bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A discourse analysis of suicide ideation assessment among first year health professional students enrolled in a communications course
Authors: Paulus Trena , Hebah Al-Khateeb  , Jessica Lester  , Rick  Hess  , Alicia Williams  
Published: January 2023

Background: Suicide risk assessments require a complex set of skills around a sensitive matter which can be difficult for providers. Aim: Research investigating communication techniques and the language choices used to assess for suicide ideation is limited. Methods: We analyzed 121 video-recorded and transcribed final exams from a communication skills course for first year health professional students to identify patterns and variation in the language choices made to assess for suicidal ideation in standardized patients exhibiting symptoms of depression. Results: We found that 66 of the 121 (55%) interviews included a suicide assessment. We noted key patterns and variation around when the assessments took place (while exploring depressive symptoms or as a topic shift), how they were prefaced (with ubiquity statements, normalization statements, or expressions of care and concern), and how the question itself was structured (with a negative preference structure, in a non-polar format, or ambiguously). Conclusions: Assessing for suicide is a delicate task for both patients and providers, both of whom may be reluctant to engage around the topic. Utilizing normalization statements as well as statements of care and concern is a good approach to assess suicide idation while exploring depressive symptoms.
« QUELQU’UN EST MORT, PERSONNE EST SUSPECT »
Authors:   Collectif Obèle1
Published: January 2023

Comment s’y prend-on pour écrire le scénario d’une performance basée sur un dispositif littéraire et qui doit être interprétée au sein d’un jeu vidéo ? Quels concepts méthodologiques, quelles contraintes liées à des mécaniques de jeu, quels paramètres d’écriture doivent être mis à contribution dans le cadre d’une telle démarche ? Le Collectif Obèle, initiative de recherche-création qui a comme ambition de proposer des projets visant l’hybridation de la littérature et du jeu vidéo grâce à des interpolations où du contenu littéraire est inséré dans des environnements vidéoludiques, entreprend de répondre à ces questions dans cet article. En abordant le projet intitulé « Quelqu’un est mort, personne est suspect », campé dans le jeu d’enquête interactif et multijoueur Among Us, des membres du Collectif Obèle expliquent les paramètres à considérer et les défis à relever afin de mener à bien l’écriture d’un scénario dans un contexte médiatique particulier.
The impact of lag time to cancer diagnosis and treatment on clinical outcomes prior to the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Tope Parker , Farah Eliya , Ali Rami , El-Zein Mariam , Miller Wilson H , Franco Eduardo L 
Published: January 2023

Background:The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted cancer care, raising concerns regarding the impact of wait time, or ‘lag time’, on clinical outcomes. We aimed to contextualize pandemic-related lag times by mapping pre-pandemic evidence from systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses on the association between lag time to cancer diagnosis and treatment with mortality- and morbidity-related outcomes.Methods:We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews for reviews published prior to the pandemic (1 January 2010–31 December 2019). We extracted data on methodological characteristics, lag time interval start and endpoints, qualitative findings from systematic reviews, and pooled risk estimates of mortality- (i.e., overall survival) and morbidity- (i.e., local regional control) related outcomes from meta-analyses. We categorized lag times according to milestones across the cancer care continuum and summarized outcomes by cancer site and lag time interval.Results:We identified 9032 records through database searches, of which 29 were eligible. We classified 33 unique types of lag time intervals across 10 cancer sites, of which breast, colorectal, head and neck, and ovarian cancers were investigated most. Two systematic reviews investigating lag time to diagnosis reported different findings regarding survival outcomes among paediatric patients with Ewing’s sarcomas or central nervous system tumours. Comparable risk estimates of mortality were found for lag time intervals from surgery to adjuvant chemotherapy for breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancers. Risk estimates of pathologic complete response indicated an optimal time window of 7–8 weeks for neoadjuvant chemotherapy completion prior to surgery for rectal cancers. In comparing methods across meta-analyses on the same cancer sites, lag times, and outcomes, we identified critical variations in lag time research design.Conclusions:Our review highlighted measured associations between lag time and cancer-related outcomes and identified the need for a standardized methodological approach in areas such as lag time definitions and accounting for the waiting-time paradox. Prioritization of lag time research is integral for revised cancer care guidelines under pandemic contingency and assessing the pandemic’s long-term effect on patients with cancer.Funding:The present work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR-COVID-19 Rapid Research Funding opportunity, VR5-172666 grant to Eduardo L. Franco). Parker Tope, Eliya Farah, and Rami Ali each received an MSc. stipend from the Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University.
Development and Validation of a Deep Learning–Based Synthetic Bone-Suppressed Model for Pulmonary Nodule Detection in Chest Radiographs
Authors: Kim Hwiyoung , Lee Kye Ho , Han Kyunghwa , Lee Ji Won , Kim Jin Young , Im Dong Jin , Hong Yoo Jin , Choi Byoung Wook , Hur Jin 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceDual-energy chest radiography exhibits better sensitivity than single-energy chest radiography, partly due to its ability to remove overlying anatomical structures.ObjectivesTo develop and validate a deep learning–based synthetic bone-suppressed (DLBS) nodule-detection algorithm for pulmonary nodule detection on chest radiographs.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis decision analytical modeling study used data from 3 centers between November 2015 and July 2019 from 1449 patients. The DLBS nodule-detection algorithm was trained using single-center data (institute 1) of 998 chest radiographs. The DLBS algorithm was validated using 2 external data sets (institute 2, 246 patients; and institute 3, 205 patients). Statistical analysis was performed from March to December 2021.ExposuresDLBS nodule-detection algorithm.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe nodule-detection performance of DLBS model was compared with the convolution neural network nodule-detection algorithm (original model). Reader performance testing was conducted by 3 thoracic radiologists assisted by the DLBS algorithm or not. Sensitivity and false-positive markings per image (FPPI) were compared.ResultsTraining data consisted of 998 patients (539 men [54.0%]; mean [SD] age, 54.2 [9.82] years), and 2 external validation data sets consisted of 246 patients (133 men [54.1%]; mean [SD] age, 55.3 [8.7] years) and 205 patients (105 men [51.2%]; mean [SD] age, 51.8 [9.1] years). Using the external validation data set of institute 2, the bone-suppressed model showed higher sensitivity compared with that of the original model for nodule detection (91.5% [109 of 119] vs 79.8% [95 of 119]; P &amp;lt; .001). The overall mean of FPPI with the bone-suppressed model was reduced compared with the original model (0.07 [17 of 246] vs 0.09 [23 of 246]; P &amp;lt; .001). For the observer performance testing with the data of institute 3, the mean sensitivity of 3 radiologists was 77.5% (95% [CI], 69.9%-85.2%), whereas that of radiologists assisted by DLBS modeling was 92.1% (95% CI, 86.3%-97.3%; P &amp;lt; .001). The 3 radiologists had a reduced number of FPPI when assisted by the DLBS model (0.071 [95% CI, 0.041-0.111] vs 0.151 [95% CI, 0.111-0.210]; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceThis decision analytical modeling study found that the DLBS model was more sensitive to detecting pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs compared with the original model. These findings suggest that the DLBS model could be beneficial to radiologists in the detection of lung nodules in chest radiographs without need of the specialized equipment or increase of radiation dose.
Factors associated with abuse in the workplace in Bangladesh: An empirical investigation
Authors: Ahmed Md. Tuhin , Islam Samiha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWorkplace abuse is a much‐discussed global phenomenon in the world of work. Bangladesh, being a developing country that relies heavily on its labor resource, should have definite methods to protect the workers’ rights and safety. Unfortunately, weak frameworks are in place to prevent it, and the lack of awareness among the workers is helping the problem to establish its roots more firmly. Despite the gravity of workplace abuse and its consequences, comprehensive studies for addressing or understanding the problem at a national level is difficult to find in the context of Bangladesh. Using the latest nationally representative survey namely the Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) 2016–17, this study attempts to bridge the existing gaps through an empirical investigation of the factors associated with workplace abuse in Bangladesh. A total of 16,646 participants with males of 75.9% and females of 24.1% are used for the analysis. A probit model analysis has been applied in this paper to explore how the workers’ demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, as well as workplace features, may be associated with experiencing abuse in the workplace. The study finds that younger, less educated, females, elementary job‐holders, non‐governmental organization workers or those who work in the manufacturing, or services sector are more likely to be abused in the workplace. The study also concludes that the number of workers employed, and the hazardous workplace environment may be related to the probability of being abused. Furthermore, this study shows that full‐time workers, workers who are employed temporarily or have an oral contract may face abuse in the workplace more.
A Tunable Single‐Molecule Light‐Emitting Diode with Single‐Photon Precision
Authors: Yang Chen , Guo Yilin , Zhou Shuyao , Liu Zhirong , Liu Zitong , Zhang Deqing , Guo Xuefeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA robust single‐molecule light‐emitting diode (SM‐LED) with high color purity, linear polarization, and efficiency tunability is prepared by covalently integrating one fluorescent molecule into nanogapped graphene electrodes. Furthermore, single‐molecule Förster resonance energy transfer from the electroluminescent center to different accepters is achieved through rational molecular engineering, enabling construction of a multicolor SM‐LED. All these characterizations are accomplished in the photoelectrical integration system with high temporal/spatial/energy resolution, demonstrating the capability of the single‐photon emission of SM‐LEDs. The success in developing high‐performance SM‐LEDs inspires the development of the next generation of commercial display devices and promises a single‐photon emitter for use in quantum computation and quantum communication.
Hierarchical Composite Self‐Sorted Supramolecular Gel Noodles
Authors: Marshall Libby J. , Wallace Matthew , Mahmoudi Najet , Ciccone Giuseppe , Wilson Claire , Vassalli Massimo , Adams Dave J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMulticomponent supramolecular systems can be used to achieve different properties and new behaviors compared to their corresponding single component systems. Here, a two‐component system is used, showing that a non‐gelling component modifies the assembly of the gelling component, allowing access to co‐assembled structures that cannot be formed from the gelling component alone. The systems are characterized across multiple length scales, from the molecular level by NMR and CD spectroscopy to the microstructure level by SANS and finally to the material level using nanoindentation and rheology. By exploiting the enhanced mechanical properties achieved through addition of the second component, multicomponent noodles are formed with superior mechanical properties to those formed by the single‐component system. Furthermore, the non‐gelling component can be triggered to crystallize within the multicomponent noodles, allowing the preparation of new types of hierarchical composite noodles.
Tuning the Solar Performance of Building Facades through Polymer 3D Printing: Toward Bespoke Thermo‐Optical Properties
Authors: Piccioni Valeria , Leschok Matthias , Grobe Lars O. , Wasilewski Stephen , Seshadri Bharath , Hischier Illias , Schlüter Arno 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFaçades are the primary interface controlling the flow of solar energy in buildings and affecting their energy balance and environmental impact. Recently, large‐scale 3D printing (3DP) of translucent polymers has been explored as a technique for fabricating façade components with bespoke properties and functionalities. Transmissivity is essential for building facades, as the response to solar radiation is crucial to obtaining comfort and greatly affects electricity and cooling demands. However, it is still unclear how 3DP parameters affect the optical properties of translucent polymers. This study establishes an experimental procedure to relate the optical properties of PETG components to design and 3DP parameters. It is observed that printing parameters control layer deposition, which governs internal light scattering in the layers and overall light transmission. Moreover, the layer resolution determines angle‐dependent properties. It is shown that printing parameters can be tuned to obtain tailored optical properties, from high normal transparency (≈90%) to translucency (≈60%), and with a range of haze levels (≈55–97%). These findings present an opportunity for large‐scale 3DP of bespoke façades, which can selectively admit or block solar radiation and provide uniform daylighting of a space. In the context of the building sector decarbonization, such components hold great potential for reducing emissions while ensuring occupant comfort.
Occupational exposures to airborne per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)—A review
Authors: Paris‐Davila Tamara , Gaines Linda G. T. , Lucas Katherine , Nylander‐French Leena A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetically‐made chemicals with diverse functional properties that have become ubiquitous in our environment because of their widespread use. PFAS exposure has been associated with adverse health effects, and it is therefore vital to know how exposure may occur. Many studies have focused on environmental exposure from drinking water, but there is a paucity of data on inhalation exposure, especially in occupational settings.MethodsIn this study, through a comprehensive literature search, measured airborne (i.e., aerosols, volatiles, and dust) inhalation exposure and area levels were compiled for various occupations to compare reported levels of PFAS exposure. Airborne PFAS levels measured in various occupations such as ski waxing, textile manufacturing, firefighting, and floor waxing were analyzed and compared.ResultsResults of this review demonstrate that workers experience varying levels of PFAS exposure contingent on the workplace and industry and the work tasks performed within the workplace. Out of all occupations, ski waxing exhibited the highest total PFAS airborne concentrations when compared to all other reported occupational and residential exposures.ConclusionsFurther research is recommended to estimate the risk of PFAS exposures in the occupations reviewed and to identify other potential occupations at risk of PFAS exposure. In addition, informed recommendations to implement safety measures ought to be developed to protect workers from adverse health effects.
Knitting towards sustainability, circular economy and Industry 4.0
Authors: Pavko Čuden Alenka 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs part of the recent trend towards sustainability in modern society, in general, the knitting sector has done its part to emphasise social responsibility and the careful use of resources. Focus has been placed on reusing, recycling and upcycling raw materials and reducing or even eliminating knitting waste. Manufacturers and users have rethought processes, production and consumption volumes. Sustainable preparation and finishing processes have been developed. Knitting machines that offer environmentally friendly manufacturing techniques with less impact on people and the environment and production methods that significantly reduce the wasted or unproductive time between manufacturing phases have been favoured. Sustainability is not just a new approach or a trend that is fashionable right now, but a must, a compelling concept for the survival of businesses in the future. Knitting as a unique technology spans quite opposite poles: hand and machine production, hobby and money‐making, individual and mass production, assembled and seamless products, fashion and technical market, and so forth. As such, it can adapt, expand and evolve towards sustainability, circular economy and Industry 4.0. This paper provides an overview of the versatility and complexity of knitting today, as well as its sustainability potential, optimisation and merging within knitting and with other processes and opportunities for transition to the circular economy and Industry 4.0, covering digitalisation, the Internet of things and robotisation in knitting. It also analyses the market for knitting machines, knitted fabrics and knitted goods, and addresses the pitfalls of consumerism.
Manipulating Explosion Dynamics of Dissipative Soliton in an Ultrafast Fiber Laser with Dynamic Dispersion Engineering
Authors: Luo Min , Zhang Ze‐Xian , Chen Nai‐Miao , Liu Meng , Luo Ai‐Ping , Xu Wen‐Cheng , Luo Zhi‐Chao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs one of the most fascinating phenomena in dissipative systems, soliton explosions have been intensively investigated in the field of nonlinear optics owing to their intriguing dynamics. However, few efforts have been dedicated to precisely manipulating the dynamics of soliton explosion in fiber lasers. Herein, the exploding dynamics of dissipative soliton in a passively mode‐locked fiber laser by engineering the intracavity dispersion with a spectral pulse shaper is investigated. It is found that the exploding interval of the dissipative soliton can be well manipulated by dynamically engineering the cavity dispersion. The real‐time spectral dynamics of the soliton explosions are investigated by virtue of the dispersion Fourier transform (DFT) technique. The experimental results are further reproduced by the numerical simulations. These findings demonstrated that the dispersion engineering approach is a promising way to manipulate the soliton exploding behavior, and will also shed new light into the dynamics of soliton explosions in dissipative optical systems.
Phenols from Potentilla anserina L. Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Inhibit Differentiation in 3T3‐L1 Adipocytes in Vitro
Authors: Luan Guangxiang , Li Linlin , Yue Hongxia , Li Yongfang , Lü Huiling , Wang Yuwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPotentilla anserina L., a well‐known perennial herb, is widely used in traditional Tibetan medicine and used as a delicious food in humans. The present investigation reports on the activity of P. anserina phenols (PAP) in regulating glycolipid metabolism in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Insulin sensitivity tests showed that PAP improved insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake by promoting the phosphorylation of serine/threonine kinase Akt. Moreover, an assay involving the differentiation of 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes demonstrated that PAP also decreased the accumulation of lipid droplets by suppressing the expression of adipokines during the differentiation process. In addition, the underlying mechanism from the aspects of energy metabolism and oxidative stress is also discussed. The improvement in energy metabolism was supported by an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and intracellular ATP. Amelioration of oxidative stress was supported by decreased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In summary, our findings suggest that PAP can ameliorate the disorder of glycolipid metabolism in insulin resistant 3T3‐L1 adipocytes by improving energy metabolism and oxidative stress and might be an attractive candidate for the treatment of diabetes.
Ghrelin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose‐induced islet cells through the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Zang Pu , Yang Cuihua , Lei Haiyan , Guo Qingyu , Wang Wei , Shao Jiaqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGhrelin may have therapeutic value in mitigating insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, based on which we further explore the action mechanism of ghrelin on islet cells in this research. In the course of experiments, MIN6 cells were induced by glucose and then treated with acylated or unacylated ghrelin. The effects of ghrelin on the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and insulin release of high glucose‐induced islet cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit‐8, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine, flow cytometry, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Meanwhile, cells were treated with LY294002 to explore whether and how the inhibited phosphoinositide 3‐kinase–protein kinase B (PI3K–AKT) signaling pathway participated in the internal mechanism of ghrelin‐regulating islet cells. Western blotting was performed to quantify the expression levels of Bcl‐2, Bax, Cleaved caspase‐3, PI3K, and AKT. As a result, ghrelin alleviated high glucose‐induced suppression of viability and proliferation and promotion on apoptosis of MIN6 cells. Ghrelin also attenuated the inhibitory effects of high glucose on expression levels of PI3K–Akt signaling axis‐related proteins and insulin release in MIN6 cells. Besides, ghrelin weakened the impacts of high glucose on boosting MIN6 cell apoptosis and hindering proliferation through the PI3K–Akt signaling axis. Collectively, ghrelin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose‐induced islet cells through the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway.
General approach for atomically dispersed precious metal catalysts toward hydrogen reaction
Authors: Li Ruisong , Wu Daoxiong , Rao Peng , Deng Peilin , Li Jing , Luo Junming , Huang Wei , Chen Qi , Kang Zhenye , Shen Yijun , Tian Xinlong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a carbon‐free energy carrier, hydrogen has become the pivot for future clean energy, while efficient hydrogen production and combustion still require precious metal‐based catalysts. Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with high atomic utilization open up a desirable perspective for the scale applications of precious metals, but the general and facile preparation of various precious metal‐based SACs remains challenging. Herein, a general movable printing method has been developed to synthesize various precious metal‐based SACs, such as Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir, and Ru, and the features of highly dispersed single atoms with nitrogen coordination have been identified by comprehensive characterizations. More importantly, the synthesized Pt‐ and Ru‐based SACs exhibit much higher activities than their corresponding nanoparticle counterparts for hydrogen oxidation reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In addition, the Pd‐based SAC delivers an excellent activity for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Especially for the superior mass activity of Ru‐based SACs toward HER, density functional theory calculations confirmed that the adsorption of the hydrogen atom has a significant effect on the spin state and electronic structure of the catalysts.