bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Keloids with Surgery and Immediate Postoperative Radiotherapy: Knowledge Gained Over 17 Years
Authors: Bhattacharya Neela , Bhattacharya Kaushik , Chandran T.C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground The treatment of keloidal scars with radiotherapy has been practiced for more than a century. Radiotherapy post-surgery has been deemed necessary and effective in preventing recurrence but still, no clear guidelines exist as to the best modality of radiotherapy, the ideal dose, and the time it should be given for keloidal scars. The purpose of this study is to confirm the effectiveness of this treatment and address these issues.Methods Since 2004, 120 patients presenting with keloidal scars were seen by the author. Out of them, 50 were managed with surgery followed by HDR brachytherapy/electron beam radiotherapy delivering 2000 rads to the scar within 24 hours of surgery. Patients were followed up for at least 18 months to assess the scar status and the recurrence of keloids. Recurrence was defined as the appearance of a nodule or an obvious return of the keloid within 1 year of treatment.Results Three patients developed a nodule in the scar, which was deemed a recurrence, making an incidence of 6%. There was no major problem after immediate postoperative radiotherapy. Five patients had delayed healing at 2 weeks and a hypertrophic scar was noted in five patients at 4 weeks that settled with conservative measures.Conclusion Treating the vexing problem of keloids with surgery and immediate postoperative radiotherapy is safe and effective. We recommend that this be adopted as the standard treatment in keloid management.
Slow and Steady: Optimizing Intensive Care Unit Treatment Weans for Children with Chronic Critical Illness
Authors: Troch Rachel L. , Lazzara Alexandra M. , Yazigi Flora N. , Blatt Carly E. , Zierk Avery W. , Chalk Bethany S. , Prichett Laura M. , Perazzo Sofia I. , Rais-Bahrami Khodayar , Boss Renee D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPediatric chronic critical illness (PCCI) is characterized by prolonged and recurrent hospitalizations, multiorgan conditions, and use of medical technology. Our prior work explored the mismatch between intensive care unit (ICU) acute care models and the chronic needs of patients with PCCI. The objective of this study was to examine whether the number and frequency of treatment weans in ICU care were associated with clinical setbacks and/or length of stay for patients with PCCI. A retrospective chart review of the electronic medical record for 300 pediatric patients with PCCI was performed at the neonatal intensive care unit, pediatric intensive care unit, and cardiac intensive care unit of two urban children's hospitals. Daily patient care data related to weans and setbacks were collected for each ICU day. Data were analyzed using multilevel mixed multiple logistic regression analysis and a multilevel mixed Poisson regression. The patient-week level adjusted regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between weans and setbacks: three or more weekly weans yielded an odds ratio of 3.35 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.06–5.44) of having one or more weekly setback. There was also a correlation between weans and length of stay, three or more weekly weans were associated with an incidence rate ratio of 1.09 (95% CI = 1.06–1.12). Long-stay pediatric ICU patients had more clinical setbacks and longer hospitalizations if they had more than two treatment weans per week. This suggests that patients with PCCI may benefit from a slower pace of care than is traditionally used in the ICU. Future research to explore the causative nature of the correlation is needed to improve the care of such challenging patients.
Effect of Vaginal Washing before Intravaginal Prostaglandin Insertion on Induction of Labor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Baradwan Saeed , Al-Matary Abdulrahman , Alshahrani Majed Saeed , Khadawardi Khalid , Latifah Abdullah , ElHodiby Mohamed E. , Samy Mohammed , Safwat Sarah , Zaki Ahmed , Hussein Mohamed , Hegazy Mahmoud A. , Elsharkawy Suzan , Abdelhakim Ahmed Mohamed , Abdelwahed Rania Mahfouz , Nawara Maii , Elsenity Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2023

Objective Saline vaginal douching prior to intravaginal prostaglandin application might increase the vaginal pH, leading to improvement of prostaglandin bioavailability, by which the outcomes of labor induction can be greatly improved. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of vaginal washing with normal saline before insertion of vaginal prostaglandin for labor induction.
Study Design A systematic search was done in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science from inception to March 2022. We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared vaginal washing using normal saline versus no vaginal washing in the control group before intravaginal prostaglandin insertion during labor induction. We used RevMan software for our meta-analysis. Our main outcomes were the duration of intravaginal prostaglandin application, duration from intravaginal prostaglandin insertion to active phase of labor, duration from intravaginal prostaglandin insertion till total cervical dilatation, labor induction failure rate, incidence of cesarean section (CS), and rates of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and fetal infection postdelivery.
Results Five RCTs were retrieved with a total number of 842 patients. Duration of prostaglandin application, duration from prostaglandin insertion to active phase of labor, and time interval from prostaglandin insertion to total cervical dilatation were significantly shorter among vaginal washing group (p < 0.05). Vaginal douching prior to prostaglandin insertion significantly decreased the incidence of failed labor induction (p < 0.001). After the removal of reported heterogeneity, vaginal washing was linked to a significant decline in CS incidence (p = 0.04). In addition, the rates of NICU admission and fetal infection were significantly lower in the vaginal washing group (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Vaginal washing with normal saline before intravaginal prostaglandin insertion is a useful and easily applicable method for labor induction with good outcomes.
Key Points
Dealing with death: The role of animal-themed literature in supporting children with grief and loss
Authors: Smit Elaine , Smith Bradley P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe way that children deal with, and develop an understanding of death has long-term effects on their development and wellbeing. Mental health practitioners regularly turn to bibliotherapy (the use of books), many of which portray non-human animals as central characters, as a therapeutic tool for bereaved children. However, the extent to which non-human animal characters are used to assist children dealing with loss and dying, nor how and why it is used, particularly in relation to available therapies, is not well understood. To explore this, we conducted an online survey of 47 Australian mental health practitioners (M= 45.55 years of age,SD= 12.81; 80.9% female) who specialise in providing grief counselling to children (average of 13.26 years +/− 10.05 of professional experience). Overall, just over half (60.0%,n= 24/40) of practitioners preferred to use animal-themed death literature. However, it was not the most frequently used, nor considered the most effective therapeutic option across all age groups. There was a clear reduction in perceived usefulness with age. Bibliotherapy with animal characters was considered most effective for children between the ages of 2 and 7, and least effective for those over 12. Thematic analyses of open-ended responses revealed three overarching themes: (1) Animal-themed bibliotherapy was viewed as helpful in creating a bridge to access children’s emotions and providing a safe space to share them. (2) Practitioners considered animal-characters helpful for developing accurate death conceptualisation in younger children due to their familiarity with animals. Familiarity helps to encourage children to apply their observations of animal life cycles to human death, children identify with animal-characters, and they generally find animals appealing. (3) Its adoption by a therapist is dependent on children’s unique characteristics, practitioners’ personal preferences and the availability of appropriate literature. Findings from this study provide insight into practitioner perceptions of the role animal-characters play in children’s understanding of death at different ages and help to inform subject-matter choice for bibliotherapy literature. Animal-themed death literature has application as an adjunct therapy tool to assist children experiencing grief related to death and dying, but also more broadly (e.g., teachers and caregivers) to foster a healthy understanding of death in children.
The performance evaluation of pleated electret filters enhanced by electrostatic enhanced method
Authors: Ma Mingyu , Wang Chunjie , Dong Shuangxing , Wu Chendi , Feng Zongyu , Wang Mingzhao , Luo Hanbing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The filtration efficiency deterioration over operating time due to exposure to particles, organic solvents and other factors is an obvious defect of electret filter, especially during the coronavirus pandemic. Electrostatic enhanced method has been proposed as a promising way to improve the filtration efficiency and service time of electret filters without increasing the pressure drop. In this work, the effect of discharge electrode structure and operation mode of the electrostatic enhanced structure(EES) on the filtration efficiency of commercial pleated electret filters were studied firstly, then the EES was installed in a special designed prototype air purifier, two key indicators of air purifiers(clean air delivery rate (CADR) and cumulate clean mass (CCM)) were tested to evaluate the actual performance improvement of electret filters by the electrostatic enhanced method. It was found that the discharge electrode structure had significant influence on the filtration efficiency and multi-wire array electrode was more suitable for the discharge electrode to pleated filter to ground mesh structure used in this paper. The decayed electrostatic charges of pleated electret filter cannot be recharged again through the EES in actual operation condition. The filtration efficiency improvement of the test pleated electret filters was dominantly contributed by particle charging. The filter polarizing induced by the external electric field was helpful in increasing the filtration efficiency when the particles were charged while its effect on uncharged particles was almost negligible. Besides, the actual performance of the prototype air purifier indicated that the EES can alleviate the filtration efficiency deterioration of test electret filters and extend the service life of H11 and H13 filters by more than 3 and 1.5 times respectively according to the CCM test results.
Numerical simulation of fractal wave propagation of a multi-dimensional nonlinear fractional-in-space Schrödinger equation
Authors: Tang Wei-Fang , Wang Yu-Lan , Li Zhi-Yuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper studies a quantum particle traveling in a fractal space-time, which can be modelled by a fractional modification of the Schrödinger equation with variable coefficients. The Fourier spectral method is used to reveal the solution properties numerically, and the fractal properties are illustrated graphically by choosing different coefficients and different fractional orders. Some novel isosurface plots of the dynamics of pattern formation in the fractional Schrödinger equation with variable coefficients are shown.
The momentum distributions of triatomic molecular ion
H32+
by intense laser pulses
Authors: Lei Zhi-Xian , Yan Shu-Juan , Hao Xin-Yu , Ma Pan , Zhou Sheng-Peng , Guo Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We investigate theoretically the photoionization of triatomic molecular ion

H

3

2
+

by numerically solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equations under Bohn-Oppenheimer approximation. The results show that the photoelectron momentum distributions (PMDs) of

H

3

2
+

with different initial states are strongly dependent on the laser ellipticities and molecular orbital symmetry, and the PMDs of degenerate electronic states E
± are mirror images. Also, for degenerate electronic states E
±, vortex structures appear in the PMDs by the counter-rotating circularly polarized laser pulses as the time delay between the two pulses increases, which can be explained by multi-center ionization and ultrafast photoionization model.
A static paradigm based on illusion-induced VEP for brain-computer interfaces
Authors: Ruxue Li , Hu Honglin , Zhao Xi , Wang Zhenyu , Xu Guiying 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) have been commonly applied in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) due to their satisfactory classification performance recently. However, most existing methods with flickering or oscillating stimuli will induce visual fatigue under long-term training, thus restricting the implementation of VEP-based BCIs. To address this issue, a novel paradigm adopting static motion illusion based on illusion-induced visual evoked potential is proposed for BCIs to enhance visual experience and practicality. Approach. This study explored the responses to baseline and illusion tasks including the rotating-tilted-lines illusion and rotating-snakes illusion. The distinguishable features were examined between different illusions by analyzing the event-related potentials and amplitude modulation of evoked oscillatory responses. Main results. The illusion stimuli elicited VEPs in an early time window encompassing a negative component (N1) from 110 to 200 ms and a positive component (P2) between 210 and 300 ms. Based on the feature analysis, a filter bank was designed to extract discriminative signals. The task-related component analysis was used to evaluate the binary classification task performance of the proposed method. Then the highest accuracy of 86.67% was achieved with a data length of 0.6 s. Significance. The results of this study demonstrate that the static motion illusion paradigm has the feasibility of implementation and is promising for VEP-based BCI applications.
Wire electron beam additive manufacturing of copper
Authors: Baufeld B 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The potential of additive manufacturing of copper components is not yet sufficiently investigated despite the existence of a large market for copper products, especially in the energy, mobility, and aerospace sectors. Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) and laser directed energy deposition (DED) with conventional lasers, the latter due to the high light reflection in copper, have difficulties in the additive manufacturing of this material. The electron beam, on the other hand, achieves a high energy input even with copper and thus the desired efficiency. Wire electron beam additive manufacturing (WEBAM) is capable to produce pore free copper components with high deposition rates in the range of 2 kg/h. The microstructure of pure copper WEBAM parts exhibits large, elongated grains growing epitaxially and additional structures related to the layered approach specific for additive manufacturing. The company pro-beam additive GmbH investigates several applications required by different markets. As an example, for the aerospace industry a model for a rocket motor (650 mm height, 295 mm maximum diameter, 22 kg weight) was developed. For the energy sector, the capability of WEBAM to generate multi-material components was applied to create copper structures on steel base components with good adherence.
Effect of beam oscillation and focusing on the electron beam welded 1100M high strength structural steel joint
Authors: Sisodia R P S , Gáspár M , Hodúlová E 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The development of ultra-high-strength steels (UHSS) is revolutionizing its need in the diverse field of application, and the main credit going to the new technological advancement in the manufacturing of steels using special heat treatment like the thermomechanical rolled process to produce UHSS with up to 1300 MPa tensile strength in the thicker plate. The steel provides higher strength, toughness, and extensive reduced weight, significant in structural components and higher load lifting vehicles (e.g., mobile cranes, trailers, concrete pump trucks, etc.) with lower fuel consumption. However, welding of UHSS is also a challenge due to their higher crack susceptibility and hardness reduction in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The study’s main objective is to analyse the effect of beam focus on the weld geometry and the different beam oscillation on the weld microstructure and hardness behaviour of the 1100M EB-welded joint. The S1100M steel samples of the thickness of 15 mm were butt-welded by autogenous electron beam welding (EBW). The study finds that UHSS can be satisfactorily welded with EBW, improving the weld geometry with beam focus. The observed results show that beam oscillation’s microstructural and hardness behaviour was attributed to developing a more uniform microstructure.
A cyber-physical approach for development of Vacuum Control System on the EBMR plant
Authors: Tzakova D , Ivanova T , Belev Y , Batchkova I 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
One of the great challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the transition to Cyber-Physical Systems, which allows for a high degree of adaptability, autonomy, reliability, usability and security. Cyber-Physical Systems-based control and automation is one of the possible ways to implement a smart factory. The cyber-physical approach, proposed in this paper is based on to the standard for Batch Control IEC-61512 (also known as S88) and the standard for development of distributed process measurement and control systems - IEC-61499. The suggested approach is implemented for development of vacuum control system, which is a part of the electron beam melting and refining plant producing metals and alloys with a high degree of purity.
Constraints to sustained adoption of organic farming and ramifications to community development in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines
Authors: Lumbo S G , Salamanca J V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study looks into a recurring issue that adoption of organic farming is problematic despite the Philippine government’s big investment on its massive promotion and notwithstanding of the technology’s potential for delivering economic, environmental, and social benefits. The study involved two major players—a private enterprise and an organic farmers’ association in organic farming. It argued that a private enterprise perceived to be resource-rich is likely to sustain adoption of organic farming compared to farmers belonging to the people’s organization. Mixed method and participatory data gathering techniques were employed. Both groups practiced organic farming techniques endorsed by the Philippine National Standards on Organic Agriculture. The private enterprise is engaged in the production of forest trees, fruits, vegetables, spices, rice, swine, and cattle. The farmers’ association is producing high value crops such as rice, onion, watermelon, and garlic. However, both have experienced some constraints categorized as political and regulatory that may prevent them from sustaining organic farming in the future. These constraints may hamper their desire to contribute to improving people’s well-being while ensuring the integrity and protection of the environment.
Contribution of a forest rehabilitated with various schemes of agroforestry in storing carbon
Authors: Nurjanto HH , Prehaten D , Ratnaningrum Y W N , Ningrum F D , Shohwati S , Haq A I , Lutfia A K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Rehabilitation of degraded forest areas in the Forest Research and Education (FRE) Wanagama 1 was conducted by planting trees and crops in various agroforestry schemes. This approach is aimed to establish a successful plantation while allowing local people gaining benefits through farming in the forest land. At present, the FRE Wanagama 1 has several forests stands with various ground cover vegetations. This research was carried out to estimate the contribution of the forest for storing carbon, by estimating aboveground biomass (stand, ground cover, and litter) as well as soil organic carbon. Results of this study reveal that from the above-ground perspective, Swietenia stand stores the greatest carbon, approximately (229.35 Mg.ha−1), followed by those of Eucalyptus stand (135.91 Mg.ha−1), Acacia stand (69.01 Mg.ha−1), and Gliricidia stand (59.35 Mg.ha−1). The lowest level of carbon storage is observed in Melaleuca stand (5.36 Mg.ha−1) due to annual harvest of the leaves for oil production. The highest soil organic carbon was found in Swietenia stand (135.10 Mg.ha−1), followed by those of Gliricidia stand (131.26 Mg.ha−1), Eucalyptus stand (107.53 Mg.ha−1), and Acacia stand (105.61 Mg.ha−1). Whereas the lowest soil organic carbon was found in Melaleuca stand (67.59 Mg.ha−1). Up to 61.78% and 92.04% of the total carbon in each stand and soil can be used to store carbon, respectively. However, the agroforestry scheme must be wisely chosen, otherwise they will be significat reduction in the capability of the stand and the soil in storing carbon.
The diversity of birds in the young oil palm agroforestry plot in Jambi, Indonesia
Authors: Ridho D , Marhaento H , Imron M A , Susanti A , Permadi D B , Budiadi  , Riyanto S , Ardiansyah F , Madjid M I N , Nissauqodry S V , Susanto M G , Cahyani A P , Irawan B , Yanarita  
Published: February 2023

Abstract
By 2010, Sumatera Island of Indonesia had lost the highest annual forest cover due to oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) expansion, leading to adverse environmental impacts. The introduction of oil palm agroforestry (OPAF) within the social forestry program was to reduce these environmental impacts, conserve biodiversity, enhance wildlife habitat, and improve smallholder household resilience. However, the information on OPAF implementation progress and its benefits and ecological impacts still need to be explored. This research aims to measure the diversity of birds in young OPAF by comparing birds’ diversity in four land covers: young oil palm agroforestry (three years after establishment), old oil palm agroforestry (20 years after establishment), oil palm monoculture, and secondary forest. We indicated 43 bird species from 25 families across all land covers. The secondary forest had the highest valueof bird diversity index value of 2.80. The second was the first young oil palm agroforestry (2.42), followed by old OPAF, oil palm monoculture, and the second young OPAF with index values of 2.30, 2.19, and 2.16, respectively. Enrichment planting on oil palm monoculture through OPAF development could help restore tropical forests’ structural complexity while also providing more suitable bird habitats.