bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natal Contributions of Kokanee Salmon to Flaming Gorge Reservoir, Wyoming–Utah: An Evaluation Using Otolith Microchemistry
Authors: Black Aaron R. , Walrath John D. , Willmes Malte , Quist Michael C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In a system that uses supplemental stocking to enhance a fishery that serves a dual purpose, an understanding of the contributions from natural and hatchery-produced fish is important so that hatchery resources can be appropriately allocated. Kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka were first stocked in Flaming Gorge Reservoir (FGR), Wyoming–Utah, in 1963 and serve a dual purpose as a prey resource and sport fish. Although natural recruitment occurs in the reservoir, a supplemental stocking program was initiated in 1991. We sought to identify the natal origin (i.e., natural, hatchery) of kokanee in FGR using otolith microchemistry. We evaluated return to the creel, composition of spawning aggregates, and growth of kokanee in FGR and focused on differences associated with natal origin. We analyzed kokanee otoliths that we collected from hatcheries (n = 60) and FGR (n = 1,003) for the strontium isotope ratio, 87Sr/86Sr, using laser ablation and a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. We conducted Kruskal–Wallis tests to compare the strontium isotope ratios from the otolith edge of kokanee that we sampled from hatcheries and FGR. Based on 87Sr/86Sr ratios, we could distinguish natural-origin kokanee from 11 of the 12 hatcheries (P &lt; 0.01); however, the Wigwam Hatchery was not significantly different from FGR (P = 0.84). We used model-based discriminant function analysis to assign natal origins for kokanee caught in FGR. Hatchery contribution to the population at large varied from 21 to 50% among year classes from 2014 to 2018. The percentage of hatchery origin kokanee in the creel (18–50%) was similar to what we observed in the population. Hatchery-produced kokanee contributed a higher proportion to tributary-spawning aggregates (40–90%) than shoreline-spawning aggregates (19–58%) by sample year. Growth of natural and hatchery kokanee was similar, suggesting similar performance in the system. Results from this study identify that hatchery supplementation contributes to the population and recreational harvest of kokanee in FGR. This research also provides insight into the ecology of kokanee that is useful for better understanding kokanee population dynamics in reservoir systems.
Un espace littéraire d’imagination politique
Authors: Laplénie Jean-François 
Published: January 2023

La mise en forme romanesque des événements révolutionnaires de 1918-1920 impose aux écrivains une réflexion sur la représentation des positions idéologiques en présence et la mise en scène des débats entre ces positions. En particulier, la deuxième vague de ces « romans de la révolution », écrits entre 1927 et 1932 et conçus comme la continuation des romans de guerre des années 1927-1928, ouvrent entre la période révolutionnaire, à laquelle ils se réfèrent, et le contexte de crise de la démocratie, dans lequel ils sont publiés, des espaces narratifs d’expérimentation et d’imagination politiques qui donnent à ces romans, qui tiennent à la fois du Zeitroman et du roman historique, une dimension uchronique. À partir de deux romans parus en 1930 (Frieden d’Ernst Glaeser et Nachkrieg de Ludwig Renn) et en apparence similaires, le présent article illustre comment les choix esthétiques conditionnent des conceptions différentes de l’action politique : à l’apathie et à l’inaction qui découlent d’une présentation monolithique des positions politiques (Glaeser) répond, chez Renn, une interrogation sur l’articulation entre idéologie, position et action politiques.
Biosimilar Tenecteplase Versus Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Mohan Ayush , Komakula Snigdha , Murali Suhas , Anand Pooja , Shah Dyuti , Vishnu VY , Pandit Awadh Kishor , Agarwal Ayush , Vibha Deepti , Singh Mamta Bhushan , Padma Srivastava MV , Bhatia Rohit 
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose:
There is an unmet need for a more effective thrombolytic agent in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) management. Various studies and meta-analysis suggest tenecteplase (TNK) as non-inferior over alteplase (rTPA). The present single-center study compares biosimilar TNK and rTPA in a tertiary care setting.

Methods:
Data of patients who presented with AIS and underwent intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) were recruited retrospectively from January 2018 to July 2021. Primary efficacy outcome was a modified Rankin score (mRS) at 90 days dichotomized at < = 2. Qualitative and quantitative variables were assessed using Chi-square test and Student's t-test, respectively.

Results:
A total of 160 patients, 103 in the rTPA and 57 in TNK group, were analyzed. The baseline characteristics were well matched apart from hypertension. Large artery atherosclerosis was the most frequent subtype of stroke among the two groups. Good functional outcome was seen in 47.92% of patients TNK and 64.77% of patients in rTPA group (p = 0.069). No difference was seen in the rates of any ICH (p = 0.29) and mortality at 3 months (p = 0.32) among the two groups.

Conclusion:
This present study observed no difference in the efficacy and safety between biosimilar TNK and rTPA. Our findings are in concordance with published trials showing equivalence between the two molecules.
Experience with Accelerated Ponseti Technique for Treatment of Idiopathic Clubfoot in a Regional Orthopaedic Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Lasebikan Omolade Ayoola , Anetekhai Wilson Ikpemhi , Asuquo Joseph Effiong , Anikwe Ifeanyi Azubuike , Oguzie Gerald Chukwuemeka , Abang Innocent Egbeji , Omoke Njoku Isaac , Asuquo Best Joseph 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Idiopathic talipes equinovarus (ITEV) ‘aka clubfoot’ is the most common foot deformity in children. Ponseti technique had been accepted as a standard method for correction. The traditional Ponseti technique for correction is well known. Accelerated Ponseti technique is said to offer some advantages over the standard technique. The aim of this study was to determine and document the efficiency and success rate of accelerated Ponseti technique.

Methods:
This was a prospective interventional study which lasted 26 months from February 2017 to April 2019. Twenty-eight patients with 42 feets who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. They had serial manipulation and casting twice every week till percutaneous tenotomy was done as indicated. Final cast usually applied after tenotomy and left for 3weeks. Each patient was followed up for a year corresponding to 9 months after the commencement of night bracing. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.

Results:
The mean age was 8.1 months with a range of 1–36 months. The mean Pirani score recorded was 4.4, while the mean number of casting sessions was 3.6 and the mean duration of treatment was 12.4 days. The tenotomy rate recorded was 42.9%. Pre-bracing assessment of Pirani score, passive ankle dorsiflexion and foot abduction done and repeated after a year revealed optimal correction. The relapsed rate at 1 year was 4.8%. The only complication observed was pressure sore in a patient.

Conclusion:
The accelerated Ponseti technique is an efficient method of treatment of ITEV in a much shorter time with a higher success rate. It facilitates compliance with treatment.
Factors Contributing to Mortality in Neonates with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Eventration
Authors: Vasudev Raghunath Bangalore , Kumar Nitin , Gadgade Bahubali Deepak , Radhakrishna Veerabhadra , Basavaraju Mamatha , Anand Alladi 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Despite all the advances, the mortality rate of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) ranges from 30% to 60% for isolated CDH and as high as 89% when they are associated with additional structural or chromosomal anomalies. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the factors contributing to the mortality of neonates treated for CDH or the eventration of diaphragm.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted in the department of paediatric surgery at a tertiary centre. The neonates admitted with a diagnosis of CDH or eventration requiring surgery, between March 2013 and March 2021, were included in the study.

Results:
A total of 123 neonates were included in the study. The variables, earlier median age at presentation (1 [1–23] vs. 3 [1–28]; P < 0.001; Mann–Whitney U-test), preterm birth (10/79 vs. 0/44; P = 0.01; Fischer’s exact test), inborn (68/79 vs. 27/44; P = 0.002; Chi-square test), weight ≤2 kg (18/79 vs. 1/44; P = 0.003; Chi-square test), central cyanosis at presentation (21/79 vs. 1/44; P < 0.001; Chi-square test), antenatal detection (47/79 vs. 14/44; P = 0.003; Chi-square test) and earlier mean age at surgery (3.66 ± 1.47 vs. 7.66 ± 6.88; P < 0.001; Independent sample t-test) were associated with increased mortality. On multinominal logistic regression analysis, the factors preterm (odd’s Ratio [OR] =4.735; P = 0.03), weight ≤2 kg (OR = 5.081; P = 0.02), central cyanosis at presentation (OR = 6.969; P = 0.008) and antenatal detection (OR = 7.471; P = 0.006) were found to be independently associated with increased mortality in CDH/eventration.

Conclusion:
The factors: prematurity, weight <2 kg, cyanosis at presentation and antenatal diagnosis were independently associated with increased mortality in neonates with CDH/eventration requiring surgery.
Successful Management of Oesophageal Atresia in Cameroon, Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Fola Olivier Kopong , Jemea Bonaventure , Bayiha Jean-Emile Emmanuel , Nonga Bernadette Ngo 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Oesophageal atresia (EA) is the most common congenital anomaly of the oesophagus. Despite improvement of survival observed over the previous two decades in developed countries, the mortality remains very high and the management greatly challenging in resource-poor settings such as Cameroon. We report our experience of management of EA in this environment, with a successful outcome.

Materials and Methods:
We prospectively assessed patients diagnosed with EA and operated in January 2019, at the University Hospital Centre of Yaounde. Records were reviewed for demographics, history and physical examinations, radiological findings, surgical procedures and outcomes. The study has received approval from the Institutional Ethics Committees.

Results:
In total, six patients (three males and three females, sex ratio, 0.5; mean age at diagnosis, 3.6 days; range, 1–7 days) were assessed. A past history of polyhydramnios was found in one patient (16.7%). All patients were classified Waterston Group A at diagnosis, with Ladd-Swenson type III atresia. Early primary repair was performed in four patients (66.7%) and delayed primary repair in two patients (33.3%). Operative repair mainly involved resection of the fistula, suture of trachea and oesophagus end-to-end anastomosis, followed by interposition of vascularised pleural flap. Patients were followed up 24 months. With one late death, the survival rate was 83.3%.

Conclusion:
Improvement has been achieved in the outcomes of neonatal surgery in Africa in the past two decades, but EA-related mortality remains relatively too high. Using simple techniques and available, reproducible equipment can improve survival in resource-poor settings.
Management of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Complications in Children
Authors: Ghritlaharey Rajendra Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
The primary objective of this study was to analyse the demographics of the children who presented with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) complications. The secondary objectives were to review the clinical characteristics, surgical procedures performed for the management of VPS complications and the final outcome.

Materials and Methods:
This is a single-institution observational study that included children below 12 years of age who required VPS revisions during the study period.

Results:
During the study period of 10 years, n = 336 VPS catheters were implanted for the treatment of hydrocephalus in children. Forty (11.90%) children developed various VPS complications and required VPS revisions in the follow-up period. A total of n = 30 (8.92%) children (n = 21 boys and n = 9 girls) were selected/recruited for the present study, and they required n = 34 revision procedures. The mean interval from VPS insertion to the diagnosis of the complication was 7.29 months. VPS complications that required revisions occurred in the following order of frequency: (1) VPS catheter, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or shunt tract infection n = 8 (2.38%); (2) malfunction of distal VPS catheter n = 7 (2.08%); (3) coiling of distal VPS catheter at abdominal area n = 6 (1.78%); (4) extrusion of VPS catheter n = 5 (1.48%); (5) CSF leak from abdominal wound site/umbilicus n = 4 (1.19%); (6) malfunction of ventricular catheter n = 3 (0.89%) and (7) CSF pseudocyst peritoneal cavity n = 1 (0.29%). Surgical procedures were performed for the treatment of abovementioned complications in the following order of frequency: (1) revision of distal VPS catheter n = 14 (4.16%), (2) removal of entire VPS catheter ± external ventricular drainage (EVD) n = 7 (2.08%), (3) distal VPS catheter converted as EVD n = 6 (1.78%), (4) revision of proximal VPS catheter n = 3 (0.89%), (5) revision of entire VPS catheter n = 3 (0.89%) and (6) CSF pseudocyst excision n = 1 (0.29%). This study also documented n = 2 (6.6%) deaths during the post-operative period.

Conclusion:
VPS insertion done for the treatment of hydrocephalus in infants and children was associated with various complications. Seventy per cent of the complications occurred within the first 6 months after the VPS insertion. Two-thirds of the complications were related to the distal VPS catheter.
Estimating the skin dose near to the applicator and acute toxicity in breast cancer patients: An intraoperative electron radiotherapy technique
Authors: Mirkazemi Maryam Sadat , Mahdavi Seyed Rabi , Nafissi Nahid , Monfared Ali Shabestani , Ghoreishi Seyedeh Masoumeh , Gorji Kourosh Ebrahimnejad 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT) is one of the most recently popular therapeutic methods for breast cancer. This study aimed to measure the skin dose near the applicator during IOERT of breast cancer patients, as well as, the incidence of acute toxicity after surgery.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-six female patients participated in the current study with the prescribed dose of 21 and 12 Gy for IOERT as full and boost, respectively. The skin dose was investigated based on different applicator sizes, tumor bed thicknesses, and monitor units (MUs). The energy was chosen 8 MeV, and EBT3 film was used for the dosimetric process. In addition, the acute toxicity included healing time for the surgical wound, scaling of the skin, itching, necrosis, redness as well as seroma formation for 1 week and 1 month were recorded. The results were compared to those of 22 patients who underwent the surgery without IOERT.

Results:
The highest skin dose for the patients was obtained 2.09 Gy, which is lower than the threshold dose (6 Gy). Furthermore, the findings showed that the average skin dose was higher in bigger applicator sizes and MU and lower tumor bed thicknesses. The average of wound healing for the patient underwent IOERT and without the use of IOERT (as the control group) was 19.32 and 11.67 days, respectively. One month after surgery, the volume of aspirated seroma was higher in the patients who performed IOERT compared to the control group (250 ml vs. 200 ml). It is notable that there were not observed any redness, itching, scaling, and necrosis in both investigated groups.

Conclusion:
Owing to the results, the skin dose during IOERT was lower than the recommended level. The dose of IOERT as a full was higher than boost which can be related to the lower number of the patients in full method; however, there was a well-tolerated without severe acute complication, especially seroma formation and wound healing time in both full and boost methods.
Burnout among ICU Healthcare Workers at Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in Makkah during the Hajj Season
Authors: Rugaan Asia , Aisa Tharwat , Alkhatib Kasim H , Baky Moamen Abdel , Al Tatar Faisal , Ramadan Ibrahim , Elmorsy Soha , Hussein Adel 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The Hajj season results in increased workload and longer shift hours for healthcare workers at the intensive care units (ICUs), which may result in burnout.

Objective:
To determine the point prevalence of professional burnout and its predictors among healthcare workers at the ICUs of two tertiary care hospitals in Makkah during the Hajj season.

Methods:
This cross-sectional descriptive study included all healthcare professionals working at the ICU departments of two of the largest tertiary care hospitals in the Makkah region during the 1439/2018 Hajj season. The original Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire was used to measure burnout. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the effect size of the associated risk factors.

Results:
A total of 354 participants completed the questionnaire. Moderate to severe burnout was found in each of the three subscales: emotional exhaustion, 56%; depersonalization, 82%, and impaired personal achievement, 72%. Nurses were significantly more likely to experience burnout compared with physicians (P = 0.017). Independent predictors of moderate or severe burnout were being aged ≤40 years (odds ratio [OR]: 2.1, 95% CI: 0.395–4.002; P = 0.045), female gender (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 0.242–4.346; P = 0.037); work having a negative impact on family (OR: 3, 95% CI: 0.164–5.504; P = 0.019); unsatisfaction with salary (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 0.28–5.056; P = 0.025); and working at the cardiac critical care unit (OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 0.440–4.467; P = 0.035).

Conclusion:
This study revealed that the point prevalence of burnout is common among ICU healthcare workers during the Hajj season. These findings can be used by policymakers to devise strategies to mitigate the risks of burnout during the Hajj season.
Continuous positive airway pressure improved daytime sleepiness and memory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Hong Ya-Ling , Shen Yu-Chih , Chang En-Ting , Kung Shu-Chin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder which results in daytime sleepiness and impaired memory function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on daytime sleepiness and memory function in OSA patients. We also investigated whether CPAP compliance impacted the effect of this treatment.

Materials and Methods:
The nonrandomized, nonblinded clinical trial enrolled 66 patients with moderate-to-severe OSA subjects. All subjects completed a polysomnographic study, daytime sleepiness questionnaires (the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and four memory function tests (working memory; processing speed [PS]; logical memory [LM]; face memory [FM]).

Results:
Before CPAP treatment, no significant differences (P < 0.05) were noted in the demographic data, daytime sleepiness, or memory function between two groups (with/without CPAP). However, OSA patients treated with CPAP for 2 moAnths showed significant improvements in daytime sleepiness, PS, mostly of LM, and FM comparing to 2 months ago. As compared to those who did not receive CPAP treatment, CPAP can improve only parts of LM (delayed LM [DLM] and LM percentage [LMP]). In addition, compared to control group, a significant improvement of daytime sleepiness and LM (LM learning, DLM, and LMP) in good compliance with CPAP treatment group and of DLM and LMP in the low compliance with CPAP treatment group was found.

Conclusion:
CPAP treatment for 2 months could improve some of LM in OSA patients, especially in patients exhibiting good CPAP compliance.
Small G-varieties
Authors: Kraft Hanspeter , Regeta Andriy , Zimmermann Susanna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn affine variety with an action of a semisimple group G is called “small” if every nontrivial G-orbit in X is isomorphic to the orbit of a highest weight vector. Such a variety X carries a canonical action of the multiplicative group
${\mathbb {K}^{*}}$
commuting with the G-action. We show that X is determined by the
${\mathbb {K}^{*}}$
-variety
$X^U$
of fixed points under a maximal unipotent subgroup
$U \subset G$
. Moreover, if X is smooth, then X is a G-vector bundle over the algebraic quotient
$X /\!\!/ G$
.If G is of type
${\mathsf {A}_n}$
(
$n\geq 2$
),
${\mathsf {C}_{n}}$
,
${\mathsf {E}_{6}}$
,
${\mathsf {E}_{7}}$
, or
${\mathsf {E}_{8}}$
, we show that all affine G-varieties up to a certain dimension are small. As a consequence, we have the following result. If
$n \geq 5$
, every smooth affine
$\operatorname {\mathrm {SL}}_n$
-variety of dimension
$< 2n-2$
is an
$\operatorname {\mathrm {SL}}_n$
-vector bundle over the smooth quotient
$X /\!\!/ \operatorname {\mathrm {SL}}_n$
, with fiber isomorphic to the natural representation or its dual.
PENERAPAN METODE STATEFUL MULTILAYER INSPECTION UNTUK KEAMANAN JARINGAN PADA SMK N 1 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Sefriansyah Sefriansyah , Khairil Khairil , Sapri Sapri 
Published: January 2023

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu dulu dikenal dengan SMEA Negeri Bengkulu. Didirikan pada tahun 1969 di Jalan Soekarno Hatta Kelurahan Anggut Atas Kota Bengkulu. Status Penegerian sekolah oleh pemerintah nomor 201/DKK/8?1969 tanggal 26 Desember 1969. Seiring perkembangan sekolah dan sempitnya lahan, maka awal 1970 dilakukan pemindahan lokasi ke Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu yaitu Jalan Jati No. 41 Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu. Perkembangan terbaru penyelenggaraan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri 1 Kota Bengkulu adalah ditunjuknya SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu sebagai SMK Kluster penerapan kurikulum 2013 dan SMK rujukan di Provinsi Bengkulu. SMKN 1 Kota Bengkulu juga telah memiliki LSP 1 dengan lisensi untuk semua Kompetensi Keahlian dan memiliki TUK (Tempat Uji Kopetensi) di Kopetensi Keahlian Akutansi dan Keuangan Lembaga (AKL), Otomatisasi dan Tata Kelola Perkantoran (OTKP), Bisnis Daring dan Pemasaran (BPD), Usaha Perjalanan Wisata (UPW), Multimedia (MM), Teknik Komputer dan factory dengan program Technopark dan memiliki Alfamart Class sebagai laboratorium ritail dalam meningkatkan jiwa kewirausahaan sebagai usaha meningkatkan kopetensi lulusan yang dapat bekerja, melanjutkan pendidikan dan berwirausaha (BMW).Saat ini jaringan komputer pada SMK N 1 Kota Bengkulu sering mengalami gangguan seperti trafik data yang turun naik, penyebaran virus pada jaringan sehingga menyebabkan proses belajar mengajar terganggu karena ada beberapa buah komputer yang terhubung menjadi lambat.Linux merupakan distro berbasis open source dengan banyak fitur, salah satunya adalah router dan firewall. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menganalisis kelemahan dan kekurangan metode firewall sebelumnya dan menerapkan metode baru dengan menggunakan metode Stateful Multilayer Inspection pada server dengan sistem operasi Linux Ubuntu.