bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASPEN study case: real time in situ tomato detection and localization for yield estimation
Authors: Chiang Camilo , Tran Daniel , Camps Cedric 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As human population continue to increase, our food production system is challenged. With tomatoes as the main indoor produced fruit, the selection of adapter varieties to each specific condition and higher yields is an imperative task if we wish to supply the growing demand of coming years. To help farmers and researchers in the task of phenotyping, we here present a study case of the Agroscope phenotyping tool (ASPEN) in tomato under indoor conditions. We prove that using the ASPEN pipeline it is possible to obtain real time in situ yield estimation not only in a commercial-like greenhouse level but also within growing line. To discuss our results, we analyse the two main steps of the pipeline in a desktop computer: object detection and tracking, and yield prediction. Thanks to the use of YOLOv5, we reach a mean average precision for all categories of 0.85 at interception over union 0.5 with an inference time of 8 ms, who together with the best multiple object tracking (MOT) tested allows to reach a 0.97 correlation value compared with the real harvest number of tomatoes and a 0.91 correlation when considering yield thanks to the usage of a SLAM algorithm. Moreover, the ASPEN pipeline demonstrated to predict also the sub following harvests. Confidently, our results demonstrate in situ size and quality estimation per fruit, which could be beneficial for multiple users. To increase accessibility and usage of new technologies, we make publicly available the required hardware material and software to reproduce this pipeline, which include a dataset of more than 850 relabelled images for the task of tomato object detection and the trained YOLOv5 model[1]
[1]https://github.com/camilochiang/aspen
Evaluation of Viaducts' Contribution to Road Network Accessibility in Yunnan–Guizhou Area Based on Node Deletion Method
Authors: Wang Zichen , Cheng Changxiu , Guo Lanlan , Liu Shan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
It is necessary to evaluate the construction effect of viaducts and identify the viaducts that play a key role in road networks. Based on the node deletion method, this paper proposes a method to identify the importance of viaducts in road networks. After applying this method to simulate the importance of viaducts in the highway networks in Yunnan and Guizhou Provinces from 2001 to 2020, the results show the following: (1) The viaducts with high importance were mainly built in 2002, 2009, 2015 and 2016. They are mainly distributed on expressways, such as the HUKUN Expressway, HANGRUI Expressway and YINBAI Expressway. Among the viaducts, the Mengzhai Bridge and Beipanjiang Bridge Hukun are the most important. (2) The importance of viaducts will increase, decrease or increase first and then decrease after viaduct construction. Among the years studied, 2012 and 2016 are important time nodes for change. The trend of changes is affected by the construction of highways and viaducts in other locations. In this road network, there are strong coupling relationships between nodes. (3) The importance of some viaducts is not prominent in the whole region, but that does not mean that their construction value is low. They may have a high connectivity effect on specific regions from a local perspective.
Case Report: Congenital Pseudoacorea in an ocular Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome: What is it?
Authors: Alza Andres German 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This is a descriptive summary of the case of a patient with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome associated with a congenital malformation of the iris and consequent pupillary morphological alteration of an atypical characteristic reported. This anomaly is unique in scientific literature and exhibits a peculiarity that we have called pseudoacorea: hidden pupil. Other associated abnormal clinical findings were posterior embryotoxon, astigmatism, amblyopia, and exotropia. Diagnosis was achieved by instilling ocular mydriatics into the cul-de-sac that revealed this peculiarity. It is necessary to make a differential diagnosis with other pupillary pathologies such as corectopia, acorea and microcoria. Early detection of pathology and surgical management is necessary, since it would lead to a better visual prognosis for both amblyopia and strabismus.
Replica method for eigenvalues of real Wishart product matrices
Authors: Zavatone-Veth Jacob A. , Pehlevan Cengiz 
Published: April 2023

We show how the replica method can be used to compute the asymptotic eigenvalue spectrum of a real Wishart product matrix. For unstructured factors, this provides a compact, elementary derivation of a polynomial condition on the Stieltjes transform first proved by Müller [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory. 48, 2086-2091 (2002)]. We then show how this computation can be extended to ensembles where the factors are drawn from matrix Gaussian distributions with general correlation structure. For both unstructured and structured ensembles, we derive polynomial conditions on the average values of the minimum and maximum eigenvalues, which in the unstructured case match the results obtained by Akemann, Ipsen, and Kieburg [Phys. Rev. E 88, 052118 (2013)] for the complex Wishart product ensemble.
Change analysis of All India and regional rainfall data series at annual and monsoon scales
Authors: Jain Sharad K. , Xu Chong-Yu , Zhou Yanlai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRainfall characteristics are changing due to several reasons and change/trend detection is required. Literature survey reveals many relevant studies whose outcomes are divergent, possibly because different data series and different methodologies have been applied. This paper presents a critical appraisal of past studies and methodologies for trend analysis. Results of trend analysis of Indian rainfall data are presented. Data for all of India and for five homogenous regions (North-West, Central North-East, North-East, West Central, and Peninsular India) for 1871–2016 were used. The Pettitt change point test, regression, Mann-Kendall (MK), and Wavelet Decomposition were used to study different aspects of changes. Results of the change point test showed that most rainfall series had change points around 1957–65, possibly due to large-scale land use, cultivation, irrigation, and industrial changes in this period. Generally, rainfall for most homogenous regions and sub-divisions show falling trends; some are statistically significant. Series was also decomposed by the wavelet method. Approximate and detailed components of some decomposed series showed a significant declining trend. This work has focused on the magnitude of rainfalls; trends in rainfall intensities are also important. It is necessary to establish denser observation networks to collect short-term data and analyze.
Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome Post COVID-19 Infection in an Arab
Female: A Case Report of a Rare Manifestation
Authors: Al Tamakee Areen Yousef , Mohamed Fayad Hesham , Jhancy Malay 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome is a rare but severe complication in children and adolescents infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Case report:
This report describes a four-year-old Arab descent female presenting with a history of high-grade fever of 7 days duration with erythematous rash
and family history of COVID infection suggestive of atypical Kawasaki disease, which turned out to be multisystemic inflammatory syndrome
(MIS-C) post COVID infection. Based on the available published evidence, the World Health Organization has provided a preliminary definition
of MIS-C as “children and adolescents 0–19 years of age with fever > 3 days presenting with two of five clinical criteria, such as 1. skin rash or
mucocutaneous inflammation or non-purulent conjunctivitis, 2. hypotensive shock, 3. signs of myocardial dysfunction, 4. coagulopathy, and 5. the
acute gastrointestinal problem, elevated inflammatory markers, no evidence of other microbial infections, and evidence of COVID-19 (RT-PCR,
antigen test or serology positive), or likely contact with patients with COVID-19”.

Case Report:
Some criteria are similar, and others are different from Kawasaki disease and toxic shock syndrome, such as the presence of rash, conjunctivitis,
mucocutaneous inflammation, and coronaries involvement are shared criteria between Kawasaki and MIS-C, whereas hypotensive shock and
coagulopathy are shared criteria between MIS-C and toxic shock syndrome. The positive testing for COVID-19 in the absence of microbiological
isolation confirms MIS-C.

Conclusion:
Among the complications of COVID-19 infection, MIS-C is rare. Owing to the management differences among Kawasaki, toxic shock syndrome, and MIS-C, timely diagnosis of MIS-C saves the children from a poor outcome.
Wilms Tumor and Consanguinity: A Case Report
Authors: Patil Jayaditya Devpal , Nassef Sefen Jessica Atef , Raj Pandey Prince , Corbally Martin 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Wilms tumor, the second most common malignancy in childhood, is associated with hypertension in half the cases, but associated consanguinity rarely comes across, and no direct association between the incidence of nephroblastoma and consanguinity has been noted in current literature.

Case presentation:
We present a rare case of Wilms tumor in a patient with consanguineous parents. The patient is a 4-year-old female that presented with colicky
abdominal pain associated with an abdominal mass, fever over one month and hypertension. There were no congenital anomalies or urinary
symptoms. Both parents are first-degree relatives. The patient underwent surgery, and histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of Wilms tumor. The
postoperative course was uneventful, and chemotherapeutic treatment was initiated.

Conclusion:
The findings in our case highlight a possible causal relationship between Wilms Tumor and consanguinity. There is little published about this, and Wilms's relative risk in consanguineous marriage is unknown. This relationship warrants further research.
An Overview of Recent Advances in Hantzsch’s Multicomponent Synthesis of 1,4-
Dihydropyridines: A Class of Prominent Calcium Channel Blockers
Authors: Saini Keshav Kumar , Rani Rupal , Muskan  , Khanna Neena , Mehta Bhupinder , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Among all the heterocyclic scaffolds, 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHPs) is an important
class of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds possessing prominent therapeutic
effects, which play an essential role in pharmaceutical chemistry. Multicomponent reactions
(MCRs) have proven to be an invaluable tool for swiftly synthesizing large and structurally diverse
molecules from simple starting materials. The chemists have discovered a large number
of new MCRs for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine. The synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridine
via multicomponent reaction is an efficient procedure in terms of delivering adequate structural
diversity, which is essential for the process of discovering new 1,4-DHPs compounds and their
therapeutics.1,4-dihydropyridines are well-known L-type calcium channel blockers. This review
aims to study and summarize the recent developments in the multicomponent synthesis of
1,4-dihydropyridines and their fused analogs that act as potent antihypertensive drugs. The findings of this study
will prove to be an invaluable resource for researchers in the areas of heterocyclic chemistry, medicinal chemistry,
and drug design.
Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Reveal the Antioxidant
Potential of Mangiferin from Mango Peel
Authors: Zhang Guangjie , Xue Peiyu , Zhao Hongmei , Guan Tianzhu , Ma Zheng 
Published: April 2023

Background:
As one of the main by-products of mango production, the mango peel is rich in
multiple polyphenols, such as mangiferin. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the potential
mechanism of mangiferin for nutrition intervention of oxidative stress-related diseases.

Methods:
Mangiferin was extracted and purified from the mango peel and was identified by the reverse
phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant potential of mangiferin was determined
in vitro (potassium ferricyanide reducing capacity, DPPH, hydroxyl radicals scavenging ability, and superoxide
anion radicals reducing capacity). In order to explore the potential mechanism for the antioxidant
activity of mangiferin, a combination of network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches
was performed.

Results:
The purity of mangiferin from the mango peel was ≥ 95.0%, and its antioxidant activity was
confirmed by different in vitro assays. ALB, ESR1, CASP8, CASP3, BCL2L1, CXCL8, AKT1, CTNNB,
and EGFR were identified as the potential oxidative stress-related targets of mangiferin. These results
suggested that mangiferin might play a key role in the antioxidant process through multi-targets.

Conclusion:
Integrated with network pharmacology and molecular docking methods, this work demonstrated
the potential mechanism of mangiferin for nutrition intervention of oxidative stress-related diseases.
Gold-catalyzed Reactions of Substituted 1,5-diynes: Recent Advances and
their Chemistry
Authors: Kumar Perla Bharath , Damodar Kongara , Suneel Kanaparthy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Diynes are identified as exceptionally potent and superior substrates in gold-catalyzed organic
transformations. Gold (I) and gold (III) complexes exhibit unique activity towards diynes, encouraging
the nucleophilic addition of different functional groups both inter and intra- molecularly. In
this review, particularly, we focused on recent advances in gold-catalyzed reactions of 1,5-diynes
along with their mechanistic aspects. These reactions are interesting for constructing molecular complexity,
medicinal chemistry, and material science.
Functional Modification of Meta-aramid: A Review
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Wang Xiaoyan , Xu Changhai , Jiang Yang , Du Jinmei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Meta-aramid is a high-performance polymer based on amide aromatic rings, which has excellent
properties because of its amide bonds and rigid aromaticity. Meta-aramid has been widely used
in the fields of transportation, energy, communication, high-performance protective clothing, military,
and aerospace due to its extraordinary thermal stability, mechanical properties, and chemical structural
stability. Compared to aliphatic polyamides, meta-aramid has higher stiffness and glass transition
temperature. In addition, meta-aramid has poor solubility, and the interfacial compatibility with other
materials needs to be improved. Therefore, meta-aramid is modified by copolymerization and surface
grafting for the purpose of intensifying its functions. The purpose of this review is to discuss the
methods for modification of meta-aramid and the properties of the modified meta-aramids.
Classification of Brain Tumours in MRI Images using a Convolutional Neural
Network
Authors: Gupta Isha , Singh Swati , Gupta Sheifali , Ranjan  Nayak Soumya 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Recent advances in deep learning have aided the well-being business in Medical Imaging of numerous disorders like brain tumours, a serious
malignancy caused by unregulated and aberrant cell portioning. The most frequent and widely used machine learning algorithm for visual learning
and image identification is CNN.

Methods::
In this article, the convolutional neural network (CNN) technique is used. Augmentation of data and processing of images is used to classify scan
imagery of brain MRI as malignant or benign. The performance of the proposed CNN model is compared with pre-trained models: VGG-16,
ResNet-50, and Inceptionv3 using the technique which is transfer learning.

Results::
Even though the experiment was conducted on a relatively limited dataset, the experimental results reveal that the suggested scratched CNN model
accuracy achieved is 94%, VGG-16 was extremely effective and had a very low complexity rate with an accuracy of 90%, whereas ResNet- 50
reached 86% and Inception v3 obtained 64% accuracy.

Conclusion::
When compared to previous pre-trained models, the suggested model consumes significantly less processing resources and achieves significantly
higher accuracy outcomes and a reduction in losses.
The Possibility of Polygonum cuspidatum against Osteoarthritis based on
Network Pharmacology
Authors: Liu Chengyin , Yu Lingyun , Jiang Yixin , Gu Songlian , Li Chenjian , Yin Wen , Zhou Zhenlei 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Polygonum cuspidatum (PC), a widely used Chinese herbal medicine
(CHM), plays an important role in treating various diseases including osteoarthritis (OA). Yet, the
multicomponent and multitarget characteristics of PC make deciphering the pharmacological
mechanisms difficult.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to identify the core molecular mechanisms of PC against OA.

Methods:
The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used
to search for the active ingredients of PC. GeneCards was then screened to establish relevant databases
for OA. A visual interactive network diagram of the relationship between the active ingredient,
action target, and disease was built using Uniprot. Finally, we used STRING (Search Tool for
the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) database to explain the interaction network of proteins
and to further analyze the relationships between related proteins.

Results:
PC was screened for nine potentially effective active compounds that can be used to treat
OA: 6,8-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone, rhein, physovenine, beta-sitosterol, picralinal, quercetin,
luteolin, catechin, and resveratrol. Using GeneCards database and TCMSP database, we obtained
149 OA-related genes after taking the intersection of OA and PC targets. Moreover, eight core
target proteins were calculated by CytoNCA plugin, which is used for network centrality analysis.
The enrichment analysis of the common target genes shared by PC and OA unraveled the main biological
processes, such as responses to lipopolysaccharide, chemical stress, and reactive oxygen species.
Previous research has demonstrated that signaling pathways related to apoptosis, inflammation,
and cartilage protection are involved with those core target genes we found, like TNF and PI3K-Akt
signaling pathways. The results bring that PC similarly has the potential to treat OA.

Conclusion:
The main purpose of this study is to screen the active ingredients and most important
target molecules of PC in treating OA. This was achieved using bioinformatic tools and databases
to investigate molecular docking technology. The findings provide a theoretical foundation and
potential new treatment plan for OA using PC.
Delayed Wound Healing in the Elderly and a New Therapeutic Target:
CD271
Authors: Zhao Hongqing , Fan Sirui , Sun Jiachen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
With the development of society, the global population is showing a trend of aging. It is well
known that age is one of the factors affecting wound healing. Aging compromises the normal physiological
process of wound healing, such as the change of skin structure, the decrease of growth factors, the
deceleration of cell proliferation, and the weakening of migration ability, hence delaying wound healing.
At present, research in adult stem cell-related technology and its derived regenerative medicine provides a
novel idea for the treatment of senile wounds. Studies have confirmed that CD271 (P75 neurotropism
receptor/P75NTR)-positive cells (CD271+ cells) are a kind of stem cells with a stronger ability of proliferation,
differentiation, migration and secretion than CD271 negative (CD271- cells). Meanwhile, the total
amount and distribution of CD271 positive cells in different ages of skin are also different, which may be
related to the delayed wound healing of aging skin. Therefore, this article reviews the relationship between
CD271+ cells and senile wounds and discusses a new scheme for the treatment of senile wounds.
Development of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse
Transcriptase Fused with Archaeal DNA-binding Protein Sis7a
Authors: Simanjuntak Goldyna M. , Fibriani Azzania , Fananda Amalia A. , Yamahoki Nicholas 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase (MMLV
RT) is a common enzyme used to convert RNA sequences into cDNA. However, it still has
its shortcomings, especially in terms of processivity and thermostability. According to a
previous patent, the fusion of polymerase enzyme to an archaeal DNA-binding protein has
been proven to enhance its performance. Furthermore, recent studies have also stated that
the fusion of a polymerase enzyme to an archaeal DNA-binding protein is predicted to improve
its thermostability and processivity.

Aim:
As an early stage of enzyme development, this study aimed to design, express, and
purify enzymatically active MMLV RT fused with archaeal DNA-binding protein.

Methods:
RT fusion proteins were designed and evaluated using in silico methods. The RT
fusion enzyme was then expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and purified. Its reverse
transcriptional activity was proved using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase
chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results:
This study showed that MMLV RT fusion with Sis7a protein at its C-terminal end
using commercial linker (GGVDMI) produced the best in silico evaluation results. The RT
fusion was successfully expressed and purified. It was also known that the optimal condition
for expression of the RT fusion was using 0.5 mM IPTG with post-induction incubation
at room temperature (± 26°C) for 16 hours. In addition, the activity assay proved that
the RT fusion has the reverse transcriptional activity.

Conclusion:
This study shows that the designed MMLV RT Sis7a fusion can be expressed
and purified, is enzymatically active, and has the potential to be developed as an improved
RT enzyme. Further study is still needed to prove its thermostability and processivity, and
further characterize, and plan production scale-up of the MMLV RT Sis7a fusion for commercial
use.
Studies on Variability of Physico-Biochemical Parameters of Mango Fruit
Authors: KK PATEL , KAR1 ABHIJIT 
Published: April 2023

More than a thousand varieties of mango (Mangifera indica L.) are grown in India. Their quality attributes not only differed altogether but also depends on their maturity and storage after harvest. An experiment on four mango varieties harvested at pre-, optimum, and over-maturity stages from different orchards was conducted in this study. The effect of varieties and harvest stage, and their interactions on external diameters, arithmetic and geometric mean diameters, sphericity, and aspect ratio was analyzed. Similarly, the change in peel color values, specific gravity, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and total carotenoids with respect to varieties, harvest stage, and storage periods and their interactions were analyzed statistically. Dimensions, size, weight, volume, aspect ratio, and sphericity varied significantly among the cultivars and were found to be increased significantly from the pre-to-over maturity stage. Interaction between the harvest stage and cultivars also had a significant (p<0.05) effect on the fruit’s breadth, thickness, size, weight, volume, aspect ratio, and sphericity (except on length). Similarly, specific gravity and peel color values and biochemical attributes were also found to be changed significantly among the cultivars, maturity stages, and storage periods. The effect of their interactions on peel color values and bio-chemical properties was also significant. However, there is an insignificant effect of interactions on the specific gravity of mangoes. Results concluded that most of the physical and biochemical parameters of mangoes were variable and dependent on cultivar type, maturity stage and storage period, and on their interactions. This study, therefore, can be fruitful during the designing of processing equipment and can be helpful in the post-harvest management of mangoes