bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phabulous developments in European micro‐optics
Authors: Picot‐Clémente Jérémy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJessica van Heck, managing director, and Ton Offermans, technical coordinator of the European pilot‐line association Phabulous which is providing highly advanced and robust manufacturing technology for optical free‐form microstructures, talk to EPIC photonics technologies program manager Jérémy Picot‐Clémente.
How does upward social comparison impact the delay discounting: The chain mediation of belief in a just world and relative deprivation
Authors: Pan Chao , Zhao Menghan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis present study aimed to explore the relationship between upward social comparison, relative deprivation, belief in a just world, and delay discounting by surveying 614 college students. The results showed the following: (1) Upward social comparison could significantly and negatively predict individuals' delay discounting; and (2) belief in a just world and relative deprivation had a chain mediating effect on the impact of upward social comparison on delay discounting. Specifically, when individuals experienced more upward social comparison, their belief in a just world will be weakened, which increased feelings of relative deprivation and ultimately led them to be more likely to choose the recent but smaller rewards and forego rewards that require waiting but are larger.
Childhood asthma treatment based on indirect hyperresponsiveness test: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ciółkowski Janusz , Hydzik Paweł , Rachel Marta , Mazurek-Durlak Zofia , Skalska-Izdebska Renata , Mazurek Henryk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of indirect airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) test using hypertonic saline in determining the dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) to maintain asthma control in children.MethodsA group of 104 patients (7–15 years) with mild–moderate atopic asthma were monitored for their asthma control and treatment for 1 year. Patients were randomly assigned to a symptom‐only monitored group and a group with therapy changes based on the symptoms and severity of AHR. Spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide, and blood eosinophils (BEos) were assessed on enrollment and every 3 months thereafter.ResultsDuring the study period, the number of mild exacerbations was lower in the AHR group (44 vs. 85; the absolute rate per patient 0.83 vs. 1.67; relative rate 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.346–0.717 (p < 0.001)]. Mean changes from baseline in clinical (except asthma control test), inflammatory, and lung function parameters were similar between groups. Baseline BEos correlated with AHR and was a risk factor for recurrent exacerbation in all patients. There was no significant difference in the final ICS dose between AHR and symptoms group: 287 (SD 255) vs. 243 (158) p = 0.092.ConclusionsAdding an indirect AHR test to clinical monitoring of childhood asthma reduced the number of mild exacerbations, with similar current clinical control and final ICS dose as in the symptom‐monitored group. The hypertonic saline test appears to be a simple, cheap, and safe tool for monitoring the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate asthma in children.
Changes in glucose tolerance in people with cystic fibrosis after initiation of first‐generation CFTR modulator treatment
Authors: Ekblond Rikke Spragge , Nielsen Bibi Uhre , Højte Christine , Almdal Thomas Peter , Shaw James , Pressler Tacjana , Faurholt‐Jepsen Daniel , Mathiesen Inger Hee Mabuza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators have been shown to have a beneficial effect on pulmonary function and nutritional status in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), but the extent to which they affect glucose tolerance is not fully understood. In the current study, we evaluated the change in glucose tolerance and insulin secretion after first‐generation CFTR modulator treatment in adults with CF.MethodsWe performed a longitudinal observational study with an oral glucose tolerance test performed at baseline and after three and a half years of follow‐up. The test comprised glucose, C‐peptide and insulin measured at fasting, 1 h, and 2 h, and HbA1c at fasting. We compared changes in parameters of glucose tolerance and insulin secretion from baseline to follow‐up.ResultsAmong 55 participants, 37 (67%) were treated with a first‐generation CFTR modulator for a median of 21 months. Glucose levels were unchanged in both the treated and untreated group. In the treated group, C‐peptide levels declined, yet no significant differences in glucose, insulin, and C‐peptide levels were observed between the groups. HbA1c increased in both groups, while no significant change in the insulin sensitivity indices was detected in either group. However, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance tended to decline in the treated group, whilst tending towards an increase in the untreated group. The difference between the groups reached statistical significance (p = 0.040).ConclusionTreatment with first‐generation CFTR modulators, mainly tezacaftor/ivacaftor, did not seem to be associated with glucose tolerance nor insulin secretion in adults with CF. However, CFTR modulators may still have a beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity.
Childhood sarcoidosis in the middle Anatolia of Turkey
Authors: Hangül Melih , Köse Mehmet , Pekcan Sevgi , Ersoy Ali , Unal Gokcen , Caglar Hanife Tugce 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective study aimed to describe the clinical and radiological features, diagnostic methods, laboratory findings, organ involvement, and treatment strategies of 22 patients who followed up with late‐onset childhood sarcoidosis and compare them with the literature.Material and MethodThis retrospective multicenter study reviewed the medical records of 22 children with sarcoidosis who applied to the Pediatric pulmonology department of Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine and Necmettin Erbakan Faculty of Medicine in 2012 and 2022.ResultsThe mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 13.1/year (interquartile range [IQR]1:6.3‐[IQR]3:15.7). The most common first presenting symptom was cough 40.9% (n = 9), weight loss 31.8% (n = 7), and dyspnea 22.7% (n = 5). There were elevated levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP; 59%), angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE; 54.5%), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; 54.5%), and immunoglobulin G (IgG; 54.5%). Twenty patients (90%) received systemic steroid treatment. Eighteen (81.8%) of these patients responded positively to treatment. Two patients had a recurrence.ConclusionThe incidence of sarcoidosis in children in Turkey is currently unknown. However, a regional average of 2.2 cases per year has been documented for the first time. Contrary to previous studies, a significant prevalence of consanguineous marriage was observed in our study. While constitutional symptoms were most common in other studies, the cough was the most common symptom in our study. To our knowledge, this is one of the Turkish studies with the highest number of sarcoidosis in children and one of the few European studies on sarcoidosis in children.
Social networks and drivers of highly skilled migration: The case of Shenzhen City in China
Authors: Gong Yue , Sun Li , Xuan Lingyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn China, the number of highly skilled domestic migrants has been growing significantly. Many highly skilled personnel have migrated to megacities located in eastern China. Through semistructured interviews with 54 highly skilled migrants in the city of Shenzhen, we find that economic incentives, urban amenities, preferential policies and social networks act as drivers for their migration. Because the role of social networks has been overlooked in the existing literature, we focus on this particular driver of migration. The desire to be physically embedded in social networks has driven migrants to move to Shenzhen: they cite proximity to parents, partners and former schoolmates as motivating factors. Such embeddedness provides them with a sense of ‘social affiliation’. While previous research has highlighted the role of migrants' social capital, we suggest that highly skilled migrants do not necessarily rely on this resource. Instead, we focus on what we call ‘migration for social affiliation’, and offer a novel angle on the precise role of migrants' social networks.
Maternal mortality in Greece: The evolution from traditional mammis to overmedicalized obstetric care during the 20th century
Authors: Raftakis Michail 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGreece has been absent from the literature on maternal mortality in historical Europe, as very little evidence is yet available regarding maternal mortality patterns before the 1950s. The discontinuity in the collection and publication of demographic data in Greece, as well as the nonavailability of continuous national published statistics are the most important reasons for the lack of studies on maternal mortality. Therefore, this study aims to address this gap by utilising annual published statistics at the aggregate level, focusing primarily on the first half of the 20th century, while also making a significant contribution to the postwar period. The results of the study indicate a high incidence of maternal deaths in Greece, particularly in the northern—mostly rural and later annexed—regions of the country until the late 1930s. An important reason may be the lack of obstetric care in these areas. Although major urban centres were primarily served by qualified midwives by the mid‐1920s, rural Greece had access only to untrained midwives due to the insufficient number of trained midwives that could cater the needs of the entire country. Other contributing factors may include the high prevalence of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and malaria in certain areas of the country, poor nutritional status throughout the country before the 1950s, low literacy rates, low living standards, and lack of public health infrastructures. Greece's case study is intriguing as it has transitioned from an almost absolute lack of obstetric care, with the exception of the mostly untrained rural midwives known asmammisbefore the 1950s, to becoming one of the most highly medicalised countries in Europe by the end of the 20th century, succeeding very low levels of maternal mortality.
Analyzing a designed experiment with a dispersion response and many replicates per condition
Authors: Kirsch Andrew , Mercer Michael C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost designed experiments (DOEs) seek to shift a mean response, but a few aim to minimize the dispersion of a response, using the standard deviation (STD) of replicates at each condition. Obtaining sufficient statistical power is often a challenge; dozens of replicates may well be needed to detect a substantial reduction in dispersion. For the problem which motivated this paper, many replicates were feasible, since the two‐level factorial DOE studied a highly automated gage for measuring the axial strength of a mass‐produced metal object. After 30 replicates per condition had been collected, the question arose whether to calculate one dispersion estimate per condition (based on 30 raw data), two estimates per condition (15 raw data each), three estimates (10 each) etc.? A Monte Carlo simulation showed that the best arrangement of the raw data is often one that approximately balances the number of dispersion estimates and the dispersion subgroup size per each condition (e.g., five dispersion estimates of subgroup size 6) for all but the most severely skewed raw data distributions. The authors provide free access to a simulator which may be used by the reader to explore a variety of two‐level factorial DOEs, as needed. This enables experimenters in any subject domain to design such DOEs with sufficient power, while making best use of the raw data in the analysis.
Paediatric foreign body aspiration and endobronchial granuloma
Authors: Lim Adeline Y. L. , Suresh Sadasivam 
Published: June 2023

Key messagePaediatric foreign body aspiration can result in pulmonary complications including the formation of endobronchial granuloma, which can be managed conservatively or via surgical or bronchoscopic intervention. This case highlights the importance of having a high index of suspicion for foreign body aspiration in patients with persistent symptoms or abnormal imaging.
Finite‐time input/output‐to‐state stability of nonlinear stochastic switched time‐varying systems with mode‐dependent average dwell time
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhu Quanxin , Gao Lijun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the finite‐time input/output‐to‐state stability (FTIOSS) of stochastic switched nonlinear delay systems (SSNDS). This article extends the well‐known concepts of input/output‐to‐state stability to finite‐time control problems. By using the finite‐time stable function and generalized function, we establish an unified FTIOSS criteron for stochastic switched systems, where both stable and unstable switching signals are considered. Compare with the existing works, the main advantage is that the constructed Lyapunov function (LF) is permitted to own indefinite‐derivative. Meanwhile, the Razumikhin technique and the mode‐dependent average‐dwell time (MDADT) approach are introduced to guarantee the FTIOSS of the system. The efficacy of the obtained results is demonstrated by an example.
Event‐triggered model‐free adaptive predictive control for multiple‐input and multiple‐output networked control systems under deception attacks
Authors: Li Fanghui , Hou Zhongsheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe event‐triggered model‐free adaptive predictive control (ET‐MFAPC) problem for a class of multiple‐input and multiple‐output nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs) with network delay under deception attacks is addressed in this article. First, a data driven MFAPC strategy with adaptive predictive gain is proposed by transforming the NCSs into an equivalent data model via dynamic linearization technology and designing controller only with I/O information rather than the system model. Meanwhile, an ET mechanism is applied to reduce the amount of data transmission under the limited network bandwidth. Further, the boundedness and convergence of tracking error is rigorous proved through the contraction mapping principle. Finally, the theoretical results are demonstrated through detailed simulations.
Enhancing the Performance of Cobalt‐based Oxide Electrode Material for Asymmetric Supercapacitor Devices
Authors: Afzal Amir Muhammad , Ejaz Tahir , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Almutairi Badriah S. , Imran Muhammad , Manzoor Alina , Hegazy H. H. , Yasmeen Aneeqa , Zaka Asma , Abbas Tasawar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSupercapattery is an energy storage device which shows high power and energy densities compared to supercapacitors and batteries. A simple and cost‐effective sol‐gel method was used to synthesize the aluminium‐doped cobalt oxide (Al‐Co3O4). The structural, morphological and composition analyses were investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Further, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) calculations were performed, which showed an enhancement in surface area. The specific capacity of the Al‐doped sample was increased up to 708 C/g compared to the reference sample (Co3O4=420 C/g). A supercapattery device was designed by using the activated carbon as a negative electrode and the Al‐Co3O4 as the positive electrode in two electrode assemblies. The estimated value of the specific capacity of Al‐Co3O4 was 189 C/g. Furthermore, the obtained energy and power density values were 42 Wh/kg and 2080 W/kg, respectively. To investigate the stability, this device was subjected to 5000 charging/discharging cycles that maintained 90 % of its initial capacity. Our findings provide a foundation for improving the performance of energy storage devices.
Synthesis, Swelling, Diffusion and Cationic Dye Adsorption Studies of Semi‐IPN Sodium Alginate/ Poly(HEMA‐co‐MA) Hydrogels
Authors: Taşdelen Betül 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, the novel pH‐sensitive s‐IPN consist of sodium alginate integrated with poly(HEMA‐co‐MA) hydrogel matrix are prepared by using two‐step methodology. In the first step, 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)/maleic acid (MA) copolymeric hydrogels are prepared by gamma radiation polymerization. Then, poly(HEMA‐co‐MA) hydrogel was immersed in sodium alginate solution (SA) and finally gamma radiation polymerization was carried out. The swelling, pH‐sensivity and diffusion properties of the prepared s‐IPN gels in deionized water and in dye solutions were investigated. Methylene Blue (MB) was used as a model dye. MB adsorption capacities of the hydrogels were found to be 0.26, 0.40 and 13.77 mg MB/g dry gel in PHEMA, P(HEMA‐co‐MA) and s‐IPN SA/P(HEMA‐co‐MA) hydrogels, respectively. MB release data was fitted to various kinetic models to study the dye release behavior. The MB release from all the prepared hydrogels fitted the Korsmeyer‐Peppas model. Swelling, diffusion and MB adsorption properties of the new s‐IPN hydrogel were improved with the inclusion of SA and MA in the gel structure.
Halogen Bonding Interactions of Haloaromatic Endocrine Disruptors and the Potential for Inhibition of Iodothyronine Deiodinases
Authors: Bayse Craig A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHalogen bonding (XB) is a potential mechanism for the inhibition of the thyroid‐activating/deactivating iodothyronine deiodinase family of selenoproteins through interactions with halogenated endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Trends in XB interactions were examined using density functional theory for a series of polyhalogenated dibenzo‐1,4‐dioxins, biphenyls, and other EDCs with methylselenolate, a simple model of the Dio active site selenocysteine. The strengths of the interactions depend upon the halogen (Br>Cl), the degree of substitution, and the position of the acceptor. In terms of donor‐acceptor energies, interactions at the meta position are often the strongest, suggesting a link to the topology of THs, especially for outer‐ring deiodination of thyroxine, which occurs at a meta iodine, and produces the active TH. However, relationships between XB interaction strengths and potential for Dio inhibition should be made in the context of the binding to the active sites, the topology of which are not fully characterized.
A systematic review and meta‐analytic confirmatory factor analysis of the perceived stress scale (PSS‐10 and PSS‐14)
Authors: Yılmaz Koğar Esin , Koğar Hakan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStress is defined as a person's interaction with their environment that is thought to threaten or affect an individual's potential, resources, and well‐being. The most popular instrument to assess perceived stress is the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Therefore, making a systematic review of studies testing the internal structure of PSS and conducting a Meta‐Analytic Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MACFA) on the database created with the information obtained from these studies are the aims of this research. A total of 76 samples from 57 unique studies were included in this database using various inclusion criteria (total N for PSS‐14 = 28,632, for PSS‐10 = 46,053). The correlated two‐factor model for PSS was confirmed by MACFA performed on the pooled correlation matrix generated by the random effects meta‐analysis. Findings of dimensionality analyses, factor loadings, omega values, and measurement invariance showed that the model that best explained the factor structure of PSS was the correlated two‐factor model. The strict measurement invariance of the PSS was achieved across age and clinical status, and the internal consistency was high according to the omega values. Several recommendations moving forward are discussed.
WO3‐Assisted Synergetic Effect Catalyzes Efficient and CO‐Tolerant Hydrogen Oxidation for PEMFCs
Authors: Tian Han , Yu Xu , Huang Weimin , Chang Ziwei , Pei Fenglai , Zhou Jiangdong , Dai Ningning , Meng Ge , Chen Chang , Cui Xiangzhi , Shi Jianlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeveloping anode catalysts with substantially enhanced activity for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and CO tolerance performance is of great importance for the commercial applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, an excellent CO‐tolerant catalyst (Pd‐WO3/C) has been fabricated by loading Pd nanoparticles on WO3 via an immersion‐reduction route. A remarkably high power density of 1.33 W cm−2 at 80 °C is obtained by using the optimized 3Pd‐WO3/C as the anode catalyst of PEMFCs, and the moderately reduced power density (73% remained) in CO/H2 mixed gas can quickly recover after removal of CO‐contamination from hydrogen fuel, which is not possible by using Pt/C or Pd/C as anode catalyst. The prominent HOR activity of 3Pd‐WO3/C is attributed to the optimized interfacial electron interaction, in which the activated H* adsorbed on Pd species can be effectively transferred to WO3 species through hydrogen spillover effect and then oxidized through the H species insert/output effect during the formation of HxWO3 in acid electrolyte. More importantly, a novel synergetic catalytic mechanism about excellent CO tolerance is proposed, in which Pd and WO3 respectively absorbs/activates CO and H2O, thus achieving the CO electrooxidation and re‐exposure of Pd active sites for CO‐tolerant HOR.
Ultra‐Tough Waterborne Polyurethane‐Based Graft‐Copolymerized Piezoresistive Composite Designed for Rehabilitation Training Monitoring Pressure Sensors
Authors: Yu Xu , Yang Hua , Ye Zhihao , Chen Kaifeng , Yuan Ting , Dong Yabo , Xiao Rui , Wang Zongrong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEffective training is crucial for patients who need rehabilitation for achieving optimal recovery and reducing complications. Herein, a wireless rehabilitation training monitoring band with a highly sensitive pressure sensor is proposed and designed. It utilizes polyaniline@waterborne polyurethane (PANI@WPU) as a piezoresistive composite material, which is prepared via the in situ grafting polymerization of PANI on the WPU surface. WPU is designed and synthesized with tunable glass transition temperatures ranging from −60 to 0 °C. Dipentaerythritol (Di‐PE) and ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) groups are introduced, endowing the material with good tensile strength (14.2 MPa), toughness (62 MJ−1m−3), and great elasticity (low permanent deformation: 2%). Di‐PE and UPy enhance the mechanical properties of WPU by increasing the cross‐linking density and crystallinity. Combining the toughness of WPU and the high‐density microstructure derived by hot embossing technology, the pressure sensor exhibits high sensitivity (168.1 kPa−1), fast response time (32 ms), and excellent stability (10 000 cycles with 3.5% decay). In addition, the rehabilitation training monitoring band is equipped with a wireless Bluetooth module, which can be easily applied to monitor the rehabilitation training effect of patients using an applet. Therefore, this work has the potential to significantly broaden the application of WPU‐based pressure sensors for rehabilitation monitoring.