bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who is Entitled to Oppose Planning Decisions? Politics of Rightful Resistance in Tehran
Authors: Tafti Mojgan Taheri , Abdi Kimia , Khosronezhad Mahdis , Nikbin Mahshid 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPeople's oppositions to planning decisions are on the rise even in exclusionary‐repressive systems. However, in such contexts, decades of dismantling social networks, repressing the circulation of information, and criminalising dissent make oppositions short‐lived, fragile, and risky. Rightful resistance, studies suggest, presents a modality of contestation which mitigates such risks. This paper seeks to contribute to the literature on this modality, focusing on, first, the intermeshed and co‐evolving relations of the rightful resisters and different sections of the state in the context of contingent citizenship, and second, the interactions of rightful resisters with the larger community. Through a detailed analysis of a case study of rightful resistance in Tehran, the paper complicates the often one‐sided narratives of improvisation of individuals that the literature depicts. More importantly, the paper reveals the possibilities that such modalities of contestation reproduce, reinforce, and re‐affirm the exclusionary‐repressive practices of the state.
Moving CAR‐Ts to the outpatient clinic
Authors: Llaurador Gabriela A. , Heslop Helen E. , Steffin David H. 
Published: September 2023

As centres obtain more experience with commercial CARs, there has been increasing interest in trying to move as much as the procedure as possible to the outpatient clinic to reduce costs, maximize reimbursement and increase patient satisfaction. The report by Ly et al. details how their centre implemented outpatient CAR therapy and were able to reduce admission time without affecting outcomes.Commentary on: Ly et al. Outpatient CD19‐directed CAR T‐cell therapy is feasible in patients of all ages. Br J Haematol 2023;203:688‐692.
Group 2 ITI Consensus Report: Technological developments in implant prosthetics
Authors: Derksen W. , Joda T. , Chantler J. , Fehmer V. , Gallucci G. O. , Gierthmuehlen P. C. , Ioannidis A. , Karasan D. , Lanis A. , Pala K. , Pjetursson B. E. , Roccuzzo M. , Sailer I. , Strauss F. J. , Sun T. C. , Wolfart S. , Zitzmann N. U. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesGroup‐2 reviewed the scientific evidence in the field of «Technology». Focused research questions were: (1) additive versus subtractive manufacturing of implant restorations; (2) survival, complications, and esthetics comparing prefabricated versus customized abutments; and (3) survival of posterior implant‐supported multi‐unit fixed dental prostheses.Materials and MethodsLiterature was systematically screened, and 67 publications could be critically reviewed following PRISMA guidelines, resulting in three systematic reviews. Consensus statements were presented to the plenary where after modification, those were accepted.ResultsAdditively fabricated implant restorations of zirconia and polymers were investigated for marginal/internal adaptation and mechanical properties without clear results in favor of one technology or material. Titanium base abutments for screw‐retained implant single crowns compared to customized abutments did not show significant differences concerning 1‐year survival. PFM, veneered and monolithic zirconia implant‐supported multi‐unit posterior fixed dental prostheses demonstrated similar high 3‐year survival rates, whereas veneered restorations exhibited the highest annual ceramic fracture and chipping rates.ConclusionsFor interim tooth‐colored implant single crowns both additive and subtractive manufacturing are viable techniques. The clinical performance of additively produced restorations remains to be investigated. Implant single crowns on titanium base abutments show similar clinical performance compared to other type of abutments; however, long‐term clinical data from RCTs are needed. The abutment selection should be considered already during the planning phase. Digital planning facilitates 3D visualization of the prosthetic design including abutment selection. In the posterior area, monolithic zirconia is recommended as the material of choice for multi‐unit implant restorations to reduce technical complications.
Clinical performance of immediately placed and immediately loaded single implants in the esthetic zone: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wittneben Julia‐Gabriela , Molinero‐Mourelle Pedro , Hamilton Adam , Alnasser Muhsen , Obermaier Barbara , Morton Dean , Gallucci German O. , Wismeijer Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the following PIO question: In adult patients treated with an indication for single tooth extraction in the maxillary esthetic zone (15–25), what is the influence of an immediate implant placement and immediate loading protocol on the clinical performance (primary aim) and esthetic outcomes (secondary aim) focusing on investigations published after 2010.Material and MethodsAn electronic search in Medline (PubMed), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE databases up to April 2022 was performed to identify clinical studies investigating the outcome of single implants subjected to immediate placement with immediate restoration/loading (Type 1A).ResultsSixty‐three studies (10 randomized controlled trials, 28 prospective and 25 retrospective cohort studies) were included with a follow‐up ranging from 12 to 96 months. One thousand nine hundred sixty‐one implants reported survival rates of 99.2 (98.6–99.5) % at 1 year, 97.5 (95.9–98.4) % after 3 years, and 95.8 (93.3–97.4) % after 5 years; 1064 immediately loaded restorations presented survival rates of 98.9 (97.8–99.5) % after 1 year, 96.8 (93.6–98.4) % after 2 years, and 94.8 (89.6–97.4) % after 5 years. Comparing baseline to 12‐month data using the Hedges' g effect size (95% CI), papilla height presented an overall effect size of −0.71 (−1.25, −0.1) mm, midfacial recession change of −0.15 (−0.66, 0.36) mm, and a 0.82 (0.37, 1.28) gain in PES.ConclusionsImmediate implant placement and immediate loading can be considered a predictable and safe treatment option for single maxillary anterior restorations with adequate survival rates and favorable esthetics outcomes for up to 5 years.
Treatment priorities and arrival time of traumatic dental injuries—An 8‐year retrospective study
Authors: Šimunović Luka , Špiljak Bruno , Vranić Lara , Negovetić Vranić Dubravka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground/AimMost of the previous studies in the available literature discussed the time of arrival in general to the healthcare system, while a minority studied the relationship between the type of trauma and arrival. The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the arrival time of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) depending on the urgency of treatment according to Andreasen.Materials and MethodsThis 8‐year retrospective study was carried out at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the University Dental Clinic in Zagreb, Croatia. Andreasen's classification was used to define the kind of TDI as well as to divide them by the need for urgent treatment or treatment priorities in three groups: acute, subacute, and delayed.ResultsThe sample consisted of 1040 children (59% male and 41% female) with a median age of 7. Each year, the age group most affected by TDIs was 6–12 years old. While there is a general increase in the prevalence of TDIs overall, there is a decline in TDIs among children aged 6–12 and an increase among preschoolers and adolescents (below 6 and above 12 years old). Throughout the years, 52.73% red/acute and 41.16% yellow/subacute TDIs were not treated on time due to delayed arrival. More patients from Zagreb come in the first 24 h, while more patients from outside Zagreb come to the clinic a month or more after their injuries. Patients which suffered TDI accompanied with soft‐tissue injury arrived sooner.ConclusionsIt is necessary to introduce monitoring and education of patients under the age of 6 and over 12, as well as their parents/caregivers. New programs should be implemented and new referent centers that specialize in treating TDIs outside of Zagreb should be established.
Solving the unsolved genetic epilepsies: Current and future perspectives
Authors: Johannesen Katrine M. , Tümer Zeynep , Weckhuysen Sarah , Barakat Tahsin Stefan , Bayat Allan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany patients with epilepsy undergo exome or genome sequencing as part of a diagnostic workup; however, many remain genetically unsolved. There are various factors that account for negative results in exome/genome sequencing for patients with epilepsy: (1) the underlying cause is not genetic; (2) there is a complex polygenic explanation; (3) the illness is monogenic but the causative gene remains to be linked to a human disorder; (4) family segregation with reduced penetrance; (5) somatic mosaicism or the complexity of, for example, a structural rearrangement; or (6) limited knowledge or diagnostic tools that hinder the proper classification of a variant, resulting in its designation as a variant of unknown significance. The objective of this review is to outline some of the diagnostic options that lie beyond the exome/genome, and that might become clinically relevant within the foreseeable future. These options include: (1) re‐analysis of older exome/genome data as knowledge increases or symptoms change; (2) looking for somatic mosaicism or long‐read sequencing to detect low‐complexity repeat variants or specific structural variants missed by traditional exome/genome sequencing; (3) exploration of the non‐coding genome including disruption of topologically associated domains, long range non‐coding RNA, or other regulatory elements; and finally (4) transcriptomics, DNA methylation signatures, and metabolomics as complementary diagnostic methods that may be used in the assessment of variants of unknown significance. Some of these tools are currently not integrated into standard diagnostic workup. However, it is reasonable to expect that they will become increasingly available and improve current diagnostic capabilities, thereby enabling precision diagnosis in patients who are currently undiagnosed.
Investor attention and stock price efficiency: Evidence from quasi‐natural experiments in China
Authors: Li Zhibing , Liu Jie , Liu Xiaoyu , Wu Chonglin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe examine whether increasing investor attention affects stock price efficiency. To identify the causal effect, we employ daily repeated quasi‐natural experiments in China where investor attention difference is purely driven by price rounding effect without information regarding stock fundamentals. Stocks tend to draw significant more attention and show higher price efficiency after being exposed to the Winner List. We also find supporting evidence for two nonexclusive channels through which investor attention enhance stock price efficiency: increasing stock liquidity and stronger net inflows from large orders. The positive relationship between investor attention and price efficiency is more pronounced among stocks with lower institutional shareholdings, stocks without overseas or Big Four audit firms, and stocks without B‐ or H‐shares. Our findings further shed light on the significant impact of saliency on the capital market.
Divergence time estimates for the hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF1α) reveal an ancient emergence of animals in low‐oxygen environments
Authors: Belato Flavia A. , Mello Beatriz , Coates Christopher J. , Halanych Kenneth M. , Brown Federico D. , Morandini André C. , de Moraes Leme Juliana , Trindade Ricardo I. F. , Costa‐Paiva Elisa Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnveiling the tempo and mode of animal evolution is necessary to understand the links between environmental changes and biological innovation. Although the earliest unambiguous metazoan fossils date to the late Ediacaran period, molecular clock estimates agree that the last common ancestor (LCA) of all extant animals emerged ~850 Ma, in the Tonian period, before the oldest evidence for widespread ocean oxygenation at ~635–560 Ma in the Ediacaran period. Metazoans are aerobic organisms, that is, they are dependent on oxygen to survive. In low‐oxygen conditions, most animals have an evolutionarily conserved pathway for maintaining oxygen homeostasis that triggers physiological changes in gene expression via the hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIFa). However, here we confirm the absence of the characteristic HIFa protein domain responsible for the oxygen sensing of HIFa in sponges and ctenophores, indicating the LCA of metazoans lacked the functional protein domain as well, and so could have maintained their transcription levels unaltered under the very low‐oxygen concentrations of their environments. Using Bayesian relaxed molecular clock dating, we inferred that the ancestral gene lineage responsible for HIFa arose in the Mesoproterozoic Era, ~1273 Ma (Credibility Interval 957–1621 Ma), consistent with the idea that important genetic machinery associated with animals evolved much earlier than the LCA of animals. Our data suggest at least two duplication events in the evolutionary history of HIFa, which generated three vertebrate paralogs, products of the two successive whole‐genome duplications that occurred in the vertebrate LCA. Overall, our results support the hypothesis of a pre‐Tonian emergence of metazoans under low‐oxygen conditions, and an increase in oxygen response elements during animal evolution.
Improvement of physicochemical properties and flavour of pickled radish through the use of a direct‐vat set starter consisting of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides
Authors: Xiong Jie , Wang Ya‐Ying , Yousaf Muhammad , Liu Dong‐Mei 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe fermented vegetable is a long‐history food, and the addition of probiotics in recent years has pushed it in a novel direction. This study explored the impact of a direct‐vat set (DVS) starter, comprising Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MC14 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides, on pickled radish (PR). The addition of DVS triggered a rapid reduction in pH and titratable acidity, leading to lowered nitrite levels and increased viable count. Textural analysis showed that DVS increased the springiness and chewiness of PR by about 55.07% and 25.73%, respectively. Organic acid analysis unveiled eight compounds. The addition of probiotics did not significantly affect the antioxidant properties but was able to significantly enhance the XO inhibitory activity of PR. DVS decreased undesirable flavour compounds such as isothiocyanates and sulphides, while elevating esters, aldehydes and acids. Our results suggested that DVS is a promising starter culture that can enhance the texture and flavour of fermented vegetables.
Evaluating training effectiveness in India: Exploring the relationship between training components, metacognition and learning outcomes
Authors: Bhat Zahid Hussain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aims to examine the key training factors that significantly impact the learning outcomes of trainees. A comprehensive framework is proposed to investigate the interrelationships among various training components, trainer performance, training usefulness, and their effects on metacognition and learning. Empirical testing of the model is conducted using the partial least squares structural equation modelling approach, analyzing data collected from 322 public servants in North India. The findings reveal that almost all the focal factors comprising a training programme, such as the usefulness of training, trainer performance and metacognition, positively influence trainees' learning. While training agencies should consider all components of the training programme, the perceived usefulness, trainer performance and trainees' metacognition are particularly influential factors in facilitating learning. Training components and trainer performance predict the usefulness of training. This study integrates all focal factors of a training programme into a comprehensive framework using employee data, explaining a significant portion (45%–64%) of the variance in trainees' learning. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing these focal factors thoughtfully when designing and implementing effective training programmes.
Corporate Philanthropy and Innovation: The Case of the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Bereskin Frederick L. , Hsu Po‐Hsuan 
Published: September 2023

For decades now, pharmaceutical companies have engaged in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives to strengthen their reputations, brand names, marketing, and public relations. But evidence from the authors’ recent study suggests that one particularly effective form of corporate philanthropy has been direct contributions to universities and other non‐profit research organizations, many of which have led to relationships that have developed into highly productive research partnerships. Such direct industry support for academic institutions and other research partners has ranged from unrestricted gifts to fee‐for‐service, and has taken the form of joint ventures and new research institutions as well as research contests and other types of collaborations.Moreover, such corporate giving should be viewed as an important, and highly productive, part of these companies’ innovation strategies. In support of this argument, the authors report that direct contributions by big pharma result in a greater quantity and quality of innovations—as measured by new patents—than the research that results from other forms of corporate philanthropy, notably grants made to and administered by the companies’ own foundations. Such direct contributions are also associated with patents that are more likely to broaden the corporate scope beyond the firms’ traditional areas of expertise, and that tend to have greater success in obtaining FDA drug approvals, than the patents resulting from R&D conducted by corporate‐sponsored foundations.
Proactive Leverage Increases and The Value of Financial Flexibility
Authors: Denis David J. , McKeon Stephen B. 
Published: September 2023

Traditional tradeoff models of corporate capital structure, although still featured prominently in finance textbooks and widely accepted by practitioners, have been criticized by financial economists for doing a poor job of explaining observed debt ratios. Moreover, the observed ratios are far less stable than what would be predicted by the standard tradeoff models.In a study published several years ago in the Review of Financial Studies, the authors of this article aimed to shed more light on the underlying forces governing capital structure decisions by analyzing a set of major changes in capital structure in which companies initiated large increases in leverage through substantial new borrowings. They then attempted to explain why these companies chose to increase leverage and how their capital structures changed during the years after the large debt issues.As summarized in this article, the authors' findings indicate, first of all, that the large debt financings were used primarily to fund major corporate investments—and not, for example, to make large distributions to shareholders. And the changes in leverage ratios that came after the debt offerings were driven far more by the evolution of the companies' realized cash flows and their investment opportunities than by deliberate or decisive attempts to rebalance their capital structures toward a stationary target. In fact, many of the companies chose to take on even more debt when faced with cash‐flow deficits, despite operating with leverage that was already well above any reasonable estimate of their estimated target leverage. At the same time, companies that generated financial surpluses used them to reduce debt, even when their leverage had fallen well below their estimated targets.Taken as a whole, the findings of the authors' study support the idea that unused debt capacity represents an important source of financial flexibility, and that preserving such flexibility—and making use of it when valuable investment opportunities materialize—may well be the critical missing link in connecting capital structure theory with observed corporate behavior.
A Qualitative Analysis of Experiences of Medical Students Serving as Abortion Doulas
Authors: Pearlman Shapiro Marit Anne , Crystal‐Ornelas Lara , Lunde Britt 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionInnovative strategies are needed in clinical education to teach empathetic behavior and communication skills. This study aimed to investigate preclinical medical students’ experiences volunteering as abortion doulas and to understand the impact of their participation on their professional training.MethodsIn this qualitative study, the authors conducted semistructured interviews with medical students who had volunteered as abortion doulas in March to July 2016. The interviews described motivations for participating, experiences volunteering as a doula, approach to caring for patients, and acquisition of communication skills and knowledge of abortion. The authors analyzed interview transcripts using a conventional content analysis approach, and themes were identified.ResultsThe authors performed 22 interviews. For most participants, this was their first exposure to an abortion procedure or patient care in any capacity. Participants identified acquisition of skills including patient advocacy, communication, and empathy that they were later able to apply throughout their clinical clerkships. This opportunity improved well‐being and solidified their decision to apply for residencies in reproductive health fields.DiscussionAfter volunteering as abortion doulas, medical students were able to develop communication skills, empathy, and patient advocacy applicable to other areas of patient care. Preclinical students, potentially in other health care professions training, participating in patient care as doulas have the potential to further personal development, professionalism, and activism.
Financial debts and subjective well‐being of young adults: An adaption of the stress process model
Authors: Fan Lu , Ryu Soomin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing a stress process theoretical framework, this article examines the relationship between financial debts and the subjective well‐being of young adults and the role of social and personal resources in the mechanism. The analyses include 2348 young adults from the 2017 Transition into Adulthood Supplement study of Panel Study of Income Dynamics, using the structural equation modeling method. We found that when faced with student loans as a stress exposure, young adults' social resources (financial support and social participation) and personal psychological resources (self‐esteem) may act in different ways explaining life satisfaction and subjective well‐being. Having student loans increased the likelihood of receiving financial support from family and social activity participation, while also boosting one's self‐esteem. However, financial support as a social resource was negatively associated with young adults' life satisfaction and subjective well‐being, whereas self‐esteem as a personal resource was positively associated with life satisfaction and subjective well‐being. Our study suggests that exploring the underlying mechanism of the association between debts and subjective well‐being is necessary and crucial because the mediating roles of social and personal resources were important in determining young adults' subjective well‐being. Further research should explore this topic, as recent young adults are more exposed to debt burdens than preceding cohorts.