bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growing with smart products: Why customization capabilities matter for manufacturing firms
Authors: Schulz Colin , Kortmann Sebastian , Piller Frank T. , Pollok Patrick 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManufacturing firms that engage in digital transformation develop increasingly smarter versions of their tangible products to reinvigorate growth in shrinking markets. However, they often struggle with translating their investments in digitalization capabilities into actual returns in the form of sales growth. The associated technological advantages often remain unexploited, and digital product innovations frequently fail. Building on the resource‐based view of the firm and the demand‐side perspective, we theorize that there is a need for complementary capabilities that integrate heterogeneous customer demands, thus, allowing firms to capture more value from smart products. We empirically investigate the mediating role of smart customization capability on the relationship between digitalization capabilities and sales growth. Moreover, we argue that this relationship is further strengthened by integrating information and data across sales and service channels (i.e., channel integration). We test and find support for our hypotheses based on a dataset comprising survey and archival data of 136 smart product manufacturers in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, and the United States. In doing so, we enhance the theoretical understanding of resource and capability configurations needed for digital transformation in general and smart product success in particular. We further update the traditional concept of mass customization by showing how customization with smart products helps manufacturing firms provide personalized solutions at scale.
Double‐negative T cells regulate the progression of liver fibrosis through Th9 cells differentiation
Authors: Han Chenyang , Pei Hongyan , Sheng Yongjia , Wang Jin , Zhou Xiaohong , Li Wenyan , Wu Shasha , Yang Yi , Sheng Jian , Cao Chenxi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur previous study found that double negative T cells (DNTs) could promote the NLRP3 activation through high expression of TNF‐α, thereby leading to hepatic fibrosis progression. We focused on investigating the role and mechanism of DNTs in regulating the Th9 cells differentiation in liver fibrosis. In our results, among patients with liver fibrosis, the proportions of peripheral blood DNTs and Th9 cells were up‐regulated and positively correlated. While promoting the progression of liver fibrosis in mice, DNTs could elevate the proportion of Th9 cells and activate the TNFR2‐STAT5‐NF‐κB pathway. The use of IL‐9 and TNF‐α monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) inhibited the effect of DNTs and lowered the proportion of Th9 cells in tissues. In vitro experiments showed that DNTs could promote the Th9 cells differentiation of Naive T cells, while TNF‐α mAbs could inhibit such effect of DNTs to lower the proportion of Th9 cells. We found that DNTs can activate TNFR2‐STAT5‐NF‐κB pathway by secreting TNF‐α, thereby promoting the Th9 Cells differentiation to facilitate the progression of liver fibrosis. There is interaction between DNTs and Th9 cells.
Influence of NOD2 risk variants on hepatic encephalopathy and association with inflammation, bacterial translocation and immune activation
Authors: Ripoll Cristina , Greinert Robin , Reuken Philipp , Reichert Matthias Christian , Weber Susanne N. , Hupfer Yvonne , Staltner Raphaela , Meier Clinien Magdalena , Lammert Frank , Bruns Tony , Zipprich Alexander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundNucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) risk variants lead to impaired mucosal barrier function, increased bacterial translocation (BT), and systemic inflammation.AimTo evaluate the association between the presence of NOD2 risk variants, BT, inflammation, and hepatic encephalopathy (HE).Patients and MethodsThis prospective multicenter study included patients with cirrhosis and testing for NOD2 risk variants (p.R702W, p.G908R, c.3020insC, N289S, and c.‐958T>C). Patients were evaluated for covert (C) and overt (O) HE. Markers of systemic inflammation (leukocytes, CRP, IL‐6, LBP) and immune activation (soluble CD14) as well as bacterial endotoxin (hTRL4 activation) were determined in serum.ResultsOverall, 172 patients (70% men; median age 60 [IQR 54–66] years; MELD 12 [IQR 9–16]; 72% ascites) were included, of whom 53 (31%) carried a NOD2 risk variant. In this cohort, 11% presented with OHE and 27% and CHE. Presence and severity of HE and surrogates of inflammation, BT, and immune activation did not differ between patients with and without a NOD2 risk variant, also not after adjustment for MELD. HE was associated with increased ammonia and systemic inflammation, as indicated by elevated CRP (w/o HE: 7.2 [2.7–16.7]; with HE 12.6 [4.5–29.7] mg/dL; p < 0.001) and elevated soluble CD14 (w/o HE 2592 [2275–3033]; with HE 2755 [2410–3456] ng/mL; p = 0.025).ConclusionsThe presence of NOD2 risk variants in patients with cirrhosis is not associated with HE and has no marked impact on inflammation, BT, or immune activation. In contrast, the presence of HE was linked to ammonia, the acute phase response, and myeloid cell activation.
Brain Engagement During a Cognitive Flexibility Task Relates to Academic Performance in English Learners
Authors: Nugiel Tehila , Mitchell Mackenzie E. , Demeter Damion V. , Garza AnnaCarolina , Cirino Paul T. , Hernandez Arturo E. , Juranek Jenifer , Church Jessica A. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTEnglish Learners (ELs), students from non‐English‐speaking backgrounds, are a fast‐growing, understudied, group of students in the U.S. with unique learning challenges. Cognitive flexibility—the ability to switch between task demands with ease—may be an important factor in learning for ELs as they have to manage learning in their non‐dominant language and access knowledge in multiple languages. We used functional MRI to measure cognitive flexibility brain activity in a group of Hispanic middle school ELs (N = 63) and related it to their academic skills. We found that brain engagement during the cognitive flexibility task was related to both out‐of‐scanner reading and math measures. These relationships were observed across the brain, including in cognitive control, attention, and default mode networks. This work suggests the real‐world importance of cognitive flexibility for adolescent ELs, where individual differences in brain engagement were associated with educational outcomes.
Rhizobium nodule diversity and composition are influenced by clover host selection and local growth conditions
Authors: Fields Bryden , Moeskjær Sara , Deakin William J. , Moffat Emma K. , Roulund Niels , Andersen Stig U. , Young J. Peter W. , Friman Ville‐Petri 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile shaping of plant microbiome composition through ‘host filtering’ is well documented in legume–rhizobium symbioses, it is less clear to what extent different varieties and genotypes of the same plant species differentially influence symbiont community diversity and composition. Here, we compared how clover host varieties and genotypes affect the structure of Rhizobium populations in root nodules under conventional field and controlled greenhouse conditions. We first grew four Trifolium repens (white clover) F2 crosses and one variety in a conventional field trial and compared differences in root nodule Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiovar trifolii (Rlt) genotype diversity using high‐throughput amplicon sequencing of chromosomal housekeeping (rpoB and recA) genes and auxiliary plasmid‐borne symbiosis genes (nodA and nodD). We found that Rlt nodule diversities significantly differed between clover crosses, potentially due to host filtering. However, variance in Rlt diversity largely overlapped between crosses and was also explained by the spatial distribution of plants in the field, indicative of the role of local environmental conditions for nodule diversity. To test the effect of host filtering, we conducted a controlled greenhouse trial with a diverse Rlt inoculum and several host genotypes. We found that different clover varieties and genotypes of the same variety selected for significantly different Rlt nodule communities and that the strength of host filtering (deviation from the initial Rhizobium inoculant composition) was positively correlated with the efficiency of symbiosis (rate of plant greenness colouration). Together, our results suggest that selection by host genotype and local growth conditions jointly influence white clover Rlt nodule diversity and community composition.
lncRNA MtCIR2 positively regulates plant‐freezing tolerance by modulating CBF/DREB1 gene clusters
Authors: Zhao Mingui , Tian Rui , Sun Xiaohan , Zhang Wen‐Hao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in regulation of plant response to environmental stress. CBF/DREB1s are highly conserved transcription factors that regulate response to cold stress in plants. However, very few lncRNAs were found to regulate expression of CBFs and cold tolerance in plant. Here, we identified a cold‐responsive long intergenic noncoding RNA (MtCIR2) of CBF/DREB1 genes that were located in a major freezing tolerance QTL region of legume Medicago truncatula. We found that response of MtCIR2 transcription was more rapid than that of MtCBF/DREB1s during cold treatment. MtCIR2 positively regulated M. truncatula freezing tolerance, such that overexpression of MtCIR2 led to higher survival rate and lower cell membrane damage than wild‐type plants, while mutation of MtCIR2 rendered the mutants more sensitive to cold stress. In addition, expression levels of MtCBF/DREB1s were up‐regulated in the MtCIR2 overexpressing lines and down‐regulated in the mutants. Among the MtCIR2‐regulated genes, the strongest enriched genes were those involved in polysaccharide metabolic processes. In addition, we demonstrated that overexpression of MtCIR2 led to increases in contents of soluble sugars. These results highlight that MtCIR2 positively regulates tolerance to freezing by regulating MtCBF/DREB1s expression and glycometabolism in M. truncatula.
Mechanisms of regulatory capture: Testing claims of industry influence in the case of Vioxx
Authors: Heims Eva , Moxon Sophie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a systematic empirical study of the causal mechanisms of regulatory capture. It applies process‐tracing methods to the Vioxx drug scandal that was widely regarded to be a result of capture. In doing so, this paper provides a robust empirical analysis of regulatory capture lacking in the current literature. The analysis focuses on the role of the UK drug regulator in licensing and monitoring a drug that caused hundreds of thousands of heart attacks before it was taken off the market in 2004. We develop and systemically operationalize three causal mechanisms of capture to study the evidence on regulatory decision‐making on Vioxx. Through explicit theoretical and empirical evaluation of the evidence, we show that the degree of capture through the revolving door, information overload and shared cultural frameworks was limited. By opening the black‐box of empirical capture research, the paper highlights the problematic consequences of (mis‐)diagnosis of regulatory capture by scholars, the media, and policymakers.
The middle class and the modalities of political protest: evidence from the Arab world
Authors: Desai Raj M. , Olofsgård Anders , Yousef Tarik M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe middle class has historically played a decisive role in mass movements and rebellions against the status quo, including in both peaceful and violent protests that spread throughout the Middle East and North Africa following the events of the Arab Spring. Yet, we know little about why the middle class tends to be over‐represented in protest movements, or why that protest takes nonviolent versus violent forms.MethodsWe develop a model in which protest constitutes a “costly” signal of discontent, where violent actions are more costly than peaceful demonstrations and where the cost of action increases with individual income. Under such assumptions, the upper‐middle class will engage in nonviolent protest, the lower middle class will support violence against the government, while the poorest and richest will abstain from opposition activities.ResultsSurvey data from the World Values Survey and the Gallup World Poll across 20 Arab countries supports these hypotheses. Using both parametric and semi‐parametric analyses, we find that participation in nonviolent protests and general strikes rises from the first (lowest) and peaks at the fourth income quintile, then declines thereafter. Meanwhile, support for political violence rises sharply between the first and second quintiles, falling for individuals in the upper quintiles. Our findings are robust to broader measures of wealth and status, as well as to corrections for regime type, levels of regime support, and joint determination of anti‐regime behaviors.ConclusionsThese findings shed light on why certain socioeconomic groups engage in anti‐governmental behaviors, while others do not, and suggest that income subgroups within the middle class may choose different modalities of protest.
A FEATURE‐BASED ACCOUNT OF GENERICITY AND KIND REFERENCE
Authors: Köylü Yılmaz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGenericity encompasses two distinct phenomena. The first one is reference to a kind, whereby a predicate describes a property directly of a kind as in Dinosaurs are extinct. The second one is a characterizing or a generic sentence that expresses generalizations as in Cats meow. A feature of generic sentences is that they tolerate exceptions. We accept sentences such as Mosquitos carry the West Nile virus to be true although the predicated property characterizes less than 1 percent of the generic noun phrase.In this article, I propose a feature‐based account of genericity and kind reference linked to a formal semantics that articulates the features responsible for genericity and kind reference and where they are encoded. I argue that genericity and kind reference is due to the [−domain restriction] feature encoded on the (D)eterminer, the [+set] feature on the head of the Set Phrase, and the [+/−exception tolerance] feature encoded on a predicate. This feature‐based account explains why a sentence like Cats meow is tolerant of exceptions while Dinosaurs are extinct is not. My account is in line with the Borer‐Chomsky Conjecture (Baker 2008), according to which crosslinguistic parametric variation is due to differences in the features of functional heads.
AnNLRintegrated domain toolkit to identify plant pathogen effector targets
Authors: Landry David , Mila Isabelle , Sabbagh Cyrus Raja Rubenstein , Zaffuto Matilda , Pouzet Cécile , Tremousaygue Dominique , Dabos Patrick , Deslandes Laurent , Peeters Nemo 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARYPlant immune receptors, known as NOD‐like receptors (NLRs), possess unique integrated decoy domains that enable plants to attract pathogen effectors and initiate a specific immune response. The present study aimed to create a library of these integrated domains (IDs) and screen them with pathogen effectors to identify targets for effector virulence and NLR–effector interactions. This works compiles IDs found in NLRs from seven different plant species and produced a library of 78 plasmid clones containing a total of 104 IDs, representing 43 distinct InterPro domains. A yeast two‐hybrid assay was conducted, followed by anin plantainteraction test, using 32 conserved effectors fromRalstonia pseudosolanacearumtype III. Through these screenings, three interactions involving different IDs (kinase, DUF3542, WRKY) were discovered interacting with two unrelated type III effectors (RipAE and PopP2). Of particular interest was the interaction between PopP2 and ID#85, an atypical WRKY domain integrated into a soybean NLR gene (GmNLR‐ID#85). Using a Förster resonance energy transfer‐fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy technique to detect protein–protein interactions in living plant cells, PopP2 was demonstrated to physically associate with ID#85 in the nucleus. However, unlike the known WRKY‐containing Arabidopsis RRS1‐R NLR receptor, GmNLR‐ID#85 could not be acetylated by PopP2 and failed to activate RPS4‐dependent immunity when introduced into the RRS1‐R immune receptor. The generated library of 78 plasmid clones, encompassing these screenable IDs, is publicly available through Addgene. This resource is expected to be valuable for the scientific community with respect to discovering targets for effectors and potentially engineering plant immune receptors.
Multiple myeloma presenting as blepharitis in a horse
Authors: Hayes Allison M. , Kastl Brandy , Perry Elizabeth , Moore A Russell , Springer Nora L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMyeloma‐related disorders, including multiple myeloma, extramedullary plasmacytoma, and solid osseous plasmacytoma, are rare in horses. Clinical complaints for myeloma‐related disorders are nonspecific, and when present, M‐protein location is more variable on protein electrophoresis in horses relative to dogs and cats. Here, we describe a case of a 15‐year‐old Thoroughbred mare who presented with recurrent blepharitis. Marked hyperglobulinemia was an incidental finding on routine hematologic and biochemical testing. Bone marrow aspiration consisted of >30% plasma cells, and serum protein electrophoresis demonstrated a monoclonal gammopathy in the alpha 2 fraction leading to a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Immunofixation and radial immunodiffusion confirmed the presence of an IgG M‐protein. Based on a restricted peak in the alpha 2 location, the specific M‐protein is suspected to be IgG(T), an IgG isotype unique to horses. M‐protein migration in horses is variable relative to dogs and cats, yet immunofixation can still be used to identify equine IgG M‐protein isotypes. The unique clinical presentation in this case also serves as a reminder to consider neoplasia in horses with unusual or nonspecific clinical signs.
Neuromuscular block: Monitoring, reversal, and residual blockade in small animals
Authors: Martin‐Flores Manuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents are used frequently during ophthalmic surgery of dogs and cats. Residual neuromuscular block (NMB)—impaired neuromuscular function at recovery from anesthesia—is a main concern when these agents are used in small animals. In humans, residual NMB reduces the ability to protect the airway (swallow and cough) and increases the incidence of hypoxia and upper airway collapse after recovery from anesthesia. In dogs, impaired neuromuscular function of the larynx can be detected even after common indicators of neuromuscular function suggest that recovery from NMB is complete. Objective monitoring of NMB is a simple, cost‐effective strategy to minimize the risk of residual NMB. This review summarizes relevant aspects of monitoring and reversal of NMB, and strategies to minimize the risk of residual NMB in clinical practice of small animals.
Prevalence of tick‐borne encephalitis virus in questing Ixodes ricinus nymphs in southern Scandinavia and the possible influence of meteorological factors
Authors: Lamsal Alaka , Edgar Kristin Skarsfjord , Jenkins Andrew , Renssen Hans , Kjær Lene Jung , Alfsnes Kristian , Bastakoti Srijana , Dieseth Malene , Klitgaard Kirstine , Lindstedt Heidi Elisabeth H. , Paulsen Katrine M. , Vikse Rose , Korslund Lars , Kjelland Vivian , Stuen Snorre , Kjellander Petter , Christensson Madeleine , Teräväinen Malin , Jensen Laura Mark , Regmi Manoj , Giri Dhiraj , Marsteen Leif , Bødker René , Soleng Arnulf , Andreassen Åshild Kristine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIxodes ricinus ticks are Scandinavia's main vector for tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), which infects many people annually. The aims of the present study were (i) to obtain information on the TBEV prevalence in host‐seeking I. ricinus collected within the Øresund‐Kattegat‐Skagerrak (ØKS) region, which lies in southern Norway, southern Sweden and Denmark; (ii) to analyse whether there are potential spatial patterns in the TBEV prevalence; and (iii) to understand the relationship between TBEV prevalence and meteorological factors in southern Scandinavia. Tick nymphs were collected in 2016, in southern Scandinavia, and screened for TBEV, using pools of 10 nymphs, with RT real‐time PCR, and positive samples were confirmed with pyrosequencing. Spatial autocorrelation and cluster analysis was performed with Global Moran's I and SatScan to test for spatial patterns and potential local clusters of the TBEV pool prevalence at each of the 50 sites. A climatic analysis was made to correlate parameters such as minimum, mean and maximum temperature, relative humidity and saturation deficit with TBEV pool prevalence. The climatic data were acquired from the nearest meteorological stations for 2015 and 2016. This study confirms the presence of TBEV in 12 out of 30 locations in Denmark, where six were from Jutland, three from Zealand and two from Bornholm and Falster counties. In total, five out of nine sites were positive from southern Sweden. TBEV prevalence of 0.7%, 0.5% and 0.5%, in nymphs, was found at three sites along the Oslofjord (two sites) and northern Skåne region (one site), indicating a potential concern for public health. We report an overall estimated TBEV prevalence of 0.1% in questing I. ricinus nymphs in southern Scandinavia with a region‐specific prevalence of 0.1% in Denmark, 0.2% in southern Sweden and 0.1% in southeastern Norway. No evidence of a spatial pattern or local clusters was found in the study region. We found a strong correlation between TBEV prevalence in ticks and relative humidity in Sweden and Norway, which might suggest that humidity has a role in maintaining TBEV prevalence in ticks. TBEV is an emerging tick‐borne pathogen in southern Scandinavia, and we recommend further studies to understand the TBEV transmission potential with changing climate in Scandinavia.
A note on the zeros of the derivatives of Hardy's function Z(t)$Z(t)$
Authors: Bui Hung M. , Hall Richard R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUsing the twisted fourth moment of the Riemann zeta‐function, we study large gaps between consecutive zeros of the derivatives of Hardy's function , improving upon previous results of Conrey and Ghosh (J. Lond. Math. Soc. 32 (1985) 193–202), and of the second named author (Acta Arith. 111 (2004) 125–140). We also exhibit small distances between the zeros of and the zeros of for every , in support of our numerical observation that the zeros of and , when k and ℓ have the same parity, seem to come in pairs that are very close to each other. The latter result is obtained using the mollified discrete second moment of the Riemann zeta‐function.