bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Activity of a New Gd(III) Coordination Polymer with 6-Phenylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid and 4,4’-Bipyridine Ligands
Authors: Tai Xi-Shi , Wang Yuan-Fang , Wang Li-Hua , Yan Xi-Hai 
Published: August 2023

A new Gd(III) coordination polymer, {[Gd(L1)3(H2O)2]∙L2}n (1) (HL1 = 6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid, L2 = 4,4’-bipyridine) was synthesized using 6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid, 4,4’-bipyridine, NaOH and GdCl3∙6H2O. The structure of Gd(III) coordination polymer has been characterized by IR and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The result of single crystal analysis indicates that fundamental unit of Gd(III) coordination polymer contains one Gd(III) ion, three L1 ligands, two coordinated water molecules and one uncoordinated 4,4’-bipyridine. In 1, the Gd(III) ion is eight-coordinated and surrounded by six O atoms from three L1 ligands and two O atoms from two coordinated water molecules, respectively. The complex 1 exhibits 1D chained structure by the bridging interactions of two carboxyl-oxygen atoms and O−H∙∙∙N hydrogen bonds interactions. The 1D chains are further connected by - stacking interactions to form 3D network architecture. The photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity of complex 1 has also been investigated. The complex 1 exhibits good CO2 reduction activity. With the increase of time, the yield of CO from 18.2 mmol/g in the first hour to 60.3 mmol/g in the third hour. And the CO selectivity has reached 100%. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Association of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes With Labor Market Outcomes
Authors: Huckfeldt Peter J. , Yu Jeffrey C. , O’Leary Paul K. , Harada Ann S. M. , Pajewski Nicholas M. , Frenier Chris , Espeland Mark A. , Peters Anne , Bancks Michael P. , Seabury Seth A. , Goldman Dana P. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceAn intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) has been shown to improve diabetes management and physical function. These benefits could lead to better labor market outcomes, but this has not been previously studied.ObjectiveTo estimate the association of an ILI for weight loss in type 2 diabetes with employment, earnings, and disability benefit receipt during and after the intervention.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included participants with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity and compared an ILI with a control condition of diabetes support and education. Data for the original trial were accrued from August 22, 2001, to September 14, 2012. Trial data were linked with Social Security Administration records to investigate whether, relative to the control group, the ILI was associated with improvements in labor market outcomes during and after the intervention period. Difference-in-differences models estimating relative changes in employment, earnings, and disability benefit receipt between the ILI and control groups were used, accounting for prerandomization differences in outcomes for linked participants. Outcome data were analyzed from July 13, 2020, to May 17, 2023.ExposureThe ILI consisted of sessions with lifestyle counselors, dieticians, exercise specialists, and behavioral therapists on a weekly basis in the first 6 months, decreasing to a monthly basis by the fourth year, designed to achieve and maintain at least 7% weight loss. The control group received group-based diabetes education sessions 3 times annually during the first 4 years, with 1 annual session thereafter.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEmployment and receipt of federal disability benefits (Supplemental Security Income and Social Security Disability Insurance), earnings, and disability benefit payments from 1994 through 2018.ResultsA total of 3091 trial participants were linked with Social Security Administration data (60.1% of 5145 participants initially randomized and 97.0% of 3188 of participants consenting to linkage). Among the 3091 with fully linked data, 1836 (59.4%) were women, and mean (SD) age was 58.4 (6.5) years. Baseline clinical and demographic characteristics were similar between linked participants in the ILI and control groups. Employment increased by 2.9 (95% CI, 0.3-5.5) percentage points for the ILI group relative to controls (P = .03) with no significant relative change in disability benefit receipt (−0.9 [95% CI, −2.1 to 0.3] percentage points; P = .13).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest that an ILI to prevent the progression and complications of type 2 diabetes was associated with higher levels of employment. Labor market productivity should be considered when evaluating interventions to manage chronic diseases.
Esketamine vs Midazolam in Boosting the Efficacy of Oral Antidepressants for Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Xiao Chunfeng , Zhou Jia , Li Anning , Zhang Ling , Zhu Xuequan , Zhou Jingjing , Hu Yongdong , Zheng Yunying , Liu Jing , Deng Qiying , Wang Haibo , Wang Gang 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceLoss of a previously effective response while still using adequate antidepressant treatment occurs in a relatively high proportion of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD); therefore, there is a need to develop novel effective treatment strategies.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of a single subanesthetic dose of esketamine in boosting the efficacy of oral antidepressants for treating fluctuating antidepressant response in MDD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis single-center, double-blind, midazolam-controlled pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted at Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University in China. The study enrolled participants aged 18 years and older with fluctuating antidepressant response, defined as patients with MDD experiencing fluctuating symptoms after symptom relief and stabilization. Patient recruitment was conducted from August 2021 to January 2022, and participants were followed-up for 6 weeks. Data were analyzed as intention-to-treat from July to September 2022.InterventionsAll participants in the esketamine-treated group received intravenous esketamine at 0.2 mg/kg in 40 minutes. Participants in the midazolam control group received intravenous midazolam at 0.045 mg/kg in 40 minutes.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the response rate at 2 weeks, defined as a 50% reduction in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Secondary outcomes included response rate at 6 weeks, remission rates at 2 and 6 weeks, and change in MADRS and Clinical Global Impression–Severity score from baseline to 6 weeks; remission was defined by a MADRS score of 10 or lower.ResultsA total of 30 patients (median [IQR] age, 28.0 [24.0-40.0] years; 17 [56.7%] female) were randomized, including 15 patients randomized to midazolam and 15 patients randomized to esketamine; 29 patients completed the study. Response rates at 2 weeks were significantly higher in the esketamine-treated group than in the midazolam control group (10 patients [66.7%] vs 1 patient [6.7%]; P &amp;lt; .001). Participants treated with esketamine experienced significantly greater reduction in MADRS score from baseline to 2 weeks compared with those treated with midazolam (mean [SD] reduction, 15.7 [1.5] vs 3.1 [1.3]; P &amp;lt; .001). No serious adverse events were observed in this trial, and no psychotogenic effects and clinically significant manic symptoms were reported.Conclusions and RelevanceThis pilot randomized clinical trial found that a single subanesthetic dose of esketamine could boost the efficacy of oral antidepressants in treating fluctuating antidepressant response, with a good safety profile.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR2100050335
Treatment of Ruptured Wide‐Necked Aneurysms using a Microcatheter Injectable Biomaterial
Authors: Zhang Zefu , Albadawi Hassan , Fowl Richard J. , Mayer Joseph L. , Chong Brian W. , Oklu Rahmi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRuptured wide‐neck aneurysms (WNAs), especially in a setting of coagulopathy, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is shown that by trapping a sub‐millimeter clinical catheter inside the aneurysm sac using a flow diverter stent (FDS), instant hemostasis can be achieved by filling the aneurysm sac using a novel biomaterial, rescuing catastrophic bleeding in large‐animal models. Multiple formulations of a biomaterial comprising gelatin, nanoclay (NC), and iohexol are developed, optimized, and extensively tested in vitro to select the lead candidate for further testing in vivo in murine, porcine, and canine models of WNAs, including in a subset with aneurysm rupture. The catheter‐injectable and X‐ray visible versions of the gel embolic agent (GEA) with the optimized mechanical properties outperform control groups, including a subset that receive a clinically used liquid embolic (Onyx, Medtronic), with and without aneurysm rupture. A combinatorial approach to ruptured WNAs with GEA and FDS may change the standard of medical practice and save lives.
Enhancement of Efficiency and Stability for Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells by Using Improved Doping Method
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Wang Liang , Bi Huan , Baranwal Ajay Kumar , Kapil Gaurav , Sanehira Yoshitaka , Liu Jiaqi , Liu Dong , Shen Qing , Hayase Shuzi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, tin halide perovskite solar cells (PKSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to lead‐PKSCs. However, due to defects such as Sn4+ and iodide vacancies, their efficiency is lower than lead‐PKSCs. To address this issue, various strategies are proposed to improve the quality of perovskite, including copper iodide (CuI) doping. Unfortunately, the conventional solvent composition of DMF:DMSO = 4:1 has limited the solubility of CuI, resulting in inconsistent results and limited efficiency improvements. However, this research proposed a preprocessing method of CuI to decrease the defects and improve the perovskite layer's morphology. As a result, the efficiency of tin‐PKSCs with both P‐I‐N and hole transport layer (HTL) free structures is enhanced, increasing from 9.8% to 13.1% and 9.4% to 10.5%, respectively. Moreover, the doped tin‐PKSCs have exhibited better stability, retaining 75% of their initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) after being stored in a glovebox for 102 days.
Transition to a market economy and chronic psychosocial stress in northern Laos: An exploratory study of urinary free cortisol in rural residents
Authors: Kibe Mihoko , Mizuno Yuki , Masuoka Hiroaki , Kosaka Satoko , Natsuhara Kazumi , Hirayama Kazuhiro , Inthavong Nouhak , Kounnavong Sengchanh , Tomita Shinsuke , Umezaki Masahiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe indigenous population in northern Laos has experienced a transition from self‐sufficiency to a market‐oriented economy, which may have brought about unprecedented chronic psychosocial stress. This study examined the association between the transition to a market economy and urinary free cortisol (UFC) concentration as a stress biomarker among rural residents of three villages with different degrees of integration into the market economy.MethodsAn interview survey and urine sample collection were conducted in August 2018 and March 2019. We measured the UFC concentration in spot urine samples collected in the morning from participants aged 20–60 years (n = 168) using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine differences in UFC concentrations among villages by sex, with time of arrival for the survey, age, and body mass index included as covariates.ResultsThe UFC concentration was higher in men living in the village with the highest degree of integration into the market economy than in those in the two villages with a lower dependence on cash, possibly linking increased stress levels with a change in employment type. This trend was not observed in women.ConclusionSocioeconomic changes incidental to a transition to a market economy may increase the stress levels of men in northern Laos.
Epidemiology of spinal muscular atrophy caused by SMN1 deletions in Maritime Canada
Authors: McKee‐Muir Olivia , Dyack Sarah , Taillon Monique , Brock Jo‐Ann , Sheriko Jordan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA), caused primarily by deletions in SMN1, leads to progressive loss of lower motor neurons. Newborn screening for SMA is under consideration for the Maritime Newborn Screening Program. The incidence of this disease has not been explored in Maritime Canada which includes the provinces of Nova Scotia (NS), New Brunswick (NB), and Prince Edward Island (PEI). In this retrospective chart review, patients were identified from the IWK Clinical Genomics Lab and Maritime Medical Genetics Service databases for SMN1 genetic testing between 2000 and 2020. The incidence of SMA in Maritime Canada was 1:11,900. Among patients born between 2000 and 2020, NB and PEI had lower proportions of type 1 SMA (12% and 0%, respectively) when compared to NS (50%). The majority of type 1 patients had 2 copies of SMN2, the majority of type 2 patients had 3 copies, and the majority of type 3 patients had 4 copies. There was a delay to molecular diagnosis for all subtypes, longest in type 3. This study provides the best available SMA epidemiology in Maritime Canada and expands our understanding of the pattern of disease severity relative to SMN2 copy number in this region.
AI‐based assessments of speech and language impairments in dementia
Authors: Parsapoor Mahboobeh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent advancements in the artificial intelligence (AI) domain have revolutionized the early detection of cognitive impairments associated with dementia. This has motivated clinicians to use AI‐powered dementia detection systems, particularly systems developed based on individuals' and patients' speech and language, for a quick and accurate identification of patients with dementia. This paper reviews articles about developing assessment tools using machine learning and deep learning algorithms trained by vocal and textual datasets.
Synthesis of Levulinic Acids From Muconic Acids in Hot Water
Authors: Ver Elst Céderic , Vroemans Robby , Bal Mathias , Sergeyev Sergey , Mensch Carl , Maes Bert U. W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLevulinic acid is a key biorenewable platform molecule. Its current chemical production from sugars is plagued by limited yields, char formation and difficult separations. An alternative and selective route starting from muconic acid via simple heating in water at high temperature (180 °C) has been developed. Muconic acid can be obtained from sugars or catechol fermentation. Chemical oxidation of catechol is another possibility which advantageously can also be applied on substituted catechols, hereby providing substituted muconic acids. When applying the disclosed hydrothermal protocol on these substrates hitherto unknown substituted levulinic acids were accessed. In particular, 3‐propyllevulinic acid has been synthesized from 4‐propylcatechol, prepared from pine wood. This propylated derivative has been used for the synthesis of a 3‐propyllevulinate diester, i.e. butane‐1,4‐diyl bis(4‐oxo‐3‐propylpentanoate), via esterification with 1,4‐butanediol. The diester showed superior performance as plasticizer in comparison to the corresponding levulinate diester in both PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and PLA (polylactic acid). It plasticizes equally effective as the notorious commercial phthalate‐based benchmark DEHP (di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate) in PVC.
Anion‐(π)n‐π Catalytic Micelles
Authors: Tan Mei‐Ling , Ángeles Gutiérrez López M. , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnion‐π catalysis operates by stabilizing anionic transition states on π‐acidic aromatic surfaces. In anion‐(π)n‐π catalysis, π stacks add polarizability to strengthen interactions. In search of synthetic methods to extend π stacks beyond the limits of foldamers, the self‐assembly of micelles from amphiphilic naphthalenediimides (NDIs) is introduced. To interface substrates and catalysts, charge‐transfer complexes with dialkoxynaphthalenes (DANs), a classic in supramolecular chemistry, are installed. In π‐stacked micelles, the rates of bioinspired ether cyclizations exceed rates on monomers in organic solvents by far. This is particularly impressive considering that anion‐π catalysis in water has been elusive so far. Increasing rates with increasing π acidity of the micelles evince operational anion‐(π)n‐π catalysis. At maximal π acidity, autocatalytic behavior emerges. Dependence on position and order in confined micellar space promises access to emergent properties. Anion‐(π)n‐π catalytic micelles in water thus expand supramolecular systems catalysis accessible with anion‐π interactions with an inspiring topic of general interest and great perspectives.
Effect of thermal stretching on properties of poly (arylene ether nitrile)/aramid staple fiber composites
Authors: Mo Chao , Wu Chenjiang , He Liang , Wu Hanrong , Tong Lifen , Liu Xiaobo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSemi‐crystalline poly (arylene ether nitrile) (PEN) with outstanding thermal stability and mechanical properties are expected to be used in structural materials. Increasing the crystallinity of PEN helps improve the processability of the materials as well as the thermal and mechanical properties of the products. In present work, the comprehensive properties of PEN composites are improved by the introduction of aramid staple fiber combined with hot stretching method. The effects of aramid fiber content and hot stretch multiplicity on the properties of the composite were investigated. The result shows that when the mass fraction of aramid fiber (AF) powder is 0.3% (PEN/AF3), the composites have the best overall performance, including thermal and mechanical properties. In addition, when the tensile ratio was 300% (PEN/AF3‐300), the properties of the samples are greatly improved, with the crystallinity increasing to 36.1%, the thermal decomposition temperature of 5% (Td5%) increasing by 10°C, and the tensile strength increasing to 195.40 MPa, which is 87.34% higher than that of the non‐thermal tensile composites. Therefore, this work provides a technical route for the preparation of high performance semi‐crystalline PEN composites, which is beneficial for the development of PEN applications.
Toughening modification of epoxy resins by epoxy‐terminated hyperbranched polyethers fabricated by doping sorbitol with inositol
Authors: Lu Siyuan , Wu Gang , Niu Fangfang , Liu Yangdong , Liu Xingsheng , Xu Wan , Chen Zhenbin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIncreasing social awareness concerning the design of excellent performance toughening agents to curb the adverse effects of insufficient toughness on the wide range of applications of epoxy resin (EP). Herein, a small amount of sorbitol was doped into carbocyclic inositol as a core monomer, and bisphenol‐A and epichlorohydrin were used to produce epoxide‐terminated hyperbranched polyether by one‐pot preparation method. After that, the prepared polymer was used as modifier to improve the toughness and strength of petroleum‐based EPs. Results demonstrated that after adding the homemade epoxy‐terminated hyperbranched polyether (EHBPE) to the EP, the polyether prepared with the ratio of sorbitol and inositol displayed significant advantages compared with the polyether with monomers using only sorbitol and inositol, respectively. In particular, the impact, and tensile strengths of EHBPE‐IS/EP cured sample with EHBPE‐IS loading at 20% were increased by 197.5%, 139.6%, respectively, compared with those of neat EP. In brief, EHBPE‐IS, a member of the family of EHBPEs, provided a facile method for the preparation of bifunctional modifier for tough and strong EP with promising industrial applications.
Risk factors and clinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorder with regression in China
Authors: Han Lu , Guan Luyang , Zhang Ziyi , Li Wenqing , Li Jinhui , Bao Chenxi , Ye Mei , Tang Min , Ke Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder with regression (ASD‐R) is characterized by the loss of previously acquired skills during the initial year of life. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, patterns of regression, and potential risk factors associated with ASD‐R in the Chinese Han population. A case–control study was conducted between September 2020 and March 2022. A total of 186 children were enrolled, including 58 children with ASD‐R, 70 with ASD without regression (ASD‐NR), and 58 typically developing children. Demographic information, clinical characteristics, and potential risk factors related to ASD‐R were assessed using a combination of questionnaires, interviews, and physician assessments. The results revealed that children with ASD‐R exhibited more severe impairments in social communication and stereotyped behaviors compared with those with ASD‐NR. Language regression, constituting 40% of cases within the ASD‐R group, was found to be the most common type of regression. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that fever (OR = 4.01, 95% CI: 1.26–12.76) and diarrhea (OR = 6.32, 95% CI: 1.38–29.03) were identified as significant risk factors for ASD‐R. These findings contribute to our understanding of the heterogeneity of ASD and highlight the importance of considering immune responses and gastrointestinal factors in the etiology of ASD‐R.
Specificity of affective dynamics of bipolar and major depressive disorder
Authors: Stapp Emma K. , Zipunnikov Vadim , Leroux Andrew , Cui Lihong , Husky Mathilde M. , Dey Debangan , Merikangas Kathleen R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveHere, we examine whether the dynamics of the four dimensions of the circumplex model of affect assessed by ecological momentary assessment (EMA) differ among those with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsParticipants aged 11–85 years (n = 362) reported momentary sad, anxious, active, and energetic dimensional states four times per day for 2 weeks. Individuals with lifetime mood disorder subtypes of bipolar‐I, bipolar‐II, and MDD derived from a semistructured clinical interview were compared to each other and to controls without a lifetime history of psychiatric disorders. Random effects from individual means, inertias, innovation (residual) variances, and cross‐lags across the four affective dimensions simultaneously were derived from multivariate dynamic structural equation models.ResultsAll mood disorder subtypes were associated with higher levels of sad and anxious mood and lower energy than controls. Those with bipolar‐I had lower average activation, and lower energy that was independent of activation, compared to MDD or controls. However, increases in activation were more likely to perpetuate in those with bipolar‐I. Bipolar‐II was characterized by higher lability of sad and anxious mood compared to bipolar‐I and controls but not MDD. Compared to BD and controls, those with MDD exhibited cross‐augmentation of sadness and anxiety, and sadness blunted energy.ConclusionBipolar‐I is more strongly characterized by activation and energy than sad and anxious mood. This distinction has potential implications for both specificity of intervention targets and differential pathways underlying these dynamic affective systems. Confirmation of the longer term stability and generalizability of these findings in future studies is necessary.