bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A chatbot-based intervention with ELME to improve stress and health-related parameters in a stressed sample: Study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Schillings C. , Meissner D. , Erb B. , Schultchen D. , Bendig E. , Pollatos O. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundStress levels in the general population had already been increasing in recent years, and have subsequently been exacerbated by the global pandemic. One approach for innovative online-based interventions are “chatbots” – computer programs that can simulate a text-based interaction with human users via a conversational interface. Research on the efficacy of chatbot-based interventions in the context of mental health is sparse. The present study is designed to investigate the effects of a three-week chatbot-based intervention with the chatbot ELME, aiming to reduce stress and to improve various health-related parameters in a stressed sample.MethodsIn this multicenter, two-armed randomised controlled trial with a parallel design, a three-week chatbot-based intervention group including two daily interactive intervention sessions via smartphone (á 10–20 min.) is compared to a treatment-as-usual control group. A total of 130 adult participants with a medium to high stress levels will be recruited in Germany. Assessments will take place pre-intervention, post-intervention (after three weeks), and follow-up (after six weeks). The primary outcome is perceived stress. Secondary outcomes include self-reported interoceptive accuracy, mindfulness, anxiety, depression, personality, emotion regulation, psychological well-being, stress mindset, intervention credibility and expectancies, affinity for technology, and attitudes towards artificial intelligence. During the intervention, participants undergo ecological momentary assessments. Furthermore, satisfaction with the intervention, the usability of the chatbot, potential negative effects of the intervention, adherence, potential dropout reasons, and open feedback questions regarding the chatbot are assessed post-intervention.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first chatbot-based intervention addressing interoception, as well as in the context with the target variables stress and mindfulness. The design of the present study and the usability of the chatbot were successfully tested in a previous feasibility study. To counteract a low adherence of the chatbot-based intervention, a high guidance by the chatbot, short sessions, individual and flexible time points of the intervention units and the ecological momentary assessments, reminder messages, and the opportunity to postpone single units were implemented.Trial registrationThe trial is registered at the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform via the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00027560; date of registration: 06 January 2022). This is protocol version No. 1. In case of important protocol modifications, trial registration will be updated.
Geomorphological characteristics and the kinematic process of the Ganheba rock–ice avalanche in Yulong Mountain, China
Authors: Chen Ruichen , Chen Jian , Shi Lulu , Cui Zhijiu , Chen Song 
Published: March 2023

Rock–ice avalanches have increased in recent years due to global warming. On 12 March 2004, a massive failure of rock mass (9.1×106 m3) originated on the south slope of Yulong Mountain in Yunnan Province and eventually formed the Ganheba rock–ice avalanche, with an H/L ratio of 0.4. In this study, the geomorphological characteristics, sedimentary characteristics, and emplacement process of the Ganheba rock–ice avalanche were analyzed based on remote sensing interpretation, field investigation, and 2D discrete element modeling. This study suggests that long-term effects, including historical seismic effects and freeze–thaw action, were the key factors in the occurrence of this landslide. Interesting landforms and sedimentary structures found in this case, such as lateral ridges, superelevation, and boat rocks, were used to explain the characteristics of the velocity and the thinning spreading process of the avalanche mass. The numerical simulation further revealed that the entire movement of this rock–ice avalanche lasted about 105 s, with a maximum front velocity of 82 m/s. The underlying substrate rather than the ice is considered to have contributed to the hypermobility of the Ganheba rock–ice avalanche. The developed fissures, complex topography, and basal friction were determined to control the progressive fragmentation in this case. Meanwhile, the kinematic process of the Ganheba rock–ice avalanche was divided into four stages: failure and acceleration, collision deceleration, deceleration spreading, and deformation. The findings of this study contribute to an understanding of the evolution of glacier-related hazards in the high-mountain region.
Construction of high-resolution precipitation dataset and its implication to drought over the Tianshan Mountains, China
Authors: Li Xiaoqian , He Xinlin , Li Xiaolong , Du Yongjun , Yang Guang , Tian Hao , Yu Jiawen 
Published: March 2023

Understanding the drought characteristics of mountainous areas in northwest China with sparse rainfall stations requires high precision, as well as high-resolution precipitation data. Considering the spatial relationship of precipitation and environmental factors, this study downscales Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) and Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) based on the geographically weighted regression (GWR) and multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) models integrated with interpolation. A high-resolution (1 km×1 km) precipitation dataset during 1979–2020 is reconstructed in the Tianshan Mountains, and the drought characteristics are analyzed by using the optimal dataset. The results show that: 1) Compared with GWR, MGWR model has higher downscaling accuracy; 2) The optimal MSWEP downscaling dataset (CC = 0.93, |BIAS| = 0.48%) compared to GPM (CC = 0.81, |BIAS| = 1.87%) is closer to the observed precipitation; 3) In the past 40 years, 71% and 9% of the Tianshan Mountains show significant wetting and drying trends respectively, and 16 drought events are identified. 4) The West subregion of the Tianshan Mountains is characterized by low frequency, long duration and high severity of drought events. The characteristics of the East are opposite to those of the West. Occasional extreme drought events occur in the North and South. This paper provides data support and method reference for the study of water-vapor balance and regional ecohydrological process in the arid area of Northwest China.
The prevalence of depression among parents of children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Zhichao , Wang Jing , Carru Ciriaco , Coradduzza Donatella , Li Zhi 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundEmerging research indicates that depression among parents of children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has increased significantly. However, the prevalence rates reported by different studies vary substantially.MethodsSeven databases were systematically searched (Pubmed, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo) from the inception to 15th October 2022. We pooled prevalence rates from each study with a random-effect model. We conducted a stratified meta-analysis to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity among studies. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) approach was utilized to evaluate the quality of evidence.ResultsTwenty-two studies were included, with a total of 4639 parents living with type 1 diabetic children. Overall, the pooled prevalence rate of depression or depressive symptoms was 22.4% (95%CI 17.2% to 28.7%; I2 = 96.8%). The prevalence was higher among mothers (31.5%) than fathers (16.3%) as well as parents of children (aged &lt; 12 years) with T1DM (32.3%) than those with adolescents (aged ≥ 12 years) (16.0%).ConclusionOur research suggests that more than 1 in 5 parents of type 1 diabetic children/adolescents worldwide suffer from depression or depressive symptom. Depression screening and interventions are required for parents of children with T1DM.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42022368702).
A large-scale screening and functional sorting of tumour microenvironment prognostic genes for breast cancer patients
Authors: Xiao Bo , Li Mingwei , Cui Mingxuan , Yin Chengliang , Zhang Bo 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study was to systematically establish a comprehensive tumour microenvironment (TME)-relevant prognostic gene and target miRNA network for breast cancer patients.MethodsBased on a large-scale screening of TME-relevant prognostic genes (760 genes) for breast cancer patients, the prognostic model was established. The primary TME prognostic genes were selected from the constructing database and verified in the testing database. The internal relationships between the potential TME prognostic genes and the prognosis of breast cancer patients were explored in depth. The associated miRNAs for the TME prognostic genes were generated, and the functions of each primary TME member were investigated in the breast cancer cell line.ResultsCompared with sibling controls, breast cancer patients showed 55 differentially expressed TME prognostic genes, of which 31 were considered as protective genes, while the remaining 24 genes were considered as risk genes. According to the lambda values of the LASSO Cox analysis, the 15 potential TME prognostic genes were as follows: ENPEP, CCDC102B, FEZ1, NOS2, SCG2, RPLP2, RELB, RGS3, EMP1, PDLIM4, EPHA3, PCDH9, VIM, GFI1, and IRF1. Among these, there was a remarkable linear internal relationship for CCDC102B but non-linear relationships for others with breast cancer patient prognosis. Using the siRNA technique, we silenced the expression of each TME prognostic gene. Seven of the 15 TME prognostic genes (NOS2, SCG2, RGS3, EMP1, PDLIM4, PCDH9, and GFI1) were involved in enhancing cell proliferation, destroying cell apoptosis, promoting cell invasion, or migration in breast cancer. Six of them (CCDC102B, RPLP2, RELB, EPHA3, VIM, and IRF1) were favourable for maintaining cell invasion or migration. Only two of them (ENPEP and FEZ1) were favourable for the processes of cell proliferation and apoptosis.ConclusionsThis integrated study hypothesised an innovative TME-associated genetic functional network for breast cancer patients. The external relationships between these TME prognostic genes and the disease were measured. Meanwhile, the internal molecular mechanisms were also investigated.
Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on hepatic fibrosis and steatosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Peipei , Tan Ying , Hao Zhenning , Xu Weilong , Zhou Xiqiao , Yu Jiangyi 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveClinical trials have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are closely associated with hepatic fibrosis and steatosis by FibroScan. This paper aimed at evaluating the effects of SGLT2i on hepatic fibrosis and steatosis, which are presented as liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP).MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database were searched for randomized clinical trials from database establishment to 30 November 2022 with no language restrictions. The risk of bias was evaluated by Collaboration Handbook. Software Stata 17 and Review Manager (version 5.3) were used for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of eight articles including 686 patients were included. Compared with the control group, our results showed that SGLT2i could lower levels of LSM [MD = −0.82, 95%CI (−1.38, −0.25), p = 0.005] and CAP [MD = −12.80, 95%CI (−20.57, −5.03), p = 0.001]. Further subgroup analyses indicated that SGLT2i presented more advantages on longer treatment duration and more serious steatosis in decreasing LSM. For CAP, SGLT2i exhibited a clear advantage in subgroup analyses of longer treatment duration, younger people, dapagliflozin, worse fibrosis, and steatosis.ConclusionSGLT2i could reduce LSM and CAP in contrast to other antihyperglycemic drugs. However, the included studies are not definitive, and well-designed, more multi-centered, blinded randomized clinical trials are warranted to definitively establish reliable evidence.
Road network analyses elucidate hidden road flooding impacts under accelerating sea level rise
Authors: Mitchell Molly , Hendricks Jessica , Schatt Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: As sea level rises and coastal communities simultaneously grow, road flooding has the potential to significantly disrupt travel along road networks and make houses, businesses, and critical facilities difficult to reach. The impacts of tidal and storm surge flooding on roadways present challenging social and economic considerations for all coastal jurisdictions. Maintenance, public and private accessibility, evacuation routes, emergency services are just a few of the common themes local governments are beginning to address for low-lying roadways currently known to flood. Continuation of these services allows a community to thrive, to maintain or increase its tax base, and to ensure the safety and well-being of its citizenry.Methods: A traditional approach to analyzing road flood overlays flooding areas on roadways and focuses only on impacts within the actual zone of inundation. However, road flooding can also cut-off access to non-flooded roads and properties, closing the transportation corridor into or out of their downstream dwelling/service areas and other areas that may be impacted. In this study, we examined changing road inaccessibility under accelerating sea level rise for urban and rural localities.Results: Inaccessibility of roads and properties increased nearly twice as much as would be suggested by the length of flooded roads. Overall vulnerability of a locality was primarily dependent on its elevation; however, the redundancy of the road network appears to affect the rate at which properties became inaccessible. Areas with complex and redundant road networks-maintained access to coastal properties longer, suggesting increased resilience in the near term.Discussion: Road inaccessibility will impact property values and emergency response times but understanding the connection between flooding areas and inaccessible properties allows prioritization of road upgrades, improving overall coastal resilience.
C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat allele tagging SNPs: Associations with ALS risk and longevity
Authors: Kaivola Karri , Pirinen Matti , Laaksovirta Hannu , Jansson Lilja , Rautila Osma , Launes Jyrki , Hokkanen Laura , Lahti Jari , Eriksson Johan G. , Strandberg Timo E. , FinnGen  , Tienari Pentti J. 
Published: March 2023

C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion is a common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The C9orf72 locus may harbor residual risk outside the hexanucleotide repeat expansion, but the evidence is conflicting. Here, we first compared 683 unrelated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases and 3,196 controls with Finnish ancestry to find best single nucleotide polymorphisms that tag the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion and intermediate-length alleles. Rs2814707 was the best tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms for intermediate-length alleles with ≥7 repeats (p = 5 × 10−307) and rs139185008 for the hexanucleotide repeat expansion (p = 7 × 10−114) as well as alleles with ≥20 repeats. rs139185008*C associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis after removing cases with the hexanucleotide repeat expansion, especially in the subpopulation homozygous for the rs2814707*T (p = 0.0002, OR = 5.06), which supports the concept of residual amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk at the C9orf72 haplotypes other than the hexanucleotide repeat expansion. We then leveraged Finnish biobank data to test the effects of rs2814707*T and rs139185008*C on longevity after removing individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / frontotemporal dementia diagnoses. In the discovery cohort (n = 230,006), the frequency of rs139185008*C heterozygotes decreased significantly with age in the comparisons between 50 and 80 years vs. &gt;80 years (p = 0.0005) and &lt;50 years vs. &gt;80 years (p = 0.0001). The findings were similar but less significant in a smaller replication cohort (2-sided p = 0.037 in 50–80 years vs. &gt;80 years and 0.061 in &lt;50 years vs. &gt;80 years). Analysis of the allele frequencies in 5-year bins demonstrated that the decrease of rs139185008*C started after the age of 70 years. The hexanucleotide repeat expansion tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms decreasing frequency with age suggests its’ association with age-related diseases probably also outside amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / frontotemporal dementia.
“I can be pro-abortion and pro-birth”: Opportunities and challenges for full spectrum care among doulas in Georgia
Authors: Lindsey Alyssa , Narasimhan Subasri , Sayyad Ayeesha , Turner Daria , Mosley Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe work of full spectrum doulas (i.e., non-medically trained care workers offering support before, during, and after pregnancy including abortion)—is increasingly important as abortion access decreases across the U.S. Few studies have examined the work of community-based doulas in restrictive abortion settings or how they might further incorporate full spectrum care. As part of the community-engaged mixed methods Georgia Doula Study, this analysis examines the scope of work of community-based doulas regarding full spectrum and abortion services, doula opinions on full spectrum and abortion work, and potential barriers and facilitators for full spectrum doula care in metro-Atlanta, Georgia.MethodsFrom October 2020 to February 2022, the team recruited 20 community-based doulas with 8 who provide full spectrum services including abortion. Surveys covered demographics, doula scope of work, family planning attitudes, and abortion stigma. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics. In-depth interviews further explored those topics. They were de-identified and thematically analyzed using a semi-deductive approach.ResultsThe findings are organized around five themes: (1) doulas of all kinds center reproductive autonomy; (2) abortion doulas play important roles in reproductive autonomy; (3) doulas have mixed feelings about contraceptive counseling; (4) abortion doulas provide diverse services carrying numerous benefits in a stigmatized environment; and (5) abortion doulas experience challenges including stigma but they offer solutions. All but two doulas in this study were interested in learning how to incorporate contraception and abortion services in their current scope of work, and most participants supported the role of full spectrum doulas.ConclusionThis analysis highlights the experiences of abortion and full spectrum doulas, reactions of the larger doula community to those services, and facilitators and barriers to full spectrum doula care in a restrictive abortion setting. There are urgent needs and opportunities for full spectrum doulas to offer life-protecting services to pregnant people across the U.S. and globally. Coordination efforts for U.S. abortion care post-Roe v. Wade must include community-based doulas, who are largely open to aiding abortion clients through education, connection to care, and emotional support.
Chitosan oligosaccharide improves ovarian granulosa cells inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Xie Qi , Hong Wenli , Li Yuan , Ling Shuyi , Zhou Ziqiong , Dai Yuqing , Wu Wenbo , Weng Ruoxin , Zhong Zhisheng , Tan Jun , Zheng Yuehui 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, which is one of the main causes of anovulatory infertility. Even though the rapidly developed assisted reproductive technology (ART) could effectively solve fertility problems, some PCOS patients still have not obtained satisfactory clinical outcomes. The poor quality of oocytes caused by the abnormal follicular development of PCOS may directly contribute to the failure of ART treatment. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) are the most closely related cells to oocytes, and changes in their functional status have a direct impact on oocyte formation. Previous studies have shown that changes in the ovarian microenvironment, like oxidative stress and inflammation, may cause PCOS-related aberrant follicular development by impairing the physiological state of the GCs. Therefore, optimizing the ovarian microenvironment is a feasible method for enhancing the development potential of PCOS oocytes.MethodsIn this study, we first detected the expression of inflammatory-related factors (TGF-β1, IL-10, TNFα, IL-6) and oxidative stress-related factors (HIF-1α and VEGFA), as well as the proliferation ability and apoptosis level of GCs, which were collected from control patients (non-PCOS) and PCOS patients, respectively. Subsequently, human ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN) cells were used to verify the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on GCs, as well as to investigate the optimal culture time and concentration of COS. The optimal culture conditions were then used to culture GCs from PCOS patients and control patients.ResultsThe results showed that GCs from PCOS patients exhibited obvious inflammation and oxidative stress and significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, COS can increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (TGF-β1 and IL-10) and decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (TNFα and IL-6), as well as promote the proliferation of GCs. Moreover, we found that COS can reduce the level of reactive oxygen species in GCs under oxidative stress by inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α and VEGFA and by suppressing the apoptosis of GCs induced by oxidative stress.ConclusionWe find that inflammation and oxidative stress exist in the GCs of PCOS patients, and COS can reduce these factors, thereby improving the function of GCs.