bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional and potential health benefits of fermented food proteins
Authors: Tachie Christabel Y.E. , Onuh John O. , Aryee Alberta N. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDProtein fermentation continues to gain popularity as a result of several factors, including the cost‐effectiveness of the process and the positive correlation of fermented protein consumption, with a reduced risk of developing diet‐related diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disorders, as well as their enhanced nutritional and techno‐functional properties. Nonetheless, the nutritional and health benefits of food protein fermentation such as enhanced nutrient bioavailability, reduced antinutritional factors (ANFs) and enriched bioactive peptides (BAPs) are often overlooked. The present study reviewed recent work on the influence of protein fermentation on nutrition and health. In total, 322 eligible studies were identified on the Scopus and Google Scholar databases out of which 69 studies were evaluated based on our inclusion criteria.RESULTSFermented protein ingredients and products show reduced ANF content, enhanced digestibility and bioavailability, and increased antioxidant and other biological activities, such as probiotic, prebiotic, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory and antihypertensive properties. In addition, co‐products in protein fermentation such as BAPs possess and could contribute additional sensory and flavor properties, degrade toxins, and reduce allergens in foods.CONCLUSIONThus, fermentation is not only a method for food preservation, but also serves as a means for producing functional food products for consumer health promotion and nutrition enrichment. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Cardiovascular risk in patients with scarring and nonscarring alopecias: Assessing the current state of evidence
Authors: Sally Rachel , Robinson Camille , Orlow Seth J. , Shapiro Jerry , Garshick Michael , Sicco Kristen Lo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlopecia is traditionally classified into scarring and nonscarring subtypes, with etiopathologies ranging from androgen‐mediated to immuno‐inflammatory. Over 50% of men and almost 50% of women will experience some form of hair loss in their lifetime. Given this prevalence and the psychosocial significance of hair, understanding the pathophysiology and comorbidities of different types of hair loss is imperative. Other proinflammatory dermatologic disorders, such as psoriasis, are recognised to have systemic manifestations including an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease, and are now considered CV risk‐enhancing conditions. With increased recognition of the importance of systemic inflammation in promoting atherosclerosis, high prevalence, and improved treatment strategies, there is increased interest in establishing whether a similar association between alopecia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) exists. In this manuscript, we aim to review the current literature regarding CV risk in androgenic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA). Additionally, we review the literature for cicatricial alopecias and highlight the need for more research into their potential associations with CV risk. Evidence from the identified AGA publications suggests an association of AGA with CV risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, as well as with coronary artery disease. For AA, most of the identified studies found an association between AA and CV risk, though the relationships were not always statistically significant. Research on cicatricial alopecias and CV risk is limited and often contradictory. There is great need for more studies regarding the association between various types of alopecia and the development of CVD, and potential mechanisms. Particularly needed are more studies of cicatricial alopecias and potential associated CV risk. While some literature suggests that patients with alopecia have an increased risk of CVD, the lack of concrete evidence represents a notable gap in our current understanding.
A case of chronic granuloma related to wild‐type strain of rubella virus in an adult patient with ITK deficiency without primary immunosuppression and review of the literature
Authors: Bouvarel Caroline , Luciani Léa , Sunder Simon , Motard Carine , Barbarot Sebastien , Nougairède Antoine , Zandotti Christine , de Lamballerie Xavier , Delargue Valérie , Crémadès Cassandre , Clerc Caroline‐Jade , Kupfer‐Bessaguet Ingrid 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccording to the review of the literature, rubella virus‐related granuloma is an entity first described in 2014 mainly affecting children with primary immune deficiencies infected with the rubella vaccine strain. The development of rubella virus‐associated granulomas seems to be related to a defect in cellular immunity and their severity varies from a simple cutaneous lesion to deep visceral involvement in some patients. Since then, this type of granuloma has been described in immunocompetent adults, including two cases involving a wild‐type strain of the virus (genotype 2). We report the case of a 70‐year‐old man had suffered from a granuloma of the leg for almost 40 years, in the absence of immunodeficiency. The assessment of the skin granuloma revealed a positive polymerase chain reaction for a wild‐type rubella virus genotype 1a. Genetic studies performed using whole exome sequencing suggest that the disease is due to a homozygous splice site mutation in the ITK gene.
Navigating Pathways to Diagnosis in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Damico Smith Cara , Nanda Nainika , Bonnet Kemberlee , Schlundt David , Anderson Catherine , Fernandes‐Taylor Sara , Gelbard Alexander , Francis David O. 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveIdiopathic subglottic stenosis is a rare disease, and time to diagnosis is often prolonged. In the United States, some estimate it takes an average of 9 years for patients with similar rare disease to be diagnosed. Patient experience during this period is termed the diagnostic odyssey. The aim of this study is to use qualitative methods grounded in behavioral‐ecological conceptual frameworks to identify drivers of diagnostic odyssey length that can help inform efforts to improve health care for iSGS patients.MethodsQualitative study using semi‐structured interviews. Setting consisted of participants who were recruited from those enrolled in a large, prospective multicenter trial. We use directed content analysis to analyze qualitative semi‐structured interviews with iSGS patients focusing on their pathways to diagnosis.ResultsOverall, 30 patients with iSGS underwent semi‐structured interviews. The patient‐reported median time to diagnosis was 21 months. On average, the participants visited four different health care providers. Specialists were most likely to make an appropriate referral to otolaryngology that ended in diagnosis. However, when primary care providers referred to otolaryngology, patients experienced a shorter diagnostic odyssey. The most important behavioral‐ecological factors in accelerating diagnosis were strong social support for the patient and providers' willingness to refer.ConclusionSeveral factors affected time to diagnosis for iSGS patients. Patient social capital was a catalyst in decreasing time to diagnosis. Patient‐reported medical paternalism and gatekeeping limited specialty care referrals extended diagnostic odysseys. Additional research is needed to understand the effect of patient–provider and provider–provider relationships on time to diagnosis for patients with iSGS.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:815–824, 2024
Prognostic Factors for Retropharyngeal Abscess in Children Receiving Surgery or Antibiotic Therapy
Authors: Liu Yupeng , Nicotera Dante J. , Islam Aseeyah A. , Dunsky Kate , Lieu Judith E. C. 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveEffective management of retropharyngeal abscess (RPA) may predicate upon identification of key patient characteristics. We analyzed characteristics and outcomes of pediatric patients with RPA to identify prognostic factors associated with successful surgical intervention.MethodsA financial database was searched for pediatric otolaryngology patients with RPA from 2010 to 2021. Medical charts were reviewed for demographics, presenting history, physical examination, laboratory testing, imaging, surgical findings, and hospital course. Bivariate analyses were performed to identify potentially significant predictors of positive drainage. These variables were included in multivariate analysis of surgical outcomes.ResultsOf 245 total patients, 159 patients (65%) received surgery and 86 patients (35%) received antibiotics only. Patients with restricted cervical motion, neck swelling, and computed tomography (CT) cross‐sectional area (CSA) >2 cm2 were more likely to receive surgery. Rim enhancement on CT imaging was associated with positive surgical drainage (odds ratio [OR] 2.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–5.74). However, no variables from clinical symptoms or physical exam were associated with positive drainage. Variables that approached significance were included in multivariate analysis, which revealed only rim enhancement predicted positive drainage (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.13–5.83). The mean length of stay (LOS) was 2.6 versus 3.5 days (p < 0.001) for medical vs surgical treatment groups, respectively.ConclusionOur study revealed a high success rate of medical management. Although patient characteristics and clinical features were not significant predictors of surgical outcomes, CT findings such as rim enhancement were strongly associated with positive surgical drainage.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 134:1955–1960, 2024
Dendronized Hyperbranched Polyethyleneimines with Switchable Thermoresponsiveness and Encapsulation
Authors: Yao Yi , Liu Ting , Song Jingjie , Li Wen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHyperbranched polyethyleneimines (PEIs) with multiple layered structures and high density of terminal amino groups have shown great potential for applications in biomedicine, sensors, and catalysis. In this work, a kind of dendronized hyperbranched PEIs (DHPs) is synthesized by modification of PEIs with dendritic oligoethylene glycols (OEGs). These DHPs not only inherit the characteristic thermoresponsive behavior from the OEG dendrons, but also show low cytotoxicity and switchable encapsulation capacities. Their thermoresponsive behavior is found to be mainly dependent on the coverage and amphiphilicity of dendritic OEGs, solution pH, and NaCl concentration. Moreover, DHPs exhibit advantages in thermally‐switchable complexation with guest molecules because of their adjustable crowding effect from the densely packed OEG chains. In addition, these DHPs can also be used as nanoreactors, which can reduce metal ions into metal nanoparticles in a convenient way. In virtue of these peculiarities, it is believed that these dendronized hyperbranched PEIs with smart properties can be used as promising scaffolds in drug‐controlled release and nanoreactors.
Comparison between Injection Molding (IM) and Injection‐Compression Molding (ICM) for Mass Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Etxeberria Leire , Badiola Jon Haitz , Astigarraga Malen , Garitaonandia Felipe , Zaldua Ane Miren 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPoint‐of‐care (PoC) and organ‐on‐chip (OoC) devices represent promising microfluidic applications for in vitro analysis and miniaturized analytical studies, reducing the need for traditional animal‐based tests for drug discovery and toxicity studies. Using thermoplastics in microfluidic device manufacturing provides interesting functionalities for expansion of these devices into market. However, market growth requires manufacturing large quantities for low cost, which can be achieved using injection molding techniques. This work involves the design of a microfluidic device with different aspect ratio channels to compare injection molding (IM) and injection‐compression molding (ICM) processes, as well as the design and manufacturing of a metallic insert containing machined inverted microstructures. Injected parts are validated visually, dimensionally, and functionally. The differences between both techniques and two grades of cyclic olefin copolymer materials are analyzed to evaluate microfluidic device mass production feasibility concluding that although the machining process for inverted high aspect ratio microstructures is not mature yet, both IM and ICM processes allow the mass manufacturing of microfluidic devices in thermoplastic. Parts processed by ICM show better replicability of microfluidic structures and less internal stresses generate during the injection process than IM parts, highlighting the potential of this process to achieve thermoplastic microfluidic devices to market.
Unraveling Autonomic Dysfunction in GBA‐Related Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Devigili Grazia , Straccia Giulia , Cereda Emanuele , Garavaglia Barbara , Fedeli Alessandro , Elia Antonio Emanuele , Piacentini Sylvie Hélène Marie Jeanne , Prioni Sara , Amami Paolo , Invernizzi Federica , Andreasi Nico Golfrè , Romito Luigi Michele , Eleopra Roberto , Cilia Roberto 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and GBA gene mutations (GBA‐PD) develop nonmotor complications more frequently than noncarriers. However, an objective characterization of both cardiovascular and sudomotor autonomic dysfunction using extensive clinical and instrumental measures has never been provided so far. Survival is reduced in GBA‐PD regardless of age and dementia, suggesting that other hitherto unrecognized factors are involved.ObjectivesTo provide instrumental measures of pattern and severity of autonomic dysfunction in GBA‐PD and explore their correlation with other non‐motor symptoms and implications for clinical practice.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 21 GBA‐PD and 24 matched PD noncarriers underwent extensive assessment of motor and non‐motor features, including neuropsychological testing. Cardiovascular autonomic function was explored through a comprehensive battery of indexes, including power spectral analysis of the R‐R intervals and blood pressure short‐term variability during resting state and active maneuvers. Dynamic Sweat Test was used to assess post‐ganglionic sudomotor dysfunction.ResultsDespite minimal or absent clinical correlates, cardiovagal and sympathetic indexes, heart rate variability parameters and sudomotor postganglionic function were more severely impaired in GBA‐PD than noncarriers (overcoming relatively preserved compensatory peripheral sympathetic function), suggesting more prominent cardiac sympatho‐vagal demodulation, efferent baroreflex failure and peripheral sympathetic dysfunction in GBA‐PD. Cardiovascular dysautonomia showed marginal correlations with cognitive impairment.ConclusionsCompared to PD noncarriers, GBA‐PD display more severe instrumental autonomic abnormalities, which may be underestimated by purely clinical measures, despite their relevance on morbidity and mortality. This supports the necessity of implementing instrumental autonomic assessment in all GBA‐PD, regardless of clinically overt symptoms.
Novel nanomaterials as photo‐activated cancer diagnostics and therapy
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe word “theranostics” describes an emerging trend in medicine in which the distinction between diagnosis and therapy blurs. Light or photo is used in theranostics to obtain high precision and personalised treatment. As only malignant tissues need to be spared, photo‐triggered theranostics provide highly selective targeting using real‐time imaging. Using nanotechnology to organise a dual‐modality approach is an efficient way to circumvent pharmacokinetic limitations. Photodynamic therapy has been used successfully in the clinic for a while now, and this has paved the path for photo‐triggered theranostics to be developed. The use of light‐activated theranostic nanoforms has progressed from preclinical studies in animals and labs to clinical trials in humans. As both nanomaterials and their methods of manufacture advance, the theranostic approach becomes more nuanced and may be used in a wider range of real‐time imaging and therapy modalities. The depth of anatomical access is also expanding because of developments in light delivery technologies. Combined, these innovations will hasten early cancer diagnosis and make tailored treatment more feasible. A non‐invasive assessment approach also increases patient compliance and reduces risk. Researchers constantly make strides in their effort to create more versatile photo‐sensitive nanoparticles. With any luck, photo‐triggered theranostics may significantly reduce toxicity. In order to provide a better and safer clinical outcome in cancer therapy, this review aims to highlight the latest and greatest innovation research in the domain of nanotheranostics and its photo‐triggering, and to sketch the possibilities for further progression and integration of nanoconstructs and photo‐delivery, and trying to target approach in photo‐triggered theranostics.
Numerical simulation of frost heave of saturated soil considering thermo‐hydro‐mechanical coupling
Authors: Fu Hao , Song Erxiang , Tong Rui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFrost heave can lead to both the ground uplifting and frost heave pressure under different circumstances, and cause many engineering problems. To describe the characteristics of frost heave under various thermo‐hydro‐mechanical (THM) coupling conditions and calculate both the frost heave amount and the frost heave pressure, the coupled THM process, as well as the phase change of the pore water, should be considered for freezing soil. In this paper, thermodynamic equilibrium conditions in saturated freezing soil were derived to account for the mechanical effect on the cryogenic suction and unfrozen saturation of pore water during phase transition. Then the governing equations were developed considering the water flow, heat transfer, stress equilibrium, phase change, ice segregation, and their complex interactions. Based on that, a numerical model considering fully THM coupling is presented within the framework of finite element provided by COMSOL. Both frost heave amount tests and frost heave pressure tests were simulated to verify the proposed model. Then the model was applied to subgrades with different types of soil and different boundary conditions, to reveal the characteristics of frost heave amount and frost heave pressure under different conditions, and at the same time to demonstrate the model's applicative prospect.
Achilles tendon and enthesis assessment using ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE‐MRI) T1 and magnetization transfer (MT) modeling in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Moazamian Dina , Athertya Jiyo S. , Dwek Sophia , Lombardi Alecio F. , Mohammadi Hamidreza Shaterian , Sedaghat Sam , Jang Hyungseok , Ma Yajun , Chung Christine B. , Du Jiang , Jerban Saeed , Chang Eric Y. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the use of ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques (T1 and magnetization transfer [MT] modeling) for imaging of the Achilles tendons and entheses in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared with asymptomatic volunteers. The heels of twenty‐six PsA patients (age 59 ± 15 years, 41% female) and twenty‐seven asymptomatic volunteers (age 33 ± 11 years, 47% female) were scanned in the sagittal plane with UTE‐T1 and UTE‐MT modeling sequences on a 3‐T clinical scanner. UTE‐T1 and macromolecular proton fraction (MMF; the main outcome of MT modeling) were calculated in the tensile portions of the Achilles tendon and at the enthesis (close to the calcaneus bone). Mann–Whitney‐U tests were used to examine statistically significant differences between the two cohorts. UTE‐T1 in the entheses was significantly higher for the PsA group compared with the asymptomatic group (967 ± 145 vs. 872 ± 133 ms, p < 0.01). UTE‐T1 in the tendons was also significantly higher for the PsA group (950 ± 145 vs. 850 ± 138 ms, p < 0.01). MMF in the entheses was significantly lower in the PsA group compared with the asymptomatic group (15% ± 3% vs. 18% ± 3%, p < 0.01). MMF in the tendons was also significantly lower in the PsA group compared with the asymptomatic group (17% ± 4% vs. 20% ± 5%, p < 0.01). Percentage differences in MMF between the asymptomatic and PsA groups (−16.6% and −15.0% for the enthesis and tendon, respectively) were higher than the T1 differences (10.8% and 11.7% for the enthesis and tendon, respectively). The results suggest higher T1 and lower MMF in the Achilles tendons and entheses in PsA patients compared with the asymptomatic group. This study highlights the potential of UTE‐T1 and UTE‐MT modeling for quantitative evaluation of entheses and tendons in PsA patients.
Synthetic multi‐contrast late gadolinium enhancement imaging using post‐contrast magnetic resonance fingerprinting
Authors: Rashid Imran , Al‐Kindi Sadeer , Rajagopalan Varun , Walker Jonathan , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Seiberlich Nicole , Hamilton Jesse I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLate gadolinium enhancement (LGE) MRI is the non‐invasive reference standard for identifying myocardial scar and fibrosis but has limitations, including difficulty delineating subendocardial scar and operator dependence on image quality. The purpose of this work is to assess the feasibility of generating multi‐contrast synthetic LGE images from post‐contrast T1 and T2 maps acquired using magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF). Fifteen consecutive patients with a history of prior ischemic cardiomyopathy (12 men; mean age 63
13 years) were prospectively scanned at 1.5 T between Oct 2020 and May 2021 using conventional LGE and MRF after injection of gadolinium contrast. Three classes of synthetic LGE images were derived from MRF post‐contrast T1 and T2 maps: bright‐blood phase‐sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR), black‐ and gray‐blood T2‐prepared PSIR (T2‐PSIR), and a novel “tissue‐optimized” image to enhance differentiation among scar, viable myocardium, and blood. Image quality was assessed on a 1–5 Likert scale by two cardiologists, and contrast was quantified as the mean absolute difference (MAD) in pixel intensities between two tissues, with different methods compared using Kruskal–Wallis with Bonferroni post hoc tests. Per‐patient and per‐segment scar detection rates were evaluated using conventional LGE images as reference. Image quality scores were highest for synthetic PSIR (4.0) and reference images (3.8), followed by synthetic tissue‐optimized (3.3), gray‐blood T2‐PSIR (3.0), and black‐blood T2‐PSIR (2.6). Among synthetic images, PSIR yielded the highest myocardium/scar contrast (MAD = 0.42) but the lowest blood/scar contrast (MAD = 0.05), and vice versa for T2‐PSIR, while tissue‐optimized images achieved a balance among all tissues (myocardium/scar MAD = 0.16, blood/scar MAD = 0.26, myocardium/blood MAD = 0.10). Based on reference mid‐ventricular LGE scans, 13/15 patients had myocardial scar. The per‐patient sensitivity/accuracy for synthetic images were the following: PSIR, 85/87%; black‐blood T2‐PSIR, 62/53%; gray‐blood T2‐PSIR, 100/93%; tissue optimized, 100/93%. Synthetic multi‐contrast LGE images can be generated from post‐contrast MRF data without additional scan time, with initial feasibility shown in ischemic cardiomyopathy patients.