bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Hydrodynamic Investigation of a Co-Located Wind Turbine and Wave Energy Converter
Authors: Gubesch Eric , Nader Jean-Roch , Ding Boyin , Cazzolato Ben , Li Ye , Sergiienko Nataliia , Penesis Irene 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As part of the Australia-China Joint Research Centre of Offshore Wind and Wave Energy Harnessing project, a new extensive experimental investigation was performed to study the hydrodynamic interactions between a fixed offshore wind turbine and a heaving wave energy converter (WEC). This paper presents the experimental setup and preliminary results for the investigation. The experimental objectives were to evaluate the use of a WEC to reduce the surge forces and overturning moments on the wind turbine foundation under operational and extreme conditions. The experimental investigation was conducted in the Model Test Basin at the Australian Maritime College. The WEC’s motions were restricted to heave and were controlled with a LinMot linear motor. The experimental wavefield consisted of regular, irregular, and focused wave groups, which covered a wide range of conditions from small amplitude linear waves to highly nonlinear and breaking waves. Preliminary analysis included: 1) radiation tests for the WEC; 2) independent diffraction tests for the WEC and wind turbine; 3) combined diffraction tests for the co-located WEC and wind turbine; and 4) the effects of the WEC’s heaving motions on the wind turbines surge forces and pitch moments. The resulting dataset provides a solid scientific foundation for investigating the hydrodynamic interactions for co-located arrays of wind turbines and WECs. The obtained data is highly suitable for validating a range of numerical models, which may then be used to optimise the interactions between an array of WECs and wind turbines.
Positive Interaction of Hydrodynamic Motions of an Offshore Wind Turbine With Co-Located WEC
Authors: Hewins Shelby , Nader Jean-Roch , Gubesch Eric , Sergiienko Nataliia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Renewable marine energy is plentiful and available, with most systems moving further offshore to capture this resource as a higher energy power density can be extracted. Both offshore wind turbines and Wave Energy Converters (WECs) are generally existing within similar geotechnical locations and therefore could benefit from co-location of devices, as shared infrastructure would be a major factor for reducing Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE). This paper is focused on the benefits of having a co-located hybrid renewable marine system, which consists of offshore wind turbine and WEC in conjunction, for the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of Offshore Wind and Wave Energy grant. The principal focus of the grant is to minimise capital costs and/or maximise productivity. However, by maximising power performance, the maximum fluid-structure interactions between the device, the waves, and wind are required. A numerical approach was simulated using ANSYS AQWA to solve for interaction between a co-located Wind Turbine (WT) and WEC device. The simulation was validated against analytical sources and alternative software NEMOH. Effects of the co-location for the power efficiency and reduction of the force related to the WT, showed that the positioning of the WEC provides a greater influence on results than the radiation damping effect.
Evaluation of VIV Prediction Practice of Deep-Water Steel Lazy Wave Risers (SLWRs)
Authors: Wu Jie , Jiang Fengjian , Lie Halvor , Passano Elizabeth , Yin Decao , Sævik Svein , Grytøyr Guttorm , Hogg Brendan Francis , Resvanis Themistocles , Vandiver Kim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV) are one of the major design concerns for deep-water riser systems. Large uncertainties and limitations in the existing prediction tools and design practice lead to not only costly riser designs, but also have a negative impact on the floaters. These are creating technology barriers for the development towards ultra-deep water. The present study aims to improve VIV prediction practice of deep-water Steel Lazy Wave Risers (SLWRs) system. A case study using a SLWR has been carried out with traditional frequency domain (FD) VIV prediction tools, e.g., VIVANA-FD/Shear7. It is shown that similar prediction results can be obtained with equivalent empirical hydrodynamic parameters. The recently developed non-linear time domain (TD) tool, VIVANA-TD, has also been evaluated for the same case, which can consider non-linear structural properties, e.g., soil-pipe interaction at the touch down area. In addition, uncertainty in VIV prediction lies also on the use of empirical hydrodynamic parameters, which are generalized based on various test data. Differences in prediction using these tools can also be related to the philosophy of prediction tools to treat uncertainty and conservatism. The gaps and uncertainties in the present prediction practice are discussed and assessed. Further work is suggested.
Structural Integrity Risk Assessment of Offshore Terminals Based on Key Measurable Indicators
Authors: Mazaheri Sam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Structural Integrity Risk Analysis (SIRA) is a crucial tool for any maritime structures and asset owners to ensure the current condition of their assets, are in safe condition and there are no risks to personnel, business, and environment. Nevertheless, there is no single standard method to conduct this kind of structural risk analysis and so, asset owners and authorities are utilising different methods based on their best practice to come up with suitable structural risk figures for their assets. Despite best efforts, there is a chance to miscalculate the actual risk and, in most cases, underestimate the current structural risk. This has become particularly more important for the assets that are complex and aged. This paper tries to fill this gap by introducing some key indicators which can enhance the accuracy of SIRA and provide a better understanding for key decision makers to keep their assets in fair conditions and prevent any unwanted business interruption. To address this issue and minimise the risk of underestimating the actual structural risk, reliable indicators such as Condition Rating (CR), Section Utilisation (SU), Defect Heatmap (DH) and, Structural Criticality (SC) are introduced. These indicators can be fed later into any risk matrix / system to estimate the inherent and future risk of structural sections in offshore terminals. To evaluate this method in practice, more than 5 years of structural condition data of one of the offshore terminals in Australia has been considered. Next, the key structural indicators and their variation over a 24-month time window were developed, analysed, and monitored. Furthermore, the outcome has been used to update the structural asset management and maintenance strategy. Finally, to monitor the structural risk over time, two additional indicators; Defect Completion Rate (DCR) and Defect Overdue Index (DOI) have been introduced.
Application of Extended Game in Multi-UUV Pursuit-Escape Task
Authors: Yu Dan , Wang Hongjian , Huang Weiquan , Huang Shihao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the extensive deployment of unmanned systems in various fields, the requirements for unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) are becoming higher and higher. A single UUV can no longer meet the task requirements, and the cooperative control of multiple UUVs is required. In this paper, facing the hunting-escape task, establishing the kinematics and observation communication model of UUV, the multi-UUV pursuit task is completed based on this model. The multi-UUV maneuvering strategy set, payoff function and Nash equilibrium solution are given by using dynamic extended form game. In the game task, the pursuit UUVs decompose many-to-one game toone-to-one, and the escape UUV calculates the highest income among the multiple UUVs, that is, in the process of the task, the pursuit party simplifies the task to one-to-one interception, and the other is the best strategy for many-to-one selection. Finally, the pursuit and escape simulation experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the algorithm. From the perspective of effectiveness, after 29 games, the pursuit UUV successfully encircles the escape UUV. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified from the encircling path, the change of the distance between the pursuit UUV and the breaching party’s UUV, and the final situation. The effectiveness of UUV controller is analyzed from lateral, longitudinal velocity and heading control. In terms of the superiority of the algorithm, when the pursuit party chooses the maneuver strategy given by the interception and breakthrough theory, the pursuit party fails after the same time and strategy selection steps, and the escape succeeds. The superiority of the algorithm can be obtained from the comparison of the simulation results.
Draft genome sequence of
Staphylococcus gallinarum
BAU_KME002 strain isolated from egg surface in Bangladesh
Authors: Ballah Fatimah Muhammad , Islam Md. Saiful , Rana Md. Liton , Khatun Mst. Minara , Rahman Marzia , Hassan Jayedul , Rahman Md. Tanvir 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

This report describes the genome sequence of the
Staphylococcus gallinarum
BAU_KME002 strain isolated in Bangladesh in 2021 from a chicken egg surface. Our assembled genome had 50 contigs, an estimated genome length of 2,866,882 bp (with coverage of 90.0×), 36 predicted antibiotic resistance genes, and 28 predicted virulence factor genes.
S. aureus
virulence factors decrease epithelial barrier function and increase susceptibility to viral infection
Authors: Moran Mary C. , Brewer Matthew G. , Schlievert Patrick M. , Beck Lisa A. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) are highly colonized by
Staphylococcus aureus
and are more susceptible to severe viral complications. We hypothesized that
S. aureus
secreted virulence factors may alter keratinocyte biology to enhance viral susceptibility through disruption of the skin barrier, impaired keratinocyte differentiation, and/or inflammation. To address this hypothesis, human keratinocytes were exposed to conditioned media from multiple
S. aureus
strains that vary in virulence factor production (USA300, HG003, and RN4220) or select purified virulence factors. We have identified the
S. aureus
enterotoxin-
like
superantigen SE
l
Q, as a virulence factor of interest, since it is highly produced by USA300 and was detected on the skin of 53% of AD subjects (
n
= 72) in a study conducted by our group. Treatment with USA300 conditioned media or purified SE
l
Q resulted in a significant increase in keratinocyte susceptibility to infection with vaccinia virus, and also significantly decreased barrier function. Importantly, we have previously demonstrated that keratinocyte differentiation influences susceptibility to viral infection, and our qPCR observations indicated that USA300
S. aureus
and SE
l
Q alter differentiation in keratinocytes. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to knock out CD40, a potential enterotoxin receptor on epithelial cells. We found that CD40 expression on keratinocytes was not completely necessary for SE
l
Q-mediated responses, as measured by proinflammatory cytokine expression and barrier function. Together, these findings support that select
S. aureus
virulence factors, particularly SE
l
Q, enhance the susceptibility of epidermal cells to viral infection, which may contribute to the increased cutaneous infections observed in individuals with AD.

Importance

Staphylococcus aureus
skin colonization and infection are frequently observed in individuals with atopic dermatitis. Many
S. aureus
strains belong to the clonal group USA300, and these strains produce superantigens including the staphylococcal enterotoxin-
like
Q (SE
l
Q). Our studies highlight that SE
l
Q may play a key role by altering keratinocyte differentiation and reducing barrier function; collectively, this may explain the AD-specific enhanced infection risk to cutaneous viruses. It is unclear what receptor mediates SE
l
Q’s effects on keratinocytes. We have shown that one putative surface receptor, CD40, was not critical for its effects on proinflammatory cytokine production or barrier function.
Neuroimaging in infants with congenital cytomegalovirus infection and its correlation with outcome: emphasis on white matter abnormalities
Authors: Alarcón Ana , de Vries Linda S , Parodi Alessandro , Arnáez Juan , Cabañas Fernando , Steggerda Sylke J , Rebollo Mónica , Ramenghi Luca , Dorronsoro Izaskun , López-Azorín Manuela , Schneider Juliane , Noguera-Julian Antoni , Ríos-Barnés María , Recio Manuel , Bickle-Graz Myriam , Martínez-Biarge Miriam , Fortuny Clàudia , García-Alix Alfredo , Truttmann Anita C 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between neuroimaging and outcome in infants with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV), focusing on qualitative MRI and quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging of white matter abnormalities (WMAs).MethodsMulticentre retrospective cohort study of 160 infants with cCMV (103 symptomatic). A four-grade neuroimaging scoring system was applied to cranial ultrasonography and MRI acquired at ≤3 months. WMAs were categorised as multifocal or diffuse. Temporal-pole WMAs (TPWMAs) consisted of swollen or cystic appearance. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained from frontal, parieto-occipital and temporal white matter regions. Available follow-up MRI at ≥6 months (N=14) was additionally reviewed. Neurodevelopmental assessment included motor function, cognition, behaviour, hearing, vision and epilepsy. Adverse outcome was defined as death or moderate/severe disability.ResultsNeuroimaging scoring was associated with outcome (p<0.001, area under the curve 0.89±0.03). Isolated WMAs (IWMAs) were present in 61 infants, and WMAs associated with other lesions in 30. Although TPWMAs and diffuse pattern often coexisted in infants with IWMAs (p<0.001), only TPWMAs were associated with adverse outcomes (OR 7.8; 95% CI 1.4 to 42.8), including severe hearing loss in 20% and hearing loss combined with other moderate/severe disabilities in 15%. Increased ADC values were associated with higher neuroimaging scores, WMAs based on visual assessment and IWMAs with TPWMAs. ADC values were not associated with outcome in infants with IWMAs. Findings suggestive of progression of WMAs on follow-up MRI included gliosis and malacia.ConclusionsCategorisation of neuroimaging severity correlates with outcome in cCMV. In infants with IWMAs, TPWMAs provide a guide to prognosis.
Real-life data of hypoglycemic events in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hill Henrik , Klaar Per , Espes Daniel 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionHypoglycemia composes an always present risk in the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and can be a fatal complication. Many studies on hypoglycemic events are based on self-reported data or focused on the aggregated time below range. We have processed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data in children and adolescents with T1D in order to examine all occurring hypoglycemic events.Research design and methodsCGM data (mean 168±3 days) from 214 children and adolescents with T1D were analyzed using computer-based algorithms. Patients were divided into three groups based on estimated HbA1c (eHbA1c): (1) ≤48 mmol/mol (n=58); (2) 49–64 mmol/mol (n=113); (3) ≥65 mmol/mol (n=43). The groups were compared concerning descriptive data and CGM metrics with emphasis on the frequency of hypoglycemic events.ResultsOnly one self-reported event of severe hypoglycemia was registered, while 54 390 hypoglycemic events (<3.9 mmol/L (<70 mg/dL)) were identified from CGM data out of which 11 740 were serious (<3.0 mmol/L (<54 mg/dL)). On average there were 1.5±0.1 hypoglycemic events per 24 hours out of which 1.2±0.1 were mild (3.0–3.9 mmol/L) and 0.3±0.02 serious. Group 1 had a higher frequency of both total and mild hypoglycemic events compared with both groups 2 and 3. However, the frequency of serious hypoglycemic events was similar in all groups. A negative correlation was observed for eHbA1c and total daily and mild hypoglycemic events (r=−0.57 and r=−0.66, respectively, p<0.0001), whereas for serious hypoglycemic events there was only a borderline significance (r=−0.13, p=0.05).ConclusionsThis study shows that hypoglycemic events are a frequent phenomenon in children and adolescents with T1D, occurring regardless of overall metabolic control. Although patients with an HbA1c ≤48 mmol/mol had a higher frequency of mild hypoglycemic events there was no increase in serious hypoglycemic events.
Depression, anxiety, psychological distress and associated factors among students attending Nemelifen Secondary and Preparatory School, Afar regional state, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gebremariam Asamnew Teklewold , Gurara Abenet Menene , Beyen Teresa Kisi 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the magnitude of depression, anxiety, psychological distress and associated factors in Nemelifen Secondary and Preparatory School at Awash 7 Kilo, zone 3, Afar, Ethiopia.DesignAn institutional-based cross-sectional study design was implemented.SettingThis research was conducted in Afar regional state, zone 3, Awash 7 Kilo town.ParticipantsA pretested, structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information from 392 study participants. For the purpose of identifying risk variables for depression, anxiety and psychological distress, bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome of the study was magnitude of depression, anxiety and psychological distress and the secondary outcome was factors associated with depression, anxiety and psychological distress.ResultsOverall, 109 study participants showed symptoms of depression (28.91%; 95% CI: 24.3%, 33.2%), 85 had symptoms of anxiety disorder (22.55%; 95% CI: 18.7%, 27.3%) and 168 had symptoms of psychological distress (44.56%; 95% CI: 39.6%, 49.6%). While anxiety was linked to ever drinking alcohol (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.87; 95% CI: 1.13, 7.28) and suicidal ideation (AOR=3.23; 95% CI: 1.80, 5.79), depression was significantly associated with having very good relationships with classmates (AOR=0.22; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.55) and suicidal ideation (AOR=2.26; 95% CI: 1.29, 3.94). The level of education (being in the ninth grade) and suicidal ideation (AOR=2.86; 95% CI: 1.49, 4.86) were also related to psychological distress.ConclusionHigh levels of depression, anxiety and psychological distress were discovered. Very positive relationships with classmates were significantly linked to depression, while ever drinking was linked to anxiety. Likewise, the level of educational was related to psychological distress. All three of the dependent variables were linked to suicidal ideation. Above all, there was a connection among psychological distress, anxiety and depression.
Exploring reasons behind UK doctors leaving the medical profession: a series of qualitative interviews with former UK doctors
Authors: Pathmanathan Arin , Snelling Iain 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe retention of doctors is an important issue for the National Health Service; yet evidence suggests that the proportion of doctors wanting to leave UK medicine is increasing. Some of these doctors chose to continue their medical careers in other countries, however, some decided to leave the profession entirely.ObjectivesThis was the first study to interview a cohort of UK doctors who have left the medical profession to embark on alternative careers. Participants were asked about the reasoning behind their decision to leave medicine.DesignQualitative study using one-to-one, semi-structured virtual interviews.Participants17 participants, recruited via purposive sampling.SettingZoom interviews with 17 former UK doctors who had left medicine to pursue alternative careers were conducted between February and July 2021.FindingsData were analysed using thematic analysis and the theory of work adjustment was applied to findings. The most frequently discussed reasons for leaving were associated with factors preventing participants from providing a desired level of patient care, work-life balance, a lack of support, a lack of control over working lives and the pull of alternative careers. While reasons for leaving varied between participants, all participants reported greater satisfaction in their new careers.ConclusionNew careers were able to address many of the issues that caused participants to leave UK medicine. Consequently, it is important that some of the key issues raised in this study are addressed to retain more doctors in the UK medical workforce.
Study protocol for virtual leisure investigating the effect of virtual reality-delivered stress reduction, entertainment and distraction on the use of coercion and need-based medication and patient satisfaction at a closed psychiatric intensive care unit - a mixed-methods pilot clinical trial
Authors: Clemmensen Lars , Jørgensen Gry , Gundersen Kristina Ballestad , Smith Lisa Charlotte , Midtgaard Julie , Bouchard Stephane , Thomsen Christina Plambøck , Turgut Louise , Glenthøj Louise Birkedal 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionThe environment at a psychiatric inpatient ward can lead to emotional distress and behavioural deviations in vulnerable individuals potentially resulting in conflicts, increased use of need-based medication and coercive actions, along with low satisfaction with treatment. To accommodate these challenges, recreational and entertaining interventions are recommended. The tested interventions have, however, shown varying effects and demand a high degree of planning and staff involvement while being difficult to adapt to individual needs. Virtual reality (VR) may help overcome these challenges.Methods and analysisThe study is a mixed-methods clinical trial with a target sample of 124 patients hospitalised at a closed psychiatric ward in the capital region of Denmark. Outcomes (eg, coercion, need-based medication and perceived stress) for a 12-month period where all patients are offered VR-based recreational experiences during their hospitalisation will be compared with outcomes for a 12-month period where VR is not offered. Feasibility and acceptability will be explored with qualitative interviews supplemented with non-participant observations and focus groups. The study began on 1 January 2023, and we expect to complete data collection by 31 December 2024.Ethics and disseminationThe study is registered at Danish Data Protection Agency (j.no P-2022-466) and is approved by the Committee on Health Research Ethics of the capital region of Denmark (j.no 22013313). All patients will be required to provide informed consent. Results from this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals and congress/consortium presentations.Trial registration numberNCT05654740.