bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Functional Carbon Nitride by Implanting Semi‐Isolated VO2 Active Sites for Photocatalytic H2 Production and Organic Pollutant Degradation
Authors: Jourshabani Milad , Asrami Mahdieh Razi , Lee Byeong‐Kyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is critical to facilitate surface interaction for liquid–solid two‐phase photocatalytic reactions. This study demonstrates more advanced, efficient, and rich molecular‐level active sites to extend the performance of carbon nitride (CN). To achieve this, semi‐isolated vanadium dioxide is obtained by controlling the growth of non‐crystalline VO2 anchored into sixfold cavities of the CN lattice. As a proof‐of‐concept, the experimental and computational results solidly corroborate that this atomic‐level design has potentially taken full advantage of two worlds. The photocatalyst comprises the highest dispersion of catalytic sites with the lowest aggregation, like single‐atom catalysts. It also demonstrates accelerated charge transfer with the boosted electron–hole pairs, mimicking heterojunction photocatalysts. Density functional theory calculations show that single‐site VO2 anchored into the sixfold cavities significantly elevates the Fermi level, compared with the typical heterojunction. The unique features of semi‐isolated sites result in a high visible‐light photocatalytic H2 production of 645 µmol h−1 g−1 with only 1 wt% Pt. They also represent an excellent photocatalytic degradation for rhodamine B as well as tetracycline, surpassing the activities obtained from many conventional heterojunctions. This study presents exciting opportunities for the design of new heterogeneous metal oxide for a variety of reactions.
Spinning Liquid Metal Droplets on Ice
Authors: Zhao Xi , Tan Sicong , Zhang Chenglin , Yao Yuchen , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe non‐contact and non‐wetting droplet motion isolated from the solid surface has a high degree of freedom and thus can exhibit many peculiar interfacial phenomena. Here, an experimental phenomenon of spinning liquid metal droplets on an ice block is discovered, which adopts the dual solid‐liquid phase transition of the liquid metal and the ice. The whole system is somewhat a variant of the classic Leidenfrost effect, which directly uses the latent heat released by the spontaneous solidification of the liquid metal droplet as a heat source to melt the ice and create an intervening lubricant water film. Interestingly, it is found that the droplets on ice become very mobile and undergo rapid spin as the solidification process proceeds. A series of comparative experiments clarify that the circumferential driving force comes from the escaping bubbles as the ice melts. Furthermore, by comparing the motion characteristics of different kinds of liquid metal droplets and solid balls on ice and investigating their physical properties and heat transfer, it is disclosed that the spin effect can be universal for objects of different materials, as long as the two necessary elements of rapid liquid film establishment and gas bubble release can be satisfied simultaneously.
CO2‐neutrale Mobilität als Herausforderung und Chance
Authors: Hosenfeldt Tim 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungFür eine CO2‐neutrale und nachhaltige Mobilität bieten sich drei Konzepte an: Erstens, die direkte Nutzung der elektrischen Energie für batterieelektrische Fahrzeuge (BEV). Zweitens, über die Wandlung des regenerativ erzeugten Stroms in grünen Wasserstoff als Energieträger für brennstoffzellenelektrische Fahrzeuge (FCEV) und drittens, über die Erzeugung von synthetischen Kraftstoffen aus grünem Wasserstoff. Dabei werden sich die Technologien nach Fahrzeuggewicht, Wegstrecke und notwendiger Antriebsleistung ergänzen. Unabhängig vom Antriebskonzept bietet die Plasmaoberflächentechnik herausragende Möglichkeiten für die Optimierung hochbeanspruchter tribologi‐scher Systeme. So haben sich Triondur PVD‐ und PACVD‐ Schichtsysteme in der Automobilindustrie, wo sie anfänglich zur Vermeidung von Verschleiß eingesetzt wurden, zu einem immer wertvolleren Konstruktionselement zur Steigerung der Energieeffizienz und CO2‐Einsparung durch Reibungsreduzierung entwickelt. So wurden 2018 mehr als 150 Millionen mit Tri‐ondur beschichtete Bauteile weltweit ausgeliefert.Für die Defossilisierung der Energiekette durch Elektrolyseure und Brennstoffzellen wird die Plasmaoberflächentechnik eine wichtige Schlüsselrolle spielen, um die hohen Anforderungen an die geforderten elektrochemischen Eigenschaften und Qualitätsstandards zu erfüllen.Für eine CO2‐neutrale und nachhaltige Mobilität wird die Plasma‐Oberflächentechnik unabhängig vom Antriebskonzept immer eine wichtige Schlüsseltechnologie sein und bleiben.
Ultrasound‐guided parasternal block in a cat undergoing median sternotomy for pulmonary lobectomy
Authors: Degani Massimiliano , Dupont Julien , Giansetto Thomas , Claeys Stéphanie , Sandersen Charlotte 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA 3.25‐kg, 1‐year‐old, European shorthair cat was referred for acute respiratory distress. A thoracic computed tomography revealed the presence of multiple pulmonary abscesses, and a median sternotomy for pulmonary lobectomy was scheduled. The cat was premedicated with methadone and dexmedetomidine, anaesthesia was induced with alfaxalone and maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Ultrasound‐guided parasternal block was performed before surgery with ropivacaine 0.5% (total dose 3 mg/kg). Rescue analgesia was needed only during abscess debridement and lung lobectomy. Postoperative pain was assessed every hour, using the short‐form Glasgow Feline Composite Measure Pain Scale. The cat required rescue analgesia (0.2 mg/kg methadone) 7 hours after the completion of the block. This case report describes the feasibility of ultrasound‐guided parasternal block in a cat undergoing median sternotomy, suggesting that it can usefully be added to a multimodal analgesic plan in the perioperative period.
Instability analysis of quasicrystal nano‐switch with thermal effect and surface distributed forces
Authors: Huang Yunzhi , Zheng Huayong , Chen Xiuhua , Feng Miaolin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuasicrystal (QC) is a special kind of material with excellent properties such as high hardness, high corrosion resistance, and low surface energy, and becomes promising additions in various nanodevices. In previous lectures, little studies on the dynamic behaviors of nanoscale QC devices were investigated. Based on the nonlocal elasticity theory, nonlinear pull‐in instabilities of QC nano‐switch considering the thermal effect and surface distributed forces are investigated in this paper. The governing equations of the model are derived via the variational principle and the generalized differential quadrature methods. Results reveal that the van der Waals force and the Casimir force reduce the pull‐in voltage and pull‐in phonon and phason displacements of QCs. Moreover, the pull‐in voltage increases with the reduction in phonon‐phason coupling elastic coefficients and the increment in phason elastic coefficients of QCs, indicating the considerable field‐dependence of nanostructures. Besides, the thermal correction of Casimir force and the surface residual tension have different effects on the displacements, and the micro‐mechanism of surface and small‐scale effects is discussed.
Integral Transforms Characterized by Convolution
Authors: Krukowski Mateusz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInspired by Jaming’s characterization of the Fourier transform on specific groups via the convolution property, we provide a novel approach which characterizes the Fourier transform on any locally compact abelian group. In particular, our characterization encompasses Jaming’s results. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the cosine transform as well as the Laplace transform can also be characterized via a suitable convolution property.
Deep vein thrombosis and validation of the Caprini risk assessment model in Chinese orthopaedic trauma patients: a multi-center retrospective cohort study enrolling 34,893 patients
Authors: Zhang Xian , Hao Anqi , Lu Yihan , Huang Weifeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The risk of venous thromboembolism among orthopaedic trauma patients is high, but prevalence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains unknown. In addition, the Caprini risk assessment model (RAM) score in orthopaedic trauma patients is undetermined in previous research. This study is aimed to determine the incidence of DVT and then validate the Caprini RAM in orthopaedic trauma patients.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study enrolling orthopaedic trauma inpatients from seven tertiary and secondary hospitals during a 3-year period (from April 1, 2018 through April 30, 2021). Caprini RAM scores were assessed by experienced nurses on admission. The patients with suspected DVT were verified through duplex ultrasonography by qualified radiologists, and then prospectively followed once a year after discharge.

Results
In total, 34,893 patients were enrolled in our study. The Caprini RAM identified 45.7% of patients at low risk (Caprini score 0–2), 25.9% at medium risk (3–4), and 28.3% at high risk (5–6), highest risk (7–8), and superhigh risk (> 8). Patients with Caprini score > 5 were likely to be older, female, and with longer length of hospital stay. Moreover, 8695 patients had received ultrasonography to detect DVT. The prevalence of DVT was determined to be 19.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 18.2–19.9%], which significantly increased with Caprini score. The area under curve of the Caprini RAM for DVT was 0.77 (95% CI 0.76–0.78) with a threshold of 4.5. Furthermore, 6108 patients who had received ultrasonography completed the follow-up. DVT patients had a hazard ratio of 1.75 (95% CI 1.11–2.76; P = 0.005) in the mortality, compared to non-DVT ones. Caprini scores were significantly associated with increase in the mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.14; 95% CI 1.07–1.21; P < 0.001]; DVT remained an independent effect (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.02–2.26; P = 0.042).

Conclusions
The Caprini RAM may be valid in Chinese orthopaedic trauma patients. Prevalence of DVT and higher Caprini score were significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality among orthopaedic trauma patients after discharge. Further study is warranted to explore the causes of higher mortality in patients with DVT.
Partitioning the forms of genotype-by-environment interaction in the reaction norm analysis of stability
Authors: Waters Dominic L. , van der Werf Julius H. J. , Robinson Hannah , Hickey Lee T. , Clark Sam A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Key message
The reaction norm analysis of stability can be enhanced by partitioning the contribution of different types of G × E to the variation in slope.

Abstract
The slope of regression in a reaction norm model, where the performance of a genotype is regressed over an environmental covariable, is often used as a measure of stability of genotype performance. This method could be developed further by partitioning variation in the slope of regression into the two sources of genotype-by-environment interaction (G × E) which cause it: scale-type G × E (heterogeneity of variance) and rank-type G × E (heterogeneity of correlation). Because the two types of G × E have very different properties, separating their effect would enable a clearer understanding of stability. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate two methods which seek to achieve this in reaction norm models. Reaction norm models were fit to yield data from a multi-environment trial in Barley (Hordeum vulgare), with the adjusted mean yield from each environment used as the environmental covariable. Stability estimated from factor-analytic models, which can disentangle the two types of G × E and estimate stability based on rank-type G × E, was used for comparison. Adjusting the reaction norm slope to account for scale-type G × E using a genetic regression more than tripled the correlation with factor-analytic estimates of stability (0.24–0.26 to 0.80–0.85), indicating that it removed variation in the reaction norm slope that originated from scale-type G × E. A standardisation procedure had a more modest increase (055–0.59) but could be useful when curvilinear reaction norms are required. Analyses which use reaction norms to explore the stability of genotypes could gain additional insight into the mechanisms of stability by applying the methods outlined in this study.
Two major quantitative trait loci control wheat dwarf virus resistance in four related winter wheat populations
Authors: Buerstmayr Maria , Buerstmayr Hermann 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Key message
Qwdv.ifa-6A on chromosomes 6AL and Qwdv.ifa-1B on chromosome 1B are highly effective against wheat dwarf virus and act additively when combined.

Abstract
Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) is among the most damaging viral pathogens. Its prevalence has increased substantially in recent years, and it is predicted to increase even further due to global warming. There are limited options to control the virus. Growing resistant cultivars would safeguard crops, but most current wheat cultivars are highly susceptible. Thus, the aim of this study was to dissect the genetic architecture of WDV resistance in resistant germplasm and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) to support resistance breeding. QTL mapping was conducted using four related populations comprising 168, 105, 99 and 130 recombinant inbred lines. Populations were evaluated under field conditions for three years. Natural infestation was provoked by early autumn sowing. WDV symptom severity was visually assessed at two time points in spring. QTL analysis revealed two highly significant QTL with the major QTL Qwdv.ifa-6A mapping to the long arm of chromosome 6A between markers Tdurum_contig75700_411 (601,412,152 bp) and AX-95197581 (605,868,853 bp). Qwdv.ifa-6A descends from the Dutch experimental line SVP-72017 and was of high effect in all populations, explaining up to 73.9% of the phenotypic variance. The second QTL, Qwdv.ifa-1B, mapped to chromosome 1B and is putatively associated with the 1RS.1BL translocation, which was contributed by the CIMMYT line CM-82036. Qwdv.ifa-1B explained up to 15.8% of the phenotypic variance. Qwdv.ifa-6A and Qwdv.ifa-1B are among the first identified highly effective resistance QTL and represent valuable resources for improving WDV resistance in wheat.
Spectral Decomposition of Discrepancy Kernels on the Euclidean Ball, the Special Orthogonal Group, and the Grassmannian Manifold
Authors: Dick Josef , Ehler Martin , Gräf Manuel , Krattenthaler Christian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo numerically approximate Borel probability measures by finite atomic measures, we study the spectral decomposition of discrepancy kernels when restricted to compact subsets of $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

. For restrictions to the Euclidean ball in odd dimensions, to the rotation group $$\textrm{SO}(3)$$

SO
(
3
)

, and to the Grassmannian manifold $$\mathcal {G}_{2,4}$$

G

2
,
4

, we compute the kernels’ Fourier coefficients and determine their asymptotics. The $$L_2$$

L
2

-discrepancy is then expressed in the Fourier domain that enables efficient numerical minimization based on the nonequispaced fast Fourier transform. For $$\textrm{SO}(3)$$

SO
(
3
)

, the nonequispaced fast Fourier transform is publicly available, and, for $$\mathcal {G}_{2,4}$$

G

2
,
4

, the transform is derived here. We also provide numerical experiments for $$\textrm{SO}(3)$$

SO
(
3
)

and $$\mathcal {G}_{2,4}$$

G

2
,
4

.
Revisiting Turcotte’s approach: flood frequency analysis
Authors: Krajewski Witold F. , Otto Lindsay , Vishwakarma Srishti , Perez Gabriel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlood frequency estimation forms the basis for engineering design of hydraulic structures, including bridges and culverts, local and regional development planning, and flood insurance. In the United States, the Water Resources Council recommends using the Log-Pearson Type III (LP3) distribution as a standard for use with the annual peak flow data. However, researchers have argued for the use of more than one streamflow value in a year thus increasing the sample size and decreasing the sampling error in the estimates of the flood quantiles. In this study, conducted over Iowa, the authors revisit the method proposed by Donald Turcotte and others to use power-law distribution applied to streamflow peak values for events separated by a time window. In contrast to those earlier studies, the authors applied formal statistical approach based on the maximum likelihood method and Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic for parameter estimation. They also propose a novel simulation framework for the estimation of the sampling uncertainty of the power-law distribution. They apply the methodology to streamflow data from 62 USGS stream gauges in Iowa. The key finding of the study is that low-probability quantile estimates using Turcotte’s method result in conservative estimates when compared with LP3 distribution confirming the earlier outcomes.
Continuous dependence and convergence for Moore–Gibson–Thompson heat equation
Authors: Pellicer Marta , Quintanilla Ramon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate how the solutions vary when the relaxation parameter, the conductivity rate parameter, or the thermal conductivity parameter change in the case of the Moore-Gibson-Thompson heat equation. In fact, we prove that they can be controlled by a term depending upon the square of the variation of the parameter. These results concern the structural stability of the problem. We also compare the solutions of the MGT equation with the Maxwell-Cattaneo heat conduction equation and the type III heat equation (limit cases for the first two previous parameters) and we show how the difference between the solutions can be controlled by a term depending on the square of the limit parameter. This result gives a measure of the convergence between the solutions for the different theories.
DNA methylation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from donor peripheral blood to patient bone marrow: implications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Laurenzana Ilaria , De Luca Luciana , Zoppoli Pietro , Calice Giovanni , Sgambato Alessandro , Carella Angelo Michele , Caivano Antonella , Trino Stefania 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a life-saving treatment for selected hematological malignancies. So far, it remains unclear whether transplanted hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) undergo epigenetic changes upon engraftment in recipient bone marrow (BM) after AHSCT and whether these changes might be useful in the transplant diagnostics. The purpose of this study was to characterize the whole genome methylation profile of HSPCs following AHSCT. Moreover, the relationship between the observed methylation signature and patient outcome was analyzed. Mobilized peripheral blood (mPB)-HSPCs from seven donors and BM-HSPCs longitudinally collected from transplanted patients with hematological malignancies up to one year from AHSCT (a total of twenty-eight samples) were analyzed using DNA methylation based-arrays. The obtained data showed that DNA methylation of mPB-HSPCs differs between young and adult donors and changes following HSPC engraftment in the BM of recipient patients. Looking at methylation in promoter regions, at 30 days post-AHSCT, BM-HSPCs showed a higher number of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) compared to those of mPB-HSPCs, with a prevalent hyper-methylation. These changes were maintained during all the analyzed time points, and methylation became like the donors after one year from transplant. Functional analysis of these DMGs showed an enrichment in cell adhesion, differentiation and cytokine (interleukin-2, -5 and -7) production and signaling pathways. Of note, DNA methylation analysis allowed to identify a potential “cancer/graft methylation signature” of transplant failure. It was evident in the latest available post-transplant BM-HSPC sample (at 160 days) and surprisingly already in early phase (at 30 days) in patients whose transplant was doomed to fail. Overall, the analysis of HSPC methylation profile could offer useful prognostic information to potentially assess engraftment success and predict graft failure in AHSCT.
Outcomes of solitary postoperative recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed with FDG-PET/CT and treated with definitive radiation therapy
Authors: Ihara Hiroki , Yoshio Kotaro , Tanabe Shunsuke , Sugiyama Soichi , Hashimoto Masashi , Maeda Naoaki , Akagi Shinsuke , Takao Soshi , Noma Kazuhiro , Hiraki Takao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical resection of esophageal cancer is frequently performed to achieve a complete cure. However, the postoperative recurrence rate is 36.8–42.5%, leading to poor prognosis. Radiation therapy has been used to treat recurrences; solitary recurrence has been proposed as a prognostic factor for radiation therapy, though its significance is unclear. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is a highly accurate diagnostic modality for esophageal cancer. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the outcomes of solitary postoperative recurrences of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and treated with definitive radiation therapy.

Methods
We examined 27 patients who underwent definitive radiation therapy for single or multiple postoperative recurrences of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma between May 2015 and April 2021. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed within 3 months before the commencement of radiation therapy. Kaplan–Meier, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the overall survival and identify potential prognostic factors.

Results
The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 85.2%, 62.6%, and 47.3%, respectively, and solitary recurrence was the only significant factor associated with overall survival (P = 0.003). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates in patients with solitary recurrence were 91.7%, 80.2%, and 80.2%, respectively, and in patients with multiple recurrences they were 80.0%, 50.3%, and 25.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis also showed solitary recurrence as a significant factor for overall survival.

Conclusions
When diagnosed with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, solitary recurrence appears to have a more favorable prognosis than multiple recurrences.
Analysis and Numerical Approximation of Energy-Variational Solutions to the Ericksen–Leslie Equations
Authors: Lasarzik Robert , Reiter Maximilian E. V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe define the concept of energy-variational solutions for the Ericksen–Leslie equations in three spatial dimensions. This solution concept is finer than dissipative solutions and satisfies the weak-strong uniqueness property. For a certain choice of the regularity weight, the existence of energy-variational solutions implies the existence of measure-valued solutions and for a different choice, we construct an energy-variational solution with the help of an implementable, structure-inheriting space-time discretization. Computational studies are performed in order to provide some evidence of the applicability of the proposed algorithm.