bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biostimulating fillers and induction of inflammatory pathways: A preclinical investigation of macrophage response to calcium hydroxylapatite and poly‐L lactic acid
Authors: Nowag Bartosch , Schäfer Daniela , Hengl Thomas , Corduff Niamh , Goldie Kate 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionInitial macrophage response to biostimulatory substances is key in determining the subsequent behavior of fibroblasts and the organization of newly synthesized collagen. Though histological studies suggest that calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) filler initiates a regenerative healing response with collagen and elastin deposition similar to natural, healthy tissue rather than an inflammatory response with fibrosis, the relative activity of macrophages stimulated by CaHA, as well as how this activity compares to that induced by other biostimulatory fillers, has not been explored. The aim of the study is to characterize the in vitro macrophage response to two biostimulory fillers, CaHA and PLLA (poly‐L lactic acid), and to evaluate their inflammatory potential.MethodsPrimary human macrophages were incubated with two dilutions (1:50 and 1:100) of commercially available CaHA or PLLA. After 24 h incubation, an inflammation array was used to screen for the expression of 40 cytokines, released by macrophages. ELISA was used to confirm array results.ResultsFour cytokines were significantly upregulated in M1 macrophages incubated with PLLA compared to both unstimulated controls and CaHA: CCL1 (p < 0.001), TNFRII (p < 0.01), MIP‐1α (p < 0.05), and IL‐8 (p < 0.001). In M2 macrophages, MIP‐1α (p < 0.01) and MIP‐1β (p < 0.01) were significantly upregulated by PLLA compared to CaHA and unstimulated controls.ConclusionTogether, these findings indicate that the CaHA mode of action is a non‐inflammatory response while PLLA initiates expression of several cytokines known to play a role in inflammation. Our study supports the concept that these two “biostimulatory” fillers follow distinct pathways and should be considered individually with regard to mechanism of action.
What is the value of data? A review of empirical methods
Authors: Coyle Diane , Manley Annabel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the growing use of digital technologies, data have become core to many organizations’ decisions, with its value widely acknowledged across public and private sectors. Yet few comprehensive empirical approaches to establishing the value of data exist, and there is no consensus about which methods should be applied to specific data types or purposes. This paper examines a range of data valuation methodologies proposed in the existing literature. We propose a typology linking methods to different data types and purposes.
Bruxism and dental implants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Häggman‐Henrikson Birgitta , Ali David , Aljamal Mustafa , Chrcanovic Bruno Ramos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOverload from bruxism may affect survival of dental implants.ObjectivesTo evaluate implant failure and marginal bone loss (MBL) in patients presenting with probable bruxism compared to non‐bruxers. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021238397).MethodsAn electronic search September 2022 in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Science Direct was combined with a hand search. Two independent reviewers carried out abstract screening, full‐text assessment, quality assessment (National Institutes of Health tool) and data extraction. Only studies that provided information on self‐report and clinical examination needed for the diagnosis of at least ‘probable’ bruxism were included. A pairwise random‐effect meta‐analysis was carried out.ResultsIn total 1338 studies were identified, and after screening and full‐text assessment 27 studies that presented data on 2105 implants in probable bruxers and 10 264 implants in non‐bruxers were included, with 138 and 352 implant failures in respective groups. the meta‐analysis showed that implants placed in probable bruxers had a higher risk of failure than in non‐bruxers (OR 2.189; 95% CI 1.337, 3.583, p = .002). A meta‐regression showed that follow‐up time did not affect this OR. Eighteen studies provided general data on MBL but did not report results separated between bruxers and non‐bruxers. Therefore, an analysis of MBL was not possible.ConclusionThe results of the present systematic review show that implants placed in probable bruxers present a significantly higher risk of failure than implants placed in non‐bruxers. This should be considered in treatment planning and management of implant patients.
A randomized controlled crossover trial of acute intermittent and continuous hypoxia exposure in mild–moderate obstructive sleep apnea: A feasibility study
Authors: Zha Shiqian , Liu Xu , Chen Hao , Hao Yueying , Zhang Jingyi , Zhang Qingfeng , Hu Ke 
Published: August 2023

SummaryIn a prospective, randomized, controlled crossover study, we explored the effects of acute intermittent hypoxia and acute continuous hypoxia on patients with mild–moderate obstructive sleep apnea. Over three single‐night sessions, subjects were alternately exposed to normoxia, acute continuous hypoxia and acute intermittent hypoxia before sleep. The apnea–hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index were used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea and evaluate efficacy. A responder was defined as a participant with a ≥ 50% reduction in apnea–hypopnea index between normoxia and hypoxia exposure. Sixteen participants with mild–moderate obstructive sleep apnea completed the study. Compared with normoxia, the mean apnea–hypopnea index decreased by 8.9 events per hr (95% confidence interval, 4.2–13.6, p = 0.001) with acute intermittent hypoxia and by 4.1 events per hr (95% confidence interval, 0.5–8.8, p = 0.082) with acute continuous hypoxia, equating to a mean decrease in apnea–hypopnea index of 4.8 events per hr (95% confidence interval, 0.1–9.5, p = 0.046) with acute intermittent hypoxia compared with acute continuous hypoxia. Compared with normoxia, the mean oxygen desaturation index decreased by 9.8 events per hr (95% confidence interval, 4.4–15.1, p = 0.001) with acute intermittent hypoxia but did not significantly decrease with acute continuous hypoxia; the mean oxygen desaturation index decreased by 7.2 events per hr (95% confidence interval, 1.8–12.6, p = 0.010) with acute intermittent hypoxia compared with acute continuous hypoxia. Of the 16 participants, 11 responded to acute intermittent hypoxia and four responded to acute continuous hypoxia (p = 0.032), of whom eight of 11 cases and all four cases had oxygen desaturation indexes <5 events per hr, respectively (p = 0.273). All participants tolerated acute intermittent hypoxia and there were no obvious adverse events during acute intermittent hypoxia exposure. In conclusion, acute intermittent hypoxia exposure improved apnea–hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index in patients with mild–moderate obstructive sleep apnea, suggesting that further prospective validation of intermittent hypoxia exposure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea is needed to establish its clinical feasibility as a therapeutic modality.
Precision medicine using whole genome sequencing in a cat identifies a novel COL5A1 variant for classical Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome
Authors: McElroy Abigail , Gray‐Edwards Heather , Coghill Lyndon M. , Lyons Leslie A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEhlers‐Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a heterogeneous group of heritable connective tissue disorders occurring in both human and veterinary patients. The genetics of these disorders are poorly described in small animal patients.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDefine the clinical manifestations and genetic cause of a suspected form of EDS in a cat.AnimalsA 14‐week‐old male domestic medium hair cat was presented with skin hyperextensibility and fragility. The classic tragic facial expression was observed as well as chronic pruritus and mild hyperesthesia.MethodsBlood samples and a skin biopsy sample were collected from the affected cat. Clinical examinations, histology, electron microscopy and whole genome sequencing were conducted to characterize the clinical presentation and identify possible pathogenic DNA variants to support a diagnosis. Criteria defining variant pathogenicity were examined including human disease variant databases.ResultsHistology showed sparse, disorganized collagen and an increase in cutaneous mast cells. Electron microscopy identified ultrastructural defects commonly seen in collagen type V alpha 1 chain (COL5A1) variants including flower‐like collagen fibrils in cross‐section. Whole genome sequencing and comparison with 413 cats in the 99 Lives Cat Genome Sequencing Consortium database identified a novel splice acceptor site variant at exon 4 in COL5A1 (c.501‐2A>C).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOur report broadens the current understanding of EDS in veterinary patients and supports the use of precision medicine techniques in clinical veterinary practice. The classification of variants for pathogenicity should be considered in companion animals.
Expanding the donor pool: Kidney transplantation from serum HBV DNA or HBeAg‐positive donors to HBsAg‐negative recipients
Authors: Yin Saifu , Wu Lijuan , Zhang Fan , Huang Xinyi , Wu Jiapei , Wang Xianding , Lin Tao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsHBsAg‐positive (HBsAg[+]) donors are rarely accepted for kidney transplantation (KT), especially when the donor is also HBV DNA‐positive (HBV DNA[+]) or HBeAg‐positive (HBeAg[+]) serologically. This study aimed to report kidney transplant outcomes from HBsAg(+) donors to HBsAg(−) recipients.MethodsConsecutive cases were retrospectively identified from 1 July 2017 to 31 December 2020. KTs from HBsAg(−)/HBcAb‐positive (HBcAb[+]) donors to HBcAb(−) recipients were selected as the control group. The primary outcomes were de novo HBV infection (DNH), graft and patient survival.ResultsWe identified 105 HBsAg(−) recipients who received HBsAg(+) kidneys and 516 HBcAb(−) recipients who received HBcAb(+) kidneys. A higher DNH rate was observed after receiving HBsAg(+) kidneys than after receiving HBcAb(+) kidneys after a median follow‐up of 23.0 months (4/105[3.8%] vs. 2/516[0.4%], p = .009). All four infected recipients receiving HBsAg(+) kidneys had HBsAg clearance after treatment. Graft and patient survival were comparable between the groups (p = .630, p = .910). The DNH rates were 0/22(0%), 3/70(4.3%) and 1/13(7.7%) after receiving HBsAg(+), HBV DNA(+) and HBeAg(+) kidneys, respectively (p = .455). The DNH rate was lower if the donor had received antiviral treatment (4/42[9.5%] vs. 0/63[0%], p = .023). HBsAb(−) recipients had a higher DNH incidence than HBsAb(+) recipients (3/25[12.0%] vs. 1/80[1.3%], p = .041).ConclusionsThe use of HBsAg(+) donors contributed to comparable graft and patient survival, but HBV DNA(+) or HBeAg(+) donors and HBsAb(−) recipients maybe associated with a higher risk of HBV infection. These findings help expand the donor pool and emphasize the role of donor antiviral treatment and recipient HBV immunity in establishing optimal prophylactic regimens.
Practical reasons to believe, epistemic reasons to act, and the baffled action theorist
Authors: Arpaly Nomy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractI argue that unless belief is voluntary in a very strict sense – that is, unless credence is simply under our direct control – there can be no practical reasons to believe. I defend this view against recent work by Susanna Rinard. I then argue that for very similar reasons, barring the truth of strict doxastic voluntarism, there cannot be epistemic reasons to act, only purely practical reasons possessed by those whose goal is attaining knowledge or justified belief.
Financial inclusion and healthcare in Africa: Examining the moderating role of education
Authors: Wirajing Muhamadu Awal Kindzeka , Haruna Ali , Nchofoung Tii N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe 2023 Sustainable Development Goal Report reveals that Africa is still struggling in its pursuit to achieve universal healthcare coverage. However, financial risk protection and human capital development could come to the rescue by facilitating the attainment of quality healthcare services. This study examines the effect of financial inclusion on healthcare in Africa, spanning from 2000 to 2021. Healthcare is proxied by life expectancy at birth, the immunisation rate, and the lifetime risk of maternal death. Financial inclusion is approached through access and usage of financial services. After controlling for the problem of potential endogeneity through the system generalised method of moment (GMM), the findings reveal that financial inclusion enhances healthcare in Africa, signifying that financially included individuals have a higher conditional probability of spending more on improving their health relative to the financially excluded individuals. Moreover, the findings indicate that education and technology diffusion are imperative in the quest for enhancing healthcare in Africa. In addition, after testing for sensitivity analysis by adopting different indicators of healthcare, the results remain consistent throughout the study, confirming the role of financial inclusion in enhancing healthcare in Africa. After computing the marginal effects, the findings depict that education and financial inclusion interact to produce positive synergy effects, signifying that the positive role of financial inclusion and education in enhancing healthcare outweighs the negative conditional effect. The results recommend policymakers establish a framework that promotes financial literacy for the enhancement of healthcare in Africa.
Divert when it does not hurt: The initiation of economic sanctions by US presidents from 1989 to 2015
Authors: Attia Hana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA dominant argument in the literature is that leaders tend to initiate military disputes in periods plagued by economic distress. This article revisits the diversionary theory and adapts it to the use of economic sanctions in the United States, contending that their use follows a similar diversionary logic. Using a novel dataset on US sanctions from 1989 to 2015, I find that presidents are more likely to use sanctions when unemployment is high and the president's party power in Congress is weak. I show that when doing so presidents opt for sanctions that inflict little harm on the US economy.
Hölder stability and uniqueness for the mean field games system via Carleman estimates
Authors: Klibanov Michael V. , Li Jingzhi , Liu Hongyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe are concerned with the mathematical study of the mean field games system (MFGS). In the conventional setup, the MFGS is a system of two coupled nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation (PDE)s of the second order in a backward–forward manner, namely, one terminal and one initial condition are prescribed, respectively, for the value function and the population density . In this paper, we show that uniqueness of solutions to the MFGS can be guaranteed if, among all four possible terminal and initial conditions, either only two terminals or only two initial conditions are given. In both cases, Hölder stability estimates are proven. This means that the accuracies of the solutions are estimated in terms of the given data. Moreover, these estimates readily imply uniqueness of corresponding problems for the MFGS. The main mathematical apparatus to establish those results is two new Carleman estimates, which may find application in other contexts associated with coupled parabolic PDEs.
Frisch elasticities in a model of indivisible labor supply with endogenous workweek length
Authors: Yum Minchul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I provide an extension of the classical indivisible labor supply model where a large macro Frisch elasticity is reconciled with a small micro counterpart. Households take as given state‐dependent hours per worker – shaped by a nonlinear mapping from hours worked to labor services and employment frictions – and make intertemporal labor supply decisions. In the standard indivisible labor supply model, aggregate fluctuations are independent of the individual preference parameter that governs the intensive‐margin elasticity. In my model, however, they are connected through the extensive margin whose elasticity is empirically reasonable and is shaped by the individual preference parameter.
Perceived discrimination and suicidal ideation among impoverished and nonimpoverished college students: Different mechanisms via social support, depressive symptoms, and nonsuicidal self‐injury
Authors: Liu Luming , Han Yuchen , Lian Yangyu , Wu Xinchun , Qiao Zhihong , Wang Wenchao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionBeing discriminated against is a potential interpersonal factor leading to suicidal ideation. Compared to nonimpoverished students, impoverished students have disadvantages in different aspects, leading to high risks of negative psychological states. However, few studies have contrasted the mechanism of discrimination in suicidal ideation between impoverished and nonimpoverished college students. The present study aimed to contrast the mediating effects of social support, depressive symptoms, and nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) between perceived discrimination and suicidal ideation among impoverished and nonimpoverished college students.MethodThe convenience cluster sampling method was used. A total of 1897 Chinese college students (1084 female; Mage = 19.93, SD = 1.44) participated in the two‐wave survey with a six‐month interval.ResultsPerceived discrimination significantly predicted suicidal ideation. Social support, depressive symptoms, and NSSI acted as mediators. However, the structural weights were significantly different between impoverished and nonimpoverished students. Specifically, the role of social support was more significant among impoverished students, while the role of depressive symptoms was more significant among nonimpoverished students.ConclusionsDiscrimination is a risk factor leading to suicidal ideation for college students. To intervene in suicidal ideation caused by discrimination, school and social workers should pay extra attention to reduce stress and increase social support for impoverished students.
Effect of brain endurance training on maximal oxygen uptake, time‐to‐exhaustion, and inhibitory control in runners
Authors: de Lima‐Junior Dalton , Silva Douglas Cavalcante , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo , de Sousa Fortes Leonardo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe aimed to analyze the effect of brain endurance training on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2máx), time‐to‐exhaustion, and inhibitory control in amateur trained runners. We employed a mixed experimental design, with the group as the between‐participant factor and time as the within‐participant factor. 45 participants attended 36 training sessions over 12 weeks. The cognitive training group (CT) performed the Stroop word‐color task [trials of each type (congruent, incongruent, and neutral) were randomly presented during each training session], the endurance training group (ET) participated in a running training program (intensity was 60%Δ of maximal aerobic velocity and performed on a motor‐driven treadmill), and the brain endurance training group (BET) make cognitive and endurance training simultaneously over 12 weeks. The total time of each session (i.e., 20–40 min) was identical in the experimental groups. VO2máx, time‐to‐exhaustion, and inhibitory control tests were measured before (baseline) and after (post‐experiment) the 12‐week intervention. A significant effect of interaction (group × time) for VO2máx (p < 0.05) was found. A post‐hoc test showed an increase in VO2máx from baseline to post‐experiment only for ET (Δ% = 2.98) and BET (Δ% = 3.78) groups (p < 0.05). Also, the analyses showed a significant interaction (group × time) for time‐to‐exhaustion (p < 0.05), and a post‐hoc test revealed an improvement in time‐to‐exhaustion for ET (Δ% = 8.81) and BET (Δ% = 11.01) (p < 0.05). No group × time interaction was found for accuracy and response time in the inhibitory control task (p > 0.05). The results conclude that BET was not superior to ET for improving VO2máx and time‐to‐exhaustion. Also, the findings conclude that BET improved inhibitory control similar to CT.
Is knowledge of racial identity development necessary? White transracial adoptive parents' intentions to promote Black adoptees’ racial‐ethnic identity
Authors: Pettis Shardé , Sonnentag Tammy L. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTAdoptions of Black children by White parents in the United States are rapidly increasing and are a frequent transracial adoptee‐parent combination. With the prevalence of these adoptions, questions arise about White parents’ capability to promote the healthy racial‐ethnic identity of their adopted Black child(ren). This study examined if White parents’ knowledge of racial‐ethnic identity development impacts their intentions to promote their adopted Black children's racial‐ethnic identity in the context of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). White parents who have adopted, or were in the process of adopting, Black child(ren) (n = 199) completed measures examining their knowledge of racial‐ethnic identity development and their attitudes toward, perceived subjective norms for, perceived behavioral control of, and intentions related to engaging in racial‐ethnic socialization. Parents’ intentions to engage in racial‐ethnic socialization were positively correlated with their attitudes toward, subjective norms for, and perceived behavioral control of racial‐ethnic socialization. Knowledge did not predict parents’ intentions to engage in racial‐ethnic socialization above and beyond the components of the TPB. Finally, parents who perceived greater subjective norms for and greater behavioral control of racial‐ethnic socialization reported greater intentions to promote the racial‐ethnic identity of their adopted child(ren), and these relationships were particularly strong among parents with relatively low knowledge. Consistent with ideas in the TPB, White transracial adoptive parents’ knowledge of racial‐ethnic identity development (alone) may be neither necessary nor sufficient in predicting intentions to engage in racial‐ethnic socialization.
Long‐term rain exclusion in a Mediterranean forest: response of physiological and physico‐chemical traits of Quercus pubescens across seasons
Authors: Laoué Justine , Havaux Michel , Ksas Brigitte , Tuccio Béatrice , Lecareux Caroline , Fernandez Catherine , Ormeño Elena 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYWith climate change, an aggravation in summer drought is expected in the Mediterranean region. To assess the impact of such a future scenario, we compared the response of Quercus pubescens, a drought‐resistant deciduous oak species, to long‐term amplified drought (AD) (partial rain exclusion in natura for 10 years) and natural drought (ND). We studied leaf physiological and physico‐chemical trait responses to ND and AD over the seasonal cycle, with a focus on chemical traits including major groups of central (photosynthetic pigments and plastoquinones) and specialized (tocochromanols, phenolic compounds, and cuticular waxes) metabolites. Seasonality was the main driver of all leaf traits, including cuticular triterpenoids, which were highly concentrated in summer, suggesting their importance to cope with drought and thermal stress periods. Under AD, trees not only reduced CO2 assimilation (−42%) in summer and leaf concentrations of some phenolic compounds and photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids from the xanthophyll cycle) but also enhanced the levels of other photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls, lutein, and neoxanthin) and plastochromanol‐8, an antioxidant located in chloroplasts. Overall, the metabolomic adjustments across seasons and drought conditions reinforce the idea that Q. pubescens is highly resistant to drought although significant losses of antioxidant defenses and photoprotection were identified under AD.