bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soybean leaf estimation based on RGB images and machine learning methods
Authors: Li Xiuni , Xu Xiangyao , Xiang Shuai , Chen Menggen , He Shuyuan , Wang Wenyan , Xu Mei , Liu Chunyan , Yu Liang , Liu Weiguo , Yang Wenyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
RGB photographs are a powerful tool for dynamically estimating crop growth. Leaves are related to crop photosynthesis, transpiration, and nutrient uptake. Traditional blade parameter measurements were labor-intensive and time-consuming. Therefore, based on the phenotypic features extracted from RGB images, it is essential to choose the best model for soybean leaf parameter estimation. This research was carried out to speed up the breeding procedure and provide a novel technique for precisely estimating soybean leaf parameters.

Results
The findings demonstrate that using an Unet neural network, the IOU, PA, and Recall values for soybean image segmentation can achieve 0.98, 0.99, and 0.98, respectively. Overall, the average testing prediction accuracy (ATPA) of the three regression models is Random forest > Cat Boost > Simple nonlinear regression. The Random forest ATPAs for leaf number (LN), leaf fresh weight (LFW), and leaf area index (LAI) reached 73.45%, 74.96%, and 85.09%, respectively, which were 6.93%, 3.98%, and 8.01%, respectively, higher than those of the optimal Cat Boost model and 18.78%, 19.08%, and 10.88%, respectively, higher than those of the optimal SNR model.

Conclusion
The results show that the Unet neural network can separate soybeans accurately from an RGB image. The Random forest model has a strong ability for generalization and high accuracy for the estimation of leaf parameters. Combining cutting-edge machine learning methods with digital images improves the estimation of soybean leaf characteristics.
Swimming prevents cell death of chondrocytes via PI3K/AKT pathway in an experimental model
Authors: Qian Jiajia , Zhao Peiru , Xu Qi , Yang Weiwei , Cai Ren 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the main causes of disability in the elderly and with limited treatment options. Swimming was considered as an ideal form of non-surgical management of KOA. Nevertheless, the mechanism of swimming intervene OA remains unclear. ACLT induced OA model was often used to study the pathogenesis and treatment of OA. Thus, we evaluated the protective effect of swimming on KOA mouse and tried to explore the underlying mechanism.MethodsForty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: Blank group, ACLT group, ACLT + Swim group, Sham group and Sham + Swim group (n = 8). OA model was established by Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection surgery (ACLT). After modeling, mice in ACLT + Swim and Sham + Swim groups were trained with a moderate swimming program, 5 d/week, for 6 weeks. HE and Safranin-O/fast staining, Immunohistochemistry, TUNEL assay and Western blot were used to detect the effect of swimming on pathological changes, cell death and the mechanism in KOA mouse.ResultsSwimming significantly enhanced CoII expression and suppressed ADAMTS5 expression in cartilage of KOA mouse, thus ameliorated KOA development. Apoptotic and autophagic processes were enhanced in OA cartilage, which might be caused by down-regulation of PI3K/AKT pathway; swimming could activate PI3K/AKT pathway and thus regulate apoptosis and autophagy processes of chondrocytes.ConclusionSwimming could prevent cell death of chondrocytes via PI3K/AKT pathways, thus delayed the progression of KOA in an experimental model.
Severe osteoporosis in a young man with bilateral Cushing’s syndrome: a case report
Authors: Reis Bárbara Oliveira , Leal Christianne Toledo Sousa , Ezequiel Danielle Guedes Andrade , dos Santos Ribeiro Simões Juliano Ana Carmen , de Macedo Veloso Flávia Lopes , da Silva Leila Marcia , Ferreira Lize Vargas , Ferreira Mariana , De Oliveira Souza Gabriel Zeferino 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome is challenging; however, through the clinical picture and the search for secondary causes of osteoporosis, it was possible to reach the diagnosis of the case reported. There was an independent, symptomatic ACTH hypercortisolism manifested by typical phenotypic changes, severe secondary osteoporosis and arterial hypertension in a young patient.

Case presentation
A 20-year-old Brazilian man with low back pain for 8 months. Radiographs showed fragility fractures in the thoracolumbar spine, and bone densitometry showed osteoporosis, especially when evaluating the Z Score (− 5.6 in the lumbar spine). On physical examination, there were wide violaceous streaks on the upper limbs and abdomen, plethora and fat increase in the temporal facial region, hump, ecchymosis on limbs, hypotrophy of arms and thighs, central obesity and kyphoscoliosis. His blood pressure was 150 × 90 mmHg. Cortisol after 1 mg of dexamethasone (24.1 µg/dL) and after Liddle 1 (28 µg/dL) were not suppressed, despite normal cortisoluria. Tomography showed bilateral adrenal nodules with more severe characteristics. Unfortunately, through the catheterization of adrenal veins, it was not possible to differentiate the nodules due to the achievement of cortisol levels that exceeded the upper limit of the dilution method. Among the hypotheses for the differential diagnosis of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia are primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, McCune–Albright syndrome and isolated bilateral primary pigmented nodular hyperplasia or associated with Carney’s complex. In this case, primary pigmented nodular hyperplasia or carcinoma became important etiological hypotheses when comparing the epidemiology in a young man and the clinical-laboratory-imaging findings of the differential diagnoses. After 6 months of drug inhibition of steroidogenesis, blood pressure control and anti-osteoporotic therapy, the levels and deleterious metabolic effects of hypercortisolism, which could also impair adrenalectomy in the short and long term, were reduced. Left adrenalectomy was chosen, given the possibility of malignancy in a young patient and to avoid unnecessary definitive surgical adrenal insufficiency if the adrenalectomy was bilateral. Anatomopathology of the left gland revealed expansion of the zona fasciculate with multiple nonencapsulated nodules.

Conclusion
The early identification of Cushing’s syndrome, with measures based on the assessment of risks and benefits, remains the best way to prevent its progression and reduce the morbidity of the condition. Despite the unavailability of genetic analysis for a precise etiological definition, it is possible to take efficient measures to avoid future damage.
Spontaneous calcific cerebral embolization revealing a calcified rheumatic mitral stenosis: a case report
Authors: Haboub M. , Abouradi S. , Mechal H. , Minko G. , Moukhliss A. , Arous S. , Benouna M. E. G. , Drighil A. , Azzouzi L. , Habbal R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Cerebral cardiac embolism accounts for an increasing proportion of ischemic strokes and transient ischemic attacks. Calcified cerebral emboli are rare and mostly iatrogenic secondary to heart or aorta catheterization. However, spontaneous cerebral calcified embolism in the case of calcified aortic valve is very rare and there are less than 10 case reports in the literature. And a more interesting fact is that such an event, in the context of calcified mitral valve disease, has never been reported, at least to our knowledge. We are reporting a case of spontaneous calcified cerebral embolism revealing a calcified rheumatic mitral valve stenosis.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 59 year-old Moroccan patient, with a history of rheumatic fever at the age of 14 and no history of recent cardiac intervention or aortic/carotid manipulation, who was admitted to the emergency department after a transient ischemic attack. Physical examination at admission found normal blood pressure of 124/79 mmHg and heart rate of 90 bpm. A 12-lead electrocardiogram showed an atrial fibrillation, no other anomalies. Unenhanced cerebral computed tomography imaging was performed, revealing calcified material inside both middle cerebral arteries. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed, showing severe mitral leaflets calcification with a severe mitral stenosis, probably due to rheumatic heart disease. Cervical arteries Duplex was normal. A vitamin K antagonist (acenocoumarol) was prescribed, targeting an international normalized ratio of 2–3 and mitral valve replacement surgery was performed using mechanical prosthesis. Short- and long-term health, with a 1-year follow-up, were good and the patient did not experience any stroke.

Conclusion
Spontaneous calcified cerebral emboli secondary to mitral valve leaflet calcifications is an extremely rare condition. Replacement of the valve is the only option to prevent recurrent emboli and outcomes are still to be determined.
A scheduling algorithm to maximize storm throughput in heterogeneous cluster
Authors: Nasiri Hamid , Nasehi Saeed , Divband Arman , Goudarzi Maziar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the most popular distributed stream processing frameworks (DSPFs), programs are modeled as a directed acyclic graph. Using this model, a DSPF can benefit from the parallelism capabilities of distributed clusters. Choosing a reasonable number of vertices for each operator and mapping the vertices to the appropriate processing resources significantly affect the overall system performance. Due to the simplicity of the current DSPF schedulers, these frameworks perform poorly on large-scale clusters. In this paper, we present a heterogeneity-aware scheduling algorithm that finds the proper number of the vertices of an application graph and maps them to the most suitable cluster node. We begin with a pre-processing step which allocates the vertices to the given cluster nodes using profiling data. Then, we gradually increase the topology input rate in order to scale up the application graph. Finally, using a CPU utilization model which predicts the CPU workload based on the input rate to vertices and the processing node’s CPU characteristics, we identify the bottlenecked vertices and allocate new instances derived from them to the least utilized processing resource. Our experimental results on Storm Micro-Benchmark show that (1) the prediction model estimate CPU utilization with 92% accuracy. (2) Compared to the default scheduler of Storm, our scheduler provides 7 to 44% throughput enhancement. (3) The proposed method can find the solution within 4% (worst case) of the optimal scheduler, which obtains the best scheduling scenario using an exhaustive search over problem design space.
Cannabis for morning sickness: areas for intervention to decrease cannabis consumption during pregnancy
Authors: Swenson Karli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Cannabis use during pregnancy is increasing, with 19–22% of patients testing positive at delivery in Colorado and California. Patients report using cannabis to alleviate their nausea and vomiting, anxiety, and pain. However, preclinical and clinical data highlight harmful effects to offspring physiology and behavior following fetal cannabis exposure. This narrative review identifies potential areas for intervention to decrease cannabis consumption during pregnancy.

Methods
A combination of keywords, including “cannabis”, “cannabis”, “weed”, “pregnancy”, “morning sickness”, “child protective services”, and “budtender” were searched in databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as in social media forums, governmental webpages, and other publicly available sources.

Results
The literature search identified several areas for intervention to reduce cannabis use during pregnancy, including physician and pharmacist training, engagement with pregnant patients, regulation of dispensary workers, and the role of child protective services.

Discussion
This comprehensive review identifies multiple areas for improvement to benefit pregnant patients. Recommendations are independent and can be implemented simultaneously by the identified groups. Limitations of this research includes the relatively limited availability of data focused specifically on cannabis consumption during pregnancy and the complexity of the sociopolitical field of substance use during pregnancy.

Conclusions
Cannabis consumption during pregnancy is increasing and causes harm to the developing fetus. To educate pregnant patients about these risks, we must address the gaps in education from multiple contact points.
Fathers’ involvement in the healthcare of their children: a descriptive study in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Bodunde Olubunmi Temitope , Sholeye Oluwafolahan Oluwagbemiga , Jeminusi Olubukunonla Ayodele , Ajibode Haroun Adetunji , Otulana Taibat Olusola , Adebayo Emmanuel Olusegun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aims at determining why fathers do not follow their children to the clinic or hospital and exploring the factors that will promote father’s participation in healthcare of their children.

Design
Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting
Community (Sagamu township of Sagamu Local Government Area of Ogun State {LGA}, Nigeria).

Participants
All fathers ≥ 18 years that have ever had children, selected from 3 wards in Sagamu township of Sagamu LGA.

Results
A total of 416 fathers participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 42.0 ± 12.7 years. Forty-four-point five percent (44.5%) had secondary education, while 36.6% were unskilled workers. Forty-two-point three percent (42.3%) said it is a woman’s job to take children to the hospital, while about half of the respondents said following a child to the hospital is time-consuming. About 2/3rd of the participants said waiting time in the hospital is too long, while 53.6% will rather go in search of money than go with a child to the hospital. Thirty-nine-point nine percent will need paternity leave to be more involved.

Conclusion
The major individual factors influencing father’s involvement in the healthcare of their children in this study are semi-skilled occupation, marital status, and work schedule. Majority do not think paternity leave is required before fathers can be involved in the healthcare of their children. Intensive health education by healthcare practitioners will improve male participation in children’s health.
Expression of Secretin and its Receptor Along the Intestinal Tract in Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Healthy Controls
Authors: Gilliam-Vigh Hannah , Jorsal Tina , Nielsen Sophie W , Forman Julie L , Pedersen Jens , Poulsen Steen S , Vilsbøll Tina , Knop Filip K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
The hormone secretin (SCT) is released from intestinal S cells and acts via the SCT receptor (SCTR). Circulating SCT levels increase after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and have been associated with massive weight loss and high remission rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) linked to these operations. Exogenous SCT was recently shown to reduce ad libitum food intake in healthy volunteers.

Objective
To understand SCT biology and its potential role in T2D pathophysiology, we examined the intestinal mucosal expression profile of SCT and SCTR and evaluated the density of S cells along the intestinal tract of individuals with T2D and healthy controls.

Methods
Using immunohistochemistry and messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing, we analyzed intestinal mucosa biopsies sampled along the small intestine at 30-cm intervals and from 7 well-defined anatomical sites along the large intestine (during 2 sessions of double-balloon enteroscopy) in 12 individuals with T2D and 12 healthy controls.

Results
Both groups exhibited a progressive and similar decrease in SCT and SCTR mRNA expression and S-cell density along the small intestine, with reductions of 14, 100, and 50 times, respectively, in the ileum compared to the duodenum (used as reference). Negligible amounts of SCTR and SCT mRNA, as well as low S-cell density, were found in the large intestine. No significant differences were observed between the groups.

Conclusion
SCT and SCTR mRNA expression and S-cell density were abundant in the duodenum and decreased along the small intestine. Very low SCT and SCTR mRNA levels and S-cell numbers were observed in the large intestine, without aberrations in individuals with T2D compared to healthy controls.
Comparative Classification of Homonyms in Russian and Uzbek Languages
Authors: Усманова Svetlana Nematovna , Khamraeva Dilorom Azamovna 
Published: June 2023

T
The article deals with the comparative classification of homonyms in the Russian and Uzbek languages. The authors examine the relationship of homonymy with polysemy. Homonymy is studied in the aspect of the systemic organization of vocabulary and connections with word building. The classification of non-derivative and derivative homonyms of the Russian and Uzbek languages is presented, taking into account the ways of their formation, derivativeness and non-derivativeness of lexemes, depending on their interaction in the word-building nest. The article also deals with the features and distinctive properties of lexical, word-forming homonyms, examples of reflected homonymy in the system of word-building nests, as well as the difference between homonyms in the Uzbek language in their internal structure and appearance, the division of homonyms depending on their material, content and graphic forms into groups. The results of the analysis indicate that the phenomenon of homonymy in the Russian and Uzbek languages has a regular and systemic character.
Hadis Akhlak dan Filsafat Etika Taha Abdurrahman: Kritik Modernitas dan Tawaran Alternatif
Authors: Nurul Ihsannudin  
Published: June 2023

The rate of development of science and information technology experienced by humans, more or less, leads them to rapid and instant life changes. Modernity with all the conveniences offered in it has an impact on humans, both positive and negative. However, modernity dissolves humans in conditions of social, economic and political inequality. Colonialism and imperialism are part of the many consequences of modernity. Seeing the phenomenon of life, Taha Abdurrahman, a Muslim thinker and philosopher from Morocco, conducted an in-depth study of the issue of modernity and modern human behavior with the provisions of the hadith akhlak that was said by the Prophet Muhammad. So this study tries to reveal (a) how relevant the hadith akhlak and ethical philosophy of Taha Abdurrahma; (b) what are the criticisms conveyed by Taha on the reality of modernity; and (c) what alternative offers for modernity according to Taha. This library research finds that there is a relevance and strong role of the hadith akhlak on the ethical philosophy of Taha. He critiqued the rationalism on which Western modernity was based. He also offers a spirit of modernity which is based on al-rusyd, al-naqdī and al-syumūl.
Keywords : Ethics, Hadith Akhlak, Modernity Criticism, Taha Abdurrahman.
Penggunaan Air Limbah Rendaman Kedelai yang Difermentasi dalam Budidaya Kutu Air (Daphnia magna)
Authors: Pramudiva Rahel Rosana , Sucahyo Sucahyo 
Published: June 2023

Ketersediaan air limbah rendaman kedelai yang melimpah dapat dijadikan sebagai pakan alternatif bagi D. magna. Peningkatan nutrisi dapat dilakukan melalui penambahan probiotik EM4. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi pemberian pakan air limbah rendaman kedelai terfermentasi dan periode waktu terhadap pertumbuhan D. magna. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara eksperimental di Laboratorium Akuakultur, Fakultas Biologi UKSW. Hasil pengamatan pertumbuhan D. magna tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh P3 (pakan terfermentasi 10 ml) sebanyak 922 ind/L, sedangkan perlakuan yang tidak mengalami pertumbuhan berarti ditunjukkan oleh P6 (pakan terfermentasi 80 ml) dan P1 sebagai kontrol. Konsentrasi terbaik ditunjukkan oleh P3 (pakan terfermentasi 10 ml). Pemberian air limbah rendaman kedelai terfermentasi sebagai asupan pakan D. magna lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan pakan tanpa fermentasi.The abundant availability of soy soaking wastewater could be used as an alternative feed for D. magna. Improving the feed’s nutrition could be done through by adding EM4 probiotics. This study aimed to determine the impact of differences in the concentration of fermented soy soaking wastewater feed and the growth period on the growth of D. magna. The study was conducted experimentally in the Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Biology UKSW. The observation revealed that the highest D. magna growth was demonstrated by P3 (10 ml of fermented feed) with 922 ind/L. In comparison, the treatment that did not experience significant growth was shown by P6 (80 ml fermented feed) with P1 as the control. The best feed concentration was P3 (10 ml fermented feed). To conclude, the provision of fermented soy soaking wastewater as a D. magna’s feed intake was more effective compared to non-fermented feed intake.
Efektifitas Imunomostimulant Ekstrak Etanolik Umbi Talas Jepang (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum) sebagai Peningkat Sistem Imun Melalui Uji In-Vivo
Authors: Zulianti Dwi , Savitri Putri Gita Ayu , Uswatun Chasanah , Andalucya Filliana , Setiyowati Putri Ayu Ika 
Published: June 2023

Salah satu sumber pangan fungsional yang berpotensi untuk meningkatkan sistem imun yaitu umbi talas jepang (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum). Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui efek esktrak talas jepang dengan variasi dosis tertentu terhadap peningkatan sel imun (leukosit, monosit, dan limfosit) sebagai salah satu indikator meningkatnya sistem imunitas. Metode ekstraksi menggunakan teknik maserasi. Terdapat 2 kelompok kontrol yaitu control positif (tanpa injeksi bakteri maupun ekstrak), kontrol negatif (injeksi i.p bakteri S. aureus 0,5 Mc Farland sebanyak 0,2 mL), kelompok perlakuan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu: perlakuan 1,2, dan 3 (P1, P2, dan P3), dengan perlakuan injeksi sub-cutan ekstrak C. esculenta dengan dosis berturut-turut dari rendah ke tinggi yaitu 50,100, dan 200 mg/kg bb selama 2 minggu lalu dibiarkan selama 1 minggu, pada hari ke 21 diinjeksi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Pengukuran parameter sel imun dilakukan pada hari ke-7, ke-14, dan ke-21, Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak C. esculenta var. antiquorum dapat meningkatkan jumlah leukosit, persentase monosit dan persentase limfosit secara signifikan dibanding kelompok kontrol baik sebelum maupun sesudah diinfeksi oleh bakteri S. aureus. Dosis tinggi ekstrak talas jepang terbukti memberikan efek imunostimulan paling optimal. The one of potential food to increasing immune system is Japanese taro tuber (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum). In this study, determine the effect of japanese taro with variation dose to increase immune cells like leukocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Extraction method using maceration technique. There were 2 control groups, namely positive control (without injection of bacteria or extract), negative control that injection by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria 0.5 Mc Farland as much as 0.2 mL, the treatment group was divided into 3 groups P1, P2, and P3, treated with sub-cutaneous injection of japanese taro extract at variation doses from low to high doses, there were 50,100, and 200 mg/kg bw for 2 weeks and then left for 1 week, on the 21st day Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was injected. Immune cell parameters were measured on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA. The results showed that the extract of C. esculenta var. antiquorum can increase the number of leukocytes, the percentage of monocytes and the percentage of lymphocytes significantly compared to the control group both before and after being infected by S. aureus bacteria. The high dose of japanese taro extract was the optimal doses as imunostimulant.