bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opposing effects of 5‐HT1A receptor agonist buspirone on supraspinal abdominal pain transmission in normal and visceral hypersensitive rats
Authors: Lyubashina Olga A. , Sivachenko Ivan B. , Sushkevich Boris M. , Busygina Irina I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe serotonergic 5‐HT1A receptors are implicated in the central mechanisms of visceral pain, but their role in these processes is controversial. Considering existing evidences for organic inflammation‐triggered neuroplastic changes in the brain serotonergic circuitry, the ambiguous contribution of 5‐HT1A receptors to supraspinal control of visceral pain in normal and post‐inflammatory conditions can be assumed. In this study performed on male Wistar rats, we used microelectrode recording of the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) neuron responses to colorectal distension (CRD) and electromyography recording of CRD‐evoked visceromotor reactions (VMRs) to evaluate post‐colitis changes in the effects of 5‐HT1A agonist buspirone on supraspinal visceral nociceptive transmission. In rats recovered from trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis, the CRD‐induced CVLM neuronal excitation and VMRs were increased compared with those in healthy animals, revealing post‐inflammatory intestinal hypersensitivity. Intravenous buspirone (2 and 4 mg/kg) under urethane anesthesia dose‐dependently suppressed CVLM excitatory neuron responses to noxious CRD in healthy rats, but caused dose‐independent increase in the already enhanced nociceptive activation of CVLM neurons in post‐colitis animals, losing also its normally occurring faciliatory effect on CRD‐evoked inhibitory medullary neurotransmission and suppressive action on hemodynamic reactions to CRD. In line with this, subcutaneous injection of buspirone (2 mg/kg) in conscious rats, which attenuated CRD‐induced VMRs in controls, further increased VMRs in hypersensitive animals. The data obtained indicate a shift from anti‐ to pronociceptive contribution of 5‐HT1A‐dependent mechanisms to supraspinal transmission of visceral nociception in intestinal hypersensitivity conditions, arguing for the disutility of buspirone and possibly other 5‐HT1A agonists for relieving post‐inflammatory abdominal pain.
What lies beneath: White matter microstructure in pediatric myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome using diffusion MRI
Authors: Josev Elisha K. , Chen Jian , Seal Marc , Scheinberg Adam , Cole Rebecca C. , Rowe Katherine , Lubitz Lionel , Knight Sarah J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent studies in adults with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) suggest that changes in brain white matter microstructural organization may correlate with core ME/CFS symptoms, and represent a potential biomarker of disease. However, this has yet to be investigated in the pediatric ME/CFS population. We examined group differences in macrostructural and microstructural white matter properties, and their relationship with clinical measures, between adolescents recently diagnosed with ME/CFS and healthy controls. Forty‐eight adolescents (25 ME/CFS, 23 controls, mean age 16 years) underwent brain diffusion MRI, and a robust multi‐analytic approach was used to evaluate white and gray matter volume, regional brain volume, cortical thickness, fractional anisotropy, mean/axial/radial diffusivity, neurite dispersion and density, fiber density, and fiber cross section. From a clinical perspective, adolescents with ME/CFS showed greater fatigue and pain, poorer sleep quality, and poorer performance on cognitive measures of processing speed and sustained attention compared with controls. However, no significant group differences in white matter properties were observed, with the exception of greater white matter fiber cross section of the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus in the ME/CFS group compared with controls, which did not survive correction for intracranial volume. Overall, our findings suggest that white matter abnormalities may not be predominant in pediatric ME/CFS in the early stages following diagnosis. The discrepancy between our null findings and white matter abnormalities identified in the adult ME/CFS literature could suggest that older age and/or longer illness duration influence changes in brain structure and brain–behavior relationships that are not yet established in adolescence.
Revisiting the dependence of retention factor on the content of organic component in the mobile phase in reversed‐phase HPLC
Authors: Moldoveanu Serban C. , Bacalum Elena , Galaon Toma , David Victor 
Published: June 2023

In high‐performance liquid chromatography, the dependence of retention factor k on volumetric fraction ϕ of organic phase is expressed by log k = F(ϕ) with F(ϕ) obtained by measuring log k at different ϕ values. From F(ϕ), a value kw is calculated by taking ϕ = 0. The equation log k = F(ϕ) is applied for predicting k, and kw is a descriptor of hydrophobic character of solutes and stationary phases. Calculated kw should not depend on the nature of organic component of mobile phase but extrapolation procedure leads to different kw for different organic components. The present study shows that the expression of F(ϕ) changes depending on the range of ϕ and the same function F(ϕ) cannot be used for the full range of ϕ from 0 to 1. Consequently, kw obtained by extrapolation of ϕ to zero is not correct because the expression of F(ϕ) was generated by fitting the data using ϕ with higher values. The present study shows the proper way to obtain the value of kw.
Early onset horizontal gaze palsy and progressive scoliosis due to a noncanonical splicing‐site variant and a missense variant in the ROBO3 gene
Authors: Yi Sheng , Qin Zailong , Zhou Xunzhao , Chen Junjie , Yi Shang , Chen Qiuli , Huang Limei , Zhang Qinle , Chen Biyan , Luo Jingsi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHomozygous or compound heterozygous ROBO3 gene mutations cause horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS). This is an autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by congenital absence or severe restriction of horizontal gaze and progressive scoliosis. To date, almost 100 patients with HGPPS have been reported and 55 ROBO3 mutations have been identified.MethodsWe described an HGPPS patient and performed whole‐exome sequencing (WES) to identify the causative gene.ResultsWe identified a missense variant and a splice‐site variant in the ROBO3 gene in the proband. Sanger sequencing of cDNA revealed the presence of an aberrant transcript with retention of 700 bp from intron 17, which was caused by a variation in the noncanonical splicing site. We identified five additional ROBO3 variants, which were likely pathogenic, and estimated the overall allele frequency in the southern Chinese population to be 9.44 × 10−4, by a review of our in‐house database.ConclusionThis study has broadened the mutation spectrum of the ROBO3 gene and has expanded our knowledge of variants in noncanonical splicing sites. The results could help to provide more accurate genetic counseling to affected families and prospective couples. We suggest that the ROBO3 gene should be included in the local screening strategy.
Mutations obstructing ATP's emplacement in KIF2A nucleotide‐binding pocket causes parenchymal malformations, motor developmental delay, with intellectual disability
Authors: Zhao Xiuying , Chen Tao , Fu Binsha , Fu Zhifu , Xu Kaishou , Zhou Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundKIF2A‐related tubulinopathy (MIM: #615411) is a very rare disorder that was clinically characterized as microcephaly, epilepsy, motor developmental disorder (MDD), and various malformations of cortical development, but intellectual disability (ID) or global developmental delay (GDD) was rarely reported in the patients.MethodsQuad whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband, the older brother, and their parents. Sanger sequencing was used to verify the candidate gene variant.ResultsThe proband, a 23‐month‐old boy, was previously diagnosed with GDD, and his brother, aged nine years, had ID; both were born to a healthy couple. Quad‐WES detected a novel heterozygous KIF2A variant, c.1318G>A (p.G440R), in both the brothers but not in the parents. In‐silico analysis revealed that the variants G440R and G318R (which were previously reported in the only reported patient with GDD) lead to markedly enlarged side chains and hinder ATP's emplacement in the NBD pocket.ConclusionsThe type of KIF2A variants that sterically hinder ATP emplacing in KIF2A NBD pocket may be associated with the intellectual disability phenotype; however, further studies are needed. Findings in this case also suggest a rare parental germline mosaicism of KIF2A G440R.
A novel variant in the QRICH1 gene was identified in a patient with severe developmental delay
Authors: Wang Dong , Wu Jin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundQRICH1 encodes the glutamine‐rich protein 1, which contains one caspase activation recruitment domain and is likely to be involved in apoptosis and inflammation. However, the function of the QRICH1 gene was largely unknown. Recently, several studies have reported de novo variants in QRICH1, and the variants have been associated with Ververi‐Brady syndrome characterized by developmental delay, nonspecific facial dysmorphism, and hypotonia.Materials and MethodsWhole exome sequencing, clinical examinations, and functional experiments were performed to identify the etiology of our patient.ResultsHere, we added another patient with severe growth retardation, atrial septal defect, and slurred speech. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel truncation variant in the QRICH1 gene (MN_017730.3: c.1788dupC, p.Tyr597Leufs*9). Furthermore, the functional experiments confirmed the effect of genetic variation.ConclusionOur findings expand the QRICH1 variant spectrum in developmental disorders and provide evidence for the application of whole exome sequencing in Ververi‐Brady syndrome.
Association between balance recovery during inpatient rehabilitation and gait without physical assistance in severe subacute post‐stroke patients
Authors: CF Gath , MG Gianella , L Bonamico , MJ Russo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeStudies that analyze gait without physical assistance recovery post‐stroke are scarce. There are few of the studies that analyze longitudinally the recovery of balance during the subacute post‐stroke inpatient rehabilitation. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between balance recovery during subacute stroke inpatient rehabilitation and gait without physical assistance achievement. Secondarily, to analyze the association between balance at admission of inpatient rehabilitation and gait without physical assistance achievement.MethodsAn observational, longitudinal, and retrospective cohort study was conducted. Subacute stroke subjects with an admission Berg Balance Scale below or equal to 4 points were included (n = 164). Two logistic regression models were developed. Model 1 analyzes the association between balance recovery during inpatient rehabilitation and gait without physical assistance at discharge. Model 2 analyzes the association between balance at the admission and gait without physical assistance at discharge.ResultsOf 164 severe post‐stroke patients, 60 (36.5%) achieved gait without physical assistance. Although the two models developed a statistically significant association (p < 0.001), Model 1 evinced better discrimination performance (Model 1: area below the curve was of 0.987 ‐CI 95%: 0.975–0.998‐ vs. Model 2: area below the curve 2 was of 0.705 ‐CI 95%: 0.789–0.601‐).DiscussionBalance recovery during rehabilitation was strongly associated with gait without physical assistance achievement at the time of discharge in severe subacute post‐stroke patients.Implications for Physiotherapy PracticeThe longitudinal analysis of motor recovery in severe subacute post‐stroke patients may be helpful in the decision making process during inpatient rehabilitation.
Interfacial Mo‐S‐C Bond with High Reversibility for Advanced Alkali‐Ion Capacitors: Strategies for High‐Throughput Production
Authors: Deng Xinglan , Zheng Renji , Deng Wentao , Hou Hongshuai , Zou Guoqiang , Ji Xiaobo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe high‐throughput scalable production of low‐cost and high‐performance electrode materials that work well under high power densities required in industrial application is full of challenges for the large‐scale implementation of electrochemical technologies. Here, motivated by theoretical calculation that Mo‐S‐C heterojunction and sulfur vacancies can reduce the energy band gap, decrease the migration energy barrier, and improve the mechanical stability of MoS2, the scalable preparation of inexpensive MoS2‐x@CN is contrived by employing natural molybdenite as precursor, which is characteristic of high efficiency in synthesis process and energy conservation and the calculated costs are four orders of magnitude lower than MoS2/C in previous work. More importantly, MoS2‐x@CN electrode is endowed with impressive rate capability even at 5 A g−1, and ultrastable cycling stability during almost 5000 cycles, which far outperform chemosynthesis MoS2 materials. Obtaining the full SIC cell assembled by MoS2‐x@CN anode and carbon cathode, the energy/power output is high up to 265.3 W h kg−1 at 250 W kg−1. These advantages indicate the huge potentials of the designed MoS2‐x@CN and of mineral‐based cost‐effective and abundant resources as anode materials in high‐performance AICs.
High‐Throughput Exploration of Triple‐Cation Perovskites via All‐in‐One Compositionally‐Graded Films
Authors: Moradi Shahram , Kundu Soumya , Awais Muhammad , Haruta Yuki , Nguyen Hai‐Dang , Zhang Dongyang , Tan Furui , Saidaminov Makhsud I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany devices heavily rely on combinatorial material optimization. However, new material alloys are classically developed by studying only a fraction of giant chemical space, while many intermediate compositions remain unmade in light of the lack of methods to synthesize gapless material libraries. Here report a high‐throughput all‐in‐one material platform to obtain and study compositionally‐tunable alloys from solution is reported. This strategy is applied to make all CsxMAyFAzPbI3 perovskite alloys (MA and FA stand for methylammonium and formamidinium, respectively), in less than 10 min, on a single film, on which 520 unique alloys are then studied. Through stability mapping of all these alloys in air supersaturated with moisture, a range of targeted perovskites are found, which are then chosen to make efficient and stable solar cells in relaxed fabrication conditions, in ambient air. This all‐in‐one platform provides access to an unprecedented library of compositional space with no unmade alloys, and hence aids in a comprehensive accelerated discovery of efficient energy materials.
Tetrahedral Bonding Structure (Ni3‐Se) Induced by Lattice‐Distortion of Ni to Achieve High Catalytic Activity in Na–Se Battery
Authors: Li Jiayin , Qian Cheng , Hu Yunfei , Huang Jianfeng , Chen Guanjun , Cao Liyun , Wang Fangmin , Kajiyoshi Koji , Zhao Yong , Liu Yijun , Li Zhenjiang , Yang Hong , Xu Zhanwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFabrication of transition‐metal catalytic materials is regarded as a promising strategy for developing high‐performance sodium–selenium (Na–Se) batteries. However, more systematic explorations are further demanded to find out how their bonding interactions and electronic structures can affect the Na storage process. This study finds that lattice‐distorted nickel (Ni) structure can form different bonding structures with Na2Se4, providing high activity to catalyze the electrochemical reactions in Na–Se batteries. Using this Ni structure to prepare electrode (Se@NiSe2/Ni/CTs) can realize rapid charge transfer and high cycle stability of the battery. The electrode exhibits high storage performance of Na+; i.e., 345 mAh g⁻1 at 1 C after 400 cycles, and 286.4 mAh g⁻1 at 10 C in rate performance test. Further results reveal the existence of a regulated electronic structure with upshifts of the d‐band center in the distorted Ni structure. This regulation changes the interaction between Ni and Na2Se4 to form a Ni3–Se tetrahedral bonding structure. This bonding structure can provide higher adsorption energy of Ni to Na2Se4 to facilitate the redox reaction of Na2Se4 during the electrochemical process. This study can inspire the design of bonding structure with high performance in conversion‐reaction‐based batteries.
Design of a Synthetic Strategy to Achieve Enhanced Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Sulfur and Nitrogen Codoping and Its Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Wu Mengyi , Li Jiurong , Wu Yongzhong , Gong Xiao , Wu Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHere, a rational strategy to achieve multifunctional N, S codoped carbon dots (N, S‐CDs) is reported, aiming to improve the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of the CDs. The synthesized N, S‐CDs have excellent stability and emission properties independent of excitation wavelength. Through the introduction of S element doping, the fluorescence emission of CDs is red‐shifted from 430 to 545 nm, and the corresponding PLQYs can be greatly enhanced from 11.2% to 65.1%. It is found that the doping of S elements causes an increase in the size of CDs and an elevated graphite N content, which may be the key factors to cause the redshift of fluorescence emission. Furthermore, the introduction of S element also serves to suppress the nonradiative transitions, which may be responsible for the elevated PLQYs. Besides, the synthesized N, S‐CDs have certain solvent effect and can be applied to detect water content in organic solvents, and have strong sensitivity to alkaline environment. More importantly, the N, S‐CDs can be used to achieve an “on–off–on” dual detection mode between Zr4+ and NO2−. In addition, N, S‐CDs combinedwith polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) can also be utilized as fluorescent inks for anti‐counterfeiting applications.
Porous and Partially Dehydrogenated Fe2+‐Containing Iron Oxyhydroxide Nanosheets for Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction (ENRR)
Authors: Jia Lulu , Xue Hairong , Xian Fang , Sugahara Yoshiyuki , Sakai Nobuyuki , Nan Jingbo , Yamauchi Yusuke , Sasaki Takayoshi , Ma Renzhi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe design and development of efficient catalysts for electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) under ambient conditions are critical for the alternative ammonia (NH3) synthesis from N2 and H2O, wherein iron‐based electrocatalysts exhibit outstanding NH3 formation rate and Faradaic efficiency (FE). Here, the synthesis of porous and positively charged iron oxyhydroxide nanosheets by using layered ferrous hydroxide as a starting precursor, which undergoes topochemical oxidation, partial dehydrogenated reaction, and final delamination, is reported. As the electrocatalyst of ENRR, the obtained nanosheets with a monolayer thickness and 10‐nm mesopores display exceptional NH3 yield rate (28.5 µg h−1 mgcat.−1) and FE (13.2%) at a potential of −0.4 V versus RHE in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) electrolyte. The values are much higher than those of the undelaminated bulk iron oxyhydroxide. The larger specific surface area and positive charge of the nanosheets are beneficial for providing more exposed reactive sites as well as retarding hydrogen evolution reaction. This study highlights the rational control on the electronic structure and morphology of porous iron oxyhydroxide nanosheets, expanding the scope of developing non‐precious iron‐based highly efficient ENRR electrocatalysts.
Biogenetic Vesicle‐Based Cancer Vaccines with Tunable Surface Potential and Immune Potency
Authors: Qin Hao , Li Hejia , Zhu Jin , Qin Yuting , Li Nan , Shi Jian , Nie Guangjun , Zhao Ruifang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer vaccines are designed to motivate antigen‐specific immune responses and facilitate tumor regression with minimal side effects. To fully exert the potential of vaccines, rationally designed formulations that effectively deliver antigens and trigger potent immune reactions are urgently needed. This study demonstrates a simple and controllable vaccine‐developing strategy that assembles tumor antigens into bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), natural delivery vehicles with intrinsic immune adjuvant properties, via electrostatic interaction. This OMV‐delivered vaccine (OMVax) stimulated both innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to enhanced metastasis inhibition and prolonged survival of tumor‐bearing mice. Moreover, the influence of different surface charged OMVax on antitumor immunity activation is investigated and declined immune response activation occurred with increased positive surface charge. Together, these findings suggest a simple vaccine formulation that can be enhanced by optimizing the surface charges of vaccine formulations.
Detachable MOF‐Based Core/Shell Nanoreactor for Cancer Dual‐Starvation Therapy With Reversing Glucose and Glutamine Metabolisms
Authors: Du Huiping , Meng Siyu , Geng Meijuan , Zhao Pan , Gong Liyang , Zheng Xinmin , Li Xiang , Yuan Zhang , Yang Hui , Zhao Yanli , Dai Liangliang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTumor‐dependent glucose and glutamine metabolisms are essential for maintaining survival, while the accordingly metabolic suppressive therapy is limited by the compensatory metabolism and inefficient delivery efficiency. Herein, a functional metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based nanosystem composed of the weakly acidic tumor microenvironment‐activated detachable shell and reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive disassembled MOF nanoreactor core is designed to co‐load glycolysis and glutamine metabolism inhibitors glucose oxidase (GOD) and bis‐2‐(5‐phenylacetmido‐1,2,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐yl) ethyl sulfide (BPTES) for tumor dual‐starvation therapy. The nanosystem excitingly improves tumor penetration and cellular uptake efficiency via integrating the pH‐responsive size reduction and charge reversal and ROS‐sensitive MOF disintegration and drug release strategy. Furthermore, the degradation of MOF and cargoes release can be self‐amplified via additional self‐generation H2O2 mediated by GOD. Last, the released GOD and BPTES collaboratively cut off the energy supply of tumors and induce significant mitochondrial damage and cell cycle arrest via simultaneous restriction of glycolysis and compensatory glutamine metabolism pathways, consequently realizing the remarkable triple negative breast cancer killing effect in vivo with good biosafety via the dual starvation therapy.
Pd‐Doped Co3O4 Nanoarray for Efficient Eight‐Electron Nitrate Electrocatalytic Reduction to Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Fan Xiaoya , Liu Chaozhen , Li Zixiao , Cai Zhengwei , Ouyang Ling , Li Zerong , He Xun , Luo Yongsong , Zheng Dongdong , Sun Shengjun , Wang Yan , Ying Binwu , Liu Qian , Farouk Asmaa , Hamdy Mohamed S. , Gong Feng , Sun Xuping , Zheng Yinyuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) is an indispensable feedstock for fertilizer production and one of the most ideal green hydrogen rich fuel. Electrochemical nitrate (NO3−) reduction reaction (NO3−RR) is being explored as a promising strategy for green to synthesize industrial‐scale NH3, which has nonetheless involved complex multi‐reaction process. This work presents a Pd‐doped Co3O4 nanoarray on titanium mesh (Pd‐Co3O4/TM) electrode for highly efficient and selective electrocatalytic NO3−RR to NH3 at low onset potential. The well‐designed Pd‐Co3O4/TM delivers a large NH3 yield of 745.6 µmol h−1 cm−2 and an extremely high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 98.7% at −0.3 V with strong stability. These calculations further indicate that the doping Co3O4 with Pd improves the adsorption characteristic of Pd‐Co3O4 and optimizes the free energies for intermediates, thereby facilitating the kinetics of the reaction. Furthermore, assembling this catalyst in a Zn‐NO3− battery realizes a power density of 3.9 mW cm−2 and an excellent FE of 98.8% for NH3.