bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expressions and functions of RR-1 cuticular protein genes in the integument of Mythimna separata
Authors: Li Fuyuan , Xing Gaoliang , Li Yixuan , Chen Peng , Hu Qin , Chen Ming , Li Yiyu , Cao Haiqun , Huang Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As the most outer layer between itself and the environment, integuments are necessary for insects with various important functions. Cuticular proteins (CPs) are the main components in integuments, while the functions of CP genes remain unknown in Mythimna separata (Walker), which is a devastating agricultural pest. In this study, 79 CP genes were identified from the transcriptomes of larval integuments, 57 of which were from the family containing conserved Rebers & Riddiford (R&R) consensus (CPR family). Amongst these CPRs, 44 genes belonged to the subfamily with RR-1 motif (RR-1 genes) and clustered into three clades, with the top 15 most abundant RR-1 genes identified based on fragments per kilobase per million mapped fragments (FPKM) values. RT-qPCR analysis showed that most of RR-1 genes such as MsCPR1-4 were highly expressed at larval stages and in their integuments. The expression levels of RR-1 genes were generally decreased at the beginning but increased at the late stage of molting process. RNAi was applied for six RR-1 genes, and MsCPR1-4 were knocked down significantly. Silence of MsCPR2 resulted in abnormal integument formed after molting, while knockdown of MsCPR3 and MsCPR4 led to failure of molting, respectively. No phenotype was obtained for the RNAi of MsCPR1. Therefore, the expression of RR-1 genes and their functions were analyzed in the development of integuments in M. separata, providing new insights of RR-1 genes and potential targets for the development of growth regulators and new insecticides for M. separata.
Piceatannol-3ʹ-O-β-d-glucopyranoside alleviates nephropathy via regulation of High mobility group B-1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway
Authors: Du Shi-Hao , Yang Ming-Yan , Gan Hai-Lin , Song Ze-Yu , Wang Meng-Ying , Li Zhen-Yuan , Liu Ke , Qi Dong , Fan Hua-Ying 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) remains a therapeutic challenge for nephrologists. Piceatannol-3ʹ-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (PG) is a major active ingredient in Quzha. The purpose of the study was to assess the renoprotection of PG.

Methods
In vitro, the podocyte protection of PG was assessed in MPC-5. SD rats were injected with adriamycin to induce nephropathy in vivo. The determination of biochemical changes and inflammatory cytokines was performed, and pathological changes were examined by histopathological examination. Immunostaining and western blot analyses were used to analyse expression levels of proteins.

Key findings
The results showed that PG improved adriamycin-induced podocyte injury, attenuated nephropathy, improved hypoalbuminemia and hyperlipidaemia, and lowered cytokine levels. The podocyte protection of PG was further verified by reduction of desmin and increasing synaptopodin expression. Furthermore, treatment with PG down-regulated the expression of HMGB1, TLR4 and NF-κB along with its upstream regulator, IKKβ and yet up-regulated IκBα expression by western blot analysis.

Conclusions
Overall, our data showed that PG has a favourable renoprotection in experimental nephrosis, apparently by amelioration of podocyte injury. PG might mediate these effects via modulation of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway. The study first provides a promising leading compound for the treatment of NS.
A rare care of Lomentospora prolificans sternal wound infection post aortic valve replacement—an approach to surgical management
Authors: Chan Stephanie , Kemp Ursula , Peeceeyen Sheen C 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 77-year-old woman underwent surgical aortic valve replacement via hemisternotomy. Her post-operative course was unremarkable. Owing to travel and contact restrictions during the COVID pandemic, she was unable to attend routine follow up. She continued review with her local medical officer in regional New South Wales. Post 6 months following her index surgery, she was referred to the Infectious Disease Clinic of her local hospital with a non-healing lesion at the base of her hemi-sternotomy wound. Computed tomography revealed a deep sternal wound infection which extended deep to bone. She was admitted to hospital for treatment. The primary pathogen identified was Lomentospora prolificans—a dangerous fungus that affects immunosuppressed patients. Strong antifungal and adjunctive antibiotics did not contribute much to clearance of infection. Radical surgical debridement was required to obtain clean tissue margins.
Genetic variation in the glycine-rich protein gene BnGRP1 contributes to low phosphorus tolerance in Brassica napus
Authors: Xu Ping , Li Haiyuan , Xu Ke , Cui Xiaoyu , Liu Zhenning , Wang Xiaohua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Lack of phosphorus (P) is a major environmental factor affecting rapeseed (Brassica napus. L) root growth and development. For breeding purposes, it is crucial to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying root system architecture traits that confer low-P tolerance in rapeseed. Natural variations in the glycine-rich protein gene BnGRP1 were analysed in the natural population of 400 rapeseed cultivars under low-P stress through genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis. Based on 11 single nucleotide polymorphism mutations in the BnGRP1 sequence, 10 haplotypes (Hap) were formed. Compared with the other types, the cultivar BnGRP1Hap1 in the panel demonstrated the longest root length and heaviest root weight. BnGRP1Hap1 overexpression in rapeseed led to enhanced low-P tolerance. CRISPR/Cas9-derived BnGRP1Hap4 knockout mutations in rapeseed can lead to sensitivity to low-P stress. Furthermore, BnGRP1Hap1 influences the expression of the phosphate transporter 1 gene (PHT1) associated with P absorption. Overall, the findings of this study highlight new insights into the mechanisms of GRP1 enhancement of low-P tolerance in rapeseed.
Context of instauration and evolution under isavuconazole, a 2-year prospective real-life study
Authors: Pieragostini Rémi , Xhaard Aliénor , Sauvageon Hélène , Madelaine Isabelle , Touratier Sophie , Denis Blandine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo describe reasons for initiation and evolution under isavuconazole (ISZ), a 2-year prospective and observational study was performed. Anonymized data collected during the first 3 months of treatment were indications of treatment, efficacy, overall survival (OS), evolution of toxicity markers, and ISZ trough levels. Fifty-one (26 invasive aspergillosis, 16 prophylaxis, and 9 mucormycosis) patients started on isavuconazole. Isavuconazole was initiated upfront in 12/51 cases, especially to avoid toxicities from other antifungals. As second-line therapy (39/51 patients), isavuconazole was mostly initiated after toxicities of the previous treatments (66.7%; 26/39 cases). An improvement in toxicity markers was reported in most patients. However, five patients experienced adverse events. The mean ISZ trough levels measured from 179 samples collected in 37 patients was 3.33 ± 1.64 mg/l. The mean ISZ through levels was significantly lower (P = .003) in alloHSCT recipients (3.10 ± 1.45 mg/l) than in other patients (3.76 ± 1.88 mg/l) but still within the expected range of efficacy. After 12 weeks, the OS was 69.2% (n = 18/26) in the invasive aspergillosis intention-to-treat (ITT) group and 44.4% (n = 4/9) in the mucormycosis ITT group. After 2 years, the OS was respectively 46.2% (n = 12/26) and 33.3% (n = 3/9) in these two groups.
The GALAH survey: new diffuse interstellar bands found in residuals of 872 000 stellar spectra
Authors: Vogrinčič Rok , Kos Janez , Zwitter Tomaž , Traven Gregor , Beeson Kevin L , Čotar Klemen , Munari Ulisse , Buder Sven , Martell Sarah L , Lewis Geraint F , De Silva Gayandhi M , Hayden Michael R , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , D’Orazi Valentina 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe use more than 872 000 mid- to high-resolution (R ∼ 20 000) spectra of stars from the GALactic Archaeology with HERMES (GALAH) survey to discern the spectra of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs). We use four windows with the wavelength ranges 4718–4903, 5649–5873, 6481–6739, and 7590–7890 Å, giving a total coverage of 967 Å. We produce ∼400 000 spectra of interstellar medium (ISM) absorption features and correct them for radial velocities of the DIB clouds. Ultimately, we combine the 33 115 best ISM spectra into six reddening bins with a range of 0.1 &lt; E(B − V) &lt; 0.7 mag. A total of 183 absorption features in these spectra qualify as DIBs, and their fitted model parameters are summarized in a detailed catalogue. From these, 64 are not reported in the literature, of which 17 are certain, 14 are probable and 33 are possible. We find that the broad DIBs can be fitted with a multitude of narrower DIBs. Finally, we create a synthetic DIB spectrum at unit reddening. This should allow us to narrow down the possible carriers of DIBs, to explore the composition of the ISM, and ultimately to model dust and star formation better as well as to correct Galactic and extragalactic observations. The majority of certain DIBs show a significant excess of equivalent width when compared with reddening. We explain this with observed lines of sight penetrating more uniform DIB clouds compared with clumpy dust clouds.
Toward Earth system modeling with resolved clouds and ocean submesoscales on heterogeneous many-core HPCs
Authors: Zhang Shaoqing , Xu Shiming , Fu Haohuan , Wu Lixin , Liu Zhao , Gao Yang , Zhao Chun , Wan Wubing , Wan Lingfeng , Lu Haitian , Li Chenling , Liu Yanfei , Lv Xiaojing , Xie Jiayu , Yu Yangyang , Gu Jun , Wang Xuantong , Zhang Yan , Ning Chenhui , Fei Yunlong , Guo Xiuwen , Wang Zhaoying , Wang Xue , Wang Zhenming , Qu Binglin , Li Mingkui , Zhao Haoran , Jiang Yingjing , Yang Guang , Lu Lv , Wang Hong , An Hong , Zhang Xin , Zhang Yu , Ma Wentao , Yu Fujiang , Xu Jing , Lin Xiaopei , Shen Xueshun 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
With the aid of the newly developed ‘Sunway’ heterogeneous-architecture supercomputer, which has world-leading HPC (high-performance computer) capability, a series of high-resolution coupled Earth system models (SW-HRESMs) with up to 5 km of atmosphere and 3 km of ocean have been developed. These models can meet the needs of multiscale interaction studies with different computational costs. Here we describe the progress of SW-HRESMs development, with an overview of the major advancements made by the international Earth science community in HR-ESMs. We also show the preliminary results of SW-HRESMs with regard to capturing major weather-climate extremes in the atmosphere and ocean, stressing the importance of permitted clouds and ocean submesoscale eddies in modeling tropical cyclones and eddy-mean flow interactions, and paving the way for further model development to resolve finer scales with even higher resolution and more realistic physics. Finally, in addition to increasing model resolution, the development procedure for a non-hydrostatic cloud and ocean submesoscale resolved ESM is discussed, laying out the major scientific directions of such a huge modeling advancement.
Patient and Epidemiological Factors Associated With Influenza Testing in Hospitalized Adults With Acute Respiratory Illnesses, 2016–2017 to 2019–2020
Authors: Dalton Alexandra F , Couture Alexia , DeSilva Malini B , Irving Stephanie A , Gohil Shruti , Rao Suchitra , Fink Rebecca V , Naleway Allison L , Guo Zijing , Sundaresan Devi , Birch Rebecca J , Ball Sarah , Zheng Kai , Ong Toan C , Reed Carrie , Bozio Catherine H 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Data are limited on influenza testing among adults with acute respiratory illness (ARI)–associated hospitalizations. We identified factors associated with influenza testing in adult ARI-associated hospitalizations across the 2016–2017 through 2019–2020 influenza seasons.

Methods
Using data from 4 health systems in the United States, we identified hospitalizations that had an ARI discharge diagnosis or respiratory virus test. A hospitalization with influenza testing was based on testing performed within 14 days before through 72 hours after admission. We used random forest analysis to identify patient characteristics and influenza activity indicators that were most important in terms of their relationship to influenza testing.

Results
Across 4 seasons, testing rates ranged from 14.8%–19.4% at 3 pooled sites and 60.1%–78.5% at a fourth site with different testing practices. Discharge diagnoses of pneumonia or infectious disease of noninfluenza etiology, presence of ARI signs/symptoms, hospital admission month, and influenza-like illness activity level were consistently among the variables with the greatest relative importance.

Conclusions
Select ARI diagnoses and indicators of influenza activity were the most important factors associated with influenza testing among ARI-associated hospitalizations. Improved understanding of which patients are tested may enhance influenza burden estimates and allow for more timely clinical management of influenza-associated hospitalizations.
‘Such Cold, Dispassionate Terms Fail Us’: Reading Hansard as an ‘Archive of Feelings”
Authors: Leibel Miranda S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article proposes a distinctly affective methodological approach to Hansard transcripts using feminist affect theory and Pierre Bourdieu’s reflexive methodologies. Expanding the ‘toolkit’ of analysis available to parliamentary and legislative researchers to understand the political worlds we inhabit, I contend scholarship engaging with Hansard is shaped—but not limited—by the format and editorial decisions that inform its publication. Feminist scholarship on affect enables both (i) generative methodological approaches to so-called limitations of Hansard, and (ii) empowers a critical advancement of how researchers can engage Hansard as data. Considering the Hansard corpus as a process (rather than a thing) enables analyses to begin not with the question of can affect and emotion be present in transcripts, but rather how can emotion and affect proliferate throughout a genre designed and mediated in such a way as to occlude these emotional and affective speech patterns. I conclude by offering methodological strategies through an exploration of research vignettes drawn from my work with Canadian provincial Hansards.
Polydopamine nanoparticle-mediated mild photothermal therapy for inhibiting atherosclerotic plaque progression by regulating lipid metabolism of foam cells
Authors: Tu Shuangshuang , Ren Wenzhi , Han Jinru , Cui Haijing , Dai Ting , Lu Haoxuan , Xie Yanqing , He Wenming , Wu Aiguo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSince apoptosis of foam, cells can induce plaque instability, reducing intracellular lipid content while protecting foam cells from apoptosis is beneficial for the safe and efficient therapy of atherosclerosis. In this study, osteopontin-coupled polydopamine (PDA-OPN) nanoparticles were synthesized and applied to target mild photothermal therapy (PTT) of atherosclerosis. The results from laser confocal microscopy indicate that PDA-OPN nanoparticles can be specially recognized and absorbed by foam cells. Under near-infrared laser irradiation, the mild photothermal generated by PDA-OPN decreases intracellular lipid accumulation but does not induce cell apoptosis. In vivo treatments demonstrate that mild PTT can substantially reduce plaque area and improve plaque stability by upregulating the expression of plaque fibrosis in ApoE−/− mice. Our findings reinforce that the PDA-OPN nanoparticle-mediated mild PTT can inhibit atherosclerotic progression, which provides new insights for developing safe and effective treatment methods for atherosclerosis.
Public Religion and Gendered Attitudes
Authors: Stewart Evan , Edgell Penny , Delehanty Jack 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Do religious commitments hinder support for gender equality and contribute to the stalled gender revolution as a social problem? Answering this question requires specifying what kinds of religious commitments affect what specific gendered attitudes. Using a cultural approach to the study of religion, we distinguish personal religious commitments (piety and practice) from public religious commitments (preferences for religious order in social life). Using a large national survey, we demonstrate (1) that support for public religious authority has a stronger positive relationship with support for separate gender roles and ambivalent sexism than does personal piety; (2) that these relationships do not hold for gender identity salience; and (3) that support for separate gender roles mediates the relationship between support for public religious order and support for a gender-equitable policy: paid family leave. We argue that public religious commitments in the United States are semi-autonomous from personal religiosity, and we identify one specific public religious repertoire that provides support for a public order based on a binary and complementary understanding of gender.
The Gender Gap in the Returns From College Education in Japan: The Impact of Attending a High-Ranking College
Authors: LI Wen , URAKAWA Kunio , SUGA Fumihiko 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the gender gap present in the relationship between obtaining a college degree and labour earnings in Japan, using a dataset that contains detailed information about the colleges from which the respondents graduated. In particular, we focus on the ranking of colleges as a factor. We find that obtaining a college degree, regardless of the college ranking, is positively correlated with higher earnings even after controlling educational and cultural experiences in childhood, for both men and women, but that this relationship is stronger for men. Moreover, graduating from a high-ranking college is positively and significantly associated with higher earnings for male workers only. Further, the relationship between a high-ranking college degree and women’s spousal labour earnings is positive and significant. Thus, opportunities to obtain higher education benefits are most likely connected to the different paths that men and women take to attain economic success.
The Complete Genome Sequence Resource of Rhizospheric Soil-Derived Bacillus velezensis Yao, with Biocontrol Potential Against Fusarium solani-Induced Pepper Root Rot
Authors: Pei Dongli , Zhang Qingchen , Zhu Xiaoqin , Yao Xiaolin , Zhang Lei 
Published: March 2023

The pepper rhizospheric soil-derived Bacillus velezensis Yao from the Shangqiu region of the Henan province in China possesses antagonistic activity against Fusarium solani, which causes pepper root rot. In this report, we introduced the entire genomic sequence of B. velezensis Yao, which is 3,951,864 bp long, with 46.61% G+C content, and 4,097 genes. Using antiSMASH analysis, we predicted 12 gene clusters that encode for secondary antimicrobial metabolites and multiple genes that regulate plant bacterial interactions. The B. velezensis Yao genome data may be a valuable resource as this strain may serve as an effective biocontrol agent against pepper root rot.
Correlates of Risk for Disinhibited Behaviors in the Million Veteran Program Cohort
Authors: Barr Peter B. , Bigdeli Tim B. , Meyers Jacquelyn L. , Peterson Roseann E. , Sanchez-Roige Sandra , Mallard Travis T. , Dick Danielle M. , Harden K. Paige , Wilkinson Anna , Graham David P. , Nielsen David A. , Swann Alan , Lipsky Rachele K. , Kosten Thomas , Aslan Mihaela , Harvey Philip D. , Kimbrel Nathan A. , Beckham Jean C. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundMany psychiatric outcomes are thought to share a common etiological pathway reflecting behavioral disinhibition, generally referred to as externalizing disorders (EXT). Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated the overlap between EXT and important aspects of veterans’ health, such as suicide-related behaviors, substance use disorders, and other medical conditions.MethodsWe conducted a series of phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) of polygenic scores (PGS) for EXT, and comorbid psychiatric problems (depression, schizophrenia, and suicide attempt) in an ancestrally diverse cohort of U.S. veterans (N= 560,824), using diagnostic codes from electronic health records. We conducted ancestry-specific PheWASs of EXT PGS in the European, African, and Hispanic/Latin American ancestries. To determine if associations were driven by risk for other comorbid problems, we performed a conditional PheWAS, covarying for comorbid psychiatric problems (European ancestries only). Lastly, to adjust for unmeasured confounders we performed a within-family analysis of significant associations from the main PheWAS in full-siblings (N = 12,127, European ancestries only).ResultsThe EXT PGS was associated with 619 outcomes across all bodily systems, of which, 188 were independent of risk for comorbid problems of PGS. Effect sizes ranged from OR = 1.02 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.03) for overweight/obesity to OR = 1.44 (95% CI = 1.42, 1.47) for viral hepatitis C. Of the significant outcomes 73 (11.9%) and 26 (4.5%) were significant in the African and Hispanic/Latin American results, respectively. Within-family analyses uncovered robust associations between EXT and consequences of substance use disorders, including liver disease, chronic airway obstruction, and viral hepatitis C.ConclusionOur results demonstrate a shared polygenic basis of EXT across populations of diverse ancestries and independent of risk for other psychiatric problems. The strongest associations with EXT were for diagnoses related to substance use disorders and their sequelae. Overall, we highlight the potential negative consequences of EXT for health and functioning in the US veteran population.
Bias Amplification in Intersectional Subpopulations for Clinical Phenotyping by Large Language Models
Authors: Pal Ridam , Garg Hardik , Patel Shashwat , Sethi Tavpritesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLarge Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse clinical tasks. However, there is growing concern that LLMs may amplify human bias and reduce performance quality for vulnerable subpopulations. Therefore, it is critical to investigate algorithmic underdiagnosis in clinical notes, which represent a key source of information for disease diagnosis and treatment. This study examines prevalence of bias in two datasets - smoking and obesity - for clinical phenotyping. Our results demonstrate that state-of-the-art language models selectively and consistently underdiagnosed vulnerable intersectional subpopulations such as young-aged-males for smoking and middle-aged-females for obesity. Deployment of LLMs with such biases risks skewing clinicians’ decision-making which may lead to inequitable access to healthcare. These findings emphasize the need for careful evaluation of LLMs in clinical practice and highlight the potential ethical implications of deploying such systems in disease diagnosis and prognosis.