bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Putting on the brakes: the shortsightedness of EU car decarbonization policies
Authors: Gheuens Jana 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe EU styles itself as a climate leader, yet its emission reduction objectives are seen as insufficient to limit global warming. While the European Green Deal (EGD) increased the farsightedness of some aspects of EU climate legislation, its objectives still fall short of what is required. To better understand shortsightedness in EU climate policy, this article examines the shortsightedness of sectoral climate legislation: the EU Regulations on the CO2 emission performance standards of new passenger cars (2009, 2014, 2019, Fit For 55). It applies a shortsightedness framework composed of four criteria: (1) consistency of standards with long-term goals; (2) stringency and (3) adaptability of the legislation; and (4) presence of long-term thinking. The assessment shows that the Car Regulations have been characterized by a high degree of shortsightedness, worsened by loopholes for carmakers and symbolic stringency. While the inconsistency between the car emission standards and the economy-wide emission reduction objectives increased over time, the zero-emissions by 2035 standard of the Fit For 55 Regulation is in line with the economy-wide net-zero by 2050 objective. Research into what drives shortsightedness in the EU could shed light on the nature of this shift.
Three element resonator lowpass filter
Authors: Di Yingjie , Wang Xiyuan , Chen An 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe conventional lowpass prototype filter with the finite transmission zeros close‐to‐band edge often yields negative circuit elements that lead to a practical difficulty of physical realizations. This paper presents an alternative topology of the lowpass prototype filter named three element resonator lowpass filter, which is composed of series inductances and shunt three element resonators. For one‐section three element resonator lowpass filter, the closed‐form solutions of the non‐negative circuit elements are deduced based on its characteristic function recovered from a prescribed transmission zero. For multi‐section one, the associated numerical synthesis procedure using gradient‐based optimization is presented. In physical realization, a much more practical configuration of three element resonator is proven by the equivalent circuit transformation. A synthesis example of lowpass prototype filter with 12 pairs of transmission zeros illustrates the effectiveness of the numerical synthesis method. Also, a design example of five‐section three element resonator lowpass filter, which has a passband up to 1775 MHz, is implemented by the distributed elements based on its prototype circuit of the numerical synthesis. The measured results of the fabricated lowpass filter experimentally validate the prototype filter.
CCD astrometric measurements for the dwarf planet Haumea by ground-based telescopes
Authors: Peng Q. Y. , Guo B. F. , Vienne A. , Tian W. , Lu X. , Zheng Z. J. 
Published: February 2023

Aims. The purpose of this work is to investigate an astrometric method to accurately measure the precise position of the center of mass of the dwarf planet Haumea and its satellites, based on the unresolved images taken by ground-based telescopes.
Methods. A total of 29 nights of CCD observations are reported of the dwarf planet Haumea, taken during the period from February 7 to May 25, 2022 by three telescopes located in Yunnan Province, China. The pixel centroid of the unresolved image of Haumea and its satellites is measured with respect to its reference stars in the Gaia EDR3 star catalog. The new theoretical position of Haumea (the center of mass of Haumea and its satellites is assumed) is computed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Horizon System. The observed minus computed (O–C) positional residuals of Haumea in right ascension and in declination show a significant and periodic variation. Furthermore, when the ephemeris position of Hi’iaka, the larger and brighter satellite of Haumea, with respect to Haumea itself is taken from the Miriade ephemeris service of the Institut de mécanique céleste et de calcul des éphémérides (IMCCE) website, the observed positional measurements of the center of mass of Haumea and Hi’iaka are derived precisely after using a new method.
Results. The (O–C) positional residuals are confirmed to be caused mainly by the motion of Hi’iaka around its primary. The final mean (O–C) residuals of Haumea and its satellites are found with respect to the most recent version of the JPL ephemeris. As a by-product, a parameter that connects the mass ratio to the light ratio of Haumea and Hi’iaka (by Eq. (2) in the text), is introduced to derive the final mean (O–C) residuals.
X-ray luminosity function of high-mass X-ray binaries: Studying the signatures of different physical processes using detailed binary evolution calculations
Authors: Misra Devina , Kovlakas Konstantinos , Fragos Tassos , Lazzarini Margaret , Bavera Simone S. , Lehmer Bret D. , Zezas Andreas , Zapartas Emmanouil , Xing Zepei , Andrews Jeff J. , Dotter Aaron , Rocha Kyle Akira , Srivastava Philipp M. , Sun Meng 
Published: February 2023

Context. Many physical processes taking place during the evolution of binary stellar systems remain poorly understood. The ever-expanding observational sample of X-ray binaries (XRBs) makes them excellent laboratories for constraining binary evolution theory. Such constraints and useful insights can be obtained by studying the effects of various physical assumptions on synthetic X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) and comparing them with observed XLFs.
Aims. In this work we focus on high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) and study the effects on the XLF of various, poorly constrained assumptions regarding physical processes, such as the common-envelope phase, core collapse, and wind-fed accretion.
Methods. We used the new binary population synthesis code POSYDON, which employs extensive precomputed grids of detailed stellar structure and binary evolution models, to simulate the entire evolution of binaries. We generated 96 synthetic XRB populations corresponding to different combinations of model assumptions, including different prescriptions for supernova kicks, supernova remnant masses, common-envelope evolution, circularization at the onset of Roche-lobe overflow, and observable wind-fed accretion.
Results. The generated HMXB XLFs are feature-rich, deviating from the commonly assumed single power law. We find a break in our synthetic XLF at luminosity ∼1038 erg s−1, similar to observed XLFs. However, we also find a general overabundance of XRBs (up to a factor of ∼10 for certain model parameter combinations) driven primarily by XRBs with black hole accretors. Assumptions about the transient behavior of Be XRBs, asymmetric supernova kicks, and common-envelope physics can significantly affect the shape and normalization of our synthetic XLFs. We find that less well-studied assumptions regarding the circularization of the orbit at the onset of Roche-lobe overflow and criteria for the formation of an X-ray-emitting accretion disk around wind-accreting black holes can also impact our synthetic XLFs and reduce the discrepancy with observations.
Conclusions. Our synthetic XLFs do not always agree well with observations, especially at intermediate X-ray luminosities, which is likely due to uncertainties in the adopted physical assumptions. While some model parameters leave distinct imprints on the shape of the synthetic XLFs and can reduce this deviation, others do not have a significant effect overall. Our study reveals the importance of large-scale parameter studies, highlighting the power of XRBs in constraining binary evolution theory.
Bildgebende Diagnostik bei pulmonaler Hypertonie
Authors: Gertz Roman Johannes , Kröger Jan Robert , Rosenkranz Stephan , Bunck Alexander Christian 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie pulmonale Hypertonie (PH) ist ein häufiges und komplexes Krankheitsbild. Unabhängig von ihrer Ätiologie geht sie mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität einher. Im multidisziplinären diagnostischen Algorithmus und Management der PH kommt dem Radiologen bei der frühzeitigen Diagnosestellung, der Subklassifikation und der Prognoseabschätzung eine wegweisende Rolle zu.
Conservative Treatment of Huge Hepatic Subcapsular Hematoma
Complicated with Hepatic Infarction after Cesarean Section Caused by HELLP
Syndrome – a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Liu Jun , Liu Li , Liao Guangyuan , Yao Lifeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHepatic subcapsular hematoma and hepatic infarction in labor are mostly secondary
to HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia. There are few reported cases with a
complicated diagnosis and treatment and high mortality. Here, we present a case
of a huge hepatic subcapsular hematoma complicated with hepatic infarction after
cesarean section that was secondary to HELLP syndrome and the patient was
treated conservatively. Further, we have discussed the diagnosis and treatment
of hepatic subcapsular hematoma and hepatic infarction caused by HELLP
syndrome.
A Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors and Impact of Acute Kidney
Injury in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Celegen Kubra , Celegen Mehmet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical condition in
critically ill children and is associated with worse outcomes. A few pediatric
studies focused on the risk factors of AKI. We aimed to identify the incidence,
risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in the pediatric intensive care unit
(PICU).
Patients and methods All the patients admitted to PICU over a period of 20
months were included. We compared both groups the risk factors between AKI and
non-AKI.
Results A total of 63 patients (17.5%) of the 360 patients
developed AKI during PICU stay. The presence of comorbidity, diagnosis of
sepsis, increased PRISM III score, and positive renal angina index were found to
be risk factors for AKI on admission. Thrombocytopenia, multiple organ failure
syndrome, the requirement of mechanical ventilation, use of inotropic drugs,
intravenous iodinated contrast media, and exposure to an increased number of
nephrotoxic drugs were independent risk factors during the hospital stay. The
patients with AKI had a lower renal function on discharge and had worse overall
survival.
Conclusions AKI is prevalent and multifactorial in critically sick
children. The risk factors of AKI may be present on admission and during the
hospital stay. AKI is related to prolonged mechanical ventilation days, longer
PICU stays, and a higher mortality rate. Based on the presented results early
prediction of AKI and consequent modification of nephrotoxic medication may
generate positive effects on the outcome of critically ill children.
The Associations of Dietary Vitamin K Intake and Circulating Vitamin
25(OH)D with Serum Lipoprotein Levels: The Vitamin Deficiency
Matters
Authors: Varsamis Nikolaos , Christou Georgios A , Derdemezis Christos , Tselepis Alexandros , Kiortsis Dimitrios 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA synergistic interplay between vitamins K and D appears to exist. We aimed to
investigate for the first time whether the associations of dietary vitamin K
intake and circulating 25(OH)D with serum lipoprotein levels are influenced by
the existence of deficiency of either or both vitamins K and D. Sixty
individuals [24 males, 36(18–79) years old] were examined. Vitamin
deficiency of K1 and D were defined as vitamin K1 intake/body weight
(BW)<1.00 μg/kg/day and circulating
25(OH)D<20 ng/ml, respectively. In individuals with
vitamin K1 deficiency, the vitamin K1 intake/BW correlated positively
with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (r=0.509,
p=0.008) and negatively with serum triglycerides (TG)
(r=–0.638, p=0.001), whereas circulating 25(OH)D
correlated negatively with TG (r=–0.609, p=0.001). In
individuals with vitamin D deficiency, the vitamin K1 intake/BW
correlated positively with HDL-C (r=0.533, p=0.001) and
negatively with TG (r=–0.421, p=0.009), while
circulating 25(OH)D correlated negatively with TG (r=–0.458,
p=0.004). The above-mentioned associations of vitamin K1
intake/BW and circulating 25(OH)D with serum lipoproteins were not
detected in individuals without vitamin K1 deficiency or the ones without
vitamin D deficiency. The vitamin K2 intake/BW correlated negatively
with low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (r=–0.404,
p=0.001). In conclusion, the associations of vitamin K1 intake with TG
and HDL-C and of circulating 25(OH)D with TG were more pronounced in individuals
with deficiency of either or both vitamins K1 and D. Increased dietary vitamin
K2 intake was associated with decreased LDL-C.
Numerical solutions of fractional epidemic models with generalized Caputo-type derivatives
Authors: Hajaj Rasha , Odibat Zaid 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recently, a general framework of fractional operators, that includes the Caputo model as a particular case, has been introduced and some applications in the area of fractional calculus have been presented. In this paper, novel fractional epidemic models with generalized Caputo-type derivatives were proposed. The universal predictor-corrector method was modified here to deal with the considered epidemic models for the purposes of simulation. The behavior and complex dynamic of these hybrid fractional epidemic models were studied using the modified method. The dynamics of the generalized Caputo-type fractional SIR, HIV and SEIR models were investigated by numerical simulation. Basically, the effect of generalized Caputo-type fractional derivative operator parameters on the dynamic behavior of the proposed epidemic models was discussed.
Real-world CMB lensing quadratic estimator power spectrum response
Authors: Carron Julien 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
I describe a method to estimate response matrices of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) lensing power spectra estimators to the true sky power under realistic conditions. Applicable to all lensing reconstruction pipelines based on quadratic estimators (QE), it uses a small number of Gaussian CMB Monte-Carlos and specially designed QE's in order to obtain sufficiently accurate matrices with little computational effort. This method may be used to improve the modelling of CMB lensing band-powers by incorporating at least some of the non-idealities encountered in CMB lensing reconstruction. These non-idealities always include masking, and often inhomogeneous filtering, either in the harmonic domain or pixel space. I obtain these matrices for Planck latest lensing reconstructions, and then show that the residual couplings induced by masking explain very well the residual multiplicative bias seen on the Planck simulations, removing the need for an empirical correction.
Compression Tests at High Strain Rate on 3D-Printed CuCrZr Alloy Specimens - Material Model Calibration
Authors: Cortis D , Mancini E , Nisi S , Orlandi D , Stefano P Di , Utzeri M , Sasso M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
CuCrZr alloy is used to produce actively cooled components for high heat flux elements of beamlines and for heat sink of plasma facing components in nuclear fusion devices such as ITER and DEMO. It has an excellent thermal conductivity and specific mechanical strength, together with a high electrical conductivity that is giving high push to its use. Recently, CuCrZr alloy was also considered as an attractive material for Additive Manufacturing, leading to extend its application in the field of strain rate studies. As a matter of fact, its strain rate dependency is playing an important role for vertical target plasma-facing units components uses as heat sink in the ITER divertor or as structural material for actively cooled plasma facing components. This paper describes the results obtained by quasi-static and dynamic compression tests carried out on CuCrZr specimens produced by laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF), with Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. Quasi-static tests have been conducted by means a servo-hydraulic tensile machine, while a direct tension-compression split Hopkinson bar has been used to perform the tests at high strain rate. Since dedicated heat treatments are required to obtain optimal combination of strength, ductility, and conductivity, some of the specimens have been heated up to 560 – 580 °C for 4 – 5 h and then cooled in air. Eventually, the calibration of the most appropriate constitutive models for 3D-printed CuCrZr alloy deformed at high strain rate has been carried out by means an inverse analytical procedure.
Optimal Experiment Design for the estimation of building wall material thermal properties
Authors: Jumabekova Ainagul , Berger Julien 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The estimation of wall thermal properties through an inverse problem procedure enables to increase the reliability of the model predictions for building energy efficiency. Nevertheless, it requires to define an experimental campaign to obtain on-site observations for existing buildings. The design of experiments enables to search for the optimal measurement plan that ensure the highest precision of the parameter estimation. For on-site measurement in buildings, it seeks an answer to several questions such as number and position of sensors, period and duration of the experimental campaign. In this article, the Optimal Experiment Design (OED) methodology is applied for a multi-layer building wall to resolve the aforementioned issues.
A Richardson-Lucy Algorithm Based Blind Deconvolution to Decouple the Two Unknown Spatial-Temporal SRAM Margin Variations
Authors: Yamauchi Hiroyuki , Somha Worawit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A Richardson-Lucy algorithm (RLA) based blind deconvolution with a new filter design technique was successfully developed. This allowed decoupling and retrieving of the information of the two unknown factors at once for the Random Temporal Variation (RTV) and the Random Spatial Variation (RSV). The variations of SRAM operating voltage (VDDMIN) are caused by the two coupled factors of RTV and RSV. Thus, this decoupling technique is prerequisite for the margin analysis. The designs of the device characteristics and the screening test conditions based on the analysis results were briefly demonstrated. The proposed filter design technique for the RLA based blind deconvolution allowed to circumvent the ill-conditioning ringing phenomena. This gives to enjoy the advantage in convergence speed and simplicity of the RLA. The relative errors of the blind-deconvolution for the RSV and RTV distributions were reduced to less than 0.3% within only 300-iteration cycles compared with the conventional one.
A theoretical and numerical study of oblique scattering by an inhomogeneous cylinder
Authors: Gintides D , Giogiakas S , Mindrinos L 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider the solvability of the direct scattering problem of an obliquely incident time-harmonic electromagnetic wave by a piecewise constant inhomogeneous, penetrable and infinitely long cylinder. The three-dimensional problem described by the Maxwell’s equations reduces to a set of two-dimensional Helmholtz equations, but with the transmission conditions having also tangential derivatives of the fields. The ellipticity of the problem is proven through the Shapiro-Lopatinskij condition. Then, classical techniques can be used to prove the uniqueness and existence of the solution. For the numerical solution, we consider quadrature rules and we derive convergent representations for both the near- and far-fields.
Identification of the inflow source in a foul sewer system through techniques of inverse modelling
Authors: Tanda Maria Giovanna , D’Oria Marco , Secci Daniele , Todaro Valeria 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Infiltration and illegal inflow into foul sewer systems can cause different problems such as a decrease in the performance of treatment plants, the surcharge of pipelines and more frequent overflows, which cause negative impacts on the environment. Water companies are increasingly been driven to address these problems by reducing infiltrations and identifying the sources of illegal inflows. Overall, the traditional techniques applied in these cases are expensive and time consuming and many times only partially efficient. Examples are the use of CCTV inspections, smoke tests and the installation of a large set of sensors to collect continuous data such as flow rates, water levels, temperature or concentrations of pollutants. The aim of this study is to apply two types of inverse numerical techniques to identify the source location of illegal inflows into wastewater systems based on information collected at the outlet of the drained basin and a calibrated numerical model of the sewer network. In this work, the numerical model is developed using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) software distributed by the Environmental Protection Agency (USA). We considered a realistic foul sewer system with known dimensional and hydrological characteristics. Synthetic case studies are set up to test the inverse approaches. Assuming a hypothetical rainfall event and an illegal inflow released at a certain location in the sewer system, the numerical model is run forward to obtain the flow hydrograph at the network outlet. This information is then used as available observations to perform the inverse modelling. The first investigated technique is an artificial neural network (ANN) of the feed-forward type. It will be trained to recover the inflow source using the simulation results of SWMM driven by a large set of rainfall events and inflows located at different positions in the sewer network. Once trained, the ANN will be used to identify the location of the inflow based the observed flood wave. The second procedure derives from Kalman filter techniques: the Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation (ES-MDA). Also in this case, the method, starting from the known rainfall event and the observed flow hydrograph, is used to locate the inflow source. In addition to the results of the synthetic case obtained by means of the two procedures, the field applicability to real case studies will be discussed.
A hybrid algorithm to solve a nonlinear inverse problem of boundary conditions and damage identification
Authors: Hong H , Bel S , Baranger T N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this communication we present a method exploiting displacement data measured at accessible parts of solid’s boundary, for the solution of boundary conditions and damage identification problems encountered in mechanics. Targeted applications are made of materials presenting a nonlinear mechanical behavior with damage-based approaches. A hybrid algorithm has been developed in order to identify the missing data by minimizing a gap-functional. It takes into account the incremental mechanical behavior of the material and the damage evolution inside the solid via the concept of piloting. An application on a solid made of mortar with synthetic measurements is presented to illustrate the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm.