bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cardiorespiratory response and physiological determinants of the 6‐min handbike cycle test in healthy children: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Torres‐Puebla Gerardo , Poblete Pedro , Rodríguez‐Núñez Iván , Báez Claudio , Muñoz‐Pareja Maritza , Zenteno Daniel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe submaximal tests are used to measure aerobic capacity and correlate with activities of daily living in chronic patients. The 6‐min handbike cycle test (6mhct) was created for nonambulatory subjects, but there are no reference values to quantify and classify the cardiorespiratory fitness of children in this condition.Objective(s)Generate 6mhct reference values and determine predictive variables in a population of Chilean children between 8 and 13 years old.Materials and MethodsCross‐sectional study. Sampling for convenience, stratified by age. Evaluation of anthropometric variables, handgrip strength, heart rate (HR), effort perception, and blood pressure were performed, then the 6mhct was applied. Descriptive statistics, Student'st test and Mann–WhitneyUtest, correlation coefficient, and regression equation were used to estimate the total revolutions by age, being significantp < 0.05.ResultsWere evaluated 120 children homogeneously distributed by age. The total revolutions performed by boys and girls were 861.4 ± 102.9 and 771.8 ± 90.2, respectively (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between total revolutions and age (r = .52), weight (r = .29), height (r = .46), average UULL (length of the upper limb) length (r = .44), average handgrip strength (r = .53), peak HR (r = .67), recovery HR (r = .44), and HR reserve (r = .72). The regression equation was established.ConclusionsThese results can be used as preliminary reference values for the 6mhct in Chilean children from 8 to 13 years old. Handgrip strength, age, peak HR, and HR reserve influenced the performance of the 6mhct.
A Review of Psychocutaneous Disorders from a Psychotherapeutic Perspective—Toolkit for the Dermatologist
Authors: Zagami Mary , Klepper Edward , Wienecke Eric , Andrzejewski Maria , Sikder Ahmed , Ahmed Ali , Robinson Howard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The study of psychocutaneous disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach. It is of paramount importance that dermatologists understand the psychiatric premise for these disorders. Mental health professionals can also benefit from a better understanding of the dermatologic manifestations of psychiatric disorders they may encounter in their practice.

Aim
The aim of this study is to elevate the level of understanding regarding psychotherapeutic treatment of psychocutaneous disorders.

Methods
We performed a literature review using the major databases. Four researchers reviewed English, full text, peer-reviewed articles that were published after 2000 using our specific search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Results
The majority of psychocutaneous disorders seem to be clustered among three DSM-5 disorders: depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and obsessive-compulsive related disorders.

Conclusions
Better recognition of the underlying psychiatric comorbidities may lead to improved patient outcomes.
New Conceptual Catalyst on Spatial High‐Entropy Alloy Heterostructures for High‐Performance Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Zhang Peng , Hui Xiaobin , Nie Yingjian , Wang Rutao , Wang Chengxiang , Zhang Zhiwei , Yin Longwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys (HEAs) are attracting increased attention as an alternative to noble metals for various catalytic reactions. However, it is of great challenge and fundamental importance to develop spatial HEA heterostructures to manipulate d‐band center of interfacial metal atoms and modulate electron–distribution to enhance electrocatalytic activity of HEA catalysts. Herein, an efficient strategy is demonstrated to construct unique well‐designed HEAs spatial heterostructure electrocatalyst (HEA@Pt) as bifunctional cathode to accelerate oxygen reduction and evolution reaction (ORR/OER) kinetics for Li‐O2 batteries, where uniform Pt dendrites grow on PtRuFeCoNi HEA at a low angle boundary. Such atomically connected HEA spatial interfaces engender efficient electrons from HEA to Pt due to discrepancy of work functions, modulating electron distribution for fast interfacial electron transfer, and abundant active sites. Theoretical calculations reveal that electron redistribution manipulates d‐band center of interfacial metal atoms, allowing appropriate adsorption energy of oxygen species to lower ORR/OER reaction barriers. Hence, Li‐O2 battery based on HEA@Pt electrocatalyst delivers a minimal polarization potential (0.37 V) and long‐term cyclability (210 cycles) under a cut‐off capacity of 1000 mAh g−1, surpassing most previously reported noble metal‐based catalysts. This work provides significant insights on electron–modulation and d‐band center optimization for advanced electrocatalysts.
Hierarchical Nanospheres with Polycrystalline Ir&Cu and Amorphous Cu2O toward Energy‐Efficient Nitrate Electrolysis to Ammonia
Authors: Akram Muhammad Awais , Zhu Botao , Cai Jiahao , Qin Shuaibo , Hou Xiangdie , Jin Peng , Wang Feng , He Yunpeng , Li Xiaohong , Feng Lai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrochemical reduction reaction of nitrate (NITRR) provides a sustainable route toward the green synthesis of ammonia. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to achieve high‐performance electrocatalysts for NITRR especially at low overpotentials. In this work, hierarchical nanospheres consisting of polycrystalline Iridium&copper (Ir&Cu) and amorphous Cu2O (CuxIryOzNS) have been fabricated. The optimal species Cu0.86Ir0.14Ozdelivers excellent catalytic performance with a desirable NH3yield rate (YR) up to 0.423 mmol h−1 cm−2(or 4.8 mg h−1 mgcat−1) and a high NH3Faradaic efficiency (FE) over 90% at a low overpotential of 0.69 V (or 0 VRHE), where hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is almost negligible. The electrolyzer toward NITRR and hydrazine oxidation (HzOR) is constructed for the first time with an electrode pair of Cu0.86Ir0.14Oz//Cu0.86Ir0.14Oz, yielding a high energy efficiency (EE) up to 87%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the dispersed Ir atom provides active site that not only promotes the NO3−adsorption but also modulates the H adsorption/desorption to facilitate the proton supply for the hydrogenation of *N, hence boosting the NITRR. This work thus points to the importance of both morphological/structural and compositional engineering for achieving the highly efficient catalysts toward NITRR.
Versatile Magnetic Mesoporous Carbon Derived Nano‐Adsorbent for Synchronized Toxic Metal Removal and Bacterial Disinfection from Water Matrices
Authors: Saleem Atif , Chen Jingjie , Liu Meng , Liu Nian , Usman Muhammad , Wang Ke , Haris Muhammad , Zhang Yuezhou , Li Peng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractContamination of water resources by toxic metals and opportunistic pathogens remains a serious challenge. The development of nano‐adsorbents with desired features to tackle this problem is a continuously evolving field. Here, magnetic mesoporous carbon nanospheres grafted by antimicrobial polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) are reported. Detailed mechanistic investigations reveal that the electrostatic stabilizer modified magnetic nanocore interfaced mesoporous shell can be programmatically regulated to tune the size and related morphological properties. The core–shell nano‐adsorbent shows tailorable shell thickness (≈20–55 nm), high surface area (363.47 m2 g−1), pore volume (0.426 cm3 g−1), radially gradient pores (11.26 nm), and abundant biguanidine functionality. Importantly, the nano‐adsorbent has high adsorption capacity for toxic thallium (Tl(I) ions (≈559 mg g−1), excellent disinfection against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (>99.99% at 2 and 2.5 µg mL−1), ultrafast disinfection kinetics rate (>99.99% within ≈4 min), and remarkable regeneration capability when exposed to polluted water matrices. The Tl(I) removal is attributed to surface complexation and physical adsorption owing to open ended mesopores, while disinfection relies on contact of terminal biguanidines with phospholipid head groups of membrane. The significance of this work lies in bringing up effective synchronic water purification technology to combat pathogenic microorganisms and toxic metal.
Unconventional Shrinkage of Hot Electron Distribution in Metal Directly Visualized by Ultrafast Imaging
Authors: Gao Guoquan , Jiang Lan , Xue Bofeng , Yang Fei , Wang Ti , Wan Yan , Zhu Tong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElucidation of hot carrier transport and cooling mechanisms at the micro‐/nanoscale is critical for optoelectronics, thermal management, and photocatalysis. Spatiotemporal evolution of hot electrons is usually convoluted with their ultrafast dynamics. Herein, an ultrafast microscopy is employed to directly track the spatiotemporal distribution of photoexcited hot electrons, providing a transformative approach to unravel the competitive relationship of transport and cooling. In the temporal evolution profiles of hot electron distribution, an anomalous contracting stage showing obvious thickness and fluence dependency is observed, with a characteristic end time indicating the completion of electron–phonon (e‐ph) thermalization. Hot electron transport plays a prominent role in the competition with e‐ph coupling, while interfacial heat dissipation dominates nonequilibrium state evolution with thickness below ballistic length. This work significantly enriches the tool kit of ultrafast techniques and provides guidance for rational design and optimization of micro‐/nanodevices.
Association of an endemic leuciscid, the Sandhills Chub, with microhabitat features and watershed-level habitat characteristics
Authors: Herigan Garrett M. , Crane Derek P. , Scott Mark C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
Habitat alteration is the greatest threat to fishes globally, and freshwater fishes are particularly vulnerable to habitat alteration because freshwater ecosystems are more closely integrated with the human landscape than marine ecosystems. Headwater streams comprise the majority of stream length within a watershed and provide unique habitats for a variety of aquatic organisms, thus contributing to drainage wide species diversity by supporting many rare and endemic species. Unfortunately, because of their small size, headwater streams are particularly susceptible to the effects of habitat alteration and conversion of natural land cover to anthropogenically dominated landscapes. Therefore, understanding fish–habitat relationships is essential for conserving and restoring headwater species and their habitats. The Sandhills Chub Semotilus lumbee is a headwater specialist endemic to the Sandhills ecoregion in North Carolina and South Carolina. It has been extirpated from several locations in South Carolina; thus, quantitative information on abiotic habitat factors is needed to guide conservation and restoration efforts. The objective of this study was to produce a predictive model of Sandhills Chub occurrence using microhabitat features and watershed-level habitat characteristics.

Methods
Logistic regression was used to identify which habitat features were associated with the occurrence of Sandhills Chub. Habitat and fish data were collected between 2019 and 2020 at 115 sites within the South Carolina Sandhills.

Result
Sandhills Chub (total = 431) were collected at 41 out of 115 sites sampled. We observed that Sandhills Chub presence was positively associated with dissolved oxygen levels, instream cover, the percent of substrates between 6 and 11 mm, and elevation and was negatively related to the number of impoundments within each 12-digit hydrologic unit code.

Conclusion
The Sandhills Chub prefers streams that have high dissolved oxygen content, presence of instream cover, the substrates necessary to construct their pit-ridge nests, low numbers of impoundments on the streams, and higher elevations within the Sandhills. Results from this study will provide important information to guide management decisions for the future conservation and restoration of Sandhills Chub.
Isoliquiritigenin induces oxidative stress and immune response in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Su Yufang , Fang Lei , Zhong Kaili , Wang Ting , Bao Mingjie , Zhou Ting , Zhu Yuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIsoliquiritigenin (ISL) is used in many households' personal hygiene and medicinal products, and the average human daily ISL exposure is 1–2 mg/kg. However, the molecular mechanisms of ISL toxicity in zebrafish embryos have not been fully elucidated. We investigated whether exposure to ISL induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in zebrafish. And exposure to ISL significantly affects the expression of immune response‐related genes in zebrafish embryos following oxidative stress and the release of pro‐inflammatory mediators through Toll‐like receptor signaling.
Calculation of emission spectra of lithium compounds
Authors: Hassebi Khalil , Le Guen Karine , Rividi Nicolas , Verlaguet Anne , Jonnard Philippe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe studied the electronic structure of lithium metal, lithium fluoride, and spodumene using density functional theory. We performed calculations of the total, local and partial density of states, and x‐ray emission spectra. We observed changes in the Li K spectra shape and energy position due to the chemical structure and composition modification. We also outline possible interferences between emission bands.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Calcium Diborane(6) and Diboranate Derivatives
Authors: Shere Henry T. W. , Hill Michael S. , Neale Samuel E. , Mahon Mary F. , McMullin Claire L. , Wilson Andrew S. S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMolecular β‐diketiminato (BDI) calcium hydride and n‐hexyl derivatives are shown to display contrasting reactivities toward bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2pin2). Whereas the dimeric constitution of the calcium hydride is retained during formation of an unusual diborane(6) dianion, the initially dimeric organocalcium reagent is converted to a calcium diboranate monomer, [(BDI)Ca{pinB‐Bpin(n‐hex)}]. Attempts to effect heterolysis of the B−B bond of this latter species in a manner reminiscent of a previously reported magnesium system were unsuccessful and resulted in either dismutation to the homoleptic β‐diketiminate, [(BDI)2Ca], or, in the case of organic nitriles, the generation of N‐donor adduct derivatives, [(BDI)Ca(NCR){pinB‐Bpin(n‐hex)}] (R=t‐Bu, i‐Pr, o‐tol). This latter reactivity again contrasts with the previously reported behaviour of an analogous magnesium diboranate, observations that are rationalised by density functional theory (DFT) calculations to be effectively a consequence of the larger radius and lower resultant steric congestion, of the third‐row group 2 cation.
Theorizing and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Patzelt Holger 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBuilding theories is essential for advancing knowledge of entrepreneurship. But it is also a highly challenging task. Although there is a burgeoning literature that offers many theorizing tools, we lack a coherent understanding of how these tools fit together—when to use a particular tool, and which combination of tools can be used in the theorizing process. This article organizes a systematic review of the literature on theory building around the five critical elements of a good story: conflict, character, setting, sequence, and plot and arc. In doing so, we hope to provide a richer understanding of how specific tools facilitate aspects of the theorizing process and offer a clearer big picture of the process of building important new entrepreneurship theories. We also offer pragmatic empirical theorizing as an approach that uses quantitative empirical findings to stimulate theorizing on entrepreneurial anomalies.
Anthropomorphizing for Entrepreneurial Theorizing
Authors: Shepherd Dean A. , Patzelt Holger 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite admonishments that anthropomorphizing represents a serious error in scientific thinking, we show that anthropomorphizing has been a critically important tool for developing influential theories in entrepreneurship. Analyzing the literatures related to an organization’s entrepreneurial orientationand organizational knowledge reveals how scholars build on their rich and highly accessible understanding of humans (i.e., the self and others) to (1) make guesses and sense of entrepreneurial anomalies at the organizational level, (2) articulate theoretical mechanisms to build more robust entrepreneurship theories, and (3) create plausible stories that facilitate sensegiving to editors, reviewers, and other audiences. However, anthropomorphizing does not always lead to such positive outcomes. We conclude the chapter with a discussion of the conditions under which entrepreneurship scholars’ anthropomorphizing will be more or less effective.
Nitration of chemokine CXCL8 acts as a natural mechanism to limit acute inflammation
Authors: Thompson Sarah , Pang Chong Yun , Sepuru Krishna Mohan , Cambier Seppe , Hellyer Thomas P. , Scott Jonathan , Simpson A. John , Proost Paul , Kirby John A. , Rajarathnam Krishna , Sheerin Neil S. , Ali Simi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChemokine CXCL8 is a key facilitator of the human host immune response, mediating neutrophil migration, and activation at the site of infection and injury. The oxidative burst is an important effector mechanism which leads to the generation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), including peroxynitrite. The current study was performed to determine the potential for nitration to alter the biological properties of CXCL8 and its detection in human disease. Here, we show peroxynitrite nitrates CXCL8 and thereby regulates neutrophil migration and activation. The nitrated chemokine was unable to induce transendothelial neutrophil migration in vitro and failed to promote leukocyte recruitment in vivo. This reduced activity is due to impairment in both G protein-coupled receptor signaling and glycosaminoglycan binding. Using a novel antibody, nitrated CXCL8 was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from patients with pneumonia. These findings were validated by mass spectrometry. Our results provide the first direct evidence of chemokine nitration in human pathophysiology and suggest a natural mechanism that limits acute inflammation.
Galactic cosmic radiation exposure causes multifaceted neurocognitive impairments
Authors: Alaghband Yasaman , Klein Peter M. , Kramár Eniko A. , Cranston Michael N. , Perry Bayley C. , Shelerud Lukas M. , Kane Alice E. , Doan Ngoc-Lien , Ru Ning , Acharya Munjal M. , Wood Marcelo A. , Sinclair David A. , Dickstein Dara L. , Soltesz Ivan , Limoli Charles L. , Baulch Janet E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTechnological advancements have facilitated the implementation of realistic, terrestrial-based complex 33-beam galactic cosmic radiation simulations (GCR Sim) to now probe central nervous system functionality. This work expands considerably on prior, simplified GCR simulations, yielding new insights into responses of male and female mice exposed to 40–50 cGy acute or chronic radiations relevant to deep space travel. Results of the object in updated location task suggested that exposure to acute or chronic GCR Sim induced persistent impairments in hippocampus-dependent memory formation and reconsolidation in female mice that did not manifest robustly in irradiated male mice. Interestingly, irradiated male mice, but not females, were impaired in novel object recognition and chronically irradiated males exhibited increased aggressive behavior on the tube dominance test. Electrophysiology studies used to evaluate synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1 region revealed significant reductions in long-term potentiation after each irradiation paradigm in both sexes. Interestingly, network-level disruptions did not translate to altered intrinsic electrophysiological properties of CA1 pyramidal cells, whereas acute exposures caused modest drops in excitatory synaptic signaling in males. Ultrastructural analyses of CA1 synapses found smaller postsynaptic densities in larger spines of chronically exposed mice compared to controls and acutely exposed mice. Myelination was also affected by GCR Sim with acutely exposed mice exhibiting an increase in the percent of myelinated axons; however, the myelin sheathes on small calibur (< 0.3 mm) and larger (> 0.5 mm) axons were thinner when compared to controls. Present findings might have been predicted based on previous studies using single and mixed beam exposures and provide further evidence that space-relevant radiation exposures disrupt critical cognitive processes and underlying neuronal network-level plasticity, albeit not to the extent that might have been previously predicted.
Generalized Henneberg Stable Minimal Surfaces
Authors: Moya David , Pérez Joaquín 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe generalize the classical Henneberg minimal surface by giving an infinite family of complete, finitely branched, non-orientable, stable minimal surfaces in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

R

3

. These surfaces can be grouped into subfamilies depending on a positive integer (called the complexity), which essentially measures the number of branch points. The classical Henneberg surface $$H_1$$

H
1

is characterized as the unique example in the subfamily of the simplest complexity $$m=1$$

m
=
1

, while for $$m\ge 2$$

m
≥
2

multiparameter families are given. The isometry group of the most symmetric example $$H_m$$

H
m

with a given complexity $$m\in \mathbb {N}$$

m
∈
N

is either isomorphic to the dihedral isometry group $$D_{2m+2}$$

D

2
m
+
2

(if m is odd) or to $$D_{m+1}\times \mathbb {Z}_2$$

D

m
+
1

×

Z
2

(if m is even). Furthermore, for m even $$H_m$$

H
m

is the unique solution to the Björling problem for a hypocycloid of $$m+1$$

m
+
1

cusps (if m is even), while for m odd the conjugate minimal surface $$H_m^*$$

H
m
∗

to $$H_m$$

H
m

is the unique solution to the Björling problem for a hypocycloid of $$2m+2$$

2
m
+
2

cusps.