bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration of humoral immunity from smallpox vaccination and its cross-reaction with Mpox virus
Authors: Li Entao , Guo Xiaoping , Hong Dongxiang , Gong Qizan , Xie Wenyu , Li Tingting , Wang Jian , Chuai Xia , Chiu Sandra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic caused by mpox virus (MPXV) has become an international public health emergency that poses a significant threat to global health. The vaccinia virus Tiantan strain (VTT) was used to vaccinate against smallpox in China 42 years ago. It is urgent to assess the level of immunity to smallpox in individuals vaccinated 43 or more years ago and evaluate their immunological susceptibility to MPXV. Here, we recruited 294 volunteers and detected the level of residual humoral immunity, including the vaccinia-specific IgG level and neutralizing antibody titer, and the cross-antibodies of MPXV A29L, B6R, A35R, and M1R. Our results showed that the humoral immunity from the smallpox vaccine in the population still remains, and VTT-specific NAb levels wane with age. The majority of the population pre-1981 who should be immunized with VTT still maintains certain levels of MPXV-specific antibodies, in particular, targeting A35R and B6R antigens. Furthermore, we separately analyzed the correlations between the OD450 values of VTT-specific IgG and A35R-specific IgG, B6R-specific IgG, and A29L-specific IgG with plasma samples diluted 1:40, showing a linear correlation (p < 0.0001). Our findings suggest that most Chinese populations still maintain VTT-specific IgG antibodies for 42 or more years after smallpox vaccination and could provide some level of protection against MPXV.
MDIG-mediated H3K9me3 demethylation upregulates Myc by activating OTX2 and facilitates liver regeneration
Authors: Du Jinpeng , Liao Wenwei , Wang Haichuan , Hou Guimin , Liao Min , Xu Lin , Huang Jiwei , Yuan Kefei , Chen Xiangzheng , Zeng Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe mineral dust-induced gene (MDIG) comprises a conserved JmjC domain and has the ability to demethylate histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3). Previous studies have indicated the significance of MDIG in promoting cell proliferation by modulating cell-cycle transition. However, its involvement in liver regeneration has not been extensively investigated. In this study, we generated mice with liver-specific knockout of MDIG and applied partial hepatectomy or carbon tetrachloride mouse models to investigate the biological contribution of MDIG in liver regeneration. The MDIG levels showed initial upregulation followed by downregulation as the recovery progressed. Genetic MDIG deficiency resulted in dramatically impaired liver regeneration and delayed cell cycle progression. However, the MDIG-deleted liver was eventually restored over a long latency. RNA-seq analysis revealed Myc as a crucial effector downstream of MDIG. However, ATAC-seq identified the reduced chromatin accessibility of OTX2 locus in MDIG-ablated regenerating liver, with unaltered chromatin accessibility of Myc locus. Mechanistically, MDIG altered chromatin accessibility to allow transcription by demethylating H3K9me3 at the OTX2 promoter region. As a consequence, the transcription factor OTX2 binding at the Myc promoter region was decreased in MDIG-deficient hepatocytes, which in turn repressed Myc expression. Reciprocally, Myc enhanced MDIG expression by regulating MDIG promoter activity, forming a positive feedback loop to sustain hepatocyte proliferation. Altogether, our results prove the essential role of MDIG in facilitating liver regeneration via regulating histone methylation to alter chromatin accessibility and provide valuable insights into the epi-transcriptomic regulation during liver regeneration.
Examining the role of civic attitudes in the link between family wealth and school dropout among tertiary vocational students
Authors: Finkenauer Catrin , Boer Maartje , Spitzer Jenna , Weinberg Dominic , Visser Kirsten , Jonker Merel , Stevens Gonneke W. J. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between family wealth and school dropout among vocational education students (n = 1,231; mean age=17.81). It investigated whether (1) family affluence and adolescents’ own perceptions and experiences of their family wealth (i.e., perceived family wealth, financial scarcity) predict dropout, (2) adolescents’ civic attitudes (i.e., system justification, institutional trust) explain the association between family wealth and school dropout, and (3) trust in teachers buffers against the risk of dropout among students with lower civic attitudes. Multivariate models revealed that financial scarcity predicted dropout. Financial scarcity showed an indirect only effect on dropout through lower institutional trust, but not through system justification. Trust in teachers was neither associated with dropout, nor a moderator. Controlling for mental health problems did not affect these results. This study helps explain how students’ experienced and perceived family wealth can affect their educational attainment, by reducing their trust in social institutions.
Comparing prevalence and types of potentially inappropriate medications among patient groups in a post-acute and secondary care hospital
Authors: Nakashima Hirotaka , Ando Hiromichi , Umegaki Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReducing potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) is a challenge in post-acute care hospitals. Some PIMs may be associated with patient characteristics and it may be useful to focus on frequent PIMs. This study aimed to identify characteristic features of PIMs by grouping patients as in everyday clinical practice. A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for 541 patients aged 75 years or older in a Japanese post-acute and secondary care hospital. PIMs on admission were identified using the Screening Tool for Older Person’s Appropriate Prescriptions for Japanese. The patients were divided into four groups based on their primary disease and reason for hospitalization: post-acute orthopedics, post-acute neurological disorders, post-acute others, and subacute. Approximately 60.8% of the patients were taking PIMs, with no significant difference among the four patient groups in terms of prevalence of PIMs (p = 0.08). However, characteristic features of PIM types were observed in each patient group. Hypnotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were common in the post-acute orthopedics group, multiple antithrombotic agents in the post-acute neurological disorders group, diuretics in the post-acute others group, and hypnotics and diuretics in the subacute group. Grouping patients in clinical practice revealed characteristic features of PIM types in each group.
Forensic chemical analysis of hydrogen gas explosions in sprinkler pipes
Authors: An Songhie , Park Sungwan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMost sprinkler systems in Korea use galvanized steel pipes to extinguish fires. Typically, sprinkler pipes are galvanized with zinc to protect them from corrosion. Although such installations are widely perceived to be safe and hazard-free, the corrosion of zinc within water-filled sprinkler pipes leads to the formation of corrosive products, including hydrogen gas. As hydrogen gas evolves, the pressure inside the closed sprinkler system increases, which in turn increases the risk of fire explosion. In this study, we evaluated several factors that contributed to the formation of hydrogen gas and analyzed the chemical principle of this reaction. Based on the results, we propose certain safety measures that can aid in preventing accidents caused by hydrogen gas. The study findings can form the basis for identifying a safe operating method that can prevent fires and explosions in sprinkler systems.
Antimicrobial, function, and crystalline analysis on the cellulose fibre extracted from the banana tree trunks
Authors: Thandavamoorthy Raja , Devarajan Yuvarajan , Kaliappan Nandagopal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBioactive substances such as phenolic compounds, antioxidants, and antibacterial agents are found in natural fibres. In this study, banana fibre was extracted from the trunks of banana plants. Antibacterial activity, FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis were performed to characterize the banana cellulose fibre, and also raw and alkali-treated banana fibre composite was fabricated with an epoxy matrix. Results of the antibacterial analysis indicate that this banana cellulose fibre strongly impedes bacterial growth with elevated inhibitory zones. The primary peaks observed at 1170 cm−1 and 1426 cm−1 by FTIR analysis correspond to C–O stretching, O–H bending, aliphatic ether, secondary alcohol, and carboxylic acid. The morphological analysis reveals the fibre quality, and the EDX analysis confirms the elements present in the banana cellulose fibre. The XRD results demonstrated a more significant proportion (76.8%) of the amorphous region. This study indicates that banana cellulose fibre could be a promising source of antimicrobial compounds. In addition, the mechanical properties of alkali-treated banana fibre composite were preferable to raw fibre composite by an average of 3% for this banana fibre composite. As a result, this composite can be used to manufacture automobile interior components, as it can reduce the sanitizing periods of interior components during winter months.
Magnetorotational instability in dense electron–positron–ion plasmas
Authors: Usman S. , Mushtaq A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe in this manuscript analyzed the magnetorotational instability (MRI) by using a multi-component quantum fluid model with the effect of spin magnetization in a differentially rotating degenerate electron–positron–ion (e–p–i) quantum plasma. The electrons and positron having the same mass but opposite charge are taken to be degenerate whereas ions are considered as classical owing to their large inertia. The general dispersion relation is derived and a local dispersion relation for MRI is obtained by applying MHD approximations. To obtained MRI and to analyze the results numerically, reduced dispersion relation is derived using the local approximations. The obtained results are applied to the astrophysical situations exist there in the interiors of White Dwarfs and neutron stars. Contribution from spin magnetization and the number densities of electrons and positrons plays a vital role in the dynamics and can alter the instability. The increase in the electron number density, hence spin magnetization enhances the growth rate of the mode and leads the system to instability which results in the core collapse of certain massive stars.
High plasma nesfatin-1 level in Chinese adolescents with depression
Authors: Sun Jin , Gao Nannan , Wu Qiong , Li Yan , Zhang Li , Jiang Zhongliang , Wang Zhiyi , Liu Jintong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDepression is a common psychiatric disorder with high prevalence and mortality rates as well as high risk of serious harm in adolescents that have significant negative impact on families and society. The feeding inhibitor Nesfatin-1 contributes to the regulation of stress and emotion. The purpose of this project was to compare the differences in the levels of Nesfatin-1 between adolescents with depression and healthy adolescents, and verify the association between the levels of Nesfatin-1 and severity of depression in adolescents. Adolescents with depression (n = 61) and healthy adolescents (n = 30) were evaluated. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) was used to classify the adolescents with depression. Thirty-one and thirty-two was assigned to the mild-to-moderate (HAMD-17 ≤ 24) depression group and severe group (HAMD-17 > 24). Plasma Levels of Nesfatin-1 were measured by human ELISA Kit and differences among groups evaluated. Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS 23. HAMD-17 score was significantly higher in adolescents with depression than that in the healthy adolescents (P < 0.001). Median plasma Nesfatin-1 levels in adolescents with depression and healthy adolescents differed significantly at 37.3 pg/ml (22.1 pg/ml, 63.6 pg/ml) and 18.1 pg/ml (10.0 pg/ml, 25.7 pg/ml) (p < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed high plasma Nesfatin-1 concentrations were associated with increased risk of depression (OR = 0.914, 95% CI 0.87–0.96, P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under curve were 0.808 (95% CI 0.722–0.894, P < 0.001). Plasma Nesfatin-1 cut-off point of 32.45 pg/mL showed 59% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Median plasma Nesfatin-1 levels in the severe depression group (n = 30), mild-to-moderate depression group (n = 31), and control group (n = 30) were 53.4 pg/ml (28.2 pg/ml, 149.1 pg/ml), 29.9 pg/ml (14.5 pg/ml, 48.5 pg/ml) and 18.1 pg/ml (10.0 pg/ml, 25.7 pg/ml), and differed significantly among the three groups (P < 0.001). Median plasma level of Nesfatin-1 in males (n = 20) was 38.6 pg/ml (23.5 pg/ml, 70.1 pg/ml), while that in females (n = 41) was 37.3 pg/ml (22.0 pg/ml, 63.6 pg/ml), which was not a significant difference (P > 0.05). Plasma levels of Nesfatin-1 increased with severity of depression in adolescents and may be useful as a biomarker of depression severity. Further studies are needed in future projects.
Visible light-driven photocatalysts, quantum chemical calculations, ADMET-SAR parameters, and DNA binding studies of nickel complex of sulfadiazine
Authors: Pandya Sachin B. , Socha Bhavesh N. , Dubey Rahul P. , Patel Urmila H. , Patel R. H. , Bhatt Bhupesh S. , Thakor Parth , Bhakhar Sanjay , Vekariya Nikhil , Valand Jignesh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA 3D-supramolecular nickel integrated Ni-SDZ complex was synthesized using sodium salt of sulfadiazine as the ligand and nickel(II) acetate as the metal salt using a condensation process and slow evaporation approach to growing the single crystal. The metal complex was characterized for its composition, functional groups, surface morphology as well as complex 3D structure, by resorting to various analytical techniques. The interacting surface and stability as well as reactivity of the complex were carried out using the DFT platform. From ADMET parameters, human Intestinal Absorbance data revealed that the compound has the potential to be well absorbed, and also Ni-SDZ complex cannot cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, the complex's DNA binding affinity and in-vivo and in-vitro cytotoxic studies were explored utilizing UV–Vis absorbance titration, viscosity measurements, and S. pombe cells and brine shrimp lethality tests. In visible light radiation, the Ni-SDZ complex displayed exceptional photo-degradation characteristics of approximately 70.19% within 70 min against methylene blue (MB).
Identification of a c-type heme oxygenase and its function during acclimation of cyanobacteria to nitrogen fluctuations
Authors: Ran Zhaoxing , Du Zhenyu , Miao Gengkai , Zheng Mei , Luo Ligang , Pang Xiaoqin , Wei Lanzhen , Li Dezhi , Ma Weimin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe mechanisms of acclimating to a nitrogen-fluctuating environment are necessary for the survival of aquatic cyanobacteria in their natural habitats, but our understanding is still far from complete. Here, the synthesis of phycobiliprotein is confirmed to be much earlier than that of photosystem components during recovery from nitrogen chlorosis and an unknown protein Ssr1698 is discovered to be involved in this synthetic process. The unknown protein is further identified as a c-type heme oxygenase (cHO) in tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway and catalyzes the opening of heme ring to form biliverdin IXα, which is required for phycobilin production and ensuing phycobiliprotein synthesis. In addition, the cHO-dependent phycobiliprotein is found to be vital for the growth of cyanobacterial cells during chlorosis and regreening through its nitrogen-storage and light-harvesting functions, respectively. Collectively, the cHO expressed preferentially during recovery from nitrogen chlorosis is identified in photosynthetic organisms and the dual function of this enzyme-dependent phycobiliprotein is proposed to be an important mechanism for acclimation of aquatic cyanobacteria to a nitrogen-fluctuating environment.
Heterogenous westerly shifts linked to Atlantic meridional overturning circulation slowdowns
Authors: Gai Congcong , Wu Jie , Roberts Andrew P. , Heslop David , Rohling Eelco J. , Shi Zhengguo , Liu Jianxing , Zhong Yi , Liu Yanguang , Liu Qingsong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe mid-latitude westerly winds are a major component of the global atmospheric circulation and a dominant factor in mid-latitude climate change. Understanding their behaviour and the controls on their variations under different climate background states is essential for assessing climate system feedback. Here we present a midlatitude North Pacific Ocean aeolian dust record from core NP02 through the last glacial cycle, during which extreme and abrupt climatic oscillations occurred. We find low dust contents during Heinrich stadials 2, 4, 5, and 5a that we attribute using proxy-model comparison to westerly transportation path changes associated with Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) reductions, which caused North Atlantic cooling and modified the westerly wave train pattern, particularly over the Tibetan Plateau. The finding that AMOC variations had significant impacts on the westerlies half-way around the world, through ocean-atmosphere interactions, improves understanding of large-scale westerly sensitivity to different climate states.
To clump or not to clump
Authors: Rübke K. , Herrero A. , Puls J. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Winds of massive stars have density inhomogeneities (clumping) that may affect the formation of spectral lines in different ways, depending on their formation region. Most of previous and current spectroscopic analyses have been performed in the optical or ultraviolet domain. However, massive stars are often hidden behind dense clouds rendering near-infrared observations necessary. It is thus inevitable to compare the results of such analyses and the effects of clumping in the optical and the near-infrared, where lines share most of the line formation region.
Aims. Our objective is to investigate whether a spectroscopic analysis using either optical or infrared observations results in the same stellar parameters with comparable accuracy, and whether clumping affects them in different ways.
Methods. We analyzed optical and near-infrared observations of a set of massive O stars with spectral types O4-O9.5 and all luminosity classes. We used Fastwind model atmospheres with and without optically thin clumping. We first studied the differences in the stellar parameters derived from the optical and the infrared using unclumped models. Based on a coarse model grid, different clumping stratifications were tested. A subset of four linear clumping laws was selected to study the differences in the stellar parameters derived from clumped and unclumped models, and from the optical and the infrared wavelength regions.
Results. We obtain similar stellar parameters in the optical and the infrared, although with larger uncertainties in the near-infrared, both with and without clumping, albeit with some individual deviating cases. We find that the inclusion of clumping improves the fit to Hα or He II 4686 in the optical for supergiants, as well as that of Brγ in the near-infrared, but it sometimes worsens the fit to He II 2.18 μm. Globally, there are no significant differences when using the clumping laws tested in this work. We also find that the high-lying Br lines in the infrared should be studied in more detail in the future.
Conclusions. The infrared can be used for spectroscopic analyses, giving similar parameters as from the optical, though with larger uncertainties. The best fits to different lines are obtained with different (linear) clumping laws, indicating that the wind structure may be more complex than adopted in the present work. No clumping law results in a better global fit, or improves the consistency between optical and infrared stellar parameters. Our work shows that the optical and infrared lines are not sufficient to break the dichotomy between the mass-loss rate and clumping factor.
Dossier « Recherches sur la question animale : entre mobilisations sociétales et innovations technologiques » – Quelques évolutions des idées autour du comportement animal et du bien-être animal : un éthologue face à la société
Authors: Le Neindre Pierre 
Published: September 2023

L’auteur porte son regard sur son implication à l’Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement (INRAE) dans le développement de l’éthologie appliquée au cours des cinq dernières décennies. Cette discipline accompagnait à l’origine des études zootechniques pour améliorer la productivité des animaux. Progressivement, l’animal et son ressenti ont été pris comme objets d’attention et de recherche du fait de l’avancement des connaissances mais surtout de l’intérêt de la société pour les conditions de vie des animaux, pour ce qui est désormais appelé leur « bien-être ». Le premier objectif des chercheurs a été de chercher à minimiser les douleurs et les souffrances générées par les techniques d’élevage. Par la suite, les plaisirs ont été également pris en compte. Pour cela, il a été nécessaire de comprendre le ressenti des animaux et la conscience qu’ils avaient de la situation qu’ils vivaient. Ce travail a été souvent conduit dans le cadre de réflexions pluridisciplinaires, en particulier d’expertises collectives.
Hidden in the fog: morphological and molecular characterisation ofDerogenes varicus sensu stricto(Trematoda, Derogenidae) from Sweden and Norway, and redescription of two poorly knownDerogenesspecies
Authors: Bouguerche Chahinez , Huston Daniel C. , Cribb Thomas H. , Karlsbakk Egil , Ahmed Mohammed , Holovachov Oleksandr 
Published: September 2023

Derogenes varicus(Müller, 1784) is widely reported as a trematode with exceptionally low host specificity and a wide, bipolar distribution. However, several recent studies have suggested thatD.varicusrepresents a species complex and based on molecular evidence, four genetic lineages (labeled as “DV1–4”) have been designated within theD. varicusspecies complex. This possibility requires improved (ideally molecular) characterisation of specimens from the type-host (Salmo salar) and type-locality (off Denmark). During examination of trematode parasites of fish from Scandinavian and Arctic waters (Sweden and Norway), we found specimens ofD. varicusin the stomach ofMerlangius merlangusoff the coast of Sweden, and inGadus morhuaoff the coast of Sweden and Norway; we compared them toD. varicusfrom the type-host, the Atlantic salmonSalmo salarfrom Norway, to verify their conspecificity. Newly generated sequences (28S rDNA, ITS2 andcox1) of Scandinavian and Arctic specimens consistent withD. varicusall formed a single clade, DV1. 28S sequences ofD. varicusfromS. salarfrom Norway, i.e., close to the Danish type locality, clustered within the DV1 clade along with sequences ofD. varicusfrom various hosts includingLimanda limanda,G. morhuaandMyoxocephalus scorpiusfrom the White Sea and the Barents Sea (Russia), without any host-related structuring. We thus consider that the lineage DV1 representsD. varicus sensu stricto. Additionally, specimens fromM. merlangushad a similar morphology and anatomy to those ofD. varicusfromL. limanda,G. morhuaandM. scorpiusfrom T. Odhner’s collection, supporting the presence of a single species in the DV1 lineage designated herein asD. varicus sensu stricto. We redescribeD. varicus sensu stricto, add new morphological characters and provide morphometric data. We infer thatD. varicustypes DV2–4 all relate to separate species. We also revise type-specimens ofDerogenes minorLooss, 1901 from the A. Looss collection in the Swedish Museum of Natural History and provide redescriptions of it and of the type-species of the genus,Derogenes ruberLühe, 1900. In light of their morphological distinctiveness relative toD. varicus sensu stricto,we reinstateD. parvusSzidat, 1950 andD. fuhrmanniMola, 1912.