bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critique of Political Decolonization
Authors: Forjwuor Bernard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Critique of Political Decolonization is an antinormative and critical refutation of the decolonial accomplishment of political independence or self-determination in Ghana. It challenges what, in normative scholarship, has become a persistent conflation of two different concepts: political decolonization and political independence. Whereas political decolonization refers to the ontological/conceptual framework in which the political dismantling of the colonial is fully explicated, political independence is at best an ontic referent/representation of such decolonial political conditions, in which case colonial territorial dissolution constitutes only one such decolonial political manifestation. Both conceptually and etymologically, then, these concepts are distinct since an ontic referent cannot fully elaborate the ontological framework of which it is merely a part. Thus, the book draws our attention to the fact that political independence (the end of colonial territorial occupation) is insufficiently a decolonial claim because it is framed within the context of a country (such as Ghana as a non-settler colonial arrangement) where a permanent colonial settlement was never deemed necessary for the consolidation of future colonial political obligations/control. Political independence in Ghana, then, fails to rise to the level of an ontic referent of decolonization if colonialism includes the inevitability of colonial territorial dissolution. Thus, political independence, even if it is an important political act, is at best tautological or speculative given that the perpetuity of the colonial includes the accomplishment of the very act of political independence. So, while territorial dissolution was politically engineered by Ghanaians, the colonial merely reconstitutes itself in different legal and ideological forms.
Eratosthenes and the Measurement of the Earth's Circumference (c.230 BC)
Authors: Matthew Christopher A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the third century bc, Eratosthenes (then Chief Librarian of the Great Library of Alexandria) attempted to calculate the circumference of the Earth based upon the shadows cast by the pointers of sundials located in Alexandria and Syene at midday on the Summer Solstice, and based upon several other pieces of assumed knowledge from the time. The results of this experiment and calculation were given in a unit of measure called the stade. Debate over the accuracy of Eratosthenes’ calculation has been ongoing since he first conducted the experiment ca. 230 bc—in part by the difficulties in converting the size of Eratosthenes’ stade into a modern equivalent. This work engages with this long-running debate (one of the longest ongoing debates in the history of science) by applying innovative and multi-disciplinary methods such as linguistic analysis, mathematical modelling, satellite mapping, archaeological investigation, and historical examination to create the first ever combined exploration of this important event in the history of astronomy. The results of this examination demonstrate that that Eratosthenes was one of the first precise observers of celestial phenomena, and that he was able to calculate the size of our world to a very high level of accuracy.
Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived In Vitro Gametogenesis and Synthetic Embryos—It Is Never Too Early for an Ethical Debate
Authors: Horer Stefanie , Feichtinger Michael , Rosner Margit , Hengstschläger Markus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recently, 2 branches of the wide area of synthetic biology—in vitro gametogenesis and synthetic embryo development—have gained considerable attention. Rodent induced pluripotent stem cells derived via reprogramming of somatic cells can in vitro be differentiated into gametes to produce fertile offspring. And even synthetic embryos with organ progenitors were generated ex utero entirely from murine pluripotent stem cells. The use of these approaches in basic research, which is rightfully accompanied by an ethical discussion, will allow hitherto unattainable insights into the processes of the beginning of life. There is a broad international consensus that currently the application of these technologies in human-assisted reproduction must be considered to be unsafe and unethical. However, newspaper headlines also addressed the putatively resulting paradigm shift in human reproduction and thereby raised expectations in patients. Due to unsolved biological and technological obstacles, most scientists do not anticipate translation of any of these approaches into human reproductive medicine, if ever, for the next 10 years. Still, whereas the usage of synthetic embryos for reproductive purposes should be banned, in the context of in vitro-derived human gametes it is not too early to initiate the evaluation of the ethical implications, which could still remain assuming all technological hurdles can ever be cleared.
Efficacy of Rapid Rehabilitation Nursing in Postoperative Care in China
Authors: Wang Yuanling , Shen Qi , Wang Chao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Rapid rehabilitation nursing (RRN) has been increasingly adopted in China to improve patient outcomes following surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of RRN on hospital stays, postoperative complications, postoperative pain, patients’ quality of life (QOL), and patient satisfaction with nursing care compared to traditional nursing care.

Methods
A systematic search of relevant databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, was conducted to identify eligible studies. The standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for continuous outcomes (hospital stays, postoperative pain, and QOL). Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals were used for dichotomous outcomes (postoperative complications, patient satisfaction with nursing care). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I
2 statistic. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were calculated for each outcome measure.

Results
A total of 10 studies including 1,475 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Rapid rehabilitation nursing significantly reduced hospital stays and postoperative complications compared to traditional nursing care. Patients receiving RRN experienced lower postoperative pain scores and improved QOL, although the latter result was not statistically significant. Patient satisfaction with nursing care was significantly higher in the RRN group compared to traditional nursing care.

Conclusions
Rapid rehabilitation nursing appears to be an effective approach for shortening hospital stays, reducing postoperative complications and postoperative pain, and increasing patient satisfaction with nursing care compared to traditional nursing care. The findings support the integration of RRN into clinical practice to enhance patient outcomes and patients' satisfaction with nursing care. Future research should focus on further investigating the impact of RRN on patients’ QOL using larger, well-designed studies.
Do founder CEOs and overconfidence affect firm risk?
Authors: Sutrisno Paulina , Utama Sidharta , Hermawan Ancella Anitawati , Fatima Eliza 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
In the context of a two-tier governance system, this study aims to investigate whether CEO overconfidence affects firm risk. In addition, this study examines the moderating role of the founder CEO on CEO overconfidence and firm risk.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a composite score index of CEO overconfidence with a sample of nonfinancial firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2019. It tests the research hypothesis with multiple linear regression analysis.

Findings
The findings indicate that CEO overconfidence reduces firm risk. In contrast, the founder CEO does not affect the relationship between CEO overconfidence and firm risk.

Research limitations/implications
This study supports the upper echelon theory that argues that firms’ top management affects firms’ outcomes and behaviors.

Practical implications
The top management team heavily affects firms’ outcomes and behaviors in a two-tier governance system. Furthermore, firms’ selection policy of overconfident CEOs will be improved because these CEOs can diversify firm risks more effectively.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine the role of the founder in the relationship between CEO overconfidence and firm risk.
The structure of ICD‐11 post traumatic stress disorder in a clinical sample of refugees based on the International Trauma Interview
Authors: Vindbjerg Erik , Sandahl Hinuga , Mortensen Erik Lykke , Roberts Neil P. , Carlsson Jessica 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe ICD‐11 proposes fundamental changes to the PTSD diagnostic criteria, prompting thorough validation. While this is ideally carried out based on diagnostic interviews, most—and in the case of transcultural psychiatry all—studies have relied on self‐reported measures. In this study, we used the International Trauma Interview (ITI) to assess the factor structure of ICD‐11 PTSD symptoms in a sample of trauma‐affected refugees.MethodThe ITI was administered with a sample of refugees (n = 198), originating mainly from the Greater Middle East. The symptom ratings were subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), comparing the ICD‐11 concordant three‐factor model with alternative two‐ and one‐factor models.ResultsThe overall fit was adequate for both the two‐ and three‐factor models, but favored the two‐factor model. Results for both models indicated local misspecifications and that item 5, hypervigilance, displayed a suboptimal loading.ConclusionThe results generally support the use of the ITI in a severely trauma‐affected refugee population, albeit with particular attention needed in the administration of item 5. The superior fit of a two‐factor model warrants further testing across populations.
Heredity of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain in Sweden
Authors: Kristiansson Per , Zöller Bengt , Dahl Niklas , Kalliokoski Paul , Hallqvist Johan , Li Xinjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPelvic girdle pain during and after pregnancy is a major public health problem with significant daily problems for affected women and their families. There is now accumulating evidence that pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain originates from the sacroiliac joints and the pubic symphysis as well as their extra‐articular ligaments. However, the heritability of the disease remains to be determined. We hypothesized that there is an increased familial risk of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain.Material and methodsA population‐based national database linkage registry study of approximately 9.3 million individuals within 4.2 million families in Sweden with a recruitment period from 1997 to 2018. The Swedish Multi‐generation register was used to find female pairs of twins, full siblings, half‐siblings and first cousins where both in the pairs had a completed pregnancy. The outcome measure was diagnosis of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain (International Classification of Diseases‐10 O26.7 [1997–2018]) in the first pregnancy. Data was obtained from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register, the Swedish Outpatient Care Register, the Swedish Medical Birth Register, the Primary Healthcare Register, and Medical Treatment Register. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted estimated effect of the exposure variable familial history of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain on the outcome variable pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain at first birth.ResultsFrom the registers, 1 010 064 women pregnant with their first child within 795 654 families were collected. In total, 109 147 women were diagnosed with pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain. The adjusted hazard ratio for a familial risk of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain was 2.09 (95% CI 1.85–2.37) among twins (monozygotic and dizygotic), 1.78 (95% CI 1.74–1.82) in full siblings, 1.16 (95% CI 1.06–1.28) in half‐siblings from the mother, 1.09 (95% CI 1.024–1.16) in half‐siblings from the father and 1.09 (95% CI 1.07–1.12) in first cousins.ConclusionsThis nationwide observational study showed a familial clustering of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain. The hazard ratio for the condition was associated with the degree of relatedness, suggesting that heredity factors contribute to the development of pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain. There is no causal treatment available for pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain and further studies are now encouraged to clarify the specific genetic factors that contribute to the disease and for future targeted interventions.
Paradox explored: Climate shame, moral agency, the church, and the birds
Authors: Moe‐Lobeda Cynthia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article explores shame and moral agency in relationship to the climate catastrophe, and the moral situation of the world's relatively high‐consuming people who are implicated in greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change. The author complexifies that situation in the conundrums of climate colonialism, climate racism, structural sin, and the moral ambiguities they raise, including such questions as: “What are the moral demands of climate sin grounded in historically rooted economic systems that one did not create but upon which the material conditions of one's life depend? To what extent, if any, is the individual morally accountable for the social structures of which one is a part and from which one benefits?” From there, the essay moves to its central question. It is whether shame theory might help to enable moral agency for what is desperately needed now by people of climate privilege and economic privilege in the North Atlantic world—wise and courageous action to address climate change and climate injustice. The article probes shame theory for clues to what disables moral agency and what catalyzes it. The author finds in shame theory pathways for transforming shame‐based moral inertia into moral agency. Those pathways suggest vital roles for the church.
Drift in the tropics: Phylogenetics and biogeographical patterns in Combretaceae
Authors: Maurin Olivier , Anest Artemis , Forest Félix , Turner Ian , Barrett Russell L. , Cowan Robyn C. , Wang Lijia , Tomlinson Kyle W. , Charles‐Dominique Tristan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to further advance our understanding of the species‐rich, and ecologically important angiosperm family Combretaceae to provide new insights into their evolutionary history. We assessed phylogenetic relationships in the family using target capture data and produced a dated phylogenetic tree to assess fruit dispersal modes and patterns of distribution.LocationTropical and subtropical regions.Time PeriodCretaceous to present.Major Taxa StudiedFamily Combretaceae is a member of the rosid clade and comprises 10 genera and more than 500 species, predominantly assigned to genera Combretum and Terminalia, and occurring on all continents and in a wide range of ecosystems.MethodsWe use a target capture approach and the Angiosperms353 universal probes to reconstruct a robust dated phylogenetic tree for the family. This phylogenetic framework, combined with seed dispersal traits, biome data and biogeographic ranges, allows the reconstruction of the biogeographical history of the group.ResultsAncestral range reconstructions suggest a Gondwanan origin (Africa/South America), with several intercontinental dispersals within the family and few transitions between biomes. Relative abundance of fruit dispersal types differed by both continent and biome. However, intercontinental colonizations were only significantly enhanced by water dispersal (drift fruit), and there was no evidence that seed dispersal modes influenced biome shifts.Main ConclusionsOur analysis reveals a paradox as drift fruit greatly enhanced dispersal distances at intercontinental scale but did not affect the strong biome conservatism observed.
The nilcatenation problem and its application for detecting money laundering activities in cryptocurrency networks
Authors: Tomacheski Clynton , Milanés Anolan , Urrutia Sebastián 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work considers a combinatorial optimization problem in graphs, the nilcatenation problem, and investigates its potential application for detecting money laundering activities in cryptocurrency networks. The nilcatenation problem consists of finding a set of arcs that can be removed from an arc‐weighted directed graph without changing the balance of any vertex. The balance of a vertex is defined as the difference between the sum of the weights of outgoing and incoming arcs. We propose a 0/1 integer linear programming formulation and a local branching algorithm. The approaches are computationally evaluated and compared using three sets of test instances, two of them generated from Bitcoin's testnet and mainnet networks. An experiment on the testnet showed that it is possible to retrieve a nilcatenation artificially introduced with fake bitcoin transactions. Experiments on the mainnet showed that it is possible to find large nilcatenations, possibly indicating money laundering activities.
Optimization of the synthesis process of β‐galactosidase/carboxymethylchitosan‐silica biocatalyst powders, stabilized with lyoprotectants for potential dietary applications
Authors: Franco Yuly Nataly , Tobón Ana Cecilia , Mesa Monica 
Published: July 2023

Abstractβ‐galactosidase dosing and transport powders offer benefits for people with specific digestive deficiencies. They can be produced by immobilization in solid materials by sol–gel methods. The challenge is to maintain enzyme activity under processing conditions. The objective here is to design and optimize the calcium chloride and carboxymethylchitosan concentrations at 25°C and 7.3 pH for preparing active β‐galactosidase powders. This optimization was performed using a Response Surface Methodology with Central Composite Design, selecting lyoprotectants for preserving activity during the lyophilization. Glucose, galactose, maltose, sucrose, and β‐cyclodextrin lyoprotectants were assayed in different weight proportions. The optimal conditions to obtain a biocatalyst with maximum expressed activity were 473 mM CaCl2 and 402 ppm carboxymethylchitosan, obtaining a biocatalyst with 57.8% ± .7% recovered activity and 92.3% ± 2.1% immobilization yield. The galactose, maltose, and sucrose in a 1:5 ratio increased 1.2 times the expressed activity of this biocatalyst, protecting the active site during lyophilization due to favorable interactions with the enzyme as shown by docking analysis.Practical applicationsThis work shows the implementation of production methodologies of mixed enzyme‐mineral biocatalysts, based on the experimental, statistical, and docking studies of β‐galactosidase interactions with mono‐, di‐ and polysaccharides under ionic and thermal stress. The obtained powders could be candidates as dietary supplements of calcium, silicon minerals, and β‐galactosidase.
Empathic nurses with sufficient job resources are work‐engaged professionals who deliver more individualized care
Authors: Scheepers R. A. , Vollmann M. , Cramm J. M. , Nieboer A. P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsThis study examined whether nurse work engagement mediated the associations of job resources (collegial support and autonomy) and a personal resource (empathy) with individualized care delivery, in both hospital and long‐term care settings. We also explored potential setting‐specific differences in how strongly the resources were associated with work engagement and individualized care delivery among nurses.DesignWe conducted a cross‐sectional study in three hospitals and two long‐term care facilities.MethodsIn total, 454 nurses completed a web‐based survey including validated measures on resources (collegial support, autonomy, empathy), work engagement and individualized care delivery. Data were analysed using mediation and moderated mediation analyses.ResultsIn both settings, all resources were indirectly associated with individualized care delivery via work engagement. Empathy was also directly associated with individualized care delivery, and a stronger association was found in the long‐term care setting than in the hospital setting.ConclusionThe present study showed work engagement to mediate the associations of job resources and empathy with individualized care delivery in both hospital and long‐term care settings. Individualized care delivery was furthermore directly facilitated by high levels of empathy, especially among nurses working in long‐term care settings.Implications for the profession and/or patient carePatients may benefit from better individualized care delivery by empathic nurses who are more work‐engaged in the face of sufficient job resources in their practice environment.ImpactNurses are better able to deliver individualized care when provided with sufficient job resources (collegial support and autonomy) that support their being work‐engaged professionals. Furthermore, empathic nurses also reported being able to better support patient individuality. These findings can be translated to policies of hospitals and long‐term care facilities, to optimize job resources and enhance empathy and thus facilitate the support of patient individuality by nurses.Reporting methodThis study adhered to the STROBE guidelines.Patient or public contributionNurses were involved in the design and data collection of the study.
Severe eczema in Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome‐related disorder successfully treated with dupilumab
Authors: Alzahrani Fatmah , Miller Holly K. , Sacco Keith , Dupuy Elizabeth 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTreatment of severe eczema in patients with primary immunodeficiencies can be particularly challenging as there are no guidelines with regards to these conditions. Dupilumab is an interleukin (IL)‐4Rα antagonist that inhibits both IL‐4 and IL‐13 and is approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in pediatric patients. In this report, we describe a patient with a case of severe eczema in the context of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome‐related disorder, who was successfully treated with dupilumab.