bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A feast: Indigenous production and interregional exchange reflected by the bronze vessels unearthed from Shuangyuan Village Cemetery in southwestern China
Authors: Wang Xiaoting , Yang Yingdong , Wang Tianyou , Luo Wugan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSurprising combinations of bronze vessels with multiple cultural elements have been unearthed in Shu tombs in southwestern China, indicating a significant connection with the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. However, there is currently no comprehensive evidence for the provenance of these foreign style vessels, and little emphasis has been given to the diachronic changes in the interaction between Shu culture and its surroundings. This article investigates the bronze vessels unearthed from the Shuangyuan Village Cemetery in Chengdu during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and aims to deeply reveal the production and exchange of bronze vessels unearthed from Shuangyuan Village Cemetery from the perspective of lead sources through typological analysis and scientific analysis. The study clarified the ages of the local style Shu culture vessels and foreign style vessels, and the latter exhibited a strong influence of the Chu and Yue cultures. Lead isotope analysis shows that the lead source characteristics of foreign style vessels are consistent with those of vessels from Chu‐Yue culture at the same time, and they may be imported from Chu directly. The specific interaction modes of Shu and Chu underwent a clear transformation during the middle Warring States period.
Neurocognitive mechanisms of co‐occurring math difficulties in dyslexia: Differences in executive function and visuospatial processing
Authors: Marks Rebecca A. , Pollack Courtney , Meisler Steven L. , D'Mello Anila M. , Centanni Tracy M. , Romeo Rachel R. , Wade Karolina , Matejko Anna A. , Ansari Daniel , Gabrieli John D. E. , Christodoulou Joanna A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChildren with dyslexia frequently also struggle with math. However, studies of reading disability (RD) rarely assess math skill, and the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying co‐occurring reading and math disability (RD+MD) are not clear. The current study aimed to identify behavioral and neurocognitive factors associated with co‐occurring MD among 86 children with RD. Within this sample, 43% had co‐occurring RD+MD and 22% demonstrated a possible vulnerability in math, while 35% had no math difficulties (RD‐Only). We investigated whether RD‐Only and RD+MD students differed behaviorally in their phonological awareness, reading skills, or executive functions, as well as in the brain mechanisms underlying word reading and visuospatial working memory using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The RD+MD group did not differ from RD‐Only on behavioral or brain measures of phonological awareness related to speech or print. However, the RD+MD group demonstrated significantly worse working memory and processing speed performance than the RD‐Only group. The RD+MD group also exhibited reduced brain activations for visuospatial working memory relative to RD‐Only. Exploratory brain‐behavior correlations along a broad spectrum of math ability revealed that stronger math skills were associated with greater activation in bilateral visual cortex. These converging neuro‐behavioral findings suggest that poor executive functions in general, including differences in visuospatial working memory, are specifically associated with co‐occurring MD in the context of RD.Research Highlights
Children with reading disabilities (RD) frequently have a co‐occurring math disability (MD), but the mechanisms behind this high comorbidity are not well understood.
We examined differences in phonological awareness, reading skills, and executive function between children with RD only versus co‐occurring RD+MD using behavioral and fMRI measures.
Children with RD only versus RD+MD did not differ in their phonological processing, either behaviorally or in the brain.
RD+MD was associated with additional behavioral difficulties in working memory, and reduced visual cortex activation during a visuospatial working memory task.
Right ventricular systolic function and mechanical dyssynchrony in ischemic or non‐ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: A speckle‐tracking study
Authors: Ali Asmaa Ahmed , Habib Shaimaa Ahmed , AbdElaziz Ola Hassan , Mohammad Safaa Abouelfadl 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis study assessed RV dyssynchrony (irrespective to QRS duration) and RV systolic function in non‐ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) versus ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) patients by using different echo‐Doppler modalities.MethodsEighty‐five cases (48 patients with DCM [whether ischemic or non‐ischemic] and 37 age‐matched healthy controls) were studied. Conventional echo‐Doppler study, tissue Doppler (TDI), and speckle tracking (STE) were carried out to measure LV and RV systolic function. Time‐to‐peak negative longitudinal strain at the four RV sites were assessed by TDI derived strain and 2D speckle tracking.ResultsPatients with DCM (whether ischemic or non‐ischemic) had significantly lower fractional area change, RV tricuspid annular systolic velocity (p < .001 for both), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (p = .01), RV‐GLS whether TDI or 2D derived (p < .001). Twenty‐nine patients (60%) showed right intraventricular delay (RV4SD > 60 ms). The RV‐dyssynchrony index was negatively correlated to %FAC (r = −.362, p = .01), RV Sm (r = −.312, p = .04), and 2D‐RV GLS (r = −.305, p = .05). Insignificant higher RV‐dysynchrony index was detected in NIDCM compared to IDCM group; however, the basal septal segment was significantly delayed in dilated group. More impaired RV systolic function was detected in ischemic group. 2D STE and TDI showed a significant correlation in the assessment of the right‐intraventricular delay (p = .001).ConclusionRight‐intraventricular dyssynchrony are detectable in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (whether ischemic or non‐ischemic) with a higher statistically insignificant value in non‐ischemic group by using tissue Doppler imaging and 2D speckle tracking. More impairment of the RV systolic function was noticed in the ischemic group. Impaired RV systolic function was associated with right intraventricular delay.
Overcoming a stubborn patent foramen ovale
Authors: Gallagher John , Dawdy John , Afonso Luis 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) with agitated saline contrast (“bubble study”) is the gold standard for detection of patent foramen ovale (PFO). Standard provocative maneuvers help facilitate right‐to‐left shunting necessary for diagnosing PFO but may be difficult to implement during TEE. Hypovolemia related to preprocedural fasting may challenge detection of PFO in TEE, and additional optimization measures such as fluid replenishment with passive leg raise (PLR) can enhance PFO detection. We present a 57‐year‐old male with history of cryptogenic stroke and stubborn PFO which during TEE bubble study responded only to ample fluid replenishment with PLR following a period of prolonged preprocedural fasting.
Adaptations to water gradient in three Rorippa plant species correspond with plant resistance against insect herbivory under drought and waterlogged conditions
Authors: Kamps Bram B. J. , Poelman Erik H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Plants live in environments where they are constantly, and often simultaneously, exposed to different types of biotic and abiotic stress, such as insect herbivory and water availability. How plants are adapted to abiotic conditions may determine how a surplus or shortage of water affects plant resistance to insect herbivory. Moreover, this effect may vary depending on the feeding mode of the herbivore.
We explored how three closely related Rorippa plant species that vary in adaptations to different water levels, resist herbivory by four different insects (aphids: Myzus persicae, Lipaphis erysimi, and caterpillars: Pieris brassicae, Plutella xylostella) under waterlogging or drought conditions. We hypothesized that plants that are differently adapted to water availability will be disparately affected by water availability in their resistance to insect herbivory.
On the semi‐aquatic plant species Rorippa amphibia, both aphid species reached a larger colony size under drought conditions. This indicates that R. amphibia was compromised in resistance to aphid feeding when under drought conditions, to which it is less well adapted. Water conditions did not affect aphid performance on the flood‐plain species Rorippa palustris. On the terrestrial plant species Rorippa sylvestris, aphids performed worse on waterlogged than drought‐treated plants. Neither caterpillar species was significantly affected by the water availability of their food plant.
Our findings suggest that water availability can have distinct effects on plant–insect interactions. We propose that plant adaptations to water conditions can be a major predictor towards explaining the variation of effects that water availability can have on plant–insect interactions.
Towards an electroencephalographic measure of awareness based on the reactivity of oscillatory macrostates to hearing a subject's own name
Authors: Șerban Cosmin‐Andrei , Barborică Andrei , Roceanu Adina‐Maria , Mîndruță Ioana‐Raluca , Ciurea Jan , Stancu Mihai , Pâslaru Alexandru C. , Zăgrean Ana‐Maria , Zăgrean Leon , Moldovan Mihai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe proposed that the brain's electrical activity is composed of a sequence of alternating states with repeating topographic spectral distributions on scalp electroencephalogram (EEG), referred to as oscillatory macrostates. The macrostate showing the largest decrease in the probability of occurrence, measured as a percentage (reactivity), during sensory stimulation was labelled as the default EEG macrostate (DEM). This study aimed to assess the influence of awareness on DEM reactivity (DER). We included 11 middle cerebral artery ischaemic stroke patients with impaired awareness having a median Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 6/15 and a group of 11 matched healthy controls. EEG recordings were carried out during auditory 1 min stimulation epochs repeating either the subject's own name (SON) or the SON in reverse (rSON). The DEM was identified across three SON epochs alternating with three rSON epochs. Compared with the patients, the DEM of controls contained more posterior theta activity reflecting source dipoles that could be mapped in the posterior cingulate cortex. The DER was measured from the 1 min quiet baseline preceding each stimulation epoch. The difference in mean DER between the SON and rSON epochs was measured by the salient EEG reactivity (SER) theoretically ranging from −100% to 100%. The SER was 12.4 ± 2.7% (Mean ± standard error of the mean) in controls and only 1.3 ± 1.9% in the patient group (P < 0.01). The patient SER decreased with the Glasgow Coma Scale. Our data suggest that awareness increases DER to SON as measured by SER.
Ultrathin lithium disilicate and translucent zirconia crowns for posterior teeth: Survival and failure modes
Authors: Benalcazar Jalkh Ernesto B. , Ramalho Ilana S. , Bergamo Edmara T. P. , Alves Larissa M. M. , Tanaka Ricardo , Witek Lukasz , Coelho Paulo G. , Hirata Ronaldo , Bonfante Estevam A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the reliability and failure modes of ultrathin (0.5 mm) lithium disilicate, translucent and ultra‐translucent zirconia crowns for posterior teeth restorations.Materials and MethodsFifty‐four mandibular first molar crowns of three ceramic materials: (1) Lithium disilicate (e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent), (2) 3Y‐TZP (Zirconn Translucent, Vipi), and (3) 5Y‐PSZ (Cercon XT, Dentsply Sirona), with 0.5 mm of thickness were milled and cemented onto composite resin abutments. Eighteen samples of each group were tested under mouth‐motion step‐stress accelerated life testing in a humid environment using mild, moderate, and aggressive profiles. Data was subjected to Weibull statistics. Use level curves were plotted and reliability was calculated for a given mission of 100,000 cycles at 100, 200, and 300 N. Fractographic analyses of representative samples were performed in scanning electron microscope.ResultsBeta (β) values suggest that failures were dictated by material's strength for lithium disilicate and by fatigue damage accumulation for both zirconias. No significant differences were detected in Weibull modulus and characteristic strength among groups. At a given mission of 100,000 cycles at 100 N, lithium disilicate presented higher reliability (98% CB: 95–99) regarding 3Y‐TZP and 5Y‐PSZ groups (84% CB: 65%–93% and 79% CB: 37&–94%, respectively). At 200 N, lithium disilicate reliability (82% CB: 66%–91%) was higher than 5Y‐PSZ (20% CB: 4%–44%) and not significantly different from 3Y‐TZP (54% CB: 32%–72%). Furthermore, at 300 N no significant differences in reliability were detected among groups, with a notable reduction in the reliability of all materials. Fractographic analyses showed that crack initiated at the interface between the composite core and the ceramic crowns due to tensile stress generated at the intaglio surface.ConclusionsUltrathin lithium disilicate crowns demonstrated higher reliability relative to zirconia crowns at functional loads. Lithium disilicate and zirconia crown's reliability decreased significantly for missions at higher loads and similar failure modes were observed regardless of crown material. The indication of 0.5 mm thickness crowns in high‐load bearing regions must be carefully evaluated.Clinical SignificanceUltraconservative lithium disilicate and zirconia crowns of 0.5 mm thickness may be indicated in anterior restorations and pre‐molars. Their clinical indication in high‐load requirement regions must be carefully evaluated.
Novel RXFP3 negative allosteric modulator RLX‐33 reduces alcohol self‐administration in rats
Authors: Van Voorhies Kalynn J. , Liu Wen , Lovelock Dennis F. , Lin Sophia , Liu Jiaqi , Guan Dongliang , Gay Elaine A. , Jin Chunyang , Besheer Joyce 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is much interest in identifying novel pharmacotherapeutic targets that improve clinical outcomes for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). One promising target for therapeutic intervention is the relaxin family peptide 3 (RXFP3) receptor, a cognate receptor for neuropeptide relaxin‐3, which has previously been implicated in regulating alcohol drinking behavior. Recently, we developed the first small‐molecule RXFP3‐selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) RLX‐33. Therefore, the goal of the present work was to characterize the impact of this novel NAM on affective‐related behaviors and alcohol self‐administration in rats. First, the effects of RLX‐33 were tested on alcohol and sucrose self‐administration in Wistar and alcohol‐preferring P rats to determine the dose–response profile and specificity for alcohol. Then, we assessed the effects of systemic RLX‐33 injection in Wistar rats in a battery of behavioral assays (open‐field test, elevated zero maze, acoustic startle response test, and prepulse inhibition) and tested for alcohol clearance. We found that the lowest effective dose (5 mg/kg) reduced alcohol self‐administration in both male and female Wistar rats, while in alcohol‐preferring P rats, this effect was restricted to males, and there were no effects on sucrose self‐administration or general locomotor activity. The characterization of affective and metabolic effects in Wistar rats generally found few locomotor, affective, or alcohol clearance changes, particularly at the 5 mg/kg dose. Overall, these findings are promising and suggest that RXFP3 NAM has potential as a pharmacological target for treating AUD.image
Evaluation of efficacy of Silybum marianum flower extract on the mitigating hair loss in vitro and in vivo
Authors: You Jiyoung , Woo Jieun , Roh Kyung‐Baeg , Jeon Kyungeun , Jang Youngsu , Choi Song‐ah , Ryu Daehoon , Cho Eunae , Park Deokhoon , Lee Jeongkoo , Jang Min , Jung Eunsun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundNatural components that can exert a wide range of anti‐hair loss activity with fewer side effects are in high demand. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti‐hair loss potential of Silybum marianum flower extract (SMFE) in vitro and in vivo.MethodsThe effect of SMFE on dermal papilla cells was evaluated by measuring cell proliferation and VEGF production in hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). In addition, to confirm the effect of SMFE on dermal papilla senescence, SA‐β‐gal staining and senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) production such as IL‐6 was observed in both replicative and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced senescence models. In a clinical study, hair growth was determined by reconstitution analysis after shaving the hair of the clinical subject's scalp and hair area.ResultsSMFE increased the proliferation and VEGF production of HFDPCs. It also suppressed cellular senescence of HFDPCs and IL‐6 production in replicative senescence and oxidative stress‐induced senescence models. The hair density and total hair count at 16 and 24 weeks after using hair shampoo containing SMFE were significantly increased compared with those of the placebo group.ConclusionSMFE has the potential to be used as a natural ingredient for alleviating hair loss.
Reconsidering sleep perception in insomnia: from misperception to mismeasurement
Authors: Stephan Aurélie M. , Siclari Francesca 
Published: September 2023

SummarySo‐called ‘sleep misperception’ refers to a phenomenon in which individuals have the impression of sleeping little or not at all despite normal objective measures of sleep. It is unknown whether this subjective–objective mismatch truly reflects an abnormal perception of sleep, or whether it results from the inability of standard sleep recording techniques to capture ‘wake‐like’ brain activity patterns that could account for feeling awake during sleep. Here, we systematically reviewed studies reporting sleep macro‐ and microstructural, metabolic, and mental correlates of sleep (mis)perception. Our findings suggest that most individuals tend to accurately estimate their sleep duration measured with polysomnography (PSG). In good sleepers, feeling awake during sleep is the rule at sleep onset, remains frequent in the first non‐rapid eye movement sleep cycle and almost never occurs in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. In contrast, there are patients with insomnia who consistently underestimate their sleep duration, regardless of how long they sleep. Unlike good sleepers, they continue to feel awake after the first sleep cycle and importantly, during REM sleep. Their mental activity during sleep is also more thought‐like. Initial studies based on standard PSG parameters largely failed to show consistent differences in sleep macrostructure between these patients and controls. However, recent studies assessing sleep with more refined techniques have revealed that these patients show metabolic and microstructural electroencephalography changes that likely reflect a shift towards greater cortical activation during sleep and correlate with feeling awake. We discuss the significance of these correlates and conclude with open questions and possible ways to address them.
Deductive automated pollen classification in environmental samples via exploratory deep learning and imaging flow cytometry
Authors: Barnes Claire M. , Power Ann L. , Barber Daniel G. , Tennant Richard K. , Jones Richard T. , Lee G. Rob , Hatton Jackie , Elliott Angela , Zaragoza‐Castells Joana , Haley Stephen M. , Summers Huw D. , Doan Minh , Carpenter Anne E. , Rees Paul , Love John 
Published: September 2023

SummaryPollen and tracheophyte spores are ubiquitous environmental indicators at local and global scales. Palynology is typically performed manually by microscopic analysis; a specialised and time‐consuming task limited in taxonomical precision and sampling frequency, therefore restricting data quality used to inform climate change and pollen forecasting models. We build on the growing work using AI (artificial intelligence) for automated pollen classification to design a flexible network that can deal with the uncertainty of broad‐scale environmental applications.We combined imaging flow cytometry with Guided Deep Learning to identify and accurately categorise pollen in environmental samples; here, pollen grains captured withinc.5500 Cal yr BP old lake sediments.Our network discriminates not only pollen included in training libraries to the species level but, depending on the sample, can classify previously unseen pollen to the likely phylogenetic order, family and even genus.Our approach offers valuable insights into the development of a widely transferable, rapid and accurate exploratory tool for pollen classification in ‘real‐world’ environmental samples with improved accuracy over pure deep learning techniques. This work has the potential to revolutionise many aspects of palynology, allowing a more detailed spatial and temporal understanding of pollen in the environment with improved taxonomical resolution.
Thalassemia and malignancies: Updates from the literature
Authors: Hodroj Mohammad Hassan , Taher Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThalassemia management has undergone significant development with the advancement in iron chelation therapy, which has led to a prolonged life expectancy. This has been accompanied by the emergence of several new morbidities and chronic diseases, including cancer. Over the years, multiple cases of solid and hematologic malignancies in thalassemia patients have been reported in the literature, with no clear mechanism for the development of cancer in these patients despite a number of potential mechanisms. However, the results of many studies have been contradictory regarding the risk of development of malignancies in thalassemia. The present review aims to discuss the available data on cancer and thalassemia in the literature, with the latest updates regarding possible malignancy development mechanisms, risks, and the most commonly reported types.
Understanding prison violence in Aotearoa New Zealand using machine learning
Authors: Brabyn Lars , Day Andrew , Grace Randolph , Tamatea Armon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrison violence is a major safety issue for people in prison and staff. In Aotearoa New Zealand, all prison incidents are recorded on the Department of Corrections (Ara Poutama Aotearoa) COBRA database. An analysis of prison violence at the unit level is applied using machine learning to provide a prediction model of prison violence as well as identify important factors associated with violence. The analysis identifies gang affiliation and security class as important predictors of violence in prison. The study also demonstrates the importance of the social environment and spatial scale when conducting an analysis of prison data.