bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rank stability of elliptic curves in certain non‐abelian extensions
Authors: Pathak Siddhi , Ray Anwesh 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLet be an elliptic curve with rank . Fix an odd prime , a positive integer , and a finite abelian extension with rank . In this paper, we show that there exist infinitely many extensions such that is Galois with , and rank . This is an extension of earlier results on rank stability of elliptic curves in cyclic extensions of prime power order to a non‐abelian setting. We also obtain an asymptotic lower bound for the number of such extensions, ordered by their absolute discriminant.
Estimates for the Diameters of the Set of Solutions to a Nonlinear Differential Equation With Unbounded Coefficients
Authors: Ospanov Kordan , Ospanov Myrzagali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we prove some estimates of the distribution functions of the Kolmogorov diameters of solution's set to one class of the third‐order nonlinear differential equations with variable coefficients. The equation is defined on the entire real axis, and its coefficients are unbounded functions. Previously, such equations were studied in the case where their intermediate coefficients are equal to zero, and the junior coefficient does not change sign. Sufficient conditions for the existence of a weak solution are also obtained, and under some restrictions on the oscillation of the intermediate coefficient, the maximal regularity of the solution is proved in the paper. In the proofs of the theorems are use the results of the authors obtained in the case of a linear differential equation of the third order (Ospanov & Ospanov, 2024), and Schauder's fixed point theorem.
A W‐Band Bandpass Filter With Two Controllable Transmission Zeros Based on Rectangular Resonators
Authors: Chen Yao , Wang Pei , Luo Chao , Liu Kai‐Yu , Zhang Zhi‐Min , Ren Tao‐Yu , Xu Kai‐Jiang , Li Ji‐Chen , Li Zhen‐Ning , Wei Xi‐Dong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, an improved W‐band bandpass filter for the W‐band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system with a center frequency of 96 GHz is designed and implemented. Compared with the conventional rectangular waveguide resonator filters, two specially designed oversized rectangular waveguide cavities are combined in the structure to create two transmission zeros (TZs), which improves the sharp cutoff rate of the filter and remains the simplicity of the structure. Meanwhile, the position of each TZ is independently controlled by the dimensions of one specific oversized rectangular resonator, which makes it easier to realize a flexible and accurate design. The improved structure is analyzed, modeled and optimized to obtain a better transmission characteristic. The measured results show that the return loss of the improved W‐band bandpass filter is less than −8 dB and the insertion loss is less than 1.4 dB within the passband. Additionally, the two TZs are located at 89.17 GHz and 103 GHz, respectively. These results verify the feasibility of the improved bandpass filter structure.
FK506 Enhancement of Neuromuscular Junction Recovery After Nerve Injury Is Macrophage‐Dependent
Authors: Jablonka‐Shariff Albina , Broberg Curtis , Snyder‐Warwick Alison K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionMotor recovery following nerve injury is dependent on time required for muscle reinnervation. This process is imperfect, however, and recovery is often incomplete. At the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), macrophage signaling aids muscle reinnervation. Tacrolimus (FK506) treatment speeds functional recovery through unknown mechanisms. This study investigated whether macrophages were required for FK506 neuroenhancing effects.MethodsWildtype (WT) mice and mice with impaired macrophage recruitment to injury sites (Ccr2

−/−
) were injected subcutaneously with either saline or FK506 for 3 days prior to sciatic nerve transection and immediate repair and then daily for 4 weeks. Functional recovery was assessed by grid walk and muscle force. Morphometric NMJ and macrophage analyses were conducted in extensor digitorum longus muscles.ResultsFK506‐injected WT mice showed increased proportions of fully reinnervated NMJs and terminal Schwann cells/NMJ (p < 0.05), improved recovery of tetanic muscle force (p < 0.05), and improved grid walking (p < 0.05) relative to controls. Ccr2

−/−
mice showed no enhancements in recovery; Ccr2

−/−
mice treated with FK506 did not differ from controls on any tested metric. We also observed at the NMJ of WT mice increased macrophage numbers with FK506 treatment and increased macrophages expressing FK506 binding protein, FKBP52, after nerve injury.DiscussionThese results show that macrophages are required for FK506‐mediated improvements in NMJ reinnervation and muscle function. These data implicate macrophages in the mechanism underlying FK506‐mediated enhancement of motor recovery after nerve injury. Enhanced knowledge of the neuroenhancing mechanism of FK506 may identify new clinically relevant therapeutic targets.
A Discrete Element Method–Based Energetic Approach to Model Two‐Dimensional Fatigue Crack Propagation
Authors: Ma Lei , Koval Georg , Chazallon Cyrille , Descantes Yannick 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, a fatigue crack propagation model is proposed using the two‐dimensional discrete element method (DEM). The challenge lies in describing the small progressive fatigue crack growth within a single cycle, which is typically much smaller than the size of the smallest particles, making it difficult to continuously capture the loss of contact stiffness. To accurately represent crack increments in DEM, a reduction in contact stiffness is directly linked to the length of the propagated crack, based on the local energy release in a contact. This allows for a precise description of crack increments at scales much smaller than particle size. Building on this, and utilizing the local evaluation of the energy release rate, Paris' law is applied to describe the fatigue behaviour of the contact under cyclic loading. An efficient approach is introduced that replaces the full cycle analysis with equivalent quasi‐static monotonic simulations, leading to significant gains in computational time. The resultant DEM simulations adopt the same parameters as in continuum mechanics, eliminating the need for calibration, and demonstrate good agreement with theoretical and experimental results from the literature.
Simultaneous Concentration and T2 Mapping of Brain Metabolites by Fast Multi‐Echo Spectroscopic Imaging
Authors: Rizzo Rudy , Stamatelatou Angeliki , Heerschap Arend , Scheenen Tom , Kreis Roland 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to produce metabolite‐specific T2 and concentration maps in a clinically compatible time frame. A multi‐TE 2D MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) experiment (multi‐echo single‐shot MRSI [MESS‐MRSI]) deployed truncated and partially sampled multi‐echo trains from single scans and was combined with simultaneous multiparametric model fitting. It was tested in vivo for the brain in five healthy subjects. Cramér–Rao lower bounds (CRLB) were used as the measure of performance. The novel method was compared with (1) traditional multi‐echo multi‐shot (MEMS) MRSI and, as proof of concept, with (2) a truncated version of MEMS, which mimics the MESS acquisition (MESS‐mocked) on the original fully sampled MEMS dataset. MESS‐MRSI simultaneously yields concentration and T2 maps with a nominal voxel size of ~2 cm3 with a 16 × 16 FOV matrix in 7 min scan time. The estimated values not only align well with the equivalent mocked experiment but are also in good agreement with the traditional threefold longer MEMS acquisition. The MESS‐MRSI scheme extends former findings for single‐voxel MESS, with improvements in CRLB ranging from 17% to 45% for concentrations and 10% to 23% for T2s when compared to traditional MEMS. This finding suggests that concentrations and T2 times can be reliably estimated in a multi‐echo spectroscopic imaging exam by trading off spectral resolution (for some of the acquired TEs) with a significant reduction in scan time, as long as (1) an appropriate bidimensional frequency‐TE model is deployed and (2) one TE is sampled in full. Thus, high spectral resolution information can be injected to the partially sampled TEs during fitting by prior knowledge from the one fully sampled TE. Tissue‐type and regional distributions of 16 metabolite concentrations align well with the literature, and T2 distributions for five major metabolites are described by region and tissue. The novel MRSI acquisition strategy, based on partially sampled single‐shot multi‐echo trains twinned to multiparametric fitting, is optimally suited to provide simultaneous 2D concentration and T2 maps in clinic‐compatible scan times. MESS principles allow embedding advanced MRSI techniques to further improve speed, coverage, or resolution. Preliminary findings from a cohort of five subjects reveal correlations between T2 relaxation times and the relative fraction of gray/white matter, suggesting tissue‐type‐dependent microstructural changes.
Muno: Improved Bandwidth Estimation Scheme in Video Conferencing Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Nguyen Van Tu , Ryu Sang‐Woo , Ko Kyung‐Chan , Yoo Jae‐Hyoung , Hong James Won‐Ki 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMany studies have used machine learning techniques for bitrate control to improve the quality of experience (QoE) of video streaming applications. However, most of these studies have focused on HTTP adaptive streaming with one‐to‐one connections. This research examines video conferencing applications that involve real‐time, multiparty, and full‐duplex communication among participants. In conventional video conferencing systems, a rule‐based algorithm is typically employed to estimate the available bandwidth of each participant, and the outcomes are then used to control the video delivery rate to the participant. This paper proposes Muno, a bandwidth prediction framework based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for multiparty video conferencing systems. Muno aims to enhance the overall QoE by using DRL to improve bandwidth estimation for each connection. The experimental results indicate that Muno achieves a significantly higher video streaming rate, video resolution, and framerate while lowering delay in highly dynamic networks when compared to the state‐of‐the‐art rule‐based algorithms and roughly equivalent streaming rate and delay in stable networks. Moreover, Muno can generalize well to different network conditions which were not included in the training set. We also implemented a high‐performance and scalable version of Muno for in‐campus deployment.
A Hybrid Technique for Estimating the State of Health of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Manjunatha Babu P. , Dsouza Ozwin Dominic , Shilpa G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLithium‐ion Battery State of Health (SOH) estimation is essential for reliability and safety. Rechargeable lithium‐ion availability is decreased by thickening the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer due to interactions between electrodes and electrolytes during cycles of discharging and charging. This paper proposes a hybrid approach, called LOA‐FENN, to reduce estimation errors by fusing the fully Elman neural network (FENN) with the lyrebird optimization algorithm (LOA). The LOA optimizes the neural network's weight during training, while the FENN predicts the SOH. Implemented in MATLAB, the LOA‐FENN approach achieved an estimation error of 1.08%, outperforming existing methods such as the hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA), box‐cox transformation (BCT), and particle filter algorithm (PFA), which showed errors of 1.38%, 1.28%, and 1.18%, respectively.
Design of Fluorinated Poly(Ether‐Pyridine) Films for Impedimetric Detection of Heavy Metal Ions
Authors: Jlalia Ibtissem , Gomri Marwen , Chabbah Taha , Chatti Saber , Weidner Stefen , Abderrazak Houyem , Marestin Catherine , Mercier Regis , Halima Hamdi Ben , Lakard Boris , Renault Nicole Jaffrezic 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA series of fluorinated poly(ether‐pyridine)s were synthesized via polycondensation of bis‐perfluoropyridine with either bisphenol A (BPA) or isosorbide, a bio‐sourced diol. The polymers were characterized using 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy, and their molecular weights were determined using GPC. Thermal properties were assessed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The presence of isosorbide in polymer P2 increases the glass transition temperature and results in a lower molecular weight and a higher hydrophilicity. On the other hand, polymer P3, based on BPA, shows the best thermal stability, the highest molecular weight, and the most pronounced hydrophobic character. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to evaluate the modified gold electrodes for the selective detection of metal ions. Among the four target ions (Ni2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+), defined by the European Water Framework Directive, Pb2+ was selectively detected on the hydrophilic polymer P2, while Cd2+ was selectively detected on the hydrophobic polymer P3. The achieved detection limits were 5 × 10−11 M, corresponding to 10 ng/L for Pb2+ and 5.6 ng/L for Cd2+, respectively.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose‐Based Composite Hydrogels for Sustainable Agriculture Under Drought Stress
Authors: Barala Poonam , Lohchab Monika , Hooda Vinita 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the synthesis and characterization of a DAP‐loaded composite hydrogel comprising carboxymethyl cellulose‐g‐poly(acrylic acid‐acrylamide)/diatomite (CMC‐g‐P(AA‐AAm)/diatomite/DAP) using chemical crosslinking. The incorporation of diatomite enhanced the equilibrium water absorbency of the hydrogel by 54.48% in distilled water and 34.02% in tap water. The hydrogel demonstrated excellent reswelling capacity, maintaining 105.8 g/g and 36.13 g/g in distilled and tap water, respectively, after 10 cycles. Soil treated with the hydrogel retained the highest water at a 0.3% concentration, showing a 291% increase at 35°C compared to the control. Composite hydrogel treatments improved soil physiochemical properties, including bulk density, porosity, organic carbon, water‐holding capacity, and microbial counts while reducing soil pH. The hydrogel facilitated a controlled release of nitrogen and phosphorus, following Fickian diffusion. Enhanced germination rates and improved mustard plant growth under drought conditions were observed, indicating the potential of hydrogel in sustainable agriculture. Further research and field trials are required to evaluate its performance under diverse soil and climate conditions, paving the way for its widespread adoption.
Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists for Thrombocytopenia in Pediatric Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Marinoff Amanda E. , Thrall Allyson , Aaronson Kathryn , Braun Benjamin S. , Castellanos Maria , Chu Julia , Hermiston Michelle , Huang Benjamin J. , Levinson Anya , Southworth Erica , Winger Beth Apsel , Olshen Adam , Stieglitz Elliot 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO‐RAs) have demonstrated efficacy in treating clinically significant thrombocytopenia, including chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia in adults. However, data regarding their safety and efficacy in pediatric, adolescents, and young adult (AYA) patients with hematologic malignancies are limited.MethodsWe retrospectively identified 15 pediatric and AYA patients aged 25 years or younger with hematologic malignancies treated with a TPO‐RA at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals between 2015 and 2023. Platelet counts and transfusion requirements were compared before and after TPO‐RA therapy.ResultsThe median age at TPO‐RA initiation was 16 years (range: 7–25 years). Nine patients (60%) had a history of bleeding or comorbidity that predisposed to severe bleeding risk. Eleven patients received romiplostim and four patients received eltrombopag. The median platelet count significantly increased from 24 × 109/L at baseline to 54 × 109/L after 3 weeks of any TPO‐RA therapy (p = 0.029). Monthly platelet transfusion requirements significantly decreased from a median of 15 to two units after TPO‐RA therapy (p = 0.007). Fourteen of the 15 patients (93%) achieved a sustained platelet count >50,000/µL within 8 weeks, with a median time to response of 3 weeks. No TPO‐RA‐related adverse events were observed.ConclusionTPO‐RAs were effective in managing refractory thrombocytopenia in pediatric and young adult patients being treated for hematologic malignancies, with a favorable safety profile, even among patients with multiple comorbidities. These findings warrant further investigation through prospective clinical trials to confirm efficacy and establish clinical guidelines for this population.
Prevention and Management of Infectious Complications in Pediatric Patients With Cancer: A Survey Assessment of Current Practices Across Children's Oncology Group Institutions
Authors: Slatnick Leonora R. , Hoogstra David , Fisher Brian T. , Wolf Joshua , Orgel Etan , Nessle C. Nathan , Patel Pratik A. , Miller Tamara P. , Wilkes Jennifer , Dupuis L. Lee , Goode Erin , Jackson Kasey , Willis Daniel N. , Elgarten Caitlin , Aftandilian Catherine , Thompson Joel , Alexander Sarah , Beauchemin Melissa P. , Belsky Jennifer A. , Hess Jennifer , Prudowsky Zachary D. , Guinipero Terri , Rossoff Jenna , Demedis Jenna , Walsh Alexandra M. , Richards Rebecca , Choi Daniel K. , Dvorak Christopher C. , Esbenshade Adam J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionWhile clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for pediatric oncology infection prophylaxis and management exist, few data describe actual management occurring at pediatric oncology centers.MethodsAn electronic survey querying infection management practices in nontransplant pediatric oncology patients was iteratively created by the Children's Oncology Group (COG) Cancer Control and Supportive Care Infectious Diseases Subcommittee and sent to leaders at all COG institutions, limiting each site to one response to represent their institution.ResultsThe response rate was 57% (129/227 institutions). Many sites reported utilizing COG‐endorsed CPGs for antibacterial (76%) and antifungal prophylaxis (74%), and fever and neutropenia (FN, 64%). Most institutions reported using antimicrobial prophylaxis for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (88% antibacterial, 100% antifungal) and relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (82% antibacterial, 95% antifungal). Definitions of fever, phagocyte recovery, and antibiotic duration in febrile patients varied. Most institutions administer empiric broad‐spectrum antibiotics for nonneutropenic fever, although 14% reported withholding antibiotics based on initial clinical status or risk stratification tools. Most respondents reported (70%) admitting FN patients for at least 48 h, however 15% have low‐risk FN protocols allowing outpatient management. FN patients remain admitted on antibiotics through count recovery in 50% of institutions, whereas the others employed various early discharge/early antibiotic discontinuation strategies.ConclusionsThere is often consistency but also substantial variability in reported antimicrobial prophylaxis strategies and management of patients with fever and represents an opportunity for implementation studies to standardize application of CPG recommendations and randomized trials to advance evidence where knowledge gaps exist.
Thermomechanical finite element modeling of extruded polyvinylchloride tubes for temperature and warpage prediction
Authors: Lippens Willem , Ivens Jan , Desplentere Frederik 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, a thermomechanical finite element process simulation model for rigid polyvinylchloride extruded products with a tubular cross‐section is developed and validated. The goal is to predict the warpage of the extruded tubes with varying levels of (a)symmetry (wall thickness ratios ranging from 1/1 to 1/5), utilizing the temperature distribution developed during the cooling phase of the process. The material undergoes significant temperature variation (from melt to room temperature), potentially leading to significant changes in material properties during the process. Therefore, temperature‐dependent material properties are determined experimentally and implemented into commercial simulation software. Boundary conditions in the model are changed depending on the different process settings and the location of the product in the process. The model is validated by comparing measured temperatures and warpages with simulated ones for six levels of wall thickness ratios and varying process settings. The model is shown to predict warpages within 86% of accuracy and temperatures within 90% of accuracy.Highlights
Measurement and implementation of temperature‐dependent material properties.
Development of extrusion process model with varying boundary conditions.
Thermal and mechanical (warp) prediction for six levels of wall thickness ratios.
Description of Borderline Personality Disorder Hospitalizations for Adolescents and Adults in France Between 2013 and 2022: A Nationwide Retrospective Study
Authors: Dufrenois Florian , Saint‐Dizier Chloé , Veltz Salomé , Valdenaire Sacha , Chazard Emmanuel , Bubrovszky Maxime , Lamer Antoine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a frequent disorder with high mental health care utilization. This study aims to describe BPD hospitalization in France: using the French national hospitals database from 2013 to 2022, regarding sociodemographic factors and hospitalization characteristics. In total, this study included 121,235 patients. The sex ratio was 1.76 female for 1 male. The median age at hospitalization was 33 years. Most hospitalizations concerned female patients around 30 years old, were voluntary, full‐time, in public facilities, and lasted around 14 days. Age at first hospitalization decreased between 2015 and 2022. Male patients were more often in public and compulsory care. Hospitalizations were longer when there were comorbidities. The most common comorbidities were mood disorders. The prevalence of BPD inpatients in 2022 approximates 6%. This is the first nationwide French study describing hospitalizations of patients with BPD. Factors influencing inpatient care should be further studied.