bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consciousness and Flow for Leadership Development
Authors: Goodman David H. , Maheshwari Anil K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe flow experience, first studied by Mihaly (Csikszentmihalyi, Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience, Harper Perennial, 1991), represents a glimpse into peak experiences, and suggests an expanded state of consciousness often accompanied by superior creativity and accomplishment. The experience of transcendence through Transcendental Meditation® (TM®), brought to the world by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, leads to development of consciousness and is associated with heightened creativity and fluid thinking. This chapter will compare flow experience with the development of consciousness toward higher states. Flow experiences have prerequisites in terms of mastery of craft, unambiguous clear task requirements, and a basic equivalence between the individual’s level of skill and the presented challenge. Flow experiences E "experience" are often fleeting and hard to predict. Regular practice of TM can systematically support more frequent experiences of creativity and the establishment of higher states of consciousness, known as enlightenment and create more frequent experiences of creativity and effortlessness. The goal of practice of the TM technique is enlightenment, living the experience of pure consciousness in all situations throughout the day, along with the other three states of consciousness (waking, dreaming, and sleeping), during external turbulence or not, and autotelic or not. Autotelic simply means that the activity is inspiring in and of itself enough, without an end-purpose. That is one of the findings in the flow experience but is not necessary in higher states of consciousness. There is overlap; however higher states of consciousness are based on refinement of the nervous system to support silence and dynamism.
Radical Left Movements in Scandinavia, 1980–2020: Straddling Militant Counterculture and Popular Movements
Authors: Jämte Jan , Lundstedt Måns , Wennerhag Magnus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter describes the development of radical left activism in Scandinavia in the post-war period, with a particular focus on the last four decades. During this period, the main tendency in radical left activism shifted from party-based Marxism-Leninism to network-based, direct-action activism based on libertarian socialist ideals. Combining secondary literature with original quantitative and qualitative data on the radical left-libertarian movements (RLLM) in Sweden and Denmark, this chapter shows how RLLM activism emerged, expanded, and ultimately declined between the early 1980s and late 2010s. While there are key differences between the countries in terms of timing and issue foci, the chapter emphasizes the similarities between the countries. Tracing the movements’ development through sequential phases, the chapter shows them shifting from direct-action networks that engaged in a variety of political issue—anti-fascism, anti-imperialism, feminism, animal rights, etc.—to more “conventional” networks of organizations and initiatives through which activists intervened in local politics and neighborhood and workplace conflicts. The same period also saw the RLLM become less disruptive and violent, in favor of tactical pragmatism and conventional forms of protest. The chapter explains these changes as a combination of four main processes: (1) movement-internal developments, (2) changes in the countercultural milieus surrounding the movement, (3) the political institutionalization of the movement’s main counterpart, the far right, and (4) new patterns of protest policing and state repression.
Introduction
Authors: Papathanassopoulos Stylianos , Miconi Andrea 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe media in Europe have radically changed since 1990. But even within Europe, the processes or mechanisms of “oversight” varied according to individual political and cultural traditions. In effect a major element of the European media has been that they have been characterized by great diversity. The media in Europe are not only different media systems between the West and the East but also among the southern, central and the northern European countries. Hallin and Mancini, in their seminal work Comparing Media Systems, have suggested three models which describe the media systems in mainly “old” Western Europe. At the same time, their model has served as a theoretical landmark for most of comparative media systems studies and can still provide a useful framework for current comparative research on the media field. In effect, we consider that theoretical approach envisioned by Hallin and Mancini might still be a place for the concept of media systems among comparative studies in the digital era considering the new developments in the media systems. The latter are not simply a consequence of processes of globalization but also outcomes of technological change, policy making and economics and the Europeanization process which help give shape to the new world and to the media order. This book is based on some of the historical findings of a larger project entitled “European Media Platforms: Assessing Positive and Negative Externalities for European Culture” funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 101004488. It aims to present an account of the contemporary media field focusing on the trends as well as on the problems the national media systems within the European Union face.
The Media in Northwestern Europe in the Last Three Decades
Authors: Grassmuck Volker , Thomass Barbara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOn the basis of the model of Hallin and Mancini (Comparing media systems. Three models of media and politics. University Press, Cambridge, 2004), the chapter describes the media systems in Northwestern Europe with respect to their main characteristics and the developments of the markets and points to the development of trust in the media that we observe in the countries of Ireland, the United Kingdom (UK), Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Germany and Austria. The degree and nature of the links between the media and political parties are considered as well as the development of journalistic professionalism and the role of the state in the function of the media. We conclude that the media systems of the Northwestern European region are still in accordance with the democratic corporatist model of Hallin and Mancini.
$$L^s(L^q)$$-estimates of the pressure - The proof of Sohr-von Wahl and its impact on mathematical fluid dynamics
Authors: Farwig Reinhard 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe article On the regularity of the pressure of weak solutions of Navier–Stokes equations by H. Sohr and W. von Wahl (1986) is one of the most-cited papers of the journal Archiv der Mathematik. Our aim is to describe not only the content of the paper, but especially the novelty of its results on maximal regularity of the Stokes operator considered from a point of view of the eighties and from a modern point of view.
Major complications after intraoperative radiotherapy with low-energy x-rays in early breast cancer
Authors: Berger Laura , Grimm Anja , Sütterlin Marc , Spaich Saskia , Sperk Elena , Tuschy Benjamin , Berlit Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To describe and analyze major local complications after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with low-energy x‑rays during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in early breast cancer.

Methods
Ten women out of 408 who were treated with IORT between 2002 and 2017 and subsequently developed a severe local complication requiring surgical intervention were retrospectively identified and analyzed. Demographic, clinical, and surgical parameters as well as complication characteristics and treatment methods were evaluated.

Results
At initial presentation, eight patients (80%) showed redness, six (60%) seroma, six (60%) wound infection, six (60%) suture dehiscence, and four (40%) induration of the former surgical area. Hematoma and necrosis were observed in one case (10%) each. Time interval until appearance of the first symptoms ranged from directly postoperative until 15 years postoperatively (median 3.1 months). Initial treatment modalities comprised antibiotic therapy (n = 8/80%) and transcutaneous aspiration of seroma (n = 3/30%). In the majority of patients, smaller surgical interventions (excision of a necrotic area/fistula [n = 6/60%] or secondary suture [n = 5/50%]) were sufficient to overcome the complication, yet larger interventions such as complex flap surgery and mastectomy were necessary in one patient each.

Conclusion
IORT is an efficient and safe treatment method as < 2.5% of all IORT patients experienced major local complications. However, it seems to pose the risk of causing severe local complications that may require lengthy and burdensome treatment. Thorough preoperative counseling, implementation of recommended intraoperative precautions, and high vigilance for first symptoms of complications during follow-up appointments are necessary measures.
Use of elemental profiles determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence and multivariate analyses to detect adulteration in Ceylon cinnamon
Authors: Ghidotti Michele , Papoci Sergej , Pietretti Danilo , Ždiniaková Tereza , de la Calle Guntiñas María Beatriz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe price of Cinnamomum verum (Ceylon cinnamon) is around twice as high as that of the other cinnamon varieties commonly grouped under the name cassia cinnamon, making the former spice an attractive target for fraudsters. This work demonstrates that elemental profiles obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence in combination with multivariate analyses can be used as a screening method to detect Ceylon cinnamon adulteration. Thirty-six elements were analysed in 52 commercially available cinnamon samples, 29 Ceylon, 8 cassia, and 15 for which no indication about variety was provided. Fifty-eight percent of the samples were either adulterated or did not meet international quality criteria. Four of the ground cinnamon samples labelled as Ceylon cinnamon were found to be pure cassia or a mixture with a high cassia content, and 26 samples were suspected of other types of adulteration including replacement of bark with other parts of the cinnamon tree. Headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and ash determination by thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the conclusions reached by elemental analysis. Only one sample labelled as Ceylon cinnamon and that according to its volatile composition was cassia cinnamon was not flagged as suspicious by elemental analysis.
Graphical Abstract
Methods of Recruitment for Surgical and Perioperative Randomized Controlled Trials: A Rapid Review
Authors: Ninomiya Maya Morton , Hiemstra Jenna , Nicholson Emma , Isaac Kathryn V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to the complex nature of surgical randomized controlled trials (RCTs), reaching target recruitment can be challenging. The primary objective was to report on characteristics of successful pilot surgical and perioperative RCTs and the methodological strategies implemented to optimize recruitment. The secondary objective was to provide recommendations for successful recruitment strategies for future surgical RCTs. Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and Web of Science (via Ovid) databases were searched from 2012 to 2022. This review included surgical and perioperative pilot studies that met their recruitment targets. Study and recruitment characteristics were summarized, and potential relationships between study design and recruitment rate were assessed. Optimized recruitment strategies were extracted when reported. Of 4156 total articles identified, 255 underwent full‐text screening, and 52 articles were included. Of the included pilot studies, 21% (n = 11) did not indicate a target sample size or recruitment rate. Recruitment methods were minimally reported in pilot studies for perioperative or surgical RCTs. Strategies to optimize recruitment included internal iterative evaluations of the recorded recruitment appointments and staged introduction of the study. Recruitment rate was not associated with invasiveness of intervention or burden of participation. Patient involvement is absent from current reports on methodological design and offers valuable opportunity to optimize recruitment. Recruitment strategies in perioperative and surgical RCTs can be optimized with iterative qualitative evaluation of the recruitment methods with input from the interdisciplinary research team.
Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study to Evaluate a Cell-Impermeable Endoprosthesis for Treatment of Stenosis or Occlusion within the Dialysis Outflow Circuit of an Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula or AV Graft (The WRAP Registry)
Authors: Rajan Dheeraj K. , Kitrou Panagiotis M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dysfunctional vascular access due to stenosis/occlusion within the arteriovenous fistula or graft (AVF/AVG) negatively affects the clinical management of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Results from the feasibility study of the WRAPSODY™ Cell-Impermeable Endoprosthesis demonstrated that the device can achieve high patency rates and maintain integrity of the dialysis outflow circuit. This study was designed to assess real-world evidence of safety and efficacy outcomes following device placement.

Materials and Methods
This is a prospective, multicenter, non-investigational, post-market observational study of 500 patients at up to 50 centers worldwide with a mature AVF/AVG dialysis access (≥ 1 hemodialysis session) who experience stenosis/occlusion of the outflow circuit prior to placement of WRAPSODY. Patients will be divided into the following two cohorts: peripheral or central thoracic. Primary outcome measures include target lesion primary patency (TLPP) at 6 months and procedure and/or device-related events through 30 days post-procedure. Secondary outcome measures include TLPP, safety events, and the number of interventions needed to maintain patency through the 24 month study period. Exploratory endpoints include time to access abandonment, resumption of successful dialysis, functional patency, and pending available imaging data, any incidence of stent fractures, migration, or edge stenosis. Study enrollment began in June 2022, the last patient visit is expected in 2026.

Discussion
It is expected that this study will provide real-world evidence regarding the performance of the WRAPSODY device in a diverse population of patients, which may encourage its use in the continuum of hemodialysis access management.

Trial Registration
NCT05062291

Graphical Abstract
Environmental dynamics of the western European Mediterranean landscape during the Pleistocene to Holocene transition
Authors: Pérez-Díaz Sebastián , Ruiz-Alonso Mónica , López-Sáez José Antonio , Alday Alfonso , Cava-Almuzara Ana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA strategic aim of research into climate change in the distant past is to respond to the contemporary challenges of global warming at the present. Determining the processes of adaptation by ecosystems to these challenges, evaluating the effects of environmental change on human communities and finding which regions are more or less sensitive to climate change are among the key topics of environmental research today. Throughout the past millennia, some of the most abrupt environmental upheavals were the successive phases of the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene transition, ranging from cold and dry to mild and damp climates. These phases differed in intensity and effects across all regions of the planet. In this paper, the long-term changes to both vegetation cover and human settlements within the upper Ebro river basin (northern Iberia, western Mediterranean) are shown by new palaeoenvironmental sequences from two archaeological sites dated between ca. 14,000 and 8,000 cal bp, which serve as proxy evidence for past vegetation cover. Summed radiocarbon probability distributions of other nearby archaeological sites were also used to study the dynamics of land occupation throughout the period. The main findings point to vegetation changes changing from the dominance of open landscapes with pines and deciduous woods during the late Pleistocene to the dominance of deciduous forest cover with few areas with open landscapes and far fewer pinewoods during the early Holocene.
Neurological update: neuro-otology 2023
Authors: Halmágyi Gábor M. , Akdal Gülden , Welgampola Miriam S. , Wang Chao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMuch has changed since our last review of recent advances in neuro-otology 7 years ago. Unfortunately there are still not many practising neuro-otologists, so that most patients with vestibular problems need, in the first instance, to be evaluated and treated by neurologists whose special expertise is not neuro-otology. The areas we consider here are mostly those that almost any neurologist should be able to start managing: acute spontaneous vertigo in the Emergency Room—is it vestibular neuritis or posterior circulation stroke; recurrent spontaneous vertigo in the office—is it vestibular migraine or Meniere's disease and the most common vestibular problem of all—benign positional vertigo. Finally we consider the future: long-term vestibular monitoring and the impact of machine learning on vestibular diagnosis.
Effects of mandibular advancement devices on upper airway dimensions in obstructive sleep apnea: responders versus non-responders
Authors: Shi Xiaoxin , Lobbezoo Frank , Chen Hui , Rosenmöller Boudewijn R. A. M. , Berkhout Erwin , de Lange Jan , Aarab Ghizlane 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Study objectives
To compare the effects of mandibular advancement device (MAD) therapy on upper airway dimensions between responders and non-responders with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods
Thirty-one participants (21 men and 10 women) with a mean ± SD apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 16.6 ± 6.7 events/h, and aged 48.5 ± 13.9 years, were included in this study. Polysomnographic recordings and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in supine position were performed for every participant at baseline and at 3-month follow-up with their MAD in situ. Responders were defined as having ≥ 50% reduction in baseline AHI with a residual AHI < 10 events/h. The primary outcome variable was the minimal cross-sectional area of the upper airway (CSAmin).

Results
No significant differences were found between responders (n = 15) and non-responders (n = 16) in age, gender distribution, body mass index, and neck circumference (P = 0.06–0.93), nor in AHI and CSAmin (P = 0.40 and 0.65, respectively) at baseline. The changes of the CSAmin with MAD in situ in the responder group were not significantly different compared to those in the non-responder group (P = 0.06).

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that the changes of the upper airway dimensions induced by MADs are not significantly different between responders and non-responders with mild to moderate OSA.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02724865. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02724865
Clinical characteristics, course, and outcomes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis overlapping with pregnancy: a systematic review of 38 published cases
Authors: Hamad Abdullah Ashraf , Amer Basma Ehab , AL Mawla Aya Mustafa , Goufa Elarbi , Abdelwahab Maya Magdy , Serag Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare and fatal neurodegenerative disease that can overlap with pregnancy, but little is known about its clinical characteristics, course, and outcomes in this context. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the current evidence on ALS overlapping with pregnancy.

Methods
We comprehensively searched four databases on February 2, 2023, to identify case studies reporting cases of ALS overlapping with pregnancy. Joanna Brigs Institute tool was followed to assess the quality of the included studies.

Results
Twenty-six articles reporting 38 cases were identified and included in our study. Out of the 38 cases, 18 were aged < 30 years. The onset of ALS was before pregnancy in 18 cases, during pregnancy in 16 cases, and directly after pregnancy in 4 cases. ALS progression course was rapid or severe in 55% of the cases during pregnancy, and this percentage reached 61% in cases with an onset of ALS before pregnancy. While ALS progression course after pregnancy was rapid or severe in 63% and stable in 37% of the cases. Most cases (95%) were able to complete the pregnancy and gave live birth. However, preterm delivery was common. For neonates, 86% were healthy without any complications.

Conclusion
While pregnancy with ALS is likely to survive and result in giving birth to healthy infants, it could be associated with rapid or severe progression of ALS and result in a worse prognosis, highlighting the importance of close monitoring and counselling for patients and healthcare providers.
Detection of adversarial attacks based on differences in image entropy
Authors: Ryu Gwonsang , Choi Daeseon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved high performance across various applications, they are often deceived by adversarial examples generated by adding small perturbations. To combat adversarial attacks, many detection methods have been proposed, including feature squeezing and trapdoor. However, these methods rely on the output of DNNs or involve training a separate network to detect adversarial examples, which leads to high computational costs and low efficiency. In this study, we propose a simple and effective approach called the entropy-based detector (EBD) to protect DNNs from various adversarial attacks. EBD detects adversarial examples by comparing the difference in entropy between the input sample before and after bit depth reduction. We show that EBD can detect over 98% of the adversarial examples generated by attacks using fast-gradient sign method, basic iterative method, momentum iterative method, DeepFool and CW attacks when the false positive rate is 2.5% for CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets.
Analyzing the impact of human errors on interactive service robotic scenarios via formal verification
Authors: Lestingi Livia , Manglaviti Andrea , Marinaro Davide , Marinello Luca , Askarpour Mehrnoosh , Bersani Marcello M. , Rossi Matteo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping robotic applications with human–robot interaction for the service sector raises a plethora of challenges. In these settings, human behavior is essentially unconstrained as they can stray from the plan in numerous ways, constituting a critical source of uncertainty for the outcome of the robotic mission. Application designers require accessible and reliable frameworks to address this issue at an early development stage. We present a model-driven framework for developing interactive service robotic scenarios, allowing designers to model the interactive scenario, estimate its outcome, deploy the application, and smoothly reconfigure it. This article extends the framework compared to previous works by introducing an analysis of the impact of human errors on the mission’s outcome. The core of the framework is a formal model of the agents at play—the humans and the robots—and the robotic mission under analysis, which is subject to statistical model checking to estimate the mission’s outcome. The formal model incorporates a formalization of different human erroneous behaviors’ phenotypes, whose likelihood can be tuned while configuring the scenario. Through scenarios inspired by the healthcare setting, the evaluation highlights how different configurations of erroneous behavior impact the verification results and guide the designer toward the mission design that best suits their needs.