bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining Optical and Acoustic Backscatter Measurements for Monitoring of Fine Suspended‐Sediment Concentration Under Changes in Particle Size and Density
Authors: Livsey D. N. , Turner R. D. R. , Grace P. R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOptical and acoustic backscatter measurements are routinely utilized to monitor suspended‐sediment concentration (M); however, both measurements are affected by changes in particle size and density. In this study, optical and acoustic backscatter measurements are combined to a single parameter, the sediment composition index (SCI), to quantify M, mean particle radius by number (ao), the fraction of sediment <20 μm by diameter (), and particle bulk apparent density (ρbulk). Data are analyzed from Chesapeake Bay and five rivers of Queensland, Australia. SCI is utilized to predict the ratio of M to acoustic backscatter under changes in ao and ρbulk (R2 ranged from 0.6 to 0.98 across all data sets) and combined with acoustic backscatter to predict estimates of M that are independent of changes in ao and ρbulk. SCI is proportional to log10(ao) and for SCI from acoustic backscatter measured at 6 MHz (R2 = 0.8 and 0.74, respectively, p‐value < 0.001, n = 133), while SCI(log10(ao)) and SCI() from acoustic backscatter measured at 2 MHz or lower are sensitive to changes in floc fractal dimension. Estimates of ρbulk from SCI are biased by changes in particle size (R2 is 0.1–0.5 across all datasets). This study builds upon recent work that derived SCI to quantify composition of sand and mud in suspension and demonstrates the utility of the approach in systems transporting flocculated silt and clay. Future research directions are discussed.
Scalp microbiome of healthy women wearing hijab compared to those not wearing hijab: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Widaty Sandra , Surachmiati Lis , Legiawati Lili , Sirait Sondang Pandjaitan , Krisanti Inge Ade , Budianti Windy Keumala , Miranda Eliza , Rihatmadja Rahadi , Oktarina Caroline 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUse of hijab can influence the scalp’s condition, including its microbiome. To date there has been no study comparing scalp microbiome in women wearing hijab to that in women not wearing hijab. This was a cross-sectional study conducted from August 2019 to April 2021. Healthy women aged 18 years old or older who had not undergone menopause were recruited. Those in the hijab group should wear hijab minimum 8 h a day for at least 5 years. After wash-out period, the sample was collected from the subject’s scalp. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was performed with primer V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA and ITS1 DNA for bacteria and fungi, respectively. Alpha diversity and beta diversity were identified, along with functional analysis. Actinobacteria and Ascomycota were the most dominant phyla on the scalp. S. capitis was more prominent in the hijab group while S. cohnii was more prominent in non-hijab group. Additionally, M. restricta was more common in hijab group while M. globosa was more common in non-hijab group. This study emphasizes the difference of scalp microbiome in women wearing hijab compared to women not wearing hijab, which indicated that women wearing hijab are more prone to seborrheic dermatitis.
The influence of a static planetary atmosphere on spin transfer during pebble accretion
Authors: Yzer M. J. , Visser R. G. , Dominik C. 
Published: July 2023

Context. Pebble accretion has been used to explain the small size of Mars, the heavy element contents of the gas giants, and the size distribution of asteroids. More recently, pebble accretion has been proposed as a means to explain not only the growth but also the prograde spin preference of most larger bodies in the Solar System. Pebble accretion could induce planetary and asteroid spin equal to or exceeding the spins currently measured. However, as these planetesimals grow, they start condensing the gas of the disc around them, forming an atmosphere within their Bondi radius.
Aims. We study the effect an atmosphere has on the pebble orbits and spin build-up on the planet’s surface during pebble accretion in the extreme case of a static atmosphere. Pebble feedback to the gas is not taken into account.
Methods. The equations of motion for pebbles in a planar, global frame with a planet and a central star were integrated using the AIS15 integrator of REBOUND. An adiabatic atmosphere was then placed around the planet, and the spin deposited on the planet’s surface was measured. These simulations were evaluated for different distances to the star, Stokes numbers, and planet masses.
Results. In general, an atmosphere dampens the spin the planet’s surface receives by absorbing part of the angular momentum of the pebbles and circularising their orbits. This could prevent the excessive spin values predicted in some 3D pebble accretion simulations without an atmosphere. For planets larger than 0.5 M⊕, a stationary atmosphere absorbs all angular momentum, leaving no spin for the surface. Significant quantities of angular momentum are stored in the inner and intermediate atmosphere (<0.3 Bondi radii). Depending on the atmospheric and disc model, this spin could be transported either to the disc through atmospheric recycling or to the planet through drag between the surface and the atmosphere. Further research is required to quantify the spin transfer within the atmosphere.
Audiological Tests Used in the Evaluation of the Effects of Solvents on the Human Auditory System: A Mixed Methods Review
Authors: Roggia Simone Mariotti , Zucki Fernanda , Fuente Adrian , Lacerda Adriana Bender Moreira de , Gong Wei , Carlson Krystin , Morata Thais C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to scope the literature, identify knowledge gaps, appraise results, and synthesize the evidence on the audiological evaluation of workers exposed to solvents. We searched Medline, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and NIOSHTIC-2 up to March 22, 2021. Using Covidence, two authors independently assessed study eligibility, risk of bias, and extracted data. National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tools was used in the quality evaluation of included studies; the Downs and Black checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Of 454 located references, 37 were included. Twenty-five tests were studied: two tests to measure hearing thresholds, one test to measure word recognition in quiet, six electroacoustic procedures, four electrophysiological tests, and twelve behavioral tests to assess auditory processing skills. Two studies used the Amsterdam Inventory for Auditory Disability and Handicap. The quality of individual studies was mostly considered moderate, but the overall quality of evidence was considered low. The discrepancies between studies and differences in the methodologies/outcomes prevent recommending a specific test battery to assess the auditory effects of occupational solvents. Decisions on audiological tests for patients with a history of solvent exposures require the integration of the most current research evidence with clinical expertise and stakeholder perspectives.
2.4 C—H Functionalization Catalyzed by Cobalt(III)/Cp* and Related Complexes
Authors: Yoshino T. , Matsunaga S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCobalt(III) catalysts bearing a pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligand are widely used for directing-group-assisted C—H functionalization reactions to form C—C and C—heteroatom bonds. This review describes representative examples of such cobalt(III)-catalyzed C—H functionalization reactions, including C(sp2) —H and C(sp3) —H functionalization, as well as enantioselective C—H functionalization.
2.6 C—H Functionalization Catalyzed by Low-Valent Cobalt
Authors: Yoshikai N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis review summarizes representative examples of catalytic C—H functionalization reactions mediated by low-valent cobalt complexes. Catalysts generated by the reduction of cobalt(II) or cobalt(III) precatalysts in the presence of appropriate supporting ligands have been demonstrated to promote a variety of alkylation, alkenylation, and arylation reactions of aromatic C(sp2)—H bonds, often with the assistance of directing groups. Well-defined cobalt(0) and cobalt(–I) complexes have also proved to catalyze some of these reactions. Low-valent cobalt complexes supported by bis(phosphinomethyl)pyridine, terpyridine, and diimine ligands have been identified as viable catalysts for the borylation of C(sp2)—H and C(sp3)—H bonds, where the cobalt catalysts exhibit unique site selectivity compared with well-established iridium catalysts. Other reactions such as 1,4-cobalt migration, hydroacylation, and C—H activation involving cobaltacyclopentene intermediates are also discussed.
2.2 Cobalt- and Iron-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation
Authors: Cheng Z. , Li M. , Lu Z. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe hydrosilylation of readily available alkenes and alkynes represents an atom-economic and straightforward method for the preparation of value-added organosilicon compounds. Among various catalysts, those based on earth-abundant metals such as cobalt and iron demonstrate great potential due to their low cost and toxicity, as well as good catalytic performance. This review discusses recent progress in the cobalt- and iron-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkenes and alkynes, as well as the sequential double hydrosilylation of alkynes, with an emphasis on the synthetic utility of the methods. The reactivity, regioselectivity, and enantioselectivity can be well-controlled by applying suitable ligands.
Crime at micro-places in public libraries
Authors: Ceccato Vania , Ercin Emrah , Sampaio Adriana , Hazanov Julia , Elfström Sara 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPublic libraries are multifunctional places where visitors come to borrow books, use computers and socialise—all these activities impose a diverse set of safety demands on those responsible for these facilities. Drawing from environmental criminology and CPTED principles, this study proposes and tests a conceptual model to investigate the spatiotemporal nature of crime and other safety-related incidents in public libraries. Incidents recorded by personnel from 2017 to 2020 from two public libraries in Stockholm, Sweden are mapped using a three-dimensional model in CAD and compared with notes from fieldwork inspections and interviews with library personnel. Findings show that staff feel safe in the library, but mention unsafe situations that they avoid by taking precautionary measures. In addition, public disturbances, aggression, followed by crimes against property and vandalism vary both temporally and across different types of library environments. The design and layout of public libraries play a role in the libraries’ safety conditions (e.g. territoriality, surveillance opportunities), but some places are more challenging than others because of the activities they attract (e.g. entrances). The study concludes by critically assessing the proposed methodology and making suggestions to improve safety in public libraries and advance the role of place managers in multifunctional places.
Static breakdown threshold modeling of quasi-uniform gas gaps with a focus on the PDIV of contacting enameled wire pairs
Authors: Färber R , Lu Y , Balmelli M , Sefl O , Franck C M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper provides a theoretical and conceptual framework for the determination of static breakdown inception thresholds in quasi-uniform gas gaps bounded by dielectric layers of thickness s and relative permittivity

ε

r

′

. The special case of uncoated metallic electrodes is included in the limit

s

/

ε

r

′

→
0

. Moreover, a review of breakdown mechanisms and the underlying physical processes in quasi-uniform gas gaps is provided, and the applicability of the associated breakdown criteria is discussed. The results include a parametrization of the partial discharge inception voltage of wedge-shaped air gaps at atmospheric pressure as a function of the reduced coating thickness

s

/

ε

r

′

. The predicted results for this prototypical insulation geometry agree well with a broad array of literature data and own measurements. Finally, a physically motivated parametrization of the ionization threshold K(d) is suggested for atmospheric pressure air in terms of secondary electron feedback by energetic photons and ion-enhanced field emission. This contrasts with the ad hoc introduction of modified ‘streamer constants’ often found in literature to explain breakdown voltages that deviate from the predictions of the classical Raether–Meek–Loeb criterion.
Early fault diagnosis for DC/DC converters based on digital twins and transfer learning
Authors: Xia Qian , Yue Jiguang , Chen Jichang , Cui Zhexin , Lyu Feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
DC/DC converters are widely used as power supplies in various power supply systems. Their faults can lead to improper system operation. Building intelligent fault diagnosis models for ‘highly reliable and long-life’ DC/DC converters is challenging due to the high data acquisition costs and insufficient fault data. In this paper, the digital twin (DT) technique is utilized to provide extensive and reliable data to address the issue of insufficient data for diagnosing DC/DC converter faults. However, establishing multidisciplinary, multi-physical quantity, multi-scale, and multi-probability virtual models (VMs) can be challenging. Thus, a cloud model-based interpretable transfer model is designed to overcome the limitations of VMs in fully deducing the full-state output properties. The proposed method effectively diagnoses DC/DC converters based on DT technology by providing a more comprehensive and uniformly distributed source domain data to suit the samples in the target domain. Comparison with other algorithms shows the effectiveness of the proposed method. It has the potential to provide accurate and real-time diagnosis for DC/DC converter faults and enable timely maintenance strategies for power monitoring in equipment, such as submarine observation networks and space power supply systems.
RGB-D SLAM in indoor dynamic environments with two channels based on scenario classification
Authors: Zhou Yao , Tao Fazhan , Fu Zhumu , Chen Qihong , Zhu Longlong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems, the limitations of the assumption of scene rigidity are usually broken by using learning-based or geometry-based methods. However, learning-based methods usually have a high time cost, and geometry-based methods usually do not result in clean maps which are useful for advanced robotic applications. In this paper, an RGB-D SLAM in indoor dynamic environments with two channels that classifies frames as slightly and highly dynamic scenarios based on matching accuracy is proposed. And a geometric constraint based on Hamming distance is proposed to improve the effectiveness of matching accuracy as a basis for scenario classification. Dynamic features are detected by affine consistency constraint and semantic method. The semantic method is only used for highly dynamic scenarios to reduce the time cost of dynamic feature detection and provide a basis for mapping. Furthermore, an improved adaptive threshold algorithm is proposed to improve the robustness of feature matching. The proposed method is evaluated in the TUM RGB-D dataset and a real scenario. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves highly accurate tracking with appreciable time cost in both slightly and highly indoor dynamic environments while obtaining effective maps.
A fault diagnosis method based on hybrid sampling algorithm with energy entropy under unbalanced conditions
Authors: Zhao Huimin , Liu Dunke , Chen Huayue , Deng Wu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For the degraded performance of the fault diagnosis model caused by massive normal samples and scarce fault samples under unbalanced conditions, a new fault diagnosis method based on a hybrid sampling algorithm and energy entropy, namely HSEEFD is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, Empirical Modal Decomposition is employed to decompose the vibration signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs), and the energy entropy feature of each IMF component is extracted to construct a feature vector matrix. Then, a new hybrid sampling algorithm using Tomek’s Links algorithm, Euclidean distance, K-means algorithm, and synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE), namely TSHSA is designed to balance the extracted features. Tomek’s Links algorithm is used to identify and remove the confusable majority class samples at the boundary. Euclidean distance is applied to find the suspected noise points in minority class samples and remove them. The k-means algorithm is employed to cluster the minority class samples and SMOTE is used to deal with each cluster according to the density of the clusters to synthesize new features. Finally, the support vector machine is applied to classify faults and realize fault diagnosis. The experiment results on the actual imbalanced data show that the proposed HSEEFD method can effectively improve the accuracy (AUC) of the fault diagnosis under unbalanced conditions by increasing the AUC value by more than 2.1%, and the AUC and G-mean by more than 0.7%, 2.1%, respectively.
MDI quantum protocol for anonymous countable veto voting
Authors: Yu Hui , Shi Run-hua , Ke Weiyang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to construct unconditionally secure anonymous countable veto protocol, we proposed a measurement-device-independent quantum secure multiparty authenticated summation protocol. This protocol adopts perfect quantum encryption and one-time pad to achieve unconditional security. In addition, the protocol uses the weak coherent pulses of the BB84 state as the quantum resource, and only needs to perform Bell state identification to complete the calculation. Combined with the idea of grouping, it is applied to the quantum anonymous veto voting scenario, which ensures the anonymity of the protocol. Under the semi-honest model, the security of the designed protocol is proved. It can satisfy the correctness, security and relatively complete voting attributes. Finally, IBM Qiskit is used to carry out simulation experiments, and the experimental results verify the correctness and feasibility of the protocol.
Time-optimal transport of a harmonic oscillator: analytic solution
Authors: Hegerfeldt Gerhard C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Motivated by the experimental transport of a trap with a quantum mechanical system modeled as a harmonic oscillator (h.o.) the corresponding classical problem is investigated. Protocols for the fastest possible transport of a classical h.o. in a wagon over a distance d are derived where both initially and finally the wagon is at rest and the h.o. is in its equilibrium position and also at rest. The acceleration of the wagon is assumed to be bounded. For fixed oscillator frequency Ω it is shown that there are in general three switches in the acceleration and for special values of Ω only one switch. In the latter case the optimal transport time is T
abs, that of a wagon without oscillator. The optimal transport time and the switch times are determined. It is shown that in some cases it is advantageous to go backwards for a while. In addition a time-dependent Ω(t), bounded by Ω±, is allowed. In this case the behavior depends sensitively on Ω± and is spelled out in detail. In particular, depending on Ω±, T
abs may be obtained in continuously many ways.
Impact of light polarization on angle-resolved light scattering from gloss scale
Authors: Gozhyk I , Turbil C , Garcia E , Obein G 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The gloss scale is a set of coated paper samples with different surface roughness allowing for appearance variation from high gloss to mat. Nowadays, the gloss scale is widely used as a reference on visual appearance of glossy and mat surfaces. This work provides for angle resolved analysis of light scattering from gloss scales as well as the analysis of the surface topography parameters relevant for the analysis of light-scattering experiments: RMS-roughness σ, auto-correlation function and power spectrum density, correlation length ℓ
c and surface slopes. The angle–resolved measurements of light scattered in reflection within the half–space are performed at 4 angles of incidence, while measurements within the incidence plane are made at 17 angles of incidence and under non–polarized, s–and p–polarized illumination. The polarization of incident light has a significant impact on both the specular and the diffused components of scattered light. Brewster scattering angle is especially well observed for black mat surfaces. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of measured scattered light is made with Rayleigh-Rice and Kirchhoff models applied to statistically representative analysis of surface topography.
Modulated Kepler-Ermakov triads. Integrable Hamiltonian structure and parametrisation
Authors: Rogers Colin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A hybrid Kepler-Ermakov system modulated by means of a classical nonlinear superposition principle is reduced via a class of involutory transformations to its unmodulated counterpart. In the case of certain underlying Hamiltonian-type and dual associated structure, parametric representations are applied which allow systematic integration on application of admitted invariants.
One-step implementation of multiqubit controlled–controlled-Z gates with Rydberg atoms
Authors: Li Yan , Lin Zhe-Ping , Zhao Xin-Yu , Chen Ye-Hong , Xia Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a one-step scheme for generating a multiqubit controlled–controlled-Z(CCZ) gate based on Rydberg atoms where an amplitude-modulated field is employed to induce Rydberg antiblockade. The Rydberg atoms can form a Rabi oscillation between the ground state and the collective excited state effectively, so a one-step three-qubitCCZgate can be easily achieved through a Rabi cycle. Numerical simulation results show that the scheme has a high fidelity and robustness against errors which are caused by parameter errors, intrinsic errors, and atomic decays. Therefore, we hope that this scheme will enable fast and robust quantum computing in the near future.
Anomalous Transport of Energetic Particles Interacting with Dynamic Small-Scale Magnetic Flux Rope Structures
Authors: le Roux Jakobus A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
le Roux and Zank [25] showed previously how one can derive from first principles a pitch-angle dependent fractional diffusion-advection kinetic equation to model the anomalous diffusion of energetic particles interacting with small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SMFRs) in the inner heliosphere on the basis of the standard focused transport equation. This equation has the following limitations: (1) The asymptotic power law of a Lévy distribution was specified to model the non-Gaussian statistics of the disturbed energetic particle trajectories generated during energetic particle interaction with numerous SMFRs. The second moment (variance) and higher moments of the Lévy distribution are infinite, indicating over-efficient non-local transport that is scale-free. (2) The theory does not naturally allow for a transition of anomalous transport to normal diffusion, or to a different anomalous diffusion state. An outline of a derivation is presented in which an exponentially truncated Lévy distribution was specified instead, resulting in a tempered fractional diffusion-advection kinetic equation that addresses these two concerns.