bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Passivity‐based event‐triggered frequency control in power system using dynamic pricing
Authors: Shibata Yasutomo , Kang Heng , Namerikawa Toru 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe integration of renewable energy resources in modern power systems promotes flexible demand response but poses challenges to power balance and frequency stability due to their intermittent generation. To address this problem, this study deals with the frequency control of power system in the presence of demand responses. The dynamic electricity pricing scheme enabling both demand response participants and suppliers to contribute to the frequency regulation via their own decision‐making process is proposed. The main concern in the controller design is the integration of physical and human systems on the same timescale, encompassing controllers based on frequency dynamics and dynamic pricing. Therefore, event‐triggered conditions are proposed to decrease the communication frequency while ensuring system stability, leveraging the passivity property of the system. Under the proposed event‐triggered conditions, the authors clearly demonstrate the asymptotic stability around the equilibrium point of the entire system. Furthermore, a numerical simulation using a four areas power network system is performed, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme and the stability of the system.
Design of tuned mass damper for the electric reactor based on finite element method
Authors: Luo Jiajun , Xiao Weimin , Li Xianhui , Liu Yunan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe reliable operation of the electric reactor is critical for ensuring energy transmission in the power system. Vibration is an important influencing factor. This study focused on the vibration response characteristics of the electric reactor during the operation process. The vibration at the measuring points on four side surfaces and the top of the oil tank is measured and analysed by applying the rated voltage at the rated frequency on the reactor. The frequency corresponding to the maximum vibration amplitude at the measuring point between the reinforced iron on the side surface of the reactor is determined. The tuned mass damper (TMD) is designed and the material is prepared. The specific frequency tuning mechanism is designed to suppress the reactor's vibration. The damper's optimal structural size is determined based on finite element method according to modal analysis results. According to the simulation results, the designed TMD can provide an inertia force at the target frequency for the controlled structure along the opposite direction, significantly reducing the electric reactor's vibration amplitude and effectively suppressing the vibration at a single frequency. In addition, static analysis and model strength checks are also conducted to ensure the damper's stability and safety in actual applications.
Constraining differential rotation in γ Doradus stars from the properties of inertial dips
Authors: Barrault L. , Mathis S. , Bugnet L. 
Published: January 2025

Context. The presence of dips in the gravity mode period spacing versus period diagram of γ Doradus stars is now well established thanks to recent asteroseismic studies. Such Lorentzian-shaped inertial dips arise from the interaction of gravito-inertial modes in the radiative envelope of intermediate-mass main sequence stars with pure inertial modes in their convective core, and allow us to study stellar internal properties. This window onto stellar internal dynamics is extremely valuable in the context of the understanding of angular-momentum transport inside stars, as it allows us to probe rotation in their core.
Aims. We investigate the signature and the detectability of a differential rotation between the convective core and the near-core region inside γ Doradus stars from the properties of inertial dips.
Methods. We studied the coupling between gravito-inertial modes in the radiative zone and pure inertial modes in the convective core in the sub-inertial regime, allowing for a two-zone differential rotation from the two sides of the core-to-envelope boundary. We solved the coupling equation numerically and matched the result to an analytical derivation of the Lorentzian dip properties. We then used typical values of measured near-core rotation and buoyancy travel time to infer ranges of parameters for which differential core to near-core rotation would be detectable in current Kepler data.
Results. We show that increasing the convective core rotation with respect to the near-core rotation leads to a shift of the period of the observed dip to lower periods. In addition, the dip gets deeper and thinner as the convective core rotation increases. We demonstrate that such a signature is detectable in Kepler data, given appropriate dip-parameter ranges and near-core structural properties.
Conclusions. Studying the dip properties in asteroseismic data thus allows us to access core to near-core radial differential rotation and to better understand the transport of angular momentum at convective–radiative interfaces in intermediate-mass main sequence stars.
Outcome of a Mix-and-Match Approach with a Monofocal Aspherical and a Bifocal Extended Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lens to Achieve Extended Monovision in Cataract Patients
Authors: Nagyova Dana , Tappeiner Christoph , Blaha Andrej , Goldblum David , Kyroudis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background Extended monovision is a novel mix-and-match approach that has been recently introduced. It involves implanting an aspherical monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) for distance vision in the dominant eye, and a bifocal extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) IOL in the nondominant eye. The target refraction for the nondominant eye is − 1.25 diopters (D), and provides good intermediate vision at 80 cm, with an additional 1.5 D power for near vision at 36 cm. This study evaluates the visual outcomes and patient-reported experiences with this extended monovision strategy in cataract patients.
Patients and Methods Patients underwent uneventful conventional or femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and implantation of an aspherical monofocal IOL (Hoya Vivinex XC1-SP, Hoya Surgical Optics, Tokyo, Japan) in the dominant eye [with a target refraction closest to the spherical equivalent (SE) of 0 D] and a rotationally asymmetric refractive bifocal EDOF IOL with an additional power of + 1.5 D (Lentis Comfort-LS-313 MF15, Teleon Surgical B.V, Spankeren, Netherlands) in the nondominant eye (target refraction closest to SE − 1.25 D). These patients were included in this retrospective study. Uncorrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuity (UDVA, UIVA, and UNVA, respectively), and binocular defocus curves were determined. Additionally, uncorrected contrast sensitivity, stereoscopic depth perception, and halometry were measured. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using the PRSIQ and NEI-RQL-42 questionnaires.
Results A total of 26 eyes from 13 patients were included in the study. The mean postoperative binocular UDVA, UIVA, and UNVA were 0.05 ± 0.09, − 0.08 ± 0.11, and 0.06 ± 0.07 logMAR, respectively. The defocus curve peaked at 0.0 D (6 m), with a mean visual acuity of 0.04 ± 0.09 logMAR. Functional vision above the cutoff value of 0.3 logMAR extended across the defocus steps from + 1.0 to − 3.5 D. The mean dependence on correction score reached a mean of 89.4 ± 23.9, with an overall satisfaction rate of 83.1 ± 13.2.
Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the combination of a monofocal IOL for distance vision and a rotationally asymmetric refractive bifocal EDOF IOL for intermediate and near distances, with the aim of achieving extended monovision. This approach demonstrated good visual acuity for all distances and a high patient satisfaction. It may be considered a promising alternative to multifocal IOLs.
Unifying terminology, reporting, and bowel preparation standards in colon capsule endoscopy: Nyborg Consensus
Authors: Lei Ian Io , Koulaouzidis Anastasios , Schelde-Olesen Benedicte , Turvill James , Cortegoso Valdivia Pablo , Rondonotti Emanuele , Plevris John N. , Keuchel Martin , Saurin Jean-Christophe , Dray Xavier , Brodersen Jacob Broder , McAlindon Mark , Toth Ervin , Robertson Alexander , Arasaradnam Ramesh 
Published: January 2025

AbstractColon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is becoming increasingly popular in Europe. However, development of quality assurance and standardized terminology has not kept pace with clinical integration of this technology. As a result, there are significant variations in reporting standards, highlighting the need for a standardized terminology and framework. We used the RAND process to achieve a consensus of experts to determine the terminology in CCE, bowel cleansing assessment, and quality assurance reporting and future research priorities.A panel comprising 14 European CCE experts evaluated 45 statements during the international REFLECT symposium (Nyborg, Denmark) through three survey rounds and face-to-face and virtual discussions in the initial two rounds. Participants anonymously rated statement appropriateness.Twenty-eight consensus statements were developed. Eight statements focus on consistent terminology for confirming CCE-detected polypoid and inflammatory colonic lesions with colonoscopy. To ensure standardization and quality assurance, 13 mandatory fields were recommended for inclusion in a CCE report. Three endorsed reporting methodologies were suggested, emphasizing prompt notification for suspected malignant findings, recommending a generic disclaimer regarding stomach and small bowel visualization intentions, and establishing reporting timelines at an interdepartmental level based on urgency. Four bowel preparation scale-related statements led to the recommendation to adoptithe Colon Capsule CLEansing Assessment and Reporting (CC-CLEAR) scale as the preferred scale.This study established a framework for terminology, reporting, and assessment of bowel cleansing for CCE. Future research should focus on optimizing bowel preparation regimens and exploring artificial intelligence applications in CCE.
Bewertung des Substanzkonsums in Deutschland anhand einer
retrospektiven Auswertung von Daten aus einem toxikologischen Labor mit dem
Schwerpunkt von Routineuntersuchungen bei Opioidabhängigen
Authors: Mähler Julietta Ursula , Wilhelm Lars , Riem Fabian , Kramer Jan 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Arbeit war es zu zeigen, ob eine retrospektive Auswertung von
Labordaten aus einem toxikologischen Routinelabor als Instrument zur
Beschreibung der Drogensituation in Deutschland verwendet werden kann.
Hierfür wurden die ermittelten Daten mit den Daten der PREMOS-Studie (1) und
der ESA-Befragung (2) vergleichen.Es wurde ein Datensatz aus dem Jahr 2020 verwendet, der den Kriterien einer
Querschnittstudie entsprach. Verglichen wurde die Anzahl an Aufträgen in
Bezug auf das Geschlecht, das Lebensalter, das nachgewiesene Substitut und
positiven Aufträgen in den jeweiligen Toxidromgruppen. Die statistische
Auswertung fand mittels Pearson-Chi-Quadrat Test und eines Post-Hoc-Tests
statt.Männer konsumierten etwas häufiger als Frauen. Jüngere Patienten hatten
häufiger positive Nachweise von Substanzen aus dem Sympathomimetischen und
dem Sedativen Syndrom und seltener aus dem Anticholinergen Syndrom. Bei
Patienten mit einer nachgewiesenen Buprenorphinsubtitution kam es seltener
zum Beikonsum, als bei einer Methadonsubstitution. Die Ergebnisse spiegelten
in weiten Teilen die Erkenntnisse aus der PREMOS-Studie wieder.Zusammengefasst ist die retrospektive Auswertung ein sinnvolles Instrument,
um die Drogensituation in Deutschland zu beschreiben. Vorteilhaft ist der
minimale Kostenaufwand. Zusätzlich kann die Auswertung zukünftig sehr
zeitnah erfolgen was eine hohe Aktualität und Nutzbarkeit für eines
Frühwarnsystems darstellt.
MicroRNA Profiling in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia Their Role in Arteriogenesis
Authors: Ismail Muhamad T. , Setianto Budi Y. , Haryana Sofia M. , Anggrahini Dyah W. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) represents poses a substantial threat with escalating mortality and amputation rates. Despite the existence of various clinical techniques for diagnosing CLTI, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in arteriogenesis remains ambiguous. Comprehensive knowledge on miRNAs may facilitate the advancement of targeted therapy pertaining to the enhancement of collateral blood flow in obstructed vessels. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing arteriogenesis-associated plasma miRNA profiles in patients with CLTI using gene expression. Samples were acquired from the collateral arteries (CA group, n = 3) and the contralateral healthy limb (healthy artery; HA group, n = 3) of a single set of patients with CLTI. The RNA extracted from the samples was assessed for concentration and purity. A normalization factor was used to address variations in analyte abundance and/or quality across the samples. Subsequently, individual RNA molecules were directly quantified and subjected to comparative analysis between the CA and HA groups to identify the miRNAs involved in arteriogenesis. The five arteriogenesis-related miRNAs exhibiting maximum upregulation were miR-301b–3p, miR-221–5p, miR–639, miR-34a–5p, and let-7a–5p, while the five most downregulated miRNAs included miR-151a–5p, miR-371a–5p, miR-651–5p, miR-510–5p, and miR-660–5p. Summarily, this study documented marked upregulation and downregulation of miRNAs associated with arteriogenesis in the collateral arteries of patients with CLTI as compared with their contralateral healthy limbs. Possible mechanisms involved, including the regulation of YAP/TAZ pathway, TGFBR3 mRNA, SIRT1 expression, and other processes have shown to be modulated by miRNAs fluctuations.
Clinical and Genetic Characterization of 51 Patients with Congenital Fibrinogen Disorders from China
Authors: Cai Yaohua , Lu Hui , Lin Wenyi , Xia Yunqing , Wu Tingting , Cheng Zhipeng , Tang Liang V. , Hu Yu 
Published: January 2025

Objective To investigate the classification, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and genetic mutations associated with hereditary fibrinogen disorders in Chinese population.
Methods Between February 2015 and February 2022, 65 patients with congenital fibrinogen disorders (CFD) were identified at Wuhan Union Hospital. Comprehensive data were available for 51 patients, allowing for a retrospective analysis.
Results The cohort comprised 17 males (33.3%) and 34 females (66.7%), with a median diagnosis age of 35.0 years (interquartile range: 25.5–42.5). Of the patients, 35 (68.6%) were diagnosed with dysfibrinogenemia, 8 (15.7%) with hypofibrinogenemia, 7 (13.7%) with hypodysfibrinogenemia, and 1 (2.0%) with afibrinogenemia. The median diagnosis ages for the asymptomatic, Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 groups were 44.5 years (range: 37–58.5), 28 years (22.5–36.5), 35.5 years (21.75–41), and 28 years (22.75–30.75), respectively. The asymptomatic group had the latest diagnosis age, whereas Grade 3 had the earliest. A negative correlation was observed between Fg:C levels and bleeding severity (rs = − 0.2937, p = 0.0365). In total, 52 variants were found in 51 unrelated patients, with one patient carrying two mutations. The 37 distinct mutations included 11 in FGA, 3 in FGB, and 23 in FGG.
Conclusion This study investigates the clinical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics of patients with CFD in China, revealing a negative correlation between Fg:C levels and bleeding severity. Female patients are at higher risk for gynecological complications due to physiological traits. Additionally, R35 in FGA and R301 in FGG were identified as hotspot mutations.
Factor VIIa–Antithrombin Complexes are Increased in Asthma: Relation to the Exacerbation-Prone Asthma Phenotype
Authors: Bazan-Socha Stanislawa , Mastalerz Lucyna , Cybulska Agnieszka , Zareba Lech , Jakiela Bogdan , Zabczyk Michal , Iwaniec Teresa , Undas Anetta 
Published: January 2025

Background Asthma is associated with a prothrombotic state. Plasma factor VIIa–antithrombin complex (FVIIa-AT) concentrations indirectly reflect the interaction of tissue factor (TF) with FVII. Since TF is a key initiator of coagulation in vivo, we hypothesized that FVIIa-AT concentrations are higher in asthma.
Methods In 159 clinically stable adult asthma patients and 62 controls, we determined FVIIa-AT in plasma and analyzed their relation to circulating inflammatory and prothrombotic markers together with the total plasma potential for fibrinolysis (clot lysis time, CLT) and thrombin generation. We recorded clinical outcomes, including asthma exacerbations, during 3-year follow-up.
Results Asthma patients were characterized by 38.5% higher FVIIa-AT (p < 0.001), related to bronchial obstruction (FEV1: r = −0.397, p < 0.001), asthma severity (r = 0.221, p = 0.005), and duration (r = 0.194, p = 0.015) compared to controls. FVIIa-AT showed weak positive associations with C-reactive protein (r = 0.208, p = 0.009), fibrinogen (r = 0.215, p = 0.007), and CLT (r = 0.303, p < 0.001) but not with thrombin generation parameters. In the follow-up (data obtained from 151 patients), we documented 151 severe asthma exacerbations in 51 (33.8%) patients, including 33 (21.9%) with ≥2 such events. Exacerbation-prone asthma phenotype was related to 13.1% higher FVIIa-AT (p = 0.012), along with asthma severity and control (p < 0.003, both). High FVIIa-AT (that is ≥100.1 pmol/L), defined on receiver operating characteristic curves, was linked to exacerbation-prone asthma phenotype (odds ratio 1.85; 95%CI: 1.23–2.80, p = 0.003) and shorter time to first exacerbation (p = 0.023).
Conclusion This study is the first to show that FVIIa-AT concentrations are higher in asthma in relation to its severity and may help identify individuals at risk of the exacerbation-prone asthma phenotype.
A Concise Synthesis of a Key Azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane Building Block for N-Heteroaryl Indazole LRRK2 Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Candito David A. , Simov Vladimir , Liu Ping , Ardolino Michael J. , Martinot Theodore , Lyons Thomas , Qi Ji , Yin Jingjun , Hao Jinglai , Hu Bin , Chen Meng , Zhang Jun , Lam Yu-hong , Fuller Peter H. , Ellis J. Michael , Maddess Matthew 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIncreasing the fraction of sp3 character in lead compounds has been shown to increase their drug-likeness by improving their potency, selectivity, and physicochemical properties. Azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes have recently garnered much interest in the synthetic community as pyrrolidine analogues for their interesting biological properties and stereoelectronic effects. During the course of our optimization of N-heteroaryl LRRK2 inhibitors, we discovered that this unique bicyclic system leads to improvements in solubility and metabolic clearance. Herein, we outline a match-pair analysis showcasing the broad impact of this unique azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane system on key drug-like properties, as well as a concise and scalable synthesis of this building block, featuring an intramolecular cyclization to forge a strained amide bond.
To Identify and Discuss the Enablers or Facilitators and Barriers to International Medical Graduates Adapting to the United Kingdom National Health Service in a Defined Surgical Trainee Population: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Oberoi Ajit Singh , Selvasekar C.R. , Murali S.R. , Kumar B. Nirmal , Aggarwal Shreyas , Aggarwal Shyam , Rawat Soumitra 
Published: January 2025

Background International medical graduates (IMGs) play a crucial role in the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS), yet they encounter significant challenges adapting to the NHS environment. This study aims to identify the enablers and barriers affecting the adaptation of IMGs, specifically focusing on surgical trainees in the Master of Surgery (MCh) program at Edge Hill University.
Methods A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing an interpretivist philosophy and descriptive design. Data were collected through focus group discussions with first-year MCh surgical trainees. Thematic analysis was conducted to extract key themes related to adaptation.
Results Three focus groups with a total of seven participants revealed several enablers and barriers. Enablers included robust administrative support, effective communication courses, comprehensive mentorship programs, and supportive hospital staff. Barriers identified were limited access to formal teaching, a fast-paced academic environment, language and cultural differences, and variations in medical practice.
Conclusions The successful integration of IMGs into the NHS hinges on strong support systems, including administrative assistance, mentorship, and cultural and communication training. Addressing these barriers can facilitate smoother adaptation, enhance retention, and improve patient care.
Recommendations To enhance IMG adaptation, the study recommends extensive induction programs, improved mentorship and support networks, cultural competence training, and better access to formal teaching with feedback.
Utilizing Diffusion Tensor Imaging to Differentiate High-Grade Gliomas and Solitary Brain Metastases
Authors: K. Shreyas Reddy , S. Sandeep , Kumaran Sunitha P. , K. Shravan Reddy , Kancharla Meghana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background Brain tumors, encompassing a spectrum of neoplastic disorders, significantly impact patient morbidity and mortality. Distinguishing between high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and solitary brain metastases (SBMs) is crucial for tailored clinical management. Conventional structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) faces challenges in this differentiation, leading to the exploration of advanced imaging modalities such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
Materials and Methods In this prospective study, 41 patients with solitary enhancing brain lesions underwent total or subtotal resection, confirmed by histopathology. Imaging involved a 3-Tesla MRI scanner, and DTI data were analyzed for metrics including mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity, as well as planar, spherical, and linear (CL) anisotropy coefficients.
Results Peritumoral FA and CL exhibited significant differences (p = 0.0217 and p = 0.039, respectively) between HGG and SBM. The area under the curve for peritumoral FA and CL in differentiating HGG and SBM were 0.2791 and 0.6984, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the other diffusion metrics.
Conclusion This study contributes to understanding DTI-derived metrics for HGG and SBM differentiation. Peritumoral FA and CL show promise as potential discriminators, offering insights for enhanced clinical decision-making and treatment planning in brain tumor patients. Future research with larger cohorts and advanced diffusion imaging techniques could further refine these findings.
The interface of Latinos, language and space in restaurant naming in Philadelphia
Authors: Matus-Mendoza Mariadelaluz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Considering the growth of the Hispanic or Latino population reported by the 2020 Census Bureau in Philadelphia and an increase of Latino restaurants bearing names in Spanish in the city, this article explores the use of Spanish in eighty three restaurant names to determine the types of meanings that Spanish construes, the restaurateurs’ apparent motivation, and its relevance within Latino studies in a city and state that do not historically have a large number of Latinos. The qualitative analysis relies on a linguistic landscapes approach, specifically Scollon and Scollon’s (2003) and Ben-Rafael’s (2009) frameworks. The analysis reveals that the use of Spanish not only functions as a sign of identity and group membership, but also serves to create the restaurateurs’ social space and to distinguish their establishments. These dynamics increase the visibility of some of these Latino groups and of the Latino community as a whole, in a city where their presence and visibility has not yet received much attention.