bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Internal Structure of the Derived Word in Kurdish Language According to the Morpheme-Based Model and the Word-Based Model
Authors: Hamed Sherwan Hussen , Hussein Shimal Zeki 
Published: March 2023

Word-formation is part of linguistics that deals with the internal structure of words. It aims at creating a theory in order to describe and explain the lexical structures of all languages. This has derived from the hypothesis that if grammar is the systematic language knowledge of an interlocutor, then possibly there could be a substructure hypothesized inside the grammar structure that explains the lexical knowledge of the interlocutor. Thus, this study has focused on both models, base-morpheme and base-word, which are one of the language models that have been pointed out in the frame of the school of production linguistics so as to analyze and interpret the lexical system of language.
This study, particularly, is based on the perspective of (Mark Aronoff, 1976) in the model of base-word. Also, in terms of base-morpheme, the perspective of (Morris Halle, 1973) has been taken into consideration. In fact, these two perspectives are considered the turning point in research on word-formation. Therefore, we have made attempts to analyze the structure of derivational words in the Kurdish language with reference to these two perspectives to obtain the morphological rules that exist in an orderly and abstract way in the cognitive parts of the native speakers of the Kurdish language. These rules are called the "pillars" of language because they are the foundation from which other elements are made.
Repercussions of Psychological Warfare in the Kurdish Party Newspapers
Authors: Rasul Bahroz Ali , Remadhan Omer Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

This research is part of the descriptive studies. It describes (psychological warfare) in the discourse of Kurdish political parties press.One of the most important goals of this research is to show the psychological warfare inside the political parties press. This research gets to a conclusion of the fact that(disinformation ) is at the top of psychological warfare which is about %41. The second one is (propaganda) which is about %27. And (Rumors) comes as the third one by %26.On the other hand, the research shows the sample studies that have been used as psychological warfare against activists and protesters. On the other hand, during election campaigns the Kurdish political party’s newspapers have used the psychological warfare against one another. The psychological warfare has been used against all the political parties that have been part of the government or an opposition.
Water problems in Dukan Dam
Authors: Awrahman Saman Yasin , Abdullah Hallat Rasheed 
Published: March 2023

Dukan Dam is located in the northeastern Kurdistan Region, 65 km northwest of the Sulaimani province center. It is divided into districts (Dukan, Pishdar, Ranya). In terms of Astronomical site, it is located between the two circles of latitude (36° 14' 00'') and (35° 57' 00'') north and the two longitudes (44° 04' 00'') and (44° 45' 00'') in the east.
To the east is Mount Sara in the Charmawan mountain range, in the north, the Assos Mountain Range, and Mount Kosrat is located in the south. Ranya city is located in the east. The towns of (Qaladze, Sangasar and Zharawa) are located in the eastern and northeastern parts of the lake. Its highest point is 516 meters above sea level.
The area of ​​the dam is (270km2). It is the largest dam in the Kurdistan Region in terms of area and volume. It has a capacity of 7 billion cubic meters of water, of which 0.7 billion cubic meters are dead.
The average rainfall was 594.6 mm. The average annual temperature is 21°C, and the yearly range is 34.7°C. Environmental pollution caused by humans on Dukan Dam is high, due to the mixing of sewage water from cities and towns that fall into the watershed of Dukan Dam as well as natural factors such as the rock composition of the area and floods. In this research, we emphasize the environmental issues of Dukan Dam, which are related to the natural and human problems that have been created for the dam or the dam has created for the place where it is built, in terms of water, floods, evaporation and other types of climate components, such as water, organisms, floods, evaporation and other types of weather, in terms of quantity and quality, water pollution is obvious in the dam and has damaged water and fish resources.
The Role of Religion in Peaceful Relations and the Trojan War Between Ancient Greece and Asia Minor
Authors: Abdullah Muhammadamin Ali , Hassan Snwr Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

The study is entitled “The role of religion in peaceful relations and the Trojan War between ancient Greece and Asia Minor” highlights the peaceful relations between Greece and Asia Minor from ancient times until the arrival of Alexander the Great, their un peaceful relations in the Battle of Trojan, the role and influence of religion in the formation of these relations the similarity of the gods and create colony and trading, Participating in the party and festivals, and The Battle of Trojan is also cited as an example of their non-peaceful relationship.
The study consists of an introduction and summary in both Kurdish and English, conclusions, list of sources and three discussions. The first topic is a historical brief about ancient Greece and Asia Minor and an introduction to religion, The second topic deals with the role of religion in the peaceful relations between ancient Greece and Asia Minor, The third topic account for the role of religion in the War of Trojan. This is in addition to presenting the findings of the study.
Kecerdasan Emosional Perempuan Kuwait dalam Novel â€™UyÅ«n â€™alas-SamÄâ€˜
Authors: Muasomah Muasomah 
Published: March 2023

This research aims to reveal the emotional intelligence of women in Kuwait society in the novel â€™UyÅ«n â€™alas-SamÄâ€˜ by QumÄsyah al-â€™AlyÄn. This study uses an analysis of feminist literary criticism. The method used in this research is library research. Meanwhile, emotional intelligence in the beginning is a person's ability in motivating themselves and respond to the mood appropriately. There are five major regions in emotional intelligence, they are recognizing emotions, managing emotions, motivating oneself, recognizing emotions in others, and build relationships. A person's ability against those regions can be different from each other. The results showed that woman who is reflected in this novel has high emotional intelligence despite living in a family with Kuwaiti backgrounds who tend to be patriarchal. However, supported by emotional intelligence, the woman character in this novel is able to survive and rise from the slump she experienced. From the five major regions of emotional intelligence, the woman in the novel is able to recognize emotions properly, manage emotions, motivate oneself, recognize emotions in others, and build relationships. As for the main five regions of emotional intelligence of woman in this novel which tend to be higher is the ability to motivate her self to the problem.
Pola Relasi Gender dalam Keluarga Nikah Siri
Authors: Jalaludin Akhmad , Sofiani Triana 
Published: March 2023

Tulisan ini menganalisis tentang praktik nikah siri dan pola relasi gender suami-istri yang menikah secara siri di Kota Pekalongan. Argumentasi teoritik yang selama ini dikembangkan oleh masyarakat lokal Kota Pekalongan adalah bahwa hukum nikah siri sama dengan nikah resmi yang dicatatkan. Penelitian kualitatif berperspektif gender ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan studi literer. Teknik pengecekan kredibilitas data menggunakan triangulasi dan analisis menggunakan model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya beberapa model nikah siri di Kota Pekalongan, yaitu melakukan akad nikah sebagaimana pernikahan resmi, bedanya hanya terletak pada tidak adanya petugas Pegawai Pencatan Nikah, datang ke rumah kiai bersama dengan wali dan saksi, dan akad nikah dilakukan di rumah kiai dengan sembunyi-sembunyi. Adapun penyebab nikah siri di Kota Pekalongan yaitu karena takut dosa, menghindari zina, kesulitan ekonomi, poligami yang tidak diizinkan istri, hamil di luar nikah, belum ada biaya untuk menikah resmi dan pemahaman tentang makna nikah. Praktik nikah siri berdampak pada perempuan dan anak. Pola relasi gender dalam keluarga nikah siri di Kota Pekalongan, berbentuk pola relasi pseudo vertikal-hierarkhis, di mana suami memiliki kedudukan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan istri, suami memiliki kekuatan untuk mengatur dan mengambil keputusan dalam rumah tangga (subordinasi), namun peran, fungsi, dan tanggung jawab suami tidak dijalankan secara maksimal, atau terjadi penyimpangan peran, fungsi, dan tanggung jawab. Oleh karena itu, perlu dibangun kesadaran bagi pelaku nikah siri agar terwujud pola relasi yang adil dan setara gender.
Gender Mainstreaming in Coastal Zoning and Its Effect on the Economic Resilience of Coastal Communities
Authors: Rosyada Kasta , Setiani Masaji Faiz Dani Agus , Juanita Merisa Dwi 
Published: March 2023

Women’s contributions and roles in coastal communities are frequently overlooked. Through a gender-based empowerment strategy, gender-based coastal zoning can result in an integrated and long-lasting implementation of coastal area management and increase coastal community resilience. This paper aims to emphasize the need of considering the demands and behaviors of women and to determine the effect of gender mainstreaming in coastal zoning on coastal area resilience. The method used in this paper is descriptive research as to conduct the potential for conducting analysis related to the role of women in coastal areas, the tools used by researchers is zoning method based on the results of the literature study, the trend of gender involvement in coastal and marine areas is still dominated by men (64%) and women (36%). The findings in this study shows Both women and men have different roles and it is undeniable that they are still interrelated in exploring fishery and marine resources. The economic resilience of coastal communities (fishers) is highly dependent on the presence of fish. The existence of fish is highly dependent on the presence of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and non-mangrove forests or coastal forests as green belts. There is a causal relationship between fish and their environment, the role of women in coastal areas is mostly found in inland coastal areas with the types of activities of production, product processing, marketing, and resources collection, the efforts to close the gap are to use the use of marine spatial planning by defining the use of space and traditional user rights through the participation of women to make them more empowered.
PEREMPUAN DAN POLIGAMI DI INDONESIA ( Memotret Sejarah Gerakan Perempuan Dalam Menentang Poligami )
Authors: Trigiyatno Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Polygamous marriage has been practicing in various society and nation in this world. It is almost without suing and oposition at least to end of century XIX. But in the beginning of century XX, voices having side rejection and oposition to polygamy starts heard, especially from various woman movements. Later, polygyny has been limited with several conditions as we found on the Marriage Act 1/1974. This legal requirement, basically as a compromise attitude between gender actifist in one side and tradisionalist or fundamentalist ulama on the other side. So, it is notÂ surprising if nowdays, polygamy still debateable.
BURUH PEREMPUAN DI TENGAH KUBANGAN PARA KORUPTOR
Authors: Sofiani Triana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract : The Center of hegemony, which is built on the common valuesÂ common interests between the rulers and capitalists who incidentally are in the sex of "males", makes women workers turn out to be worse in the encirclement of the corruptors. In fact, corruption that is rampant in this country, become a series of chains of the impoverishment of women workers, therefore women workers are affected by the domino effect as caused by the corrupts. Hence, the real movement against corruption on the basis of the women becomes an urging agenda to be realized immediately, in order to give effective contribution as linked to the rampant corruption in the country and also its impact on women workers. Abstrak : Pusat hegemoni, yang dibangun di atas nilai-nilai umum kepentingan bersama antara penguasa dan kapitalis yang notabene berada di jenis kelamin "laki-laki", membuat pekerja perempuan berubah menjadi lebih buruk dalam pengepungan dari para koruptor. Bahkan, korupsi yang merajalela di negeri ini, menjadi serangkaian rantai pemiskinan pekerja perempuan, oleh karena itu pekerja perempuan dipengaruhi oleh efek domino yang disebabkan oleh korup. Oleh karena itu, gerakan nyata melawan korupsi atas dasar perempuan menjadi agenda mendesak untuk segera diwujudkan, untuk memberikan kontribusi yang efektif terkait dengan korupsi yang merajalela di negeri ini dan juga dampaknya terhadap pekerja perempuan.
SIKAP MASYARAKAT KUDUS TERHADAP UNDANG-UNDANG TENTANG PENGHAPUSAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Listiana Anisa , Widjanarko M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract :Â This study is about PKDRT law. It gives us information that domestic violence is a real thing that happens in our society, especially in Kudus. On the one hand, civil society actually has a formula to prevent the authority and rights of their family life with PKDRT (legal elimination of domestic violence) law. On the other hand, the government has a responsibility to eliminate violence, force and coercion in family life as referred to in 11, 12 and 13 of Law No. 23 of 2004. But the most important thing is that the courage of society to show concern and the seriousness of the government to take action when violence occurs. This research shows that domestic violence is a result of power imbalance between the weak dan the strong in our society where many women that represent the weak became a victim. Abstrak : Penelitian ini adalah tentang hukum PKDRT. Ini memberi kita informasi bahwa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah hal nyata yang terjadi dalam masyarakat kita, terutama di Kudus. Di satu sisi, masyarakat sipil sebenarnya memiliki formula untuk mencegah wewenang dan hak-hak kehidupan keluarga mereka dengan PKDRT (penghapusan hukum kekerasan dalam rumah tangga) hukum. Di sisi lain, pemerintah memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menghapus kekerasan, kekuatan dan pemaksaan dalam kehidupan keluarga sebagaimana dimaksud dalam 11, 12 dan 13 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004. Tapi yang paling penting adalah bahwa keberanian masyarakat untuk menunjukkan perhatian dan keseriusan pemerintah untuk mengambil tindakan saat terjadi kekerasan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah hasil dari ketidakseimbangan kekuatan antara lemah Dan yang kuat dalam masyarakat kita di mana banyak wanita yang mewakili lemah menjadi korban.
PEREMPUAN DALAM PANDANGAN AGAMA (Studi Jender dalam Perspektif Islam)
Authors: Abbas Abbas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract : The discourse of gender is an issue that can not be avoided as warm and engaging conversation. Many times a woman to occupy an important position hindered simply because she was a woman. For example, Megawati Soekarno Putri had thwarted attempted to become president when the president of the Republic of Indonesia succession under the pretext she was a woman. The desire to fail this by using religious justification quoting verses from the Qur'an and the hadiths of the Prophet. Sometimes used religion as a shield to strengthen the argument for the sake of group opinion. Therefore, this article tries to discuss about religious views on gender, particularly the Islamic perspective in the context of the role of women in society. Then also track views of scholars on the subject. Keywords : Women, Gender, Religion, Islam.Abstrak : Wacana gender merupakan isu yang tidak dapat dihindari karena merupakan perbincangan hangat dan menarik. Banyak kasus seorang wanita terhalang menduduki posisi penting hanya karena dia adalah seorang wanita. Sebagai contoh, Megawati Soekarno Putri yang dijagalÂ untuk menjadi presiden dalam proses suksesi Presiden Republik Indonesia dengan dalih dia adalah seorang wanita. Keinginan untuk menggagalkanÂ ini justru didasarkan pada justifikasi agama mengutip ayat-ayat dari AlQur'an dan hadits. Agama dijadikan perisai untuk memperkuat argumen demikepentinganÂ pendapat kelompok. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini mencoba untuk membahas tentang pandangan agama tentang gender, khususnya perspektif Islam dalam konteks peran perempuan dalam masyarakat. Selain itu juga akanÂ melacak pandangan ulama tentang hal ini.
PEREMPUAN-PEREMPUAN PEJUANG HAK-HAK FEMINIS DALAM ALQURAN
Authors: Azzuhri Muhandis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract : Feminism as a movement at the beginning of the movement is seen as a common ground for all the human race especially between men and women. The concept assumes that Islamic feminism as a construct of thought is a struggle for women's equality with men but not on the sexual aspect of his or her gender aspects as fellow creatures of God. However, women still have to accompany the man or husband whenever and wherever they may be in a sense of joy and sorrow. Khair Umm wife of Abu Lahab, the wife of Nuh and the wife of Prophet Lut As, As a symbol of women negatively in the Alquran, while Asyiyah wife of Firâ€™aun,Â Siti Hawa, Siti Sarah, Siti Hajar and Queen Bilqis is a symbol of positive women in the Al Qur'an. Abstrak : Feminisme sebagai sebuah gerakan pada awal gerakan dipandang sebagai landasan bersama bagi semua umat manusia terutama antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Konsep ini mengasumsikan bahwa feminisme Islam sebagai konstruksi pemikiran adalah perjuangan untuk kesetaraan perempuan dengan laki-laki, tetapi tidak pada aspek seksual dari atau aspek-aspek gender sebagai sesama makhluk Tuhan. Namun, perempuan masih harus menemani laki-laki atau suami kapanpun dan dimanapun mereka berada dalam rasa suka dan duka. Khair Umm istri Abu Lahab, istri Nuh dan istri Nabi Luth As, Sebagai simbol perempuan negatif dalam Alquran, sementara Asyiyah istri Fir'aun, Siti Hawa, Siti Sarah, Siti Hajar dan Ratu Bilqis adalah simbol positif di Al Qur'an.
KEPEMIMPINAN KELUARGA DALAM AL-QUR'AN (KAJIAN SURAT AL-NISA' [4]: 34)
Authors: Rokhman Taufik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract : The rijalÂ word is a symbol of leadershipÂ (alqowwam) for nisa' . Rijal top leadership Nisa 'is based on the primacy (al-fadhalah) and financial support (nafaqah). The use of the word rijal and nisa' in this paragraph is semantically not emphasize the biological significance of the reference to sex, but the leadership of a person's character and social function. Semiotic elements in the lexicon rijal, qowwamun and the masculine pronoun hum ( Ù‡ï»¢ ) demonstrate leadership character (al-qawwam) is generally more dominant in the self-contained men from the women. It is by no means a necessity leadership of men over women in the family. Abstrak : Kata Rijal adalah simbol kepemimpinan (alqowwam) untuk nisa'. Rijal kepemimpinan atas Nisa 'didasarkan pada keutamaan (al-fadhalah) dan dukungan keuangan (nafaqah). Penggunaan kata Rijal dan nisa 'dalam ayat ini semantis tidak menekankan signifikansi biologis referensi seks, tapi kepemimpinan karakter seseorang dan fungsi sosial. Unsur semiotik dalam leksikon Rijal, qowwamun dan maskulin ganti hum (Ù‡ï»¢) menunjukkan karakter kepemimpinan (al-qawwa m) umumnya lebih dominan pada laki-laki mandiri dari perempuan. Hal ini tidak berarti kepemimpinan kebutuhan lakilaki atas perempuan dalam keluarga.
HAK IMAMAH SHALAT BAGI PEREMPUAN (Antara Misi Pembebasan Alquran Dan Belenggu Mazhab Fikih)
Authors: Fadal Kurdi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract :This paper examines the right for women as imam prayer for men in the Quranic and Islamic jurisprudence (school of thouht) perspectives. Based on the mission of Quranic liberation, every man and woman has the right that can not be limited by gender status, because Alquran gives equal rights for each to worship and to be devout to God, including as an imam prayer for men. However, the four schools of fiqh (Hanafian, Malikian, Syafi'ian, and Hanabilan) expressed otherwise. They stated that woman should not to be as an imam prayer of men. Although small fraction of fuqaha permited that action, but the mainstrem of Islamic school of thought is more widely supported by the majority of Muslim community and at a time itÂ shackle them. The shackle is influenced by religious texts positioning women as root of slander. The factor is compounded by the historical fact that the interpretation of religious texts is merely dominated by men. Abstrak : Makalah ini membahas hak bagi perempuan sebagai imam shalat bagi laki-lakiÂ dalam hukum Quran dan Islam (sekolah thouht) perspektif. Berdasarkan misi pembebasanÂ Quran, setiap pria dan wanita memiliki hak yang tidak dapat dibatasi oleh statusnya jenisÂ kelamin, karena Alquran memberikan hak yang sama untuk masing-masing untukÂ menyembah dan menjadi taat kepada Allah, termasuk sebagai doa imam bagi laki-laki.Â Namun, empat sekolah fiqh (Hanafian, Malikian, Syafi'ian, dan Hanabilan) menyatakanÂ sebaliknya. Mereka menyatakan bahwa wanita tidak seharusnya menjadi sebagai doa imamÂ laki-laki. Meskipun sebagian kecil dari fuqaha permited tindakan itu, tapi mainstremÂ sekolah Islam pemikiran lebih luas didukung oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Muslim danÂ pada waktu itu membelenggu mereka. Belenggu dipengaruhi oleh teks-teks agamaÂ memposisikan perempuan sebagai akar fitnah. Faktor ini diperparah oleh fakta sejarahÂ bahwa penafsiran teks-teks agama hanya didominasi oleh laki-laki.