bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signal detection of adverse events associated with gabapentinoid use for chronic pain
Authors: Kuo Yong‐Fang , Polychronopoulou Efstathia , Raji Mukaila A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionGabapentinoids (GABA) prescribing as a potential and conceivably safer substitute for opioids has substantially increased. Understanding all potential adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with GABA will guide clinical decision‐making for pain management.MethodsA 20% sample of Medicare enrollees with new chronic pain diagnoses in 2017–2018 was selected. GABA users were those with >=30 consecutive days prescription in a year without opioid prescription. Opioid users were similarly defined. The control group used neither of these drugs. Propensity score match across three groups based on demographics and comorbidity was performed. We used proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Gamma Poisson Shrinker, and tree‐based scan statistic (TBSS) to detect ADEs within 3, 6, and 12 months of follow‐up.ResultsImmunity disorder was detected within 3 months of follow‐up by PRR compared to opioid use (PRR:2.33), and by all three methods compared to controls. Complications of transplanted organs/tissues and schizophrenia spectrum/other psychotic disorders were consistently detected by PRR and TBSS within 3 months. Skin disorders were detected by TBSS; and stroke was detected by PRR within 3 months compared to opioid use (PRR:4.74). Some malignancies were detected by PRR within 12 months. Other signals detected in GABA users were neuropathy and nerve disorders.ConclusionsOur study identified expected and unexpected ADE signals in GABA users. Neurological signals likely related to indications for GABA use. Signals for immunity, mental/behavior, and skin disorders were found in the FDA adverse event reporting system database. Unexpected signals of stroke and cancer require further confirmatory analyses to verify.
Poly(ethylene terephthalate)‐polyethylene block copolymer architecture effects on interfacial adhesion and blend compatibilization
Authors: Peng Xiayu , Shin Youngsu , Zervoudakis Aristotle J. , Nomura Keiichiro , Lindenmeyer Katelyn M. , Miller Kevin M. , Ellison Christopher J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, poly(ethylene terephthalate)‐block‐polyethylene (PET‐PE) multiblock copolymers (MBCPs) with block molar masses of ~4 or 7 kg mol−1 and either alternating or random block sequencing, and a PE‐PET‐PE triblock copolymer (TBCP) of comparable total molar mass, were synthesized. To explore the effect of molecular architecture on compatibilization, both MBCPs and TBCPs were blended into 80/20 wt/wt mixtures of PET/linear low‐density PE (LLDPE). Compatibilization was remarkably efficient for all MBCP types, with the addition of 0.2 wt% yielding blends nearly as tough as PET homopolymer. Addition of MBCP also significantly decreases LLDPE dispersed phase sizes compared to PET/LLDPE neat blends, as much as 80% in as‐mixed blends and by a factor of 10 in post‐mixing thermally annealed samples. Conversely, the TBCP was less efficient at decreasing domain sizes of the blends and improving the mechanical properties, requiring loadings of 1 wt% to produce comparably tough blends. Peel tests of PET/BCP/LLDPE trilayer films showed that both MBCPs and TBCP all improve interfacial strength over a PET‐PE bilayer film by two orders of magnitude; however, when the BCPs were preloaded into LLDPE, only the MBCP containing films showed strong adhesion highlighting their potential utility as adhesive agents in multilayer films.
Fast reactions of shocked energetic microporous metallic composites
Authors: Kumar Valluri Siva , Salvati Lawrence , Dreizin Edward L. , Dlott Dana D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetal/oxidizer composites can potentially release more energy than organic explosives such as HMX (1,3,5,7‐Tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocane), but are generally unsuitable for high‐performance explosives due to slow energy release. These composites have physically separated fuel and oxidizer components, and their energetic combustion reactions are usually rate‐limited by diffusive mass transfer. Here we describe studies of metal composite microparticles produced by arrested reactive milling (ARM) in an emulsion process fluid, which produces particles with internal pores intended to facilitate rapid shear mixing of fuel and oxidizer under shock compression. The particles were sectioned with a microtome to determine the extent of internal porosity versus particle size. We describe a tabletop high‐throughput method for evaluating novel ARM composites, where a small number of composite microparticles are embedded in a transparent polymer and shocked by 4 km/s laser‐launched flyer plates. We compared the thermal emission from the composites to an HMX standard to determine whether these particles had potential to release energy fast enough to support a detonation. The thermal emission was analyzed by an optical pyrometer yielding nanosecond time‐dependent graybody temperatures and radiances. Thermal images were also obtained with a nanosecond camera in order to determine which particles were ignited by the shock. We found that the larger more porous particles ignited more readily, showing that internal porosity can be engineered to increase chemical reactivity under shock in metal/oxidizer composites. Both the composite and the HMX were ignited by shock on a <20 ns time scale, although the composite temperature of 5000 K was significantly greater than the 3500 K HMX temperature.
Improving PSM and HSEMS compliance in Malaysian upstream oil and gas industry: A case study assessment for plug and abandonment activities
Authors: Zulkiply Mohd Shazman , Hussain Siti Aslina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProcess safety incidents in the oil and gas industry can have serious consequences. In the United States and Malaysia, standards for process safety management (PSM) have been established by US OSHA and PETRONAS, respectively. However, these standards are not always properly understood or followed by employers, resulting in ineffective safety programs and uncontrolled hazards. Plug and abandonment (P&A) activities in the upstream oil and gas industry require high control of well barriers. To assess the gap between PSM industrial standards and crew awareness in P&A activities, a study was conducted throughout one cycle of the project campaign. The study found that 70% of offshore crews had a high awareness level of the health, safety, and environment management system (HSEMS) and PSM, and 96% compliance was achieved from audit activities. However, two proposed PSM elements scored low in the assessment, indicating a need for improvement in site implementation. The study provides valuable information for offshore crews and readers seeking to improve and assess PSM elements in process safety. The results can help identify and control potential hazards related to technical safety, operational safety, and personnel safety. Furthermore, the study aims to support the development and implementation of PSM standards in Malaysia.
Bond dissociation energies of the fifth‐row elements (InI): A quantum theoretical benchmark study
Authors: Badran Ismail , Hashlamoun Kotaybah , Nassar Nashaat N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe bond dissociation energies (BDE) of most main‐group elements have been accurately measured. However, the BDE values for heavy elements, particularly those from the fifth period (InI), are still missing or poorly validated. This study aims to identify the most accurate computational methods for calculating BDE values of compounds containing fifth‐row elements, including In, Sn, Sb, Te, and I, with a focus on readily accessible methods in software packages. The investigation involved a benchmark study using density functional theory (DFT), in addition to the 2nd order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and the coupled cluster with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations CCSD(T). The DFT functionals used in the study include APFD, B3LYP, B3LYP‐D3, B3P86, B97‐D3, BHandH, HSEH1PBE, M06‐2X, MN12‐SX, MN15‐L, and TPSSH. The functionals were carefully selected to cover some popular functionals as well as to cover all levels of the Jacob's ladder of DFT accuracy. The computed BDE values were compared with experimental values, and the results were filtered to remove any possible outliers. The statistical errors (MAPE, RMSE, and Pearson's) were then calculated and used to assess the performance of the methods.
Subgroup analysis using Bernoulli‐gated hierarchical mixtures of experts models
Authors: Li Wei , Luo Shanshan , He Yangbo , Geng Zhi 
Published: August 2023

SummaryWhen it is suspected that the treatment effect may only be strong for certain subpopulations, identifying the baseline covariate profiles of subgroups who benefit from such a treatment is of key importance. In this paper, we propose an approach for subgroup analysis by firstly introducing Bernoulli‐gated hierarchical mixtures of experts (BHME), a binary‐tree structured model to explore heterogeneity of the underlying distribution. We show identifiability of the BHME model and develop an EM‐based maximum likelihood method for optimization. The algorithm automatically determines a partition structure with optimal prediction but possibly suboptimal in identifying treatment effect heterogeneity. We then suggest a testing‐based postscreening step to further capture effect heterogeneity. Simulation results show that our approach outperforms competing methods on discovery of differential treatment effects and other related metrics. We finally apply the proposed approach to a real dataset from the Tennessee's Student/Teacher Achievement Ratio project.
H2O2‐Induced Persistent Luminescence Signal Enhancement Applied to Biosensing
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Viana Bruno , Mignet Nathalie , Scherman Daniel , Liu Yingshuai , Richard Cyrille 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPersistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) are innovative materials able to emit light for a long time after the end of their excitation. Thanks to this property, their detection can be separated in time from the excitation, making it possible to obtain images with a high signal‐to‐noise ratio. This optical property can be of particular interest for the development of in vitro biosensors. Here, we report the unexpected effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the signal intensity of ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ (ZGO) nanoparticles. In the presence of H2O2, the signal intensity of ZGO can be amplified. This signal amplification can be used to detect and quantify H2O2 in various media, using non‐functionalized ZGO nanoparticles. This small molecule can be produced by several oxidases when they react with their substrate. Indeed, the quantification of glucose, lactic acid, and uric acid is possible. The limit of detection could be lowered by modifying the nanoparticles synthesis route. These optimized nanoparticles can also be used as new biosensor to detect larger molecules such as antigen, using the appropriate antibody. This unique property, i.e., persistent luminescence signal enhancement induced by H2O2, represents a new way to detect biomolecules which could lead to a very large number of bioassay applications.
Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Ethane to n‐Butane Using CO2 as a Soft Oxidant over NiTi‐Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Shen Tianyang , Wu Zhaohui , Bai Sha , Song Ziheng , Song Yu‐Fei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSelective conversion of ethane (C2H6) to high‐value‐added chemicals is a very important chemical process, yet it remains challenging owing to the difficulty of ethane activation. Here, a NiTi‐layered double hydroxide (NiTi‐LDH) photocatalyst is reported for oxidative coupling of ethane to n‐butane (n‐C4H10) by using CO2 as an oxidant. Remarkably, the as‐prepared NiTi‐LDH exhibits a high selectivity for n‐C4H10 (92.35%) with a production rate of 62.06 µmol g−1 h−1 when the feed gas (CO2/C2H6) ratio is 2:8. The X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and photoelectron characterizations demonstrate that NiTi‐LDH possesses rich vacancies and high electron–hole separation efficiency, which can promote the coupling of C2H6 to n‐C4H10. More importantly, density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that ethane is first activated on the oxygen vacancies of the catalyst surface, and the C─C coupling pathway is more favorable than the C─H cleavage to C2H4 or CH4, resulting in the high production rate and selectivity for n‐C4H10.
Self‐Assembled MoS2 Cladding for Corrosion Resistant and Frequency‐Modulated Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Materials from X‐Band to Ku‐Band
Authors: Zhou Jixi , Lan Di , Zhang Feng , Cheng Yuhang , Jia Zirui , Wu Guanglei , Yin Pengfei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReasonable composition design and controllable structure are effective strategies for harmonic electromagnetic wave (EMW) adsorption of multi‐component composites. On this basis, the hybrid MoS2/CoS2/VN multilayer structure with the triple heterogeneous interface is prepared by simple stirring hydrothermal, which can satisfy the synergistic interaction between different components and obtain excellent EMW absorption performance. Due to the presence of multiple heterogeneous interfaces, MoS2/CoS2/VN composites will produce strong interfacial polarization, while the defects in the sample will become the center of polarization, resulting in dipole polarization. Due to the excellent structural design of MoS2/CoS2/VN composite material, MoS2/CoS2/VN composite material not only has good conductive loss and polarization loss, but also can maintain excellent stability in simulated seawater, and enhance corrosion resistance. The MoS2/CoS2/VN composite with dual functions of corrosion resistant and microwave absorption achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL) of −50.48 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of up to 5.76 GHz, covering both the X‐band and Ku‐band. Finally, this study provides a strong reference for the development of EMW absorption materials based on transition metal nitrides.
Robust Behavior of Charge Density Wave Quantum Motif Star‐of‐David in 2D NbSe2 Nanocrystals
Authors: Song Xuan , Huang Xinyu , Yang Han , Jia Liangguang , Zhang Quanzhen , Huang Yuan , Wu Xu , Liu Liwei , Gao Hong‐Jun , Wang Yeliang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCharge density wave (CDW) is a typical collective phenomenon, and the phase change is generally accompanied by electronic transition with potential device applications. For the continuous miniaturization of devices, it is important to investigate the size effect down to the nanoscale. In this work, single‐layer (SL) 1T‐NbSe2 islands provide an ideal research platform to investigate the size effect on CDW arrangement and electronic states. The CDW motifs (Star‐of‐David [SOD]) at the island border are along the edge, and those at the interior tend to arrange in a triangular lattice for islands as small as 5 nm. Interestingly, in some small islands, the SOD clusters rearrange into a square‐like lattice, and each SOD cluster remains robust as a quantum motif, both in the sense of geometry and electronic structures. Moreover, the electronic structure at the center of the small islands is downwards shifted compared to the big islands, explained by the spatial extension of the band bending originating from the edge of the islands. These findings reveal the robust behavior of CDW motifs down to the nanoscale and provide new insights into the size‐limiting effect on 2D2D CDW ordering and electronic states down to a few nanometer extremes.
Blocking Accretion Enables Dimension Reduction of Metal‐Organic Framework for Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Wang Zejin , Ding Rui , Li Xiaoke , Zhang Jie , Yang Le , Wang Ying , Liu Jianguo , Zhou Zhigang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe evolution and formation process of two‐dimensional metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) primarily arise from the anisotropic growth of crystals, leading to variations in photocatalytic performance. It is crucial to achieve a synergistic combination of anisotropic electron transfer direction and dimension reduction strategies. In this study, a novel approach that effectively blocks crystal growth accretion through the coordination of solvent molecules is presented, achieving the successful synthesis of impurity‐free two‐dimensional nanosheet Zn‐PTC with exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance (15.4 mmol g−1 h−1). The structural and photophysical characterizations validate the successful prevention of crystal accretion, while establishing correlation between structural anisotropy and intrinsic charge transfer mode through transient spectroscopy. These findings unequivocally demonstrate that electron transfer along the [001] direction plays a pivotal role in the redox performance of nano‐Zn‐PTC. Subsequently, by coupling the photocatalytic performance and density functional theory (DFT) simulation calculations, the carrier diffusion kinetics is explored, revealing that effective dimension reduction along the ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) direction is the key to achieving superior photocatalytic performance.
Scalable Synthesis of Ir Cluster Anchored on Porous Hollow Carbon Nanobowls for Enhancing pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhao Yingxiu , Sun Qiyan , Zhou Xinyuan , Duan Zhiyao , Zhang Chuanfang , Xu Guang‐Rui , Ju Dianxing , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDesign high‐loading with superior activity and high atomic efficiency has consistently been a new frontier of heterogeneous catalysis while challenging in synthetic technology. In this work, a universal solid‐state strategy is proposed for large scalable production of high‐loading Ir clusters on porous hollow carbon nanobowls (Ir CSs/PHCNBs). The strong electronic interaction between metallic Ir cluster and C on PHCNBs leads to electron redistribution, which significantly improves the electron transfer rate on the interface. The obtained Ir CSs/PHCNBs only require overpotentials of 35, 34, and 37 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with stable outputting of 10 mA cm−2 under acidic, alkaline, and neutral conditions, respectively, which exceeds the state‐of‐the‐art HER electrocatalysts. Meanwhile, the Tafel slopes of Ir CSs/PHCNBs for the HER process are 23.07, 48.76, and 28.95 mV dec−1, greatly lower than that of PHCNBs (152.73, 227.96, and 140.29 mV dec−1) and commercial Pt/C (20%) (36.33, 66.10, and 36.61 mV dec−1). These results provide a new strategy for the universal synthesis of clusters catalysts and insight into understanding the interface effects between clusters and carbon substrate, facilitating the industrial application of hydrogen production.
Li‐Mediated Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation: Key Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Ibrar , Assafiri Aya , Hibbert David Brynn , Zhao Chuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction holds great potential for ammonia production using electricity generated from renewable energy sources and is sustainable. The low solubility of nitrogen in aqueous media, poor kinetics, and intrinsic competition by the hydrogen evolution reaction result in meager ammonia production rates. Attributing measured ammonia as a valid product, not an impurity, is challenging despite rigorous analytical experimentation. In this regard, Li‐mediated electrochemical nitrogen reduction is a proven method providing significant ammonia yields. Herein, fundamental advances and insights into the Li‐mediated strategy are summarized, emphasizing the role of lithium, reaction parameters, cell designs, and mechanistic evaluation. Challenges and perspectives are presented to highlight the prospects of this strategy as a continuous, stable, and modular approach toward sustainable ammonia production.
Image‐based communication on social coding platforms
Authors: Nayebi Maleknaz , Adams Bram 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVisual content in the form of images and videos has taken over general‐purpose social networks in a variety of ways, streamlining and enriching online communications. We are interested to understand if and to what extent the use of images is popular and helpful in social coding platforms. We mined 9 years of data from two popular software developers' platforms: the Mozilla issue tracking system, that is, Bugzilla, and the most well‐known platform for developers' Q/A, that is, Stack Overflow. We further triangulated and extended our mining results by performing a survey with 168 software developers. We observed that, between 2013 and 2022, the number of posts containing image data on Bugzilla and Stack Overflow doubled. Furthermore, we found that sharing images makes other developers engage more and faster with the content. In the majority of cases in which an image is included in a developer's post, the information in that image is complementary to the text provided. Finally, our results showed that when an image is shared, understanding the content without the information in the image is unlikely for 86.9% of the cases. Based on these observations, we discuss the importance of considering visual content when analyzing developers and designing automation tools.
Introduction: Teaching English in a Time of Resurgent Nationalism
Authors: McIntosh Kyle , McPherron Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis special issue focuses on how neo‐nationalist movements are affecting the teaching of English to speakers of other languages in several countries where English functions as the dominant language, an official language, a lingua franca, and/or a required subject in schools. In this introduction, we offer background on neo‐nationalism and the teaching of English, as well as preview key themes and responses addressed in the rest of the special issue. We then provide an overview of the research articles, brief report, and commentaries that respond to the question of how the field of TESOL, which has benefited from neoliberal globalization even while critiquing it, can meet the challenges posed by a world in which more governments are withdrawing from international agreements, reinforcing their borders, and inciting xenophobic violence among the general populace.