Aplikasi Mulsa Organik dan Jarak Tanam pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Pratama Dika , Hayati Erita , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak. Gulma menjadi salah satu masalah yang harus diatasi dalam budidaya kedelai. Penggunaan mulsa organik dengan jarak tanam menjadi solusi terhadap permasalahan gulma, selain itu keduanya juga dapat meningkatkan kualitas produksi sesuai harapan. Tujuan penelitian untuk dapat mengetahui pengaruh mulsa organik serta jarak tanam, dan interaksi antara kedua faktor mengenai pertumbuhan serta hasil produksi kedelai. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor peubah yang diteliti adalah mulsa organik dan jarak tanam. Faktor mulsa organik terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu: kontrol, eceng gondok dan jerami padi. Jarak tanam yaitu 40 cm x 10 cm, 40 cm x 20 cm dan 40 cm x 30 cm dan 3 taraf menjadi faktornya. Peubah yang diamati yaitu laju tinggi tanaman, jumlah biji per tanaman, bobot biji per tanaman dan hasil biji kering. Hasil uji sidik ragam menyatakan bahwa mulsa organik berpengaruh terhadap laju tinggi tanaman, jumlah biji per tanaman, bobot biji per tanaman serta bobot biji kering. Penggunaan mulsa jerami padi dapat meningkatkan laju tinggi tanaman, bobot biji per tanaman, jumlah biji per tanaman, serta hasil biji kering kedelai. Jarak tanam berpengaruh terhadap jumlah biji per tanaman, bobot biji per tanaman dan bobot hasil biji kering. Peubah jumlah biji per tanaman, peubah bobot biji, dan peubah hasil biji kering dapat meningkat di perlakuan jarak tanam 40 cm x 30 cm. Tidak ada interaksi antar mulsa organik dan jarak tanam pada pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi kedelai.Application of plant space and organic mulch in soybean (Glycine max L.)Abstract. Weeds are one of the problems that must be overcome in soybean cultivation. The use of organic mulch with planting distance is a solution to the problem of weeds, besides that both can also improve the quality of production as expected. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of organic mulch and plant spacing, and the interaction between the two factors regarding the growth and yield of soybean production. The design used was a 3 x 3 factorial pattern Randomized group design with 3 replications. The variables studied were organic mulch and plant spacing. The organic mulch factor consisted of 3 levels: control, water hyacinth and rice straw. The spacing is 40 cm x 10 cm, 40 cm x 20 cm and 40 cm x 30 cm and 3 levels are the factors. The observed variables were plant height rate, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant and dry seed yield. The results of the variance test stated that organic mulch affected the rate of plant height, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant and dry seed weight. The use of rice straw mulch can increase the rate of plant height, seed weight per plant, number of seeds per plant, and dry seed yield of soybean. Plant Spacing affects the number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant and dry seed yield. The variable number of seeds per plant, the variable seed weight, and the variable dry seed yield can increase in the 40 cm x 30 cm spacing treatment. There is no interaction between organic mulch and plant spacing on soybean growth and yield.