bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluctuations of the local times of the self-repelling random walk with directed edges
Authors: Marêché Laure 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn 2008, Tóth and Vető defined the self-repelling random walk with directed edges as a non-Markovian random walk on
$\unicode{x2124}$
: in this model, the probability that the walk moves from a point of
$\unicode{x2124}$
to a given neighbor depends on the number of previous crossings of the directed edge from the initial point to the target, called the local time of the edge. Tóth and Vető found that this model exhibited very peculiar behavior, as the process formed by the local times of all the edges, evaluated at a stopping time of a certain type and suitably renormalized, converges to a deterministic process, instead of a random one as in similar models. In this work, we study the fluctuations of the local times process around its deterministic limit, about which nothing was previously known. We prove that these fluctuations converge in the Skorokhod
$M_1$
topology, as well as in the uniform topology away from the discontinuities of the limit, but not in the most classical Skorokhod topology. We also prove the convergence of the fluctuations of the aforementioned stopping times.
Identifying what works for whom: Implementation outcomes following iLookOut, a child abuse identification and referral training program
Authors: Barnett Whitney C. , Panlilio Carlomagno C. , Mullins Casey , Levi Benjamin H. , Humphreys Kathryn L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
iLookOut, a web-based child abuse training for early childcare professionals (ECPs), has been shown to improve knowledge and attitudes related to correctly identifying and reporting suspected cases of child abuse. The overarching goal of the present study is to examine “what works for whom” for iLookOut in order to identify strategies for optimizing learner outcomes.

Methods:
This prospective study enrolled 12,705 ECPs who completed iLookOut (November 2014–December 2018). We used structural equation models to test whether learner demographic and professional characteristics were differentially associated with implementation outcomes (i.e., acceptability and appropriateness) and whether these mediated subsequent indicators of training effectiveness (i.e., gains in knowledge).

Results:
Consistent with previous research, individuals with lower baseline knowledge scores showed greater knowledge gains (β = −.57; p < .001). Greater knowledge gains were seen for learners who reported higher acceptability (β = .08; p < .001) or appropriateness (β = .14; p < .001). Implementation outcomes strongly associated with knowledge gains included acceptability for female learners and appropriateness for learners who had not completed high school or had >15 years of experience in childcare settings. Where mediation was found, for the majority of groups, appropriateness emerged as the driving mediator.

Conclusion:
Implementation outcomes emerged as important drivers of knowledge change for most groups. The iLookOut Core Training’s use of a multimedia learning environment, video-based storylines, and game-based techniques were endorsed by learners and correlated with increases in knowledge. Future work should explore why aspects of the iLookOut training are rated as less acceptable or appropriate by some groups and what changes would improve efficacy for low performing learners.
Process evaluation of an academic dissemination and implementation science capacity building program
Authors: Viglione Clare , Rabin Borsika , Fang Olivia , Sheckter Laura , Aarons Gregory A. , Brookman-Frazee Lauren , Stadnick Nicole A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The UC San Diego Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute Dissemination and Implementation Science Center (DISC) launched in 2020 to provide dissemination and implementation science (DIS) training, technical assistance, community engagement, and research advancement. DISC developed a program-wide logic model to inform a process evaluation of member engagement and impact related to DISC services. The DISC Logic Model (DLM) served as the framework for a process evaluation capturing quantitative and qualitative information about scientific activities, outputs, and outcomes. The evaluation involved a multimethod approach with surveys, attendance tracking, feedback forms, documentation of grant outcomes, and promotions metrics (e.g., Twitter engagement). There were 540 DISC Members at the end of year 2 of the DISC. Engagement in the DISC was high with nearly all members endorsing at least one scientific activity. Technical assistance offerings such as DISC Journal Club and consultation were most frequently used. The most common scientific outputs were grant submission (65, 39%), formal mentoring for career award (40, 24%), and paper submission (34, 21%). The DLM facilitated a comprehensive process evaluation of our center. Actionable steps include prioritizing technical assistance, strengthening networking opportunities, identifying streamlined approaches to facilitate DIS grant writing through writing workshops, as well as “office hours” or organized writing leagues.
Strongly mixing systems are almost strongly mixing of all orders
Authors: BERGELSON V. , ZELADA R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe prove that any strongly mixing action of a countable abelian group on a probability space has higher-order mixing properties. This is achieved via the utilization of
$\mathcal R$
-limits, a notion of convergence which is based on the classical Ramsey theorem.
$\mathcal R$
-limits are intrinsically connected with a new combinatorial notion of largeness which is similar to but has stronger properties than the classical notions of uniform density one and IP
$^*$
. While the main goal of this paper is to establish a universal property of strongly mixing actions of countable abelian groups, our results, when applied to
${\mathbb {Z}}$
-actions, offer a new way of dealing with strongly mixing transformations. In particular, we obtain several new characterizations of strong mixing for
${\mathbb {Z}}$
-actions, including a result which can be viewed as the analogue of the weak mixing of all orders property established by Furstenberg in the course of his proof of Szemerédi’s theorem. We also demonstrate the versatility of
$\mathcal R$
-limits by obtaining new characterizations of higher-order weak and mild mixing for actions of countable abelian groups.
Community-based fruit and vegetable prescription programs: a scoping review
Authors: Greatorex Brooks Emma , McInerney Mark 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Identify and categorise different models of community-based fruit and vegetable prescription programs, to determine variation in terms of methodology, target population characteristics, and outcomes measured. Applying the scoping review methodology, ten electronic databases were utilised to identify community-based fruit and vegetable incentive programs. Results were evaluated by two independent reviewers, using Covidence software. All full-text reviews were completed and documented using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Search results were stored and reviewed within the Covidence software. Thirty full-text articles were utilised from the 40 206 identified in the search. Target populations were predominantly female, non-white, and low-income. Considerable heterogeneity was found in both study design and quality. Fruit and vegetable vouchers were utilised in 63 % (n 19) of the studies. Prescriptions were primarily provided by community health centres (47 %; n 14) or NGOs (307 %; n 9) and could be redeemed at farmers’ markets (40 %; n 12) or grocery stores (27 %; n 8). When measured, diet quality significantly improved in 94 % (n 16), health outcomes significantly improved in 83 % (n 10), and food security status improved in 82 % (n 10) of studies. Providing financial incentives to offset the cost of fresh fruits and vegetables can increase consumption, improve health outcomes, and improve food security status. The majority of studies showed significant improvements in at least one outcome, demonstrating the effectiveness of community-based fruit and vegetable prescription programs. However, the diversity of measurement techniques and heterogeneity of design, dosage, and duration impeded meaningful comparisons. Further well-designed studies are warranted to compare the magnitude of effects among different program methodologies.
Dietary palm oil enhances Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis through inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in muscle of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)
Authors: Zhao Zengqi , Li Baolin , Chen Qiang , Xiang Xiaojun , Xu Xiang , Han Shangzhe , Lai Wencong , Li Yueru , Xu Wei , Mai Kangsen , Ai Qinghui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) is considered to be a major regulator to control cholesterol homoeostasis in mammals. However, the role of SREBP2 in teleost remains poorly understand. Here, we explored the molecular characterisation of SREBP2 and identified SREBP2 as a key modulator for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, which were rate-limiting enzymes of cholesterol biosynthesis. Moreover, dietary palm oil in vivo or palmitic acid (PA) treatment in vitro elevated cholesterol content through triggering SREBP2-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis in large yellow croaker. Furthermore, our results also found that PA-induced activation of SREBP2 was dependent on the stimulating of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in croaker myocytes and inhibition of ERS by 4-Phenylbutyric acid alleviated PA-induced SREBP2 activation and cholesterol biosynthesis. In summary, our findings reveal a novel insight for understanding the role of SREBP2 in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in fish and may deepen the link between dietary fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis.
Shared intentionality and divine persons: explorations in empirical psychology and ramified natural theology
Authors: Bray Dennis P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article explores the intersection of two developing fields of study: the psychological field of shared intentionality and the philosophy of religion field of ramified natural theology. In shared intentionality, agents share mental states and cooperate to achieve a common goal. Many psychologists in this field believe that of all the primates, only humans share intentionality – humans alone form a ‘we’. Ramified natural theology is the project of presenting philosophical evidences for core doctrines of the Christian faith. In this article I investigate some applications of shared intentionality for Christian natural theology. In the Anselmian tradition I offer two deductive arguments that deploy shared intentionality to argue that there are multiple divine persons. I then suggest that analogical arguments – often overlooked by philosophers of religion – provide a better fit for psychological findings, such as shared intentionality. After sketching some fundamental features of analogical arguments, I advance two arguments by analogy for the conclusion that God, like humans, shares intentionality. These arguments show that the psychology of shared intentionality, and empirical psychology more generally, is a promising source for theological reflection.
It’s the procedures, stupid: The success and failures of Chile’s Constitutional Convention
Authors: Ginsburg Tom , Álvarez Isabel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChile’s experience with its Constitutional Convention from 2021 to 2022 sheds light on an important issue for comparative reflection: the role of procedures in constitution-making processes. The Constitutional Convention was bound by procedures that were both externally imposed and internally created. Our assessment is that, while some procedures improved representation and deliberation, the most important decision-making procedures were pernicious to the process. We argue that looking at procedures is fundamental when analysing constitutional processes, as the rules that bind rule-making processes can significantly impact not only their functioning, but also their outcomes.
Data‐Driven Placement of PM2.5 Air Quality Sensors in the United States: An Approach to Target Urban Environmental Injustice
Authors: Kelp Makoto M. , Fargiano Timothy C. , Lin Samuel , Liu Tianjia , Turner Jay R. , Kutz J. Nathan , Mickley Loretta J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the United States, citizens and policymakers heavily rely upon Environmental Protection Agency mandated regulatory networks to monitor air pollution; increasingly they also depend on low‐cost sensor networks to supplement spatial gaps in regulatory monitor networks coverage. Although these regulatory and low‐cost networks in tandem provide enhanced spatiotemporal coverage in urban areas, low‐cost sensors are located often in higher income, predominantly White areas. Such disparity in coverage may exacerbate existing inequalities and impact the ability of different communities to respond to the threat of air pollution. Here we present a study using cost‐constrained multiresolution dynamic mode decomposition (mrDMDcc) to identify the optimal and equitable placement of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) sensors in four U.S. cities with histories of racial or income segregation: St. Louis, Houston, Boston, and Buffalo. This novel approach incorporates the variation of PM2.5 on timescales ranging from 1 day to over a decade to capture air pollution variability. We also introduce a cost function into the sensor placement optimization that represents the balance between our objectives of capturing PM2.5 extremes and increasing pollution monitoring in low‐income and nonwhite areas. We find that the mrDMDcc algorithm places a greater number of sensors in historically low‐income and nonwhite neighborhoods with known environmental pollution problems compared to networks using PM2.5 information alone. Our work provides a roadmap for the creation of equitable sensor networks in U.S. cities and offers a guide for democratizing air pollution data through increasing spatial coverage of low‐cost sensors in less privileged communities.
Diapycnal Upwelling Over the Kyushu‐Palau Ridge in the North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Xiao Xin , Zhou Chun , Yang Qingxuan , Jing Zhiyou , Liu Zhiyu , Yuan Dongliang , Xu Zhenhua , Zhao Wei , Tian Jiwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA significant portion (∼2.1 Sv, 1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) of deep water penetrates into the Philippine Sea through the Yap‐Mariana Junction, the sole passage of the Philippine Sea below 4,000 m, and is then upwelled into shallower layers, closing regional overturning circulation. Yet, the structure and variability of this diapycnal upwelling remain poorly understood. Here, we report on a fine‐resolution hydrographic observation conducted at the most significant topographic feature in the Philippine Sea, the Kyushu‐Palau Ridge (KPR). Enhanced mixing up to O(10−2) m2 s−1 near the KPR is manifested, indicating the presence of substantial upwelling herein. Besides, the ridge‐related topography contributes more deep‐water mass transformation than abyssal basins in the Philippine Sea. This study highlights the significant role of rough bathymetry features in generating diapycnal upwelling in the North Pacific.
Remote Insolation Forcing of Orbital‐Scale South Asian Summer Monsoon Variability
Authors: Zhang Xiaojian , Chen Chunzhu , Zhao Wenwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhether the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) is controlled by local or remote insolation at the orbital band remains uncertain. Here, we perform a transient simulation forced by Earth's orbital parameters between 400 and 350 ka BP, a period characterized by significant contrast between local and remote insolation, to identify the SASM's response to insolation forcing. Simulation results suggest that the primary driver of orbital‐scale SASM variability is the Northern Hemisphere high‐latitude June insolation, as opposed to local insolation. High June insolation in the Southern Hemisphere might reduce the SASM intensity. Remote insolation influences the SASM by altering the latitudinal thermal gradient and, consequently, the meridional position of the South Asian high (SAH). The SAH is associated with intense convection and hence drives the meridional shift of the intertropical convergence zone and the SASM rain belt. Thus, orbital‐scale SASM variability is strongly related to remote insolation forcing.
Examining the Summertime Ozone Formation Regime in Southeast Michigan Using MOOSE Ground‐Based HCHO/NO2 Measurements and F0AM Box Model
Authors: Xiong Ying , Chai Jiajue , Mao Huiting , Mariscal Noribeth , Yacovitch Tara , Lerner Brian , Majluf Francesca , Canagaratna Manjula , Olaguer Eduardo P. , Huang Yaoxian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAmbient ozone (O3) concentrations in Southeast Michigan (SEMI) can exceed the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Despite past efforts to measure O3 precursors and elucidate reaction mechanisms, changing emission patterns and atmospheric composition in SEMI warrant new measurements and updated mechanisms to understand the causes of observed O3 exceedances. In this study, we examine the chemical drivers of O3 exceedances in SEMI, based on the Phase I MOOSE (Michigan‐Ontario Ozone Source Experiment) field study performed during May to June 2021. A zero‐dimensional (0‐D) box model is constrained with measurement data of meteorology and trace gas concentrations. Box model sensitivity simulations suggest that the formaldehyde to nitrogen dioxide ratio (HCHO/NO2) for the transition between the volatile organic compounds (VOCs)‐ and nitrogen oxides (NOx)‐limited O3 production regimes is 3.0 ± 0.3 in SEMI. The midday (12:00–16:00) averaged HCHO/NO2 ratio during the MOOSE Phase I study is 1.62 ± 1.03, suggesting that O3 production in SEMI is limited by VOC emissions. This finding implies that imposing stricter regulations on VOC emissions should be prioritized for the SEMI O3 nonattainment area. This study, through its use of ground‐based HCHO/NO2 ratios and box modeling to assess O3‐VOC‐NOx sensitivities, has significant implications for air quality policy and the design of effective O3 pollution control strategies, especially in O3 nonattainment areas.
Elucidating the Impacts of Various Atmospheric Ventilation Conditions on Local and Transboundary Ozone Pollution Patterns: A Case Study of Beijing, China
Authors: Zong Lian , Yang Yuanjian , Xia Haiyun , Yuan Jinlong , Guo Min 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ventilation condition in the atmospheric boundary layer, which varies with the synoptic pattern, is a crucial factor affecting the transport and dispersion of air pollutants. In this study, taking Beijing as an example, local ozone (O3) accumulation and the transboundary O3 pollution (TOP) patterns during the warm season were explored under different boundary layer ventilation conditions by using integrated objective weather classification, non‐negative matrix factorization, and backward trajectory model. Results show that local sources are a major contributor to O3 pollution in the whole of Beijing, accounting for ∼73.36% of the O3 concentration on average. The local accumulation is mainly facilitated by poor ventilation conditions with weak wind speeds (<3 m/s) under favorable photochemical reaction conditions and abundant precursors, resulting in local O3 events. In contrast, the occurrence of synoptic patterns associated with TOP is more frequent, so the TOP contribution cannot be ignored, especially for the northern regions, where it may exceed 50%. Horizontal wind vector variations play a marked role in driving the TOP, affecting not only the location of the source region and transport pathway but also the transport distance and volume. In addition, a strong nocturnal low‐level jet (LLJ) results in horizontal transport and a temporary rise in O3 concentration, while a daytime LLJ stimulates a peak in O3 concentration over the downwind area, lagging by about 1 hr. Our findings provide new perspectives on the effects of boundary layer ventilation on the regulation of O3 pollution, as well as other air pollutants.
Shared and distinct structural brain networks related to childhood maltreatment and social support: connectome-based predictive modeling
Authors: Winter Alexandra , Gruber Marius , Thiel Katharina , Flinkenflügel Kira , Meinert Susanne , Goltermann Janik , Winter Nils R. , Borgers Tiana , Stein Frederike , Jansen Andreas , Brosch Katharina , Wroblewski Adrian , Thomas-Odenthal Florian , Usemann Paula , Straube Benjamin , Alexander Nina , Jamalabadi Hamidreza , Nenadić Igor , Bonnekoh Linda M. , Dohm Katharina , Leehr Elisabeth J. , Opel Nils , Grotegerd Dominik , Hahn Tim , van den Heuvel Martijn P. , Kircher Tilo , Repple Jonathan , Dannlowski Udo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChildhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with changes in structural brain connectivity even in the absence of mental illness. Social support, an important protective factor in the presence of childhood maltreatment, has been positively linked to white matter integrity. However, the shared effects of current social support and CM and their association with structural connectivity remain to be investigated. They might shed new light on the neurobiological basis of the protective mechanism of social support. Using connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), we analyzed structural connectomes of N = 904 healthy adults derived from diffusion-weighted imaging. CPM predicts phenotypes from structural connectivity through a cross-validation scheme. Distinct and shared networks of white matter tracts predicting childhood trauma questionnaire scores and the social support questionnaire were identified. Additional analyses were applied to assess the stability of the results. CM and social support were predicted significantly from structural connectome data (all rs ≥ 0.119, all ps ≤ 0.016). Edges predicting CM and social support were inversely correlated, i.e., positively correlated with CM and negatively with social support, and vice versa, with a focus on frontal and temporal regions including the insula and superior temporal lobe. CPM reveals the predictive value of the structural connectome for CM and current social support. Both constructs are inversely associated with connectivity strength in several brain tracts. While this underlines the interconnectedness of these experiences, it suggests social support acts as a protective factor following adverse childhood experiences, compensating for brain network alterations. Future longitudinal studies should focus on putative moderating mechanisms buffering these adverse experiences.