bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Posterior Capsulolabral Repair With Suture-First Versus Anchor-First Technique in Patients With Posterior Shoulder Instability (Type B2): Clinical Midterm Follow-up
Authors: Karpinski Katrin , Akgün Doruk , Gebauer Henry , Festbaum Christian , Lacheta Lucca , Thiele Kathi , Moroder Philipp 
Published: May 2023

Background: Isolated soft tissue injuries of the posterior capsulolabral complex can be addressed arthroscopically, with various anchor systems available for repair. Purpose: To evaluate clinical and patient-reported outcomes after arthroscopic capsulolabral repair in patients with posterior shoulder instability (PSI) and to compare differences in outcomes between patients treated with a suture-first technique (PushLock anchor) and an anchor-first technique (FiberTak all-suture anchor). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Included were 32 patients with dynamic structural PSI (type B2 according to the ABC classification) treated with an arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral repair. After a mean follow-up time of 4.8 ± 3.4 years (range, 2-11) patients were evaluated clinically, and standardized outcome scores were obtained for the Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI), Rowe, Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC), patient satisfaction (0-5 [best]), and pain on a visual analog scale (VAS; 0-10 [worst]). Results: The overall satisfaction level with the outcome of the surgery was 4.6 ± 0.5 (range, 4-5). No patient suffered from instability events. The mean VAS level for pain was 0.4 ± 0.9 (range, 0-4) at rest and 1.9 ± 2.0 (range, 0-6) during motion. The mean SSV was 80 ± 17 (range, 30-100), the mean postoperative WOSI score 75% ± 19% (range, 18-98), the mean Rowe score 78 ± 20 (range, 10-100), and the mean KJOC score was 81 ± 18 (range, 40-100) for the entire cohort. There was no significant difference between the techniques with regard to range of motion, strength, or clinical outcome scores. Conclusion: Arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral repair was a satisfactory method to treat structural PSI type B2 with regard to stability, pain relief, and functional restoration. The majority of patients had good outcomes. No differences in outcomes were observed between the anchor-first and suture-first techniques.
Microbe-Responsive Proteomes During Plant–Microbe Interactions Between Rice Genotypes and the Multifunctional Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20
Authors: Walitang Denver I. , Roy Choudhury Aritra , Subramanian Parthiban , Lee Yi , Choi Geon , Cho Kun , Yun Sung Ho , Jamal Aysha Rizwana , Woo Sun-Hee , Sa Tongmin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Rice is colonized by plant growth promoting bacteria such as Methylobacterium leading to mutually beneficial plant–microbe interactions. As modulators of the rice developmental process, Methylobacterium influences seed germination, growth, health, and development. However, little is known about the complex molecular responsive mechanisms modulating microbe-driven rice development. The application of proteomics to rice-microbe interactions helps us elucidate dynamic proteomic responses mediating this association.

Results
In this study, a total of 3908 proteins were detected across all treatments of which the non-inoculated IR29 and FL478 share up to 88% similar proteins. However, intrinsic differences appear in IR29 and FL478 as evident in the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) and their associated gene ontology terms (GO). Successful colonization of M. oryzae CBMB20 in rice resulted to dynamic shifts in proteomes of both IR29 and FL478. The GO terms of DAPs for biological process in IR29 shifts in abundance from response to stimulus, cellular amino acid metabolic process, regulation of biological process and translation to cofactor metabolic process (6.31%), translation (5.41%) and photosynthesis (5.41%). FL478 showed a different shift from translation-related to response to stimulus (9%) and organic acid metabolic acid (8%). Both rice genotypes also showed a diversification of GO terms due to the inoculation of M. oryzae CBMB20. Specific proteins such as peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase (A2WJU9), thiamine thiazole synthase (A2YM28), and alanine—tRNA ligase (B8B4H5) upregulated in IR29 and FL478 indicate key mechanisms of M. oryzae CBMB20 mediated plant growth promotion in rice.

Conclusions
Interaction of Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 to rice results in a dynamic, similar, and plant genotype-specific proteomic changes supporting associated growth and development. The multifaceted CBMB20 expands the gene ontology terms and increases the abundance of proteins associated with photosynthesis, diverse metabolic processes, protein synthesis and cell differentiation and fate potentially attributed to the growth and development of the host plant. The specific proteins and their functional relevance help us understand how CBMB20 mediate growth and development in their host under normal conditions and potentially link subsequent responses when the host plants are exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Non-small cell lung cancer targeted nanoparticles with reduced side effects fabricated by flash nanoprecipitation
Authors: Wang Mingwei , Huang Haiyan , Zhong Zilong , Chen Xinyue , Fang Yuan , Chen Shenxin , Qi Zhiyao , Yang Danrong , Wang Junyou , Bian Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have been highlighted for the therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), due to their capability of efficiently blocking signal pathway of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which causes the inhibition and apoptosis of NSCLC cells. However, EGFR-TKIs have poor aqueous solubility and severe side effects arising from the difficulty in control of biodistribution. In this study, folate-functionalized nanoparticles (FA-NPs) are designed and fabricated to load EGFR-TKI through flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) strategy, which could enhance the tumor-targeting drug delivery and reduced drug accumulation and side effects to normal tissues.

Results
Herein, the EGFR-TKI loaded FA-NPs are constructed by FNP, with FA decorated dextran-b-polylactide as polymeric stabilizer and gefitinib as TKI. The fast mixing and co-precipitation in FNP provide FA-NPs with well-defined particle size, narrow size distribution and high drug loading content. The FA-NPs exhibit efficient uptake and cytotoxicity in HCC827 NSCLC cells, and reduced uptake and cytotoxicity in normal cells comparing with free gefitinib. In vivo evaluation of gefitinib-loaded FA-NPs confirms the selective drug delivery and accumulation, leading to enhanced inhibition on NSCLC tumor and simultaneously diminished side effects to normal tissues.

Conclusion
The facile design of FA-NPs by FNP and their achieved performance in vitro and in vivo evaluations offer new therapeutic opportunities for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Graphical Abstract
Semi-supervised learning improves regulatory sequence prediction with unlabeled sequences
Authors: Mourad Raphaël 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Motivation
Genome-wide association studies have systematically identified thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with complex genetic diseases. However, the majority of those SNPs were found in non-coding genomic regions, preventing the understanding of the underlying causal mechanism. Predicting molecular processes based on the DNA sequence represents a promising approach to understand the role of those non-coding SNPs. Over the past years, deep learning was successfully applied to regulatory sequence prediction using supervised learning. Supervised learning required DNA sequences associated with functional data for training, whose amount is strongly limited by the finite size of the human genome. Conversely, the amount of mammalian DNA sequences is exponentially increasing due to ongoing large sequencing projects, but without functional data in most cases.

Results
To alleviate the limitations of supervised learning, we propose a paradigm shift with semi-supervised learning, which does not only exploit labeled sequences (e.g. human genome with ChIP-seq experiment), but also unlabeled sequences available in much larger amounts (e.g. from other species without ChIP-seq experiment, such as chimpanzee). Our approach is flexible and can be plugged into any neural architecture including shallow and deep networks, and shows strong predictive performance improvements compared to supervised learning in most cases (up to $$70\%$$

70
%

).

Availability and implementation
https://forgemia.inra.fr/raphael.mourad/deepgnn.
Evolution and epidemic success of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in eastern China: evidence from a prospective study
Authors: Zhou Zonglei , Yi Huaiming , Zhou Qingrong , Wang Luqi , Zhu Yue , Wang Weibing , Liu Zhengwe , Xiong Haiyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Lineage distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates is strongly associated with geographically distinct human populations, and its transmission can be further impacted by the bacterial genome. However, the epidemic success of Mtb isolates at an individual level was unknown in eastern China. Knowledge regarding the emergence and transmission of Mtb isolates as well as relevant factors may offer a new solution to curb the spread of the disease. Thus, this study aims to reveal the evolution and epidemic success of Mtb isolates in eastern China.

Results
Of initial 1040 isolates, 997 were retained after removing duplicates and those with insufficient sequencing depth. Of the final samples, 733 (73.52%) were from Zhejiang Province, and 264 (26.48%) were from Shanghai City. Lineage 2 and lineage 4 accounted for 80.44% and 19.56%, with common ancestors dating around 7017 years ago and 6882 years ago, respectively. Sub-lineage L2.2 (80.34%) contributed the majority of total isolates, followed by L4.4 (8.93%) and L4.5 (8.43%). Additionally, 51 (5.12%) isolates were identified to be multidrug-resistant (MDR), of which 21 (29.17%) were pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR). One clade harboring katG S315T mutation may date back to 65 years ago and subsequently acquired mutations conferring resistance to another five antibiotic drugs. The prevalence of compensatory mutation was the highest in pre-XDR isolates (76.19%), followed by MDR isolates (47.06%) and other drug-resistant isolates (20.60%). Time-scaled haplotypic density analyses suggested comparable success indices between lineage 2 and lineage 4 (P = 0.306), and drug resistance did not significantly promote the transmission of Mtb isolates (P = 0.340). But for pre-XDR isolates, we found a higher success index in those with compensatory mutations (P = 0.025). Mutations under positive selection were found in genes associated with resistance to second-line injectables (whiB6) and drug tolerance (prpR) in both lineage 2 and lineage 4.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates the population expansion of lineage 2 and lineage 4 in eastern China, with comparable transmission capacity, while accumulation of resistance mutations does not necessarily facilitate the success of Mtb isolates. Compensatory mutations usually accompany drug resistance and significantly contribute to the epidemiological transmission of pre-XDR strains. Prospective molecular surveillance is required to further monitor the emergence and spread of pre-XDR/XDR strains in eastern China.
Aphid adaptation to cucurbits: sugars, cucurbitacin and phloem structure in resistant and susceptible melons
Authors: Sadon Pierre , Corre Marie-Noëlle , Lugan Raphael , Boissot Nathalie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Aphis gossypii, a strictly phloemophagaous aphid, colonize hundreds of plant families, and a group of clones formed a cucurbit-specialised host-race. Cucurbits are unique in having evolved a specific extra-fascicular phloem (EFP), which carries defence-related metabolites such as cucurbitacin, whereas the fascicular phloem (FP) is common to all higher plants and carries primary metabolites, such as raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFOs). Both cucurbitacins (in the EFP) and galactinol (in the FP) have been suggested to be toxic to aphids. We investigated these hypotheses in cucurbit-specialized A. gossypii fed on melon plants with or without aphid-resistance conferred by the NLR gene Vat. We selected a plant-aphid system with (i) Vat-mediated resistance not triggered, (ii) Vat-mediated resistance triggered by an aphid clone adapted to the presence of Vat resistant alleles and (iii) Vat-mediated resistance triggered by a non-adapted aphid clone.

Results
We quantified cucurbitacin B, its glycosylated derivative, and sugars, in melon plants and aphids that fed on. The level of cucurbitacin in plants was unrelated to both aphid infestation and aphid resistance. Galactinol was present at higher quantities in plants when Vat-mediated resistance was triggered, but its presence did not correlate with aphid performance. Finally, we showed that cucurbit-specialized A. gossypii fed from the FP but could also occasionally access the EFP without sustainably feeding from it. However, the clone not adapted to Vat-mediated resistance were less able to access the FP when the Vat resistance was triggered.

Conclusion
We concluded that galactinol accumulation in resistant plants does not affect aphids, but may play a role in aphid adaptation to fasting and that Cucurbitacin in planta is not a real threat to Aphis gossypii. Moreover, the specific phloem of Cucurbits is involved neither in A. gossypii cucurbit specialisation nor in adaptation to Vat-dependent resistance.
Study of the influence of meteorological factors on HFMD and prediction based on the LSTM algorithm in Fuzhou, China
Authors: Zhu Hansong , Chen Si , Liang Rui , Feng Yulin , Joldosh Aynur , Xie Zhonghang , Chen Guangmin , Li Lingfang , Chen Kaizhi , Fang Yuanyuan , Ou Jianming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This study adopted complete meteorological indicators, including eight items, to explore their impact on hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Fuzhou, and predict the incidence of HFMD through the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network algorithm of artificial intelligence.

Method
A distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to analyse the influence of meteorological factors on HFMD in Fuzhou from 2010 to 2021. Then, the numbers of HFMD cases in 2019, 2020 and 2021 were predicted using the LSTM model through multifactor single-step and multistep rolling methods. The root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the model predictions.

Results
Overall, the effect of daily precipitation on HFMD was not significant. Low (4 hPa) and high (≥ 21 hPa) daily air pressure difference (PRSD) and low (< 7 °C) and high (> 12 °C) daily air temperature difference (TEMD) were risk factors for HFMD. The RMSE, MAE, MAPE and SMAPE of using the weekly multifactor data to predict the cases of HFMD on the following day, from 2019 to 2021, were lower than those of using the daily multifactor data to predict the cases of HFMD on the following day. In particular, the RMSE, MAE, MAPE and SMAPE of using weekly multifactor data to predict the following week's daily average cases of HFMD were much lower, and similar results were also found in urban and rural areas, which indicating that this approach was more accurate.

Conclusion
This study’s LSTM models combined with meteorological factors (excluding PRE) can be used to accurately predict HFMD in Fuzhou, especially the method of predicting the daily average cases of HFMD in the following week using weekly multifactor data.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of glucocorticoids treatment in severe COVID-19: methylprednisolone versus dexamethasone
Authors: Hong Shukun , Wang Hongye , Li Shuyuan , Liu Jian , Qiao Lujun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
The preferred agent of glucocorticoids in the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19 is still controversial. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone in the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19.

Methods
By searching the electronic literature database including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science, the clinical studies comparing methylprednisolone and dexamethasone in the treatment of severe COVID-19 were selected according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted and literature quality was assessed. The primary outcome was short-term mortality. The secondary outcomes were the rates of ICU admission and mechanical ventilation, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, hospital stay, and the incidence of severe adverse events. Statistical pooling applied the fixed or random effects model and reported as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.1.0.

Results
Twelve clinical studies were eligible, including three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nine non-RCTs. A total of 2506 patients with COVID-19 were analyzed, of which 1242 (49.6%) received methylprednisolone and 1264 (50.4%) received dexamethasone treatment. In general, the heterogeneity across studies was significant, and the equivalent doses of methylprednisolone were higher than that of dexamethasone. Our meta-analysis showed that methylprednisolone treatment in severe COVID-19 patients was related to significantly reduced plasma ferritin and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio compared with dexamethasone, and that no significant difference in other clinical outcomes between the two groups was found. However, subgroup analyses of RCTs demonstrated that methylprednisolone treatment was associated with reduced short-term mortality, and decreased CRP level compared with dexamethasone. Moreover, subgroup analyses observed that severe COVID-19 patients treated with a moderate dose (2 mg/kg/day) of methylprednisolone were related to a better prognosis than those treated with dexamethasone.

Conclusions
This study showed that compared with dexamethasone, methylprednisolone could reduce the systemic inflammatory response in severe COVID-19, and its effect was equivalent to that of dexamethasone on other clinical outcomes. It should be noted that the equivalent dose of methylprednisolone used was higher. Based on the evidence of subgroup analyses of RCTs, methylprednisolone, preferably at a moderate dose, has an advantage over dexamethasone in the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19.
Association between hyperuricemia and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with sepsis
Authors: Jiang Yuan-Xia , Gong Chun-Lei , Tang Yan , Yi Yang , Liu Fu-Gang , Zhou Jing-Wen , Shi Ying-Long , Zhou Hong-Wei , Xie Kai-Qing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Sepsis-related AKI is related to short-term mortality and poor long-term prognoses, such as chronic renal insufficiency, late development of end-stage renal disease, and long-term mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of hyperuricemia with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with sepsis.

Methods
The retrospective cohort study included 634 adult sepsis patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from March 2014 to June 2020 and the ICU of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2017 to June 2020. Based on the first serum uric acid level within 24 h of admission to the ICU, patients were divided into groups with or without hyperuricemia, and the incidence of AKI within seven days of ICU admission was compared between the two groups. The univariate analysis analyzed the effect of hyperuricemia on sepsis-related AKI, and the multivariable logistic regression model analysis was used.

Results
Among the 634 patients with sepsis, 163 (25.7%) developed hyperuricemia, and 324 (51.5%) developed AKI. The incidence of AKI in the groups with and without hyperuricemia was 76.7% and 42.3%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (2 = 57.469, P < 0.001). After adjusting for genders, comorbidities (coronary artery disease), organ failure assessment (SOFA) score on the day of admission, basal renal function, serum lactate, calcitonin, and mean arterial pressure, hyperuricemia was showed to be an independent risk factor for AKI in patients with sepsis (OR = 4.415, 95%CI 2.793 ~ 6.980, P < 0.001). For every 1 mg/dL increase in serum uric acid in patients with sepsis, the risk of AKI increased by 31.7% ( OR = 1.317, 95%CI 1.223 ~ 1.418, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
AKI is a common complication in septic patients hospitalized in the ICU, and hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for AKI in septic patients.
Risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse in women aged ≥ 69 referred to colposcopy due to an HPV-positive screening test
Authors: Booth Berit B. , Tranberg Mette , Gustafson Line W. , Christiansen Anne G. , Lapirtis Helle , Krogh Lisa M. , Hjorth Ina Marie D. , Hammer Anne 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates are high in older women in many developed countries, including Denmark. Therefore, Danish women aged 69 and older were invited for one additional human papilloma virus (HPV) based screening test in 2017. Here, we describe the clinical management and detection rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2 +) in screen-positive women referred for colposcopy.

Methods
We conducted an observational study in public gynecology departments in Central Denmark Region, Denmark. Women were eligible for enrolment if they were aged 69 + in 2017, HPV positive on a screening test taken between April 20th, 2017, and December 31st, 2017, and had been referred for direct colposcopy. Data on participants’ characteristics, colposcopic findings, and histological outcomes were collected from medical records and the Danish Pathology Databank. We estimated the proportion of women with CIN2 + at the first colposcopy visit and at end of follow up including 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
A total of 191 women were included with a median age of 74 years (IQR: 71—78). Most women (74.9%) did not have a fully visible transformation zone at colposcopy. At the first visit 170 women (89.0%) had a histological sample collected, 34 of whom (20.0%, 95% CI 14.3–26.8%) had CIN2 + diagnosed, 19 had CIN3 + , and two had cervical cancer). During follow-up additional CIN2 + were detected resulting in a total of 42 women (24.4%, 95% CI: 18.2–31.5%) being diagnosed with CIN2 + , 25 with CIN3 + , and three with cervical cancer. When restricting to women with paired histologic results (i.e., biopsies and a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) specimen), we found that CIN2 + was missed in 17.9% (95% CI 8.9–30.4%) of biopsies compared to the LEEP.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a potential risk of underdiagnosis in older postmenopausal women referred to colposcopy. Future studies should explore potential risk-markers for discrimination of women at increased risk of CIN2 + from those at low risk, as this would reduce risk of underdiagnosis and overtreatment.