bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic hypothermia modulates the neurogenic response of the newborn piglet subventricular zone after hypoxia-ischemia
Authors: Alonso-Alconada Daniel , Gressens Pierre , Golay Xavier , Robertson Nicola J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuroprotection combined with neuroregeneration may be critical for optimizing functional recovery in neonatal encephalopathy. To investigate the neurogenic response to hypoxia-ischemia (HI) followed by normothermia (38.5 °C) or three different hypothermic temperatures (35, 33.5, or 30 °C) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the neonatal piglet.

Methods
Following transient cerebral HI and resuscitation, 28 newborn piglets were randomized to: normothermia or whole-body cooling to 35 °C, 33.5 °C, or 30 °C during 2–26 h (all n = 7). At 48 h, piglets were euthanized and SVZ obtained to evaluate its cellularity, pattern of cell death, radial glia length, doublecortin (DCX, neuroblasts) expression, and Ki67 (cell proliferation) and Ki67/Sox2 (neural stem/progenitor dividing) cell counts.

Results
Normothermic piglets showed lower total (Ki67+) and neural stem/progenitor dividing (Ki67+Sox2+) cell counts when compared to hypothermic groups. Cooling to 33.5 °C obtained the highest values of SVZ cellularity, radial glia length processes, neuroblast chains area and DCX immunohistochemistry. Cooling to 30 °C, however, revealed decreased cellularity in the lateral SVZ and shorter radial glia processes when compared with 33.5 °C.

Conclusions
In a neonatal piglet model, hypothermia to 33.5 °C modulates the neurogenic response of the SVZ after HI, highlighting the potential beneficial effect of hypothermia to 33.5 °C on endogenous neurogenesis and the detrimental effect of overcooling beyond this threshold.

Impact

Neuroprotection combined with neuroregeneration may be critical for optimizing functional recovery in neonatal encephalopathy.

Hypothermia may modulate neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic piglet.

Cooling to 33.5 °C obtained the highest values of SVZ cellularity, radial glia length processes, neuroblast chains area and doublecortin immunohistochemistry; cooling to 30 °C, however, revealed decreased cellularity and shorter radial glia processes.

In a neonatal piglet model, therapeutic hypothermia (33.5 °C) modulates the neurogenic response of the SVZ after hypoxia-ischemia, highlighting also the detrimental effect of overcooling beyond this threshold.
Comparison of two inspiratory muscle training protocols in people with spinal cord injury: a secondary analysis
Authors: Palermo Anne E. , Butler Jane E. , Boswell-Ruys Claire L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Study design/setting
Secondary analysis.

Objectives
To compare the change in maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) over the first 4 weeks of two different inspiratory muscle training (IMT) protocols and explore if either method is more effective for people with spinal cord injury.

Methods
Data originated from two published studies. Participants completed flow-resistive IMT (F-IMT) at 80% daily PImax, 7 days/week (supervised weekly), or threshold IMT (T-IMT) at 30–80% weekly PImax, twice-daily, 5 days/week (supervised every session). Seven participants from each trial were matched by training adherence, level of spinal cord injury, impairment grade (A–C), and height. Differences between F-IMT and T-IMT groups in training intensity, breaths taken, inspiratory work, and the change in the PImax from baseline at the end of week four were analysed.

Results
Over 4 weeks, there was no difference in the change in PImax between groups (Absolute change in PImax (cmH2O): p = 0.456, Percent change in PImax relative to baseline: p = 0.128). F-IMT participants trained at a higher intensity (median: 77 vs 22 cmH2O, p = 0.001 and 80% baseline vs 61% baseline, p = 0.038) but took fewer breaths (840 vs 1404 breaths, p = 0.017) than T-IMT participants. Inspiratory work was similar between groups (64,789 vs 65,910 (% PImax × number of breaths), p = 0.535).

Conclusions
Our findings support both methods of IMT as the change in PImax and inspiratory work were similar between groups. However, daily high-intensity F-IMT with intermittent supervision, required fewer breaths and less participant and therapist time. Future studies should examine optimal dosage and supervision required to achieve increased PImax.
Current incidence, severity, and management of veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in adult allogeneic HSCT recipients: an EBMT Transplant Complications Working Party study
Authors: Ruutu Tapani , Peczynski Christophe , Houhou Mohamed , Polge Emmanuelle , Mohty Mohamad , Kröger Nicolaus , Moiseev Ivan , Penack Olaf , Salooja Nina , Schoemans Hélène , Duarte Rafael F. , Schroeder Thomas , Passweg Jakob , Wulf Gerald G. , Ganser Arnold , Sica Simona , Arat Mutlu , Salmenniemi Urpu , Broers Annoek E. C. , Bourhis Jean Henri , Rambaldi Alessandro , Maertens Johan , Halaburda Kazimierz , Zuckerman Tsila , Labussière-Wallet Hélène , Basak Grzegorz , Koenecke Christian , Perić Zinaida 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe current incidence, diagnostic policy, management, and outcome of VOD/SOS at EBMT centers were studied. All centers that had performed allogeneic HSCTs in adult patients within one defined year were invited to the study. Seventy-one centers participated with a total of 2886 allogeneic transplantations and 93 cases of VOD/SOS in 2018. The cumulative incidence of VOD/SOS at day 21 was 1.8% and at day 100 2.4%. Of 67 cases with detailed data, 52 were classical and 15 (22%) late onset (>day 21). According to the EBMT criteria, 65/67 patients had at least two VOD/SOS risk factors. The severity grades were: mild 0, moderate 3, severe 29, very severe 35. Fifty-four patients were treated with defibrotide. VOD/SOS resolved in 58% of the patients, 3/3 with moderate, 22/28 with severe, and 12/33 with very severe grade (p < 0.001). By day 100, 57% of the patients were alive; 3/3 with moderate, 22/29 with severe, and 13/35 with very severe VOD/SOS (p = 0.002). In conclusion, the incidence of VOD/SOS was low. Severe and very severe grades dominated. Very severe grade predicted poor outcome compared to severe grade further supporting the concept of early diagnosis and treatment to avoid a dismal outcome.
LMO2 promotes the development of AML through interaction with transcription co-regulator LDB1
Authors: Lu Lihui , Wang Jianwei , Fang Fang , Guo Ailian , Jiang Shuting , Tao Yanfang , Zhang Yongping , Li Yan , Zhang Kunlong , Zhang Zimu , Zhuo Ran , Chu Xinran , Li Xiaolu , Tian Yuanyuan , Ma Li , Sang Xu , Chen Yanling , Yu Juanjuan , Yang Yang , Cao Haibo , Gao Jizhao , Lu Jun , Hu Shaoyan , Pan Jian , He Hailong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the characteristics of leukemia is that it contains multiple rearrangements of signal transduction genes and overexpression of non-mutant genes, such as transcription factors. As an important regulator of hematopoietic stem cell development and erythropoiesis, LMO2 is considered an effective carcinogenic driver in T cell lines and a marker of poor prognosis in patients with AML with normal karyotype. LDB1 is a key factor in the transformation of thymocytes into T-ALL induced by LMO2, and enhances the stability of carcinogenic related proteins in leukemia. However, the function and mechanism of LMO2 and LDB1 in AML remains unclear. Herein, the LMO2 gene was knocked down to observe its effects on proliferation, survival, and colony formation of NB4, Kasumi-1 and K562 cell lines. Using mass spectrometry and IP experiments, our results showed the presence of LMO2/LDB1 protein complex in AML cell lines, which is consistent with previous studies. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that LDB1 is essential for the proliferation and survival of AML cell lines. Analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP-Seq results showed that LDB1 could regulate apoptosis-related genes, including LMO2. In LDB1-deficient AML cell lines, the overexpression of LMO2 partially compensates for the proliferation inhibition. In summary, our findings revealed that LDB1 played an important role in AML as an oncogene, and emphasize the potential importance of the LMO2/LDB1 complex in clinical treatment of patients with AML.
Correlating metasurface spectra with a generation-elimination framework
Authors: Chen Jieting , Qian Chao , Zhang Jie , Jia Yuetian , Chen Hongsheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInferring optical response from other correlated optical response is highly demanded for vast applications such as biological imaging, material analysis, and optical characterization. This is distinguished from widely-studied forward and inverse designs, as it is boiled down to another different category, namely, spectra-to-spectra design. Whereas forward and inverse designs have been substantially explored across various physical scenarios, the spectra-to-spectra design remains elusive and challenging as it involves intractable many-to-many correspondences. Here, we first dabble in this uncharted area and propose a generation-elimination framework that can self-orient to the best output candidate. Such a framework has a strong built-in stochastically sampling capability that automatically generate diverse nominations and eliminate inferior nominations. As an example, we study terahertz metasurfaces to correlate the reflection spectra from low to high frequencies, where the inaccessible spectra are precisely forecasted without consulting structural information, reaching an accuracy of 98.77%. Moreover, an innovative dimensionality reduction approach is executed to visualize the distribution of the abstract correlated spectra data encoded in latent spaces. These results provide explicable perspectives for deep learning to parse complex physical processes, rather than “brute-force” black box, and facilitate versatile applications involving cross-wavelength information correlation.
Electrode array probe designed for visualising and monitoring multiple localised corrosion processes and mechanisms simultaneously occurring on marine structures
Authors: Laleh Majid , Huo Ying , Melchers Robert E. , Tan Mike Yongjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn electrode array probe has been specially designed and demonstrated for in situ monitoring and visualising multiple localised corrosion processes and mechanisms, including crevice, weldment and pitting corrosion, occurring simultaneously on marine steel structures. It enabled the probing of time-dependent development of multiple localised corrosion processes, mechanisms and kinetics, thereby facilitating more in-depth understanding of the initiation, propagation and kinetics of localised corrosion of steel marine structures.
Amplitude response and singularity behavior of circadian clock to external stimuli
Authors: Zhang Tao , Liu Yu , Yang Ling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmplitude changes caused by environmental cues are universal in the circadian clock and associated with various diseases. Singularity behavior, characterized by the disruption of circadian rhythms due to critical stimuli, has been observed across various species. Several mathematical models of the circadian clock have replicated this phenomenon. A comprehensive understanding of the amplitude response remains elusive due to experimental limitations. In this study, we address this question by utilizing a simple normal form model that accurately fits previous experimental data, thereby presenting a general mechanism. We employ a geometric framework to illustrate the dynamics in different stimuli of light-induced transcription (LIT) and light-induced degradation (LID), highlighting the core role of invisible instability in amplitude response. Our model systematically elucidates how stimulus mode, phase, and strength determine amplitude responses. The results show that external stimuli induce alterations in both the amplitudes of individual oscillators and the synchronization among oscillators, collectively influencing the overall amplitude response. While experimental methods impose constraints resulting in limited outcomes under specific conditions, our model provides a comprehensive and three-dimensional mechanistic explanation. A comparison with existing experimental findings demonstrates the consistency of our proposed mechanism. Considering the response direction, the framework enables the identification of phases that lead to increased circadian amplitude. Based on this mechanism derived from the framework, stimulus strategies for resetting circadian rhythms with reduced side effects could be designed. Our results demonstrate that the framework has great potential for understanding and applying stimulus responses in the circadian clock and other limit cycle oscillations.
Modified influenza M158–66 peptide vaccination induces non-relevant T-cells and may enhance pathology after challenge
Authors: Lanfermeijer Josien , van de Ven Koen , van Dijken Harry , Hendriks Marion , Talavera Ormeño Cami M. P. , de Heij Femke , Roholl Paul , Borghans José A. M. , van Baarle Debbie , de Jonge Jørgen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCD8 + T cells are promising targets for vaccination against influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Their induction via peptide vaccination is not trivial, because peptides are weakly immunogenic. One strategy to overcome this is by vaccination with chemically enhanced altered peptide ligands (CPLs), which have improved MHC-binding and immunogenicity. It remains unknown how peptide-modification affects the resulting immune response. We studied the effect of CPLs derived from the influenza M158–66 epitope (GILGFVFTL) on the T-cell response. In HLA-A2*0201 transgenic mice, CPL-vaccination led to higher T-cell frequencies, but only a small percentage of the induced T cells recognized the GILG-wildtype (WT) peptide. CPL-vaccination resulted in a lower richness of the GILG-WT-specific T-cell repertoire and no improved protection against IAV-infection compared to GILG-WT peptide-vaccination. One CPL even appeared to enhance pathology after IAV-challenge. CPL-vaccination thus induces T cells not targeting the original peptide, which may lead to potential unwanted side effects.
The need for a clinical case definition in test-negative design studies estimating vaccine effectiveness
Authors: Sullivan Sheena G. , Khvorov Arseniy , Huang Xiaotong , Wang Can , Ainslie Kylie E. C. , Nealon Joshua , Yang Bingyi , Cowling Benjamin J. , Tsang Tim K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTest negative studies have been used extensively for the estimation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE). Such studies are able to estimate VE against medically-attended illness under certain assumptions. Selection bias may be present if the probability of participation is associated with vaccination or COVID-19, but this can be mitigated through use of a clinical case definition to screen patients for eligibility, which increases the likelihood that cases and non-cases come from the same source population. We examined the extent to which this type of bias could harm COVID-19 VE through systematic review and simulation. A systematic review of test-negative studies was re-analysed to identify studies ignoring the need for clinical criteria. Studies using a clinical case definition had a lower pooled VE estimate compared with studies that did not. Simulations varied the probability of selection by case and vaccination status. Positive bias away from the null (i.e., inflated VE consistent with the systematic review) was observed when there was a higher proportion of healthy, vaccinated non-cases, which may occur if a dataset contains many results from asymptomatic screening in settings where vaccination coverage is high. We provide an html tool for researchers to explore site-specific sources of selection bias in their own studies. We recommend all groups consider the potential for selection bias in their vaccine effectiveness studies, particularly when using administrative data.
Infection pre-Ad26.COV2.S-vaccination primes greater class switching and reduced CXCR5 expression by SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells
Authors: Krause Robert G. E. , Moyo-Gwete Thandeka , Richardson Simone I. , Makhado Zanele , Manamela Nelia P. , Hermanus Tandile , Mkhize Nonhlanhla N. , Keeton Roanne , Benede Ntombi , Mennen Mathilda , Skelem Sango , Karim Farina , Khan Khadija , Riou Catherine , Ntusi Ntobeko A. B. , Goga Ameena , Gray Glenda , Hanekom Willem , Garrett Nigel , Bekker Linda-Gail , Groll Andreas , Sigal Alex , Moore Penny L. , Burgers Wendy A. , Leslie Alasdair 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeutralizing antibodies strongly correlate with protection for COVID-19 vaccines, but the corresponding memory B cells that form to protect against future infection are relatively understudied. Here we examine the effect of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on the magnitude and phenotype of the memory B cell response to single dose Johnson and Johnson (Ad26.COV2.S) vaccination in South African health care workers. Participants were either naïve to SARS-CoV-2 or had been infected before vaccination. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B-cells expand in response to Ad26.COV2.S and are maintained for the study duration (84 days) in all individuals. However, prior infection is associated with a greater frequency of these cells, a significant reduction in expression of the germinal center chemokine receptor CXCR5, and increased class switching. These B cell features correlated with neutralization and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, and with the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 specific circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh). Vaccination-induced effective neutralization of the D614G variant in both infected and naïve participants but boosted neutralizing antibodies against the Beta and Omicron variants only in participants with prior infection. In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8+ T cell response correlated with increased memory B cell expression of the lung-homing receptor CXCR3, which was sustained in the previously infected group. Finally, although vaccination achieved equivalent B cell activation regardless of infection history, it was negatively impacted by age. These data show that phenotyping the response to vaccination can provide insight into the impact of prior infection on memory B cell homing, CSM, cTfh, and neutralization activity. These data can provide early signals to inform studies of vaccine boosting, durability, and co-morbidities.
Eco-friendly remediation of tetracycline antibiotic from polluted water using waste-derived surface re-engineered silica sand
Authors: Al-Hashimi Osamah , Hashim Khalid , Loffill Edward , Nakouti Ismini , Faisal Ayad A. H. , Čebašek Tina Marolt 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA new green reactive adsorbent (calcium ferric oxide silica sand (CFO-SS)) made from wastepaper sludge ash and ferric ions was synthesised and shown to remove tetracycline antibiotics (TC) from contaminated water effectively. The synthesised sand was dried at 95 °C, and a series of batch and fixed bed experiments were performed to determine the optimum operating conditions. Results showed that the adsorption capacity of the CFO-SS increases with the concentration gradient between the solid and liquid phases. 0.3 g of the new adsorbent was proven sufficient to remove more than 90% of the TC at a pollutant dose of 50 mg/L in 50 mL of simulated groundwater with an agitation speed of 200 rpm for 3 h. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir isotherm model, with a loading capacity of 21.96 mg/g at pH 7, while the Pseudo second-order model best described the absorption kinetics. The adsorption mechanisms proposed included electrostatic interaction, intraparticle diffusion, hydrogen bonding, and cation-π interactions. Characterisation investigations revealed that the newly precipitated oxides on silica sand play an essential role in TC adsorption support. In fixed-bed experiments, it was discovered that reducing the flow rate and inflow concentration of TC and increasing the sorbent mass significantly extended the lifetime of the produced sorbent in the packed column. The measured breakthrough curves were best fit with the Adams-Bohart and the Clark models, as they provided the highest square root number (R2) values. Finally, considering the efficacy of CFO-SS in TC adsorption performance, it can be noted that the novel synthesised reactive material is an efficient and environmentally friendly material for TC removal, and it presents a potential solution to resolving the challenge of TC-rich groundwater.
Using AI and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging to assess liver function, comparing the MELIF score with the ALBI score
Authors: Río Bártulos Carolina , Senk Karin , Bade Ragnar , Schumacher Mona , Kaiser Nico , Plath Jan , Planert Mathis , Stroszczynski Christian , Woetzel Jan , Wiggermann Philipp 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMonitoring disease progression is particularly important for determining the optimal treatment strategy in patients with liver disease. Especially for patients with diseases that have a reversible course, there is a lack of suitable tools for monitoring liver function. The development and establishment of such tools is very important, especially in view of the expected increase in such diseases in the future. Image-based liver function parameters, such as the T1 relaxometry-based MELIF score, are ideally suited for this purpose. The determination of this new liver function score is fully automated by software developed with AI technology. In this study, the MELIF score is compared with the widely used ALBI score. The ALBI score was used as a benchmark, as it has been shown to better capture the progression of less severe liver disease than the MELD and Child‒Pugh scores. In this study, we retrospectively determined the ALBI and MELIF scores for 150 patients, compared these scores with the corresponding MELD and Child‒Pugh scores (Pearson correlation), and examined the ability of these scores to discriminate between good and impaired liver function (AUC: MELIF 0.8; ALBI 0.77) and to distinguish between patients with and without cirrhosis (AUC: MELIF 0.83, ALBI 0.79). The MELIF score performed more favourably than the ALBI score and may also be suitable for monitoring mild disease progression. Thus, the MELIF score is promising for closing the gap in the available early-stage liver disease monitoring tools (i.e., identification of liver disease at a potentially reversible stage before chronic liver disease develops).