bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ozonated Oil as a Desensitizing Protocol in External Dental Bleaching: A Clinical, Randomized and Double-Blind Study
Authors: Wiggers Iara Fretta , Mendonça Márcio José , Vanolli Rafael , Campos Francisco , Ueda Julio Katuhide , Colognese Maria Ritha Veiga , Camilotti Veridiana 
Published: May 2023

Aims: This research aimed to evaluate the action of ozonized oil associated with an obliterating desensitizing agent in reducing post-dental bleaching sensitivity.
Study Design: This was a randomized, prospective, double-blind, split-mouth study, in which the patient and evaluator were blinded to the distribution of the groups.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Dentistry Clinics of the Local University from June to December 2021.
Methodology: Forty patients were selected and divided into two groups according to the desensitizing agent used: control group (GC) - potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride and treatment group (GT) - sunflower oil ozonized and glutaraldehyde. In-office bleaching was performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide in a single clinical session. The following variables were evaluated: I – the intensity of sensitivity at different times in the same group; II – the intensity of sensitivity at different times in different groups; III- global sensitivity; IV - worse pain and V - color change, which was evaluated at the beginning of treatment and one week after the end of the treatment with the help of a VITA color scale. The risk analysis of tooth sensitivity of both groups was compared using McNemar's exact test. To analyze the intensity of tooth sensitivity, the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests were used, P < 0,05.
Results: The study revealed that there were significant differences in the risk and degree of tooth sensitivity between the test and control groups. Out of the total participants, 14 did not experience sensitivity, while 66 did. The test group exhibited lower pain scores at 35 and 40 minutes compared to the control group. In the intragroup analysis, significant differences were found within both the test and control groups across multiple time intervals. The analysis of global sensitivity showed significant differences between the treatment approaches, with the group receiving the specific treatment demonstrating lower sensitivity values compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences in the worst pain between the treatment approaches. Regarding bleaching effectiveness, there were no statistically significant differences between the test and control groups. The comparison did not show a significant variation in bleaching effectiveness.
Conclusion: The protocol showed promising results as a less invasive and discomfort-free method. However, the study was limited to using only one bleaching agent, and further research with different bleaching agents could provide additional insights.
Re-irradiation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma – A Single Institute Experience
Authors: Pruthi Deep Shankar , Nagpal Puneet , Singh Babita , Yadav Ashu , Pandey Manish , Singh Harpreet 
Published: May 2023

Background: In head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), residual disease, loco regional recurrence or development of second primary are causes of treatment failure. A combination of either surgery or chemotherapy or radiotherapy is used. The aim of this study was to evaluate recurrent/ relapsed HNSCC who were treated with re-irradiation, its toxicities and survival analysis.
Materials and Methods: 72 patients were analysed retrospectively who had undergone re-irradiation at our institute. All patients were histologically proven cases of recurrent/relapsed HNSCC. Treatment was done using conformal radiotherapy techniques like IMRT or IGRT technique.
Results: Patients who had recurrent disease and second primary were 38 (52.8%) and 34 (47.2%) respectively. The time interval between radiotherapy treatments ranged from 7 months to 25 years. Salvage surgery preceded radiotherapy in 16 (22.2%) patients and 56 patients (78.8%) underwent radical radiotherapy. The PTV volume ranged from 15.6 to 672.2 cc (median: 117 cc) and median dose was 54Gy. Mucositis and skin reactions were associated in patients with larger PTV volumes and lower time interval between the radiation treatments. The median DFS and OS was 13 months and 29 months respectively. OS at 1 year and 2 years was 58.3% and 36.1%. Patients who received radiation dose of >54Gy and who had >24 months interval between the radiation treatments fared better.
Conclusions: Treatment approaches have to be personalized in cases of recurrent HNSCC. For re-irradiation in HNSCC we found better outcomes when there is adequate time period (> 24 months) between the radiation treatments and with dose > 54Gy.
Demographic, Clinical and Radiological Findings among Patients with CTU Detected Urolithiasis in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Wekhe Chidinma , Akagbue Vivian Ndidi , Amadi Mary-Jane Orevaoghene 
Published: May 2023

Background: Computed tomography urography (CTU) is the current radiological imaging modality for the evaluation of the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder pathologies. CTU has largely replaced intravenous urography in centers that has computed tomogram machines.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the common location of urolithiasis in the urinary tract and correlate it with age, sex, stone size and Hounsfield unit (HU) using CT scan in the Radiology department of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital.
Methods: A retrospective study with descriptive study design was employed. A total of 140 patient’s data were used. A P-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: One-hundred and forty patients were studied over a 24 months period. The median age was 43.50 years. The prevalence of stones (n=47, 33.6%) and age range with the highest prevalence is 41-50 years. The male: female was 1.8:1. Renal stones are commonly found in the inferior pole. Vesicoureteric junction stones were more prevalent in females. There was significant association between age and sex. (P=0.005).
Conclusion: Urolithiasis is commonly seen in males. The location of calculi in the urinary tract is in the kidney, pelviureteric junction (PUJ), vesicoureteric junction (VUJ), ureters and the urinary bladder in a downhill order correspondingly. The inferior pole is the most prevalent site for renal stones and VUJ stones are more frequent in females while other locations are seen more in males. Interestingly, age and sex showed significant association.
Factors Related to the Achievement of Service Commitment-based Capitation Indicators at Community Health Centers in Aceh Province
Authors: Yusliana  
Published: May 2023

The increasing trend of health care costs has prompted the government to seek financing alternatives that can streamline funds without reducing the quality of services. One such system is the implementation of the commitment-based capitation consequence where the puskesmas is paid based on the number of registered participants who are responsible for its effectiveness monitoring by looking at the tendency of contact numbers (≥1500/00), prolanis ratio (≥50%), and non-specialist case referral ratio (<0.5%), so it is expected that moral hazard from the supply side can be prevented or minimized. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the implementation of Capitation Based on Service Commitment.
This research was conducted in Propinsi Aceh area with Puskesmas as analysis unit, with sequential model mixed method (quan à QUAL), qualitative data was taken by indeph interview method to key informant related to validate data which can not be validated by quantitative method.
The results of two year implementation significantly increased the average contact rate in 2020 by 192.6 0/00 (target ≥150 0/00), and the average prolanis ratio of 44.9% (≥50%), and lowering the average non-specialist case referral ratio to 0.3% (target <5%). From multivariate analysis, variables modeling related to achievement of service commitment indicator were capitation value, human resources (adequacy of doctor, nurse, midwife, pharmacy) are significant influence dominanly to achievement indicator of service commitment (p value <0.05).
mplementation of capitation compensation is positive enough to give an effect for all puskesmas efforts to achieve the indicator of service commitment, on the other side of the indication of moral hazard, so monitoring and evaluation is needed to create the quality service.
Four Birds with One Stone: A Multifunctional Polypeptide Nanocomposite to Unify Ferroptosis, Nitric Oxide, and Photothermia for Amplifying Antitumor Immunity
Authors: He Meng , Song Yingying , Xu Wei , Zhang Xueliang , Dong Chang‐Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTumor metastasis and relapse mainly results in therapy failure and becomes a big challenge in oncology. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumors mediated immunotherapy (IT) is attracting widely for solving that problem although achieving sufficient ICD and strong immune response is challenging for nanoparticles‐based cancer IT. Herein, a multifunctional polypeptide coordinate nanocomposite that possesses near infrared photothermia (PT) and responsive releases of nitric oxide (NO) and iron ions is constructed, which synergistically kills cancer cells and highly prohibits metastatic 4T1 cells invasion and migration by PT‐boosted NO release and ferroptosis (FT). Remarkably, triple FT‐NO‐PT treatment amplifies the ICD effects and outperforms combo/monotherapy FT‐PT and FT in cancer cells and tumors, which further activates dendritic cells maturation, and primed CD4+T and CD8+T cells immune responses and memory effects, playing four birds with one stone (i.e., FT‐NO‐PT‐IT). The PCSFG‐based FT‐NO‐PT not only fully eradicates 4T1 primary tumors, but also induces strong ICD, immune priming, and memory effects to reject rechallenged 4T1 tumors and inhibit malignant tumor metastasis, demonstrating synergistic amplified ICD effects with strong cell immunities and memory effects by a unified FT‐NO‐PT‐IT.
AIE‐Active Glycomimetics Triggered Bacterial Agglutination and Membrane‐Intercalating toward Efficient Photodynamic Antiseptic
Authors: Guo Qiaoni , Xue Shaobo , Feng Jianguo , Peng Chen , Zhou Chengcheng , Qiao Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOpportunistic infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) are particularly difficult to treat due to the altered membrane permeability and inherent resistance to conventional antibiotics. Here, a cationic glycomimetics is designed and synthesized with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics namely TPyGal, which self‐assembles into the spherical aggregates with galactosylated surface. TPyGal aggregates can effectively cluster P. aeruginosa through multivalent carbohydrate‐lectin interactions and auxiliary electrostatic interactions and subsequently trigger membrane‐intercalating, which results in efficient photodynamic eradication of P. aeruginosa under white light irradiation by in situ singlet oxygen (1O2) burst to disrupt bacterial membrane. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that TPyGal aggregates promote the healing of infected wounds, indicating the potential for clinical treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
Specific Clearance of Lipopolysaccharide from Blood Based on Peptide Bottlebrush Polymer for Sepsis Therapy
Authors: Shi Zhenqiang , Zhang Xiancheng , Yang Xijing , Zhang Xiaoyu , Ma Fei , Gan Hui , Chen Junjun , Wang Dongdong , Sun Wenjing , Wang Jingxia , Wang Cunli , Lyu Liting , Yang Kaiguang , Deng Lijing , Qing Guangyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the primary bacterial toxin that is vital to the pathogenesis and progression of sepsis associated with extremely high morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, specific clearance of LPS from circulating blood is highly challenging because of the structural complexity and its variation between/within bacterial species. Herein, a robust strategy based on phage display screening and hemocompatible peptide bottlebrush polymer design for specific clearance of targeted LPS from circulating blood is proposed. Using LPS extracted from Escherichia coli as an example, a novel peptide (HWKAVNWLKPWT) with high affinity (KD < 1.0 nм), specificity, and neutralization activity (95.9 ± 0.1%) against the targeted LPS is discovered via iterative affinity selection coupled with endotoxin detoxification screening. A hemocompatible bottlebrush polymer bearing the short peptide [poly(PEGMEA‐co‐PEP‐1)] exhibits high LPS selectivity to reduce circulating LPS level from 2.63 ± 0.01 to 0.78 ± 0.05 EU mL−1 in sepsis rabbits via extracorporeal hemoperfusion (LPS clearance ratio > 70%), reversing the LPS‐induced leukocytopenia and multiple organ damages significantly. This work provides a universal paradigm for developing a highly selective hemoadsorbent library fully covering the LPS family, which is promising to create a new era of precision medicine in sepsis therapy.
Guided Wrinkling of Hierarchically Structured Nanoporous Gold Films for Improved Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Performance
Authors: Kim Sung Hyun , Jeon Sangheon , Yoo Dayoung , Zhang Mao , Park Wonjung , Kang Yeojin , Choi Changsoon , Hong Suck Won , Lee Dongyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlasmonic nanostructured metals have many advantages for applications in high‐performance surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. In particular, unique designing nanostructures with bicontinuous ligaments surrounded by cylindrical voids with tunable dense pores from a few to hundreds of nanometers can be utilized for the high‐performance SERS‐active substrate. Here, a fabrication strategy is reported to prepare hierarchically arranged micro/nanostructures of wrinkled nanoporous gold (WNPG) films, which involves laminating of the dealloyed Au film on the heat‐shrinkable shape‐memory polymer film and geometrical modulation of the substrate. As a result, the various types of WNPG films are crafted with a remarkable density of cracks in the structured surface area. Specifically, the WNPG films consisting of multilayered overlapping features are explored and used as the SERS‐active substrate. This dual porosity coupled with localized surface plasmon resonance estimated by numerical simulation in a suitable model of bicontinuous ligaments is found to be the core mechanism for the enhancement of SERS sensitivity, which quantitatively characterizes the “hot spots” from the surface to interlayers. These suggested characteristic features are fully assessed by applying a series of dye molecules and DNA strands on the prepared SERS substrate, demonstrating the enhanced intensity of the Raman scattering signals on the optimized WNPG surface.
Half‐Integer Topological Charge Polarization of Quasi‐Dirac Bound States in the Continuum
Authors: De Tommasi Edoardo , Romano Silvia , Mocella Vito , Sgrignuoli Fabrizio , Lanzio Vittorino , Cabrini Stefano , Zito Gianluigi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe non‐trivial polarization topology of bound states in the continuum (BICs) provides new strategies in nanophotonics. The polarization topology depends on the geometric parameters and energy‐momentum dispersion of the system and can be engineered to add specific functionalities for light molding. Herein, such a possibility is investigated by studying the topology of the polarization states associated with the optical field radiated by BICs when Dirac‐cone‐degeneracy is lifted. The opening of a pseudogap in the Dirac cone dispersion of square‐lattice dielectric photonic crystal slabs is achieved by tuning the slab thickness. First, the emergence of half‐integer topological charges without the requirement of BIC annihilation is theoretically shown, which instead occurs when in‐plane inversion symmetry is broken. Then, using spin‐to‐orbital angular momentum conversion, the theory of half‐integer topological charges mediated by BICs is demonstrated and experimentally proved. The same device is able to give rise to vortices with different orbital angular momentum depending on the way it is illuminated, thus improving the potential of optical multiplexing. In addition, the additive character of the topology‐induced phase‐vortex generation is finally demonstrated for both integer and half‐integer charges using also vortex states as input beams, which is of relevance for information delivery.
Smoking‐Induced M2‐TAMs, via circEML4 in EVs, Promote the Progression of NSCLC through ALKBH5‐Regulated m6A Modification of SOCS2 in NSCLC Cells
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Wang Peiwen , Yang Yi , Du Xuan , Xia Haibo , Liu Jinyuan , Lu Lu , Wu Hao , Liu Qizhan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLung cancer is a commonly diagnosed disease worldwide, with non‐small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) accounting for ≈ 85% of cases. Cigarette smoke is an environmental exposure promoting progression of NSCLC, but its role is poorly understood. This study reports that smoking‐induced accumulation of M2‐type tumor‐associated macrophages (M2‐TAMs) surrounding NSCLC tissues promotes malignancy. Specifically, extracellular vesicles (EVs) from cigarette smoke extract (CSE)‐induced M2 macrophages promoted malignancy of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. circEML4 in EVs from CSE‐induced M2 macrophages is transported to NSCLC cells, where it reduced the distribution of ALKBH5 in the nucleus by interacting with Human AlkB homolog H5 (ALKBH5), resulting in elevated N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modifications. m6A‐seq and RNA‐seq revealed suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2)‐mediated activation of the Janus kinase‐signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK‐STAT) pathway by regulating m6A modification of SOCS2 via ALKBH5. Down‐regulation of circEML4 in EVs from CSE‐induced M2 macrophages reversed EVs‐enhanced tumorigenicity and metastasis in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, this study found that smoking patients showed an increase in circEML4‐positive M2‐TAMs. These results indicate that smoking‐induced M2‐TAMs via circEML4 in EVs promote the NSCLC progression through ALKBH5‐regulated m6A modification of SOCS2. This study also reveals that circEML4 in EVs from TAMs acts as a diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC, especially for patients with smoking history.
Large Area Flexible Thin Layer Terahertz Detector
Authors: Song Qi , Zhou Yu , Wang Yifei , Gao Feilong , Wang Jiatong , Zhang Min , Wang Yiran , Zhang Bingyuan , Yan Peiguang , Dong Bo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the low photon energy in the relevant frequency band, fewer materials can directly excite carriers, and an extreme lack of high‐performance, large‐area detectors, limit the promotion, and development of 6G technology. In addition, flexible detectors with the integration of 6G communication and Internet of Things technology has good prospects for application in the development of optoelectronic devices, which are also urgently needed. A large‐area flexible thin layer terahertz detector is designed that combines the advantages of excellent optoelectronic performance in the detection of electromagnetic waves with low photon energy and the localized surface plasmon (LSP) effect in a sub‐wavelength structure detector. Due to the large effective area, the spiral electrode device demonstrates the best performance at room temperature. The noise equivalent power (NEP) and photoresponsivity (RV) are achieved with 0.4 pW Hz−1/2 and 154 MV W−1 at 0.28 THz. In addition, the bending experiments show that the device has extreme advantages for flexible 6G detector applications.
Crop disease identification segmentation algorithm based on Mask‐RCNN
Authors: Bondre Shweta , Patil Dipti 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLeaf diseases include various diseases like abscission, gummosis, Alternaria solani, vesicatoria, and Pucciniales. Farmers from all around the world are constantly concerned about the health of various plants. Our proposed technology identifies various leaf diseases at an early stage, alerting farmers and allowing them to take necessary control measures. The collection contains 25,362 photos of normal leaves, bacterial spot, rust, early blight, and other disease‐infected leaves in Solanum tuberosum, Solanum lycopersicum, Malus, Zea mays, and Piper nigrum. In this study, a transfer learning ResNet 50 algorithm and a mask regional convolutional neural network are used to segment leaf diseases. An improved faster mask regional‐convolutional neural network (IFMR‐CNN) method is proposed to find the affected areas in the plant. The experiment first gathers photos of leaf disease for preprocessing, then utilizes a VGG annotator to create labels for the data sets, which are split into a test set and training set. The proposed IFMR‐CNN approach is capable of localizing and classifying the disease with 96% accuracy. Accuracy is calculated based on the proportion of properly identified leaf samples in a dataset out of all the leaf samples. Accuracy of disease localization in plant leaves can be measured by the percentage of correctly identified regions of interest in the leaf image that contain the disease symptoms.
Electromagnetic Radiation of Accelerated Charged Particle in the Framework of a Semiclassical Approach
Authors: Adorno Tiago C. , Breev Alexander I. , Farias Antonio J. D. , Gitman Dmitri M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe problem of the electromagnetic radiation produced by charge distributions in the framework of a semiclassical approach proposed in the work by Bagrov, Gitman, Shishmarev, and Farias Jr. [J. Synchrotron Rad. 27, 902–911 (2020)] is addressed here. In this approach, currents, generating the radiation are considered classically, while the quantum nature of the radiation is kept exactly. Quantum states of the electromagnetic field are solutions of Schrödinger's equation, and relevant quantities to the problem are evaluated with the aid of transition probabilities. This construction allows us to introduce the quantum transition time in physical quantities and assess its role in radiation problems by classical currents. Radiated electromagnetic energies are studied in detail and a definition for the rate at which radiation is emitted from sources is presented. In calculating the total energy and rate radiated by a pointlike charged particle accelerated by a constant and uniform electric field, it is discovered that these results are compatible with results obtained by other authors in the framework of the classical radiation theory under an appropriate limit. Numerical and asymptotic analyses of the results are also performed.
Development of Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of [15N3]Metronidazole: A Clinically Approved Antibiotic
Authors: Guarin David O. , Joshi Sameer M. , Samoilenko Anna , Kabir Mohammad S. H. , Hardy Erin E. , Takahashi Atsush M. , Ardenkjaer‐Larsen Jan H. , Chekmenev Eduard Y. , Yen Yi‐Fen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (d‐DNP) of [15N3]metronidazole ([15N3]MNZ) for the first time. Metronidazole is a clinically approved antibiotic, which can be potentially employed as a hypoxia‐sensing molecular probe using 15N hyperpolarized (HP) nucleus. The DNP process is very efficient for [15N3]MNZ with an exponential build‐up constant of 13.8 min using trityl radical. After dissolution and sample transfer to a nearby 4.7 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner, HP [15N3]MNZ lasted remarkably long with T1 values up to 343 s and 15N polarizations up to 6.4 %. A time series of HP [15N3]MNZ images was acquired in vitro using a steady state free precession sequence on the 15NO2 peak. The signal lasted over 13 min with notably long T2 of 20.5 s. HP [15N3]MNZ was injected in the tail vein of a healthy rat, and dynamic spectroscopy was performed over the rat brain. The in vivo HP 15N signals persisted over 70 s, demonstrating an unprecedented opportunity for in vivo studies.