bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of splenic preservation among patients with sickle cell disease in North‐Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ladu Adama I. , Jeffery Caroline , Farate Abubakar , Farouk Abubakar G. , Abba Aisha M. , Adekile Adekunle , Bates Imelda 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), the spleen commonly enlarges during early childhood, but undergoes reduction in size and fibrosis from repeated episodes of vaso‐occlusion and infarction. The rate of progression of this process varies markedly among these patients. The aim of current study was to explore clinical and laboratory factors associated with the preservation of the spleen among these patients.MethodsTwo hundred four patients with SCD (103 females; age 1–45 years) underwent abdominal ultrasonography at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria between October 2020 and November 2021 to assess for splenic visualisation and echotexture. Steady‐state clinical parameters and blood samples for full blood count, serum chemistry, high‐performance liquid chromatography and malaria parasitemia were obtained from all the patients.ResultsThe spleen was visualised in 107 (52.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 46%–59%) patients with SCD on ultrasonography. While the spleen was visualised in all children less than 5 years of age, it was visualised in only 23.5% of those aged 15 years and older. Visualisation of the spleen was significantly associated with low mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and high haemoglobin F (HbF) in those younger than 10 years. The odds of visualisation of the spleen on ultrasonography increased by a factor of 1.17% for every 1% increase in HbF level. Only 32 (15%) patients were on regular hydroxyurea therapy. The HbF level was significantly higher among patients on hydroxyurea (median 12.7 vs. 7.4; p < 0.0001).ConclusionIn patients with SCD, failure to visualise the spleen was not found in children less than 5 years old. Patients with visualised spleens had a higher level of HbF than those with non‐visualised spleens. HbF was significantly associated with visualisation of the spleen before 10 years of age. Since early administration of hydroxyurea will increase HbF level, we expect that it would help to preserve the spleen.
The API ICP Exam Handbook: Complete Guide to Passing the API 510/570/653 ICP Exams
Authors: Matthews Clifford 
Published: July 2023

This 820‐page handbook is your learning guide to passing all three main API ICP examinations.
It covers the full scope of:
API 510: Pressure Vessel Inspector
API 570: Piping Inspector
API 653: Above Ground Storage Tank Inspector
API ICP examinations are a stringent test of candidates’ ability to assimilate several thousand pages of code material and answer a large number of open and closed‐book exam questions over a 7 ½ hour exam session.
This handbook covers the API Bodies of Knowledge (BoK) for these three certification examinations in a structured way that makes the material easy to understand and learn. 270+ figures and flowcharts explain the code principles and content with specific reference to code clauses and exam question types used.
Learning methods are provided to help exam candidates understand ICP exam questions and compile their own learning program for the Boks. Sample questions and mock examinations are provided with worked calculation examples. The handbook is updated to match new API ICP exam formats and Alternative Question Types.
The Influence of Isokinetic Trunk Flexor and Extensor Strength on Dynamic Balance in Children
Authors: Eustace Steven James , Wdowski Maximilian , Tallis Jason , Duncan Michael 
Published: July 2023

This study assessed whether trunk flexor and extensor strength were predictors of time to stability (TTS) and center of pressure (CoP) during hop and hold tasks in children. Seventeen boys (age, 10.1 ± 1.6 years; height, 1.45 ± 0.11 m; mass, 26.7 ± 7.83 kg) undertook isokinetic strength assessments of concentric and eccentric trunk flexors/extensors at 60°/s, and anterior/medial hop tasks. Hierarchical multiple regressions determined whether concentric and eccentric trunk flexor/extensor peak torques predict TTS using a composite score (CompX CompY CompZ) and CoPX and CoPY. Concentric trunk flexors were the strongest predictor for TTS CompXY, with concentric flexion and eccentric extension predicting TTS CompY. All muscle actions were also strong predictors for CoPY during hop tasks. These findings have implications for the assessment of trunk musculature strength and measures of postural control within a young healthy population. The development of trunk musculature strength may aid improvements in dynamic balance tasks in children, with implications for fall and injury risk. To improve trunk musculature strength and the potential to maintain postural control, a combination of concentric and eccentric exercises with other training modalities appears relevant due to the increased relevance to the demands of balance maintenance.
Complete genome sequence of “
Candidatus
Phytoplasma pruni” PR2021, an uncultivated bacterium associated with poinsettia (
Euphorbia pulcherrima
)
Authors: Pei Shen-Chian , Chen Ai-Ping , Chou Shu-Jen , Hung Ting-Hsuan , Kuo Chih-Horng 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of “
Candidatus
Phytoplasma pruni” strain PR2021, which consists of one 705,138 bp circular chromosome and one 4,757 bp circular plasmid, is presented in this work. This bacterium is associated with poinsettia (
Euphorbia pulcherrima
) cultivar “Princettia Pink.”
Magnitude and influencing factors of work-related low back pain among high school teachers in West Arsi zone, Southwest Ethiopia: evidenced from multicentred cross-sectional study
Authors: Gemedo Shambel , Andualem Zewudu , Hailu Tesfaye Amensisa , Dessie Awrajaw 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low back pain and its associated factors among high school teachers in the West Arsi zone, Southwest Ethiopia.DesignA school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2020. A self-administered structured Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to assess low back pain during the past 12 months. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was carried out using Stata V.14. The degree of significance was obtained at a 95% CI and p<0.05.SettingThe study was conducted in the West Arsi zone, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 602 teachers participated in this study.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome is the prevalence of low back pain.ResultsThe prevalence of low back pain during the last 12 months was found to be 63.73% (95% CI 59.77% to 67.70%). About 225 (39.61%) teachers experienced moderate pain, and (89.79%) of them had a minimal disability. Being unmarried (adjusted OR (AOR) 0.47, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.79), prolonged standing (AOR 2.31, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.60), sleeping disturbance (AOR 3.22, 95% CI 1.41 to 7.36), regular physical activity (AOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.84), current smoker (AOR 2.83, 95% CI 1.04 to 7.67), lifting heavy load (AOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.28), psychological job demand (AOR 2.86, 95% CI 1.69 to 4.84) and job satisfaction (AOR 0.46, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.79) were associated with low back pain.ConclusionThe prevalence of low back pain was high in this study. Prolonged standing, sleep disruption, heavy load lifting, cigarette smoking and psychological job demand were risk factors for low back pain. Physical exercise and workplace satisfaction were effective interventions. Emphasis should now be put on ergonomics, regular physical activity and psychosocial factors to lessen the problem.
Disparities in sport participation of transgender women: a systematic and scoping review protocol
Authors: Hamdan Jessica L , Shipper Andrea Goldstein , Roth Stephanie , Zisman-Ilani Yaara 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionTransgender women experience disparities in sport participation that are exacerbated by policies from sport organisations and legislation in the USA regulating the participation of transgender women in the category that best aligns with their gender identity. Both transgender and cisgender women are affected by these policies because sport organisations do not have a clear understanding of the effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on transgender women and the unfair advantage they may have over cisgender women athletes. This article describes a review protocol to understand disparities in sport participation of transgender women.Methods and analysisA systematic and scoping review is being conducted. Studies are included if they explore disparities in sport participation (ie, participation rates, real and/or perceived barriers to participation) of transgender women of any age. A search strategy has been developed for PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and CINAHL. Relevant grey literature will also be scanned. The planned search dates are July and August 2023.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not directly involve human subjects, so ethical approval is not required. Findings from the systematic review will be disseminated via publications in peer-reviewed journals and conferences.
Improved screening of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP): development of a target product profile (TPP) for resource-limited settings
Authors: Kirby Rebecca P , Malik Aeesha N J , Palamountain Kara M , Gilbert Clare E 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAs more preterm infants survive, complications of preterm birth, including retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), become more prevalent. ROP rates and blindness from ROP are higher in low-income and middle-income countries, where exposure to risk factors can be higher and where detection and treatment of ROP are under-resourced or non-existent. Access to low-cost imaging devices would improve remote screening capabilities for ROP.MethodsTarget product profiles (TPPs) are developed early in the medical device development process to define the setting, target user and range of product requirements. A Delphi-like process, consisting of an online survey and consensus meeting, was used to develop a TPP for an ROP imaging device, collecting feedback on a proposed set of 64 product requirements.ResultsThirty-six stakeholders from 17 countries provided feedback: clinicians (72%), product developers (14%), technicians (6%) and other (8%). Thirty-six per cent reported not currently screening for ROP, with cited barriers including cost (44%), no training (17%) and poor image quality (16%). Among those screening (n=23), 48% use more than one device, with the most common being an indirect ophthalmoscope (87%), followed by RetCam (26%) and smartphone with image capture (26%). Consensus was reached on 53 (83%) product requirements. The 11 remaining were discussed at the consensus meeting, and all but two achieved consensus.ConclusionsThis TPP process was novel in that it successfully brought together diverse stakeholders to reach consensus on the product requirements for an ROP imaging devices. The resulting TPP provides a framework from which innovators can develop prototypes.
Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs associated with different diabetes risks in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Su Yu-Jih , Chen Hui-Ming , Chan Tien-Ming , Cheng Tien-Tsai , Yu Shan-Fu , Chen Jia-Feng , Lin Chun-Yu , Hsu Chung-Yuan 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesPatients with rheumatoid arthritis are prone to developing diabetes, which may lead to various sequelae and even cardiovascular diseases, the most common cause of death in such patients. Previous research has shown that some rheumatoid arthritis treatments may help prevent the development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether patients using disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may have different levels of risk for diabetes and to analyse other risk factors for diabetes.MethodsThis cohort study used data from the Chang Gung Research Database. 5530 adults with rheumatoid arthritis but without diabetes were eligible for the analysis. The endpoint of this study was new-onset diabetes, defined as an HbA1c value ≥7% during follow-up. The entire follow-up period was divided into monthly subunits. These 1-month units were then divided into methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy, any biological DMARDs (bDMARDs), MTX combination, other conventional DMARDs (cDMARDs) and non-DMARDs.ResultsA total of 546 participants (9.87%) developed diabetes between 2001 and 2018. The risk of diabetes was significantly lower in the bDMARD periods (HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.83), MTX combination periods (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.78) and other cDMARD periods (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.84) than in the MTX monotherapy periods. Individual drug analysis showed that hydroxychloroquine (HR 0.52; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.65) reduced the risk of diabetes. Tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors (HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.03) tended to be protective.ConclusionPatients with rheumatoid arthritis may have different levels of risk of diabetes depending on the treatment options.
Heat and mass transfer analysis of nonmiscible couple stress fluid in a porous saturated channel
Authors: Yadav Pramod Kumar , Kumar Ankit , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: July 2023

The present flow problem analyzes the impact of radiative heat and mass transfer with inclined magnetic field on thermal exchange and entropy production of two immiscible nature of electrically conducting couple stress fluid in a static porous saturated conduit. In this model, the lower and upper porous regions of the rectangular channel are occupied by two different types of couple stress fluids. The static horizontal parallel plates of the porous duct are completely isothermal and the flow of immiscible fluid through the porous duct develops because of a constant pressure gradient at the entry zone of the duct. The Brinkman model is utilized in the modeling of fluid flow through porous saturated domain and Rosseland’s approximation is utilized to compute the radiative thermal exchange effect on nonmiscible couple stress fluid. In this work, authors have analyzed the effect of various thermo-physical parameters such as the Hartmann number (Ha), permeability parameter (Da), Schmidt number (Sc), Soret number (Sr) and couple stress parameter ([Formula: see text]) on the entropy generation characteristics, Bejan number distribution, thermal behavior, concentration distribution and flow characteristics of immiscible couple stress fluid which passes through the porous channel. The parameters Ha, Da, [Formula: see text], Sc, Sr correspond to magnetic field effect, permeability of porous media, couple stress, mass diffusion and thermal diffusion, respectively. The most significant findings of this research work are as follows: • In a porous saturated channel, the immiscible couple stress fluid velocity, entropy production number and thermal profile get enhanced on increasing the couple stress parameter. • On increasing the Hartmann number and decreasing the permeability of porous region, the thermal properties and entropy production number both decrease. • The couple stress fluid’s concentration field and Bejan number distribution get decreased on enhancing Soret number Sr and Schmidt number Sc. • The entropy generation near the wall of the channel rapidly increases on increasing the Schmidt number and Soret number. The emerging finding of this research work exhibits excellent agreement with previously published work. This research work can be utilized in food processing, petroleum products and chemical process.
Relationship Between In-Hospital Adverse Events and Hospital Performance on 30-Day All-cause Mortality and Readmission for Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Wang Yun , Eldridge Noel , Metersky Mark L. , Rodrick David , Eckenrode Sheila , Mathew Jasie , Galusha Deron H. , Peterson Andrea A. , Hunt David , Normand Sharon-Lise T. , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Hospitals with high mortality and readmission rates for patients with heart failure (HF) might also perform poorly in other quality concepts. We sought to evaluate the association between hospital performance on mortality and readmission with hospital performance rates of safety adverse events.

METHODS:
This cross-sectional study linked the 2009 to 2019 patient-level adverse events data from the Medicare Patient Safety Monitoring System, a randomly selected medical records-abstracted patient safety database, to the 2005 to 2016 hospital-level HF-specific 30-day all-cause mortality and readmissions data from the United States Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Hospitals were classified to one of 3 performance categories based on their risk-standardized 30-day all-cause mortality and readmission rates: better (both in <25th percentile), worse (both >75th percentile), and average (otherwise). Our main outcome was the occurrence (yes/no) of one or more adverse events during hospitalization. A mixed-effect model was fit to assess the relationship between a patient's risk of having adverse events and hospital performance categories, adjusted for patient and hospital characteristics.

RESULTS:
The study included 39 597 patients with HF from 3108 hospitals, of which 252 hospitals (8.1%) and 215 (6.9%) were in the better and worse categories, respectively. The rate of patients with one or more adverse events during a hospitalization was 12.5% (95% CI, 12.1–12.8). Compared with patients admitted to better hospitals, patients admitted to worse hospitals had a higher risk of one or more hospital-acquired adverse events (adjusted risk ratio, 1.24 [95% CI, 1.06–1.44]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients admitted with HF to hospitals with high 30-day all-cause mortality and readmission rates had a higher risk of in-hospital adverse events. There may be common quality issues among these 3 measure concepts in these hospitals that produce poor performance for patients with HF.
Widely Agreeable Moral Principles Support Efforts to Reduce Wild Animal Suffering
Authors: Katz Tristan David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Every day, wild animals suffer and die from myriad natural causes. For those committed to non-speciesism, what wild animal suffering entails for us morally is a question of the utmost importance, and yet there remains significant disagreement at the level of normative theory. In this paper I argue that in situations of moral urgency environmental managers and policy makers should refer to widely-agreeable moral principles for guidance. I claim that the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice do well to capture our widely-held values, and that the first three principles all support large-scale interventions in nature. I then argue that balancing these against non-maleficence will still allow for the careful consideration of interventions, although is unlikely to support lethal methods. This argument is intended to provide a reasonable starting point for theory-agnostic decision makers, and places the burden of proof on those who oppose intervention.
Retrospective cohort study of the characteristics of traveller patients presenting to the accident and emergency department of a regional hospital in Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Lok Man , Ng Lo Wa , Ko Shing , Wong Oi Fung , Shih Yau Ngai 
Published: July 2023

Background: Traveller patients have distinctive clinical characteristics compared to non-traveller patients. Local information about the clinical features of traveller patients is lacking. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of traveller patients presenting to a hospital near the Hong Kong International Airport. Methods: This was a single-centred, retrospective cohort study. Medical records of all traveller patients presenting to the Accident and Emergency Department of North Lantau Hospital in Hong Kong from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019 were reviewed. The demographics, triage category, presentation, outcomes and disposal were retrospectively evaluated and compared between traveller and non-traveller patients. Results: There were 528 traveller patients attending the Accident and Emergency Department of North Lantau Hospital during the study period, constituting 0.6% of total annual attendance. About one-third of the traveller patients required admission. The most common discharge diagnoses were gastrointestinal diseases (14.8%), followed by trauma (12.9%) and other neurological diseases (12.9%). Traveller patients had a higher rate of being triaged as critical and emergency categories (p < 0.001), higher admission rate (p < 0.001), higher need for active resuscitation (p < 0.001) and escort (p < 0.001) when compared to non-traveller patients. Around 1.3% of traveller patients presented with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and were eventually certified dead in Accident and Emergency Department. Conclusion: The traveller population constitutes a small proportion of the patient population, but they can have a significant impact on the Accident and Emergency Departments in high-impact traveller areas. Additional resources such as manpower support and training programmes would be beneficial for Accident and Emergency Departments in high-impact traveller areas.
IS-Seq: a bioinformatics pipeline for integration sites analysis with comprehensive abundance quantification methods
Authors: Yan Aimin , Baricordi Cristina , Nguyen Quoc , Barbarossa Luigi , Loperfido Mariana , Biasco Luca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Integration site (IS) analysis is a fundamental analytical platform for evaluating the safety and efficacy of viral vector based preclinical and clinical Gene Therapy (GT). A handful of groups have developed standardized bioinformatics pipelines to process IS sequencing data, to generate reports, and/or to perform comparative studies across different GT trials. Keeping up with the technological advances in the field of IS analysis, different computational pipelines have been published over the past decade. These pipelines focus on identifying IS from single-read sequencing or paired-end sequencing data either using read-based or using sonication fragment-based methods, but there is a lack of a bioinformatics tool that automatically includes unique molecular identifiers (UMI) for IS abundance estimations and allows comparing multiple quantification methods in one integrated pipeline.

Results
Here we present IS-Seq a bioinformatics pipeline that can process data from paired-end sequencing of both old restriction sites-based IS collection methods and new sonication-based IS retrieval systems while allowing the selection of different abundance estimation methods, including read-based, Fragment-based and UMI-based systems.

Conclusions
We validated the performance of IS-Seq by testing it against the most popular analytical workflow available in the literature (INSPIIRED) and using different scenarios. Lastly, by performing extensive simulation studies and a comprehensive wet-lab assessment of our IS-Seq pipeline we could show that in clinically relevant scenarios, UMI quantification provides better accuracy than the currently most widely used sonication fragment counts as a method for IS abundance estimation.