bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on chronic disease management and patient reported outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension: The Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry
Authors: Mayer Megan , Badesch David B. , Nielsen Kelly H. , Kawut Steven , Bull Todd , Ryan John J. , Sager Jeffrey , Mazimba Sula , Hemnes Anna , Klinger James , Runo James , McConnell John W. , De Marco Teresa , Chakinala Murali M. , Yung Delphine , Elwing Jean , Kaplan Adolfo , Argula Rahul , Pomponio Raymond , Peterson Ryan , Hountras Peter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo better understand the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the care of patients with pulmonary hypertension, we conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating health insurance status, healthcare access, disease severity, and patient reported outcomes in this population. Using the Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry (PHAR), we defined and extracted a longitudinal cohort of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients from the PHAR's inception in 2015 until March 2022. We used generalized estimating equations to model the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on patient outcomes, adjusting for demographic confounders. We assessed whether insurance status modified these effects via covariate interactions. PAH patients were more likely to be on publicly‐sponsored insurance during the COVID‐19 pandemic compared with prior, and did not experience statistically significant delays in access to medications, increased emergency room visits or nights in the hospital, or worsening of mental health metrics. Patients on publicly‐sponsored insurance had higher healthcare utilization and worse objective measures of disease severity compared with privately insured individuals irrespective of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The relatively small impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on pulmonary hypertension‐related outcomes was unexpected but may be due to pre‐established access to high quality care at pulmonary hypertension comprehensive care centers. Irrespective of the COVID‐19 pandemic, patients who were on publicly‐sponsored insurance seemed to do worse, consistent with prior studies highlighting outcomes in this population. We speculate that previously established care relationships may lessen the impact of an acute event, such as a pandemic, on patients with chronic illness.
Percutaneous endovascular biopsy for the diagnosis of pulmonary artery masses: A preliminary study of single‐center
Authors: Hong Cheng , Lin Jie‐Long , Chen Hai‐Ming , Guo Wen‐Liang , Li Xiao‐Yan , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPercutaneous endovascular biopsy (PEB) including forceps biopsy and catheter aspiration has been used to make a pretreatment diagnosis for pulmonary artery (PA) masses. This retrospective study aims to describe the procedure of PEB and compare the diagnostic yield of forceps biopsy and catheter aspiration for a definite diagnosis in patients with PA masses. All consecutive 22 patients (53 ± 14 years), 11 males and 11 females, who underwent PEB for pathologic confirmation between November 2018 and November 2022 were enrolled. All 22 patients performed computed tomography pulmonary angiography or positron emission tomography‐computed tomography to confirm the filling defects suspicious for PA malignancy before intervention. And then, all patients underwent PEB successfully without acute or fatal complications, including both forceps biopsy and catheter aspiration in 15 cases, only forceps biopsy in 5 cases, and only catheter aspiration in 2 cases. Histopathological analysis provided a definite diagnosis in all PEBs with a clinical success of 91.0% (20/22). Among them, in 15 patients who underwent both forceps biopsy and aspiration biopsy, the technical success using forceps biopsy was 93.3% (14/15), and aspiration biopsy was 6.7% (1/15), and there was a significant difference in diagnostic accuracy when comparing two techniques. Twenty‐one out of 22 PA masses (95.5%) were malignant, of which, the most frequent malignant lesion observed was PA sarcoma (66.7%, 14/21). Benign lesion included one thrombus (4.5%, 1/22). In conclusion, PEB is an effective and safe diagnostic method for differentiating benign and malignant PA masses and could be peformed when PA masses appeared clinically malignant.
Inhibiting Interfacial Diffusion in Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells by Replacing Low‐Dimensional Perovskite with Uniformly Anchored Quaternized Polystyrene
Authors: Tian Congcong , Sun Anxin , Liang Jianghu , Zhang Zhanfei , Zheng Yiting , Wu Xueyun , Liu Yuan , Tang Chen , Chen Chun‐Chao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSurface heterojunction has been regarded as an effective method to improve the device efficiency of perovskite solar cells. Nevertheless, the durability of different heterojunction under thermal stress is rarely investigated and compared. In this work, benzylammonium chloride and benzyltrimethylammonium chloride are utilized to construct 3D/2D and 3D/1D heterojunctions, respectively. A quaternized polystyrene is synthesized to construct a three‐dimensional perovskite/amorphous ionic polymer (3D/AIP) heterojunction. Due to the migration and volatility of organic cations, severe interfacial diffusion is found among 3D/2D and 3D/1D heterojunctions, in which the quaternary ammonium cations in the 1D structure are less volatile and mobile than the primary ammonium cations in the 2D structure. 3D/AIP heterojunction remains intact under thermal stress due to the strong ionic bond anchoring at the interface and the ultra‐high molecular weight of AIP. Furthermore, the dipole layer formed by AIP can further reduce the voltage loss caused by nonradiative recombination at the interface by 0.088 V. Therefore, the devices based on the 3D/AIP heterojunction achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 24.27% and maintain 90% of its initial efficiency after either thermal aging for 400 h or wet aging for 3000 h, showing a great promise for polymer/perovskite heterojunction towards real applications.
CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanoparticles causes Colitis‐Like Symptom via Promoting Intestinal Barrier Damage and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis
Authors: Mei Linqiang , Guo Junsong , He Rendong , Ding Xuefeng , Yin Wenyan , Gu Zhanjun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLead‐based perovskite nanoparticles (Pb‐PNPs) with superior optoelectronic properties are promising alternatives for the next generation of photovoltaics materials. This raises a great concern about their potential exposure toxicity in biological systems. However, little is known about their adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract system so far. Here, the aim is to investigate the biodistribution, biotransformation, potential gastrointestinal tract toxicity, and effect on the gut microbiota after oral exposure to the CsPbBr3 perovskite nanoparticles (CPB PNPs). The advanced synchrotron radiation based microscopic X‐ray fluorescence scanning and X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy demonstrate that high doses of CPB (CPB‐H) PNPs can gradually transform into different lead‐based compounds, subsequently accumulating in the gastrointestinal tract, especially the colon. Meanwhile, the pathological changes of stomach, small intestine, and colon reveal that CPB‐H PNPs have higher gastrointestinal tract toxicity than Pb(Ac)2, consequently leading to colitis‐like symptoms. More importantly, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis discloses that CPB‐H PNPs cause more significant alterations in the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota related to inflammation, intestinal barrier, and immune function than Pb(Ac)2. The findings may contribute to shedding light on understanding the adverse effects on gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiota of Pb‐PNPs.
Enhancing both strength and permeability of pervious concrete by optimizing pore structure: An experimental study
Authors: Yu Fan , Guo Jianxiang , Li Zheng , Huang Yubin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe large porosity enables pervious concrete to obtain water permeability, but seriously decreases its strength. Hence, how to coordinate the contradiction between strength and permeability is a critical challenge for pervious concrete. This research was mainly aimed at mix design of pervious concrete for enhancing both strength and permeability by optimizing the pore structure. Six groups of pervious concrete with 15% target porosity were prepared by 10–15 mm coarse aggregate and different fine aggregate (natural sand, basalt aggregate, and steel slag). Moreover, a group of pervious concrete with 20% target porosity as control samples was prepared by 4.75–9.5 mm aggregate. The compressive strength and permeability coefficient of these samples were tested. Based on CT scanning and image analysis, the influence of pore structure optimization on permeability and compressive strength was analyzed. The results show that though the porosity is reduced by 5% after pore structure optimization, the porosity of large pores and medium pores changes little, the porosity of small pores decreased significantly, and finally the average pore size is still increased. This can explain why the experimental groups gain a similar/better permeability as the control group. The experimental groups of cement or steel slag have an increased compressive strength compared to the control group, which is due to the decrease of porosity and “small pores” content, as well as more abundant hydration products.
Can spatial and temporal differences in fish assemblage structure inform conservation of an endangered sucker in a large western reservoir?
Authors: Pennock Casey A. , Albrecht Brandon , Rogers Ronald J. , McKinstry Mark C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
Conversion of lotic to lentic habitat after river impoundment can lead to habitat loss and threats from introduced species to native aquatic organisms. Some native species can persist in reservoirs despite these alterations. Some of the largest reservoirs in North America were constructed in the Colorado River basin and are used by endangered Razorback Sucker Xyrauchen texanus. This species successfully spawns in several reservoirs and recruits to adulthood in Lake Mead, whereas recruitment in other reservoirs and altered river habitats is limited or nonexistent. Hypothesized mechanisms for the general lack of recruitment include flow and habitat alteration as well as competition and predation from nonnative fishes.

Methods
We analyzed 16 years of netting data from Lake Mead to assess spatial and temporal patterns in fish assemblage structure and the size structure of Razorback Sucker across four sites.

Result
There was a substantial shift in assemblage structure across all sites after the establishment of Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum in 2010–2011 and an apparent decline in Threadfin Shad D. petenense. Captures of juvenile Razorback Sucker (&lt;450 mm total length in Lake Mead) were higher at sites where overall fish abundance was also higher, suggesting that all fishes might be responding to similar spatial and temporal environmental variation. We identified differences in Razorback Sucker size structure that varied over time and among sites, largely driven by the presence of juvenile Razorback Sucker at some sites in some years.

Conclusion
Razorback Sucker was among the top-10 most abundant species at all sites sampled, but assemblages were dominated by abundant nonnative fishes. Razorback Sucker continue to recruit in Lake Mead in the face of abundant and diverse nonnative fishes, but the adult population size remains relatively small (&lt;1000). Further investigation of limiting factors will be necessary to understand which actions might be successful at improving recruitment conditions.
Improving the thermal stability of polysulfidic crosslinks by hexamethylene‐1, 6‐bis(thiosulfate) disodium salt as the curing agent of natural rubber
Authors: He Mingbin , Pan Qiwei , Chen Zhaohui , Zou Lijing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhen vulcanized with sulfur, the natural rubber (NR) usually accompanies reversion, and the proportion of polysulfidic crosslinks decreases considerably, leading to significantly performance decay. In the rubber industry, hexamethylene‐1, 6‐bis(thiosulfate) disodium salt (HTS) is used as a multifunctional agent to improve not only the reversion and fatigue properties of NR, but also the adhesive properties between NR and steel cords. However, there is few research about the working mechanism of HTS. In this work, HTS is added to belt compounds in doses of 0 to 5 phr. The cure characteristics, crosslinking structures, physical‐mechanical properties, dynamic viscoelastic behavior, and T‐pull adhesion forces of the NR composites are investigated. The results show that the total crosslinking density and T‐pull adhesion forces of the composites both pass through a maximum and then decrease with the increasing dosage of HTS. Meanwhile, the formation of hybrid crosslinks during the prolonged cure time enhances the thermal stability and retention of the polysulfidic crosslinks of the NR composites. Surprisingly, the reduction in the proportion of polysulfidic crosslinks from optimum cure time (Tc90) to 60 min just reaches 15.9% with the addition of 5 phr HTS, whereas that value is 30.9% without adding HTS, which shows the excellent antireversion ability of the HTS in the belt compound. Our work reveals some new features of HTS, which can lead to a more profound understanding of HTS.
Assessment of yeast physiology during industrial‐scale brewing practices using the redox‐sensitive dye resazurin
Authors: Dilmetz Brooke A. , Desire Christopher T. , Donnellan Leigh , Meneses Jon , Klingler‐Hoffmann Manuela , Young Clifford , Hoffmann Peter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBeer refermentation in bottles is an industrial process utilized by breweries where yeast and fermentable extract are added to green beer. The beer is refermented for a minimum of 2 weeks before distribution, with the physiological state of the yeast a critical factor for successful refermentation. Ideally, fresh yeast that is propagated from a dedicated propagation plant should be used for refermentation in bottles. Here, we explored the applicability of the fluorescent and redox‐sensitive dye, resazurin, to assess cellular metabolism in yeast and its ability to differentiate between growth stages. We applied this assay, with other markers of yeast physiology, to evaluate yeast quality during a full‐scale industrial propagation. Resazurin allowed the discrimination between the different growth phases in yeast and afforded a more in‐depth understanding of yeast metabolism during propagation. This assay can be used to optimize the yeast propagation process and cropping time to improve beer quality.
Autonomous Guidance Control for Ascent Flight
Authors: Song Zhengyu , Wang Cong , He Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the guidance control is to release a payload into a prescribed target orbit (PTO) accurately. The parameters that determine an orbit are called orbital elements (OEs), which include the semi-major axis a, the eccentricity e, the argument of perigee $$\omega $$
ω
, the inclination angle i, and the longitude of ascending node (LAN) or the right ascension of ascending node (RAAN) $$\Omega $$
Ω
, where a and e can be converted to the perigee height $$h_p$$

h
p

and the apogee height $$h_a$$

h
a

. Thus, the guidance mission of a launcher is a typical optimal control problem with multi-terminal constraints, which requires complex iterative calculations. Considering various constraints in practical applications, such as the accuracy of inertial navigation systems and the performances of embedded computing devices (speed and storage capacity), guidance methods need to balance the mission requirements, hardware resources, and algorithm complexity. A variety of guidance methods has been developed with distinct era characteristics.
Ascent Predictive Guidance for Thrust Drop Fault of Launch Vehicles Using Improved GS-MPSP
Authors: Yan Xiaodong , Zhou Cong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncreasing complex space missions require launch vehicles to be with greater load-carrying capacity, better orbit injection accuracy and higher reliability. Such demands also cause the increased complexity of the vehicle, leading to a higher probability of fault, especially for the propulsion system. To remedy this issue, an advanced and robust ascent guidance capable of fault-tolerant is critical for the success of mission. Iterative guidance method [1] (IGM) and powered explicit guidance [2] (PEG) are two commonly used methods for the ascent phase of launch vehicles. These two guidance methods work well in the nominal condition and can adapt to many off-nominal conditions [3]. However, they lack of strong adaptive capacity, which cannot guarantee the reliability when the dynamic model or parameters change significantly. Alternatively, numerical approaches based on the optimal control theory may be the better choice. The existing algorithms can be divided into direct methods and indirect methods. Using the indirect methods, the guidance problem is transformed into Hamilton two-point boundary value problems [4] (TPBVP), but the solving process of this Hamilton two-point boundary value problem is complicated and highly sensitive to the initial guess. Using the direct method, the guidance problem is transformed into a nonlinear programming problem [5] (NLP). However, solving such problem is extremely computational intensive, which is difficult to meet the real-time requirement for online application.
The chaotic emergence of thermalization in highly excited string decays
Authors: Firrotta Maurizio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We analyse the most general process of a generic highly excited string that decays into a less excited, yet generic, highly excited string emitting a tachyon. We provide a simple and compact analytic description of the decay process which discriminates between and within the structure of every single microstate of the initial and final highly excited string. Taking into account the random nature of the decay process we extract the energy spectrum of highly excited strings, microstate by microstate, finding a behavior which corresponds to the greybody emission spectrum. In addition, by exploiting the analytic control of the decay process, we identify the origin of thermal effects which are triggered by the chaotic nature of the highly excited string interactions modeled by the microstates structure.
Helical inflation correlators: partial Mellin-Barnes and bootstrap equations
Authors: Qin Zhehan , Xianyu Zhong-Zhi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Massive spinning particles acquire helicity-dependent chemical potentials during the inflation from axion-type couplings. Such spinning fields can mediate sizable inflaton correlators which we call the helical inflation correlators. Helical inflaton correlators are approximately scale invariant, dS boost breaking, parity violating, and are promising observables of cosmological collider physics. In this work, we present complete and analytical results for 4-point helical inflation correlators with tree-level exchanges of massive spinning particles, including both the smooth background and the oscillatory signals. We compute the bulk Schwinger-Keldysh integrals in two independent ways, including the partial Mellin-Barnes representation and solving bootstrap equations. We also present new closed-form analytical results for 3-point functions with massive scalar or helical spinning exchanges. The analytical results allow us to concretely and efficiently explore the phenomenological consequences of helicity-dependent chemical potentials. In particular, we show that the chemical potential can exponentially enhance oscillatory signals of both local and nonlocal types, but only affects the background in a rather mild way. Our results extend the de Sitter bootstrap program to include nonperturbative breaking of de Sitter boosts. Our results also explicitly verify the recently proposed cutting rule for cosmological collider signals.
Line operators in Chern-Simons-Matter theories and Bosonization in Three Dimensions II: Perturbative analysis and all-loop resummation
Authors: Gabai Barak , Sever Amit , Zhong De-liang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study mesonic line operators in Chern-Simons theories with bosonic or fermionic matter in the fundamental representation. In this paper, we elaborate on the classification and properties of these operators using all loop resummation of large N perturbation theory. We show that these theories possess two conformal line operators in the fundamental representation. One is a stable renormalization group fixed point, while the other is unstable. They satisfy first-order chiral evolution equations, in which a smooth variation of the path is given by a factorized product of two mesonic line operators. The boundary operators on which the lines can end are classified by their conformal dimension and transverse spin, which we compute explicitly at finite ’t Hooft coupling. We match the operators in the bosonic and fermionic theories. Finally, we extend our findings to the mass deformed theories and discover that the duality still holds true.
Omics are Getting Us Closer to Understanding IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Mucha Krzysztof , Pac Michał , Pączek Leszek 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring the last decade, thanks to omics technologies, new light has been shed on the pathogenesis of many diseases. Genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have helped to provide a better understanding of the origin and heterogeneity of several diseases. However, the risk factors for most autoimmune diseases remain unknown. The successes and pitfalls of omics have also been observed in nephrology, including immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), the most common form of glomerulonephritis and a principal cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Unfortunately, the immense progress in basic research has not yet been followed by the satisfactory development of a targeted treatment. Although, most omics studies describe changes in the immune system, there is still insufficient data to apply their results in the constantly evolving multi-hit pathogenesis model and thus do to provide a complete picture of the disease. Here, we describe recent findings regarding the pathophysiology of IgAN and link omics studies with immune system dysregulation. This review provides insights into specific IgAN markers, which may lead to the identification of potential targets for personalised treatment in the future.