bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE: A REVIEW
Authors: Lailatannur Lisa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease or HFMD is a common childhood infectious disease mainly caused by coxsackievirus A16 (CVA 16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71). This HFMD disease can spread throughout the world and also cause outbreaks. Occurrence of this disease is mostly reported in the summer and fall. However, in Indonesia itself, HFMD is still not getting enough attention due to its self-limiting nature, so there is not enough epidemiological data.Objective: This research was conducted to find out the description of hand, foot, and mouth disease or HFMD.Methods: Conducting a literature review of previous journal articles related to hand, foot, and mouth disease or HFMD.Results: HFMD caused by coxsackievirus A16 or CVA16 and enterovirus 71 or EV71 which are self-limiting. Contact with saliva, fluids, and feces of HFMD patients can trigger transmission. Meanwhile, vaccines and antivirals have not been found that can be a way to treat and prevent EV71.Conclusion: One solution that is considered effective for preventing HFMD is to always practice clean living. Keywords: Hand, foot and mouth disease; HFMD; eEV71; CVA16; A16
CASE REPORT: PANCYTOPENIA IN SEVERE MALARIA WITH SUSPECTED HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME AT ATAMBUA HOSPITAL
Authors: Lainy Krisdianto Putra , Laurus Geraldo , Sugi Yosef Samon 
Published: April 2023

Background: Malaria is a parasitic infectious disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malaria. The signs of a malaria infection include fever, chills, anemia, and splenomegaly. In the Belu district, the incidence of malaria is still high. It’s about 10,6 per 1000 population. Objective: To describe a case of Malaria in one of patient in Indonesia.Methods: Case reportResults: A 61-year-old woman with Malaria with clinical manifestations as follow, fever, body aches, and chills felt since 3 days before hospital admissions. On the 4th day of treatment, plasmodium falciparum was found.Conclusion: A combination of anti-malarial medications (OAM) is used in the treatment of malaria with the goal of reducing plasmodium resistance to anti-malarial medications.
The Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine and Honey Against Lungs Damage of Mice (Mus Musculus) After Cigarette Smoke Exposure: A Histological Study
Authors: Tando Yudhie Djuhastidar , Taihuttu Yuniasih Mulyani Jubeline , Silalahi Parningotan Yosi , Salhuteru Zwesty Anggreany 
Published: April 2023

Background: Cigarette smoke is a source of free radicals that could cause lung damage. Honey and N-Acetylcysteine have antioxidant effects that could play a role in preventing lung damage.Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of honey and N-Acetylcysteine on lung histological features of mice (Mus musculus) after exposure to cigarette smoke.Methods: This research is an actual experimental study with post-test only control group design. There were 25 adult male mice selected and divided into four groups, i.e., the standard control group (not given exposure or treatment); the negative control group (received 0.2 mL of aqua bidest and exposure to cigarette smoke); the first treatment group (received 0.2 ml of honey and exposure to cigarette smoke); the second treatment group (received 0.2 mL of N-Acetylcysteine and exposure to cigarette smoke). The treatment was carried out every day for 21 days.Result: One way ANOVA statistical test showed significant differences between the experimental groups (p<0.001). Mice in the group that was only received aqua bidest (negative control group) had the highest percentage of lung damage (76.6%) compared to mice from other groups. The lowest percentage of lung damage was found in the treatment group that received NAC (26.6%). Tukey test showed no significant differences in the lung damage between honey and N-Acetylcysteine groups (p=0.685).Conclusion: Honey and N-Acetylcysteine demonstrated some protective effect against lung damage of mice as a result of cigarette smoking exposure. Further research is recommended by extending the treatment time, increasing the exposure to cigarettes smokes per day, as well as varying the dose of honey and N-Acetylcysteine administered
Thyroid Profile of Childhood Tuberculosis Treated with Anti Tuberculosis Drug During Intensive Phase
Authors: Anam Moh Syarofil , Mahmudah Mahmudah , Cayami Ferdy K , Mexitalia Maria , Sidhartani Magdalena , Subagio Hertanto Wahyu , Utari Agustini 
Published: April 2023

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The incidence is 10 % in children. Tuberculosis has high morbidity and mortality which needs adequate treatment. The side effects of FDC is thyroid hormone dysfunction which can interfere children's quality of life. However, research about the effect of FDC therapy on thyroid hormone profile in children with TB are very limited. Objective: To determine the effect of anti-tuberculosis drug treatment on thyroid hormone profile in paediatric tuberculosis. Methods: A one group pretest-posttest design study of 50 patients was conducted at the Semarang Health Center for the period January 2021-June 2021. Thyroid function tests of TSH, FT4 and T3, in TB children were measured before FDC therapy and 2 months after administration. The data were analysed descriptively and a comparative test was performed using SPSS 25.Results: There were no significant differences in TSH, FT4 and T3 serum levels before FDC therapy and 2 months of FDC administration. Thyroid hormone levels before treatment and 2 months after administration of FDC, respectively, euthyroid in 44 vs 42 patients.Conclusion: Two months of tuberculosis treatment in children decreased the serum FT4 and T3 level but no changes in the serum TSH level before and after the treatment.
Cigarette Smoke Exposure, but Not High Fat Diet, is Able to Induce Atherosclerosis in Wild-Type Rats
Authors: Amanda Qorry , Widyastiti Nyoman Suci , Prajoko Yan Wisnu , Maharani Nani , Bahrudin Udin 
Published: April 2023

Background: High-fat diet (HFD) and cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) have been used to induce atherosclerosis in wild-type (WT) rats however, their effectivity remains unclear.Objective: To confirm and compare the effectivity of HFD and CSE on both the histopathology of aorta and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in WT rats.Methods: Thirty-six WT Wistar rats were divided into four main groups (K0, K1, K2, and K3) and four subgroups (K3A, K3B, K3C, and K3D). The negative control group (K0) was fed with regular diet. Group K1 was treated with an intravenous adrenaline followed by high-fat diet (HFD), K2 was fed with regular diet and given CSE, while K3 was treated with a combination of CSE and HFD. The serum and cardiac MDA levels were measured using ELISA. Hematoxylin eosin and oil red O staining of aorta were done for measuring of the intima-media thickness (IMT) ratio and for counting of foam cells, respectively. Results: Both serum and cardiac tissue MDA levels in either K1, K2, or K3 were significant higher (p<0.01) than that of in K0. IMT ratio in K3 was significant higher compared to other groups (p<0.01). Foam cell numbers were significant higher in K2 and K3 groups than that of in either K0 or K1 (p<0.01).Conclusion: While the HFD fails to induce atherosclerosis in WT rats for 28 days, either CSE or combination of CSE and HFD is able to induce it, and the combination is better than alone.
Establishing quality indicators for point of care glucose testing: recommendations from the Canadian Society for Clinical Chemists Point of Care Testing and Quality Indicators Special Interest Groups
Authors: Shaw Julie L.V. , Arnoldo Saranya , Beach Lori , Bouhtiauy Ihssan , Brinc Davor , Brun Miranda , Collier Christine , Kostantin Elie , Fung Angela W.S. , Füzéry Anna K. , Huang Yun , Kaur Sukhbir , Knauer Michael , Labrecque Lyne , Leung Felix , Shea Jennifer L. , Thakur Vinita , Thorlacius Laurel , Venner Allison A. , Yip Paul M. , De Guire Vincent 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Monitoring quality indicators (QIs) is an important part of laboratory quality assurance (QA). Here, the Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists (CSCC) Point of Care Testing (POCT) and QI Special Interest Groups describe a process for establishing and monitoring QIs for POCT glucose testing.

Methods
Key, error prone steps in the POCT glucose testing process were collaboratively mapped out, followed by risk assessment for each step. Steps with the highest risk and ability to detect a non-conformance were chosen for follow-up. These were positive patient identification (PPID) and repeat of critically high glucose measurements. Participating sites were asked to submit aggregate data for these indicators from their site(s) for a one-month period. The PPID QI was also included as part of a national QI monitoring program for which fifty-seven sites submitted data.

Results
The percentage of POCT glucose tests performed without valid PPID ranged from 0–87%. Sites without Admission-Discharge-Transfer (ADT) connectivity to POCT meters were among those with the highest percentage of POCT glucose tests performed without valid PPID. The percentage repeated critically high glucose measurements ranged from 0–50%, indicating low compliance with this recommendation. A high rate of discordance was also noted when critically high POCT glucose measurements were repeated, demonstrating the importance of repeat testing prior to insulin administration.

Conclusions
Here, a process for establishing these QIs is described, with preliminary data for two QIs chosen from this process. The findings demonstrate the importance of QIs for identification and comparative performance monitoring of non-conformances to improve POCT quality.
Accidental ingestion of jimsonweed by an adolescent
Authors: Forno Francis J. , Terry Richard A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ingestion of jimsonweed can result in hallucinations. Despite this side effect, the differential diagnosis of jimsonweed toxicity can be difficult, in part, because routine drug screens do not detect this agent. Such a delay in diagnosis not only postpones treatment but may also result in the patient’s death. Treatment involves gastric lavage, followed by supportive care. Life-threatening cases entail the cautious use of physostigmine salicylate.
Systolic blood pressure in acute ischemic stroke and impact on clinical outcomes
Authors: Wallen Michelle , Banerjee Paul , Webb-McAdams Amanda , Mirajkar Amber , Stead Tej , Ganti Latha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Context
Stroke is one of the largest healthcare burdens in the United States and globally. It continues to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) often present with elevated blood pressure (BP).

Objectives
The objective of our study was to evaluate the association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the emergency department (ED) with stroke severity in patients with AIS.

Methods
This observational study was conducted at an ED with an annual census of 80,000 visits, approximately half (400) of which are for AIS. The cohort consisted of adult patients who presented to the ED within 24 h of stroke symptom onset. BP was measured at triage by a nurse blinded to the study. Stroke severity was measured utilizing the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Statistical analyses were performed utilizing JMP 14.0. This study was approved by our medical school’s institutional review board.

Results
Patients with higher SBP had significantly lower NIHSS scores (p=0.0038). This association was significant even after adjusting for age and gender. By contrast, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) did not appear to impact stroke severity. There was no difference in the DBP values between men and women. Higher SBP was also significantly associated with being discharged home as well as being less likely to die in the hospital or discharged to hospice. The DBP did not demonstrate this association. Neither the SDP nor the DBP were significantly associated with the hospital length of stay (LOS). In multivariate models that included age, gender, basal metabolic index (BMI), comorbidities, and ED presentation, elevated SBP was associated with better prognosis.

Conclusions
In this cohort of patients presenting with stroke-like symptoms to the ED, higher SBP was associated with lower stroke severity and higher rates of being discharged to home rather than hospice or death.
Loss of renal tubular G9a benefits acute kidney injury by lowering focal lipid accumulation via CES1
Authors: Yang Dong , Fan Yu , Xiong Mingrui , Chen Yuchen , Zhou Yihao , Liu Xikai , Yuan Yangmian , Wang Qing , Zhang Yu , Petersen Robert B , Su Hua , Yue Junqiu , Zhang Chun , Chen Hong , Huang Kun , Zheng Ling 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSurgery‐induced renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury and nephrotoxic drugs like cisplatin can cause acute kidney injury (AKI), for which there is no effective therapy. Lipid accumulation is evident following AKI in renal tubules although the mechanisms and pathological effects are unclear. Here, we report that Ehmt2‐encoded histone methyltransferase G9a is upregulated in patients and mouse kidneys after AKI. Renal tubular specific knockout of G9a (Ehmt2Ksp) or pharmacological inhibition of G9a alleviates lipid accumulation associated with AKI. Mechanistically, G9a suppresses transcription of the lipolytic enzyme Ces1; moreover, G9a and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) competitively bind to the same promoter regions of Ces1. Ces1 is consistently observed to be downregulated in the kidney of AKI patients. Pharmacological inhibition of Ces1 increases lipid accumulation, exacerbates renal I/R‐injury and eliminates the beneficial effects on AKI observed in Ehmt2Ksp mice. Furthermore, lipid‐lowering atorvastatin and an FXR agonist alleviate AKI by activating Ces1 and reducing renal lipid accumulation. Together, our results reveal a G9a/FXR‐Ces1 axis that affects the AKI outcome via regulating renal lipid accumulation.
Tissue‐like environments shape functional interactions of HIV‐1 with immature dendritic cells
Authors: Gallucci Lara , Abele Tobias , Fronza Raffaele , Stolp Bettina , Laketa Vibor , Sid Ahmed Samy , Flemming Annica , Müller Barbara , Göpfrich Kerstin , Fackler Oliver T 
Published: April 2023

AbstractImmature dendritic cells (iDCs) migrate in microenvironments with distinct cell and extracellular matrix densities in vivo and contribute to HIV‐1 dissemination and mounting of antiviral immune responses. Here, we find that, compared to standard 2D suspension cultures, 3D collagen as tissue‐like environment alters iDC properties and their response to HIV‐1 infection. iDCs adopt an elongated morphology with increased deformability in 3D collagen at unaltered activation, differentiation, cytokine secretion, or responsiveness to LPS. While 3D collagen reduces HIV‐1 particle uptake by iDCs, fusion efficiency is increased to elevate productive infection rates due to elevated cell surface exposure of the HIV‐1‐binding receptor DC‐SIGN. In contrast, 3D collagen reduces HIV transfer to CD4 T cells from iDCs. iDC adaptations to 3D collagen include increased pro‐inflammatory cytokine production and reduced antiviral gene expression in response to HIV‐1 infection. Adhesion to a 2D collagen matrix is sufficient to increase iDC deformability, DC‐SIGN exposure, and permissivity to HIV‐1 infection. Thus, mechano‐physical cues of 2D and 3D tissue‐like collagen environments regulate iDC function and shape divergent roles during HIV‐1 infection.
Holocene coastal change and intertidal mollusc exploitation in the central mediterranean: variations in shell size and morphology at Grotta d’Oriente (Sicily)
Authors: Carlo Colonesse André , Lo Vetro Domenico , Martini Fabio 
Published: April 2023

Grotta d’Oriente, en la isla de Favignana (NW Italia, Sicilia), presenta evidencias de la explotación humana de los recursos marinos en el periodo cronológico correspondiente al Holoceno antiguo (Mesolítico y transición Mesolítico-Neolítico). Este hecho, se corresponde con el registro de cambios importantes en la costa, ocurridos durante el aislamiento de Favignana de Sicilia. Los depósitos mesolíticos y meso-neolíticos contienen abundantes restos de moluscos intermareales, que ofrecen la oportunidad de explorar los posibles efectos de la explotación humana y de los cambios ambientales en los tamaños de los principales taxones recolectados (Patella caerulea/ulyssiponensis y Osilinus turbinatus). Los resultados morfométricos revelan una disminución significativa en los tamaños de P. caerulea/ulyssiponensis entre la fase Mesolítica y Meso-neolítica, en relación con el momento de mayor explotación. Los datos de O. turbinatus, por el contrario, indican un cambio significativo en la forma que se refleja con conchas más altas y más bajas en el Mesolítico y Meso-Neolítico respectivamente. En el caso de P. caerulea/ulyssiponensis, las variaciones en las medidas parecen relacionadas sea con factores ambientales que con una posible intensificación de la recolección durante la fase Meso-neolítica, mientras que las variaciones en las conchas de O. turbinatus probablemente reflejan un cambio en la formación de la costa, que pasa de protegida a expuesta entre el Mesolítico y Meso-Neolítico respectivamente.
Source parameters and tectonic setting of the 1990 Lee Vining, California, earthquake sequence
Authors: Horton Stephen P. , dePolo Diane M. , Walter William R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOn 24 October 1990, a magnitude 5.0 (Md) earthquake occurred near Lee Vining, California. It was a strike-slip event with a hypocenter 5 km east and 11.5 km below the surface trace of the Sierran frontal fault, which at this locality has 21 m of Holocene vertical offset. A time-domain deconvolution technique was used to estimate the source-time function of this event using a small foreshock as an empirical Green's function. The resulting source-time function indicates a simple rupture process. The moment for this event is 3.0 × 1023 dyne-cm, and the static stress drop is 36 bars.Moderate-sized earthquakes occurring in the western Basin and Range since 1978 have been concentrated in the central part of the Walker Lane Belt. This is an area of diverse topography and numerous strike-slip faults that lies between the Sierra Nevada Mountains on the west and typical Basin and Range topography on the east. Most of these earthquakes have strike-slip focal mechanisms, and with the exception of earthquakes in the Long Valley Caldera area, they are consistent with left-lateral slip on faults that trend northeast and right-lateral slip on faults that trend northwest.
Geriatric Syndromes among Patients with Nuclear Cataract Depending on Visual Acuity without Correction
Authors: Fabikantov O. L. , Osmanov R. E. , Popova E. V. 
Published: April 2023

Cataract in patients of older age groups is one of the reasons for the deterioration of geriatric status, the manifestations of which are geriatric syndromes, but insufficient attention paid to the study of the latter.Purpose. To study the prevalence of geriatric syndromes among patients with UC, depending on visual acuity without correction.Patients and methods. Geriatric syndromes were studied in 220 elderly patients with UC, in 240 elderly patients with FC and 200 elderly patients without UC based on methods of complex geriatric assessment. The following geriatric syndromes were analyzed: sarcopenia, hypomobility, malnourishment, pain syndrome, and disorders of general motor activity, psychological problems, cognitive disorders, anxiety-depressive status, sleep disorders and urination.Results. It was found that the deterioration of visual acuity without correction of less than 0.3 is accompanied by an increase in the majority of geriatric syndromes in elderly and senile patients with UC and especially in 75–89 years of hypomobility syndrome to 93.2 ± 2.5 cases of cognitive impairment to 89.3 ± 3.0 cases, malnutrition to 88.3 ± 3.2 cases and psychological problems to 79.6 ± 4.0 cases per 100 examined, which is significantly higher by 2.0–2.4 times compared to patients of the same age with UC with visual acuity without correction more than 0.3. A decrease in visual acuity of less than 0.3 in patients with UC contributes to an increase in the prevalence and average number of geriatric syndromes in old age to 8.2 ± 1.0 cases versus 3.9 ± 0.8 cases in old age with UC with visual acuity of more than 0.3 (P < 0.001).Conclusion. The revealed dependence of the prevalence of geriatric syndromes, taking into account visual acuity, indicates the relevance of timely correction.
Evaluation of cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel titanium rotary instruments: A systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Fule Kunal Jayavant , Warhadpande Manjusha M. , Dakshindas Darshan , Muthiah Meenakshi , Mule Anjali , Wankhade Jyoti 
Published: April 2023

A number of different thermomechanical treatments of NiTi have been developed to overcome some of the drawbacks of the traditional NiTi alloy, namely, separation and distortion of instruments. The present study analyzes the data on nickel-titanium instruments and their cyclic fatigue resistance. Online electronic data base such as PubMed, Cochrane and Google scholar through 31 January 2000 to 31 January 2020 with only English language literature. Clinical study of 9 article review & stated that the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance Of Nickel Titanium Rotary Instruments tested in artificial blocks or canals ,tested with different NiTi rotary files between 200-500 rpm and accordingly torque under controled/uncntroled temperature in curved canls fracture occure. The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis point to the possibility that the temperature at which the instruments are tested may affect the results of cyclic fatigue resistance on NiTi files with a different behavior depending on the heat treatment of the alloy and that an increase in the angle of curvature of artificial canals has a detrimental effect on the cyclic fatigue resistance. Reciprocal movement exhibited the best performance with regard to cyclic fatigue resistance. The thermal treatment of the instrument’s alloy, its cross section, and the glide path seem to influence the cyclic fatigue resistance. The cyclic fatigue resistance of instruments manufactured with the gold heat treatment is not influenced by room or intracanal temperature.