bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inulin impacts tumorigenesis promotion by colibactin-producing Escherichia coli in ApcMin/+ mice
Authors: Oliero Manon , Hajjar Roy , Cuisiniere Thibault , Fragoso Gabriela , Calvé Annie , Santos Manuela M. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe prebiotic inulin has previously shown both protective and tumor-promoting effects in colorectal cancer (CRC). These inconsistencies may be due to the gut microbial composition as several bacteria have been associated with CRC. Specifically, polyketide synthase-positive (pks+) Escherichia coli promotes carcinogenesis and facilitates CRC progression through the production of colibactin, a genotoxin that induces double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). We investigated whether colibactin-producing Escherichia coli changed the protection conferred by inulin against tumor growth and progression using the ApcMin/+ mouse model of CRC.MethodsMice received a 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) solution followed by oral gavage with the murine pks + E. coli strain NC101 (EcNC101) and were fed a diet supplemented with 10% cellulose as control or 10% inulin for 4 weeks.ResultsInulin supplementation led to increase EcNC101 colonization compared to mice receiving the control diet. The increased colonization of EcNC101 resulted in more DSBs, tumor burden, and tumor progression in ApcMin/+ mice. The tumorigenic effect of EcN101 in ApcMin/+ mice mediated by inulin was dependent on colibactin production. Pasteurized E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), a probiotic, suppressed the inulin-driven EcNC101 expansion and impacted tumor progression.DiscussionOur results suggest that the presence of pks + E. coli influences the outcome of inulin supplementation in CRC and that microbiota-targeted interventions may mitigate this effect. Given the prevalence of pks + E. coli in both healthy and CRC populations and the importance of a fiber-rich diet, inulin supplementation in individuals colonized with pks + bacteria should be considered with caution.
Pangenomic analysis of Wolbachia provides insight into the evolution of host adaptation and cytoplasmic incompatibility factor genes
Authors: Liu Bo , Ren Ye-Song , Su Cheng-Yuan , Abe Yoshihisa , Zhu Dao-Hong 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe genus Wolbachia provides a typical example of intracellular bacteria that infect the germline of arthropods and filarial nematodes worldwide. Their importance as biological regulators of invertebrates, so it is particularly important to study the evolution, divergence and host adaptation of these bacteria at the genome-wide level.MethodsHere, we used publicly available Wolbachia genomes to reconstruct their evolutionary history and explore their adaptation under host selection.ResultsOur findings indicate that segmental and single-gene duplications, such as DNA methylase, bZIP transcription factor, heat shock protein 90, in single monophyletic Wolbachia lineages (including supergroups A and B) may be responsible for improving the ability to adapt to a broad host range in arthropod-infecting strains. In contrast to A strains, high genetic diversity and rapidly evolving gene families occur in B strains, which may promote the ability of supergroup B strains to adapt to new hosts and their large-scale spreading. In addition, we hypothesize that there might have been two independent horizontal transfer events of cif genes in two sublineages of supergroup A strains. Interestingly, during the independent evolution of supergroup A and B strains, the rapid evolution of cif genes in supergroup B strains resulted in the loss of their functional domain, reflected in a possible decrease in the proportion of induced cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) strains.DiscussionThis present study highlights for reconstructing of evolutionary history, addressing host adaptation-related evolution and exploring the origin and divergence of CI genes in each Wolbachia supergroup. Our results thus not only provide a basis for further exploring the evolutionary history of Wolbachia adaptation under host selection but also reveal a new research direction for studying the molecular regulation of Wolbachia- induced cytoplasmic incompatibility.
Sensogenomics of music and Alzheimer’s disease: An interdisciplinary view from neuroscience, transcriptomics, and epigenomics
Authors: Navarro Laura , Gómez-Carballa Alberto , Pischedda Sara , Montoto-Louzao Julián , Viz-Lasheras Sandra , Camino-Mera Alba , Hinault Thomas , Martinón-Torres Federico , Salas Antonio 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe relationship between music and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been approached by different disciplines, but most of our outstanding comes from neuroscience.MethodsFirst, we systematically reviewed the state-of-the-art of neuroscience and cognitive sciences research on music and AD (&gt;100 studies), and the progress made on the therapeutic impact of music stimuli in memory. Next, we meta-analyzed transcriptomic and epigenomic data of AD patients to search for commonalities with genes and pathways previously connected to music in genome association, epigenetic, and gene expression studies.ResultsOur findings indicate that &gt;93% of the neuroscience/ cognitive sciences studies indicate at least one beneficial effect of music on patients with neurodegenerative diseases, being improvements on memory and cognition the most frequent outcomes; other common benefits were on social behavior, mood and emotion, anxiety and agitation, quality of life, and depression. Out of the 334 music-related genes, 127 (38%) were found to be linked to epigenome/transcriptome analysis in AD (vs. healthy controls); some of them (SNCA, SLC6A4, ASCC2, FTH1, PLAUR and ARHGAP26) have been reported to be associated e.g. with musical aptitude and music effect on the transcriptome. Other music-related genes (GMPR, SELENBP1 and ADIPOR1) associated to neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative diseases and music performance, emerged as hub genes in consensus co-expression modules detected between AD and music estimulated transcriptomes. In addition, we found connections between music, AD and dopamine related genes, with SCNA being the most remarkable – a gene previously associated with learning and memory, and neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s disease and AD).DiscussionThe present study indicate that the vast majority of neuroscientific studies unambiguously show that music has a beneficial effect on health, being the most common benefits relevant to Alzheimer’s disease. These findings illuminate a new roadmap for genetic research in neurosciences, and musical interventions in AD and other neurodegenerative conditions.
A bibliometric analysis of the application of imaging in sleep in neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Li Mengfei , Jiang Zhenzhen , Wen Ru , Liu Chen , Wang Jian 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the current state of the application of imaging in sleep research in degenerative disease, as well as hotspots and trends.Materials and methodsA search was conducted on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) between 1 September 2012, and 31 August 2022 for literature related to sleep imaging. This study analyzed 7,679 articles published in this field over the past 10 years, using CiteSpace to analyze tendencies, countries, institutions, authors, and hotspots.ResultsThere were 7,679 articles on the application of imaging to sleep research published by 566 institutions located in 135 countries in 1,428 journals; the number of articles was increasing on a yearly basis. According to keyword analysis, the research direction of the application of imaging in sleep research focused on the effects of degenerative diseases on sleep, such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and small vessel disease. A literature evaluation found that Parkinson’s disease, insomnia, sleep quality, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder were the top research trends in this field.ConclusionA growing body of research has focused on sleep disorders caused by degenerative diseases. In the application of imaging to sleep research, magnetic resonance functional brain imaging represents a reliable research method. In the future, more aging-related diseases may be the subject of sleep-related research, and imaging could provide convenient and reliable evidence in this respect.
Discrimination and learning of temporal input sequences in a cerebellar Purkinje cell model
Authors: Tamura Kaaya , Yamamoto Yuki , Kobayashi Taira , Kuriyama Rin , Yamazaki Tadashi 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionTemporal information processing is essential for sequential contraction of various muscles with the appropriate timing and amplitude for fast and smooth motor control. These functions depend on dynamics of neural circuits, which consist of simple neurons that accumulate incoming spikes and emit other spikes. However, recent studies indicate that individual neurons can perform complex information processing through the nonlinear dynamics of dendrites with complex shapes and ion channels. Although we have extensive evidence that cerebellar circuits play a vital role in motor control, studies investigating the computational ability of single Purkinje cells are few.MethodsWe found, through computer simulations, that a Purkinje cell can discriminate a series of pulses in two directions (from dendrite tip to soma, and from soma to dendrite), as cortical pyramidal cells do. Such direction sensitivity was observed in whatever compartment types of dendrites (spiny, smooth, and main), although they have dierent sets of ion channels.ResultsWe found that the shortest and longest discriminable sequences lasted for 60 ms (6 pulses with 10 ms interval) and 4,000 ms (20 pulses with 200 ms interval), respectively. and that the ratio of discriminable sequences within the region of the interesting parameter space was, on average, 3.3% (spiny), 3.2% (smooth), and 1.0% (main). For the direction sensitivity, a T-type Ca2+ channel was necessary, in contrast with cortical pyramidal cells that have N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Furthermore, we tested whether the stimulus direction can be reversed by learning, specifically by simulated long-term depression, and obtained positive results.DiscussionOur results show that individual Purkinje cells can perform more complex information processing than is conventionally assumed for a single neuron, and suggest that Purkinje cells act as sequence discriminators, a useful role in motor control and learning.
Electric field simulations of transcranial direct current stimulation in children with perinatal stroke
Authors: Carlson Helen L. , Giuffre Adrianna , Ciechanski Patrick , Kirton Adam 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionPerinatal stroke (PS) is a focal vascular brain injury and the leading cause of hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Motor impairments last a lifetime but treatments are limited. Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) may enhance motor learning in adults but tDCS effects on motor learning are less studied in children. Imaging-based simulations of tDCS-induced electric fields (EF) suggest differences in the developing brain compared to adults but have not been applied to common pediatric disease states. We created estimates of tDCS-induced EF strength using five tDCS montages targeting the motor system in children with PS [arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) or periventricular infarction (PVI)] and typically developing controls (TDC) aged 6–19 years to explore associates between simulation values and underlying anatomy.MethodsSimulations were performed using SimNIBShttps://simnibs.github.io/simnibs/build/html/index.htmlusing T1, T2, and diffusion-weighted images. After tissue segmentation and tetrahedral mesh generation, tDCS-induced EF was estimated based on the finite element model (FEM). Five 1mA tDCS montages targeting motor function in the paretic (non-dominant) hand were simulated. Estimates of peak EF strength, EF angle, field focality, and mean EF in motor cortex (M1) were extracted for each montage and compared between groups.ResultsSimulations for eighty-three children were successfully completed (21 AIS, 30 PVI, 32 TDC). Conventional tDCS montages utilizing anodes over lesioned cortex had higher peak EF strength values for the AIS group compared to TDC. These montages showed lower mean EF strength within target M1 regions suggesting that peaks were not necessarily localized to motor network-related targets. EF angle was lower for TDC compared to PS groups for a subset of montages. Montages using anodes over lesioned cortex were more sensitive to variations in underlying anatomy (lesion and tissue volumes) than those using cathodes over non-lesioned cortex.DiscussionIndividualized patient-centered tDCS EF simulations are prudent for clinical trial planning and may provide insight into the efficacy of tDCS interventions in children with PS.
Cortical-brainstem interplay during speech perception in older adults with and without hearing loss
Authors: Lai Jesyin , Alain Claude , Bidelman Gavin M. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionReal time modulation of brainstem frequency-following responses (FFRs) by online changes in cortical arousal stateviathe corticofugal (top-down) pathway has been demonstrated previously in young adults and is more prominent in the presence of background noise. FFRs during high cortical arousal states also have a stronger relationship with speech perception. Aging is associated with increased auditory brain responses, which might reflect degraded inhibitory processing within the peripheral and ascending pathways, or changes in attentional control regulationviadescending auditory pathways. Here, we tested the hypothesis that online corticofugal interplay is impacted by age-related hearing loss.MethodsWe measured EEG in older adults with normal-hearing (NH) and mild to moderate hearing-loss (HL) while they performed speech identification tasks in different noise backgrounds. We measured α power to index online cortical arousal states during task engagement. Subsequently, we split brainstem speech-FFRs, on a trial-by-trial basis, according to fluctuations in concomitant cortical α power into low or high α FFRs to index cortical-brainstem modulation.ResultsWe found cortical α power was smaller in the HL than the NH group. In NH listeners, α-FFRs modulation for clear speech (i.e., without noise) also resembled that previously observed in younger adults for speech in noise. Cortical-brainstem modulation was further diminished in HL older adults in the clear condition and by noise in NH older adults. Machine learning classification showed low α FFR frequency spectra yielded higher accuracy for classifying listeners’ perceptual performance in both NH and HL participants. Moreover, low α FFRs decreased with increased hearing thresholds at 0.5–2 kHz for clear speech but noise generally reduced low α FFRs in the HL group.DiscussionCollectively, our study reveals cortical arousal state actively shapes brainstem speech representations and provides a potential new mechanism for older listeners’ difficulties perceiving speech in cocktail party-like listening situations in the form of a miss-coordination between cortical and subcortical levels of auditory processing.
Motilin and its receptor are expressed in the dorsal horn in a rat model of acute incisional pain: Intrathecal motilin injection alleviates pain behaviors
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhao Jun , Hu Nan , Wang Jing , Chen Xi , Wang Kaiyuan , Yin Yiqing 
Published: February 2023

AimsTo observe the effects of intrathecal administration of motilin on pain behavior and expression of motilin (MTL)/motilin receptor (MTLR) in the spinal cord of a rat model of acute incisional pain.MethodsAn incisional pain model was established in rats using a unilateral plantar incision. The rats were also injected intrathecally with 1, 5, or 25 μg of motilin. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were determined. MTL/MTLR expression in the spinal cord was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. The expression of MTL in the spinal cord, stomach, duodenum, and plasma was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsMotilin/motilin receptor were detected in the spinal cord. Spinal cord MTL/MTLR expression peaks at 2 h after modeling (P &lt; 0.05) and start to decrease at 24 h (P &lt; 0.05) to almost reach baseline levels at 72 h. The changes in gastric, duodenal, plasma, and spinal cord motilin levels correlated with MWT and TWL (all R2 &gt; 0.82). The intrathecal injection of 1, 5, or 25 μg of motilin could increase the pain threshold of rats with incisional pain within 72 h in a dose-dependent manner.ConclusionThis study showed for the first time that MTL/MTLR are expressed in rats’ spinal dorsal horn. Acute pain increased MTL/MTLR expression in the spinal dorsal horn. Also, for the first time, this study showed that motilin intrathecal injection alleviates pain in rat models of acute incisional pain. These results suggest that MTL/MTLR could be a novel target for the management of acute pain.
From structural determination of natural products in complex mixtures to single cell resolution: Perspectives on advances and challenges for mass spectrometry
Authors: Lopes Norberto Peporine , Roberto da Silva Ricardo 
Published: February 2023

The search for new Natural Products is one of the oldest interests for research in chemistry. The history of this discipline is very prolific, from its initial uses as medicine to advanced omics strategies to understand the mechanics of biological controls in living cells. The discoveries of morphine, penicillin, taxol and many other natural products revolutionized human health. During the last 40 years, excellent reviews published by Dr. David Newman and Dr. Gordon Crag have revealed that the pharmaceutical industry’s research into natural products has lost some of its steam. Nevertheless, new natural products for antimicrobials, antifungals, and anticancer drugs remained the main alternative. Furthermore, research institutes have seen great vigor, and several startup companies have emerged worldwide, seeking therapeutic alternatives based in natural products. Innovations on spectrometric hardware, allowing broader coverage of chemical classes and spatial mapping, and in software, enabling the interpretation of large volumes of data, afforded a renewed interest in natural products and are considered the most important enabling technology for the new companies. In this perspective article we give some historical context to exciting developments, on software and spatial resolution, that promise to pave the way for a bright future of Natural Products research.
Effects of molecular hydrogen supplementation on fatigue and aerobic capacity in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Kaixiang , Liu Meng , Wang Yubo , Liu Haoyang , Manor Brad , Bao Dapeng , Zhang Luyu , Zhou Junhong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundFatigue is oftentimes induced by high-intensity exercise potentially via the exceeded amount of reactive oxygen species, leading to diminished functions (e.g., aerobic capacity) and increased risk of injuries. Studies indicate that molecular hydrogen (H2), with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may be a promising strategy to alleviate fatigue and improve aerobic capacity. However, such effects have not been comprehensively characterized.ObjectiveTo systematically assess the effects of in taking H2 on fatigue and aerobic capacity in healthy adults.MethodsThe search was conducted in August 2022 in five databases. Studies with randomized controlled or crossover designs that investigated the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and endurance performance were selected. The data (mean ± standard deviation and sample size) were extracted from the included studies and were converted into the standardized mean difference (SMD). Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Subgroup analysis was used to analyze potential sources of heterogeneity due to intervention period, training status, and type of exercise.ResultsSeventeen publications (19 studies) consisting of 402 participants were included. The pooled effect sizes of H2 on RPE (SMDpooled = −0.38, 95%CI −0.65 to −0.11, p = 0.006, I2 = 33.6%, p = 0.149) and blood lactate (SMDpooled = −0.42, 95% CI −0.72 to −0.12, p = 0.006, I2 = 35.6%, p = 0.114) were small yet significant with low heterogeneity. The pooled effect sizes of H2 on VO2max and VO2peak (SMDpooled = 0.09, 95% CI −0.10 to 0.29, p = 0.333, I2 = 0%, p = 0.998) and endurance performance (SMDpooled = 0.01, 95% CI −0.23 to 0.25, p = 0.946, I2 = 0%, p &gt; 0.999) were not significant and trivial without heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effects of H2 on fatigue were impacted significantly by the training status (i.e., untrained and trained), period of H2 implementation, and exercise types (i.e., continuous and intermittent exercises).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis provides moderate evidence that H2 supplementation alleviates fatigue but does not enhance aerobic capacity in healthy adults.Systematic review registrationwww.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022351559.
Effect on nutritional status and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidation of an oral nutritional supplement (with or without probiotics) in malnourished hemodialysis patients. A multicenter randomized clinical trial “Renacare Trial”
Authors: Hevilla Francisco , Padial Marina , Blanca María , Barril Guillermina , Jiménez-Salcedo Tamara , Ramirez-Ortiz Mercedes , Nogueira Ángel , Gentile Adriana , García-Escobar Eva , Romero-Zerbo Silvana Y. , Olveira Gabriel 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMalnutrition in patients undergoing hemodialysis is frequent and associated with a reduction in muscular mass and strength, with an increment in biomarkers of inflammation and oxidation.Materials and methodsRandomized, multicenter, parallel-group trial in malnourished hemodialysis patients with three groups [(1) control (C) individualized diet, (2) oral nutritional supplement-ONS- + placebo-SU- PL-, and (3) ONS + probiotics-SU-PR]; the trial was open regarding the intake of ONS or individualized diet recommendations, but double-blind for the intake of probiotics. We obtained, at baseline and after 3 and 6 months, anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dietary records, and routine biochemical parameters. Inflammation and oxidation were determined using ELISA techniques (Versamax and ProcartaPlex multiplex Immunoassay). Results were analyzed by intention to treat.ResultsA total of 31 patients (11 corresponding to group C, 10 to SU-PL, and 10 to SU-PR) completed the 6-months trial. The two groups that took supplements significantly increased their protein calorie, fat (total and n-3), and fiber intake. Weight and fat-free mass (FFM) also increased significantly in the groups on supplements, both at 3 and 6 months, and dynamometry did so in the SU-PL group. At month 3, prealbumin and vitamin D were significantly increased in the SU-TOT (SU-PL + SU-PR) group. No changes were observed regarding levels of phosphorus and potassium in any of the groups. Urea increased significantly at 6 months in the SU-PL group. There were significant changes in some inflammation biomarkers in the groups on supplements during the intervention (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, bone morphogenetic protein-2, MCP-1, IL-1-beta, IL-10, IL-4, and IL-8). The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) increased significantly in the supplemented patients, with no significant changes observed in isoprostanes.ConclusionThe specific ONS improved protein-calorie intake, nutritional status (mainly FFM), and some biomarkers of inflammation/oxidation. The addition of probiotics could have a synergistic effect with ONS in such biomarkers.Clinical trail registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/, identifier NCT03924089.