bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cor Triatriatum Sinister Associated with Total Anomalous Pulmonary
Venous Connection
Authors: Ergani Seval Yılmaz , Yılmaz Osman 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCor triatriatum sinister is rare congenital heart disease. It is defined as the
presence of an abnormal septum dividing the left atrium into two chambers, and in
some cases may be associated with a total abnormal pulmonary venous connection.
Prenatal diagnosis of cor triatriatum sinister may be possible with fetal
echocardiography and the diagnosis can be made earlier than postnatal imaging
techniques. In the fetal echocardiography performed in our patient, cor triatriatum
sinister was present and the main pathology was the flow of right and left pulmonary
vein return from the accessory atrium to the right atrium.
Maligne Neoplasien der Orbita
Authors: Bertelmann Eckart , von Sonnleithner Christoph 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungWeil die Erstsymptomatik maligner Neoplasien der Orbita häufig das Auge betrifft (Exophthalmus, Diplopie, Schmerzen), ist der Augenarzt häufig der erste mit der Problematik des jeweiligen
Krankheitsbildes konfrontierte Arzt, von dessen Kenntnissen, richtiger Einordnung und richtigen weiteren Entscheidungen die adäquate weitere Therapiesteuerung und die Prognose des Patienten
entscheidend abhängen.
Virale Bindehautentzündungen: Befunde, Therapie und Prophylaxe
Authors: Kowanz Dominik H. , Rokohl Alexander C. , Heindl Ludwig M. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungBesonders in den Winter- und Herbstmonaten füllen sie Augenarztpraxen und Ambulanzen von Augenkliniken: Patienten mit stark geröteten, tränenden Augen, die oftmals auch zusätzliche
Allgemeinsymptome zu beklagen haben. Doch nicht jede Bindehautentzündung wird durch respiratorische Erreger mit typischer, saisonaler epidemiologischer Dynamik verursacht, bei bestimmten
Erregern manifestiert sich in erster Linie ein charakteristischer Hautbefund.
Erste pädiatrische Nutzung eines AID-Systems mit automatischem Korrekturbolus in Deutschland
Authors: von dem Berge Thekla , Biester Sarah , Remus Kerstin , Reschke Felix , Klusmeier Britta , Adolph Kerstin , Kordonouri Olga , Danne Thomas , Biester Torben 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Als Upgrade eines teilautomatischen Insulindosierungssystems (AID) ist die Weiterentwicklung einer prädiktiven Insulinabschaltung vom Hypoglykämieschutz (Basal-IQ) zu Tandem Control IQ das zweite in Deutschland für Kinder und Jugendliche zu Lasten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung rezeptierbare System mit automatischer Basalratenmodulation und Korrekturbolusgaben erhältlich. In dieser Studie wurden der iterative Umstieg von zunächst nur prädiktiver Abschaltung mit dem sofortigen Beginn von AID mit Insulinmodulation zur Reduktion von Hypo- und Hyperglykämie verglichen.
Methodik Kindern und Jugendlichen mit intensivierter Insulintherapie (ICT oder CSII) mit Krankenkassengenehmigung für Tandem Basal IQ wurde vor Markteinführung des neuen Systems eine Behandlung mit dem AID-System Control IQ angeboten. Teilnehmende und Eltern erhielten eine Systemschulung. Eine Gruppe nutzte zuvor kein anderes AID-System (START-Gruppe). Eine andere Gruppe, die bereits Tandem Basal IQ nutzte, wurde vor Markteinführung des neuen Systems ein Pumpenupgrade (SWITCH-Gruppe) auf das AID-System Control IQ angeboten. Es wurden die Therapiedaten und Fragebögen zum Wohlbefinden vor Beginn der neuen Therapieform und nach 3 Monaten miteinander verglichen.
Resultate Insgesamt konnten 49 Kinder und Jugendliche (mittleres Alter 12±3,4 Jahre, 38% weiblich, BMI-SDS 0,28±1,0, Diabetesdauer 4,7±4,1 Jahre) ausgewertet werden, eine Jugendliche musste aufgrund eines allergischen Kontaktekzems abbrechen. Der primäre Endpunkt Time in Range (TIR) zeigte sich nach der Intervention signifikant erhöht mit 68,8±12,0 vs. zuvor 64,1±16,2 %, p=0.003; die Zeit in der Unterzuckerung sank von 2,7±2,0 auf 1,7±1,6 % (p=0.02)Verbesserte glykämische Parameter nach drei Monaten lagen sowohl bei START (HbA1c 7,1±1,1 vs. 6,9±0,8 %, TIR 66,6±17,5 vs. 69,8±13,9 %, TBR (54–70 mg/dl) 2,7±2,2 vs. 1,4±1,6 %, TBR (<54 mg/dl) 1,3±1,6 vs. 0,5±0,9 %) wie auch SWITCH (HbA1c 6,9±0,6 vs. 6,9±0,6 %, TIR 6,.9±14,9 vs. 67,7±10,1 %, TBR (54–70 mg/dl) 2,6±1,8 vs. 1,9±1,6 %) vor. Signifikante Verbesserungen elterlicher Hypoglykämieangst waren bei 2 bzw. 8 Items in beiden Gruppen zu finden.
Schlussfolgerung Nach Therapieumstellung auf ein AID-System konnte bei bereits guten Ausgangswerten des Kollektivs sowohl in der START- wie auch der SWITCH-Gruppe trotzdem eine Verbesserung der glykämischen Parameter erzielt werden, auch über das Gesamtkollektiv bestand eine Verbesserung. Die elterliche Hypoglykämieangst konnte signifikant reduziert werden.
Real-Time Shear Wave Elastography for Determining the Ideal Site of Liver Biopsy in Diffuse Liver Disease
Authors: Patidar Yashwant , Singh Jitender , Chatterjee Navojit , Mukund Amar , Rastogi Archana , Kumar Guresh , Sharma Manoj Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives The objective of the study was to identify accurate site of liver biopsy under ultrasound and elastography guidance and compare the shear wave elastography (SWE) and transient elastography (TE) diagnostic accuracy with histopathological correlation.
Methods This was a prospective single-center study where patients scheduled for nonfocal liver biopsy were divided into two groups (group U: ultrasound; group E elastography) by sequential nonrandom selection of patients. Elastography was performed before the biopsy and biopsies from the maximum stiffness segment were taken.
Results There was no significant difference of intersegmental liver stiffness with mean velocity; however, biopsy segment velocities show significant difference with mean liver stiffness suggestive of heterogenous distribution of fibrosis. The rho (r; Spearman's correlation) value between biopsy segments and mean velocities shows excellent correlation. The diagnostic performance of TE was good for fibrosis stages F2, F3, and F4, while SWE was fair for the diagnosis of fibrosis stages F1 and F2 and fairly equal for the diagnosis stages F2 and F3. Area under the curve (AUC) values in differentiating mild (F1) or no fibrosis from significant fibrosis (≥F2) were 95.5 with cutoff value of at least 1.94 m/s.
Conclusions The diagnostic performance of SWE is comparable with TE in liver fibrosis staging and monitoring. Fibrosis is heterogeneously distributed in different segments of the right lobe liver. Therefore, elastography at the time of biopsy may help in defining the accurate site for biopsy and improve histopathological yield in detecting liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease.
Advances in Knowledge Elastography-guided biopsy is helpful to determine the ideal site of biopsy.
Activity of cefotaxime versus ceftriaxone against pathogens isolated from various systemic infections: A prospective, multicenter, comparative, in vitro Indian study
Authors: Gondane Ajitkumar A. , Pawar Dattatray B. 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
To determine the susceptibility of isolated pathogens with different samples collected from patients taking cefotaxime as compared with ceftriaxone.

Materials and Methods
In vitro susceptibility study was conducted at microbiology laboratories of east (Bhubaneshwar), west (Ahmedabad), north (Delhi), and south (Srikakulam) India. Samples of treatment naïve patients with various clinical infections were included if they were positive for bacterial culture. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zone of inhibitions (ZoIs) for each isolate were determined using Ezy MIC strip test and disk diffusion methods, respectively. Findings of MIC and ZoI were interpreted as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Appropriate statistical tests were used.

Statistical Analysis:
Probable diagnosis, type of sample, and isolated organisms was presented as the proportion. Geometric mean was calculated for MIC and arithmetic mean was calculated for ZoI and they were presented as mean (95% confidence interval).

Results:
Four hundred clinical samples of urinary tract infection (42.75%), lower respiratory tract infection (20.75%), skin and soft tissue infection (16.75%), and sepsis (12.75%) were evaluated. Escherichia coli (47.75%) was the most common organism isolated followed by Klebsiella (26%), Salmonella (7.75%), and Proteus mirabilis (3.75%). The mean MIC values for E. coli, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, Citrobacter koseri, and Serratia marcescens were found to be lower when treated with cefotaxime compared with ceftriaxone, although the difference was not statistically significant. However, cefotaxime produced significantly (p < 0.05) more ZoI for E. coli, Klebsiella, and Salmonella as compared with ceftriaxone.

Conclusion:
Cefotaxime has shown better sensitivity profile in terms of MIC and ZoI to most of the isolated organisms as compared with ceftriaxone and thus can be preferred for empirical treatment of such patients.
Prime ministerial political leadership and the domestic politics of Brexit: Theresa May and Boris Johnson compared
Authors: Brusenbauch Meislová Monika , Bujard Birgit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores and compares the political leadership of two successive British Prime Ministers, Theresa May and Boris Johnson, in their handling of the domestic politics of Brexit. Despite some similar dilemmas at the beginning of their premierships, their leadership delivered very different outcomes. The key argument developed here, using Richard Heffernan’s power resources model, is that the explanation for these outcomes does not only arise from a different political context and circumstances under which each prime minister pursued their Brexit policy. Rather Johnson, unlike May, made skilful use of the power resources at his command. He possessed more personal power resources and drew upon the available institutional power resources more effectively than May. As a result, unlike May, he was able to be predominant in his government’s Brexit policy. While we demonstrate the continued analytical value of Heffernan’s model, we also point to its limitations and suggest how it can be revised.
Mental health of children with gender and sexual minority parents: a review and future directions
Authors: Mazrekaj Deni , Jin Yuxuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article reviews the literature between 2015 and 2022 on mental health disparities between children with gender and sexual minority parents and children with different-sex parents. Although most studies indicate that children with gender and sexual minority parents do not experience more mental health problems than children with different-sex parents, the results are mixed and depend on the underlying sample. The review highlights important shortcomings that characterize this literature, including cross-sectional survey samples, correlational methods, lack of diversity by country, and a lack of research on children with transgender and bisexual parents. Therefore, substantial caution is warranted when attempting to arrive at an overall conclusion based on the current state of the literature. Suggestions are provided that can guide academic work when studying mental health outcomes of children with gender and sexual minority parents in the future.
Hyaluronic acid-modified metal–organic framework for two-photon imaging-guided photodynamic therapy in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Song Ningning , Li Bo , Li Dandan , Yan Yunwen 
Published: August 2023

Zr-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) using thiazolothiazole as an organic ligand exhibit excellent two-photon excited fluorescence performance, particularly in the generation of reactive oxygen species. In this study, a ZrTc nanoMOF was designed and modified with hyaluronic acid (HA) to provide good biocompatibility and cancer cell-specific targeting. In triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the optimized composite ZrTc@HA exhibited considerable two-photon activity and excellent light-triggered O2·− generation ability at an excitation wavelength of 780 nm. ZrTc@HA can be used as a diagnostic probe for fluorescence imaging and as a therapeutic agent for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with no remarkable toxicity in vitro or in a subcutaneous tumor model in vivo. In summary, we developed a promising two-photon-activated ZrTc@HA for PDT in TNBC, with immense potential for advancements in monotherapy and synergistic phototherapy.
Effect of structural properties in the electrical impedance spectrum of multi-walled carbon nanotube/graphite/polyester ternary composites
Authors: Belhimria R , Samir Z , Boukheir S , Soreto Teixeira S , Len A , Szakál A , Achour M E , Anson-Casaos A , El Hasnaoui M , Costa L C , Gonzalez-Dominguez J M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to establish a connection or correlation between the electrical and structural properties of ternary composites, which were prepared by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and graphite (Gr) as conductive fillers to an insulating polyester matrix. The study utilized small-angle neutron scattering, infrared and Raman spectroscopy for structural characterization. Electrical measurements were conducted within a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz and a temperature range of 200–380 K. The alternating current (AC) conductivity showed a frequency dependence following Jonscher’s power law. The temperature dependence of the AC conductivity suggested that the electrical conduction within the material is a thermally activated process. The temperature-dependent behavior of the direct current (DC) conductivity suggests that below and above the critical temperature, there is a pronounced positive and negative temperature coefficient of resistivity, respectively. In comparison to MWCNT/polyester or Gr/polyester composites, the percolation threshold of the MWCNT/Gr/polyester composite is much lower. Additionally, applying the Arrhenius equation to analyze the temperature dependence of DC conductivity reveals that the inclusion of MWCNT and Gr in the polyester matrix results in a decrease in activation energy.
Emergence of field-induced memory effect in spin ices
Authors: Yadav Pramod K , Upadhyay Rajnikant , Kumar Rahul , Nukala Pavan , Upadhyay Chandan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Out-of-equilibrium investigation of strongly correlated materials deciphers the hidden equilibrium properties. Herein, we have investigated the out-of-equilibrium magnetic properties of polycrystalline Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7 spin ices. Our experimental findings reveal the emergence of magnetic field-induced anomalous hysteresis observed solely in temperature-and magnetic field-dependent AC susceptibility measurements. The observed memory effect (anomalous thermomagnetic hysteresis) exhibits a strong dependence on both thermal and non-thermal driving variables. Owing to the non-collinear spin structure, the applied DC bias magnetic field produces quenched disorder sites in the cooperative Ising spin matrix and suppresses the spin–phonon coupling. These quench disorders create a dynamic spin correlation, having slow spin relaxation and quick decay time, which additionally contribute to AC susceptibility. The initial conditions and measurement protocol decide the magnitude and sign of this dynamical term contributing to AC susceptibility. It is being suggested that such out-of-equilibrium properties arise from the combined influences of geometric frustration, disorder, and the cooperative nature of spin dynamics exhibited by these materials.
Wayside wheelset lateral motion detection and vehicle hunting instability evaluation
Authors: Peng Xinyu , Zeng Jing , Wang Jianbin , Li Dadi , Wang Qunsheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Wheel profile wear, or bogie suspension failure will result in hunting instability of the vehicle system which will lead to dramatic changes in the lateral motion of the wheelset. The occurrence of hunting instability will worsen the ride performance of the vehicle or even cause the danger of wheelset derailment. Thus, the in-time and effective detection of wheelset lateral motion is very important for the vehicle hunting stability evaluation. By installing a certain amount of displacement sensors on the rail side along the track and detecting the distance between the wheel and rail when the wheelset passing by, the lateral displacements of the wheelset in measuring points can be obtained. The detection method of wheelset lateral motion by the wayside is studied, which includes the measuring principle, structure design, sensor installation, data acquisition and data analysis, and the application of the method to on-site detection for typical instability cases are demonstrated. At the same time, innovate on the existing on-board hunting instability monitoring method, proposed an evaluation method of hunting instability for wayside lateral movement monitoring system. The results show that: installing 20 eddy current sensors on both sides of the straight track to measure the lateral displacement of the wheelset can meet the requirement of detecting the vehicle hunting instability. At the same time, analyzing the measurement data and fitting the maximum value of the signal collected by each sensor can obtain the lateral trajectory of the wheelset. The wheelset lateral displacement can be used to monitor the occurrence of vehicle hunting instability if periodic motion is detected. The amplitude of the motion can determine the hunting instability level, and the frequency can be used to describe the wheel wear level and calculate the wheel/rail contact equivalent conicity. This method is able to provide a reliable data support for the vehicle operation safety. The proposed monitoring method and monitoring index are also of reference value to the development of other wayside hunting instability monitoring systems.
Detection and cancellation method of impulse noise in gearbox non-stationary vibration signals—a case study of port ship unloader
Authors: Yang Chen , Li Hongkun , Cao Shunxin , Zhang Kongliang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This work proposes a signal preprocessing framework that cancels out impulse noise in the non-stationary gearbox vibration signals of a ship unloader, which reduce the interference of non-cyclic impulses on the damage detection. The algorithm involves three main steps: (i) Preliminary localization of impulse noise, including suppressing components related to normal machine operation, segmenting the signal, and localizing abnormal sub-segment signal based on higher-order statistical criteria. (ii) Detection of impulse boundaries. The influence of random impulse noise on the signal envelope spectrum is studied, and an impulse indicator is constructed to accurately detect the boundaries of impulse noise in abnormal sub-segment signals. (iii) Cancellation of impulse noise. Replace the identified random impulse with Gaussian white noise. Laboratory and industrial data confirm the excellent performance of the proposed algorithm. It can accurately identify and cancels out the non-cyclic impulse noise in the non-stationary gearbox vibration signal, which facilitates the subsequent damage detection.
Diverse long-term potentiation and depression based on multilevel LiSiO
x
memristor for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Wu Zeyu , Li Zewen , Lin Xin , Shan Xin , Chen Gang , Yang Chen , Zhao Xuanyu , Sun Zheng , Hu Kai , Wang Fang , Ren Tianling , Song Zhitang , Zhang Kailiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Memristor-based neuromorphic computing is expected to overcome the bottleneck of von Neumann architecture. An artificial synaptic device with continuous conductance variation is essential for implementing bioinspired neuromorphic systems. In this work, a memristor based on Pt/LiSiO
x
/TiN structure is developed to emulate an artificial synapse, which shows non-volatile multilevel resistance state memory behavior. Moreover, the high nonlinearity caused by abrupt changes in the set process is optimized by adjusting the initial resistance. 100 levels of continuously modulated conductance states are achieved and the nonlinearity factors are reduced to 1.31. The significant improvement is attributed to the decrease in the Schottky barrier height and the evolution of the conductive filaments. Finally, due to the improved linearity of the long-term potentiation/long-term depression behaviors in LiSiO
x
memristor, a robust recognition rate (∼94.58%) is achieved for pattern recognition with the modified National Institute of Standards and Technology handwriting database. The Pt/LiSiO
x
/TiN memristor shows significant potential in high-performance multilevel data storage and neuromorphic computing systems.
Consistency of muscle fibers directionality in human thigh derived from diffusion-weighted MRI
Authors: Shusharina Nadya , Nguyen Christopher 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DW-MRI) is known to quantify muscle fiber directionality and thus may be useful for radiotherapy target definition in sarcomas. Here, we investigate the variability of tissue anisotropy derived from diffusion tensor (DT) in the human thigh to establish the baseline parameters and protocols for DW-MRI acquisition for future studies in sarcoma patients. Approach. We recruited ten healthy volunteers to acquire diffusion-weighted MR images of the left and right thigh. DW-MRI data were used to reconstruct DT eigenvectors within each individual thigh muscle. Deviations of the principal eigenvector from its mean were calculated for different experimental conditions. Main results. Within the majority of muscles in most subjects, the mode of the histogram of the angular deviation of the principal eigenvector of the water DT from its muscle-averaged value did not exceed 20°. On average for all subjects, the mode ranged from 15° to 24°. Deviations much larger than 20° were observed in muscles far from the RF coil, including cases with significant amounts of subcutaneous fat and muscle deformation under its own weight. Significance. Our study is a robust characterization of angular deviations of muscle fiber directionality in the thigh as determined by DW-MRI. We show that an appropriate choice of experimental conditions reduces the variability of the observed directionality. Precise determination of tissue directionality will enable reproducible models of microscopic tumor spread, with future application in defining the clinical target volume for soft tissue sarcoma.
Extracting lung contour deformation features with deep learning for internal target motion tracking: a preliminary study
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Yajuan , Bai Xue , Chen Ming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. To propose lung contour deformation features (LCDFs) as a surrogate to estimate the thoracic internal target motion, and to report their performance by correlating with the changing body using a cascade ensemble model (CEM). LCDFs, correlated to the respiration driver, are employed without patient-specific motion data sampling and additional training before treatment. Approach. LCDFs are extracted by matching lung contours via an encoder–decoder deep learning model. CEM estimates LCDFs from the currently captured body, and then uses the estimated LCDFs to track internal target motion. The accuracy of the proposed LCDFs and CEM were evaluated using 48 targets’ motion data, and compared with other published methods. Main results. LCDFs estimated the internal targets with a localization error of 2.6 ± 1.0 mm (average ± standard deviation). CEM reached a localization error of 4.7 ± 0.9 mm and a real-time performance of 256.9 ± 6.0 ms. With no internal anatomy knowledge, they achieved a small accuracy difference (of 0.34∼1.10 mm for LCDFs and of 0.43∼1.75 mm for CEM at the 95% confidence level) with a patient-specific lung biomechanical model and the deformable image registration models. Significance. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of LCDFs and CEM on tracking target motion. LCDFs and CEM are non-invasive, and require no patient-specific training before treatment. They show potential for broad applications.