bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atténuation du ground roll par le filtre surface wave atténuation : application pour le cas des données sismiques
Authors: Brahmi Ghanem , Bougara Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

L’étape de l’interprétation sismique reste tributaire de la qualité des enregistrements des données, souvent affectés par des bruits cohérents et incohérents. Le but principal de ce travail consiste à l’utilisation du filtre "Surface Wave Noise Atténuation" basé sur la transformée de Fourier afin d’atténuer le bruit de surface présent sur une section sismique sommée en couverture multiple. Le filtre proposé a été appliqué dans le premier stade de notre test, sur des données sismiques synthétiques sur lesquelles un bruit organisé a été ajouté, tandis qu’en second, le filtre a été appliqué sur des données réelles, pour éliminer dans la mesure du possible le ground roll affectant l’image sismique avant et après sommation. L’optimisation des paramètres du filtre a permis d’obtenir une qualité sismique acceptable. Le recours à d’autres filtres, le filtre médian et le filtre gaussien en l’occurrence, ont permis d’atténuer le bruit résiduel et les réflecteurs apparaissent d’une façon encore meilleure.
Der Weg zur klimaneutralen Produktion
Authors: Roos Eckhard , Ortwein Andreas , Jikadra Ketan 
Published: March 2023

Auf dem Weg in eine klimaneutrale Produktion wird zukünftig dem Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) bei der Produktion von Automatisierungskomponenten und deren Energieverbrauch über den Lebenszyklus eine stärkere Bedeutung zukommen. Der vorliegende Beitrag beleuchtet den PCF erstmalig über den kompletten Lebenszyklus pneumatischer Antriebe. Zustandsüberwachung und Predictive Maintenance ermöglichen, die Drehmomentreserve pneumatischer Antriebe in der Projektierung zu verringern und damit kleinere Baugrößen auszuwählen und so den PCF der Antriebe über ihren Lebenszyklus zu senken.
Morphometric study of patella to assess the feasiblity of patellar resurfacing in patients undergoing total knee replacement
Authors: Krishnan Rohan , Lalchandani Rajesh , Singh Jaiveer , Singh Mohit , Tomar Askash 
Published: March 2023

: We aimed at determining about the suitability of implants available for Indian population by assessing the intra op measurement of patella in all its dimensions viz anteroposterior, superioinferior and mediolateral diameter in Indian patients.Also, we aimed at proving that whether any co-relation exists between radiological and intraoperative morphometry of patella. We also wanted to study whether any correlation exists between patellar size and anthropometric parameters like height and age.: 55 patients of grade 4 OA knee were selected for this study and pre op x-rays were obtained, AP View, Lat View, Skyline view and Merchant view. Preop Morphometery of patella was recorded on x-ray findings. All patients were operated by standard midline incision with medial parapatellar arthrotomy.Intra op measurement of patella was done via Vernier caliper and measurements were recorded.: Prospective cohort study. The smallest available patellar implant in India is about 8 mm in size which is not suitable for Indian patient.most of the patients were having patellar morphometery lower than the expected size for patellar resurfacement. Hence patellar resurfacement was not an option for many of the patients because of unavailability of patellar implants of appropriate size.: Hence in this study we conclude that there is a need of better designed implants for Indian patients as the presently available implants are mainly designed for western population making it unfeasible to resurface patella for Indian surgeons.
Evaluation of functional and radiological outcome of transverse cancellous lag screw fixation technique in pauwels type 3 fracture neck of femur
Authors: Mazumdar Gourav , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Vilangil Alif Nidal , Rahmon Fazlur 
Published: March 2023

The study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of transverse cancellous lag screw (TCLS) fixation in pauwels type 3 fracture neck of femur (NOF). 29 patients with pauwels type 3 fracture neck of femur were operated with transverse cancellous lag screws. Functional outcome was evaluated using Harris hip score while RUSH score was used to evaluate radiological outcome. The follow up period was 6 months. Quantitative variables were compared using unpaired t- test/Mann- Whitney test. Qualitative variables were compared using Chi-Square test /Fisher’s exact test. Pearson correlation coefficient/Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to find out the correlation between quantitative variables. A p value of &#60;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Mean Harris hip score was 84.86 with excellent outcomes in 44.82% of patients. Mean RUSH score was 26.55 at the end of 6 month follow up. The mean time to union was 4 months and the union rate was 93.10%. Over all TCLS fixation technique had good results in our study. This construction not only improves the compression pressure across the fracture site, also offer a multi-plane structure to lock the fracture ends. The addition of the transverse lag screw (inserted perpendicularly to the fracture line) allows optimum control of shear forces in the fracture ends. The transverse screw also provides rigid cortical support by transferring the bending moments from the femoral head and neck to the enhanced posterior lateral cortical support, which harmonized the function of the calcar femorale.
Validity of percutaneous external fixator for calcaneal fractures to allow early weight bearing
Authors: Sivagnanam Marimuthu , Rathinasamy Surendhar , Selvaraj Ranjithkumar , Balakumaran Anbuvigneshwaran 
Published: March 2023

Calcaneum, the most common tarsal bone to fracture affecting manual labourers who were sole breadwinners of the family. Generally treated with below knee pop and ORIF, commonly associated with complications and delayed weight bearing. This study analyses functional outcome of early weight bearing with minimally invasive skeletal stabilisation of calcaneal fractures.This study was conducted at Institute of orthopaedics and traumatology, Coimbatore medical college and Meenakshi medical college hospital and research institute, Kanchipuram between July 2019 to October 2021. 15 patients in age group 20-65 years with 19 calcaneal fractures less than 4 weeks duration are included in study.Surgery averaged 1.6 days after injury. Full weight-bearing was achieved in 11.7 days for unilateral calcaneal fractures (range 9 to 15 days) and 43.5 days for bilateral fractures (40 to 49 days). Patients returned to work in 35.6 days on average (range 24 to 52 days). All 19 calcaneal fractures healed in 52.63 days. External fixator removal averaged 56.57 days. Two patients had postoperative pin site infections. No bones were infected. Six-month AOFAS scores averaged 86.15.In our study calcaneal fractures are fixed with mini external fixator percutaneously and it can be used in presence of compound fractures and with skin blisters. Though anatomical reduction cannot be attained completely weight bearing is possible from 2nd day after surgery and full weight bearing was possible in 2nd week. The limitations of our study include a smaller number of cases. A large multi-centric study may be necessary to confirm our results.
Assessing the inequality of health distribution among the provinces of Iran during the Fifth Development Plan (2011-2015)
Authors: Mahinizadeh Mansour , Pourghorban Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Health, both physically and mentally, raises the level of human capital. This study aims to challenge the performance of the Fifth Development Plan (2011-2015) regarding inequality in the distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country.
Methods: This study is analytical cross sectional. In this research, using the TOPSIS method and using the Gini coefficient index and inequality ratios, was evaluated the distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country. Also, to determine the degree of health development among the provinces of the country, from 13 indices including hospital per capita, hospital bed per capita, health house per capita, health center per capita, laboratory per capita, pharmacy per capita, general practitioner per capita, specialist physician per capita and other health care staff per capita were used. The software used in this research is SPSS 25.
Results: The results show that in 2011, the provinces of Tehran, KhorasanRazavi and Isfahan were at the highest level and the provinces of South Khorasan, Ilam and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad were at the lowest level in this regard. While, in 2015, the provinces of Tehran, KhorasanRazavi maintained their previous position and Fars province was in the third place. The province of Ilam, was still at the lowest level. The Gini coefficient of distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country in 2011 was 0.49, and increased to 0.52 in 2015. The share ratio of the top 20% to the bottom 20% among the provinces in terms of enjoying health facilities in 2011 and 2015 was equal to 32 and 37, respectively.
Conclusion: The severity of inequality of health facilities among the provinces of the country has intensified during the Fifth Plan. The results show that the provinces have a significant difference in their position in access to health facilities and this indicates equal distribution of health facilities among the provinces of the country.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy on Forgiveness and Marital Intimacy of Women Affected by Infidelity in Mashhad
Authors: Asvadi Maryam , Bakhshipoor Abolfazl , Razavizadeh Tabadkan Bibi Zohreh 
Published: March 2023

Background: The experience of infidelity is very painful and leads to serious negative consequence among couples. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBT) on forgiveness and marital intimacy of women affected by infidelity.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-posttest design. The statistical population included all the infidelity-affected women referred to Andishe and Tafakor counseling center in the first quarter of 2020 in Mashhad city. The sample size was determined by Cochran formula as 15 participants for each group. From this statistical population, 45 people were selected by purposive method based on inclusion criteria and were randomly replaced in three groups of CBT (N=15), EFT (N=15), and the control group (N=15. They did not receive any intervention. All participants were assessed before, after, and two months after the intervention with the marital forgiveness and Walker and Thompson's (1983) and marital intimacy scale (MIS). The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS-20 by statistical methods of the repeated measure analysis of variance.
Results: The mean age of participants was 33.11 ±5.03, and their marriage duration was 6.23±2.89. The results demonstrated forgiveness and marital intimacy were significantly increased in CBT and EFT groups compared to the control group (P <0.001). EFT showed higher effectiveness than CBT in enhancement of forgiveness and intimacy (P <0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings, CBT and EFT indicated efficacy in improvement of intimacy and forgiveness between couples. By comparing interventions, EFT showed higher effectiveness. Therefore, it is suggested to use emotion-focused techniques to improve the relationship of couple. In addition, considering the effectiveness of both treatments, an integrated approach can be used in future studies.
Enhancing Coiled Tubing Offshore Operating Limit Case Study
Authors: Sonawane Mahesh , Ge Michael Long , Toleman Benjamin , Campbell Mike 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Coiled tubing (CT) is being increasingly used in open water mode for offshore light well intervention such as subsea hydraulic pumping applications. Traditionally coiled tubing has been popular in land based intervention applications; whereas for offshore applications using a CT deployed through a riser (in-riser mode) is very common.
However more recently, light well intervention (LWI) operations with CT deployed in open water mode are gaining traction due to improved efficiencies compared to traditional intervention methods. Coiled tubing systems are an integral part of a LWI system and are used for injection and hydraulic pumping operations.
In open water mode coiled tubing pipe is susceptible to direct hydrodynamic loading from waves and currents and vessel motions. The strength response and fatigue performance of the coiled tubing pipe can severely limit operability and increase down time for these operations when compared to riser based operations.
In this paper we will present a case study where coiled tubing has been used for LWI and subsea pumping operations. The paper will highlight some of the key challenges in design and operation of open water mode CT systems for offshore applications, from a loading standpoint and will also discuss challenges arising from lack of industry standards and codes. Analysis methodology and outcomes from this study will be presented to demonstrate how the CT strength response limits operations. Multiple mitigation options that were used to enhance operability will be discussed: these include judicious use of operational parameters, field measurement based environmental data and pipe depressurization to attain feasibility in harsh environments. In addition, modeling refinements based on 3 Dimensional (3D) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the CT injector guides and strain based design criteria will be discussed.
The paper will include recommendations based on experience from these case studies and highlight the need for a common industry standard to better assist Operators and OEMs with future designs.
High-Precision Automated Downhole Machining Tool with Real-Time Bit Position Measurement
Authors: Wiesenborn Kyle , Feliu Rodrigo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A new downhole machining system has been developed for lightweight intervention applications to remove wellbore obstructions and stuck valves, combining the precision of real-time bit position measurement with the power of push-pull forces up to 40,000 lbf. This tool builds on existing hardware from proven milling and shifting services, with added software features for advanced automation and control. This paper describes the new machining system and benefits for the operator to enable a reliable and robust contingency machining service.
Conventional wireline milling tools use a tractor tool for weight-on-bit and torque reaction. These tractor-based milling systems can be efficient for removing obstructions over a long interval, but they are not ideal for milling hard metal targets. For example, a nipple milling operation might require many hours to mill, during which time the operator has no indication that the milling operation is progressing as planned since the tractor does not provide any measurement of milling progress. The new machining system provides the operator with a real-time measurement of milling progress with resolution down to 1/100-in. to quickly diagnose and correct any problems due to bit damage, engagement with the target, or cuttings accumulation. For known targets of multiple materials or interrupted geometry, or for bits with staged cutting features, the direct measurement of bit position enables automatic machining programs that can autonomously execute a predefined sequence of cutting parameters (weight, speed, and torque) that change with measured bit position. The machining progress and quality indicators are displayed in real time at surface using a graphic interface showing the machining target and current bit position.
The machining tool uses the same anchor and linear actuator modules from wireline shifting service tools, combined with the same rotary motor and gearing modules from wireline milling service tools. Torque from the bit is transferred across the linear actuator module using a sleeve that is keyed above and below the piston. Both the linear actuator hydraulic motor and the rotary motor are equipped with rotor position and torque feedback and powered by a downhole inverter for maximum power efficiency, precise control of hydraulic pressure and bit position, and reverse operation for stall prevention and recovery.
Test data are shared in this paper to compare the performance of the new machining tool with a high-performing tractor-based milling service tool. Examples are given for both isolation valve machining and nipple machining.
Production and Well Access Restored After a Successful Subsurface Safety Valve Flowtube Milling on E-line, Preventing Major Rig Workover
Authors: Nobile Blanco Juan Jose , Prabhakaran Sudesh , Shiwan Shiwanshu , Rathod Chirag , Ting David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An offshore production well was out of operation after unsuccessful inflow tests. A remedial work plan was designed, but the execution resulted in severe damage to the top of the flowtube inside the Subsurface Safety Valve (SSSV), which was bent over and preventing production. Wireline conveyed mechanical intervention was performed with robotic tools to mill the obstruction and regain full bore access.
Downhole hardware milling is a common technology; however, a thorough process must be followed in order to succeed. The following factors were among those to be considered: well configuration (completion schematic and restrictions); the material of the flowtube (9CR-1MO Martensitic Steel); the risk of damaging the surrounding area; the risk of rotating the whole assembly while milling; and the risk of getting stuck with the e-line Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA). The milling intervention program was drafted taking into consideration different scenarios including contingencies.
E-line conveyed robotic milling intervention was the preferred option due to the urgency of the operation and high accuracy required to ensure the SSSV was left operational after milling. The robotic toolstring was first deployed for a drift run. Subsequent diagnostic runs were executed to help the team understand the downhole situation, adjust the operation plan and to test the performance of the tool downhole. Finally, the milling run was conducted showing a clear signature on the acquisition system, providing the parties involved with certainty regarding the outcome. A camera run was performed to verify the conditions of the operational area after milling. The job was executed in a total of four runs as per the program. Furthermore, the milling time itself was only 17 minutes. The complete removal of the damaged section of flowtube allowed the client to restore production immediately after testing the well integrity, with the SSSV fully functional.
This paper describes the complex yet efficient operation where a robotic milling tool, conveyed by e-line, was able to remove a critical downhole obstruction and restore production while preserving all safety features of the well, thus preventing a complex workover operation. The in-depth preparation, followed by a methodical execution, allowed oil production to be resumed in this well.
Alternative Approach to Liner Top Repairs
Authors: Carragher Paul John , Talapatra Didhiti , Vergel Pedro Antonio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Leaking and compromised liner tops have been a common ongoing problem in the oilfield. A poor cement job around the liner top can not only lead to gas or fluid migration from non-productive zones during the lifecycle of the well but can also severely limit remediation abilities by resulting in lower than desired frac pressures if the leak is substantial. The existing solution which involves squeezing cement is not only notoriously difficult but is also unreliable, time consuming, equipment heavy and fails to provide a gas tight seal if needed. This has over the years resulted in a very high number of leaking liner tops, a problem which needs a quick and reliable solution.
Pushing Coiled Tubing Design and Manufacturing Boundaries to Service 50,000-ft Mega-Reach Wells in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Galvan Irma I , Mallanao Genesis L , McClelland Garry , Rowland Ray , Novak Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Extended-reach drilling target records in the Upper Zakum region have now reached 50,000-ft depth, surpassing manufacturing, equipment, and operational boundaries of the coiled tubing (CT) industry. However, custom-fit CT manufacturing equipment and logistical procedures are being evaluated to boost manufacturing capabilities that will allow to build multipurpose CT strings configurations with larger operating envelopes that can perform well across a variety of wellbore designs and target depths, including the recent record of 50,000-ft.
Over the past five years, highly engineered 2.375-in CT strings ranging from 31,000-ft to 43,000-ft in length have been deployed in the region, to service and maintain these complex wells trajectories over 4.5:1 MD/TVD ratios. The CT design makeups and length have progressed over time to have heavy reliance on extended reach hydraulic tractors by utilizing quench and temper materials that allowed greater diameter to wall thickness ratios (D/t), while satisfying pressure, load, and fatigue ratings. Nevertheless, the newest target depths require significant upgrades to CT manufacturing equipment, extended reach downhole tools and surface equipment.
CT has become an integral component to reduce cost and time in the region, and its utilization has increased because of the collaboration between the well operator, CT service providers, extended reach tool companies and CT manufacturers to improve its suitability, reliability, and predictability. The CT string engineering for 50,000-ft mega-reach wells required an iterative string design methodology that heavily considered the actual field reliability (actual tensile load ratings) of the CT hydraulic tractors and chemical friction reducers to determine the optimal CT lengths and wall thickness configurations. The CT manufacturing capabilities and surface equipment were maximized to optimize wellbore accessibility. A thorough evaluation of each stage of the CT manufacturing process revealed areas where equipment would reach capacity based on the CT design specifications. The resultant studies discuss comprehensive ground-up development, engineering, testing, and qualification of CT manufacturing requiring capital investments to produce the massive CT strings. The strings are 10 miles long weighing around 100 – 110 MT including the working drum. Funding for such a large-scale project is currently pending, with the operators’ demand for such strings and the projected return on investment influencing the decision.
The ability to intervene with CT is crucial to the field development strategy, and as the new wellbore designs become increasingly difficult to service, fit-for-purpose CT solutions are needed. CT manufacturing industry is engineering and developing equipment that expands the limits of CT production to bridge this gap.