bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytomorphological study of lymph node lesions at a tertiary care center
Authors: Ganguli Summi , Kumar Tyagi Mayurika Subodh , Bajpai Malay , Singh Swati , Garg Prem Kumar , Pathre Abhishek 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common clinical presentations of patients attending the outpatient department. The degree and pattern of morphological changes depend on inciting stimulus and the intensity of the response. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important procedure in establishing the diagnosis of various lymph node lesions. It is a widely accepted, accurate, sensitive, and specific test used in an outpatient setting.

Methodology:
An observational study was carried out at the department of pathology of a tertiary care hospital in North India from July 2019 to February 2020. A total of 100 lymphadenopathy cases were taken. Smears were stained with Giemsa and categorized according to the cytomorphological pattern. Ziehl - Neelsen (ZN) stain was done in clinically suspicious cases of tuberculosis (TB). Data regarding brief history, site, age, and cytomorphologic features were collected and analyzed.

Results:
Out of 100 cases of lymph node aspirations, 70 cases showed features of tubercular lymphadenitis followed by reactive lymphadenitis, 29 cases while 1 malignancy. TB was prevalent in all age groups.

Conclusion:
Lymph node FNAC is a simple, cost-effective investigation with great importance in view of high prevalence of TB in our country, where an atypical presentation of TB can be screened. Purulent aspirate smears which do not show typical features of TB can be dismissed as acute suppurative lymphadenitis in the absence of ZN staining. Acid-fast bacillus positivity in such cases confirms the diagnosis and helps in better patient management.
To study the effect of yoga asana and pranayama on pulmonary function test in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients
Authors: Prasad Rajkumar , Garg Rinku , Sahay Sanjay 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Pranayama is an integral part of yoga training. Pranayama is a regulated breathing practice that improves airway responsiveness. Yoga asana and pranayama have been shown to reduce resting respiratory rate and enhance vital capacity, maximum voluntary ventilation, breath-holding time, maximal inspiratory pressure, and expiratory pressure.

Aim:
This study aims to study the effect of yoga, asana, and pranayama on pulmonary function disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]) patients.

Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective observational study which was conducted in the Department of Physiology in association with the Department of Respiratory Medicine Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, with a sample size of 55 participants on stable patients diagnosed (COPD) with aged between 40 and 65 years of either sex. Written informed consent and approval from the institutional ethics committee were taken before starting the study. The paired t-test was used to compare the mean and standard deviation of the quantitative variables. When the P < 0.05, the results are statistically significant. To conduct statistical analysis, SPSS 20.0 was used.

Results:
We observed a statistically significant increase in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FVC/FEV1 ratio, and peak expiratory flow rate after 8 and 12 weeks of yoga training compared to the first visit (0 week) baseline before yoga training.

Conclusion:
The results of our study showed that the regular practice of yoga, asana, and pranayama for 45 min a day minimum of 3 days a week for 12 weeks showed improvement in pulmonary function tests of COPD patients. It was also concluded that yoga and asana along with pharmacological treatment for COPD patients showed improved breathing patterns and pulmonary function parameters. It was observed that yoga, asana, and pranayama had improved physical condition by reducing weight and body mass index which enhances pulmonary function.
Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending NIMS Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, in Western India
Authors: Khajuria Atul , Imnasenla W. , Sehrawat Raju , Gupta Ashish , Sundar Shyam B , Verma Mahendra Kumar , Patil Surekha 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Anemia is the most common hematological disease in pregnancy. Anemia is described as having a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in the peripheral blood of 10 g/dl or less, in accordance to the most current WHO standard. Iron deficiency is the most frequent reason of anemia at some point of pregnancy. Folic acid deficiency is a much less frequent cause. In some communities, up to 80% of pregnant women are anemic. Women from low socioeconomic groups and young adults are the most vulnerable. Anemia is identified using measuring Hb concentrations and examining a peripheral blood smear for red blood cell changes. Iron and folate supplementation is advocated in the course of being pregnant to keep away from complications.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in NIMS Hospital, Jaipur.

Subjects and Methods:
Blood was collected and investigations are done on Elite 580.

Results:
This presence study enlightens the number of pregnant anemic patients according to education level, class, diet, and age. Sociopersonal status of pregnant women, the number of anemic was higher in illiterate than literate and according to the socioeconomic condition of anemic pregnant women, the number is much higher in poverty than in higher classes, whereas the number is much lesser in nonvegetarian than vegetarian and is higher in age between 21 and 30 years of age than below or above it.

Conclusion:
Most of the pregnant women attending NIMS Hospital, Jaipur, were found to be anemic. Therefore, appropriate interventions by the competent authority are recommended to tackle this condition among pregnant women.
Pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in Federal Medical Center, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa State
Authors: Idris Umma Abdullahi 
Published: January 2023

Context:
Pediatric pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children in many hospitals in Nigeria. The relative contribution of this disease among children admitted to our facility has not yet been documented.

Aims:
The aim was to determine the prevalence and outcome of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Settings and Design:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Pediatrics of FMCBKD.

Methods:
One hundred and twenty-three children aged 2 months–14 years who were managed for CAP from January 2019 to December 2020 were studied.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 16. Continuous data were represented as mean or median as appropriate, while categorical data were presented as percentages. The Chi-square and Student's t-tests were used to identify the significant differences for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The prevalence of pneumonia was 9.2%. Most of the children were aged 24 months and below with a male preponderance of 1.5:1. Bronchopneumonia was the most common form of clinical presentation, and 67 (71.3%) children presented with severe disease. The case fatality rate was 29.8% (28 deaths), and most of the deaths were among children <24 months of age, females, and those who presented with severe disease.

Conclusions:
CAP is prevalent and causes a significant mortality in children in Jigawa State. Strengthening preventive measures to control pneumonia and increasing public awareness of early presentation to a health facility will reduce mortality.
Determinants of patients' adherence to glaucoma topical therapy among Nigerian adults
Authors: John-Sam Olamide Yetunde , Ayanniyi Abdulkabir Ayansiji , Muhammad Rilwan Chiroma 
Published: January 2023

Context:
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. Among its risk factors only raised intraocular pressure is modifiable with capacity to reduce the progression of glaucoma. Adherence to intraocular pressure lowering medications is a key factor in the medical management of glaucoma.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to determine adherence to glaucoma topical medications and its determinants among patients.

Settings and Design:
This was a comparative longitudinal hospital-based study.

Subjects and Methods:
Ninety-six primary open-angle glaucoma patients were randomly grouped into A and B and surveyed for topical medication adherence and its determinants. All participants were counseled on medication adherence, and given dosing time schedule. Participants in Group B/reliable household members were reminded through phone calls to use their medications. Adherence level, its determinants, effect of adherence on intraocular pressure (IOP), and central visual field defect progression were assessed at baseline, 90 days, and 180 days.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data normality was tested using Shapiro–Wilk test. Results were presented in frequency tables, figures, and charts. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and odds ratio were used to evaluate the associations between variables where applicable. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to determine factors predicting adherence. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
At baseline, 35.4% of the participants were adherent to medications, with intervention at 90 days (81.2%, A, and 79.2%, B) and at 180 days (75.0%, A, and 83.3%, B) of the participants who adhered to medications. Predictors of adherence to medications were age below 40 years (adjusted odd ratio [AOR] = 5.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–21.82; P = 0.029) and the presence of comorbidities (AOR = 5.41; 95% CI, 1.64–17.86; P = 0.009). There was no significant difference in the mean IOP between the two groups at baseline, 90 days, and 180 days.

Conclusions:
There was an improvement in medication adherence following counseling. Younger age and comorbidities were notable adherence determinants.
Changing etiology of sympathetic ophthalmia: A 10-year study from a tertiary referral center in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Shih-Chou , Sheu Shwu-Jiuan , Wu Tsung-Tien 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

PURPOSE:
In this study, we describe our experience of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) at a tertiary referral center in Taiwan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We retrospectively analyzed records of patients diagnosed with SO from January 2011 to December 2020.

RESULTS:
We collected data of 15 patients diagnosed with SO (eight males, seven females). Six patients developed SO after ocular penetrating trauma, and nine developed SO after ocular surgery, including seven with vitrectomy, one with penetrating keratoplasty, and one with cataract surgery. Penetrating ocular trauma was the primary cause of SO in the first 5 years (four of six cases), but the proportion was much lower in the last 5 years (two of nine cases). The interval between trigger events and SO ranged from 0.2 to 120 months. Nine patients received oral steroids alone, five patients received methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral steroids, and immunosuppressants were added in four cases. Visual acuity of sympathetic eyes and exciting eyes improved after treatment. The initial visual acuity of sympathetic eyes in trauma related and ocular surgery related revealed no significant difference, but the final visual acuity of sympathetic eyes was better in ocular surgery-related cases than in the trauma-related cases (mean ± standard deviation, 1.01 ± 1.33 versus 0.49 ± 0.68 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, P = 0.021).

CONCLUSIONS:
With the increased number of eye surgeries performed in recent years, eye surgery has emerged as the dominant etiology of SO in our 10-year study. Early detection and proper treatment help to maintain vision in most of the SO patients.
Los múltiples procesos de la mercadotecnia política: profundizando en su concepto
Authors: Valdez Zepeda Andrés , Huerta Franco Delia Amparo 
Published: January 2023

La mercadotecnia se puede definir como una disciplina cuya preocupación central es la búsqueda o conservación del poder político público.1 De esta forma, en su dimensión electoral, la mercadotecnia busca, a través de la persuasión y movilización de los ciudadanos, conformar mayorías electorales estables tratando de ocupar el mayor número de espacios de poder. En su dimensión gubernamental, la mercadotecnia trata de conservar y acrecentar la legitimidad social generada en los procesos electorales a través de los votos, tratando, además, de afianzar la gobernabilidad (Valdez, 2002).
Como campo disciplinar, la mercadotecnia se encarga del estudio de los procesos de intercambio voluntario que se dan entre la clase política2 y los ciudadanos que habitan una determinada circunscripción electoral (municipio, distrito, estado o país) en el marco de una sociedad democrática.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JAHE MERAH TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI MENSTRUASI PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Intiyaswati Intiyaswati 
Published: January 2023

Pendahuluan : Dismenorea merupakan masalah menstruasi yang sering dialami oleh remaja putri. Hasil studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti di SMPN I Sidoarjo didapatkan dari 27 responden remaja, 19 diantaranya mengalami dismenorea. Nyeri saat menstruasi mengakibatkan aktivitas dan konsentrasi terganggu. Nyeri haid dapat diatasi menggunakan terapi secara farmakologis atau non farmakologis. Bahan tanaman yang dipercaya dapat mengurangi rasa nyeri salah satunya adalah jahe merah (red ginger). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian minuman jahe merah terhadap penurunan tingkat nyeri menstruasi (dismenorea) pada remaja putri di SMPN I Sidoarjo. Metode : Rancangan penelitian menggunakan pre experimental dengan pendekatan one group pre test post test desain. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswi yang mengalami nyeri menstruasi. Sampel remaja yang mengalami nyeri menstruasi sebanyak 17 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling. Hasil : Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor nyeri sebelum perlakuan adalah 2,53, setelah perlakuan rata-rata skor nyeri 1,59 berdasarkan uraian tersebut maka diketahui terjadi penurunan skor nyeri sebesar 0.94 atau sebesar 37,1% . Uji normalitas diketahui bahwa sebaran data pada skor nyeri sebelum diberi perlakuan berdistribusi tidak normal dengan nilai p<0.05 sedangkan setelah diberi perlakuan data berdistribusi tidak normal p<0.05, sehingga hasil statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon menunjukan nilai P = 0.000 (p< α=0.05) maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Diskusi : Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pemberian minuman jahe merah terhadap penurunan tingkat nyeri menstruasi (dismenorea) pada remaja putri di SMPN I Sidoarjo. Responden disarankan untuk mengatasi nyeri menstruasi minuman jahe merah.
PENGARUH MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI CALON PENGANTIN
Authors: Agustasari Krisjentha Iffah , Kusumaningtyas Dian , Hanifarizani Rahma Dian 
Published: January 2023

Pengetahuan terkait kesehatan reproduksi pada calon pengantin dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan calon pengantin. Pendidikan kesehatan berbasis teknologi seperti audio visual merupakan jalur yang inovatif untuk pemberian informasi kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh media audio visual terhadap pengetahuan calon pengantin. Desain penelitian pre-eksperimen dengan one group pre test dan post test design. Populasi semua peserta kulwap berjumlah 61 orang dengan teknik total sampling. Analisis data dengan uji statistik Wilcoxon. Berdasarkan hasil uji Wilcoxon didapatkan ρ value < α (0.000). Tingkat pengetahuan sebelum penyuluhan (pre test) sebagian besar (75,4%) memiliki pengetahuan cukupdan setelah diberikan penyuluhan (post test) Sebagian besar (88,5%) memiliki pengetahuan baik. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan penyuluhan media audio visual dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi calon pengantin.
PEMBERIAN AROMATERAPI LEMON DAPAT MEREDAKAN KELUHAN MUAL DAN MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER PERTAMA DI TEMPAT PRAKTIK MANDIRI BIDAN (TPMB) SURABAYA
Authors: Astuti Eny , Santiasari Retty Nirmala , Srifatimah Veronika 
Published: January 2023

Mual muntah merupakan suatu gejala yang wajar di alami Ibu hamil Primigravida terutama di usia kehamilan 4-6 minggu. Mual muntah pada ibu hamil mengakibatkan kelemahan tubuh, pucat, aktivitas terganggu, penurunan nafsu makan hingga ibu mengalami penurunan berat badan, kekurangan gizi bahkan ibu mengalami dehidrasi sampai terjadinya defisit nutrisi yang membahayakan kondisi ibu dan janin. Terapi yang dapat di lakukan untuk mengatasi mual muntah yaitu Aromaterapi lemon yang merupakan terapi komplementer yang aman pada kehamilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Aromaterapi Lemon Sebagai Terapi Komplementer Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Pertama Dengan Mual Muntah Di TPMB Surabaya. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode Pre-eksperimen dengan desain penelitian yang di gunakan one group pre-post. Sampelnya Ibu hamil trimester pertama yang mengalami mual muntah berjumlah 30 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang di gunakan lembar kuisioner PQUE SCORE dengan menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebelum di berikan aromaterapi lemon sebagian besar 73,3% ibu hamil yang mengalami mual muntah berat dan sesudah di berikan aromaterapi lemon sebagian besar 70% ibu hamil mengalami mual muntah ringan. Berdasarkan hasil Uji statistic di dapatkan nilai p value 0,000 <0,05 yang berarti ada pengaruh Aromaterapi Lemon Sebagai Terapi Komplementer Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Pertama Dengan Mual Muntah. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa Aromaterapi lemon dapat meredakan Mual Muntah pada ibu hamil trimester pertama, Sehingga aromaterapi Lemon dapat dipakai sebagai alternatif menurunkan sensasi mual pada Ibu Hamil trimester pertama.
Hubungan Kecerdasan Spiritual Perawat Dengan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Spiritual Pasien Di Ruang Rawat Inap RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Surya Direja Ade Herman , Juksen Loren , Sri Mulyani Endang 
Published: January 2023

Spiritualitas merupakan sesuatu yang dipercayai oleh seseorang dalam hubungannya dengan kekuatan yang lebih tinggi (Tuhan), yang menimbulkan suatu kebutuhan serta kecintaan terhadap adanya Tuhan, dan permohonan maaf atas segala kesalahan yang pernah diperbuat. bahwa hampir sebagian besar pasien yang membutuhkan pemenuhan spiritual (79,4%) yang diperoleh dari perawat lewat asuhan keperawatan seperti merasa dicintai dan mencintai serta dihargai. penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecerdasaan spiritual perawat dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan spiritual pasien di ruang rawat inap RSKJ Soeprapto Provinsi Bengkulu dan telah dilakukan penelitian dari tanggan 06 september- 09 september 2022. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel dari populasi dengan menggunakan cara total sampling dengan sampel 60 orang perawat. Data yang di gunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder, data di analisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariate. Hasil penelitian ini menujakan dari 60 sampel terdapat responden dengan tingkat kecerdasan tinggi 60 orang (100.0%). Dan responden tingkan pemenuhan kebutuhan spiritual sedang 5 orang (8.3%), tinggi 55 orang ( 91.7%). Berdasarkan analisis data dari uji statistic hasil analisis korelasi Rank Spearman didapat nilai koefisien korelasi rho = - 0,466 dengan p-value = 0,000<0,05 signifikan, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Jadi Ada hubungan antara kecerdasan spiritual dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan spiritual pasien di rawat inap RSKJ Sueprapto Provinsi Bengkulu.
PEMBERIAN MP-ASI OPTIMAL DALAM UPAYA MENCEGAH KEJADIAN STUNTING
Authors: Primihastuti Dianita , Rhomadona Shinta Wurdiana , Intiyaswati Intiyaswati 
Published: January 2023

Stunting menurut WHO didasarkan pada indeks panjang badan / tinggi badan dibanding umur dengan batas nilai kurang dari -2 SD (Standart deviasi). Negara Indonesia menduduki peringkat kelima dunia untuk jumlah anak dengan kondisi stunting. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang anak terdiri dari Faktor genetik dan lingkungan.Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang dapat mempengaruhi yaitu pemberian MP-ASI, dimana MPASI merupakan faktor predisposisi yang penting diberikan pada bayi sejak usia 6 bulan untuk menopang kecukupan gizinya. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian makanan pendamping ASI terhadap kejadian stunting di wilayah putat jaya Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian observasional analitik korelatif dan case control sebagai desain penelitian. Besar sampel yaitu 64 orang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi square, dengan nilai P < 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan pemberian makanan pendamping ASI dengan kejadian stunting (p value = 0,001).Kesimpulan: Terdapat Hubungan yang signifikan antara makanan pendamping ASI dengan kejadian stunting diwilayah Putat Jaya Surabaya.
Efficacy of botulinum toxin type A injection for Raynaud’s phenomenon and digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Jokar Mohammad Hassan , Baghbani Bita , Roustai Geraylow Kiarash , Shariati Jaleh , Mehrad-Majd Hassan , Mirfeizi Zahra , Hashemzadeh Kamila 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune, connective tissue disorder of unknown etiology which causes vasculopathy and fibrosis. Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is a common complication of SSc, which leads to ischemia and gangrenes. Treatment of RP is a clinical problem and often remains insufficient.
This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of local injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in improving the symptoms of Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) secondary to scleroderma.Material and methodsThis parallel single-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled 29 patients with scleroderma. Participants received BTX-A in the first, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th dorsal web spaces and the base of the thumb and small finger of the non-dominant hand and 2.5 ml of sterile normal saline in the opposite hand. Pre-injection measurements and post-injection follow-up evaluations at months 1 and 4 were performed. We compared the outcomes using the paired Student’s t-test.ResultsThe change in pain severity between pre-injection and month 1 follow-up was significantly
larger in the BTX-A group (p-value = 0.04). Between pre-injection and month 1 and month 4,
the changes in the Raynaud’s condition score (RCS) (p-value = 0.02, 0.004, respectively) and the number of Raynaud’s attacks (p-value = 0.006, 0.001, respectively) were significantly greater in the BTX-A group. No significant difference was found in terms of paresthesia, skin thickening, upper extremity function, ulcer diameter, number of ulcers, or Raynaud’s attack duration between the two groups (p-value > 0.05). In time, the decrease in pain severity, paresthesia, RCS, number of ulcers, and ulcer diameter, and the increase in upper extremity function were significantly greater in the BTX-A group as compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur study showed that local injection of BTX-A is safe and has beneficial therapeutic effects on RP and RP-related digital ulcers in SSc patients.