bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FADM-SLAM: a fast and accurate dynamic intelligent motion SLAM for autonomous robot exploration involving movable objects
Authors: Ul Islam Qamar , Ibrahim Haidi , Chin Pan Kok , Lim Kevin , Abdullah Mohd Zaid 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Many popular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques have low accuracy, especially when localizing environments containing dynamically moving objects since their presence can potentially cause inaccurate data associations. To address this issue, the proposed FADM-SLAM system aims to improve the accuracy of SLAM techniques in environments containing dynamically moving objects. It uses a pipeline of feature-based approaches accompanied by sparse optical flow and multi-view geometry as constraints to achieve this goal.

Design/methodology/approach
FADM-SLAM, which works with monocular, stereo and RGB-D sensors, combines an instance segmentation network incorporating an intelligent motion detection strategy (iM) with an optical flow technique to improve location accuracy. The proposed AS-SLAM system comprises four principal modules, which are the optical flow mask and iM, the ego motion estimation, dynamic point detection and the feature-based extraction framework.

Findings
Experiment results using the publicly available RGBD-Bonn data set indicate that FADM-SLAM outperforms established visual SLAM systems in highly dynamic conditions.

Originality/value
In summary, the first module generates the indication of dynamic objects by using the optical flow and iM with geometric-wise segmentation, which is then used by the second module to compute the starting point of a posture. The third module, meanwhile, first searches for the dynamic feature points in the environment, and second, eliminates them from further processing. An algorithm based on epipolar constraints is implemented to do this. In this way, only the static feature points are retained, which are then fed to the fourth module for extracting important features.
Contemporary issues, current best practice and ways forward in soil protist ecology
Authors: Geisen Stefan , Lara Enrique , Mitchell Edward 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil protists are increasingly studied due to a release from previous methodological constraints and the acknowledgement of their immense diversity and functional importance in ecosystems. However, these studies often lack sufficient depth in knowledge, which is visible in the form of falsely used terms and false‐ or over‐interpreted data with conclusions that cannot be drawn from the data obtained. As we welcome that also non‐experts include protists in their still mostly bacterial and/or fungal‐focused studies, our aim here is to help avoid some common errors. We provide suggestions for current terms to use when working on soil protists, like protist instead of protozoa, predator instead of grazer, microorganisms rather than microflora and other terms to be used to describe the prey spectrum of protists. We then highlight some dos and don'ts in soil protist ecology including challenges related to interpreting 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data. We caution against the use of standard bioinformatic settings optimized for bacteria and the uncritical reliance on incomplete and partly erroneous reference databases. We also show why causal inferences cannot be drawn from sequence‐based correlation analyses or any sampling/monitoring, study in the field without thorough experimental confirmation and sound understanding of the biology of taxa. Together, we envision this work to help non‐experts to more easily include protists in their soil ecology analyses and obtain more reliable interpretations from their protist data and other biodiversity data that, in the end, will contribute to a better understanding of soil ecology.
Analysis of cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis and pulmonary infection: A case–control study
Authors: Si Xiaoyan , Zheng Xueqing , Tian Xinlun , Wang Hanping , Xu Yan , Zhao Jing , Chen Minjiang , Zhong Wei , Wang Mengzhao , Zhang Li , Zhang Xiaotong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a breakthrough in the field of cancer therapy. However, ICIs may cause immune‐related adverse reactions, including checkpoint inhibitor‐related pneumonitis (CIP). The aim of this study was to investigate cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with CIP compared with patients with pulmonary infection and patients with cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 34 cytokine levels and T cell subsets in BALF supernatant samples from ICI‐treated patients with CIP (n = 13), pulmonary infection (n = 10), and progressive cancer (n = 12). Cytokine levels and T cell subsets were compared among the three groups of patients.ResultsWe observed significantly higher levels of IFN‐γ‐induced protein 10(IP‐10) (p = 0.002), and percentage of CD3 + CD8 + T cells (p = 0.020) in BALF of patients with CIP compared with the other two groups. However, we found significantly lower levels of interleukin‐21 (p = 0.008) in BALF of patients with progressive disease compared with the other two groups.ConclusionsCytokine profile and character of cell subsets in BALF was helpful for the differential diagnosis of CIP. IP‐10 may play an important role in pathophysiology for CIP and also be a potential therapeutic target.
Selecting patients for early interdisciplinary rehabilitation during neurointensive care after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Alvsåker Kristin , Hanoa Rolf , Olasveengen Theresa M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly interdisciplinary rehabilitation (EIR) in neurointensive care is a limited resource reserved for patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) believed to profit from treatment. We evaluated how key parameters related to injury severity and patient characteristics were predictive of receiving EIR, and whether these parameters changed over time.MethodsAmong 1003 adult patients with moderate to severe TBI admitted over 72 h to neurointensive care unit during four time periods between 2005 and 2020, EIR was given to 578 and standard care to 425 patients. Ten selection criteria thought to best represent injury severity and patient benefit were evaluated (Glasgow Coma Scale, Head Abbreviated Injury Scale, New‐Injury‐Severity‐Scale, intracranial pressure monitoring, neurosurgery, age, employment, Charlson Comorbidity Index, severe psychiatric disease, and chronic substance abuse).ResultsIn multivariate regression analysis, patients who were employed (adjOR 1.99 [95% CI 1.41, 2.80]), had no/mild comorbidity (adjOR 3.15 [95% CI 1.72, 5.79]), needed neurosurgery, had increasing injury severity and were admitted by increasing time period were more likely to receive EIR, whereas receiving EIR was less likely with increasing age (adjOR 0.97 [95% CI 0.96, 0.98]) and chronic substance abuse. Overall predictive ability of the model was 71%. Median age and comorbidity increased while employment decreased from 2005 to 2020, indicating patient selection became less restrictive with time.ConclusionInjury severity and need for neurosurgery remain important predictors for receiving EIR, but the importance of age, employment, and comorbidity have changed over time. Moderate prediction accuracy using current clinical criteria suggest unrecognized factors are important for patient selection.
Endothelial cell telomere dysfunction induces senescence and results in vascular and metabolic impairments
Authors: Bloom Samuel I. , Liu Yu , Tucker Jordan R. , Islam Md Torikul , Machin Daniel R. , Abdeahad Hossein , Thomas Tyler G. , Bramwell R. Colton , Lesniewski Lisa A. , Donato Anthony J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn advanced age, increases in oxidative stress and inflammation impair endothelial function, which contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). One plausible source of this oxidative stress and inflammation is an increase in the abundance of senescent endothelial cells. Cellular senescence is a cell cycle arrest that occurs in response to various damaging stimuli. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that advanced age results in endothelial cell telomere dysfunction that induces senescence. In both human and mouse endothelial cells, advanced age resulted in an increased abundance of dysfunctional telomeres, characterized by activation of DNA damage signaling at telomeric DNA. To test whether this results in senescence, we selectively reduced the telomere shelterin protein telomere repeat binding factor 2 (Trf2) from endothelial cells of young mice. Trf2 reduction increased endothelial cell telomere dysfunction and resulted in cellular senescence. Furthermore, induction of endothelial cell telomere dysfunction increased inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress, resulting in impairments in endothelial function. Finally, we demonstrate that endothelial cell telomere dysfunction‐induced senescence impairs glucose tolerance. This likely occurs through increases in inflammatory signaling in the liver and adipose tissue, as well as reductions in microvascular density and vasodilation to metabolic stimuli. Cumulatively, the findings of the present study identify age‐related telomere dysfunction as a mechanism that leads to endothelial cell senescence. Furthermore, these data provide compelling evidence that senescent endothelial cells contribute to age‐related increases in oxidative stress and inflammation that impair arterial and metabolic function.
Activation of trace amine‐associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) transiently reduces alcohol drinking in socially housed mice
Authors: Frycz Bartosz Adam , Nowicka Klaudia , Konopka Anna , Hoener Marius Christian , Bulska Ewa , Kaczmarek Leszek , Stefaniuk Marzena 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlcohol dependence is characterized by the abnormal release of dopamine in the brain reward‐related areas. Trace amine‐associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a G protein‐coupled receptor that negatively regulates dopamine neurotransmission and thus is a promising target in the treatment of drug addiction. However, the role of TAAR1 in the regulation of alcohol abuse remains understudied. Here, we assessed the effect of TAAR1 activation on alcohol drinking behaviours of C57Bl/6J female mice housed in IntelliCages. The animals were administered with either vehicle or TAAR1 full selective agonist, RO5256390, and tested for alcohol consumption, alcohol preference and motivation for alcohol seeking. We found that mice with the highest preference for alcohol (high drinkers) in the RO5256390 group consumed less alcohol and had lower alcohol preference in comparison with high drinkers in the vehicle group, during 20 h of free alcohol access (FAA). We also found decreased alcohol consumption and alcohol preference comparing all animals in the RO5256390 to all animals in the vehicle group, during 20 h of FAA performed after the abstinence. These effects of RO5256390 lasted for the first 24 h after administration that roughly corresponded to the compound level in the brain, measured by mass spectrometry. Finally, we found that administration of RO5256390 may attenuate motivation for alcohol seeking. Taken together, our findings reveal that activation of TAAR1 may transiently reduce alcohol drinking; thus, TAAR1 is a promising target for the treatment of alcohol abuse and relapse.
Exploration for native parasitoids of Asian longhorned beetle in China as prospective biological control agents
Authors: Wei Ke , Li Fei , Tang Yan‐Long , Cao Liang‐Ming , Yang Zhong‐Qi , Gould Juli R. , Wang Xiao‐Yi , Wang Xingeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Native to China and the Korean Peninsula, the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a high‐risk invasive pest of hardwood trees.
To explore the potential of biological control of ALB in the United States, we conducted surveys of ALB parasitoids using sentinel logs in five geographical regions (Beijing, Gansu, Guizhou, Shanghai, and Yunnan) in China from 2019 to 2022.
Seven hymenopteran larval parasitoid species, Bracon planitibiae Yang, Eurytoma chinensis Yang, Heydenia sp., Oxysychus glabripennis Yang, Sclerodermus guani Xiao et Wu, Spathius anoplophorae Yang, and Zolotarewskya anoplophorae Yang, were collected in Beijing. Four, three and two of these species were also found in Shanghai, Guizhou, and Yunnan, respectively. No parasitoid was found in Gansu.
Mean parasitism rates by all parasitoid species were 3.6%–15.8% in Beijing, 1.4%–16.4% in Guizhou, 1.6%–7.1% in Shanghai, and 5.8% in Yunnan.
Spathius anoplophorae and O. glabripennis were the two most dominant parasitoids collected consistently in the four different regions and may be considered as prospective agents for biological control introduction against ALB in the United States.
We discuss some underlying ecological mechanisms that might contribute to the rarity of egg parasitoids and future opportunities and challenges for biological control of ALB.
Gender pay gaps in economics: A deeper look at institutional factors
Authors: Kim MinSub , Chen Joyce J. , Weinberg Bruce A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing rich data on graduate tenure‐track faculty, we explore the gender pay gap in academic departments of economics and agricultural/applied economics and the differences between them. We find that the gender pay gaps in economics and agricultural/applied economics are 8.3% and 4.1%, respectively, controlling for faculty rank, experience, and university affiliation. The gender pay gap increases with rank and varies across institutions. Productivity is an important determinant of wages but it explains little of the gender pay gap. While the lower unexplained gap in agricultural/applied economics is laudable, a greater share of women who are assistant and associate professors is part of the explanation. Given institutional differences, we explore the extent to which institutional factors—differences in the returns to observed characteristics, such as rank; unobserved characteristics; and institutional differences in pay levels—contribute to the gender pay gap.
The psychometric properties of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS‐6) and its associations with well‐being indicators in Hong Kong older adults
Authors: Chan Stephen Cheong Yu , Wong Chi Chung , Huang Qi Lu , Fung Cheuk Ki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveSocial networks play a vital role in facilitating late‐life health and well‐being. The current research sought to examine the psychometric properties of the abbreviated Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS‐6) among community‐dwelling Hong Kong Chinese older adults and to explore the association between social network and well‐being indicators such as life satisfaction, functional social support, loneliness and anxiety.MethodsWe administered the LSNS‐6 scale to 324 older adults (mean = 71.70, SD = 8.58, range: 58–95). We performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to confirm the construct validity. Cronbach's alpha was chosen for internal consistency estimation. Correlational analysis was performed between LSNS‐6 scale and other measures to ascertain the convergent validity.ResultsThe two‐factor model of LSNS‐6 indicated an adequate fit. The goodness‐of‐fit index values for the model were χ2/df = 2.61, CFI = 0.98, RSMEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.05. The internal consistency of the scale was α = 0.75. It also demonstrated good construct validity in measuring the social network and acceptable convergent validity to other measures.ConclusionsThe LSNS‐6, according to current findings, can be a valid reference to the social network of Hong Kong older adults, enabling researchers and clinicians to investigate and develop further corresponding remedies for those in need.
Hyperestrogenism is associated with sexual function impairment in men—findings from a cross‐sectional, real‐life study
Authors: Belladelli Federico , Boeri Luca , Fallara Giuseppe , Pozzi Edoardo , Corsini Christian , Cilio Simone , Capogrosso Paolo , D'Arma Alessia , Eisenberg Michael L. , Montorsi Francesco , Salonia Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHyperestrogenism is believed to be harmful to male sexuality. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and the impact of hyperestrogenism on sexual functioning in a cohort of men seeking medical attention for new‐onset erectile dysfunction.Materials and methodsData from 547 men seeking first medical help for new‐onset erectile dysfunction at a single andrology center were analyzed. Patients were assessed with a thorough medical and sexual history. Comorbidities were scored with the Charlson comorbidity index. All patients completed the International index of erectile function; the International index of erectile function‐erectile function domain was categorized according to Cappelleri's criteria. Circulating hormones were measured in every patient. Hyperestrogenism was defined as estradiol levels >42.6 pg/mL (Tan et al., 2015). Descriptive statistics and logistic/linear regression models tested the association between hyperestrogenism and International index of erectile function domains score.ResultsOverall, 96 (17.6%) participants had serum estrogen levels suggestive of hyperestrogenism. Men with hyperestrogenism were older (median [interquartile range]: 46 [35–59] vs. 44 [31–56] years; p < 0.001), had a higher rate of comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity index ≥1: 26.0% vs. 7.4%; p < 0.001), and higher serum total testosterone values (5.4 [5.2–8.0] vs. 4.3 [4.1–5.7] ng/mL; p = 0.01) than those with normal estradiol values. A higher prevalence of severe erectile dysfunction (135 [29.9%] vs. 47 [48.9%] men; p = 0.01) and of hypogonadism (22 [4.8%] vs. 6 [6.3%] men; p = 0.004) were found in men with hyperestrogenism. Serum estradiol levels were positively correlated with total testosterone levels (β = 0.26, p < 0.001) but negatively correlated with International index of erectile function‐orgasmic function (β = –0.24, p = 0.002) and International index of erectile function‐erectile function scores (β = –0.03, p < 0.001). When International index of erectile function scores was used to stratify erectile dysfunction patients, hyperestrogenism (odds ratio 2.44, p = 0.02) was associated with severe erectile dysfunction.ConclusionsOne out of five men seeking first medical help for erectile dysfunction showed elevated serum estradiol values suggestive of hyperestrogenism. Hyperestrogenism was associated with health‐significant comorbidities, orgasmic function impairment, and erectile dysfunction severity.
Prospective cohort study of high‐volume transanal irrigation in patients with constipation and/or faecal incontinence
Authors: Vollebregt Paul F. , Dekker Lisette , Han‐Geurts Ingrid J. M. , Felt‐Bersma Richelle J. F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to determine the clinical efficacy of high‐volume transanal irrigation (TAI) in patients with constipation and/or faecal incontinence using validated symptom and quality of life questionnaires.MethodThis was a prospective cohort study of 114 consecutive patients with constipation and/or faecal incontinence (Rome IV defined) who started TAI. A comprehensive questionnaire was completed at baseline and 4, 12, 26 and 52 weeks’ follow‐up. The primary objective was significant symptom reduction [≥30%; Cleveland Clinic Constipation Score (CCCS) and St Marks Incontinence Score (SMIS)] in those who continued TAI at 52 weeks. Secondary objectives were (1) continuation rates of TAI, (2) effect on quality of life (QoL) and (3) identification of predictors for continuation.ResultsA total of 59 (51.8%) patients with constipation, 26 (22.8%) with faecal incontinence and 29 (25.4%) with coexistent symptoms were included. At 52 weeks, 41 (36.0%) patients continued TAI, 63 (55.2%) stopped and 10 (8.8%) patients were lost to follow‐up. In those who continued TAI at 52 weeks (n = 41), no reduction of constipation symptoms was observed. Median Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life scores decreased on most domains, indicating QoL improvement. Reduction of faecal incontinence occurred in 5/9 (55.6%) patients with faecal incontinence and in 3/10 (30.0%) patients with coexistent symptoms. The median SMIS per‐individual decreased in patients with coexistent symptoms (2; interquartile range 0–4; p = 0.023). Median Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life scores increased in most domains, indicating improved QoL. No clinical characteristics predicted continuation.ConclusionOne‐third (n = 41) of patients continued TAI at 52 weeks. In those who continued TAI at 52 weeks, symptoms of faecal incontinence (SMIS) were reduced but not constipation (CCCS). QoL related to both constipation and faecal incontinence improved. No clinical characteristics predicted continuation.
Social networks of solitary carnivores: The case of endangered tigers and insights on their conservation
Authors: Carter Neil H. , Wilson Evan C. , Gurung Bhim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSolitary carnivores are an ecologically important taxa and at a high risk of extinction worldwide. Interactions between conspecifics can influence fitness outcomes and may help these animals cope with environmental and anthropogenic disturbances. However, the structure and maintenance of these interactions in solitary carnivore species is underexplored. In this research, we leveraged existing camera trap data on tigers (Panthera tigris)—a globally endangered and solitary carnivore species—in Nepal's Chitwan National Park to examine for the first time their social networks over 8 years (2008–2017). These networks assume that the co‐occurrence at camera trap locations represents an association between conspecifics. We found that tiger networks were fickle, remaining stable for about 3 years before dissolving. We also found that males were more likely than females to form bridges between other tigers, and resident tigers were more central in the networks than nonresidents. In addition, interactions between two animals were more frequent if they were of the opposite sex or were both residents. These insights have implications on disease transmission, population dynamics, and human‐wildlife conflict. Combined with camera trap monitoring programs, collecting data on the conspecific interactions of solitary carnivores can advance our knowledge of animal ecology and improve conservation planning.
Translation of the efficacy of antibody–drug conjugates from preclinical to clinical using a semimechanistic PK/PD model: A case study with RC88
Authors: Li Qiaoning , Wang Ling , Zhang Jinfeng , Zhao Guorui , Liu Zhihao , Ma Xinting , Jiang Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree semimechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models, Simeoni, Jumbe, and Hybrid, were used for the efficacy translation of RC88 from preclinical to clinical. RC88 is a mesothelin‐targeting antibody–drug conjugate for malignant solid tumor. In the preclinical study, the relationship between PKs and PDs was determined using the xenograft mouse model derived from ovarian cancer and lung cancer cell lines. A secondary parameter representing the efficacy index of the drug, termed as tumor static concentration (TSC), was calculated using the three semimechanistic PK/PD models. A mechanism‐based target‐mediated drug disposition model was used to predict the human PKs. TSC from mice and predicted human PK were integrated to predict human efficacy dose. Results showed that 2 cell lines were sensitive to drugs, and the predicted efficacy dose was between 0.82 and 1.96 mg/kg q1w.