bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An active learning reliability algorithm using DMSSA‐optimized Kriging model and parallel infilling strategy
Authors: Sun Yuhang , Liu Zhijie , Zhi Pengpeng , Wang Xiaobang , Wang Junjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the limited sample sizes and highly complicated performance functions, how to improve the reliability calculation accuracy and efficiency is an important issue for complex equipment working in harsh environments. This paper proposes an active learning reliability algorithm based on the double‐mutation slap swarm algorithm‐optimized (DMSSA) Kriging surrogate model, parallel infilling strategy and subset simulation (SS). In the method, the uniform design (UD) is employed to select the initial sampling points and their real responses of performance functions are estimated. The DMSSA integrates Cauchy and Gauss mutation to explore the optimal hyperparameter of Kriging model with high accuracy. The parallel infilling strategy combines the expected improvement (EI), minimizing prediction (MP) and mean squared error (MSE) criteria to find new sampling points, which are adaptively added into the database in each iteration to update the design of experiment (DoE). Ultimately, the SS method is employed to deal with the small failure probability problems. Five various examples are analyzed to verify the calculation accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
MRI and clinical findings in 133 dogs with recurrent deficits following intervertebral disc extrusion surgery
Authors: Suiter Emma , Grapes Nicholas , Martin‐Garcia Lucia , De Decker Steven , Gutierrez‐Quintana Rodrigo , Wessmann Annette 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecurrence of neurological signs following surgery for intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) is reported, yet many cases lack MRI‐confirmed diagnosis. This study describes the MRI and clinical findings in dogs presenting with recurrence of neurological signs following surgical treatment of IVDH.MethodsMedical records of dogs that underwent decompressive surgery for IVDH followed by a subsequent MRI within 12 months were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐three dogs were identified, all of which initially presented with intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). Of these, 109 (81.9%) had a recurrent IVDE, and 24 (18.1%) had an alternative diagnosis that included haemorrhage (n = 10), infection (n = 4), soft tissue encroachment (n = 3), myelomalacia (n = 3) or other (n = 4). Same‐site IVDE recurrence or alternative diagnoses were significantly more likely to present within 10 days postoperatively. Thirty‐nine percent of dogs presenting with ‘early recurrence’ had an alternative diagnosis. Type of surgery, fenestration, neurological grade or IVDE site was not significantly associated with the subsequent MRI diagnosis.LimitationsLimitations include the retrospective study design, the exclusion of conservatively managed recurrences, the variable length of follow‐up and differences in the clinicians' surgical experience.ConclusionThe most common cause for the recurrence of neurological signs following decompressive spinal surgery was IVDE. Just over one‐third of dogs presenting with early recurrence had an alternative diagnosis.
Schizosaccharomyces lindnerisp. nov., a fission yeast occurring in honey
Authors: Brysch‐Herzberg Michael , Jia Guo‐Song , Sipiczki Matthias , Seidel Martin , Li Wen , Assali Imen , Du Li‐Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo strains of fission yeast were isolated from honey. They differ from the type strain ofSchizosaccharomyces octosporusby three substitutions in the D1/D2 domain of the nuclear 26S large subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence, resulting in a 99.5% identity. In the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (consisting of ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2), the strains differ fromS. octosporusby 16 gaps and 91 substitutions, which is equivalent to an identity of 88.1%. Genome sequencing on one of the new strains revealed that the average nucleotide identity (ANI) between its genome and the reference genome ofS. octosporusis 90.43% and there exist major genome rearrangements between the two genomes. Mating analysis revealed thatS. octosporusand one of the new strains are completely reproductively separated. A strong prezygotic barrier exists and the few mating products consist of diploid hybrids that do not form recombinant ascospores. In the new strains, asci are either zygotic, arising from conjugation, or they develop without conjugation from asexual cells (azygotic). Compared to the currently recognizedSchizosaccharomycesspecies, the spectrum of nutrients that are assimilated by the new strains is restricted. Of the 43 carbohydrates that were included in the physiological standard tests, only 7 were assimilated. According to the results of the genome sequence analysis, the mating trials, and the phenotypic characterization, the new speciesSchizosaccharomyces lindneriis described to accommodate the two strains (holotype: CBS 18203T and ex‐type: MUCL 58363; MycoBank no.: MB 847838).
Maverick Matters: Client Contribution and Selection in Federated Learning
Authors: Huang Jiyue , Hong Chi , Liu Yang , Chen Lydia Y. , Roos Stefanie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFederated learning (FL) enables collaborative learning between parties, called clients, without sharing the original and potentially sensitive data. To ensure fast convergence in the presence of such heterogeneous clients, it is imperative to timely select clients who can effectively contribute to learning. A realistic but overlooked case of heterogeneous clients are Mavericks, who monopolize the possession of certain data types, e.g., children hospitals possess most of the data on pediatric cardiology. In this paper, we address the importance and tackle the challenges of Mavericks by exploring two types of client selection strategies. First, we show theoretically and through simulations that the common contribution-based approach, Shapley Value, underestimates the contribution of Mavericks and is hence not effective as a measure to select clients. Then, we propose FedEMD, an adaptive strategy with competitive overhead based on the Wasserstein distance, supported by a proven convergence bound. As FedEMD adapts the selection probability such that Mavericks are preferably selected when the model benefits from improvement on rare classes, it consistently ensures the fast convergence in the presence of different types of Mavericks. Compared to existing strategies, including Shapley Value-based ones, FedEMD improves the convergence speed of neural network classifiers with FedAvg aggregation by 26.9% and its performance is consistent across various levels of heterogeneity.
Constrained Portfolio Management Using Action Space Decomposition for Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Winkel David , Strauß Niklas , Schubert Matthias , Ma Yunpu , Seidl Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFinancial portfolio managers typically face multi-period optimization tasks such as short-selling or investing at least a particular portion of the portfolio in a specific industry sector. A common approach to tackle these problems is to use constrained Markov decision process (CMDP) methods, which may suffer from sample inefficiency, hyperparameter tuning, and lack of guarantees for constraint violations. In this paper, we propose Action Space Decomposition Based Optimization (ADBO) for optimizing a more straightforward surrogate task that allows actions to be mapped back to the original task. We examine our method on two real-world data portfolio construction tasks. The results show that our new approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art benchmark approaches for general CMDPs.
Gastronomy and Tourism in Remote European Areas: Toward a Food and Wine Atlas of the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria
Authors: Salerno Giovanni , Palladino Monica , Cafiero Carlo , Romeo Giuseppa , Marcianò Claudio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe European Union, apart from its well-developed socio-economic regions, is also characterized by marginal, remote rural areas, where the difficult socio-economic conditions and gentrification are the basis of an increasing phenomenon of depopulation and territorial abandonment. In some of these areas, sometimes, not only the development of inland and/or mountainous areas is complex, but also coastal development is not easy, and it calls for synergies between regional authorities, enterprises, universities, schools, and, more in general, local private and public stakeholders. In such vulnerable areas, there is a greater necessity to build proper governance systems, where local communities and public and private stakeholders have the responsibility to meet, discuss and actively participate as public-private partnerships (PPP) in local development processes. In such a context this paper highlights some of the research themes that have been developed in the research project on Gastronomy and Tourism in remote European Areas with particular reference to the creation of a gastronomic Atlas, still under development, of the Italian area of study, the Metropolitan Town of Reggio Calabria.
Problemstellung: Lücken interdisziplinärer Forschung und ihre Folgen für die Energie- und Rohstoffbranche
Authors: Walter Stefanie 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Bedeutung von Akzeptanz nimmt bei der Realisierung von Projekten zu – seien sie wirtschaftlicher, politischer oder gesellschaftlicher Art (Hitschfeld & Lachmann, 2013). Sachargumente von Politiker- und Industrievertrer:innen werden oft nicht mehr akzeptiert, Aussagen von Expert:innen zum Teil infrage gestellt und Vorhabensträger:innen, Parlamente, Genehmigungsbehörden und selbst Gerichte erfahren öffentlich Kritik (SzéIl, 1992; Brettschneider, 2012, 2013, 2016). Davon sind nicht nur einzelne Branchen betroffen, sondern es handelt sich um einen gesellschaftlichen Wandel, in dem Akzeptanz ein Teil des gesellschaftlichen Wertekanons ist (Bentele et al., 2015).
The top quark legacy of the LHC Run II for PDF and SMEFT analyses
Authors: Kassabov Zahari , Madigan Maeve , Mantani Luca , Moore James , Alvarado Manuel Morales , Rojo Juan , Ubiali Maria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We assess the impact of top quark production at the LHC on global analyses of parton distributions (PDFs) and of Wilson coefficients in the SMEFT, both separately and in the framework of a joint interpretation. We consider the broadest top quark dataset to date containing all available measurements based on the full Run II luminosity. First, we determine the constraints that this dataset provides on the large-x gluon PDF and study its consistency with other gluon-sensitive measurements. Second, we carry out a SMEFT interpretation of the same dataset using state-of-the-art SM and EFT theory cal- culations, resulting in bounds on 25 Wilson coefficients modifying top quark interactions. Subsequently, we integrate the two analyses within the SIMUnet approach to realise a simul- taneous determination of the SMEFT PDFs and the EFT coefficients and identify regions in the parameter space where their interplay is most phenomenologically relevant. We also demonstrate how to separate eventual BSM signals from QCD effects in the interpretation of top quark measurements at the LHC.
Zooming in on the horizon when in its Meissner state
Authors: Giribet Gaston , La Madrid Joan , Montecchio Luciano , Rubín de Celis Emilio , Schmied Pedro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
When approaching extremality, rotating black holes tend to expel the magnetic field in which they are immersed. This phenomenon, being reminiscent of the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect in superconductors, is known as the black hole Meissner effect, and here we study it in the backreacting regime and from the near horizon perspective. By resorting to methods recently developed in the literature, which allow to compute conserved charges in the near horizon region, regardless the details of the asymptotia at large distance, we investigate the properties of the black hole horizon when in its Meissner state. We show that, when in such state, the horizon exhibits two sets of supertranslation symmetries as well as a symmetry generated by the local conformal group. The supertranslations are generated by two infinite sets of currents, one of which comes from local dilations of the advanced null coordinate at the horizon, and the other from local gauge transformations that preserve the electromagnetic field configuration at the horizon. We show that the evaluation of the conserved charges associated to these symmetries correctly reproduce the physical charges of the magnetized black holes and their thermodynamics. This represents a concrete application of the techniques developed in [1–3] and it extends the results of [4] to arbitrary values of the black hole charges. In addition, we elaborate on the charges computation at the horizon: we show the equivalence between the horizon charges and the evaluation of the corresponding Komar integrals. Besides, we show the validity of the Gauss phenomenon by explicitly relating near horizon charges with fluxes and charges computed by other techniques. All this provides a method to derive the thermodynamics of magnetized horizons in a quite succinct way, including the case of horizons exhibiting the Meissner effect.
Discrete symmetries and efficient counting of operators
Authors: Calò Simon , Marinissen Coenraad , Rahn Rudi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We present DECO (“Discrete and Efficient Counting of Operators”), an implementation of the Hilbert series to enumerate subleading operator bases for SMEFT-like EFTs with symmetry groups as typically found in flavour and BSM physics. DECO can accommodate EFTs with arbitrary numbers and combinations of the SM gauge groups, as well as the discrete groups S4, A4, and ℤn, and U(1) groups with residual global charge (and these groups’ most important representations). The program is highly modular and can easily be extended to additional groups and/or representations. We demonstrate the design cases for DECO by using it to cross-check subleading operator bases of EFTs in the literature, which allows us to identify a missing operator in a widely used model for the neutrino masses and discuss said operator’s impact.
The extremal Kerr entropy in higher-derivative gravities
Authors: Cano Pablo A. , David Marina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We investigate higher derivative corrections to the extremal Kerr black hole in the context of heterotic string theory with α′ corrections and of a cubic-curvature extension of general relativity. By analyzing the near-horizon extremal geometry of these black holes, we are able to compute the Iyer-Wald entropy as well as the angular momentum via generalized Komar integrals. In the case of the stringy corrections, we obtain the physically relevant relation S(J) at order α′2. On the other hand, the cubic theories, which are chosen as Einsteinian cubic gravity plus a new odd-parity density with analogous features, possess special integrability properties that enable us to obtain exact results in the higher-derivative couplings. This allows us to find the relation S(J) at arbitrary orders in the couplings and even to study it in a non-perturbative way. We also extend our analysis to the case of the extremal Kerr-(A)dS black hole.
Towards improved porous models for solid/fluid topology optimization
Authors: Theulings Maarten J. B. , Langelaar Matthijs , van Keulen Fred , Maas Robert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModeling of fluid flows in density-based topology optimization forms a longstanding challenge. Methods based on the Navier–Stokes equations with Darcy penalization (NSDP equations) are widely used in fluid topology optimization. These methods use porous materials with low permeability to represent the solid domain. Consequently, they suffer from flow leakage in certain areas. In this work, the governing equations for solid/fluid density-based topology optimization are reevaluated and reinterpreted. The governing equations are constructed using the volume averaged Navier–Stokes (VANS) equations, well known in the field of porous flow modeling. Subsequently, we simplify, interpret and discretize the VANS equations in the context of solid/fluid topology optimization, and analytically derive lower bounds on the Darcy penalization to sufficiently prevent flow leakage. Based on both the NSDP and VANS equations, two flow solvers are constructed using the Finite Volume method. Their precision and the lower bound on the Darcy penalization are investigated. Subsequently, the solvers are used to optimize flow channels for minimal pressure drop, and the resulting designs and convergence behavior are compared. The optimization procedure using the VANS equations is found to show less tendency to converge to inferior local optima for more precise flow solutions and is less sensitive to its parameter selection.
Shedding light on starvation in darkness in the plastid-bearing sea slug Elysia viridis (Montagu, 1804)
Authors: Frankenbach Silja , Melo Clavijo Jenny , Brück Michael , Bleidißel Sabrina , Simon Martin , Gasparoni Gilles , Lo Porto Christina , Laetz Elise M. J. , Greve Carola , Donath Alexander , Pütz Laura , Sickinger Corinna , Serôdio João , Christa Gregor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSacoglossa are known for stealing photosynthetically active chloroplasts from their macroalgal food and incorporating them into their cytosol. The nutritional support these alien organelles (kleptoplasts) provide to the slugs is still debatable. Comparing slugs starved in continuous darkness (non-photosynthetic condition) and light (photosynthetic condition) is often used to understand the contribution of the kleptoplasts to the slugs' metabolism. Here, we examined the slugs' side of starvation in darkness to better understand the effects of darkness on the slugs. We compared the gene expression profile and digestive activity of Elysia viridis, starved for one week under ambient light and continuous darkness. Starvation in darkness led to the up-regulation of genes related to glucose deficiency, while genes involved in the development, cellular organization, and reproduction were down-regulated. This specific gene expression may counteract reduced nutrient availability under non-photosynthetic conditions. Under photosynthetic conditions, kleptoplasts may have a higher nutritional value and may be able to support some metabolic processes. It appears that the slugs can only access kleptoplast photosynthates through autophagy during starvation. Nevertheless, autophagy and length reduction in darkness are highly elevated compared to light conditions, suggesting that more slug tissue is needed to satisfy the nutritional demands under non-photosynthetic conditions. Since we did not detect a gene expression related to the export of photosynthates to the slugs, our results support the hypothesis that slugs use kleptoplasts as larders accessible via autophagy. As long as the kleptoplasts are functional, they provide an energetic support, helping the slugs to reduce starvation-induced stress.
The influence of degradation in different pH buffer solutions on the optical and durability properties of Monocryl suture: (an in vitro study)
Authors: Hamza Ahmed A. , El-Bakary Mohammed A. , El-Rashidy Noha M. , Omar Emam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The objective of this work is to investigate the hydrolytic degradation of the Monocryl (PGA/PCL) surgical suture in different pH buffer solutions, and its correlation with the structural alterations the material undergoes. To this end, an in vitro degradation study was conducted under acidic (pH = 2), physiological (pH = 7.4), and alkaline (pH = 8.5) conditions at 37 °C, over 25 days. Changes in the swelling rate, structural and mechanical properties of the Monocryl sample with the degradation time were characterized, from which the related degradation mechanism of the material was concluded. Results showed that the structural values of the Monocryl sample were more sensitive in the alkaline medium than the acidic and neutral ones. It exhibited a reduction in birefringence values by 11.5% from the original one in the buffer solution of pH = 8.5, only 4% at pH = 2, and 2.6% at pH = 7.4, after 20 days of degradation durations. Over the same time period, mechanical loss in neutral, acidic, and alkaline media was decreased to 19, 14.9, and 8.3%, respectively. The obtained results revealed that the Monocryl suture exhibits enhanced degradation properties in neutral conditions rather than both acidic and alkaline ones, with a more homogeneous degradation behavior during the degradation process.

Graphical abstract
Clinical outcomes, complications, and survivorship for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty versus total knee arthroplasty in patients aged 80 years and older with isolated medial knee osteoarthritis: a matched cohort analysis
Authors: D’Ambrosi Riccardo , Ursino Chiara , Mariani Ilaria , Ursino Nicola , Formica Matteo , Chen Antonia F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The primary goal of this study is to compare clinical outcomes, complication rate, and survivorship in octogenarians who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) by performing a matched cohort analysis.

Methods
We analyzed 75 medial UKAs performed by a single experienced surgeon. The included cases were matched with 75 TKAs performed during the same study period. Potential TKA matches used identical exclusion criteria. UKAs were age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched at the rate of 1 UKA to 1 TKA from our departmental database. Clinical evaluation included the visual analog scale for pain, range of motion (ROM—flexion and extension), Knee Society Score (KSS), and Oxford Knee Score (OKS). Each patient was clinically evaluated on the day before the surgery (T0) and at two follow-ups at least 12 months (T1) and 24 months (T2) after the surgery. For the survivorship, revision was defined as failure of the implant (periprosthetic joint infection, periprosthetic fracture, or aseptic loosening), and survival was based on implant revision or patient death. Undesirable clinical developments that were not present at baseline or that increased in severity after treatment were classified as adverse events.

Results
The mean age at the time of the surgery was 82.1 ± 1.9 years for UKA and 81.5 ± 1.8 years for TKA (p = 0.06). The two groups differed in regard to surgical time (UKA 44.9 ± 7.2 min; TKA 54.4 ± 11.3 min; p < 0.001); furthermore, the UKA group showed better function (ROM; flexion and extension) than the TKA group at each follow-up time point (p < 0.05). Both groups reported a significant improvement in all clinical scores (KSS and OKS) when compared with their preoperative status (p < 0.05), while no differences were found between the groups at each follow-up (p > 0.05). The UKA group reported 7 (9.3%) failures, while TKA reported 6 failures. There were no survival differences between the groups (T1: p = 0.2; T2: p = 0.5). Overall complication rate was 6% in the UKA group versus 9.75% in TKA (p = 0.2).

Conclusion
The UKA and TKA patients had similar clinical outcomes, post-operative range of motion, and survivorship in octogenarians with medial knee osteoarthritis, with comparable complication rate. Both the surgical procedures may be considered in this patient population, but further long-term follow-up is needed.

Level of evidence
Level III.