bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Dityrosine Induces Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial‐Lipid Imbalance in Mouse Liver via MiR‐144‐3p‐Mediated Downregulation of Nrf2
Authors: Tang Xue , Zeng Fanhang , Wang Jun , Lyu Yipin , Yu Renqiang , Lu Naiyan , Zhou Zhou , Chen Ailing 
Published: March 2023

ScopeDityrosine (DT) is a protein oxidation marker present in many high‐protein foods, such as dairy and meat products. Chronic dietary intake of DT induces oxidative stress damage in the liver and impairs energy metabolism. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of DT on disrupted hepatic energy metabolism.Methods and resultsThe study investigates hepatic lipid accumulation, redox status imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and energy metabolism disorders in 4‐week‐old C57BL/6J mice after 35 days of DT (420 µg kg−1body weight) treatment. Transcriptome sequencing and quantitative real‐time PCR in HepG2 cells show that DT mainly acted via miR‐144‐3p. miR‐144‐3p targets immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1) and decreases the fumaric acid level in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, thereby decreasing nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and antioxidant activity.ConclusionAdministration of lycopene, a strong antioxidant, alleviates DT‐induced damage in mice, confirming the involvement of theNrf2pathway in DT‐induced abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis.
Encapsulation of Origanum onites essential oil with different wall material using spray drying
Authors: Balci‐Torun Ferhan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionOriganum onites has antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties due to its essential oil. The fact that these oils are sensitive to environmental conditions causes the need for advanced processing technologies.ObjectiveThis study was aimed to encapsulate essential oil of O. onites by spray drying to extend its shelf life.MethodsSpray drying was used to encapsulate the essential oil of O. onites, which was then mixed with maltodextrin, arabic gum, and β‐cyclodextrin using response surface methodology. After 60 days of storage, aroma analysis was performed on the essential oil of O. onites and the essential oil powder that was produced under ideal conditions.ResultsO. onites essential oil powder was subjected to GC‐MS analysis to identify 72 aroma components. Carvacrol and linalool concentrations varied from 22.66 to 30.11 mg/g and from 32.25 to 53.57 mg/g, respectively. The spray‐dried microcapsules' D4.3 values ranged from 40.75 to 48.95 μm. For every trial, the drying yield and solubility values were higher than 60% and 90%, respectively. The results of the surface optimization showed that the ideal inlet air temperature was 190°C and the ideal concentration of β‐cyclodextrin in the wall material was 1%.ConclusionThe findings indicate that O. onites essential oil was successfully encapsulated via spray drying. The preservation of critical aroma compounds in the resulting capsules is high.
Three‐dimensional magnetic resonance elastography in chronic liver disease
Authors: Li Chunli , Zhu He , Wang Yan , Gu Ye , Shi Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChronic liver disease (CLD) has become a major health problem worldwide owing to its increased morbidity and mortality. Evaluation of the degree of liver injury is crucial for the clinical management and treatment of CLD patients. In the current clinical practice, liver biopsy with histological analysis is the clinical standard for assessing the degree of CLD injury. However, liver biopsy is an invasive procedure that is limited by sampling errors and interobserver variability and is insufficient for screening and monitoring. Advanced three‐dimensional magnetic resonance elastography (3D MRE) is a simple, fast, safe, and noninvasive technology. This offers comprehensive insight into increased liver stiffness beyond stage‐specific fibrosis. This technology exhibits considerable potential for comprehensively and simultaneously assessing early necroinflammation, discriminating necroinflammation from fibrosis, detecting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis severity, predicting cirrhosis complications, and identifying tumor recurrence. Nevertheless, the clinical application and promotion of this technology are currently required in China. 3D MRE should evolve towards better clinical convenience and satisfaction to provide an imaging basis to improve treatment selection in CLD patients and facilitate its widespread use.
Honeydew production by the giant willow aphid (Tuberolachnus salignus, Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its effect on foraging yellowjackets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: Martínez Andrés S. , Villacide José M. , Buteler Micaela , Serra María Noel , Masciocchi Maité 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnderstanding the factors that promote the success of invasive species is important for managing biological invasions. Interactions between invasives and other species (e.g. competitors, pathogens, or predators), could favor or limit their success. In recent decades, yellowjacket wasps, including Vespula germanica and Vespula vulgaris, have successfully established in Patagonia. Additionally, the invasive willow Salix fragilis has invaded areas next to watercourses, which in turn are typically colonized by the giant willow aphid (GWA, Tuberolagnus salignus), an additional species characterized as a successful invader in many regions worldwide. Aphid exudate (honeydew) has been reported to be used as a carbohydrate source by social wasps. The aim of our study was to gain a better understanding of the infestation pattern of the GWA in north‐western Patagonia, its effect on exudate availability and its relationship with yellowjacket foraging patterns. The study was conducted under the working hypothesis that the increase in the size of GWA colonies and resulting honeydew production, will fuel an increase in local Vespula spp. populations.RESULTSWe found that the aphid honeydew is produced in relatively high amounts in the region (estimated at 1517  139 kg/ha/season), with strong indications that it is used by yellowjackets because of the significantly higher abundance levels of yellowjackets foraging on honeydew compared to nearby areas.CONCLUSIONGiven its effect on yellowjacket foraging behavior, the interaction of these three invasive species, willows, GWA and yellowjackets, needs to receive special attention to develop future environmentally‐sound mitigation tools of these nuisance pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Local reactivity descriptors of the important atoms in chelotropic reactions provide insight into their global variants along the reaction path
Authors: Sánchez‐Márquez Jesús , Mondal Himangshu , Patra Shanti Gopal , Morales‐Bayuelo Alejandro , Chattaraj Pratim Kumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChelotropic reactions are widely used in organic synthesis. These reactions are of the pericyclic type where a π bond and a lone pair are transformed into a pair of sigma bonds; with both sigma bonds added to the same atom. This work presents an analysis of several representative chelotropic reactions. To study the reaction path, we have divided it into two parts, from the reactants to the transition state and from the transition state to the products which has allowed us to compare the behavior of the reactants in these two ranges of the path. To perform the analysis, global reactivity descriptors based on the conceptual‐density functional theory (DFT), such as electrophilicity and global softness, have been calculated. To analyze these descriptors, the corresponding local descriptors have been used. A model based on Sanderson's principle (electronegativity equalization principle), developed previously, has been used to calculate the local reactivity descriptors (atomic). The statistical methodology of multiple regression analysis has been used to determine which local variables are the most relevant for the global parameter under study (softness, and electrophilicity), also the principal component analysis has been used as a guide to estimate the number of variables to take into account in the analysis, finally this has led us to important correlations between global and local parameters which has allowed us to analyze the reactions of the study. Transition states of the reactions are aromatic as obtained from the nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) and gauge including magnetically induced ring current (GIMIC) analysis.
Polysaccharide Nanofiber‐Stabilized Pickering Emulsion Microparticles Induce Pyroptotic Cell Death in Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells
Authors: Li Qi , Hatakeyama Mayumi , Kitaoka Takuya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe intracellular uptake and interaction behavior of emulsion microparticles in liver cells critical to host defense and inflammation is significant to understanding their potential cytotoxicity and biomedical applications. In this study, the cell death responses of fibroblastic, hepatocyte, and Kupffer cells (KCs) induced by four types of emulsion particles that are stabilized by polysaccharide nanofibers (cellulose or chitin), an inorganic nanoparticle (β‐tricalcium phosphate), or surfactants are compared. Pickering emulsion (PE) microparticles stabilized by polysaccharide nanofibers or inorganic nanoparticles have a droplet size of 1–3 µm, while the surfactant‐stabilized emulsion has a diameter of ≈190 nm. Polysaccharide nanofiber‐stabilized PEs (PPEs) markedly induce lactate dehydrogenase release in all cell types. Additionally, characteristic pyroptotic cell death, which is accompanied by cell swelling, membrane blebbing, and caspase‐1 activation, occurs in hepatocytes and KCs. These PE microparticles are co‐cultured with lipopolysaccharide‐primed KCs associated with cytokine interleukin‐1β release, and the PPEs demonstrate biological activity as a mediator of the inflammation response. Well‐designed PPE microparticles induce pyroptosis of liver cells, which may provide new insight into regulating inflammation‐related diseases for designing potent anticancer drugs and vaccine adjuvants.
Allosteric Nucleic Acid Enzyme: A Versatile Stimuli‐Responsive Tool for Molecular Computing and Biosensing Nanodevices
Authors: Hu Yuqiang , Li Changjiang , Hu Minghao , Zhang Zhen , Fu Ruolan , Tang Xinjing , Wu Tongbo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAllostery is a naturally occurring mechanism in which effector binding induces the modulation and fine control of a related biomolecule function. Deoxyribozyme (DNAzyme) with catalytic activity and substrate recognition ability is ideal to be regulated by allosteric strategies. However, the current regulations frequently confront various obstacles, such as severe activity decay, signal leakage, and limited effectors. In this work, a rational regulation strategy for developing versatile effectors‐responsive allosteric nucleic acid enzyme (ANAzyme) by introducing an allosteric domain in response to diverse effectors is established. The enzyme‐like activity of this re‐engineered ANAzyme can be modulated in a more predictable and fine way compared with the previous DNAzyme regulation strategies. Based on the allosteric strategy, the construction of allosterically coregulatory nanodevices and a series of basic logic gates and logic circuits are achieved, demonstrating that the proposed ANAzyme‐regulated strategy showed great potential in molecular computing. Given these facts, the rational design of ANAzyme with the allosteric domain presented here can expand the available toolbox to develop a variety of stimuli‐responsive allosteric DNA materials, including molecular machines, computing systems, biosensing platforms, and gene‐silencing tools.
Dielectric elastomer artificial muscle materials advancement and soft robotic applications
Authors: Guo Yuxuan , Qin Qicong , Han Ziqing , Plamthottam Roshan , Possinger Mason , Pei Qibing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConventional robotic systems are built with rigid materials to deal with large forces and predetermined processes. Soft robotics, however, is an emerging field seeking to develop adaptable robots that can perform tasks in unpredictable environments and biocompatible devices that close the gap between humans and machines. Dielectric elastomers (DEs) have emerged as a soft actuation technology that imitates the properties and performance of natural muscles, making them an attractive material choice for soft robotics. However, conventional DE materials suffer from electromechanical instability (EMI), which reduces their performance and limits their applications in soft robotics. This review discusses key innovations in DE artificial muscles from a material standpoint, followed by a survey on their representative demonstrations of soft robotics. Specifically, we introduce modifications of DE materials that enable large strains, fast responses, and high energy densities by suppressing EMI. Additionally, we examine materials that allow variable stiffness and self‐healing abilities in DE actuators. Finally, we review dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) applications in soft robotics in four categories, including automation, manipulation, locomotion, and human interaction.
The status of education for integrative medicine in Japanese medical universities with special reference to Kampo medicines
Authors: Chung Hui‐Yu , Yuasa Motoki , Chen Fu‐Shih , Yukawa Keiko , Motoo Yoshiharu , Arai Ichiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe Japanese government defined integrative/integrated medicine (IM) as “medical practice led by physicians, cooperating with other specialists.” Therefore, the basics of comprehensive medical education should be provided in medical universities. We investigated the situation of IM with special reference to Kampo medicines in the national core curricula, national examination standards and the syllabuses for lectures published on the universities' websites.MethodsIn the published documents regarding the core curriculum, national examination standards and syllabuses in the academic year 2018, we analyzed whether they include IM.ResultsFour kinds of universities offered “Kampo medicine” (Japanese traditional herbal medicine) as their core curriculum. Pharmaceutical universities included “health food”, and nursing universities included “alternative medicine”. National examination standards for dentists and pharmacists included Kampo medicine, but those for doctors and nurses did not. In the syllabuses of medical universities, 85% included Kampo medicine, but the percentage for IMs was low. The situation was similar in dental universities. All pharmaceutical universities included Kampo medicines and health foods; other IMs were low. The number for all IMs in nursing universities was lower than half.ConclusionBased on the definition of IM in this paper, we investigated the actual situation of IM education including Kampo in all universities. There were considerable differences between all the faculties. For medical doctor, the Kampo medicines listed in the model core curriculum that are not included in the national examination standard should be rectified. For pharmacists, it is important to deepen the educational contents in this field.
WTAP contributes to the tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma via modulating ALB in an m6A‐dependent manner
Authors: Pan Qiyong , Lou Jigang , Yan Penghui , Kang Xiaobiao , Li Pengfei , Huang Zongqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeOsteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent bone malignancy mainly occurred in adolescents. WTAP/N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification is confirmed to be involved in OS progression. This study is conducted to bring some novel insights to the action mechanism of WTAP/m6A under the hidden pathogenesis of OS.MethodsqRT‐PCR was executed to evaluate the expression levels of WTAP and ALB. ALB protein level in OS cells was measured by western blotting. The content of m6A in total RNA was assessed by m6A quantification assay. Me‐RIP, dual luciferase reporter, and mRNA stability assays confirmed the target relationship of WTAP with ALB. With the use of the wound healing, CCK‐8, and transwell invasion assays, the functional relationship between WTAP and ALB in OS cells was confirmed. The influences of WTAP on tumor growth in vivo were performed in the xenograft model of mouse.ResultsWTAP was increased but ALB was diminished in OS tissues and/or cell lines. WTAP modulated ALB expression in an m6A‐dependent manner. Silencing of WTAP retarded the development of OS via inhibiting cell viability, migration, invasion, and tumor growth. Knockdown of ALB exerted the opposite effects on OS progression. Additionally, ALB deficiency partially eliminated the inhibiting effects of WTAP silencing on cellular processes in OS.ConclusionsThis is the first report to clarify the interaction of WTAP/m6A with ALB in OS progression. These experimental data to some extent broadened the horizons of WTAP/m6A in the development of OS.
Perfluorooctane sulfonate‐induced apoptosis in kidney cells by triggering the NOX4/ROS/JNK axis and antagonism of cannabidiol
Authors: Du Yongzhen , Xu Tong , Luo Dongliu , Wang Yixuan , Yin Hang , Liu Chengguo , Li Shu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPerfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which can cause severe nephrotoxicity in mammals. Cannabinol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid obtained from the cannabis plant, has attracted attention in recent years for its excellent antioxidant properties. NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) has an important effect in supporting normal renal physiological function. The potential mechanisms of PFOS nephrotoxicity and whether CBD can prevent renal damage caused by PFOS remain unclear. This work aimed to study the mechanisms of PFOS‐induced kidney damage and the protective role of CBD against PFOS‐induced kidney damage. We demonstrated that PFOS led to renal insufficiency and structural damage in mice, induced overexpression of NOX4 and the onset of oxidative stress, and activated apoptosis of the mitochondrial pathway via the JNK signaling pathway. However, treatment with CBD reversed these changes. For further investigation of the potential mechanism of PFOS‐induced renal cell apoptosis, the expression of NOX4 was inhibited in vitro experiments using Apocynin, an effective NOX4 inhibitor. The outcomes showed that PFOS‐induced ROS production and JNK signaling pathway activation and apoptosis in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells were significantly reduced after inhibition of NOX4. This suggests that PFOS‐induced NOX4 overexpression serves as an upstream event for JNK pathway activation. In conclusion, the findings suggest that PFOS induces apoptosis in renal cells via the NOX4/ROS/JNK pathway. Meanwhile, CBD alleviated PFOS‐induced renal apoptosis through the inhibition of NOX4/ROS/JNK axis activation.
Benchmarking Oxford Nanopore read alignment‐based insertion and deletion detection in crop plant genomes
Authors: Yildiz Gözde , Zanini Silvia F. , Afsharyan Nazanin P. , Obermeier Christian , Snowdon Rod J. , Golicz Agnieszka A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStructural variations (SVs) are larger polymorphisms (> 50 bp in length), which consist of insertions, deletions, inversions, duplications, and translocations. They can have a strong impact on agronomical traits and play an important role in environmental adaptation. The development of long‐read sequencing technologies, including Oxford Nanopore, allows for comprehensive SV discovery and characterization even in complex polyploid crop genomes. However, many of the SV discovery pipeline benchmarks do not include complex plant genome datasets. In this study, we benchmarked insertion and deletion detection by popular long‐read alignment‐based SV detection tools for crop plant genomes. We used real and simulated Oxford Nanopore reads for two crops, allotetraploidBrassica napus(oilseed rape) and diploidSolanum lycopersicum(tomato), and evaluated several read aligners and SV callers across 5×, 10×, and 20× coverages typically used in re‐sequencing studies. We further validated our findings using maize and soybean datasets. Our benchmarks provide a useful guide for designing Oxford Nanopore re‐sequencing projects and SV discovery pipelines for crop plants.
CBT‐Cys click reaction for optical bioimaging in vivo
Authors: Hu Xinyi , Tang Runqun , Bai Lin , Liu Songqin , Liang Gaolin , Sun Xianbao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDerived from the D‐luciferin regeneration pathway in firefly body, the click condensation reaction between 2‐cyanobenzothiazole (CBT) and D‐cysteine (Cys) (CBT‐Cys click reaction) possesses unique advantages, including superior biocompatibility, high second order reaction rate, and metal‐free mild conditions, emerging as a powerful bioorthogonal tool for a variety of chemical biological applications. Moreover, owing to its programmable controllability (e.g., pH, reduction, or enzyme), CBT‐Cys click reaction is exploited to fabricate stimuli‐activatable imaging probes with self‐assembling behaviors in physiological context. At stimuli‐rich pathological lesions of interest, these probes undergo CBT‐Cys click reaction to form cyclic dimers/oligomers or linear polymers, and further self‐assemble into nanostructures. The in situ formed nanostructures promote the selective accumulation and retention of imaging agent cargos at pathological lesions, thus enabling precise and enhanced in vivo imaging of diseases (especially tumors). To address the significance and recent breakthroughs of smart CBT‐Cys probes for enhanced optical imaging of tumors/other diseases, we herein propose this mini‐review, in which advances (particularly in recent 5 years) and potential challenges (or chances) in this field are emphasized.
Interrogating the performance and microbial ecology of an enhanced biological phosphorus removal/post‐anoxic denitrification process at bench and pilot scales
Authors: Coats Erik R. , Appel Felicity J. , Guho Nick , Brinkman Cynthia K. , Mellin Jason 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch focused on interrogating post‐anoxic enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) at bench and pilot scales. Average bench‐scale effluent ranged from 0.33 to 1.4 mgP/L, 0.35 to 3.7 mgNH3‐N/L, and 1.1 to 3.9 mgNOx‐N/L. Comparatively, the pilot achieved effluent (50th percentile/average) of 0.13/0.2 mgP/L, 9.7/8.2 mgNH3‐N/L, and 0.38/3.3 mgNOx‐N/L under dynamic influent and environmental conditions. For EBPR process monitoring, P:C ratio data indicated that 0.2–0.4 molP/molC will result in stable EBPR; relatedly, a target design influent volatile fatty acid (VFA):P ratio would exceed 15 mgCOD/mgP. Post‐anoxic EBPR was enriched for Nitrobacter spp. at 1.70%–20.27%, with Parcubacteria also dominating; the former is putatively associated with nitritation and the latter is a putative fermenting heterotrophic organism. Post‐anoxic specific denitrification rates (SDNRs) (20°C) ranged from 0.70 to 3.10 mgN/gVSS/h; there was a strong correlation (R2 = 0.94) between the SDNR and %Parcubacteria for systems operated at a 20‐day solids residence time (SRT). These results suggest that carbon substrate potentially generated by this putative fermenter may enhance post‐anoxic EBPR.Practitioner Points
Post‐anoxic EBPR can achieve effluent of <0.2 mgP/L and <12 mgN/L.
The P:C and VFA:P ratios can be predictive for EBPR process monitoring.
Post‐anoxic EBPR was enriched for Nitrobacter spp. over Nitrospira spp. and also for Parcubacteria, which is a putative fermenting heterotrophic organism.
Post‐anoxic specific denitrification rates (20°C) ranged from 0.70 to 3.10 mgN/gVSS/h.
BLASTn analysis of 16S rDNA PAO primer set was shown to be improved to 93.8% for Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis and 73.2%–94.0% for all potential PAOs.