bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Practice Make Perfect? Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network and Somatosensory Network Predicts Response to Mind-Body Treatments for Fibromyalgia
Authors: Medina Sonia , O’Daly Owen G. , Howard Matthew A. , Feliu-Soler Albert , Luciano Juan V. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Mind-body treatments can improve coping mechanisms, and occasionally perceived pain, in individuals with Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). However, their mechanisms-of-action remain unclear and predictors of treatment response are lacking. We employed resting-state blood oxygen level dependent (rsBOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to address this need by examining changes in brain functional connectivity (FC) following mind-body treatment. Patients with FMS underwent either mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), a psychoeducational programme (FibroQoL), or treatment-as-usual (TAU). We acquired rsBOLD data, alongside subjective pain, anxiety, depression, and catastrophizing measures prior to and following treatments. We examined behavioural and FC changes in the salience (SN) and sensorimotor (SMN) networks, performing regression analyses to identify predictors for treatment response. MBSR and FibroQoL groups experienced significant reductions in pain catastrophizing. FC between the SN and the SMN at baseline correlated negatively with pain reductions following MBSR, but positively correlated with pain reductions in the FibroQoL group. Minutes of mindfulness practice was positively associated with clinical improvement but only for patients with lower baseline SN FC with primary somatosensory cortex. Different mind-body treatments are underpinned by distinct effects on discrete brain networks. Measures of functional interplay between SN and SMN have potential as predictors of mind-body treatment response in patients with FMS.
One-year long turbulence measurements and modeling using large-eddy simulation domains in the Weather Research and Forecasting model
Authors: Peña Alfredo , Mirocha Jeffrey D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present an intercomparison of a full year of turbulence measurements and simulations at Østerild, a site in northern Denmark with relatively flat terrain and high surface roughness, where a high-quality tall meteorological mast is deployed. Both sonic and cup anemometers are mounted on booms on the mast from 7 up to 244 m, thus covering the range of heights in which modern wind turbines operate. The simulations were performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting model in a multiscale setup, with large-eddy simulations (LESs) nested one-way within mesoscale simulations. The mesoscale domains thus simulated the evolving weather, while the two innermost domains used a LES closure, permitting the largest scales of turbulence to be explicitly resolved. For a selected day, we show that the simulated turbulence is accurately resolved within the innermost LES domain, and agrees well with the observations at all vertical levels. For the full year, we show that the innermost domain accurately reproduces mean wind speed, direction, and turbulence levels, whereas the mesoscale simulations have difficulties matching the frequency of occurrence of both low and high turbulence ranges when compared to the observations. The largest differences between the simulated turbulence from the innermost domain and the observations are found under low wind speed conditions close to the surface, particularly during nighttime where the simulated mean wind and turbulence levels are higher and lower, respectively, than the observations, potentially due to the inability of the LES mesh to resolve the very small scales of turbulence and associated momentum transport that those features support.
Graphene Fluorescent Nanoparticles Efficiently Targeting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Huang Yanan , Wang Yunfeng , Zheng Tianyu , Nie Shuang , Wang Yanli , Shen Hui , Mo Fengfeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive, rapidly progressing fatal digestive tract tumor. Cancer-associated fibroblasts form a barrier to the penetration of drugs or therapeutic immune cells. Therefore, the inhibition of tumors by modulating CAFs or overcoming their barrier effect is a new tool for tumor therapy. This study aimed to reveal the efficiency of graphene fluorescent nanoparticles targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor cells and demonstrate the application prospects of nanomedicine.
Methods: We observed the co-localization effect of synthetic GFNPs on tumor cells and Cancer-associated fibroblasts in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer, and synthesized a new nano-drug based on GFNPs and gemcitabine. In vivo imaging system and confocal laser scanning microscope were used for observing the location of GFNPs in tissues. Immunofluorescence staining and Halo analysis are used to observe and count the co-location of GFNPs in the tumor microenvironment.
Results: GFNPs is not only abundantly deposited nearby tumor vessels but also penetrate tumor tissues to reach those regions far away from tumor vessels. Tagging data are as follows, GFNPs can label up to 30% of tumor cells or cancer-associated fibroblast cells inside human pancreatic cancer tissue and mouse tumor metastasis tissue. Over 60% of cancer-associated fibroblast cells in orthotopic pancreatic tumor tissues were marked by GFNPs. GFNPs localize in the nuclei of both αSMA-CAFs and adjacent tumor cells, then the fluorescence signal intensity was proportional to the tumor development cycle. The differences in the co-localization of GFNPs with the nuclei of positive Ki67-expressing tumor cells in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer were investigated in-depth, fully illustrating that the spatial location of GFNPs in the TME is closely related to the degree of tumor differentiation and progression, guiding the diagnosis of clinical tumors. Based on the dual targeting characteristics of GFNPs targeting CAFs and tumor cells, we combined GFNPs with gemcitabine to form a new nano-drug with an effective reduction of tumor volume and fewer side effects.
Conclusion: This study will provide useful insights into a dual-targeting strategy utilized in the field of pancreatic cancer therapy by targeting both CAFs and pancreatic cancer cells simultaneously.
Effects of ADHD and its medication on depression and anxiety in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yanyi , Liao Wenjing , Rao Yanxiao , Gao Weijia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: To comprehensively assess the effects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its medication on the risks of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents.
Methods: Comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science until May 19, 2022. The outcomes were depression (depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, major depressive disorder) and anxiety (anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, social phobia, separation anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder). Subgroup analysis was performed according to population (children <18 years old, adults ≥18 years old), sex (male, female) and duration of medication (<1 year, ≥1 year). Outcomes assessed by more than 10 studies were tested for publication bias through the Begg’s test.
Results: Thirty-one studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, with three only included for qualitative analysis. Individuals with ADHD had a significantly higher risk of depressive disorder than those without ADHD (pooled relative risk (RR)=2.26, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.34-3.80, P=0.002). Subjects with ADHD were at a significantly higher risk of major depressive disorder than those without ADHD (pooled RR=2.24, 95%CI=1.31-3.82, P=0.003). Individuals with ADHD had a significantly increased risk of specific phobia versus those without ADHD (pooled RR=1.68, 95%CI=1.16-2.44, P=0.006). The risk of social phobia in the ADHD groupwas significantly higher than that in the non-ADHD group (pooled RR=1.71, 95%CI=1.13-2.61, P=0.012). Subjects with ADHD were at a significantly elevated risk compared with those without ADHD (pooled RR=4.99, 95%CI=1.51-16.56, P=0.009). No significant associations were observed between ADHD stimulant or non-stimulant medication and the risk of depression, and between ADHD stimulant medication and the risk of anxiety (all P>0.05).
Conclusion: Children and adolescents with ADHD had higher risks of depressive disorder, major depressive disorder, specific phobia, social phobia, and agoraphobia than those without; ADHD medication had no significant effect on depression and anxiety.
Machinability of 28-year old plantation-grown Eucalyptus globoidea timber
Authors: Scown Hamish , Altaner Clemens , Lim Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Eucalyptus globoidea is an emerging plantation species in New Zealand. Its naturally durable heartwood has potential to be used for solid wood outdoor products such as garden furniture, playground equipment, or decking. Good machinability of a timber is essential for solid wood processing but was unknown for E. globoidea.
This study showed that E. globoidea heartwood machined equally well or better than Pinus radiata in planing, boring, mortising, grooving, edging, and turning. Sanding the higher density E. globoidea (air-dry density 723 kg/m3) was more difficult than the lower density P. radiata (air-dry density 461 kg/m3) but possible at lower sanding depth. Within species, density was not a relevant factor of machining grades. Defect types determining the machine scores were identified so processing strategies for improved outcomes could be devised, for example avoiding exit points for grooving and boring.
The results will give forest growers confidence in investing in E. globoidea plantations as no new processing machinery is needed for the well-established P. radiata wood processing industry to work with this timber.
Predictive Model for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) using Machine Learning and Data Mining
Authors: Dudhale Ashish , Mishra Akhilesh , Pise Priya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In Emergency Medical Services (EMS), we use Predictive modeling which is basically a statistical technique which anticipates and forecasts future occurrences using machine learning and data mining. Predictive modeling processes current and historical data acquired at a medical treatment using statistical methodologies, data mining, and other techniques. It allows for the formulation of most effective therapeutic regimens personalized for every patient or individual by enhancing client care depending on individual patient data. In the event of hospitalization and emergency care, where quick choices are required, prognostic models are quite useful. The overall purpose of these advanced procedures like regression modeling, parametric modeling and simulation is to improve problem solving, decision making and finding potential for healthcare. In this paper, Data Science and Machine Learning techniques and algorithms are used to create predictive model of the different obtained datasets. As first responders to life-threatening incidents, EMS plays a critical role in raising survival rates. Unbalanced EMS supply-demand distribution in the city, on the other hand, may result in a scarcity of available EMS services and postpone emergency care.
The association of intrauterine and postnatal growth patterns and nutritional status with toddler body composition
Authors: Masiakwala Elizabeth , Nyati Lukhanyo H. , Norris Shane A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Growth patterns may be indicative of underlying changes in body composition. However, few studies have assessed the association of growth and body composition in poorly resourced regions experiencing the double-burden of malnutrition exists. Thus, the aims of this study were to investigate the association of intrauterine and postnatal growth patterns with infant body composition at 2 years in a middle-income country.
Methods
Participants were from the International Atomic Energy Agency Multicentre Body Composition Reference study. Fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), Fat mass index (FMI), fat free mass index (FFMI), and percentage fat mass (%FM) were measured in 113 infants (56 boys and 57 girls), from Soweto, South Africa, using deuterium dilution from 3–24 months. Birthweight categories were classified using the INTERGROWTH-21 standards as small (SGA), appropriate (AGA), and large-for gestational age (LGA). Stunting (> -2 SDS) was defined using the WHO child growth standards. Birth weight z-score, conditional relative weight (CRW) and conditional length (CH) at 12 and 24 mo were regressed on body composition at 24 mo.
Results
There were no sex differences in FM, FFM, FMI and FFMI between 3 and 24 mo. SGA and AGA both had significantly higher %FM than LGA at 12 mo. LGA had higher FM at 24 mo. Children with stunting had lower FM (Mean = 1.94, 95% CI; 1.63–2.31) and FFM (Mean = 5.91, 95% CI; 5.58–6.26) at 12 mo than non-stunting, while the reverse was true for FFMI (Mean = 13.3, 95% CI; 12.5–14.2) at 6 mo. Birth weight and conditionals explained over 70% of the variance in FM. CRW at both 12 and 24 mo was positively associated with FM and FMI. CRW at 12 mo was also positively associated with FMI, while CH at 24 mo was negatively associated with both FFMI and FMI in boys.
Conclusion
Both LGA and SGA were associated with higher body fat suggesting that both are disadvantaged nutritional states, likely to increase the risk of obesity. Growth patterns through infancy and toddler period (1–2 years) are indicative of body fat, while growth patterns beyond infancy are less indicative of fat-free mass.
Declined Live Birth Rate from In Vitro Fertilization Fresh Cycles Performed during Chinese New Year Holiday Season
Authors: Zhai Jiajia , Zhang Junyan , He Jingfang , Li Guanqun , Hao Guimin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether there is an impact of the Chinese New Year (CNY) holiday season on the outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) fresh embryo transfer cycles.
Study Design: A retrospective study
Subjects: 4,688 patients receiving their first IVF fresh cycle attempt between January 2017 and October 2021 were included in the study, of which 4,449 women underwent IVF during non-holiday seasons, while 239 women were treated during the CNY holiday season.
Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcome was the live birth rate (LBR).
Result(s): The liver birth rate (LBR) of IVF performed during the CNY holiday season was 32.22%, significantly lower than that of the non-holiday season (43.38%, p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that the CNY holiday season (OR=0.62, 95%CI 0.47-0.82, p=0.001) was an independent factor associated with the live birth rate. Propensity score matching (PSM) data analysis showed the LBR in the CNY holiday season group is 31.78% versus 42.64% in the non-holiday season group (p=0.005). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) data also indicated that the CNY holiday season had a lower LBR than the non-holiday season (OR=0.64, 95%CI 0.47-0.87, p=0.005).
Conclusion: This research demonstrated for the first time the existence of a decline in the LBR of IVF performed during the CNY holiday season. IVF performed during the Chinese New Year holiday season results in a declined live birth rate. The abrupt lifestyle change, emotional stress, and traveling may have contributed to such an effect.
Opioid-sparing anaesthesia protocol on gastrointestinal function after benign gynaecological laparoscopic surgery: a prospective randomized controlled double-blind study
Authors: Ma Yuhua , Zhang Ran , Cao Xue , Zhang Lin , Bao Suozhu , Ren Jie , Ma Weiwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal hypokinesis can occur transiently after benign gynecologic surgery. Opioids cause the side effect of postoperative gastrointestinal hypokinesis, but an opioid-sparing anaesthetic protocol based on esketamine reduces intraoperative opioid consumption. Therefore, this study hypothesised that an opioid-sparing anaesthetic protocol based on esketamine would shorten the gastrointestinal function recovery time after benign gynaecological laparoscopic surgery.
Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled double-blind study conducted in a single centre. All patients scheduled for elective benign laparoscopic gynaecological surgery at Xing'an Meng People's Hospital, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, from November 2021 to April 2022 were consecutively enrolled and randomly divided into the opioid-sparing anaesthesia group (Group OS) and the conventional anaesthesia group (Group C). Postoperative first exhaust time, feeding time and postoperative nausea and/or vomiting (PONV) were observed in both groups.
Results: A total of 71 patients were enrolled in this study, including 35 in Group OS and 36 in Group C. The general condition, operative time, type of surgery, intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative fluid volume and intraoperative urine volume were not statistically different between the two groups. Compared with Group C, significantly shorter anaesthesia resuscitation time (7 [6,9] h vs. 9 [7,11] h, p = 0.013) and first postoperative exhaustion time (11 [8,14] h vs. 14 [11,18], p = 0.003) were observed in the OS group. The incidence of PONV in Group OS was significantly lower compared with Group C (11.4% vs. 41.7%, p = 0.007).
Conclusion: The esketamine-based opioid-sparing anaesthesia protocol may shorten gastrointestinal function recovery time, reduce the incidence of PONV, and promote early recovery in patients after benign gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Also, the application of esketamine may reduce the postoperative opioid dosage requirement of patients.
Trial registration: This study was registered with the China Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2100052528, 30/10/2021)
The role of medical support workers during the Covid-19 pandemic in the National Health Service in the UK: a qualitative service evaluation at the Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust
Authors: Chakma Samprita , Wang Hanyu , Namedre Mesulame , Hill Elaine , English Mike , Nagraj Shobhana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the National Health Service (NHS) England created a short-term position known as a Medical Support Worker (MSW), for International Medical Graduates (IMGs) and qualified doctors who had left medicine, to return to medical practice. We conducted a service evaluation of the MSW role at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (OUHFT), with the aim of understanding how MSWs were perceived and contributed to the NHS, factors driving MSWs’ career choices, the short- and long-term goals of the position, analysing the perspectives of MSWs, their supervisors and recruiters.
Methods
A qualitative case study approach was adopted. A total of nine semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions involving 18 participants were conducted with MSWs, their supervisors and recruiters based in OUHFT. A thematic analysis and narrative synthesis of results were conducted.
Results
Findings were categorised into micro, meso, and macro levels of the health system. At the micro level, MSWs were identified as a diverse group of highly qualified international medical graduates (IMGs) holding a supernumerary role, who contributed their skills during the pandemic. At the meso level, the importance of a comprehensive induction by the hospital was highlighted by all participants, to clarify the job responsibility and familiarise MSWs with the local health system. At the macro level, the role enabled familiarisation and integration of MSWs within the NHS with the aim of obtaining a license to practice as a doctor in the UK.
Conclusions
This service evaluation highlighted the importance of the role of MSWs during the pandemic. The MSW scheme could be a pathway for IMGs to integrate into the NHS and fill workforce shortages. This study has the potential to inform the NHS long-term policy on the role of MSWs and the integration of IMGs into the workforce.
Linguistic Distance among Gurage Language Varieties
Authors: Menuta Fekede 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article measures linguistic distance and classifies Gurage language varieties, the branches of South Ethiosemitic languages. Previous classifications were inconsistent in sub-grouping the language varieties due to data shortage in each language variety, and the methodologies used. The present study included data from all Gurage varieties and used two methods: phonetic distance measured statistically with Cog.1.3.6.1 and Gabmap, and morphological affixes discussed qualitatively to strengthen the finding from the statistical measures. We had 60 informants, 4 speakers from each language variety. Data were collected over three years. The finding showed that there are two major groups: Dumi Gurage (Zay, Silt’e, and Wolane), and Gunnӓn Gurage which is grouped into West Gurage and North Gurage. The West Gurage is sub-classified into Teʃә-group (Chaha, Gura, Gumer, Ezha, and Gyeto) and Kwese-group (Inor, Ener, and Edegagn). The North Gurage is sub-grouped into Nәgda-group (Kistane and Dobbi), and Bazәna-group (Mesqan and Muher).
Spatio-Temporal Bayesian Regression of Pollutants on Reported Respiratory Disorders in Districts of Delhi, India
Authors: Pandey Ranjita , Tolani Himanshu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We propose Bayesian Poisson regression with log-linear link function to model prevalence of respiratory disorders (RD) as response to the concentration levels of five types of air contaminants. Intensity of individual pollutants is initially assessed through Heatmaps. Spatial random effects, global temporal effects and differential time trends are investigated across the nine districts of the union territory of Delhi by assuming intrinsic conditionally autoregressive priors. Impact of the pollutants on risk of RD admissions reveal evidence for spatial and spatio-temporal dependence indicating contribution of individual location on exposure to pollutants in addition to explaining dynamics across space in terms of relative risk associated with each pollutant.
The relationship between home and community-based healthcare service utilization and depressive symptoms in older adults in rural China: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Huang Zishuo , Xu Tingke , Zhang Xinxin , Zhang Jiayun , Wang Shanshan , Yang Qingren , Fu Yating , Gui Jia , Zhang Xiangyang , Chen Chun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies have shown a close association between home and community-based healthcare service (HCBHS) utilization and depressive symptoms in older adults. However, no studies have explored the underlying mechanism of this relationship in rural China. This research was designed to evaluate the roles of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and marital status in the association between HCBHS utilization and depressive symptoms in Chinese rural older adults.
Methods
Data were obtained from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, and 5981 rural respondents (≥ 60 years old) were included. Depression scores were calculated using the ten-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.
Results
HCBHS utilization had a direct and negative effect on depressive symptoms. Furthermore, marital status moderated the association between HCBHS utilization and IADL, which belonged to the indirect influence of the first half on the association between HCBHS utilization and depressive symptoms. HCBHS utilization was associated with IADL in single but not in married respondents.
Conclusion
The results demonstrated that marital status moderated the indirect relationship between HCBHS utilization and depressive symptoms, with HCBHS utilization negatively associated with IADL among single but not married respondents. The government should focus on older rural adults, especially those who are single and have poor IADL function, and improve the provision of HCBHS to alleviate depressive symptoms.