bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impulsivity Traits in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Giovannelli Fabio , Gavazzi Gioele , Noferini Chiara , Palumbo Pasquale , Viggiano Maria Pia , Cincotta Massimo 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn Parkinson's disease (PD), impulsivity as a personality trait may be linked to the risk of developing impulse control disorders (ICDs) during dopaminergic therapy. However, studies evaluating differences in trait impulsivity between patients with PD and healthy controls or between patients with PD with and without ICDs reported partly inconsistent findings.ObjectivesWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) of studies comparing Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS‐11) scores between patients with PD and healthy controls and between patients with PD with and without ICDs.MethodsEligible studies were identified through a systematic search in 3 databases. Mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for BIS‐11 total and subscale scores were separately calculated for studies comparing patients with PD and healthy controls and patients with PD with and without ICDs. Meta‐regressions were performed to explore sources of heterogeneity (percentage of men, age, disease duration, and levodopa equivalent daily dose).ResultsA total of 40 studies were included in the quantitative analyses. BIS‐11 total scores were significantly higher in patients with PD compared with healthy controls (mean difference 2.43; 95% CI, 1.03, 3.83), and in patients with PD with active ICDs compared with patients without ICDs (6.62; 95% CI, 5.01, 8.23). No significant moderators emerged by meta‐regression analyses.ConclusionsThe present meta‐analysis supports that impulsivity, as a personality trait, may characterize patients with PD, even in the absence of ICDs. Moreover, these data corroborate findings of clinical studies reporting higher levels of trait impulsivity in PD patients with ICDs compared with patients without ICDs.
B1 inhomogeneity‐corrected T1 mapping and quantitative magnetization transfer imaging via simultaneously estimating Bloch‐Siegert shift and magnetization transfer effects
Authors: Jang Albert , Han Paul K. , Ma Chao , El Fakhri Georges , Wang Nian , Samsonov Alexey , Liu Fang 
Published: July 2023

PurposeTo introduce a method of inducing Bloch‐Siegert shift and magnetization Transfer Simultaneously (BTS) and demonstrate its utilization for measuring binary spin‐bath model parameters free pool spin–lattice relaxation (), macromolecular fraction (), magnetization exchange rate () and local transmit field ().Theory and MethodsBloch‐Siegert shift and magnetization transfer is simultaneously induced through the application of off‐resonance irradiation in between excitation and acquisition of an RF‐spoiled gradient‐echo scheme. Applying the binary spin‐bath model, an analytical signal equation is derived and verified through Bloch simulations. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to analyze the method's performance. The estimation of the binary spin‐bath parameters with compensation was further investigated through experiments, both ex vivo and in vivo.ResultsComparing BTS with existing methods, simulations showed that existing methods can significantly bias estimation when not accounting for transmit heterogeneity and MT effects that are present. Phantom experiments further showed that the degree of this bias increases with increasing macromolecular proton fraction. Multi‐parameter fit results from an in vivo brain study generated values in agreement with previous literature. Based on these studies, we confirmed that BTS is a robust method for estimating the binary spin‐bath parameters in macromolecule‐rich environments, even in the presence of inhomogeneity.ConclusionA method of estimating Bloch‐Siegert shift and magnetization transfer effect has been developed and validated. Both simulations and experiments confirmed that BTS can estimate spin‐bath parameters (, , ) that are free from bias.
Simultaneous T2‐weighted real‐time MRI of two orthogonal slices
Authors: Hickey Samantha , Reichert Andreas , Ptacek Wolfgang , Bielak Lars , Reiss Simon , Fischer Johannes , Gunashekar Deepa Darshini , Bortfeld Thomas , Bock Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeMR guidance is used during therapy to detect and compensate for lesion motion. T2‐weighted MRI often has a superior lesion contrast in comparison to T1‐weighted real‐time imaging. The purpose of this work was to design a fast T2‐weighted sequence capable of simultaneously acquiring two orthogonal slices, enabling real‐time tracking of lesions.MethodsTo generate a T2 contrast in two orthogonal slices simultaneously, a sequence (Ortho‐SFFP‐Echo) was designed that samples the T2‐weighted spin echo (S−) signal in a TR‐interleaved acquisition of two slices. Slice selection and phase‐encoding directions are swapped between the slices, leading to a unique set of spin‐echo signal conditions. To minimize motion‐related signal dephasing, additional flow‐compensation strategies are implemented. In both the abdominal breathing phantom and in vivo experiments, a time series was acquired using Ortho‐SSFP‐Echo. The centroid of the target was tracked in postprocessing steps.ResultsIn the phantom, the lesion could be identified and delineated in the dynamic images. In the volunteer experiments, the kidney was visualized with a T2 contrast at a temporal resolution of 0.45 s under free‐breathing conditions. A respiratory belt demonstrated a strong correlation with the time course of the kidney centroid in the head–foot direction. A hypointense saturation band at the slice overlap did not inhibit lesion tracking in the semi‐automatic postprocessing steps.ConclusionThe Ortho‐SFFP‐Echo sequence delivers real‐time images with a T2‐weighted contrast in two orthogonal slices. The sequence allows for simultaneous acquisition, which could be beneficial for real‐time motion tracking in radiotherapy or interventional MRI.
Fast in vivo assay of creatine kinase activity in the human brain by 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting
Authors: Widmaier Mark , Lim Song‐I , Wenz Daniel , Xin Lijing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA new and efficient magnetisation transfer 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MT‐31P‐MRF) approach is introduced to measure the creatine kinase metabolic rate
between phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human brain. The MRF framework is extended to overcome challenges in conventional 31P measurement methods in the human brain, enabling reduced acquisition time and specific absorption rate (SAR). To address the challenge of creating and matching large multiparametric dictionaries in an MRF scheme, a nested iteration interpolation method (NIIM) is introduced. As the number of parameters to estimate increases, the size of the dictionary grows exponentially. NIIM can reduce the computational load by breaking dictionary matching into subsolutions of linear computational order. MT‐31P‐MRF combined with NIIM provides
,
and
estimates in good agreement with those obtained by the exchange kinetics by band inversion transfer (EBIT) method and literature values. Furthermore, the test–retest reproducibility results showed that MT‐31P‐MRF achieves a similar or better coefficient of variation (<12%) for
and
measurements in 4 min 15 s, than EBIT with 17 min 4 s scan time, enabling a fourfold reduction in scan time. We conclude that MT‐31P‐MRF in combination with NIIM is a fast, accurate, and reproducible approach for in vivo
assays in the human brain, which enables the potential to investigate energy metabolism in a clinical setting.
Bionanocomposites films applied as active and smart food packaging: A review
Authors: Naskar Animesh , Sanyal Indrani , Nahar Najmun , Ghosh Debasree Deb , Chakraborty Sagarika 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFood packaging is used worldwide and is a common technique for protecting food safety and quality while increasing shelf life. Environmental issues caused by using polymers in packaging derived from petroleum are becoming more significant and more well‐known. Interest in ecofriendly packaging materials made of renewable resources (biopolymers) has steadily increased, particularly for temporary and throw‐away packaging applications. However, biopolymers frequently have poor processability, poor mechanical, and poor barrier characteristics, restricting their industrial application and scalable manufacturing. Researchers have created bionanocomposites with improved packaging qualities like antibacterial function, mechanical toughness, optical clarity, and gas and water barrier properties to overcome these restrictions. This review seeks to inform readers about recent advances in active food packaging that use biopolymers and bionanocomposite materials. The difficulties and possibilities presented by such resources for the food packaging sector have been examined. This review is timely given the recent spike in interest in research projects both in academia and industry seeking to create a new group of materials for packaging based on biopolymer for food with potential uses elsewhere.
Theophylline for the management of respiratory disorders in adults in the 21st century: A scoping review from the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Pulmonary Practice and Research Network
Authors: Boylan Paul M. , Abdalla Maha , Bissell Brittany , Malesker Mark A. , Santibañez Melissa , Smith Zachary 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTheophylline is an oral methylxanthine bronchodilator recommended as alternate therapy for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is not generally recommended for the treatment of other respiratory disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or hypoxia. Most clinical practice guidelines rely on evidence published prior to the year 2000 to make these recommendations. This scoping review aimed to gather and characterize evidence describing theophylline for the management of respiratory disorders in adults between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2020. Databases searched included Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews. Studies were included if they were published in English, theophylline was used for any respiratory disorder, and the study outcomes were disease‐ or patient‐oriented. After removal of duplicates, 841 studies were screened and 55 studies were included. Results aligned with current clinical guideline recommendations relegating theophylline as an alternative therapy for the treatment of respiratory disorders, in favor of inhaled corticosteroids and inhaled bronchodilators. This scoping review identified the need for future research including: theophylline versus other medications deemed alternative therapies for asthma and COPD, meta‐analyses of low‐dose theophylline, and studies evaluating evidence‐based patient‐oriented outcomes for OSA, hypoxia, ventilator‐induced diaphragmatic dysfunction, and spinal cord injury‐related pulmonary function.
Composite hydrogels based on calcium alginate and polyethyleneimine for wastewater treatment
Authors: Berg Johannes , Seiffert Sebastian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWater shortage has risen severely in recent years, confronting mankind with a worldwide challenge, especially as the accessible water resources are further limited by diverse contamination. The most widespread industrial process for water treatment is the activated sludge process, in which, however, excessive sludge production has become an enormous environmental problem worldwide. To overcome this problem, hydrogels possess outstanding potential in view of adsorptive removal of contaminants like heavy metal ions, fertilizers, and dyes. In this paper, we report about the synthesis of biobased alginate hydrogel beads along with polyethyleneimine‐modified composite hydrogels for water treatment. The adsorption of methylene blue as a positively charged and of congo red as a negatively charged model dye is quantitatively investigated, both separately and in combination. In addition, the pH‐dependent adsorption of the dyes is determined. The use of alginate‐based hydrogel systems combines several prospects: they are bio‐based, inexpensive, easily available to a sufficient extent, sustainable, and are applicable in a broad range of wastewater treatment by its charged groups.
Both Landsat‐ and LiDAR‐derived measures predict forest bee response to large‐scale wildfire
Authors: Galbraith Sara M. , Valente Jonathon J. , Dunn Christopher J. , Rivers James W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLarge‐scale disturbances such as wildfire can have profound impacts on the composition, structure, and functioning of ecosystems. Bees are critical pollinators in natural settings and often respond positively to wildfires, particularly in forests where wildfire leads to more open conditions and increased floral resources. The use of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) provides opportunities for quantifying habitat features across large spatial scales and is increasingly available to scientists and land managers for post‐fire habitat assessment. We evaluated the extent to which LiDAR‐derived forest structure measurements can predict forest bee communities after a large, mixed‐severity fire. We hypothesized that LiDAR measurements linked to post‐fire forest structure would improve our ability to predict bee abundance and species richness when compared to satellite‐based maps of burn severity. To test this hypothesis, we sampled wild bee communities within the Douglas Fire Complex in southwestern Oregon, USA. We then used LiDAR and Landsat data to quantify forest structure and burn severity, respectively, across bee sampling locations. We found that the LiDAR forest structure model was the best predictor of abundance, whereas the Landsat burn severity model had better predictive ability for species richness. Furthermore, the Landsat burn severity model was better at predicting the presence and species richness of bumble bees (Bombus spp.), an ecologically distinct and economically important group within the Pacific Northwest. We posit that the divergent responses of the two modeling approaches are due to distinct responses by bee taxa to variation in forest structure as mediated by wildfire, with bumble bees in particular depending on closed‐canopy forest for some portions of their life cycle. Our study demonstrates that LiDAR data can provide information regarding the drivers of bee abundance in post‐wildfire conifer forest, and that both remote sensing approaches are useful for predicting components of wild bee diversity after large‐scale wildfire.
Synergetic Monitoring of both Physiological Pressure and Epidermal Biopotential Based on a Simplified on‐Skin‐Printed Sensor Modality
Authors: Song Yangyang , Ren Wenjuan , Zhang Yiqun , Liu Qi , Peng Zhen , Wu Xiaodong , Wang Zhuqing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFlexible electronic sensors show great potential for health monitoring but are usually limited to single sensing functionality. To enrich their functions, complicated device configurations, sophisticated material systems, and preparation processes are typically involved, obstructing their large‐scale deployment and widespread application. Herein, to achieve a good balance between simplicity and multifunctionality, a new paradigm of sensor modality for both mechanical sensing and bioelectrical sensing is presented based on a single material system and a simple solution processing approach. The whole multifunctional sensors are constructed with a pair of highly conductive ultrathin electrodes (WPU/MXene‐1) and an elastic micro‐structured mechanical sensing layer (WPU/MXene‐2), with the human skin serving as the substrate for the whole sensors. The resultant sensors show high pressure sensitivity and low skin‐electrode interfacial impedance, enabling to synergetically monitor both physiological pressure (e.g., arterial pulse signals) and epidermal bioelectrical signals (including electrocardiograph and electromyography). The universality and extensibility of this methodology to construct multifunctional sensors with different material systems are also verified. This simplified sensor modality with enhanced multifunctionality provides a novel design concept to construct future smart wearables for health monitoring and medical diagnosis.
Co‐Solvent Electrolyte Design to Inhibit Phase Transition toward High Performance K+/Zn2+ Hybrid Battery
Authors: Chen Wei , Wu Jiahao , Fu Kai , Deng Zhaohui , Chen Xingbao , Cai Hongwei , Wu Xinfei , Xing Boyu , Luo Wen , Mai Liqiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractManganese hexacyanoferrate (MnHCF) is one of the most promising cathode materials for aqueous battery because of its non‐toxicity, high energy density, and low cost. But the phase transition from MnHCF to Zinc hexacyanoferrate (ZnHCF) and the larger Stokes radius of Zn2+ cause rapid capacity decay and poor rate performance in aqueous Zn battery. Hence, to overcome this challenge, a solvation structure of propylene carbonate (PC)‐trifluoromethanesulfonate (Otf)‐H2O is designed and constructed. A K+/Zn2+ hybrid battery is prepared using MnHCF as cathode, zinc metal as anode, KOTf/Zn(OTf)2 as the electrolyte, and PC as the co‐solvent. It is revealed that the addition of PC inhabits the phase transition from MnHCF to ZnHCF, broaden the electrochemical stability window, and inhibits the dendrite growth of zinc metal. Hence, the MnHCF/Zn hybrid co‐solvent battery exhibits a reversible capacity of 118 mAh g−1 and high cycling performance, with a capacity retention of 65.6% after 1000 cycles with condition of 1 A g−1. This work highlights the significance of rationally designing the solvation structure of the electrolyte and promotes the development of high‐energy‐density of aqueous hybrid ion batteries.
Ultra-High-Resolution Time-of-Flight MR-Angiography for the Noninvasive Assessment of Intracranial Aneurysms, Alternative to Preinterventional DSA?
Authors: Schubert Tilman , Husain Hakim Shakir , Thurner Patrick , Madjidyar Jawid , Barnaure Isabelle , Piccirelli Marco , Klarhöfer Markus , Schmidt Michaela , Speier Peter , Forman Christoph , Kulcsar Zsolt 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The 3D time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) at 3T shows high sensitivity for intracranial aneurysms but is inferior to three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) regarding aneurysm characteristics. We applied an ultra-high-resolution (UHR) TOF-MRA using compressed sensing reconstruction to investigate the diagnostic performance in preinterventional evaluation of intracranial aneurysms compared to conventional TOF-MRA and 3D-DSA.

Methods
In this study 17 patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms were included. Aneurysm dimensions, configuration, image quality and sizing of endovascular devices were compared between conventional TOF-MRA at 3T and UHR-TOF with 3D-DSA as gold standard. Quantitatively, contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) were compared between TOF-MRAs.

Results
On 3D-DSA, 25 aneurysms in 17 patients were detected. On conventional TOF, 23 aneurysms were detected (sensitivity: 92.6%). On UHR-TOF, 25 aneurysms were detected (sensitivity: 100%). Image quality was not significantly different between TOF and UHR-TOF (p = 0.17). Aneurysm dimension measurements were significantly different between conventional TOF (3.89 mm) and 3D-DSA (4.2 mm, p = 0.08) but not between UHR-TOF (4.12 mm) and 3D-DSA (p = 0.19). Irregularities and small vessels at the aneurysm neck were more frequently correctly depicted on UHR-TOF compared to conventional TOF. Comparison of the planned framing coil diameter and flow-diverter (FD) diameter revealed neither a statistically significant difference between TOF and 3D-DSA (coil p = 0.19, FD p = 0.45) nor between UHR-TOF and 3D-DSA (coil: p = 0.53, FD 0.33). The CNR was significantly higher in conventional TOF (p = 0.009).

Conclusion
In this pilot study, ultra-high-resolution TOF-MRA visualized all aneurysms and accurately depicted aneurysm irregularities and vessels at the base of the aneurysm comparably to DSA, outperforming conventional TOF. UHR-TOF with compressed sensing reconstruction seems to represent a non-invasive alternative to pre-interventional DSA for intracranial aneurysms.
Scattering for the Mass-Critical Nonlinear Klein–Gordon Equations in Three and Higher Dimensions
Authors: Cheng Xing , Guo Zihua , Masaki Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper we consider the mass-critical nonlinear Klein–Gordon equations in three and higher dimensions. We prove the dichotomy between scattering and blow-up below the ground state energy in the focusing case, and the energy scattering in the defocusing case. We use the concentration-compactness/rigidity method developed by C. E. Kenig and F. Merle. The main novelty from the work of R. Killip, B. Stovall, and M. Visan (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 364, 2012) is to approximate the large scale (low-frequency) profile by the solution of the mass-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation when the nonlinearity is not algebraic.
A Survey of Scattering Theory on Riemann Surfaces with Applications in Global Analysis and Geometry
Authors: Schippers Eric , Staubach Wolfgang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper gives an overview of our work on a scattering theory of one-forms and functions in a system of quasicircles on Riemann surfaces. It is rooted in an “overfare” process which takes a harmonic function on one side of the system of quasicircles to a harmonic function on the other side, with the same boundary values in a certain intrinsic non-tangential sense. This is bounded with respect to Dirichlet energy. If extra cohomological data is specified, one can apply this process to harmonic one-forms, and the resulting “scattering matrix” in terms of the holomorphic and anti-holomorphic components of the one-form is unitary. We describe applications to approximation theory, global analysis of singular integral operators on Riemann surfaces, and a new extension of the classical period map to surfaces of genus g with n boundary curves.
Applying to medical school with undiagnosed dyslexia: a collaborative autoethnography
Authors: Cornwell Megan , Shaw Sebastian Charles Keith 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent statistics found the prevalence of dyslexia in UK medical schools to be 7%, sitting below the national prevalence of 10%. The factors contributing to this discrepancy are currently unknown, but may result from an interplay of individual and systemic barriers to entering medicine. This collaborative, analytic autoethnography aimed to use the experiences of ‘Meg’, a fourth-year medical student who was diagnosed as dyslexic whilst at medical school, to explore how the lack of a diagnosis during the admissions process may have impacted her journey into medicine. The data were collected using reflective writing and an interview before conducting a thematic analysis. Our analysis resulted in the construction of two meta-themes, relating to the negative emotional impact of not having a diagnosis and feelings of inferiority. Seven themes were also constructed. Some explored how Meg’s personal experience of undiagnosed dyslexia acted as a barrier to entering medicine. Others explored the impact of external factors, such as socio-economic background and the provision of support, on an individual’s chance of successfully applying to medical school. Finally, we explored the inadvertent impact undiagnosed (and unrecognised) dyslexia had on Meg’s life course, including how medicine-specific aptitude tests, such as the BMAT and UKCAT, may have contributed to this. These results provide a unique window into the culture of applying to medical school as an undiagnosed dyslexic person, whilst discussing the need for medical schools to consider how their admissions processes may inadvertently disadvantage undiagnosed dyslexic applicants.