bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attorney-client privilege in Polish law and legal practice – on legal gaps and some controversial matters
Authors: Hryniewicz-Lach Elżbieta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article presents the legal framework of attorney-client privilege in Poland, indicating situations when an attorney is entitled or obliged to reveal information covered, in principle, by professional secrecy, as well as the consequences of an attorney’s erroneous evaluation in this regard. The author refers to provisions which require legal amendment or functional interpretation in order to guarantee respect for attorney-client privilege in legal proceedings, pointing out also controversial interpretations in court practice of what, in principle, are clear legal provisions relating to attorney duties. Finally, the poor perspective for changes in relevant field and the reasons for this are explained.
Oncogenic roles of GPR176 in breast cancer: a potential marker of aggressiveness and a potential target of gene therapy
Authors: Yun Wen-jing , Xue Hang , Yang Ning , Xiao Li-jun , Sun Hong-zhi , Zheng Hua-chuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Belonging to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family, G protein-coupled receptor 176 (GPR176) is associated with the Gz/Gx G-protein subclass and is capable of decreasing cAMP production.

Methods
GPR176 expression was detected by qRT-PCR, bioinformatics analysis, Western blot and immunohistochemistry, and compared with clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. GPR176-related genes and pathways were subjected to bioinformatic analysis. We also explored the effects of GPR176 on the phenotypes of breast cancer cells.

Results
Lower expression of GPR176 mRNA was seen in breast cancer than in normal tissues, but the opposite pattern was found for its protein (p < 0.05). GPR176 mRNA was associated with female sex, low T staging, non-Her-2+ subtypes, non-mutant p53 status in breast cancer (p < 0.05). GPR176 methylation was negatively correlated with its mRNA level and T staging in breast cancer, and was higher in breast cancer than normal tissues (p < 0.05). GPR176 protein expression was positively correlated with older age, small tumor size, and non-luminal-B subtype of breast cancers (p < 0.05). The differential genes of GPR176 were involved in receptor-ligand interaction, RNA maturation, and so forth (p < 0.05). GPR176-related genes were categorized into cell mobility, membrane structure, and so on (p < 0.05). GPR176 knockdown weakened the proliferation, glucose catabolism, anti-apoptosis, anti-pyroptosis, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells.

Conclusion
These results indicate that GPR176 might be involved in the tumorigenesis and subsequent progression of breast cancer by deteriorating aggressive phenotypes. It might be utilized as a potential biomarker to indicate the aggressive behaviors and poor prognosis of breast cancer and a potential target of genetic therapy.
Psychological inflexibility explains social anxiety over time: a mediation analyses with a clinical adolescent sample
Authors: Figueiredo Diana Vieira , Alves Francisca , Vagos Paula 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSocial Anxiety Disorder (SAD) has its usual onset during adolescence when it is a highly prevalent and debilitating condition. Evidence regarding the processes that underline social anxiety and SAD is not compelling, especially in adolescents. Within an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) framework, the causal role of ACT processes on adolescents’ social anxiety and how these processes contribute to sustain social anxiety over time is still unknown. Hence, this study explored the role of psychological inflexibility (PI) and acceptance and committed action (as psychological flexibility processes) on social anxiety over time, in a clinical sample of adolescents. Twenty-one adolescents (Mage = 16.19, SD = 0.750) with a primary diagnosis of SAD completed a set of self-report measures assessing PI, acceptance (i.e., willingness to experience social anxiety symptoms), action (i.e., moving towards valued life directions despite social anxiety symptoms) and social anxiety. Path analysis was used to investigate a mediation model linking acceptance, committed action, and PI to social anxiety, directly and indirectly. Findings revealed that acceptance and action were negatively and directly associated with PI after 10-weeks. In turn, PI yielded a positive and direct effect on social anxiety after another 12-weeks. PI totally mediated the relation between acceptance and action and social anxiety, with significant indirect effects. Overall, findings offer evidence for the applicability of the ACT model to adolescent SAD and support the use of clinical interventions targeting PI to understand and alleviate adolescents’ social anxiety.
B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 gene rearrangements shows evidence for clonal evolution and mitotic recombination
Authors: Schichman Steven A. , Penton Andrea L. , Ghanta Sai Nikhila , Konda Manojna , Papenhausen Peter R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphomas (B-ALL/LBL) are uncommon neoplasms that may be associated with a variety of cytogenetic and molecular changes. The mechanisms by which these changes arise have not been fully described.

Aims/Purpose
This report describes an unusual case of B-ALL/LBL with complex clonal evolution that includes BCL2 and MYC gene rearrangements.

Methods
Immunophenotyping was performed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Traditional G-band karyotyping was accompanied by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) using break-apart and dual fusion probes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were assessed using a high-density DNA microarray.

Results
The karyotype of the blasts showed reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 4 and 18, reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 8 and 14 with two copies of the oncogenic translocation derivative(14)t(8;14), and no normal chromosome 14. FISH studies showed complex IGH-BCL2 and IGH-MYC fusion signals.

Conclusions
A clonal evolution model involving multiple chromosomal translocations and mitotic recombination is postulated to account for the karyotype, FISH, and microarray results but leaves unresolved the exact order of the evolutionary changes.
Lead-Glazed Ceramic Fragments: Intentional Glazing or Metallurgical Accident?
Authors: Klein S. , Fischer-Lechner S. , Berthold C. , Sessing J. , Kirnbauer T. , Zeiler M. , Essling-Wintzer W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCeramic fragments from an excavation by Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe in 2014 around the deserted early medieval site of Brilon-Alme were subjected to archaeometric analysis. Except for one miniature object, they are coarse-grained tempered, and many of them are coated with a green-brownish glaze. The question arose whether archaeometric investigation could help identify the material, the production technique, and the nature of the glaze. Furthermore, it was of interest whether the fragments were connected to metallurgical activity in the region. Thin sections of the fragments with adhering glaze were investigated by polarized light microscopy and energy-dispersive scanning electron microscopy, both for elemental information; powder and x-ray microdiffraction for phase analysis and multi-collector inductively coupled mass spectrometry for lead isotope analysis were applied. The results from elemental, phase, and texture analysis of the glazes finally provided evidence that they are closely related to metallurgical processes of early medieval activities around Brilon.
Second-line tests in the differential diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic hypercortisolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mondin A. , Barbot M. , Voltan G. , Tizianel I. , Vedolin C. K. , Mazzeo P. , Lazzara M. , Boscaro M. , Scaroni C. , Ceccato F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The clinical and hormonal overlap between neoplastic (CS) and non-neoplastic (NNH/pCS) hypercortisolism is a challenge. Various dynamic tests have been proposed to allow an early discrimination between these conditions, but to date there is no agreement on which of them should be used.

Aim
To provide an overview of the available tests and to obtain a quantitative synthesis of their diagnostic performance in discriminating NNH/pCS from CS.

Methods
The included articles, published between 1990 and 2022, applied one or more second line tests to differentiate NNH/pCS from CS patients. For the NNH/pCS group, we admitted the inclusion of patients presenting clinical features and/or biochemical findings suggestive of hypercortisolism despite apparent lack of a pCS-related condition.

Results
The electronic search identified 339 articles. After references analysis and study selection, we identified 9 studies on combined dexamethasone-corticotropin releasing hormone (Dex-CRH) test, 4 on Desmopressin test and 3 on CRH test; no study on Dex-Desmopressin met the inclusion criteria. Dex-CRH test provided the highest sensitivity (97%, 95 CI% [88%; 99%]). CRH tests showed excellent specificity (99%, 95% CI [0%; 100%]), with low sensitivity. Although metaregression analysis based on diagnostic odds ratio failed to provide a gold standard, CRH test (64.77, 95% CI [0.15; 27,174.73]) seemed to lack in performance compared to the others (Dex-CRH 138.83, 95% CI [49.38; 390.32] and Desmopressin 110.44, 95% CI [32.13; 379.63]).

Discussion
Both Dex-CRH and Desmopressin tests can be valid tools in helping discrimination between NNH/pCS and CS. Further studies are needed on this topic, possibly focusing on mild Cushing’s Disease and well-characterized NNH/pCS patients.

Systematic review registration
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022359774, identifier CRD42022359774.
From w-Domination in Graphs to Domination Parameters in Lexicographic Product Graphs
Authors: Cabrera-Martínez Abel , Montejano Luis Pedro , Rodríguez-Velázquez Juan Alberto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA wide range of parameters of domination in graphs can be defined and studied through a common approach that was recently introduced in [https://doi.org/10.26493/1855-3974.2318.fb9] under the name of w-domination, where $$w=(w_0,w_1, \dots ,w_l)$$

w
=
(

w
0

,

w
1

,
⋯
,

w
l

)

is a vector of non-negative integers such that $$ w_0\ge 1$$

w
0

≥
1

. Given a graph G, a function $$f: V(G)\longrightarrow \{0,1,\dots ,l\}$$

f
:
V
(
G
)
⟶
{
0
,
1
,
⋯
,
l
}

is said to be a w-dominating function if $$\sum _{u\in N(v)}f(u)\ge w_i$$

∑

u
∈
N
(
v
)

f

(
u
)

≥

w
i

for every vertex v with $$f(v)=i$$

f
(
v
)
=
i

, where N(v) denotes the open neighbourhood of $$v\in V(G)$$

v
∈
V
(
G
)

. The weight of f is defined to be $$\omega (f)=\sum _{v\in V(G)} f(v)$$

ω

(
f
)

=

∑

v
∈
V
(
G
)

f

(
v
)

, while the w-domination number of G, denoted by $$\gamma _{w}(G)$$

γ
w

(
G
)

, is defined as the minimum weight among all w-dominating functions on G. A wide range of well-known domination parameters can be defined and studied through this approach. For instance, among others, the vector $$w=(1,0)$$

w
=
(
1
,
0
)

corresponds to the case of standard domination, $$w=(2,1)$$

w
=
(
2
,
1
)

corresponds to double domination, $$w=(2,0,0)$$

w
=
(
2
,
0
,
0
)

corresponds to Italian domination, $$w=(2,0,1)$$

w
=
(
2
,
0
,
1
)

corresponds to quasi-total Italian domination, $$w=(2,1,1)$$

w
=
(
2
,
1
,
1
)

corresponds to total Italian domination, $$w=(2,2,2)$$

w
=
(
2
,
2
,
2
)

corresponds to total $$\{2\}$$

{
2
}

-domination, while $$w=(k,k-1,\dots ,1,0)$$

w
=
(
k
,
k
-
1
,
⋯
,
1
,
0
)

corresponds to $$\{k\}$$

{
k
}

-domination. In this paper, we show that several domination parameters of lexicographic product graphs $$G\circ H$$

G
∘
H

are equal to $$\gamma _{w}(G)$$

γ
w

(
G
)

for some vector $$w\in \{2\}\times \{0,1,2\}^{l}$$

w
∈

{
2
}

×

{
0
,
1
,
2
}

l

and $$l\in \{2,3\}$$

l
∈
{
2
,
3
}

. The decision on whether the equality holds for a specific vector w will depend on the value of some domination parameters of H. In particular, we focus on quasi-total Italian domination, total Italian domination, 2-domination, double domination, total $$\{2\}$$

{
2
}

-domination, and double total domination of lexicographic product graphs.
Collective Argumentation in Integrated Contexts: A Typology of Warrants Contributed in Mathematics and Coding Arguments
Authors: Miller Claire , Menke Jenna , Conner AnnaMarie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is important to understand how students reason in K-12 integrated STEM settings to better prepare teachers to engage their students in integrated STEM tasks. To understand the reasoning that occurs in these settings, we used the lens of collective argumentation, specifically attending to the types of warrants elementary students and their teachers provided and accepted in integrated STEM contexts and how teachers supported students in providing these warrants. We watched 103 h of classroom instruction from 10 elementary school teachers and analyzed warrants that occurred in arguments in mathematics, coding, and integrated contexts to develop a typology of warrants contributed in mathematics and coding arguments. We found that these students made their warrants explicit the majority of the time, regardless of the teacher’s presence or absence. When teachers were present, they supported argumentation in various ways; however, they offered less support in integrated contexts. Additionally, we found students relied more on visual observations in coding contexts than in mathematics or integrated contexts, where they often provided warrants based on procedures required to accomplish a task. These findings have implications for improving integrated STEM instruction through engaging students in argumentation.
Conceptualizing disruptive innovation: an interpretive structural model approach
Authors: Zeng Yongchao , Fu Hua , Wei Zixiang , Shi Yingying , Zafar Muhammad Wasif 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChristensen insightfully proposed disruptive innovation. The theory is growing stronger but is still haunted by vagueness and post hoc definition issues, which signifies the nature of disruptive innovation may remain unveiled. In order to eliminate the controversies and confusion, this study sorts out commonalities and key driving forces for market encroachment of disruptive innovation, and utilizes the interpretative structural model to reorganize the original theoretical framework based on the principle of “Occam’s razor”. The results show that (1) the value network is the theoretical outset of disruptive innovation and manifests as two different value dimensions at the product or technical level, which endows disruptive innovation with “duality”; (2) the duality makes disruptive innovation have asymmetric advantages and disadvantages compared to existing products or technologies in terms of price and performance; The asymmetry changes enterprises’ competition basis and consumers’ evaluation matrices, which essentially explains the key to market encroachment of disruptive innovation; (3) the duality is the essence that distinguishes disruptive innovation from other types of innovation.
Status Quo and Influence of Martial Arts Fitness in Pursuit of Health Using LSTM Recurrent Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Li Chen , Zhao Mingyuan , Zhao Xiuhan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the acceleration of the socialist modernization process, people’s living standards continue to improve, and the modernization of cities is also developing rapidly. In the process of urban construction, a series of problems such as how to deal with the relationship between citizens and the surrounding environment, how to carry out citizens' health activities, and how to organize citizens to exercise healthily are becoming more and more obvious. With the introduction of the National Sports Outline, as an important sports activity, Chinese martial arts has a long history and profound cultural heritage, and it still plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the national spirit and building a harmonious society today. Therefore, this paper introduced the LSTM recurrent neural network algorithm to collect and extract the current data on martial arts fitness in the pursuit of health. By constructing the LSTM neuron structure and building the LSTM recurrent neural network structure, a state estimation based on LSTM feature extraction was proposed. The algorithm used the memory ability of LSTM to extract the relevant features of the data stream, which significantly improved the accuracy of the data stream collection. The experimental results showed that the time required by the method in this paper were 12.7, 10.2, 12.4 s and 11.8 min respectively, and the accuracy rates were 98.78, 98.26, 99.03 and 97.89%, respectively, which were greatly improved compared with the existing methods.
Novel Time-Dependent Multi-Omics Integration in Sepsis-Associated Liver Dysfunction
Authors: Na Ann-Yae , Lee Hyojin , Min Eun Ki , Paudel Sanjita , Choi So Young , Sim HyunChae , Liu Kwang-Hyeon , Kim Ki-Tae , Bae Jong-Sup , Lee Sangkyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The recently developed technologies that allow the analysis of each single omics have provided an unbiased insight into ongoing disease processes. However, it remains challenging to specify the study design for the subsequent integration strategies that can associate sepsis pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. Here, we conducted a time-dependent multi-omics integration (TDMI) in a sepsis-associated liver dysfunction (SALD) model. We successfully deduced the relation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway with SALD. Although TLR4 is a critical factor in sepsis progression, it is not specified in single-omics analyses but only in the TDMI analysis. This finding indicates that the TDMI-based approach is more advantageous than single-omics analyses in terms of exploring the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of SALD. Furthermore, TDMI-based approach can be an ideal paradigm for insightful biological interpretations of multi-omics datasets that will potentially reveal novel insights into basic biology, health, and diseases, thus allowing the identification of promising candidates for therapeutic strategies.
Deriving a year 2000 glacier inventory for New Zealand from the existing 2016 inventory
Authors: Paul Frank , Baumann Sabine , Anderson Brian , Rastner Philipp 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to adverse snow and cloud conditions, only a few inventories are available for the maritime glaciers in New Zealand. These are difficult to compare as different approaches and baseline data have been used to create them. In consequence, glacier fluctuations in New Zealand over the past two decades are only known for a few glaciers based on field observations. Here we present the results of a new inventory for the ‘year 2000’ (some scenes are from 2001 and 2002) that is based on glacier outlines from a recently published inventory for the year 2016 and allowed consistent change assessment for nearly 3000 glaciers over this period. The year 2000 inventory was created by manual on-screen digitizing using Landsat ETM+ satellite imagery (15 m panchromatic band) in the background and the year 2016 outlines as a starting point. Major challenges faced were late and early seasonal snow, clouds and shadow, the geo-location mismatch between Landsat and Sentinel-2 as well as the correct interpretation of ice patches and ice under debris cover. In total, we re-mapped 2967 glaciers covering an area of 885.5 km2 in 2000, which is 91.7 km2 (or 10.4%) more than the 793.8 km2 mapped in 2016. Area change rates (mean rate −0.65% a−1) increase towards smaller glaciers. Strongest area loss from 2000 to 2016 occurred at elevations ~1900 m but the highest relative loss was found below 800 m a.s.l. In total, 109 glaciers split into two or more entities and 264 had wasted away by 2016.
The ice dynamic and melting response of Pine Island Ice Shelf to calving
Authors: Bradley Alexander T. , De Rydt Jan , Bett David T. , Dutrieux Pierre , Holland Paul R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSea level rise contributions from the Pine Island Glacier (PIG) are strongly modulated by the backstress that its floating extension – Pine Island Ice Shelf (PIIS) – exerts on the adjoining grounded ice. The front of PIIS has recently retreated significantly via calving, and satellite and theoretical analyses have suggested further retreat is inevitable. As well as inducing an instantaneous increase in ice flow, retreat of the PIIS front may result in increased ocean melting, by relaxing the topographic barrier to warm ocean water that is currently provided by a prominent seabed ridge. Recently published research (Bradley and others, 2022a) has shown that PIIS may exhibit a strong melting response to calving, with melting close to the PIG grounding line always increasing with ice front retreat. Here, we summarise this research and, additionally, place the results in a glaciological context by comparing the impact of melt-induced and ice-dynamical changes in the ice shelf thinning rate. We find that while PIG is expected to experience rapid acceleration in response to further ice front retreat, the mean instantaneous thinning response is set primarily by changes in melting, rather than ice dynamics. Overall, further ice front retreat is expected to lead to enhanced ice-shelf thinning, with potentially detrimental consequences for ice shelf stability.
“And then I found $5”: Optimizing recruitment efficiency in remote clinical trials
Authors: Fahey Margaret C. , Dahne Jennifer , Chen Brian K. , Smith Tracy T. , Wahlquist Amy E. , Carpenter Mathew J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
As clinical trials adopt remote methodologies, there is need to optimize efficiency of remote enrollment. Within a remote clinical trial, we aim to (1) assess if sociodemographic factors differ among those consenting via mail vs. technology-based procedures (e-consent), (2) determine if, among those consenting via mail, a small unconditional monetary reward ($5) increases likelihood of subsequent enrollment, (3) economically evaluate additional cost per additional participant enrolled with $5 reward.

Methods:
In the parent nationwide randomized clinical trial of adult smokers (N = 638), participants could enroll via mail or e-consent. Logistic regression models assessed relationships between sociodemographics and enrollment via mail (vs e-consent). Mailed consent packets were randomized (1:4) to include $5 unconditional reward or not, and logistic regression modeling examined impact of reward on subsequent enrollment, allowing for a randomized study within a study. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio analysis estimated additional cost per additional participant enrolled with $5 incentive.

Results:
Older age, less education, lower income, and female sex predicted enrolling via mail vs e-consent (p < .05’s). In adjusted model, older age (AOR = 1.02, p = .016) and less education (AOR = 2.23, p < .001) remained predictive of mail enrollment. The $5 incentive (vs none) increased enrollment rate by 9% (AOR = 1.64, p = .007), with estimated cost of additional $59 per additional participant enrolled.

Conclusions:
As e-consent methods become more common, they have potential to reach many individuals but with perhaps diminished inclusion across all sociodemographic groups. Provision of an unconditional monetary incentive is possibly a cost-effective mechanism to increase recruitment efficiency for studies employing mail-based consenting procedures.