bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported outcomes following selpercatinib treatment in Chinese patients with advanced RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer and thyroid cancer, and RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer in the phase II LIBRETTO-321 trial
Authors: Lu Shun , Zheng Xiangqian , Sun Yuping , Huang Dingzhi , Wu Lin , Ji Qinghai , Zhou Chengzhi , Zhou Jianying , Guo Ye , Ge Minghua , Ding Ding , Shao Jingxin , Zhang Wanli , Gao Ming , Cheng Ying 
Published: August 2023

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are increasingly becoming an important part of clinical trials as they are helpful in analyzing the safety and efficacy of treatment in chronic diseases like cancer. Objectives: We report PROs and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with selpercatinib treatment among Chinese patients with rearranged in transfection ( RET) fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer (TC), and RET-mutant medullary TC (MTC) as an exploratory analysis of the LIBRETTO-321 trial. Design: A total of 77 patients (47 RET fusion-positive NSCLC, 1 RET fusion-positive TC, and 29 RET-mutant MTC) were enrolled. Compliance for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) was 100% at baseline and >90% at each time point. Methods: PROs were assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30, and a bowel diary assessment for MTC patients with baseline diarrhea using the Systemic Therapy-Induced Diarrhea Assessment Tool. Data were collected at pre-dose; every 8 weeks from cycle 3; and every 12 weeks after cycle 13. A >10-point change from baseline was considered clinically meaningful. PRO changes were summarized through cycle 13. Results: Most patients with NSCLC or MTC showed improvement or remained stable on the global health status and functional subscales. For global health status, 47.4% of NSCLC and MTC patients showed definite improvement with only 19.7% showing definite worsening. For functional subscales, less than 30% of the patients showed definite worsening. For symptom subscales, more than 64% of the patients either improved or remained stable for the symptoms. For MTC patients with bowel diary assessment ( n = 5), there was no severity or worsening from baseline in the diarrheal episodes observed during treatment with selpercatinib. Conclusion: The study demonstrated favorable PROs in Chinese patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC, TC, and RET-mutant MTC treated with selpercatinib. HRQoL was improved or stable as assessed by EORTC QLQ-30. Trail registration: This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04280081 ) ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04280081.
Dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases
Authors: Waldecker-Gall Sabina , Seibert Felix , Bertram Sebastian , Doevelaar Adrian , Braun Jürgen , Baraliakos Xenofon , Babel Nina , Waldecker Christoph , Scharow Linda , Pagonas Nikolaos , Westhoff Timm H. 
Published: August 2023

Background: The mechanism explaining low cholesterol concentrations in chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease (CIRD) is incompletely understood. We hypothesized that chronic inflammation impairs the functionality of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), for example, by oxidative processes. Objectives: Assessment of oxidized HDL (HDLox), a marker of dysfunctional HDL, in newly diagnosed patients with CIRD before and after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy and comparison of HDLox values of patients with CIRD to non-CIRD controls. Design: Prospective observational trial. Methods: The study was conducted on 44 newly diagnosed CIRD patients, who were initiated on immunosuppressive therapy (baseline). A total of 136 patients without CIRD served as control. Lipid profiles including HDLox levels and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in both groups at baseline. In CIRD patients, measurements were repeated 12 weeks after baseline. Validated outcome tools for disease activity and function were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Results: A total of 33 (75%) patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 7(16%) with axial spondyloarthritis, and 4 (9%) with systemic lupus erythematosus were included. Groups were comparable for age and BMI. CIRD patients had higher HDLox concentrations (1.57 versus 0.78, p = 0.02) and tended to have lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and cholesterol concentrations compared to controls. HDLox (1.57 versus 1.4, p = 0.26) and CRP levels (2.1 versus 0.7 mg/dl, p < 0.01) decreased in CIRD patients from baseline to follow-up. Conclusion: CIRD is associated with an impairment of the anti-inflammatory properties of HDL as reflected by an increase in HDLox concentrations. This effect may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk in chronic inflammatory diseases.
An optimized 1.5 Tesla MRI protocol of the brachial plexus
Authors: Felisaz Paolo Florent , Napolitano Angela , Terrani Simone , Parisi Carmelo , Toto-Brocchi Marco , Cè Maurizio , Alessandrino Francesco , Oliva Giancarlo , Cellina Michaela , Gerevini Simonetta 
Published: August 2023

Purpose Creating an effective MRI protocol for examining the brachial plexus poses significant challenges, and despite the abundance of protocols in the literature, there is a lack of reference standards for basic sequences and essential parameters needed for replication. The aim of this study is to establish a reproducible 1.5 T brachial plexus imaging protocol, including patient positioning, coil selection, imaging planes, and essential sequence parameters. Methods We systematically investigated MRI sequences, testing each parameter through in vivo experiments, examining their effects on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), visual quality scores, and acquisition time. Sequences were refined based on optimal quality and timing scores. The final protocol was tested on scanners from two other vendors for reliability. Results The final protocol included a combination of 2D turbo-spin-echo and 3D SPACE T1, SPACE STIR, and VIBE DIXON sequences. Recommendations for imaging planes, phase encoding, field of view, TR, TE, resolution, number of slices, slice thickness, fat and blood suppression, and acceleration strategies are provided. The protocol was successfully translated to other vendor's scanners with comparable quality. Conclusion We present an optimized protocol detailing the essential parameters for reproducibility. Our comprehensive list of experiments describes the impact of each parameter on image quality and scan time, addressing common artifacts and potential solutions. This protocol can benefit both young radiologists new to the field and experienced professionals seeking to refine their existing protocols.
Prospective Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Surgical Versus Nonsurgical Treatment for Acute Rockwood Type 3 Acromioclavicular Injury
Authors: Tauber Mark , Hoffelner Thomas , Lehmann Lars , Kraus Natascha , Scheibel Markus , Moroder Philipp 
Published: August 2023

Background: Evidence for the superiority of surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of Rockwood type 3 acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation is still lacking. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that surgical treatment will outperform nonsurgical treatment. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A prospective randomized trial involving 4 study centers was performed from January 1, 2011, to March 31, 2016. A total of 85 patients with acute Rockwood type 3 ACJ dislocations were allocated randomly to receive either nonsurgical or surgical treatment. A total of 70 patients were treated as allocated, and 8 patients made an early crossover from nonsurgical to surgical treatment, leaving 47 patients treated surgically and 31 patients nonsurgically. All patients were followed up longitudinally, including clinical evaluation using the Constant score and standardized radiographic evaluation, with final follow-up after 2 years. Results: At no follow-up time point was there a significant difference in Constant score between the surgically and nonsurgically treated patients. Radiographic analysis showed not only an inferior coracoclavicular distance at all follow-up points for surgical treatment but also a higher incidence of posttraumatic osteoarthritis and heterotopic ossifications, without any negative clinical correlation. With regard to complications, 1 patient (3%) in the nonsurgical group underwent secondary surgical ACJ stabilization. The revision rate after surgical treatment was 17% ( P < .001). Neither primary horizontal instability nor younger age were associated with inferior clinical outcomes after nonsurgical treatment. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of ACJ Rockwood type 3 injuries did not lead to superior functional outcomes. Neither younger age nor horizontal instability were associated with inferior outcomes after nonsurgical treatment. Surgical treatment led to a slower recovery and to higher complication and revision rates. Registration: ISRCTN registry (study ID: ISRCTN92265154).
Prophylactic Knee Bracing in Offensive Linemen of the National Football League: A Retrospective Analysis of Usage Trends, Player Performance, and Major Knee Injury
Authors: Ackerman Devon R. , Ptasinski Anna M. , Edmond Travis , Dunleavy Mark L. , Gallo Robert A. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Offensive linemen in American football are prone to high-energy valgus forces to the knee, leading to associated injuries. Some offensive linemen in the National Football League (NFL) wear prophylactic knee braces (PKB) to prevent ligamentous injury. Purpose/Hypothesis: This purpose of the study was to compare injury rates and performance between NFL offensive linemen who wear PKB and those who do not. It was hypothesized that brace wear would be associated with fewer major knee injuries and no difference in gameplay performance. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: For the 2014 through 2020 NFL seasons, offensive linemen with at least 200 game snaps per regular season were identified. Players were grouped by PKB status (bracers vs nonbracers) based on visualization of bilateral, dual-hinged metal knee braces as part of gameday uniforms on publicly available imaging databases and/or game videos. Major knee injuries, defined as those requiring the missing of games, were identified using publicly available data. Performance was assessed with Pro Football Focus grades for each season. Rates of major knee injury were compared between groups with the 2-sample Z test for proportions, and performance grades were compared with the unpaired t test. Results: For the cumulative study period, bracers demonstrated a significantly lower rate of major knee injuries than nonbracers (0.013 vs 0.049 injuries per player, respectively; P = .04). Isolated MCL injury was the most common injury for nonbracers. There was no group difference in performance for the cumulative study period or during most individual seasons. Yearly prevalence of PKB usage declined steadily from 16.3% in 2014 to 5.6% in 2020. A subgroup analysis of rookie players demonstrated an overall downtrend in usage during the study period as well. Conclusion: Results indicated that knee brace prophylaxis by NFL offensive linemen was associated with a reduced risk of major knee injury without a significant difference in performance when compared with nonbracers. Despite this, the prevalence of PKB declined over the study period.
Medial Femoral Condyle Free Flap for Persistent Osseous Nonunion of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint: A Preliminary Report of a New Surgical Indication for the Medial Femoral Condyle Free Flap
Authors: Kaiser Dominik , Levin L. Scott 
Published: August 2023

Background: Recalcitrant or persistent nonunions of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint occur following failed MTP surgery for MTP fusion, failed MTP prosthesis, for hallux rigidus or due to infection and erosion. A deficient soft tissue envelope and compromised vascular supply of tissues in this region compound further attempts to salvage the great toe and preserve function. The medial femoral condyle (MFC) free flap provides vascularized corticocancellous bone and periosteum and has been successfully used for a variety of complex hindfoot and ankle pathologies. We present an additional indication with a small cohort study demonstrating its use in persistent nonunions of the first MTP joint. Methods: A retrospective review was completed of all MFC flaps used for revision of failed first MTP joint fusion from January 2019 to November 2022. Demographic information, comorbidities, as well as clinical and radiologic follow-up was obtained from the patient charts. Results: Three patients were included with MTP nonunion and an average of 7.5 (range, 5-11) failed prior surgeries. Mean age at index surgery was 50 (range, 46-57) years. An osseous union was achieved in all patients after 82 (range, 75-88) days. Hardware removal was possible after 81 (range, 55-98) days. Mean follow-up was 17 (range, 5-31) months. We note a 100% flap success rate without returns to the operating room. The lengths of the bone flaps were 2 to 4 cm, the volumes were 8 to 12 cm3. Fixation was performed with 1 intramedullary K-wire. The recipient vessel in all patients was the dorsalis pedis artery or a tributary thereof. All arterial anastomoses were performed under the operating microscope. Conclusion: The MFC free flap is a reasonable option for salvage of complex recalcitrant or persistent nonunions of the first MTP joint. More prospective long-term studies with functional outcomes are necessary to confirm these findings. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
A Systematic Review of Follicular Psoriasis: A Unique but Under-Recognized Entity
Authors: Jablon Kelli , Ho Jonathan D. , Chung Hye Jin 
Published: August 2023

Background Follicular psoriasis (FP) is a rare and under-recognized subtype of psoriasis that affects hair follicles and can be frequently misdiagnosed due to its unique presentation. Objective We aimed to analyze the frequently reported clinical, histological, and dermatoscopic features of FP, as well as their treatment options. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed/MEDLINE database using the search terms “follicular” and “psoriasis.” Fourteen studies were included yielding information on 44 patients (27 adults [61.4%] and 17 children [38.6%]). Results Adult FP showed a female predominance (M:F = 1:2.7), frequent involvement of lower extremities (81.5%), association with metabolic syndrome including diabetes mellitus (22.2%), and a predilection for skin of color (SOC:White = 8:1). On the contrary, juvenile FP revealed male predominance (M:F = 1:0.6), frequent involvement of the trunk (41.2%), and exclusive involvement in skin of color (SOC:White = 11:0). In addition to its unique presentation, FP tends to be misdiagnosed due to its low incidence of concomitant psoriasis (31.8%), and rare personal (18.2%) or family history (6.8%) of psoriasis. Reported histopathological features include keratotic plugging, follicular parakeratosis with or without neutrophils, psoriasiform acanthosis, hypogranulosis, and neutrophilic infiltration of follicular epithelium. Dermatoscopic findings include folliculocentric lesions with normal appearing terminal hairs, perifollicular white scale, and various vascular structures. Conclusion Once correctly diagnosed, patients with FP showed improvement or resolution of symptoms with various combinations of topical and systemic therapies. Understanding the demographic features and clinical presentations of FP can help address under-recognition of this clinical variant of psoriasis.
Assessing the Potential for Error in Investigating Intraneural Vascularity: A Need for a Standardized Imaging Protocol
Authors: Yao Buwen , Evans Kevin D. , Roll Shawn C. 
Published: August 2023

Objective: This study examined the implementation of a Doppler sonography imaging protocol to assess intraneural blood flow, within the median nerve, in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 176 participants were examined, and this involved 717 retrospective observations of the images collected. The implemented imaging protocol was assessed, and the data that were collected were cleaned and checked for fidelity and validity. Results: A large percentage of missing evidence (11%–35%) across proximal, mid, and distal carpal tunnel locations. Only a quarter of cases with evidence of intraneural blood flow had the strongest evidence of a power Doppler video clip, of which only three-quarters were valid. The study identified potential areas for improving the imaging protocol to reduce missing data and improve data quality. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significance of a standardized imaging protocol to guide the sonographic acquisition of Doppler images and provides important insights into potential issues with data quality. The recommendations have the potential to help future studies assess intraneural blood flow in healthy populations in a more rigorous and reliable way. Incorporating the study’s recommendations into a standardized protocol, there is potential to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of carpal tunnel syndrome and improve diagnosis and treatment.
The iron chaperone poly(rC)-binding protein 1 regulates iron efflux through intestinal ferroportin in mice
Authors: Wang Yubo , Protchenko Olga , Huber Kari D. , Shakoury-Elizeh Minoo , Ghosh Manik C. , Philpott Caroline C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Iron is an essential nutrient required by all cells but used primarily for red blood cell production. Because humans have no effective mechanism for ridding the body of excess iron, the absorption of dietary iron must be precisely regulated. The critical site of regulation is the transfer of iron from the absorptive enterocyte to the portal circulation via the sole iron efflux transporter, ferroportin. Here, we report that poly(rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1), the major cytosolic iron chaperone, is necessary for the regulation of iron flux through ferroportin in the intestine of mice. Mice lacking PCBP1 in the intestinal epithelium exhibit low levels of enterocyte iron, poor retention of dietary iron in enterocyte ferritin, and excess efflux of iron through ferroportin. Excess iron efflux occurred despite lower levels of ferroportin protein in enterocytes and upregulation of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. PCBP1 deletion and the resulting unregulated dietary iron absorption led to poor growth, severe anemia on a low-iron diet, and liver oxidative stress with iron loading on a high-iron diet. Ex vivo culture of PCBP1-depleted enteroids demonstrated no defects in hepcidin-mediated ferroportin turnover. However, measurement of kinetically labile iron pools in enteroids competent or blocked for iron efflux indicated that PCBP1 functioned to bind and retain cytosolic iron and limit its availability for ferroportin-mediated efflux. Thus, PCBP1 coordinates enterocyte iron and reduces the concentration of unchaperoned “free” iron to a low level that is necessary for hepcidin-mediated regulation of ferroportin activity.
Comparison of metabolomic reconfiguration between Columbia and Landsberg ecotypes subjected to the combination of high salinity and increased irradiance
Authors: Segarra-Medina Clara , Pascual Lidia S. , Alseekh Saleh , Fernie Alisdair R. , Rambla José L. , Gómez-Cadenas Aurelio , Zandalinas Sara I. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Plants growing in the field are subjected to combinations of abiotic stresses. These conditions pose a devastating threat to crops, decreasing their yield and causing a negative economic impact on agricultural production. Metabolic responses play a key role in plant acclimation to stress and natural variation for these metabolic changes could be key for plant adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.

Results
Here we studied the metabolomic response of two Arabidopsis ecotypes (Columbia-0 [Col] and Landsberg erecta-0 [Ler]), widely used as genetic background for Arabidopsis mutant collections, subjected to the combination of high salinity and increased irradiance. Our findings demonstrate that this stress combination results in a specific metabolic response, different than that of the individual stresses. Although both ecotypes displayed reduced growth and quantum yield of photosystem II, as well as increased foliar damage and malondialdehyde accumulation, different mechanisms to tolerate the stress combination were observed. These included a relocation of amino acids and sugars to act as potential osmoprotectants, and the accumulation of different stress-protective compounds such as polyamines or secondary metabolites.

Conclusions
Our findings reflect an initial identification of metabolic pathways that differentially change under stress combination that could be considered in studies of stress combination of Arabidopsis mutants that include Col or Ler as genetic backgrounds.
Promoter characterization of a citrus linalool synthase gene mediating interspecific variation in resistance to a bacterial pathogen
Authors: Wang Qiying , Wang Xiaochun , Huang Linhua , Cheng Yujiao , Ren Li , Yang Huayu , Zhou Changyong , Wang Xuefeng , He Jun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Terpenoids play essential roles in plant defense against biotic stresses. In Citrus species, the monoterpene linalool mediates resistance against citrus canker disease caused by the gram-negative bacteria Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc). Previous work had associated linalool contents with resistance; here we characterize transcriptional responses of linalool synthase genes.

Results
Leaf linalool contents are highly variable among different Citrus species. “Dongfang” tangerine (Citrus reticulata), a species with high linalool levels was more resistant to Xcc than “Shatian” pummelo (C. grandis) which accumulates only small amounts of linalool. The coding sequences of the major leaf-expressed linalool synthase gene (STS4) are highly conserved, while transcript levels differ between the two Citrus species. To understand this apparent differential transcription, we isolated the promoters of STS4 from the two species, fused them to a GUS reporter and expressed them in Arabidopsis. This reporter system revealed that the two promoters have different constitutive activities, mainly in trichomes. Interestingly, both linalool contents and STS4 transcript levels are insensitive to Xcc infestation in citrus plants, but in these transgenic Arabidopsis plants, the promoters are activated by challenge of a bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, as well as wounding and external jasmonic acid treatment.

Conclusions
Our study reveals variation in linalool and resistance to Xcc in citrus plants, which may be mediated by different promoter activities of a terpene synthase gene in different Citrus species.