescribed times during the lifetime of that person, or in response to concerns about symptoms of a genetic disorder in that individual.
Using tele‐ultrasound to teach medical students: A randomised control equivalence study
Authors: Zhao Renee T. , Deng Jasmine , Ghanem Ghadi , Steiger Athreya , Tang Lara , Haase David , Sadeghinejad Sima E. , Shibata Jacqueline , Chiem Alan T. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesUndergraduate ultrasound education is becoming increasingly important, but its expansion is limited by time, space and the availability of trained faculty. In order to validate an alternative and more accessible teaching model, our aim was to assess whether combining teleguidance and peer‐assisted learning to teach ultrasound is as effective as traditional in‐person methods.MethodsPeer instructors taught 47 second‐year medical students ocular ultrasound via either teleguidance or traditional in‐person methods. Proficiency was assessed using a multiple‐choice knowledge test and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Confidence, overall experience, and experience with a peer instructor were measured using a 5‐point Likert scale. Two one‐sided t‐tests were used to measure equivalency between the two groups. The null hypothesis that the two groups were not different was rejected when P < 0.05.ResultsThe teleguidance group performed as well as the traditional in‐person group in terms of knowledge change, confidence change, OSCE time and OSCE score (p = 0.011, p = 0.006, p = 0.005 and = 0.004, respectively, indicating the two groups are statistically equivalent). The teleguidance group rated the experience highly overall (4.06/5), but less than the traditional group (4.47/5; P = 0.448, indicating statistical difference). Peer instruction was rated 4.35/5 overall.ConclusionPeer‐instructed teleguidance was equivalent to in‐person instruction with respect to knowledge change, confidence gain and OSCE performance in basic ocular ultrasound.
Point‐of‐care ultrasound‐assisted diagnosis of gastric vessel rupture in a young man presenting with chest pain: A cautionary tale
Authors: Yasuda Koichi , Snelling Peter J. , Ng Justin , Manley Russell , Watkins Stuart 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report a young male patient who presented with chest and shoulder tip pain with spontaneous intraperitoneal haemorrhage (haemoperitoneum) due to gastric vessel rupture. Point‐of‐care ultrasound detected abdominal free fluid, which led to a CT scan of the abdomen and reached the diagnosis. Intra‐abdominal bleeding can present as referred chest or shoulder tip pain, as more commonly seen in females with pelvic pathologies. Point‐of‐care ultrasound may add diagnostic value with the detection of a haemoperitoneum in this context.
Impact of Alzheimer's association support and engagement in the AD/ADRD research community through the COVID‐19 pandemic and beyond
Authors: Meyers Emily A. , Sexton Claire , Snyder Heather M. , Carrillo Maria C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe WHO estimates that 55 million people worldwide have dementia and this number is expected to increase to 139 million by 2050. Founded in 1980, the Alzheimer’s Association is the world’s leading voluntary health organization in AD/ADRD care, support and research.MethodsAlzheimer’s Association‐led funding opportunities and awards, conferences and other activities beginning with the COVID‐19 pandemic were reviewed.ResultsThe Association remains committed to funding, convening, leading and implementing research studies that accelerate the global effort to eliminate Alzheimer’s and all other dementia.DiscussionThis manuscript describes funding, convening and other global initiatives, influenced in part by the COVID‐19 pandemic, to strengthen and drive research forward.
Microstructural and thermal properties of thermally cured calcined cow bone/kaolin filled hybrid polystyrene composites
Authors: Adeniyi Adewale George , Abdulkareem Sulyman A. , Odimayomi Kayode P. , Iwuozor Kingsley O. , Emenike Ebuka C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe advantages that plastic‐based composites provide over epoxy‐based composites have catalyzed interest in the former in recent years. Polystyrene, a common packaging plastic, has been used for the production of composites. However, its hydrophilicity and curing duration are issues that undermine its commercialization. In this study, two fillers, calcined cow bone and kaolin, were introduced into a polystyrene resin matrix in varying concentrations through the hand lay‐up method. The composites were thermally cured at a temperature of 200°C for 3 h, after which they were characterized for their thermal and microstructural properties. DSC analysis revealed that the presence of kaolin improved the thermal property of the composite more than cow bone. The FTIR results revealed that the filler(s) were incorporated into the matrix via chemical reactions, as evidenced by bond breakage and formation. EDX results confirmed the incorporation of the fillers, with carbon being the most dominant element in the composites. It showed that the cow bone introduced elements such as phosphorus and calcium, while the kaolin introduced elements such as silicon and aluminum to the composite. SEM micrographs showed the presence of good interfacial adhesion between the filler(s) and the matrix. This study has shown that thermal curing is a viable solution to the shortcomings of polystyrene‐based composites and their commercialization.