bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration, Death, and Disappearance: Education and Engagement in Tucson, Arizona
Authors: Anderson Bruce , Reineke Robin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA tragedy has unfolded over the past two decades along the U.S.-Mexico border, where the remains of at least 9000 human beings have been discovered in the desert borderlands since 2000. While migration itself is not a crisis, the loss of life most certainly is. In addition to those who mourn the dead are those who experience the painful ambiguity of loved ones’ disappearance. The scale of death and disappearance is vast, both spatially and temporally—the geography is not limited to the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, but also includes the south-to-north migration corridor from Central America to the U.S., where losses have occurred gradually and continually since the early 2000s. Within communities where migration is prevalent, everyone knows of someone who has disappeared en route. Sadly, this loss of life will likely continue until Latin American peoples are able to immigrate to the U.S. safely and legally. In the meantime, it is important for students to learn about this issue, understand its root causes, and work on solutions.
N3LO+N3LL QCD improved Higgs pair cross sections
Authors: Ajjath A. H. , Shao Hua-Sheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We report a new calculation of the soft-gluon threshold resummation for the Higgs boson pair production in the dominant production mode — gluon-gluon fusion — up to the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N3LL) accuracy. After matching N3LL to the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO) QCD calculation in the infinite top quark mass approximation, we show that the central values of the inclusive cross sections are quite stable with respect to N3LO, while the conventional renormalisation and factorisation scale uncertainties are reduced by a factor of two, reaching to the subpercent level. Our study further consolidates the good asymptotic perturbative convergence. After combining with the full top-quark mass dependent next-to-leading order QCD results, our most advanced predictions are presented for both the inclusive total cross sections and the differential invariant mass distributions of the Higgs pair.
Gregory-Laflamme and superradiance encounter black resonator strings
Authors: Dias Óscar J. C. , Ishii Takaaki , Murata Keiju , Santos Jorge E. , Way Benson 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We construct novel black strings that are neither time-translation invariant, nor axisymmetric, nor translationally invariant in the string direction, but nevertheless have a helical Killing vector field. These solutions branch from the superradiant instability of D = 6 Myers-Perry black strings with equal angular momenta. We coin these solutions as black resonator strings and we find that they have more entropy than Myers-Perry black strings for the energies and angular momenta where both solutions coexist. We also construct Kaluza-Klein geons, which share the symmetries of black resonator strings, but are horizonless. Unlike in other superradiant systems, Kaluza-Klein geons are not the horizonless limit of black resonator strings and are instead entirely separate solutions.
New relations for tree-level form factors and scattering amplitudes
Authors: Dong Jin , He Song , Lin Guanda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We show that tree-level form factors with length-two operators in Yang-Mills-scalar (YMS) theory exhibit structures very similar to scattering amplitudes of gluons and scalars, which leads to new relations between them. Just like amplitudes, n-point Yang-Mills form factors with tr(F2) operator can be decomposed as a linear combination of form factors with tr(ϕ2) operator and r external scalars in YMS theory, where the coefficients are given by Lorentz products of the r linearized field strengths. Moreover, we show that any such n-point form factor of tr(ϕ2) operator can be further expanded into (n+1)-point YMS amplitudes with an additional off-shell scalar leg. In addition to unravelling hidden structures, our results provide an efficient algorithm for computing all-multiplicity length-two form factors in any dimension, as well as their Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae via those of the YMS amplitudes.
Self-binding energies in AdS
Authors: Andriolo Stefano , Michel Marco , Palti Eran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Positive Binding Conjecture is a proposed formulation of the Weak Gravity Conjecture appropriate to Anti de-Sitter (AdS) space. It proposes that in a consistent gravitational theory, with a U(1) gauge symmetry, there must exist a charged particle with non-negative self-binding energy. In order to formulate this as a constraint on a given effective theory, we calculate the self-binding energy for a charged particle in AdS4and AdS5. In particular, we allow it to couple to an additional scalar field of arbitrary mass. Unlike the flat-space case, even when the scalar field is massive it contributes significantly to the binding energy, and therefore is an essential component of the conjecture. In AdS5, we give analytic expressions for the self-binding energy for the cases when the scalar field is massless and when it saturates the Breitenlohner-Freedman (BF) bound, and in AdS4when it is massless. We show that the massless case reproduces the flat-space expressions in the large AdS radius limit, and that both analytic cases lead to vanishing total self-binding energy for BPS particles in example supersymmetric models. For other masses of the scalar we give numerical expressions for its contribution to the self-binding energy.
Holographic Lieb lattice and gapping its Dirac band
Authors: Han Young-Kwon , Seo Jeong-Won , Yuk Taewon , Sin Sang-Jin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We first point out that the Laia-Tong model realizes the Lieb lattice in the holographic setup. It generates a flat band of sharp particle spectrum together with a Dirac band of unparticle spectrum. We provided an understanding why the Laia-Tong model’s boundary condition generate a flat band and compared it with the mechanism of “compact localized orbits” in the lattice models to provide a physical reason why Lieb and Laia-Tong model should be identified based on the similarity in the flat band generation mechanism. We then construct a model which opens a gap to the Dirac band so that one can realize a well-separated flat band. We then study the phase transition between the gapped and gapless phases analytically. We also made methodological progress to find a few other possible quantizations and we express the Green functions in any quantization in terms of that in the standard quantization. Finally we carried out the problem of back reaction to show that the qualitative feature remains the same.
Neutrino magnetic moments meet precision Neff measurements
Authors: Li Shao-Ping , Xu Xun-Jie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the early universe, Dirac neutrino magnetic moments due to their chirality-flipping nature could lead to thermal production of right-handed neutrinos, which would make a significant contribution to the effective neutrino number, Neff. We present in this paper a dedicated computation of the neutrino chirality-flipping rate in the thermal plasma. With a careful and consistent treatment of soft scattering and the plasmon effect in finite temperature field theories, we find that neutrino magnetic moments above 2.7 × 10−12μB have been excluded by current CMB and BBN measurements of Neff, assuming flavor-universal and diagonal magnetic moments for all three generation of neutrinos. This limit is stronger than the latest bounds from XENONnT and LUX-ZEPLIN experiments and comparable with those from stellar cooling considerations.
Neutrino forces in neutrino backgrounds
Authors: Ghosh Mitrajyoti , Grossman Yuval , Tangarife Walter , Xu Xun-Jie , Yu Bingrong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Standard Model predicts a long-range force, proportional to $$ {G}_F^2/{r}^5 $$

G
F
2

/

r
5

, between fermions due to the exchange of a pair of neutrinos. This quantum force is feeble and has not been observed yet. In this paper, we compute this force in the presence of neutrino backgrounds, both for isotropic and directional background neutrinos. We find that for the case of directional background the force can have a 1/r dependence and it can be significantly enhanced compared to the vacuum case. In particular, background effects caused by reactor, solar, and supernova neutrinos enhance the force by many orders of magnitude. The enhancement, however, occurs only in the direction parallel to the direction of the background neutrinos. We discuss the experimental prospects of detecting the neutrino force in neutrino backgrounds and find that the effect is close to the available sensitivity of the current fifth force experiments. Yet, the angular spread of the neutrino flux and that of the test masses reduce the strength of this force. The results are encouraging and a detailed experimental study is called for to check if the effect can be probed.
B-RNS-GSS heterotic string in curved backgrounds
Authors: Berkovits Nathan , Chandia Osvaldo , Gomide João , Martins Lucas N.S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The recently established B-RNS-GSS formalism is extended for the description of the heterotic superstring in curved backgrounds. We propose a generalized action and BRST charge defined in the small Hilbert space with the standard form of an 𝒩 = (1, 0) worldsheet superconformal theory with superconformal generator G and stress tensor T. We show that {G, G} = −2T implies the D=10 N=1 supergravity and super-Yang-Mills equations of motion, as well as holomorphicity of the BRST charge.
Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Dynamics During Drought Responsiveness in Tibetan Hulless Barley
Authors: Jiabu Dunzhu , Yu Mingzhai , Xu Qijun , Yang Haizhen , Mu Wang , Basang Yuzhen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDifferences in drought stress tolerance within diverse grass genotypes have been attributed to epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic alteration regulating responses to drought stress. However, its effects on drought tolerance are poorly understood in Tibetan hulless barley. Here, bisulfite sequencing was conducted to profile the DNA methylation patterns of drought-tolerant variety (XL) and drought-sensitive (DQ) under drought and control conditions. A total of 5843 million reads were generated. We found the significant genome-wide changes in CHH methylation rates between XL and DQ, while CG or CHG methylation rates did not. Besides that, the two contrasting varieties do reveal distinct responses to drought stress in antioxidant activities and differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Genes in drought-tolerant varieties XL are rapidly and significantly methylated when exposed to drought stimulus. These DMRs-related genes in XL are significantly enriched in defense response and response to stimuli via gene-ontology enrichment analysis. Then, we focused on 1003 transcription factors and identified 15 specific DMRs-related transcription factors exhibiting specific methylation changes under drought stimuli. Finally, we identified three DMRs-related TFs (HvRR12, HvRR2, and HvCSP41B), where Arabidopsis homologs involve in responses to drought conditions. Altogether, abiotic stresses could be rapidly respond and mediated by methylation of transcription factors in hulless barely.
Generalised score distribution: underdispersed continuation of the beta-binomial distribution
Authors: Ćmiel Bogdan , Nawała Jakub , Janowski Lucjan , Rusek Krzysztof 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConsider a class of discrete probability distributions with a limited support. A typical example of such support is some variant of a Likert scale, with a response mapped to either the $$\{1, 2, \ldots , 5\}$$

{
1
,
2
,
…
,
5
}

or $$\{-3, -2, \ldots , 2, 3\}$$

{
-
3
,
-
2
,
…
,
2
,
3
}

set. Such type of data is common for Multimedia Quality Assessment but can also be found in many other research fields. For modelling such data a latent variable approach is usually used (e.g., Ordered Probit). In many cases it is convenient or even necessary to avoid latent variable approach (e.g., when dealing with too small sample size). To avoid it the proper class of discrete distributions is needed. The main idea of this paper is to propose a family of discrete probability distributions with only two parameters that play the same role as the parameters of the normal distribution. We call the new class the Generalised Score Distribution (GSD). The proposed GSD class covers the entire set of possible means and variances, for any fixed and finite support. Furthermore, the GSD class can be treated as an underdispersed continuation of a reparametrized beta-binomial distribution. The GSD class parameters are intuitive and can be easily estimated by the method of moments. We also offer a Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) algorithm for the GSD class and evidence that the class properly describes response distributions coming from 24 Multimedia Quality Assessment experiments. At last, we show that the GSD class can be represented as a sum of dichotomous zero–one random variables, which points to an interesting interpretation of the class.
Obese elderly patients with hip fractures may have better survival outcomes after surgery
Authors: Wang Hao , Pan Liping , Li Baoqiang , Ning Taiguo , Liang Guanghua , Cao Yongping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research on the “obesity paradox”. So our primary objective was to explore whether this phenomenon exists in our study, and secondary objective was to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on major complications, and the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after hip fracture surgery after controlling for confounding factors.

Methods
We included patients over 70 years old with hip fracture who were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics, Peking University First Hospital between 2015 and 2021. Patients were classified as underweight (UW, < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (NW, 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (OW, 25.0–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (OB, ≥ 30.0 kg/m2). We analyzed demographic characteristics, operation information and postoperative outcomes. Using multivariate regression with normal-weight patients as the reference, we determined the odds of 1-year mortality, major complications, and AKI by BMI category.

Results
A total of 644 patients were included. Nine percent of patients died after 1 year, 18% had major postoperative complications, and 12% had AKI. There was a U-shaped relationship between BMI and the rates of major complications or AKI. However, there was a linear decreasing relationship between 1-year mortality and BMI. After controlling for confounding factors, multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk of 1-year mortality after surgery was 2.24 times higher in underweight patients than in normal-weight patients (P < 0.05, OR: 2.24, 95% CI 1.14–4.42). Compared with normal-weight patients, underweight patients had a 2.07 times increased risk of major complications (P < 0.05, OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.21–3.55), and the risk of major complications in obese patients was 2.57 times higher than that in normal-weight patients (P < 0.05, OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.09–6.09). Compared with normal-weight, underweight patients had a 2.18 times increased risk of AKI (P < 0.05, OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.17–4.05).

Conclusions
The 1-year mortality risk of patients with higher BMI was significantly reduced. Besides, compared with normal-weight patients, underweight patients and obese patients have a higher risk of major complications; low-weight and obese patients are at higher risk for AKI.
Pathogenesis of acute encephalopathy in acute hepatic porphyria
Authors: Pischik Elena , Baumann Katrin , Karpenko Alla , Kauppinen Raili 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAcute encephalopathy (AE) can be a manifestation of an acute porphyric attack. Clinical data were studied in 32 patients during AE with or without polyneuropathy (PNP) together with 12 subjects with PNP but no AE, and 17 with dysautonomia solely. Brain neuroimaging was done in 20 attacks during AE, and PEPT2 polymorphisms were studied in 56 subjects, 24 with AE. AE manifested as a triad of seizures, confusion and/or blurred vision. Symptoms lasting 1–5 days manifested 3–19 days from the onset of an attack. 55% of these patients had acute PNP independent of AE. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) was detected in 42% of the attacks. These patients were severely affected and hyponatremic (88%). Reversible segmental vasoconstriction was rare. There was no statistical difference in hypertension or urinary excretion of porphyrin precursors among the patients with or without AE. In 94% of the attacks with AE, liver transaminases were elevated significantly (1.5 to fivefold, P = 0.034) compared to a normal level in 87% of the attacks with dysautonomia, or in 25% of patients with PNP solely. PEPT2*2/2 haplotype was less common among patients with AE than without (8.3% vs. 25.8%, P = 0.159) and in patients with PNP than without (9.5% vs. 22.9%, P = 0.207), suggesting a minor role, if any, in acute neurotoxicity. In contrast, PEPT2*2/2 haplotype was commoner among patients with chronic kidney disease (P = 0.192). Acute endothelial dysfunction in porphyric encephalopathy could be explained by a combination of abrupt hypertension, SIADH, and acute metabolic and inflammatory factors of hepatic origin.
Translation and validation of Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Teen in Hong Kong Chinese population [CP QoL-Teen (HK)]
Authors: Ngai Shirley P. C. , Wong L. Y. , Poon Vitti W. K. , Poon Candice Y. C. , Yiu Beverley P. H. , Wong Teresa P. S. , Chow C. P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) is an early onset, non-progressive, neuromotor disorder. Adolescence is the transition from childhood to adulthood when changes in physical and emotional aspects and self-perception occur further imposing an impact to quality of life (QoL) in individuals with CP. Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life (CP QoL) Teen is a questionnaire examining different domains of QoL for adolescents with CP. This study is aimed at translating and validating self-report and proxy-report CP QoL-Teen (HK). Prior approval of translation has been obtained. Forward and backward translations were performed following standardized translation procedures. Participants and their caregivers were asked to complete self-report and proxy-report CP QoL-Teen (HK), and Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ). Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed by Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Concurrent validity was evaluated by Spearman’s rank correlation between subscales of CP QoL-Teen (HK) and CHQ as well as expanded and revised version of Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS-E&R). Ninety-six participants completed the study. Of these, twenty participants completed CP QoL-Teen (HK) twice. Cronbach’s α of CP QoL-Teen (HK) ranged from 0.84 to 0.95 suggesting excellent internal consistency. Moderate to excellent test–retest reliability were demonstrated in all subscales of CP QoL-Teen (HK) (self-report: ICC = 0.46–0.8; proxy-report: ICC = 0.40–0.72, p < 0.05). Weak to moderate association between subscales of CP QoL-Teen (HK) and CHQ (self-report: rs = 0.24–0.61; proxy-report: rs = − 0.41–0.60) was reported.Conclusion: This study showed that CP QoL-Teen (HK) has good psychometric properties. It is a valid and reliable tool to assess quality of life of adolescents with CP.

What is Known:• Cerebral Palsy Quality of life-Teen (CP QoL-Teen) is a validated tool with strong psychometric properties and clinical utility in gauging the QoL in adolescents with CP during their transition from childhood to adulthood when changes in physical and emotional aspects and self-perception occur. Yet, a locally validated tool is lacking in measuring the QoL for adolescents with CP in Hong Kong.What is New:• The Chinese translated version CP QoL-Teen (HK) is a valid and reliable tool to assess quality of life of adolescents with CP tailoring to the local cultural and social background with good psychometric properties being demonstrated.
Kindermedika.at
Authors: Gradwohl Christina , Strommer Barbara , Male Christoph 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungViele Arzneimittel sind für Kinder nicht zugelassen (off-label). Die Fachinformationen beinhalten daher keine Informationen für diese Patient*innengruppe, weshalb das Gesundheitspersonal auf andere Quellen angewiesen ist. Die Webseite Kindermedika.at stellt seit April 2021 evidenzbasierte Informationen für die Arzneimitteltherapie von Kindern kostenfrei und uneingeschränkt zur Verfügung. Das Projekt baut auf dem niederländischen Kinderformularium.nl auf und kooperiert mit weiteren Projekten in Deutschland und Norwegen. Das gemeinsame Ziel ist, Informationen für die Arzneimitteltherapie von Kindern – insbesondere Dosierungen – nach bestverfügbarer Evidenz bereitzustellen. Im Fall des Off-label-Use gelingt dies durch eine standardisierte Recherche und systematische Bewertung der Literatur gefolgt von einer Abstimmung mit der klinischen Praxis. Die Webseite wird laufend ausgebaut und aktualisiert. Die Finanzierung des Projekts ist bis 2027 durch die Sozialversicherungsträger ÖGK, SVS, BVAEB, AUVA und durch die KFA Wien gesichert.
The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children/adolescents with ASD and their family environment: a systematic review
Authors: Milea-Milea Andreea Cristiana , Fernández-Pérez Dolores , Toledano-González Abel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe main objective of the review is to analyze the impact of the pandemic in children/teenagers with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and in their family environment. An electronic search was carried out in different databases (PsycInfo, Web of Science and Scopus) in order to find publications associated with the aim of this project. The search terms used were derived from the combination of the following search string: “((Pandemic OR Epidemic OR Outbreak OR COVID-19 OR Coronavirus) AND (Children OR Adolescents OR Youth OR Child OR Teenager) AND (Autism OR ASD OR Autism Spectrum Disorder))’’. In total, 21 articles were included in this review. The findings of the different investigations included in this review show that the pandemic has produced a negative psychological impact in children/teenagers with ASD. Therefore, long-term follow-up studies should be carried out with the objective of creating effective interventions to treat this problematical.