bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GlycoDraw: a python implementation for generating high-quality glycan figures
Authors: Lundstrøm Jon , Urban James , Thomès Luc , Bojar Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Glycans are essential to all scales of biology, with their intricate structures being crucial for their biological functions. The structural complexity of glycans is communicated through simplified and unified visual representations according to the Symbol Nomenclature for Glycans (SNFGs) guidelines adopted by the community. Here, we introduce GlycoDraw, a Python-native implementation for high-throughput generation of high-quality, SNFG-compliant glycan figures with flexible display options. GlycoDraw is released as part of our glycan analysis ecosystem, glycowork, facilitating integration into existing workflows by enabling fully automated annotation of glycan-related figures and thus assisting the analysis of e.g. differential abundance data or glycomics mass spectra.
AAV9-mediated SMN gene therapy rescues cardiac desmin but not lamin A/C and elastin dysregulation in Smn
2B/− spinal muscular atrophy mice
Authors: Brown Sharon J , Šoltić Darija , Synowsky Silvia A , Shirran Sally L , Chilcott Ellie , Shorrock Hannah K , Gillingwater Thomas H , Yáñez-Muñoz Rafael J , Schneider Bernard , Bowerman Melissa , Fuller Heidi R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Structural, functional and molecular cardiac defects have been reported in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients and mouse models. Previous quantitative proteomics analyses demonstrated widespread molecular defects in the severe Taiwanese SMA mouse model. Whether such changes are conserved across different mouse models, including less severe forms of the disease, has yet to be established. Here, using the same high-resolution proteomics approach in the less-severe Smn2B/− SMA mouse model, 277 proteins were found to be differentially abundant at a symptomatic timepoint (post-natal day (P) 18), 50 of which were similarly dysregulated in severe Taiwanese SMA mice. Bioinformatics analysis linked many of the differentially abundant proteins to cardiovascular development and function, with intermediate filaments highlighted as an enriched cellular compartment in both datasets. Lamin A/C was increased in the cardiac tissue, whereas another intermediate filament protein, desmin, was reduced. The extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, elastin, was also robustly decreased in the heart of Smn2B/− mice. AAV9-SMN1-mediated gene therapy rectified low levels of survival motor neuron protein and restored desmin levels in heart tissues of Smn2B/− mice. In contrast, AAV9-SMN1 therapy failed to correct lamin A/C or elastin levels. Intermediate filament proteins and the ECM have key roles in cardiac function and their dysregulation may explain cardiac impairment in SMA, especially since mutations in genes encoding these proteins cause other diseases with cardiac aberration. Cardiac pathology may need to be considered in the long-term care of SMA patients, as it is unclear whether currently available treatments can fully rescue peripheral pathology in SMA.
The Psychology of Poverty: A Replication Based on Zimbabwe's Harmonised Social Cash Transfer Programme
Authors: Ibrahim Marwa , Chen Yunwei , Pereira Audrey , Musa Takondwa , Bathia Dharini , Handa Sudhanshu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We perform a scientific replication of a recent paper in this journal that reports evidence from Malawi that an unconditional cash transfer programme affects psychological states, such as life satisfaction and subjective well-being, as well as economic decisions involving intertemporal choice. Using data from Zimbabwe, we find similar results. Together, these two studies are the first from outside a laboratory setting that support the idea that poverty can have psychological effects that in turn influence intertemporal choice in a way that perpetuates poverty. These results, if found to hold in diverse settings, open up the policy space for a broader range of interventions that could reduce the number of people living in poverty. As this is a relatively new idea in economics with important policy implications, replicating these results in other settings is important before they can be widely generalised.
A comprehensive assessment of redox balance in small for gestational age newborns and their mothers
Authors: Senat Almila , Tas Emre Erdem , Eroglu Hasan , Bal Ceylan , Yavuz Ayse Filiz , Yucel Aykan , Erel Ozcan , Ersoz Arzu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess oxidative stress in small for gestational age (SGA) newborns and their mothers by evaluating intra- and extracellular thiol homeostasis and the quantification of major oxidants and antioxidants.

Methods
A total of 75 mothers and their 75 newborns (43 SGA) were enrolled in this study. Thiol-disulfide homeostasis, serum myeloperoxidase, catalase, total oxidant, and antioxidant status were analyzed. Additionally, erythrocytic glutathione (GSH) homeostasis was measured.

Results
Although native and total thiol levels were decreased, disulfide levels were increased in SGA groups. Additionally, myeloperoxidase activity and total oxidant status levels were significantly elevated whereas total antioxidant status levels and enzymatic antioxidant systems were diminished in SGA groups. Similarly, intra-erythrocytic GSH homeostasis was shifted in favor of oxidants in SGA groups.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that insufficient antioxidant systems in mothers and a robust source of oxidative stress in SGA might contribute to the pathophysiology of SGA births.
Listening for What Matters
Authors: Weiner, MD Saul J. , Schwartz, PhD Alan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Listening for What Matters: Avoiding Contextual Errors in Health Care, 2nd edition (LFWM2) provides a comprehensive overview of research and quality improvement efforts to address the problem of inattention to patient life context during clinical encounters that undermine effective care. Such “contextual errors” occur when patient care plans that are otherwise consistent with research evidence for managing a particular clinical condition are, nevertheless, inappropriate for a particular individual based on their life situation, or patient context. Prescribing a medication a patient can’t afford and proposing a treatment plan they don’t have the skills or resources to follow when alternative options are available are examples of contextual error. Identifying contextual errors requires listening in on visits, by employing either unannounced standardized patients (undercover actors) or real patients who volunteer to audio-record encounters. LFWM2 synthesizes nearly two decades of published research employing these unconventional methods to demonstrate how they yield critical and otherwise inaccessible information about physician performance at contextualizing care, including its implication for patients’ health-care outcomes and unnecessary care. The authors also describe studies testing clinical decision support tools in the electronic medical record, medical student and resident trainee educational interventions, and an audio recording–based quality improvement program within the Department of Veterans Affairs to prevent contextual errors. They argue that, ultimately, a greater recognition among payers and the general public of the implications of contextual errors on quality of care and costs is essential to the widespread adoption of methods for identifying and preventing contextual errors.
Americaâs New Vaccine Wars
Authors: Navin Mark C. , Attwell Katie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis book illustrates the significance of recent efforts to abolish nonmedical exemptions to childhood vaccine mandates. These legislative changes replace pro-vaccine persuasion with an ultimatum: Either vaccinate your children or they cannot attend school or daycare. The book explores the ethics and politics of this new kind of public health coercion. It examines the history of immunization, vaccine mandates, and conflicts about public health policies. It also analyzes California’s efforts to exclude unvaccinated children from school and daycare following the Disneyland measles outbreak of 2014. The book uses original interviews with key California policymakers and activists to explain the development and execution of that state’s new vaccination policies and to illuminate similar immunization policy developments elsewhere. This book is a story about how political and community actors fought to exclude unvaccinated children from school in the face of significant opposition and failing public health institutions. It unpacks the meaning and impact of these efforts for broader debates about immunization governance throughout America and the world, including conflicts about coercive public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A multicentre, large-scale, observational study of tocilizumab in patients with giant cell arteritis in Japan
Authors: Harigai Masayoshi , Miyamae Takako , Hashimoto Hideyuki , Umetsu Kosei , Yamashita Katsuhisa , Nakaoka Yoshikazu 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
In clinical trials, tocilizumab (TCZ) is efficacious in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA). This study evaluated the real-world tolerability and effectiveness of TCZ in Japanese patients with GCA.

Methods
In this multicentre, prospective, Phase 4, large-scale, observational study, patients with GCA (with no TCZ treatment 6 months before the study) were recruited from 71 centres across Japan. Patients received subcutaneous TCZ 162 mg weekly (observation period, 52 weeks).

Results
Of the 117 patients [female, 70.1%; mean age, 74.2 years; mean disease duration, 1.4 years; treated for new-onset GCA, 71.8%; presence of large-vessel lesions (LVLs), 61.5%; previous immunosuppressant use, 28.2%; glucocorticoids at baseline, 95.7% (mean: 22.4 mg/day)], 38.5% reported adverse events. The most common adverse events of special interest were neutropaenia and leukopaenia (7.7%), followed by serious infection (6.0%). The relapse-free proportion was 85.0%; relapse after remission, 6.0%; and no remission, 9.0%. At the last observation, 94.2% of relapse-free patients received a concomitant glucocorticoid dose of &lt;10 mg/day. Fatigue, headache, neck pain, and absence of LVLs were positively associated with the relapse.

Conclusions
TCZ was effective and well tolerated in Japanese patients with GCA and may be an effective treatment option combined with glucocorticoids.
The impact of adolescent suicide on clinicians: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Keightley P , Foster T , Eggins K , Reay R E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Clinician reactions to client suicide may include shock, grief, guilt, self-doubt, shame, anger, and fears of blame and medico-legal consequences. Clinicians will often differ in their reactions to the suicide and the type of supports required. Adolescent suicide-specific literature is limited.

Aims
We sought to explore clinician reactions and perceptions of support following child and adolescent suicide.

Methods
One hundred and fifteen staff working for a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service were invited to complete an online survey with quantitative and qualitative components, and an in-depth semi-structured interview. Results were presented to teams for reflection and further feedback.

Results
Eight clinicians participated in the semi-structured interview, and 33 in the online survey. Thirteen were the primary clinician, and 21 were part of a multi-disciplinary team when a client suicided. Respondents were predominantly female, from a range of disciplines. Fifty per cent of primary clinicians found the support good to very good. The rest were neutral. However, 26% of team members found support poor to very poor. Clinicians reported questioning their clinical effectiveness and chosen vocation. Some reported a need to disconnect or withdraw to preserve motivation and empathy for the work. They received significant support from their team, and teams were very anxious for the well-being of primary clinicians.

Conclusions
Health services must find ways of helping staff feel that their sense of vocation is valued and nurtured. These strategies will likely include fostering team cohesiveness and mutual support and allowing opportunities to temporarily step back and recover after challenging experiences.
Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis Factors
Authors: Schmid Lisa-Marie , Manavski Nikolay , Chi Wei , Meurer Jörg 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The formation of chloroplasts can be traced back to an ancient event in which a eukaryotic host cell containing mitochondria ingested a cyanobacterium. Since then, chloroplasts have retained many characteristics of their bacterial ancestor, including their transcription and translation machinery. In this review, recent research on the maturation of rRNA and ribosome assembly in chloroplasts is explored, along with their crucial role in plant survival and their implications for plant acclimation to changing environments. A comparison is made between the ribosome composition and auxiliary factors of ancient and modern chloroplasts, providing insights into the evolution of ribosome assembly factors. Although the chloroplast contains ancient proteins with conserved functions in ribosome assembly, newly evolved factors have also emerged to help plants acclimate to changes in their environment and internal signals. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying chloroplast ribosome assembly and highlights the importance of this process in plant survival, acclimation and adaptation.
“It Takes a Village” to Implement Family-Centered Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kutahyalioglu Nesibe S. , Mallinson R. Kevin , Scafide Katherine N. , D'Agata Amy L. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Although research has demonstrated positive impacts of family-centered care (FCC), many neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses hesitate to fully engage in its practice. There has been little scientific focus on investigating the challenges of FCC implementation in the NICU setting.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to generate a grounded theory explaining the process by which neonatal nurses experience facilitators and challenges through engaging in FCC practices in the context of the NICU setting.

Methods:
This qualitative, grounded theory portion of a mixed-methods study employed individual, semistructured, video-based dyadic interviews with 20 neonatal nurses.

Results:
Successful implementation of FCC by neonatal nurses is affected by various factors. The adage that “it takes a village to raise a child” described this process for the nurse participants. The delivery of FCC involves respectful engagement and participation by multiple internal and external stakeholders. The process of delivering FCC was influenced by factors across 6 categories: equitable relationships, bond of trust, knowledge sharing, empowerment in workplace, environment and culture, and regulations. The findings suggest that FCC implementation is not an individual initiative; rather, it involves a complex set of interrelationships between care team members. NICU nurses may consider these findings when they are proposing a change to a FCC model.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Flexibility is necessary by multidisciplinary teams to achieve maximum benefits of FCC and minimize potential harm, despite the unit design. Facilities may support nurses with continuing education programs to expand their FCC knowledge and skills.
Current limits of conservative treatment in ovarian cancer
Authors: Gracia Myriam , Alonso-Espías María , Zapardiel Ignacio 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of reviewFertility-sparing surgery in ovarian cancer is an increasing need in gynecology–oncology clinical practice because of the frequent childbearing delay in developed countries. As the evidence in literature is based on observational studies, this review focuses on summarizing the most recent and relevant evidence for the conservative management of young patients with ovarian cancer.Recent findingsStaging surgery is mandatory in epithelial ovarian tumors. In sex cord-stromal tumors, fertility-sparing surgery is only recommended in FIGO stage IA. Due to its good prognosis, conservative treatment is possible in some cases of advanced disease of germ cell tumors and borderline tumors. Cystectomy is a reasonable option in serous borderline tumors but is not recommended in other tumor subtypes. Successful conception rates after fertility-sparing surgery ranges from 30 to 60%.SummaryFertility-sparing surgery is a well tolerated option in young women with early-stage ovarian cancer with acceptable reproductive outcomes.
Air Displacement Plethysmography is an Accurate and Feasible Noninvasive Measure of Fat-Free Mass in Children With Intestinal Failure
Authors: Carey Alexandra N. , Quinn Nicolle , Arouchon Kayla , Elman Daniel M. , Buccigrosso Tess M. , Mitchell Paul D. , Duggan Christopher P. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The nutritional status of children with intestinal failure (IF) can be difficult to determine using body weight and currently available anthropometric techniques. Air displacement plethysmography (ADP) is a noninvasive measure of whole-body composition that measures body mass and volume, with a calculation of percent body fat (%BF) and fat-free mass (FFM) that may be useful during the provision of specialized nutrition.

Objectives:
To evaluate the validity and feasibility of measuring body composition in children with IF using ADP compared with deuterium dilution (DD), as well as secondarily with other measures of body composition, namely bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and four-site skinfold anthropometry.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective cohort study of 18 children recruited through the Center for Advanced Intestinal Rehabilitation at Boston Children’s Hospital. Patients 2–17 years of age with IF dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN) for more than 90 days were included. Spearman rank correlation and Bland-Altman limits of agreement (LOA) analysis were used to compare ADP to 4 alternative measures of body composition.

Results:
Eighteen children with IF, median age 7.1 [interquartile range (IQR) 5.4–9.3] years, 9 female (50%), and median residual bowel length 31 (IQR 22–85) cm were enrolled. Median PN energy intake was 46 (IQR 39–49) kcal/kg/day. Incomplete bladder emptying lead to invalid measures of DD in 4 subjects. Spearman correlation coefficients for %BF were low to moderate between ADP and DD (r = 0.29), DXA (r = 0.62), BIA (r = 0.50), and skinfold (r = 0.40). Correlations for FFM were high between ADP and these other measures (range 0.95–0.98). Comparing ADP with DD and skinfold measures, Bland-Altman analysis showed small mean bias (−1.9 and +1.5 kg) and acceptable 95% LOA ranges (10.7 and 22.9 kg), respectively, with larger bias (−10.7 and −7.7 kg) and LOA ranges (38.7 and 45.2 kg) compared to DXA and BIA. %BF by ADP and skinfold thickness were moderately correlated (r = 0.43) with low bias (−0.2%) but very wide LOA (25.7%).

Conclusions:
Body composition via ADP is feasible and valid in children with IF as a measure of FFM but appears less suitable for the measurement of %BF. The technique holds promise as a noninvasive measure of body composition to assess the efficacy of nutritional, medical, and surgical interventions.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Oceania: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Forbes Angela J. , Frampton Chris M. A. , Day Andrew S. , Vernon-Roberts Angharad , Gearry Richard B. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic, idiopathic illnesses of the digestive tract, which can impact adversely on children’s quality of life and burden health systems. International studies have shown these diseases are increasing. The aim was to describe pediatric IBD epidemiology across Oceania by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence and prevalence.

Methods:
Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched in October 2022 for studies reporting rates of IBD, Crohn disease (CD), or ulcerative colitis (UC) in children (≤19 years). Several data collection methodologies were included and pooled estimates of incidence and prevalence were calculated using a random effects model with I
2 measures of heterogeneity.

Results:
Nineteen articles provided 15 incidence and 7 prevalence studies. Fourteen studies were from Australia, 8 studies from New Zealand, and no studies were found from the Pacific Islands. Study dates ranged from 1950 to 2020 with 11 studies using population-based designs. Pooled estimates for annual incidence were IBD 4.1 (3.4–4.8, I
2 = 98.7), CD 2.3 (1.9–2.7, I
2 = 98.6), and UC 0.9 (0.6–1.1, I
2 = 96.8) per 100,000 person-years. Prevalence rates were IBD 36.0 (23.5–48.5, I
2 = 98.4), CD 23.2 (6.6–39.8, I
2 = 97.8), and UC 7.6 (2.7–12.5, I
2 = 99.6) per 100,000 persons.

Conclusions:
Pediatric IBD is prevalent in Oceania with high incidence rates, particularly for CD. Low rates of IBD were observed in indigenous Australian, Māori, and New Zealand Pacific children and there were no studies from the Pacific Islands highlighting this as an area in need of further research.
Outcome after Intestinal Transplantation from Living versus Deceased Donors
Authors: Ceulemans Laurens J. , Dubois Antoine , Clarysse Mathias , Canovai Emilio , Venick Robert , Mazariegos George , Vanuytsel Tim , Hibi Taizo , Avitzur Yaron , Hind Jonathan , Horslen Simon , Gondolesi Gabriel , Benedetti Enrico , Gruessner Rainer , Pirenne Jacques 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
To describe the worldwide experience with living donation (LD) in intestinal transplantation (ITx) and compare short- and long-term outcome to a propensity-matched cohort of deceased donors.

Summary Background Data:
ITx is a rare life-saving procedure for patients with complicated intestinal failure (IF). Living donation (LD)-ITx has been performed with success but no direct comparison with deceased donation (DD) has been performed. The Intestinal Transplant Registry (ITR) was created in 1985 by the Intestinal Transplant Association to capture the worldwide activity and promote centers collaborations.

Methods:
Based on the ITR, 4156 ITx were performed between January 1987 and April 2019 of which 76 (1.8%) were LD including 5 combined liver-ITx, 7 ITx-colon, and 64 isolated ITx. They were matched with 186 DD-ITx for recipient age/gender, weight, region, IF-cause, re-transplant, pre-transplant status, ABO compatibility, immunosuppression and transplant date. Primary endpoints were acute rejection and 1-/5-year patient/graft survival.

Results:
Most LD were performed in North-America (61%) followed by Asia (29%). Mean recipient age was: 22 years; BMI: 19kg/m²; and female/male ratio: 1/1.4. Volvulus (N=17) and ischemia (N=17) were the most frequent IF-causes. 52% of patients were at home at time of transplant. One-/5-year patient-survival for LD and DD was 74.2/49.8% versus 80.3/48.1%, respectively (P=0.826). One-/5-year graft survival was 60.3/40.6% versus 69.2/36.1%, respectively (P=0.733). Acute rejection was diagnosed in 47% of LD versus 51% of DD (P=0.723).

Conclusion:
Worldwide, LD-ITx has been rarely performed. This retrospective matched ITR analysis revealed no difference in rejection and in patient/graft survival between LD and DD-ITx.