bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lalombi Tropical Peat Soil Improvement Using Iron Oxide admixture and Cement
Authors: Nurdin Sukiman , Arifin B. , Fadillah I , Syahriar M R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Peat soil has a relatively high water content of up to 400%. With a high moisture content, peat soil can hinder construction work. For this reason, in construction planning, an investigation must be carried out on the characteristics and strength of the soil, especially the properties of the soil that affect the bearing capacity of the soil to withstand the load of the construction on it. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and changes in the bearing capacity of peat soil after mixing with cement and iron oxide admixture. The variation of mixing iron oxide is 0%, 4%, 8%, and 16%, while for variation of cement mixture is 5%. This research was conducted on the soil, including testing physical and mechanical properties. Engineering properties tests include direct shear and consolidation tests. This research conducted the elemental chemical content in peat soil and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) test. Based on the classification of peat soil at this location with an ash content-value of 29.41%, it can be classified as High Ash Peat (peat with ash content > 25%). In the direct shear test, the cohesion value and the shear angle continued to increase as the percentage of the iron oxide mixture increased to 16%, where the shear angle changed from 7.60º to 45°. In the consolidation test, the original soil Cc value of 0.00820 decreased with the addition of iron oxide to 16%; the Cc value decreased to 0.00277. The decrease in Cc indicates that the soil becomes easily compacted, and The value of the Coefficient of Consolidation (Cv) on peat soil was 0.00535 cm²/sec. The most significant increase in the original soil with a mixture of 16% iron oxide was 0.01463 cm²/sec. The Chemical results have been given a mixture of 16% iron oxide and 5% cement, the change of C (Carbon), Fe (Ferrum) and Ca (Calcium). The value of O (Oxygen) in peat soil was 48.05% and then decreased to 43.67%, this indicates that the pores in the peat soil are reduced, and when the pores are reduced, the peat soil becomes denser. The value of Si (Silica) also decreased from 30.01% to 21.21%. This occurred because silica reacted with lime. After all, silica is an adhesive that binds lime, making the granules denser. Peat soil’s Fe (Ferrum) value was 3.12%, then increased to 16.72%. This also helped the soil to become stronger because of the higher specific gravity of iron. Peat soil’s Al (aluminium) value was 12.15% after being given a mixture of iron oxide and cement increased to 12.16%.
Investigation of traffic accident-prone roads in Palu City
Authors: Ramlan Ratnasari , Humairah Chikita , Lestari Sari Puji , Sutrisno Mohamad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate accident-prone roads in Palu City. The method used is direct observation on the road which shows the frequent occurrence of traffic accidents based on traffic accident data obtained from the Municipal Police Offices (Polres). Based on the results of the study showed that 19 roads often occur traffic accidents. R.E Martadinata Sub Districts Tondo (25.07%), Trans Sulawesi Sub Districts Taipa (11.21%), and Trans Sulawesi Sub Districts Mamboro (7.08%) are the most accident-prone roads in Palu City. These three roads are included in the national road network as the primary arterial roads of Palu City. The final result of this study shows that accident-prone roads can be caused by poor pavement road conditions, high side frictions, and poor environmental conditions and visibility.
The Relationship of Office Building Maintenance with The Comfortable Environment of The Users in Palu City
Authors: Muktar Tutang , Nirmalawati  , Asnudin A , Nyoman I 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Building maintenance is one of that is needed in keeping the urban environment clean and convenient. The initial review found that some office buildings yet do not bring comfort to the facility users, there are still many managers who ignore building maintenance and consider it not the most important thing. This type of descriptive research by distributing questionnaires to users who work in the agency under study and understand the meaning of building maintenance as many as 60 respondents. Data analysis using multiple linear regression method. The results simultaneously show the variable of architectural maintenance, structural maintenance, environmental maintenance, housekeeping, and mechanical & electrical variables have a significant effect on the comfort of the work environment (Y), with the regression equation Y= 2.029 + 0,255 X1 -1,28 X2+ 0.367X3+ 0.140 X4- 0,029 X5. The results of the study can provide input to further improve the maintenance of office buildings to create a comfortable working environment.
Development of Smart Air Purifier for Reducing Indoor Particulate Matter
Authors: Rachmawati L.M. , Hasmul N. A. , Chandra I. , Salam R. A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Indoor air quality is crucial to observe because most people spend 90% of their time in the room. Indoor air quality is influenced by various parameters, especially PM
2,5, from a mixture of air outside and inside the room itself. If the occupants are exposed to this parameter continuously, it will affect the occupant’s health significantly. Hence, it is necessary to control indoor air quality if this parameter exceeds the specified quality standards. One technology to reduce PM
2,5 is an air purifier. Air purifiers are generally composed of an exhaust fan, HEPA filter, and pre-filter. One of the air purifiers’ evolution is the smart-air-purifier. Smart-air-purifier can automatically adjust the speeds of the fan so as can minimizes electricity costs. The designed smart system can classify PM
2,5 concentration based on fuzzy logic to flow rate settings using pulse width modulation (PWM). In addition, to analyze the performance of the smart air purifier, we test it in a chamber. The test results show the performance of the smart air purifier in reducing PM
2,5, the clean air delivery rate measurement of the smart air purifier, and its power consumption which can minimize 67.42% of electricity use than commercial air purifiers.
Evaluation of Projectile Penetration Position on Perforated Plate on Ballistic Resistance of Composite Sandwich Panels
Authors: Fadly M S , Bakri B , Anwar K , Chandrabakty S , Mustafa  , Naharuddin  , Fauzan  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper evaluates the performance of perforated plates in composite sandwich panel under high-velocity impact. The ballistic resistance of composite sandwich panels made of steel plate on the outer layer and the rubber on the middle layer was evaluated using experimental and numerical methods. The front plate is modified with 3 mm diameter of holes, and the distance between the holes is 10 mm. Experimental testing was carried out by firing a 9 mm full metal jacket projectile at a distance of 5 m and an angle of attack of 90° on the target. Experimental results and numerical simulations show that the position of the projectile penetration at the side of the hole in the composite panel stops the projectile velocity faster at 1.1619 x 10−4 s with a maximum energy absorption of 532.9 J than at center of hole and middle of four holes. The failure of the side of the hole penetration position is the asymmetrical deformation of the back plate due to changes in the penetration position of the projectile with the initial trajectory, fractural projectile core and brass jacket projectile erosion. The projectile penetrates the front plate due to plastic deformation, and rubber in the middle layer is pushed and perforated in the projectile direction, causing the back plate to form a bulge.
Parallel Induction Analysis for Reduction of Interference Due to Lighting Strikes At 70 kV SUTT Parakan-Kadipaten
Authors: Siswanto A , Ningrum K N I K , Baehaqi M , Arifudin  , Soleh M , Abdullah M L , Ikawati V 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
SUTT 70 kV Parakan-Kadipaten is one of the transmission networks located in areas with high lightning activity so that there is the potential for interference. If the voltage (V) caused by lightning > Basic Insulation Level (BIL) insulator, a backflash over will occur. One of the efforts made to minimize interference is by paralleling the tower inductance with NA2XSY cable which has a lower inductance than the tower. This study aims to determine the installation method and the effect of parallel installation of inductance to reduce interference due to lightning strikes. The research was carried out by performing calculations to determine the lightning Vimpuls before and after the parallel inductance and then comparing it with the BIL value of the insulator and network disturbance data. If the lightning Vimpuls > BIL insulator then a backflash over occurs and if the lightning Vimpuls < BIL insulator then there is no backflash over. From the calculation results, it is found that the value of lightning Vimpuls before parallel inductance > BIL insulator and after parallel inductance drops significantly to < BIL insulator. Meanwhile, when compared with the fault data 3 years before and 3 years after parallel, the fault inductance also decreased. In the year before the parallel inductance, namely 2015 there were 4 disturbances, in 2016 4 disturbances, in 2017 1 disturbance, and in 2018 the January-June period there were no disturbances. In the year after the parallel inductance installation, namely in 2018 for the July-December period there were no disturbances, in 2019 there were no disturbances, in 2020 there were 2 disturbances, and in 2021 the period (January-June) had 2 disturbances.
Identification of Herbal Plants Using Morphology Method and K-Nearest Neighbour Algorithm (KNN)
Authors: Wirdayanti  , Dwiwijaya K A , Suriani  , Rochmawati D R , Putri F S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The large number of herbal plants and the lack of public knowledge about the types of herbal medicines make it difficult for people to distinguish the types of herbal medicinal plants. So, to provide information for public, an identification system that could identify and recognize a herbal medicinal plant is needed. Leaves identificiation is based on the Morphological method with K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. Leafs data that will be used in this study is Basil Leaves, Orthosiphon leaves, Painted Nettle leaves, Betel leaves, and Teak leaves which are categorized as flowering plants from the Lamiaceae or Labiatae family for the classification process. Image processing techniques will be used to obtain the pattern of the shape and characteristics of each leaf which is known as the recognition of leaf morphological features. This study using 200 leaves data and separated into 2 types, with 70% basic data and 30% test data. With Morphological Feature Extraction using area and parameters as well the compactness and metric features of the leaves. The accuracy of the classification results using the confusion matrix testing method with K3 values obtained by 80%, K5 and K7 values obtained accuracy of 76.67% and K9 values showing accuracy of 78, 67%.
Determining the Location of Public Green Open Space in Kota Palu Using Analytical Hierarchy Process with Map Overlay (AHP-MOV)
Authors: Bakri Muhammad , Kasim Anita Ahmad , Achsan Andi Chairul , Maddiu Muhammad Assy’ary Gunarif Dg. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Green Open Spaces (GOS) are an important component of the environment and, as a major spatial plan and area, play an important role in the sustainability of urban communities. The green area within the zone is 30% of the total area of the zone, according to Spatial Planning Act No 26/2007. Similarly, in the Spatial Planning Act, his PU number 05/PRT/M/2008 describes guidelines for the provision and use of open spaces in urban areas. Public and private green spaces are included in open spaces. At least 30% of urban green space is public green space, with the remaining 10% being private green space. The purpose of this research is to identify potential locations for public green spaces in Kota Palu. The survey methods used are descriptive and quantitative, with the location of required green space determined using hierarchical process analysis (AHP) and overlay analysis (weighted overlay). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) results show that variables are followed by hazard probability in order of priority, then slope, population density, land use, and accessibility. According to the findings, the number of percentages generated by hierarchical process (AHP) analysis and weighted overlay analysis is 34.61%.
The Numerical Study of The Need for Transverse Reinforcement of a Spun Pile
Authors: Orientilize M , Prakoso W A , Lase Y , Dessy N W , Willie S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A numerical study based on FEA was conducted to seek the optimal need for transverse reinforcement of a spun pile with 400mm-diameter and 75mm of wall thickness. Two equations from ACI 318-19 and ASCE 7-16 were compared. The parametric study was limited to a spun pile with 450mm diameter and 75mm of wall thickness. The amount of transverse reinforcement was presented as the ratio to the ACI requirement. The ratio was varied and its effect on strength and ductility was observed. Three different axial load ratios, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 Fc’Ag, that are usually applied on the foundation were considered. The needs for spun pile with and without concrete infill are different since it is a function of the ratio of gross area (Ag) to the confined area (Ach) of concrete. An empty spun pile require a higher amount than the filled pile. The axial load ratio is another factors that affect the need for that reinforcement. However, ACI does not recognize it. The study found that the amount of transverse reinforcement required by ACI and ASCE can be reduced to get an economical amount without significantly reducing the strength and the ductility of the spun pile.
Structural assessment of the stalled building in Department of Industrial Engineering, Andalas University, Indonesia
Authors: Fauzan  , Aulia M W , Nugraha M D A , Jauhari Z A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The construction of the Industrial Engineering Department building is an effort to support the educational infrastructure at Andalas University. However, the building construction process was stopped because the contractor had terminated the contract (breach of contract) and it took a long time to continue the construction. Before that, a structural evaluation of the building structure should be conducted due to the update of the building standards. In this study, the structural evaluation was carried out by analyzing and modelling the building using ETABS v.18 software, as well as loading analysis on the building regarding current Indonesian building standards such as SNI 1726-2019 for earthquake resistance building design, SNI 2847-2019 for requirements of the structural concrete building and SNI 1727-2020 for building minimum design loads. The results of the analysis show that several structural beams did not have a strong enough capacity to withstand the working loads, where the ultimate moment and shear values due to the influence of acting loads were more than the nominal moments and shear values. Retrofitting of the weak structural beams using the CFRP wrapping method was recommended to improve the structural capacity of the building.
Index active tectonic relative of Karangsambung geopark area, Central Java, Indonesia: assessment for developing geological disaster-based areas
Authors: Hidayat E , Muslim D , Zakaria Z , Permana H , Wibowo D A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Karangsambung as a “subduction fossil” of the Cretaceous-Paleocene on the island of Java, has a complex geological structure. The current subduction process in the south of Java with a north-south compression force has contributed to the reactivation of the geological structure in Karangsambung. The index active tectonic relative (IAT) of the Karangsambung area reflects the current level of tectonic activity. IAT is obtained from quantitative calculations of geomorphic indices, including streams length - gradients index (Sl), the ratio of valley floor width to valley height (Vf), basin asymmetry (Af), basin shape (Bs). mountain front sinuosity (Smf), the hypsometric integral (HI), and drainage density (Dd). The index active tectonic relative (IAT) calculation with an average IAT value of 2.37 indicates that tectonic activity is in the medium/moderate category. In addition, an attempt was made to compare the regional neotectonic activity with the relative tectonic activity of the study area. Based on this geomorphic analysis, the study area may have a lower seismic risk but needs to be evaluated more carefully for regional seismic hazards. The IAT value can be used as an initial reference for geological disaster assessment, especially earthquakes hazard in the development of the Karangsambung National Geopark Area.
Prediction of shelter needs based on simulation results of evacuees choosing evacuation facilities due to a potential tsunami earthquake in Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Purnawan  , Kharisma E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Tsunami disasters are predicted to occur in the West Sumatra region due to earthquakes. To deal with the tsunami hazard that will hit Padang City, the government has built several shelters and evacuation routes. At present, the number of evacuation facilities is still limited, this will cause community vulnerability in facing tsunami hazards. To overcome this vulnerable condition, it is necessary to determine the number of shelters needed to accommodate evacuees. In this study, the determination of the required number of shelters is done by simulating the number of evacuees who choose shelters during evacuation. The model of evacuee generation from 5 tsunami-prone zones in Padang City was created using a linear regression method. The model for selecting the type of evacuation facility in each zone uses a binary logit model. Prediction of shelter needs is carried out for minimum, normal and maximum conditions that may occur. From the simulation results, the number of evacuees who choose the shelter as a means of evacuation is obtained. The number of shelters needed in Padang City is a minimum of 6 units, normal 23 units and maximum 50 units.
The influence of helix diameter configuration on helical pile bearing capacity
Authors: Amalia G , Iqbal M M , Dewi R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Helical pile is an invention of pile foundation that has many advantages. Helical pile produced bearing capacity greater than other pile foundations. It because The Bearing capacity of helical pile is contributed by end bearing capacity (Qb), shaft friction bearing capacity (Qs) and bearing capacity of helix or cylindrical (Qcyc) along pile. On of the Several factors that influence bearing capacity of helical pile was the configuration of helix diameter arrangement. This research was a laboratory experiment using a box, sand as the medium and a miniature of steel pile. The diameter pile test was 1,5 cm and length was 63 cm. Each pile has three helix along the pile with a configuration of diameter from top to bottom was 10 cm – 8 cm – 6 cm and from top to bottom 6 cm – 8 cm – 10 cm. The kind of Loading test was used in this research was Quick Maintain Load (QML). From the research, It was found that the variation wich gave the most significant influence in remained the greatest bearing capacity was the pile with diameter configuration of helix from top to bottom 6 cm – 8 cm – 10 cm or pile D6810.
Clayshale stabilization using active natural lime to increase the shear strength of soil
Authors: Hasan M F R , Utama I Z , Razzak A F A , Salimah A , Agung P A M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Clayshale not used in construction because it is easily weathered when exposed to air and water to reduce the soil shear strength. As a result, this decline can cause geotechnical engineering problems, and clayshale needs stabilization. This study aims to determine the shear strength of clayshale by adding variations of 5%, 8%, and 11% lime. Tests carried out to obtain soil parameters include soil index and engineering properties. Based on laboratory tests, the original clayshale soil has a 33.2% liquid limit, a 6,1% plasticity limit, and a 27,1% plasticity index. Hence, clayshale soils belong to the CL(clay-low plasticity) category based on the USCS. Adding lime variations can increase the specific gravity and the optimum moisture content of the clayshale soils. Still, it can reduce the dry unit weight and the plasticity index value on clayshale soils. The triaxial test on the original clayshale soil sample obtained a cohesion(c) value of 0.20kg/cm2 and friction angle(f) of 6.38°. In contrast, the values of c and f occurred the highest increase from the original clayshale soil with the addition of 8% lime, so lime can be used as an alternative in soil stabilization because it can increase the shear strength of the soil.
Liquefaction potential analysis for Palu City based on CPT method
Authors: Tohari A , Soebowo E , Wibawa S , Hermawan K , Saputra O F 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
During the 28 September 2018 Palu-Donggala earthquake, liquefaction was also a prominent hazard causing significant damage to buildings and infrastructures in Palu City. To mitigate such a hazard in Palu City, knowledge of the depth of the liquified soil layer is necessary. This paper presents the results of CPT-based liquefaction potential analysis in some locations around the city where sand boiling and ground settlement occurred. The analysis shows that liquefaction occurs at various depths less than 15 m and may induce ground settlement up a few centimeters. In the Palu-Koro Fault zone, the liquified sand layer is likely thicker than in other locations. Consequently, the total ground settlement is higher than in other locations The results of this study suggest that the liquefaction potential should be accounted for in the development of Palu City to reduce future earthquake risk.
Application of X-Band rainfall radar data-based on soil water index for sediment Disaster monitoring in Boyong River (BO-D6)
Authors: Syarifudin A 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDisasters those related to rainfall, will always come unexpectedly which can make huge potential of risk to human and facilities. Rainfall contribute a benefit and disaster to us, so we have to provide some research about the relationsip of rainfall and disaster. This research produce the information related to application of x-band radar data which have combination from soil water index. It shows the calculation of water content in soil layer by using x-band radar data. The rainfall dataset is extracted from June 2019 until June 2020. SWI can be used as preliminary information and works as a database for monitoring and observation tools for Boyong drainage area. The record of occurence sediment movement on 20thOctober 2019 proves in that day, the condition of soil water index reach maximum values with 80,28 mm and there is a small occurence of sediment movement around that month. The subsequent conctancy of SWI needs to be paid attention for possibility of disaster. As rainfall intensity reach the highest values, soil water index will also increase. A higher value of SWI show a higher risk of sediment disaster initiation.