bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
حماية المستهلك الالكتروني في ظل القانون الأردني
Authors: الهلالات محمد علي 
Published: April 2023

تناول البحث موضوع حديث نسبيا وهو حماية المستهلك الالكتروني في ظل القانون الأردني، حيث تعد هذه الحماية مسألة قانونية مهمة فرضها التطور التقني الحاصل في البيئة الالكترونية وزيادة الاهتمام بالمستهلك الالكتروني، الذي بات محور التعاقد الالكتروني. وهذا ما يهدف إليه البحث للتأكد من مدى توافر الحماية القانونية لهذا المستهلك في ظل القانون الأردني.
وقد خلص الباحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج أبرزها أن المشرع الأردني لم يشر في قانون حماية المستهلك إلى منح المستهلك فرصة للتفكير قبل إبرام العقد، كذلك الحال بالنسبة لحق العدول.وأيضا كان موقفه غامضا بالنسبة للحق بالتبصير الالكتروني. وبالمجمل نجد أن المشرع الأردني لم يضع أحكاما خاصة لحماية المستهلك في التعاملات الالكترونية، ولكنه في نفس الوقت تطرق إلى حماية المستهلك بصفة عامة وذلك من خلال قانون حماية المستهلك الأردني.
يوصى الباحث ولكي يتم إضفاء الحماية الفعالة للمستهلك الالكتروني ان يتم وضع قواعد خاصة لحماية المستهلك الأردني، أو على الأقل أن يتضمن قانون حماية المستهلك الأردني قواعد جديدة تتناسب مع واقع العقود الالكترونية وتختلف تماما عن تلك القواعد التقليدية التي باتت عاجزة عن مسايرة التطور الحاصل في التجارة الالكترونية
Status berat badan lahir rendah dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Desa Sukadadi, Lampung
Authors: Utami Marantika Tri , Widiyaningsih Endang Nur 
Published: April 2023

Latar Belakang: Stunting masih menjadi permasalahan gizi yang terus diupayakan penyelesaiannya di Indonesia dan negara lain. Prevalensi stunting di Puskesmas Gedong Tataan tahun 2020 sebesar 30,3% dan berada di atas angka provinsi Lampung yaitu 27,28% dan masih jauh dari target nasional (14%). Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) sering dikaitkan dengan stunting. Bayi BBLR juga memiliki pertumbuhan linear yang tidak optimal khususnya di usia enam bulan pertama karena harus mengejar keterlambatan tumbuh akibat BBLR. Tujuan: Mengetahui BBLR sebagai faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 0–59 bulan di Desa Sukadadi Lampung. Metode: Metode yang digunakan yaitu Case Control dengan sampel balita sebanyak 37 balita dari masing-masing kelompok. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara matching kelompok case dan control menggunakan purposive sampling. Uji statistik menggunakan Fisher Exact. Hasil: Proporsi Balita stunting yang memiliki riwayat BBLR yaitu 16,2%. Hasil uji statistik Nilai OR 2,194 (95% CI=1,692–2,844) dan diartikan bahwa kejadian stunting berisiko 2,194 kali lebih besar terjadi pada balita dengan riwayat BBLR dibandingkan balita dengan berat lahir normal. Kejadian BBLR merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya stunting pada balita di Desa Sukadadi, Lampung. Kesimpulan: Kejadian BBLR merupakan faktor risiko atau faktor predictor dari kejadian stunting di Desa Sukadadi, Lampung.
High-throughput SiN ALE: surface reaction and ion-induced damage generation mechanisms
Authors: Hirata Akiko , Fukasawa Masanaga , Tercero Jomar Unico , Kugimiya Katsuhisa , Hagimoto Yoshiya , Karahashi Kazuhiro , Hamaguchi Satoshi , Iwamoto Hayato 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Atomic layer etching (ALE) has been practically implemented as a technique to achieve atomic/molecular level control. However, its main disadvantage is that it involves long process time. The surface reaction mechanism required to realize high-throughput (HT) SiN ALE was investigated. CH3F/Ar plasma was applied in the adsorption step, while Ar plasma was used in the desorption step. Finally, an additional O2 ashing step was applied. To reduce process time, HT ALE was performed at high ion energy, and the amount of etched SiN was evaluated. HT SiN ALE conducted at short time intervals and at high ion energy underwent a quasi-self-limited reaction, which is a characteristic of ALE, and the process time decreased. However, HT ALE using CH3F in the adsorption step caused an increase in the extent of the damage. Thus, the use of C4F8 (without H) can significantly reduce damage even under HT ALE conditions.
Effect of inconsistency of irradiation conditions of acoustic radiation force caused by tissue structure on shear wave velocity evaluation
Authors: Osato Kodai , Oguri Takuma , Kamiyama Naohisa , Hirata Shinnosuke , Yoshida Kenji , Yamaguchi Tadashi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that shear wave elastography of liver tissue can be unstable due to factors such as uncertainties in the acoustic radiation force (ARF) irradiation due to the influence of tissues near the surface and the complexity of the liver’s structure and its physical properties. This study aims to verify the influence of near-surface tissues on ARF and the effect of tissue structure on shear wave propagation and shear wave velocity (SWV) evaluation using wave propagation simulations by the elastic finite-difference time domain method. It is found that the ARF becomes weakly focused on multiple locations due to refraction of longitudinal waves by near-surface tissues, and multiple shear waves of small amplitude are propagated. However, a macroscopic SWV assessment, as in clinical practice, reduces the influence of near-surface tissues because the microscopic assessment results are averaged over the near-surface tissues.
Coma Off It: Regularizing Variable Point-spread Functions
Authors: Hughes J. Marcus , DeForest Craig E. , Seaton Daniel B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We describe a rapid and direct method for regularizing, post facto, the point-spread function (PSF) of a telescope or other imaging instrument across its entire field of view (FOV). Imaging instruments in general blur point sources of light by local convolution with a PSF that varies slowly across the FOV, due to coma, spherical aberration, and similar effects. It is possible to regularize the PSF in post-processing, producing data with a homogeneous “effective PSF” across the entire FOV. In turn, the method enables seamless wide-field astronomical mosaics at higher resolution than would otherwise be achievable, and potentially changes the design trade space for telescopes, lenses, and other optical systems where data uniformity is important. For many kinds of optical aberration, simple and rapid convolution with a locally optimized “transfer PSF” produces extremely uniform imaging properties at low computational cost. PSF regularization does not require access to the instrument that obtained the data, and can be bootstrapped from existing data sets that include starfield images or other means of estimating the PSF across the field.
The Orbital and Physical Properties of Five Southern Be+sdO Binary Systems
Authors: Wang 王璐 Luqian 茜 , Gies Douglas R. , Peters Geraldine J. , Han Zhanwen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Close binary interactions may play a critical role in the formation of the rapidly rotating Be stars. Mass transfer can result in a mass gainer star spun up by the accretion of mass and angular momentum, while the mass donor is stripped of its envelope to form a hot and faint helium star. Far-UV spectroscopy has led to the detection of about 20 such binary Be+sdO systems. Here we report on a 3 yr program of high-quality spectroscopy designed to determine the orbital periods and physical properties of five Be binary systems. These binaries are long orbital period systems with P = 95–237 days and small semiamplitude K
1 < 11 km s−1. We combined the Be star velocities with prior sdO measurements to obtain mass ratios. A Doppler tomography algorithm shows the presence of the He ii
λ4686 line in the faint spectrum of the hot companion in four of the targets. We discuss the observed line variability and show evidence of phase-locked variations in the emission profiles of HD 157832, suggesting a possible disk spiral density wave due to the presence of the companion star. The stripped companions in HD 113120 and HD 137387 may have a mass larger than 1.4 M
⊙, indicating that they could be progenitors of Type Ib and Ic supernovae.
Robust Estimates of Orientation between Astrometric Catalogs
Authors: Frouard Julien 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAccurately comparing two celestial reference frames based on the observed position of a number of common objects requires to detect and appropriately process outliers, lest they spuriously influence the results. It is thus of practical importance to use algorithms able to minimize the impact of those outliers when comparing radio and/or optical astrometric catalogs. In this paper, we investigate and compare the performances of some well-established and more recent robust algorithms when fitting a simple rotation vector between two reference frames. We particularly focus on two aspects: the variance of the resulting estimates, and the ability of the estimators to deal with outlying leverage points. We ran a number of Monte Carlo simulations with synthetic objects, varying their number, as well as the fraction and dispersion of outliers. Since the distribution of catalog objects in the sky is sometimes markedly nonuniform as in the case of the ICRF3 catalog, and because the position of outliers in the sky might cause issues when fitting rotation models, we also ran simulations representative of the observed distribution of objects. We compare the ICRF3 S/X, ICRF2 and Gaia EDR3 reference frames. Our results, based on the synthetic simulations and the comparison between the existing celestial frames, show that the M estimator, with a scale obtained from a least absolute deviations estimate, is the best among all the robust estimators compared.
Minuscule Corrections to Near-surface Solar Internal Rotation Using Mode Coupling
Authors: Bharati Das Srijan , Kashyap Samarth G. , Oktay Deniz , Hanasoge Shravan M. , Tromp Jeroen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The observed solar oscillation spectrum is influenced by internal perturbations such as flows and structural asphericities. These features induce splitting of characteristic frequencies and distort the resonant-mode eigenfunctions. Global axisymmertric flow—differential rotation—is a very prominent perturbation. Tightly constrained rotation profiles as a function of latitude and radius are products of established helioseismic pipelines that use observed Dopplergrams to generate frequency-splitting measurements at high precision. However, the inference of rotation using frequency splittings does not consider the effect of mode coupling. This approximation worsens for modes with high angular degrees, as they become increasingly proximal in frequency. Since modes with high angular degrees probe the near-surface layers of the Sun, inversions considering coupled modes could potentially lead to more accurate estimates of rotation very close to the surface. In order to investigate if this is indeed the case, we perform inversions for solar differential rotation, considering coupling of modes for angular degrees 160 ≤ ℓ ≤ 300 in the surface gravity f-branch and first-overtone p modes. In keeping with the character of mode coupling, we carry out a nonlinear inversion using an eigenvalue solver. Differences in inverted profiles for frequency-splitting measurements from MDI and HMI are compared and discussed. We find that the corrections to the near-surface differential rotation profile, when accounting for mode-coupling effects, are smaller than 0.003 nHz and hence are insignificant. These minuscule corrections are found to be correlated with the solar cycle. We also present corrections to even-order splitting coefficients, which could consequently impact inversions for structure and magnetic fields.
The Game of Life on a Magnetar Crust: From Gamma-Ray Flares to FRBs
Authors: Lander S. K. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This Letter presents a model to unify the diverse range of magnetar activity, through the building and release of elastic stress from the crust. A cellular automaton drives both local and global yielding of the crust, leading to braiding of coronal loops and energy release. The model behaves like a real magnetar in many ways: giant flares and small bursts both occur, as well as periods of quiescence whose typical duration is either ≲1 yr or ∼10–30 yr. The burst energy distribution broadly follows an earthquake-like power law over the energy range 1040–1045 erg. The local nature of coronal loops allows for the possibility of high-energy and fast radio bursts from the same magnetar. Within this paradigm, magnetar observations can be used to constrain the poorly understood mechanical properties of the neutron-star crust.
Succès et misère des concepts « prêts-à-penser »
Authors: Wacquant Loïc 
Published: April 2023

Adossé à mon livre The Invention of the « Underclass » : A Study in the Politics of Knowledge (2022), cet article élabore trois notions pour parer aux attraits et dangers des « vrais-faux » concepts qui minent la pensée sociologique de l’intérieur. L’« effet lemming », la « bulle spéculative conceptuelle » et la « problématique clés en main » peuvent nous aider à pratiquer collectivement une meilleure hygiène analytique et à dégager les critères sémantiques, logiques et heuristiques qui font un bon concept scientifique.
Tournant pragmatique en sciences sociales et relativisme ?
Authors: Pudal Romain 
Published: April 2023

Les sciences sociales françaises notamment auraient connu depuis une vingtaine d’années un « tournant pragmatique » dont nous analysons les principales lignes de force. Au-delà du renouvellement paradigmatique revendiqué, il nous semble que certaines conceptions ainsi mises en avant présentent un risque certain de sombrer dans un relativisme problématique aussi bien du point de vue scientifique que politique.
Processus de catégorisation des familles « issues de l’immigration » dans les actions d’accompagnement à la parentalité
Authors: Unterreiner Anne 
Published: April 2023

Alors que les dispositifs de soutien à la parentalité soutenus financièrement par les Caisses d’allocations familiales ( caf ) sont théoriquement conçus pour accueillir des publics très divers, rares sont les travaux portant sur les familles issues de l’immigration au sein de ces dispositifs. Afin de combler ce manque, nous avons conduit en 2018 une enquête qualitative combinant des entretiens et des observations d’actions dans le cadre de trois dispositifs, à savoir les Lieux d’accueil enfants-parents ( laep ), les Réseaux d’écoute, d’appui et d’accompagnement des parents ( reaap ) et les Contrats locaux d’accompagnement à la scolarité ( clas ). L’enjeu de la catégorisation des familles issues de l’immigration a été traité sous deux angles. Du point de vue méthodologique, ce sont les acteurs institutionnels de la branche Famille de la Sécurité sociale et les responsables des actions de soutien à la parentalité qui ont sélectionné les actions et les familles enquêtées selon leur interprétation de l’expression « issues de l’immigration », ce qui a eu des effets sur le terrain. Du point de vue analytique, il est apparu qu’au sein de ces dispositifs les intervenants interprètent les normes et les pratiques des familles, et donc réalisent des classifications, créent des catégories, selon trois registres : « psychologique », « culturaliste » et « socioéconomique ». Ces représentations des familles « issues de l'immigration » qu’ont les intervenants locaux peuvent à leur tour irriguer (et être influencées par) d’autres acteurs, institutionnels notamment.
À la recherche de la psychologie : les journaux intimes de Paul Bourget ou la préparation d’une méthode
Authors: Valenzuela Castelletto Adrián 
Published: April 2023

Les journaux intimes de Paul Bourget sont une source inédite de connaissance sur sa vie et sur son œuvre, notamment en ce qui concerne la période comprise entre les années 1870 et 1892. Ils reproduisent la tension intime de l’auteur du Disciple : entre désagrégation personnelle et conviction morale, ils annoncent et préparent le théoricien littéraire ainsi que le romancier moraliste. Dans quelle mesure ces documents peuvent-ils jeter une lumière dans le laboratoire du roman ? Comment contribuent-ils à préciser l’idée d’une nouvelle critique et donc d’une méthode psychologique ? Dans cet article, nous nous intéresserons particulièrement à la généalogie de la critique et du roman psychologique par une double étape : l’introspection déprimée du moi intime ; puis le synthétisme tourné vers l’extérieur de quelques lectures éclairantes, telles que Goethe, Marc Aurèle et Taine.
Environment Affects Sucker Catch Rate, Size Structure, Species Composition, and Precision in Boat Electrofishing Samples
Authors: Zentner Douglas L. , Brewer Shannon K. , Shoup Daniel E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCatostomidae (catostomids) are suckers of the order Cypriniformes, and the majority of species are native to North America; however, species in this group are understudied and rarely managed. The popularity in bowfishing and gigging for suckers in the United States has increased concerns related to overfishing. Little information exists about the relative gear effectiveness for sampling catostomids. We sought to evaluate the relative effectiveness of boat electrofishing for sampling Black Redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei, Golden Redhorse M. erythrurum, Northern Hogsucker Hypentelium nigricans, White Sucker Catostomus commersonii, and Spotted Sucker Minytrema melanops populations in Lake Eucha, Oklahoma. We used an information theoretic approach to determine the abiotic variables related to sucker catch per effort (C/f). Our analysis indicated that sucker C/f was highest during the night and decreased with increasing water temperature. Sucker size structure was significantly different between daytime and nighttime samples; however, effect size estimates for size structure comparisons indicated that size distributions exhibited moderate overlap. Distributional comparisons indicated that daytime and nighttime samples were similar for fish greater than 180 mm in total length. Effect size estimates also indicated little association between the proportion of each species captured and time of day or water temperature. Night electrofishing in reservoirs at water temperatures from 16 to 25°C yielded the most precise C/f estimates, with the highest numbers of suckers collected at water temperatures from 6 to 15°C. Further study of the relationship between abiotic variables and catostomid catchability using various gears will be beneficial to agencies interested in these populations.
Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus Infections in Blood Donors and the Newborn versus Utility of Leukocyte-reduced Blood Transfusion in the Premature Newborn: An Observation from Eastern India
Authors: Das Arijit , Munian Dinesh , Maity Chikam , Pandey Sumita , Paul Sandip , Bhattacharya Prasun 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose and Objectives:
Leukocyte-reduced blood components prevent the transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection; however, provision of universal leukoreduced blood involves a huge resource constraint to developing countries. The present study aimed to identify the seroprevalence of CMV among voluntary blood donors and newborns who were transfused with nonleukoreduced blood in the recent past (control). With the availability of leukoreduced blood, the pre- and posttransfusion CMV serology was analyzed in the newborn (cohort) who had received entirely leukoreduced blood to understand its utility.

Methods:
Eight hundred and fifty-two healthy blood donors and 40 newborns (control) who received nonleukoreduced blood in the recent past were observed for the seroprevalence of CMV. In the other arm, 45 newborns (premature) were transfused with leukoreduced blood and observed for CMV seroprevalence during both pre- and posttransfusion periods. To identify the evidence of recent infection in these population, CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity was performed in a proportion of the participants in all the groups. Quality control of the leukoreduced blood components was also checked as per standards.

Results:
The overall seroprevalence of CMV in blood donors, posttransfused newborns (control), and the cohort group was high. In the blood donors, a limited number of CMV IgG avidity tests showed a high infectivity rate (85.19%). A similar result was also observed in the newborn population in both the groups for recent CMV infections.

Conclusion:
The present study showed a high prevalence of CMV infections in blood donors and newborns. The leukoreduced blood transfusion might be effective for preventing other serious adverse outcomes except CMV.
Evaluation of Radiation Dose Reduction and its Effect on Image Quality for Different Flat-Panel Detectors
Authors: Pearlin R. Benedicta , Livingstone Roshan Samuel , Jasper Anita , Keshava Shyam Kumar N. , Sridhar Gibikote 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the image quality of semi-anatomical chest radiographs acquired using low radiation doses from seven different flat-panel detector (FPD) systems.

Materials and Methods:
Radiographs of a semi-anatomical chest phantom were acquired at 70 and 110 kVp using 7 different FPDs from 5 vendors. Radiation doses were measured using a dose-area-product (DAP) meter. To standardize measurements across all FPDs, DAP value of 51.05 μGym2 obtained at 70 kVp and 9.43 μGym2 at 110 kVp was used as reference in this study. Radiation doses were reduced by manually adjusting mAs for both tube potentials in all FPD systems to achieve acceptable image quality. Contrast-to-noise ratio, signal-to-noise ratio and figure of merit (FOM) in lung, heart, and diaphragm for all images were analyzed.

Results:
In comparison with set standard protocol, radiation dose reduction of 20%, 21%, 21.6%, 59.5%, 60.7%, 62.2%, and 67.6% with optimal image quality was observed in Prognosys Prorad, GE Definium 8000, Siemens Fusion, Fujifilm FGX, Fujifilm FGXR, Philips Digital Diagnost and Siemens Aristos at 70 kVp. At 110 kVp, dose reduction of 15.7% and 34.8% was possible only for Philips Digital Diagnost and Siemens Aristos. FOM was high at 110 kVp even when radiation doses were reduced by a factor 2 when compared to 70 kVp in all digital radiography systems.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a semi-anatomical chest phantom in the optimization of radiation dose and image quality. The FOM was a good indicator in assessing image quality between different detectors.
The effects of omega 3 fatty acids on the serum concentrations of pro inflammatory cytokines anddepression status in patients with bipolar disorder: A randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial
Authors: Eslahi Hadi , Shakiba Mansour , Saravani Mohsen , Payandeh Abolfazl , Shahraki Mansour 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The inflammation accelerates the progression of bipolar disorder. Supplementation of anti-inflammatory supplements in adjuvant with medications may alleviate disorder signs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression status in patients with bipolar disorder.

Materials and Methods:
This randomized clinical trial study was conducted in Zahedan city in 2021. Patients with bipolar disorder (n = 60) were grouped into two groups: omega-3 fatty acid supplement group (n = 30, 15 men and 15 women) and placebo one using a permuted block stratified randomization. The patients in the omega-3 group received 2 g of omega-3 fatty acids daily for 2 months while patients in the placebo group received 2 g soft gels daily in the same form. Depression score and the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assessed before and after the study.

Results:
Depression score and the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and hs-CRP were decreased after intervention in the omega-3 fatty acid group also compared with the placebo group (P < 0.001). The results also show a positive correlation between the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and hs-CRP with depression scores (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Prescription of omega-3 fatty acids can decrease inflammatory parameters and help to decrease depression in patients with bipolar disorder. This supplement can be used along with medications for decreasing the inflammatory markers in these patients.