bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploration of spatial-temporal characteristics and spatial spillover effects of forest carbon sinks in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: MA Mingjuan , Ke Shuifa , Li Qiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Developing forest carbon sinks (FCS) is significant for China to achieve carbon neutrality. The Yellow River Basin is a principal area for China’s energy consumption, and the forest resource distribution of this vast basin is spatially dependent, determining that the development of FCS cannot be separated geographically. Based on the spatial panel data of 69 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River basin from 1988 to 2018, we used ESDA to reveal the spatial–temporal characteristics of FCS, and we established a spatial econometric model to investigate the transregional spillover effects of FCS. The results showed that: ① the overall FCS showed a gradually increasing trend, with a general distribution characteristic of “upstream > midstream > downstream” from 1988 to 2018. ②FCS presented an agglomeration distribution pattern with significant spatial spillover effects, and the degree of uneven spatial agglomeration varied across the years. ③Urbanization rate, forestry fixed assets investment, labor input, and afforestation management level directly promote FCS growth, whereas forest harvesting, precipitation, and temperature decrease FCS. ④Urbanization rate, forest harvesting, forestry fixed assets investment, labor input, and afforestation management level have positive spillover effects on FCS, while precipitation and temperature have adverse spillover effects on FCS. Hence, pertinent policy suggestions are put out to serve as a guide for increasing FCS.
Compliance with antibiotic therapy guidelines in French paediatric intensive care units: a multicentre observational study
Authors: Amadieu Romain , Brehin Camille , Chahine Adéla , Grouteau Erick , Dubois Damien , Munzer Caroline , Brissaud Olivier , Ros Barbara , Jean Gael , Brotelande Camille , Travert Brendan , Savy Nadia , Boeuf Benoit , Ghostine Ghida , Popov Isabelle , Duport Pauline , Wolff Richard , Maurice Laure , Dauger Stephane , Breinig Sophie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Bacterial infections (BIs) are widespread in ICUs. The aims of this study were to assess the compliance with antibiotic recommendations, and factors associated with non-compliance.
Methods
We conducted an observational study in eight French Paediatric and Neonatal ICUs with an antimicrobial stewardship programme, mostly once a week. All children receiving antibiotics for a suspected or proven BI were evaluated. Newborns < 72 hours old, neonates < 37 weeks, age ≥ 18 years, and children under antimicrobial prophylaxis were excluded.
Results
139 suspected (or proven) BI episodes in 134 children were prospectively included during six separate time-periods over one year. The final diagnosis was 26.6% no BI, 40.3% presumed (i.e., not documented) BI, and 35.3% documented BI. Non-compliance for all parameters combined occurred in 51.1%. The main reasons for non-compliance were inappropriate choice of antimicrobials (27.3%), duration of one or more antimicrobials (26.3%), and duration of antibiotic therapy (18.0%). In multivariate analyses, main independent risk factors for non-compliance were prescribing ≥ 2 antibiotics (OR 4.06, 95%CI 1.69–9.74, p = 0.0017), a duration of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy ≥ 4 days (OR 2.59, 95%CI 1.16–5.78, p = 0.0199), neurologic compromise at ICU admission (OR 3.41, 95%CI 1.04–11.20, p = 0.0431), suspected catheter-related bacteraemia (ORs 3.70 and 5.42, 95%CIs 1.32 to 15.07, p < 0.02), a BI site classified as “other” (ORs 3.29 and 15.88, 95%CIs 1.16 to 104.76, p < 0.03), sepsis with ≥ 2 organ dysfunctions (OR 4.21, 95%CI 1.42–12.55, p = 0.0098), late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (OR 6.30, 95%CI 1.15–34.44, p = 0.0338), and ≥ 1 risk factor for ESBL Enterobacteriaceae (OR 2.56, 95%CI 1.07–6.14, p = 0.0353). Main independent factors for compliance were having antibiotic therapy protocols (OR 0.42, 95%CI 0.19–0.92, p = 0.0313), respiratory failure at ICU admission (OR 0.36, 95%CI 0.14–0.90, p = 0.0281), and aspiration pneumonia (OR 0.37, 95%CI 0.14–0.99, p = 0.0486).
Conclusions
Half of antibiotic prescriptions remain non-compliant with guidelines. Intensivists should reassess on a daily basis the benefit of using several antimicrobials or any broad-spectrum antimicrobials and stop antibiotics that are no longer indicated. Developing consensus about treating specific illnesses and using department protocols seem necessary to reduce non-compliance. A daily ASP could also improve compliance in these situations.
Trial registration
: ClinicalTrials.gov: number NCT04642560. The date of first trial registration was 24/11/2020.
Factors Associated with CT-Scan Repetition among Pediatrics and its Relationship with Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol
Authors: Azman Alia Shamimie , Al-Shangeeti Tahani , Al-Shehade Salah , Mohammed Maisa Elzaki , Al-Sharif Wala , Al-Shamrani Bandar , Ahmad Rozilawati , Alshawsh Mohammed Abdullah 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of CT scans in pediatric patients has been increasing annually, exposing them to higher doses of radiation compared to other imaging modalities. The primary concern is the potential increased risk of stochastic effects, particularly cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to identify the factors contributing to repeat CT scans in pediatrics and their association with cancer risk. Furthermore, the study aims to determine the relative risk of cancer incidence associated with repeated CT scans in pediatric patients, as well as to identify the major cancers associated with repeated radiation exposure from CT scans in children. Additionally, the relationship between radiation dose and various factors, including scanning protocols, CT parameters, and exposure dose will be investigated.
Methods/Design:
A comprehensive systematic review will be conducted by searching relevant databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies pertaining to CT scan repetition in the pediatric population and cancer risk. The search strategy will involve keywords such as computed tomography, CT scan, cancer risk, radiation exposure, pediatrics, and cumulative doses. The database search was performed between 2012 and 2022. Two independent reviewers will assess the studies and examine the reference lists of eligible studies for additional references. Data extraction will be performed using a standardized form, and qualitative analysis will be conducted to synthesize the findings of the systematic review after assessing the risk of bias.
Discussion
By conducting this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to enhance our understanding of the factors contributing to repeat CT scans in pediatrics and their relationship with cancer risk. The findings will contribute to improved knowledge in this area and may inform strategies for minimizing unnecessary CT scan repetition and reducing associated cancer risks in pediatric patients.
Trial Registration:
The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42022342579
Characteristics and risk factors for drug-induced lung injury in hospitalized patients: A matched case-control study
Authors: Yu Pengjiu , Wu Yaozhou , Ye Ruohan , Yin Weiwei , Kong Xuetao , Liu Jie , Wei Li 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective: Many drugs can cause drug-induced lung injury (DLI), but its clinical features and pathogenic factors are not fully clear. The present study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of DLI and to provide a reference for the safe application of the drug.
Materials and Methods: The clinical features of patients diagnosed with DLI in our hospital between 2014 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. DLI was diagnosed by using the Japanese Respiratory Society criteria. A retrospective case-control study was conducted according to suspected drugs, race, and significant diagnosis-matched controls, and logistic regression was used to identify risk factors.
Results: 38 patients were diagnosed with DLI, and the median time from initiation of medication to the diagnosis of DLI was 74 days. The main clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (81.6%), cough (71.1%), expectoration (55.3%), and fever (42.1%); chest CT showed mainly ground glass opacity (GGO) (81.6%), nodular pattern (36.8%), increased of lung markings (34.2%) and interlobular septal thickening (23.7%). In laboratory tests, the levels of WBC, ALT, LDH, CRP, and KL-6 were significantly increased, while creatinine and albumin levels were significantly decreased. A total of 32 patients were treated with steroids. Of all the 38 patients, six were utterly cured, 27 showed improvement in their symptoms, two were poorly treated, and three died; In the matched case-control study, 38 DLI patients were successfully matched with 152 non-DLI controls. After multifactorial analysis, no factors were significantly associated with an increased incidence of DLI.
Conclusions: The prognosis of DLI is poor, so it is necessary to be highly vigilant when using drugs that are easy to induce DLI. LDH and KL-6 may be useful biomarkers related to DLI. No significant risk factors for DLI were found in the present study, further high-quality original studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
Risk analysis of contamination by potentially zoonotic parasites found in public squares at Southern Brazil
Authors: Lignon Julia Somavilla , Bohm Bianca Conrad , Martins Natália Soares , Bruhn Fábio Raphael Pascoti , Pappen Felipe Geraldo , Pinto Diego Moscarelli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Human beings and animals are getting closer and closer. This proximity is not limited to the home environment, as animals are also frequenters of public spaces with access to leisure areas and human recreation. As they play the role of definitive hosts for some species of potentially zoonotic helminths and protozoa, the risk of environmental contamination through their feces and the risk of infection of other animals, including humans, increases. From an epidemiological point of view, identifying possible sites at risk of infection allows us to outline adequate control and prevention methods. Therefore, the aim of this work was to carry out a risk analysis of contamination by potentially zoonotic parasites found in public squares in Southern Brazil.
Methods
Samples of dog feces and sand were collected in public squares in municipalities in the Pelotas microregion, south of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The parasitological diagnosis was performed using the techniques of Willis-Mollay, Faust and Spontaneous sedimentation for feces and Caldwell and Caldwell for sand. The results were interpreted through descriptive data analysis, chi-square test and correspondence analysis.
Results
In total, 4262 samples were analyzed, where 63% of sand samples and 49.8% of feces samples were parasitized by Ancylostoma. Of all the municipalities in the study, Cerrito, Capão do Leão and Cristal have the highest risk for the presence of parasites in the samples collected. In addition, Pelotas and Pedro Osório municipalities had more positive samples with nematode eggs; Cristal, Cerrito and Capão do Leão had more samples positive for tapeworms; Canguçu, Morro Redondo and Turuçu showed higher positivity of protozoa.
Conclusion
It is concluded that there is great contamination in the squares studied, by parasites with zoonotic potential, and among the identified parasites, Ancylostoma is the most frequent. Furthermore, it is suggested that small municipalities are at greater risk of presenting parasites in public spaces, such as squares.
A Novel Antimicrobial Camouflage for Prevention of Infectious Diseases
Authors: gul Sagheer , Ali Tahira , Saud Khaled , Jabeen Saira , Farooq Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Infections caused due to microbes remains a major complication to keep and maintain health and hygiene issues related to human body. Preparation of a novel polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based ink is reported, which facilitates the 3D printing of lightweight medicated jewelry items. The photopolymer matrix is filled with mesoporous silica aerogel camouflaging silver nanoparticles inside the nanopores as antimicrobial agent. PMMA provides adherence medium for variety of microbes [1], once they adhere to surface the microbes are compromised by antimicrobial agent, thus quantifying and collecting the microbes from the surface of human body to a specific surface of 3D printed jewelry. This practice on one hand keeps the human skin free from microbes while on other hand most of the microbes are compromised. The jewelry items are extremely helpful to limit the spread of diseases caused specially with contaminated fingers and hands which are not easy to be kept clean all the time.
Mixed nitrate and ammonium supply improves maize growth and leaf water status by regulating concentration ratios of phytohormones in the xylem sap
Authors: Wu Mengqi , Zhang Fangbo , Tang Xiaoyan , Rengel Zed , Pu Man , Mao Mengxue , Shi Yuanfei , Sun Baoru , Shen Jianbo , Zhang Fusuo , Jin Kemo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The use of mixed nitrate and ammonium supply (mixed-N) as a nitrogen source can improve plant growth. Phytohormones in the xylem sap are involved in root-shoot signaling and regulation of plant growth and development. However, the role of xylem sap phytohormones in the shoot growth with mixed-N supply is poorly understood. Here, pot-grown maize seedlings fed with different nitrogen forms (NO 3 −, NH 4 +, and mixed-N) at 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg N kg −1 soil (N 50, N 100, N 200, and N 400, respectively) were used to measure shoot biomass, stomatal conductance, leaf water saturation deficit (LWSD), and concentrations of zeatin riboside (ZR), auxin (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) and their concentration ratios in the xylem sap. Results showed that mixed-N supply increased maize shoot biomass and LWSD compared with NO 3 − or NH 4 + applied alone regardless of the N rates. Mixed-N supply significantly increased ZR and IAA concentrations, and decreased ABA concentration (thus increased the ZR/ABA, IAA/ABA, and (ZR+IAA)/ABA concentration ratios), which were correlated positively with shoot growth and LWSD. And the stomatal conductance showed a negative correlation with LWSD under different N forms and rates. Our results indicated that mixed-N supply could facilitate maize shoot growth by regulating phytohormones and their concentration ratios in the xylem sap to control stomatal function and improve leaf hydration status.
Study on deformation and instability characteristics and control technology of deep soft rock roadway with strong mining
Authors: Li Jian , Li Yongle , Xie Zhengzheng , Zhang Nong , Guo Feng , Chen Qinghua , Liu Sijia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the development of deep mining of coal resources, the problem of deep roadway management is becoming increasingly prominent. This study aims to analyze the deformation and failure mechanism of deep-buried soft rock roadway under the influence of mining. Taking the material roadway of 3205 working face in Xin’an Coal Mine as the engineering background, this study analyzed the characteristics of roadway deformation and failure and its influencing factors through field investigation. This study firstly expounded the principles of graded continuous anchorage for roadway roof and then proposed a new support scheme whose feasibility was verified by numerical simulation. Field verification shows that the optimized support scheme can effectively control the deformation of roadway surrounding rock. Specifically, the deformation of roof and two sides is reduced by 91% and 50% respectively; the maximum crack depth decreases from 9.56m to 3.26m, indicating that the roof crack development has been significantly inhibited. The new support scheme builds a solid anchored rock beam structure with thick roof layer, which can maintain the long-term stable bearing capacity of deep-buried composite roof roadway. This study provides a solution for the surrounding rock control of deep soft rock roadway.
Robust superhydrophobic resin sponges modified by polydimethylsiloxanes/epoxy-based copolymer for high-efficiency oil/water separation
Authors: Zhang Tongyao , Ma Litao , Ren Dazhong , Huang Ying , Zhang Hanpeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The development of recyclable, durable and widely adaptable porous hydrophobic materials is of vital importance for the effective separation of leaking oil-water mixtures. Herein, we functionally modified melamine formaldehyde resin sponge (MFRS) with PMMA, PDMS-PMMA and PDMS-PGMA via a facile solution-immersion process. Compared with PMMA-coated MFRS, the improvement of the water contact angle (WCA) and oil-water mixture separation efficiency of PDMS-PMMA/MFRS were sufficient enough to verify that the introduction of PDMS block enhanced the hydrophobic performances of the material. Moreover, the importance of the GMA block in PDMS-PGMA/MFRS was confirmed by the excellent performance of the material in oil-water separation recycling experiments, with 91.5% separation efficiency after 8 runs. The fabricated PDMS-PMMA/MFRS with improved WCA (155°) and oil-water mixture separation efficiency (99.1%), demonstrated superhydrophobic property, which is attributed to the introduction of hydrophobic block PDMS and coating-induced surface geometric folds. Besides, the acid-resistance and widely adaptable (efficient separation of various oil-water mixtures) performances of PDMS-PGMA/MFRS were experimentally confirmed. The freely available manufacturing raw materials and facile functionalization process of PDMS-PMMA/MFRS offers possibilities for its adoption in the efficient cleanup of oil spills.
French General Practitioners’ Attitudes To Prescribing Oral Anti-Dementia Drugs : A Questionnaire Survey.
Authors: maigre Olivier , Somme Dominique , Corvol Aline 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The benefit/risk ratio of oral anti-dementia drugs, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, is contentious. Our objective was to describe French general practitioners’ (GPs) attitudes regarding the prescription renewal of these treatments, always initiated in France by a memory clinic specialist.
Methods: A Questionnaire Survey was sent to 1,380 GPs in the Brittany region of France about their attitudes and practices towards oral anti-dementia drugs and memory clinics.
Results: Of 233 respondents (response rate 17%), 77% considered that risks exceeded benefits, with substantial variations. Despite their generally unfavorable evaluation, most surveyed GPs reported that they usually renewed their treatment. They justified continuation by a lack of alternatives and by considering family wishes.
Conclusions: GPs usually renew oral anti-dementia drugs prescribed by specialists, although most of them think that the risks exceed the benefits. This attitude questions the principle of non-maleficence. GPs’ discomfort with anti-dementia drugs prescriptions could dissuade some GPs from addressing their patients to memory clinics.
Impact of a closed-space rectangular heated source on MHD mixed convection flows into a lid-driven cavity with a heated wavy bottom surface in presence of internal heat generation or absorption.
Authors: ALi Ahmed Refaie , Maya Mst. Umme Mahmuda , Alam Md. Nur 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper investigated the influence of a closed space rectangular heat source on MHD hybrid convection flow into the lid-driven cavity, keeping a heated waved bottom surface with internal heat absorption or generation. The peak wall of the waved cavity is going at a constant velocity. The vertical walls of the square waved cavity are carried at cold temperatures. In contrast, the peak wall is insulated, and a closed-space rectangular heated source is attached to the middle of the waved cavity. The problem is mathematically solved by a set of suitable GE (governing equations) in concert with an advanced mathematical pinnacle, using GWR (Galerkin weighted residual method) of finite element (FE) procedure. The impression of variation on the Hartmann (Ha) number, Richardson (Ri) number, heat absorption or generation parameter, rectangular bar effectiveness on flow layout, and Nuesselt number were explored in detail. The numerical outcomes are shown in graphical terms of isotherms, streamlines, rectangular bar effectiveness, velocity shapes, and average Nusselt ( ) number. As the size of the rectangular heated source rises, the average Nusselt number declines within a heated wall for all Richardson (Ri) numbers of the enclosures. There is an effective reduction in the average Nusselt number when the magnetic field grows. When heat is generated, the average Nusselt number declines, whereas heat absorption ascends it. Results are substantiated relating to the published work.
Robot-assisted thoracoscopic resection of a posterior mediastinal tumor with immunoglobulin G4- related disease: a case report
Authors: Takeuchi Taihei , Takizawa Hiromitsu , Hosokawa Akio , Sumitomo Hiroyuki , Miyamoto Naoki , Sakamoto Shinichi , Morishita Atsushi , Kawakita Naoya , Toba Hiroaki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease affects nearly every organ, and its clinical course varies depending on the involved organ; however, its occurrence in the mediastinum is rarely reported.
Case presentation: A 58-year-old woman presented with a posterior mediastinal tumor along the thoracic spine on imaging. Based on her elevated serum IgG4 level of 349.7 mg/dL, IgG4-related disease was suspected. Since the tumor was growing and malignancy could not be excluded, surgical resection was performed for definitive diagnosis. Robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed via the left semipronation and right thoracic approaches. The irregularly-shaped tumor was located on the level of the seventh to ninth thoracic vertebra, along the sympathetic nerve. A malignancy was not excluded based on the appearance of the tumor. The tumor had poor mobility. The sympathetic nerves, intercostal arteries, and veins were also excised. In this case, the articulated forceps, used during the robotic surgery, were useful in achieving complete tumor resection along the vertebral body. The pathological examination revealed IgG4-positive plasma infiltration, which fulfilled the criteria for IgG4-related diseases. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient underwent follow-up on an outpatient basis without additional medications.
Conclusion: The clinical presentation of IgG4-related disease varies, based on the involved organs. This case was rare because the mediastinum was involved, and it emphasized the effectiveness of surgical resection.