bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated loss of the AUTS2 long isoform, brain-wide or targeted toCalbindin-lineage cells, generates a specific suite of brain, behavioral and molecular pathologies
Authors: Song Yunshu , Seward Christopher H. , Chen Chih-Ying , LeBlanc Amber , Leddy Analise M. , Stubbs Lisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRearrangements within theAUTS2region are associated with a rare syndromic disorder with intellectual disability, developmental delay and behavioral abnormalities as core features. In addition, smaller regional variants are linked to wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, underscoring the gene’s essential role in brain development. Like many essential neurodevelopmental genes,AUTS2is large and complex, generating distinct long (AUTS2-l) and short (AUTS2-s) protein isoforms from alternative promoters. Although evidence suggests unique isoform functions, the contributions of each isoform to specificAUTS2-linked phenotypes have not been clearly resolved. Furthermore,Auts2is widely expressed across the developing brain, but cell populations most central to disease presentation have not been determined. In this study, we focused on the specific roles of AUTS2-l in brain development, behavior, and postnatal brain gene expression, showing that brain-wide AUTS2-l ablation leads to specific subsets of the recessive pathologies associated with C-terminal mutations that disrupt both isoforms. We identify downstream genes that could explain expressed phenotypes including hundreds of putative direct AUTS2- l target genes. Furthermore, in contrast to C-terminalAuts2mutations which lead to dominant hypoactivity, AUTS2-l loss-of-function is associated with dominant hyperactivity, a phenotype exhibited by many human patients. Finally, we show that AUTS2-l ablation inCalbindin 1-expressing cell lineages is sufficient to yield learning/memory deficits and hyperactivity with abnormal dentate gyrus granule cell maturation, but not other phenotypic effects. These data provide new clues toin vivoAUTS2-l functions and novel information relevant to genotype-phenotype correlations in the humanAUTS2region.
Revealing Heavy Metal Resistances in the Yanomami Microbiome
Authors: Conteville Liliane Costa , Oliveira-Ferreira Joseli , Vicente Ana Carolina P 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Amazon hosts invaluable and unique biodiversity as well as mineral resources. As a consequence, there are large illegal and artisanal gold mining areas in indigenous territories. Mercury has been used in gold mining, and some are released into the environment and atmosphere, primarily affecting indigenous as the Yanomami. In addition, other heavy metals have been associated with gold mining and other metal-dispersing activities in the region.OBJECTIVEInvestigation of the Yanomami gut microbiome focusing on metal resistance.METHODSMetagenomic data from the Yanomami gut microbiome were assembled into contigs, and their putative proteins were matched to a database of metal resistance proteins.FINDINGSMost identified proteins have the potential to confer resistance to multiple metals (two or more), followed by mercury, copper, zinc, chromium, arsenic, and others. Operons with potential resistance to mercury, arsenic, chromium, nickel, zinc, copper, copper/silver, and cobalt/nickel were identified. Mercury resistance operon was the most abundant, even though a diversity of operons in the Yanomami microbiome was observed to have the potential to confer resistance to various metalsCONCLUSIONThe Yanomami gut microbiome gene composition shows that these people have been exposed directly or indirectly to mercury and other heavy metals.SponsorshipsThis study was partly financed by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); and PAEF (IOC-023-FIO-18-2-47).
Molecular basis for Gβγ-mediated activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ
Authors: Chen Chun-Liang , Syahirah Ramizah , Ravala Sandeep K. , Yen Yu-Chen , Klose Thomas , Deng Qing , Tesmer John J. G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe conversion of PIP2 to PIP3 by phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) is a critical step in neutrophil chemotaxis and is essential for metastasis in many types of cancer. PI3Kγ is activated via directed interaction with Gβγ heterodimers released from cell-surface G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) responding to extracellular signals. To resolve how Gβγ activates PI3Kγ, we determined cryo-EM reconstructions of PI3Kγ–Gβγ complexes in the presence of various substrates/analogs, revealing two distinct Gβγ binding sites, one on the p110γ helical domain and one on the C-terminal domain of the p101 subunit. Comparison of these complexes with structures of PI3Kγ alone demonstrates conformational changes in the kinase domain upon Gβγ binding similar to those induced by Ras·GTP. Assays of variants perturbing the two Gβγ binding sites and interdomain contacts that change upon Gβγ binding suggest that Gβγ not only recruits the enzyme to membranes but also allosterically controls activity via both sites. Studies in a zebrafish model examining neutrophil migration are consistent with these results. These findings set the stage for future detailed investigation of Gβγ-mediated activation mechanisms in this enzyme family and will aid in developing drugs selective for PI3Kγ.
Macrophages allocate independent of apoptosis and produce reactive oxygen species during interdigital phagocytosis
Authors: Hernández-García David , García-Meléndrez Celina , Hernández-Martínez Rocío , Collazo-Navarrete Omar , Covarrubias Luis 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTDuring programmed cell death (PCD), it is commonly accepted that macrophages are recruited by apoptotic cells to complete cell degradation. Interdigital cell death, a classical model of PCD, contributes to digit individualization in limbs of mammals and other vertebrates. Here we show that macrophages are present in interdigits before significant cell death occurs and remain after apoptosis inhibition. The typical interdigital phagocytic activity was not observed after a partial depletion of macrophages and was markedly reduced by engulfment/phagosome maturation inhibition, as detected by its association with high lysosomal activity. β-galactosidase activity in this region was also coupled with phagocytosis, against its relationship with cellular senescence. Interdigital phagocytosis correlated with high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), common in embryo regions carrying abundant cell death, suggesting that macrophages are the major source of ROS. ROS generation was dependent on NADPH oxidases and blood vessel integrity, but not directly associated with lysosomal activity. Therefore, macrophages prepattern regions where abundant cell death is going to occur, and high lysosomal activity and the generation of ROS by an oxidative burst-like phenomenon are activities of phagocytosis.Summary statementRecruitment of macrophages to the interdigital regions is not linked to apoptosis initiation and they phagocytize by a mechanism involving high lysosomal activity and an oxidative burst-like phenomenon.
Freezing of gait assessment with inertial measurement units and deep learning: effect of tasks, medication states, and stops
Authors: Yang Po-Kai , Filtjens Benjamin , Ginis Pieter , Goris Maaike , Nieuwboer Alice , Gilat Moran , Slaets Peter , Vanrumste Bart 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFreezing of gait (FOG) is an episodic and highly disabling symptom of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Traditionally, FOG assessment relies on time-consuming visual inspection of camera footage. Therefore, previous studies have proposed portable and automated solutions to annotate FOG. However, automated FOG assessment is challenging due to gait variability caused by medication effects and varying FOG-provoking tasks. Moreover, whether automated approaches can differentiate FOG from typical everyday movements, such as volitional stops, remains to be determined. To address these questions, we evaluated an automated FOG assessment model with deep learning (DL) based on inertial measurement units (IMUs). We assessed its performance trained on all standardized FOG-provoking tasks and medication states, as well as on specific tasks and medication states. Furthermore, we examined the effect of adding stopping periods on FOG detection performance.MethodsTwelve PD patients with self-reported FOG (mean age 69.33 ± 6.28 years) completed a FOG-provoking protocol, including timed-up-and-go and 360-degree turning-in-place tasks in On/Off dopaminergic medication states with/without volitional stopping. IMUs were attached to the pelvis and both sides of the tibia and talus. A multi-stage temporal convolutional network was developed to detect FOG episodes. FOG severity was quantified by the percentage of time frozen (%TF) and the number of freezing episodes (#FOG). The agreement between the model-generated outcomes and the gold standard experts’ video annotation was assessed by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsFor FOG assessment in trials without stopping, the agreement of our model was strong (ICC(%TF) = 0.92 [0.68, 0.98]; ICC(#FOG) = 0.95 [0.72, 0.99]). Models trained on a specific FOG-provoking task could not generalize to unseen tasks, while models trained on a specific medication state could generalize to unseen states. For assessment in trials with stopping, the model trained on stopping trials made fewer false positives than the model trained without stopping (ICC(%TF) = 0.95 [0.73, 0.99]; ICC(#FOG) = 0.79 [0.46, 0.94]).ConclusionA DL model trained on IMU signals allows valid FOG assessment in trials with/without stops containing different medication states and FOG-provoking tasks. These results are encouraging and enable future work investigating automated FOG assessment during everyday life.
ADARs employ a neural-specific mechanism to regulate PQM-1 expression and survival from hypoxia
Authors: Mahapatra Ananya , Dhakal Alfa , Noguchi Aika , Vadlamani Pranathi , Hundley Heather A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ability to alter gene expression programs in response to changes in environmental conditions is central to the ability of an organism to thrive. For most organisms, the nervous system serves as the master regulator in communicating information about the animal’s surroundings to other tissues. The information relay centers on signaling pathways that cue transcription factors in a given cell type to execute a specific gene expression program, but also provide a means to signal between tissues. The transcription factor PQM-1 is an important mediator of the insulin signaling pathway contributing to longevity and the stress response as well as impacting survival from hypoxia. Herein, we reveal a novel mechanism for regulating PQM-1 expression specifically in neural cells of larval animals. Our studies reveal that the RNA binding protein, ADR-1, binds topqm-1mRNA in neural cells. This binding is regulated by the presence of a second RNA binding protein, ADR-2, which when absent leads to reduced expression of bothpqm-1and downstream PQM-1 activated genes. Interestingly, we find that neuralpqm-1expression is sufficient to impact gene expression throughout the animal and affect survival from hypoxia; phenotypes that we also observe inadrmutant animals. Together, these studies reveal an important post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanism that allows the nervous system to sense and respond to environmental conditions to promote organismal survival from hypoxia.
Management education in technology-mediated ODL platform – implications for educators in context of shifting learning path and digital divide
Authors: Choudhury Smritishikha , Senapati Chayanika , Sarma Nripendra Narayan 
Published: May 2023

PurposeIn the last few decades, the growth in management institutions in India has become significant. The Open and Distance Learning (ODL) institutions also have started offering management programmes at various levels. In the ODL scenario, the learning path has been shifting from the traditional Self-Learning Material (SLM) -based model to technology-mediated platform. The digital divide in India is also a widely discussed area. In this context, a need has been felt to understand the implications for educators, more specifically, for the programmes offered through technology-enabled ODL mode.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses triangulation method covering literature review, personal interview and survey. Primary data have been collected through structured questionnaire in the Google Form administered on the learners of UG and PG progammes of management in Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University (KKHSOU), India. The sample size is 101, and the sampling frame is within Assam, a province of India. Select interviews (15 nos.) were also conducted with a cross section of learners to capture the emerging shift in the learning path and the limiting factors of digital divide.FindingsLearners possess multiple digital devices for e-learning (41.8% uses laptop and 88.8% uses android phone). Interaction in WhatsApp and Telegram groups are mostly related with evaluation and course administration, rather than content and academic discussion. eSLMs are widely used. Though promoted, video lectures are not widely used. Some of the problems faced by the learners are low bandwidth, high cost of data subscription etc. Learners are not constrained by digital device, and they are engaged in positive communication with stake holders in digital platform.Originality/valueThis study will help in understanding the technology-enabled learning for management education in ODL mode in India. As a wide majority of the learners (88%) are dependent on small screen; print SLM and eSLM on a larger screen can provide augmented learning in case of complex topics like analysis of financial statements, project scheduling etc. Though the COVID-19 pandemic forced a shift in learning path, the transition is not full. The digitally constrained learners still look for solutions to complex learning problems mainly through print SLM and counselling. The talent of the students cannot be facilitated in WhatsApp and Telegram e-mentoring groups, like the way it could be done in learning management system (LMS)-mediated platforms.
Community-based compassion-focussed therapy for adults with an intellectual disability: a literature review
Authors: Roberts Bethany 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This literature review aims to ascertain the outcomes and perspectives of community-based compassion-focused therapy (CFT) for adults with intellectual disabilities.

Design/methodology/approach
A comprehensive search of five databases was conducted systematically, with one additional study identified manually, yielding eight relevant studies. Methodological quality was appraised using two tools to account for heterogeneity in study designs.

Findings
Two studies conducted a CFT-derived task while six studies conducted full CFT interventions, of which two delivered group interventions. Qualitative findings were favourable towards CFT, though some quantitative outcomes were inconsistent across the literature and with qualitative results. It is concluded that CFT is perceived as valuable and appears to produce positive outcomes for adults with intellectual disabilities. However, larger, randomised control trials are required to establish CFT as an efficacious, evidence-based intervention.

Originality/value
This review provides insight into the outcomes and perspectives of CFT for individuals with an intellectual disability which has not been explicitly explored prior. Therefore, a holistic and specific examination of community-based CFT for individuals with intellectual disabilities is introduced to the literature.
Plugging the leak: leveraging the protean career concept in organizations
Authors: Acharya Ira , Jain Neera 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
The steady dropout of senior women from the corporate ladder motivated us to gain insights into their opting out decisions. This exploratory study revealed internal aspiration as a contributory factor of opting out beyond the well-established push and pull factors.

Design/methodology/approach
Nineteen senior women executives who had opted out of successful careers due to their internal aspirations were interviewed and grounded theory was leveraged to derive the emergent themes.

Findings
The spirit of autonomy and strong personal value emerged as a common thread amongst the women and the basis for their opting out decision. These factors led these senior women to embark upon newer pastures, which included entrepreneurship, dedication to a cause, a passion or academics. The findings were mapped with the protean career concept.

Practical implications
Recommendations would help organizations reimagine and strengthen the existing interventions for the retention of women at the senior levels while simultaneously empowering the women to align their career with their aspirations.

Originality/value
The study uniquely identifies the protean career concept as the force behind the journey undertaken by these women executives. This is in contrast with the push and pull factors that have been vastly studied as reasons for the opting out decisions.
Principles-based standards and accountants’ financial reporting judgments: does work experience matter?
Authors: Cianci Anna M. , Tsakumis George T. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine accountants’ application of principles-based accounting standards to a lawsuit contingency recognition scenario and the potential role that accounting work experience plays in mitigating accountants’ aggressive financial reporting.

Design/methodology/approach
This study presents a 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment with accounting experience (measured as high vs low) and contingency type (asset vs liability) as independent variables and accountants’ lawsuit contingency conservatism likelihood judgments and US$ recognition recommendations as the dependent variables.

Findings
Consistent with expectations, findings indicate that more experienced accountants are more likely to recognize liabilities and items that decrease income and less likely to recognize assets and items that increase income than their less experienced counterparts. Accountants also recommended recognizing lower (higher) mean US$ amounts for assets (liabilities), as expected. Supplemental analyses show a significant moderated-mediated effect whereby the interactive effect of contingency type and accounting experience on individuals’ US$ recognition recommendations is partially mediated through the nature of the conservatism judgment.

Practical implications
The finding that less experienced accountants report more aggressively than more experienced accountants when applying a principles-based standard supports the call for using judgment frameworks in imprecise standard settings and suggests that firms may want to ensure that accountants with adequate work experience are on hand as U.S. generally accepted accounting principles become more principles-based over time.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine the impact of accounting work experience on the application of principles-based accounting standards and the mitigation of aggressive financial reporting. Our supplemental analyses also identify the nature of the conservatism judgment as a mediating mechanism which partially explains more experienced accountants’ US$ asset and liability recognition recommendations.
Coalescence of CSR and happiness for corporate sustainability: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Kıymalıoğlu Aslıhan , Yetkin Özbük Raife Meltem 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe study aims to understand how corporate social responsibility (CSR) and happiness are used together in various research studies to serve the ultimate goal of corporate sustainability (CS), which in turn contributes to sustainable development.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review (SLR) was made using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method in the two most-reputable databases of Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, revealing a final list of 54 studies to analyse.FindingsThe review concludes that the literature on CSR and happiness provides three main findings: first, concerning the pillars of sustainability, most of the studies concentrate on people, neglecting the planet and profit, second, employees are subject to the highest number of studies as the target of CSR initiative and third, almost all studies employed the hedonic aspect of happiness in CSR literature.Research limitations/implicationsThis particular research finding points to the need for developing a comprehensive framework to assess stakeholder happiness from both hedonic and eudaimonic aspects from a CSR perspective which is then represented under the three pillars of sustainability.Practical implicationsTo contribute to the ultimate goal of CS, management would design CSR initiatives for all stakeholders to increase both hedonic and eudaimonic happiness of them.Originality/valueThe literature provides reviews of research in CSR and happiness separately; however, there is not any research revealing how these two concepts are used together in studies and how this association could be read to serve the goal of CS.
Female directors, the institutional environment and dividend policy: evidence from ASEAN-5 commercial banks
Authors: Syahfitri Athiyyah Riri , Risfandy Tastaftiyan 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of female directors on the dividend policies of 96 ASEAN-5 listed commercial banks between 2015 and 2020.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper developed an econometric model to assess the impact of female directors on the banks’ dividend policies. This paper regressed the payout variable on the female director, legal (institutional environment) variables and several control variables. This paper also considered the interaction between the female and legal variables to assess the moderating impact of the institutional environment.

Findings
This paper found that female directors positively affected dividend policy and that banks with female directors tended to pay dividends to balance stakeholders’ interests, especially for the minority. This paper also found that the influence of female directors was weaker in countries with strong institutional environments because greater legal protection for shareholders reinforced or replaced corporate governance mechanisms.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate gender diversity and its impact on dividend policy using data from ASEAN-5 countries.