bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CREATING A FRACTURE REDUCTION AND WIRE NAVIGATION SIMULATOR FOR ORTHOPAEDIC SKILLS TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT
Authors: Tatum Marcus , Long Steven , Anderson Don , Thomas Geb 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We describe a novel surgical simulator designed to train and assess an orthopaedic residents surgical skill on the tasks of fracture reduction and surgical wire navigation. We use a unique approach of combining accurate surgical models created using patient CT data along with a 3D tracking system that allows for realistic, real-time imaging along with automated performance tracking and benchmarking. Additionally, we have devised a method for tracking the surgical wire associated with the procedure to allow for a complete simulation of reducing and pinning a pediatric elbow fracture.
TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WEARABLE DEVICE TO MANAGE UPPER EXTREMITY LYMPHEDEMA
Authors: Thomas Leah , Jarvis Seth , Wenger Laura , Newberry Tara , Muelenaer Jr. Andre , Arena Christopher B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
3 to 5 million Americans are affected by lymphedema and 140 to 200 million patients worldwide [1,2]. The chronic, progressive condition is only treatable, but not curable, leaving patients with debilitating symptoms that can significantly impair their quality of life [3]. Treatments include manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) massage and compression garments, often applied sequentially. MLD is limited by consistent access to a qualified lymphedema therapist. Our wearable device utilizes vibration to mimic the patterns of massage in MLD. The long-term goal is to enable at-home maintenance therapy between MLD sessions and improve the overall management of lymphedema. Acceleration, frequency, and sound levels of our motors were tested and compared to current clinical solutions. Acceleration testing was conducted by placing an accelerometer in a tissue model at varying distances to collect acceleration data at different duty cycles. Frequency data was calculated in MATLAB using FFT. Acceleration, sound frequency, and sound level of our motors were all within a close range of the values collected from clinical tools. The acceleration frequency of the motors rose slightly with an increased duty cycle, but did not exceed the smaller clinical tool frequency values. Based on our testing, the motors used in our device are comparable to clinical tools currently used by certified lymphedema therapists.
Can Shoulder Impairments Be Classified From 3-Dimensional Kinematics Using Inertial Sensors?
Authors: Mazuquin Bruno , Gill Karl Peter , Monga Puneet , Selfe James , Richards Jim 
Published: June 2023

Inertial sensors may help clinicians to assess patients’ movement and potentially support clinical decision making. Our aim was to determine whether shoulder range of motion during movement tasks measured using inertial sensors is capable of accurately discriminating between patients with different shoulder problems. Inertial sensors were used to measure 3-dimensional shoulder motion during 6 tasks of 37 patients on the waiting list for shoulder surgery. Discriminant function analysis was used to identify whether the range of motion of different tasks could classify patients with different shoulder problems. The discriminant function analysis could correctly classify 91.9% of patients into one of the 3 diagnostic groups based. The tasks that associated a patient with a particular diagnostic group were the following: subacromial decompression: abduction, rotator cuff repair of tears ≤5 cm: flexion and rotator cuff repair of tears >5 cm: combing hair, abduction, and horizontal abduction–adduction. The discriminant function analysis showed that range of motion measured by inertial sensors can correctly classify patients and could be used as a screening tool to support surgery planning.
Along-strike seismotectonic segmentation reflecting megathrust seismogenic behavior
Authors: Kosari Ehsan , Rosenau Matthias , Metzger Sabrina , Oncken Onno 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Understanding the along-strike seismogenic behavior of megathrusts is crucial to anticipating seismic hazards in subduction zones. However, if and how spatiotemporal frictional heterogeneity (high and low kinematic coupling) at depth feeds back into the upper-plate deformation pattern and how the upper-plate elastic signals and permanent records may correlate have yet to be fully understood. Hence, we mimic subduction megathrust seismic cycles using an analog seismotectonic model of an elastoplastic wedge overlying a frictionally heterogeneous megathrust. Coseismically, the zone above the down-dip limit of the aseismic and seismogenic patches undergoes extension and contraction, respectively, while the strain state shows a switch in polarity from coseismic to interseismic. The down-dip limit of the creeping zone produces permanent along-strike extension or contraction, depending on the frictional barrier strength. Our experiments show that the frictional locking heterogeneity generates more segmented along-strike strain patterns elastically (short term) than permanently (long term). Moreover, our results suggest that along-strike upper-plate strain patterns could serve as a proxy for interpreting persistent lateral variations of seismogenic behavior in subduction megathrusts.
Supplemental Material: Sr-Nd-Ca isotopic variations of Cenozoic calc-alkaline and alkaline volcanic rocks above a slab tear in Western Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Deng Hao , al. et 
Published: June 2023

<p> Supplemental Text S1: Corresponding detailed descriptions of the analytical methods. Figure S1: (a) SiO2 versus Na2O + K2O classification diagram from Middlemost (1994); (b) Zr/TiO2 versus Nb/Y classification from Winchester and Floyd (1977); (c) SiO2 versus K2O diagram. Figure S2: Variation diagrams of δ44/40Ca values versus LOI contents. Figure S3: Variation diagrams of CaO, Al2O3 and Eu/Eu* versus SiO2 for the Gördes dacites. Figure S4: Variation diagrams of SiO2, Nb/Nb* and La/Smcn versus 87Sr/86Sri for the Gördes dacites. Figure S5: Variation diagrams of MgO, TFe2O3, CaO and CaO/Al2O3 versus SiO2 for the Kula basalts. Figure S6: Variation diagrams of SiO2, La/Smcn, Nb/Nb* versus ɛNd (t) and 1/Sr versus (87Sr/86Sr)i for the Kula basalts. Figure S7: Variation diagrams of La/Sm versus Sm/Yb. Figure S8: Selected cathodoluminescence images and U-Pb concordia diagrams of analyzed zircons of dacites. Table S1: SHRIMP U-Pb data for zircons from Gördes dacites. Table S2: Major and trace elemental compositions of dacites and basalts. Table S3: Measured and recommended trace element concentrations (ppm) for AGV-2, BHVO-2, BCR-2 and RGM2. Table S4: Whole rock Sr-Nd compositions and calculations of basalts and dacites. Table S5: (a) Modeling calculation of Ca isotope fractionation during partial melting of spinel peridotite, (b) modeling calculation of Ca isotope fractionation during partial melting of garnet peridotite, and (c) modeling calcium isotope fractionation during partial melting of garnet pyroxenite. </p>
Congenital mirror movements are associated with defective polymerisation of RAD51
Authors: Trouillard Oriane , Dupaigne Pauline , Dunoyer Margaux , Doulazmi Mohamed , Herlin Morten Krogh , Frismand Solène , Riou Audrey , Legros Véronique , Chevreux Guillaume , Veaute Xavier , Busso Didier , Fouquet Coralie , Saint-Martin Cécile , Méneret Aurélie , Trembleau Alain , Dusart Isabelle , Dubacq Caroline , Roze Emmanuel 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMirror movements are involuntary movements of one hand that mirror intentional movements of the other hand. Congenital mirror movements (CMM) is a rare genetic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance, in which mirror movements are the main neurological manifestation. CMM is associated with an abnormal decussation of the corticospinal tract, a major motor tract for voluntary movements. RAD51 is known to play a key role in homologous recombination with a critical function in DNA repair. WhileRAD51haploinsufficiency was first proposed to explain CMM, other mechanisms could be involved.MethodsWe performed Sanger sequencing ofRAD51in five newly identified CMM families to identify new pathogenic variants. We further investigated the expression of wild-type and mutant RAD51 in the patients’ lymphoblasts at mRNA and protein levels. We then characterised the functions of RAD51 altered by non-truncating variants using biochemical approaches.ResultsThe level of wild-type RAD51 protein was lower in the cells of all patients with CMM compared with their non-carrier relatives. The reduction was less pronounced in asymptomatic carriers.In vitro, mutant RAD51 proteins showed loss-of-function for polymerisation, DNA binding and strand exchange activity.ConclusionOur study demonstrates thatRAD51haploinsufficiency, including loss-of-function of non-truncating variants, results in CMM. The incomplete penetrance likely results from post-transcriptional compensation. Changes in RAD51 levels and/or polymerisation properties could influence guidance of the corticospinal axons during development. Our findings open up new perspectives to understand the role of RAD51 in neurodevelopment.
A tale of two moraines and the discovery of Ice Ages
Authors: Hestmark Geir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The discovery of Ice Ages is one of the most revolutionary advances ever made in the Earth sciences. In Norway this discovery was made by Danish–Norwegian geoscientist Jens Esmark and his young student Niels Otto Tank, who on a mountain traverse in early September 1823 observed a number of geomorphological features produced by an extant glacier, and compared these to similar features they had previously noted where glaciers today are absent. Seeing a recent moraine pushed up by an extant glacier they suddenly realized that a big ridge of gravel they had earlier seen at sea-level in Southern Norway had to be an ancient moraine, deposited by a big glacier at a time when the climate was substantially colder than today. The brevity of Esmark's account made the precise location of the site of enlightenment remain a mystery for almost two hundred years until it was rediscovered by the author in 2008. This paper describes the crucial site and its lessons.
Temozolomide Sensitizes ARID1A-Mutated Cancers to PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Yu Zheng-Cheng , Li Tianhe , Tully Ellen , Huang Peng , Chen Chih-Ning , Oberdoerffer Philipp , Gaillard Stephanie , Shih Ie-Ming , Wang Tian-Li 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

ARID1A is a subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes and is mutated in many types of human cancers, especially those derived from endometrial epithelium, including ovarian and uterine clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and endometrioid carcinoma (EMCA). Loss-of-function mutations in ARID1A alter epigenetic regulation of transcription, cell-cycle checkpoint control, and DNA damage repair. We report here that mammalian cells with ARID1A deficiency harbor accumulated DNA base lesions and increased abasic (AP) sites, products of glycosylase in the first step of base excision repair (BER). ARID1A mutations also delayed recruitment kinetics of BER long-patch repair effectors. Although ARID1A-deficient tumors were not sensitive to monotherapy with DNA-methylating temozolomide (TMZ), the combination of TMZ with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) potently elicited double-strand DNA breaks, replication stress, and replication fork instability in ARID1A-deficient cells. The TMZ and PARPi combination also significantly delayed in vivo growth of ovarian tumor xenografts carrying ARID1A mutations and induced apoptosis and replication stress in xenograft tumors. Together, these findings identified a synthetic lethal strategy to enhance the response of ARID1A-mutated cancers to PARP inhibition, which warrants further experimental exploration and clinical trial validation.

Significance:
The combination of temozolomide and PARP inhibitor exploits the specific DNA damage repair status of ARID1A-inactivated ovarian cancers to suppress tumor growth.
New records of Basilia Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea: Nycteribiidae) from Colombia
Authors: Wolff Marta , Cogollo-Arias Jesús Antonio , Cardona-Duque Juliana , Henao-Sepulveda Carolina , Solari Sergio 
Published: June 2023

The Nycteribiidae is a group of ectoparasitic and hematophagous flies associated with bats and barely known in Colombia. The revision of previously collected material and additional fieldwork through various regions in Colombia let us to identify various fly species and their associated bats. Particularly, this is the first record of the species Basilia tiptoni Guimarães, 1966, for Colombia, collected on the bat Gardnerycteris keenani (Handley, 1960) (Mammalia: Chiroptera), from the Antioquia and Sucre departments. Additionally, and as a new geographic and host record, the species Basilia ferrisi Schuurmans Stekhoven, Jr., 1931 was found on the bat Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) from the Sucre department.
Global Temperature Projections from a Statistical Energy Balance Model Using Multiple Sources of Historical Data
Authors: Bennedsen Mikkel , Hillebrand Eric , Zhou Lykke Jingying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper estimates a two-component energy balance model as a linear state-space system (EBM-SS model) using historical data. It is a joint model for the temperature in the mixed layer, the temperature in the deep ocean layer, and radiative forcing. The EBM-SS model allows for the modeling of nonstationarity in forcing and the incorporation of multiple data sources for the unobserved processes. We estimate the EBM-SS model using historical datasets at the global level for the period 1955–2020 by maximum likelihood. We show in the empirical estimation and in simulations that using multiple data sources for the unobserved processes reduces parameter estimation uncertainty. When fitting the EBM-SS model to six observational global mean surface temperature (GMST) anomaly series, the GMST projections under representative concentration pathway scenarios are comparable to those from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project models. The results show that a simple statistical climate model estimated on the historical period can produce GMST projections compatible with output from large-scale Earth system models.

Significance Statement
We develop a statistical model to understand Earth’s energy balance and how it impacts temperature across the planet’s surface and deep oceans. Unlike previous approaches, ours is fully statistical. This means that we use maximum likelihood to calculate the estimates and evaluate the level of uncertainty in the model’s parameters. By applying the model to historical data from 1955 to 2020, we are able to make predictions about the average global surface temperature that are consistent with those from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Our findings support current predictions about global temperatures using a straightforward statistical climate model, grounded in historical data.
Geostrophic and Mesoscale Eddy Contributions to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Decline under CO2 Increase in the GFDL CM2-O Model Suite
Authors: Fortin Anne-Sophie , Dufour Carolina O. , Merlis Timothy M. , Msadek Rym 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The pattern and magnitude of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) in response to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration greatly differ across climate models in particular due to differences in the representation of oceanic processes. Here, we investigate the response of the AMOC to an idealized climate change scenario, along with the drivers of this response, in the three configurations of a coupled climate model suite with varying resolutions in the ocean (1°, 0.25°, 0.10°). In response to the CO2 increase, the AMOC shows a reduction of similar magnitude in the low and high resolutions, while a muted response is found in the medium resolution. A decomposition of the AMOC into its geostrophic and residual components reveals that most of the AMOC reduction is due to a weakening of the geostrophic streamfunction driven by temperature anomalies, partly opposed by a strengthening of the geostrophic streamfunction driven by salinity anomalies. Changes in the AMOC due to the mesoscale eddy streamfunction contribute to 13% and 17% of the AMOC decline in the low and high resolutions, respectively, but induce very little change in the medium resolution. The similar response of the AMOC strength in the low and high resolutions hides important differences in the contribution and pattern of the geostrophic and eddy streamfunctions. The lack of sensitivity of the medium resolution to the CO2 forcing is due to a weak connection between the deep water formation regions in the northern subpolar gyre and the Deep Western Boundary Current.

Significance Statement
The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is a major system of ocean currents in the Atlantic that contributes to shaping the climate at regional and global scales, notably through the transport of heat from the low to the high latitudes. A major slowdown of the AMOC over the twenty-first century is predicted by current climate models in response to increasing greenhouse gases. Yet, the magnitude and timing of this slowdown are uncertain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expected weakening of the AMOC using state-of-the-art numerical climate models that include higher resolutions than typically used in climate change assessments. Our results provide insights into the mechanisms driving the weakening of the AMOC and into differences arising from model resolutions.
Changing Storm Temporal Patterns with Increasing Temperatures across Australia
Authors: Visser Johan B. , Wasko Conrad , Sharma Ashish , Nathan Rory 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It is well known that as a consequence of climate change, higher temperatures are causing extreme precipitation events to intensify, leading to greater flooding. However, the relationship between temperature and the temporal distribution of precipitation within storms is not well understood, with limited research focus on precipitation event loading or where the bulk of the precipitation occurs within the storm duration. Here, we investigate the relationship between temperature and the temporal pattern of precipitation, with a focus on event loading. Historical trend analyses based on station observations reveal that precipitation events have become increasingly front loaded (i.e., a greater percentage of precipitation falling earlier in the storm) across Australia over the past six decades. This increased frontal loading of precipitation events coincides with increasing trends in representative storm temperatures, with higher temperatures associated with a greater proportion of short-duration convective events. Linking these precipitation events with the representative storm temperatures shows that precipitation events become more front loaded with increasing temperature across nearly all event durations and intensities, with the emphasis on shorter duration (<6 h) events in the tropics. There is a clear systematic shift toward more front-loaded temporal patterns of precipitation with increasing temperature, coupled with intensification of embedded bursts. These results have implications for potentially increased flooding, with hydrological applications needing to account for nonstationarity in the temporal pattern of precipitation.

Significance Statement
To date, there is very little understanding of how temporal patterns of precipitation events change with increasing temperatures. Here, we investigate the relationship between temperature and the temporal pattern of precipitation events with a focus on the timing of when the bulk of precipitation occurs (termed event loading). Our results indicate a clear systematic shift toward more front-loaded temporal patterns of precipitation with increasing temperature, coupled with intensification of embedded bursts. Greater shifts in temporal patterns of precipitation are observed for shorter-duration precipitation events, particularly in the tropics. The impact of changing temporal patterns of precipitation on flood estimation will require careful examination due to the risk of increased flood peaks.
Sensitivity of Antarctic Shelf Waters and Abyssal Overturning to Local Winds
Authors: Morrison Adele K. , Huneke Wilma G. C. , Neme Julia , Spence Paul , Hogg Andrew McC. , England Matthew H. , Griffies Stephen M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Winds around the Antarctic continental margin are known to exert a strong control on the local ocean stratification and circulation. However, past work has largely focused on the ocean response to changing winds in limited regional sectors and the circumpolar dynamical response to polar wind change remains uncertain. In this work, we use a high-resolution global ocean–sea ice model to investigate how dense shelf water formation and the temperature of continental shelf waters respond to changes in the zonal and meridional components of the polar surface winds. Increasing the zonal easterly wind component drives an enhanced southward Ekman transport in the surface layer, raising sea level over the continental shelf and deepening coastal isopycnals. The downward isopycnal movement cools the continental shelf, as colder surface waters replace warmer waters below. However, in this model the zonal easterly winds do not impact the strength of the abyssal overturning circulation, in contrast to past idealized model studies. Instead, increasing the meridional wind speed strengthens the abyssal overturning circulation via a sea ice advection mechanism. Enhanced offshore meridional wind speed increases the northward export of sea ice, resulting in decreased sea ice thickness over the continental shelf. The reduction in sea ice coverage leads to increased air–sea heat loss, sea ice formation, brine rejection, dense shelf water formation, and abyssal overturning circulation. Increasing the meridional winds causes warming at depth over most of the continental shelf, due to a heat advection feedback associated with the enhanced overturning circulation.
Volcanic Imprints in Last-Millennium Land Summer Temperatures in the Circum–North Atlantic Area
Authors: Wang Feng , Arseneault Dominique , Boucher Étienne , Gennaretti Fabio , Lapointe Francois , Yu Shulong , Francus Pierre 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Summer cooling is one of the most direct consequences of explosive volcanic eruptions that can affect ecosystems and human societies. Recent studies revealed a multiyear cooling impact on hemispheric and global summer temperatures after tropical eruptions, yet the volcanic responses appear to vary on regional scales. Here, we revisit volcano-induced summer cooling in eastern Canada and northern and central Europe by applying superposed epoch analysis on CMIP6-PMIP4 simulations and millennial temperature reconstructions based on tree-ring density. We then examine potential causes modulating region-specific volcanic impact. While confirming that, on average, tropical eruptions over the last millennium have induced a longer cooling (>4 yr) than eruptions from extratropical Northern Hemisphere in all three North Atlantic regions, we show that the peak magnitude of cooling is stronger in eastern Canada. We also find that the detected volcanic temperature anomalies can be strongly affected by the selection and number of volcanic events and nonvolcanic signals embedded in the climate time series. This study highlights the risks of using highly noisy proxy records to investigate volcanic impacts, especially in regions with strong unforced climate variability. The CMIP6-PMIP4 simulations generally agree with the three reconstructions on the average response to tropical eruptions, but their performance is poorer regarding the production of significant cooling after extratropical eruptions. Our results further suggest that the particular sensitivity to tropical eruptions in eastern Canada is likely related to increased sea ice surrounding Quebec–Labrador associated with the positive Arctic Oscillation and North Atlantic Oscillation formed during the first posteruption winter.